abstract: To investigate the role of @entity2902 and @entity3647 chains of @entity2902 ( @entity2902 ) on the activation of granular lymphocytes (GL) in @entity1 with @entity4751 ( @entity4751 ), the cells obtained from 11 @entity4751 @entity1 (belonging to the CD3+ group) were studied for (a) the surface expression and (b) mRNA transcripts of the @entity2902 and @entity3647 @entity2902 after activation with anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody (mAb) or @entity1199 ( @entity1199 ). The effects of mAbs specifically blocking the @entity2902 and @entity3647 @entity2902 on the generation of proliferative and cytotoxic functions were studied following anti-CD3 mAb stimulation. A significant difference was observed in the expression of @entity2902 and @entity3647 antigens on @entity4751 cells under resting conditions: a low number of @entity2902 @entity2902 + (mean 1.2 +/- 0.4%) and high values of @entity3647 @entity2902 + cells (54.9 +/- 7.4%). Accordingly, a barely detectable message for the @entity2902 @entity2902 and a strong signal for the @entity3647 @entity2902 mRNA were demonstrated. Following activation with anti-CD3 or @entity1199 , different patterns of @entity2902 expression were observed. Anti-CD3 mAb induced an increase in the expression of the @entity2902 @entity2902 both at the mRNA and antigen level, whereas the @entity3647 values remained consistently raised. In contrast, @entity1199 induced the expression of @entity2902 @entity2902 mRNA associated with only a slight expression of this antigen. This finding was associated with a decrease in the cell expression of the @entity3647 @entity2902 , whereas the amount of @entity3647 mRNA was unchanged. Both anti-CD3 mAb and @entity1199 induced cell proliferation and @entity137 against the K-562 target cells. Anti- @entity2902 @entity2902 mAb did not affect the cytotoxic activity mediated by anti-CD3, but it markedly inhibited cell proliferation. Anti- @entity3647 mAb did not inhibit either lytic function or cell proliferation mediated by anti-CD3 mAb, suggesting that only the high affinity @entity2902 ( @entity2902 plus @entity3647 ) is involved in anti-CD3 mediated cell activation in @entity4751 @entity1 . This mechanism is different from that responsible for the @entity1199 activation of CD3+ GL in @entity4751 @entity1 , which is achieved through the @entity3647 @entity2902 alone. These results provide new insights into the pathophysiology of proliferating GL in @entity4751 @entity1 and may also contribute to further characterization of the normal CD3+ GL population.

title: Different mechanisms of activation of proliferating CD3+ cells in XXXX with @entity4751 .

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity4751 :: ('MESH:D054066', 'Disease') :: ['LDGL', 'lymphoproliferative disease of granular lymphocytes']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: There are no reports on the effect of anti- @entity56 agents against IgG4-related disease. We herein report a case of IgG4-related @entity4578 that is believed to have regressed due to the administration of anti- @entity56 agents. A 57-year-old @entity1 consulted us because of bilateral @entity4 and induration. She had also been suffering from @entity2023 and @entity56 for 20 years. We performed an incisional biopsy of the lesion. With respect to the pathology, @entity1074 of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue type was strongly suspected. On obtaining consent from the @entity1 , follow-up alone was to be continued without radiation therapy. In addition to the observation of lacrimal gland lesions, the administration of @entity13204 at a dosage of 20 mg/day and 0.01% @entity5935 eye drops twice a day to both eyes was commenced in order to treat both @entity2023 and @entity56 . The lacrimal gland lesion decreased in size over time, becoming predominantly normal 7 years after the commencement of agent administration. We therefore re-examined the blood and pathology specimens. As a result, the serum IgG4 level was found to have increased to 540 mg/dl, while IgG4/IgG was 36.2%. The pathological diagnosis was revised to IgG4-related @entity4578 . The hypotheses of spontaneous remission and/or the effect of @entity13204 administration can be proposed regarding the mechanism by which the lacrimal gland lesion decreased in size. [J Clin Exp Hematop 53(1): 53-56, 2013].

title: A case of IgG4-related XXXX that regressed without systemic steroid administration.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2023 :: ('MESH:D006255', 'Disease') :: ['allergic rhinitis']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['temporal upper eyelid swelling']

entities_list: @entity1074 :: ('MESH:D018442', 'Disease') :: ['extranodal marginal zone lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity5935 :: ('MESH:D001623', 'Chemical') :: ['betamethasone']

entities_list: @entity13204 :: ('MESH:C053090', 'Chemical') :: ['epinastine hydrochloride']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic conjunctivitis', 'allergic']

entities_list: @entity4578 :: ('MESH:D003607', 'Disease') :: ['dacryoadenitis']

answer: @entity4578 :: (MESH:D003607,Disease) :: ['dacryoadenitis']


abstract: We report 11 cases with @entity5 of the thoracic esophagus developing after postoperative irradiation therapy for the @entity0 . Irradiation was done immediately after mastectomy in these cases and the irradiation field included the unilateral or bilateral parasternal region. They received a total dose ranging from 35 Gy to 60 Gy and the dose received to the thoracic esophagus was estimated from 10 Gy to 48 Gy. All @entity5 sites were involved in the irradiation filed. The latent intervals of 10 cases from radiation to the manifest of @entity5 ranged between 10 to 19 years. Among 4777 @entity1 undergone mastectomy for @entity0 between 1946 and 1980 in our hospital, 8 @entity1 (0.17%) developed @entity5 of the thoracic esophagus, whereas 5 (0.335%) out of 1534 @entity1 treated with mastectomy and radiotherapy with Linac between 1964 and 1980 developed @entity5 of the thoracic esophagus. Higher incidence of @entity418 in @entity1 treated with surgery and radiation suggests that these @entity5 might be induced by radiation. Eight @entity1 had esophagectomy and 4 @entity1 of them received postoperative irradiation. They have survived from 9 months to 13 years. Two @entity1 were controlled well by the irradiation alone. It is interesting that radiation therapy is sensitive to the possible radiation induced @entity5 of the thoracic esophagus. Follow up study should be directed to the possible development of second @entity5 in @entity1 who survive for a long time after radiation therapy.

title: [Possible radiation induced @entity5 of the thoracic esophagus after postoperative irradiation in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'cancer', 'malignancy']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity418 :: ('MESH:D004938', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal cancer']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: The aims of this study are to explore the prevalence and the features of @entity14062 ( @entity14062 ) in the young and middle-aged inpatients with @entity64 and to identify predictors of @entity14062 . DESIGN: A cross-sectional survey. METHODS: One hundred fifty-five @entity1 were recruited from the Neural Medical and Neural Comprehensive wards of a comprehensive hospital in Chengdu city from January to April 2013. Data consisted of survey interviews, medical records, and a series of questionnaires a week after the @entity1 ' hospitalization. Relevant statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS 16.0. FINDINGS: We found @entity14062 was a prevalent experience among young and middle-aged inpatients with @entity64 . The exploratory analyses (independent samples t tests or one-way ANOVAs) indicated that significant influencing factors of @entity14062 were marital status, self-care ability, caregivers' health, knowledge of the illness, and monthly income. Moreover, @entity1 ' @entity14062 scores were positively and significantly correlated with @entity148 and @entity308 , but they were negatively and significantly associated with social support and quality of life. A multiple stepwise regression analysis revealed that social support score and knowledge of the illness significantly predicted @entity14062 . CONCLUSIONS: The present study indicates that @entity14062 is a prevalent inner feeling among young and middle-aged inpatients with @entity64 in China and that it is associated with an array of variables, including social support, quality of life, distressful mood, and several demographic characteristics. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The findings of this study may help rehabilitation nurses plan and implement health education, effectively and efficiently use healthcare resources, so as to better care the young and middle-aged @entity64 @entity1 as well as promote their rehabilitation.

title: Self-perceived Burden in the Young and Middle-aged Inpatients with XXXX : A Cross-sectional Survey.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity14062 :: ('MESH:D012652', 'Disease') :: ['SPB', 'self-perceived burden']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['Stroke']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The use of thin single-hole pencil-point (SHPP) spinal needles may be a reason for subarachnoid maldistribution of local anesthetic. A new double-hole pencil-point (DHPP) needle may be preferable because of a theoretic more uniform initial distribution of local anesthetic. METHODS: This was a prospective, double-blinded study of 50 @entity1 randomly selected to have spinal anesthesia using either single-hole 27-gauge (B. Braun, Melsungen, Germany) or double-hole 26-gauge (A.L.B. Medical Inc., U.S.A.) pencil-point needles. The former were inserted with the side port directed caudally and the latter with openings in both caudal and cranial direction. Two milliliters of hyperbaric 0.5% @entity1341 were injected in 1 minute, and sensory and motor block were studied at regular intervals during spinal anesthesia. All @entity1 were interviewed on the first (personal) and the seventh (mailed questionnaire) postoperative day. Furthermore, microscopic inspection of the spinal needles was performed. RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences in sensory or motor block levels between the two needle types at any time during spinal anesthesia. Likewise, there was no difference in the duration of @entity616 . The postanesthetic side effects ( @entity10 , @entity615 , pricking, @entity1183 , @entity425 ) were similar in both groups. Light and electron microscopic examination showed resistance of the SHPP needles to tip damage. On the other hand, the DHPP needle tips seemed to be distorted quite frequently, and, even in unused needles, the tip was blunt and asymmetric. CONCLUSION: There was no difference between the spread of analgesia using either SHPP or DHPP spinal needles. The DHPP needles appear to be vulnerable to tip damage from mechanical contact.

title: Comparison of double-hole and single-hole pencil-point needles for spinal anesthesia with hyperbaric XXXX .

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['weakness']

entities_list: @entity1341 :: ('MESH:D002045', 'Chemical') :: ['bupivacaine']

entities_list: @entity615 :: ('MESH:D001416', 'Disease') :: ['backache']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity616 :: ('MESH:D006327', 'Disease') :: ['spinal block']

answer: @entity1341 :: (MESH:D002045,Chemical) :: ['bupivacaine']


abstract: The enzyme encoded by the @entity42887 synthase (Str) gene catalyses a key step in the biosynthesis of therapeutically valuable @entity59449 . In Catharanthus roseus the Str gene was shown to be regulated by a wide variety of signals including auxin, @entity19086 and fungal elicitors in cell suspension cultures and by tissue-specific control in plant organs. The Str promoter contains a functional G-box (CACGTG) cis-regulatory sequence. In order to understand better the mechanisms involved in the regulation of Str gene expression, we isolated the C. roseus cDNAs encoding G-box binding factors Crgbf1 and Crgbf2. The binding specificity of their protein products CrGBF1 and CrGBF2 was analysed by competitive electrophoresis mobility and saturation binding assays. CrGBF1 had a high binding specificity for class I G-boxes including the Str G-box. CrGBF1 showed a lower affinity for class II G-boxes and for the G-box-like element (AACGTG) found in the @entity2340 decarboxylase (Tdc) gene which encodes another enzyme involved in TIA biosynthesis. CrGBF2 showed a high affinity for all types of G-boxes tested and to a lesser extent for the Tdc G-box-like element. Transient bombardment experiments demonstrated that both CrGBF1 and CrGBF2 can act in vivo as transcriptional repressors of the Str promoter via direct interaction with the G-box. These data indicate that GBFs may play functional role in the regulation of expression of the @entity25164 indole alkaloid biosynthetic gene Str.

title: Catharanthus roseus G-box binding factors 1 and 2 act as repressors of XXXX synthase gene expression in cell cultures.

entities_list: @entity19086 :: ('MESH:C072239', 'Chemical') :: ['methyl jasmonate']

entities_list: @entity42887 :: ('MESH:C021093', 'Chemical') :: ['strictosidine']

entities_list: @entity59449 :: ('MESH:D046948', 'Chemical') :: ['terpenoid indole alkaloids']

entities_list: @entity2340 :: ('CHEBI:27897', 'Chemical') :: ['tryptophan']

entities_list: @entity25164 :: ('CHEBI:26873', 'Chemical') :: ['terpenoid']

answer: @entity42887 :: (MESH:C021093,Chemical) :: ['strictosidine']


abstract: AIMS AND BACKGROUND: To evaluate the adverse events (AEs) of @entity548 caused by bevacizumab/5- @entity1487 / @entity4181 ( @entity1487 /LV) combination chemotherapy with addition of @entity2600 or @entity901 in @entity1 with metastatic @entity14 (mCRC). METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted to evaluate the @entity548 AEs associated with bevacizumab and to explore potential associations between @entity548 and baseline @entity1 characteristics. The National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v4.0 were used to classify the severity of AEs. AEs were divided into five grades: grade 1, mild: intervention not indicated; grade 2, moderate: medical intervention or minor cauterization indicated; grade 3, severe: transfusion, radiological, endoscopic or elective surgical intervention indicated; grade 4, life threatening: urgent intervention indicated; and grade 5, @entity204 . RESULTS: Sixty-two @entity1 were evaluated. Bleeding occurred in 26 (41%) @entity1 ; the incidence of grade 3 @entity548 was 1.6% while no grade 4-5 @entity548 occurred. Grade 1 @entity1415 and grade 2 hemoptysis events were observed in 25.8% and 3.2% of @entity1 , respectively. @entity360 events occurred in 12 (19.4%) @entity1 , one (1.6%) of whom required bevacizumab discontinuation. The incidence of @entity360 was higher in @entity1 with unresected @entity5 , prior @entity548 , and @entity5 response (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: These data provide important information about the incidence of clinically significant @entity548 AEs, including minor  mucocutaneous @entity548 and  major  @entity5 -related @entity548 such as hemoptysis and @entity360 in bevacizumab-treated mCRC @entity1 . In addition, unresected @entity5 , prior @entity548 , and @entity5 response were significant risk factors for @entity360 .

title: Bleeding after bevacizumab treatment in XXXX with metastatic @entity14 .

entities_list: @entity4181 :: ('MESH:D002955', 'Chemical') :: ['leucovorin']

entities_list: @entity901 :: ('MESH:C030110', 'Chemical') :: ['oxaliplatin']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2600 :: ('MESH:C051890', 'Chemical') :: ['irinotecan']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding', 'hemorrhage', 'intestinal bleeding']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'primary tumors', 'primary tumor']

entities_list: @entity1415 :: ('MESH:D004844', 'Disease') :: ['epistaxis']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['Hematochezia', 'hematochezia']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['5-FU', 'fluorouracil']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: @entity64 prevention clinics (SPCs) are not usually involved with the active management of @entity101 , @entity407 , @entity6 , and smoking. The effect of consultations generated at SPCs on the adequacy of the management of these risk factors for @entity64 has not been well described, and few studies have long-term follow-up. METHODS: We performed a prospective study of 119 consecutive @entity1 referred to an SPC for secondary prevention. One year after their baseline visit, @entity1 were re-evaluated for the adequacy of the management of the above risk factors, and the proportion of improvement was assessed. RESULTS: One-hundred twelve @entity1 returned for their 1-year follow-up visit. Sixty-six were male, and the average age was 65 years. @entity101 was present in 83 @entity1 , @entity407 in 92, @entity6 in 26, and smoking in 38, and 80 had multiple risk factors. At baseline, 66% of @entity1 with @entity101 , 17% of @entity1 with @entity407 , and 23% of @entity6 had adequate management of their respective risk factors. During 1 year of follow-up, @entity101 management improved 20% (P<0.001) and lipid management improved 32% (P<0.001). There was no significant improvement in @entity6 management or smoking cessation. CONCLUSIONS: Although our understanding of the benefit of addressing @entity101 , @entity407 , @entity6 , and smoking for secondary prevention of @entity64 is evolving, we found marked room for improvement in the management of these four risk factors. SPCs may need to be more actively involved in the management of these modifiable risk factors, if we are to significantly impact the risk of recurrent @entity64 .

title: How well are @entity101 , @entity407 , XXXX , and smoking managed after a @entity64 or transient ischemic attack?

entities_list: @entity407 :: ('MESH:D006949', 'Disease') :: ['hyperlipidemia']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'Stroke']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'Hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetics', 'diabetes']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The care of the acutely ill @entity1 in hospital is often sub-optimal. Poor recognition of @entity3124 combined with a lack of knowledge, failure to appreciate the clinical urgency of a situation, a lack of supervision, failure to seek advice and poor communication have been identified as contributory factors. At present the training of medical students in these important skills is fragmented. The aim of this study was to use consensus techniques to identify the @entity12740 in the care of acutely ill or arrested adult @entity1 that medical students should possess at the point of graduation. DESIGN: Healthcare professionals were invited to contribute suggestions for competencies to a website as part of a modified Delphi survey. The competency proposals were grouped into themes and rated by a nominal group comprised of physicians, nurses and students from the UK. The nominal group rated the importance of each competency using a 5-point Likert scale. RESULTS: A total of 359 healthcare professionals contributed 2,629 competency suggestions during the Delphi survey. These were reduced to 88 representative themes covering: airway and oxygenation; breathing and ventilation; circulation; @entity911 and @entity772 ; drugs, therapeutics and protocols; clinical examination; monitoring and investigations; team-working, organisation and communication; @entity1 and societal needs; @entity130 ; equipment; pre-hospital care; @entity281 and @entity32 . The nominal group identified 71 essential and 16 optional competencies which students should possess at the point of graduation. CONCLUSIONS: We propose these competencies form a core set for undergraduate training in resuscitation and acute care.

title: The Acute Care Undergraduate TEaching (ACUTE) Initiative: consensus development of XXXX in acute care for undergraduates in the United Kingdom.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity3124 :: ('MESH:D016638', 'Disease') :: ['critical illness']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity911 :: ('MESH:D003221', 'Disease') :: ['confusion']

entities_list: @entity12740 :: ('MESH:D020512', 'Disease') :: ['core competencies']

answer: @entity12740 :: (MESH:D020512,Disease) :: ['core competencies']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Intraductal @entity5 (ITPNs) of the pancreas are rare. The purpose of this study was to collate and analyze published data on ITPNs of the pancreas to determine the clinicopathological features of the @entity5 and the surgical outcomes of @entity1 . @entity1 AND METHODS: We searched MEDLINE and Igakuchuo-Zasshi for the period of 1980 to 2015 for case reports on surgical resection for ITPN of the pancreas. We evaluated the clinicopathological data associated with pancreatic ITPNs, the prognosis for each @entity1 , and surgical outcomes described in the case reports. RESULTS: We obtained clinicopathological data for 58 @entity1 (33 @entity1 and 25 @entity1 ) with a mean age of 61  years (range, 35-84  years) who had undergone surgical resection for ITPN of the pancreas, including one @entity1 from our clinic. Although ITPNs of the pancreas have different clinicopathological features to @entity4929 , the treatment strategy for @entity1 with ITPNs is the same as for @entity1 with other @entity788 . The immunohistochemical features of ITPNs included testing positive for @entity5822 and/or @entity4166 and negative for trypsin, @entity5091 , @entity5089 , and @entity17471 . The overall 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates after surgery for the 37 cases with available data were 97.3, 80.7, and 80.7  %, respectively. CONCLUSION: Surgical treatment is the only curative management option for @entity1 with ITPN of the pancreas. To determine the best management strategy for this @entity5 and improve accuracy of prognosis for @entity1 , we will continue to collect and analyze epidemiological and pathological data.

title: Clinicopathological features and surgical outcomes of XXXX : a systematic review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS', 'men']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['cystic neoplasms of the pancreas']

entities_list: @entity4929 :: ('MESH:C565310', 'Disease') :: ['intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tubulopapillary neoplasms', 'tumors']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['intraductal tubulopapillary neoplasm of the pancreas']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Expression of @entity5689 ( @entity5689 ), a key component of cell surface caveolae, is elevated in @entity263 ( @entity263 ) and associated with @entity263 @entity3 and a poor prognosis for @entity263 @entity1 . @entity11277 ( @entity11277 )/ @entity11277 is a cytoplasmic protein required for @entity5689 -dependent formation of caveolae. Expression of @entity11277 reduces the motility of @entity11620 cells, a @entity263 cell line that endogenously expresses abundant @entity5689 but no @entity11277 and no caveolae, suggesting a role for non-caveolar @entity5689 domains, or @entity5689 scaffolds, in @entity263 cell migration. @entity4149 phosphorylated @entity5689 (pCav1) functions in concert with @entity14813 ( @entity14813 ) and the galectin lattice to stabilize @entity3818 ( @entity3818 ) within focal adhesions (FAs) and promote @entity5 cell motility. However, whether @entity11277 regulation of @entity5689 function in @entity263 cell migration is related to @entity14813 expression and functionality has yet to be determined. Here we show that @entity11277 expression in @entity11620 cells reduces @entity3818 stabilization in focal adhesions and reduces cell motility without affecting pCav1 levels. Exogenous @entity14813 stabilized @entity3818 in focal adhesions of @entity11277 -expressing cells and restored cell motility of @entity11277 -expressing @entity11620 cells to levels of @entity11620 cells in a dose-dependent manner, with an optimal concentration of 2   g/ml. Exogenous @entity14813 stabilized @entity3818 in focal adhesions of @entity14813 knockdown @entity11620 cells but not in @entity5689 knockdown @entity11620 cells. @entity5689 knockdown also prevented @entity14813 rescue of FA-associated @entity3818 stabilization in @entity11277 -expressing @entity11620 cells. Our data support a role for @entity11277 / @entity11277 , through caveolae formation, as an attenuator of the non-caveolar functionality of @entity5689 in @entity14813 - @entity5689 signalling and regulation of focal adhesion dynamics and @entity5 cell migration.

title: @entity14813 Overrides @entity11277 / @entity11277 Reduction of XXXX @entity263 Cell Migration.

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic prostate cancer', 'prostate cancer', 'PCa']

entities_list: @entity11277 :: ('284119', 'Gene') :: ['cavin-1', 'PTRF', 'Polymerase I and Transcript Release Factor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity3818 :: ('5747', 'Gene') :: ['FAK', 'focal adhesion kinase']

answer: @entity11620 :: (5122,Gene) :: ['PC3']


abstract: Gait disturbances, including freezing of gait, are frequent and disabling symptoms of @entity191 . They often respond poorly to dopaminergic treatments. Although recent studies have shed some light on their neural correlates, their modulation by dopaminergic treatment remains quite unknown. Specifically, the influence of levodopa on the networks involved in motor imagery (MI) of @entity191 gait has not been directly studied, comparing the off and on medication states in the same @entity1 . We therefore conducted an [H2 (15) 0] Positron emission tomography study in eight advanced @entity191 @entity1 (mean disease duration: 12.3        3.8 years) presenting with levodopa-responsive gait disorders and @entity6556 , and eight age-matched healthy subjects. All @entity1 performed three tasks (MI of gait, visual imagery and a control task). @entity1 were tested off, after an overnight withdrawal of all antiparkinsonian treatment, and on medication, during consecutive mornings. The order of conditions was counterbalanced between subjects and sessions. Results showed that imagined gait elicited activations within motor and frontal associative areas, thalamus, basal ganglia and cerebellum in controls. Off medication, @entity1 mainly activated premotor-parietal and pontomesencephalic regions. Levodopa increased activation in motor regions, putamen, thalamus, and cerebellum, and reduced premotor-parietal and brainstem involvement. Areas activated when @entity1 are off medication may represent compensatory mechanisms. The recruitment of these accessory circuits has also been reported for @entity3140 in @entity191 , suggesting a partly overlapping pathophysiology between imagined levodopa-responsive gait disorders and @entity2055 . Our results also highlight a possible cerebellar contribution in the pathophysiology of @entity4652 through kinesthetic imagery. Hum Brain Mapp, 2014.    2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Neural substrates of levodopa-responsive gait disorders and freezing in advanced XXXX : A kinesthetic imagery approach.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4652 :: ('MESH:D020734', 'Disease') :: ['parkinsonian gait disorders']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease", 'parkinsonian']

entities_list: @entity3140 :: ('MESH:D038062', 'Disease') :: ['upper-limb movements']

entities_list: @entity2055 :: ('MESH:D001259', 'Disease') :: ['appendicular signs']

answer: @entity191 :: (MESH:D010300,Disease) :: ['Parkinson's disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: Few data exist regarding mechanisms of mucosal CD8+ T-cell reactivity to epithelial-specific antigen. To dissect the immunologic mechanisms underlying CD8+ T-cell dysregulation, reactivity to a self-antigen expressed in intestinal epithelium of @entity19 bearing a major histocompatibility complex class I-restricted T-cell receptor specific for this antigen was studied. In addition, antigen-specific regulatory @entity1961 + T cells induced in vivo were tested to control these autoreactive CD8+ T cells. METHODS: Transgenic VILLIN-HA @entity19 were mated with CL4-TCR @entity19 . Alternatively, adoptive transfer of CL4-TCR transgenic CD8+ T cells into VILLIN-HA @entity19 was performed to mimic spontaneous encounter of neoantigen. Mucosal CD8+ T cells were characterized under different conditions of tolerance, immunopathology, and active immunosuppression. RESULTS: Transgenic CD8+ T cells from VILLIN-HA x CL4-TCR @entity19 preferentially migrated and expanded in mucosal lymphoid tissues. Although transgenic CD8+ T cells showed signs of T-cell activation, they failed to cause tissue damage. This was accompanied by the induction/expansion of @entity1961 + and CD8+, @entity3744 -expressing T cells. In contrast, adoptive transfer of naive transgenic CD8+ T cells from CL4-TCR @entity19 into VILLIN-HA @entity19 induced severe @entity32 with poor clinical course of disease. Transgenic CD8+ T cells secreted vigorous amounts of proinflammatory cytokines like interferon gamma/tumor @entity39 factor alpha. Strikingly, this @entity697 was significantly ameliorated by cotransfer of antigen-specific regulatory @entity1961 + T cells. CONCLUSIONS: Epithelial-specific antigen expression is sufficient to trigger severe antigen-specific CD8+ T-cell-mediated @entity32 ; this might be controlled by antigen-specific regulatory T cells under physiological conditions.

title: Autoimmune-mediated XXXX -impact and regulation of antigen-specific CD8+ T cells.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal inflammation']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute wasting disease']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mice', 'transgenic mice']

answer: @entity32 :: (MESH:D007249,Disease) :: ['intestinal inflammation']


abstract: OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: To evaluate the clinical features of @entity73 and its relationship with the nasal, vestibular, and rheumatologic profile in a cohort of @entity1 with eosinophilic @entity2883 with @entity2883 (EGPA), formerly named @entity12534 . STUDY DESIGN: Prospective cross-sectional study. METHODS: Thirty-nine @entity1 with EGPA, considered controlled according to the Birmingham @entity1333 Activity Score and the @entity1333 Damage Index, underwent a complete audiologic evalutaion with otomicroscopy, impedance audiometry, speech audiometry, and auditory brainstem responses; rhinologic evaluation was made by means of fiberoptic endoscopy and nasal cytology; the clinical evaluation was completed with analysis of the facial function and, in @entity1 with referred vertigo, with videonystagmography (VNG). Data were compared to the rheumatologic profile (eosinophil count, antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies status). RESULTS: Thirty-four of 39 @entity1 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Of those, 18 (52, 8%) were affected by variable degrees of @entity393 ( @entity1274 [ @entity1274 ]) in four cases (11, 8%), mixed sensorineural and conductive @entity393 in two (5, 9%), presbycusis in six (17, 6%), and @entity2346 media with effusion (OME) in six (17, 6%). @entity73 was represented by benign paroxysmal positional vertigo and unspecific dizziness in three (8, 8%) and four cases (11, 8%), respectively, all with normal VNG. Ear involvement was statistically related to the EGPA vasculitic pattern and independent from the nasal impairment, cytology, and duration of nasal symptoms. No @entity3541 was registered. CONCLUSION: In our experience, the largest in the existing literature, the otological involvement in EGPA is common and may occur variably as @entity1274 or OME. Otological involvement occurs early in the course of the disease process, but is nonspecific in making the diagnosis of EGPA. Its recognition is therefore fundamental. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4. Laryngoscope, 126:2792-2797, 2016.

title: Focus on @entity73 in eosinophilic @entity2883 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1333 :: ('MESH:D014657', 'Disease') :: ['Vasculitis']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['Vestibular impairment', 'audiologic impairment']

entities_list: @entity12534 :: ('MESH:D015267', 'Disease') :: ['Churg-Strauss syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1274 :: ('MESH:D006319', 'Disease') :: ['sensorineural hearing loss', 'SNHL']

entities_list: @entity2883 :: ('MESH:D014890', 'Disease') :: ['polyangiitis', 'granulomatosis']

entities_list: @entity3541 :: ('MESH:D005158', 'Disease') :: ['facial palsy']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing loss']

answer: @entity2883 :: (MESH:D014890,Disease) :: ['polyangiitis']


abstract: Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is a major intracellular protein phosphatase that regulates multiple aspects of cell growth and metabolism. Different activities of PP2A and subcellular localization are determined by its regulatory subunits. Here we identified and characterized the functions of two protein phosphatase regulatory subunit homologs, ParA and PabA, in @entity14940 . Our results demonstrate that ParA localizes to the septum site and that deletion of parA causes hyperseptation, while overexpression of parA abolishes septum formation; this suggests that ParA may function as a negative regulator of septation. In comparison, PabA displays a clear colocalization pattern with @entity14939 ( @entity14939 )-stained nuclei, and deletion of pabA induces a remarkable delayed-septation phenotype. Both parA and pabA are required for hyphal growth, conidiation, and self-fertilization, likely to maintain normal levels of PP2A activity. Most interestingly, parA deletion is capable of suppressing septation defects in pabA mutants, suggesting that ParA counteracts PabA during the septation process. In contrast, double mutants of parA and pabA led to synthetic defects in colony growth, indicating that ParA functions synthetically with PabA during hyphal growth. Moreover, unlike the case for @entity43540 and PP2A- @entity10637 in @entity375 (which are negative regulators that inactivate the @entity1613 [ @entity1613 ]), loss of ParA or PabA fails to suppress defects of temperature-sensitive mutants of the SEPH kinase of the @entity1613 . Thus, our findings support the previously unrealized evidence that the B-family subunits of PP2A have comprehensive functions as partners of heterotrimeric enzyme complexes of PP2A, both spatially and temporally, in A. nidulans.

title: Protein Phosphatase 2A (PP2A) Regulatory Subunits ParA and PabA Orchestrate Septation and Conidiation and Are Essential for PP2A Activity in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity14940 :: ('162425', 'Species') :: ['Aspergillus nidulans']

entities_list: @entity1613 :: ('MESH:D011230', 'Disease') :: ['SIN', 'septation initiation network']

entities_list: @entity14939 :: ('MESH:C007293', 'Chemical') :: ["4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole", 'DAPI']

answer: @entity14940 :: (162425,Species) :: ['Aspergillus nidulans']


abstract: PURPOSE: A novel therapeutic approach is urgently needed for @entity1861 -positive @entity981 ( @entity981 ). In this study, we assessed the efficacy and feasibility of chemotherapy combined with @entity2213 . @entity1 AND METHODS: A phase II study of @entity2213 -combined chemotherapy was conducted for newly diagnosed @entity1861 -positive @entity981 in adults. Eighty @entity1 were entered into the trial between September 2002 and January 2005. RESULTS: Remission induction therapy resulted in complete remission (CR) in 77 @entity1 (96.2%), resistant disease in one @entity1 , and @entity204 in two @entity1 , as well as polymerase chain reaction negativity of bone marrow in 71.3%. The profile and incidence of severe @entity137 were not different from those associated with our historic chemotherapy-alone regimen. Relapse occurred in 20 @entity1 after median CR duration of 5.2 months. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT) was performed for 49 @entity1 , 39 of whom underwent transplantation during their first CR. The 1-year event-free and @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) rates were estimated to be 60.0%, and 76.1%, respectively, which were significantly better than those for our historic controls treated with chemotherapy alone (P < .0001 for both). Among the current trial @entity1 , the probability for @entity1349 at 1 year was 73.3% for those who underwent allogeneic HSCT, and 84.8% for those who did not. CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrated that @entity2213 -combined regimen is effective and feasible for newly diagnosed @entity1861 -positive @entity981 . Despite a relatively short period of observation, a major potential of this treatment is recognized. Longer follow-up is required to determine its overall effect on survival.

title: High complete remission rate and promising outcome by combination of XXXX and chemotherapy for newly diagnosed @entity1861 -positive @entity981 : a phase II study by the Japan Adult Leukemia Study Group.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity981 :: ('MESH:D054198', 'Disease') :: ['acute lymphoblastic leukemia', 'ALL']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['early death']

entities_list: @entity2213 :: ('MESH:C097613', 'Chemical') :: ['imatinib']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity2213 :: (MESH:C097613,Chemical) :: ['imatinib']


abstract: Adenovirus (Adv)-mediated herpes simplex virus @entity1014 kinase (adv/tk) gene therapy combined with @entity4540 (GCV) medication is a promising approach for the treatment of @entity11 . However, optimal administration and the effect of possible adjuvant treatments have not been fully examined. In the present study, we examined the efficacy of adv/tk/GCV gene therapy in a syngeneic BT4C @entity35 @entity11 model, either as a single administration or given as three injections during three consecutive days. The effect of combined adv-mediated @entity23142 ( @entity23142 ) and adv/tk gene transfer was also studied. BT4C @entity11 cells were injected into the right corpus callosum of BDIX @entity35 (n=112). Before gene therapy, the presence of @entity5 was verified by MRI. The @entity35 were divided into eight groups as follows: group I (n=20) received a single adv/tk gene transfer (total dose 4x10(8) pfu) and GCV treatment for 14 days; group II (n=5) received the same gene transfer without GCV; group III (n=28) received three adv/tk injections (total dose 4x10(8) pfu) on three consecutive days and GCV for 14 days; group IV (n=5) received three similar adv/tk injections without GCV medication; group V (n=13) received three adv/ @entity23142 injections (total dose 2x10(8) pfu) on three consecutive days and GCV medication; group VI (n=12) received three adv/tk and adv/ @entity23142 (total dose 6x10(8) pfu) injections on three consecutive days followed by GCV medication; and group VII (n=12) the same treatment without GCV. Group VIII (n=17) consisted of wild-type BT4C @entity11 without any treatment. Treatment effect and tissue responses were characterized by general histology, immunohistochemistry, MRI, and survival of the study groups. The best treatment effect and survival was found in @entity35 treated with adv/tk gene transfer once a day for three consecutive days (P<.05). No improvement of the treatment effect was seen after the combined adv/tk and adv/ @entity23142 gene transfer compared with the repeated adv/tk gene transfer. The results show that 20% of the @entity35 can be cured (survival >6 months) after optimized adv/tk gene therapy. It is concluded that repeated intratumoral administration of adv/tk is a promising approach for the treatment of @entity11 in vivo.

title: Adenovirus-mediated herpes simplex virus @entity1014 kinase gene therapy in BT4C XXXX @entity11 model.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['malignant glioma', 'malignant glioma tumors']

entities_list: @entity1014 :: ('MESH:D013936', 'Chemical') :: ['thymidine']

entities_list: @entity23142 :: ('78965(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['macrophage colony-stimulating factor', 'MCSF']

entities_list: @entity4540 :: ('MESH:D015774', 'Chemical') :: ['ganciclovir']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: @entity1024 ( @entity143 ) receptors are major glutamatergic receptors involved in most excitatory neurotransmission in the brain. The transcriptional regulation of @entity143 receptors is not fully understood. Previously, we found that the @entity6806 and @entity13069 subunits of the @entity143 receptor are regulated by nuclear respiratory @entity8876 ( @entity25577 and @entity13791 ). @entity25577 and @entity13791 also regulate all 13 subunits of cytochrome c oxidase (COX), a critical energy-generating enzyme, thereby coupling neuronal activity and energy metabolism at the transcriptional level. Specificity protein (Sp) is a family of transcription factors that bind to GC-rich regions, with @entity3419 , @entity28549 , and @entity35059 all binding to the same cis- motifs. @entity3419 and @entity28549 are ubiquitously expressed, whereas @entity35059 expression is restricted to neurons and testicular cells. Recently, we found that the @entity3419 factor regulates all subunits of COX. The goal of the present study was to test our hypothesis that the Sp factors also regulate specific subunits of @entity143 receptors, and that they function with @entity25577 and @entity13791 via one of three mechanisms: complementary, concurrent and parallel, or a combination of complementary and concurrent/parallel. By means of multiple approaches we found that @entity35059 functionally regulated @entity6806 , @entity11588 , and @entity13069 , but not @entity21413 . On the other hand, @entity3419 and @entity28549 did not regulate these subunits as previously thought. Our data suggest that @entity35059 operates in a complementary and concurrent/parallel manner with @entity25577 and @entity13791 to mediate the tight coupling between energy metabolism and neuronal activity at the molecular level.

title: @entity35059 functionally regulates the transcription of @entity143 receptor subunits @entity6806 , @entity11588 , and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1024 :: ('CHEBI:31882', 'Chemical') :: ['N-Methyl-d-aspartate']

answer: @entity13069 :: (2904,Gene) :: ['GluN2B']


abstract: In addition to the role of building block for biological membranes, phospholipids and their metabolites have been implicated in other important cellular functions, such as proliferation and apoptosis. @entity9932 and their precursor, @entity4291 , are thought to play a role in cellular apoptosis. In contrast, the metabolism of @entity13286 and one of their precursors, @entity2434 , is thought to be partly responsible for the opposite effect, cellular proliferation. Quantitative determination of these lipids in biological samples is important in investigating the complicated interactions between these molecules. In this report, we describe a capillary gas chromatographic procedure for the quantitative determination of molecular species of @entity13286 , @entity9932 , @entity2434 , and @entity19846 . Lipid extracts are separated into these classes with a @entity13918 column. @entity13286 and @entity9932 are analyzed as @entity53310 derivatives. @entity2434 and @entity19846 are converted to their @entity2366 and @entity2367 components with sphingomyelinase hydrolysis. Internal standards for each analyzed fraction are used in the procedure. This method is used to determine the lipids in liver homogenate and subcellular fractions, including mitochondria, light mitochondria, and microsomes from young and old Fischer 344 @entity35 . Our data show that the @entity2367 and @entity4291 content is higher in the mitochondria of old @entity35 . This relationship is consistent with the potential role of @entity2367 in mitochondria-induced apoptosis. More study is needed to substantiate this relationship.

title: Quantitation and molecular species determination of @entity13286 , @entity2434 , XXXX , and @entity19846 with gas chromatography.

entities_list: @entity2366 :: ('CHEBI:41847', 'Chemical') :: ['diacylglycerol']

entities_list: @entity19846 :: ('MESH:D013109', 'Chemical') :: ['sphingomyelins']

entities_list: @entity2434 :: ('MESH:D010713', 'Chemical') :: ['Phosphatidylcholines', 'phosphatidylcholine', 'phosphatidylcholines']

entities_list: @entity53310 :: ('CHEBI:51088', 'Chemical') :: ['trimethylsilyl']

entities_list: @entity13918 :: ('MESH:D058428', 'Chemical') :: ['silica gel']

entities_list: @entity2367 :: ('CHEBI:17761', 'Chemical') :: ['ceramide']

entities_list: @entity13286 :: ('MESH:D004075', 'Chemical') :: ['diacylglycerols', 'Diacylglycerols']

entities_list: @entity9932 :: ('MESH:D002518', 'Chemical') :: ['Ceramides', 'ceramides']

entities_list: @entity4291 :: ('CHEBI:17636', 'Chemical') :: ['sphingomyelin']

answer: @entity9932 :: (MESH:D002518,Chemical) :: ['ceramides']


abstract: @entity1659 , an @entity74 , presents clinically as recurrent episodes of @entity4 . It results from either deficient production or function of C1 inhibitor. Acquired @entity113 is associated with lymphoproliferative or @entity792 . Conventionally attenuated @entity3800 and antifibrinolytics have been used for prophylaxis, both for the long term and presurgically. Fresh frozen plasma and plasma-derived C1 inhibitor concentrate have been used primarily for treatment of acute attacks. All have drawbacks in side effects or potential for infection transmission. New treatments (recombinant C1 inhibitor, @entity19616 , DX-88, and for acquired @entity113 , rituximab) so far show good safety profiles. Early data suggest these may be effective treatment alternatives. The efficacy of current treatment and the potential held by newer agents that target specific elements in complement or kinin pathways are examined. Some agents are likely to have a wider role in treatment of other, more common, forms of @entity113 .

title: XXXX ( @entity1659 ): where are we with therapies?

entities_list: @entity1659 :: ('MESH:D054179', 'Disease') :: ['Hereditary angioedema']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['swelling']

entities_list: @entity19616 :: ('MESH:C065679', 'Chemical') :: ['icatibant']

entities_list: @entity3800 :: ('MESH:D000728', 'Chemical') :: ['androgens']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['autosomal dominant disorder']

entities_list: @entity113 :: ('MESH:D000799', 'Disease') :: ['angioedema']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune disease']

answer: @entity1659 :: (MESH:D054179,Disease) :: ['C1-inhibitor deficiencies']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the influence of hand dominance on the maintenance of gains after home-based modified constraint-induced movement therapy (mCIMT). METHOD: Aprevious randomized controlled trial was conducted to examine the addition of trunk restraint to the mCIMT. Twenty-two chronic @entity64 survivors with mild to moderate @entity73 received individual home-based mCIMT with or without trunk restraints, five times per week, three hours daily over two weeks. In this study, the @entity1 were separated into dominant group, which had their paretic upper limb as dominant before the @entity64 (n=8), and non-dominant group (n=14) for analyses. The ability to perform unimanual tasks was measured by the Wolf Motor Function Test (WMFT) and the Motor Activity Log (MAL), whereas the capacity to perform bimanual tasks was measured using the Bilateral Activity Assessment Scale (BAAS). RESULTS: Analysis revealed significant positive effects on the MAL amount of use and quality of the movement scales, as well as on the BAAS scores after intervention, with no differences between groups. Both groups maintained the bimanual improvements during follow-ups (BAAS-seconds 0.1, 95% CI -10.0 to 10.0), however only the dominant group maintained the unilateral improvements (MAL-amount of use: 1.5, 95% CI 0.7 to 2.3; MAL-quality: 1.3, 95% CI 0.5 to 2.1). CONCLUSIONS: Upper limb dominance did not interfere with the acquisition of upper limb skills after mCIMT. However, the @entity1 whose paretic upper limb was dominant demonstrated better abilities to maintain the unilateral gains. The bilateral improvements were maintained, regardless of upper limb dominance.

title: Influences of hand dominance on the maintenance of benefits after home-based modified constraint-induced movement therapy in individuals with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['motor impairments']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['stroke']


abstract: A 23 year-old @entity1 was referred to the endocrine outpatient clinic with the suspicion of @entity2010 as he complained of @entity2183 and @entity4683 since 2-3 months. Further he presented with @entity390 , @entity391 , @entity1277 , rapid weight loss, diffuse body @entity158 and @entity1295 . No @entity10 , @entity227 , or @entity221 were reported. The clinical examination showed @entity43712 (poor beard, pubic and axillary hair growth, small testis). The @entity1 's skin was strikingly pale as well as dry and scaly. Lymph node palpation was unremarkable. Endocrine evaluation revealed @entity2010 as well as complete anterior @entity4614 . MR imaging demonstrated contrast-enhancing mass lesions at the pineal gland, hypothalamus, and anterior horn of lateral ventricles bilaterally. The localization pattern deemed to be highly suspicious for @entity932 . As beta-HCG and AFP were negative in serum and cerebrospinal fluid the diagnosis of @entity3438 was confirmed histologically. After radiotherapy with cranio-spinal radiation therapy with 24 Gy followed by two weeks of @entity5 boost with 16 Gy, the posttherapy MRI scan indicated @entity5 removal. This case demonstrates a very rare and potentially curable @entity5 as the cause of @entity7961 in adults.

title: @entity932 as a very rare cause of XXXX in a 23-year old @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['blurred vision']

entities_list: @entity932 :: ('MESH:D020300', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial germinoma']

entities_list: @entity43712 :: ('MESH:D050035', 'Disease') :: ['sexual infantilism']

entities_list: @entity7961 :: ('MESH:C580003', 'Disease') :: ['panhypopituitarism']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'complete tumor', 'local tumor']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity4683 :: ('MESH:D059606', 'Disease') :: ['polydipsia']

entities_list: @entity4614 :: ('MESH:D007018', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity1277 :: ('MESH:D001068', 'Disease') :: ['loss of appetite']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity3438 :: ('MESH:D018237', 'Disease') :: ['germinoma']

entities_list: @entity2010 :: ('MESH:D003919', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes insipidus']

answer: @entity7961 :: (MESH:C580003,Disease) :: ['panhypopituitarism']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Myocardial gene and cellular therapies have revived the use of porcine @entity63 heart models. Commonly applied ameroid-obstruction produces inconsistent coronary stenoses and @entity296 , whereas abrupt @entity1563 causes @entity943 and @entity944 . To produce a constant @entity296 after adaptation to @entity63 , we surgically modified the ameroid-model by ligation. As a pilot study for further cell therapy research, the spontaneous myocardial response is described. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Simultaneously with ameroid application, a loose loop of nonabsorbable thread was placed around the left circumflex artery (LCx) on 11 domestic piglets. Three weeks later, the loop was tightened. Coronary arteriograms with Rentrop collateral grading from 0 to 3, and 99mTc-single photon emission computerized tomography studies were performed 1 to 5 wk after ligation. At autopsy, the hearts were analyzed macroscopically, histologically, and with @entity2880 factor-staining. RESULTS: LCx-banding was well-tolerated in nine animals, of which angiographic occlusion was gained in eight. Postmortem analysis revealed a 5 to 10 cm(2) transmural or subendocardial lateral @entity583 in all except one heart. One week after occlusion, LCx showed well-developed collateral filling (Rentrop-grade 2.7 +/- 0.4), which remained unchanged at 5 wk. On single photon emission computerized tomography-scans, lateral wall perfusion increased spontaneously between 1 and 5 wk (P = 0.02), and @entity2880 factor revealed @entity2686 at the borders of @entity1188 areas. CONCLUSIONS: This new modification of ameroid model standardizes @entity296 , which might reduce animal number in preclinical studies, thus having ethical aspect. The remarked potential for spontaneous recovery in @entity63 porcine myocardium should be considered in preclinical therapeutic studies.

title: Ligation of ameroid-stenosed coronary artery leads to reproducible XXXX --a pilot study in a porcine model.

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial lesions', 'myocardial lesion']

entities_list: @entity944 :: ('MESH:D003645', 'Disease') :: ['sudden death']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia', 'ischemic']

entities_list: @entity1563 :: ('MESH:D054059', 'Disease') :: ['coronary occlusion']

entities_list: @entity2686 :: ('MESH:D003027', 'Disease') :: ['clusters of neovascularization']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmias']

entities_list: @entity2880 :: ('MESH:D014842', 'Disease') :: ['von Willebrandt']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarction']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The semirigid pedicle screw instrumentation has gained wide popularity in recent decennium in lumbar fusion surgery. However, few data were documented to compare the clinical efficacy between semirigid and traditional rigid pedicle screw systems. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 96 @entity1 with @entity179 were selected to perform operations between 2008 and 2013. The @entity1 were prospectively randomized into 2 groups: 50 @entity1 were managed by semirigid waved rod systems and 46 @entity1 were intervened by traditional rigid straight stiff rod systems. X- @entity16039 and computed tomography were utilized to examine the interbody fusion status in the follow-up in detail. Surgical parameters such as operative time, @entity190 , and total hospital stay were calculated and compared. Visual Analog Scale and @entity717 Index were used to assess clinical efficacy postoperatively. RESULTS: No significant differences were found about demographic data between groups. There were no significant differences regarding the surgical parameters including operative time, @entity190 , and total hospital stay. Visual Analog Scale and @entity717 Index postoperatively were also similar between the 2 instrumentations (P>0.05). The fusion rate was higher in the semirigid group (45/50) than in the traditional group (34/46) (P=0.039) at the final follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Waved rod may be better in facilitating interbody fusion compared with traditional straight rod, although waved rod and straight stiff rod can both get similar clinical efficacy. Meanwhile, waved rod is likely superior in alleviating adjacent degeneration segments.

title: Semirigid Waved Rod System for the Treatment of the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['degenerative lumbar diseases']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['Oswestry Disability']

answer: @entity179 :: (MESH:D019636,Disease) :: ['Degenerative Lumbar Diseases']


abstract: @entity8113 (QA) is a potent endogenous excitotoxin; elevation of its concentration in an organism has been implicated in the pathogenesis of @entity74 . The purpose of this study was the assessment of QA impact on the process of erythropoiesis. Marked increase of QA concentration was observed in plasma and peripheral tissues of uremic @entity35 . These changes were proportional to the amount of the removed renal tissue and positively correlated with the concentration of @entity1011 but negatively correlated with hematological parameters, i.e., hematocrit and Hb red blood cells count. The changes were accompanied by a slight decrease in the concentration of endogenic @entity5301 ( @entity5301 ) in the plasma of animals with @entity5507 . Chronic treatment with QA diminished the increase in @entity5301 concentration after introduction of @entity1953 in @entity35 . These changes were associated with the decrease in all hematological parameters after QA administration. The in vitro study in the conditions of @entity519 showed that QA inhibited the @entity5301 release from HepG2 cells to the culture base. Additionally, in HepG2 cells QA had a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on @entity519 - and @entity1953 -induced @entity5301 gene expression without any cell @entity137 . In conclusion, the erythropoiesis in @entity177 could be attributed to the influence of QA on @entity5301 synthesis. Thus we propose that QA can be a uremic toxin responsible for @entity417 in animals or @entity1 with @entity177 .

title: Contribution of XXXX in the development of @entity417 in @entity177 .

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure', 'chronic renal failure']

entities_list: @entity8113 :: ('MESH:D017378', 'Chemical') :: ['Quinolinic acid']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['various disorders']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

answer: @entity8113 :: (MESH:D017378,Chemical) :: ['quinolinic acid']


abstract: The aim of this study was to objectively evaluate the voices of @entity1 suffering from unilateral vocal @entity912 , before and after endoscopic augmentation and thyroplasty. In the past, we used injectable Teflon to treat this condition; later techniques included collagen injection and Isshiki thyroplasty. In the last 7 years, preferred treatment methods have included Bioplastique injection and lipoaugmentation of the vocal cords as well as medialization thyroplasty using a @entity702 implant according to Friedrich. Pre- and postoperative data was evaluated and compared to 25 @entity1 . Appropriate glottic closure of the vocal cords was achieved in every case, in most cases after the first intervention. We used voice range profile measurements to evaluate the results. An objective evaluation was performed using the @entity7364 index. Significant improvements were found: the @entity7364 index decreased in every case, from an average of 2.47, preoperatively, to an average of 1.18 postoperatively. In agreement with earlier studies, voice pitch range was the only parameter that not significantly improved. There was no statistical difference between the lipoaugmentation and thyroplasty according to Friedrich. We concluded that both endoscopic methods and thyroplasty can be used to achieve an optimal result. Cases must be evaluated individually so that the best technique, or combination of methods can be determined.

title: Voice quality improvement after management of unilateral vocal XXXX with different techniques.

entities_list: @entity702 :: ('MESH:D014025', 'Chemical') :: ['titanium']

entities_list: @entity912 :: ('MESH:D010243', 'Disease') :: ['cord paralysis']

entities_list: @entity7364 :: ('MESH:D055154', 'Disease') :: ['Friedrich dysphonia', 'dysphonia']

answer: @entity912 :: (MESH:D010243,Disease) :: ['cord paralysis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the efficacy and safety of the ultrathin flap LASIK and LASEK for the treatment of @entity1714 with central corneal thickness below 500 microm. METHODS: Ultrathin flap LASIK and LASEK were randomly selected to treat high myopic @entity1 with corneal thickness between 450 and 500 microm. 39 cases of 23 @entity1 with average spherical equivalent of -7.51D (range from -6.00 to -9.50D) were treated with ultra thin flap LASIK, and 37 cases of 19 @entity1 with average SE of -7.50D (range from -6.00 to -10.75D) were treated with LASEK. The uncorrected visual acuity, best corrected visual acuity, spherical equivalent, intraocular pressure, haze were examined and recorded 1, 3, 6 and 12 months postoperatively. RESULTS: Postoperative reaction was mild in LASIK @entity1 , who showed a quick recovery in UCVA, whereas LASEK @entity1 needed average 4 days to re-epithelization. At 1, 3, 6, 12 months postoperatively, the percentage of UCVA above 1.0 was 64.1%, 87.2%, 87.2% and 79.3% in LASIK @entity1 and 37.8%, 75.7%, 67.6% and 71.4% in LASEK @entity1 respectively. The percentage of spherical equivalent between +/- 0.50D was 48.7%, 51.3%, 61.5%, 82.8% in LASIK @entity1 and 51.4%, 45.9%, 45.9%, 57.1% in LASEK respectively. There was no severe complications that implicate the BSCVA occurred in-operation and postoperatively. The main complications in LASIK group was corneal flap striae and overcorrection, regression and mild haze in LASEK group. CONCLUSION: Ultrathin flap LASIK had the similar efficacy and safety with LASEK in the treatment of @entity1714 with thin CCT, but the stability of results and satisfaction from the @entity1 was superior to LASEK.

title: [Clinical study of ultrathin flap LASIK and LASEK for the treatment of XXXX with thin cornea].

entities_list: @entity1714 :: ('MESH:D009216', 'Disease') :: ['high myopia']

answer: @entity1714 :: (MESH:D009216,Disease) :: ['high myopia']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The diagnosis @entity19887 ( @entity19887 ) is made by the clinical presentation in combination with the @entity854 . It is often difficult to distinguish @entity19887 from @entity2102 , a complication of severe @entity1468 . @entity1685 ( @entity1685 , FibroScan  , EchoSense, Paris) measures tissue elasticity as an indirect parameter for tissue @entity82 , and is frequently used in hepatology for non-invasive assessment of @entity82 . To obtain reference data for @entity1685 in @entity101 disorders of pregnancy and @entity19887 . METHODS: We conducted a prospective case-control study. Included were @entity1 with severe @entity1468 and @entity2102 and @entity19887 between 24 and 40 weeks of gestational age. A reference group of normotensive pregnant @entity1 served as controls. RESULTS: We identified 3 cases of @entity19887 and 25 @entity1 with severe @entity1468 and @entity2102 . All cases were matched with normotensive pregnant @entity1 . Liver stiffness expressed in kPa was significantly higher in @entity19887 @entity1 than in @entity1 with severe @entity1468 and @entity2102 . Normotensive pregnant @entity1 had lower values (See figure). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1685 of the liver forms a new and discriminating measure to rule out @entity19887 in @entity101 @entity1 . DISCLOSURES: J. Duvekot: None. C. Verveer: None. L. Neven: None. R.D. @entity1 : None. E.A. Steegers: None. H.L. Janssen: None. R.J. Knegt: None.

title: [5-OR]: @entity1685 ( @entity1685 ) of the liver as a new diagnostic tool to discriminate between @entity2102 and @entity19887 ( XXXX )?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'Man']

entities_list: @entity19887 :: ('MESH:C537957', 'Disease') :: ['AFLP', 'acute fatty liver of pregnancy']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity2102 :: ('MESH:D017359', 'Disease') :: ['HELLP syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1685 :: ('MESH:C563551', 'Disease') :: ['Transient elastography', 'TE']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['laboratory abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity1468 :: ('MESH:D011225', 'Disease') :: ['preeclampsia']

answer: @entity19887 :: (MESH:C537957,Disease) :: ['AFLP']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The present study used RNA interference (RNAi) to study how the expression of @entity10784 was affected by ubiquitin protein ligase E3A ( @entity23187 ). In addition, the proliferation, apoptosis and invasiveness of @entity1 @entity0 cells was studied following knockdown of @entity23187 . Three pairs of small interfering RNA (siRNA) fragments targeting @entity23187 were designed and transfected into the @entity1 cells. The effects of silencing @entity23187 were detected by reverse transcription  -polymerase chain reaction and western blotting, and the same methods were used to detect the expression levels of @entity10784 . Cell proliferation was determined using the Cell Counting kit  -8, and flow cytometry and a Transwell chamber assay were used to assess the rate of cell apoptosis and invasion, respectively. Following transfection with the three siRNAs targeting @entity23187 for 72  h, the mRNA expression levels of @entity23187 were downregulated, as compared with those in the untreated groups, and siRNA1 was the shown to be the most effective siRNA for silencing @entity23187 expression. The protein expression levels were concordant with the mRNA expression levels of @entity23187 . In addition, the mRNA and protein expression levels of @entity10784 were downregulated. Cellular proliferation and invasion of the siRNA1 group was inhibited as compared with those in the untreated groups, and apoptosis of @entity23187  -siRNA1 cells was increased as compared with that in the untreated groups. The results of the present study indicated that @entity23187 may regulate the expression of @entity10784 , resulting in promotion of proliferation and invasion and suppression of apoptosis in @entity1 cells.

title: Knockdown of ubiquitin protein ligase E3A affects proliferation and invasion, and induces apoptosis of @entity0 cells through regulation of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

answer: @entity10784 :: (302,Gene) :: ['annexin A2']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Antibody drug conjugates (ADCs) and immunotoxins (ITs) are promising anticancer immunotherapeutics. Despite their encouraging performance in clinical trials, both ADCs and ITs often suffer from disadvantages such as stoichiometrically undefined chemical linkage of the cytotoxic payload (ADCs) and the potential immunogenicity of toxins derived from bacteria and plants (ITs). METHODS: @entity1 @entity3668 ( @entity3668 ) was cloned in-frame with @entity1 EGF, expressed in @entity526 and purified by standard chromatographic methods. The in vitro activity was confirmed by flow cytometry, cell viability assays and tubulin polymerisation assay. The in vivo efficacy was demonstrated using noninvasive far-red in vivo imaging. RESULTS: The EGF- @entity3668 selectively induced apoptosis in @entity12841 -overexpressing proliferating @entity5 cells through stabilisation of microtubules. Nonproliferating cells were not affected, demonstrating superior selectivity of EGF- @entity3668 for @entity5 cells. The EGF- @entity3668 was well tolerated at high doses in @entity19 compared with the ETA'-based control. The in vivo efficacy of EGF- @entity3668 was demonstrated in a @entity5 xenograft @entity19 model. CONCLUSION: Our data indicate the general mechanism of action for a new class of @entity1 immunotherapeutic reagents suitable for the treatment of @entity5 . This approach combines the binding specificity of targeting ligands with the selective cytotoxicity of @entity3668 towards proliferating cells.

title: Microtubule-associated protein tau facilitates the targeted killing of proliferating @entity5 cells in vitro and in a xenograft @entity19 XXXX model in vivo.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity3668 :: ('4137', 'Gene') :: ['MAP', 'microtubule-associated protein tau']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumour']


abstract: @entity548 is a leading cause of @entity204 in @entity130 @entity1 . Surgical control of @entity548 and fluid resuscitation with both crystalloid and blood products remain the mainstay of therapy for injured @entity1 with @entity548 . However, there has been a recent re-evaluation of transfusion practice. Both the fear of transmissible disease and the costs of transfusing blood products have led to increasingly restrictive transfusion practices. A small percentage of @entity130 @entity1 require massive transfusion. These @entity1 are complex and difficult to manage, and clinicians must act quickly to save them. There is little evidence to help guide clinical transfusion decisions in these @entity1 . A rational approach to using blood products requires an understanding of the end points of resuscitation. Resuscitation with fluids and red cells is necessary to improve perfusion and @entity26 delivery to tissues. Avoiding overtransfusion is key, however, because transfusion is also associated with significant risks. This trend toward reducing allogenic blood exposure will likely continue. New technologies that have the potential of reducing @entity190 and transfusion requirements in @entity130 @entity1 with @entity548 are being developed, and similar old technologies are being reapplied.

title: An approach to transfusion and XXXX in @entity130 : current perspectives on restrictive transfusion strategies.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['Hemorrhagic shock', 'bleeding', 'massive bleeding']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

answer: @entity548 :: (MESH:D006470,Disease) :: ['hemorrhage']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: We have reported that initial distribution volume of @entity413 (IDVG) measures the central extracellular fluid volume in the presence of fluid gain or loss without apparent modification of @entity413 metabolism. We hypothesized that IDVG has a close relationship with intrathoracic blood volume (ITBV). We examined whether IDVG can correlate with ITBV during hemodynamically unstable states early after esophagectomy. DESIGN: Prospective clinical study. SETTING: General ICU. @entity1 OR @entity1 : Twelve consecutive @entity551 @entity1 who required volume loading during the first 10 postoperative hours after admission to the ICU. INTERVENTIONS: Indexed ITBV (ITBVI) and cardiac index (CI) were measured by single transpulmonary thermodilution technique using 10 mL of cold saline solution. Indexed IDVG (IDVGI) was then determined by the administration of 5 g of @entity413 and calculated by applying a one-compartment model. Three sets of measurements were performed: immediately after admission to the ICU, during @entity551 , and after subsequent volume loading. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: When @entity551 developed, @entity64 volume index (SVI), central venous pressure, and ITBVI were decreased but IDVGI and CI were not. All these variables were increased after volume loading. IDVGI was correlated only slightly with either ITBVI (r2 = 0.23) or SVI (r2 = 0.38) but moderately with CI (r2 = 0.61). CONCLUSIONS: Results does not support that IDVGI can be equivalently used as an alternative measure of ITBVI or SVI, but IDVG may be clinically relevant as a measure of the fluid volume affecting CI even during hemodynamically unstable states after esophagectomy.

title: Comparison of initial distribution volume of XXXX and intrathoracic blood volume during hemodynamically unstable States early after esophagectomy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotensive', 'hypotension']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity413 :: (MESH:D005947,Chemical) :: ['glucose']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Radical retropubic prostatectomy remains the gold standard treatment for @entity263 . However, new minimally invasive techniques have emerged, providing a less invasive approach. Robotic-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy is the ideal technique, providing good oncologic and functional outcomes. We analyzed the impact of robotic surgical systems on practice patterns among urologists to explain changes in the value of radical retropubic prostatectomy, laparoscopic radical prostatectomy and robotic-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy in a single institution in Taiwan. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the records of @entity1 who received prostatectomy by one of the above procedures between January 2004 and November 2009. Decisions to perform these procedures were made by @entity1 preference. @entity1 who received prostate biopsies at other hospitals were transferred to our hospital specifically for robotic-assisted prostatectomy. RESULTS: A total of 434 radical prostatectomies were performed, of which 141 (32.49%) were radical retropubic prostatectomies, 59 (13.59%) were laparoscopic radical prostatectomies and 234 (53.92%) were robotic-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomies. The overall number of prostatectomies has increased over time because of an increase in robotic-assisted procedures. No decreases were seen in the number of radical retropubic prostatectomies during the evaluation period. Changes in the ratio of robotic-assisted prostatectomies compared to radical retropubic and laparoscopic radical prostatectomies demonstrated a trend toward robotic-assisted procedures. The percentage of cases transferred from other hospitals also increased over time from 28.57% to 68.60%. CONCLUSION: Our experience emphasizes the potential of robotic-assisted prostatectomy to become the mainstream treatment for @entity263 in Taiwan.

title: Trends in treatment for XXXX after emergence of robotic-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy in Taiwan.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['localized prostate cancer']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['localized prostate cancer']


abstract: Previous reports have demonstrated that injection of @entity8885 into @entity19 abrogates the ability of deaggregated @entity1 gamma-globulin (HGG) to induce a state of antigen specific @entity1200 in vivo. Our results demonstrate that @entity1 @entity3426 and a bioactive nonapeptide of @entity1 @entity1356 inhibit the induction of tolerance to HGG suggesting that @entity1356 affects tolerance induction through a noninflammatory mechanism of action because the immunoactive nonapeptide possesses only immunomodulatory properties. Further, @entity310 but not @entity650 , cytokines with many bioactivities in common with @entity1356 , was found to inhibit the induction of tolerance. Therefore, it appears unlikely that @entity650 plays a role in the pathway by which either @entity1356 or @entity310 interferes with tolerance induction. Although @entity1199 , @entity3646 , and @entity379 were incapable of directly affecting the induction of tolerance to HGG, it was determined that @entity3646 and @entity379 were capable of inhibiting the ability of @entity1356 to abrogate tolerance induction. It has been suggested that @entity1356 induces the generation of endogenous @entity1356 in vivo. Further, it has been demonstrated that @entity379 as well as @entity3646 inhibits the synthesis of @entity1356 . Inasmuch as @entity3646 and @entity379 inhibit the ability of @entity1356 to abrogate tolerance induction, it appears that it is the endogenously generated @entity1356 that interferes with tolerance induction. It was also determined that neither @entity3646 nor @entity379 inhibits the activity of @entity1356 which is consistent with results reported by others. Thus, results presented here suggest that the inhibition of tolerance induction to HGG by @entity1356 may involve the stimulation of endogenous @entity1356 synthesis.

title: The regulatory effects of cytokines on the induction of a peripheral XXXX in @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity1200 :: ('MESH:D007154', 'Disease') :: ['immunologic tolerance']

answer: @entity1200 :: (MESH:D007154,Disease) :: ['immunologic tolerance']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: e19737 Background: Chemotherapy induced @entity1897 ( @entity1897 ) is a serious dose- limiting @entity137 affecting chemotherapy administration. It is unclear how many @entity1 are assessed for @entity1897 . The incidence and severity of @entity1897 depend on the chemotherapeutic agents, cumulative dose, schedule and @entity1 characteristics. @entity6023 and @entity902 analogs are associated with the highest incidence of @entity1897 . Few tools have been validated to assess the incidence and severity of @entity1897 . The NCI Common @entity137 criteria (NCI-CTCAE), @entity1 @entity2359 Questionnaire (PNQ), and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy @entity2359 Subscale (FACT-Ntx) are the most studied. The primary objective of our study was the prospective evaluation of the incidence of severe @entity1897 (NCI-CTCAE>= 2) in @entity1 with @entity5 receiving @entity3907 / @entity902 regimen. The secondary endpoint was to determine the questionnaire that was the most sensitive in predicting @entity1897 ; NCI-CTCAE and PNQ. METHODS: Fifty-one @entity1 with @entity43 receiving @entity3003 - @entity1311 based chemotherapy were enrolled and 451 assessments were completed. Assessments were performed at baseline, chemotherapy visists and monthly follow ups. RESULTS: Seventeen @entity1 had baseline @entity1897 and 29 (85.3%) @entity1 developed @entity1897 during treatment. The table depicts the mean cumulative doses for both agents and both tools. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of @entity3003 -induced @entity1897 has been reported to range from 13% to 42% and the reported incidence of @entity1311 induced @entity1897 varied from 18% to 29% (every 3 weeks dosing, mean cumulative dose to onset of grade >=  2 @entity1897 -715 mg/m(2)). We report the incidence of severe @entity1897 in 85.3% of @entity1 receiving combination of @entity3003 / @entity1311 . These preliminary results show trend for PNQ tool to detect both @entity1897 at lower mean cumulative doses when compared to NCI-CTCAE. Our higher incidence of @entity1897 than previously reported for @entity3003 / @entity1311 demonstrated a need for standarization of detection and treatment of @entity1897 . [Table: see text].

title: Prospective analysis of chemotherapy-induced neuropathy in XXXX with gynecologic @entity5 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian or endometrial cancer']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'Toxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['gynecologic malignancy']

entities_list: @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['carboplatin']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['sensory and motor PN', 'PN', 'peripheral neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['platinum']

entities_list: @entity2359 :: ('MESH:D020258', 'Disease') :: ['Neurotoxicity']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: We report a 43-year-old male with @entity5441 . The @entity1 has had @entity1712 since the age of 25. He developed @entity565 at 41 years of age. In the following year, he consulted a gastroenterologist because of @entity221 and abdominal discomfort. Upper gastrointestinal study showed @entity9317 . At the age of 43 years, there was slight @entity221 , @entity11563 , and @entity1712 . Examination in our department disclosed @entity5441 associated with @entity9317 , endomyocarditis with an intraventricular @entity715 , and @entity565 caused by house dust. Both @entity617 and @entity117 were administered with improvement of @entity1712 and partial thrombolysis. Assays of @entity2772 , @entity2841 , and @entity225 revealed increased activity of @entity225 , @entity2841 , and @entity2772 in this order. Especially @entity225 has by far the strongest activity in these cytokines. @entity225 may play an important role in the development of @entity5441 .

title: [A case of XXXX followed by @entity565 , intraventricular @entity715 , and @entity9317 ].

entities_list: @entity1712 :: ('MESH:D004802', 'Disease') :: ['eosinophilia']

entities_list: @entity565 :: ('MESH:D001249', 'Disease') :: ['bronchial asthma']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity5441 :: ('MESH:D017681', 'Disease') :: ['hypereosinophilic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity11563 :: ('MESH:D003969', 'Disease') :: ['watery diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity617 :: ('MESH:D011239', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisolone']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombus']

entities_list: @entity9317 :: ('MESH:D004382', 'Disease') :: ['duodenitis']

answer: @entity5441 :: (MESH:D017681,Disease) :: ['hypereosinophilic syndrome']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity12832 (includes @entity9283 and @entity91 ) is a common pediatric condition. @entity1 who present with altered head shape often experience @entity245 . It is uncertain how common @entity245 is in @entity1 with @entity9283 and how sustained this is, when present. This review explores the association between @entity9283 and @entity245 to guide clinical practice. STUDY DESIGN: A systematic review was conducted. MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and PEDro databases were searched. Data from relevant studies were extracted regarding study: sample, follow-up, design, and findings. Methodological quality of each study was rated using a critical appraisal tool. RESULTS: The search recovered 1315 articles of which 19 met the inclusion criteria. In the included studies, the @entity1 's ages ranged from 3 months to 10 years. Study limitations included selection bias, nonblinding of assessors, and reuse of the same study population for multiple papers. Most papers (11/19) rated "moderate" on methodological quality. A positive association between @entity9283 and @entity245 was reported in 13 of 19 studies, including 4 of 5 studies with "strong" methodological quality. Delay was more frequently in studies with @entity1 <= 24 months of age (9/12 studies) compared with >24 months of age (3/7 studies). Motor delay was the most commonly affected domain reported in high-quality papers (5/5 studies). CONCLUSION: This review suggests @entity9283 is a marker of elevated risk of developmental delays. Clinicians should closely monitor @entity1 with @entity9283 for this. Prompt referral to early intervention services such as physiotherapy may ameliorate motor delays and identify @entity1 with longer term developmental needs.

title: @entity9283 and XXXX : A Systematic Review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'infants', 'Infants']

entities_list: @entity9283 :: ('MESH:D059041', 'Disease') :: ['plagiocephaly']

entities_list: @entity12832 :: ('MESH:D049068', 'Disease') :: ['Deformational plagiocephaly']

entities_list: @entity245 :: ('MESH:D002658', 'Disease') :: ['developmental delay']

entities_list: @entity91 :: ('MESH:D003398', 'Disease') :: ['brachycephaly']

answer: @entity245 :: (MESH:D002658,Disease) :: ['Developmental Delay']


abstract: Treadmill exercise and neuromuscular electrical stimulation are common clinical approaches for @entity64 rehabilitation. Both animal and clinical studies have shown the functional improvements after these interventions. However, the neurochemical effects on the @entity63 brain had not been well studied. This study aimed at evaluating the effects of treadmill exercise and neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES), and studying their effects during a 2-week training, on the levels of common neurotransmitters ( @entity492 , @entity2227 , @entity2226 and @entity1246 ( @entity1246 )) in the hippocampus following transient focal @entity2806 . Either treadmill exercise or neuromuscular electrical stimulation was prescribed to the @entity35 24 h after @entity2806 whereas Control group remained in cages for 2 weeks. Microdialysis technique was used to collect dialysates from ipsilesional hippocampus in vivo. It was found that the @entity2227 level was increased significantly during treadmill exercise and then returned to baseline level. Both interventions did not trigger significant effects on @entity492 and @entity2227 basal levels during the 2 weeks. The relatively high @entity2226 level in Control groups may suggest that the interventions might suppress the @entity2226 release in hippocampus. @entity1246 and @entity492 levels did not showed significant changes over the 2 weeks in all groups. These results provide insights to explain the neurochemical effects on the @entity63 injured brain during the course of rehabilitation.

title: Neurochemical effects of exercise and neuromuscular electrical stimulation on brain after @entity64 : a microdialysis study using XXXX model.

entities_list: @entity2227 :: ('CHEBI:29987', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamate']

entities_list: @entity1246 :: ('MESH:D005680', 'Chemical') :: ['gamma-aminobutyric acid', 'GABA']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral ischemia']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity492 :: ('CHEBI:29995', 'Chemical') :: ['aspartate']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 is the third leading cause of @entity204 in adolescents and young adults (AYA). Little is known, however, about how end-of-life unfolds for those who die of progressive disease. In order to better evaluate the specific needs of these @entity1 , we performed this study providing baseline information about end-of-life care patterns for AYA in our department. @entity1 : A standardised form was used to collect data concerning all 45 @entity1 treated for a @entity5 in the Paediatric and Adolescent Oncology Department at the Gustave Roussy Institute, and who had died of progressive disease above 13 years of age, over a two-year period. RESULTS: The main diagnoses were @entity242 and @entity1313 . Previous @entity5 -directed treatment included a median of 3 different chemotherapy regimens, high-dose chemotherapy with haematopoietic stem cell support for 13% and radiotherapy for 40%. One in every four @entity1 had been enrolled in a clinical trial at diagnosis. Median survival was 18 months after the diagnosis and 7 months after the first relapse/progression. During the last week of life, the median number of physical symptoms was 4, mostly @entity158 and dyspnoea. Frequent @entity1109 were sadness, @entity148 , fear and guilt. End-of-life care included transfusions, artificial nutrition, corticosteroids, @entity158 control, sedation but also palliative chemotherapy. The median time spent in hospital during the last month of life was 16 days. Most @entity1 had died in hospital. CONCLUSIONS: The terminally ill adolescent displays notable challenges to care providers and requires a holistic approach with the help of a multidisciplinary team.

title: End of life care in adolescents and young adults with XXXX : experience of the adolescent unit of the Institut Gustave Roussy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity242 :: ('MESH:D012509', 'Disease') :: ['sarcomas']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['brain tumours']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'Cancer', 'malignancy']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['psychological symptoms']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Skin aging has long been considered only as a cosmetic problem. With the increase in lifespan, we are now more often experiencing a further dimension of skin aging, which is no longer only cosmetic, but also functional, in the sense that the skin has lost its protective mechanical function. Dermatoporosis is the name proposed to capture, in a holistic approach, all the aspects of this chronic @entity2100 . OBSERVATIONS: In this paper, we review the clinical aspects of dermatoporosis, its histological features and the current understanding of its etiological factors. The clinical manifestations of dermatoporosis comprise (i) morphological markers of fragility--rather trivial--such as @entity4125 and @entity272 , and (ii) functional expression of @entity19012 resulting from minor traumas such as frequent @entity272 , delayed wound @entity446 , nonhealing @entity1066 and @entity548 with the formation of dissecting @entity1410 leading to large zones of @entity39 . Dissecting @entity1410 bear significant morbidity needing hospitalization and urgent surgical procedures. Molecular mechanisms implying hyaluronate- @entity1759 pathways in the control and maintenance of epithelial growth and the viscoelastic properties of the extracellular matrix offer new opportunities for preventive intervention. CONCLUSION: We propose to group the different manifestations and implications of this syndrome under the umbrella term of 'dermatoporosis', because we think it will help to capture the understanding of health professionals that, as @entity170 , 'dermatoporosis' should be prevented and treated to avoid complications. Dermatologists should be aware of this emerging syndrome and function as key players in prevention and therapy. Randomized clinical trials should demonstrate which intervention may best prevent and/or reverse dermatoporosis.

title: Dermatoporosis: a chronic XXXX . Clinicopathological features, mechanisms, prevention and potential treatments.

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['subcutaneous bleeding']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity19012 :: ('MESH:C536183', 'Disease') :: ['skin fragility']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['atrophic ulcers']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity4125 :: ('MESH:D011693', 'Disease') :: ['senile purpura, stellate pseudoscars']

entities_list: @entity2100 :: ('MESH:D005600', 'Disease') :: ['cutaneous insufficiency/fragility syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1410 :: ('MESH:D006406', 'Disease') :: ['hematomas']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin atrophy', 'skin laceration']

answer: @entity2100 :: (MESH:D005600,Disease) :: ['cutaneous insufficiency/fragility syndrome']


abstract: BACKGROUND: American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association/European Society of Cardiology (ACC/AHA/ESC) guidelines gave fondaparinux a class I recommendation for use in @entity1 with non-ST elevation @entity1187 (NSTE-ACS) undergoing invasive or conservative strategy. @entity11270 is one of the common anticoagulants used in NSTE-ACS in China. Accordingly, this study compared the safety and efficacy between fondaparinux and nadroparin in @entity1 with NSTE-ACS. METHODS: In this prospective, randomized, open-label, and single center study, a total of 300 @entity1 with NSTE-ACS were randomized to receive either fondaparinux (group F, n = 150, 2.5 mg/d) or @entity11270 (group N, n = 150, 0.1 ml/10 kg q12 h) for a mean of 4 days. The primary safety endpoint was the incidence of @entity548 at 9 days that was not related to coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). The primary efficacy endpoints included @entity204 , @entity583 , or recurrent @entity63 at 9 days. All @entity1 underwent a 180-day follow-up. RESULTS: Baseline characteristics were well matched between the two groups. There was a non-significant 28% relative risk reduction in the primary safety endpoint in group F compared with group N (4.7% vs. 6.7%, HR 0.72, 95%CI 0.42-1.65, P = 0.38). The primary efficacy endpoint was 8.0% in group F and 10.0% in group N (HR, 0.82, 95%CI 0.54-1.71, P = 0.49). The composite of the safety and efficacy endpoints at 9 days (10.0% vs. 16.0%, HR 0.61, 95%CI 0.31-1.10, P = 0.10), 30 days (14.0% vs. 17.9%, HR 0.72, 95%CI 0.47-1.16, P = 0.21), or 180 days (18.7% vs. 27.3%, HR 0.65, 95%CI 0.38-1.11, P = 0.11) showed a non-significant trend toward a lower value in group F. CONCLUSION: Fondaparinux resulted in a nonsignificant risk reduction in @entity1 with NSTE-ACS in both @entity548 and ischaemic events during short- and long-term follow-up compared with nadroparin.

title: Comparison of safety and efficacy between fondaparinux and nadroparin in non-ST elevation XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['acute coronary syndromes']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding', 'major or minor bleeding']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity11270 :: ('MESH:D017762', 'Chemical') :: ['nadroparin', 'Nadroparin']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity1187 :: (MESH:D054058,Disease) :: ['acute coronary syndromes']


abstract: The use of complementary therapies by @entity1 with @entity5 is increasingly common, despite limited evidence for their efficacy and safety. The widespread use of complementary therapies has major implications for research and practice. In this paper, we provide an overview of the current state of knowledge regarding issues related to the use of complementary therapies by @entity1 with @entity5 . So far, complementary therapies have not been defined very well, which makes it difficult to assess the precise extent of their use. The difference in philosophy underlying conventional and complementary treatments appears to contribute to the attractiveness of complementary therapies. Conventional medical practitioners are beginning to recognize the importance of many of the elements of this philosophy, which is evidenced in the @entity1 -centered model. Explaining how @entity1 with @entity5 make the decision to use complementary therapies has been the subject of many studies. However, as yet, no formal theory of decision making has been developed. Communication between @entity1 and physicians about complementary therapies is an important part of the @entity1 ' decision-making process. Many gaps can be identified in knowledge of complementary therapy use by @entity1 with @entity5 . Not only is there a need to increase knowledge by conducting more research and improving the research infrastructure, but attention should also be paid to information dissemination, education, and planning and development of health policies.

title: XXXX care: an overview.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Complementary therapies and cancer']