abstract: A 61-year-old @entity1 was admitted to our hospital for examination of an abnormal shadow on her chest X-ray film taken in October 2006. Chest CT film taken in November 2006 revealed lymphadenopathy in the left side of the neck, as well as in the supraclavicular, axillary, mediastinal, and hilar areas, as well as around the pancreas. Diffuse small nodules were seen along the bronchovascular bundles and interlobular pleura. Bronchoscopic examination revealed lymphocyte accumulation and increased @entity14525 ratio in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Based on noncaseating epithelioid cell @entity738 seen in transbronchial lung biopsy, we diagnosed having @entity370 . In April 2008, she complained of abdominal discomfort and a @entity272 . New lymphadenopathy was palpated on the right side of the neck and the left axillary region. On a chest X-ray film and chest CT film, multiple swollen lymph nodes which became even more swollen than those in November 2006 were observed. She received surgical resection of the neck lymph nodes and a pathological diagnosis of @entity978 was established. This was a rare case of @entity706 .

title: [A case of @entity978 in a @entity1 with XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity738 :: ('MESH:D006099', 'Disease') :: ['granulomas']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['sarcoidosis-lymphoma syndrome']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin lesion']

entities_list: @entity370 :: ('MESH:D012507', 'Disease') :: ['sarcoidosis']

entities_list: @entity978 :: ('MESH:D006689', 'Disease') :: ["Hodgkin's lymphoma"]

answer: @entity370 :: (MESH:D012507,Disease) :: ['sarcoidosis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The aim of the study was to assess the responsiveness of blood platelets to @entity117 ( @entity7943 ) in @entity1 following coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery with relation to oxidative and antioxidative plasma status. The study included 37 @entity1 treated with the CABG procedure. During the first 24h after CABG @entity1 were given 300mg of @entity7943 with the following dose of 150mg daily. The blood was collected before the procedure and 10 days after. Whole blood @entity1423 induced with @entity1426 , collagen and @entity857 ( @entity857 ) was performed together with whole blood generation of @entity7489 ( @entity3448 ). Oxidative stress was measured before and 10 days after CABG with @entity66 ( @entity66 ) and total antioxidative status of @entity8450 ( @entity8450 ). @entity66 / @entity8450 index was calculated. We observed a significant increase in the @entity66 and @entity66 / @entity8450 index and @entity857 -induced aggregation 10 days after CABG in comparison with its level before operation. There was a significant decrease in the @entity1426 -induced aggregation and serum @entity3448 level. @entity1 with @entity857 -induced and collagen-induced aggregation in the upper quartile had significantly higher @entity66 and @entity66 / @entity8450 index before ( @entity857 ) and after the operation ( @entity857 and collagen). There were 19 @entity1 (51%) with high on @entity117 platelet reactivity after CABG who had also higher @entity66 and @entity66 / @entity8450 index and lower @entity8450 value in comparison with @entity117 responders. Despite @entity7943 use, increased oxidative stress after CABG can overcome its antiplatelet effect and increase platelet activation through other pathways.

title: Relationship between high on XXXX platelet reactivity and oxidative stress in coronary artery by-pass grafted @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['total oxidative plasma status', 'TOS']

entities_list: @entity1423 :: ('MESH:D001791', 'Disease') :: ['platelet aggregation']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylsalicylic acid', 'aspirin']

entities_list: @entity1426 :: ('MESH:D016718', 'Chemical') :: ['arachidonic acid']

entities_list: @entity7489 :: ('MESH:D013929', 'Chemical') :: ['thromboxane B2']

entities_list: @entity8450 :: ('MESH:D054219', 'Disease') :: ['the plasma', 'TAS']

entities_list: @entity857 :: ('MESH:D000244', 'Chemical') :: ['ADP', 'adenosine diphosphate']

answer: @entity117 :: (MESH:D001241,Chemical) :: ['aspirin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity22291 are Gram-negative @entity2199 -symbiotic and insect-pathogenic bacteria. The species @entity23559 is able to infect @entity1 as well as insects. We investigated the secreted proteome of a clinical isolate of @entity23559 at different temperatures in order to identify proteins relevant to the infection of the two different hosts. RESULTS: A comparison of the proteins secreted by a clinical isolate of @entity23559 at simulated insect (28 degrees C) and @entity1 (37 degrees C) temperatures led to the identification of a small and highly abundant protein, designated @entity2975 , that is only secreted at the lower temperature. The pam gene is present in all @entity22291 strains tested and shows a high level of conservation across the whole genus, suggesting it is both ancestral to the genus and probably important to the biology of the bacterium. The Pam protein shows limited sequence similarity to the 13.6 kDa component of a binary toxin of @entity11137 . Nevertheless, injection or feeding of heterologously produced Pam showed no insecticidal activity to either Galleria mellonella or @entity4079 larvae. In bacterial colonies, Pam is associated with an extracellular polysaccharide (EPS)-like matrix, and modifies the ability of wild-type cells to attach to an artificial surface. Interestingly, Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) binding studies revealed that the Pam protein itself has adhesive properties. Although Pam is produced throughout insect infection, genetic knockout does not affect either insect virulence or the ability of @entity22291 to form a symbiotic association with its host @entity2199 , @entity23560 . CONCLUSIONS: We studied a highly abundant protein, Pam, which is secreted in a temperature-dependent manner in @entity23559 . Our findings indicate that Pam plays an important role in enhancing surface attachment in insect blood. Its association with exopolysaccharide suggests it may exert its effect through mediation of EPS properties. Despite its abundance and conservation in the genus, we find no evidence for a role of Pam in either virulence or symbiosis.

title: XXXX adhesion modification protein (Pam) binds extracellular polysaccharide and alters bacterial attachment.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human']

entities_list: @entity4079 :: ('7130', 'Species') :: ['Manduca sexta']

entities_list: @entity23559 :: ('291112', 'Species') :: ['Photorhabdus asymbiotica', 'P. asymbiotica']

entities_list: @entity11137 :: ('1428', 'Species') :: ['Bacillus thuringiensis']

entities_list: @entity22291 :: ('29488', 'Species') :: ['Photorhabdus', 'P. luminescens']

entities_list: @entity23560 :: ('37862', 'Species') :: ['Heterorhabditis bacteriophora']

answer: @entity22291 :: (29488,Species) :: ['Photorhabdus']


abstract: During pregnancy maternal plasma @entity6192 ( @entity6192 ) levels rise 1000-fold whilst fetal plasma levels are often 100-fold higher than the concentrations seen in normal non-pregnant @entity1 plasma. Despite these high @entity6192 levels neither the maternal nor fetal pituitary releases excessive amounts of ACTH. A specific @entity11819 ( @entity11819 ) exists in the maternal circulation which is able to bind and inactivate the ACTH releasing activity of @entity6192 . In this study we have used a specific @entity11819 radioimmunoassay to determine the level of @entity11819 in fetal and maternal plasma samples. Fetal samples were collected by cordocentesis between 20 and 33 weeks gestation and matched maternal samples were taken by venepuncture at the same time. In a second study, plasma samples were collected from 8 @entity1 at fortnightly intervals from week 20 to term, at labour and post-partum. A fetal sample, taken from the umbilical vein, was collected immediately post-delivery. The mean maternal @entity11819 concentration for the samples collected between 20 and 33 weeks (n = 23) was 8.12 nmol/l and the fetal level was 8.62 nmol/l. Data from the second study showed that at term the maternal @entity11819 concentration decreased significantly (P < 0.025) to 6.32 nmol/l. The fetal @entity11819 level also decreased significantly (P < 0.001) at term to a level of 5.84 nmol/l. The @entity11819 in both fetal and maternal plasma was shown to be functional by 125I- @entity6192 binding and gel permeation chromatography. The capacity of maternal and fetal plasma to bind 125I- @entity6192 decreased at term in agreement with the quantitation of plasma @entity11819 by radioimmunoassay.

title: @entity6192 -binding protein in XXXX fetal plasma.

entities_list: @entity11819 :: ('1393', 'Gene') :: ['CRH-binding protein', 'CRHBP']

entities_list: @entity6192 :: ('1392', 'Gene') :: ['corticotrophin-releasing hormone', 'CRH']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: @entity8857 is the principal bacterial pathogen of the @entity291 @entity1576 complex. Its most important virulence factor is a leukotoxin (LKT), which is a member of the RTX family of exotoxins produced by many gram-negative bacteria. Previous studies demonstrated that LKT binds to the beta(2)-integrin LFA-1 (CD11a/CD18) on @entity291 leukocytes, resulting in cell death. In this study, we demonstrated that depletion of lipid rafts significantly decreases LKT-induced @entity291 lymphoblastoid cell (BL-3) death. After binding to BL-3 cells, some of the LKT relocated to lipid rafts in an LFA-1-independent manner. We hypothesized that after binding to LFA-1 on BL-3 cells, LKT moves to lipid rafts and clathrin-coated pits via a dynamic process that results in LKT internalization and @entity137 . Knocking down @entity13447 by small interfering RNA reduced both LKT internalization and @entity137 . Similarly, expression of dominant negative @entity13448 protein expression, which is required for clathrin coat formation, reduced LKT internalization and LKT-mediated @entity137 to BL-3 cells. Finally, we demonstrated that inhibiting actin polymerization reduced both LKT internalization and LKT-mediated @entity137 . These results suggest that both lipid rafts and clathrin-mediated mechanisms are important for LKT internalization and @entity137 in BL-3 cells and illustrate the complex nature of LKT internalization by the cytoskeletal network.

title: @entity8857 leukotoxin binds to lipid rafts in @entity291 lymphoblastoid cells and is internalized in a XXXX - and clathrin-dependent manner.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity8857 :: ('75985', 'Species') :: ['Mannheimia haemolytica']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory disease']

answer: @entity13447 :: (511691(Tax:9913),Gene) :: ['dynamin-2']


abstract: Between April 1984 and December 1985 we treated ten @entity1 suffering from @entity521 in a total of 25 @entity7990 ( @entity7990 ) courses. Five had had a relapse of @entity521 stage III or IV, three had @entity4498 achieved a remission in spite of intensive chemotherapy, and two were treated with an unstable remission. The @entity1 were each administered from 1 to 5 courses with a dosage per course of between 1,295 and 9,065 MBq. The sum of the single doses during the whole course of therapy ranged between 3,145 and 21,904 MBq per @entity1 . Five of five @entity1 suffering from @entity158 during the first three treatment days. Six of eight @entity1 with manifest @entity5 at onset of therapy responded well to the treatment: response extended from transitory decrease in elevated @entity2922 levels in serum and urine to complete disappearance of large @entity5 masses. We also observed a decrease in bone marrow involvement and a stabilization of @entity690 . Seven of these eight @entity1 died in spite of a good response from 55 to 350 days after the first MIBG treatment course. The only side effect we witnessed was a reversible @entity236 . In three @entity1 we combined the MIBG therapy with bone marrow transplantation.

title: Treatment of @entity521 with XXXX : results and side effects.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'child']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'abdominal tumor']

entities_list: @entity7990 :: ('MESH:D019797', 'Chemical') :: ['metaiodobenzylguanidine', 'MIBG']

entities_list: @entity236 :: ('MESH:D001855', 'Disease') :: ['bone marrow depression']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['bone pain and fever became free of complaints']

entities_list: @entity521 :: ('MESH:D009447', 'Disease') :: ['neuroblastoma']

entities_list: @entity2922 :: ('CHEBI:33567', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamine']

entities_list: @entity690 :: ('MESH:D030981', 'Disease') :: ['osteolytic lesions']

answer: @entity7990 :: (MESH:D019797,Chemical) :: ['metaiodobenzylguanidine']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We investigated whether the degree of vulnerability of different areas in the developing brain varies according to the specific mechanism of the insults caused by cardiopulmonary bypass. METHODS: A meta-analysis of 2 experimental studies (n = 80) was conducted. The end points of the otherwise identical studies were tissue @entity26 index in the first experiment, whereas cerebral microvessel vasoconstriction and inflammatory response of endothelial cells were directly visualized in the second study. We assigned ultra-low flow bypass at 25   C for 60 minutes as control; @entity1167 at 25   C for 60 minutes as @entity63 stress under @entity1167 ( @entity63 -CA); and ultra-low flow bypass at 34   C for 60 minutes as the stress under ultra-low flow bypass ( @entity63 -ULF). Histologic @entity528 was the primary outcome. Secondary measures included neurologic recovery. RESULTS: Vasoconstriction after @entity63 and @entity32 after bypass were independent predictors of severe histologic damage. The caudate nucleus was significantly vulnerable to @entity63 -CA and was significantly influenced by vasoconstriction. In contrast, the hippocampus was significantly vulnerable to @entity63 -ULF. The different forms of @entity63 insults did not influence Purkinje cells, whereas @entity16 significantly correlated with @entity32 . Tissue @entity26 index had the ability to differentiate accurately regional damage. Neurologic recovery under @entity63 -CA was significantly worse compared with @entity63 -ULF. Neurologic recovery correlated with @entity528 in the caudate nucleus, but it did not correlate with damage in the hippocampus. CONCLUSIONS: Neuronal vulnerability in different areas of the developing brain varies according to mechanisms of bypass-induced @entity63 stress. Certain regional damage may not be apparent in assessing acute neurologic recovery.

title: Differential neuronal vulnerability varies according to specific XXXX in a porcine survival model.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia', 'ischemic']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['Purkinje damage']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['circulatory arrest']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['neuronal damage']

answer: @entity1167 :: (MESH:D006323,Disease) :: ['cardiopulmonary bypass insult']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to compare commonly used anthropometry for cardiovascular risk factors in 14-year-olds. METHODS: A total of 1 149 @entity1 of an Australian pregnancy (Raine) cohort with recruitment 1989-1991 were assessed for anthropometry and fasting lipids, insulin, and blood pressure. RESULTS: There were significant distinctions in the associations between anthropometry and groups of cardiovascular risk factors. These distinctions differed by gender. Insulin resistance, @entity1674 , @entity1851 levels, low density lipoprotein (LDH)/high density lipoprotein (HDL) and total/HDL @entity165 ratios had the strongest association with waist, waist/height ratio and body mass index. By contrast, in @entity1 , height was the strongest independent predictor (in a negative direction) of total and LDL- @entity165 . Blood pressure and @entity414 was most strongly correlated with body weight and height (heavier and taller @entity1 ). Taller male adolescents had highest blood pressures and lowest @entity165 levels. CONCLUSIONS: No single adolescent anthropometric measure best predicted all cardiovascular risk factors. Each measure showed distinct relationships with specific groups of risk factors. Contrasting associations may reflect different pathogenesis by which gender, puberty, and adiposity affect metabolic risk. No single anthropometric measurement in childhood would appear to be superior or sufficient when investigating the developmental origins of cardiovascular health and related @entity209 .

title: Differential relationships between anthropometry measures and cardiovascular risk factors in @entity1 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic disease']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

entities_list: @entity414 :: ('MESH:D014527', 'Chemical') :: ['uric acid']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['girls']


abstract: To clarify the mechanism of @entity731 development in @entity1 , we studied the mRNA and protein expression of @entity5601 subtypes in various types of @entity731 and their correlation with cell proliferation and macrophage invasion. @entity1 aortas were obtained from 35 autopsied cases, and each sample was divided into halves. One half was used for the analysis of mRNA or protein expression with RT-PCR or Western blotting, respectively. The other was microscopically classified into @entity1856 ( @entity1856 ), @entity1856 ( @entity1856 ), and diffuse intimal thickening (DIT), and was analyzed immunohistochemically. The mRNA levels of both PPARs increased significantly in @entity731 and tended to increase in proportion to the severity of the lesion, and the expression of @entity5601 correlated with that of @entity6864 in @entity1856 and @entity1856 . The @entity6864 protein increased in @entity1856 . Monocytes/macrophages, as well as endothelial and smooth muscle cells, expressed the @entity6864 protein in plaques. This expression in the DIT was noted mainly in macrophages but was not correlated with the density of macrophages, suggesting that only certain macrophages express the PPARs in DIT. Cell proliferation did not correlate with PPARs expression in any lesion type. These findings suggest that PPARs may be associated with @entity1856 formation, and that @entity6864 may be involved in the early stages of @entity1 @entity731 .

title: Increased expression of @entity5601 and @entity6864 in XXXX @entity731 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human', 'Human']

entities_list: @entity1856 :: ('MESH:D058226', 'Disease') :: ['FS', 'atheromatous plaque', 'fatty streak', 'AP']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis', 'atherosclerotic lesions']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Previous research shows that only 10-30% of @entity674 ( @entity674 ) are malignant. Nonetheless, some reports suggest that all of them have some degree of potential for @entity5 . Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) is a useful technique for differentiation of @entity75 in the gastrointestinal tract. We explored EUS characteristics that might predict the @entity5 potential of @entity674 . METHODS: In this retrospective review of the medical records from 1999 through 2007, @entity1 who had gastric @entity5 diagnosed prior to surgery using EUS were enrolled. The EUS images, procedure records and tissue histopathology were reviewed. All @entity1 were positive for @entity2467 . RESULTS: Of the 110 @entity1 enrolled, 57 were males, and 53 were females. Most (67%) of the @entity674 were located in the gastric body. The lesion size ranged from 6.3 to 150  mm (mean        SD: 39.73        22.49  mm). The high-risk GIST group had 19 (17.3%) @entity1 , the intermediate-risk group had 12 (10.9%) @entity1 and the low/very low-risk group had 79 (71.8%) @entity1 . Thirty @entity1 had @entity5409 (27.3%), while six @entity1 had @entity730 in the lesion (5.5%). Additionally, 27 @entity1 (24.5%) had surface ulceration visible on endoscopy. @entity674 at high risk for @entity5 were highly associated with lesion size (p<0.0001), cystic change (p=0.015) and surface ulceration (p=0.036) but not with @entity730 (p=0.667). We also found that mitosis was associated with lesion size (p<0.0001) rather than other parameters. Age was not predictive of @entity5 potential (p=0.316). However, @entity5 size is the only one independent risk factor for @entity5 (p    <=   0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: The preliminary results show that large gastric @entity674 with cystic change and surface ulceration may associate with a risk of @entity5 , warranting more aggressive management. Nevertheless, the @entity5 size is more important than other factors.

title: Association of endoscopic ultrasonographic parameters and XXXX ( @entity674 ): can endoscopic ultrasonography be used to screen gastric @entity674 for potential @entity5 ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5409 :: ('MESH:D052177', 'Disease') :: ['cystic lesions']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'stromal tumors', 'malignancy']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['subepithelial lesions']

entities_list: @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['calcification']

entities_list: @entity674 :: ('MESH:D046152', 'Disease') :: ['GISTs', 'gastrointestinal stromal tumors']

answer: @entity674 :: (MESH:D046152,Disease) :: ['gastrointestinal stromal tumors']


abstract: Histone deacetylase inhibitory prodrugs that are metabolized to @entity4880 (s) and @entity264 (s) possess antineoplastic properties. @entity406 -releasing prodrugs were shown to be the most potent. The objective of this study was to gain understanding on the mode of action of these prodrugs in @entity5 cells. HL-60 and MCF-7 cells in the presence of @entity898 or @entity2041 were protected from @entity204 induced by @entity406 -releasing prodrugs but not from @entity204 caused by the homologous @entity3094 -releasing ones. Cell @entity204 induced by the former was accompanied by depletion of intracellular @entity2041 and increased reactive @entity26 species that were attenuated by @entity898 . At fourfold higher concentration, @entity3094 -releasing prodrugs increased reactive @entity26 species that were further augmented by @entity898 . In HL-60 cells, @entity406 -releasing prodrugs dissipated the mitochondrial membrane potential and @entity2041 or @entity898 restored it. Although @entity3094 -releasing prodrugs dissipated mitochondrial membrane potential, it occurred at 20-fold greater concentration and was unaffected by the antioxidants. @entity406 -releasing prodrugs abrogated @entity517 protein expression and elevated @entity1178 and @entity6714 phosphorylation, @entity898 partially reversed these changes. Herein, we show that @entity406 -releasing prodrugs diminish the level of @entity2041 most likely by forming @entity16530 adducts resulting in increase of reactive @entity26 species followed by signaling events that lead to @entity5 cells @entity204 .

title: @entity406 -releasing prodrugs specifically affect XXXX cells by depletion of intracellular @entity2041 and augmentation of reactive @entity26 species.

entities_list: @entity4880 :: ('CHEBI:33575', 'Chemical') :: ['carboxylic acid']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity406 :: ('MESH:D005557', 'Chemical') :: ['Formaldehyde', 'formaldehyde']

entities_list: @entity898 :: ('MESH:D000111', 'Chemical') :: ['N-acetylcysteine']

entities_list: @entity2041 :: ('MESH:D005978', 'Chemical') :: ['glutathione']

entities_list: @entity16530 :: ('MESH:C029468', 'Chemical') :: ['S-formylglutathione']

entities_list: @entity264 :: ('CHEBI:17478', 'Chemical') :: ['aldehyde']

entities_list: @entity3094 :: ('MESH:D000079', 'Chemical') :: ['acetaldehyde']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: AIM: The significance of cell cycle proteins, @entity3544 and @entity876 , and cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX2) is still controversial in @entity420 . Conflicting results exist with regard to the prognostic significance of @entity3544 and @entity876 expression, and the strong association of @entity1086 with @entity32 makes it only natural that COX2 negativity is rarely encountered, even in non-neoplastic biliary epithelia. METHODS: The authors explored whether the @entity3544 and @entity876 -labelling indices (LI) and strong cytoplasmic COX2 expression differ in the central parts (TC) and invasive fronts (IF) of @entity1086 . @entity982 -embedded whole tissue sections of 67 @entity1086 were immunohistochemically analysed for @entity3544 , @entity876 and COX2-LI at the IF and TC, and results were correlated with the clinicopathological features. RESULTS: Significantly higher LI was seen in IF compared with TC for @entity3544 , @entity876 and COX2. COX2-LI-IF showed significant positive correlations with perineural and lymphatic invasion, higher T and N stages, and non-papillary gross morphology. @entity1086 with COX2-LI-IF>= 30% showed decreased overall and disease-free survival, and COX2-LI-IF>= 30% was an independent poor prognostic factor on multivariable analysis. @entity1086 with high COX2 and @entity3544 -LI-IF showed decreased overall and disease-free survival. CONCLUSIONS: The IF of @entity1086 is characterised by significantly increased expression of @entity3544 , @entity876 and strong COX2 expression, and strong cytoplasmic COX2 expression at IF is associated with a poorer prognosis. Heterogeneity between TC and IF should be considered in in situ molecular studies, especially during interpretation of immunohistochemical stain results and tissue microarray construction.

title: Strong cytoplasmic expression of COX2 at the invasive fronts of XXXX is associated with a poor prognosis.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['chronic inflammation']

entities_list: @entity982 :: ('MESH:D010232', 'Chemical') :: ['Paraffin']

entities_list: @entity1086 :: ('MESH:D005706', 'Disease') :: ['gallbladder cancer', 'gallbladder cancers', 'Gall-bladder cancers']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['gallbladder adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity1086 :: (MESH:D005706,Disease) :: ['gallbladder cancer']


abstract: The authors report a rare case of a 10-year-old @entity1 with @entity976 which showed malignant change after the first operation and irradiation. In June 1981, the @entity1 complained of @entity10 , @entity390 and @entity391 . CT revealed @entity1276 due to the calcified @entity66 which extended to the third ventricle. In order to alleviate the high intracranial pressure, the right ventriculo-peritoneal shunt was first settled and after that, partial @entity5 was performed. The pathological diagnosis of the specimen was typical @entity976 without any findings of @entity5 . After this operation irradiation was performed. The @entity5 almost disappeared and the @entity1 was discharged from the hospital and went to school, showing some signs of @entity7961 . In May 1984, she complained of @entity227 , right temporal anopsia, @entity10 , @entity390 and @entity391 . CT revealed recurrence of the @entity5 which obstract the foramen of Monro bilaterally. As an emergency measure, the left ventriculo-peritoneal shunt was added and the state of the @entity1 became recovered. In order to improve decreased visual acuity, the @entity5 located around the optic nerves and over the frontal base was removed in June 1984, resulting in partial improvement of visual acuity bilaterally. The pathological examination of the second specimen showed, in addition to the part of @entity976 which was the same as before, the existence of thick layer of stratified large atypical cells which partially covered the cyst wall and partially invaded into the surrounding tissues. The pathological diagnosis was poorly differentiated @entity957 with @entity976 of ' @entity7197 ' type.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Malignant changes in a XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['girl', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['decreased left visual acuity']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['mass lesion']

entities_list: @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['obstructive hydrocephalus']

entities_list: @entity7961 :: ('MESH:C580003', 'Disease') :: ['panhypopituitarism']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'removal of the tumor', 'malignancy']

entities_list: @entity7197 :: ('MESH:D050398', 'Disease') :: ['adamantinoma']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity976 :: ('MESH:D003397', 'Disease') :: ['craniopharyngioma', 'adamantinomatous type of craniopharyngioma']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

answer: @entity976 :: (MESH:D003397,Disease) :: ['craniopharyngioma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of oral and i.v. @entity1206 plus trastuzumab as first-line regimen in a @entity1 -convenient application for @entity1 @entity1722 ( @entity1722 )-overexpressing @entity1 with metastatic @entity0 . @entity1 AND METHODS: Forty-two @entity1 were enrolled in a multicenter study. The @entity1 received i.v. @entity1206 at a dose of 25 mg/m(2) on day 1 followed by oral @entity1206 at a dose of 60 mg/m(2) on days 8 and 15 in a 3-week cycle. Standard dose trastuzumab was given at 3-week intervals. RESULTS: Complete response was observed in 7 @entity1 (18.9%) and partial response in 19 @entity1 (51.4%), for an overall response rate of 70.3% [95% confidence interval (CI) 53.0-84.1]. The disease control rate reached 91.9% (95% CI 78.1-98.3). The median time to progression was 9.3 months, while median overall survival reached 35.6 months. Hematological and non-hematological toxic effects were acceptable with grade 3-4 @entity1431 of 14% and @entity1398 of 38%; @entity1370 did not reach the level of clinical relevance. CONCLUSION: The combination of i.v. and oral @entity1206 plus trastuzumab demonstrates high activity and good tolerability in first-line treatment of @entity1722 -overexpressing metastatic @entity0 . In addition, it offers convenience for the @entity1 with only one i.v. treatment every 3 weeks.

title: A prospective multicenter phase II study of oral and i.v. @entity1206 plus trastuzumab as first-line therapy in XXXX -overexpressing metastatic @entity0 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'human', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity1206 :: ('MESH:C030852', 'Chemical') :: ['vinorelbine']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity1431 :: ('MESH:D007970', 'Disease') :: ['leukopenia']

entities_list: @entity1370 :: ('MESH:D066126', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac toxicity']

entities_list: @entity1722 :: ('2064', 'Gene') :: ['epidermal growth factor receptor 2', 'HER2']

answer: @entity1722 :: (2064,Gene) :: ['HER2']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1722 /neu status of @entity5 cells at metastatic sites in @entity1 with advanced disease may differ from that of the @entity5 . Assessing the presence of target antigens on circulating @entity5 cells (CTCs) might affect treatment choice. @entity1 AND METHODS: From June 2007 to October 2008, we collected 23 mL of blood from each of the 76 consecutive @entity1 before and during chemotherapy to determine CTC numbers and @entity1722 overexpression. CTCs were isolated with the CellSearch System   (Veridex, LLC; Raritan, NJ) and fluorescently stained with the Epithelial Cell Kit  . Tumor Phenotyping Reagent   was used to investigate @entity1722 /neu overexpression. RESULTS: Concordance of @entity1722 status between the @entity5 and CTCs was 86% (49 out of 57 @entity1 ) at baseline and 82% (50 out of 61 @entity1 ) in the treatment samples. @entity1722 overexpression in CTCs was acquired in 8 out of 45 @entity1 (18%) and lost in 3 out of 16 @entity1 (19%) during a treatment containing trastuzumab. The overall discordance rate between the @entity5 and CTCs was 18% (11 out of 61 @entity1 ). @entity1 with @entity1722 overexpression in CTCs had poorer progression-free survival compared with those without CTCs or with @entity1722 - CTCs (log-rank P =.036). CONCLUSION: Information on the presence or absence of @entity1722 overexpression can be obtained in CTCs. Larger trials are needed to evaluate the activity of @entity1722 -targeted therapy in @entity1 with acquired @entity1722 overexpression in CTCs.

title: Changes of XXXX status in circulating @entity5 cells compared with the @entity5 during treatment for advanced breast cancer.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'primary tumor']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

answer: @entity1722 :: (2064,Gene) :: ['HER2']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Continuous use of combined oral contraceptives is currently attracting growing interest as a means of improving menstrual related symptoms and reducing the number of @entity548 days. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate @entity548 patterns, menstrual symptoms and quality of life with an extended 84/7 oral contraceptive regimen versus 21/7 cycles. METHODS: In two consecutive run-in cycles, 30 microg @entity2082 and 3 mg @entity4863 tablets taken on days 1-21 were followed by a tablet-free period from days 22 to 28 of each cycle and then by two 84 day cycles of pill use with a 7 day tablet-free interval. The primary outcome was the total number of @entity548 /spotting days. Secondary outcomes were severity of daily symptoms, general well-being determined by the PGWBI questionnaire, and overall treatment satisfaction. RESULTS: Of the 137 @entity1 invited to participate in the study 109 (aged 18-40 years) were enrolled. The number of @entity548 days decreased by about one-third from a calculated 31.8 days of @entity548 under a cyclic 21/7 regimen to an expected total of 21.8 days for the extended 84/7 regimen. The incidence of @entity931 , @entity1867 , @entity1834 , abdominal bloating, breast tenderness, @entity308 moods and irritability - when compared at enrollment and at the end of the second extended study period--was significantly lower (P < 0.005) among @entity1 on the continuous pill regimen. The median (range) global PGWBI scores were not substantially different before and after the extended use cycles: 78.2 (39.1-96.4) and 77.3 (30.9-96.4), respectively. Body weight and @entity272 also remained constant. At the completion of the study: 65.5% of the @entity1 were either highly satisfied (41.4%) or satisfied (24.1%) with the extended regimen. CONCLUSIONS: The extended 84/7 regimen was found to be satisfactory for the majority of @entity1 and was associated with a decrease in the number of @entity548 days and an improvement in menstrual symptoms compared to 21/7 cycles.

title: A prospective follow-up of two 21/7 cycles followed by two extended regimen 84/7 cycles with contraceptive pills containing @entity2082 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity2082 :: ('MESH:D004997', 'Chemical') :: ['ethinyl estradiol']

entities_list: @entity1834 :: ('MESH:D004412', 'Disease') :: ['dysmenorrhea']

entities_list: @entity4863 :: ('MESH:C035144', 'Chemical') :: ['drospirenone']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin condition']

entities_list: @entity1867 :: ('MESH:D008796', 'Disease') :: ['intermenstrual bleeding']

entities_list: @entity931 :: ('MESH:D008595', 'Disease') :: ['menorrhagia']

answer: @entity4863 :: (MESH:C035144,Chemical) :: ['drospirenone']


abstract: RATIONALE: Nicotinic a7 @entity934 receptors (nAChRs) have been highlighted as a target for @entity73 in @entity161 . AIM: To investigate whether the deficits induced by sub-chronic @entity12781 ( @entity212 ) in reversal learning and novel object recognition could be attenuated by the selective a7 nAChR full agonist, @entity2510 . METHODS: Adult female hooded-Lister @entity35 received sub-chronic @entity212 (2mg/kg) or vehicle i.p. twice daily for 7days, followed by 7 days washout. In cohort 1, @entity212 -treated @entity35 then received @entity2510 (5, 10, 20mg/kg; s.c.) or vehicle and were tested in the reversal-learning task. In cohort 2, @entity212 -treated @entity35 received @entity2510 (10mg/kg; s.c.) or saline for 15days and were tested in the novel object recognition test on day 1 and on day 15, to test for tolerance. RESULTS: Sub-chronic @entity212 produced significant @entity73 (P<0.01-0.001). @entity2510 attenuated the @entity212 -induced deficits in reversal learning at 10mg/kg (P<0.01) and 20mg/kg (P<0.001), and in novel object recognition at 10mg/kg on day 1 (P<0.01) and on day 15 (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: These data show that @entity2510 has efficacy to reverse @entity212 -induced deficits in two paradigms of relevance to @entity161 . Results further suggest that 15-day once daily dosing of @entity2510 (10mg/kg s.c.) does not cause tolerance in the @entity35 . This study suggests that activation of a7 nAChRs, may represent a suitable strategy for improving @entity73 of relevance to @entity161 .

title: Activation of a7 nicotinic receptors improves @entity12781 -induced @entity73 in XXXX : implications for therapy of @entity73 in @entity161 .

entities_list: @entity12781 :: ('MESH:D010622', 'Chemical') :: ['phencyclidine']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive deficits', 'deficits in both cognitive tasks', 'cognitive enhancement']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Recent studies have indicated that bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) have the potential to improve neurological function when transplanted into animal models of @entity385 . However, it is still undetermined how the BMSCs should be transplanted to obtain the most efficient therapeutic benefits safely. The aim of this study was to assess whether a thermoreversible gelation polymer ( @entity25385 ) hydrogel acts as a noninvasive, valuable scaffold in BMSC transplantation for @entity1188 brain. METHODS: The @entity19 were subjected to permanent @entity2500 . Vehicle, BMSC suspension, or the @entity25385 construct was transplanted onto the ipsilateral intact neocortex at 7 days after the insult. Neurological symptoms were assessed throughout the experiments. The fate of the transplanted BMSC was examined 8 weeks after transplantation with immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: @entity25385 hydrogel completely disappeared and provoked no inflammation in the host brain. Many transplanted cells were widely engrafted in the ipsilateral cerebrum, including the dorsal neocortex adjacent to the @entity385 in the @entity25385 construct-treated @entity19 . Their number was significantly larger than in the BMSC-treated @entity19 . The majority were positive for both @entity7079 and @entity7001 and morphologically simulated the neurons. CONCLUSION: The findings suggest that surgical transplantation of tissue-engineered BMSCs onto the intact neocortex enhances the engraftment of donor cells around the @entity385 . These data may be useful in developing a noninvasive but efficient paradigm in neural tissue engineering. @entity25385 hydrogel can be a promising candidate for valuable scaffolds in BMSC transplantation for @entity6220 because of its unique biochemical properties.

title: Noninvasive transplantation of bone marrow stromal cells for XXXX : preliminary study with a thermoreversible gelation polymer hydrogel.

entities_list: @entity6220 :: ('MESH:D020279', 'Disease') :: ['central nervous system disorders']

entities_list: @entity2500 :: ('MESH:D020244', 'Disease') :: ['middle cerebral artery occlusion']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral infarct']

answer: @entity385 :: (MESH:D002544,Disease) :: ['ischemic stroke']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Single-incision pediatric endosurgical (SIPES) appendectomy has been reported in few pediatric surgical centers. We have adopted the technique recently and have offered it to all @entity1 in whom appendectomy was indicated. The purpose of this study was to report our experience with SIPES appendectomy for @entity697 , @entity698 , and interval appendectomy, and to compare the results with those from @entity1 who underwent conventional laparoscopic appendectomy 1 year previously. METHODS: After IRB approval, data on all SIPES appendectomies performed in our hospital were prospectively collected, including operative time, intra- and @entity260 , conversion rate, @entity190 , and hospital length of stay. Cases were stratified into three categories: @entity697 , @entity698 , and interval appendectomy. They were compared to @entity1 operated on in 2007 using conventional laparoscopic (three-trocar) appendectomy. RESULTS: During the study period, 75 SIPES appendectomies were undertaken. Mean age was 11 years (range = 2-19 years) and mean weight was 45 kg (range = 12-132 kg). All SIPES appendectomies were completed laparoscopically, and additional trocars were placed in 20% of cases. SIPES interval appendectomies took the longest and had the highest conversion rate (33%). Follow-up data was available in 63 @entity1 (82%) at a median of 3 weeks. There were three wound @entity281 in the SIPES group (4%) and one in the 151 control @entity1 . Compared to historic controls, operative time was shorter with SIPES compared to conventional laparoscopy for @entity697 (37    12.3 vs. 44.1    20.3 min, p = 0.01, 95% CI = 32-42 min). CONCLUSION: SIPES appendectomy is a very good alternative to the conventional laparoscopic approach, especially for @entity697 . It is technically more challenging for @entity698 and interval appendectomy. Yet, with appropriate consideration and skill, scarless appendectomy is achievable.

title: Appendectomy using single-incision pediatric endosurgery for acute and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute appendicitis']

entities_list: @entity698 :: ('MESH:D001064', 'Disease') :: ['perforated appendicitis']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

answer: @entity698 :: (MESH:D001064,Disease) :: ['perforated appendicitis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the surgical principles and treatment options of @entity438 . METHODS: One hundred and thirty nine @entity1 with @entity438 were retrospectively studied, including 80 open-surgery cases and 59 endovascular-treated cases from January to December in 2009. Open surgical methods included clipping, trapping or wrapping and interventional methods included simple coiling or stent-assisted coiling. Intra-operative electroencephalogram and somatosensory evoked potentials monitoring were regularly used. Microvascular doppler ultrasonography and indocyanine green videoangiography were used to assess blood flow in parent and branch vessels. RESULTS: Seventy-three @entity439 were directly clipped, 6 were trapped and 1 was wrapped. Thirty-three @entity439 were coiled and 26 were coiled assisted with stents. At discharge, 71 of the 80(88.8%) surgical treated @entity1 had Glasgow Outcome Scale score of 4 or 5 points, 3 points in 6 @entity1 (7.5%), 2 points in 1 @entity1 (1.2%), and 1 point in 2 @entity1 (2.5%). Fifty-four out of 59 cases underwent endovascular treatment scored 4 or 5 points (91.5%) and 3 points in 5 @entity1 (8.5%). CONCLUSIONS: Surgical clipping and endovascular coiling are two major treatment choices for @entity438 . The treatment option should be individualized based on the @entity1 ' specific conditions, which could have a safe, effective and durable outcome.

title: [The analysis of XXXX undergoing surgical treatment].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial aneurysms']

answer: @entity438 :: (MESH:D002532,Disease) :: ['intracranial aneurysms']


abstract: The reported peripheral nerve complications of therapeutic irradiation in @entity1 include @entity1897 . We have encountered 9 @entity1 with malignant (7) and atypical (2) @entity1263 occurring in an irradiated site suggesting that such @entity5 represent another delayed effect of radiation treatment on peripheral nerve. The @entity5 appeared 4 to 41 years following radio-therapy, at a time when the @entity1 (6 females and 3 males) were 16 to 70 years old and cured of their original @entity5 . Eight @entity1 had received irradiation to treat @entity5 ; the ninth had a benign condition. The sites of @entity1263 were the brachial plexus in 5, cervical plexus in 1, lumbar plexus in 2, and retroperitoneum in 1. Eight @entity1 presented with painful masses, and in 6 of the 8 there was a progressive @entity51 . Seven @entity1 died with @entity3 within two years of diagnosis. In all instances the radio-therapy was within an acceptable radiation dosage, yet 3 @entity1 developed local radiation-induced skin and @entity854 . In 3 @entity1 there were either clinical signs or a family history of @entity1264 , but the @entity808 developed only in the radiation port. Animal studies support the clinical observation that @entity808 can occur as a delayed effect of irradiation. Other etiological mechanisms, including an increased risk of second primaries in @entity5 @entity1 and a genetic predisposition to @entity1263 , may also play a role.

title: Radiation-induced malignant and atypical XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity808 :: ('MESH:D009442', 'Disease') :: ['malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors']

entities_list: @entity1263 :: ('MESH:D010524', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral nerve tumor', 'peripheral nerve tumors']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant disease', 'cancer', 'neoplasms', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1264 :: ('MESH:D009456', 'Disease') :: ['von Recklinghausen disease']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['brachial and lumbar plexus fibrosis and cranial and peripheral nerve atrophy']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deficit']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['bony abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

answer: @entity1263 :: (MESH:D010524,Disease) :: ['peripheral nerve sheath tumors']


abstract: The prevalence and type of portal @entity101 (PH) in @entity2835 ( @entity2835 ) and their relationship with @entity409 have been investigated in 32 @entity1 with the disease. @entity101 was considered when oesophageal or gastric varices were observed by endoscopy and/or when hepatic venous pressure gradient measured by hepatic vein catheterization was greater than 6 mmHg. Within 3 days of endoscopy, a liver biopsy was performed for histological staging and semiquantitative grading (0 to 3+) of portal and sinusoidal @entity82 , @entity32 , @entity39 , @entity39 , @entity1448 , as well as the presence of @entity738 and Mallory's hyaline. Twenty @entity1 (62.5%) had portal @entity101 , five of them showing presinusoidal PH (15.5%) and the remaining 15 (47%) with sinusoidal component. The four @entity1 in stage IV had sinusoidal PH and the only @entity1 in stage I had no PH. The prevalence of portal @entity101 was similar in @entity1 in stage II (57%) and stage III (55%), but presinusoidal PH was only observed in @entity1 in stage II. @entity1 with PH showed significantly higher @entity32 and @entity39 than @entity1 without PH. By contrast, there were no differences in portal and sinusoidal @entity82 , nor in the other histologic features. These results indicate that portal @entity101 is common in @entity2835 and it may be present in the early stages of the disease. The fact that presinusoidal PH was only observed in @entity1 in stage II suggests that portal @entity101 is initially of presinusoidal type, and then as the disease progresses is joined by a sinusoidal component.

title: @entity101 in XXXX . Relationship with histological features.

entities_list: @entity2835 :: ('MESH:D008105', 'Disease') :: ['PBC', 'primary biliary cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['portal inflammation']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'Portal hypertension']

entities_list: @entity738 :: ('MESH:D006099', 'Disease') :: ['granulomas']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['lobular necrosis', 'piecemeal necrosis']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver lesions']

entities_list: @entity1448 :: ('MESH:D002779', 'Disease') :: ['cholestasis']

answer: @entity2835 :: (MESH:D008105,Disease) :: ['primary biliary cirrhosis']


abstract: In a case control study 31 asymptomatic @entity1 with @entity565 and/or @entity2023 and 31 normal controls had their bleeding time measured using the Simplate II device and venostasis. Mean bleeding time in the atopic group (527 s) was significantly prolonged compared to the controls (393 s) (p less than 0.0005). Platelet aggregation to collagen and @entity857 (but not to @entity8303 ) was significantly @entity308 in the atopics. Mean circulating platelet mass was significantly greater in atopics than in the controls (p = 0.006). Stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that within the control group bleeding time was best predicted by platelet mass (p = 0.007). No such relationship was found in the atopics. However stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that bleeding time in the atopics (but not in the controls) was best predicted by @entity8303 induced @entity1423 (p less than 0.05). In neither group was bleeding time related to collagen induced platelet @entity7489 production. It is hypothesised that in respiratory atopy the @entity308 aggregatory function of platelets is not compensated for sufficiently by an increase in platelet mass, leading to prolongation of the bleeding time. This haemostatic imbalance, whose cause remains to be established, appears to constitute a trait of atopy.

title: Prolonged bleeding time, reduced @entity1423 , altered @entity8303 sensitivity and increased platelet mass are a trait of XXXX and @entity2023 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressed']

entities_list: @entity1423 :: ('MESH:D001791', 'Disease') :: ['platelet aggregability']

entities_list: @entity7489 :: ('MESH:D013929', 'Chemical') :: ['thromboxane B2']

entities_list: @entity8303 :: ('MESH:D010972', 'Chemical') :: ['PAF-acether']

answer: @entity565 :: (MESH:D001249,Disease) :: ['asthma']


abstract: Cannabis is one of the most widely used illicit drugs in the world. In healthy individuals @entity835 is associated with @entity73 . Research into the effect of @entity835 use in @entity161 has yielded contradictory findings. Our aim has been to explore the correlates of @entity835 use in cognitive and psychopathological features, both @entity2915 , in early phases of @entity161 . 104 @entity1 with a first episode of non-affective @entity716 and 37 healthy controls were studied. @entity1 were classified according to their use of @entity835 prior to the onset of the illness (47 users vs. 57 non-users). They were cross-sectionally and longitudinally studied and compared on clinical and cognitive variables and also on their level of premorbid adjustment. Cannabis user @entity1 had better attention and executive functions than non- @entity835 user @entity1 at baseline and after 1 year of treatment. Both groups showed similar improvement in their cognitive functioning during the 1-year follow-up period. We also found that users had a better social premorbid adjustment, particularly during the early periods of life. The amount of @entity835 consumed and the length of time of consumption did not significantly relate to cognitive performance. The use of @entity835 does not seem to be associated with a negative effect on cognition in a representative sample of first-episode @entity161 @entity1 . Cannabis user @entity1 appear to comprise a subgroup of @entity1 with a better premorbid adjustment and @entity73 .

title: Cannabis use and cognitive functioning in first-episode XXXX @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairments', 'premorbid frontal cognitive functions']

entities_list: @entity835 :: ('MESH:D002189', 'Disease') :: ['cannabis']

entities_list: @entity2915 :: ('MESH:D006948', 'Disease') :: ['cross-sectional and longitudinally']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychosis']

answer: @entity161 :: (MESH:D012559,Disease) :: ['schizophrenia']


abstract: This study was designed to identify differences in the immunological reactions in adenoid tissue between @entity1 suffering from @entity2171 (SOM) and control @entity1 without @entity2169 . Cell populations were identified using monoclonal antibodies and flow cytofluorometry to facilitate quantitative comparisons. A modification of the FOG method was developed to quantify lymphocytes with intracellular IgG and IgA. Immunological screening was done in the first part of the study. No significant differences were found between the groups regarding cells positive for CD3, @entity404 , @entity405 , @entity2225 or @entity7211 . A significantly higher number of @entity19305 positive cells (presumably plasma cells) were found in the SOM group. The second part of the study concentrated specifically on cells containing IgG or IgA. No statistically significant differences in number of positive cells were found between the groups. When we related the percentage of positive cells to age, a statistically significant decrease with age for IgA-positive cells was found in the SOM group but not in the control group. This result supports the hypothesis that SOM is associated with an immunological reaction that influences immunoglobulin production in adenoid tissue.

title: Flow cytometric quantification of lymphocyte subpopulations and immunoglobulin-containing cells in adenoid tissue in relation to XXXX media and age.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity2169 :: ('MESH:D004427', 'Disease') :: ['ear disease']

entities_list: @entity2171 :: ('MESH:D010034', 'Disease') :: ['chronic secretory otitis media']

answer: @entity2171 :: (MESH:D010034,Disease) :: ['secretory otitis']


abstract: Since reactive @entity26 species (ROS) derived from Kupffer cells (KC), especially @entity469 (+) KC, play a key role in the induction of hepatic oxidative stress and @entity130 , we developed a polythiolated- and mannosylated human serum albumin (SH- @entity1 -HSA), which functions as a novel nanoantioxidant for delivering @entity1432 to @entity469 (+) KC. In vitro electron paramagnetic resonance coupled with pharmacokinetics and immunohistochemical studies showed that SH- @entity1 -HSA possessed powerful radical-scavenging activity and rapidly and selectively delivered @entity1433 to the liver via @entity3913 receptor ( @entity14452 ) on @entity469 (+) cells. SH- @entity1 -HSA significantly improved the survival rate of concanavalin-A (Con-A)-treated @entity19 . Moreover, SH- @entity1 -HSA exhibited excellent hepatoprotective functions, not by decreasing @entity5 @entity39 factor or interferon-y production that is closely associated with Con-A-induced @entity99 , but by suppressing ROS production. Interestingly, the protective effect of SH- @entity1 -HSA was superior to @entity898 (NAC). This could be attributed to the difference in the inhibition of hepatic oxidative stress between the two antioxidants depending on their potential for @entity1432 delivery to the liver. Similar results were also observed for @entity1443 ( @entity1443 )-induced hepatopathy models. Flow cytometric data further confirmed that an increase in @entity19 (+)/ROS(+) cells was dramatically decreased by SH- @entity1 -HSA. The administration of SH- @entity1 -HSA at 4 hours following a Con-A or @entity1443 injection also exhibited a profound hepatoprotective action against these @entity99 models, whereas this was not observed for NAC. It can be concluded therefore that SH- @entity1 -HSA has great potential for use in a rescue therapy for hepatopathy as a nanoantioxidant because of its ability to efficiently and rapidly deliver @entity1433 to @entity469 (+)/ @entity14452 (+) KC.

title: Polythiol-Containing, Recombinant Mannosylated-Albumin Is a Superior XXXX +/ @entity14452 + Kupffer Cell-Targeted Nanoantioxidant for Treatment of Two @entity99 Models.

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity898 :: ('MESH:D000111', 'Chemical') :: ['N-acetyl cysteine']

entities_list: @entity1443 :: ('MESH:D000082', 'Chemical') :: ['acetaminophen', 'APAP']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatitis']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['injuries']

answer: @entity469 :: (968,Gene) :: ['CD68']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Non-Fermenting Gram Negative Bacilli (NFGNB) are emerging now-a-days because of their tendency to colonize various surfaces and inherent resistance to commonly used disinfectants. They are responsible for multi-drug resistant hospital acquired @entity281 . Detection of @entity2893 resistance mechanisms is essential for treatment and infection control purpose as can spread to other organisms causing hospital outbreaks. AIM: To characterize non-fermenters from various clinical samples and to detect different @entity2893 resistance mechanisms in @entity2889 resistant isolates. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The prospective study was conducted at @entity3595 Aurobindo Medical College and Post Graduate Institute, Indore over a period of one and half year from December 2014 to May 2016. A total of 1310 samples were collected from @entity2489 ( @entity2489 ), @entity281 ( @entity281 ), @entity293 ( @entity293 ), @entity295 , @entity1729 @entity1 . Non-fermenters were identified by standard microbiological tests. @entity2889 resistance was determined by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method and resistant isolates were further tested by Modified Hodge test, Combined disc test and AmpC disc test. RESULTS: Isolation rate of non-fermenters was 13.82% (181/1310). @entity3273 , @entity4509 and @entity2892 were the antibiotics with maximum sensitivity. Overall @entity2889 resistance was found to be 44.2% (80/181). Metallo-b-lactamase and AmpC-b-lactamase were produced by 56.82% (25/44) and 72.22% (26/36) of @entity2889 resistant Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter species respectively. CONCLUSION: Detection of @entity2893 resistance mechanisms and implementation of antibiotic policy are needed to prevent the emergence of non-fermenter @entity281 .

title: Emergence of Hospital Acquired XXXX Resistant Non-Fermenters in Teaching Institute.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['septicaemia']

entities_list: @entity3273 :: ('MESH:D003091', 'Chemical') :: ['Colistin']

entities_list: @entity2892 :: ('MESH:D015378', 'Chemical') :: ['imipenem']

entities_list: @entity2889 :: ('MESH:C059500', 'Chemical') :: ['meropenem', 'Meropenem']

entities_list: @entity4509 :: ('MESH:D000583', 'Chemical') :: ['amikacin']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['Surgical Site Infection', 'infections', 'SSI']

entities_list: @entity2489 :: ('MESH:D053717', 'Disease') :: ['VAP', 'Ventilator Associated Pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity2893 :: ('CHEBI:46765', 'Chemical') :: ['carbapenem']

entities_list: @entity1729 :: ('MESH:D012141', 'Disease') :: ['Lower Respiratory Tract Infection (LRTI) and middle ear infected']

entities_list: @entity293 :: ('MESH:D014552', 'Disease') :: ['Urinary Tract Infection', 'UTI']

answer: @entity2893 :: (CHEBI:46765,Chemical) :: ['Carbapenem']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of our study was to analyze the outcomes of @entity1 treated with combined open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) and primary @entity572 ( @entity572 ) for selected cases of @entity174 . DESIGN: Retrospective case series. SETTING: University Medical Center. @entity1 AND @entity1 : Four hundred twenty @entity1 underwent ORIF for displaced @entity174 at our institution. Twenty-one of these @entity1 underwent ORIF and primary @entity572 . All surgeries were performed under the direct supervision of a fellowship-trained orthopaedic trauma surgeon and a fellowship trained adult reconstructive surgeon who acted as a cosurgeon. At the time of review, 18 @entity1 met the 1-year follow-up requirement and formed the study cohort. Mean @entity1 age was 71 years (range 55-86 years). There was 1 transverse @entity174 , 1 anterior column posterior hemitransverse and 1 both-column @entity174 . There were 15 posterior wall @entity174 . Of the 15 posterior wall @entity174 , 1 was associated with posterior column @entity174 , 1 with dome @entity174 , 2 with transverse @entity174 , and 9 with femoral head impaction @entity174 . There were 2 @entity1 with isolated posterior wall @entity174 . Clinical outcomes were analyzed using Harris hip score. Radiographs were analyzed for implant migration and loosening around the implant. RESULTS: Of the 18 @entity1 in the study, 14 @entity1 were followed for more than 2 years (average 3.9 years, range 1-10.1 years). All but 1 @entity1 healed successfully. One @entity1 required revision and placement of a constrained prosthesis due to failure of acetabular component, 3 weeks post-index procedure. Harris hip score ranged from 78 to 99 with a mean of 88. The radiographs showed an average medial displacement of 1.2 mm (range 0-3 mm) and an average vertical displacement of 1.3 mm (range 0-4 mm). There was no radiographic evidence of acetabular component loosening, but loosening was evident on 1 uncemented femoral stem. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment of @entity174 remains challenging particularly in the presence of severe @entity2331 , comminution, or associated femoral @entity174 . In appropriately selected @entity1 , ORIF and primary @entity572 provide an acceptable treatment option.

title: Open reduction internal fixation and primary @entity572 of selected XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity2331 :: ('MESH:D001851', 'Disease') :: ['osteopenia']

entities_list: @entity572 :: ('MESH:D006617', 'Disease') :: ['THA', 'total hip arthroplasty']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['acetabular fractures', 'fractures', 'fracture', 'head fracture']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['acetabular fractures']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe the diagnosis and surgical management of @entity574 . METHODS: Between October 1996 and May 2000, 6 @entity1 with @entity574 underwent surgical treatment. Of these @entity1 , 3 had @entity573 and 3 @entity453 . All @entity1 underwent coronary artery bypass grafting. Three @entity1 had @entity439 resected and fistulous ostium closed. One @entity1 received aortic valve replacement. RESULTS: There were no deaths and later death, nor major complications during the hospital stay. The results of follow-up were satisfactory. CONCLUSIONS: @entity574 is rare and its prognosis is poor. Early diagnosis and operation are necessary. The @entity439 should be resected, the coronary artery should be bypassed, and other associated diseases should be treated properly.

title: [Surgical treatment of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity573 :: ('MESH:C537014', 'Disease') :: ['Kawasaki disease']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms', 'aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery fistula']

entities_list: @entity574 :: ('MESH:D003323', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery aneurysm', 'Coronary artery aneurysm']

answer: @entity574 :: (MESH:D003323,Disease) :: ['coronary artery aneurysm']


abstract: Two cationic proteins, a neutral phosphatase (NP-tase) and a 70-kD protein ( @entity19176 ) were isolated from @entity794 by ion exchange chromatography. We compared their properties to those of the well established B cell mitogen of whole, fixed Staph. aureus strain Cowan I cells (SAC). Both purified proteins were able to induce immunoglobulin synthesis in PBMC cultures of healthy donors. NP-tase and @entity19176 also induced immunoglobulin synthesis of PBMC from those @entity1 with @entity6078 who were also responsive to SAC plus @entity1199 stimulation. Immunoglobulin synthesis in response to NP-tase and to @entity19176 was time- and dose-dependent and could be inhibited by addition of specific antibodies against the proteins. In contrast to SAC, no addition of exogenous @entity1199 was necessary to obtain maximal immunoglobulin synthesis induced by NP-tase or @entity19176 . However, neither protein was able to induce immunoglobulin synthesis in B cell-enriched cultures. High amounts of @entity1199 were found in supernatants of PBMC from healthy donors following stimulation with low concentrations of NP-tase or @entity19176 , and this was associated with vigorous lymphocyte proliferation. Both proteins behave like typical antigens, and not like lectins or superantigens, since an NP-tase-stimulated T cell line showed an antigen-specific, MHC-restricted secondary response. In addition, no preferential T cell receptor V beta chain usage was found with eight V beta-specific MoAb. It is likely that the two proteins induce antigen-specific T cell activation, which is then followed by polyclonal activation of B cells via @entity2936 receptors and cytokine release.

title: Two novel cationic staphylococcal proteins induce XXXX secretion, proliferation and immunoglobulin synthesis in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of both healthy controls and @entity1 with @entity6078 ( @entity6078 ).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']

answer: @entity1199 :: (3558,Gene) :: ['IL-2']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Prenatal ultrasound is one of many techniques used in screening and diagnosis. It gives parents instant access to the images of the fetus. Receiving information promotes knowledge and understanding, but it may also increase maternal @entity148 . OBJECTIVES: To compare high feedback versus low feedback during prenatal ultrasound for reducing maternal @entity148 and improving maternal health behaviour. SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group's Trials Register (March 2010), the Central Register of Controlled Trials (The Cochrane Library 2010, Issue 1), MEDLINE (January 1966 to 1 March 2010), and the metaRegister of Controlled Trials (mRCT) (March 2010). We handsearched citation lists of relevant publications. We did not apply any language restrictions. SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of high feedback ( @entity1 can see the monitor screen and receive detailed visual and verbal explanations) versus low feedback ( @entity1 can not see the monitor screen and @entity1 are given only a summary statement of the scan) during prenatal ultrasound. The primary outcome measure was maternal state @entity148 . DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two authors independently assessed trial quality and extracted data. We have expressed results as risk ratio (RR) or mean differences, together with their 95% confidence intervals (CI). MAIN RESULTS: We included four studies (365 @entity1 ). Three RCTs(346 @entity1 ) reported the effect of high versus low feedback during ultrasound on state @entity148 scores (mean difference 0.92, 95% CI -0.58 to 2.43). Two trials (148 @entity1 ) reported @entity1 's views of the level of feedback. They do not show that @entity1 in the high feedback groups are more likely to choose very positive adjectives to describe their feelings after the scan (RR 3.30; 95% CI 0.73 to 14.85). @entity1 who had a high feedback during ultrasound were more likely to stop smoking during pregnancy (one trial, 129 @entity1 ; RR 2.93; 95% CI 1.25 to 6.86) and to avoid @entity285 during pregnancy (one trial, 129 @entity1 ; RR 2.96; 95% CI 1.15 to 7.60). AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: There is insufficient evidence to support either high or low feedback during a prenatal ultrasound to reduce maternal @entity148 and promote health behaviour.

title: High feedback versus low feedback of prenatal ultrasound for reducing maternal XXXX and improving maternal health behaviour in pregnancy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'Women']

answer: @entity148 :: (MESH:D001008,Disease) :: ['anxiety']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the previously unreported application of the extensile Henry approach to the operative treatment of @entity174 . METHODS: Thirty-one cases were retrospectively reviewed at an average follow-up of 18.5 months. RESULTS: There were 8 simple and 23 complex associated @entity174 patterns. The average operative time was 4.5 hours, and the average @entity190 was 1,160 mL. Reduction was anatomic in 26 @entity1 (84%), satisfactory in 4 @entity1 (13%), and unsatisfactory in 1 @entity1 (3%). Radiographic results at follow-up were 25 excellent results, 4 good results, and 2 poor results. Twenty-six @entity1 reported no limitation of ordinary activities, whereas five @entity1 had to modify their activities because of @entity158 . No @entity2736 occurred in 24 @entity1 (77%). In the seven @entity1 with @entity2736 , only one @entity1 had a significant @entity572 . Additional complications were two cases of @entity2737 , one case of hardware failure, and two cases of @entity2530 of the @entity2738 . There were no iatrogenic @entity1930 , nor was there any development of flap @entity39 . CONCLUSION: The extensile Henry approach is a versatile approach offering an excellent exposure for surgical treatment of @entity174 . The rate of complications is comparable with or lower than that of other surgical approaches. By providing a direct exposure of the posterior pelvis, the extensile Henry approach has the advantage of minimizing the risk of @entity1930 . In addition, the incidence of clinically significant @entity2736 may be reduced through the use of low-dose radiation prophylaxis.

title: Operative treatment of XXXX through the extensile Henry approach.

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['acetabular fractures', 'fracture']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity2737 :: ('MESH:D014946', 'Disease') :: ['superficial wound infection']

entities_list: @entity572 :: ('MESH:D006617', 'Disease') :: ['decrease in hip range of motion']

entities_list: @entity2736 :: ('MESH:D009999', 'Disease') :: ['heterotopic ossification']

entities_list: @entity2738 :: ('MESH:D005271', 'Disease') :: ['femoral head']

entities_list: @entity1930 :: ('MESH:D020426', 'Disease') :: ['injuries to the sciatic nerve', 'iatrogenic injury to the sciatic nerve']

entities_list: @entity2530 :: ('MESH:D010020', 'Disease') :: ['avascular necrosis']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['acetabular fractures']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To probe into effects of Linggui Bafa (method for picking eight points linked with extraordinary meridians according to time) on the therapeutic effect and quality of life in @entity1 of @entity64 . METHODS: One hundred and twenty cases were randomly divided into 3 groups, an observation group 1, an observation group 2 and a control group, 40 cases in each group. All @entity1 were given routine clinical treatments and second level medical prevention. @entity1 in the observation group 1 received Linggui Bafa acupuncture treatment 2 weeks after @entity64 ; at the same time the observation group 2 was treated with oral administration of @entity3756 . The control group did not receive any form of either acupuncture or oral medication, but early rehabilitative intervention and psychological treatment were initiated. Curative effects were evaluated with @entity308 ( @entity308 ), @entity177 ( @entity177 ), National Institutes of Health @entity64 Scale (NIHSS) and SF-36 after the treatment and 6 months later, respectively. RESULTS: The scores of @entity308 , @entity177 (cognition function) and general health, role-physical, role-emotional, social function, vitality, mental health in SF-36 in the observation group 1 were significantly higher than those in the control group after treatment and 6 months later (P<0.01, P<0.05). The scores of physical function in SF-36 after treatment and NIHSS 6 months later in the observation group 1 were significantly improved than those in the control group (P<0.01, P<0.05). The scores of @entity177 (cognition function) and role-physical, social function, mental health in SF-36 after treatment and @entity308 and general health, social function, mental health in SF-36 6 months later in the observation group 2 were significantly better than those in the control group (P<0.01, P<0.05). The scores of @entity308 , @entity177 (cognition function) and general health, role-emotional, social function, vitality, mental health in SF-36 in the observation group 1 were significantly improved than those in the observation group 2 after treatment and 6 months later (P<0.01, P<0.05). The scores of NIHSS and role-physical in SF-36 in the observation group 1 were significantly higher than those in the observation group 2 6 months later (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Acupuncture can improve @entity308 symptoms and quality of life of @entity1 with @entity64 and the effects were better than @entity3756 .

title: [Effects of Linggui Bafa on the therapeutic effect and quality of life in @entity1 of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['post stroke depression', 'stroke', 'Stroke']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Hamilton Depression Scale', 'depression', 'HAMD']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['Function Independent Measure', 'FIM']

entities_list: @entity3756 :: ('MESH:D020280', 'Chemical') :: ['Sertraline']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['post-stroke depression']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody (ANCA)-associated @entity1333 ( @entity13762 ) have high mortality despite the introduction of immunosuppressive therapy. We investigated factors associated with mortality of @entity1 with @entity13762 in a single Chinese cohort. METHODS: A total of 398 consecutive @entity1 with @entity13762 diagnosed in our center were recruited. Clinical and laboratory data were collected retrospectively. The predictive values of variables associated with mortality were analyzed. RESULTS: During followup of a median duration 25.5 months (range 1-196 mo), 135 out of 398 @entity1 (33.9%) died, with 83 @entity204 within the first 12 months after diagnosis. Independent predictors of all-cause mortality were age (p < 0.001), secondary infection (p < 0.001), @entity358 of @entity13762 (p = 0.012), and initial renal function (p = 0.001). Secondary infection was the leading cause of @entity204 (53/153, 39.3%) during the first year after diagnosis, while cardiovascular event was the leading cause of @entity204 (15/53, 28.8%) after 12 months from diagnosis. Independent predictors of secondary infection were age (p = 0.002), initial renal function (p = 0.041), lymphocyte counts in the peripheral blood (p = 0.03), and underlying @entity358 of @entity13762 (p = 0.001). CONCLUSION: Secondary infection is the overall leading cause and independent predictor of @entity204 in @entity1 diagnosed with @entity13762 . Cardiovascular event is a major cause of @entity204 during the late followup. Prudent monitoring should be given to @entity1 of advancing age with @entity8 to reduce adverse events, especially infectious complications.

title: Predictors for mortality in patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody-associated @entity1333 : a study of 398 Chinese XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1333 :: ('MESH:D014657', 'Disease') :: ['vasculitis']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary involvement']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['death', 'deaths']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to determine whether en bloc resection of @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) invading the thoracic inlet (TI) and spine can provide good long-term outcomes. METHODS: We studied 54 consecutive @entity1 treated with en bloc resection of @entity1149 invading the TI and spine between 1992 and 2009 at our center. There were 36 @entity1 and 18 @entity1 with a mean age of 51 years (range, 37 to 71 years). Tumor resection involved at least 2 vertebral levels. We divided the @entity1 into 3 groups based on whether vertebral invasion involved the transverse process only, the intervertebral foramina, requiring hemivertebrectomies with spinal fixation, or the vertebral body, requiring total vertebral body resection with spinal fixation. RESULTS: Induction chemotherapy was given to 27 (50%) @entity1 including 3 who also received induction radiotherapy. Nine (17%) @entity1 were in the transverse process group, 42 (78%) in the intervertebral foramina group, and 3 (6%) in the vertebral body group. Resection involved the subclavian artery in 19 (35%) @entity1 . Complete resection was achieved in 49 (91%) @entity1 . There were no perioperative @entity204 or residual @entity16 . Recurrence occurred in 31 (57%) @entity1 and was local (n=6), systemic (n=24), or both (n=1). Local recurrence was more common in @entity1 with N2-3 disease (p=0.0008) and subclavian artery involvement (p=0.031). There was a nonsignificant increase in local recurrence in @entity1 with positive resection margins (40% vs 10%, p=0.058). The 1-, 5-, and 10-year survival rates were 82%, 31%, and 31%, respectively. The 1-, 5- and 10-year disease-free survival rates were 63%, 28%, and 28%, respectively. Five @entity1 are alive and free of disease 10 years after surgery. By multivariate analysis, factors that independently affected survival were incomplete (R1) resection (p=0.006; odds ratio 67; 95% confidence interval 1.5 to 11.3) and subclavian artery involvement (p=0.037; odds ratio 0.46; 95% confidence interval 0.2 to 0.9). CONCLUSIONS: Good long-term survival can be achieved in highly selected @entity1 with @entity1149 invading the TI and spine, provided complete en bloc resection is performed.

title: Long-term outcomes of en bloc resection of XXXX invading the thoracic inlet and spine.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurologic impairments']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We studied the efficacy of 25-microg @entity396 pessaries as either single or double dose compared with a 3-mg @entity1421 pessary for cervical priming. DESIGN AND SETTING: A randomised controlled trial in Singapore. POPULATION: One hundred and seventy-one @entity1 with term pregnancies and modified Bishop scores (mBS) < or =6 from 2003 to 2004. METHOD: @entity1 were randomised to single @entity396 dose, double @entity396 dose or the current @entity1421 regimen. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Primary outcome was number of @entity1 who achieved favourable mBS >6 or active labour by day 2. Secondary outcomes were time interval from insertion to delivery, @entity854 , delivery and neonatal outcome. RESULTS: More @entity1 in the @entity396 double-dose group (96.6%) and @entity1421 group (93%) achieved the primary outcome compared with the single-dose group (77.8%) (P = 0.003 and P = 0.03, respectively). There was no difference in secondary outcomes. More multiparous @entity1 achieve primary outcome compared with nulliparous @entity1 (odds ratio 0.21, 95% confidence interval 0.06-0.77). CONCLUSION: Double-dose @entity396 25 microg is as effective as @entity1421 3 mg inserts for cervical priming; both are more efficacious than a single-dose @entity396 pessary. Parity prognosticates the success of induction.

title: A randomised controlled trial of low-dose @entity396 and XXXX vaginal pessaries for cervical priming.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity1421 :: ('MESH:D015232', 'Chemical') :: ['dinoprostone']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['cardiotocographic abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity396 :: ('MESH:D016595', 'Chemical') :: ['misoprostol']

answer: @entity1421 :: (MESH:D015232,Chemical) :: ['dinoprostone']


abstract: Cellular characteristics of BAL were investigated in 18 @entity1 with proved @entity370 (that is, @entity370 that affected the skin, eyes, parotid glands, stomach, nose, kidneys, or meninges) without clinical or radiological mediastinopulmonary involvement. Computed tomography of the thorax was performed on five @entity1 : four @entity1 were normal, and one had enlarged lymph nodes (these enlargements were not detectable on the @entity1 's chest roentgenogram). The results of pulmonary function tests were normal in all @entity1 . The total BAL cell count did not differ significantly between controls and @entity1 . Abnormal percentages of alveolar lymphocytes (from 18 to 87%) were noted in 15 out of 18 @entity1 . SACE levels were normal in 15 @entity1 . No pulmonary @entity2719 uptake was detected. The chemiluminescence of AM's, whether spontaneous or @entity4515 induced, was increased in five out of seven @entity1 . The percentages of T3+ lymphocytes in @entity370 @entity1 did not significantly differ from those in controls. The T4+:T8+ ratio was normal in four @entity1 and slightly increased in one. Follow-up of @entity1 showed that @entity6113 is as lasting as extrathoracic involvement. Our data demonstrate increased percentages of lymphocytes and activated AM's in the BAL of @entity1 with @entity370 . This may be due to the initial involvement of the respiratory tract in @entity370 or to the diffusion of activated macrophages and lymphocytes from an extrathoracic site into the lung.

title: Activated alveolar macrophage and lymphocyte alveolitis in XXXX without radiological mediastinopulmonary involvement.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity6113 :: ('MESH:D008218', 'Disease') :: ['alveolar lymphocytosis']

entities_list: @entity370 :: ('MESH:D012507', 'Disease') :: ['sarcoidosis', 'extrathoracic sarcoidosis']

answer: @entity370 :: (MESH:D012507,Disease) :: ['extrathoracic sarcoidosis']


abstract: Pathological @entity1283 is characterized by subcellular remodeling of the ventricular myocyte with a reduction in the scaffolding protein @entity15587 ( @entity3895 -3), altered @entity141 cycling, increased @entity16084 C expression, and hyperactivation of calcineurin/nuclear factor of activated T cell (NFAT) signaling. However, the precise role of @entity3895 -3 in the regulation of local @entity141 signaling in pathological @entity1283 is unclear. We used cardiac-specific @entity3895 -3-overexpressing @entity19 and in vivo and in vitro @entity1283 models to determine the essential requirement for @entity3895 -3 expression in protection against pharmacologically and pressure overload-induced @entity1283 . Transverse aortic constriction and @entity15395 ( @entity15395 ) infusion in @entity164 ( @entity164 ) @entity19 resulted in @entity1283 characterized by significant reduction in fractional shortening, ejection fraction, and a reduced expression of @entity3895 -3. In addition, association of PKCa and @entity15395 receptor, type 1, with @entity3895 -3 was disrupted in the @entity123 . Whole cell patch clamp analysis demonstrated increased expression of T-type @entity141 current (ICa, T) in @entity123 . In contrast, the @entity3895 -3-overexpressing @entity19 demonstrated protection from transverse aortic constriction or @entity15395 -induced pathological @entity1184 with inhibition of ICa, T and intact @entity3895 -3-associated macromolecular signaling complexes. siRNA-mediated knockdown of @entity3895 -3 in the neonatal cardiomyocytes resulted in enhanced @entity15395 stimulation of ICa, T mediated by PKCa, which caused nuclear translocation of NFAT. Overexpression of @entity3895 -3 in neonatal myocytes prevented a PKCa-mediated increase in ICa, T and nuclear translocation of NFAT. In conclusion, we show that stable @entity3895 -3 expression is essential for protecting the signaling mechanisms in pharmacologically and pressure overload-induced @entity1283 .

title: @entity15587 Overexpression Attenuates XXXX via Inhibition of T-type @entity141 Current Modulated by @entity16084 Ca in Cardiomyocytes.

entities_list: @entity1283 :: ('MESH:D006332', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity123 :: ('MESH:D024741', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophic ventricular myocytes']

answer: @entity1283 :: (MESH:D006332,Disease) :: ['Cardiac Hypertrophy']


abstract: 1. Ventricular trabeculae from @entity35 heart were chemically skinned with @entity6000 , which disrupts all cellular membranes including the sarcoplasmic reticulum. In the effective absence of @entity141 (10(-9) M), trabeculae developed a maintained rigor contracture when @entity855 was withdrawn from the bathing solution. 2. The final level of tension obtained following withdrawal of @entity855 was dependent upon the pH of the bathing solution during development of rigor. Rigor tension at pH 5.5 was 10.1 +/- 0.9% (n = 8, mean +/- S.E.M.) of that at pH 7.0. Bathing the preparation in alkaline solution increased rigor force. At pH 8.0, rigor force increased to 218 +/- 6.7% (n = 4) of control responses developed at pH 7.0. The rate of development of rigor tension increased as the pH of the bathing solution was increased. Once established, rigor tension was unaffected by subsequent changes in pH. These effects of pH were fully reversible within the range 5.5-8.0. 3. The final level of rigor tension was slightly reduced when inorganic @entity1391 (P(i)) was included in the bathing solution prior to withdrawal of @entity855 . P(i) concentrations of 10, 20 and 30 mM reduced rigor tension to 87 +/- 2, 83 +/- 3 and 82 +/- 4% respectively. There was no significant effect of P(i) on the rate of development of rigor. The effect of P(i) at pH 6.0 was not significantly different from that observed at the control pH of 7.0. 4. These results suggest that the fall of intracellular pH and, to a lesser extent, the rise in [P(i)] that occurs during ischaemia will partially inhibit the development of a rigor contracture.

title: Effects of pH and inorganic @entity1391 on rigor tension in chemically skinned XXXX ventricular trabeculae.

entities_list: @entity1391 :: ('CHEBI:26020', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphate']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: Postoperative @entity3472 is the most common and potentially life-threatening complication after pancreatic surgery. Although nutritional support is a key component of conservative therapy in such cases, there have been no well-designed clinical trials substantiating the superiority of either total parenteral nutrition or enteral nutrition. This study was conducted to compare the efficacy and safety of both routes of nutritional intervention. METHODS: A randomized clinical trial was conducted in a tertiary surgical center of pancreatic and gastrointestinal surgery. Seventy-eight @entity1 with @entity3472 were treated conservatively and randomly assigned to groups receiving for 30 days either enteral nutrition or total parenteral nutrition. The primary end point was the 30-day @entity292 closure rate. RESULTS: After 30 days, closure rates in @entity1 receiving enteral and parenteral nutrition were 60% (24 of 40) and 37% (14 of 38), respectively (P=.043). The odds ratio for the probability that @entity292 closes on enteral nutrition compared to total parenteral nutrition was 2.571 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.031-6.411). Median time to closure was 27 days (95% CI: 21-33) for enteral nutrition, and no median time was reached in total parenteral nutrition (P=.047). A logistic regression analysis identified only 2 factors significantly associated with @entity292 closure, ie, enteral nutrition (odds ratio=6.136; 95% CI: 1.204-41.623; P=.043) and initial @entity292 output of  <=200 mL/day (odds ratio=12.701; 95% CI: 9.102-47.241; P<.001). CONCLUSIONS: Enteral nutrition is associated with significantly higher closure rates and shorter time to closure of @entity3472 .

title: Enteral and parenteral nutrition in the conservative treatment of XXXX : a randomized clinical trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3472 :: ('MESH:D010185', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic fistula', 'postoperative pancreatic fistula']

answer: @entity3472 :: (MESH:D010185,Disease) :: ['pancreatic fistula']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Since delay in recognition and effective treatment of @entity39 ( @entity39 ) caused by invasive group A streptococcus increases the mortality and disability, the early diagnosis and management of this disease are essential for a better outcome. We presented a @entity1 with a severe form of streptococcal @entity39 of the left upper limb in whom amputation was performed as a life saving procedure. CASE REPORT: A 65-year-old @entity1 , previously healthy, suffered an injury to his left hand by sting on a fish bone. Two days after that the @entity1 got fever, redness, @entity4 and @entity158 in his left hand. Clinical examination of the @entity1 after admission indicated @entity39 that spread quickly to the entire left upper limb, left armpit, and the left side of the chest and abdomen. Despite the use of aggressive antibiotic and surgical therapy severe destruction of the skin and subcutaneous tissues developed with the development of @entity3140 . In this situation, the team of specialists decided that the @entity1 must be operated on submitted to amputation of the left arm, at the shoulder. After amputation and aggressive debridement of soft tissue on the left side of the trunk, the @entity1 completely recovered. beta-hemolytic streptococcus group A was isolated from the skin and tissue obtained during the surgery. CONCLUSION: In the most severe forms of streptococcal @entity39 of the extremities, adequate multidisciplinary treatment, including limb amputation, can save the life of a @entity1 .

title: Severe form of streptococcal XXXX of the upper limb--diagnostic and therapeutic challenge: A case report.

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrotizing fasciitis', 'NF']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['swelling']

entities_list: @entity3140 :: ('MESH:D038062', 'Disease') :: ['gangrene of the left upper limb']

answer: @entity39 :: (MESH:D009336,Disease) :: ['necrotizing fasciitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To evaluate the outcomes with the American Medical Systems @entity1690 ( @entity1690 ) implantation for the treatment of intractable @entity322 in an Asian population. METHODS: Six Asian @entity1 who underwent @entity1690 implantation between March 2004 and December 2007 for the treatment of @entity322 were reviewed. RESULTS: The @entity1690 was successfully implanted in six @entity1 [mean age 50 (20-73) years; 4 males]. The most common causes of @entity322 were @entity154 of the anus (imperforate anus status post a pull-through procedure) and status-post ultralow anterior resection. Two @entity1 required device explantation due to @entity86 . One eventually required a colostomy. After a mean follow-up of 22 (4-36) months, four @entity1 continued to have a functional @entity1690 . @entity322 severity scores improved from a mean of 13 (12-14) to 6 (0-9) postactivation. Anal manometry showed an increase in mean resting pressures (19.2 +/- 7.5 mmHg vs. postimplantation with cuff inflated 45.0 +/- 12.0 mmHg). The comparative preoperative and postactivation @entity322 quality of life scores showed improvement in all aspects. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with successful @entity1690 implantation benefited from improved outcomes in function and quality of life. Infection was the most common cause of failure in our @entity1 .

title: Artificial bowel sphincter implantation for XXXX in Asian @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['congenital anomaly']

entities_list: @entity1690 :: ('MESH:D046628', 'Disease') :: ['artificial bowel sphincter', 'ABS']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['faecal incontinence', 'incontinence', 'Faecal incontinence']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative infection']

answer: @entity322 :: (MESH:D014549,Disease) :: ['faecal incontinence']


abstract: Speech-language pathology outcomes following @entity64 are poorly understood, and potential predictors of these, such as age and therapy input have not been well documented. For 12 months, the Australian Therapy Outcome Measures (AusTOMs) for Speech Pathology scales were used to rate swallowing and language outcomes for @entity1 (n  =  63) receiving rehabilitation post @entity64 . Outcomes were compared by service type (inpatient versus home based), amount of input and @entity1 age. Greatest improvement was seen on the Swallowing scale. There was no difference in outcomes of inpatients compared to home based rehabilitation @entity1 . There was a trend towards better outcomes with increasing input for the Swallowing scale and for Participation Restriction and Distress/Wellbeing domains. @entity1 less than 75 years of age had better Participation Restriction and Distress/Wellbeing outcomes, compared to older @entity1 . These results align with previous studies, suggesting that inpatient and home based service models may be equally effective post @entity64 . Therapy input and @entity1 age were related to some, but not all, domains of the AusTOMs, and these results may have implications for @entity1 management. They should also direct future research to further explore these relationships; for example, to identify optimal input to achieve best outcomes.

title: Outcomes of speech-language pathology following XXXX : Investigation of inpatient rehabilitation and rehabilitation in the home programs.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patients']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['stroke']