abstract: OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to determine whether @entity146 or expectant management of severe @entity1468 at 28 to 32 weeks is more beneficial to maternal and neonatal outcome. STUDY DESIGN: Ninety-five eligible @entity1 were randomly assigned to either @entity146 (n = 46) or expectant management (n = 49). Aggressive management @entity1 were prepared for delivery, either by cesarean or induction, 48 hours after glucocorticoids were administered. Expectant management @entity1 were managed with bed rest, oral antihypertensives, and intensive antenatal fetal testing. RESULTS: At the time of randomization there were no differences between the two groups in mean systolic blood pressure (170 +/- 9.7 vs 172 +/- 9.4 mm Hg), diastolic blood pressure (110 +/- 5.4 vs 112 +/- 4.2 mm Hg), @entity644 (3.0 +/- 2.3 vs 3.6 +/- 2.3 gm per 24 hours), and gestational age (30.4 +/- 1.6 vs 30.7 +/- 1.5 weeks) for the @entity146 and expectant management groups. The average latency period in the expectant management group was 15.4 days (range 4 to 36), and this period was not affected by the amount of @entity644 at randomization. There was no @entity3036 or perinatal death in either group. The two groups had similar incidences of abruptio placentae (4.1% vs 4.3%) and similar days of postpartum hospital stay. The expectant management group had a significantly higher gestational age at delivery (32.9 +/- 1.5 vs 30.8 +/- 1.7 weeks, p < 0.0001), higher birth weight, lower incidence of admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (76% vs 100%, p = 0.002), lower mean days of hospitalization in the intensive care unit (20.2 +/- 14 vs 36.6 +/- 17.4, p < 0.0001), and lower incidence of neonatal complications. CONCLUSION: Expectant management, with close monitoring of mother and fetus at a perinatal center, reduces neonatal complications and neonatal stay in the newborn intensive care unit.

title: Aggressive versus expectant management of severe XXXX at 28 to 32 weeks' gestation: a randomized controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive']

entities_list: @entity3036 :: ('MESH:D004461', 'Disease') :: ['eclampsia']

entities_list: @entity1468 :: ('MESH:D011225', 'Disease') :: ['preeclampsia']

answer: @entity1468 :: (MESH:D011225,Disease) :: ['preeclampsia']


abstract: Levels of endogenous @entity2271 ( @entity2272 ) are changed dynamically in response to environmental conditions. The @entity2272 8'-hydroxylase is a key enzyme in @entity2272 catabolism and is encoded by CYP707A genes. In this study, we examined physiological roles of @entity958 ( @entity958 ) CYP707As in the plant's response to changes in humidity. The @entity49767 and @entity49768 mutants displayed lower stomatal conductance under turgid conditions (relative humidity 60%) than the wild type. When wild-type plants were transferred to high-humidity conditions (relative humidity 90%), @entity49767 and @entity49768 transcript levels increased, followed by the reduction of @entity2272 levels. The @entity49768 mutant exhibited high @entity2272 levels even after transferring to high-humidity conditions, whereas, under similar conditions, the @entity49767 mutant exhibited low @entity2272 levels comparable to the wild type. Analysis of spatial expression patterns by using transgenic plants harboring a promoterbeta-glucuronidase gene indicated that high-humidity-induced expression of @entity49767 and @entity49768 occurred primarily in guard cells and vascular tissues, respectively. Furthermore, stomatal closure of the @entity49767 mutant, but not @entity49768 mutant, was @entity2272 hypersensitive when epidermal peel was treated with exogenous @entity2272 , suggesting that @entity49767 is essential for @entity2272 catabolism inside the guard cells. These results implicate that @entity49768 reduces the amount of mobile @entity2272 in vascular tissues in response to high humidity, whereas @entity49767 inactivates local @entity2272 pools inside the guard cells. Taken together, @entity2272 catabolism in both vascular tissues and guard cells participates in the systemic @entity2272 action that controls stomatal movement in response to high humidity.

title: High humidity induces XXXX 8'-hydroxylase in stomata and vasculature to regulate local and systemic @entity2271 responses in @entity958 .

entities_list: @entity2271 :: ('MESH:D000040', 'Chemical') :: ['abscisic acid']

entities_list: @entity958 :: ('3702', 'Species') :: ['Arabidopsis thaliana', 'Arabidopsis']

answer: @entity2271 :: (MESH:D000040,Chemical) :: ['abscisic acid']


abstract: The control of @entity19682 levels is essential for DNA synthesis and repair. This control is exerted through regulation of @entity2151 reductase (RNR). One mode of RNR regulation is differential localization of its subunits. In @entity375 , the catalytic subunit hererodimer, @entity19685 / @entity11866 , is localized to the nucleus while its regulatory subunit, @entity19684 , is cytoplasmic. During S phase and in response to DNA damage, @entity19685 - @entity11866 enters the cytoplasm, where it presumably combines with @entity19684 to form an active complex. The mechanism of its nuclear localization is not understood. Here, we report the isolation of the WTM (WD40-containing transcriptional modulator) proteins as regulators of @entity19685 / @entity11866 localization. Overproduction of @entity45644 increased @entity19685 / @entity11866 . Deletion of @entity45645 , a homolog of @entity45644 , leads to the cytoplasmic localization of @entity19685 / @entity11866 , and increased @entity1862 (HU)-resistance in @entity20091 mutants. @entity45645 binds @entity45646 complexes and release them to the cytoplasm in response to DNA damage. Forced localization of @entity45645 to the nucleolus causes @entity19685 / @entity11866 complexes to relocalize to the nucleolus. Thus, @entity45645 acts as a nuclear anchor to maintain nuclear localization of @entity45646 complexes outside of S phase. In the presence of DNA damage this association is disrupted and @entity19685 / @entity11866 become cytoplasmic, where they join with @entity19684 to form an intact complex.

title: Control of @entity2151 reductase localization through an anchoring mechanism involving XXXX .

entities_list: @entity375 :: ('4932', 'Species') :: ['Saccharomyces cerevisiae']

entities_list: @entity1862 :: ('MESH:D006918', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxyurea']

entities_list: @entity19682 :: ('CHEBI:4431', 'Chemical') :: ['deoxyribonucleotide']

entities_list: @entity2151 :: ('CHEBI:26561', 'Chemical') :: ['ribonucleotide']

answer: @entity45645 :: (854405(Tax:4932),Gene) :: ['Wtm1']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity158 is a major concern for individuals with @entity5 , particularly older adults who make up the largest segment of individuals with @entity5 and who have some of the most unique @entity158 challenges. One of the priorities of hospice is to provide a @entity158 , and while outcomes are better in hospice, @entity1 still die with poorly controlled @entity158 . OBJECTIVE: This article reports on the results of a Translating Research into Practice intervention designed to promote the adoption of evidence-based @entity158 practices for older adults with @entity5 in community-based hospices. SETTING:     This Institutional @entity1 Subjects Review Board-approved study was a cluster randomized controlled trial implemented in 16 Midwestern hospices. METHODS: Retrospective medical records from newly admitted @entity1 were used to determine the intervention effect. Additionally, survey and focus group data gathered from hospice staff at the completion of the intervention phase were analyzed. RESULTS: Improvement on the @entity5 Practice Index, an overall composite outcome measure of evidence-based practices for the experimental sites, was not significantly greater than control sites. Decrease in @entity1 @entity158 severity from baseline to post-intervention in the experimental group was greater; however, the result was not statistically significant (P = 0.1032). CONCLUSIONS: Findings indicate a number of factors that may impact implementation of multicomponent interventions, including unique characteristics and culture of the setting, the level of involvement with the change processes, competing priorities and confounding factors, and complexity of the innovation (practice change). Our results suggest that future study is needed on specific factors to target when implementing a community-based hospice intervention, including determining and measuring intervention fidelity prospectively.

title: The effect of a translating research into practice (TRIP)-- @entity5 intervention on XXXX management in older adults in hospice.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cancer Pain', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Human']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['Pain', 'pain', 'pain-free death']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer pain']


abstract: PURPOSE: To describe the appearance and clinical course of small, white, endophytic calcific, @entity1897 in developing retina of premature @entity1 . METHODS: Retrospective review of all @entity1 evaluated for @entity989 ( @entity989 ) at a level I neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in San Jose, CA, between January 1, 2003, and December 31, 2004. @entity1 were examined either in the NICU or the affiliated outpatient clinic. Clinical examination consisted of dilated fundus examination with 360 degree scleral @entity308 . Lesions were identified if they were white, calcific, peripheral, and transient. Ancillary testing and examination of family members was performed as indicated. RESULTS: A total of 302 unique @entity1 were screened for @entity989 . Ten lesions were identified in seven eyes. Three eyes had two lesions each. All lesions were unilateral. The size of the lesions was estimated to range between 500 and 700 microm. All lesions were located anterior to the vascularized retina, had minimal @entity308 , and demonstrated a predilection for the nasal and temporal raphe. Ultrasound findings demonstrated an elevated, hyperechoic mass with orbital shadowing. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging tests did not demonstrate the lesions. Lesions @entity4696 over a period of 6 months. There were no systemic findings or familial dispositions. CONCLUSION: Immature retina in premature @entity1 may predispose to the formation of transient reactive @entity1373 . Development of mature retinal vascularization and spontaneous resolution of lesions should alleviate concerns regarding a more malignant diagnosis.

title: Presumed transient reactive XXXX in immature retina.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['elevation on scleral depression', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity1373 :: ('MESH:D006965', 'Disease') :: ['astrocytic hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral lesions']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['retinopathy of prematurity', 'ROP']

entities_list: @entity4696 :: ('MESH:D003865', 'Disease') :: ['involute slowly']

answer: @entity1373 :: (MESH:D006965,Disease) :: ['astrocytic hyperplasia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study aimed to estimate the minimum effective anaesthetic concentrations of @entity3303 required to block the femoral nerve under ultrasound (US) guidance in 90% (MEAC90) of @entity1 . METHODS: A minimum of 45 @entity1 who had undergone knee arthroscopy were included in this observational study. All the @entity1 received US-guided sciatic, obturator, and femoral nerve blocks. The femoral nerve block was performed using 15 ml of @entity3303 . The @entity3303 concentration given to a @entity1 was determined by the response of the previous @entity1 (a biased-coin design up-down sequential method). If a @entity1 had a negative response, the @entity3303 concentration was increased by 0.1% w/v in the next @entity1 . If a @entity1 had a positive response, the next @entity1 was randomized to receive the same @entity3303 concentration (with a probability of 0.89) or to receive a concentration 0.1% w/v less (with a probability of 0.11). A positive response was @entity3481 . The @entity1 ' responses were analysed to calculate the mean MEAC90. RESULTS: Fifty-two @entity1 were required to complete the study; 45 had a positive response and seven had a negative response. The mean MEAC90 was estimated to be 0.93% w/v [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.8-1.03%]. @entity3303 0.93% w/v was estimated to produce a successful block in 89% (95% CI, 78-100%) of @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Perineural injection of 15 ml of @entity3303 0.93% w/v under US guidance could provide successful femoral nerve block in 90% of @entity1 .

title: XXXX use in ultrasound-guided femoral nerve block: what is the minimum effective anaesthetic concentration (MEAC90)?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3481 :: ('MESH:D015417', 'Disease') :: ['defined as complete sensory and motor block']

entities_list: @entity3303 :: ('MESH:D008012', 'Chemical') :: ['Lidocaine', 'lidocaine']

answer: @entity3303 :: (MESH:D008012,Chemical) :: ['Lidocaine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The high diagnostic accuracy of @entity859 stress cardiac magnetic resonance (AS-CMR) for detecting @entity3979 , with high sensitivity and specificity, is well documented. Prognostic data, particularly in non-low risk study populations and for greater than 12 months of follow up, is however lacking or variable in its findings. We present prognostic data, in an intermediate cardiovascular risk cohort undergoing @entity859 stress perfusion CMR, over approximately 2 years of follow up. METHODS: The study population comprised 362 @entity1 referred for a clinically indicated stress CMR and included @entity1 with proven @entity453 ( @entity453 ; n=157) or unknown @entity453 status, yet an intermediate cardiovascular risk profile (n=205). Perfusion imaging was performed at stress ( @entity859 140  g/kg/min) and rest on a 1.5 T system. @entity1 records and state-wide hospital databases were reviewed. Major adverse cardiac events--death, @entity583 , revascularisation or ischaemic hospitalisation--were evaluated over a median follow up of 22 months. RESULTS: Of the 362 cases, 90 had a stress perfusion CMR positive for ischaemia and experienced a MACE rate of 24%. Of the 272 negative CMR scans, 225 were also negative for late @entity2287 enhancement, and in this group MACE was encountered in only 6 (2.7%) @entity1 . Accordingly a negative stress CMR afforded a freedom from MACE of 97.3%. Freedom from death/ @entity583 was 99.6%. CONCLUSIONS: In @entity1 with confirmed @entity453 or at intermediate risk for @entity65 , a negative stress perfusion CMR is associated with an excellent prognosis over nearly 2 years of follow up.

title: Prognostic value of XXXX stress perfusion cardiac MRI with late @entity2287 enhancement in an intermediate cardiovascular risk population.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity859 :: ('MESH:D000241', 'Chemical') :: ['adenosine']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity3979 :: ('MESH:D023921', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery stenoses']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['CAD', 'coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity2287 :: ('MESH:D005682', 'Chemical') :: ['gadolinium']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular events']

answer: @entity859 :: (MESH:D000241,Chemical) :: ['adenosine']


abstract: In untreated extraction sockets, buccal bone remodeling compromises the @entity133 width. The aim of this study was to histologically assess the efficacy of using a dual layer of membranes (high-density @entity736 [dPTFE] placed over collagen) for ridge preservation in fresh extraction sites. Eight @entity235 were used. After endodontic treatment of mandibular bilateral second (P2), third (P3), and fourth (P4) premolars, mandibular bilateral first premolars and distal roots of P2, P3, and P4 were extracted atraumatically. Animals were randomly divided into 4 treatment groups. group 1, the control group, received no treatment; in group 2, allograft was placed in the alveolum and the socket covered with dPTFE membrane; in group 3, allograft was placed in the alveolum, the buccal plate was overbuilt with allograft, and the socket was covered with dPTFE membrane; in group 4, allograft was placed in the alveolum and covered with dual layer of membranes (dPTFE placed over collagen). No intent of primary closure was performed for all groups. After 16 weeks, the animals were sacrificed and mandibular blocks were assessed histologically for buccolingual width of @entity133 , percentage of bone formation and bone marrow spaces, and the remaining bone particles. The buccolingual width of the @entity133 was significantly higher among sockets in group 4 than in group 1 (P < .05). the amount of newly formed bone in each socket was higher in extraction sockets in group 4 than in groups 1, 2, and 3 (P < .001). A significant difference was found in the percentage of bone marrow spaces among all groups (P < .001). No significant difference was found in the number of nonresorbed bone particles among the groups. Using a dual layer of membrane was more effective in ridge preservation than conventional socket augmentation protocols.

title: Histomorphometric analysis of bone regeneration using a dual layer of membranes (dPTFE placed over collagen) in fresh extraction sites: a XXXX model.

entities_list: @entity235 :: ('9615', 'Species') :: ['beagle dogs']

entities_list: @entity736 :: ('CHEBI:53251', 'Chemical') :: ['polytetrafluoroethylene']

entities_list: @entity133 :: ('MESH:D002282', 'Disease') :: ['alveolar ridge']

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['canine']


abstract: Opioids are basic analgesics used in the treatment of moderate to severe @entity158 in @entity1 affected by blood-related @entity5 . They should be sequentially administered according to the World Health Organisation scale for @entity5 . Initial treatment and titration with opioids should be based on immediate-release preparations, to be administered at appropriate intervals in order to relieve @entity158 and to satisfy the individual opioid requirement. Once a relatively good @entity158 control has been achieved, a slow release formulation at equivalent doses can be given. Most @entity1 can be adequately managed using oral formulation opioids. However, a small group, such as those presenting severe @entity33 or requiring a rapid @entity158 relief, should be managed by intravenous continuous infusion and/or by a @entity1 -controlled analgesia system; while for @entity1 in the community, there are distinct advantages to using the subcutaneous route. Other available routes of administration for opioids, can be used in selected circumstances, including rectal, transdermal, epidural, intrathecal and intramuscular. The invasive neuraxial route has a very limited role in @entity1 with haematological @entity5 , given the high risk of @entity281 and @entity548 . Through a close observation and a careful management, opioid-related side effects can be effectively prevented and treated. This article reviews the principles of opioid therapy and how opioids can be adapted for @entity1 with @entity158 due to haematological @entity5 .

title: Opioids in @entity158 management of blood-related XXXX .

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer pain', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['mucositis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['malignancies']


abstract: We previously showed that functional @entity1024 ( @entity143 ) receptors are expressed by @entity1 @entity521 cells. In this study we demonstrate functional @entity6806 and NMDAR2 receptors are expressed by @entity151 ( @entity151 ) classical cell lines @entity1 , @entity1 , and DMS 53, by variant cell line NCI H82, and by most @entity151 , and that these receptors are important for the growth of @entity1 @entity151 xenografts in @entity19 . Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction demonstrated mRNA for both receptors, with sequences identical to those for @entity1 mRNAs, are expressed in all four cell lines, and these generated proteins of the expected sizes 120 and 170 kDa. Cell viability tests showed cell growth was significantly (P < 0.0001) impaired by @entity6806 antagonists @entity3390 and @entity3393 . @entity4320 and @entity14124 , @entity13069 antagonists at the @entity4664 site, also significantly (P < 0.001) inhibited the growth/survival of these cells. Alternatively, the @entity2228 -binding antagonist, L701, 324, increased viability to 140% and 120% in @entity1 and @entity1 cells after 48 hours of incubation. Immunohistochemistry of @entity151 with our polyclonal antibodies gave specific positive staining for the @entity6806 receptor in 8 of 10 tissues examined. Small amounts of these same antibodies significantly reduced the growth of @entity1 cells up to 25% (P < 0.001). When @entity1 cells were grown as @entity5 xenografts in @entity19 , the growth of these @entity5 was reduced by 60% (P < 0.001) by treatments with @entity3390 over five days. All of these data point to active NMDAR receptors possibly having an important influence on @entity151 growth and survival.

title: XXXX receptors are expressed by @entity151 and are potential targets for effective treatment.

entities_list: @entity1024 :: ('CHEBI:31882', 'Chemical') :: ['N-methyl-D-aspartate']

entities_list: @entity2228 :: ('CHEBI:57305', 'Chemical') :: ['glycine']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity3393 :: ('MESH:D008559', 'Chemical') :: ['memantine']

entities_list: @entity4320 :: ('MESH:C010739', 'Chemical') :: ['Ifenprodil']

entities_list: @entity521 :: ('MESH:D009447', 'Disease') :: ['neuroblastoma']

entities_list: @entity4664 :: ('CHEBI:60143', 'Chemical') :: ['polyamine']

entities_list: @entity151 :: ('MESH:D055752', 'Disease') :: ['SCLC tumor', 'SCLC', 'small-cell lung cancer', 'SCLC tumors']

answer: @entity143 :: (CHEBI:6121,Chemical) :: ['NMDA']


abstract: An overview is presented of serological and virological studies on @entity9925 immunization and circulation in the Netherlands, performed between 1979 and 1991. In this period, only three @entity1 with @entity3328 were notified. All had acquired the @entity281 abroad. The vaccinations in the national immunization programme, using inactivated @entity9925 vaccine, build a strong immunity. This can also be seen in age-stratified serological profiles of the Dutch population. In these surveys, @entity1 from the time at which vaccination was offered have neutralizing antibodies. Older @entity1 , especially those born between 1930 and 1945, sometimes lack antibodies. However, 85-90% of them show a rapid booster response upon vaccination, demonstrating immunological memory. Hence, they will be protected against @entity3328 upon contact with wild @entity9925 . Virological data show a regular import of @entity9925 , especially in adoptive @entity1 tested on entry into the Netherlands, coming from developing countries. Nearly all other virus isolates in Dutchmen were related to import from such countries. None of the imported @entity1 or other @entity1 in whom @entity9925 was detected spread the virus over the country. It demonstrates that as a rule the herd immunity of the well-vaccinated Dutch population is good. Exceptions occur, however, as demonstrated by the epidemics in 1978 and 1992. Large socio-geographic clusters of susceptible @entity1 who refuse vaccinations are not sufficiently protected.

title: [ XXXX in The Netherlands, 1979-1991: immunity and exposure].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'people', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity3328 :: ('MESH:D011051', 'Disease') :: ['poliomyelitis']

answer: @entity3328 :: (MESH:D011051,Disease) :: ['Poliomyelitis']


abstract: PURPOSE: The first purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of @entity1209 ( @entity1209 ) 0-48 h after anesthesia at a Japanese @entity5 center. The second purpose of this study was to collect information on @entity1209 risk factors, independently, in the categories of @entity1 -related, anesthesia-related, and surgery-related factors. METHODS: The frequency of @entity390 and @entity391 was prospectively investigated from 0 to 48 h after anesthesia in 1645 @entity1 (11-94 years of age) at a single medical institution. The occurrence of @entity390 and @entity391 and the use of antiemetics were recorded up to 48 h after anesthesia. @entity1 -related, anesthesia-related, and surgery-related factors were also recorded and submitted to multiple logistic regression analysis to determine the relationship of these factors to @entity390 and @entity391 . RESULTS: The incidences of @entity390 and @entity391 from 0 to 24 h after anesthesia were 40 and 22 %, respectively. The incidences 24-48 h after anesthesia were 10 and 3 %, respectively. Female sex, previous history of @entity1209 , prolonged anesthesia, and @entity1937 use during surgery were identified as risk factors for both @entity390 and @entity391 . The use of a volatile anesthetic, use of @entity3575 during surgery, postoperative use of opioids, nonsmoking status, and drinking @entity167 on 4 or fewer days per week were identified as risk factors for @entity390 alone. CONCLUSION: The incidence of and risk factors for @entity1209 at a Japanese @entity5 center according to this study are comparable to those reported elsewhere.

title: Incidence of and risk factors for @entity1209 at a Japanese XXXX Center: first large-scale study in Japan.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity1937 :: ('MESH:C071741', 'Chemical') :: ['remifentanil']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity3575 :: ('MESH:D005283', 'Chemical') :: ['fentanyl']

entities_list: @entity1209 :: ('MESH:D020250', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative nausea and/or vomiting', 'PONV']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Cancer']


abstract: The distribution of delta sleep-inducing peptide (DSIP) in the brain and pituitary of the cartilaginous fish @entity9339 was investigated using the indirect immunofluorescence technique. Delta sleep-inducing peptide-like immunoreactive cell bodies were mainly observed in the nucleus lateralis tuberis of the hypothalamus. Immunolabeled perikarya were also distributed in the nucleus lobi lateralis hypothalami and in the dorso-lateral wall of the recessus posterioris. Most of these cells, located in the subependymal layers of the infundibulum and lateral lobes, had the typical aspect of cerebrospinal fluid-contacting elements. The DSIP-like immunoreactive fibers were localized in the basal telencephalon, within the regions of the nucleus interstitialis commissurae anterioris and the nucleus entopeduncularis. A dense network of DSIP-positive fibers was seen throughout the @entity2339 , the lateral lobes, and the posterior lobe. In the pituitary, numerous DSIP-like immunoreactive cells were detected in the median lobe of the pars distalis. In particular, a high concentration of cells was seen in the dorsal wall of the median lobe, an area which is known to contain @entity6251 ( @entity6251 )-producing cells. Comparison of the distribution of @entity23830 - and @entity6251 -like immunoreactive cells revealed that the two neuropeptides are stored in the same cells of the median lobe of the pituitary. These findings provide the first evidence for the presence of a DSIP-related peptide in fish. The distribution of the immunoreactive material supports the view that DSIP may act as a neuromodulator and/or a hypophysiotropic factor. Moreover, the presence of DSIP-like immunoreactive cells in the pars distalis suggests that this peptide may exert autocrine or paracrine effect in the pituitary.

title: Immunohistochemical localization of delta sleep-inducing peptide (DSIP) in the brain and pituitary of the cartilaginous fish XXXX .

entities_list: @entity6251 :: ('MESH:C567712', 'Disease') :: ['melanin-concentrating hormone', 'MCH']

entities_list: @entity9339 :: ('7830', 'Species') :: ['Scyliorhinus canicula']

entities_list: @entity2339 :: ('MESH:D007029', 'Disease') :: ['midcaudal hypothalamus']

answer: @entity9339 :: (7830,Species) :: ['Scyliorhinus canicula']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3814 are counted among the most common complications of @entity170 . For treatment, a new, alternative implant has been developed (BeadEx, Expandis, Hof HaCarmel, Israel). The aim of the present in vitro study was to evaluate whether this implant is able to restore the initial height and three-dimensional stability after @entity174 and whether it is able to maintain this height and stability during complex cyclic loading. METHODS: The BeadEx implant consists of small @entity702 rolls, which are pressed into the vertebral body through specially designed, hollow pedicle screws. The height and the three-dimensional flexibility of 18 bisegmental spine specimens (nine T12-L2, nine L3-L5) was measured, first, before and after creating a wedge compression @entity174 at the middle vertebral body (L1 resp. L4), second, after treatment of the @entity174 , and, third, during and after complex cyclic loading. The @entity174 were treated either with BeadEx plus internal fixator, BeadEx plus bone cement or vertebroplasty for comparison. FINDINGS: The height before @entity174 could almost be restored by BeadEx plus bone cement but not by BeadEx plus fixator and vertebroplasty. The total height loss after cyclic loading was smallest with BeadEx plus bone cement (in median -4.7mm with respect to the intact specimens) but -6.2mm with BeadEx plus fixator and -7.8mm with vertebroplasty. The three-dimensional stability of the specimens was clearly higher if treated with BeadEx plus fixator than with BeadEx plus bone cement or vertebroplasty. INTERPRETATION: From a biomechanical point of view, BeadEx plus bone cement can be recommended as an alternative to vertebroplasty in the treatment of @entity3604 . BeadEx plus fixator can be recommended if additional stability is needed.

title: Biomechanical performance of the new BeadEx implant in the treatment of XXXX : restoration and maintenance of height and stability.

entities_list: @entity3604 :: ('MESH:D058866', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporotic vertebral body fractures']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'fracture']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity3814 :: ('MESH:D050815', 'Disease') :: ['Vertebral compression fractures']

entities_list: @entity702 :: ('MESH:D014025', 'Chemical') :: ['titanium']

answer: @entity3814 :: (MESH:D050815,Disease) :: ['osteoporotic vertebral body compression fractures']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Population-based studies have shown a heightened prevalence of clinically silent @entity4798 in subjects who have @entity2795 ( @entity2795 ). We sought to determine whether this association could be confirmed in young @entity1 with cryptogenic @entity385 , and explored the role of @entity4616 ( @entity4616 ) as a potential underlying mechanism. METHODS: @entity1 were selected from a registry of young @entity1 consecutively treated for @entity385 in a tertiary university hospital among those without definite cause of @entity64 . @entity1 with @entity4616 were matched for age and gender with @entity1 with normal atrial septum. @entity2704 and @entity2795 were evaluated after @entity1 selection and matching. Silent @entity4798 were independently evaluated on MRI. RESULTS: We included 100 @entity1 [60 @entity1 ; mean age (SD), 44.8 years (8.3)], 50 @entity1 with @entity4616 . We found silent @entity4798 in 36 @entity1 and @entity2795 in 13 @entity1 . @entity2795 was more frequent in @entity1 with silent @entity4798 than in @entity1 without silent @entity4798 (25.0% vs. 6.3%; OR, 5; 95% CI, 1.4-17.6; P = 0.01). Traditional cardiovascular risk factors were not associated with silent @entity4798 . @entity4616 was neither associated with @entity2795 (OR, 1.7; 95% CI, 0.5-5.3) nor silent @entity4798 (OR, 0.7; 95% CI, 0.3-1.5). The association of @entity2795 with silent @entity4798 was not altered after adjustment for @entity4616 . CONCLUSION: Findings suggest that silent @entity4798 in young @entity1 with cryptogenic @entity64 is associated with @entity2795 . We found no evidence for a mediating effect of @entity4616 on this association.

title: XXXX and silent @entity4798 lack of mediation of @entity4616 .

entities_list: @entity2795 :: ('MESH:D020325', 'Disease') :: ['MA', 'migraine with aura']

entities_list: @entity4798 :: ('MESH:D020520', 'Disease') :: ['brain infarcts']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity4616 :: ('MESH:D054092', 'Disease') :: ['patent foramen ovale', 'PFO']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity2795 :: (MESH:D020325,Disease) :: ['Migraine with aura']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In recent years, lasers have been used in @entity4891 therapy and some successful results have been obtained in some types of @entity4891 . In some of these laser studies, peeling processes have been used to increase penetration. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare the effects of pulsed dye laser ( @entity10662 ) therapy with the effects of @entity10662 therapy following @entity3785 (SA) application. The purpose of the SA application is to increase the laser penetration by decreasing the @entity5656 of @entity4891 . METHODS: This controlled study included 66 lesions from 19 @entity1 enrolled in the study. @entity10662 was applied to 33 lesions following 30% SA application twice a day for 5 days, and the remaining 33 lesions underwent @entity10662 therapy. @entity10662 was administered in both groups at 4-week intervals varying from one to five sessions. In the comparison of these two groups, the changes in @entity4891 dimensions were recorded in width x length x height (mm3), and the results of the therapy were evaluated statistically. RESULTS: In both @entity10662 and SA + @entity10662 groups, the regressions observed in the size of the lesions were statistically significant at the end of the fifth session compared with those observed at the onset of the therapy (P < 0.05). At the end of the fifth session, the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant (P = 0.451); however, the clearance rate in the SA + @entity10662 group was more statistically significant than that in the @entity10662 group after the second session (P = 0.049). The complete clearance rate in the SA + @entity10662 group was 54.6% after the second session, but 66.4% in the @entity10662 group only after the fifth session. Complete clearance in the SA + @entity10662 group was observed after 2.2 sessions, and in the @entity10662 group after 3.1 sessions (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Although there was no difference between the clearance rate of the SA + @entity10662 group and that of the @entity10662 group after the fifth session, adding SA to @entity10662 decreased the number of sessions to a large extent.

title: @entity4891 : pulsed dye laser therapy compared with XXXX + pulsed dye laser therapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4891 :: ('MESH:D014860', 'Disease') :: ['verruca vulgaris', 'verruca']

entities_list: @entity3785 :: ('MESH:D020156', 'Chemical') :: ['salicylic acid']

entities_list: @entity5656 :: ('MESH:D017488', 'Disease') :: ['hyperkeratosis']

answer: @entity3785 :: (MESH:D020156,Chemical) :: ['salicylic acid']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To know the trend of @entity580 rates at a third level hospital since the beginning of the infection control program until the present and to evaluate the impact in mortality and length of hospital stay. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A study descriptive, retrospective and retrolective was done in a reference hospital providing tertiary care in Mexico City. Recorded data included rates, type of @entity580 and distribution of @entity580 from the database of Hospital Epidemiology Division between 1991 to 1996. In every @entity1 the degree of severity disease was evaluated according to the McCabe-Jackson's scale, we also collected age and the length of stay. Statistical analysis was done with chi 2 test for tendencies of different evaluated parameters. This study was divided in three periods: before remodel (1991-1993), to remodel (1994-1995) and after remodel (1996). Compared the before remodel period against after remodel period. RESULTS: In the study period, mean @entity580 ratio was of 8.6 by 100 discharges, showing a decrease of 20% (p < 0.01). Hospital area with the highest @entity281 rate was ICU (26.9 by 100 discharge), followed by general ward of hospitalization with shared rooms (9.47) and private rooms (7.5). @entity293 was the most frequent (26.6%), followed by @entity6081 (24.4%), @entity55 (12.1%) and primary @entity2259 (9.5%). Rates of @entity293 and primary @entity2259 had decreased significantly (p < 0.05 and p < 0.00001 respectively), while surgical wound @entity281 and @entity55 increased (p < 0.005 and p < 0.00001 respectively). Associated mortality diminished in 36% (p < 0.00001). The length of stay diminished 42.8%. There was not differences in the severity of disease along this period. CONCLUSIONS: Since the establishment of the @entity580 surveillance and control program at the INNSZ on 1985, @entity580 rate (56%) and the associated mortality (36%) have diminished. These changes are consequence of the establishment of a @entity580 control program and the decrease of length of stay and does not seems to be related to the age or to the severity of the disease of the hospitalized @entity1 .

title: [Nosocomial XXXX : secular trends of a control program in Mexico].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity6081 :: ('MESH:D013530', 'Disease') :: ['surgical wound infection']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia', 'pneumonias']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity580 :: ('MESH:D003428', 'Disease') :: ['nosocomial infections']

entities_list: @entity2259 :: ('MESH:D016470', 'Disease') :: ['bacteremia', 'bacteremias']

entities_list: @entity293 :: ('MESH:D014552', 'Disease') :: ['Urinary tract infections', 'urinary tract infections']

answer: @entity281 :: (MESH:D007239,Disease) :: ['infections']


abstract: Recent studies have shown that antibodies characteristic of @entity4807 - and @entity5126 -induced @entity882 sometimes recognize the platelet membrane glycoprotein (GP) complex IIb/IIIa in addition to their well known target, GPIb/IX. We have investigated the frequency with which drug-induced antibodies bind to @entity1427 /IIIa and the nature of their target epitopes. In studies of sera from 13 @entity1 sensitive to @entity5126 or @entity4807 , we found that 10 contained IgG antibodies specific for both GPIb/IX and @entity1427 /IIIa, two reacted with GPIb/IX alone, and one reacted with @entity1427 /IIIa alone. In all cases, the presence of drug was required for binding of IgG to target GPs. By immunoabsorption, we found that each of five polyspecific sera contained at least two different antibodies, one reactive with @entity36678 /IX and the other with @entity1427 /IIIa. Further studies with eight drug-dependent antibodies (DDAb) specific for @entity1427 /IIIa showed that three recognized the @entity1427 /IIIa complex only, one recognized @entity1427 alone, and three recognized @entity1428 alone. The eighth serum appeared to bind to both @entity1428 alone and to an epitope determined by the @entity1427 /IIIa complex. The three antibodies specific for @entity1428 alone also reacted with @entity1428 deglycosylated with endo-H, and with the major (61 Kd) fragment obtained by chymotryptic digestion of @entity1428 but failed to react with reduced @entity1428 . These findings demonstrate that, in drug-induced, immunologic @entity882 , the anti-platelet immune response is typically directed against epitopes on both GPIb/IX and @entity1427 /IIIa. The three DDAb we studied that were specific for @entity1428 alone recognize epitopes resistant to chymotrypsin and endo-H treatment that are dependent on intrachain @entity1520 bonding.

title: Characteristics of XXXX - and @entity5126 -induced antibodies specific for platelet glycoproteins IIb and IIIa.

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity5126 :: ('MESH:D011802', 'Chemical') :: ['quinidine']

entities_list: @entity1520 :: ('CHEBI:48343', 'Chemical') :: ['disulfide']

answer: @entity4807 :: (MESH:D011803,Chemical) :: ['quinine']


abstract: This study was conducted to compare the effects of @entity9539 , taken as fish or fish-oil supplements in the setting of a high- or low-fat dietary background, on blood pressure and heart rate in @entity1 with moderate @entity65 . One hundred twenty @entity1 were randomly allocated to five high-fat (40% of daily energy) and two low-fat (30% of energy) groups to undertaken a 12-week dietary intervention period involving fish, fish oil, or a combination of these. @entity1372 intake was restricted to less than 90 mmol/d. The five high-fat groups were assigned to take either 6 or 12 fish-oil capsules daily, fish or a combination of fish oil and fish, or placebo capsules. The two low-fat groups took either fish or placebo capsules. Fish meals were devised to provide 1.3 g of @entity7784 daily, equivalent to that contained in 6 fish-oil capsules. Subjects were instructed to eat a selection of fish that provided an average of 3.65 g/d (range, 3.2 to 4.1 g/d) of total @entity9539 . Subjects were seen at regular intervals during the baseline and dietary intervention periods for measurement of weight, blood pressure, heart rate, dietary compliance, urinary electrolyte excretion, platelet phospholipid @entity1718 , blood @entity413 , and insulin concentration. There was a greater fall in both @entity551 in subjects allocated fish or fish oil, particularly in the low-fat groups, compared with control subjects. However, there was no significant group effect.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Effects on blood pressure of omega 3 fats in subjects at increased risk of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity7784 :: ('MESH:D015118', 'Chemical') :: ['eicosapentaenoic acid']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['systolic and diastolic blood pressures']

entities_list: @entity9539 :: ('MESH:D015525', 'Chemical') :: ['omega 3 fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular risks']

answer: @entity65 :: (MESH:D002318,Disease) :: ['cardiovascular disease']


abstract: Despite the favorable effects reported with @entity4784 performed in a specialized unit in the short term, data on long-term basis are poor, particularly after discharging @entity1 home or in other settings. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the long-term outcome of @entity1 who were switched in an acute palliative care unit at a high volume of @entity4784 . A consecutive sample of @entity1 who underwent opioid substitution during admission in an acute palliative care unit were assessed for a period of 1 year. @entity1 were followed-up for 4 weeks after being discharged. @entity1 were contacted by phone or visited at the outpatient clinic 4 weeks after discharge. Epidemiological data, @entity158 mechanisms, reason for switching, number of opioid substitutions during admission, drugs, doses and routes of administration, opioid treatment at discharge, @entity158 intensity, distress score (DS) calculated as a sum of symptom intensity, were recorded after 2 weeks (T2) and 4 weeks (T4). A total of 76 @entity1 underwent an opioid substitution in the period taken into consideration. Seventeen @entity1 were excluded as they died in the unit or underwent an alternative procedure after unsuccessful opioid trials. A total of 50 @entity1 were consecutively assessed and discharged after performing an @entity4784 . The mean age was 63 (  11) years, and 29 were males. Of the 31 @entity1 , 29 @entity1 were switched during admission once and twice or more, respectively. In all, 32 @entity1 had a complete assessment at T2 and T4. In 13 @entity1 the switching was definitive, as they maintained the same drug and the same dose. Other @entity1 required the same changes to opioid therapy, including doses and drugs. Only a minority of @entity1 worsened their @entity158 and/or symptom control in the subsequent assessments after discharge. CONCLUSIONS: Opioid switching performed in acute @entity158 relief and palliative care is an effective method of improving the balance between @entity1337 and adverse effects, even for prolonged periods of time, following discharge to another setting of care. However, for different reasons, some of @entity1 may lose this benefit. Additional studies using different models of care should be performed in order to gather further information about the long-term outcome of @entity4784 .

title: Outcome of XXXX 4 weeks after discharge from a palliative care unit.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4784 :: ('MESH:D009293', 'Disease') :: ['opioid switching']

entities_list: @entity1337 :: ('MESH:D000699', 'Disease') :: ['analgesia']

answer: @entity4784 :: (MESH:D009293,Disease) :: ['opioid switching']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Current guidelines require a change (rise and/or fall) in levels of cardiac troponin (cTn) for the diagnosis of @entity583 ( @entity583 ). It is unknown whether absolute or relative changes provide higher accuracy when using high-sensitivity @entity6949 assays. METHODS: In a prospective international multicentre study, we assessed the diagnostic accuracy of early absolute and relative changes in @entity6949 measured with two novel pre-commercial high-sensitivity assays (Siemens and Beckman Coulter) in 943 unselected @entity1 presenting to the ED with suspected @entity583 . The final diagnosis of @entity583 was adjudicated using all available data including serial hs- @entity10020 levels by two independent cardiologists. RESULTS: The diagnostic accuracy of absolute changes in the diagnosis of @entity583 as quantified by the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) was very high (e.g. at 2 h, Siemens high-sensitivity @entity6949 AUC 0.93, 95%Cl 0.90-0.96; Beckman Coulter high-sensitivity @entity6949 AUC 0.93, 95%Cl 0.90-0.96) and superior to relative changes at all time points (p < 0.001). The results were consistent in clinically important subgroups. Direct comparison of the absolute changes in the two high-sensitivity @entity6949 assays showed similar accuracy. When combined with the baseline @entity6949 levels, the difference between absolute and relative changes became much smaller and remained statistically significant only for the Siemens assay. CONCLUSIONS: As single variables early absolute changes in high-sensitivity @entity6949 levels have significantly higher diagnostic accuracy than relative changes. When combined with the baseline cTn level, reflecting clinical practice, both absolute and relative changes provided very high accuracy with much smaller differences between both approaches.

title: Serial changes in high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I in the early diagnosis of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['AMI', 'acute myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['acute myocardial infarction']


abstract: BACKGROUND: With the recent US Food and Drug Administration approval of a combination oral contraceptive that causes a @entity548 every 3 months instead of monthly, avoidance of menstruation through extended or continuous administration (>28 days of active pills) of combined oral contraceptives may become more commonplace for reasons of personal preference rather than limited to treatment of @entity1866 . METHODS: The review aimed to compare contraceptive efficacy, compliance, continuation, satisfaction, @entity548 profiles, and menstrual symptoms of combined oral contraceptives with continuous dosing (>28 days of active pills) versus traditional cyclic dosing (21 days of active pills and 7 days of placebo). We searched five computerized databases as well as reference lists of relevant articles for @entity23 ( @entity23 ) using continuous or extended combined oral contraceptives for contraception. Two reviewers independently extracted data from eligible articles. RESULTS: Six @entity23 met inclusion criteria and were of good quality. Contraceptive efficacy and compliance were similar between groups. Discontinuation overall, and for @entity548 problems, was not uniformly higher in either group. When studied, @entity1 reported high satisfaction with both dosing regimens. Five out of the six studies found that @entity548 patterns were either equivalent or improved with continuous-dosing regimens. The continuous-dosing group had greater improvement of menstrual-associated symptoms ( @entity10 , @entity146 , tiredness, bloating, and @entity1834 ). CONCLUSIONS: The variations in pill type and time-interval for continuous dosing make direct comparisons between regimens unfeasible. To allow for comparisons, future studies should choose a previously researched pill and dosing regimen. More attention needs to be directed towards @entity1 satisfaction and menstruation-associated symptoms.

title: Continuous versus cyclic use of combined oral contraceptives for contraception: systematic Cochrane review of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'participant']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['withdrawal bleed', 'bleeding']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['genital irritation']

entities_list: @entity1834 :: ('MESH:D004412', 'Disease') :: ['menstrual pain']

entities_list: @entity1866 :: ('MESH:D008599', 'Disease') :: ['menstrual-associated medical disorders']

entities_list: @entity23 :: ('MESH:D007174', 'Disease') :: ['RCT', 'randomized controlled trials']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headaches']

answer: @entity23 :: (MESH:D007174,Disease) :: ['randomized controlled trials']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although @entity1300 ( @entity1300 ) has been associated with alterations in ovarian function and hormones in animals, it has not been studied in @entity1 . On 10 July 1976, an explosion exposed residents of Seveso, Italy, to the highest levels of @entity1300 in a population. Twenty years later, we initiated the Seveso @entity1 's Health Study to study reproductive health. OBJECTIVE: We related @entity1300 levels measured in sera collected near the time of explosion and ovarian function ( @entity42 , ovarian follicles, ovulation rate, serum hormones) at follow-up. METHODS: We included 363 @entity1 who were 20-40 years of age and nonusers of oral contraceptives. We examined the relationship of 1976 serum @entity1300 levels with ultrasound-detected ovarian follicles among 96 @entity1 in the menstrual follicular phase and serum hormone levels ( @entity53 , @entity1420 ) among 129 @entity1 in the menstrual luteal phase at follow-up. Ovulation was defined by serum @entity1420 levels > 3 ng/mL. RESULTS: The median serum @entity1300 level was 77.3 ppt, lipid-adjusted. Serum @entity1300 was not associated with number or size of ovarian follicles. Of @entity1 in the luteal phase, 87 (67%) ovulated. Serum log(10) @entity1300 was not associated with odds of ovulation [adjusted odds ratio = 0.99; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.5 to 1.9]. Among those who had ovulated, serum log(10) @entity1300 was not associated with serum @entity1420 [adjusted beta (adj-beta ) = -0.70; 95% CI, -2.4 to 1.0] or @entity53 (adj-beta = -1.81; 95% CI, -10.4 to 6.8). CONCLUSIONS: We found no clear evidence that 1976 @entity1300 exposure was associated with ovarian function 20 years later in @entity1 exposed to relatively high levels in Seveso, Italy.

title: Serum dioxin concentrations and quality of ovarian function in XXXX of Seveso.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'humans', 'Women']

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['estradiol']

entities_list: @entity42 :: ('MESH:D010048', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cysts']

entities_list: @entity1300 :: ('MESH:D013749', 'Chemical') :: ['TCDD', '2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: The Sequenced Treatment Alternatives to Relieve @entity308 (STAR*D) Study revealed poorer antidepressant treatment response among black compared with white @entity1 . This racial disparity persisted even after socioeconomic and baseline clinical factors were taken into account. Some studies have suggested genetic contributions to this disparity, but none have attempted to disentangle race and genetic ancestry. Here we used genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data to examine independent contributions of race and genetic ancestry to @entity837 response. Secondary data analyses included 1877 STAR*D @entity1 who completed an average of 10 weeks of @entity837 treatment and provided DNA samples. @entity1 reported their race as White (n=1464), black (n=299) or other/mixed (n=114). Genetic ancestry was estimated by multidimensional scaling (MDS) analyses of about 500   000 SNPs. Ancestry proportions were estimated by STRUCTURE. Structural equation modeling was used to examine the direct and indirect effects of observed and latent predictors of response, defined as change in the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (QIDS) score from baseline to exit. Socioeconomic and baseline clinical factors, race, and @entity148 significantly predicted response, as previously reported. However, direct effects of race disappeared in all models that included genetic ancestry. Genetic African ancestry predicted lower treatment response in all models. Although socioeconomic and baseline clinical factors drive racial differences in antidepressant response, genetic ancestry, rather than self-reported race, explains a significant fraction of the residual differences. Larger samples would be needed to identify the specific genetic mechanisms that may be involved, but these findings underscore the importance of including more African-American @entity1 in drug trials.

title: Race, genetic ancestry and response to antidepressant treatment for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity837 :: ('MESH:D015283', 'Chemical') :: ['citalopram']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['major depression']


abstract: We conducted combined therapy of weekly @entity1311 and @entity1013 (5'-DFUR) for 23 cases of advanced and recurrent @entity356 to investigate their efficacy and safety. Subjects included 7 unresectable cases, 5 noncurative resection cases, and 11 recurrent cases. Twenty of the 23 subjects had a history of prior treatment with another anticancer drug. The treatment regime consisted of one course comprising 70 mg/m(2)of @entity1311 weekly for three consecutive weeks followed by one week rest, combined with 800 mg/day of 5'-DFUR orally. Results revealed a response rate of 17.6% (3/17), with 2 cases of CR, 1 case of PR, 10 cases of NC, and 4 cases of @entity1726 . One of the CR cases was an unresectable case involving a @entity5 , liver @entity3 , and abdominal lymph node @entity3 , while the other was a recurrent case involving abdominal lymph node @entity3 . The median survival period was 387 days. The one-and two-year survival rates were 52% and 24%, respectively. In terms of adverse effects, there were only single cases of grade 3 @entity1431 and grade 3 @entity1398 , with no cases of grade 4 hemotoxicity. Both @entity1 could be treated as outpatients. Combination therapy of weekly @entity1311 and @entity1013 can be an effective and safe therapy for advanced and recurrent @entity356 .

title: [Combined chemotherapy with weekly @entity1311 and XXXX for advanced and recurrent @entity356 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['primary tumor']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity1431 :: ('MESH:D007970', 'Disease') :: ['leukopenia']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity1013 :: ('MESH:C025034', 'Chemical') :: ['doxifluridine', "5'-DFUR"]

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric carcinomas']

answer: @entity1013 :: (MESH:C025034,Chemical) :: ['doxifluridine']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare the effect of @entity3591 and @entity4688 on @entity1423 , and platelet production of @entity1234 in @entity1 with mild to moderate @entity101 . @entity1 AND METHODS: A parallel, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was carried out in 24 @entity1 (2 groups of 12 @entity1 each). Initially all @entity1 received placebo for four weeks; then @entity3591 , 5 mg daily or @entity4688 20 mg daily taken once a day at 7 am. Dosage was doubled after 4 weeks when diastolic blood pressure was > 90 mmHg in sitting position, the treatment was continued for 12 weeks. At the end of placebo and active phases a @entity1423 test, using @entity857 , collagen and adrenaline, and a platelet @entity1234 production test, either in basal conditions ( @entity1865 -basal) and after the stimulation of @entity1426 pathway by adding @entity8816 ( @entity1865 -activated) were carried out. RESULTS: Blood pressure was reduced by both agents, @entity4688 and @entity3591 . @entity4688 controlled 58.3% of @entity101 @entity1 with an average dosage of 31.7 mg/daily. @entity3591 controlled 75% of @entity1 with a dosage of 7.1 mg/daily. Platelet aggregation was reduced by @entity3591 in 15.9% for @entity857 (10 microM); 17.4% for collagen (2 microg/ml) and 19.9% for adrenaline (2 microM) (p < 0.025). Meanwhile @entity4688 slightly increased @entity1423 by 6.7%, 1.3% and 5.6% for the three agents, respectively (p > 0.05, ns). @entity1234 was reduced by @entity3591 in 45.33% (p < 0.05) for @entity1865 -basal; 3.76% (p > 0.05) for @entity1865 -activated; and the ratio @entity1865 -basal: @entity1865 -activated in 36.79% (p < 0.005). Meanwhile @entity4688 increased @entity1865 -basal in 2.89%; @entity1865 -activated in 3.58% and reduced the ratio @entity1865 -basal: @entity1865 -activated, in 10.34% (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Both agents, @entity4688 and @entity3591 , reduced blood pressure, but only @entity3591 reduced @entity1423 and platelet production of @entity1234 , indicating its action on the @entity1426 metabolic pathway.

title: Effects of @entity3591 and @entity4688 on platelet function in XXXX with mild to moderate @entity101 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity4688 :: ('MESH:D004656', 'Chemical') :: ['enalapril', 'Enalapril']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive', 'arterial hypertension']

entities_list: @entity1423 :: ('MESH:D001791', 'Disease') :: ['platelet aggregation']

entities_list: @entity1426 :: ('MESH:D016718', 'Chemical') :: ['arachidonic acid']

entities_list: @entity8816 :: ('MESH:D005033', 'Chemical') :: ['ethylmaleimide']

entities_list: @entity1234 :: ('MESH:D008315', 'Chemical') :: ['Malondialdehyde', 'malondialdehyde']

entities_list: @entity3591 :: ('MESH:D017311', 'Chemical') :: ['amlodipine', 'Amlodipine']

entities_list: @entity857 :: ('MESH:D000244', 'Chemical') :: ['ADP', 'adenosine diphosphate']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Semantic category learning is dependent upon several factors, including the nature of the learning task, as well as individual differences in the quality and heterogeneity of exemplars that an individual encounters during learning. We trained healthy older adults (n=39) and individuals with a diagnosis of @entity195 or Mild @entity73 (n=44) to recognize instances of a fictitious animal, a "crutter". Each stimulus item contained 10 visual features (e.g., color, tail shape) which took one of two values for each feature (e.g., yellow/red, curly/straight tails). @entity1 were presented with a series of items (learning phase) and were either told the items belonged to a semantic category (explicit condition) or were told to think about the appearance of the items (implicit condition). Half of @entity1 saw learning items with higher similarity to an unseen prototype (high typicality learning set), and thus lower between-item variability in their constituent features; the other half learned from items with lower typicality (low typicality learning set) and higher between-item feature variability. After the learning phase, @entity1 were presented with test items one at a time that varied in the number of typical features from 0 (antitype) to 10 (prototype). We examined between-subjects factors of learning set (lower or higher typicality), instruction type (explicit or implicit), and group ( @entity1 vs. elderly control). Learning in controls was aided by higher learning set typicality: while controls in both learning set groups demonstrated significant learning, those exposed to a high-typicality learning set appeared to develop a prototype that helped guide their category membership judgments. Overall, @entity1 demonstrated more difficulty with category learning than elderly controls. @entity1 exposed to the higher-typicality learning set were sensitive to the typical features of the category and discriminated between the most and least typical test items, although less reliably than controls. In contrast, @entity1 exposed to the low-typicality learning set showed no evidence of learning. Analysis of structural imaging data indicated a positive association between left hippocampal grey matter density in elderly controls but a negative association in the @entity1 group, suggesting differential reliance on hippocampal-mediated learning. Contrary to hypotheses, learning did not differ between explicit and implicit conditions for either group. Results demonstrate that category learning is improved when learning materials are highly similar to the prototype.

title: Category learning in XXXX and normal cognitive aging depends on initial experience of feature variability.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['Cognitive Impairment']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["Alzheimer's disease"]

answer: @entity195 :: (MESH:D000544,Disease) :: ['Alzheimer's disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Recent narrative reviews have concluded that there is no support for an association between @entity167 consumption and @entity3484 . Many individual studies, however, have reported positive associations, although rarely statistically significant. The purpose of this meta-analysis is to summarize and quantify this relationship with more statistical power and to perform a sensitivity analysis on the study characteristics. METHODS: We included 16 epidemiological studies published up to April 1999 and calculated summary odds ratios (SORs), both upgraded and adjusted for age, sex and smoking by meta-regression analyses. The age- and smoking-adjusted SORs (current @entity167 drinking vs. non-drinking) were 1.3 (95% CI 0.9-2.0) for six studies with @entity1 and 1.0 (95% CI 0.4-2.6) for four studies with @entity1 . RESULTS: The age-, sex- and smoking-adjusted SOR was 1.2 (95% CI 0.9-1.7) for seven studies with @entity1 and @entity1 combined. CONCLUSION: Even though studies differed in methodology, the results were rather consistent. Subgroup analyses by type or amount of @entity167 were not possible due to sparse data. We conclude that the available data suggest a slightly increased risk of @entity3484 from @entity167 consumption for @entity1 . The risk related to @entity167 consumption for @entity1 and the influence of the amount and type of @entity167 remain unclear.

title: Elevated risk of cancer of the urinary tract for XXXX drinkers: a meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity3484 :: ('MESH:D014571', 'Disease') :: ['urinary tract cancer']

answer: @entity167 :: (CHEBI:16236,Chemical) :: ['alcohol']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The long-term consequences of @entity12011 ( @entity12011 ) are largely unexplored. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the risk of @entity583 ( @entity583 ) in @entity12011 compared to @entity164 2 @entity6 , taking into consideration the effects of socio-economic and lifestyle factors, the @entity209 and glycaemic control. METHODS: A total of 62 995 @entity1 including 207 individuals with @entity12011 (onset >= 35 years and anti-GAD positive) and 2322 individuals with @entity164 2 @entity6 (onset >= 35 years and anti-GAD negative), from the population-based Norwegian HUNT study, were followed for a first @entity583 during the period 1995-2008. We identified 2614 MIs by hospital records or the National Cause of Death Registry. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate the risk of @entity583 by @entity6 subgroups after adjustment for age and socio-economic and lifestyle factors. RESULTS: @entity12011 amongst @entity1 was associated with a nearly fourfold increased risk of @entity583 [hazard ratio (HR) 3.63, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.21-5.96) compared to nondiabetic @entity1 , whereas no excess risk was found in @entity1 with @entity12011 (HR 1.30, 95% CI 0.70-2.52). By contrast, @entity164 2 @entity6 was associated with an increased @entity583 risk in both @entity1 (HR 1.92, 95% CI 1.62-2.26) and @entity1 (HR 2.39, 95% CI 1.98-2.89). The metabolic profile was more favourable in @entity1 with @entity12011 than in those with @entity164 2 @entity6 , but glycaemic control was worse. Multivariable models and sensitivity analyses suggest that these results were robust. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with @entity12011 were more likely to develop @entity583 , compared to @entity1 with @entity12011 and both @entity1 and @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 . Further investigations are warranted to confirm this gender difference.

title: Autoimmune @entity6 in adults and risk of XXXX : the HUNT study in Norway.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'patients', 'Women', 'men']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity12011 :: ('MESH:C565730', 'Disease') :: ['AIDA', 'autoimmune diabetes in adults']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'MI']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarction']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Assessing couple fecundity on a nation-wide basis without excluding couples who eventually remain @entity249 is challenging. Our aim was to describe couple fecundity (in terms of frequency of @entity249 ) among the general population living in France. METHODS: We used a current-duration design. A random sample of 64 262 households was selected in 2007-2008, allowing us to identify 15 810 @entity1 aged 18-44 years. Eligible @entity1 (n= 1089) were those having regular sexual intercourse with a male partner, not using any method of contraception and not having delivered in the previous 3 months. These @entity1 reported information on the current duration of unprotected intercourse (CDUI, the time elapsed between the start of the period of unprotected intercourse and the time of inclusion in the study). The CDUI distribution was used to estimate the frequency of @entity249 , using a newly developed statistical technique that does not require couples to be followed up until the end of the period of unprotected intercourse. RESULTS: CDUI was defined for 867 @entity1 . An estimated 46% of couples had no detected pregnancy conceived during the first 6 months of unprotected intercourse [95% confidence interval (CI), 36-56%]. The proportions of couples with no detected pregnancy within 12 and 24 months were 24% (19-30%) and 11% (8-14%), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: These results constitute one of the few descriptions of the fecundity of a nation-wide representative sample of couples from the general population, not limited to couples who eventually conceived or to those resorting to medical help.

title: Estimation of the frequency of XXXX on a nation-wide basis.

entities_list: @entity249 :: ('MESH:D007246', 'Disease') :: ['involuntary infertility', 'infertile']

answer: @entity249 :: (MESH:D007246,Disease) :: ['involuntary infertility']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To identify risk factors for the development of antepartum @entity55 and to describe maternal and perinatal outcome in pregnant @entity1 with @entity55 . METHODS: The study group consisted of 59 @entity1 with antepartum @entity55 . @entity55 was defined by the presence of lower respiratory tract symptoms, radiographic findings, no other source of infection, and at least two of the following: oral temperature > or =38 degrees @entity1762 blood cell count > or =15,000/ml, auscultatory findings, and/or positive sputum cultures. For comparison, a control group (n = 118) of pregnant @entity1 was formed by selecting the first mother who delivered immediately before and after an index study subject. RESULTS: Mothers in the study group were significantly more likely than @entity1 in the control group to have either a history of @entity565 (P = 0.022) or an admission hematocrit < or =30% (P < 0.001). @entity1 with @entity55 were also more likely to receive a tocolytic agent (P < 0.001) and/or @entity5935 to enhance fetal lung maturity (P < 0.001). In addition, study subjects delivered at an earlier mean gestational age (P = 0.002) and had @entity1 who weighed significantly less (P = 0.003) than mothers in the control group. Multivariate analysis indicated that @entity1 with @entity565 or @entity417 had more than a five-fold increase in the risk of developing @entity55 during pregnancy (P = 0.013), and mothers with @entity55 were significantly more likely to deliver before 34 weeks gestation (P = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS: @entity55 during pregnancy was associated with maternal @entity417 and @entity565 . In addition, @entity3152 with tocolysis and/or @entity5935 was more common in @entity1 with @entity55 , and these @entity1 were more likely to deliver preterm and have low birthweight @entity1 compared to @entity1 without @entity55 .

title: XXXX as a complication of pregnancy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Women', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity3152 :: ('MESH:D007752', 'Disease') :: ['preterm labor']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia', 'Pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity5935 :: ('MESH:D001623', 'Chemical') :: ['beta-methasone']

answer: @entity55 :: (MESH:D011014,Disease) :: ['Pneumonia']


abstract: AIM: The overexpression of the @entity1 @entity40753 gene can reduce blood pressure and ameliorate the secondary syndromes associated with @entity101 in animal models. The current study was designed to investigate @entity551 effect of intramuscular delivery of @entity40753 gene. METHODS: We generated an recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vector expressing @entity1 tissue @entity18504 under the control of a cytomegalovirus promoter and administered the rAAV- @entity40753 vector to a spontaneously @entity101 @entity35 model at a dose of 1 x 10(10) virons/ @entity35 through intramuscular injection. RESULTS: A persistent, high-level expression of @entity40753 post-gene delivery was confirmed by ELISA. The systolic blood pressure in the @entity35 receiving rAAV-LacZ and saline increased from 171.3 mmHg to 182.3 mmHg 28 weeks' post injection. In contrast, the delivery of the @entity40753 gene by AAV vectors attenuated the increase of the systolic blood pressure in the treated group. The systolic blood pressure was only slightly lowered (from a level of 174 mmHg to 170.5 mmHg) post-vector administration. The difference in blood pressure between the treated group and the control groups is statistically significant at 12.6 mmHg. The @entity551 effect of rAAV- @entity40753 persisted until the end of the testing period. In addition, a significant amelioration of @entity65 , @entity8 , and collagen depositions in the rAAV- @entity40753 -treated animals were also observed. CONCLUSION: All the effects are comparable with those of intravenous delivery. Therefore, the intramuscular administration of rAAV- @entity40753 may be used in gene therapy for @entity101 .

title: Intramuscular delivery of rAAV-mediated XXXX gene reduces @entity101 and prevents @entity65 in model @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal injury']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity40753 :: ('3816', 'Gene') :: ['HK', 'tissue kallikrein (HK)']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotensive']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular hypertrophy']

answer: @entity18504 :: (9622,Gene) :: ['kallikrein']


abstract: To improve the practical application of @entity505 nanotubes, it is critically important to extend their physical properties from the nanoscale to the macroscopic scale. Recently, chemists aligned continuous multiwalled @entity505 nanotube (MWCNT) sheets and fibers to produce materials with high mechanical strength and electrical conductivity. This provided an important clue to the use of MWCNTs at macroscopic scale. Researchers have made multiple efforts to optimize this aligned structure and improve the properties of MWCNT sheets and fibers. In this Account, we briefly highlight the new synthetic methods and promising applications of aligned MWCNTs for organic optoelectronic materials and devices. We describe several general methods to prepare both horizontally and perpendicularly aligned MWCNT/polymer composite films, through an easy solution or melting process. The composite films exhibit the combined properties of being flexible, transparent, and electrically conductive. These advances may pave the way to new flexible substrates for organic solar cells, sensing devices, and other related applications. Similarly, we discuss the synthesis of aligned MWCNT/polymer composite fibers with interesting mechanical and electrical properties. Through these methods, we can incorporate a wide variety of soluble or fusible polymers for such composite films and fibers. In addition, we can later introduce functional polymers with conjugated backbones or side chains to improve the properties of these composite materials. In particular, cooperative interactions between aligned MWCNTs and polymers can produce novel properties that do not occur individually. Common examples of this are two types of responsive polymers, photodeformable @entity37313 -containing liquid crystalline polymer and chromatic @entity46609 . Aligning the structure of MWCNTs induces the orientation of @entity37313 -containing mesogens, and produces photodeformable polymer elastomers. This strategy also solves the long-standing problems from the traditional mechanical rubbing method, which include production of @entity174 and structure damage during fabrication and building up electrostatic charge during use. Aligning MWCNTs induces a conformational change in @entity46609 , which causes the composite fibers to be electrochromatic, a previously unknown reaction in chromatic polymers. Due to their large surface area, flexibility, electrical conductivity, and remarkable electrocatalytic activity, aligned MWCNT films can be used as counter electrodes to produce highly efficient dye-sensitized solar cells. In addition, chemists have developed new electrodes from the aligned MWCNT fibers to make a family of high-performing, wire-shaped dye-sensitized solar cells.

title: The alignment of XXXX nanotubes: an effective route to extend their excellent properties to macroscopic scale.

entities_list: @entity37313 :: ('MESH:C009850', 'Chemical') :: ['azobenzene']

entities_list: @entity46609 :: ('MESH:C082361', 'Chemical') :: ['polydiacetylene']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['broken debris']

answer: @entity505 :: (MESH:D002244,Chemical) :: ['carbon']


abstract: Transplantation of @entity1 cardiomyoblast-like cells ( @entity1262 ) from @entity1 adipose tissue-derived multi-lineage progenitor cells improved left ventricular function and survival of @entity35 with @entity583 . Here we examined the effect of intracoronary artery transplantation of @entity1 @entity1262 in a @entity1707 model of @entity712 . Twenty-four @entity1707 underwent @entity432 of the first diagonal branch followed by reperfusion, with a second @entity432 of the left ascending coronary artery 1 week later followed by reperfusion. Four weeks after the second occlusion/reperfusion, 17 of the 18 surviving animals with severe chronic MI (ejection fraction <35% by echocardiography) were immunosuppressed then randomly assigned to receive either intracoronary artery transplantation of @entity1262 hADMPCs or placebo lactic Ringer's solution with heparin. Intracoronary artery transplantation was followed by the distribution of @entity18516 -stained @entity1262 into the scarred myocardial milieu. Echocardiography at post-transplant days 4 and 8 weeks showed rescue and maintenance of cardiac function in the @entity1262 transplanted group, but not in the control animals, indicating myocardial functional recovery by @entity1262 intracoronary transplantation. At 8 week post-transplantation, 7 of 8 @entity1262 transplanted animals were still alive compared with only 1 of the 5 control (p=0.0147). Histological studies at week 12 post-transplantation demonstrated engraftment of the pre DiI-stained @entity1262 into the scarred myocardium and their expression of @entity1 specific @entity17712 . @entity1 alpha cardiac actin-positive cells also expressed cardiac nuclear factors; @entity21505 and @entity15774 . Our results suggest that intracoronary artery transplantation of @entity1262 is a potentially effective therapeutic strategy for future cardiac tissue regeneration.

title: Intracoronary artery transplantation of cardiomyoblast-like cells from @entity1 adipose tissue-derived multi-lineage progenitor cells improve left ventricular dysfunction and survival in a @entity1707 model of chronic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['chronic heart failure']

entities_list: @entity17712 :: ('59', 'Gene') :: ['alpha-cardiac actin']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['balloon-occlusion']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarction']


abstract: To evaluate the efficacy of directed percutaneous fine-needle @entity1173 (FNA) biopsy in the diagnosis of recurrent and metastatic @entity5 , we reviewed our experience from 1981 to 1988. Seventy-three aspirations were performed in 73 @entity1 . Forty-six @entity1 with a previously treated @entity5 had @entity1173 to diagnose either locally recurrent or metastatic disease. The remaining 27 @entity1 had liver @entity1173 to rule out metastases from suspected or unknown primary sites. Computed tomography and ultrasonography were equally effective in providing diagnostic material, which was obtained from 68 of 73 aspirates. No serious morbidity occurred. Fifty-seven @entity1 had a metastatic or recurrent @entity5 , and 3 had primary @entity157 . Fine-needle @entity1173 biopsy correctly identified 51 (85 percent) of these 60 cases. There were no false-positive results and five false-negative results. Aspiration results obviated the need for a diagnostic laparotomy in 49 of the 60 @entity1 with @entity5 (82 percent). We conclude that directed percutaneous FNA biopsy is a safe and accurate method of diagnosing recurrent and metastatic @entity5 .

title: Fine-needle @entity1173 biopsy in the diagnosis of recurrent and metastatic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['intraabdominal malignancies', 'malignancy']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1173 :: ('MESH:D053120', 'Disease') :: ['aspiration']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['intraabdominal malignancies']


abstract: @entity14297 synthase (PGHS) synthesizes PGH2, a prostaglandin precursor, from @entity1426 and was the first monotopic enzyme to have its structure experimentally determined. Both isozymes of PGHS are inhibited by nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, an important class of drugs that are the primary means of relieving @entity158 and @entity32 . Selectively inhibiting the second isozyme, @entity3840 , minimizes the gastrointestinal side-effects. This had been achieved by the new @entity3840 selective NSAIDs (i.e., @entity2247 inhibitors) but it has been recently suggested that they suffer from additional side-effects. The design of these drugs only made use of static structures from x-ray crystallographic experiments. Investigating the dynamics of both @entity7542 and @entity3840 using classical molecular dynamics is expected to generate new insight into the differences in behavior between the isozymes, and therefore may allow improved @entity3840 selective inhibitors to be designed. We describe a molecular dynamics protocol that integrates PGHS monomers into phospholipid bilayers, thereby producing in silico atomistic models of the PGHS system. Our protocol exploits the vacuum created beneath the protein when several lipids are removed from the top leaflet of the bilayer. The protein integrates into the bilayer during the first 5 ns in a repeatable process. The integrated PGHS monomer is stable and forms multiple @entity3884 bonds between the @entity1391 groups of the lipids and conserved basic residues ( @entity534 , Lys) on the protein. These interactions stabilize the system and are similar to interactions observed for transmembrane proteins.

title: A computational protocol for the integration of the monotopic protein XXXX synthase into a phospholipid bilayer.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity3884 :: ('MESH:D006859', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrogen']

entities_list: @entity1426 :: ('MESH:D016718', 'Chemical') :: ['arachidonic acid']

entities_list: @entity1391 :: ('CHEBI:26020', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphate']

entities_list: @entity14297 :: ('MESH:D044262', 'Chemical') :: ['Prostaglandin H2']

answer: @entity14297 :: (MESH:D044262,Chemical) :: ['prostaglandin H2']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Over the past decades the @entity1152 ( @entity1152 ) has represented the greatest challenging @entity600 encountered by the pediatric surgeon. Since then, there have been considerable advancements in the treatment of @entity1152 . In this paper the experience at the "Anna Meyer @entity1 's Hospital of Florence" in regards to the surgical treatment of the @entity1152 from 1955 to present day is reported, so that the analysis of the various medical and surgical choices followed by the authors and their predecessors in this long period, can be an important learning tool for the @entity1152 management. METHODS: From 1955 to 2000, 223 newborns affected by @entity1152 with @entity4501 ( @entity4501 ) have been operated on out of a total of 250 cases of @entity1152 . Our experience has been subdivided into periods on the basis of homogeneous medical and surgical treatment adopted in that determined time. We have analyzed particularly the data of the last period 1995-2000, where there has been a well standardized protocol of treatment from the medical, surgical and intensive care points of view. RESULTS: The mortality rate has decreased from 44.8 to 3.4% with a significant reduction (p<0.001) between the years 1979-1983 and 1984-2000, due to the introduction of a perioperative treatment in the newborn intensive care unit. Moreover, a significant correlation (p<0.05) has been shown between low birthweight and associated @entity600 , two risk factors that however do not negatively influence the results of the treatment in the last period 1995-2000. CONCLUSIONS: A full integration between the surgeon and neonatologist is necessary in order to guarantee a good result. The risk connected to @entity1152 is not as much the surgical procedure as the presence or absence of associate @entity600 that are undetected in the prenatal diagnosis. It is suggested that, in order to further reduce the mortality and morbidity rate after @entity1152 correction, the number of prenatal diagnoses should be increased.

title: [Esophageal atresia with distal tracheo-esophageal fistula. Evolution of the treatment in the period of 1955-2000 at the Anna Meyer XXXX 's Hospital of Florence].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Children']

entities_list: @entity4501 :: ('MESH:D014138', 'Disease') :: ['TEF', 'tracheoesophageal fistula']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['malformations', 'malformation']

entities_list: @entity1152 :: ('MESH:D004933', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal atresia', 'EA']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Children']


abstract: We evaluated the epidemiology of and trends in primary @entity4963 within a network of 682 German intensive care units (ICUs) during 2006 to 2011. Nosocomial laboratory-confirmed @entity281 (NLCBI) was diagnosed using standard definitions from the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Incidences were calculated by NLCBI per 1,000 @entity1 and incidence densities per 1,000 @entity1 -days and per 1,000 central-line days. In the 682 ICUs, there were 2,220,803 @entity1 , 7,943,615 @entity1 -days and 5,363,026 central-line days. A total of 381 of the 6,666 NLCBIs were associated with @entity5132 , 142 with non-albicans Candida. Non-albicans Candida made up 26% of all the Candida isolates. The mean incidence density of Candida central line-associated NLCBIs was 0.09 per 1,000 central-line days and remained unchanged between 2006 and 2011. Crude ICU mortality was 21.9% for @entity5132 and 29.7% for non-albicans Candida. Candida was the fourth leading cause of primary NLCBIs, accounting for 6.5% of all bloodstream infections acquired in ICUs. Based on an incidence density of 0.07 per 1,000 @entity1 -days, extrapolation of our data resulted in 465 primary nosocomial Candida NLCBIs in German ICUs per year. Our data show that there was no increase in primary Candida NLCBIs during 2006 to 2011.

title: No increase in primary XXXX in 682 German intensive care units during 2006 to 2011.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['bloodstream infection']

entities_list: @entity4963 :: ('MESH:D058387', 'Disease') :: ['nosocomial candidemia']

entities_list: @entity5132 :: ('5476', 'Species') :: ['Candida albicans', 'C. albicans']

answer: @entity4963 :: (MESH:D058387,Disease) :: ['nosocomial candidemia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The objective of this comparison was to determine if retention balloon catheters are more effective than standard tip catheters in preventing barium @entity322 during double-contrast barium enemas. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A prospective randomized study was conducted over a 1-year period after institutional review board approval. Two hundred twenty-three @entity1 (102 @entity1 , 121 @entity1 ; median age, 68 years; age range, 50-94 years) were randomized to retention balloon or standard tip catheter after giving informed consent. Barium @entity322 was graded A (did not lead to examination failure) or B (led to examination failure). RESULTS: One hundred thirteen @entity1 (51%) were examined with retention balloon catheters and 110 @entity1 (49%) with standard tip catheters. In the retention balloon catheter group, 26 @entity1 (23%) were incontinent (22 [19.5%] grade A, four [3.5%] grade B). In the standard tip catheter group, 31 @entity1 (28%) were incontinent (24 [21.8%] grade A, seven [6.4%] grade B). No significant difference was seen in @entity322 rates between the two catheter groups (p = 0.54, chi-square test). Sixteen @entity1 (7.2%) gave a prior history of @entity1241 . Of these, 15 (94%) developed @entity322 , and in seven (44%), grade-B @entity322 led to examination failure. CONCLUSION: Retention balloon catheters have no advantage over standard tip catheters at preventing barium @entity322 . Given the possible higher rates of @entity130 associated with retention balloon catheters, their use may not be justified. A prior history of @entity1241 is a strong predictor of examination failure.

title: A randomized comparison of retention balloon and standard tip rectal catheters in preventing XXXX during double-contrast barium enema.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1241 :: ('MESH:D005242', 'Disease') :: ['fecal incontinence']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['incontinence']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['rectal trauma']

answer: @entity322 :: (MESH:D014549,Disease) :: ['incontinence']


abstract: We determined whether @entity1 marrow cells that directly form colonies in vitro could be distinguished from cells that generate or become @entity25938 only after LTMC in the presence of irradiated marrow stromal cells. In previous studies, an anti- @entity1116 antibody, L4F3, and complement (C') were used to lyse nearly all @entity25938 in marrow, and the remaining cells generated @entity25938 in LTMC. In the present studies, marrow cells were treated with L4F3 + C' and the remaining @entity1116 - cells were separated into @entity2280 + and @entity2280 - populations and placed in LTMC. Only the @entity2280 + cells were found to generate significant numbers of @entity25938 . To compare the @entity1116 - @entity2280 + and @entity1116 + @entity2280 + cells, we isolated each cell population using two-color FACS. Only LTMCs of the @entity1116 - @entity2280 + cells generated @entity25938 for greater than 5 wk. In contrast, cells that expressed both the @entity1116 and @entity2280 antigens, which contained most of the @entity25938 , generated few @entity25938 in LTMC. Fractionation of marrow cells based on right angle and forward light scattering suggested that precursors for @entity25938 have low right angle and low forward light scattering properties. The @entity1116 - @entity2280 + marrow cells were therefore further fractionated based on light scatter characteristics. Cells with low right angle and low forward light scatter formed few or no colonies on direct culture, yet generated greater numbers of @entity25938 after 4 wk of LTMC than did cells with low right angle and high forward light scatter. Most (87-98%) @entity25938 generated in the LTMCs that were initiated with @entity1116 - @entity2280 + cells were found to express the @entity1116 antigen. Thus, hematopoietic progenitors with differing proliferative and differentiative potentials can be directly separated on the basis of their expression of @entity1116 and @entity2280 cell surface antigens and their light scatter properties.

title: Precursors of colony-forming cells in @entity1 can be distinguished from colony-forming cells by expression of the @entity1116 and XXXX antigens and light scatter properties.

answer: @entity2280 :: (947,Gene) :: ['CD34']


abstract: Manifestations of @entity4096 of the lower limbs are related to congenital or acquired @entity3179 in the deep veins, to post- @entity3527 occlusion of the deep veins or to @entity3179 in the superficial veins. Functional impairment may be associated with varicose veins or not. Clinical signs include a heavy feeling in the legs, fatigue, and sometimes cramps or impatience in the evening. Sometimes there is a seasonal character to the complaints. The varicosities are localized in the territory of the medial saphenous vein, the lateral saphenous vein, or both and sometimes affect the pelvic region. Complications may occur including @entity548 , superficial @entity3527 or @entity551 . An echo coupled Doppler helps determine the therapeutic indications and provides a mapping of the venous system for functional evaluations. @entity6312 result from minute dilatations of superficial vessels. There are exclusively of aesthetic importance. @entity4096 can lead to permanent or intermittant @entity4 of the lower limbs without @entity32 . When permanent, a large cold leg fits into a suggestive clinical picture non venous causes of @entity4 can be determined with an ultrasound exploration. Postphlebitic reactions are the most frequent causes of large cold lower limbs due to @entity4096 . Poor cutaneous trophism of venous origin includes @entity47851 , @entity2118 , @entity4122 , @entity6506 , sclerodermiform hypodermitis and @entity6008 . @entity3179 are often quite large, painless and chronic. Their prevalence increases with age. @entity3179 are more often secondary to @entity3527 than to varicose veins. The socio-economic impact is great.

title: [ XXXX : clinical aspects].

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity4122 :: ('MESH:D004108', 'Disease') :: ['capillary ectasia']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage of the varicose veins']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['oedema']

entities_list: @entity3179 :: ('MESH:D014647', 'Disease') :: ['Superficial venous ulcers', 'Venous ulcers', 'stasis']

entities_list: @entity6312 :: ('MESH:D014648', 'Disease') :: ['Varicose veins']

entities_list: @entity47851 :: ('MESH:C536612', 'Disease') :: ['dermo-epidermitis']

entities_list: @entity6506 :: ('MESH:C536955', 'Disease') :: ['leukoderma']

entities_list: @entity2118 :: ('MESH:D010859', 'Disease') :: ['pigmented purpura dermitis']

entities_list: @entity4096 :: ('MESH:D014689', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic venous insufficiency', 'chronic venous insufficiency', 'venous insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity3527 :: ('MESH:D010689', 'Disease') :: ['phlebitis']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['orthostatic hypotension']

entities_list: @entity6008 :: ('MESH:D007871', 'Disease') :: ['leg ulcers']

answer: @entity4096 :: (MESH:D014689,Disease) :: ['Chronic venous insufficiency']


abstract: The primary purpose of this study was to examine the extent to which specific @entity1 attitudes and beliefs about medical care and self-care for @entity615 predict future healthcare use. An automated database allowed examination of the predictive relationships in two primary care @entity1 samples. In general, beliefs that physicians should find a definitive cause and permanent cure for @entity615 predicted neither physician visits nor prescription medication fills. @entity1 attitudes endorsing the benefits of medical treatment for @entity615 (as opposed to a permanent cure) predicted the use of these specific healthcare services. In a third sample of primary @entity615 @entity1 , we assessed whether a four-session self-care intervention modified those attitudes and beliefs shown to predict future healthcare use. The group intervention was associated with changes in attitudes about use of physician services but not medication use. A secondary purpose was to examine initial psychometric properties of a proposed @entity615 Self-Care Orientation Scale made up of the original 11 items. Factor analyses of the item set yielded three factors, but inconclusive results; the internal consistency of the identified sub-scales was only moderate. However, findings that a subset of items predicted physician visits and prescriptions medication fills, and was sensitive to change following a self-care intervention, suggest avenues for improving measurement of self-care orientation. These findings help clarify specific @entity1 attitudes and beliefs that are related to healthcare utilization and suggest that a subset of these beliefs can be modified through a brief educational intervention.

title: Prediction of physician visits and prescription medicine use for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity615 :: ('MESH:D001416', 'Disease') :: ['care back pain', 'back pain']

answer: @entity615 :: (MESH:D001416,Disease) :: ['back pain']