abstract: @entity2757 (+) @entity1534 strains have been linked to more severe @entity356 , @entity10189 , and @entity356 in adults, but there have been few studies of @entity2757 in @entity1 . We examined the relationship between @entity1534 @entity2757 status and clinical status in Japanese @entity1 . Forty @entity1534 -positive @entity1 were studied: 15 with @entity4383 , 5 with @entity2275 , and 20 with duodenal @entity1066 . @entity1534 status was confirmed by biopsy-based tests and serum anti-H. @entity1534 immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody. As controls, 77 asymptomatic @entity1 with sera positive for anti-H. @entity1534 IgG were enrolled. Levels of IgG antibodies to @entity2757 in serum were measured by an antigen-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In 16 @entity1 with successful @entity1534 eradication, posttreatment levels of @entity2757 and H. @entity1534 IgG antibodies also were studied. The @entity2757 antibody seropositivities of asymptomatic controls (81.8%) and @entity1 with @entity4383 , @entity2275 , and duodenal @entity1066 (80.0 to 95.0%) were not significantly different. Compared with pretreatment levels of @entity2757 antibodies, posttreatment levels decreased progressively and significantly. We conclude that, as in Japanese adults, a high prevalence of @entity2757 (+) @entity1534 strains was found in Japanese @entity1 , and that there was no association with @entity4383 or @entity10189 . In the assessment of eradicative therapies, monitoring of serum anti- @entity2757 antibodies does not appear to offer any direct benefit over monitoring of anti-H. @entity1534 antibodies.

title: @entity2757 antibodies in Japanese XXXX with @entity4383 or @entity10189 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity10189 :: ('MESH:D010437', 'Disease') :: ['peptic ulcer disease']

entities_list: @entity4383 :: ('MESH:D020518', 'Disease') :: ['nodular gastritis']

entities_list: @entity1534 :: ('210', 'Species') :: ['H. pylori', 'pylori', 'Helicobacter pylori']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer', 'gastric inflammation']

entities_list: @entity2275 :: ('MESH:D013276', 'Disease') :: ['gastric ulcers']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: We assessed sympathovagal balance in @entity2743 . Fourteen @entity1 with Graves' @entity1378 were studied before and after 7 days of treatment with @entity1169 (40 mg 3 times a day) and in the euthyroid state. Data were compared with those obtained in a group of age-, sex-, and weight-matched controls. Autonomic inputs to the heart were assessed by power spectral analysis of heart rate variability. Systemic exposure to sympathetic neurohormones was estimated on the basis of 24-h urinary @entity2922 excretion. The spectral power in the high-frequency domain was considerably reduced in @entity1378 @entity1 , indicating diminished vagal inputs to the heart. Increased heart rate and mid-frequency/high-frequency power ratio in the presence of reduced total spectral power and increased urinary @entity2922 excretion strongly suggest enhanced sympathetic inputs in @entity2743 . All abnormal features of autonomic balance were completely restored to normal in the euthyroid state. beta-Adrenoceptor antagonism reduced heart rate in @entity1378 @entity1 but did not significantly affect heart rate variability or @entity2922 excretion. This is in keeping with the concept of a joint disruption of sympathetic and vagal inputs to the heart underlying changes in heart rate variability. Thus @entity2743 is characterized by profound sympathovagal imbalance, brought about by increased sympathetic activity in the presence of diminished vagal tone.

title: Sympathovagal imbalance in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1169 :: ('MESH:D011433', 'Chemical') :: ['propranolol']

entities_list: @entity2743 :: ('MESH:D006111', 'Disease') :: ['thyrotoxicosis']

entities_list: @entity1378 :: ('MESH:D006980', 'Disease') :: ['hyperthyroidism', 'hyperthyroid']

entities_list: @entity2922 :: ('CHEBI:33567', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamine']

answer: @entity1378 :: (MESH:D006980,Disease) :: ['hyperthyroidism']


abstract: @entity914 with early onset (< or = 10) are very rare; they occur in approx. 0.5-1% of the total number of @entity1 . Long-term research with sufficiently long observation periods may be able to answer the question whether there is a nosological continuity between early-onset @entity161 and @entity914 in adults. We report on the results of a study on 13 @entity1 with onset at the age of 10 years or earlier (7 @entity1 , 6 @entity1 ) with an average duration of illness of 36.1 years (SD = 10.2 years). 3 @entity1 had deceased in the meantime, one @entity1 could not be reached by mail. 9 of the original 13 @entity1 could be examined during the second follow-up by the same interviewer (on the average 27 years after the first follow-up). In 5 @entity1 the onset was acute (less than one week), in 8 @entity1 insidious (more than 4 weeks). Among the 5 @entity1 with acute onset of childhood psychoses the positive PANSS-type (60%) predominated, in the 8 @entity1 with at first barely perceptible beginning, the negative PANSS-type (45%) prevailed. In respect of the diagnostic division into subcategories, we found a remarkably large variability: At the beginning the disorganised type, at the first follow-up the paranoid, and at the second follow-up the @entity2437 and the disorganised type were diagnosed most frequently by 4 independent raters. The evaluation of the whole course shows that the incidence of the paranoid type was most frequent. Clear positive-productive @entity716 occurred very early in our @entity1 , i.e. already at the age of 7 years. On the whole, 77% of the @entity1 showed positive symptoms from the beginning of @entity716 breakdown; more than half of them had @entity1833 from the beginning. This is contrary of the current opinion that childhood-onset @entity161 begins predominantly with negative symptoms. However, at the beginning of insidious courses, negative symptoms prevail. The prognosis for the 8 insidious courses on the whole was unfavourable (only one full remission, one partial remission, the rest poor or very poor remissions). No connection between the total diagnosis (subtype) and the remission grade was seen.

title: [Diagnostic and follow-up typological characteristics of early XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'boys', 'patient', 'girls']

entities_list: @entity914 :: ('MESH:D011618', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenic psychoses', 'Schizophrenic psychoses']

entities_list: @entity1833 :: ('MESH:D006212', 'Disease') :: ['hallucinations']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychotic', 'psychotic symptoms']

entities_list: @entity2437 :: ('MESH:D012560', 'Disease') :: ['catatonic']

answer: @entity161 :: (MESH:D012559,Disease) :: ['schizophrenia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Adjuvant treatment for @entity5 is still controversial. This study reports on overall survival and disease-free survival, @entity137 , downstaging, and surgical morbidity in @entity5 @entity1 who received combined chemoradiation therapy followed by curative surgery. METHODS: Between 1993 and 1998, 51 @entity1 (31 males and 20 females; median age, 60 years; range, 33-73 years) underwent chemoradiation therapy followed by radical surgery for middle and lower @entity420 . Criteria for giving preoperative radiotherapy (total 45 Gy in 25 fractions of 1.8 Gy/day for 5 weeks) and chemotherapy ( @entity1487 350 mg/m2/day and @entity4181 10 mg/m2/day, bolus on days 1-5 and 29-33) were an age younger than 75 years; an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status score of 0 to 2; and clinical preoperative stage II-III. Forty-three low anterior and eight abdominoperineal resections were performed. Median follow-up time was 29 (range, 3-63) months. RESULTS: Although grade 3 to 4 @entity137 occurred in 14 cases (27.4%), all @entity1 completed the planned adjuvant therapy. At pathology, a complete response was found in eight (15.7%) cases. Of the remaining 43 cases, 22 were stage I, 12 were stage II, and 9 were stage III. Five-year actuarial disease-free survival and overall survival rates were 86.4% and 85.5%, respectively. Whereas no local recurrences were found, 4 @entity1 had distant metastases. Three @entity1 died (1 of @entity5 -related causes), 45 are alive and disease free, and 3 are alive with disease. CONCLUSIONS: The combined preoperative chemoradiation approach used by us seems to improve the disease-free survival and overall survival of selected @entity1 with @entity5 . However, a longer follow-up time is required to confirm these preliminary results.

title: Preoperative combined radiotherapy and chemotherapy for middle and lower XXXX : preliminary results.

entities_list: @entity4181 :: ('MESH:D002955', 'Chemical') :: ['leucovorin']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'rectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['rectal adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['5-fluorouracil']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['rectal cancer']


abstract: Having established @entity4090 to be an indicator of disease progression and @entity4089 as an independent predictor of short term prognostication, we have in this report compared plasma @entity4090 with the expression of @entity1722 oncoprotein, ER and PR. @entity1722 oncoprotein, ER and PR are determinants of @entity0 biology. This is a retrospective study of 47 @entity0 @entity1 . When @entity1 were grouped according to the stage of the disease, plasma @entity4090 was higher in @entity1 with advanced disease than those with @entity34 . The @entity1 were sub-grouped according to @entity4090 < 20.0 ng/ml and > 20.0 ng/ml. The expression of @entity1722 , ER and PR did not differ in these two sub-groups. The overall survival differed significantly between the two sub-groups of @entity4090 . The @entity1 were sub-grouped according to @entity1722 positivity or negativity, there was no significant difference in survival. c erb @entity4400 expression did not differ between the three grades of the @entity5 , nodal and receptor positivity or negativity. Hence, the present study reinforces the positive association between @entity4089 and unfavourable prognosis and finds c erb @entity4400 expression as a weak prognosticator in @entity0 @entity1 .

title: Prognostic significance of plasma @entity4090 in XXXX : comparison with the expression of @entity1722 oncoprotein.

entities_list: @entity4089 :: ('MESH:D006966', 'Disease') :: ['hyperprolactinemia']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer', 'advanced breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity34 :: ('MESH:D016609', 'Disease') :: ['stage II disease']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: Several substances with different inhibitory effects on adrenal @entity134 biosynthesis were investigated in @entity1 with @entity699 . It has been shown that @entity16937 , a 3 beta-hydroxysteroid-dehydrogenase inhibitor, is not potent enough to block @entity701 biosynthesis in @entity1 with @entity699 . @entity6239 inhibits side chain cleavage of @entity701 synthesis, but it has been demonstrated that the blocking effect on @entity701 secretion is not strong enough to normalize urinary @entity701 excretion in @entity1 with @entity699 . For @entity4235 , an inhibitor of adrenal 11 beta-hydroxylase, promising results were reported for the treatment of @entity699 . However, the drug has several side effects and depending on the definition of the desired reduction of @entity701 secretion a true remission was only found in a minority of patients. The antifungal drug @entity3102 in vitro predominantly blocks 17,20-desmolase (IC50 1 microM) and to a lesser extent 17 alpha-hydroxylase (IC50 10 microM) and 11 beta-hydroxylase (IC50 15-40 microM). Therefore, @entity3102 in vivo most potently suppresses @entity342 secretion and only to a lesser extent @entity701 biosynthesis. Several therapeutic trials with @entity3102 treatment in @entity1 with pituitary @entity699 showed various remission rates between 30 and 90%. In contrast, in almost all @entity1 with benign, primary @entity699 @entity701 levels were normalized. In @entity1 with ectopic ACTH syndrome @entity3102 was effective in about 50% of all reported cases, while @entity701 hypersecretion due to @entity1636 was only rarely inhibited by @entity3102 . The main side effect of @entity3102 treatment was liver @entity137 which occurred in 12% of all treated @entity1 . In contrast to @entity3102 , the narcotic drug @entity4671 shows a strong inhibitory effect on 11 beta-hydroxylase (IC50 0.03-0.15 microM) but only a weak inhibition of 17,20 desmolase (IC50 380 microM). This correlates with in vivo studies where even low, non-hypnotic doses of @entity4671 induced a pronounced fall in serum @entity701 levels in normals and in @entity1 with @entity699 . However, its clinical use is limited by its mandatory intravenous application and its sedative effects. In conclusion, @entity3102 remains the only available @entity134 -inhibitory drug for a therapeutic trial in @entity1 with @entity699 who cannot be treated definitively by surgery.

title: Therapy of @entity699 with XXXX biosynthesis inhibitors.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4235 :: ('MESH:D008797', 'Chemical') :: ['metyrapone']

entities_list: @entity3102 :: ('MESH:D007654', 'Chemical') :: ['ketoconazole']

entities_list: @entity6239 :: ('MESH:D000616', 'Chemical') :: ['Aminoglutethimide']

entities_list: @entity699 :: ('MESH:D003480', 'Disease') :: ["Cushing's disease", "Cushing's syndrome", 'hypercortisolism', "adrenal Cushing's syndrome"]

entities_list: @entity16937 :: ('MESH:C009954', 'Chemical') :: ['trilostane']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity1636 :: ('MESH:D018268', 'Disease') :: ['adrenocortical carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen']

entities_list: @entity4671 :: ('MESH:D005045', 'Chemical') :: ['etomidate']

answer: @entity134 :: (CHEBI:35341,Chemical) :: ['steroid']


abstract: We tested the hypothesis that intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration of leptin would increase @entity551 ( @entity551 ) in ad libitum (AL) fed and @entity1949 ( @entity1949 ) normotensive @entity35 . Male @entity35 were chronically instrumented with a guide cannula directed at the lateral ventricle and a carotid arterial catheter. Following recovery from surgery, the @entity551 and heart rate (HR) response to i.c.v. administration of vehicle (5 microl saline over 1 min) or leptin (0.3 microg or 3.0 microg in 5 microl saline) were determined in conscious, unrestrained AL fed (n=7-10) and 48-h @entity1949 (n=5-10) @entity35 . Food deprivation significantly reduced @entity551 (AL=116+/-3; @entity1949 =104+/-3 mmHg; P < 0.01) without altering HR. In AL @entity35 , high dose leptin (3.0 microg, i.c.v.) produced a significant increase in @entity551 when maximal responses were evaluated (9+/-2 mmHg; P < 0.05), but did not significantly alter @entity551 and HR over time during the 90 min measurement period. In @entity1949 @entity35 , low dose leptin (0.3 microg, i.c.v.) produced significant elevations in @entity551 (7+/-3 mmHg) after a latency of 60 min, while high dose leptin (3.0 microg, i.c.v.) produced an increase in @entity551 within the first 10 min (10+/-3 mmHg) followed by an additional increase 1 h after injection (6+/-2 mmHg). Leptin administration also produced delayed increases in HR in @entity1949 @entity35 (0.3 microg, 34+/-5 b.p.m.; 3.0 microg, 57+/-10 b.p.m). These results indicate that leptin may modulate cardiovascular function through central mechanisms and may do so to a greater extent in @entity1949 animals.

title: Effects of central leptin administration on blood pressure in normotensive XXXX .

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague-Dawley rats', 'rats']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['MAP', 'mean arterial pressure']

entities_list: @entity1949 :: ('MESH:D012892', 'Disease') :: ['FD', 'food deprived']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Obesity leads to significant morbidity and mortality. @entity8425 ( @entity8425 ) and auricular acupressure (AA) are alternative treatments for @entity353 , however there is no study of the combined treatments. OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy of the combined treatment of @entity8425 and AA, compared with AA alone. MATERIAL AND METHOD: A prospective randomized clinical trial was conducted in 40 @entity28 @entity1 , aged 21-60 years, 20 were randomly assigned to receive either @entity8425 +AA or AA for 8 weeks. @entity8425 was performed using electrodes attached to the 10 acupuncture points and were electrically stimulated with 0.2 ms pulses, at 40 Hz for 30 minutes per session. AA was performed using magnetic pellets attached to 3 auricular acupoints on each side. Self-pressure on the magnetic pellets 10 times per session, 3 sessions a day was assigned. Anthropometric parameters were obtained at the beginning and the end of the present study. RESULTS: Sixteen in the @entity8425 +AA and 13 in the AA group completed the present study. Weight and BMI were significantly decreased in @entity8425 +AA group compared to the AA group (1.91 vs. 0.42 kg and 0.76 vs. 0.18 kg/m2, respectively). After adjustment of the covariance, the treatment protocol was the only variance which had significant effect for @entity353 (F = 4.62; p = 0.04). CONCLUSION: The combined treatment of AA and @entity8425 achieved higher @entity353 than the single treatment of AA in @entity28 @entity1 during an 8 week period.

title: Efficacy of auricular acupressure combined with transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation for XXXX in @entity28 @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity8425 :: ('MESH:D004556', 'Disease') :: ['Transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation', 'TEAS']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight reduction']

answer: @entity353 :: (MESH:D015431,Disease) :: ['weight reduction']


abstract: AIMS: We investigated the relationship between predominant subtype, according to the International Association for the Study of @entity2 /American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society International Multidisciplinary Lung Adenocarcinoma Classification, and prognosis in @entity2 in @entity5 Hospital. METHODS: Two hundred and sixty-one @entity1 with @entity2 , operated in @entity5 Hospital, were identified between 2000 and 2010. Survival curves were plotted using the Kaplan-Meier method. The Cox proportional hazard model was used for multivariate analysis. RESULTS: None of the cases were @entity420 in situ and six were minimally invasive @entity420 . Two hundred and fifty-five cases were invasive @entity420 . Of those, 80, 76, 42, 34, 19, and 4 were papillary predominant, acinar predominant, micropapillary predominant, solid predominant, lepidic predominant subtypes, and variants of invasive @entity420 , respectively. @entity1 with @entity5 had a significantly worse disease-free survival as compared to those with other subtypes predominant @entity5 (p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis revealed that the new classification was an independent predictor of the disease-free and overall survival (p = 0.002 and 0.015). CONCLUSION: The predominant subtype in the primary @entity5 was associated with prognosis in resected @entity2 .

title: Prognostic value of the IASLC/ATS/ERS classification in @entity2 XXXX --based on a hospital study in China.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Zhejiang Cancer', 'micropapillary and solid predominant tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['stage I lung adenocarcinoma', 'Lung Cancer']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinomas', 'adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe the computed tomography (CT) appearances of @entity6184 in @entity2883 ( @entity2883 ) and to assess the additional value of reformatted images. @entity1 AND METHODS: Ten @entity1 with tracheal involvement by @entity2883 were assessed with spiral CT and both coronal and three-dimensional surface shaded images were generated. Fibreoptic bronchoscopy was also performed in all @entity1 . RESULTS: Ninety per cent of lesions were situated in the subglottic region. In all cases there was circumferential mucosal thickening, in nine cases extending over a relatively short distance (mean 2.4 cm). The degree of narrowing of the axial luminal diameter ranged from 23% to 100%. In three @entity1 there was contiguous involvement of the vocal cords evident on CT, two further cases with mild @entity4685 were identified bronchoscopically. Other CT findings included @entity33 and @entity1066 (50%), and involvement of the tracheal cartilages (20%). CONCLUSION: @entity2883 may involve the @entity825 with resultant stenosis. Spiral CT is an easily performed, non-invasive technique which provides accurate assessment of tracheal lesions and is complementary to bronchoscopy. The main additional advantage of coronal reformatted images was our added confidence in defining the upper and lower limits of lesions and in the evaluation of vocal cord involvement.

title: Tracheal involvement in XXXX : evaluation using spiral CT.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulceration']

entities_list: @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['mucosal irregularity']

entities_list: @entity6184 :: ('MESH:D014135', 'Disease') :: ['tracheal stenosis']

entities_list: @entity2883 :: ('MESH:D014890', 'Disease') :: ['WG', "Wegener's granulomatosis"]

entities_list: @entity4685 :: ('MESH:D009187', 'Disease') :: ['vocal cord inflammation']

answer: @entity2883 :: (MESH:D014890,Disease) :: ['Wegener's granulomatosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVES AND BACKGROUND: @entity2401 is caused by various agents and autoimmune processes. It is unknown whether viral genome persistence represents inactive remnants of previous infections or whether it is attributed to ongoing adverse processes. The latter also applies to the course of @entity2401 . One principal candidate for an adverse remodeling is nuclear factor-kappaB ( @entity2451 ). METHODS: A total of 93 @entity1 with suspected @entity2401 / @entity296 was examined. Hemodynamics were assessed by echocardiography as well as right and left heart catheterization. Endomyocardial biopsies were taken from the left ventricle. Biopsies were examined by immunohistochemistry and PCR for viral genomes. Selective immunostaining of activated @entity2451 was performed. RESULTS: @entity2451 was increased in @entity1 with @entity2401 when compared with controls (11.1+/-7.1% vs. 5.0+/-5.3%, P<0.005) whereas @entity384 showed no significant increase. @entity1 with @entity2401 and preserved left ventricular function exhibited increased activated @entity2451 when compared with reduced function (r2=0.72, P<0.001). In parallel, inverse correlation of @entity2451 and left ventricular enddiasstolic volume was found (r2=0.43, P<0.02). Increased activated @entity2451 was found in adenovirus persistence when compared with controls (P=0.001). Only a trend of increased @entity2451 activation was seen in @entity2803 persistence. @entity8344 persistence did not affect @entity2451 activation. CONCLUSIONS: Increased activation of @entity2451 is related to inflammatory processes in @entity2401 . Since activated @entity2451 correlates with left ventricular function, it could be assumed that @entity2451 activation occurs at early stages of @entity32 . Potentially, @entity2451 could inhibit loss of cardiomyocytes by apoptosis and protect from @entity384 . Since @entity2451 is a crucial key transcription factor of @entity32 , its prognostic and future therapeutic relevance should be addressed.

title: Activated nuclear transcription factor kappaB in @entity1 with @entity2401 and @entity384 --relation to XXXX and cardiac function.

entities_list: @entity2803 :: ('MESH:D003586', 'Disease') :: ['cytomegalovirus']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac dilation', 'dilated cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity2401 :: ('MESH:D009205', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune myocarditis', 'myocarditis', 'Myocarditis']

answer: @entity32 :: (MESH:D007249,Disease) :: ['inflammation']


abstract: The relationship between the occurrence of @entity0 and dietary intake, in particular a high-fat diet, has attracted much attention in recent years. In addition, the prognosis of @entity0 @entity1 on the basis of dietary intake is also an interesting subject. The present study utilized @entity0 @entity1 whose dietary intake was carefully assessed about one decade previously in a case-control study to determine whether dietary intake was indeed related to the @entity1 ' prognosis. The study included 212 @entity1 who underwent a surgical operation between 1975 and 1978. They were followed-up until 1987, and a total of 47 @entity0 deaths were certified. The 5- and 10-year relative survival rates were 78.5% and 75.3%, respectively. The older @entity1 tended to ingest smaller amounts of all nutrients, except animal fat from fish. Height was significantly correlated with total animal protein intake, whereas there was no significant correlation between body mass index and intake of any nutrient. Although the age-adjusted mean values of the nutrient intakes, other than vegetable fat, decreased with advancing stage, the differences were statistically insignificant. The results of multivariate analyses, in which some confounding factors (e.g., clinical stage) were adjusted using a proportional hazards model, showed that all hazards ratios in each nutrient were close to unity, and no dose-response relationship was seen. The present investigation did not provide any support for the hypothesis that a high-fat diet is a survival determinant for @entity0 @entity1 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Diet and prognosis of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: Our objectives were to assess the efficacy and @entity137 of @entity136 plus @entity900 as first-line therapy in @entity0 ( @entity0 ). @entity1 with stage IV @entity0 and no prior chemotherapy for metastatic disease were treated with @entity136 1200 mg/m on days 1 and 8, and @entity900 75 mg/m on day 1 every 21 days. Up to 6 cycles were given. A total of 46 @entity1 with a median age of 49 years (range 24-77) and Karnofsky performance status of 80 or above were enrolled. In total, 238 cycles were administered. Of the 42 @entity1 evaluable for response, seven (17%) achieved a complete response and 27 (64%) a partial response, for an overall response rate of 81% [95% confidence interval (CI) 69-93%]. Median time to progression was 14.9 months (95% CI 0-30.2 months). Median duration of response was 24.2 months (95% CI 11.2-37.3 months). The median survival was 27.9 months (95% CI 23.1-32.7 months), and the 1- and 2-year survival probabilities were 71.4 and 61.4%, respectively. All @entity1 were evaluable for @entity137 , and grade 3/4 WHO @entity137 included @entity1398 (41.3%), @entity417 (8.7%), @entity882 (8.7%), @entity1665 (26.1%) and @entity390 / @entity391 (32.6%). We conclude that @entity136 plus @entity900 is a highly effective and safe first-line treatment for @entity1 with @entity0 . The time to progression of 14.9 months compares favorably with other standard treatments ( @entity8253 , @entity6023 ). A randomized study is required to further investigate the role of this combination as first-line treatment for @entity0 .

title: Phase II study of @entity136 plus XXXX in @entity0 .

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic breast cancer', 'MBC']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity8253 :: ('MESH:D018943', 'Chemical') :: ['anthracyclines']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['gemcitabine']

answer: @entity900 :: (MESH:D002945,Chemical) :: ['cisplatin']


abstract: The treatment of mild and moderate @entity174 of the orbital wall is controversial. Apart from clinical signs, the size of the defect is often used to aid the decision about treatment. We hypothesised that variables would be present that had an impact on the position and motility of the globe but were independent of the size of the defect, and prevented a balanced judgement of the outcome of conservative treatment. Between January 2000 and December 2007, 48 of 127 @entity1 were included in this retrospective study to analyse the functional outcome of @entity8924 managed without operation. Selection was dependent on the availability of complete clinical records, post-traumatic computed tomographic (CT) scans (axial and coronal sections) and ophthalmic examination. All 48 defects were analysed and allocated to categories of a semiquantitative classification. The area of @entity174 of each defect was calculated with an integral calculus or geometrical formula and correlated with the associated category. Category A included all orbital walls as a single unit (A1) and combined @entity174 patterns (A2 and higher). Category B described isolated @entity174 of the medial wall. There was a significant correlation between classes A1 and A2 (p<0.01) and absolute area of the @entity174 (0.98 (0.4)cm(2) and 2.42 (0.8)cm(2)). @entity892 was most often seen in @entity174 in category B1 (the anterior third of the medial wall) and the post-traumatic position of the globe significantly correlated with the area of the @entity174 (p=0.04). The degree of @entity892 was less severe in @entity174 of the posterior portion of the orbit (zones 2 and 3) compared with @entity174 of the anterior orbit, even if the defect was larger. The conservative management of category @entity51271 @entity174 up to 2.42 (3.15)cm(2) showed no functional impairment, provided that @entity9577 was less than 2mm and there was no entrapment of periorbital tissue or extraocular muscles. We found good correlation between enopthalmos and the size of the @entity174 , but not for @entity892 or motility of the eye. We conclude that conservative management of an @entity8924 in which the defect is less than 3cm(2) has a low risk of permanent functional damage if @entity9577 is less than 2mm and entrapment of soft tissue or muscles is excluded.

title: Functional outcome after non-surgical management of XXXX --the bias of decision-making according to size of defect: critical review of 48 @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'fracture']

entities_list: @entity9577 :: ('MESH:D015841', 'Disease') :: ['enophthalmos']

entities_list: @entity8924 :: ('MESH:D009917', 'Disease') :: ['orbital fractures', 'orbital fracture']

entities_list: @entity892 :: ('MESH:D004172', 'Disease') :: ['Diplopia', 'diplopia']

answer: @entity8924 :: (MESH:D009917,Disease) :: ['orbital fractures']


abstract: The @entity24089 dehydrogenase (CAD) is a key enzyme in lignin biosynthesis as it catalyzes the final step in the synthesis of @entity39121 . A cDNA sequence encoding the CAD gene was isolated from the leaves of @entity4044 , designated as GbCAD1. The full-length cDNA of GbCAD1 was 1,494 bp containing a 1,074 bp open reading frame encoding a polypeptide of 357 @entity1522 with a calculated molecular mass of 38.7 kDa and an isoelectric point of 5.74. Comparative and bioinformatic analyses revealed that GbCAD1 showed extensive homology with CADs from other gymnosperm species. Southern blot analysis indicated that GbCAD1 belonged to a multi-gene family. Phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that GbCAD1 shared the same ancestor in evolution with other CADs and had a further relationship with other gymnosperm species. GbCAD1 was an enzyme being pH-dependent and temperature-sensitive, and showing a selected catalyzing. Tissue expression pattern analysis showed that GbCAD1 was constitutively expressed in stems and roots, especially in the parts of the pest and @entity281 , with the lower expression being found in two- to four-year-old stem. Further analysis showed the change in lignin content had some linear correlation with the expression level of GbCAD1 mRNA in different tissues. The increased expression of GbCAD1 was detected when the seedling were treated with exogenous @entity2271 , @entity3785 , @entity8230 , ultraviolet and wounding. These results indicate that the GbCAD1 gene may play a role in the resistance mechanism to biotic and abiotic stresses as well as in tissue-specific developmental lignification.

title: Expression patterns of a @entity24089 dehydrogenase gene involved in lignin biosynthesis and environmental stress in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity2271 :: ('MESH:D000040', 'Chemical') :: ['abscisic acid']

entities_list: @entity3785 :: ('MESH:D020156', 'Chemical') :: ['salicylic acid']

entities_list: @entity8230 :: ('MESH:C005073', 'Chemical') :: ['ethephon']

entities_list: @entity24089 :: ('MESH:C020722', 'Chemical') :: ['cinnamyl alcohol']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['disease infection']

entities_list: @entity4044 :: ('3311', 'Species') :: ['Ginkgo biloba L']

entities_list: @entity39121 :: ('CHEBI:64477', 'Chemical') :: ['monolignols']

answer: @entity4044 :: (3311,Species) :: ['Ginkgo biloba']


abstract: @entity1 with @entity1494 were studied, and three clinical groups were defined: those with @entity706 localized in the bladder, @entity706 presenting in the bladder as the first sign of disseminated disease ( @entity706 ), and recurrent bladder involvement by @entity706 in @entity1 with a history of @entity706 ( @entity706 ). The differences in these groups regarding @entity706 type, clinical presentation, and clinical outcome were studied. Mayo Clinic Tissue Registry records from 1940 to 1996 were searched to identify @entity1 with @entity706 involving the bladder. The @entity706 were classified based on review of the histology and immunophenotype performed by immunoperoxidase methods. Clinical records were reviewed. Presenting symptoms included urinary frequency, @entity3833 , @entity811 , and lower @entity615 . @entity706 was present in six @entity1 . All were B-cell lineage low-grade @entity706 of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) type. No @entity1 had recurrent @entity706 or died of @entity706 . Nonlocalized @entity1494 occurred in 17 @entity1 ; one with @entity1893 of the MALT type, four with follicle center @entity706 , and 12 with large cell @entity706 . Excluding two @entity1 who died postoperatively, median survival was 9 years. Six @entity1 died of @entity706 in the follow-up period. Secondary @entity1494 occurred in 13 @entity1 : two with @entity1893 of the MALT type, one with follicle @entity706 , one with @entity1073 , and nine with diffuse large cell @entity706 . Median survival in this group was 0.6 years. @entity1893 of the MALT type was the most frequent type of primary @entity1494 and was associated with an excellent prognosis. The bladder can be the presenting site of @entity1669 in @entity1 with more @entity66 . Survival in this group is quite favorable and is presumably dependent on @entity706 histologic type, stage of disease, and other prognostic factors. Bladder involvement by recurrent @entity706 is a sign of widely disseminated disease and is associated with a very poor prognosis.

title: XXXX : evidence from 36 cases that @entity1893 of the MALT-type is the most common primary @entity1494 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['widespread disease']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma', 'secondary lymphoma', 'nonlocalized lymphoma', 'lymphomas', 'primary lymphoma', 'center lymphoma', 'Primary lymphoma', 'malignant lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bladder lymphoma', 'malignant lymphoma of the bladder']

entities_list: @entity1669 :: ('MESH:D013967', 'Disease') :: ['lymphomatous involvement']

entities_list: @entity615 :: ('MESH:D001416', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal and back pain']

entities_list: @entity1073 :: ('MESH:D020522', 'Disease') :: ['mantle cell lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ['low-grade lymphoma', 'Low-grade lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity811 :: ('MESH:D006417', 'Disease') :: ['hematuria']

answer: @entity1494 :: (MESH:D001745,Disease) :: ['Malignant lymphoma of the bladder']


abstract: Noise-induced @entity393 (NHIL) is a significant source of @entity393 in industrialized countries. Recent research on the cellular bases of NIHL has led to new avenues for protection through prophylactic drugs. Although in experimental animal models several compounds have shown a protective effect in NIHL, limited data are available in @entity1 . Many authors are focusing their attention on the role of antioxidant on hearing protection. @entity12837 (ALA), an essential cofactor in mitochondrial enzymes, is a novel biological antioxidant and a potent free radical scavenger and, in animal models, it has been shown to protect from age-induced and @entity900 -induced @entity393 . The aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of @entity12837 on temporary threshold shift measured 2 minutes after the end of exposure (TTS(2)) induced by a 3 kHz tone in young normally hearing subjects. Thirty young normal hearing volunteers served as control subjects. Individuals were randomly assigned to three groups. Group A (10 subjects) subjects were exposed to a 90 dB HL 3 kHz pure tone for 10 min. Group B (10 subjects) subjects were exposed to a 90 dB HL 3 kHz pure tone one hour after oral ingestion of 600 mg of ALA. Group C (10 subjects) were exposed to a 90 dB HL 3 kHz pure tone after 10 days of oral ingestion of 600 mg of ALA. Statistical analysis showed that prior to the exposure the hearing thresholds did not differ significantly among the three groups. TTS(2) of group C was significantly lower that @entity13191 of Groups A and B at 6 kHz (p 0.03), and TEOAEs amplitude change after noise exposure was lower for group C compared to Groups A (p = 0.089) and B (p = 0.03). ALA is a powerful lipophilic antioxidant and free radical scavenger currently used in clinical practice. A single dose of 600 mg of dose ALA did not induce any protection on the TTS(2) induced by a 90 dB HL 3 kHz tone, while 10 days of therapeutic dosage assumption of ALA was associated with significant protection at 6 kHz. The results of this study show that a short course of ALA protects from TTS(2) in @entity1 , and therefore further studies are needed to better define the role of ALA in the prevention of noise induced @entity393 .

title: The effect of @entity12837 on temporary threshold shift in XXXX : a preliminary study.

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity12837 :: ('MESH:D008063', 'Chemical') :: ['Alpha-lipoic acid', 'alpha-lipoic acid']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing loss']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['humans']


abstract: Ultrastructural development of the stomach was studied by light, scanning electron and transmission electron microscopy, using 19 @entity1 embryos at Carnegie stages from 14 to 23 (6.8-28.0 mm in crown-rump length, 5 to 8 weeks of gestation). The precise time of appearance of differentiated characteristic structures was examined electron microscopically. The first gastric pit, with radially arranged epithelial cells beneath which the basement membrane bulged into the mesenchyme, was observed on the lesser curvature at stage 22. Although the @entity361 which would develop into the inner circular muscle layer appeared at stage 18 onward, cytoplasmic myofibrils were not observed until stage 22. Nerve fibers were first observed at stage 16, and at later stages they gathered into bundles to form a nerve plexus external to the developing inner circular muscle layer. On the basis of accurate timing of the appearance and the mode of development of these structures, possible relations between developing gastric layers were discussed. Histocytochemically, glycogen or other @entity3363 were demonstrated in the cytoplasm of the gastric epithelium throughout the stages examined. These @entity3363 were localized mainly in vacuole-like spaces in the basal part of the epithelial cells. This subcellular localization, and the amount of @entity1735 , did not change significantly during the observed embryonic period. In the serosa, @entity3363 were not detected at stages 14 and 15, but observed consistently within the vacuoles in the cytoplasm from stage 17 onward. No other layer of the embryonic stomach had detectable @entity3363 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Ultrastructure of the developing stomach in XXXX embryos.

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity3363 :: ('MESH:D002241', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrates']

entities_list: @entity361 :: ('MESH:C535700', 'Disease') :: ['mesenchymal condensation']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine the @entity5745 during mechanical ventilation with: (i) four different humidification chambers; (ii) two airway temperature probe ( @entity855 ) positions; (iii) five different humidicrib temperatures; and (iv) insulating the inspiratory limb with bubble wrap. METHODOLOGY: An observational study in the Neonatal Laboratory and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Westmead Hospital. The humidity of the inspired gas was measured at the proximal end of the endotracheal tube (ETT) during mechanical ventilation. Inspired humidity measurements were made with four different humidification chambers (Fisher _ Paykel (F_P Healthcare Pty Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand) auto refill MR290. F_P manual refill MR310, Suruga (Suruga Inc. Humidifiers, Vincent Medical, Dongguan, China) manual refill MI-20 and MI-10F) with the humidity control (relative humidity setting) set at - 2. Measurements were made with the @entity855 positioned either; (A) at the distal end of the inspiratory tube inside the humidicrib or (B) outside the humidicrib 50 cm proximal to the ETT. The inspired gas temperatures were set at 36.5 degrees C and at 39.0 degrees C, respectively. For each of the different humidification chambers and @entity855 positions, inspired humidity measurements were made with the humidicrib temperature set at 30.8, 32.9, 35.2, 36.2, or 37.2 degrees C. Two further sets of measurements were made, one with the inspiratory limb insulated with bubble wrap and the second set without bubble wrap. RESULTS: There were significant differences in inspired humidity with the four humidification chambers at both @entity855 positions at all humidicrib temperatures. Both Suruga humidification chambers produced significantly higher inspired gas humidities under most conditions. Positioning the @entity855 outside the humidicrib produced significantly higher inspired gas humidities than with the @entity855 inside the humidicrib. Insulating the inspiratory tubing with bubble wrap also significantly improved the @entity5745 . CONCLUSIONS: Significant differences in @entity5745 were found with the humidification chambers tested. The position of the @entity855 and the set temperature had a significant impact on the absolute humidity of the inspired gas. In general, higher inspired gas humidities were obtained with the @entity855 outside the humidicrib. However, condensation of water close to the ETT appeared at low humidicrib temperatures (< 36.2 degrees C) with the @entity855 outside the humidicrib and extreme care should be taken that particulate water does not enter the lungs under these conditions.

title: XXXX during mechanical ventilation: effects of humidification chamber, airway temperature probe position and environmental conditions.

entities_list: @entity5745 :: ('MESH:D011007', 'Disease') :: ['inspired gas humidity']

answer: @entity5745 :: (MESH:D011007,Disease) :: ['Inspired gas humidity']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Overeating and @entity28 are major health problems in developed countries. Caloric restriction (CR) can counteract the deleterious aspects of @entity28 -related diseases and prolong lifespan. We have demonstrated that short-term CR improves @entity741 tolerance and increases adiponectin levels. Here, we investigated the specific role of adiponectin in CR-induced cardioprotection. METHODS AND RESULTS: Adiponectin antisense transgenic (Ad-AS) @entity19 and @entity164 ( @entity164 ) @entity19 were randomly assigned to a group fed ad libitum and a CR group (90% of caloric intake of ad libitum for 3 weeks, then 65% for 2 weeks). Isolated perfused @entity19 hearts were subjected to 25 minutes of @entity63 , followed by 60 minutes of reperfusion. CR increased serum adiponectin levels by 84% in @entity164 @entity19 . Gel filtration analysis of the oligomeric complex distribution showed that CR produced a marked increase in the high-molecular-weight complex of adiponectin in @entity164 @entity19 ; in contrast, CR did not change serum adiponectin levels or their oligomeric pattern in Ad-AS @entity19 . CR improved the recovery of left ventricular function after @entity63 /reperfusion and limited @entity1188 size in @entity164 @entity19 ; these effects were completely abrogated in Ad-AS @entity19 . CR also increased the phosphorylated form of @entity860 -activated protein kinase and @entity6625 carboxylase in @entity164 but not in Ad-AS @entity19 . Recombinant adiponectin restored CR-induced cardioprotection in Ad-AS @entity19 , and inhibition of @entity860 -activated protein kinase phosphorylation completely abrogated CR-induced cardioprotection in @entity164 @entity19 . CONCLUSIONS: The cardioprotective effects of short-term CR are mediated by increased production of adiponectin and the associated activation of @entity860 -activated protein kinase.

title: Cardioprotective effects of short-term caloric restriction are mediated by adiponectin via activation of XXXX -activated protein kinase.

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial ischemic']

entities_list: @entity6625 :: ('MESH:D000105', 'Chemical') :: ['acetyl-CoA']

answer: @entity860 :: (MESH:D000249,Chemical) :: ['AMP']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To estimate the efficacy of side airbags in preventing @entity204 in passenger vehicles struck on the driver side. METHODS: Risk ratios for @entity204 per @entity10584 were computed for side airbag-equipped cars and SUVs, relative to vehicles without side airbags. @entity3329 ratios also were calculated for the same vehicles in front and rear impacts, and these were used to adjust the side crash risk ratios for differences in fatality risk unrelated to side airbags. Risk ratios were calculated separately for side airbags providing torso-only protection and side airbags with head protection; almost all head protecting airbags also had airbags protecting the torso. RESULTS: Car driver death risk in driver-side crashes was reduced by 37 percent for head protecting airbags and 26 percent for torso-only side airbags. Car driver death risk was reduced for older and younger drivers, males and females, and drivers of small and midsize cars, and when the striking vehicle was an SUV/pickup or a car/minivan. Death risk for drivers of SUVs was reduced by 52 percent with head protecting side airbags and by 30 percent with torso-only airbags. The effectiveness of side airbags could not be assessed for pickups and minivans due to the small number of these vehicles with airbags involved in crashes. CONCLUSION: Side airbags substantially reduce the risk of car and SUV driver death in @entity10584 . Making side airbags with head protection available to drivers and right front passengers in all passenger vehicles could reduce the number of fatalities in motor vehicle crashes in the United States by about 2,000 each year.

title: Efficacy of side airbags in reducing XXXX in driver-side car and SUV collisions.

entities_list: @entity3329 :: ('MESH:D008206', 'Disease') :: ['Driver fatality']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['driver deaths']

entities_list: @entity10584 :: ('MESH:C537001', 'Disease') :: ['driver-side collision', 'driver-side collisions']

answer: @entity204 :: (MESH:D003643,Disease) :: ['driver deaths']


abstract: The role of @entity715 in the pathogenesis of @entity1459 has been demonstrated experimentally. This retrospective study was designed to identify the potential usefulness of fibrinolytic treatment in this situation. The following parameters were evaluated in 74 @entity1 (62 @entity1 , 12 @entity1 ; mean age: 60 +/- 10.2) with primary @entity1459 : the course of @entity1459 (Braunwald classification), risk factors, electrocardiographic changes, echocardiographic segmental kinetics, coronary arteriography findings, treatment used and outcome with a minimum follow-up of 3 months (mean: 6.3 months). Thirty nine per cent of class I @entity1 and 18% of classes II and III were stabilised by medical treatment only. This accounted for 18 @entity1 in our series (24%). The other @entity1 (76%) required one or more reperfusion techniques (thrombolysis: 5 @entity1 ; angioplasty: 42; bypass: 19). Serious complications were seen in 3 @entity1 : @entity583 : 2 postoperative (including one fatal) and 1 occurring 24 hours after angioplasty followed by @entity1455 and @entity204 . Five @entity1 required thrombolytic treatment leading to clinical stabilisation enabling an additional procedure (angioplasty or bypass). No complications of thrombolytic treatment were seen. Thus thrombolytic treatment appears to be useful for the stabilisation of @entity1459 and enables subsequent radical treatment under better conditions.

title: [Course of XXXX and therapeutic implications. Apropos of 74 cases].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity1459 :: ('MESH:D000789', 'Disease') :: ['unstable angina']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity1455 :: ('MESH:D012770', 'Disease') :: ['cardiogenic shock']

answer: @entity1459 :: (MESH:D000789,Disease) :: ['unstable angina']


abstract: Effect of @entity35 alpha-calcitonin gene-related peptide (alpha-CGRP) microinjected into various hypothalamic nuclei on plasma levels of @entity2661 and arterial blood pressure were investigated in @entity4774 -anesthetized @entity35 . @entity48313 (0.05 and 0.25 nmol) microinjected into the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) increased the plasma level of @entity1063 (NA), but not that of @entity1425 (AD), in a dose-dependent manner. A similar increase in plasma level of NA was also observed by alpha-CGRP (0.05 nmol) microinjected into the preoptic area (POA), @entity1347 ( @entity1347 ), dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH) and ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH). A significant @entity101 was observed by microinjection of alpha-CGRP (0.05 nmol) into the PVN, POA, @entity1347 and @entity18399 , and the most prominent increase was caused by its microinjection into the PVN. Microinjection of the same dose of this peptide into the VMH, lateral hypothalamic area and posterior hypothalamus was without effect. The increase in plasma level of NA induced by alpha-CGRP (0.05 nmol) into the PVN was not affected by bilateral adrenalectomy. Electrical stimulation of the PVN elicited increases in plasma levels of both NA and AD. This increase in NA was abolished by chemical sympathectomy with @entity2955 (50 mg/kg, i.v., 3 days before experiments). These results suggest that activation of the PVN by electrical stimulation elicits both sympathetic and adrenomedullary outflow. alpha-CGRP microinjected into the PVN selectively activates the sympathetic outflow.

title: Microinjection of alpha-calcitonin gene-related peptide into the hypothalamus activates sympathetic outflow in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['increase in arterial blood pressure']

entities_list: @entity1425 :: ('MESH:D004837', 'Chemical') :: ['adrenaline']

entities_list: @entity4774 :: ('MESH:D014520', 'Chemical') :: ['urethane']

entities_list: @entity1347 :: ('MESH:C537775', 'Disease') :: ['AH', 'anterior hypothalamus']

entities_list: @entity2955 :: ('MESH:D016627', 'Chemical') :: ['6-hydroxydopamine']

entities_list: @entity2661 :: ('MESH:D002395', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamines']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['noradrenaline']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity205 ( @entity870 ) is an essential posttransplantation immunosuppressive drug. It may cause hepatotoxicity, mostly @entity1448 , by unknown mechanism. @entity870 causes nephrotoxicity mainly by increased vascular resistance. We investigated the effects of @entity870 on the peribiliary capillary plexus, in an isolated, dually perfused (i.e., via the hepatic artery and the portal vein) @entity35 liver preparation. METHODS: After 30 min of stabilization with optimal flow (4 ml/min/g liver), four liver groups were perfused (control, n=5 each) and four groups were hypoperfused (n=5 each, 1 ml/min/g) for 120 min. This was followed by a 30-min optimal reperfusion phase, during which the controls and the hypoperfused groups were injected (60 sec) via the hepatic artery with @entity870 at high (3 mg/kg body weight in 1 ml) or low dose (0.03 mg/kg), cremophore (130 mg/kg), or saline (1 ml). A ninth group (n=5) underwent 2-hr @entity63 and 30-min reperfusion to standardize @entity409 . Dark nonradioactive microspheres (approximately 10 microm diameter) were injected via the hepatic artery 15 min after drug or saline injection. RESULTS: Neither of the two @entity870 doses, nor cremophore controls, nor hypoperfusion alone caused entrapment of microspheres in the peribiliary circulation as assessed by light microscopy; perfusion pressures and resistances were also not altered. Significant arteriolar impaction and vasculature engorgement occurred in the hypoperfused plus high-dose @entity870 livers; hypoperfusion plus low-dose @entity870 or cremophore groups were minimally tainted. Vascular notable obstruction was associated with 15-40% increase in portal and arterial perfusion pressures and resistances, 50% decrease in @entity26 extraction, and increase in @entity880 / @entity2388 ratio, @entity16 , and wet-to-dry weight ratio. Such findings were superior to those detected in the ischemic livers. CONCLUSIONS: Acute single high-dose @entity870 injection, but not low-dose or cremophore, if combined with decreased flow, alters hepatic microcirculatory resistance. Possible correlations between such changes and clinical implications in organ transplantation are discussed.

title: Cumulative damaging effect of liver hypoperfusion and @entity205 a on the peribiliary capillary plexus: a study in an isolated dually perfused XXXX model.

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver damage']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['hepatocellular damage']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['Cyclosporine']

entities_list: @entity1448 :: ('MESH:D002779', 'Disease') :: ['cholestasis']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity2388 :: ('MESH:D019289', 'Chemical') :: ['pyruvate']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: @entity1 suffering from @entity703 , treated at the Department of Urology in Hradec Kr  lov  , have been systematically followed up since 1962. In the present study we evaluated a group of @entity1 treated from the year 1985 till 1991. The group consisted of 365 @entity1 with @entity703 . In 55 (15%) of them invasion into the renal vein or into the vena cava inferior was found (in 43 @entity1 and 12 @entity1 ). In 38 @entity1 the @entity5 with @entity715 in the vena cava inferior was on the right side, in 17 the @entity5 of the left kidney was removed. The proportion of the right side to the left was 2.2:1. The surgical treatment of @entity5 @entity715 depends on the upper border line of the @entity5 @entity715 . The @entity5 @entity715 in the subhepatic segment of the vena cava inferior can be treated by its massaging into the renal vein after the obliteration of the artery or by the parietal resection of the vena cava inferior. The resection of the vena cava inferior was performed in 32 @entity1 . In 5 @entity1 the @entity5 invasion could not be treated because of extensive @entity3 (into the liver and the lung) or there was a @entity5 parietal infiltration of the vena cava inferior. Evaluating the whole group after 30 years inclusive of the @entity31716  til's set made with our cooperation, there were 1,005 @entity1 suffering from @entity703 , operated on at the Department of Urology in Hradec Kr  lov  . In 155 (15.4%) @entity5 thrombi were surgically removed from the great veins. In 38 cases there was a demarcation of @entity5 thrombi to the renal vein but in 117 the @entity715 penetrated into the vena cava inferior.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Tumorous XXXX of the vena cava inferior--experience with surgical treatment.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour', 'tumorous']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombus', 'thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity703 :: ('MESH:D007680', 'Disease') :: ['renal carcinoma', 'renal tumours']

answer: @entity715 :: (MESH:D013927,Disease) :: ['thrombosis']


abstract: @entity295 is defined as @entity1850 ( @entity1850 ) caused by @entity281 . Massive activation of humoral and cellular mechanisms of host defense is present and can lead to a multiple @entity881 . @entity295 is good example, that @entity32 binds with considerable energetic and metabolic effort of organism i.e. demand for @entity26 , protein and microelements. The effort during @entity1850 exceeds compensatory abilities of organism, cause @entity1457 and @entity204 . The high mortality (40-70% in the case of @entity326 ) is a good illustration of the therapeutic problem. In the paper pathogenesis, diagnosis and therapy of @entity295 was described. Pathogenetic importance of intoxication was explained--massive intoxication (for example by Staphylococcal enterotoxin) without @entity281 cans lead to @entity1850 too. Precious advice in selection of antibiotic were given. Advantage penicillins and karbapenems over @entity2886 result from binding to PBP 2 or 1, considerably smaller release of free endotoxin and smaller induction Jarish-Heixhaimer's reaction. The side effect stimulates @entity32 and deepens @entity1850 by release toxins and increase of @entity310 .

title: [ XXXX --continual pathogenetic, diagnostic and therapeutic problem].

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['sepsis', 'Sepsis']

entities_list: @entity326 :: ('MESH:D012772', 'Disease') :: ['septic shock']

entities_list: @entity2886 :: ('MESH:D002511', 'Chemical') :: ['cephalosporins']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity1850 :: ('MESH:D018746', 'Disease') :: ['systemic inflammatory response syndrome', 'SIRS']

entities_list: @entity881 :: ('MESH:D009102', 'Disease') :: ['organ dysfunction syndrome']

answer: @entity295 :: (MESH:D018805,Disease) :: ['Sepsis']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This article describes the feasibility and acceptability of the Acupuncture to Decrease Disparities in Outcomes of @entity158 Treatment (ADDOPT) trial, which incorporates acupuncture as an adjunct to usual treatment for @entity1118 in urban health centers. DESIGN: The study assessed feasibility (ability to carry out in real-world practice; adequacy of resources; acceptability to @entity1 , acupuncturists, and primary care clinicians). SETTING: Four (4) community health centers in the Bronx, NY, participating in the New York City Research and Improvement Networking Group (NYC RING), a practice-based research network dedicated to decreasing health disparities through primary care research and quality improvement in the urban safety net setting, were involved. SUBJECTS: The subjects comprised @entity1 receiving care for @entity1118 due to @entity571 , or neck or back @entity158 at four Bronx health centers serving low-income families. INTERVENTION: The intervention involved up to 14 weekly acupuncture treatments. OUTCOME MEASURES: @entity158 and functional status are assessed during a 6-week run-in period before, during, and postacupuncture treatment using the Brief @entity158 Inventory and the 12-Item Short Form Health Survey. This article reports on baseline status, referral and recruitment, engagement with treatment, and delivery of the intervention across sites. RESULTS: Of 400 @entity1 referred, 185 have initiated treatment. The majority of attending physicians have referred, most commonly for back @entity158 (n=103; 60.6%). @entity1 ' average age is 53.9 (standard deviation [SD] 14.1); 54.1% are Hispanic; and 57.6% are on Medicaid. Half (48%) report "poor" or "fair" overall health. @entity1 report an average disability score of 74 (SD 27.0) and baseline @entity158 severity on the Brief @entity158 Inventory of 6 (SD 1.9). @entity1 have completed a mean of 8.0 (SD 4.7) treatments; 72.4% complete >5 sessions. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians in this urban setting have incorporated acupuncture into @entity1118 management. Despite disability and lack of familiarity, @entity1 initiate acupuncture and show high levels of engagement with treatment.

title: The ADDOPT study (Acupuncture to Decrease Disparities in Outcomes of XXXX Treatment): feasibility of offering acupuncture in the community health center setting.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Patients', 'patients', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['osteoarthritis']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['Pain']


abstract: CONTEXT: Obesity is associated with altered plasma levels of adipokines involved in the development of insulin resistance and @entity28 -related metabolic disturbances. OBJECTIVE: The aim was to investigate diet-induced changes in adipokine production in @entity1386 ( @entity1386 ) during a 6-month, multiphase, weight-reducing dietary intervention. DESIGN, SETTING, @entity1 , AND INTERVENTIONS: Forty-eight @entity28 @entity1 followed a dietary intervention consisting of a very low-calorie diet (VLCD) (1 month), followed by a @entity353 ( @entity353 ) period, which consisted of a low-calorie diet (2 months), and a weight-maintenance diet (3 months). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Before and at the end of the VLCD and @entity353 , samples of plasma and @entity1386 were obtained. In a subgroup of 26 @entity1 , secretion of adipokines was determined in @entity1386 explants, and in a subgroup of 22 @entity1 , @entity1386 mRNA expression was measured. RESULTS: Body weight decreased and insulin sensitivity increased during the intervention. Plasma levels, @entity1386 mRNA expression, and secretion rates of adipocyte-produced adipokines (leptin, serum amyloid A, and @entity2104 ) decreased during the VLCD and increased during the @entity353 period. @entity1253 produced mainly from @entity455 ( @entity650 , @entity687 , @entity688 , @entity1193 , @entity310 , @entity2289 , and @entity2842 ) increased or remained unchanged during VLCD and decreased to levels equal to or lower than prediet levels during the @entity353 period. The diet-induced changes in homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance correlated with changes in leptin plasma levels during VLCD, @entity353 , and the entire dietary intervention period. CONCLUSIONS: Diet-induced regulation of adipokine production in @entity1386 differs according to their cellular origin (adipocytes vs. @entity455 ) and diet phase (VLCD vs. @entity353 ). @entity1720 changes were associated only with those of plasma leptin.

title: Adipose tissue secretion and expression of adipocyte-produced and stromavascular fraction-produced adipokines vary during multiple phases of weight-reducing dietary intervention in @entity28 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['stroma-vascular cells']

entities_list: @entity2289 :: ('5054', 'Gene') :: ['plasminogen activator inhibitor-1']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight-stabilization', 'WS']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obese', 'obesity']

entities_list: @entity1720 :: ('MESH:D007333', 'Disease') :: ['Insulin-sensitivity']

entities_list: @entity1253 :: ('MESH:D054392', 'Chemical') :: ['Adipokines']

entities_list: @entity2842 :: ('6347', 'Gene') :: ['monocyte chemoattractant protein-1']

entities_list: @entity1386 :: ('MESH:D018205', 'Disease') :: ['sc abdominal adipose tissue', 'SAT']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Prominent impairment of visuospatial processing is a feature of @entity1832 ( @entity1832 ), and diagnosis of this impairment may help clinically distinguish @entity1832 from @entity195 ( @entity195 ). The current study compared autopsy-confirmed @entity1832 and @entity195 @entity1 on the Hooper Visual Organization Test (VOT), a test that requires perceptual and mental reorganization of parts of an object into an identifiable whole. The VOT may be particularly sensitive to @entity1832 since it involves integration of visual information processed in separate dorsal and ventral visual "streams". METHODS: Demographically similar @entity1832 (n=28), @entity195 (n=115), and normal control (NC; n=85) @entity1 were compared on the VOT and additional neuropsychological tests. @entity1 groups did not differ in @entity303 severity at time of VOT testing. High and Low @entity195 -Braak stage @entity1832 subgroups were compared to examine the influence of concomitant @entity195 pathology on VOT performance. RESULTS: Both @entity1 groups were impaired compared to NC @entity1 . VOT scores of @entity1832 @entity1 were significantly lower than those of @entity195 @entity1 . The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of the VOT for @entity1 versus controls was good, but marginal for @entity1832 versus @entity195 . High-Braak and low-Braak @entity1832 @entity1 did not differ on the VOT, but High-Braak @entity1832 performed worse than Low-Braak @entity1832 on tests of episodic memory and language. CONCLUSIONS: Visual perceptual organization ability is more impaired in @entity1832 than @entity195 but not strongly diagnostic. The disproportionate severity of this @entity227 in @entity1832 is not related to degree of concomitant @entity195 pathology, which suggests that it might primarily reflect Lewy body pathology. (JINS, 2016, 22, 609-619).

title: Visual Perceptual Organization Ability in Autopsy-Verified XXXX with Lewy Bodies and @entity195 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual perceptual deficit']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity1832 :: ('MESH:D020961', 'Disease') :: ['dementia with Lewy bodies', 'DLB']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['AD', "Alzheimer's disease"]

answer: @entity303 :: (MESH:D003704,Disease) :: ['Dementia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The mortality of severe @entity311 [ @entity6197 ( @entity6197 ), @entity417 ( @entity417 ), @entity647 ( @entity647 ) and @entity649 ( @entity649 )] remains high despite the availability associated with adequate treatments. Recent studies in our laboratory and others have revealed a hitherto unknown correlation between chemokine @entity15369 / @entity14013 , Heme/ @entity10183 and @entity10433 and @entity6197 severity and mortality. Although Heme/ @entity10183 and @entity15369 / @entity14013 interactions are directly involved in the pathogenesis of @entity6197 , the mechanism dictating how Heme/ @entity10183 and @entity15369 / @entity14013 are expressed and regulated under these conditions is still unknown. We therefore tested the hypothesis that these factors share common signaling pathways and may be mutually regulated. METHODS: We first clarified the roles of Heme/ @entity10183 , @entity15369 / @entity14013 and @entity10433 in @entity6197 pathogenesis utilizing a well established experimental @entity6197 @entity19 (ECM, @entity36698 ) model. Then, we further determined the mechanisms how @entity10433 regulates @entity10183 and @entity15369 as well as mutual regulation among them in CRL-2581, a @entity19 endothelial cell line. RESULTS: The results demonstrate that (1) @entity10433 is activated by @entity36698 (PBA) infection in vivo and Heme in vitro. (2) Heme up-regulates @entity10183 and @entity15369 production through @entity10433 pathway, and regulates @entity15369 at the transcriptional level in vitro. (3) @entity10183 transcription is positively regulated by @entity15369 . (4) @entity10183 regulates @entity10433 signaling. CONCLUSION: Our data indicate that Heme/ @entity10183 , @entity15369 / @entity14013 and @entity10433 molecules as well as related signaling pathways play very important roles in the pathogenesis of severe @entity311 . We conclude that these factors are mutually regulated and provide new opportunities to develop potential novel therapeutic targets that could be used to supplement traditional prophylactics and treatments for @entity311 and improve clinical outcomes while reducing @entity311 mortality. Our ultimate goal is to develop novel therapies targeting Heme or @entity15369 -related biological signaling molecules associated with development of fatal @entity311 .

title: Heme mediated @entity10433 activation in severe XXXX .

entities_list: @entity417 :: ('MESH:D000740', 'Disease') :: ['SMA', 'severe malaria anemia']

entities_list: @entity649 :: ('MESH:D012128', 'Disease') :: ['ARDS', 'acute respiratory distress syndrome']

entities_list: @entity6197 :: ('MESH:D016779', 'Disease') :: ['CM', 'CM and fatal disease', 'cerebral malaria']

entities_list: @entity647 :: ('MESH:D055371', 'Disease') :: ['acute lung injury', 'ALI']

answer: @entity311 :: (MESH:D008288,Disease) :: ['malaria']


abstract: This study compared the subgingival microbiota in periodontal health, @entity2522 and initial @entity2521 using predominant culture and a DNA probe, checkerboard hybridization method. 56 healthy adult subjects with minimal periodontal @entity6730 were clinically monitored at 3-month intervals for 12 months. More sites demonstrated small increments of @entity6730 over the monitoring period. Sites, from 17 subjects, showing > or = 1.5 mm periodontal @entity6730 during monitoring were sampled as active lesions for microbial analysis. Twelve subjects demonstrated interproximal lesions, and 5 subjects had @entity6730 at buccal sites (recession). Cultural studies identified @entity3289 , Campylobacter rectus, and Selenomonas noxia as the predominant species associated with active interproximal lesions (9 subjects), whereas Actinomyces naeslundii, and @entity9858 , were the dominant species colonizing buccal active sites. A. naeslundii, Campylobacter gracilis, and @entity3289 (at lower levels than active sites) were the dominant species cultured from @entity2522 (10 subjects). Health-associated species (10 subjects) included @entity9858 , A. naeslundii, and Actinomyces gerencseriae. DNA probe data identified higher mean levels of @entity3289 and C. rectus with active (7 subjects) compared to inactive @entity2521 sites. @entity2523 and @entity3841 were detected infrequently. Cluster analysis of the cultural microbiota grouped 8/9 active interproximal lesions in one subcluster characterized by a mostly gram-negative microbiota, including @entity3289 and C. rectus. The data suggest that @entity3289 C. rectus and S. noxia were major species characterizing sites converting from periodontal health to disease. The differences in location and microbiota of interproximal and buccal active sites suggested that different mechanisms may be involved in increased @entity6730 .

title: Microbiota of health, @entity2522 , and initial XXXX .

entities_list: @entity6730 :: ('MESH:D017622', 'Disease') :: ['attachment loss', 'attachment loss than attachment gain']

entities_list: @entity9858 :: ('1303', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus oralis']

entities_list: @entity2522 :: ('MESH:D005891', 'Disease') :: ['gingivitis']

entities_list: @entity3289 :: ('28112', 'Species') :: ['B. forsythus', 'Bacteroides forsythus']

entities_list: @entity2521 :: ('MESH:D010518', 'Disease') :: ['periodontitis']

entities_list: @entity3841 :: ('714', 'Species') :: ['Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans']

entities_list: @entity2523 :: ('837', 'Species') :: ['Porphyromonas gingivalis']

answer: @entity2521 :: (MESH:D010518,Disease) :: ['periodontitis']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity788 ( @entity788 ) are being detected with increased frequency. The aims of this study were to determine the incidence of @entity5 and develop an imaging-based system for prediction of @entity5 in @entity22097 . METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of @entity1 >= 18 years of age with confirmed @entity22097 from January 2005 to December 2010 in a community-based integrated care setting in Southern California. @entity1 with history of acute or chronic @entity788 were excluded. Malignancy diagnosed within 3 months of cyst diagnosis was considered as pre-existing. Subsequent incidence of @entity5 during surveillance was calculated based on @entity1 -time at risk. Age- and gender-adjusted standardized incidence ratio (SIR) was calculated with the non-cyst reference population. Recursive partitioning was used to develop a risk prediction model based on cyst imaging features. RESULTS: We identified 1,815 @entity1 with confirmed @entity22097 . A total of 53 (2.9%) of @entity1 were diagnosed with cyst-related @entity5 during the study period. The surveillance cohort consisted of 1,735 @entity1 with median follow-up of 23.4 months. Incidence of @entity5 was 0.4% per year during surveillance. The overall age- and gender-adjusted SIR for @entity9451 was 35.0 (95% confidence level 26.6, 46.0). Using recursive partitioning, we stratified @entity1 into low (<1%), intermediate (1-5%), and high (9-14%) risk of harboring malignant @entity22097 based on four cross-sectional imaging features: size, @entity384 , septations with @entity730 as well as growth. Area under the receiver operator characteristic curve for the prediction model was 0.822 (training) and 0.808 (testing). CONCLUSIONS: Risk of @entity9451 was lower than previous reports from surgical series but was still significantly higher than the reference population. A risk stratification system based on established imaging criteria may help guide future management decisions for @entity1 with @entity22097 .

title: Prediction of XXXX of the pancreas: a population-based cohort study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'person']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis', 'PCNs', 'Pancreatic cystic neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic duct dilatation']

entities_list: @entity9451 :: ('MESH:D010195', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic malignancy']

entities_list: @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['calcification']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['malignancy in cystic neoplasms']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIM: The majority of @entity1 (85-95%) with Henoch-Sch  nlein @entity7860 ( @entity5417 ) suffer from a prolonged course of urinalysis abnormality. We sought to identify favourable prognostic factors predicting a self-limited urinalysis abnormality within 1 y. METHODS: Fifty-eight @entity5417 @entity1 admitted to the University Hospital between 1990 and 2003 were retrospectively analysed. Detailed information on clinical and laboratory manifestations on admission and sequential follow-up clinics were recorded. The chi2 or Fisher's exact test were used for univariate analysis, and multiple logistic regression was used for multivariate analysis. RESULTS: The study cohort included 31 @entity1 and 27 @entity1 , with a mean age of onset of 8.0+/-4.3 y and a median follow-up duration of 5.9 y (range 1 to 25). Of 58 @entity1 , 39 (67.3%) had a self-limited urinalysis abnormality within 1 y. On multivariate analysis, onset age less than 9 (p=0.038), low-grade @entity644 (p=0.044) and interval between purpura onset and renal manifestations less than 2 wk (p=0.005) predicted self-resolved urinalysis abnormality within 1 y. With two or more predictive factors, the sensitivity for short-term course was 84.6%, the specificity was 73.7%, and the positive predictive value was 84.8%. CONCLUSION: A small number of variables were important for detecting a favourable short-term course of urinalysis abnormality.

title: Clinical predictors of self-limited urinalysis abnormality in childhood Henoch-Sch  nlein XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'girls', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity7860 :: ('MESH:D019867', 'Disease') :: ['purpura nephritis']

answer: @entity7860 :: (MESH:D019867,Disease) :: ['purpura nephritis']


abstract: We present an autopsied case which developed progressive @entity303 at the age of 45. EEGs showed periodic synchronous discharges (PSD) when he showed fluctuated cloudy consciousness with @entity2045 . Cerebrospinal fluid examination showed mild to moderate increase in protein and monocytes for duration of illness, but antivirotics and antibiotics were not effective. He was not apallic even at the terminal stage when computed tomography (CT) revealed marked @entity194 , and died of @entity55 27 months after onset. He was clinically diagnosed as having @entity3605 ( @entity3605 ) because of subacute progressive @entity303 , @entity2045 and PSD. Neuropathological examination revealed marked @entity1010 with severe @entity528 and @entity5219 in the cerebral cortex and subcortical nuclei, although no @entity528 was found. @entity527 , neurofibrillaly tangles, argyrophilic glial inclusions and glial nodules were not detected. @entity3669 immunoreactivity was negative. Therefore, this case can not be neuropathologically diagnosed as having @entity3605 , @entity195 , non-Alzheimer-type degenerative @entity303 or any @entity198 . This case might have suffered from an unknown new disease.

title: [An autopsied case of subacute progressive @entity303 with flactuated disturbance of consciousness, XXXX and periodic synchronous discharges on EEGs].

entities_list: @entity527 :: ('MESH:D058225', 'Disease') :: ['Senile plaques']

entities_list: @entity198 :: ('MESH:D004660', 'Disease') :: ['encephalitis']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementias', 'dementia']

entities_list: @entity2045 :: ('MESH:D009207', 'Disease') :: ['myoclonus']

entities_list: @entity3605 :: ('MESH:D007562', 'Disease') :: ['Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease', 'CJD']

entities_list: @entity1010 :: ('MESH:C566985', 'Disease') :: ['brain atrophy']

entities_list: @entity194 :: ('MESH:D001284', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral atrophy']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["Alzheimer's disease"]

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['spongiform degeneration', 'neuronal loss']

answer: @entity2045 :: (MESH:D009207,Disease) :: ['myoclonus']


abstract: Entomopathogenic fungi are widely used as biological control agents against a broad range of insect and arachnid pests. However, the control efficacy of entomopathogenic fungi is variable because of unfavourable and fluctuating environmental conditions and intrinsic factors. One strategy to enhance entomopathogenic fungi efficacy is a combined use of entomopathogenic fungi and low dosages of pesticides. These sub-lethal dosages of chemicals can increase the control efficiency of entomopathogenic fungi but only if they do not affect the fungi. Adverse effects could include the inhibition of germination and/or vegetative growth as well as conidiogenesis. The present study investigated the in vitro effects of different concentrations of @entity276 , @entity315 , @entity5051 , NeemAzal, and @entity275 as potential candidates for combined applications on two strains of the entomopathogenic fungus @entity20703 (MA). MA was inoculated on a medium amended with five different concentrations (0.32-200 ppm) of the abovementioned pesticides. The germination, vegetative growth, and sporulation were evaluated. The results showed, according to a physiology parameter compatibility classification, that all pesticides were compatible with both tested MA strains. Only @entity276 in the higher dose rates of 40 and 200 ppm was close to moderately toxic to MA-7. Furthermore, only higher concentrations of the pesticides caused a slight inhibition (about 15%) of conidial germination and a reduction in colony size. Sporulation was reduced at most by approximately 50% by 40 or 200 ppm of @entity276 or @entity275 , respectively. Therefore, it is possible to use the tested pesticides in combination with either strain of MA for an integrated pest management approach. Studies on the effect of these combinations on target organisms are in progress.

title: In  vitro effect of pesticides on the germination, vegetative growth, and conidial production of two strains of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity276 :: ('MESH:C082360', 'Chemical') :: ['fipronil']

entities_list: @entity20703 :: ('5530', 'Species') :: ['Metarhizium anisopliae']

entities_list: @entity315 :: ('MESH:D026023', 'Chemical') :: ['permethrin']

entities_list: @entity275 :: ('MESH:C014983', 'Chemical') :: ['amitraz']

entities_list: @entity5051 :: ('MESH:C082359', 'Chemical') :: ['imidacloprid']

answer: @entity20703 :: (5530,Species) :: ['Metarhizium anisopliae']


abstract: PURPOSE: This study aims at defining the frequency and severity of late effects in a series of 288 long-term survivors of @entity5 treated from 1962 to 1982 at the Giannina Gaslini @entity1 's Research Hospital of Genoa, Italy. @entity1 AND METHODS: All cases with a diagnosis of @entity5 in childhood and a minimum of 2.5 years from discontinuation of treatment were considered eligible. For all cases the study included @entity458 . Groups of @entity1 selected according to treatment underwent cardiac, pulmonary, orthopedic, and ophthalmologic evaluation. The sequelae observed were scored according to a grading system in which asymptomatic @entity4092 are distinguished from those that are sufficiently symptomatic to require some type of corrective measure. RESULTS: Overall, 200 of 288 cases (69.4%) presented with some kind of abnormality. Symptomatic changes were present in 92 cases (42%); in these, severe and life-threatening late @entity137 was reported in 61 (21.2%) and 12 cases (4.2%), respectively. The major risk factors appeared to be irradiation, type of @entity5 , and whether the @entity1 had received therapy before 1974. CONCLUSIONS: In our experience, this study demonstrates that there was a true excess of morbidity caused by the disease and its treatment in long-term survivors from almost any kind of @entity5 . It also sheds light on how to prevent, diagnose, and adequately treat these @entity1 and proposes specific criteria for the evaluation of the severity of delayed @entity137 in long-term survivors of @entity5 in childhood.

title: Health status of long-term survivors after XXXX in childhood. Results of an uniinstitutional study in Italy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Children', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'childhood cancer', 'cancer', 'malignancy']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['physical, endocrinological, and psychological examination']

entities_list: @entity4092 :: ('MESH:D058345', 'Disease') :: ['subclinical defects']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: The pathogenesis of portal @entity101 in @entity1 with @entity1071 is not fully understood. We investigated 20 @entity1 with @entity66 and 47 @entity1 with @entity1071 . Transvenous liver biopsies and hepatic vein pressure gradient measurements were performed in all @entity1 , and portal vein blood flow was measured by pulsed Doppler sonography in 31 of these @entity1 and in 22 normal volunteers. The hepatic vein pressure gradient was significantly higher in @entity1 with @entity99 , @entity82 or both than in @entity1 without @entity99 (8.3 +/- 5.0 mmHg vs. 4.1 +/- 2.3 mmHg; p < 0.01). Portal vein blood flow was significantly higher in @entity1 with @entity1503 than in normal volunteers (31.2 +/- 15.5 ml/min.kg vs. 14.2 +/- 4.6 ml/min.kg;p < 0.01). In 81.8% of @entity1 with @entity99 , @entity82 or both and increased portal vein blood flow, the hepatic vein pressure gradient was greater than 6 mm Hg. Although we saw a significant correlation between splenic vein blood flow and portal vein blood flow (n = 20; p < 0.01), we found no significant correlation between splenic vein blood flow and hepatic vein pressure gradient or spleen size. @entity99 and @entity82 appear to be major determinants of increased hepatic vein pressure gradient, probably because they increase intrahepatic vascular resistance. The role of increased splenic blood flow is probably not determinant. However, because portal pressure was not measured directly in this study, the incidence of portal @entity101 may have been underestimated.

title: Portal @entity101 in XXXX : hemodynamic and histological correlations.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity1071 :: ('MESH:D008232', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoproliferative and myeloproliferative disorders', 'lymphoproliferative disease']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['myeloproliferative disease']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['hematological disease']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic lesions', 'hepatic infiltrates', 'Hepatic infiltration']

answer: @entity1071 :: (MESH:D008232,Disease) :: ['lymphoproliferative and myeloproliferative disorders']


abstract: @entity1 with unilateral isolated coronal suture synostosis suffer from frontal @entity9283 . In this retrospective study we analyzed 21 @entity1 who were treated with an identical and standardized surgical technique of fronto-orbital advancement with hypercorrection with an average follow-up of 57.5 months. The median age at surgery was 12.1 months. The median average amount of @entity190 during the operation was less than 188  ml. Not a single major complication was observed. According to the classification of Whitaker, 15 @entity1 had a Class 1 outcome, with excellent surgical results. Three @entity1 were defined as Class 2 outcome. One of our @entity1 was Class 3 and two @entity1 were Class 4 because of severe forehead retrusion and temporal hollowing. Re-operation rate was 14.3%. 67% of our @entity1 showed a correction or an improvement of the typical C-shaped deformity in their follow-up examination. Aesthetic outcomes were excellent in 13, good in 5, and poor in 3 of cases, as judged by their families and the craniofacial team. @entity91 can be successfully treated by fronto-orbital advancement with a low complication rate and an excellent clinical outcome. To minimize the need of re-operations, fronto-orbital advancement should be performed with an overcorrection on the affected side.

title: Long-term results in nonsyndromatic XXXX treated with fronto-orbital advancement.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity9283 :: ('MESH:D059041', 'Disease') :: ['plagiocephaly']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity91 :: ('MESH:D003398', 'Disease') :: ['Unilateral coronal synostosis']

answer: @entity91 :: (MESH:D003398,Disease) :: ['unilateral coronal synostosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Improved aquarium techniques are enabling sea aquariums to imitate reality even better. This means that they sometimes contain known and unknown marine toxins. Aquarium keepers and their families may then develop potentially severe @entity4968 . CASE DESCRIPTION: A 37-year-old @entity1 presented at the Emergency Department with @entity221 , @entity551 and symptoms of a metallic taste in the mouth, @entity390 , @entity10 , shivering and severe muscle cramps. Symptoms appeared after he had tried to remove a colony of Zoanthids (soft corals) from his aquarium by pouring boiling water over them. His wife (35-year-old) and two @entity1 (10-year-old twins) had also inhaled the offensive-smelling steam coming from the aquarium and had similar symptoms. On physical examination, all family members had low blood pressure and @entity221 > 38.5 degrees Celsius. Blood analysis showed leucocytosis and an elevated CRP. We diagnosed @entity48165 @entity4968 . All family members recovered within 48 hours after receiving supportive therapy only. CONCLUSION: Manipulation of certain soft corals found in sea aquariums can cause emission of palytoxin. This may cause a potentially severe episode of @entity4968 . When working in a sea aquarium protective measures should be taken. There is no specific therapy for or antidote to palytoxin @entity4968 and for this reason, treatment is supportive.

title: [Family with XXXX after cleaning a sea aquarium].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'man']

entities_list: @entity4968 :: ('MESH:D011041', 'Disease') :: ['poisoning']

entities_list: @entity48165 :: ('MESH:C010272', 'Chemical') :: ['palytoxin']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

answer: @entity221 :: (MESH:D005334,Disease) :: ['fever']


abstract: The aim of this study was to characterise the individual @entity1 gastric and duodenal juices to be used in in vitro model digestion and to examine the storage stability of the enzymes. Gastroduodenal juices were aspirated, and individual variations in enzymatic activities as well as total volumes, pH, @entity3645 , protein and @entity648 concentrations were recorded. Individual pepsin activity in the gastric juice varied by a factor of 10, while individual total proteolytic activity in the duodenal juice varied by a factor of 5. The duodenal amylase activity varied from 0 to 52.6  U/ml, and the @entity6741 concentration varied from 0.9 to 4.5  mM. Pooled gastric and duodenal juices from 18 volunteers were characterised according to pepsin activity (26.7  U/ml), total proteolytic activity (14.8  U/ml), lipase activity (951.0  U/ml), amylase activity (26.8  U/ml) and @entity3645 (4.5  mM). Stability of the main enzymes in two frozen batches of either gastric or duodenal juice was studied for 6  months. Pepsin activity decreased rapidly and adjusting the pH of gastric juice to 4 did not protect the pepsin from degradation. Lipase activity remained stable for 4  months, however decreased rapidly thereafter even after the addition of protease inhibitors. @entity653 only marginally stabilised the survival of the enzymatic activities. These results of compositional variations in the individual gastrointestinal juices and the effect of storage conditions on enzyme activities are useful for the design of in vitro models enabling @entity1 digestive juices to simulate physiological digestion.

title: XXXX Gastrointestinal Juices Intended for Use in In Vitro Digestion Models.

entities_list: @entity648 :: ('MESH:D001663', 'Chemical') :: ['bilirubin']

entities_list: @entity653 :: ('MESH:D005990', 'Chemical') :: ['Glycerol']

entities_list: @entity6741 :: ('CHEBI:3098', 'Chemical') :: ['bile acid']

entities_list: @entity3645 :: ('MESH:D001647', 'Chemical') :: ['bile acids']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Human']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The objective of our study was to assess the rate of meniscal extrusion and its connection with common meniscal and @entity2720 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: MR signs of meniscal extrusion were evaluated retrospectively in 24 rugby and soccer players (40 knees) who are currently free of @entity158 in the knee, @entity73 , and @entity4 . The control group consisted of 23 consecutive active individuals (36 knees) with no history of knee problems. The criterion for extrusion of the meniscus was defined as a distance of 3 mm or more between the peripheral border of the meniscus and the edge of the tibial plateau measured on coronal images. RESULTS: Forty-eight percent of the athletes' knees and 30% of the control subjects' knees showed evidence of meniscal extrusion. Among the athletes, a significant association between meniscal extrusion and joint effusion (11 cases), @entity937 (seven cases), and anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear (four cases) was found (p < or = 0.004). In the control group, no significant association was found between meniscal extrusion and joint effusion (three cases), @entity937 (four cases), and ACL tears (two cases) (p = 1.00). A significant association was not found between degenerative change and meniscal extrusion in either the athletes (p = 0.23) or the control subjects (p = 1.00). The most commonly associated knee abnormality was joint effusion in 73% of knees with meniscal extrusion in athletes. CONCLUSION: Meniscal extrusion is a common finding on MRI of athletes' knees. Meniscal extrusion in association with @entity937 and joint effusion is postulated as a significant @entity2587 and its recognition as such in this group is important because it may prompt orthopedic intervention.

title: Meniscal extrusion in young athletes: associated XXXX .

entities_list: @entity937 :: ('MESH:D012167', 'Disease') :: ['meniscal tears', 'meniscal tear']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['impaired mobility']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['joint swelling']

entities_list: @entity2587 :: ('MESH:D001265', 'Disease') :: ['injury in athletes']

entities_list: @entity2720 :: ('MESH:D007592', 'Disease') :: ['joint abnormalities']

answer: @entity2720 :: (MESH:D007592,Disease) :: ['knee joint abnormalities']