abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity5550 ( @entity5550 ) is associated with several psychological and medical problems, such as @entity28 . Approximately 30% of individuals seeking weight loss treatments present @entity6426 symptomatology. Moreover, current treatments for @entity5550 lack efficacy at follow-up assessments. Developing mindfulness and self-compassion seem to be beneficial in treating @entity5550 , although there is still room for improvement, which may include integrating these different but complimentary approaches. BEfree is the first program integrating psychoeducation-, mindfulness-, and compassion-based components for treating @entity1 with @entity6426 and @entity28 . OBJECTIVE: To test the acceptability and efficacy up to 6-month postintervention of a psychological program based on psychoeducation, mindfulness, and self-compassion for @entity28 or overweight @entity1 with @entity5550 . DESIGN: A controlled longitudinal design was followed in order to compare results between BEfree (n  =  19) and waiting list group (WL; n  =  17) from preintervention to postintervention. Results from BEfree were compared from preintervention to 3- and 6-month follow-up. RESULTS: BEfree was effective in eliminating @entity5550 ; in diminishing eating psychopathology, @entity308 , shame and self-criticism, body-image @entity458 , and body-image cognitive fusion; and in improving @entity28 -related quality of life and self-compassion when compared to a WL control group. Results were maintained at 3- and 6-month follow-up. Finally, @entity1 rated BEfree helpful for dealing with impulses and negative internal experiences. CONCLUSIONS: These results seem to suggest the efficacy of BEfree and the benefit of integrating different components such as psychoeducation, mindfulness, and self-compassion when treating @entity5550 in @entity28 or overweight @entity1 . KEY PRACTITIONER MESSAGE: The current study provides evidence of the acceptability of a psychoeducation, mindfulness, and compassion program for @entity6426 in @entity28 (BEfree); Developing mindfulness and self-compassionate skills is an effective way of diminishing @entity6426 , eating psychopathology and @entity308 , and increasing quality of life in @entity1 with @entity28 ; Integrating psychoeducation, mindfulness, and compassion seem to be effective in diminishing @entity6426 , with results maintained up to 6-month postintervention.

title: BEfree: A new psychological program for XXXX that integrates psychoeducation, mindfulness, and compassion.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obese', 'obesity']

entities_list: @entity6426 :: ('MESH:D002032', 'Disease') :: ['binge eating']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['psychological inflexibility']

entities_list: @entity5550 :: ('MESH:D056912', 'Disease') :: ['BED', 'Binge eating disorder']

answer: @entity6426 :: (MESH:D002032,Disease) :: ['binge eating']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Inflammasome-activated @entity635 plays a major role in lung @entity32 induced by inhaled @entity3440 . However, the exact mechanisms that contribute to the initial production of precursor @entity635 (pro- @entity635 ) are still unclear. Here, we assessed the implication of alarmins ( @entity634 , @entity26051 and @entity8919 ) in the lung response to @entity3440 particles and found that @entity634 is a master cytokine that regulates @entity635 expression. METHODS: Pro- and mature @entity635 as well as alarmins were assessed by ELISA, Western Blot or qRT-PCR in macrophage cultures and in @entity19 lung following nano- and micrometric @entity3440 exposure. Implication of these immune mediators in the establishment of lung inflammatory responses to @entity3440 was investigated in knock-out @entity19 or after antibody blockade by evaluating pulmonary neutrophil counts, @entity18510 expression and degree of @entity130 . RESULTS: We found that the early release of @entity634 and @entity26051 , but not @entity8919 in alveolar space preceded the lung expression of pro- @entity635 and @entity32 in @entity3440 -treated @entity19 . In vitro, the production of pro- @entity635 by alveolar macrophages was significantly induced by recombinant @entity634 but not by @entity26051 . Neutralization or deletion of @entity634 reduced @entity635 production and neutrophil accumulation after @entity3440 in @entity19 . Finally, @entity634 released by J774 macrophages after in vitro exposure to a range of micro- and nanoparticles of @entity3440 was correlated with the degree of @entity55 induced in vivo by these particles. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrated that in response to @entity3440 exposure, @entity634 is rapidly released from pre-existing stocks in alveolar macrophages and promotes @entity55 through the stimulation of @entity635 production. Moreover, we demonstrated that in vitro @entity634 release from macrophages can be used to predict the acute inflammogenic activity of @entity3440 micro- and nanoparticles.

title: The alarmin XXXX is a master cytokine in @entity55 induced by @entity3440 micro- and nanoparticles.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['neutrophilic inflammation']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['subsequent lung inflammation', 'lung inflammation']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['histological injury']

answer: @entity634 :: (16175(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['IL-1a']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Neurogenesis in the adult brain appears to be phylogenetically conserved across the animal kingdom. In pigeons and other adult non-oscine birds, immature neurons are observed in several prosencephalic areas, suggesting that neurogenesis may participate in the control of different behaviors. The mechanisms controlling neurogenesis and its relevance to @entity146 in non-oscine birds remain elusive. Herein, the contribution of the environment to behavior and neurogenesis of pigeons was investigated. Adult pigeons ( @entity22036 , n  =  6/group), housed in standard (SE) or enriched environment (EE) for 42  days, were exposed to an unfamiliar environment (UE) followed by presentation to a novel object (NO). Video recordings of UE+NO tests were analyzed and scored for latency, duration and frequency of angular head movements, peeping, grooming, immobility and locomotion. Twenty-four hours later, pigeons were submitted to the tonic immobility test (TI) and number of trials for TI and TI duration were scored, followed by euthanasia 2  h later. Brains were immunohistochemically processed to reveal doublecortin ( @entity63786 ), a marker for newborn neurons. Compared to those housed in SE, the pigeons housed in EE responded to a NO with more immobility. In addition, the pigeons housed in EE presented longer TI, more @entity63786 -immunoreactive ( @entity63786 -ir) cells in the hippocampus and fewer @entity63786 -ir cells in the lateral striatum than those housed in SE. There was no correlation between the number of @entity63786 -ir cells and the scores of immobility in behavioral tests. Together, these data suggest that enrichment favored behavioral inhibition and neurogenesis in the adult pigeons through different, parallel mechanisms.

title: XXXX and prosencephalic neurogenesis in pigeons ( @entity22036 ) are affected by environmental enrichment in adulthood.

entities_list: @entity22036 :: ('8932', 'Species') :: ['Columba livia']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['defensive behaviors']

answer: @entity146 :: (MESH:D001523,Disease) :: ['Defensive behaviors']


abstract: The cell wall of the unicellular green alga @entity2060 consists of an insoluble, @entity720 -rich glycoprotein framework and several chaotrope-soluble, @entity720 -containing glycoproteins. Up to now, there have been no data concerning the @entity535 sequences of the @entity720 -containing polypeptides of the insoluble wall fraction. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight analyses of peptides released from the insoluble cell wall fraction by trypsin treatment revealed the presence of 14 peptide fragments that could be attributed to non-glycosylated domains of the chaotrope-soluble cell wall glycoprotein GP2. However, these peptides cover only 15% of the GP2 polypeptide backbone. Considerably more information concerning the presence of GP2 in the insoluble cell wall fraction was obtained by an immunochemical approach. For this purpose, 407 overlapping pentadecapeptides covering the whole known @entity535 sequence of GP2 were chemically synthesized and probed with a polyclonal antibody raised against the deglycosylated, insoluble cell wall fraction. This particular antibody reacted with 297 of the 407 GP2-derived peptides. The peptides that were recognized by this antibody are distributed over the whole known GP2 sequence. The epitopes recognized by polyclonal antibodies raised against the 64- and 45-kDa constituents purified from the deglycosylation products of the insoluble cell wall fraction are also distributed over the whole GP2 backbone, although the corresponding antigens are considerably smaller than GP2. The significance of the latter results for the structure of the insoluble cell wall fraction is discussed.

title: The chaotrope-soluble glycoprotein GP2 is a precursor of the insoluble glycoprotein framework of the XXXX cell wall.

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity720 :: ('CHEBI:18095', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxyproline']

entities_list: @entity2060 :: ('3055', 'Species') :: ['Chlamydomonas reinhardtii']

answer: @entity2060 :: (3055,Species) :: ['Chlamydomonas']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The outcomes of ureteroscopy (URS) after urgent decompression and antibiotics for @entity1 who initially present with urosepsis due to obstructive @entity1791 have not been previously evaluated. The aim of this study was to compare the outcomes and complications of URS in @entity1 with a recent history of @entity295 in comparison to those without @entity295 . METHODS: The study included 138 @entity1 who underwent URS for stone removal from January 2004 to September 2011 at a university medical center. A matched-pair analysis was performed using 3 parameters (age, gender and race) to compare outcomes and complications between 69 @entity1 who had @entity295 versus a matched cohort who did not have @entity295 prior to URS. RESULTS: The study included 138 @entity1 , 88 females (64%) and 50 males (36%) with median age 57.5 (range, 18-88). @entity1 with prior @entity295 had similar @entity1 characteristics and stone free rates (81% vs 77%) compared to @entity1 without prior @entity295 (p > 0.05). However, @entity1 with prior @entity295 had a significantly higher complications rate (20% vs 7%), longer length of hospital stay (LOS) and longer courses of postoperative antibiotics after URS (p < 0.05). Two @entity6 @entity1 developed @entity295 postoperatively (1 with and 1 without prior @entity295 ) and 5 @entity1 with prior @entity295 developed @entity86 . CONCLUSIONS: URS after decompression for @entity1791 related @entity295 has similar success but higher complication rates, greater LOS and longer course of postoperative antibiotics. This is important in counseling @entity1 who present for definitive URS after urgent decompression for @entity1791 related @entity295 . .

title: CLINICAL OUTCOMES AFTER URETEROSCOPIC LITHOTRIPSY IN XXXX WHO INITIALLY PRESENTED WITH UROSEPSIS: MATCHED PAIR COMPARISON TO ELECTIVE URETEROSCOPY.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative fever']

entities_list: @entity1791 :: ('MESH:D052878', 'Disease') :: ['urolithiasis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['PATIENTS']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity2518 -mediated sonodynamic therapy (ALA-SDT) effectively induces the apoptosis of atherogenic macrophages, but whether it can stabilise @entity731 in vivo is unclear. Here, we used an animal model to evaluate the effects of ALA-SDT on @entity527 . Sixty @entity95 were induced @entity731 in the femoral artery with a combination of silastic tube placement with atherogenic diet, and randomly assigned into control (n = 12) and SDT (n = 48) groups. In the SDT group, after intravenous injected with ALA (60 mg/kg) animals underwent the treatment of ultrasound with intensities of 0.75, 1.00, 1.50 and 2.00 W/cm   (n = 12 for each intensity). Seven days after the treatment, the plaque disruption assay was performed to test plaque stability. We found that ALA-SDT with ultrasound intensity of 1.5 W/cm   showed the strongest efficacy to stabilise plaques. Under this condition, the frequency of plaque disruption decreased by 88   % (p <   0.01), positive area of macrophages reduced by 94   % (p <   0.001) and percentage content of lipids dropped by 60   % (p <   0.001), while percentage content of collagens increased by 127   % (p <   0.001). We also found that the @entity527 by ALA-SDT was associated with increased macrophage apoptosis and apoptotic cell clearance. Moreover, ALA-SDT decreased the contents and activities of @entity2501 ,9 and increased the levels of tissue inhibitors of @entity721 ,2 in plaques. Our studies demonstrate that ALA-SDT promotes @entity527 by inducing macrophage elimination and inhibiting matrix degradation. This method might be a promising regimen for @entity731 therapy.

title: Rapid stabilisation of XXXX with @entity2518 -mediated sonodynamic therapy.

entities_list: @entity527 :: ('MESH:D058225', 'Disease') :: ['plaque stabilisation']

entities_list: @entity2518 :: ('CHEBI:17549', 'Chemical') :: ['5-Aminolevulinic acid']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis', 'atherosclerotic plaques', 'atherosclerotic plaque']

answer: @entity731 :: (MESH:D050197,Disease) :: ['atherosclerotic plaque']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Household air pollution (HAP) due to biomass cooking fuel use is an important risk factor for a range of diseases, especially among adult @entity1 who are primary cooks, in India. About 80% of rural households in India use biomass fuel for cooking. The aim of this study is to estimate the attributable cases (AC) for four major diseases/conditions associated with biomass cooking fuel use among adult Indian @entity1 . METHODS: We used the population attributable fraction (PAF) method to calculate the AC of chronic @entity3617 , @entity378 ( @entity378 ), @entity231 , and @entity2209 due to exposure to biomass cooking fuel. A number of data sources were accessed to obtain population totals and disease prevalence rates. A meta-analysis was conducted to obtain adjusted pooled odds ratios (ORs) for strength of association. Using this, PAF and AC were calculated using a standard formula. Results were presented as number of AC and 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS: The fixed effects pooled OR obtained from the meta-analysis were 2.37 (95% CI: 1.59, 3.54) for chronic @entity3617 , 2.33 (1.65, 3.28) for @entity378 , 2.16 (1.42, 3.26) for @entity231 , and 1.26 (1.12, 1.43) for @entity2209 . PAF varied across conditions being maximum (53%) for chronic @entity3617 in rural areas and least (1%) for @entity231 in older age and urban areas. About 2.4 (95% CI: 1.4, 3.1) of 5.6 m cases of chronic @entity3617 , 0.3 (0.2, 0.4) of 0.76 m cases of @entity378 , 5.0 (2.8, 6.7) of 51.4 m cases of @entity231 among adult Indian @entity1 and 0.02 (0.01, 0.03) of 0.15 m @entity2209 across India are attributable to HAP due to biomass cooking fuel. These estimates should be cautiously interpreted in the light of limitations discussed which relate to exposure assessment, exposure characterization, and age-specific prevalence of disease. CONCLUSIONS: HAP due to biomass fuel has diverse and major impacts on @entity1 's health in India. Although challenging, incorporating the agenda of universal clean fuel access or cleaner technology within the broader framework of rural development will go a long way in reducing disease burden.

title: Disease burden due to biomass cooking-fuel-related household air pollution among XXXX in India.

entities_list: @entity3617 :: ('MESH:D001991', 'Disease') :: ['bronchitis']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

entities_list: @entity2209 :: ('MESH:D050497', 'Disease') :: ['stillbirths']

entities_list: @entity378 :: ('MESH:D014376', 'Disease') :: ['TB', 'tuberculosis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: While the delivery of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) is an attractive strategy to treat several clinical conditions, siRNA-nanocarriers' stability after intravenous administration is still a major obstacle for the development of RNA-interference based therapies. But, although the need for stability is well recognized, the notion that strong stabilization can decrease nanocarriers' efficiency is sometimes neglected. In this work we evaluated two stealth functionalization strategies to stabilize the previously validated @entity25738 ( @entity25738 ): @entity3107 (MO) siRNA-lipoplexes. The nanocarriers were pre- and post-pegylated, forming vectors with different stabilities in biological fluids. The stealth nanocarriers' behavior was tested under biological mimetic conditions, as the production of stable siRNA-lipoplexes is determinant to achieve efficient intravenous siRNA delivery to @entity5 cells. Upon incubation in human serum for 2h, by fluorescence Single Particle Tracking microscopy, @entity970 -coated lipoplexes were found to have better colloidal stability as they could maintain a relatively stable size. In addition, using fluorescence fluctuation spectroscopy, post-pegylation also proved to avoid siRNA dissociation from the nanocarriers in human serum. Concomitantly it was found that @entity970 -coated lipoplexes improved cellular uptake and transfection efficiency in H1299 cells, and had the ability to silence @entity1861 , affecting the survival of K562 cells. Based on an efficient cellular internalization, good silencing effect, good siRNA retention and good colloidal stability in human serum, @entity25738 :MO (2:1) siRNA-lipoplexes coated with @entity970 - @entity24399 are considered promising nanocarriers for further in vivo validation. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This work describes two stealth functionalization strategies for the stabilization of the previously validated @entity25738 ( @entity25738 ): @entity3107 (MO) siRNA-lipoplexes. These nanocarriers are capable of efficiently incorporating and delivering siRNA molecules to cells in order to silence genes whose expression is implicated in a pathological condition. The main objective was to functionalize these nanocarriers with a coating conferring protection to siRNA in blood without compromising its efficient delivery to @entity5 cells, validating the potential of @entity25738 :MO (2:1) siRNA-lipoplexes as therapeutic vectors. We show that the stealth strategy is determinant to achieve a stable and efficient nanocarrier, and that @entity25738 :MO mixtures have a very promising potential for systemic siRNA delivery to leukemic cells.

title: Stealth @entity3107 -based nanocarriers for delivery of siRNA to XXXX cells.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity3107 :: ('MESH:C005953', 'Chemical') :: ['monoolein']

entities_list: @entity25738 :: ('MESH:C015831', 'Chemical') :: ['dioctadecyldimethylammonium bromide', 'DODAB']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity20702 is an entomopathogenic fungus and is a rare cause of @entity1036 . We present a case of @entity364 caused by @entity20702 that was diagnosed by in vivo confocal microscopy and in vitro corneal cultures. In addition, we determined the temperature- and drug-sensitivities of the isolated strain of @entity20702 . CASE PRESENTATION: A 59-year-old Japanese @entity1 with a 2-month history of @entity1036 was examined by slit-lamp biomicroscopy, in vivo confocal microscopy, and histology and cultures of corneal scrapings. The corneal scrapings were used to determine the minimal inhibitory concentrations of different antifungal drugs and also to determine the temperature-sensitivity. In vivo confocal microscopy and histological examinations showed filamentous @entity364 . The characteristics of the fungal growth indicated that the @entity1036 was caused by @entity20702 . The @entity1036 responded poorly to systemic and topical @entity5074 and to @entity5896 ointment. However, it was resolved after changing the @entity5896 to @entity1331 combined with surgical debridement. The isolated strain was sensitive to @entity2059 , @entity5897 , @entity1331 , @entity5074 , and resistant to @entity4895 and @entity2380 . It was moderately sensitive to @entity2379 , and @entity5896 . After 7 days in culture, the isolate grew small white colonies at 25   C, very small colonies at 35   C and 37   C. CONCLUSION: The drug-sensitivity and temperature-sensitivity profiles of @entity20702 should be helpful in the treatment of @entity20702 @entity1036 . Therapeutic surgery may be helpful for @entity1036 poorly responsive to medical therapy alone.

title: @entity364 caused by XXXX : drug and temperature sensitivity profiles: a case report.

entities_list: @entity1331 :: ('MESH:C121905', 'Chemical') :: ['micafungin']

entities_list: @entity5897 :: ('MESH:D008825', 'Chemical') :: ['miconazole']

entities_list: @entity2379 :: ('MESH:D000666', 'Chemical') :: ['amphotericin B']

entities_list: @entity1036 :: ('MESH:D007634', 'Disease') :: ['mycotic keratitis', 'keratitis']

entities_list: @entity2380 :: ('MESH:D015725', 'Chemical') :: ['fluconazole']

entities_list: @entity4895 :: ('MESH:D005437', 'Chemical') :: ['flucytosine']

entities_list: @entity20702 :: ('475271', 'Species') :: ['Beauveria bassiana', 'B. bassiana']

entities_list: @entity364 :: ('MESH:D009181', 'Disease') :: ['fungal keratitis']

entities_list: @entity5074 :: ('MESH:C102790', 'Chemical') :: ['voriconazole']

entities_list: @entity5896 :: ('MESH:D010866', 'Chemical') :: ['natamycin']

entities_list: @entity2059 :: ('MESH:D017964', 'Chemical') :: ['itraconazole']

answer: @entity20702 :: (475271,Species) :: ['Beauveria bassiana']


abstract: A spectrophotometric assay is presented for monitoring the regulation of cell division by the polypeptide alpha-factor in cultures of living cells of @entity375 @entity375 . This assay is simple, automated, and may have wider application in the study of other eucaryotic cells that do not require anchorage for cell growth. The kinetics of absorbance change were monitored continuously over time in @entity375 cell cultures that were mixed and aerated in cuvettes fitted with top-loading propeller stirrers. The absorbance doubling time. @entity8527 (Abs), was identical to the cell number doubling time in the absence of cell division arrest by alpha-factor. alpha-Factor lengthened the @entity8527 (Abs) during division arrest. At pH 5.8, 10(5) 381G cells/ml, the Khalf-maximal was 250 +/- 50 nM alpha-factor for the @entity8527 (Abs) increase during arrest, with a maximum increase of five-fold. After a period of time the @entity8527 (Abs) abruptly shortened. This is defined as the spectrophotometric recovery time (RTspec) and was compared to the time of recovery that is due to the reinitiation of cell division monitored by bud emergence (RTBE). RTBE occurred 40 +/- 5 min prior to RTspec when recovery was spontaneous or was artificially induced by the removal of alpha-factor (pH 5.8, 381G). The difference between RTBE and RTspec was independent of alpha-factor concentration between 0.05 and 1 microM and cell concentration between 1 and greater than or equal to 25 x 10(5) cells/ml (pH 5.8, 381G) but was both pH and cell strain dependent. At pH 5.8 and 2.7 the recovery from arrest occurred by inactivation of alpha-factor. The @entity8527 (Abs) increase during arrest appears to be due to an alpha-factor-induced inhibition of net cell mass increase, an effect that has not been reported previously. Evidence is presented that this process is also correlated with the formation of cell projections.

title: Automated spectrophotometric assay for cell division regulation in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity375 :: ('4932', 'Species') :: ['Saccharomyces cerevisiae', 'yeast']

answer: @entity375 :: (4932,Species) :: ['yeast']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Achieving clear surgical margins in @entity3852 ( @entity3852 ) can be difficult due to @entity5 location or @entity1 comorbidity. Clinical impression suggests that radiation treatment achieves good control of macroscopic disease. METHODS: A retrospective chart review was undertaken of all @entity1 with pathological evidence of @entity3852 and treated with curative intent at the BC Cancer Agency between 1979 and 2007. This is a report on the outcomes of those with gross disease treated with radiotherapy, without radical surgery. RESULTS: Fifty-seven @entity1 received definitive radiotherapy to the primary and/or nodal disease. Median age was 75  years and median follow-up was 34  months (84.5  months for those alive at last follow-up). American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage distribution was 23, 19, and 58  % for stages I, II, and III, respectively. Tumor control at sites treated for macroscopic disease was 88  % at 12  months and 82  % at 2  years, and 5-year local @entity4557 ( @entity4557 ) was 90  %. Five-year @entity4557 , @entity5 -specific survival (CSS), and overall survival were 57, 68, and 39  %, respectively. On univariate and multivariate analyses, only male sex was associated with a worse @entity4557 , and a radiotherapy dose >50  Gy was associated with a better CSS. LIMITATIONS: The retrospective nature of the study and small sample size limit the strength of the conclusions. CONCLUSIONS: Radical radiotherapy is effective in the curative treatment of @entity3852 , especially in @entity1 who would tolerate wide surgical excision poorly, or where it would cause significant @entity71 .

title: XXXX treated with radiotherapy without radical surgical excision.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3852 :: ('MESH:D015266', 'Disease') :: ['Merkel cell carcinoma', 'MCC']

entities_list: @entity4557 :: ('MESH:D012008', 'Disease') :: ['RFS', 'relapse-free survival']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity71 :: ('MESH:D001289', 'Disease') :: ['cosmetic or functional deficits']

answer: @entity3852 :: (MESH:D015266,Disease) :: ['Outcomes of Merkel cell carcinoma']


abstract: PURPOSE: Comprehensive multidisciplinary weight management programs encompassing various conservative measures have shown only modest @entity353 results in @entity28 @entity1 and adolescents; therefore, bariatric surgery for this population has become a matter of discussion. This study aimed to present our experience with and outcomes for laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) and laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB) in morbidly @entity28 Korean adolescents. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The prospectively established database of all @entity1 undergoing bariatric surgery at Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Korea between January 2011 and January 2013 was retrospectively reviewed. Adolescents aged 14 to 20 years were included in the present analyses. RESULTS: Twenty-two adolescents underwent bariatric surgery during the study period; 14 underwent LSG and 8, LRYGB. Of these, 17 were female and 5 were male. The mean age was 19 years. Their mean body weight and body mass index (BMI) before surgery were 115 kg and 40.1 kg/m  . The only postoperative complication was intraluminal bleeding in 1 @entity1 , which was managed conservatively. The mean BMI decreased to 29.1 kg/m   after a mean follow-up of 10 months. The percent excess @entity353 (%EWL) at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively were 19.6, 39.9, 52.6, and 74.2%, respectively. Only 1 @entity1 showed %EWL less than 30% at 12 months after surgery. All @entity1 with @entity6 and sleep @entity386 were cured of their disease, and other comorbidities also improved or resolved after surgery. CONCLUSION: Bariatric surgery leads to significant short-term @entity353 along with resolution of @entity28 -related comorbidities in @entity28 @entity1 and adolescents.

title: Clinical experience of XXXX surgery in morbidly @entity28 Korean adolescents.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obese', 'obesity']

answer: @entity353 :: (MESH:D015431,Disease) :: ['weight loss']


abstract: PURPOSE: Assessment in the field of rehabilitation tries to establish the impairment of the functional health on basis of an existent @entity1479 . Regarding the same disease there can be very different states of functional health. Within the interdisciplinary rehabilitation field the ICF is supposed to be an appropriate format to function as a common assessment tool. METHODOLOGY: A rehabilitation center had gathered data (n=77) with an ICF core set for @entity146 rehabilitation that was analyzed with quantitative methods (secondary data analysis). The logic of data evaluation was as follows: are there autonomous types (factor analysis) of impairment concerning the ICF concepts and is there a systematically intervention allocation according to these types (comparison of means)? For this purpose the quantita-tive assessed ICF item selection was compared to the ICD-10 diagnosis @entity161 , @entity1316 or @entity1314 as well as with the quantified interventions as listed from the annuity insurance. RESULTS: The core set shows discriminant construct validity concerning ICD-10 diagnoses. Factor analysis identified 3 types of impairment of functional health independent of @entity1479 : cognitive, @entity1155 . The allocation of therapeutic interventions happens not yet systematically according to the impairment type. CONCLUSIONS: An autonomous rehabilitation assessment beyond the ICD-10 diagnosis is scientifically verified. Furthermore research is necessary which interventions are indicated for the several ICF impairment types what should lead to an increased efficiency.

title: [ICF assessment in the field of XXXX rehabilitation--a rationale for a stand-alone rehabilitation assessment].

entities_list: @entity1479 :: ('OMIM:252500', 'Disease') :: ['ICD disease', 'ICD-10 diseases']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

entities_list: @entity1316 :: ('MESH:D019964', 'Disease') :: ['affective disorder']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity1155 :: ('MESH:D011596', 'Disease') :: ['psychomotoric and emotional type']

entities_list: @entity1314 :: ('MESH:D010554', 'Disease') :: ['personality disorder']

answer: @entity146 :: (MESH:D001523,Disease) :: ['psychiatric']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 8223 Background: . @entity3391 receptor antagonists are being increasingly used in @entity158 management. Like @entity3652 and @entity284 other @entity3391 receptor antagonists that exist such as @entity7776 , @entity3393 , and @entity14031 have the potential to be useful in @entity5 symptom management. METHODS: medline search of all randomized controlled trials and clinical trials from 1966-2003 was performed for @entity3393 , @entity14031 and @entity7776 with attention to potential usefulness in symptom control. RESULTS: There were 37 trials involving the use of @entity14031 . All trials involved @entity158 management. Types of @entity158 included, @entity282 , phantom @entity158 , @entity14000 , @entity3949 and one study involving @entity5 . Most trials studied @entity282 . @entity14031 was most effective in @entity282 , phantom @entity158 and @entity3949 . It was ineffective in @entity5 and @entity14000 . There were six studies involving @entity7776 , and all except one involved @entity9 and most used @entity7776 intravenously. The @entity282 study showed no benefit. One @entity9 study showed no benefit over intravenous @entity3303 , but two studies were able to show @entity158 with @entity7776 infusions, compared to placebo. The remaining two studies were done in 1983 and 1973 and there was no data available. One @entity7776 study showed benefit in @entity1 with @entity1295 secondary to @entity15 . Three studies involving @entity3393 were found. One involved phantom @entity158 and was negative for benefit, one study examined @entity3393 in @entity3949 and @entity14000 and found improved analgesia only in @entity1 with @entity3949 . Finally, one study in postoperative chronic @entity158 showed no benefit for @entity3393 . CONCLUSION: More controlled studies need to be done with these agents, as it is still unclear whether or not they have a role in the management of @entity9 . The effect of @entity7776 in @entity5 related @entity1295 should also be studied. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: The other @entity3391 antagonists, @entity7776 , @entity3393 , @entity14031 : Role in XXXX therapeutics.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'cancer pain']

entities_list: @entity14031 :: ('MESH:D003915', 'Chemical') :: ['Dextromethorphan', 'dextromethorphan']

entities_list: @entity3393 :: ('MESH:D008559', 'Chemical') :: ['memantine']

entities_list: @entity3949 :: ('MESH:D003929', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity3652 :: ('MESH:D007649', 'Chemical') :: ['Ketamine']

entities_list: @entity3303 :: ('MESH:D008012', 'Chemical') :: ['lidocaine']

entities_list: @entity7776 :: ('MESH:D000547', 'Chemical') :: ['amantadine']

entities_list: @entity284 :: ('MESH:D008691', 'Chemical') :: ['methadone']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['decreased pain', 'pain', 'limb pain']

entities_list: @entity14000 :: ('MESH:D051474', 'Disease') :: ['postherpetic neuralgia']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative pain']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['multiple sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity9 :: ('MESH:D009437', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathic pain']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of @entity519 improvement in Hep-2 cell on @entity900 -induced apoptosis. METHOD: @entity1 @entity957 Hep-2 cells and @entity7738 -RNAi-Hep-2 cells were cultured in normoxic, @entity519 and reoxygenation condition. The inhibition of @entity900 on cell proliferation was evaluated by @entity98 assay. The influence of @entity900 on cell cycle and apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry. RESULT: The inhibition of @entity900 on cell proliferation was reduced by @entity519 . After @entity7738 gene was silenced, the inhibition of @entity900 on Hep-2 cell proliferation was increased apparently, but was still interfered partly by @entity519 . @entity519 could induce cell apoptosis decreased and enhance chemotherapeutic resistance. After reoxygenation, cell apoptosis induced by @entity900 was increased significantly (P < 0.05). @entity7738 -RNAi-Hep-2 cells under @entity519 also showed certain resistance to apoptosis but the sensitivity to @entity900 was higher than that of Hep-2 cells. When cells were returned from @entity519 to normoxic condition for some time, the apoptosis induced by @entity900 was increased significantly (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The improvement of @entity519 microenvironment with @entity7738 gene knockout could increase the sensitivity of Hep-2 cells to chemotherapy.

title: [The impact of @entity519 improvement on XXXX chemotherapy].

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['Hypoxia', 'hypoxic condition', 'hypoxic', 'hypoxia']

answer: @entity957 :: (MESH:D002294,Disease) :: ['laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to analyse @entity21562 -resistant @entity526 isolates from @entity1707 for the genetic basis of @entity21562 resistance, and to compare these data with those previously determined for @entity526 isolates from @entity291 and poultry. METHODS: Fourteen porcine @entity526 isolates were included in this study and subjected to serotyping, plasmid profiling and macrorestriction analysis. MICs of @entity21562 were determined by broth microdilution. The presence of the gene @entity64597 was confirmed by hybridization and PCR analysis. Transformation experiments were conducted to isolate @entity21562 resistance plasmids. The @entity64597 region of a @entity21562 resistance plasmid was cloned and sequenced. RESULTS: All @entity21562 -resistant @entity526 isolates exhibited MICs of @entity21562 >128 mg/L and carried the @entity64597 gene. A single isolate had a @entity64597 -carrying plasmid of approximately 35 kb, designated pMBSF1. Sequence analysis identified the @entity64597 gene flanked by truncated transposase genes. Moreover, a truncated copy of Tn5393 with complete @entity3639 resistance genes strA and strB was found upstream of the @entity64597 gene of pMBSF1. Chromosomally resistant @entity526 isolates, which shared the same BlnI macrorestriction pattern, differed in their @entity64597 hybridization patterns. CONCLUSION: The plasmid pMBSF1 is the smallest @entity64597 -carrying plasmid reported to date. Its @entity64597 region differed from those previously found in @entity526 isolates from @entity291 . Variations in the RFLPs of chromosomal EcoRI fragments carrying @entity64597 in isolates that had the same macrorestriction pattern might suggest variable chromosomal integration sites.

title: Molecular analysis of @entity21562 -resistant @entity526 isolates from XXXX .

entities_list: @entity21562 :: ('MESH:C035534', 'Chemical') :: ['florfenicol']

entities_list: @entity3639 :: ('MESH:D013307', 'Chemical') :: ['streptomycin']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli', 'E. coli']

answer: @entity1707 :: (9823,Species) :: ['pigs']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Ovariectomized (OVX) rodents model @entity1 menopause in that they rapidly gain weight, reduce spontaneous physical activity (SPA) and develop @entity209 including insulin resistance. How contrasting aerobic fitness levels impacts OVX-associated @entity209 is not known. Female @entity35 selectively bred for high and low intrinsic aerobic fitness (HCR and LCR, respectively) were maintained under sedentary conditions for 39 weeks. Midway through the observation period, OVX or sham (SHM) operations were performed providing HCR-SHM, HCR-OVX, LCR-SHM, LCR-OVX groups. @entity413 tolerance, energy expenditure and SPA were measured before and 4 weeks after surgery while body composition via DXA and adipose tissue distribution, brown adipose tissue (BAT) and skeletal muscle phenotype, hepatic lipid content, insulin resistance via HOMA-IR and AdipoIR, and blood lipids were assessed at sacrifice. Remarkably, HCR were protected from OVX-associated @entity101 and insulin resistance, observed only in LCR. HCR @entity35 were ~30% smaller, had ~70% greater SPA, consumed ~10% more relative energy, had greater skeletal muscle PGC1-a and ~40% more BAT. OVX did not increase energy intake and reduced SPA to the same extent in both HCR and LCR. LCR were particularly affected by an OVX-associated reduction in resting energy expenditure and experienced a reduction in relative BAT; resting energy expenditure correlated positively with BAT across all animals (r = 0.6, P<0.001). In conclusion, despite reduced SPA following OVX, high intrinsic aerobic fitness protects against OVX-associated @entity101 and insulin resistance. The mechanism may involve preservation of resting energy expenditure.

title: Female XXXX Selectively Bred for High Intrinsic Aerobic Fitness Are Protected from Ovariectomy-Associated Metabolic Dysfunction.

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['increases in adiposity']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['Glucose']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['Rats']


abstract: Different components of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) have been demonstrated in @entity731 . However, the involvement of the RAS in the complex process of in-stent restenosis is not yet clear. In this prospective, randomized, double-blind, controlled proof-of-concept study, we compared the 2 different pharmacological approaches, selective AT(1)-receptor-blockade with @entity1564 vs @entity1289 inhibition with @entity9383 to reduce in-stent restenosis after stent angioplasty of the superficial femoral artery. Twenty-two @entity101 @entity1 with stage IIb @entity8901 and severe @entity613 who had been successfully treated with percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) and stent implantation were randomly assigned to receive daily doses of either @entity1564 (32 mg) or @entity9383 (20 mg). Primary end point was restenosis 6 months after intervention, assessed by angiography. Secondary end points were @entity158 -free walking distance, determined by treadmill ergometry; determination of crurobrachial indices; and @entity121 ( @entity121 ). At 6 months, the rate of restenosis on angiography was 34% in the @entity1564 group and 71% in the @entity9383 group (P = .043). Relevant restenosis was found in 3 @entity1 (27%) in the @entity1564 group and in 7 @entity1 (64%) in the @entity9383 group. @entity1 in the @entity1564 group were able to walk farther on a treadmill (increase: 135 m +/- 20 m) compared with @entity1 in the @entity9383 group (increase: 83 m +/- 21 m). The @entity121 at the stent edge was not significantly different in the 2 groups ( @entity1564 : 1.9 mm +/- 0.5 mm; @entity9383 : 2.0 mm +/- 0.3 mm). This study revealed significant benefit of a pharmacological restenosis regimen using the AT(1)-receptor antagonist @entity1564 in @entity1 with severe @entity731 after superficial femoral artery stenting compared with treatment with the @entity1289 inhibitor @entity9383 . Further prospective studies in @entity1 are required to confirm these results.

title: Comparison of selective AT1-receptor blockade versus XXXX inhibition for restenosis prophylaxis in @entity1 with @entity8901 after stent angioplasty: a randomized, controlled, proof-of-concept study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity9383 :: ('MESH:C041125', 'Chemical') :: ['quinapril']

entities_list: @entity1564 :: ('MESH:C081643', 'Chemical') :: ['candesartan']

entities_list: @entity613 :: ('MESH:D007383', 'Disease') :: ['claudication']

entities_list: @entity8901 :: ('MESH:C564658', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral occlusive arterial disease']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis', 'atherosclerotic plaques']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['IMT', 'intima-media thickness']

answer: @entity1289 :: (1636,Gene) :: ['ACE']


abstract: AIMS: To investigate the results of our treatment policy, we present our institutional experience in the management of regional neck node metastases of @entity213 ( @entity213 ). METHODS: Between 1977 and 1997, 343 @entity1 presented with @entity213 , of whom 41 were treated for regional metastases, with parotidectomy and/or (selective) neck dissection. Histological analysis was performed on all operation specimens. @entity1 with multiple nodes and/or extra capsular @entity397 , at risk for recurrence, received adjuvant radiotherapy. RESULTS: Seventy-six percent of the regional metastases occurred within the first 2 years, but a delay of more than 5 years was also observed. Parotid gland (56%), neck levels II (39%) and V (22%) were most frequently involved. Twenty-four percent of @entity1 treated with curative intent failed at the regional site. Five years overall survival was 46%, with a median survival of 49 months. No survival differences emerged between @entity1 treated by surgery alone and @entity1 receiving adjuvant radiotherapy (P=0.14). Five @entity1 died of disease, of whom three with distant metastases. CONCLUSION: Regionally metastasized @entity213 is a serious disease with a high risk of regional recurrence, calling for combined surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy. A small subset of @entity1 with a long interval between completion of primary treatment and presence of regional nodes justifies a long follow-up.

title: Treatment results of regional metastasis from XXXX .

entities_list: @entity213 :: ('MESH:C535575', 'Disease') :: ['cutaneous head and neck squamous cell carcinoma', 'CHNSCC']

answer: @entity213 :: (MESH:C535575,Disease) :: ['cutaneous head and neck squamous cell carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The weight distribution of a random sample of Spanish population aged 25-60 years is described. The prevalence of @entity28 and overweight is estimated by sex, age group and cultural level. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: Weight, height and waist to hip ratio (WHR) were measured on 5,388 subjects aged 25-60 yr who participated in population Nutritional surveys carried out in four Spanish autonomous regions (Catalu  a, Pa  s Vasco, Madrid and Valencia) from 1989 to 1994. They were pooled together in order to build a national random sample. The sample was classified according to body mass index (BMI) (weight in kg/height in m2). Obesity was defined as BMI > or = 30 kg/m2. The prevalence of @entity28 by sex, age group and cultural level was estimated. Risk values for WHR were defined as WHR > 1 for @entity1 and WHR > 0.9 for @entity1 . RESULTS: The prevalence of @entity28 was 13.4%, 11.5% among @entity1 and 15.2% among @entity1 . Obesity increased with age in @entity1 and @entity1 , from 5.3% in the 25-34 yr group to 26.3% in the age group 55-60. Among those with a BMI > or = 30, 30.7% of @entity1 and 25.1% of @entity1 had also risk values for WHR. Educational level showed an inverse relationship with @entity28 , thus @entity28 was higher in less educated groups, particularly among @entity1 (p < 0.001). The geographical distribution of @entity28 showed a south-southeast trend, significant for males (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Prevalence of @entity28 in Spain was 13.4%, higher after 45 yr of age, particularly in @entity1 and less educated groups.

title: [Prevalence of XXXX in Spain: the SEEDO'97 study. Spanish Collaborative Group for the Study of Obesity].

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obesity']


abstract: AIM: Stretch is essential for maintaining the contractile phenotype of vascular smooth muscle cells, and small non-coding microRNAs are known to be important in this process. Using a Dicer knockout model, we have previously reported that microRNAs are essential for stretch-induced differentiation and regulation of L-type @entity460 channel expression. The aim of this study was to investigate the importance of the smooth muscle-enriched @entity40507 /145 microRNA cluster for stretch-induced differentiation of the portal vein. METHODS: Contractile force and depolarization-induced @entity460 influx were determined in portal veins from wild-type and @entity40507 /145 knockout @entity19 . Stretch-induced contractile differentiation was investigated by determination of mRNA expression following organ culture for 24  h under longitudinal load by a hanging weight. RESULTS: In the absence of @entity40507 /145, stretch-induced mRNA expression of contractile markers in the portal vein was reduced. This was associated with decreased amplitude of spontaneous activity and depolarization-induced contractile and intracellular @entity460 responses, while contractile responses to @entity750 were largely maintained. We found that these effects correlated with a reduced basal expression of the pore-forming subunit of L-type @entity460 channels and an increased expression of CaMKII   and the transcriptional repressor @entity67725 . CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that the microRNA-143/145 cluster plays a role in maintaining stretch-induced contractile differentiation and @entity460 signalling in the portal vein. This may have important implications for the use of these microRNAs as therapeutic targets in @entity455 .

title: Spontaneous activity and stretch-induced contractile differentiation are reduced in vascular smooth muscle of XXXX /145 knockout @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular disease']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

answer: @entity40507 :: (387161(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['miR-143']


abstract: BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: We urgently need novel treatments for @entity6371 ( @entity6371 ). Autologous mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) infusion is one such possibility due to its potential to repair damaged lung tissue and boost immune responses. We aimed to assess the safety and effectiveness of MSC to improve treatment outcomes among @entity6371 @entity1 . METHODS: We analyzed treatment outcomes for 108 Belarusian @entity6371 @entity1 receiving chemotherapy. Thirty-six @entity1 (cases) also had MSCs collected, extracted, cultured, and reinfused (average time from chemotherapy start to infusion was 49days) in optimal dose; another 36 @entity1 (without MSC treatment) were "study controls". We identified another control group: 36 @entity1 from the Belarusian national surveillance database (surveillance controls) 1:1 matched to cases. RESULTS: Successful outcomes were observed in 81% of cases, 42% of surveillance controls, and 39% of study controls. After adjusting for age, odds of a successful outcome were 6.5 (95% confidence interval, 1.2-36.2, p=0.032) times greater for cases than surveillance controls. Adjusting for other potential confounders increased the effect estimate while maintaining statistical significance. Cases were less likely (p=0.01) to be culture negative at 2months than surveillance controls, indicating a poorer initial prognosis in cases before (or shortly after) infusion. Radiological improvement was more likely in cases than in study controls. CONCLUSION: MSC treatment could vastly improve treatment outcomes for @entity6371 @entity1 . Our findings could revolutionize therapy options and have strong implications for future directions of @entity6371 therapy research.

title: Effectiveness of a novel cellular therapy to treat XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6371 :: ('MESH:D018088', 'Disease') :: ['MDR-TB', 'multidrug-resistant tuberculosis']

answer: @entity6371 :: (MESH:D018088,Disease) :: ['multidrug-resistant tuberculosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Germline DNA mutations that increase the susceptibility of a @entity1 to certain @entity5 have been identified in various genes, and @entity1 can be screened for mutations in these genes to assess their level of risk for developing @entity5 . Traditional methods using Sanger sequencing focus on small groups of genes and therefore are unable to screen for numerous genes from several @entity1 simultaneously. The goal of the present study was to validate a 25-gene panel to assess genetic risk for @entity5 in 8 different tissues using next generation sequencing (NGS) techniques. METHODS: Twenty-five genes associated with @entity4310 were selected for development of a panel to screen for risk of these @entity5 using NGS. In an initial technical assessment, NGS results for @entity5345 and @entity2674 were compared with Sanger sequencing in 1864 anonymized DNA samples from @entity1 who had undergone previous clinical testing. Next, the entire gene panel was validated using parallel NGS and Sanger sequencing in 100 anonymized DNA samples. Large rearrangement analysis was validated using NGS, microarray comparative genomic hybridization (CGH), and @entity734 ( @entity734 ). RESULTS: NGS identified 15,877 sequence variants, while Sanger sequencing identified 15,878 in the @entity5345 and @entity2674 comparison study of the same regions. Based on these results, the NGS process was refined prior to the validation of the full gene panel. In the validation study, NGS and Sanger sequencing were 100% concordant for the 3,923 collective variants across all genes for an analytical sensitivity of the NGS assay of >99.92% (lower limit of 95% confidence interval). NGS, microarray CGH and @entity734 correctly identified all expected positive and negative large rearrangement results for the 25-gene panel. CONCLUSION: This study provides a thorough validation of the 25-gene NGS panel and indicates that this analysis tool can be used to collect clinically significant information related to risk of developing @entity4310 .

title: Development and analytical validation of a 25-gene next generation sequencing panel that includes the @entity5345 and @entity2674 genes to assess XXXX risk.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity4310 :: ('MESH:D009386', 'Disease') :: ['hereditary cancer syndromes', 'hereditary cancers']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification analyses', 'MLPA']

answer: @entity4310 :: (MESH:D009386,Disease) :: ['hereditary cancer']


abstract: Objective. This study aims at establishing and validating an in vitro system to screen drug inducers of CYPs mediated via hPXR, as well as studying transcriptional regulation of CYPs mediated via hPXR by helicid and its two metabolites. Methods. Cloning the nuclear receptor hPXR and the promoters of CYP3A4, @entity11670 , @entity5060 , and inserting the trans-element to the upstream of firefly luciferase reporter gene of the @entity10168 .17 vectors, then cotransfecting the report vectors and hPXR expression plasmid to HepG2 cell line. After 24 hours, the transfected cells were treated with @entity64138 (0.004, 0.04, and 0.4    mol/L) and its metabolite I and metabolite II (0.0004, 0.004, and 0.04    mol/L) for 48   h, while @entity1215 (10    mol/L) was included as the positive control and 0.1% @entity3733 as the negative control group. Cells were lysized and luciferase activity was determined using a dual luciferase reporter assay kit. Results. Helicid and its metabolites did not significantly increase promoter activities of CYP3A4, @entity11670 , and @entity5060 in HepG2 cells transfected with @entity16566 expression plasmid (P > 0.05). Conclusion. @entity16566 -expressed CYP3A4, @entity11670 , and @entity5060 dual luciferase reporter gene platforms were successfully established, and helicid and its metabolites I, II do not significantly induce the transcription of CYP3A4, @entity11670 , and @entity5060 .

title: Transcriptional Regulation of CYP3A4/2B6/2C9 Mediated via Nuclear Receptor XXXX by Helicid and Its Metabolites.

entities_list: @entity1215 :: ('MESH:D012293', 'Chemical') :: ['rifampin']

answer: @entity16566 :: (8856,Gene) :: ['PXR']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Supervised walking exercise is an effective treatment to improve walking ability of @entity1 with @entity3657 ( @entity3657 ), but few exercise programs in community settings have been effective. The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of a community-based walking exercise program with training, monitoring and coaching (TMC) components to improve exercise performance and @entity1 -reported outcomes in @entity3657 @entity1 . This was a randomized, controlled trial including @entity3657 @entity1 (n=25) who previously received peripheral endovascular therapy or presented with stable claudication. @entity1 randomized to the intervention group received a comprehensive community-based walking exercise program with elements of TMC over 14 weeks. @entity1 in the control group did not receive treatment beyond standard advice to walk. The primary outcome in the intent-to-treat (ITT) analyses was peak walking time (PWT) on a graded treadmill. Secondary outcomes included claudication onset time (COT) and @entity1 -reported outcomes assessed via the Walking Impairment Questionnaire (WIQ). Intervention group @entity1 (n=10) did not significantly improve PWT when compared with the control group @entity1 (n=10) (mean  standard error: +2.1  0.7 versus 0.0  0.7 min, p=0.052). Changes in COT and WIQ scores were greater for intervention @entity1 compared with control @entity1 (COT: +1.6  0.8 versus -0.6  0.7 min, p=0.045; WIQ: +18.3  4.2 versus -4.6  4.2%, p=0.001). This pilot using a walking program with TMC and an ITT analysis did not improve the primary outcome in @entity3657 @entity1 . Other walking performance and @entity1 self-reported outcomes were improved following exercise in community settings. Further study is needed to determine whether this intervention improves outcomes in a trial employing a larger sample size.

title: Community-based walking exercise for XXXX : An exploratory pilot study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3657 :: ('MESH:D058729', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral artery disease', 'PAD']

answer: @entity3657 :: (MESH:D058729,Disease) :: ['peripheral artery disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Review the literature on secondary interventions performed for @entity1 who underwent endovascular repair of their type B @entity1580 . Endovascular repair for type B @entity1580 (TBAD) has been proven to be both technically feasible and beneficial in some @entity1 . However, the information regarding secondary interventions is not cohesive. To date, there are little data to help guide physicians on the indications and benefits of secondary interventions in the setting of previous endovascular repair for TBAD. METHODS: PubMed database was queried for publications using the following combination of keywords; " @entity1580 ," "type B," "secondary intervention," "false lumen @entity715 ," "stent graft," "aortic @entity5707 ," and endovascular repair. Sixteen articles were selected and reviewed for secondary interventions, indications for procedure, and effects on false lumen @entity715 . Data were collected, and a composite database of @entity1 was created. RESULTS: Literature review demonstrated 161 of 862 @entity1 required secondary interventions for entry tears, retrograde type A dissection, false @entity528 with aortic expansion, graft malfunction, and various access complications. The complete false lumen @entity715 rate was 33%, and overall mortality was 18.2%. CONCLUSIONS: Secondary interventions provide a useful adjunct to failing endovascular repair of @entity1580 . A variety of treatment options are available for @entity439 after @entity439 repair. This review also shows that these secondary interventions, in combination with proper surveillance and optimal medical management, are feasible but carry a high all-cause mortality.

title: Secondary interventions after endovascular repair of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1580 :: ('MESH:C562834', 'Disease') :: ['aortic dissections', 'aortic dissection']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['thoracic endovascular aneurysm', 'aneurysmal degeneration']

entities_list: @entity5707 :: ('MESH:D020257', 'Disease') :: ['remodeling']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['lumen degeneration']

answer: @entity1580 :: (MESH:C562834,Disease) :: ['aortic dissections']


abstract: This largest prospective multicenter trial for adult @entity1 with @entity2109 aimed to prove the efficacy and feasibility of short-intensive chemotherapy combined with the anti- @entity2225 antibody rituximab. From 2002 to 2011, 363 @entity1 16 to 85 years old were recruited in 98 centers. Treatment consisted of 6 5-day chemotherapy cycles with high-dose @entity1499 , high-dose @entity2592 , @entity786 , @entity2879 , ifosphamide, @entity288 , and triple intrathecal therapy. @entity1 >55 years old received a reduced regimen. Rituximab was given before each cycle and twice as maintenance, for a total of 8 doses. The rate of complete remission was 88% (319/363); @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) at 5 years, 80%; and progression-free survival, 71%; with significant difference between adolescents, adults, and elderly @entity1 ( @entity1349 rate of 90%, 84%, and 62%, respectively). Full treatment could be applied in 86% of the @entity1 . The most important prognostic factors were International Prognostic Index (IPI) score (0-2 vs 3-5; P = .0005), age-adjusted IPI score (0-1 vs 2-3; P = .0001), and gender (male vs female; P = .004). The high cure rate in this prospective trial with a substantial number of participating hospitals demonstrates the efficacy and feasibility of chemoimmunotherapy, even in elderly @entity1 . This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT00199082.

title: Improved outcome of adult XXXX with rituximab and chemotherapy: report of a large prospective multicenter trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity2109 :: ('MESH:D002051', 'Disease') :: ['Burkitt lymphoma/leukemia']

entities_list: @entity2592 :: ('MESH:D003561', 'Chemical') :: ['cytosine arabinoside']

entities_list: @entity2879 :: ('MESH:D005047', 'Chemical') :: ['etoposide']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity2109 :: (MESH:D002051,Disease) :: ['Burkitt lymphoma/leukemia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Mucocutaneous manifestations of @entity29 are relatively common; the mean incidence is around 10% at the time of diagnosis. However, during follow-up, an increased variety of @entity272 , @entity738 , reactive @entity272 , nutritional defiencies, and other @entity558 may develop. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of the mucocutaneous manifestations and their association with gender, duration of disease, @entity625 , @entity29 , and disease activity. METHODS: Fifty-six @entity1 with @entity31 ( @entity31 ) and 36 @entity1 with @entity30 ( @entity30 ) who were in follow-up in the Istanbul Medeniyet University G  ztepe Training and Research Hospital Department of Gastroenterology were included in the study. Whole-body dermatologic examinations were performed for all @entity1 , and @entity1 files were evaluated for mucocutaneous manifestations. RESULTS: Of the 92 @entity1 , 49 (53.26%) presented with at least one mucocutaneous manifestation (58.9% of @entity1 with @entity31 and 44.4% of @entity1 with @entity30 ). Of these, 38 (41.3%) had at least one reactive @entity272 . @entity7809 was noted in 33 @entity1 (35.86%) and became the most common mucocutaneous manifestation. @entity738 were detected in 18 @entity1 (19.57%), and none of the @entity1 had a @entity272 . Only 3 @entity1 (3.26%) had @entity5406 and 2 @entity1 (2.17%) had @entity6794 . CONCLUSIONS: We found that mucocutaneous manifestations of @entity29 are more common than thought and are more common in @entity31 than in @entity30 . No association was detected between mucocutaneous manifestions and gender, duration of disease, @entity625 , @entity29 , and activity of the disease.

title: Mucocutaneous manifestations of XXXX in Turkey.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity558 :: ('MESH:C536528', 'Disease') :: ['associated conditions']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['arthritis']

entities_list: @entity738 :: ('MESH:D006099', 'Disease') :: ['granulomatous cutaneous disease', 'Granulomatous cutaneous diseases']

entities_list: @entity6794 :: ('MESH:D017511', 'Disease') :: ['pyoderma gangrenosum']

entities_list: @entity7809 :: ('MESH:D013281', 'Disease') :: ['Aphthous stomatitis']

entities_list: @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative colitis', 'UC']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['location of the bowel disease', 'inflammatory bowel diseases']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin eruptions', 'skin lesions', 'skin eruption', 'nutritional deficiency-associated skin condition']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ['CD', 'Crohn disease']

entities_list: @entity5406 :: ('MESH:D004893', 'Disease') :: ['erythema nodosum']

answer: @entity29 :: (MESH:D015212,Disease) :: ['inflammatory bowel disease']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity957 of the lung usually presents as a local rather than a metastatic disease. We present a 55-year-old male who was referred to the orthopedics and traumatology clinic for evaluation of @entity158 and discomfort around the left ankle 2 months after diagnosis of locally advanced @entity1149 . Physical examination revealed nonspecific @entity158 and tenderness around the ankle. T2-weighted MR images showed lesions like a @entity236 around the talar head and neck. Whole body dynamic bone scan revealed a metastatic lesion only in the foot. The @entity1 died 4 months after diagnosis of the @entity3 . Early diagnosis of foot @entity3 may be challenging and delays in diagnosis of up to 24 months have been reported. Foot metastases are usually associated with advanced metastatic disease and survival rates are poor. Although metastatic disease of the foot is rare, it should be considered in the diagnosis of a @entity158 foot in the elderly @entity2 @entity1 . Palliative treatments such as @entity158 relief medications should be chosen for @entity1 with an expectancy of short survival whereas aggressive approaches may be applied for those with longer survival expectations.

title: Isolated foot @entity3 of squamous cell XXXX : a rare location.

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['Squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['non-small cell (squamous cell) lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'painful']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity236 :: ('MESH:D001855', 'Disease') :: ['bone marrow edema']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['carcinoma of the lung']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Technological properties and biogenic @entity4976 production were analyzed in 56 bacteriocinogenic lactococci and enterococci strains isolated from raw @entity1237 's milk. Fifteen lactococci strains were able to reduce milk pH to 5.3 or lower after 6 h, while enterococci strains were initially slow in producing acids. @entity16679 GLc06 and three strains of @entity797 (GEn20, GEn22, and GEn23) presented high proteolytic activity. @entity16679 GLc06 and @entity797 GEn22 also showed a high percentage of autolysis after only 4 h, reaching 71.11 and 97.67%, respectively, after 24 h. No strain was able to secrete exopolysaccharides, and @entity16679 GLc22 and 25 of the Enterococcus strains were able to produce @entity12741 . @entity16679 GLc05 and 23 of the Enterococcus strains presented a high tolerance to @entity4202 at 10% (wt/vol). Regarding biogenic @entity4976 production, 12 strains (5 lactococci and 7 enterococci) were capable of forming @entity6114 and 4 strains (1 lactococcus and 3 enterococci) were capable of forming @entity31688 , but in very low amounts. GLc06 presented great acidifying, proteolytic, and autolytic activities, and GLc05 was capable of growing at high @entity4202 concentrations (10%, wt/vol), possessing medium autolytic and proteolytic activities. Some enterococci strains produced @entity12741 and high autolytic and extracellular proteolytic activities and also presented resistance to high @entity4202 concentrations. The interesting technological properties presented by some bacteriocinogenic strains can justify their use by the dairy industry, with the aim of ensuring both safety due to @entity5618 production and technological transformations in fermented products.

title: Technological Properties and Biogenic Amines Production by Bacteriocinogenic Lactococci and Enterococci Strains Isolated from Raw XXXX 's Milk.

entities_list: @entity5618 :: ('CHEBI:48081', 'Chemical') :: ['bacteriocin']

entities_list: @entity16679 :: ('1360', 'Species') :: ['Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis', 'L. lactis subsp. lactis']

entities_list: @entity797 :: ('1351', 'Species') :: ['Enterococcus faecalis', 'E. faecalis']

entities_list: @entity31688 :: ('MESH:C029261', 'Chemical') :: ['2-phenylethylamine']

entities_list: @entity6114 :: ('MESH:D014439', 'Chemical') :: ['tyramine']

answer: @entity1237 :: (9925,Species) :: ['Goat']


abstract: Arrhythmogenic right @entity296 / @entity1141 (ARVC/D) is a rare @entity74 characterized by the presence of structural alterations in the right ventricle which may cause @entity943 and may induce @entity1164 . ARVC/D has been associated with mutations in genes encoding myocyte adhesion proteins. However, only 30%-50% of @entity1 have mutations in these genes. Genetic testing is useful in obtaining a diagnosis, particularly in individuals who do not completely fulfill clinical criteria, thereby also enabling the undertaking of preventive strategies in family members. The main goal of this study was to identify mutations in candidate genes associated with intercalate disks that could be potentially involved in ARVC/D pathogenesis. We analyze a cohort of 14 Spanish unrelated @entity1 clinically diagnosed with ARVC/D without any @entity74 in all previously known responsible genes. Thus, a genetic screening has been performed in 7 additional potential candidate genes ( @entity42696 -actin alpha cardiac muscle 1-, CDHN -cadherin 2 type 1 or @entity6076 -, @entity19207 - @entity19207 -, @entity495 or @entity495 - @entity495 -, MVCL - @entity10274 -, @entity18964 - @entity65307 - @entity3999 light chain 3-) by direct sequencing analysis. Our genetic analysis did not identify any disease-causing mutation. Thirty single nucleotides polymorphisms were found, six of them novel. In conclusion, our ARVC/D Spanish cohort has not shown any mutations in the analyzed candidate genes despite their involvement in formation and maintenance of the intercalated disk.

title: Genetic testing of candidate genes in arrhythmogenic right XXXX / @entity1141 .

entities_list: @entity1164 :: ('MESH:D016757', 'Disease') :: ['sudden cardiac death']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity495 :: ('2697', 'Gene') :: ['GJA1', 'Cx43', 'gap junction protein alpha 1']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['genetic alteration', 'cardiac genetic disease']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular arrhythmias']

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['dysplasia']

answer: @entity296 :: (MESH:D009202,Disease) :: ['ventricular cardiomyopathy']


abstract: In a water-exclusion experiment, five different ecotypes of beech (Fagus sylvatica L.; representing regions of different environmental and climatic conditions in Baden-W  rttemberg, Germany) were subjected to drought conditions of different severity between July and September of two consecutive years. Drought stress as characterised by the water content and the pre-dawn water potential of the leaves was related to the degree of mycorrhization, the type of ectomycorrhiza, and the physiological properties of individual fungus/plant interactions at the fine roots of different beech ecotypes. Our data show that decreased soil water availability did not significantly change either the degree of fungal colonisation of beech roots (measured by the amount of @entity12364 ) or the number of ectomycorrhizal types per root system. Drought did, however, have an influence on the composition of the ectomycorrhizal community, and different mycorrhizal types responded to drought differently in terms of their patterns of occurrence/abundance. While the abundance of the dominant mycorrhizal types, formed with Byssocorticium atrovirens and Lactarius subdulcis, was not affected, drought increased the abundance of mycorrhiza formed between beech and Xerocomus chrysenteron. A detailed analysis of plant and fungal @entity3363 in mycorrhizas indicated that different drought intensities led to distinguishable responses. In plants exhibiting a pre-dawn water potential of down to -1.96 MPa, drought caused the accumulation of @entity969 , @entity413 and @entity948 , and of fungus-specific compounds such as @entity2656 and @entity10499 in mycorrhizal roots at the expense of, e.g. @entity7970 . The accumulation of @entity8370 , which constitute compatible solutes known to counteract drought stress, was species-specific. Mycorrhizas with X. chrysenteron formed large amounts of @entity10499 , while those with L. subdulcis accumulated @entity2656 . Sustained partitioning of @entity505 towards the mycorrhizal fungi under drought was also reflected by an increase of @entity1568 storage in the fungal vacuoles. In treatments where the pre-dawn water potential reached values of as low as -2.4 MPa, such alterations were no longer found. In such plants, the starch and soluble @entity3363 content was generally reduced, which also resulted in a lack of increase in protective, fungus-specific @entity8370 . In summary, the data show that, within certain limits, an increase in drought causes a shift in plant/fungus communities. The shift in the pattern of fungus-specific compounds could possibly be used as a sensitive measure of physiological stress imposed on this symbiosis.

title: The effect of drought on mycorrhizas of beech (Fagus sylvatica L.): changes in community structure, and the content of @entity3363 and XXXX storage bodies of the fungi.

entities_list: @entity12364 :: ('MESH:D004875', 'Chemical') :: ['ergosterol']

entities_list: @entity2656 :: ('MESH:D008353', 'Chemical') :: ['mannitol']

entities_list: @entity7970 :: ('MESH:D014199', 'Chemical') :: ['trehalose']

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen']

entities_list: @entity3363 :: ('MESH:D002241', 'Chemical') :: ['sugars', 'carbohydrates']

entities_list: @entity8370 :: ('MESH:D013402', 'Chemical') :: ['sugar alcohols']

entities_list: @entity948 :: ('MESH:D005632', 'Chemical') :: ['fructose']

entities_list: @entity969 :: ('MESH:D013395', 'Chemical') :: ['sucrose']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity1568 :: (MESH:D009584,Chemical) :: ['nitrogen']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore an method and the effectiveness of surgical treatment of @entity378 complicated with severe @entity85 (Cobb angle >=  55  ) and @entity451 . METHODS: Between January 2009 and January 2013, 13 cases of @entity378 complicated with severe @entity85 and @entity451 were treated by one-stage posterior vertebral column resection (PVCR), debridement, bone grafting, and instrumentation fixation. Of 13 @entity1 , 7 were male and 6 were female with an average age of 23.5 years (range, 14-49 years). The disease duration was 13-38 months (mean, 19 months). The Cobb angle of @entity1513 was (65.23    7.95)  . The visual analogue scale score (VAS) was 7.38    0.31. In 13 @entity1 with incomplete @entity451 , 1 case was classified as Frankel grade B, 7 cases as grade C, and 5 cases as grade D. The lesion involved 2 vertebrae bodies in 7 cases (T8, 9 in 1 case, T11, 12 in 2 cases, and T12, L1 in 4 cases), 3 vertebrae bodies in 4 cases (T10-12 in 2 cases, T9-11 in 1 case, and T11-L1 in 1 case), and 4 vertebrae bodies in 2 cases (T4-7 in 1 case and T6-9 in 1 case). Imaging examination showed @entity733 in 10 cases. RESULTS: Healing of incision by first intention was obtained in all @entity1 . The @entity16 and @entity358 occurred in 3 cases and 2 cases respectively, which were cured after symptomatic treatment. Thirteen @entity1 were followed up 12-48 months (mean, 17 months). The erythrocyte sedimentation rate restored to normal level in all cases at 3-7 months after operation. All the @entity1 achieved bony fusion at 10-20 months (mean, 14 months) after operation. No fixation loosening, displacement, or @entity174 occurred during follow-up. Common toxic symptom of @entity378 disappeared, and there was no recurrence of local @entity378 . The Cobb angle of @entity1513 was corrected to (22.38    1.76)   at 1 week and (22.15    1.83)   at last follow-up, showing significant difference when compared with preoperative one (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in Cobb angle of @entity1513 between at 1 week after operation and at last follow-up (P > 0.05). The Frankel grading was grade B in 1 case, grade C in 10 cases, and grade D in 2 cases at 1 week after operation; and it was grade D in 1 case and grade E in 12 cases at last follow-up; significant differences were found between at pre- and post-operation (P < 0.05), and between at 1 week after operation and at last follow-up (P < 0.05). The VAS score was 4.08    0.76 at 1 week and 0.62    0.14 at last follow-up, showing significant differences between at pre- and post-operation (P < 0.05) and between at 1 week after operation and at last follow-up (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: One-stage PVCR, debridement, bone grafting, and instrumentation fixation is proved to be successful in treating @entity378 complicated with severe @entity85 and @entity451 .

title: [Surgical treatment of @entity378 complicated with severe @entity85 and XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological injury']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary infection']

entities_list: @entity733 :: ('MESH:D000038', 'Disease') :: ['paravertebral abscess']

entities_list: @entity451 :: ('MESH:C536857', 'Disease') :: ['paraplegia']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['kyphotic deformity']

entities_list: @entity378 :: ('MESH:D014376', 'Disease') :: ['thoracic and lumbar tuberculosis', 'tuberculosis']

answer: @entity451 :: (MESH:C536857,Disease) :: ['paraplegia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Only a few cases have been previously published about @entity1653 in @entity1 , the majority of them in the location of the spine. We describe an unusual case of @entity1653 occurring at the petro-clival region in a 5-year-old @entity1 . We further seek to determine the impact of several growth factors as well as the @entity584 mutation on the @entity5 growth pattern. CASE PRESENTATION: A five-year-old @entity1 was presented with a one-week history of @entity10 , @entity2055 , and left sided torticollis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a dumbbell-shaped homogeneously petro-clival @entity2287 -enhancing mass. A staged operative approach was chosen, and a complete removal of the @entity5 was achieved. Due to recurrent @entity5 progression, the @entity1 underwent several @entity5 surgeries and two cranial radiations. None of the treatments were able to stop @entity5 progression. Consequently, the @entity1 died at the age of 14 after further extensive @entity5 progression. The initial histological examination revealed a @entity1653 WHO grade II with an @entity1758 labeling index of <1  %, which gradually increased with every recurrence up to 10  % by the last progression at the age of 13  years. Analogically, an increasing overexpression of @entity470 ( @entity470 ), the @entity3820 ( @entity3820 ), and the @entity319 ( @entity319 ) was observed with each recurrence. The @entity584 ( @entity29837 ) mutation in the @entity5 was not detectable in all investigated specimens. CONCLUSION: Pediatric @entity1653 WHO grade II are very rare. Our data demonstrate the progressive overexpression of EGF-, PDGF-, and VEGF-receptors in each recurrence, providing one of these receptors as targeted therapy in such cases. Further evaluation of these growth factors in @entity1653 is required to establish the optimal treatment of these aggressive @entity5 .

title: A five year-old @entity1 with clear cell petro-clival XXXX : case report with clinical and histopathological long-term follow-up.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'girl', 'child']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors', 'intracranial and extracranial tumor']

entities_list: @entity470 :: ('1956', 'Gene') :: ['EGFR', 'epidermal growth factor receptor']

entities_list: @entity3820 :: ('5159', 'Gene') :: ['PDGFR', 'platelet-derived growth factor receptor']

entities_list: @entity1653 :: ('MESH:D008579', 'Disease') :: ['clear cell meningioma', 'clear cell meningiomas']

entities_list: @entity319 :: ('3791', 'Gene') :: ['VEGFR', 'vascular endothelial growth factor receptor']

entities_list: @entity29837 :: ('p|SUB|E|17|K', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['E17K']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['cephalgia']

entities_list: @entity2287 :: ('MESH:D005682', 'Chemical') :: ['gadolinium']

answer: @entity1653 :: (MESH:D008579,Disease) :: ['meningioma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: It remains unclear how deep brain stimulation (DBS) modulates the global neuronal network involving cortical activity. We aimed to evaluate changes in cortical activity in six (two @entity1 ; four @entity1 ) @entity1 with @entity191 ( @entity191 ) who underwent unilateral globus pallidus interna (GPI) DBS surgery using a multi-channel near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) system. As five of the @entity1 were right-handed, DBS was performed on the left in these five cases. The mean age was 66.8    4.0 years. The unified @entity191 rating scale (UPDRS) motor scores were evaluated at baseline and 1- and 6-month follow-up. Task-related NIRS experiments applying the block design were performed at baseline and 1-month follow-up. The mean of the total UPDRS motor score was 48.5    11.1 in the off-medication state preoperatively. Postoperatively, total UPDRS motor scores improved to 26.8    16.6 (p < 0.05) and 22.2    8.6 (p < 0.05) at 1- and 6-month follow-up, respectively. A task-related NIRS experiment showed a postoperative increase in the cortical activity of the prefrontal cortex comparable to the preoperative state. To our knowledge, this is the first study to use a multi-channel NIRS system for @entity191 @entity1 treated with DBS. In this pilot study, we showed changes in motor-associated cortical activities following DBS surgery. Therapeutic DBS was concluded to have promoted the underlying @entity528 .

title: Changes in Motor-Related Cortical Activity Following Deep Brain Stimulation for XXXX Detected by Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy: A Pilot Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['neuronal network remodeling']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease", 'PD']

answer: @entity191 :: (MESH:D010300,Disease) :: ['Parkinson's Disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship of serum @entity442 and @entity2301 ( @entity2301 ) with histological @entity5 characteristics in @entity1 undergoing transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS)-guided biopsy. @entity1 AND METHODS: @entity1 (652), with either an elevated serum prostate-specific antigen level or an abnormal digital rectal examination, were initially evaluated by TRUS and sextant prostatic needle biopsy. Blood was drawn before biopsy, serum extracted and stored frozen until @entity442 and @entity2301 were measured. In all, 241 @entity1 had @entity263 (37%) and were included in this study. The number of positive biopsies, the @entity5 in each positive biopsy and the Gleason score were recorded. RESULTS: Of the 241 @entity1 , 37 had five or six positive biopsies (from six), 128 had two to four and 76 had one. Serum @entity442 did not correlate with the number of positive biopsies, with means of 176.7, 178.3 and 164.4 ng/mL, respectively (P = 0.3), while the mean @entity2301 was 2695, 2795 and 2572 ng/mL, respectively (P = 0.09). The additive percentiles of @entity5 volume in positive biopsies were assessed for each patient but serum @entity442 and @entity2301 did not correlate (P = 0.7 and 0.9, respectively). In all, 92 @entity1 had a Gleason score of < 7, 80 a score of 7 and 69 a score of > 7; the mean (sd) @entity442 levels for the three groups were 181 (39), 174.6 (35) and 176 (26) ng/mL, and the mean @entity2301 2798 (240), 2735 (284) and 2647 (221) ng/mL, respectively, none of the differences being statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Serum @entity442 and @entity2301 do not correlate with quantity of @entity5 or Gleason score in biopsy samples from @entity1 with @entity263 .

title: Serum @entity442 and XXXX do not correlate with Gleason score or quantity of @entity263 in biopsy samples.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS', 'men']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity2301 :: ('3486', 'Gene') :: ['IGFBP-3', 'IGF binding protein-3']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour', 'cancer', 'volume of tumour']

entities_list: @entity442 :: ('3479', 'Gene') :: ['insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1', 'IGF-1']

answer: @entity2301 :: (3486,Gene) :: ['IGF-binding protein-3']


abstract: A 66-year-old male presented with @entity4653 and @entity1269 . Cerebral angiography at onset showed obliteration of the basilar artery and dilatation in the left vertebral artery. The @entity1 's clinical symptoms were exaggerated and he was finally diagnosed to as @entity1688 . Magnetic resonance imaging showed a brain stem @entity1188 from the pons to the left middle cerebellar peduncle. We determined that the @entity1 suffered dissection of the left vertebral artery at the basilar artery and treated, using the conservative therapy him of strict blood pressure control. A second angiography 13 days after onset showed recanalization of the basilar artery. At 29 days after onset, the @entity1 fell into a @entity772 with @entity510 and acute @entity1276 . Cerebral angiography revealed improvement in the irregularity and dilatation of the basilar artery, but the point of @entity397 could not be clearly identified. After performing proximal occlusion of the left vertebral artery by intravascular surgery, both right @entity8400 -SCA @entity254 and proximal occlusion of the right vertebral artery were carried out. Unfortunately, the @entity1 died. Based on there data, it is appointed out that @entity1 with a dissection of the vertebrobasilar artery must be followed up by serial angiography, and even if an angiographical improvement of the dissection is observed, the risk of @entity510 still exists in @entity1 suffering @entity385 .

title: [Vertebrobasilar artery dissection with XXXX after brain stem @entity1188 showing an improvement on angiography: case report].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1688 :: ('MESH:D011782', 'Disease') :: ['suffering locked-in syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['hydrocephalus']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['subarachnoid hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity1269 :: ('MESH:D010291', 'Disease') :: ['right hemiparesis']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarction']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

entities_list: @entity4653 :: ('MESH:D004401', 'Disease') :: ['dysarthria']

answer: @entity510 :: (MESH:D013345,Disease) :: ['subarachnoid hemorrhage']


abstract: @entity2132 ( @entity2132 ) remains a significant hurdle to successful treatment of many @entity1503 . The disease is caused by infiltration of allo-activated donor T cells primarily into the gastrointestinal tract and skin. While cytotoxic T cells mediate direct cellular damage, T helper (Th) cells differentially secrete immunoregulatory cytokines. Acute GvHD is thought to be primarily initiated by Th1 cells but a consensus is still lacking regarding the role of Th2 and Th17 cells. The aim of this study was to determine the contribution of distinct T cell subsets to @entity2132 in the @entity35 . Acute GvHD was induced by transplanting irradiated @entity35 with T-cell depleted MHC-mismatched bone marrow, followed two weeks later by donor lymphocyte infusion. Near complete donor T cell chimerism was achieved in the blood and lymphatic tissues, in contrast to mixed chimerism in the skin and gut. Skin and gut donor T cells were predominantly @entity11264 (+), in contrast to T cells in blood and lymphatic tissues. Genes associated with Th1 cells were up-regulated in gut, liver, lung, and skin tissues affected by @entity2132 . Increased serum levels of @entity16308 and @entity7270 preceded symptoms of @entity2132 , accompanied by increased responsiveness to @entity16308 by blood @entity11264 (+) T cells. No changes in expression of Th2- or Th17-associated genes were observed, indicating that @entity2132 in this @entity35 model is mainly Th1-driven. The @entity35 model of @entity2132 could be instrumental for further investigations of donor T cell subsets in the skin and gut, and for exploring therapeutic options to ameliorate symptoms of @entity2132 .

title: XXXX acute GvHD is Th1-driven and characterized by predominant donor @entity11264 (+) T cell infiltration of skin and gut.

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['hematological disorders']

entities_list: @entity2132 :: ('MESH:D006086', 'Disease') :: ['aGvHD', 'Acute graft-versus-host disease']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['Rat']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of @entity572 ( @entity2445 ) for treatment of @entity1513 and severe @entity7032 caused by @entity1691 ( @entity1691 ). METHODS: Between December 2008 and November 2011, 25 @entity1 (37 hips) with @entity1513 and severe @entity7032 caused by @entity1691 were treated. There were 22 males and 3 females, aged 29-38 years (mean, 35.6 years). The disease duration was 8-16 years (mean, 13.2 years). Of them, 18 cases had complete limitation of hip motion, and 16 cases had severe @entity85 (Cobb's angel >=  60 degrees). All 25 cases underwent spinal wedged osteotomy at first, and then received @entity2445 after 8 weeks. The effectiveness was evaluated by Harris hip score, range of motion (ROM) of the hip, visual analogue scale (VAS) score, Cobb's angle, and information and data exchange system (IDES) criteria for @entity1349 , respectively. RESULTS: The @entity1 were followed up 12-14 months (mean, 13 months). Spondylolisthesis (II degree) occurred in 1 case spinal after wedged osteotomy, and was corrected after second operation. No @entity1317 or @entity1566 was observed. Bony fusion was obtained at osteotomy ends at 6 months after operation. The Cobb's angle was significantly corrected from (83.5    10.4)degrees preoperatively to (25.4   . 5.5)degrees (t = 24.63, P = 0.00) 12 months postoperatively. One case had traction @entity2096 after @entity2445 , and the muscle function recovered at 9 months after operation. According to IDES criteria, up-displacement of cup (< 5 mm) was observed in 1 @entity1 , who had no obvious clinical symptoms; periacetabular @entity3061 occurred in 1 @entity1 , with no displacement of cup. No obvious radiolucent was seen in 37 hips. The Harris hip score was significantly improved from (26.87    4.23) preoperatively to 85.92    6.04) (t = 28.72, P = 0.00) 3 months postoperatively; the VAS score was significantly decreased from (6.71    1.14) preoperatively to (2.31    0.82)(t = 42.26, P = 0.00) 3 months postoperatively; and the flexion-extension ROM of the hip was significantly improved to 60-100 degrees (mean, 72.0 degrees) at post-operation, and the abduction ROM of the hip was improved to 20-40 degrees (mean, 28.7 degrees). CONCLUSION: Spinal wedged osteotomy combined with @entity2445 is an efficient treatment for @entity1513 and severe @entity7032 caused by @entity1691 .

title: [Spinal wedged osteotomy combined with total hip arthroplasty for @entity1513 and severe @entity7032 caused by XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity2096 :: ('MESH:D020428', 'Disease') :: ['injury of the femoral nerve']

entities_list: @entity1691 :: ('MESH:D013167', 'Disease') :: ['ankylosing spondylitis', 'AS']

entities_list: @entity3061 :: ('MESH:D010014', 'Disease') :: ['osteolysis']

entities_list: @entity572 :: ('MESH:D006617', 'Disease') :: ['spinal wedged osteotomy and total hip arthroplasty']

entities_list: @entity1566 :: ('MESH:D013119', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord injury']

entities_list: @entity1317 :: ('MESH:D057772', 'Disease') :: ['vascular injury']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['spine deformity']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['aseptic loosening']

entities_list: @entity7032 :: ('MESH:D006616', 'Disease') :: ['hip flexion contracture']

answer: @entity1691 :: (MESH:D013167,Disease) :: ['ankylosing spondylitis']


abstract: In order to determine incidence, outcome, trends in management and natural history, data on 92 @entity1 with chronic @entity3039 ( @entity3039 ), comprising 66 from a single centre's experience between 1950 and 1980 and all 26 presenting from a defined population between 1984 and 1994, have been analysed. Its incidence, calculated from the population based group, is 0.46/10(5) @entity1 per year. Twenty nine of 34 (85%) remitted after splenectomy. Short initial histories predicted response to splenectomy. Splenectomy was offered only half as frequently in the last 10 years as in the 30 year, single centre group of @entity1 . Most (39 cases) of those not offered or successfully treated by splenectomy recovered spontaneously. The predicted spontaneous remission rate in 85 with adequate follow up data is 61% after 15 years. No other form of active treatment was of lasting benefit. No @entity204 solely attributable to chronic @entity3039 occurred. The high spontaneous recovery rate, low mortality, and generally benign outcome may encourage a less interventionist approach to management.

title: XXXX : incidence, treatment, and outcome.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity3039 :: ('MESH:D016553', 'Disease') :: ['ITP', 'idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura']

answer: @entity3039 :: (MESH:D016553,Disease) :: ['Chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura']


abstract: AIMS: Overexpression of @entity517 protein has independent prognostic significance in a variety of primary and metastatic @entity320 which suggests a possible role for this gene in melanomagenesis. We have therefore examined the importance of this oncogene in @entity2184 and studied the coexpression of two other gene products, @entity588 and @entity876 , which might contribute to its effect. METHODS: The percentage of cells positive for nuclear @entity517 expression was estimated by flow cytometric analysis of nuclei extracted from @entity982 blocks. The expression of @entity588 and @entity876 protein was assessed by immunohistochemistry. A total of 71 @entity5 were studied and the results compared with survival with a mean follow up period of 6 years. RESULTS: @entity517 was expressed in > 50% of the cells by 70% of the @entity5 , and was independently associated with improved survival in a Cox multiple regression-model. Although @entity588 was expressed by the majority of the cells in 67% @entity5 , it was without effect on prognosis. None of the cases studied showed convincing positivity for @entity876 . Analysis of coexpression showed that the best survival was seen in @entity517 +/ @entity588 + @entity5 and the worst in @entity517 -/ @entity588 - @entity5 . CONCLUSION: The finding of improved rather than reduced survival in @entity517 positive @entity5 is at variance with @entity320 . There was no evidence to suggest that @entity517 was modulated by upregulation of @entity588 or @entity876 inactivation/mutation. Although @entity588 is unlikely to have any effect on @entity5 growth or @entity3 , it could contribute to the general lack of susceptibility to apoptosis in these @entity5 .

title: XXXX , @entity876 , and @entity588 expression and clinical outcome in @entity2184 .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity2184 :: ('MESH:C536494', 'Disease') :: ['uveal melanoma']

entities_list: @entity982 :: ('MESH:D010232', 'Chemical') :: ['paraffin']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['cutaneous melanomas', 'skin melanoma']

answer: @entity517 :: (4609,Gene) :: ['c-myc']