abstract: Background/Aims: @entity1318 is known to result from degeneration of inhibitory neurons, which are mostly nitrinergic. Characteristic features of @entity1318 include incomplete lower esophageal sphincter (LES) relaxation and @entity2910 . @entity842 (NO), produced by @entity2821 ( @entity2821 ), plays an important role in peristalsis and LES relaxation. Therefore, we evaluated genetic polymorphisms of @entity2821 gene isoforms (endothelial @entity2821 [eNOS], inducible @entity2821 [iNOS], and @entity2821 [ @entity2821 ]) in @entity1 with @entity1318 and @entity392 ( @entity392 ). Methods: Consecutive @entity1 with @entity1318 (diagnosed using esophageal manometry) and @entity392 were genotyped for 27-base pair (bp) eNOS variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR), iNOS22G/A ( @entity65272 ), @entity2821 @entity6344 ( @entity65273 ) polymorphisms by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), respectively. Results: Among 183 @entity1 (118 [64.5%] male, age 39.5    13.0 years) with @entity1318 and 366 @entity392 (254 [69.4%] male, age 40.8    11.0 years), eNOS4a4a genotype of 27-bp VNTR was more common among @entity1318 than @entity392 (20 [10.9%] vs 13 [3.6%]; P < 0.001; OR, 3.72; 95% CI, 1.8-7.7). @entity1 with @entity1318 had iNOS22GA genotypes more often than @entity392 (95 [51.9%] vs 93 [25.4%]; P < 0.001; OR, 3.0; 95% CI, 2.1-4.4). Frequency of genotypes GA + AA was higher in @entity1 than @entity392 (97 [53%] vs 107 [29.2%]; P < 0.001; OR, 2.7; 95% CI, 1.8-3.9). Also, nNOS29TT variant genotype in @entity65273 was commoner among @entity1 compared to @entity392 (14 [7.7%] vs 6 [1.6%]; P < 0.001; OR, 5.91; 95% CI, 2.2-15.8). Conclusions: @entity1318 is associated with eNOS4a4a, iNOS22GA, and nNOS29TT genotypes. This may suggest that polymorphisms of eNOS, iNOS, and @entity2821 genes are risk factors for @entity1318 .

title: XXXX Is Associated With eNOS4a4a, iNOS22GA, and nNOS29TT Genotypes: A Case-control Study.

entities_list: @entity1318 :: ('MESH:D004931', 'Disease') :: ['achalasia', 'Achalasia']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity6344 :: ('c|SUB|C||T', 'DNAMutation') :: ['C/T']

entities_list: @entity2910 :: ('MESH:D004941', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal aperistalsis']

entities_list: @entity2821 :: ('4842', 'Gene') :: ['nNOS', 'NO synthase', 'NOS', 'neuronal NOS']

entities_list: @entity392 :: ('MESH:D014012', 'Disease') :: ['HS', 'healthy subjects']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['Nitric oxide']

answer: @entity1318 :: (MESH:D004931,Disease) :: ['Achalasia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Pharmacological treatments are the principal intervention for @entity162 . Alone, however, they are not sufficient to control symptoms and maintain psychosocial functioning. Adjunctive psychosocial interventions may help to improve the @entity1 's condition and the course of the illness. Family interventions are deserving of special attention, since they may help to relieve the burden of care borne by relatives and caregivers, which in turn may facilitate the task of supporting the @entity1 . OBJECTIVES: The objective of this review was to investigate the effectiveness of family interventions in the treatment of @entity162 compared with no intervention and other forms of intervention. SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched the electronic databases CCDANRCT-Studies and CCDANCTR-References on 1/8/2007, CENTRAL (2006-3), MEDLINE (2006), EMBASE (2006) and LILACS (2006), and searched the reference lists of included studies. We also made personal contact with authors. SELECTION CRITERIA: We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-randomised trials. @entity1 were @entity1 with @entity162 and their relatives or caregivers; family psychosocial interventions of any type were considered; primary outcomes were changes in the status of symptoms and relapse rates. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Data were independently extracted by two review authors. Quality assessment of included studies was carried out. The findings were presented descriptively. Where there were sufficient studies, dichotomous data were combined using relative risk, and continuous data were combined using weighted mean difference, with their 95% CIs. MAIN RESULTS: Seven RCTs were included in the review, involving a total of 393 @entity1 . All of the included studies assessed psychoeducational methods, and one study also assessed a type of systems psychotherapy. In all trials, @entity1 continued to receive pharmacotherapy treatment. Due to the diversity of interventions, outcome measures and endpoints used across studies, it was not possible to perform meta-analyses for primary outcomes. Five studies compared a variety of family interventions, involving carers, families or spouses, against no intervention, with individual findings indicating no significant added effect for family interventions. Three studies compared one type or modality of family intervention against another family intervention, with inconsistent findings. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: To date there is only a small and heterogeneous body of evidence on the effectiveness of family oriented approaches for @entity162 , and it is not yet possible to draw any definite conclusions to support their use as an adjunctive treatment for @entity162 . Further well designed RCTs should be a research priority.

title: Family interventions for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patient', 'Participants', 'people']

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['bipolar disorder']

answer: @entity162 :: (MESH:D001714,Disease) :: ['bipolar disorder']


abstract: @entity2142 , which occurs in many disease states, can trigger a diverse pathophysiologic cascade that is related to the specific biochemical activities of free Hb and its @entity7170 component @entity1446 . Normal erythropoiesis and concomitant removal of senescent red blood cells (RBC) from the circulation occurs at rates of approximately 2 * 10(6) RBCs/second. Within this physiologic range of RBC turnover, a small fraction of hemoglobin (Hb) is released into plasma as free extracellular Hb. In @entity1 , there is an efficient multicomponent system of Hb sequestration, oxidative neutralization and clearance. @entity2104 (Hp) is the primary Hb-binding protein in @entity1 plasma, which attenuates the adverse biochemical and physiologic effects of extracellular Hb. The cellular receptor target of Hp is the monocyte/macrophage scavenger receptor, @entity11772 . Following @entity4051 binding to @entity11772 , cellular internalization of the complex leads to globin and @entity1446 metabolism, which is followed by adaptive changes in antioxidant and @entity68 metabolism pathways and macrophage phenotype polarization. When Hb is released from RBCs within the physiologic range of Hp, the potential deleterious effects of Hb are prevented. However, during @entity2142 or with chronic @entity2142 , Hp is depleted and Hb readily distributes to tissues where it might be exposed to oxidative conditions. In such conditions, @entity1446 can be released from ferric Hb. The free @entity1446 can then accelerate tissue damage by promoting peroxidative reactions and activation of inflammatory cascades. @entity21254 ( @entity21254 ) is another plasma glycoprotein able to bind @entity1446 with high affinity. @entity21254 sequesters @entity1446 in an inert, non-toxic form and transports it to the liver for catabolism and excretion. In the present review we discuss the components of physiologic Hb/ @entity1446 detoxification and their potential therapeutic application in a wide range of hemolytic conditions.

title: @entity2104 , XXXX , and related defense pathways-basic science, clinical perspectives, and drug development.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human']

entities_list: @entity7170 :: ('CHEBI:8337', 'Chemical') :: ['porphyrin']

entities_list: @entity2142 :: ('MESH:D006461', 'Disease') :: ['hemolysis', 'Hemolysis', 'hyper-hemolytic conditions']

answer: @entity21254 :: (3263,Gene) :: ['hemopexin']


abstract: A case of intrasacular @entity715 during the coil embolization procedure for a @entity1756 is presented. A 50-year-old @entity1 suffered sudden onset of @entity10 and unconsciousness. Computed tomography demonstrated diffuse @entity510 and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) disclosed a basilar-right superior @entity438 . The @entity439 was treated by endovascular coil embolization with Guglielmi detachable coil (GDC; Boston Scientific Corp., Natick, MA, USA). The diameter of the @entity439 sac was 3.7 mm X 2.7 mm at first, but during the coil delivery the @entity439 size was diminished by @entity715 in the sac. GDC-10 2 mm X 2 cm was able to be placed in the @entity439 successfully after additonal administration of heparin, and postembolization angiography revealed obliteration of the @entity439 . Fortunately, there was no ischemic complication and the @entity1 was discharged without any @entity51 . MRA study 7 months after treatment revealed no recurrence of the aneursym, but long-term follow-up will be needed because of the low packing density in the @entity439 . @entity1031 is one of the main complications of @entity439 coil placement for ruptured both @entity438 , and unruptured @entity438 . The administration of anticoagulant and antiplatelet agents is necessary during coil embolization for @entity1756 .

title: [A case of intrasacular @entity715 during the coil embolization procedure for a XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['subarachnoid hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['cerebellar artery aneurysm', 'cerebral aneurysms']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deficits']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['Thromboembolic complication']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity1756 :: ('MESH:D017542', 'Disease') :: ['ruptured cerebral aneurysms', 'ruptured cerebral aneurysm']

answer: @entity1756 :: (MESH:D017542,Disease) :: ['ruptured cerebral aneurysm']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe a @entity1 with @entity21204 who presented with acute abdominal findings and to describe the evaluation and treatment of this syndrome. DESIGN: Case report. SETTING: A 38-bed, pediatric intensive care unit at a tertiary care @entity1 's hospital. @entity1 : One @entity1 presenting with signs of @entity490 . INTERVENTIONS: Intravenous hydration, inotropic support, thoracostomy tube drainage of a @entity1143 , and prolonged antimicrobial therapy. MEASUREMENT AND MAIN RESULTS: The @entity1 presented with severe @entity295 and @entity490 . After Fusobacterium necrophorum grew in blood cultures, anaerobic antimicrobial therapy was initiated. Doppler duplex ultrasonography and magnetic resonance venography demonstrated @entity715 formation in the left internal jugular vein. Computed tomography of the chest demonstrated bibasilar lung nodules consistent with @entity999 . The @entity1 was treated with @entity869 - @entity5899 and @entity868 intravenously for 3 wks, followed by a 3-wk course of oral @entity115 / @entity798 . He had a good recovery, and his @entity715 had resolved at the time of discharge. CONCLUSION: @entity21204 occurs in young, otherwise healthy @entity1 , and it thus needs to remain high on the differential diagnosis for this group of @entity1 presenting with severe @entity295 . The diagnosis can be confounded by a lack of symptoms of @entity7551 at the time of presentation and end-organ dysfunction associated with severe @entity295 , suggesting alternative sources of @entity281 .

title: @entity21204 : an unusual cause of XXXX and @entity490 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENT']

entities_list: @entity1143 :: ('MESH:D010996', 'Disease') :: ['pleural effusion']

entities_list: @entity868 :: ('MESH:D008795', 'Chemical') :: ['metronidazole']

entities_list: @entity115 :: ('MESH:D000658', 'Chemical') :: ['amoxicillin']

entities_list: @entity7551 :: ('MESH:D010612', 'Disease') :: ['pharyngitis']

entities_list: @entity999 :: ('MESH:D020766', 'Disease') :: ['septic emboli']

entities_list: @entity798 :: ('MESH:D019818', 'Chemical') :: ['clavulanate']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity21204 :: ('MESH:D057831', 'Disease') :: ["Lemierre's syndrome"]

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain', 'severe sepsis and acute abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity869 :: ('MESH:D000667', 'Chemical') :: ['ampicillin']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombus']

entities_list: @entity5899 :: ('MESH:D013407', 'Chemical') :: ['sulbactam']

answer: @entity295 :: (MESH:D018805,Disease) :: ['sepsis']


abstract: @entity10632 ( @entity10632 ) is a systemic inflammatory autoimmune of unknown aetiology affecting exocrine glands, particularly the lacrimal and salivary glands. Growing evidence that B-cell depletion therapies are remarkably efficacious in the disorder indicate a major role for B-cell in the immunopathogenesis of @entity10632 . B cell-targeted therapies have raised new therapy promise for they interact with B-cell homeostasis. Anti- @entity2225 therapy is the unique effective non-symptomatic therapy used in @entity10632 . Growing data suggest Rituximab a promising candidate for @entity10632 therapy. We performed a search for publications on Rituximab in the treatment of @entity10632 to explicate pathogenetic function of B cells and assesse the efficacy in glandular symptoms, systemic manifestations and laboratory parameters in @entity10632 @entity1 . However, the efficiency on glandular manifestations is rather disappointing and controversial. Whether @entity10632 @entity1 with a reasonable residual salivary flow and/or with shorter disease duration will benefit most from Rituximab treatment still remains unclear. Fatigue is the symptom that responds best to Rituximab therapy compared with other systematical involvements. The efficiency in laboratory parameters is unsatisfactory.

title: Anti- XXXX antibody in primary Sj  gren's syndrome management.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity10632 :: ('MESH:D012859', 'Disease') :: ['pSS', "Primary Sjogren's Syndrome"]

answer: @entity2225 :: (54474,Gene) :: ['CD20']


abstract: The optimal dark adaptation time of electroretinograms ( @entity32552 's) performed on conscious @entity235 were determined using a commercially available @entity32552 unit with a contact lens electrode and a built-in light source (LED-electrode). The @entity32552 recordings were performed on nine healthy Miniature Schnauzer @entity235 . The bilateral @entity32552 's at seven different dark adaptation times at an intensity of 2.5 cd.s/m(2) was performed. Signal averaging (4 flashes of light stimuli) was adopted to reduce electrophysiologic noise. As the dark adaptation time increased, a significant increase in the mean a-wave amplitudes was observed in comparison to base-line levels up to 10 min (p < 0.05). Thereafter, no significant differences in amplitude occurred over the dark adaptation time. Moreover, at this time the mean amplitude was 60.30 +/- 18.47 microV. However, no significant changes were observed for the implicit times of the a-wave. The implicit times and amplitude of the b-wave increased significantly up to 20 min of dark adaptation (p < 0.05). Beyond this time, the mean b-wave amplitudes was 132.92 +/- 17.79 microV. The results of the present study demonstrate that, the optimal dark adaptation time when performing @entity32552 's, should be at least 20 min in conscious Miniature Schnauzer @entity235 .

title: The determination of dark adaptation time using electroretinography in conscious miniature Schnauzer XXXX .

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['dogs']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical outcomes of pedal artery angioplasty (PAA) for  @entity1  with @entity63 . BACKGROUND: Pedal @entity455 is considered a predictor of @entity130 ( @entity130 ) after endovascular therapy. Adjunctive PAA might improve the speed and extent of wound @entity446 . METHODS: Consecutive @entity1 with @entity63 (n  = 257) presenting with de novo infrapopliteal and pedal @entity455 were retrospectively reviewed from a multicenter registry. @entity1 were divided into 2 groups according to whether PAA was performed (n  = 140) or not (n  = 117). The rate of wound @entity446 and time to wound @entity446 were compared between these groups. @entity130 score was calculated using the number of independent predictors of @entity130 . @entity1 were stratified into 3 groups according to @entity130 score: low risk ( @entity130 score  = 0), moderate risk ( @entity130  score  = 1 or 2), and high risk ( @entity130 score  = 3). Estimated efficacy was analyzed for each risk-stratified population. RESULTS: The rate of wound @entity446 was significantly higher (57.5% vs. 37.3%, p  = 0.003) and time to wound @entity446 significantly shorter (211 days vs. 365 days; p  = 0.008) in the PAA group. In a multivariate analysis, nonambulatory status, target wound depth (UT grade  >= 2), and daily hemodialysis were revealed as predictors of @entity130 . In the moderate-risk population, adjunctive PAA significantly improved the rate of wound @entity446 (59.3% vs. 33.9%; p  =  0.001). In the high-risk population, however, PAA did not affect wound @entity446 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 who underwent PAA showed a higher rate of wound @entity446 and shorter time to wound @entity446 , especially in the moderate-risk population. With regard to wound @entity446 , this aggressive strategy might become a salvage procedure for @entity1 with @entity63 presenting with pedal @entity455 .

title: Clinical Outcomes of Pedal Artery Angioplasty  for  XXXX With Ischemic Wounds: Results From the Multicenter RENDEZVOUS Registry.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['artery disease']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['critical limb ischemia']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['DH', 'delayed wound healing']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: KEY MESSAGE: We provide multiple evidences that CaGLK2 underlies a quantitative trait locus controlling natural variation in @entity38 content and immature fruit color of pepper via modulating chloroplast compartment size. Pepper fruit quality is attributed to a variety of traits, affecting visual appearance, flavor, chemical composition and nutritional value. Among the quality traits, fruit color is of primary importance because the pigments that confer color are associated with nutrition, health and flavor. Although gene models have been proposed for qualitative aspects of fruit color, large natural variation in quantitative pigment content and fruit color exists in pepper. However, its genetic basis is largely unknown which hampers its utilization for plant improvement. We studied the role of @entity64209 , a GOLDEN2-like transcription factor that regulates chloroplast development in controlling natural variation for @entity38 content and immature fruit color of pepper. The role of @entity64209 in regulating fruit development has been studied previously in @entity523 using ectopic expression and the uniform ripening mutant analyses. However, pepper provides a unique opportunity to further study the function of this gene because of the wide natural variation of fruit colors in this species. Segregation, sequencing and expression analyses indicated that pepper @entity64209 (CaGLK2) corresponds to the recently reported pc10 QTL that controls chloroplast development and @entity38 content in pepper. CaGLK2 exerts its effect on chloroplast compartment size predominantly during immature fruit development. We show that the genetic background, sequence variation and expression pattern confer a complex and multi-level regulation of CaGLK2 and fruit color in Capsicum. The positive effect on fruit quality predominantly at the green stage conferred by CaGLK2 can be utilized to breed green pepper varieties with improved nutritional values and taste.

title: CaGLK2 regulates natural variation of XXXX content and fruit color in pepper fruit.

entities_list: @entity38 :: ('MESH:D002734', 'Chemical') :: ['chlorophyll']

answer: @entity38 :: (MESH:D002734,Chemical) :: ['chlorophyll']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Normal epicardial coronary arteries ( @entity23314 ) based on angiography have been reported to occur more frequently in Blacks than in Whites, but these studies have suffered from the limitation of being retrospective, reporting on relatively small numbers of subjects, or lacking a systematic angiogram interpretation. METHODS AND RESULTS: Angiograms of 560 consecutive @entity1 (226 Black and 334 White) enrolled in the Harlem-Bassett Study were reviewed. The presence of @entity453 risk factors was documented. A coronary artery was defined as normal if no segment contained a luminal diameter stenosis > 24%. Overall, @entity23314 were found in 39.1% of @entity1 (Blacks 42.9% and Whites 36.5%) and were present most frequently in White @entity1 (53.7%). Black @entity1 were two times more likely than White @entity1 to have @entity23314 (odds ratio [OR] 2.09, P < .002). More Blacks than Whites with @entity23314 were @entity101 (OR 3.30, P < .001) and cigarette smokers (OR 5.18, P < .001), whereas more Whites had @entity1007 (OR .29, P < .001). CONCLUSION: Significant racial differences exist between the Black and White populations in regard to the presence of @entity23314 . The traditional risk factors of age, @entity6 , cigarette smoking, and @entity1007 are present in both groups. However, a racial disparity exists in the frequency of some risk factors ( @entity101 , cigarette smoking, @entity1007 ) in @entity1 with @entity23314 .

title: Disparity in frequency of normal coronary artery in black and white XXXX undergoing cardiac catheterization.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1007 :: ('MESH:D006937', 'Disease') :: ['hypercholesterolemia']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: @entity33159 is the association of @entity4 , i.e. fetal, placental and maternal @entity4 , with @entity1468 . We here report the first case of @entity33159 resulting from hydropic acardius in triplet pregnancy. METHODS/RESULTS: A 26-year-old nulliparous @entity1 spontaneously conceived two living fetuses and one acardius, and suffered preterm @entity397 of the membranes at 23 2/7 weeks of gestation. We observed @entity4 , hydropic acardius, placental @entity4 , and maternal @entity4 , together with maternal high blood pressure, @entity644 and low hematocrit, and therefore suspected the presence of @entity33159 . Due to the prematurity of the fetuses, we closely observed her, awaiting fetal maturity. Three days later (23 5/7 weeks), @entity602 occurred, leading to emergent cesarean section. Female @entity1 , weighing 492 and 554 g, respectively, were born alive; the former died on the 13th postnatal day and the latter was healthy with no sequelae. An acardius weighing 860 g had vascular communication with the 492-gram fetus. Histological examination confirmed a monochorionic, triamniotic single placenta. The mother suffered from @entity3126 and was treated in the intensive care unit under respiratory support, but soon improved. CONCLUSIONS: When dealing with multifetal pregnancy, especially when complicated by an acardius, obstetricians must have the highest level of concern for the occurrence of @entity33159 , a life-threatening condition both to the mother and the fetus.

title: XXXX associated with hydropic acardius in triplet pregnancy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity3126 :: ('MESH:D011654', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary edema']

entities_list: @entity33159 :: ('OMIM:157600', 'Disease') :: ['mirror syndrome', 'Mirror syndrome']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['edema', 'triple edema']

entities_list: @entity602 :: ('MESH:D013118', 'Disease') :: ['cord prolapse']

entities_list: @entity1468 :: ('MESH:D011225', 'Disease') :: ['maternal preeclampsia']

answer: @entity33159 :: (OMIM:157600,Disease) :: ['Mirror syndrome']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Currently, no satisfactory biomarkers are available to screen for @entity2 . @entity66 ( @entity66 ) is one of the currently used techniques to identify biomarkers for @entity5 . The aim of this study is to explore the application of serum SELDI proteomic patterns to distinguish @entity2 @entity1 from healthy individuals. METHODS: A total of 208 serum samples, including 158 @entity2 @entity1 and 50 healthy individuals, were randomly divided into a training set (including 11 sera from @entity1 with @entity5 , 63 from @entity1 with @entity5 and 20 from healthy controls) and a blinded test set (including 43 sera from @entity1 with @entity5 , 41 from @entity1 with @entity5 and 30 from healthy controls). All samples were analyzed by SELDI technology. The spectra were generated on weak cation exchange (WCX2) chips, and protein peaks clustering and classification analyses were made using Ciphergen Biomarker Wizard and Biomarker Pattern software, respectively. We additionally determined Cyfra21-1 and @entity3508 in the 208 serum samples included in this study using an electrochemiluminescent immunoassay. RESULTS: Five protein peaks at 11493, 6429, 8245, 5335 and 2538 Da were automatically chosen as a biomarker pattern in the training set. When the SELDI marker pattern was tested with the blinded test set, it yielded a sensitivity of 86.9%, a specificity of 80.0% and a positive predictive value of 92.4%. The sensitivities provided by Cyfra21-1 and @entity3508 used individually or in combination were significantly lower than that of the SELDI marker pattern (P < 0.005 or 0.05, respectively). Based on the results of the test set, we found that the SELDI marker pattern showed a sensitivity of 91.4% in the detection of @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ), which was significantly higher than that in the detection of @entity151 (P < 0.05); The pattern also had a sensitivity of 79.1% in the @entity2 in stages I/II. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that serum SELDI protein profiling can distinguish @entity2 @entity1 , especially @entity1149 @entity1 , from normal subjects with relatively high sensitivity and specificity, and the @entity66 is a potential tool for the screening of @entity2 .

title: Application of serum SELDI proteomic patterns in diagnosis of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['Surface-Enhanced Laser Desorption/ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry ProteinChip system', 'SELDI-TOF-MS']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['stages I/II lung cancer', 'cancers', 'stages III/IV lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['detection of lung cancers', 'lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancers']

entities_list: @entity151 :: ('MESH:D055752', 'Disease') :: ['small cell lung cancers']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['lung cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1138 ( @entity1139 ) is an antineoplastic agent used for the treatment of several @entity1 @entity5 . Nevertheless, the prolonged use of the drug may result in a serious heart and @entity8 . Recombinant @entity1 @entity1307 (rhEPO) has recently been shown to exert an important cytoprotective effect in experimental @entity1545 and ischemic @entity810 . The aim of the present work is to investigate the cardioprotective and renoprotective effects of rhEPO against @entity1139 -induced oxidative damage and genotoxicity. Our results showed that @entity1139 induced oxidative stress and DNA damage. rhEPO administration in any treatment conditions decreased oxidative damage induced by @entity1139 . It reduced @entity1234 and protein @entity6738 levels. rhEPO ameliorated reduced @entity2041 plus @entity9492 modulation and the increased catalase activity after @entity1139 treatment. Furthermore, rhEPO restored DNA damage caused by @entity1139 . We concluded that rhEPO administration especially in pretreatment condition protected @entity35 against @entity1139 -induced heart and renal oxidative stress and genotoxicity.

title: Effect of recombinant @entity1 @entity1307 on XXXX -induced oxidative stress and genotoxicity in @entity35 kidney and heart tissues.

entities_list: @entity1545 :: ('MESH:D020214', 'Disease') :: ['brain injury']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['kidney injuries']

entities_list: @entity9492 :: ('MESH:D019803', 'Chemical') :: ['oxidized glutathione']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancies']

entities_list: @entity1138 :: ('MESH:D016685', 'Chemical') :: ['Mitomycin C']

entities_list: @entity2041 :: ('MESH:D005978', 'Chemical') :: ['glutathione']

entities_list: @entity1307 :: ('2056', 'Gene') :: ['erythropoietin']

entities_list: @entity1234 :: ('MESH:D008315', 'Chemical') :: ['malondialdehyde']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['acute renal failure']

entities_list: @entity6738 :: ('CHEBI:23019', 'Chemical') :: ['carbonyl']

answer: @entity1138 :: (MESH:D016685,Chemical) :: ['mitomycin C']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The purpose of this work was to determine the effectiveness and possible complications encountered with bilateral fascia lata lid suspension used to correct @entity1736 in @entity1 with @entity12295 . METHODS: This was a retrospective study of seven @entity1 with @entity12295 who had a minimum of 1 year of follow-up. A bilateral fascia lata sling was used to correct the @entity1736 . Preoperative and postoperative measurements of the vertical lid fissure width (VFW) and @entity3067 ( @entity3067 ) were performed. The Student's t-test was used to analyze the results. RESULTS: The mean preoperative VFW and @entity3067 measurements were 4  2.45 mm and 0.14  0.92 mm, respectively. The mean postoperative VFW and @entity3067 measurements were 7.71  1.85 mm, and 2.86  1.69 mm, respectively. All preoperative and postoperative values were considered to be statistically significant (P<0.01). Adequate elevation of the lids was obtained in all @entity1 , both functionally and aesthetically. All of the @entity1 showed a mild symmetric postoperative inferior version lagophthalmos, and one @entity1 developed @entity3283 and scarring due to corneal exposure and a weak Bell's phenomenon. CONCLUSION: The surgical technique described to correct the @entity1736 found in @entity1 with @entity12295 was found to be efficient and relatively safe. The correction should be conservative to decrease the risk of postoperative corneal damage that occurred in one @entity1 .

title: Bilateral lid/brow elevation procedure for severe @entity1736 in @entity12295 , a XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity12295 :: ('MESH:D007625', 'Disease') :: ['Kearns-Sayre syndrome']

entities_list: @entity3283 :: ('MESH:D003320', 'Disease') :: ['corneal ulceration']

entities_list: @entity3067 :: ('MESH:C531609', 'Disease') :: ['marginal reflex distance', 'MRD']

entities_list: @entity1736 :: ('MESH:D001763', 'Disease') :: ['ptosis', 'blepharoptosis']

answer: @entity12295 :: (MESH:D007625,Disease) :: ['mitochondrial cytopathy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The presence of leukocyte esterase in the synovial fluid has recently been proposed as a marker for @entity281 . However, the sensitivity and specificity of leukocyte esterase has not been determined when matched for the current, most inclusive @entity85 Society (MSIS) criteria for @entity281 . METHODS: The presence of leukocyte esterase was prospectively evaluated in synovial joint aspirates from hips and knees from May 2009 to May 2013. The cohort consisted of 189 hip and knee @entity1173 (fifty-two positive and 137 negative for @entity281 ). If the aspirate was bloody, a centrifuge was used to precipitate red blood cells and obtain clear synovial fluid. A standard chemical test strip (graded as negative, trace, +, or ++) was used to detect the presence of leukocyte esterase. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the leukocyte esterase strip test were calculated using ++ and ++/+ as two positive strip result scenarios. RESULTS: Synovial fluid was obtained from 221 joints that underwent revision total hip or total knee arthroplasty for either @entity177 . Due to the lack of adequate criteria for MSIS criteria classification, thirty-two joints were excluded. The leukocyte esterase test with a threshold of +/++ had a sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of 79.2% (95% confidence interval [CI], 65.9% to 89.2%), 80.8% (95% CI, 73.3% to 87.1%), 61.8% (95% CI, 49.2% to 73.3%), and 90.1% (95% CI, 84.3% to 95.4%), respectively. Using the ++ as a positive leukocyte esterase result, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 66.0% (95% CI, 51.7% to 78.5%), 97.1% (95% CI, 92.6% to 99.2%), 89.7% (95% CI, 75.8% to 97.1%), and 88.0% (95% CI, 81.7% to 92.7%), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: When matched to the current MSIS criteria, the leukocyte esterase strip test yielded a high specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and moderate sensitivity. These results demonstrate that leukocyte esterase is an accurate, effective marker of @entity281 as defined by the MSIS criteria. The leukocyte esterase strip test is a valuable tool that can be used in conjunction with the current battery of diagnostic tests available. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Diagnostic Level II. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.

title: Leukocyte esterase strip test: matched for XXXX society criteria.

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['mechanical failure or periprosthetic infection']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['periprosthetic joint infection', 'infection']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['Musculoskeletal Infection']

entities_list: @entity1173 :: ('MESH:D053120', 'Disease') :: ['aspirations']

answer: @entity85 :: (MESH:D009140,Disease) :: ['musculoskeletal infection']


abstract: The responses of the isolated @entity840 ileum to coaxial stimulation of its nerves, to @entity112 , @entity934 , @entity1812 , @entity1239 , @entity30715 , @entity17423 and @entity750 were studied, before and during @entity519 , cooling, or exposure to @entity5591 , @entity5333 , @entity1286 or @entity4033 . Dose ratios were used to determine the amount of block induced by these procedures. With the response to coaxial nerve stimulation as an indication of the excitability of the nervous tissue, it was found that @entity519 or cooling abolished the response to single shocks. Under these conditions the response of the ileum to @entity112 , @entity934 and @entity1812 was hardly affected, indicating a direct action of these substances on the muscle fibres. The effects of @entity1239 , @entity30715 , @entity6958 and @entity750 were reduced to various degrees, and we have concluded that their main actions are indirect, through stimulation of cholinergic nerve fibres. When these indirect actions were prevented, increasing the dose revealed a direct action, a larger increase in dose being required for @entity750 and @entity6958 than for @entity30715 and @entity1239 . Exposure of the ileum to @entity5591 and @entity5333 showed that these direct actions of @entity1239 and @entity30715 were not only on @entity934 receptors but also on receptors insensitive to @entity5591 but sensitive to @entity5333 . The main action of @entity750 was on nervous elements, yet treatment of the ileum with @entity5333 gave a higher dose ratio for @entity750 than did treatment with @entity1286 . The meaning of this result is discussed in relation to the general belief that receptors sensitive to @entity1286 are in nervous tissue and receptors sensitive to @entity5333 are in smooth muscle. We have concluded that @entity1286 is only a partial antagonist of @entity750 receptors in nervous tissue and that @entity5333 antagonizes more @entity750 receptors than those in smooth muscle.

title: An analysis of the direct and indirect actions of drugs on the isolated XXXX ileum.

entities_list: @entity4033 :: ('MESH:D018738', 'Chemical') :: ['hexamethonium']

entities_list: @entity1239 :: ('MESH:D009538', 'Chemical') :: ['nicotine']

entities_list: @entity17423 :: ('CHEBI:4290', 'Chemical') :: ['1,1-dimethyl-4-phenyl-piperazinium iodide']

entities_list: @entity5333 :: ('MESH:D010643', 'Chemical') :: ['phenoxybenzamine hydrochloride', 'phenoxybenzamine']

entities_list: @entity112 :: ('MESH:D006632', 'Chemical') :: ['histamine']

entities_list: @entity6958 :: ('MESH:D004246', 'Chemical') :: ['dimethylphenylpiperazinium']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['5-hydroxytryptamine']

entities_list: @entity1812 :: ('MESH:D001920', 'Chemical') :: ['bradykinin']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine']

entities_list: @entity5591 :: ('MESH:D012601', 'Chemical') :: ['hyoscine']

entities_list: @entity30715 :: ('MESH:C027917', 'Chemical') :: ['tetramethylammonium']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity840 :: (10141,Species) :: ['guinea-pig']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Background and objectives South Africa has 11 official languages, but most psychiatrists can speak only English and Afrikaans and there are no formal interpreter posts in the mental healthcare system. As a result clinicians communicate with @entity1 who have @entity3180 ( @entity3180 ) without the use of interpreters. We present case material, constituting recordings of interactions between clinicians and @entity3180 @entity1 in a public @entity146 institution. The aim is to have a better understanding of how these clinical encounters operated and what communicative strategies clinicians used. Design We used the Roter interaction analysis system (RIAS) to evaluate clinicians' conversational strategies and to analyze interactions between clinicians and @entity1 . Results Clinicians showed a high degree of tenacity in trying to engage @entity1 in the clinical conversation, build rapport, and gather crucial diagnostic information. However, @entity1 often responded briefly and monosyllabically, or kept quiet. In psychiatry where commonality of language cannot be assumed, it is not possible to determine the clinical significance of these responses. Discussion Clinicians went to great lengths to understand @entity3180 @entity1 . It is also clear that @entity1 were often not optimally understood. Clinicians would try to gain valid information in a polite manner, but would abandon these attempts repeatedly as it became clear that proper communication was not possible. Conclusions Our findings suggest that in the absence of interpreter services, the communication between clinicians and @entity3180 @entity1 is sparse and yields limited clinical information. The lack of proper language services stands in the way of optimal clinical care and requires urgent attention.

title: Doing their best: strategies used by South African clinicians in working with XXXX inpatients across a language barrier.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

entities_list: @entity3180 :: ('MESH:D007806', 'Disease') :: ['LEP', 'limited English language proficiency']

answer: @entity146 :: (MESH:D001523,Disease) :: ['psychiatric']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Elective surgery can have long-term psychological sequelae, especially for @entity1 who experience @entity3596 . However, risk factors, other than @entity3596 , for symptoms of @entity1005 ( @entity1005 ) after surgery are poorly defined, and practical screening methods have not been applied to a broad population of surgical @entity1 . METHODS: The Psychological Sequelae of Surgery study was a prospective cohort study of @entity1 previously enrolled in the United States and Canada in 3 trials for the prevention of @entity3596 . The 68 @entity1 who experienced definite or possible @entity3596 were matched with 418 @entity1 who denied @entity3596 based on age, sex, surgery type, and @entity3596 risk. @entity1 completed the @entity1005 Checklist-Specific ( @entity4351 -S) and/or a modified Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview telephone assessment to identify symptoms of @entity1005 and symptom complexes consistent with a @entity1005 diagnosis. We then used structural equation modeling to produce a composite @entity1005 score and examined potential risk factors. RESULTS: One hundred forty @entity1 were unreachable; of those contacted, 303 (88%) participated a median of 2 years postoperatively. Forty-four of the 219 @entity1 (20.1%) who completed the @entity4351 -S exceeded the civilian screening cutoff score for @entity1005 symptoms resulting from their surgery (15 of 35 [43%] with @entity3596 and 29 of 184 [16%] without). Nineteen @entity1 (8.7%; 5 of 35 [14%] with @entity3596 and 14 of 184 [7.6%] without) both exceeded the cutoff and endorsed a breadth of symptoms consistent with the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual Fourth Edition diagnosis of @entity1005 attributable to their surgery. Factors independently associated with @entity1005 symptoms were poor social support, previous @entity1005 symptoms, previous mental health treatment, dissociation related to surgery, perceiving that one's life was threatened during surgery, and @entity3596 (all P  <= 0.017). @entity4785 was identified as a potential mediator for perioperative @entity1005 symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Events in the perioperative period can precipitate @entity1109 consistent with @entity1005 . We not only confirmed the high rate of postoperative @entity1005 in @entity3596 @entity1 but also identified a significant rate in matched nonawareness controls. Screening surgical @entity1 , especially those with potentially mediating risk factors such as @entity3596 or perioperative dissociation, for postoperative @entity1005 symptoms with the @entity4351 -S is practical and could promote early referral, evaluation, and treatment.

title: Psychological sequelae of surgery in a prospective cohort of XXXX from three @entity3596 prevention trials.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity4785 :: ('MESH:D004213', 'Disease') :: ['Perioperative dissociation']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['psychological symptoms']

entities_list: @entity3596 :: ('MESH:D058926', 'Disease') :: ['awareness', 'intraoperative awareness']

entities_list: @entity1005 :: ('MESH:D013313', 'Disease') :: ['posttraumatic stress disorder', 'subsyndromal and syndromal PTSD', 'PTSD']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Mushroom polysaccharides are increasingly being utilized to treat a wide variety of diseases. Aqueous extracts from the Phellinus linteus have been reported to have anti- @entity5 and immunomodulatory properties. In particular, acidic polysaccharide (PL) isolated from P. linteus induced a secretory and cellular macrophage response. However, the exact mechanism by which PL regulates the macrophage functions remains unclear. PL-treated @entity19 peritoneal macrophages in vitro and in vivo dramatically induced the production of NO. PL enhanced the lytic death of B16 cells through the production of NO. The present study examined signal molecules that may participate in PL-elicited responses by macrophages. The data demonstrated that a protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor, @entity866 , and a protein @entity669 kinase (PTK) inhibitor, @entity670 , inhibited the tumoricidal activity of macrophages induced by PL. In addition, these inhibitors blocked the production of NO and the expression of surface molecules in PL-stimulated macrophages. Furthermore, @entity3804 / @entity12213 possibly mediates PL-induced cell activation. These results suggest that PL stimulates NO production for tumoricidal activity and induces cell-mediated immunity by increasing surface molecules, and the process may be a mechanism by which PL produces its therapeutic effects.

title: Acidic polysaccharide isolated from Phellinus linteus induces nitric oxide-mediated tumoricidal activity of macrophages through protein XXXX kinase and protein kinase C.

entities_list: @entity670 :: ('MESH:D019833', 'Chemical') :: ['genistein']

entities_list: @entity866 :: ('MESH:D019311', 'Chemical') :: ['staurosporine']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

answer: @entity669 :: (CHEBI:18186,Chemical) :: ['tyrosine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Research findings regarding the influence of psychopathology on @entity5 progression are not yet clear. This preliminary report investigates the severity of psychopathology assessed before biopsy in @entity1 with @entity0 ( @entity0 ) and its association with two follow-up outcomes: disease-free (to first recurrence) and survival periods. METHOD: The @entity146 assessment of 80 @entity1 under 70 years old was established by means of an interview before biopsy. The DSM-IV criteria were used to establish the past and current @entity146 diagnoses. The Present State Examination (PSE)-Index of Definition ( @entity894 )-computer program (CATEGO) was used to define total PSE score, clusters of @entity146 ( @entity146 ) and current clinical severity ( @entity894 ). The independent influence of biological prognostic factors and @entity146 variables on first recurrence or survival period was tested using Cox's proportional hazards regression model. RESULTS: After biopsy, 38 @entity0 @entity1 were followed up for 3 to 8-1/3 years. During this period, 8 @entity1 died from @entity0 and 7 were alive with metastatic disease. Cox's proportional hazards regression analyses showed that @entity5 diameter and low @entity894 were independent significant predictors of early recurrence, whereas @entity5 diameter, negative @entity172 receptors and low @entity894 were independent significant predictors of survival. CONCLUSIONS: A low prebiopsy psychopathology score in @entity0 is a predictor of early recurrence and short survival.

title: Low psychopathology scores in the prognosis of XXXX . A preliminary report.

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['invasive breast carcinoma', 'IBC']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric syndromes', 'psychiatric', 'psychiatric symptoms']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Survival of transplant recipients after primary renal allograft failure has not been well studied. METHODS: A cohort of 19,208 renal transplant recipients with primary allograft failure between 1985 and 1995 were followed from the date of allograft loss until @entity204 , repeat transplantation, or December 31, 1996. The mortality, wait-listing, and repeat transplantation rates were assessed. The mortality risks associated with repeat transplantation were estimated with a time-dependent survival model. RESULTS: In total, 34.5% (n=6,631) of @entity1 died during follow-up. Of these deaths, 82.9% (n=5,498) occurred in @entity1 not wait-listed for repeat transplantation, 11.9% (n=789) occurred in wait-listed @entity1 , and 5.2% (n=344) occurred in second transplant recipients. Before repeat transplantation, the adjusted 5-year @entity1 survival was 36%, 49%, and 65% for @entity6 ( @entity6 ), @entity6 , and @entity454 , respectively (P<0.001; @entity6 vs. nondiabetics). The adjusted 5-year @entity1 survival was lower in Caucasians (57%, P<0.001) compared with African-Americans (67%) and other races (64%). The 5-yr repeat transplantation rate was 29%, 15%, and 19%, whereas the median waiting time for a second transplant was 32, 90, and 81 months for Caucasians, African-Americans, and other races, respectively (P<0.0001 each). Repeat transplantation was associated with 45% and 23% reduction in 5-year mortality for type I @entity6 and @entity454 , respectively, when compared with their wait-listed dialysis counterparts with @entity177 . CONCLUSIONS: The loss of a primary renal allograft was associated with significant mortality, especially in recipients with type I @entity6 . Repeat transplantation was associated with a substantial improvement in 5-year @entity1 survival. Recipients with type I @entity6 achieved the greatest proportional benefit from repeat transplantation.

title: Prognosis after primary XXXX and the beneficial effects of repeat transplantation: multivariate analyses from the United States Renal Data System.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['type I diabetes mellitus', 'type II DM', 'DM']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['prior transplant failure']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['nondiabetic end-stage renal disease']

answer: @entity177 :: (MESH:D051437,Disease) :: ['renal transplant failure']


abstract: Stored @entity1 platelets are frequently used in @entity548 , but have limited immediate utility for controlling bleeding due to storage lesion and are frequently contaminated with microorganisms. The development of @entity1604 -treated, lyophilized and rehydrated (RL) platelets, which are sterile and have a prolonged shelf life (years), ameliorate the efficacy and sterility problems with stored platelets. RL platelets have been shown to have many native functions of fresh platelets in vitro and to mediate hemostasis in vivo in large animal models of @entity548 and cardiopulmonary bypass induced @entity1423 . To further evaluate the functional properties of this transfusion product, we studied the role of RL platelets in three aspects of @entity715 formation and @entity5405 . First, the interaction between RL platelets and fibrinogen was investigated. The surface density of unligated @entity1427 -IIIa on RL and fresh platelets were, respectively 30000 and 70000 molecules per cell as detected with the monoclonal antibody 10E-5. Freezing, lyophilization and rehydration steps in the preparation of RL platelets resulted in the surface presentation of 120000 molecules of fibrinogen per cell from alpha granule sources. After @entity857 activation, RL platelets bound exogenous 125I-labeled fibrinogen in a dose-dependent manner with an affinity that is similar to that of fresh platelets and was inhibited by RGD peptides. 125I-Labeled fibrinogen binding to RL and fresh platelets, respectively, saturated at 14000 and 32000 molecules per cell. Scanning electron microscopic ultrastructural analysis showed that fibrin strands interacted with the surface of RL platelets in a normal manner. The second set of studies investigated the ability of RL platelets to catalyze and amplify the clot formation process in an activation-dependent manner. We showed that RL platelets undergo degranulation in fibrin in clots and functioned as thrombogenic surfaces for the generation of activated coagulation factors and fibrin generation. A final set of studies was performed to investigate fibrin of clots that contained RL platelets. RL platelet clots were lysed in the presence of tissue plasminogen activator with a similar time course as clots without platelets, and @entity5405 occurred faster than when fresh platelets were included in the fibrin mass. The results of these three studies demonstrate that RL platelets are capable of mediating @entity715 formation and do not inhibit @entity5405 . Our results help explain how RL platelets restore hemostasis in vivo, and indicate that these cells might be a viable alternative to fresh stored platelets in transfusion medicine.

title: XXXX formation with rehydrated, lyophilized platelets.

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhagic emergencies', 'hemorrhagic shock']

entities_list: @entity1423 :: ('MESH:D001791', 'Disease') :: ['platelet dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1604 :: ('MESH:C003043', 'Chemical') :: ['paraformaldehyde']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombus']

answer: @entity715 :: (MESH:D013927,Disease) :: ['Thrombus']


abstract: Epidemiological variables in relation to @entity2650 were analyzed in a case-control study of a liveborn population from six Latin American countries. the frequency of @entity2650 was 7.6 per 10,000 livebirths (324/423,839). The cases were divided into three types: distal (72%), proximal (18.5%) and non-specified cases (9.5%). The control group consisted of the first nonmalformed @entity1 born after each of the @entity1 and was matched by sex, place, and time of birth. Other coexisting @entity600 were found in 13.6% of cases. The Brazilian sample showed the highest incidence rate (17.7/10,00) and also the highest incidence of severe forms (5.0/10,000) as compared with the other countries. a circannual rhythm was detected using several different statistical procedures. Low mean birth weight, twinning, @entity3556 , and drug exposure during the 1st trimester (particularly sex hormones) were found to be risk factors. The more severe forms had a higher neonatal mortality rate and higher inbreeding when compared with the controls or milder forms. The heritability coefficient was 0.6772 +/- 0.0675. The possible role of maternal sex hormone intake and disturbances of @entity1 chorionic gonadotropin during the first trimester are discussed.

title: XXXX : an epidemiological study in Latin America.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'child']

entities_list: @entity3556 :: ('MESH:D014592', 'Disease') :: ['vaginal bleeding']

entities_list: @entity2650 :: ('MESH:D007021', 'Disease') :: ['hypospadias']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['malformations']

answer: @entity2650 :: (MESH:D007021,Disease) :: ['Hypospadias']


abstract: Of the total cases of @entity378 reported in Canada between 1970-1974, approximately one-sixth (3671 cases) involved primarily non-respiratory organs. Common diagnostic entities were @entity378 (1516 cases), @entity3298 (1083 cases), @entity3084 (555 cases), @entity11694 (155 cases) and @entity693 (138 cases). The remainder (224 cases) involved a wide variety of organs. Between 1967 and 1977 the morbidity rates of most non-respiratory manifestations steadily declined, the decline in @entity693 being particularly marked. In contrast, @entity3298 did not decline to the same extent, reflecting changing immigration patterns. The major diagnostic entities differed in their age and sex patterns and in their contribution to total cases by birthplace and ethnic group. In particular, the preponderance of @entity3298 in females, and in the Asian-born was striking. @entity2497 was isolated infrequently and bacillary resistance to antituberculosis drugs was also uncommon. In a substantial proportion of cases, active @entity378 was present concurrently at another site, or there was historical or radiologic evidence of previous active @entity378 . Despite this additional evidence, delay and failure of diagnosis were common. An increased clinical awareness of @entity378 is required, particularly in view of the often enigmatic presentation of @entity1576 .

title: XXXX in Canada. Epidemiologic and bacteriologic features.

entities_list: @entity11694 :: ('MESH:D014385', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal tuberculosis']

entities_list: @entity3084 :: ('MESH:D014394', 'Disease') :: ['bone and joint tuberculosis']

entities_list: @entity693 :: ('MESH:D008581', 'Disease') :: ['meningitis']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['non-respiratory disease']

entities_list: @entity378 :: ('MESH:D014376', 'Disease') :: ['genitourinary tuberculosis', 'tuberculosis']

entities_list: @entity3298 :: ('MESH:D008199', 'Disease') :: ['lymphadenitis']

entities_list: @entity2497 :: ('1765', 'Species') :: ['Mycobacterium bovis']

answer: @entity1576 :: (MESH:D012131,Disease) :: ['Non-respiratory tuberculosis']


abstract: Pili are a major surface feature of the @entity1 pathogen @entity4195 (group A @entity4195 [GAS]). The T3 pilus is composed of a covalently linked polymer of protein T3 (formerly Orf100 or Fct3) with an ancillary protein, Cpa, attached. A putative signal peptidase, SipA (also called LepA), has been identified in several pilus gene clusters of GAS. We demonstrate that the SipA2 allele of a GAS serotype M3 strain is required for synthesis of T3 pili. Heterologous expression in @entity526 showed that SipA2, along with the @entity31481 and the sortase SrtC2, is required for polymerization of the T3 protein. In addition, we found that SipA2 is also required for linkage of the ancillary pilin protein Cpa to polymerized T3. Despite partial conservation of motifs of the type I signal peptidase family proteins, SipA lacks the highly conserved and catalytically important @entity563 and @entity376 residues of these enzymes. Substitution of @entity493 for either of the two @entity563 residues closest to the expected location of an active site @entity563 demonstrated that these @entity563 residues are both dispensable for T3 polymerization. Therefore, it seems unlikely that SipA functions as a signal peptidase. However, a T3 protein mutated at the P-1 position of the signal peptide cleavage site ( @entity493 to @entity369 ) was unstable in the presence of SipA2, suggesting that there is an interaction between SipA and T3. A possible chaperone-like function of SipA2 in T3 pilus formation is discussed.

title: SipA is required for pilus formation in XXXX serotype M3.

entities_list: @entity31481 :: ('MESH:C537047', 'Disease') :: ['pilus backbone protein T3']

entities_list: @entity4195 :: ('1314', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus pyogenes', 'streptococcus']

entities_list: @entity376 :: ('CHEBI:25094', 'Chemical') :: ['lysine']

entities_list: @entity563 :: ('CHEBI:17822', 'Chemical') :: ['serine']

entities_list: @entity493 :: ('CHEBI:16449', 'Chemical') :: ['alanine']

entities_list: @entity369 :: ('CHEBI:29016', 'Chemical') :: ['arginine']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

answer: @entity4195 :: (1314,Species) :: ['Streptococcus pyogenes']


abstract: Plasma @entity2671 (A) levels and plasma @entity7042 (E1) levels were measured by radioimmunoassay in a total of 135 healthy @entity1 (the control group), around the menopause. Both A and E1 plasma levels were found to drop significantly in the post-menopausal @entity1 (P less than 0.001). The mean plasma levels of A and E1 found in these healthy @entity1 were compared with the same plasma levels found in a total of 96 hospitalized @entity1 who were found to have various gynaecological disorders. Out of the total 96 @entity1 , 29 were post-menopausal and had @entity420 . The mean plasma levels of A and E1 were not significantly different in comparison with the norm. The mean body weight of the @entity5 @entity1 was slightly higher than the mean body weight of the healthy @entity1 . There were 25 other @entity1 , around the menopause, who had @entity1373 of the endometrium. The mean plasma levels of @entity2671 found in these @entity1 were significantly higher than the mean levels found in the healthy group of @entity1 ; both groups were similar in body weight. The @entity7042 levels found in these @entity1 were within the normal range. The remaining 42 @entity1 , around the menopause, were affected with dysfunctional uterine @entity548 , without @entity1869 . The plasma @entity2671 levels were within the normal range. @entity7042 plasma levels were not measured in this group of @entity1 . This study investigates the possible differences found in the endocrine plasma levels of @entity1 with @entity1373 and @entity420 .

title: Plasma XXXX and @entity7042 levels before and after the menopause. I. @entity1373 and @entity420 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity1373 :: ('MESH:D006965', 'Disease') :: ['glandular hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma of the endometrium']

entities_list: @entity7042 :: ('CHEBI:17263', 'Chemical') :: ['oestrone', 'Oestrone']

entities_list: @entity1869 :: ('MESH:D004714', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity2671 :: ('MESH:D000735', 'Chemical') :: ['androstenedione']

answer: @entity2671 :: (MESH:D000735,Chemical) :: ['androstenedione']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: It is not clear whether drains are necessary after @entity0 surgery. The purpose of this study was to compare @entity2080 formation in @entity1 that had postoperative drainage for 24  h with @entity1 that had no drain after @entity0 surgery. In this retrospective cohort study 96 @entity1 with a primary @entity0 were included. Between January 2009 and April 2011 44 @entity1 had @entity0 surgery followed by postoperative drainage. Between May 2011 and February 2013 52 @entity1 underwent @entity0 surgery without drainage. The operative procedures that were included were: axillary lymph node dissection, modified radical mastectomy or simple mastectomy      sentinel lymph node biopsy. There was no difference between both groups regarding frequency of @entity2080 (84.6% versus 90.9%; p  =  0.290) and amount of @entity2080 (540  ml versus 590  ml; p  =  0.446). Postoperative hospital stay was shorter in @entity1 without drainage (2 versus 2.5 days; p  =  0.003). There was no difference between both groups in other secondary outcome measures. Modified radical mastectomy was an independent predictor of the amount of @entity86 (HR 0.039 [0.007-0.235]; p  <  0.001). These results suggest that there is no difference in @entity2080 after @entity0 surgery between @entity1 that had postoperative drainage and @entity1 that had no postoperative drainage.

title: @entity0 surgery without drains: No influence on XXXX formation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative seroma']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

answer: @entity2080 :: (MESH:D049291,Disease) :: ['seroma']


abstract: AIMS: To assess outcome in @entity1 treated by a multidisciplinary team, with a combination of liver resection and @entity6470 ablation. METHODS: Sixteen unselected @entity1 (f=9; m=7) with colorectal liver @entity3 who were not suitable for surgery alone, were treated as follows: six had @entity6470 ablation at open laparotomy, three @entity1 had synchronous ablation and resection while seven @entity1 had @entity6470 ablation after liver resection. Standard liver resection techniques were used. @entity6470 was performed using internally cooled, single or cluster electrodes with a high power (200 W) generator. All @entity1 were followed with regular contrast enhanced CT and survival noted. RESULTS: A total of 27 @entity5 with diameters 1.2-10 cm were treated. Two minor complications were recorded. 2/6 (33%) who had intraoperative @entity6470 had incomplete ablation due to large @entity5 size (6 and 10 cm respectively). Further @entity6470 ablation sessions were carried out successfully. 11/16 (69%) are alive at 2 years of whom 7 (44%) have no evidence of residual or recurrent @entity409 . CONCLUSION: In our study, @entity6470 ablation extends the therapeutic envelope, is an effective local treatment of liver @entity3 and improves life expectancy.

title: Radiofrequency ablation extends the scope of surgery in colorectal liver XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver disease']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['metastases']


abstract: PURPOSE: Classical @entity978 (cHL) is characterized by a low percentage of @entity5 cells in a background of diverse, reactive immune cells. cHL cells commonly derive from preapoptotic germinal-center B cells and are characterized by the loss of B cell markers and the varying expression of other hematopoietic lineage markers. This phenotypic variability and the scarcity of currently available cHL-specific cell surface markers can prevent clear distinction of cHL from related @entity706 . EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We applied the Cell Surface Capture (CSC) technology to directly measure the pool of cell surface exposed proteins in four cHL and four @entity1893 ( @entity1893 ) cell lines. RESULTS: More than 1 000 membrane proteins, including 178 @entity1050 annotated proteins, were identified and allowed the generation of @entity706 surfaceome maps. The functional properties of identified cell surface proteins enable, but also limit the information exchange of @entity706 cells with their microenvironment. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Selected candidate proteins with potential diagnostic value were evaluated on a @entity3145 ( @entity3145 ). @entity706 tissue of 126 different B cell derived @entity706 cases were included in the @entity3145 analysis. The @entity3145 analysis indicated gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase 1 as a potential additional marker that can be included in a panel of markers for differential diagnosis of @entity978 . This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Surfaceome of classical Hodgkin and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma', 'Primary lymphoma', 'lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity3145 :: ('MESH:D017695', 'Disease') :: ['tissue microarray', 'TMA']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ['NHL', 'non-Hodgkin lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity978 :: ('MESH:D006689', 'Disease') :: ['cHL versus NHL', 'Hodgkin lymphoma']

answer: @entity1893 :: (MESH:D008228,Disease) :: ['non-Hodgkin lymphoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Neurons are highly differentiated cells responsible for the conduction and transmission of information in the nervous system. The proper function of a neuron relies on the compartmentalization of their intracellular domains. Differentiated @entity521 cells have been extensively used to study and understand the physiology and cell biology of neuronal cells. Here, we show that differentiation of N1E-115 @entity521 cells is more pronounced upon exposure of a chemical analog of @entity1919 ( @entity268 ), db- @entity268 . We next analysed the expression of key microtubule-regulating proteins in differentiated cells and the expression and activation of key @entity268 players such as @entity42846 , PKA and AKAP79/150. Most of the microtubule-promoting factors were up regulated during differentiation of N1E-115 cells, while microtubule-destabilizing proteins were down regulated. We observed an increase in tubulin post-translational modifications related to microtubule stability. As expected, db- @entity268 increased PKA- and @entity42846 -dependent signalling. Consistently, pharmacological modulation of @entity42846 activity instructed cell differentiation, number of neurites, and neurite length in N1E-115 cells. Moreover, disruption of the PKA- @entity37799 interaction reduced these morphometric parameters. Interestingly, PKA and @entity42846 act synergistically to induce neuronal differentiation in N1E-115. Altogether these results show that the changes observed in the differentiation of N1E-115 cells proceed by regulating several microtubule-stabilizing factors, and the acquisition of a neuronal phenotype is a process involving concerted although independent functions of @entity42846 and PKA. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Microtubule-regulating proteins and @entity268 -dependent signaling in XXXX differentiation.

entities_list: @entity1919 :: ('MESH:D000242', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclic AMP']

entities_list: @entity521 :: ('MESH:D009447', 'Disease') :: ['neuroblastoma']

answer: @entity521 :: (MESH:D009447,Disease) :: ['neuroblastoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: OBJECT Computed tomography angiography (CTA) is frequently used to examine @entity1 for blunt @entity130 (BCVI) after cranial @entity130 , but the pediatric population at risk for BCVI is poorly defined. Although CTA is effective for BCVI screening in adults, the increased lifetime risk for @entity5 associated with this screening modality warrants efforts to reduce its use in @entity1 . The authors' objective was to evaluate the incidence of BCVI diagnosed by CTA in a pediatric @entity1 cohort and to create a prediction model to identify @entity1 at high risk for BCVI. METHODS Demographic, clinical, and radiographic data were collected retrospectively for pediatric @entity1 who underwent CTA during examination for traumatic cranial injury from 2003 through 2013. The primary outcome was injury to the carotid or vertebral artery diagnosed by CTA. RESULTS The authors identified 234 @entity1 (mean age 8.3 years, range 0.04-17 years, 150 [64%] @entity1 ) who underwent CTA screening for BCVI. Of these, 24 (10.3%) had a focal @entity51 , and 153 (65.4%) had @entity932 on a head CTA. Thirty-seven BCVIs were observed in 36 @entity1 (15.4%), and 16 @entity1 (6.8%) died. Multivariate regression analysis identified @entity174 through the carotid canal, petrous @entity174 , Glasgow @entity772 Scale (GCS) score of < 8, focal @entity51 , and @entity64 on initial CT scan as independent risk factors for BCVI. A prediction model for identifying @entity1 at high risk for BCVI was created. A score of  <= 2 yielded a 7.9% probability of BCVI and a score of >=  3 a risk of 39.3% for BCVI. CONCLUSIONS For cranial @entity130 in @entity1 , @entity174 of the petrous temporal bone or through the carotid canal, focal @entity51 , @entity64 , and a GCS score of < 8 are independent risk factors for BCVI.

title: Risk factors for traumatic blunt XXXX diagnosed by computed tomography angiography in the pediatric population: a retrospective cohort study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity932 :: ('MESH:D020300', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture', 'temporal bone fracture']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant tumors']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deficit']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['trauma', 'cerebrovascular injury']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['cerebrovascular injury']


abstract: Reharvesting leukocytes from donors for a donor leukocyte infusion (DLI) is inconvenient and occasionally impossible in case of unrelated donors. It is well known that the effect of a growth factor-primed DLI is comparable to that of a nonprimed DLI. In total, 42 @entity1 with @entity1583 and a high risk of relapse were allocated, on an intent-to-treat basis, a peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT) from HLA-matched sibling donors, and then at the time of harvest, additional peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs) were also reserved for a therapeutic primed DLI in case of relapse. In all, 12 @entity1 who relapsed after allogeneic PBSCT were treated with mainly @entity2592 -based chemotherapy followed by a cryopreserved PBSC infusion. The median dose of CD3+ and @entity2280 + cells for the primed DLIs was 1.43 x 10(8)/kg and 4.75 x 10(6)/kg, respectively. Six of the 12 relapsed @entity1 exhibited a complete response after the primed DLI, plus their 1-year survival rate was 33%. The new development or progression of @entity2132 after a primed DLI was observed in 50% of the @entity1 . Overall, the survival at 1 year was 16.7%. Accordingly, the induction of a graft-versus- @entity1778 effect through a primed DLI, using additional PBSCs reserved at the original time of harvest, would appear to be feasible for @entity1 with relapsed @entity1583 . Furthermore, this approach is also more convenient for donors.

title: A pilot study of cytoreductive chemotherapy combined with infusion of additional peripheral blood stem cells reserved at time of harvest for transplantation in case of relapsed XXXX after allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplant.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2592 :: ('MESH:D003561', 'Chemical') :: ['cytarabine']

entities_list: @entity2132 :: ('MESH:D006086', 'Disease') :: ['graft-versus-host disease']

entities_list: @entity1583 :: ('MESH:D019337', 'Disease') :: ['hematologic malignancies']

answer: @entity1583 :: (MESH:D019337,Disease) :: ['hematologic malignancies']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Complete @entity155 of the brachial plexus is a devastating injury that primarily affects young adults. The current treatment is based on nerve transfers, which yield very limited recovery. In this study, @entity2685 were repaired with nerve transfers and nerve grafts directly implanted into the spinal cord. METHODS: Eight @entity1 with complete brachial plexus @entity155 injuries were surgically treated. Roots or target nerves of the brachial plexus were repaired with peripheral nerve grafts directly implanted into the spinal cord and with extraplexal nerve transfers. RESULTS: Muscle reinnervation was observed for six @entity1 who received spinal implants. Among those @entity1 , one recovered M4 muscle power. Reinnervation was observed only in proximal upper limb muscles. CONCLUSION: Muscle reinnervation through nerve grafts directly implanted into the spinal cord was demonstrated. It seems that the combination of intra- and extradural neurotizations improves the proximal muscle function results. However, the extent of this improvement is limited and, in our opinion, does not justify the use of spinal implants.

title: XXXX repairs with nerve transfers and nerve grafts directly implanted into the spinal cord yield partial recovery of shoulder and elbow movements.

entities_list: @entity155 :: ('MESH:D014084', 'Disease') :: ['avulsion']

entities_list: @entity2685 :: ('MESH:C536265', 'Disease') :: ['brachial plexus injuries']

answer: @entity2685 :: (MESH:C536265,Disease) :: ['Brachial plexus avulsion injury']


abstract: BACKGROUND _ OBJECTIVE: @entity632 , @entity2699 and @entity1260 are three effective chemotherapy drugs in treating @entity242 . However, few regimen is effective for the @entity1 who failed in treatment with prior @entity632 and @entity1260 at standard dose. This study was designed to observe and evaluate the efficacy and @entity137 of high dose @entity1260 (HDI) regimen on pre-treated soft tissue @entity242 . METHODS: Ten @entity1 with @entity242 and 5 @entity1 after surgical resection were treated with HDI administered by continuous infusion at a dose of 14 g/m2 per cycle over 6 days. All @entity1 were pretreated with @entity4349 +/- standard dose @entity1260 . RESULTS: An overall response rate of 40% was observed with 2 complete and 2 partial remission. In the follow up at 4-48 month, the overall median survival time was 21 +/- 3.29 months and the median response duration was 6 +/- 1.45 months. The major @entity137 was myelosuppression. 45.9% @entity1 experienced grade 3-4 @entity1398 . CONCLUSION: HDI is an active salvage regimen in @entity4349 +/- standard dose @entity1260 pretreated soft tissue @entity242 .

title: [Continuous-infusion high dose XXXX as salvage treatment for pre-treated soft tissue @entity242 ].

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['Adriamycin']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity242 :: ('MESH:D012509', 'Disease') :: ['sarcoma', 'progressive soft tissue sarcoma', 'advanced soft tissue sarcoma']

entities_list: @entity2699 :: ('MESH:D003606', 'Chemical') :: ['dacarbazine']

entities_list: @entity4349 :: ('CHEBI:48120', 'Chemical') :: ['anthracycline']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity1260 :: ('MESH:D007069', 'Chemical') :: ['ifosfamide']

answer: @entity1260 :: (MESH:D007069,Chemical) :: ['ifosfamide']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Apocrine @entity19274 is a benign cystic @entity5 with apocrine differentiation. Although most cases are @entity5 , @entity5 may occur. Surgical removal is the usual treatment for apocrine @entity19274 , but it may be troublesome and disfiguring in cases with @entity5 . OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy and cosmetic outcome of @entity544 laser vaporization in the treatment of multiple apocrine @entity19274 . @entity1 AND METHODS: A total of 11 lesions in three adult @entity1 were treated with @entity544 laser vaporization using a continuous and defocused mode, with a power density of 5 J/cm(2). The lesions were localized lateral to the outer canthus, on the free edge of the eyelids, and on the ear. Only a single session of treatment was performed for each lesion. Photographic controls were taken before and after treatment. RESULTS: The lesions cleared after laser treatment without residual changes, and a successful cosmetic result was obtained. CONCLUSION: @entity544 laser is an efficient method of the treatment for multiple apocrine @entity19274 .

title: Multiple apocrine XXXX : treatment with @entity544 laser vaporization.

entities_list: @entity19274 :: ('MESH:D018251', 'Disease') :: ['hidrocystoma', 'hidrocystomas']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['multiple tumours', 'solitary tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity544 :: ('MESH:D002245', 'Chemical') :: ['carbon dioxide', 'Carbon dioxide']

answer: @entity19274 :: (MESH:D018251,Disease) :: ['hidrocystomas']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Previous investigations have shown that short term inhalation of @entity842 (NO) before @entity63 and reperfusion (I/R) prevents I/R-related consequences on lung function. Here we correlate effects of NO-induced preconditioning, especially on the lung permeability barrier, with analysis of cell junction proteins and the level of @entity6667 ( @entity6667 ). METHODS: A @entity35 model of left lung in situ I/R was used. After left lateral thoracotomy, @entity63 was maintained for 60 min, followed by 30 min or 4 h (h) reperfusion (I/R groups). In the NO groups, inhalation of NO (10 min, 15 ppm) preceded I/R. Animals in control groups underwent sham surgery without NO inhalation and @entity63 . The extent of I/R injury was assessed in terms of oxygenation (arterial @entity4095 ) and lung permeability (Evans blue extravasation). Expression of junctional proteins and phosphorylation was determined in complete protein extracts from lung tissue, whereas the adherens junction (AJ) core complex was analyzed in Triton extracts by co-immunoprecipitation using antibodies against @entity17937 and @entity18175 . RESULTS: The inhalation of NO prevented the I/R-induced increase of permeability at 30 min reperfusion, and the @entity4095 increased from 27% of controls in the I/R group to 77% in the NO group. Left lung I/R correlated with a progressive loss of cadherins ( @entity18175 , @entity17937 , @entity60272 ) during reperfusion, whereas AJ catenins were largely preserved. Preconditioning with NO resulted in an increased ratio of catenins (alpha- and @entity12747 ) to @entity17937 in immunoprecipitates and in reduced phosphorylation of @entity12747 . A reduction of @entity6667 in left lung lavage fluid was observed at 4 h but not at 30 min reperfusion. CONCLUSIONS: The NO-induced changes of the AJ complex may have contributed to the stabilization of the lung permeability barrier during reperfusion.

title: Cell-cell junctions and XXXX in @entity35 lung as affected by @entity63 /reperfusion and preconditioning with inhaled @entity842 .

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['left lung ischemia', 'ischemia']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity6667 :: ('83785(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor', 'VEGF']

answer: @entity6667 :: (83785(Tax:10116),Gene) :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor']


abstract: @entity4624 ( @entity12847 , a carcinogen present in @entity286 smoke and environmental pollution) has been shown to suppress @entity1968 receptor-beta2 (RAR-beta(2)) and induce cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression. Restoration of RAR-beta(2) inhibited growth and colony formation of @entity418 cells, which was correlated with COX-2 suppression. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms for RAR-beta(2)-mediated suppression of COX-2 expression using @entity12847 as a tool. We found that @entity12847 -induced COX-2 expression was through inhibition of RAR-beta(2) and consequently, induction of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1/2 (Erk1/2) phosphorylation, and c-Jun expression. @entity418 cells that do not express RAR-beta(2) did not respond to @entity12847 for induction of COX-2. @entity12847 was also unable to induce COX-2 expression after RAR-beta(2) expression was manipulated in these @entity418 cells. Furthermore, @entity12847 induced time-dependent methylation of RAR-beta(2) gene promoter in @entity418 cells. Transfection of RAR-beta(2) expression vector into @entity418 cells suppressed expression of EGFR, Erk1/2 phosphorylation, c-Jun, and COX-2. In addition, co-treatment of RAR-beta(2)-positive cells with @entity12847 and the MEK1/2 inhibitor @entity5732 caused little change in c-Jun and COX-2 expression. This study demonstrated that @entity12847 -suppressed expression of RAR-beta(2) results in COX-2 induction and restoration of RAR-beta(2) expression reduces COX-2 protein in @entity418 cells, thereby further supporting our previous finding that RAR-beta(2) plays an important role in suppressing esophageal carcinogenesis.

title: Induction of cyclooxygenase-2 by XXXX through inhibition of @entity1968 receptor-beta 2 expression.

entities_list: @entity418 :: ('MESH:D004938', 'Disease') :: ['Esophageal cancer', 'esophageal cancer']

entities_list: @entity4624 :: ('CHEBI:30614', 'Chemical') :: ['Benzo[a]pyrene diol epoxide']

entities_list: @entity1968 :: ('MESH:D014212', 'Chemical') :: ['retinoic acid']

answer: @entity4624 :: (CHEBI:30614,Chemical) :: ['benzo[a]pyrene diol epoxide']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The objective of this work was to prepare hybrid nanoparticles of @entity15583 sheets decorated with @entity9756 metallic nanoparticles and demonstrate their advantages in bone tissue engineering. Strontium-decorated reduced graphene oxide (RGO_Sr) hybrid nanoparticles were synthesized by the facile reduction of graphene oxide and @entity65806 . X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy revealed that the hybrid particles were composed of RGO sheets decorated with 200-300 nm metallic @entity9756 particles. Thermal gravimetric analysis further confirmed the composition of the hybrid particles as 22 wt% of @entity9756 . Macroporous tissue scaffolds were prepared by incorporating RGO_Sr particles in @entity4351 ( @entity4351 ). The @entity4351 /RGO_Sr scaffolds were found to elute @entity9756 ions in aqueous medium. Osteoblast proliferation and differentiation was significantly higher in the @entity4351 scaffolds containing the RGO_Sr particles in contrast to neat @entity4351 and @entity4351 /RGO scaffolds. The increased biological activity can be attributed to the release of @entity9756 ions from the hybrid nanoparticles. This study demonstrates that composites prepared using hybrid nanoparticles that elute @entity9756 ions can be used to prepare multifunctional scaffolds with good mechanical and osteoinductive properties. These findings have important implications for designing the next generation of biomaterials for use in tissue regeneration.

title: XXXX eluting @entity15583 hybrid nanoparticles augment osteogenesis in a 3D tissue scaffold.

entities_list: @entity4351 :: ('CHEBI:60736', 'Chemical') :: ['poly(  -caprolactone)', 'PCL']

entities_list: @entity65806 :: ('MESH:C104873', 'Chemical') :: ['strontium nitrate']

entities_list: @entity9756 :: ('MESH:D013324', 'Chemical') :: ['strontium']

answer: @entity9756 :: (MESH:D013324,Chemical) :: ['Strontium']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to (1) compare the agreement of two evaluation methods of metabolic response in @entity1 with @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) and determine their prognostic value and (2) explore an optimal cutoff of metabolic reduction to distinguish a more favorable subset of responders. METHODS: This is a secondary analysis of prospective studies. Enrolled @entity1 underwent 18F-PET/CT within 2  weeks before, during, and months after radiotherapy (post-RT). Metabolic response was assessed using both Peter MacCallum (PM) method of qualitative visual assessment and University of Michigan (UM) method of semiquantitative measurement. The agreement between two methods determined response, and their prediction of outcome was analyzed. RESULTS: Forty-four @entity1 with median follow-up of 25.2  months were analyzed. A moderate agreement was observed between PM- and UM-based response assessment (Kappa coefficient   =   0.434), unveiling a significant difference in CMR rate (p   =   0.001). Categorical responses derived from either method were significantly predictive of @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) and progression-free survival (PFS) (p   <   0.0001). Numerical percentage decrease of FDG uptake also showed significant correlations with survival, presenting a hazard ratio of 0.97 for both @entity1349 and PFS. A 75  % of SUV decrease was found to be the optimal cutoff to predict @entity1349 and 2-year progression. CONCLUSIONS: There was a modest discrepancy in metabolic response rates between PM and UM criteria, though both could offer predictive classification for survival. The percentage decrease provides an ordinal value that correlates with prolonged survival, recommending 75  % as the optimal threshold at identifying better responders.

title: Metabolic response assessment with (18)F-FDG PET/CT: inter-method comparison and prognostic significance for @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has been targeted as a promising approach that can mitigate post- @entity1188 . There is some interesting evidence showing that the beneficial role of the LLLT could persist long-term even after the end of the application, but it remains to be systematically evaluated. Therefore, the present study aimed to test the hypothesis that LLLT beneficial effects in the early post- @entity1188 could remain in overt @entity712 even with the disruption of irradiations. Female @entity35 were subjected to the @entity1563 to induce @entity583 or Sham operation. A single LLLT application was carried out after 60 s and 3 days post- @entity1563 , respectively. Echocardiography was performed 3 days and at the end of the experiment (5 weeks) to evaluate cardiac function. After the last echocardiographic examination, LV hemodynamic evaluation was performed at baseline and on sudden afterload increases. Compared with the Sham group, infarcted @entity35 showed increased systolic and diastolic internal diameter as well as a depressed shortening fraction of LV. The only benefit of the LLLT was a higher shortening fraction after 3 days of @entity1188 . However, treated-LLLT @entity35 show a lower shortening fraction in the 5th week of study when compared with Sham and non-irradiated @entity35 . A worsening of cardiac function was confirmed in the hemodynamic analysis as evidenced by the higher LV end-diastolic pressure and lower +dP/dt and -dP/dt with five weeks of study. Cardiac functional reserve was also impaired by @entity1188 as evidenced by an attenuated response of @entity64 work index and cardiac output to a sudden afterload stress, without LLLT repercussions. No significant differences were found in the myocardial expression of @entity2308 / @entity6667 pathway. Collectively, these findings illustrate that LLLT improves LV systolic function in the early post- @entity1188 . However, this beneficial effect may be dependent on the maintenance of phototherapy. Long-term studies with LLLT application are needed to establish whether these effects ultimately translate into improved @entity299 .

title: Low-Level Laser Application in the Early @entity583 Stage Has No Beneficial Role in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity1563 :: ('MESH:D054059', 'Disease') :: ['coronary occlusion']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarction cardiac remodeling', 'infarction']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac remodeling']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Wistar rats', 'rats']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['Heart Failure']


abstract: OBJECT: @entity76 are @entity5 of childhood known to be associated with excellent long-term survival in @entity1 in whom complete surgical resection is possible. However, the roles of other factors--clinical, radiological, histological, and therapeutic--in the survival of the @entity1 , @entity5 recurrence, and long-term @entity1 outcome remain imprecise. The goal of this study was to examine these factors and their relationships. METHODS: To clarify these issues a retrospective review was conducted of 168 @entity1 who were surgically treated for a @entity76 at H  pital Necker-Enfants Malades between 1955 and 1995. These @entity1 ' clinical files were examined, the histological characteristics of their @entity5 were reviewed, and their outcomes were assessed according to Bloom's scale and the Wechsler intelligence quotient test. Of the 168 @entity1 in the study, 91 were male and 77 were female with a mean age of 6.9 years and a mean follow up lasting 7.7 years. @entity5 were identified as being strictly located in the cerebellum in 76.2% of the @entity1 and as involving the brainstem (referred to as the "transitional form") in 23.8% of the @entity1 . Complete surgical excision was possible in 88.7% of cases. There was a total mortality rate of 4.2% and a @entity5 recurrence rate of 9.5%. Fifty-eight percent of the @entity1 had no neurological sequelae at follow-up evaluation. Pejorative factors that were discovered by multivariate analysis to be important included: a long preoperative duration of symptoms and the transitional form of @entity5 with respect to survival; incomplete @entity5 excision with respect to an increased risk of recurrence; and a long preoperative duration of symptoms, an early epoch during which surgery was performed (1955-1974), severe @entity2554 , and the transitional form of @entity5 with respect to a poorer long-term @entity1 outcome. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of brainstem involvement ( @entity5 in the transitional form) emerged as a significant negative prognostic factor and should be treated as a distinct nosological entity. The extent of surgical excision has a significant bearing on the risk of @entity5 recurrence.

title: @entity76 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumors', 'benign tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2554 :: ('MESH:C563906', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular dilation']

entities_list: @entity76 :: ('MESH:D002526', 'Disease') :: ['Cerebellar astrocytomas', 'cerebellar astrocytoma']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the correlation between prognosis and different sequences of pulmonary artery and vein interruption during completely thoracoscopic lobectomy for early stage @entity1149 . METHODS: Retrospective analysis of 334 cases underwent completely thoracoscopic lobectomy, which were identified as stage I~II @entity1149 by pathology. They were divided into three groups according to the order of vessel interruption: pulmonary vein first (Group V, n = 174), pulmonary artery first (Group A, n = 93), and artery-vein-artery group (Group M, n = 67). Their preoperative and operative conditions, and the postoperative survival, recurrence were compared. RESULTS: Group A had less cases with history of smoking but more with history of @entity358 . The average @entity548 amount during the operation in Group A is significantly less Group V, and Group M fell in between them. The duration of @entity260 were similar among the three groups. The types of @entity5 recurrence were also similar, which were mostly distant @entity3 . There was no statistically significant difference in @entity5 -free survival and overall survival among the three groups. CONCLUSIONS: For the treatment of stage I~II @entity1149 using completely thoracoscopic lobectomy, pulmonary artery interruption first can reduce the @entity548 amount without affecting the operative @entity260 . The sequence of vessel interruption during lobectomy by thoracoscopic surgery would not affect @entity5 recurrence, @entity3 and survival.

title: Curative Effects of Different Sequences of Vessel Interruption During the Completely Thoracoscopic Lobectomy on Early Stage XXXX .

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['operation and postoperative complications', 'difficulty and postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary infection']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer']


abstract: @entity5442 ( @entity5442 ) are a group of @entity121 occurring both in @entity1 and adults. Nailfold videocapillaroscopy (NVC) alterations are described in @entity5442 , but available data are discordant, including differences between @entity6558 ( @entity6558 ) and @entity6017 ( @entity6017 ). The aim of this study was to describe the capillaroscopic differences between @entity6558 and @entity6017 @entity1 and possible correlation with clinical and serological features. We analyzed 52 unselected @entity1 with @entity5442 in a cross-sectional study in a 6-month period. NVC findings of 29 @entity6017 and 23 @entity6558 @entity1 were compared with those of 52 @entity1 with primary @entity2407 . Tortuosities, @entity393 , enlarged and @entity2478 , microhemorrhages, and ramified capillaries were scored by a semiquantitative rating; disorganization of the vascular array, avascular areas, and @entity2631 pattern were scored as presence/absence. Sex, mean age, and mean disease duration were similar in both groups. Disorganization of the vascular array, enlarged and @entity2478 , @entity393 , and @entity2631 -like pattern were observed almost only in @entity5442 @entity1 . Significant differences were observed between @entity6558 and @entity6017 with higher frequency and mean score of NVC changes in @entity6017 . In @entity6017 @entity1 with disease duration  <=6  months (14/29 @entity1 ), capillary density was significantly reduced (P   =   0.039) and @entity2478 more frequent (P   =   0.027), compared with @entity1 with longer disease duration, while a @entity2631 pattern tended to be more frequent in @entity1 with a disease duration of less than 6  months. On the contrary, no differences were observed for ramified capillaries with regard to disease duration. Capillaroscopic alterations are identified only in @entity6017 @entity1 as expression of diffuse @entity455 ; surprisingly, more severe changes were associated with @entity66 , while persistence of ramified capillaries with long-standing disease.

title: Nailfold capillaroscopic changes in @entity6017 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['microangiopathy']

entities_list: @entity6017 :: ('MESH:D003882', 'Disease') :: ['dermatomyositis', 'DM']

entities_list: @entity5442 :: ('MESH:D009220', 'Disease') :: ['IM', 'Inflammatory myopathies']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['shorter disease duration']

entities_list: @entity2478 :: ('MESH:D019559', 'Disease') :: ['giant capillaries']

entities_list: @entity2407 :: ('MESH:D011928', 'Disease') :: ["Raynaud's phenomenon"]

entities_list: @entity2631 :: ('MESH:D012594', 'Disease') :: ['scleroderma']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['capillary loss']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['muscle diseases']

entities_list: @entity6558 :: ('MESH:D017285', 'Disease') :: ['PM', 'polymyositis']

answer: @entity6558 :: (MESH:D017285,Disease) :: ['polymyositis']