abstract: AIM: To investigate DNA ploidy and expression of @entity1495 , @entity1552 , and @entity5962 in @entity356 and to explore the mechanism of invasion and @entity3 of @entity356 . METHODS: Immunohistochemical methods were used to detect the expressions of @entity1495 , @entity1552 , and @entity5962 in 156 cases, including 99 cases of @entity356 , 16 cases of adjacent noncancerous mucosa, 16 cases of distant metastases and 25 cases of metastatic @entity1600 ( @entity1600 ) from @entity356 . Flow cytometry DNA ploidy and S-phase fraction (SPF) analysis were performed on 57 cases, including 47 cases of @entity356 , 6 cases of adjacent noncancerous mucosa, and 4 cases of distant @entity5 . RESULTS: The expression of @entity1495 was significantly correlated with Lauren's classification, Borrmann's classification, @entity1600 @entity3 , @entity5 @entity3 , and @entity2802 stage, as well as depth of invasion (all P<0.05). The positive rate was lower in noncarcinoma than in @entity189 (31.3% vs 66.7%, P<0.01). The expression of @entity1552 was significantly correlated with Borrmann's classification, @entity1600 @entity3 , and the depth of invasion (all P<0.05). The expression of @entity5962 was significantly correlated with differentiation, Lauren's classification, Borrmann's classification, and @entity1600 @entity3 , as well as the depth of invasion (P<0.01 or P<0.05). @entity5962 was less expressed in @entity189 than in noncarcinoma (42.4% vs 87.5%, P<0.01). There was a positive correlation between @entity1495 and @entity1552 and a negative correlation between @entity1495 and @entity5962 , but no correlation between @entity1552 and @entity5962 . Also there was a positive correlation between DNA aneuploid rate and differentiation and @entity1600 @entity3 . SPF that was higher than 15% was positively correlated with @entity5 size, differentiation and @entity1600 @entity3 . And there was a significant difference between @entity189 and noncarcinoma in DNA aneuploid rate and SPF. CONCLUSION: With @entity5 progression and development of heterogeneity, the abnormal expressions of @entity1495 , @entity1552 , and @entity5962 or DNA aneuploid rate or high SPF gradually increases, suggesting that they play a crucial role in @entity356 progression.

title: DNA ploidy analysis and expression of @entity1495 , @entity1552 , and @entity5962 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'metastatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer', 'gastric carcinoma']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['gastric carcinoma']


abstract: Prior studies have shown variable success in amplification of monoclonal B-cell populations from @entity706 ( @entity706 ) of germinal center cell origin using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). We examined 60 @entity706 by the PCR to determine optimal primer selection for detection of clonal @entity7513 ( @entity7513 ) rearrangements in this common group of @entity1892 . Each primer set included a 3' @entity7513 joining region consensus primer; the 5' primer was different in each reaction. The first-line panel included the following: @entity13552 , @entity588 major breakpoint region (mbr) primer; @entity21044 , @entity588 minor cluster region (mcr) primer; Set 3, @entity7513 variable region framework III consensus primer; and Set 4, seven separate @entity7513 variable region framework I family-specific primers. A reserve panel also was used. The efficiency of monoclonal B-cell population amplification differed among primer sets. The @entity588 -targeted primer pairs ( @entity58675 ) were most efficient and amplified 42 (70%) of 60 cases. Of these, the mbr and mcr primer sets detected monoclonality in 38 and four cases, respectively. Set 3 amplified monoclonal B-cell in 38 and four cases, respectively. Set 3 amplified monoclonal B-cell populations in 31 (52%) cases and Set 4 detected similar populations in only 27 (45%) samples. When results from primer Sets 1, 2, and 3 were combined, 49 of 60 (82%) @entity706 showed evidence of B-cell monoclonality by the PCR. Three of the 11 negative cases were documented as monoclonal with primer Set 4, and three additional samples were amplified only with our reserve panel.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Optimal primer selection for clonality assessment by polymerase chain reaction analysis: II. XXXX .

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['follicular lymphomas', 'FLs']

entities_list: @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ['B-cell lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity7513 :: ('3492', 'Gene') :: ['immunoglobulin heavy chain gene', 'IgH']

answer: @entity706 :: (MESH:D008223,Disease) :: ['Follicular lymphomas']


abstract: Since the early 1980s, investigators have been reporting that adolescent smokers felt "dependent" on cigarettes and that adolescents trying to quit smoking experienced the same withdrawal symptoms observed in adult quitters, including restlessness, @entity22 , increased appetite and @entity1017 , @entity146 or anger, @entity308 , craving for cigarettes, and trouble concentrating. We hypothesized that most of these symptoms might be attributed to adolescence itself. To investigate this hypothesis, we examined the prevalence of these seven "adult" withdrawal symptoms in a population of adolescent former smokers and never-smokers. @entity1 were high school students in Houston, Texas, participating in a nested, group-randomized control group study designed to estimate the impact of a CD-ROM intervention for smoking prevention and cessation. We measured differences in symptoms frequency between never-smokers and former smokers, matched in a 2:1 ratio on sex and race/ethnicity, and differences in symptoms among former smokers as a function of time since final quit attempt and prior level of smoking. Only former heavy smokers have shown significantly higher prevalence of withdrawal symptoms compared with never-smokers. Of the seven symptoms assessed, only craving incrementally increased with the intensity of smoking. Overall the individual withdrawal symptoms did not effectively differentiate between 112 never-smokers and 34 former lighter smokers ( @entity1 who used to smoke less than "a few cigarettes on most days"). @entity3347 can reliably differentiate former heavy smokers from light smokers and never-smokers, among adolescents. Because most adolescents tend to be lighter smokers, future @entity286 use and cessation studies should interpret adult withdrawal symptoms among adolescents with caution.

title: " XXXX " in adolescents: a comparison of former smokers and never-smokers.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Participants', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity3347 :: ('MESH:D013375', 'Disease') :: ['Withdrawal symptoms']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['irritability']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['weight gain']

entities_list: @entity22 :: ('MESH:D007319', 'Disease') :: ['insomnia']

answer: @entity3347 :: (MESH:D013375,Disease) :: ['Withdrawal symptoms']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Classic @entity2826 , a rare form of @entity5 , has no definitive cure. A beneficial effect of low-dose interferon (IFN) alfa was indicated by some case reports. In the present report, we summarize the results of our experience with subcutaneous low-dose IFN alfa treatment of 11 @entity1 with extensive @entity2826 and review the literature. DESIGN: Eleven @entity1 , 56-96 years old, were treated: 10 @entity1 , 1 @entity1 , 3 of whom had an associated @entity5 . Subcutaneous injections of IFN alfa were given, starting with 3 million units 5 times a week, and modified according to side effects and response after 2 weeks (2-6 million units, 3-6 times a week). This treatment was continued for 6 months, except for 1 @entity1 who died after 4 months and another who stopped treatment at 4 months due to surgery but was treated again after recurrence. Treatment was continued after 6 months when a partial response was noted, but further improvement was desired (1 @entity1 ). RESULTS: In 9 out of the 11 @entity1 , initial response was noted after 3-13 weeks of treatment. This was manifested by a reduction of lesion size and fading of color, leading to a partial resolution. Maximum response was achieved after 4-6 months. Remission lasted 4-72 months. Recurrences were retreated, with additional remissions after only 5-8 weeks of treatment. Side effects included @entity221 and @entity1295 , which were overcome by dose reduction. CONCLUSION: Whereas in @entity791 -related @entity2826 @entity1 become refractory to IFN, this was not observed in our @entity1 with @entity2826 . Moreover, unlike @entity791 -related @entity2826 , continuous treatment was not needed in @entity2826 , and recurrences were responsive to retreatment.

title: Classic XXXX : low-dose interferon alfa treatment.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity2826 :: ('MESH:D012514', 'Disease') :: ["Kaposi's sarcoma", "classic Kaposi's sarcoma"]

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'malignancy']

answer: @entity2826 :: (MESH:D012514,Disease) :: ['Kaposi's sarcoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The pathogenesis of @entity1569 has not been known exactly yet. Recently, it has been suggested that increased reactive @entity26 species (ROS) such as @entity842 (NO) and @entity1234 ( @entity1865 ) may play a part in the pathogenesis of various @entity272 , including @entity1569 . OBJECTIVES: In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of ROS in the pathogenesis of @entity1569 . METHODS: A convenience sample of 23 @entity1 with @entity1569 and 23 healthy subjects consented to participate in the study. Plasma NO and @entity1865 levels were measured in all @entity1 . Psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) and tissue levels of @entity1865 on lesional and non-lesional skin regions of @entity1569 @entity1 were measured. In addition, the correlation between age, gender with plasma NO, plasma @entity1865 and tissue @entity1865 was assessed. RESULTS: Plasma levels of NO and @entity1865 in @entity1569 @entity1 (135.8  mol/L, 4.33  mol/L, respectively) were statistically significantly higher than those in controls (33.6  mol/L, 2.03  mol/L, respectively). Tissue levels of @entity1865 in lesional tissues (49.18 nmol/gr) were significantly higher than those in non-lesional tissues (28.41 nmol/gr). A significant correlation was not found between the PASI and levels of NO and @entity1865 . In addition, a significant negative correlation was found between the plasma NO levels and age. CONCLUSION: NO and @entity1865 levels are elevated in @entity1569 @entity1 , which may indicate that oxidative stress plays an important role in the aetiopathogenesis of @entity1569 .

title: @entity842 and @entity1234 levels in plasma and tissue of @entity1569 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1569 :: ('MESH:D011565', 'Disease') :: ['psoriasis']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity1234 :: ('MESH:D008315', 'Chemical') :: ['malondialdehyde']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin diseases']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess prospectively the efficacy and tolerability of hylan G-F 20 (HG-F 20; Synvisc) and intraarticular @entity17990 (TH; Aristospan) for treatment of @entity571 ( @entity571 ) knee @entity158 in a 26 week, randomized, multicenter, evaluator-blind study. METHODS: @entity1 with @entity571 were treated with typical regimens of HG-F 20 (n = 113) and TH (n = 102). Primary assessments were the WOMAC question A1 ( @entity158 walking on a flat surface), and a 100 mm visual analog scale (VAS) for @entity1 and investigator overall assessments. Total WOMAC and WOMAC domain C (function) scores were also assessed. The intent-to-treat population was analyzed using a last-observation carried forward approach. RESULTS: Maximum @entity158 relief occurred at 1-2 weeks for TH and at Week 12 for HG-F 20. At Weeks 12 and 26, HG-F 20 was significantly better than TH for the WOMAC question A1 responses (p = 0.0071 and p = 0.0129, respectively), and @entity1 VAS (p < 0.0001 and p < 0.0001) and investigator VAS (p < 0.0300 and p = 0.0004) assessments. Similar significant (p < 0.01) results were observed at Weeks 12 and 26 for total WOMAC and domain C scores. While 15 TH-treated @entity1 discontinued the study due to lack of efficacy, none did so with HG-F 20 treatment (p < 0.01). Both agents were well tolerated with similar adverse event profiles. CONCLUSION: Viscosupplementation with HG-F 20 resulted in a longer duration of effect than TH with a comparable tolerability profile. These data support the preferential use of HG-F 20 over TH for treatment of chronic @entity158 .

title: A randomized, single-blind comparison of the efficacy and tolerability of hylan G-F 20 and @entity17990 in XXXX with @entity571 of the knee.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'OA knee pain']

entities_list: @entity17990 :: ('MESH:C005900', 'Chemical') :: ['triamcinolone hexacetonide']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['osteoarthritis', 'OA']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: We report a very rare case of a rapidly calcified @entity4282 ( @entity4282 ) in a neonate. A 26-day-old female @entity1 was referred to us from a regional hospital because of @entity1032 and a @entity410 attack. She was delivered through caesarian section because normal spontaneous vaginal delivery was prolonged and failed. At birth, mild scalp swelling was found on the right frontal area. Scalp swelling was spontaneously resolved and she was discharged without any problems. On the 25th day after her birth, the baby presented with drowsiness and @entity2421 following a generalized @entity410 . Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and a computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a chronic @entity4282 that had a thick layer of @entity730 . A small burr-hole trephination was performed and a single silastic drainage catheter was inserted. After the operation, a total of 12 ml of liquefied @entity1410 was drained, and the @entity1 's mentality improved from drowsiness to alertness. The @entity1 was asymptomatic when discharged.

title: Rapidly calcified XXXX in a neonate.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['infant', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['drowsy mentality']

entities_list: @entity4282 :: ('MESH:D046748', 'Disease') :: ['EDH', 'chronic epidural hematoma']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'tonic-clonic seizure']

entities_list: @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['calcification']

entities_list: @entity2421 :: ('MESH:D009123', 'Disease') :: ['hypotonia']

answer: @entity4282 :: (MESH:D046748,Disease) :: ['epidural hematoma']


abstract: 1. The effects of light source and intensity on leg health and performance of female ROSS 308 broiler @entity1573 were investigated in a 2 x 2 experimental design (8 groups of 275 chicks) of two light sources (Osram biolux and Osram warm-white) and two light intensities (5 and 100 clux, adjusted to fowl-perceived illuminance). 2. At 41 d of age, body weight, gait-score, footpad @entity1909 and hock-burn were measured on 50 birds from each light environment. In addition, weekly feed intake and body weight were determined on a group basis and mortality was recorded continuously. 3. The light environment did not affect the severity of the gait-score or hock-burns. The risk of moderate to severe @entity1273 and hock-burns increased with body weight. Birds weighing more than 2400 g had an increased probability of moderate @entity75 in biolux light. 4. Weight and gait-score, as well as gait-score and hock-burn were positively correlated. Podo- @entity1909 was weakly correlated with hock-burn, which contradicts earlier findings. The light environment did not affect feed intake, body weight or mortality. 5. The light sources and intensities employed in this study did not adversely affect production or leg health of broiler @entity1573 reared semi-commercially.

title: Leg health and performance of broiler XXXX reared in different light environments.

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['footpad lesions']

entities_list: @entity1909 :: ('MESH:D003872', 'Disease') :: ['dermatitis']

answer: @entity1573 :: (9031,Species) :: ['chickens']


abstract: Whole-cell patch clamp recordings were done on giant protoplasts of @entity526 . The pressure sensitivity of the protoplasts was studied. Two different unit conductance mechanosensitive channels, 1100 +/- 25 pS and 350 +/- 14 pS in 400 mM symmetric @entity4338 solution, were observed upon either applying positive pressure to the interior of the cells or down shocking the cells osmotically. The 1100 pS conductance channel discriminated poorly among the monovalent ions tested and it was permeable to @entity141 and @entity2227 -. Both of the two channels were sensitive to the osmotic gradient across the membrane; the unit conductances of the channels remained constant while the mean current of the cell was increased by increasing the osmotic gradient. Both of the channels were voltage sensitive. Voltage-ramp results showed that the pressure sensitivity of protoplasts was voltage dependent: there were more channels active upon depolarization than hyperpolarization. The mechanosensitive channels were reversibly blocked by @entity2287 ion. Also they could reversibly be inhibited by protons. Mutations in two of the @entity972 efflux systems, KefB and KefC, did not affect the channel activity, while a null mutation in the gene for KefA changed the channel activity significantly. This indicates a potential modulation of these channels by KefA.

title: Characterization of mechanosensitive channels in XXXX cytoplasmic membrane by whole-cell patch clamp recording.

entities_list: @entity2227 :: ('CHEBI:29987', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamate']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

entities_list: @entity2287 :: ('MESH:D005682', 'Chemical') :: ['gadolinium']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

answer: @entity526 :: (562,Species) :: ['Escherichia coli']


abstract: OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: Percutaneous @entity5274 ( @entity970 ) placement by means of the "pull" method has been reported to result in a significantly higher complication rate when compared with "push" @entity970 placement. These findings have led to a renewed interest in the push, or Russell introducer, method of @entity970 placement at the authors' institution when @entity970 is required before definitive treatment of advanced @entity135 . The authors sought to determine whether the push method of @entity970 placement is associated with a lower incidence of complications in this @entity1 population. STUDY DESIGN: Nonrandomized, retrospective @entity1 analysis. METHODS: The medical records of all @entity1 presenting to the Medical College of Georgia (Augusta, GA) who received a diagnosis of @entity957 of the @entity135 and neck between 1999 to 2001 were retrospectively reviewed. @entity1 who required @entity970 placement as part of their treatment comprised the study population. RESULTS: The push @entity970 technique was used in 29 @entity1 , and the pull technique was used in 50 @entity1 . There was a statistically significant difference in the complication rate between the two techniques. @entity1 who underwent placement by means of the pull technique had an overall complication rate of 30% (15 of 50) versus a 0% (0 of 29) complication rate in @entity1 undergoing the push technique (P =.0006, Fisher's Exact test). CONCLUSION: The push @entity970 technique appears to have a significantly lower risk of complications compared with the pull technique in @entity1 with advanced @entity135 . The authors recommend considering the use of the push method when @entity970 placement is required.

title: 'Push' versus 'pull' percutaneous XXXX placement in @entity1 with advanced @entity135 .

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck cancer', 'head']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5274 :: ('MESH:D005184', 'Disease') :: ['endoscopic gastrostomy tube']

answer: @entity5274 :: (MESH:D005184,Disease) :: ['endoscopic gastrostomy tube']


abstract: The authors report that 4 out of a series of 56 @entity1 (7.1%) treated with @entity136 developed an unexplained @entity358 most likely related to @entity136 . One further @entity1 developed @entity943 immediately after @entity136 exposure, leading to @entity1167 . Between 1995 and 1998 56 @entity1 with locally advanced or @entity189 were treated with @entity136 . The @entity1 suffered from @entity0 (n = 17), @entity788 (n = 17), @entity2 (n = 12), @entity5 of unknown primary (n = 5), @entity43 (n = 2), oral cavity @entity5 (n = 2) and @entity150 (n = 1). Their median age was 55 years, and there were 33 female and 23 male @entity1 . Fifteen @entity1 had been pretreated with radiation therapy: 2 had received radiation therapy involving the mediastinum as treatment for @entity1149 and @entity5 of unknown origin respectively, 11 @entity1 had had prior neoadjuvant or adjuvant radiation therapy of the chest wall for @entity0 and 2 @entity1 had received radiation therapy for @entity135 . All @entity1 received @entity136 on days 1, 8 and 15 and this was repeated on day 29 at a dose of 1000 mg/m(2) as a 30-min infusion in 250 ml isotonic @entity1219 . In 4 @entity1 @entity136 treatment was combined with @entity900 , in 7 @entity1 with a @entity1943 analogue and in 1 @entity1 with @entity1259 . All other @entity1 received @entity136 as a single agent. We assume that the @entity358 of 5 @entity1 was related to @entity136 . In 3 @entity1 re-exposure resulted in repeated @entity137 . One @entity1 did not receive @entity136 again because of the life-threatening nature of the primary response. Two @entity1 had received prior radiation to the mediastinum with 62 Gy and 50 Gy respectively, 3 years and 1 year before @entity136 application. In our experience @entity358 after @entity136 treatment is more common than initially anticipated. @entity136 should be used with caution in @entity1 who have received prior radiation to the mediastinum.

title: Severe non-haematological @entity137 after treatment with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head/neck cancer']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['non-small-cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatinum']

entities_list: @entity1259 :: ('MESH:D015251', 'Chemical') :: ['epirubicin']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary or cardiac toxicity', 'pulmonary toxicity', 'non-cardiogenic pulmonary distress syndrome']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['cancer of the bladder']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrest']

entities_list: @entity1943 :: ('MESH:D013004', 'Chemical') :: ['somatostatin']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular arrhythmia']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['Gemcitabine', 'gemcitabine']

answer: @entity136 :: (MESH:C056507,Chemical) :: ['gemcitabine']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We aimed to assess @entity1004 ( @entity1004 ) among @entity1 and @entity1 from six cities in six European countries. METHODS: Four @entity1004 types were measured in a population-based multicentre study of adults (18-64  years; n  =  3,496). Sex- and city-differences in past year prevalence were examined considering victims, perpetrators or both and considering violent acts' severity and repetition. RESULTS: Male victimization of @entity146 ranged from 48.8  % (Porto) to 71.8  % (Athens) and female victimization from 46.4  % (Budapest) to 70.5  % (Athens). Male and female victimization of sexual coercion ranged from 5.4 and 8.9  %, respectively, in Budapest to 27.1 and 25.3  % in Stuttgart. Male and female victims of physical assault ranged from 9.7 and 8.5  %, respectively, in Porto, to 31.2 and 23.1  % in Athens. Male victims of injury were 2.7  % in   stersund and 6.3  % in London and female victims were 1.4  % in   stersund and 8.5  % in Stuttgart. @entity1004 differed significantly across cities (p  <  0.05). @entity1 and @entity1 predominantly experienced @entity1004 as both victims and perpetrators with few significant sex-differences within cities. CONCLUSIONS: Results support the need to consider @entity1 and @entity1 as both potential victims and perpetrators when approaching @entity1004 .

title: Intimate partner violence: a study in @entity1 and XXXX from six European countries.

entities_list: @entity1004 :: ('MESH:C563733', 'Disease') :: ['IPV', 'intimate partner violence']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychological aggression']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The contribution of a gene to the @entity410 of a bacterium can be assayed by whether and to what degree the bacterium tolerates transposon insertions in that gene. We use this fact to compare the @entity410 of syntenic homologous genes among related @entity2491 strains and thereby reveal differences not apparent at the gene sequence level. RESULTS: A transposon Tn5 derivative was used to construct mutants in @entity2491 ATCC14028 (STM1) and @entity1680 Ty2 (STY1), which were then grown in rich media. The locations of 234,152 and 53,556 integration sites, respectively, were mapped by sequencing. These data were compared to similar data available for a different Ty2 isolate (STY2) and essential genes identified in @entity2624 (ECO). Of 277 genes considered essential in ECO, all had syntenic homologs in STM1, STY1, and STY2, and all but nine genes were either devoid of transposon insertions or had very few. For three of these nine genes, part of the annotated gene lacked transposon integrations (yejM, ftsN and murB). At least one of the other six genes, trpS, had a potentially functionally redundant gene encoded elsewhere in @entity2491 but not in ECO. An additional 165 genes were almost entirely devoid of transposon integrations in all three @entity2491 strains examined, including many genes associated with protein and DNA synthesis. Four of these genes (STM14_1498, STM14_2872, STM14_3360, and STM14_5442) are not found in @entity526 . Notable differences in the extent of gene selection were also observed among the three different @entity2491 isolates. Mutations in hns, for example, were selected against in STM1 but not in the two STY strains, which have a defect in rpoS rendering hns nonessential. CONCLUSIONS: Comparisons among transposon integration profiles from different members of a species and among related species, all grown in similar conditions, identify differences in gene contributions to @entity410 among syntenic homologs. Further differences in @entity410 profiles among shared genes can be expected in other selective environments, with potential relevance for comparative systems biology.

title: High-throughput comparison of gene XXXX among related bacteria.

entities_list: @entity2491 :: ('90371', 'Species') :: ['Salmonella Typhimurium', 'Salmonella']

entities_list: @entity1680 :: ('90370', 'Species') :: ['Salmonella Typhi']

answer: @entity410 :: (MESH:D012640,Disease) :: ['fitness']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate survival and functional results of the treatment of @entity189 of the vallecula using surgery, irradiation, and interstitial brachytherapy. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Between 1990 and 1998, 36 @entity1 with @entity957 of the vallecula were treated with horizontal supraglottic functional laryngectomy, external beam radiotherapy (median dose 54 Gy), and additional interstitial brachytherapy (median dose 16 Gy). Results were compared with a previous series of 22 @entity1 treated without brachytherapy. RESULTS: The median follow-up was 44 months. The 5-year actuarial overall survival rate was 61.3%. The 5-year specific survival rate was 86%, with 2 local failures (local control rate 94.4%) and 4 isolated distant metastases. Ten @entity1 developed a second primary. The overall survival was 34% for 22 @entity1 previously treated without brachytherapy. Severe @entity137 occurred in 9 @entity1 : death (related to @entity4 or @entity4185 , n = 1), soft tissue @entity39 (n = 1), @entity1174 (n = 1), mandibular @entity39 (n = 2), pharyngocutaneous fistula (n = 2), and @entity4 (n = 2). All the @entity1 fed orally with no definitive gastrostomy or tracheotomy. CONCLUSION: Additional brachytherapy for @entity189 seems to improve locoregional control and overall survival dramatically. Functional results were also excellent. To our knowledge, this original therapeutic schedule has never been previously described.

title: Role of brachytherapy in treatment of XXXX of the vallecula after conservative supraglottic laryngectomy followed by irradiation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['laryngeal edema', 'larynx edema']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomas', 'vallecula carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1174 :: ('MESH:D011015', 'Disease') :: ['aspiration pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity4185 :: ('MESH:D058545', 'Disease') :: ['inhalation']

answer: @entity957 :: (MESH:D002294,Disease) :: ['epidermoid carcinomas']


abstract: Protein glycosylation has long been recognized as one of the most common post-translational modifications. Most membrane proteins and extracellular proteins are N-linked glycosylated, and they account for the majority of current clinical diagnostic markers or therapeutic targets. Quantitative proteomic analysis of detectable N-linked @entity13268 from cells or tissues using mass spectrometry has the potential to provide biological basis for disease development and identify disease associated @entity13268 . However, the information of low abundance but important peptides is lost due to the lack of @entity15 / @entity15 fragmentation or low quality of @entity15 / @entity15 spectra for low abundance peptides. Here, we show the feasibility of formerly N-glycopeptide identification and quantification at @entity32988 level using genomic N-glycosite prediction (GenoGlyco) coupled with stable isotopic labeling and accurate mass matching. The GenoGlyco Analyzer software uses accurate precursor masses of detected N-deglycopeptide peaks to match them to N-linked deglycopeptides that are predicted from genes expressed in the cells. This method results in more robust glycopeptide identification compared to @entity15 / @entity15 -based identification. Our results showed that over three times the quantity of N-deglycopeptide assignments from the same mass spectrometry data could be produced in @entity43 cell lines compared to a @entity15 / @entity15 fragmentation method. Furthermore, the method was also applied to N-deglycopeptide analysis of @entity43 using the identified deglycopeptides from the two ovarian cell lines as heavy standards. We show that the described method has a great potential in the analysis of detectable N- @entity13268 from cells and tissues.

title: Analysis of N- XXXX using genomic N-glycosite prediction.

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian tumors', 'ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity13268 :: ('MESH:C565538', 'Disease') :: ['glycoproteins']

answer: @entity13268 :: (MESH:C565538,Disease) :: ['glycoproteins']


abstract: Leuconostoc species, which are the members of Streptococcaceae family, have recently been recognized as potential pathogens. They usually cause @entity281 in @entity1 with underlying disease, with venous catheters or previously treated with @entity2176 . In this report, we have presented two cases of @entity2259 . The first case was a 42 years old male @entity1 who was diagnosed to have @entity694 . He had undergone colon, stomach and distal pancreas resection operation and had given chemotherapy. Blood and catheter cultures yielded @entity3256 -resistant @entity794 . Blood cultures were repeated since @entity11248 therapy had failed, and Gram positive cocci resistant to @entity2176 were isolated. The other case was a 26 years old male @entity1 who had undergone a shunt operation because of @entity979 and @entity1276 . He had given ampirical @entity2176 therapy since he had post-operative high fever, however the therapy had failed. The catheter culture yielded Gram positive cocci resistant to @entity2176 . Both isolates were identified as Leuconostoc spp. with API 20 strep identification kit (Bio Merieux), and both of them were found sensitive to @entity114 , @entity869 , @entity3402 , @entity801 and @entity2755 , while they were resistant to @entity11248 and @entity2176 . The @entity1 were successfully treated with @entity3402 . It is concluded that, Leuconostoc spp. should be considered when @entity2176 -resistant organisms resembling streptococci are isolated from blood cultures.

title: [Case report: two XXXX cases].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3256 :: ('MESH:D008712', 'Chemical') :: ['methicillin']

entities_list: @entity801 :: ('MESH:D005839', 'Chemical') :: ['gentamicin']

entities_list: @entity2176 :: ('MESH:D014640', 'Chemical') :: ['vancomycin']

entities_list: @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['hydrocephaly']

entities_list: @entity979 :: ('MESH:D010871', 'Disease') :: ['pineal lesion']

entities_list: @entity114 :: ('MESH:D010406', 'Chemical') :: ['penicillin']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']

entities_list: @entity2755 :: ('MESH:D002701', 'Chemical') :: ['chloramphenicol']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity11248 :: ('MESH:D017334', 'Chemical') :: ['teicoplanin']

entities_list: @entity869 :: ('MESH:D000667', 'Chemical') :: ['ampicillin']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity2259 :: ('MESH:D016470', 'Disease') :: ['Leuconostoc bacteremia']

entities_list: @entity3402 :: ('MESH:D002981', 'Chemical') :: ['clindamycin']

answer: @entity2259 :: (MESH:D016470,Disease) :: ['Leuconostoc bacteremia']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: OBJECTIVES One possible cause of differences in drug efficacy and adverse reactions is genetic variation in how individuals metabolize drugs. @entity1 AND METHODS 273 Caucasian @entity309 @entity1 were treated with @entity1499 ( @entity1500 ) for at least 6 months or stopped @entity1500 because of adverse events (AEs). Seven polymorphisms in five cellular pathway genes ( @entity12859 @entity47607 , @entity26373 @entity60446 , @entity9769 @entity24038 and @entity9770 , @entity16981 2R/3R, @entity16981 6-bp deletion, and @entity23906 @entity60447 ) were examined for their effects on @entity1500 efficacy and @entity137 in this group. Genomic DNA was obtained from the peripheral blood. RESULTS 53% of @entity1 reported some @entity137 during at least one visit and 17% had AE(s) leading to @entity1500 withdrawal. Overall, @entity1500 -related AEs were more frequent in @entity1 with the @entity9769 677T allele than in those with the 677CC genotype (p = 0.01, OR=1.97) and the @entity26373 401CC genotype than in those with @entity26373 401CT and TT genotype (p=0.05, OR= 3.8). Furthermore, the @entity9769 677T allele was associated with aminotransferases elevations (p = 0.02, OR= 3.4). @entity1500 -related hepatotoxicity and @entity1665 were more frequent in @entity1 with the @entity12859 80AA genotype (p=0.01, OR= 3.5 and p=0.04, OR=2.4 respectively). A more rapid good response to @entity1500 therapy was demonstrated in @entity9769 677CC homozygotes (OR=3.4, p=0.001). There was no other relationship between the seven single-nucleotide polymorphisms and the efficacy of @entity1500 treatment. CONCLUSIONS The @entity9769 677CC and @entity26373 401TT and CT genotype were associated with a reduction in the number of @entity1500 -related AE. Composite allele and genotype analyses may help identify subsets of @entity309 @entity1 with adverse outcomes.

title: Associations between single-nucleotide polymorphisms of XXXX , @entity26373 , @entity9769 , @entity16981 and @entity23906 and the efficacy and @entity137 of @entity1499 treatment in @entity1 with @entity309 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

answer: @entity12859 :: (5981,Gene) :: ['RFC-1']


abstract: The link between chronic @entity167 consumption and @entity65 including @entity101 is well known. However, molecular mediators implicated with @entity167 -induced elevation in blood pressure (BP) remain elusive. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of chronic @entity1068 -induced endothelial injury and elevation in BP with @entity1808 levels in @entity35 . Male Fisher @entity35 were divided into two groups of seven animals each and treated as follows: (1) Control (5% @entity969 , orally) daily for 12 weeks and (2) @entity1068 (4 g kg(-1), orally) daily for 12 weeks. The BP (systolic, diastolic, and mean) was recorded every week. The animals were anesthetized with pentobarbital after 12 weeks; blood and thoracic aorta were isolated and analyzed for aortic reactivity response, @entity1808 levels, and oxidative endothelial injury. The results show that the systolic, diastolic, and mean BP were significantly elevated 12 weeks after @entity1068 ingestion. The increased BP was related to elevated @entity1808 levels in the plasma and aorta of @entity167 treated group compared to control. The aortic @entity1110 oxidase activity, ratio of oxidized to reduced @entity2041 ( @entity9492 / @entity2197 ) and lipid peroxidation significantly increased, whereas @entity842 (NO), endothelial NO synthase (eNOS), and @entity6667 ( @entity6667 ) protein expressions were depressed in @entity167 group compared to control. The @entity2647 -mediated vasoconstriction response was not altered, while @entity934 -mediated vasorelaxation response was depressed in the aorta of @entity1068 treated @entity35 compared to control. It is concluded that chronic @entity1068 ingestion induces @entity101 which is correlated with elevated tissue @entity1808 levels, activation of @entity1110 oxidase activity causing endothelial injury, depletion of endothelial NO generating system, and @entity455 in @entity35 .

title: Chronic @entity167 -induced oxidative endothelial injury relates to XXXX levels in the @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['impaired vascular relaxation']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity2041 :: ('MESH:D005978', 'Chemical') :: ['glutathione']

entities_list: @entity969 :: ('MESH:D013395', 'Chemical') :: ['sucrose']

entities_list: @entity2647 :: ('MESH:D010656', 'Chemical') :: ['phenylephrine']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity6667 :: ('83785(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor', 'VEGF']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular injury']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity1808 :: (24179(Tax:10116),Gene) :: ['angiotensin II']


abstract: BACKGROUND: An increasing number of countries in sub-Saharan Africa are changing to @entity17743 combination therapy (ACT) as first or second line treatment for @entity311 . There is an urgent need to assess the safety of these drugs in pregnant @entity1 who may be inadvertently exposed to or actively treated with ACTs. OBJECTIVES: To examine existing published evidence on the relationship between @entity507 compounds and adverse pregnancy outcomes and consider the published evidence with regard to the safety of these compounds when administered during pregnancy. METHODS: Studies on ACT use in pregnancy were identified via searches of MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane and Current Contents databases. Data on study characteristics, maternal adverse events, pregnancy outcomes and @entity1 follow up were extracted. RESULTS: Fourteen relevant studies (nine descriptive/case reports and five controlled trials) were identified. Numbers of @entity1 in these studies ranged from six to 461. Overall there were reports on 945 @entity1 exposed to an @entity507 during pregnancy, 123 in the 1st trimester and 822 in 2nd or 3rd trimesters. The primary end points for these studies were drug efficacy and parasite clearance. Secondary endpoints were birth outcomes including low birth weight, pre-term birth, @entity393 , @entity154 and developmental milestones. While none of the studies found evidence for an association between the use of @entity507 compounds and increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, none were of sufficient size to detect small differences in event rates that could be of public health importance. Heterogeneity between studies in the @entity507 and comparator drugs used, and in definitions of adverse pregnancy outcomes, limited any pooled analysis. CONCLUSION: The limited data available suggest that @entity17743 are effective and unlikely to be cause of foetal @entity2524 , when used in late pregnancy. However, none of these studies had adequate power to rule out rare serious adverse events, even in 2nd and 3rd trimesters and there is not enough evidence to effectively assess the risk-benefit profile of @entity507 compounds for pregnant @entity1 particularly for 1st trimester exposure. Methodologically rigorous, larger studies and post-marketing pharmacovigilance are urgently required.

title: The safety of XXXX during pregnancy: a pressing question.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['congenital anomalies']

entities_list: @entity17743 :: ('MESH:D037621', 'Chemical') :: ['artemisinins']

entities_list: @entity507 :: ('MESH:C031327', 'Chemical') :: ['artemisinin']

entities_list: @entity2524 :: ('MESH:D016388', 'Disease') :: ['loss or abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['pregnancy loss']

answer: @entity17743 :: (MESH:D037621,Chemical) :: ['artemisinins']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 502 Background: ER-positive (ER+) @entity0 includes all of the intrinsic molecular subtypes, although the luminal subtypes predominate. In this study, we evaluated the prognostic ability and biologic significance of 6 independent gene-expression signatures in @entity1 (pts) with ER+ @entity5 treated only with adjuvant @entity440 . METHODS: Four public microarray data sets and added clinical data were combined. Signatures evaluated: OncotypeDX, Mammaprint, PAM50, Rotterdam 76-gene, endocrine sensitivity index (SET) and the @entity172 -induced gene set. We also included qRT-PCR PAM50 data from another large cohort (Nielsen et al. 2010). Distant relapse-free survival (DRFS) at 8.5 yrs was estimated by Kaplan-Meier and log-rank tests. Multivariable analyses were done using Cox regression analysis. Risk scores across the PAM50 subtypes were compared using a student's t-test. Mean Harrell's C-index after 200 repetitive cross-validations was used to evaluate the performance prediction. RESULTS: 686 node- and 731 node+ pts were identified. PAM50 subtype distribution was @entity45061 (46%), LumB (39%), @entity1722 -enriched (7%), Basal-like (2%) and Normal-like (6%). Most signatures discriminated the relatively good prognosis @entity45061 @entity5 from the poorer prognosis LumB/ @entity1722 -enriched/Basal-like @entity5 and were prognostic in all pts (p<0.001), in pts with node- (p<0.001) and node+ disease (p<0.05). In terms of performance, the majority showed similar C-Index scores in node- (   0.73) and node+ (   0.60) disease. A small increase in prognostic capacity in node- disease (   0.75) was observed when these signatures were combined into a multivariable Cox model. @entity5 (>90% DRFS at 8.5 yrs) were only identified within node- disease, and these were mostly (81-100%) of the @entity45061 subtype. CONCLUSIONS: In a large ER+ @entity1 cohort, prognostic and ER-regulated gene signatures are tracking similar biology and show significant agreement in outcome predictions; however, their performance in node+ appears minimal. From a clinical perspective, these signatures should specifically aid in identifying pts with node-negative @entity45061 @entity0 that might be considered for adjuvant endocrine therapies alone.

title: Concordance among gene-expression-based predictors for XXXX treated with adjuvant @entity440 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity440 :: ('MESH:D013629', 'Chemical') :: ['tamoxifen']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancers', 'breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Low-risk tumors', 'tumors']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['ER-positive breast cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine whether @entity548 ( @entity548 ) was associated with racing performance inThoroughbred @entity1641 not medicated with @entity1483 and not using nasal dilator strips. DESIGN: Observational cross-sectional study. ANIMALS: 744 two- to 10-year-old Thoroughbred @entity1641 racing in Melbourne, Australia. PROCEDURE: @entity1641 were enrolled prior to racing, and a tracheobronchoscopic examination was performed after 1 race. Examinations were recorded on videotape, and presence and severity (grade 0 to 4) of @entity548 were subsequently determined by 3 observers blinded to the @entity1641 ' identity. Race records were abstracted for each @entity1641 examined. RESULTS: Overall, 52.1% of @entity1641 eligible for participation in the study were examined, and @entity1641 that were examined did not differ from @entity1641 that were not examined in regard to age, sex distribution, or proportion of @entity1641 that won or finished in the first 3 positions. @entity1641 with @entity548 grades < 1 were 4.0 times as likely to win, 1.8 times as likely to finish in the first 3 positions, and 3.03 times as likely to be in the 90th percentile or higher for race earnings as were @entity1641 with grades > 2. @entity1641 with @entity548 grades > 1 finished significantly farther behind the winner than did @entity1641 without @entity548 . However, odds that @entity1641 with grade 1 @entity548 would win or finish in the first 3 positions were not significantly different from odds for @entity1641 without @entity548 . CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results suggest that @entity548 is associated with impaired performance in Thoroughbred racehorses not medicated with @entity1483 and not using nasal dilator strips.

title: Association between XXXX and performance in Thoroughbred racehorses.

entities_list: @entity1641 :: ('9796', 'Species') :: ['Horses', 'horse', 'horses']

entities_list: @entity1483 :: ('MESH:D005665', 'Chemical') :: ['furosemide']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage', 'EIPH']

answer: @entity548 :: (MESH:D006470,Disease) :: ['exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage']


abstract: In an open, randomized phase II comparative study, 256 @entity1 with @entity697 (less than two episodes of @entity365 in the 6 months preceding study entry) were treated with @entity24320 according to one of the following treatment schedules: 2 x 100 mg o.d. for 1 day (87 @entity1 ), 2 x 100 mg b.i.d. for 1 day (83 @entity1 ), or 2 x 100 mg o.d. for 2 days (86 @entity1 ). A total of 236 @entity1 were included in the efficacy analysis. Diagnosis of @entity365 was made at the start by a direct microscopic examination of a vaginal smear and was confirmed by culture. The majority of isolated @entity375 were @entity5132 (97.6%). All three dose regimens resulted in clinical cure rates of over 75%, and these were maintained for at least 1 month after the end of treatment. There was a difference in mycological cure rates between the three dose schedules (71, 85 and 92%) 1 week after the end of therapy. In view of the clinical and mycological results both 1 week and 1 month after the end of treatment, it can be concluded that a total dose of 400 mg of @entity24320 given in a single day is the optimum treatment schedule. All treatment regimens were well tolerated (adverse experiences occurred in 1.6% of the @entity1 ) and the results 1 month after termination of therapy suggest a low relapse rate.

title: Phase II trial: an evaluation of oral XXXX in @entity697 : a comparison of three dosage schedules.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute vaginal candidosis']

entities_list: @entity24320 :: ('MESH:C060571', 'Chemical') :: ['saperconazole']

entities_list: @entity5132 :: ('5476', 'Species') :: ['Candida albicans']

entities_list: @entity365 :: ('MESH:D014627', 'Disease') :: ['vaginal candidosis']

answer: @entity24320 :: (MESH:C060571,Chemical) :: ['saperconazole']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1412 ( @entity1412 ) has historically been treated by colectomy and ileorectal anastomosis (IRA). Preservation of the rectum allows the subsequent development of @entity5 in the rectum. The risk of @entity5 following ileorectal anastomosis in the Australian population has not been published to date. METHODS: An audit of the @entity1412 Registry of Western Australia was undertaken to assess @entity1 who had undergone colectomy and ileorectal anastomosis. Fifty-five @entity1 ranging in age from 13 to 65 years were studied. RESULTS: Seven @entity1 (13%) developed @entity188 with a median follow-up of 10 years (range: 1-31 years). Median interval to diagnosis of @entity188 following colectomy and IRA was 10 years. All @entity1 who developed @entity5 in the retained rectum had @entity1127 . @entity694 was present in the initial colectomy specimen in 13 @entity1 (of these, five @entity1 developed @entity5 ). Flat @entity1127 were noted in five @entity1 . Four @entity1 with flat @entity1127 developed @entity188 . CONCLUSIONS: Total colectomy and IRA should be considered as part 1 of a staged procedure in the @entity1 with @entity1412 . With the exception of the @entity1 with no evidence of @entity1127 , completion proctectomy should be undertaken within 10 years of the initial colectomy.

title: @entity5 following colectomy and ileorectal anastomosis for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1127 :: ('MESH:D011127', 'Disease') :: ['polyps', 'rectal polyps']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'rectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity188 :: ('MESH:D012004', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma of the rectum', 'cancer of the rectum']

entities_list: @entity1412 :: ('MESH:D011125', 'Disease') :: ['Familial Adenomatous Polyposis', 'Familial adenomatous polyposis', 'FAP']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['Colon cancer']

answer: @entity1412 :: (MESH:D011125,Disease) :: ['familial adenomatous polyposis']


abstract: The peripheral pulmonary arteries of 5 @entity235 were embolized with boiled autologous clots via the external right jugular vein. Angiography determined the location and approximate size of the @entity999 in the peripheral pulmonary arteries. With spin echo techniques, transverse axial magnetic resonance (MR) images (0.3 T, 12.77 MHz) were obtained in each animal from apex to thorax base, on a permanent magnet scanner. The sensitivity of MR imaging was assessed to detect these clots and to determine their size and location. In 2 @entity235 , scans were also obtained before embolization in order to exclude possible artifactual areas of increased signal. Fourteen out of 19 @entity999 were identified on the MR scans as areas of increased signal. Their diameter measured a minimum of 2.7 mm matching the filling defects seen on the angiograms. There were three false positive @entity999 on MR probably related to slow blood flow in the inferior vena cava. There were 9 false negative @entity999 on MR. The increased MR signal seen in @entity235 with pulmonary @entity999 results from the embolus itself and from slow blood flow distal to the obstructive embolus.

title: Diagnosis of peripheral pulmonary emboli by MR imaging: an experimental study in XXXX .

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['dogs']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity12585 derivatives are known to be novel insulin-sensitizing agents and ligands of a nuclear hormone receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma ( @entity9781 ). Recently, ligands of @entity9781 have been shown to modulate proinflammatory cytokine production and NF-kappaB activation. AIM: To show that @entity12585 derivatives interfere with the development of chronic @entity788 . METHODOLOGY: @entity35 chow containing 0.2% @entity4506 was administered from 1 month to 7 months of age in WBN/Kob @entity35 with spontaneous chronic @entity788 . Morphologic evaluation of the pancreas was performed at 4 months and 7 months of age. Pancreas weight, protein, amylase, and insulin contents also were determined. Changes of cytokine levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay or semiquantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Localization and expression of @entity9781 in the pancreas and isolated peritoneal macrophages were examined by immunohistochemical study. RESULTS: Administration of @entity4506 reduced the severity of morphologic @entity660 including @entity32 , and @entity82 markedly improved by the administration of @entity4506 . Further, @entity4506 was able to prevent the decrease in amylase content and @entity194 that were observed in WBN/Kob rats. Serum IL-8 levels and @entity1505 mRNA levels in the pancreas were significantly elevated in WBN/Kob @entity35 , and these were dramatically attenuated by @entity4506 . Peritoneal macrophages isolated from normal @entity35 expressed @entity9781 at low levels, whereas those from WBN/Kob @entity35 abundantly expressed @entity9781 . CONCLUSION: @entity4506 prevented the progression of pancreatic inflammatory process in an animal model of chronic @entity788 . Macrophages may be one of the targets of the @entity9781 ligand to attenuate the severity of chronic @entity788 , partially mediated by the inhibition of proinflammatory cytokine gene expression.

title: @entity12585 derivatives as novel therapeutic agents to prevent the development of chronic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory cell infiltration']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity4506 :: ('MESH:C057693', 'Chemical') :: ['troglitazone', 'Troglitazone']

entities_list: @entity12585 :: ('MESH:C089946', 'Chemical') :: ['thiazolidinedione', 'Thiazolidinedione']

entities_list: @entity660 :: ('MESH:D010182', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic damage']

entities_list: @entity194 :: ('MESH:D001284', 'Disease') :: ['pancreas atrophy']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This objective of the review and analysis is to demonstrate that @entity1033 ( @entity3073 ) 3% ophthalmic ointment is superior to @entity9989 ( @entity28299 ) in treating @entity1034 ( @entity1034 ) presenting as dendritic and geographic ulcer sub-types. METHODS: Data sources: Publications in @entity1 subjects were identified by searching the Ovid MEDLINE database through April 2011, combining medical subject headings (MESH) " @entity1036 , @entity10926 /" AND " @entity1033 /" limiting by the key words "topical" OR "ointment" and also restricted to MESH "Administration, Topical/" OR "Ointments/". The results were @entity2915 checked with the references used in the Cochrane Database Syst @entity43153 :1-134, 2009 and GlaxoSmithKline clinical documents related to @entity1033 . STUDY SELECTION: Randomized, double-masked studies in subjects diagnosed with @entity1034 with head to head comparator arms of @entity3073 ophthalmic ointment and topical @entity28299 that had actual or calculable healing rates at Day seven. DATA EXTRACTION: Data independently extracted from identified articles by two authors of this manuscript. DATA SYNTHESIS: Data from seven randomized, controlled trials (RCT) evaluating 432 subjects that met inclusion criteria (214 were treated with @entity3073 and 218 were treated with @entity28299 ) and had Day seven healing rates calculable. All sub-classified lesions were identified as either @entity1066 (n   =   185) or geographic @entity1066 (n   =   35). The Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel (CMH) method in Biometrics 10:417-51, 1954 and JNCI 22:719-48, 1959, controlling for study, was performed as the primary analysis using SAS v9. Homogeneity was assessed using Breslow-Day-Tarone (BDT) test in IARC 1:1-32, 1980 and Biometrika 72:91-5, 1985. The analysis was performed with outliers removed to assess their impact. RESULTS: @entity3073 showed statistically significant greater odds of healing @entity1034 at Day seven in all subjects (Odds Ratio 3.95, 95% CI2.60, 6.00, p <0.0001), in @entity1066 (Odds Ratio 4.22, 95% CI: 2.14, 8.32; p   <   0.0001) and geographic @entity1066 (Odds Ratio 5.31, 95% CI: 1.09, 25.93; p =0.0244). CONCLUSION: @entity3073 3% ophthalmic ointment is a valuable intervention for @entity3283 . @entity3073 and @entity28299 were generally well tolerated in the studies reviewed.

title: A systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the efficacy of @entity1033 3% ophthalmic ointment to @entity9989 in curing XXXX by Day 7 of treatment.

entities_list: @entity1033 :: ('MESH:D000212', 'Chemical') :: ['Acyclovir', 'acyclovir']

entities_list: @entity9989 :: ('MESH:D007065', 'Chemical') :: ['idoxuridine']

entities_list: @entity1034 :: ('MESH:D016849', 'Disease') :: ['HK', 'herpetic keratitis']

entities_list: @entity1036 :: ('MESH:D007634', 'Disease') :: ['Keratitis']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['dendritic ulcers', 'ulcers']

entities_list: @entity3283 :: ('MESH:D003320', 'Disease') :: ['dendritic and geographic corneal ulcers']

answer: @entity1034 :: (MESH:D016849,Disease) :: ['herpetic keratitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Both shoulder surgeons and @entity1 who are considering total shoulder arthroplasty are interested in the anticipated improvement in shoulder comfort and function after the procedure. The purpose of the present study was to characterize shoulder-specific functional gains in relation to preoperative shoulder function and to present this information in a way that can be easily communicated to @entity1 who are considering this surgery. METHODS: We analyzed the preoperative and follow-up shoulder function in @entity1 managed with total shoulder arthroplasty for the treatment of primary @entity571 . Functional self-assessments were available for 102 (80%) of 128 shoulders after thirty to sixty months of follow-up. Outcome was assessed with respect to the change in the number of shoulder functions that were performable, the change in shoulder function as a percentage of the preoperative functional deficit, and the change in the ability to perform specific shoulder functions. RESULTS: The average number of shoulder functions that were performable improved from four of twelve preoperatively to nine of twelve postoperatively (p < 0.01). Function improved in ninety-six shoulders (94%). The number of functions that were performable at the time of follow-up was positively associated with preoperative shoulder function (p < 0.05): the better the preoperative function, the better the follow-up function. The improvement in function was greatest for shoulders with less preoperative function (p < 0.01). On the average, @entity1 regained approximately two-thirds of the functions that had been absent preoperatively. Significant improvement was noted in eleven of the twelve shoulder functions that were examined (p < 0.01). The chance of regaining a function that had been absent before surgery was 73%, whereas the chance of losing a function that had been present before surgery was 6%. Older @entity1 tended to have greater functional improvement than younger @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Total shoulder arthroplasty for the treatment of primary @entity571 significantly improves shoulder function. Postoperative function is related to preoperative function. The improvement that was observed in this clinical series can be conveyed to @entity1 most simply by stating that, after surgery, shoulders typically regained approximately two-thirds of the functions that had been absent preoperatively.

title: Characterizing the functional improvement after total shoulder arthroplasty for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['glenohumeral osteoarthritis']

answer: @entity571 :: (MESH:D010003,Disease) :: ['osteoarthritis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study examined surgical trends for @entity957 ( @entity957 ) from 1998 to 2012, with a post-2009 focus coinciding with the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval of transoral robotic surgery (TORS). METHODS: Using the National @entity5 Data Base, the study analyzed 84,449 @entity1 with  stage I-IVB @entity957 .    (2) tests and logistic regression models were used to examine surgical trends. RESULTS: The use of surgery decreased from 41.4  % in 1998 to 30.4  % in 2009 (p  <  0.001). The surgical trends reversed and in 2012 increased to 34.8  % (p  <  0.001). There was much variation in surgery in 2012 between American Joint Committee on @entity5 stages, with 80.2  % of stage I @entity1 receiving surgery compared with 54.0  % of stage II @entity1 , 36.8  % of stage III @entity1 , and 28.5  % of stage IV @entity1 (p  <  0.001). Black @entity1 with high @entity159 ( @entity159 ) showed lower use of surgery (25.3  %) compared to low @entity159 white (32.3  %) and low @entity159 Hispanic @entity1 (27.3  %) (p  <  0.001). The highest surgical rates were noted in the West North Central region and lowest rates were observed in the New England and South Atlantic regions. Between 2009 and 2012, independent predictors of surgical treatment included young age, female gender, white or Hispanic race, high @entity159 , private insurance, academic hospitals, hospitals in the West North Central region, residence more than 75 miles from the hospital, increasing comorbidities, stage I disease, and tonsil origin (all p  <  0.05). CONCLUSION: Since FDA approval of TORS in 2009, surgical rates have increased with multiple socioeconomic and regional factors affecting @entity1 selection. This study provides a basis for further investigation into factors involved in decision making for @entity957 @entity1 .

title: A Contemporary Analysis of Surgical Trends in the Treatment of @entity957 of the Oropharynx from 1998 to 2012: A Report from the National XXXX Database.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['OPC', 'oropharynx squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity159 :: ('MESH:D013226', 'Disease') :: ['SES', 'socioeconomic status']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Cancer']


abstract: Whether extensive ablation of renal mass in @entity1 leads to progressive @entity631 , @entity644 , and @entity101 , as it does in animal models, is a matter of controversy. We have studied kidney function in six @entity1 who underwent enucleation of a @entity1358 in a solitary kidney. Four @entity1 had previously had a nephrectomy. The two others each had one @entity8 . Serum @entity1011 levels before surgery were within the normal range (mean, 99.9 mumol/L [1.13 mg/dL]). Two weeks after @entity5 enucleation, @entity1011 levels were significantly higher than the preoperative values (mean, 124.6 mumol/L [1.41 mg/dL]). The follow-up period varied from 10 to 23 months. In all @entity1 , kidney function improved during the following months. Serum @entity1011 levels nearly reached preoperative values in all @entity1 (mean, 105.2 mumol/L [1.19 mg/dL]). None of the @entity1 showed a progressive @entity177 or @entity644 . We found a modest increase in blood pressure in two @entity1 who had been normotensive before surgery. In conclusion, @entity5 enucleation in a solitary kidney did not cause significant @entity8 in our @entity1 , at least in the short term.

title: Renal function after XXXX enucleation in a solitary kidney.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['atrophic, nonfunctioning kidney', 'renal injury to the remnant kidneys']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['deterioration in renal function']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['renal cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity631 :: ('MESH:D005921', 'Disease') :: ['glomerulosclerosis']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumor']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of previous exposure to @entity205 ( @entity870 ) on experimental @entity2521 in @entity35 . DESIGN: Forty @entity35 were divided into 4 groups: Control (CON); @entity205 ( @entity870 ), which received daily doses of 10mg/kg @entity870 ; Ligature ( @entity60508 ), which received an insertion of a @entity2708 ligature around the mandibular 1st molar at day 30; and Ligature and @entity870 (CsAL), which were treated with @entity870 and the @entity2708 ligature. At day 60 of the experiment, animals were sacrificed, and groups were compared with regards to Alkaline Phosphatase (AP) activity, @entity8032 , @entity604 ( @entity604 ), bone resorption at furcation ligament area (LA) and TRAP+ cells. Data were analyzed by ANOVA/Tukey and Kruskal-Wallis and were considered to be statistically significant at 5% level. RESULTS: @entity870 and @entity60508 groups showed similar @entity2522 , which was higher than that in the CON and lower than in the CsAL group (p=0.001). The ratio between epithelial area and connective area for the CON group was similar to the @entity870 group and higher than that for the @entity60508 groups (p=0.0334). Mean percentage of @entity604 for the CON group was similar to that for the CsAL group and higher than that of the @entity870 and @entity60508 groups (p=0.0007). No difference was observed regarding AP (p=0.2806) and TRAP+ cells (p=0.3995) among experimental groups. Mean values for LA of CON were similar to @entity870 , and both were statistically lower than the CsAL and @entity60508 groups (p=0.0172). CONCLUSION: Based on these results, we posit that previous exposure to @entity870 may influence @entity8032 , but not @entity604 , in @entity35 with experimental @entity2521 .

title: Previous exposure to @entity205 and periodontal breakdown in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2522 :: ('MESH:D005891', 'Disease') :: ['gingival area']

entities_list: @entity604 :: ('MESH:D016301', 'Disease') :: ['PBS', 'bone loss', 'periodontal bone support']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['Cyclosporine A']

entities_list: @entity2521 :: ('MESH:D010518', 'Disease') :: ['periodontitis']

entities_list: @entity8032 :: ('MESH:D019214', 'Disease') :: ['gingival overgrowth']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: The malignant potential of an individual focus of @entity263 is difficult to determine. The established pathological features associated with malignant behavior include @entity5 volume, grade, and invasiveness (local extension or @entity3 ). We used nuclear image analysis to determine the DNA ploidy value of each @entity5 in a series of 30 radical prostatectomy specimens from @entity1 with early @entity5 in order to further explore the malignant potential of each separate focus of @entity5 . The volume, grade, invasiveness (extracapsular extension or seminal vesicle invasion), and zone of origin of each of the 63 separate @entity5 were determined. The DNA ploidy histogram of 200 @entity5 cells was compared with 50 normal epithelial nuclei on the same Feulgen-stained tissue sections. Sixty % of the @entity5 were diploid, and 40% were nondiploid. Ploidy correlated with volume and grade. All @entity5 less than 0.02 cm3 were diploid; 26% of foci 0.02 to 2.0 cm3 and 82% of foci greater than 2.0 cm3 were nondiploid. There were 16 @entity5 of transition zone origin ranging in size from 0.02 to 12.1 cm3 and only one (7.3 cm3) was nondiploid. There were 47 @entity5 of peripheral zone origin (range, 0.01 to 18.98) and 24 (51%) were nondiploid. Eight of the 24 nondiploid @entity5 were small (less than 1.0 cm3), and two were only 0.03 cm3. We conclude that some @entity263 are nondiploid and that progression of @entity263 is not a function of volume alone, whereby @entity5 only acquire full malignant potential at large volumes. Cancers of peripheral zone origin acquire a nondiploid cell population at a smaller volume than do @entity5 of transition zone origin, further supporting a fundamental difference between @entity5 arising in these zones.

title: DNA ploidy by image analysis of individual foci of XXXX : a preliminary report.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'stage prostate cancer', 'cancers', 'cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['very small prostate cancers', 'prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate cancer']


abstract: The effects of @entity868 and @entity2983 ( @entity3504 ) on @entity112 receptor-effector systems in the small intestine and right atrium of the @entity840 were studied. In an apparently all-or-none manner, both caused a sinistral shift in dose-response curves for the phasic component of the contractile response to @entity112 at H1 receptors on the ileum. In the presence of either, the EC50 value for @entity112 was reduced from 0.07 to about 0.03 microM. Similarly, in an apparently all-or-none fashion, both produced an elevation in the dose-response curve for the actions of dimaprit at H2-receptors in the ileum; the response to all doses was increased about 30% with no significant change in the EC50 value. @entity868 and @entity3504 did not alter dose-response curves for the tonic contractile response to @entity112 or curves generated by the cumulative addition of @entity112 . Also, neither altered the positive chronotropic response on isolated right atria or the phasic contractile response on isolated segments of jejunum and duodenum to @entity112 or dimaprit. Likewise, neither altered dose-response curves for the direct action of @entity5402 at muscarinic receptors or for the indirect actions of @entity6958 on the ileum. The effects of @entity3504 or @entity868 on the response to @entity112 could be prevented as well as reversed by @entity5591 or @entity1022 . The results suggest that @entity868 and @entity3504 enhance the actions of @entity112 and dimaprit on the ileum by an action on myenteric plexus neurons.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: @entity868 and @entity2983 enhance the contractile activity of histaminergic agonists on the XXXX isolated ileum.

entities_list: @entity868 :: ('MESH:D008795', 'Chemical') :: ['metronidazole', 'Metronidazole']

entities_list: @entity1022 :: ('MESH:D013779', 'Chemical') :: ['tetrodotoxin']

entities_list: @entity6958 :: ('MESH:D004246', 'Chemical') :: ['dimethylphenylpiperazinium']

entities_list: @entity112 :: ('MESH:D006632', 'Chemical') :: ['histamine']

entities_list: @entity5591 :: ('MESH:D012601', 'Chemical') :: ['scopolamine']

entities_list: @entity5402 :: ('MESH:D002217', 'Chemical') :: ['carbamylcholine']

entities_list: @entity2983 :: ('MESH:D019804', 'Chemical') :: ['5-aminosalicylic acid']

answer: @entity840 :: (10141,Species) :: ['guinea-pig']


abstract: Almost a quarter of a century ago, the banding patterns of @entity1 and other higher primate chromosomes were compared, creating a barrage of speculation. Consequently, a number of approaches have been used to understand @entity1 descent. Chromosome modifications are believed to be important in the origin of species, and pericentric inversions account for the majority of evolutionary chromosomal alterations seen in Hominoidea. A comparative mapping fluorescence in situ hybridization technique, using locus-specific DNA probes as phylogenotic markers, was used to decipher the pericentric inversions of @entity1 chromosomes 11 and 12. @entity1 -derived ( @entity1 , HSA) DNA probes for @entity8889 , @entity20779 and @entity10006 protooncogenes were used to identify their homologous locations in the chromosomes of @entity831 ( @entity831 , @entity58815 ), @entity30576 , GGO) and @entity17055 ( @entity17055 , PPY). The @entity10006 and @entity20779 loci mapping results confirm the earlier putative claim that a pericentric inversion took place in HSA chromosome 11 and its equivalent @entity58815 and GGO chromosomes. In addition, these data provide additional information regarding the @entity17055 's position on the evolutionary tree of Pongidae and Hominidae. @entity8889 mapping reveals that a pericentric inversion occurred in the HSA chromosome 12 equivalent in @entity58815 and GGO, but was not seen in HSA or PPY. These pericentric inversions in @entity58815 and GGO may have occurred at a period when both @entity58815 and GGO had branched off from the Hominoidae trunk. The use of loci-specific probes to decipher pericentric inversions has proved to be a formidable approach in characterizing chromosome rearrangements and providing further evidence on @entity1 descent.

title: Evolutionary divergence of the oncogenes @entity8889 , @entity20779 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Homo sapiens', 'human', 'Human']

entities_list: @entity30576 :: ('9595', 'Species') :: ['gorilla (Gorilla gorilla']

entities_list: @entity17055 :: ('9600', 'Species') :: ['Pongo pygmaeus', 'orangutan']

entities_list: @entity831 :: ('9598', 'Species') :: ['Pan troglodytes', 'chimpanzee']

answer: @entity10006 :: (2248,Gene) :: ['INT2']


abstract: The ocular tilt reaction (OTR) consists of skew deviation, ocular torsion and head tilt. A 54-year-old @entity1 developed @entity892 . On primary gaze, there was skew deviation with the @entity735 . The photography of fundus disclosed 15 degrees of excyclotropia of the right eye and 20 degrees of @entity735 . There was no motor @entity73 , @entity2055 or changes in consciousness. Brain MRI, including T2WI, FLAIR and DWI, revealed two lesions of high signal intensities in bilateral paramedian thalamus, with the much larger and brighter one on the right side. These findings constituted an ipsiversive partial OTR, i.e. skew and torsion toward the side of the lesion. OTR as the only manifestation of paramedian @entity64 is rare. A previous report by Dieterich and Brandt indicated that if an OTR occurred in a paramedian @entity1188 , there should be concurrent @entity63 of the interstitial nucleus of Cajal, and it was always contraversive. In contrast, the lesions in our case were quite localized in the paramedian thalamus, not extending into the midbrain. In addition, this report demonstrated an OTR could be ipsiversive under such conditions, opposite to the direction mentioned in previous reports.

title: Ipsiversive partial ocular tilt reaction in a @entity1 with acute paramedian thalamic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['thalamic stroke']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['deficit, sensory impairment']

entities_list: @entity735 :: ('MESH:D005124', 'Disease') :: ['incyclotropia of the left eye', 'left eye higher than the right eye']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['thalamic infarct']

entities_list: @entity892 :: ('MESH:D004172', 'Disease') :: ['sudden onset of vertical diplopia']

answer: @entity1188 :: (MESH:D007238,Disease) :: ['infarctions']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: e14653 Background: Biliary tract @entity189 (BTC) is rare in the West, but not uncommon in Asia and is highly fatal @entity5 . While @entity136 -based regimen is considered as reasonable option for first-line treatment, most @entity1 progress eventually. @entity7 expression is related with poor outcome in @entity1 with BTC. Therefore, we conducted phase II study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of @entity2240 as second-line treatment in previously treated unresectable, metastatic BTC. METHODS: This was a prospective, single-arm, multicenter, multinational study. @entity1 with unresectable, metastatic BTC who progressed after first-line cytotoxic chemotherapy were eligible. @entity2240 was administered at 37.5 mg once daily continuously with 4-week cycle until progression, unacceptable @entity137 or consent withdrawal. The primary end point was the @entity1054 ( @entity1054 ) and the secondary end points were response rate (RR), overall survival (OS) and safety profile. RESULTS: Between May 2009 and October 2010, a total of 56 @entity1 were enrolled from three countries. The median age was 55 years (range 38-75) and male to female ratio was 37:19 (66.1% : 33.9%). Forty one (73.2%) had @entity5 and 15 (26.8%) had @entity1086 . Median @entity1054 was 1.7 months. (95% CI 1.0-2.4) The objective response rate was 8.9% (95% CI 3.0-19.6: 5 PR, 18 SD, 28 @entity1726 ) and disease control rate was 50.0%. (95% CI 36.3-63.7) The median overall survival was 4.8 months. (95% CI 3.8-4.8) grade 3-4 @entity137 were observed in 42.1% of the @entity1 with @entity1398 being the most frequent. (17.9%). CONCLUSIONS: This phase II study demonstrated that @entity2240 monotherapy was a feasible treatment for metastatic BTC @entity1 who have failed to previous chemotherapy.

title: Phase II study of XXXX as second-line treatment in advanced biliary tract carcinoma: Multicenter, multinational study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity2240 :: ('MESH:C473478', 'Chemical') :: ['Sunitinib', 'sunitinib']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy', 'intra or extrahepatic duct cancer']

entities_list: @entity1054 :: ('MESH:D000377', 'Disease') :: ['TTP', 'time to progression']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity1086 :: ('MESH:D005706', 'Disease') :: ['gall bladder cancer']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['gemcitabine']

answer: @entity2240 :: (MESH:C473478,Chemical) :: ['sunitinib']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of dose-dense and -intense sequential @entity632 (A), @entity1311 (T) and @entity786 (C) as adjuvant therapy for @entity0 ( @entity0 ) with >or=4 ipsilateral axillary lymph nodes. METHODS: @entity1 were recruited after @entity0 surgery if >or=4 axillary nodes were involved by @entity5 . Planned treatment was A 90 mg/m(2) three times every 14 days (q14d x 3), T 250 mg/m(2) @entity8429 /m(2) q14d x 3 combined with filgrastim support. RESULTS: The study enrolled 85 eligible @entity1 . The median number of lymph nodes involved was 9. Mean dose intensity was >94% of planned for each drug. Common grade 3 @entity137 included @entity1209 (24%), @entity33 (18%), @entity16 (16%), @entity5515 (12%), @entity925 (6%) and @entity4841 (6%). Grade 3/4 @entity1398 occurred in 77 (91%) @entity1 , and 32 (38%) @entity1 had @entity221 . One @entity1 developed @entity3052 . Sixty-nine (81%) @entity1 are alive, and 59 (69%) @entity1 are alive and free of distant disease at a median follow-up of 5 years. CONCLUSIONS: ATC is a feasible regimen for adjuvant therapy of high-risk @entity0 , with a relatively low rate of relapse at the 5-year follow up.

title: Five-year update of an expanded phase II study of dose-dense and -intense XXXX , @entity1311 and @entity786 (ATC) in high-risk @entity0 .

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer', 'BC']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['mucositis']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute leukemia']

entities_list: @entity4841 :: ('MESH:D018771', 'Disease') :: ['arthralgia']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenic fever']

entities_list: @entity5515 :: ('MESH:D017499', 'Disease') :: ['palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia']

entities_list: @entity1209 :: ('MESH:D020250', 'Disease') :: ['nausea and/or vomiting']

answer: @entity632 :: (MESH:D004317,Chemical) :: ['doxorubicin']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Vibrio, Aeromonas, @entity15133 , and Shewanella (VACS) are water-associated Gram-negative organisms that can cause a variety of @entity281 . The frequency, @entity1 characteristics, and antimicrobial susceptibilities for 468 isolates from 442 @entity1 from the Northern Territory were reviewed. Aeromonas spp. (312 of 468; 67%) were most commonly isolated followed by Vibrio spp. (71 of 468; 15%), Shewanella spp. (61 of 468; 13%), and @entity15134 (24 of 468; 5%). A strong male predominance was found (male to female ratio of 2.3:1). Skin and soft tissue isolations (373 of 468; 80%) from @entity6250 (222 of 371; 60%) were the most common clinical manifestation. The episodes were usually polymicrobial (281 of 468; 60%). Coisolates included @entity794 (137 of 468; 29%), b-hemolytic streptococci (74 of 468; 16%), enterobacteriaceae (111 of 468; 24%), non-fermentative Gram-negative bacilli (35 of 468; 7%), and other VACS organisms (37 of 468; 8%). Antimicrobial resistance of VACS organisms to @entity2177 (0-4%), @entity6944 (0-3%), and @entity801 (0-0.8%) and Vibrio spp., Aeromonas spp., and Shewanella to @entity799 (0-3%) was rarely shown. For water-associated lower limb skin and soft tissue @entity281 in the tropics, clinicians should consider empirical antimicrobial therapy with agents active against @entity794 and VACS organisms.

title: Relative Frequency, Characteristics, and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns of Vibrio spp., Aeromonas spp., XXXX , and Shewanella spp. in the Northern Territory of Australia, 2000-2013.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity801 :: ('MESH:D005839', 'Chemical') :: ['gentamicin']

entities_list: @entity799 :: ('MESH:D015662', 'Chemical') :: ['cotrimoxazole']

entities_list: @entity6944 :: ('MESH:C043266', 'Chemical') :: ['cefepime']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus', 'S. aureus']

entities_list: @entity2177 :: ('MESH:D002939', 'Chemical') :: ['ciprofloxacin']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity15133 :: ('536', 'Species') :: ['Chromobacterium violaceum']

entities_list: @entity6250 :: ('MESH:D038061', 'Disease') :: ['lower limb infections']

answer: @entity15133 :: (536,Species) :: ['Chromobacterium violaceum']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity157 ( @entity157 ) occur in livers with @entity130 , accomplished by enzymes called matrix metalloproteinases ( @entity1476 ). @entity3 involves basement membrane invasion also caused by @entity1476 activity. Alterations in @entity1476 expression and their endogenous inhibitor ( @entity2843 ) may factor in @entity157 @entity3 . METHODS: @entity157 specimens and lymph nodes (n = 7), and normal lymph tissue from organ donors (n = 8), were snap-frozen in liquid @entity1568 and the mRNA precipitated. A series of reverse transcription-polymerase chain reactions (RT-PCR) were performed using @entity1476 ( @entity1476 , @entity1917 , @entity1495 ) primers and @entity2843 ( @entity2843 , @entity1552 ) primers. These were semiquantitatively analyzed by comparing concentration with constitutive GADPH expression. RESULTS: There is an increase in @entity1476 : @entity1552 mRNA expression ratio in the normal and @entity5 margin tissue compared to the @entity5 . There are increases in all @entity1476 and @entity2843 mRNA expression (except @entity2843 ) and alterations in all of the @entity1476 : @entity2843 expression ratios in the draining lymph node. CONCLUSIONS: Alterations exist in @entity1476 : @entity1552 : expression at the margin, and all of the MMPs in the draining lymph nodes. This likely reflects a host- @entity5 interaction that regulates @entity5 @entity3 .

title: A role for matrix metalloproteinases and XXXX host interaction in @entity157 .

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'Metastasis']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'Hepatocellular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['injury-remodeling']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumor']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: This study aimed at investigating the salivary microbiota of 28 @entity1 affected by immunoglobulin A @entity8 ( @entity6994 ). Fourteen healthy volunteers (HC) were used as control. Compared to HC, the number of some cultivable bacteria groups (e.g., total anaerobes) significantly (P   <   0.05) decreased in the salivary samples of @entity6994 @entity1 . Total bacteria from salivary samples of @entity6994 @entity1 and HC subjects were analyzed by pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA gene. Paired t test showed no significant (P   >   0.05) differences of alpha-diversity parameters (OTU, @entity1289 , Chao1, and Shannon index) between the salivary samples of HC and @entity6994 @entity1 . The difference for the community structure was further analyzed using three phylogeny-based beta-diversity measures. Compared to HC, the ratio between Firmicutes/Proteobacteria markedly decreased in @entity6994 @entity1 . Gemella haemolysins, Granulicatella adiacens, and @entity23613 were positively associated (P   <   0.05) with HC. Within the phylum Bacteroidetes, @entity3288 species ( @entity3288 nigrescens, @entity3288 , @entity3288 pallens, and @entity3288 salivae) were the highest in HC. The only exception was for @entity3288 aurantiaca. Compared to HC, the percentage of abundance of some species, belonging to Pasteurellaceae family (e.g., Haemophylus parainfluenzae), increased in @entity6994 @entity1 . Fusobacteriaceae (Fusobacterium) and Corynebacterium sp. also differed between the salivary samples of HC and @entity6994 @entity1 .

title: Salivary Microbiota Associated with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['nephropathy']

entities_list: @entity23613 :: ('29466', 'Species') :: ['Veillonella parvula']

entities_list: @entity3288 :: ('28131', 'Species') :: ['Prevotella intermedia', 'Prevotella']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['Immunoglobulin A Nephropathy']


abstract: PURPOSE: Technically, @entity28 weakens the pelvic base muscles by causing an increase in the intraabdominal pressure and intravesical pressure due to increasing fat and it triggers the occurrence of lower urinary tract symptoms. However it is believed that @entity353 will cause recovery of these symptoms. Our purpose in this study is to research about the effects of the @entity353 achieved by using especially the Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy (LSG) technique of bariatric surgery which is being more and more widely used today. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Out of all @entity1 who had LSG surgery due to @entity28 earlier in our center during the period between April 2014 and March 2015, 22 applicable male @entity1 were considered after a brief exclusion criteria application. Age, height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) data of these @entity1 were recorded before the operation. International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire - short from) (ICIQ-SF), Beck @entity308 inventory (BECK) and Short form - 36 (SF-36) were filled for the @entity1 and the data were recorded. Also, the @entity353 amounts and BMI decreases of the @entity1 after the operation were recorded. RESULTS: After the procedure, the decrease in the averages of BECK @entity308 inventory, IPSS, ICIQ-SF and the increase in the Mental and Physical subgroup scores of SF-36 were found statistically coherent. CONCLUSION: The adverse effect of @entity28 , which is observed more and more often in today's world, on lower urinary tract symptoms and on the quality of life is undeniable. In our study, we think that the bariatric surgery made by using the LSG technique, not only causes serious amount of @entity353 , but also reduces urinary dysfunction and enhances the quality of life among males.

title: Effects of XXXX surgery (laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy technique) on lower urinary tract symptoms, @entity308 and quality of life of males: Prospective study.

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obesity']


abstract: RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: Ultrasonography (US) has a potential role in the diagnosis of @entity4034 . The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristic sonographic features of @entity697 and correlate them with pathologic findings. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An experimental model of @entity697 was produced in the tibiae of 20 @entity95 . Daily US and plain radiography were performed for 2 weeks. The authors evaluated periosteal reaction, subperiosteal fluid collection, and soft-tissue changes seen with US. A hypoechoic band and a hyperechoic line lying along the cortex were considered positive signs of subperiosteal fluid collection and periosteal reaction, respectively. The findings of periosteal reaction were compared for US and radiography, and pathologic findings were also correlated. RESULTS: The most common sonographic finding was a hypoechoic band along the cortex (21 [75%] of 28 tibiae), usually associated with a linear periosteal reaction (20 [71%] of 28). This juxtacortical abnormal echogenicity corresponded to periosteal elevation with loose fibrovascular connective tissue and granulation, associated with subperiosteal @entity733 formation. The periosteal reactions were detected with US before they were seen on radiographs. The periosteum showed gradual thickening during the disease process. In 50% of infected tibiae, @entity32 or @entity733 formation was observed in the surrounding soft tissue. CONCLUSION: US readily demonstrates juxtacortical abnormal echogenicity and soft-tissue infection related to @entity697 . The abnormal echogenicity correlated well with the pathologic findings of periosteal reaction and subperiosteal @entity733 .

title: Sonography of XXXX in @entity95 with pathologic correlation.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute osteomyelitis']

entities_list: @entity4034 :: ('MESH:D010019', 'Disease') :: ['osteomyelitis']

answer: @entity697 :: (MESH:D000208,Disease) :: ['acute osteomyelitis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To review diagnostic aspects, treatment measures and pathologic findings in @entity1 diagnosed and treated for invasive @entity2622 in Shiraz University of Medical Sciences hospitals. METHOD: The hospital records of all @entity1 admitted to the Shiraz University of Medical Sciences affiliated hospitals (Nemazee and Saadi hospitals) with newly diagnosed @entity2622 between January 1985 and December 1995, were reviewed. RESULTS: 204 newly diagnosed @entity1 were admitted with invasive @entity2622 of which 61 (30%) were in stage I (FIGO), 96 (47%) in stage II, 34 (16.6%) in stage III and 13 (6%) in stage IV of the disease. Of these 204, the given treatments included surgery in 88 @entity1 , internal and external pelvic radiotherapy in 141, both hysterectomy and pelvic radiotherapy in 22, chemotherapy in eight and cryotherapy in one @entity1 . We found significantly positive relations with stage of the disease and chest roentgenogram (P < 0.02), intravenous pyelogram (P < 0.0002), sigmoidoscopy (P < 0.006) and cystoscopy (P < 0.0045). Of the total number of pathologic specimens, @entity957 was reported in 88% and @entity420 in 11%. Recurrence rates of up to 15.5% for stage II and 5% for stage I were calculated. Among the complications for which hospital admission was required, genito-urinary complications were the most frequent. CONCLUSION: The recurrence rate in stage I is lower than the estimated recurrence risk in several other studies which can be due to a real advantage of the center's practice. This may pose the question of indispensability for the advanced and expensive diagnostic paraclinical work-ups.

title: Invasive XXXX in Iran.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity2622 :: ('MESH:D002583', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma of the uterine cervix', 'cervical carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity2622 :: (MESH:D002583,Disease) :: ['carcinoma of the uterine cervix']


abstract: @entity7926 represents a major clinical complication in chronic alcoholics. Previous studies from our laboratory indicate that acute and chronic exposure of liver cells to @entity1068 results in a major loss of cellular @entity1025 as a result of @entity285 oxidation. We investigated whether exposure to @entity1068 induces a similar @entity1025 loss in cardiac cells. The results indicate that chronic exposure to a 6% @entity1068 -containing diet depleted cardiac myocytes of >25% of their cellular @entity1025 content. Acute @entity1068 exposure, instead, induced a time- and dose-dependent manner of @entity1025 extrusion from perfused hearts and collagenase-dispersed cardiac ventricular myocytes. Pretreatment with @entity34022 prevented @entity1068 -induced @entity1025 loss to a large extent, suggesting a role of @entity1068 oxidation via cyP4502E1 in the process. @entity1760 extrusion across the sarcolemma occurred via the @entity6478 -inhibited @entity4024 / @entity1025 exchanger. Taken together, our data indicate that @entity1025 extrusion also occurs in cardiac cells exposed to @entity1068 as a result of @entity285 metabolism by cyP4502E1. The extrusion, which is mediated by the @entity4024 / @entity1025 exchanger, only occurs at doses of @entity1068 >= 0.1%, and depends on @entity1068 -induced decline in cellular @entity855 . The significance of @entity1025 extrusion for the onset of @entity7926 remains to be elucidated.

title: Effect of acute and prolonged XXXX administration on @entity1025 homeostasis in cardiac cells.

entities_list: @entity6478 :: ('MESH:D000584', 'Chemical') :: ['amiloride']

entities_list: @entity7926 :: ('MESH:D002310', 'Disease') :: ['alcoholic cardiomyopathy', 'Alcoholic cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity34022 :: ('MESH:D002719', 'Chemical') :: ['chlormethiazole']

entities_list: @entity1760 :: ('MESH:D008274', 'Chemical') :: ['Magnesium']

answer: @entity285 :: (D000431,Chemical) :: ['alcohol']