abstract: PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and the safety of bimatoprost in an outpatient @entity726 practice and to correlate the responsiveness to this treatment with the @entity2840 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Our retrospective analysis included 55 consecutive @entity1 (mean age, 66 years). Bimatoprost was administered in monotherapy in 32 @entity1 and in combined treatment in 23. Mean follow-up was 5.5 months. In bilateral treatments (33/55 @entity1 ), only one eye (with the more severe defect and/or the higher IOP) was included in the analysis. The @entity1 were considered as responders to bimatoprost when the observed reduction of IOP was > or = 20% and/or at least 3 mmHg compared with the pretreatment IOP. The mean @entity2840 ( @entity2840 ) was extrapolated from five consecutive measurements with the ultrasonic pachymeter Pachette. RESULTS: Overall, the mean IOP was reduced from a pretreatment value of 21.1 mmHg to 17.3 mmHg at the last visit (mean IOP decrease, 3.6 mmHg, or 17%) (p < 0.05). Except for four @entity1 (7.3%) who discontinued bimatoprost secondary to local or systemic adverse effects, ocular tolerance of bimatoprost was excellent in 62%. Moderate @entity3169 was present in 18%. The mean IOP reduction was 19% in monotherapy and 15% in combined treatments. Concomitantly, the percentage of responders was slightly higher in @entity1 only receiving bimatoprost than in @entity1 receiving bimatoprost associated with other medication (s). In monotherapy, bimatoprost induced a further IOP decrease of 12% compared with a previous association of two medications that did not include a @entity3009 (10 @entity1 ). In the 20 @entity1 in whom bimatoprost had replaced another @entity3009 , a further mean IOP reduction of 11% was observed. The frequency of distribution of the responders to bimatoprost was not correlated with @entity2840 (chi2, p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Considering the limits of this study, our results suggested that bimatoprost was effective and well tolerated in most @entity1 . The decrease in IOP and responsiveness to treatment appeared to be slightly higher in monotherapy than in combined treatments, equivalent to a combination of two medications without @entity3009 and equivalent to or slightly higher than other @entity2918 . The degree of responsiveness did not seem to be correlated with @entity2840 .

title: [Bimatoprost in the treatment of ocular hypertension and chronic XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity2840 :: ('MESH:C563262', 'Disease') :: ['central corneal thickness', 'CCT']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity2918 :: ('MESH:D011453', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandins']

entities_list: @entity3009 :: ('CHEBI:26333', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandin']

entities_list: @entity3169 :: ('MESH:D003229', 'Disease') :: ['conjunctival hyperemia']

answer: @entity726 :: (MESH:D005901,Disease) :: ['glaucoma']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity2045 refers to the brief, sudden, @entity2358 like jerks or twitches which produce a @entity2472 . AIMS: To review the clinical and neurophysiological features of @entity2045 , or @entity2473 , and to carry out an updated examination of their causation and treatment. DEVELOPMENT: @entity2473 can be classified on the basis of different criteria. According to the underlying physiological mechanism, @entity2473 can be classified as cortical, subcortical, spinal or peripheral. @entity2473 appear in a wide range of @entity16 . So-called symptomatic @entity2045 is the type that occurs secondary to an @entity74 ; it is usually accompanied by other neurological signs and is the most frequent kind. @entity302 is that which forms part of an @entity302 with a genetic or idiopathic cause, or that is due to static @entity75 . @entity2045 is the least frequent type and includes palatal @entity2474 . The main therapeutic objective consists in treating the underlying cause of the @entity2045 if possible and in using symptomatic treatment when this is not the case. Antiepileptic drugs that enhance the effect of @entity1246 are still the most effective medication. Among the non-antiepileptic drugs, @entity2475 and @entity2476 stand out above the rest. Botulinum toxin has proved to be effective in palatal @entity2045 . In @entity2474 , research has been conducted on the effectiveness of deep brain stimulation on the internal globus pallidus. In the most severe forms of @entity2045 , monotherapy is not usually effective. CONCLUSIONS: Progress has been made in furthering our knowledge of the neurophysiology of @entity2045 , although no very effective forms of treatment have been reported for this @entity1957 , which can be extremely disabling.

title: [ XXXX : their clinical and neurophysiological characteristics, aetiology and treatment].

entities_list: @entity2475 :: ('MESH:D010889', 'Chemical') :: ['piracetam']

entities_list: @entity1246 :: ('MESH:D005680', 'Chemical') :: ['gamma-aminobutyric acid']

entities_list: @entity2045 :: ('MESH:D009207', 'Disease') :: ['myoclonus', 'Myoclonus', 'Essential myoclonus']

entities_list: @entity2358 :: ('MESH:D020820', 'Disease') :: ['involuntary movements']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological diseases']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['encephalopathy']

entities_list: @entity2476 :: ('CHEBI:28171', 'Chemical') :: ['5-hydroxytryptophan']

entities_list: @entity2474 :: ('MESH:C536096', 'Disease') :: ['myoclonus and dystonia-myoclonus syndrome', 'dystonia-myoclonus syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1957 :: ('MESH:D019957', 'Disease') :: ['motor disorder']

entities_list: @entity2473 :: ('MESH:D013035', 'Disease') :: ['Myoclonic spasms', 'myoclonic spasms']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['identifiable disorder']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epileptic syndrome', 'Epileptic myoclonus']

entities_list: @entity2472 :: ('MESH:C536214', 'Disease') :: ['sudden muscular contraction']

answer: @entity2473 :: (MESH:D013035,Disease) :: ['Myoclonic spasms']


abstract: The present study was performed to examine whether beta adrenoceptor agonists and antagonists modify the release of adrenal @entity2922 (CA) in response to splanchnic nerve stimulation (SNS) in anesthetized @entity235 , in order to elucidate the beta adrenoceptor-mediated modulation of adrenal CA release. SNS at 3 Hz produced marked increases in both @entity1425 and @entity1063 output determined from adrenal venous blood. @entity2165 (10, 30 and 100 micrograms/kg, i.v.) and @entity14528 (10 and 30 micrograms/kg, i.v.), selective beta-1 adrenoceptor antagonists, significantly enhanced the SNS-induced increases in CA output. Neither @entity10342 (10, 30 and 100 micrograms/kg, i.v.), a selective @entity20841 antagonist, nor @entity5894 (10, 30 and 100 micrograms/kg, i.v.), a nonselective beta adrenoceptor antagonist, affected the SNS-induced increases in CA output. After the treatment with @entity10342 (100 micrograms/kg, i.v.), @entity2165 (10, 30 and 100 micrograms/kg, i.v.) failed to enhance the SNS-induced increases in CA output. On the other hand, neither @entity3044 (0.03 and 0.1 micrograms/kg/min, i.v.) nor the selective @entity20841 agonist @entity11610 (0.03 and 0.1 micrograms/kg/min, i.v.) affected the SNS-induced increases in CA output. After the treatment with @entity2165 (100 micrograms/kg, i.v.), both @entity3044 (0.03 micrograms/kg/min, i.v.) and @entity11610 (0.03 micrograms/kg/min, i.v.) enhanced the SNS-induced increases in CA output. The enhancing effects of @entity3044 and @entity11610 were abolished by @entity10342 (100 micrograms/kg, i.v.). These results indicate that activation of beta-2 adrenoceptors facilitates the SNS-evoked release of CA from the @entity235 adrenal medulla under the condition in which beta-1 adrenoceptors are blocked, and they suggest that activation of beta-1 adrenoceptors inhibits the @entity20841 -mediated facilitation process of adrenal CA release.

title: Effects of beta adrenoceptor agonists and antagonists on adrenal @entity2922 release in response to splanchnic nerve stimulation in anesthetized XXXX : role of beta-1 and beta-2 adrenoceptors.

entities_list: @entity1425 :: ('MESH:D004837', 'Chemical') :: ['epinephrine']

entities_list: @entity11610 :: ('MESH:D017265', 'Chemical') :: ['procaterol']

entities_list: @entity2165 :: ('MESH:D001262', 'Chemical') :: ['atenolol', 'Atenolol']

entities_list: @entity2922 :: ('CHEBI:33567', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamine']

entities_list: @entity3044 :: ('MESH:D007545', 'Chemical') :: ['isoproterenol']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['norepinephrine']

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['dogs']


abstract: @entity3452 was measured in 64 normoalbuminuric, 52 microalbuminuric, and 37 proteinuric Type 1 @entity6 @entity1 and 54 healthy subjects. Microalbuminuric and proteinuric Type 1 @entity6 @entity1 had higher median @entity3452 values (133 (16-1932) and 169 (17-1149) mg l-1) than @entity1 with normal AER (73 (15-1078) mg l-1; p = 0.048 and p = 0.027). @entity3452 in healthy subjects (110 (15-1630)mg l-1) did not differ from the @entity6 subgroups. The frequency of @entity3452 values in the upper quarter of the normal distribution was similar in the @entity6 groups and did not differ between @entity6 and control subjects. The cumulative distribution of @entity3452 was similar in all groups. @entity3452 concentrations were not related to AER, age, gender, duration of @entity6 , body mass index, glycaemic control, serum @entity1011 , free insulin or systolic blood pressure. @entity165 , LDL- @entity165 , @entity1674 , and apo B were higher in microalbuminuric and proteinuric than in normoalbuminuric Type 1 @entity6 @entity1 . @entity3452 was independently related to diastolic blood pressure, fibrinogen, and macroangiopathy. In conclusion, median @entity3452 concentrations tend to be higher in Type 1 @entity6 @entity1 with early and established @entity8 , although the differences are small and the overlap between groups large. @entity3452 is related to diastolic blood pressure and fibrinogen, and this association of powerful risk factors suggests that @entity3452 may play a role in the pathogenesis of @entity65 in Type 1 @entity6 @entity1 with @entity644 . Whether @entity3452 is an independent determinant of increased cardiovascular risk in these @entity1 needs to be elucidated by prospective studies.

title: Lipoprotein(a) in type 1 XXXX @entity1 with @entity8 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal disease']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['Cholesterol', 'cholesterol']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetic']


abstract: Acute @entity1580 has a high mortality if untreated, so the diagnosis must be rapidly made if mortality is to be lowered significantly. Multiple imaging techniques are often used. This retrospective study from 1988 to 1993 assesses the usefulness in diagnosis of chest X-rays, computed tomography (CT) scanning, aortography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), trans-thoracic (TTE) and trans-oesophageal (TOE) echocardiography. Forty-two @entity1 with a final clinical diagnosis of dissection were studied. The diagnosis was confirmed in 16 (13 at surgery and three at autopsy). Three died with dissection given as the only cause for @entity204 . @entity764 were seen in all 19 @entity1 with surgery or @entity204 from dissection, with a widened @entity6830 and/or dilated aorta being present in 17. In the group of 16 @entity1 with surgery or autopsy proof, CT scans found dissections in 9 of 12 @entity1 studied and correctly classified the type in only five. Aortography was performed in five, with accurate depiction of dissection and type in all. TTE found dissections in three of eight @entity1 imaged by this method. MRI and TOE were performed each on two @entity1 , with accurate depiction of dissection and type in each. Because of the relatively low sensitivity of CT scanning in defining aortic dissections Westmead Hospital is currently assessing the use of TOE as the prime imaging modality prior to surgical intervention.

title: Imaging of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1580 :: ('MESH:C562834', 'Disease') :: ['thoracic aortic dissection']

entities_list: @entity764 :: ('MESH:D013898', 'Disease') :: ['Chest X-ray abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity6830 :: ('MESH:D008479', 'Disease') :: ['mediastinum']

answer: @entity1580 :: (MESH:C562834,Disease) :: ['thoracic aortic dissection']


abstract: Increasing numbers of @entity1 with @entity5 , including those with @entity981 and @entity2946 , are experiencing long-term disease control. As survival increases, so does the recognition that the treatment used to prolong survival may have significant detrimental effects on the central nervous system (CNS). Because of the slow replication rate of most constituents of the CNS, these effects tend to be delayed. Radiotherapy, and to a lesser extent, chemotherapy (primarily methotrexate) have been implicated in the causation of such sequelae. The pathogenesis of @entity149 is only partially understood and evidence suggests that direct effects on @entity62 and immunologic mechanism play a role. A spectrum of clinical syndromes may occur, including radionecrosis, necrotizing @entity62 , mineralizing @entity455 with @entity730 , @entity76 and @entity602 . The two most common forms of sequelae are @entity16 . The frequency, degree of and etiology of @entity149 is less than completely elucidated. Radiotherapy has been implicated as the major cause of damage, but the relationship between radiotherapy and the type of damage caused and the volume and dose of radiotherapy and degree of @entity73 is unclear. @entity73 are progressive in nature. Younger @entity1 are more likely to suffer the severest damage; but no @entity1 of any age is free of risk of damage. @entity2124 impairment is the most common form of @entity409 . There is increasing evidence that @entity1 with @entity5 who are long-term survivors are at increased risk for the development of secondary CNS @entity5 ; possibly due, in part, to previous treatment. Much work needs to be done to characterize the sequelae which may occur, develop means of earlier detection, investigate ways to ameliorate sequelae and devise less toxic treatment.

title: Long-term sequelae of XXXX treatment on the central nervous system in childhood.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity981 :: ('MESH:D054198', 'Disease') :: ['acute lymphocytic leukemia']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['microangiopathy']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['Cognitive deficits', 'cognitive damage']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neuropsychological and neuroendocrinologic damage']

entities_list: @entity602 :: ('MESH:D013118', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity149 :: ('MESH:D002493', 'Disease') :: ['neurocognitive dysfunction', 'CNS damage']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['neuroendocrinologic dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['dystrophic calcification']

entities_list: @entity76 :: ('MESH:D002526', 'Disease') :: ['cerebellar sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial endothelial cells and brain white matter', 'leukoencephalopathy']

entities_list: @entity2946 :: ('MESH:D008527', 'Disease') :: ['medulloblastoma']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Identifying the origin of @entity11 carries important implications for advancing the treatment of these recalcitrant @entity5 . Recent research promotes the hypothesis of a subventricular zone (SVZ) origin for the stemlike gliomagenic cells identified within @entity1 @entity11 specimens. However, conflicting evidence suggests that SVZ-like cells are not uniquely gliomagenic but this capacity may be shared by cycling progenitors distributed throughout the subcortical white matter (SCWM). OBJECTIVE: To review radiological evidence in @entity463 ( @entity463 ) @entity1 to provide insight into the question of @entity11 ontogeny. METHODS: We explored whether GBMs at first diagnosis demonstrated a pattern of anatomic distribution consistent with origin at the SVZ through retrospective analysis of preoperative contrast-enhanced T1-weighted magnetic resonance images in 63 @entity1 . We then examined the relationship of @entity5 volume, point of origin, and proximity to the ventricles using a computer model of @entity11 growth. RESULTS: Fewer than half of the GBMs analyzed had contrast-enhancing portions that contacted the ventricle on preoperative imaging. A strong correlation was found between @entity5 volume and the distance between the contrast-enhancing edge of the @entity5 and the ventricle, demonstrating that @entity5 abutting the ventricle are significantly larger than those that do not. The lesions simulated by the computer model validated our assumption that @entity5 that are radiographically distant from the ventricles are unlikely to have originated in the SVZ and supported our hypothesis that as they grow, the edges of all @entity5 will near the ventricles, regardless of their point of origin. CONCLUSION: This work offers further support for the hypothesis that the origins of GBMs are at sites distributed throughout the white matter and are not limited to the region of the SVZ.

title: Magnetic resonance imaging characteristics of @entity463 : implications for understanding XXXX ontogeny.

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['glioma', 'gliomas']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity463 :: ('MESH:D005909', 'Disease') :: ['glioblastoma multiforme', 'GBM']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

answer: @entity11 :: (MESH:D005910,Disease) :: ['glioma']


abstract: We present a 30-year-old South Indian @entity1 who presented with complaints of left sided @entity10 and @entity158 for @entity19071 months, severe for past 10 days. On physical examination, right side of the face appeared normal. Left side of the face showed signs of @entity194 with minimal drooping of left eyelid. All Systems were found to be normal. Routine blood and urine investigations results were within normal limits. X-ray chest revealed no abnormalities and x-ray skull showed both sides equal. Computerized tomogram of the brain showed left minimal sub dural @entity3609 with no midline shift, and no evidence of @entity2657 or @entity194 . Nerve conduction study showed features suggestive of @entity4254 . MRI of the skull base was also normal and showed no evidence of @entity2850 . Interestingly, he had minimal response to analgesics, @entity230 , and @entity1169 , but showed immediate response to @entity2049 . Hence this @entity1 indeed had @entity5043 : Hemi facial @entity194 with @entity4254 .

title: Progressive hemi facial XXXX presenting as severe @entity158 in a young @entity1 : a case report.

entities_list: @entity1169 :: ('MESH:D011433', 'Chemical') :: ['propranolol']

entities_list: @entity2657 :: ('MESH:D001929', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral edema']

entities_list: @entity4254 :: ('MESH:D014277', 'Disease') :: ['trigeminal neuralgia']

entities_list: @entity2850 :: ('MESH:D009408', 'Disease') :: ['trigeminal nerve compression']

entities_list: @entity5043 :: ('MESH:D005150', 'Disease') :: ['Parry Romberg syndrome']

entities_list: @entity194 :: ('MESH:D001284', 'Disease') :: ['hemi atrophy', 'cerebral atrophy', 'atrophy']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['facial pain']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity2049 :: ('MESH:D002220', 'Chemical') :: ['carbamazepine']

answer: @entity5043 :: (MESH:D005150,Disease) :: ['atrophy - Parry Romberg syndrome']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The management of small unruptured @entity438 is still controversial. Given the distinctive natural history of @entity439 at different locations, location-specific analysis might be a reasonable approach. This study aimed to investigate morphological discriminators for @entity397 status by focusing on only posterior communicating artery (PcomA) @entity439 smaller than 7 mm. METHODS: In 108 small PcomA @entity439 (68 ruptured, 40 unruptured), clinical and morphological characteristics were compared between the ruptured and unruptured groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the independent predictors for the @entity397 status of small PcomA @entity439 . RESULTS: None of the clinical characteristics were significantly different between the ruptured and unruptured group (P>0.05). The ruptured group revealed a significantly larger size (P=0.009), aspect ratio (P=0.009), size ratio (P=0.002), dome-to-neck ratio (P=0.002), inflow angle (P<0.001) and proportion of @entity4530 formation (P=0.039). Bottleneck factor (P=0.154), diameter of PcomA (P=0.302) and fetal-type PcomA (P=0.832) showed no significance. With multivariate analyses, size ratio (P=0.012) and inflow angle (P=0.001) were shown to be independently associated with the @entity397 status of small PcomA @entity439 . CONCLUSIONS: Morphological characteristics were closely related with the @entity397 status of small PcomA @entity439 . Size ratio and inflow angle were independent risk factors for @entity397 and might be useful in clinical risk stratification of small PcomA @entity439 .

title: Morphological Risk Factors for Rupture of Small (<7 mm) Posterior Communicating XXXX .

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms', 'aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial aneurysms']

answer: @entity438 :: (MESH:D002532,Disease) :: ['Artery Aneurysms']


abstract: A model for @entity358 in the hamster is described. The disease was induced by intratracheal inoculation of 1.7 x 10(5) viable @entity375 forms of @entity12267 . Lung histopathology, dissemination lesions and humoral and cellular immune responses were investigated at intervals up to 24 weeks after @entity281 . Humoral immunity was studied by immunodiffusion and complement fixation tests. Cell-mediated immunity was evaluated in vitro by the macrophage migration inhibition test in the presence of phytohaemagglutinin and P. brasiliensis soluble antigen, and in vivo by the paracoccidioidin test. Thirty out of 35 infected animals (85.7%) developed @entity358 . Dissemination lesions were observed in regional lymph nodes (82.8%), liver (8.5%) and spleen (5.7%). Lung involvement was mainly around bronchi and vessels. Regional lymph nodes were severely involved from the fourth week on, acquiring a pseudotumoral aspect at later stages. Specific antibodies were detected from the fourth week on, with titres increasing progressively. The cellular immune response to phytohaemagglutinin was intact throughout the experiment and the response to P. brasiliensis antigen was already detectable by the second week and remained positive to the end of the experiment. The skin test became positive from the fourth week on. Inoculation by the intratracheal route represents a highly effective way of infecting hamsters with @entity12267 , with the induction of @entity66 , good antibody production and intact cell immunity.

title: Experimental XXXX in the Syrian hamster: morphology and correlation of lesions with the immune response.

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['localized disease']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary paracoccidioidomycosis']

answer: @entity358 :: (MESH:D008171,Disease) :: ['pulmonary paracoccidioidomycosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Hospital admissions due to fall-related @entity174 are a major problem in the aging population. Several risk factors have been identified, including drug use. Most studies often retrieved prescription-only drugs from national databases. These are associated with some limitations as they do not always reliably reproduce the complete @entity1 's active drug list. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between the number of FRIDs intake identified by a standardised medication reconciliation process and a fall-related @entity174 leading to a hospital admission in older adults. SETTING: The first cohort has been recruited from one traumatology ward of a tertiary teaching hospital in Belgium and the second cohort has been recruited from 11 community pharmacies in Belgium. METHOD: A prospective study with two individually matched cohorts was performed. Adult @entity1 (>= 75  years) admitted with an injury due to a fall were included in the first cohort (faller group). The second cohort consisted of @entity1 who did not suffer from a fall within the last 6  months (non-faller group). Matching was performed for age, gender, place of residence and use of a walking aid. In both groups, clinical pharmacists and undergraduate pharmacy students obtained the medication history, using a standardised approach. A list of drugs considered to increase the risk of falling was created. It included cardiovascular drugs and drugs acting on the nervous system. A linear mixed model was used to compare the number of fall risk-increasing drugs between fallers and non-fallers. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: The number of fall risk-increasing drugs in a faller versus a non-faller group. RESULTS: Sixty-one @entity1 were matched with 121 non-fallers. @entity1 received on average 3.1      2.1 and 3.2      1.8 fall risk-increasing drugs in the faller and in the non-faller group, respectively. The mean number of fall risk-increasing drugs was comparable in both groups (p  =  0.844), even after adjusting for @entity285 consumption, fear of falling, vision and foot problems (p  =  0.721). CONCLUSION: In a sample of hospitalised @entity1 admitted for a @entity130 , no significant difference in the number of fall risk-increasing drugs versus that of an outpatient group of non-fallers was found.

title: Exploring the relationship between fall risk-increasing drugs and fall-related XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['fall-related injury']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'fracture']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['fractures']


abstract: Since the @entity1289 ( @entity1289 ) is identical with @entity1289 , the reduction of its activity by an @entity1289 -inhibitor such as @entity3371 will not only decrease the concentration of @entity2178 but also elevate the levels of kinins. Although the slight increase of the latter will not contribute to the antihypertensive action of @entity1289 -inhibitors, we are sure today that it exhibits local metabolic effects in cardiac and skeletal muscle tissue. These endogenous kinins have been shown to improve the utilisation of @entity413 in the @entity1 forearm, the whole organism and the isolated perfused @entity35 heart and seem to exhibit their effects via prostaglandins. A cross-over plot of the glycolytic intermediates at the height of phosphofructokinase induced by @entity1812 in @entity35 heart and the activation of the purified enzyme from @entity95 heart by @entity1421 point to an enhanced glycolytic rate as their mode of action. From these findings similar effects under @entity1289 -inhibitors can be assumed. This was investigated in ten non-insulin-dependent diabetics, whose @entity413 disposal rate was measured by the @entity413 clamp technique. After 25 mg of @entity3371 their peripheral insulin resistance was significantly improved, which was found to be due to an accelerated rate of @entity413 uptake into their forearm muscle tissue. To evaluate the clinical relevance of these data, 15 mildly @entity101 , overweight type II- @entity6 @entity1 (mean age: 53 years; seven @entity1 ) were hospitalized. After a seven-day wash-out period, the @entity1 were given 25 mg of @entity3371 twice daily for seven days. During the treatment, systemic kinin concentrations significantly increased.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [ @entity3371 in XXXX @entity1 with @entity6 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1289 :: ('1636', 'Gene') :: ['angiotensin converting enzyme', 'kininase II', 'ACE']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic']

entities_list: @entity2178 :: ('183', 'Gene') :: ['angiotensin II']

entities_list: @entity3371 :: ('CHEBI:3380', 'Chemical') :: ['captopril']

entities_list: @entity1812 :: ('MESH:D001920', 'Chemical') :: ['bradykinin']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertensive']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The prognostic significance of intratumoral and peripheral @entity4155 ( @entity4155 ) in @entity5 has been studied worldwide during these years, providing un-uniformed conclusions. METHODS: We conducted a meta-analysis of published literatures that evaluated the correlation between @entity4155 and clinical staging, @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) and/or @entity66 ( @entity66 ). RESULTS: A total of 28 studies enrolling 2902 @entity1 were included. For the overall population, a high expression of @entity4155 was found significantly correlated with worse @entity66 (HR = 1.59, 95% CI: 1.24-2.03) in @entity1 with solid @entity5 . For @entity1820 , @entity1 with @entity4155 high seemed to have worse @entity1349 (HR = 1.85, 95% CI: 1.24-2.75) and @entity66 (HR = 2.41, 95% CI: 1.98-2.92). Sub-group meta-analysis revealed that @entity4155 indicated late clinical staging in @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) @entity1 (HR = 2.33, 95% CI: 1.25-4.32), on the other hand, early clinical staging in @entity1 with @entity1721 (HR = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.42-0.94). Negative impacts of @entity4155 on @entity1349 were shown in @entity1 with @entity157 ( @entity157 ) (HR = 1.87, 95% CI: 1.23-2.84) or @entity1149 (HR = 1.55, 95% CI: 1.02-2.35). However, positive impacts on @entity1349 were provided in @entity1 with @entity1721 (HR = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.50-0.84). Besides, a high expression of @entity4155 predicted better @entity66 in @entity43 @entity1 (HR = 0.33, 95% CI: 0.11-1.00). CONCLUSIONS: Our meta-analysis revealed that @entity4155 might correlate with poor @entity1349 and @entity66 in @entity1820 . Specifically, @entity4155 was a detrimental factor for @entity157 and @entity1149 @entity1 , whereas a beneficial factor for @entity1 with @entity1721 and @entity43 .

title: Prognostic significance of XXXX in solid @entity5 : a meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['disease free survival', 'DFS']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity1721 :: ('MESH:C562729', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal squamous carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1820 :: ('MESH:D005770', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal tumors']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'hepatocellular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity4155 :: (3605,Gene) :: ['interleukin-17']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of immediate postoperative radiotherapy (RT) in adult @entity1 with a low-grade @entity3271 (LODG). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 74 @entity1 , older than 15 years, were treated in our institution between April 1990 and March 2006 for newly diagnosed LODGs. After surgery, 43 @entity1 were treated with immediate RT with a total dose of 54~55.8 Gy with 1.8 Gy fractions (RT group) and 31 @entity1 were followed with no adjuvant RT (OP group). All @entity1 were closely observed until @entity5 progression or @entity204 with frequent work-ups including neurological examinations and MRI. Primary endpoints were overall survival and progression-free survival. The median follow-up duration of survivors was 6.2 years in the RT group and 5.8 years in the OP group. RESULTS: Median progression-free survival was 13.2 years in the RT group and 4.6 years in the OP group; multivariate analysis confirmed improved outcome with the use of immediate RT (hazard ratio, 0.22; 95% confidence interval-CI, 0.09~0.55; p<0.001). Median overall survival was 14.9 years in the RT group and 9.8 years in the OP group; the use of adjuvant RT was also associated with a trend toward better overall survival after immediate RT based on multivariate analysis (hazard ratio, 0.3; 95% CI, 0.08~1.17; p=0.082). No severe RT related complications were observed. CONCLUSION: Immediate RT following surgery appears to be an effective treatment modality for supratentorial LODGs. However, the potential benefit of adjuvant RT for overall survival needs to be tested prospectively in the future.

title: The role of radiotherapy in the treatment of newly diagnosed supratentorial low-grade XXXX : comparative analysis with immediate radiotherapy versus surgery alone.

entities_list: @entity3271 :: ('MESH:D009837', 'Disease') :: ['oligodendroglioma']

answer: @entity3271 :: (MESH:D009837,Disease) :: ['oligodendrogliomas']


abstract: The donor was 63-yr-old @entity1 with @entity510 . As she developed severe @entity551 for more than four h before @entity1167 , we biopsied the grafts and decided to transplant those kidneys. Recipient 1 was a 23-yr-old @entity1 on 13-yr dialysis program. After 19 d of delayed graft function (DGF), we discontinued hemodialysis (HD). However, the decrease in serum @entity1011 (sCr) was poor. The minimum sCr was 4.3 mg/dL on post-operative day (POD) 40, and increased to 6.5 mg/dL. The contralateral graft was transplanted to a 61-yr-old @entity1 (recipient 2) with 18-yr HD. After 15 d of DGF period, sCr decreased gradually and has been stable at 1.9 mg/dL. In recipient 1, graft biopsies performed on POD 15, 69, and 110, revealed progressive @entity82 and @entity194 (IF/TA) without evidences of acute rejection, @entity1140 associated @entity8 , or viral @entity8 . The second biopsy on POD 69 showed typical findings of @entity4295 . We compared the clinical courses of the two recipients because certain features of recipient 1, such as age, duration of HD, total @entity63 time, and body size were advantageous, whereas graft function was poorer than that in recipient 2. Recipient 1 developed severe @entity417 following the dissociation of graft function from recipient 2. In this case, posttransplant @entity417 and lower blood pressure might promote IF/TA through persistent @entity63 tubular damage, and positive CMV antigenemia and its treatment could promote @entity417 . Especially in the kidney allograft from a marginal donor, we should consider various factors to obtain a better graft outcome.

title: Progressive @entity8 allograft early after transplantation from a non-heart beating donor: possible role of persistent XXXX .

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['injury, reflux nephropathy', 'nephropathy']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['interstitial fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['subarachnoid hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity4295 :: ('MESH:D007683', 'Disease') :: ['acute tubular necrosis']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity194 :: ('MESH:D001284', 'Disease') :: ['tubular atrophy']

entities_list: @entity1140 :: ('MESH:D016559', 'Chemical') :: ['tacrolimus']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrest']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['ischemic injury']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although several mechanisms underlying the @entity565 - @entity28 connection have been proposed, debates still remain. This study was to determine whether overweight is associated with a higher prevalence of @entity402 , @entity565 symptoms, @entity1224 , @entity2488 ( @entity2488 ) or biomarkers of @entity32 in a sample of Korean adolescents. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional survey involving questionnaires, skin tests, spirometry and @entity2710 challenge tests among 717 adolescents from Seoul (South Korea). Overweight status was defined as a BMI greater than the local age- and gender-specific 85th percentile. RESULTS: Overweight subjects more frequently reported ever having wheezing (24.6 vs. 14.0%, p = 0.001) and wheezing in the previous 12 months (11.5 vs. 6.3%, p = 0.02) than normal-weight subjects, especially in @entity1 . Atopy was more common among overweight adolescents than among those of normal weight (61.5 vs. 49.2%, p = 0.002), especially in @entity1 (65.0 vs. 52.8%, p = 0.005). Overweight subjects had higher total WBC counts and eosinophil counts, especially @entity1 . The presence of @entity2488 was more common only among overweight @entity1 (32.8 vs. 18.0%, p = 0.028). Overweight status was a significant risk factor for the presence of @entity402 (odds ratio = 1.49; 95% CI 1.06-2.10), after adjusting for various confounders by logistic regression analysis. CONCLUSIONS: An association was found between overweight status and both @entity402 and an increased prevalence of wheezing in adolescent Korean @entity1 . These findings suggest that being overweight in puberty may be one of several risk factors responsible for @entity402 , @entity2488 , and @entity565 symptoms.

title: Association between @entity28 and the prevalence of allergic diseases, XXXX , and @entity2488 in Korean adolescents.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity2488 :: ('MESH:D001982', 'Disease') :: ['BHR', 'bronchial hyperresponsiveness']

entities_list: @entity2710 :: ('MESH:D016210', 'Chemical') :: ['methacholine']

entities_list: @entity1224 :: ('MESH:D000402', 'Disease') :: ['airway obstruction']

answer: @entity402 :: (MESH:C564133,Disease) :: ['atopy']


abstract: Recombinant @entity1199 (RIL 2)-activated autologous peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) were infused directly into the renal arteries of 3 @entity1 with @entity1358 , and the in vivo distribution of the infused cells was investigated. In vitro studies to define the optimal culture conditions indicated that maximal lymphokine-activated killer activity was observed at around 10-20 days in culture, as judged by the @entity137 against fresh @entity5 cells. Maximal expression of the @entity1199 receptor was also obtained at around 10 days. PBL collected by leukopheresis from each @entity1 were thus cultured for 10 days with RIL 2, labeled with @entity4769 , and then infused directly into the renal artery of the affected kidney via a catheter. Radioactivity in the infused side of the kidneys increased immediately after the infusion but then gradually decreased. Radioactivity in the lungs also rapidly increased within the first hour but then cleared gradually, whereas that in the liver and spleen tended to increase steadily. Nevertheless, at 48 hours, the infused side of the kidneys retained levels of radioactivity comparable to those seen in the liver and spleen, while the levels seen in the lungs were already close to background levels. The radioactivity in the areas corresponding to @entity5 remained consistently higher than that in the normal parts of the affected kidneys. The direct comparison of the radioactivity distribution pattern with the macroscopic appearance of surgically resected kidneys indicated that the accumulation of radioactivity was indeed selectively associated with the @entity5 tissues in the kidneys, except for a case in which the @entity5 was quite necrotic and hypovascular. Histological examinations indicated intensive mononuclear cell infiltrations in and around the @entity5 tissues as well as in normal tissues in the kidneys. These preliminary results indicated that infusion of activated lymphocytes via major @entity5 would be an extremely effective way to obtain the selective localization of effector cells in the @entity5 tissues.

title: In vivo distribution of recombinant @entity1199 -activated autologous lymphocytes administered by intra-arterial infusion in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors', 'allogenic tumor', 'tumor-feeding arteries']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['renal cell carcinoma']

answer: @entity1358 :: (MESH:D002292,Disease) :: ['renal cell carcinoma']


abstract: Pharmacokinetic and clinical studies of @entity6727 (CFIX) in @entity1 were done and the following results were obtained. Serum and urinary concentrations of CFIX were determined in 6 @entity1 aged 5 to 14 years given single doses of 1.5 or 6.0 mg/kg. Mean serum concentrations peaked at 4 hours after the administration of either 1.5 or 6.0 mg/kg, and respective peak values were 0.71 and 4.46 micrograms/ml. Biological half-lives for the low and the high doses were 5.28 and 4.45 hours, respectively. The 12-hours urinary recovery ranged from 7.0 to 13.8% after administration of 1.5 mg/kg, and the 8-hours urinary recovery was 18.1% after administration of 6.0 mg/kg. Therapeutic responses were recorded as excellent or good in 43 (97.7%) of the @entity1 , comprising 13 with @entity5389 and 31 with scarlet @entity221 . The microbiological effectiveness of CFIX on identified pathogens comprising 29 strains of @entity4195 and 2 strains of @entity794 was satisfactory as evidence by a high eradication rate of 93.5%. No clinical side effects were observed. Abnormal laboratory findings were elevation of GOT and/or @entity6283 in 4 @entity1 and @entity1712 in 1 @entity1 . In conclusion, CFIX was found to be efficacious and safe for the treatment of @entity2348 in @entity1 .

title: [Clinical studies of XXXX in pediatric field].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1712 :: ('MESH:D004802', 'Disease') :: ['eosinophilia']

entities_list: @entity5389 :: ('MESH:D014069', 'Disease') :: ['tonsillitis']

entities_list: @entity2348 :: ('MESH:D001424', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial infections']

entities_list: @entity6727 :: ('MESH:D020682', 'Chemical') :: ['cefixime']

answer: @entity6727 :: (MESH:D020682,Chemical) :: ['cefixime']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Large, controlled trials in @entity1118 ( @entity1118 ) have failed due to @entity1 heterogeneity. To phenotype @entity1118 @entity1 , we developed the UPOINT system with 6 domains (Urinary, Psychosocial, Organ-Specific, Infection, Neurologic/Systemic and Tenderness). In this study, we treated @entity1 with multimodal therapy based on the UPOINT phenotype and measured response after at least 6 months. METHODS: @entity1 with @entity1118 were offered multimodal therapy based on the UPOINT phenotype (eg, Urinary: alpha blocker or antimuscarinic; Organ-specific: @entity3092 ; Tenderness: physical therapy). One hundred @entity1 agreed to therapy and were reexamined after 26 weeks. Primary endpoint was a minimum 6-point drop in NIH-Chronic @entity1069 Symptom Index (CPSI). RESULTS: Mean age was 46 years, and median symptom duration was 24 months. A median of 3 UPOINT domains were positive, the most common being Organ-specific (70%), Tenderness (64%), and Urinary (59%). With a median 50-week follow-up, 84% had at least a 6-point fall in CPSI. Number of domains and initial CPSI did not predict response. Mean changes (+/-SD) for CPSI subscores were @entity158 11.5+/-3.2 to 6.1+/-3.9, urine 4.7+/-3.1 to 2.6+/-2.0, QOL 9.1+/-2.3 to 4.5+/-2.8, and total 25.2+/-6.1 to 13.2+/-7.2 (all P<.0001). No domain predicted outcome; however, @entity3092 use resulted in a greater CPSI decrease. CONCLUSIONS: Multimodal therapy using UPOINT leads to significant improvement in symptoms and quality of life. Moreover, a placebo-controlled trial for every therapy combination is not feasible, and results using UPOINT compare favorably with all large trials of monotherapy.

title: Phenotypically directed multimodal therapy for chronic XXXX / @entity1118 : a prospective study using UPOINT.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1069 :: ('MESH:D053448', 'Disease') :: ['Prostatitis']

entities_list: @entity3092 :: ('MESH:D011794', 'Chemical') :: ['quercetin']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pelvic pain syndrome', 'CPPS']

answer: @entity1069 :: (MESH:D053448,Disease) :: ['prostatitis']


abstract: In an investigation of alterations in @entity165 metabolism during contraceptive @entity134 use, we studied plasma clearance of chylomicron remnants. Six healthy @entity1 were studied on and off contraceptive @entity134 therapy. Remnant clearance was measured from the disappearance of @entity6247 administered intravenously in plasma endogenously labeled with @entity6247 . We also measured @entity165 in HDL and its subfractions and postheparin lipoprotein lipase and hepatic @entity412 lipase activities. Plasma decay of @entity6247 was biexponential. The rapid component, reflecting chylomicron remnant removal, accounted for about 90% of the total clearance in all studies. During contraceptive @entity134 intake, both rapid and slow decay constants and the calculated plasma clearance rates were significantly increased (mean values: rapid decay constant, control 0.048 versus treated 0.101 min-1, P less than 0.05; slow decay constant, 0.004 versus 0.014 min-1, P less than 0.01; plasma clearance 74 versus 115 ml/min, P less than 0.025) indicating enhanced hepatic uptake of chylomicron remnants and probably an increased hepatic uptake of higher density lipoproteins (d greater than 1.006 g/ml). Total postheparin lipolytic activity and lipoprotein lipase activity were @entity308 in all six @entity1 (P less than 0.05) and hepatic @entity412 lipase activity was increased in four of five subjects. Contraceptive @entity230 also caused a decrease in the @entity9477 / @entity9478 @entity165 ratio (P less than 0.05), implying impaired peripheral lipoprotein @entity412 hydrolysis and/or increased @entity9477 clearance by hepatic @entity412 lipase. In conclusion, during intake of contraceptive @entity230 , the plasma clearance of chylomicron remnants and higher density lipoproteins was increased.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Contraceptive XXXX increase hepatic uptake of chylomicron remnants in healthy young @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity6247 :: ('MESH:C014794', 'Chemical') :: ['retinyl palmitate']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressed']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity230 :: (MESH:D013256,Chemical) :: ['steroids']


abstract: The short-term effect (3-6 weeks) of the use of a stabilization splint was investigated in a group of 35 @entity11158 @entity1 . The @entity1 were clinically examined and surface EMG recordings of the temporal and masseter muscles were made during clenching in the @entity2113 ( @entity2113 ), immediately after the insertion of the splint (SSP), and after at least 3 weeks of splint treatment ( @entity20578 ). With the use of the error variance of the activity index changes in EMG activity were investigated. Three groups of @entity1 were then recognized. One group showed a decrease in temporal muscle activity during splint treatment. Another group did not show any significant change during splint treatment. The third group showed an increase of temporal muscle activity. In general, significant reductions in the amount of @entity158 were found. In the group with a significant reduction of temporal muscle activity (n = 15) there was a greater decrease in the amount of @entity158 (P < 0.05) than in the group (n = 4) with a significant increase of temporal muscle activity. The results may indicate that the temporal muscle plays an important role in the perception of @entity158 in the masticatory system.

title: The temporal/masseter co-contraction: an electromyographic and clinical evaluation of short-term stabilization splint therapy in myogenous CMD XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2113 :: ('MESH:D006679', 'Disease') :: ['intercuspal position', 'ICP']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['static pain']

entities_list: @entity11158 :: ('MESH:D017271', 'Disease') :: ['myogenous craniomandibular disorder']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: A large two-stage GWAS by Antilla et al. reported the minor allele of @entity15778 on 8q22.1 to be associated with common types of @entity2704 . The objective of the present study was to determine the clinical correlate of the variant in @entity5330 (MO). Clinical data on 339 successfully genotyped MO @entity1 ( @entity1 with attacks of @entity5330 and no attacks of @entity2795 ) were obtained by an extensive validated semi-structured telephone interview performed by a physician or a trained senior medical student. Reliable, systematic and extensive data on symptoms, age of onset, attack frequencies and duration, relevant comorbidity, specific provoking factors including different hormonal factors in females, and effect and use of medication, both abortive and prophylactic, were thereby obtained. A comparison of carriers and non-carriers were performed. Comparison of homozygotes with heterozygotes was not performed as the number of homozygotes was too small for statistical purposes. Data from other MO populations in the GWAS by Antilla et al. were not included as phenotype and clinical data were obtained differently. While thousands of @entity1 are needed to detect a genetic variant like @entity15778 , 339 are sufficient to detect meaningful clinical differences. 136 of 339 @entity1 were carriers of the variant, 15 were homozygous. Comparison of carriers with non-carriers showed no significant difference in any of the parameters studied. In conclusion, the @entity15778 variant has no significant influence on the clinical expression of MO.

title: Genotype-phenotype correlation in XXXX focusing on the @entity15778 variant on 8q22.1.

entities_list: @entity2795 :: ('MESH:D020325', 'Disease') :: ['migraine with aura']

entities_list: @entity5330 :: ('MESH:D020326', 'Disease') :: ['migraine without aura']

answer: @entity5330 :: (MESH:D020326,Disease) :: ['migraine without aura']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study sought to determine whether @entity1 who are homozygous for the deletion (D)-type allele of the @entity1289 gene display augmented @entity2554 after @entity583 . BACKGROUND: Recent evidence suggests that the deletion-type allele of the @entity1289 gene ( @entity336 genotype) is associated with an increased prevalence of @entity583 and @entity1283 . However, it is unknown whether the @entity336 genotype is associated with @entity299 . To address this question we determined the genotype in @entity1 enrolled in the Captopril and Thrombolysis Study ( @entity468 ), a prospective trial in which @entity1 received either @entity3371 or placebo during and after thrombolysis for a first @entity583 . METHODS: Cardiac volume was determined by echocardiography immediately after thrombolysis and at 1-year follow-up. The genotype for the @entity1289 was determined in 96 @entity1 . @entity1063 levels were assessed during and immediately after thrombolysis. RESULTS: Immediately after thrombolysis, cardiac volume did not differ between genotype groups. However, at 1-year follow-up, both end-systolic and end-diastolic left ventricular volumes were significantly greater in the @entity336 -genotype group. @entity1063 increased to higher levels in the @entity336 -genotype group that received placebo therapy. @entity3371 treatment effectively blunted both the @entity1063 increase and @entity384 in the @entity336 -genotype group. CONCLUSIONS: This exploratory study suggests that homozygosity for the @entity1289 deletion-type allele is associated with augmented neurohumoral activation as well as augmented @entity384 after an acute @entity583 , an effect that may be susceptible to @entity1289 inhibition.

title: Deletion-type allele of the @entity1289 gene is associated with progressive XXXX after @entity583 . Captopril and Thrombolysis Study Investigators.

entities_list: @entity1289 :: ('1636', 'Gene') :: ['angiotensin-converting enzyme']

entities_list: @entity1283 :: ('MESH:D006332', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac dilation']

entities_list: @entity3371 :: ('CHEBI:3380', 'Chemical') :: ['Captopril', 'captopril']

entities_list: @entity2554 :: ('MESH:C563906', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular dilation']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['adverse cardiac remodeling']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'anterior myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['Norepinephrine', 'norepinephrine']

answer: @entity2554 :: (MESH:C563906,Disease) :: ['ventricular dilation']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We evaluated changes in @entity2310 and @entity1976 expression levels after @entity2759 /reperfusion injury (SCII) and @entity2332 during operations in @entity35 . Eighty @entity35 were divided into four groups: Group A (N = 20, 18  @entity20844 (N = 20, 28  @entity20844 (N = 20, room temperature); and Group D (N = 20, sham operation control). @entity2759 was induced for 90 min. @entity2332 was induced 15 min before, and maintained during @entity63 , followed by heating to normothermia for 30 min after reperfusion. Motor function of the lower limbs was evaluated according to the Tarlov score at 72 and 168 h. For each @entity35 , spinal cord samples were taken at 6, 24, 72 h, and 1 week to evaluate the histopathological changes, neuronal apoptosis, and @entity2310 and @entity1976 expression levels. Compared with normothermia, @entity2332 significantly improved hind limb function; Group B achieved a higher score than Group A. Group D showed no @entity16 , while the other groups showed various degrees. Group C exhibited greater neuronal apoptosis, higher @entity2310 expression, but lower @entity1976 expression than the other groups. Compared with Group A, @entity2310 was expressed less and @entity1976 more in Group B, and there was less apoptosis in Group B. @entity2332 preserves hind limb motor function and reduces @entity528 , thereby protecting @entity35 from SCII. The spinal cord may be protected from SCII by inhibition of @entity2310 and activation of @entity1976 . However, deep @entity2332 may inhibit the expression of @entity1976 , resulting in a worse outcome than mild @entity2332 .

title: Effect of low temperatures on @entity2310 and @entity1976 proteins in XXXX with @entity2759 reperfusion injury.

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurologic deficiency']

entities_list: @entity2759 :: ('MESH:D020760', 'Disease') :: ['Spinal cord ischemia', 'spinal cord ischemia']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['neuronal death']

entities_list: @entity2332 :: ('MESH:D007035', 'Disease') :: ['hypothermia', 'Hypothermia']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is considered to be the most reliable method of examination for thyroid nodules. However, when thyroid nodules are evaluated as Bethesda I-V, the role of ultrasonography is considered to be enhanced. We investigated the association between a number of ultrasonographic (US) characteristics and the risk of @entity1374 , and assessed the optimal compromise on the number of US characteristics for predicting @entity1374 . METHODS: Seventy-three @entity1 , whose thyroid nodules were evaluated as Bethesda I-V by FNAC prior to surgery, were treated surgically. A number of US characteristics, such as microcalcification, irregular margins, hypoechogenicity, a taller-than-wide shape, and the absence of halo sign, were assessed before surgery. The optimal compromise on the number of US characteristics was analyzed using a receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) represents the overall discriminatory ability of a test. RESULTS: The risk of @entity5 was 11.8% in @entity1 without any US characteristics, 44.4% in those with one characteristic, 61.5% in those with two characteristics, 75% in those with three characteristics, 90% in those with four characteristics, and 100% in those with five characteristics. The AUC was favorable (0.81599). At least two US characteristics were revealed to be the optimal compromise on the number of US characteristics based on the ROC curve. CONCLUSION: We proved the role of the number of US characteristics in predicting @entity1374 . It was thought that a surgical approach should be considered for @entity1 with at least two US characteristics.

title: The potential diagnostic role of the number of ultrasonographic characteristics for XXXX with thyroid nodules evaluated as bethesda I-v.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy']

entities_list: @entity1374 :: ('MESH:D013959', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid malignancy']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: We studied the therapeutic characteristics of double filtration plasmapheresis (DFPP) in 14 @entity1 with @entity2646 ( @entity2646 ). The @entity1 were classified into 2 subgroups of the responders (7 @entity1 ) and the non-responders (7 @entity1 ) to DFPP. The responders to DFPP were designated as those showing the improvement 2 or more grades in measures the activity of daily living by the @entity2653 ( @entity2653 ). All these @entity1 underwent neurological assessment, CSF study, electrophysiological studies at the beginning and end of treatment. Sural nerve biopsy study was performed in 10 cases. Neurological function was assessed serially using a quantitative @entity16 score (NDS). At the beginning of treatment, there were no significant differences in various measurements between the responders and the non-responders except for the frequency of @entity17 . In responders, significant improvement was found in mean changes in @entity2653 , NDS, motor nerve conduction velocity, compound muscle action potential, distal motor latency, while in non-responders, all measures remained unchanged or worsened. Muscle wasting was seen in 3/7 responders and 4/7 non-responders, and denervation potentials in needle EMG were seen in 1/7 responders and 3/7 non-responders. Four @entity1 of the responders were classified as chronic relapsing course, and 6 @entity1 of the non-responders as chronic progressive course. We conclude that DFPP was useful for the subgroups of @entity2646 @entity1 , but the underlying immuno-pathological background that determine the efficacy of plasmapheresis should be elucidated.

title: [Double filtration plasmapheresis (DFPP) in XXXX ( @entity2646 )].

entities_list: @entity17 :: ('MESH:D003711', 'Disease') :: ['demyelination']

entities_list: @entity2653 :: ('MESH:C538175', 'Disease') :: ['modified Rankin scale', 'MRS']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological disability']

entities_list: @entity2646 :: ('MESH:D020277', 'Disease') :: ['CIDP', 'chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy']

answer: @entity2646 :: (MESH:D020277,Disease) :: ['chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy']


abstract: PURPOSE: To describe a successful five-level cervical corpectomy and circumferential reconstruction in a @entity1 with a @entity15037 causing a severe @entity85 . METHODS: Case report. RESULTS: 43-year-old @entity1 with history of @entity4786 presented with signs and symptoms of @entity602 with @entity508 lower extremities and gait difficulties. Imaging studies demonstrated a severe @entity85 of the cervical spine with associated cord compression secondary to an anteriorly positioned @entity15037 . Two-stage surgical procedure was designed to treat this lesion. Stage I consisted of tracheostomy placement, transmandibular, circumglossal approach to the anterior cervical spine, C2-C6 corpectomies, and C1-C7 reconstruction with a custom @entity702 cage/plate. Stage II consisted of suboccipital craniectomy, C1-C2 laminectomies, and occipital-cervical thoracic instrumented fusion (O-T8). There were no operative complications, but the @entity1 did develop a @entity1151 post-operatively treated with anticoagulation. @entity1 required two-weeks of inpatient rehabilitation following surgery. Gastrostomy tube and tracheostomy were successfully discontinued with preserved swallowing and respiratory function. @entity1 -reported outcome measurements revealed significant and sustained improvement post-operatively. CONCLUSIONS: Five-level cervical corpectomy including C2 can be safely and successfully performed via a transmandibular, circumglossal approach. Circumferential reconstruction utilizing a custom anterior @entity702 cage and plate system manufactured from a pre-operative CT scan was utilized in this case. Long segment occipital-cervical-thoracic reconstruction is recommended in such a case. Using such a technique, improvement in @entity602 , @entity85 , and improved quality of life can be achieved.

title: Five-level cervical corpectomy for @entity4786 -associated XXXX : case report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'Patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity602 :: ('MESH:D013118', 'Disease') :: ['myelopathy']

entities_list: @entity15037 :: ('MESH:D018318', 'Disease') :: ['plexiform neurofibroma']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['small pulmonary embolism']

entities_list: @entity4786 :: ('MESH:D017253', 'Disease') :: ['Neurofibromatosis']

entities_list: @entity702 :: ('MESH:D014025', 'Chemical') :: ['titanium']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['kyphotic deformity', 'correction of deformity']

answer: @entity85 :: (MESH:D009140,Disease) :: ['spinal deformity']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To our knowledge, no studies to date have assessed the short- and long-term outcomes of laparoscopic total mesenteric excision in @entity1 with @entity5 of the rectum. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the short- and long-term outcomes of @entity1 who underwent laparoscopic rectal resection plus total mesenteric excision for @entity8799 at our institution. DESIGN: This was a single center, retrospective study. SETTINGS: The study was conducted at a tertiary care facility. @entity1 : Eight-two @entity1 with @entity5 who underwent rectal resection with total mesenteric excision, 77 laparoscopically, between June 2005 and August 2015 were included. INTERVENTIONS: Laparoscopic rectal resection and total mesenteric excision were the study interventions. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Demographic characteristics and surgical and postoperative outcomes were measured. RESULTS: Median @entity5 size was 8.8   mm (range, 3.0-35.0   mm); 63.6% of @entity5 were located in the lower rectum, with the median distance from the @entity5 to the anal verge being 50.0   mm (range, 20.0-130.0   mm). Anal preservation was achieved in all of the @entity1 . @entity834 occurred in 5 @entity1 (6.5%), but there were no deaths. Seventy-one @entity1 (92.2%) had @entity5 invasion confined to the submucosa. Lymph node @entity3 was present in 29 @entity1 (37.7%), including 26 (33.8%) with perirectal and 5 (6.5%) with lateral lymph node @entity3 . The median follow-up period in 59 @entity1 was 42 months (range, 11-113 months), and the 3-year overall survival rate was 97.8%. LIMITATIONS: The study was limited by its single-center, retrospective analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopic rectal resection with total mesenteric excision is safe in @entity1 with @entity8799 , with good short- and long-term outcomes. Because @entity8799 are smaller and show superficial invasion, the rate of anal preservation may be high.

title: Short- and Long-term Outcomes of Laparoscopic Total Mesenteric Excision for XXXX of the Rectum.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity834 :: ('MESH:D057868', 'Disease') :: ['Anastomotic leakage']

entities_list: @entity8799 :: ('MESH:D018358', 'Disease') :: ['rectal neuroendocrine tumors']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'neuroendocrine tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Neuroendocrine Tumors']


abstract: The activity of the extended spectrum @entity5898 cefpirome ( @entity17231 ) was compared with that of other @entity7660 and @entity801 . A total of 524 clinical isolates and strains known to be resistant to certain agents were studied. Against the Enterobacteriaceae, @entity327 and Neisseria spp. cefpirome was highly active (MIC90 less than or equal to 0.5 mg/l), generally being as active or slightly more active than @entity5505 and @entity3524 , and 8 to 32 times more active than @entity2261 . Against @entity796 cefpirome (MIC90 8 mg/l) was four-fold less active than @entity5505 . @entity794 was susceptible to cefpirome (MIC90 2 mg/l) and cefpirome was the only @entity5898 tested with significant activity against Lancefield Group D streptococci. Bacteroides spp. (with the exception of Bact. ureolyticus) were resistant to cefpirome. The compound was bactericidal to all the susceptible strains studied with the exception of Lancefield Group D streptococci. The major target site for cefpirome was PBP 3 and the protein binding was low.

title: The antimicrobial activity of cefpirome, a new XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2261 :: ('MESH:D002444', 'Chemical') :: ['cefuroxime']

entities_list: @entity801 :: ('MESH:D005839', 'Chemical') :: ['gentamicin']

entities_list: @entity796 :: ('287', 'Species') :: ['Pseudomonas aeruginosa']

entities_list: @entity327 :: ('727', 'Species') :: ['Haemophilus influenzae']

entities_list: @entity5898 :: ('CHEBI:23066', 'Chemical') :: ['cephalosporin']

entities_list: @entity7660 :: ('MESH:D047090', 'Chemical') :: ['beta-lactams']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']

entities_list: @entity3524 :: ('MESH:D002439', 'Chemical') :: ['cefotaxime']

entities_list: @entity5505 :: ('MESH:D002442', 'Chemical') :: ['ceftazidime']

answer: @entity5898 :: (CHEBI:23066,Chemical) :: ['cephalosporin']


abstract: We describe the case of an adolescent who was admitted to the hospital because of sudden occurrence of @entity662 , @entity1353 and @entity9285 . On admission, physical examination revealed subcutaneous crepitations in the superior part of the rib cage, and auscultation of the chest showed widespread wheezing. The radiological assessment confirmed the diagnosis of @entity14303 and pneumothorax. A follow-up CT scan performed one week after the admission showed almost complete resolution of the radiological alterations. At the following visits, the @entity1 was asymptomatic, but reported to have suffered from frequent episodes of rhinorrea, sneezing, nasal blockage, and sometimes, chest @entity3431 , especially during exposure to pets and/or windy weather. Skin prick testing showed sensitivities to @entity7130 and farinae, grass pollen and @entity235 dander. Spirometry documented significant improvement in lung function after short-acting bronchodilator, allowing for the diagnosis of @entity565 to be made. Although @entity14303 may be a complication of various @entity1576 , including @entity565 , it has never been reported as the first presentation of underlying @entity565 . Herein, the physiopathological mechanisms, the diagnostic procedures and treatment of @entity14303 in @entity565 are discussed. We suggest that the diagnosis of @entity565 should be considered in the differential diagnosis of @entity14303 in adolescence.

title: A 15-year-old @entity1 with anterior @entity662 , progressive XXXX , and @entity9285 of the neck.

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['chest pain']

entities_list: @entity9285 :: ('MESH:D013352', 'Disease') :: ['subcutaneous emphysema']

entities_list: @entity7130 :: ('6956', 'Species') :: ['dermatophagoides pteronyssinus']

entities_list: @entity3431 :: ('MESH:C536920', 'Disease') :: ['tightness']

entities_list: @entity565 :: ('MESH:D001249', 'Disease') :: ['asthma', 'bronchial asthma']

entities_list: @entity14303 :: ('MESH:D008478', 'Disease') :: ['pneumomediastinum']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory diseases']

answer: @entity1353 :: (MESH:D004417,Disease) :: ['dyspnea']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: After the first report of laparoscopic incisional and @entity4037 repair (LIVHR) in 1993, several studies have proven its efficacy over open method. Among the technical issues, the technique of mesh fixation to the abdominal wall is still an area of debate. This prospective randomized study was done to compare two techniques of mesh fixation, i.e., tacker with four corner transfascial sutures versus transfascial sutures alone. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 68 @entity1 admitted for LIVHR repair (defect size less than 25 cm2) were randomized in two groups: group I, tacker fixation (36 @entity1 ) and group II, suture fixation (32 @entity1 ). Various intraoperative variables and postoperative outcomes were recorded and analyzed. RESULTS: The @entity1 in the two groups were well matched in terms of age, sex, body mass index (BMI), and hernia characteristics. Mean BMI was 29.0 kg/m2. Operative time was found to be significantly higher in group II (77.5 versus 52.6 min, p=0.000). @entity1 in group I were found to have significantly higher @entity158 scores at 1 h, 6 h, 24 h, 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months postoperatively. At follow-up, incidence of @entity2080 was higher in group II but the difference was not significant (7 versus 4, p=0.219). During long-term follow-up, @entity1 in group II were satisfied cosmetically. CONCLUSION: Suture fixation is a cost-effective alternative to tacker fixation, for small and medium-sized defects in anatomically accessible areas. However, suture fixation requires significantly longer operation time, but @entity1 have statistically significantly less @entity282 .

title: A prospective randomized study comparing suture mesh fixation versus tacker mesh fixation for laparoscopic repair of incisional and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative pain']

entities_list: @entity4037 :: ('MESH:D006555', 'Disease') :: ['ventral hernia']

answer: @entity4037 :: (MESH:D006555,Disease) :: ['ventral hernias']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We studied the efficacy of 25-microg @entity396 pessaries as either single or double dose compared with a 3-mg @entity1421 pessary for cervical priming. DESIGN AND SETTING: A randomised controlled trial in Singapore. POPULATION: One hundred and seventy-one @entity1 with term pregnancies and modified Bishop scores (mBS) < or =6 from 2003 to 2004. METHOD: @entity1 were randomised to single @entity396 dose, double @entity396 dose or the current @entity1421 regimen. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Primary outcome was number of @entity1 who achieved favourable mBS >6 or active labour by day 2. Secondary outcomes were time interval from insertion to delivery, @entity854 , delivery and neonatal outcome. RESULTS: More @entity1 in the @entity396 double-dose group (96.6%) and @entity1421 group (93%) achieved the primary outcome compared with the single-dose group (77.8%) (P = 0.003 and P = 0.03, respectively). There was no difference in secondary outcomes. More multiparous @entity1 achieve primary outcome compared with nulliparous @entity1 (odds ratio 0.21, 95% confidence interval 0.06-0.77). CONCLUSION: Double-dose @entity396 25 microg is as effective as @entity1421 3 mg inserts for cervical priming; both are more efficacious than a single-dose @entity396 pessary. Parity prognosticates the success of induction.

title: A randomised controlled trial of low-dose XXXX and @entity1421 vaginal pessaries for cervical priming.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity1421 :: ('MESH:D015232', 'Chemical') :: ['dinoprostone']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['cardiotocographic abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity396 :: ('MESH:D016595', 'Chemical') :: ['misoprostol']

answer: @entity396 :: (MESH:D016595,Chemical) :: ['misoprostol']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Ideal treatment for @entity8968 caused by turbinate @entity1184 remains in question. Medical therapy is often ineffective. Surgical procedures have associated morbidity including @entity158 , @entity548 , crusting, adhesion, @entity281 , and dryness. Radiofrequency has recently been shown to be safe and effective in volumetric tissue reduction of the tongue in the animal model and of the palate in @entity1 beings. We prospectively evaluate the safety and effectiveness of radiofrequency volumetric tissue reduction (RFVTR) for the treatment of @entity8968 caused by inferior turbinate @entity1184 . METHODS: Twenty-two consecutive @entity1 with @entity8968 and associated inferior turbinate @entity1184 refractory to medical therapy were evaluated for RFVTR. The study design limited the region of treatment to the anterior third of the inferior turbinate. The procedures were performed in an ambulatory facility with @entity1 under local anesthesia. Clinical examinations, @entity1 questionnaires, and visual analog scales were used to assess treatment outcomes. RESULTS: No adverse effects were encountered, including @entity548 , crusting, dryness, @entity281 , adhesion, or a worsening of obstruction. Mild @entity4 was noted in all @entity1 but was of short duration (24 to 48 hours). Posttreatment discomfort was well controlled with @entity1443 . Eight weeks after treatment, nasal breathing improved in 21 of 22 @entity1 , with a 58.5% reduction in severity and a 56.5% decrease in the frequency of @entity8968 . CONCLUSION: The results of this study demonstrate that RFVTR of the @entity1184 inferior turbinate is associated with minimal adverse effects. Furthermore, this new treatment modality achieves subjective improvement in @entity1 with symptoms of @entity8968 . However, because of the small sample size and short follow-up, future investigations are needed to fully evaluate the use of RFVTR in the treatment of @entity8968 caused by turbinate @entity1184 .

title: Radiofrequency volumetric tissue reduction for treatment of turbinate XXXX : a pilot study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophy', 'hypertrophic']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity1443 :: ('MESH:D000082', 'Chemical') :: ['acetaminophen']

entities_list: @entity8968 :: ('MESH:D015508', 'Disease') :: ['nasal obstruction']

answer: @entity1184 :: (MESH:D006984,Disease) :: ['hypertrophy']


abstract: The historical aspects of facial nerve (FN) anatomy and of @entity4401 have long been favorite topics of otologic historians. Little attention has been paid, however, to the evolution of FN surgery, a subject with a remarkably rich and engaging history. In the early 13th century, Roland, an Italian surgeon, used a red hot @entity68 to coapt severed nerve endings. In the 17th century, Ferrara, another Italian, sutured injured nerves with tortoise tendon dipped in hot red wine. It was not until the late 19th century that peripheral nerve suture became a subject of serious scientific study. Although it is ironic, the course of events suggests that the evolution of FN repair was greatly stimulated by the development of the modern mastoid operation. Whereas the simple mastoid operation practiced by Wilde (1853) and others carried little risk of @entity2123 , more adventuresome procedures such as radical mastoidectomy (Kessel, 1885) carried a much greater risk. The abundance of iatrogenic palsies during this era undoubtedly did much to motivate surgeons to seek a better means of restoring facial animation. Most surgeons would be surprised to learn that crossover anastomoses predated direct nerve repair by nearly half a century. In 1879, the German surgeon Drobnik performed the first facial-spinal accessory @entity254 . Over the next two decades, numerous articles were written (most notably by Sir Charles Balance and Harvey Cushing) on crossovers between the FN and cranial nerves IX, X, XI, and XII. Although a few tentative attempts at reapproximating severed FNs took place in the first two decades of this century, it was not until 1925 that an actual suture repair of an @entity130 was undertaken. This feat was first accomplished by the famous hand surgeon Sterling Bunnell and shortly thereafter by the otolaryngologist Robert Martin. The evolution of FN surgery in the days predating the operating microscope is a rich tapestry of colorful personalities and clashing egos, which saw promising advances relegated to obscurity and some previously obscure techniques become progressively more promising.

title: Facial nerve surgery in the 19th and early 20th centuries: The evolution from crossover XXXX to direct nerve repair.

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity4401 :: ('MESH:D020330', 'Disease') :: ["Bell's palsy"]

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['intratemporal injury']

answer: @entity254 :: (MESH:C563598,Disease) :: ['anastomosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated early and long-term results of endovascular treatment of @entity432 and compared these outcomes with those in @entity1 treated for stenotic lesions. METHODS: During a 10-year period ending in January 2010, 223 endovascular procedures to treat @entity432 (PAD) were performed. All @entity1 were prospectively enrolled in a dedicated database. The intervention was performed for iliac occlusion in 109 @entity1 (group 1) and for @entity850 in 114 (group 2). Early results were analyzed and compared by      and Fisher exact tests. Follow-up consisted of clinical examination and duplex scanning at discharge,  <= 3 months, at 6 and 12 months, and yearly thereafter. Follow-up results were analyzed with Kaplan-Meier curves and compared with the log-rank test. RESULTS: The two groups had similar risk factors for @entity731 and comorbidities. @entity63 was more common in group 1 (20.5%) than in group 2 (8.5%; P = .01). Intraoperative technical details were similar, except for a higher percentage of brachial and contralateral femoral access and more frequent use of @entity5648 stents in group 1. Two immediate technical failures occurred, one in both groups, requiring immediate conversion to surgical bypass. Four intraoperative @entity397 occurred, two in each group; all were successfully treated with covered stents. An additional 10 immediate complications occurred (8 in group 1; 2 in group 2), one of which required conversion to open surgical bypass. The cumulative rate of perioperative complications was 9% in group 1 and 3.5% in group 2 (P = .08). Primary patency at 30 days was 97.3% and 98.7%, respectively. Mean duration of follow-up was 28.4 months; 203 @entity1 (91%) had a regular postoperative follow-up visit. At 60 months, primary patency in group 1 vs group 2 was 82.4% vs 77.7% (P = .9), assisted primary patency was 90.6% vs 85.5% (P = .4), and estimated secondary patency was 93.1% vs 92.8% (P = .3). The cumulative rate of reintervention during follow-up (excluding reinterventions performed in the perioperative period) was 2.5% in group 1 and 12.5% in group 2 at 60 months (P = .09). Univariate analysis in group 1 failed to find any of the examined risk factors significantly affected long-term primary patency rates. CONCLUSIONS: In our experience, endovascular treatment of @entity432 provides excellent early and long-term results, similar to those obtained in the treatment of stenotic lesions.

title: Early and long-term comparison of endovascular treatment of @entity432 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['Critical limb ischemia']

entities_list: @entity397 :: ('MESH:D012421', 'Disease') :: ['iliac ruptures']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['aortoiliac occlusive disease', 'iliac occlusions', 'iliac artery occlusions']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['iliac stenosis']

answer: @entity850 :: (MESH:D003251,Disease) :: ['stenosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Two major antigenically heterogenous norovirus genogroups (GI and GII) commonly infect @entity1 and are the leading cause of foodborne, viral @entity344 in adults. METHODS: We assessed B cell responses in @entity1 in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-escalation phase 1 study of the safety and immunogenicity of an intramuscular bivalent norovirus virus-like particle (VLP) vaccine. The vaccine contained a GI.1 VLP (Norwalk) and a consensus GII.4 VLP, representing the two major genotypes that cause @entity1 disease, and was administered on days 0 and 28 to healthy adults aged 18-49 years. Four separate cohorts received increasing doses of 5 g, 15 g, 50 g, and 150 g of each VLP adjuvanted in monophosphoryl lipid A and alum. PBMCs were analyzed for B cell activation and mucosal homing markers (flow cytometry) and VLP-specific and total IgG and IgA @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ); and serum titers of VLP-specific IgG, IgA, and Pan-Ig were determined. RESULTS: The vaccine elicited @entity2731 + @entity3053 + plasmablasts and high frequencies of @entity1358 specific for both VLP antigens in the peripheral blood at 7 days after the first dose. The plasmablasts exhibited a mucosal-homing phenotype and included a high proportion of IgA @entity1358 . Serum antibodies increased as early as 7 days after the first immunization. CONCLUSIONS: The data suggest that a single dose of the IM bivalent norovirus vaccine is effective in activating pre-existing B cell memory. The rapid B cell response and the mucosal homing phenotype of induced @entity1358 are consistent with anamnestic responses in subjects primed by prior oral norovirus infection. This study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT01609257.

title: Robust mucosal-homing antibody-secreting B cell responses induced by intramuscular administration of adjuvanted bivalent XXXX norovirus-like particle vaccine.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'humans', 'human']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal infections']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['Ab-secreting cells', 'ASCs']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: A retrospective review was carried out of the records of 268 @entity1 with a pathologically proved diagnosis of @entity957 treated by glossectomy at M.D. Anderson Hospital and @entity5 Institute from January 1, 1970 through December 31, 1979. Pathologic findings found on frozen section analysis were correlated with the @entity2802 stage of the @entity5 , histologic characteristics, perineural invasion, type of treatment, local recurrence, and survival rate. Thirty-eight @entity1 with squamous @entity1697 and 16 @entity1 with @entity5 of the base of the tongue had initially positive frozen section margins. Forty-one of these @entity1 had margins that were negative at the completion of surgery. Thirteen @entity1 never had negative margins. Positive mucosal margins were more common in smaller @entity5 and positive muscular margins were more common in larger @entity5 . @entity1 with perineural @entity3 had a higher percentage of positive margins. Those @entity1 with initially positive margins that were rendered negative at the completion of the procedure and treated with surgery only had a significantly increased local recurrence rate and reduced survival compared with @entity1 similarly treated with initially negative margins. @entity5 stage, location (muscular versus mucosal) of positive margins, and the presence of perineural invasion were not significant in predicting local recurrence or decreased survival. If all @entity1 with microscopically positive margins are considered for postoperative radiotherapy, then the routine use of intraoperative frozen section examination of the margins of resection in @entity957 may not be justified.

title: Microscopic cut-through of @entity5 in the surgical treatment of XXXX . Prognostic and therapeutic implications.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1697 :: ('MESH:D009062', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma of the oral tongue']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous carcinoma of the tongue']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['invasion and larger tumors']

answer: @entity957 :: (MESH:D002294,Disease) :: ['squamous carcinoma of the tongue']


abstract: The combined occurrence of @entity1002 and @entity1165 portend a high annual mortality. Although antiarrhythmic drugs can reduce @entity943 , the prognosis may be unchanged. We administered @entity2779 to 12 @entity1 with @entity1165 and left ventricular ejection fractions less than 40%. @entity2779 significantly reduced isolated ventricular premature depolarizations, couplets, and @entity1165 on ambulatory monitoring. @entity2779 eliminated all exercise provocable @entity1165 . @entity2779 additionally abolished @entity1165 inducible by programmed stimulation in five of six @entity1 . In eight @entity1 studied before and during therapy, there was no significant change in left ventricular ejection fraction determined by nuclear ventriculography. @entity2779 was discontinued in three @entity1 due to side effects. All @entity1 remain alive and without recurrence of clinically significant @entity943 over a mean follow-up period of 14 months. @entity2779 is an effective drug for the management of @entity1165 , and may be used in @entity1 with @entity1002 .

title: @entity2779 therapy for XXXX in the setting of congestive heart failure.

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular tachyarrhythmias', 'ventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular arrhythmias', 'arrhythmia']

entities_list: @entity2779 :: ('MESH:D011405', 'Chemical') :: ['Propafenone', 'propafenone']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['impaired left ventricular function']

answer: @entity1165 :: (MESH:D017180,Disease) :: ['ventricular tachycardia']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We sought to determine whether @entity998 ( @entity998 ) can predict recovery of regional left ventricular contractile function after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). BACKGROUND: Regional contractile function does not recover in all @entity1 after PCI for @entity583 ( @entity583 ). Prediction of functional recovery after @entity583 may help in clinical decision making. METHODS: Forty consecutive @entity1 with @entity583 were studied with left ventricular contrast echocardiography for accurate wall thickness and function measurement and myocardial perfusion immediately after and two months following PCI. RESULTS: Out of 640 segments, 175 (27%) dysfunctional segments in the @entity1188 territory were analyzed for @entity998 , wall function, and perfusion. One hundred and three (59%) dysfunctional segments presented with an @entity998 <11 mm and 72 (41%) presented with an @entity998 > or =11 mm. Perfusion (partial or complete) was present in 63 segments with an @entity998 <11 mm (61%) and 71 segments with an @entity998 > or =11 mm (99%) (p < 0.001). At two months' follow-up, 66 of 72 segments with an @entity998 > or =11 mm (92%) improved, whereas only 35 of 103 of the dysfunctional segments with an @entity998 <11 mm (34%) improved (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Wall thickness is an easy parameter to predict recovery of function after revascularization. Moreover, combining @entity998 and perfusion, segments with an @entity998 > or =11 mm, and presence of perfusion have the highest chance of recovery; segments with an @entity998 <11 mm and perfusion have an intermediate chance of recovery. In segments with an @entity998 <11 mm and no perfusion, chances of recovery are very low.

title: Myocardial wall thickness predicts recovery of contractile function after primary coronary intervention for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['AMI', 'acute myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity998 :: ('MESH:D002303', 'Disease') :: ['end-diastolic wall thickness', 'EDWT']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['acute myocardial infarction']


abstract: CONTEXT: The @entity6 Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) demonstrated the benefits of intensive treatment of @entity6 in reducing glycemic levels and slowing the progression of @entity2316 . The DCCT cohort has been examined annually for another 8 years as part of the follow-up Epidemiology of @entity6 Interventions and Complications (EDIC) study. During the EDIC study, glycemic levels no longer differed substantially between the 2 original treatment groups. OBJECTIVE: To determine the long-term effects of intensive vs conventional @entity6 treatment during the DCCT on kidney function during the EDIC study. DESIGN, SETTING, AND @entity1 : Observational study begun in 1993 (following DCCT closeout) in 28 medical centers in the United States and Canada. @entity1 were 1349 (of 1375) EDIC volunteers who had kidney evaluation at years 7 or 8. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Development of microalbuminuria, clinical-grade @entity633 , @entity101 , or increase in serum @entity1011 level. RESULTS: Results were analyzed by intention-to-treat analyses, comparing the 2 original DCCT treatment groups. New cases of microalbuminuria occurred during the EDIC study in 39 (6.8%) of the @entity1 originally assigned to the intensive-treatment group vs 87 (15.8%) of those assigned to the conventional-treatment group, for a 59% (95% confidence interval [CI], 39%-73%) reduction in odds, adjusted for baseline values, compared with a 59% (95% CI, 36%-74%) reduction at the end of the DCCT (P<.001 for both comparisons). New cases of clinical @entity633 occurred in 9 (1.4%) of the @entity1 in the original intensive-treatment group vs 59 (9.4%) of those in the original conventional-treatment group, representing an 84% reduction in odds (95% CI, 67%-92%), compared with a reduction of 57% (95% CI, -1% to +81%) at the end of the DCCT. Fewer cases of @entity101 (prevalence at year 8, 29.9% vs 40.3%; P<.001) developed in the original intensive-treatment group. Significantly fewer @entity1 reached a serum @entity1011 level of 2 mg/dL or greater in the intensive-treatment vs the conventional-treatment group (5 vs 19, P =.004), but there were no differences in mean log clearance values. Although small numbers of @entity1 required dialysis and/or transplantation, fewer @entity1 experienced either of these outcomes in the intensive group (4 vs 7, P =.36). CONCLUSIONS: The persistent beneficial effects on albumin excretion and the reduced incidence of @entity101 7 to 8 years after the end of the DCCT suggest that previous intensive treatment of @entity6 with near-normal glycemia during the DCCT has an extended benefit in delaying progression of @entity2316 .

title: Sustained effect of intensive treatment of type 1 XXXX on development and progression of @entity2316 : the Epidemiology of @entity6 Interventions and Complications (EDIC) study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'Participants', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetes', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity2316 :: ('MESH:D003928', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic nephropathy']

entities_list: @entity633 :: ('MESH:D000419', 'Disease') :: ['albuminuria']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes mellitus']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Our hypothesis was that functional polymorphisms in matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) genes may act as susceptibility factors for the development of @entity574 ( @entity574 ). BACKGROUND: Different forms of remodeling have been described at the level of coronary arteries; CA, reported in 1% to 5% of @entity1 with angiographic evidence of @entity453 ( @entity453 ), are one of them. Matrix metalloproteinases have been implicated in the pathogenesis of @entity439 development through increased proteolysis of extracellular matrix proteins. METHODS: We screened 3,862 @entity1 who underwent coronary angiography and identified 113 @entity1 with @entity453 with at least one CA (CA group); these @entity1 were matched with 226 @entity1 with @entity453 without CA (control group). The -1, @entity16729 @entity1476 , 5A/6A @entity1549 , CA-repeat @entity1495 and @entity16730 @entity10885 polymorphisms were determined. RESULTS: The @entity1476 , @entity1495 and @entity10885 polymorphisms were not associated with CA. By contrast, the 5A/5A genotype of @entity1549 was significantly more frequent in the CA group than in the control group (31% vs. 18%, p = 0.015); similarly, the @entity1549 5A allele was more frequent in the CA group (p = 0.009). Three variables were independently associated with CA: the @entity1549 5A/5A genotype (odds ratio [OR] = 2.23, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.27 to 3.93]), a previous @entity583 (OR = 1.91, 95% CI [1.14 to 3.20]) and a history of @entity449 (OR = 21.06, 95% CI [2.35 to 188]). CONCLUSIONS: The @entity1549 5A allele is associated with the occurrence of CA. Our results suggest that an increased proteolysis in the arterial wall may act as a susceptibility factor for the development of CA in @entity1 with @entity453 .

title: Polymorphisms in the promoter regions of @entity1476 , XXXX , @entity1495 and @entity10885 genes as determinants of @entity574 .

entities_list: @entity449 :: ('MESH:D001014', 'Disease') :: ['aortic aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['CAD', 'coronary artery disease', 'coronary atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity574 :: ('MESH:D003323', 'Disease') :: ['CAs', 'coronary aneurysms']

answer: @entity1549 :: (4314,Gene) :: ['MMP-3']