abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of gestational @entity6 (GD) in an outpatient clinic in northeastern Mexico. @entity1 : 732 consecutive pregnant @entity1 referred for prenatal care during a two-year period. INTERVENTION AND OUTCOME MEASURE: A 100 g @entity413 tolerance test was performed in the @entity1 with sampling at 1, 2 and 3 hours postchallenge. The @entity1 were classified according to the criteria of the American @entity6 Association as normal, abnormal, and a third category of those showing a single abnormal value in the tolerance test. RESULTS: Six percent of the @entity1 (44/732) had GD and 1.4% (10/732) had one abnormal value. A comparison group was made with a subset of 44 of the 678 @entity1 who showed a normal tolerance test. No group differences were seen in parity, and age, nor in body weight gain or changes in body mass index, the latter measured in the initial and final weeks of pregnancy. Significant differences versus the normal @entity1 were seen in the GD group for cesarean births (43% vs 30%) and in macrosomy (25% vs 7%). The group with one abnormal test showed high values in cesareans (50%) and macrosomy (10%) but did not reach significant difference with the other groups. CONCLUSIONS: GD was higher in our study than in the only paper on GD prevalence reported in Mexico (3.9%). The higher incidence of cesareans and macrosomy in GD makes it necessary to consider therapeutic interventions in these cases.

title: [Experience with a screening program for gestational XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetes', 'diabetes']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']


abstract: @entity3494 is widely distributed in the environment, and it is a proven toxic and carcinogenic agent. On the southwest coast of Taiwan, an endemic occurrence of chronic @entity50469 due to a high concentration of @entity3494 in artesian-well water has been reported. However, the mechanisms of its carcinogenic action are still unclear. The Janus kinase (JAK)-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway is an essential cascade for mediating normal functions of different cytokines in the development of the hematopoietic and immune systems. In this study, the substantial morphological changes observed in SV-40 immortalized @entity1 uroepithelial cells (SV-HUC-1) after treatment of various concentrations of @entity4250 were examined, and the expression of @entity4042 , @entity4016 and p- @entity4104 (Tyr 705) were evaluated by immunocytochemistry and Western blotting. Our results showed that the expression of @entity4042 increased dose-dependently in @entity4250 -treated urothelial cells. @entity7249 treatment reduced @entity4016 protein expression in a dose-dependent manner. However, treatment of @entity1 cells with @entity4250 at concentration ranges from 2 and 4microM for 48h dramatically increased p- @entity4104 (Tyr 705), but the levels decreased at 8-40microM of @entity4250 . Our data suggest that @entity3494 -mediated inactivation of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway might be caused by @entity4042 interaction with JAK @entity669 kinase or STAT. In conclusion, our findings indicate that @entity3494 inhibits JAK @entity669 kinase protein expression and suggest the interference in the JAK-STAT pathway might be through @entity4042 playing an important role in @entity3494 -associated @entity105 .

title: Expression of @entity4104 and XXXX oncoprotein in @entity7249 -treated SV-40 immortalized @entity1 uroepithelial cells.

entities_list: @entity4250 :: ('MESH:C015001', 'Chemical') :: ['arsenite']

entities_list: @entity105 :: ('MESH:D063646', 'Disease') :: ['carcinogenesis']

entities_list: @entity3494 :: ('MESH:D001151', 'Chemical') :: ['arsenic', 'Arsenic']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

entities_list: @entity7249 :: ('MESH:C017947', 'Chemical') :: ['Sodium arsenite']

entities_list: @entity50469 :: ('MESH:D020261', 'Disease') :: ['arsenical poisoning']

answer: @entity4042 :: (604,Gene) :: ['Bcl-6']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The principal objective was to assess the prevalence of @entity4346 ( @entity4346 ) in @entity101 , never treated @entity1 , depending on adjustment for body surface or height. Secondary objectives were to determine geometric alterations of the left ventricle and to analyze the interdependence of @entity101 and @entity28 to induce @entity4346 . @entity1 AND METHODS: Cross-sectional study that included 750 @entity1 (387 @entity1 ) aged 47 (13, SD) years who underwent ambulatory blood pressure (ABPM) monitoring and echocardiography. RESULTS: The prevalence of @entity4346 was 40.4% (303 @entity1 ), adjusted for body surface area (BSA, LVHBSA), and 61.7% (463 @entity1 ), adjusted for height(2.7) (LVHheight(2.7)). In a multivariate logistic analysis, systolic BP24h, gender and presence of elevated microalbuminuria were associated with both LVHBSA and LVHheight(2.7). Increased waist circumference was the strongest independent predictor of LVHheight(2.7), but was not associated with LVHBSA. We found a significant interaction between @entity1144 and systolic @entity55140 h in LVHheight(2.7). Concentric remodelling seems to be the most prevalent alteration of left ventricular geometry in early stages of @entity101 (37.5%). CONCLUSIONS: The impact of @entity28 as predictor of @entity4346 in never treated @entity101 is present only when @entity1002 ( @entity1002 ) is indexed to height(2.7). Obesity interacts with systolic BP24h in an additive but not merely synergistic manner. Systolic @entity55140 h is the strongest determinant of @entity4346 when indexed for BSA.

title: Impact of @entity1144 and ambulatory blood pressure in the diagnosis of @entity4346 in never treated XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS', 'men']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensives', 'hypertension', 'hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity1144 :: ('MESH:D056128', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal obesity']

entities_list: @entity4346 :: ('MESH:D017379', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular hypertrophy', 'LVH']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['LVM', 'left ventricular mass']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertensives']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Pressure, from lying or sitting on a particular part of the body, results in @entity26 deprivation to the affected area. If a @entity1 with an existing pressure ulcer continues to lie or bear weight on the affected area, the tissues become depleted of blood flow and there is no @entity26 or nutrient supply to the wound, and no removal of waste products from the wound, all of which are necessary for healing. @entity1 who cannot reposition themselves require assistance. International best practice advocates the use of repositioning as an integral component of a pressure ulcer management strategy. This review has been conducted to clarify the role of repositioning in the management of @entity1 with pressure @entity1066 . OBJECTIVES: To assess the effects of repositioning @entity1 on the healing rates of pressure @entity1066 . SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched the following databases: the Cochrane Wounds Group Specialised Register (5 December 2008); the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (The Cochrane Library 2008, Issue 4); Ovid MEDLINE (1950 to November Week 3 2008); Ovid EMBASE (1980 to 2008 Week 49); and EBSCO CINAHL (1982 to November Week 4 2008). SELECTION CRITERIA: We considered @entity23 ( @entity23 ) comparing repositioning with no repositioning, or @entity23 comparing different repositioning techniques, or @entity23 comparing different repositioning frequencies for the review. Controlled clinical trials (CCTs) were only to be considered in the absence of @entity23 . DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two authors independently assessed titles and, where available, abstracts of the studies identified by the search strategy for their eligibility. We obtained full versions of potentially relevant studies and two authors independently screened these against the inclusion criteria. MAIN RESULTS: We identified no studies that met the inclusion criteria. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: Despite the widespread use of repositioning as a component of the management plan for individuals with existing pressure @entity1066 , no randomised trials exist that assess the effects of repositioning @entity1 on the healing rates of pressure @entity1066 . Therefore, we cannot conclude whether repositioning @entity1 improves the healing rates of pressure @entity1066 . The effect of repositioning on pressure @entity1066 needs to be evaluated.

title: Repositioning for treating pressure XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulcer healing', 'ulcers']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity23 :: ('MESH:D007174', 'Disease') :: ['randomised controlled trials', 'RCTs']

answer: @entity1066 :: (MESH:D014456,Disease) :: ['ulcers']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity32 and @entity409 are important risk factors for @entity65 ( @entity65 ). We hypothesized that candidate genes selected for a study of @entity565 and @entity1030 ( @entity1030 ) are associated with markers of systemic @entity32 and @entity409 in an aging population. METHODS: Plasma levels of circulating @entity1851 ( @entity1851 ), @entity2002 , @entity2071 ( @entity2071 ) and @entity4725 ( @entity4725 ) were obtained from 679 elderly male @entity1 in the Normative Aging Study. Blood samples were analyzed for 202 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 25 candidate genes and included both haplotype tagSNPs and functional SNPs based on literature review. Data were stratified into discovery and replication cohorts for 2-stage analysis. In the discovery cohort, the relationship between biomarker level and genotype was analyzed using linear mixed effects with random intercepts for each subject and models were adjusted for age and BMI. A positive outcome in the discovery cohort was defined as a p-value <0.1 for the SNP. SNPs that met this criterion were analyzed in the replication cohort and confirmed for those which met a criterion of significance (p<0.025). RESULTS: In our analyses, SNPs in the @entity20583 , @entity56448 , and @entity17894 genes met significance criteria. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that genes thought to play a role in the pathogenesis of @entity565 and @entity1030 may influence levels of serum markers of @entity32 and @entity409 via novel SNP associations which have not previously been associated with @entity65 .

title: Candidate genes for respiratory disease associated with markers of @entity32 and @entity409 in elderly XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['Inflammation', 'inflammation']

entities_list: @entity4725 :: ('7412', 'Gene') :: ['vascular cell adhesion molecule-1', 'VCAM-1']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['endothelial dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder', 'COPD']

entities_list: @entity2071 :: ('3383', 'Gene') :: ['ICAM-1', 'intercellular adhesion molecule-1']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['CVD', 'cardiovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein', 'CRP']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['men']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The importance and indication of panretinal photocoagulation in @entity6 is well established. In contrast the indication of cryotherapy in this disease is more controversial especially in regard of new indications for early vitrectomy. The present study was performed to characterize the clinical possibilities and limitations of cryotherapy in complicated @entity6 . @entity1 AND METHODS: In 231 @entity1 with @entity6 and @entity548 limiting further photocoagulation the visual outcome and @entity6 retinal changes were observed before and after cyrotherapy (15-20 effects) of the ophthalmoscopically visible peripheral retina. RESULTS: After cryotherapy regression of active proliferations could be seen in 70% of the @entity1 . Resorption of @entity548 could be found in 80% of the @entity1 . This was associated with improvement in visual acuity in 50-60% of the @entity1 . @entity1018 was caused due to tractional detachment in 20% of the @entity1 and due to further @entity548 in 10% of the @entity1 . Comparison of retinal changes between @entity1 with worsened visual acuity and @entity1 with increase in visual acuity demonstrated the preoperative @entity159 as the most important prognostic factor. The development of central tractional detachment was significantly higher in @entity1 with preoperatively partly regressed disc neovascularisation. CONCLUSIONS: Cryotherapy of the peripheral retina in @entity6 with @entity548 is therefore only indicated after ophthalmoscopical or echographical exclusion of peripapillary @entity82 and retinal traction and with sufficient visibility of the peripheral retina for the application.

title: [Cryocoagulation in therapy of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1018 :: ('MESH:D054062', 'Disease') :: ['Loss of vision']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'proliferative diabetic retinopathy']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['vitreous hemorrhages', 'vitreous hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity159 :: ('MESH:D013226', 'Disease') :: ['fibrotic status of disc neovascularisation']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['proliferative diabetic retinopathy']


abstract: PURPOSE: A dummy run was organized to test the compliance of participating centres with the guidelines of EORTC protocol 22931, which compares high dose radiotherapy with concomitant radiochemotherapy in a postoperative setting for @entity1 presenting with locally advanced @entity135 . METHODS: In a first step the @entity1 (seven centres, six replies) were asked to define the planning target volume ( @entity343 ) in a given @entity1 on the basis of clinical, surgical and radiological (CT-images) data-sets and according to the protocol guidelines. In a second phase a series of CT-reconstructed slices with on- and off-axis @entity343 outlines were sent to 11 centres (10 replies), which were asked to plan a treatment following the recommendations made in the frame of the trial. RESULTS: The first step of this dummy run emphasized wide intercentre variations in @entity343 extensions. This fact raises the question of the reproducibility when pooling @entity1 in multicentric trials. The second step indicated a large variability in the field arrangements which was left to the discretion of the investigators. Only three out of 10 of the institutions followed the ICRU 50 recommendations for dose reporting. Moreover, protocol requirements were not met for dose distribution homogeneity in any centre. CONCLUSIONS: In order to reduce intercentre treatment heterogeneities, several actions have been taken by the EORTC Radiotherapy Group, e.g. amendments have been brought to protocol 22931 regarding a better definition of clinical and planning target volumes. Furthermore, a stricter application of the ICRU 50 recommendations for dose reporting has been sought.

title: Quality assurance of the EORTC radiotherapy trial 22931 for XXXX : the dummy run.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck carcinomas']

answer: @entity135 :: (MESH:D006258,Disease) :: ['head and neck carcinomas']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We have shown that preconditioning by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) will result in 90% reduction in @entity63 @entity75 in P7 @entity35 . This robust LPS neuroprotection was not observed in P3 or P5 pups (corresponding to @entity1 premature @entity1 ). LPS is a known @entity7942 ( @entity7942 ) ligand. We hypothesized that TLRs other than @entity7942 may mediate preconditioning against @entity2806 in the developing brain. METHODS: @entity21140 , @entity53454 , @entity7942 , and @entity53455 expression was detected in brain sections from P3, P5, and P7 @entity35 by immuno-staining. In subsequent experiments, P5 @entity35 were randomly assigned to @entity53454 specific agonist, poly I:C, or saline treated group. At 48 h after the injections, @entity63 was induced by unilateral carotid artery ligation followed by @entity519 for 65 min. Brains were removed 1 week after @entity63 and @entity1188 volumes were compared in H_E stained sections between the two groups. RESULTS: @entity21140 and @entity53454 were highly expressed in brains of @entity22545 but not in P7 @entity35 . The number of @entity7942 positive cells was lower in @entity22545 compared to P7 brains (P <0.05). @entity53454 was predominately expressed in P5 pups (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in @entity53455 expression in the three age groups. There was a significant reduction in @entity1188 volume (P=0.01) in poly I:C compared to saline pre-treated P5 pups. Pre-treatment with poly I:C downregulated @entity4026 and upregulated @entity41387 expression in P5 @entity35 @entity63 brains. Pre-treatment with poly I:C did not offer neuroprotection in P7 @entity35 brains. CONCLUSION: TLRs expression and function is developmentally determined. Poly I:C-induced preconditioning against @entity63 may be mediated by modulation of @entity53454 signaling pathways. This is the first study to show that @entity53454 is expressed in the immature brain and mediates preconditioning against @entity63 .

title: XXXX receptor activation protects the very immature brain from @entity63 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral ischemic injury']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic injury', 'hypoxic-ischemic (HI) injury', 'HI injury', 'ischemic']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain damage']

answer: @entity53454 :: (364594(Tax:10116),Gene) :: ['TLR-3']


abstract: A total of 165 consecutive @entity1 with @entity5990 were considered for laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Three were excluded. The median age was 52 years and 76 per cent were @entity1 . Eighteen @entity1 underwent urgent operation. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was successful in 160 of the 162 @entity1 (99 per cent). The two failures were the result of dense adhesions and stones in the bile duct. There were no deaths but major complications occurred in three @entity1 : fenestration of the colon sutured laparoscopically; bleeding from a cannulation site and subsequent laparotomy for a strangulated @entity547 ; and @entity3117 . There were 13 minor complications, but no bile duct injuries or @entity298 . The median postoperative hospital stay was 1 day. Bile duct stones were present in 14 @entity1 (9 per cent) and were removed by endoscopic sphincterotomy (11 @entity1 ), by laparoscopic exploration of the common duct (two) and by conversion to laparotomy (one). These results suggest that laparoscopic cholecystectomy is applicable to the large majority of @entity1 who require elective or urgent cholecystectomy, if appropriate radiological and endoscopic support is available.

title: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy as a routine procedure for XXXX : results of an 'all-comers' policy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3117 :: ('MESH:D013369', 'Disease') :: ['subphrenic abscess']

entities_list: @entity5990 :: ('MESH:D042882', 'Disease') :: ['gallstones']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['peritonitis']

answer: @entity5990 :: (MESH:D042882,Disease) :: ['gallstones']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: This study was designed to evaluate potential reversibility of @entity1002 in @entity1 with @entity2012 following long-term control of disease. It is unknown whether the cardiac changes induced by @entity2012 can be reversed completely by long-term strict control of @entity2124 excess by @entity2390 . @entity1 AND METHODS: We compared LV systolic and diastolic function in inactive @entity1 with @entity2012 (n = 22), who were divided into @entity1 with long-term control by @entity2390 (n = 14) and @entity1 with long-term cure by surgery/radiotherapy (n = 8). We also assessed these parameters in @entity1 with active @entity2012 (n = 17). RESULTS: In @entity1 with active @entity2012 , systolic function at rest was decreased by 18% (P < 0.01), LV mass index increased by 40% (P < 0.04) and isovolumetric relaxation time increased by 19% (P < 0.01), compared with @entity1 with inactive @entity2012 . These parameters were not different between well-controlled and cured @entity1 . Using tissue Doppler imaging, the ratio between early and late diastolic velocity (E'/A' ratio) was decreased in active, compared with inactive @entity2012 (0.75+/-0.07 versus 1.24+/-0.15; P < 0.01). This E'/A' ratio was considerably higher in cured, compared with @entity2390 -treated, @entity1 (1.75+/-0.41 versus 1.05+/-0.1; P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Diastolic function is persistently and significantly more impaired in acromegalic @entity1 with long-term control by @entity2390 than in surgically cured @entity1 , which points to biological effects of @entity854 in @entity2124 secretion. Criteria for strict biochemical control of @entity2012 should thus be reconsidered.

title: Persistent diastolic dysfunction despite successful long-term @entity2390 treatment in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2012 :: ('MESH:D000172', 'Disease') :: ['acromegaly']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['subtle abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity2390 :: ('MESH:D015282', 'Chemical') :: ['octreotide']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['left-ventricular (LV) dysfunction']

answer: @entity2012 :: (MESH:D000172,Disease) :: ['acromegaly']


abstract: BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Our previous study revealed the efficacy and safety of the @entity384 ( @entity21244 ) technique. However, there is insufficient objective data about the recurrence rate. The aim of this study was to compare the recurrence rate of common bile duct (CBD) stones between @entity1 treated with and without @entity21244 . METHODS: @entity1 with recurrent CBD stones treated between April 2006 and August 2010, and who had a history of endoscopic sphincterotomy (ES), were enrolled. @entity1 were excluded if they had a CBD diameter of less than 10 mm or if the diameter of their largest CBD stone was <10 mm. RESULTS: A total of 62 consecutive @entity1 were investigated. From April 2006 to November 2007, 32 @entity1 were treated without @entity21244 ( @entity21244 ; historical control). From December 2007 to August 2010, 30 @entity1 underwent @entity21244 ( @entity21244 group). The median follow-up times in the @entity21244 and non- @entity21244 groups were 517 and 1034 days (p < 0.001), respectively. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed a significantly lower incidence of recurrent CBD stones in the @entity21244 group than in the @entity21244 (p = 0.048). CONCLUSIONS: @entity21244 reduces the short-term recurrence of CBD stones in @entity1 with previous ES.

title: XXXX for the treatment of recurrent bile duct stones prevents short-term recurrence in @entity1 with previous endoscopic sphincterotomy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['large balloon dilation']

entities_list: @entity21244 :: ('MESH:D020192', 'Disease') :: ['non-LBD group', 'LBD']

answer: @entity384 :: (MESH:D002311,Disease) :: ['Large balloon dilation']


abstract: Ninety-two newly diagnosed @entity1 with @entity1583 treated with chemotherapy, and 47 @entity1 with @entity5 treated with abdominal-perineal resection were prospectively studied to assess the relationship between mood and survival. Hematology @entity1 were measured within one week of diagnosis and were remeasured at six months. @entity5 @entity1 were measured within three months of surgery and remeasured six months later. Medical records were abstracted to obtain data on treatment given, disease characteristics and outcome of treatment. On univariate analyses using Cox regression, we examined the effect of @entity308 , coping style and locus of control on survival. None of these variables were found to be significantly related to survival whether assessed at intake or six months later. Furthermore there were no statistically significant correlations between these factors and subsequent survival at two years or with long-term survival. Biological prognostic variables including extent of disease for @entity5 @entity1 and severity of specific type of @entity1583 were significantly related to survival. Although psychosocial adjustment is important for the quality of life experienced by @entity5 @entity1 it was not related to length of survival in this study. Further exploration of this issue should be conducted using @entity1 with a single site and preferrably an early stage of disease.

title: Psychosocial status at initiation of XXXX treatment and survival.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'rectal cancer', 'Rectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity1583 :: ('MESH:D019337', 'Disease') :: ['hematologic malignancies', 'hematologic cancer']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: Complex interactions between effector T cells and @entity3744 (+) regulatory T cells (Treg) contribute to clinical outcomes in @entity5 , and autoimmune and @entity166 . Previous work showed that IL-12 reversed Treg-mediated suppression of @entity1961 (+) @entity3744 (-) T cell (Tconv) proliferation. We and others have also shown that Tregs express T-bet and IFN-y at sites of @entity630 @entity32 and that IL-12 induces IFN-y production by Tregs in vitro. To investigate whether loss of immunosuppression occurs when IFN-y is expressed by Tregs we treated @entity19 lymphocyte cultures with IL-12. IFN-y expression did not decrease the ability of Tregs to suppress Tconv proliferation. Rather, IL-12 treatment decreased Treg frequency and @entity3744 levels in Tregs. We further showed that IL-12 increased @entity3783 expression on Tconv and CD8 T cells, diminished its expression on Tregs and decreased @entity2047 production by Tconv and CD8 T cells. Together, these IL-12 mediated changes favored the outgrowth of non-Tregs. Additionally, we showed that treatment with a second cytokine, @entity22385 , decreased @entity2047 expression without augmenting Tconv and CD8 T cell proliferation. Notably, @entity22385 only slightly modified levels of @entity3783 on non-Treg T cells. Together, these results show that IL-12 has multiple effects that modify the balance between Tregs and non-Tregs and support an important role for relative levels of @entity3783 but not for IFN-y expression in IL-12-mediated reversal of Treg immunosuppression.

title: Differential effects of IL-12 on Tregs and non-Treg T cells: roles of IFN-y, @entity2047 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['infectious diseases']

answer: @entity3783 :: (16184(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['IL-2R']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to evaluate whether the use of a new femoral nail, specifically designed to be inserted through the greater trochanter, could eliminate the complications previously seen with insertion of straight nails through this entry portal for the treatment of femoral shaft @entity174 . DESIGN: Prospective, clinical trial. SETTING: Three level I @entity130 centers. @entity1 : Sixty-one consecutive @entity1 with femoral shaft @entity174 (50 closed and 11 open @entity174 ) treated with antegrade nailing with insertion through the greater trochanter. INTERVENTION: All @entity1 were treated in the supine position with a TAN nail (Trigen System, Smith _ Nephew, Memphis, @entity7443 ) inserted through the greater trochanter. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Union, alignment, complications, and hip function. RESULTS: Forty-six of 57 (81%) surviving @entity1 were available for follow-up at a minimum of 12 (range, 12-25) months. Union occurred in all but 1 @entity174 after the index procedure. No @entity1 sustained iatrogenic @entity174 comminution, and there were no angular malunions. @entity158 was reported as slight in 6 @entity1 and moderate in 2. Visual and videotaped gate analysis, performed on 24 @entity1 , revealed symmetrical walking in 21. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that antegrade nailing of femoral shaft @entity174 with a specially designed nail inserted through a trochanteric starting point provides predictably high union rates and low rates of complications. Ease of entry and utility in @entity1 with a large body habitus are advantages over conventional piriformis fossa entry techniques. Nailing through the greater trochanter with the @entity1 supine is presently our treatment of choice for @entity1 with femoral shaft @entity174 .

title: Trochanteric nail insertion for the treatment of femoral shaft XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'fracture']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['fractures']


abstract: BACKGROUND: PTCA of an @entity4798 is associated with a high rate of @entity432 . Recent studies have shown that coronary stenting in @entity1 with stable or unstable @entity951 is associated with a significant reduction in the restenosis rate compared with conventional balloon angioplasty. However, no information is available concerning the long-term effect of coronary stenting at @entity4798 compared with balloon angioplasty alone. METHODS AND RESULTS: One hundred consecutive @entity1 undergoing stent implantation at an @entity4798 and systematic 6-month angiographic follow-up were matched for major pre-PTCA clinical and angiographic variables with a group of @entity1 undergoing conventional angioplasty. Preprocedural, postprocedural, and 6-month follow-up angiograms were analyzed with quantitative angiography. Coronary stenting was performed as a bailout procedure after failed balloon angioplasty in 20%, for a suboptimal result after balloon angioplasty in 71%, and electively in 9%. Stent implantation was associated with a higher @entity697 . At follow-up, the minimal lumen diameter was significantly (P<.0001) larger in the stent group (1.72+/-0.69 versus 1.23+/-0.72 mm). @entity256 (>50% DS at follow-up) occurred in 27% of the stent group versus 52% of the balloon group (P<.005). At follow-up, total @entity432 at the dilated site occurred in 1% of the stent group versus 14% of the balloon group (P<.005). CONCLUSIONS: Coronary stenting of @entity4798 is associated with a highly beneficial effect on 6-month angiographic outcome compared with balloon angioplasty alone. Further studies are needed to establish whether the beneficial effect of coronary stenting on long-term vessel patency is associated with an improvement in left ventricular function or in clinical outcome.

title: Effects of coronary stenting on restenosis and @entity432 after angioplasty of the culprit vessel in XXXX with recent myocardial infarction.

entities_list: @entity4798 :: ('MESH:D020520', 'Disease') :: ['infarct-related lesion', 'infarct-related lesions']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute gain than balloon angioplasty']

entities_list: @entity256 :: ('MESH:D023903', 'Disease') :: ['Restenosis']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['occlusion', 'restenosis and/or vessel occlusion']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the distribution of different alpha- and beta-type connexins (Cx) present in the dual layered ciliary body epithelia (CBE) of both @entity95 and @entity35 . METHODS: Immunocytochemical detection of @entity26830 , @entity37639 , @entity1006 , and Cx50 was performed on frozen sections of @entity95 and @entity35 ciliary body using indirect immunofluorescent methods. The identity of the antigens recognized by the monoclonal primary antibodies was further confirmed by Western immunoblots. Double labeling experiments based on either conventional or confocal microscopy were carried out to establish the exact spatial relationship between different connexins. RESULTS: Connexin 50 was found only in the @entity7944 ( @entity7944 ) at apical and basolateral membranes, whereas @entity1006 was observed exclusively and at a very high concentration in the @entity15999 ( @entity15999 ), primarily in the apical cell membrane, with minimal extension to the proximal lateral zone. The correct antigenicity of the antibodies was confirmed by Western blots of @entity95 ciliary body membranes. In @entity95 , the @entity26830 antibody detected an antigen that was abundant in the @entity7944 and was weakly expressed in the @entity15999 . In @entity35 , however, the @entity26830 staining was confined to capillary wall endothelia. Western blots of ciliary body and liver membranes and liver immunohistology indicated that the @entity26830 antibody used does not recognize @entity95 @entity26830 . @entity37639 did not yield any substantial epithelial labeling in either species. CONCLUSIONS: The distribution of Cx50 around the entire @entity7944 cell perimeter suggests its involvement in @entity7944 - @entity7944 cell homotypic gap junctions. The concentration of @entity1006 and Cx50 at the apical membranes of the @entity15999 and @entity7944 cells, respectively, and their complete absence from the opposite cell suggest that these connexins may participate in the formation of heterotypic gap junctions, either with each other or with other yet unidentified connexins.

title: Connexin distribution in the XXXX and @entity35 ciliary body. A case for heterotypic epithelial gap junctions.

entities_list: @entity15999 :: ('MESH:C565530', 'Disease') :: ['PE', 'pigmented epithelium']

entities_list: @entity7944 :: ('MESH:C536309', 'Disease') :: ['NPE', 'nonpigmented epithelium']

answer: @entity95 :: (9986,Species) :: ['rabbit']


abstract: Retrograde @entity1580 (RTAD) is a life-threatening and underestimated complication of endovascular stent graft placement for type B dissection. Here, we retrospectively investigated our experience of surgical treatment for RTAD after endovascular stent graft placement for type B dissection. Between June 2006 and September 2011, nine @entity1 with RTAD were transferred to our department for surgery. Total arch replacement was performed in six @entity1 and three @entity1 underwent subtotal arch replacement. Associated procedures consisted of ascending aorta replacement in nine @entity1 , coronary artery bypass grafting in one @entity1 and aortic valve plasty in two @entity1 . All operations were performed under deep hypothermic @entity1167 and selective antegrade cerebral perfusion. Cardiopulmonary bypass time was 158.33    29.18 min. The myocardial ischaemic time was 78.11    28.30 min. The antegrade cerebral perfusion time was 38.67    12.34 min. The mean ventilation time was 45.63    24.74 h. A tracheotomy was necessary in one @entity1 . The ICU time was 7.00    6.80 days and the in-hospital duration was 25.33    11.95 days. There was no in-hospital mortality. The mean follow-up was 34.79    19.37 months and eight @entity1 are still alive. One @entity1 was lost to follow-up. Surgical treatment for RTAD is a safe alternative and the results are encouraging.

title: Surgical treatment for retrograde XXXX after endovascular stent graft placement for type B dissection.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1580 :: ('MESH:C562834', 'Disease') :: ['type A aortic dissection']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['circulatory arrest']

answer: @entity1580 :: (MESH:C562834,Disease) :: ['type A aortic dissection']


abstract: The @entity19 local lymph node assay (LLNA) is a method for the prospective identification of skin sensitizing chemicals. Proliferative responses induced in lymph nodes draining the site of topical application of the test chemical are measured and those chemicals that induce a stimulation index of three or more compared with concurrent vehicle-treated controls are considered to have the potential to cause @entity272 . Dose-response data from the LLNA may be used to derive an estimate of relative skin sensitizing potency, based upon derivation of the concentration of chemical required to cause a stimulation index of 3 (EC3 value) as calculated by linear interpolation. The purpose of the present investigations was to examine the stability of LLNA responses and the consistency of derived EC3 values induced by the contact allergen @entity7227 ( @entity10155 ). Analyses were conducted once a month over a 4-month period in each of two independent laboratories. In all assays, and in both laboratories, @entity10155 elicited a positive response. Although some minor differences in responses between and within laboratories were observed, the derived EC3 values were generally very consistent. In Laboratory 1, EC3 values varied between 0.06 and 0.09% @entity10155 , whereas in Laboratory 2 the range was 0.09-0.20%. These EC3 values are consistent with clinical experience of this material insofar as it is a common and relatively potent cause of @entity3408 in @entity1 . Taken together, these data confirm the stability of LLNA responses both with time and between laboratories and provide additional support for the use of derived EC3 values in the assessment of relative skin sensitizing potency.

title: Local lymph node assay responses to XXXX : intra- and inter-laboratory evaluations.

entities_list: @entity3408 :: ('MESH:D017449', 'Disease') :: ['allergic contact dermatitis']

entities_list: @entity7227 :: ('MESH:C029728', 'Chemical') :: ['paraphenylenediamine']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin sensitization']

answer: @entity7227 :: (MESH:C029728,Chemical) :: ['paraphenylenediamine']


abstract: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a novel technique that enables noninvasive cross-sectional imaging of biological tissues. Because of its high resolution (approximately 10 microm), superior dynamic range (140 dB in our case) and up to 2-3 mm penetration depth, OCT is potentially useful for noninvasive screening of superficial lesions. @entity150 arises within the transitional epithelium. Despite the ability to visualize the epithelium via cystoscopy, it is often difficult to detect early @entity5 and to determine their penetration to the underlying layers. To investigate the potential of OCT to enhance imaging of @entity150 and other epithelial lesions, we applied OCT to normal and diseased bladder epithelium, and correlated the results with histological findings. OCT images of porcine bladder (a close homolog of @entity1 bladder) confirm the ability of this method to image @entity1 tissues. To determine whether OCT can track the course of @entity150 , a standard @entity35 model of @entity150 in which Fisher @entity35 are exposed to @entity7044 ( @entity7045 ), was followed both with OCT and histological studies. Our results show that the micro morphology of porcine bladder such as the urothelium, submucosa and muscles is identified by OCT and well correlated with the histological evaluations. OCT detected @entity4 , inflammatory infiltrates, and @entity1503 as well as the abnormal growth of urothelium (e.g., @entity1377 ). By contrast, surface imaging, which resembles cystoscopy, provided far less sensitivity and resolution than OCT. This is the first OCT study of any @entity5 documented in a systematic fashion, and the results suggest the potential of OCT for the noninvasive diagnosis of both @entity1494 and early @entity854 , which conventional cystoscopy often misses, by imaging characterization of the increases in urothelial thickening and backscattering. However, because of the depth limitation, OCT may have limited applications in staging the invasion of @entity5 , especially for @entity1377 .

title: Detection of tumorigenesis in XXXX bladders with optical coherence tomography.

entities_list: @entity1377 :: ('MESH:D002291', 'Disease') :: ['papillary hyperplasia and carcinomas', 'papillary carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bladder inflammatory lesions']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['epithelial cancers', 'tumor', 'higher-state urothelial cancers']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['submucosal blood congestion']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['urothelial abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['Bladder cancer', 'bladder cancers', 'bladder cancer']

entities_list: @entity7044 :: ('MESH:D008770', 'Chemical') :: ['methyl-nitroso-urea']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy is administered to @entity1 with @entity418 with the belief that this will both downstage the @entity5 and improve survival. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) is currently the most accurate method of staging @entity418 for @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and lymph node (N) status. Because both EUS and neoadjuvant therapy for @entity418 are relatively new, there are few data examining the relationship between EUS stage and histological stage (the stage after resection) in @entity1 receiving neoadjuvant therapy. METHODS: To determine the effect of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy on @entity5 and N stage as determined by EUS, we retrospectively compared two groups of @entity1 with @entity418 staged by EUS. One group (33 @entity1 ) underwent neoadjuvant therapy (Walsh protocol: @entity1487 , @entity900 , and 4000 rads of external beam radiation) followed by resection. The second group (22 @entity1 ), a control group, underwent resection without neoadjuvant therapy. We then compared histological stage to determine if there was a downstaging in the @entity1 receiving neoadjuvant therapy. Survival was evaluated as well. RESULTS: EUS accurately predicted histologic stage. In the control group EUS overestimated @entity5 stage in 3 of 22 (13%), underestimated N stage in 2 of 22 (9%), and overestimated N stage in 2 of 22 (9%) of @entity1 . Preoperative radiochemotherapy downstaged (preoperative EUS stage versus pathologic specimen) 12 of 33 (36%) of @entity1 whereas only 1 of 22 (5%) of @entity1 in the control group was downstaged. Complete response (no @entity5 found in the surgical specimen) was observed in 5 of 33 (15%) of @entity1 receiving radiochemotherapy. Survival was prolonged significantly in @entity1 receiving radiochemotherapy: 20.6 months versus 9.6 months for those (stage II or III) @entity1 not receiving radiochemotherapy (P <0.01). Operative time, operative @entity190 , and length of stay were not significantly different between groups. Perioperative mortality was higher in the radiochemotherapy group (13%) compared with the no radiochemotherapy group (5%) but did not achieve statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS: EUS accurately stages @entity418 . Neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy downstages @entity418 for @entity5 and N status. In our nonrandomized study, neoadjuvant therapy conferred a significant survival advantage. Operative risk appears to be increased in @entity1 receiving neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy prior to esophagectomy.

title: Does neoadjuvant XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity418 :: ('MESH:D004938', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal cancer', 'esophageal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['5-fluorouracil']

answer: @entity418 :: (MESH:D004938,Disease) :: ['chemoradiation downstage esophageal carcinoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the use of @entity1 -performed peak expiratory flow (PEFR) and symptom monitoring as @entity565 self-management tools initiated from community pharmacies. DESIGN AND SETTING: 110 @entity1 over 6 years of age were recruited from five private-sector community pharmacies. @entity1 were identified from pharmacist recall as having ' @entity565 '. Information on the frequency of their @entity565 symptoms, medication use, level of physical activity, school or work attendance and lung function was obtained using a questionnaire to classify @entity1 as either mild, moderate or severe. Each @entity1 was alternately assigned to either the symptom or PEFR monitoring procedure in the order they were recruited. @entity1 performing symptom monitoring used a visual analogue scale to assess symptoms, whereas those in the PEFR monitoring group assessed symptoms and used a pocket-size peak flow meter to measure lung function. Both self-monitoring groups were required to adhere to an individualized management plan based on guideline recommendations and to record their monitored data in a diary card for 2 months. Data from the diary cards were reviewed, collated, transcribed and analysed using the Student t and Mann-Whitney tests. OUTCOME MEASURES: The average monthly frequency of appropriate @entity1 responses determined from their adherence to the self-management plan was used to compare the usefulness of symptom and PEFR self-monitoring. In particular, appropriate use of medication and need for medical consultation was compared. RESULTS: 21 symptom and 40 PEFR-assigned @entity1 completed 2 months' monitoring. The average monthly frequency of appropriate responses in @entity1 using PEFR (0.76) was significantly higher than that of @entity1 using symptom monitoring (0.53, P < 0.006). @entity1 applying symptom monitoring had a higher monthly frequency (0.39) of inappropriate medication use compared to the PEFR group (0.14). Furthermore, the @entity1 ' mean daily symptom scores (2.85) were significantly lower than that estimated by the researcher (4.12, P < 0.03). For all three @entity565 severity groups a higher monthly average of appropriate responses was observed in @entity1 using PEFR monitoring compared to those who used symptom monitoring. CONCLUSION: PEFR self-monitoring proved to be a more useful @entity565 tool than symptom self-monitoring. @entity1 applying symptom monitoring tend to underestimate the severity of their condition and use medication inappropriately. Active involvement of community pharmacists in facilitating and reinforcing out- @entity1 self-monitoring would help to optimize @entity565 management.

title: Peak expiratory flow rate and symptom self-monitoring of XXXX initiated from community pharmacies.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patients']

answer: @entity565 :: (MESH:D001249,Disease) :: ['asthma']


abstract: A case of @entity4607 associated with @entity882 is reported. A 70-year-old @entity1 was referred to our hospital because of @entity788 . Hematological examination disclosed @entity882 and elevated serum CA19-9 and Span-1 levels. In addition to typical findings of @entity3123 , a solid mass was observed in the spleen by imaging procedures. On ultrasonography, the splenic mass was well demarcated and slightly hypoechoic. Computed tomography demonstrated a homogeneous low-density mass 5 cm in diameter. On T1- and T2-weighted magnetic resonance images, the splenic mass was demonstrated as low intensity and high intensity, respectively. On selective angiography, the @entity5 was hypervascular. Distal pancreatectomy plus splenectomy was performed. Microscopically, the @entity5 consisted of red pulp tissue and was diagnosed as @entity4607 .

title: @entity4607 associated with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3123 :: ('MESH:C562463', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma of the body of the pancreas']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'splenic tumor']

entities_list: @entity4607 :: ('MESH:D006222', 'Disease') :: ['splenic hamartoma']

answer: @entity882 :: (MESH:D013921,Disease) :: ['thrombocytopenia']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We performed a retrospective analysis of first relapses after @entity900 -based chemotherapy in @entity1 with @entity2971 , in order to better define the appropriate follow-up. METHODS: These @entity1 were treated between 1986 and 1998 in two institutions. They were either followed after first-line chemotherapy at the same center or referred for relapse. RESULTS: Ninety-six @entity1 relapsed (17.5% of the total number of @entity1 treated in the same time period). Thirty-five (36.4%) patients had serum @entity5 marker levels ( @entity160 , @entity3566 and LDH) normal values. Sites of relapse were: abdominal in 47 (49%) @entity1 , thoracic in 17 (17.7%), thoraco-abdominal in 15 (15.6%), and brain in 8 (8.3). Seven (7.3%) @entity1 had elevated markers only, 1 (1%) had isolated supra-clavicular lymph node, 1 (1%) had bone @entity3 only. Eighty-two @entity1 (85%) relapsed during the first 18 months of follow-up. All @entity1 with brain metastases at relapse and those who obtained sCR after chemotherapy relapsed within 8 months of follow-up. Sixteen @entity1 underwent resection of growing @entity44 . CONCLUSIONS: These results allow to recommend extensive follow-up during the first two years after response to first line treatment. It includes marker level determination and whole body CT scan and less intensive work-up there after.

title: Pattern of relapse after first line treatment of advanced stage germ-cell XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2971 :: ('MESH:D009373', 'Disease') :: ['advanced germ-cell tumors']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity44 :: ('MESH:D013724', 'Disease') :: ['teratoma']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumors']


abstract: This retrospective study investigated the effect of modifications presented in the seventh edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) Manual for staging @entity418 on the characterization of the effectiveness of post-operative chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy, as measured by overall and disease-free survival. The seventh edition of the AJCC Manual classifies the number of lymph nodes (N) positive for regional metastasis into three subclasses. We used the AJCC classification system to characterize the @entity5 of 413 Chinese @entity1 with @entity418 who underwent radical resection plus regional lymph node dissection over a 10-year period. The 10-year survival rate was 14.3% for stage N1 @entity1 and 6.1% for stage N2 @entity1 . Only one stage N3 @entity1 was followed >4 years (53.4 months). The 10-year disease-free rate was 13.6% for stage N1 @entity1 . @entity1 with stage N2 or N3 @entity5 were more likely to have @entity5 recurrences, @entity3 or @entity204 than @entity1 with stage N1 @entity5 . Post-operative radiotherapy provided no survival benefit, and may have had a negative effect on survival. In this study, the N stage of @entity418 was an independent factor affecting overall and disease-free survival. Our results did not clarify whether or not radiotherapy after radical esophagectomy offers any survival benefit to @entity1 with @entity418 .

title: Impact of XXXX staging on overall survival and disease-free survival based on the 2010 AJCC classification by lymph nodes.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancers', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity418 :: ('MESH:D004938', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

answer: @entity418 :: (MESH:D004938,Disease) :: ['esophageal cancer']


abstract: In 24h studies of bone marrow (BM), circadian stage-dependent variations were demonstrated in the proliferative activity of BM cells from subsets of 35 healthy diurnally active @entity1 . On an average, the percentage of total BM cells in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthesis phase was 188% greater at midday than at midnight (circadian rhythm: p = 0.018; acrophase or peak time of 13: 16h). @entity1 with @entity5 (n = 15) and a normal @entity701 circadian rhythm showed higher fractions of BM cells in S-phase at midday. Colony-forming units--granulocyte/macrophage (CFU-GM), an indicator of myeloid progenitor cells, showed the same circadian variation as DNA S-phase (average range of change or ROC = 136%; circadian rhythm: p < 0.001; acrophase of 12:09h). @entity3141 S-phase and CFU-GM in BM both showed a circannual rhythm (p = 0.015 and 0.008) with an identical acrophase of August 12. The daily peak in BM @entity2041 content, a tripeptide involved in cellular defense against cytotoxic damage, preceded BM proliferative peaks by 4-5 h (ROC = 31-90%; circadian rhythm: p = 0.05; acrophase of 08:30h). Myeloid (ROC = 57%; circadian rhythm: p = 0.056; acrophase at 08:40h) and erythroid (ROC = 26%; circadian rhythm: p = 0.01; acrophase of 13:01h) precursor cells were positively correlated (r = 0.41; p < 0.001), indicating a circadian temporal relationship and equal influence on S-phase of total BM cells. Yield of positive selected CD34+ progenitor stem cells also showed significant circadian variation (ROC = 595%; circadian rhythm: p = 0.02; acrophase of 12:40h). Thus, the temporal synchrony in cell cycling renders BM cells more sensitive at specific times to hematopoietic growth factors and cell cycle-specific cytotoxic drugs. Moreover, proper timing of BM harvesting may improve progenitor cell yield. When using marker rhythms in the blood to allow for individualized timing of BM procedures, the times of low values in white blood corpuscles, neutrophils, and lymphocytes and high values in @entity701 were predictive of the times of highest BM erythroid, myeloid, and total S-phase numbers occurring in the following 12 h.

title: Rhythms in XXXX bone marrow and blood cells.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity3141 :: ('CHEBI:16991', 'Chemical') :: ['Deoxyribonucleic acid']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant disease']

entities_list: @entity2041 :: ('MESH:D005978', 'Chemical') :: ['glutathione']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: Three major types of @entity2730 , i.e. selective deficit of memory formation without disturbance of immediate memory have been recognized clinically. The hippocampal type is characterized by relatively short @entity5186 and preserved insight into his own amnesic trouble. Persistent @entity2730 is always associated with bilateral lesion. The diencephalon type usually shows @entity5186 and poor insight. @entity75 is usually modal in deficit, i.e. verbal in the left and non-verbal in the right, and lacks clear evidence of @entity5186 . Responsible locus within the thalamus is still controversial. Our experience point to the mammilothalamic tract. The basal forebrain type is characterized by disorganized and confused recollection of the memorized items. Cued recall is fair compared to @entity2414 . Two special types of @entity2730 , i.e. transient global @entity2730 and isolated focal @entity5186 are also important clinical entities, although their etiologies and responsible lesions are not clear yet.

title: [Clinical types of XXXX and their diagnosis].

entities_list: @entity5186 :: ('MESH:D000648', 'Disease') :: ['retrograde amnesia', 'longer retrograde amnesia']

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['voluntary recall']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['Unilateral lesion']

entities_list: @entity2730 :: ('MESH:D000647', 'Disease') :: ['amnesia', 'amnesic syndrome']

answer: @entity2414 :: (MESH:D008569,Disease) :: ['memory disorders']


abstract: The Goseki system is a new @entity356 classification system that classifies @entity356 as grade I (intestinal type), grade II (mucinous type), grade III (mucin-poor, diffuse infiltrating type), and grade IV (signet ring cell type). The main advantage of the Goseki classification may be to separate these distinct entities into different groups. @entity5822 is not observed in normal gastric mucosa but can be detected in chronically inflamed gastric mucosa and coexists with @entity1944 . @entity2225 can be observed in the superficial foveolar epithelium and mature goblet cells. The aim of this study was to examine the cytokeratin expression profiles in @entity356 that are classified according to both the Goseki and Lauren systems. @entity5822 , @entity10585 , @entity4166 , and @entity2225 were applied to the paraffin sections of 66 @entity356 cases. The cytokeratin expression patterns were grouped as @entity2225 +/ @entity5822 +, @entity2225 +/ @entity5822 -, @entity2225 -/ @entity5822 +, or @entity2225 -/ @entity5822 -. The results were examined statistically. @entity2225 immunoreactivity was observed in 18%, 24%, and 31% of grade I, III, and IV cases, respectively. The @entity2225 +/ @entity5822 - pattern was observed in 20% of the grade IV and 66.7% of the grade II @entity189 and was not observed in grade I or grade III @entity5 (P<0.0001). Goseki grade III and IV @entity189 originate from superficial gastric mucosa, but @entity5 are poorly differentiated. @entity189 have a specific immunophenotype other than intestinal-type @entity356 . The Goseki classification seems to be superior in identifying poorly and well-differentiated forms of diffuse infiltrating @entity189 and @entity189 .

title: Cytokeratin expression patterns of XXXX according to Lauren and Goseki classification.

entities_list: @entity1944 :: ('MESH:D007410', 'Disease') :: ['incomplete intestinal metaplasia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['grade III carcinomas', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomas', 'mucinous carcinomas', 'Goseki grade II carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric tumors', 'gastric carcinoma', 'gastric carcinomas']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['gastric carcinomas']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Accurate @entity5 grading on prostate biopsy represents the mainstay for therapy planning. Biopsy undergrading is a persistent diagnostic dilemma with therapeutic relevance. We questioned whether Gleason grading combined with an established alternative grading system incorporating cytological parameters improves grading accuracy. METHODS: Needle biopsies of 968 @entity1 and the corresponding radical prostatectomy specimens were graded according to the Gleason grading system. In addition, all biopsies were graded according to the histo- and cytological grading system of Helpap. Biopsy Gleason grade, as well as the combined Gleason/Helpap grade, was compared with the final Gleason score and the pathological @entity5 -stage of the corresponding radical prostatectomy. RESULTS: In biopsy Gleason score 6 @entity5 , an upgrading was seen in 76.0% of the @entity1 (98/129), and 30.2% of them (39/129) showed non-organ confined disease. In combined biopsy Gleason 6/Helpap 2a @entity1 , a final Gleason score of 6 was found in 22 out of 24 @entity1 (91.7%, P<0.0001), and all 24 @entity1 showed organ-confined disease (pT2a). In biopsy Gleason 6/Helpap 2b @entity5 , a final Gleason score of 6 was found in just 9 out of 105 @entity1 (8.6%), and the rate of organ-confined disease decreased to 62.8% (66/105, P=0.0001). In higher Gleason grades, combined biopsy grading failed to show a diagnostic benefit over sole Gleason grading. CONCLUSION: Combined biopsy Gleason/Helpap grading improves the identification of low-grade/ @entity5 and might contribute to more precise therapy planning in @entity263 management.

title: Combined histoarchitectural and cytological biopsy grading improves grading accuracy in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancers', 'low-stage cancers']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['low-grade prostate cancer']


abstract: Food antigens transferred into breast milk sometimes cause an @entity56 in exclusively breast-fed @entity1 . This study will show whether the intake of a whey hydrolysate formula for lactating @entity1 (MOM HA) can reduce the appearance of food antigens in breast milk. Lactating @entity1 in the MOM group (n = 12) consumed MOM HA as a substitute for @entity291 's milk and those in the @entity291 group (n = 13) consumed @entity291 's milk for more than 4 months. After the ingestion of 200 mL of MOM HA and @entity291 's milk by the @entity1 in the MOM and @entity291 groups, respectively, the first breast milk samples were obtained and beta-lactoglobulin was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The number of subjects with detectable beta-lactoglobulin (> 0.1 ng/mL) in the MOM group was two (17%), which was significantly less than that in the @entity291 group (11 subjects, 85%, p < 0.01). The level of beta-lactoglobulin was also lower in the MOM group than the @entity291 group (p < 0.01). Subsequently, the @entity1 in the MOM group consumed @entity291 's milk and those in the @entity291 group consumed MOM HA for one week; then a second sampling was performed. beta-Lactoglobulin was detected in three (25%) and 8 subjects (62%) in the MOM and @entity291 groups, respectively. The level of beta-lactoglobulin was still lower in the MOM group (p < 0.05). The consumption of whey hydrolysate formula by lactating @entity1 over a considerable time reduces the transfer of beta-lactoglobulin into their breast milk, and the low level can be maintained even after inadvertent ingestion of @entity291 's milk.

title: Long-term consumption of whey hydrolysate formula by lactating XXXX reduces the transfer of beta-lactoglobulin into @entity1 milk.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic reaction']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: The @entity1 @entity5 associated @entity5 antigen @entity10224 is a glycoprotein with high molecular weight. The determination of this antigen has been proven to be useful in the monitoring of @entity1 with @entity43 . OPUS OV, the @entity5 marker assay for the @entity43 antigen @entity10224 is an ELISA that was developed for the family of fully automated random-access analyzers, OPUS, OPUS Plus and OPUS I Magnum. The assay uses a double monoclonal sandwich format (antibodies B27.1 and B43.13, Biomira/Canada). The first antibody is immobilized on the solid phase of the OPUS modules. Sample is automatically added and incubated for 5 minutes. The addition of a solution of the second antibody conjugated to the enzyme alkaline phosphatase leads to the formation of a sandwich complex within 5 minutes. The last step, the addition of the fluorogenic substrate @entity55579 , serves both as washing procedure and for the development of the fluorescence signal (kinetic measurement). OPUS OV has an assay range from 0-1000 kU/L with a detection limit of 5 kU/L. Within run cv's are 6-8%. A good correlation was found to commercially available kits for the determination of @entity10224 . We conclude that this new OPUS OV assay is a valid alternative for use in the routine determination of the @entity5 associated antigen @entity10224 and allows more reliable determinations in terms of random access, speed, and ease of operation.

title: A new XXXX marker assay for @entity43 on the OPUS immunoassay system.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity55579 :: ('MESH:C005359', 'Chemical') :: ['4-methylumbelliferyl phosphate']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumour']


abstract: Implantation of intracoronary stents has been rapidly increasing in the last few years, especially after a @entity256 has been shown. The main limitation in the use of coronary endoprosthesis is still represented by acute and subacute @entity715 . In order to limit this dangerous complication a very strong coagulant regimen, which has been improved since 1993-94, was initially recommended. We report our experience with @entity1 who underwent a stent implantation comparing two therapeutic regimens with or without oral coagulants associated with antiplatelet agents. During 700 consecutive coronary angioplasties 128 Palamatz-Schatz and Wiktor stents have been implanted in 118 patents (16.9%). After stent implantation, 33 @entity1 underwent a traditional anticoagulant therapy with heparin followed by oral anticoagulants for 3 months. They were also treated with @entity1396 250 mg/die started 2 days before the procedure and then kept at least one month (group A). Eighty-five @entity1 were treated only with antiplatelet therapy ( @entity1396 500 mg/die) started 2 days before implantation (group B). These two groups of @entity1 were similar in age, sex, type and number of treated vessels and in diameter of the vessel with stent implantation. Subacute @entity715 rate was not significantly different between groups (3 vs 2.3%, NS). The predictive factors of @entity715 were @entity583 and implantation of multiple stents. No significant differences were found between @entity715 of the stents implanted in bail-out conditions compared to the elective ones. @entity1396 started 2 days before stent implantation seems to be sufficient to limit @entity715 rate; moreover it allows a @entity548 and hospitalization period.

title: [Evolution in coronary stenting: use of XXXX with and without oral anticoagulants].

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['acute myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity1396 :: ('MESH:D013988', 'Chemical') :: ['ticlopidine', 'Ticlopidine']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['reduction of the hemorrhagic complications']

entities_list: @entity256 :: ('MESH:D023903', 'Disease') :: ['reduction of restenosis']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

answer: @entity1396 :: (MESH:D013988,Chemical) :: ['ticlopidine']


abstract: We have reported on the clinical courses of 4 cases of adult @entity5125 (Lm) infection, and the autopsy findings of 2 cases, those we have observed over the past 5 years. They were 2 cases of @entity693 , 1 case of @entity693 and @entity295 and 1 case of @entity295 . These 4 cases had @entity1860 , @entity5 , @entity1252 and post-renal transplant condition, as their underlying diseases, and all were receiving immunosuppressive therapy. One @entity693 @entity1 who recovered showed mild @entity409 during her clinical course. The other 3 @entity1 who died had @entity1087 at the time of onset and severe @entity409 . The 2 cases those were autopsied were the @entity295 cases. The one with an acute course and @entity1578 showed multiple miliary @entity39 foci in the liver, where the presence of Lm in the cells could be verified. The other autopsy case, which had received adequate antibiotic therapy and the @entity5124 had been cured, showed no @entity39 foci in the liver. The case that had @entity39 foci in the liver was the first such adult case in Japan. We have discussed the hepatic @entity5124 in adult compromised hosts, which conventionally has not been considered a serious problem.

title: [Four cases of adult @entity5125 infection in the last 5 years--hepatic XXXX foci in the adult septic case].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrotic']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplastic angioendotheliosis']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity5125 :: ('1639', 'Species') :: ['Listeria monocytogenes']

entities_list: @entity693 :: ('MESH:D008581', 'Disease') :: ['meningitis']

entities_list: @entity1578 :: ('MESH:D017093', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic failure']

entities_list: @entity5124 :: ('MESH:D008088', 'Disease') :: ['Lm infection']

answer: @entity39 :: (MESH:D009336,Disease) :: ['necrotic']


abstract: This study examined the relation between synthesis, atrial storage, and plasma levels of @entity12579 (ANP), and it examined plasma ANP levels and hemodynamic output in response to volume expansion in a @entity35 model of @entity583 and failure. Arterial ANP concentrations did not correlate linearly with @entity1188 size, but they did show an abrupt increase when @entity1188 size exceeded 30% of the left ventricle, similar to the abrupt increase of left ventricular end-diastolic pressure with @entity1188 size greater than 30%. Consequently, a close relation was found between plasma ANP levels and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (n = 23, r = 0.89, p less than 0.001). Atrial ANP content per gram of tissue but not ANP content per pair of atria was reduced in @entity35 with large @entity1188 (greater than 40%, p less than 0.05 vs. control animals). ANP mRNA level per pair of atria (related to total atrial RNA), determined by liquid hybridization (controlled by northern blot analysis), was increased by 38% in infarcted @entity35 (p less than 0.05 vs. controls), but the ratio of atrial ANP mRNA relative to atrial @entity4644 mRNA levels was not increased. Right and left ventricular ANP mRNA level increased by 90% and 380%, respectively, far exceeding the concomitant increase in @entity4644 mRNA (+26% in the left ventricle). Plasma ANP increased with volume loading in controls and @entity35 with moderate @entity1188 but not in @entity35 with large @entity1188 despite a similar increase in right atrial pressure (compared with control animals); thus, the relation of delta ANP/delta right atrial pressure exerted by volume loading decreased in @entity35 with large @entity1188 . Similarly, the response of cardiac output and renal blood flow (determined by radioactive microspheres) to volume loading was attenuated in @entity35 with large @entity1188 . Thus, in this model of @entity712 , the activation of the ANP system is closely coupled with the increase in intracardiac pressures without correlating linearly to the extent of @entity296 . Second, in severe @entity712 , additional stimulation such as volume loading may elicit only an attenuated ANP secretion response, for example, due to saturation of the ANP receptor sensing system or to a limited transformation rate of pro-ANP. Third, the increase in atrial ANP synthesis and the increase in atrial ANP gene expression seems limited; however, substantial specific ANP gene expression occurs in the ventricles, which, in turn, may contribute to increased plasma ANP levels in @entity712 .

title: @entity12579 in a XXXX model of @entity712 . Atrial and ventricular mRNA, atrial content, plasma levels, and effect of volume loading.

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['chronic cardiac failure', 'cardiac failure', 'chronic heart failure']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial loss']

entities_list: @entity12579 :: ('24602(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['atrial natriuretic peptide']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarcts', 'infarct']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: We reviewed 32 tibial shaft @entity174 in 31 @entity1 treated with sequential intramedullary nailing after primary external fixation. There were 30 open @entity174 and 2 closed @entity130 with severe @entity130 requiring fasciotomy. Fifty per cent of the @entity174 were classified as Gustilo type III A and B @entity130 . The mean external fixation treatment averaged 6.6 weeks, and secondary intramedullary nailing was done on average 7.4 weeks after injury. In 50% of the @entity174 , secondary nailing was done at the same procedure as removal of the external fixation. Overall, the incidence of @entity4034 and non-union was 3.1% each and of malunion 19%. The time to full weight-bearing averaged 31.2 weeks. The results were separately analyzed according to Gustilo types and subtypes. In the Gustilo type III B @entity130 , the incidence of @entity4034 and non-union was 11%, while malunion occurred in 33%. The time to full weight-bearing averaged 53 weeks. These results support the conclusion that this treatment modality is a valid alternative to other treatment options. However, previous @entity281 should be regarded as a contraindication for secondary nailing.

title: Sequential intramedullary nailing of open tibial shaft XXXX after external fixation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures']

entities_list: @entity4034 :: ('MESH:D010019', 'Disease') :: ['osteomyelitis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['pintract infections']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['blunt trauma', 'injuries']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['fractures']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine longitudinal predictors of incident and persistent @entity998 ( @entity998 ) in older @entity1 . DESIGN: Longitudinal study. SETTING: Clinical research center based at a university hospital. @entity1 : One thousand two hundred eighty-two community-dwelling @entity1 aged 70 to 85. MEASUREMENTS: @entity998 at baseline and after 3 years of follow-up; a range of baseline demographic and clinical variables, including mobility, balance, and @entity308 . RESULTS: @entity998 was present in 418 subjects (33%) at baseline, developed in 30% of @entity1 who had been free of the symptom at baseline, and was reported by a total of 46% of the sample after 3 years of follow-up. In cross-sectional multivariable analysis, baseline @entity998 was independently associated with a range of variables, including living alone, @entity28 , @entity73 , @entity308 , and impairments in balance and mobility. Baseline predictors of @entity998 that persisted after 3 years were similar, whereas @entity28 and slower timed up and go test scores predicted new-onset @entity998 . CONCLUSION: @entity998 in older @entity1 is a common and persistent complaint that is caused mainly by impairments of balance and mobility. A range of social, psychological, and physical risk factors for disability are associated with persistence of @entity998 . These results imply that early intervention may be important for the prevention of persistent @entity998 .

title: Fear of falling in older XXXX : a longitudinal study of incidence, persistence, and predictors.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity998 :: ('MESH:D002303', 'Disease') :: ['FOF', 'fear of falling']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: Reverse-flow flaps are preferable in reconstructive surgery due to their several advantages. However, they may have @entity4096 and poor blood flow. In this study, effects of various pharmacological agents on the viability of reverse-flow flaps were investigated. Forty @entity35 were used. Superficial epigastric artery- and superficial epigastric vein-based reverse-flow island flaps were preferred. The @entity35 were divided into 4 groups. Group 1 was considered as the control group. Group 2 was given @entity1855 0.3 mg/kg per day, group 3 @entity594 0.5 mg/kg per day, and group 4 Daflon 80 mg/kg per day for 7 days. On day 7, viable flap areas were measured, angiography was performed, serum @entity842 levels were evaluated, and histopathological examination was done.The mean flap viability rate was 67.59% (  13.12259) in group 1, 77.38% (  4.12506) in group 2, 74.57% (  3.44780) in group 3, and 85.39% (  4.36125) in group 4 (P = 0.001). The mean @entity842 level was 31.66  mol/dL (  2.42212) in group 1, 51.00  mol/dL (  2.96648) in group 2, 34.00  mol/dL (  2.96648) in group 3, and 47.66  mol/dL (  2.80476) in group 4 (P = 0.001). On angiography, there were vessel dilations and convolutions in group 2; capillaries became noticeable, and anastomotic vessels extended toward the more distal part of the flaps in group 4. Histological examinations showed severe @entity32 in group 3 and minimal @entity32 and venous vasodilatation in group 2. @entity1855 and Daflon in therapeutic doses significantly increased the viability of reverse-flow island flaps. However, @entity594 did not make a significant contribution to the flap viability. The results of this study will contribute to the literature about the hemodynamics of reverse-flow island flaps and guide further studies on the issue.

title: Effects of XXXX , @entity594 , and daflon on the viability of reverse-flow island flaps in @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1855 :: ('MESH:D014700', 'Chemical') :: ['verapamil', 'Verapamil']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity4096 :: ('MESH:D014689', 'Disease') :: ['venous insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity594 :: ('MESH:D009543', 'Chemical') :: ['nifedipine']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague-Dawley rats', 'rats']

answer: @entity1855 :: (MESH:D014700,Chemical) :: ['verapamil']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare African-American and Caucasian @entity1 with preexisting @entity6 in a health maintenance organization (HMO) on: 1) frequency with which they received a subset of recommended laboratory tests according to the American @entity6 Association (ADA) consensus guidelines and 2) the results of laboratory test values (glycosylated hemoglobin, @entity165 , and @entity1011 ). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study of 2,312 HMO members with @entity6 continuously enrolled during 1991 was conducted using computerized medical record and billing data. Receipt of the ADA recommended tests for glycosylated hemoglobin, @entity165 , and @entity1011 was compared between African-Americans and Caucasians, stratified by insulin requirements. In addition, group comparisons were made based on the laboratory test results. RESULTS: Less than 20 percent of all subjects received the recommended number of ADA tests. This did not differ by race except for @entity1011 and @entity165 testing in insulin users only, where African-Americans had more tests. On average, after adjusting for covariates, African-Americans had significantly higher glycosylated hemoglobin and @entity1011 laboratory values. Both groups had elevated @entity165 values. CONCLUSIONS: The opportunity exists to improve the process of care for both African-Americans and Caucasians with @entity6 in an HMO setting. The need to improve glycosylated hemoglobin results and subsequently limit complications is especially pressing among the African-American population.

title: Comparison of laboratory test frequency and test results between African-Americans and Caucasians with XXXX : opportunity for improvement. Findings from a large urban health maintenance organization.

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetes', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Organised abuse (where multiple adults conspire to sexually abuse multiple @entity1 ) has been one of the most controversial issues in debates over mental health practice with survivors of @entity1 @entity458 . AIMS: The aim of this paper is to summarise and analyse the available prevalence data pertinent to organised abuse and to identify the challenges that organised abuse poses for mental health policy and practice. METHODS: Prevalence studies of @entity458 based on community and clinical samples were reviewed for findings pertinent to organised abuse. Key indicators of organised abuse were selected and summarised on the basis of their association with the known characteristics of organised abuse. The literature regarding the health impacts of these indicators was also reviewed. RESULTS: A minority of @entity1 reporting contact @entity458 in the community report experiences indicative of organised abuse. These indicators are elevated in particular settings and they are associated with poor mental and physical health. CONCLUSIONS: Organised abuse is rare but it is associated with poor mental and physical health outcomes. There is currently no source of integrated care for adults with histories of organised abuse. Many survivors end up in prison or homeless, chronically disabled by illness, or dead.

title: Organised abuse: a neglected category of XXXX with significant lifetime mental healthcare sequelae.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['child', 'people', 'children']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['sexual abuse']

answer: @entity458 :: (MESH:D020018,Disease) :: ['sexual abuse']


abstract: @entity15126 (C.d.) is an unusual @entity1 pathogen. Its pathogenic potency is small or nil, and in most cases it is isolated in combination with other organisms. Most isolates are of indeterminate clinical significance. Occasionally C.d. may cause @entity1292 , especially in subjects with primary or secondary conditions of poor host defense, immunosuppressed @entity1 or neonates. We report a case of C.d. @entity4034 following C.d. @entity55 . The @entity4034 was cured by surgery and chemotherapy. This case is interesting since it involves an otherwise healthy subject with no underlying disease. C.d. was isolated in blood during the episode of @entity55 and in bone four weeks later. No other case of @entity15126 @entity4034 has hitherto been described.

title: [Spondylitis due to XXXX . Case report and review of @entity15126 infections].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity4034 :: ('MESH:D010019', 'Disease') :: ['vertebral osteomyelitis', 'osteomyelitis']

entities_list: @entity15126 :: ('545', 'Species') :: ['Citrobacter diversus']

entities_list: @entity1292 :: ('MESH:D009894', 'Disease') :: ['opportunistic infections']

answer: @entity15126 :: (545,Species) :: ['Citrobacter diversus']


abstract: AIM: To investigate @entity1140 (Tac)-based treatment in @entity775 ( @entity775 ). Twenty @entity1 (13 @entity1 ; age, 8-17 years; median, 13.25 years) with @entity775 were treated with two daily oral doses of Tac. Six of them had advanced @entity409 and/or @entity82 . METHODS: Drug concentrations in blood were measured regularly, and the target trough levels were 2.5-5 ng/mL. The @entity1 were followed up for 1 year. Their clinical, biochemical, immunological and histological status was obtained at baseline and after 1 year. RESULTS: In three cases, Tac alone led to complete remission. In 14 cases, additional low doses of @entity617 or @entity500 were used for a short time to achieve remission. In two cases, the treatment was discontinued: in one because of therapeutic failure, in another because of a suspected but unverified adverse event. Ten @entity1 reported @entity10 and/or recurrent @entity490 . Two @entity1 developed @entity29 . Renal function remained intact. CONCLUSION: Tac is a promising alternative first line of treatment for @entity775 . Although monotherapy with Tac is usually not sufficient to achieve complete remission, the @entity617 and @entity500 doses can be drastically reduced, and most of their side effects avoided.

title: XXXX without or with the addition of conventional immunosuppressive treatment in @entity775 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'girls']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity500 :: ('MESH:D001379', 'Chemical') :: ['azathioprine']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver disease']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel disease']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity1140 :: ('MESH:D016559', 'Chemical') :: ['tacrolimus']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity617 :: ('MESH:D011239', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisolone']

entities_list: @entity775 :: ('MESH:D019693', 'Disease') :: ['juvenile autoimmune hepatitis', 'AIH']

answer: @entity1140 :: (MESH:D016559,Chemical) :: ['Tacrolimus']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: Advances in endoscopic imaging techniques have enabled more accurate identification of @entity10900 . The aim of the study was to assess the accuracy of predicting @entity1893 ( @entity1893 ) and @entity5 ( @entity5 ) in mucosa predicted as being nondysplastic vs. @entity6349 by @entity62 ( @entity62 ), narrow band imaging (NBI), and confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE). @entity1 AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was performed in a tertiary referral setting between February 2010 and September 2011.A total of 50 consecutive @entity1 who were referred to St Vincent's Hospital for management of @entity355 were included. A prediction of likely histology was made for each mucosal point (four-quadrant every 1cm and any visible @entity10900 ), first with @entity62 , followed by NBI, and finally CLE. Biopsies were taken at all of these points. RESULTS: A total of 1190 individual biopsy points were assessed. At histology, 39 biopsy points were found to harbor @entity1893 and 52 biopsy points harbored @entity5 . For the detection of @entity1893 / @entity5 the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were: @entity62 , 79.1%, 83.1%, and 82.8%; NBI, 89.0%, 80.1%, and 81.4%; and CLE, 75.7%, 80.0%, and 79.9%, respectively. All mucosal points with @entity5 and all @entity1 with @entity1893 were detected by targeted biopsies guided by @entity62 and NBI without the need for random Seattle protocol biopsies. CONCLUSIONS: @entity62 in combination with NBI is highly accurate in the detection of @entity1893 / @entity5 . Performing targeted biopsies in the surveillance of Barrett's esophagus is possible in expert centers.

title: Added value of narrow band imaging and confocal laser endomicroscopy in detecting XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity355 :: ('MESH:D001471', 'Disease') :: ["dysplastic Barrett's esophagus"]

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['intramucosal cancer', 'IMC']

entities_list: @entity10900 :: ('MESH:D009056', 'Disease') :: ['mucosal abnormality', 'subtle mucosal abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ['HGD', 'high grade dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['high definition white light endoscopy', 'HD-WLE']

entities_list: @entity6349 :: ('MESH:D004416', 'Disease') :: ['dysplastic']

answer: @entity355 :: (MESH:D001471,Disease) :: ['Barrett's esophagus neoplasia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine in @entity210 @entity1 , the temporal relationship between the first @entity210 and the diagnosis of @entity209 ( @entity209 ), its components and complications. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We included consecutive @entity210 @entity1 attending 2 Rheumatology Departments from Spain (Hospital Universitario Reina Sof  a) and M  xico (Hospital General de M  xico). Variables included demographic, clinical, and biochemical data: @entity101 , @entity2298 , low high density lipoproteins (HDL), @entity28 , @entity4854 or @entity6 , @entity209 (Adult Treatment Pane III criteria), @entity741 ( @entity741 ), and @entity177 ( @entity177 ). Age and date (year) of the diagnosis of first @entity697 and associated diseases were obtained. RESULTS: Four hundred seven @entity1 were included (96% @entity1 ); mean age at onset, mean age at inclusion, and mean duration of the disease were 39.7 +/- 13, 52.5 +/- 13, and 13.7 +/- 9.9 years, respectively. In 90%, the first attack of @entity210 preceded the diagnosis of features of @entity209 , @entity209 itself or its complications ( @entity177 and @entity741 ), 9.8% had previous diagnosis of at least 1 associated disease. At the time of the inclusion (mean, 13.7 years after the first attack), 93% had at least 1 associated disease. The most common were @entity2298 , 63%; @entity28 , 54%; @entity101 , 45.6%; @entity209 , 40%; @entity4854 , 37%; low HDL, 17%; @entity6 , 15%; @entity177 , 17%; and @entity741 , 6.6%. Although @entity1 from the 2 Rheumatology Departments had several demographic and clinical differences, in both groups most of the @entity1 (70% Hospital Universitario Reina Sof  a and 95% Hospital General de M  xico) had no diagnosis of any associated disease previous to first bouts and at inclusion most of them had the diagnosis of at least 1 associated disease. CONCLUSIONS: First attacks of @entity210 may precede the diagnosis of @entity209 and associated diseases, and provids a unique opportunity to diagnose, prevent, and/or retard long-term complications in these @entity1 .

title: First acute XXXX attacks commonly precede features of the @entity209 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2298 :: ('MESH:D015228', 'Disease') :: ['hypertriglyceridemia']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute gout attack']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'Hypertension']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['chronic renal failure', 'CRF']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['IHD', 'ischemic heart disease']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['MS', 'metabolic syndrome', 'metabolic abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity210 :: ('MESH:D006073', 'Disease') :: ['gout', 'gout attack']

entities_list: @entity4854 :: ('MESH:D006943', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemia']

answer: @entity210 :: (MESH:D006073,Disease) :: ['gout']


abstract: A total of 1,822 @entity1707 from 2 farms (farm A, n = 1,032; farm B, n = 790) were used to evaluate @entity1707 traceability under on-farm conditions by using identification devices (n = 4,434) of different technologies. The devices were @entity227 (n = 1,533; Model 1, n = 776; Model 2, n = 757), electronic ear tags (n = 1,446; half-duplex, n = 702; full-duplex, n = 744), and intraperitoneally injected transponders (n = 1,455; half-duplex, n = 732; full-duplex, n = 723). A group of 790 @entity1707 wore 3 types of devices, and 1,032 wore 2 devices. Piglets were identified before (wk 1 to 3 of age; farm A) or after (wk 3 to 4 of age; farm B) weaning and intensively fattened until approximately 100 kg of BW. Readability of devices was checked at each farm operation by using standardized handheld transceivers. No negative effects of the identification devices on animal health (mortality rate, 8.4%) or performance were detected. On-farm losses averaged 1.6% for ear tags (visual, 0.8%; half-duplex, 1.9%; full-duplex, 2.7%; P > 0.05) and 1.8% for intraperitoneally injected transponders (half-duplex, 1.7%; full-duplex, 1.9%; P > 0.05). Moreover, 1.4% electronic failures occurred in the electronic ear tags (half-duplex, 2.2%; full-duplex, 0.6%; P < 0.05) but not in the intraperitoneally injected transponders. Final on-farm readability was greater (P < 0.05) for @entity227 (99.2%) than for electronic ear tags (half-duplex, 95.9%; full-duplex, 96.7%; P > 0.05). Readability for intraperitoneally injected transponders was intermediate (half-duplex, 98.3%; full-duplex, 98.1%; P > 0.05). Electronic devices were in all cases easier and faster to read than the @entity227 . @entity227 and intraperitoneally injected transponders were efficiently retained under conditions of commercial @entity1707 farms, which agrees with the minimum values recommended by the International Committee for Animal Recording (> 98%). When readability and reading ease were also included as decision criteria, injectable transponders were preferred.

title: Comparison of visual and electronic identification devices in XXXX : on-farm performances.

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['Visual ear tags', 'visual ear tags']

answer: @entity1707 :: (9823,Species) :: ['pigs']


abstract: PURPOSE: The transmembrane-4 superfamily (TM4SF) is a recently discovered family of genes. Of the TM4SF members, @entity6460 / @entity6460 , @entity14048 / @entity14048 , and @entity5775 / @entity5775 have been reported to modulate @entity5 progression or @entity3 . In this study, we investigated the relationships between these three genes, @entity6460 , @entity14048 , and @entity5775 , in @entity1 with @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ). Moreover, we assessed the prognostic value of evaluating the expressions of @entity6460 , @entity14048 , and @entity5775 simultaneously in @entity1149 . @entity1 AND METHODS: One hundred seventy-two @entity1 up to stage IIIB NSCLC underwent radical surgery during the period of January 1991 through June 1994. Using a quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis, we studied the expression of @entity6460 , @entity14048 , and @entity5775 genes in these @entity1 . RESULTS: We found that 109 @entity1 (63.4%) had @entity6460 -positive @entity5 and 42 @entity1 (24.4%) had @entity24957 -positive @entity5 . Conversely, all 172 @entity1 expressed @entity5775 . No relationship was found between @entity6460 expression and @entity14048 expression. We classified these @entity1 into three groups. The 36 @entity1 who were positive for both @entity6460 and @entity14048 were defined as group A; the 79 @entity1 with reduced expression of either @entity6460 or @entity14048 were defined as group B, and the remaining 57 @entity1 with reduced expression of both @entity6460 and @entity14048 were defined as group C. This new classification was correlated with nodal status, @entity5 status, and pathologic stage (P = .0056, P = .0003, and P < .0001, respectively). In NSCLC @entity1 , the 5-year survival rate of group A @entity1 was significantly better than that of group B @entity1 and much better than that of group C @entity1 (86.8%, 53.9%, and 31.5%, respectively; P < .0001). Cox multivariate regression analysis showed that this new classification in @entity1149 was a significant prognostic factor, as was the nodal status (P < .0001). CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that a low @entity6460 and @entity14048 expression by @entity5 of the lung may be associated with poor prognosis. It is conceivable that the evaluation for @entity6460 and @entity14048 expression may identify node-negative @entity2 @entity1 who are at high risk for early disease recurrence, and thus need intensive adjuvant therapy.

title: Novel staging protocol for @entity1149 according to XXXX / @entity6460 and @entity14048 / @entity14048 gene expression.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLCs', 'non-small-cell lung cancers']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity6460 :: (928,Gene) :: ['MRP-1']