abstract: UNASSIGNED: Somatic mutations of the @entity8549 and @entity8550 genes encoding the histone H3 variants, H3.3 and @entity8551 , were recently identified in high-grade @entity11 arising in the thalamus, pons, and spinal cord of @entity1 and young adults. However, the complete range of @entity1 and locations in which these @entity5 arise, as well as the morphologic spectrum and associated genetic alterations remain undefined. Here we describe a series of 47 diffuse midline @entity11 with histone H3- @entity8552 mutation. The 25 male and 22 female @entity1 ranged in age from 2 to 65 years (median=14). @entity5 were centered not only in the pons (17), thalamus (15), and spinal cord (9), but also in the third ventricle (3), hypothalamus (1), pineal region (1), and cerebellum (1). @entity1 with pontine @entity5 were younger (median=7 years) than those with thalamic (median=24 years) or spinal (median=25 years) @entity5 . A wide morphologic spectrum was encountered including @entity11 with giant cells, epithelioid and rhabdoid cells, @entity6196 ( @entity6196 )-like foci, neuropil-like islands, pilomyxoid features, @entity8553 , sarcomatous transformation, ganglionic differentiation, and @entity1893 ( @entity1893 )-like areas. In this series, histone H3- @entity8552 mutation was mutually exclusive with @entity818 mutation and @entity470 amplification, rarely co-occurred with @entity817 - @entity8554 mutation, and was commonly associated with @entity876 overexpression, @entity8171 loss (except in pontine @entity11 ), and monosomy 10. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Diffuse Midline Gliomas with Histone H3- XXXX Mutation: A Series of 47 Cases Assessing the Spectrum of Morphologic Variation and Associated Genetic Alterations.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity6196 :: ('MESH:D018242', 'Disease') :: ['primitive neuroectodermal tumor', 'PNET']

entities_list: @entity8552 :: ('p|SUB|K|27|M', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['K27M']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors', 'Tumors']

entities_list: @entity8553 :: ('MESH:C565779', 'Disease') :: ['ependymal-like areas']

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['gliomas']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ['pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma', 'PXA']

answer: @entity8552 :: (p|SUB|K|27|M,ProteinMutation) :: ['K27M']


abstract: The two cardiac myosin heavy chain isoforms, alpha and beta, exhibit distinct functional characteristics and therefore may be distributed regionally within the heart to match the functional demands of a specific region. In adult @entity19 hearts, which predominantly express @entity12077 heavy chain, we observed high concentrations of beta-myosin in distinct areas such as at the tip of papillary muscles and at the base close to the valvular annulus. In light of these distinct distribution patterns of the myosin isoforms, we subsequently explored the isoform-specific structure-function relationships of the myosins. The alpha- and beta-isoforms are 93% identical in @entity535 sequence, but it remains unclear which of the nonidentical residues determines isoform functionality. We hypothesized that residues situated within or close to the actin-binding interface of the myosin head influence actin binding and thereby modulate actin-activated ATPase activity. A chimeric myosin was created containing beta-sequence from @entity535 417 to 682 within the alpha-backbone. In @entity19 , approximately 70% of the endogenous cardiac protein was replaced with the chimeric myosin. Myofibrils containing chimeric myosin exhibited ATPase activities that were @entity308 to the levels observed in hearts expressing approximately 70% beta-myosin. In vitro motility assays showed that the actin filament sliding velocity generated by chimeric myosin was similar to that of @entity12077 , almost twice the velocities observed with beta-myosin. These data indicate that this large domain sequence switch conferred beta-like actin-activated ATPase activities to the chimeric myosin, suggesting that this region is responsible for the distinct hydrolytic properties of these myosin isoforms.

title: Distribution and structure-function relationship of myosin heavy chain isoforms in the adult XXXX heart.

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressed']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: While it is technically feasible to conduct @entity2704 research on the Internet, can one be sure that the subjects who participate actually have the disorder? We examined this issue in 109 sequential subjects in an Internet study of @entity1109 . BACKGROUND: The increasing use of the Internet by the US population provides an opportunity for using this medium in clinical research, but, to be useful, the results of such research must be valid and generalizable. METHODS: Using postings to Internet newsgroups of migraineurs, we recruited subjects to a @entity2704 research site. We examined reported symptoms by comparing them with the International @entity10 Society's criteria for diagnosis of @entity2704 and by subjective review by a neurologist. We also attempted to contact the subject's primary care physicians to confirm their diagnosis. RESULTS: We found considerable evidence for the validity of the @entity1 ' self-reported diagnoses. Most subjects with professed @entity2704 reported quality of @entity158 (97%) and associated symptoms (92%) consistent with that diagnosis, and review of their symptoms and questionnaire responses by the neurologist suggested that almost all subjects (97%) had @entity2704 . Personal physicians confirmed a diagnosis of @entity2704 in 90% of consenting subjects (n=49). CONCLUSIONS: The validity of self-reported diagnosis of @entity2704 does not appear to be an obstacle to conducting research in subject populations on the Internet.

title: Potential validity of conducting research on XXXX in internet populations.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ["migraineurs' symptoms"]

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['Headache']

answer: @entity10 :: (MESH:D006261,Disease) :: ['headache']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We report an extremely rare case of primary @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ), @entity2433 ( @entity2433 ) of the nasal cavity. An 80-year-old @entity1 was referred to our hospital with left nasal obstruction caused by a nasal cavity @entity5 . The @entity5 was resected completely with lateral rhinotomy approach. Histopathological examination revealed @entity1358 . @entity1358 @entity3 from @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ), which is at the top of differential diagnosis, was ruled out by the absence of @entity703 at computed tomography (CT). Also, immunohistochemical results of the specimen with @entity2277 negative and @entity5822 focally positive excluded the possibility of @entity1358 @entity3 . The @entity1 is free from recurrence 1 year after the surgery, and there is no evidence of @entity1358 . In this report histopathological characteristics, especially immunohistochemical properties of primary @entity1358 , @entity2433 of the nasal cavity are presented together with some clinical features of this rare @entity5 . Also, we refer to histopathogenesis of primary @entity1358 of nasal cavity in relation to @entity189 . Histopathological discussion is further extended to include other @entity1358 and @entity1358 -resembling histologies to confirm the uniqueness of the present case.

title: Clear cell XXXX : A case report from histopathological viewpoint.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['myoepithelial carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['CCC', 'renal cell carcinoma', 'clear cell carcinoma', 'RCC']

entities_list: @entity2433 :: ('MESH:C536665', 'Disease') :: ['not otherwise specified', 'NOS']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity703 :: ('MESH:D007680', 'Disease') :: ['renal tumor']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['carcinoma of the nasal cavity']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity11989 (MIM 161200) is a rare @entity74 characterized by @entity12352 , @entity7064 , @entity14228 , and iliac horn. In 40% of cases, a @entity8 is present and, less frequently, @entity16 is observed. Inter- and intrafamilial variable expressivity of the clinical phenotype is a common finding. Mutations in the @entity1 @entity21834 gene have been demonstrated to be responsible for @entity11989 in around 80% of cases. METHODS: Standard polymerase chain reaction and sequencing methods were used for mutation and single nucleotide polymorphism identification and control of cloned sequences. Array-CGH (Agilent, 244A Kit) was used for detection of deletions. Standard cloning techniques and the Snapshot method were used for analysis of mosaicism. RESULTS: In this study, we present the results of @entity21834 screening of 20 @entity11989 @entity1 . The molecular defect was found in 17 @entity1 . We report five novel mutations and a approximately 2 Mb deletion in chromosome 9q encompassing the entire @entity21834 gene in a @entity1 with a complex phenotype. We present evidence of somatic mosaicism in unaffected parents in two cases, which, to our knowledge, are the first reported cases of inheritance of a mutated @entity21834 allele in @entity11989 @entity1 from a mosaic parent. CONCLUSION: The study of the described case series provides some original observations in an "old" @entity74 .

title: A spectrum of @entity21834 mutations in XXXX : new point mutations, deletion, and evidence of mosaicism in unaffected parents.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['glomerular defect']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['ocular damage']

entities_list: @entity14228 :: ('MESH:C535618', 'Disease') :: ['dysplasia of the elbows']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['autosomal dominant disorder', 'genetic disorder']

entities_list: @entity12352 :: ('MESH:C535568', 'Disease') :: ['hypoplastic or absent patellae']

entities_list: @entity11989 :: ('MESH:D009261', 'Disease') :: ['Nail-Patella syndrome']

entities_list: @entity7064 :: ('MESH:C536378', 'Disease') :: ['dystrophic nails']

answer: @entity11989 :: (MESH:D009261,Disease) :: ['Nail-Patella syndrome']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity418 is an aggressive disease that is often treated with neoadjuvant therapy followed by surgical resection. @entity6 ( @entity6 ) has been associated with reduced efficacy of chemoradiation (CRT) in other @entity1820 . The goal of this study was to determine if @entity6 affects response to neoadjuvant CRT in the management of @entity189 . METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the @entity418 @entity1 databases and subsequently analyzed those @entity1 who received neoadjuvant CRT followed by surgical resection at two institutions, Thomas Jefferson University (TJUH) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (FCCC). Comparative analyses of rates of pathologic complete response rate (pCR) and pathologic downstaging in @entity6 @entity1 versus non- @entity6 @entity1 was performed. RESULTS: Two hundred sixty @entity1 were included in the study; 36 @entity1 had @entity6 and 224 were non-diabetics. The average age of the @entity1 was 61 years (range 24-84 years). The overall pCR was 26%. The pCR rate was 19% and 27% for @entity1 with @entity6 and without @entity6 , respectively (P = 0.31). Pathologic downstaging occurred in 39% of study @entity1 , including of 33% of @entity6 @entity1 and 40% of non- @entity6 @entity1 (P = 0.42). CONCLUSIONS: Although the current analysis does not demonstrate a significant reduction in pCR rates or pathologic downstaging in @entity1 with @entity6 , the observed trend suggests that a potential difference may be observed with a larger @entity1 population. Further studies are warranted to evaluate the influence of @entity6 on the effectiveness of neoadjuvant CRT in @entity418 .

title: Does XXXX influence pathologic complete response and tumor downstaging after neoadjuvant chemoradiation for esophageal and gastroesophageal cancer? A two-institution report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetes mellitus', 'DM']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['gastroesophageal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1820 :: ('MESH:D005770', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal cancers']

entities_list: @entity418 :: ('MESH:D004938', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal cancer', 'Esophageal carcinoma']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes mellitus']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry (EAPD) encourages prevention and arrest of @entity1547 . Therefore, the present guidance provides evidence- and clinically-based recommendations for detecting and diagnosing early/non-cavitated @entity75 , risk assessment and disease management. METHODS: A search of different databases was conducted using all terms related to the subject. Relevant papers were identified after a review of their titles, abstracts or full texts. Three workshops were held during the corresponding EAPD interim seminar in Brussels in 2015. Several statements were agreed upon and, furthermore, gaps in our knowledge were identified. RESULTS: Following the systematic reviews and outcomes of the seminars, it was concluded that visual and radiographic @entity1547 detection should be utilised as a basic diagnostic approach to locate, assess and monitor non-cavitated @entity75 in primary and permanent teeth. As another important evaluation step, a @entity1547 risk assessment should be performed at a @entity1 's first dental visit, and reassessments should be performed on a regular basis. It is widely accepted that non-cavitated @entity75 can be managed non-invasively in the majority of cases. The spectrum of measures includes a low cariogenicity tooth-friendly diet, daily and appropriate management of the biofilm, home and within the dental office/surgery usage of @entity1388 as well as sealing techniques. CONCLUSION: The detection and management of non-cavitated @entity1547 is an essential aspect of preventive dentistry. Therefore, the EAPD encourages oral health care providers and caregivers to implement preventive practices that can arrest early @entity1547 and improve individual and public dental health.

title: Best clinical practice guidance for management of early @entity75 in XXXX and young adults: an EAPD policy document.

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['caries lesions']

entities_list: @entity1547 :: ('MESH:D003731', 'Disease') :: ['caries', 'active dental caries']

entities_list: @entity1388 :: ('MESH:D005459', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorides']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: BACKGROUND: It is generally reported that garlic (Allium sativum) harms pathogenic but not beneficial bacteria. Although numerous studies supporting the alleged garlic effects on pathogens are available, there are limited studies to prove this claim for beneficial bacteria. We have recently shown that garlic exhibits antibacterial activity against probiotic bifidobacteria. The aim of the current study was to elucidate the mechanism of action of @entity13853 ( @entity13853 ) on @entity1335 @entity1335 , @entity13854 @entity13854 and B. lactis Bb12 using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and flow cytometry. METHODS: Cultures (1   108 CFU ml-1) were individually incubated for 6 h at 37  C in @entity13853 containing @entity13855 at a corresponding predetermined minimum bactericidal concentration for each strain. For FTIR, an aliquot of each culture was deposited on @entity13856 slide and vacuum dried. The slides were immediately viewed using a Bruker Vertex 70 V FT-IR spectrometer equipped with a Hyperion @entity3178 and data analyzed using OPUS software (version 6, Bruker). Spectra were smoothed with a Savitsky-Goly function algorithim, base-line corrected and normalized. Samples for flow cytometry were stained using the Live/Dead BacLight bacterial viability kit L7012. Data compensation and analysis was performed using a BD FACSAria and FlowJo (version 7.6.1). RESULTS: Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed changes in spectral features of lipids and @entity1718 in cell membranes, proteins, polysaccharides and nucleic acids. Spectral data as per principle component analysis (PCA) revealed segregation of control and @entity13853 -treated cells for all the tested bifidobacteria. Flow cytometry not only showed increase in numbers of membrane damaged and possibly lysed cells after @entity13853 treatment, but also displayed diffuse light scatter patterns for @entity13853 treated cells, which is evidence for changes to the size, granularity and molecular content of the cells. CONCLUSION: Garlic has multiple target sites in bifidobacteria, penetrating the cell membrane and entering the cytoplasm, where it causes changes to @entity3363 , @entity1718 , proteins and nucleic acids. These changes, for example, modification of membrane properties, may prevent exposed bifidobacteria from colonizing the intestinal mucosa. Loss of colonization potential would render them less efficient as probiotics.

title: Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy and flow cytometric assessment of the antibacterial mechanism of action of aqueous extract of garlic (Allium sativum) against selected probiotic XXXX strains.

entities_list: @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity13853 :: ('MESH:C567863', 'Disease') :: ['GCE', 'garlic clove extract']

entities_list: @entity3178 :: ('MESH:D046728', 'Disease') :: ['microscope']

entities_list: @entity1335 :: ('1681', 'Species') :: ['Bifidobacterium bifidum', 'LMG 11041']

entities_list: @entity3363 :: ('MESH:D002241', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrates']

answer: @entity1335 :: (1681,Species) :: ['Bifidobacterium']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3949 ( @entity3949 ) is a frequent complication of @entity6 . Current treatment recommendations are based on short-term trials, generally of <= 3 months' duration. Limited data are available on the long-term outcomes of this @entity102 . The objective of this study was to determine the long-term clinical effectiveness of the management of chronic @entity3949 at @entity158 centres. METHODS: From a prospective observational cohort study of @entity1 with chronic @entity5 @entity158 recruited from seven Canadian @entity158 centres, 60 @entity1 diagnosed with @entity3949 were identified for analysis. Data were collected according to Initiative on Methods, Measurement, and @entity158 Assessment in Clinical Trials guidelines including the Brief @entity158 Inventory. RESULTS: At 12-month follow-up, 37.2% (95% confidence interval [CI], 23.0-53.3) of 43 @entity1 with complete data achieved @entity158 reduction of >= 30%, 51.2% (95% CI, 35.5-66.7) achieved functional improvement with a reduction of >= 1 on the @entity158 Interference Scale (0-10, Brief @entity158 Inventory) and 30.2% (95% CI, 17.2-46.1) had achieved both these measures. Symptom management included at least two medication classes in 55.3% and three medication classes in 25.5% (opioids, antidepressants, anticonvulsants). CONCLUSIONS: Almost one-third of @entity1 being managed for @entity3949 in a tertiary care setting achieve meaningful improvements in @entity158 and function in the long term. Polypharmacy including analgesic antidepressants and anticonvulsants were the mainstays of effective symptom management.

title: Long-Term Outcomes in the Management of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathic non-cancer']

entities_list: @entity3949 :: ('MESH:D003929', 'Disease') :: ['PDN', 'Painful diabetic neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic disease']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['Pain', 'tertiary pain', 'pain']

answer: @entity3949 :: (MESH:D003929,Disease) :: ['Painful Diabetic Neuropathy']


abstract: AIM: To assess the safety and efficacy of multi-needle aponeurotomy (MNA) for advanced @entity195 . METHODS: This prospective study included @entity1 with age more than 17 years, @entity2074 with palmo-digital or poly-digital involvement, presumed NA number needed to treat>4, and availability for at least 1-month follow-up after MNA. Outcome measures were Tubiana score and passive extension deficit, after MNA and at 1 and 6 months; self-assessed disability and satisfaction at 1 and 6 months; and adverse events (AEs). RESULTS: Thirty @entity1 were included. MNA was performed on 37 hands and 99 rays. Among 25 assessed MNA sessions for treatment-related discomfort, @entity1 considered 22 (88%) not at all to moderately @entity158 . Six minor AEs, representing 2 for every 100 NAs, were reported. Tubiana scores at baseline (5.3  2.3, n=35) were improved after treatment (1.7  1.8, n=32, P<0.0001), at 1 month (2.2  1.4, n=26, P<0.0001) and at 6 months (2.8  2.7, n=19, P<0.01). Passive extension deficit was greatly reduced after treatment and persisted at follow-up. Disability scores at baseline (27.6  26.9, n=37) were reduced at 1 month (13.2  19.5, n=26, P=0.02) and at 6 months (5.2  11.6, n=20, P<0.001). @entity1 were highly satisfied at 1 month (100%, n=25) and 6 months (95%, n=19). CONCLUSION: MNA appears safe and effective for advanced @entity2074 . It could become a treatment of reference and contribute to reducing the need for surgery in this indication.

title: Multi-needle aponeurotomy for advanced XXXX : preliminary results of safety and efficacy (MNA 1 study).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2074 :: ('MESH:D004387', 'Disease') :: ["Dupuytren's disease", "Dupuytren's contracture"]

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["Duputren's disease"]

answer: @entity2074 :: (MESH:D004387,Disease) :: ['Dupuytren's disease']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the use of the buccal fat pad (BFP) in the immediate reconstruction of oncologic palate defects and the influence of postoperative radiotherapy on reconstruction. @entity1 AND METHODS: @entity1 who were diagnosed with moderate- to high-grade @entity5 of the palate underwent partial maxillectomy. The BFP was used as a pedicled flap to reconstruct the defects. All @entity1 received postoperative radiotherapy 4 to 5  weeks after surgery. RESULTS: Eighteen @entity1 (9 @entity1 and 9 @entity1 ; age range, 37 to 81  yr) underwent surgery and subsequent radiotherapy. The size of all defects ranged from 7.5 to 19.2  cm(2). Adequate closure of the defects was achieved during surgery and all flaps were epithelialized within 3  weeks after surgery, with no complications of dehiscence or flap failure. Furthermore, there were no complications derived from postoperative radiotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that BFP grafting is an effective and reliable method for the reconstruction of small to medium-size palate defects. Furthermore, postoperative radiotherapy does not influence the success of reconstruction.

title: Use of the Buccal Fat Pad in the Immediate Reconstruction of Palatal Defects Related to XXXX Surgery With Postoperative Radiation Therapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS', 'men']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancies']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Cancer']


abstract: 1. Four-week-old broiler @entity1573 were injected intravenously with from 0.01 to 1 mg of @entity526 endotoxin/kg body weight or with saline. 2. At all doses used endotoxin markedly depressed food intake and lipoprotein lipase activities in muscle and adipose tissue within 8 h. Heart lipoprotein lipase activity was significantly depressed only at doses of 0.1 mg endotoxin/kg body weight or greater. 3. Treatment of birds with 0.3 mg endotoxin/kg body weight reduced post-heparin lipoprotein lipase activity to 0.13 of that in control birds in 8 h. 4. Endotoxin generally depressed plasma very-low-density lipoprotein concentration. Plasma non-esterified @entity844 concentration was significantly elevated only in birds given 1 mg endotoxin/kg body weight. 5. @entity844 synthetase activity in the liver of endotoxin-treated birds was significantly lower than in control birds 16 h after administration of endoxin, but not after 8 h. 6. These results show that tissue lipoprotein lipase activity in birds is very responsive to @entity526 endotoxin, as in mammals. Hypertriglyceridaemia occurs only occasionally in endotoxin-treated @entity1573 , most probably because of the particularly close relationship between food intake and hepatic lipoprotein synthesis in birds.

title: Effect of XXXX endotoxin on tissue lipoprotein lipase activities in @entity1573 .

entities_list: @entity844 :: ('CHEBI:35366', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acid', 'Fatty acid']

answer: @entity526 :: (562,Species) :: ['Escherichia coli']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: e14029 Background: The aim was to determine the effect of a longer interval between neoadjuvant (N) CRT and surgery on perioperative morbidity and complete response rate. METHODS: We reviewed @entity5 @entity1 records to perform a retrospective study. Inclusion criteria were clinical stage II and III @entity5 @entity1 undergoing N CRT followed by proctectomy between 2008 and 2010. The N regimen consisted of long course external beam RT and concomitant @entity416 850 mg/m(2) daily from Monday to Friday. Doses of RT were 45 Gy to the whole pelvis plus 5.4-9 Gy to the @entity5 mass. @entity1 with @entity29 , @entity4310 , extracolonic @entity5 , urgent surgery, or metastatic disease were excluded. @entity1 were divided into two groups according to the interval between CRT and surgery (<6 and >= 6 weeks). Perioperative complications were compared and also pathological complete response (pCR). RESULTS: Ninety @entity1 were included. Groups were similar with respect to demographics, @entity5 , and treatment characteristics. Group 1: <6 weeks with 42 @entity1 and Group 2: >= 6 weeks with 48 @entity1 . Perioperative complications were not affected by the interval between CRT and surgery. @entity1 undergoing surgery >= 6 weeks after CRT experienced a significant improvement in pCP rate (33% vs. 18%, p   =   0.04). 19 @entity1 have experienced local recurrence without significant difference between two arms (10 [23.8%] and 9 [18.7%] respectively). CONCLUSIONS: An interval between CRT and surgery >= 6 weeks is safe and associated with a higher rate of pCR. We need futher prospective studies to define better the role of longer interval between CRT and surgery.

title: XXXX : The relevance of the interval between chemoradiation (CT) and surgery.

entities_list: @entity416 :: ('MESH:C110904', 'Chemical') :: ['capecitabine']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'rectal cancer', 'neoplasia', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel disease']

entities_list: @entity4310 :: ('MESH:D009386', 'Disease') :: ['hereditary cancer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Rectal cancer']


abstract: Regulative circuits controlling expression of genes involved in the same biological processes are frequently interconnected. These circuits operate to coordinate the expression of multiple genes and also to compensate dysfunctions in specific elements of the network. Caspases are @entity462 -proteases with key roles in the execution phase of apoptosis. Silencing of @entity15097 expression in @entity463 cells allows the up-regulation of a limited number of genes, among which some are related to @entity165 homeostasis. Lysosomal Acid @entity9377 ( @entity9377 ) was up-regulated in two different cell lines in response to @entity15097 down-regulation and cells silenced for @entity15097 exhibit reduced @entity165 staining in the lipid droplets. We expanded this observation by large-scale analysis of mRNA expression. All caspases were analyzed in terms of co-expression in comparison with 166 genes involved in @entity165 homeostasis. In the brain, hierarchical clustering has revealed that the expression of regulative apoptotic caspases ( @entity15097 , @entity8186 @entity8187 , @entity14375 ) and of the inflammatory @entity9302 is linked to several genes involved in @entity165 homeostasis. These correlations resulted in altered GBM ( @entity463 Multiforme), in particular for @entity9302 . We have also demonstrated that these correlations are tissue specific being reduced ( @entity8187 and @entity14375 ) or different ( @entity15097 ) in the liver. For some caspases ( @entity9302 , @entity8293 and @entity14544 ) these correlations could be related to @entity75 .

title: Transcriptomic Analysis Unveils Correlations between Regulative Apoptotic Caspases and Genes of XXXX Homeostasis in Human Brain.

entities_list: @entity462 :: ('MESH:D003545', 'Chemical') :: ['cysteine']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain aging']

entities_list: @entity463 :: ('MESH:D005909', 'Disease') :: ['cultured glioblastoma', 'Glioblastoma']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity165 :: (MESH:D002784,Chemical) :: ['Cholesterol']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: High-risk (HR) @entity1082 ) testing is important in cervical @entity5 screening for triage to colposcopy. This study evaluated the clinical performance of the Cervista HPV HR and 16/18 genotyping tests for detection of HPV in cervical cytology specimens. METHODS: The tests were prospectively evaluated in a multicenter clinical study. DNA was extracted from approximately 4000 residual liquid-based cytology specimens collected during routine liquid-based Papanicolaou tests at standard of care visits and was assessed for the presence of @entity9273 and 18. All @entity1 with cytology results of atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US) or greater underwent colposcopic examination and biopsies were collected. Test results were compared with local colposcopy and histology results from a central pathology review panel. RESULTS: There were 1347 subjects with complete data sets of cytology, HR HPV, colposcopy, and histology included in the analysis of the HPV HR test. Sensitivity of the HPV HR test for detection of @entity3146 ( @entity3146 ) 2+ among @entity1 with ASC-US cytology was 92.8% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 84.1-96.9) and the negative predictive value (NPV) was 99.1% (95% CI: 98.1-99.6). Sensitivity for detection of > or = @entity3146 3 in @entity1 with ASC-US was 100% (95% CI: 85.1-100) and the NPV was 100% (95% CI: 99.4-100). The specificity of the test for detection of > or = @entity3146 2 and > or = @entity3146 3 was 44.2% (95% CI: 41.5-46.9) and 43% (95% CI: 40.3-45.7), respectively. The @entity1799 /18 genotyping test also performed as expected in @entity1 with ASC-US cytology who were positive for HR HPV. CONCLUSION: The Cervista HPV HR test can be clinically used for detecting HR HPV types in conjunction with cervical cytology for use in triage of @entity1 with ASC-US cytology during routine cervical @entity5 screening.

title: Clinical validation of the Cervista HPV HR and 16/18 genotyping tests for use in XXXX with ASC-US cytology.

entities_list: @entity9273 :: ('OMIM:167959', 'Disease') :: ['HR HPV and/or HPV types 16']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity1082 :: ('10566', 'Species') :: ['human papillomavirus (HPV']

entities_list: @entity3146 :: ('MESH:D018290', 'Disease') :: ['cervical intraepithelial neoplasia', 'CIN']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: In 2003, consolidation @entity1205 was a promising concept for unresectable stage IIIA/B @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ). To test the hypothesis that chemoradiotherapy with @entity3003 and @entity2600 followed by consolidation @entity1205 would be feasible and clinically active, we conducted a phase II study. METHODS: Thirty-two @entity1 with unresectable stage IIIA/B @entity1149 received @entity2600 (30 mg/m) and @entity3003 dosed to a target area under the concentration curve of 2, each administered weekly for 7 weeks. Concurrent radiotherapy was administered more than 7 weeks to a total dose of 63 Gy in 35 fractions. Consolidation @entity1205 (75 mg/m) was administered every 3 weeks for 3 doses 4 weeks after chemoradiotherapy. The primary end point was objective response rate by RECIST. RESULTS: Complete responses occurred in 4 @entity1 and partial responses occurred in 14, for an objective response rate of 56.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 37.7-73.6%). Median progression-free survival was 6.5 months (95% CI, 4.6-13.5); median duration of survival was 14.8 months (95% CI, 6.9-27.3). The most common hematologic @entity137 was @entity1431 , which were grade 3 or 4 in 16 @entity1 (50%). @entity1207 (grade >or=2) occurred in 13 of 31 treated @entity1 (42%). CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggested that concurrent chemoradiotherapy with @entity3003 and @entity2600 followed by consolidation @entity1205 is clinically active based on median survival in @entity1 with unresectable stage III @entity1149 ; however, the 42% incidence of @entity1207 was unexpected and warrants further investigation to determine the mechanism and preventive strategies.

title: Efficacy and @entity137 of chemoradiotherapy with XXXX and @entity2600 followed by consolidation @entity1205 for unresectable stage III non-small cell lung cancer.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity2600 :: ('MESH:C051890', 'Chemical') :: ['irinotecan']

entities_list: @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['carboplatin']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'nonsmall cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity1207 :: ('MESH:D017564', 'Disease') :: ['Radiation pneumonitis', 'clinical radiation pneumonitis']

entities_list: @entity1431 :: ('MESH:D007970', 'Disease') :: ['leukopenia']

entities_list: @entity1205 :: ('MESH:C067311', 'Chemical') :: ['docetaxel']

answer: @entity3003 :: (MESH:D016190,Chemical) :: ['carboplatin']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To identify inflammatory biomarker profiles during paradoxical and unmasking @entity378 -associated immune reconstitution @entity32 ( @entity1906 -IRIS), and determine whether differences in biomarkers prior to @entity34 ( @entity34 ) predict subsequent development of @entity1906 -IRIS. DESIGN: Case-control study within a cohort of @entity1 initiating @entity34 in South Africa (n = 498). METHODS: @entity1 were followed up for 24 weeks for development of @entity1906 -IRIS. Plasma samples were collected at baseline and presentation with symptoms. Groups of cases and controls were as follows: pre- @entity34 @entity1906 and developed paradoxical @entity1906 -IRIS (n = 9); pre- @entity34 @entity1906 but no IRIS (n = 12); no pre- @entity34 @entity1906 but developed unmasking @entity1906 -IRIS (n = 13); no pre- @entity34 @entity1906 and no @entity1906 or IRIS during treatment (n = 12). Concentrations of 18 cytokines and chemokines, and @entity1851 ( @entity1851 ), were measured and compared. RESULTS: Event samples were drawn a median of 28 days after @entity34 initiation [interquartile range (IQR) 14-56 days]. During paradoxical @entity1906 -IRIS events, there were lower median concentrations of @entity688 [ @entity688 ; 22.1 (IQR 15.3-34.9) vs. 82.2 (29.4-128.4) pg/ml, P = 0.047] and @entity2842 [ @entity2842 ; 27.6 (20.0-29.7) vs. 71.4 (40.6-77.8) pg/ml, P = 0.005], and higher @entity1851 : @entity688 ratio [2.2   10   (1.8-3.4) vs. 0.3   10   (0.2-0.5), P = 0.003] than in controls. @entity1 who developed unmasking @entity1906 -IRIS had higher median pre- @entity34 levels of @entity1851 [25 (8-47) vs. 6 (lower limit of detection, LLD-12) mg/l, P = 0.046] and @entity379 ) [9.1 (4.4-24.7) vs. 0.9 (LLD-8.7) pg/ml, P = 0.032] than controls. CONCLUSION: @entity1 with unmasking @entity1906 -IRIS had higher pre- @entity34 levels of plasma @entity13154 , consistent with preexisting subclinical @entity1906 . Paradoxical @entity1906 -IRIS was associated with lower levels of biomarkers of monocyte and regulatory T-cell activity, and higher @entity1851 .

title: Circulating inflammatory biomarkers can predict and characterize XXXX -associated immune reconstitution @entity32 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein', 'CRP']

entities_list: @entity2842 :: ('6347', 'Gene') :: ['monocyte chemotactic protein-1', 'MCP-1']

entities_list: @entity379 :: ('3458', 'Gene') :: ['interferon gamma (IFN-y']

entities_list: @entity378 :: ('MESH:D014376', 'Disease') :: ['tuberculosis']

entities_list: @entity34 :: ('MESH:D016609', 'Disease') :: ['ART', 'antiretroviral therapy']

answer: @entity378 :: (MESH:D014376,Disease) :: ['tuberculosis']


abstract: Evaluating the use of antithrombotic drugs in @entity455 has been a long and difficult process, which is far from complete. The aims of treatment have ranged from the primary prevention of @entity583 or @entity64 , through the restoration of blood flow to ischaemic organs in order to salvage threatened tissue, to the prevention of recurrent @entity432 . Drugs studied in depth by clinical trial include the oral anticoagulants, antiplatelet drugs (especially @entity117 ), and thrombolytic agents. Their results are considered under the headings of @entity453 , @entity1779 , and @entity1095 . Aspirin, with or without @entity4341 , prevents progression of @entity1459 to @entity583 or @entity204 , probably reduces long-term mortality after @entity583 , and prevents aortocoronary bypass graft occlusion. It decreases the risks of @entity64 or @entity204 in @entity1 with transient @entity1779 , diminishes @entity65 after a @entity64 , and may improve the outcome after some kinds of surgery for @entity1095 . The benefits of oral anticoagulant treatment to prevent @entity432 remain poorly defined. Oral anticoagulants prevent systemic @entity887 in many groups of high-risk @entity1 , and probably reduce the risk of recurrence after @entity887 has occurred. Whether their long-term use to prevent reinfarction in @entity1 with a previous @entity583 can be justified remains uncertain. They are of little or no proven value in @entity1 with transient @entity1779 or @entity64 . On the other hand, there is increasing support for early thrombolytic treatment after @entity583 , especially since two multicentre trials have now shown reduced mortality in @entity1 treated with intracoronary streptokinase within 4-6 hours of @entity1188 and a further large multicentre study also demonstrated reduced mortality in @entity1 treated with early intravenous streptokinase. In addition, the local infusion of streptokinase leads to recanalization in a high proportion of @entity1 with a recent peripheral @entity432 who are poor candidates for surgery.

title: The use of antithrombotic drugs in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1095 :: ('MESH:D016491', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral vascular disease']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['artery disease']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'thrombotic stroke']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity4341 :: ('MESH:D004176', 'Chemical') :: ['dipyridamole']

entities_list: @entity1459 :: ('MESH:D000789', 'Disease') :: ['unstable angina']

entities_list: @entity887 :: ('MESH:D004617', 'Disease') :: ['embolism']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarction']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular morbidity']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['artery occlusion', 'vascular occlusion']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'myocardial infarct']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral ischaemia']

answer: @entity455 :: (MESH:D014652,Disease) :: ['artery disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Dysembryoplastic @entity10053 (DNTs) are common causes of @entity302 in @entity302 @entity1 . The effect of surgical intervention is often limited when the @entity5 is located in the precentral gyrus. Furthermore, complete surgical resection is often not performed in order to avoid permanent @entity51 . METHODS: Here, we present a pediatric @entity1 with @entity302 caused by a simple @entity18961 located in the precentral gyrus. Intracranial electrodes were implanted and used in combination with magnetic resonance imaging, video-electroencephalography and electrical cortical stimulation to assess neurological function, and where the epileptogenic zone was located. RESULTS: The results of intracranial electrode monitoring suggested that the epileptogenic zone was located in the @entity5 area and that cortical function had been reorganized. We completely resected the @entity5 based on these findings. The @entity1 has been @entity410 free after the surgery and has not had any @entity51 . CONCLUSIONS: Simple form DNTs in the precentral gyrus can be completely resected with careful preoperative assessment of cortical function. Cortical reorganization could partly explain the functional preservation after surgery.

title: Resection of a XXXX in the precentral gyrus.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deficits']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['pediatric epilepsy', 'intractable epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity10053 :: ('MESH:D018302', 'Disease') :: ['neuroepithelial tumors']

answer: @entity10053 :: (MESH:D018302,Disease) :: ['dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor']


abstract: Thank you for honoring me by allowing me to serve as president of the 11th International Congress of @entity2246 (ICIEM). The science brought by the IEM community to the Congress was quite impressive and demonstrated the quality of research within this community. In this address, I will consider briefly the history of IEMs to determine how we have arrived where we are, and will spend more time ascertaining our place in the current biomedical community and our role in determining the future of personalized medicine. In the 1950s-1970s new tools were added to expand our ability to interrogate the metabolome and the result was an explosive increase in the number of IEMs. This set the stage for expanded @entity21130 ( @entity21130 ) by tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) to identify these @entity1 and to intervene pre-symptomatically. The complexity of the metabolome has led us to utilize the mathematical algorithms of systems biology to reduce high dimensionality data to low dimensionality output. However, the metabolome does not exist in isolation and we must learn how to integrate the metabolome with other xomics. The metabolome is our world and the IEM community has much to share with the broader xomics communities by integrating what we have learned with the other xomics communities. They are seeking access to the metabolome as a closer measure of phenotype, and we are already extremely comfortable and competent in the metabolomic space. But we should not be insular in our occupation of this space. @entity21130 should be the model for personalized medicine, because it is already functioning as testing system for predictive, preventive and personalized care. We have been working in the area of @entity21130 for nearly a half century and have many lessons learned that will be valuable to the practitioners of personalized medicine - lessons that they should not have to rediscover. We must embrace the international IEM community to meet population trends and to improve the care for individuals - @entity1 and adults - with IEMs. Demographic projections indicate the countries with largest population growth during the next four decades will be in Asia and we need to work collaboratively to build capacity in the IEM community in Asia and beyond to other underserved regions of the world.

title: XXXX : the metabolome is our world. Presidential address for the 11th International Congress of @entity2246 (ICIEM).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity21130 :: ('MESH:D006475', 'Disease') :: ['NBS', 'newborn screening']

entities_list: @entity2246 :: ('MESH:D008661', 'Disease') :: ['Inborn Errors of Metabolism']

answer: @entity2246 :: (MESH:D008661,Disease) :: ['Inborn Errors of Metabolism']


abstract: SUMMARY BACKGROUND: The triplet combination of @entity1487 , @entity901 and @entity2600 for metastatic @entity14 improves efficacy at the cost of increased @entity137 . Preliminary reports indicate that triplet combination regimens might improve outcome in the RAS/ @entity8496 -mutated subgroup. @entity1 AND METHODS: This retrospective analysis included 25 @entity1 with metastatic @entity14 , who received treatment with OCX ( @entity901 , @entity2600 , @entity416 ). The regimen consisted of @entity901 70 mg/m(2) on days 1 and 15, @entity2600 100 mg/m(2) on days 8 and 22, and @entity416 1,400 mg/m(2) on days 1-29 every 5 weeks. @entity984 , @entity8497 , and @entity817 mutations were determined by Sanger sequencing. RESULTS: 23 @entity1 received at least 1 cycle and were evaluable for efficacy. In 10 @entity1 , a @entity984 or @entity817 mutation was detected. Partial remission rate was 61%, median progression-free survival 9.8 months, and median overall survival 32.9 months for all evaluable @entity1 . No difference in efficacy was detected between the RAS/ @entity8496 wild-type and the mutant group. OCX was well tolerated with no grade 3/4 haematological events. @entity294 was the major non-haematological @entity137 (24% grade 3). CONCLUSION: In this retrospective analysis, triplet chemotherapy with OCX was well tolerated and achieved encouraging efficacy in metastatic @entity14 irrespective of RAS/ @entity8496 mutation status.    2014 S. Karger GmbH, Freiburg.

title: Efficacy of Triplet Combination Chemotherapy with @entity901 , @entity2600 and @entity416 (OCX) in Metastatic @entity14 in Relation to RAS/ XXXX Mutation Status: Results of a Retrospective Analysis.

entities_list: @entity901 :: ('MESH:C030110', 'Chemical') :: ['oxaliplatin']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity2600 :: ('MESH:C051890', 'Chemical') :: ['irinotecan']

entities_list: @entity416 :: ('MESH:C110904', 'Chemical') :: ['capecitabine']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['Diarrhoea']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorouracil']

answer: @entity8496 :: (22882,Gene) :: ['RAF']


abstract: Interaction of transmembrane (TM) proteins is important in many biological processes. Large-scale computational studies using coarse-grained (CG) simulations are becoming popular. However, most CG model parameters have not fully been calibrated with respect to lateral interactions of TM peptide segments. Here, we compare the potential of mean forces (PMFs) of dimerization of TM helices obtained using a MARTINI CG model and an atomistic (AT) Berger lipids-OPLS/AA model (AT(OPLS)). For helical, @entity2340 -flanked, @entity368 -rich peptides (WL15 and WALP15) embedded in a parallel configuration in an @entity14143 slab, the AT(OPLS) PMF profiles showed a shallow minimum (with a depth of approximately 3 kJ/mol; i.e., a weak tendency to dimerize). A similar analysis using the CHARMM36 all-atom model (AT(CHARMM)) showed comparable results. In contrast, the CG analysis generally showed steep PMF curves with depths of approximately 16-22 kJ/mol, suggesting a stronger tendency to dimerize compared to the AT model. This CG > AT discrepancy in the propensity for dimerization was also seen for @entity14144 ( @entity14145 )-embedded peptides. For a WL15 (and WALP15)/ @entity14145 bilayer system, AT(OPLS) PMF showed a repulsive mean force for a wide range of interhelical distances, in contrast to the attractive forces observed in the @entity14143 system. The change from the @entity14143 slab to the @entity14145 bilayer also mitigated the dimerization propensity in the CG system. The dimerization energies of CG (AALALAA)3 peptides in @entity14145 and @entity14146 bilayers were in good agreement with previous experimental data. The lipid headgroup, but not the length of the lipid tails, was a key causative factor contributing to the differences between @entity14143 and @entity14145 . Furthermore, the CG model, but not the AT model, showed high sensitivity to changes in @entity535 residues located near the lipid-water interface and hydrophobic mismatch between the peptides and membrane. These findings may help interpret CG and AT simulation results on membrane proteins.

title: Potential of mean force analysis of the self-association of XXXX -rich transmembrane a-helices: difference between atomistic and coarse-grained simulations.

entities_list: @entity368 :: ('CHEBI:25017', 'Chemical') :: ['leucine']

entities_list: @entity14144 :: ('MESH:C015153', 'Chemical') :: ['dilauroylphosphatidylcholine']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity2340 :: ('CHEBI:27897', 'Chemical') :: ['tryptophan']

entities_list: @entity14146 :: ('MESH:C017251', 'Chemical') :: ['dioleoylphosphatidylcholine']

answer: @entity368 :: (CHEBI:25017,Chemical) :: ['leucine']


abstract: @entity661 is a recognized form of treatment of @entity4794 . In Geneva between 1986 and 1993, 62 procedures were attempted in 60 @entity1 (87% females) aged 48 +/- 17 years (12 to 80 years). @entity1 selection was based on symptoms (NYHA class), echocardiography (valve area, Boston score), and hemodynamics. 11 @entity1 (18%) had undergone surgical commissurotomy in the past, 28 @entity1 (47%) were in @entity955 , and 12 @entity1 (30%) had a history of peripheral emboli. Mild or moderate @entity339 was present angiographically in 17 @entity1 (28%) and echographically in 42 @entity1 (70%). Esophageal echocardiography was performed in 37 @entity1 (62%) before the procedure. In 52 @entity1 (84%) a single balloon (Inoue technique) was used. Technical success was obtained in 59 procedures (95%). Following the procedure, mitral valve area increased from 1.1 +/- 0.3 to 1.8 +/- 0.3 cm2 (p < 0.0001) at echocardiography and from 1.1 +/- 0.3 to 1.9 +/- 0.5 cm2 (p < 0.0001) based on invasive hemodynamic data. There were 5 complications directly related to the procedure. In two cases @entity2293 developed, one after pericardial perforation during the transseptal approach and one because of left ventricular perforation. The second @entity1 required surgical treatment. In two other cases, a moderate @entity2294 without clinical consequences was observed. In one case the @entity1211 malfunctioned, rendering surgical repair of the right femoral vein necessary. A residual @entity118 was observed at echography in 13 @entity1 (22%). @entity339 was increased in 6 @entity1 (10%) angiographically and in 9 @entity1 (15%) at echocardiography.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Percutaneous valvuloplasty in the treatment of XXXX : results in Geneva].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity339 :: ('MESH:D008944', 'Disease') :: ['Mitral insufficiency', 'mitral insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity2293 :: ('MESH:D002305', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac tamponade']

entities_list: @entity2294 :: ('MESH:D010490', 'Disease') :: ['pericardial effusion']

entities_list: @entity661 :: ('MESH:D054549', 'Disease') :: ['Percutaneous balloon valvotomy']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity4794 :: ('MESH:D008946', 'Disease') :: ['mitral stenosis']

entities_list: @entity118 :: ('MESH:D006344', 'Disease') :: ['atrial septal defect']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['venous sheath']

answer: @entity4794 :: (MESH:D008946,Disease) :: ['mitral stenosis']


abstract: Endosymbiotic bacteria from different species can live inside cells of the same eukaryotic organism. Metabolic exchanges occur between host and bacteria but also between different endocytobionts. Since a complete genome annotation is available for both, we built the metabolic network of two endosymbiotic bacteria, @entity23204 and @entity23205 , that live inside specific cells of the sharpshooter @entity12875 and studied the metabolic exchanges involving transfers of @entity505 atoms between the three. We automatically determined the set of metabolites potentially exogenously acquired (seeds) for both metabolic networks. We show that the number of seeds needed by both bacteria in the @entity505 metabolism is extremely reduced. Moreover, only three seeds are common to both metabolic networks, indicating that the complementarity of the two metabolisms is not only manifested in the metabolic capabilities of each bacterium, but also by their different use of the same environment. Furthermore, our results show that the @entity505 metabolism of @entity23204 may be completely independent of the metabolic network of @entity23205 . On the contrary, the @entity505 metabolism of the latter appears dependent on the metabolism of @entity23204 , at least for two essential @entity1522 , @entity1889 and @entity376 . Next, in order to define which subsets of seeds (precursor sets) are sufficient to produce the metabolites involved in a symbiotic function, we used a graph-based method, PITUFO, that we recently developed. Our results highly refine our knowledge about the complementarity between the metabolisms of the two bacteria and their host. We thus indicate seeds that appear obligatory in the synthesis of metabolites are involved in the symbiotic function. Our results suggest both @entity23205 and @entity23204 may be completely independent of the metabolites provided by the co-resident endocytobiont to produce the @entity505 backbone of the metabolites provided to the symbiotic system (., thr and lys are only exploited by @entity23205 to produce its proteins).

title: Graph-based analysis of the metabolic exchanges between two co-resident intracellular symbionts, @entity23205 and XXXX , with their insect host, @entity12875 .

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity23204 :: ('336810', 'Species') :: ['S. muelleri', 'Sulcia muelleri']

entities_list: @entity12875 :: ('197043', 'Species') :: ['Homalodisca coagulata']

entities_list: @entity23205 :: ('186490', 'Species') :: ['Baumannia cicadellinicola', 'B. cicadellinicola']

entities_list: @entity376 :: ('CHEBI:25094', 'Chemical') :: ['lysine']

entities_list: @entity1889 :: ('CHEBI:26986', 'Chemical') :: ['threonine']

answer: @entity23204 :: (336810,Species) :: ['Sulcia muelleri']


abstract: Abstract Background: Although their benefits are controversial, artificial nutrition and hydration are often administered as a form of basic care to terminally ill @entity1 . An important reason for this may be that these treatments have strong emotional and psychological meanings. AIMS: In the present article we investigated the opinions of Italian physicians and nurses on the administration of artificial nutrition and hydration to terminally ill @entity1 with advanced @entity303 . We also investigated the antecedents of these opinions, considering feelings and thoughts related to @entity204 , ethical issues and training in palliative care. METHOD: A questionnaire was administered to Italian physicians (n=288) and nurses (n=763). We analyzed the percentages of agreement with the administration of artificial nutrition and hydration and, using multivariate logistic regressions, the possible antecedents of these opinions. RESULTS: Agreement with the provision of artificial hydration was higher (73%) than for artificial nutrition (48%), suggesting that artificial hydration may be seen as a form of basic care. Agreement with their administration was generally lower among professionals in northern Italy working in geriatrics wards who had received training in palliative care. We also found that @entity204 -related feelings and thoughts and ethical issues played a different part for physicians and nurses. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that opinions concerning artificial nutrition and hydration not only derive from scientific background, but also relate to cultural, ethical, and psychological issues. Our results also reveal important differences between physicians' and nurses' opinions, providing useful information for interpreting and overcoming obstacles to the effective cooperation between these professionals.

title: Artificial Nutrition and Hydration in Terminally Ill @entity1 with Advanced XXXX : Opinions and Correlates among Italian Physicians and Nurses.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

answer: @entity303 :: (MESH:D003704,Disease) :: ['Dementia']


abstract: @entity765 of the head and neck are uncommon and associated with a posttreatment recurrence rate as high as 70 percent. This study was undertaken to determine cure rates achievable by surgery and radiotherapy and the factors influencing failure. A chart review of all @entity1 at our institution with @entity765 of the head and neck from 1919 to 1982 was undertaken, and pertinent data were tabulated. Forty-eight @entity1 were found with this problem. Average duration of symptoms was 1.6 years, and @entity5 size ranged from 1 to 12 cm (mean 5.1 cm). Average follow-up was 5.8 years. The most common site of occurrence was the neck (34 @entity1 ). Thirty-two @entity1 underwent complete excision with 8 recurrences; 4 were reexcised with no further recurrence at last follow-up. Fourteen @entity1 had incomplete excision with 12 recurrences. Radiotherapy was employed as the primary therapy in two @entity1 ; both experienced recurrence. Complete excision is the only effective treatment for @entity765 of the head and neck, resulting in a disease-free state in 75 percent of the @entity1 (87 percent after reexcision). Involvement of the brachial plexus was the chief factor precluding complete excision. Radiotherapy was of very little value.

title: XXXX of the head and neck.

entities_list: @entity765 :: ('MESH:D018222', 'Disease') :: ['Desmoid tumors', 'desmoid tumors']

answer: @entity765 :: (MESH:D018222,Disease) :: ['Desmoid tumors']


abstract: @entity438 ( @entity438 ) are rare: few more than 100 cases are recorded in the world literature. @entity438 are located predominantly in the supratentorial compartment and are classified as either "true" or "false." A true @entity439 is a dilation resulting from partial disruption of the arterial wall. A false @entity439 results from a full-thickness tear, with the scar from the brain tissue or an organized @entity1410 acting as the aneurysmal wall. The authors present a case of a false traumatic @entity438 , which was discovered in a young @entity1 fourteen months after a self-inflicted gunshot wound to his head. The @entity439 was an incidental finding on a CT scan performed for the investigation of his late posttraumatic @entity410 . Its presence was confirmed by angiography. The interval between the traumatic episode and the diagnosis of a @entity2974 usually ranges from a few hours to a few weeks, for most are discovered by angiography performed in the acute or subacute stage of a @entity542 . The long interval between the injury and the diagnosis in our case is exceptional. A previous CT scan done four months after the injury did not reveal the @entity439 , which strongly suggests a protracted growth of the aneurysmal sac long after the @entity130 .

title: Traumatic XXXX of cerebral vessels: a case study and review of the literature.

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['head injury']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['TCAs', 'Traumatic cerebral aneurysms', 'aneurysm of the pericallosal artery']

answer: @entity439 :: (MESH:D000783,Disease) :: ['aneurysms']


abstract: Cell suspensions from the lymph nodes of @entity1072 (n = 94) and nodular and @entity8462 (n = 330) were analyzed to evaluate the diagnostic significance of the surface immunoglobulin (SIg) intensity and @entity19 rosette assay (MR). In @entity1072 , SIg was monoclonal in 65 cases (69.15%), with weak fluorescence in 59 (90.77%). It was not detected in 29 cases (30.85%). The MR findings were positive in 68 cases (72.34%) and negative in 26 (27.66%). The combined results of these two assays showed the following: weak SIg/MR+, 35 (37.23%); weak SIg/MR-, 24 (25.53%); strong SIg/MR+, 6 (6.38%); strong SIg/MR-, 0; undetected SIg/MR+, 27 (28.72%); and undetected SIg/MR-, 2 (2.13%). By performing the assays for these two markers and accepting weak SIg/MR+, weak SIg/MR-, strong SIg/MR+, or undetected SIg/MR+ as sufficient for diagnosis, 92 cases (97.87%) were diagnosed. In @entity8462 , SIg was monoclonal in 287 cases (86.97%), with strong fluorescence in 258 (89.9%) and weak fluorescence in 29 (10.1%). It was not detected in 43 cases (13.03%). The MR results were positive in 34 cases (10.3%) and negative in 296 (89.7%). The combined findings of these two assays showed that strong SIg/MR- was present in 244 cases (73.94%). The diagnostic value of the combined assay in the differential diagnosis between @entity1072 and @entity8462 was proved using five statistical parameters.

title: Combined assay of surface immunoglobulin intensity and XXXX rosettes. A practical parameter in the differential diagnosis of small lymphocytic and follicular center cell lymphomas.

entities_list: @entity1072 :: ('MESH:D015451', 'Disease') :: ['small lymphocytic lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity8462 :: ('MESH:D008224', 'Disease') :: ['diffuse follicular center cell lymphomas']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: 1. The effects of omega-conotoxin GVIA ( @entity19376 ) and @entity1022 ( @entity4524 ) on vasoconstrictions induced by @entity934 ( @entity3451 ) and @entity1239 were investigated and compared with those induced by periarterial electrical stimulation in the isolated and perfused @entity235 splenic arteries. 2. @entity3451 and @entity1239 at doses of 0.01 to 1 mumol constricted the splenic artery, dose-dependently. @entity3451 induced consistent responses, but the vasoconstrictor responses to @entity1239 became significantly smaller with repeated administration of @entity1239 . 3. Periarterial electrical stimulation produced a vasoconstriction that was abolished by either @entity4524 (30 nmol) or @entity19376 (3 nmol), but the vasoconstrictor response to @entity1239 was not significantly affected by the same doses of @entity4524 and @entity19376 . Inhibitions by @entity4524 and @entity19376 of @entity3451 -induced vasoconstrictions were small but statistically significant, showing that the percentage inhibition was less than 15%. @entity4524 and @entity19376 did not affect the vasoconstrictor responses to exogenous @entity1063 (NA). 4. @entity3451 did not produce any vasoconstriction in the preparations treated either with alpha-adrenoceptor antagonists (10 microM @entity10820 and 10 microM midaglizole) or with 30 microM @entity2997 . NA-induced responses were abolished by alpha-adrenoceptor antagonists, but not affected by @entity2997 treatment. 5. Vascular responses to @entity3451 were completely inhibited by 1 mumol @entity4033 . In the preparations treated with 100 nmol @entity1239 , @entity3451 did not produce any vasoconstriction. However, the NA-induced vasoconstriction was affected by neither @entity4033 nor @entity1239 treatment. 6. @entity3897 (1 microM) significantly inhibited but did not abolish the vasoconstrictor responses to @entity3451 . The vascular responses to @entity1239 and NA were also significantly inhibited by @entity3897 treatment. 7. These results indicate that (1) @entity3451 constricts the splenic artery through the activation of presynaptic nicotinic receptors present on the sympathetic nerves; (2) differential effects of @entity4524 and @entity19376 on the vascular responses to @entity3451 and @entity1239 , and to electrical stimulation suggest that the receptor-operated ion channels are mainly responsible for NA release induced by nicotinic receptor stimulation, but N-type VOCCs are responsible for that by electrical stimulation; (3) @entity3897 may have an inhibitory action on @entity1239 -related responses, in addition to its inhibitory action on NA.

title: Differential effects of omega-conotoxin GVIA and @entity1022 on vasoconstrictions evoked by electrical stimulation and nicotinic receptor stimulation in XXXX isolated, perfused splenic arteries.

entities_list: @entity2997 :: ('MESH:D006145', 'Chemical') :: ['guanethidine']

entities_list: @entity4033 :: ('MESH:D018738', 'Chemical') :: ['hexamethonium']

entities_list: @entity1022 :: ('MESH:D013779', 'Chemical') :: ['tetrodotoxin']

entities_list: @entity1239 :: ('MESH:D009538', 'Chemical') :: ['nicotine']

entities_list: @entity10820 :: ('MESH:C018176', 'Chemical') :: ['bunazosin']

entities_list: @entity3897 :: ('MESH:D001285', 'Chemical') :: ['Atropine', 'atropine']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['noradrenaline']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['canine']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the safety and efficacy of intravitreal @entity2995 as treatment for @entity1103 associated with central @entity2994 (CRVO). METHODS: We reviewed the medical records of 13 consecutive @entity1 (13 eyes) with @entity1103 associated with CRVO who were treated with an injection of intravitreal @entity2995 (4 mg) at the University of Wisconsin and the Bascom Palmer Eye Institute. Each intravitreal injection was delivered through the pars plana using a 27- or 30-gauge needle. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Change in Snellen visual acuity, clinical appearance of @entity1103 , measurement of foveal thickening with optical coherence tomography (OCT), and frequency of complications. RESULTS: The median age of the 13 @entity1 was 67 years (interquartile range, 57-77 years), and the median duration of symptoms before injection was 8 months (interquartile range, 4-9 months). Mean baseline visual acuity was 20/500 in the affected eye. Mean visual acuity at the 6-month follow-up examination was 20/180 in the affected eye. All 13 @entity1 completed the 6-month examination. Eyes with nonischemic CRVO (n = 5) demonstrated a significant improvement in visual acuity, whereas eyes with @entity63 CRVO (n = 8) demonstrated a nonsignificant visual acuity improvement. No @entity1 had a decrease in visual acuity. Mean baseline foveal thickness as measured by OCT was 590 micro m (retinal thickening = 416 micro m). Mean foveal thickness as measured by OCT at the 1-month follow-up examination in 12 @entity1 was 212 micro m (retinal thickening = 38 micro m). At the 3-month follow-up examination, mean foveal thickness as measured by OCT for 13 @entity1 was 193 micro m (retinal thickening = 19 micro m). Between the 3- and 6-month follow-up examinations, 4 @entity1 developed a recurrence of @entity1103 . Three of the 4 @entity1 were retreated with a second injection of @entity2713 . Two of these 3 @entity1 experienced an improvement in visual acuity following retreatment. At the 6-month follow-up examination, mean foveal thickness as measured by OCT for 13 @entity1 was 281 micro m (retinal thickening = 107 micro m). No adverse effects such as @entity1713 or @entity3225 occurred. One @entity1 experienced an increase in intraocular pressure that was controlled with 2 aqueous suppressants. CONCLUSIONS: Intravitreal injection of @entity2713 appears to be a possibly effective treatment in some @entity1 with @entity1103 associated with CRVO. @entity1 with nonischemic CRVO may respond more favorably than @entity1 with @entity63 CRVO, and retreatment may be necessary in some @entity1 . In this case series, severe complications were not noted.

title: Intravitreal @entity2713 for the treatment of @entity1103 associated with central XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2995 :: ('MESH:D014222', 'Chemical') :: ['triamcinolone acetonide']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity1713 :: ('MESH:D012163', 'Disease') :: ['retinal detachment']

entities_list: @entity2994 :: ('MESH:D012170', 'Disease') :: ['retinal vein occlusion']

entities_list: @entity1103 :: ('MESH:D008269', 'Disease') :: ['macular edema']

entities_list: @entity3225 :: ('MESH:D009877', 'Disease') :: ['endophthalmitis']

entities_list: @entity2713 :: ('MESH:D014221', 'Chemical') :: ['triamcinolone']

answer: @entity2994 :: (MESH:D012170,Disease) :: ['retinal vein occlusion']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: While the results of mitral repair in ischaemic @entity339 have been repeatedly reported, less data are available about the outcome of surgical @entity339 ( @entity339 ) in @entity1000 ( @entity1000 ) which represents the topic of this study. METHODS: Fifty-four @entity1000 @entity1 (mean age 63    10.5 years) underwent mitral valve repair for severe @entity339 . Coronary angiography confirmed the absence of @entity301 in all @entity1 . Most of the @entity1 (77.7%) were in New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III-IV. Pre-operative ejection fraction (EF) was 30.4    8.5%, left ventricle end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD) 67.5    7.8 mm, left ventricle end-systolic diameter (LVESD) diameter 53.9    8.3 mm. Concomitant procedures were @entity955 ( @entity955 ) ablation (19 @entity1 ) and tricuspid repair (17 @entity1 ). Follow-up was 100% complete (mean 4.2    2.5 years, median 4.2 years, range 3.3 months-11.1 years). RESULTS: In-hospital mortality was 5.6%. Actuarial survival at 6.5 years was 69    8.8%. @entity1 submitted to successful @entity955 and/or cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) had a significantly better survival (91    7.9 vs 67    9.5%, P = 0.01). Freedom from MR>= 3+/4+ was 89.1    5.7% at 6.5 years. Follow-up echocardiography showed a reduction in LVEDD (P < 0.0001) and LVESD (P = 0.0003). Mean EF increased to 38.7    12.4% (P < 0.0001). Multivariate analysis identified successful ablation of @entity955 and/or CRT (P = 0.01) and higher preoperative EF (0.03) as predictors of overall survival. Successful ablation of @entity955 and/or CRT (P = 0.02) and lower preoperative systolic pulmonary artery pressure (0.04) were identified as independent predictors of reverse LV remodelling at follow-up. At last follow-up, 86.2% of the @entity1 were in NYHA II or less. CONCLUSIONS: Mitral repair for @entity339 in well-selected @entity1000 @entity1 is associated with low hospital mortality and significant clinical benefit at late follow-up. Concomitant successful @entity955 and/or CRT provide a major symptomatic and prognostic advantage and should be associated to mitral surgery whenever indicated.

title: Long-term results of mitral repair for @entity339 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity339 :: ('MESH:D008944', 'Disease') :: ['FMR', 'repair of functional mitral regurgitation', 'mitral regurgitation']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary disease']

entities_list: @entity1000 :: ('MESH:C536277', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy', 'iDCM']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation', 'AF ablation', 'AF']

answer: @entity1000 :: (MESH:C536277,Disease) :: ['idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Surface topography is a key parameter in bone cells-biomaterials interactions. This study analyzed the behavior of @entity1 osteoclast precursor cells cultured over three @entity692 (HA) surfaces ranging from a micro- to nanoscale topography. METHODS: HA surfaces were prepared with microsized HA particles, at 1300  C ( @entity12452 ), and with nanosized HA particles at 1000  C ( @entity15657 ) and 830  C ( @entity21732 ). @entity1 osteoclast precursors were cultured in the absence or presence of M-SCF and @entity5298 . RESULTS: HA surfaces had similar chemical composition, however, @entity12452 and @entity21732 presented typical micro- and nanostructured topographies, respectively, and @entity15657 profile was between those of @entity12452 and @entity21732 . The decrease on the average grain diameter to the nanoscale range ( @entity21732 ) was accompanied by an increase in surface area, porosity and hydrophilicity and a decrease in roughness. Compared to @entity12452 surface, @entity21732 allowed a lower @entity2527 , differentiation and function. Differences in the cell response appeared to be associated with the modulation of relevant intracellular signaling pathways. CONCLUSIONS: The decrease in HA grain size to a biomimetic nanoscale range, appears less attractive to osteoclastic differentiation and function, compared to the HA microsized topography. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE: This observation emphasizes the role of surface topography in designing advanced biomaterials for tailored bone cells response in regenerative strategies.

title: Osteoclastogenic differentiation of @entity1 precursor cells over micro- and nanostructured XXXX topography.

entities_list: @entity692 :: ('MESH:D017886', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxyapatite']

entities_list: @entity2527 :: ('MESH:D001862', 'Disease') :: ['osteoclastic adhesion']

answer: @entity692 :: (MESH:D017886,Chemical) :: ['hydroxyapatite']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Acquired @entity2150 is an immune-mediated disease characterised by severe defects in stem cell number resulting in @entity236 . Minor @entity7965 populations and a short telomere length were identified as predictive biomarkers of immunosuppressive therapy responsiveness in @entity2150 . We enrolled 113 @entity2150 @entity1 (63 @entity1 and 50 @entity1 ) in this study to evaluate their response to immunosuppressive therapy. The @entity7965 populations and telomere length were detected by flow cytometry. Forty-seven @entity1 (42%) carried a minor @entity7965 population. The median telomere length of @entity2150 @entity1 was -0.99 SD (range, -4.01-+3.01 SD). Overall, 60 @entity1 (53%) responded to immunosuppressive therapy after 6 months. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified the absence of a @entity7965 population and a shorter telomere length as independent unfavourable predictors of immunosuppressive therapy response at 6 months. The cohort was stratified into a group of poor prognosis ( @entity7965 negative and shorter telomere length; 37 @entity1 ) and good prognosis ( @entity7965 positive and/or longer telomere length; 76 @entity1 ), respectively. The response rates of the poor prognosis and good prognosis groups at 6 months were 19% and 70%, respectively (p < 0.001). The combined absence of a minor @entity7965 population and a short telomere length is an efficient predictor of poor immunosuppressive therapy response, which should be considered while deciding treatment options: immunosuppressive therapy or first-line hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The trial was registered in www.umin.ac.jp with number UMIN000017972.

title: @entity7965 and telomere length predicts response to immunosuppressive therapy in pediatric XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'girls', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity236 :: ('MESH:D001855', 'Disease') :: ['hypocellular marrow and peripheral blood cytopenias']

entities_list: @entity2150 :: ('MESH:D000741', 'Disease') :: ['aplastic anemia']

entities_list: @entity7965 :: ('MESH:D006457', 'Disease') :: ['paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria']

answer: @entity2150 :: (MESH:D000741,Disease) :: ['aplastic anemia']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Protein-DNA interaction is of fundamental importance in molecular biology, playing roles in functions as diverse as DNA transcription, DNA structure formation, and DNA repair. Protein-DNA association is also important in medicine; understanding Protein-DNA binding kinetics can assist in identifying disease root causes which can contribute to drug development. In this perspective, this work focuses on the transcription process by the GATA Transcription Factor (TF). GATA TF binds to DNA promoter region represented by  G,A,T,A' @entity2036 sequence, and initiates transcription of target genes. When proper regulation fails due to some mutations on the GATA TF protein sequence or on the DNA promoter sequence (weak promoter), deregulation of the target genes might lead to various disorders. In this study, we aim to understand the electrostatic mechanism behind GATA TF and DNA promoter interactions, in order to predict Protein-DNA binding in the presence of mutations, while elaborating on non-covalent binding kinetics. To generate a family of mutants for the GATA:DNA complex, we replaced every charged @entity3689 , one at a time, with a neutral @entity3689 like @entity3929 (Ala). We then applied Poisson-Boltzmann electrostatic calculations feeding into free energy calculations, for each mutation. These calculations delineate the contribution to binding from each Ala-replaced @entity3689 in the GATA:DNA interaction. After analyzing the obtained data in view of a two-step model, we are able to identify potential key @entity3534 in binding. Finally, we applied the model to @entity9388 :DNA (crystal structure with PDB-ID: 3DFV) binding complex and validated it against experimental results from the literature.

title: Electrostatic study of XXXX mutational effects on transcription: application to @entity9388 :DNA interaction complex.

entities_list: @entity3534 :: ('MESH:D000596', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity2036 :: ('MESH:D009711', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotides']

answer: @entity3929 :: (D000409,Chemical) :: ['Alanine']


abstract: The question of whether to take @entity34 ( @entity34 ) will impact every @entity1 as she enters reproductive senescence. In @entity1 , studies suggest that ovarian hormone loss associated with menopause has deleterious cognitive effects. Results from clinical studies evaluating whether @entity172 -containing @entity34 mitigates these effects, and benefits cognition, are discrepant. Type of menopause, surgical vs. transitional, impacts cognitive outcome in @entity1 . However, whether type of menopause impacts cognitive effects of @entity34 has not been methodically tested in @entity1 or an animal model. We used the @entity5214 rodent model of @entity43 , which mimics transitional menopause, and the traditional @entity35 model of menopause, ovariectomy, to cognitively test the most commonly prescribed @entity172 therapy in the United States, conjugated @entity1641 @entity172 ( @entity17916 ). Here we show conjugated @entity1641 @entity172 benefited cognition in surgically menopausal @entity35 , but, in contrast, @entity73 in transitionally menopausal @entity35 . @entity2671 , released from the residual transitional menopausal ovary, was positively associated with impaired performance, replicating our previous findings in @entity5214 animals. The current findings are especially salient given that no clinical study testing cognition has methodically separated these two populations of menopausal @entity1 for analysis. That we now show surgical vs. transitional modes of menopause result in disparate cognitive effects of @entity34 has implications for future research and treatments optimizing @entity34 for menopausal @entity1 .

title: The cognitive effects of conjugated XXXX @entity172 depend on whether menopause etiology is transitional or surgical.

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen', 'estrogens']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian follicle depletion']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['impaired cognition']

entities_list: @entity5214 :: ('MESH:C012606', 'Chemical') :: ['4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide']

entities_list: @entity2671 :: ('MESH:D000735', 'Chemical') :: ['Androstenedione']

entities_list: @entity34 :: ('MESH:D016609', 'Disease') :: ['hormone therapy', 'HT']

answer: @entity1641 :: (9796,Species) :: ['equine']


abstract: Thirty of 118 cases of childhood onset @entity1252 collected in the Parisian area had an unfavorable outcome. Thirteen @entity1 evolved to @entity454 . Seven survived with renal substitution therapy, and 6 other @entity1 subsequently died. Most had diffuse proliferative @entity631 , the pattern of @entity8 classically responsible for @entity454 . Three @entity1 had @entity8 with @entity1347 , a form of @entity631 whose severe prognosis should be emphasized. In another @entity1 , @entity454 was precipitated by @entity9818 . Seventeen other @entity1 died and in most, the causes of @entity204 were multiple. In 7, @entity204 could be attributed to complications secondary to an @entity281 and in 4 other cases to @entity1252 exacerbation with severe organ involvement. Two @entity1 died suddenly, another showed @entity712 and another had malignant @entity101 . Of the remaining 2 @entity1 , one @entity532 after treatment for @entity2791 and the second, an @entity189 . Unfavorable evolutions were high among @entity1 coming from French departments and territories, and among North African @entity1 . One may speculate that poor outcome is associated with ethnic characteristics or with socioeconomic factors. However, the problem of compliance with treatment is clearly an extremely important factor in the prognosis. Both @entity454 and @entity204 were in some of our cases precipitated by treatment interruption, indicating an insufficient understanding of the importance of treatment in this @entity102 .

title: Unfavorable outcomes ( @entity454 ) in childhood onset XXXX . A multicenter study in Paris and its environs.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity9818 :: ('MESH:D057049', 'Disease') :: ['thrombotic microangiopathy']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['membranous nephropathy', 'glomerular disease']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac failure']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity1347 :: ('MESH:C537775', 'Disease') :: ['segmental lesions']

entities_list: @entity1252 :: ('MESH:D008180', 'Disease') :: ['SLE', 'systemic lupus erythematosus']

entities_list: @entity532 :: ('MESH:D003925', 'Disease') :: ['suffered anticoagulant therapy complications']

entities_list: @entity2791 :: ('MESH:D012078', 'Disease') :: ['renal artery stenosis']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['urothelial carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic disease']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity631 :: ('MESH:D005921', 'Disease') :: ['glomerulonephritis']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage renal failure']

answer: @entity1252 :: (MESH:D008180,Disease) :: ['systemic lupus erythematosus']


abstract: @entity731 , the most frequent complication of @entity6 , could be the result of @entity407 , among other factors. Mounting evidence suggests that reducing the concentration of @entity412 -rich lipoprotein, which influences the production of the possibly atherogenic intermediate density lipoprotein (IDL), might diminish the circulating level of potentially atherogenic lipoproteins. @entity2298 , even in the absence of @entity28 , is associated with insulin resistance. To compensate, pancreatic B cells respond to @entity413 challenge by producing @entity3190 . If the B cells cannot respond adequately, @entity1735 intolerance ensues. Insulin-treated @entity6 may also become hyperinsulinemic because routine insulin injection may not reflect physiologic need and because the insulin is administered peripherally rather than portally. @entity3190 increases the production of circulating @entity412 . It appears to do this in @entity35 by causing the production of more @entity412 -rich lipoprotein particles rather than by increasing the @entity412 content of each particle. Further, at least in @entity35 , the insulin-induced increase in @entity412 production requires the presence of supplementary dietary @entity948 . @entity3190 also increases the activity of adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase and the degradation of very low density lipoprotein (VLDL). The concentration of VLDL depends on balance of production and degradation. Accelerated VLDL degradation leads to an increase in IDL production. Because there is mounting evidence that IDL may be atherogenic, this cycle could accelerate atherogenesis. As such, it is reasonable to postulate that reducing the concentration of @entity412 -rich lipoproteins would break this cycle and would diminish the circulating level of potentially atherogenic lipoproteins.

title: XXXX and @entity1735 intolerance: interrelations and therapeutic implications.

entities_list: @entity407 :: ('MESH:D006949', 'Disease') :: ['hyperlipidemia']

entities_list: @entity2298 :: ('MESH:D015228', 'Disease') :: ['Hypertriglyceridemia']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetics', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity948 :: ('MESH:D005632', 'Chemical') :: ['fructose']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity3190 :: ('MESH:D006946', 'Disease') :: ['Hyperinsulinemia', 'hyperinsulinemia']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['Atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity2298 :: (MESH:D015228,Disease) :: ['Hypertriglyceridemia']


abstract: The functional and morphological aspects of craniosynostoses are reviewed, based on a series of 462 operations, 350 intra-cranial pressure recordings and 300 I.Q. assessments. @entity428 and @entity73 are linked. The frequency of intracranial @entity101 is higher when more than one suture is involved, but even monosutural craniosynostoses can be affected. @entity428 had @entity1032 are more frequent after one year of age than before. Surgery lowers the intracranial pressure and halts the mental regression. The younger the @entity1 is at the time of surgery, the better the results. Surgery does not improve the I.Q. once it is already impaired. Morphological results of frontocranial remodeling are good and remain so with growth. @entity154 associated with @entity91 after early frontocranial remodeling, except for the severe midface retrusion of @entity2168 and @entity4886 that need in most cases a supplementary midface advancement.

title: Craniofacial surgery for XXXX : functional and morphological results.

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['Facial anomalies']

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['mental deficiency']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity428 :: ('MESH:D019586', 'Disease') :: ['Increased intracranial pressure']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['mental impairment']

entities_list: @entity4886 :: ('MESH:D000168', 'Disease') :: ["Apert's syndrome"]

entities_list: @entity2168 :: ('MESH:D003394', 'Disease') :: ["Crouzon's disease"]

entities_list: @entity91 :: ('MESH:D003398', 'Disease') :: ['craniosynostoses improve']

answer: @entity91 :: (MESH:D003398,Disease) :: ['craniosynostosis']


abstract: PC12 is a clonal line of @entity35 @entity1911 . The cells secrete @entity935 and @entity934 by a @entity141 -dependent process. The requirement for @entity6883 ( @entity855 ) in secretion from PC12 was investigated. Cellular levels of @entity855 were decreased by brief treatments with inhibitors of glycolysis or oxidative phosphorylation. In order to deplete @entity855 stores below 40% of control values during a 5-min treatment with these compounds, it was necessary to inhibit both glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation. Depletion of @entity855 pools to as little as 10% of control values did not result in any inhibition of @entity935 or @entity934 release evoked by 55 mM K+ or by @entity5402 . Rather, in many cases spontaneous and evoked releases were significantly increased under these conditions. The release observed in @entity855 -depleted cells was @entity141 dependent. The data indicate that, unlike the situation with most other secretory cells, secretion from PC12 is independent of @entity855 . In PC12 some proteins involved in the secretion process may be altered so as to make the process independent of @entity855 ; this may be due to the fact that PC12 is a @entity5 cell line. @entity10393 -containing proteins, which are present in some other @entity5 cells, were not found in PC12.

title: XXXX independent secretion from PC12 @entity1911 cells.

entities_list: @entity1911 :: ('MESH:D010673', 'Disease') :: ['pheochromocytoma']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity6883 :: ('CHEBI:15422', 'Chemical') :: ["adenosine 5'-triphosphate"]

entities_list: @entity10393 :: ('CHEBI:74956', 'Chemical') :: ['Phosphotyrosine']

entities_list: @entity5402 :: ('MESH:D002217', 'Chemical') :: ['carbachol']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity6883 :: (CHEBI:15422,Chemical) :: ['Adenosine 5'-triphosphate']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: In Kuwait, @entity0 is the most common form of @entity5 among @entity1 . The present study reviews the clinical features, treatment methods and treatment results of @entity0 @entity1 registered in the Kuwait Cancer Control Center (KCCC) and compares these features with those reported in other Arab countries, @entity4324 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: The present study examines 823 @entity1 with @entity0 who were registered in the KCCC from 1993 to 1998. @entity1 were identified through the Kuwait Cancer Registry and their cases were followed for at least five years. RESULTS: Eleven males accounted for 1.3% of all @entity1 . The average age was one decade younger than that reported in western countries but similar to reports from Egypt and GCC countries. Surgery was applied in 90.4% of @entity1 . Breast conservation (lumpectomy and axillary clearance) was performed in 19.6% of @entity1 , while mastectomy and axillary clearance was adopted in 60.8%. Radiotherapy was applied in 67.7% of @entity1 and chemotherapy in 60.8%. The long-term overall survival and disease-free survival amounted to 76+/-6.4% and 54+/-4.6% respectively. Prognostic factors were analyzed using univariate and multivariate analysis. According to multivariate analysis the nodal status, the number of involved nodes and histopathology were independent prognostic factors. Comparable results were achieved after both breast conservation and mastectomy. CONCLUSIONS: Since breast conservation protocols yield results similar to mastectomy, its use should be extended. Search for biological prognostic indicators should continue for their potential use as guides for treatment decisions.

title: Multidisciplinary approach to XXXX management in Kuwait, 1993-1998.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity4324 :: ('MESH:C567261', 'Disease') :: ['Europe and North America']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity282 has been defined as @entity158 arising after a surgical operation, present for at least 2 months, with no organic (active @entity5 or @entity281 ) or pre-existing cause. The purpose of this article is to review the aetiological and diagnostic assessment of chronic @entity282 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: A review of the literature was performed by searching PUBMED for articles on the diagnostic approach to chronic @entity282 . RESULTS: The chronology of the symptoms, i.e., rapid onset of @entity158 following a surgical procedure that does not subsequently resolve, is a leading argument to incriminate the surgical procedure in the pathogenesis of the @entity158 . Clinical examination of the scars and detailed analysis of the topography and type of @entity158 are essential elements in the analysis of this @entity158 . The primary objective of complementary investigations (imaging, EMG, etc.) is to eliminate a differential diagnosis, as they are normal in the case of @entity282 . A test block of a nerve or trigger point is the main test performed to determine the level of the lesion responsible for @entity158 . CONCLUSION: The aetiological and diagnostic assessment of chronic @entity282 requires a detailed clinical analysis based on examination of the scars and analysis of the clinical signs of @entity121 . A local test block confirms the level of the lesion.

title: [General principles of the diagnostic approach to chronic XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['chronic infection']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['chronic postoperative pain', 'Chronic postoperative pain', 'postoperative pelvic and perineal pain']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['muscle and nerve lesions']

answer: @entity282 :: (MESH:D010149,Disease) :: ['postoperative pelvic and perineal pain']


abstract: OBJECT: The authors describe their experience with stereotactic implantation of insular depth electrodes in @entity1 with medically intractable @entity302 . METHODS: Between 2001 and 2009, 20 @entity1 with @entity302 and suspected insular involvement during @entity410 underwent intracranial electrode array implantation at the authors' institution. All @entity1 had either 1 or 2 insular depth electrodes placed as part of an intracranial array. RESULTS: A total of 29 insular depth electrodes were placed using a frontal oblique trajectory. Eleven @entity1 had a single insular electrode placed and 8 @entity1 had 2 insular electrodes placed unilaterally. One @entity1 had bilateral insular electrodes implanted. Postoperative imaging demonstrated satisfactory placement in all but 1 instance, and there was no associated morbidity or mortality. Fourteen @entity1 underwent a subsequent resection, involving the frontal lobe (9 @entity1 ), temporal lobe (4), or frontotemporal lobes (1), and of these, 11 currently have Engel Class I outcome. Two @entity1 (10%) had @entity410 originating within the insula and another 5 @entity1 (25%) demonstrated early specific insular involvement. Neither @entity1 with an insular @entity410 focus went on to resection. All 5 of the @entity1 with early specific insular involvement underwent an insula-sparing resective procedure with Engel Class I outcome in all cases. CONCLUSIONS: Stereotactic placement of insular electrodes via a frontal oblique approach is a safe and efficient technique for investigating insular involvement in medically intractable @entity302 . The information obtained from insular recording can be valuable for appreciating the degree of insular contribution to @entity410 , allowing localization to the insula or clearer implication of other sites.

title: Stereotactic depth electrode investigation of the insula in the evaluation of medically intractable XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'seizures']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy']

answer: @entity302 :: (MESH:D004827,Disease) :: ['epilepsy']