abstract: Perhaps the most unpleasant experience following outpatient plastic surgery procedures is @entity1209 . @entity1209 often results in delayed recovery time and unintended admission, and it can be a contributing factor to the formation of @entity1410 following rhytidectomy. Ondansetron ( @entity3974 ) has proven benefit in preventing @entity1209 if given before general anesthesia in a variety of surgical procedures. Its utility in cases performed under conscious sedation has not been determined. The purpose of this study was (1) to test the ability of prophylactic ondansetron to prevent @entity1209 in plastic surgery cases performed under conscious sedation, and (2) to determine relative risk factors for @entity1209 and a selection policy for the administration of antiemetic prophylaxis. This was a prospective, randomized, double-blind study. One hundred twenty @entity1 were enrolled after giving informed consent. @entity1 received a single dose of either placebo or @entity3974 (4 mg intravenously) before administration of sedation. Sedation administration followed a standardized institutional protocol, using @entity1363 and @entity3575 . Data were recorded from a series of three questionnaires: preoperatively, immediately postoperatively, and at the time of the first office return. Data were confirmed by means of telephone interview, chart analysis, and nursing documentation. Multivariate analysis was conducted. @entity390 and @entity391 occurred with an overall frequency of 33 percent and 22 percent, respectively. @entity1209 was associated with statistically longer recovery periods. The incidence of @entity391 was statistically higher among @entity1 , among those undergoing facial rejuvenation, and among those with a history of opioid-induced @entity391 or @entity1209 following a previous operation (p < 0.05). The incidence of @entity1209 paralleled increases in case duration; the incidence of @entity391 was zero in cases less than 90 minutes in duration. Ondansetron significantly reduced the incidence of @entity391 overall (placebo, 30 percent; ondansetron, 13 percent; p < 0.05). Postoperative perception of @entity390 was significantly lower among those who had received ondansetron (p < 0.05). These results confirm the efficacy of ondansetron for the prevention of @entity1209 in plastic surgery cases under conscious sedation. In those who are at increased risk, prophylaxis should be considered. Such risks include female gender, facial rejuvenation procedures, and a @entity1 history of opioid-induced @entity391 or @entity1209 following a prior operation. The zero incidence of @entity391 in cases less than 90 minutes does not support the routine use of prophylaxis in such cases. @entity1 satisfaction in plastic surgery is derived from the overall subjective experience of the event as much as by the final result. By remaining attentive to @entity1 concerns and optimizing perioperative care, we can improve the subjective experience for our @entity1 .

title: The prevention of XXXX in plastic surgery: a randomized, prospective study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity3974 :: ('MESH:D017294', 'Chemical') :: ['ondansetron', 'Zofran']

entities_list: @entity390 :: ('MESH:D009325', 'Disease') :: ['Nausea', 'nausea']

entities_list: @entity3575 :: ('MESH:D005283', 'Chemical') :: ['fentanyl']

entities_list: @entity1363 :: ('MESH:D008874', 'Chemical') :: ['midazolam']

entities_list: @entity1209 :: ('MESH:D020250', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative nausea and vomiting', 'postoperative nausea and vomiting']

answer: @entity391 :: (MESH:D014839,Disease) :: ['emesis']


abstract: We present a case of a twelve-year-old @entity1 with @entity4924 , @entity118 and two forms of @entity591 . From the first year the @entity1 suffered from episodes of @entity591 . A few months prior to admission, episodes of palpitations became more frequent, periodically incessant and difficult to interrupt, despite @entity2643 treatment. During the @entity591 the @entity1 deteriorated with severe @entity848 , @entity551 and often with @entity1163 . During sinus rhythm ECG showed RA enlargement and preexcitation. During the documented @entity591 with rate 160-170/min, the ECG showed @entity714 (QRS=160 ms) with @entity2270 deviation. An echocardiogram demonstrated dislodgment of septal tricuspid leaflet 30 mm with a high degree of right ventricle atrialisation, moderate @entity997 , and @entity2438 with bidirectional shunt. During the EP study two forms of @entity591 were induced: orthodromic @entity2917 , and @entity2917 . Both @entity591 were successfully ablated. Four months later the @entity1 underwent TV replacement with aortic homograft, Glenn @entity254 and @entity2438 closure with fenestration. During the next 18 months, the @entity1 was in better general condition, but still was cyanotic especially during exercise (SAT 76%). An Amplatzer occluder was implanted on the 'residual' @entity118 . During the 24-month follow-up period, the @entity1 has been in a good general condition, showing good exercise tolerance with no @entity848 or @entity943 .

title: [Atrioventricular nodal and @entity2917 in a XXXX with Ebsteinanomaly--the role of percutaneous RF ablation, surgery and Amplatzer septal occluder].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['girl', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2643 :: ('MESH:D000638', 'Chemical') :: ['amiodarone']

entities_list: @entity2917 :: ('MESH:D013611', 'Disease') :: ['atrioventricular nodal reentry tachycardia', 'atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmia']

entities_list: @entity714 :: ('MESH:D002037', 'Disease') :: ['right bundle branch block']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardia', 'tachycardias']

entities_list: @entity997 :: ('MESH:D014262', 'Disease') :: ['tricuspid insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity4924 :: ('MESH:D004437', 'Disease') :: ["Ebstein's anomaly"]

entities_list: @entity2270 :: ('MESH:C566610', 'Disease') :: ['right axis']

entities_list: @entity118 :: ('MESH:D006344', 'Disease') :: ['atrial septal defect']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

entities_list: @entity848 :: ('MESH:D003490', 'Disease') :: ['cyanosis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: A new method has been developed to measure airway functions in unanaesthetized, unrestrained @entity840 . The technique utilizes a specially designed pneumotachograph that is placed inside the @entity825 , and a saline-filled balloon, placed inside the @entity1143 . The pneumotachograph consists of a stainless steel cylinder with @entity5274 attached to it, measuring the total pressure and the lateral pressure in the @entity825 , respectively. Via air-filled @entity6619 conducting tubes, subcutaneously driven and permanently attached to the neck of the animal, the pressures are fed into a differential pressure transducer, yielding a pressure difference proportional to the airflow in the @entity825 . Via a saline-filled tubing, the @entity661 is similarly attached to the neck of the animal, and pleural pressure ( @entity59369 ) is measured using a second pressure transducer. These data permit calculation of airway functions in conscious, unstressed animals. Control values for airway resistance (RAW), @entity59369 , tidal volume and respiratory frequency are all in the range of results reported previously for this species. A very significant correlation between RAW and @entity59369 (P < 0.001) was observed, indicating that sole @entity59369 -measurement can be used as a relatively simple and sensitive method to assess bronchial obstructive reactions in unrestrained @entity840 . Using a specially designed provocation cage, which allowed the animals to remain in a stress-free, unrestrained condition, the method has been successfully applied for the assessment of the dose-dependent bronchoconstrictor sensitivity to @entity112 as well as to allergen-induced early and late phase airway reactions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: A novel method to assess airway function parameters in chronically instrumented, unrestrained XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1143 :: ('MESH:D010996', 'Disease') :: ['pleural cavity']

entities_list: @entity5274 :: ('MESH:D005184', 'Disease') :: ['coaxial and perpendicular tubes']

entities_list: @entity661 :: ('MESH:D054549', 'Disease') :: ['pleural balloon']

entities_list: @entity112 :: ('MESH:D006632', 'Chemical') :: ['histamine']

answer: @entity840 :: (10141,Species) :: ['guinea-pigs']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The incidental discovery of @entity703 is increasingly frequent. All @entity703 are not inevitably @entity5 . The objective of our study was to compare radiological and histological data and to establish a diagnostic and therapeutic approach to the incidental discovery of a small @entity703 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective study of 22 incidentally discovered @entity703 , with a long axis of less than 5 cm on the pathology specimen. RESULTS: The @entity5 was discovered on ultrasound in 68% of cases. All @entity1 were operated, allowing histological examination of the operative specimen, revealing 14 @entity5 , 4 @entity359 , 2 @entity652 and 2 @entity548 (with thick contents). Ultrasound demonstrated a @entity5 in 13 cases, 11 of which were @entity5 , and a @entity5 in the other 7 cases, corresponding to 4 @entity359 , 2 @entity5 , and 1 @entity652 . Computed tomography showed a heterogeneous @entity5 in 12 cases, corresponding to a @entity5 in all but one case. The @entity5 was homogeneous in the other 10 cases, including 4 @entity5 . Arteriography showed a hypervascular @entity5 in 3 cases, all @entity5 , and a @entity5 in 7 cases: 2 @entity5 , 2 @entity652 , 2 very small @entity359 and 1 @entity548 . CONCLUSION: Despite the development of medical imaging, further progress is required to resolve the diagnostic problems raised by certain incidentally discovered @entity703 , @entity5 with a homogeneous appearance on CT scan and a hypovascular appearance on arteriography.

title: [Management of asymptomatic XXXX of incidental discovery].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['haemorrhagic cyst', 'haemorrhagic cysts']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['hypovascular tumour', 'cancers', 'hyperechoic tumour', 'cancer', 'particularly tumours', 'hypoechoic tumour', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity359 :: ('MESH:D018207', 'Disease') :: ['angiomyolipomas']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['adenomas', 'adenoma']

entities_list: @entity703 :: ('MESH:D007680', 'Disease') :: ['renal tumour', 'asymptomatic renal tumours', 'renal tumours', 'small renal tumours']

answer: @entity703 :: (MESH:D007680,Disease) :: ['small tumor of the kidney']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to investigate the protective effects of @entity55735 ( @entity214 ) via suppressing the expression of @entity1810 ( @entity1810 ) in @entity35 @entity647 ( @entity647 ) induced by @entity6453 (PQ) and to explore the potential molecular mechanisms. METHODS: A total of 90 male @entity35 (190-210 g) were randomly and evenly divided into 9 groups: control group, PQ groups (4 groups), and PQ + @entity214 groups (4 groups). The @entity35 in control group were treated with equal volume of saline intraperitoneally. The @entity35 in PQ groups were exposed to PQ solution (20 mg/kg) by gastric gavage for 1, 6, 24, and 72 hours, respectively. The @entity35 in PQ + @entity214 groups were intraperitoneally injected once with @entity214 (10 mg/kg) every 12 hours after PQ perfusion. Pulmonary pathological changes were observed by @entity1710 and @entity1711 (HE) staining. The expression of @entity1810 and the mRNA were evaluated by immunohistochemical (IHC) scoring and real time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (real-time qRT-PCR), respectively. RESULTS: @entity214 alleviated the symptoms of PQ induced @entity647 . Moreover, @entity214 reduced the expression of the inflammatory cytokine @entity1810 including @entity1810 IHC scores (at each time point from 6 to 72 hours after PQ perfusion) and mRNA level (at each time point from 1 to 72 hours after PQ perfusion) compared with PQ groups (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: @entity214 alleviated the pulmonary symptoms of PQ-induced @entity647 , at least partially, by repressing inflammatory cell infiltration and the expression of @entity1810 resulting in delayed lung @entity82 .

title: @entity55735 alleviates @entity6453 -induced XXXX @entity647 by repressing @entity1810 expression.

entities_list: @entity6453 :: ('MESH:D010269', 'Chemical') :: ['paraquat']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity55735 :: ('MESH:C009172', 'Chemical') :: ['salidroside']

entities_list: @entity1710 :: ('MESH:D006416', 'Chemical') :: ['hematoxylin']

entities_list: @entity1810 :: ('59086(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['transforming growth factor-b1', 'TGF-b1']

entities_list: @entity647 :: ('MESH:D055371', 'Disease') :: ['acute lung injury', 'ALI']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the need for intervention on @entity455 risks in @entity1 with @entity451 according to: (i) two multifactorial risk models; and (ii) these models in combination with the additional risk of overweight/ @entity28 . DESIGN: Cross-sectional. SUBJECTS: A total of 134 out of 153 @entity1 , comprising more than 80% of a regional prevalence population with traumatic @entity451 (American @entity3510 Association Impairment Scale A-C) of minimum one year duration. METHODS: @entity1 were screened for @entity65 risk using two multifactorial risk models: the Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation and the Framingham Risk Equation. Risk factors included were: age, gender, systolic blood pressure, antihypertensive medication, smoking, total @entity165 , high-density lipoprotein @entity165 , and total @entity165 /total @entity165 ratio. In addition, overweight/ @entity28 was assessed by body mass index. RESULTS: Twenty-seven percent to 36% of the cohort was eligible for @entity65 risk intervention, depending on the risk model used. When overweight/ @entity28 ( @entity1566 adjusted cut-score body mass index >=    22) was also considered, over 80% of the @entity1 qualified for intervention. CONCLUSION: Almost one-third of @entity1 with @entity451 were eligible for @entity65 risk intervention according to authoritative assessment tools. The number in need of intervention was dramatically increased when overweight/ @entity28 as a @entity65 risk was considered.

title: XXXX risk and the need for prevention after @entity451 determined by conventional multifactorial risk models: the Stockholm @entity1566 study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Participants', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity3510 :: ('MESH:D013124', 'Disease') :: ['Spinal Injury']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['cardio-vascular disease']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity1566 :: ('MESH:D013119', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord injury']

entities_list: @entity451 :: ('MESH:C536857', 'Disease') :: ['paraplegia']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity65 :: (MESH:D002318,Disease) :: ['Cardiovascular disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: Symptomatic central venosus obstruction (CVO) in dialysis @entity1 with @entity2548 ( @entity2548 ) leads to significant morbidity and @entity1 inconvenience. We evaluated the results of surgical and radiological interventional treatment of symptomatic central @entity432 . METHODS: Clinical data, site and length of @entity3885 , type and outcome of intervention were obtained from @entity1 records. Patency rates of radiological and surgical treatment were calculated using Life Table survival analysis. RESULTS: In 28 @entity1 with VH, 45 interventions (percutaneous intervention 30; surgical reconstruction 10; AVF closure five) were performed. Mean vessel obstruction length was 4.9 cm, mainly localized in the subclavian vein (55%). Initial clinical success rate of @entity865 and surgery was 92%, with complications after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty ( @entity865 ) on six occasions. @entity256 after @entity865 was observed in 39%. One-year primary and secondary patency after @entity865 was 50 and 63%, respectively. One-year primary patency after surgical reconstruction was 75%. CONCLUSION: Symptomatic CVO in dialysis @entity1 with @entity2548 can be treated with a high success rate through radiological intervention. Surgical reconstruction is an appropriate alternative method in case of failed @entity865 .

title: Central vein obstruction in hemodialysis XXXX : results of radiological and surgical intervention.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3885 :: ('MESH:D008173', 'Disease') :: ['vein obstruction']

entities_list: @entity256 :: ('MESH:D023903', 'Disease') :: ['Restenosis']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['venous obstruction']

entities_list: @entity2548 :: ('MESH:D001164', 'Disease') :: ['AVFs', 'arteriovenous fistulas']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Neuroinflammatory processes associated with induction of cyclooxygenase (COX) have been implicated in the deleterious events resulting in @entity179 . The present study was designed to investigate the impact of acute @entity888 (MA) administration on COX expression and @entity1421 ( @entity1421 ) production, and to evaluate the effect of selective @entity4665 inhibition using @entity12698 in MA-induced degeneration of dopaminergic terminal and cell apoptosis in the striatum. Male @entity35 were treated with either a @entity2359 regimen of @entity888 (5 mg/kg, i.p., every 2 h for four injections) with or without @entity12698 (7.5 mg/kg) or vehicle. @entity9774 expression was not affected by MA, while both @entity4665 protein expression and number of @entity4665 positive cells in striatum were significantly reduced 24 h after MA treatment. However, after 72 h, a significant upregulation of @entity4665 protein was detected. @entity1421 production was correlated with altered @entity4665 levels. NFkappa-B (NFkappa B), a key regulator of @entity4665 expression, was activated 72 h after MA administration, and was accompanied by increased Ikappa B (Ikappa B) phosphorylation. Animals receiving MA exhibited an increase in apoptotic cells and notable reductions in @entity935 (DA) content (63.9%) in immunoreactivity of @entity669 hydroxylase (TH) and neuron specific microtubule-associated protein 2 ( @entity19744 ) in striatum. Administration of @entity12698 exacerbated MA-induced DA depletion, and did not affect MA-induced @entity19744 damage, apoptosis or proliferation of glial cells. Our findings suggest that @entity4665 containing cells are targets of the damage during earlier stages of MA-related @entity2359 , and that the selective inhibition of @entity4665 enzyme is harmful rather than protective. The @entity4665 induction appears during the recovery period, and NFkappa B activation may be an important mechanism.

title: Selective inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 exacerbates @entity888 -induced @entity935 depletion in the striatum in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity12698 :: ('MESH:C105934', 'Chemical') :: ['celecoxib']

entities_list: @entity888 :: ('MESH:D008694', 'Chemical') :: ['methamphetamine hydrochloride', 'methamphetamine']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity1421 :: ('MESH:D015232', 'Chemical') :: ['PGE(2)', 'prostaglandin E2']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['neurodegeneration']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague-Dawley rats']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

entities_list: @entity2359 :: ('MESH:D020258', 'Disease') :: ['neurotoxic', 'neurotoxicity']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: As neurons rely almost exclusively on @entity413 as an energy substrate, @entity413 transport is of critical importance to cerebral function. Two specific facilitative @entity413 transporters, GT1 and -3, predominate in brain, with the latter exclusively expressed by neurons, whereas GT1 is expressed by astrocytes and vascular elements. Little is known about the regulation of these transporters at the genetic level or the extent to which their expression may change in response to acute or chronic changes in metabolic demands. Thus, we employed in situ hybridization to evaluate changes in @entity413 transporter gene expression in the @entity35 brain in response to @entity63 induced by @entity2500 ( @entity2500 ). The most remarkable responses were demonstrated by GT1, which within an hour of @entity63 insult demonstrated a global increase in gene expression throughout the forebrain. In the ensuing hours, GT1 expression further intensified and became lateralized to the lesioned hemisphere, with normalization of expression contralaterally. Increased GT1 mRNA levels were found in astroglia and microvessels and were also present in distinct neuronal populations, including the piriform cortex, dentate gyrus, and medial habenula, which normally do not express GT1 mRNA. By 24 h post- @entity2500 , glial cells of the ipsilateral cortex surrounding the infarct zone still demonstrated elevated GT1 mRNA levels, but expression had returned to baseline in neurons. Interestingly, it was not until GT1 expression had subsided (24 h post- @entity2500 ), that there was a modest increase in neuronal GT3 gene expression in the affected hemisphere. GT2 and GT4 mRNAs were not detected in the @entity35 brain under normal conditions or after @entity63 . These data demonstrate that @entity63 induces an immediate and sustained increase in brain GT1 gene expression in both glial cells and neurons. This augmentation of GT1 expression could represent a defensive strategy aimed at repletion of the brain's energy stores and stabilization of neuronal membrane potential.

title: @entity63 induces brain XXXX transporter gene expression.

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity2500 :: ('MESH:D020244', 'Disease') :: ['MCAO', 'middle cerebral artery occlusion']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia', 'ischemic']

answer: @entity413 :: (MESH:D005947,Chemical) :: ['glucose']


abstract: @entity3538 and aortic arch regions reflexly regulate heart rate and peripheral vascular responses during changes in arterial pressure. The relative influence of these two arterial baroreflex pathways on the control of these autonomic responses is debatable. Recent studies in our laboratory demonstrate that the aortic baroreflex produces substantial and sustained inhibition of efferent sympathetic nerve activity to muscle (MSNA) during increases in arterial pressure. The regulation of MSNA by these two baroreflexes in @entity1 during @entity551 , and particularly the role of the aortic baroreflex, remains undefined. We therefore performed a new series of studies to assess the relative influence of the aortic and carotid baroreflexes on MSNA responses during sustained decreases in arterial pressure. In eight normal male subjects, aged 23 +/- 1 years (mean +/- SEM), we directly measured mean arterial pressure, heart rate, central venous pressure, and MSNA (microneurography) during @entity551 (combined aortic and carotid baroreceptor deactivation) produced by intravenous infusion of @entity1854 and during @entity1854 infusion with superimposed application of external neck suction. Neck suction was applied at levels sufficient to maintain transmural carotid sinus pressure above control levels (carotid baroreceptor activation) while the aortic baroreflexes remained deactivated. Central venous pressure was maintained constant with volume infusion. We also studied responses of these same subjects to direct carotid baroreceptor deactivation with the application of external neck pressure. During neck pressure alone, there was a reflex increase in mean arterial pressure; thus, during this portion of the protocol, we achieved carotid baroreceptor deactivation with some aortic baroreceptor activation. @entity1854 infusion (combined aortic and carotid deactivation) decreased mean arterial pressure from 90.8 +/- 3.1 to 77.8 +/- 1.1 mm Hg (p less than 0.01) with concomitant increases in heart rate from 62.6 +/- 3.0 to 89.7 +/- 6.1 beats/min (p less than 0.001) and in MSNA from 273.8 +/- 43.0 to 950.6 +/- 133.5 units (p less than 0.001). During continued @entity1854 infusion with superimposed neck suction (aortic baroreceptor deactivation and carotid baroreceptor activation), mean arterial pressure decreased to 70.3 +/- 1.9 mm Hg (p less than 0.001 vs. control), heart rate decreased to 82.5 +/- 6.5 beats/min (p less than 0.01 vs. control or vs. @entity1854 alone), but MSNA remained markedly increased at 889.7 +/- 105.1 units (p less than 0.001 vs. control; p = NS vs. @entity1854 alone).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: Importance of aortic baroreflex in regulation of sympathetic responses during @entity551 . Evidence from direct sympathetic nerve recordings in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3538 :: ('MESH:D002341', 'Disease') :: ['Arterial baroreceptors in the carotid sinus']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

entities_list: @entity1854 :: ('MESH:D009599', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium nitroprusside', 'Nitroprusside', 'nitroprusside']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['humans']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In @entity1 with severe @entity627 ( @entity627 ), treatment with corticosteroids (CS) is frequently needed and @entity851 and @entity2331 may develop. A beneficial effect of @entity1 @entity2124 (hGH) has been reported but mostly in trials without a control group. AIMS: To study the effect of hGH on growth, @entity79 ( @entity79 ), and body composition, taking the disease activity and CS use into account. METHODS: Randomised controlled trial on 17 prepubertal @entity627 @entity1 with @entity851 and/or decreased @entity79 . The hGH group (n = 10) received treatment with hGH 4 IU/m2/day (approximately 0.045 mg/kg/day) during two years. The controls (n = 7) received no GH treatment. RESULTS: During the two year study period the disease activity, and use of CS and @entity1499 ( @entity1500 ) did not differ between the groups. There was a significant mean increase in height standard deviation score (HSDS) in the hGH group (0.42+/-0.16 @entity214 ) and a non-significant decrease in the controls (-0.18+/-0.11 @entity214 ). Change in @entity79 did not differ significantly between the groups, although the increase in @entity79 for lumbar spine within the hGH group was significant. Lean body mass improved significantly in the hGH group compared to controls (0.64+/-0.19 @entity214 versus -0.20+/-0.17 @entity214 ), while the decrease in percentage fat was not significant. CONCLUSIONS: There was a significant effect of hGH on growth and lean body mass, but a longer duration of treatment might be necessary to evaluate the effect of hGH on @entity79 .

title: @entity2124 treatment in @entity1 with XXXX , corticosteroid induced @entity851 , and @entity2331 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['growth retardation']

entities_list: @entity627 :: ('MESH:D012216', 'Disease') :: ['RD', 'rheumatic disease']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone mineral density', 'BMD']

entities_list: @entity2331 :: ('MESH:D001851', 'Disease') :: ['osteopenia']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

answer: @entity627 :: (MESH:D012216,Disease) :: ['rheumatic disease']


abstract: An 80-year-old @entity1 presented with multiple erythematous papules on the trunk and extremities of a few weeks' duration. He had no past medical or family history of @entity272 or any other medical diseases. A biopsy showed a perivascular lymphohistiocytic infiltrate and sparse neutrophils with several atypical lymphocytes in the deeper dermis. With an initial diagnosis of @entity784 or unspecified @entity7250 , he showed a brisk response to an intramuscular injection of @entity2995 (40 mg/mL). After 1 month, his @entity272 recurred. @entity134 was given with a good clinical response. One month later, however, his @entity272 relapsed. At this time, he presented with disseminated @entity75 on the trunk and extremities. Examination revealed multiple, variable-sized, erythematous plaques with central pustules on the extremities (Fig. 1). The mucous membranes were not involved. He had no @entity158 or @entity925 . He had no systemic symptoms. Laboratory tests showed a hemoglobin level of 10.3 g/dL, a leukocyte level of 6,900/mm(3), with an increased proportion of segmented nuclear neutrophils (83%), and an elevated @entity1851 . A skin biopsy revealed a dense perivascular and interstitial infiltrate composed of neutrophils with marked dermal @entity4 (Fig. 2). @entity7250 was the final diagnosis and he was treated with oral @entity617 (30-40 mg/day) and @entity3761 (50 mg/day) for 2 months. As this 80-year-old @entity1 had a recurrent history of similar @entity272 and @entity417 , an underlying @entity1583 was suspected. A bone marrow biopsy showed typical @entity2590 ( @entity2590 ). The hemoglobin level was decreased to 5.3 g/dL during a follow-up period of 5 months. The @entity272 recurred despite oral @entity230 and @entity3761 . The @entity1 received only symptomatic treatment, such as a transfusion, for the underlying @entity5 .

title: A case of recurrent XXXX in an 80-year-old @entity1 : a clue to an underlying @entity5 .

entities_list: @entity2995 :: ('MESH:D014222', 'Chemical') :: ['triamcinolone acetonide']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['pustulopapular lesions']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy MDS']

entities_list: @entity784 :: ('MESH:D016399', 'Disease') :: ['T-cell pseudolymphoma']

entities_list: @entity7250 :: ('MESH:D016463', 'Disease') :: ['neutrophilic dermatosis', "Sweet's syndrome"]

entities_list: @entity2590 :: ('MESH:D009190', 'Disease') :: ['myelodysplastic syndrome', 'MDS']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['Steroid']

entities_list: @entity1583 :: ('MESH:D019337', 'Disease') :: ['hematologic malignancy']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin lesions', 'skin diseases', 'skin lesion']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity925 :: ('MESH:D063806', 'Disease') :: ['tenderness']

entities_list: @entity617 :: ('MESH:D011239', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisolone']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

answer: @entity7250 :: (MESH:D016463,Disease) :: ['Sweet's syndrome']


abstract: From 1966 through 1978, 13 @entity1 were treated for major @entity2488 due to nonpenetrating @entity130 . In 10 @entity1 the diagnosis was made early, and operation was carried out in all of them. Four of the 6 @entity1 with main bronchus avulsion had primary repair and all 4 @entity1 with @entity397 underwent lobectomy. One @entity1 had a pneumonectomy. There was 1 operative @entity204 . In 3 @entity1 the diagnosis was made more than a month after the injury. A bronchoplastic repair was done in every @entity1 . All 7 @entity1 who had repair of a transected main bronchus were assessed 2 to 14 years after operation (average, 7 1/2 years). Flow-volume curves on air and air-helium were normal, indicating no major @entity1224 ; this finding was confirmed by clinical and bronchoscopic examinations. Pulmonary diffusing capacity for @entity1223 was also normal in all @entity1 . Volume measurements by closed circuit method and by body plethysmography showed restriction in 1 @entity1 but no major air trapping. Perfusion/ventilation scans showed homogeneous distribution of air and blood flow in the lung.

title: Diagnosis and long-term follow-up of major @entity2488 due to nonpenetrating XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1223 :: ('MESH:D002248', 'Chemical') :: ['carbon monoxide']

entities_list: @entity2488 :: ('MESH:D001982', 'Disease') :: ['bronchial disruptions']

entities_list: @entity397 :: ('MESH:D012421', 'Disease') :: ['lobar rupture']

entities_list: @entity1224 :: ('MESH:D000402', 'Disease') :: ['airway obstruction']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['trauma']


abstract: Periodontal disease is characterized by periodontal @entity604 . For this reason, we conducted a study to test the effect of @entity561 ( @entity16292 ), an inhibitor of bone resorption, on alveolar bone mass. A total of 335 @entity1 with @entity2520 ( @entity1 = 162, @entity1 = 173), aged 30 to 79, were randomized to either placebo or @entity16292 70 mg once weekly. All @entity1 received prophylaxis at baseline, and at 6, 12, and 18 months. Smokers accounted for 62% of @entity1 , and 71% of the @entity1 had @entity2520 . The primary efficacy endpoint was the change in @entity604 ( @entity604 ). When all subjects were analyzed, 2 years of treatment with @entity561 70 mg once weekly did not significantly change either @entity604 or alveolar bone density (ABD) relative to placebo. However, in the subgroup of @entity1 with low mandibular bone mineral density (BMD) at baseline, @entity561 significantly reduced @entity604 relative to placebo (p < 0.01). No such effect was seen in @entity1 with normal baseline mandibular BMD. The overall and upper gastrointestinal safety and tolerability profile of @entity561 after 2 years of treatment was very favorable compared to placebo. No cases of @entity2530 of the jaw were observed. In summary, in @entity1 with @entity2520 receiving prophylaxis, @entity561 70 mg once weekly was well tolerated, but did not have a detectable effect on @entity604 , except in those @entity1 with low mandibular BMD at baseline.

title: Efficacy of bisphosphonates for the control of XXXX in periodontitis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity2520 :: ('MESH:D010510', 'Disease') :: ['periodontal disease', 'severe periodontal disease']

entities_list: @entity561 :: ('MESH:D019386', 'Chemical') :: ['alendronate']

entities_list: @entity604 :: ('MESH:D016301', 'Disease') :: ['alveolar bone loss', 'ABL', 'bone loss']

entities_list: @entity2530 :: ('MESH:D010020', 'Disease') :: ['osteonecrosis']

answer: @entity604 :: (MESH:D016301,Disease) :: ['alveolar bone loss']


abstract: @entity8307 ( @entity8307 ) is usually prescribed for @entity1 hospitalized with @entity497 ( @entity497 ). Studies have associated prolonged @entity8307 with longer hospital stays and higher costs. The aim of this study was to determine the factors that influence the expense generated by and mean stay of @entity1 hospitalized for @entity55 , with special attention to the influence of @entity8307 duration. MATERIAL AND METHODS: One hundred twenty-five @entity497 @entity1 admitted to the respiratory medicine wards of our hospital were randomly assigned to five different staff physicians. @entity8307 was prescribed following the norms of the Spanish Society of Respiratory Medicine and Chest Surgery (SEPAR). @entity8307 was withdrawn when the attending physician considered it appropriate. We collected epidemiological, comorbidity, clinical and analytical data. Complications were recorded and severity of @entity497 was classified using the model proposed by Fine. Follow-up care was given at an outpatient clinic until symptoms disappeared and chest films resolved. Multivariate analysis determined the factors predicting mean hospital stay and high cost. Costs were calculated based on data issued by the billing department. RESULTS: The mean cost of care was 307,274 pesetas, mean duration of @entity8307 was 5.8 days and mean hospital stay was 9.4 days. Multivariate analysis showed that cost was related to mean hospital stay and @entity8307 . Mean hospital stay was associated with @entity8307 , the presence of @entity1576 and the day of the week when admission took place (with weekend admission leading to longer stays). CONCLUSIONS: The duration of @entity8307 in @entity497 influences mean hospital stay and cost, without adding any evident therapeutic benefit (in the group of @entity1 selected). Recommendations for diagnosing and treating @entity497 may be advisable.

title: [Community-acquired XXXX : influence of the duration of intravenous antibiotic therapy on hospital stay and the cost-benefit ratio].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity8307 :: ('MESH:D004761', 'Disease') :: ['IVAT', 'Intravenous antibiotic therapy']

entities_list: @entity497 :: ('MESH:D003147', 'Disease') :: ['CAP', 'community-acquired pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory insufficiency']

answer: @entity55 :: (MESH:D011014,Disease) :: ['pneumonia']


abstract: The pathology of @entity191 ( @entity191 ) is characterized by the progressive loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra. However, the pathogenesis of @entity191 remains unclear. @entity1457 proteins (HSPs) have many functions, including inhibition of apoptosis and @entity39 , protection from oxidative stress, and maintenance of the mitochondrial membrane potential, that are related to @entity179 . @entity9013 ion ( @entity9016 ) is a neurotoxin that selectively inhibits the mitochondrial functions of DA neurons in the substantia nigra. @entity9016 administration is accepted as a model for @entity191 . In the present study, we found that @entity9016 induced a concentration- and time-dependent decrease in cell viability. Lower concentrations of @entity9016 induced mainly early apoptosis, and, as the concentration increased, the number of late apoptotic and necrotic cells significantly increased. However, treated by @entity1457 preconditioning or transfection with @entity30795 , a homologue of @entity1 @entity30795 , cells showed marked improvement in viability after exposure to the same concentrations of @entity9016 . Compared with @entity1457 , @entity30795 appeared to improve cell viability obviously. Similarly, @entity30795 elicited significantly stronger protective effects against apoptosis and @entity39 . In addition, @entity30795 transfection maintained more injured cells in early apoptotic stages and inhibited the occurrence of late apoptotic/necrotic events. @entity1457 and @entity30795 both ameliorated @entity9016 -induced @entity137 by maintaining the mitochondrial membrane potential and reducing reactive @entity26 species (ROS). Therefore, the effects of HSPs, such as reducing apoptosis and @entity39 , preserving mitochondrial functions and decreasing oxidative stress, may bring a novel approach for @entity191 therapy.

title: @entity1457 proteins reduce XXXX of @entity9013 ion in SK-N-SH cells.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity1457 :: ('MESH:D012769', 'Disease') :: ['Heat shock', 'heat shock']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease", 'PD']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['neurodegenerative diseases']

entities_list: @entity9013 :: ('MESH:D015655', 'Chemical') :: ['1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium']

answer: @entity137 :: (MESH:D064420,Disease) :: ['toxicity']


abstract: We have reported that inhalation exposure of @entity35 to @entity8336 causes permanent @entity393 , e.g. Pryor et al. Neurobehav. Toxicol. Teratol. 5, 53-62 (1983). Therefore, it was of considerable interest to examine the @entity2167 potential of two structurally related solvents--mixed @entity11574 and @entity8886 --compared with that of @entity8336 . Male, weanling Fischer-344 @entity35 were exposed to clean air or solvents in four identical 62.5 l Plexiglas chambers. Exposures to 800, 1000, and 1200 ppm were daily for 14 hours/day and lasted 6 weeks for mixed @entity11574 , 3 weeks for @entity8886 . An additional experiment with @entity11574 examined the effect of exposure for only 4 (1700 ppm) or 8 (1450 ppm) hours or for 8 (1450 ppm) hours on three consecutive days to compare the results with those obtained with @entity8336 under comparable exposure schedules. Both @entity11574 and @entity8886 caused marked @entity393 as assessed by behavioral (conditioned avoidance) and electrophysiologic (brainstem auditory-evoked response) methods. Moreover, both solvents appeared to be more potent ototoxicants than @entity8336 , as indicated by effective concentration, effective durations of exposure, and the range of frequencies affected.

title: @entity393 in @entity35 caused by inhalation of mixed XXXX and @entity8886 .

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing loss']

answer: @entity11574 :: (MESH:D014992,Chemical) :: ['xylenes']


abstract: PURPOSE: We investigated the feasibility, safety, and antitumor activity of weekly @entity136 given in combination with low doses of @entity900 and @entity1260 in previously treated @entity1 with advanced @entity1606 ( @entity1606 ) of the urothelium. @entity1 AND METHODS: @entity1 with measurable, metastatic or unresectable @entity1606 who had received one or two prior chemotherapy regimens were eligible. On a 28-day course, doses of @entity900 30 mg/m(2), @entity136 800 mg/m(2), and @entity1260 1 g/m(2) were given on day 1 and then repeated on day 8 and day 15 unless there was dose-limiting @entity1503 . RESULTS: Fifty-one @entity1 were registered; 10 @entity1 participated in a pilot study, after which 41 @entity1 were registered onto the phase II protocol. Forty-eight @entity1 (94.1%) had dose-limiting @entity1503 on day 8 or day 15. Nonhematologic @entity137 of grade 3 or greater consisted mainly of @entity390 and @entity391 (seven @entity1 , 13.7%) and @entity281 (seven @entity1 , 13.7%). Responses could be assessed in 49 of 51 eligible @entity1 ; two complete responses (4.1%) and 18 partial responses (36.7%) were observed for an overall response rate of 40.8% (exact 95% confidence interval, 27% to 56%). CONCLUSION: This regimen of @entity900 , @entity136 , and @entity1260 is not feasible for weekly administration because of @entity1503 . Nevertheless, there was promising activity with only two doses per 28-day cycle. On the basis of these results, we have initiated a phase II trial of this combination given as a single dose every 14 days in @entity1 with untreated, metastatic @entity189 .

title: @entity900 , @entity136 , and @entity1260 as weekly therapy: a feasibility and phase II study of salvage treatment for advanced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['urothelial carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['hematologic toxicity']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity1606 :: ('MESH:D002295', 'Disease') :: ['transitional-cell carcinoma', 'TCC']

entities_list: @entity1260 :: ('MESH:D007069', 'Chemical') :: ['ifosfamide']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['gemcitabine']

answer: @entity1606 :: (MESH:D002295,Disease) :: ['transitional-cell carcinoma']


abstract: PURPOSE: T cells can be genetically modified to express an anti- @entity1075 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR). We assessed the safety and efficacy of administering autologous anti- @entity1075 @entity1619 cells to @entity1 with advanced @entity1075 (+) B-cell @entity5 . @entity1 AND METHODS: We treated 15 @entity1 with advanced B-cell @entity5 . Nine @entity1 had @entity1892 ( @entity1892 ), two had @entity706 , and four had @entity1072 . @entity1 received a conditioning chemotherapy regimen of @entity786 and @entity3118 followed by a single infusion of anti- @entity1075 @entity1619 cells. RESULTS: Of 15 @entity1 , eight achieved complete remissions (CRs), four achieved partial remissions, one had stable @entity706 , and two were not evaluable for response. CRs were obtained by four of seven evaluable @entity1 with chemotherapy-refractory @entity1892 ; three of these four CRs are ongoing, with durations ranging from 9 to 22 months. Acute @entity137 including fever, @entity551 , @entity933 , and other @entity137 occurred in some @entity1 after infusion of anti- @entity1075 @entity1619 cells; these @entity137 resolved within 3 weeks after cell infusion. One @entity1 died suddenly as a result of an unknown cause 16 days after cell infusion. @entity1619 cells were detected in the blood of @entity1 at peak levels, ranging from nine to 777 CAR-positive T cells/ L. CONCLUSION: This is the first report to our knowledge of successful treatment of @entity1892 with anti- @entity1075 @entity1619 cells. These results demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of treating chemotherapy-refractory B-cell @entity5 with anti- @entity1075 @entity1619 cells. The numerous remissions obtained provide strong support for further development of this approach.

title: Chemotherapy-refractory @entity1892 and indolent B-cell XXXX can be effectively treated with autologous T cells expressing an anti- @entity1075 chimeric antigen receptor.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['neurologic toxicities', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma', 'indolent lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancies']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity1072 :: ('MESH:D015451', 'Disease') :: ['chronic lymphocytic leukemia']

entities_list: @entity3118 :: ('MESH:C024352', 'Chemical') :: ['fludarabine']

entities_list: @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ['DLBCL', 'diffuse large B-cell lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity933 :: ('MESH:D003693', 'Disease') :: ['delirium']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['malignancies']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence of @entity2314 and @entity10153 gene mutations in young @entity1 with @entity385 . METHODS: A total of 269 consecutive hospitalized @entity1 of @entity385 , aged between 18-55 years, were recruited. DNA was extracted from peripheral blood. And 7 exons and flanking introns of a-galactosidase gene ( @entity10153 ) were sequenced. RESULTS: The cases were @entity385 (n = 239, 88.8%) transient @entity63 attack and posterior circulation @entity63 (n = 30, 11.2%). There were 216 males and 53 females with a mean age of 44    8years.Large artery @entity731 was predominant at 55.4% according to the TOAST classifications. Among them, there were @entity56748 point mutation (n = 12) and @entity59534 mutation (n = 20). These two sites were located in the 5 'end of non-untranslated region in exon 1. Both loci were polymorphic loci.No disease-causing mutations were detected. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of @entity2314 in young @entity64 @entity1 is not high as in Western countries;there has some difference in TOAST types between @entity1 with @entity59534 mutation and without, further studies are needed to testing the significance.

title: [Prevalence of XXXX in young adults and @entity2314 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia', 'ischemic']

entities_list: @entity2314 :: ('MESH:D000795', 'Disease') :: ['Fabry disease']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke', 'cerebral infarction']

answer: @entity385 :: (MESH:D002544,Disease) :: ['ischemic stroke']


abstract: The efficacy of surgical left ventricular restoration (LVR) for the @entity1 with @entity296 was denied by the surgical treatments for @entity712 (STICH) trial. But the conclusion of the STICH trial is wrong and real message of the STICH trial is as follows. LVR is not effective procedure for the @entity1 with poor left ventricular function and small @entity5988 . In the STICH trial, volume reduction rate of the @entity1 with LVR is too little. Based on the low of Laplace, little volume reduction rate do not contribute the improvement of the ventricular function. In our 33 cases of LVR, the survival rates at 5, 7, and 10 years after LVR were 80%, 76% and 76%. On the other hand, the corresponding cardiac event-free rates were 55%. 44%, and 44%. These discrepancies of the value suggest the importance of both the preoperative strategy and the intensive therapy during the postoperative period. We observed some cases that re-enlarged left ventricle after LVR induced @entity712 or @entity943 . The timing of operation, left ventricular reconstruction of appropriate size and shape considering the function of residual myocardium has significant effect on prognosis. Postoperative @entity1165 ( @entity1165 ) was the major factor influenced the survival rate. After preoperative or intraoperative three-dimensional electrical mapping by CARTO system to detect focus of @entity1165 , endocardiectomy combined with cryoablation at the @entity1165 focus is performed and postoperative antiarrhythmic medication is added routinely. If LVR will be performed after appreciation of its concept, indication and method, excellent long term prognosis will be expected.

title: [Efficacy of surgical left ventricular restoration for the XXXX with @entity296 ; comparison with the surgical treatments for @entity712 (STICH) trial].

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic heart failure', 'heart failure']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity5988 :: ('MESH:C565277', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular dilatation']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['VT', 'ventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular arrhythmia']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Mutations in the @entity14416 gene on chromosome 5 q 31 are known to cause four distinct @entity74 of the @entity1 @entity267 : Reis-B  cklers, granular, lattice, and Avellino @entity3985 . Mutation of arginin to @entity3264 in codon 555 ( @entity14667 ) in @entity14416 was recently reported in four blood-related @entity1 with Reis-B  cklers @entity3985 . CASE: A 42 year-old female has had @entity3917 with decreasing vision since the age of 20 years. Her corrected visual acuity was 0.5 in both eyes. She showed @entity231 in both corneas characteristic of Reis-B  cklers @entity3985 . METHOD: The DNA was extracted from leukocytes according to standard protocols. The @entity14416 gene was examined for a mutation by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and direct sequencing. FINDINGS: We identified @entity14416 mutation @entity14667 . The @entity1 's two @entity1 and 50 controls did not show missense mutation. CONCLUSION: @entity14416 mutation @entity14667 was present in a Japanese @entity1 with Reis-B  cklers @entity3985 .

title: [ XXXX mutation ( @entity14667 ) in a case of Reis-B  cklers @entity3985 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'human', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['subepithelial opacities']

entities_list: @entity14416 :: ('7045', 'Gene') :: ['kerato-epithelin', 'keratoepithelin', 'Kerato-epithelin']

entities_list: @entity3985 :: ('MESH:D003317', 'Disease') :: ['corneal dystrophy']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['autosomal dominant diseases']

entities_list: @entity3917 :: ('MESH:D020795', 'Disease') :: ['photophobia']

answer: @entity14416 :: (7045,Gene) :: ['Kerato-epithelin']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: In the Netherlands, a physician-staffed @entity341 ( @entity341 ), called the @entity6679 ( @entity6679 ), provides prehospital care for severely injured @entity1 in addition to ambulance services. This @entity6679 has proven to increase chances of survival and reduce morbidity. @entity6679 dispatch is performed following certain dispatch criteria. The goal of this study was to analyze actual dispatch rates and assess the protocol adherence of the emergency dispatchers in Rotterdam regarding @entity6679 dispatch. METHODS: All high priority ambulance runs between April 1 and July 1, 2003, were prospectively documented and cross-referenced to dispatch criteria. It was determined whether the emergency call warranted either immediate dispatch of the @entity6679 or a secondary dispatch after arrival of the first ambulance. When dispatch actually occurred, this was also documented. RESULTS: In The Studied Period A Total Of 5765 A1 Ambulance Runs During Daylight Were Documented. Of These, 1148 Runs Met Primary Dispatch Criteria And 38 Runs Met Secondary Dispatch Criteria. Actual Hmmt Dispatch Occured In 162/1186 (14%) Cases. CONCLUSIONS: @entity341 dispatch rates and dispatch criteria adherence are low (14%). Better protocol adherence by emergency dispatchers could lead to a sevenfold increase of @entity6679 dispatches. The reasons for suboptimal protocol adherence remain unclear and persist, despite proven value of the @entity6679 in reducing @entity1 mortality and morbidity.

title: Physician-staffed XXXX dispatch in the Netherlands: Adequate deployment or minimal utilization?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity6679 :: ('MESH:D014086', 'Disease') :: ['HMMT', 'Helicopter Mobile Medical Team']

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['HEMS', 'helicopter emergency medical system']

answer: @entity341 :: (MESH:D004630,Disease) :: ['HEMS']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the use of @entity1443 ( @entity1443 ), @entity117 and @entity10964 ( @entity10964 ) in a multicenter study. @entity1 AND METHOD: We analyzed the controls of a hospital-based case-control study (n = 1029) of @entity150 using a matrix of drugs and active principles. The admission diagnosis of the study controls was not associated with chronic analgesic use. A logistic regression model was used. RESULTS: Eight percent of the controls were regular users of @entity117 , 5% regularly used @entity1443 and 2% regularly used @entity10964 . @entity117 was more frequently used by subjects with at least secondary education (OR = 2.0; 95% CI, 1.52-2.93). @entity1 more frequently used @entity1443 (OR = 1.91; 95% CI, 1.30-2.80) and @entity10964 (OR = 2.80; 95% CI, 1.49-4.47). Subjects under 65 years old more frequently used @entity10964 . CONCLUSION: Chronic use of @entity117 and @entity1443 is lower than that reported in North America or northern Europe and is similar to that seen in southern Europe. Differences in the pattern of analgesic use were found among sociodemographic population groups.

title: [Use of analgesics and XXXX in a Spanish multicenter study].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Women', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity10964 :: ('MESH:D004177', 'Chemical') :: ['metamizol', 'dipyrone']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['Aspirin', 'aspirin']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder cancer']

entities_list: @entity1443 :: ('MESH:D000082', 'Chemical') :: ['paracetamol', 'acetaminophen']

answer: @entity117 :: (MESH:D001241,Chemical) :: ['aspirin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The assessment of rehabilitation efficacy in @entity1566 ( @entity1566 ) should be based on a combination of neurological and functional outcome measures. The Spinal Cord Independence Measure II (SCIM II) is an independence scale that was specifically developed for subjects with @entity1566 . However, little is known about the changes in SCIM II scores during and after rehabilitation. OBJECTIVE: The aims of this study were to evaluate changes in functional recovery during the first year after a complete @entity1566 as measured by the SCIM II compared with neurological recovery (motor scores according to the American @entity3510 Association [ASIA]). METHODS: SCIM II data and ASIA motor scores at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after injury (derived from the database of the European Multicenter Study of @entity1 @entity1566 ) of 64 @entity1 with complete @entity451 and 36 @entity1 with complete @entity1688 were analyzed. RESULTS: In @entity1 with complete @entity451 , the SCIM II total score improved significantly during the 1-year follow-up, even after discharge from rehabilitation. In contrast, the ASIA motor scores showed little recovery. In @entity1 with @entity1688 , functional and motor recovery developed in parallel during rehabilitation and after discharge. CONCLUSIONS: The SCIM II is responsive to functional changes in @entity1 with a persistent motor complete @entity1566 . It is clinically useful for monitoring functional improvement during rehabilitation and after discharge. The SCIM II and the clinical examination based on the ASIA protocol are of complementary value and separately describe changes in independence and sensorimotor deficits in @entity1566 @entity1 .

title: Changes in activity after a complete XXXX as measured by the Spinal Cord Independence Measure II (SCIM II).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Human']

entities_list: @entity1688 :: ('MESH:D011782', 'Disease') :: ['quadriplegia']

entities_list: @entity3510 :: ('MESH:D013124', 'Disease') :: ['Spinal Injury']

entities_list: @entity1566 :: ('MESH:D013119', 'Disease') :: ['Spinal Cord Injury', 'spinal cord injury', 'SCI']

entities_list: @entity451 :: ('MESH:C536857', 'Disease') :: ['paraplegia']

answer: @entity1566 :: (MESH:D013119,Disease) :: ['spinal cord injury']


abstract: PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to compare surgical treatment options for young @entity1 with @entity625 . METHODS: A systematic review of the English-language literature was conducted by searching PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus with the following term: "(shoulder OR glenohumeral) AND ( @entity625 OR @entity571 ) AND (young OR younger)." Studies that reported clinical or radiological outcomes of nonbiologic surgical treatment of generalized @entity625 in @entity1 younger than 60 years of age were included. Data were extracted to include study and @entity1 characteristics, surgical technique, outcome scores, @entity158 relief, satisfaction, functional improvement, return to activity, health-related quality of life, complications, need for and time to revision, range of motion, and radiological outcomes. Study quality was assessed with the Modified Coleman Methodology Score. RESULTS: Thirty-two studies containing a total of 1,229 shoulders met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. @entity158 scores improved significantly more after @entity348 ( @entity348 ) than after hemiarthroplasty (HA) (P < .001). @entity1 satisfaction was similar after HA and @entity348 . Revision surgery was equally likely after HA, @entity348 , and arthroscopic debridement (AD). Complications were significantly less common after AD than after HA (P  = .0049) and @entity348 (P < .001). AD and @entity348 afforded better recovery of active forward flexion and external rotation than did HA. At radiological follow-up, subluxation was similarly common after HA and @entity348 . CONCLUSIONS: According to current Level IV data, @entity348 provides greater improvement of @entity158 and range of motion than does HA in the surgical treatment of young @entity1 with @entity625 . AD is an efficacious and particularly safe alternative in the short term for young @entity1 with concerns about arthroplasty. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level IV, systematic review of Level IV studies.

title: Surgical Treatment Options for @entity625 in Young XXXX : A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['glenohumeral arthritis', 'arthritis']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity348 :: ('MESH:C535338', 'Disease') :: ['total shoulder arthroplasty', 'TSA']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The FAO has recommended replacing the protein digestibility-corrected @entity535 score (PDCAAS) with the digestible indispensable @entity535 score (DIAAS). OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to compare aspects underlying the calculation of the DIAAS and PDCAAS, including 1) fecal digestibility vs. ileal digestibility, 2) using a single @entity1568 digestibility value for all @entity1522 , and 3) the effect of truncation. Truncated PDCAAS and untruncated DIAAS values calculated as formally defined were also compared and DIAAS data presented for 14 dietary protein sources. METHODS: Semisynthetic @entity3505 starch-based diets were formulated to contain the test protein (as consumed by @entity1 ) source (whey- and soy-protein isolates, milk-, whey-, @entity579 - and @entity3587 - protein concentrates, cooked @entity11297 , roasted peanuts, cooked @entity3587 , @entity4336 -based breakfast cereal, cooked @entity579 , cooked rolled oats, and @entity3505 bran) as the sole @entity1568 source and with an indigestible marker ( @entity6701 ). Growing male @entity35 (   250 g bodyweight) were given a basal casein-based diet from day 1 to day 7 and then allocated (n = 6) to the test diets for day 8 to day 14 before ileal digesta were collected after the @entity35 were killed. Total feces were collected from day 11 to day 14. RESULTS: True fecal @entity1568 digestibility was different (P < 0.05; 10% difference on average) from true ileal @entity1568 digestibility for 11 of the 14 protein sources. True ileal @entity1568 digestibility was different (P < 0.05) from true ileal @entity535 digestibility for almost half of the indispensable and conditionally indispensable @entity1522 (differences ranged from 0.9% to 400%). DIAAS values ranged from 0.01 for a @entity4336 -based cereal to 1.18 for milk protein concentrate. CONCLUSION: Untruncated PDCAAS values were generally higher than a DIAAS values, especially for the poorer quality proteins; therefore, the reported differences in the scores are of potential practical importance for populations in which dietary protein intake may be marginal.

title: Protein digestibility-corrected @entity535 scores and digestible indispensable @entity535 scores differentially describe protein quality in growing male XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity6701 :: ('MESH:C009495', 'Chemical') :: ['titanium dioxide']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: Relationship between adipose tissue and @entity1560 , and its possible evolution in @entity82 , is supported by clinical and research experience. Given the multifactorial pathogenesis of @entity1561 ( @entity1561 ), treatments for various contributory risk factors have been proposed; however, there is no single validated therapy or drug association recommended for all cases which can stand alone. Mechanisms, diagnostics, prevention and treatment of @entity28 , @entity1560 and insulin resistance are displayed along with recommendations and position points. Evidences and practice can get sustainable and cost-benefit valuable outcomes by participatory interventions. These recommendations can be enhanced by comprehensive research projects, addressed to societal issues and innovation, market appeal and industry development, cultural acceptance and sustainability. The basis of participatory medicine is a greater widespread awareness of a condition which is both a disease and an easy documented and inclusive clue for associated diseases and unhealthy lifestyle. This model is suitable for addressing prevention and useful for monitoring improvement, worsening and adherence with non-invasive imaging tools which allow targeted approaches. The latter include health psychology and nutritional and physical exercise prescription expertise disseminated by continuous medical education but, more important, by concrete curricula for training undergraduate and postgraduate students. It is possible and recommended to do it by early formal teaching of ultrasound imaging procedures and of practical lifestyle intervention strategies, including approaches aimed to healthier fashion suggestions. Guidelines and requirements of research project funding calls should be addressed also to @entity1561 and allied conditions and should encompass the goal of training by research and the inclusion of participatory medicine topics. A deeper awareness of ethics of competences in health professionals and the articulation of knowledge, expertise and skills of medical doctors, dieticians, health psychologists and sport and physical exercise graduates are the necessary strategy for detectin a suboptimal health status and achieving realistically beneficial lifestyle changes. "The devil has put a penalty on all things we enjoy in life. Either we suffer in health or we suffer in soul or we get fat" (Albert Einstein); the task of medical research and intervention is to make possible to enjoy life also without things that make sufferance in health and souls and which excessively increase body fat.

title: 4Ps medicine of the @entity1560 : the research model of predictive, preventive, personalized and participatory medicine-recommendations for facing XXXX , @entity1560 and @entity82 epidemics.

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity1560 :: ('MESH:D005234', 'Disease') :: ['fatty liver']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity1561 :: ('MESH:D065626', 'Disease') :: ['non-alcoholic fatty liver disease', 'NAFLD']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obesity']


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective clinical study. PURPOSE: To evaluate the effectiveness and feasibility of combined anterior-posterior fixation and fusion for the treatment of completely dislocated @entity174 . SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: A completely dislocated @entity174 describes the complete anterior displacement of the C2 vertebral body onto the C3 body. This type of @entity174 is exceptionally unstable, and for which the management is challenging. Specific treatment strategies need to be further clarified. METHODS: From January 2003 to January 2012, 11 @entity1 with completely dislocated @entity174 underwent combined anterior-posterior fixation and fusion at our institution; an anterior-posterior approach was used in nine @entity1 , and an anterior-posterior-anterior approach was used in two @entity1 . The operative time, hospital duration, neurologic improvement, fusion rate, and complications were assessed. RESULTS: The operation times of the two anterior-posterior-anterior surgeries (165 and 210 min) were longer than the anterior-posterior approach surgeries (mean, 133 min; range: 110-155 min). The average hospital duration was 8.5 days (range: 7.0-13.0 d). @entity86 and solid fusion were achieved in all @entity1 . Neurologic status was significantly improved, as the mean Japanese Orthopedic Association score significantly increased from a preoperative score of 8.9  1.7 to 14.6  1.6 at the final follow-up (P<0.01). The mean neurologic recovery rate was 51%. Moderate postoperative neck @entity158 occurred in two @entity1 , which was relieved after 2 months of conservative treatment with oral @entity12698 . The mean visual analogue scale @entity158 score was 1.4  0.8 at the last assessment. Hoarseness was found after surgery in one @entity1 who recovered one month later without any treatment. No graft- or plate-related complications occurred during the entire follow-up period. CONCLUSION: Combined anterior-posterior fixation and fusion is an effective and safe treatment for completely dislocated @entity174 .

title: Combined Anterior-posterior Fixation and Fusion for Completely Dislocated XXXX : A Retrospective Analysis of 11 Cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity12698 :: ('MESH:C105934', 'Chemical') :: ['celecoxib']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ["hangman's fracture", 'fracture']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative reduction']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['Hangman's Fracture']


abstract: We found that susceptibility to @entity19 @entity99 Virus, type 3 (MHV3)-induced @entity912 is controlled by genes of the H-2 complex. In this article, we compared MHV3 antigen specific cellular reactions, in congenic @entity19 harbouring different H-2 genes (or gene). In a first set of experiments, @entity912 susceptible (B10.A x A/J)F1, partly susceptible (B10.AQR x A/J)F1 and resistant (B10.Q x A/J)F1 hybrids were infected with live MHV3. Three weeks or more @entity17647 (p. i.), the spleens and @entity298 ( @entity298 ) cells from the @entity19 were put into culture. Killed MHV3 was added to cultures, and antigen specific lymphokine production and utilization were measured: @entity5003 production by @entity298 cells after 24 hr in culture, @entity2047 production by splenocytes after 24 hr in culture, @entity2047 utilization (as appraised by splenocyte proliferation) after 96 hr in culture. No clearcut difference, resulting from @entity74 , could be observed in the antigen-specific responses. In a second set of experiments, @entity19 were primed with ultra-violet radiation killed MHV3. In that case, increases of @entity5003 production by @entity298 cells, of @entity2047 production by splenocytes and splenocyte proliferation were always observed, compared to @entity298 cells and splenocytes from non-primed (control) donor @entity19 . However, in latter case, addition of MHV3 antigen to cultures did not result in augmentation of antigen specific @entity2047 production and utilization. Here again, no genetic effect was observed. We conclude from these results that MHV3 infection elicited strong lymphokine responses, but that antigen-specific @entity5003 and @entity2047 production did not correlate with the susceptibility to MHV3-induced @entity912 .

title: Lymphokine release as measurement of anti-mouse @entity99 virus type 3 (MHV3) cellular reactions in various XXXX lines exhibiting differential susceptibilities to MHV3-induced @entity912 .

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['peritoneal exudate', 'PE']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['genetic disparity']

entities_list: @entity17647 :: ('MESH:C566214', 'Disease') :: ['post-infection']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['Hepatitis']

entities_list: @entity912 :: ('MESH:D010243', 'Disease') :: ['paralysis']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: Background. The effect of @entity5735 ( @entity5735 ) inhibitors on the regression of @entity1004 remains largely unknown. The present study aimed to clarify whether @entity12350 , @entity5735 inhibitor, could regress carotid @entity121 ( @entity121 ) in insulin-treated @entity1 with @entity6 ( @entity6 ). Methods. This is an exploratory analysis of a randomized trial in which we investigated the effect of @entity12350 on the progression of @entity1004 in insulin-treated @entity1 with @entity6 . Here, we compared the efficacy of @entity12350 treatment on the number of @entity1 who showed regression of @entity1004 of >= 0.10   mm in a post hoc analysis. Results. The percentages of the number of the @entity1 who showed regression of mean- @entity121 -CCA (28.9% in the @entity12350 group versus 16.4% in the conventional group, P   =   0.022) and left max- @entity121 -CCA (43.0% in the @entity12350 group versus 26.2% in the conventional group, P   =   0.007), but not right max- @entity121 -CCA, were higher in the @entity12350 treatment group compared with those in the non- @entity5735 inhibitor treatment group. In multiple logistic regression analysis, @entity12350 treatment significantly achieved higher target attainment of mean- @entity121 -CCA >= 0.10   mm and right and left max- @entity121 -CCA >= 0.10   mm compared to conventional treatment. Conclusions. Our data suggested that @entity5735 inhibitors were associated with the regression of @entity2998 in insulin-treated @entity6 @entity1 . This study has been registered with the University Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN000007396).

title: The Effect of @entity12350 on the Regression of Carotid Intima-Media Thickening in @entity1 with @entity6 : A Post Hoc Analysis of the XXXX Preventive Study of Intima-Media Thickness Evaluation.

entities_list: @entity1004 :: ('MESH:C563733', 'Disease') :: ['carotid IMT']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5735 :: ('1803', 'Gene') :: ['dipeptidyl peptidase-4', 'DPP-4']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['T2DM', 'type 2 diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity2998 :: ('MESH:D002340', 'Disease') :: ['carotid atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity12350 :: ('MESH:C496398', 'Chemical') :: ['sitagliptin']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['IMT', 'intima-media thickness']

answer: @entity12350 :: (MESH:C496398,Chemical) :: ['Sitagliptin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: An important goal of stem cell research in orthopaedics is to develop clinically relevant techniques that could be applied to heal cartilage or joint pathology. Stem cell treatment in orthopaedics for joint pathology is promising since these cells have the ability to modulate different processes in the various tissues of the joint simultaneously. The non life-threatening nature of musculoskeletal system disorders makes safety of stem cell therapy a necessary prerequisite. OBJECTIVE: To systematically review the literature and provide an overview of reported adverse events (AEs) of intra-articular treatment with culture-expanded stem cells in @entity1 . DESIGN: A systematic literature search was performed in Pubmed, EMBASE, Web of Science and CINAHL in February 2013. AEs were reported into three categories: local/systemic, serious adverse event or AE (SAE/AE), related/unrelated. RESULTS: 3039 Potentially eligible articles were identified of which eventually eight fulfilled our inclusion criteria. In total, 844 procedures with a mean follow-up of 21 months were analysed. Autologous bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) were used for cartilage repair and @entity571 treatment in all included studies. Four SAEs were reported by the authors. One @entity281 following bone @entity236 (BMA) was reported as probably related and resolved with antibiotics. One @entity1151 occurred 2 weeks after BMA and was reported as possibly related. Two @entity5 , both not at the site of injection, were reported as unrelated. Twenty-two other cases of possible procedure-related and seven of possible stem cell-product related adverse events (AEs) were documented. The main AEs related to the procedure were @entity158 after BMA. @entity158 and swelling was the only AE reported as related to the stem cell-product. CONCLUSIONS: Based on current literature review we conclude that application of cultured stem cells in joints appears to be safe. We believe that with continuous caution for potential side effects, it is reasonable to continue with the development of articular stem cell therapies.

title: Safety of intra-articular cell-therapy with culture-expanded stem cells in XXXX : a systematic literature review.

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary embolism']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['Increased pain', 'increased pain/swelling and dehydration']

entities_list: @entity236 :: ('MESH:D001855', 'Disease') :: ['marrow aspiration']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['humans']


abstract: We have studied the efficacy of bevacizumab in @entity14 with unresectable @entity3 @entity1 who had undergone resection of @entity5 . The @entity1 with unresectable @entity3 during diagnosis who had undergone resection of @entity5 without chemotherapy and the @entity1 without resection of @entity5 were included. Among @entity1 who had met the inclusion criteria, 46 @entity1 with resection of @entity5 and 47 without resection of @entity5 were included in the study. A total of 93 unresectable metastatic @entity14 @entity1 were included in the study. Median PFS was 9  months (95  % CI 7.37-10.62) in @entity1 with resected @entity5 and bevacizumab containing first-line chemotherapy combination. Median PFS was 10  months (95  % CI 8.06-11.93) in @entity1 without bevacizumab (P  =  0.66) Median @entity3012 was 25  months (95  % CI 17.92-32.07) in @entity1 with resected @entity5 and bevacizumab containing first-line chemotherapy combination. Median @entity3012 was 16  months (95  % CI 9.71-22.28) in @entity1 without bevacizumab (P  =  0.36) Median @entity3012 was 16  months (95  % CI 13.06-8.939) in @entity1 without resected @entity5 and bevacizumab containing first-line chemotherapy combination. Median @entity3012 was 9  months (95  % CI 1.48-16.51) in @entity1 without bevacizumab (P  =  0.012). Bevacizumab seems ineffective in mCRC @entity1 with resected @entity5 . An increase in number of retrospective literature data and randomized, prospective studies is required about this subject.

title: Impact of bevacizumab on survival outcomes in @entity5 resected metastatic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['primary tumor']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Robotic total mesorectal excision (RTME) for @entity5 has recently been increasingly used; technical feasibility and short-term outcomes have been reported in detail. Few studies have presented clinical efficacy and mid-term outcomes for a large sample size. The aim of this study is to present oncologic efficacy and mid-term outcomes of robotic total mesorectal excision for @entity5 and to provide our experiences regarding these surgically challenging issues. METHODS: Three hundred ninety-two @entity1 received RTME between March 2010 and June 2015. @entity1 characteristics, perioperative clinical results, complications, pathologic details, recurrence, and mid-term outcomes were evaluated. RESULTS: Duration of surgery ranged from 80 to 388 min (median 224 min). There were no @entity204 during surgery and no anesthesiology complications in our series. The conversion rate was 1.1% (4/392). The postoperative complication rate was 10.2%; @entity254 leakage was the most common complication with an incidence of 4.1% (16/392). The median @entity190 was 67.5  34.3 (20-600). The mean postoperative hospital stay was 12.1  6.1 (6-64). Circumferential resection margins were negative in 387 out of 392 cases (98.7%). The mean number of harvested lymph nodes was 14.6. Two @entity204 occurred during 30-day mortality. At a mean follow-up of 24  months (range 3-66  months), there were 35 @entity204 . CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that RTME is technically feasible for @entity5 and can yield good short- and mid-term oncologic outcomes.

title: Robotic Total Mesorectal Excision for XXXX : A Series of 392 Cases and Mid-Term Outcomes from A Single Center in China.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['rectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Rectal Cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Serological markers for @entity29 ( @entity29 ), including anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) and anti- @entity375 cerevisiae antibody (ASCA), have a high specificity and positive predictive value in diagnosing @entity29 . However, neither indication nor use in clinical practice has been clearly established. This study aimed to determine the clinical impact of ANCA/ASCA testing by evaluating how these tests were used in an academic referral center. METHODS: Retrospective chart review to classify the indications for testing and effect on diagnosis or management. RESULTS: Seventy-six @entity1 had serological tests for @entity29 . Indications included differentiating @entity31 ( @entity31 ) from @entity30 ( @entity30 ) in established @entity1 with @entity29 (13%); establishing a diagnosis in @entity1 with atypical signs of @entity32 as detected by endoscopy, histology, or radiology (50%); evaluation of chronic @entity294 (22%); evaluation of a family history of @entity29 (4%); and differentiating @entity5042 from @entity30 (4%). Review of the subsequent course indicated that serologic testing had an important role in diagnosis in 28% of @entity1 , a supportive role in 26%, and was not helpful in 46%. Serologic testing clarified the clinical presentation in 61% of those presenting with atypical inflammatory changes. It proved valuable in establishing a diagnosis of @entity31 or @entity30 in a subset of middle-aged @entity1 with inflammatory changes in the sigmoid colon. For @entity1 with chronic @entity294 , the yield was lower: 36% had a significant effect on diagnosis, but test results changed immediate treatment in only 1 (6%). In @entity1 being considered for operative management (n = 8), serologic testing was valuable in clarifying the diagnosis in 75% of @entity1 and had an impact on the operative plan in 62% of @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Serological testing for ANCA/ASCA may have a significant role in the diagnosis and treatment in individuals presenting with sigmoid @entity32 or atypical @entity32 but was less useful in those with chronic @entity294 .

title: Clinical indications of the use of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies and anti- @entity375 cerevisiae antibodies in the evaluation of XXXX at an Academic Medical Center.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity5042 :: ('MESH:D019449', 'Disease') :: ['pouchitis']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative colitis', 'UC']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel disease', 'IBD']

entities_list: @entity375 :: ('4932', 'Species') :: ['Saccharomyces']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ['CD', "Crohn's disease"]

answer: @entity29 :: (MESH:D015212,Disease) :: ['inflammatory bowel disease']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The current standard treatment for @entity463 ( @entity463 ) is surgery followed by chemotherapy and external radiation. Even with the standard treatment, the 2year survival rate for @entity463 is less than 20%, making research for alternative treatments necessary. @entity8282 ( @entity8282 ) controls the rate of cellular @entity68 uptake by tuning the amount of @entity68 delivered to the cells to meet metabolic needs. Kawabata et al. (J Biol Chem 1999;274:20826-32) cloned a second @entity8282 molecule known as @entity27471 ( @entity27471 ) in 1999. Multiple experimental studies have documented increased expression of @entity8282 on both proliferating cells and cells that have undergone malignant transformation. Calzolari et al. concluded that @entity27471 is frequently expressed in @entity1 cell lines in 2007 (Blood Cells Mol Dis 2007;39:82-91) and in @entity463 in particular in 2010 (Transl Oncol 2010;3:123-34). In @entity463 , a highly significant correlation (p<0.0001) was found between the expression level of @entity27471 and overall survival, showing that higher levels of @entity27471 expression were associated with an overall longer survival. The data on which of the two @entity69 receptors is the better target is also unclear and should be studied. The @entity69 pathway may be a promising target, but more research should be completed on the antigenicity to discern the viability of it as an immunotherapy target.

title: XXXX receptors and @entity463 : Current findings and potential for treatment.

entities_list: @entity27471 :: ('7036', 'Gene') :: ['TfR2', 'transferrin receptor 2']

entities_list: @entity8282 :: ('7037', 'Gene') :: ['TfR', 'Transferrin receptor 1', 'TfR1']

entities_list: @entity463 :: ('MESH:D005909', 'Disease') :: ['glioblastoma multiforme', 'GBM']

answer: @entity69 :: (7018,Gene) :: ['Transferrin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The development of Charcot changes is known to be associated with a high rate of recurrent ulceration and amputation. Unfortunately, the effect of @entity13144 on quality of life in @entity6 @entity1 has not been systematically studied because of a lack of a disease-specific instrument. The purpose of this study was to develop and test an instrument to evaluate the health-related quality of life of @entity6 . METHODS: Subjects diagnosed with @entity13144 completed a @entity1 self-administered questionnaire, and clinicians completed an accompanying observational survey. The @entity1 self-administered questionnaire was organized into five general sections: demographics, general health, @entity6 , comorbidities, and satisfaction. The scales measured the effect in six health domains: 1) general health, 2) care, 3) worry, 4) sleep, 5) emotion, and 6) physicality. The psychometric properties of the scales were evaluated and the summary scores for the Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) were compared to published norms for other major medical illnesses. RESULTS: Of the 89 enrolled @entity1 , 57 who completed the questionnaire on enrollment returned a second completed form at 3-month followup. Over the 3-month followup period most of the @entity1 showed an improvement in the Eichenholtz staging. The internal consistency of most was moderate to high and, in general, the scale scores were stable over 3 months. However, several of the scales suffered from low-ceiling or high-floor effects. @entity1 with @entity13144 had a much lower physical component score on enrollment than the reported norms for other disease conditions, including @entity6 . CONCLUSIONS: Quality of life represents an important set of outcomes when evaluating the effectiveness of treatment for @entity1 with @entity13144 . This study represents an initial attempt to develop a standardized survey for use with this @entity1 population. Further studies need to be done with larger groups of @entity1 to refine the tool and to begin the validation process. The instrument developed could be used for comparing treatment strategies for @entity13144 .

title: Reliability of AOFAS XXXX foot questionnaire in @entity13144 : stability, internal consistency, and measurable difference.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes', 'diabetic foot disease', 'diabetes-related symptoms']

entities_list: @entity13144 :: ('MESH:D001177', 'Disease') :: ['Charcot arthropathy']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetic']


abstract: @entity955 ( @entity955 ) is the most common @entity943 managed by emergency physicians and there is increasing evidence that selected @entity1 with acute @entity955 can be safely managed in the emergency department without the need for hospital admission. The principles of management are identification and treatment of precipitating or underlying causes, hemodynamic stabilization/rate control, reduction of @entity1031 risk and the conversion/maintenance of sinus rhythm. A strategy of rate or rhythm control should be chosen based on the @entity1 's clinical status, the duration of @entity955 , the experience of the treating physician and the status of anticoagulation. Before either electric or pharmacological cardioversion, anticoagulation should be considered. Most @entity1 should be given heparin or low molecular weight heparin while preparing for cardioversion. All @entity1 should be considered for long-term anticoagulation based on their @entity1031 risk and @entity548 risk from antithrombotic therapy. Following restoration of sinus rhythm, a decision regarding the use of antiarrhyhmic drugs should be made based on the estimated frequency of recurrence and degree of symptoms. In the setting of acute @entity583 , beta-blockers should be administered whenever possible. If beta-blockers are contraindicated, the rate can be slowed with digoxin or @entity2643 . Cardioversion should be performed if the @entity1 is hemodynamically unstable. Class IC antiarrhythmic drugs should not be administered in this setting.

title: Management of @entity955 in the emergency department and following acute XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2643 :: ('MESH:D000638', 'Chemical') :: ['amiodarone']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['thromboembolism', 'thromboembolic']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['Atrial fibrillation', 'AF']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmia']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarction']


abstract: A novel budding purple non- @entity599 bacterium (strain AR2102(T)) was isolated in pure culture from a microbial mat that had developed in brackish-water ponds on the coral rim of the atoll of Rangiroa (Tuamotu Islands, French Polynesia). Single cells of this strain were rod-shaped and motile by means of polar flagella and divided by budding. Their intracellular photosynthetic membranes were of the lamellar type. Bacteriochlorophyll a and carotenoids of the normal @entity50557 series, with @entity50557 as the main carotenoid, were present as photosynthetic pigments. Bacteriochlorophyll a absorption in the infrared portion of the light spectrum exhibited an unusual in vivo absorption peak at 909 nm. The strain grew optimally under photoheterotrophic conditions, but could grow photolithotrophically on @entity8962 or chemo-organotrophically under micro-oxic conditions. Optimal growth occurred in the presence of 1-2 % @entity1219 . Comparative sequence analysis of the 16S rRNA gene placed strain AR2102(T) within the class Alphaproteobacteria, in a cluster with Rhodobium species. Representatives of this cluster form a closely related group of slightly to moderately halotolerant to halophilic, rod-shaped, purple non- @entity599 bacteria that divide by budding. The new isolate exhibited some differences in physiology (no utilization of @entity4313 or @entity3363 ) and genetic characteristics (low relatedness in DNA-DNA hybridization) as well as in its relation to light (differences in absorption wavelengths) from previously described Rhodobium species. Consequently, we propose that strain AR2102(T) (=DSM 17143(T)=ATCC BAA-1145(T)) should be considered as the type strain of a novel species within the genus Rhodobium, Rhodobium pfennigii sp. nov.

title: Rhodobium pfennigii sp. nov., a phototrophic purple non- XXXX bacterium with unusual bacteriochlorophyll a antennae, isolated from a brackish microbial mat on Rangiroa atoll, French Polynesia.

entities_list: @entity8962 :: ('CHEBI:26977', 'Chemical') :: ['thiosulfate']

entities_list: @entity4313 :: ('MESH:D000438', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohols']

entities_list: @entity50557 :: ('MESH:C055255', 'Chemical') :: ['spirilloxanthin']

entities_list: @entity3363 :: ('MESH:D002241', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrates']

answer: @entity599 :: (MESH:D013455,Chemical) :: ['sulfur']


abstract: Twenty-two cases of @entity20866 ( @entity20866 ) of the uterus were examined at the Royal @entity1 's Hospital, Melbourne, within a 22-year period. The mean age of the @entity1 was 46 years (range, 23-66). Nine @entity1 presented with a pelvic mass, nine with abnormal uterine @entity548 , and one with prolapse of the uterus. In three cases, the presenting features were unknown. Surgical exploration confirmed the presence of a uterine mass (mean size, 7.8 cm) which in seven cases extended into the broad ligament. In only 11 cases was involvement of the myometrial vessels obvious on gross examination. However, no extension into the iliac veins or inferior vena cava was found. In seven cases, the @entity5 involved to a minimal degree the immediately adjacent or contiguous myometrial veins, and the diagnosis of @entity20866 was made incidentally on microscropic examination. Of the 16 @entity1 with follow-up (mean, 7.5 years) all are now disease free. Five years after the diagnosis of @entity20866 , one @entity1 (case 10) had a @entity3960 resected. All 22 @entity1 were treated by surgery alone, and to date none have died from disease. Our findings support the benign biologic behavior of @entity20866 even in the presence of @entity3 .

title: Intravenous XXXX : a clinicopathologic study of 22 cases.

entities_list: @entity20866 :: ('MESH:D018231', 'Disease') :: ['IVL', 'intravenous leiomyomatosis']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Women', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3960 :: ('MESH:D018235', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary smooth-muscle tumor']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

answer: @entity20866 :: (MESH:D018231,Disease) :: ['leiomyomatosis of the uterus']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: There is increasing interest in the potential benefits of circuit class training after @entity64 , but its effectiveness is uncertain. Our aim was to systematically review randomized, controlled trials of task-oriented circuit class training on gait and gait-related activities in @entity1 with @entity64 . METHODS: A computer-aided literature search was performed to identify randomized, controlled trials in which the experimental group received task-oriented circuit class training focusing on the lower limb. Studies published up to March 2008 were included. The methodological quality of each study was assessed and studies with the same outcome variable were pooled by calculating the summary effect sizes using fixed or random effects models. RESULTS: Six of the 445 studies screened, comprising 307 @entity1 , were included. Physiotherapy Evidence Database scores ranged from 4 to 8 points with a median of 7.5 points. The meta-analysis demonstrated significant homogeneous summary effect sizes in favor of task-oriented circuit class training for walking distance (0.43; 95% CI, 0.17 to 0.68; P<0.001), gait speed (0.35; 95% CI, 0.08 to 0.62; P=0.012), and a timed up-and-go test (0.26; 95% CI, 0.00 to 0.51; P=0.047). Nonsignificant summary effect sizes in favor of task-oriented circuit class training were found for the step test and balance control. CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis supports the use of task-oriented circuit class training to improve gait and gait-related activities in @entity1 with @entity64 . Further research is needed to investigate the cost-effectiveness and its effects in the subacute phase after @entity64 , taking comorbidity into account, and to investigate how to help @entity1 maintain and improve their physical abilities after their rehabilitation program ends.

title: Effects of task-oriented circuit class training on walking competency after XXXX : a systematic review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'chronic stroke']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['stroke']