abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to establish baseline data for a procedure that has yet to be defined within a Caribbean population. Using a specifically designed postoperative questionnaire, symptomatology and quality of life were assessed before and after laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication. METHODS: Twenty-three consecutive @entity1 of the same surgeon were identified. The questionnaires measured the symptoms and social and emotional functioning, assigning each a score for comparative purposes. The cumulative score was considered the ultimate index of overall quality of life. Wilcoxon matched pairs test was used to analyse the data. RESULTS: The mean age of the @entity1 was 47.5 years. There were 21females and 2 males. Heartburn (78.3%) and regurgitation (60.8%) were the main symptoms. Postoperatively, these decreased to 17.3% and 4.3% respectively, with significant declines in other complaints such as @entity1282 and @entity390 . The social and emotional functioning score had an average of 13.2 preoperatively; this increased to 18.3, postoperatively, out of a possible maximum of 20. None of the procedures had to be converted to open laparotomy and mean operating time was 108 minutes. Mean follow-up time was 9.7 months. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication does provide significant improvement in overall quality of life among @entity1 with @entity344 and can be performed effectively within a Caribbean setting.

title: Laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication for improved XXXX and quality of life.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal symptoms']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['dysphagia']

answer: @entity344 :: (MESH:D005767,Disease) :: ['gastrointestinal symptoms']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The @entity842 system has been implicated in several diseases with @entity455 including @entity6 and @entity101 . Despite the high prevalence of @entity101 and @entity65 in @entity177 few studies have examined vascular and endothelial function in uraemia. We therefore chose to study possible abnormalities of the @entity842 vasodilator system in an animal model of @entity177 . METHODS: Adult spontaneous @entity101 @entity35 and @entity35 Kyoto @entity35 were subjected to a 5/6 nephrectomy with control animals having sham operations. After 4 weeks blood pressure was recorded and the animals were sacrificed. Branches of the mesenteric arteries were isolated and mounted on a Mulvany myograph. All experiments were performed in the presence of @entity3352 (10(-5) M). The vessels were first preconstricted with @entity1063 , exposed to increasing concentrations of @entity934 (10(-8) to 10(-4) M) and subsequently to @entity1854 (10(-5) M). RESULTS: There was no difference in the relaxation of the four groups of vessels to any of the concentrations of @entity934 used nor was there any significant difference in the EC50s (control @entity35 Kyoto 6.1+/-1.4 x 10(-8) M; uraemic @entity35 Kyoto 5.4+/-0.8 x 10(-8) M; control spontaneous @entity101 @entity35 4.5+/-0.6 x 10(-8) M; uraemic spontaneous @entity101 @entity35 6+/-0.7 x 10(-8) M). Vasodilatation in response to @entity1854 was unchanged in uraemic vessels. In addition the vascular responses to both @entity934 and @entity1854 were unaltered in spontaneous @entity101 @entity35 . CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that normal agonist-induced endothelium-dependent relaxation is maintained in experimental uraemia and @entity101 .

title: Maintenance of normal agonist-induced endothelium-dependent relaxation in uraemic and XXXX resistance vessels.

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular complications']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity1854 :: ('MESH:D009599', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium nitroprusside']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure', 'chronic renal failure']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity3352 :: ('MESH:D007213', 'Chemical') :: ['indomethacin']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['noradrenaline']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular complications']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertensive']


abstract: OBJECT: The aim of surgical treatment of @entity11 is the complete resection of @entity5 tissue with preservation of neurological function. Inclusion of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in the postoperative MRI protocol could improve the delineation of @entity63 -associated postoperative @entity51 . The present study aims to assess the incidence of @entity1188 following resection of newly diagnosed @entity11 in comparison with recurrent @entity11 and the influence on neurological function. METHODS: @entity1 who underwent @entity11 resection for newly diagnosed or recurrent @entity11 had early postoperative MRI, including DWI and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps. Postoperative areas of restricted diffusion were classified as arterial territorial @entity1188 , @entity1188 , or @entity1188 . @entity5 entity, location, and neurological function were recorded. RESULTS: New postoperative @entity2806 were identified in 26 (31%) of 84 @entity1 with newly diagnosed @entity11 and 20 (80%) of 25 @entity1 with recurrent @entity11 (p < 0.01). New permanent and transient @entity51 were more frequent in @entity1 with recurrent @entity11 than in @entity1 with newly diagnosed @entity5 . @entity1 with @entity51 had a significantly higher rate of @entity2806 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity1188 occur frequently in @entity1 with newly diagnosed and recurrent @entity11 and do have an impact on postoperative neurological function. In this @entity1 cohort there was a higher risk for @entity2806 and for deterioration of neurological function after resection of recurrent @entity5 . Radiogenic and postoperative tissue changes could contribute to the higher risk of an @entity1188 in @entity1 with recurrent @entity5 .

title: Postoperative ischemic changes following resection of newly diagnosed and recurrent XXXX and their clinical relevance.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic lesions']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['glioma', 'gliomas']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deficits']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative infarctions', 'infarctions', 'venous infarctions', 'terminal branch infarctions', 'ischemic infarction']

answer: @entity11 :: (MESH:D005910,Disease) :: ['gliomas']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: It is unclear whether the poor autonomic flexibility or dysregulation observed in @entity1 with @entity1005 ( @entity1005 ) represents a pre- @entity130 vulnerability factor or results from exposure to @entity130 . We used an animal model of @entity1005 to assess the association between the behavioral response to @entity1642 ( @entity1642 ) and the cardiac autonomic modulation in male and female @entity35 . The @entity35 were surgically implanted with radiotelemetry devices to measure their electrocardiograms and locomotor activity (LMA). Following baseline telemetric monitoring, the animals were exposed to @entity1642 or sham- @entity1642 . Continuous telemetric monitoring (24h/day sampling) was performed over the course of 7days. The electrocardiographic recordings were analyzed using the time- and frequency-domain indexes of heart rate variability (HRV). The behavioral response patterns were assessed using the elevated plus maze and acoustic startle response paradigms for the retrospective classification of individuals according to the @entity1005 -related cut-off behavioral criteria. During resting conditions, the male @entity35 had significantly higher heart rates (HR) and lower HRV parameters than the female @entity35 during both the active and inactive phases of the daily cycle. Immediately after @entity1642 exposure, both the female and male @entity35 demonstrated a robust increase in HR and a marked drop in HRV parameters, with a shift of sympathovagal balance towards sympathetic predominance. In both sexes, @entity4148 and recovery were selectively inhibited in the @entity35 whose behavior was extremely disrupted after exposure to @entity1642 . However, in the female @entity35 , exposure to the @entity1642 produced fewer EBR @entity35 , with a more rapid recovery curve than that of the male @entity35 . @entity1642 did not induce changes to the circadian rhythm of the LMA. According to our results, @entity1005 can be conceptualized as a disorder that is related to failure-of-recovery mechanisms that impede the restitution of physiological homeostasis.

title: Distinctive cardiac autonomic dysfunction following stress exposure in both sexes in an animal model of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1005 :: ('MESH:D013313', 'Disease') :: ['posttraumatic stress disorder', 'PTSD']

entities_list: @entity4148 :: ('MESH:D001342', 'Disease') :: ['autonomic system habituation']

entities_list: @entity1642 :: ('MESH:D015775', 'Disease') :: ['PSS', 'predator scent stress']

answer: @entity1005 :: (MESH:D013313,Disease) :: ['PTSD']


abstract: We treated 27 @entity1 with regionally advanced @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) with two cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy with @entity2879 , @entity7324 , and @entity900 . Twenty-three @entity1 were evaluable for response; 13 had a partial response while ten @entity1 had stable disease or disease progression. Subsequent local therapy consisted of surgery followed by radiotherapy in four @entity1 and of radiotherapy alone in 14 @entity1 . Five @entity1 did not receive local therapy. At completion of local therapy, seven @entity1 were considered free of disease including all four who had undergone surgery. Median time to disease progression for the 13 @entity1 who had a partial response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy was eight months (three to 51+ months). The median survival for all @entity1 registered on study was eight months (three days to 53+ months). Chemotherapy induced @entity137 included moderate myelosuppression, @entity390 and @entity391 in all @entity1 , and occasional @entity2167 , @entity2359 , and @entity5653 . One @entity1 died of @entity1779 due to @entity882 . This trial shows that administration of neoadjuvant chemotherapy to @entity1 with locoregionally advanced @entity1149 is feasible and may yield an increased response rate compared to @entity1 with stage IV disease. While no clearly beneficial effect of the use of chemotherapy on @entity1 survival is apparent in this study, further studies utilizing neoadjuvant chemotherapy in @entity1 with @entity1149 are warranted and should attempt to identify more active combinations of drugs.

title: Neoadjuvant @entity7324 , XXXX , and @entity900 for locally advanced @entity1149 . Final report of a phase 2 study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity7324 :: ('MESH:D014751', 'Chemical') :: ['vindesine']

entities_list: @entity2167 :: ('MESH:D006311', 'Disease') :: ['ototoxicity']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small-cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity2879 :: ('MESH:D005047', 'Chemical') :: ['etoposide']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['intracerebral hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity5653 :: ('MESH:D019282', 'Disease') :: ['wasting syndrome']

entities_list: @entity2359 :: ('MESH:D020258', 'Disease') :: ['neurotoxicity']

answer: @entity2879 :: (MESH:D005047,Chemical) :: ['etoposide']


abstract: @entity1 with @entity131 ( @entity131 ) are at an increased risk of developing @entity1211 ( @entity1211 ). Pharmacological thromboprophylaxis (PTP) is routinely delayed because of concerns of exacerbating @entity932 ( @entity932 ). The aim of this review is to examine the literature and assimilate suitable data to assess the safety and efficacy of PTP administered within 72   h in @entity131 @entity1 . We systematically searched the literature for randomized controlled trials or cohort studies reporting on the timing of PTP in @entity131 . We dichotomized the timing of PTP to early and late at 72   h post-injury. The rates of @entity1211 and @entity932 progression were our primary endpoints and were pooled using a fixed-effects model. A total of five retrospective cohort studies were included within the review including a total of 1624 @entity1 , of which 713 received early PTP and 911 received late PTP. Within the early and late group there was a total of 43 and 106 @entity1211 respectively, with a risk ratio of 0.52 (0.37, 0.73). Assessing safety, the relative risk of @entity932 progression in the early compared with the late PTP group was 0.64 (0.35, 1.14). Based on the available literature, we can tentatively conclude that early PTP (<72   h) reduces the risk of @entity1211 without affecting progression of @entity932 . However, much work is yet to be done to better clarify @entity932 subtypes at risk of progression and the implementation of evidence-based guidelines backed up with randomized control trial level evidence.

title: Safety and efficacy of early pharmacological thromboprophylaxis in XXXX : systematic review and meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['TBI', 'traumatic brain injury']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['VTE', 'venous thromboembolic events']

entities_list: @entity932 :: ('MESH:D020300', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial hemorrhage', 'ICH']

answer: @entity131 :: (MESH:D001930,Disease) :: ['traumatic brain injury']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 with previous noncoronary cardiac surgery or @entity2396 may require epicardial access to facilitate successful @entity1165 ( @entity1165 ) ablation. Percutaneous pericardial access is known to be difficult in these @entity1 owing to the presence of @entity2294 . OBJECTIVE: To examine the success and safety of percutaneous pericardial access as well as the ability to map and ablate epicardial @entity1165 targets. METHODS: We studied 10 consecutive @entity1 with prior noncoronary cardiac surgery (8 @entity1 ) or prior @entity2396 (2 @entity1 ) who required epicardial access for @entity1165 ablation. RESULTS: Percutaneous pericardial access was achieved by experienced operators, and dense adhesions interfering with catheter mapping were encountered in all @entity1 . Using blunt dissection with a deflected ablation catheter, adhesions were divided over the course of 19-125 minutes (mean 57  38 minutes; median 47 minutes). This dissection allowed for sufficient epicardial mapping in 9 of 10 (90%) @entity1 . The clinical targeted VTs were rendered noninducible in 8 (80%) @entity1 . One @entity1 had 70 cm(3) of bleeding with the initial puncture. No other complications occurred. During a long-term follow-up  of 24  27 months (median 13 months),  5 @entity1 have remained @entity1165 -free. CONCLUSIONS: Percutaneous pericardial access for @entity1165 in @entity1 with previous noncoronary cardiac surgery or @entity2396 can usually be obtained. However, dense @entity2294 are often encountered and may limit the ability to map the entire epicardial space.  Typically,  appropriate targets can be reached and ablated by disrupting the adhesions with the ablation catheter and/or deflectable sheath, facilitating excellent long-term clinical outcome in half of the @entity1 with no major complications.

title: Percutaneous epicardial @entity1165 after noncoronary cardiac surgery or XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2396 :: ('MESH:D010493', 'Disease') :: ['pericarditis']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['epicardial VT ablation', 'VT', 'ventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity2294 :: ('MESH:D010490', 'Disease') :: ['pericardial adhesions']

answer: @entity2396 :: (MESH:D010493,Disease) :: ['pericarditis']


abstract: @entity4730 is a member of the Kruppel-like factor family of transcriptional regulators. @entity4730 has been shown to be required for normal terminal differentiation of keratinocytes, but the molecular mechanism whereby @entity4730 regulates genes associated with the differentiation process has not been studied. In the present study, we explore the impact of @entity4730 on expression of @entity40330 , a gene that is specifically expressed in differentiated keratinocytes. @entity4730 overexpression and knockdown studies show that @entity40330 mRNA and protein level correlates directly with @entity4730 level. Moreover, studies of mutant @entity4730 proteins indicate that transcriptionally inactive forms do not increase @entity40330 expression. @entity6164   is a regulator of keratinocyte differentiation that increases expression of differentiation-associated target genes, including @entity40330 . Overexpression of @entity4730 augments the @entity6164  -dependent increase in @entity40330 expression, whereas @entity4730 knockdown attenuates this response. The @entity4730 induction of @entity1 @entity40330 ( @entity30946 ) promoter activity is mediated via @entity4730 binding to a GC-rich element located in the @entity30946 promoter distal regulatory region, a region of the promoter required for in vivo @entity40330 expression. Mutation of the GC-rich element, an adjacent @entity1178 factor binding site, or both sites severely attenuates the response. Moreover, loss of @entity4730 in an epidermal equivalent model of differentiation results in loss of @entity30946 expression. These studies suggest that @entity4730 is part of a multiprotein complex that interacts that the @entity30946 promoter distal regulatory region to drive differentiation-dependent @entity30946 gene expression in epidermis.

title: Protein kinase C    increases Kruppel-like factor 4 protein, which drives XXXX gene transcription in differentiating keratinocytes.

answer: @entity40330 :: (3713,Gene) :: ['involucrin']


abstract: PURPOSE: We evaluated the role of transient receptor potential vanilloid subfamily 1 for the generation of noxious bladder input and bladder overactivity associated with @entity2335 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Spinal @entity9830 expression triggered by @entity1494 (10 cm water) was studied in sham and lipopolysaccharide inflamed transient receptor potential vanilloid subfamily 1 +/+ and -/- @entity19 . @entity1494 was studied using @entity4774 anesthesia in sham and lipopolysaccharide inflamed transient receptor potential vanilloid subfamily 1 +/+ and -/- @entity19 . RESULTS: Inflammatory changes in the bladder of transient receptor potential vanilloid subfamily 1 +/+ and -/- @entity19 were identical. @entity1494 in sham inflamed +/+ @entity19 induced a mean +/- SD of 4 +/- 2 Fos cells per section. @entity1494 after lipopolysaccharide inflammation increased Fos cells to 34 +/- 5 (p <0.001). The number of Fos cells after bladder distention in sham and lipopolysaccharide inflamed -/- @entity19 was similar (2 +/- 1 and 2 +/- 1, respectively, p >0.05). During saline infusion of sham inflamed bladders in +/+ @entity19 0.46 +/- 0.14 contractions per minute were documented. In lipopolysaccharide inflamed +/+ @entity19 that frequency was increased to 1.13 +/- 0.12 contractions per minute (p <0.001). In sham and lipopolysaccharide inflamed -/- @entity19 bladder frequency was similar (0.47 +/- 0.08 and 0.61 +/- 0.10, respectively, p >0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our data demonstrate that transient receptor potential vanilloid subfamily 1 is essential for the generation of noxious bladder input and bladder overactivity associated with @entity2335 .

title: Transient receptor potential vanilloid subfamily 1 is essential for the generation of noxious bladder input and bladder overactivity in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['innocuous bladder distention', 'Bladder reflex activity', 'Bladder distention']

entities_list: @entity4774 :: ('MESH:D014520', 'Chemical') :: ['urethane']

answer: @entity2335 :: (MESH:D003556,Disease) :: ['cystitis']


abstract: Heat treatment and various other stresses render @entity5 cells resistant to @entity137 mediated by @entity5 @entity39 factors (TNFs). Here, we elucidate the molecular basis of this phenomenon by demonstrating that the major @entity1457 protein, @entity2285 , protects @entity5 cells from @entity310 @entity137 even in the absence of stress. The @entity1 @entity2285 gene was stably introduced into highly @entity310 -sensitive WEHI-S @entity5 cells both in the sense and antisense orientation. All clones constitutively expressing the exogenous @entity1 @entity2285 gene were protected from @entity310 -mediated killing approximately 1000-fold. Remarkably, the growth of one clone was actually stimulated by low concentrations of @entity310 . Moreover, a clone expressing antisense @entity2285 RNA was rendered extremely sensitive to TNFs. @entity2285 -mediated protection from @entity310 @entity137 was confirmed in transient expression experiments employing retroviral vectors. Changes in cellular sensitivity to @entity310 were not associated with alterations in the binding of @entity310 to its receptors. Neither the transfection procedure itself nor overexpression of the low molecular weight @entity1457 protein, @entity2284 , had any effect on cellular susceptibility to TNFs. Our data suggest that @entity2285 may increase the oncogenic potential of some @entity5 cells by providing them with an escape mechanism from immunological defense.

title: Major @entity1457 protein XXXX protects @entity5 cells from @entity5 @entity39 factor @entity137 .

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity1457 :: ('MESH:D012769', 'Disease') :: ['heat shock']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

answer: @entity2285 :: (3308,Gene) :: ['hsp70']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Cancer registries have a complete recording of new @entity5 cases occurring among residents of a specific geographic area. In France, they cover only 13% of the population. For @entity259 , where incidence rate is highly variable according to the district conversely to mortality, national incidence estimates are not accurate. A nationwide database, such as hospital discharge system, could improve this estimate but its positive predictive value and sensibility should be evaluated. METHODS: The positive predictive value and the sensitivity for @entity259 case ascertainment (ICD-10) of the national hospital discharge system in 1999 and 2000 were estimated using the @entity5 registries database of 10 French districts as gold standard. The linkage of the two databases required transmission of nominative information from the health facilities of the study. From the registries database, a logistic regression analysis was carried out to identify factors related to being missed by the hospital discharge system. RESULTS: Among the 973 standardized discharge charts selected from the hospital discharge system, 866 were considered as true positive cases, and 107 as false positive. Forty five of the latter group were prevalent cases. The predictive positive value was 89% (95% confidence interval (CI): 87-91%) and did not differ according to the district (p=0,80). According to the @entity5 registries, 322 @entity259 cases diagnosed in 1999 or 2000 were missed by the hospital discharge system. Thus, the sensitivity of this latter system was 73% (70-76%) and varied significantly from 62% to 85% across districts (p<0.001) and according to the type of health facility (p<0.01). CONCLUSION: Predictive positive value of the French hospital discharge system for ascertainment of @entity259 cases is high and stable across districts. Sensitivity is lower and varies significantly according to the type of health facility and across districts, which limits the interest of this database for a national estimate of @entity259 incidence rate.

title: [Predictive value and sensibility of hospital discharge system (PMSI) compared to @entity5 registries for thyro  d XXXX (1999-2000)].

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity259 :: ('MESH:D013964', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid cancer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: A total of 71 @entity1 with clinical T1b-T2c @entity189 of the prostate underwent ultrasound-guided interactive seed implantation of the prostate. Sixty received 125I and II 103Pd implants. A laparoscopic lymph node dissection was performed in 58 @entity1 . The @entity1 have been followed a mean of 2 years (1-4.2 years). With use of a @entity1486 (PSA) value of 1 ng/ml, @entity1 (n = 8) who presented with an initial PSA of < or = 4.0 ng/ml were all free from failure. This compared with those who presented with an initial PSA of 4.1-10, 10.1-20, and > or = 20 ng/ml, in whom the freedom from failure rates were 52, 32, and 22%, respectively. @entity1 (n = 49) who presented with an initial PSA of less than or equal to 15 ng/ml had a median PSA of 0.88 ng/ml at last follow-up compared with 2.25 ng/ml for those with an initial PSA of > 15 ng/ml. Prostate biopsies performed 18-24 months after implantation were negative in 82%. The median PSA for those with a negative biopsy was 0.7 ng/ml vs. 4.9 ng/ml for those with a positive biopsy. There were no long-term persistent urinary complaints. Grade 2 @entity1161 occurred in three (4.2%). No cases of severe @entity1161 or @entity2335 occurred. Urinary retention occurred in four @entity1 (5.6%), one of whom required a transurethral resection of the prostate. No @entity1 developed @entity322 . Potency was preserved in 94%. We conclude that the real-time ultrasound-guided transperineal seed implantation technique is an effective and safe method of treating @entity263 . Longer follow-up is needed to substantiate these early encouraging results.

title: Brachytherapy for XXXX : real-time three-dimensional interactive seed implantation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['urinary incontinence']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity1161 :: ('MESH:D011832', 'Disease') :: ['radiation proctitis']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1486 :: ('354', 'Gene') :: ['prostate specific antigen']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate cancer']


abstract: Mutagenic pollution of the natural environment, including marine waters, is a very serious ecological problem. However, since chemical mutagens usually occur and act at low concentrations, their detection and identification is technically difficult, laborious and time-consuming. Therefore, preliminary detection of mutagenic pollution is commonly based on biological mutagenicity assays. On the other hand, @entity18050 -containing @entity1652 ( @entity1652 ) provide a method for concentration of hydrophobic organic contaminants, including a large fraction of the mutagens. Combinations of @entity1652 with microbiological @entity137 and mutagenicity assays have already been described, but only @entity30679 -derived extracts, prepared with various organic solvents, were tested in such a way to date. We found that the presence of these solvents could interfere with the @entity11784 bioluminescence-based mutagenicity assay. Moreover, preparation of the extracts from @entity30679 takes usually at least 48h. Here, we propose a modified procedure, based on direct addition of tester bacteria cultures into @entity30679 . We found that this procedure is significantly (at least two times) more rapid and several times more sensitive than that based on testing the extracts. This optimization is presented in this report. Moreover, we have performed preliminary studies on samples of marine waters. Positive results (i.e. detection of mutagenic activity) were obtained when test samples came from a region known to be highly contaminated by industrial pollution, while negative results were observed in the case of samples from a region supposed to be of low risk for mutagenic pollution.

title: Direct addition of cultures of tester bacteria into XXXX ( @entity1652 ) as a modified procedure for preliminary detection of mutagenic pollution of the marine environment by use of microbiological mutagenicity assays.

entities_list: @entity11784 :: ('669', 'Species') :: ['Vibrio harveyi']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity1652 :: ('MESH:D009471', 'Disease') :: ['semi-permeable membrane devices', 'SPMDs']

answer: @entity1652 :: (MESH:D009471,Disease) :: ['semi-permeable membrane devices']


abstract: Utilizing the experimental model in @entity329 , we explored the role of immunization in @entity105 . The animals, which were infected with @entity8072 (Opisthorchis viverrini), and administered a subcarcinogenic dose of @entity1232 , developed @entity5 . Pre-immunizing with a crude somatic antigen did not reduce @entity5 development, but accelerated @entity105 . Histopathological analysis of the @entity5 tissues was done once at week 30 and again at week 39 using H and E staining, immunostaining for the @entity42838 @entity5 suppressor phosphoprotein, and electron microscopy. Thirty weeks after immunization, the immunized hamsters developed @entity420 at a higher rate (71.43%) than the non-immunized group (20.00%). This rate (20.00%) increased to 63.64% by week 39. The @entity5 in the non-immunized group decreased in frequency from 80.00% (at week 30) to 36.36% (by week 39), suggesting the @entity5 progressed to @entity420 during the 9-week interval. Most of the observed @entity420 was well differentiated. Nearly all hamsters that tested positive for @entity5 also tested positive for @entity42838 immunostaining in the epithelia of the small bile ducts. The positive reaction for @entity42838 -immunostaining was localized in the rough endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and perinuclear membranes. The electron micrographs of these positive @entity42838 -immunostained cells showed characteristics of @entity5 . The detection of @entity42838 in @entity5 development makes it a candidate as a @entity5 marker.

title: Ultrastructural and immunohistochemical analysis of cholangiocarcinoma in immunized XXXX infected with Opisthorchis viverrini and administered with @entity1232 .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'small foci cancer', 'cancer', 'early cancer']

entities_list: @entity329 :: ('10036', 'Species') :: ['Syrian golden hamsters']

entities_list: @entity8072 :: ('6192', 'Species') :: ['liver flukes']

entities_list: @entity1232 :: ('MESH:D004128', 'Chemical') :: ['dimethylnitrosamine']

entities_list: @entity105 :: ('MESH:D063646', 'Disease') :: ['carcinogenesis']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['tubular adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity329 :: (10036,Species) :: ['Syrian golden hamsters']


abstract: A comparison of the effects of @entity219 ions on the response of two similar homomeric @entity2227 receptors, @entity42996 and @entity42997 , was carried out using the @entity1238 oocyte expression system. Two to 5 days after injection of the corresponding cRNA into oocytes, two-electrode voltage-clamp studies were done using primarily @entity4176 as the @entity2227 agonist. @entity4176 produced stable responses that could be modulated by co-application of @entity219 . @entity42997 but not @entity42996 receptors produced currents that were enhanced by low concentrations of @entity8862 . This @entity8862 sensitivity occurred over a narrow concentration range of 4 to 7.5 microM. Additionally, heteromeric expression of @entity42997 with @entity42998 and @entity42996 with @entity42998 both resulted in no @entity8862 potentiation. The @entity219 -induced enhancement of @entity42997 current was not mediated by a change in sensitivity to agonist as the @entity4176 concentration-response curve was unaltered by @entity8862 . The @entity4176 current-voltage (I-V) relationship for inward current showed a general increase in slope with little change in rectification. While there was no change in reversal potential, outward rectification became more pronounced during @entity8862 exposure. Although @entity141 removal strongly affects the outward rectification of the I-V, the @entity219 -induced enhancement of @entity42997 current still occurred in @entity141 -free saline. The major change in the @entity4176 I-V relationship for @entity42997 produced by @entity8862 may begin to explain the differential action of @entity8862 on two otherwise similar @entity2227 receptors. Because @entity8862 is co-released along with neurotransmitter, the differential sensitivity may be physiologically pertinent.

title: Subunit-specific enhancement of XXXX receptor responses by @entity219 .

entities_list: @entity2227 :: ('CHEBI:29987', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamate']

entities_list: @entity4176 :: ('MESH:D007608', 'Chemical') :: ['Kainate', 'kainate']

answer: @entity2227 :: (CHEBI:29987,Chemical) :: ['glutamate']


abstract: Five @entity3472 were treated by subcutaneous administration of a long-acting synthetic analog of @entity1943 , SMS 201-995. @entity1 included four @entity1 and one @entity1 who ranged in age from 52 to 77 years. The @entity292 developed after drainage of a @entity788 , biopsy of a pancreatic mass, splenectomies for @entity3039 and @entity4753 , and operative @entity130 , respectively. @entity292 output consisted of 1,000 ml/day of amylase- and lipase-rich fluid in the @entity1 with a pancreatic biopsy. The other four @entity1 had @entity998 (100 to 250 ml/day) that had been draining for 1 to 12 months. Direct communication with the pancreatic duct was demonstrated by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, sinography, or both in four of the five @entity1 . @entity292 output decreased from 340 +/- 376 ml/day to 63 +/- 36 ml/day on the first day of therapy with two daily doses of 0.05 mg @entity2390 (p less than 0.03) and to 13 +/- 19 ml/day on the seventh day of therapy (p less than 0.03). Two @entity1 had prompt closure of their @entity292 and one closed in 3 months. One @entity1 with chronic @entity788 and a duct stricture and one @entity1 with recurring infection did not achieve permanent @entity292 closure with SMS 201-995. Because of its safety, ease of administration, and efficacy in decreasing @entity292 output, we believe @entity1943 analog therapy is beneficial in hastening closure of @entity3472 .

title: Treatment of XXXX with a @entity1943 analog.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'woman', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity4753 :: ('MESH:D005258', 'Disease') :: ["Felty's syndrome"]

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis', 'pancreatic abscess']

entities_list: @entity3039 :: ('MESH:D016553', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura']

entities_list: @entity998 :: ('MESH:D002303', 'Disease') :: ['low-output fistulas']

entities_list: @entity3472 :: ('MESH:D010185', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic fistulas', 'pancreatic cutaneous fistulas']

entities_list: @entity292 :: ('MESH:D005402', 'Disease') :: ['fistulas', 'Fistula', 'fistula']

entities_list: @entity1943 :: ('MESH:D013004', 'Chemical') :: ['somatostatin']

answer: @entity3472 :: (MESH:D010185,Disease) :: ['pancreatic cutaneous fistulas']


abstract: AIM: To describe the clinical characteristics at presentation of a large cohort of @entity1 with @entity1066 in South India. METHODS: The medical records of @entity1 with @entity1066 examined in the @entity267 clinic at Aravind Eye Hospital Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India, over a 10-year period were reviewed in this retrospective observational case series. RESULTS: The cohort contained 242 eyes of 166 @entity1 . All @entity1 were from South India, and @entity1 outnumbered @entity1 by a ratio of 4.7:1. The median and mean ages at presentation were 65 and 61 years, respectively, with a range of 13-95 years. One eye was affected in 90 of 166 (54%) @entity1 . Visual acuity in the affected eye at presentation ranged from 6/6 to light perception, and was 6/12 or better in 34 of 242 (14%) eyes, between 6/12 and 3/60 in 168 (69%) eyes, and worse than 3/60 in 40 (17%) eyes. Partial peripheral corneal ulceration was observed in 222 (92%) eyes, complete peripheral corneal ulceration was observed in 15 (6%) @entity3283 was observed in 5 (2%) eyes. For those 222 eyes with partial peripheral ulceration, 152 (68%) showed temporal involvement, 129 (58%) showed nasal involvement, 116 (52%) showed inferior involvement and 30 (14%) showed superior involvement. Perforation was observed in 26 (11%) eyes, and was more common in eyes with peripheral as compared with total ulceration (p<0.001). Identified risk factors in the cohort included evidence of prior corneal surgery (22%), corneal @entity130 (17%) and @entity281 (2%). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1066 is a rare and potentially blinding eye condition observed not infrequently in the @entity267 clinic at Aravind Eye Hospital. @entity1 are affected more often than @entity1 and may present with either @entity66 . Perforation is observed in approximately 1 in 10 affected eyes at presentation and occurs most often in the setting of peripheral ulceration. The occurrence of prior corneal surgery, @entity281 in nearly one third of @entity1 supports theories of exposure to corneal antigen in the pathogenesis of this disorder.

title: Clinical characteristics of XXXX in South India.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'Men', 'men']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['unilateral or bilateral disease']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ["Mooren's ulcer"]

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['trauma or infection', 'corneal infection']

entities_list: @entity3283 :: ('MESH:D003320', 'Disease') :: ['eyes and total corneal ulceration']

answer: @entity1066 :: (MESH:D014456,Disease) :: ['Mooren's ulcer']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: To determin whether @entity205 is effective in inducing remission in @entity1 with severe active @entity29 , refractory to @entity230 . METHODOLOGY: Twenty-three @entity1 with severe and @entity134 -refractory @entity29 (15 @entity31 and 8 @entity30 ) were included. The Mayo Clinic Score and the @entity4844 were used to evaluate activity. @entity205 (4 mg/kg/day) was administered for a maximum of ten and a minimum of 7 days. RESULTS: Ten of the 15 @entity31 @entity1 achieved remission with a mean response lag time to onset improvement of 8 days. Seven of these @entity1 remained stable with @entity2983 4 months after @entity205 treatment. Two @entity1 relapsed and underwent colectomy on the 50th and 200th day after treatment. Five @entity1 presented no response and required urgent colectomy. Six of the 8 @entity30 @entity1 achieved remission with a mean response lag time to onset improvement of 7 days. The 6 @entity1 remained stable with @entity2983 four months after @entity205 treatment. The other 2 developed reversible @entity177 and had to be released from the study. CONCLUSIONS: Intravenous high dose @entity205 is effective and can be used as a rapid onset treatment for acute @entity134 refractory IBD.

title: High-dose intravenous XXXX in @entity134 refractory attacks of @entity29 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative colitis']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel disease']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['Cyclosporine', 'cyclosporine']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ["Crohn's disease"]

entities_list: @entity2983 :: ('MESH:D019804', 'Chemical') :: ['mesalazine']

answer: @entity205 :: (MESH:D016572,Chemical) :: ['cyclosporine']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical effects and application value of intraoperative CT in treatment of severe @entity1635 with posterior total pedicle screws. METHODS: Thirty-two cases of severe @entity1635 were retrospectively analysed in our hospital from June 2009 to June 2011,which were treated by posterior total pedicle screws with intraoperative CT including 12 males and 20 females with an average age of 16.8 years ranging from 10 to 38 years. There were 19 cases combined with thoracic @entity1513 among 32 cases. Multiple planar reconstruction technology of intraoperative CT was applied to assess screw position. The numbers (rates) of pedicle screws were calculated and evaluated as different grades in @entity1514 (T1-T4) ,middle thoracic vertebra (T5-T8), lower thoracic vertebra (T9-T12) and lumbar vertebra. The pedicle screws of 2 grade and 3 grade were defined as malpositioned screws. Times of applicating intraoperative CT were calculated. Cobb angle of all cases and @entity1513 angle of the cases combined with thoracic @entity1513 were measured before and after surgery. Scoliosis correction rates and @entity1513 correction rates were calculated. RESULTS: There were 686 pedicle screws placed in thoracolumbar of 32 @entity1 (including 544 thoracic pedicle screws,142 lumbar pedicle screws) and 14 @entity1 underwent osteotomy. The rate of malpositioned screws in thoracolumbar was 7.3% by evaluating with intraoperative CT,and it respectively was 5.6%,11.1%, 6.7% and 4.3% in @entity1514 , @entity5788 . The malpositioned screws were amended in surgery. The mean times of intraoperative CT was 2.6 times (ranged from 2 times to 4 times). The mean preoperative Cobb angle was 95 degrees (ranged from 78 degrees to 123 degrees) and the mean postoperative Cobb angle was 340 (ranged from 19 degrees to 53 degrees). The mean correction rate of Cobb angle was 64%. The mean preoperative @entity1513 angle of the @entity1 combined with thoracic @entity1513 was 69 degrees (ranged from 46 degrees to 82 degrees) and the mean postoperative @entity1513 angle was 32 degrees (ranged from 22 degrees to 45 degrees). The mean correction rate of @entity1513 angle was 54%. Four @entity1 suffered @entity5173 after surgery. No @entity455 were found. All @entity1 had an average 18-month follow-up (ranged from 12 to 26 months). No broken nails, broken rods and @entity1516 were founded. CONCLUSION: Application of in traoperative CT in severe @entity1635 with posterior total pedicle screws can detect and amend malpositioned screws timely in surgery, to avoid secondary surgery for malpositioned screws and protect the safety of surgery. The effects of surgery is satisfactory.

title: [Preliminary application of intraoperative CT in treatment of severe XXXX with posterior total pedicle screws].

entities_list: @entity5788 :: ('MESH:C562952', 'Disease') :: ['middle thoracic vertebra,lower thoracic vertebra and lumbar vertebra']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['infection, vascular lesion and nervous lesion']

entities_list: @entity1514 :: ('MESH:D013896', 'Disease') :: ['upper thoracic vertebra']

entities_list: @entity1635 :: ('MESH:D012600', 'Disease') :: ['scoliosis']

entities_list: @entity5173 :: ('MESH:D065634', 'Disease') :: ['cerebrospinal fluid leak']

entities_list: @entity1516 :: ('MESH:D011542', 'Disease') :: ['pseudarthrosis']

answer: @entity1635 :: (MESH:D012600,Disease) :: ['scoliosis']


abstract: AIMS: To examine the social triggers of @entity458 amongst a diverse sample of gay and bisexual @entity1 . DESIGN AND @entity1 : Qualitative interviews were conducted with 180 gay and bisexual @entity1 in the United States who self-identified that their sex lives were spinning out of control. The data were analyzed using a grounded theory approach to explore the range of social triggers that were driving sexual compulsions. MEASUREMENT: An open-ended interview and a structured clinical interview were conducted with each @entity1 . The interviews examined their experiences with @entity458 over time and the impact of their problematic sexual behaviors on their lives. FINDINGS: Two types of social triggers emerged from the data: event-centered triggers and contextual triggers. Event-centered triggers arise from sudden, unforeseen events. Two major event-centered triggers were identified: relationship turmoil and catastrophes. Contextual triggers, on the other hand, have a certain element of predictability, and included such things as location, @entity1 , the use of drugs, and pornography. CONCLUSIONS: This framework of triggers has clinical implications for the prevention and treatment of @entity458 . Clinicians can utilize the framework of social triggers in the therapeutic process to provide insight into ways to effectively work through symptoms of @entity458 . Awareness of the contextual aspects of @entity458 may be critical to understanding the behaviors of sexually compulsive clients. Thus, therapeutic assessments should focus upon the social context in addition to the @entity74 .

title: Accounting for the social triggers of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participant', 'PARTICIPANTS', 'people', 'men']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['psychological components of the disorder']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['sexual compulsivity']

answer: @entity458 :: (MESH:D020018,Disease) :: ['sexual compulsivity']


abstract: We document the presentation profiles, treatment strategies, and clinical outcomes in a relatively large cohort of pediatric @entity1 with @entity4615 ( @entity4615 ). We performed a retrospective review of @entity1 diagnosed with @entity4615 by echocardiography at a tertiary pediatric hospital during a 10-year period. These @entity1 received medical therapy or thrombectomy. We provided echocardiographic descriptions of the @entity4615 -size, chamber location, and mobility/morphology. The outcome measures were @entity4615 (persistence, resolution, or embolization), effectiveness of therapy, and @entity1 morbidity and mortality. There were 40 @entity4615 diagnosed in 31 @entity1 (22 males and 9 females). Mean age at diagnosis was 8.8 years (range, 15 days to 18 years). Overall mortality was 12/31 @entity1 (39%); only one @entity204 was attributed to @entity887 . Embolic events occurred in 4/31 @entity1 (13%). The most common initial therapies included heparin infusion (n = 15), @entity1229 (n = 7), and @entity117 (n = 7). The @entity4615 resolved with medical therapy alone in 19/30 @entity1 (63%). One @entity1 required surgical thrombectomy. The cohort was divided into group 1 ( @entity384 ), group 2 (status post Fontan operation), and group 3 (other diagnoses). In group 1 (n = 11), there were 8 deaths. Embolization occurred in 2/5 large @entity4615 , resulting in @entity385 and @entity204 (n = 1) and @entity1188 (n = 1). The most common @entity4615 location was the left ventricle (n = 10). @entity67 was present in 10/11 @entity1 (91%). In group 2 (n = 9), there was 1 @entity204 . Embolization occurred in 1/7 large @entity4615 , resulting in @entity410 and temporary paresis. All @entity4615 were located in the Fontan pathway. @entity67 was present in 2/9 @entity1 (22%). In group 3 (n = 11), there were 3 deaths. Embolization occurred in 1/9 small @entity4615 , resulting in coronary emboli. @entity4615 are most commonly diagnosed in pediatric @entity1 with @entity384 or @entity1 status post Fontan operation. The majority of @entity4615 resolve with medical therapy. @entity4615 tend to embolize more frequently, and the morbidity secondary to embolization is significant. Rarely is mortality due to @entity887 . The prognosis is poor for @entity1 with left @entity67 or @entity4615 in the presence of @entity67 .

title: Intracardiac thrombi in pediatric XXXX : presentation profiles and clinical outcomes.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['dilated cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity887 :: ('MESH:D004617', 'Disease') :: ['ICT embolization']

entities_list: @entity4615 :: ('MESH:C538262', 'Disease') :: ['intracardiac thrombi', 'Larger ICT', 'ICT']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['renal infarction']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular systolic dysfunction', 'ventricular ICT', 'Severe ventricular systolic dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1229 :: ('MESH:D014859', 'Chemical') :: ['warfarin']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral infarction']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: The occurrence, location, and severity of @entity925 were determined when @entity3369 was used in lieu of @entity2900 during outpatient laparoscopy. Postoperative @entity925 , in 11 body parts, was assessed by a linear analogue scale questionnaire that was completed by each @entity1 on the evening of surgery and for the next three mornings. All @entity1 had general endotracheal anesthesia with @entity3810 , thiopental, and @entity3575 . @entity2900 1.5 mg/kg (3-4 min after 3 mg of @entity2899 ) was given to 14 @entity1 for tracheal intubation and then by infusion for additional muscle relaxation. Another 14 @entity1 received @entity3369 50 micrograms/kg iv as the only muscle relaxant used; all of these @entity1 had residual neuromuscular blockade antagonized with @entity10445 7 micrograms/kg and @entity4560 0.5 mg/kg iv. Both groups were similar in age, weight, length of procedure, time to discharge, and amount of thiopental and @entity3575 used (P greater than 0.05). No difference was noted in either group with respect to the severity of @entity158 by body part over time. Mean total body @entity158 scores were generated for each group at all four intervals as an alternate type of analysis. No statistical significance was demonstrated by a Student's t test in any group at any interval sampled. The authors failed to demonstrate that the substitution of @entity3369 for @entity2900 lowers the incidence of @entity925 when used in outpatient diagnostic laparoscopy. They refrain from concluding that @entity3369 contributes to @entity925 , but feel justified in stating that the avoidance of @entity2900 did not lower the severity or occurrence of @entity925 after laparoscopy when @entity3369 was used in its place.

title: @entity925 occurs after outpatient laparoscopy despite the substitution of @entity3369 for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity4560 :: ('MESH:D004491', 'Chemical') :: ['edrophonium']

entities_list: @entity3369 :: ('MESH:D014673', 'Chemical') :: ['vecuronium']

entities_list: @entity3575 :: ('MESH:D005283', 'Chemical') :: ['fentanyl']

entities_list: @entity10445 :: ('MESH:D006024', 'Chemical') :: ['glycopyrrolate']

entities_list: @entity3810 :: ('MESH:D009609', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrous oxide']

entities_list: @entity2899 :: ('MESH:D014403', 'Chemical') :: ['d-tubocurarine']

entities_list: @entity925 :: ('MESH:D063806', 'Disease') :: ['muscle pain', 'postanesthetic myalgia', 'myalgia', 'muscle pains']

entities_list: @entity2900 :: ('MESH:D013390', 'Chemical') :: ['Succinylcholine', 'succinylcholine']

answer: @entity2900 :: (MESH:D013390,Chemical) :: ['succinylcholine']


abstract: Recent studies suggest that opioids can produce analgesia through peripheral mechanisms following inflammation of peripheral tissue. This study examined whether opioids administered prior to inflammation can produce antinociception by peripheral mechanisms in a model of @entity3825 . @entity19 were injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) with 1% @entity1543 to evoke @entity1661 , a standard model of @entity3825 . The number of writhes that occurred during 30 min after @entity1543 were determined. Intraperitoneal injection of @entity1286 (60, 90, 100 or 120 microg/0.3 ml) or the peripherally acting opioid @entity3062 (0.12, 0.36, 1.2 or 3.6 mg/0.3 ml) given 5 min after @entity1543 decreased writhing in a dose-dependent fashion. @entity1286 (100 microg) produced an 70% attenuation in the number of writhes while @entity3062 (1.2 mg) decreased writhing by 56%. These antinociceptive effects were blocked by pretreatment with the opioid receptor antagonists @entity1510 (10 mg/kg) and its quarternary version @entity19244 (10 mg/kg). To determine whether opioids produced preemptive antinociception via peripheral mechanisms, @entity19 received i.p. injections of @entity1286 (1, 5, and 10 microg/0.3 ml) or vehicle 5 min before @entity1543 . Doses of 5 and 10 microg @entity1286 inhibited the number of writhes by 51 and 93%, respectively. The highest dose (10 microg) was ineffective when given intravenously 5 min before @entity1543 , suggesting that antinociception following i.p. administration was acting via peripheral mechanisms. These data demonstrate that low doses of opioids, given before or after @entity1543 , produce visceral antinociception through peripheral mechanisms. This may be clinically relevant for the management of postoperative @entity490 .

title: Peripheral and preemptive opioid antinociception in a @entity19 XXXX model.

entities_list: @entity3825 :: ('MESH:D059265', 'Disease') :: ['visceral pain']

entities_list: @entity1661 :: ('MESH:D000008', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal writhing']

entities_list: @entity1510 :: ('MESH:D009270', 'Chemical') :: ['naloxone']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine sulfate', 'morphine', 'Morphine']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity19244 :: ('MESH:C041269', 'Chemical') :: ['naloxone methiodide']

entities_list: @entity1543 :: ('MESH:D019342', 'Chemical') :: ['acetic acid']

entities_list: @entity3062 :: ('MESH:D008139', 'Chemical') :: ['loperamide']

answer: @entity3825 :: (MESH:D059265,Disease) :: ['visceral pain']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We explore the role of dural sinus morphology, @entity3554 , and clot localization in the development of @entity2657 in acute @entity385 in anterior circulation. METHODS: This is a single-center retrospective study of consecutive @entity64 @entity1 with @entity432 ( @entity2500 ) treated with intravenous thrombolysis (from November 2009 to November 2014). Admission computed tomography angiography data were evaluated for @entity509 of dural sinuses, @entity3554 , and clot location. Primary outcome was midline shift (<5   mm versus >= 5   mm) on follow-up computed tomography. Secondary outcomes were @entity1188 volume and modified Rankin Scale score of 2 or lower at 90 days. Multivariate logistic regression was used. RESULTS: Of 86 @entity1 (49 females), 36 (42%) had poor collaterals, 26 (30%) had @entity50 , and 38 (44%) had proximal clots. A midline shift of 5   mm or higher was diagnosed in 14 @entity1 (16%). @entity1188 volume was larger in the group with midline shift (median: 318   mL [interquartile range {IQR}   =   260-350]) than in the group without midline shift (median: 44   mL [IQR   =   28-60]) (P   =   .007). In multivariate analysis, poor @entity3554 (odds ratio [OR]   =   .11, 95% confidence interval [CI]   =   .03-.44, P   =   .002 for good collaterals) and @entity50 (OR   =   6.43, 95% CI   =   1.5-46.1, P   =   .008) were independently associated with a midline shift of 5   mm or higher. CONCLUSION: @entity1 with poor @entity3554 and @entity509 of dural sinuses are more likely to develop midline shift.

title: XXXX and Poor Leptomeningeal Collaterals as Midline Shift Predictors.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2657 :: ('MESH:D001929', 'Disease') :: ['malignant brain edema']

entities_list: @entity2500 :: ('MESH:D020244', 'Disease') :: ['middle cerebral artery M1        intracranial internal carotid artery']

entities_list: @entity509 :: ('MESH:C538429', 'Disease') :: ['hypoplasia', 'ipsilesional hypoplasia']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['Infarct', 'infarct']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['acute occlusion']

entities_list: @entity50 :: ('MESH:D012851', 'Disease') :: ['ipsilesional sinus hypoplasia']

entities_list: @entity3554 :: ('MESH:D008577', 'Disease') :: ['leptomeningeal collaterals']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity50 :: (MESH:D012851,Disease) :: ['Ipsilateral Sinus Hypoplasia']


abstract: PURPOSE: To assess the efficacy and @entity137 of @entity5747 , @entity701 , @entity3086 , and @entity12194 in previously untreated @entity263 . @entity1 AND METHODS: @entity1 with stage D2 and poor-prognosis stage @entity263 were given @entity5747 on a pharmacokinetically derived dosing schedule to maintain @entity5747 concentrations between 175 and 300 micrograms/mL. Additionally, all @entity1 received @entity12194 250 mg orally three times daily, initiated on day 1 and continued until disease progression; depot @entity3086 7.5 mg intramuscularly begun on day 5 and repeated every 4 weeks indefinitely; and replacement doses of @entity701 . RESULTS: Fifty @entity1 were entered onto the study: 48 with stage D2 and two with stage D1 disease. The median age was 59 years (range, 42 to 79) and 31 @entity1 had a Karnofsky performance status (KPS) of 100%. Forty-five @entity1 had bone metastases and 25 had measurable soft tissue disease. Forty-one (82%) had severe disease. The overall response rate in 49 assessable @entity1 was three complete responses (CRs) and 30 partial responses (PRs) for an overall response rate of 67%. Eighteen @entity1 have died. The median survival time has not been reached, with a median potential follow-up duration of 44 months. Grade 3 to 4 @entity137 was seen in 38% of @entity1 and was predominantly hematologic and reversible. CONCLUSION: The high response rate and prolonged survival in a poor-prognosis group of @entity1 with @entity263 warrant a phase III randomized comparison of this regimen versus hormonal therapy alone. @entity137 was moderate and reversible.

title: Phase II trial of @entity5747 , XXXX , and @entity12194 in previously untreated @entity263 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity3086 :: ('MESH:D016729', 'Chemical') :: ['leuprolide']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'Toxicity']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['D1 prostate cancer', 'metastatic prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity12194 :: ('MESH:D005485', 'Chemical') :: ['flutamide']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrocortisone']

answer: @entity3086 :: (MESH:D016729,Chemical) :: ['leuprolide']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the treatment of mild-to-moderate epidermal @entity1709 and photodamage using a 4% @entity8156 skin care system plus @entity1968 0.02% cream. METHODS: Single-center, investigator-blinded study in 39 adult females with mild-to-moderate epidermal @entity1709 , mild-to-marked @entity2118 intensity, and Fitzpatrick skin type III to VI treated for 24 weeks. Improvements in @entity1709 severity, @entity2118 intensity, photodamage, and @entity1 satisfaction were assessed at weeks 4, 8, 12, 18, and 24. Cutaneous tolerability was assessed by investigator (erythema, dryness, peeling) and @entity1 (burning and stinging). Adverse events (AEs) were monitored throughout. RESULTS: Melasma severity, @entity2118 intensity, and @entity1709 area and severity index (MASI) scores relative to baseline were all significantly reduced from week 4 onward (P<.001). In addition, signs of facial photodamage were significantly improved. At week 24, 87.9% of @entity1 were "satisfied" or "very satisfied" with the overall treatment effectiveness and Quality of Life (QoL) was much improved. No @entity1 discontinued due to lack of efficacy or treatment-related AEs. One @entity1 (2.8%) reported severe cutaneous intolerability (erythema at week 4). CONCLUSION: Treating mild-to-moderate @entity1709 using a 4% @entity8156 skin care system plus 0.02% @entity1968 cream can significantly reduce the severity and intensity of @entity1709 and associated @entity2118 , and improve signs of photodamage within four weeks. Treatment was generally well tolerated and associated with high levels of @entity1 satisfaction.

title: Investigator-Blinded, Single-Center Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Tolerability of a 4% @entity8156 Skin Care System Plus 0.02% XXXX Cream in Mild-to-Moderate Melasma and Photodamage.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity8156 :: ('MESH:C031927', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroquinone']

entities_list: @entity2118 :: ('MESH:D010859', 'Disease') :: ['pigmentation']

entities_list: @entity1968 :: ('MESH:D014212', 'Chemical') :: ['tretinoin']

answer: @entity1968 :: (MESH:D014212,Chemical) :: ['Tretinoin']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To comparatively assess the clinical outcome of modified unilateral percutaneous vertebroplasty for the treatment of @entity3814 . METHODS: The clinical outcome and incidence of cement extrusion in a consecutive group of 70 @entity1 at our institution between December 2005 and December 2008 was retrospectively reviewed. Thirty-five @entity1 were randomly distributed to modified percutaneous vertebroplasty (Group A) and 35 to traditional percutaneous vertebroplasty (Group B). A visual analog scale (VAS) was used on the first post-operative day and 1 year later to assess the severity of @entity158 before and after vertebroplasty. The incidence of cement extrusion on CT scan was also compared between the two groups. RESULTS: The treatment was successful in all seventy @entity1 . The incidence of cement extrusion was 14.29% (5/35 @entity1 ) in group A, and 37.12% (13/35 @entity1 ) in group B, this difference being statistically significant (P < 0.05). No @entity1 had serious complications. Complete @entity158 relief was achieved in 50 @entity1 , and significant relief in the other 20 (20/70 @entity1 ). There was no statistically significant difference between Groups A and B. CONCLUSION: Modified percutaneous vertebroplasty enhances the accuracy of cement injection into the center of the vertebral body, increasing the safety of the procedure with no increase in cost. It is a safer and more easily performed technique for treating @entity1 with @entity3814 than traditional percutaneous vertebroplasty.

title: Modified unilateral transpedicular percutaneous vertebroplasty for treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3814 :: ('MESH:D050815', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures']

answer: @entity3814 :: (MESH:D050815,Disease) :: ['osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the expression of midkine and pleiotropin in malignant @entity43 with that in normal and benign ovarian tissue. METHODS: Total RNA was isolated from 23 samples of normal ovaries, 15 @entity43 , and 36 malignant @entity43 . Midkine and pleiotropin gene expression was examined by using Northern blot analysis. To confirm the localization of midkine expression, in situ hybridization and immunohistochemical analyses were performed. The truncated midkine messenger RNA was examined using polymerase chain reaction with complementary DNA synthesized from total RNA with reverse transcriptase. RESULTS: Expression of midkine gene was observed in 19 of 23 normal ovary samples and in 51 of 53 @entity43 (13 of 15 benign, both of the two borderline @entity5 , and all 36 @entity5 ). Pleiotropin gene was expressed in six normal ovaries and in 24 @entity5 (nine benign, two borderline, and 13 @entity5 ). The expression of midkine in @entity2971 was significantly lower than in @entity5 , whereas expression in @entity189 was significantly higher than in benign ones. In @entity2971 , two samples with differentiated neural tissues showed high levels of pleiotropin gene expression. In situ hybridization and immunohistochemical analysis showed strong expression of midkine in @entity5 cells. The truncated midkine messenger RNA was not found in any of the normal, benign, or malignant tissues examined. CONCLUSION: These results suggest an association between midkine and @entity105 . Expression of pleiotropin is more restricted, and high levels of its expression may be correlated with neural differentiation.

title: Expression of midkine and pleiotropin in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian tumors', 'benign ovarian tumors']

entities_list: @entity2971 :: ('MESH:D009373', 'Disease') :: ['germ cell tumors']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors', 'malignant tumors', 'cancer', 'epithelial tumors']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['malignant epithelial tumors']

entities_list: @entity105 :: ('MESH:D063646', 'Disease') :: ['carcinogenesis']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['ovarian tumors']


abstract: The hypothesis was tested whether under the presence of a membrane defect of hepatocytes an activation of the complement system leads to massive @entity157 . Low doses of @entity11485 (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg) were administered to @entity35 with and without an additional i.v. injection of sublethal doses of endotoxin (1.5 mg/kg). The latter was done in order to activate the complement system via the C3-bypath. Neither after doses of 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg nor after an additional administration endotoxin @entity157 were observed. A dose of 200 mg/kg led to moderate @entity157 , and when administered with endotoxin fulminant @entity99 developed. The explanation was given that only after 200 mg/kg alterations of hepatocytes membranes were present, which prepare liver cells for complement mediated hepatocytolysis. In @entity35 to which 1 g/kg @entity11485 was given in addition to endotoxin it was demonstrated by immunohistology that the third component of complement was already fixed on hepatocyte plasma membranes at hour 3 and was accumulated within areas of @entity409 parenchymal cells at hour 12. Thus, liver cell death is suggested as complement mediated if the membranes are altered. Clinical implications are given in concern of @entity879 and an approach to effective treatment regims.

title: Synergistic action of hepatocyte membrane defect and activated complement system in liver cell death--an experimental approach to XXXX .

entities_list: @entity11485 :: ('MESH:D005688', 'Chemical') :: ['galactosamine']

entities_list: @entity879 :: ('MESH:D017114', 'Disease') :: ['fulminant hepatic failure']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['necrotic liver']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['liver cell necrosis']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic necrosis']

answer: @entity879 :: (MESH:D017114,Disease) :: ['fulminant hepatic failure']


abstract: BACKGROUND:    The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services' (CMS's) Hospital Inpatient Quality Reporting program includes the initial selection of antibiotics for adult @entity497 ( @entity497 ) @entity1 as a performance measure. A multidisciplinary team defined opportunities for improving performance in appropriate antibiotic use among @entity497 @entity1 . The team consisted of personnel from the @entity341 ( @entity341 ), the antimicrobial stewardship program (infectious disease, pharmacy), and performance improvement. DESIGN:    Quasi-experimental before-after study. SETTING:    A large, urban, multicampus academic medical center. Interventions.   Interventions included an algorithm for @entity341 providers identifying appropriate antibiotic selections, development of a @entity497 kit consisting of appropriate antibiotics and dosing regimens bundled with the treatment algorithm, and preloading an automated @entity341 medication dispensing and management system. A quality improvement methodology ("plan, do, check, act") was used to pilot stewardship interventions at one @entity341 campus and later at a second @entity341 campus. RESULTS:    In the pilot @entity341 , appropriate antibiotic selection for @entity497 improved from 54.9% before the intervention in 2008 to 93.4% after the intervention in 2011 (P = .001). Subsequently, in the second @entity341 appropriate antibiotic regimens for @entity497 improved from 64.6% before the intervention in 2008 to 91.3% after the intervention in 2011 (P = .004)). The rates of another CMS measure, antibiotic administration within 6 hours, were not statistically different before and after the interventions. In an interrupted time series logistic regression analysis, the intervention was found to be significantly associated with the improved prescribing ([Formula: see text]). DISCUSSION:    The combination of interdisciplinary teamwork, antibiotic stewardship, education, and information technology is associated with replicable and sustained prescribing improvements.

title: Antimicrobial stewardship and automated pharmacy technology improve antibiotic appropriateness for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['emergency department', 'ED']

entities_list: @entity497 :: ('MESH:D003147', 'Disease') :: ['CAP', 'community-acquired pneumonia']

answer: @entity497 :: (MESH:D003147,Disease) :: ['community-acquired pneumonia']


abstract: The commonly used genetic approaches in @entity375 are designed to identify defects in cell/colony growth. In order to identify genes which control molecular mechanisms during quiescence ('stationary phase'), different tactics are required. We describe the development of a new genetic approach based on the previous observations that gene expression in quiescent @entity375 cells is largely repressed. For studying the mechanism controlling the repression of gene expression in stationary phase, we use @entity8290 -lacZ as a reporter gene. The product of this fusion gene was shown previously to encode an unstable protein in dividing cells. We show here that it is also unstable in stationary cells. We demonstrate that the relatively short half-life of this reporter protein can be utilized to monitor the dynamics of the repression of gene expression during stationary phase in liquid culture, using @entity18935 or @entity36665 promoters as the model promoters. By adapting a colony color test, we show that the reporter gene can also be used to monitor gene expression in quiescent colonies, thus serving as a tool to screen for defects in the regulation of this process during growth arrest. The utility of the approach was demonstrated by confirming the defects of top1Delta and bcy1Delta cells to appropriately express the @entity18935 - @entity8290 -lacZ in stationary phase. The mutant colonies were easily discernible from wild-type colonies by our color test. Finally, using @entity36665 - @entity8290 -lacZ as the reporter gene, we found that the 5'-untranslated region of @entity36665 mRNA is sufficient to repress translation of the reporter mRNA after entry of the cells into stationary phase. The possibility that the short length of the @entity36665 5'-untranslated region is a major determinant of the inefficient translation of @entity36665 - @entity8290 -lacZ in stationary phase is discussed.

title: Monitoring dynamics of gene expression in XXXX during stationary phase.

entities_list: @entity375 :: ('4932', 'Species') :: ['yeast', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae']

answer: @entity375 :: (4932,Species) :: ['yeast']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The personality trait of @entity734 is common in health-seeking behaviour. We therefore examined its impact in a large randomized controlled trial of psychological treatment for health @entity148 . AIMS: To test whether @entity13754 were positive or negative in determining the outcome of an adapted form of cognitive behaviour therapy for health @entity148 the course of 5   years and whether @entity13754 could be viewed dimensionally in a similar way to the new ICD-11 diagnostic system for general @entity1314 . METHOD: @entity13754 was assessed using a self-rated questionnaire, the @entity13754 Questionnaire, at baseline in a randomized controlled trial of 444 @entity1 from medical clinics with pathological health @entity148 treated with a modified form of CBT-HA or standard treatment in the medical clinics, with assessment on five occasions over 5   years. @entity13754 was assessed using four severity groups. RESULTS: @entity1 with mild and moderate @entity13754 treated with CBT-HA showed the greatest reduction in health @entity148 compared with standard care, and those with no dependent dysfunction showed the least benefit. @entity1 with higher dependent traits received significantly more treatment sessions (8.6) than those with low trait levels (5.4) (p   <   0.01). CONCLUSION: The results suggest that @entity1 treated with cognitive behaviour therapy for health @entity148 respond better if they have moderate @entity13754 . The reasons for this may be related to better adherence to psychological treatment and greater negative effects of frequent reassurance and excessive consultation in those treated in standard care. Copyright    2016 John Wiley _ Sons, Ltd.

title: Dimensions of @entity734 and their influence on the outcome of cognitive behaviour therapy for health XXXX : randomized controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['anxiety (CBT-HA) over', 'anxiety']

entities_list: @entity13754 :: ('MESH:D003859', 'Disease') :: ['Dependent personality dysfunction', 'dependent personality dysfunction', 'dependent personality traits', 'dependent personality disorder', 'Dependent Personality', 'dependent personality']

entities_list: @entity1314 :: ('MESH:D010554', 'Disease') :: ['personality disorder']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['dependence']

answer: @entity148 :: (MESH:D001008,Disease) :: ['anxiety']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: In recent years there has been increasing interest in isolated @entity16 . We present a case with an unusual association of this @entity16 and a @entity5 of Meckel's cavum. CLINICAL CASE: A 24 year old @entity1 consulted for occasional episodes (during the previous two months) of dysesthesia of the right maxillary region. These were self-limiting and lasted only a few minutes. There was no lacrimation, apparent trigger factor, conjunctival injection or reduction in level of consciousness. There were no abnormal findings either on general or on full neurological examination. On cranial CT there was no signal from the tip of the right petrous temporal bone, but no space-occupying lesion nor pathological uptake of contrast material. On cranial MR there was an extra-axial lesion in the superior part of the tip of the right petrous temporal bone of 2 x 2 cm, localized to Meckel's cavum and right cavernous sinus, with a small lobule in the right lateral part of the prepontine cisterna. CONCLUSIONS: Trigeminal @entity16 has been described in association with different @entity2597 , @entity281 of the central nervous system, vascular dilatations and very varied types of @entity5 , particularly @entity1653 . The commonest site for lesions related to this clinical condition is the posterior fossa. @entity5 in Meckel's cavum is rarely found in relation to this diagnosis, and from our review of the literature, @entity5 seems to be rare.

title: [Isolated trigeminal XXXX associated with a fatty tumor of Meckel's cavum].

entities_list: @entity2597 :: ('MESH:D003240', 'Disease') :: ['connective tissue disorders']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['involvement of fatty tumours', 'A tumour', 'tumours', 'fatty tumour']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['sensory neuropathy', 'trigeminal sensory neuropathy', 'neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity1653 :: ('MESH:D008579', 'Disease') :: ['meningioma']

answer: @entity16 :: (MESH:D009422,Disease) :: ['neuropathy']


abstract: Objective. This study aimed to investigate the angiographic manifestations of lower extremity @entity731 steno-occlusive disease in @entity1 with @entity6 . Materials and Methods. A total of 162 @entity1 with @entity6 were enrolled in this study. The angiographic findings of lower extremity @entity455 were evaluated according to location (iliac, femoral, popliteal, and crural artery), type ( @entity850 or occlusion), and length (<5   cm, 5-10   cm, and >5   cm). Results. A total of 131 of 162 (80.9%) diabetics showed @entity1347 , and 19.1% (31/162) presented @entity1347 in the lower extremity artery. Crural artery was the mainly involved location (39/162, 85.8%). Among the recorded 660 lesions of 162 cases, 437 (66.2%) were @entity432 , while 223 (33.8%) were @entity850 lesions. Of 437 @entity432 , 308 lesions (70.5%) were in crural artery. More than 10   cm occlusion lesion (242/392, 61.7%) was the main manifestation in crural artery, especially in anterior (92/127, 67.2%) and posterior tibial arteries (91/124, 73.4%), which was higher than that in iliac artery (8/33, 24.2%), popliteal artery (53/157, 33.8%), and femoral artery (11/78, 14.1%). Conclusion. In @entity6 subjects with lower limb @entity63 , the vascular involvement is extremely diffuse and particularly severe in crural arteries, with high prevalence of more than 10 cm @entity432 .

title: Features analysis of lower extremity XXXX in 162 @entity6 @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['arterial lesions']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['artery ischemia']

entities_list: @entity1347 :: ('MESH:C537775', 'Disease') :: ['single segmental lesions', 'multiple segmental lesions']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['occlusion lesions']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerotic']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

answer: @entity455 :: (MESH:D014652,Disease) :: ['arterial lesions']


abstract: To assess the effects of @entity39430 on stable @entity951 of effort and its impact on metabolic risk factors, a comparison study of this beta 1-blocking agent and @entity2165 was undertaken in 40 subjects (mean age 51 years). After a 4-week, single-blind, placebo washout period, 12 @entity1 and 8 @entity1 were randomized to receive 150 mg of @entity39430 twice daily and 12 @entity1 and 8 @entity1 to treatment with 100 mg of @entity2165 once daily in a parallel, double-blind, 12-week treatment phase. @entity1 were assessed at weeks 2, 6 and 12 after bicycle exercise until angina or ST-segment @entity308 greater than or equal to 0.15 mV appeared. Concentrations of @entity165 lipoproteins and 3 @entity3009 metabolites were determined. One @entity1 receiving @entity39430 was withdrawn from the study because of insufficient efficacy and 2 receiving @entity2165 were withdrawn because of side effects. After 2 weeks of therapy, significant decreases were seen in both groups in the number of @entity951 , mean sitting heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, mean maximum heart rate during exercise and mean double-product of systolic blood pressure and heart rate at the end of exercise. There was a trend toward significance in the increase of mean duration of exercise and total work performed with both agents, although these values were not statistically significant. Both high density lipoproteins and the ratio of high density lipoproteins to low density lipoproteins increased in the @entity39430 group and decreased in the @entity2165 group. These changes were statistically significant at week 6.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Effects of @entity39430 and @entity2165 on symptoms, exercise tolerance and metabolic risk factors in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity3009 :: ('CHEBI:26333', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandin']

entities_list: @entity951 :: ('MESH:D000787', 'Disease') :: ['angina attacks', 'angina pectoris']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

entities_list: @entity2165 :: ('MESH:D001262', 'Chemical') :: ['atenolol']

entities_list: @entity39430 :: ('MESH:C021148', 'Chemical') :: ['bevantolol']

answer: @entity951 :: (MESH:D000787,Disease) :: ['angina pectoris']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although intentional self- @entity4968 is a major public health problem in rural parts of the Asia-Pacific region, relatively little is known of its epidemiology. We aimed to determine why @entity3595 Lankan self- @entity4968 @entity1 choose particular poisons, and whether acts of self-harm with highly dangerous poisons were associated with more premeditation and effort. METHODS: We interviewed 268 self- @entity4968 @entity1 presenting to two district general hospitals in rural @entity3595 Lanka. RESULTS: Eighty-five percent of @entity1 cited easy availability as the basis for their choice of poison. There was little premeditation: more than 50% ingested the poison less than 30 minutes after deciding to self-harm. @entity1 had little knowledge about treatment options or lethality of the poison chosen. We found no difference in reasons for choice of poison between @entity1 ingesting different poisons, despite marked differences in @entity137 , and between @entity1 who died and those who survived. CONCLUSIONS: Poisons were chosen on the basis of availability, often at short notice. There was no evidence that @entity1 using highly toxic poisons made a more serious or premeditated attempt. Restrictions on availability of highly toxic poisons in rural communities must be considered in strategies to reduce the number of intentional self- @entity4968 deaths in the Asia Pacific region.

title: Choice of poison for intentional self- XXXX in rural @entity3595 Lanka.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity4968 :: ('MESH:D011041', 'Disease') :: ['poisoning']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

answer: @entity4968 :: (MESH:D011041,Disease) :: ['poisoning']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Individuals with @entity4595 exhibit colonization and infection of the respiratory system, with a consequent alteration of the macroscopic appearance of secretions, which ranges from mucoid to purulent. Purulence is related to the structural conformation, rheological profile, and transport indexes of mucus. We analyzed and compared the transport properties of respiratory secretions with mucoid appearance versus those with purulent appearance in @entity1 with @entity4595 and in subjects without @entity358 . METHODS: In a simulated cough machine we assessed the mucociliary transport and contact angle of 32 mucoid and 19 purulent samples from subjects with @entity4595 , and 21 samples from subjects without @entity358 . RESULTS: Mucociliary transport was lower in the mucoid samples (0.78    0.22) and in the purulent samples (0.73    0.22) than in the samples from subjects without @entity358 (1    0.19). The purulent samples had less displacement in the simulated cough machine (7.57    3 cm) than did the mucoid samples (23    15 cm) or the samples from subjects without @entity358 (34    8.4 cm), as did the mucoid samples compared to the samples from subjects without @entity358 . The purulent samples had a higher contact angle (25    6.1  ) than the mucoid samples (17    7.8  ) or the samples from subjects without @entity358 (10    2.5  ), as did the mucoid samples compared to the samples from subjects without @entity358 . CONCLUSIONS: Respiratory secretions in individuals with @entity4595 have poor transport properties, which manifest as reduced mucociliary transport, reduced mucus transport by cough, and higher contact angle. These features were more accentuated in the purulent samples. This simple classification can be used by therapists to plan treatments, and by researchers to obtain more homogeneity between groups of subjects.

title: The influence of purulence on ciliary and cough transport in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['lung disease']

entities_list: @entity4595 :: ('MESH:D001987', 'Disease') :: ['bronchiectasis']

answer: @entity4595 :: (MESH:D001987,Disease) :: ['bronchiectasis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Severe @entity565 is characterized by elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and @entity32 in the airways. Blood cytokines, markers of ' @entity32 , may be a feature of amplified @entity32 in severe @entity565 . OBJECTIVE: To detect differences in @entity687 , @entity310 , @entity17090 and @entity4047 levels in the serum(s) of stable severe and mild-moderate @entity748 related to blood leucocytes proportion, airway calibre and exhaled @entity842 (NO) levels. METHODS: We assessed cytokine serum levels by ELISA and blood leucocyte counts by an alkaline peroxidase method in 20 healthy controls, 22 mild-moderate [forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1)(%pred): 89+/-3] and 14 severe @entity748 [FEV1(%pred): 49+/-2]. RESULTS: @entity687 and @entity310 levels were higher in severe @entity748 than in mild-moderate @entity748 or in controls (P<0.05). No differences in @entity17090 and @entity4047 levels were detected. Severe @entity748 showed higher circulating neutrophil and eosinophil number than controls (P<0.05). In severe @entity748 , exhaled NO levels were superior than in controls (P<0.05), but inferior than in mild-moderate @entity748 (P<0.05). We found positive correlation between @entity310 levels and exhaled NO (r=0.67; P=0.01) or circulating neutrophil counts (r=0.57; P=0.03) in severe @entity748 . CONCLUSION: sTNF-alpha and sIL-8 are markers of ' @entity32 in severe @entity748 , in conjunction with augmented circulating neutrophils, suggesting the involvement of neutrophil-derived cytokine pattern in severe @entity565 .

title: High serum levels of tumour necrosis factor-alpha and @entity687 in severe @entity565 : markers of systemic XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity748 :: ('MESH:D013224', 'Disease') :: ['asthmatics']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation', 'neutrophilic inflammation', "systemic' inflammation"]

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

answer: @entity32 :: (MESH:D007249,Disease) :: ['inflammation']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The effectiveness of @entity737 ( @entity737 ) therapy for the management of catecholaminergic polymorphic @entity1165 ( @entity1165 ) in young @entity1 is not known. @entity737 discharges are not always effective and inappropriate discharges are common, both resulting in morbidity and mortality. METHODS AND RESULTS: This is a multicenter, retrospective review of young @entity1 with catecholaminergic polymorphic @entity1165 and ICDs from 5 centers. @entity737 discharges were evaluated to determine @entity943 mechanism, appropriateness, efficacy of therapy, and complications. A total of 24 @entity1 were included. Median (interquartile range) ages at onset of catecholaminergic polymorphic @entity1165 symptoms and @entity737 implant were 10.6 (5.0-13.8) years and 13.7 (10.7-16.3) years, respectively. Fourteen @entity1 received 140 shocks. Ten @entity1 (42%) experienced 75 appropriate shocks and 11 @entity1 (46%) received 65 inappropriate shocks. On actuarial analysis, freedom from appropriate shock at 1 year after @entity737 implant was 75%. Of appropriate shocks, only 43 (57%) demonstrated successful primary termination. All successful appropriate @entity737 discharges were for @entity2224 . No episodes of polymorphic @entity1165 or bidirectional @entity1165 demonstrated successful primary termination. The adjusted mean (95% confidence interval) cycle length of successful discharges was significantly shorter than unsuccessful discharges (168 [152-184] ms versus 245 [229-262] ms; adjusted P=0.002). Electrical storm occurred in 29% (4/14) and induction of more @entity943 in 36% (5/14). There were no deaths. CONCLUSIONS: @entity737 efficacy in catecholaminergic polymorphic @entity1165 depends on @entity943 mechanism. Episodes of @entity2224 were uniformly successfully treated, whereas polymorphic and bidirectional @entity1165 did not demonstrate successful primary termination. Inappropriate shocks, electrical storm, and @entity737 complications were common.

title: Efficacy of implantable cardioverter defibrillators in young XXXX with catecholaminergic polymorphic @entity1165 : success depends on substrate.

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['VT', 'ventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity737 :: ('MESH:D057873', 'Disease') :: ['ICD', 'implantable cardioverter-defibrillator']

entities_list: @entity2224 :: ('MESH:D014693', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmia', 'malignant ventricular arrhythmias']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: We report a 66-year-old @entity1 who had a @entity4937 containing a @entity652 , in the head of the pancreas and a coexistent invasive, well differentiated solid @entity420 in the tail of the pancreas. He was hospitalized with acute epigastralgia. Computed tomography demonstrated a multilocular cystic mass in the head of the pancreas and a solid @entity5 in the tail. Endoscopic retrograde pancreatography showed @entity3558 secretion from an enlarged papilla of Vater, marked dilatation of the main pancreatic duct in the head and body, @entity384 of the uncinate branch, and irregular narrowing of the main pancreatic duct in the tail. Total pancreatectomy was performed. Between the @entity5 and the solid @entity5 there was a distance of 4.8 cm of normal pancreatic parenchyma and duct, recognized both grossly and microscopically. The @entity1 died 35 months after the operation. At @entity298 was found in the abdominal cavity. @entity3178 , disseminated nodules were also well differentiated @entity420 . The apparent anatomic separation of these two @entity5 within the pancreas is extremely unusual.

title: Intraductal @entity4937 with XXXX hypersecretion and coexistent invasive ductal carcinoma of the pancreas with apparent topographic separation.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cystic tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['cystic dilatation']

entities_list: @entity4937 :: ('MESH:D000231', 'Disease') :: ['cystic intraductal papillary adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3178 :: ('MESH:D046728', 'Disease') :: ['Microscopically']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['papillary adenoma']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['tubular adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['autopsy, peritonitis carcinomatosa']

answer: @entity3558 :: (100508689,Gene) :: ['mucin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The peritoneal equilibration test (PET) is a useful assessment of peritoneal function in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) @entity1 . However, the natural course of longitudinal change in peritoneal transport is not well defined. @entity1 : We studied 105 unselected CAPD @entity1 . Average age at enrollment was 50.7 +/- 11.3 years. METHODS: A PET was performed at enrollment. Peritoneal transport was expressed as dialysate-to-plasma @entity1011 ratio at 4 hours ( @entity3130 ). Fibrosing factors and mesothelial cell markers, including @entity2533 , @entity4179 ( @entity4179 ), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), hyaluronan, and @entity5 antigen 125 (CA125), were measured in overnight @entity298 ( @entity298 ). @entity1 were followed for two years. @entity298 episodes were recorded. Severe @entity298 was defined as an episode that required catheter removal or antibiotic therapy for more than 3 weeks. After two years, 75 @entity1 were still alive and on CAPD. RESULTS: The PET was repeated in 64 @entity1 , of whom 35 were male and 9 had @entity6 . The change in D/P over two years was represented as AD/P. No significant change in peritoneal transport was seen after two years (D/P: 0.56 +/- 0.12 vs 0.55 +/- 0.13). A centripetal pattern of change in D/P was observed. The @entity31864 /P had normal distribution and was inversely correlated with D/P at baseline (r = -0.427, p < 0.005). Both results suggest a regression-to-mean phenomenon. The @entity31864 /P had no significant correlation with the total number of @entity298 episodes (Spearman r = 0.052, p = 0.74), but after severe @entity298 , affected @entity1 had higher @entity31864 /P than @entity1 who experienced no severe @entity281 (0.040 +/- 0.136 vs -0.032 +/- 0.120, p < 0.05). For @entity1 with no episodes of severe @entity298 (n = 47), @entity31864 /P was weakly correlated with baseline @entity2533 level (r = -0.506, p < 0.01). No correlation was seen between the levels of other fibrosing factors and change in peritoneal transport. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that the centripetal change of peritoneal transport probably reflects a regression-to-mean phenomenon. Peritoneal transport increases after severe @entity298 . The role of @entity2533 levels in @entity298 with regard to longitudinal change in peritoneal transport requires further study.

title: Longitudinal study of peritoneal membrane function in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis: relationship with XXXX and fibrosing factors.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity4179 :: ('1950', 'Gene') :: ['epidermal growth factor', 'EGF']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['PDE', 'Peritonitis', 'peritoneal dialysate effluent', 'peritonitis']

answer: @entity298 :: (MESH:D010538,Disease) :: ['peritonitis']


abstract: OBJECT: McLone and Knepper's unified theory of @entity1645 ( @entity1645 ) describes how the loss of CSF via the open posterior neuropore fails to create adequate distending pressure for the developing rhomboencephalic vesicle. The authors of the present article describe the relationship between the posterior fossa volume and @entity76 as being related to the distance from the obex of the fourth ventricle to the @entity75 using a common mathematical model, the Hagen-Poiseuille law. METHODS: All newborns who required closure of a myelomeningocele at the authors' institution between 2008 and 2011 and who were between 4 weeks premature and 2 months, corrected gestational age, at the time of MRI were included in this study. Volumes and measurements were obtained from axial and sagittal T2-weighted MR images of the brain and spine. RESULTS: A total of 56 newborn @entity1 met the inclusion criteria. There was a direct linear relationship between both posterior fossa volume and cerebellar volume and the spinal level of the @entity75 (p = 0.0012 and p = 0.0041, respectively). There was a negative linear relationship between the cerebellar descent, the spinal level of the lesion, and posterior fossa volume and cerebellar volume. These relationships strengthen in @entity1 with no @entity1644 and are not significant in those groups with @entity1644 . The results of a 1-way ANOVA for the 3 groups did not reach significance. CONCLUSIONS: Using a linear equation derived from the Hagen-Poiseuille law that describes pressure in the fourth ventricle as being directly related to the length of the central canal from the obex to the @entity75 , the authors were able to explain the directly observed linear relation between posterior fossa volume, @entity76 , and cerebellar descent to the level of the spinal lesion. As this model assumes a uniform radius of the central canal they were able to validate this model when they observed a strengthening in relationships in the no @entity1644 group and statistically insignificant correlations in the groups with @entity1644 . They therefore propose that the spinal level of the lesion is one of the major determinants of posterior fossa volume, @entity76 , and @entity76 .

title: Spinal level of XXXX as a contributing factor in posterior fossa volume, @entity76 , and @entity76 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity1644 :: ('MESH:D013595', 'Disease') :: ['syringomyelia']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['myelomeningocele lesion']

entities_list: @entity1645 :: ('MESH:D001139', 'Disease') :: ['Chiari malformation Type II', 'CM-II']

entities_list: @entity76 :: ('MESH:D002526', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial cerebellar volume', 'cerebellar ectopia']

answer: @entity75 :: (MESH:D001927,Disease) :: ['myelomeningocele lesion']