abstract: @entity14962 ( @entity14962 ) is an uncommon @entity272 . We report two adult male @entity1 who had recurrent @entity527 and a nodular lesion on the abdomen. The histopathologic feature of their skin biopsies similarly indicated a marked infiltrate of eosinophils in the dermis with the fashion of "flame figures". One of the @entity1 demonstrated @entity1503 . Given the clinicohistological findings, the @entity1 fulfilled the criteria for the diagnosis of @entity14962 . The @entity272 remained refractory to medications such as @entity288 , @entity59110 , @entity8610 , and @entity1214 . Considering the beneficial effect of @entity205 in the treatment of @entity1712 -associated dermatoses, we speculated that @entity14962 might respond to @entity205 therapy. Thus, each of the two @entity1 was given @entity205 (microemulsion formulation) at a daily dose of 1.25 or 2.5 mg/kg, i.e., 100 or 200 mg, respectively. Complete remission of the skin eruptions was obtained in both @entity1 during a 3- or 4-week period of treatment. No side effects were observed. Neither of the @entity1 experienced relapse of the disease at least over 10 months after the discontinuation of the @entity205 therapy. We suggest that administration of low-dose @entity205 be a safe and useful therapeutic option in @entity1 with @entity14962 .

title: @entity14962 ( @entity14962 ) successfully treated with low-dose XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1712 :: ('MESH:D004802', 'Disease') :: ['eosinophilia']

entities_list: @entity1214 :: ('MESH:D008911', 'Chemical') :: ['minocycline']

entities_list: @entity527 :: ('MESH:D058225', 'Disease') :: ['erythematous plaques']

entities_list: @entity8610 :: ('MESH:D006633', 'Chemical') :: ['antihistamines']

entities_list: @entity14962 :: ('MESH:C536693', 'Disease') :: ['eosinophilic cellulitis', 'Eosinophilic cellulitis', "Wells'syndrome"]

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['blood eosinophilia']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporine']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin disorder', 'skin lesions']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity205 :: (MESH:D016572,Chemical) :: ['cyclosporine']


abstract: The clinical course of 52 cases with @entity19272 observed at the Mayo Clinic has been described. Cutaneous changes included pitting @entity4 , peau d'orange, and induration, and may affect virtually any body surface area. In addition, localized morphea was present in 15 cases. @entity625 was observed in 21 @entity1 ; 29 @entity1 had @entity1159 and 12 had @entity923 . Associated @entity1503 were found in five @entity1 ; @entity882 in two, @entity6961 in one, @entity12188 in one, and @entity1072 in one. Peripheral blood @entity1712 was noted in 33 of 52 @entity1 , @entity4754 was noted in 17 of 49, and elevated sedimentation rate was noted in 15 of 52. Nonspecific EMG changes were seen in 11 of 15 @entity1 . None had clinical involvement of the kidneys, lungs, or heart. No significant association between any @entity2149 and @entity19272 was seen. @entity229 and @entity6383 seemed equally beneficial in treatment; however, some cases showed spontaneous recovery, making evaluation of therapeutic efficacy difficult. Relapses occurred in some cases.

title: XXXX : clinical spectrum and therapeutic response in 52 cases.

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['Arthritis']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity12188 :: ('MESH:D054429', 'Disease') :: ['myelomonocytic leukemia']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['Prednisone']

entities_list: @entity1072 :: ('MESH:D015451', 'Disease') :: ['chronic lymphocytic leukemia']

entities_list: @entity6383 :: ('MESH:D006886', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxychloroquine']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['hematologic diseases']

entities_list: @entity4754 :: ('MESH:D006942', 'Disease') :: ['hypergammaglobulinemia']

entities_list: @entity19272 :: ('MESH:C562487', 'Disease') :: ['eosinophilic fasciitis']

entities_list: @entity1159 :: ('MESH:D003286', 'Disease') :: ['flexion contractures']

entities_list: @entity923 :: ('MESH:D002349', 'Disease') :: ['carpal tunnel syndrome']

entities_list: @entity6961 :: ('MESH:D009196', 'Disease') :: ['myeloproliferative disorder']

answer: @entity19272 :: (MESH:C562487,Disease) :: ['Eosinophilic fasciitis']


abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of @entity1483 on urinary acidification in 7 healthy @entity1 (aged 7 to 9 years) 5 @entity1 with normokalemic @entity8 (RTA) (aged 4 to 13 years) and in 1 @entity1 with proximal RTA (aged 20 months). @entity1483 was given (2 mg/kg orally) as a tool to stimulate H+ and K+ secretion by enhancing Na delivery and transport in distal tubular segments. @entity1 with distal RTA were diagnosed by means of the @entity5819 test and the alkaline overload and the one with proximal RTA by the @entity5819 test only. Urinary acidification was evaluated 1 hour before and until 4 hours after @entity1483 administration. Healthy @entity1 (Fig. 1) showed a significant fall in urinary pH, 5.8 +/- 0.27 to 4.88 +/- 0.18 (p less than 0.02) and increase of @entity3655 excretion from 38.58 +/- 10.33 to 79.09 +/- 10.38 microEq/min/1.73 m2 (p less than 0.05). There was a direct correlation between urinary pH and urinary flow: r = 0.62 p less than 0.01 (Fig. 3). In @entity1 with distal RTA (Fig. 5) @entity1483 failed to lower urine pH below 6 and net acid excretion persisted low: 47.9 +/- 6.1 microEq/min/1.73 m2. In the @entity1 with proximal RTA (Fig. 4) @entity1483 produced the same effect as in healthy @entity1 with a fall in urine pH to 4.4 and an increase in net acid excretion to 118 microEq/min/1.73 m2. @entity1483 proved to be effective to differentiate the type of RTA.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Urinary acidification by XXXX test].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['distal renal tubular acidosis']

entities_list: @entity1483 :: ('MESH:D005665', 'Chemical') :: ['furosemide', 'Furosemide']

entities_list: @entity5819 :: ('MESH:D000643', 'Chemical') :: ['ammonium chloride']

answer: @entity1483 :: (MESH:D005665,Chemical) :: ['furosemide']


abstract: In recent years, refined molecular technologies and the generation of genetically engineered @entity19 have allowed to specifically target individual genes involved in the regulation of the @entity1636 . Given the fundamental role of the @entity8740 ( @entity8740 ) system in @entity148 , stress-associated pathologies, and @entity1316 , we describe genetic modifications of the genes that encode proteins integral to the @entity8740 / @entity8740 receptor system with particular emphasis on conditional gene-targeting strategies. The profile of results, consistent with current knowledge of @entity8740 function from more traditional assays, indicates that enhancement of the @entity8740 function is associated with an activation of the HPA system, an anxious phenotype, alterations in cognitive performance, reductions in food intake, and disturbances of autonomic functions. In general, blockade of @entity8740 activity produces the opposite effects, namely an @entity148 -reduced phenotype. Molecular genetic strategies for conditional inactivation or overexpression of the glucocorticoid receptor contribute to our understanding of the genetics of endocrine activity and behavior, the most complex form of biological organization. In addition, we introduce @entity19 with a genetic manipulation in the function of the blood-brain barrier as an animal model for the study of neuroendocrine regulation and, in particular, of HPA system activity. By use of @entity19 deficient for @entity21651 - (also called multidrug resistance gene 1, @entity21651 -) type P glycoproteins, it was shown most recently that @entity21651 -type P glycoproteins control the access of endogenous glucocorticoids into the central nervous system. Thus, the @entity21651 -type P glycoprotein function exerts a profound influence on activity and regulation of the HPA system under both basal conditions and during stress. Taken together, these genetically engineered @entity19 are valuable tools for increasing our understanding of HPA system dysregulation in @entity148 and stress-related pathologies, including @entity1 @entity1316 . The identification and detailed characterization of these molecular pathways will ultimately lead to the development of novel neuropharmacological intervention strategies.

title: XXXX and @entity1316 : highlights from mutant @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity8740 :: ('12918(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['CRH', 'corticotropin-releasing hormone']

entities_list: @entity1316 :: ('MESH:D019964', 'Disease') :: ['affective disorders', 'mood disorders']

entities_list: @entity1636 :: ('MESH:D018268', 'Disease') :: ['hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) system']

answer: @entity1636 :: (MESH:D018268,Disease) :: ['Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical system']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The mast cell localization to @entity3960 ( @entity3960 ) bundle in @entity565 is important in the development of disordered airway physiology. Thymic stromal lymphopoietin ( @entity24373 ) is expressed by airway structural cells. Whether it has a role in the crosstalk between these cells is uncertain. We sought to define @entity24373 expression in bronchial tissue across the spectrum of @entity565 severity and to investigate the @entity24373 and @entity24374 ( @entity24374 ) expression and function by primary @entity3960 and mast cells alone and in coculture. METHODS: @entity24373 expression was assessed in bronchial tissue from 18 subjects with mild to moderate @entity565 , 12 with severe disease, and nine healthy control subjects. @entity24373 and @entity24374 expression in primary mast cells and @entity3960 was assessed by immunofluorescence, flow cytometry, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and its function was assessed by @entity460 imaging. The role of @entity24373 in mast cell and @entity3960 proliferation, survival, differentiation, synthetic function, and contraction was examined. RESULTS: @entity24373 expression was increased in the @entity3960 bundle in mild-moderate disease. @entity24373 and @entity24374 were expressed by mast cells and @entity3960 and were functional. Mast cell activation by @entity24373 increased the production of a broad range of chemokines and cytokines, but did not affect mast cell or @entity3960 proliferation, survival, or contraction. CONCLUSIONS: @entity24373 expression by the bronchial epithelium and @entity3960 was upregulated in @entity565 . @entity24373 promoted mast cell synthetic function, but did not contribute to other functional consequences of mast cell- @entity3960 crosstalk.

title: Mast cell- XXXX crosstalk: the role of thymic stromal lymphopoietin.

entities_list: @entity3960 :: ('MESH:D018235', 'Disease') :: ['airway smooth muscle', 'ASM']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

answer: @entity3960 :: (MESH:D018235,Disease) :: ['airway smooth muscle']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To date, contemporary studies on wartime vascular @entity130 have focused on acute management strategies and early results, with no characterization of enduring functional limb salvage or its relation to quality of life. The objective of this study was to describe long-term, @entity1 -based quality of life and function after extremity @entity1317 (EVI). METHODS: The Joint Theater Trauma Registry was queried for U.S. troops with EVI. Injury and management data was obtained and the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 36 (SF-36) Health Survey administered after @entity1 contact and consent. @entity130 , and management variables were analyzed and examined for correlation with the primary end points of favorable or unfavorable outcome defined by SF-36 Mental ( @entity8848 ) or Physical Component Summary (PCS) scores of >42 or <42 (effect size >=  0.8). RESULTS: Surveys were completed by 214 @entity1 , who were a median age of 25 years (range, 19-52 years). The Injury Severity Score was 15.3    8.6 and the Mangled Extremity Severity Score was 5.65    1.4. Amputation-free survival was 84% at mean follow-up of 61    24 months. Overall SF-36 PCS and @entity8848 scores were 43.0    9.2 and 46.6    12.4, respectively, with 92 respondents (43%) reporting favorable outcomes on both @entity8848 and PCS. On multivariate analysis, older age, severe @entity130 (Mangled Extremity Severity Scores >=  7), and @entity1118 were predictive of unfavorable physical outcomes (P < .05). Presence of @entity158 , @entity128 , and junior rank (<E7) were predictive of unfavorable @entity8848 scores (P < .05). Higher educational background (baccalaureate or above) was associated with favorable outcome (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS: This study reports the first long-term @entity1 -centered outcomes data after wartime EVI. At 5 years after injury, quality-of-life measures are reduced compared with national norms. Understanding high-risk characteristics, both demographic- and injury-specific, that are associated with unfavorable outcomes will help guide future acute management and long-term recovery strategies.

title: XXXX -based outcomes and quality of life after salvageable wartime extremity @entity1317 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity128 :: ('MESH:D020209', 'Disease') :: ['nerve injury']

entities_list: @entity1317 :: ('MESH:D057772', 'Disease') :: ['vascular injury']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['Demographic, injury', 'extremity injury', 'trauma']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patient']


abstract: We attempted to define the role of @entity5 suppressor genes in the pathogenesis of @entity1 @entity150 through a combined molecular genetic and immunohistochemical approach. Thirty-four @entity150 (1 Pis, 6 Pa, 5 P1, 3 P3a, 18 P3b, 1 P4; 8 low grade and 26 high grade @entity5 ) have been analyzed. Restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis directed at 5 suspected or established @entity5 suppressor gene regions (3p21-25, 11p15, 13q14, 17p11-13, and 18q21) was combined with immunohistochemical using @entity995 -PMG3-245 monoclonal antibody directed at the @entity995 ( @entity995 ) gene product. @entity5 grade correlated with deletions of 3p (P = 0.004) and 17p (P = 0.063). @entity5 stage correlated with deletions of 3p (P = 0.010), 17p (P = 0.015) and altered @entity995 expression (P = 0.054). Vascular invasion correlated only with deletions of 17p (P = 0.038). No marker correlated with positive lymph nodes. Our results suggest that altered @entity995 expression occurs in all grades and stages of @entity150 but is more commonly associated with invasive @entity5 . Genetic alterations of 3p, 11p, 17p, and 18q are rare events in low grade, superficial @entity5 , whereas they are more common in high grade and @entity150 . The role of these genetic alterations in the prognosis of @entity150 will require additional follow-up and further studies.

title: Molecular genetic alterations in superficial and locally advanced XXXX @entity150 .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder tumors', 'bladder cancer', 'invasive bladder cancer']

entities_list: @entity995 :: ('MESH:D012175', 'Disease') :: ['retinoblastoma', 'Rb']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: Introduction. @entity999 may occur in @entity510 ( @entity510 ) and @entity438 surgery. Although @entity887 ( @entity887 ) have been reported in @entity510 , their origin remains unclear. The aim of this study was to report the detection of @entity887 during routine @entity12705 monitoring in @entity1 with @entity439 @entity510 . Methods. A total of 105 @entity1 with @entity439 @entity510 were submitted to @entity12705 evaluation. @entity1 were monitored almost daily (5 times per week). In each monitoring session, one experienced operator performed @entity12705 to detect or assess @entity2553 and @entity887 in arteries of the Willis polygon. Results. Four @entity1 out of a total of 105 @entity1 with @entity439 @entity510 were found to present @entity999 during routine @entity12705 monitoring. The average age of the 4 @entity1 (mean    standard deviation) was 59.5    8.34 years (range 49-68   ys); female @entity1 predominated representing 75% (3/4) of subjects. Conclusion. Although detection of @entity887 was relatively rare in this study, rates of @entity999 may be higher under systematic monitoring. The detection of @entity887 after @entity510 surgery reinforces the need to study the role of embolus in this condition and may be an indicator for prophylactic antithrombotic treatment.

title: Embolic Signals during Routine Transcranial Doppler Ultrasonography in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['SAH', 'subarachnoid hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity999 :: ('MESH:D020766', 'Disease') :: ['emboli occurrence', 'Cerebral emboli', 'spontaneous cerebral embolization']

entities_list: @entity887 :: ('MESH:D004617', 'Disease') :: ['ES', 'embolic signs']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysmal']

entities_list: @entity2553 :: ('MESH:D020301', 'Disease') :: ['vasospasm']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial aneurysm']

answer: @entity510 :: (MESH:D013345,Disease) :: ['Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage']


abstract: Translation initiation of alphavirus subgenomic mRNA (sgmRNA) can occur in the absence of several initiation factors (eIFs) in infected cells; however, the precise translation mechanism is still poorly understood. In this study, we have examined the mechanism of initiation and AUG selection in @entity12385 (SINV) sgmRNA. Our present findings suggest that sgmRNA is translated via a scanning mechanism, since the presence of a hairpin structure before the initiation codon hampers protein synthesis directed by this mRNA. In addition, translation is partially recovered when an in-frame AUG codon is placed upstream of this hairpin. This scanning process takes place without the participation of @entity31952 and active @entity15204 . These results, combined with our findings through modifying the SINV sgmRNA leader sequence, do not support the possibility of a direct initiation from the start codon without previous scanning, or a shunting mechanism. Moreover, studies carried out with sgmRNAs containing two alternative AUG codons within a good context for translation reveal differences in AUG selection which are dependent on the cellular context and the phosphorylation state of @entity15204 . Thus, initiation at the additional AUG is strictly dependent on active @entity15204 , whereas the genuine AUG codon can start translation following @entity15204 inactivation. Collectively, our results suggest that SINV sgmRNA is translated by a scanning mechanism without the potential participation of crucial eIFs. A model is presented that explains the mechanism of initiation of mRNAs bearing two alternative initiation codons.

title: Initiation codon selection is accomplished by a scanning mechanism without crucial initiation factors in XXXX subgenomic mRNA.

answer: @entity12385 :: (11034,Species) :: ['Sindbis virus']


abstract: Research on the effects of repeated opioid use on striatal @entity935 transporters (DATs) has yielded inconsistent results, possibly confounded by a history of @entity888 or @entity284 exposure in opioid-dependent individuals. Previous studies have shown that striatal @entity7712 density is positively correlated with the cognitive performance of healthy volunteers. This study aimed to investigate changes in striatal @entity7712 density and their functional significance in opioid-dependent individuals. Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) with [(99m) Tc]TRODAT-1 as a ligand was used to measure striatal @entity7712 levels in 20 opioid-dependent individuals and 20 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Opioid-dependent individuals had no history of @entity888 or @entity284 use. The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) was performed to assess neurocognitive function. We found that compared with healthy controls, opioid-dependent individuals showed a significant reduction in striatal @entity7712 density. They also showed poorer performance on the WCST in terms of the trials administered, total errors, perseverative responses, perseverative errors and @entity2246 . Striatal @entity7712 levels negatively correlated with @entity2246 not only in opioid-dependent individuals but also in healthy controls. These findings suggest that in @entity1 , repeated opioid exposure reduces striatal @entity7712 density, which can be associated with @entity2246 . Non-perseverative errors may be one of the more sensitive parameters in WCST to identify working @entity2414 associated with striatal @entity7712 reduction. Moreover, we suggest that whether opioid-associated @entity2359 is reversible depends on the brain region.

title: Reduced striatal @entity935 transporter density associated with working XXXX in opioid-dependent male subjects: a SPECT study.

entities_list: @entity888 :: ('MESH:D008694', 'Chemical') :: ['methamphetamine']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity284 :: ('MESH:D008691', 'Chemical') :: ['methadone']

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['memory deficits']

entities_list: @entity2359 :: ('MESH:D020258', 'Disease') :: ['neurotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity2246 :: ('MESH:D008661', 'Disease') :: ['non-perseverative errors']

answer: @entity2414 :: (MESH:D008569,Disease) :: ['memory deficits']


abstract: @entity0 with high expression of @entity1722 are associated frequently with @entity146 , poor prognosis disease and resistance to chemotherapy-induced apoptosis. @entity13906 and its less toxic analogue, @entity45335 ( @entity45335 ) are @entity17208 antibiotics that bind to a highly conserved pocket in the @entity4041 chaperone protein and inhibit its function. @entity4041 is required for the refolding of proteins during environmental stress and the conformational maturation of certain signaling proteins. Among the most sensitive targets of @entity45335 are the HER kinases. Therefore, @entity5 that are dependent on these kinases may be especially sensitive to @entity45335 either alone or in combination with chemotherapy. In this study we demonstrate that cells that overexpress @entity1722 are 10-100-fold more sensitive to @entity45335 than @entity5 cells expressing low levels of @entity1722 . We found that @entity1722 is degraded in several cell lines, but only cell lines with high levels of @entity1722 are sensitive to the drug. The effects of @entity45335 on growth and apoptosis are because of inhibition of signaling through @entity1722 - @entity7514 , @entity4357 3'- kinase. The absence of @entity7514 and the introduction of constitutively active @entity10160 rendered cells with high @entity1722 expression more resistant to @entity45335 . These findings suggest that @entity45335 may be useful for the treatment of @entity0 cells with high levels of @entity1722 . However, the overexpression of @entity1722 alone may not be predictive of response, because the coexpression of @entity7514 and the activation of @entity4357 3'-kinase may play a crucial role in the response of these cells to @entity45335 and other drugs directed against @entity1722 . These observations have important clinical implications because they may help to identify @entity1 that are most likely to benefit from @entity45335 and may explain resistance to Herceptin as seen in many @entity1 .

title: Degradation of @entity1722 by ansamycins induces growth arrest and apoptosis in cells with @entity1722 overexpression via a @entity7514 , XXXX 3'-kinase-AKT-dependent pathway.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity17208 :: ('MESH:D017828', 'Chemical') :: ['ansamycin']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['Breast cancers', 'breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive']

entities_list: @entity13906 :: ('MESH:C001277', 'Chemical') :: ['Geldanamycin']

entities_list: @entity45335 :: ('MESH:C112765', 'Chemical') :: ['17- (allylamino)-17-demethoxygeldanamycin', '17-AAG']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity4357 :: ('MESH:D010716', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphatidylinositol']

answer: @entity4357 :: (MESH:D010716,Chemical) :: ['phosphatidylinositol']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Data on the long-term survival and renal function of @entity1 with @entity810 ( @entity810 ) treated with continuous renal replacement therapy are scarce. METHODS: We investigated the 3-year survival and need for chronic dialysis in critically ill @entity1 , who had survived an episode of @entity810 requiring continuous renal replacement therapy. RESULTS: A total of 206 ICU @entity1 with @entity810 were randomized in a trial comparing haemofiltration versus haemodiafiltration. Of these, 95 (46%) survived at 90 days. Post-discharge information relating to 3-year survival and renal function was successfully obtained in 89 (94%) of the @entity1 . Of the 89 @entity1 studied, @entity740 ( @entity740 ) was present in 32 subjects from the onset, and @entity740 developed de novo in 25 @entity1 following @entity810 . @entity454 ( @entity454 ) developed in 9 @entity1 (of whom 8 had pre-existing @entity740 ) and 29 @entity1 died. Three-year survival was 67% overall; the mortality at 3 years was 50% for those with pre-existing @entity8 , and 71 and 82% for those with de novo and without @entity740 , respectively. CONCLUSION: After an episode of @entity810 necessitating a continuous renal replacement therapy, rapid progression to ESKD is commonly observed in @entity1 with pre-existing @entity8 . Medical care with an emphasis on nephroprotection is necessary in these @entity1 .

title: Long-term prognosis after XXXX requiring renal replacement therapy.

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['kidney disease', 'chronic renal impairment']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['CKD', 'chronic kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['AKI', 'acute kidney injury']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['ESRD', 'End-stage renal disease']

answer: @entity810 :: (MESH:D058186,Disease) :: ['acute kidney injury']


abstract: Recent studies have indicated that enteral diets can play an important role in the treatment of persistent @entity294 . Khitchri, a local weaning food in Pakistan, is composed of @entity579 and lentils, which have previously been shown to be well tolerated in many @entity1 with acute @entity294 . The effectiveness of a khitchri and yogurt (KY) diet, which is inexpensive and widely available in Pakistan, was studied. One hundred two weaned @entity1 (6 to 36 months old) with persistent @entity294 were randomly assigned to receive either soy formula (group A) or the KY diet (group B) for 14 days. Group A also received the KY diet in addition to formula for days 8 through 14. Twenty-nine @entity1 did not complete the study because of severe @entity281 (13) or their family's decision to leave the study early (9 in group A and 7 in group B). Sixty-six @entity1 successfully completed the study protocol; there were five clinical failures in group A and two in group B. On a comparable caloric intake, there was a significantly lower stool volume (group B: 38 +/- 16 [mean +/- SD] vs group A: 64 +/- 75 g/kg per day, P less than .05) and frequency (B: 4.4 +/- 2.0 vs. A: 6.6 +/- 4.2 stools per day, P less than .005) in @entity1 fed KY during the first week of therapy. Group B @entity1 also had a significantly greater weight gain than @entity1 in group A during the first week (B: 468 +/- 373 g/wk vs A: 68 +/- 286 g/wk, P less than .005).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Dietary management of persistent @entity294 : comparison of a traditional XXXX -lentil based diet with soy formula.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

answer: @entity579 :: (4530,Species) :: ['rice']


abstract: @entity177 is the most frequent complication of @entity101 ( @entity101 ). The initiation of effective @entity551 treatment is generally followed by a rapid improvement of renal functions, but the long-term evolution has been only rarely studied. A group of 30 @entity1 was retrospectively selected on the following criteria: Malignant @entity101 : mean @entity45118 138 +/- 20 mmHg, hypertensive @entity989 stage III-IV; Early @entity177 : mean Inulin clearance ( @entity8046 ) 66 +/- 26 ml/min, mean @entity2556 clearance ( @entity8045 ) 364 +/- 161 ml/min; Clinical and functional follow-up ranging from 5 to 18 years. Among these @entity1 , two groups were defined according to the quality of BP control: good or fair responders (GR) with a @entity45118 always less than 110 mmHg, poor responders (PR) with a @entity45118 occasionally greater than or equal to 110 mmHg. The results show in the two groups an improvement of @entity8046 at 3 years, followed by a stabilization then a decrease after the 6th year. However the early improvement is significantly lower in PR. Despite similar initial values (GR = 54.7 +/- 31.3; PR = 51.4 +/- 13.2), @entity8046 remains always lower in PR (at 9 years = GR 72.4 +/- 30.6; PR 56.0 +/- 19.8). During the first 3 years, @entity8045 increases in GR, whereas it decreases in PR, resulting in significantly different values at 3 years. At 9 years, @entity8045 remains improved in GR (329.1 +/- 109.3 vs 281.7 +/- 173.8 initially) but decreased in PR (256.0 +/- 166.9 vs 307.3 +/- 119.5 initially). The parallel improvement of @entity8046 and @entity8045 in GR confirms a favorable effect of BP control on early @entity455 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Course of renal function in XXXX . Effect of treatment. Study of 30 cases followed for 5 to 18 years].

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular lesions']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'MHT', 'malignant hypertension']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['Renal insufficiency', 'renal insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['retinopathy']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotensive']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['malignant hypertension']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Inhaled @entity6701 ( @entity3759 ) nanoparticles (NPs) can have negative health effects, and have been shown to cause respiratory tract @entity5 in @entity35 . @entity32 has been linked to oxidative stress, and both have been described as possible mechanisms for genotoxicity of NPs, but rarely examined side-by-side in animal studies. In the present study, a wide range of complementary endpoints have been performed to study @entity3759 P25   NP-induced genotoxicity in lung overload and non-overload conditions. Additionally, lung burden, @entity32 , @entity137 and oxidative stress have also been evaluated in order to link genotoxicity with these responses. To assess quick and delayed responses after recovery, endpoints were evaluated at two time points: 2   hours and 35 days after 3 repeated instillations. This study confirmed the previously described lung overload threshold at approximately 200-300   cm(2) of lung burden for total particle surface area lung deposition or 4.2   L/kg for volume-based cumulative lung exposure dose, above which lung clearance is impaired and @entity32 is induced. Our results went on to show that these overload doses induced delayed genotoxicity in lung, associated with persistent @entity32 only at the highest dose. The lowest tested doses had no @entity137 or genotoxicity effects in the lung. In blood, no lymphocyte DNA damage, erythrocytes chromosomal damage or gene mutation could be detected. Our data also demonstrated that only overload doses induced liver DNA lesions irrespective of the recovery time. Tested doses of @entity3759 P25 NPs did not induce @entity2041 changes in lung, blood or liver at both recovery times.

title: Study of @entity3759 P25 nanoparticles genotoxicity on lung, blood and liver cells in lung overload and non-overload conditions after repeated respiratory exposure in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['Inflammation', 'inflammation']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity2041 :: ('MESH:D005978', 'Chemical') :: ['glutathione']

entities_list: @entity6701 :: ('MESH:C009495', 'Chemical') :: ['titanium dioxide']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: Most @entity649 studies have been focused on the @entity651 . Little is known about other organs during the development of @entity649 . Herein, we investigated the @entity204 in multiple organs after @entity63 -reperfusion (IIR) in C57BL/6 @entity19 . @entity60799 @entity1977 nick end labeling staining was used as a marker of cell death. @entity185 and @entity19292 activation as markers of caspase-dependent and caspase-independent apoptosis, respectively, and electron microscopy for ultimate characterization of cell death were used. In comparison with control and sham-operated @entity19 , the IIR group showed interstitial inflammatory infiltrates in the lung and significant @entity651 parameters and plasma @entity880 dehydrogenase and @entity492 aminotransferase levels. @entity60799 @entity1977 nick end labeling-positive cells and immunostaining for @entity10183 , an enzyme induced by inflammatory stimuli, were increased in the lung, heart, and kidney, but not in the liver. The number of @entity10183 -positive cells positively and significantly correlated to the number of @entity60799 @entity1977 nick end labeling-positive cells. Cell death was not associated with @entity185 or @entity19292 activation. Electron microscopy showed morphological features compatible with oncotic rather than apoptotic cell death or @entity39 , including @entity2383 and cytoplasm disorganization in pulmonary and renal epithelial cells, lung and cardiac endothelial cells, and myocytes. These results indicate that, although @entity651 is the most significant manifestation after IIR, oncotic cell death occurs in the lung, heart, and kidney, which may be related to @entity63 and @entity32 .

title: XXXX -reperfusion-induced acute lung injury and oncotic cell death in multiple organs.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal ischemia', 'ischemia']

entities_list: @entity649 :: ('MESH:D012128', 'Disease') :: ['acute respiratory distress syndrome']

entities_list: @entity60799 :: ('54125(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['Terminal transferase', 'terminal transferase']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity651 :: ('MESH:D055370', 'Disease') :: ['lung injury', 'increases of lung injury']

entities_list: @entity492 :: ('CHEBI:29995', 'Chemical') :: ['aspartate']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['injury and cell death']

entities_list: @entity2383 :: ('MESH:D028361', 'Disease') :: ['mitochondrial swelling']

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['Intestinal ischemia']


abstract: AIM: The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) is one of the most widely used instruments for measuring the severity of @entity308 . However, there has been no prospective study to investigate the long-term outcome in @entity1 admitted to @entity0 Units. @entity1 AND METHODS: In the Kuopio @entity0 Study, @entity1 with breast symptoms were evaluated for total BDI score before any diagnostic procedures were carried out. The @entity4557 ( @entity4557 ) was calculated from the time of diagnosis to the time of first relapse including local relapse, @entity0 (BC) or metastatic disease. The @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) was assessed as the time from the date of diagnosis to the date of last follow-up or death of the @entity1 . The effect of the BDI on the @entity4557 and on the @entity1349 were calculated by the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and the difference between the groups was assessed by the log-rank test. The @entity4557 and @entity1349 was estimated for the study groups with a low BDI score (<8) versus those with a high BDI score (>= 8). The end-point of our study was to determine differences in long-term outcome and in BDI score in individuals with BC, @entity1558 ( @entity1558 ) and in healthy study subjects (HSS). RESULTS: In the Cox proportional hazard model, the total BDI score significantly predicted the 25-year @entity4557 and @entity1349 in the HSS, @entity1558 and BC groups combined (Hazard Ratio=1.87, p=0.039; Hazard Ratio=1.98, p=0.048, respectively), and in the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis with the log-rank test, the total BDI score predicted the 25-year @entity4557 and @entity1349 in the HSS, @entity1558 and BC groups combined (p=0.043; p=0.036, respectively). CONCLUSION: The BDI is a significant predictor of long-term outcome among @entity1 admitted to the @entity0 Unit in Finland.

title: Beck Depression Inventory as a Predictor of Long-term Outcome Among XXXX Admitted to the @entity0 Unit: A 25-year Cohort Study in Finland.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity4557 :: ('MESH:D012008', 'Disease') :: ['RFS', 'relapse-free survival']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['Breast Cancer', 'contralateral breast cancer', 'Breast Cancer Diagnosis']

entities_list: @entity1558 :: ('MESH:D001941', 'Disease') :: ['benign breast disease', 'BBD']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Derangements of @entity413 metabolism are common among critically ill @entity1 . @entity3124 ( @entity3124 ) is characterized by raised blood @entity413 levels in association with an acute event that is reversible after resolution of the underlying disease. @entity3124 has many causes, such as changes in counter-regulatory hormone status, release of sepsis mediators, insulin resistance, drugs and nutritional factors. It is associated with increased mortality risk. This association appears to be strongly influenced by @entity6 as a comorbidity, suggesting the need for an accurate individualization of glycemic targets according to baseline glycemic status. @entity4053 is also very common in this clinical context and it has a negative prognostic impact. Many studies based on intensive insulin treatment protocols targeting normal blood @entity413 values have in fact documented both an increased incidence of @entity4053 and an increased mortality risk. Finally, glycemic control in the ICU is made even more complex in the presence of @entity810 . On one hand, there is in fact a reduction of both the renal clearance of insulin and of gluconeogenesis by the kidney. On the other hand, the frequent need for renal replacement therapy (dialysis / hemofiltration) may result in an energy intake excess, under the form of @entity1792 , @entity880 and @entity413 in the dialysate/reinfusion fluids. With regard to the possible renal protective effects afforded by intensive glycemic control protocols, the presently available evidence does not support a reduction in the incidence of AKI and/or the need for RRT with this approach, when compared with standard @entity413 control. Thus, the most recent guidelines now suggest higher blood @entity413 targets (<180 mg/dl or 140-180 mg/dl) than in the past (80-110 mg/dl). Albeit with limited evidence, it seems reasonable to extend these indications also to @entity1 with AKI in the intensive care unit. Further studies are needed in order to better ascertain the effects of dysglycemia on the outcome of @entity1 with AKI.

title: [Disglycemia in XXXX with @entity810 in the ICU].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity3124 :: ('MESH:D016638', 'Disease') :: ['CIAH', 'Critical illness- associated hyperglycemia']

entities_list: @entity4053 :: ('MESH:D007003', 'Disease') :: ['Hypoglycemia', 'hypoglycemia']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['acute kidney injury']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Severe @entity740 is a major limitation for endovascular @entity449 repair (EVAR). The aim of this study is to assess the safety and accuracy of fusion imaging, when performing EVAR in the absence of pre- and intra-operative contrast agents. METHODS: From October 2013 to February 2014, every @entity1 requiring EVAR and presenting with severe chronic @entity8 underwent a specific pre-operative imaging assessment, based on a non-enhanced CT scan. Centrelines were manually extracted and key points were placed at the landing zones. In house software makes it possible to artificially enhance the contrast between vascular structures and the surrounding tissue, by increasing the values attributed to the vascular structure voxels (500 Hounsfield units). EVAR was performed in a hybrid room (Zeego, @entity5377 ), and the artificially enhanced CT scan was used for the construction of fusion imaging. The 3D vascular volume, together with the centrelines and key points, was overlaid onto the 2D live fluoroscopic image. RESULTS: Six @entity1 (mean age 77.1 years) were treated by EVAR (5 @entity439 ), using fusion imaging without a contrast agent. The median pre-operative estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was 17.5  mL/min/1.73  m(2). No contrast was used during the procedure. No @entity1070 was observed on the duplex scan. No deterioration was observed in the eGFR at 1 week (eGFR  =  21.7, p  =  .49), nor at 1 month follow up (eGFR  =  21, p  =  .28). The stent graft positioning error was assessed in terms of the difference between the effective and planned landing zones, measured on pre- and post-operative CT scans. The mean error was 1.3  mm at the proximal landing zone, and 6.5  mm at the distal landing zone. CONCLUSION: EVAR without the use of pre-operative and intra-operative contrast agents appears to be safe and accurate for @entity1 with severe @entity740 .

title: Safety and Accuracy of XXXX Repair Without Pre-operative and Intra-operative Contrast Agent.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal impairment']

entities_list: @entity449 :: ('MESH:D001014', 'Disease') :: ['aortic aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity1070 :: ('MESH:D057867', 'Disease') :: ['intra-operative endoleak']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['chronic kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal aneurysms and 1 thoracic aneurysm']

answer: @entity439 :: (MESH:D000783,Disease) :: ['Endovascular Aneurysm']


abstract: PURPOSE: The aim of this paper is to report the treatment of @entity5426 . @entity1168 ( @entity1168 ) brachytherapy with an individual mold applicator is presented. CASE DESCRIPTION: A case of a 75-year-old male will be presented with @entity75 over the scalp in the temple and crown region. Biopsy diagnosis was @entity5426 , nonoperable. The @entity1 was qualified for chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy. DISCUSSION: @entity5426 of the scalp is a @entity146 . The main aim of the treatment of @entity5426 is local control of the @entity5 . Most cases are treated with wide excision surgery. The use of surgery with adjuvant radiotherapy or chemotherapy is recommended in some cases. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy are suggested in the recurrent or extensive lesions with regional or distant @entity3 . Radiation therapy can be realized with external beam therapy or brachytherapy. @entity1168 brachytherapy is an effective, adequate, well tolerated by @entity1 treatment method. In every case, an individual approach is needed. CONCLUSIONS: The @entity1168 brachytherapy technique is useful and practicable. The advantages of brachytherapy are: targeted dose distribution, low integral dose, and short time of treatment. The mold @entity1168 brachytherapy treatment using an individual applicator was an appropriate tool for the presented @entity1 .

title: XXXX of the scalp: a case report.

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['very aggressive tumor']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['multicentric lesions']

entities_list: @entity5426 :: ('MESH:D006394', 'Disease') :: ['angiosarcoma', 'Angiosarcoma', 'angiosarcoma of the scalp']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity1168 :: ('MESH:D001919', 'Disease') :: ['HDR', 'High-dose-rate']

answer: @entity5426 :: (MESH:D006394,Disease) :: ['Angiosarcoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: The early detection of focal hepatic lesions using ultrasound scanning is challenging, and this challenge becomes even greater in the presence of diffuse parenchymal disease. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of elastography and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) in the early detection of hepatocellular lesions in an experimental @entity35 model of @entity1561 ( @entity1561 ). METHODS: B-mode and Doppler ultrasonography was performed weekly in 30 @entity35 divided into a @entity1561 group (n  =  20) and a group without @entity409 (n  =  10). The animals underwent elastography and CEUS and were then euthanized. Liver nodules were assessed by histopathology. RESULTS: Doppler mapping results of lesions with vascularization were considered indicative of @entity5 , with a sensitivity of 29% before and 71% after contrast injection. The specificity was 71% before and 96% after CEUS. Elastograms of positive lesions showed areas of high stiffness, which were indicative of @entity5 . This @entity5 was confirmed by the histologic evaluation, with a sensitivity of 90% and a specificity of 60%. After CEUS analysis, 4 nodules were identified that were not observed on B-mode ultrasonography. Early wash-in was significantly associated with @entity5 (sensitivity of 88% and specificity of 67%). CONCLUSIONS: Both techniques allow for the correct diagnosis of well-differentiated to moderately differentiated @entity157 with good accuracy in an experimental @entity35 model of @entity1561 .

title: Elastography and Contrast-enhanced Ultrasonography in the Early Detection of @entity157 in an Experimental Model of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver disease']

entities_list: @entity1561 :: ('MESH:D065626', 'Disease') :: ['NASH', 'nonalcoholic steatohepatitis']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['hepatocellular carcinomas']

answer: @entity1561 :: (MESH:D065626,Disease) :: ['Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis']


abstract: IMPORTANCE: With multiple and increasingly effective therapies for relapsing forms of @entity15 ( @entity15 ), disease-free status or no evidence of disease activity (NEDA) has become a treatment goal and a new outcome measure. However, the persistence of NEDA over time and its predictive power for long-term prognosis are unknown. OBJECTIVE: To investigate NEDA during 7 years as measured by relapses, disability progression, and yearly magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). DESIGN, SETTING, AND @entity1 : @entity1 were selected from the 2200- @entity1 Comprehensive Longitudinal Investigation of @entity15 at Brigham and @entity1 's Hospital (CLIMB) cohort study. @entity1 were required to have an initial diagnosis of @entity922 or relapsing-remitting @entity15 and a minimum of 7 years of prospective follow-up that included yearly brain MRI and biannual clinical visits (n   =   219). @entity1 were analyzed independent of disease-modifying therapy. @entity1 were classified as having early (recent-onset) @entity15 if they were 5 years or less from their first @entity15 symptom at enrollment or otherwise considered to have established @entity15 (>5 years from onset). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: NEDA was defined as a composite that consisted of absence of relapses, no sustained Expanded Disability Status Scale score progression, and no new or enlarging T2 or T1 @entity2287 -enhancing lesions on annual MRI. Relapses, progression, and MRI changes were also investigated as individual outcomes. RESULTS: A total of 99 of 215 @entity1 (46.0%) had NEDA for clinical and MRI measures at 1 year, but only 17 of 216 (7.9%) maintained NEDA status after 7 years. No differences were found in NEDA status between @entity1 with early vs established @entity15 . A dissociation was found between clinical and MRI disease activity. Each year, 30.6% (64 of 209) to 42.9% (93 of 217) of the cohort had evidence of either clinical or MRI disease activity but not both. NEDA at 2 years had a positive predictive value of 78.3% for no progression (Expanded Disability Status Scale score change  <=0.5) at 7 years. Only minor improvement was found in the positive predictive values with additional follow-up of 1 to 3 years. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: NEDA is difficult to sustain long term even with treatment. NEDA status at 2 years may be optimal in terms of prognostic value in the longer term. Our results provide a basis for investigating NEDA as an outcome measure and treatment goal and for evaluating the effect of new @entity15 drugs on NEDA.

title: Evaluation of no evidence of disease activity in a 7-year XXXX cohort.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'Women', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity2287 :: ('MESH:D005682', 'Chemical') :: ['gadolinium']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['MS', 'Multiple Sclerosis', 'multiple sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity922 :: ('MESH:D013568', 'Disease') :: ['clinically isolated syndrome']

answer: @entity15 :: (MESH:D009103,Disease) :: ['longitudinal multiple sclerosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Mild @entity73 in early @entity191 ( @entity191 ) has been widely studied. Here we have examined the effects of memantine in preventing @entity2414 in experimental @entity191 models and elucidated some of the underlying mechanisms. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACHES: I.p. injection of 1-methyl-4- phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydro pyridine (MPTP) in C57BL/6 @entity19 was used to produce models of @entity191 . We used behavioural tasks to test memory. In vitro, we used slices of hippocampus, with electrophysiological, Western blotting, real time PCR, elisa and immunochemical techniques. KEY RESULTS: Following MPTP injection, long-term memory was impaired and these changes were prevented by pre-treatment with memantine. In hippocampal slices from MPTP treated @entity19 , long-term potentiation (LTP) -induced by    burst stimulation (10 bursts, 4 pulses) was decreased, while long-term @entity308 (LTD) induced by low-frequency stimulation (1   Hz, 900 pulses) was enhanced, compared with control values. A single dose of memantine (i.p., 10   mg  kg(-1) ) reversed the decreased LTP and the increased LTD in this @entity191 model. Activity-dependent changes in @entity26304 ( @entity26304 ), @entity30227 and @entity9140 ( @entity9140 ) expression were decreased in slices from @entity19 after MPTP treatment. These effects were reversed by pretreatment with memantine. Incubation of slices in vitro with 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+) ) decreased depolarization-induced expression of @entity9140 . This effect was prevented by pretreatment of slices with memantine or with calpain inhibitor III, suggesting the involvement of an overactivated calcium signalling pathway. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: Memantine should be useful in preventing @entity2414 and hippocampal synaptic plasticity in @entity191 models.

title: MPTP-induced changes in hippocampal synaptic plasticity and memory are prevented by memantine through the @entity9140 - XXXX pathway.

entities_list: @entity9140 :: ('12064(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['BDNF', 'brain-derived neurotrophic factor']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive deficit']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease", 'PD']

entities_list: @entity26304 :: ('18212(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['TrkB', 'tyrosine kinase receptor B']

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['memory deficit', 'loss of memory']

answer: @entity26304 :: (18212(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['TrkB']


abstract: Our objective was to identify possible differences in protease inhibitor plasma concentrations between and within three protease inhibitor regimens ( @entity5190 , @entity485 and @entity5195 all in combination with low-dose @entity486 ) and to relate these differences to safety and efficacy. Data originated from pre-defined pharmacokinetic substudies within two randomized 48-week trials evaluating the safety and efficacy of three protease inhibitor regimens. At weeks 4 and 48, plasma was collected and minimum drug plasma concentrations, C(min), were obtained. Out of 656 randomized @entity1 , 283 @entity1 had available C(min) at week 4. @entity5190 , @entity485 and @entity5195 C(min) were high when combined with low-dose @entity486 . No significant difference in the proportion of @entity1 experiencing treatment failure could be found according to the C(min) within any treatment arm. A @entity485 C(min) > 2000 ng/ml was associated with an increased risk of gastrointestinal grade 3 or 4 adverse events and higher total @entity165 . Overall, there were no changes in C(min) from week 4 to week 48 in @entity1 who remained on therapy. No association between treatment failure and the C(min) could be demonstrated. Associations between high C(min) and @entity137 were identified in the @entity485 arm; therefore, dose reductions may be appropriate in certain @entity1 with C(min) several times above the minimum effective concentration.

title: Pharmacokinetics of two randomized trials evaluating the safety and efficacy of @entity5190 , @entity485 and @entity5195 in combination with low-dose XXXX : the MaxCmin1 and 2 trials.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity5190 :: ('MESH:D019469', 'Chemical') :: ['indinavir', 'Indinavir']

entities_list: @entity485 :: ('MESH:D019258', 'Chemical') :: ['saquinavir']

entities_list: @entity5195 :: ('MESH:D061466', 'Chemical') :: ['lopinavir']

entities_list: @entity486 :: ('MESH:D019438', 'Chemical') :: ['ritonavir']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity486 :: (MESH:D019438,Chemical) :: ['ritonavir']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to test the hypothesis that monitored outpatient management of mild @entity101 remote from term reduces maternal hospitalization without adversely affecting maternal and perinatal outcome. STUDY DESIGN: Five hundred ninety-two @entity1 at 24 to 36 weeks' gestation with mild @entity101 were monitored on an outpatient basis with four times daily automated blood pressure measurement and daily assessment of weight, @entity644 , and fetal movement. Maternal and perinatal outcomes were compared with previously published results from inpatient management of mild @entity101 . RESULTS: The mean gestational age at enrollment was 32.5 +/- 3.2 weeks with a mean gestational age at delivery of 36.7 +/- 3.6 weeks. The mean pregnancy prolongation was 27.4 +/- 3.3 days, which is similar to previously reported inpatient studies. The mean antepartum hospitalization for all @entity1 during management was only 1.7 days. Three pregnancies were complicated by abruptio placentae, six by the syndrome of @entity2142 , elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet count, and none by eclampsia. The mean birth weight was 2757 +/- 555 gm, with a birth weight of > or = 2000 gm achieved in 84% of managed @entity1 . Eighty-seven percent of @entity1 required a newborn hospitalization of < or = 7 days. Fifty-four percent of @entity1 with significant @entity644 at enrollment were delivered at < 37.0 weeks' gestation, whereas only 29% of @entity1 without @entity644 were delivered prematurely. The corrected perinatal mortality rate was 3.4 in 1000 total births. CONCLUSION: Properly monitored outpatient management of mild @entity101 remote from term reduces the number of days of maternal hospitalization with similar maternal and perinatal outcome compared with previously published results from inpatient management.

title: Monitored outpatient management of mild XXXX remote from term.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['gestational hypertension']

entities_list: @entity2142 :: ('MESH:D006461', 'Disease') :: ['hemolysis']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['gestational hypertension']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: It has been hypothesized that the relatively rare @entity74 ( @entity74 ) may be a useful model of the more frequent, sporadic, late-onset @entity195 (LOAD). Individuals with @entity74 have a predictable age at onset and the biomarker profile of @entity74 @entity1 in the preclinical stage may be used to predict disease progression and clinical onset. However, the extent to which the pathogenesis and neuropathology of @entity74 overlaps with that of LOAD is equivocal. To address this uncertainty, two multicenter longitudinal observational studies, the @entity195 Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) and the Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer Network (DIAN), leveraged the expertise and resources of the existing Knight @entity195 Research Center (ADRC) at Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA, to establish a @entity12740 ( @entity12740 ). The ADNI/DIAN- @entity12740 is systematically examining the brains of all @entity1 who come to autopsy at the 59 ADNI sites in the USA and Canada and the 14 DIAN sites in the USA (eight), Australia (three), UK (one) and Germany (two). By 2014, 41 ADNI and 24 DIAN autopsies (involving nine @entity1 and 15 family members) had been performed. The autopsy rate in the ADNI cohort in the most recent year was 93% (total since @entity12740 inception: 70%). In summary, the ADNI/DIAN @entity12740 has implemented a standard protocol for all sites to solicit permission for brain autopsy and to send brain tissue to the @entity12740 for a standardized, uniform and state-of-the-art neuropathologic assessment. The benefit to ADNI and DIAN of the implementation of the @entity12740 is very clear. The @entity12740 provides final "gold standard" neuropathological diagnoses and data against which the antecedent observations and measurements of ADNI and DIAN can be compared.

title: Neuropathologic assessment of @entity1 in two multi-center longitudinal observational studies: The XXXX Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) and the Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer Network (DIAN).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity12740 :: ('MESH:D020512', 'Disease') :: ['Neuropathology Core', 'NPC']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['ADAD', 'autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['Alzheimer Disease', 'AD']

answer: @entity195 :: (MESH:D000544,Disease) :: ['Alzheimer Disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Percutaneous peripheral arterial intervention (PPAI) has emerged as an effective and less invasive alternative to surgery for peripheral @entity455 (PAD), however, data on gender differences in outcome of PPAI, especially in the stent era, are limited. The purpose of this study was to assess the gender differences on in-hospital outcomes of @entity1 undergoing PPAI. METHODS: We analyzed data on 268 consecutive @entity1 ( @entity1 : 122; @entity1 : 146) who underwent PPAI for PAD between October 2001 and January 2004. A total of 405 lesions ( @entity1 : 184; @entity1 : 221) were treated. RESULTS: Background characteristics were similar except for less prevalent prior coronary intervention in @entity1 (18.0% versus 28.8%; p = 0.04), and more prevalent current smokers in @entity1 (22.1% versus 12.3%; p = 0.03). Upper extremities interventions were performed more often in @entity1 (9.2% versus 3.2%; p = 0.01). Procedure success was achieved in 89.3% of @entity1 and 89.7% of @entity1 (p = NS). In-hospital mortality was similar between @entity1 and @entity1 (1.6% versus 0.7%; p = NS). However, @entity548 occurred more frequently in @entity1 (7.4% versus 0.7%; p = 0.006). The blood transfusion rate was significantly higher in @entity1 (6.6% versus 0.7%; p = 0.013). Female gender was the only independent predictor of @entity548 (OR = 12.2; 95% CI = 1.39-111.1; p = 0.024). CONCLUSIONS: Percutaneous intervention for PAD can be performed in @entity1 with similar success rates as in @entity1 , albeit with a greater than 10-fold higher risk of @entity548 .

title: Impact of gender on in-hospital outcomes following contemporary percutaneous intervention for peripheral XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['arterial disease']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhagic complications']

answer: @entity455 :: (MESH:D014652,Disease) :: ['arterial disease']


abstract: To determine whether associations of elevated resting pulse rate with CHD incidence or @entity204 in white @entity1 are independent of other risk factors and whether such associations exist for @entity1 and blacks, data were examined from the NHANES I Epidemiologic Follow-up Study. Over a follow-up period of 6 to 13 years, elevated RR for CHD incidence were found for older white @entity1 with baseline pulse greater than 84 beats/min compared with less than 74 beats/min after controlling multiple risk factors (RR = 1.37, 95% CL 1.02, 1.84). Risks of @entity204 from all causes, @entity65 , and @entity66 were also elevated for white @entity1 with elevated pulse rate independent of other risk factors. CHD incidence was increased in white @entity1 with elevated pulse rate. Risks of @entity204 from all causes, @entity65 , and @entity66 , were also elevated for white @entity1 with elevated pulse rate independent of other risk factors. CHD incidence was increased in white @entity1 with elevated pulse rate. Risk of @entity204 from all causes and @entity65 was elevated in black @entity1 and @entity1 with elevated pulse rate. Risk of @entity204 from noncardiovascular disease was elevated in black @entity1 with elevated pulse rate. The association with @entity65 was particularly striking in black @entity1 , even after adjusting for baseline risk factors (RR 3.03, 95% CL 1.46, 6.28). Further studies are needed to assess associations of pulse rate with CHD in blacks and to elucidate mechanisms in all groups.

title: Pulse rate, coronary heart disease, and XXXX : the NHANES I Epidemiologic Follow-up Study.

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular death', 'cardiovascular diseases']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['noncardiovascular diseases']

answer: @entity204 :: (MESH:D003643,Disease) :: ['death']


abstract: Emergence of @entity2858 drug resistance limits effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy (ART). Since 2004 Georgia provides free ART to all @entity1 in need. We aimed to evaluate drug resistance patterns of Georgian @entity2858 variants among @entity1 with virologic failure. Study included adult @entity2858 @entity1 , who experienced virologic failure and were found to carry drug resistant strains based on genotypic resistance testing in 2005-2013. @entity2858 pol gene sequences were examined for the presence of resistance-associated mutations. Stanford @entity645 Sequence Database was used for interpretation of resistance data. A total 193 @entity1 were included in the study. Among them majority (86.5%) carried subtype A virus and nearly 80% were on Efavirenz-based regimen. The most common @entity8742 reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) mutation was @entity19899 - 86.0% (n=166). The most frequent non- @entity8742 reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) mutation was @entity24616 , found in 105 (54.4%) of samples. Other significant NNRTI mutations included @entity24611 (31.6%, n=61), @entity19898 (30.1%, n=58) and Y181CI (26.9%, n=52). The prevalence of @entity24616 was 62.3% in subtype A viruses compared to 3.8% in non-A variants (p<0.0001). Frequency of @entity24611 was also significantly higher in subtype A (36.5% vs. 0%, p<0.0001). ). In 69 samples @entity24616 co-occurred with either @entity24611 or @entity24606 or with both: 39 genotypes @entity24616 / @entity24611 ; 10 genotypes @entity24616 /Y181CI and 20 genotypes @entity24616 / @entity24611 /Y181CI. High prevalence of @entity24616 and K101 mutations suggests subtype A specific response to currently approved first-line NNRTIs. Frequent co-occurrence of @entity24616 with @entity24606 and @entity24611 may limit the use of novel generation NNRTIs in subtype A infected @entity1 with previous exposure to this drug class.

title: Distinct drug resistance profile of XXXX subtype A strain circulating in Georgia.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity2858 :: (11676,Species) :: ['HIV-1']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 6574 Background: Updated @entity74 ( @entity74 ) and duration of response (DR) are reported for responders from a multicenter phase I/II dose-escalation trial of (90)Y ibritumomab tiuxetan (Zevalin  ) in 51 @entity1 (pts) with relapsed or refractory @entity2225 + B-cell @entity1893 . METHODS: 5 pts were treated at a dose of 0.2 mCi/kg, 15 at 0.3 mCi/kg, and 30 at 0.4 mCi/kg; 1 pt was not treated. Maximum tolerated dose (MTD) was 0.4 mCi/kg for pts with baseline platelets (plts) >=  150,000/ L (0.3 mCi/kg for plts 100,000-149,000/ L). Maximum dose for all pts was 32 mCi. Median age was 60 years (yrs) (range, 24-82). Median time from diagnosis to treatment was 3.8 yrs (range, 0.7-33.1). Median number of prior chemotherapy regimens was 2 (range, 1-7); 47 pts (92%) had received an @entity5948 . 10 pts (20%) were resistant to prior chemotherapy. At study entry, 59% of pts had >=  1 @entity5 mass >=  5 cm; 43% had bone marrow involvement. RESULTS: @entity74 and DR in responders were updated, response rates (RR) reported at all dose levels by International Workshop Response Criteria. Complete response (CR), CR unconfirmed (CRu), and partial response (PR) rates were 29%, 22%, and 22%, respectively, for an overall RR (ORR) of 73% (51% CR/CRu). ORR in pts with @entity706 ( @entity706 ) was 85% (58% CR/CRu, 27% PR). @entity74 and DR in all responders were 12.6 months (mos) and 11.7 mos, respectively. At MTD, @entity74 and DR in complete responders (CR/CRu) were 28.3 and 27.5 mos, respectively. 9 pts (24% of responders) had @entity74 >3 yrs; 5 had @entity706 and 4 had @entity4812 ( @entity4812 ). 5 pts ( @entity706 , 3; @entity4812 , 2) are still in CR (range, 60+-74+ mos). CONCLUSIONS: (90)Y ibritumomab tiuxetan produces high RRs and durable responses in pts with relapsed or refractory B-cell @entity1893 . Durable responses >5 years have been seen in @entity706 and @entity4812 . Because most relapses in @entity4812 occur early, the 2 @entity4812 pts with durable remissions might be cured. This observation provides the basis for further studies to define the efficacy of (90)Y ibritumomab tiuxetan in relapsed @entity4812 . [Table: see text].

title: Long-term follow-up of a phase I/II trial of radioimmunotherapy (RIT) with yttrium 90 ((90)Y) ibritumomab tiuxetan for XXXX + B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma ( @entity1893 ).

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['FL', 'follicular lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity5948 :: ('D018943', 'Chemical') :: ['anthracycline']

entities_list: @entity4812 :: ('MESH:D016403', 'Disease') :: ['DLCL', 'diffuse large cell lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['TTP', 'time to disease progression']

answer: @entity2225 :: (54474,Gene) :: ['CD20']


abstract: @entity706 is seen in up to 30% of @entity1 with @entity1071 ( @entity1071 ), but @entity12513 related with @entity1071 after cure of @entity2109 is rarely reported. We describe a case of a 5-year-old @entity1 with @entity1071 who developed @entity12513 two years after cure of @entity2109 . He had @entity2109 at the age of 3 years and received chemotherapy ( @entity1893 -Berlin-Frankfurt-Milan-90 protocol plus rituximab), which induced complete remission over the following two years. At the age of 5 years, the @entity1 first developed @entity10 , @entity391 , and then intellectual and motorial retrogression. His condition was not improved after anti- @entity281 , dehydration, or @entity619 therapy. No @entity5 cells were found in his cerebrospinal fluid. Magnetic resonance imaging showed multiple non-homogeneous, hypodense masses along the bilateral cortex. Pathology after biopsy revealed @entity1373 of neurogliocytes and vessels, accompanied by lymphocyte infiltration but no @entity5 cell infiltration. Despite aggressive treatment, his cognition and motor functions deteriorated in response to progressive cerebral changes. The @entity1 is presently in a vegetative state. We present this case to inform clinicians of association between @entity706 and @entity465 and explore an optimal treatment for @entity706 @entity1 with compromised immune system.

title: @entity706 and XXXX in association with @entity1071 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'boy']

entities_list: @entity1071 :: ('MESH:D008232', 'Disease') :: ['X-linked lymphoproliferative disease', 'XLP']

entities_list: @entity12513 :: ('MESH:D020293', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral vasculitis']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma', 'Lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity1373 :: ('MESH:D006965', 'Disease') :: ['hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity2109 :: ('MESH:D002051', 'Disease') :: ['Burkitt lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['dexamethasone']

entities_list: @entity465 :: ('MESH:D007153', 'Disease') :: ['immunodeficiency']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ["non-Hodgkin's lymphoma"]

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

answer: @entity12513 :: (MESH:D020293,Disease) :: ['cerebral vasculitis']


abstract: Several investigators have reported that hypocitraturia is frequent in @entity1 with @entity1290 . In these studies, however, glomerular filtration rate, @entity293 , sex, diet, time of day, and medications, all potentially influential variables, were uncontrolled. Fifteen @entity1 , aged 30-52 yr, with recurrent idiopathic @entity3835 stones and 15 normal age-matched @entity1 were studied. @entity1 with @entity2742 , @entity8 , reduced @entity1011 clearance (less than 80 ml . @entity1009 .73 M2), or @entity293 were excluded. Medications were stopped 2 weeks before the study began. A standard constant diet, furnishing 800 mg @entity460 and free of @entity1792 , was fed for 20 days. During the last 10 days, 4.5 g @entity4958 were given orally. Eight-hour collections of urine were analyzed for @entity460 and @entity1792 . Filtered load and net tubular reabsorption of @entity1792 were also calculated. The 24-h urinary excretion of @entity460 was elevated in eight stone formers, and @entity1792 excretion was depressed in seven. Five @entity1 were both @entity12233 anc hypocitraturic. The hypocitraturia resulted from excessive net tubular reabsorption of a normal filtered load of @entity1792 . Urinary @entity1792 was highest between 0800-1600 h, whereas @entity460 was highest between 1600-2400 h; both components were lowest between 2400-0800 h. The diurnal profiles of urinary @entity460 and @entity1792 were similar in the stone formers and in the normal @entity1 . Oral @entity4958 did not influence urinary @entity1792 in either group. These data suggest that in adult @entity1 , hypocitraturia may be a common predisposing factor for calcific @entity1790 .

title: Hypocitraturia in XXXX @entity1790 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal tubular acidosis']

entities_list: @entity4958 :: ('MESH:C102006', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium citrate']

entities_list: @entity3835 :: ('MESH:D002129', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium oxalate']

entities_list: @entity12233 :: ('MESH:C562793', 'Disease') :: ['hypercalciuric']

entities_list: @entity1290 :: ('MESH:D007669', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic kidney stones']

entities_list: @entity1790 :: ('MESH:D053040', 'Disease') :: ['nephrolithiasis']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity2742 :: ('MESH:D006961', 'Disease') :: ['hyperparathyroidism']

entities_list: @entity293 :: ('MESH:D014552', 'Disease') :: ['urinary tract infection', 'urinary infection']

answer: @entity460 :: (MESH:D002118,Chemical) :: ['calcium']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: e14028 Background: FIr-B/FOx association, consisting of triplet chemotherapy plus bevacizumab, can increase activity, efficacy and resection rate of liver metastases in MCRC @entity1 (Bruera G et al, BMC Cancer 2010). Even if Bevacizumab-containing chemotherapy is also active in @entity984 mutant (m) @entity1 , objective response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS) and @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) are lower compared to @entity984 wild-type (wt) @entity1 (Hurwitz et al, Oncologist 2009). Present data evaluates activity and efficacy of FIr-B/FOx according to @entity984 genotype. METHODS: FIr-B/FOx association consisted of @entity1487 associated to alternating @entity2600 /bevacizumab or @entity901 according to previously reported weekly schedule. @entity984 genotype was analyzed by direct sequencing or SNaPshot (Di Fiore et al, BJC 2007) for @entity984 codon 12 and 13 mutations. RESULTS: Forty-two tumoral samples of the 50 @entity1 (84%) enrolled in FIr-B/FOx trial were available: 25 @entity1 (59.5%) @entity984 wt, 17 @entity1 (40.5%) @entity984 m. Clinical features were balanced, except for Male/Female ratio: 16/9 and 9/8, respectively. In @entity984 evaluated @entity1 , activity and efficacy were equivalent to that previously reported: ORR 86% (C.I.    11), median PFS 13 months (3-46+), median @entity1349 28 months (8-47); liver metastasectomies (LM) 29% (12 @entity1 ), 46% of liver-MCRC @entity1 and 58% of liver-only @entity1 . In @entity984 wt: ORR 88% (C.I.    14), median PFS 14 months (3-46+), median @entity1349 31 months (8-47); LM 36% (9 @entity1 ), 56% of liver-MCRC @entity1 and 73% of liver-only @entity1 . In @entity984 m: ORR 82% (C.I.    19), median PFS 12 months (4-37+), median @entity1349 19 months (8-44); LM 18% (3 @entity1 ), 30% of liver-MCRC @entity1 and 37.5% of liver-only @entity1 . Median PFS and @entity1349 in liver-only @entity1 , respectively: @entity984 wt, 21 and 47 months; @entity984 m, 17 and 44 months. @entity984 m @entity1 showed a trend toward worse median @entity1349 . CONCLUSIONS: High efficacy of FIr-B/FOx is equivalent in @entity984 wt and m @entity1 ; ORR and PFS are particularly increased in @entity984 m @entity1 . Effectiveness of integrated intensive chemotherapy and secondary LM raises in liver-only MCRC @entity1 , independently from @entity984 genotype.

title: Effectiveness of triplet chemotherapy plus bevacizumab intensive regimen (FIr-B/FOx) and secondary liver surgery according to XXXX genotype in metastatic colorectal cancer (MCRC).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity901 :: ('MESH:C030110', 'Chemical') :: ['oxaliplatin']

entities_list: @entity2600 :: ('MESH:C051890', 'Chemical') :: ['irinotecan']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['5fluorouracil']

answer: @entity984 :: (3845,Gene) :: ['KRAS']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The risks of a high intraabdominal pressure during laparoscopy are poorly documented. These aspects were studied in a relevant nonhuman primate model, the @entity3474 ( @entity3474 , Papio cynocephalus). STUDY DESIGN: The animals used were to be killed at the completion of a vaccine project. They were anesthetized and intubated but allowed to breathe spontaneously. In group 1 (n = 10) a fixed intraabdominal pressure (between 10 and 35 cm @entity2507 [7 and 26 mm Hg]) was applied over 30 minutes. In group 2 (n = 7) the intraabdominal pressure was increased up to a maximum of 105 cm @entity2507 (77 mm Hg). Blood vessels of the parietal peritoneum and omentum were systematically opened from 30 cm @entity2507 (22 mm Hg) onward. Respiration and pulse rate were measured regularly, and the degree of @entity649 was assessed. After death of the @entity6599 a necropsy was carried out immediately to study the degree of lung atelectasis. RESULTS: In group 1 the respiration rate increased and the heart rate decreased. At an intraabdominal pressure of > or = 30 cm @entity2507 (22 mm Hg) moderate @entity649 was seen after 20 minutes. In group 2 one animal had a bilateral pneumothorax at a pressure of 60 cm @entity2507 (44 mm Hg) and died at 90 cm @entity2507 (66 mm Hg). Severe @entity649 was observed in the other six animals. @entity358 was present in only one of the five primates with moderate @entity649 of group 1 and in all @entity6599 of group 2. CONCLUSION: An increase of intraabdominal pressure up to 105 cm @entity2507 (77 mm Hg) combined with intraabdominal @entity1503 is not lethal in most @entity6599 .

title: High intraabdominal pressure: effects on clinical parameters and lung pathology in XXXX (Papio cynocephalus and @entity3474 ).

entities_list: @entity649 :: ('MESH:D012128', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory distress']

entities_list: @entity3474 :: ('9555', 'Species') :: ['baboon', 'Papio anubis']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['blood vessel injury']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['Severe lung atelectasis']

answer: @entity6599 :: (9557,Species) :: ['baboons']


abstract: Common adverse effects of angiogenesis inhibition are @entity101 and @entity8 . To determine the most optimal way to prevent these adverse effects and to explore their interdependency, the following drugs were investigated in unrestrained @entity35 Kyoto @entity35 exposed to the angiogenesis inhibitor @entity2240 : the dual endothelin receptor antagonist macitentan; the @entity460 channel blocker @entity3591 ; the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor @entity3371 ; and the @entity32040 inhibitor @entity7855 . Mean arterial pressure was monitored telemetrically. After 8 days, @entity35 were euthanized and blood samples and kidneys were collected. In addition, 24-hour urine samples were collected. After @entity2240 start, mean arterial pressure increased rapidly by    30 mm Hg. Coadministration of @entity19629 or @entity3591 largely prevented this rise, whereas @entity3371 or @entity7855 did not. @entity19629 , @entity3371 , and @entity7855 diminished the @entity2240 -induced @entity644 and endothelinuria and @entity8 , whereas @entity3591 did not. Changes in @entity644 and endothelinuria were unrelated. We conclude that in our experimental model, dual endothelin receptor antagonism and @entity460 channel blockade are suitable to prevent angiogenesis inhibition-induced @entity101 , whereas dual @entity32040 inhibition can prevent angiogenesis inhibition-induced @entity644 . Moreover, the variable response of @entity101 and @entity8 to different antihypertensive agents suggests that these side effects are, at least in part, unrelated.

title: Treatment of @entity101 and XXXX Induced by the Angiogenesis Inhibitor @entity2240 : Preclinical Study.

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['glomerular intraepithelial protein deposition', 'renal injury']

entities_list: @entity19629 :: ('MESH:C533860', 'Chemical') :: ['Macitentan', 'macitentan']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity2240 :: ('MESH:C473478', 'Chemical') :: ['sunitinib']

entities_list: @entity3371 :: ('CHEBI:3380', 'Chemical') :: ['captopril']

entities_list: @entity7855 :: ('MESH:C101426', 'Chemical') :: ['sildenafil']

entities_list: @entity3591 :: ('MESH:D017311', 'Chemical') :: ['amlodipine']

entities_list: @entity32040 :: ('171115(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['endothelin receptor antagonism, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, and phosphodiesterase type 5', 'phosphodiesterase type 5']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['Renal Injury']


abstract: @entity2600 , @entity1138 and @entity900 all demonstrate activity in @entity5 . This novel combination was administered to outpatients with previously untreated inoperable gastro-oesophageal or @entity788 , in a 28-day cycle. A total of 26 out of 31 @entity1 with @entity5 and 12 out of 14 @entity1 with @entity788 have been treated with this combination, and were evaluable for response. The overall response rates for @entity1 with @entity5 was 42%, with a median survival of 9.5 months. In @entity1 with @entity788 , the overall response rate was 42% with a median survival of 8 months. There was a statistically significant increase in survival between those @entity1 who achieved a stable disease response and those who achieved either a partial response or complete response. The @entity137 profiles for both @entity5 were virtually identical. There were five treatment-related @entity204 , and a high admission rate (42%). Thus @entity2600 , @entity1138 and @entity900 is a new combination with activity in inoperable @entity5 , but with a high @entity137 profile. Future developments include reducing the dose of @entity2600 and number of cycles of therapy to four.

title: @entity2600 , XXXX and @entity1138 in inoperable @entity788 - a new active regimen.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity2600 :: ('MESH:C051890', 'Chemical') :: ['Irinotecan', 'irinotecan']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['upper gastro-oesophageal cancers', 'cancers', 'gastro-oesophageal cancer', 'gastro-oesophageal cancers']

entities_list: @entity1138 :: ('MESH:D016685', 'Chemical') :: ['mitomycin']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

answer: @entity900 :: (MESH:D002945,Chemical) :: ['cisplatin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity7776 , @entity684 , and @entity685 are currently available in Germany for the prevention and treatment of @entity683 . We review their efficacy and side-effect profiles. METHODS: This review is based on pertinent @entity23 ( @entity23 ) and systematic reviews retrieved by a systematic literature search, and on other relevant literature. RESULTS: The efficacy of antiviral drugs for the prevention of symptomatic @entity683 ranges from 60% to 90% (number needed to treat [NNT], 8-89) depending on the population and type of drug in question. Antiviral drugs shorten the duration of illness by 0.5-1.5 days when given within 48 hours of the onset of symptoms. @entity689 inhibitors do not significantly lower the incidence of @entity3617 in adults, or of @entity2172 in @entity1 ; they do have a positive effect against reported, but not necessarily diagnostically confirmed @entity55 in adults (NNT, 89 [50-232]). The @entity23 yielded no information about possible effects on severe cases of @entity683 , or on mortality, as they included only mildly or moderately ill @entity1 , but observational studies have yielded some evidence of benefit. The most common side effects of @entity684 (>10%) are @entity10 , @entity390 , and @entity391 ; of @entity685 (>1%), a @entity1910 ; and of @entity7776 (>1%), @entity1277 , @entity390 , and central nervous effects. CONCLUSION: The benefits of antiviral drugs, particularly @entity689 inhibitors, outweigh their risks. In deciding whether to use them, physicians should consider the properties of the currently circulating viruses and the @entity1 's individual risk constellation, as directed in clinical treatment recommendations.

title: Antiviral Medications in Seasonal and Pandemic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity689 :: ('4758', 'Gene') :: ['neuraminidase', 'Neuraminidase']

entities_list: @entity3617 :: ('MESH:D001991', 'Disease') :: ['bronchitis']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity684 :: ('MESH:D053139', 'Chemical') :: ['oseltamivir']

entities_list: @entity2172 :: ('MESH:D010033', 'Disease') :: ['otitis media']

entities_list: @entity685 :: ('MESH:D053243', 'Chemical') :: ['zanamivir']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity683 :: ('MESH:D007251', 'Disease') :: ['influenza']

entities_list: @entity23 :: ('MESH:D007174', 'Disease') :: ['randomized and controlled trials', 'RCTs']

entities_list: @entity1277 :: ('MESH:D001068', 'Disease') :: ['loss of appetite']

entities_list: @entity7776 :: ('MESH:D000547', 'Chemical') :: ['amantadine', 'Amantadine']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

answer: @entity683 :: (MESH:D007251,Disease) :: ['Influenza']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Electrical cardioversion (ECV) is recommended for rhythm control in @entity1 with @entity943 ; yet, ECV use and outcomes in contemporary practice are unknown. We reviewed all nonemergent ECVs for @entity943 at a tertiary care center (2010 to 2013), stratifying @entity1 by transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) use before ECV and comparing demographics, history, vitals, and laboratory studies. Outcomes included @entity532 , rehospitalization, and @entity204 within 30  days. Overall, 1,017 @entity1 underwent ECV, 760 (75%) for @entity955 and 240 (24%) for @entity956 ; 633 underwent TEE before ECV and 384 did not. TEE recipients were more likely to be inpatients (74% vs 44%, p <0.001), have higher mean CHADS2 scores (2.6 vs 2.4, p  = 0.03), and lower mean international normalized ratios (1.2 vs 2.1, p <0.001). Overall, 89 @entity1 (8.8%) did not achieve sinus rhythm and 14 experienced procedural complications (1.4%). Within 30  days, 80 @entity1 (7.9%) underwent repeat ECV, 113 (11%) were rehospitalized, and 14 (1.4%) died. Although ECV success was more common in @entity1 who underwent TEE before ECV (77% vs 68%, p  = 0.01), there were no differences in 30-day @entity204 or rehospitalization rates (11.1% vs 13.0%, p  = 0.37). In multivariate analyses, higher pre-ECV heart rate was associated with increased rehospitalization or @entity204 (adjusted hazard ratio 1.15/10 beats/min, 95% confidence interval 1.07 to 1.24, p <0.001), whereas TEE use was associated with lower rates (adjusted hazard ratio 0.58, 95% confidence interval 0.39 to 0.86, p  = 0.007). In conclusion, failures, complications, and rehospitalization after nonemergent ECV are common and associated more with @entity1 condition than procedural characteristics. TEE use was associated with better clinical outcomes.

title: Outcomes After Nonemergent Electrical Cardioversion for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity532 :: ('MESH:D003925', 'Disease') :: ['postprocedural success and complications and repeat cardioversion']

entities_list: @entity956 :: ('MESH:D001282', 'Disease') :: ['atrial flutter']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['atrial arrhythmia', 'atrial arrhythmias']

answer: @entity943 :: (MESH:D001145,Disease) :: ['Atrial Arrhythmias']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The indications for radial head arthroplasty are essentially complex fractures with @entity16 (medial, lateral or Essex-Lopresti), and/or associated with @entity79 (coronoids or olecranon). The aim of this study is to review our experience with the use of a radial head prosthesis in the context of a @entity130 . MATERIAL AND METHOD: An observational, descriptive and retrospective study, with a follow-up of 1- 11 years, was performed on a study group of 82 @entity1 with a mean age of 41.6 (   9.2) years. The inclusion criteria were: @entity1 of working age (25-64 years) with complex radial head fractures ( @entity34296 , III, IV), with soft tissue and @entity79 that caused instability, non-reconstructable by osteosynthesis and treated using arthroplasty. The primary variables analysed were social demographics, Mason classification, or surgical aspects such as delay, surgical time, type of prosthesis (where the bipolar prosthesis was most used, 88.6%), need of fixation or further surgery. Rehabilitation time, causes of prosthesis failure, radiological findings (according to Van-Riet), areas of loosening (according to Popovic), as well as the Mayo Elbow Performance Score (MEPS) and the Cassebaum scale. Various associated injuries were observed, such as injuries in the lateral collateral ligament of the elbow in 39% of cases, @entity174 in 25.6%, and an @entity174 in 15.9% of the series. There was one case of an Essex- @entity130 . The tests used for the statistical analysis were Chi squared and Fisher test for categorical variables and contingency tables. The Mann Whitney U or Kruskall Wallis tests were used for the numerical variables. Evidence level: IV. RESULTS: The mean surgical time was 100 (   56.8) minutes. The prosthesis was fixed in 53.8% of cases. The mean score on the MEPS scale was 80.4 (   19.3) points, being good-excellent in 71.6%. The elbow was stable in 93.7% of cases. There was moderate instability, with 10   or more in varus or valgus, and in 1.3% in the rest of the series. The rehabilitation time was lower in the fixed cases (P=.03), and there was greater @entity2003 (P=.03) and more sequelae (limitations in mobility, @entity158 ), (P<0.05) in the cases where the LCL had to be repaired (given that there were other serious injuries in these cases). When the surgical delay was less than one week, better results were obtained on the Cassebaum scale (P=.02), as well as more excellent results on the MEPS scale MEPS (P=.02). The prosthesis was removed in 11 cases (13.4%), with the main cause for removal being @entity158 in pronosupination in 5 cases, and @entity130 in 4 cases, one @entity281 . The most frequent complication was @entity2003 (30.5%). There were 3 infections (3.7%). Popovic areas 1 and 7 had greater osteolysis. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of concomitant bone and ligament injuries determined a longer surgical time and more sequelae. Early surgery would achieve better clinical results.

title: Radial head arthroplasty, 11 years experience: A series of 82 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['olecranon fracture', 'coronoid fractures']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['ligament damage']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone damage', 'bone injuries']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['dislocation, and one infections']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['residual pain', 'pain']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['Lopresti injury', 'trauma', 'capitellar injuries']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: MAIN CONCLUSION: Light and ABA independently regulated @entity4211 biosynthesis via activation of FaMYB10 expression. FaMYB10 accelerated @entity4211 synthesis of @entity60700 and @entity48672 during strawberry fruit ripening. Light is an integral factor in fruit ripening. Ripening in non-climacteric fruit is also effected by the plant hormone @entity2271 ( @entity2272 ). However, how light and/or ABA regulate fruit ripening processes, such as strawberry color development remains elusive. Results of the present study showed light and ABA regulated strawberry fruit coloration via activation of FaMYB10 expression, an R2R3 MYB transcription factor. Light exposure increased FaMYB10 transcript levels, @entity3096 pathway genes, and @entity4211 content. Exogenous ABA promoted FaMYB10 expression, and @entity4211 content, accompanied by increased ABA-responsive transcript levels and @entity3096 pathway genes. ABA biosynthesis inhibitor treatment, and RNAi-mediated down-regulation of the ABA biosynthetic gene (9-cis @entity60701 dioxygenase: FaNCED1), and ABA receptor ( @entity1760 chelatase H subunit: FaCHLH/ABAR) showed inverse ABA effects. Furthermore, additive effects were observed in @entity4211 accumulation under combined light and ABA, indicating independent light and ABA signaling pathways. FaMYB10 down-regulation by Agrobacterium-mediated RNA interference (RNAi) in strawberry fruits showed decreased @entity60700 and @entity48672 levels, accompanied by consistent @entity3096 pathway gene expression levels. FaMYB10 over-expression showed opposite FaMYB10 RNAi phenotypes, particularly @entity48672 synthesis by FaMYB10, which was correlated with FaF3'H transcript levels. These data provided evidence that light and ABA promoted FaMYB10 expression, resulting in @entity4211 accumulation via acceleration of @entity3096 pathway gene expression. Finally, our results suggested FaMYB10 serves a role as a signal transduction mediator from light and ABA perception to @entity4211 synthesis in strawberry fruit.

title: Light and XXXX independently regulated FaMYB10 in Fragaria * ananassa fruit.

entities_list: @entity2271 :: ('MESH:D000040', 'Chemical') :: ['abscisic acid']

entities_list: @entity3096 :: ('CHEBI:47916', 'Chemical') :: ['flavonoid']

entities_list: @entity60701 :: ('CHEBI:23043', 'Chemical') :: ['epoxycarotenoid']

entities_list: @entity48672 :: ('MESH:C114438', 'Chemical') :: ['cyanidin 3-glucoside']

entities_list: @entity4211 :: ('MESH:D000872', 'Chemical') :: ['anthocyanin']

entities_list: @entity60700 :: ('MESH:C078485', 'Chemical') :: ['pelargonidin 3-glucoside']

entities_list: @entity1760 :: ('MESH:D008274', 'Chemical') :: ['magnesium']

answer: @entity2271 :: (MESH:D000040,Chemical) :: ['abscisic acid']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine the teratogenic potential of statins. DESIGN: Cohort study. SETTING: United States. @entity1 : A cohort of 886   996 completed pregnancies linked to liveborn @entity1 of @entity1 enrolled in Medicaid from 2000 to 2007. METHODS: We examined the risk of major @entity600 and organ specific @entity600 in offspring associated with maternal use of a statin in the first trimester. Propensity score based methods were used to control for potential confounders, including maternal demographic characteristics, obstetric and medical conditions, and use of other drugs. RESULTS: 1152 (0.13%) @entity1 used a statin during the first trimester. In unadjusted analyses, the prevalence of @entity600 in the offspring of these @entity1 was 6.34% compared with 3.55% in those of @entity1 who did not use a statin in the first trimester (relative risk 1.79, 95% confidence interval 1.43 to 2.23). Controlling for confounders, particularly pre-existing @entity6 , accounted for this increase in risk (1.07, 0.85 to 1.37). There were also no statistically significant increases in any of the organ specific @entity600 assessed after accounting for confounders. Results were similar across a range of sensitivity analyses. CONCLUSIONS: Our analysis did not find a significant teratogenic effect from maternal use of statins in the first trimester. However, these findings need to be replicated in other large studies, and the long term effects of in utero exposure to statins needs to be assessed, before use of statins in pregnancy can be considered safe.

title: Statins and XXXX : cohort study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'infants', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['malformations', 'congenital malformations']

answer: @entity600 :: (MESH:D000014,Disease) :: ['congenital malformations']