abstract: OBJECTIVE: We assessed the safety and efficacy of 10-day twice-daily triple therapy for @entity1534 ( @entity1534 ) in three double-blind, controlled trials in @entity1 with @entity4773 . METHODS: @entity1534 -infected @entity1 with one or more duodenal ulcer(s) at endoscopy (studies 1, 2) or with a documented duodenal ulcer history and no duodenal @entity1066 at endoscopy (study 3) were randomly assigned to 10-day courses of @entity4546 20 mg b.i.d. plus @entity115 1 g b.i.d. plus @entity4581 500 mg b.i.d. (OAC) or placebo plus @entity115 1 g b.i.d. plus @entity4581 500 mg b.i.d. (AC). In studies 1 and 2, @entity1 received an additional 18 days of @entity4546 20 mg q.d. (OAC group) or placebo (AC group). Endoscopy was repeated 4 wk after therapy in studies 1 and 2 and 4-6 wk after therapy in study 3. At baseline, @entity1534 was diagnosed by CLOtest plus histology, or by culture. Eradication was defined as no positive biopsy test and two or more negative tests. @entity1 were defined as compliant if they took 75% or more of each study drug and missed < or = 3 consecutive days of the 10-day therapy. RESULTS: Intent-to-treat populations of the three studies combined were 241 @entity1 for OAC and 266 for AC. Of all OAC @entity1 combined, 2% stopped study medications due to adverse events, and 93% were compliant. Per-protocol cure rates were 78% to 90% (all studies combined, 84%) for OAC vs 33% to 45% (combined, 39%) for AC (p < 0.001, OAC vs AC); intent-to-treat eradication rates were 69% to 83% (combined, 75%) for OAC vs 32% to 37% (combined, 35%) for AC; (p < 0.001, OAC vs AC). CONCLUSION: Rigorously designed studies indicate that 10 days of twice-daily triple therapy with @entity4546 , @entity115 , and @entity4581 achieves per-protocol eradication rates of approximately 80% to 90% in the U.S.

title: Twice-daily, 10-day triple therapy with XXXX , @entity115 , and @entity4581 for @entity1534 eradication in @entity4773 : results of three multicenter, double-blind, United States trials.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity115 :: ('MESH:D000658', 'Chemical') :: ['amoxicillin']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulcer or erosions']

entities_list: @entity4581 :: ('MESH:D017291', 'Chemical') :: ['clarithromycin']

entities_list: @entity4773 :: ('MESH:D004381', 'Disease') :: ['duodenal ulcer disease']

entities_list: @entity1534 :: ('210', 'Species') :: ['H. pylori', 'Helicobacter pylori']

entities_list: @entity4546 :: ('MESH:D009853', 'Chemical') :: ['omeprazole']

answer: @entity4546 :: (MESH:D009853,Chemical) :: ['omeprazole']


abstract: @entity604 supports teeth during chewing through a ligamentous interface with tooth roots. Although tooth loads are presumed to direct the development and adaptation of these tissues, strain distribution in the alveolar bone at different stages of tooth eruption and periodontal development is unknown. This study investigates the biomechanical effects of tooth loading on developing alveolar bone as a tooth erupts into occlusion. Mandibular segments from miniature @entity1707 , @entity1707 , containing M(1) either erupting or in functional occlusion, were loaded in compression. Simultaneous recordings were made from rosette strain gages affixed to the @entity604 and the M(2) crypt. Overall, specimens with erupting M(1)s were more deformable than specimens with occluding M(1)s (mean stiffness of 246 vs. 944 MPa, respectively, p=0.004). The major difference in alveolar strain between the two stages was in orientation. The vertically applied compressive loads were more directly reflected in the alveolar bone strains of erupting M(1)s, than those of occluding M(1)s, presumably because of the mediation of a more mature periodontal ligament (PDL) in the latter. The PDL interface between occluding teeth and alveolar bone is likely to stiffen the system, allowing transmission of occlusal loads. @entity6475 may provide a stimulus for bone growth in the alveolar process and crest.

title: Functional cues in the development of osseous tooth support in the XXXX , @entity1707 .

entities_list: @entity604 :: ('MESH:D016301', 'Disease') :: ['Alveolar bone', 'lingual alveolar bone']

entities_list: @entity6475 :: ('MESH:D013180', 'Disease') :: ['Alveolar strains']

answer: @entity1707 :: (9823,Species) :: ['pig']


abstract: RATIONALE: @entity1577 is a progressive disease requiring a complex, time-consuming treatment regimen. Nonadherence may contribute to an acceleration of the disease process. Spirituality influences some parental healthcare behaviors and medical decision-making. OBJECTIVES: We hypothesized that parents of @entity1 with @entity1577 , when classified into groups based on adherence rates, would share certain psychosocial and religious and/or spiritual variables distinguishing them from other adherence groups. METHODS: We conducted a multisite, prospective, observational study focused on parents of @entity1 younger than 13 years old at two @entity1577 center sites (Site 1, n= 83; Site 2, n = 59). Religious and/or spiritual constructs, @entity308 , and marital adjustment were measured by using previously validated questionnaires. Determinants of adherence included parental attitude toward treatment, perceived behavioral norms, motivation, and self-efficacy. Adherence patterns were measured with the Daily Phone Diary, a validated instrument used to collect adherence data. Cluster analysis identified discrete adherence patterns, including parents' completion of more treatments than prescribed. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: For airway clearance therapy, four adherence groups were identified: median adherence rates of 23%, 52%, 77%, and 120%. These four groups differed significantly for parental @entity308 , sanctification of their @entity1 's body, and self-efficacy. Three adherence groups were identified for nebulized medications: median adherence rates of 35%, 82%, and 130%. These three groups differed significantly for sanctification of their @entity1 's body and self-efficacy. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicated that parents in each group shared psychosocial and religious and/or spiritual factors that differentiated them. Therefore, conversations about adherence likely should be tailored to baseline adherence patterns. Development of efficacious religious and/or spiritual interventions that promote adherence by caregivers of @entity1 with @entity1577 may be useful.

title: Adherence XXXX : Cluster Analysis of Parental Psychosocial, Religious, and/or Spiritual Factors.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'child']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity1577 :: ('MESH:D003550', 'Disease') :: ['Cystic fibrosis', 'cystic fibrosis']

answer: @entity1577 :: (MESH:D003550,Disease) :: ['Determinants in Cystic Fibrosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence of @entity9737 (LP). METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted at an urban, university tertiary care referral center with 50000 annual @entity341 ( @entity341 ) visits. The study population included all @entity1 who had cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples sent to the laboratory between August 15, 2000, and August 14, 2001. The numbers of red blood cells (RBCs) recorded in the first and last CSF tubes, the location where the LP was performed, and the discharge summary and the discharge diagnoses from the particular visit were obtained. All @entity1 with intracranial pathology and CSF obtained via neurosurgical procedure or fluoroscopic guidance were excluded from the study group. Given no clear definition of traumatic LP in the literature, the incidence of traumatic LP was calculated using a cutoff of greater than 400 RBCs (visual threshold for bloody fluid) and 1000 RBCs (arbitrary threshold selected by other authors) in CSF tube 1. Proportions were compared using chi-square statistics. RESULTS: Seven hundred eighty-six CSF samples were recorded over one year. Twenty-four samples were obtained from @entity1 with intracranial pathology or were obtained via a neurosurgical procedure. Of the remaining 762 CSF samples in the study population, 119 (15.6%) were traumatic using a cutoff of 400 RBCs, and 80 (10.5%) were traumatic, using a cutoff of 1000 RBCs in tube 1. Five hundred three LPs were done in the @entity341 and 259 were attributed to all other locations in the hospital. Using a cutoff of 400 RBCs, the incidence of traumatic LP in the @entity341 was 13.3%, compared with 20% in the rest of the hospital (p < 0.025). Similarly, using a cutoff of 1000 RBCs, the incidence of traumatic LP in the @entity341 was 8.9%, compared with 13.5% in the rest of the hospital (p = 0.1). The incidence of "champagne taps" (defined as zero RBCs in the first and last tubes) in the @entity341 was 34.4%, compared with 24.3% in the rest of the hospital (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of @entity9737 is approximately 15% using a cutoff of 400 RBCs and 10% using a cutoff of 1000 RBCs. In this study, the rate of @entity9737 was significantly less (with a cutoff of 400 RBCs) and the rate of champagne tap was significantly greater for LPs done in the @entity341 compared with the rest of the hospital.

title: Incidence of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['emergency department', 'ED']

entities_list: @entity9737 :: ('MESH:D051299', 'Disease') :: ['traumatic lumbar puncture']

answer: @entity9737 :: (MESH:D051299,Disease) :: ['traumatic lumbar puncture']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Nature is an attractive source of therapeutic compounds. In comparison to the artificial drugs, natural compounds cause less adverse side effects and are suitable for current molecularly oriented approaches to drug development and their mutual combining. Medicinal plants represent one of the most available remedy against @entity66 . Proper examples are Salvia officinalis L. and Thymus vulgaris L. which are known aromatic medicinal plants. They are very popular and frequently used in many countries. The molecular mechanism of their biological activity has not yet been fully understood. The aim of this study was to ascertain if liver cells of experimental animals drinking extracts of sage or thyme will manifest increased resistance against oxidative stress. Adult @entity35 were divided into seven groups. They drank sage or thyme extracts for 2 weeks. At the end of the drinking period, blood samples were collected for determination of liver biochemical parameters and hepatocytes were isolated to analyze (i) oxidatively generated DNA damage (conventional and modified comet assay), (ii) activities of antioxidant enzymes [ @entity224 dismutase (SOD), @entity2041 peroxidase (GPx)] and (iii) content of @entity2041 . Intake of sage and thyme had no effect either on the basal level of DNA damage or on the activity of SOD in @entity35 hepatocytes and did not change the biochemical parameters of blood plasma. Simultaneously, the activity of GPx was significantly increased and the level of DNA damage induced by oxidants was decreased. Moreover, sage extract was able to start up the antioxidant protection expressed by increased content of @entity2041 . Our results indicate that the consumption of @entity29682 and T.vulgaris extracts positively affects resistency of @entity35 liver cells against oxidative stress and may have hepatoprotective potential.

title: Enriching the drinking water of XXXX with extracts of Salvia officinalis and Thymus vulgaris increases their resistance to oxidative stress.

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['various diseases']

entities_list: @entity2041 :: ('MESH:D005978', 'Chemical') :: ['glutathione']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['rat', 'Sprague-Dawley rats']

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: BACKGROUND: High dose (70 to 90 mg/kg/day) @entity115 is recommended as first line therapy of @entity697 ( @entity697 ) in geographic areas where drug-resistant @entity328 is prevalent. Information on the bacteriologic efficacy of high dose @entity115 treatment for @entity697 is limited. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the bacteriologic and clinical efficacy of high dose @entity115 as first line therapy in @entity697 . METHODS: In a prospective study 50 culture-positive @entity1 ages 3 to 22 months (median, 9 months; 77% <1 year) were treated with high dose @entity115 (80 mg/kg/day three times a day for 10 days) No antibiotics were administered 72 h before enrollment. Twenty-four (48%) @entity1 presented with their first episode of @entity697 . Middle ear fluid was cultured by tympanocentesis at enrollment and on Days 4 to 6 of therapy. Additional middle ear fluid cultures were obtained if clinical relapse occurred. Bacteriologic failure was defined by positive cultures on Days 4 to 6 and clinical failure by no change or worsening of @entity697 signs and symptoms and requirement for additional antibiotics during therapy and/or at end of therapy. @entity1 were followed until Day 28 +/- 2. Susceptibility to @entity114 and @entity115 was measured by E-test. RESULTS: Sixty-five organisms were recovered at enrollment: @entity327 (38), @entity328 (24), @entity4195 (2) and @entity6729 (1). Eighteen (75%) @entity2260 were nonsusceptible to @entity114 ( @entity29154 > 0.1 microg/ml). All 24 @entity2260 isolates had @entity115 MIC < or = 2.0 microg/ml. Thirteen (34%) of the 38 @entity327 were beta-lactamase producers. Eradication was achieved in 41 (82%) @entity1 for 54 of 65 (83%) pathogens: 22 of 24 (92%) @entity2260 , 21 of 25 (84%) beta-lactamase-negative @entity327 , 8 of 13 (62%) beta-lactamase-positive @entity327 , 2 of 2 @entity4195 and 1 of 1 @entity6729 . Seven organisms not initially present were isolated on Days 4 to 6 in 5 @entity1 : 3 beta-lactamase-positive @entity327 ; 1 beta-lactamase-negative @entity327 ; 2 @entity2260 ; and 1 @entity6729 . In total 14 of 50 (28%) @entity1 failed bacteriologically on Days 4 to 6 (persistence + new infection), of whom 9 (64%) had beta-lactamase-positive @entity327 . Three (33%) of the 9 @entity1 with bacteriologic failure (2 beta-lactamase-positive @entity327 , 1 @entity2260 ) failed also clinically on Days 4 to 6. CONCLUSIONS: The predominant pathogens isolated from @entity1 with @entity697 failing high dose @entity115 therapy were beta-lactamase-producing organisms. Because its overall clinical efficacy is good, high dose @entity115 is still an appropriate choice as first line empiric therapy for @entity697 , followed by a beta-lactamase-stable drug in the event of failure.

title: Bacteriologic and clinical efficacy of high dose @entity115 for therapy of XXXX in @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute otitis media', 'AOM']

entities_list: @entity115 :: ('MESH:D000658', 'Chemical') :: ['amoxicillin']

entities_list: @entity114 :: ('MESH:D010406', 'Chemical') :: ['penicillin']

entities_list: @entity327 :: ('727', 'Species') :: ['H. influenzae', 'Haemophilus influenzae']

entities_list: @entity4195 :: ('1314', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus pyogenes', 'S. pyogenes']

entities_list: @entity6729 :: ('480', 'Species') :: ['Moraxella catarrhalis', 'M. catarrhalis']

entities_list: @entity328 :: ('1313', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus pneumoniae']

answer: @entity697 :: (MESH:D000208,Disease) :: ['acute otitis media']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Relative to non-Latino Whites, Latinos in the United States with @entity308 ( @entity308 ) show low engagement in antidepressant therapy, whether engagement is defined as pharmacotherapy access, medication initiation, pill-taking, or treatment retention. One potential reason for this disparity in @entity308 care is the low cultural congruence of pharmacotherapy for this population. To examine Latinos' views of @entity308 and antidepressant therapy, we conducted qualitative interviews with 30 Latino outpatients initiating antidepressants prior to their first treatment visit using the semistructured Treatment Adherence and Retention Questionnaire. These baseline interviews were randomly selected from data collected for a randomized controlled trial testing a novel intervention to enhance engagement by depressed Latino outpatients. @entity1 narratives were analyzed using open coding and the iterative analytical approach derived from grounded theory. @entity1 views about @entity308 addressed stigmatizing views held by others in their social circle. Most @entity1 directly refuted these views by providing alternate explanations to @entity308 experiences. Antidepressant therapy narratives also revealed marked stigmatization, but @entity1 tended not to refute these views. Instead, @entity1 expressed concerns about antidepressants and showed marked ambivalence about seeking psychiatric care. @entity1 , however, did suggest ways in which clinicians and @entity1 might collaborate to address their concerns about antidepressants. Some cultural views, such as concerns about addiction to or @entity734 on medication, may be negotiable barriers to treatment. Prescribing clinicians should address cultural views and concerns in order to improve Latino engagement in antidepressant therapy.

title: Toward a cultural adaptation of pharmacotherapy: Latino views of XXXX and antidepressant therapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'Participant', 'Patient', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['MDD', 'depression', 'major depressive disorder']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['dependence']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['depression']


abstract: PURPOSE: Disparities in @entity263 ( @entity263 ) morbidity and mortality occur across various populations. We investigated the sociodemographic correlates of treatment and disparities in the application of cure-intended (i.e., radical prostatectomy [RP], @entity1161 [ @entity1161 ]) treatment strategies in localized @entity263 among Texas residents diagnosed with @entity263 . METHODS: We analyzed data from the Texas Cancer Registry on @entity1 diagnosed with stage T1 or T2 @entity263 between 2004 and 2009. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to explore independent associations between cure-intended treatment modalities and sociodemographic characteristics (age, race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status [SES], and geographic location (rural versus urban)) using @entity1 who did not receive definitive treatment as comparison group. RESULTS: Of 46,971 @entity1 with available treatment data, age-adjusted treatment rates were 39.1% RP, 30.7% @entity1161 , and 30.2% for all other non-curative modalities. Compared to @entity1 under 60  years, those >= 60 were less likely to receive RP, @entity1 between 60 and 80  years were more likely to undergo @entity1161 , while those 80  years or older were less likely. @entity7864 (OR =0.55, 95% CI, 0.50-0.59) and Hispanics (OR  =  0.68, 95%CI, 0.62-0.74) were less likely to receive RP compared with whites. Hispanics were significantly less likely to receive @entity1161 (OR  =  0.78, 95%CI, 0.72-0.85) than blacks and whites. @entity1 of low SES were 35% (OR  =  0.65, 95%CI, 0.60-0.69) and 15% (OR  =  0.85, 95%CI, 0.79-0.90) less likely to receive RP and @entity1161 , respectively, compared with those of high SES. Rural-urban status was not associated with cure-intended treatment. CONCLUSION: Potential sociodemographic disparities exist in the application of cure-intended treatment in @entity263 in Texas particularly in race/ethnicity and SES.

title: Sociodemographic Disparities in Cure-Intended Treatment in Localized XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1161 :: ('MESH:D011832', 'Disease') :: ['radiation therapy', 'RT']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'People', 'men']

entities_list: @entity7864 :: ('MESH:D055008', 'Disease') :: ['Non-Hispanic blacks']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['localized prostate cancer', 'prostate cancer', 'PCa']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['Prostate Cancer']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Suppression of @entity588 expression can overcome cellular resistance to apoptosis induced by the adenovirus type 5 gene E1A in models of @entity5344 . @entity12698 , a @entity3840 ( @entity3840 ) inhibitor, is known to downregulate @entity588 expression. We hypothesized that @entity12698 would enhance E1A-induced apoptosis by suppressing @entity588 through suppressing @entity3840 expression. If successful, this strategy could represent a means of overcoming resistance to E1A gene therapy. METHODS: We first established the @entity137 of @entity12698 in two @entity3840 -overexpressing E1A-transfected @entity0 cell lines (MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-435) and in two low- @entity3840 -expressing E1A-transfected cell lines (MCF-7 ( @entity0 ) and SKOV3.ip1 ( @entity43 )). We next tested whether higher sensitivity to @entity12698 among these cell lines resulted from increased apoptosis by flow cytometry and western blotting. We further investigated whether suppression of @entity588 by @entity12698 was involved in the apoptosis resulting from @entity12698 treatment, and we explored whether the @entity12698 -induced apoptosis in these cells depends on a @entity3840 downstream pathway. RESULTS: The two @entity3840 -overexpressing cell lines MDA-MB-231-E1A and MDA-MB-435-E1A were more sensitive to @entity12698 than the corresponding control cells, but the two low- @entity3840 -expressing cell lines MCF-7-E1A and SKOV3.ip1-E1A were no more sensitive than control cells to @entity12698 . Therefore, we used the MDA-MB-231-E1A and MDA-MB-435-E1A cells for all further experiments. In both cell lines, sub-G1 fraction was increased, or cleavage of @entity9190 and @entity8187 were increased after 5 days of exposure to 40 microM @entity12698 . However, @entity588 was suppressed only in the MDA-MB-435-E1A cells and not in the MDA-MB-231-E1A cells. Restoring @entity588 expression in the MDA-MB-435-E1A stable transfectants did not affect their sensitivity to @entity12698 . However, adding @entity1421 ( @entity1421 ) or PGF2alpha blunted the sensitivity to @entity12698 of both E1A stable transfectants. CONCLUSION: We speculate that one mechanism by which @entity12698 enhances E1A-induced apoptosis in cells that express high levels of @entity3840 is through blocking @entity1421 or PGF2alpha.

title: Adenovirus type 5 E1A-induced apoptosis in @entity3840 -overexpressing XXXX cells.

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity12698 :: ('MESH:C105934', 'Chemical') :: ['celecoxib', 'Celecoxib']

entities_list: @entity5344 :: ('MESH:D061325', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian and breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity1421 :: ('MESH:D015232', 'Chemical') :: ['PGE2', 'prostaglandin E2']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the presence of chromosome 3 monosomy in small @entity320 using @entity400 ( @entity400 ). DESIGN: Noncomparative case series. @entity1 : Fifty-six @entity1 with small @entity320 measuring 3 mm or less in thickness who were undergoing plaque radiotherapy. METHODS: Fine-needle aspiration biopsy was used at the time of plaque radiotherapy to @entity5 cells using a 27-gauge long needle via an indirect transvitreal approach into the @entity5 apex for @entity5 or a 30-gauge short needle via a direct transscleral approach into the @entity5 base for @entity5 . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Chromosome 3 monosomy in small @entity320 . RESULTS: The median @entity5 thickness was 2.6 mm. Monosomy 3 was found in 15 (27%) cases and disomy 3 was found in 32 (57%) cases. In 9 (16%) cases, genomic DNA yield was insufficient for genetic analysis. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy with a 27-gauge needle transvitreal approach provided quantity sufficient for genetic testing in 31 (97%) of 32 cases versus 16 (67%) of 24 cases sampled with a 30-gauge transscleral technique. Compared with disomy 3 @entity5 , monosomy 3 @entity5 were statistically more likely to occur in older @entity1 (P = 0.040). Monosomy 3 (versus disomy 3) @entity5 showed thickness of more than 2 mm in 100% (vs. 84%), subretinal fluid in 87% (vs. 94%), symptoms in 40% (vs. 56%), orange pigment in 93% (vs. 81%), and margin of 3 mm or less to the optic disc in 20% (vs. 50%). There was no statistical difference between monosomy 3 and disomy 3 @entity5 in the presence or number of these clinical factors. However, small @entity320 with monosomy 3 mutation were more likely to have had documented growth (63%) compared with those with disomy 3 (25%; P = 0.025; odds ratio, 5.00). CONCLUSIONS: Using @entity400 at the time of plaque radiotherapy, monosomy 3 was found in approximately 27% of small @entity320 , more often in older @entity1 and @entity5 with documented growth. Transvitreal biopsy into the @entity5 apex provided better yield compared with transscleral biopsy into the @entity5 base.

title: Small XXXX with chromosome 3 monosomy on @entity400 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity400 :: ('MESH:D014202', 'Disease') :: ['fine-needle aspiration biopsy', 'FNAB']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['choroidal melanoma', 'choroidal melanomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'preequatorial tumors', 'postequatorial tumors', 'sample tumor', 'tumors']

answer: @entity320 :: (MESH:D008545,Disease) :: ['choroidal melanoma']


abstract: Oncolytic virotherapies based on adenovirus 5 (Ad5) hold promise as adjunctive @entity5 therapies; however, their efficacy when delivered systemically is hampered by poor target cell specificity and preexisting anti-Ad5 immunity. @entity43 represents a promising target for virotherapy, since the virus can be delivered locally into the peritoneal cavity. Both @entity470 ( @entity470 ) and @entity7167 ( @entity7167 ) are overexpressed in the majority of @entity1 @entity5 , including @entity43 . To generate adenoviral vectors with improved @entity5 specificity, we generated a panel of Ad5 vectors with altered tropism for @entity470 and FGFR, rather than the natural Ad5 receptor, @entity9698 . We have included mutations within AB loop of the viral fiber knob (KO1 mutation) to preclude interaction with @entity9698 , combined with insertions in the HI loop to incorporate peptides that bind either @entity470 (peptide YHWYGYTPQNVI, GE11) or @entity7167 (peptides MQLPLAT, M*, and LSPPRYP, LS). Viruses were produced to high titers, and the integrity of the fiber protein was validated by Western blotting. The KO1 mutation efficiently ablated @entity9698 interactions, and significantly increased transduction was observed in @entity9698 (low)/ @entity470 (high) cell lines using Ad5.GE11, while transduction levels using Ad5.M* or Ad5.LS were not increased. In the presence of physiological concentrations of @entity1 @entity4461 factor X (hFX), significantly increased levels of transduction via the hFX-mediated pathway were observed in cell lines, but not in @entity5 cells derived from @entity43 ( @entity43 ) ascites samples. Ad5-mediated transduction of @entity43 cells was completely abolished by the presence of 2.5% serum from @entity1 , while, surprisingly, incorporation of the GE11 peptide resulted in significant evasion of neutralization in the same samples. We thus speculate that incorporation of the YHWYGYTPQNVI dodecapeptide within the fiber knob domain may provide a novel means of circumventing preexisting Ad5 immunity that warrants further investigation.

title: Incorporation of Peptides Targeting @entity470 and XXXX into the Adenoviral Fiber Knob Domain and Their Evaluation as Targeted @entity5 Therapies.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cancer', 'EOC', 'epithelial ovarian cancer', 'Ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'primary tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity470 :: ('1956', 'Gene') :: ['EGFR', 'epidermal growth factor receptor']

entities_list: @entity4461 :: ('MESH:D020141', 'Disease') :: ['blood clotting']

entities_list: @entity7167 :: ('2260', 'Gene') :: ['FGFR1', 'fibroblast growth factor receptor 1']

answer: @entity7167 :: (2260,Gene) :: ['FGFR1']


abstract: PURPOSE: Although clinical data on long-term efficacy are lacking, the use of self-expanding devices for intraperitoneal placement in the management of small midline @entity547 has been popularized. In the present experimental study, two different devices were investigated regarding tissue ingrowth, @entity1104 formation and solid mesh placement. METHODS: Two devices of 4.3  cm diameter, one ePTFE-containing small pore @entity7502 mesh (PP/ePTFE) and a multi-layered large-pore @entity7502 patch with an oxidized cellulose anti-adhesive barrier (PP/ORC), both containing a self-deployment system, were placed intraperitoneally at the linea alba of 24 female @entity1707 . A first laparoscopy was performed to evaluate mesh positioning against the abdominal wall. 1 (n  =  6), 2 (n  =  6), 4 (n  =  6) and 12  weeks (n  =  6) later, mesh appearance was inspected and @entity1104 formation was assessed. All meshes were excised for histological evaluation. RESULTS: Folding of the patch was more frequently observed at PP/ePTFE, yet no excessive cupping was noticed. Adhesions predominantly presented at short-term evaluation. Overall @entity1104 formation at all samples was significantly more extensive for PP/ORC (p  =  0.048). Massive shrinkage was observed for PP/ORC: after a 12-week period 22  % residual surface was preserved, compared to 83  % for PP/ePTFE (p  <  0.001). While at short-term inflammatory reaction was comparable, at long-term PP/ORC induced a significant more pronounced inflammatory and foreign body reaction. CONCLUSIONS: Although a strong deployment system provides adequate initial placement, shrinkage and excessive @entity1104 formation are much more prominent in the large-pore multi-layered restorbable devices compared to the ePTFE patch. This might influence long-term clinical outcome and caution seems warranted.

title: Intraperitoneal mesh devices for small midline XXXX : mesh behavior in a porcine model.

entities_list: @entity7502 :: ('MESH:D011126', 'Chemical') :: ['polypropylene']

answer: @entity547 :: (MESH:D006547,Disease) :: ['hernias']


abstract: PURPOSE: To assess the add-on efficacy of @entity4677 on the EEG, behavior, and cognition of @entity1 with @entity25 ( @entity25 ). METHODS: Charts of @entity1 with behavioral and/or @entity73 associated with @entity25 who received @entity4677 at 50 mg/kg/day as add-on treatment were retrospectively reviewed. Awake and sleep EEG recordings and detailed neuropsychological and behavioral assessments were available at baseline and 2 months after @entity4677 initiation. In @entity1 showing clinical and/or electrophysiological improvement after 2 months, @entity4677 was continued with a new evaluation at 1 year. RESULTS: Twelve @entity1 were included (9 cryptogenic and 3 symptomatic cases). Seven @entity1 (58.3%) showed improvement of EEG record. Among these seven @entity1 , neuropsychological evaluation was improved in three, and in the other four @entity1 , not testable because of severe @entity73 , behavior was improved. Two @entity1 improved in neuropsychological evaluation despite the lack of EEG improvement. Eight @entity1 (66.6%) continued @entity4677 treatment after 2 months. After 1 year, four @entity1 were still on @entity4677 , two because sustained effect on EEG and behavior and the two others because improvement in neuropsychological testing despite unchanged EEG. @entity4677 was discontinued in the other four @entity1 because of neuropsychological or behavioral deterioration associated with @entity25 pattern, between 9 and 11 months after treatment initiation. CONCLUSIONS: This retrospective study suggests that @entity4677 has a positive effect on the EEG, the behavior, and the cognition of @entity1 with @entity302 and @entity25 . Additional studies are warranted in order to assess the place of this drug in these @entity302 conditions.

title: @entity4677 efficacy in @entity302 with XXXX : experience in 12 cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4677 :: ('MESH:C026098', 'Chemical') :: ['levetiracetam', 'Levetiracetam']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment', 'cognitive deterioration']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epileptic', 'epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['continuous spikes and waves during slow sleep', 'CSWS']

answer: @entity25 :: (MESH:D012893,Disease) :: ['continuous spikes and waves during slow sleep']


abstract: Due to their rarity, only few trials have studied the role of the @entity632 - @entity3839 (DS) combination in advanced well-differentiated @entity3123 (AWDPEC). However, the published results are inconsistent. We reviewed all AWDPEC (5-year period, 45 @entity1 ) treated in our institution with the DS combination for: objective response rate (ORR), progression-free survival, @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) and @entity137 . An ORR of 36% (95% Confidence Interval (CI) 22-49) was obtained, with 16 partial responses (PR). The mean duration of PR was of 19.7 months. Two and 3-year @entity1349 rates were 50.2 and 24.4%, respectively. @entity137 were mainly digestive (grade > or =3 @entity391 , 13%) and haematological (grade > or =3 @entity1398 , 24%). Previous systemic chemotherapy and malignant @entity382 were associated with a poorer ORR (P=0.033, P=0.016) and @entity1349 (P=0.008, P=0.045). Multivariate analysis demonstrated previous chemotherapy as the only independent predictive-factor for survival (P=0.013). In conclusion, our data confirm the sensitivity of AWDPEC to the DS combination, with an ORR of 36% and a remarkable median response duration of 19.7 months, and suggests that it could be considered as a valid option in first-line therapy.

title: The @entity632 - @entity3839 combination for the treatment of advanced well-differentiated XXXX ; a judicious option?

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity3123 :: ('MESH:C562463', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic endocrine carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'Toxicities']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity3839 :: ('MESH:D013311', 'Chemical') :: ['streptozotocin']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity382 :: ('MESH:D006529', 'Disease') :: ['hepatomegaly']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity3123 :: (MESH:C562463,Disease) :: ['pancreatic endocrine carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To determine the role of postmastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT) in @entity0 @entity1 with T1-2 and N1 disease. @entity1 AND METHODS: A total of 207 postmastectomy @entity1 were enrolled. The 5-year Kaplan-Meier estimates of locoregional recurrence rate (LRR), distant recurrence rate (DRR) and @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) were analyzed by different @entity5 characteristics. Multivariate analyses were performed using Cox proportional hazards modeling. RESULTS: With median follow-up 59.5 months, the 5-year LRR, DRR and @entity1349 were 9.1%, 20.3% and 84.4%, respectively. On univariate analysis, age < 40 years old (p = 0.003) and @entity1722 over-expression (p = 0.016) were associated with higher LRR, whereas presence of LVI significantly predicted higher DRR (p = 0.026). Negative @entity172 status (p = 0.033), @entity1722 overexpression (p = 0.001) and LVI (p = 0.01) were significantly correlated with worse @entity1349 . PMRT didn't prove to reduce 5-year LRR (p = 0.107), as well as 5-year @entity1349 (p = 0.918). In subgroup analysis, PMRT showed significant benefits of improvement LRR and @entity1349 in @entity1 with positive LVI. CONCLUSIONS: For @entity1 with T1-2 and N1 stage @entity0 , PMRT can decrease locoregional recurrence and increase @entity1349 only in @entity1 with @entity3 .

title: Post-mastectomy radiotherapy benefits subgroups of XXXX @entity1 with T1-2 @entity5 and 1-3 axillary lymph node(s) @entity3 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['lymphovascular invasion']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Calcification of the tunica media of the @entity358 (PA) has been reported in a large proportion of racehorses. In @entity1 , @entity730 is a significant cause of arterial stiffening and is implicated in the pathogenesis of @entity8 . Pulse wave velocity ( @entity122 ) provides a measure of arterial stiffness. This study aimed to develop a technique to determine PA- @entity122 in @entity1641 , and secondarily to investigate a potential association between PA- @entity122 and arterial fibro-calcification. A dual pressure sensor catheter (PSC) was placed in the main PA of 10 sedated @entity1641 . The pressure waves were used to determine @entity122 along the PA, using the statistical phase offset method. Histological analysis of the PA was performed to investigate the presence of fibro-calcified lesions. The mean (  SD) @entity122 was 2.3  0.7m/s in the proximal PA trunk and 1.1  0.1m/s further distal (15cm) in a main PA branch. The mean (  SD) of mean arterial pressures in the proximal PA trunk was 30.1  5.2mmHg, and 22.0  6.0mmHg further distal (15cm) within the main PA branch. The mean (  SD) pulse pressure in the proximal PA trunk was 15.0  4.7mmHg, and 13.5  3.3mmHg further distal (15cm) within the main PA branch. Moderate to severe lesions of the tunica media of the PAs were observed in 7 @entity1641 , but a correlation with @entity122 could not be established yet. Pulmonary artery @entity122 may be determined in standing @entity1641 . The technique described may allow further investigation of the effect of calcification of large PAs in the pathogenesis of @entity1641 @entity358 .

title: DEVELOPMENT OF A TECHNIQUE FOR DETERMINATION OF PULMONARY ARTERY PULSE WAVE VELOCITY IN XXXX .

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac, cerebral and renal microvascular diseases']

entities_list: @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['medial calcification']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary circulatory disorders', 'axial pulmonary arteries']

answer: @entity1641 :: (9796,Species) :: ['HORSES']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To report a method for radiographic determination of the mechanical @entity2270 of the @entity235 pelvic limb and its relationship to the joints and bone axes. To report reference ranges for the relationships between the axes of the pelvic limb and for joint position relative to the pelvic limb @entity2270 . STUDY DESIGN: Cadaveric radiographic anatomic study. ANIMALS: Pelvic limbs (n=101) from normal midsized to large breed @entity235 ; tibiae (n=105) from @entity235 with @entity129 (previous study). METHODS: Extended full-limb radiography was performed and images analyzed to determine: mechanical joint reference angles (femur, tibia), pelvic limb @entity2270 , tibiofemoral and metatarsotibial angle, mechanical @entity2270 -femur/metatarsus angle, and mechanical @entity2270 deviation (MAD) of the stifle/tarsus. RESULTS: Mean mechanical angles were: lateral proximal femoral (103.7 degrees +/-5.4 degrees ), lateral distal femoral (98.6 degrees +/-2.5 degrees ), medial proximal tibial (92.2 degrees +/-1.8 degrees ), medial distal tibial (95.9 degrees +/-2.2 degrees ), tibiofemoral (9.1 degrees varus +/-2.8 degrees ), metatarsotibial (0.6 degrees valgus +/-2.1 degrees ). Mean mechanical @entity2270 -femur and-metatarsus angles were 5.6 degrees (+/-1.7 degrees ) and 2.9 degrees (+/-1.5 degrees ), respectively. Mean MAD of the stifle and tarsus were 3.6% (+/-1.1%) and 1.2% (+/-0.6%), respectively. Tibial angles were not different between @entity235 with and without @entity129 . CONCLUSIONS: Mechanical axes of the @entity235 pelvic limb and their relationship to the joints can be determined by full-limb radiography. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Techniques and reference ranges may be useful for diagnosis, surgical planning, and postoperative assessment of pelvic @entity4218 .

title: Determination of pelvic limb alignment in the large-breed XXXX : a cadaveric radiographic study in the frontal plane.

entities_list: @entity129 :: ('MESH:D003389', 'Disease') :: ['cranial cruciate ligament disease']

entities_list: @entity4218 :: ('MESH:D017880', 'Disease') :: ['limb deformities']

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['dog']


abstract: @entity71 ( @entity71 ) is characterized by the overt symptoms of @entity23 , @entity2915 , and inattention. A frontostriatal pathophysiology has been hypothesized to produce these symptoms and lead to reduced ability to inhibit unnecessary or inappropriate behavioral responses. Oculomotor tasks can be designed to probe the ability of subjects to generate or inhibit reflexive and voluntary responses. Because regions of the frontal cortex and basal ganglia have been identified in the control of voluntary responses and saccadic suppression, we hypothesized that @entity1 and adults diagnosed with @entity71 may have specific difficulties in oculomotor tasks requiring the suppression of reflexive or unwanted saccadic eye movements. To test this hypothesis, we measured eye movement performance in pro- and anti-saccade tasks of 114 @entity71 and 180 control @entity1 ranging in age from 6 to 59 yr. In the pro-saccade task, @entity1 were instructed to look from a central fixation point toward an eccentric visual target. In the anti-saccade task, stimulus presentation was identical, but @entity1 were instructed to suppress the saccade to the stimulus and instead look from the central fixation point to the side opposite the target. The state of fixation was manipulated by presenting the target either when the central fixation point was illuminated (overlap condition) or at some time after it disappeared (gap condition). In the pro-saccade task, @entity71 @entity1 had longer reaction times, greater intra-subject variance, and their saccades had reduced peak velocities and increased durations. In the anti-saccade task, @entity71 @entity1 had greater difficulty suppressing reflexive pro-saccades toward the eccentric target, increased reaction times for correct anti-saccades, and greater intra-subject variance. In a third task requiring prolonged fixation, @entity71 @entity1 generated more intrusive saccades during periods when they were required to maintain steady fixation. The results suggest that @entity71 @entity1 have reduced ability to suppress unwanted saccades and control their fixation behavior voluntarily, a finding that is consistent with a fronto-striatal pathophysiology. The findings are discussed in the context of recent neurophysiological data from nonhuman primates that have identified important control signals for saccade suppression that emanate from frontostriatal circuits.

title: Altered control of visual fixation and saccadic eye movements in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'children']

entities_list: @entity23 :: ('MESH:D007174', 'Disease') :: ['impulsiveness']

entities_list: @entity71 :: ('MESH:D001289', 'Disease') :: ['ADHD', 'Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder']

entities_list: @entity2915 :: ('MESH:D006948', 'Disease') :: ['hyperactivity']

answer: @entity71 :: (MESH:D001289,Disease) :: ['attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Deep @entity1211 after great saphenous vein surgery has been reported, but the studies evaluated mainly @entity1 with @entity1347 . We prospectively analyzed the effects of greater saphenous vein ablation on coexisting primary deep axial @entity1211 compared with segmental @entity1211 . @entity1 and methods Between February 1997 and June 2001, @entity1 with primary deep @entity1211 scheduled for greater saphenous vein surgery were included in the study. Limbs of @entity1 with a history of @entity1150 , @entity2268 , @entity130 , and orthopedic or venous surgery were excluded. After surgery, duplex scanning was repeated and @entity1 were examined for persistent deep @entity1211 . RESULTS: Thirty-three @entity1 (38 limbs) were followed up with duplex scanning. Follow-up ranged from 2 weeks to 38 months. Preoperative axial deep reflux was present in 17 extremities, and segmental reflux was present in 21. The total number of incompetent segments was 59. Overall reflux abolishment rate was similar in extremities with axial and segmental reflux (30% vs 36%; P >.05). When segments were analyzed individually, abolishment of superficial femoral vein reflux was observed more often in extremities with segmental reflux than those with axial reflux (odds ratio, 4). In the extremities where deep reflux was not abolished with greater saphenous vein ablation, degree of reflux did not change significantly (P >.1). Duplex scanning was performed more than once during follow-up in 9 @entity1 . In 3 of these @entity1 reflux resolved by the second follow-up evaluation, and in 2 reflux was decreased at the second and third follow-up evaluations. CONCLUSION: In @entity1 with concomitant deep and superficial @entity1211 , saphenous vein ablation results in resolution of deep reflux in about a third of @entity1 . Superficial femoral vein reflux is seldom corrected in limbs with axial reflux compared with those limbs with segmental reflux. To appreciate the effects of greater saphenous vein ablation, longer follow-up may be needed.

title: How often is deep XXXX eliminated after saphenous vein ablation?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1347 :: ('MESH:C537775', 'Disease') :: ['deep segmental reflux']

entities_list: @entity2268 :: ('MESH:D013924', 'Disease') :: ['thrombophlebitis']

entities_list: @entity1150 :: ('MESH:D020246', 'Disease') :: ['deep venous thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['venous reflux', 'venous reflux resolution']

answer: @entity1211 :: (MESH:D054556,Disease) :: ['venous reflux']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were: (i) to measure the analgesic efficacy and frequency of adverse events following autonomous nurse-initiated intravenous @entity1286 in @entity1 presenting with acute @entity158 , awaiting medical assessment; and (ii) to determine whether such a process would improve the time to @entity1337 . METHODS: A prospective convenience sample of @entity1 presenting in acute @entity158 received titrated intravenous @entity1286 by experienced emergency nurses. @entity158 scores on a 10.0 cm visual analogue scale and predetermined adverse events defined by physiological parameters were measured at regular intervals over the following 60 min. Demographic, diagnostic and waiting time data were also recorded. RESULTS: Three hundred and forty nine @entity1 were enrolled over a 12-month period. The median initial @entity158 score was 8.5 cm, with a reduction to 4.0 cm at 1 h. Respiratory rate, @entity26 saturation, heart rate and blood pressure all showed small but statistically significant reductions over 60 min. There were 15 predefined adverse events, 10 episodes of @entity551 and five episodes of @entity26 desaturation. No intervention other than supplemental @entity26 was required. There were no episodes of @entity1168 , bradypnoea or reduced level of consciousness. The median time to narcotic was 18 min and the median time to be seen by a doctor was 52 min. CONCLUSION: Experienced emergency nurses can initiate effective intravenous narcotic @entity1337 for @entity1 in acute @entity158 awaiting medical assessment, with minimal change in physiological parameters. This process can improve the time to @entity1337 for @entity1 in acute @entity158 .

title: Nurse-initiated intravenous @entity1286 in the emergency department: efficacy, rate of adverse events and impact on time to XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity1337 :: ('MESH:D000699', 'Disease') :: ['analgesia']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

entities_list: @entity1168 :: ('MESH:D001919', 'Disease') :: ['bradycardia']

answer: @entity1337 :: (MESH:D000699,Disease) :: ['analgesia']


abstract: Fourteen @entity1 and adolescents aged between four and 17 years with genuine @entity2459 were analyzed in a retrospective study. The symptoms of @entity393 , @entity392 and vertigo were similar to those found in adults. The study's findings suggest that younger @entity1 particularly below the age of 14, will not suffer from these symptoms. Consequently, the disease was frequently diagnosed in younger @entity1 after the parents had observed defective hearing. In an 13-year-old @entity1 it was not possible to provoke a caloric vestibular response. As in the case of the other @entity1 (below 14 years of age) this @entity1 did not complain of vertigo. -The prognosis of @entity2459 in @entity1 is poor. Thus 22% (two out of nine) of all @entity1 treated with drugs became deaf. Moreover, 29% (four out of 14) of all @entity1 examined (with and without therapy) remained deaf after @entity2459 . It is concluded that, due to this poor prognosis, a therapeutic attempt should be performed analogous to the treatment given to adults.

title: [" XXXX " in childhood and adolescence. Symptoms, therapy and prognosis--a retrospective study].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient', 'child']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing loss']

entities_list: @entity392 :: ('MESH:D014012', 'Disease') :: ['tinnitus']

entities_list: @entity2459 :: ('MESH:D003639', 'Disease') :: ['sudden hearing loss']

answer: @entity2459 :: (MESH:D003639,Disease) :: ['Sudden deafness']


abstract: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) and @entity11141 Iontophoresis on @entity158 in @entity1 with @entity626 . Twenty (20) subjects participated in this study. Their ages ranged from 40-65 years. They were assigned to either the TENS or Iontophoresis group. The application of TENS was done using an EV 904 unit made by. Electro-medical supplies, while Iontophoresis treatment was delivered using a Galvanic current machine by F.W. Read and Sons London. The subjects levels of @entity158 prior to commencement of treatment and after the 6 weeks of treatment was taken using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Disability Index Questionnaire for @entity1 with @entity626 joint(s). Analysis of data obtained was done using the Mann-Whitney U test and level of significance was set at (P < 0.05). The statistical analysis of the result showed a statistically significant reduction in @entity158 in both groups (P < 0.05). @entity1 treated with @entity11141 iontophoresis had a more statistically significant reduction of @entity158 in comparison with TENS group (P < 0.05). It is hereby suggested that the use of @entity11141 iontophoresis and TENS be included in treatment of @entity571 to enhance @entity158 relief and functional activity.

title: Comparison of the effects of tens and XXXX iontophoresis in the management of @entity626 .

entities_list: @entity626 :: ('MESH:D020370', 'Disease') :: ['osteoarthritis of the knee']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity11141 :: ('MESH:D012980', 'Chemical') :: ['Sodium salicylate', 'sodium salicylate']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'pain and functional disability']

answer: @entity11141 :: (MESH:D012980,Chemical) :: ['sodium salicylate']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity7493 ( @entity7493 ) predisposes individuals to disease, delays recovery from illness and reduces quality of life. Care home residents in the United Kingdom are especially vulnerable, with an estimated 30 to 42  % at risk. Evidence for nutritional interventions to address @entity7493 in the care home setting is lacking. Widely used techniques include food-based intervention and/or the use of prescribed oral nutritional supplements. To define outcomes and optimise the design for an adequately powered definitive trial to compare the efficacy of established nutritional interventions in this setting, a cluster randomised feasibility trial with a 6-month intervention was undertaken. METHODS: Care home residents with or at risk of @entity3147 were identified across six UK care home sites from September to December 2013. Homes were cluster randomised to standard care (SC), food-based intervention (FB) or oral nutritional supplement intervention (ONS), for 6  months. Key outcomes were trial feasibility and the acceptability of design, allocated interventions and outcome assessments. Anthropometry, dietary intake, healthcare resource usage and @entity1 -reported outcome measures were assessed at baseline and at 3 and 6  months. RESULTS: All six care homes approached were recruited and retained. Of the 110 residents at risk of @entity3147 , 85  % entered the trial, and 68  % completed the 6-month intervention. Pre-specified success criteria for feasibility were met for recruitment and retention, intervention acceptability (resident compliance >= 60  %) and measurement of weight, body mass index (BMI), mid-upper arm circumference and dietary intake (data completeness >80  %). Measurement of handgrip strength and triceps skinfold thickness was not found to be feasible in this population. The 95  % confidence interval (CI) data suggested sensitivity to change in dietary intake for weight, BMI and energy intake between baseline and 3  months when each intervention (FB and ONS) was compared with SC. CONCLUSIONS: A definitive trial comparing the efficacy of nutritional support interventions in increasing weight and BMI in malnourished care home residents can be conducted. However, whilst the design was feasible, this trial has highlighted the lack of clinically and @entity1 -relevant outcome measures that are appropriate for use in this setting for both research and clinical practice. In particular, this trial identified a need for a more simple measure of functional status, which considers the limitations of functional tests in the care home population. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN38047922 , Date assigned: 22 April 2014.

title: A cluster randomised feasibility trial evaluating nutritional interventions in the treatment of XXXX in care home adult residents.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participant', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity7493 :: ('MESH:D011502', 'Disease') :: ['PEM', 'Protein energy malnutrition']

entities_list: @entity3147 :: ('MESH:D044342', 'Disease') :: ['malnutrition']

answer: @entity3147 :: (MESH:D044342,Disease) :: ['malnutrition']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Despite the increasing use of pre- and post-hydration protocols and low osmolar instead of high osmolar @entity1496 containing contrast media, the incidence of @entity8 ( @entity8 ) is still significant. There is evidence that contrast media cause @entity63 reperfusion @entity8 . @entity63 ( @entity63 ) is a non-invasive, safe, and low cost method to reduce @entity63 reperfusion injury. The aim of this study is to investigate whether @entity63 , as an adjunct to standard preventive measures, reduces contrast induced @entity810 in @entity1 at risk of @entity8 . METHODS: The RIPCIN study is a multicenter, single blinded, randomized controlled trial in which 76 @entity1 at risk of @entity8 received standard hydration combined with @entity63 or hydration with sham preconditioning. @entity63 was applied by four cycles of 5  min @entity63 and 5  min reperfusion of the forearm. The primary outcome measure was the change in serum @entity1011 from baseline to 48 to 72 hours after contrast administration. RESULTS: With regard to the primary endpoint, no significant effect of @entity63 was found. @entity8 occurred in four @entity1 (2 sham and 2 @entity63 ). A pre-defined subgroup analysis of @entity1 with a Mehran risk score >= 11, showed a significantly reduced change in serum @entity1011 from baseline to 48 to 72 hours in @entity1 allocated to the @entity63 group (   @entity1011  -3.3      9.8   mol/L) compared with the sham group (   @entity1011  +17.8      20.1   mol/L). CONCLUSION: @entity63 , as an adjunct to standard preventive measures, does not improve serum @entity1011 levels after contrast administration in @entity1 at risk of @entity8 according to the Dutch guideline. However, the present data indicate that @entity63 might have beneficial effects in @entity1 at a high or very high risk of @entity8 (Mehran score  >=   11). The RIPCIN study is registered at: http://www.controlled-trials.com/ISRCTN76496973.

title: Remote Ischemic Preconditioning To Reduce Contrast-Induced XXXX : A Randomized Controlled Trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['contrast induced nephropathy', 'injury of the renal medulla', 'CIN']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['Remote ischemic preconditioning', 'RIPC', 'ischemia']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['acute kidney injury']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['Nephropathy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: An increasing number of @entity1 receive palliative chemotherapy near the end of life. The aim of this study is to evaluate the @entity146 of chemotherapy in Turkish individuals near the end of life. METHODS: @entity1 diagnosed with @entity5 and died from 2010 to 2011 in the medical oncology department of Akdeniz University were included in the study. Data about the diagnosis, treatment details and imaging procedures were collected. RESULTS: Three hundred and seventy-three @entity1 with stage IV @entity5 died from 2010 to 2011 in our clinic. Eighty-nine @entity1 (23.9%) @entity1 underwent chemotherapy in the last month of life while 39 @entity1 (10.5%) received chemotherapy in the last 14 days. The probability of undergoing chemotherapy in the last month of life was influenced by: age, 'newly diagnosed' @entity1 , and performance status. There was no significant association of chemotherapy in the last month of life with gender and @entity5 type. Having a PET-CT scan did not alter the chemotherapy decision. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, chemotherapy used in the last month of life in a tertiary care center of @entity233 is high. Increasing quality of life should be a priority near the end of life and physicians should consider ceasing chemotherapy and direct the @entity1 to early palliative care.

title: Use of chemotherapy at the end of life in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'people']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'solid tumors']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressiveness']

answer: @entity233 :: (9103,Species) :: ['Turkey']


abstract: Hepatic insulin resistance and increased endogenous @entity413 production (EGP) are associated with increased plasma free @entity1718 (FFA). However, the contribution of FFA composition to the regulation of EGP is not known. Six @entity28 and 6 @entity1 with @entity6 (DM2) were studied after an overnight and a 3-day fast. Plasma insulin concentrations after an overnight fast were similar in the DM2 and @entity7964 @entity1 (88.8 +/- 26.4 v 57.6 +/- 12.6 pmol/L, not significant [NS]) despite increased plasma @entity413 (9.9 +/- 1.8 v 5.1 +/- 0.1 mmol/L, P <.01) and EGP (510.3 +/- 77.7 v 298.3 +/- 18.3 micromol x m(-2) x @entity1009 ), P <.05) in the @entity1 with DM2. Absolute rates of gluconeogenesis using the heavy water method were also increased in the @entity1 with DM2 (346.8 +/- 74.9 v 198.8 +/- 16.4 micromol x m(-2). @entity1009 ), P <.05). No differences were observed in plasma @entity1474 ( @entity5204 ) between the @entity6 and @entity7964 subjects. However, total @entity10194 ( @entity10194 ) concentrations (350 +/- 37.4 v 230.9 +/- 33.3 micromol/L, P <.02) were significantly increased in the @entity6 subjects. Rates of EGP were correlated with total plasma @entity6334 concentration (r =.71, P <.01) and the concentration of @entity10194 (r =.71, P <.01), but not @entity6221 or @entity5204 . Rates of gluconeogenesis were also correlated with plasma FFA (r =.64, P <.05) and @entity10194 (r =.67, P <.05). We observed no relationship between EGP and either total FFA or @entity844 composition after a 3-day fast. We conclude that increases in EGP are associated with concentrations of plasma @entity10194 after an overnight fast.

title: The role of plasma @entity844 composition in endogenous @entity413 production in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity844 :: ('CHEBI:35366', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'type 2 diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obese nondiabetic subjects']

entities_list: @entity1474 :: ('MESH:D005231', 'Chemical') :: ['polyunsaturated fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity7964 :: ('OMIM:612551', 'Disease') :: ['nondiabetic']

entities_list: @entity6221 :: ('MESH:D005229', 'Chemical') :: ['monounsaturated fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity10194 :: ('CHEBI:26607', 'Chemical') :: ['saturated fatty acid', 'SFA']

entities_list: @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['type 2 diabetes mellitus']


abstract: The @entity22788 ( @entity22788 ) paradigm allows to study the mother- @entity1 dyad as a dynamic system coping with social stress perturbations. The State Space Grid (SSG) method is thought to depict both flexibility and stability of the dyad across perturbations, but previous SSG evidence for the @entity22788 is limited. The main aims were: (1) to investigate mother- @entity1 @entity8364 and stability across the @entity22788 using the SSG; (2) to evaluate the influence of dyadic functioning during Play on @entity1 Still-Face response and of @entity1 stress response in affecting dyadic functioning during Reunion. Forty 4-month-old @entity1 and their mothers were micro-analytically coded during a @entity22788 and eight SSG dyadic states were obtained. Dyadic flexibility and attractor states were assessed during Play and Reunion. @entity1 ' stress response was coded as negative engagement during the Still-Face episode. Two dyadic states, "maternal hetero-regulation" and "affective mismatch", showed significant changes in the number of visits from Play to Reunion. During Play "maternal positive support to @entity1 play" emerged as attractor state, whereas during Reunion a second attractor emerged, namely "affective mismatch". Dyadic affective mismatch during Play correlated with @entity1 ' negative engagement during Still-Face, whereas @entity1 ' response to Still-Face resulted in minor social matching during Reunion. Findings provide new insights into the flexible, yet stable, functioning of the mother- @entity1 dyad as a dynamic system. Evidence of a reciprocal influence between dyadic functioning and @entity1 social stress response are discussed.

title: A dynamic system analysis of XXXX and stability across the @entity22788 procedure: Application of the State Space Grid.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['infants', 'Infants', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity8364 :: ('MESH:D002375', 'Disease') :: ['dyadic flexibility']

entities_list: @entity22788 :: ('MESH:C536384', 'Disease') :: ['Face-to-Face Still-Face', 'FFSF']

answer: @entity8364 :: (MESH:D002375,Disease) :: ['dyadic flexibility']


abstract: KEY POINTS: It is generally assumed that muscle fibres go through @entity194 following disuse with a loss of specific force and an increase in unloaded shortening velocity. However, the underlying mechanisms remain to be clarified. Most studies have focused on events taking place during the development of disuse, whereas the subsequent recovery phase, which is equally important, has received little attention. Our findings support the hypotheses that the specific force of muscle fibres decreased following unilateral lower limb suspension (ULLS) and returned to normal after 3  weeks of active recovery as a result of a loss and recovery of @entity3999 and actin content. Furthermore, muscle fibres went through extensive qualitative changes in muscle protein pattern following ULLS, and these were reversed by active recovery. Resistance training was very effective in restoring both muscle mass and qualitative muscle changes, indicating that long-term ULLS did not prevent the positive effect of exercise on @entity1 muscle. ABSTRACT: Following disuse, muscle fibre function goes through adaptations such as a loss of specific force (PO /CSA) and an increase in unloaded shortening velocity, which could be a result of both quantitative changes (i.e. @entity194 ) and qualitative changes in protein pattern. The underlying mechanisms remain to be clarified. In addition, little is known about the recovery of muscle mass and strength following disuse. In the present study, we report an extensive dataset describing, in detail,the functional and protein content adaptations of skeletal muscle in response to both disuse and re-training. Eight young healthy subjects were subjected to 3  weeks of unilateral lower limb suspension (ULLS), a widely used @entity1 model of disuse skeletal @entity2057 . Needle biopsies samples were taken from the vastus lateralis muscle Pre-ULLS, Post-ULLS and after 3  weeks of recovery during which heavy resistance training was performed. After disuse, cross-sectional area (CSA), PO /CSA and @entity3999 concentration (MC) decreased in both type 1 and 2A skinned muscle fibres. After recovery, CSA and MC returned to levels comparable to those observed before disuse, whereas Po/CSA and unloaded shortening velocity reached a higher level. @entity3999 heavy chain isoform composition of muscle samples did not differ among the experimental groups. To study the mechanisms underlying such adaptations, a two-dimensional proteomic analysis was performed. ULLS induced a @entity17181 , metabolic (glycolytic and oxidative) and anti-oxidant defence system protein content. Resistance training was very effective in counteracting ULLS-induced alterations, indicating that long-term ULLS did not prevent the positive effect of exercise on @entity1 muscle.

title: XXXX skeletal muscle fibre contractile properties and proteomic profile: adaptations to 3 weeks of unilateral lower limb suspension and active recovery.

entities_list: @entity17181 :: ('MESH:C580316', 'Disease') :: ['reduction of myofibrillar']

entities_list: @entity2057 :: ('MESH:D009133', 'Disease') :: ['muscle atrophy']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Human']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare Health-Related @entity7027 in younger @entity1 with hip or @entity626 ( @entity571 ) to age- and sex-matched population norms, and evaluate work limitations in this group. METHOD: @entity1 aged 20-55 years with hip or knee @entity571 were recruited from major hospitals (n = 126) and community advertisements (n = 21). HRQoL was assessed using the Assessment of Quality of Life (AQoL) instrument (minimal important difference 0.06 AQoL units) and compared to population norms. Psychological distress was assessed using the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale ( @entity7434 ) and the prevalence of high/very high distress ( @entity7434 score >= 22) was compared to Australian population data. Work limitations were evaluated using the @entity3457 ( @entity3457 ). RESULTS: Considering most @entity1 had a relatively recent @entity571 diagnosis (<5 years), the extent of @entity73 was unexpected. A very large reduction in HRQoL was evident for the overall sample, compared with population norms (mean difference -0.35 AQoL units, 95% CI -0.40 to -0.31). Females, @entity1 aged 40-49 years, and those with @entity570 reported average @entity73 of almost 40% (mean reductions -0.38 to -0.39 AQoL units). The overall prevalence of high/very high distress was 4 times higher than for the population (relative risk 4.19, 95% CI 3.53-4.98) and 67% reported moderate to considerable @entity571 -related @entity717 , according to @entity3457 scores. CONCLUSIONS: These results clearly demonstrate the substantial personal burden experienced by younger @entity1 with hip or knee @entity571 , and support the provision of targeted services to improve HRQoL and maximise work participation in this group.

title: The substantial personal burden experienced by younger @entity1 with hip or XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'people', 'People']

entities_list: @entity7027 :: ('MESH:D057768', 'Disease') :: ['Quality of Life (HRQoL) and psychological distress']

entities_list: @entity626 :: ('MESH:D020370', 'Disease') :: ['knee osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['HRQoL impairment']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['work disability']

entities_list: @entity3457 :: ('OMIM:612348', 'Disease') :: ['WALS', 'Workplace Activity Limitations Scale']

answer: @entity626 :: (MESH:D020370,Disease) :: ['knee osteoarthritis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the infective course of acute bacterial rhinosinusitis in recombinent active gene 1 ( @entity5350 )-defecient @entity19 ( @entity5350 ) and C57BL/6 @entity19 (C57) and the difference between them after intranasal @entity328 inoculation. METHODS: Ten @entity19 of each strain ( @entity5350 and C57) received @entity328 T59, ATCC 49,619 suspended in trypticase soy broth, and controls (two @entity19 for each strain) received trypticase soy broth alone. After 2, 5, 10 and 14 days, nasal lavage cultures were obtained and then the @entity19 were killed. The heads were embedded with paraffin and serial sections were made for histological analysis. The percentage of sinus cavity occupied by neutrophil cluster (% cluster) and the number of polymorphonuclear leukocytes per square millimeter of sinus mucosa (PMN/mm2) were calculated by the use of a computer-aided microscope in conjunction with a reconstruction and image analysis system. RESULTS: % Cluster and PMN/mm2 in infected @entity19 both of @entity5350 and C57 appeared to peak on five and ten days separately, which were significantly heavier than those in controls(P < 0.05). The infection in C57 decreased by two weeks. But in contrast to C57, the infection in @entity5350 had not been controlled and @entity328 were still seen in the nasal lavage culture by two weeks. This difference between infected @entity5350 and infected C57 was significant at P < 0.05. CONCLUSION: Acute bacterial rhinosinusitis in @entity5350 and C57 @entity19 were successfully induced by intranasal inoculation of @entity328 pneunoniae. This @entity2348 in C57 could be controlled completely and rapidly. In contrast, @entity5350 failed to control rhinosinusitis and had a tendency to @entity32 , suggesting that T- and B-cell-dependent immunity was important for clearance of bacteria from rhinosinus and gene knockout @entity19 was a convenient tool for investigation of the pathogenesis of experimental rhinosinusitis.

title: [A comparative experimental study between recombinant active gene 1-deficient XXXX and C57BL/6 @entity19 model of acute bacterial rhinosinusitis].

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['chronic inflammation']

entities_list: @entity2348 :: ('MESH:D001424', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial infection']

entities_list: @entity328 :: ('1313', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus pneumoniae', 'streptococcus', 'Streptococcus pneumoniae strain', 'streptococcus pneumoniae']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: We describe two measures adopted in hemodialysis outpatient population in order to reduce Central Venous Catheter (CVC) related @entity281 . The first is a nurse staff training in the field project and the second deals with the employment of @entity1216 -impregnated dressing devices. These actions were performed after high infection rates were observed through a dedicated register. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the limited assistance dialysis center, direct observation (12/2012-02/2013) quantified the gap between the observed and expected health care behaviour. Training needs were defined and a 40 hours nurse staff training in the field was performed on two occasions. In the hospital dialysis center, we introduced alcoholic 2% @entity1216 solution and @entity1216 -impregnated dressing devices to the exit site (CHG-Tegaderm and BioPatch). Infections (cumulatively @entity2259 / @entity295 /skin exit/subcutaneous tunnel) were monitored continuously. RESULTS: Infection rates at the two locations were progressively reduced, reaching a value of zero at the limited assistance center. Nurse staff training in the field produced: two @entity1 reports and three CVC management protocols, Italian language translation of the "The 5 moments of dialysis" WHO poster, alcoholic 2% @entity1216 adoption to exit-site medication and improvement of environment cleaning/sanitation actions. CONCLUSIONS: Our experience shows that continuously monitoring infection rates represents the first step for timely corrective action. The continuous updating of health personnel, codified prevention measures and an ongoing commitment to raise awareness in a routine practice, allows us to obtain the goal of "getting to zero @entity281 ". The staff training produced equal or superior results compared to the isolated use of new @entity1216 -impregnated dressing devices.

title: ["Getting to zero XXXX " in hemodialysis].

entities_list: @entity1216 :: ('MESH:D002710', 'Chemical') :: ['chlorhexidine']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity2259 :: ('MESH:D016470', 'Disease') :: ['bacteremia']

answer: @entity281 :: (MESH:D007239,Disease) :: ['infections']


abstract: PURPOSE: MET alterations including amplifications and @entity377 variations have been associated with resistance to therapy and aggressive clinical behavior. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: The medical records of @entity1 presenting to the University of Texas @entity601 Anderson Cancer Center Phase I Clinic with relapsed or metastatic @entity43 and known MET @entity377 variation or amplification status were reviewed retrospectively (n=178). Categorical and continuous clinical and molecular characteristics were compared using Fisher's exact and Wilcoxon rank-sum tests, respectively. Univariate and multivariate survival were assessed via Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analysis, respectively. RESULTS: MET amplification occurred in 4 (3.5%) of 113 @entity1 , whereas nonsynonomous @entity377 variations were present in 9 (7.4%) of 122 @entity1 . No @entity1 exhibited concomitant amplification and variation. MET variations were observed only in white @entity1 with high-grade @entity43 , whereas amplifications were observed in both black and white @entity1 with high-grade serous @entity43 . No @entity1 (n=4) exhibiting a MET alteration achieved an objective response when treated on a @entity1916 inhibitor phase I trial. In addition, @entity43 @entity1 treated with a @entity1916 inhibitor with multikinase activity trended towards a longer time-to-failure compared with those treated with a @entity1916 -specific inhibitor (median: 1.5 vs. 4.5 months, p=0.07). CONCLUSIONS: MET alterations occur in a minority of @entity1 with @entity43 . @entity1916 inhibitors with multikinase activity may exhibit less activity in @entity43 than @entity1916 specific drugs. These findings warrant further investigation.

title: MET @entity377 variations and amplification in advanced XXXX : characteristics and outcomes with @entity1916 inhibitors.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cancers', 'ovarian primary tumors', 'ovarian tumors', 'ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity377 :: ('CHEBI:36976', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotide']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['ovarian cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study was designed to evaluate the prognostic value of three systemic @entity32 markers, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and prognostic nutritional index (PNI), for @entity157 ( @entity157 ) associated with @entity1956 ( @entity97 ). METHODS: This analysis included 234 @entity97 - @entity157 @entity1 who underwent primary surgical resection at the Mount Sinai Medical Center between 1988 and 2013. Serum albumin and circulating neutrophil, lymphocyte, and platelet counts immediately before surgery were obtained to calculate NLR, PLR, and PNI. RESULTS: @entity1 with larger @entity5 size (>3 cm) had higher NLR, higher PLR, and lower PNI. Stratified analysis showed that the impact of three markers on outcome depends on the severity of @entity1575 . High NLR, high PLR, or low PNI was associated with poor outcome only in @entity1 without end-stage @entity82 (Ishak stage 0-5) and not in those with @entity82 (Ishak stage 6). Multivariate analysis in Ishak stage 0-5 @entity1 showed that only high NLR was associated with poor outcome independent of @entity5 size. Of the three markers, only NLR correlated with @entity4634 expression in center of @entity5 , but not in nonneoplastic liver. CONCLUSIONS: The prognostic value of these three markers following surgery was only significant for @entity97 - @entity157 @entity1 without end-stage @entity82 , and among the three markers, only NLR remained a significant prognostic indicator independent of @entity5 size. The correlation of NLR with intratumoral @entity4634 expression raises a hypothesis for shared pathways leading to @entity4634 -mediated local tolerance within @entity5 and systemic @entity32 responses represented by elevated NLR in @entity97 - @entity157 .

title: The Severity of @entity1575 Influences the Prognostic Value of Inflammation-Based Scores in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation', 'inflammatory']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis', 'cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity1956 :: ('MESH:D006509', 'Disease') :: ['hepatitis B']

entities_list: @entity1575 :: ('MESH:D008103', 'Disease') :: ['liver fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'hepatocellular carcinoma']

answer: @entity1956 :: (MESH:D006509,Disease) :: ['Hepatitis B-Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the prognostic effect of pulmonary function at the beginning of postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) in @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: From January 2002 to December 2012, 115 @entity1 with @entity1149 who underwent PORT and took the forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) at the beginning of PORT were analysed. PORT began within 4-6weeks following surgery, and the 3-dimensional conformal technique was used with conventional fractionation. The high and low FEV1 groups were divided by the median absolute value of FEV1 at the beginning of PORT, and we compared the clinical factors and survival between two groups. RESULTS: The median absolute value of FEV1 at the beginning of PORT was 1.68L (range, 0.83-3.89), and @entity1 were divided into low and high FEV1 groups (<1.68L versus    1.68L). @entity1 in the low FEV1 group showed a lower preoperative FEV1 (mean, 1.94L versus 2.73L, p<0.001) and received more pneumonectomy (36.8% versus 8.6%, p<0.001) compared to the high FEV1 group. The overall median follow-up time was 31months (range, 3-110), and 5-year locoregional recurrence-free survival (LRRFS), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) and overall survival (OS) were 52.4%, 48.9%, and 45.9%, respectively. Five-year OS of the low FEV1 group was significantly lower than that of the high FEV1 group (35.4% versus 56.9%, p=0.002), and no significant differences were found in LRRFS and DMFS. In a multivariate analysis, the difference of OS between the low and high FEV1 groups remained significant (Hazard Ratio=2.04, CI, 1.18-3.55, p=0.011). CONCLUSIONS: The FEV1 at the beginning of PORT was an independent significant prognostic factor in @entity1 with @entity1149 who received PORT. Considering this analysis was limited to only @entity1 receiving PORT, further studies are warranted to compare the survival effect of postoperative pulmonary function between groups with/without PORT.

title: Prognostic implication of pulmonary function at the beginning of postoperative radiotherapy in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['non-small cell lung cancer', 'NSCLC']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']


abstract: As a causative factor in spontaneous @entity510 , @entity455 , especially @entity439 or @entity2758 , have been generally recognized. On the other hand, @entity510 from @entity1313 and @entity1462 are rare. We experienced two cases showing @entity510 from @entity1653 and @entity4607 as an initial symptom. Case 1: A 48-year-old @entity1 , who complained of severe @entity10 and @entity391 on Feb. 10th, 1972, gradually became lethargic. Lumbar puncture revealed moderately @entity548 .S.F.. On the fifth day after the onset, she was admitted to our hospital. On admission she showed disorientation and disturbance of resent memory. @entity2026 and @entity1054 were slightly observed. On ophthalmologic examination right homonymous @entity1805 was observed. The carotid angiogram showed slight square shift of the anterior cerebral artery to the right side, elevation of the middle serebral artery and a homogeneous @entity5 stain in the occipital region in capillary phase. A walnut sized @entity5 invading the middle portion of the left lateral sinus and showing firm adhesion to the tentrium was found. There was an intracerebral @entity5 . The @entity5 , the tentrium and the lateral sinus were extirpated en bloc and the @entity1779 was aspirated. Histologically, the @entity5 was @entity1653 . Case 2: A 7-year-old @entity1 , who complained of severe @entity10 , @entity158 and @entity391 on Sept. 17th, 1972, became gradually lethargic. Lumbar puncture revealed @entity548 .S.F., On the tenth day after the onset, he was admitted to our hospital. He showed @entity911 and @entity2146 . The carotid angiogram showed an unrolling of the pericallosal artery, but no findings of space taking lesions. An air study indicated a globular filling defect protruding into the anterior horn of the right lateral ventricle. The @entity5 located in the laterobasal wall of the anterior horn was removed picemiel by transventricular approach. Histologically, the @entity5 was @entity4607 . Furthermore, we discussed various @entity1313 showing @entity510 as an initial symptom, its frequency and @entity548 mechanism on the literature.

title: [Two cases showing @entity510 from XXXX and @entity4607 (author's transl)].

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular anomalies']

entities_list: @entity2758 :: ('MESH:D001165', 'Disease') :: ['arteriovenous malformation']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding', 'hemorrhagic C']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['brain tumors', 'brain tumor']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['subarachnoid hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['hematoma behined the tumor', 'tumor']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity1653 :: ('MESH:D008579', 'Disease') :: ['angioblastic meningioma']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity1805 :: ('MESH:D006423', 'Disease') :: ['lower quadrant hemianopsia']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['nuchal pain']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['intracerebral hematoma']

entities_list: @entity911 :: ('MESH:D003221', 'Disease') :: ['confusion']

entities_list: @entity2146 :: ('MESH:D011595', 'Disease') :: ['agitation']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['abrupt headache', 'headache']

entities_list: @entity4607 :: ('MESH:D006222', 'Disease') :: ['vascular hamartoma']

entities_list: @entity1462 :: ('MESH:D054079', 'Disease') :: ['cryptic vascular malformation']

answer: @entity1653 :: (MESH:D008579,Disease) :: ['angioblastic meningioma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Evaluation of low-flow pressure-volume loop at the bedside in @entity649 , as an aid to assess recruitment produced by PEEP. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Low-flow pressure-volume loop at the bedside were obtained on the first day of respiratory support in 54 successive @entity358 @entity1 (49 of whom had @entity55 ) treated between April 1999 and June 2002. From the loop obtained at ZEEP, we determined manually the @entity1166 ( @entity1166 ). By superimposing the pressure-volume loop at ZEEP and at PEEP, we evaluated recruitment obtained at a constant elastic pressure of 20 cm @entity2507 . RESULTS: We observed two different types of loops, according to the pattern of the inflation limb. In type 1 (38 cases) the inflation limb was characterized by an inflexion zone, resulting from a progressive or a sudden improvement in compliance. In type 2 (16 @entity1 ) the inflation limb was virtually linear, without significant improvement in compliance during inflation, which remained particularly low (26+/-9 cm @entity2507 ). Use of a low PEEP (6+/-2 cm @entity2507 ) produced a substantial recruitment in type-1 @entity1 (74+/-53 ml), which was marginally improved by a higher PEEP (89+/-54 ml). In type 2, recruitment produced by PEEP was significantly lower (48+/-26 ml, p=0.006). CONCLUSION: Pressure-volume loop at bedside confirmed that a low PEEP was sufficient to obtain recruitment in @entity649 . This study also individualized a group of @entity358 @entity1 exhibiting a markedly reduced compliance, in whom recruitment obtained by PEEP was limited.

title: Early patterns of static pressure-volume loops in XXXX and their relations with PEEP-induced recruitment.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1166 :: ('MESH:D016171', 'Disease') :: ['LIP', 'lower inflexion point']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary ARDS']

answer: @entity649 :: (MESH:D012128,Disease) :: ['ARDS']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity149 ( @entity149 ) are rare @entity5 , mostly represented by diffuse large B cells. @entity149 with a T phenotype are less frequently reported; even rarer are @entity2108 ( @entity2108 ). PCNSL @entity2108 are commonly represented, like their systemic counterpart, by a variably prevalent amount of large @entity5 cells ('hallmark cells'), and this feature enhances their recognition. @entity1 and methods We report the first case of primary brain @entity5823 + @entity9511 + ALCL with a T-cell phenotype, showing the combination of both the 'lymphohistiocytic' and the 'small cell' variants of the disease. A few elements consistent with 'hallmark cells' were recognizable. However, these cells were never prominent, increasing diagnostic difficulties. Immunohistochemistry results were critical for the correct interpretation. Our findings also differ from the majority of PCNSL @entity2108 for the absence of @entity5 @entity39 and the lack of prominent mitotic activity. The neuroimaging picture was not specific. A comparison with literature data concerning the clinical/instrumental features shows a very frequent meningeal involvement in PCNSL @entity2108 , in contrast to the majority of @entity149 . CONCLUSION: The occurrence of such a rare form of ALCL may widen the spectrum of differential diagnoses in PCNSL and their recognition may allow a rapid diagnosis, thus encouraging adequate treatment, which should take into account the high rate of meningeal involvement observed in these cases.

title: Primary brain XXXX + @entity9511 + anaplastic large cell lymphoma ('ALKoma'): the first case with a combination of 'not common' variants.

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'pleomorphic tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity149 :: ('MESH:D002493', 'Disease') :: ['PCNSLs', 'Primary central nervous system lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity2108 :: ('MESH:D017728', 'Disease') :: ['anaplastic large cell lymphomas', 'ALCLs']

answer: @entity5823 :: (943,Gene) :: ['CD30']


abstract: PURPOSE: To describe the features of Beh  et-associated @entity1596 over a 25-year period. DESIGN: Retrospective observational case series. METHODS: A chart review of @entity1 with Beh  et-associated @entity1596 who were evaluated from January 1986 to December 2011 at King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Saudi Arabia. Demographic data, symptoms, type of @entity1596 , treatment, and complications were evaluated. The main outcome measures were presenting symptoms, types of @entity1596 , treatment, and complications. RESULTS: There were 132 @entity1 (232 eyes; 102 male [77.3%]) evaluated with age of onset of 36.9    11.4 years. @entity5863 was the most common presentation, affecting 118 @entity1 (89.4%). Episodes were bilateral in 100 @entity1 (75.8%). Baseline best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 20/125 in both eyes. @entity4816 at presentation occurred in 61 eyes (26.3%), @entity1333 in 59 eyes (25.4%), and macular @entity4 in 42 eyes (18.1%). Common therapeutic management included oral corticosteroids in 123 @entity1 (93.2%), intravenous @entity134 therapy in 35 @entity1 (26.5%), @entity205 in 98 @entity1 (74.2%), and @entity500 in 65 @entity1 (49.2%). Common anterior segment complications included @entity726 (44 eyes, 19%) and @entity231 (34 eyes, 14.7%). The most common @entity1347 was @entity1952 . @entity231 surgery was the most common surgery. At last visit, BCVA was better than 20/50 in 131 eyes (56.5%). CONCLUSIONS: Beh  et-associated @entity1596 predominantly affects young @entity1 in Saudi Arabia. @entity5863 associated with @entity4816 was the most common manifestation. More than 50% of @entity1 maintained 20/50 or better BCVA at final follow-up and were primarily managed with oral @entity288 and other immunosuppressive agents.

title: @entity1596 in Beh  et Disease in a Tertiary Center Over 25 Years: The KKESH XXXX Survey Study Group.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1952 :: ('MESH:D009896', 'Disease') :: ['optic nerve atrophy']

entities_list: @entity5863 :: ('MESH:D015864', 'Disease') :: ['Panuveitis', 'Bilateral panuveitis']

entities_list: @entity500 :: ('MESH:D001379', 'Chemical') :: ['azathioprine']

entities_list: @entity1333 :: ('MESH:D014657', 'Disease') :: ['occlusive vasculitis']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataracts', 'Cataract']

entities_list: @entity1347 :: ('MESH:C537775', 'Disease') :: ['posterior segment complication']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporine']

entities_list: @entity4816 :: ('MESH:D031300', 'Disease') :: ['retinal vasculitis', 'Retinal vasculitis']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity1596 :: (MESH:D014605,Disease) :: ['Uveitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Adoptive transfer of CD8(+) T-cells specific for @entity5 -antigens is an attractive strategy for anti- @entity5 therapy. In the present study, the subsets TA and @entity1906 were used to represent the population of CD8(+) T cells generated by culturing the respective cells with irradiated dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with @entity10328 (OVA) protein and transfected with adenoviral vector constructs as described. METHODS: @entity4024  ve OVA specific CD8(+) T cells were isolated from the spleen of OVA-specific T-cell receptor transgenic OTI @entity19 . The subsets TA and @entity1906 were then generated by in vitro activating the population of CD8(+) T cells with OVA-pulsed DCs transfected with @entity777 -expressing adenoviral vector (AdVIL-6 ) or the control vector (AdVNull ). To assess their in vivo immunotherapeutic effects, TA - or @entity1906 -cells were intravenously transferred into C57BL/6 @entity19 bearing EG7 thymoma (6-8   mm in diameter). RESULTS: TA -cells displayed a higher level of expression of CD62   l, @entity15592 , @entity9699 , perforin and @entity14012 , and also exhibited more potent in vitro @entity137 to OVA-expressing EG7 thymoma cells via perforin- and Fas/ @entity9699 -mediated apoptosis than @entity1906 -cells. CD8(+) T-cell survival was kinetically analyzed in C57BL/6 @entity19 transferred with TA - or @entity1906 -cells by flow cytometry. We found that the adoptively transferred TA -cells had prolonged survival and enhanced T-cell memory development compared to @entity1906 -cells. In addition, TA -, but not @entity1906 -cells were able to eradicate well-established EG7 thymomas in all eight @entity5 -bearing @entity19 . CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that AdVIL-6 -transfected DC-stimulated CD8(+) T cells with potent @entity137 and survival advantage may serve as an effective adoptive CD8(+) T-cell immunotherapy strategy for anti- @entity5 treatment. Copyright    2015 John Wiley _ Sons, Ltd.

title: Potent immunotherapy against well-established thymoma using adoptively transferred transgene @entity777 -engineered dendritic cell-stimulated CD8(+) T-cells with prolonged survival and enhanced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxicity']

answer: @entity137 :: (MESH:D064420,Disease) :: ['cytotoxicity']


abstract: BACKGROUND: One of the goals in treating @entity510 @entity1 is to prevent or minimize @entity2553 -induced @entity63 . Intracerebral microdialysis is a rapidly developing tool to monitor physiological and pathophysiological changes in chemical processes associated with @entity63 . OBJECTIVE: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of microdialysis in detecting @entity63 or @entity63 events in @entity1 with @entity510 . METHODS: A systematic review of clinical studies regarding microdialysis as a monitoring method in @entity1 in the acute stage of @entity510 was conducted by performing a MEDLINE search using the terms " @entity510 ", " @entity2806 ", " @entity438 ", " @entity64 " and " @entity64 ". These were combined with a search on "microdialysis". The methodological quality of the studies was assessed independently by two reviewers. For each study the grades of recommendation were determined. RESULTS: The search yielded 73 publications of which 13 studies were analysed. The methodological quality of the studies was low,with only 3 studies fulfilling more than 50% of the criteria. Consequently the level of evidence was low. Of the internal validity criteria the characteristics of study populations were similar in most of the studies. The technical assessment varied considerably. A quantitative analysis (meta-analysis) could not be performed because of lack of sufficient data. A qualitative analysis yielded a positive impression with regard to the diagnostic accuracy of microdialysis in detecting @entity63 events. CONCLUSION: There is a positive tendency to use microdialysis as a diagnostic tool for monitoring of @entity63 events in @entity510 @entity1 . However, there is insufficient evidence for the routine use of microdialysis.

title: Cerebral microdialysis as a monitoring method in @entity510 XXXX , and correlation with clinical events--a systematic review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'cerebrovascular accident']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['brain ischemia']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia', 'ischemic']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['subarachnoid hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity2553 :: ('MESH:D020301', 'Disease') :: ['vasospasm']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial aneurysm']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']