abstract: BACKGROUND: We aimed at measuring the positive predictive value ( @entity2286 ) of data in the @entity580 ( @entity9680 ). SUMMARY: This retrospective multicenter study included 31 hospitals from where 56 hospital stays were randomly selected among all hospitalizations for the years 2009 and 2010 with at least 1 principal diagnosis of @entity64 or @entity63 ( @entity63 ). Three algorithms were evaluated. Algorithm 1 selected discharge abstracts with at least 1 principal diagnosis identified by one of the relevant International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision codes. Algorithm 2 selected stays with 1 principal diagnosis of the whole stay, but without the dates of the stay. Algorithm 3 took into account the kind of medical wards. The @entity2286 of each algorithm was calculated using medical records as the reference. We found 1,669 discharge abstracts with a diagnosis of @entity64 among the 1,680 that were randomly selected. The neurologist's review revealed 196 false-positive cases providing a global @entity2286 of 88.26% for algorithm 1, 89.96% for algorithm 2 and 92.74% for algorithm 3. Key Messages: It was possible to build an algorithm to optimize the @entity9680 for @entity64 and @entity63 reporting, with a @entity2286 at 90%. The @entity9680 could be a good tool to measure the burden of @entity64 in France.    2015 S. Karger AG, Basel.

title: Positive Predictive Value of French Hospitalization Discharge Codes for @entity64 and Transient XXXX Attack.

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['transient ischemic attack', 'TIA']

entities_list: @entity580 :: ('MESH:D003428', 'Disease') :: ['French Hospital Medical Information Database']

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['Ischemic']


abstract: Three suilysin (SLY) knockout mutant strains of @entity11769 serotype 2 were generated by allelic replacement from one North American and two European wild type strains. The mutants were characterized by Southern blot, Western blot and phenotyping. In vitro bactericidal testing showed that both wild type and SLY mutants were resistant to bactericidal factors in whole @entity1707 blood. To demonstrate the role of SLY during @entity11769 infection, four animal trials were carried out using young @entity1707 . Either high dose (4 x 10(6)CFU/ml/ @entity1707 ) or low dose (0.5 x 10(6)CFU/ml/ @entity1707 ) live cell aerosol was applied to the pharynx. In one trial, a low challenge dose of North American strain SX332 and its isogenic sly(-) mutant strain (SX932) resulted in @entity697 in 3/5 of @entity1707 exposed to the wild type strain, while 5/5 of @entity1707 exposed to the mutant strain survived the trial. In the repeat trial, 1/8 of @entity1707 in wild type group and 6/8 of @entity1707 in mutant group developed disease. The high dose trial with 332/932 pair showed that 4/8 @entity1707 challenged with wild type and 5/8 of @entity1707 challenged with mutant strain developed disease respectively. The third low dose trial, using European strain 31533 and its isogenic sly(-) mutant strain SX911, showed that 1/8 of @entity1707 challenged with the wild type strain and 4/8 of @entity1707 challenged with the corresponding mutant strain developed disease. All the diseased @entity1707 showed fever, clinical signs and developed @entity295 . @entity11769 was isolated from tissue samples such as brain, submandibular lymph node, lung, spleen, liver, heart or joint. Serum antibody titer against cell surface proteins changed little while the antibody titer against SLY increased only in the wild type group after challenge. sly gene was cloned and expressed in @entity526 . The recombinant SLY (rSLY) protein showed 800 hemolysin units per microg protein. In vitro study showed that rSLY triggered @entity310 production by @entity1 monocytes and @entity650 production by @entity1707 pulmonary alveolar macrophages and monocytes. Thus, the results of this study suggest that SLY does not seem to be a critical virulence factor for @entity11769 serotype 2 @entity1729 , but by stimulating cytokine release it may play a role in innate immunity.

title: Role of suilysin in pathogenesis of XXXX capsular serotype 2.

entities_list: @entity11769 :: ('1307', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus suis', 'S. suis']

entities_list: @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['septicemia']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute disease']

entities_list: @entity1729 :: ('MESH:D012141', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory infection']

answer: @entity11769 :: (1307,Species) :: ['Streptococcus suis']


abstract: Clinical assessment of the respiratory function is critical in @entity746 ( @entity746 ). A standardized process is to monitor the respiratory subscore of the revised ALSFRS (RofALSFRS-R). We tested the utility of RofALSFRS-R and its individual questions in evaluating respiratory functionality. Three hundred and fifty-seven consecutive @entity746 @entity1 were assessed at entry (T0), three and six months later (T1 and T2). ALSFRS and its subscores decayed significantly (p < 0.001) over time. Improvement in the first respiratory question (dyspnoea, @entity5878 ) was found in about 10% of the @entity1 in each period. Between T0 and T1 a significant negative correlation was found between decrease in gait score and @entity5878 (p = 0.021, r = -0.395) in the subgroup of @entity746 @entity1 who showed @entity5878 improvement (n = 34). An improvement in the other respiratory questions was noticed in about 6% of the @entity1 , related to non-invasive ventilation. Possibly, decreased mobility and metabolic demand can cause fewer @entity1576 in a subset of @entity1 . The respiratory questions included in ALSFRS-R should be re-addressed by the @entity746 community.

title: The R of ALSFRS-R: Does it really mirror functional respiratory involvement in XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory symptoms']

entities_list: @entity746 :: ('MESH:D000690', 'Disease') :: ['ALS', 'amyotrophic lateral sclerosis']

answer: @entity746 :: (MESH:D000690,Disease) :: ['amyotrophic lateral sclerosis']


abstract: Genetic predisposition has been shown to affect the severity of @entity9665 in @entity0 @entity1 after radiotherapy. Limited data exist regarding the use of a genetic risk score (GRS) for predicting risk of tissue radiosensitivity. We evaluated the impact of different single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes related to DNA repair mechanisms and oxidative stress response combined in a GRS on acute adverse effects induced by breast @entity1161 ( @entity1161 ). @entity137 was scored according to the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) criteria in 59 @entity0 @entity1 who received @entity1161 . After genotyping, a multilocus GRS was constructed by summing the number of risk alleles. The hazard ratio (HR) for @entity9164 was 2.4 (95% confidence intervals [CI]=1.1-5.3, p=0.04). The other polymorphisms were associated to an increased adverse radiosensitivity, although they did not reach statistical significance. GRS predicted roughly 40% risk for acute @entity137 per risk allele (HR 1.37, 95% CI=1.1-1.76, p<0.01). @entity1 in the top tertile had a fivefold higher risk of skin reaction (HR 5.1, 95% CI=1.2-22.8, p=0.03). Our findings demonstrate that the joint effect of SNPs from oxidative stress and DNA damage repair genes may be a promising approach to identify @entity1 with a high risk of skin reaction after breast @entity1161 .

title: Genetic risk score and acute XXXX after breast @entity1161 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['skin toxicity', 'Skin toxicity']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity1161 :: ('MESH:D011832', 'Disease') :: ['radiation therapy', 'RT']

entities_list: @entity9665 :: ('MESH:D017445', 'Disease') :: ['skin complications']

answer: @entity137 :: (MESH:D064420,Disease) :: ['skin toxicity']


abstract: The feasibility of using adenovirus as a vector for the introduction of glycogen phosphorylase activity into myocytes has been examined. We used the C2C12 myoblast cell line to assay the impact of phosphorylase gene transfer on myocyte glycogen metabolism and to reproduce in vitro the two strategies proposed for the treatment of muscle genetic diseases, myoblast transplantation and direct DNA delivery. In this study, a recombinant adenovirus containing the muscle glycogen phosphorylase cDNA transcribed from the cytomegalovirus promoter (AdCMV-MGP) was used to transduce both differentiating myoblasts and nondividing mature myotube cells. Muscle glycogen phosphorylase mRNA levels and total phosphorylase activity were increased in both cell types after viral treatment although more efficiently in the differentiated myotubes. The increase in phosphorylase activity was transient (15 days) in myoblasts whereas in myotubes higher levels of phosphorylase gene expression and activity were reached, which remained above control levels for the duration of the study (20 days). The introduction of muscle phosphorylase into myotubes enhanced their glycogenolytic capacity. AdCMV MGP-transduced myotubes had lower glycogen levels under basal conditions. In addition, these engineered cells showed more extensive glycogenolysis in response to both @entity1425 , which stimulates glycogen phosphorylase phosphorylation, and @entity6320 , a metabolic uncoupler. In conclusion, transfer of the muscle glycogen phosphorylase cDNA into myotubes confers an enhanced and regulatable glycogenolytic capacity. Thus this system might be useful for delivery of muscle glycogen phosphorylase and restoration of glycogenolysis in muscle cells from @entity1 with @entity9847 ( @entity9847 ).

title: Adenovirus-mediated delivery into myocytes of muscle glycogen phosphorylase, the enzyme deficient in XXXX with glycogen-storage disease type V.

entities_list: @entity1425 :: ('MESH:D004837', 'Chemical') :: ['adrenaline']

entities_list: @entity6320 :: ('MESH:D002258', 'Chemical') :: ['carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone']

entities_list: @entity9847 :: ('MESH:D006012', 'Disease') :: ["McArdle's disease", 'muscle phosphorylase deficiency']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: In Switzerland clinical @entity291 @entity3068 is registered sporadically with on average seven outbreaks per year. Our present studies are aimed to investigate the prevalence of @entity3069 ssp. @entity3068 in the Swiss @entity291 population and, therefore methods to culture MAP from @entity291 feces as well as a commercially available ELISA to detect MAP-specific antibodies are evaluated by using fecal samples and blood sera from herds with cases of clinical @entity3068 . A series of molecular methods i.e. PCR-coupled RFLP analysis of the IS1311-insertion element of @entity3069 , PCR-coupled RFLP-analysis of the mycobacterial rpoB-gene, and DNA analysis of the mycobacterial 16S rRNA gene are used to identify mycobacterial isolates grown from @entity291 feces. Up to now, MAP was detected by culture in 12 of 155 (7.7%) animals from herds with @entity3068 . A rather striking result is the finding of atypical mycobacteria in feces of 75 @entity291 (48.3%). Among these isolates, @entity3069 ssp. avium, M. thermoresistibile, and M. hassiacum/M. buckleii have been identified so far.

title: [Bacteriological investigations about XXXX in dairy herds in Switzerland].

entities_list: @entity3069 :: ('1764', 'Species') :: ['M. avium', 'Mycobacterium avium']

entities_list: @entity3068 :: ('MESH:D010283', 'Disease') :: ['paratuberculosis', 'paratuberculosis (MAP)-infections']

answer: @entity3068 :: (MESH:D010283,Disease) :: ['paratuberculosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The treatment of @entity3179 is often inadequate, because of incorrect diagnosis, overuse of systemic antibiotics and inadequate use of compression therapy. @entity1909 related to @entity4096 accompanied by @entity1066 must be differentiated from erysipelas, @entity2688 and @entity5526 . OBJECTIVES: To assess the effectiveness of (1) topical @entity4279 with and (2) without compression bandages, (3) to compare the efficacy of systemic antibiotics and topical antimicrobial agents to prevent the progression of superficial skin @entity1066 . @entity1 AND METHODS: 63 @entity1 presenting @entity3179 due to deep venous refluxes were included in the study. The clinical stage of all @entity1 was homogeneous determined by clinical, aetiological, anatomical and pathological classification. They were examined by taking a bacteriological swab from their @entity1066 area. Compression bandages were used in a total of 42 @entity1 . Twenty-one @entity1 with superficial infected ( @entity794 ) @entity1066 were treated locally with @entity4279 ( @entity4279 ), and 21 @entity1 were treated with systemic antibiotics ( @entity115 ). Twenty-one @entity1 were treated locally with @entity4279 but did not use compression. The end point was the time of @entity446 . The healing process of the @entity1066 was related to the impact of bacterial colonization and clinical signs of @entity281 . RESULTS: Compression increases the @entity1066 healing rate compared with no compression. Using the same local @entity4279 ( @entity4279 ) treatment with compression bandages is more effective (82%) for @entity446 than without compression therapy (62%). The healing rate of @entity1066 treated with systemic antibiotics was not significantly better (85%) than that of the @entity4279 group. Using systemic antibiotics, the relapse rate of superficial @entity2348 (impetigo, @entity14663 ) was significantly higher (32%) than in @entity1 with local disinfection (11%). CONCLUSION: Compression is essential in the mobilization of the interstitial lymphatic fluid from the region of stasis @entity1909 . Topical disinfection and appropriate wound dressings are important to prevent @entity2737 . Systemic antibiotics are necessary only in @entity281 (fever, @entity7749 , @entity13171 ).

title: Quality control in chronic wound management: the role of local XXXX ( @entity4279 ) therapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity115 :: ('MESH:D000658', 'Chemical') :: ['amoxicillin']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['infected superficial ulcers', 'ulcers', 'ulcer']

entities_list: @entity2688 :: ('MESH:D002481', 'Disease') :: ['cellulitis']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']

entities_list: @entity3179 :: ('MESH:D014647', 'Disease') :: ['venous leg ulcers', 'ulcerated stasis dermatitis']

entities_list: @entity5526 :: ('MESH:D003877', 'Disease') :: ['contact eczema']

entities_list: @entity4279 :: ('MESH:D011206', 'Chemical') :: ['Betadine', 'povidone-iodine']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['systemic infections', 'infection']

entities_list: @entity2348 :: ('MESH:D001424', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial infections']

entities_list: @entity14663 :: ('MESH:D005499', 'Disease') :: ['folliculitis']

entities_list: @entity2737 :: ('MESH:D014946', 'Disease') :: ['wound infection']

entities_list: @entity4096 :: ('MESH:D014689', 'Disease') :: ['chronic venous insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity446 :: ('MESH:C563468', 'Disease') :: ['ulcus healing']

entities_list: @entity1909 :: ('MESH:D003872', 'Disease') :: ['dermatitis', 'Stasis dermatitis']

entities_list: @entity7749 :: ('MESH:D008205', 'Disease') :: ['lymphangitis']

entities_list: @entity13171 :: ('MESH:D004886', 'Disease') :: ['lymphadenopathy, erysipelas']

answer: @entity4279 :: (MESH:D011206,Chemical) :: ['povidone-iodine']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: We recently reported the phenomenon of @entity3009 -dependent @entity694 ( @entity694 ) against @entity131 induced by @entity1543 (AA) in the normal colon. This study investigated whether the @entity694 is preserved in the chronic inflamed colon. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Normal @entity35 and a @entity1960 model, induced by @entity1959 , received an intracolonal administration (0.5 ml) of saline or AA at low concentration (1%) followed by high concentration (8%) 30 min later. The distal colon was removed 48 h after 8% AA administration, and @entity1960 was assessed by macroscopic scoring and measurement of the @entity1589 ( @entity1589 ) activity. @entity3352 (5 mg/kg), a nonselective cyclo-oxygenase (COX) inhibitor, or @entity8228 ( @entity8228 , 1 mg/kg), a COX type 2 selective inhibitor, was injected intraperitoneally 1 h before pretreatment with 1% AA. RESULTS: Intracolonal administration of 8% AA induced @entity1049 (macroscopic score 10.0+/-0.9) and elevated @entity1589 activity (2.8+/-0.2 U/g), which were significantly reduced to 3.3+/-0.8 and 1.8+/-0.2 U/g by 1% AA pretreatment, respectively. @entity3352 abolished the gross mucosal protective effect by 1% AA pretreatment in 8% AA-derived @entity1960 in normal @entity35 while the @entity8228 had no effect. Both @entity3352 and @entity8228 reversed the @entity1589 activity reduction induced by 1% AA pretreatment. In chronic inflamed colon 8% AA treatment resulted in an increase in the macroscopic score to 11.5+/-0.4 from 4.7+/-0.4, but not the @entity1589 activity, which was significantly reduced to 5.7+/-0.9 by 1% AA pretreatment. This gross mucosal protective effect by 1% AA pretreatment in chronic inflamed colon was reversed by @entity3352 while the @entity8228 had no effect. CONCLUSION: These data show that @entity9774 and @entity4665 derived @entity2918 induced by low concentration AA pretreatment reduce the @entity1049 and the increase in the @entity1589 activity in @entity1960 , respectively. The protective effect of @entity9774 is preserved in chronic inflamed colon. These findings support the existence of a low concentration of AA-derived @entity3009 -dependent @entity694 and suggest that @entity694 , which is derived from bacterial breakdown of @entity1735 and protein in the colon, plays a crucial role in the endogenous defense mechanisms.

title: XXXX -derived @entity3009 -dependent @entity694 is preserved in @entity1960 : role of cyclo-oxygenase.

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['acute colonic injury']

entities_list: @entity3352 :: ('MESH:D007213', 'Chemical') :: ['Indomethacin', 'indomethacin']

entities_list: @entity2918 :: ('MESH:D011453', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandins']

entities_list: @entity3009 :: ('CHEBI:26333', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandin']

entities_list: @entity1959 :: ('MESH:D014302', 'Chemical') :: ['trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid']

entities_list: @entity1960 :: ('MESH:D003092', 'Disease') :: ['colitis', 'chronic colitis']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colonic AA', 'colonic adaptive cytoprotection', 'CAP']

entities_list: @entity1543 :: ('MESH:D019342', 'Chemical') :: ['acetic acid']

entities_list: @entity1049 :: ('MESH:D003108', 'Disease') :: ['colonic mucosal damage', 'colonic mucosal injury']

entities_list: @entity8228 :: ('MESH:C080955', 'Chemical') :: ['N-[2-cyclohexyloxy-4-nitrophenyl] methane-sulfonamide', 'NS398']

answer: @entity1543 :: (MESH:D019342,Chemical) :: ['Acetic acid']


abstract: RATIONALE: Airway @entity32 is central to @entity1577 ( @entity1577 ) pathophysiology. Pre-clinical models have shown that phosphodiesterase inhibitors (PDEi) like @entity7855 have anti-inflammatory activity. PDEi have not been studied in @entity1577 subjects. OBJECTIVES: We evaluated the pharmacokinetics, tolerability, and safety of @entity7855 in subjects with @entity1577 . Sputum biomarkers were used to explore efficacy. METHODS: An open-label pilot study of oral @entity7855 administration was conducted in adults with mild to moderate @entity9129 . Subjects received oral @entity7855 20 or 40mg p.o. t.i.d. for 6weeks. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Twenty subjects completed the study. Estimated elimination rate constants were statistically different in subjects with @entity1577 compared to previously published non- @entity1577 subjects. Side effects were generally mild. There were no drug-related serious adverse events. Sputum neutrophil elastase activity decreased. CONCLUSIONS: Subjects with @entity1577 may eliminate @entity7855 at a faster rate than non- @entity1577 subjects. @entity7855 administration was safe in subjects with @entity1577 and decreased sputum elastase activity. @entity7855 warrants further study as an anti-inflammatory in @entity1577 .

title: Pharmacokinetics and tolerability of oral XXXX in adults with @entity9129 .

entities_list: @entity7855 :: ('MESH:C101426', 'Chemical') :: ['sildenafil', 'Sildenafil']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity9129 :: ('MESH:C563237', 'Disease') :: ['CF lung disease']

entities_list: @entity1577 :: ('MESH:D003550', 'Disease') :: ['CF', 'cystic fibrosis']

answer: @entity7855 :: (MESH:C101426,Chemical) :: ['sildenafil']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Reattachment of the supraspinatus (SSP) tendon after spontaneous rupture leads to improved shoulder function. Whether this improvement of function is due to a reversal of @entity2057 and fat accumulation known to occur after @entity397 is still debated. Our previous study of late reattachment of SSP (12 weeks) failed to confirm a reversal of @entity2057 and of fat accumulation. PURPOSE: To find out whether earlier reattachment (6 weeks) reverses @entity194 and fat accumulation of the SSP. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Reattachment group: in seven @entity95 unilateral supraspinatus detachment, reattachment after 6 weeks and killing 6 weeks later. Detachment group: in seven @entity95 unilateral supraspinatus detachment and killing 12 weeks later. The contralateral shoulders served as controls (n=14). Determination of the supraspinatus constituents: muscle, extra- and intramuscular fat in volume and cross-sectional area. RESULTS: Muscle tissue in the reattachment group (8.6 ml+/-1s.d.=0.6) and in the detachment group (8.9 ml+/-0.9) were less than in control supraspinati (10.2 ml+/-0.9, both p<0.05). Extra- and intramuscular fat in the reattachment group (8.7%+/-3.2) was greater than in both, the detachment group (4.6%+/-3.5), and control supraspinati (2.8%+/-1.7, both p<0.05). CONCLUSION: In the @entity95 , reattachment of the SSP at 6 weeks did neither reverse @entity2057 nor fat accumulation during the ensuing 6 weeks. However, earlier reattachment (6 weeks) when compared with later reattachment (12 weeks) prevented an increase in fat accumulation. On the other hand, the delay before reattaching the tendon did not lead to an increase in @entity2057 .

title: Early reattachment does not reverse @entity194 and fat accumulation of the supraspinatus--an experimental study in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2057 :: ('MESH:D009133', 'Disease') :: ['muscle atrophy']

entities_list: @entity397 :: ('MESH:D012421', 'Disease') :: ['SSP rupture']

entities_list: @entity95 :: ('9986', 'Species') :: ['rabbits', 'rabbit']

answer: @entity95 :: (9986,Species) :: ['rabbits']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 4101 Background: @entity201 is a relatively rare @entity5 with a severe prognosis. Regimens combining @entity900 and @entity136 are considered standard chemotherapy in non-resectable cases. In Denmark, a combination of @entity136 , @entity901 and @entity416 has been evaluated in phase I and phase II trials. Based on experience with other @entity1820 , additional effect may be expected when combining chemotherapy and @entity470 ( @entity470 ) antibodies, but only in @entity984 wild-type (wt) @entity5 . The purpose of this phase II trial was to evaluate the efficacy of chemotherapy and the @entity470 -inhibitor panitumumab in @entity984 wt @entity201 . METHODS: Main eligibility criteria were performance status <3, age <80 years, evaluable (not necessarily measurable) disease, and @entity984 wt. All @entity1 received panitumumab 6 mg/kg, @entity136 1,000 mg/m(2), and @entity901 60 mg/m(2) on day one plus @entity416 1000 mg/m(2) b.i.d. day one to seven on a two weeks cycle. In a two-stage design, the first 18 @entity1 met the criteria for extending inclusion to 46. The primary endpoint was the fraction of progression free survival (PFS) at six months and secondary endpoints were response rate (RR), @entity137 , and overall survival (OS). RESULTS: From 10/2008 to 8/2010, 46 @entity1 were included in a single institution. There were 31 @entity1 and 15 males. Median age was 66 years (range 37-80). Twenty-five, 16, and 5 @entity1 were in performance status 0, 1, and 2, respectively. The primary endpoint, fraction of PFS at 6 months, was 71.6% (95% CI 56.1%-82.4%, 33 events, intention-to-treat). Forty-two @entity1 had measurable disease and the best response was 1 CR, 13 PR, 21 SD, and 7 @entity1 progressing or dying at or before first assessment after 3 months. Thus, RR was 33% and the disease control rate 83%. Median PFS was 8.3 months (95% CI 6.7-8.7 months) and median OS was 9.8 months (95% CI 7.4-12.5 months). @entity137 was as expected including 8 cases of EGRF related skin adverse events >grade 2. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first marker driven phase II trial in inoperable @entity201 . The regimen is feasible and will be tested in a randomized trial.

title: Marker driven systemic treatment of inoperable @entity201 : Panitumumab and combination chemotherapy in @entity984 wild-type XXXX .

entities_list: @entity901 :: ('MESH:C030110', 'Chemical') :: ['oxaliplatin']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'Toxicity']

entities_list: @entity416 :: ('MESH:C110904', 'Chemical') :: ['capecitabine']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity470 :: ('1956', 'Gene') :: ['EGFR', 'epidermal growth factor receptor']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity201 :: ('MESH:D018281', 'Disease') :: ['cholangiocarcinomas', 'Cholangiocarcinoma', 'cholangiocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1820 :: ('MESH:D005770', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal tumors']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['gemcitabine']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumors']


abstract: Radical resection of low-grade @entity11 can decrease the incidence of recurrence, the time to @entity5 progression, and the incidence of malignant transformation. The authors present a series of 25 @entity1 who underwent craniotomy and resection of low-grade @entity5 in an intraoperative magnetic resonance (MR) imager. This is an open configuration 0.5-tesla imager developed by The Brigham and @entity1 's Hospital and General Electric, in which a @entity1 can be placed to undergo surgery. Gross-total removal was accomplished under real-time image guidance. These intraoperative images allow definitive localization and targeting of the lesions and accommodate anatomical changes that may occur during surgery. The authors consistently found that the extent of abnormality seen on the intraoperatively obtained films of resection was larger than that apparent in the surgical field of view alone. Intraoperative imaging made accurate surgical identification of these abnormal areas and subsequent resection possible. @entity1 with @entity5 adjacent to or within motor or language cortex underwent resection while awake, with monitoring of neurological function. In these cases, an aggressive resection without increased @entity16 was accomplished using the image guidance in conjunction with serial testing. A 1-month postoperative MR image was obtained in all @entity1 . These correlated with the final intraoperative images obtained after the resection was completed. Only one @entity1 had a mild postoperative deficit that remained at the 1-month follow-up examination. As the long-term outcome in @entity1 with low-grade @entity11 has been shown to correspond to the degree of resection, surgical resection in which intraoperative MR imaging guidance is used can be an invaluable modality in the treatment of these @entity5 .

title: Surgical treatment of low-grade XXXX in the intraoperative magnetic resonance imager.

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['gliomas']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'Women']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological morbidity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

answer: @entity11 :: (MESH:D005910,Disease) :: ['gliomas']


abstract: BACKGROUND: It remains unclear whether socioeconomic status (SES) influences access to invasive @entity299 after @entity583 ( @entity583 ) in a universal health care system. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of SES on access to cardiac procedure after @entity583 in a universal health care system. METHODS: This was an observational cohort study of all @entity1 with a first @entity583 in the province of Quebec, Canada, between 1985 to 1995. Information on treatment was obtained from the discharge and physicians' claims databases. SES was obtained from census data by linking postal codes. SES-independent predictors of use were identified, then incorporated in hierarchical models to predict use in low, medium, and high SES areas. The main outcome measures were rates of cardiac catheterization, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), and coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) as a function of SES. RESULTS: SES data were available for 62,364 individuals with a first @entity583 . Of these, 65% were @entity1 and the mean age was 64 +/- 13 years. Rates of @entity299 rose with an increase in several SES measures. After adjustment for individual-level predictors of use of cardiac catheterization, average rent, (odds ratio per  100 difference: 1.57, 95% credible interval: 1.36 to 1.80) and proportion of renters, (odds ratio, 2.2; 95% CI: 1.21 to 3.73) in the area were independent SES predictors. @entity1 in low SES areas (median family income:   30,809 CDN) were less likely to undergo cardiac catheterization than @entity1 in high SES areas ( 92,169 CDN) ( @entity1 : 33%; compared with 47%; @entity1 : 18%; compared with 47%). However, among @entity1 with cardiac catheterization, SES was not associated with the use of revascularization procedures. For example, PCI rates for @entity1 within 90 days after @entity583 were 26%, compared with 25% in low and high SES areas, respectively. CABG rates were 15%, compared with 19%. CONCLUSIONS: We found that in the universal health care system of Canada, access to cardiac catheterization after @entity583 varied according to SES. Among those with cardiac catheterization, SES did not appear to influence further use of revascularization procedures.

title: Universal health insurance coverage does not eliminate inequities in access to @entity299 after XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['AMI', 'acute myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac procedures']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['acute myocardial infarction']


abstract: Long-implanted foreign bodies can provoke @entity242 in several species, although rarely in @entity1 . In @entity5 , RNA metabolism is highly active. Several kinds of RNA from 5 species were tested for prevention of @entity5744 in 8 experiments. Nitrocellulose filters or dialysis bags were the implants used. RNA, usually 1 g/dl, was applied to saturate the filters. They were implanted in groups of 30--50 @entity19 , while concomitant controls received saline-saturated implants. The filters surfaces were 9.8 or 19.6 sq cm with pore diameters (roughness) of 0.05, 0.1 and 0.22 mu. The dialysis bags had 6.3 sq cm surface area and RNA content. @entity5 yield was logged weekly. It was compared to that of the controls in each experiment and in the series of trials. @entity1 RNA decreased @entity5 yield in 9 of 11 trials (1 only at p<0.05), ribosomal RNA (85% reduction) being best. @entity375 RNA was inactive. RNA from @entity526 increased @entity5 yield. Two of three samples of @entity291 RNase also increased @entity5 yield, an effect counteracted by admixed RNA. The results would indicate an antitumour effect of @entity1 RNA, or a species or concomitant of it, which was irregularly present in the fractions tested, perhaps of ribosomal origin and dialysable.

title: Inhibition of XXXX by @entity1 RNA?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian', 'man', 'Mammalian']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Tumour', 'neoplasia', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity5744 :: ('MESH:D005547', 'Disease') :: ['foreign-body sarcoma']

answer: @entity5744 :: (MESH:D005547,Disease) :: ['foreign-body sarcoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The European eHealthMonitor project (eHM) developed a user-sensitive and interactive web portal for @entity303 care: the eHM @entity303 Portal (eHM-DP). It aims to provide targeted and personalized support for informal caregivers of @entity1 with @entity303 in a home-based care setting. The objective of the pilot study was to obtain feedback on the eHM-DP from two user perspectives (caregivers and medical professionals), focusing on caregiver empowerment, decision aid, and the perceived benefits of the eHM-DP. METHODS: The study on the eHM-DP was conducted from March 2014 to June 2014. The methodological approach followed a user-participatory design with a total number of 42 @entity1 . The study included caregivers of @entity1 with @entity303 and medical professionals (MPs) from the metropolitan region of Erlangen-N  rnberg (Bavaria, Germany). Study @entity1 were interviewed face-to-face with semi-structured, written interviews. RESULTS: Caregivers indicated a high degree of perceived support by the eHM-DP and of provided decision aid. In total, 89  % of caregivers and 54  % of MPs would use the eHM-DP if access were provided. The primary benefits @entity1 perceived were the acquisition of individualized information, computerized interaction between caregivers and MPs, empowerment in health-related decisions and comprehensive insights into the progress of the disease. Major recommendations for improving the eHM-DP encompassed: an active search functionality based on predefined terms, the implementation of a chatroom for caregivers, an upload function and alerts for MPs, as well as the overall design. CONCLUSIONS: Our study is the first to have provided new insights and results on an interactive and needs-oriented web portal, endeavouring towards empowerment and assistance in decision making for caregivers as well as MPs within the realm of caring for @entity1 with @entity303 . The acceptance and willingness to use the eHM-DP emphasizes the potential of eHealth services for community-based @entity303 care settings.

title: Tailored e-Health services for the XXXX care setting: a pilot study of 'eHealthMonitor'.

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['Dementia', 'dementia']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'people']

answer: @entity303 :: (MESH:D003704,Disease) :: ['dementia']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Adrenal cortical @entity5 are rare in @entity1 . @entity5 associated with untreated @entity774 ( @entity774 ) have also been reported in pediatric population. It is difficult for pediatricians to differentiate these 2 lesions.We described a 4.5-year-old @entity1 who presented with symptoms and signs of virilization. Bone age was 9.5 years. Genetic analysis of @entity4414 and @entity6043 revealed a heterozygous mutation of @entity6043 at @entity65488 ( @entity65489 ). No germline @entity876 gene mutation including @entity28503 was detected.The @entity1 was first misdiagnosed as @entity774 and treated with @entity701 for 3 months. Diagnosis of an @entity5 was confirmed by laboratory data and abdominal computed tomography. After resection of the @entity5 , serum @entity230 normalized and clinical signs receded. The @entity1 received no additional treatment and remains disease free after 12 months of close observation. Histological examination showed @entity5 cells with predominantly eosinophilic cytoplasm and few atypical mitotic figures. The proliferation-associated Ki-67 index was <1% detected by immunohistochemistry. @entity5 is a rare but significant cause of precocious puberty (PP). The possibility of @entity5 should always be considered early to avoid delayed @entity5 diagnosis and treatment in cases of PP.

title: A Case Report of Adrenocortical Adenoma Mimicking XXXX in a Young @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'child', 'children', 'girl']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplasms', 'tumor', 'Neoplasm', 'cancer', 'adrenal cortical tumor', 'Secondary tumors', 'tumors', 'neoplasia']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrocortisone']

entities_list: @entity774 :: ('MESH:D000312', 'Disease') :: ['congenital adrenal hyperplasia', 'CAH']

answer: @entity774 :: (MESH:D000312,Disease) :: ['Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was investigate the @entity365 on conception and early @entity393 following @entity52 ( @entity52 ). METHODS: We enrolled 91 @entity1 who were undergoing @entity52 . At embryo transfer (ET), all of the @entity1 had quantitative vaginal culture, ET catheter-tip culture, and vaginal Gram stain scored for @entity6981 and quantitated for polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs). Conception and early @entity393 were compared with culture and Gram stain results. Statistical analyses included the Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test and the Mann-Whitney U-test. RESULTS: The overall live birth rate (LBR) was 30% (27/91), and the rate of early @entity393 was 34% (14/41). In @entity1 with @entity6981 , intermediate flora and normal flora, the conception rates were 30% (3/10), 39% (12/31) and 52% (26/50), respectively (p = 0.06 for trend). Early @entity393 occurred in 33% (1/3), 42% (5/12) and 31% (8/26) of @entity1 , respectively (p = 0.06, comparing intermediate and normal flora). The vaginal log concentration of @entity273 -producing lactobacilli was 7.3 +/- 1.7 in @entity1 with a live birth (n = 27) and 4.9 +/- 2.5 in those with early @entity393 (n = 14) (p = 0.1). CONCLUSIONS: @entity52 @entity1 with @entity6981 and with a decreased vaginal log concentration of @entity273 -producing lactobacilli may have decreased conception rates and increased rates of early @entity393 . A larger prospective treatment trial designed to evaluate the impact on @entity52 outcomes of optimizing the vaginal flora prior to @entity52 may be warranted.

title: Relationship of vaginal bacteria and inflammation with conception and early @entity393 following XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity273 :: ('MESH:D006861', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrogen peroxide']

entities_list: @entity6981 :: ('MESH:D016585', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial vaginosis']

entities_list: @entity52 :: ('MESH:C566179', 'Disease') :: ['in-vitro fertilization', 'IVF']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['pregnancy loss']

entities_list: @entity365 :: ('MESH:D014627', 'Disease') :: ['impact of vaginal flora and vaginal inflammation']

answer: @entity52 :: (MESH:C566179,Disease) :: ['in-vitro fertilization']


abstract: PURPOSE: To review the computed tomography (CT) imaging features of @entity7180 ( @entity7180 ) at the time of initial presentation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: All @entity1 from 1991 to 2008 with @entity7180 were identified (n=105). @entity1 without CT scan available at initial presentation were excluded (n=52). For the remaining 53 @entity1 , standardized radiographic features were recorded. The @entity1 were grouped by predisposing condition. Analysis includes descriptive summary statistics as well as associations among radiographic findings, associated findings, and host characteristics. Parametric and nonparametric statistical methods were used. RESULTS: Median age of the @entity1 was 52 years (range, 6 to 82 y). Some form of immunosuppression was present in 83% of the cases. Preexisting structural @entity358 were uncommon (bronchiectasis, 7; @entity1030 , 3). Twenty (38%) @entity1 had interstitial opacities. @entity66 was seen in 34 (64%) cases. Thirty (57%) cases revealed discrete nodules, 25 @entity1 had 1 to 6 nodules (mean, 2), and 5 @entity1 had fewer than 6 nodules, with the mean size of the largest nodule being 1.67 cm. Masses were seen in 11 @entity1 (21%), 9 of whom had concomitant nodules. @entity75 , including nodules, masses, or airspace disease, occurred in 40% of the cohort. @entity3329 was present in 8 (15%) @entity1 . Fifteen @entity1 (28%) had @entity1143 ; the effusions were unilateral in 10 @entity1 . Analysis of radiographic associations with @entity1 groups found discrete nodules to be more often associated with immunosuppression compared with the nonimmunosuppressed group (66% vs. 11%; P=0.0067). CONCLUSION: The CT presentation of @entity7180 is heterogeneous. @entity66 appeared most frequently (in 64% of the cases), and nodules were present in 57% of the cases. @entity7180 should be considered in the differential diagnosis of immunosuppressed @entity1 with new nodules or masses.

title: XXXX : computed tomography features at diagnosis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3329 :: ('MESH:D008206', 'Disease') :: ['Mediastinal lymphadenopathy']

entities_list: @entity1143 :: ('MESH:D010996', 'Disease') :: ['pleural effusions']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['Airspace disease']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['Cavitary lesions']

entities_list: @entity7180 :: ('MESH:D009617', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary nocardiosis', 'Nocardiosis', 'PN']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['abnormalities of the lung']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease']

answer: @entity7180 :: (MESH:D009617,Disease) :: ['Pulmonary nocardiosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Amitraz is a pharmaceutical, veterinary, and agricultural product which is used worldwide under numerous generic names as an acaricide and insecticide. Because of its widespread use amitraz @entity4968 has come emerged as a cause of childhood @entity4968 during the past decade, particularly more in certain countries such as @entity233 . AIMS AND METHODS: To report the clinical features, the management, and the preventive strategies of amitraz @entity4968 in nine @entity1 , and review the previously reported 137 cases in @entity1 . RESULTS: Five male and four female @entity1 aged 10 months to 8 years were admitted to our department. The estimated ingested dose ranged between 89.2 and 163 mg/kg and estimated time from ingestion to presentation was 30-120 minutes. The initial signs and symptoms were @entity1662 , drowsiness, @entity391 , disorientation, @entity15496 , @entity5564 , @entity551 , @entity1168 , tachypnoea, @entity2332 , and generalised @entity410 . Hyperglycaemia, @entity10200 , and minimal increase in transaminase levels were observed. None required mechanical ventilation. CNS @entity308 resolved spontaneously within 4-28 hours in all. The length of hospital stay was two to three days; all had a good outcome. CONCLUSION: This review details preventive measures and management strategies of amitraz @entity4968 , including the importance of following @entity1 closely in the intensive care unit, monitoring their respiratory, @entity854 since they may occasionally experience serious cardiopulmonary side effects.

title: Amitraz XXXX , an emerging problem: epidemiology, clinical features, management, and preventive strategies.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'humans', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity2332 :: ('MESH:D007035', 'Disease') :: ['hypothermia']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity4968 :: ('MESH:D011041', 'Disease') :: ['poisoning']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular, and central nervous systems']

entities_list: @entity10200 :: ('MESH:D006029', 'Disease') :: ['glycosuria']

entities_list: @entity5564 :: ('MESH:D015878', 'Disease') :: ['mydriasis']

entities_list: @entity1662 :: ('MESH:D003244', 'Disease') :: ['impaired consciousness']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

entities_list: @entity1168 :: ('MESH:D001919', 'Disease') :: ['bradycardia']

answer: @entity4968 :: (MESH:D011041,Disease) :: ['poisoning']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity53 (E2) and @entity1815 (E1) measurements form an integral part of the assessment of female reproductive function and have expanding roles in other fields. However, many @entity4803 immunoassays have limited functional sensitivity, suffer from cross-reactivity, and display poor intermethod agreement. To overcome these problems, we developed a sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC- @entity15 / @entity15 ) assay for the simultaneous measurement of @entity4803 . METHODS: After @entity42817 derivatization, samples were separated by fast gradient chromatography and injected into a tandem mass spectrometer after formation of positive ions with atmospheric pressure chemical ionization. The limits of detection and quantification, recovery, linearity, precision, and reference intervals were determined, and performance was compared with several immunoassays. RESULTS: Total run time per sample was 5 min. The multiple-reaction monitoring ion pairs were m/z 506/171 for @entity65398 and m/z 504/171 for @entity65399 . The limits of detection for @entity6860 2 were 12.9 pmol/L (3.5 ng/L) and 10.3 pmol/L (2.8 ng/L), respectively. Interassay imprecision (CV) was 4-20% (n = 20). The limits of quantification (functional sensitivities) for @entity4803 were 44.1 pmol/L (11.9 ng/L) and 23.2 pmol/L (6.3 ng/L), respectively. The assay was linear to >2200 pmol/L ( approximately 600 ng/L) for each analyte. Recoveries were 93-108% for @entity6860 -110% for E2. No cross-reactivity was observed. Method comparison with several immunoassays revealed that the latter were inaccurate and prone to interferences at low @entity4803 concentrations. CONCLUSIONS: LC- @entity15 / @entity15 allows rapid, simultaneous, sensitive, and accurate quantification of @entity4803 in human serum.

title: Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry assay for simultaneous measurement of @entity53 and XXXX in human plasma.

entities_list: @entity65399 :: ('MESH:C040068', 'Chemical') :: ['3-dansyl-estrone']

entities_list: @entity65398 :: ('MESH:C031470', 'Chemical') :: ['3-dansyl-estradiol']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['Estradiol']

entities_list: @entity42817 :: ('MESH:C029038', 'Chemical') :: ['dansyl chloride']

answer: @entity1815 :: (MESH:D004970,Chemical) :: ['estrone']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the @entity260 of non-penetrating trabecular surgery (NPTS) and @entity3517 ( @entity3517 ) in @entity1 with primary open @entity726 , and to analyze the cost-effectiveness of NPTS to prevent adverse events as well. METHODS: One hundred and forty seven consecutive cases (215 eyes) with primary open @entity726 from the @entity726 division, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, were involved. One hundred and four eyes underwent NPTS; while 111 eyes underwent @entity3517 . Visual acuity, intraocular pressure and complications occurred while staying in the hospital, were recorded. Number of need to treat (NNT) was used to analyze the cost-effective for NPTS. RESULTS: (1) Visual acuity decrease over 2 lines occurred in 25 eyes (24.0%) in NPTS group and 26 eyes (23.4%) in @entity3517 group. The difference of visual changes between these two groups was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). (2) One day after the operation, @entity551 [IOP less or equal to 5 mm Hg (1 mm Hg = 0.133 kPa)] occurred in 39 eyes in NPTS group (38.2%), and 10 eyes in @entity3517 group (9.2%). The difference was significant (P < 0.01). On the day of discharge, the incidence of @entity551 was 27.5% in NPTS group and 17.3% in @entity3517 group, respectively. The difference was still significant (P < 0.05). (3) @entity5891 was found in 20 eyes (19.2%) in NPTS group and ten eyes (9.0%) in @entity3517 group. In either group, a surgical procedure was needed in two eyes to evacuate the blood. (4) Two eyes of grade II degrees and five eyes of grade I degrees shallow chamber were found in NPTS group. Five eyes of grade II degrees and five eyes of grade I shallow chamber were found in @entity3517 group. The difference of incidence of shallow chamber between these two groups was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). (5) Other complications: In the NPTS group, trabeculo-descemetic membrane rupture occurred in one eye, pupil dilated to 7 mm observed in six eyes; in the @entity3517 group, acute elevated IOP occurred in one eye, peripheral anterior @entity5862 at inner incision occurred in one eye, @entity551 macular @entity4 occurred in one eye. (6) The absolute risk ratio (ARR) of NPTS for adverse event was 3.0%, (NNT = 33.2), it costs additional RMB yen 116, 100 for preventing one adverse event. For serious adverse event, ARR = 1.8% (NNT = 55.5), and it costs additional RMB yen 194, 000 to prevent one serious adverse event. CONCLUSIONS: Although the NPTS may reduce the incidence of serious adverse event in comparing with @entity3517 , the cost of NPTS is very high, therefore, it is not an optimal procedure in China. Ophthalmologists in the general hospital should familiar with the @entity3517 procedure to save the medical expenses.

title: [The @entity260 and cost-effectiveness analysis of non-penetrating trabecular surgery in XXXX with primary open @entity726 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3517 :: ('MESH:C564098', 'Disease') :: ['modified trabeculectomy', 'MT']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['glaucoma', 'angle glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['early postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotensive', 'hypotension']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Electron microscopic examinations were performed on systemic muscle-type arteries from two teen-age @entity1 with @entity1614 . In the peripheral organ arteries, the internal elastic lamella revealed a feature tentatively termed "osmiophilic elastolysis". The lytic changes appeared segmentally in the form of electron-dense fragments, and were partly absorbed. Regenerated @entity2362 had a normal structure and surrounded the elastolytic lesions. The same changes were observed in the newly formed small areas of @entity2362 in the thickened intima. The remaining elastic lamella in the affected region contained numerous fine electron-dense granules. Intercellular substances, including collagen fibrils and proteoglycan, other than elastic fibers, were increased secondarily in the elastolytic lesions without any evidence of ultrastructural abnormality. Medical smooth muscle cells making contact with the elastolytic lesions were necrosed and absorbed, and smooth muscle cells in a state of synthesis were increased in the adjacent areas. Abnormal elastogenesis, which showed no remarkable changes macroscopically or light microscopically, was systemic but segmental in the peripheral organ arteries, and regeneration of the structurally normal @entity2362 was concurrent with elastolysis. These events were diagnostic for @entity1614 , and cannot be explained by the conventional theory of elastogenetic enzymic deficiency.

title: "Osmiophilic elastolysis" of peripheral organ arteries in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1614 :: ('MESH:D008382', 'Disease') :: ["Marfan's syndrome"]

answer: @entity1614 :: (MESH:D008382,Disease) :: ['Marfan's syndrome']


abstract: Primary resection of the @entity825 and direct @entity254 is indicated whenever inflammatory stenoses and @entity5 of the @entity825 are present. In our own series of 27 @entity1 operated upon there were 17 stenoses by scars, two malacias of the @entity825 , six @entity2347 , one @entity652 . One @entity1 died on the 16th postoperative day from @entity1066 . Another @entity1 died three months after the resection of the @entity825 following reoperation from a recurrence of the @entity850 . There was bleeding out of the tracheostoma with @entity1173 . One @entity1 had a @entity850 of the cricoid three years after the tracheal resection had been performed. The @entity850 could be treated successfully by reconstructive surgery. None of the other 24 @entity1 had complications. Data on the late results are given. New reports in the literature and our own experience indicate that a tracheal resection with a direct @entity254 seems to be a standardized procedure. Using the right indication for the operation good early and late results can be achieved.

title: [ XXXX reconstruction in inflammatory @entity850 and @entity5 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity2347 :: ('MESH:D003528', 'Disease') :: ['adenoid-cystic carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['stress-ulcer bleeding']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['adenoma of the bronchus and one chondroma']

entities_list: @entity1173 :: ('MESH:D053120', 'Disease') :: ['aspiration']

answer: @entity825 :: (MESH:D055090,Disease) :: ['Trachea']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To review the literature on the management of non-Q wave @entity583 (NQWMI) with regard to functional status and quality of life outcomes. BACKGROUND: Recent trials have raised the question of whether all @entity1 with NQWMI should undergo an early routine invasive investigation versus a noninvasive @entity63 -driven approach. Previous studies examined the management of NQWMI and focused on mortality and recurrent @entity583 . Little is known about whether a routine invasive approach affects functional status and quality of life. METHODS: A MEDLINE search of the English-language literature from 1981 to 2001 was performed using the terms @entity583 , NQWMI, risk stratification, prognosis and management. This search was supplemented by narrowed searches of subheadings and surveys of references cited in review articles and book chapters. Emphasis was placed on those studies that included information on the outcomes of quality of life and functional status. RESULTS: Earlier studies suggest that there is little benefit to a routine invasive strategy. These studies demonstrated an increase in mortality and periprocedural complications. In older studies there is some evidence that suggests routine revascularization improves the secondary end points of quality of life, functional status and @entity1 satisfaction. Two recent trials have suggested that with newer technology, including stenting and the use of antithrombotic and antiplatelet agents, there may be a mortality advantage to a routine invasive approach. Substantial functional status and quality of life advantages to this strategy are possible and expected, but little data exists to support this in the literature. CONCLUSION: The optimal strategy for the management of @entity1 with NQWMI is still unclear despite recent studies suggesting improved outcomes with a routine invasive strategy. There is a growing body of literature on the impact of therapy on functional status and quality of life in many disciplines. The impact of routine revascularization on functional status and quality of life requires evaluation in specific, randomized, controlled trials.

title: Functional status and quality of life following non-Q wave XXXX .

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'myocardial infarctions']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarction']


abstract: This study sought to investigate whether the effects of @entity11028 therapy are subject to seasonal variation as suggested by conventional @entity11028 therapy research. A total of 268 female (age 31-90 yr) and 119 male (age 35-85 yr) @entity1 with noninflammatory @entity1118 were studied. @entity1 stayed at an Austrian @entity11028 for 3 wk and received 2-4 treatments per day, including mudpacks, massages, and exercise therapy. In different groups of @entity1 for 2 yr, @entity158 (self-assessed by questionnaire and Likert scales) and associated variables (mood, fatigue) were measured at the beginning, end, and 6 wk after @entity11028 therapy. Data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance controlling for possible group differences between seasons and cosinor analysis. The effect of @entity11028 therapy on @entity158 was seasonally dependent; short-term decrease of @entity158 was best between April and June and medium-term decrease of @entity158 was best between October and November, with a second minor peak in fall and spring, respectively. The magnitude of the seasonal variation was greater for back (approximately 30%) than for joint (approximately 20%) @entity158 . Positive mood also improved most between April and June. The observed semi-annual variations of @entity158 do not correspond to the well-known annual change in many physiological and psychological variables. The results suggest that the effects of @entity11028 therapy and possibly other related treatments, such as physical and alternative therapies, are subject to seasonal variation.

title: Seasonal variation in effect of XXXX therapy on @entity1118 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain']

answer: @entity11028 :: (729238,Gene) :: ['spa']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The prevalence of @entity571 among elderly is high and it majorly affects the quality of life. @entity626 is the most common form of @entity571 . Timely diagnosis using clinical criteria and effective intervention is of utmost importance. AIM: To estimate the prevalence and determinants of @entity571 of @entity3331 joint among elderly @entity1 residing in an urban slum of Delhi using ACR clinical criteria. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We did a community-based cross-sectional study among 496 elderly (>= 60 years) @entity1 residing in urban slum of Delhi, India from December 2009 to February 2010. The American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria was used to clinically diagnose @entity626 . STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Bivariate analysis using Chi-square test and multivariate analysis was done to identify the determinants. Sensitivity and specificity of individual factors to diagnose @entity626 was calculated. RESULTS: The prevalence of @entity571 was estimated to be 41.1% (95% C.I., 36.7-45.6). Female sex and age >= 70 y were found to be independent risk factor for @entity626 . Among those having @entity3331 @entity158 , presence of crepitus and @entity925 were the most sensitive factors whereas bone overgrowth and bone warmth were most specific factors. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of @entity626 was high among this elderly population and increased with age. Overall, individual factors of ACR criteria were both sensitive and specific in diagnosing @entity626 . In resource constrained setting of urban India, it can be an effective tool in clinical diagnosis of @entity626 .

title: Prevalence of @entity571 of Knee Among Elderly XXXX in Urban Slums Using American College of Rheumatology (ACR) Criteria.

entities_list: @entity626 :: ('MESH:D020370', 'Disease') :: ['Knee osteoarthritis', 'osteoarthritis knee']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity925 :: ('MESH:D063806', 'Disease') :: ['tenderness']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Persons']


abstract: @entity1821 in the oral cavity have rarely been described, with less than 50 reported cases to date and a purported predominance of the myxoid type. We reviewed our experience with 23 atypical @entity5 / @entity1821 of the oral cavity. Twelve @entity1 were @entity1 , 10 were @entity1 , and gender was not stated in one case. Age at presentation ranged from 28 to 83 years (median, 49.5 years). The most commonly affected site was the tongue and most cases presented as a slowly growing, painless mass. The clinical impression was @entity362 or @entity81 in the majority of cases. @entity5 size ranged from 0.6 to 8.0 cm (median, 1.5 cm). Five cases were well circumscribed, 5 cases were focally infiltrative, and 13 cases had markedly infiltrative margins. Twenty-one cases were classified as atypical @entity5 (of which 10 showed spindle cell features), one as @entity1821 , and one as @entity243 . Follow-up data was available in 13 of the 23 cases. Five others were lost to follow-up after a short period. Eleven @entity1 remained free of disease without local recurrence or @entity3 during the period of follow-up that ranged from 10 months to 9 years (median, 24 months). Two @entity1 had multiple local recurrences. Our study shows that atypical @entity5 is the most common type of malignant @entity362 to arise in the oral cavity with an apparently low risk of recurrence if widely excised, although follow-up is relatively limited thus far.

title: @entity1821 /atypical XXXX of the oral cavity: a clinicopathologic study of 23 cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['lipomatous tumors', 'Tumor', 'lipomatous tumor']

entities_list: @entity362 :: ('MESH:D008067', 'Disease') :: ['lipoma', 'fatty tumor']

entities_list: @entity243 :: ('MESH:D018208', 'Disease') :: ['myxoid liposarcoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity81 :: ('MESH:D005350', 'Disease') :: ['fibroma']

entities_list: @entity1821 :: ('MESH:D008080', 'Disease') :: ['Liposarcomas', 'liposarcomas', 'dedifferentiated liposarcoma']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['lipomatous tumors']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Walled off @entity39 (WON) can be treated endoscopically using multiple transmural plastic stents or fully covered self-expandable metallic stent (FCSEMS) and direct endoscopic necrosectomy (DEN). We evaluated the efficacy of "step-up" endoscopic transmural approach for treatment of WON. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of data of 86 @entity1 with WON who were treated with attempted endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) guided "step up" transmural @entity5173 during last 5 years was done. Initially multiple plastic stents were placed and @entity1 not responding underwent FCSEMS placement and/or DEN. RESULTS: @entity1 presented 10.8      2.8 weeks after an acute attack of acute @entity788 and mean size of WON was 10.7      2.9  cm. EUS guided transmural @entity5173 was technically successful in 85/86 (98.8%) @entity1 and 70 (82.4%) were drained with multiple 7/10Fr plastic stents alone while DEN was needed in 9 (10.6%) and FCSEMS was inserted in 6 (7%) @entity1 . All @entity1 had successful outcome with none requiring surgery. The @entity1 who needed DEN/FCSEMS presented earlier and had large size collection with more solid @entity39 as compared to @entity1 treated with multiple plastic stents alone. The complications were @entity516 (n  =  1), @entity1157 following cholecystecomy (n  =  1), development of external @entity3472 following percutaneous @entity5173 (n  =  1) and @entity360 (n  =  1). CONCLUSIONS: "Step up" endoscopic transmural @entity5173 using multiple plastic stents as an initial therapy is safe and effective treatment of WON and avoids more aggressive DEN in majority of @entity1 . Large size WON with more @entity39 may require DEN.

title: Endoscopic ultrasound guided transmural @entity5173 of walled off pancreatic XXXX using a "step - up" approach: A single centre experience.

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis', 'necrotic debris']

entities_list: @entity3472 :: ('MESH:D010185', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic fistula']

entities_list: @entity516 :: ('MESH:D011027', 'Disease') :: ['pneumoperitoneum']

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal bleed']

answer: @entity39 :: (MESH:D009336,Disease) :: ['necrosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity7255 is widespread in the Yemen, but has not been fully documented. METHODS: We have studied 42 cases from the Hajjah and Amran Governorates of the Yemen Republic. The clinical profile of these cases was recorded in a special protocol. The diagnosis was based on positive slit skin smear and histopathologic studies when needed. RESULTS: The age of the @entity1 ranged between 1 and 65 years (median age, 19 years) and the duration of the disease ranged between 2 months and 12 years (median duration, 6 months). Most of the @entity1 had a single lesion. Slit skin smear was positive for parasites in 35 cases (highly positive in 15). From the analysis of features, the disease could be classified into dry type (31 @entity1 ), wet type (seven @entity1 ), and chronic @entity4536 (four @entity1 ). Most of the @entity1 required prolonged (4-6 weeks) treatment with @entity12879 ; the smear was still positive in eight @entity1 , seven of whom were further treated successfully with a combination of @entity1215 and @entity3109 for 2-3 months. One who was treated successfully with intralesional injections of @entity12879 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity4536 in this region seems to be endemic, has a long chronic course, shows a highly positive smear even 1-6 years after onset, and gives an inadequate response to prolonged systemic therapy. Further epidemiologic studies and taxonomic differentiation of the species are required.

title: XXXX in Yemen.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity12879 :: ('MESH:D000967', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium stibogluconate']

entities_list: @entity7255 :: ('MESH:D018366', 'Disease') :: ['Cutaneous leishmainiasis']

entities_list: @entity3109 :: ('MESH:D007538', 'Chemical') :: ['isoniazid']

entities_list: @entity4536 :: ('MESH:D016773', 'Disease') :: ['cutaneous leishmaniasis', 'Cutaneous leishmaniasis']

entities_list: @entity1215 :: ('MESH:D012293', 'Chemical') :: ['rifampicin']

answer: @entity4536 :: (MESH:D016773,Disease) :: ['Cutaneous leishmaniasis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity242 ( @entity242 ) is a rare @entity8650 of uncertain histogenesis that arises predominantly in the extremities of young adults. Immunohistochemically, the neoplastic cells are typically positive for @entity2277 , low molecular weight cytokeratin (CAM5.2) and @entity2543 ( @entity2543 ). METHOD: We examined eight cases of @entity242 from seven different @entity1 . All cases were studied with immunohistochemistry for @entity2543 , CAM5.2 (keratin 8 and 18), 34BE12 (keratins 1, 5, 10 and 14/15), @entity24426 ( @entity5822 , @entity2225 ), and @entity2280 . RESULTS: The average @entity1 age was 53 (range 43-76) and the male:female ratio was 5:2. The location was the upper extremity in @entity5 , the lower extremity, the perineum, and the paraspinal soft tissue in one @entity5 each. All cases contained predominantly epithelioid cells, but spindle cells were also present in three cases. All cases contained areas of geographic @entity39 . CAM5.2 was strongly positive in seven @entity5 and focally positive in one (8/8). @entity2543 was diffusely positive in two cases and focally positive in five cases (7/8). @entity2280 was diffusely positive in 3/8 cases. 34BE12 was diffusely positive in one case and focally positive in two others (3/8). @entity5822 was diffusely positive in one case and focally positive in another (2/8). @entity2225 was negative in all cases (0/8). All cases tested were positive for @entity2277 (6/6), 2 cases were focally positive for HHF35 (2/5), and all cases tested were negative for @entity4483 protein (0/7). CONCLUSIONS: In addition to the known immunoreactivity for CAM5.2 and @entity2543 , there is positivity for @entity5822 and 34BE12 in a small proportion of cases. None of the cases expressed @entity2225 . This immunophenotypic profile suggests that @entity242 is more similar to @entity189 and @entity1352 than to other soft tissue @entity5 , and may be of diagnostic utility.

title: XXXX expression in @entity242 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity242 :: ('MESH:D012509', 'Disease') :: ['ES', 'Epithelioid sarcoma']

entities_list: @entity8650 :: ('MESH:D012983', 'Disease') :: ['malignant soft tissue tumor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'five tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1352 :: ('MESH:D013584', 'Disease') :: ['synovial sarcoma']

entities_list: @entity2543 :: ('MESH:D017573', 'Disease') :: ['EMA', 'epithelial membrane antigen']

answer: @entity24426 :: (3855;54474,Gene) :: ['Cytokeratin 7 and 20']


abstract: Differences in feed intake and production efficiency in lactating Holstein-Friesian (HF), Jersey (JE), and JE   HF (F(1)) dairy @entity291 have been reported. The liver-gut axis is important in the regulation of energy homeostasis, appetite behaviour, and production efficiency. The objectives of this study were to determine: 1) the effect of dairy @entity291 genotype on the expression profiles of genes involved in energy homeostasis in duodenal and hepatic tissue, and 2) the association between the expression of these genes across both tissues and with economically important production efficiency traits. The expression of 27 candidate genes involved in energy homeostasis, feed intake, and energy storage was measured by qPCR. Duodenal expression of the @entity33571 ( @entity33571 ), @entity64278 ( @entity64278 ), and @entity16033 ( @entity16033 ) genes was highest in HF. In contrast, hepatic expression of the @entity21658 ( @entity21658 ), @entity12305 ( @entity12305 ), protein kinase, @entity860 -activated, beta 1 (AMPKB1), and @entity33571 genes was highest in the F(1) cross. In the duodenum, positive correlations were observed between mRNA expression of anorectic peptides ( @entity33571 and @entity64278 ), whereas a negative correlation was detected between orexigenic (ghrelin) and anorectic ( @entity64279 ) gene expression. A negative correlation was observed between duodenal @entity33571 gene expression and both residual feed intake and milk production efficiency traits, while @entity64278 gene expression was negatively correlated with milk production efficiency traits. A heterotic effect was observed in hepatic expression of AMKPB1, @entity12305 , @entity21658 , @entity33571 in the F(1) genotype, possibly mediating improved feed efficiency in cross-bred @entity291 . In conclusion, key genes involved in energy homeostasis and appetite behaviour are differentially expressed due to @entity291 genotype in a tissue-dependent fashion. @entity33571 and @entity64278 are potential candidate genes for the identification of single @entity377 polymorphisms regulating energetic efficiency in the dairy @entity291 , which may be incorporated into future breeding programmes.

title: Expression of genes involved in energy homeostasis in the duodenum and liver of Holstein-Friesian and Jersey XXXX and their F(1) hybrid.

entities_list: @entity12305 :: ('281848(Tax:9913)', 'Gene') :: ['insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor', 'IGF1R']

entities_list: @entity64278 :: ('517420(Tax:9913)', 'Gene') :: ['GLP1R', 'glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor']

entities_list: @entity377 :: ('CHEBI:36976', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotide']

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['cows']


abstract: To investigate the relationship between T-DNA integration and double-stranded break (DSB) repair in @entity958 , we studied 67 T-DNA/plant DNA junctions and 13 T-DNA/T-DNA junctions derived from transgenic plants. Three different types of T-DNA-associated joining could be distinguished. A minority of T-DNA/plant DNA junctions were joined by a simple ligation-like mechanism, resulting in a junction without microhomology or filler DNA insertions. For about one-half of all analyzed junctions, joining of the two ends occurred without insertion of filler sequences. For these junctions, microhomology was strikingly combined with deletions of the T-DNA ends. For the remaining plant DNA/T-DNA junctions, up to 51-bp-long filler sequences were present between plant DNA and T-DNA contiguous sequences. These filler segments are built from several short sequence motifs, identical to sequence blocks that occur in the T-DNA ends and/or the plant DNA close to the integration site. Mutual microhomologies among the sequence motifs that constitute a filler segment were frequently observed. When T-DNA integration and DSB repair were compared, the most conspicuous difference was the frequency and the structural organization of the filler insertions. In @entity958 , no filler insertions were found at DSB repair junctions. In @entity2829 ( @entity2829 ) and @entity286 ( @entity286 ), DSB repair-associated filler was normally composed of simple, uninterrupted sequence blocks. Thus, although DSB repair and T-DNA integration are probably closely related, both mechanisms have some exclusive and specific characteristics.

title: T-DNA integration in XXXX chromosomes. Presence and origin of filler DNA sequences.

entities_list: @entity958 :: ('3702', 'Species') :: ['Arabidopsis']

entities_list: @entity286 :: ('4097', 'Species') :: ['Nicotiana tabacum', 'tobacco']

answer: @entity958 :: (3702,Species) :: ['Arabidopsis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Head-up tilt testing is widely used in the clinical assessment of @entity1 with unexplained @entity1163 . However, the lack of a standard methodology and the conflicting results concerning sensitivity and specificity of the procedure have prompted further studies to define a more cost-effective approach for tilt testing. OBJECTIVES: Our clinical investigation was undertaken to assess the diagnostic value in unexplained @entity1163 of a simple and time-saving protocol for head-up tilt testing, including low-dose sublingual @entity3763 administration. @entity1 AND METHODS: A group of 73 consecutive @entity1 (43 @entity1 and 30 @entity1 , mean age 39.6+/-21.8 years) with unexplained @entity1163 despite conventional clinical cardiovascular and neurologic assessment and 10 asymptomatic control subjects underwent head-up tilt testing with @entity3763 challenge. @entity1 were tilted at 60 degrees for 30 minutes without medication; if no symptoms occurred, 1.25 mg of @entity3763 was administered sublingually and tilting was continued for an additional 15 minutes. RESULTS: During the drug-free phase of the test 14 (19.2%) @entity1 had @entity1163 . After @entity3763 administration @entity1163 occurred in another 28 @entity1 (38.3%); minor symptoms in association with @entity551 developed in 10 (13.7%) @entity1 . The test result was negative in all control subjects. The positive rate and specificity of head-up tilt testing with @entity3763 provocation were 57.5% and 100%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: This new practical diagnostic procedure was found to be fairly sensitive and clearly specific in inducing a vasovagal reflex in @entity1 with @entity1163 of uncertain origin. Consequently, such approach could give a significant contribution in the diagnostic workup of these @entity1 .

title: Head-up tilt testing potentiated with low-dose sublingual XXXX : a simplified time-saving approach for the evaluation of unexplained @entity1163 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'PATIENTS', 'Participants', 'men']

entities_list: @entity3763 :: ('MESH:D007548', 'Chemical') :: ['isosorbide dinitrate']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

answer: @entity3763 :: (MESH:D007548,Chemical) :: ['isosorbide dinitrate']


abstract: @entity2415 and @entity565 are responsible for economic and social burden. Altering the natural course of these diseases is a field of intense research. The National @entity2415 Treatment Trial showed that lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS) could significantly reduce both morbidity and mortality in properly selected @entity1 . LVRS is seldom performed, however, due to the high morbidity associated with the surgery. Numerous bronchoscopic interventions have been introduced with the goal of providing the clinical benefits of LVRS without the surgical complications. Thus far, these modalities have not produced the results once hoped. However, through active modification of both technique and @entity1 selection, the role of minimally invasive modalities in the treatment of @entity2415 continues to evolve. Bronchial thermoplasty (BT) is a method of delivering controlled heat to airway mucosa with the goal of reducing airway smooth muscle mass and hence bronchoconstriction. In @entity1 suffering from @entity565 who cannot achieve control with standard medical care, BT has been shown to be safe and improves symptoms, with long lasting benefit. BT does not seem to affect traditional markers of @entity565 severity such as forced expiratory volume in 1 second and questions remain regarding proper @entity1 selection for this therapy and its true physiologic effects. This article is a review of bronchoscopic modalities for @entity2415 and @entity565 .

title: Interventional pulmonology for @entity565 and XXXX : bronchial thermoplasty and bronchoscopic lung volume reduction.

entities_list: @entity2415 :: ('MESH:D004646', 'Disease') :: ['Emphysema', 'emphysema']

answer: @entity2415 :: (MESH:D004646,Disease) :: ['emphysema']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity5550 ( @entity5550 ) and the night eating syndrome (NES) have been linked to @entity28 . This review summarizes their characteristics, implications of their diagnoses and treatment outcomes. METHOD: Selective review of the literature on @entity5550 and NES. RESULTS: @entity5550 was proposed as a distinctive disorder on the basis of two large multisite studies in the early 1990s. It is associated with more severe and earlier onset of @entity28 , earlier onset of dieting and greater psychopathology. It shows large placebo responses and reduction of bingeing in @entity1 on waiting-list controls. Traditional weight reduction programs reduce bingeing at least as well as psychological treatments designed for this purpose. NES is a stress-related eating, @entity1316 that is associated with @entity2383 . It follows a characteristic circadian pattern and has responded to an agent that enhances @entity750 function. CONCLUSIONS: @entity5550 responds well to weight reduction programs. It is proposed that this diagnosis be used as a marker for psychological problems that deserve treatment in their own right. NES is an eating, sleep, and @entity1316 with distinctive behavioral and neuroendocrine characteristics. Studies of treatment for NES are in their infancy but selective @entity750 reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) show promise.

title: Two forms of disordered eating in XXXX : binge eating and night eating.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity1316 :: ('MESH:D019964', 'Disease') :: ['sleeping and mood disorder', 'mood disorder']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['serotonin']

entities_list: @entity5550 :: ('MESH:D056912', 'Disease') :: ['BED', 'Binge eating disorder']

entities_list: @entity2383 :: ('MESH:D028361', 'Disease') :: ['disordered neuroendocrine function']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obesity']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Burns are common event and associated with a high incidence of @entity204 , disability, and high costs. Centella asiatica (L.) is a medicinal herb, commonly growing in humid areas in several tropical countries that improve wound healing. On the basis of previous studies, we compared the efficacy of Centiderm versus @entity1217 ( @entity1217 ) in @entity121 @entity1 . METHODS: Study population comprised burn victims referred to Velayat Burning Hospital at Rasht, Iran. The intervention group received Centiderm and control group @entity1217 cream. Burn @entity130 were treated once daily at home. All of the @entity130 were evaluated till complete healing occurred and at the admission, days 3, 7, 14 objective signs; visual acuity score (VAS) and subjective signs were recorded. Re-epithelialization time and complete healing days were recorded. We used random fixed block for randomization. The randomization sequence was created using the computer. @entity1 and burning specialist physician were blinded. RESULTS: Seventy-five @entity1 randomized into 2 groups; (40 @entity1 : Centiderm group; 35 @entity1 : @entity1217 group). The mean age of them was 30.67  9.91 years and 19 of them were male (31.7%). Thirty @entity1 in Centiderm and 30 @entity1 in @entity1217 group were analyzed. All of objective and subjective signs and mean of re-epithelialization and complete healing were significantly better in Centiderm group rather than @entity1217 group (P<0.05). There was no @entity281 in Centiderm group. CONCLUSIONS: We showed that use of Centiderm ointment not only improved the objective and subjective signs in less than 3 days, but also the re-epithelialization and complete healing rather than @entity1217 without any @entity281 in the subjects.

title: Partial-thickness burn XXXX healing by topical treatment: A randomized controlled comparison between @entity1217 and centiderm.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity1217 :: ('MESH:D012837', 'Chemical') :: ['silver sulfadiazine', 'SSD']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['partial thickness burning']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['wounds']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Use of the WEB intra-aneurysmal flow-disruption device in unruptured wide-neck bifurcation @entity439 has proven safety and efficacy. However, @entity1756 are underrepresented in existing studies. This retrospective multicenter study describes the use of the WEB in @entity1 with a @entity1756 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ten centers contributed to this study. Clinical and procedural data of 47 @entity1 with 52 @entity439 were analyzed retrospectively together with follow-up angiographies. RESULTS: There were 37 anterior and 15 posterior circulation @entity439 with a neck size of >= 4 mm in 49 of 52 (94%) @entity439 ; 45 (87%) @entity439 were <10 mm, and 2 were partially thrombosed. Successful placement of the WEB was possible in every case. Adjunctive devices were used in 8 of 52 (15%) @entity439 . @entity1031 events were observed in 4 of 52 (8%) @entity1 . Adverse events occurred in 15 @entity1 with 16 @entity439 , 9 of which were potentially related to the WEB procedure (3 @entity1031 events, 5 protrusions, and 1 perforations; 2 perforations were caused by the wire or catheter), but none had a clinical impact. Four @entity1 were retreated. Short-term follow-up in 25 of 39 @entity1 revealed @entity432 in 15 of 25 (60%), 5 of 25 (20%) with residual neck, and 5 of 25 (20%) with residual @entity439 . Short- to midterm imaging in 9 of 25 @entity1 revealed @entity432 in 5 (55.6%), residual neck in 2 (22%), and residual @entity439 in 2 (22%). Of 47 @entity1 , 23 (49%) had an mRS score of 0, 1, or 2; 13 (28%) had an mRS score of 3 or 4; and none had an mRS score of 5 at discharge. CONCLUSIONS: This retrospective series showed good procedural safety, feasibility, and stability of midterm occlusion in @entity1756 .

title: Intrasaccular Flow Disruption in Acutely XXXX : A Multicenter Retrospective Review of the Use of the WEB.

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms', 'aneurysm filling']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['Thromboembolic', 'thromboembolic']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['complete occlusion']

entities_list: @entity1756 :: ('MESH:D017542', 'Disease') :: ['ruptured intracranial aneurysm', 'ruptured aneurysms', 'ruptured wide-neck bifurcation aneurysms']

answer: @entity1756 :: (MESH:D017542,Disease) :: ['Ruptured Aneurysms']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To compare RECIST and EORTC criteria in an evaluation of response to therapy in metastatic @entity150 and to assess their influence on decisions to administer additional therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 42 untreated @entity1 (38 male, 4 female) with metastatic @entity150 were included in the study, which took place between July 2007 and April 2013. The mean age was 66.1    9.93 years (range 41-84 years). A total of 144 metastatic foci were evaluated using multislice CT and @entity419 -PET/CT before and after first-line chemotherapy. The locations, sizes, numbers and SUV(max) of the metastatic foci before and after chemotherapy were recorded, and the response to therapy was evaluated separately using RECIST and EORTC criteria, after which a statistical comparison was made. RESULTS: According to the RECIST and EORTC criteria, the rate of complete remission (CR) was 9.5 and 16.6 %, the rate of partial remission (PR) was 28.6 and 40.5 %, the rate of @entity66 ( @entity66 ) was 23.8 and 14.3 %, and the rate of @entity74 ( @entity74 ) was 31.0 and 28.6 %, respectively. The overall response rate (ORR) was 38.1 versus 57.1 %, respectively, and there were no differences between the two criteria in terms of their detection of @entity74 . The rate of @entity66 was higher with RECIST criteria; however, the difference between the two criteria was not significant in terms of PR and CR. CONCLUSION: A group of @entity1 that had been determined as having a @entity66 according to RECIST criteria were grouped as PR and/or CR according to EORTC criteria. Additional chemotherapy protocols can be used in second-line chemotherapy and/or @entity900 -resistant @entity1 , according to RECIST criteria. In evaluating the response to first-line chemotherapy for metastatic @entity150 , EORTC criteria, using @entity419 -PET/CT scans, can be considered as a more applicable and accurate diagnostic tool. The anatomical findings obtained through imaging methods and from functional/metabolic data obtained by PET/CT can be useful in the planning of second- or third-line chemotherapy, and a high accuracy in re-staging can spare @entity1 from second-line or even third-line chemotherapy.

title: Comparing RECIST with EORTC criteria in metastatic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['stable disease', 'SD']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder cancer']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['PD', 'progressive disease']

answer: @entity150 :: (MESH:D001749,Disease) :: ['bladder cancer']


abstract: Objective.    This descriptive study compares outcome measures of a computerized assessment of @entity158 , and quality of life between chronic noncancer @entity158 @entity1 who have received an implantable device (spinal cord stimulator or intrathecal pump; N  =  143) and those who have not received a device (N  =  130). Methods.    Each @entity1 marked the location of their @entity158 on a body diagram and rated @entity158 intensity, emotional distress, and impact of their @entity158 on mood, sleep, and quality of life using a computerized @entity158 assessment program. An electronic version of the Hospital Anxiety and @entity308 Scale (HADS) also was administered. Results.    No significant differences were found on the @entity158 variables between the two groups. @entity1 with an implantable device gave lower ratings (less impact) on emotional distress (p  <  0.05) and rated their health quality of life as better compared with control @entity1 (p  <  0.05). The @entity1 with implantable devices also scored lower on the HADS @entity308 Subscale. Conclusion.    The results suggest that although @entity1 with an implantable device seem to have more pathology and greater disability, they report less emotional distress and improved quality of life compared with @entity1 with @entity1118 without an implantable device. Future controlled trials are needed to establish the role that an implantable device plays in improving mood and quality of life.

title: Do implantable devices improve mood? Comparisons of @entity1118 XXXX with or without an implantable device.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'pain, emotional distress']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Primary @entity1781 ( @entity1781 ) is a rare but almost invariably blinding @entity5 when its natural history is observed in a "wait and see" strategy. Surgery has hitherto only been advocated in case of progressive disease involving @entity1504 , as it leads to @entity1939 in the overwhelming majority of cases. Therefore, treatment options bearing lesser risk of functional deterioration are highly desirable, both in cases of intracranial involvement as well as during earlier phases of the disease which are currently generally left untreated. The authors report the outcome of the largest series of @entity1 to date treated by stereotactic fractionated irradiation as a new treatment approach in @entity1781 at all stages. METHODS: 15 @entity1 (16 nerves) underwent stereotactic fractionated conformal irradiation with a total dose of 54 Gy, using standard fractionation. Main outcome parameters included visual acuity and visual field, as well as three dimensional remission as documented by imaging. RESULTS: Tumour control was confirmed in all 15 @entity1 undergoing stereotactic fractionated conformal irradiation (mean follow up 37 (range 12-71) months). No @entity1 developed functional deterioration during or after treatment. Moreover, visual acuity improved by more than two lines in one @entity1 and the visual field improved in six cases. Visual outcome in the other @entity1 remained unchanged. There were no significant side effects of radiation therapy. CONCLUSION: These data provide convincing evidence that stereotactic fractionated conformal irradiation is an effective treatment option for primary @entity1781 with minimal treatment related morbidity. It should therefore be considered as therapeutic option both in early stage @entity1781 where surgery cannot be justified as well as in later stages, where surgery is so far considered the first line approach.

title: Stereotactic fractionated irradiation of XXXX : a new treatment alternative.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity1504 :: ('MESH:D002561', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial structures']

entities_list: @entity1939 :: ('MESH:D001766', 'Disease') :: ['iatrogenic blindness']

entities_list: @entity1781 :: ('MESH:D009901', 'Disease') :: ['optic nerve sheath meningioma', 'ONSM']

answer: @entity1781 :: (MESH:D009901,Disease) :: ['optic nerve sheath meningioma']


abstract: Study Objectives: To describe preoperative and postoperative @entity25 and its relationship to @entity260 . Design: Prospective cohort study with 6 time points (3 nights pre-hospitalization and 3 nights post-surgery). Setting: University medical center. @entity1 : The sample consisted of 50 English-speaking @entity1 >= 40 years of age scheduled for major non-cardiac surgery, with an anticipated hospital stay >= 3 days. Interventions: None. Measurements and results: Sleep was measured before and after surgery for a total of 6 days using a wrist actigraph to quantify movement in a continuous fashion. @entity260 was measured by a structured interview using the Confusion Assessment Method. Sleep variables for @entity1 with (n = 7) and without (n = 43) @entity260 were compared using the unpaired Student t-tests or   2 tests. Repeated measures analysis of variance for the 6 days was used to examine within-subject changes over time and between group differences. @entity1 : The mean age of the @entity1 was 66  11 years (range 43-91 years), and it was not associated with sleep variables or @entity260 . The incidence of @entity260 observed during any of the 3 postoperative days was 14%. For the 7 @entity1 who subsequently developed @entity260 , wake after sleep onset (WASO) as a percentage of total sleep time was significantly higher (44%  22%) during the night before surgery compared to the @entity1 who did not subsequently developed @entity933 (21%  20%, p = 0.012). This @entity25 continued postoperatively, and to a greater extent, for the first 2 nights after surgery. @entity1 with WASO <10% did not experience @entity260 . Self-reported @entity25 did not differ between @entity1 with vs. without @entity260 . Conclusions: In this pilot study of adults over 40 years of age, @entity25 was more severe before surgery in the @entity1 who experienced @entity260 . A future larger study is necessary to confirm our results and determine if poor sleep is associated with @entity933 in larger samples and what specific sleep problems best predict @entity260 in older surgical @entity1 .

title: Preoperative Sleep Disruption and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity933 :: ('MESH:D003693', 'Disease') :: ['delirium']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['sleep disruption', 'sleep disturbance']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative delirium', 'Postoperative delirium']

answer: @entity260 :: (MESH:D011183,Disease) :: ['Postoperative Delirium']


abstract: Deficiencies in the activity of cytochrome c oxidase (COX), the terminal enzyme in the respiratory chain, are a frequent cause of @entity74 in @entity1 . These @entity1 are clinically and genetically heterogeneous, and all defects so far identified in this group have been found in genes coding for accessory proteins that play important roles in the assembly of the COX holoenzyme complex. Many @entity1 , however, remain without a molecular diagnosis. We have used a panel of retroviral vectors expressing @entity1 COX assembly factors in these @entity1 to identify the molecular basis for the @entity7319 by functional complementation. Here we show that overexpression of @entity56791 , a protein involved in the synthesis of @entity9152 , the @entity1446 prosthetic group for COX, can functionally complement the isolated @entity7319 in fibroblasts from a @entity1 with fatal, infantile @entity1121 . Mutation analysis of @entity56791 in the @entity1 identified a missense mutation ( @entity66860 ) on one allele, changing a conserved @entity369 to @entity2340 ( @entity66861 ), and a splice-site mutation in intron 3 on the other allele (C447-3G), resulting in a deletion of exon 4. This splicing error introduces a frameshift and a premature stop codon, resulting in an unstable mRNA and, likely, a null allele. Mitochondrial @entity9152 content was reduced in the @entity1 's heart and fibroblast mitochondria, and levels of @entity66862 were increased in the @entity1 's heart. COX activity and the total amount of fully assembled enzyme were reduced by 50%-70% in @entity1 fibroblasts. Expression of @entity56791 increased @entity9152 content and rescued COX activity. These results suggest that reduced availability of @entity9152 stalls the assembly of COX. This study establishes @entity56791 as an additional cause, along with @entity32749 , of fatal infantile, @entity1121 associated with isolated @entity7319 .

title: Mutations in XXXX produce a defect in the mitochondrial heme biosynthetic pathway, causing early-onset fatal @entity1121 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'patient', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity7319 :: ('MESH:D030401', 'Disease') :: ['COX deficiency']

entities_list: @entity2340 :: ('CHEBI:27897', 'Chemical') :: ['tryptophan']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['autosomal recessive mitochondrial disease']

entities_list: @entity1121 :: ('MESH:D002312', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophic cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity369 :: ('CHEBI:29016', 'Chemical') :: ['arginine']

answer: @entity56791 :: (1355,Gene) :: ['COX15']