abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6948 is a highly selective a(2)-adrenoceptor agonist with sedative, anxiolytic, and analgesic properties that has minimal effects on respiratory drive. Its sedative and @entity551 effects are mediated via central a(2A) and @entity947 type 1 receptors while activation of peripheral a(2B)-adrenoceptors result in an increase in arterial blood pressure and systemic vascular resistance. In this randomized, prospective, clinical study, we attempted to quantify the short-term hemodynamic effects resulting from a rapid i.v. bolus administration of @entity6948 in pediatric cardiac transplant @entity1 . METHODS: Twelve @entity1 , aged 10 years or younger, weighing  <=40 kg, presenting for routine surveillance of right and left heart cardiac catheterization after cardiac transplantation were enrolled. After an inhaled or i.v. induction, the tracheas were intubated and anesthesia was maintained with 1 minimum alveolar concentration of @entity5161 in room air, @entity3575 (1  g/kg), and @entity2898 (1 mg/kg). At the completion of the planned cardiac catheterization, 100% @entity26 was administered. After recording a set of baseline values that included @entity551 , diastolic blood pressure, central venous pressure, systolic pulmonary artery pressure, diastolic pulmonary artery pressure, pulmonary artery wedge pressure, and thermodilution-based cardiac output, a rapid i.v. @entity6948 bolus of either 0.25 or 0.5  g/kg was administered over 5 seconds. The hemodynamic measurements were repeated at 1 minute and 5 minutes. RESULTS: There were 6 @entity1 in each group. Investigation suggested that systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, systolic pulmonary artery pressure, diastolic pulmonary artery pressure, pulmonary artery wedge pressure, and systemic vascular resistance all increased at 1 minute after rapid i.v. bolus for both doses and decreased significantly to near baseline for both doses by 5 minutes. The transient increase in pressures was more pronounced in the systemic system than in the pulmonary system. In the systemic system, there was a larger percent @entity551 . Cardiac output, central venous pressure, and pulmonary vascular resistance did not change significantly. HR decreased at 1 minute for both doses and was, within the 0.5  g/kg group, the only hemodynamic variable still changed from baseline at the 5-minute time point. CONCLUSION: Rapid i.v. bolus administration of @entity6948 in this small sample of @entity1 having undergone heart transplants was clinically well tolerated, although it resulted in a transient but significant @entity101 and a decrease in HR. In the systemic system, there is a larger percent @entity551 and, furthermore, these transient increases in pressures were more pronounced in the systemic system than in the pulmonary system.

title: Acute hemodynamic changes after rapid intravenous bolus dosing of XXXX in pediatric heart transplant @entity1 undergoing routine cardiac catheterization.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['increase in systemic and pulmonary pressure']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity2898 :: ('MESH:C061870', 'Chemical') :: ['rocuronium']

entities_list: @entity5161 :: ('MESH:D007530', 'Chemical') :: ['isoflurane']

entities_list: @entity6948 :: ('MESH:D020927', 'Chemical') :: ['dexmedetomidine', 'Dexmedetomidine']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['increase in the diastolic pressures than the systolic pressures', 'hypotensive', 'heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure']

entities_list: @entity3575 :: ('MESH:D005283', 'Chemical') :: ['fentanyl']

entities_list: @entity947 :: ('CHEBI:53094', 'Chemical') :: ['imidazoline']

answer: @entity6948 :: (MESH:D020927,Chemical) :: ['dexmedetomidine']


abstract: The clinical diagnosis of @entity191 may be difficult. In elderly @entity1 there may be other causes of the triad of @entity2003 , @entity2845 and @entity400 . This study was designed to assess whether a single levodopa challenge could predict dopa responsiveness in @entity1 with @entity191 . Twenty-two of 27 newly diagnosed @entity1 completed the study. Of the 22, 17 (77%) responded positively to the initial test and five (23%) showed no response. At 1 month, 18 (82%) were improved on treatment and four (18%) were not. Thus the initial test predicted 17 (94%) of the 18 who responded at 1 month and correctly identified the response of 21 (95%) of the 22 @entity1 . There was only one false negative result. @entity1 with negative results turned out to have other @entity191 . A positive levodopa test helps to confirm the diagnosis of @entity191 and a negative test should alert one to alternative diagnoses.

title: The levodopa test in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ['parkinsonian syndromes', "Parkinson's disease"]

entities_list: @entity2845 :: ('MESH:D018476', 'Disease') :: ['bradykinesia']

answer: @entity191 :: (MESH:D010300,Disease) :: ['Parkinson's disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate ductal lavage (DL) performance in @entity1 with known @entity0 and to assess cell yield from contralateral high-risk breasts. STUDY DESIGN: @entity1 with newly diagnosed @entity0 were offered study participation. They underwent bilateral nipple aspiration, followed by DL of those ducts demonstrating nipple aspiration fluid (NAF) production. The procedures were conducted in the operating room prior to definitive surgery. Samples were interpreted masked as to which breast was malignant, and the interpretation used a 5-category scheme: insufficient, benign, mildly atypical, markedly atypical or malignant. RESULTS: A total of 23 @entity1 with 24 @entity5 were enrolled, ranging in age from 32 to 76. One had @entity513 in situ; there were 13 T1, 6 T2 and 4 T3 lesions. @entity7034 was identified in 72% of breasts, more commonly in cancerous than unaffected breasts. DL was performed on 33 breasts; of these, 55% were adequate. Only 16.6% of samples from malignant breasts contained abnormality, marked atypia in 1 and @entity5 in 3. No samples from unaffected breasts demonstrated cellular abnormalities. CONCLUSION: The low sensitivity of DL performed on malignant breasts to identify abnormal cells adds to the growing body of evidence that this is not an effective tool in identifying existing @entity0 . Numbers are small, but the ability of DL to identify atypia in unaffected high-risk breasts may also be suboptimal. Future efforts should focus on molecular markers of risk and on alternate means of cell or tissue retrieval.

title: Ductal lavage of cancerous and unaffected breasts: procedure success rate and XXXX detection.

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'malignancy']

entities_list: @entity513 :: ('MESH:D044584', 'Disease') :: ['ductal carcinoma']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity293 ( @entity293 ) has a high incidence and recurrence, therefore, treatment is empirical in the majority of cases. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to analyze the urine cultures performed at a secondary hospital, during two periods, 2005-2006 and 2010-2011, and to estimate the microbial resistance. @entity1 AND METHODS: We analyzed 11,943 aerobic urine cultures according to basic demographic data and susceptibility to antibiotics in accordance with the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) for Vitek 1 and 2. RESULTS: Most of our cohort consisted of young adult females that were seen at the Emergency Department. @entity526 was the most frequent (70.2%) among the 75 species isolated. Resistance of all isolates was >=  20% for @entity206 / @entity207 ( @entity1597 / @entity1598 ), @entity4258 , @entity6616 , @entity7048 and @entity802 . Although @entity526 was more susceptible (resistance >=  20% for @entity1597 / @entity1598 and @entity802 ) among all of the isolates, when classified by the number and percentage of antibiotic resistance. Global resistance to @entity2887 was approximately 12%. Risk factors for @entity526 were female gender and an age less than 65 years. @entity1 and @entity1 older than 65 years of age, presented more resistant isolates. Extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) were identified in 173 out of 5,722 Gram-negative isolates (3.0%) between 2010 and 2011. CONCLUSION: @entity526 was the most frequent microbe isolated in the urine cultures analyzed in this study. There was a significant evolution of bacterial resistance between the two periods studied. In particular, the rise of bacterial resistance to @entity2887 was concerning.

title: Susceptibility to antibiotics in XXXX in a secondary care setting from 2005-2006 and 2010-2011, in S  o Paulo, Brazil: data from 11,943 urine cultures.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS', 'Men']

entities_list: @entity6616 :: ('MESH:D009582', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrofurantoin']

entities_list: @entity7048 :: ('MESH:D002437', 'Chemical') :: ['cefazolin']

entities_list: @entity4258 :: ('MESH:D009643', 'Chemical') :: ['norfloxacin']

entities_list: @entity2887 :: ('MESH:D024841', 'Chemical') :: ['fluoroquinolones']

entities_list: @entity802 :: ('MESH:D009268', 'Chemical') :: ['nalidixic acid']

entities_list: @entity207 :: ('MESH:D013420', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfamethoxazole']

entities_list: @entity293 :: ('MESH:D014552', 'Disease') :: ['UTI', 'Urinary tract infection']

entities_list: @entity206 :: ('MESH:D014295', 'Chemical') :: ['trimethoprim']

answer: @entity293 :: (MESH:D014552,Disease) :: ['urinary tract infections']


abstract: @entity1 noroviruses (NoVs) are recognized as the major cause of @entity697 outbreaks in both developed and developing countries. They are resistant to most chemical inactivation processes, and can survive in the environment for long periods. The aim of this research was to apply @entity10457 (TSP) on spiked produce (lettuce and peppers) for the reduction of foodborne NoV surrogates, @entity21063 -F9), and @entity19 norovirus (MNV-1). Washed and dried lettuce (3       3   cm  ) and Jalapeno peppers (25-30   g/pepper) were spiked with @entity21063 -F9 and MNV-1 at titers of    7 log       plaque forming unit (PFU)/mL or    5 log       PFU/mL and dried aseptically in a biosafety hood for 5   min. Samples were treated with 2% TSP, 5% TSP, 200 mg/L @entity8830 , or water for 15 or 30   sec. Treatments were immediately neutralized with cell culture media containing 10% fetal bovine serum, and viruses were recovered and evaluated using standardized plaque assays. No significant differences between the two contact times on viral reduction was observed (p   >   0.05). All three chemicals reduced @entity21063 -F9 titers at    5 log       PFU/mL to undetectable levels, but MNV-1 at    5 log       PFU/mL was decreased by    2-3 log       PFU/mL with 200   mg/L @entity8830 and 2% TSP, and to undetectable levels by 5% TSP. @entity21063 -F9 at    7 log       PFU/mL was reduced by >5 log       PFU/mL with 2% TSP, in comparison to 200 mg/L @entity8830 that showed  <= 1.4 log       PFU/mL reduction. MNV-1 at    7 log       PFU/mL was decreased by    2-3.4 log       PFU/mL with 2% TSP; and by <1.3 log       PFU/mL with 200 mg/L @entity8830 . @entity21063 -F9 and MNV-1 at    7 log       PFU/mL were reduced to undetectable levels by 5% TSP. Treatments by 5% TSP for 30   sec did not result in any statistically significant color changes of the tested produce. TSP at 5% appears suitable as an alternative treatment to @entity3878 washes for NoV reduction on produce, without any noticeable visual quality changes.

title: XXXX for foodborne virus reduction on produce.

entities_list: @entity21063 :: ('11978', 'Species') :: ['FCV', 'feline calicivirus (FCV']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute nonbacterial foodborne gastroenteritis']

entities_list: @entity3878 :: ('MESH:D002713', 'Chemical') :: ['chlorine']

entities_list: @entity8830 :: ('MESH:D012973', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium hypochlorite']

entities_list: @entity10457 :: ('MESH:C018279', 'Chemical') :: ['trisodium phosphate']

answer: @entity10457 :: (MESH:C018279,Chemical) :: ['Trisodium phosphate']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Reduced port laparoscopic surgery may lead to less @entity158 and better cosmetic outcome than conventional surgery. Also, it requires fewer assistants and abdominal ports. Recently, some experts have reported operative techniques and outcomes of reduced port laparoscopic gastrectomy. In this study, we sought to introduce our techniques of duet laparoscopic distal gastrectomy (duet-LDG) using three abdominal ports and surgical outcomes of early experience of this procedure. METHODS: Between 2010 and 2014, 431 @entity1 undergoing LDG for @entity356 were retrospectively reviewed. Among them, 49 @entity1 underwent duet-LDG. During duet-LDG, an operator performed all the procedures using two abdominal ports with an additional umbilical laparoscopy port. Short-term surgical outcomes of duet-LDG were compared with conventional LDG groups. RESULTS: The mean age of the duet-LDG group was 61.1  years with 38 males and 11 females. Forty @entity1 underwent Billroth II, and 9 @entity1 underwent Roux-en-Y reconstruction. The mean operating time was 147  min, and the mean intraoperative @entity190 was 49  ml. Duet-LDG was successfully completed without intraoperative complications or open conversion in all @entity1 . After an operation, six @entity1 (12.2  %) developed @entity260 , and no mortality occurred. The mean hospital stay was 8.6  days. When compared with the conventional LDG groups, @entity1 who underwent duet-LDG showed no significant differences in short-term surgical outcomes including morbidity, mortality, and the duration of hospital stay. CONCLUSIONS: Duet-LDG is a viable alternative to conventional LDG for treating early @entity356 providing comparable surgical outcomes. Less operative @entity158 and scar, reduced medical cost, and requiring fewer assistants may benefit @entity1 as well as surgeons. Finally, the efficacy of duet-LDG needs to be evaluated in diverse clinical aspects.

title: Early experience of duet laparoscopic distal gastrectomy (duet-LDG) using three abdominal ports for XXXX : surgical technique and comparison with conventional laparoscopic distal gastrectomy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric carcinoma']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['gastric carcinoma']


abstract: MicroRNAs are short regulatory RNAs that play crucial roles in @entity5 development and progression. @entity57337 ( @entity57337 ) is downregulated in many @entity1 @entity5 , and increasing evidence indicates that it functions as a @entity5 suppressor. However, the role of @entity57337 in @entity421 remains unclear. Expression levels of @entity57337 in @entity421 cell lines and @entity1 tissues were evaluated by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), and the clinicopathological significance of the resultant data was later analyzed. Next, we investigated the role of @entity57337 to determine its potential roles on @entity421 cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro. A luciferase reporter assay was conducted to confirm the target gene of @entity57337 , and the results were validated in the @entity421 cell line. In this study, we found that @entity57337 was downregulated in @entity421 cell lines and @entity421 tissues compared with normal osteoblast cell line NHOst and paired adjacent nontumor tissue. We found that a lower expression of @entity57337 was associated with @entity3 . In @entity421 cells, overexpression of @entity57337 inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. In contrast, downregulation of @entity57337 expression promoted @entity421 cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Next, we identified that the @entity540 gene is a novel direct target of @entity57337 in @entity421 cells. Moreover, enforced expression of @entity540 partially reversed the inhibition of cell proliferation, migration, and invasion that was caused by @entity57337 . Our study demonstrated that @entity57337 might be a @entity5 suppressor in @entity421 via the regulation of @entity540 , which provided a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target.

title: miRNA-646 @entity421 cell XXXX by downregulating @entity540 ( @entity540 ).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancers', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity421 :: ('MESH:D012516', 'Disease') :: ['osteosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['metastasis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To develop and validate a specific @entity1 reported outcome (PRO) for @entity1030 ( @entity1030 ) @entity1 ( @entity1030 -PRO) at a set of standardized procedures. METHODS: Literature analysis, interview and group discussion were performed to draft an initial model of @entity1030 -PRO. Thereafter, 65 clinicians and experts throughout China reviewed the draft scale. Then cognitive debriefing interviews with 40 @entity1 were conducted to assess respondent comprehension of the scale. After that, the revised scale was validated through pre-testing and field-testing. Finally, the psychometric properties of the @entity1030 -PRO were evaluated by indicators such as validity, reliability and responsiveness based on the data from 230 @entity1 . RESULTS: The @entity1030 -PRO contained 17 items in 3 domains: amelioration of clinical symptoms, satisfaction of health condition and satisfaction of treatment effect. The Cronbach's a, Split-half coefficient and test-retest coefficient were 0.806, 0.744, 0.703, respectively; the correlation coefficients between domains and overall scale were 0.835-0.963; 5 factors were extracted according to the conceptual model. The differences of the scale scores before and after treatment were statistically significant (P=0.000). CONCLUSIONS: The @entity1030 -COPDPRO has good validity, reliability and responsiveness. The @entity1030 -PRO could provide @entity1 ' response to the PRO treatments and then evaluate the effect of treatment in a standardized way.

title: Development and validation of a XXXX reported outcome instrument for chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease', 'COPD']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: The Macro-Vue Card Test (Hynson, Wescott, and Dunning, Baltimore, Md.) for rapid quantitation of @entity801 in serum was compared with bioassay and radioimmunoassay procedures on sera from 100 @entity1 . Regression analysis of paired results from the bioassay (using @entity3274 ATCC 27799) and the Macro-Vue Card Test indicated a correlation coefficient of 0.89, whereas comparing radioimmunoassay and Card Test results yielded a correlation coefficient of 0.83. The bioassay-radioimmunoassay correlation coefficient was 0.88. The data were further examined by grouping the sera of the @entity1 into three categories based on therapeutic concentration ranges as follows: less than 2 micrograms/ml, subtherapeutic range; 2 to 8 micrograms/ml, therapeutic range; greater than 8 micrograms/ml, potentially toxic range. Of 100 specimen values, 81 fell into the same concentration range when bioassay and Card Test values were compared. Of the 19 disagreements, 12 were considered minor. Of 100 specimen values compared by radioimmunoassay and the Card Test, 88 fell into the same concentration range. Of the 12 disagreements, 6 were considered minor. Therefore, the Macro-Vue Card Test for @entity801 compared favorably with both the bioassay and radioimmunoassay procedures. The minimal time required to perform the Card Test (12 to 15 min) makes it attractive for situations in which immediate results are needed.

title: Evaluation of the macro-vue latex agglutination test for quantitation of XXXX in human serum.

entities_list: @entity801 :: ('MESH:D005839', 'Chemical') :: ['gentamicin']

entities_list: @entity3274 :: ('573', 'Species') :: ['Klebsiella pneumoniae']

answer: @entity801 :: (MESH:D005839,Chemical) :: ['gentamicin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: High levels of low-density lipoprotein @entity165 (LDL-C), a major risk factor for @entity301 ( @entity301 ), can be treated effectively. METHODS: CDC analyzed data from 1999-2002 and 2005-2008 to examine the prevalence, treatment, and control of high LDL-C among U.S. adults aged >= 20 years. Values were determined from blood specimens obtained from @entity1 participating in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), a nationally representative cross-sectional, stratified, multistage probability sample survey of the U.S. civilian, noninstitutionalized population. The National @entity165 Education Program Adult Treatment Panel-III guidelines set LDL-C goal levels of <100 mg/dL, <130 mg/dL, and <160 mg/dL for @entity1 with high, intermediate, and low risk for developing @entity301 during the next 10 years, respectively. A @entity1 with high LDL-C was defined as either a @entity1 whose LDL-C levels were above the LDL-C goal levels or a @entity1 who reported currently taking @entity165 -lowering medication. Control of high LDL-C was defined as having a treated LDL-C value below the goal levels. RESULTS: Based on data from the 2005-2008 NHANES, an estimated 71 million (33.5%) U.S. adults aged >= 20 years had high LDL-C, but only 34 million (48.1%) were treated and 23 million (33.2%) had their LDL-C controlled. Among @entity1 with uncontrolled LDL-C, 82.8% reported having some form of health insurance. The proportion of adults with high LDL-C who were treated increased from 28.4% to 48.1% between the 1999-2002 and 2005-2008 study periods. Among adults with high LDL-C, the prevalence of LDL-C control increased from 14.6% to 33.2% between the periods. The prevalence of LDL-C control was lowest among @entity1 who reported receiving medical care less than twice in the previous year (11.7%), being uninsured (13.5%), being Mexican American (20.3%), or having income below the poverty level (21.9%). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of control of high LDL-C in the United States, although improving, remains low, especially among low-income adults and those with limited access to health care. Strengthening the use of preventive services through improvement in health-care access and quality of care is expected to help achieve better control of high LDL-C in the United States. IMPLICATIONS FOR PUBLIC HEALTH PRACTICE: To improve LDL-C control levels, a comprehensive approach that involves improved clinical care, as well as improved health-care access, sustainability, and affordability, is needed. A standardized system of @entity1 care incorporating electronic health records, registries, and automated reminders for practitioners, focusing on achieving regular @entity1 follow-up, has the potential to improve control of high LDL-C. Lower out-of-pocket costs and simplification of the drug regimen, as well as involvement of nurses, dietitians, health educators, pharmacists and other allied health-care professionals in direct @entity1 care also could be used to improve @entity1 adherence to prescribed regimens.

title: Vital signs: prevalence, treatment, and control of high levels of low-density lipoprotein XXXX --United States, 1999-2002 and 2005-200.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'person', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['Cholesterol', 'cholesterol']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['CHD', 'coronary heart disease']

answer: @entity165 :: (MESH:D002784,Chemical) :: ['cholesterol']


abstract: Differences in response to carcinogenic agents are due to the allelic variants of the genes that control it. Key genes are those involved in the repair of the DNA damage caused by such agents. This paper describes the results of a case-control epidemiological study designed to determine the genotypes of four of these genes in @entity1 exposed to a single genotoxic factor, i.e. @entity1355 , who had or had not developed @entity3620 ( @entity3620 ). Our working hypothesis was that an imperfect DNA repair, as revealed by subtle polymorphic variants, could reduce protection against the chronic DNA insult provoked by @entity1355 and eventually result in mutagenesis and @entity5 . Seven variants (i.e. @entity20319 - @entity20322 -NCBI SNP, @entity20319 - @entity20320 , @entity20823 - @entity32271 , @entity20823 @entity58666 , XPD- @entity25980 , @entity9552 - @entity35385 ) were investigated in 81 @entity1 and 110 age and sex-matched controls, all residents at Casale Monferrato, a Piedmontese town highly exposed to @entity1355 pollution. Unconditional multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). When considered as a categorical variable, @entity20319 -399Q showed an increased OR both in heterozygotes (OR=2.08; 95% CI=1.00-4.33) and homozygotes (2.38; 95% CI=0.82-6.94), although individual ORs were not significant. When it was considered as a continuous variable OR was significant (OR=1.68; 95% CI: 1.02-2.75). When genotypes were divided into "non-risk" and "risk" genotypes, i.e. those thought to be associated with increased risk in the light of the functional significance of the variants, @entity20319 -399Q (Q homozygotes+Q/R heterozygotes versus R homozygotes) had an OR=2.147 (95% CI: 1.08-4.28), whereas that of @entity20823 -241T (T homozygotes+M/T heterozygotes versus M homozygotes) was 4.09 (95% CI: 1.26-13.21) and that of @entity9552 -326C was increased, though not significantly. None of the haplotypes showed a significantly different frequency between @entity1 and controls. This is the first report of an association between polymorphisms in DNA repair genes and @entity1355 -associated @entity3620 . Our data indicate that genetic factors are involved in @entity3620 development.

title: Polymorphisms in DNA repair genes as risk factors for XXXX -related @entity3620 in a general population study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity3620 :: ('MESH:C562839', 'Disease') :: ['malignant mesothelioma', 'MM']

answer: @entity1355 :: (MESH:D001195,Disease) :: ['asbestos']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To identify risk factors for perioperative complications and morbidity in @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ) surgery with @entity5 thrombus invasion (TTI). @entity1 AND METHODS: Retrospective single-center analysis of 128 @entity1 who underwent open (n  =  97) or laparoscopic (n  =  31) radical nephrectomy (NT) for @entity1358 between 1999 and 2010. TTI was at Mayo-Level 0, I, II, III, IV in 88, 7, 10, 4, and 19 cases, respectively. Cavotomy was performed in 27, liver mobilisation in 20, and cardiovascular bypass in 17 @entity1 . RESULTS: The rate of any early @entity260 ( @entity260 ) by Clavien-Dindo classification was 58.6%, while the severe early @entity260 rate was 29.7%. There was a statistically significant difference in multivariate analysis in the incidence of any early @entity260 and of severe early @entity260 by Charlson score (OR:1.584 (95%CI:1.141-2.199), p  =  0.006; OR:3.065 (95%CI:1.218-7.714), p  =  0.017) and by @entity5 thrombus level TNM-UICC 2010 T3a/T3c (OR:10.668 (95%CI:1.266-89.871), p  =  0.029; OR:10.502 (95%CI:2.981-36.992), p  <  0.001). In pT3a cases open NT was associated with a higher early (57.9% vs. 25.8%) and severe (24.6% vs. 9.7%) @entity260 rate compared to laparoscopic NT. The 30-day mortality rate was 0%. The 90-day mortality rate was 6.3% but 100% cancer-related. In Cox regression analysis @entity5 thrombus level was not predictive for overall survival. CONCLUSIONS: The strongest risk factor for early and severe @entity260 in @entity1 with TTI is a supradiaphragmatic @entity5 thrombus. In cases with severe @entity260 , this fact persists when comparing Mayo-Levels II-III and Level IV. In pT3a cases open NT shows a 2-fold higher early @entity260 rate compared to laparoscopic NT.

title: Evaluation of perioperative complications in open and laparoscopic surgery for @entity1358 with XXXX thrombus involvement using the Clavien-Dindo classification.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['renal cell cancer', 'RCC']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complication', 'PC']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumor']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Radiofrequency ablation of either the fast or the slow pathway in @entity2917 ( @entity2917 ) can be complicated by transient or permanent @entity713 . Little is known about the possibility of @entity713 occurring during the first weeks after the procedure and nothing about the risk of @entity713 during the long-term follow-up. METHODS: To clarify these latter points, from February 1990 to December 2000 we enrolled 510 consecutive @entity1 (56 males, 454 females, mean age 55 +/- 16 years) with @entity2917 . The target of ablation was the fast pathway in 29 @entity1 (group A) and the slow pathway in 474 (group B), while in 7 (group C) the slow pathway was targeted after unsuccessful fast pathway ablation. Follow-up was available for 488/510 (95.6%). The length of follow-up was 8.2 +/- 2.4 years in group A, 3.4 +/- 2.4 years in group B (83 group B @entity1 had a follow-up > 6 years: 7.3 +/- 0.8 years), and 7.3 +/- 2.4 years in group C. RESULTS: The success rates were 93, 99 and 100% in the three groups respectively. Intraprocedural II- @entity713 occurred in 6/29 @entity1 (20%) of group A, in 11/474 @entity1 (2.3%) of group B and in 3/7 @entity1 (42%) of group C. In all @entity1 of groups A and C, the II- @entity713 was transient. In contrast, in 6/474 @entity1 of group B (1.2%, 2 II degree and 4 @entity713 ) the block still persisted at the end of the procedure. Within 7 days of the procedure, a late persistent II- @entity713 developed in 1/29 @entity1 (3.4%, 1 III degree) of group A, in 1/474 @entity1 (0.2%, 1 II degree) of group B and in 0/7 @entity1 of group C. In 1 out of 6 @entity1 of group B who developed an intraprocedural persistent @entity713 , 1:1 conduction resumed within the first week. A definitive pacemaker was implanted for permanent @entity713 in 1/29 @entity1 of group A (3.4%), in 4/474 @entity1 (0.8%) of group B and in 0/7 @entity1 of group C. In the remaining 2/474 group B @entity1 with permanent @entity713 , a pacemaker was not implanted. During follow-up, no @entity1 presented with a II- @entity713 related to the ablation. In group B, 2 @entity1 received a pacemaker implant for reasons unrelated to the ablation (1 sick sinus syndrome, 1 progressive @entity1757 ). CONCLUSIONS: The risk of permanent @entity713 in @entity1 who undergo fast or slow pathway ablation is low and limited to the procedure or to the days immediately after the procedure, and there is no risk of II- @entity713 during long-term follow-up.

title: Radiofrequency ablation of XXXX : the risk of intraprocedural, late and long-term @entity713 . The Veneto Region multicenter experience.

entities_list: @entity713 :: ('MESH:D054537', 'Disease') :: ['AV block', 'III degree AV block', 'II degree AV block', 'atrioventricular (AV) block']

entities_list: @entity2917 :: ('MESH:D013611', 'Disease') :: ['AVNRT', 'atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity1757 :: ('MESH:D006345', 'Disease') :: ['intraventricular conduction disease']

answer: @entity2917 :: (MESH:D013611,Disease) :: ['atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia']


abstract: The relative importance of @entity101 as a risk factor for @entity1095 is of the same order as @entity453 . The design of drug studies in @entity432 presents several problems. First, investigations must be placebo-controlled and crossover in design. Second, since these @entity1 are very much at risk from other @entity432 , length of treatment phase is critical. Third, drug doses are also critical--probably best chosen by titration to similar antihypertensive effect. Fourth, @entity1 must be trained in treadmill procedure. Fifth, measurements of limb blood flow must be accompanied where possible by "functional" assessment, e.g., claudication distance. With respect to the specific problem of low perfusion pressure distal to the blockage of peripheral vasculature, resting blood flow may remain normal, implying compensatory reduction in tone of arteriolar resistance vessels. Thus, regional circulation distal to blockage is sensitive to changes in perfusion pressure. There is the risk of "steal" with vasodilator agents; however, conflict exists in the literature over effects of beta-blockers in this situation. In view of its peripheral hemodynamic profile, the theoretical possibilities with the beta-blocker/vasodilator @entity1405 in @entity1 with @entity101 and @entity1095 seem extremely rewarding, but remain to be borne out in practice.

title: Antihypertensive treatment in concomitant @entity1095 : current experience and the potential of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1095 :: ('MESH:D016491', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral vascular disease']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity1405 :: ('MESH:C043211', 'Chemical') :: ['carvedilol']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['occlusive vascular disease', 'vascular occlusions']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

answer: @entity1405 :: (MESH:C043211,Chemical) :: ['carvedilol']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the acute and chronic effects of @entity594 retard ( @entity5563 ), @entity594 gastrointestinal therapeutic system (NGITS) and @entity3591 at trough and peak plasma concentrations of drug on blood pressure and heart rate, and on plasma @entity1063 and @entity1425 levels in @entity1 with mild-to-moderate @entity101 (diastolic blood pressure 95-115 mmHg). DESIGN AND METHODS: After 3-4 weeks' placebo treatment, @entity1 of both sexes were randomly allocated to be administered 10 or 20 mg @entity5563 twice a day, 30 or 60 mg NGITS once a day, and 5 or 10 mg @entity3591 once a day for 6 weeks. Initially, for the first 2 weeks, the lowest dose of each drug was used, but higher doses were administered after 2 weeks if sitting diastolic blood pressure was > 90 mmHg. @entity1 were evaluated after administration of the first dose and after 6 weeks' therapy in a hospital setting. Blood samples were taken for high-performance liquid chromatography measurement of @entity2922 and drug levels at various intervals for a period covering trough to peak drug level ranges. RESULTS: Administration of all three drugs reduced clinic blood pressure to the same level after 6 weeks' therapy, but heart rate was increased slightly only with @entity3591 (P < 0.05). Administration of @entity5563 reduced blood pressure more abruptly whereas administrations of NGITS and @entity3591 induced smoother falls after acute and chronic treatments: a significant increase in heart rate was observed with @entity3591 after chronic treatment. Both acute and chronic treatments with @entity5563 (n = 19) increased @entity1063 levels (P < 0.01) transiently (2-4 h). In contrast, administration of NGITS (n = 22) did not increase @entity1063 levels and even induced a slight but significant decrease in @entity1063 levels 5-6 h after chronic treatments. Although administration of @entity3591 (n = 22) did not increase @entity1063 levels transiently either after acute or after chronic administration, it did induce a sustained rise in basal @entity1063 levels by more than 50% after chronic therapy (P < 0.01). Plasma @entity1425 levels were not increased by any of the treatments and even a slight decrease was observed 4 h after administration of a dose following chronic treatments with NGITS and @entity3591 (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The transient increase in @entity1063 levels observed with @entity5563 and the sustained increases in @entity1063 levels observed after chronic treatment with @entity3591 suggest that sympathetic activation occurs with those two drugs. The lack of increase in @entity1063 levels after administration of NGITS suggests that this formulation does not activate the sympathetic system. The lowering of @entity1425 levels after administrations of NGITS and @entity3591 suggests that inhibition of release of @entity1425 by the adrenal medulla occurs with longer-acting @entity7236 formulations.

title: Different effects of @entity594 and @entity3591 on circulating @entity2922 levels in essential @entity101 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity7236 :: ('MESH:C038806', 'Chemical') :: ['dihydropyridine']

entities_list: @entity1425 :: ('MESH:D004837', 'Chemical') :: ['epinephrine']

entities_list: @entity3591 :: ('MESH:D017311', 'Chemical') :: ['amlodipine']

entities_list: @entity2922 :: ('CHEBI:33567', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamine']

entities_list: @entity594 :: ('MESH:D009543', 'Chemical') :: ['nifedipine']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['norepinephrine']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Numerous uremic solutes are derived from the action of colon microbes. Two such solutes, @entity6634 and @entity35926 , have been associated with adverse outcomes in @entity177 . This study tested whether increasing dietary fiber in the form of resistant starch would lower the plasma levels of these solutes in @entity1 on hemodialysis. DESIGN, SETTING, @entity1 , _ MEASUREMENTS: Fifty-six @entity1 on maintenance hemodialysis were randomly assigned to receive supplements containing resistant starch (n=28) or control starch (n=28) daily for 6 weeks in a study conducted between October 2010 and May 2013. Of these, 40 @entity1 (20 in each group) completed the study and were included in the final analysis. Plasma @entity6634 and @entity35926 levels were measured at baseline and week 6. RESULTS: Increasing dietary fiber for 6 weeks significantly reduced the unbound, free plasma level of @entity6634 (median -29% [25th percentile, 75th percentile, -56, -12] for fiber versus -0.4% [-20, 34] for control, P=0.02). The reduction in free plasma levels of @entity6634 was accompanied by a reduction in free plasma levels of @entity35926 (r=0.81, P<0.001). However, the reduction of @entity35926 levels was of lesser magnitude and did not achieve significance (median -28% [-46, 5] for fiber versus 4% [-28, 36] for control, P=0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Increasing dietary fiber in hemodialysis @entity1 may reduce the plasma levels of the colon-derived solutes @entity6634 and possibly @entity35926 without the need to intensify dialysis treatments. Further studies are required to determine whether such reduction provides clinical benefits.

title: Effect of increasing dietary fiber on plasma levels of colon-derived solutes in hemodialysis XXXX .

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity35926 :: ('MESH:C408690', 'Chemical') :: ['p-cresol sulfate']

entities_list: @entity6634 :: ('MESH:D007200', 'Chemical') :: ['indoxyl sulfate']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: @entity194 following herpes simplex @entity198 has formerly been described. We aimed to quantify @entity194 after @entity198 of various causes. Additional objectives were to define which initial or long-term clinical factors correlate with @entity393 and to search for any correlate in global clinical outcome measures. METHODS: MR imaging was performed in 40 subjects in the acute stage of @entity198 and > or =6 months after onset of symptoms. The ventricle brain ratio (VBR) was measured on corresponding images from disease onset and follow-up, and the change in VBR (VBR delta) was calculated as a percentage value of the starting measure. Clinical outcome was evaluated by interview and neurologic examination and characterized by using an @entity198 -adapted version of the modified Rankin Scale. RESULTS: The VBR delta ranged from -5%-102% (median, 5.93%; lower quartile, 1.8%; upper quartile, 14.55%; mean, 14.43%; SD, 23.75%). We found significant differences in the VBR delta between those @entity1 who required intensive care (P = .027), had more than 2 @entity302 or a @entity159 during the acute stage (P = 0.021), or developed @entity302 (P = .015) and their respective counter-subgroups. Three @entity1 were rated to have unfavorable outcome (modified Rankin Scale, 3-5). @entity1 with unfavorable clinical outcomes tended to show greater VBR delta values, but a statistical evaluation was impossible because of small numbers. CONCLUSION: More than 2 @entity302 or a @entity159 during the acute stage of @entity198 is associated with a greater loss of parenchyma.

title: XXXX as a risk factor for postencephalitic parenchyma loss evaluated by ventricle brain ratio measurement on MR imaging.

entities_list: @entity198 :: ('MESH:D004660', 'Disease') :: ['encephalitis']

entities_list: @entity194 :: ('MESH:D001284', 'Disease') :: ['atrophy', 'Cerebral atrophy']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epileptic seizures', 'postencephalitic epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['volume loss']

entities_list: @entity159 :: ('MESH:D013226', 'Disease') :: ['status epilepticus']

answer: @entity159 :: (MESH:D013226,Disease) :: ['Status epilepticus']


abstract: MicroRNA-124 (miR-124) is an evolutionarily conserved, small, noncoding RNA molecule that participates in the central nervous system (CNS) developmental control of gene expression. In the current study, we found that @entity238 embryos lacking the mir-124 gene did not exhibit detectable defects in axon growth or CNS development. On the other hand, adult mutants showed severe problems in locomotion, flight, and female fertility. Furthermore, the deficits that we observed in the adult stage could be marginally rescued with elav-GAL4 driven expression of miR-124, making elav-GAL4 an excellently simulated driver to induce entopic over-expression of miR-124. Further developmental assessment in the third instar larval neuromuscular junction (NMJ) and dendritic arborization (DA) neurons was performed with miR-124 knock outs, flies over-expressing miR-124, and rescue models. Typically, the absence and over-abundance of a molecular signal exerts opposite effects on development or phenotype. However, we determined that both miR-124 knock-outs and over-expressing flies displayed @entity3161 . Similarly, @entity146 were observed between the two mutant lines. As to ddaF, we found that branching number was not influenced by mir-124 knock out, but was statistically reduced by miR-124 over-expression. While we were not able to determine any causal relationship between @entity146 and @entity1141 of NMJs or DA neurons, there were some accompanying relationships among behavioral phenotypes, @entity4094 , and ddaE/ddaF dendritic branching which were all controlled by miR-124.

title: miR-124 controls XXXX behavior and is required for neural development.

entities_list: @entity4094 :: ('MESH:D009468', 'Disease') :: ['NMJ abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['behavioral defects', 'reduced ddaE branching numbers']

entities_list: @entity3161 :: ('MESH:D020511', 'Disease') :: ['reduced NMJ 6/7 bouton number and branch length']

entities_list: @entity238 :: ('7227', 'Species') :: ['Drosophila']

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['dysplasia']

answer: @entity238 :: (7227,Species) :: ['Drosophila']


abstract: PURPOSE: To analyze the features of CT imaging of @entity2694 . METHODS: A total of 30 @entity1 were pathologically confirmed with @entity2694 between January 2007 and March 2012. Prior to operation, the @entity1 underwent CT scans with image processing by maximum intensity projection (MIP) and volume rendering (VR). Preoperative CT diagnostic outcomes were compared with postoperative pathological findings. RESULTS: The @entity1 presented with round, oval and dumbbell shaped masses. Fourteen cases of @entity48 and 8 cases of @entity4890 showed heterogeneous density. Among the @entity48 @entity1 , 6 cases had demixing phenomenon, 3 cases had lipid drift and 5 cases showed mild or moderate intensity enhancement in the cyst wall. No intensity enhancement was observed in the @entity4890 @entity1 . Five cases had high intensity due to @entity548 and 3 @entity1 presented with adjacent sclerotin arc compression; 5 cases of @entity4494 had homogenous density and no intensity enhancement was found when @entity6111 was injected. Three @entity1 with @entity45 had heterogeneous density, with CT value ranging from -36Hu to 191Hu. Floss was noted centrally in 1 case and mild to moderate intensity enhancement was observed in the cyst wall with @entity6111 injection. CONCLUSION: Multi-slice CT is useful in the diagnosis of @entity2694 . Multi-slice CT combined with image processing can be helpful in displaying the location and size of masses, and revealing the relationship between masses and surrounding boney tissue, providing an objective basis for surgical planning when combined with 3D-CT imaging.

title: Diagnostic value of the post-processing technique of multi-slice spiral CT in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4890 :: ('MESH:D004814', 'Disease') :: ['epidermoid cyst']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity4494 :: ('MESH:D045888', 'Disease') :: ['myxoid cyst']

entities_list: @entity2694 :: ('MESH:D009916', 'Disease') :: ['orbital cystic disease']

entities_list: @entity48 :: ('MESH:D003884', 'Disease') :: ['dermoid cyst']

entities_list: @entity45 :: ('MESH:D010181', 'Disease') :: ['atheromatous cyst']

answer: @entity2694 :: (MESH:D009916,Disease) :: ['orbital cyst diseases']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We examined factors associated with screening for @entity633 and initiation of @entity1289 inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) treatment in @entity6 @entity1 . RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We conducted surveys and medical record reviews for 5,378 @entity1 participating in a study of @entity6 care in managed care at baseline (2000-2001) and follow-up (2002-2003). Factors associated with testing for @entity633 were examined in cross-sectional analysis at baseline. Factors associated with initiating @entity1289 inhibitor/ARB therapy were determined prospectively. RESULTS: At baseline, 52% of @entity1 not receiving @entity1289 inhibitor/ARB therapy and without known @entity2316 ( @entity2316 ) were screened for @entity633 . @entity1 > or =65 years of age, those with higher HbA(1c), those with @entity65 ( @entity65 ), and those without @entity407 were less likely to be screened. Of the @entity1 with positive screening tests, 47% began @entity1289 inhibitor/ARB therapy. Initiation of therapy was associated with positive screening test results, BMI > or =25 kg/m(2), treatment with insulin or oral antidiabetic agents, @entity1897 , systolic blood pressure > or =140 mmHg, and @entity65 . Of the @entity1 receiving @entity1289 inhibitor/ARB therapy or with known @entity2316 , 63% were tested for @entity633 . CONCLUSIONS: Screening for @entity633 was inadequate, especially in older @entity1 or those with competing medical concerns. The value of screening could be increased if more @entity1 with positive screening tests initiated @entity1289 inhibitor/ARB therapy. The efficiency of screening could be improved by limiting screening to @entity6 @entity1 not receiving @entity1289 inhibitor/ARB therapy and without known @entity2316 .

title: Who is tested for XXXX and who initiates treatment? The Translating Research Into Action For @entity6 (TRIAD) Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity407 :: ('MESH:D006949', 'Disease') :: ['hyperlipidemia']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity2316 :: ('MESH:D003928', 'Disease') :: ['DKD', 'diabetic kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity633 :: ('MESH:D000419', 'Disease') :: ['albuminuria']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['CVD', 'cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity2316 :: (MESH:D003928,Disease) :: ['diabetic kidney disease']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 8022 Background: @entity1749 (B) is a proteasome inhibitor that appears to work in @entity1073 by causing cell cycle arrest and induction of apoptosis through oxidative and ER stress-mediated up-regulation of NOX. Phase II clinical trials of B in relapsed/refractory @entity1073 have shown durable responses in up to 58% of @entity1 . DA-EPOCH-R is an effective platform regimen in @entity1073 and we set out to investigate the efficacy of DA-EPOCH-RB and maintenance B in newly diagnosed @entity1073 . METHODS: All @entity1 received Part A and Part B. Part A was B alone (1.5 or 1.3mg/m(2)) for 1 cycle on d 1, 4, 8, 11 and Part B was DA-EPOCH-R for 6 cycles with B on d 1, 4. Due to excessive @entity2359 in the first 5 @entity1 on study (all required reduction or discontinuation of B), the dose of B with DA-EPOCH-R was reduced from 1.5 to 1.3 mg/m(2). @entity1 with a CR or PR to Part B (and without significant @entity2359 ) were randomized to maintenance B (1.3mg/m2 d 1, 4, 8 and 11 q 8 wks for 18 mos) or observation (Part C). RESULTS: @entity1 (n=38) characteristics: median (range) age 58 (41-73); male sex 29 (76%); stage IV disease 100%. Responses: Part A: PR in 4 (11%) and NR in 34 (89%); Part B: CR in 24 (63%), PR in 11 (29%) and NR in 3 (8%). PFS and @entity3012 at 36-month follow-up are 47% and 84% respectively. For 11 @entity1 randomized to B maintenance, PFS at 36 months is 48% compared to 63% for @entity1 (10) randomized to observation (2-tailed log-rank p-value=0.66). 50% of @entity1 had >=  grade 2 @entity2359 and at the 1.3mg/m(2) dose of B, 33% of @entity1 required a dose reduction or discontinuation of B. Other significant @entity137 were @entity221 in 8% of cycles and grade 3 or 4 @entity882 in 34% of cycles. CONCLUSIONS: B does not appear to add to the efficacy of DA-EPOCH-R in @entity1073 . This may be related to scheduling - B may put cells into cycle arrest and reduce the efficacy of DA-EPOCH-R. In an early analysis, maintenance B following induction therapy does not appear to improve PFS compared to observation alone, suggesting that maintenance B may not be a useful strategy in @entity1073 . However, accrual continues. Ongoing translational studies on biopsied tissue taken before and after B (during Part A) will attempt to elucidate the mechanism of action of B in @entity1073 .

title: @entity1749 plus DA-EPOCH-rituximab followed by XXXX maintenance versus observation in previously untreated @entity1073 ( @entity1073 ).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity1749 :: ('MESH:C400082', 'Chemical') :: ['Bortezomib']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenic fever/infection']

entities_list: @entity2359 :: ('MESH:D020258', 'Disease') :: ['neurotoxicity']

answer: @entity1749 :: (MESH:C400082,Chemical) :: ['bortezomib']


abstract: AIM: To review previous mammograms of @entity1 found later to have @entity3821 and identify features which may have been missed or misinterpreted as benign. METHODS: The previous mammograms of 50 @entity1 who developed @entity3821 were analysed. The mammographic features at diagnosis and on the prior mammograms were compared. RESULTS: 11 (22%) of the previous mammograms were in retrospect abnormal; 5 (45%) of these had previously been assessed for the abnormality. All showed microcalcification. The following features were commoner at diagnosis than on previous films; rod shaped @entity730 (64 vs. 27%, P = 0.03) and a ductal distribution of @entity730 (76 vs. 45%, P = 0.05). @entity730 (64 vs. 12%, P = 0.001) and less than 10 calcifications in the cluster (54 vs. 24%, P = 0.05) were more common on the previous films. No difference was found in the frequency of granular @entity730 , branching @entity730 , irregularity in density, size or shape of @entity730 between the two groups. CONCLUSION: Features of @entity3821 missed on previous mammography include small cluster size, less than 10 calcifications in the cluster, the absence of rod shaped calcifications, the absence of a ductal distribution and the presence of @entity730 . Features frequently seen both at diagnosis and on previous films which might have allowed earlier diagnosis were granular calcifications which vary in size, density and shape in an irregularly shaped cluster. Focal clustered @entity730 deserves aggressive investigation.

title: Mammographic features of @entity3821 ( XXXX ) present on previous mammography.

entities_list: @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['calcification', 'Predominantly punctate calcification', 'predominantly punctate calcification']

answer: @entity3821 :: (MESH:D002285,Disease) :: ['DCIS']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity172 receptors (ERs), including @entity1782 and @entity1783 , mainly mediate the genotype effect of @entity172 . @entity1782 is highly expressed in most @entity0 . Endocrine therapy is the most effective and safety adjunctive therapy for ER positive @entity0 . @entity59584 , an RNA binding protein (RBP), post-transcriptionally regulating gene expression, is emerging as a critical mechanism for gene regulation in @entity1 cells. In this study, we revealed @entity59584 's capability of regulating @entity1782 expression. There was a significant correlation between @entity59584 and @entity1782 expression in @entity0 tissues. Ectopic expression of @entity59584 could increase @entity1782 transcript and expression in @entity0 cells, and vice versa. Consistent with this, @entity59584 was able to bind to @entity1782 transcript to increase its stability. Furthermore, overexpression of @entity1782 could decrease the level of @entity59584 transcript and protein. It suggested a novel mechanism by which @entity1782 expression was regulated via stabilizing mRNA. A regulatory feedback loop between @entity59584 and @entity1782 was proved. It indicated that @entity59584 played a crucial role in @entity1782 regulation in ER-positive @entity0 via binding to @entity1782 mRNA. These findings might provide new insights into @entity0 endocrine therapy and @entity1782 research.

title: @entity172 receptor (ER) was regulated by XXXX stabilizing mRNA in ER positive @entity0 .

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen', 'Estrogen']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancers', 'breast cancer']

answer: @entity59584 :: (55544,Gene) :: ['RNPC1']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Therapy-related @entity5 (t-MN) are a complication of cytotoxic treatment for @entity5 and @entity792 . We report data on 277 t-MN @entity1 , recruited between 1999 and 2013 by the Italian Network on @entity1778 (104 retrospectively and 173 prospectively registered). Median age at t-MN diagnosis was 64 years (range, 21-87). Most frequent primary @entity5 (PMs) were @entity1071 and @entity0 . One hundred and thirty-three @entity1 had received @entity7730 ( @entity7730 ), 43 @entity1 radiotherapy (RT), and 101 @entity1 combined @entity7730 /RT for PM. Median time between cytotoxic treatment and t-MN was 5.7 years, with t-MN following RT alone associated with significantly longer latency, compared to @entity7730 or combined @entity7730 /RT (mean, 11.2 vs. 7.1 years, P   =   0.0005). The addition of topoisomerase-II inhibitors to alkylating agents was associated with shorter latency compared to alkylating agents alone (median, 6 vs. 8.4 years, P   =   0.02). Median survival was 14.6 months from t-MN diagnosis, and was significantly longer in @entity1 treated with allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Significant factors for survival at the multivariable analysis included age, adverse karyotype, and degree of @entity417 . Our data underline the prognostic importance of karyotype and age in t-MN, similar to de novo @entity3052 . Treatment approaches should not preclude the use of conventional treatments for younger t-MN @entity1 , including allogeneic stem cell transplantation as potentially curative approach. Am. J. Hematol., 2015.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Characteristics and outcome of therapy-related XXXX : Report from the Italian network on @entity1778 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1071 :: ('MESH:D008232', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoproliferative diseases']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['primary tumors', 'myeloid neoplasms', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute myeloid leukemia']

entities_list: @entity1778 :: ('MESH:D007938', 'Disease') :: ['Secondary Leukemias']

entities_list: @entity7730 :: ('MESH:D064146', 'Disease') :: ['CHT', 'chemotherapy']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune diseases']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['myeloid neoplasms']


abstract: BACKGROUND: There has been a relative lack of research on the effect of enhanced recovery in the context of morbid @entity28 surgery. OBJECTIVES: To determine if the application of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) principles can contribute to reduce postoperative hospital length of stay after bariatric surgery, controlling for other factors that may influence safe discharge on the first postoperative day. SETTING: University teaching hospital, United Kingdom. METHODS: Between February 2011 and December 2014, prospectively collected data on all @entity1 undergoing laparoscopic bariatric surgery under the care of a single surgeon were reviewed. From January 2012, all @entity1 were enrolled in an ERAS protocol and were assessed for fitness for early discharge (within 24 hr from the operation). Baseline @entity1 characteristics and additional concomitant procedures data were compared for @entity1 treated before and after implementation of the ERAS protocol; 30-day readmission data were analyzed for @entity1 discharged on the first postoperative day and those discharged later. The effect of the implementation of the ERAS protocol on discharge on the first postoperative day was analyzed using multivariate analysis, while taking into account the effects of potential confounders (e.g., age, gender, American Society of Anesthesiologists [ASA] grade, concomitant surgical procedures, etc.). RESULTS: Two-hundred and eighty-eight consecutive @entity1 underwent bariatric surgery. Of these, 278 (96.5%) were potentially suitable for early discharge, while 10 (3.5%) @entity1 developed an @entity260 that delayed discharge irrespective of the effect of ERAS. All these @entity1 required a reoperation within 48 hours and therefore were not considered suitable for early discharge and were not included in the statistical analysis. During the entire study period, 100 of 278 (36%) @entity1 were discharged on the first postoperative day, 28.5% after laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB) and 60.9% after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG); 178 of 278 (64%) @entity1 were discharged after>= 2 days (mean: 2.58, range: 2-5). After implementation of the ERAS protocol in January 2012, the rate of @entity1 discharged on the first postoperative day increased significantly from 1.6% to 39.7% after LRYGB (P<.01). Early discharge increased from 50% to 67.5% after LSG; although this change did not reach statistical significance (P = .294), it nevertheless represents a clinically relevant result. Four (4%) @entity1 were readmitted after having been discharged on the first postoperative day, 10 (5.3%) @entity1 after having been discharged>= 2 postoperative days. This difference was not statistically significant (P = .620). CONCLUSIONS: The implementation of an enhanced recovery program after bariatric surgery is feasible, well tolerated, and can significantly reduce the length of hospital stay without increasing readmission rates. Controlling for several possible confounders, implementation of the ERAS protocol remained the strongest predictor of discharge on the first postoperative day after laparoscopic bariatric surgery.

title: Is there a role for enhanced recovery after laparoscopic bariatric surgery? Preliminary results from a specialist XXXX treatment center.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['acute postoperative complication']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obesity']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Atopy quantification using IgE levels/skin test diameter (SPT-MWD) may better predict the expression of @entity2490 than using atopy as a dichotomous variable. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between the presence, temporal pattern and severity of @entity2490 in preschool @entity1 and specific IgE levels/SPT-MWDs. METHODS: @entity1 were followed prospectively to age 5 years in a whole-population birth cohort study. We administered questionnaires (n = 815), skin prick tested @entity1 (n = 717) and measured specific serum IgE (n = 478) to @entity6766 . Main outcomes were current @entity2490 (CR) and @entity7370 ( @entity7370 ). RESULTS: The prevalence of CR and @entity7370 was 26.1% and 12.1%, respectively. The risk of CR and @entity7370 increased significantly with increasing IgE to grass, mite and cat; @entity7370 was also associated with increasing IgE to @entity235 and peanut. Similarly, increasing SPT-MWDs to inhalant allergens were significantly associated with CR and @entity7370 . This association was also shown for grass within the group of @entity1097 @entity1 . @entity2023 were associated with increasing IgE/SPT-MWD to mite and grass, respectively. Moderate/severe @entity2490 was associated with increasing IgE/SPT-MWD to grass. In a multivariate analysis, increasing levels of IgE/SPT-MWD to grass were the strongest independent predictors of both CR (for IgE: OR 1.42, 95% CI 1.23-1.64, P < 0.001) and @entity7370 (for IgE: 1.51, 1.30-1.76, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The probability of CR/ @entity7370 increases with increasing specific IgE levels or SPT-MWD. With respect to @entity2023 , the absolute levels of specific IgE antibody or the size of SPT wheal offer more information than just the presence/absence of sensitization.

title: Quantification of atopy and the probability of XXXX in preschool @entity1 : a population-based birth cohort study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity7370 :: ('OMIM:613207', 'Disease') :: ['current rhinoconjunctivitis', 'CRC']

entities_list: @entity2023 :: ('MESH:D006255', 'Disease') :: ['Perennial and seasonal rhinitis', 'allergic rhinitis']

entities_list: @entity6766 :: ('MESH:D005517', 'Disease') :: ['inhalant and food allergens']

answer: @entity2490 :: (MESH:D012220,Disease) :: ['rhinitis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Main aim: to determine the frequency of violence in primary care. Secondary aims: to analyse its causes, consequences and connection with professional burnout and reduced motivation. DESIGN: Transversal, descriptive study. SETTING: Primary care. @entity1 : 68 primary care doctors from 4 districts in the province of Ja  n (350, 19%). MAIN MEASUREMENTS: Self-administered questionnaire with an ad hoc design, sent out by mail and including personal and job details and doctors' views on the causes and consequences of burnout and violence, and the attitudes of the Andalusian Health Service (SAS) and professional bodies (overall reliability, Cronbach's alpha =.7898). RESULTS: 58% had @entity146 (85% verbal abuse, 67.5% threats, 12.5% physical aggression). Being attacked was linked with attributing the responsibility to the @entity1 (odds ratio [OR]=7.6, 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.5-23), with doing extra shifts (OR=6.3; 95% CI, 1.2-33), @entity2003 (OR=3.5; 95% CI, 1.2-10.7), inadequate handling of emotive situations (OR=3.2; 95% CI, 1.1-9.2,) and @entity337 (OR=5.2; 95% CI, 1.6-17). Violence scored the lowest as cause of burnout and was linked to the job being less rewarding (OR=2.9; 95% CI, 1.0-7.8). It was linked to irritation with the SAS (OR=2.8; 95% CI, 1.0-7.5) and fear of reduced motivation (OR=2.8; 95% CI, 1.0-7.5), with this latter being linked to loss of social prestige (P<.01), feeling low self-esteem (P<.01), and @entity308 (P<.01). CONCLUSIONS: Violence is more common than in the figures given by the International Labour Organisation. It is associated with distrust, lack of communication in health care delivery and @entity337 . It is the cause of burnout that is least appreciated and it is linked to the job being less rewarding and to greater fear of reduced motivation.

title: [Analysis of XXXX violence in primary care].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['suffered aggression']

entities_list: @entity337 :: ('MESH:D001022', 'Disease') :: ['incompetence']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We report a 31-year-old farmer whose work consists in handling cereal and vegetables, who consulted our clinic because of @entity565 symptoms after inhalation of dust during manipulation of the deposited material, usually inside the warehouse. METHODS AND RESULTS: Skin prick tests and specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) determinations were negative with common aeroallergens. The @entity1 noted the presence of many spiders in the warehouse, which were identified as the cellar spider Holocnemus pluchei and the common house spider, Tegenaria domestica. Extracts of spider bodies brought in by the @entity1 were obtained and used to perform in vivo and in vitro studies. Molecular characterization of IgE-binding bands was performed by mass spectrometry. We obtained positive prick tests to the extracts of the bodies of both spiders. Immunoblotting displayed different bands in both spider extracts, in a range of 20-70 kDa. All were hemocyanins, except for a 17-kDa protein of Holocnemus identified as an @entity369 kinase (AK). Bronchial challenge was positive with the extract of the cellar spider and with the AK, but was negative with the domestic house spider. CONCLUSION: We present the first case of @entity1576 due to sensitization to AK from a common spider, confirmed by bronchial provocation tests.

title: XXXX kinase from the cellar spider (Holocnemus pluchei): a new @entity565 -causing allergen.

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory allergy']

entities_list: @entity369 :: ('CHEBI:29016', 'Chemical') :: ['arginine']

answer: @entity369 :: (CHEBI:29016,Chemical) :: ['Arginine']


abstract: Accidental exposure to depleted or enriched @entity595 may occur in a variety of circumstances. There is a need to quantify such exposure, with the possibility that the testing may post-date exposure by months or years. Therefore, it is important to develop a very sensitive test to measure precisely the isotopic composition of @entity595 in urine at low levels of concentration. The results of an interlaboratory comparison using sector field (SF)-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP- @entity15 ) and multiple collector (MC)-ICP- @entity15 for the measurement of @entity595 concentration and U/U and U/U isotopic ratios of @entity1 urine samples are presented. Three urine samples were verified to contain @entity595 at 1-5 ng L and shown to have natural @entity595 isotopic composition. Portions of these urine batches were doped with depleted @entity595 (DU) containing small quantities of U, and the solutions were split into 100 mL and 400 mL aliquots that were subsequently measured blind by three laboratories. All methods investigated were able to measure accurately U/U with precisions of approximately 0.5% to approximately 4%, but only selected MC-ICP- @entity15 methods were capable of consistently analyzing U/U to reasonable precision at the approximately 20 fg L level of U abundance. Isotope dilution using a U tracer demonstrates the ability to measure concentrations to better than +/-4% with the MC-ICP- @entity15 method, though sample heterogeneity in urine samples was shown to be problematic in some cases. MC-ICP- @entity15 outperformed SF-ICP- @entity15 methods, as was expected. The MC-ICP- @entity15 methodology described is capable of measuring to approximately 1% precision the U/U of any sample of @entity1 urine over the entire range of @entity595 abundance down to <1 ng L, and detecting very small amounts of DU contained therein.

title: Determination of 238u/235u, 236u/238u and XXXX concentration in urine using sf-icp-ms and mc-icp-ms: an interlaboratory comparison.

entities_list: @entity595 :: ('MESH:D014501', 'Chemical') :: ['uranium']

answer: @entity595 :: (MESH:D014501,Chemical) :: ['uranium']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine the detection rate of fetal @entity600 and @entity2008 and the rate of false-positive ultrasound diagnoses at routine ultrasound examinations carried out by specially trained midwives in an unselected pregnant population from 2000 to 2005, and to describe the consequences of true-positive and false-positive ultrasound diagnoses of fetal @entity600 . METHODS: A retrospective analysis was undertaken of all babies born in Malm  , Sweden, between January 2000 and December 2005 by mothers residing in Malm   and of all fetuses with an ultrasound diagnosis of @entity600 made in the same time interval at the two units performing all routine pregnancy scans in Malm  . All @entity1 underwent two routine scans, at 18 and 32 weeks, including scrutiny of the fetal anatomy. Detection rates and false-positive rates were calculated per fetus. RESULTS: The prevalence of chromosomally abnormal fetuses was 0.31% (52/16 775); that of chromosomally normal fetuses with major and minor @entity600 was 1.80% (302/16 775) and 1.32% (222/16 775), respectively. The detection rate of fetuses with major @entity600 but normal chromosomes was 68% (205/302), with a detection rate at < 22 weeks of 37% (112/302). In addition, 46% (24/52) of all chromosomally abnormal fetuses were diagnosed before birth because a @entity600 was detected at ultrasound imaging, 33% (17/52) being detected at < 22 gestational weeks. In all, 68 pregnancies were terminated because of an ultrasound diagnosis of @entity2241 (0.4% of all pregnancies and 47% of the pregnancies in which a @entity2241 was detected by ultrasound examination before 22 weeks). A false-positive ultrasound diagnosis of @entity600 was made in 0.19% (31/16 180) of the normally formed fetuses and in 20 (0.12%) fetuses the abnormal finding persisted during pregnancy. No fetus assigned a false-positive diagnosis was lost by termination of pregnancy, but most were subjected to one or more unnecessary interventions before birth (e.g. amniocentesis), at birth (e.g. Cesarean section) or after birth (e.g. electrocardiogram, X-ray, ultrasound examination or treatment with antibiotics). CONCLUSIONS: In a screening program consisting of one @entity2241 scan at 18 weeks and another at 32 weeks the detection rate of major @entity600 in chromosomally normal fetuses was 68% with a detection rate of 37% at < 22 weeks. The corresponding detection rates of chromosomally abnormal fetuses were 46% and 33%. Fewer than one in 500 screened fetuses had an ultrasound diagnosis of an @entity154 that was not confirmed after birth.

title: Diagnostic performance of routine ultrasound screening for XXXX in an unselected Swedish population in 2000-2005.

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['malformations', 'malformation']

entities_list: @entity2008 :: ('MESH:D002869', 'Disease') :: ['chromosomal abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity2241 :: ('MESH:D005315', 'Disease') :: ['fetal malformation', 'fetal anomaly']

answer: @entity2241 :: (MESH:D005315,Disease) :: ['fetal abnormalities']


abstract: In order to investigate the plasticity of cutaneous @entity3002 in @entity9 , we monitored sensory and vasomotor effects of diagnostic sympathetic @entity616 in 24 @entity1 , who suffered from @entity1118 and @entity1931 following peripheral nerve or tissue injury. Ongoing @entity158 was rated on a visual analogue scale, and @entity158 evoked by innocuous tactile and cooling stimuli ( @entity1931 ) on a verbal rating scale. Skin temperatures were determined at symmetric sites. In two @entity1 , cutaneous blood flow was measured with a laser Doppler device. The sympathetic blocks led to a significant reduction of the group mean ongoing @entity158 (40%) and @entity1931 (50%). Between @entity1 , however, there was a large variability that could not be related merely to adequacy of sympathetic blockade. Neither the magnitude of change in skin temperature nor the final skin temperature after the block correlated with the amount of @entity158 relief. The relief of @entity1931 , however, correlated with the relief of ongoing @entity158 . Nine @entity1 experienced @entity158 relief of greater than 50%. In these @entity1 , the time course of @entity1931 relief was similar to the time course of relief of ongoing @entity158 . @entity158 relief occurred simultaneously with or a few minutes before cutaneous vasodilatation. During the block, even vigorous mechanical or cold stimuli did not rekindle @entity1931 . In all @entity1 , @entity158 and @entity1931 returned within a day after the block. In three @entity1 tested, passive warming of the limb to the temperature achieved by the sympathetic block had negligible effects on @entity158 and @entity1931 . The @entity1931 of sympathetically maintained @entity158 is thought to be due to sensitization of central @entity158 -signalling neurons to mechanoreceptor input. The present data indicate that this sensitization is highly plastic even when the disease has persisted for months or years. It could be reversed within minutes by a sympathetic blockade, but returned when sympathetic block subsided. Mechanoreceptor input by itself was not sufficient to maintain or rekindle the central sensitization. This supports the hypothesis that low-grade activity of nociceptors, possibly due to development of alpha-adrenergic sensitivity after injury, is involved in the maintenance of central sensitization.

title: The plasticity of @entity1931 during sympathetic ganglion blockade in XXXX with @entity9 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1931 :: ('MESH:D006930', 'Disease') :: ['cutaneous hyperalgesia', 'hyperalgesia']

entities_list: @entity3002 :: ('MESH:D009421', 'Disease') :: ['sensory abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain']

entities_list: @entity9 :: ('MESH:D009437', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathic pain']

entities_list: @entity616 :: ('MESH:D006327', 'Disease') :: ['ganglion blocks']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The present article details a new technique for the repair of @entity292 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-five @entity1 with @entity292 , between 13 days and 4 years of age underwent surgical correction by trans- @entity292 ano-recto-plasty (TFARP). The technique, described in detail, involves mobilization of the @entity292 and the rectum through the @entity292 and creation of a new anus in the anatomically normal site by preserving both the perineal skin bridge (skin between the neo-anus and the posterior fourchette) and the levator muscle. RESULTS: The mean operating time was 85 min, and the mean hospital stay was 5 days. Moderate anal stenosis developed in 1 @entity1 and was treated successfully by anal dilatations using Hegar dilators. A diverting colostomy was not required in any @entity1 , and none of the @entity1 developed @entity3577 . Eleven @entity1 who are now 3 years of age or older have @entity717 with good fecal continence scores. The 14 neonates and @entity1 , who are still too young to be evaluated for continence, have symmetric anal contraction to stimulation and strong squeeze on digital rectal examination. The average number of bowel movements per day was three to five, without the need for any laxative or enema. CONCLUSIONS: Trans- @entity292 ano-recto-plasty is a simple surgical procedure that does not divide the levator muscle or the perineal body. Preservation of these structures contributes significantly toward improvement of the aesthetic appearance of the perineum and of fecal continence.

title: One-stage correction of XXXX by trans- @entity292 anorectoplasty (TFARP).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['voluntary bowel movements']

entities_list: @entity292 :: ('MESH:D005402', 'Disease') :: ['fistula', 'recto-vestibular fistula']

entities_list: @entity3577 :: ('MESH:D056887', 'Disease') :: ['rectal prolapse']

answer: @entity292 :: (MESH:D005402,Disease) :: ['recto-vestibular fistula']


abstract: @entity3885 is generally considered extremely rare with @entity1700 ( @entity1700 ) to the coronary sinus (CS). A retrospective review of 27 operated @entity1 with @entity1700 to CS revealed 6 cases of obstruction (22%). Two of 6 @entity1 who died early had evidence of obstruction at the pulmonary vein confluence at autopsy. Among the 21 hospital survivors, obstruction proximal to the point of CS unroofing developed in 4 (19%), necessitating reoperation and resulting in @entity204 in 3. One other @entity1 died late. Mean follow-up of the 17 long-term survivors, who are generally doing well, is 85 months (range 2 to 212). There have been no cases of late obstruction at the site of unroofing among 10 @entity1 who underwent the fenestration procedure suggested by Van Praagh. The incidence of early @entity1168 (60%) does not appear to be decreased by this procedure. Review of 13 autopsy specimens suggests that if the right and left pulmonary veins did not drain directly to the CS but converged to form a short common vertical vein (4 cases), obstruction was likely. When pulmonary artery pressure approaches systemic levels preoperatively, careful echocardiographic and intraoperative assessment of the junction of the pulmonary vein confluence with the CS should be made. If there is evidence of obstruction, consideration should be given to anastomosing the horizontal right and left pulmonary veins directly to the left atrium rather than performing a simple unroofing procedure.

title: @entity3885 with XXXX to the coronary sinus.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1700 :: ('MESH:D012587', 'Disease') :: ['total anomalous pulmonary venous connection', 'TAPVC']

entities_list: @entity3885 :: ('MESH:D008173', 'Disease') :: ['Obstructed pulmonary venous drainage']

entities_list: @entity1168 :: ('MESH:D001919', 'Disease') :: ['bradyarrhythmias']

answer: @entity1700 :: (MESH:D012587,Disease) :: ['total anomalous pulmonary venous connection']


abstract: Recent studies indicate that in animals with marked @entity1283 , there is depressed function of @entity141 sequestration by myocardial sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) because of down regulation of the @entity141 -ATPase gene. However, in several animal models we have observed enhancement of myocardial @entity141 sequestration in response to chronic cardiac stimulation. We tested the hypothesis that in animals with mild @entity1283 , there is enhanced @entity141 -cycling activity by the SR @entity141 pump and @entity141 -release channel. Because @entity908 kinase activity is consistently decreased in @entity296 , we also determined whether enhanced @entity141 cycling was accompanied by down regulation or inhibition of the @entity908 kinase system. Mild @entity1283 was induced by @entity1284 ; 2% salt was added to the diet of 2-week-old @entity233 poults for 4 weeks. Compared with age-matched controls, @entity1284 resulted in 14.3% increase in heart weight and 21.5% increase in heart-to-body weight ratios. The @entity1184 heart had approximately 20% increased activities of the SR @entity141 pump and the SR @entity141 channel. Net @entity141 transport was increased by 16.5%. Compared with controls and in contrast to several other myocardial enzymes, @entity908 kinase activity was diminished in the @entity1184 hearts by 23% and @entity908 content was decreased by 8%. Differences between groups were not detected for @entity880 dehydrogenase, @entity492 transaminase, and @entity493 transaminase. We concluded that an early adaptation of the myocardium undergoing @entity1184 in compensatory response to functional overload is an enhancement of @entity141 cycling activity by the @entity141 pump and @entity141 channel of the SR.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Effects of mild XXXX , induced by @entity1284 in @entity233 , on myocardial sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium-pump and calcium-channel activities and on the @entity908 kinase system.

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophy', 'hypertrophied']

entities_list: @entity1283 :: ('MESH:D006332', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity908 :: ('MESH:D003401', 'Chemical') :: ['creatine']

entities_list: @entity492 :: ('CHEBI:29995', 'Chemical') :: ['aspartate']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity493 :: ('CHEBI:16449', 'Chemical') :: ['alanine']

entities_list: @entity1284 :: ('MESH:D019190', 'Disease') :: ['volume overload']

answer: @entity1283 :: (MESH:D006332,Disease) :: ['cardiac hypertrophy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Endobronchial ultrasonography (EBUS) is useful in localizing @entity358 . Previous reports have revealed that several characteristic echoic patterns correlate well with the histopathologic findings of benign and malignant lesions. Therefore, EBUS may be also useful in the differential diagnosis of malignant lesions of the lung. OBJECTIVE: To assess the feasibility of EBUS in the differential diagnosis between malignant and benign lesions by the following three characteristic echoic features indicating @entity5 : continuous margin; absence of a linear-discrete air bronchogram; and heterogeneous echogenicity. METHOD: EBUS images from 224 @entity1 who undergone bronchoscopy for a @entity358 were analyzed. The sensitivity and specificity for each echoic feature or in combination in diagnosing @entity5 were determined. RESULT: Continuous margin, absence of linear-discrete air bronchogram, and heterogeneous echogenicity are three echoic features indicating @entity5 . The absence of linear-discrete air bronchogram has the highest sensitivity in the diagnosis of @entity5 (91.9%), but the lowest specificity (62.4%). By contrast, a well-defined margin has the highest specificity (93.1%), but the lowest sensitivity (27.6%). The sensitivity and specificity for heterogeneous echogenicity are intermediate (65.0% and 90.1%, respectively). The negative predictive value for the @entity5 of a lesion with none of these three echoic features is 93.7%. The positive predictive value for @entity5 of a lesion with any two of the three echoic features is 89.2%. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that EBUS is useful as an adjunct in @entity2 diagnosis, especially when @entity358 are not visible in traditional bronchoscopy.

title: Diagnosis of XXXX with three echoic features via endobronchial ultrasound.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy or benignity', 'malignancy']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral lung lesions', 'peripheral lung lesion']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['peripheral lung cancer']


abstract: The responses of serum @entity413 , @entity2690 , and lipids to a @entity413 load were compared in two groups of college-age @entity1 fed two different @entity1735 diets. One group of @entity1 took oral contraceptives (OC) and the other group had never taken OC. Two experimental diets supplied approximately 13% of the calories from protein, 36% from fat, and 51% from @entity1735 . Of the @entity1735 , 84% was either sucrose or @entity3505 starch. Each diet was fed for 4 weeks in a cross-over design. The subjects were given a @entity413 load dose, 1 g/kg of body weight, before and after each dietary period. Serum @entity413 , @entity2690 , and lipids were measured before and 30, 60, 120, and 180 minutes after the load dose. Serum @entity2690 was significantly affected by the type of @entity1735 in the diet (p less than .01). The @entity969 diet generally gave lower @entity2690 levels in response to the @entity413 load. Serum @entity412 levels were significantly higher (p less than .01) in users than nonusers of OC. Serum free @entity1718 and total lipids were not significantly affected by OC use. There was no effect of different @entity3363 on any of the serum lipid parameters. Significant responses from fasting levels were observed for serum @entity413 , @entity2690 , and @entity412 levels (p less than .01).

title: @entity1735 tolerance and serum lipid responses to type of dietary @entity1735 and oral contraceptive use in young XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3363 :: ('MESH:D002241', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrates']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity969 :: ('MESH:D013395', 'Chemical') :: ['sucrose']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity1 and @entity1 with @entity164 1 @entity6 are at increased risk for developing @entity1277 ( @entity1277 ), and these disorders are associated with serious @entity2412 . This study describes the longitudinal course of disturbed eating behavior (DEB) and @entity1277 in a cohort with @entity164 1 @entity6 . RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: A total of 126 @entity1 with @entity164 1 @entity6 receiving care for @entity6 at The Hospital for Sick @entity1 in Toronto participated in a series of seven interview-based assessments of @entity2613 behavior and psychopathology over a 14-year period, beginning in late childhood. Survival analysis was used. RESULTS: Mean age was 11.8    1.5 years at time 1 and 23.7    2.1 years at time 7. At time 7, 32.4% (23/71) met the criteria for a current @entity2613 , and an additional 8.5% (6/71) had a subthreshold @entity2613 . Mean age at @entity2613 onset (full syndrome or below the threshold) was 22.6 years (95% CI 21.6-23.5), and the cumulative probability of onset was 60% by age 25 years. The average time between onset of @entity2613 and subsequent @entity2613 remission was 4.3 years (95% CI 3.1-5.5), and the cumulative probability of remission was 79% by 6 years after onset. The average time between remission of @entity2613 and subsequent recurrence was 6.5 years (95% CI 4.4-8.6), and the cumulative probability of recurrence was 53% by 6 years after remission. CONCLUSIONS: In this longitudinal study, @entity1277 were common and persistent, and new onset of @entity2613 was documented well into adulthood. Further research regarding prevention and treatment for this vulnerable group is urgently needed.

title: @entity1277 in XXXX and @entity1 With Type 1 Diabetes: A Longitudinal Study of Prevalence, Onset, Remission, and Recurrence.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Children', 'girls', 'Girls']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity1277 :: ('MESH:D001068', 'Disease') :: ['EDs', 'eating disorders']

entities_list: @entity2412 :: ('MESH:D048909', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes-related medical complications']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Girls']


abstract: Background AZD3514 is a first-in-class, orally bio-available, androgen-dependent and -independent androgen receptor inhibitor and @entity1984 ( @entity1984 ). Methods In study 1 and 2, @entity263 ( @entity263 ) @entity1 (pts) were initially recruited into a once daily (QD) oral schedule (A). In study 1, pharmacokinetic assessments led to twice daily (BID) dosing (schedule B) to increase exposure. Study 2 explored a once daily schedule. Results In study 1, 49 pts were treated with escalating doses of AZD3514 (A 35 pts, B 14 pts). Starting doses were 100  mg (A) and 1000  mg (B). The AZD3514 formulation was switched from capsules to tablets at 1000  mg QD. 2000  mg BID was considered non-tolerable due to grade (G) 2 @entity137 ( @entity390 [ @entity390 ], @entity391 [ @entity391 ]). No adverse events (AEs) met the dose-limiting @entity137 (DLT) definition. Thirteen pts received AZD3514 in study 2, with starting doses of 250  mg QD. The most frequent drug-related AEs were @entity390 : G1/2 in 55/70 pts (79  %); G3 in 1  pt (1.4  %); _ @entity391 : G1/2 in 34/70 pts (49  %) _ G3 in 1  pt (1.4  %). PSA declines (>= 50  %) were documented in 9/70 @entity1 (13  %). Objective soft tissue responses per RECIST1.1 were observed in 4/24 (17  %) pts in study 1. Conclusion AZD3514 has moderate anti- @entity5 activity in pts with advanced @entity263 but with significant levels of @entity390 and @entity391 . However, anti- @entity5 activity as judged by significant PSA declines, objective responses and durable disease stabilisations, provides the rationale for future development of @entity1984 compounds.

title: AZD3514, an oral selective androgen receptor down-regulator in @entity1 with @entity263 - results of two parallel first-in- XXXX phase I studies.

entities_list: @entity1984 :: ('MESH:D013734', 'Disease') :: ['selective androgen-receptor down-regulator', 'SARD']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['castration-resistant prostate cancer', 'CRPC']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: Cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebral metabolic rate for @entity26 (CMRO2) were measured by a modification of the Kety-Schmidt technique using i.v. xenon-133 in 20 @entity1 undergoing craniotomy for @entity5 . Anaesthesia was induced and maintained with @entity1363 , @entity3575 and @entity3810 . @entity6305 was given for @entity4094 . The lungs were ventilated to normocapnia. The first flow measurements were performed approximately 1 h after induction of anaesthesia. At the end of operation the @entity1 were allocated to two groups. Ten @entity1 were given @entity5757 0.01 mg kg-1 and 5 min later the second flow measurement was performed. In the other 10 @entity1 the second flow measurement was performed before the administration of @entity5757 . Plasma concentrations of @entity1363 were measured at the time of each measurement of CBF. There was no difference between the groups in plasma concentration of @entity1363 , CBF or CMRO2. @entity5757 had no effect on CBF and CMRO2.

title: Effects of @entity5757 on cerebral blood flow and @entity26 consumption after XXXX anaesthesia for craniotomy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4094 :: ('MESH:D009468', 'Disease') :: ['neuromuscular block']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['supratentorial cerebral tumours']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity3810 :: ('MESH:D009609', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrous oxide']

entities_list: @entity5757 :: ('MESH:D005442', 'Chemical') :: ['flumazenil', 'Flumazenil']

entities_list: @entity6305 :: ('MESH:D010197', 'Chemical') :: ['Pancuronium']

entities_list: @entity1363 :: ('MESH:D008874', 'Chemical') :: ['midazolam']

entities_list: @entity3575 :: ('MESH:D005283', 'Chemical') :: ['fentanyl']

answer: @entity1363 :: (MESH:D008874,Chemical) :: ['midazolam']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Analytical morphometric assessment has recently been proposed to improve preoperative risk stratification. However, the relationship between body composition and outcomes following pancreaticoduodenectomy is still unclear. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of body composition on outcomes in @entity1 undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy for @entity5 . METHODS: Body composition parameters including total abdominal muscle area (TAMA) and visceral fat area (VFA) were assessed by preoperative staging CT in @entity1 undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy for @entity5 . Perioperative variables and postoperative outcomes (mortality or postoperative @entity3472 ) were collected prospectively in the institutional pancreatic surgery database. Optimal stratification was used to determine the best cut-off values for anthropometric measures. Multivariable analysis was performed to identify independent predictors of 60-day mortality and @entity3472 . RESULTS: Of 202 included @entity1 , 132 (65  3 per cent) were classified as sarcopenic. There were 12 postoperative deaths (5  9 per cent), major complications developed in 40 @entity1 (19  8 per cent) and @entity3472 in 48 (23  8 per cent). In multivariable analysis, a VFA/TAMA ratio exceeding 3  2 and American Society of Anesthesiologists grade III were the strongest predictors of mortality ( @entity61023 respectively; both P < 0  001). Among @entity1 who developed major complications, survivors had a significantly lower VFA/TAMA ratio than non-survivors (P   =   0  017). VFA was an independent predictor of @entity3472 (optimal cut-off 167   cm(2) : OR 4  05; P   <   0  001). CONCLUSION: @entity6288 is common among @entity1 undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy. The combination of visceral @entity28 and @entity6288 was the best predictor of @entity204 , whereas VFA was an independent predictor of @entity3472 .

title: Effect of @entity6288 and visceral @entity28 on mortality and @entity3472 following pancreatic XXXX surgery.

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity6288 :: ('MESH:D055948', 'Disease') :: ['Sarcopenia', 'sarcopenia']

entities_list: @entity3472 :: ('MESH:D010185', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic fistula']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative death']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: National campaigns focusing on key symptoms of bowel and @entity2 ran in England in 2012, targeting @entity1 and @entity1 over the age of 50 years, from lower socioeconomic groups. METHODS: Data from awareness surveys undertaken with samples of the target audience (n=1245/1140 pre-/post-bowel campaign and n=1412/1246 pre-/post-lung campaign) and Read-code data extracted from a selection general practitioner (GP) practices (n=355 for bowel and n=486 for lung) were analysed by population subgroups. RESULTS: Unprompted symptom awareness: There were no significant differences in the magnitude of shift in @entity21123 vs C2DE groups for either campaign. For the bowel campaign, there was a significantly greater increase in awareness of blood in stools in the age group 75+ years compared with the 55-74 age group, and of looser stools in @entity1 compared with @entity1 . Prompted symptom awareness: Endorsement of 'blood in poo' remained stable, overall and across different population subgroups. @entity1 showed a significantly greater increase in endorsement of 'looser poo' as a definite warning sign of bowel @entity5 than @entity1 . There were no significant differences across subgroups in endorsement of a 3-week cough as a definite warning sign of @entity2 . GP attendances: Overall, there were significant increases in attendances for symptoms directly linked to the campaigns, with the largest percentage increase seen in the 50-59 age group. For the bowel campaign, the increase was significantly greater for @entity1 and for practices in the most-deprived quintile, whereas for lung the increase was significantly greater for practices in the least-deprived quintile. CONCLUSIONS: The national bowel and lung campaigns reached their target audience and have also influenced younger and more affluent groups. Differences in impact within the target audience were also seen. There would seem to be no unduly concerning widening in inequalities, but further analyses of the equality of impact across population subgroups is warranted.

title: The impact of national @entity5 awareness campaigns for bowel and XXXX symptoms on sociodemographic inequalities in immediate key symptom awareness and GP attendances.

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['lung cancer']