abstract: OBJECTIVE: Traumatic @entity130 are rare, but potentially life-threatening due to herniation of abdominal organs into the pleural cavities. They can be easily overlooked on initial diagnostics and a high index of suspicion is required. The aim of this retrospective study was to analyze the clinical presentation, diagnostic methods and surgical management of @entity1 with @entity397 at our institution. METHODS: A retrospective study was performed to analyze our experience with @entity1 suffering from traumatic @entity397 . Charts were reviewed for sex, age, side-location, concomitant injuries, time-to-diagnosis, diagnostic methods, surgical approach and outcome. RESULTS: Fourteen @entity1 (median age: 46 yrs, range 18-71, 9 male, 5 female) with @entity130 (left side: 10, right side: 4) were treated between July 2003 and September 2011. @entity130 was a penetrating @entity130 (14%), blunt @entity130 (50%) and others (36%). Associated abdominal injuries included @entity397 (n=3), @entity409 (n=2), @entity1661 (n=2) and @entity356 (n=1). Computed tomography was the most sensitive diagnostic method. All @entity1 underwent trans-abdominal repair of the diaphragmatic defect (direct suture: 10, prosthetic mesh insertion: 4). Associated abdominal procedures included splenectomy (n=3), liver packing (n=2), abdominal wall reconstruction (n=2) and partial gastric resection (n=1). Morbidity and hospital mortality rate were 36% and 0%, respectively. Median postoperative hospital stay was 17 days (range: 7-40 days). CONCLUSION: Morbidity and mortality of @entity397 are mainly determined by associated @entity358 . Early diagnosis helps to prevent severe complications. Spiral CT-scan is the most reliable tool for acute diagnosis of @entity397 and associated visceral lacerations. Laparotomy is an adequate surgical approach for diaphragmatic repair, especially in cases of associated abdominal organ injury.

title: Traumatic XXXX : clinical presentation, diagnosis and surgical approach in adults.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1661 :: ('MESH:D000008', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal wall laceration']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver laceration']

entities_list: @entity397 :: ('MESH:D012421', 'Disease') :: ['spleen rupture', 'diaphragmatic rupture', 'diaphragmatic ruptures']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['injuries or complications of diaphragmatic herniation like incarceration of viscera or lung failure']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric perforation']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['diaphragmatic injuries', 'Mechanism of injury', 'trauma']

answer: @entity397 :: (MESH:D012421,Disease) :: ['diaphragmatic ruptures']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To test the immunoglobulin @entity3917 ( @entity3917 ) from nasal secretion and serum of @entity1 with @entity2023 ( @entity1984 )and @entity2023 ( @entity53736 ) for the purpose of exploring the possible immunological mechanism. METHOD: Ninety consecutive @entity1 were selected between January 2009 and January 2012, involving 45 @entity1 with @entity1984 and 45 @entity1 with @entity53736 diagnosed by symptoms,signs,skin prick tests(SPT) and specific IgE (slgE). Forty-five volunteers were chosen as healthy control (HC). According to the visual analogue scale (VAS) scores,the nasal symptoms of @entity1984 and @entity53736 ,including sneeze. Nasal discharge. Nasal obstruction and nasal itching were compared. ELISA was used to detect the total IgE, @entity17090 , @entity4155 in nasalsecretion and serum. The data was analyzed by SPSS 17.0 software. RESULT: There was no statistical difference between @entity1984 and @entity53736 group in nasal symptoms (P > 0.05); In serum, @entity17090 and @entity4155 increased in @entity1984 group comparared to @entity53736 group (P < 0.05); @entity17090 and @entity4155 increased in @entity53736 group comparared to HC group (all P < 0.05); In nasal secretion, @entity17090 and @entity4155 increased in @entity53736 and @entity1984 group comparared to HC group (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: @entity17090 , @entity4155 takes part in the path of physiological process of @entity1984 and @entity53736 with the immunological mechanism.

title: [Analysis of the level and significance of @entity17090 and @entity4155 in nasal secretion and in serum of @entity1 with @entity2023 and XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity2023 :: ('MESH:D006255', 'Disease') :: ['non-allergic rhinitis', 'allergic rhinitis']

entities_list: @entity3917 :: ('MESH:D020795', 'Disease') :: ['free light chain', 'FLC']

answer: @entity2023 :: (MESH:D006255,Disease) :: ['non-allergic rhinitis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Over 9.6 million @entity2613 visits occur annually for @entity490 in the US, but little is known about the medical outcomes of these @entity1 based on demographics. We aimed to identify disparities in outcomes among @entity1 presenting to the @entity2613 with @entity490 linked to race and SES. METHODS: Data from 4.2 million pediatric encounters of @entity490 were analyzed from 43 tertiary US @entity1 's hospitals, including 2.0 million encounters in the emergency department during 2004-2011. Abdominal @entity158 was categorized as functional or organic @entity490 . @entity698 (with and without perforation) was used as a surrogate for @entity490 requiring emergent care. Multivariate analysis estimated likelihood of hospitalizations, radiologic imaging, ICU admissions, @entity698 , @entity698 with perforation, and time to surgery and hospital discharge. RESULTS: Black and low income @entity1 had increased odds of @entity698 (aOR, 1.42, 95% CI, 1.32- 1.53; aOR, 1.20, 95% CI 1.14 - 1.25). Blacks had increased odds of an ICU admission (aOR, 1.92, 95% CI 1.53 - 2.42) and longer lengths of stay ( @entity5874 , 0.91, 95% CI 0.86 - 0.96) than Whites. Minorities and low income also had lower rates of imaging for their @entity698 , including CT scans. The combined effect of race and income on @entity698 , hospitalization, and time to surgery was greater than either separately. CONCLUSIONS: Based on race and SES, disparity of health outcomes exists in the acute @entity2613 setting among @entity1 presenting with @entity490 , with differences in @entity698 with perforation, length of stay, and time until surgery.

title: Health Outcomes in US XXXX with Abdominal @entity158 at Major Emergency Departments Associated with Race and Socioeconomic Status.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity698 :: ('MESH:D001064', 'Disease') :: ['perforated appendicitis', 'Appendicitis', 'appendicitis']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Children']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity6910 blood type has previously been identified as a risk factor for @entity715 and @entity788 ( @entity788 ). The aim of the study is to demonstrate the associations between @entity6910 blood type and other clinical factors with the risk of @entity1031 ( @entity1031 ) in @entity1 with @entity788 . We conducted a retrospective study in 670 @entity1 with pathologically confirmed @entity788 at the University of Texas @entity601 Anderson @entity5 Center. Clinical information was retrieved from medical records. @entity6910 blood type was determined serologically and/or genetically. Logistic regression models, Kaplan-Meier plot, log-rank test, and Cox proportional hazard regression models were employed in data analysis. The incidence of @entity1031 was 35.2% in 670 @entity1 who did not have @entity1031 prior to @entity5 diagnosis. @entity1151 ( @entity1151 ) and @entity1150 ( @entity1150 ) consisted 44.1% of the @entity1031 events. Non-O blood type, @entity788 , previous use of antithrombotic medication, and @entity28 (body mass index >30  kg/m(2) ) were significant predictors for @entity1031 in general. Blood type A and AB, low hemoglobin level ( <=10  g/dL), @entity28 , @entity3 , and @entity788 were significant predictors for @entity1151 and @entity1150 . @entity1 with @entity3 or @entity788 had a much higher frequency of early @entity1031 events ( <=3  months after @entity5 diagnosis); and early @entity1031 occurrence was a significant independent predictor for increased risk of @entity204 . These observations suggest that @entity6910 non-O blood type is an independent predictor for @entity1031 in @entity788 . A better understanding of the risk factors for @entity1031 in @entity788 may help to identify @entity1 who are most likely to benefit from prophylactic anticoagulation therapy.

title: @entity6910 non-O type as a risk factor for @entity715 in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic body/tail tumors', 'pancreatic adenocarcinoma', 'pancreatic cancer', 'PC']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['Pulmonary embolism', 'PE']

entities_list: @entity1150 :: ('MESH:D020246', 'Disease') :: ['deep vein thrombosis', 'DVT']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['thromboembolism', 'TE']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic tumor']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatic cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Primary @entity1313 comprise a large group of malignant and non-malignant @entity5 including heterogeneous entities with various biological and clinical behaviors. Up till recently, diagnosis of @entity1313 , that drives treatment decision-making, was based on integration of clinical, radiological and pathological features of @entity1 and @entity5 . Over the last years, practical neuro-oncology has entered an era of molecular-based personalized medicine. Indeed, molecular features of @entity5 provide critical information to physicians for daily clinical management of @entity1 and for design of relevant clinical research. @entity11 or @entity5 are the most common primary @entity1313 in adults. Recently, their medical management has been revolutionized by molecular data. Indeed, optimal therapeutic management of grade III @entity11 @entity1 now requires assessment of chromosome @entity4050 /19q copy number and @entity818 mutational statuses as predictive and prognostic biomarkers. Indeed, two large phase III clinical trials have demonstrated that early chemotherapy plus radiotherapy, versus radiotherapy alone, doubles median overall survival of @entity1 suffering from 1p/19q co-deleted and/or @entity818 mutated anaplastic @entity5 . Interestingly, both biomarkers have been identified in a large proportion of WHO grade II @entity11 . Their clinical value, in this population, is under investigation through multiple phase III clinical trials. In sporadic WHO grade I @entity11 , and specifically in @entity816 , MAPK signaling pathway activation is a frequent event, mainly due to genetic alterations involving @entity817 gene. This characteristic opens new therapeutic perspectives using MAPK signaling pathway inhibitors. Finally, in the most @entity146 , WHO grade IV @entity11 , two critical biomarkers have been identified: (i) @entity8724 promoter methylation associated with longer survival and better response to chemotherapy and (ii) @entity818 mutations predicting better prognosis. Although, further studies are needed, @entity8724 promoter methylation will undoubtedly be transferred soon to clinical practice. Molecular characteristics are beginning to be valuable and indispensable in neuro-oncology for better management of @entity1313 @entity1 . The near future will be marked by identification of novel molecular biomarkers and their validation for clinical practice.

title: Input of molecular analysis in medical management of primary XXXX @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['brain cancers', 'brain tumors']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['glial tumors', 'oligodendroglial tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive gliomas']

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['Sporadic gliomas', 'glioma', 'gliomas']

entities_list: @entity816 :: ('MESH:D001254', 'Disease') :: ['pilocytic astrocytomas']

answer: @entity1313 :: (MESH:D001932,Disease) :: ['brain tumor']


abstract: The bioavailability and action of the insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) are determined by specific IGF-binding proteins (IGFBP) to which they are complexed. Complementary DNA clones have been isolated that encode three related IGFBPs: @entity1 @entity10116 ( @entity10116 ), @entity1 @entity2301 ( @entity2301 ), and @entity35 @entity7815 ( @entity7815 ). @entity10116 and @entity2301 are regulated differently in @entity1 plasma, suggesting that they have different functions. In order to study the molecular basis of the regulation of the different IGFBPs, we have identified a panel of @entity35 cell lines that express a single predominant binding protein and developed an assay strategy to distinguish the different binding proteins. Proteins in conditioned medium were examined by ligand blotting, and by immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting using antibodies to @entity7815 and @entity10116 ; RNAs were hybridized to cDNA probes for @entity7815 and @entity10116 . 1) C6 glial cells and @entity35 @entity521 cells express an approximately 40 kilodalton (kDa) glycosylated binding protein that most likely represents @entity9929 , the binding subunit of the 150 kDa IGF: binding protein complex in adult rat serum. The C6 and B104 binding proteins do not react with antibodies to @entity7815 , and RNAs from C6 and @entity35 cells do not hybridize to cDNA probes for @entity7815 or @entity10116 . 2) BRL-3A, Clone 9, and TRL 12-15 cell lines derived from normal @entity35 liver express @entity7815 , a 30 kDa nonglycosylated IGF-binding protein that is recognized by antibodies to @entity7815 but not by antibodies to @entity10116 . RNAs from these cells hybridize to a @entity7815 cDNA probe, but not to a @entity10116 probe. 3) H35 @entity35 @entity157 cells express a 30 kDa nonglycosylated IGFBP that is presumptively identified as @entity10681 . It does not react with antibodies to @entity7815 , but is recognized by polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies to @entity10116 . RNA from H35 cells hybridizes to a @entity10116 cDNA probe, but not to a @entity7815 probe. Expression of @entity10681 by the H35 cell line has enabled us to establish and validate specific assays for this protein that allow us to study its regulation in intact @entity35 . Identification of a panel of @entity35 cell lines expressing specific IGFBPs should be useful in elucidating the molecular mechanisms of IGFBP regulation.

title: Identification of XXXX cell lines that preferentially express insulin-like growth factor binding proteins rlGFBP-1, 2, or 3.

entities_list: @entity521 :: ('MESH:D009447', 'Disease') :: ['neuroblastoma']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['hepatoma']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Previous studies evaluating correlates of stent @entity715 (ST) have included mostly @entity1 with bare metal stents and early-generation drug-eluting stents ( @entity2283 ) and have not systematically evaluated the role of intravascular ultrasound-guided stenting and high platelet reactivity on @entity1397 . The purpose of this study was to evaluate the frequency and correlates of ST in @entity1 receiving @entity2283 , specifically examining the impact of risk factors modifiable by physician and @entity1 behavior. METHODS AND RESULTS: Assessment of Dual Anti-platelet Therapy With Drug-Eluting Stents ( @entity2283 ) was a multicenter, prospective study in @entity1 undergoing successful coronary intervention with @entity2283 in whom routine platelet reactivity testing was performed. Definite or probable ST occurred in 92 (1.1%) of 8582 @entity1 within 2 years. Independent baseline correlates of ST included presentation with an @entity1187 (hazard ratio [HR]=1.81, P=0.01), insulin-treated @entity6 (HR=1.91, P=0.02), previous @entity583 (HR=1.75, P=0.02), and @entity3657 (HR=2.01, P=0.01). Independent treatment-related correlates included use of early generation @entity2283 (HR=1.75, P=0.02), no procedural intravascular ultrasound guidance (HR=1.75, P=0.04), and premature discontinuation of dual antiplatelet therapy (HR=2.67, P=0.003); high platelet reactivity on @entity1397 trended as a correlate of ST (HR=1.49, P=0.08). The 2-year risk of ST ranged from 0.3% to 10.0% when 0 to 3 modifiable risk factors were present. CONCLUSIONS: After successful @entity2283 implantation, ST occurred within 2 years in 1.1% of @entity1 and was strongly associated with fixed and modifiable risk factors. The frequency of ST may be reduced with intravascular ultrasound -guided stenting, assiduous adherence to dual antiplatelet therapy, and adequate P2Y12 platelet receptor inhibition. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00638794.

title: Fixed and Modifiable Correlates of Drug-Eluting Stent @entity715 From a Large All-Comers Registry: Insights From XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['acute coronary syndrome']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity3657 :: ('MESH:D058729', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral arterial disease']

entities_list: @entity1397 :: ('MESH:C055162', 'Chemical') :: ['clopidogrel']

answer: @entity2283 :: (1674,Gene) :: ['ADAPT-DES']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity65 ( @entity65 ) therapy can reduce morbidity and mortality, but this benefit can be diminished by @entity15243 . Currently, there are limited published data on the mortality and cost associated with @entity15243 . METHODS: We analyzed the risk-adjusted total and incremental admission mortality, long-term mortality, admission length of stay (LOS), and admission cost associated with @entity281 in a retrospective cohort of 200  219 Medicare fee-for-service @entity1 admitted for @entity65 generator implantation, replacement, or revision between January 1, 2007, and December 31, 2007. RESULTS: There were a total of 5817 admissions with @entity281 . Infection was associated with significant increases in adjusted admission mortality (rate ratios, 4.8-7.7; standardized rates, 4.6%-11.3%) and long-term mortality (rate ratios, 1.6-2.1; standardized rates, 26.5%-35.1%), depending on @entity65 type. Importantly, approximately half of the incremental long-term mortality occurred after discharge. The adjusted LOS was significantly longer with @entity281 (length of stay mean ratios, 2.5-4.0; standardized length of stay, 15.5-24.3 days), depending on @entity65 type. The standardized adjusted incremental and total admission costs with @entity281 were  14  360 to  16  498 and  28  676 to  53  349, respectively, depending on @entity65 type. The largest incremental cost with @entity281 was intensive care, which accounted for more than 40% of the difference. Adjusted long-term mortality rate and cost ratios with @entity281 were significantly greater for pacemakers than for implantable cardioverter/defibrillators or cardiac resynchronization therapy/defibrillator devices. CONCLUSIONS: Infection associated with @entity65 procedures resulted in substantial incremental admission mortality and long-term mortality that varied with the @entity65 type and occurred, in part, after discharge. Almost half of the incremental admission cost was for intensive care.

title: Mortality and cost associated with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity15243 :: ('MESH:D053821', 'Disease') :: ['CIED infection']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['Cardiovascular implantable electronic device', 'CIED']

answer: @entity15243 :: (MESH:D053821,Disease) :: ['cardiovascular implantable electronic device infections']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: @entity6371 ( @entity6371 ) poses problems in treatment, costs and treatment outcomes. It is not known if classically described risk factors for @entity6371 in other countries are the same in Mexico and the frequency of the association between @entity6 ( @entity6 ) and @entity6371 in our country is not clear. We undertook this study to analyze risk factors associated with the development of @entity6371 , with emphasis on @entity6 . METHODS: A case-control study in the state of @entity13563 ( @entity13563 ), Mexico Was carried out. All @entity1907 @entity1 diagnosed in the state of @entity13563 between 1998 and 2013 (36 cases) evaluated at a state pharmacoresistant @entity378 ( @entity378 ) clinic and committee; 139 controls were randomly selected from all pulmonary @entity6371 ( @entity6371 ) cases identified between 2003 and 2008. Cases and controls were diagnosed and treated under programmatic conditions. RESULTS: Age, gender, @entity3147 , being a health-care worker, @entity645 / @entity791 status, and @entity734 were not significantly different between @entity6371 and @entity6371 @entity1 . Significant differences between @entity6371 and @entity6371 @entity1 were @entity6 (47.2 vs. 28.1%; p  =  0.028); previous anti- @entity378 treatments (3 vs. 0, respectively; p  <  0.001), and duration of first anti- @entity378 treatment (8 vs. 6  months, respectively; p  <  0.001). CONCLUSIONS: @entity6371 and @entity6 are associated in 47.2% of MDR @entity378 cases (17/36) in this study. Other recognized factors were not found to be significantly different in @entity6371 compared to @entity6371 in this study. Cost-feasible strategies must be implemented in the treatment of @entity6 in order to prevent the selection of @entity6371 .

title: @entity6 and Other Risk Factors for Multi-drug Resistant XXXX in a Mexican Population with @entity1907 : Case Control Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity13563 :: ('MESH:C535296', 'Disease') :: ['SLP', 'San Luis Potosi']

entities_list: @entity6371 :: ('MESH:D018088', 'Disease') :: ['MDR-TB', 'Multidrug resistant tuberculosis', 'non-multidrug-resistant tuberculosis', 'non-MDR-TB']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['DM-TB', 'diabetes mellitus', 'DM']

entities_list: @entity3147 :: ('MESH:D044342', 'Disease') :: ['malnutrition']

entities_list: @entity378 :: ('MESH:D014376', 'Disease') :: ['TB', 'tuberculosis']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['drug abuse']

entities_list: @entity1907 :: ('MESH:D014397', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary MDR-TB']

answer: @entity378 :: (MESH:D014376,Disease) :: ['Tuberculosis']


abstract: Vascular prosthetic graft @entity281 remains a major surgical challenge. Prevention of risk factors and antibiotic therapy can reduced but not eradicate it. Management of infected vascular grafts depends on several factors, including the location of the infected prosthesis, the extent of @entity281 , and the underlying micro-organism. Classic treatment consists of extra-anatomic bypass grafting. The disappointing results due to the high mortality and amputation rate have kindled interest in alternative approaches, such as in situ reconstruction with antibiotic-bonded prostheses, autogenous veins or arterial allografts. PURPOSE: We focused on the treatment of aortic graft @entity281 by means of both fresh and cryopreserved arterial allograft. Here, the experience of the Italian Collaborative Vascular Homograft Group is reported. METHODS: Between March 1994 and December 2000 seventy-nine @entity1 with aortic graft @entity281 were treated. The results of 68 @entity1 are analysed. Eleven @entity1 were treated with fresh, and 57 with cryopreserved homograft. Emergency surgical procedures were performed in 12 @entity1 (17%). Aortoenteric @entity292 was diagnosed in 22 @entity1 . The mean interval between the first procedure and the insertion of a homograft for @entity1 with infected aortic graft was 3 years (range 1-15). The mean duration of follow-up was 30 months (range 1-68). Clinical and duplex scanning evaluation were routinely performed. Computer tomography (CT), magnetic resonance (MR), or arteriography were performed on the basis of duplex scanning results. RESULTS: The analysis was performed on 68 cases for which there were sufficient reliable data. Eleven @entity204 occurred during the early postoperative period (30 days), a mortality rate of 16%. There were also seventeen late @entity204 , a mortality rate of 25%. Eleven @entity1 had graft occlusion; six cases were successfully treated with thrombectomy. In three cases leg amputation was necessary. The results of fresh and cryopreserved homografts were compared. No significant differences of early postoperative mortality, late mortality, homograft-related mortality, graft failure were observed. The presence of aortoenteric @entity292 is a negative predicting factor of perioperative early mortality, which causes a rapid decline in the survival curve. Thirty-six months after the surgery the actuarial survival of the @entity1 was 57% and the actuarial patency of the allograft was 41%. CONCLUSION: No significant difference in terms of clinical outcome was observed when using fresh, rather than cryopreserved homografts. The only factor that significantly influenced the survival rate appeared to be the aorto-enteric @entity292 .

title: Vascular prosthetic graft XXXX : epidemiology, bacteriology, pathogenesis and treatment.

answer: @entity281 :: (MESH:D007239,Disease) :: ['infection']


abstract: The purpose of the prospective study described in this article was to explore nutrition, tissue oxygenation, and healing in @entity3179 @entity1 . Nutritional risk, anthropometric measures, biochemical indices, two 3-day dietary records, and transcutaneous tissue @entity26 levels were obtained. Wound surface area was evaluated 2 times, 4 weeks apart. A convenience sample of 25 English-speaking @entity1 with 1 or more @entity3179 participated (mean age 59.8 years, 60% @entity1 , 48% white). Moderate or high nutritional risk existed in 84% of the @entity1 in the sample. Based on body mass index, more than 50% of the @entity1 in the sample were @entity28 . Nonetheless, 17 of 25 @entity1 in the sample had 1 or more abnormal biochemical nutritional indices. In addition, caloric intake (17 of 20), protein intake (15 of 20), and @entity219 intake (17 of 20) were inadequate to meet the needs for healing. No statistically significant relationships were found between biochemical nutritional indices, tissue oxygenation, and healing. The @entity1 in the sample were more likely to heal than were the @entity1 (P < 0.05). This study begins to document the problems of @entity4084 and undernutrition in the @entity3179 population. Future studies need to explore the effects of @entity28 and inadequate intake on the healing of @entity3179 . Additional examination of the differences between @entity1 and @entity1 also is warranted to identify predictors of @entity3179 .

title: Nutrition, tissue oxygenation, and healing of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'persons', 'men']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obese', 'obesity']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity3179 :: ('MESH:D014647', 'Disease') :: ['venous ulcers', 'venous ulcer healing', 'venous ulcer']

entities_list: @entity4084 :: ('MESH:D044343', 'Disease') :: ['overnutrition']

answer: @entity3179 :: (MESH:D014647,Disease) :: ['venous leg ulcers']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of blood transfusion on the vital signs and heart function in preterm @entity1 with @entity417 . METHODS: A total of 40 anemic preterm @entity1 with gestational age less than 34 weeks who accepted blood transfusion one week after birth were enrolled for a prospective cohort study. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), fractional shortening (FS), @entity64 volume (SV), and cardiac output (CO) were determined with portable ultrasonic equipment before blood transfusion and within 24 hours after blood transfusion. @entity386 was detected and the times of @entity386 were recorded within 24   hours before and after blood transfusion. The resting body temperature and blood pressure were also determined before and after blood transfusion. Additionally the resting heart rate, respiratory rate, and transcutaneous @entity26 saturation were recorded within 4 hours before and after blood transfusion. RESULTS: The heart rate and respiratory rate decreased significantly within 4 hours after blood transfusion (P<0.05). Four @entity1 had @entity386 within 24 hours before blood transfusion, and nobody had @entity386 within 24   hours after blood transfusion. The systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, mean arterial pressure, and body temperature showed no significant changes after blood transfusion (P>0.05), and the LVEF, SV, CO, and FS showed no significant changes after blood transfusion as well (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Blood transfusion can improve the clinical symptoms and shows no significant effect on the heart function in preterm @entity1 with @entity417 .

title: [Effects of blood transfusion on vital signs and heart function in preterm XXXX with @entity417 ].

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['infants']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: To determine whether administration of pre-warmed colloid followed by pre-warmed crystalloid solution prevents the development of @entity2332 in @entity1 undergoing Cesarean delivery. DESIGN: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. @entity1 : 30 parturients scheduled to undergo elective Cesarean delivery during spinal anesthesia. INTERVENTIONS: @entity1 assigned to the warmed fluid group (n=15) received pre-warmed colloid with average molecular weight of 70,000 daltons and substitution ratio of 0.55, followed by pre-warmed crystalloid (kept in warmed storage maintained at 41 degrees C) during surgery. @entity1 assigned to the unwarmed fluid group (n=15) received non-warmed infusion. All @entity1 received 400 mL before spinal anesthesia followed by another 300 mL before delivery of the newborn. After completion of a 1,000 mL infusion of colloid fluid, @entity598 Ringer's solution was infused. MEASUREMENTS: Core temperature measured at the tympanic membrane, and forearm and fingertip skin temperatures were recorded just after arrival at the operating room (baseline), after administration of spinal anesthesia (spinal ), at incision (incision), at delivery of the newborn (delivery), and at 15, 30, and 45 minutes after delivery. Rectal temperature of the baby, Apgar scores at one and 5 minutes after delivery, and umbilical artery pH were evaluated. MAIN RESULTS: Core temperature was significantly higher in the warmed fluid group from the time of delivery to 45 minutes after delivery. Apgar scores at one minute after delivery and umbilical arterial pH were significantly higher in the warmed fluid group. CONCLUSION: Administration of pre-warmed intravenous colloid followed by crystalloids maintained core temperature during Cesarean delivery and induced higher Apgar scores and umbilical arterial pH.

title: Effect of administration of pre-warmed intravenous fluids on the frequency of XXXX following spinal anesthesia for Cesarean delivery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity598 :: ('CHEBI:47622', 'Chemical') :: ['acetate']

entities_list: @entity2332 :: ('MESH:D007035', 'Disease') :: ['hypothermia']

answer: @entity2332 :: (MESH:D007035,Disease) :: ['hypothermia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To establish the concentration response of @entity1771 in @entity1 with refractory focal @entity302 . METHODS: Sixty-five @entity1 with more than eight @entity410 during an 8-week baseline were randomized to three prespecified plasma levels (low, 6 micromol/L [2 mg/L]; medium, 31 micromol/L [10.5 mg/L]; and high, 56 micromol/L [19 mg/L]). @entity1771 treatment was titrated to one of the prespecified plasma levels during an 8-week titration period, followed by a 12-week observation period. RESULTS: The overall median (25th to 75th percentile) reduction in @entity410 during the observation compared with baseline was 50% (9.5 to 90%). In the individual groups, the median reduction was as follows: low, 39% (13 to 70%); medium, 85% (41 to 96%); and high, 39% (2.0 to 81%). The primary outcome of the trial was the comparison of @entity410 reduction (Mann-Whitney U test) between the low and the medium group (p = 0.03). Comparisons between the other groups were as follows: medium vs high (p = 0.05) and low vs high (p = 0.81). Psychiatric adverse events and adverse events related to the CNS were the most frequently encountered. Most adverse events showed concentration response, particularly between low and medium levels. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 assigned to the medium plasma level (31 micromol/L [10.5 mg/L]) had the best @entity410 outcome. @entity1 in the medium and high groups experienced more adverse events than @entity1 in the low group. Optimal treatment response is thus most likely found at plasma concentrations higher than 6 micromol/L (2 mg/L), but no further increase in efficacy seems to occur at concentrations above 31 micromol/L (10.5 mg/L).

title: Randomized, concentration-controlled trial of XXXX in refractory focal @entity302 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'seizures']

entities_list: @entity1771 :: ('MESH:C052342', 'Chemical') :: ['topiramate', 'Topiramate']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy']

answer: @entity1771 :: (MESH:C052342,Chemical) :: ['topiramate']


abstract: Background   Intra-articular distal radius fractures can have many complications, including radiocarpal @entity571 and @entity2720 leading to @entity158 and restricted wrist function. Case Description   We describe the case of a 38-year-old @entity1 who sustained a left distal radius intra-articular @entity174 , which was treated with volar plating. She developed @entity158 from the radiocarpal joint as a result of intra-articular malunion and was listed for total wrist fusion. On the day of surgery this was converted to a Darrach procedure for minor DRUJ symptoms. This resulted in @entity158 from the DRUJ as a result of instability, in addition to persisting radiocarpal @entity158 . Due to her subsequent poor wrist function, she presented to the authors and underwent DRUJ arthroplasty with a proximally placed Scheker prosthesis to deal with her DRUJ symptoms and, later, a KinematX radiocarpal hemiarthroplasty for her radiocarpal symptoms. She remains happy with her outcome at 36-month follow-up. Literature Review   The complications of the Darrach procedure include @entity158 radioulnar convergence and wrist instability. The Scheker prosthesis allows restoration of stability of the DRUJ with good outcomes and 100% 5-year survival in one series. Sparing the midcarpal joint, the KinematX hemiarthroplasty allows preservation of the dart thrower's motion arc, which is key in many complex wrist movements and functions. Clinical Relevance   This case highlights the negative consequences of distal ulna resection and shows both the Scheker and KinematX prostheses as viable, effective means to restore function to young, active @entity1 with posttraumatic radiocarpal @entity625 and/or instability.

title: Management of a Complex, Multioperated Intra-Articular XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['arthritis']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'arthritis pain', 'painful']

entities_list: @entity2720 :: ('MESH:D007592', 'Disease') :: ['distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) dysfunction']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['Distal Radius Fracture']


abstract: PURPOSE: To analyze the long-term effect of epikeratophakia (EKP) on @entity227 with @entity9042 . METHODS: Retrospective study of 36 eyes 7.2 years after EKP. Four eyes underwent penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) and were excluded from further evaluation. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) values were obtained from 32 eyes, corneal refraction and @entity940 from 23 eyes, surface asymmetry index (SAI) and surface regularity index (SRI) from 17 consecutive eyes that were operated upon after 1991, when the Tomey Topographic Modeling System became available. RESULTS: Only four eyes needed PKP. In addition to EKP six eyes had compression sutures and/or relaxing incisions, and one eye underwent photorefractive keratectomy. Mean refractive power of the @entity267 decreased from 51.8 to 45.8 and @entity940 from 7.2 to 3.8. SAI improved from 3.2 to 0.9 and SRI from 3.7 to 0.9. Mean BCVA was 0.3 preoperatively and 0.6 upon last follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: EKP was able to render PKP unnecessary in 32 of 36 eyes during the entire observation period. It was successful in permanently flattening the ectatic @entity267 and reducing @entity940 while restoring a symmetrical and smooth corneal surface. As a result, visual acuity improved considerably. In view of the young age of @entity9042 @entity1 needing surgery, and the fact that the lifetime of full-thickness corneal grafts is limited, EKP should be considered a valuable alternative to PKP in contact-lens-intolerant cases of @entity9042 without central scarring.

title: Long-term functional and topographic results seven years after epikeratophakia for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity940 :: ('MESH:D001251', 'Disease') :: ['astigmatism']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['corneal topography and visual acuity of eyes']

entities_list: @entity9042 :: ('MESH:D007640', 'Disease') :: ['keratoconus']

answer: @entity9042 :: (MESH:D007640,Disease) :: ['keratoconus']


abstract: PURPOSE: We describe the surgical technique of and report the results in the first 20 @entity1 who underwent combined onlay-tube construction of a tunica vaginalis flap. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We repaired 20 cases of proximal primary (8) and repeat (12), @entity2650 using a tube-onlay in 4, an onlay-tube in 3, a tube-onlay-tube in 9 and an onlay-tube-onlay in 4. In 15 @entity1 contralateral tunica vaginalis was used as a blanket wrap. Three to 6 months postoperatively after obtaining informed consent retrograde urethrography, cystourethroscopy, uroflowmetry and urethral biopsy were done in 20, 17, 10 and 13 @entity1 , respectively. RESULTS: No fistula or diverticulum developed. Complications occurred in 3 @entity1 (15%), including @entity3832 , meatal stenosis and @entity3832 , and meatal regression and @entity3832 in 1 each. All strictures occurred in the distal urethra in reoperative cases. At long-term followup there was no recurrent @entity850 after internal urethrotomy and dilation. Urethral biopsy in all 13 @entity1 showed a stratified epithelium indistinguishable from native urethra. The reasons for delayed presentation include perceiving @entity2650 as a normal variation (paribor or cut by angels), losing hope for a cure after multiple failed repairs, being told by urologists that repair is futile and pressure by wives for cosmetic or fertility reasons. CONCLUSIONS: The place of tunica vaginalis in @entity2650 surgery is more than coverage for urethroplasty. It can be successfully used for substitution urethroplasty. As an extension to the principles of the onlay flap and the concept of urethral plate preservation, combined onlay-tube constructions of tunica vaginalis, including a tube-onlay-tube flap, are successfully applicable to proximal @entity2650 , especially in reoperative cases. Urothelialization of the tunica vaginalis occurs within months of surgery.

title: Tube-onlay-tube tunica vaginalis flap for proximal primary and reoperative XXXX .

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stricture or meatal stenosis']

entities_list: @entity3832 :: ('MESH:D014525', 'Disease') :: ['urethral stricture']

entities_list: @entity2650 :: ('MESH:D007021', 'Disease') :: ['adult hypospadias', 'hypospadias']

answer: @entity2650 :: (MESH:D007021,Disease) :: ['adult hypospadias']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Determine treatment outcomes of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for @entity1823 ( @entity1823 ), focusing on three-dimensional volume change and symptoms before and after SRS, as well as complications related to SRS. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective case review. SETTING: Tertiary referral center. @entity1 : Thirty-eight @entity1 treated with SRS between 2000 and 2015. INTERVENTION: SRS treatment of @entity1823 . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The @entity5 volumes on pre- and posttreatment imaging were compared utilizing the Leskell GammaPlan treatment plan software to assess @entity5 progression. Pre- and posttreatment symptoms, Fisch classification, and complications were recorded. RESULTS: The mean radiographic follow-up was 39.1 months. The mean dose-to- @entity5 margin was 13.2Gy. The mean @entity5 size at treatment was 5.8 and 5.2cm at last follow-up. Thirty-three @entity1 had follow-up imaging suitable for analysis. When defining both 10 and 15% @entity5 size increases as significant, 27 (82%) and 29 (88%) @entity5 decreased in size or remained stable, respectively. For the seven @entity5 with documented pre-SRS growth, treatment success was 86%. The mean marginal dose for treatment success and failure were 13.2 and 13.7Gy, respectively. @entity1 receiving a higher margin dose had a greater risk of @entity5 progression (p=0.0277). Fisch classification did not impact @entity5 progression rate. Initial @entity5 volume had no significance on @entity5 response to SRS. CONCLUSIONS: SRS is an effective treatment option for @entity1823 . Both initial @entity5 volume and Fisch classification did not impact @entity5 progression. There were no significant @entity1 or lesion characteristics that distinguished treatment success and/or failure.

title: Stereotactic Radiosurgical Treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1823 :: ('MESH:D010235', 'Disease') :: ['GJT', 'glomus jugulare tumors']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

answer: @entity1823 :: (MESH:D010235,Disease) :: ['Glomus Jugulare Tumors']


abstract: We studied the effect of positive end-expiratory pressure ( @entity9239 ) on the compliance of the respiratory system (Crs) in 25 @entity1 (age, 3 weeks to 10 years) requiring mechanical ventilation. Functional residual capacity (FRC) measurements were performed at 2 cm @entity2507 increments, from 0 to 18 cm @entity2507 of @entity9239 , and the FRC values were regressed versus @entity9239 . Static Crs, Crs/kg, and specific compliance (Crs/FRC) were calculated for each @entity9239 level. When FRC normality was reached Crs/kg improved in 15/25 (60%) @entity1 but decreased in 2/25 (8%). Overall, Crs/kg increased from a mean +/- SE of 0.94 +/- 0.09 to 1.35 +/- 0.13 mL/cm @entity2507 /kg (P = 0.003) and Crs/FRC from a mean +/- SE of 0.067 +/- 0.006 to 0.077 +/- 0.007 mL/cm @entity2507 /mL (P = 0.057). The maximum compliance (mean Max Crs/kg, 1.56 +/- 0.12 mL/cm @entity2507 /kg, and mean Max Crs/FRC, 0.089 +/- 0.005 mL/cm @entity2507 /mL) was significantly higher than the compliance at the clinically chosen @entity9239 level and the compliance at the @entity9239 that normalized FRC. Maximum compliance was achieved within 4 cm @entity2507 of the @entity9239 that normalized FRC. In 14/25 (60%) of cases the @entity9239 at maximum compliance coincided with the @entity9239 that resulted in FRC normalization. We concluded that static respiratory compliance improves in most (but not all) @entity1 with @entity1576 when FRC is normalized. Static respiratory compliance reaches maximum levels at @entity9239 values that are close (but not equal) to those that result in FRC normalization. Thus, assessment of the effect of @entity9239 on compliance is required in individual @entity1 .

title: Effect of positive end-expiratory pressure on respiratory compliance in XXXX with @entity1576 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['acute respiratory failure']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Past research has suggested significant relationships between symptoms and health outcomes among @entity1 with @entity1030 . However, these studies have generally focused on a broad @entity1030 sample and may have included those not receiving proper treatment. As a result, the aim of this study was to document the burden of @entity1030 symptoms among those who are currently treated with the standard-of-care (SOC) medications in both the US and Western Europe. METHODS: Data from the 2013 US (N=75,000) and 2011 (N=57,512)/2013 (N=62,000) European (France, Germany, Italy, Spain, and UK; 5EU) @entity283 ( @entity283 ) were used. The @entity283 is a health survey administered to a demographically representative sample of the adult population in each country. A total of 1,666 and 2,006 @entity1 with self-reported physician diagnosis of @entity1030 in the 5EU and US, respectively, were being treated with the appropriate SOC (based on self-reported medication use) and were included in the analyses. Symptoms (eg, @entity1353 , coughing, wheezing) were reported descriptively and summed to create a symptom score (with higher score indicating more frequent symptoms). The relationships between the symptom score and @entity1 outcomes (eg, health status using the Short Form-36 version 2 [SF-36v2], work productivity and activity impairment [WPAI], and self-reported health care resource use) were explored using regression modeling. RESULTS: Nearly all @entity1 (99.7% and 99.8% in the 5EU and US, respectively) reported experiencing symptoms and >80% reported experiencing at least one symptom "often". Increasing symptom scores were associated with poorer health status (unstandardized beta [b] =-0.87 and -0.78 for mental component summary and physical component summary, respectively, in the US and b =-0.67 and -0.79 in the 5EU, respectively; all P<0.05). Increasing symptom scores were also associated with greater work impairment (b =0.09 and 0.06 for the US and 5EU, respectively), activity impairment (b =0.05 and 0.06, respectively), and health care resource utilization (eg, hospitalizations: b =0.05 and 0.06, respectively) (all P<0.05). Approximately 70% of @entity1 reported some level of non-adherence. Greater non-adherence was significantly associated with more frequent symptoms, poorer health status, and greater work impairment and health care resource use (all P<0.05). CONCLUSION: @entity1 with @entity1030 who are using the appropriate SOC still experience symptoms, which have a significant effect on both humanistic and economic outcomes.

title: A cross-sectional assessment of the burden of @entity1030 symptoms in the US and Europe using the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity283 :: ('OMIM:603663', 'Disease') :: ['NHWS', 'National Health and Wellness Survey']

answer: @entity283 :: (OMIM:603663,Disease) :: ['National Health and Wellness Survey']


abstract: @entity5345 (Vv) and @entity8966 (Vp) are opportunistic @entity1 pathogens naturally associated with the @entity23682 @entity23682 . The abundances of both pathogens in oysters are positively correlated with temperature, thus ingestion of raw oysters during the warm summer months is a risk factor for contracting illness from these bacteria. Current post-harvest processing (PHP) methods for elimination of these pathogens are expensive and kill the oyster, changing their organoleptic properties and making them less appealing to some consumers. High salinity has proven effective in reducing Vv numbers in the wild and our research aims at developing an indoor recirculating system to reduce pathogenic Vibrios while maintaining the taste and texture of live oysters. The goal of this study was to determine the influence of temperature on the efficacy of high salinity depuration. Vv was enumerated as @entity25736 ( @entity25736 ) per gram of oyster tissue using the FDA-approved modified cellobiose polymyxin colistin (mCPC) protocol and with an alternative Vibrio specific media CHROMagar    Vibrio ( @entity3895 ). @entity3895 was also used to quantify Vp. Oysters were held at 35psu for 10days at three temperatures: low (20  C), mid (22.5  C) and high (25  C). There was no difference in @entity25736 /g of Vv between media; however more Vv isolates were obtained from mCPC than @entity3895 . There was no significant effect of temperature on reduction of Vv or Vp throughout depuration but there was a tendency for low temperatures to be less effective than the higher ones. High salinity resulted in a significant decrease in Vv by day 3 and again by day 10, and a decrease in Vp by day 3. Oyster condition indices were maintained throughout depuration and mortality was low (4% across three trials). Overall these results support the use of mCPC for Vv enumeration and demonstrate the promise of high salinity depuration for PHP of the @entity23682 . The trend for lower temperatures to be less effective is surprising and indicates a potential interaction between salinity and temperature that should be further investigated.

title: Temperature effect on high salinity depuration of @entity5345 and @entity8966 from the @entity23682 ( XXXX ).

entities_list: @entity8966 :: ('670', 'Species') :: ['Vibrio parahaemolyticus']

entities_list: @entity23682 :: ('6565', 'Species') :: ['Eastern oyster', 'Crassostrea virginica']

entities_list: @entity25736 :: ('MESH:C536741', 'Disease') :: ['most probable number', 'MPN']

entities_list: @entity5345 :: ('672', 'Species') :: ['Vibrio vulnificus']

answer: @entity23682 :: (6565,Species) :: ['Crassostrea virginica']


abstract: AIMS: The aims of this study were to determine if @entity1 with SSRI-related hyponatraemia were (1) genetically poor metabolizers of @entity5320 , and/or (2) had excessive plasma concentrations of the SSRI antidepressant. METHODS: Plasma DNA from 20 @entity1 with hyponatraemia attributable to @entity905 or @entity903 was analysed for the @entity5320 alleles *1-*16. Trough plasma concentrations of @entity905 and @entity31660 , or @entity903 were assayed in nine @entity1 who remained on the antidepressant. RESULTS: Genotype results were compared with those published in a large population study. The poor metabolizer PM/PM genotype was present in one subject only, or 5% of the study population, compared with 7.2% of a general population. The 95% Cl of this result was 0-21%, suggesting that it is most unlikely that @entity2753 is related to the PM/PM genotype. The intermediate IM/PM genotype was present in 5% compared with 19.7% of a general population. All differences were not statistically significant. Antidepressant concentrations of @entity905 (n = 5, all EM) and @entity903 (n = 1 IM/PM and n = 3 EM) were all within the lower half of the reference range. CONCLUSIONS: These results do not support the hypothesis that SSRI-related hyponatraemia is linked to genetically poor metabolizers, or excessive drug concentrations.

title: @entity5320 genotype does not predict SSRI ( XXXX or @entity903 ) induced hyponatraemia.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity905 :: ('MESH:D005473', 'Chemical') :: ['fluoxetine']

entities_list: @entity903 :: ('MESH:D017374', 'Chemical') :: ['paroxetine']

entities_list: @entity2753 :: ('MESH:D007010', 'Disease') :: ['hyponatremia']

entities_list: @entity31660 :: ('MESH:C036139', 'Chemical') :: ['norfluoxetine']

answer: @entity905 :: (MESH:D005473,Chemical) :: ['fluoxetine']


abstract: Post-viral cough is a type of cough originating from @entity1729 that persists after the infection is resolved. Although it was hypothesized that bronchodilators might have a role in the management of post-viral cough, a clear demonstration of their efficacy is missing. Therefore, we tested the efficacy of a combination of a b-agonist and an anticholinergic agent in reducing post-viral cough with a randomized, double blind, placebo controlled clinical trial. @entity1 were treated for 10 days with either a nebulized combination of @entity3045 1.875  mg/0.5  mL and @entity13265 0.375  mg/0.5  mL, or a placebo, and followed up for another 10 days. Daytime and nighttime cough severity and spirometry testing were assessed before starting treatment, after 10 and 20 days. Ninety-two @entity1 were randomized to receive placebo (n  =  46) or the active treatment (n  =  46); nine of them (4 in the placebo group, 5 in the active treatment group) dropped out from the study. Daytime and nighttime cough severity were significantly reduced in both groups during the study period, but the reduction was more prominent in the active treatment group vs. placebo after 10 days of treatment (P  =  0.003 for day cough; P  =  0.061 for night cough), whereas at the end of follow-up period cough severity was comparable between the two groups. Small but significant increases in spirometric parameters were observed in the active treatment vs. placebo group, although at the end of follow-up these values returned to be comparable to placebo. The frequency of adverse events was not significantly different between the two groups of @entity1 . We concluded that a combination of a b-agonist and an anticholinergic agent can effectively reduce post-viral cough, and can thus represent a valid option for this type of cough.

title: A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial on the management of post-infective cough by inhaled @entity13265 and XXXX administered in combination.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3045 :: ('MESH:D000420', 'Chemical') :: ['salbutamol']

entities_list: @entity1729 :: ('MESH:D012141', 'Disease') :: ['upper respiratory tract infections']

entities_list: @entity13265 :: ('MESH:D009241', 'Chemical') :: ['ipratropium bromide']

answer: @entity3045 :: (MESH:D000420,Chemical) :: ['salbutamol']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity101 ( @entity101 ) is a most prevalent risk factor associated with @entity6 , @entity28 , @entity209 and @entity65 , all of which have been recently associated with gut microbial @entity6636 . However, a relationship between gut microbiota and @entity101 has not been studied. Thus, the objective of our study was to investigate if gut @entity6636 is present in @entity101 @entity1 . DESIGN AND METHOD: We conducted a pilot study using fecal and blood samples obtained from @entity101 (n=7, systolic BP>125 mmHg) and normotensive (n=13, systolic BP<125 mmHg) @entity1 . Samples were analyzed for Chao richness, Shannon diversity and Pielou evenness using 16s rRNA sequencing to determine microbiome composition. FACS analysis was used to examine changes in the inflammatory cells levels in these @entity1 . RESULTS: We observed marked decreases in microbial richness and diversity in the @entity101 @entity1 (Figure 1). In addition, this group also showed a trend towards a decrease in evenness in species from certain genus such as bacteriodetes. Furthermore, increases in myeloid inflammatory cells (94% increase in @entity5750 + cells, 200% increase in @entity9536 + cells) and Th17 cells (700% increase in @entity404 + @entity4155 + cells) were observed in @entity101 @entity1 compared to normotensives (Figure 2). An increase in the Th17 cells is extremely relevant finding since levels of these cells are regulated by gut-intrinsic mechanisms that generate pro-inflammatory cytokines such as @entity2533 , @entity310 , @entity1356 and @entity650 . CONCLUSIONS: Taken together, these observations suggest that gut microbial @entity6636 plays a key role in @entity101 and the establishment of a systemic proinflammatory status through regulation of Th17 cell levels. Thus, restoring the gut microbial balance could be a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of @entity101 .(Figure is included in full-text article.).

title: 6B.07: HYPERTENSIVE XXXX EXHIBIT GUT MICROBIAL DYSBIOSIS AND AN INCREASE IN TH17 CELLS.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive', 'HTN', 'Hypertension']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity6636 :: ('MESH:D064806', 'Disease') :: ['dysbiosis']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['PATIENTS']


abstract: L35 and FAO cells were derived as single cell isolates from H35 cells. Whereas L35 cells do not express microsomal @entity412 transfer protein (MTP), which regulates lipoprotein secretion, they express CYP7A1, which regulates @entity6741 synthesis from @entity165 . FAO cells display the opposite phenotype (i.e. expression of MTP but not CYP7A1). We examined the molecular basis of the transcriptional inactivation of the MTP gene in L35 cells. Nested deletion and mutagenesis studies show that a conserved @entity67357 element within the 135-bp proximal MTP promoter is responsible for differential expression by L35 and FAO cells. @entity375 one-hybrid screening identified apolipoprotein A1 regulatory protein-1/ @entity1573 ovalbumin upstream promoter transcription factor II ( @entity67358 / @entity27746 ) and retinoid X receptor ( @entity67359 ) as the protein factors that can bind to the conserved @entity67357 element. Nuclear extracts from L35 cells contained 2-fold more @entity67358 / @entity27746 and 50% less @entity67359 than those from FAO cells. Immunologic studies show that in L35 cells, @entity67358 / @entity27746 is bound to the @entity67357 element, whereas in FAO cells, a complex containing @entity67359 is bound to the @entity67357 element. Co-transfection studies show that @entity67358 / @entity27746 repressed MTP promoter activity by approximately 70% in FAO @entity157 cells, whereas @entity67359 and its ligand @entity8620 increased MTP promoter activity by 6-fold in L35 cells. The combined data suggest that in the context of the MTP promoter, @entity67358 / @entity27746 (repressor) and a complex containing @entity67359 (inducer) compete for the @entity67357 element. Analysis of the CYP7A1 promoter revealed that it is approximately 5-fold more active in L35 cells than in FAO cells. Co-transfection of an @entity67358 / @entity27746 expression vector showed that it enhances CYP7A1 promoter activity by 6-fold in FAO cells. These combined findings indicate that @entity67358 / @entity27746 acts as both a transcriptional repressor (of MTP) and as a transcription activator (of CYP7A1). This dual function of @entity67358 / @entity27746 may play an important role in determining the metabolic phenotype of individual liver cells.

title: @entity67358 /COUP-TF II determines @entity157 phenotype by acting as both a transcriptional repressor of microsomal XXXX transfer protein and an inducer of CYP7A1.

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity6741 :: ('CHEBI:3098', 'Chemical') :: ['bile acid']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['hepatoma']

entities_list: @entity8620 :: ('MESH:C103303', 'Chemical') :: ['9-cis-retinoic acid']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity412 :: (CHEBI:17855,Chemical) :: ['triglyceride']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity1 veterans have a higher prevalence of @entity1118 relative to @entity1 . One hypothesis is that differential combat and traumatic sexual experiences and attenuated levels of social support between @entity1 and @entity1 may differentially contribute to the development and perpetuation of @entity158 . This investigation examined [1] gender differences in @entity130 , social support, and family conflict among veterans with @entity1118 , and [2] whether @entity130 , social support, and family conflict were differentially associated with @entity158 severity, @entity158 interference, and depressive symptom severity as a function of gender. METHODS: @entity1 included 460 veterans (56% female) who served in support of recent conflicts, and who endorsed @entity158 lasting 3 months or longer. @entity1 completed a baseline survey during participation in a longitudinal investigation. Self-report measures included @entity158 severity, @entity158 interference, depressive symptom severity, exposure to traumatic life events, emotional and tangible support, and family conflict. RESULTS: Relative to @entity1 , @entity1 veterans reporting @entity1118 evidenced higher rates of childhood interpersonal @entity130 (51% vs 34%; P   <   0.001) and military sexual @entity130 (54% vs 3%; P   <   0.001), along with lower levels of combat exposure (10.00 vs 16.85, P   <   0.001). Gender was found to be a moderator of the association of marital status, combat exposure, childhood interpersonal @entity130 , and family conflict with @entity158 interference. It also moderated family conflict in the prediction of @entity308 . CONCLUSIONS: Results underscore the potential importance of developing and testing gender specific models of @entity1118 that consider the relative roles of @entity130 , social support, and family conflict.

title: XXXX , social support, family conflict, and @entity1118 in recent service veterans: does gender matter?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Women', 'Participants', 'men']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive symptoms']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['Trauma']


abstract: The developmental gene @entity22284 is expressed in the early embryo in developing muscle and elements of the nervous system, including the brain. Since no one has investigated the expression of the isoforms of @entity22284 in the @entity4969 and @entity151 ( @entity151 ), we have carried out a comprehensive screening for the expression of the isoforms PAX 3a-e using RT-PCR in @entity1 @entity320 cell lines, primary @entity1 ocular and secondary cutaneous @entity320 . We have identified 2 new isoforms of @entity22284 , which we have isolated, cloned and sequenced. Sets of primers for each isoform were designed and their specificity was confirmed by sequence analysis of the products. The isoforms PAX 3a-e were detected in all @entity1 @entity320 cell lines (8/8), but only PAX 3c (1/2) and PAX 3d (2/2) in @entity320 cell lines. The same @entity22284 isoforms were detected in more than 80% of @entity1 cutaneous @entity320 : PAX 3a and b (15/17), PAX 3c (14/17), PAX 3d (16/17) and PAX 3e (15/17). In contrast the results for 7 @entity151 cell lines were PAX 3a (0/7), PAX 3b (1/7), PAX 3c (3/7), PAX 3d (6/7), PAX @entity19 /7); 8/8 @entity320 cell lines and 8/8 @entity320 tissues, together with 14/17 @entity320 tissues screened, expressed the new isoform PAX 3g. All 8 @entity320 cell lines expressed PAX 3h, but it was not detectable in any of the @entity5 tissues (0/20). Neither of the 2 @entity320 cell lines expressed the 2 new isoforms. Comparison of the different amplicon staining intensities on a gel suggests that PAX 3c and PAX 3d are the predominant transcripts expressed, with relatively low expression of PAX 3e and PAX 3h. We propose that these and the 2 new isoforms we have discovered may be important in oncogenesis and differential diagnosis of @entity320 or @entity151 .

title: Expression of XXXX alternatively spliced transcripts and identification of two new isoforms in @entity1 @entity5 of neural crest origin.

entities_list: @entity4969 :: ('MESH:D017599', 'Disease') :: ['neuroectodermal tumors melanoma']

entities_list: @entity151 :: ('MESH:D055752', 'Disease') :: ['SCLC', 'small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma', 'melanomas', 'cutaneous melanoma', 'ocular melanoma']

answer: @entity22284 :: (5077,Gene) :: ['PAX 3']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Combination chemotherapy with @entity1138 and @entity1499 (MM) was reported to be effective for 24% of @entity1 with @entity0 ( @entity0 ) who had been treated with @entity5948 and @entity3907 . Antimetabolites such as @entity416 and antitubulins such as @entity1206 have been generally used for @entity0 treatment after @entity5948 and @entity3907 . A subsequent choice of chemotherapy should be offered to @entity1 with @entity0 who have kept good performance status (PS) after being aggressively treated with @entity5948 , @entity3907 , @entity416 , and @entity1206 (ATCV), but is not well clear which treatment is superior to others after ATCV. In this study, we examined whether MM treatment is a good choice following ATCV. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 31 @entity1 with @entity1722 -negative @entity0 who were treated with MM following ATCV. One cycle of MM was defined as @entity1139 8  mg/m(2) on day 1 and @entity6822 60  mg/m(2) on day 1 and day  15, administered intravenously every 4  weeks. RESULTS: Response rate and clinical benefit rate were 9.7 and 19.4%, respectively. Median times to progression and times to failure were 3.9 and 3.7  months, respectively. Adverse events of grade 3 and/or 4 were observed in 36% @entity1 . @entity882 of grade 3 or 4 was 12.9 and 3.2%. Grades 3 and 4 of @entity1210 and @entity417 were 12.9 and 9.7%, respectively. CONCLUSION: MM is effective and tolerable for @entity0 @entity1 even after aggressive treatment with ATCV. MM is one treatment choice when @entity1 have kept good PS and bone marrow function even after multiple regimens of chemotherapy.

title: Combination chemotherapy with @entity1138 and @entity1499 is active against metastatic @entity1722 -negative @entity0 even after treatment with @entity5948 , @entity3907 , @entity416 , and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic breast cancer', 'MBC']

entities_list: @entity416 :: ('MESH:C110904', 'Chemical') :: ['capecitabine']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['Thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity5948 :: ('D018943', 'Chemical') :: ['anthracycline']

entities_list: @entity1138 :: ('MESH:D016685', 'Chemical') :: ['mitomycin C']

entities_list: @entity1206 :: ('MESH:C030852', 'Chemical') :: ['vinorelbine']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

entities_list: @entity1210 :: ('MESH:C536227', 'Disease') :: ['leucopenia']

answer: @entity1206 :: (MESH:C030852,Chemical) :: ['vinorelbine']


abstract: @entity4240 ( @entity4240 , @entity4240 ) is a rare @entity74 , characterized by blistering in response to the slightest mechanical @entity130 . Healing is associated with scarring and the formation of @entity1159 and @entity46117 . Following repetitive @entity130 (friction), this process leads to severe @entity1847 with digits contracted in flexion, the thumb contracted in adduction and @entity15723 . In advanced cases (as described here), the hands show a mitten-like @entity85 are encased in an epidermal "cocoon". This results in complete loss of function with major consequences for both the @entity1 's ( @entity1 's) daily life and their psychosocial development. We demonstrate the advantages of the (simplified) surgical procedure including "de-cocooning"/degloving, syndactyly-release, release of the thumb and the @entity1159 and Kirschner-wire stabilization. Spontaneous epithelialisation of @entity272 proved to be unproblematic and advantageous compared to skin transplantations, flaps, keratinocyte transplantations and other more ambitious procedures. Reviewing the published long-term results of other methods, we favour the procedure described because it simplifies and accelerates the overall treatment. From 1998 to 2001, we treated three @entity1 with @entity4240 and five hands were operated. A total number of 23 interventions was necessary (21 x using face masks, 2 x oral intubation). Pseudo-syndactyly (digits II - V, partially or totally) occurred in four hands after six to ten months. Flexion @entity1159 of the digits occurred in two hands after eight to ten months. Limitating adduction contracture of the thumb occurred in two hands after eight to twelve months. Digital function (pinch and grasp) was actually preserved in two hands for 15 to 30 months. An active surgical approach is justified by the gain in functional improvement of the hand - even if only temporary - and, consecutively, by the positive effect on the @entity1 's development.

title: [ XXXX : surgical treatment of advanced hand deformities].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patient', 'child']

entities_list: @entity4240 :: ('MESH:D016108', 'Disease') :: ['Hallopeau-Siemens', 'recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa', 'Dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa']

entities_list: @entity1847 :: ('MESH:D006226', 'Disease') :: ['hand deformities']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin defects']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['inherited disorder of the skin and mucosa']

entities_list: @entity1159 :: ('MESH:D003286', 'Disease') :: ['contractures', 'digital joint contractures']

entities_list: @entity15723 :: ('MESH:D013576', 'Disease') :: ['pseudo-syndactyly']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['deformity and digits']

answer: @entity4240 :: (MESH:D016108,Disease) :: ['Dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Health-related quality of life is an important, yet neglected aspect of @entity740 ( @entity740 ) care. We evaluated the quality of life and its determinants across @entity740 3 to 5D using a @entity8 specific tool ( @entity8 Quality of Life-SF   ) in an underprivileged, predominantly rural population with high rates of illiteracy and unemployment. The scores of individual domains were summarized to three composite scores - @entity13875 ( @entity13875 ), @entity1032 ( @entity1032 ), and @entity8 component summary score (KDCS)(.) A total number of 204 @entity1 were recruited from nephrology outpatient clinics. About 68.1% of @entity1 were males. The mean age of the study population was 49.14    13.63 years. There was a high proportion of illiteracy (36.3%) and unemployment (80.9%). KDCS showed a significant decline (P = 0.01) from @entity740 3 to @entity740 5D whereas @entity1032 and @entity13875 showed a nonsignificant decrease. There was no difference in KDCS, @entity13875 , or @entity1032 scores between @entity1 treated by hemodialysis and CAPD. Illiteracy and unemployment were associated with significantly lower KDCS, @entity13875 , and @entity1032 scores. Age >= 50 years was associated with poor @entity13875 (29.49    8.20 vs. 34.17    9.99; P < 0.001). Hemoglobin <10 g/dL was associated with poor KDCS (58.93    13.09 vs. 65.55    13.38; P < 0.001) and @entity13875 (29.56    8.13 vs. 33.37    9.82; P < 0.001). The presence of comorbidities such as @entity6 and @entity101 had no impact on the composite scores. KDCS, @entity1032 , or @entity13875 scores did not vary among @entity1 having high serum @entity3151 (>= 4.5 mg/dL), low albumin (<3.5 g/dL), and elevated parathyroid hormone (>= 150 pg/ml). On multiple linear regression analysis, the predictors of KDCS were unemployment (P < 0.001) and illiteracy (P = 0.03). Unemployment (P < 0.001) and age (P < 0.001) were predictors of @entity13875 whereas literacy level (P < 0.001) was predictive of @entity1032 .

title: Assessment of health-related quality of life and its determinants in XXXX with @entity740 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['Kidney Disease', 'kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['MCS', 'mental composite summary']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['CKD', 'chronic kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity3151 :: ('MESH:D010758', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphorus']

entities_list: @entity13875 :: ('MESH:D058617', 'Disease') :: ['PCS', 'physical composite summary']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Proteoglycans (PGs) are widely expressed in all areas of the brain. In this study, the keratan @entity597 -containing PGs (KS-PGs) from cerebrum (CB), cerebellum (CL) and brainstem (BS) of young @entity742 brain were isolated, purified and characterized. The amount of KS-PGs in CL was significantly lower than that in CB and BS. KS-PGs were characterized by increased extent of glycosylation and heterogeneity of KS chains in CL. Western blot analyses demonstrated the presence of the KS-PGs phosphacan, @entity67137 and @entity67138 isoforms of synaptic vesicle proteoglycan in all three areas of the young @entity742 brain. Phosphacan predominated in BS and CB, showing significant molecular heterogeneity. @entity67137 and @entity67138 were found in two forms of high and low molecular sizes according to their extent of glycosylation in @entity742 brain. @entity67137 predominated in CL, where forms with very high molecular sizes were detected. Immunohistochemical examination revealed that @entity67137 was localized in the extracellular matrix of both gray and white matter. In contrast, phosphacan and @entity67138 were mainly localized in the white matter in all brain regions. The results of the present study demonstrated that KS-PGs are present in the three areas of the @entity742 brain, showing significant variations in their content, structure and localization among the distinct areas. These differences may be important for the physiology of the brain.

title: Keratan XXXX -containing proteoglycans in @entity742 brain with particular reference to phosphacan and synaptic vesicle proteoglycan isoforms.

entities_list: @entity597 :: ('CHEBI:16189', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfate']

answer: @entity597 :: (CHEBI:16189,Chemical) :: ['sulfate']


abstract: AIM: Surgical treatment of radio--induced @entity543 (RICS) is challenging and burdened with high risk of complications. @entity3538 ( @entity3538 ) may be a valid alternative, but better approach is still not defined. Two approaches have been assessed in this an observational monocentric study, focusing on perioperative and follow--up complications. METHODS: From 2005 to 2013, data on @entity1 treated for extracranial @entity543 with previous radiotherapy( @entity138 ) for @entity135 were prospectively collected according to the procedure performed (open repair [OR],endovascular stenting [ @entity3538 ]). @entity1 demographics, clinical risk factors, organ of cancer origin, elapsed time from @entity138 , duplex ultrasound( @entity2341 ) and clinical presentation of @entity543 were preoperatively gathered. Primary outcomes were technical success, 30--day mortality, transient @entity63 attack( @entity4905 )/ @entity64 and @entity583 (MI). In OR group, laterocervical @entity1410 and @entity128 were evaluated and, in @entity3538 group, arterial access site complications were considered as well. Secondary outcomes were the mortality, @entity4905 / @entity64 , restenosis and reintervention during follow--up. RESULTS: Fifteen RICS were treated in 12 @entity1 (M/F=9/3;;median age:71years,range:51--80). OR was performed to treat 8 RICS in 5 @entity1 (M/F=3/2;;median age:65,range:50--76) and @entity3538 to treat 7 RICS in 7 @entity1 (M/F=6/1;;median age:75,range 59--80).In OR group, all @entity1 were asymptomatic and all plaques were hypoechogenic at @entity2341 with histological features of vulnerable plaque. Technical success was 100%. Thirty day mortality was 12.5% (1death for upper airways complication in @entity1 with previous neck surgery). @entity4905 / @entity64 and MI rate were 0% and @entity128 12.5%. In @entity3538 group, @entity543 was symptomatic in 2(28.6%) cases, all plaques resulted hypoechogenic at @entity2341 . Technical success was100%. Thirty--day mortality was0%. TIAoccurred in 4(57.1%) @entity1 . No @entity64 , MI or access site @entity1410 occurred in this group. Mean follow--up was35.5 months  18.2.At12 and 36 month, freedom from any neurological event, from restenosis and from reintervention were all 100%. @entity12804 years, survival was 91.7% and 81.5%, respectively. No @entity1 died for carotid--related or cardiovascular causes. CONCLUSIONS: According with the plaque morphology and the high rate of cerebrovascular complications of @entity3538 , OR should be suggested as the first choice for treatment of RICS in the majority of cases. In @entity1 with previous neck surgery, assessment of airways is necessary before OR to avoid @entity1576 .

title: The radiation-induced XXXX : preoperative and late complications of surgical and endovascular treatment.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head or neck tumor']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity3538 :: ('MESH:D002341', 'Disease') :: ['Carotid stenting', 'CAS']

entities_list: @entity128 :: ('MESH:D020209', 'Disease') :: ['cranial nerve injury']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory complications']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity543 :: ('MESH:D016893', 'Disease') :: ['carotid stenosis']

answer: @entity543 :: (MESH:D016893,Disease) :: ['carotid stenosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Female @entity1 with @entity29 commonly report worsening symptoms in relation to the menstrual cycle. Our aim was to determine the nature of @entity344 correlating with the menstrual cycle in @entity1 with @entity1744 . METHODS: This was a retrospective study involving 49 @entity1 with @entity31 ( @entity31 ), 49 @entity1 with @entity30 ( @entity30 ), 46 @entity1 with @entity1744 ( @entity1744 ), and 90 healthy community controls. @entity1 were interviewed using a questionnaire including information regarding general health, medication history, pregnancy, as well as @entity1866 . Chi2 testing and logistic regression modeling were used to test for differences in frequencies between groups and for risk analysis. RESULTS: @entity1109 were reported by 93% of all @entity1 but statistically more often by @entity1 with @entity30 (p < 0.01). @entity30 @entity1 were also more likely to report increased @entity344 during menstruation ( < 0.01), @entity294 being the symptom reported most often. All disease groups had a cyclical pattern to their bowel habits significantly more than controls (p=0.01). Cyclical symptoms included @entity294 , @entity490 , and @entity1142 . Logistic regression revealed an odds ratio (OR) of 1.1 (95% CI 0.9-1.2) for experiencing bowel symptoms during the premenstrual and menstrual phases and an OR of 2.0 (95% CI 1.2-3.2) for experiencing a cyclical pattern in bowel habit changes in @entity1 with @entity29 . CONCLUSION: The prevalence of menstrually related symptoms is high, and appears to affect bowel patterns. The physiological and clinical effects of the menstrual cycle should be taken into consideration when assessing for disease activity.

title: The menstrual cycle and its effect on XXXX and @entity1744 : a prevalence study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative colitis', 'UC']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['Premenstrual symptoms']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal symptoms']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['bowel disease']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ['CD', "Crohn's disease"]

entities_list: @entity1866 :: ('MESH:D008599', 'Disease') :: ['premenstrual and menstrual symptoms']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity1142 :: ('MESH:D003248', 'Disease') :: ['constipation']

entities_list: @entity1744 :: ('MESH:D043183', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory and irritable bowel disease', 'irritable bowel syndrome', 'IBS']

answer: @entity29 :: (MESH:D015212,Disease) :: ['inflammatory bowel disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy (iCBT) is an effective and acceptable treatment for @entity308 , especially when it includes guidance, but its treatment adherence has not yet been systematically studied. We conducted a meta-analysis, comparing the adherence to guided iCBT with the adherence to individual face-to-face CBT. METHODS: Studies were selected from a database of trials that investigate treatment for adult @entity308 (see www.evidencebasedpsychotherapies.org), updated to January 2013. We identified 24 studies describing 26 treatment conditions (14 face-to-face CBT, 12 guided iCBT), by means of these inclusion criteria: targeting depressed adults, no comorbid somatic @entity734 , community recruitment, published in the year 2000 or later. The main outcome measure was the percentage of completed sessions. We also coded the percentage of treatment completers (separately coding for 100% or at least 80% of treatment completed). RESULTS: We did not find studies that compared guided iCBT and face-to-face CBT in a single trial that met our inclusion criteria. Face-to-face CBT treatments ranged from 12 to 28 sessions, guided iCBT interventions consisted of 5 to 9 sessions. @entity1 in face-to-face CBT completed on average 83.9% of their treatment, which did not differ significantly from @entity1 in guided iCBT (80.8%, P = .59). The percentage of completers (total intervention) was significantly higher in face-to-face CBT (84.7%) than in guided iCBT (65.1%, P < .001), as was the percentage of completers of 80% or more of the intervention (face-to-face CBT: 85.2%, guided iCBT: 67.5%, P = .003). Non-completers of face-to-face CBT completed on average 24.5% of their treatment, while non-completers of guided iCBT completed on average 42.1% of their treatment. CONCLUSION: We did not find studies that compared guided iCBT and face-to-face CBT in a single trial. Adherence to guided iCBT appears to be adequate and could be equal to adherence to face-to-face CBT.

title: Adherence to Internet-based and face-to-face cognitive behavioural therapy for XXXX : a meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Participants', 'participants']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['disorder or substance abuse']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['depression']


abstract: The @entity165 -dependent cytolysin (CDC) pneumolysin (Ply) is a key virulence factor of @entity328 . Membrane @entity165 is required for the cytolytic activity of this toxin, but it is not clear whether @entity165 is the only cellular receptor. Analysis of Ply binding to a glycan microarray revealed that Ply has lectin activity and binds glycans, including the Lewis histo-blood group antigens. Surface plasmon resonance analysis showed that Ply has the highest affinity for the @entity28417 ( @entity28417 ) structure, with a K(d) of 1.88 * 10(-5) M. Ply hemolytic activity against @entity1 RBCs showed dose-dependent inhibition by @entity28417 . Flow cytometric analysis and Western blots showed that blocking binding of Ply to the @entity28417 glycolipid on RBCs prevents deposition of the toxin in the membrane. The lectin domain responsible for @entity28417 binding is in domain 4 of Ply, which contains candidate @entity1735 -binding sites. Mutagenesis of these predicted @entity1735 -binding residues of Ply resulted in a decrease in hemolytic activity and a reduced affinity for @entity28417 . This study reveals that this archetypal CDC requires interaction with the @entity28417 glycolipid cellular receptor as an essential step before membrane insertion. A similar analysis conducted on streptolysin O from @entity4195 revealed that this CDC also has glycan-binding properties and that hemolytic activity against RBCs can be blocked with the glycan @entity49434 by inhibiting binding to the cell surface. Together, these data support the emerging paradigm shift that pore-forming toxins, including CDCs, have cellular receptors other than @entity165 that define target cell tropism.

title: The XXXX -dependent cytolysins pneumolysin and streptolysin O require binding to red blood cell glycans for hemolytic activity.

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity4195 :: ('1314', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus pyogenes']

entities_list: @entity28417 :: ('MESH:C086527', 'Chemical') :: ['sialyl LewisX', 'sLeX']

entities_list: @entity49434 :: ('MESH:C013084', 'Chemical') :: ['lacto-N-neotetraose']

entities_list: @entity328 :: ('1313', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus pneumoniae']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity165 :: (MESH:D002784,Chemical) :: ['cholesterol']


abstract: Aim of the study was to evaluate the results of the @entity1 with "congenital pseudartrosis of @entity2091 " treated by vascularized fibular graft transferred from the contralateral @entity291 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: The cohort consist of four @entity1 (2 @entity1 and 2 @entity1 ) aged 5.75 y (range 4-8 years) in the time of the transfer of vascularized fibular graft from the contralateral @entity291 into the resected @entity2091 suffered from @entity1516 Crawford @entity1605 , III and IV. @entity1 were operated on between 1999-2007. RESULTS: A total graft union was achieved in three @entity1 in one-year follow-up period. In one @entity1 , treatment failed due to @entity281 and was treated later with intramedullar Rush nail fixation and additional spongioplasty with an unsatisfactory result. CONCLUSION: Authors believe that after an accurate preoperative planning in cooperation with the microsurgeon, the treatment of @entity1516 of the @entity2091 by vascullarized fibular graft should be considered as a very effective, accurate and relatively safe method (Tab. 2, Fig. 4, Ref. 7). Full Text (Free, @entity14305 ) www.bmj.sk.

title: Vascularized free fibular graft in the treatment of @entity1516 of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'girl', 'patients', 'girls', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity1516 :: ('MESH:D011542', 'Disease') :: ['congenital pseudarthrosis', 'pseudarthrosis']

answer: @entity2091 :: (MESH:C535563,Disease) :: ['tibia']


abstract: @entity3 is a rare entity and its diagnosis is often difficult. Moreover, evidence-based therapeutic strategies have not yet been established. A 52-year-old @entity1 presented with high fever and was diagnosed with @entity4008 at first examination;although her fever was alleviated, she experienced motor @entity425 in both of her lower extremities. Ga scintigraphy highlighted the hot-spot areas of the disease in the cranial bone. She was then transferred to our department. Open biopsy of the skull showed @entity3 of the @entity5 . Chest CT results indicated @entity0 and @entity7241 imaging showed obvious enhancement of the pia mater around the conus medullaris and cauda equina. However, cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)cytological examination did not show the presence of any positive cells;consequently, mastectomy was performed in the thoracic surgical department. The severity of @entity1746 and @entity158 in her legs increased;however, repeat @entity422 month later showed no evidence of any change. Therefore, we performed biopsy of the cauda equina and @entity75 . The pathological diagnosis was @entity3 of @entity0 with positive @entity1 @entity1722 ( @entity1722 )immunological staining. The results of a repeat cytological examination of the CSF during the surgery were negative. Local radiotherapy(25 Gy/5 Fr)as a monotherapy was selected for the @entity1 , because her family did not approve of the combination of radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The severity of both @entity1746 and limb @entity158 decreased immediately after the radiotherapy.

title: [Radiotherapy for Alleviation of Paraparesis due to Leptomeningeal and Cauda Equina Metastasis of @entity1722 -Positive XXXX :A Case Report].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'human', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['right breast cancer', 'breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity4008 :: ('MESH:D016920', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial meningitis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['arachnoid lesions']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['weakness']

entities_list: @entity1746 :: ('MESH:D020335', 'Disease') :: ['paraparesis']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'Leptomeningeal metastasis']

entities_list: @entity1722 :: ('2064', 'Gene') :: ['epidermal growth factor receptor 2', 'HER2']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['Breast Cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity169 is a common condition in @entity1 and represents a large component of health-care expenditures. Approximately 700,000 herniorrhaphies are performed each year in the United States. The most effective method of repair of an @entity169 is not known. STUDY DESIGN: A multicenter, randomized, clinical trial was designed to compare open tension-free @entity169 with laparoscopic tension-free repair on recurrence rates, complications, @entity1 -centered outcomes, and cost. The study design called for randomization of 2,200 @entity1 over a period of 3 years. These @entity1 will be followed for a minimum of 2 years. This will allow determination of as little as a 3% absolute difference in recurrence rates with 80% power. Randomization is stratified by hospital, whether the hernia is unilateral or bilateral and whether the hernia is primary or recurrent. RESULTS: This is a report of the study design and current status. The study involves 14 Veterans Affairs medical centers with previous experience in @entity547 repair. After 35 months of enrollment, 2,165 @entity1 were randomized and recruitment was then closed. The majority of the @entity1 (82.3%) had unilateral @entity547 and 90.6% of the @entity547 were primary. Sixty-seven percent of the @entity1 had an outpatient operation. CONCLUSIONS: We report successful recruitment into a large multicenter trial comparing open and @entity547 repair. When followup is complete, this study will provide data regarding both clinical (recurrence rates) and @entity1 -centered outcomes.

title: Tension-free XXXX : the design of a trial to compare open and laparoscopic surgical techniques.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity169 :: ('MESH:D006552', 'Disease') :: ['inguinal hernia repair', 'Inguinal hernia', 'inguinal hernia']

entities_list: @entity547 :: ('MESH:D006547', 'Disease') :: ['hernias', 'laparoscopic hernia']

answer: @entity169 :: (MESH:D006552,Disease) :: ['inguinal hernia repair']


abstract: BALB/c @entity19 neonatally injected with 1 x 10(8) (A/J x BALB/c)F1 hybrid spleen cells develop polyclonal B cell activation and autoimmune features as a consequence of a host-versus-graft (HVG) reaction. In this study, we first analyzed the time-course development of the @entity8 in HVG @entity19 . From week 2 to week 6, linear deposits of IgG were observed by immunofluorescence along the glomerular capillary walls. From week 8 to week 12, the immunofluorescence pattern of IgG changed from linear to granular, and by immunoelectron microscopy, the IgG deposits were located on the epithelial side of the @entity631 ( @entity631 ). In addition, focal @entity631 complicated this @entity8157 in about 50% of the 12-week-old HVG @entity19 and @entity633 was increased in most of them. Circulating antibodies to antigens of the @entity631 (laminin, type IV collagen) and of the renal tubular epithelial (RTE) cells ( @entity33559 , @entity20664 ) were already detected at week 2 and were still present at week 12. Immunoglobulins eluted from isolated glomeruli contained antibodies directed against type IV collagen, laminin, and to a lesser degree against @entity20664 . F1 donor B cells were involved in the production of nephritogenic antibodies as indicated by (a) the presence of A/J allotypic determinants on serum anti-laminin antibodies and (b) the abrogation of the in vitro production of anti- @entity631 , anti-laminin and anti-RTE antibodies when spleen cells from HVG @entity19 were depleted of F1 donor B cells. Finally, mixed lymphocyte culture experiments established that T cells from HVG @entity19 stimulate normal B cells from F1 donor hybrids to produce anti- @entity631 , anti-laminin, anti-type IV collagen, anti-RTE, anti- @entity20664 and anti- @entity33559 antibodies. We conclude that @entity19 neonatally injected with semi-allogeneic spleen cells develop a @entity631 characterized by the transition from a linear to a granular IF pattern, and that the production of nephritogenic antibodies results from the activation of donor B cells by host helper T cells.

title: Renal immunopathology in XXXX host-versus-graft disease.

entities_list: @entity33559 :: ('13482(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['dipeptidyl peptidase IV']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal lesions']

entities_list: @entity633 :: ('MESH:D000419', 'Disease') :: ['albuminuria']

entities_list: @entity631 :: ('MESH:D005921', 'Disease') :: ['glomerular basement membrane', 'glomerulosclerosis', 'glomerulonephritis', 'GBM']

entities_list: @entity8157 :: ('MESH:D015433', 'Disease') :: ['membranous glomerulopathy']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['murine']


abstract: The objective of the study was to identify the relative importance of erythrocyte flow resistance and aggregation in acute and chronic coronary syndromes. 117 subjects in five groups were studied: (1) 34 @entity1 shortly after @entity583 ( @entity583 ) before reperfusion therapy; (2) 27 @entity1 with unstable and (3) 21 with stable @entity951 ( @entity951 ); (4) 14 age-matched control @entity1 and (5) 21 healthy volunteers. Single erythrocyte transit times were measured using the Cell Transit Analyser. Shear dependent elongation and aggregation was measured by a modified computerized Myrenne aggregometer. Leukocyte count was increased in @entity453 ( @entity453 ), especially in acute syndromes (mean +/- SD for groups 1-5): 12.2 +/- 4.5; 10.0 +/- 5.4; 8.0 +/- 2.0; 8.0 +/- 3.7; 7.0 +/- 2.0 (pl(-1))). Platelets, hematocrit, fibrinogen, @entity5843 did not differ between the groups. Plasma viscosity (mPas) was elevated in @entity583 and stable @entity951 : 1.34 +/- 0.10; 1.30 +/- 0.09; 1.32 +/- 0.08; 1.27 +/- 0.07; 1.27 +/- 0.05. Erythrocyte filtrability was not different as was the shear dependent deformation. Aggregation parameters such as gammaTmin were elevated in @entity453 : 180 +/- 70; 159 +/- 60; 166 +/- 59; 115 +/- 43; 113 +/- 51 (s(-1)). Erythrocyte deformability, measured with two independent methods, does not appear to contribute to the pathophysiology of @entity1187 . Erythrocyte aggregation and plasma viscosity were again found increased both in unstable and stable @entity301 . It is unlikely that increased red cell aggregation contributes to emergence of @entity583 .

title: Involvement of erythrocyte aggregation and erythrocyte resistance to flow in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['acute coronary syndromes']

entities_list: @entity5843 :: ('2', 'Gene') :: ['alpha2-macroglobulin']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary disease']

entities_list: @entity951 :: ('MESH:D000787', 'Disease') :: ['AP', 'angina pectoris']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['CAD', 'coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['AMI', 'acute myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity1187 :: (MESH:D054058,Disease) :: ['acute coronary syndromes']