abstract: The osmoregulatory physiology of decapod crustaceans has received extensive attention. Within this field there is a growing body of literature on cardiovascular and respiratory responses to low salinity. Most species exhibit a @entity591 coupled with an increase in ventilation rate and @entity26 uptake. However, these previous experiments were conducted on animals that were starved prior to experimentation in order to avoid increases in metabolism associated with digestive processes. Because organisms are not necessarily starved prior to experiencing environmental perturbations, results from previous experiments may not represent natural physiological responses. The present study investigated how an osmoconforming decapod, the graceful crab @entity5 gracilis, balanced the demands of physiological systems (prioritization or additivity of events) during feeding and digestion in a low salinity environment. @entity5 gracilis exhibited a typical increase in @entity26 uptake and less pronounced increases in cardiovascular variables (heart rate, @entity64 volume, cardiac output) during feeding in 100% seawater. In 3-day starved crabs, exposure to 65% seawater resulted in a pronounced @entity1168 , with a concomitant decrease in cardiac output and haemolymph flow rates and a temporary decrease in @entity26 uptake. When crabs were exposed to low salinity, 3 h and 24 h after food ingestion, heart rate increased slightly and cardiac output and ventilation rates remained stable. Although @entity26 uptake decreased transiently, feeding levels were quickly regained. During a recovery phase in 100%SW there was an overshoot in parameters, suggesting repayment of an @entity26 debt. Thus, it appears that feeding and digestion are prioritized in this species, allowing it to survive acute exposure to hyposaline water. Furthermore, the results show that the nutritional state of an animal is important in modulating its physiological responses to environmental perturbations. This underscores the importance of studying physiological responses at the whole organism level under conditions closely approximating those of the natural environment.

title: Feeding and digestion in low salinity in an osmoconforming crab, XXXX gracilis. I. Cardiovascular and respiratory responses.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cancer']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity1168 :: ('MESH:D001919', 'Disease') :: ['bradycardia']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Cancer']


abstract: Sulfotransferases (SULT) catalyze both the bioactivation and detoxification of a wide range of promutagens and procarcinogens. @entity4913 appears to be an important @entity3971 SULT because of its abundance and distribution in many tissues and wide substrate specificity. The @entity4913 gene possesses a @entity13284 polymorphism that results in an @entity534 to His @entity535 substitution, and the His(213) allele has been shown to have low activity and low thermal stability. Because of its functional role and published data showing the influence of @entity29874 polymorphism on the risk of some @entity5 , we hypothesized that the His(213) allele of the @entity4913 gene may modify @entity150 risk. To test this hypothesis, we determined the @entity4913 @entity29874 genotypes in 384 incident @entity150 @entity1 and 386 healthy frequency-matched controls. A comprehensive epidemiologic interview was conducted on all @entity1 to collect personal information, such as demographics and smoking status. The @entity534 /His and His/His genotypes were more common in the controls than the cases (P=0.035), resulting in a His(213) allele frequency of 35.0% in controls and 28.8% in cases. When individuals with the His(213) allele genotypes ( @entity534 /His+His/His) were combined and compared to individuals with the @entity534 / @entity534 genotype, we observed a statistically significant reduced risk of @entity150 (OR=0.72; 95% CI 0.54-0.97). When we examined the data by gender, there was a statistically significant reduced risk of @entity150 only in @entity1 (OR=0.42; 95% CI 0.23-0.78) and not in @entity1 (OR=0.84; 95% CI 0.60-1.19) with the His(213) genotypes. In addition, there was a reduced @entity150 risk in never smokers (OR=0.59; 95% CI 0.36-0.98) with the His(213) allele genotypes, but not in former (OR=0.82; 95% CI 0.54-1.25) or current smokers (OR=0.68; 95% CI 0.29-1.58). The His(213) allele genotypes also appeared to provide some protective benefit for current and former smokers, as compared to those with the @entity534 / @entity534 genotype. In conclusion, this study provides epidemiologic evidence of a reduced @entity150 risk associated with the @entity4913 His(213) polymorphism. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the function of this @entity4913 polymorphism with regard to organ specificity, gene-environment interactions, and the gender-related difference we observed.

title: XXXX ( @entity4913 ) polymorphism and @entity150 risk: a case-control study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder cancer']

entities_list: @entity29874 :: ('p|SUB|R|213|H', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['Arg213His']

answer: @entity4913 :: (6817,Gene) :: ['Sulfotransferase 1A1']


abstract: AIMS: The utilization and timing of revascularization in unstable @entity453 varies, which could have important consequences for @entity1 and for treatment costs. The FRISC II invasive trial compared an early invasive strategy vs a non-invasive strategy with respect to the composite end-point of @entity204 and @entity583 as well as costs. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 2457 @entity1 , median age 66 years, comprising 70% @entity1 , were randomized. We prospectively recorded the @entity1 ' use of the health service. The results were analysed in a societal perspective. There was a significant 1.7% absolute reduction in deaths and a 3.7% absolute reduction in deaths and @entity583 in the invasive compared to the non-invasive group after 12 months. During the initial hospitalization a @entity1 in the invasive group spent on average 3.9 more days in hospital than a @entity1 in the non-invasive group. Opposite results were found for rehospitalizations. The difference in mean total costs is SEK 23 876 (P<0.001). The incermental cost-effective ratio for choosing the invasive instead of the non-invasive strategy is @entity33644 404 000 per avoided @entity204 and SEK 645 000 per avoided @entity204 or @entity583 . CONCLUSION: The high cost at the beginning of the invasive strategy is substantial. The clinical results of the FRISC II study provided evidence that the invasive strategy reduces the rate of @entity204 and @entity583 in @entity1 with unstable @entity453 . For policy discussions concerning whether or not to implement the invasive strategy, these positive results should be balanced against the cost-consequences of the strategy.

title: Cost-effectiveness of an invasive strategy in unstable XXXX ; results from the FRISC II invasive trial. The Fast Revascularisation during InStability in @entity453 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'myocardial infarctions']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

answer: @entity453 :: (MESH:D003324,Disease) :: ['coronary artery disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2259 is a serious condition that leads to high morbidity and mortality. Data describing pharmacist involvement in the management of @entity2259 in the @entity341 are lacking. OBJECTIVE: To determine if pharmacist involvement in the management of @entity2259 in the @entity341 ( @entity341 ) led to an @entity2259 as well as improvements in @entity1 outcomes. METHODS: The primary outcome of this retrospective cohort study was the rate of appropriate treatment of @entity2259 . Secondary outcomes included the rate of unplanned, infectious disease-related 90-day admission or readmission to the @entity341 or hospital as well as infectious disease-related 90-day mortality. All @entity1 seen in the @entity341 and subsequently discharged who had a positive blood culture determined not to be a contaminant were included in the study. @entity1 were analyzed in 2 cohorts: those that were physician managed (107 @entity1 ) and those that were pharmacist managed (138 @entity1 ). RESULTS: In the physician-managed cohort, 50 of 107 (47%) @entity1 were treated appropriately compared with 131 of 138 (95%) @entity1 in the pharmacist-managed cohort ( P < 0.0001). There was also a decrease in attributable 90-day admission or readmission in pharmacist-managed @entity1 , which occurred in 4 of 138 @entity1 (2.9%) versus the physician-managed @entity1 cohort in which 13 of 107 @entity1 (12.1%) were readmitted ( P = 0.01). There was no difference in mortality between the groups ( P = 0.8337). CONCLUSION: Pharmacist involvement in the management of @entity2259 in the @entity341 was associated with higher rates of appropriate treatment and a corresponding decrease in the rates of attributable 90-day admission or readmission to the hospital or @entity341 .

title: Clinical Pharmacist Management of XXXX in a Community Hospital Emergency Department.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['emergency department', 'ED']

entities_list: @entity2259 :: ('MESH:D016470', 'Disease') :: ['increase in appropriate treatment of bacteremia', 'bacteremia', 'Bacteremia']

answer: @entity2259 :: (MESH:D016470,Disease) :: ['Bacteremia']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We evaluate the efficacy and safety of the modified intrapleural @entity900 treatment for @entity2 @entity1 with positive pleural lavage cytology or malignant effusion. METHODS: The treatment was performed for seven @entity1 with malignant effusion and 18 patents with positive pleural lavage cytology. After pulmonary resection, the @entity1143 was filled with @entity900 with a normal saline solution for 30 min. Complications and survival of the @entity1 were evaluated. RESULTS: The chest tube duration were significantly prolonged in the treatment (CDDP) group (5.7 +/- 3.6 vs. 2.8 +/- 2.6 days). We had one operative death that developed a @entity9131 ; however, the other complications were not severe. The mortality rate was 4% and the morbidity rate was 60%. We experienced two carcinomatous @entity5641 in the CDDP group. The median survival time of the CDDP group was 47.0 +/- 11.1 months and the 3- and 5-year survival rate was 52.6% and 11.3%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: We were able to perform this treatment for these advanced @entity2 @entity1 , which had the preventive effect of carcinomatous @entity5641 . This therapy shows the possibility of a treatment that might lead to an improvement in the prognosis of these @entity1 , without causing severe complications.

title: Modified intrapleural @entity900 treatment for XXXX with positive pleural lavage cytology or malignant effusion.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1143 :: ('MESH:D010996', 'Disease') :: ['pleural cavity']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity5641 :: ('MESH:D010998', 'Disease') :: ['pleuritis']

entities_list: @entity9131 :: ('MESH:D001983', 'Disease') :: ['bronchial fistula']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['lung cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The prevalence of @entity1144 is on the rise worldwide. Previous studies have indicated the higher diagnostic value of body fat distribution pattern compared with general body in @entity1144 assessments. Several non-pharmacological methods have been suggested for @entity28 management, of which acupuncture has gained a great deal of research interest with promising results. This study aimed to comparatively evaluate the effects of conventional auricular and body electroacupuncture on abdominal fat mass in @entity28 @entity1 . METHODS: The volunteers were randomly divided into four groups, including 2 interventions and 2 controls. This study was conducted on 80 @entity28 volunteer @entity1 with Body Mass Index (BMI) range of 30-40  kg/m2.The intervention groups including real body electroacupuncture (A), real auricular acupuncture (C) and the control groups containing sham body electroacupuncture (B), and sham auricular acupuncture (D). All groups were in combination with a low-calorie diet for 6  weeks. BMI, @entity1386 ( @entity1386 ), Waist Circumference (WC), and @entity572 ( @entity572 ) were measured pre- and post-intervention. RESULTS: In group A, respectively a significant reduction was shown in BMI (P   <   0.005), @entity1386 (P   <   0.005), WC (P   <   0.05, P   <   0.005) and @entity572 (P   <   0.005) when compared with controls (Groups B and D). Interestingly, group C had significant decreases in BMI (P   <   0.005), @entity1386 (P   <   0.01, P   <   0.005), WC (P   <   0.005) and @entity572 (P   <   0.001) after comparison with the sham. Likewise, WC (P   <   0.05) and @entity572 (P   <   0.05) were significantly reduced post- intervention when compared with two treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS: In our study, acupuncture treatment (body or auricular) seemed to have an effect on reducing BMI, @entity1386 , WC and @entity572 . Comparison of the two types of treatment (body and auricular acupuncture) suggests that the two types of acupuncture had similar effects on reducing BMI and @entity1386 , but body electroacupuncture is more effective in reducing WC and auricular in @entity572 . It seems that both auricular and body electro-acupuncture combined with a low-calorie diet are efficient, simple and painless methods to reduce respectively the @entity572 and WC fat in @entity28 @entity1 , compared with conventional techniques. TRIAL REGISTRATION: IRCT201201127117N2.

title: Auricular or body acupuncture: which one is more effective in reducing abdominal fat mass in Iranian XXXX with @entity28 : a randomized clinical trial.

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obese', 'obesity']

entities_list: @entity1144 :: ('MESH:D056128', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal obesity']

entities_list: @entity572 :: ('MESH:D006617', 'Disease') :: ['Hip Circumference', 'HC']

entities_list: @entity1386 :: ('MESH:D018205', 'Disease') :: ['Trunk Fat Mass', 'TFM']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['men']


abstract: @entity1 (n=52) with acute @entity583 ( @entity583 ) and @entity6 older than 18 years were distributed within first 24 hours of @entity583 into 2 groups. In @entity1 of group 1 (n=28) standard therapy was supplemented with @entity1481 (70 mg/day) for 30 days, @entity1 of group 2 received only standard therapy. The following parameters were assessed: rate of recurrent MIs, inhospital mortality, dynamics of MB CR, rate of development and progression of @entity712 , dynamics of brain natriuretic peptide, parameters of echocardiogram. Mortality in group 1 at the background of thrombolytic therapy (TLT) was 5.9% (n=1) what was significantly lower than in group 2 where this parameter was equal to 35.7% (n=5), p=0.006. A tendency was noted to lowering of rate of recurrent MIs (17.6 and 21.4% in groups 1 and 2, respectively). Analogous parameters did not differ significantly between subgroups of @entity1 not treated with TLT. In group 1 significant 31% lowering of MB CK level was noted in TLT treated @entity1 . In group 2 level of MB CK after 27-30 hours significantly increased by 30.16% compared with initial level (p=0.001). At analysis of analogous parameters in subgroups not treated with TLT significant differences were not obtained. There were no significant differences between groups according to echocardiography data, however ejection fraction in group 1 was 12.6% higher than in group 2 (p>0.05).

title: [ @entity1481 in Complex Therapy of Acute XXXX at the Background of @entity6 .]

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus type 2']

entities_list: @entity1481 :: ('MESH:D014292', 'Chemical') :: ['trimetazidine']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'MI']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['Myocardial Infarction']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To document the indication and value of orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) for the @entity1 with @entity6984 . METHODS: Forty @entity1 of @entity6984 , including 5 @entity1 with liver transplantation (LTx) and 35 without LTx (WLTx) from Jan 1992 to Dec 2003 were enrolled for analysis retrospectively. The TNM stages were comparable in both groups. In LTx group, 4 @entity1 were @entity6984 including 1 recurrence 5 months later after resection, and 1 cancerization from @entity13550 . @entity5990 was performed by Roux-en-Y choledochojejunostomy in two, end-to-end choledochocholedochostomy in 3 cases. RESULTS: In LTx group, the total resection rate and radical resection rate were both 100%. Four cases survived for 48, 38, 21 and 5 months, respectively, except that the other one died from bile leakage at the 40th day after transplantation. All 4 survivors had good life quality without @entity5 in local or distant site, even though 3 of 4 cases developed @entity253 , which was cured by radiological intervention therapy. The overall 1, 3-year survival rates were both 4/5 in LTx. The total resection rate and radical resection rate in the WLTx group were 63.0% (17/27) and 40.7% (11/27) and, the 1, 3, 5-year survival rates were 32.2%, 8.0% and 0, respectively. There was significant difference between the two groups in radical resection rate and survival rate (P = 0.016). In the routine radical resection group, the 1, 3-year survival rates were 54.5% (6/11) and 18.% (2/11), which were not significantly different from those in LTx. CONCLUSION: OLT is a good choice for the @entity1 with advanced stage of unresectable @entity6984 by routine modalities, and the prognosis was exciting.

title: [The value of orthotopic liver transplantation in the treatment of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5990 :: ('MESH:D042882', 'Disease') :: ['Biliary duct anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity13550 :: ('MESH:D016767', 'Disease') :: ["Caroli's disease"]

entities_list: @entity6984 :: ('MESH:D018285', 'Disease') :: ['Klatskin tumors', 'Klatskin tumor']

entities_list: @entity253 :: ('MESH:D001660', 'Disease') :: ['biliary stricture']

answer: @entity6984 :: (MESH:D018285,Disease) :: ['Klatskin tumor']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess whether to perform routine cytogenetic and Y chromosome microdeletion screening on all @entity249 male @entity1 . DESIGN: A cytogenetic and Y microdeletion study of a random group of @entity249 @entity1 . SETTING: University department. @entity1 (S): In total, 40 @entity1 had @entity3893 (21 nonidiopathic), 27 had severe @entity6660 /oligoasthenozoospermia (<or=5 x 10(6)/mL) (5 nonidiopathic), 20 had @entity6660 /oligoasthenozoospermia (5-20 x 10(6)/mL) (6 nonidiopathic), and 16 had @entity19474 (5 nonidiopathic). Many were candidates for intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). INTERVENTION(S): Collection of blood samples from all @entity1 and buccal cells from one @entity1 . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Karyotype analysis, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) screening for Y chromosome microdeletions, and fluorescence in situ hybridization of abnormal chromosomes. RESULT(S): Ten (9.7%) subjects, including one nonidiopathic @entity1 , were found to have an abnormal karyotype. Two idiopathic azoospermic @entity1 were missing large portions of Y chromosome euchromatin, confirmed by PCR analysis and an additional idiopathic azoospermic @entity1 had a Y chromosome microdeletion. CONCLUSION(S): Routine cytogenetic analysis of all @entity249 male @entity1 is required but it may be advisable to limit routine Y chromosome microdeletion screening to @entity1 with severe @entity4810 (<or=5 x 10(6)/mL).

title: Cytogenetic and Y chromosome microdeletion screening of a random group of XXXX males.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENT', 'men']

entities_list: @entity249 :: ('MESH:D007246', 'Disease') :: ['infertile']

entities_list: @entity4810 :: ('MESH:D007248', 'Disease') :: ['male factor infertility']

entities_list: @entity19474 :: ('MESH:D053627', 'Disease') :: ['asthenozoospermia']

entities_list: @entity6660 :: ('MESH:D009845', 'Disease') :: ['oligozoospermia']

entities_list: @entity3893 :: ('MESH:D053713', 'Disease') :: ['azoospermia']

answer: @entity249 :: (MESH:D007246,Disease) :: ['infertile']


abstract: 1. Because interneurons of stratum pyramidale partly mediate the feed-forward inhibition of pyramidal cells, intracellular postsynaptic potentials (PSPs) evoked by activation of afferent fibers were examined in 32 nonpyramidal cells of stratum pyramidale of the @entity1249 region of @entity35 hippocampal slices. 2. Electrical stimulation of stratum radiatum at the @entity1249 - @entity1251 border elicited, in interneurons, PSPs that were composed of four components: a fast excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP), an early inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSPA), a late IPSPB, and in some cells a delayed, slower EPSP. These synaptic potentials summated and elicited single action potentials in 57% of cells (17/30) and burst of action potentials (2-10) in the remaining 43%. 3. The fast EPSP was observed in all cells, and the mean stimulation intensity at its threshold was 53.4 microA. Its amplitude increased with membrane hyperpolarization, and it was associated with a 45.4% decrease in cellular input resistance. The fast EPSP always elicited an action potential at short latencies (3.6-6.4 ms poststimulation). It was reversibly reduced by @entity1023 ( @entity1023 ), a blocker of non- @entity1024 (non- @entity143 ) excitatory @entity535 receptors. 4. The IPSPA was observed in 28/32 cells, and the mean intensity of stimulation was 57.6 microA at its threshold. The mean latency of its peak amplitude was 17.4 ms. The mean equilibrium potential (Erev) was -72.8 mV, and it was associated with a 38.9% decrease in cellular input resistance. IPSPA was blocked by the GABAA antagonist @entity1027 . 5. The IPSPB was seen in 29/32 cells, and the mean intensity of stimulation at its threshold was 80.3 microA. Its latency to peak was 130.6 ms, its Erev was -107.6 mV, and it was associated with a small (7.6%) decrease in cellular input resistance. IPSPB was blocked by the GABAB antagonist @entity19666 . 6. In 11/32 cells a slower EPSP was also observed. Its mean latency to peak was 53.3 ms, and the mean intensity of stimulation at its threshold was 89.4 microA. In two cells its amplitude decreased with membrane hyperpolarization, and its was associated with a 6.8% increase in cellular input resistance. In 8 of 13 cells showing burst responses, this slow EPSP was present. 7. Both EPSPs and IPSPs were sensitive to repetitive stimulation. The amplitude of the fast EPSP was potentiated during paired-pulse stimulation at interstimulus intervals between 30 and 200 ms and occasionally depressed at intervals of 10-20 ms.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: Postsynaptic potentials mediated by excitatory and inhibitory amino acids in interneurons of stratum pyramidale of the XXXX region of @entity35 hippocampal slices in vitro.

entities_list: @entity1024 :: ('CHEBI:31882', 'Chemical') :: ['N-methyl-D-aspartate']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity1027 :: ('MESH:D001640', 'Chemical') :: ['bicuculline']

entities_list: @entity1023 :: ('MESH:D018750', 'Chemical') :: ['CNQX', '6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3- dione']

entities_list: @entity19666 :: ('MESH:C052329', 'Chemical') :: ['phaclofen']

answer: @entity1249 :: (310218(Tax:10116),Gene) :: ['CA1']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 4158 Background: There are no drugs that have accepted response rates for unresectable @entity201 and the presence of underlying @entity82 in about 80 % of @entity1 with @entity157 , makes regional chemotherapy hazardous. New chemotherapeutic agents need to be identified that are less toxic to the liver that has already been damaged by chronic @entity99 or @entity82 . METHOD: @entity136 was evaluated for its safety and effectiveness in 44 pts with CC and 30 pts with @entity157 , with @entity648 grade I hematologic @entity137 was seen in any pt. No pt went into irreversible @entity1578 . However, 8 of 30 pts with @entity157 had transient elevations of @entity648 . No pts with CC had any hepatic @entity137 . RESULTS: CT responses were often difficult to estimate for CC, since central lesions were often ill-defined on any non-invasive radiologic study. However, 8 CC pts are alive > 24 mo, 15 pts are alive at 12-24 mo, 14 pts died at 6-12 mo and 7 pts died at 6 mo. Currently, 6 pts have died, all > 3 mo and < 9 mo and all from @entity5 progression. CONCLUSIONS: these initial results show that @entity3375 with @entity136 is safe, even in the liver with @entity82 , provided that the starting @entity648 is < 1.5 mg/dL and can result in partial responses. It looks particularly interesting for pts with unresectable CC. Longer follow-up will determine the survival effects. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: @entity136 by hepatic artery chemoembolization for unresectable @entity157 ( XXXX ) and @entity201 ( @entity201 ).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity648 :: ('MESH:D001663', 'Chemical') :: ['bilirubin']

entities_list: @entity1578 :: ('MESH:D017093', 'Disease') :: ['liver failure']

entities_list: @entity201 :: ('MESH:D018281', 'Disease') :: ['cholangiocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatitis']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['Gemcitabine']

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['HCC']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To demonstrate short-term effectiveness and long-term efficacy of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) with or without adjunctive therapy in treatment of @entity4264 ( @entity4264 ). BACKGROUND: Recently, PTA with or without adjunctive therapy has evolved as first-line therapy for @entity4264 . Despite growing evidence for PTA with or without adjunctive therapy, there are little data reflecting its short- and long-term outcomes. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 14 consecutive @entity1 undergoing PTA with or without adjunctive therapy for @entity4264 , between July 2001 and September 2009. RESULTS: A total of 14 @entity1 (nine @entity1 ; mean age, 49    15 years) with @entity4264 underwent attempted @entity865 with or without adjunctive therapy. Causes of @entity4264 were indwelling catheters or pacemaker wires (n = 5), idiopathic (n = 5), @entity531 (n = 2), and @entity5 -related @entity715 (n = 2). Obstruction of the @entity6480 involved inflow branches in 86% of @entity1 (n = 12). PTA with or without adjunctive therapy was attempted in all 14 @entity1 and was angiographically successful in 93% (n = 13). PTA and stenting was performed in eight (57%) @entity1 ; three (21%) @entity1 had PTA with thrombectomy/thrombolysis; one (7%) @entity1 had PTA alone; and one (7%) @entity1 had thrombectomy/thrombolysis alone. Symptom relief was seen in 86% (n = 12), and initial patency was 90%. There were no procedural complications. Mean follow-up was 12 months, and no @entity204 were reported. In the 11 (79%) @entity1 with follow-up imaging, nine (82%) @entity1 showed patency and two (18%) had residual symptoms, with one @entity1 undergoing surgery. CONCLUSIONS: PTA with adjunctive endovascular stent therapy for @entity4264 is safe and effective at giving both rapid and sustained symptom relief.

title: Single center experience with percutaneous endovascular repair of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4264 :: ('MESH:D013479', 'Disease') :: ['superior vena cava syndrome', 'SVCS']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity531 :: ('MESH:D013901', 'Disease') :: ['thoracic outlet syndrome']

answer: @entity4264 :: (MESH:D013479,Disease) :: ['superior vena cava syndrome']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity102 management presents enormous challenges to the primary care workforce because of the rising epidemic of cardiovascular risk factors. The chronic care model was proven effective in improving chronic disease outcomes in developed countries, but there is little evidence of its effectiveness in developing countries. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the EMPOWER-PAR intervention (multifaceted chronic disease management strategies based on the chronic care model) in improving outcomes for @entity6 and @entity101 using readily available resources in the Malaysian public primary care setting. This paper presents the study protocol. METHODS/DESIGN: A pragmatic cluster randomised controlled trial using participatory action research is underway in 10 public primary care clinics in Selangor and Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Five clinics were randomly selected to provide the EMPOWER-PAR intervention for 1 year and another five clinics continued with usual care. Each clinic consecutively recruits @entity6 and @entity101 @entity1 fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria over a 2-week period. The EMPOWER-PAR intervention consists of creating/strengthening a multidisciplinary chronic disease management team, training the team to use the Global Cardiovascular Risks Self-Management Booklet to support @entity1 care and reinforcing the use of relevant clinical practice guidelines for management and prescribing. For @entity6 , the primary outcome is the change in the proportion of @entity1 achieving @entity4051 c   <   6.5%. For @entity101 without @entity6 , the primary outcome is the change in the proportion of @entity1 achieving blood pressure <   140/90 mmHg. Secondary outcomes include the proportion of @entity1 achieving targets for serum lipid profile, body mass index and waist circumference. Other outcome measures include medication adherence levels, process of care and prescribing patterns. @entity1 ' assessment of their chronic disease care and providers' perceptions, attitudes and perceived barriers in care delivery and cost-effectiveness of the intervention are also evaluated. DISCUSSION: Results from this study will provide objective evidence of the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a multifaceted intervention based on the chronic care model in resource-constrained public primary care settings. The evidence should instigate crucial primary care system change in Malaysia. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01545401.

title: Study protocol of EMPOWER Participatory Action Research (EMPOWER-PAR): a pragmatic cluster randomised controlled trial of multifaceted chronic disease management strategies to improve @entity6 and XXXX outcomes in primary care.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['type 2 diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic disease']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertension']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Cancer-related @entity448 is traditionally considered part of a complex but ill-defined @entity3085 in which @entity448 is intimately associated with other @entity344 and @entity353 . We surveyed @entity5 @entity1 with @entity448 to learn more about the relationship between @entity448 and these symptoms. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A 22-item GI questionnaire assessed the severity of @entity448 and the prevalence of concurrent @entity344 , including taste changes, food aversions, altered sense of smell, and diurnal food intake changes. The relationship between @entity448 severity and anticancer therapy and prior menstrual or pregnancy-related appetite changes was also assessed. RESULTS: Ninety-five of 101 @entity1 with @entity448 surveyed had complete data. Seventy-eight percent of them had moderate or severe @entity448 . Abnormal diurnal appetite variation, taste changes, and food aversions were present in over 50% of all those with @entity448 . Judged by the numerical rating scale, the worse the @entity448 , the more prevalent were early satiety, @entity1142 , @entity391 , and food aversions. Those with more severe @entity448 had greater @entity353 , and worse performance status. @entity448 severity did not correlate with that during prior menses/pregnancy or antitumor therapy. CONCLUSIONS: Evaluation of multiple other @entity344 is important in understanding the total experience of @entity5 . Early satiety, taste changes, food aversions, and altered sense of smell are important accompanying @entity344 . Most @entity448 tools do not assess these commonly associated @entity344 . Future research should develop a comprehensive @entity448 symptom questionnaire.

title: Components of the @entity3085 : gastrointestinal symptom correlates of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'cancer anorexia']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity3085 :: ('MESH:D002100', 'Disease') :: ['anorexia-cachexia syndrome']

entities_list: @entity448 :: ('MESH:D000855', 'Disease') :: ['validated anorexia', 'Anorexia', 'anorexia']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['GI symptoms', 'gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms']

entities_list: @entity1142 :: ('MESH:D003248', 'Disease') :: ['constipation']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer anorexia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study assesses outcome in pediatric @entity1 with skin abscess using the LOOP compared to the standard incision and drainage (I_D) with packing method. METHODS: This retrospective study used ICD-9 codes to identify pediatric @entity1 aged 0 to 17 years with a skin abscess presenting to a level I pediatric trauma @entity341 ( @entity341 ). @entity1 requiring surgical debridement were excluded; as were @entity1 with abscesses on the face, scalp, hands or feet. The primary outcome was failure rate, defined as those requiring admission, intravenous antibiotics, or repeat drainage. RESULTS: Over a 1-year period there were 233 pediatric abscesses identified: 79 cases (34%) treated with the LOOP technique and 154 cases with standard I_D (66%). The overall mean age of @entity1 was 6.2 yrs: @entity1 in the LOOP group were younger than those in the standard group, 4.4 vs 7.1 years respectively (P = .001). Abscess location also differed between the two groups; however they had a similar gender distribution and mean temperature. Of the cases identified by chart review, clinical outcome could be assessed in 143 @entity1 (61%): 52 (36%) @entity1 with LOOP vs 91 (64%) with I_D. Failure rate was 1.4% in the LOOP group and 10.5% in the standard I_D (P < .030). CONCLUSION: There was a significant difference in failure rate between the LOOP and the standard I_D groups. A prospective randomized trial is needed to confirm these results, but this novel technique shows promise as an alternative to I_D with packing in the management of skin abscesses in pediatric @entity341 @entity1 .

title: The loop technique: a novel incision and drainage technique in the treatment of skin abscesses in a pediatric XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['emergency department', 'ED']

answer: @entity341 :: (MESH:D004630,Disease) :: ['ED']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Much of prognostic implications of @entity943 storms remain unclear. OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the risk associated with electrical storm in @entity1 with defibrillators in the Multicenter Automatic Defibrillator Implantation Trial II (MADIT-II) study. METHODS: Electrical storm was defined as > or =3 episodes of @entity1165 ( @entity1165 ) or @entity2224 ( @entity2224 ) in 24 hours. RESULTS: Of the 719 @entity1 who received @entity299 ( @entity299 ) implants and had follow-up in the MADIT-II, 27 @entity1 (4%) had electrical storm, 142 (20%) had isolated episodes of @entity1165 / @entity2224 , and the remaining 550 @entity1 had no @entity299 -recorded @entity1165 events. Baseline clinical characteristics among the groups were similar. @entity1 who experienced electrical storm had a significantly higher risk of @entity204 . After adjustments for relevant clinical covariates, the hazard ratio (HR) for @entity204 in the first 3 months after the storm event was 17.8 (95% confidence interval [CI] 8.0 to 39.5, P <.01) in comparison with those with no @entity1165 / @entity2224 . This risk continued even after 3 months for those with electrical storm (HR of 3.5, 95% CI 1.2 to 9.8, P = .02). Study @entity1 with isolated @entity1165 / @entity2224 episodes also were at an increased risk of dying (HR = 2.5, 95% CI 1.5 to 4.0, P <.01) when compared with @entity1 without @entity1165 / @entity2224 episodes. Statistically significant predictors of electrical storm were interim postenrollment coronary events (myocardial infarction or angina) HR 3.1 (95% CI 1.2 to 8.1, P = .02) and isolated @entity1165 or @entity2224 HR 9.2 (95% CI 4.0 to 20.9, P <.01). CONCLUSION: Postinfarction @entity1 with severe @entity1002 in whom electrical storm developed have significantly higher mortality than @entity1 with only isolated @entity1165 / @entity2224 as well as those without any episodes of @entity1165 / @entity2224 . @entity1 who experienced postenrollment @entity943 and/or interim coronary events during follow-up were at higher risk for @entity1165 / @entity2224 storms.

title: @entity943 storms in postinfarction XXXX with implantable defibrillators for primary prevention indications: a MADIT-II substudy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['VT', 'ventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity2224 :: ('MESH:D014693', 'Disease') :: ['VF', 'ventricular fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['internal cardiac defibrillator', 'ICD']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular arrhythmia', 'ventricular arrhythmias']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular dysfunction']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: We studied 42 individuals, including 8 @entity1 with either complete or partial syndrome of mitochondrial @entity20066 ( @entity20066 ), 8 @entity1 with either complete or partial syndrome of @entity27379 ( @entity27379 ) and 26 maternal family members who carried either the @entity23355 or @entity36611 mutation of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Clinical manifestations and prognosis were followed up in the @entity1 harboring the @entity23355 or @entity36611 mutation. The relationship between clinical features and proportions of mutant mtDNAs in muscle biopsies, blood cells and/or hair follicles was studied. In the 8 regularly followed @entity1 with the @entity23355 mutation, 4 died within 1 month to 7 years due to @entity159 and/or recurrent @entity64 -like episodes. Two @entity1 developed marked @entity1032 and 2 remained stationary. All of the @entity1 harboring the @entity36611 mutation were stable or deteriorated slightly, except for 1 @entity1 who died due to @entity75 after @entity6658 . The @entity23355 and @entity36611 mtDNA mutations were heteroplasmic in the muscle biopsies, blood cells and hair follicles of both the probands and their maternal family members. The mean proportion of @entity23355 mutant mtDNA in the muscle biopsies of the @entity1 with @entity20066 (68.5 +/- 21.3%, range 33-92%) was significantly higher than that of the asymptomatic family members (37.1 +/- 12.6%, range 0-51%). The average proportions of @entity36611 mutant mtDNA in the muscle biopsies (90.1 +/- 3.9%, range 89-95%) and hair follicles (93.9 +/- 6.4%, range 84-99%) of the @entity1 with @entity27379 were also significantly higher than those of the asymptomatic family members (muscle: 40.3 +/- 39.5%, range 1-80%; hair follicles: 51.0 +/- 44.5%, range 0.1-82%). We concluded that measurement of the proportion of mutant mtDNA in muscle biopsies may provide useful information in the identification of symptomatic @entity1 with mitochondrial @entity17903 . For @entity1 with the @entity23355 mutation, the prognosis was related to @entity159 and the number of recurrent @entity64 -like episodes and was much worse than for @entity1 with the @entity36611 mutation of mtDNA, who had stable or slowly deteriorating clinical courses.

title: Clinical phenotype, prognosis and mitochondrial DNA mutation load in mitochondrial XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity20066 :: ('MESH:D017241', 'Disease') :: ['myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes', 'MELAS', 'MELAS syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['mental deterioration']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain herniation']

entities_list: @entity17903 :: ('MESH:D017237', 'Disease') :: ['encephalomyopathies']

entities_list: @entity6658 :: ('MESH:D020146', 'Disease') :: ['putaminal hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity27379 :: ('MESH:D017243', 'Disease') :: ['MERRF', 'MERRF syndrome', 'myoclonic epilepsy with ragged-red fibers']

entities_list: @entity159 :: ('MESH:D013226', 'Disease') :: ['status epilepticus']

answer: @entity17903 :: (MESH:D017237,Disease) :: ['encephalomyopathies']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of plasma level-targeted dose @entity2645 and high-dose @entity906 in @entity308 inpatients in a randomized double-blind study. METHODS: The study included 85 @entity1 with a diagnosis of major @entity308 according to the DSM IV criteria and a 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for @entity308 (HAM-D) score >=  17. @entity1 were randomized to @entity2645 or @entity906 . The dose of @entity2645 was adjusted for each @entity1 to a predefined blood level of 200-300 ng/ml. The dose of @entity906 was increased gradually to 300-375 mg/day. Efficacy was evaluated after 7 weeks of treatment. RESULTS: The mean age of the study group was 54.5 (range 29-82) years. There was no significant difference according to the primary outcome criterion of a >= 50% reduction on the HAM-D score: 17 of 43 (39.5%) @entity1 on @entity2645 were responders compared to 21 of 42 (50%) @entity1 on @entity906 . When considering remission as outcome criterion (HAM-D score  <= 7), 10 of 43 (23.3%) @entity1 on @entity2645 were remitters compared to 15 of 42 (35.7%) @entity1 on @entity906 ; again, no significant difference. When analysing a subpopulation of @entity1 without @entity716 features, with remission as outcome criterion, a significant difference was found: 5 of 34 (14.7%) @entity1 on @entity2645 were remitters compared to 12 of 31 (38.7%) @entity1 on @entity906 . CONCLUSIONS: The present study used optimal doses in @entity308 inpatients and showed that @entity906 is at least equal in efficacy to @entity2645 . The results in the subgroup without @entity716 features indicate a possible superiority of @entity906 .

title: A double-blind randomized study comparing plasma level-targeted dose @entity2645 and high-dose XXXX in @entity308 inpatients.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression', 'depressed', 'depressive episode']

entities_list: @entity2645 :: ('MESH:D007099', 'Chemical') :: ['imipramine']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychotic']

entities_list: @entity906 :: ('MESH:C047426', 'Chemical') :: ['venlafaxine']

answer: @entity906 :: (MESH:C047426,Chemical) :: ['venlafaxine']


abstract: Cell adhesion molecules are critical in monocyte (MN) recruitment in immune-mediated and @entity1503 . We investigated the novel role of recombinant @entity1 migration inhibitory factor (rhMIF) in up-regulating @entity4725 ( @entity4725 ) and @entity2071 ( @entity2071 ) and their signaling pathways in @entity1 MNs. rhMIF-induced expression of @entity4725 and @entity2071 was significantly higher compared with nonstimulated MNs. rhMIF induced MN @entity4725 and @entity2071 expression in a concentration-dependent manner (P < .05). Antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) and inhibitors of @entity7242 , @entity10412 , @entity3963 , and @entity2451 significantly reduced rhMIF-induced MN @entity4725 and @entity2071 expression (P < .05). However, @entity1366 and @entity4016 were not involved. Silencing RNA directed against @entity6785 , and inhibitors of @entity7242 , @entity10412 , @entity2451 , anti- @entity4725 , and anti- @entity2071 significantly inhibited rhMIF-induced adhesion of HL-60 cells to @entity1 dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HMVECs) or an endothelial cell line, HMEC-1, in cell adhesion assays, suggesting the functional significance of @entity6785 -induced adhesion molecules (P < .05). rhMIF also activated MN phospho- @entity7242 , -Akt, and - @entity2451 in a time-dependent manner. rhMIF induced @entity4725 and @entity2071 up-regulation in 12 hours via @entity7242 , @entity10412 , and @entity2451 as shown by Western blotting and immunofluorescence. @entity6785 and @entity6785 -dependent signaling pathways may be a potential target for treating diseases characterized by up-regulation of cell adhesion molecules.

title: Migration inhibitory factor up-regulates vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 via XXXX , PI3 kinase, and @entity2451 .

entities_list: @entity4725 :: ('7412', 'Gene') :: ['vascular cell adhesion molecule-1', 'VCAM-1']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['hematologic diseases']

entities_list: @entity2071 :: ('3383', 'Gene') :: ['ICAM-1', 'intercellular adhesion molecule-1']

answer: @entity7242 :: (6714,Gene) :: ['Src']


abstract: BACKGROUND: There is a high incidence of @entity323 after @entity1566 . This can have a profound effect on quality of life. Treatment options for @entity323 include @entity7855 , intracavernous injections of @entity3302 / @entity5015 (Caverject), @entity5015 / @entity3302 / @entity5521 ("Triple Mix"), transurethral suppository (MUSE), surgically implanted prosthetic device and vacuum erection devices. However, physical impairments and accessibility may preclude @entity1 self-utilization of non-oral treatments. METHODS: The costs and @entity323 treatments in a @entity1566 population were examined in a cost-utility analysis conducted from a government payer perspective. Subjects with @entity1566 (n=59) reported health preferences using the standard gamble technique. RESULTS: There was a higher health preference for oral therapy. The cost-effectiveness results indicated that @entity7855 was the dominant economic strategy when compared with surgically implanted prosthetic devices, MUSE(R) and Caverject. The incremental cost-utility ratios comparing @entity7855 with triple mix and vacuum erection devices favoured @entity7855 , with ratios less than CAN 20,000 per quality adjusted life year gained. CONCLUSION: Based on this study, we conclude that @entity7855 is a cost-effective treatment for @entity323 in the @entity1566 population.

title: XXXX in @entity1566 : a cost-utility analysis.

entities_list: @entity323 :: ('MESH:D007172', 'Disease') :: ['erectile dysfunction', 'utilities of oral and non-oral erectile dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity5521 :: ('MESH:D010646', 'Chemical') :: ['phentolamine']

entities_list: @entity7855 :: ('MESH:C101426', 'Chemical') :: ['sildenafil']

entities_list: @entity5015 :: ('MESH:D000527', 'Chemical') :: ['alprostadil']

entities_list: @entity3302 :: ('MESH:D010208', 'Chemical') :: ['papaverine']

entities_list: @entity1566 :: ('MESH:D013119', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord injury']

answer: @entity323 :: (MESH:D007172,Disease) :: ['Erectile dysfunction']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity933 or acute @entity911 state is an acute @entity146 , with varied @entity73 . However, no comprehensive studies about this common condition have been carried out in India. OBJECTIVES: To assess @entity73 in @entity933 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty cases of @entity933 including @entity933 and 40 other @entity1 ( @entity146 @entity1 ) were studied as controls. Cognitive status estimation test, mini mental state examination and memorial @entity933 assessment scale were administered to each @entity1 . All assessments were carried out three times in 24 hour cycle of day and night. The data was analysed using two sample independent t-test. RESULTS: The mean age (standard deviation) of study and control group was 27.85 (13.73) and 33.10 (11.26) years respectively. 70% @entity1 had @entity2915 while 30% were having hypoactive @entity933 . @entity933 had more @entity73 compared to @entity2915 (p=0.001). The difference between highest and lowest score of MMSE in both types of @entity933 (day to night) was found to be statically significant (p=0.001). CONCLUSION: The fluctuation in intensity of cognitive symptoms varies from day to night in both types of @entity933 , but more in hypoactive @entity933 and wider fluctuation in @entity73 was noted in @entity933 cases with @entity716 .

title: Recognizing changes in cognition in sub types of acute XXXX state.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['neuropsychiatric syndrome', 'neuropsychiatric']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive dysfunctions', 'cognitive impairment']

entities_list: @entity2915 :: ('MESH:D006948', 'Disease') :: ['hyperactive delirium']

entities_list: @entity911 :: ('MESH:D003221', 'Disease') :: ['confusional']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychosis']

entities_list: @entity933 :: ('MESH:D003693', 'Disease') :: ['delirium', 'Delirium', 'hypoactive and hyperactive delirium', 'Hypoactive delirium']

answer: @entity911 :: (MESH:D003221,Disease) :: ['confusional']


abstract: Replacing dietary grass silage (GS) with @entity2829 silage (MS) and dietary fat supplements may reduce milk concentration of specific @entity1718 ( @entity10194 ) and can reduce @entity577 production by dairy @entity291 . The present study investigated the effect of feeding an extruded linseed supplement on milk @entity844 (FA) composition and @entity577 production of lactating dairy @entity291 , and whether basal forage type, in diets formulated for similar neutral detergent fiber and starch, altered the response to the extruded linseed supplement. Four mid-lactation Holstein-Friesian @entity291 were fed diets as total mixed rations, containing either high proportions of MS or GS, both with or without extruded linseed supplement, in a 4*4 Latin square design experiment with 28-d periods. Diets contained 500 g of forage/kg of @entity62 ( @entity62 ) containing MS and GS in proportions ( @entity62 basis) of either 75:25 or 25:75 for high MS or high GS diets, respectively. Extruded linseed supplement (275 g/kg ether extract, @entity62 basis) was included in treatment diets at 50 g/kg of @entity62 . Milk yields, @entity62 intake, milk composition, and @entity577 production were measured at the end of each experimental period when @entity291 were housed in respiration chambers. Whereas @entity62 intake was higher for the MS-based diet, forage type and extruded linseed had no significant effect on milk yield, milk fat, protein, or @entity1132 concentration, @entity577 production, or @entity577 per kilogram of @entity62 intake or milk yield. Total milk fat @entity10194 concentrations were lower with MS compared with GS-based diets (65.4 vs. 68.4 g/100 g of FA, respectively) and with extruded linseed compared with no extruded linseed (65.2 vs. 68.6 g/100 g of FA, respectively), and these effects were additive. Concentrations of total trans FA were higher with MS compared with GS-based diets (7.0 vs. 5.4 g/100 g of FA, respectively) and when extruded linseed was fed (6.8 vs. 5. 6g/100 g of FA, respectively). Total n-3 FA were higher when extruded linseed was fed compared with no extruded linseed (1.2 vs. 0.8 g/100 g of FA, respectively), whereas total n-6 polyunsaturated FA were higher when feeding MS compared with GS (2.5 vs. 2.1 g/100 g of FA, respectively). Feeding extruded linseed and MS both provided potentially beneficial decreases in @entity10194 concentration of milk, and no significant interactions were found between extruded linseed supplementation and forage type. However, both MS and extruded linseed increased trans FA concentration in milk fat. Neither MS nor extruded linseed had significant effects on @entity577 production or yield, but the amounts of supplemental lipid provided by extruded linseed were relatively small.

title: Effects of forage type and extruded linseed supplementation on @entity577 production and milk XXXX composition of lactating dairy @entity291 .

entities_list: @entity844 :: ('CHEBI:35366', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity577 :: ('MESH:D008697', 'Chemical') :: ['methane']

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['DM', 'dry matter']

entities_list: @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['saturated fatty acids']

answer: @entity844 :: (CHEBI:35366,Chemical) :: ['fatty acid']


abstract: @entity3064 has few known virulence factors and yet causes a variety of @entity1292 . Many gram-negative bacteria are directly killed by complement, but we hypothesized that A. baumannii would be resistant to serum killing. A serum bactericidal assay assessed the resistance of seven A. baumannii isolates to serum killing, and @entity1605 serum was used to examine its activation of the alternative pathway. Flow cytometry was utilized to determine whether complement regulator @entity28236 ( @entity28236 ) was bound by A. baumannii, and to assay C3 deposition on cells. A microtiter biofilm assay compared biofilm production among isolates. Of seven isolates, four were serum sensitive and three were serum resistant. The @entity1605 serum demonstrated that A. baumannii can activate the alternative pathway. None of the isolates bound @entity28236 . Serum-resistant strains accumulated little C3 when exposed to human serum, while sensitive strains had a high amount of surface C3 deposition. Biofilm production varied extensively among strains. Most serum-resistant isolates formed a substantial amount of biofilm, while sensitive isolates produced negligible amounts of biofilm. Our data indicate that some strains of A. baumannii are resistant to serum killing and produce biofilms and by understanding the resistance mechanisms used by this bacterium, we can further elucidate its complex pathogenicity.

title: Serum resistance and biofilm formation in clinical isolates of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1292 :: ('MESH:D009894', 'Disease') :: ['opportunistic infections']

entities_list: @entity3064 :: ('470', 'Species') :: ['Acinetobacter baumannii']

answer: @entity3064 :: (470,Species) :: ['Acinetobacter baumannii']


abstract: Immunohistochemical expression of @entity876 , Bc12, @entity2277 , and @entity4483 protein-positive Langerhans cell was evaluated in 50 @entity1204 (6 stage I, 14 stage II, 20 stage III, and 10 stage IV), in an attempt to use these markers as predictors of survival. Monoclonal antibodies to @entity876 , @entity588 , @entity2277 , and @entity4483 proteins were applied to paraffin-embedded sections of @entity1204 , using the avidin- @entity1885 peroxidase complex technique (ABC). All 20 @entity1 with @entity5 were alive with a mean follow-up of 3 years. Of 30 @entity1 with @entity5 , 13 died of @entity5 (3-year survival, 57%; SE, 10%), eight were alive with @entity5 , and nine were alive with no evidence of @entity5 (mean follow-up, 46 months). Strong @entity876 positivity was present in 11 @entity189 (22%), including nine high-stage and two @entity5 . @entity588 positivity was identified in 33 @entity5 (66%). These @entity5 were mostly low stage; however, no correlation was found between @entity588 expression and prognosis. @entity2277 positivity (P < .001), and @entity5 infiltration by a large number of @entity4483 protein-positive Langerhans cells (P < .05) were associated with @entity5 . @entity2277 was expressed in 23 @entity189 , including 70% of @entity5 and 20% of high-stage @entity5 . Most high-grade @entity189 were Langerhans cell depleted; most low-grade @entity189 showed >50 @entity4483 protein-positive Langerhans cells/10 high-power fields. Our results indicate that Langerhans cell infiltration and @entity2277 positivity of @entity5 cells are favorable prognostic factors in @entity1204 .

title: Prognostic significance of @entity876 , XXXX , @entity2277 , and @entity4483 protein-positive Langerhans cells in @entity1204 .

entities_list: @entity1204 :: ('MESH:D016889', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial adenocarcinoma', 'endometrial carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'stage III and IV carcinomas', 'stage I and II carcinomas', 'low-stage tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomas']

answer: @entity588 :: (596,Gene) :: ['bcl-2']


abstract: Examined were @entity13766 -deficient @entity19 to clarify the contribution of macrophages via @entity1750 ( @entity1750 or @entity1750 )/ @entity13766 signaling to the pathogenesis of @entity8 . Also evaluated was the therapeutic effects via the inhibition of @entity1750 / @entity13766 signaling with propagermanium (3-oxygermylpropionic acid polymer) and @entity62308 . Renal artery and vein of the left kidney were occluded with a vascular clamp for 60 min. A large number of infiltrated cells and marked @entity4295 in outer medulla after @entity8 was observed. @entity63 -reperfusion induced the expression of @entity1750 mRNA and protein in injured kidneys, followed by @entity13766 -positive macrophages in interstitium in wild-type @entity19 . The expression of @entity1750 was decreased in @entity13766 -deficient @entity19 compared with wild-type @entity19 . The number of interstitial infiltrated macrophages was markedly smaller in the @entity13766 -deficient @entity19 after @entity63 -reperfusion. @entity13766 -deficient @entity19 decreased the number of interstitial inducible @entity842 synthase-positive cells after @entity63 -reperfusion. The area of @entity4295 in @entity13766 -deficient @entity19 was significantly lower than that of wild-type @entity19 after @entity63 -reperfusion. In addition, @entity13766 -deficient @entity19 diminished KC, @entity9701 , epithelial cell-derived neutrophil-activating peptide 78, and neutrophil-activating peptide 2 expression compared with wild-type @entity19 accompanied with the reduction of interstitial granulocyte infiltration. Similarly, @entity60287 and @entity62308 reduced the number of interstitial infiltrated cells and @entity4295 up to 96 h after @entity63 -reperfusion injury. These results revealed that @entity1750 via @entity13766 signaling plays a key role in the pathogenesis of @entity8 through infiltration and activation of macrophages, and it offers a therapeutic target for @entity63 -reperfusion.

title: @entity13766 signaling contributes to XXXX -reperfusion injury in kidney.

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal ischemia-reperfusion injury']

entities_list: @entity1750 :: ('20296(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['monocyte chemoattractant protein 1', 'CCL2', 'MCP-1']

entities_list: @entity4295 :: ('MESH:D007683', 'Disease') :: ['acute tubular necrosis', 'tubular necrosis']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['Ischemia', 'ischemia']

entities_list: @entity9701 :: ('20310(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['macrophage inflammatory protein 2']

entities_list: @entity60287 :: ('MESH:C066750', 'Chemical') :: ['propagermanium']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['ischemia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Erysipelas is a bacterial infection of the dermis and hypodermis, mostly of streptococcal origin. @entity13171 represents a severe form of the disease. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical and microbiological characteristics and treatment of @entity13171 . METHODS: @entity1 with a diagnosis of @entity13171 who were treated at the Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Heraklion, Crete, Greece, between the years 1996 and 2001 were retrospectively studied. RESULTS: Fourteen @entity1 (11 @entity1 , 3 @entity1 ) with @entity13171 were evaluated. The lesions were located on the legs and face in 9 and 4 @entity1 , respectively. The median duration of disease before hospital admission was 4 days. Eight @entity1 had @entity221 at presentation. Local @entity130 and various lesions were common causes for pathogen entry. The initial empirical antibiotic treatment included intravenous @entity7660 and was modified according to the sensitivities of the isolated strains. @entity794 was isolated from 7 (50%), while @entity15029 , @entity4195 and @entity526 grew from the lesions of 3 other @entity1 . Six out of 7 @entity794 strains were methicillin resistant ( @entity794 ) but susceptible to several other non- @entity3405 antibiotics such as @entity5176 , @entity2176 , @entity1215 and @entity206 / @entity207 . CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that @entity794 is frequently involved in and probably contributes in synergy with beta-hemolytic streptococci to the complicated course of @entity13171 . The frequency of @entity794 isolation suggests that @entity3405 antibiotics may not be sufficient for the treatment of @entity13171 anymore, at least in areas with a high incidence of @entity794 strains. The role of other classes of antibiotics providing adequate coverage for @entity794 has to be evaluated in prospective clinical trials.

title: XXXX : clinical presentation, staphylococcal involvement and methicillin resistance.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'women', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2176 :: ('MESH:D014640', 'Chemical') :: ['vancomycin']

entities_list: @entity3405 :: ('CHEBI:35627', 'Chemical') :: ['beta-lactam']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

entities_list: @entity5176 :: ('MESH:D015363', 'Chemical') :: ['quinolones']

entities_list: @entity13171 :: ('MESH:D004886', 'Disease') :: ['Bullous erysipelas', 'bullous erysipelas']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus', 'MRSA', 'S. aureus']

entities_list: @entity7660 :: ('MESH:D047090', 'Chemical') :: ['beta-lactams']

entities_list: @entity4195 :: ('1314', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus pyogenes']

entities_list: @entity206 :: ('MESH:D014295', 'Chemical') :: ['trimethoprim']

entities_list: @entity1215 :: ('MESH:D012293', 'Chemical') :: ['rifampicin']

entities_list: @entity207 :: ('MESH:D013420', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfamethoxazole']

answer: @entity13171 :: (MESH:D004886,Disease) :: ['Bullous erysipelas']


abstract: AIMS: To provide a large database of pre-operative @entity10224 levels which may predict inappropriate cytoreductive surgery in @entity1 with @entity43 . METHODS: A multicenter review of the records of 424 @entity1 with FIGO stage III and @entity43 of @entity1 who underwent primary cytoreductive surgery was performed. The validity of pre-operative @entity10224 level measurement as a single predictor of the possibility to achieve only suboptimal cytoreduction was evaluated by calculating the sensitivity and the specificity of various cut-off values. The relative importance of different cut-off values in achieving the best predictive validity was assessed by a receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve. RESULTS: Optimal cytoreduction (largest diameter of @entity5 < or =1 cm) was achieved in 242 @entity1 . The median @entity10224 level in optimally cytoreduced @entity1 was lower than in those @entity1 suboptimally debulked (304 vs 863 U/mL; p<0.001). The area under the ROC curve was 0.65 (95% confidence interval, 0.60-0.71) and the @entity10224 threshold derived from the ROC was 400 U/mL. The accuracy of the test at this level was 62%. CONCLUSIONS: The clinical applicability of the ROC derived @entity10224 threshold is limited. The data accrued in the study provides a basis for decision-making regarding the place of primary surgery various @entity10224 levels.

title: A multicenter study of @entity10224 level as a predictor of non-optimal primary cytoreduction of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['advanced epithelial ovarian cancer', 'IV epithelial ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['residual tumour']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['advanced epithelial ovarian cancer']


abstract: Bayesian segregation analyses were used to investigate the mode of inheritance of @entity75 ( @entity6995 , OC) in @entity1707 . Data consisted of 1163 animals with OC and their pedigrees included 2891 animals. Mixed-inheritance threshold models (MITM) and several variants of MITM, in conjunction with Markov chain Monte Carlo methods, were developed for the analysis of these (categorical) data. Results showed major genes with significant and substantially higher variances (range 1.384-37.81), compared to the polygenic variance (sigmau2). Consequently, heritabilities for a mixed inheritance (range 0.65-0.90) were much higher than the heritabilities from the polygenes. Disease allele frequencies range was 0.38-0.88. Additional analyses estimating the transmission probabilities of the major gene showed clear evidence for Mendelian segregation of a major gene affecting @entity6995 . The variants, MITM with informative prior on sigmau2, showed significant improvement in marginal distributions and accuracy of parameters. MITM with a "reduced polygenic model" for parameterization of polygenic effects avoided convergence problems and poor mixing encountered in an "individual polygenic model." In all cases, "shrinkage estimators" for fixed effects avoided unidentifiability for these parameters. The mixed-inheritance linear model (MILM) was also applied to all OC lesions and compared with the MITM. This is the first study to report evidence of major genes for @entity75 in @entity1707 ; these results may also form a basis for underpinning the genetic inheritance of this disease in other animals as well as in @entity1 .

title: Evidence of a major gene from Bayesian segregation analyses of liability to osteochondral diseases in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['osteochondral lesions']

entities_list: @entity6995 :: ('MESH:D055034', 'Disease') :: ['osteochondrosis']

answer: @entity1707 :: (9823,Species) :: ['pigs']


abstract: Leakage at the urethrovesical @entity254 in the post-operative period can result in morbidity including ileus. We examined the effectiveness of using a fibrin sealant at the @entity254 to limit urine leakage thereby facilitating earlier Jackson-Pratt drain and Foley catheter removal following robotic assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy (RALRP). Forty consecutive @entity1 underwent RALRP by one surgeon at our institution. The first 20 @entity1 underwent standard operation and served as the control group. The subsequent 20 @entity1 underwent the same operation with addition of fibrin sealant following a running absorbable sutured urethrovesical @entity254 . The two groups were compared for age (60.5 vs. 58.2  years), pre-operative PSA (5.23 vs. 4.71), Gleason score (6.3 vs. 6.5), stage at resection, and prostate size at resection (51.7 vs. 47.7  g). Wilcoxon rank sum test determined no statistically significant differences in the groups. @entity1 in the fibrin sealant group had 1.3 versus 2.1  days with a Jackson-Pratt drain, 9.75 versus 12.1  days with a catheter, and an average of 38.6 versus 63.2  cc of drainage per shift. Catheters were removed when a cystogram demonstrated no extravasation of contrast. Two @entity1 in the control group and no @entity1 in the fibrin sealant group had large-volume leakage and ileus post-operatively. In @entity1 undergoing RALRP, application of fibrin sealant at the urethrovesical @entity254 appears to facilitate sealing, thereby allowing earlier removal of the JP drain, by 0.8  days, and the Foley catheter, by 2.35  days, than in controls. No @entity1 in the fibrin sealant group suffered post-operative ileus. This adjunct may be especially useful early in the learning process to reduce morbidity.

title: Application of fibrin sealant at the urethrovesical XXXX in robotic assisted radical prostatectomy: does it enable earlier Foley catheter and Jackson-Pratt drain removal?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

answer: @entity254 :: (MESH:C563598,Disease) :: ['anastomosis']


abstract: Intraductal @entity4929 (IPNs) of the biliary tract are uncommon lesions that may be solitary or may spread extensively along the biliary tree. Some biliary IPNs are histologically and radiologically similar to @entity5 ( @entity5 ) of the pancreas and present a risk for progression to invasive @entity201 . Unlike pancreatic @entity5 , little is known about their molecular pathogenesis. We studied 14 biliary IPNs (including 5 cases with associated invasive @entity201 ) for genetic alterations in the @entity1412 / @entity3546 pathway, @entity984 oncogene mutations, @entity876 /chromosome 17p alterations, and @entity1594 /18q alterations. Immunohistochemistry was performed for @entity3546 , @entity876 , and @entity1594 , and microdissected tissue was analyzed using direct DNA sequencing for exon 1 of @entity984 and exon 3 of @entity3546 and allelic loss assays on chromosomes 5q, 17p, and 18q. Activating mutations in codon 12 of the @entity984 oncogene were present in 4 of 14 (29%) biliary IPNs. Of these 4 cases, 2 @entity1 had associated invasive @entity201 , and identical @entity984 mutations were present in both the intraductal and invasive components. Allelic loss on chromosome 18q was present in 4 of 13 informative cases (31%); however, no loss of normal @entity1594 expression was detected by immunohistochemistry. Nuclear accumulation of @entity3546 protein was demonstrated in 3 of 12 cases (25%); however, there were no @entity3546 gene mutations, and allelic loss on 5q was present in only 1 of 10 informative cases (10%). Both immunohistochemistry for @entity876 and 17p allelic loss assays were negative. Biliary IPNs therefore demonstrate a @entity984 gene mutation frequency that is lower than that previously reported for pancreatic @entity5 , but similar to that reported for @entity99 . The presence of @entity984 mutations in 2 purely intraductal @entity5 , and identical @entity984 mutations in 2 cases with both intraductal and invasive components, suggests that these mutations arise early in tumorigenesis. Finally, the frequency of allelic loss on 18q suggests that a locus on 18q is involved in the molecular pathogenesis of biliary IPNs, but this locus is not @entity1594 .

title: Molecular and immunohistochemical analysis of XXXX of the biliary tract.

entities_list: @entity4929 :: ('MESH:C565310', 'Disease') :: ['papillary neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplasms', 'IPMNs', 'intraductal papillary mucinous tumors']

entities_list: @entity201 :: ('MESH:D018281', 'Disease') :: ['cholangiocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic cholangiocarcinomas']

answer: @entity4929 :: (MESH:C565310,Disease) :: ['intraductal papillary neoplasms']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Few studies have examined the effects of on-treatment platelet reactivity on the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). We aimed to determine the optimal cutoff value of @entity3075 reaction units (PRUs) to prevent MACE occurring within 3days after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for @entity1187 ( @entity1187 ). METHODS: We performed post-hoc analyses of 1363 @entity1 enrolled in PRASFIT- @entity1187 , which compared the effects of a @entity3076 regimen adjusted for Japanese @entity1 (loading dose/maintenance dose: 20mg/3.75mg) with those of @entity1397 (300mg/75mg) on MACE and bleeding events for 24-48weeks after PCI in @entity1187 @entity1 . PRU was serially measured using the VerifyNow   @entity3075 assay and we assessed the relationship between PRU and MACE. RESULTS: Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that PRU  <=262 at 5-12h after @entity857 receptor antagonist loading was the optimal cutoff value for preventing MACE at up to 3days after PCI. The incidences of MACE were 5.2% and 10.8% in @entity1 with PRU  <=262 or >262, respectively (odds ratio 0.50, 95% confidence interval 0.25-0.99, p<0.01). Significantly more @entity3076 -treated @entity1 had lower on-treatment platelet reactivity (defined as PRU  <=262) compared with @entity1397 -treated @entity1 (79.9% vs. 30.4%, p<0.0001). Similar differences were observed between the @entity3076 and @entity1397 groups for @entity1 with normal or reduced-function @entity4433 alleles. CONCLUSIONS: The optimal PRU cutoff value for preventing MACE was 262 in Japanese @entity1187 @entity1 . @entity3076 rapidly reduced PRU with a large proportion of @entity1 having low on-treatment platelet reactivity.

title: Optimal cutoff value of XXXX reaction units to prevent major adverse cardiovascular events in the acute periprocedural period: Post-hoc analysis of the randomized PRASFIT- @entity1187 study.

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['ACS', 'acute coronary syndrome']

entities_list: @entity3076 :: ('MESH:C408153', 'Chemical') :: ['prasugrel', 'Prasugrel']

entities_list: @entity1397 :: ('MESH:C055162', 'Chemical') :: ['clopidogrel']

answer: @entity3075 :: (64805,Gene) :: ['P2Y12']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate in vivo if the increased @entity717 found in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)-deficient @entity1 before surgery is restored 2 years after the reconstruction, during 2 high-demanding activities. DESIGN: Prospective follow-up study. SETTING: A gait analysis laboratory. @entity1 : Nine subjects with unilateral ACL rupture, reconstructed with a @entity79 ( @entity79 ) graft, and 10 healthy control subjects. INTERVENTIONS: All the @entity1347 @entity1 underwent a unilateral ACL reconstruction after prereconstruction data acquisition. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: Using a 6-camera motion analysis system, kinematics were collected as subjects (1) descended from a stair and, after foot contact, pivoted on the landing leg at 90 degrees; and (2) jumped from a platform, landed with both feet on the ground and, after foot contact, pivoted on the right or left leg at 90 degrees in a similar fashion. The dependent variable examined was the maximum range of motion of @entity717 during the pivoting period. RESULTS: For both activities, no significant differences were found between the control healthy knee and the intact knee of the @entity1 group before and 2 years after the ACL reconstruction. Significant differences were found between the control healthy knee and the affected knee of the @entity1 group for both activities, both before and 2 years after the ACL reconstruction. CONCLUSION: The increased @entity717 found in the @entity1347 knees was not restored with reconstruction using a @entity79 graft, even 2 years postoperatively. The authors propose that this excessive @entity717 over time may lead to further deterioration of the knee resulting from abnormal loading at areas of the cartilage that are not commonly loaded in a healthy knee.

title: Follow-up evaluation 2 years after ACL reconstruction with XXXX graft shows that excessive @entity717 persists.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['tibial rotation']

entities_list: @entity1347 :: ('MESH:C537775', 'Disease') :: ['ACL-deficient']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone-patellar tendon-bone', 'BPTB']

answer: @entity79 :: (MESH:D001847,Disease) :: ['bone-patellar tendon-bone']


abstract: Contrast extravasation on computed tomography angiography (CTA) is rare but becoming more common, with increasing use of CTA for various cerebral @entity455 . We report on two cases of spontaneous @entity510 ( @entity510 ) in which the CTA showed an upper basilar trunk saccular lesion suggesting ruptured @entity439 . However, immediate subsequent digital subtraction angiography (DSA) failed to show a @entity455 . In one case, repeated follow up DSA was also negative. The @entity1 was treated conservatively and discharged without any @entity51 . In the other case, the @entity1 showed @entity1032 on the third hospital day and her brain CT showed rebleeding. The immediate follow up DSA showed contrast stagnation in the vicinity of the upper basilar artery, suggestive of @entity2849 . Double stents deployment at the disease segment was performed. Due to the frequent use of CTA, contrast extravasation is an increasingly common observation. Physicians should be aware that basilar artery extravasation can mimic the appearance of an @entity439 .

title: Contrast Extravasation on Computed Tomography Angiography Imitating a Basilar Artery Trunk Aneurysm in Subsequent Conventional Angiogram-Negative XXXX : Report of Two Cases with Different Clinical Courses.

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['sudden mental deterioration']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular lesion', 'vascular diseases']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['SAH', 'subarachnoid hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurologic deficit']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity2849 :: ('MESH:D017541', 'Disease') :: ['pseudoaneurysm']

answer: @entity510 :: (MESH:D013345,Disease) :: ['Subarachnoid Hemorrhage']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2012 is a rare disease associated with an increased risk of developing @entity5 . CASE PRESENTATION: We report the case of a 72-year-old @entity1 who was diagnosed with @entity2012 ( @entity442 770  ng/ml) and @entity0 . Four years before he suffered from a @entity694 . Pituitary surgery and @entity2390 -LAR treatment failed to control @entity2012 . Normalization of @entity442 (97  ng/ml) was obtained with pegvisomant therapy. Four years after @entity0 surgery, 2 pulmonary metastases were detected at chest CT. The @entity1 was started on @entity13558 , but, contrary to medical advice, he stopped pegvisomant treatment ( @entity442 453  ng/ml). Four months later, chest CT revealed an increase in size of the metastatic lesion of the left lung. The @entity1 was shifted from @entity13558 to @entity440 and was restarted on pegvisomant, with normalization of serum @entity442 levels (90  ng/ml). Four months later, a reduction in size of the metastatic lesion of the left lung was detected by CT. Subsequent CT scans throughout a 24-month follow-up showed a further reduction in size and then a stabilization of the @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report of a male @entity1 with @entity2012 and @entity0 . The clinical course of @entity0 was closely related to the metabolic control of @entity2012 . The rapid progression of metastatic lesion was temporally related to stopping pegvisomant treatment and paralleled a rise in serum @entity442 levels. Normalization of @entity442 after re-starting pegvisomant impressively reduced the progression of metastatic breast lesions. Control of @entity2012 is mandatory in acromegalic @entity1 with @entity5 .

title: A male XXXX with @entity2012 and @entity0 : treating @entity2012 to control @entity5 progression.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity440 :: ('MESH:D013629', 'Chemical') :: ['tamoxifen']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity2012 :: ('MESH:D000172', 'Disease') :: ['acromegaly', 'Acromegaly']

entities_list: @entity13558 :: ('MESH:C090450', 'Chemical') :: ['anastrozole']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity2390 :: ('MESH:D015282', 'Chemical') :: ['octreotide']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon-rectal cancer']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: In @entity1 with @entity0 , treatment with @entity1311 and @entity632 has been shown to produce impressive overall response rates (up to 94%) and to prolong overall survival significantly over a combination of @entity1487 ( @entity1487 ), @entity632 , and @entity786 (Cytoxan, Neosar) in one prospective phase III clinical study. These results have been challenged, however, by other data demonstrating no survival advantage for @entity3907 -based therapies. In addition, the combination of @entity1311 and @entity632 has repeatedly been shown to be complicated by the development of treatment-related @entity712 , when cumulative @entity632 doses exceed 300-360 mg/m2. Consequently, attempts have been made to increase the complete remission rate and overall survival resulting from first-line treatment of metastatic @entity0 without compromising @entity1 safety. @entity136 (Gemzar)--a relatively effective, well-tolerated and partially non-cross-resistant antitumor compound with limited @entity137 --represents an attractive alternative to @entity1311 / @entity4349 combinations. Initial studies of combination therapy with @entity136 and @entity1311 have produced an average response rate of 52%, with time to progression ranging between 7.0 and 14.5 months. Three-drug regimens containing @entity136 , an @entity4349 , and @entity1311 have been tested in phase II studies and have produced impressive response rates of 82.9% with @entity136 , @entity632 , and @entity1311 and 92% with @entity136 , @entity1259 (Ellence), and @entity1311 (GET). The Central European Cooperative Oncology Group has evaluated the GET regimen vs a regimen containing @entity1487 , @entity1259 , and @entity786 (FEC) in a randomized, prospective phase III study. Interim @entity137 analysis showed that the GET regimen was well tolerated but produced more grade 4 @entity1398 (64% vs 42%, P = .084) and significantly more grade 4 @entity882 (12% vs 0%; P < .001) than FEC. Anaphylactic/allergic reactions, peripheral @entity305 , @entity390 , and @entity1370 constituted rare events and did not exceed grade 1 or 2 in severity. Although final data from this phase III trial are not yet available, preliminary analysis suggests the GET regimen represents an attractive option for @entity1 with @entity0 .

title: @entity136 , @entity4349 , and @entity3907 combinations for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer', 'advanced breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity4349 :: ('CHEBI:48120', 'Chemical') :: ['anthracycline']

entities_list: @entity1259 :: ('MESH:D015251', 'Chemical') :: ['epirubicin']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity305 :: ('MESH:D011115', 'Disease') :: ['polyneuropathy']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity1370 :: ('MESH:D066126', 'Disease') :: ['cardiotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['Gemcitabine', 'gemcitabine']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorouracil', '5-FU']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['advanced breast cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are highly or lowly expressed in a wide variety of @entity5 and exhibit either pro- @entity5 or anti- @entity5 activities. In the present study, we investigate whether there are relationships between the expressions of TLRs and the occurrence of @entity1207 in advanced NSCLC @entity1 treated with radiotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 76 @entity1 diagnosed with NSCLC and 50 healthy controls were recruited from Oct 2012 to Jan 2014. The expressions of serum @entity11709 , @entity2938 , @entity6800 , @entity2939 , @entity20040 , @entity13976 , @entity6438 , @entity22879 , and @entity6801 were detected by ELISA techniques. Fisher exact test,   (2) test, ROC working curve and Cox regression model were applied to analyze all data. RESULTS: serum @entity11709 , @entity2938 , @entity2939 , and @entity6801 exhibited a relative high expression level in NSCLC @entity1 compared with healthy controls. Importantly, pre-neutrophil granulocyte ratio was associated with the expression of @entity11709 , @entity2938 , and @entity2939 . Moreover, the @entity1 with high ratio of neutrophil granulocyte significantly increased the occurrence of @entity221 in comparison to normal neutrophil ratio in NSCLC @entity1 during the course of radiotherapy. We further evaluated the containing of TLRs when @entity1 had temperatures and found serum @entity11709 , @entity2938 and @entity2939 were over-expressed. Finally, 26 of 76 @entity1 were diagnosed with different stages of radiation induced @entity55 ; as a result, the contents of @entity11709 and @entity2939 before radiotherapy were identified as independent significances with @entity55 occurrence. CONCLUSIONS: The pretreatment levels of @entity11709 and @entity2939 have the predictive value to be clinically potential biomarkers of @entity55 risk in locally advanced NSCLC.

title: Serum toll-like receptors are potential biomarkers of XXXX in locally advanced NSCLC.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1207 :: ('MESH:D017564', 'Disease') :: ['radiation pneumonia']

answer: @entity1207 :: (MESH:D017564,Disease) :: ['radiation pneumonia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Treatment of humeral head fractures in the elderly remains a challenge. Within the framework of demographic change the incidence as well as the direct and indirect consequences of injuries will rise. The analysis of an optimal treatment should include functional parameters as well as global health parameters, e.g. quality of life. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was the evaluation of functional outcome, institutionalization (necessity of placement in a residential care home for the elderly, even if temporary), the influence of @entity73 , quality of life and the pattern of complications after primary reverse shoulder arthroplasty. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included a total of 34 @entity1 (mean age 79.8        6.7 years, 29 female) after implantation of a reversed modular @entity174 arthroplasty. The mean follow-up was 23        10.6 months). The functional Constant-Murley score (CS), radiology results as well as the extent of institutionalization and quality of life as measured by the EQ-5D questionnaire were collated. RESULTS: The clinical examination showed good results in the CS (54 points, SD      9). In comparison to the age and gender-related CS according to Gerber the @entity1 scores amounted to 78.9   %. The comparison of @entity1 with and without @entity73 did not show any differences (53 vs. 54 points, p   =   0.6525). The rate of institutionalization after treatment of humeral head fractures by reversed @entity174 arthroplasty was 2.94   %. The quality of life measured with EQ-5D showed a health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of 0.801. The rate of complications was 2.94   % involving an incomplete lesion of the radial nerve which was in regression. CONCLUSION: The results of this study showed good to moderate functional results, very low rates of complications and institutionalization and very good results according to the HRQoL. In comparison to conservative treatment or plate osteosynthesis, better results were achieved in this study with respect to HRQoL.

title: [Proximal humeral fractures in the elderly : Quality of life, clinical results and institutionalization following primary reverse XXXX arthroplasty].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive deficits']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['fracture']


abstract: A total of 4302 healthy blood donors were screened for elevated serum ferritin and @entity69 saturation. Fifteen had increased serum ferritin at a follow-up examination. Five relatives of these donors also entered the study. Eleven @entity1 had elevated liver @entity68 concentrations, while five had normal liver @entity68 concentrations. The R2 relaxation rate in the liver was first measured with a conventional multi-spin-echo imaging sequence, and then by a volume-selective spectroscopic multi-spin-echo sequence, in order to achieve a minimum echo time of 4 msec. No correlation was found between the relaxation rate R2 and the liver @entity68 concentration, when R2 was calculated from the imaging data. Multi-exponential transverse relaxation could be resolved when the spectroscopic sequence was used. A strong correlation between the initial slope of the relaxation curve and the liver @entity68 concentration was found (r = 0.90, p < 0.001). Signal intensity ratios between liver and muscle were calculated from the first three echoes in the multi-echo imaging sequence, and from a gradient echo sequence. A strong correlation between the logarithm of the signal intensity ratios and the liver @entity68 concentration was found. Although both spectroscopic T2 relaxation time measurements and signal intensity ratios could be used to quantify liver @entity68 concentration, the gradient echo imaging seemed to be the best choice. Gradient echo imaging could be performed during a single breath hold, so motion artifacts could be avoided. The accuracy of liver @entity68 concentration estimates from signal intensity ratios in the gradient echo images was about 35%.

title: Identification of XXXX with hereditary haemochromatosis by magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopic relaxation time measurements.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Earlier studies have shown that most @entity5 cells (TCs) injected into the circulation die rapidly. The mechanisms behind this rapid elimination of TCs are not known, but some experimental data suggest that mechanical trauma to the cells in the capillary bed plays a role. In the present investigation 725,000 @entity35 @entity1492 cells (250,000/ml) were infused into the coronary microcirculation of isolated and artificially perfused (flow rate approx. 6 ml/min), beating and non-beating ( @entity141 excluded from the perfusate) @entity35 hearts. The analyses included calculations of the number of TCs retained in the myocardium 5 min after start of TC infusion and their distribution within the ventricular wall. In addition, ultrastructural studies were performed to identify possible structural changes of trapped TCs and myocardial tissue. Intact and viable TCs in the effluent perfusate were counted. In beating hearts about 20% of the infused TCs were collected microscopically intact after passage through the heart circulation, and of these cells only 32% were viable (in-flow viability 87-91%). In @entity141 -depleted hearts the corresponding figures were 29 and 48%, respectively. The difference in viable cell counts was statistically significant (P less than 0.001). The TCs trapped in the left ventricular wall of the myocardium of beating hearts were mainly found in the subepicardial third of the wall, whereas in non-beating hearts the trapped cells were distributed randomly. The ultrastructural appearance of trapped cells differed between the two groups: 82% of cells trapped in beating hearts showed signs of severe damage, with subcellular vacuolization and plasmalemmal disruption, whereas 65% of cells trapped in @entity141 -depleted hearts seemed undamaged with intact cell membranes and cytoplasmic organization. The remaining 35% showed variable subcellular disorganization. The results cannot entirely be explained by mechanical TC damage in the microcirculation due to @entity85 . The observations require additional explanatory mechanisms. One possible important TC damaging mechanism, dependent on extracellular @entity141 levels, could be endothelial cell release of reactive @entity26 species.

title: Calcium depletion reduces the destruction of XXXX cells in the microvasculature of artificially perfused @entity35 hearts.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity1492 :: ('MESH:D005354', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['intracapillary deformation']

answer: @entity1492 :: (MESH:D005354,Disease) :: ['fibrosarcoma']


abstract: Semantic @entity2414 have been reported extensively in @entity1 with @entity161 . Inefficient search and retrieval strategies, due to an @entity409 , rather than a primary loss of semantic knowledge are a primary candidate for @entity73 . In order to test this hypothesis we compared the performance of 20 @entity1 meeting DSM-IV-TR criteria for @entity161 with that of 20 healthy controls and 10 @entity1 with @entity1545 ( @entity1545 ) with a @entity751 . Seventy percent of the @entity1 with @entity161 and 100% of the @entity1545 @entity1 in this study met criteria for @entity73 . However, the two groups performed significantly differently on a range of semantic memory tests. Whereas 45% of the @entity1 with @entity161 met criteria for distorted semantic category boundaries (n.b. @entity73 ), this was true for only 10% of the @entity1545 @entity1 . In addition, no correlation was found between severity of @entity409 and tendency to overinclude in the @entity161 group. This pattern of neuropsychological findings suggests that @entity73 , or disorganized semantic categorization procedures, in @entity161 does not result from a classical @entity409 . Alternative explanations are discussed.

title: Do @entity73 and distorted semantic category boundaries in @entity161 arise from XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity1545 :: ('MESH:D020214', 'Disease') :: ['ABI', 'acquired brain injury']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['executive impairment', 'such impairments', 'overinclusion']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['executive dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity751 :: ('MESH:D013577', 'Disease') :: ['dysexecutive syndrome']

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['memory impairments']

answer: @entity409 :: (MESH:D008107,Disease) :: ['executive dysfunction']


abstract: Between 1982 and 1991, 20 @entity1 of median age 44 (range 22-76) years were treated for non-functioning @entity5 of the pancreas. Presenting features were @entity3883 (seven @entity1 ), @entity490 (seven), @entity353 (six), abdominal mass (eight) and severe @entity548 (four). Gut hormone profiles were normal except for one @entity1 who had a raised pancreatic polypeptide level. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography localized the @entity5 in 17 @entity1 and visceral angiography in 14 of 15; all but three @entity5 were highly vascular. Ten @entity1 underwent curative resection, and the remainder were managed palliatively by resection (four), bypass procedures (three) or biopsy alone (three). There were two postoperative deaths and seven early complications. Seven of the remaining 18 @entity1 have died from disease a median of 16 (range 4-30) months after presentation. The 11 survivors, eight of whom had curative resections, have been followed for a median of 42 (range 7-72) months. Ten @entity1 are asymptomatic but only five are free from disease. These @entity5 are seldom curable by radical surgery, but @entity1 may remain free from symptoms for many years.

title: Management of non-functioning XXXX of the pancreas.

entities_list: @entity3883 :: ('MESH:D041781', 'Disease') :: ['obstructive jaundice']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['haemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours', 'neuroendocrine tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['neuroendocrine tumours']