abstract: The @entity39294 ( @entity39294 ) is a member of the Peroxiredoxin family, which is overexpressed in many diverse @entity5 types and is an anti-apoptosis protein for @entity5 cell proliferation and survival. Therapeutic strategies targeting the @entity39294 may therefore be effective broad-spectrum anticancer agents. We constructed a phage display single-chain variable fragment ( @entity10390 ) antibody library and sieve out the fully @entity1 , @entity2220 -sepcific monoclonal antibodies. The selection on @entity39294 was performed using above-mentioned @entity2220 -sepcific monoclonal antibodies with high affinity to @entity39294 overexpressing @entity2220 cells. The candidate @entity10390 sequences, based on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) screening data, were chosen for soluble expression, and a 30 kDa band was observed on @entity2975 gel electrophoresis as predicted. The purified antibodies were characterized by immunoblotting and showed high specificity to @entity10166 I-overexpressing @entity2220 cells A549. Radioimmunoimaging was taken to evaluate specificity and distribution of antibodies in vivo. The radiolocalization index (RI) of @entity5 /serum and @entity5 /muscle gradually increased, reaching its peak (4.06 +/- 0.13 and 5.17 +/- 0.97, respectively) at 48 h postadministration. Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging showed the radioactivity was aggregated in @entity5 locations and @entity5 imaging was clearly observed. The internalized @entity10390 resulted in antibody-mediated cell apoptosis and downregulation of @entity39294 expression. These results demonstrate that the @entity10390 possesses strong antitumor activity on @entity2220 and may therefore be an effective therapeutic candidate for the treatment of @entity5 that are dependent on @entity39294 for growth and survival.

title: Production and radioimmunoimaging of novel fully XXXX phage display recombinant antibodies and growth @entity2220 cell line overexpressing @entity39294 .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancers']

entities_list: @entity39294 :: ('5052', 'Gene') :: ['Peroxiredoxin I', 'Prx I']

entities_list: @entity2975 :: ('CHEBI:51135', 'Chemical') :: ['polyacrylamide']

entities_list: @entity2220 :: ('MESH:C538231', 'Disease') :: ['lung adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The effect of @entity1 age on the likelihood of recurrence of @entity1756 after endovascular coil embolization is not well understood. Our aim was to compare the incidence of @entity439 after coiling between young and old @entity1 . METHODS: We performed a retrospective cohort study on @entity1 presenting to our institution with a @entity1756 treated with endovascular coiling. @entity439 was defined as a Modified Raymond Roy Classification (MRRC) grade of 3A or 3B on follow-up angiography performed on first follow-up angiography. @entity1 were dichotomized into young and old @entity1 groups, with @entity1 65 years and older categorized as elderly. The relationship between @entity1 age and the likelihood of @entity439 recurrence was then investigated using multivariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: There were 156 that @entity1 met our inclusion criteria for analysis, 37 (23.7%) of whom were greater than or equal to 65 years of age. Elderly @entity1 were less likely to experience @entity439 recurrence (27.0% vs 42.9%, p = 0.085) or to undergo @entity439 retreatment (18.9% vs 37.0, p = 0.041). On multivariate analysis, after adjusting for smoking status, aneurysmal size, coil-embolization ratio, and MRRC grade at time of treatment, elderly age was independently associated with a reduced risk of @entity439 recurrence (OR 0.33, 95% CI 0.11-0.92, p = 0.034). CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that elderly age may confer a reduced risk of @entity439 after endovascular coiling, providing further evidence that coiling should be considered a first-line therapy in elderly @entity1 with a @entity1756 .

title: Increased Age Associated with Reduced Likelihood of Recurrence after Coiling of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysmal recurrence', 'aneurysm', 'Aneurysm recurrence']

entities_list: @entity1756 :: ('MESH:D017542', 'Disease') :: ['ruptured intracranial aneurysm', 'ruptured aneurysms', 'ruptured aneurysm']

answer: @entity1756 :: (MESH:D017542,Disease) :: ['Ruptured Aneurysms']


abstract: @entity1 who receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy for locally advanced @entity0 and have four or more ipsilateral axillary lymph nodes involved at surgery are at high risk for recurrence, with a median time to relapse of 18 months. We offered such @entity1 high-dose chemotherapy with stem cell rescue. @entity1 received @entity786 or @entity1311 and @entity1261 ( @entity1261 ) to mobilize stem cells. Melphalan 140 mg/m2 was then given with stem cell rescue. Twenty-four to 35 days later, thiotepa 900 mg/m2 was given with stem cell rescue. @entity1 with hormone receptor-positive @entity5 received @entity440 . We treated 14 @entity1 in this fashion from 1995 to 1998. The mean age was 46.7 years. The majority of @entity5 were stage IIIB (79%). Thirteen @entity1 underwent mastectomy after @entity4349 -containing chemotherapy and 50% had more than seven positive lymph nodes. Hospitalization was principally for @entity221 . Other morbidities were @entity55 , @entity296 , and grade 3/4 white blood cell (WBC) @entity137 . No @entity1 died of a treatment-related complication. Seven of 14 relapsed at 10, 12, <15, 15, 17, 21, and 36 months, with median follow-up of 26.5 months. Time to relapse in this small series is only modestly improved over historical experience with standard-dose adjuvant chemotherapy. Alternative strategies for treating locally advanced @entity0 should be pursued.

title: Sequential high-dose alkylating therapy and stem cell support for high-risk XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity1261 :: ('1440', 'Gene') :: ['G-CSF', 'granulocyte colony-stimulating factor']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity440 :: ('MESH:D013629', 'Chemical') :: ['tamoxifen']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity4349 :: ('CHEBI:48120', 'Chemical') :: ['anthracycline']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonitis']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenic fever']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['stage III breast cancer']


abstract: @entity130 in @entity1 can often result in the development of @entity16 . An animal model of @entity1931 is produced by loose ligation of the sciatic nerve in the @entity35 . We have examined the effect of pre-emptive treatment with a number of drugs on the development of @entity1931 in this model. Animals received @entity1338 (1 mg.kg-1, s.c.), @entity1286 (5 mg.kg-1, s.c.), @entity1772 (40 mg.kg-1, s.c.), @entity2049 (50 mg.kg-1, s.c.) or vehicle (4 ml.kg-1, s.c.) 30 min prior to loose ligation or sham-operation. @entity1286 - and @entity1338 -treated animals were administered a second dose of drug 6h following surgery. Twenty-six or twenty-nine days following surgery, the ipsilateral (ipsi.) and contralateral (contra.) paw withdrawal thresholds were determined using an Algesymeter. In vehicle-treated animals the ipsilateral paw withdrawal threshold (118 +/- 7 g) was significantly lower (P < 0.0001, paired t-test) than the contralateral (195 +/- 7 g). In contrast, in animals pre-treated with @entity1338 no significant difference between ipsilateral (200 +/- 9 g) and contralateral (191 +/- 7 g) paw withdrawal thresholds was detected. @entity1286 pre-treatment was less effective in preventing development of @entity1931 ; however, whilst the ipsilateral (146 +/- 18 g) paw withdrawal threshold tended to be lower than the contralateral (183 +/- 8 g), this was not significant.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Pre-emptive administration of @entity1338 prevents development of @entity1931 to mechanical stimuli in a model of mononeuropathy in the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1931 :: ('MESH:D006930', 'Disease') :: ['hyperalgesia', 'neuropathic hyperalgesia']

entities_list: @entity1338 :: ('MESH:D003000', 'Chemical') :: ['clonidine']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine', 'Morphine']

entities_list: @entity2049 :: ('MESH:D002220', 'Chemical') :: ['carbamazepine']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['Traumatic nerve injury']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: @entity1 y   T cells can recognize and kill @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) cells using the Vy9V  2 T-cell receptor and/or @entity3223 . We have established clinical grade large-scale ex vivo expansion of y   T cells from peripheral blood mononuclear cells by culturing with @entity4381 and @entity1199 ( @entity1199 ). A phase I study was conducted to evaluate safety and potential antitumor effects of re-infusing ex vivo expanded y   T cells in @entity1 with recurrent or advanced @entity1149 . @entity1 's peripheral blood mononuclear cells were stimulated with @entity4381 (5  M) and @entity1199 (1000 IU/mL) for 14 days. Harvested cells, mostly y   T cells, were given intravenously every 2 weeks without additional @entity1199 , a total of 6 times. The cumulative number of transferred y   T cells ranged from 2.6 to 45.1 x 10    (median, 15.7 10   ). Fifteen @entity1 underwent adoptive immunotherapy with these y   T cells. There were no severe adverse events related to the therapy. Immunomonitoring data showed that with increasing numbers of infusions, the number of peripheral y   T cells gradually increased. All @entity1 remained alive during the study period with a median survival of 589 days and median progression-free survival of 126 days. According to the Response Evaluation Criteria In @entity5 , there were no objective responses. Six @entity1 had stable disease, whereas the remaining 6 evaluable @entity1 experienced progressive disease 4 weeks after the sixth transfer. We conclude that adoptive transfer of @entity4381 -expanded y   T cells is safe and feasible in @entity1 with @entity1149 , refractory to other treatments.

title: Adoptive immunotherapy for advanced XXXX using @entity4381 -expanded y  Tcells: a phase I clinical study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient', 'Human']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Solid Tumors']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity4381 :: ('MESH:C088658', 'Chemical') :: ['zoledronate']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Management of poor-grade @entity510 is based on limited evidence from small single-center retrospective observational studies. The purpose of this study was to undertake a single-center randomized controlled feasibility trial comparing a strategy of early endovascular @entity439 treatment with treatment after neurologic recovery in this group of @entity1 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity1 with poor-grade @entity510 were randomized within 24 hours of admission to early treatment or treatment after neurologic recovery. If a @entity1 was randomized to early treatment, the @entity439 was treated endovascularly within 24 hours of randomization. Recruitment rate, safety profile, and functional outcome at the time of discharge and at 6 months were assessed. RESULTS: Fourteen of 51 @entity1 screened were eligible for the trial. Of these 14, 8 @entity1 were randomized (57%). All @entity1 in the early coiling arm received treatment within 24 hours of randomization. There was no treatment-related complication. Overall, good outcome occurred in 25% of @entity1 ; the mortality rate was 75%. @entity1 in the early treatment arm (n = 5) had a good outcome rate of 20%, while those in treatment after neurologic recovery arm (n = 3) had a good outcome rate of 33.3%. CONCLUSIONS: This was a feasibility study that demonstrated that recruitment and randomization for comparing management strategies in poor-grade @entity510 are feasible. The recruitment rate among eligible @entity1 was encouraging (57%), though a number of @entity1 had to be excluded due to ineligibility. A multicenter study is necessary to recruit the numbers required to compare the clinical outcomes of these management strategies.

title: Treatment of Poor-Grade XXXX Trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['SAH', 'subarachnoid hemorrhage']

answer: @entity510 :: (MESH:D013345,Disease) :: ['Subarachnoid Hemorrhage']


abstract: @entity1800 may trigger immune complex @entity631 via Toll-like receptors (TLR), as certain TLR trigger immunity upon recognition of viral nucleic acids. On the basis of previous findings regarding viral double-stranded RNA and @entity15905 in experimental @entity1252 , a similar role for @entity6439 that recognizes viral single-stranded RNA was hypothesized. Immunostaining of kidney sections of nephritic MRLlpr/lpr @entity19 revealed @entity6439 expression in infiltrating ER-HR3-positive macrophages and few @entity11805 -positive dendritic cells but not in glomerular mesangial cells as observed for @entity15905 . This finding was consistent with the distribution pattern of intravenously injected single-stranded RNA in nephritic MRLlpr/lpr @entity19 . @entity6439 ligation activated monocytes and dendritic cells, both isolated from MRLlpr/lpr @entity19 , to secrete @entity12419 , IL-12p70, @entity777 , and @entity1750 . In vivo, a single injection of the @entity6439 ligand imiquimod increased serum levels of IL-12p70, @entity12419 , and @entity777 . A course of 25 microg of imiquimod given every other day from week 16 to 18 of age aggravated @entity1988 in MRLlpr/lpr @entity19 . This was associated with increased glomerular immune complex deposits as well as interstitial expression of @entity1750 in imiquimod-treated MRLlpr/lpr @entity19 . Different types of viral nucleic acids seem to modulate systemic @entity792 through specific interactions with their respective TLR. Different TLR expression profiles on immune cell subsets and nonimmune parenchymal cell types determine the molecular mechanisms involved in @entity1800 -associated exacerbation of @entity1988 and possibly other types of immune complex @entity631 .

title: XXXX modulates immune complex @entity631 .

entities_list: @entity1252 :: ('MESH:D008180', 'Disease') :: ['lupus erythematosus']

entities_list: @entity1988 :: ('MESH:D008181', 'Disease') :: ['lupus nephritis']

entities_list: @entity1800 :: ('MESH:D014777', 'Disease') :: ['Viral infections', 'viral infection']

entities_list: @entity631 :: ('MESH:D005921', 'Disease') :: ['glomerulonephritis']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmunity']

answer: @entity6439 :: (170743(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['Toll-like receptor-7']


abstract: Both @entity251 (T) and @entity1176 ( @entity1176 )-antagonist ( @entity1176 -A) when given alone lower serum luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) in intact and castrated @entity35 . However, when graded doses of @entity2609 (T.E.) were given to @entity1176 -A-treated intact male @entity35 , a paradoxical dose-dependent increase in serum FSH occurred; whereas serum LH remained suppressed. This surprising finding led us to ask whether the paradoxical increase in serum FSH in @entity1176 -A-suppressed animals was a direct stimulatory effect of T on the @entity2339 or the result of a T effect on a testicular regulator of FSH. To test these hypotheses, we treated adult male castrated @entity35 with @entity1176 -A and graded doses of T.E. In both intact and castrated rats, serum LH remained undetectable in @entity1176 -A-treated @entity35 with or without T.E. However, addition of T.E. to @entity1176 -A led to a dose-dependent increase in serum FSH in castrated animals as well, thus pointing against mediation by a selective testicular regulator of FSH. These data provide evidence that pituitary LH and FSH responses may be differentially regulated under certain conditions. When the action of @entity1176 is blocked (such as in @entity1176 -A-treated animals), T directly and selectively increases pituitary FSH secretion.

title: XXXX selectively increases serum follicle-stimulating hormonal (FSH) but not luteinizing hormone (LH) in gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist-treated male @entity35 : evidence for differential regulation of LH and FSH secretion.

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity2339 :: ('MESH:D007029', 'Disease') :: ['hypothalamic-pituitary axis']

entities_list: @entity1176 :: ('MESH:D007987', 'Chemical') :: ['gonadotropin-releasing hormone', 'GnRH']

entities_list: @entity2609 :: ('MESH:C004648', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone enanthate']

answer: @entity251 :: (MESH:D013739,Chemical) :: ['Testosterone']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Necropsy studies in @entity468 have suggested the occurrence of a primary @entity299 resembling @entity1121 ( @entity1121 ) in @entity1 . We used two-dimensional echocardiography to define morphological and functional features of @entity1121 during life in 46 @entity468 evaluated in a subspecialty veterinary clinic. @entity468 were 8 months to 14 years old (mean, 6 years). METHODS AND RESULTS: During the follow-up period of as long as 49 months, 18 @entity468 died (or were euthanatized) due to @entity712 , peripheral embolization, or both, and 3 other @entity468 experienced out-of-hospital sudden, unexpected @entity204 . Echocardiography showed a small left ventricular cavity, associated with a variety of patterns of @entity1184 . Wall thickening was most often diffuse (involving ventricular septum and free wall) in 31 @entity468 (67%) and segmental in 15 (33%), including 12 with thickening confined to anterior septum; wall thickening was judged to be asymmetrical in 42 and symmetrical (concentric) in 4. In 30 @entity468 (65%), marked mitral valve systolic anterior motion produced @entity3885 to left ventricular outflow (Doppler estimated gradients, 25 to 110 mm Hg). Compared with survivors, @entity468 with @entity1121 that died with @entity712 had greater left ventricular thickness (8.1 +/- 1.5 versus 7.3 +/- 0.9 mm; P < .05) and larger left atria (20.1 +/- 4.6 versus 16.8 +/- 3.4 mm; P = .01) and more often had the nonobstructive form (89% versus 48%; P < .01). CONCLUSIONS: A spontaneously occurring disease of @entity468 was identified by echocardiography and was similar in its phenotypic expression to @entity1121 in @entity1 ; it was characterized by unexplained left @entity123 in a variety of patterns with or without evidence of outflow obstruction. Unfavorable prognosis was associated with greater magnitude of @entity1184 and absence of outflow obstruction. Feline @entity1121 may prove to be a valuable animal model of the @entity1 disease.

title: Echocardiographic assessment of spontaneously occurring feline XXXX . An animal model of @entity1 disease.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure', 'heart failure']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity3885 :: ('MESH:D008173', 'Disease') :: ['dynamic obstruction']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac disease']

entities_list: @entity123 :: ('MESH:D024741', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity468 :: ('9685', 'Species') :: ['domestic cats', 'Cats', 'cats']

entities_list: @entity1121 :: ('MESH:D002312', 'Disease') :: ['HCM', 'hypertrophic cardiomyopathy']

answer: @entity1121 :: (MESH:D002312,Disease) :: ['hypertrophic cardiomyopathy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The immune non-recognition is often the underlying cause of failure in @entity5 immunotherapeutic. This is because most @entity5 -related antigens are poorly immunogenic, and fail to arouse an efficient immune response against @entity5 . Here we synthesized a novel @entity6439 agonist, and developed a safe and effective immunotherapeutic vaccine by conjugating this @entity6439 agonist with the pluripotency antigen @entity11824 . METHODS: Purified recombinant @entity11824 protein was covalently linked with a novel @entity6439 agonist to form a @entity6439 - @entity11824 conjugate (T7- @entity11824 ). After conjugation, the in vitro release of IL-12 and IFN-y was observed in spleen lymphocytes. @entity19 were immunized with @entity6439 - @entity11824 , and the release of IFN-y, the percentages of CD3+/CD8+ T cells and the @entity11824 -specific @entity137 rates were measured. The immunized @entity19 were challenged with @entity19 @entity189 ( @entity189 ), and the @entity5 volume and @entity5 weight were determined. Blood routine examination was performed to evaluate the biosafety of @entity6439 agonist and @entity6439 - @entity11824 conjugate in @entity19 . RESULTS: T7- @entity11824 conjugate significantly increased the in vitro release of IL-12 and IFN-y by @entity19 spleen lymphocytes. In addition, the release of IFN-y, the percentages of CD3+/CD8+ T cells and the @entity5 -specific @entity137 rates in immunized @entity19 were significantly higher. Importantly, in @entity189 xenografted @entity19 , immunization with T7- @entity11824 conjugate decreased the growth of the @entity5 dramatically up to 90  %, as compared to @entity19 immunized with @entity11824 protein or @entity6439 agonist alone. Furthermore, blood routine examination demonstrated that no @entity1503 and components in the blood fluids were detected by T7- @entity11824 and @entity6439 agonist injections. CONCLUSIONS: Our results showed that conjugating @entity11824 protein to the novel @entity6439 agonist produced a vaccine which is effective and safe in preventing @entity5 growth in @entity19 . Our results suggest that this type of vaccine formulation has great potentiality in preventive vaccines against @entity11824 expressing @entity5 .

title: A conjugate of @entity6439 agonist prevents the growth and metastasis of testis XXXX .

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors', 'cancers']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['embryonic carcinoma', 'EC']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['abnormalities of the blood cells']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['embryonic carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Early stage @entity189 are usually cured by radiation therapy despite the use of portals that exclude the cervical lymph nodes. We investigated whether the lymphatic vessel density (LVD) of @entity189 differs from that of other @entity135 . @entity1 AND METHODS: Deparaffinized tissue from @entity5 of 60 @entity1 diagnosed with @entity213 ( @entity213 ) were immunostained for @entity14600 , a novel lymphatic vessel marker. Twenty-two had @entity189 . @entity5 blood vessel density (BVD) was assessed using immunostaining for @entity2279 . RESULTS: @entity5 overall LVD, including both intra- and peritumoral lymph vessels, was 10-fold lower than the BVD (5 counts/ @entity202 vs. 52 mm(-2), respectively). A high LVD was associated with a high BVD (P = .002), but neither was associated with the @entity5 size. Both @entity5 LVD and BVD were @entity189 than in HNSCCs arising at other sites (median, 0 vs. 7 mm(-2), P=.016; and median, 36 vs. 52 mm(-2), P = .006, respectively). Only one @entity189 was associated with a regional metastasis at the time of the diagnosis. Among the rest of the cases @entity5 size was a better predictor for the presence of regional metastases than @entity5 BVD or LVD in a logistic regression model (odds ratio 2.2, 95% CI 1.1-4.5). CONCLUSION: Vocal @entity189 have a low lymph vessel density as compared with HNSCCs arising at other sites.

title: Lymphatic vessel density in @entity189 assessed with XXXX receptor expression.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['vocal cord carcinomas', 'vocal cord carcinoma', 'lower in vocal cord carcinomas', 'cord carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity213 :: ('MESH:C535575', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck squamous cell carcinoma', 'HNSCC']

answer: @entity14600 :: (10894,Gene) :: ['LYVE-1']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We studied for the purpose of revealing the long-term prognosis of the surgical treatment for pathological @entity5 . METHOD: Two hundred fifty-four @entity1 with pathological @entity5 who underwent surgical procedures in our hospital from 1981 to 2000 were investigated retrospectively. RESULTS: The 5- and 10-year survival rates of 144 @entity1 with stage IIIA disease were 35 and 25%, while those of 110 @entity1 with IIIB disease were 30 and 16%. The 5- and 10-year survival rates were 40 and 27% for 52 @entity1 with T1N2 disease, 33 and 23% for 70 @entity1 with T2N2 disease, 34 and 0% for 9 @entity1 with T3N1 disease, and 33 and 26% for 13 @entity1 with T3N2 disease, respectively. In the @entity1 with IIIB disease, the 5- and 10-year survival rates of 56 @entity1 only with pml were 47 and 26%, those of the other @entity1 were 9 and 0%. There is significant difference among them (p < 0.0001). In 54 @entity1 with IIIB disease in addition to @entity25271 , the 5-year survival rates of 19 @entity1 with exploration only and the other @entity1 were 7 and 14%, respectively. There were no 10-year survivors in both groups. CONCLUSION: The long-term prognosis of pathological @entity5 was still not satisfactory. Therefore, we should make efforts to get a sufficient informed-consent before the surgery for the @entity1 with @entity5 .

title: [Long-term prognosis after surgery for pathological XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['stage III disease', 'stage III lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['stage III lung cancer']


abstract: Brailowsky and Garcia (1999) proposed the existence of a relationship between @entity302 and addiction. To prove this hypothesis, pentylenetetrazol kindled @entity35 were tested in the conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigm for their reaction to various addictive drugs with different modes of action ( @entity1286 , @entity2072 and @entity1068 ). In separate experiments, locomotor activity and body temperature after application of the same drugs were tested in kindled and non-kindled @entity35 . In the CPP experiment there were significant differences between both groups of @entity35 . Non-kindled animals showed place preference to @entity1286 (5.0 mg/kg) or @entity2072 (20.0 mg/kg). This reaction was abolished in the kindled @entity35 . Moreover, control @entity35 demonstrated aversion to 2.0 g/kg @entity1068 . However, @entity1068 aversion was not detectable in kindled @entity35 . Moreover, there was no difference between non-kindled and kindled @entity35 in locomotor activity and body temperature after @entity1286 (1.0 and 5.0 mg/kg), @entity2072 (10.0 and 20.0 mg/kg), or @entity1068 (0.5 and 2.0 g/kg) application. This suggests alterations in reward systems as a consequence of kindling. It is hypothesised that GABAergic neurones in the ventral tegmental area might play a major role in the alterations found.

title: Kindling modifies XXXX , @entity2072 and @entity1068 place preference.

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine']

answer: @entity1286 :: (MESH:D009020,Chemical) :: ['morphine']


abstract: @entity1125 ( @entity1125 ) is the second most common primary @entity5 after @entity96 . At the time of diagnosis, most @entity1125 are at an advanced stage and are unresectable. There is presently no effective curative treatment of the advanced disease nor is there any effective clinical therapy that will prevent the development of @entity1125 . All of these factors render @entity1086 nearly incurable with a poor survival rate. The aim of our study was to provide a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in the development of @entity1086 as the advancement of more effective treatment options would significantly improve prognosis. In the present study, we examined the effect of @entity4562 , a selective @entity12841 / @entity669 kinase inhibitor ( @entity12841 /TKI), on the development of @entity1086 in BK5. @entity7171 @entity19 . In addition, we examined the effect of another @entity59218 derivative, @entity59219 , which is able to block the activation of both the @entity12841 and @entity7171 , in this model. Animals were treated with either 400 ppm @entity4562 or 200 ppm @entity59219 as a supplement in the diet using either a chemopreventive or therapeutic protocol. The results show that both compounds were potent chemopreventive and therapeutic agents in this @entity19 model of @entity1 @entity1125 . The results also suggest that activation of the @entity12841 plays an important role in development of @entity1125 in this model and that targeting both the @entity12841 and @entity7171 may be an effective strategy for treatment of this disease.

title: Chemopreventive and therapeutic efficacy of orally active XXXX kinase inhibitors in a transgenic @entity19 model of @entity1086 .

entities_list: @entity59218 :: ('CHEBI:36621', 'Chemical') :: ['quinazoline']

entities_list: @entity4562 :: ('MESH:C419708', 'Chemical') :: ['gefitinib']

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['hepatocellular cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['hepatobiliary cancer']

entities_list: @entity12841 :: ('13649(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['EGFR', 'epidermal growth factor receptor']

entities_list: @entity1086 :: ('MESH:D005706', 'Disease') :: ['gallbladder cancer', 'gallbladder carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

entities_list: @entity1125 :: ('MESH:D001661', 'Disease') :: ['BTC', 'Biliary tract cancer']

answer: @entity669 :: (CHEBI:18186,Chemical) :: ['tyrosine']


abstract: The purpose of this thesis was to study an @entity74 , in @entity1 with @entity1348 ( @entity1348 ) dysfunction. The importance of @entity14884 for @entity1348 dysfunction compared with other supposed etiological factors, such as @entity89 , was analysed in @entity1348 @entity1 and in non- @entity1 groups. Collagen distribution and mitral valve function were investigated in hypermobile @entity1348 @entity1 and normal controls. General joint mobility was assessed in 360 @entity1 . Comparing 74 female @entity11158 ( @entity11158 ) @entity1 with 73 controls of the same sex and age, more hypermobile individuals were found in the @entity1 group. @entity1 with @entity1348 dysfunction had significantly more hypermobile joints than other @entity1 at a clinic for @entity11158 @entity1 . A multiple stepwise regression analysis established that @entity8018 was a more important factor than bruxing for @entity1348 dysfunction. @entity130 to the head and jaw was significantly correlated to @entity1348 dysfunction only in non-hypermobile @entity1 . @entity1348 @entity1 @entity85 than other @entity11158 @entity1 or controls. A non- @entity1 investigation comprising about 200 adolescents showed the females to be significantly more hypermobile than the males. Another indication of a systemic disposition in hypermobile @entity1348 @entity1 compared with controls was more insufficient mitral valve function in an echocardiographic investigation of 10 hypermobile @entity1348 @entity1 and 10 normal controls. Skin biopsy revealed lower values of total collagen and a higher ratio of collagen type III to III + I in @entity1348 @entity1 than in normal controls.

title: @entity1348 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity89 :: ('MESH:D007571', 'Disease') :: ['bruxism and jaw trauma']

entities_list: @entity14884 :: ('MESH:D007593', 'Disease') :: ['systemic joint laxity']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['inherited disposition, systemic joint laxity']

entities_list: @entity11158 :: ('MESH:D017271', 'Disease') :: ['CMD', 'craniomandibular dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['had significantly more musculoskeletal complaints']

entities_list: @entity8018 :: ('MESH:C536196', 'Disease') :: ['hypermobility']

entities_list: @entity1348 :: ('MESH:D013706', 'Disease') :: ['TMJ', 'temporomandibular joint']

answer: @entity14884 :: (MESH:D007593,Disease) :: ['systemic joint laxity']


abstract: Decision-making about inhaler use is, in part, determined by the ability of @entity748 @entity1 to compare their symptoms over time and to recall the previous response to the bronchodilator during an episode of @entity565 . The perception of airway symptoms across varied ethnic and cultural groups are poorly understood. Study purpose was (1) to determine if African Americans and Whites with mild @entity565 could accurately perceive bronchodilation and (2) to identify the word descriptors they used to describe their breathing. Sixteen African American and 16 White @entity1 (34.5 +/- 9.7 years old, mean+/-SD) with mild @entity12131 (FEV1 > or =70% predicted normal) were given increasing doses of an inhaled bronchodilator ( @entity3045 ) after a @entity2710 challenge. @entity3045 (180 microg) was given, by spacer, at 15 min intervals until the FEV1 increased < 5%. Borg, VAS, and Word Descriptors were collected at baseline and after each dose of @entity3045 . Baseline FEV1 after @entity2710 provocation was 1.94 +/- .39 L for African Americans and 2.13 +/- .70 L for Whites. After 180 microg and again after 360 microg @entity3045 , FEV1 increased to 2.88 +/- 0.48 L for African Americans and 3.37 +/- 0.91 L for Whites. But after 540 microg @entity3045 , FEV1 decreased significantly (16%) to 2.42 +/- 1.19 L for African Americans while increasing only slightly to 3.47 +/- 0.95 L for Whites. After this dose, 10/16 African Americans felt "tight at the base of throat" (p < 0.01); 7/16 felt "speech-voice-tight" (p < 0.03) suggesting persistent airway discomfort despite marked improvement in FEV1, Borg and VAS scores compared with baseline values. Word descriptors by African Americans' are a more reliable measure of airway symptoms compared to FEV1, Borg or VAS.

title: Adrenergic responsiveness: FEV1 and symptom differences in Whites and African Americans with mild XXXX .

entities_list: @entity748 :: ('MESH:D013224', 'Disease') :: ['asthmatic']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity12131 :: ('MESH:C565292', 'Disease') :: ['atopic asthma']

entities_list: @entity3045 :: ('MESH:D000420', 'Chemical') :: ['Albuterol']

entities_list: @entity2710 :: ('MESH:D016210', 'Chemical') :: ['methacholine', 'Methacholine']

answer: @entity565 :: (MESH:D001249,Disease) :: ['asthma']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Sunlight's UV B component, a known cellular immunosupressant, carcinogen, and activator of @entity1800 , is generally seasonally available. Venereal @entity1082 ) transmission, at least in part, causes @entity5 . We have previously inspected the monthly rates of @entity1083 and sunlight fluency in Southern Holland over 16 consecutive years. Both peak in August with at least 2-fold seasonality. The amount of available sunlight and the rate of Papanicolaou (Pap) smear screen-detected HPV are positively correlated. We now investigate whether premalignant and malignant cervical epithelial changes are also seasonal and related to seasonal sunlight fluency. METHODS: We have studied >900,000 consecutive, serially independent, interpretable screening Pap smears obtained by a single @entity5 screening laboratory in Leiden, Holland, during a continuous 16-year span from 1983 through 1998. The average monthly rates of premalignant and malignant epithelial change were inspected and the annual patterns contrasted to the annual pattern of sunlight fluency at this global location and to monthly average @entity1083 rate. Because HPV is venereally transmitted, Dutch seasonal sexual behavior was evaluated by assessment of the annual pattern of Dutch conception frequency as a competing cause for @entity5 seasonality. RESULTS: (a) Twice as many premalignant and malignant epithelial changes were found among Pap smears obtained in the summer months, with an August peak concurrent with histopathologic evidence of @entity1083 and sunlight fluency in Southern Holland. (b) Monthly sunlight fluency is correlated positively with both the monthly rates of Pap smear-detected cervical @entity5115 and @entity3909 histopathology, as well as HPV. (c) Conception frequency, in this location, peaks in Spring not summer, and has a 4.8% annual amplitude. CONCLUSIONS: (a) Cervical @entity1083 and HPV-induced cervical @entity5115 and @entity3909 change may each be novel sun exposure risks and thereby behaviorably avoidable. (b) Because screening Pap smears uncover many abnormalities that resolve spontaneously (false positives), these data may argue for screening and follow-up Pap smear examinations in seasons other than summer in the Northern Hemisphere, to diminish the false-positive smear rate. Global data are available to confirm and further test each of these conclusions.

title: Season, sun, sex, and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5115 :: ('MESH:C567703', 'Disease') :: ['epithelial dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cervical cancer']

entities_list: @entity1083 :: ('MESH:D030361', 'Disease') :: ['venereal HPV infection', 'HPV infection', 'epithelial HPV infection']

entities_list: @entity3909 :: ('MESH:D055756', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomatous']

entities_list: @entity1800 :: ('MESH:D014777', 'Disease') :: ['viral infections']

entities_list: @entity1082 :: ('10566', 'Species') :: ['human papillomavirus (HPV']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cervical cancer']


abstract: Interstitial fluid pressure (Pif) was measured in skin of @entity4485 -anesthetized @entity35 during anaphylaxis toward dextran and after subdermal injection of @entity112 by using sharpened glass capillaries (tip diam 5-7 microns) connected to a servo-controlled counterpressure system. Control Pif averaged -1.5 mmHg (SD = 1.0). After intravenous dextran Pif in the @entity35 paw fell transiently to -3 mmHg up to 20 min and thereafter increased to +1-2 mmHg when @entity4 had developed. To study the full magnitude of the increased negativity of Pif, circulatory arrest was induced 1 min after dextran injection. This procedure prevents accumulation of @entity4 that will cause underestimation of Pif. In this group Pif fell to about -10 mmHg in 20 min and remained at this level throughout the observation period of 90 min. Subdermal injection of 1-10 micrograms @entity112 in 10 microliters saline reduced Pif to about -6 mmHg within 5 min after injection. Injection of 10 microliters saline increased Pif by +2 mmHg. @entity3352 or @entity7782 did not alter the response in the above situations. The increased negativity in Pif of about 6-8 mmHg will add directly to normal transcapillary net filtration pressure of 0.5 mmHg and increase the latter pressure 10-20 times.

title: Increased negativity of interstitial fluid pressure during the onset stage of inflammatory XXXX in @entity35 skin.

entities_list: @entity4485 :: ('MESH:D010424', 'Chemical') :: ['pentobarbital']

entities_list: @entity7782 :: ('MESH:D003533', 'Chemical') :: ['cyproheptadine']

entities_list: @entity112 :: ('MESH:D006632', 'Chemical') :: ['histamine']

entities_list: @entity3352 :: ('MESH:D007213', 'Chemical') :: ['Indomethacin']

answer: @entity4 :: (MESH:D004487,Disease) :: ['edema']


abstract: The impact of @entity101 on left ventricular (LV) structure, pump function, and @entity712 in Dahl salt-sensitive @entity35 is poorly characterized but hypothesized to yield insights into the pathophysiology of @entity712 with normal or preserved ejection fraction. Eighty Dahl salt-sensitive @entity35 were fed either a @entity1702 ( @entity1702 ) or low-salt (LS, controls) diet starting at age 7 weeks. Ventricular properties were measured by echocardiography, hemodynamics and end-systolic and @entity551 -volume relationships (ESPVR and EDPVR, respectively). Compared with LS controls, @entity1702 @entity35 developed severe @entity101 and @entity4346 . At week 12, @entity1702 @entity35 developed passive @entity67 (leftward/upward shifted EDPVR, increased chamber stiffness) with reductions in end-diastolic volume. However, the ESPVR also shifted upward (enhanced end-systolic function) so that overall pump function was enhanced compared with LS, and there was no change in @entity551 ( @entity551 ). At 16 and 20 weeks, @entity1702 hearts enlarged so that end-diastolic volumes and EDPVRs became similar to the respective age-matched LS controls. Concomitantly, the ESPVRs and overall pump function curves also moved toward controls, and ejection fraction declined. Despite normal or enhanced overall pump function at these times, @entity551 and wet lung weight increased, indicative of development of @entity712 . In the Dahl salt-sensitive @entity35 , which pathophysiologically retains salt and water, the development of @entity712 (increased @entity551 and wet lung weight) is dissociated from changes in passive diastolic and active systolic properties. These observations suggest that a @entity1284 sate plays an important pathophysiological role in development of @entity712 despite preserved overall ventricular pump function in this model of chronic @entity101 .

title: Development of @entity712 in chronic @entity101 Dahl @entity35 : focus on XXXX with preserved ejection fraction.

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity4346 :: ('MESH:D017379', 'Disease') :: ['LV hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['diastolic dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['end-diastolic pressure', 'EDP']

entities_list: @entity1284 :: ('MESH:D019190', 'Disease') :: ['volume overload']

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['heart failure']


abstract: The amount of the mitochondrial glutaminase present within @entity35 kidney is increased 5-fold during chronic @entity520 . This adaptive response is due to a corresponding increase in the relative rate of glutaminase synthesis. @entity12564 RNA was purified from the kidneys of control, 7-day acidotic, and 2-day recovered @entity35 and then fractionated by electrophoresis on a low melting temperature agarose gel. Translation of the fractionated RNA in a @entity95 reticulocyte lysate yields a 72,000-dalton protein that is specifically precipitated by anti-glutaminase IgG. The level of this protein is at least 3-fold greater in the translation products of the fractionated @entity12564 RNA derived from the acidotic vs. control or recovered @entity35 . Therefore, the 72,000-dalton product of translation is the apparent precursor to the 68,000- and 65,000-dalton proteins that are contained in the mitochondrial glutaminase. From its relative electrophoretic mobility, the size of the glutaminase mRNA was estimated to be approximately 6.5 kilobases. The relative levels of translatable glutaminase mRNA were determined by using unfractionated poly(A+) RNA prepared from @entity35 at various times following onset and recovery from acidosis. The observed increase occurred gradually, requiring 7 days to reach a maximal induction of 4.2-fold. The increase could be due to the increased transcription of a stable mRNA (t1/2 approximately 3 days). However, 2 days of recovery was sufficient to return the level of translatable glutaminase mRNA to normal. Thus, the selective inactivation or the altered stability of the glutaminase mRNA must also contribute to the regulation of the glutaminase gene expression.

title: Changes in the levels of translatable glutaminase mRNA during onset and recovery from XXXX .

entities_list: @entity520 :: ('MESH:D000138', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic acidosis']

answer: @entity520 :: (MESH:D000138,Disease) :: ['metabolic acidosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Agitated @entity933 is frequent following acute @entity1545 , but data are limited in @entity1 with @entity510 ( @entity510 ). We examined incidence, risk factors, and consequences of @entity2146 in these @entity1 in a single-center retrospective study. METHODS: We identified all @entity1 treated with antipsychotics or @entity6948 from a prospective observational cohort of @entity1 with spontaneous @entity510 . Agitation was confirmed by chart review. Outcomes were assessed at 12  months using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS), Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status (TICS), and Lawton IADL (Instrumental Activities of Daily Living) scores. Independent predictors were identified using logistic regression. RESULTS: From 309 @entity510 @entity1 admitted between January 2011 and December 2015, 52 (17  %) developed @entity2146 , frequently in the first 72  h (50  %) and in @entity1 with Hunt-Hess grades 3-4 (12  % of grades 1-2, 28  % of grades 3-4, 8  % of grade 5). There was also a significant association between @entity2146 and a history of @entity2072 use or prior @entity146 diagnosis. Agitated @entity1 were more likely to develop multiple hospital complications; and in half of these @entity1 , complications were diagnosed within 24  h of @entity2146 onset. Agitation was associated with @entity73 at 12  months (Lawton >8; p  =  0.03, OR 2.7, 95  % CI, 1.1-6.8) in @entity772 @entity1 (Hunt-Hess 1-4), but not with functional outcome (mRS >3), @entity73 (TICS <= 30), or ICU/hospital length of stay after controlling for other predictors. CONCLUSION: Agitation occurs frequently after @entity510 , especially in @entity772 @entity1 with higher clinical grades. It is associated with the development of multiple hospital complications and may have an independent impact on long-term outcomes.

title: Agitation After XXXX : A Frequent Omen of Hospital Complications Associated with Worse Outcomes.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1545 :: ('MESH:D020214', 'Disease') :: ['brain injury']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['SAH', 'subarachnoid hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment', 'IADL impairment']

entities_list: @entity772 :: ('MESH:D003128', 'Disease') :: ['non-comatose']

entities_list: @entity2146 :: ('MESH:D011595', 'Disease') :: ['agitation']

entities_list: @entity933 :: ('MESH:D003693', 'Disease') :: ['delirium']

entities_list: @entity6948 :: ('MESH:D020927', 'Chemical') :: ['dexmedetomidine']

answer: @entity510 :: (MESH:D013345,Disease) :: ['Subarachnoid Hemorrhage']


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective review. OBJECTIVES: To determine clinical and radiographic outcomes of thoracolumbar and lumbar @entity174 without @entity16 treated by closed reduction and casting. @entity1 factors associated with poor outcome are identified. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: The results of ambulatory bracing, surgery, and prolonged recumbency for @entity174 have been reported. There are no reports of results of closed reduction and casting. METHODS: Retrospective review of 41 neurologically intact @entity1 with thoracolumbar and lumbar @entity174 was performed. Four @entity1 with @entity16 who refused surgery were included, for a total of 45 @entity1 . All @entity1 had closed reduction and casting. Functional, @entity158 , and employment status were assessed using the Denis system. Neurologic function was graded using the Frankel scale. Radiographic evaluation of @entity1513 , regional kyphosis, anterior body compression, and sagittal index were performed at time of injury, postreduction, 4 months, and final follow-up. RESULTS: Sixty-four percent of @entity1 had minimal or no @entity158 . Eight percent had constant, severe @entity158 . At time of injury, 71% of @entity1 were employed. At 8-month follow-up, 58% of @entity1 were employed. Closed reduction resulted in significant correction of vertebral wedging from a mean of 15 degrees to 5 degrees. @entity85 tended to recur by 4 months, but the degree of @entity85 appears to be less than that reported in other series. No complications resulted from the @entity174 reduction procedure. CONCLUSIONS: Closed reduction and casting of thoracolumbar and lumbar @entity174 is a safe treatment method that yields acceptable functional and radiographic results.

title: Functional and radiographic outcome of thoracolumbar and lumbar XXXX managed by closed orthopaedic reduction and casting.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture', 'burst fractures']

entities_list: @entity1513 :: ('MESH:D007738', 'Disease') :: ['vertebral kyphosis']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurologic injury']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['residual deformity', 'Deformity']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['burst fractures']


abstract: Unilateral diaphragmatic @entity912 and eventration have the same appearance and provoke the same disturbances. Diaphragmatic plication is intended to decrease lung compression, to make the thoracic base and mediastinum more stable, and to strengthen the respiratory action of intercostal, perithoracic, and abdominal muscles: 13 @entity1 and @entity1 were operated upon, 7 in @entity1576 and ventilator-dependent, 4 in chronic @entity1576 ; 11 adults were operated upon, 8 with respiratory and 3 with digestive symptoms. Four @entity1 who had been operated upon before the 10th day of life died: 3 from associated diseases and 1 from a @entity358 . The 9 survivors have been followed up for a mean period of 6.6 years. All were asymptomatic and the position of the plicated diaphragm was maintained. The 11 adults have been followed up for a mean period of 8.5 years. Nine were asymptomatic; in 1, @entity1353 had decreased; in 1, reflux persisted and was surgically cured. In 5 adults, the respiratory tests showed a mean amelioration of 20% of vital capacity and 15% of forced expiratory volume in 1 s. In @entity1 , the prognosis depends on associated @entity600 and on the condition of the lung. Plication should be performed after 2 weeks on a ventilator. In older @entity1 and adults, plication is justified when the anomaly produces symptoms ( @entity5 excluded). Plication is simple, efficient, and durable, but there is no indication of subsequent diaphragmatic function: its effects on respiratory mechanics are probably indirect.

title: Plication of the diaphragm for unilateral eventration or XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['malformations']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['lung infection']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory failure', 'acute respiratory failure']

entities_list: @entity912 :: ('MESH:D010243', 'Disease') :: ['paralysis']

answer: @entity912 :: (MESH:D010243,Disease) :: ['paralysis']


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective review of long-term outcome of fusion in situ for @entity154 with particular emphasis on cosmesis and the incidence of reoperation. OBJECTIVE: Examination of the success rate of this procedure and of risk factors for failure. BACKGROUND: Fusion in situ is the accepted prophylactic treatment to prevent @entity853 that have a high risk of progression or have been shown to be deteriorating. METHODS: Records of @entity1 who were at least 15 years of age at last examination were reviewed retrospectively. Consideration was given to cosmetic outcome and to the incidence of reoperation. RESULTS: There were 43 @entity1 in this category, 19 @entity1 and 24 @entity1 , who were at least 15 years of age when last seen. Reoperation had been performed in 11 cases (25.6%). The main finding was that, although the Cobb angle of the fused segment of spine remained constant after fusion, a curve sometimes developed in the whole spine, sometimes (but by no means always) centered on that fused segment. @entity85 continued to progress in a number of cases. CONCLUSIONS: Localized fusion, whether posterior alone or anterior and posterior combined, was effective in preventing progression of the Cobb angle of the congenitally malformed area but did not control the @entity85 that developed or progressed with growth. Current concepts of the pathomechanism of deformity do not adequately explain the observations, and a more biologic approach is suggested.

title: Long-term results from in situ fusion for congenital XXXX .

entities_list: @entity853 :: ('MESH:D009139', 'Disease') :: ['deformity in congenital vertebral anomalies']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['congenital vertebral anomaly']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'girls', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['Cosmetic deformity', 'overall deformity']

answer: @entity85 :: (MESH:D009140,Disease) :: ['vertebral deformity']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To estimate the effectiveness of ultrasonophoresis and iontophoresis with @entity3522 used in addition to an exercise program for @entity1 with @entity5818 . DESIGN: Multicentre, double-blind, placebo randomized controlled trial. SETTING: "Mancha Centro" Outpatient primary care clinic (Spain). @entity1 : A total of 175 @entity1 were considered, of whom 88 met criteria and agreed. INTERVENTION: The @entity1 were randomly assigned to one of three groups: a) standard treatment (supervised exercises and cryotherapy) along with placebo iontophoresis and placebo ultrasonophoresis; b) standard treatment, iontophoresis, and placebo ultrasonophoresis; and c) standard treatment, ultrasonophoresis, and placebo iontophoresis. All @entity1 received 15 treatment sessions. OUTCOME MEASURES: Baseline, 6-, and 12-week evaluations were carried out. Functionality, @entity158 , range of motion, strength and quality of life were assessed with the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand Questionnaire (DASH), Constant-Murley score, and SF-36 scale. RESULTS: Ultrasonophoresis group experienced significant decreases in @entity158 compared to the standard treatment group (12.7 and 13.5 points in " @entity158 " dimension of SF-36; and 1,5 and 2,2 points in " @entity158 " dimension of Constant Murley after 6 and 12 weeks of therapy, respectively). They also reported improved range of motion compared to the exercises group (2,1 points in Constant-Murley after 6 weeks and 12 weeks), better vitality and overall health (SF-36 dimensions). Iontophoresis, however, led to no significant improvements when added to the standard treatment. CONCLUSION: In @entity1 with @entity5818 , a combination of ultrasonophoresis and an exercise program are better than a combination of iontophoresis and the same exercise program or the exercise program alone.

title: Comparative effectiveness of ultrasonophoresis and iontophoresis in XXXX : A double-blind, randomized, placebo controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity5818 :: ('MESH:D019534', 'Disease') :: ['impingement syndrome']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'bodily pain']

entities_list: @entity3522 :: ('MESH:D004008', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium diclofenac']

answer: @entity5818 :: (MESH:D019534,Disease) :: ['impingement syndrome']


abstract: Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) is a well-established treatment modality for @entity454 . @entity4036 is not uncommon in @entity1 on CAPD. Two factors are responsible for the occurrence of these @entity547 : anatomically weak sites and increased intraperitoneal pressure by the dialysate. @entity4036 was reviewed in 44 @entity1 on CAPD from 1987 through 1991. Eight @entity4036 (5 inguinal, 2 incisional and 1 umbilical) were found during CAPD treatment (18.18%). Surgical treatment was applied in 6 symptomatic @entity547 (5 inguinal and 1 incisional). After surgery, 5 @entity1 returned to CAPD without recurrence and the remaining one died of strangulated incisional @entity547 . Our series shows that: (1) a detailed examination of the preexisting @entity547 and repair prior to CAPD treatment are suggested. (2) symptomatic @entity4036 should be evaluated carefully and treated promptly. (3) awareness of the complication of these @entity547 can reduce the morbidity and mortality.

title: XXXX complicating continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4036 :: ('MESH:D046449', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal hernias', 'abdominal wall hernia', 'Abdominal wall hernia']

entities_list: @entity547 :: ('MESH:D006547', 'Disease') :: ['hernia', 'hernias']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage renal disease']

answer: @entity4036 :: (MESH:D046449,Disease) :: ['Abdominal wall hernia']


abstract: @entity855 -binding cassette (ABC) transporters facilitate unidirectional translocation of chemically diverse substances, ranging from peptides to lipids, across cell or organelle membranes. In peroxisomes, a subfamily of four ABC transporters ( @entity24382 to @entity57640 ) has been related to @entity844 transport, because @entity1 with mutations in @entity24382 ( @entity8019 gene) suffer from @entity8019 ( @entity8019 ), a disease characterized by an accumulation of very-long-chain @entity1718 (VLCFAs). Inactivation in the @entity19 of the @entity50933 gene leads to a late-onset @entity14827 , comparable to the late-onset form of @entity8019 [Pujol, A., Hindelang, C., Callizot, N., Bartsch, U., Schachner, M. and Mandel, J.L. (2002) Late onset neurological phenotype of the @entity8019 gene inactivation in @entity19 : a @entity19 model for @entity8019 . Hum. Mol. Genet., 11, 499-505.]. In the present work, we have generated and characterized a @entity19 deficient for @entity57641 , the closest paralog to @entity50933 . The main pathological feature in @entity57641 -/- @entity19 is a late-onset @entity6447 , with loss of cerebellar Purkinje cells and dorsal root ganglia cell degeneration, correlating with accumulation of VLCFAs in the latter cellular population. @entity528 was present in dorsal and ventral columns in spinal cord. We have identified mitochondrial, Golgi and endoplasmic reticulum damage as the underlying pathological mechanism, thus providing evidence of a disturbed organelle cross-talk, which may be at the origin of the pathological cascade.

title: Inactivation of the peroxisomal @entity57641 transporter in the XXXX leads to late-onset ataxia involving mitochondria, Golgi and endoplasmic reticulum damage.

entities_list: @entity844 :: ('CHEBI:35366', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity14827 :: ('MESH:D020271', 'Disease') :: ['neurodegenerative condition']

entities_list: @entity6447 :: ('MESH:D002524', 'Disease') :: ['cerebellar and sensory ataxia']

entities_list: @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity8019 :: ('MESH:D000326', 'Disease') :: ['X-ALD', 'ALD', 'X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy', 'adrenomyeloneuropathy']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['Axonal degeneration']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: A case of bilateral @entity2184 in a 54-year-old @entity1 is described. On admission of the @entity1 for a @entity2194 , an asymptomatic @entity5 was detected in his right eye. A thorough general examination did not reveal any @entity3 . The left eye was enucleated and local excision of the @entity5 in the right eye was performed 2 months later. Histology confirmed the presence of @entity320 in both eyes. The @entity5 were of similar A/B spindle-cell type. The @entity1 remained healthy, showing no sign of @entity3 or local recurrence of @entity320 9 months after the date of diagnosis. The visual acuity in his remaining eye remained 6/6. Immunological assessment of the blood serum revealed abnormally high @entity1356 ( @entity1356 ) and @entity1199 levels. Possible implications of these findings are discussed.

title: XXXX presenting simultaneously.

entities_list: @entity2194 :: ('MESH:D005128', 'Disease') :: ['choroidal melanoma of the left eye']

entities_list: @entity1356 :: ('3553', 'Gene') :: ['interleukin 1 beta', 'IL-1 beta']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['ciliary-body tumour', 'tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity2184 :: ('MESH:C536494', 'Disease') :: ['uveal melanoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'metastases']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma', 'malignant melanomas']

answer: @entity2184 :: (MESH:C536494,Disease) :: ['Bilateral uveal melanoma']


abstract: A 4 x 4 Latin square experiment was conducted to examine abomasal passage of biogenic @entity4478 in steers fed silage and their related effects on intake, digestibility, and digestive function. Thirty percent of the @entity62 ( @entity62 ) in the diets consisted of alfalfa forage, which was fed as either hay or silage. The @entity62 from alfalfa silage @entity62 was substituted at 0, 33, 67, and 100% for @entity62 from alfalfa hay and was fed to four ruminally and abomasally cannulated steers. The roughage component of the diet constituted 50% of the @entity62 and consisted of 60% alfalfa silage or hay and 40% tropical @entity4336 silage. The concentrate was composed mainly of ground @entity4336 . The concentrations of @entity7224 and @entity7226 in abomasal digesta increased as alfalfa silage in the diet increased. Abomasal recovery of biogenic @entity4478 , a product of their concentration in abomasal digesta and the passage of @entity62 through the abomasum, was negatively correlated with intake. Abomasal recovery of most @entity4478 was 5 to 20% of intake. Abomasal recovery of @entity7226 was correlated with @entity308 . Total @entity62 intake was reduced 8.3 to 25.8% as the proportion of alfalfa silage in the diet increased. Frequency of reticular contractions, intake, ruminal @entity62 digestibility, ruminal outflow, volatile @entity1718 , and total tract @entity62 digestibility decreased in steers fed diets that contained more alfalfa silage. Ruminal fluid pH and @entity3655 concentration increased in steers fed more alfalfa silage; however, mass and the @entity62 percentage of ruminal contents decreased linearly. Postprandial insulin concentrations were quadratically related to the proportion of alfalfa hay or silage in the diet. Intraruminal metabolism of biogenic @entity4478 is extensive based on the relatively low quantities recovered in abomasal digesta; however, the amounts recovered in abomasal digesta were related to intake @entity308 and associated physiological effects.

title: Biogenic @entity4478 in silage, apparent postruminal passage, and the relationship between biogenic XXXX and digestive function and intake by steers.

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressed intake', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity7226 :: ('MESH:D002103', 'Chemical') :: ['cadaverine']

entities_list: @entity7224 :: ('MESH:D011700', 'Chemical') :: ['putrescine']

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['DM', 'dry matter']

answer: @entity4478 :: (MESH:D000588,Chemical) :: ['amines']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Swedish Health and Medical Services act states that good care should be given to the entire population on equal terms. Still studies show that access to care in Sweden differ related to for example gender and socioeconomic variables. One of the areas in Swedish health care that has attracted attention for potential inequity in access is @entity231 Extraction (CE). Previous studies of access to CE in Sweden show that female @entity1 have in general poorer vision before they are operated and longer waiting times for CE than male @entity1 . The aim of the study was to describe the waiting times in different @entity1 groups with regards to visual acuity, gender, age, native country, educational level, annual income and whether the @entity1 was retired or still working. METHODS: The study was designed as a register study of 102 532 @entity1 who have had CE performed in Sweden 2010-2011. Linear regression was used to analyse the association between @entity1 characteristics and waiting times. Mean waiting times for @entity1 and @entity1 were calculated for all groups. RESULTS: At significance level p   <   0.05 longer waiting times corresponded to @entity1 having good visual acuity, being of female gender, high age, retired, born outside the Nordic countries and having low income and education. Calculations of mean waiting times for all groups showed that @entity1 had longer waiting times than @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: The differences between groups defined, for example, by gender, age, native country, income, education and retirement are statistically significant. We do not consider them as clinically significant, but we consider the consistent pattern that we have found noteworthy in relation to the principle of equity in health care.

title: Inequity in waiting for XXXX surgery - an analysis of data from the Swedish National @entity231 Register.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['Cataract']

answer: @entity231 :: (MESH:D002386,Disease) :: ['cataract']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 2117 Background: There is not a standard chemotherapy treatment for advanced @entity356 . Irinotecan/ @entity900 is one of the new combinations showing promising activity in this disease. METHODS: This study aim to determine maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of a three drugs combination chemotherapy in @entity1 with locally advanced non rescetable or metastatic @entity356 . Other advanced solid @entity5 not previously treated for which the proposed chemotherapy is a reasonable therapeutic option could be included. The MTD is defined as the dose at which 2 of 3 or 2 of 6 @entity1 experience dose-limiting @entity137 (DLT). The recommended phase II dose is defined as the dose preceding the MTD A Phase I trial, started with: Infusional @entity1487 : 14 days protacted infusion, days 1 and 22, fixed dose 200 mg/m2, weekly @entity900 : fixed dose 30 mg/m2, days 1,8,22 and 29. Weekly irinotecan days 1,8,22 and 29, 3 doses levels: 0: 55 mg/m2, 1: 60 mg/m2, 2: 65 mg/m2. @entity2600 dose escalation is allowed if 0/3 or 1/6 @entity1 had limiting @entity137 at previous dose level and at least three @entity1 were treated for the entire treatment period in each level. DLT is defined as: G4 @entity1398 and trombophenia for five days or more, fever or @entity295 with @entity1398 and other non-hematological grade 3-4 @entity137 (excluding alopecia, @entity417 and @entity391 ). RESULTS: Three @entity1 were included in first level, 2 males / 1 female (ages: 21,22,56). Two advanced @entity356 and one hepatocarcinoma @entity137 : diarrhea grade 2: one @entity1 , asthenia grade 2: one @entity1 , @entity390 grade 2: one @entity1 . No MTD @entity137 was found. CONCLUSIONS: In December 2003, the first level is completed without DLT. The study is ongoing and there is a @entity1 included in second level. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: Phase I trial of @entity900 , infusional @entity1487 and XXXX in advanced @entity356 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'Toxicity']

entities_list: @entity2600 :: ('MESH:C051890', 'Chemical') :: ['Irinotecan']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin', 'Cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer', 'gastric adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity2600 :: (MESH:C051890,Chemical) :: ['irinotecan']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To present our experience with three cases of @entity292 with special emphasis on diagnosis and conservative management. @entity1 AND METHODS: Three middle-aged @entity1 presented to us differently. All had spontaneous rectoprostatic fistulas. Biopsy showed @entity378 though three consecutive urine samples for acid-fast bacilli were negative. None of the @entity1 were immunocompromised. Their upper tracts were normal and all had a past history of @entity1907 . They were started on antitubercular drugs and urinary diversion with or without faecal diversion. RESULTS: All fistulae healed completely within 6 weeks of starting antitubercular treatment. One @entity1 healed with @entity1494 that required bladder neck incision. Voiding was normal on 1-year follow-up. CONCLUSION: Spontaneous tubercular rectoprostatic fistulae are rare. There should be a strong clinical suspicion in endemic areas. Prostatic biopsy proves the diagnosis. Conservative management with antitubercular drugs and urinary diversion with or without faecal diversion has a high success rate and should be the first line of treatment even if urine is negative for acid-fast bacilli.

title: Diagnosis and conservative treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bladder neck stenosis']

entities_list: @entity292 :: ('MESH:D005402', 'Disease') :: ['rectoprostatic fistula']

entities_list: @entity378 :: ('MESH:D014376', 'Disease') :: ['tuberculosis']

entities_list: @entity1907 :: ('MESH:D014397', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary tuberculosis']

answer: @entity292 :: (MESH:D005402,Disease) :: ['tubercular rectoprostatic fistula']


abstract: Importance: Studies suggest that a postnatal parental intervention may reduce the incidence of abusive @entity542 (AHT) of @entity1 and young @entity1 . Objective: To assess the effect of statewide universal AHT education for parents on AHT hospitalization rates in Pennsylvania and on parents' self-reported knowledge gains and parenting behaviors. Design, Setting, and @entity1 : Changes in AHT hospitalization rates in Pennsylvania before and during the intervention were compared with those in 5 other states lacking universal parental AHT education during the same period. Data were collected from maternity units and birthing centers throughout Pennsylvania from the parents of 1   593   834 @entity1 born on these units from January 1, 2003, to December 31, 2013. Parental behavior and knowledge were assessed through immediate (n   =   16   111) and 7-month postintervention (n   =   146) parent surveys in a per protocol analysis of evaluable parents. Interventions: Parents read a brochure, viewed an 8-minute video about @entity1 crying and AHT, asked questions of the nurse, and signed a commitment statement affirming their participation. Educational posters were displayed on each unit. Main Outcomes and Measures: Changes in AHT hospitalization rates before and during the intervention in Pennsylvania and 5 other states. Secondary outcomes included self-reported knowledge gains and changes in parenting practices. Results: A total of 1   180   291 parents (74.1%) of @entity1 ranging in age from 0 to 23 months signed a commitment statement. Incidence rate ratios for hospitalization for AHT increased in Pennsylvania from 24.1 (95% CI, 22.1-26.3) to 26.6 (95% CI, 24.9-28.4) per 100   000 @entity1 aged 0 to 23 months during the intervention period; changes in Pennsylvania were not significantly different from aggregate changes in the 5 other states, from 22.4 (95% CI, 21.2-23.6) to 22.0 (95% CI, 21.2-22.8) per 100   000 @entity1 aged 0 to 23 months. A total of 16   111 parents (21.5% @entity1 , 78.5% @entity1 ) completed the postnatal survey. Despite an overall 74.1% adherence with the intervention, only 20.6% of parents saw the brochure and video and only 5.7% were exposed to the entire intervention. Among the respondents answering individual questions on the postnatal surveys, 10   958 mothers (91.0%) and 2950 fathers (88.6%) reported learning a lot about understanding @entity1 crying as normal; 11   023 mothers (92.2%) and 2923 fathers (88.9%), calming their @entity1 , 11   396 mothers (94.6%) and 3035 fathers (91.9%), calming themselves; 10   060 mothers (85.1%) and 2688 fathers (83.4%), selecting other @entity1 caregivers; and 11   435 mothers (94.8%) and 3201 fathers (95.8%), that the information would decrease the likelihood of shaking an @entity1 . Among the 143 respondents completing the 7-month survey, 109 (76.2%) reported remembering the information while their @entity1 was crying. Conclusions and Relevance: This intervention was not associated with a reduction in pediatric AHT hospitalization rates but was associated with self-reported gains in parental knowledge that were retained for 7 months.

title: Association of a Postnatal Parent Education Program for Abusive @entity542 With Subsequent Pediatric Abusive XXXX Hospitalization Rates.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'children', 'infants', 'Participants', 'child', 'infant', 'men']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['head trauma']

answer: @entity542 :: (MESH:D006259,Disease) :: ['Head Trauma']


abstract: One hundred and sixty-four @entity1 scheduled for elective termination of pregnancy under general anaesthesia were randomly assigned to receive one of three different supplements to @entity1875 and @entity26 in nitrous @entity8369 anaesthesia: 0.1 mg @entity3575 , 0.5 mg @entity680 or placebo. @entity282 and @entity390 , as well as complications during anaesthesia were studied. There were no differences in complications or complaints by surgeons during anaesthesia, and no @entity1 in any group reacted unsatisfactorily to surgery. The @entity1 in the placebo group consumed significantly more @entity1875 during the procedure (P less than 0.001). No differences were seen in time until hospital discharge between the three groups. Complaints about @entity282 were significantly less frequent among @entity1 receiving @entity3575 (P less than 0.01). The number of @entity1 requesting postoperative analgetics, however, did not differ. There was no difference in the frequency of @entity390 or @entity391 , but @entity282 was found significantly to increase complaints of @entity390 (P less than 0.01) and also time until hospital discharge (P less than 0.01). In conclusion, opioid supplementation lowered the amount of @entity1875 needed for anaesthesia. @entity680 0.5 mg did not improve the postoperative course. @entity3575 0.1 mg decreased the frequency of @entity282 without increasing the time to hospital discharge.

title: Opioid supplementation to XXXX anaesthesia for outpatient abortion: a comparison between @entity680 , @entity3575 and placebo.

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity680 :: ('MESH:D015760', 'Chemical') :: ['Alfentanil', 'alfentanil']

entities_list: @entity1875 :: ('MESH:D015742', 'Chemical') :: ['propofol']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative pain', 'Postoperative pain']

entities_list: @entity3575 :: ('MESH:D005283', 'Chemical') :: ['fentanyl', 'Fentanyl']

answer: @entity1875 :: (MESH:D015742,Chemical) :: ['propofol']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The majority of @entity9608 are benign, small and intrapancreatic. Preoperative localisation is important to plan the surgical management. METHODS: We retrospectively analysed our data on the preoperative imaging, type of surgery and histopathological features of the operated @entity1 with an @entity9608 from January 1993 to March 2010. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to detect the predictive factors for survival following surgery. RESULTS: Forty @entity1 were operated on for @entity9608 , of which 33 were benign and 7 were malignant. The sensitivity of preoperative computed tomogram scan, magnetic resonance imaging and endoscopic ultrasound, for localising the lesions was 62, 82 and 94%, respectively. Enucleation was performed in 21 (52.5%) @entity1 , and remaining had pancreatic resection. Hepatic resection was performed in 2 and liver transplantation in 1 @entity1 . Morbidity and perioperative mortality was 17 (42.5%) and 1 (2.7%), respectively. The overall 5- and 10-year survival was 89 and 86.5%, respectively. The presence of @entity3 was found to be an independent predictor of poor survival on multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION: Preoperative computed tomogram/magnetic resonance imaging and endoscopic ultrasound are sensitive in localizing the majority of @entity9608 . Surgery offers a good long-term survival, even in @entity1 with @entity5 .

title: Preoperative localisation and surgical XXXX : single centre experience.

entities_list: @entity9608 :: ('MESH:D007340', 'Disease') :: ['insulinoma', 'insulinomas']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant insulinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

answer: @entity9608 :: (MESH:D007340,Disease) :: ['management of insulinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND DESIGN: @entity12563 , an inborn error of @entity1446 biosynthesis, results from the deficient activity of the enzyme @entity13227 . The clinical manifestations in unrelated @entity1 with this @entity74 are remarkedly variable, ranging from mild cutaneous involvement to severe transfusion-dependent @entity5714 . Biochemical and molecular studies were undertaken to investigate the nature of the unusually mild phenotype in a 15-year-old @entity1 with only cutaneous manifestations. RESULTS: The proband's levels of total @entity7889 , urinary @entity21524 , and erythrocyte @entity53620 were elevated, but not as dramatically as in other @entity1 with this porphyria. Interestingly, the erythrocyte @entity13227 activity in the proband was about 21% of the normal mean, indicating the presence of significant residual activity. In cultured lymphoblasts from the proband, his father, and mother, the enzymatic activities were 10%, 70%, and 50% of the normal mean, respectively. Molecular analyses revealed that the proband was heteroallelic for two @entity13227 missense mutations: the @entity25493 allele inherited from his mother and the @entity59415 allele transmitted by his father. The @entity59415 allele encoded residual enzymatic activity in vitro while the @entity25493 allele did not. CONCLUSIONS: The @entity59415 allele accounted for the proband's low levels of @entity7170 accumulation and mild clinical manifestations. Such genotype-phenotype correlations should provide understanding of the remarkable clinical variability in other @entity1 with this @entity74 .

title: @entity12563 . A mild variant with low @entity21524 levels due to a missense mutation ( XXXX ) encoding residual @entity13227 activity.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'boy']

entities_list: @entity12563 :: ('MESH:D017092', 'Disease') :: ['Congenital erythropoietic porphyria']

entities_list: @entity53620 :: ('MESH:C031467', 'Chemical') :: ['coproporphyrin I']

entities_list: @entity13227 :: ('7390', 'Gene') :: ['uroporphyrinogen III synthase']

entities_list: @entity59415 :: ('p|SUB|A|66|V', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['A66V']

entities_list: @entity7889 :: ('MESH:D011166', 'Chemical') :: ['porphyrins']

entities_list: @entity7170 :: ('CHEBI:8337', 'Chemical') :: ['porphyrin']

entities_list: @entity21524 :: ('MESH:C034103', 'Chemical') :: ['uroporphyrin I']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['inherited porphyria', 'autosomal recessive disorder']

entities_list: @entity5714 :: ('MESH:D000743', 'Disease') :: ['hemolytic anemia']

entities_list: @entity25493 :: ('p|SUB|C|73|R', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['C73R']

answer: @entity59415 :: (p|SUB|A|66|V,ProteinMutation) :: ['A66V']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: @entity158 reduction is important for rehabilitation after total knee arthroplasty. Intra- and peri-articular infiltration with local anesthetics may be an alternative to commonly used locoregional techniques. Adding @entity4481 orally and @entity16346 intravenously may further reduce @entity282 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: This prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study compared two methods of perioperative @entity1337 . Control @entity1 received a standardized multimodal postoperative analgesic regime of @entity1443 , @entity3522 , and @entity22730 - @entity1 -controlled @entity1337 , including @entity1342 knee infiltration during surgery. The study group received @entity4481 orally and @entity16346 intravenously as an additional medication to the standard multimodal regimen. The control group received placebo. RESULTS: The study group showed lower @entity22730 consumption during the first 24 h (P: 0.043), but with more side effects such as @entity892 and @entity1296 . CONCLUSION: Addition of @entity4481 and @entity16346 resulted in lower @entity22730 consumption during the first 24 h postoperatively. However, more investigation on benefits versus side effects of this medication is required.

title: The effect of @entity4481 and @entity16346 in total knee arthroplasty XXXX : A randomized trial.

entities_list: @entity3522 :: ('MESH:D004008', 'Chemical') :: ['diclofenac']

entities_list: @entity1337 :: ('MESH:D000699', 'Disease') :: ['analgesia']

entities_list: @entity1443 :: ('MESH:D000082', 'Chemical') :: ['paracetamol']

entities_list: @entity22730 :: ('MESH:D010892', 'Chemical') :: ['piritramide']

entities_list: @entity1342 :: ('MESH:C037663', 'Chemical') :: ['ropivacaine']

entities_list: @entity1296 :: ('MESH:D004244', 'Disease') :: ['dizziness']

entities_list: @entity892 :: ('MESH:D004172', 'Disease') :: ['diplopia']

entities_list: @entity4481 :: ('MESH:C080245', 'Chemical') :: ['pregabalin']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative pain']

entities_list: @entity16346 :: ('CHEBI:60799', 'Chemical') :: ['s-ketamine']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: This study addresses whether antibiotic prophylaxis is beneficial for @entity656 . METHODS: This randomized, controlled trial enrolled 276 @entity1 with severe acute @entity788 . There were 56 @entity1 with 30% or more @entity39 proved by contrast-enhanced computerized tomography who were eligible for randomization: 29 in the study group and 27 in the control group, who received i.v. @entity2892 - @entity9234 (3 x 500 mg/day) within 72 h of the onset of symptoms for 7-14 days, and no antibiotic prophylaxis, respectively. The primary end-point was the incidence of @entity166 . The secondary end-points were mortality, the incidence of necrosectomy for infected @entity39 , the incidence of organ complication and hospital courses. RESULTS: Characteristics of baseline data were similar in the two groups. No significant differences were found in the incidence of @entity39 (37% vs 27.6%), mortality (10.3% vs 14.8%) and the incidence of operative necrosectomy (29.6% vs 34.6%) between the study group and the control group (P > 0.05). The incidence of @entity281 , organ complications and hospital courses between the groups were also not significantly different. However, a significantly increased incidence of @entity364 was observed in the study group versus the control group (36.1% vs 14.2%, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: There was no benefit in the outcomes when antibiotic prophylaxis was routinely used in @entity1 with @entity656 .

title: Effect of antibiotic prophylaxis on XXXX : results of a randomized controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity2892 :: ('MESH:D015378', 'Chemical') :: ['imipenem']

entities_list: @entity656 :: ('MESH:D019283', 'Disease') :: ['acute necrotizing pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis', 'infected pancreatic necrosis']

entities_list: @entity9234 :: ('MESH:D015377', 'Chemical') :: ['cilastatin']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['extrapancreatic infections']

entities_list: @entity364 :: ('MESH:D009181', 'Disease') :: ['fungal infection']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['infectious complication']

answer: @entity656 :: (MESH:D019283,Disease) :: ['acute necrotizing pancreatitis']


abstract: Current magnitude in @entity9402 @entity972 channels is modulated by external [K+]. In contrast to behavior expected from the change in electrochemical driving force, outward current through @entity9402 channels becomes larger when extracellular [K+] is increased within the physiological range. The mechanism that underlies this unusual property involves the opening of @entity9402 channels into one of two different outer vestibule conformations, which are defined by their sensitivity to @entity1041 . Channels that open into a @entity1041 -sensitive conformation generate larger macroscopic currents, whereas channels that open into a @entity1041 -insensitive conformation generate smaller macroscopic currents. At higher [K+], more channels open into the @entity1041 -sensitive conformation. In this manuscript, we examined the mechanism by which the conformational change produced a change in current magnitude. We started by testing the simplest hypothesis: that each pharmacologically defined channel conformation produces a different single channel conductance, one smaller and one larger, and that the [K+]-dependent change in current magnitude reflects the [K+]-dependent change in the percentage of channels that open into each of the two conformations. Using single channel and macroscopic recordings, as well as hidden Markov modeling, we were able to quantitatively account for [K+]-dependent regulation of macroscopic current with this model. Combined with previously published work, these results support a model whereby an outer vestibule @entity376 interferes with K+ flux through the channel, and that the [K+]-dependent change in orientation of this @entity376 alters single channel conductance by changing the level of this interference. Moreover, these results provide an experimental example of single channel conductance being modulated at the outer end of the conduction pathway by a mechanism that involves channel activation into open states with different outer vestibule conformations.

title: Control of single channel conductance in the outer vestibule of the @entity9402 XXXX channel.

entities_list: @entity376 :: ('CHEBI:25094', 'Chemical') :: ['lysine']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

answer: @entity972 :: (MESH:D011188,Chemical) :: ['potassium']


abstract: The @entity4621 @entity864 ( @entity865 ) enhances or suppresses the transcriptional activation of @entity4187 by @entity1300 ( @entity1300 ) in a cell/tissue-specific manner. The basis for these effects is not known. Exposure of the immortalized @entity1 breast epithelial cell line MCF10A-Neo to @entity865 at the time of, or up to 12 hr prior to, the addition of @entity1300 strongly suppressed the transcriptional activation of @entity4187 and @entity4188 (IC(50) approximately 0.5 nM). A recent study (Carcinogenesis 2000;21:1303-12) demonstrated that @entity865 -treated MCF10A-Neo cells rapidly activate the latent @entity2533 ( @entity2533 ) in the serum used to supplement the culture medium. The suppressive effects of @entity865 on @entity4187 induction by @entity1300 in MCF10A-Neo cultures could be partially suppressed by: (a) co-incubation of @entity1300 + @entity865 -treated cultures with a neutralizing @entity2533 pan antibody; (b) prior removal of latent @entity2533 from the culture medium; or (c) switching cultures to serum- and growth factor-free medium immediately before the addition of @entity865 and @entity1300 . Exposure of cultures to @entity865 24-48 hr prior to subsequent @entity865 + @entity1300 treatment not only inhibited the suppressive effects of @entity865 , but markedly enhanced @entity4187 mRNA accumulation. @entity865 caused a rapid and protracted activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs). Pretreatment of cultures with the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) inhibitor @entity22130 [ @entity22130 ] completely inhibited @entity3963 activation by @entity865 . However, @entity22130 did not prevent the suppressive effects of @entity865 on @entity4187 activation by @entity1300 . These studies demonstrate that @entity865 initiates protein kinase C-dependent, @entity3963 -independent processes that suppress @entity4187 activation by @entity1300 in MCF10A-Neo cells. Furthermore, @entity2533 mediates a small portion of this suppressive activity.

title: Suppression of @entity1300 ( @entity1300 )-mediated @entity4187 and @entity4188 induction by XXXX : role of @entity2533 and mitogen-activated protein kinases.

entities_list: @entity22130 :: ('MESH:C120227', 'Chemical') :: ['2-(2-chloro-4-iodo-phenylamino)-N-cyclopropyl-methoxy-3,4-difluoro-benzamide', 'PD184352']

entities_list: @entity4621 :: ('CHEBI:37532', 'Chemical') :: ['phorbol ester']

entities_list: @entity2533 :: ('7040', 'Gene') :: ['TGFbeta', 'transforming growth factor beta']

entities_list: @entity1300 :: ('MESH:D013749', 'Chemical') :: ['TCDD', '2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin']

entities_list: @entity864 :: ('MESH:C554292|MESH:D013755', 'Chemical') :: ['12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate']

answer: @entity864 :: (MESH:C554292|MESH:D013755,Chemical) :: ['12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate']


abstract: We hypothesize that fibroblasts obtained from the retroocular space and the pretibial skin, sites affected by the peripheral manifestations of @entity2743 , share unique characteristics that may in part explain the site specificity of @entity6875 ( @entity6875 ) and @entity3568 ( @entity3568 ). @entity1457 proteins (HSPs), synthesized by cells undergoing stress, function to maintain cellular homeostasis and are probably involved in the intracellular processing and cell surface presentation of antigens. We investigated possible differences in the expression of 70-kDa HSPs between cultured fibroblasts obtained from @entity1 with severe @entity6875 and normal individuals. In addition, we compared @entity1879 expression in fibroblasts derived from tissues involved in the extrathyroidal manifestation of @entity2743 ( @entity6875 and @entity3568 ) with that in fibroblasts from uninvolved tissues. HSPs were detected by both immunoblotting and indirect immunofluorescence, using monoclonal antibodies that are directed against @entity1878 , @entity61644 (termed @entity2285 ), and @entity4041 . @entity1879 expression at baseline and after treatment with various cytokines and heat stress was examined. At baseline, @entity1878 reactivity was exclusively detected in retroocular and pretibial fibroblasts from @entity1 with severe @entity6875 and @entity3568 , but was not observed in abdominal fibroblasts from these @entity1 and was not detectable in fibroblasts from any anatomical site of normal individuals. The abundance of @entity2285 expression at baseline and after treatment with certain cytokines was significantly greater in retroocular and pretibial fibroblasts from @entity1 with @entity6875 than in normal individuals. In addition, characteristic changes in the cellular localization of HSPs before and after exposure to heat stress and cytokines were observed; cell surface expression of @entity2285 was detected at baseline in fibroblasts from @entity1 , but not in normal fibroblasts. These data provide the first evidence that HSPs are differentially expressed by fibroblasts derived from tissues affected by the extrathyroidal manifestations of @entity1120 . These proteins may have a role in localized immune processes, leading to the development of @entity6875 and @entity3568 .

title: Detection, cellular localization, and modulation of @entity1457 proteins in cultured fibroblasts from XXXX with extrathyroidal manifestations of @entity2743 .

entities_list: @entity2743 :: ('MESH:D006111', 'Disease') :: ["Graves' disease"]

entities_list: @entity1457 :: ('MESH:D012769', 'Disease') :: ['Heat shock']

entities_list: @entity3568 :: ('MESH:D009230', 'Disease') :: ['PTM', 'pretibial myxedema']

entities_list: @entity6875 :: ('MESH:D049970', 'Disease') :: ["Graves' ophthalmopathy", 'GO']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: PURPOSE: To compare clinical success, functional capacity, and quality of life during 12 months after revascularization or supervised exercise training in @entity1 with @entity613 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study had institutional review board approval, and all @entity1 gave written informed consent. Between September 2002 and September 2005, 151 consecutive @entity1 who presented with symptoms of @entity613 were randomly assigned to undergo either endovascular revascularization (angioplasty-first approach) (n = 76) or hospital-based supervised exercise (n = 75). The outcome measures were clinical success, functional capacity, and quality of life after 6 and 12 months. Clinical success was defined as improvement in at least one category in the Rutherford scale above the pretreatment level. Significance of differences between the groups was assessed with the unpaired t test, chi(2) test, or Mann-Whitney U test. To adjust outcomes for imbalances of baseline values, multivariable regression analysis was performed. RESULTS: Immediately after the start of treatment, @entity1 who underwent revascularization improved more than @entity1 who performed exercise in terms of clinical success (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 39; 99% confidence interval [CI]: 11, 131; P < .001), but this advantage was lost after 6 (adjusted OR, 0.9; 99% CI: 0.3, 2.3; P = .70) and 12 (adjusted OR, 1.1; 99% CI: 0.5, 2.8; P = .73) months. After revascularization, fewer @entity1 showed signs of @entity1109 at 6 months compared with @entity1 in the exercise group (adjusted OR, 0.4; 99% CI: 0.2, 0.9; P < .001), but no significant differences were demonstrated at 12 months. After both treatments, functional capacity and quality of life scores increased after 6 and 12 months, but no significant differences between the groups were demonstrated. CONCLUSION: After 6 and 12 months, @entity1 with @entity613 benefited equally from either endovascular revascularization or supervised exercise. Improvement was, however, more immediate after revascularization.

title: XXXX : clinical effectiveness of endovascular revascularization versus supervised hospital-based exercise training--randomized controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity613 :: ('MESH:D007383', 'Disease') :: ['intermittent claudication']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['ipsilateral symptoms']

answer: @entity613 :: (MESH:D007383,Disease) :: ['Intermittent claudication']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We wished to correlate the expression of @entity5962 and @entity3546 in @entity957 of the head and neck to outcome and other clinicopathologic variables. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: This retrospective study was carried out in a tertiary care setting. The @entity5 of 45 @entity1 who had their head and neck @entity957 primarily treated by resection were evaluated immunohistochemically with antibodies to @entity5962 and @entity3546 . Thirty-two @entity5 arose in the oral cavity, 9 @entity5 originated in the larynx, and 4 @entity5 began in the hypopharynx. @entity1 outcome and the clinicopathologic variables of @entity5 site, @entity5 stage, cervical lymph node status, @entity5 differentiation, perineural invasion, and vascular invasion were correlated to immunohistochemical expression of @entity5962 and @entity3546 . RESULTS: Low expression of @entity5962 in the @entity5 was significantly associated with decreased overall survival (P = 0.004), disease-free survival (P = 0.007), and vascular invasion (P = 0.02) but not with other clinicopathologic variables. @entity3546 expression was not significantly associated with any of the studied clinicopathologic variables. CONCLUSION: Decreased @entity5962 but not @entity3546 expression is associated with decreased survival in @entity1 with @entity213 . SIGNIFICANCE: Detection of loss of @entity5962 expression may help predict which @entity1 with @entity213 will experience a worse outcome compared to @entity1 whose @entity5 have not lost this @entity5 suppressor. EBM RATING: @entity10287 .

title: Decreased @entity5962 but not XXXX expression is associated with vascular invasion and decreased survival in @entity213 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous carcinomas', 'squamous carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity213 :: ('MESH:C535575', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck squamous carcinomas', 'head and neck squamous cell carcinoma']

answer: @entity3546 :: (1499,Gene) :: ['beta-catenin']