abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4082 is the current first-line @entity249 treatment in @entity1 with the @entity3610 , but aromatase inhibitors, including @entity4672 , might result in better pregnancy outcomes. METHODS: In this double-blind, multicenter trial, we randomly assigned 750 @entity1 , in a 1:1 ratio, to receive @entity4672 or @entity4082 for up to five treatment cycles, with visits to determine ovulation and pregnancy, followed by tracking of pregnancies. The @entity3610 was defined according to modified Rotterdam criteria ( @entity3206 with either @entity3610 ). @entity1 were 18 to 40 years of age, had at least one patent fallopian tube and a normal uterine cavity, and had a male partner with a sperm concentration of at least 14 million per milliliter; the @entity1 and their partners agreed to have regular intercourse with the intent of conception during the study. The primary outcome was live birth during the treatment period. RESULTS: @entity1 who received @entity4672 had more cumulative live births than those who received @entity4082 (103 of 374 [27.5%] vs. 72 of 376 [19.1%], P=0.007; rate ratio for live birth, 1.44; 95% confidence interval, 1.10 to 1.87) without significant differences in overall @entity154 , though there were four major @entity154 in the @entity4672 group versus one in the @entity4082 group (P=0.65). The cumulative ovulation rate was higher with @entity4672 than with @entity4082 (834 of 1352 treatment cycles [61.7%] vs. 688 of 1425 treatment cycles [48.3%], P<0.001). There were no significant between-group differences in pregnancy loss (49 of 154 pregnancies in the @entity4672 group [31.8%] and 30 of 103 pregnancies in the @entity4082 group [29.1%]) or twin pregnancy (3.4% and 7.4%, respectively). @entity4082 was associated with a higher incidence of hot flushes, and @entity4672 was associated with higher incidences of @entity1295 and @entity1296 . Rates of other adverse events were similar in the two treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS: As compared with @entity4082 , @entity4672 was associated with higher live-birth and ovulation rates among @entity249 @entity1 with the @entity3610 . (Funded by the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of @entity1 Health and @entity1 Development and others; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00719186.).

title: @entity4672 versus XXXX for @entity249 in the @entity3610 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Child', 'women', 'Women', 'Participants', 'Human']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['congenital anomalies']

entities_list: @entity249 :: ('MESH:D007246', 'Disease') :: ['infertility', 'infertile']

entities_list: @entity4672 :: ('MESH:C067431', 'Chemical') :: ['letrozole']

entities_list: @entity3610 :: ('MESH:D011085', 'Disease') :: ['polycystic ovary syndrome', 'hyperandrogenism or polycystic ovaries']

entities_list: @entity4082 :: ('MESH:D002996', 'Chemical') :: ['Clomiphene', 'clomiphene']

entities_list: @entity3206 :: ('MESH:D000858', 'Disease') :: ['anovulation']

entities_list: @entity1296 :: ('MESH:D004244', 'Disease') :: ['dizziness']

answer: @entity4082 :: (MESH:D002996,Chemical) :: ['clomiphene']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity27 ( @entity27 ) affects up to 14% of the population. @entity27 is characterized by recurrent @entity27 . The @entity27 index (AHI) is frequently used as a measure of @entity27 severity. In the current study, we explored the acoustic characteristics of @entity387 in order to distinguish it from @entity386 . We hypothesize that we can find audio-based features that can discriminate between @entity386 , @entity387 and normal breathing events. Whole night audio recordings were performed using a non-contact microphone on 44 subjects, simultaneously with the polysomnography study (PSG). Recordings were segmented into 2015 @entity386 , @entity387 , and normal breath events and were divided to design and validation groups. A classification system was built using a 3-class cubic-kernelled support vector machine (SVM) classifier. Its input is a 36-dimensional audio-based feature vector that was extracted from each event. Three-class accuracy rate using the hold-out method was 84.7%. A two-class model to separate apneic events ( @entity386 and @entity387 ) from normal breath exhibited accuracy rate of 94.7%. Here we show that it is possible to detect @entity386 or @entity387 from whole night audio signals. This might provide more insight about a @entity1 's level of upper @entity1224 . This approach may be used for @entity27 severity screening and AHI estimation.

title: Can we discriminate between XXXX and @entity387 using audio signals?

entities_list: @entity387 :: ('MESH:D012891', 'Disease') :: ['hypopneas', 'hypopnea']

entities_list: @entity27 :: ('MESH:D020181', 'Disease') :: ['apnea-hypopnea', 'apneas and hypopneas during sleep', 'Obstructive sleep apnea', 'OSA']

entities_list: @entity1224 :: ('MESH:D000402', 'Disease') :: ['airway obstruction during sleep']

entities_list: @entity386 :: ('MESH:D001049', 'Disease') :: ['apnea', 'apneas']

answer: @entity386 :: (MESH:D001049,Disease) :: ['apnea']


abstract: PURPOSE: Few data are available to compare robotic and laparoscopic techniques for @entity5 resection. This study aimed to compare short-term outcomes with these procedures performed by a single surgeon. METHODS: Using data from a prospective database of all operations performed in our department, we retrospectively analyzed data from 117 robotic and 102 laparoscopic @entity5 resections performed by one surgeon between July 2007 and October 2009. Robotic resection was offered as a treatment option to all @entity1 , and laparoscopic resection was performed for those who refused. This analysis was a case-control study in which @entity1 in the 2 groups were matched according to @entity5 location, staging, age, and gender. RESULTS: A total of 118 @entity1 (59 matched pairs) were included in the study. No differences were found between robotic and laparoscopic resection regarding number of lymph nodes harvested (median, 20; interquartile range, 12-27 vs 21; 14-28; P = .702) or distal resection margin (median, 2.2 cm; interquartile range, 1.5-3.0 cm vs 2.0; 1.2-3.5 cm; P = .865). The circumferential margin was positive ( <= 2 mm) in 1 @entity1 in the robotic group but in none of the laparoscopic group (P > .999). Operating time was longer in the robotic group than in the laparoscopic group (P < .0001). No conversions were necessary in the robotic group, but 2 cases (3.4%) were converted to open surgery in the laparoscopic group (P = .496). No differences were observed between groups regarding postoperative complications. Operative mortality was zero in both groups. During a median follow-up of 15.0 months, 2 cases of distant metastases and 1 case of local recurrence were observed in each group. CONCLUSIONS: Robotic @entity5 resection can be safely performed by experienced laparoscopic surgeons, with acceptable short-term outcomes comparable to those for laparoscopic resection.

title: Robotic vs laparoscopic resection of XXXX : short-term outcomes of a case-control study.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'rectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['rectal cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Activation of @entity6438 -9 has been linked to the pathogenesis of @entity792 such as @entity309 , @entity1252 , and @entity1569 . Thus, therapeutic applications of antagonists of these TLRs for such disorders are being investigated. @entity1749 (Velcade) is a proteasome inhibitor known to suppress activation of these TLRs. To identify novel @entity6438 -9 inhibitors, we searched the Gene Expression Omnibus database for gene expression profiles of @entity1749 -treated cells. These profiles were then used to screen the Connectivity Map database for chemical compounds with similar functions as @entity1749 . A natural antibiotic, @entity6547 , was identified for study. Similar to @entity1749 , @entity6547 effectively inhibits @entity6438 -9 activation in cell-based assays and in dendritic cells. In contrast to @entity1749 , @entity6547 does not inhibit NF-kB activation induced by @entity310 , IL-1, and other TLRs, and it is less cytotoxic to dendritic cells. @entity6547 inhibits @entity6801 localization in endosomes for activation via two mechanisms, which distinguish it from currently used @entity6438 -9 inhibitors. One mechanism is similar to the proteasome inhibitory function of @entity1749 , whereas the other is through inhibition of endosomal acidification. Accordingly, in different animal models, @entity6547 attenuated @entity14695 - and imiquimod-induced @entity1569 -like @entity32 . These results indicated that @entity6547 is a novel @entity6438 -9 inhibitor, and compared with @entity1749 , its inhibitory effect is more specific to these TLRs, suggesting the potential therapeutic applications of @entity6547 on @entity1200 elicited by inappropriate activation of @entity6438 -9.

title: Identification of @entity6547 as a Novel Inhibitor for Psoriasis-like @entity32 Induced by XXXX -9.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1569 :: ('MESH:D011565', 'Disease') :: ['psoriasis']

entities_list: @entity1252 :: ('MESH:D008180', 'Disease') :: ['systemic lupus erythematosus']

entities_list: @entity1200 :: ('MESH:D007154', 'Disease') :: ['immunologic disorders']

entities_list: @entity1749 :: ('MESH:C400082', 'Chemical') :: ['bortezomib', 'Bortezomib']

entities_list: @entity6547 :: ('MESH:D013883', 'Chemical') :: ['thiostrepton', 'Thiostrepton']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune diseases']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']

answer: @entity6438 :: (51284,Gene) :: ['TLR7']


abstract: @entity1 chaperonin homolog ( @entity11217 ) was purified from porcine livers cytosol using a tandem @entity855 -Sepharose column and Mono Q column chromatography. A partial @entity535 sequence (96 @entity535 residues) of this protein was determined and coincided with those of @entity1 @entity11217 with 96.9% homology, which was deduced from the @entity377 sequence of the cDNA. The sequence of the @entity2733 termini of the purified protein (5 @entity535 residues) coincided with the signal sequence of @entity11217 . These facts led to the identification of the 60-kDa liver protein with the chaperonin homolog. @entity9796 reductase was able to form a stable complex with the liver chaperonin homolog. The liver chaperonin homolog was detected by at least five spots around pI = 5.6 on two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Immunoblotting studies using an antibody against chaperonin homolog showed that the chaperonin homolog was localized in the cytosol, mitochondrial, and nuclear fractions of porcine liver. The chaperonin homolog was localized both in the mitochondria and cytoplasm of @entity35 kidneys at the electron microscopic level. The chaperonin homolog in the cytosol, but not in the other subcellular fractions, was cross-reacted with an antibody against the synthetic peptide corresponding to the signal peptide of @entity11217 as well as the purified chaperonin homolog on immunoblotting. These results suggested that the functional chaperonin homolog in the cytosol may be transported into the mitochondria and the protein may be processed to mitochondrial @entity11217 in the organella.

title: XXXX 60-kDa stress protein (chaperonin homolog). Identification, biochemical properties, and localization.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'Mammalian']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity377 :: ('CHEBI:36976', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotide']

entities_list: @entity9796 :: ('MESH:C010920', 'Chemical') :: ['Dihydrofolate']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Mammalian']


abstract: Few detailed studies have examined the long-term outcome of complex partial @entity410 (CPS) in @entity1 and adolescents. Previous studies have selected @entity1 on clinical criteria only or have included those with benign focal @entity302 of childhood, nonepileptiform sharp transients, and generalized @entity302 . We have followed up 29 @entity1 with clinically and electroencephalographically defined CPS of childhood onset for five years or more. Twelve @entity1 are @entity410 free, eight of them after having @entity302 surgery. Of the remaining, eight @entity1 have intractable @entity410 . Only one @entity1 was able to discontinue anticonvulsant therapy after @entity302 surgery. No @entity1 had spontaneous remission of @entity410 without anticonvulsant medications. School difficulties, behavior problems, and unemployment were seen in half the group. We believe CPS in this age group are difficult to control and need aggressive management. In selected @entity1 , @entity302 surgery offers a good chance of @entity410 control and improvement of educational, social, and vocational potential.

title: Complex partial XXXX of childhood onset. A five-year follow-up study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'seizures']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy', 'epileptiform discharges']

answer: @entity410 :: (MESH:D012640,Disease) :: ['seizures']


abstract: The prognostic value of visceral @entity456 in lung @entity3 was analysed. Fifty-two @entity1 (32 males and 20 females) were operated on for lung metastases. The locations of the primary @entity5 were as follows: 19 colon, 10 kidneys, 8 @entity320 , 3 breast, 3 bladder, 2 uterus, 2 @entity421 , 1 testis, and 1 parotid, 1 haemangiopericytoma, 1 thyroid gland and 1 larynx. Explorative thoracotomies and incomplete resections were excluded from the study. @entity1143 was present in 20 of the 52 cases. There was a significant correlation between the occurrence of @entity456 and multiple lesions (P=0.019). The overall five-year survival rate was 33.6%. In a subgroup of 38 @entity1 with N0 and single metastases, the five-year survival rate was 73% and 12% in the cases without and with visceral @entity456 , respectively (P=0.003). Multivariate analysis of @entity456 , lymph node @entity3 , multiple lesions and DFI revealed that only @entity456 (P=0.003) had a significant impact on survival. In one-third of the pulmonary metastases, visceral @entity456 appeared. There was a significant correlation between the occurrence of visceral @entity456 and multiple lesions. @entity1143 in lung @entity3 is a negative prognostic factor, and in these cases, survival was significantly reduced.

title: XXXX as a negative prognostic factor in lung @entity3 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1143 :: ('MESH:D010996', 'Disease') :: ['Visceral pleural infiltration']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours']

entities_list: @entity421 :: ('MESH:D012516', 'Disease') :: ['osteosarcomas']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanomas']

entities_list: @entity456 :: ('MESH:D010995', 'Disease') :: ['pleural infiltration']

answer: @entity1143 :: (MESH:D010996,Disease) :: ['Visceral pleural infiltration']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the full panoramic view with figuring of the morphology and topography of the @entity1 tympanic annulus. STUDY DESIGN: Postmortem material analysis. SETTING: University-affiliated hospital. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Twenty-three single, normal @entity1 adult tympanic membranes were completely extracted from @entity406 -fixed temporal bones. They were faced medially and placed at the same level of a graph paper mounted on a board. High-quality images of the tissue preparations were taken, and computer-aided measurements of the annular caliber were calculated at nine reference points. The 6 o'clock direction served as a midpoint, and another four reference points were set anteriorly and posteriorly in clockwise and counterclockwise directions. RESULTS: The annulus has a horseshoe-like shape with a small part absent above the neck of the malleus. The maximal mean caliber at the @entity2270 (6 o'clock direction) was 748 +/- 201 mum. The annulus gradually thins out almost symmetrically anteriorly and posteriorly, until it reaches about 15 percent of the maximal caliber at its end points (152 +/- 87 and 113 +/- 42 mum, respectively). Significant differences were found between adjacent reference points on both anterior and posterior sides. CONCLUSIONS: The annulus has a horseshoe-like shape and gradually thins out almost symmetrically, reaching anteriorly and posteriorly about 15 percent of the maximal caliber at the @entity2270 . These new data may provide guidance in transcanal middle ear exploration and suggest the possibility of varied functions attributable to the annulus regarding middle ear sound transmission and TM vibratory properties. The data may contribute to understanding the development of marginal perforations and posterior superior retraction pockets.

title: Morphology of the XXXX tympanic membrane annulus.

entities_list: @entity2270 :: ('MESH:C566610', 'Disease') :: ['manubrial axis']

entities_list: @entity406 :: ('MESH:D005557', 'Chemical') :: ['formalin']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the development of functional @entity717 in early @entity309 ( @entity309 ). METHODS: Sixty-three @entity1 with definite @entity309 with mean disease duration of about 1 year were followed for 5 years. @entity32 was evaluated with an active joint count, and radiographic changes in hands and feet with the Larsen method. Functional impairment of @entity2720 was assessed with a performance index, Signals of Functional Impairment Index, and disability with the @entity283 ( @entity283 ). RESULTS: During the observation time the disease activity decreased, and the radiographic changes of hands and feet increased significantly. Joint replacement in 10 hips, 1 knee, and 1 shoulder were performed in 9 @entity1 after median 43 months. At study start almost half the @entity1 had @entity73 , mostly affecting finger flexion and pincer grip. The most marked @entity810 had occurred already after 2 years in @entity2720 (55%), @entity2720 (35%), @entity3681 (30%), shoulder joints (28%), and @entity572 (25%). The median @entity283 level at study start was 0.8, and the median change of @entity283 over 5 years was 0.1. (not significant). The progression of dysfunction was not linear but followed a highly variable course over the years. @entity1 with higher @entity283 scores at study end could be correctly classified in 75% of the cases by the 3 factors, baseline @entity283 score, female sex, and a low educational level. Presence of a replaced joint did not contribute significantly, but @entity1 with joint replacement tended to be more disabled. CONCLUSION: Functional outcome of @entity309 after about 6 years of disease was fairly good. Functional impairment of different joints had progressed, but most @entity1 were still mildly disabled. A subgroup of 9 @entity1 had a @entity66 with rapidly progressing large joint destruction.

title: Functional XXXX in early @entity309 --development over 5 years.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['Joint inflammation']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['worse disease course']

entities_list: @entity283 :: ('OMIM:603663', 'Disease') :: ['HAQ', 'Health Assessment Questionnaire']

entities_list: @entity3681 :: ('MESH:D016512', 'Disease') :: ['ankle joints']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['impaired hand function']

entities_list: @entity572 :: ('MESH:D006617', 'Disease') :: ['hip joints']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['deterioration of joint function']

entities_list: @entity2720 :: ('MESH:D007592', 'Disease') :: ['metatarsophalangeal joints', 'particular joint systems', 'elbow joints']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['impairment and disability']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA']

answer: @entity717 :: (MESH:D009069,Disease) :: ['impairment and disability']


abstract: @entity1669 was induced in female PVG/c @entity35 by neonatal thymectomy, followed by sublethal, whole body x-irradiation. Disease development, assessed by histological evidence of @entity1669 and circulating levels of anti-thyroglobulin antibodies, was reduced significantly by a 3-week course of @entity1140 (0.5 or 1.5 mg/kg per day) commencing after the detection of autoantibody production. Thyroid-infiltrating mononuclear cells (MNC) in untreated @entity35 stained predominantly for @entity11264 + and MHC class II antigen which was expressed widely on dendritic cells. Fewer infiltrating cells expressed @entity11969 /beta, @entity18895 , CD8 or LFA-1 beta. @entity1590 ( @entity1590 ) was observed on MNC, vascular endothelial cells and a minority of residual thyroid epithelial cells. @entity1140 administration reduced markedly the incidence of infiltrating @entity11969 /beta +, @entity18895 +, @entity11264 +, CD8+, and LFA-1 beta + cells and the expression both of MHC class II antigens and @entity1590 on MNC, endothelial cells and thyrocytes. Compared with normal PVG/c @entity35 , there were reduced incidences of @entity11264 + CD8- and @entity11264 - CD8+ lymphocytes and an elevation in the @entity11264 +/CD8+ cell ratio in the spleens of animals with @entity1669 . These changes were partially reversed by @entity1140 . Systemic drug levels estimated by enzyme immunosorbent assay were in excess of those known to blockade cytokine production by @entity11264 + T lymphocytes in vitro and some evidence of @entity8 was observed. The results are consistent with a therapeutic effect of @entity1140 mediated via interference with @entity11264 + T lymphocyte function and adhesion molecule-dependent cytotoxic effector mechanisms.

title: Suppression of @entity1669 by XXXX : influence on thyroid-infiltrating cells, adhesion molecule expression and anti-thyroglobulin antibody production.

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['minor renal dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1669 :: ('MESH:D013967', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune thyroiditis', 'Autoimmune thyroid disease', 'lymphocytic thyroiditis']

entities_list: @entity1590 :: ('25464(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['ICAM-1', 'Intercellular adhesion molecule-1']

answer: @entity1140 :: (MESH:D016559,Chemical) :: ['FK 506']


abstract: This study is devoted to a series of 30 anatomical cases of @entity339 . The left atrium was dilated in 5 cases and @entity2150 in 25. The interatrial ostium was small in 50% of the hearts. Left atrio-ventricular concordance was present in 29 cases, as against 1 case of discordance. There was no atrio-ventricular connection in 29 cases, and the mitral valve was imperforate in 1 case. Connections between the tricuspid valve and the main ventricle were normal in 26 hearts. The tricuspid valve straddled the septum in 4 cases. Five hearts had two ventricles, 25 had a single ventricle. Nine hearts showed no ventriculo-atrial @entity1146 . The main vessels were normally located in 1 case, transposed in 2 and originated in the right ventricle in 2 cases; in the 5 hearts with single ventricle the two main vessels arose from the main cavity. Seventeen hearts had an @entity886 and a @entity2150 ascending aorta; the pulmonary artery arose from the right ventricle in 1 case and from the main chamber of a single ventricle heart in 15 cases. The pulmonary valve was atresic and the aorta arose from the main chamber of a single ventricle heart in 4 cases.

title: [Mitral XXXX . Anatomical aspects].

entities_list: @entity2150 :: ('MESH:D000741', 'Disease') :: ['hypoplastic']

entities_list: @entity886 :: ('MESH:C563178', 'Disease') :: ['atresic aortic valve']

entities_list: @entity339 :: ('MESH:D008944', 'Disease') :: ['mitral atresia']

answer: @entity1146 :: (MESH:D018633,Disease) :: ['atresia']


abstract: PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To describe recent evidence from the literature pertaining to @entity4932 ( @entity4932 )-associated @entity1596 . RECENT FINDINGS: @entity1596 is most common in extended oligoarticular @entity4932 . A significant number of @entity1 already have @entity2194 at time of diagnosis of @entity1596 . Risk factors for complications include either abnormally high or @entity2790 , posterior synechiae, male sex, temporal proximity to diagnosis of @entity625 and topical corticosteroid use. Use of immunosuppressive agents significantly reduces @entity2194 . @entity146 perioperative control of @entity32 is necessary for successful @entity231 surgery with lens implantation. Controlled clinical trials are under way to assess the efficacy of biologic agents in @entity4932 -associated @entity1596 . Long-term safety, however, is still unknown. SUMMARY: @entity4932 -associated @entity1596 carries significant ocular morbidity that lasts well into adulthood. Treatment with immunosuppressive agents can reduce the risk of @entity2194 . Biologic agents hold promise in the treatment of @entity4932 -associated @entity1596 , but require long-term data to assess their safety.

title: Juvenile idiopathic XXXX -associated @entity1596 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['intraocular inflammation']

entities_list: @entity2194 :: ('MESH:D005128', 'Disease') :: ['ocular complications']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['arthritis']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['Aggressive']

entities_list: @entity1596 :: ('MESH:D014605', 'Disease') :: ['Uveitis', 'uveitis']

entities_list: @entity4932 :: ('MESH:D001171', 'Disease') :: ['JIA', 'juvenile idiopathic arthritis']

entities_list: @entity2790 :: ('MESH:D009798', 'Disease') :: ['low intraocular pressure']

answer: @entity625 :: (MESH:D001168,Disease) :: ['arthritis']


abstract: PURPOSE: To compare the efficacy of ureteroscopy and @entity1457 ( @entity1457 ) in treating @entity1607 and evaluate the best treatment alternative for this disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 104 @entity1 with @entity1607 requiring surgical intervention were enrolled and observed in a prospective follow-up. For @entity1457 , a Modulix SLX Storz lithotriptor was used and for ureteroscopy, a Storz 33 cm semi-rigid ureteroscope with a diameter of 7,5 to 9,5 french and a 6-degree optic. Out of the @entity1 total, 54 @entity1 underwent @entity1457 and 50 underwent ureteroscopy. 62 @entity1 were @entity1 and 42 @entity1 ; mean age in the @entity1457 group was 49.72, and in the ureteroscopy group, 52,16. Mean calculus size for @entity1457 was 8.29 mm and 8,96 mm for ureteroscopy. A P< .05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: Mean procedure time for @entity1457 was 55 minutes in @entity1 and 45 minutes in @entity1 . For ureteroscopy, procedure time was 80 minutes for @entity1 and 55 minutes for @entity1 . For @entity1457 , the mean hospital stay was 4.8 hours (same-day discharge for all @entity1 ). Mean hospital stay for ureteroscopy @entity1 was 22 hours. 7% of @entity1457 @entity1 experienced @entity532 compared with 7.9% of those undergoing ureteroscopy. At the 30-day follow up, 74.3% of @entity1457 @entity1 were stone free, while 92,3% of the ureteroscopy @entity1 were stone free (P< .05). CONCLUSIONS: Based on the results of this study, ureteroscopy is a better method for treating @entity1607 because of its stone free rates and because the difference in complication rates was not significant.

title: [Prospective trial comparing shock wave lithotripsy and ureteroscopy for management of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1457 :: ('MESH:D012769', 'Disease') :: ['ESWL', 'extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy']

entities_list: @entity532 :: ('MESH:D003925', 'Disease') :: ['complications']

entities_list: @entity1607 :: ('MESH:D014514', 'Disease') :: ['distal ureteral calculi']

answer: @entity1607 :: (MESH:D014514,Disease) :: ['distal ureteral calculi']


abstract: Between 1962 and 1981, 37 @entity1 with histologically proved @entity2946 were treated at the Radiologic Hospital and the @entity1 's Hospital of the University of M  nster. Because of the inadequate treatment over this long period, the collective was divided into three groups. The first group comprised 18 @entity1 , 15 of whom died after having been operated, so that they could not be submitted to a sufficient radiotherapy. Two @entity1 were unconscious when admitted; they died without therapy. One @entity1 was submitted to a primary palliative irradiation with 10 Gy. The second group comprised seven @entity1 who received only a postoperative irradiation of the skull. One of these @entity1 is alive since 228 months without any recurrence. The other six @entity1 had an average survival time of 9,2 months. The third group comprises twelve @entity1 who were submitted to an irradiation of the skull and an additional irradiation of the whole cerebrospinal axis. Nine of these twelve @entity1 were also treated by chemotherapy according to the SIOP scheme. Their average survival time is 28,4 months. Five @entity1 are still alive and have no recurrences or @entity3 . The best survival chances actually seem to be provided by a radiotherapy of the whole cerebrospinal axis combined with chemotherapy.

title: [Therapy and prognosis of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Children', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2946 :: ('MESH:D008527', 'Disease') :: ['medulloblastomas']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

answer: @entity2946 :: (MESH:D008527,Disease) :: ['medulloblastoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Higher notification rates of sexually transmissible infections (STIs) are reported among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander (Aboriginal) compared with non-Aboriginal @entity1 in Australia. The aim of this study is to estimate the pooled prevalence of @entity1047 , gonorrhoea, syphilis and trichomonas among Aboriginal @entity1 in Australia by sex, age-group, setting (clinic vs population/community-based) and population group [adults, pregnant females, young @entity1 (12-29 years) and prisoners]. The databases Medline, PubMed and Web of Science were searched in May 2015. A meta-analysis was conducted to estimate the pooled prevalence of the four STIs in Aboriginal @entity1 and if possible, by gender, age-group, setting and population group. A total of 46 studies were included. The pooled prevalence was 11.2% (95%CI: 9.4-13.0%) for @entity1047 (36 studies), 12.5% (95%CI: 10.5-14.6%) for gonorrhoea (28 studies), 16.8% (95%CI: 11.0-22.6%) for syphilis (13 studies) and 22.6% (95%CI: 18.5-26.7%) for trichomonas (11 studies); however, there was significant heterogeneity between studies (I2 <97.5%, P < 0.01). In the subgroup analysis, a higher pooled prevalence occurred in females than males for @entity1047 (12.7% vs 7.7%) and gonorrhoea (10.7% vs 8.1%). The prevalence of @entity1047 was 12.4% in clinic-based compared with 4.3% in population-based studies. The highest pooled prevalence by population group was among pregnant females (16.8%) and young @entity1 (16.2%) for @entity1047 , pregnant females (25.2%) for trichomonas; and young @entity1 for gonorrhoea (11.9%). This review highlights the need to decrease the prevalence of STIs among Aboriginal @entity1 through community-based programs that target asymptomatic young @entity1 .

title: Prevalence of XXXX , gonorrhoea, syphilis and trichomonas in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity1047 :: ('MESH:D002690', 'Disease') :: ['chlamydia']

answer: @entity1047 :: (MESH:D002690,Disease) :: ['chlamydia']


abstract: Insulin binding to isolated cardiac myocytes from normal and @entity3839 -induced @entity6 @entity35 was investigated. We found that at high affinity sites, the maximum numbers of insulin binding sites per cell are 33 000 and 22 000 for normal and @entity6 myocytes, respectively with no discernible difference in receptor affinity. However, since the yield of myocytes from the @entity6 heart was only 1/3 of the normal heart, it is suspected that the insulin function in the @entity6 heart may be significantly lower than that in the normal heart. @entity503 was found to markedly decrease insulin degradation with concomitant increase in net insulin uptake by isolated myocytes. This suggests that insulin degradation may take place within lysosomes after insulin is internalized. To determine whether internalization of insulin in myocytes is an energy dependent process, insulin binding and subsequent degradation were assessed in cells depleted of @entity855 by treatment with various metabolic inhibitors ( @entity3212 , @entity7034 and @entity13638 ). Depletion of the cellular @entity855 level resulted in a decrease in both insulin uptake and degradation. In @entity6 myocytes, the general relationship between cellular @entity855 level and insulin uptake and degradation was similar to that found in normal myocytes. However, in @entity6 myocytes, the cellular @entity855 level and insulin uptake were lower, but insulin degradation was greater than in normal myocytes. Insulin uptake by normal and @entity855 depleted cells at 4 degrees C (16 h) was lower than at 37 degrees C (1 h), while the @entity855 level was almost the same at both temperatures. This suggests that the internalization of insulin is a temperature as well as an @entity855 dependent process.

title: Energy dependent insulin binding, internalization and degradation in isolated cardiac myocytes from normal and @entity6 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic']

entities_list: @entity13638 :: ('MESH:D019807', 'Chemical') :: ['iodoacetic acid']

entities_list: @entity3839 :: ('MESH:D013311', 'Chemical') :: ['streptozotocin']

entities_list: @entity3212 :: ('MESH:D019297', 'Chemical') :: ['2,4-dinitrophenol']

entities_list: @entity503 :: ('MESH:D002738', 'Chemical') :: ['Chloroquine']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Clinical characteristics of @entity1 diagnosed to have @entity401 ( @entity401 ) were evaluated in this study. DESIGN AND SETTING: Retrospective evaluation, a tertiary care center in South India. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Subjects diagnosed to have @entity401 over a five-year period were included in this study. Data pertained to clinical characteristics and lab parameters were obtained. STATISTICAL CONSIDERATIONS: t- test for Mean values and chi-square test for comparing proportions were used. RESULTS: There were 73 eligible @entity1 included for evaluation. Secondary cause for @entity401 was diagnosed in 40 (55%) and @entity2416 ( @entity2416 ) was diagnosed in 33 (45%). The mean age was 45+/-11 and 53+/-10 years, of these 5 (12%) and 17 (52%) were male subjects in the secondary @entity401 and @entity2416 group respectively. The mean age, dyspnoea, cough, clubbing and crepitations were noted to be higher in @entity1 with @entity2416 as compared to @entity1 with secondary @entity401 . Fifty @entity1 were followed up for a mean of 13 months (28 secondary @entity401 and 18 @entity2416 ). Follow up data was available in 46 @entity1 . Of these subjects @entity229 alone was initiated in 24 subjects and combination with @entity500 in 22. Subjective improvement in symptoms was noted in 29/46 (63%), 19 with secondary @entity401 and 10 with @entity2416 . CONCLUSION: symptoms and signs were noted more frequently with @entity2416 , subjective improvement to treatment was noted in 63% and the best response was noted among @entity1 diagnosed to have @entity370 . A prospective trial is needed to study the long term prognosis and therapeutic response among Indian @entity1 .

title: A comparative study on XXXX and secondary diffuse parenchymal lung disease.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity500 :: ('MESH:D001379', 'Chemical') :: ['azathioprine']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity2416 :: ('MESH:D054990', 'Disease') :: ['IPF', 'idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity401 :: ('MESH:D017563', 'Disease') :: ['Diffuse parenchymal lung disease', 'DPLD']

entities_list: @entity370 :: ('MESH:D012507', 'Disease') :: ['sarcoidosis']

answer: @entity2416 :: (MESH:D054990,Disease) :: ['idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis']


abstract: This study examined the effect of supplementing exogenous cellulase on nutrient and energy utilization. Twelve desexed Boer crossbred @entity1237 were used in a replicated 3*3 Latin square design with 23-d periods. Dietary treatments were basal diet (control, no cellulase), basal diet plus 2 g unitary cellulase/kg of total mixed ration @entity62 ( @entity62 ), and basal diet plus 2 g compound cellulase/kg of total mixed ration @entity62 . Three stages of feeding trials were used corresponding to the three treatments, each comprised 23 d, with the first 14 d as the preliminary period and the following 9 d as formal trial period for metabolism trial. Total collection of feces and urine were conducted from the 4th d of the formal trial, and gas exchange measures were determined in indirect respiratory chambers in the last 3 d of the formal trial. Results showed that cellulase addition had no effect (p>0.05) on nutrient digestibility. Dietary supplementation of cellulase did not affect (p>0.05) N intake and retention in @entity1237 . Gross energy (GE) intake, fecal energy and urinary energy excretion, heat production were not affected (p>0.05) by the cellulase supplementation. Total @entity577 emission (g/d), @entity578 emission as a proportion of live weight or feed intake ( @entity62 , organic matter [OM], digestible @entity62 or digestible OM), or @entity578 energy output (CH4-E) as a proportion of energy intake (GE, digestible energy, or metabolizable energy), were similar (p>0.05) among treatments. There was a significant (p<0.001) relationship between @entity578 and live weight (y = 0.645x+0.2, R(2) = 0.54), @entity578 and @entity62 intake (y = 16.7x+1.4, R(2) = 0.51), @entity578 and OM intake (y = 18.8x+1.3, R(2) = 0.51) and CH4-E and GE intake. Results from this study revealed that dietary supplementation of cellulase may have no effect on nutrient digestibility, @entity1568 retention, energy metabolism, and @entity577 emission in @entity1237 .

title: Effects of Cellulase Supplementation on Nutrient Digestibility, Energy Utilization and XXXX Emission by Boer Crossbred @entity1237 .

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen']

entities_list: @entity577 :: ('MESH:D008697', 'Chemical') :: ['methane']

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['DM', 'dry matter']

answer: @entity577 :: (MESH:D008697,Chemical) :: ['Methane']


abstract: RATIONALE: The placebo effect is a fascinating yet puzzling phenomenon, which has challenged investigators over the past 50 years. In previous studies, the investigators only focused on the placebo effect obtained within a single domain, and @entity158 is the field in which most of the placebo research has been performed. However, recent research by our laboratory (Zhang and Luo in Psychophysiology 46:626-634, 2009; Zhang et al. 2011) showed that, in @entity1 subjects, the placebo effect can be transferred from one domain to the other, namely from @entity158 . OBJECTIVES: The scope of this study was to investigate whether placebo analgesia could affect the @entity146 in @entity19 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Female C57/BL6 @entity19 were trained to associate the context cue with @entity158 tolerance via a set of procedures. Then the forced swim test and tail suspension test were used to measure the depressive-like behaviors on the test day. Plasma concentrations of @entity11982 (ACTH) and @entity2819 were also detected. RESULTS: Our results showed that the placebo analgesia, which was established by a set of procedures in @entity19 , was transferable and could produce a significant antidepressant effect on depressive test. Plasma levels of @entity2819 and ACTH further proved that the placebo analgesia that was established from @entity158 -reducing training not only induced a significant placebo effect on @entity158 , but also decreased significantly the @entity774 ( @entity774 ) response to stress and produced a stress-alleviating effect. CONCLUSIONS: These data show that placebo analgesia affects the behavioral despair tests and hormonal secretions in @entity19 .

title: Placebo analgesia affects the behavioral despair tests and hormonal secretions in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity11982 :: ('18976(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['adrenocorticotropic hormone']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['depressive behavior']

entities_list: @entity2819 :: ('MESH:D003345', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosterone']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain to emotion', 'elevated pain', 'pain']

entities_list: @entity774 :: ('MESH:D000312', 'Disease') :: ['HPA', 'hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity818 wild type (IDHwt) anaplastic astrocytomas WHO grade III (AA III) are associated with poor outcome. To address the possibilities of molecular subsets among @entity816 or of diagnostic reclassification, we analyzed a series of 160 adult IDHwt @entity5 comprising 120 AA III and 40 diffuse astrocytomas WHO grade II (A II) for molecular hallmark alterations and established methylation and copy number profiles. Based on molecular profiles and hallmark alterations the @entity5 could be grouped into four major sets. 124/160 (78  %) @entity5 were diagnosed as the molecular equivalent of conventional @entity463 ( @entity463 ), and 15/160 (9  %) as @entity463 - @entity8549 mutated ( @entity463 -H3). 13/160 (8  %) exhibited a distinct methylation profile that was most similar to @entity463 -H3-K27, however, lacked the @entity8549 mutation. This group was enriched for @entity5 of infratentorial and midline localization and showed a trend towards a more favorable prognosis. All but one of the 120 IDHwt AA III could be assigned to these three groups. 7 @entity5 recruited from the 40 A II, comprised a variety of molecular signatures and all but one were reclassified into distinct WHO entities of lower grades. Interestingly, @entity2215 mutations were exclusively restricted to the molecular @entity463 (78  %) and associated with poor clinical outcome. However, the @entity463 -H3 group lacking @entity2215 mutations appeared to fare even worse. Our data demonstrate that most of the @entity5 diagnosed as @entity816 can be allocated to other @entity5 entities on a molecular basis. The diagnosis of IDHwt diffuse @entity816 or @entity816 should be used with caution.

title: Adult @entity818 wild XXXX biologically and clinically resolve into other @entity5 entities.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity816 :: ('MESH:D001254', 'Disease') :: ['IDHwt astrocytomas', 'anaplastic astrocytoma', 'astrocytoma']

entities_list: @entity463 :: ('MESH:D005909', 'Disease') :: ['GBM', 'glioblastoma']

answer: @entity816 :: (MESH:D001254,Disease) :: ['type astrocytomas']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To date @entity3440 nanoparticles (SNPs) play an important role in modern technology and nanomedicine. SNPs are present in various materials (tyres, electrical and thermal insulation material, photovoltaic facilities). They are also used in products that are directly exposed to @entity1 such as cosmetics or toothpaste. For that reason it is of great concern to evaluate the possible hazards of these engineered particles for @entity1 health. Attention should primarily be focussed on SNP effects on biological barriers. Accidentally released SNP could, for example, encounter the alveolar-capillary barrier by inhalation. In this study we examined the inflammatory and cytotoxic responses of monodisperse amorphous @entity3440 nanoparticles (aSNPs) of 30 nm in size on an in vitro coculture model mimicking the alveolar-capillary barrier and compared these to conventional monocultures. METHODS: Thus, the epithelial cell line, H441, and the endothelial cell line, ISO-HAS-1, were used in monoculture and in coculture on opposite sides of a filter membrane. @entity137 was evaluated by the MTS assay, detection of membrane integrity (LDH release), and TER (Transepithelial Electrical Resistance) measurement. Additionally, parameters of @entity32 (sICAM-1, @entity650 and @entity687 release) and apoptosis markers were investigated. RESULTS: Regarding toxic effects (viability, membrane integrity, TER) the coculture model was less sensitive to apical aSNP exposure than the conventional monocultures of the appropriate cells. On the other hand, the in vitro coculture model responded with the release of inflammatory markers in a much more sensitive fashion than the conventional monoculture. At concentrations that were 10-100fold less than the toxic concentrations the apically exposed coculture showed a release of @entity650 and @entity687 to the basolateral side. This may mimic the early inflammatory events that take place in the pulmonary alveoli after aSNP inhalation. Furthermore, a number of apoptosis markers belonging to the intrinsic pathway were upregulated in the coculture following aSNP treatment. Analysis of the individual markers indicated that the cells suffered from DNA damage, @entity519 and ER-stress. CONCLUSION: We present evidence that our in vitro coculture model of the alveolar-capillary barrier is clearly advantageous compared to conventional monocultures in evaluating the extent of damage caused by hazardous material encountering the principle biological barrier in the lower respiratory tract.

title: Inflammatory and cytotoxic responses of an alveolar-capillary coculture model to XXXX nanoparticles: comparison with conventional monocultures.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['Cytotoxicity']

answer: @entity3440 :: (MESH:D012822,Chemical) :: ['silica']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare interval @entity0 rates (ICR) between a biennial organized screening programme in Norway and annual opportunistic screening in North Carolina (NC) for different conceptualizations of @entity5 . SETTING: Two regions with different screening practices and performance. METHODS: 620,145 subsequent screens (1996-2002) performed in @entity1 aged 50-69 and 1280 interval @entity5 were analysed. Various definitions and quantification methods for interval @entity5 were compared. RESULTS: ICR for one year follow-up were lower in Norway compared with NC both when the rate was based on all screens (0.54 versus 1.29 per 1000 screens), negative final assessments (0.54 versus 1.29 per 1000 screens), and negative screening assessments (0.53 versus 1.28 per 1000 screens). The rate of @entity513 in situ was significantly lower in Norway than in NC for cases diagnosed in both the first and second year after screening. The distributions of histopathological @entity5 size and lymph node involvement in invasive cases did not differ between the two regions for interval @entity5 diagnosed during the first year after screening. In contrast, in the second year after screening, @entity5 characteristics remained stable in Norway but became prognostically more favorable in NC. CONCLUSION: Even when applying a common set of @entity5 , the ICR was lower in Norway than in NC. Different @entity5 did not influence the ICR within Norway or NC. Organization of screening and screening performance might be major contributors to the differences in ICR between Norway and NC.

title: Comparing interval XXXX rates in Norway and North Carolina: results and challenges.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'definitions of interval cancer', 'interval cancer', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity513 :: ('MESH:D044584', 'Disease') :: ['ductal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: This study aimed to report an outbreak of early-onset @entity3225 caused by Fusarium species following @entity231 surgery. METHODS: The study was designed retrospectively to review microbiologic and medical records of eight cases of @entity3225 caused by Fusarium species after @entity231 surgery performed in the same operating room and on the same date by different surgeons at Beyo  lu Eye Training and Research Hospital in Istanbul, @entity233 . Seven @entity1 had phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation surgery. Intracapsular @entity231 extraction was performed in one @entity1 . The common feature of these surgeries was the use of intracameral injections of @entity2261 (1 mg in 0.1-ml balanced salt solution-BSS) solutions, which were preoperatively prepared from the same BSS bottle. RESULTS: The duration between @entity231 surgery and the diagnosis of @entity3225 was four days. Aqueous and vitreous specimens obtained from the @entity1 grew fungus colonies that were identified according to their morphologic features and considered to be @entity10437 . All @entity1 underwent multiple vitrectomies with @entity1346 oil injections. @entity1 were given local and systemic antifungal agents ( @entity2379 and @entity5074 ). One @entity1 with corneal involvement underwent evisceration despite a variety of treatments. One @entity1 with unregulated @entity6 was prephthisic without recurrence of @entity281 . The final visual acuity of @entity1 was between light perception and 20/100. CONCLUSION: Fusarium should be considered in the differential diagnosis of early-onset @entity3225 after @entity231 surgery. An aggressive treatment with local and systemic antifungal agents and multiple vitrectomies with @entity1346 oil injection is helpful in the management of postoperative early-onset @entity3225 . In the prevention of such outbreaks, it is important to use solutions prepared differently for each @entity1 .

title: An outbreak of early-onset @entity3225 caused by Fusarium species following XXXX surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2261 :: ('MESH:D002444', 'Chemical') :: ['cefuroxime']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

entities_list: @entity2379 :: ('MESH:D000666', 'Chemical') :: ['amphotericin B']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity10437 :: ('169388', 'Species') :: ['Fusarium solani']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity1346 :: ('MESH:D012828', 'Chemical') :: ['silicone']

entities_list: @entity5074 :: ('MESH:C102790', 'Chemical') :: ['voriconazole']

entities_list: @entity3225 :: ('MESH:D009877', 'Disease') :: ['endophthalmitis', 'Fusarium endophthalmitis']

answer: @entity231 :: (MESH:D002386,Disease) :: ['cataract']


abstract: The addition of @entity6137 to @entity95 neutrophils causes cell acidification and increases the amount of actin associated with the cytoskeleton. Both responses are rapid, and while the cell acidification is somewhat long-lasting, the increase in cytoskeletal actin is transient. It reaches a maximum value within 15 seconds and then returns to the basal level. Unlike @entity5037 , however, @entity6137 does not cause a rise in the intracellular concentration of free @entity460 . Pretreatment of the cells with pertussis toxin inhibits the @entity6137 -produced increase in cytoskeletal actin but not the decrease in intracellular pH. However, the rate of return to the base line of the cell acidification produced by @entity6137 is diminished in cells pretreated with pertussis toxin. On the other hand, both the decrease in intracellular pH and the increase in cytoskeletal actin produced by @entity5037 are inhibited by pertussis toxin treatment. The results presented here suggest two important points. First, while cell acidification may trigger directly or indirectly the association of actin with the cytoskeleton, it is certainly not sufficient. Second, a functional @entity2774 - @entity377 regulatory protein is required for stimulated cytoskeletal actin. One or more components of the G-protein and/or their effects on phosphoinositide hydrolysis may increase the number of actin monomers and the availability of preexisting actin filaments to these monomers.

title: Intracellular acidification, XXXX - @entity377 binding proteins, and cytoskeletal actin.

entities_list: @entity377 :: ('CHEBI:36976', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotide']

entities_list: @entity5037 :: ('MESH:D009240', 'Chemical') :: ['fMet-Leu-Phe']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity6137 :: ('MESH:C029658', 'Chemical') :: ['propionic acid']

answer: @entity2774 :: (MESH:D006147,Chemical) :: ['guanine']


abstract: Sixty-five @entity1 with @entity5 4-9 cm from the anal margin were treated by rectal resection and direct colo-anal @entity254 . The procedure simultaneously combined abdominal dissection with the @entity1 in the lateral position with a trans-sphincteric approach. In 57 cases a temporary defunctioning colostomy was performed. There were no postoperative deaths. Six @entity1 (9 per cent) developed @entity530 or @entity834 . Faecal continence was normal in 46 of 51 @entity1 (91 per cent) who were operated on at least 1 year previously. The remaining 5 complained of occasional minor soiling. No @entity1 require a permanent colostomy for @entity322 . Of 29 @entity1 treated for potential cure greater than 3 years previously, 24 (82 per cent) were alive without recurrence. Local recurrence occurred in four @entity1 (6 per cent). Direct colo-anal @entity254 using a combined abdominotrans-sphincteric approach has produced good functional results without impairing the @entity1 's life expectancy.

title: Synchronous abdominotrans-sphincteric resection of @entity5 : new technique for direct colo-anal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity834 :: ('MESH:D057868', 'Disease') :: ['anastomotic leakage']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['incontinence']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['low rectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity530 :: ('MESH:D010386', 'Disease') :: ['pelvic sepsis']

answer: @entity254 :: (MESH:C563598,Disease) :: ['anastomosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Scrapie, a @entity1579 ( @entity1579 ) occurring naturally in @entity742 , characteristically shows a severe @entity989 that is well developed in the terminal phases of the disease. In this study, we set out to demonstrate similar retinal changes in our ruminant spiroplasmosis @entity1579 model. PROCEDURE: The eyes from deer, @entity742 , and @entity1237 that were inoculated intracranially with the laboratory strain of spiroplasma (suckling @entity19 @entity231 [SMCA] strain of Spiroplasma mirum) or with Spiroplasma sp. isolated from the brains affected with @entity11506 or with @entity18438 were examined by light microscopy for pathologic changes and by immunocytochemistry for distribution of spiroplasma antigen. The eyes were also obtained from a research flock of @entity742 with terminal @entity11506 , from which the intraocular tissues were submitted aseptically for culture assay in M1D broth or as explants on @entity291 corneal endothelia (BCE). RESULTS: The eyes from the spiroplasmosis ruminant models showed @entity989 remarkably similar to @entity2194 seen in @entity742 with @entity11506 . The spiroplasma antigen accrued in the ruminant model eye tissues, particularly in the retina, the vitreous humor, and the corneal endothelia. A Spiroplasma sp. grew out of the @entity11506 -affected eyes both in the M1D broth and in the BCE cultures but did not expand. These new spiroplasma isolates differed immunologically from SMCA. CONCLUSION: These data showed a clear association of spiroplasma with @entity11506 suggesting that these bacteria have a role in the pathogenesis of @entity1579 and that the eye should be a research focus for future studies of @entity1579 .

title: Spiroplasma found in the eyes of XXXX affected @entity742 .

entities_list: @entity18438 :: ('MESH:D034081', 'Disease') :: ['chronic wasting disease']

entities_list: @entity2194 :: ('MESH:D005128', 'Disease') :: ['eye lesions']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

entities_list: @entity1579 :: ('MESH:D017096', 'Disease') :: ['transmissible spongiform encephalopathy', 'TSE']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['retinopathy']

answer: @entity11506 :: (MESH:D012608,Disease) :: ['scrapie']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To search out independent prognostic factors, including preictal variables for outcome of spontaneous @entity1779 . DESIGN: Prospective follow-up study. @entity1 : One hundred fifty-six consecutive @entity1 (96 @entity1 and 60 @entity1 ) aged 16 to 60 years admitted as emergencies after @entity548 . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Potential risk factors (baseline characteristics, health habits, and clinical variables) for @entity204 and impaired outcome were studied prospectively up to 1 year after @entity548 . RESULTS: One year after @entity548 , 64 @entity1 (41%) were independent and 34 @entity1 (22%) were dependent in the activities of daily living; 58 @entity1 (37%) had died. Risk of @entity204 was predicted, after adjustment for sex, age, @entity101 , and body mass index, by clinical condition at admission according to the Glasgow @entity772 Scale (P < .001) and the occurrence of subcortical @entity1410 (odds ratio [OR], 0.18; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.04 to 0.91; P = .04). Risk of poor outcome (dependent state or @entity204 ) was predicted, after adjustment for sex, @entity101 , body mass index, cigarette smoking, presence of @entity548 , and surgery, significantly by the Glasgow @entity772 Scale (P < .001); presence of subcortical @entity1410 (OR, 0.04; 95% CI, 0.01 to 0.27; P < .001); volume of @entity1410 (P = .03); age (P = .004); amount of @entity167 consumed within 1 week before @entity548 (P = .03); and presence of @entity76 (OR, 0.13; 95% CI, 0.02 to 0.95; P = .04). Significant independent predictors of impaired outcome (assessed with the Glasgow Outcome Scale) were the Glasgow @entity772 Scale (P < .001); presence of subcortical @entity1410 (OR, 0.26; 95% CI, 0.10 to 0.67; P = .006); @entity167 intake within 1 week (P = .002); and presence of cerebellar (OR, 0.16; 95% CI, 0.04 to 0.60; P = .008), intraventricular (OR, 2.74; 95% CI, 1.19 to 6.28; P = .02), or caudate @entity548 (OR, 0.13; 95% CI, 0.02 to 0.77; P = .03). The mean erythrocyte corpuscular volume was directly associated with an impaired outcome (P < .05). CONCLUSION: In addition to severity and location of the @entity548 , the age of the @entity1 and the amount of @entity167 consumed within 1 week seem to be independent determinants of outcome after @entity1779 .

title: Risk factors for impaired outcome after spontaneous XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS', 'men']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['intraventricular hemorrhage', 'hemorrhage', 'bleeding']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity76 :: ('MESH:D002526', 'Disease') :: ['cerebellar hematoma']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['intracerebral hemorrhage']

answer: @entity1779 :: (MESH:D002543,Disease) :: ['intracerebral hemorrhage']


abstract: @entity3963 ( @entity3963 ) such as @entity12206 [p44 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)] and @entity3963 ( @entity3963 ) are activated in the central nervous system under physiological and pathological conditions such as @entity63 and @entity302 . Our aim is to investigate @entity12206 , @entity3963 , and phosphorylated @entity3963 (p- @entity3963 ) ( @entity12207 204) expression in the temporal lobe of @entity1 with @entity302 ( @entity302 ) and to explore its possible role of @entity3963 in it. Tissue samples from temporal neocortices of 40 @entity1 who had surgery for @entity302 were used to detect @entity12206 , @entity3963 , and p- @entity3963 ( @entity12207 204) expression through immunohistochemistry and western blot. We compared these tissues against 17 histological normal temporal lobes from head- @entity130 @entity1 . @entity12206 , @entity3963 , and p- @entity3963 in @entity302 were significantly higher than those in the controls. They were mainly expressed in the cytoplasm of neurons and glial cells. There was also increased detection of p- @entity3963 in the gliotic cortex of @entity302 compared with the non-gliotic cortex. These findings were consistently observed in western blot and immunohistochemistry techniques. @entity3963 expression in @entity1 with @entity302 was significantly increased compared with the controls. This suggested a probable role of @entity3963 in the pathogenesis of @entity302 .

title: Extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase in XXXX @entity302 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity3963 :: ('5594', 'Gene') :: ['p42 MAPK', 'Extracellular signal-regulated kinases', 'ERK', 'ERK2']

entities_list: @entity12207 :: ('p|SUB|T|202|Y', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['Thr 202/Tyr', 'Thr202/Tyr']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['IE', 'epilepsy', 'intractable epilepsy']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: CONTEXT: Hypothesis-free approaches such as proteomic analysis may identify novel biomarkers for disease. OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to compare the plasma proteome of @entity1 presenting with the @entity3610 ( @entity3610 ) with that of @entity1 without @entity3428 . DESIGN: This was a case-control study. SETTINGS: The study was conducted at an academic hospital. @entity1 : @entity1 included 12 @entity3610 @entity1 and 12 @entity1 without @entity3428 . INTERVENTIONS: Interventions included basal blood sampling. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Two-dimensional difference in-gel electrophoresis, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry, Western blot, and ELISA analyses were measured. RESULTS: Two-dimensional difference in-gel electrophoresis and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry analyses identified @entity2104 beta-chain and @entity5843 as proteins underexpressed in @entity3610 samples, whereas @entity69 and kappa-free light chain were overexpressed. We were able to confirm only the underexpression of @entity2104 beta-chain in subsequent Western blot and ELISA analyses. CONCLUSIONS: Proteomic analysis of plasma from @entity3610 @entity1 revealed changes in protein expression in several acute-phase response proteins including isoforms of plasma @entity2104 , @entity5843 , and @entity69 and in kappa-free light chain. In addition to their role as inflammatory markers, some of these molecules play major roles in @entity68 metabolism, further suggesting that @entity68 metabolism and low-grade chronic @entity32 may be involved in the pathogenesis of insulin-resistant disorders such as @entity3610 .

title: Proteomic analysis of plasma in the XXXX identifies novel markers involved in @entity68 metabolism, acute-phase response, and @entity32 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity3610 :: ('MESH:D011085', 'Disease') :: ['polycystic ovary syndrome', 'PCOS']

entities_list: @entity5843 :: ('2', 'Gene') :: ['alpha2-macroglobulin']

entities_list: @entity3428 :: ('MESH:D017588', 'Disease') :: ['hyperandrogenism']

answer: @entity3610 :: (MESH:D011085,Disease) :: ['polycystic ovary syndrome']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the early outcomes of treating distal aortic arch @entity439 (DAAAs) with a partial debranching hybrid stent graft, and to analyze the morphology of distances among the supra-aortic branches. METHODS: We used this stent graft to treat DAAA in 12 @entity1 , by debranching the left common carotid artery (LCCA) and the left subclavian artery (LSA). With computed tomography (CT) data on the collective total 28 thoracic @entity449 , the distances from the LSA to the LCCA and those from the LSA to the brachiocephalic artery (BA) were measured using multiplanar reconstruction (MPR) and @entity450 ( @entity450 ) methods. RESULTS: All procedures were done in two stages and all stent grafts were deployed in zone-1. The devices used were the TALENT in seven @entity1 and the TAG in five @entity1 . There were no operative @entity204 , @entity451 , or type-1 or -3 endoleaks. One @entity1 suffered minor @entity385 . The distance from the LSA to the BA was longer than that from the LSA to the LCCA by 10 mm in the @entity450 method and by 13 mm in the MPR method. CONCLUSIONS: It was possible to achieve a longer proximal landing zone by debranching two supra-aortic branches, the LCCA and the LSA. The partial debranching hybrid stent graft was less invasive and more effective for DAAAs.

title: Partial debranching hybrid stent graft for distal aortic arch XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity449 :: ('MESH:D001014', 'Disease') :: ['aortic aneurysms']

entities_list: @entity450 :: ('MESH:D006940', 'Disease') :: ['centerline of flow', 'CLF']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms']

entities_list: @entity451 :: ('MESH:C536857', 'Disease') :: ['paraplegia']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral infarction']

answer: @entity439 :: (MESH:D000783,Disease) :: ['aneurysms']


abstract: We have investigated the presence and function of glia cells, especially of oligodendrocytes (OL) in organotypic cultures of @entity35 visual cortex grown for 1-6 weeks in vitro. OL identified by strong @entity8159 -immunoreactivity (GalC-ir) displayed rather small somata and elaborately ramified processes. They were most concentrated in layers VIa and VIb and the remnant of the white matter. @entity575 staining revealed long descending or oblique processes in layers V and VI, which were often arranged in patches, and horizontal processes in the white matter. Proximal processes of OL cell bodies were connected to these long processes. @entity18516 -labeling revealed very similar patches of processes, termed OL domains. They were identified as membraneous sheaths formed by processes of single OL around axons passing the OL domain. Confocal microscopy revealed single axons running through the membrane sheaths. We compared the molecular differentiation of glial cells in cultures to the in vivo situation with protein blots and immunohistochemistry for glial cell marker molecules. In homogenates of visual cortex in vivo, protein blots revealed the increase in expression by OL of @entity8382 ( @entity8382 ) during the fourth postnatal week. The astrocytic marker @entity40 ( @entity40 ), blotted as a control, increased over time in vivo, beginning at @entity10495 , indicating the differentiation of astrocytes. In homogenates of organotypic cortex cultures, the times course of expression of @entity40 was very similar: it increased dramatically during the first 10 DIV, and remained fairly constant in older cultures.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Oligodendrocytes differentiate in organotypic cultures of XXXX visual cortex and myelinate efferent axons.

entities_list: @entity8159 :: ('MESH:C002454', 'Chemical') :: ['Galactocerebroside']

entities_list: @entity40 :: ('24387(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['GFAP', 'glial fibrillary acidic protein']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The role of locoregional treatment in @entity1 with metastatic @entity0 at first presentation is unclear. Preclinical evidence suggests that such treatment might help the growth of @entity3 , whereas many retrospective analyses in clinical cohorts have suggested a favourable effect of locoregional treatment in these @entity1 . We aimed to compare the effect of locoregional treatment with no treatment on outcome in @entity1 with metastatic @entity0 at initial presentation. METHODS: In this open-label, randomised controlled trial, we recruited previously untreated @entity1 ( <=65 years of age with an estimated remaining life expectancy of at least 1 year) presenting with de-novo metastatic @entity0 from Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India. @entity1 were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive locoregional treatment directed at their primary @entity0 and axillary lymph nodes, or no locoregional treatment, by a computer-generated block randomisation sequence (block size of four). Randomisation was stratified by site of distant metastases, number of metastatic lesions, and hormone receptor status. @entity1 with resectable @entity5 in the breast that could be treated with endocrine therapy were randomly assigned upfront, whereas those with an unresectable @entity5 were planned for chemotherapy before randomisation. Of the @entity1 who had chemotherapy before randomisation, we randomly assigned @entity1 who had an objective @entity5 response after six to eight cycles of chemotherapy. The primary endpoint was overall survival analysed by intention to treat. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT00193778. FINDINGS: Between Feb 7, 2005, and Jan 18, 2013, of the 716 @entity1 presenting with de-novo metastatic @entity0 , we randomly assigned 350 @entity1 : 173 to locoregional treatment and 177 to no locoregional treatment. At data cut-off of @entity7059 , 2013, median follow-up was 23 months (IQR 12  2-38  7) with 235 @entity204 (locoregional treatment n=118, no locoregional treatment n=117). Median overall survival was 19  2 months (95% CI 15  98-22  46) in the locoregional treatment group and 20  5 months (16  96-23  98) in the no-locoregional treatment group (HR 1  04, 95% CI 0  81-1  34; p=0  79), and the corresponding 2-year overall survival was 41  9% (95% CI 33  9-49  7) in the locoregional treatment group and 43  0% (35  2-50  8) in the no locoregional treatment group. The only adverse event noted was wound infection related to surgery in one @entity1 in the locoregional treatment group. INTERPRETATION: There is no evidence to suggest that locoregional treatment of the @entity5 affects overall survival in @entity1 with metastatic @entity0 at initial presentation who have responded to front-line chemotherapy, and this procedure should not be part of routine practice.

title: Locoregional treatment versus no treatment of the @entity5 in metastatic XXXX : an open-label randomised controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer', 'breast tumour']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['primary tumour', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic disease']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: Analogues of Substance @entity10133 ) have been shown to act as SP receptor antagonists in various physiological systems. We have previously shown that the carotid body sensory response to @entity519 could be attenuated by D-Pro2-D-Trp7,9-SP (DPDT-SP) and suggested that SP may be important for chemoreception. In the absence of detailed characterization of the antagonistic effects of DPDT-SP, the role of SP in carotid body chemoreception remains uncertain. The present study was undertaken to analyze the effects of DPDT-SP on carotid body activity in anaesthetized @entity468 (n = 18). Intra-carotid infusion of DPDT-SP antagonized SP-induced chemoreceptor stimulation. 90% blockade of SP responses was obtained at infusion rates of 15 micrograms/kg per min of DPDT-SP for 15 min. By contrast, infusions of either saline (controls) or at doses below 10 micrograms/kg per min had no effect on SP responses. The doses that effectively antagonized SP excitation (i.e., 15 micrograms/kg per min) also blocked or markedly attenuated the chemoreceptor responses to @entity519 , without affecting the carotid body stimulation caused by @entity1239 . The effects of DPDT-SP were associated with significant reduction in baseline activity in normoxia. The antagonistic effects were reversible after terminating the infusion of DPDT-SP. Increasing the dose to 25 micrograms/kg per min, however, abolished the carotid body excitation by any of the stimuli tested (i.e., SP, @entity519 and @entity1239 ), indicating that at higher doses DPDT-SP is non-selective. These results demonstrate that DPDT-SP given in adequate doses to block SP response also attenuates or abolishes the carotid body excitation by @entity519 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Analysis of carotid chemoreceptor responses to substance P analogue in anaesthetized XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1239 :: ('MESH:D009538', 'Chemical') :: ['nicotine']

answer: @entity468 :: (9685,Species) :: ['cats']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2332 with @entity1167 ( @entity1167 ) is routinely used for aortic arch repair. Antegrade selective cerebral perfusion (ASCP) has been proposed to avoid neurologic complications. The optimal temperature during aortic arch repair with ASCP is not well established. We therefore compared early outcomes of @entity1 undergoing aortic arch repair associated with intracardiac repair with ASCP either with @entity2332 (<28  C, group I; n=70) or normothermia (>34  C, group II; n=40). METHODS: From 2002 to 2008, 110 consecutive @entity1 with interrupted aortic arch (n=40) or @entity1498 (n=70) and @entity299 underwent intracardiac and aortic arch repair without @entity1167 . Median age at repair was 12 days. Full cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), high hematocrit, and high rates of flow were used. ASCP flow was adjusted to maintain arterial pressure at greater than or equal to 50 mm Hg. ASCP was achieved either through a Gore-Tex (W. L. Gore _ Associates, Inc., Elkton, @entity601 ) graft to the innominate artery (n=36) or by direct cannulation (n=74). An electroencephalogram (EEG) was continuously monitored and 30 @entity1 were monitored by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). RESULTS: Preoperative data were similar in both groups. Group II demonstrated higher ASCP flows (p<0.001). Time to extubation, stay in the intensive care unit (ICU), and postoperative urine output and @entity880 levels were similar between groups. Mortality was 8.5% in group I versus 10% in group II. During the postoperative course, there were no clinical or electrical neurologic events in either group. CONCLUSIONS: Antegrade selective cerebral perfusion can safely avoid @entity1167 . No worse, early, or long-term effects of ASCP with normothermia were found.

title: Continuous cerebral perfusion for aortic arch repair: XXXX versus normothermia.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1498 :: ('MESH:D001017', 'Disease') :: ['coarctation of the aorta']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac anomalies']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['circulatory arrest', 'CA']

entities_list: @entity2332 :: ('MESH:D007035', 'Disease') :: ['hypothermia', 'Deep hypothermia']

answer: @entity2332 :: (MESH:D007035,Disease) :: ['hypothermia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In @entity1 , the clinical efficacy and immunological mechanisms of @entity13366 ( @entity13366 ) compared with @entity9285 ( @entity9285 ) is still to be elucidated. OBJECTIVES: To compare @entity13366 , @entity9285 and pharmacotherapy in relation to clinical efficacy and immunological mechanisms that govern its effect in @entity2490 @entity1 who were sensitized to @entity6711 ( @entity6711 ). METHODS: In this single centre, prospective, randomized, controlled, open labelled, three parallel group trial, 48 @entity1 mono-sensitized to @entity6711 were randomized to receive either @entity13366 (n=16), @entity9285 (n=16) or pharmacotherapy alone (n=16). Symptom, medication and visual analogue score (VAS) were collected and bronchial-nasal hyper-reactivity, skin prick tests, total-specific IgE were performed at baseline and 12 months after treatment. In addition, peripheral blood mononuclear cells were cultured with recombinant Der @entity3881 and @entity3991 v 1 extracts and allergen-specific @entity3646 , @entity225 , @entity4047 , @entity379 , @entity688 , and @entity2533 secretions were measured. RESULTS: @entity13366 and @entity9285 demonstrated a significant @entity2490 and @entity565 symptom score, total medication score, VAS and skin reactivity to @entity6711 (P<0.05) when compared with pharmacotherapy. A significant reduction of serum-specific @entity6711 -IgE in @entity9285 and @entity13366 were observed. Moreover, titrated nasal provocative dose significantly increased in both immunotherapy groups when compared with the pharmacotherapy group. No adverse effects were reported in @entity13366 , while two @entity1 demonstrated serious adverse events in @entity9285 . After 1 year of treatment, Der @entity3881 -driven @entity688 significantly increased in @entity13366 compared with pharmacotherapy, whereas @entity3991 v 1-driven @entity2533 (negative control) increased significantly in @entity13366 only. No changes were observed for @entity1198 -Th2 cytokines. CONCLUSION: Both @entity13366 and @entity9285 demonstrated clinical improvement compared with pharmacotherapy in @entity565 / @entity2490 @entity1 sensitized to @entity6711 .

title: Clinical efficacy and immunological mechanisms of sublingual and @entity9285 in XXXX @entity1 sensitized to @entity6711 : an open randomized controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity9285 :: ('MESH:D013352', 'Disease') :: ['subcutaneous immunotherapy', 'SCIT']

entities_list: @entity13366 :: ('MESH:D013362', 'Disease') :: ['SLIT', 'sublingual immunotherapy']

entities_list: @entity2490 :: ('MESH:D012220', 'Disease') :: ['reduction of total rhinitis', 'rhinitis', 'asthmatic/rhinitis']

entities_list: @entity6711 :: ('MESH:D008924', 'Disease') :: ['HDM', 'house dust mite']

answer: @entity2490 :: (MESH:D012220,Disease) :: ['asthmatic/rhinitis']


abstract: GOAL: Analysis of the 3-year outcome of the original population of the TAXi trial which compared the efficacy of the @entity1311 (PES) and the @entity3446 (SES) stents in a randomized "real world" investigation. HISTORY: The widespread use of drug-eluting stents strongly modified the world of interventional cardiology. The TAXi trial was a randomized comparison between PES and SES and showed similar efficacy between the two prostheses. Recently, emerging discussions raised questions about potential long-term risk with the use of @entity4743 . The present work attempts to describe the long-term outcome of the @entity1 compared during the TAXi trial. METHOD: During April 2003 and January 2004, 202 @entity1 were prospectively randomly assigned to the PES group (102 @entity1 ) and to the SES group (100 @entity1 ). The primary aim of the present investigation was the comparison of combined incidence of @entity204 , @entity583 , and @entity75 revascularization within 36-months. RESULTS: No difference in mortality of all causes was noted in the PES and the SES groups (3% vs. 7%, P=0.98) or in major adverse cardiac event free survival (89% vs. 83%, P=0.28). Four stent @entity715 were observed, two in the PES group (205 and 788 days) and two in the SES group (210 and 772 days). CONCLUSION: The long-term outcome analysis of the TAXi trial confirms available published data showing the equivalence of PES and SES on clinical basis.

title: Three-year follow-up of the first prospective randomized comparison between XXXX and @entity3446 stents: the TAXi-LATE trial.

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['target lesion']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity3446 :: ('MESH:D020123', 'Chemical') :: ['sirolimus']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac death']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thromboses']

answer: @entity1311 :: (MESH:D017239,Chemical) :: ['paclitaxel']


abstract: PURPOSE: We reviewed all @entity1 presenting with @entity4242 and bilateral @entity231 in our paediatric @entity231 clinic, to identify their underlying diagnosis and clinical features that could help in early diagnosis of such conditions. METHODS: We screened our @entity231 database to collect data on all @entity1 presenting to our institute with @entity231 before 1 year of age for a period of 5 years (1997-2001) inclusive. We found 166 cases of @entity231 , of which 85 were bilateral. Of the 85 @entity1 with bilateral @entity231 , five also had @entity4242 . The case notes of these five @entity1 were retrospectively reviewed for age at presentation, ocular and systemic examination findings, results of electro diagnostic testing, outcome of @entity231 surgery, and any additional investigation results. RESULTS: In our series, three @entity1 were diagnosed with early-onset @entity14309 ( @entity5804 ), one was diagnosed with @entity4403 and one with @entity8221 . Electrodiagnostic testing was abnormal in four of the five cases, and @entity851 was present in all five. There was a good outcome from surgery in the three @entity1 with @entity5804 and the @entity1 with Hallermann-Strieff. There was a poor outcome in the @entity1 with @entity4403 . CONCLUSIONS: The presence of @entity4242 in @entity1 presenting with @entity231 in infancy is strongly suggestive of a syndromic cause. Early-onset @entity14309 was the commonest underlying diagnosis in our series, but clinicians should be aware of other possibilities, and we discuss the differential diagnosis. Head circumference should be checked routinely in @entity1 with @entity231 .

title: Review of cases presenting with XXXX and bilateral @entity231 in a paediatric @entity231 clinic.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['child', 'children']

entities_list: @entity14309 :: ('MESH:D003057', 'Disease') :: ['Cockayne syndrome']

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['growth failure']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['bilateral cataracts', 'cataract', 'congenital cataract']

entities_list: @entity4403 :: ('MESH:C536681', 'Disease') :: ['Micro syndrome']

entities_list: @entity8221 :: ('MESH:D006210', 'Disease') :: ['Hallermann-Streiff syndrome']

entities_list: @entity4242 :: ('MESH:D008831', 'Disease') :: ['microcephaly']

answer: @entity4242 :: (MESH:D008831,Disease) :: ['microcephaly']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The progressive nature of @entity2033 ( @entity2033 ) means that families often struggle to cope with increasing care needs of their affected family member. As a result, individuals with @entity2033 are likely to be at risk of hospitalization and subsequent early placement into residential care facilities. OBJECTIVE: To explore which factors were associated with early residential care placement in a group of hospitalized @entity1 with @entity2033 . METHODS: A retrospective, systematic medical file audit of a neurological inpatient unit was conducted. Fifty-nine @entity1 with @entity2033 were admitted from the community between January 2008 and December 2011; of these, 31 @entity1 were discharged home while 28 @entity1 required discharge to a residential care facility. These two groups were compared on a range of demographic, clinical and psychosocial variables identified as precipitating the hospital admission. Group comparisons were performed using t-tests and chi-square tests with Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons. RESULTS: A higher proportion of @entity1 were placed in residential care than were able to return home (p = 0.045); and the group placed in residential care had longer inpatient hospital stays (p < 0.001). Groups did not differ in age, medications or disease duration. We found that psychosocial difficulties (p < 0.001) and @entity146 (p = 0.001), but not physical, cognitive, or @entity146 factors, significantly differentiated the groups. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with @entity2033 discharged to residential care were more likely to have @entity146 , and lengthy hospital stays. These findings indicate the need for community-based psychosocial and behavior management interventions aimed at preventing residential care admissions for @entity1 with @entity2033 .

title: Home or Residential Care? The Role of Behavioral and Psychosocial Factors in Determining Discharge Outcomes for Inpatients with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'persons', 'men']

entities_list: @entity2033 :: ('MESH:D006816', 'Disease') :: ["Huntington's disease", 'HD']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric', 'behavioral problems', 'psychosocial and behavioral problems']

answer: @entity2033 :: (MESH:D006816,Disease) :: ['Huntington's Disease']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity3925 is a convenient oral anticoagulant for @entity1 with @entity1211 ( @entity1211 ). The impact of @entity3925 and @entity2067 antagonists (VKAs) on @entity3556 ( @entity3556 ) in real life has not been previously explored. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a single-center retrospective study on @entity3556 in female @entity1211 @entity1 of reproductive age who were treated with either @entity3925 or VKAs. RESULTS: Questionnaire results were available for 52 @entity1 in each treatment group. Approximately two thirds of all @entity1 reported @entity3556 after initiation of anticoagulant therapy. @entity1 using @entity3925 were more likely to experience prolonged (>8days) @entity548 (27 % vs. 8.3%, P=0.017). @entity3925 treatment increased the duration of @entity548 from median 5 (IQR 3.5-6.0) days before start of treatment to 6 (IQR 4.1-8.9) days (P<0.001). VKA treatment did not lead to significant prolongation of the menstrual period. @entity1 on @entity3925 more frequently reported an unscheduled contact with a physician for @entity3556 than @entity1 using VKAs (41% vs. 25%, P=0.096). They also reported increased need for @entity931 -related medical or surgical intervention (25% vs. 7.7%, P=0.032) and had more adaptations of anticoagulant therapy (15% vs. 1.9%, P=0.031). CONCLUSION: @entity3556 is frequent after initiation of anticoagulant therapy for acute symptomatic @entity1211 . Compared to VKAs, @entity3925 was associated with prolonged @entity548 and more medical interventions and adaptation of anticoagulant treatment for @entity3556 . These data can guide proactive discussion with patients starting anticoagulant therapy.

title: Abnormal uterine bleeding in XXXX @entity1 treated with @entity3925 compared to @entity2067 antagonists.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3556 :: ('MESH:D014592', 'Disease') :: ['AUB', 'abnormal uterine bleeding']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['menstrual bleeding']

entities_list: @entity2067 :: ('MESH:D014812', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin K']

entities_list: @entity3925 :: ('MESH:C503223', 'Chemical') :: ['Rivaroxaban', 'rivaroxaban']

entities_list: @entity931 :: ('MESH:D008595', 'Disease') :: ['menorrhagia']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['VTE', 'venous thromboembolism']

answer: @entity1211 :: (MESH:D054556,Disease) :: ['VTE']


abstract: @entity1507 levels in urine and @entity3542 levels in saliva were determined in school @entity1 11-13 years of age in 2 areas of high @entity5 mortality located in central Chile and in 2 areas of low @entity5 mortality located at the extremes of Chile. Levels of both @entity3362 and @entity2648 were concurrently determined in selected vegetables obtained in these 4 study areas. Levels of @entity3362 were significantly higher in the urine of schoolchildren and in vegetables obtained from the northern low-risk area. Levels of @entity2648 were similar in saliva specimens from all 4 areas, but levels in vegetables were inconsistent. These results are apparently incompatible with the hypothesis of a high @entity1507 intake in areas of high @entity5 incidence compared to areas of low incidence. This paradoxical finding suggests that cofactors may be involved in the pathopoiesis of @entity5 that promote or inhibit the transformation of dietary @entity3362 to @entity15028 . The soil in the high-risk areas is primarily of volcanic origin, which is reported to be low in levels of @entity4259 . On the other hand, residents of Antofagasta, the northern low-risk area, are known to be exposed to high levels of @entity3494 . It is possible that the diet of residents of the high incidence area which may be deficient in @entity4259 may enhance promotion of @entity3362 to @entity15028 as has been reported in the literature, or conversely, that high levels of @entity3494 or other factors in the diet of individuals in Antofagasta may play a protective role. Other factors may be responsible for the low rate observed in the southern low-risk area.

title: Epidemiology of gastric cancer in Chile: II - @entity1507 exposures and XXXX frequency.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity15028 :: ('MESH:D009602', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrosamines']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['stomach cancer']

entities_list: @entity3362 :: ('MESH:D009566', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrates']

entities_list: @entity3542 :: ('CHEBI:16301', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrite']

entities_list: @entity4259 :: ('MESH:D012643', 'Chemical') :: ['selenium']

entities_list: @entity1507 :: ('CHEBI:48107', 'Chemical') :: ['Nitrate', 'nitrate']

entities_list: @entity2648 :: ('MESH:D009573', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrites']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['stomach cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIM: Endoscopic treatment of @entity15809 has been successfully reported over the last 10 years using different approaches. The hook-knife is a new device originally developed for endoscopic submucosal dissection procedures. This study aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of endoscopic myotomy performed with the hook-knife. @entity1 AND METHOD: From July 2005, 32 consecutive @entity1 (23-male, mean age 74.8 years) with @entity1282 secondary to the presence of @entity15809 were prospectively enrolled. Myotomy was performed using a straight-end transparent hood to the tip of the scope and the hook-knife for the incision of the bridge between the @entity15809 and the esophagus. Clinical outcome was evaluated assigning a @entity1282 symptom score from 0 (symptoms absent) to 4 (inability to swallow saliva). RESULTS: General anesthesia was used in 4 @entity1 , deep sedation with propofol in 23 @entity1 , while @entity1363 was used in 5 @entity1 . The mean procedural time was 28 minutes. Complications occurred in 2 @entity1 (6.25 %). At 1 month follow-up, the mean @entity1282 score was significantly improved from 2.9 to 0.6 ( P < 0.001) with 87.5 % of @entity1 free of symptoms and 4 @entity1 with @entity1282 that was persistent but milder than before the treatment. Three of these 4 @entity1 underwent a successful second endoscopic treatment with complete relief of @entity1282 ; one was not re-treated because of advanced age (92 years). During the follow-up period (23.87 +/- 9.6 months), 2 @entity1 developed @entity1282 recurrence. The overall success rate was 90.6 %. CONCLUSIONS: Diverticulectomy with a flexible scope and the hook-knife may represent a safe and effective alternative treatment for @entity1 with @entity15809 .

title: Endoscopic flexible treatment of XXXX : a modification of the needle-knife technique.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1363 :: ('MESH:D008874', 'Chemical') :: ['midazolam']

entities_list: @entity15809 :: ('MESH:D016672', 'Disease') :: ["Zenker's diverticulum"]

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['dysphagia']

answer: @entity15809 :: (MESH:D016672,Disease) :: ['Zenker's diverticulum']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to obtain an upper estimate of any survival benefit conferred by resection in @entity1 with a diagnosis of @entity3620 . METHODS: We analysed published data concerning survival from diagnosis among four groups of @entity1 with @entity2615 , identified by ascending level of intervention: (A) no surgery; (B) thoracotomy but no resection; (C) resection but no adjuvant treatment; and (D) resection as part of multimodality treatment. Mean survival was estimated for each of these four groups. Mean survival was also estimated for all those having resection (groups C and D) and for all those not having a resection (groups A and B). RESULTS: Mean survival was 16.8, 17.8 and 17 months for those having no surgery, thoracotomy alone and resection with no adjuvant treatment respectively (groups A, B and C) and 32.9 months for those having multimodality treatment (group D). Mean survival was 25.6 months in those who had resection and 17.1 months in those that did not. The survival advantage of any management that included surgical resection was estimated as being no more than 9 months. This is the most optimistic estimate and requires all observed differences in survival to be attributed to the effect of treatment and none to selection for treatment. Furthermore, within this upper estimate is included any benefit from other components of multimodality treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Given the burden of morbidity of resection in the management of @entity2615 , this most optimistic estimate of the magnitude of any survival benefit should be taken into account in any policy decision, in clinical trial proposals and in strategies adopted by clinical teams.

title: Obtaining an upper estimate of the survival benefit associated with surgery for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3620 :: ('MESH:C562839', 'Disease') :: ['malignant pleural mesothelioma']

entities_list: @entity2615 :: ('MESH:D008654', 'Disease') :: ['mesothelioma', 'pleural mesothelioma']

answer: @entity2615 :: (MESH:D008654,Disease) :: ['mesothelioma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To remind physicians to consider the @entity99 in the differential diagnosis of the syndrome of @entity6085 . METHODS: We present a case report of a @entity1 seen in the hospital for severe @entity2753 , who was discovered to have the syndrome of @entity6085 attributable to @entity10472 . Results of laboratory tests of the @entity1 and her family are presented. RESULTS: A 54-year-old @entity1 was seen in the hospital because of severe @entity2753 accompanied by generalized @entity410 . Her serum @entity1372 concentration was 112 mEq/L, with concomitant serum and urine osmolalities of 235 and 639 mOsm/kg, respectively. Renal, thyroid, and adrenal functions were normal. Brain, chest, abdominal, and pelvic imaging studies were negative for occult @entity5 . Urinary excretions of @entity10473 and @entity8454 were substantially elevated. Results of follow-up urine, plasma, and fecal @entity7170 studies were consistent with @entity10472 . Results of @entity7170 metabolic studies of the @entity1 's family showed normal findings in her parents and a minimally increased fecal @entity10474 concentration and urinary @entity10475 excretion in her sister. CONCLUSION: An endocrinology consultation is often requested for @entity1 with @entity2753 . It is important to consider the acute @entity99 in the differential diagnosis, even though these are rare disorders and the family history may not always be helpful because of the high frequency of asymptomatic carriers.

title: Syndrome of XXXX associated with @entity10472 : case report and review of literature.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant disease']

entities_list: @entity10473 :: ('MESH:D011162', 'Chemical') :: ['porphobilinogen']

entities_list: @entity7170 :: ('CHEBI:8337', 'Chemical') :: ['porphyrin']

entities_list: @entity8454 :: ('MESH:D000622', 'Chemical') :: ['aminolevulinic acid']

entities_list: @entity10474 :: ('CHEBI:23388', 'Chemical') :: ['coproporphyrin']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic porphyrias']

entities_list: @entity10475 :: ('CHEBI:27259', 'Chemical') :: ['uroporphyrin']

entities_list: @entity2753 :: ('MESH:D007010', 'Disease') :: ['hyponatremia']

entities_list: @entity10472 :: ('MESH:C535469', 'Disease') :: ['coproporphyria']

entities_list: @entity6085 :: ('MESH:D007177', 'Disease') :: ['inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion']

answer: @entity6085 :: (MESH:D007177,Disease) :: ['inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion']