abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to describe the frequency, attribution, outcome and predictors of @entity410 in @entity1252 ( @entity1252 ). METHODS: The @entity1252 Clinics, or SLICC, performed a prospective inception cohort study. Demographic variables, global @entity1252 disease activity ( @entity1252 Activity Index 2000), cumulative organ damage (SLICC/American College of Rheumatology Damage Index (SDI)) and @entity146 events were recorded at enrolment and annually. @entity4555 , anticardiolipin, anti-b(2) glycoprotein-I, antiribosomal P and anti-NR2 @entity3264 receptor antibodies were measured at enrolment. Physician outcomes of @entity410 were recorded. @entity1 outcomes were derived from the SF-36 (36-Item Short Form Health Survey) mental component summary and physical component summary scores. Statistical analyses included Cox and linear regressions. RESULTS: The cohort was 89.4% female with a mean follow-up of 3.5  2.9 years. Of 1631 @entity1 , 75 (4.6%) had >= 1 @entity410 , the majority around the time of @entity1252 diagnosis. Multivariate analysis indicated a higher risk of @entity410 with African race/ethnicity (HR (CI): 1.97 (1.07 to 3.63); p=0.03) and lower education status (1.97 (1.21 to 3.19); p<0.01). Higher damage scores (without @entity146 variables) were associated with an increased risk of subsequent @entity410 ( @entity994 :3.93 (1.46 to 10.55); SDI=2 or 3:1.57 (0.32 to 7.65); SDI>= 4:7.86 (0.89 to 69.06); p=0.03). There was an association with disease activity but not with autoantibodies. @entity410 attributed to @entity1252 frequently resolved (59/78 (76%)) in the absence of antiseizure drugs. There was no significant impact on the mental component summary or physical component summary scores. Antimalarial drugs in the absence of immunosuppressive agents were associated with reduced @entity410 risk (0.07 (0.01 to 0.66); p=0.03). CONCLUSION: @entity410 occurred close to @entity1252 diagnosis, in @entity1 with African race/ethnicity, lower educational status and cumulative organ damage. Most @entity410 resolved without a negative impact on health-related quality of life. Antimalarial drugs were associated with a protective effect.

title: Seizure disorders in XXXX results from an international, prospective, inception cohort study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'Seizures', 'seizures']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['neuropsychiatric']

entities_list: @entity1252 :: ('MESH:D008180', 'Disease') :: ['SLE', 'Systemic Lupus International Collaborating', 'systemic lupus erythematosus', 'SLE Disease']

entities_list: @entity4555 :: ('MESH:C531622', 'Disease') :: ['Lupus anticoagulant']

answer: @entity1252 :: (MESH:D008180,Disease) :: ['systemic lupus erythematosus']


abstract: AIM: @entity16568 (D-tag), a @entity12015 bulk sweetener, does not affect plasma @entity413 levels when orally administered to rodents. Additionally, D-tag attenuates the rise in plasma @entity413 after @entity19 are administered oral @entity969 . The current study was undertaken to investigate the acute glycaemic effects of oral D-tag alone or in combination with oral @entity413 in @entity1 subjects with and without @entity6 . Glycaemic responses to D-tag also were investigated in subjects after oral @entity969 to examine whether the @entity413 -lowering effects of D-tag in rodents may result from a direct inhibition of intestinal disaccharidases. METHODS: Eight normal and eight subjects with @entity6 were administered 75 g of @entity413 , 75 g of D-tag, or 75 g of D-tag 30 min prior to a 75 g oral @entity413 tolerance test (OGTT). Five @entity1 with @entity6 were challenged with a 75 g oral @entity969 tolerance test (OSTT) with and without oral pre-treatment with 75 g of D-tag. @entity1 with @entity6 also received separate 0, 10, 15, 20 and 30 g of D-tag 30 min prior to a 75 g OGTT. RESULTS: Oral loading with D-tag alone led to no changes in @entity413 or @entity2690 levels in either normal @entity1 or those with @entity6 . Pre-OGTT treatment with 75 g D-tag, however, attenuated the rise in @entity413 levels in @entity1 with @entity6 (p < 0.02 at 60 and 180 min, and p < 0.01 at 120 min). The @entity413 area under the curve (AUC) was reduced significantly also by pre-treatment with D-tag in a dose-dependent manner in @entity1 with @entity6 (p < 0.05 for 10 g D-tag, p < 0.001 for 20 g D-tag, and p = 0.0001 for 30 g D-tag). In @entity1 with @entity6 75 g D-tag similarly attenuated the rise in @entity413 following an OSTT (p < 0.01 at 30 min, and p < 0.02 at 60 min). Pre-treatment with 75 g D-tag also tended to blunt the rise in @entity2690 following an OGTT in normal @entity1 (p = 0.07 for @entity2690 AUC) but not @entity1 with @entity6 (p = 0.66). Following 75 g of oral D-tag in four normal @entity1 , plasma D-tag levels rose to a mean peak level of 3.6 mg/dl at 90 min. The administration of 75 g D-tag led to @entity294 , @entity390 and/or flatulence in 100% of subjects. When D-tag was administered at lower doses ranging from 10 g to 30 g, only three of 10 @entity1 with @entity6 had @entity344 which were much more mild than those evoked by 75 g D-tag. CONCLUSIONS: These results show that oral D-tag significantly blunts the rise in plasma @entity413 seen after oral @entity413 in @entity1 with @entity6 in a dose-dependent manner without significantly affecting @entity2690 levels. The minimal elevation of plasma D-tag levels in normal @entity1 and the adverse gastrointestinal effects seen following larger doses of D-tag support poor absorption of this @entity12015 and suggest that D-tag may act by attenuating @entity413 absorption in the intestine. D-tag may be a useful therapeutic adjunct in the management of @entity6 .

title: @entity16568 , a novel @entity12015 : acute effects on carbohydrate tolerance in subjects with and without type 2 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['type 2 diabetes mellitus', 'diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhoea']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal symptoms']

entities_list: @entity969 :: ('MESH:D013395', 'Chemical') :: ['sucrose']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To characterize the dose effect of the advancement of the medial rectus muscle (MR) for consecutive @entity5770 (XT) after corrective surgery for infantile @entity5971 ( @entity5971 ) and provide a guide for achieving orthotropia. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. @entity1 : Seventy-seven @entity1 with consecutive XT that developed after surgery for infantile @entity5971 . METHODS: All @entity1 underwent advancement of the unilateral or bilateral MR and were followed up for at least 1 year. The angle of deviation and stereopsis were retrospectively reviewed from @entity1 records. RESULTS: At the time of surgery for infantile @entity5971 , the mean eso-angle was 52.2    13.10 prism diopters (PD; mean age, 28.5    16.97 months). The exo-angle of consecutive XT was 25.6    8.47 PD (mean age at surgery, 132.7    82.32 months). The mean deviation was 1.8    10.40 PD XT at the final follow-up (47.0    43.57 months). The corrective effect of the exo-angle for a 1-mm advancement of the MR was 3.1 PD at 1 year after surgery and 2.9 PD at the last follow-up. There was a significant positive relationship between the preoperative exo-angle and the corrective effect of the 1-mm advancement of the MR at the last follow-up (r = 0.367, p < 0.05). Postoperatively, orthotropia was present in 79.2% of @entity1 , re-exodrift in 16.9%, and @entity5971 in 3.9%. Favourable stereopsis was achieved in 73.2%. CONCLUSIONS: MR advancement was effective for treating consecutive XT, followed by recession of the MR for infantile @entity5971 , achieving favourable stereopsis. The corrective value was 3 PD per 1-mm advancement of the MR.

title: The advancement of the medial rectus muscle for consecutive XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity5770 :: ('MESH:D005099', 'Disease') :: ['exotropia']

answer: @entity5770 :: (MESH:D005099,Disease) :: ['exotropia']


abstract: Little information is available regarding the @entity535 exchange by @entity1 @entity5 . To characterize this exchange in vivo, 21 @entity1 with resectable @entity14 were studied during curative operations. Concerning the @entity535 uptake and release by peripheral tissues, 20 non- @entity5 @entity1 served as controls. Both groups of subjects were well-nourished, as indicated by anthropometric and biochemical variables. In the @entity5 @entity1 , we cannulated a peripheral artery and vein as well as a central @entity5 -draining vein and the portal vein. Plasma concentrations and concentration differences were determined in mumol/l and in percentages of the total @entity535 amounts. Peripheral @entity2227 uptake per liter plasma was reduced in the @entity5 @entity1 (p = 0.02). In these @entity1 , the central @entity5 -draining vein contained less @entity1160 (p = 0.002) and more @entity2227 (p = 0.002) than the peripheral vein. @entity1160 uptake by the @entity5 occurred more often than @entity1160 release, while @entity2227 had a negative balance across the @entity5 in all but three cases. The qualitative differences between the peripheral tissues and the @entity5 with respect to @entity1160 and @entity2227 exchange reached high levels of significance (p = 0.002 for both of the @entity1522 ). In addition, the @entity5 released more @entity2228 , @entity7222 , and @entity669 than the periphery. As to @entity1160 and @entity2227 metabolism, there was a significant difference between the @entity5 and the portal-drained organs (p greater than or equal to 0.05). The discussion of the results emphasizes the contributions made by the periphery and the @entity5 to the plasma @entity1472 pattern. The role of @entity1160 as a potential high importance energy source for neoplastic tissues is delineated.

title: [ XXXX uptake and release by @entity14 in @entity1 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity2227 :: ('CHEBI:29987', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamate']

entities_list: @entity1160 :: ('CHEBI:28300', 'Chemical') :: ['Glutamine', 'glutamine']

entities_list: @entity2228 :: ('CHEBI:57305', 'Chemical') :: ['glycine']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity7222 :: ('CHEBI:18257', 'Chemical') :: ['ornithine']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

answer: @entity535 :: (CHEBI:33704,Chemical) :: ['Amino acid']


abstract: A 23-year-old @entity1 was admitted with progressively disturbed vision and easy fatigability. CT scans demonstrated an enhanced mass in the sellar region. Physical and endocrinological examinations revealed @entity194 of both optic nerves, temporal field @entity735 , and @entity7961 . Concentrations of @entity1 chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid were 12 and 33IU/L, respectively. On November 11, 1987, the @entity5 was partially removed using the transsphenoidal approach. The histological diagnosis was @entity3438 with syncytiotrophoblastic giant cells. Following postoperative craniospinal irradiation (whole brain, 30Gy; local, 18Gy; spinal canal 28Gy), CT scans showed no @entity41 and the HCG levels decreased until they were undetectable. Eighteen months later, the @entity1 complained of @entity490 . His serum HCG level had increased to 2,554 IU/L. CT scans of the abdomen revealed multiple low density areas in the liver. Chest X-ray was negative. A Ga scintigram disclosed only liver @entity3 . Administration of a chemotherapy was started on June 26, 1989. @entity900 and @entity2879 in doses of 20mg and 40mg respectively were given for 5 consecutive days in one course. Following four courses of the combined chemotherapy, the @entity5 entirely disappeared on CT scans and the HCG level returned to normal. The @entity1 is now able to work well without evidence of recurrence. Multiple liver metastases of an @entity2971 had been fatal in previous reports. This may be the first case with liver metastases in which the victim is still alive. The present case indicates that combined chemotherapy with @entity900 and @entity2879 is effective for extraneural metastases of an @entity2971 .

title: [Multiple liver metastases of a XXXX treated with combined chemotherapy of @entity900 and @entity2879 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity41 :: ('MESH:D018365', 'Disease') :: ['residual tumor']

entities_list: @entity2971 :: ('MESH:D009373', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial germ cell tumor']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin', 'Cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity2879 :: ('MESH:D005047', 'Chemical') :: ['etoposide']

entities_list: @entity735 :: ('MESH:D005124', 'Disease') :: ['cuts in both eyes']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity7961 :: ('MESH:C580003', 'Disease') :: ['panhypopituitarism']

entities_list: @entity3438 :: ('MESH:D018237', 'Disease') :: ['germinoma']

answer: @entity2971 :: (MESH:D009373,Disease) :: ['suprasellar germ cell tumor']


abstract: PURPOSE: To examine local control and patterns of failure in @entity980 @entity1 treated with intensity modulated @entity1161 ( @entity1161 ) with dose painting (DP-IMRT). @entity1 AND METHODS: A total of 41 @entity1 underwent DP-IMRT with chemotherapy for definitive treatment. Nineteen also underwent surgery with or without intraoperative @entity1161 . Fifty-six percent had alveolar histologic features. The median interval from beginning chemotherapy to @entity1161 was 17 weeks (range, 4-25). Very young @entity1 who underwent second-look procedures with or without intraoperative @entity1161 received reduced doses of 24-36 Gy in 1.4-1.8-Gy fractions. Young adults received 50.4 Gy to the @entity5 and lower doses of 36 Gy in 1.8-Gy fractions to at-risk lymph node chains. RESULTS: With 22 months of median follow-up, the actuarial local control rate was 90%. @entity1 aged  <=7 years who received reduced overall and fractional doses had 100% local control, and young adults had 79% (P=.07) local control. Three local failures were identified in young adults whose primary target volumes had received 50.4 Gy in 1.8-Gy fractions. CONCLUSIONS: DP-IMRT with lower fractional and cumulative doses is feasible for very young @entity1 after second-look procedures with or without intraoperative @entity1161 . DP-IMRT is also feasible in adolescents and young adults with @entity146 who would benefit from prophylactic @entity1161 to high-risk lymph node chains, although dose escalation might be warranted for improved local control. With limited follow-up, it appears that DP-IMRT produces local control rates comparable to those of sequential IMRT in @entity1 with @entity980 .

title: Intensity modulated XXXX with dose painting to treat @entity980 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['primary tumor']

entities_list: @entity1161 :: ('MESH:D011832', 'Disease') :: ['radiation therapy', 'RT']

entities_list: @entity980 :: ('MESH:D012208', 'Disease') :: ['rhabdomyosarcoma']

answer: @entity1161 :: (MESH:D011832,Disease) :: ['radiation therapy']


abstract: The value of the Selvester and @entity583 Scores was assessed in a randomized, placebo-controlled study of intravenous recombinant @entity1456 (rt-PA) in 721 @entity1 with @entity583 . Electrocardiograms (ECG) obtained at admission, 6 h and 10 to 22 days after the start of therapy were analysed. @entity1 with prior @entity583 or QRS duration greater than or equal to 120 ms were excluded, leaving 322 in the rt-PA group and 333 in the placebo group. Cumulative 72-h release of @entity27216 dehydrogenase (HBDH) and global ejection fraction derived from angiography and nuclear scintigraphy were used as independent measures of @entity1188 size. Predischarge results demonstrated a net benefit of rt-PA therapy, with the Selvester Score 11% lower (P less than 0.01) and the @entity583 Score 5.4% lower (P = NS) in the rt-PA than the control group. Total enzyme release was reduced by 19.2% (P less than 0.001) in the rt-PA group. In @entity1 with @entity1188 , neither enzyme release (r = 0.30 to 0.40) nor ejection fraction (r = 0.22 to 0.31) correlated well with the ECG indices of @entity1188 size. In anterior @entity1188 , the correlations were better, especially between the Selvester Score and enzyme release (r = 0.40 to 0.48) as well as ejection fraction (r = -0.48 to -0.67). It is concluded that ECG scoring systems, especially the Selvester Score, although imperfect are useful to assess thrombolytic therapy in clinical trials. However, their value for the management and assessment of thrombolytic therapy in individual @entity1 is still limited.

title: Value of electrocardiographic scoring systems for the assessment of thrombolytic therapy in XXXX . The European Cooperative Study Group for Recombinant Tissue Type Plasminogen Activator.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1456 :: ('100128998', 'Gene') :: ['tissue plasminogen activator']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['inferior infarction', 'infarction', 'infarct']

entities_list: @entity27216 :: ('MESH:C031570', 'Chemical') :: ['alpha-hydroxybutyrate']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'acute myocardial infarction', 'Cardiac Infarction Injury']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['acute myocardial infarction']


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate whether @entity34 ( @entity34 ) with two cycles of @entity632 , @entity1732 , @entity5713 , and @entity2699 (ABVD) followed by extended-field radiotherapy (EF-RT) is superior to EF-RT alone in @entity1 with early favorable @entity978 ( @entity978 ). @entity1 AND METHODS: Between 1993 and 1998, 650 @entity1 with newly diagnosed, histology-proven @entity978 in clinical stages IA to IIB without risk factors were enrolled onto this multicenter study and randomly assigned to receive 30 Gy EF-RT plus 10 Gy to the involved field (arm A) or two cycles of ABVD followed by the same radiotherapy (arm B). Results At a median observation time of 87 months, there was no difference between treatment arms in terms of complete response rate (arm A, 95%; arm B, 94%) and overall survival (at 7 years: arm A, 92%; arm B, 94%; P = .43). However, freedom from treatment failure was significantly different, with 7-year rates of 67% in arm A (95% CI, 61% to 73%) and 88% in arm B (95% CI, 84% to 92%; P <or= .0001). This was due mainly to significantly more relapses after EF-RT only (arm A, 22%; arm B, 3%). No @entity1 treated with @entity34 experienced relapse before year 3. Relapses were treated mainly with @entity1732 , @entity2879 , @entity632 , @entity786 , @entity1891 , @entity4174 , and @entity229 , or with the combination @entity786 , @entity1891 , @entity4174 , and @entity229 /ABVD; treatment of relapse was significantly more successful in arm A than in arm B (P = .017). In total, there were 39 second @entity5 , with 21 in arm A and 18 in arm B, respectively. The incidence was approximately 0.8% per year during years 2 to 9 and was highest in older @entity1 (P < .0001) and those with "B" symptoms (P = .012). CONCLUSION: @entity34 consisting of two cycles of ABVD plus EF-RT is more effective than EF-RT alone.

title: Two cycles of @entity632 , XXXX , @entity5713 , and @entity2699 plus extended-field radiotherapy is superior to radiotherapy alone in early favorable @entity978 : final results of the GHSG HD7 trial.

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity4174 :: ('MESH:D011344', 'Chemical') :: ['procarbazine']

entities_list: @entity2699 :: ('MESH:D003606', 'Chemical') :: ['dacarbazine']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancies']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity1891 :: ('MESH:D014750', 'Chemical') :: ['vincristine']

entities_list: @entity1732 :: ('MESH:D001761', 'Chemical') :: ['bleomycin']

entities_list: @entity978 :: ('MESH:D006689', 'Disease') :: ['HL', "Hodgkin's lymphoma"]

entities_list: @entity5713 :: ('MESH:D014747', 'Chemical') :: ['vinblastine']

entities_list: @entity34 :: ('MESH:D016609', 'Disease') :: ['combined-modality treatment', 'CMT']

answer: @entity1732 :: (MESH:D001761,Chemical) :: ['bleomycin']


abstract: Benign recurrent @entity811 usually indicates a good prognosis. This condition is associated with abnormally thin glomerular basement membranes. Of 680 renal biopsy cases in which lower urinary tract disease had been excluded by careful study, 25 cases from seven @entity1 and eighteen adults met the criteria for thin @entity8 , placing the incidence of the disease at 3.7%. The mean @entity1 age was 32.4 years and the male to female ratio was 1 to 5.3. The primary finding was microscopic @entity811 in eighteen @entity1 and gross @entity811 in five @entity1 . Among eighteen @entity1 who had microscopic @entity811 , one @entity1 also exhibited @entity644 and one @entity1 suffered from @entity810 due to acute drug-induced @entity1986 . @entity644 was only found in one @entity1 . All of the @entity1 had normal renal function, with the exception of one who suffered from @entity810 . The duration of @entity811 from the time of detection to the date of biopsy ranged from 3 months to 30 years with a mean interval of 56.6 months. No apparent evidence of familial @entity811 in any @entity1 was noted. Under light microscopy most glomeruli were normal. However, five cases showed focal @entity1463 . Under immunofluorescence microscopy seventeen cases were negative for all immunoglobulins, for complement, and for @entity2002 . Eight cases showed nonspecific mesangial deposition of @entity2002 and/or IgM. Ultrastructurally, extensive diffuse thinning of the GBM was a constant finding. The mean thickness of the GBM was 203.2 +/- 28.3 nm (n = 25); the thickness in adult (201.4 +/- 27.5 nm; n = 18) did not differ from that in @entity1 (208.1 +/- 32.0 nm; n = 7).

title: Thin XXXX : light microscopic and electron microscopic studies.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria', 'Proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['glomerular basement membrane disease']

entities_list: @entity1463 :: ('MESH:D012598', 'Disease') :: ['global sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['acute renal failure']

entities_list: @entity1986 :: ('MESH:D009395', 'Disease') :: ['interstitial nephritis']

entities_list: @entity811 :: ('MESH:D006417', 'Disease') :: ['hematuria']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['glomerular basement membrane disease']


abstract: Exercise prior to eating has repeatedly been shown to reduce postprandial lipaemia. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether this effect was manifest in the presence of two factors that independently mitigate postprandial lipaemia: eumenorrhoea and moderate fat intake. Eight healthy eumenorrhoeic rowers consumed a meal of moderate fat content (35 % total energy, 0.66 g/kg body mass) 14 h after having either rowed at 55 % of maximal aerobic power (81 % of maximal heart rate) for 80 min or rested. Both trials were performed during the luteal phase. Blood samples were drawn before the meal and for 8 h postprandially for the measurement of individual @entity1718 in the @entity1674 and @entity3691 fractions, as well as of @entity413 , insulin and @entity53 . Plasma @entity53 concentrations were not significantly different in the two trials. The postprandial lipaemic response, expressed as either plasma @entity1674 concentration or area under the @entity1674 -time curve, was 35 % lower (P<0.05) after exercise. The postprandial glycaemic and insulinaemic responses were also lower, indicating @entity1720 , whereas the NEFA response was higher, suggesting a lower entrapment of dietary @entity1718 in adipose tissue after exercise. Finally, exercise increased the proportion of unsaturated:saturated NEFA during the postprandial period. In conclusion, aerobic exercise performed 14 h before a moderate-fat meal reduced postprandial lipaemia in @entity1 in the luteal phase. This effect shows the potential of exercise to mitigate even moderate lipaemic responses in eumenorrhoeic @entity1 .

title: Effect of aerobic exercise on lipaemia and its fatty acid profile after a meal of moderate fat content in eumenorrhoeic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1720 :: ('MESH:D007333', 'Disease') :: ['increased insulin sensitivity']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triacylglycerol']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['oestradiol']

entities_list: @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: A retrospective study of 96 cases of @entity1348 was undertaken. @entity1 ' ages ranged from 9 to 85 years (mean+/-SD, 35.3+/-17.4 years) and peak incidence was at 20-29 years. Mean duration was 7.9 weeks (range, 1h to 3 years). Acute, chronic and recurrent dislocations were seen in 46 (47.9%), 29 (30.2%) and 21 (21.9%) @entity1 , respectively. Males dominated in all three categories but this was not statistically significant (P = 0.8). @entity3137 while @entity7875 (44 cases) was the commonest cause of dislocation, followed by road traffic accidents (13 cases). Ten @entity1 (10.4%) had an underlying @entity262 , the commonest being @entity302 (four cases); those with acute dislocation recorded the highest incidence of underlying illness. Bilateral anterior (86 cases) dislocations were the most frequent. Of the 96 @entity1 , 89 (92.7%) were available for treatment. @entity353 with or without anaesthesia proved effective for 38/45 acute, 5/24 chronic and 14/20 recurrent cases. @entity102 were treated mainly by surgical osteotomy (13/24). @entity45676 were the commonest surgical techniques recorded. Treatment was satisfactory for all @entity1 surgically handled except for one case of anterior open bite postoperatively. This study has shown that @entity3137 while @entity7875 is the commonest cause of @entity1348 in Nigerians, and conservative approaches to management remain quite effective irrespective of the duration and clinical subtype. The best choice of surgical technique should be determined by proper clinical evaluation and the need to avoid or minimize postoperative morbidity.

title: A survey of XXXX : aetiology, demographics, risk factors and management in 96 Nigerian cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['Manual reduction']

entities_list: @entity45676 :: ('MESH:C537736', 'Disease') :: ['Vertical subsigmoid and oblique ramus osteotomies']

entities_list: @entity262 :: ('MESH:D034721', 'Disease') :: ['systemic disease']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic dislocations']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity3137 :: ('MESH:D009059', 'Disease') :: ['excessive mouth opening', 'Excessive mouth opening']

entities_list: @entity1348 :: ('MESH:D013706', 'Disease') :: ['temporomandibular joint dislocation']

answer: @entity1348 :: (MESH:D013706,Disease) :: ['temporomandibular joint dislocation']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Peripheral blood contains primitive (stem cell-like) and monocytic-like endothelial cell progenitors. @entity6 apparently converts these primitive progenitors, from a pro-angiogenic to anti-angiogenic phenotype. Monocytic progenitors seem to be less affected by @entity6 , but potential pro-angiogenic activities of freshly isolated monocytic progenitors remain unexplored. We compared the ability of primitive and monocytic endothelial cell progenitors to stimulate vascular growth and @entity446 in @entity6 and investigated potential molecular mechanisms through which the cells mediate their in vivo effects. METHODS AND RESULTS: @entity1 @entity2280 + primitive progenitors and @entity5750 + monocytic progenitors were injected locally into the ischemic limbs of @entity6 @entity19 . @entity5750 + cell therapy improved @entity446 and vessel growth, although not as rapidly or effectively as @entity2280 + cell treatment. Western blot analysis revealed that cell therapy modulated expression of molecules in the @entity7 , @entity2842 , and angiopoietin pathways. CONCLUSIONS: Injection of freshly isolated circulating @entity5750 + cells improves @entity446 and vascular growth indicating their potential for use in acute clinical settings. Importantly, @entity5750 + cells could provide a therapeutic option for @entity1 with @entity6 , the function of whose @entity2280 + cells may be compromised. At least some progenitor-induced @entity446 probably is mediated through increased sensitivity to @entity7 and increases in @entity2842 , and possibly modulation of angiopoietins.

title: Differential @entity446 activities of XXXX + and @entity5750 + endothelial cell progenitors.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Human', 'people']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetes', 'diabetic', 'diabetes']

answer: @entity2280 :: (947,Gene) :: ['CD34']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: @entity3883 is an important clinical problem. It may cause complications such as @entity177 , cardiovascular sequels, @entity3459 , @entity360 , delayed wound @entity446 , @entity2835 and @entity295 . We investigated the effect of @entity7421 on immunological parameters in the @entity3883 . METHODOLOGY: In our experimental study we studied four groups that consisted of 28 @entity35 . The 1st group consisted of sham @entity35 , the 2nd group consisted of sham and @entity7421 applied @entity35 and the 3rd and 4th groups consisted of @entity35 that had @entity3883 . In the 4th group we applied 4 micrograms/kg @entity7421 subcutaneously to the @entity35 for 7 days. We measured the levels of neutrophils, lymphocytes, leukocytes, interferon-alpha, @entity26833 , @entity6098 and CD64 in all groups. RESULTS: In the @entity1087 group neutrophil, lymphocyte and leukocyte counts were found to be significantly lower compared to the other groups (P < 0.005). interferon-alpha and CD levels were found to be lower in the @entity1087 group compared to the other groups. In the @entity7421 applied @entity1087 group neutrophils, lymphocytes, leukocytes and interferon-alpha levels were found to be higher. @entity6098 - CD64 levels were insignificantly increased in the @entity7421 group whereas @entity26833 levels were significantly increased. CONCLUSIONS: We believe that in the prevention of serious septic complications which have a high mortality risk, @entity7421 application to restore the macrophage-neutrophil functions should be supported by advanced clinical studies.

title: The effect of granulocyte colony stimulating factor on the immune parameters in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2835 :: ('MESH:D008105', 'Disease') :: ['secondary biliary cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity3883 :: ('MESH:D041781', 'Disease') :: ['Obstructive jaundice', 'experimental obstructive jaundice', 'obstructive jaundice']

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal bleeding']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity3459 :: ('MESH:D025861', 'Disease') :: ['coagulation defects']

answer: @entity3883 :: (MESH:D041781,Disease) :: ['experimental obstructive jaundice']


abstract: The distribution of active mitochondria during @entity1707 oocyte maturation, fertilization and early embryo development in vitro was revealed by using MitoTracker Green staining and confocal laser scanning microscopy. The regulation of mitochondrial translocation by microfilaments and microtubules was also studied. In oocytes collected from small follicles, strong staining of active mitochondria was observed in the cell cortex. Accumulation of active mitochondria in the peripheral cytoplasm and around the germinal vesicles was characteristic of fully grown oocytes collected from large follicles. Mitochondria accumulated in the perinuclear area during meiotic progression from @entity3453 ( @entity3453 ) to anaphase I. Larger mitochondrial foci were formed and moved to the inner cytoplasm in mature oocytes. Compared with the oocytes matured in vivo, in which large mitochondrial foci were distributed throughout the cytoplasm, mitochondria were not observed in the central cytoplasm in most of the oocytes matured in vitro. Strong staining of mitochondria was observed in the first polar bodies in metaphase II oocytes. In fertilized eggs, active mitochondria aggregated in the pronuclear region. Perinuclear clustering and a cortical ring were the most marked features of early cleavage. Active mitochondria were distributed in both inner cell mass cells and trophectoderm cells of the blastocysts. Disassembly of microtubules with @entity10612 inhibited both mitochondrial aggregations to the germinal vesicle area and their inward movement to the inner cytoplasm during oocyte maturation, as well as the translocation of mitochondria to the peri-pronuclear region during fertilization, whereas disruption of microfilaments by @entity2389 had no effects. These data indicate that: (i) oocyte maturation, fertilization and early embryo development in @entity1707 are associated with changes in active mitochondrial distribution; (ii) mitochondrial translocation is mediated by microtubules, but not by microfilaments; and (iii) in vitro maturation conditions may cause incomplete movement of mitochondria to the inner cytoplasm and thus affect cytoplasmic maturation.

title: Translocation of active mitochondria during XXXX oocyte maturation, fertilization and early embryo development in vitro.

entities_list: @entity3453 :: ('MESH:D054331', 'Disease') :: ['GVBD', 'germinal vesicle breakdown']

entities_list: @entity10612 :: ('MESH:D015739', 'Chemical') :: ['nocodazole']

entities_list: @entity2389 :: ('MESH:D003571', 'Chemical') :: ['cytochalasin B']

answer: @entity1707 :: (9823,Species) :: ['pig']


abstract: The plastid genome of the cryptophyte alga @entity56974 (121,524 bp) has been completely sequenced. The genome @entity16222 % G+C and contains a short, nonidentical inverted repeat (4.9 kb) encoding the two rRNA cistrons. The large and small single-copy regions are 96.3 and 15.4 kb, respectively. Forty-six genes encoding proteins for photosynthesis, 5 genes for biosynthetic function, 5 genes involved in replication and division, 30 tRNA genes, 44 ribosomal protein genes (26 large subunit and 18 small subunit), 3 translation factors, 8 genes encoding components of the transcriptional machinery including 3 ycfs (hypothetical chloroplast frames), and 26 additional ycfs have been identified. There are eight ORFs larger than 50 @entity1522 , 3 of which have homologues on the plastid genome of the rhodophyte, @entity56975 (Reith and Munholland 1995) and/or the Synechocystis genome (Kaneko et al. 1996) and can be designated new ycfs. Intergenic spacers are very short, no introns have been detected, and several genes overlap, all resulting in a very compact genome. In addition, large clusters of genes (such as those for the ribosomal proteins) are organized into single transcriptional units (Wang et al. 1997), again resulting in an economically organized genome. The cryptophyte plastid genome is almost completely comprised of clusters of genes that are found on the rhodophyte @entity56975 , confirming its common ancestry with red algae. Furthermore, recombination events involving both tRNA genes and the rRNA cistrons appear to have been responsible for the structure of the cryptophyte plastid genome, including the formation of the inverted repeat.

title: The plastid genome of the cryptophyte alga, XXXX : complete sequence and conserved synteny groups confirm its common ancestry with red algae.

entities_list: @entity56975 :: ('2787', 'Species') :: ['Porphyra purpurea']

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity56974 :: ('55529', 'Species') :: ['Guillardia theta']

answer: @entity56974 :: (55529,Species) :: ['Guillardia theta']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity5845 is a serious health problem associated to a significant reduction in life expectancy. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the anthropometric and metabolic changes observed in @entity28 @entity1 , 3, 6 and 12 months after laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery and the complications associated with the procedure. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective study that included 128 consecutive @entity28 @entity1 submitted for bariatric surgery at the INCMNSZ (2004-2006). RESULTS: Their mean age was 38 +/- 10 years, 83% were @entity1 with a BMI of 48 +/- 6 Kg/m2. 65% were @entity101 , 55% had @entity2298 and 34% @entity6 . A year after surgery all @entity1 had at least reduced 20% their body weight and the percentage of excess body weight loss was 73%. The prevalence of @entity101 , hypertrigliceridemia and @entity6 was reduced to 24%, 17% and 12%, respectively (p < 0.001). Four @entity1 died (3%), all of them had a leak of the @entity254 and @entity6177 . One died because @entity1151 , another with a @entity583 (after surgical reinterventions) and the other two with @entity295 . CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery in morbid @entity28 @entity1 favors significant reductions in body weight and associated co morbidities. This surgery is not free of complications and mortality, reason why it must be done only by surgical and interdisciplinary groups with experience in these procedures.

title: [Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery for morbid XXXX . Experience at the Nacional de Ciencias M  dicas y Nutrici  n Salvador Zubir  n].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2298 :: ('MESH:D015228', 'Disease') :: ['hypertriglyceridemia']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensives', 'hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity6177 :: ('MESH:D018784', 'Disease') :: ['intra-abdominal abscess']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary embolism']

entities_list: @entity5845 :: ('MESH:D009767', 'Disease') :: ['Morbid obesity']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obesity']


abstract: Apoptosis is a key process in the development and maintenance of tissue homeostasis. This process of controlled cell death is tightly regulated by a balance between cell survival and damage signals. We focused our attention towards one apoptotic pathway, the intrinsic mitochondrial one where @entity588 family of proteins plays the major role. We are particularly interested in two pro-apoptotic players @entity2428 and @entity589 from this family. Here we investigated their role in apoptosis triggered by photodynamic action. Targeted photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising approach to diagnose and treat different types of @entity5 . We show the localization of @entity589 and @entity2428 in U-87 MG @entity1 @entity11 cells incubated with photosensitizer hypericin (Hyp) before and after photodynamic action. Apoptotic stimulus by Hyp photodynamic action causes @entity589 translocation into mitochondria. However our results suggest that under these conditions there are two populations of mitochondria: one which contains @entity589 and @entity2428 simultaneously, and is almost exclusively localized near the plasma membrane; the other which contains @entity589 only and is distributed throughout the cell. The different protein content and spatial distribution of these two populations suggest that they can play different roles in response to apoptotic stimuli.

title: XXXX proapoptotic proteins distribution in U-87 @entity11 cells before and after hypericin photodynamic action.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

answer: @entity588 :: (596,Gene) :: ['Bcl-2']


abstract: This article provides an update of a minireview published in 1996 (Abdel-Latif AA. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 211:163-177, 1996), the purpose of which was to examine in nonvascular smooth muscle the biochemical and functional cross talk between the sympathetic nervous system, which governs the formation of @entity268 and @entity121 , and the parasympathetic nervous system, which governs the generation of IP3 and @entity2366 , from the @entity17420 , @entity141 mobilization, and @entity2472 . This review examines further evidence, both from nonvascular and vascular smooth muscle, for cross talk between the cyclic nucleotides, @entity268 and @entity6708 via their respective protein kinases, and the @entity141 -dependent- and @entity141 -independent-signaling pathways involved in agonist-induced @entity2472 . These include the IP3- @entity141 -CaM- myosin light chain kinase ( @entity12601 ) pathway and the @entity141 -independent pathways, including protein kinase C-, MAP kinase-, and Rho-kinase. In addition, MLC phosphorylation and @entity2472 can also be increased by a decrease in myosin phosphatase activity. A summary of the cross talk between the cyclic @entity2036 and these signaling pathways was presented. In smooth muscle, there are several targets for @entity1921 inhibition and consequent relaxation, including the receptor, G proteins, phospholipase C-beta1-4 isoforms, IP3 receptor, @entity141 mobilization, @entity12601 , MAP kinase, Rho-kinase, and myosin phosphatase. While significant progress has been made in the past four years on this cross talk, the precise mechanisms underlying the biochemical basis for the cyclic @entity377 inhibition of @entity141 mobilization and consequently muscle @entity2472 remain to be established. Although it is well established that second-messenger cross talk plays an important role in smooth @entity121 , the many sources which exist in smooth muscle for @entity141 mobilization, coupled with the multiple signaling pathways involved in agonist-induced @entity2472 , contribute appreciably to the difficulties found by many investigators in identifying the targets for cyclic @entity377 inhibition and consequent relaxation. Better methodology and more novel interdisciplinary approaches are required for elucidating the mechanism(s) of @entity268 - and @entity6708 -inhibition of smooth muscle @entity2472 .

title: Cross talk between cyclic nucleotides and XXXX hydrolysis, protein kinases, and @entity2472 in smooth muscle.

entities_list: @entity2366 :: ('CHEBI:41847', 'Chemical') :: ['diacylglycerol']

entities_list: @entity2036 :: ('MESH:D009711', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotides']

entities_list: @entity377 :: ('CHEBI:36976', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotide']

entities_list: @entity17420 :: ('MESH:D018129', 'Chemical') :: ['polyphosphoinositides']

entities_list: @entity1921 :: ('CHEBI:23447', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclic nucleotide']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['muscle relaxation']

entities_list: @entity2472 :: ('MESH:C536214', 'Disease') :: ['contraction']

answer: @entity17420 :: (MESH:D018129,Chemical) :: ['polyphosphoinositide']


abstract: Twenty @entity1 with high risk primary @entity0 underwent a high dose chemotherapy program at Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok. Eligible @entity1 included 21 @entity1 who had a histological diagnosis of @entity0 with more than 10 axillary lymph nodes involved. The @entity1 first underwent modified radical mastectomy, followed by conventional @entity632 containing adjuvant chemotherapy, before entering the treatment program. Peripheral blood stem cells were mobilized with @entity786 and @entity1261 and were harvested by leukapheresis. High dose chemotherapy consisted of @entity786 5,625 mg/m2, @entity900 165 mg/m2 and @entity3600 (BCNU) 600 mg/m2 were subsequently given, followed by infusion of the harvested peripheral blood stem cells. The median duration of @entity1503 after transplantation was 8 days (range 7-12). The median expense for the transplantation, in addition to the cost of mastectomy and conventional chemotherapy, was 224,396 Baht (approximately US  5,350). Three out of the first four @entity1 developed @entity401 within three months after transplantation. There was one fatal case which was the only regimen related mortality. BCNU was then reduced to 450 mg/m2 and lung complications were markedly reduced afterwards. The median follow up time was 37 months with a median disease free survival of 38 months and overall survival of four years at 84%.

title: High dose chemotherapy and peripheral blood stem cell transplantation for high risk primary XXXX : a single center experience in Thailand.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatinum']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['cytopenia']

entities_list: @entity3600 :: ('MESH:D002330', 'Chemical') :: ['carmustine']

entities_list: @entity401 :: ('MESH:D017563', 'Disease') :: ['interstitial pneumonitis']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: @entity22542 (RDX) has been widely used as an explosive in munition formulations, resulting in contamination of wildlife habitat on military installations. To estimate health effects for reptilian species, acute, subacute, and subchronic @entity137 studies were conducted using the @entity17442 ( @entity17442 ). Estimated oral median lethal doses were 72 (95% confidence interval [CI], 49-106) mg/kg body weight (slope, 3.754) for males and 88 (95% CI, 65-119) mg/kg (slope, 4.525) for females. @entity137 from RDX suggested the neurological system as the critical target tissue. A 14-d subacute study followed with males dosed orally with RDX ( @entity4336 oil) at 0, 10, 20, 25, 30, 45, and 60 mg/kg/d. Signs of @entity137 frequently included a characteristic body posture. A significant dose-survival relationship was seen over the range of doses, with a significant decrease in survival at 20 mg/kg/d. Males in the 60-d subchronic study were dosed at 0, 1, 2.5, 5, 8, and 11 mg/kg/d, and signs of @entity137 included lethargy, @entity3085 , and @entity448 . Survival was decreased at 8 and 11 mg/kg/d. Reduced growth rate and food consumption occurred at 5 mg/kg/d. Brain tissue was assayed for RDX when @entity410 were observed at a residue concentration of at least 18 microg/g. No abnormalities were observed in the hematologic indices, whereas plasma proteins were reduced. @entity99 and decreased testes mass occurred at 8 and 11 mg/kg/d. Plasma @entity251 concentrations, sperm counts, and motility measures were variable for all treatment levels. Based on survival, growth rate, food intake, and testes to brain weight ratios, these data suggest a lowest-observed-adverse effect level of 5 mg/kg/d and a no-observed-adverse effect level of 2.5 mg/kg/d.

title: Toxic effects of oral @entity22542 in the XXXX ( @entity17442 ).

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures']

entities_list: @entity22542 :: ('MESH:C009160', 'Chemical') :: ['Hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'Toxicity', 'oral toxicity']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity448 :: ('MESH:D000855', 'Disease') :: ['anorexia']

entities_list: @entity17442 :: ('8519', 'Species') :: ['Sceloporus occidentalis', 'Western fence lizard']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['Hepatic enlargement']

answer: @entity17442 :: (8519,Species) :: ['western fence lizard']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of our study was to detect differences in @entity393 with a hypocaloric diet in @entity28 @entity1 depending on their glycaemic status. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A population of 76 @entity28 outpatients was analysed in a prospective way. The following variables were specifically recorded at basal time and after 3 months of hypocaloric diet (1200 kcal/day): weight, blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and waist-hip ratio. Basal @entity413 , insulin, @entity2002 , @entity701 , @entity1851 , total @entity165 , LDL @entity165 , HDL @entity165 and @entity1674 blood levels were measured. HOMA was calculated. An indirect calorimetry, tetrapolar electrical bioimpedance and a serial assessment of nutritional intake with 3 days written food records were performed. RESULTS: The mean age was 46.9 +/- 17.1 years and the mean BMI 34.6 +/- 5.3. All subjects were weight stable during the 2 weeks period preceding the study (body weight change, 0.3 +/- 0.1 kg). Anthropometric measurements showed an average waist circumference (108.7 +/- 15.7 cm), waist-to-hip ratio (0.93 +/- 0.11), and average weight (88.7 +/- 16.9 kg). Bipolar body electrical bioimpedance showed a fat mass of 37 +/- 12.3 kg. Indirect calorimetry showed a resting metabolic rate (RMR) (1674.3 +/- 392 kcal/day). @entity1 were divided in to two groups by glycaemic status (group I: normal glycaemic metabolism, fasting @entity413 levels <109 mg/dl; n = 50) and (group II: impaired glycaemic metabolism, fasting @entity413 levels >110 mg/dl, n = 26). Waist circumference (I: 108 +/- 17.1cm vs. 104.6 +/- 16.7 cm; P < 0.05) and (II: 113.6 +/- 9.8 cm vs. 110.9 +/- 8.9 cm; P < 0.05), weight (I: 90.6 +/- 19.2 kg vs. 86.3 +/- 18.6 kg:P < 0.05) and (II: 89.2 +/- 11.3 kg vs. 86.4 +/- 11.6 kg: P < 0.05) and BMI (I: 34.2 +/- 5.6 vs. 33.7 +/- 5.5; P < 0.05) and (II: 34.8 +/- 4.2 vs. 34.2 +/- 4.6; P < 0.05) improved in both groups with hypocaloric diet. Blood systolic pressure, total @entity165 and LDL @entity165 improved in both groups, without statistical differences. In group II improved @entity413 levels and HOMA index, too. @entity1 of group II had higher systolic blood pressure, @entity413 , total @entity165 , LDL @entity165 , @entity1674 , lipoprotein (a), @entity11663 levels and HOMA index than @entity1 in group I. ANOVA analysis did not show differences among @entity353 in tertiles of HOMA and @entity413 . CONCLUSION: Ability to lose weight on a hypocaloric diet over a 3-month time period does not vary in @entity28 @entity1 as a function of glycaemic status. Improvement in cardiovascular risk factors is not related with glycaemic status, too.

title: Differences in glycaemic status do not predict XXXX in response to hypocaloric diets in @entity28 @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obese', 'obesity']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['weigth loss']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['c-reactive protein']

answer: @entity353 :: (MESH:D015431,Disease) :: ['weight loss']


abstract: About 10% of the cases of @entity4810 is represented by the obstruction of the seminal tract, which may be congenital or secondary to inflammatory events or surgery. The most frequent obstructive @entity600 of the seminal tract is the bilateral agenesia of the vas deferens. Such @entity600 is typical of the @entity1577 ( @entity1577 ), an @entity74 determining chronic @entity1729 with bronchiectasia, and pancreatic failure. Recently the defective gene responsible for @entity1577 has been identified on the long arm of the chromosome 7. @entity12108 ( @entity12108 ) may be present in otherwise healthy males without clinical evidence of @entity1577 . Genetics studies demonstrated that most @entity12108 display at least one detectable @entity1577 mutation, therefore this disease can be considered as an incomplete clinical form of @entity1577 . With the realization that a @entity1 with @entity12108 may have @entity1577 , albeit a genital form, considerable care is required not only to document his specific mutations, but also to test his partner for @entity1577 mutations to evaluate the risk that their @entity1 would have @entity1577 . The association of chronic suppurating @entity1576 with @entity3893 characterizes also the @entity3896 . In this disease the obstruction could possibly be the result of defective epididymal sperm transport, related to an abnormality in the mucus. Despite some clinical common aspects, @entity1577 and @entity3896 are two distinct entity. In fact, no @entity1577 mutations have been demonstrated in @entity3896 . @entity154 are often associate to cryptorchidism (36-68% of the cases) and to patent processus vaginalis. The degree of testicular retention and processus vaginalis closure correlates well with the incidence of associated @entity3892 . Rare causes of @entity3893 are represent by the cyst of M  llerian or Wolffian origin. An obstruction to the progression of the sperm along the seminal tract can also be present in complex @entity600 , such as @entity4998 in which the @entity249 has a multifactorial etiology.

title: [Obstructive XXXX and @entity600 of seminal tract].

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['Congenital obstructive abnormalities of the vas deferens and epididymis']

entities_list: @entity249 :: ('MESH:D007246', 'Disease') :: ['infertility']

entities_list: @entity4998 :: ('MESH:D012734', 'Disease') :: ['pseudohermaphroditism']

entities_list: @entity4810 :: ('MESH:D007248', 'Disease') :: ['male infertility']

entities_list: @entity3896 :: ('MESH:C536718', 'Disease') :: ["Young's syndrome"]

entities_list: @entity3892 :: ('MESH:D004823', 'Disease') :: ['epididymal defects']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['malformations', 'malformation']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['autosomal recessive disorder']

entities_list: @entity1729 :: ('MESH:D012141', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory infections']

entities_list: @entity12108 :: ('MESH:C535984', 'Disease') :: ['CBAVD', 'Congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory disease']

entities_list: @entity1577 :: ('MESH:D003550', 'Disease') :: ['CF', 'cystic fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity3893 :: ('MESH:D053713', 'Disease') :: ['obstructive azoospermia', 'congenital obstructive azoospermia']

answer: @entity3893 :: (MESH:D053713,Disease) :: ['azoospermia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Farmers' @entity1 in northern Europe have a lower prevalence of atopy, @entity2023 and @entity565 than other @entity1 . Farms in Australia differ in scale and operation from those in Europe and the prevalence of @entity56 in @entity1 is higher. OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether having lived on a farm as a @entity1 in Australia is associated with a lower risk of @entity56 . METHODS: Cross-sectional study of @entity1 (n = 1500) aged 7-12 years from two rural towns: Wagga Wagga in a mixed farming region, and Moree in a crop farming region. Parents answered a questionnaire and @entity1 had a skin prick test for atopy. RESULTS: Twenty percent of @entity1 had lived on a farm for at least 1 year. The effect of having lived on a farm differed between the towns (P < 0.001). It was associated with a lower risk of @entity402 (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 0.47, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.32-0.72) but not in Moree (aOR 0.97, 95% CI 0.62-1.53). @entity1 from Wagga were more likely to have lived on a livestock farm than @entity1 from Moree (26.1% vs. 9.1%, 95% CI for the difference 8.9-25.4). CONCLUSION: Having lived on a farm in Australia can confer protection against atopy in @entity1 . Further studies are needed to identify possible protective mechanisms associated with farm animals or to establish whether the protective effect is explained by other related exposures.

title: Having lived on a farm and protection against XXXX in Australia.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children', 'child']

entities_list: @entity402 :: ('MESH:C564133', 'Disease') :: ['atopy in Wagga']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic diseases']

answer: @entity56 :: (MESH:D004342,Disease) :: ['allergic diseases']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To conduct a phase II trial to determine the efficacy of @entity900 , a fixed dose-rate infusion of @entity136 and @entity4562 (an orally active epidermal growth factor receptor @entity669 kinase inhibitor) in @entity1 with advanced @entity189 . @entity1 AND METHODS: Eligible @entity1 had previously untreated measurable disease, an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0-2 and @entity1011 clearance of >50 mL/min. The treatment regimen consisted of @entity900 70 mg/m(2) on day 1, @entity136 1000 mg/m(2) on day 1 and 8, administered at a fixed dose rate of 10 mg/m(2)/min, given every 3 weeks concurrent with @entity4562 500 mg/day orally for a maximum of six cycles. Maintenance @entity4562 500 mg/day was continued for responding or stable disease. RESULTS: In all, 27 @entity1 were accrued before the study was halted because the dose-limiting @entity137 (DLT) exceeded pre-established stopping rules. The DLT events were two grade 5 (one infection, one @entity65 ) and three with grade 4 non-haematological @entity137 . In 25 evaluable @entity1 there were nine objective responses, for an overall response rate of 36% (95% confidence interval, CI, 18-57%). The median (95% CI) survival time was 11.1 (5.2-35.3) months. CONCLUSION: The combination of @entity900 , fixed dose-rate @entity136 and @entity4562 is active in advanced TCC, although the relative contribution of @entity4562 cannot be determined. However, this regimen was associated with excessive @entity137 .

title: A phase II trial of @entity900 , fixed dose-rate @entity136 and @entity4562 for advanced urothelial tract XXXX : results of the Cancer and Leukaemia Group B 90102.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity4562 :: ('MESH:C419708', 'Chemical') :: ['gefitinib']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['urothelial carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['gemcitabine']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular accident']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['carcinoma']


abstract: An increasing body of evidence suggests that @entity0 growth is mediated by oncogene products and growth factors which are or which act through cell surface receptors. The aims of the present study were to determine how three of these receptors, @entity1722 protein, @entity470 ( @entity470 ) and the beta-subunit of platelet-derived growth factor receptor ( @entity3820 -subunit), can effectively be demonstrated by immunohistochemical methods in @entity0 , how these receptors are distributed at the cellular level and how their expression correlates with well-established prognostic indicators including hormone receptors and proliferative index. We examined frozen tissue sections of 50 invasive @entity1 @entity0 , including 45 ductal, four lobular, and one mucinous @entity5 , by immunocytochemical methods to determine the in situ distributions of @entity1722 , @entity470 , and @entity3820 -subunit. We compared staining for @entity1722 protein in frozen sections with that in paraffin sections of the same 50 @entity5 . The immunohistochemical labelling results were compared with tissue hormone receptor content and growth fraction determined by Ki-67 labelling. Strong labelling of @entity5 cells in frozen sections was detected in 22% of cases, all of the ductal type, stained with rabbit antiserum to @entity1722 . Labelling for @entity1722 protein was generally weaker in paraffin sections than in frozen sections and in six of 11 positive cases, specific staining could be detected only in frozen sections. In immunostains with monoclonal antibody to @entity470 , rare cells within @entity5 were labelled in 60% of the @entity189 . Using a monoclonal antibody to the beta-subunit of PDGFr, consistent labelling of fibrillary cellular processes in the walls of blood vessels and in @entity82 around @entity5 cell nests was detected, but there was no labelling of @entity5 cells themselves. @entity1722 oncoprotein positive @entity5 were found to be more often @entity2931 receptor negative (P less than 0.005) or @entity2931 and @entity1420 receptor negative (P less than 0.01) than @entity1722 negative @entity5 . No significant correlation was observed between @entity1722 expression and Ki-67 growth fraction.

title: In situ distribution of oncogene products and growth factor receptors in @entity0 : XXXX oncoprotein, @entity470 , and @entity3820 -subunit.

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrous stroma']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast tumors', 'breast tumour', 'breast carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone']

entities_list: @entity2931 :: ('CHEBI:50114', 'Chemical') :: ['oestrogen']

entities_list: @entity470 :: ('1956', 'Gene') :: ['epidermal growth factor receptor', 'EGFr']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomas']

answer: @entity1722 :: (2064,Gene) :: ['c-erbB-2']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this article is to evaluate, using two pairwise case-control studies, attributable mortality linked to @entity2489 ( @entity2489 ) complicating the intensive care unit (ICU) stay of @entity1 exhibiting severe @entity497 ( @entity497 ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Over an 11-year period, 498 @entity1 with severe @entity497 were collected. Among them, 43 exhibited @entity2489 . In a first case-control study, these @entity1 were matched with control on the basis of six confounding variables known to be general ICU prognosis factors. In a second case-control study, six variables specifically linked to @entity497 prognosis were used for matching. RESULTS: In the two case-control studies, each case @entity1 was matched with one control @entity1 . In the first analysis, success of matching was achieved in 198 of 258 (77%) variables used for matching. In the second analysis, matching was successful for 242 of 258 (94%) confounding variables used. Eighteen @entity1 died, compared with, respectively, 6 (P = .003) and 7 (P = .01) controls. Attributable mortality of @entity2489 was similar in the two pairwise analyses, respectively, 28% (risk ratio = 3.0; 95% confidence interval, 1.32 to 6.82) and 26% (risk ratio = 2.57; 95% confidence interval, 1.2 to 5.52). CONCLUSION: When confounding factors were controlled, @entity2489 appeared to increase mortality of severe @entity497 requiring ICU admission.

title: Effect of XXXX on mortality of severe @entity497 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2489 :: ('MESH:D053717', 'Disease') :: ['HA-VAP', 'hospital-acquired ventilator-associated pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity497 :: ('MESH:D003147', 'Disease') :: ['CAP', 'community-acquired pneumonia']

answer: @entity2489 :: (MESH:D053717,Disease) :: ['hospital-acquired ventilator-associated pneumonia']


abstract: Both mu opioid agonists and @entity1024 ( @entity143 ) receptor antagonists are implicated in the regulation of @entity9 preclinical @entity158 models. This study characterizes the effects of intravenously infused @entity680 (a mu-receptor agonist) and @entity3652 (an @entity143 -receptor antagonist) on @entity1 @entity9 states, characterized by @entity1931 and @entity1931 . Using @entity3933 as the placebo, @entity680 and @entity3652 infusions were given in a randomized double-blind fashion 1 week apart via a computer-controlled infusion (CCI) pump that was programmed to target plasma levels of @entity680 at 25, 50 and 75 ng/ml and @entity3652 at 50, 100 and 150 ng/ml. At the beginning of each infusion and each targeted plasma level, baseline vital signs, neurosensory testing that included thermal thresholds, thermal @entity158 and von Frey filament thresholds, and spontaneous and evoked @entity158 scores were obtained. Moreover, the areas of @entity1931 or @entity1931 to stroking and a 5.18 von Frey filament were mapped at the beginning and the end of each infusion. A total of seven males and five females with post-nerve @entity130 and @entity1931 were enrolled in the study. Elevations of cold, warm, hot @entity158 and von Frey tactile thresholds were noted. Dose-dependent increases in cold and @entity158 thresholds, and reductions in stroking @entity158 scores were noted in both the @entity680 and the @entity3652 infusions. In addition, @entity680 showed a statistically significant dose-dependent reduction in both spontaneous and von @entity158 scores. Both the @entity680 and @entity3652 infusions showed a reduction in the stroking @entity1931 area and @entity3652 showed a significant reduction in the von @entity1931 area. No significant CNS side effects and changes in vital signs were noted. A partial deafferentation state was found in the post- @entity128 @entity1 who presented with @entity1931 and @entity1931 . The effects of @entity680 on cold and @entity158 thresholds and spontaneous @entity158 scores correlates with previous studies suggesting an opiate central analgesic effect. In addition, the reduction of the @entity1931 area and evoked @entity158 scores with the @entity680 infusion suggests that opioids may have some peripheral effects in the post- @entity128 @entity1 . Therefore, clinical utilization of opioids with careful titration may be @entity128 @entity1 with partial deafferentation. With the absence of significant CNS side effects, the @entity3652 infusion not only demonstrated the well-documented spinal cord mechanism of the @entity143 receptor, but the result of the current study also suggests that a peripheral mechanism of @entity143 receptor may exist. The relationship between central sensitization and regulation of peripheral @entity143 -receptor expression requires further investigation.

title: Concentration-effect relationship of intravenous @entity680 and @entity3652 on peripheral neurosensory thresholds, @entity1931 and XXXX of @entity9 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3933 :: ('MESH:D004155', 'Chemical') :: ['diphenhydramine']

entities_list: @entity1024 :: ('CHEBI:31882', 'Chemical') :: ['N-methyl-D-aspartate']

entities_list: @entity1931 :: ('MESH:D006930', 'Disease') :: ['allodynia', 'hyperalgesia', 'hyperalgesic', 'Frey hyperalgesia']

entities_list: @entity680 :: ('MESH:D015760', 'Chemical') :: ['alfentanil']

entities_list: @entity128 :: ('MESH:D020209', 'Disease') :: ['nerve injury', 'beneficial in post-nerve injury']

entities_list: @entity3652 :: ('MESH:D007649', 'Chemical') :: ['ketamine']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['Frey pain', 'pain', 'cold pain']

entities_list: @entity9 :: ('MESH:D009437', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathic pain', 'neuropathic pain in post-nerve injury']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['injury allodynia']

answer: @entity1931 :: (MESH:D006930,Disease) :: ['hyperalgesia']


abstract: CONTEXT: @entity650 ( @entity650 ) is an immune-modulating cytokine associated with @entity28 in @entity1 . OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to assess the associations between the genetic variability of @entity650 gene and @entity1386 and long-term changes. DESIGN AND SUBJECTS: We determined the linkage disequilibrium-tagging single-nucleotide polymorphisms of @entity650 gene in 2255 healthy @entity1 and 980 healthy @entity1 from two prospective cohorts. We also conducted a metaanalysis on the associations between polymorphism @entity8996 ( @entity15147 ) and @entity1386 . RESULTS: @entity650 haplotype 222211 (possessing @entity56207 , @entity15145 , @entity15147 , @entity56208 , @entity56209 , and @entity56210 ; 1 codes the common and 2 codes the minor alleles) was consistently and significantly associated with greater waist circumference (P = 0.009 in @entity1 ; P = 0.0003 in @entity1 ) and baseline body mass index (BMI) (P = 0.01 in @entity1 ; P = 0.046 in @entity1 ) compared with the most common haplotype 111112. Haplotype 222211 was also associated with significantly higher early-adulthood BMI in @entity1 (P = 0.007). The haplotype-associated difference in BMI persisted significantly during the follow-up. A 5' promoter polymorphism, @entity56207 , was consistently associated with significantly higher early-adulthood BMI, baseline BMI, and waist circumference in @entity1 (carriers vs. noncarriers, P = 0.01, 0.007, and 0.008) and @entity1 (P = 0.01, 0.10, and 0.0016). The data from this study and a metaanalysis of 26,944 individuals did not support substantial relations between the best-studied polymorphism, @entity8996 , and @entity1386 . CONCLUSIONS: Our data from two independent cohorts indicate that the variability of the @entity650 gene is significantly associated with @entity1386 . Such associations are less likely to be caused by polymorphism @entity8996 .

title: XXXX genetic variability and @entity1386 : associations in two prospective cohorts and systematic review in 26,944 individuals.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'humans', 'men']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity1386 :: ('MESH:D018205', 'Disease') :: ['adiposity']

answer: @entity650 :: (3569,Gene) :: ['Interleukin-6']


abstract: We previously described a Swedish set of male schizophrenic monozygotic triplets. In this study the @entity1 as well as their parents were further characterized. By high-resolution chromosomal analysis an extra band at chromosome 15p was found in all the triplets and the father. Microdissection, degenerate oligonucleotide-primed PCR (DOP-PCR) amplification and reverse painting indicates that the extra band probably contains only repetitive DNA sequences with no known effect on the phenotype. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed similar borderline ventricular enlargement and widened subarachnoid spaces over frontoparietal and basal regions as well as around the pituitary gland ( @entity4776 ) in all the triplets. The father also had widened subarachnoid spaces over the frontal and basal regions. The mother had an @entity4776 indicating widened subarachnoid spaces. All the @entity1 also had a right-sided conductive @entity393 , probably due to @entity600 and fixation of the ossicular chain. The parents did not present any @entity2169 . Neuropsychological assessment demonstrated similar marked reductions of attentional, mnestic, and executive functions in all the triplets, but the mother showed a normal pattern. Possible joint etiological mechanisms for the psychological and @entity854 recorded in the triplets are discussed.

title: Further studies on a male monozygotic triplet with schizophrenia: cytogenetical and neurobiological assessments in the XXXX and their parents.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity4776 :: ('MESH:D004652', 'Disease') :: ['empty sella']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['malformation']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['somatic abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity2169 :: ('MESH:D004427', 'Disease') :: ['otological abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing defect']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aim of this multicenter, multinational, prospective, observational study was to assess the relative value of @entity296 and induced @entity63 early after uncomplicated @entity583 . BACKGROUND: @entity452 - @entity3897 stress echocardiography allows evaluation of rest function (at baseline), @entity296 (at low dose) and residual @entity63 (peak dose, up to 40 micrograms with @entity3897 up to 1 mg) in one test. METHODS: @entity452 - @entity3897 stress echocardiography was performed 12 +/- 5 days (mean +/- SD) after a first uncomplicated @entity583 in 778 @entity1 (677 @entity1 ; mean age 58 +/- 10 years) with technically satisfactory rest echocardiographic study results. @entity1 were followed-up for 9 +/- 7 months. RESULTS: @entity452 - @entity3897 stress echocardiographic findings were positive for @entity741 in 436 of @entity1 (56%) and negative in 342 (44%). During follow-up, there were 14 cardiac-related deaths (1.8% of the total cohort), 24 (2.9%) nonfatal @entity583 and 63 (8%) hospital readmissions for @entity1459 . One hundred seventy-four @entity1 (22%) underwent coronary revascularization (bypass surgery or coronary angioplasty). Spontaneous events occurred in 61 of 436 @entity1 with positive and 40 of 342 @entity1 with negative findings on @entity452 - @entity3897 stress echocardiography (14% vs. 12%, p = 0.3). When only spontaneously occurring events were considered, the most important predictor was @entity296 (chi-square 9.7). Using the Cox proportional hazards model, only the presence of @entity296 (hazard ratio [HR] 2.0, p < 0.002) and age (HR 1.03, p < 0.001) were predictive of spontaneously occurring events. When only hard @entity299 were considered, age was the strongest predictor (chi-square 3.6, p = 0.056), followed by wall motion score index (WMSI) at peak dose (chi-square 3.3, p = 0.06) and remote @entity63 (chi-square 2.25, p = 0.1). When @entity204 was considered, WMSI at peak dose was the best predictor (HR 9.2, p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: During @entity452 stress, echocardiographic recognition of @entity296 is more prognostically important than echocardiographic recognition of @entity741 for predicting @entity1459 , whereas WMSI at peak stress was the best predictor of @entity204 . Different events can be recognized with different efficiency by various stress echocardiographic variables.

title: Prognostic value of XXXX - @entity3897 stress echocardiography early after @entity583 . Echo @entity452 International Cooperative (EDIC) Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial viability']

entities_list: @entity452 :: ('MESH:D004280', 'Chemical') :: ['Dobutamine', 'dobutamine']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac events']

entities_list: @entity1459 :: ('MESH:D000789', 'Disease') :: ['unstable angina']

entities_list: @entity3897 :: ('MESH:D001285', 'Chemical') :: ['atropine']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial ischemia']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarctions', 'myocardial infarction', 'acute myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac-related death', 'cardiac death']

answer: @entity452 :: (MESH:D004280,Chemical) :: ['dobutamine']


abstract: PURPOSE: To study the fate of Y-79 @entity1 @entity995 cells after induction of differentiation. METHODS: Y-79 cells were cultured in a synthetic medium and were induced to neuronal differentiation by @entity4876 treatment. Neurofilaments, @entity876 , and DNA-synthesizing nuclei labeled with @entity1603 were immunostained, and apoptotic cells were labeled by in situ DNA nick end labeling (TUNEL). We combined these immunostaining and labeling methods to determine whether the cells expressed these markers at the same time. DNA fragmentation and @entity876 levels were also determined by electrophoresis. RESULTS: Y-79 cells proliferated in the synthetic medium. After @entity4876 treatment, they extended protrusions and increased neurofilament immunoreactivity. The differentiated features were striking on day 7. Thereafter, differentiated cells decreased and apoptotic cells increased. DNA synthesis was detected in the cells expressing immunoreactivity for neurofilaments or @entity876 . At day 7, most of the cells with @entity876 -positive nuclei were alive and neurofilament-positive. However at day 10, the @entity876 -positive cells were apoptotic and neurofilament-positive apoptotic cells accumulated. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that the Y-79 cells express @entity876 and undergo apoptosis after neuronal differentiation. There could be a @entity876 -dependent apoptotic pathway in @entity4876 -induced differentiated Y-79 cells due to the inability to regulate cell cycling.

title: Apoptosis after @entity4876 -induced XXXX cell line Y-79.

entities_list: @entity1603 :: ('MESH:D001973', 'Chemical') :: ['5-bromodeoxyuridine']

entities_list: @entity4876 :: ('MESH:D002087', 'Chemical') :: ['butyrate']

entities_list: @entity995 :: ('MESH:D012175', 'Disease') :: ['retinoblastoma']

answer: @entity995 :: (MESH:D012175,Disease) :: ['differentiation in retinoblastoma']


abstract: A chronic physical disease not only has direct consequences for the chronically ill @entity1 but can also distort the life of the healthy partner. This study of a representative sample of chronically ill @entity1 and their partners in the Netherlands presents quantitative information on the proportion of partners who experience consequences in 4 distinguished areas (personal life strain, social relations, financial burden, and intrinsic rewards) and provides insight into the factors related to this. Data were derived from a subsample (N = 1,093) of @entity1 in the Dutch Panel of @entity1 With @entity102 . Linear regression analysis was used to determine the relative effect of caregiving and of disease characteristics to explain the variance in the 4 impact factors. The most prevailing consequences, experienced by more than half of the partners, were related to personal life strain and intrinsic rewards. An impact on social relations and financial situation was reported by 20% of the partners. The regression analyses showed that the time spent on caregiving is the main predictor for all 4 impact measures in this study. However, the findings also make clear that the impact on the partner's life does not arise entirely from the amount of caregiving. An independent effect of specific disease characteristics is observed in addition to the effect of caregiving; that is, we found that physical impairments in the @entity1 are related to higher personal life strain and higher financial @entity73 are related to higher impact on all 4 factors. When the @entity1 's disease is accompanied with @entity1295 , the partner reports higher impact on personal life, on social relations, and on intrinsic rewards, and @entity158 significantly affects the partner's social relations. Partners of @entity1 with @entity5 , musculoskeletal, or digestive disorders are more vulnerable for the consequences of the @entity102 . The impact on female partners is higher for all 4 impact factors. The findings make clear that living with a chronically ill @entity1 has an impact on the partner's life that goes beyond the consequences of caregiving.

title: The impact of XXXX : the partner's perspective.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'person', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['burden whereas social impairments']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic disease', 'Chronic Diseases']

answer: @entity102 :: (MESH:D002908,Disease) :: ['chronic diseases']


abstract: A case of @entity10146 associated with @entity32050 is reported. The @entity1 was a male baby whose mother had normal serum titers for toxoplasma, syphilis, @entity2462 and @entity1956 . She had no history of @entity6 , administration of drugs or irradiation during the pregnancy. At the 8th month of gestation, fetal @entity1276 was diagnosed by ultrasonic imaging. He was delivered by caesarean section at 34 weeks and 4 days, weighing 2,644 g. His head circumference was 42 cm; the anterior fontanel was not distended and its tension was normal. The chromosomal karyotype was a normal 46 XY. X-ray CT showed a large dorsal sac cyst in the supratentorial space and a hypoplastic cerebellum with a large cyst in the posterior fossa. He received a cyst-peritoneal shunt 24 days after birth. After this procedure, his @entity135 was arrested. We discuss the etiology of this rare coexistence of two major @entity600 .

title: @entity10146 with XXXX . Rare coexistence of two major @entity600 .

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head enlargement']

entities_list: @entity32050 :: ('MESH:C538507', 'Disease') :: ['Dandy-Walker cyst']

entities_list: @entity1956 :: ('MESH:D006509', 'Disease') :: ['hepatitis B']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['hydrocephalus']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['malformations']

entities_list: @entity10146 :: ('MESH:D016142', 'Disease') :: ['holoprosencephaly']

answer: @entity32050 :: (MESH:C538507,Disease) :: ['Dandy-Walker cyst']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6794 ( @entity6794 ) is an uncommon, destructive, cutaneous @entity1066 , belonging to the neutrophilic disease spectrum. It is associated with @entity262 in 50% of cases. METHODS: We report a retrospective study of 21 cases of @entity6794 . All cases studied fulfilled the following criteria: (i) clinical features of @entity6794 ; (ii) histopathology consistent with a diagnosis of @entity6794 , and excluding other specific dermatoses. RESULTS: The average age of our @entity1 was 41.8 years. The male to female ratio was 1.1. The typical ulcerative variant was found in 17 @entity1 , bullous @entity6794 in two @entity1 , and the granulomatous variant in two @entity1 . Sixty-two per cent of our @entity1 had lesions on their lower legs. Two @entity1 had @entity358 concurrent with the @entity1066 . An association with other internal diseases was noted in 12 @entity1 . Histopathologic study showed @entity1333 in 13 @entity1 . Of these, 11 were leukocytoclastic and the others predominantly lymphocytic. CONCLUSIONS: @entity6794 is a rare disease, with the ulcerative variant being most frequent. The lower legs are the most commonly affected sites. The recurrence rate in our study was about 46% regardless of the treatment prescribed. @entity358 was fatal in two @entity1 .

title: XXXX : a report of 21 cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6794 :: ('MESH:D017511', 'Disease') :: ['Pyoderma gangrenosum', 'PG']

entities_list: @entity1333 :: ('MESH:D014657', 'Disease') :: ['vasculitis']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulcers', 'ulceration']

entities_list: @entity262 :: ('MESH:D034721', 'Disease') :: ['systemic disease']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['neutrophilic pulmonary involvement', 'Pulmonary involvement']

answer: @entity6794 :: (MESH:D017511,Disease) :: ['Pyoderma gangrenosum']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Type 2 @entity6 (T2DM) @entity1 often fail to achieve adequate glycemic control with @entity1697 ( @entity1697 ). Insulin has been shown to improve glycemic control in these @entity1 but with increased risk of @entity4053 . This study compared the efficacy and safety of insulin glargine and NPH insulin, both in combination with a once-daily fixed dose of @entity16024 , in terms of glycemic control and incidence of @entity4053 . METHODS: In this open-label, 24-week randomized trial in ten Latin American countries, T2DM @entity1 poorly controlled on @entity1697 (HbA1c > or = 7.5 and < or = 10.5%) received @entity16024 plus insulin glargine (n = 231) or NPH insulin (n = 250) using a forced titration algorithm. The primary endpoint was the equivalence of 24-week mean changes in HbA1c. RESULTS: Insulin glargine and NPH insulin achieved similar HbA1c reductions (adjusted mean difference -0.047; 90% CI -0.232, 0.138; per-protocol analysis). Confirmed @entity4053 was significantly lower with insulin glargine vs. NPH insulin (16.9 vs. 30.0%; p <0.01; safety analysis). @entity1 receiving insulin glargine were significantly more likely to achieve HbA1c levels < 7.0% without @entity4053 (27 vs. 17%; p = 0.014; per-protocol analysis). There was a more pronounced treatment satisfaction improvement with insulin glargine vs. NPH insulin (p <0.02; full analysis). The proportion of @entity1 who lost time from work or normal activities due to @entity6 was lower with insulin glargine vs. NPH (1.8 vs. 3.3%; full analysis). CONCLUSIONS: In @entity1 with T2DM, inadequately controlled on @entity1697 , once-daily insulin glargine plus @entity16024 is effective in improving metabolic control with a reduced incidence of @entity4053 compared with NPH insulin.

title: Therapy in type 2 XXXX : insulin glargine vs. NPH insulin both in combination with @entity16024 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1697 :: ('MESH:D009062', 'Disease') :: ['oral antidiabetic drugs', 'OADs']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity16024 :: ('MESH:C057619', 'Chemical') :: ['glimepiride']

entities_list: @entity4053 :: ('MESH:D007003', 'Disease') :: ['hypoglycemia', 'nocturnal hypoglycemia']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']


abstract: Gastroesophageal @entity548 is a rare complication during an operation. We present a case of gastric variceal re- @entity397 during an emergent operation for devascularization of the gastric veins. The @entity1 was a 72-year old @entity1 with @entity1575 , who developed @entity360 on the day of surgery. Sclerotherapy with an endoscope was performed, and the @entity548 was controlled four hours before entering the operating theater. The induction of anesthesia and tracheal intubation were done with rapid sequence because the @entity1 was regarded as full stomach. Induction was completed successfully. However, @entity27104 immediately after the beginning of the surgery. The @entity548 into the stomach amounted to 2,165 ml. The @entity1 developed @entity551 of 40 mmHg of systolic pressure for 15 minutes. With fluid resuscitation, continuous infusion of @entity935 and ligation of varix, the @entity1 recovered from this @entity551 event. No @entity51 developed postoperatively. @entity101 results from increased resistance to portal venous blood flow or increased portal venous blood flow. Therefore, increased intravascular volume may play a significant role in precipitating @entity548 . In this case, abrupt circulatory change due to inadequate depth of anesthesia may partly cause @entity548 . In conclusion, since potential adverse effects of increased blood volume and hepatic resistance on @entity548 must be considered during anesthesia, @entity1 with episode of @entity548 should be treated as full stomach although endoscopic findings before the surgery indicate controlled @entity548 from varix.

title: [Intraoperative re- @entity397 of gastric varix immediately after the start of an operation in a XXXX with @entity1575 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['Portal hypertension']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['massive hemorrhage', 'variceal hemorrhage', 'hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deficit']

entities_list: @entity1575 :: ('MESH:D008103', 'Disease') :: ['liver cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity27104 :: ('MESH:D013275', 'Disease') :: ['gastric varix ruptured']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotensive', 'hypotension']

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['gastric variceal hemorrhage']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To address the problems present in the treatment of @entity1596 . METHODS: A retrospective analysis was made on 154 @entity1 (268 eyes) with different entities of @entity1596 , coming from all over China and referring to Zhongshan ophthalmic center from April to October of 2000. The data of these @entity1 , especially with respect to the usage of @entity288 and antibiotics in the referred hospitals, were analyzed. RESULTS: @entity288 drops, subconjunctival or retrobulbar injection and systemic @entity288 were respectively used in 90.3% and 84.0% of these eyes, and 92.9% of these cases. Intravenous injection of @entity288 was rather popular, accounting for 85.3% of the cases who were treated with systemic @entity288 . Improperly aggressive treatment with @entity288 or undue application of their eye drops was equally found in @entity1 from county-, city- and province-level hospitals, especially in @entity2403 , anterior @entity1596 and Fuchs heterochromic @entity1596 . Antibiotics drops, subconjunctival injection and systemic administration of antibiotics were respectively used in 97.0% and 71.6% of these eyes and 83.8% of these @entity1 . Immunosuppressive drugs, other than the @entity288 , were used in 6 @entity1 only. CONCLUSIONS: @entity288 should be used in proper methods, dosage and duration based on the entities and severity of @entity1596 . It is not necessary to treat noninfectious @entity1596 with antibiotics.

title: [Evaluation of the problems in the treatment of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2403 :: ('MESH:D001528', 'Disease') :: ["Behcet's disease"]

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids', 'Corticosteroids']

answer: @entity1596 :: (MESH:D014605,Disease) :: ['uveitis']


abstract: Behavioral effects of a hydroalcoholic extract from leaves of Aloysia polystachya (Griseb.) Moldenke (Verbenaceae) were studied in female @entity35 . The extract was administered intraperitoneally and its effects on spontaneous motor activity (total motility, locomotion, rearing and grooming behavior) were monitored. Anxiolytic-like properties were studied in the elevated plus-maze (EPM) test and the possible antidepressant-like actions were evaluated in the forced swimming test (FST). The results revealed that high doses of the extract (25 and 50 mg/kg, i.p.) caused a significant decrease in total motility, locomotion, rearing and grooming behavior. All doses injected (from 1.56 to 50 mg/kg) increased the exploration of the EPM open arms in a similar way to that of @entity3175 (1 mg/kg, i.p.). In the FST, the extract (12.5, 25 and 50 mg/kg) was as effective as @entity905 (10 mg/kg, i.p.) and @entity2645 (12.5 mg/kg, i.p.) in reducing immobility, along with a significant increase in swimming and climbing, respectively. These results suggest that some of the components of the hydroalcoholic extract of A. polystachya, such as @entity21860 and @entity23919 among others, may have sedative, anxiolytic and antidepressant-like properties which deserve further investigation.

title: Anxiolytic and antidepressant-like effects of the hydroalcoholic extract from Aloysia polystachya in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3175 :: ('MESH:D003975', 'Chemical') :: ['diazepam']

entities_list: @entity905 :: ('MESH:D005473', 'Chemical') :: ['fluoxetine']

entities_list: @entity2645 :: ('MESH:D007099', 'Chemical') :: ['imipramine']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague-Dawley rats']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: The State of @entity16872   in north-eastern Brazil has one of the highest rates in the world of relapse and @entity204 due to @entity3219 ( @entity3219 ) in @entity791 ( @entity791 ) @entity1 . The objective of this study is to characterise the relapse and mortality of @entity3219 in @entity791 cases residents in @entity16872  . We performed a retrospective analysis of the medical records of @entity791 @entity1 who had a first episode of @entity3219 from 2002 to 2008. We analysed the outcomes until December 31, 2010. A total of 145 @entity1 participated in the study. The mean clinical follow-up duration was 3.38  years (SD  =  2.2; 95% CI  =  3.01-3.75). The majority of the subjects were male with a mean age of 35  years (SD  =  2.2; 95% CI  =  3.01-3.75) and were born in the capital of @entity16872  . @entity3219 was the first manifestation of @entity791 in 59% of the @entity1 . The relapse rate was 23.3%, with a disseminated presentation in 90% of these @entity1 . The overall mortality during the study period was 30.2%. The majority of @entity1 who relapsed or died had irregular treatment with antifungals or highly active antiretroviral therapy and did not have active clinical follow-up. High rates of recurrence and mortality were found in @entity791 -associated @entity3219 in this area of the country.

title: Disseminated XXXX and aids: relapse and late mortality in endemic area in North-Eastern Brazil.

entities_list: @entity3219 :: ('MESH:D006660', 'Disease') :: ['DH', 'disseminated histoplasmosis']

entities_list: @entity791 :: ('MESH:D000163', 'Disease') :: ['acquired immunodeficiency syndrome', 'AIDS']

answer: @entity3219 :: (MESH:D006660,Disease) :: ['histoplasmosis']


abstract: Objective. To assess the short-term efficacy and safety of two kinds of Traditional Chinese herbal patches, Fufang Nanxing Zhitong Gao (FNZG) and Shangshi Jietong Gao (SJG), for @entity158 ( @entity571 ). Methods. @entity1 were randomly enrolled in a double-blind, placebo-controlled study to receive FNZG (n = 60), SJG (n = 60), or placebo patch (n = 30) for 7 days. Outcome measures included visual analogue scale (VAS), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities @entity571 Index (WOMAC), and Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome Questionnaire (TCMSQ) subscale. Results. Although there was no significant difference among, three groups in short-term @entity158 management, @entity1 receiving FNZG got significant improvement in symptom of fear of coldness as compared with placebo patch (P = 0.029). The most common local adverse events of @entity1910 , @entity111 , erythema, and slightly damaged skin were observed in 7% of @entity1 . Conclusions. FNZG may be a useful treatment for symptom of knee @entity571 and merits long-term study in broader populations.

title: Traditional chinese herbal patch for short-term management of knee XXXX : a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['OA', 'Osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'painful knee osteoarthritis']

answer: @entity571 :: (MESH:D010003,Disease) :: ['osteoarthritis']