abstract: @entity172 is synthesized in the male reproductive system and is found in high concentrations in rete testis and seminal fluids. This luminal @entity172 targets @entity172 receptors (ER) along the male reproductive tract, and in particular the efferent ductules, where @entity11716 is abundant. However, both @entity11716 and @entity11717 are found in various regions of the male reproductive tract. The transgenic ER knockout @entity19 (alphaERKO and betaERKO) have been used to help define the role of ER in the male. In the alphaERKO animal model, the efferent ductules are dramatically altered, forming an epithelium in which fluid reabsorption is inhibited and epithelial cells have greatly reduced numbers of lysosomes and organelles associated with endocytosis. The betaERKO male reproductive tract appears normal. Because these animals are transgenic and lack ER throughout development, we developed animal models using pure antiestrogen @entity1299 treatments in adult males. The data show that @entity11716 participates in the regulation of the apical cytoplasm of non-ciliated cells of the efferent ductules, narrow cells of @entity1347 and clear cells in the remaining segments of the epididymis. There appears to be no effect on vas deferens. The inhibition of @entity11716 function in the male leads to decreases in sperm concentrations and eventually to @entity249 . The current literature leaves the mechanisms of @entity172 action in the male reproductive tract unsettled and raises the question of @entity342 's contribution to the regulation of fluid transport, especially in the efferent ductules.

title: XXXX and epididymal function.

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen', 'Estrogen']

entities_list: @entity249 :: ('MESH:D007246', 'Disease') :: ['infertility']

entities_list: @entity1347 :: ('MESH:C537775', 'Disease') :: ['initial segment epididymis']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen']

answer: @entity172 :: (MESH:D004967,Chemical) :: ['Estrogens']


abstract: The manifestations of @entity3251 vary considerably in degree, characteristics and time of onset. Options for prevention of the disease include the appropriate disposal of cat litter and the avoidance of ingestion of both contaminated food and undercooked meat by pregnant @entity1 . Immunisation of the @entity468 population is a consideration for the future. Alternatively, immunisation of sero-negative pregnant @entity1 awaits the introduction of an effective and safe reagent. Current treatment modalities are not universally effective and new drugs are the subject of active development and research. Screening of pregnant @entity1 or perhaps newborn @entity1 are potential options but the cost effectivity has yet to be established in many countries and the results of treatment during pregnancy and early childhood are encouraging but are as yet unproven. The majority of @entity1 with @entity3251 eventually develop toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis. Current treatment options for this condition are outlined. @entity791 ( @entity791 ) may, in some cases, represent a recrudescence of @entity1779 . Current treatment strategies for this condition are discussed.

title: Recent developments in the prevention and treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity3251 :: ('MESH:D014125', 'Disease') :: ['congenital toxoplasmosis']

entities_list: @entity468 :: ('9685', 'Species') :: ['domestic cat']

entities_list: @entity791 :: ('MESH:D000163', 'Disease') :: ['AIDS', 'Acquired immune deficiency syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['congenital intracerebral infection']

answer: @entity3251 :: (MESH:D014125,Disease) :: ['congenital toxoplasmosis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Trisomy 8 (+8) is a common cytogenetic aberration in @entity3052 ( @entity3052 ); however, the impact of +8 in @entity3052 is largely unknown. We retrospectively investigated 609 @entity1 from the NOPHO- @entity3052 database to determine the clinical and cytogenetic characteristics of +8 in @entity3052 and to investigate its prognostic impact. Complete cytogenetic data were available in 596 @entity1 (98%) aged 0-18 years, diagnosed from 1993 to 2012, and treated according to the NOPHO- @entity3052 1993 and 2004 protocols in the Nordic countries and Hong Kong. We identified 86 @entity1 (14%) with +8. Trisomy 8 was combined with other cytogenetic aberrations in 68 @entity1 (11%) (+8 other) and in 18 @entity1 (3%) it was the sole abnormality (+8 alone). Trisomy 8 was associated with @entity9020 (36%) but otherwise clinically comparable with non trisomy 8 @entity1 . Trisomy 8 was favorable in @entity1 of young age and with t(9;11). Trisomy 8 alone was associated with older age (median age 10.1 years), @entity10707 (33%), and @entity7801 -ITD mutations (58%). The 5-year event-free survival for @entity1 with +8 alone was 50% and 5-year overall survival was 75%. In conclusion, +8 is one of the most common cytogenetic aberrations in @entity3052 . Trisomy 8 positive @entity3052 is a heterogeneous group and the majority of cases have additional cytogenetic aberrations. @entity1 with +8 alone differed from @entity1 with +8 other and were associated with older age, @entity10707 , and @entity7801 -ITD aberrations. There were no differences in survival despite the more frequent occurrence of @entity7801 -ITD in +8 alone. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Trisomy 8 in @entity3052 . A NOPHO- XXXX Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute myeloid leukemia', 'AML', 'pediatric AML']

answer: @entity3052 :: (MESH:D015470,Disease) :: ['AML']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Prematurity is a great health problem in our country and in the world. There are more than 11% of premature births in America annually, and in Europe this rate is between 5-10%. In Vojvodina, 9% of babies are born prematurely. @entity932 takes a sifnificant place in the morbidity of prematurely born @entity1 . INTRACRANIAL @entity548 IN PREMATURE NEWBORN @entity1 : Incomplete CNS development of premature @entity1 causes numerous complications, but it is also the factor which enables survival of extremely immature @entity1 without sequelae. The management protocol depends on the level of @entity548 . Early diagnosis of @entity932 and determination of the level of @entity548 are of utmost importance for disability prevention. ULTRASOUND IN MONITORING INTRACRANIAL @entity548 : Brain monitoring of prematurely born babies is performed by ultrasound. This type of visualization has several advantages over other techniques: it is mobile, so colled "bedside technique", it is relatively cheap, it may be repeated several times, it is possible to define the exact time of @entity548 and monitor its absorption from day to day. Ultrasound is safe, and there is no ionized radiation. No sedation is required for ultrasound examination. The examination is not painful. CONCLUSION: The frequency of ultrasound depends on the level of @entity548 , presence or absence of ventriculomegally/ @entity1276 , as well as on the surrounding cerebral parenchyma.

title: [An ultrasound protocol in premature @entity1 with XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'INFANTS', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['hydrocephalus']

entities_list: @entity932 :: ('MESH:D020300', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial hemorrhage', 'Intracranial hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage', 'HEMORRHAGE']

answer: @entity932 :: (MESH:D020300,Disease) :: ['intracranial hemorrhage']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: An anaerobic, @entity1507 -reducing, @entity599 - and @entity8962 -oxidizing bacterium, designated strain 1812ET, was isolated from the vent polychaete, @entity19593 , which was collected from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent on the East Pacific Rise. Cells were Gram staining-negative rods, measuring approximately 1.05    0.11   m by 0.40    0.05   m. Strain 1812ET grew at 25-45   C (optimum 35   C), with 1.5-4.0 % @entity4202 (optimum 3.0 %), and pH 5.0-8.0 (optimum pH 6.0). The generation time under optimal conditions was 3 h. Strain 1812ET was an anaerobic chemolithotroph that grew with either @entity599 or @entity8962 as the energy source and @entity544 as the sole @entity505 source. @entity1507 was used a sole terminal electron acceptor. The predominant @entity1718 were C16:1  7c, C18:1  7c and C16:0. The major polar lipids were @entity3633 , @entity6298 , and @entity3634 . The major respiratory @entity3276 was MK-6 and the G+C content of the genomic DNA was 47.4 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene of strain 1812ET showed that the isolate belonged to the Epsilonproteobacteria, and its closest related species were Sulfurovum lithotrophicum 42BKT and Sulfurovum aggregans Monchim 33T (98.3 and 95.7% sequence similarity respectively). DNA-DNA similarity between Strain 1812ET and S. lithotrophicum was 29.7%, demonstrating that the two strains are not members of the same species. Based on the phylogenetic, molecular, chemotaxonomic, and physiological evidence, strain 1812ET represents a new species within the genus Sulfurovum, for which the name Sulfurovum riftiae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of the species is 1812ET (=DSM 101780T =JCM 30810T).

title: Sulfurovum riftiae sp. nov., a mesophilic, @entity8962 -oxidizing, XXXX -reducing chemolithoautotrophic Epsilonproteobacterium isolated from the tube of the deep-sea hydrothermal vent polychaete, @entity19593 .

entities_list: @entity3634 :: ('MESH:D010715', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphatidylglycerol']

entities_list: @entity8962 :: ('CHEBI:26977', 'Chemical') :: ['thiosulfate']

entities_list: @entity6298 :: ('CHEBI:28494', 'Chemical') :: ['diphosphatidylglycerol']

entities_list: @entity19593 :: ('6426', 'Species') :: ['Riftia pachyptila']

entities_list: @entity1507 :: ('CHEBI:48107', 'Chemical') :: ['Nitrate', 'nitrate']

entities_list: @entity3633 :: ('MESH:C483858', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphatidylethanolamine']

entities_list: @entity544 :: ('MESH:D002245', 'Chemical') :: ['carbon dioxide']

entities_list: @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acids']

answer: @entity1507 :: (CHEBI:48107,Chemical) :: ['nitrate']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and @entity251 levels after postoperative chemoradiation in @entity1 with @entity5 . METHODS AND MATERIALS: Forty-three @entity1 with @entity5 had baseline and postchemoradiation FSH, LH, and @entity251 measured. @entity1753 consisted of two 5-day cycles of bolus @entity1487 ( @entity1487 ) every 4 weeks at a dose of 500 mg/m(2)/d followed by concurrent chemoradiation followed by two additional 5-day cycles of @entity1487 at a dose of 450 mg/m(2)/d. Continuous-infusion @entity1487 at 225 mg/m(2)/d was given during radiation. Pelvic radiation consisted of a three- or four-field technique with a median dose of 54.0 Gy in 30 fractions. RESULTS: Median follow-up was 6.1 years. Mean baseline FSH levels increased from 5.3 to a peak of 23.9 IU/L (p < 0.001) 13-24 months after chemoradiation. Mean baseline LH levels increased from 4.3 to a peak of 8.5 IU/L (p < 0.001) within 6 months after chemoradiation. Mean @entity251 levels decreased from 15.4 nmol/L at baseline to 8.0 nmol/L more than 4 years after chemoradiation. Mean @entity251 to mean LH ratio decreased from 4.4 at baseline to 1.1 after 48 months posttreatment, suggesting a continued decrease in Leydig cell function with time. Testicular dose was measured in 5 @entity1 . Median dose was 4 Gy (range, 1.5-8.9 Gy). CONCLUSIONS: Chemoradiation in @entity1 with @entity5 causes persistent increases in FSH and LH levels and decreases in @entity251 levels.

title: Alterations in hormone levels after adjuvant chemoradiation in male @entity5 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['rectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity1753 :: ('MESH:D001169', 'Disease') :: ['Adjuvant chemoradiation']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1210 ( @entity1210 ) occurs in @entity74 , including @entity2395 and other @entity8453 , and commonly presents in the spleen and liver. We present a case of @entity1745 in a @entity1 with @entity8674 intermedia, and review the literature and available treatment options. @entity1 AND METHODS: A 35-year-old black female with @entity8674 intermedia presented with a 3-week history of back @entity158 and lower extremity @entity425 . Neurologic examination was consistent with @entity1745 , and @entity2287 enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) confirmed this diagnosis. She was given intravenous @entity230 and radiotherapy was begun in 200 cGy fractions to a total dose of 2000 cGy. RESULTS: At the completion of radiotherapy the @entity1 was ambulatory with mild @entity425 . MRI scans 16 months later showed smaller, but persistent masses, and she remains asymptomatic 5 years from her diagnosis. CONCLUSION: Recognition of spinal cord @entity1210 requires prompt physical examination and MRI for accurate diagnosis. @entity1210 can be managed with radiation, surgery, transfusions, or a combination of these therapies. Radiation in conservative doses of (750-3500 cGy) is non-invasive, avoids the surgical risks of potentially severe @entity548 and incomplete resection, and has a high complete remission rate in the majority of @entity1 . Relapse rates are moderate (37.5%), but retreatment provides excellent chance for second remission.

title: XXXX due to extramedullary @entity1210 in @entity8674 intermedia.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PATIENT', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['residual weakness', 'weakness']

entities_list: @entity1745 :: ('MESH:D013117', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord compression']

entities_list: @entity2287 :: ('MESH:D005682', 'Chemical') :: ['gadolinium']

entities_list: @entity8453 :: ('MESH:D006453', 'Disease') :: ['hemoglobinopathies']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['many disorders']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity8674 :: ('MESH:D017086', 'Disease') :: ['beta-thalassemia']

entities_list: @entity2395 :: ('MESH:D013789', 'Disease') :: ['thalassemias']

entities_list: @entity1210 :: ('MESH:C536227', 'Disease') :: ['Extramedullary hematopoiesis', 'EMH']

answer: @entity1745 :: (MESH:D013117,Disease) :: ['Spinal cord compression']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The efficacy of treatments for @entity6 -induced @entity323 (DMED) is quite poor, and stem cell therapy is emerging as a useful method. In this study, we used endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) overexpressing @entity1 telomerase reverse transcriptase ( @entity2215 ) for the treatment of DMED. @entity35 EPCs were transfected with @entity2215 (EPCs- @entity2215 ). EPCs- @entity2215 secreted more growth factors and demonstrated enhanced proliferation and resistance to oxidative stress. Twenty-four male DMED @entity35 were subjected to four treatments: DMED (DMED group), EPCs (EPCs group), EPCs transduced with control lentivirus (EPC-control group) and EPCs- @entity2215 (EPCs- @entity2215 group). A group of healthy @entity35 were used as the normal control group. The erectile function in the EPCs- @entity2215 group was markedly increased compared with the EPCs and EPCs-control groups. The EPCs- @entity2215 group exhibited more growth factors, smooth muscle content and retained stem cells in penile tissues. The degree of apoptosis and collagen/smooth muscle ratio in penile tissues of the EPCs- @entity2215 group was considerably reduced. Endothelial @entity842 synthase (eNOS) expression increased significantly in the EPCs- @entity2215 group. Taken together, these data showed that the enhanced paracrine effect, resistance to oxidative stress and proliferation of EPCs- @entity2215 may contribute to the improvements of erectile function in DMED @entity35 .

title: Treatment of @entity6 -induced XXXX using endothelial progenitor cells genetically modified with @entity1 telomerase reverse transcriptase.

entities_list: @entity323 :: ('MESH:D007172', 'Disease') :: ['erectile dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

answer: @entity323 :: (MESH:D007172,Disease) :: ['erectile dysfunction']


abstract: A 2-year-old male @entity1 of exstrophy- @entity7890 complex presented to us. He had not received any treatment at the time of presentation. It was decided to perform a combined @entity1494 and @entity7890 repair under general anaesthesia. There was a wide @entity6877 of symphysis pubis, it was decided to perform a bilateral anterior innominate and vertical @entity1029 . The bladder was closed in two layers. The urethroplasty and penile reconstruction was done by modified Cantwell-Ransley repair. At the completion of procedure to prevent distraction of pubis, the baby was strapped using elastoplast bandage. The @entity1 had a very good cosmetic outcome, good pubic and rectus muscle approximation. On clamping the suprapubic catheter, the @entity1 started passing urine per urethrally and there was a small penopubic fistula. Thereafter the suprapubic catheter was removed. The urine culture was sterile and the @entity1 was discharged on prophylactic antibiotics. The @entity1 is due for follow-up.

title: Combined XXXX and @entity7890 repair.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'child']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bladder exstrophy']

entities_list: @entity1029 :: ('MESH:D017543', 'Disease') :: ['iliac osteotomy']

entities_list: @entity6877 :: ('MESH:D046548', 'Disease') :: ['diastasis']

entities_list: @entity7890 :: ('MESH:D004842', 'Disease') :: ['epispadias']

answer: @entity1494 :: (MESH:D001745,Disease) :: ['bladder exstrophy']


abstract: The hallmark of the lesions in @entity15 ( @entity15 ) is inflammatory demyelination with sparing of axons. Recent neuropathological and neuroradiological investigations show that structural changes of the axons occur, both in plaques and in the normal appearing @entity62 . A better understanding of the @entity21 in @entity15 is important, since this may be responsible for @entity2319 . We have investigated the immunoreactivity for ubiquitin, a sensitive method to detect @entity3986 and accumulation of abnormal proteins in pathological conditions of the nervous system, in the brains of six cases of @entity15 (age range 39-66 years). Tissue blocks were fixed in @entity406 and embedded in paraffin. A panel of antibodies was used: anti-ubiquitin, anti-neurofilament (SMI-31 + SMI-32), anti-amyloid precursor protein and anti- @entity5855 . We focused our attention on chronic plaques, recognized by the absence of Luxol Fast Blue B-positive inclusions in macrophages. SMI-31 + SMI-32 showed the presence of a variable amount of axons within the plaques; the axonal network within the plaques was looser than outside. No ubiquitin reactivity was present in chronic plaques. In the normally myelinated @entity62 surrounding the plaques, a dense granular ubiquitin immunoreactivity was found both near and far from the plaque edge. No similar staining was found in control brains. Ubiquitination is the first step of a non-lysosomal degradation pathway of proteins. The present findings suggest a derangement of this proteolytic pathway in the axons outside the plaques, possibly as a consequence of chronic absence of myelin in the axonal segment inside the plaque. The spectrum of axonal changes in @entity15 appears to be wider than expected and involves the apparently normal @entity62 .

title: Abnormal ubiquitination of axons in normally myelinated XXXX in multiple sclerosis brain.

entities_list: @entity3986 :: ('MESH:D009136', 'Disease') :: ['axonal dystrophy']

entities_list: @entity406 :: ('MESH:D005557', 'Chemical') :: ['formalin']

entities_list: @entity2319 :: ('MESH:D003638', 'Disease') :: ['permanent disability']

entities_list: @entity21 :: ('MESH:D001480', 'Disease') :: ['axonal damage']

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['white matter']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['MS', 'multiple sclerosis']

answer: @entity62 :: (MESH:D056784,Disease) :: ['white matter']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To stress that different atypical evolutions occur in the course of disease in some @entity1 with the so called benign partial @entity302 of childhood (BPEC). To promote interest in finding clinical and/or electroencephalographic clues to recognize which @entity1 might be prone to present these risks. METHODS: Follow up of 26 pediatric @entity1 who started with typical clinical and EEG features of @entity302 with @entity1654 (BCECTS) but presented reversible or persistent serious @entity302 events including @entity159 and language, @entity73 . Repeated neurological examinations, EEG records and neuropsychological evaluations were done in the course of up to 14 years. Brain imaging studies (CAT and/or MRI) were obtained in all @entity1 . RESULTS: Four groups of @entity1 were recognized: 11 @entity1 with atypical benign partial @entity302 of childhood (ABPEC) followed during 4 to 13 years. All have finally recovered and attend normal schools, although five have learning difficulties. Three @entity1 met diagnostic criteria for @entity12924 ( @entity12924 ). Two of them recovered from aphasia and in one, some language difficulties persist. Seven @entity1 showed @entity159 of BCECTS but all of them are now normal after 3 to 14 years of follow-up. Five @entity1 showed mixed features of the three groups mentioned above and three of them fulfilled the criteria for diagnosis of the syndrome of @entity25 ( @entity25 ). CONCLUSIONS: A small proportion of cases starting with BCECTS evolve into either ABPEC, @entity12924 , status of BCECTS or the syndrome of @entity25 . Then, BCECTS is not always benign. Clinical and EEG markers should be sought to predict these atypical evolutions.

title: [Atypical evolutions of benign partial @entity302 of infancy with XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity12924 :: ('MESH:D018887', 'Disease') :: ['Landau-Kleffner syndrome', 'LKS']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['CSWS', 'continuous spike-wave during slow sleep']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive or behavioral impairments']

entities_list: @entity1654 :: ('MESH:D019305', 'Disease') :: ['centro-temporal spikes']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsies', 'benign childhood epilepsy', 'epileptic', 'epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity159 :: ('MESH:D013226', 'Disease') :: ['status epilepticus']

answer: @entity1654 :: (MESH:D019305,Disease) :: ['centro-temporal spikes']


abstract: Pericellular @entity26 concentration represents an important factor in the regulation of cell functions, including cell differentiation, growth and mitochondrial energy metabolism. @entity519 in adipose tissue has been associated with altered adipokine secretion profile and suggested as a possible factor in the development of @entity164 2 @entity6 . In vitro experiments provide an indispensable tool in metabolic research, however, physical laws of gas diffusion make prolonged exposure of adherent cells to desired pericellular @entity3612 concentrations questionable. The aim of this study was to investigate the direct effect of various @entity3612 levels (1%, 4% and 20% @entity3612 ) on the proteomic profile and @entity412 accumulation in 3T3-L1 differentiated preadipocytes using gas-permeable cultureware. Following differentiation of cells under desired pericellular @entity3612 concentrations, cell lysates were subjected to two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and protein visualization using Coomassie blue staining. Spots showing differential expression under @entity519 were analyzed using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry. All identified proteins were subjected to pathway analysis. We observed that protein expression of 26 spots was reproducibly affected by 4% and 1% @entity3612 (17 upregulated and 9 downregulated). Pathway analysis showed that mitochondrial energy metabolism and @entity412 synthesis were significantly upregulated by @entity519 . In conclusion, this study demonstrated the direct effects of pericellular @entity3612 levels on adipocyte energy metabolism and @entity412 synthesis, probably mediated through the reversed @entity6626 cycle flux.

title: The Effect of Pericellular XXXX Levels on Proteomic Profile and Lipogenesis in 3T3-L1 Differentiated Preadipocytes Cultured on Gas-Permeable Cultureware.

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['Hypoxia', 'hypoxia']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity6626 :: ('CHEBI:27093', 'Chemical') :: ['tricarboxylic acid']

answer: @entity26 :: (MESH:D010100,Chemical) :: ['Oxygen']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The aim of the study was to assess the health related quality of life in @entity1 suffering from @entity15 ( @entity15 ) in association with clinical features, @entity1295 and @entity308 . METHODS: The examined group consisted of 61 @entity1 (45 @entity1 and 16 @entity1 ) in the mean age of 38.6 +/- 11.4. The mean duration of disease was 7.1 +/- 6.1 years. The control group consisted of 30 healthy volunteers. The following questionnaires were used: EuroQol (EQ5D) with visual scale EuroQol-VAS, Modified Impact Fatigue Scale (MIFS) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). RESULTS: The quality of life in the examined group of @entity15 @entity1 was significantly lower in comparison to the control group. Results of EQ-5D and EQ-VAS were influenced by age, disease course, level of disability and carried treatment. Statistically significant association was also found between results of the questionnaires assessing quality of life and either @entity308 . CONCLUSION: The used questionnaires confirmed that quality of life in @entity1 with @entity15 is significantly worse, especially in the older @entity1 with secondary progressive course of the disease, more disable and not treated. Presence of @entity1295 and @entity308 influenced the self-assessment of quality of life. Complex care of @entity15 @entity1 should consider diagnosis and @entity308 which could improve their quality of life.

title: [Quality of life in @entity15 --association with clinical features, @entity1295 and XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'people', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['fatigue or depressive symptoms', 'depressive symptoms', 'treatment of fatigue and depression']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['depressive syndrome']


abstract: PURPOSE: Fractures of the pubic rami due to low energy @entity130 are common in the elderly, with an incidence of 26 per 100,000 @entity1 per year in those aged more than 60 years. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical application of this minimally invasive technique in @entity1 with @entity174 combined with a @entity130 , including its feasibility, merits, and limitations. METHODS: Fifteen @entity1 with @entity174 combined with @entity130 were treated with the minimally invasive technique from June 2008 until April 2012. The quality of @entity174 reduction was evaluated according to the Matta standard. RESULTS: Fourteen cases were excellent (93.3 %), and one case was good (6.7 %). The @entity174 lines were healed 12 weeks after the surgery. The 15 @entity1 had follow-up visits between four to 50 months (mean, 22.47 months). All @entity1 returned to their pre-injury jobs and lifestyles. One @entity1 suffered a @entity1150 during the peri-operative period. A filter was placed in the @entity1 before the surgery and was removed six weeks later. There was no @entity715 found at the follow-up visits of this @entity1 . CONCLUSION: The minimally invasive technique in @entity1 with @entity174 combined with a @entity130 provided satisfactory efficacy.

title: Minimally invasive treatment for XXXX combined with a @entity130 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'people']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['pubic ramus fractures', 'fracture']

entities_list: @entity1150 :: ('MESH:D020246', 'Disease') :: ['deep vein thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombus']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['sacroiliac joint complex injury', 'trauma', 'sacroiliac joint injury']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['pubic ramus fractures']


abstract: Eleven @entity1 with @entity1640 primary @entity4999 , aged between 17 and 23 years, were examined. Each @entity1 was given 10 mg @entity49359 (E) orally over a period of 10 days followed by a 20-day pause. This regimen was repeated 6 times. Gonadotropin secretory patterns were investigated between 9 a.m. and 2 p.m. before, during (on the 5th day of treatment in the 4th cycle) and 3 weeks after termination of treatment. In addition LHRH double stimulation tests were carried out before and after treatment to evaluate the acute releasable pool of gonadotropins as well as the pituitary synthesis capacity. In 3 @entity1 with low baseline gonadotropin levels no effect of E on the release of gonadotropins could be found. These @entity1 also showed non-pulsatile secretion with low baseline gonadotropin levels and no response in the LHRH stimulation tests. Similar results could be observed in one @entity1 with low baseline LH levels but FSH levels within the normal range. Variable results were found in 7 @entity1 with both LH and FSH in the normal range: 3 @entity1 experienced @entity548 during and/or after E treatment; 1 @entity1 stated that spotting had occurred twice. These 4 @entity1 all showed regular pulsatile LH secretion after cessation of E treatment; the duration of the LH pulses was 60 to 120 minutes. Some @entity1640 activity seems to be essential for a positive response to E in @entity1 with primary @entity4999 . This activity is characterized by a positive gestagen test as well as baseline gonadotropin levels in the normal range.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Treatment of hypothalamically-induced primary amenorrhea with XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'woman', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['menstrual bleeding']

entities_list: @entity1640 :: ('MESH:D007027', 'Disease') :: ['hypothalamic']

entities_list: @entity49359 :: ('MESH:D004836', 'Chemical') :: ['epimestrol']

entities_list: @entity4999 :: ('MESH:C537962', 'Disease') :: ['amenorrhoea']

answer: @entity49359 :: (MESH:D004836,Chemical) :: ['epimestrol']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIM: Family members of a @entity1 with an acquired @entity1545 often provide transport assistance during driving disruption with potential impacts on their own travel and participation within the community. The geographic area in which @entity1 travel and conduct their activities is known as lifespace. This study aimed to describe the quantitative changes in family members' lifespace after @entity1545 and understand their subjective experiences through interacting with maps during narratives. METHODS: Mapping was embedded within in-depth semi-structured interviews with 15 family members. Two sets of maps were generated per @entity1 showing the number of travel locations before and after @entity1545 . In the interviews, @entity1 reflected on the perceived meaning of lifespace change. Qualitative data were analysed using a narrative approach. RESULTS: Quantitative data from the mapping revealed an increase in travel locations for nine @entity1 , a decrease for five, and no change for one @entity1 . Data analysis revealed four typologies which complemented and enriched the quantitative data: (i) I will do everything for him or her; (ii) Trying to fit all in; (iii) We spend all our time together now; (iv) I need to also care for myself. CONCLUSIONS: The findings describe the change in family members' lifespace after taking on the driver role following acquired @entity1545 . This study highlights the importance of understanding both quantitative and qualitative aspects of lifespace. The subjective experiences and consequences of lifespace changes are different from the impact on individuals with health conditions. Mapping in an interview as a tool has potential clinical utility.

title: Family members' narratives of lifespace: Mapping changes before and after a XXXX causing driving disruption.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'participant', 'person', 'people']

entities_list: @entity1545 :: ('MESH:D020214', 'Disease') :: ['brain injury']

answer: @entity1545 :: (MESH:D020214,Disease) :: ['brain injury']


abstract: @entity1491 is a pathologic variant of @entity1491 characterized by the presence of atypical-appearing, mononuclear or multinucleated giant cells. Including our 3 @entity1 , a total of 52 @entity1491 have been described in 48 individuals. The @entity5 usually present as a nodule on the head or neck. The nuclei of the @entity5 cells are irregularly shaped, hyperchromatic, and 2 to 10 times larger than the nuclei of the surrounding @entity5 cells. Atypical mitoses may be present. The pathogenesis of @entity1491 remains to be determined; however, investigations utilizing electron microscopy, immunohistochemistry, image analysis, and flow cytometry have provided additional insight regarding the features of the @entity5 cells and the etiology of this @entity5 . All of these @entity5 are aneuploid. Although these @entity5 have alarming microscopic features, their clinical course is similar to that of @entity1491 without @entity5 cells. Therefore, appropriate therapy to ensure adequate treatment of the @entity5 is recommended. Our @entity1 ' @entity1491 were successfully treated by excision using the Mohs micrographic surgical technique.

title: XXXX : case reports and review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['giant tumor', 'tumor', 'pleomorphic giant tumor', 'cancer', 'aneuploid tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1491 :: ('MESH:D002280', 'Disease') :: ['basal cell carcinomas', 'Pleomorphic basal cell carcinoma', 'basal cell carcinoma', 'pleomorphic basal cell carcinoma', 'pleomorphic basal cell carcinomas']

answer: @entity1491 :: (MESH:D002280,Disease) :: ['Pleomorphic basal cell carcinoma']


abstract: The presence of persistent microalbuminuria in @entity1723 is strongly predictive of the future development of end stage @entity177 and of @entity65 to a lesser extent. Screening for microalbuminuria is an essential component of modern @entity6 practice, as effective antihypertensive therapy, and particularly, the use of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors is of proven benefit in retarding progression of @entity8 . Cost benefit analysis justifies the expense of microalbuminuria screening programmes and early intervention. It has been estimated that the use of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors in microalbuminuric @entity1723 will save 5200 Pounds-11,000 Pounds per year of life saved. Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors are not free of side-effects, and it is therefore essential, given the intrinsic variability of the albumin excretion rate, and the regression to normoalbuminuria of a significant proportion of @entity1 , to confirm the diagnosis of microalbuminuria by repeated measurements prior to the commencement of treatment. The value of intensive glycaemic control is unproven, and further prospective studies are required. There are no proven therapies for the prevention of @entity66 in @entity1723 , although the value of cessation of smoking and aggressive blood pressure control are undoubted in the non-diabetic population. Controversy persists about the value of lipid lowering therapy, especially in young @entity1 , although even in this group there is an increased risk of @entity65 . Microalbuminuria is the strongest known predictor of @entity65 in @entity2175 ; in contrast to the situation in the non-diabetic population, active lipid lowering therapy is not of proven cardiac benefit, but intervention seems justifiable when taken in the context of the very high prevalence of @entity65 . Microalbuminuria is also predictive of @entity454 in @entity2175 . Although intervention with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors has not been proven to prevent @entity454 , stabilisation of albumin excretion rate and @entity1011 clearance have been demonstrated in normotensive @entity2175 , and it seems likely that longer term follow-up studies will confirm the benefit of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors in the prevention of @entity454 . The observed predictive power of microalbuminuria as regards both cardiac and renal risk in @entity2175 when considered in conjunction with the preliminary results of the benefits of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition lend further support to the employment of microalbuminuria screening in @entity2175 .

title: Microalbuminuria: a marker to increased @entity65 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal disease']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['macrovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage renal disease', 'end stage renal disease']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes mellitus']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The long-term effects of cardiac cell transplantation on cardiac function are unknown. Therefore, we tested the survival and functional impact of @entity35 neonatal cardiac myocytes up to 6 months after transplantation into infarcted hearts. METHODS AND RESULTS: Cardiomyocytes from male neonatal Fischer 344 @entity35 (1 to 2 days, 3 to 5x10(6)) or medium was injected into the @entity1188 of adult syngeneic female animals 1 week after left coronary artery ligation. Six months later, implanted cardiomyocytes were still present by quantitative TaqMan polymerase chain reaction and histology. In all treated hearts, discrete lumps of cells were present within the @entity1188 , which was not observed in media-injected hearts typified by a transmural @entity1188 . Infarct thickness was greater in treated animals versus control animals (909+/-97 versus 619+/-43 microm, P<0.02), whereas @entity1188 size and left ventricular volumes were similar. By biplane angiography, left ventricular ejection fractions at 6 months were greater (0.36+/-0.03 versus 0.25+/-0.02, P<0.01) and significantly less @entity1188 zone dyskinesis was seen (0.30+/-0.08 versus 0.55+/-0.07, P=0.035, lateral projection) in treated animals versus control animals. CONCLUSIONS: Grafted neonatal cardiomyocytes were present in @entity1188 6 months after transplantation; they thickened the wall of the left ventricle and were associated with enhanced ejection fraction and reduced paradoxical systolic bulging of the @entity1188 . Therefore, neonatal cardiac cell transplants exhibit long-term survival in a @entity583 model and contribute to long-term improved cardiac function. These results suggest that a damaged heart can be rebuilt.

title: Rebuilding a damaged heart: long-term survival of transplanted neonatal @entity35 cardiomyocytes after XXXX and effect on cardiac function.

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarct']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarcts', 'infarct', 'infarct scar']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarction']


abstract: The relation between baseline clinical variables and subsequent mortality was examined in 295 @entity1 with mild to moderate @entity712 who participated in a multicenter trial comparing the effect on treadmill exercise tolerance of @entity3371 , @entity6838 and placebo given in addition to a diuretic drug. At baseline study, all @entity1 had a left ventricular ejection fraction less than or equal to 40%; 81% were in New York Heart Association functional class II. The etiology of @entity712 was @entity63 in 62% and nonischemic in 38%. During an average follow-up period of 16 months, 47 @entity1 (16%) died and 24 deaths were classified as sudden. By univariate analysis, left ventricular ejection fraction, ventricular premature beat frequency, couplet frequency, @entity1165 frequency, functional class, treadmill exercise time and nonischemic @entity299 were statistically associated with mortality. With multiple logistic regression analysis, left ventricular ejection fraction was identified as the variable most closely associated with total mortality (p = 0.006). Twenty-seven percent of @entity1 with an ejection fraction less than or equal to 20% died compared with 7% with an ejection fraction greater than or equal to 30%. @entity1165 frequency on Holter monitoring was independently associated with both total mortality (p = 0.008) and @entity944 (p = 0.003). @entity1 with a @entity1165 frequency of greater than 0.088 events/h had a mortality rate of 34% compared with 12% in those without @entity1165 . In the multivariate model, functional class (p = 0.02) and etiology of nonischemic @entity299 (p = 0.04) remained as independent predictors of mortality, whereas treadmill exercise duration did not.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Predictors of total mortality and @entity944 in mild to moderate XXXX . Captopril-Digoxin Study Group.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['Ventricular tachycardia', 'ventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity944 :: ('MESH:D003645', 'Disease') :: ['sudden death']

entities_list: @entity3371 :: ('CHEBI:3380', 'Chemical') :: ['captopril']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart disease']

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['heart failure']


abstract: Abstract Background: @entity5902 ( @entity5902 ) is a bilateral chronic, seasonally exacerbated @entity32 of the ocular surface that especially affects male @entity1 and young @entity1 . Aim: To evaluate the corneal microscopic features of @entity1 affected by @entity5902 and to assess whether some corneal changes were associated with specific @entity1109 and/or signs. Methods: 20 @entity1 aged between 4 and 14 years were enrolled. All @entity1 underwent corneal confocal microscopy by Confoscan @entity34924 (Nidek). 350 images of the central @entity735 were obtained with a  40 noncontact lens 3,5 micron gap in automode. Results: Some alterations of the sub-basal and stromal corneal nerves were detected. These alterations were more evident in @entity1 with higher severity of @entity3917 . On the other hand, there were scarce other signs of the anterior segment of the eye. Conclusions: Our preliminary findings show that there is another group of @entity1 affected by @entity5902 , characterized by an intense @entity3917 caused by @entity16 and without other significant ocular alterations. Therefore confocal microscopy may be useful for an early identification of corneal alterations before the onset of @entity146 and to set an appropriate therapeutic management.

title: Assessment of Corneal Alterations by Confocal Microscopy in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['severe ocular symptoms']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['corneal damage']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['ocular symptoms']

entities_list: @entity735 :: ('MESH:D005124', 'Disease') :: ['cornea of each eye']

entities_list: @entity5902 :: ('MESH:D003233', 'Disease') :: ['VKC', 'Vernal keratoconjunctivitis']

entities_list: @entity3917 :: ('MESH:D020795', 'Disease') :: ['photophobia']

answer: @entity5902 :: (MESH:D003233,Disease) :: ['Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The dismal prognosis of very-high-risk childhood @entity981 could be improved by allogeneic haemopoietic cell transplantation. We compared this strategy with intensified chemotherapy protocols, with the aim to improve the outcome of @entity1 with very-high-risk @entity981 in first complete remission. METHODS: A cooperative prospective study was set up in seven countries. Very-high-risk @entity981 in first complete remission was defined by the presence of at least one of the following criteria: (1) failure to achieve complete remission after the first four-drug induction phase; (2) t(9;22) or t(4;11) @entity2214 ; and (3) poor response to @entity229 associated with T immunophenotype, white-blood-cell count of 100x10(9)/L or greater, or both. @entity1 were allocated treatment by genetic chance, according to the availability of a compatible related donor, and assigned chemotherapy or haemopoietic-cell transplantation. The primary outcome was disease-free survival and analysis was by intention to treat. FINDINGS: Between April, 1995, and December, 2000, 357 @entity1 entered the study, of whom 280 were assigned chemotherapy and 77 related-donor haemopoietic-cell transplantation. 5-year disease-free survival was 40.6% (SE 3.1) in @entity1 allocated chemotherapy and 56.7% (5.7) in those assigned transplantation (hazard ratio 0.67 [95% CI 0.46-0.99]; p=0.02); 5-year survival was 50.1% (3.1) and 56.4% (5.9), respectively (0.73 [0.49-1.09]; p=0.12). INTERPRETATION: @entity1 with very-high-risk @entity981 benefit from related-donor haemopoietic-cell transplantation compared with chemotherapy. The gap between the two strategies increases as the risk profile of the @entity1 worsens.

title: Chemotherapy versus allogeneic transplantation for very-high-risk childhood XXXX in first complete remission: comparison by genetic randomisation in an international prospective study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity981 :: ('MESH:D054198', 'Disease') :: ['acute lymphoblastic leukaemia']

entities_list: @entity2214 :: ('MESH:D007945', 'Disease') :: ['clonal abnormalities']

answer: @entity981 :: (MESH:D054198,Disease) :: ['acute lymphoblastic leukaemia']


abstract: CONTEXT: Prophylactic antibiotics, paired with wound care and surgical intervention, is considered the standard of care for @entity1 with @entity4422 . Guidelines from the Eastern Association for the Surgery of @entity130 (EAST) recommend specific prophylactic antimicrobial therapy based on the type of @entity4422 . AIMS: We quantified adherence to EAST guideline recommendations and documented the incidence of @entity281 in @entity1 with @entity4422 . SETTINGS AND DESIGN: A retrospective, observational study of all @entity1 with @entity4422 admitted to our facility from January 2004 to December 2008 was conducted. MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity1 were divided into compliant and noncompliant groups according to the EAST guideline recommendations. Compliance was defined as an appropriate spectrum of therapy for guideline suggested duration. We assessed for surgical and non-surgical site infections, and morbidity outcomes. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Nominal data were explored using summary measures. Continuous variables were compared using the Student t-test or the Mann-Whitney U-test. Dichotomous data were compared using   (2) statistic or Fisher's exact test. RESULTS: The final analysis included 214 patients. Prophylactic antibiotics were guideline compliant in 28.5% of @entity1 , and ranged from 10.0% in type 3b @entity174 to 52.7% in type 1 @entity174 . The most common reason for non-compliance was the use of guideline recommended coverage that exceeded the suggested duration (71.2%). @entity1 who received non-compliant therapy required prolonged hospital lengths of stay (6 vs. 3 days, P = 0.0001). The overall incidence of @entity281 was similar regardless of guideline compliance (17.0% vs. 11.5%, P = 0.313). CONCLUSIONS: Prophylactic antibiotics for @entity4422 frequently exceeded guideline recommendations in duration and spectrum of coverage, especially in more severe @entity174 types. Non-compliance with EAST recommendations was associated with increased in-hospital morbidity.

title: Compliance with the Eastern Association for the Surgery of XXXX guidelines for prophylactic antibiotics after open extremity @entity174 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'fracture']

entities_list: @entity4422 :: ('MESH:D005597', 'Disease') :: ['open fracture']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['Trauma']


abstract: @entity1 with locally advanced @entity788 who receive conventional therapy with radiation with @entity1487 ( @entity1487 ) have median survivals ranging from 8 to 12 months. Here we report our experience with a four-drug chemotherapeutic regimen that resulted in sufficient downstaging of @entity5 in some @entity1 to justify surgical reexploration and resection. From April 1991 through April 1994, 38 @entity1 received @entity1487 as a continuous infusion (200 mg/m2/day), @entity460 leucovorin weekly by intravenous bolus injection (30 mg/m2), @entity1138 -C every 6 weeks (10 mg/m2 intravenously), and @entity4341 daily orally (75 mg) for locally advanced unresected @entity788 . All of these @entity1 were evaluable for response, @entity137 , and survival. There were 14 partial responses and one complete response--a 39% response rate. The median survival for all @entity1 was 15.5 months; the 1-year survival rate from time of initial diagnosis was 70%. Six of 15 responding @entity1 had sufficient @entity5 regression to meet clinical criteria for resectability and reexploration, four of whom underwent a curative resection. The median survival of these six @entity1 was 28 months from the time of original diagnosis. The 1-year survival was 83%, with one @entity1 still alive and free of disease at 53 months. We believe this unique experience from a single institution justifies a prospective multi-institutional trial to evaluate the efficacy of this approach in a larger number of @entity1 .

title: Resection of locally advanced @entity788 after downstaging with continuous-infusion @entity1487 , XXXX , leucovorin, and @entity4341 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer', 'pancreatic adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity1138 :: ('MESH:D016685', 'Chemical') :: ['mitomycin']

entities_list: @entity4341 :: ('MESH:D004176', 'Chemical') :: ['dipyridamole']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

answer: @entity1138 :: (MESH:D016685,Chemical) :: ['mitomycin-C']


abstract: BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Several pharmacological properties of @entity47705 extract have been reported including anti-oxidant, anti- @entity5 , and reduced @entity5 cell invasion. This study was conducted to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of @entity47705 extract on the production of inflammatory mediators in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced Raw 264.7 macrophages. MATERIALS/METHODS: Pro-inflammatory cytokines including @entity5 @entity39 factor-a and interleukin-6 were determined by ELISA and cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible @entity842 synthase expression was evaluated using western blot analysis. In addition, the signaling pathway controlling the inflammatory cascade such as nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB), activator proteins-1 ( @entity9829 ), and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) was determined. RESULTS: Our results showed that @entity47705 polar extract fraction ( @entity47706 ), but not non-polar extract fraction, inhibited interleukin-6, @entity5 @entity39 factor-a, and @entity842 production in LPS-induced Raw 264.7 cells. @entity47706 also reduced the expression of inflammatory enzymes, inducible @entity842 synthase, and cyclooxygenase-2. In addition, activation of @entity9829 and NF-kB transcription factor in the nucleus was abrogated by @entity47706 . @entity47706 inhibited the phosphorylation of extracellular signaling-regulated kinase 1/2, c-Jun @entity2733 -terminal kinase, and @entity1995 signaling responsible for the expression of inflammatory mediators in LPS-stimulated Raw 264.7 cells. Based on chemical analysis, high amounts of @entity22271 and @entity23382 were detected in the @entity47706 fraction. However, only @entity22271 reduced NF-kB and @entity9829 activation in LPS-activated Raw 264.7 cells. CONCLUSION: These observations suggest that the anti-inflammatory properties of @entity47706 may stem from the inhibition of pro-inflammatory mediators via suppression of the @entity9829 , NF-kB, and MAPKs pathways.

title: Anti-inflammatory effects of @entity22271 -rich XXXX extract via suppression of MAPK, @entity9829 and NF-kB pathways in Raw 264.7 macrophages.

entities_list: @entity23382 :: ('CHEBI:23053', 'Chemical') :: ['catechins']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity22271 :: ('MESH:C013221', 'Chemical') :: ['proanthocyanidin']

answer: @entity47705 :: (4528,Species) :: ['red rice']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The purpose was to analyse the clinical and radiological findings, and management approaches used in 30 consecutive cases of @entity130 of nonarterial origin treated at one centre. METHOD: Medical records for 30 @entity1 surgically treated for epidural haematoma of nonarterial origin between 1997 and 2003 were reviewed. @entity14159 of nonarterial origin was diagnosed based on computed tomography (CT) and the @entity548 source was confirmed intra-operatively. Admission status, outcome, @entity174 location, haematoma location/size/volume, and additional intracranial pathology were among the data noted. Two groups were formed for analysis: @entity50 (group 1) and other venous sources (group 2). FINDINGS: The 30 cases accounted for 25% of the total number of traumatic epidural haematomas (n = 120) treated during the same period. The epidural haematomas of nonarterial origin locations were transverse sigmoid sinus (n = 11; 36.7%), superior sagittal sinus (n = 6; 20%), venous lakes (n = 5; 16.6%), diplo   (n = 5; 0.16%), arachnoid granulations (n = 2; 6.7%), petrosal sinus (n = 1; 3.3%). There were 12 postoperative complications in 9 @entity1 : recurrence (n = 4; 13.3% of the 30 total), @entity55 (n = 4; 13.3%), @entity693 (n = 2; 6.7%), @entity1276 (n = 1; 3.3%) and subdural effusion (n = 1; 3.3%). All recurrence cases were re-explored. Six (20%) @entity1 died. Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) scores (mean follow-up 13.3 +/- 7.8 months) revealed 22 (73.3%) @entity1 with favourable results (GOS 4-5) and 8 (26.7%) had poor results (GOS 1-3). CONCLUSIONS: Cases of epidural haematoma of nonarterial origin differ from the more common @entity392 with respect to lesion location, surgical @entity260 , and outcome. @entity14159 of nonarterial origin should be suspected if preoperative CT shows a haematoma overlying a dural venous sinus or in the posterior fossa and convexity. The sinus-origin group had a high frequency of @entity174 which crossed the sinuses, and this might be diagnostically and surgically useful in such cases.

title: XXXX of nonarterial origin: analysis of 30 consecutive cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['hydrocephalus']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['planning, postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity693 :: ('MESH:D008581', 'Disease') :: ['meningitis']

entities_list: @entity14159 :: ('MESH:D015174', 'Disease') :: ['Epidural haematoma']

entities_list: @entity392 :: ('MESH:D014012', 'Disease') :: ['arterial-origin epidural haematomas']

entities_list: @entity50 :: ('MESH:D012851', 'Disease') :: ['venous sinus bleeding']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['traumatic epidural haematoma']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['Traumatic epidural haematomas']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity4772 due to @entity560 depletion is believed to be rare in the United States because of the routine fortification of milk and other dairy products with @entity560 . We present a series of @entity1 with histologically verified @entity4772 due to @entity560 depletion to emphasize the need for more careful and systematic surveillance of @entity1 at risk of this @entity2331 . METHODS: Between 1989 and 1994, 17 @entity1 with @entity4772 due to @entity560 depletion were seen in the Bone and Mineral Division of Henry Ford Health System, Detroit. All @entity1 had a transiliac bone biopsy after in vivo double @entity803 labeling. Biochemical indexes of @entity560 nutritional status, parathyroid function, markers of @entity79 , and bone mineral density were assessed at the time of bone biopsy. The duration of symptoms, the lag between the cause of @entity560 depletion and the development of symptoms, and the radiologic findings were recorded. RESULTS: @entity4772 was suspected by the referring physician in only 4 of the 17 @entity1 , although a @entity344 that can lead to @entity560 depletion was present in every @entity1 . Thirteen of the @entity1 had sustained at least one @entity3604 (wrist, spine, or hip), and most had @entity258 and axial bone mineral density. All @entity1 had one or more biochemical abnormalities consistent with @entity560 depletion. In 4 @entity1 , a progressive rise in the serum alkaline phosphatase level was recorded but was not investigated until the @entity1 presented with @entity158 , @entity425 , or @entity174 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity4772 due to @entity560 depletion appears not to be suspected or diagnosed promptly in susceptible @entity1 , perhaps because their physicians were not sufficiently aware of this condition.

title: @entity4772 due to XXXX depletion: a neglected consequence of intestinal malabsorption.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3604 :: ('MESH:D058866', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporotic fracture']

entities_list: @entity4772 :: ('MESH:D010018', 'Disease') :: ['Osteomalacia', 'osteomalacia']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity258 :: ('MESH:D009800', 'Disease') :: ['low appendicular']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal disorder']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['muscle weakness']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone turnover']

entities_list: @entity2331 :: ('MESH:D001851', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic bone disease']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['bone pain']

entities_list: @entity803 :: ('MESH:D013752', 'Chemical') :: ['tetracycline']

entities_list: @entity560 :: ('MESH:D014807', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin D']

answer: @entity560 :: (MESH:D014807,Chemical) :: ['vitamin D']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the dosimetric and clinical outcomes of involved-field intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IF-IMRT) for @entity1 with early-stage @entity978 ( @entity978 ) with mediastinal involvement. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Fifty-two @entity1 with early-stage @entity978 that involved the mediastinum were reviewed. Eight @entity1 had Stage I disease, and 44 @entity1 had @entity34 . Twenty-three @entity1 (44%) presented with a bulky mediastinum, whereas 42 @entity1 (81%) had involvement of both the mediastinum and either cervical or axillary nodes. All @entity1 received combination chemotherapy followed by IF-IMRT. The prescribed radiation dose was 30-40 Gy. The dose-volume histograms of the target volume and critical normal structures were evaluated. RESULTS: The median mean dose to the primary involved regions (planning target volume, PTV1) and boost area (PTV2) was 37.5 Gy and 42.1 Gy, respectively. Only 0.4% and 1.3% of the PTV1 and 0.1% and 0.5% of the PTV2 received less than 90% and 95% of the prescribed dose, indicating excellent @entity343 coverage. The median mean lung dose and V20 to the lungs were 13.8 Gy and 25.9%, respectively. The 3-year overall survival, local control, and progression-free survival rates were 100%, 97.9%, and 96%, respectively. No Grade 4 or 5 acute or late @entity137 were reported. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the large target volume, IF-IMRT gave excellent dose coverage and a favorable prognosis, with mild @entity137 in @entity1 with early-stage mediastinal @entity978 .

title: Dosimetric and clinical outcomes of involved-field intensity-modulated radiotherapy after chemotherapy for early-stage XXXX with mediastinal involvement.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity978 :: ('MESH:D006689', 'Disease') :: ['HL', "Hodgkin's lymphoma"]

entities_list: @entity34 :: ('MESH:D016609', 'Disease') :: ['Stage II disease']

answer: @entity978 :: (MESH:D006689,Disease) :: ['Hodgkin's lymphoma']


abstract: The impact of null mutations of the genes for the @entity10788 family of neurotrophins and their receptors was examined among the wide variety of medium to large caliber myelinated mechanoreceptors which have a highly specific predictable organization in the mystacial pad of @entity19 . Immunofluorescence with anti-protein gene product 9.5, anti-200-kDa neurofilament protein (RT97), and anti-calcitonin gene-related product was used to label innervation in mystacial pads from @entity19 with homozygous null mutations for @entity10788 ( @entity10788 ), @entity9140 ( @entity9140 ), @entity9139 ( @entity9139 ), @entity28082 ( @entity28082 ), the three @entity669 kinase receptors ( @entity26303 , @entity26304 , @entity42858 ), and the low-affinity @entity10788 receptor @entity20384 . Specimens were sacrificed at birth and at 1, 2, and 4 weeks for each type of mutation as well as at 11 weeks and 1 year for @entity20384 and @entity42858 mutations, respectively. Our results demonstrate several major concepts about the role of neurotrophins in the development of cutaneous mechanoreceptors that are supplied by medium to large caliber myelinated afferents. First, each of the high-affinity @entity669 kinase receptors, @entity26303 , @entity26304 , and @entity42858 , as well as the low-affinity @entity20384 receptor has an impact on at least one type of mechanoreceptor. Second, consistent with the various affinities for particular trk receptors, the elimination of @entity10788 , @entity9140 , and @entity9139 has an impact comparable to or more complex than the absence of their most specific high-affinity receptors: @entity26303 , @entity26304 , and @entity42858 , respectively. These complexities include potential @entity9139 signaling through @entity26303 and @entity26304 to support some neuronal survival. Third, most types of afferents are dependent on a different combination of neurotrophins and receptors for their survival: reticular and transverse lanceolate afferents are dependent upon @entity9139 , @entity10788 , and @entity26303 ; Ruffini afferents upon @entity9140 and @entity26304 ; longitudinal lanceolate afferents upon @entity10788 , @entity26303 , @entity9140 , and @entity26304 ; and Merkel afferents on @entity10788 , @entity26303 , @entity9139 , @entity42858 , and @entity20384 . @entity28082 has no obvious detrimental impact on the mechanoreceptor development in the presence of @entity9140 . Fourth, @entity28082 and @entity9140 signaling through @entity26304 may suppress Merkel innervation and @entity9139 signaling through @entity42858 may suppress Ruffini innervation. Finally, regardless of the neurotrophin/receptor dependency for afferent survival and neurite outgrowth, @entity9139 has an impact on the formation of all the sensory endings. In the context of these findings, indications of competitive and suppressive interactions that appear to regulate the balance of innervation density among the various sets of innervation were evident.

title: Differential dependency of cutaneous mechanoreceptors on neurotrophins, trk receptors, and XXXX LNGFR.

entities_list: @entity9140 :: ('12064(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['BDNF', 'brain-derived neurotrophic factor']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

answer: @entity20384 :: (18053(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['P75']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We have previously demonstrated in the Randomized @entity9885 and Diabetes Microalbuminuria Prevention study that the angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) @entity9885 delays the onset of microalbuminuria in @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 . Now, we investigated the effect in the subpopulation with @entity101 . METHODS: Overall, 4020 @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 and @entity101 at baseline (defined by a @entity13519 / @entity13520 >= 130/80 mmHg or use of antihypertensive medication) received either 40 mg @entity9885 once daily or placebo for a median of 3.2 years in a randomized, double-blind, multicenter, controlled trial. Additional antihypertensive drugs (except angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or ARBs) were used as needed to lower blood pressure (BP) to less than 130/80 mmHg. RESULTS: The average BP was 126.3/74.7 and 129.5/76.6 mmHg, respectively (P<0.001). @entity9885 delayed the time to onset of microalbuminuria by 25% (hazard ratio=0.75; 95% confidence interval=0.61-0.92, P=0.007). @entity1 with a baseline @entity13519 above the median of 136.7 mmHg and a @entity13519 reduction above the median of 17.45 mmHg had a lower incidence of microalbuminuria than @entity1 with a @entity13519 reduction of less than 17.45 (8.1 vs. 11.2%, P<0.0001). Independent from the baseline BP and the degree of @entity551 a 15-39% increase in the time to onset of microalbuminuria was detectable by @entity9885 treatment. Cardiovascular events were comparable and occurred in 93 (4.6%) @entity1 taking @entity9885 and 86 (4.4%) taking placebo. CONCLUSION: @entity1 with a better @entity551 are less likely to develop microalbuminuria. Treatment with @entity9885 delayed the onset of microalbuminuria independent of the baseline BP and the degree of @entity551 .

title: Prevention of microalbuminuria in XXXX with @entity164 2 @entity6 and @entity101 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity9885 :: ('MESH:C437965', 'Chemical') :: ['olmesartan', 'Olmesartan']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['BP reduction']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: PURPOSE: The aim of this multicenter randomized study was to compare conventional therapy with conventional plus @entity34 ( @entity34 ) and autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT) as front-line treatment for poor-prognosis @entity1893 ( @entity1893 ). @entity1 AND METHODS: Between October 1991 and June 1995, 124 @entity1 , aged 15 to 60 years, with diffuse intermediate- to high-grade @entity1893 (Working Formulation criteria), stages II bulky (> or = 10 cm), III, or IV were enrolled. Sixty-one @entity1 were randomized to receive @entity2879 , @entity632 , @entity786 , @entity1891 , @entity229 , and @entity1732 (VACOP-B) for 12 weeks and @entity900 , @entity2592 , and @entity619 ( @entity12037 ) as a salvage regimen (arm A), and 63 to receive VACOP-B for 12 weeks plus @entity34 and ABMT (Arm B). RESULTS: There was no significant difference in terms of @entity8168 ( @entity8168 ) in the two groups: 75% in arm A, and 73% in arm B. The median follow-up observation time was 42 months. The 6-year survival probability was 65% in both arms. There was no difference in disease-free survival (DFS) or progression-free survival (PFS) between the two groups. DFS was 60% and 80% (P = .1) and PFS was 48% and 60% (P = .4) for arms A and B, respectively. Procedure feasibility was the major problem. In arm B, 29% of enrolled @entity1 did not undergo @entity34 and ABMT. A statistical improvement in terms of DFS (P = .008) and a favorable trend in terms of PFS (P = .08) for intermediate-/high- plus high-risk group @entity1 assigned to @entity34 and ABMT was observed. CONCLUSION: In this study, conventional chemotherapy followed by @entity34 and ABMT as front-line therapy seems no more successful than conventional treatment in terms of overall results. However, our results suggest that controlled studies of @entity34 plus ABMT should be proposed for higher risk @entity1 .

title: VACOP-B versus VACOP-B plus autologous bone marrow transplantation for advanced XXXX : results of a prospective randomized trial by the @entity1893 Cooperative Study Group.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity2879 :: ('MESH:D005047', 'Chemical') :: ['etoposide']

entities_list: @entity2592 :: ('MESH:D003561', 'Chemical') :: ['cytarabine']

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['dexamethasone']

entities_list: @entity8168 :: ('MESH:D012075', 'Disease') :: ['CRS', 'complete remissions']

entities_list: @entity1891 :: ('MESH:D014750', 'Chemical') :: ['vincristine']

entities_list: @entity1732 :: ('MESH:D001761', 'Chemical') :: ['bleomycin']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ["non-Hodgkin's lymphoma", 'NHL']

entities_list: @entity34 :: ('MESH:D016609', 'Disease') :: ['high-dose therapy', 'HDT']

answer: @entity1893 :: (MESH:D008228,Disease) :: ['diffuse non-Hodgkin's lymphoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity31917 is a pure active compound isolated from the traditional Chinese medicinal plant gamboge (Garcinia morella Desv.). Based on the preliminary results of a phase I study, this phase IIa study compared the efficacy and safety of different dosage schedules of @entity31917 in @entity1 with advanced @entity5 . METHODS: @entity1 with advanced or metastases @entity5 who had not received any effective routine conventional treatment or who had failed to respond to the existing conventional treatment were randomly assigned to receive either 45 mg/m(2) @entity31917 intravenously from Days 1 to 5 of a 2-week cycle (Group A), or 45 mg/m(2) every other day for a total of five times during a 2-week cycle (Group B). The primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR). RESULTS: Twenty-one @entity1 assigned to Group A and 26 to Group B were included in the final analysis. The ORRs were 14.3% in Group A and 0% in Group B. It was not possible to analyze the significant difference because one of the values was zero. The disease control rates (DCRs) were 76.2% in Group A and 61.5% in Group B (P = 0.0456). The observed adverse reactions were mostly Grades I and II, and occurred in most @entity1 after administration of the trial drug. There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two arms. CONCLUSIONS: The preliminary results of this phase IIa exploratory study suggest that @entity31917 has a favorable safety profile when administered at 45 mg/m(2). The DCR was greater in @entity1 receiving @entity31917 on Days 1 - 5 of a 2-week cycle, but the incidence of adverse reactions was similar irrespective of the administration schedule.

title: An open-labeled, randomized, multicenter phase IIa study of XXXX injection for advanced @entity5 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity31917 :: ('MESH:C052659', 'Chemical') :: ['Gambogic acid', 'gambogic acid']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant tumors', 'cancer']

answer: @entity31917 :: (MESH:C052659,Chemical) :: ['gambogic acid']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe @entity299 in @entity1 with @entity1646 ( @entity1646 ) VI and to evaluate the impact of enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) on cardiac structure and function. METHODS: Data from electrocardiographic and echocardiographic evaluations were retrospectively collected from @entity1 with @entity22608 who are followed up at the @entity1 's Hospital of Mainz. RESULTS: The study included 44 (16 male and 28 female) @entity1 . At baseline, @entity340 (mainly aortic and mitral) and left ventricular (LV) @entity1284 were present in over half of @entity1 . Other common cardiac manifestations were @entity7129 , @entity4346 , concentric @entity5707 , and @entity120 . One @entity1 had left @entity384 and one had @entity712 . Interventricular septal wall thickness and LV posterior wall thickness were above normal in most @entity1 . Twenty five @entity1 had a pre-ERT and at least one follow-up visit after ERT start. Mean follow-up after ERT start was 5.6 (SD 2.3) years. Despite the late onset (mean age 14.6  years) of treatment, ERT appeared to improve or arrest the progression of @entity5707 and @entity4346 and suspend the progression of @entity299 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity22608 is associated with an array of cardiac manifestations. ERT appears to have some impact on cardiac structure and function when started late in life, but may have better long-term results when started during early infancy.

title: XXXX VI: cardiac involvement and the impact of enzyme replacement therapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Children', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['atrial dilation']

entities_list: @entity120 :: ('MESH:D006976', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary hypertension']

entities_list: @entity1646 :: ('MESH:D009083', 'Disease') :: ['mucopolysaccharidosis', 'MPS']

entities_list: @entity4346 :: ('MESH:D017379', 'Disease') :: ['LV hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity5707 :: ('MESH:D020257', 'Disease') :: ['LV remodelling']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac valve disease', 'cardiac abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity340 :: ('MESH:D006349', 'Disease') :: ['valvular regurgitation']

entities_list: @entity7129 :: ('MESH:D013616', 'Disease') :: ['sinus tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity1284 :: ('MESH:D019190', 'Disease') :: ['volume overload']

answer: @entity1646 :: (MESH:D009083,Disease) :: ['Mucopolysaccharidosis']


abstract: @entity1 with systemic mast cell (MC) disease, but not those with cutaneous @entity5310 , are at a high risk (10-30%) to develop life-threatening @entity5 . In a significant proportion of cases, @entity2800 occur. Using conventional criteria, @entity1778 resemble @entity3052 ( @entity3052 ), @entity1860 ( @entity1860 ), or @entity12188 ( @entity12188 ). @entity17587 ( @entity17587 ) may also occur. @entity2800 ( @entity3052 , @entity1860 , @entity12188 ) can develop in indolent or aggressive @entity5310 ( @entity272 present or absent) with a variable prephase of MC disease. By contrast, @entity17587 (typically without @entity272 ) often develops on a "de novo" basis, and, if at all recognized, a prephase resembling (malignant) @entity5310 , is short. @entity17587 differs from @entity2800 ( @entity3052 , @entity1860 , @entity12188 ) by morphologic and phenotypic cellular characteristics. In fact, @entity17587 are strongly tryptase-positive, c-kit-positive, @entity3335 ( @entity3335 ) -negative @entity5 with variable metachromasia and chloroacetate esterase expression, whereas an @entity3335 -positive, tryptase-negative phenotype supports the diagnosis of a @entity5310 . Thus, @entity17587 , but also @entity17587 can develop in @entity1 with (systemic) @entity5310 . Little is known, however, about the pathophysiologic basis of co-evolution. In the present article, the concomitant occurrence of @entity5310 and @entity1778 is discussed in the light of the literature and of concepts proposed to explain the biologic basis of this phenomenon.

title: Clinical and biologic diversity of @entity1778 occurring in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3335 :: ('4353', 'Gene') :: ['MPO', 'myeloperoxidase']

entities_list: @entity5310 :: ('MESH:D008415', 'Disease') :: ['myeloid non-MC lineage disease', 'mastocytosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplasms', 'myelogenous malignancies']

entities_list: @entity17587 :: ('MESH:D007946', 'Disease') :: ['myeloid non-MC lineage leukemias', 'Mast cell leukemia', 'MCL']

entities_list: @entity12188 :: ('MESH:D054429', 'Disease') :: ['myelomonocytic leukemia', 'CMML']

entities_list: @entity2800 :: ('MESH:D007951', 'Disease') :: ['myeloid leukemias', 'Myeloid leukemias']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute myeloid leukemia', 'AML']

entities_list: @entity1778 :: ('MESH:D007938', 'Disease') :: ['leukemia', 'such leukemias']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin lesions']

entities_list: @entity1860 :: ('MESH:D015464', 'Disease') :: ['chronic myeloid leukemia', 'CML']

answer: @entity5310 :: (MESH:D008415,Disease) :: ['mastocytosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To perform exploratory analyses of data from a controlled trial that assessed the efficacy and tolerability of two antiandrogens, @entity12195 and @entity12194 , each combined with monthly depot preparations of @entity3086 or @entity10925 , in @entity1 with Stage D2 @entity263 . One analysis compared @entity10925 plus @entity17707 therapy with @entity3086 plus @entity17707 therapy; a second analysis compared the four combined @entity342 blockade (CAB) regimens. METHODS: This was a randomized, multicenter trial, open-label for luteinizing hormone releasing hormone analogue (LHRH-A) therapy, double-blind for @entity17707 therapy, with a two-by-two factorial design. Eight-hundred thirteen @entity1 were allocated in a ratio of 2:1 to @entity10925 therapy (3.6 mg every 28 days) or @entity3086 therapy (7.5 mg every 28 days) and 1:1 to @entity12195 therapy (50 mg once a day) or @entity12194 therapy (250 mg three times a day). The end points of time to progression and survival were assessed with a median of 160 weeks of follow-up. RESULTS: The percentages of progression events (70.9% versus 73.3%) and @entity204 (54.3% versus 56.8%) were similar for @entity10925 plus @entity17707 and @entity3086 plus @entity17707 therapies. The hazard ratios for @entity10925 plus @entity17707 therapy to @entity3086 plus @entity17707 therapy were 0.99 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.84 to 1.18; P = 0.92) and 0.91 (95% CI 0.75 to 1.11; P = 0.34) for time to progression and survival, respectively. @entity10925 plus @entity17707 and @entity3086 plus @entity17707 therapies were generally well tolerated, and the side effects associated with depot administration occurred with a low frequency in the two groups. There were no significant differences among the @entity10925 plus @entity12195 , @entity10925 plus @entity12194 , or @entity3086 plus @entity12195 therapy groups, but @entity3086 plus @entity12194 therapy had a significantly poorer outcome than the other three therapies. The side-effect profiles for the four CAB groups were generally similar; @entity294 was more common among @entity1 treated with @entity12194 and @entity811 was more common among @entity1 treated with @entity12195 . CONCLUSIONS: Although the results of these exploratory analyses should be interpreted with caution, they indicate that @entity10925 plus @entity17707 and @entity3086 plus @entity17707 therapies are similarly well tolerated and have equivalent time to progression and survival, and that @entity3086 plus @entity12194 therapy appears to be the least effective of the four CAB regimens.

title: Comparison of @entity10925 and @entity3086 in combined XXXX blockade therapy.

entities_list: @entity12195 :: ('MESH:C053541', 'Chemical') :: ['bicalutamide']

entities_list: @entity3086 :: ('MESH:D016729', 'Chemical') :: ['leuprolide']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity10925 :: ('MESH:D017273', 'Chemical') :: ['Goserelin', 'goserelin']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity12194 :: ('MESH:D005485', 'Chemical') :: ['flutamide']

entities_list: @entity17707 :: ('CHEBI:35497', 'Chemical') :: ['antiandrogen']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen']

entities_list: @entity811 :: ('MESH:D006417', 'Disease') :: ['hematuria']

answer: @entity342 :: (CHEBI:50113,Chemical) :: ['androgen']


abstract: Studies have demonstrated consistently low stimulation thresholds in the first months following implantation of @entity134 eluting electrodes. There have been no reported cases of @entity9765 . There is little information on the long-term performance of these leads. Data were collected on 15 @entity1 in whom Medtronic @entity134 eluting leads (5023 and 4003) had been implanted in 1987. Stimulation thresholds were measured at implantation and at weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 12. Stimulation threshold, lead impedance and sensing thresholds were monitored periodically for 3 yr using the telemetered function of the pulse generator. Three-month follow-up was obtained in all the @entity1 and 3-yr follow-up in 10. Stimulation thresholds remained low throughout the follow-up period in all but one @entity1 who developed @entity9765 necessitating the replacement of the pacing system. In the remaining @entity1 there was a significant increase in mean stimulation threshold from implantation to week 1 (mean stimulation threshold at implantation = 0.106 ms, mean ST at week 1 = 0.182 ms; p = 0.05), and also a gradual increase in the stimulation threshold over the first 2 yr of follow up (mean stimulation threshold 1 week = 0.182 ms, mean stimulation threshold months 13-24 = 0.243 ms; p = 0.05). Lead impedance showed no significant change over the follow-up period (mean change in impedance = 4.3 omega, SD 163.2, p = 0.97). Unlike many conventional electrodes, @entity134 eluting leads show no early peak in stimulation threshold but @entity9765 can occur. Stimulation thresholds show a small but significant rise over time.

title: Acute and chronic performance of a XXXX eluting electrode for ventricular pacing.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity9765 :: ('MESH:D012848', 'Disease') :: ['exit block']

answer: @entity134 :: (CHEBI:35341,Chemical) :: ['steroid']


abstract: Radiation-induced injury may occur in various incidents as well as the terrorist radiation exposure scenario. The digestive tract is among the most radiosensitive organs in the body and its function, which is partly regulated by gastrointestinal (GI) peptides, can be affected by radiation exposure. However, very little is known about the effect of whole-body radiation on blood GI peptides. The aim of this study therefore was to determine the effect of whole-body radiation on circulating levels of GI peptides in the @entity35 . To study this, @entity35 were exposed to 5-Gy whole-body gamma radiation. They were then euthanized at 1, 2, 4, or 8 days after irradiation. Plasma levels of @entity8586 ( @entity6140 ), @entity11384 , @entity9113 , and @entity9315 were determined using specific enzyme immunoassays. Serum levels of @entity493 transaminase (ALT), @entity4972 ( @entity4972 ), total @entity648 , and @entity880 were also measured. Our results showed that whole-body irradiation significantly decreased plasma @entity6140 levels by 57% and 54% at 1 and 2 days after irradiation (P<0.05), respectively. At 4 and 8 days after irradiation, plasma @entity6140 levels returned to normal. Similarly, plasma levels of @entity11384 decreased by 48% at 2 days after irradiation (P<0.05), and returned to normal at 8 days after irradiation. In contrast, there was no significant change in plasma levels of @entity9113 and @entity9315 after irradiation. No significant differences were observed in ALT, @entity4972 , total @entity648 , or @entity880 . In conclusion, whole-body radiation exposure alters blood GI peptides especially the ones that were produced in the small intestine, such as @entity6140 and @entity11384 . The diverse response of the GI peptides to irradiation could be due to a difference in radiosensitivity in different regions of the GI tract.

title: The effect of whole-body radiation on blood levels of gastrointestinal peptides in the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity4972 :: ('MESH:C562645', 'Disease') :: ['ALP', 'alkaline phosphatase']

entities_list: @entity648 :: ('MESH:D001663', 'Chemical') :: ['bilirubin']

entities_list: @entity8586 :: ('MESH:D002766', 'Chemical') :: ['cholecystokinin']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity493 :: ('CHEBI:16449', 'Chemical') :: ['alanine']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Bronchial @entity565 is characterized by @entity32 of the airways, which is usually accompanied by increased vascular permeability, resulting in plasma exudation. @entity1611 ( @entity1611 ) has been implicated in contributing to asthmatic tissue @entity4 through its effect on vascular permeability. Many cellular responses of @entity1611 are regulated by the lipid products of @entity3115 ( @entity3115 ). However, the effect of @entity3115 catalytic subunit @entity33518 on @entity1611 -mediated signaling is unknown. Recently, an isoform-specific small molecule inhibitor, @entity36275 , which is selective for @entity33518 catalytic activity, has been identified. OBJECTIVE: We have sought to investigate the role of @entity33518 , more specifically in the increase of vascular permeability. METHODS: Female BALB/c @entity19 were sensitized and challenged with @entity10328 . We have investigated the effect of @entity36275 on airway @entity32 , T(H)2 cytokines expression, airway hyperresponsiveness, plasma extravasation, @entity519 -inducible factor 1alpha expression, and @entity1611 expression in a @entity19 model of @entity565 . RESULTS: Our current study has revealed that @entity36275 reduces antigen-induced airway infiltration of inflammatory cells, secretion of T(H)2 cytokines in lungs, airway hyperresponsiveness, and vascular permeability. Moreover, we have found that inhibition of @entity33518 reduces @entity10328 -induced upregulation of @entity1611 level. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that @entity33518 inhibitor attenuates antigen-induced airway @entity32 and hyperresponsiveness by preventing @entity455 in @entity19 . CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: These findings provide a crucial molecular mechanism for the potential role of @entity33518 in @entity565 and other airway inflammatory disorders.

title: @entity3115 -delta inhibitor reduces vascular permeability in a @entity19 model of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular leakage']

entities_list: @entity1611 :: ('22339(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['Vascular endothelial growth factor', 'VEGF']

answer: @entity565 :: (MESH:D001249,Disease) :: ['asthma']


abstract: The @entity1 was a 63-year-old male. He was diagnosed as having @entity6 in 1987, and hemodialysis was begun in October 1991 for @entity2316 . He complained of @entity158 from the middle of May 1992. Although he was administered antibiotics, a small @entity1066 arose on the glans penis at the end of May. The lesion became progressively black and carbonized on the whole glans penis by the first of June and involved the prepuce by the end of June. Partial penectomy was performed in July. Histopathological examination showed marked stenosis with @entity730 in the terminal branches of the dorsal penile artery and thickened wall of the small arteries due to @entity455 as a result of @entity6 . The @entity1 was in generalized deterioration of clinical condition postoperatively and died of @entity360 in September. @entity39 in @entity1 with @entity6 is very rare and only ten cases including our own case have been reported. We reviewed the literature with special reference to the relationship with @entity177 .

title: [A case of @entity39 in a XXXX with @entity2316 ].

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular lesions']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['Penile necrosis']

entities_list: @entity2316 :: ('MESH:D003928', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic nephropathy']

entities_list: @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['calcification']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['chronic renal failure']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['glans pain']

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal bleeding']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the potential relation between satisfaction with life after @entity1566 and access to the environment as measured by selected items from the @entity1032 ( @entity1032 ). DESIGN: Prospective, correlational/predictive study using cross-sectional and longitudinal data from 18 Model @entity1566 Systems of Care. SUBJECTS: Adult @entity1 with traumatic-onset @entity1566 (n = 650) evaluated at 1 or 2 years postinjury. OUTCOME MEASURE: Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS). PREDICTOR VARIABLES: Demographic characteristics, @entity717 classifications. medical complications, rehabilitation insurance status, occupational status as measured by the @entity1032 Occupation Scale, self-perceived health (from SF-36), and access to the environment as measured by items from the @entity1032 Mobility Scale. RESULTS: Access to the environment was positively and linearly associated with satisfaction with life, demonstrated both positive and negative change over time, and was positively associated with subject's neurologic status. Access to the environment added to the explanatory model to predict life satisfaction even after all other independent measures were accounted for. CONCLUSION: Access to the environment (an "outside the @entity1 " factor) is important in predicting satisfaction with life for @entity1 with @entity1566 . The measure of access to the environment developed here is promising and worthy of further exploration and expansion.

title: Access to the environment and life satisfaction after XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1566 :: ('MESH:D013119', 'Disease') :: ['Spinal Cord Injury', 'spinal cord injury']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['person', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['Craig Handicap Assessment and Reporting Technique', 'CHART']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['impairment and disability']

answer: @entity1566 :: (MESH:D013119,Disease) :: ['spinal cord injury']


abstract: Two @entity1 presented as full-term baby @entity1 with @entity790 with extensive perineal @entity2695 . The first @entity1 had a vestibular anus with a perineal @entity2695 involving the bladder, rectal, and vaginal walls. Skin ulcerations required a transverse loop colostomy for wound care. The vulva, urethral opening, and clitoris were deviated to the left, labia minora were absent, and the labia majora were abnormal. The second @entity1 had an anus displaced anteriorly and deviated to the right. The external anal sphincter was @entity1184 on the left and @entity3202 on the right. Rectal examination showed agenesis of the right levator ani and a dentate line located at the skin level. She had a large perineal, sacral, vaginal, pararectal and retroperitoneal @entity2695 and developed extensive skin ulcerations. She had only a hemiclitoris located to the left of the midline, near absence of labia minora, and hypertrophied labia majora. The urethra was displaced to the left and opened in the vestibule. Both @entity1 had a spinal @entity600 (one with tethered cord and one with @entity3570 ) and a normal karyotype. @entity230 and interferon allowed near-complete resolution of @entity2695 in both @entity1 . The authors were impressed by the similarity of these two cases and could not find any previous description of this association.

title: Perineal XXXX , @entity600 : a new association?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'girls']

entities_list: @entity3570 :: ('MESH:D016135', 'Disease') :: ['spina bifida']

entities_list: @entity2695 :: ('MESH:D006391', 'Disease') :: ['hemangioma', 'hemangiomas']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophic']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['malformation']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['Steroids']

entities_list: @entity790 :: ('MESH:D014564', 'Disease') :: ['anorectal and genital malformations']

answer: @entity2695 :: (MESH:D006391,Disease) :: ['hemangioma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine adherence to @entity1499 ( @entity6822 ) therapy in @entity1 with @entity309 ( @entity309 ) and to identify factors that promote either adherence or non adherence. METHODS: One hundred @entity309 @entity1 on @entity6822 for at least two months were enrolled. Questionnaire was completed by direct interview. Details recorded were, demographics (age, sex, education, monthly income), disease duration, duration on @entity6822 and current dose. Disease Activity Score on 28 joint counts (DAS 28) at the current visit, concomitant drugs taken and number of doses of @entity6822 missed in the previous 8 weeks were noted. Non adherence was defined as omission of any three or more prescribed doses of @entity6822 in previous 8 week. @entity1 were asked for the factors that motivated their adherence to @entity6822 as well as factors for non adherence. Presence of side effects due to @entity6822 was also recorded. RESULT: Non adherence was found among 23% of cases. @entity1 of low socioeconomic group (p <0.0001) and on @entity6822 for longer duration (p <0.001) had higher non adherence. Non adherent @entity1 had significantly higher disease activity as measured by DAS 28 (p<0.001). Good counseling and education by the doctor was a strong predictor of adherence (p <0.001). Lack of affordability (p <0.001); lack of availability at local pharmacy (p <0.001); lack of family support (p <0.001) and lack of awareness regarding need and importance of @entity6822 (p < 0.001were found as significant factors for non adherence. CONCLUSION: @entity6822 non adherence in @entity309 is noted in about one fourth of study group. Various economical and social issues lead to non adherence but good @entity1 education and counseling by doctor could promote adherence in this study group.

title: Adherence to XXXX therapy in @entity309 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['Rheumatoid Arthritis', 'RA']

answer: @entity1499 :: (MESH:D008727,Chemical) :: ['Methotrexate']