abstract: BACKGROUND: Adverse reactions following intravenous @entity941 are very unusual and their mechanism is still uncertain. We report the case of a @entity1 who suffered an adverse reaction during a @entity941 ocular angiography. Positive @entity566 tests to @entity941 suggest an IgE-mediated mechanism. OBJECTIVE: Report the @entity566 evaluation performed in a @entity1 who suffered an adverse reaction during an intravenous @entity941 administration. METHODS: We selected the case of a @entity1 who suffered @entity1296 , diaphoresis, generalized pallor, @entity390 , sphincter relaxation, @entity551 , and intense malaise during a @entity941 ocular angiography and compared the results to other nonreactive subjects. Allergy evaluation: Prick and intradermal skin tests and serial determinations of serum tryptase were performed on the @entity1 and four control subjects who underwent and tolerated the same procedure as well as on a @entity1 who developed an intense @entity11419 during blood extraction. RESULTS: Positive skin tests and dramatic increase of serum tryptase (67U/I) were observed in our @entity1 . The rest of the @entity1 had negative skin tests and did not have any variation in their serum tryptase. CONCLUSIONS: An IgE-mediated mechanism is suggested as responsible for this adverse reaction. We recommend that a complete @entity566 evaluation should be performed in all @entity1 who have adverse reactions to @entity941 in order to differentiate @entity56 from other types of reactions.

title: @entity941 -induced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity11419 :: ('MESH:C536827', 'Disease') :: ['vagal reaction']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['true allergic reactions']

entities_list: @entity941 :: ('MESH:D019793', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium fluorescein', 'fluorescein']

entities_list: @entity1296 :: ('MESH:D004244', 'Disease') :: ['dizziness']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

answer: @entity56 :: (MESH:D004342,Disease) :: ['allergic reaction']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To document the natural history of @entity5513 treated conservatively, and to find if there are any predictive factors for growth and need for active intervention. DESIGN: A retrospective review of @entity1 notes and radiology, mostly MRIs. SUBJECTS: Eighty-eight @entity1 managed conservatively for unilateral @entity5513 and that have had at least two radiological investigations. OUTCOME MEASURES: Change in @entity5 size over time was evaluated. Linear and logistic regression, respectively, were used to determine which factors (of age, size at diagnosis, audiology at presentation, length of follow-up or growth within first year of follow-up) would predict overall growth and active intervention. Characteristics of those that required active intervention is also demonstrated. RESULTS: Of the 88 @entity1 , the average size of @entity808 at diagnosis was 10.88 mm. The mean length of radiological follow-up was 3.65 years. 51.1% of @entity808 grew, 12.5% shrank and 36.4% remained the same size. The mean rate of growth was 1.24 mm per year. 25.0% failed conservative treatment, with 19 @entity1 having stereotactic radiosurgery and three undergoing microsurgery. Only growth in the first year of follow-up was found to significantly predict total growth. Size at diagnosis and growth in first year of follow-up were significantly found to predict active intervention. CONCLUSIONS: There remains a place for conservative treatment in those with small @entity5 , the elderly and those with significant co-morbidities. Growth in the first year of follow-up should be considered in determining whether to treat actively or not.

title: XXXX - when should conservative management be reconsidered?

entities_list: @entity5513 :: ('MESH:D009464', 'Disease') :: ['vestibular schwannomas', 'vestibular schwannoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity808 :: ('MESH:D009442', 'Disease') :: ['schwannoma', 'schwannomas']

answer: @entity5513 :: (MESH:D009464,Disease) :: ['Vestibular schwannomas']


abstract: IMPORTANCE: Comparisons of the relative effect of 3 anti- @entity7 agents to treat @entity1103 warrant further assessment. OBJECTIVE: To provide additional outcomes from a randomized trial evaluating 3 anti- @entity7 agents for @entity1103 within subgroups based on baseline @entity227 ( @entity227 ) and central subfield thickness (CST) as evaluated on optical coherence tomography. DESIGN, SETTING, AND @entity1 : Post hoc exploratory analyses were conducted of randomized trial data on 660 adults with @entity1103 and @entity227 (Snellen equivalent, approximately 20/32 to 20/320). The original study was conducted between August 22, 2012, and August 28, 2013. Analysis was conducted from January 7 to June 2, 2015. INTERVENTIONS: Repeated 0.05-mL intravitreous injections of 2.0 mg of aflibercept (224 eyes), 1.25 mg of bevacizumab (218 eyes), or 0.3 mg of ranibizumab (218 eyes) as needed per protocol. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: One-year @entity227 and CST outcomes within prespecified subgroups based on both baseline @entity227 and CST thresholds, defined as worse (20/50 or worse) or better (20/32 to 20/40) @entity227 and thicker (>= 400   m) or thinner (250 to 399   m) CST. RESULTS: In the subgroup with worse baseline @entity227 (n   =   305), irrespective of baseline CST, aflibercept showed greater improvement than bevacizumab or ranibizumab for several @entity227 outcomes. In the subgroup with better @entity227 and thinner CST at baseline (61-73 eyes across 3 treatment groups), @entity227 outcomes showed little difference between groups; mean change was +7.2, +8.4, and +7.6 letters in the aflibercept, bevacizumab, and ranibizumab groups, respectively. However, in the subgroup with better @entity227 and thicker CST at baseline (31-43 eyes), there was a suggestion of worse @entity227 outcomes in the bevacizumab group; mean change from baseline to 1 year was +9.5, +5.4, and +9.5 letters in the aflibercept, bevacizumab, and ranibizumab groups, respectively, and @entity227 letter score was greater than 84 (approximately 20/20) in 21 of 33 (64%), 7 of 31 (23%), and 21 of 43 (49%) eyes, respectively. The adjusted differences and 95% CIs were 39% (17% to 60%) for aflibercept vs bevacizumab, 25% (5% to 46%) for ranibizumab vs bevacizumab, and 13% (-8% to 35%) for aflibercept vs ranibizumab. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: These post hoc secondary findings suggest that for eyes with better initial @entity227 and thicker CST, some @entity227 outcomes may be worse in the bevacizumab group than in the aflibercept and ranibizumab groups. Given the exploratory nature of these analyses and the small sample size within subgroups, caution is suggested when using the data to guide treatment considerations for @entity1 . TRIAL REGISTRATION: clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01627249.

title: Association of Baseline Visual Acuity and Retinal Thickness With 1-Year Efficacy of Aflibercept, Bevacizumab, and Ranibizumab for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual acuity', 'VA', 'decreased VA']

entities_list: @entity1103 :: ('MESH:D008269', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic macular edema']

entities_list: @entity7 :: ('7422', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor']

answer: @entity1103 :: (MESH:D008269,Disease) :: ['Diabetic Macular Edema']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Canfosfamide is a novel glutathione analog activated by glutathione S-transferase P1-1. This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of canfosfamide in combination with pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) in @entity1 with platinum resistant @entity43 . @entity1 with @entity43 and measurable disease received canfosfamide at 960 mg/m2 in combination with PLD at 50 mg/m2, intravenously day 1 in every 28 day cycles until @entity5 progression or unacceptable @entity137 . The primary endpoints were objective response rate (ORR) and progression-free survival (PFS). RESULTS: Canfosfamide plus PLD combination therapy was administered at 960/50 mg/m2, respectively. Thirty-nine @entity1 received a median number of 4 cycles (range 1.0-18.0). The ORR was 27.8% (95% CI, 14.2-45.2) with a disease stabilization rate of 80.6% (95% CI, 64.0-91.8) in the evaluable population. The CA-125 marker responses correlated with the radiological findings of complete response or partial response. The median PFS was 6.0 months (95% CI, 4.2-7.9) and median survival was 17.8 months. The combination was well tolerated. Myelosuppression was managed with dose reductions and growth factor support. Grade 3 @entity1398 was observed in 2 @entity1 (5.1%). Non-hematologic adverse events occurred at the expected frequency and grade for each drug alone, with no unexpected or cumulative @entity137 . CONCLUSIONS: Canfosfamide in combination with PLD is well tolerated and active in platinum and paclitaxel refractory or resistant @entity43 . A randomized phase 3 study was conducted based on this supportive phase 2 study.

title: Phase 2 study of canfosfamide in combination with pegylated liposomal doxorubicin in platinum and paclitaxel refractory or XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cancer', 'platinum resistant ovarian carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['febrile neutropenia']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['resistant epithelial ovarian cancer']


abstract: OBJECT: @entity510 ( @entity510 ) carries a severe prognosis, which is often related to the development of @entity2553 . Even though several clinical and radiological predictors of @entity2553 and functional outcome have been established, the prognostic value of histopathological findings remains unclear. METHODS: Histopathological findings in resected distal @entity439 walls were examined, as were the clinical and radiological factors in a series of 91 @entity1 who had been neurosurgically treated for @entity439 @entity510 . The impact of the histological, clinical, and radiological factors on the occurrence of @entity2553 and functional outcome at discharge was analyzed. RESULTS: Histopathological findings frequently included lymphocytic infiltrates (60%), @entity82 (60%), and @entity39 (50%) of the resected @entity439 wall. On univariate analysis, clinical (Hunt and Hess grade) and radiological ( @entity439 size) factors as well as histopathological features-namely, lymphocytic infiltrates and @entity39 of the @entity439 wall-were significantly associated with the occurrence of @entity2553 . On multivariate analysis, lymphocytic infiltrates (OR 6.35, 95% CI 2.32-17.36, p = 0.0001) and @entity439 size (OR 1.22, 95% CI 1.05-1.42, p = 0.009) remained the only factors predicting the development of @entity2553 . A poor functional outcome at discharge was significantly associated with @entity2553 , other clinical factors (Hunt and Hess grade, @entity167 consumption, @entity4854 , and elevated white blood cell count [WBC] at admission), and radiological factors (Fisher grade and @entity439 size), as well as with histopathological features (lymphocytic infiltrates [p = 0.0001] and @entity39 of the @entity439 wall [p = 0.0015]). On multivariate analysis taking into account all clinical, radiological, and histological factors; @entity2553 (OR 9.82, 95% CI 1.83-52.82, p = 0.008), Hunt and Hess grade (OR 5.61, 95% CI 2.29-13.74, p = 0.0001), @entity1 age (OR 1.09, 95% CI 1.02-1.16, p = 0.0013), elevated WBC (OR 1.29, 95% CI 1.01-1.64, p = 0.04), and Fisher grade (OR 4.35, 95% CI 1.25-15.07, p = 0.015) best predicted functional outcome at discharge. CONCLUSIONS: The demonstration of lymphocytic infiltrates in the resected @entity439 wall is of independent prognostic value for the development of @entity2553 in @entity1 with neurosurgically treated @entity439 @entity510 . Thus, histopathology might complement other clinical and radiological factors in the identification of @entity1 at risk.

title: Prognostic value of histopathological findings in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['SAH', 'Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysmal', 'aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity2553 :: ('MESH:D020301', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral vasospasm', 'vasospasm']

entities_list: @entity4854 :: ('MESH:D006943', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemia']

answer: @entity510 :: (MESH:D013345,Disease) :: ['aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage']


abstract: @entity842 (NO) generation may be a final common pathway for beta-cell damage in early @entity1723 . Insulin-producing cells express an inducible form of NO synthase ( @entity3623 ), which is similar to that observed in activated macrophages. Induction of @entity3623 mRNA in these cells depends on protein synthesis. To further characterize the regulation of @entity3623 induction in insulin-producing cells, RINm5F cells (RIN cells) were exposed for 6 h to @entity1 recombinant @entity1356 ( @entity3426 ; 1 ng/ml) alone or in combination with either @entity4571 (10, 20, or 50 mM) or @entity619 (1 or 5 microM). These agents have been previously shown to prevent activation of @entity3623 in macrophages, fibroblasts, and hepatocytes. @entity3426 induced the expression of @entity3623 mRNA in RIN cells and a 12- to 13-fold increase in medium @entity3542 accumulation, the latter indicating NO production. @entity4571 decreased @entity3542 production in a dose-dependent way. Thus, 10 mM @entity4571 decreased @entity3426 -induced @entity3542 formation by 30%, 20 mM by 60%, and 50 mM by 90%. The highest concentration of @entity4571 also prevented @entity3426 -induced @entity3623 mRNA, an effect associated with inhibition of total protein biosynthesis. However, 10 or 20 mM @entity4571 did not modify @entity3426 -induced @entity3623 mRNA expression or inhibit protein biosynthesis. @entity619 also decreased @entity3426 -induced @entity3542 production without affecting @entity3623 mRNA expression. As a whole, these data suggest that both @entity4571 and @entity619 may prevent NO accumulation in insulin-producing cells by posttranscriptional mechanisms. It is also possible that these drugs induce direct inhibition of @entity3623 enzymatic activity and/or scavenge NO. Higher concentrations of @entity4571 might also inhibit @entity3623 mRNA expression, possibly by blocking protein biosynthesis.

title: @entity4571 and XXXX inhibit interleukin-1-induced @entity842 production by RINm5F cells without decreasing messenger ribonucleic acid expression for @entity842 synthase.

entities_list: @entity3542 :: ('CHEBI:16301', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrite']

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['Dexamethasone', 'dexamethasone']

entities_list: @entity1723 :: ('MESH:D003922', 'Disease') :: ['insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['Nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity4571 :: ('MESH:D009536', 'Chemical') :: ['nicotinamide', 'Nicotinamide']

answer: @entity619 :: (MESH:D003907,Chemical) :: ['dexamethasone']


abstract: The behaviour of Sarcoptes scabiei var. suis has been studied in @entity1908 of @entity1707 (fig. 1). The scanning electron microscope enabled us to observe the outer surface of the eggs in the burrow and even within the cut body of the fertilized female mite (fig. 2). Early events during hatching of the eggs and the first steps of the newborn larva (fig. 3) are shown. The presence of crystals containing @entity460 and @entity1391 is shown to occur in places where huge amounts of faecal material are collected (fig. 4). Although some of these aspects have not been published previously we observed many similarities in behavior between Sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis and suis in their respective hosts affected with @entity1908 . As to the therapeutic aspect of scabies in @entity1 , carefully selected drugs currently used in the systemic treatment of scabies in @entity1707 would be worth a trial in @entity1 difficult to treat.

title: [Biological behavior of Sarcoptes scabiei var. suis in XXXX epidermis. A scanning electron microscopy study in hyperkeratotic (or Norwegian) scabies of @entity1707 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1908 :: ('MESH:D012532', 'Disease') :: ['hyperkeratotic scabies']

entities_list: @entity1391 :: ('CHEBI:26020', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphate']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

answer: @entity1707 :: (9823,Species) :: ['swine']


abstract: Enteropathogenic @entity526 , a leading agent of @entity18330 , adheres to tissue culture cells in a pattern called "localized adherence." Localized adherence is associated with bundle-forming pili encoded by the plasmid @entity7208 gene, the product of which is homologous with the major structural subunit proteins of type IV fimbriae in other bacteria. Several of these proteins have been shown to be processed from a precursor by a specific @entity18331 . We cloned restriction fragments downstream of the @entity7208 gene into an @entity526 - @entity796 shuttle vector and mobilized them into a @entity796 @entity18331 (pilD) mutant. A plasmid containing a 1.3-kb PstI-BamHI fragment was able to complement the pilD mutation, as demonstrated by restoration of sensitivity to the pilus-specific bacteriophage PO4. The DNA sequence of this fragment revealed an open reading frame, designated @entity18332 , the predicted product of which is homologous to other prepilin peptidases, including TcpJ of @entity1838 (30% identical @entity1522 ), PulO of @entity7101 (29%), and PilD of @entity796 (28%). A @entity7208 ::TnphoA mutant complemented with a @entity7208 -containing DNA fragment only partially processes the @entity7208 protein. When complemented with a larger fragment containing @entity18332 as well as @entity7208 , the mutant expresses the fully processed @entity7208 protein. @entity796 PAK, but not a pilD mutant of PAK, expresses mature @entity7208 protein when the @entity7208 gene is mobilized into this strain. Thus, as in other type IV fimbria systems, enteropathogenic @entity526 utilizes a specific @entity18331 to process the major subunit of the bundle-forming pilus. This prepilin petidase contains sequence and reciprocal functional homologies with the PilD protein of @entity796 .

title: A plasmid-encoded XXXX gene from enteropathogenic @entity526 .

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity796 :: ('287', 'Species') :: ['Pseudomonas aeruginosa', 'P. aeruginosa']

entities_list: @entity1838 :: ('666', 'Species') :: ['Vibrio cholerae']

entities_list: @entity7101 :: ('571', 'Species') :: ['Klebsiella oxytoca']

entities_list: @entity18330 :: ('MESH:D003968', 'Disease') :: ['infantile diarrhea worldwide']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli', 'E. coli']

answer: @entity18331 :: (8319124(Tax:562),Gene) :: ['prepilin peptidase']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Preliminary evidence suggests @entity1058 ( @entity1058 ) could be a viable treatment option for @entity3610 ( @entity3610 ). Prior to conducting a clinical trial it is important to consider the characteristics of good clinical practice. This study aims to use professional consensus to establish good clinical practice guidelines for the @entity1058 treatment of @entity3610 . DESIGN AND SETTING: @entity1058 practitioners participated in a mixed-methods modified Delphi study involving three rounds of structured group communication. Round 1 involved qualitative interviews with practitioners to generate statements regarding good clinical practice. In round 2, these statements were distributed online to the same practitioners to rate their agreement using a 7-point Likert scale, where group consensus was defined as a median rating of >= 5. Statements reaching consensus were accepted for consideration onto the guideline whilst those not reaching consensus were re-distributed for consideration in round 3. Statements presented in the guidelines were graded from A (strong consensus) to D (no consensus) determined by median score and interquartile range. RESULTS: 11 @entity1058 practitioners in the UK were recruited. After three Delphi rounds, 91 statement items in total had been considered, of which 89 (97.8%) reached consensus and 2 (2.2%) did not. The concluding set of guidelines consists of 85 items representing key features of @entity1058 prescribing for @entity3610 . CONCLUSIONS: These guidelines can be viewed as an initial framework that captures fundamental principles of good clinical practice for @entity1058 .

title: Developing clinical practice guidelines for Chinese herbal treatment of XXXX : A mixed-methods modified Delphi study.

entities_list: @entity3610 :: ('MESH:D011085', 'Disease') :: ['polycystic ovary syndrome', 'PCOS']

entities_list: @entity1058 :: ('MESH:C562377', 'Disease') :: ['CHM', 'Chinese herbal medicine']

answer: @entity3610 :: (MESH:D011085,Disease) :: ['polycystic ovary syndrome']


abstract: @entity73 ( @entity73 ) is considered in many as prodromal stage of @entity195 ( @entity195 ). Event-related oscillations ( @entity12946 ) reflect cognitive responses of @entity75 (SEO) inform about sensory responses. For this study, we compared visual SEO and @entity12946 responses in @entity73 to explore brain dynamics (Background).Forty-three @entity1 with @entity73 (mean age=74.0 year) and 41 age- and education-matched @entity23 ( @entity23 ) (mean age=71.1 year) participated in the study. The maximum peak-to-peak amplitudes for each subject  s averaged delta response (0.5-3.0Hz) were measured from two conditions (simple visual stimulation and classical @entity227 target stimulation) (Method). Overall, amplitudes of target @entity12946 responses were higher than SEO amplitudes. The preferential location for maximum amplitude values was frontal lobe for @entity12946 and occipital lobe for SEO. The ANOVA for delta responses showed significant results for the group Xparadigm. Post-hoc tests indicated that (1) the difference between groups were significant for target delta responses, but not for SEO, (2) @entity12946 elicited higher responses for @entity23 than @entity73 @entity1 , and (3) females had higher target @entity12946 than males and this difference was pronounced in the control group (Results). Overall, cognitive responses display almost double the amplitudes of sensory responses over frontal regions. The topography of oscillatory responses differs depending on stimuli: visualsensory responses are highest over occipitals and -cognitive responses over frontal regions. A group effect is observed in @entity73 indicating that visual sensory and cognitive circuits behave differently indicating preserved visual sensory responses, but decreased cognitive responses (Conclusion).

title: The @entity227 , but not the visual sensory network, is affected in @entity73 : A study of XXXX responses.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual oddball paradigm']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain whereas sensory-evoked oscillations']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['Mild Cognitive Impairment', 'MCI']

entities_list: @entity23 :: ('MESH:D007174', 'Disease') :: ['healthy-elderly controls', 'HC']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['AD', 'Alzheimer  s disease']

answer: @entity75 :: (MESH:D001927,Disease) :: ['brain oscillatory']


abstract: @entity774 ( @entity774 ) is one of the most widespread severe @entity74 . @entity774 is caused by the impaired biosynthesis of the key @entity1 hormones @entity701 and @entity1369 and is accompanied by the excess synthesis of @entity3800 . Over 90% of @entity774 cases are caused by a deficiency of the @entity134 21-hydrohylase (P450c21). The degree of damage in this enzyme is responsible for the severity of the clinical manifestation of @entity774 from potentially lethal to mild symptoms. Various mutations of the gene encoding this enzyme are the main source of the reduced activity of the 21-hydrolase. The location of the highly homological pseudogene @entity1336 in close proximity to the functional gene impedes the DNA diagnostics of @entity774 . To detect the eight most frequent @entity4414 gene mutations associated with @entity774 , we developed a new real-time PCR-based system of DNA diagnostics using new allele-specific primers and TaqMan probes for the analyzed mutations. The method was primarily tested on artificial DNA templates, where the analyzed mutations were introduced by site-directed mutagenesis. Then, it was tested on DNA samples from 43 @entity1 with clinical and biochemical manifestations of @entity774 ; seven @entity1 were used as a control. Two mutant alleles were detected in two different individuals: the nonsense @entity25278 and the missense @entity12555 mutations.

title: [A new DNA diagnostic system for the detection of @entity1 XXXX gene mutations associated with adrenal cortex hyperplasia].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1369 :: ('MESH:D000450', 'Chemical') :: ['aldosterone']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['autosomal recessive hereditary diseases']

entities_list: @entity3800 :: ('MESH:D000728', 'Chemical') :: ['androgens']

entities_list: @entity774 :: ('MESH:D000312', 'Disease') :: ['Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia', 'CAH']

answer: @entity4414 :: (1589,Gene) :: ['CYP21']


abstract: Insulin growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs), characterized by the conserved insulin binding (IB) domains, are important components of endocrine system and play key roles in metabolism and growth. In the present study, the full-length cDNA of a single IB domain protein (designated EsSIBD) was identified from @entity21397 @entity21397 based on expressed sequence tag (EST) sequence. The 1187 bp EsSIBD cDNA contained a 321 bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding a putative protein of 106 @entity1522 , a 5'-untranslated region (UTR) of 189 bp, and a 3'-UTR of 677 bp. Multiple sequence alignment presented ten conserved @entity462 residues critical for the fundamental structure and function of IB domain. BLAST analysis revealed that EsSIBD shared high similarity with previously known IB domains of IGFBPs with the identities ranging from 40% to 46%. The sequence similarity and domain conservation indicated that EsSIBD was a potential member of the IGFBP family. Phylogenic analysis presented that EsSIBD was closer to IGFBP7 than to the other IB domain containing proteins, suggesting its functional similarity with the endocrine factor IFGBP7. The mRNA expression of EsSIBD in different tissues including hepatopancreas, gill, gonad, muscle, heart and haemocytes, and the temporal expression in haemocytes challenged by @entity2551 were measured by real-time RT-PCR. EsSIBD mRNA transcripts could be detected in all examined tissues with the highest expression level in gill. The EsSIBD mRNA expression in haemocytes was sensitive to @entity2551 stimulation and it was up-regulated from 3 to 24 h after challenge. The structure conservation and functional similarity to IFGBPs, and its sensitivity to @entity2551 stimulation collectively implied that EsSIBD was probably involved in endocrine and immune systems of @entity21397 , and provided insight into the cross-talk between the invertebrate endocrine and immune system.

title: A putative endocrine factor SIBD (single insulin binding domain protein) involved in immune response of @entity21397 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity21397 :: ('95602', 'Species') :: ['Chinese mitten crab', 'Eriocheir sinensis']

entities_list: @entity2551 :: ('55601', 'Species') :: ['Listonella anguillarum', 'L. anguillarum']

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity462 :: ('MESH:D003545', 'Chemical') :: ['cysteine']

answer: @entity21397 :: (95602,Species) :: ['Eriocheir sinensis']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine whether circadian activity rhythms are associated with mortality in community-dwelling older @entity1 . DESIGN: Prospective study of mortality. SETTING: A cohort study of health and aging. @entity1 : Three thousand twenty-seven community-dwelling @entity1 from the Study of @entity3604 cohort (mean age 84). MEASUREMENTS: Activity data were collected using wrist actigraphy for a minimum of three 24-hour periods, and circadian activity rhythms were computed. Parameters of interest included height of activity peak (amplitude), midline estimating statistic of rhythm (mesor), strength of activity rhythm (robustness), and time of peak activity (acrophase). Vital status, with cause of @entity204 adjudicated through @entity204 certificates, was prospectively ascertained. RESULTS: Over an average of 4.1 years of follow-up, there were 444 (14.7%) deaths. There was an inverse association between peak activity height and all-cause mortality rates, with higher mortality rates observed in the lowest activity quartile (hazard ratio (HR)=2.18, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.63-2.92) than in the highest quartile after adjusting for age, clinic site, race, body mass index, cognitive function, exercise, instrumental activity of daily living impairments, @entity308 , medications, @entity167 , smoking, self-reported health status, married status, and comorbidities. A greater risk of mortality from all causes was observed for those in the lowest quartiles of mesor (HR=1.71, 95% CI=1.29-2.27) and rhythm robustness (HR=1.97, 95% CI=1.50-2.60) than for those in the highest quartiles. Greater mortality from @entity5 (HR=2.09, 95% CI=1.04-4.22) and @entity64 (HR=2.64, 95% CI=1.11-6.30) was observed for later peak activity (after 4:33 p.m.; >1.5 SD from mean) than for the mean peak range (2:50-4:33 p.m.). CONCLUSION: Older @entity1 with weak circadian activity rhythms have higher mortality risk. If confirmed in other cohorts, studies will be needed to test whether interventions (e.g., physical activity, bright light exposure) that regulate circadian activity rhythms will improve health outcomes in older adults.

title: Circadian activity rhythms and mortality: the study of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity3604 :: ('MESH:D058866', 'Disease') :: ['Osteoporotic Fractures']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

answer: @entity3604 :: (MESH:D058866,Disease) :: ['osteoporotic fractures']


abstract: The objective of this study was to compare the success of resuscitation attempts with different cardioactive drugs after @entity1341 -induced @entity1167 . Saline, @entity11073 (1 mg/kg), @entity935 (5 micrograms/kg), @entity1063 (2 micrograms/kg), @entity1425 (10 micrograms/kg), or @entity3044 (1 microgram/kg) were tested. Sixty @entity35 assigned to six treatment groups (n = 10/group) were lightly anesthetized (0.5% @entity1508 , 70% @entity3727 ), paralyzed (doxacurium), and given @entity1341 intravenously at 4 mg.kg-1.min-1 until @entity1167 . Five seconds later up to three treatment drug doses were given at 30-s intervals. Then external cardiac massage was instituted as needed. Spontaneous heartbeat was restored in all animals given @entity1063 or @entity1425 . It was not restored in one saline-treated, one @entity935 -treated, one @entity3044 -treated, and three @entity11073 -treated animals. The highest (best) arbitrary scores for overall resuscitation success were achieved with @entity1063 and the lowest with @entity11073 (P < 0.05). The incidence of @entity943 after resuscitation was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in @entity1425 - and @entity3044 -treated animals versus other animals. Cardiac rhythm disturbance disappeared within 20 min after successful resuscitation with @entity1063 . @entity11073 was no more effective than saline in treating @entity1341 -induced @entity1167 . A drug such as @entity1063 , which has both cardiostimulator (beta 1-receptor agonist) and peripheral vasoconstrictor (alpha 1-receptor agonist) activity, may be the drug of choice for treating @entity1167 induced by @entity1341 .

title: Resuscitation from XXXX -induced @entity1167 in @entity35 : comparison of different cardioactive drugs.

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular arrhythmias']

entities_list: @entity1508 :: ('MESH:D006221', 'Chemical') :: ['halothane']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity1425 :: ('MESH:D004837', 'Chemical') :: ['epinephrine']

entities_list: @entity1341 :: ('MESH:D002045', 'Chemical') :: ['bupivacaine']

entities_list: @entity11073 :: ('MESH:D000676', 'Chemical') :: ['amrinone', 'Amrinone']

entities_list: @entity3044 :: ('MESH:D007545', 'Chemical') :: ['isoproterenol']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['norepinephrine']

answer: @entity1341 :: (MESH:D002045,Chemical) :: ['bupivacaine']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: : There have been few reports of the use of robotic surgery to resect @entity358 . Feasibility and safety of robotic lung resection for @entity358 will be assessed by performing a retrospective analysis. METHODS: : Between September 2004 and November 2006, 21 @entity1 (11 male and 10 female @entity1 ) underwent robotic lung resection. Twenty resections were performed for primary @entity1149 and two for metastatic lesions. One @entity1 had bilateral resections for two @entity5 . Fourteen lobectomies, five segementectomies, one wedge resection, and two bilobectomies were performed. Seventy-two percent of operative procedures included mediastinoscopy and/or bronchoscopy at the time of resection. RESULTS: : Thirty-day mortality and conversion rate was 0%. The median operating room time and estimated @entity190 was 3.6 hours and 100 mL, respectively. The median intensive care unit and total length of hospital stays were 2 and 4 days, respectively. Chest tubes were removed after a median of 2.0 days. The complication rate was 27%, which included @entity955 , need for postoperative bronchoscopy, and @entity55 . The median @entity5 size and number of lymph nodes harvested was 2.3 cm and 16, respectively. All resection margins were negative. Median follow-up time was 9.8 months, with no local recurrences at this time. CONCLUSION: : Robotic lung resection appears safe and feasible and allows for significant lymph node retrieval, offers short hospital stays and low morbidity for @entity1 undergoing surgical resection of @entity358 . Future studies are needed to define the role of @entity2 treatment.

title: Robotic-assisted lung resection for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'primary tumors']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['nonsmall cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['robotic surgery in lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['lung malignancies', 'malignant lung lesions']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['malignant disease']


abstract: The spinal cord is capable of initiating a significant and long-lasting pressor response following intrathecal injection of cholinergic agonists in freely moving @entity35 . The magnitude of the pressor response to the cholinesterase inhibitor, @entity1339 , was greatest when the site of injection was restricted to the thoracic level. Intrathecal (i.t.) injection of @entity1339 (1-10 micrograms) elicited a dose-related increase in mean arterial pressure of up to 45 mm Hg which remained elevated for almost 2 h. Significant inhibition of @entity4833 was localized to the spinal cord, with the thoracic region exhibiting the greatest degree of inhibition. Also, depletion of spinal @entity934 levels following i.t. injection of @entity11348 (HC-3) resulted in a significant reduction in the magnitude of the @entity1339 -induced pressor response. @entity5402 , a direct-acting cholinergic receptor agonist also increased mean arterial pressure following i.t. injection. However, the pressor response to @entity5402 was not reduced following HC-3. For both agonists, cardiovascular changes were accompanied by significant behavioral changes characterized by @entity400 , scratching, tail biting and chewing. The appearances of these behaviors following @entity1339 injection were reduced in frequency and intensity in HC-3-pretreated animals. These findings demonstrate the ability of spinal cholinergic neurons to mediate a significant @entity101 response. The presence of marked behavioral changes accompanying the cardiovascular response suggests the possibility that cholinergic neurons may be part of an ascending spinal system.

title: XXXX following intrathecal injection of cholinergic agonists in conscious @entity35 : role of endogenous @entity934 .

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity4833 :: ('83817(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['acetylcholinesterase']

entities_list: @entity11348 :: ('MESH:D006426', 'Chemical') :: ['hemicholinium-3']

entities_list: @entity5402 :: ('MESH:D002217', 'Chemical') :: ['carbachol', 'Carbachol']

entities_list: @entity1339 :: ('MESH:D009388', 'Chemical') :: ['neostigmine']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['Hypertension']


abstract: This is a retrospective analysis of 240 @entity1 who had clinical Stage IB @entity5 treated with radiation between 1969 and 1980. Of these, 186 @entity1 were treated with a combination of external and intracavitary radiation therapy, and 54 @entity1 received adjuvant postoperative radiation therapy. The minimum follow-up was 5 years. In the group who received only radiation therapy, the overall recurrence in 170 @entity1 (excluding 16 @entity1 found at laparotomy to have unresectable disease) was 17% (29 of 170); pelvic recurrence was 9% and distant metastases alone was 6%. In the group who received the adjuvant postoperative radiation therapy, 16 @entity1 had a simple hysterectomy followed by @entity530 for an unexpected Stage IB @entity5 . Their overall recurrence was 37.5% (6 of 16). Pelvic recurrence was the most common treatment failure with a recurrence of 31%. Significant prognostic factors were depth of stromal invasion and status of surgical margins. Thirty-eight @entity1 had a radical hysterectomy followed by postoperative radiation therapy because of positive pelvic lymph nodes and/or close surgical margins. In @entity1 with positive pelvic lymph nodes, the overall recurrence was 39% (9 of 23); pelvic recurrence was 13%. Distant metastases, the most common treatment failure, was 26%. In seven @entity1 with close surgical margins, five recurred in the pelvis. There was no distant metastases without pelvic failure. Five of eight @entity1 with close paracervical margins recurred in the pelvis. All five of these @entity1 were treated with vaginal ovoid irradiation alone. Whole pelvic irradiation plus vaginal ovoid irradiation is necessary in those with close paracervical margins. The vaginal ovoid irradiation alone should be limited to very selected @entity1 with positive vaginal margins only.

title: Analysis of treatment modalities and their failures in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity530 :: ('MESH:D010386', 'Disease') :: ['vaginal ovoid and/or external pelvic irradiation']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer of the cervix']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['stage IB cancer of the cervix']


abstract: katA encodes the major catalase that accounts for 90 % of the total catalase activity present in @entity17847 . phaseoli. katA is located upstream of an ORF designated ankA encoding a cytoplasmic membrane protein homologous to eukaryotic ankyrin. Transcriptional analysis of katA and ankA identified two katA transcripts: a major monocistronic katA transcript and a minor bicistronic katA-ankA transcript. KatA expression was induced in the presence of various oxidants including @entity274 , @entity8415 and the @entity224 -generating agent @entity8197 , in an OxyR-dependent manner. Analysis of the katA promoter region showed a putative OxyR binding site located upstream of an @entity526 -like sigma70 -35 region that is likely to be responsible for transcription activation in response to oxidant treatment. Gel mobility shift experiments confirmed that purified OxyR specifically binds to the katA promoter. A katA mutant was highly sensitive to @entity274 during both the exponential and stationary phases of growth. This phenotype could be complemented by functional katA, confirming the essential role of the gene in protecting @entity17847 from @entity274 @entity137 . Unexpectedly, inactivation of ankA also significantly reduced resistance to @entity274 and the phenotype could be complemented by plasmid-borne expression of ankA. Physiological analyses showed that katA plays an important role in, but is not solely responsible for, both the adaptive and @entity8197 -induced cross-protective responses to @entity274 killing in @entity17847 .

title: Genetic and physiological analysis of the major OxyR-regulated katA from XXXX pv. phaseoli.

entities_list: @entity8415 :: ('CHEBI:35924', 'Chemical') :: ['organic hydroperoxides']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity8197 :: ('MESH:D024483', 'Chemical') :: ['menadione']

entities_list: @entity17847 :: ('339', 'Species') :: ['X. campestris', 'Xanthomonas campestris pv']

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

answer: @entity17847 :: (339,Species) :: ['Xanthomonas campestris']


abstract: A 59-year-old-male with advanced @entity356 and multiple liver @entity3 was treated by intravenous administration of @entity1139 (30 mg/body) and oral administration of HCFU (400mg/body/day) initially after palliative gastrectomy. CT scan revealed that liver metastatic lesions were undetectable at three months after operation. Seven months later, administration of HCFU was discontinued because liver metastatic lesions were observed again. Intravenous administration of @entity1139 (10mg/body)+ACR (20mg/body) was performed four times weekly, but liver metastatic lesions were increasing in size. From 15 months after operation intravenous administration of CDDP (25mg/body/week) was started on an outpatient basis. After administration of CDDP 6 times, liver metastatic lesions were diminished in size. By CT scan the maximum percent reduction of liver metastatic lesions was 97% and duration of partial response was seven months. Eight months later, liver metastatic lesions regrew. At 28 months after operation, the @entity1 died of liver metastatic lesions. This low dose regimen of CDDP on an outpatient basis is potentially useful in the treatment of advanced @entity356 with multiple liver @entity3 .

title: [A case of @entity356 with multiple liver XXXX treated with low dose CDDP therapy on an outpatient basis after palliative gastrectomy].

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['metastasis']


abstract: @entity7912 , a widely used veterinary macrolide antibiotic, was found at traceable levels (nanograms per litre range) in Po River water (N-Italy). The aqueous environmental fate of this antibiotic compound was studied through drug decomposition, the identification of the main and secondary transformation products (TPs), assessment of mineralisation and the investigation of drug TPs @entity137 . Initially, laboratory experiments were performed, with the aim of stimulating the antibacterial transformation processes followed in aquatic systems. The TPs were identified through the employment of the liquid chromatography (LC)-mass spectrometry technique. Under illumination, @entity7912 degraded rapidly and transformed into numerous organic (intermediate) compounds, of which 11 could be identified, formed through five initial transformation routes. These laboratory simulation experiments were verified in situ to check the mechanism previously supposed. Po River water was sampled and analysed (by LC-high-resolution mass spectrometry) at eight sampling points. Among the previously identified TPs, five of them were also found in the river water. Three of them seem to be formed through a direct photolysis process, while the other two are formed through indirect photolysis processes mediated by natural photo sensitisers. The transformation occurring in the aquatic system involved hydroxylation, demethylation and the detachment of @entity10424 or mycarose @entity3363 . @entity137 assays using @entity7866 proved that even if @entity7912 did not exhibit @entity137 , its transformation proceeded through the formation of toxic products.

title: Fate of antibacterial XXXX in river waters.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'Toxicity']

entities_list: @entity7866 :: ('668', 'Species') :: ['Vibrio fischeri']

entities_list: @entity10424 :: ('MESH:C012325', 'Chemical') :: ['forosamine']

entities_list: @entity7912 :: ('MESH:D015572', 'Chemical') :: ['Spiramycin', 'spiramycin']

answer: @entity7912 :: (MESH:D015572,Chemical) :: ['spiramycin']


abstract: A @entity6 cat with @entity6392 had @entity4683 , @entity2011 , ventral @entity1661 , thin dry skin, and a pendulous abdomen. Results of laboratory testing indicated persistent resting hypercortisolemia, hyperresponsiveness of the adrenal glands (increased @entity701 concentration) to ACTH gel, and no suppression of @entity701 concentrations after administration of @entity619 at 0.01 or 1.0 mg/kg of body weight. Necropsy revealed a @entity977 , bilateral @entity774 , @entity99 , and demodicosis. @entity10163 was concurrently assessed in 2 @entity468 with @entity6 . One cat had resting hypercortisolemia, and both had hyperresponsiveness to ACTH gel (increased @entity701 concentration) at one hour. After administration of @entity619 (0.01 and 1.0 mg/kg), the @entity6 @entity468 appeared to have normal suppression of @entity701 concentrations. The effects of @entity8449 were investigated in 4 clinically normal @entity468 . @entity1636 of @entity701 production occurred in 2 of 4 @entity468 after dosages of 25, 37, and 50 mg/kg. Three @entity468 remained clinically normal throughout the study. One cat experienced @entity391 , @entity294 , and @entity448 .

title: XXXX in a cat.

entities_list: @entity8449 :: ('MESH:D008939', 'Chemical') :: ['mitotane']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity1661 :: ('MESH:D000008', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal alopecia']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity4683 :: ('MESH:D059606', 'Disease') :: ['polydipsia']

entities_list: @entity448 :: ('MESH:D000855', 'Disease') :: ['anorexia']

entities_list: @entity10163 :: ('MESH:D000307', 'Disease') :: ['Adrenal gland function']

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['dexamethasone']

entities_list: @entity1636 :: ('MESH:D018268', 'Disease') :: ['Adrenocortical suppression']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity6392 :: ('MESH:D000308', 'Disease') :: ['hyperadrenocorticism']

entities_list: @entity977 :: ('MESH:D010911', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary gland tumor']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic neoplasia']

entities_list: @entity774 :: ('MESH:D000312', 'Disease') :: ['adrenal hyperplasia']

answer: @entity6392 :: (MESH:D000308,Disease) :: ['Hyperadrenocorticism']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity17101 is a potentially fatal @entity281 caused by the fungus @entity12266 . During January 1 through March 5, 2006, twenty-one laboratory confirmed cases of @entity17101 were reported among residents of an @entity4759 area in north-central Wisconsin; a striking increase compared with previous years. The objective of the study was to determine if an observed increase in @entity17101 among residents of an urban area in north-central Wisconsin was caused by a point-source exposure and to identify its source. METHODS: We compared epidemiologic features, and signs and symptoms of @entity12266 @entity281 among 46 historic (1999-2005) and 21 possible outbreak case @entity1 . In addition, a case-control study was conducted to compare risk factors of the outbreak case @entity1 with those of 64 age, gender, and geographically-matched control subjects. We conducted site inspections, evaluated meteorological data, genetically compared outbreak and non-outbreak isolates, and attempted environmental detection of @entity12266 using polymerase chain reaction, in vitro isolation, and in vivo isolation by tail vein injection of @entity19 . RESULTS: The unusual risk profile of this outbreak included: residence within non-rural city limits with limited time spent outdoors and an equivalent gender ratio and young median age among case @entity1 consistent with common source rather than unrelated exposures. Thirteen of fourteen outbreak-associated clinical isolates of @entity12266 clustered in the same genetic group by PCR-RFLP analysis. Inspections near the cluster center suggested a yard waste collection site as the probable exposure source. @entity12266 nucleic acid was detected in one of 19 environmental samples. Environmental and meteorological conditions and material management practices were identified that may have facilitated growth and dispersal of @entity12266 conidia near this residential area. CONCLUSIONS: Results of our investigation of this large non-rural outbreak of @entity17101 suggest bioaerosol hazards may exist near yard waste collection and composting facilities, especially where pine tree litter is present, in @entity12266 @entity4759 areas.

title: Non-rural point source XXXX outbreak near a yard waste collection site.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity17101 :: ('MESH:D001759', 'Disease') :: ['Blastomycosis', 'blastomycosis']

entities_list: @entity12266 :: ('5039', 'Species') :: ['B. dermatitidis', 'Blastomyces dermatitidis']

answer: @entity17101 :: (MESH:D001759,Disease) :: ['blastomycosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Transfusion of erythrocytes is associated with increased morbidity in certain @entity1 groups. Storage time of erythrocytes may contribute to @entity1576 . Using a syngeneic in vivo transfusion model, we investigated whether transfusion of stored @entity35 erythrocytes causes @entity651 in healthy and in lipopolysaccharide-primed @entity35 in a "two-hit" model of @entity651 . METHODS: @entity35 were infused with aged @entity35 erythrocytes (14 days of storage) and washed aged erythrocytes or supernatant of aged erythrocytes. Controls received fresh @entity35 erythrocytes (0 days of storage) or saline. In the "two-hit" model of @entity651 , lipopolysaccharide was used as a "first hit" before transfusion. @entity35 and control @entity1 erythrocyte products were analyzed for @entity6579 accumulation. RESULTS: In healthy @entity35 , transfusion of aged erythrocytes caused mild @entity55 but no @entity1003 . In lipopolysaccharide-pretreated @entity35 , transfusion of aged erythrocytes augmented @entity651 by inducing @entity1003 , both in the pulmonary and systemic compartment, when compared with transfusion with fresh erythrocytes. When transfused separately, supernatant of aged erythrocytes, but not washed aged erythrocytes, mediated @entity1003 in the "two-hit" model. Analysis of the supernatant of aged erythrocytes ( @entity35 and @entity1 ) showed no @entity6579 accumulation. CONCLUSIONS: Transfusion of aged erythrocytes induces @entity651 in healthy @entity35 . In a "two-hit" model, injury induced by aged erythrocytes was characterized by @entity1003 and was abrogated by washing. Washing of aged erythrocytes may decrease @entity358 in @entity1 with an inflammatory condition who are exposed to a blood transfusion.

title: Supernatant of aged erythrocytes causes XXXX and @entity1003 in a "two-hit" in vivo syngeneic transfusion model.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity6579 :: ('MESH:D008244', 'Chemical') :: ['lysophosphatidylcholine']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1003 :: ('MESH:D001778', 'Disease') :: ['coagulopathy']

entities_list: @entity651 :: ('MESH:D055370', 'Disease') :: ['lung injury']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary complications']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory complications']

answer: @entity55 :: (MESH:D011014,Disease) :: ['lung inflammation']


abstract: CONTEXT: The relative benefits and harms of @entity34 ( @entity34 ) versus no or deferred @entity34 in @entity1 with nonmetastatic @entity263 ( @entity263 ) relapse after primary curative therapy are controversial. OBJECTIVE: To assess the effectiveness of @entity34 for nonmetastatic @entity263 relapse, prognostic factors for treatment outcome, timing of treatment, and the most effective treatment strategy to provide guidance for clinical practice. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: A systematic literature search was undertaken incorporating Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Library (search ended March 2015). Studies were critically appraised for risk of bias. The outcomes included overall and cancer-specific survival, metastasis-free survival, symptom-free survival, progression to castrate resistance, adverse events, and quality of life. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: Of 9687 articles identified, 27 studies were eligible for inclusion (2 RCTs, 8 nonrandomised comparative studies, and 17 case series). The results suggest that only a subgroup of @entity1 , especially those with high-risk disease, may benefit from early @entity34 . The main predictors for unfavourable outcomes were shorter PSA doubling time (<6-12 mo) and higher Gleason score (>7). Early @entity34 may be warranted for @entity1 with high-risk disease. An intermittent @entity34 strategy appears feasible. Most studies had a moderate to high risks of bias. CONCLUSIONS: @entity34 for @entity263 relapse after primary therapy with curative intent should be reserved for @entity1 at highest risk of progression and with a long life expectancy. The potential benefits of starting @entity34 should be judiciously balanced against the associated harms. @entity1 SUMMARY: This article summarises the evidence on the benefits and harms of @entity34 in @entity263 ( @entity263 ) @entity1 in whom the disease has recurred following earlier curative treatment. We found that only a select group of @entity1 with aggressive @entity263 and a fast rising @entity1486 may benefit from early @entity34 ( @entity34 ), whereas in others @entity34 may be more harmful than beneficial.

title: Role of Hormonal Treatment in XXXX @entity1 with Nonmetastatic Disease Recurrence After Local Curative Treatment: A Systematic Review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENT']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer', 'PCa']

entities_list: @entity1486 :: ('354', 'Gene') :: ['prostate-specific antigen']

entities_list: @entity34 :: ('MESH:D016609', 'Disease') :: ['HT', 'hormonal treatment']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['Prostate Cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To document a rare case of coexisting @entity46 and @entity44 in the same ovary. DESIGN: Case report. SETTING: Gynecology unit in a tertiary training and teaching hospital in Cape Town, South Africa. @entity1 (S): A 30-year-old healthy nulligravida @entity1 with a large @entity43 . INTERVENTION(S): After a basic examination, a diagnostic and management laparotomy was performed. A unilateral oophorectomy and staging laparotomy were performed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Final diagnosis of @entity43 . RESULT(S): Histologic analysis confirmed @entity46 and concomitant compound pathology in the right ovary, which included @entity46 , @entity44 , and @entity8940 . CONCLUSION(S): Co-existence of varied pathology in a single organ presents a challenge to the pathologist and the clinician. Accurate clinical (i.e., surgical) assessment and decisive histologic verification forms a critical part in this process. This case of coexisting @entity46 and @entity44 in a single ovary is, to our knowledge, only the third case reported in literature.

title: Rare case of perplexing XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'PATIENT']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian tumor', 'a complex ovarian tumor']

entities_list: @entity46 :: ('MESH:D004715', 'Disease') :: ['endometriosis of the pelvis', 'endometriosis']

entities_list: @entity8940 :: ('MESH:D018291', 'Disease') :: ['mucinous cystadenoma']

entities_list: @entity44 :: ('MESH:D013724', 'Disease') :: ['mature teratoma', 'teratoma', 'mature cystic teratoma']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['ovarian endometriosis']


abstract: Three cases of cystic @entity808 arising from the upper cervical spinal nerve roots and extending to the posterior cranial fossa through the foramen magnum were reported. Case 1 was a 52-year-old female presenting marked @entity1829 , @entity2915 right knee jerk, @entity2055 . The mass was mostly cystic and arose from the left 1st cervical nerve root. It extended to the posterior fossa, occupied the cerebello-medullary cistern and displaced the @entity76 posteriorly and superiorly. Case 2 was a 39-year-old male presenting marked @entity1829 , neck stiffness, dysfunction of the right 7, 9, 10 and 11th cranial nerves, gaze @entity346 , @entity4820 , @entity2055 , and @entity2055 . The mass was totally cystic containing yellowish fluid and was growing from the right 2nd cervical spinal nerve root. The mass extended to the posterior cranial fossa up to the right cerebello-pontine angle and compressed the medulla oblongata, upper cervical cord and 7th through 11th cranial nerves on the right side. Case 3 was a 66-year-old male presenting marked @entity1829 , gaze @entity346 , @entity1269 , @entity427 . CT scanning revealed in the midline of the posterior cranial fossa a low density mass which was enhanced in a ring-like fashion. Vertebral angiograms showed an avascular mass displacing the PICAs upwards and elongating its cranial loops antero-posteriorly. The mass was totally cystic, arose from the left 2nd cervical spinal nerve root, extended to the posterior cranial fossa and occupied the cisterna magna and vallecula. Foramen magnum syndrome was discussed and the symptoms and signs presented in these three cases were compared with those presented by foramen magnum @entity1653 in other reports.

title: [Three cases of cystic XXXX arising from the upper cervical nerve roots and extending into the posterior cranial fossa (author's transl)].

entities_list: @entity808 :: ('MESH:D009442', 'Disease') :: ['neurinoma']

entities_list: @entity1269 :: ('MESH:D010291', 'Disease') :: ['left hemiparesis']

entities_list: @entity1653 :: ('MESH:D008579', 'Disease') :: ['meningioma']

entities_list: @entity1829 :: ('MESH:D010211', 'Disease') :: ['bilateral papilledema']

entities_list: @entity2915 :: ('MESH:D006948', 'Disease') :: ['hyperactive']

entities_list: @entity76 :: ('MESH:D002526', 'Disease') :: ['left cerebellar hemisphere']

entities_list: @entity346 :: ('MESH:D009759', 'Disease') :: ['nystagmus']

entities_list: @entity4820 :: ('MESH:D006732', 'Disease') :: ["Horner's syndrome"]

entities_list: @entity427 :: ('MESH:D012021', 'Disease') :: ['bilateral hyperactive deep tendon reflexes, numbness of the left fingers and ataxic gait']

entities_list: @entity2055 :: ('MESH:D001259', 'Disease') :: ['ataxic gait', 'right limb ataxia', 'left positive Gordon reflex and trunkal ataxia']

answer: @entity808 :: (MESH:D009442,Disease) :: ['neurinoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of 16% @entity12946 gel (CP16%), tetrahydrate @entity14502 (SP) and mixture (CP16% + SP), in walking bleaching of non-vital discolored teeth. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty single-rooted @entity1 premolars with intact crowns were used and initial color was assessed using Vita shade guide and standardized photos. The teeth were stained using @entity95 fresh blood for 18 days and photos of discolored teeth and color evaluation were performed. The teeth were divided into 4 groups (n= 15), according to bleaching agent used: G1) CP16% gel; G2) CP16% gel + @entity12407 ) SP + distilled water; G4: control. The bleaching agents were replaced twice at 7-day intervals for 21 days. All teeth were evaluated by two endodontists at days 0, 7, 14 and 21 and the color changes were assessed using Vita shade guide and standardized photos. The results were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn's tests (p=0.05). RESULTS: The experimental groups presented statistically similar bleaching results (p>0.05) at the end of 7, 14 and 21 days. These groups presented significantly higher bleaching efficacy than control group (G4) (p<0.05). The mixture CP16% + SP promoted return of original color in 100% of teeth at the end of 21 days. CONCLUSION: It was concluded that three bleaching agents were effective in bleaching of stained teeth with blood products, especially at the end of 21 days.

title: Effectiveness of XXXX and @entity14502 in non-vital discolored teeth.

entities_list: @entity14502 :: ('MESH:C027707', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium perborate']

entities_list: @entity12946 :: ('MESH:C009096', 'Chemical') :: ['carbamide peroxide']

answer: @entity12946 :: (MESH:C009096,Chemical) :: ['carbamide peroxide']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the quality of life (QOL) and @entity146 symptoms in @entity302 @entity1 at the Jordan University Hospital (JUH), and to compare these findings with those from Middle Eastern and Western literature. METHODS: Fifty @entity302 @entity1 , aged 18 years, or older, attending the Neurology Clinic at Jordan University Hospital, Amman, Jordan over a 6-month-period from March to September 2009, were requested to complete a questionnaire on QOL in @entity302 , as well as a neuropsychiatric inventory, both translated into Arabic. RESULTS: The @entity1 ' mean age was 37.6 years, with 26 males, and 24 females. Only 2 @entity1 were divorced and 3 lost their job due to @entity302 . During the year prior to the study, 40% of @entity1 had less than one attack/month and 32% were @entity410 -free. Two-thirds of @entity1 had @entity410 . Most (84%) did not sustain injuries due to the @entity410 . Approximately 3/4 of @entity1 (73.4%) stated that their @entity410 were very well controlled with antiepileptic drugs, which did not lead to major side effects. Forty-two @entity1 (84%) did not have any restriction of daily activities due to @entity302 and substantial proportions (range 52-88%) did not perceive any impact of @entity302 on aspects of daily living. Feelings of stigma were noticed in only 7 @entity1 . Mild @entity308 was noted in 42% of @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Compared with others, this study shows a good QOL in @entity1 with @entity302 , less stigma, and little impact of @entity302 on daily living with, however, similar to other reports, a significant rate of @entity308 , which could have been alleviated by better family and social support.

title: Quality of life in XXXX at Jordan University Hospital.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'seizures', 'tonic-clonic seizures']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy']

answer: @entity302 :: (MESH:D004827,Disease) :: ['epilepsy']


abstract: Conditioned taste aversions induced by pairing the consumption of @entity8021 with an @entity4944 injection are attenuated in @entity35 with depletion of central @entity2661 caused by intraventricular administration of @entity2955 ( @entity2955 ). The hypothesis that @entity935 (DA) depletion is responsible for this effect was tested. The reduction in conditioning caused by intraventricular @entity2955 could not be duplicated either with injections of @entity2955 into the substantia nigra (Experiment 1) or with intraventricular @entity2955 injections in animals pretreated with @entity5829 (Experiment 2). Both treatments, however, produced large depletions of telencephalic DA. 6-Hydroxydopa infusions caused a preferential loss of telencephalic @entity1063 (NE) but also failed to alter taste aversion learning. It is concluded that the effect of intraventricular @entity2955 on @entity4944 -induced aversions was the result of depletion of both NE and DA. In a third experiment the generality of the effect was examined by pairing saccharin consumption with injections of the @entity4944 congener @entity4899 . Depletion of both NE and DA failed to alter @entity4899 -induced aversions. Infusion of @entity2955 into the substantia nigra, however, retarded the extinction of such an aversion. Evidence is discussed for a peripheral site of action for @entity4899 in the conditioned aversion paradigm.

title: Depletion of central @entity2661 alters @entity4944 - and @entity4899 -induced taste aversions in the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity4899 :: ('MESH:D005277', 'Chemical') :: ['fenfluramine']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['norepinephrine']

entities_list: @entity5829 :: ('MESH:D003891', 'Chemical') :: ['desmethylimipramine']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity8021 :: ('MESH:D012439', 'Chemical') :: ['saccharin']

entities_list: @entity4944 :: ('MESH:D000661', 'Chemical') :: ['amphetamine']

entities_list: @entity2661 :: ('MESH:D002395', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamines']

entities_list: @entity2955 :: ('MESH:D016627', 'Chemical') :: ['6-hydroxydopamine', '6-OHDA']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To use national laboratory surveillance data to determine whether pathogens responsible for @entity582 were sensitive to nationally recommended antibiotic regimens. DESIGN: All reports of @entity582 received by the Health Protection Agency's @entity2798 scheme in England and Wales from January 2006 until March 2008, were extracted from the database. Organisms were ranked by frequency, and proportions susceptible to antimicrobials recommended for empirical treatment of @entity295 were determined. RESULTS: There were 1516 reports of @entity582 for neonates <48 h old (early-onset) and 3482 reports for neonates 2-28 days old (late-onset). For early-onset @entity582 , @entity1892 ( @entity1892 ) was the most frequent pathogen (31%) followed by coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS; 22%), non-pyogenic streptococci (9%) and @entity526 (9%). For late-onset @entity582 , CoNS were isolated most frequently (45%), followed by @entity794 (13%), Enterobacteriaceae (9%), @entity526 (7%) and @entity1892 (7%). More than 94% of organisms (early-onset) were susceptible to regimens involving combinations of @entity114 with either @entity801 or @entity115 , @entity115 combined with @entity3524 or @entity3524 monotherapy. More than 95% of organisms (late-onset) were susceptible to @entity801 with either @entity9309 or @entity115 and @entity115 with @entity3524 , but only 79% were susceptible to @entity3524 monotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: Current guidelines for empirical therapy in neonates with @entity295 are appropriate. However, @entity801 -based regimens should be used in preference to @entity3524 -based treatments, because of lower levels of susceptibility to @entity3524 and the need to avoid exerting selective pressure for resistance. Surveillance data linked to clinical data should further inform rational antibiotic prescribing in neonatal units.

title: Empirical treatment of XXXX : are the current guidelines adequate?

entities_list: @entity801 :: ('MESH:D005839', 'Chemical') :: ['gentamicin']

entities_list: @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['sepsis', 'neonatal sepsis']

entities_list: @entity115 :: ('MESH:D000658', 'Chemical') :: ['amoxicillin']

entities_list: @entity114 :: ('MESH:D010406', 'Chemical') :: ['penicillin']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']

entities_list: @entity3524 :: ('MESH:D002439', 'Chemical') :: ['cefotaxime']

entities_list: @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ['GBS', 'group B streptococcus']

entities_list: @entity9309 :: ('MESH:D005436', 'Chemical') :: ['flucloxacillin']

entities_list: @entity582 :: ('MESH:C531821', 'Disease') :: ['neonatal bacteraemia', 'bacteraemia']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli', 'E coli']

entities_list: @entity2798 :: ('MESH:D009155', 'Disease') :: ['voluntary surveillance']

answer: @entity295 :: (MESH:D018805,Disease) :: ['neonatal sepsis']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: @entity3570 @entity1 are at a high risk of developing @entity2144 . Recently, we found a relationship between the IgE responsiveness to latex allergen hevein and human leucocyte antigen (HLA) alleles @entity6103 *04( @entity4107 ) as well as @entity3098 *0302(DQ8). This study was carried out to investigate the association between HLA class II alleles and the specific IgE response to latex allergen @entity4973 b 1 in @entity3570 @entity1 . METHODS: Blood samples from 103 unrelated German @entity3570 @entity1 exposed to latex products and from 90 unsensitized controls were examined. Genomic DNA isolation followed by HLA-D-specifc polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification was used to perform HLA typing of allelic polymorphisms in exon 2 of @entity3098 and of @entity6103 ,3,4,5 with sequence-specific oligonucleotide probes (SSOPs). RESULTS: Fifty-one out of 103 @entity3570 @entity1 were found to have anti-latex IgE antibodies; 40 had also anti-Hev b 1 antibodies. Further, we observed that 80% of the @entity4973 b 1 responders underwent five or more surgeries whereas 55% of the @entity4973 b 1 non-responders and 75% of the latex-non-responders underwent less than five surgical interventions. From the latex-sensitized group 33% showed an elevated phenotype frequency of @entity6103 *0701( @entity6103 ) when compared with unsensitized @entity1 (12%, P = 0.0095, Pc = NS) and with controls (17%; P = 0.035, Pc = ns). Fifteen out of 40 @entity4973 b 1 responders also exhibited an elevated @entity6103 frequency when compared with latex-sensitive but @entity4973 b 1-negative @entity1 (38% vs 18%, P = NS) or with unsensitized controls (38% vs 17%, P = 0.013, Pc = NS). CONCLUSIONS: Although we found that the @entity6103 *0701 ( @entity6103 ) phenotype frequency was elevated in SB @entity1 with latex- as well as with @entity4973 b 1-IgE responsiveness, the analyses of the other class II alleles clearly demonstrate that the HLA-D region does not play a major role in the pathogenetic way of sensitization to @entity4973 b 1.

title: Molecular analysis of DRB and @entity3098 alleles in German @entity3570 @entity1 with and without IgE responsiveness to the latex major allergen XXXX b 1.

entities_list: @entity3570 :: ('MESH:D016135', 'Disease') :: ['Spina bifida', 'spina bifida']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2144 :: ('MESH:D020315', 'Disease') :: ['latex allergy']

answer: @entity4973 :: (42005,Species) :: ['Hev']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Surgery promotes a state of @entity49 , predisposing to the possibility of postoperative @entity1031 . Our aim was to determine whether certain combinations of techniques (neuraxial, intravenous or both) for anesthesia and @entity1337 might be associated with attenuation of the prethrombotic state following total hip or knee replacement. METHODS: Prospective longitudinal study of 45 @entity1 undergoing elective hip or knee prosthetic surgery. The @entity1 were randomized to 3 groups to receive different anesthesia- @entity1337 combinations: spinal-intravenous, spinal-epidural, or general-intravenous. From induction until 36 hours after surgery, we recorded the postoperative time course of the following markers of coagulation and fibrinolysis: platelet count; @entity2002 level; activated partial thromboplastin time; international normalized ratio; and levels of prothrombin activation fragments 1 and 2, thrombin-antithrombin III complex, and D-dimer. RESULTS: No statistically significant between-group differences were found in @entity1 demographic, clinical, surgical or postoperative data. No symptomatic @entity1031 or @entity204 were recorded in the 30 days after surgery. Statistically significant differences were found in laboratory results for samples taken 36 hours after surgery. @entity1 who received spinal-epidural anesthesia and @entity1337 had lower levels of prothrombin activation fragments 1 and 2 and longer activated partial thromboplastin times than the group receiving the spinal-intravenous combination. CONCLUSIONS: The anesthetic technique used during surgery did not affect hemostasis. However, continuous epidural @entity1337 in the postoperative recovery period attenuated some markers of @entity49 .

title: [Comparison of hemostatic markers under different techniques for anesthesia- XXXX in total hip or knee replacement].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1337 :: ('MESH:D000699', 'Disease') :: ['analgesia']

entities_list: @entity49 :: ('MESH:D019851', 'Disease') :: ['hypercoagulability']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['thromboembolic complications']

answer: @entity1337 :: (MESH:D000699,Disease) :: ['analgesia']


abstract: The influence of statins on the results of intravenous thrombolysis for @entity385 is controversial. We studied the risks and benefits of statin pretreatment (SP) in @entity1 treated with intravenous alteplase ( @entity3479 ) at our institution, and included our data to a meta-analysis of previous related studies. We reviewed prospectively collected data from consecutive @entity1 with acute @entity385 treated with IV rt-PA at our institution over the past 9 years. We compared @entity932 ( @entity932 ), favourable short-term outcome (decrease of >= 4 points on the NIHSS score after 24 h from baseline assessment), favourable long-term outcome (mRS score  <=2 at 3 months) and mortality rates between statin-pretreated (SPP) and nonstatin-pretreated @entity1 (NSPP). We performed a systematic search through MEDLINE/PubMed and Embase datasets to identify similar English language studies. A total of 182 @entity1 were included (mean age 68.3    11.4 years, 54.3% @entity1 ). There were no significant differences between SPP and NSPP regarding @entity932 (3.3 vs. 1.7%, p = 0.47), favourable short-term outcome (44.8 vs 56%, p = 0.31) and favourable long-term outcome rates (40 vs 44.1%, p = 0.84). In a meta-analysis of 1,055 @entity1 , SP was neither related to long-term functional outcome nor mortality, but it was a risk factor for @entity932 (OR 1.99, 95% CI 1.03-3.84, p = 0.04). @entity1780 pretreatment may increase the risk of @entity932 in @entity1 receiving IV @entity3479 for @entity385 , though it does not influence the 3 months outcome. Prospective studies are needed to confirm this safety concern.

title: Statin pretreatment may increase the risk of @entity932 in thrombolysis for XXXX : results from a case-control study and a meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity932 :: ('MESH:D020300', 'Disease') :: ['symptomatic intracranial haemorrhage', 'SICH']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity385 :: (MESH:D002544,Disease) :: ['ischemic stroke']


abstract: Continuous spinal anesthesia has not yet found general acceptance, although it is a simple and efficient method. Its main advantage is allowing a reliable block to be built up step by step while carefully monitoring the cardiovascular changes. @entity10 can be avoided by restricting the use of elderly @entity1 . At our institution, continuous spinal anesthesia has been administered to geriatric high-risk @entity1 for more than 6 years. We report our experience from the year 1986. @entity1 AND METHODS. Over a 1-year period continuous spinal anesthesia was used for 157 @entity1 with a mean age of 80.4 years (Fig. 1). Of these @entity1 111 (70.7%) were classified as ASA 3-5 (Fig. 2). In 2 cases a @entity583 dated back only 4 and 11 days. The most common indications for surgery were @entity173 (97, 61.8%) and @entity432 (37, 23.6%). An 18G Tuohy needle was used for lumbar puncture. The catheter (Portex minipack) was advanced 3-6 cm into the subarachnoid space. Plain @entity1341 0.5% was injected in small increments until the desired block level was achieved. The catheters were removed immediately after surgery. RESULTS. In 155 of 157 cases surgery was completed under regional anesthesia. Two @entity1 had to be intubated intraoperatively (1 unexpected laparatomy during vascular surgery, 1 with insufficient block for lumbar sympathectomy). The main technical problem was impossibility to advance the catheter into the subarachnoid space despite free flow of CSF (5 cases). For these @entity1 single-shot spinal (4 cases) or epidural anesthesia (1 case) was used.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Continuous spinal anesthesia using XXXX . Report of experiences].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity173 :: ('MESH:D006620', 'Disease') :: ['hip fractures']

entities_list: @entity1341 :: ('MESH:D002045', 'Chemical') :: ['bupivacaine']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['vascular occlusions']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['Postspinal headache']

answer: @entity1341 :: (MESH:D002045,Chemical) :: ['bupivacaine']


abstract: Recent discussions and proposed rules and regulations regarding outpatient surgery facilities have raised the question of the appropriateness of general anesthesia versus heavy sedation. The controversy is based mostly on anecdotal information and the prejudice of the authors. A recent article that describes the improved platelet function induced by @entity3652 adds @entity1 safety to the rationale for sedation. Most of us have trained in university settings where an entire department was devoted to general anesthesia and little true outpatient surgery was performed. When ambulatory facilities were available, they were usually staffed by anesthesiologists. Indeed, the first free-standing outpatient surgery center in Phoenix, Arizona, was owned and operated by a local group of anesthesiologists. Properly administered, @entity3175 and @entity3652 dissociative sedation is safe and effective for every aesthetic procedure, regardless of size or duration, and it should be available for all aesthetic surgeons. In the author's experience, more than 30,000 procedures have been performed with this method since 1966 without a single case of @entity1150 or @entity358 . In contrast, a former associate, because of his lack of experience, chose to use general anesthesia for a few larger cases in another facility. One of those cases, an abdominoplasty, resulted in a serious case of @entity1150 with @entity717 and litigation. Therefore, the author is writing to share his extensive experience with his colleagues in hopes that these safe systems will become more widespread and to spare future @entity1 the attendant unnecessary increased morbidity and mortality associated with general anesthesia.

title: Dissociative anesthesia for safety's sake: @entity3652 and XXXX --a 35-year personal experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3175 :: ('MESH:D003975', 'Chemical') :: ['diazepam']

entities_list: @entity3652 :: ('MESH:D007649', 'Chemical') :: ['ketamine']

entities_list: @entity1150 :: ('MESH:D020246', 'Disease') :: ['deep vein thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary embolus']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['subsequent alleged disability']

answer: @entity3175 :: (MESH:D003975,Chemical) :: ['diazepam']


abstract: @entity397 following blunt torso @entity130 is an infrequent injury often posing a considerable diagnostic challenge. Between June 1984 and July 1986, nine @entity1 sustaining @entity397 due to blunt @entity130 were treated. All were injured in high-speed motor-vehicle accidents. Six @entity1 arrived in shock ( @entity13519 less than or equal to 95 mm Hg). All @entity1 had multiple associated @entity130 ; mean ISS = 41.5. Eight @entity1 (89%) had associated intra-abdominal @entity130 , the spleen being injured most frequently (63%). Associated @entity764 occurred in six @entity1 (67%). The admission CXR was abnormal in eight @entity1 (89%) but diagnostic of @entity397 in only four. DPL was positive in four of five @entity1 (80%) and falsely negative in one. @entity397 were left-sided, one right-sided and one involved the central tendon. All @entity130 were diagnosed shortly after admission and successfully repaired via a transabdominal approach. One @entity1 died as a result of a massive @entity3439 . Blunt @entity397 is an indication of a high-energy insult and is usually associated with other major organ system @entity130 . An aggressive approach to the management of the multiply injured @entity1 can result in early recognition and successful treatment of this injury.

title: Early diagnosis and treatment of blunt XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3439 :: ('MESH:D006408', 'Disease') :: ['subdural hematoma']

entities_list: @entity397 :: ('MESH:D012421', 'Disease') :: ['Diaphragmatic rupture', 'diaphragmatic rupture', 'rupture of the diaphragm', 'Seven ruptures']

entities_list: @entity764 :: ('MESH:D013898', 'Disease') :: ['thoracic injuries']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['injuries', 'trauma']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['diaphragmatic injury']


abstract: The association of high mobility group (HMG) proteins with @entity900 -damaged DNA has attracted considerable interest because of a possible relationship with drug-acquired resistance and the repair of DNA damage caused by this important chemotherapeutic agent. We have further characterized the binding of HMG proteins to @entity900 -damaged DNA using a modification of the damaged DNA affinity precipitation assay (DDAP) and proteins isolated from the nuclei of V79 cells. HMG proteins recognized @entity900 adducts only in double-stranded DNA sequences. Pre-treatment of cells with @entity900 (1 microM) prior to protein extraction decreased the apparent yield of HMG proteins. However, the pre-treatment of isolated protein did not prevent recognition of the DNA adducts. To investigate the possible role of HMG proteins in @entity137 and resistance, we have extended the DDAP method to study other @entity902 agents, some of which are active in @entity900 -resistant cells. A comparison of trans- and cis-[PtCl2(NH3)quinoline] is presented as an example. HMG proteins recognized DNA damage caused by the cis, but not the trans isomer. However, the trans isomer is known to be significantly more toxic and is highly active in @entity900 -resistant cells, suggesting a mechanism of action different from @entity900 . Therefore, the @entity137 of trans-[PtCl2(NH3)quinoline] appears to be unrelated to the recognition of damage by HMG proteins. The DDAP assay may provide an additional screen for new mechanisms of cytotoxic @entity902 agents.

title: Recognition of XXXX -induced DNA damage by nuclear proteins: screening for mechanisms.

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['platinum']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

answer: @entity902 :: (MESH:D010984,Chemical) :: ['platinum']


abstract: A ruptured @entity2849 is the most rapidly fatal complication encountered in @entity1 with chronic @entity788 , with a reported mortality rate of 12.5% in treated @entity1 to > 90% in those untreated. Although reportedly a rare complication of chronic @entity788 , a @entity2849 is encountered in 6-9.5% of @entity1 with chronic @entity788 and as many as 17% of all @entity1 operated on for chronic @entity788 . Timely diagnosis and treatment seems to result in markedly reduced mortality. Four @entity1 with @entity548 @entity2849 associated with chronic @entity788 and @entity9007 were encountered recently at Virginia Mason Medical Center. These @entity1 ' charts, as well as the English literature, were reviewed in detail. All of our cases occurred in alcoholic males. Pseudocysts with pancreatic ductal or @entity397 were seen in three cases. All had a history of crescendo-decrescendo @entity158 episodes and had evidence of @entity548 or were @entity548 at presentation. @entity2994 was identified in 50% of the cases. A @entity2849 was documented by angiography in all @entity1 . Embolization was successfully attempted without complication in two @entity1 . Three @entity1 were ultimately treated with a pylorus-sparing (2) or standard (1) pancreaticoduodenectomy. These three are alive and doing well at 16, 26, and 52 months from the time of their procedure. A fourth @entity1 was treated nonoperatively, because of severe @entity66 and aberrant anatomy, with successful embolization of the @entity2849 and biliary and pancreatic stenting. The @entity9007 resolved and he is asymptomatic 12 months after therapy. We advocate preoperative arteriography in all @entity1 with suspected or known arterial @entity2849 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Successful treatment of XXXX pseudoaneurysms of chronic pancreatitis.

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['comorbid disease']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity2994 :: ('MESH:D012170', 'Disease') :: ['Splenic vein occlusion']

entities_list: @entity397 :: ('MESH:D012421', 'Disease') :: ['pseudocyst rupture']

entities_list: @entity9007 :: ('MESH:D010192', 'Disease') :: ['pseudocysts', 'pseudocyst']

entities_list: @entity2849 :: ('MESH:D017541', 'Disease') :: ['pseudoaneurysm', 'pseudoaneurysms']

answer: @entity548 :: (MESH:D006470,Disease) :: ['bleeding']


abstract: The binding of @entity1 125I-labeled @entity9478 (high-density lipoproteins, rho 1.125-1.210 g/cm3) to a crude membrane fraction prepared from @entity291 liver closely fit the paradigm expected of a ligand binding to a single class of identical and independent sites, as demonstrated by computer-assisted binding analysis. The dissociation constant (Kd), at both 37 and 4 degrees C, was 2.9 micrograms protein/ml (approx. 2.9 X 10(-8) M); the capacity of the binding sites was 490 ng @entity9478 (approx. 4.9 pmol) per mg membrane protein at 37 degrees C and 115 at 4 degrees C. @entity1 low-density lipoproteins (LDL) and very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) also bound to these sites (Kd = 41 micrograms protein/ml, approx. 6.7 X 10(-8) M for LDL, and Kd = 5.7 micrograms protein/ml, approx. 7.0 X 10(-9) M for VLDL), but this observation must be considered in light of the fact that the normal circulating concentrations of these lipoproteins are much lower than those of HDL. The binding of 125I-labeled @entity9478 to these sites was inhibited only slightly by 1 M @entity1219 , suggesting the presence of primarily hydrophobic interactions at the recognition site. The binding was not dependent on divalent cations and was not displaceable by heparin; the binding sites were sensitive to both trypsin and pronase. Of exceptional note was the finding that various subclasses of @entity1 HDL (including subclasses of immunoaffinity-isolated HDL) displaced 125I-labeled @entity9478 from the hepatic HDL binding sites with different apparent affinities, indicating that these sites are capable of recognizing highly specific structural features of ligands. In particular, apolipoprotein A-I-containing lipoproteins with prebeta electrophoretic mobility bound to these sites with a strikingly lower affinity (Kd = 130 micrograms protein/ml) than did the other subclasses of HDL.

title: Discrimination between subclasses of XXXX high-density lipoproteins by the HDL binding sites of @entity291 liver.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Previous research had shown the suitability of several questionnaires predicting @entity27 . Measurement properties of an online screening questionnaire were studied. METHODS: The sample consisted of 184 Portuguese adults (89 @entity1 and 95 @entity1 ); 46 of them were polysomnographically diagnosed with the @entity27 . The @entity1 were assessed with an online questionnaire of @entity387 risk, from University of Maryland. RESULTS: A principal component factor analysis was performed, revealing a single factor (49.24% of the total variance). Internal consistency was minimally adequate (a=0.74). The mean of inter-item correlation was of 0.35 (0.12<r>0.61), whereas the item-total correlations were considered good (0.52<r>0.81). The total score for @entity1 was significantly higher than for healthy @entity1 (p<0.000), but no significant statistical differences between severity groups of @entity1 were found (p>0.05). Furthermore, the ability of the measure in discriminating between healthy subjects and OSA subjects was good. Overall data from the Rasch analysis was consistent with the guidelines of Linacre, scores show good model fit and psychometric adequacy. CONCLUSIONS: The measure showed an adequate structural, internal and criterion validity, suggesting this as a useful and effective screening for @entity387 risk in Portuguese adults.

title: Measurement properties of a screening questionnaire of XXXX risk: Little information, great prediction?(   ).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity27 :: ('MESH:D020181', 'Disease') :: ['the obstructive sleep apnea syndrome', 'untreated obstructive sleep apnea syndrome']

entities_list: @entity387 :: ('MESH:D012891', 'Disease') :: ['sleep apnea']

answer: @entity27 :: (MESH:D020181,Disease) :: ['obstructive sleep apnea']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In the last years high dose chemotherapy (HDC) schedules have been developed with autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT) which are very effective in @entity0 . Expectation has been raised concerning the cure of a subgroup of @entity1 with metastatic @entity0 and the improvement of prognosis in high risk stages II and III. METHODS: CTCb ( @entity786 6 g/m2, thiotepa 500 mg/m2 and @entity3003 800 mg/m2) was administered with autologous peripheral hematopoietic progenitor cells transplantation (TACPHP) and @entity1261 ( @entity1261 ) 5 micrograms/kg/day to 27 @entity1 with @entity0 : 9 in stage IV in complete remission, 12 in stage II with > or = 10 affected lymph nodes and 6 in stage III. RESULTS: No toxic deaths were reported. The median time to achieve > or = 0.5 x 10(9) neutrophils/l was 8 days, to > or = 20 x 10(9) platelets/l 9 days and to > or = 50 x 10(9) platelets/l 12 days. Fever was observed in 85% of the @entity1 although its median duration was of only one day. Extrahematologic @entity137 was moderate with grade III @entity390 / @entity391 in 48% of @entity1 , grade III @entity33 in 22%, @entity99 in 19%, and grade III @entity294 in 4%. No grade IV @entity137 was observed. The median follow-up is still short (10 months, range: 2-25). All the @entity1 maintain normal hematologic peripheral blood counts and only 4 (in stage IV) have relapsed. CONCLUSIONS: The slight extrahematologic @entity137 observed in the high dose chemotherapy with @entity786 , @entity11678 and @entity3003 , and the rapid hematologic recovery provided by the TACPHP and @entity1261 allow the above schedule to be administered with moderate @entity137 and no mortality. This low toxic profile leads to the possibility of future trials with this chemotherapy schedule in other subgroups of @entity1 with @entity0 .

title: [High-dosage chemotherapy and the autologous transplantation of peripheral hematopoietic progenitor cells in @entity0 : the initial results, analysis of XXXX and the necessary support means].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1261 :: ('1440', 'Gene') :: ['G-CSF', 'granulocytic colony stimulating factor']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['carboplatin']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['mucositis']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['grade III hepatitis']

answer: @entity137 :: (MESH:D064420,Disease) :: ['toxicity']


abstract: A series of 225 consecutive @entity2 @entity1 were prospectively randomized into study group (75 @entity1 ) and control group (150 @entity1 ), and the conformity of CTNM and PTNM staging was was evaluated. Radical mediastinal lymph node dissection was performed and in average 11.5 nodes were dissected in the study group. Only suspected metastatic lymph nodes, 3.4 in average, were dissected in the control group. CTNM classification was made according to clinical examination, chest image examination and bronchoscopy in every @entity1 and PTNM staging was made after thoracotomy. Then the conformity of CTNM and PTNM staging was examined by Kappa value. The results showed that the Kappa value in the two groups was lower than the effective standard value of 0.4. The study group (Kappa = 0.097) was poorer than the control group (Kappa = 0.371). The principal influencing cause was that N was not well evaluated by CTNM. The principal manifestation of the staging inconsistency was that the stage of PTNM was advanced than that of CTNM. In the study group 43% of @entity1 showed an increased stage and this occurred in 33% of the control group (P < 0.05). The results of the study show that at present the CTNM staging has not fully satisfied the needs of practice and requires to be further improved. The operative procedure which only dissects suspected involved mediastinal lymph nodes can not meet the needs of PTNM staging. In order to make PTNM staging accurately and evaluate the results of treatment for @entity2 , radical mediastinal lymph node dissection should be performed in every operable @entity1 .

title: [Evaluation of staging conformity CTNM and PTNM for XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['lung cancer']