abstract: @entity1596 is one of the major diagnostic criteria of @entity195 ( @entity195 ), a chronic systemic inflammatory pathology with an uncertain etiology. Since @entity1596 is more frequent in male @entity1 , we assessed the level and the effect of sex hormones on inflammatory responses during @entity195 . Peripheral blood was taken from 19 @entity1 with @entity195 and 20 healthy subjects. @entity53 , @entity251 and @entity701 were measured in plasma by ELISA. Circulating mononuclear cells (PBMC) were obtained on gradient density and cultured with or without the three hormones for 24h at 37    C. IL-12 and @entity842 (NO) were measured in vivo and ex vivo by ELISA and a modified Griess method, respectively. We confirmed the significantly higher in vivo and in vitro levels of NO and IL-12 in @entity195 in comparison to controls (P<0.05). We also found that circulating @entity701 was lower in @entity195 while sex hormones did not show any significant difference between the groups (P>0.05). In vitro, NO was reduced by @entity53 and @entity701 and increased by @entity251 in both sexes. In contrast, while IL-12 production showed the same production profile as NO in @entity1 , @entity53 and @entity701 failed to reduce IL-12 levels in @entity1 . Our results may explain in part the differences observed between @entity1 and @entity1 in disease clinical expression. In fact, male @entity1 seem to have defective IL-12 down-regulation by @entity53 and @entity701 that increases @entity1198 immune responses. This may be implicated in the severe expression of @entity195 in @entity1 .

title: [Influence of steroid hormones on the production of two inflammatory markers, IL-12 and @entity842 , in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity1596 :: ('MESH:D014605', 'Disease') :: ['Uveitis', 'uveitis']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['Estradiol', 'estradiol']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["Beh  et's disease", 'BD']

answer: @entity195 :: (MESH:D000544,Disease) :: ['Beh  et's disease']


abstract: Twenty-six @entity1 with @entity6583 were studied with MR imaging to correlate their clinical presentation with the location and appearance of their @entity75 . Intraventricular cysts were present in 14 @entity1 (54%), parenchymal cysts were present in 18 (69%), and intraventricular together with parenchymal cysts were present in six (23%). Intraventricular cysts were detected by mass effect, @entity67 , detection of a cyst rim, and/or CSF flow void adjacent to the cyst. The intensity of most intraventricular and parenchymal cysts presumed to be viable was similar to that of CSF on both T1- and T2-weighted sequences. Cysts presumed to be degenerated had increased signal intensity on T1-weighted images, probably resulting from increased protein content. Pericystic high signal intensity surrounding lesions of various ages was seen on both proton-density- and T2-weighted images and represents @entity5219 , @entity4 , and @entity32 . @entity1 with parenchymal cysts had symptoms of @entity410 , while those with intraventricular cysts generally had symptoms related to obstructive @entity1276 . @entity1276 , seen in 10 @entity1 (38%), was possibly due to ependymal @entity32 or adhesions caused by prior @entity67 by @entity6583 . One @entity1 with the racemose form of @entity6583 demonstrated abundant cyst wall proliferation resulting in obstructive @entity1276 . In six @entity1 scanned 1-6 months after oral @entity2039 therapy, there was no change in the MR appearance of intraventricular cysts, while some parenchymal cysts showed evidence of degeneration. We found MR to be useful in detecting the cysts of @entity6583 and the accompanying signs of @entity32 . MR was inferior to CT in the detection of parenchymal calcifications.

title: MR imaging of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation', 'cyst degeneration and pericystic inflammation']

entities_list: @entity6583 :: ('MESH:D020019', 'Disease') :: ['neurocysticercosis']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures']

entities_list: @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['hydrocephalus', 'Aqueductal stenosis']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['neurocysticercosis lesions']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular obstruction', 'ventricular infection']

entities_list: @entity2039 :: ('MESH:D011223', 'Chemical') :: ['praziquantel']

answer: @entity6583 :: (MESH:D020019,Disease) :: ['neurocysticercosis']


abstract: Here, we characterize a transmembrane protein of the nuclear envelope that we name @entity33109 ( @entity33109 ). The protein is conserved in metazoa and @entity6739 and is homologous to Net5 in @entity35 and Ima1 in @entity6739 . We show that, in @entity1 cells, the protein is a membrane-spanning polypeptide with an apparent molecular mass of 43 kDa. This is consistent with a predicted polypeptide of 392 @entity1522 that has five transmembrane segments and its C-terminus exposed to the nucleoplasm. During interphase, @entity33109 was specifically distributed in the inner nuclear membrane. Post-transcriptional silencing of @entity33109 expression resulted in separation of centrosomes from the nuclear envelope, indicating that it is functionally connected to the cytoskeleton. At the onset of mitosis, most of the protein dispersed out into the ER, as expected. However, during mitosis, a significant fraction of the protein specifically localized to the polar regions of the mitotic spindle. We demonstrate for the first time, in @entity1 cells, the existence of a membranous structure overlapping with the mitotic spindle. Interestingly, another integral inner nuclear membrane protein, @entity28464 , was absent from the spindle-associated membranes. Thus, @entity33109 defines a specific membrane domain associated with the mitotic spindle.

title: An integral protein of the inner nuclear membrane localizes to the mitotic spindle in XXXX cells.

entities_list: @entity6739 :: ('4896', 'Species') :: ['Schizosaccharomyces pombe', 'fission yeast']

entities_list: @entity33109 :: ('199953', 'Gene') :: ['spindle-associated membrane protein 1', 'Samp1']

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['mammalian']


abstract: Twenty-four consecutive @entity1 with @entity1777 were treated after surgery with @entity900 , @entity5713 , and @entity1732 ( @entity7297 regimen). The cycle was repeated every 3 weeks for three to five courses. Fourteen @entity1 had @entity2970 , and 10 had mixed @entity2971 . Stage of disease (FIGO, 1986) was as follows: stage I, 6; stage IIc-IV, 17; and recurrence, 1 @entity1 . All @entity1 were monitored by @entity160 and @entity1 chorionic gonadotropin. Only 1 @entity1 had received previous chemotherapy. All 5 @entity1 without @entity66 and with negative marker levels in which @entity7297 was used as adjuvant treatment were free of disease for a median duration of 59 months from the start of @entity7297 . Of the 19 @entity1 with measurable disease (evident disease or positive marker levels), complete remission was obtained in 16 (84%), but 5 of these relapsed. Therefore, treatment with @entity7297 failed in 8 out of 19 @entity1 (42%) with measurable disease. @entity137 was evident, but no @entity1 died of it. Menses were regular in 11 @entity1 whose initial surgery was conservative. @entity7297 regimen is an effective but not a satisfactory treatment. The considerable failure rate of @entity7297 treatment suggests the investigation of other regimens.

title: Nondysgerminomatous tumors of the ovary treated with @entity900 , XXXX , and @entity1732 : long-term results.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['Toxicity']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['residual disease']

entities_list: @entity2971 :: ('MESH:D009373', 'Disease') :: ['germ cell tumors']

entities_list: @entity1777 :: ('MESH:C537296', 'Disease') :: ['nondysgerminomatous germ cell tumor of the ovary']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity2970 :: ('MESH:D018240', 'Disease') :: ['endodermal sinus tumor']

entities_list: @entity160 :: ('174', 'Gene') :: ['alpha-fetoprotein']

entities_list: @entity1732 :: ('MESH:D001761', 'Chemical') :: ['bleomycin']

entities_list: @entity5713 :: ('MESH:D014747', 'Chemical') :: ['vinblastine']

answer: @entity5713 :: (MESH:D014747,Chemical) :: ['vinblastine']


abstract: Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SNB), using radioactive tracers, is a novel, interesting tool in the staging of @entity1 with @entity957 ( @entity957 ), which could lead to a reduced rate of elective neck dissections. The aim of the study was to evaluate the ranking of measured radioactivity in the sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) and to correlate these findings with histopathological results to assess the number of @entity4298 being sufficient for exact staging of the neck. In 77 consecutive @entity1 with T1-4 @entity957 clinically and positron emission tomography-staged N0, between 15 and 55 MBq of Tc- 99m-labeled albumin-microcolloids were injected peritumorally and 213 SLNs were excised by small skin incisions using a gamma probe 2-3 hours later. The counts per second (cps) were measured ex vivo and excised SLNs were ranked according to their cps defining the LN with the highest activity as primary @entity4298 , followed by a 2nd, 3rd, and so forth, @entity4298 . Elective neck dissections were not performed. Median activity was 213 cps. All levels harbored SLNs with a maximum (43%) in level II and a minimum in level V (1%). SLNs in level II had significantly higher tracer accumulation (median, 289 cps) than those in levels I (144 cps) and IV (149 cps), but distant levels did not have significantly lower counts, compared to proximal. Eight (8) pathologically positive SLNs in 7 @entity1 (7/77 = 9%; median activity, 157 cps) were detected. The median counts of the positive SLNs were not significantly different from those of the 205 negative SLNs (235 cps). The positive @entity4298 was the one with the highest tracer accumulation in 4 cases, with the second highest in 1 case, and with the third highest tracer accumulation in 2 cases. Three (3) positive @entity4298 were in level IB, 4 in level IIA, and 1 in level III. One (1) @entity1 had 2 positive SLNs: a @entity4298 with the third highest activity in level IIB and a @entity4298 with the fifth highest activity in level III. In @entity957 , excision of only 1 @entity4298 is not feasible. The positive SLNs were not necessarily the hottest nodes. Utilizing radiotracer lymphatic mapping, the 3 SLNs with the highest activity should be excised for exact staging of the neck in @entity1 with T1-3 @entity5 . Excision of all radioactive nodes is recommended until further studies will prove this result. Large T4a @entity5 should not be staged using SNB.

title: The diagnostic role of radioactivity in sentinel nodes in oral and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['OOSCC', 'oral and oropharyngeal squamous-cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['oropharyngeal cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Paresthesia-free cervical 10  kHz spinal cord stimulation ( @entity36312 SCS) may constitute a novel treatment modality for @entity2794 , when pharmacological approaches fail. We report the results of a retrospective analysis assessing the long-term safety, tolerability and efficacy of @entity36312 SCS in a group of @entity1 with chronic refractory primary @entity2794 . FINDINGS: Four @entity1 with @entity2704 ( @entity2704 ), two with chronic SUNA (Short-lasting Unilateral @entity10 attacks with Autonomic symptoms) and one with @entity2686 ( @entity2686 ) refractory to medical treatments, were implanted with cervical @entity36312 SCS. Pre- and post-implantation data were collected from the medical notes and from @entity10 charts. At an average follow-up of 28  months (range: 12-42 months) we observed an improvement of at least 50  % in @entity10 frequency and/or intensity in all @entity2704 @entity1 . One SUNA @entity1 became @entity158 free and the other reported at least 50  % improvement in attacks frequency an duration. The @entity2686 @entity1 reported a significant reduction in CH attacks duration. Two @entity1 underwent a surgical revision due to lead migration. CONCLUSIONS: Paresthesia-free high cervical @entity36312 SCS appears to be a long-term safe and likely effective therapeutic approach for @entity1 with chronic refractory primary @entity2794 . These results warrant further prospective studies in larger series of @entity1 .

title: Safety and efficacy of cervical 10  kHz spinal cord stimulation in chronic refractory primary XXXX : a retrospective case series.

entities_list: @entity2686 :: ('MESH:D003027', 'Disease') :: ['chronic cluster headache', 'CCH']

entities_list: @entity2704 :: ('MESH:D008881', 'Disease') :: ['CM', 'chronic migraine']

entities_list: @entity2794 :: ('MESH:D020773', 'Disease') :: ['headache disorders']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['Neuralgiform headache', 'headache']

answer: @entity10 :: (MESH:D006261,Disease) :: ['headaches']


abstract: The @entity7909 ( @entity7909 ) occurs when @entity1 or animals are exposed to hyperbaric pressure. Four non-competitive @entity1024 ( @entity143 ) antagonists - @entity3390 , @entity12781 ( @entity212 ), SKF 10,047 and @entity3652 were tested in @entity35 for effects on the @entity7909 . All drugs were injected i.p. prior to compression; @entity3652 was also infused i.v. Control @entity35 received saline. @entity35 were exposed individually to increasing helium pressure ( @entity4095 0.5 atmospheres absolute ATA). Three endpoints were used to assess @entity7909 : onset pressures for @entity400 , @entity2045 and @entity410 . Neither @entity3390 (0.03 and 0.3 mg/kg) nor SKF 10,047 (50 mg/kg) had any effect on the onset pressures for @entity400 , @entity2045 or @entity410 , although the type of @entity410 was modified from the clonic/tonic @entity410 seen in controls to purely clonic. @entity212 (5 mg/kg) had no effect on the endpoints, but pressure enhanced the excitation and stereotypy seen at 1 ATA. @entity3652 (100 mg/kg i.p.) did not affect @entity400 or @entity2045 ; @entity3652 infused i.v. at pressure only prevented @entity400 and @entity2045 at 'anaesthetizing' concentrations. Our results show that these non-competitive @entity143 antagonists had little effect on @entity7909 , in contrast to competitive @entity143 antagonists, such as AP7, which are highly effective. Possible explanations for this lack of effect include (1) interactions with @entity143 receptor channels are pressure dependent; (2) other actions of these antagonists override their effects on the @entity143 receptor channel.

title: The effects of non-competitive @entity143 receptor antagonists on XXXX exposed to hyperbaric pressure.

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'convulsions']

entities_list: @entity1024 :: ('CHEBI:31882', 'Chemical') :: ['N-methyl-D-aspartate']

entities_list: @entity12781 :: ('MESH:D010622', 'Chemical') :: ['phencyclidine']

entities_list: @entity2045 :: ('MESH:D009207', 'Disease') :: ['myoclonus']

entities_list: @entity3652 :: ('MESH:D007649', 'Chemical') :: ['ketamine', 'Ketamine']

entities_list: @entity7909 :: ('MESH:D006610', 'Disease') :: ['high pressure neurological syndrome', 'HPNS']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: Thirteen (1.8%) of 708 @entity1 with @entity583 treated with recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator in the Thrombolysis and Angioplasty in @entity583 (TAMI) I, II and III trials developed a @entity64 . Four @entity64 were @entity548 and nine were nonhemorrhagic. Of five prespecified risk factors for @entity932 (age greater than 65 years, history of @entity101 , history of prior @entity66 , @entity117 use and acute @entity101 ), two @entity1 had two risk factors and one @entity1 had one risk factor. However, 80% of @entity1 without @entity932 had at least one risk factor and 31% had two risk factors. No @entity1 with a prior @entity64 or transient @entity63 attack (all greater than 6 months previously) had an @entity932 . Of three prespecified risk factors for @entity64 ( @entity955 , prior @entity66 and large anterior wall @entity1188 ), only the occurrence of a large @entity583 (with ejection fraction less than 45%) was a predictor (p = 0.0015). The in-hospital death rate was 25% for @entity1 with @entity64 versus 11% for @entity1 with a non- @entity64 and 6% for those @entity1 without a @entity64 . Furthermore, the hospital stay was greater than 50% longer in @entity1 who had a @entity64 than in those who did not. Thus, @entity932 remains an unpredictable risk in @entity1 treated with thrombolytic therapy and @entity385 is related to @entity583 and poor left ventricular function. Both types of @entity64 are associated with substantial morbidity and mortality.

title: @entity64 and XXXX in the thrombolytic era: clinical correlates and long-term prognosis.

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['strokes', 'nonhemorrhagic stroke', 'stroke', 'hemorrhagic stroke']

entities_list: @entity932 :: ('MESH:D020300', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhagic']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['cerebrovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarction']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['anterior myocardial infarction', 'Myocardial Infarction', 'acute myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral infarction']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['acute myocardial infarction']


abstract: Thirty one white @entity1 from 14 families with multiple cases of @entity309 ( @entity309 ) and 42 of their healthy relatives were completely HLA typed. In contrast with class I antigens, the class II antigens @entity5958 and @entity4107 were significantly more common in the @entity1 than in a group of 200 healthy local white controls ( @entity5958 : 32% v 12%; @entity4107 : 48% v 28%, in @entity1 and controls respectively). Owing to the small number of cases the data from this study were combined with those of published reports. Examination of @entity1 for @entity5958 and @entity4107 homozygosity and @entity27734 heterozygosity showed an increase of @entity5958 homozygous @entity1 , which was not statistically significant. There was no striking deviation from random expectation in haplotype sharing of affected sib pairs. These results are compatible with a dominant influence of @entity5958 and @entity4107 in the mode of inheritance. The nearly random haplotype sharing and the molecular relation between @entity5958 and @entity4107 support the hypothesis of a direct influence of these antigens in the pathogenesis of @entity309 . Only 68% of the @entity1 in this study possessed either @entity5958 or @entity4107 , possibly indicating a subtype of @entity309 which is independent of HLA. Clinical and serological variables were measured and indicated no significant difference between @entity5958 (or @entity4107 ) positive and @entity5958 (or @entity4107 ) negative disease. In this small group of @entity1 the clinical course of @entity309 seemed to be determined mainly by other genetic or environmental factors.

title: HLA typing in families with multiple cases of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA']

answer: @entity309 :: (MESH:D001172,Disease) :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']


abstract: The present study examined the relations between the lesions linked to @entity227 (VE and TE), and those related to @entity227 and @entity1057 . Continuous variations in @entity1 ' performance were used to assess the link between behavioural scores and integrity of both grey and white matter (GM and WM). We found both common and distinct neural substrates associated with extinction and neglect. Damage to angular and middle occipital gyri, superior temporal sulcus (STS) and insula were linked to VE. Lesions involving the supramarginal gyrus (SMG), intraparietal sulcus, middle frontal and superior temporal gyri (MFG and STG) were associated exclusively with @entity1057 . Lesions affecting the temporo-parietal junction (TPJ), the middle temporal region, middle frontal area ( @entity12492 ) as well as the insula and putamen were linked to both @entity1057 and VE. Analysis of the relations between VE and TE highlighted the TPJ as the common site for both modalities. These findings suggest that the TPJ plays a general role in identifying salient events in the sensory environment across multiple modalities. Furthermore, WM analyses pointed to @entity3057 ( @entity3057 ) as critical for interconnecting components of the visuospatial attention network. We demonstrated that functional disconnections resulting from @entity16 contribute to altered performance on attention tasks measuring not only neglect but also VE and TE. We propose that the @entity3057 supports interactions between functionally specialized regions involved in attentional control across multiple sensory modalities.

title: The central role of the temporo-parietal junction and the XXXX in supporting multi-item competition: evidence from lesion-symptom mapping of extinction.

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual and tactile extinction', 'visual field defects']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['SLF damage']

entities_list: @entity1057 :: ('MESH:D058069', 'Disease') :: ['spatial neglect']

entities_list: @entity3057 :: ('MESH:D017887', 'Disease') :: ['superior longitudinal fasciculus', 'SLF']

answer: @entity3057 :: (MESH:D017887,Disease) :: ['superior longitudinal fasciculus']


abstract: A significant level of interleukin-1-( @entity1356 )-like activity was detected in gingival crevicular fluid obtained from sites in @entity1 with chronic @entity2520 , confirming a previous report of @entity1356 -like activity detected in @entity1 gingival crevicular fluid from @entity1 with chronic @entity2521 (J. A. Charon, T. A. Luger, S. E. Mergenhagen, and J. J. Oppenheim, Infect. Immun. 38:1190-1195, 1982). In the present study, we sought to investigate whether this @entity1356 -like activity belonged to @entity1192 or @entity1356 and to characterize some of the biochemical properties of this factor. Polyclonal antibodies against recombinant @entity1 @entity1192 or @entity1356 ( @entity8885 or @entity3426 ) have been used for serological comparison of the @entity1356 -like factor. @entity1356 -like activity was completely neutralized by anti-human @entity8885 antiserum, but not by anti-human @entity3426 antiserum. On gel filtration with a high-pressure liquid chromatographic Superose 12 column, @entity1356 -like activity was separated into two peaks, one with a molecular weight of about 43,000 and the other with a molecular weight of less than 17,000. The majority of the @entity1356 -like factor with a low molecular weight in @entity1 gingival crevicular fluid migrated at a molecular weight of about 17,000 under the reducing conditions of @entity3208 - @entity2975 gel electrophoresis. The specificity of the @entity1356 -like factor was further confirmed by an immunochemical method (Western blotting [immunoblotting]) by using anti-human @entity8885 monoclonal antibodies. On isoelectric chromatography with a high-pressure liquid chromatographic Mono P column, the pI of this @entity1356 -like factor was between pH 4.9 and 5.2. These results suggest that the @entity1356 -like factor in @entity1 gingival crevicular fluid from diseased sites in @entity1 with chronic @entity2521 consists predominantly of @entity1192 .

title: Partial characterization of an interleukin-1-like factor in @entity1 gingival crevicular fluid from @entity1 with chronic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2520 :: ('MESH:D010510', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory periodontal disease']

entities_list: @entity3208 :: ('MESH:D012967', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium dodecyl sulfate']

entities_list: @entity2521 :: ('MESH:D010518', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory periodontitis']

entities_list: @entity2975 :: ('CHEBI:51135', 'Chemical') :: ['polyacrylamide']

answer: @entity2520 :: (MESH:D010510,Disease) :: ['inflammatory periodontal disease']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: We aimed to investigate the sensitivity and reliability of two-dimensional ultrasonographic endpoints at the metacarpophalageal joints (MCPJs) and their potential to provide an early and objective indication of a therapeutic response to treatment intervention in @entity309 ( @entity309 ). METHODS: A randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, two-center, placebo-controlled trial investigated the effect on ultrasonographic measures of @entity603 of repeat dose oral @entity229 , 15mg or 7.5mg, each compared to placebo, in consecutive two-week studies; there were 18 subjects in a 1:1 ratio and 27 subjects in a 2:1 ratio, respectively. All subjects met the 1987 American College of Rheumatology criteria for the diagnosis of @entity309 , were >= 18 years-old with @entity309 duration >= 6 months, and had a Disease Activity Score 28 based on @entity1851 ( @entity1851 >= 3.2. Subjects underwent high-frequency (gray-scale) and power Doppler ultrasonography at Days 1 (baseline), 2, 8 and 15 in the dorsal transverse and longitudinal planes of all 10 MCPJs to obtain summated scores of quantitative and semi-quantitative measures of synovial thickness as well as vascularity. The primary endpoint was the summated score of power Doppler area measured quantitatively in all 10 MCPJs in the transverse plane at Day 15. Clinical efficacy was assessed at the same time points by DAS28(CRP). RESULTS: All randomized subjects completed the trial. The comparison between daily 15 mg @entity229 and placebo at Day 15 yielded a statistically significant treatment effect (effect size = 1.17, P = 0.013) in change from baseline in the primary endpoint, but borderline for @entity229 7.5 mg daily versus placebo (effect size = 0.61, P = 0.071). A significant treatment effect for DAS28(CRP) was only observed at Day 15 in the @entity229 15 mg group (effect size = 0.95, P = 0.032). However, significant treatment effects at all time points for a variety of ultrasound (US) endpoints were detected with both @entity229 doses; the largest observed effect size = 2.33. Combining US endpoints with DAS28(CRP) improved the registration of significant treatment effects. The parallel scan inter-reader reliability of summated 10 MCPJ scores were good to excellent (ICC values >0.61) for the majority of US measures. CONCLUSIONS: Ultrasonography of MCPJs is an early, reliable indicator of therapeutic response in @entity309 with potential to reduce @entity1 numbers and length of trials designed to give preliminary indications of efficacy. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT00746512.

title: Ultrasound of metacarpophalangeal joints is a sensitive and reliable endpoint for drug therapies in XXXX : results of a randomized, two-center placebo-controlled study.

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity603 :: ('MESH:D013585', 'Disease') :: ['synovitis']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA disease', 'RA']

answer: @entity309 :: (MESH:D001172,Disease) :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']


abstract: AIM: The association between @entity29 and @entity358 has not been clearly established. The aim of this prospective study was to define the features of pulmonary function tests and high resolution computed tomography in @entity29 @entity1 and the relation between these and disease activity. METHOD: Fifty-two @entity1 with @entity29 (20 with @entity30 and 32 with @entity31 ) were enrolled. The standard pulmonary function tests and thorax high resolution computed tomography findings were investigated with respect to @entity29 activity. @entity30 activity index and the Rachmilewitz endoscopic activity index for @entity31 were used to assess disease activity. Medications used and smoking status were also documented. RESULTS: Among the @entity1 with @entity31 , 6.25% had an obstructive and/or restrictive @entity1576 compared with 25% of the @entity1 with @entity30 . Fifty percent of the @entity1 with @entity31 and 60% of the @entity1 with @entity30 showed abnormal findings in high resolution computed tomography. Pulmonary function tests and high resolution computed tomography abnormalities did not differ significantly between @entity30 and @entity31 . No significant difference related to @entity29 activity was found (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Findings of high resolution computed tomography and the pulmonary function tests did not differ between @entity31 and @entity30 . @entity29 activity did not seem to affect these measurements.

title: Pulmonary function tests, high-resolution computed tomography findings and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative colitis']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['Bowel disease', 'inflammatory bowel disease']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary involvement']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['ventilatory defect']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ["Crohn's disease"]

answer: @entity29 :: (MESH:D015212,Disease) :: ['inflammatory bowel disease']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Background   The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between red blood cell (RBC) transfusions on the risk of @entity204 , @entity989 ( @entity989 ), @entity2107 ( @entity2107 ), and @entity3166 ( @entity3166 ) in very low birth weight (VLBW) @entity1 . Study Design and Methods   This is an observational study. Data were entered prospectively into the study database at the time of the first transfusion. Clinical characteristics, adverse events, and outcomes of the @entity1 transfused in the first 28 days of life were compared with the population of VLBW @entity1 not transfused during the same period. The association among birth weight, gestational age, comorbidities, and the number of transfusions was estimated with a Poisson regression model. The association between the composite outcome and the occurrence of @entity204 , @entity989 , or @entity2107 separately considered and a set of covariates was estimated with a logistic regression model. Results   We enrolled 641 VLBW @entity1 , 42% of whom were transfused. Transfusions were associated with the risk of developing the composite outcome, independently from other conditions; this risk correlated with several transfusions   >=    3 (odds ratio: 5.88, 95% confidence interval: 2.74-12.6). @entity989 and @entity2107 were associated with several transfusions   >=    3. Conclusion   We observed an association between RBC transfusions and the composite risk of @entity204 or @entity989 , @entity2107 , and @entity3166 .

title: Effects of Red Blood Cell Transfusions on the Risk of Developing XXXX : An Observational Study of a Cohort of Very Low Birth Weight @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity3166 :: ('MESH:D020345', 'Disease') :: ['necrotizing enterocolitis', 'NEC']

entities_list: @entity2107 :: ('MESH:D001997', 'Disease') :: ['bronchopulmonary dysplasia', 'BPD']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['retinopathy of prematurity', 'ROP']

answer: @entity204 :: (MESH:D003643,Disease) :: ['Complications or Death']


abstract: Objectives. To evaluate the predictive value of @entity882 in @entity311 . @entity1 and Methods. It was a prospective observational study on all febrile @entity1 with @entity882 presenting to the Medical Unit of Hayat Abad Medical Complex during November 2008 to November 2010. Results. Of the total of 228 @entity1 with @entity221 and @entity882 , 121 @entity1 (53%) proved to be suffering from @entity311 . Of them 82 @entity1 (68%) had @entity9231 @entity311 while 39 @entity1 (32%) had vivax infection. Of these 121 @entity1 , platelet counts ranged between 25,000 and 150,000/dL with a mean value of 101,000/dL (SD    47, 500) and a median of 75,000/dL. Of the 107 @entity1 who were not suffering from @entity311 , the counts ranged between 10,000 and 150,000/dL with a mean value of 58,000/dL (SD    54, 000) and median of 50,000/dL. Conclusions. The presence of @entity882 may be a predictor of @entity311 in adult population.

title: @entity882 as an indicator of XXXX in adult population.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity9231 :: ('MESH:D016778', 'Disease') :: ['falciparum']

answer: @entity311 :: (MESH:D008288,Disease) :: ['malaria']


abstract: The effect of the plant toxin abrin and of @entity786 given as adjuvant chemotherapy after irradiation of the @entity5 was studied in @entity19 bearing intramuscularly growing @entity2 . The chemotherapy was given immediately after irradiation performed 9 days after inoculation of 10(5) @entity5 cells. The drugs were given in bolus injections either as single agents or concurrently. The therapeutic effect was assessed by recording the appearance of lung metastases on day 21 or the number of long-term survivors, i.e. animals alive at day 60. In the control group 21 +/- 3.4 (SD) macroscopic lung colonies was recorded on day 21. Mean survival time was 25.5 days with none of the @entity19 alive at day 60. The optimal abrin dose (612.5 ng/kg IV) reduced the number of lung metastases to 2.6 +/- 0.8 and yielded 37% long-term survivors (11/30). The optimal dose of @entity786 (150 mg/kg IP) reduced the number of lung colonies to less than 1 and yielded 61% survivors (14/23). Small to moderate doses of abrin significantly potentiated the therapeutic effect of @entity786 without increasing the @entity137 . The best results (18/20 or 90% long-term survivors) were obtained when the optimal dose of @entity786 , 150 mg/kg, was combined with 350 ng/kg of abrin. The results obtained in this highly resistant @entity5 suggest that combinations of the two drugs may be useful also in other @entity5 types.

title: Treatment of micrometastases from XXXX with abrin and @entity786 , given singly and in combination.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'primary tumor']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['Lewis lung carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['Lewis lung carcinoma']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity5 spillage from @entity1494 during transurethral @entity150 resection or cystectomy risks seeding the peritoneum with @entity1606 . We determined the lowest effective @entity1138 dose to prevent @entity5 implantation and the potential efficacy of delayed therapy. Additionally, we investigated the effect of @entity5 debulking combined with intraperitoneal @entity1138 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using our established @entity19 model of intraperitoneal @entity1606 implantation @entity1138 was instilled at decreasing concentrations to find the lowest effective dose. To evaluate the effectiveness of delayed therapy @entity1138 was administered on day 3 or 7 after @entity5 implantation. Finally, surgical debulking of established @entity5 with or without @entity1138 was performed. RESULTS: All control animals had disseminated @entity189 . The lowest effective intraperitoneal @entity1138 dose to prevent implantation was 0.3125 mg/m(2). Administration of @entity1138 on day 3 after instillation resulted in @entity5 -free status in 50% of the animals, although no @entity35 were @entity5 -free when treated on day 7. @entity5 debulking only for established disease cured 40% of the animals, whereas debulking combined with @entity1138 had a 100% cure rate. CONCLUSIONS: Intraperitoneal @entity1138 prevents @entity5 growth after @entity1606 implantation. Delayed therapy is not as effective as immediate treatment but cure is still possible, particularly when combined with surgical debulking, in a @entity35 model.

title: Prevention and treatment of transitional cell @entity189 with intraperitoneal chemotherapy in a XXXX model.

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bladder perforation']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1138 :: ('MESH:D016685', 'Chemical') :: ['mitomycin C']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomatosis']

entities_list: @entity1606 :: ('MESH:D002295', 'Disease') :: ['transitional cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder tumor']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: During contraction of the jaw-closing muscles, afferent input from the intraoral and perioral region can elicit two bilateral suppression periods ( @entity3419 and @entity11548 , respectively) in the masseter electromyogram (EMG). Non- @entity158 electrical stimulation 2 cm from the left labial commissure was used in the present study to evoke these trigeminal inhibitory reflexes. The subjects maintained a level of 50% of their maximum masseter EMG. The degree of suppression was quantified as the percentage suppression of the mean EMG activity in a fixed post-stimulus interval ( @entity11548 , 40-90 ms). Further, brief (200 ms) @entity158 radiant heat conditioning stimuli were delivered to the ipsilateral cheek, in order to investigate the influence of nociceptive input on the (non-nociceptive) trigeminal masseter inhibitory reflex. Nine different conditions combining radiant heat and electrical stimuli were used. Twelve stimuli were presented for each condition. The radiant heat preceded the electrical test stimuli by fixed inter-stimulus intervals (ISI), ranging from 100 ms to 500 ms. At 250-350 ms ISIs, the bilateral @entity11548 suppression was significantly reduced to less than 10%, in comparison to an average suppression degree of 32.5% without conditioning stimuli. The subjects perceived the heat stimulus before the electrical stimulus for a majority of the 12 pairs of stimuli at these ISIs. No differences were found in the VAS ratings for the different conditions. For the contralateral @entity3419 , larger suppression was seen for the 300 ms ISI compared with stimulation without conditioning heat stimuli. Onset and offset for the @entity3419 was, however, only detected in three subjects using a criteria of 20% suppression of the pre-stimulus activity. A pre-pulse inhibitory effect onto inter-neurons in the @entity11548 pathways or habituation of the same inter-neurons by the heat stimuli are suggested as possible explanations for the interaction between the non-nociceptive and nociceptive input in the present study.

title: Conditioning of the masseter inhibitory reflex by homotopically applied XXXX heat in humans.

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['painful']


abstract: PURPOSE: To report the response of @entity1940 to intravitreal ranibizumab or bevacizumab treatment in the setting of age-related @entity1020 with extensive pre-existing @entity989 . METHODS: This is a retrospective case series of 11 eyes in ten consecutive @entity1 retrieved from a photographic database. The @entity1 were treated with ranibizumab or bevacizumab for neovascular age-related @entity1020 with pre-existing @entity10691 . @entity1 were included if they had @entity10691 at or adjacent to the foveal center of at least 1 disc area in size that was present before the development of @entity1940 . The best corrected visual acuity and optical coherence tomography analysis of the central macular thickness were recorded for each visit. Serial injections of ranibizumab or bevacizumab were administered until there was complete resolution of subretinal fluid on optical coherence tomography. Data over the entire follow-up period were analyzed for overall visual and optical coherence tomography changes. RESULTS: The @entity1 received an average of 7    3 intravitreal injections over the treatment period. Seven of 11 eyes had reduced retinal thickening on optical coherence tomography. On average, the central macular thickness was reduced by 72    115   m. Six of these 7 eyes had improvement of one or more lines of vision and one had no change. The average acuity change for all @entity1 was -0.04    0.46 logMAR units, which corresponded to a gain of 0.2    4.4 lines of Snellen acuity. The treatment resulted in a good anatomic response with resolution of the subretinal fluid and overall stable visual acuity. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this case series suggest that the use of an intravitreal anti- @entity7 ( @entity7 ) agent (ranibizumab or bevacizumab) for @entity1940 in age-related @entity1020 with pre-existing @entity10691 is effective. Our results are not as striking as published results from large-scale trials of @entity7 therapy for subfoveal @entity1940 , presumably due to the limitation in the baseline visual acuity caused by the underlying @entity10691 . The favorable anatomic response with the resolution of subretinal fluid and stable acuity were consistent with other ranibizumab and bevacizumab studies.

title: Intravitreal ranibizumab and bevacizumab therapy for XXXX in age-related @entity1020 with extensive pre-existing @entity10691 .

entities_list: @entity1940 :: ('MESH:D020256', 'Disease') :: ['choroidal neovascularization']

entities_list: @entity10691 :: ('MESH:D057092', 'Disease') :: ['geographic atrophy']

entities_list: @entity7 :: ('7422', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor', 'VEGF', 'anti-vascular endothelial growth factor']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['geographic atrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium']

entities_list: @entity1020 :: ('MESH:D008268', 'Disease') :: ['macular degeneration']

answer: @entity1940 :: (MESH:D020256,Disease) :: ['choroidal neovascularization']


abstract: Survival rates determined at diagnosis are often too negative for @entity5 survivors. Conditional relative survival reflects actual prognosis during follow-up better. Data from all 54,015 @entity1 newly diagnosed in the Netherlands with @entity1892 during 1989-2008, aged 15-89 years (Netherlands Cancer Registry), were used. Five-year conditional relative survival was computed for every additional year of survival up to 16 years after diagnosis, according to entity, grade, gender, age, and Ann Arbor stage. The prognosis for survivors of indolent @entity1892 improved slightly with each additional year survived up to 91%. For @entity1 with aggressive @entity1893 conditional relative survival improved strongly during the first year after diagnosis (from 48% to 68%) and gradually thereafter to 93% after 16 years. There were differences between morphological entities. Initial differences in conditional relative survival at diagnosis between groups with different disease stages became smaller with increasing number of years survived. Age remained a prognostic indicator, also after prolonged follow-up. These results help caregivers to plan optimal surveillance and inform @entity1 about their actual prognosis during follow-up. Long-lasting excess mortality among @entity1 with @entity1892 indicates the need for additional care long after their diagnosis.

title: Actual prognosis during follow-up of survivors of XXXX in the Netherlands.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ['B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ['non-Hodgkin lymphoma']

answer: @entity1892 :: (MESH:D016393,Disease) :: ['B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: There are limited data regarding testing and treatment patterns for @entity1 presenting to the @entity341 ( @entity341 ) with a febrile @entity1576 . OBJECTIVES: The aims of the study were to evaluate the rates of diagnostic testing, antibiotic use, and @entity55 diagnosis among @entity1 presenting to an @entity341 with a febrile @entity1576 and to evaluate whether differences exist on the basis of care at a pediatric versus a general @entity341 . METHODS: Cross-sectional study of @entity1 presenting to an @entity341 with a febrile @entity1576 from 2001 to 2010 used the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey. Using extrapolated estimates from the weighted population sample, rates of laboratory and radiographic testing, antibiotic use, and @entity55 diagnosis were ascertained. Comparisons were made between @entity1 treated at a general versus pediatric @entity341 . A subpopulation of @entity1 undergoing chest radiograph was identified to target those with concern for radiographic @entity55 . RESULTS: Fifteen percent of the 12 million visits for febrile @entity1576 occurred in a pediatric @entity341 . Thirteen percent (95% confidence interval [CI], 11-15) of @entity1 had a complete blood count, 4% (95% CI, 3-5) had a blood culture, and 33% (95% CI, 30-35) had a chest radiograph obtained; no differences were observed on the basis of @entity341 type. Despite similar rates of @entity55 diagnosis, antibiotics were prescribed less often for @entity1 cared for in a pediatric (35% [95% CI, 30-41]) versus general @entity341 (50% [95% CI, 47-53]). Similar findings were observed among the subgroup of @entity1 with febrile @entity1576 undergoing chest radiograph. CONCLUSIONS: High rates of diagnostic testing were observed among @entity1 with febrile respiratory illnesses, despite low rates of @entity55 diagnosis. Antibiotic use was higher among @entity1 cared for at a general @entity341 compared with pediatric @entity341 .

title: Emergency Department Management of Febrile Respiratory Illness in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['emergency department', 'ED']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory illness']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Children']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to examine the expressions of the @entity588 , @entity589 , fas and @entity517 apoptosis-related genes in @entity1067 ( @entity1067 ) and @entity263 (CaP) to determine whether significant differences exist within each disease and between the two groups of @entity1 . The correlation between gene expression and @entity5 diameter, stage, Gleason score and serum PSA was also investigated. @entity1 AND METHODS: Tissue specimens from 51 cases of @entity1067 and 27 cases of CaP were examined for @entity588 , @entity589 , fas and @entity517 expression by reverse transcriptase-PCR (RT-PCR). RESULTS: In @entity1067 , @entity588 and @entity589 gave the weakest signals (p < 0.001). In CaP, @entity588 was the least expressed gene (p < 0.001). In both @entity1 groups, fas and @entity517 were the most highly expressed genes (p < 0.05). Both @entity588 and @entity589 were expressed at higher levels in CaP than in @entity1067 (p < 0.02). The @entity588 / @entity589 ratio was lower in CaP than in @entity1067 (p < 0.001). @entity588 was more highly expressed in high Gleason grade (> 7) @entity5 (p < 0.05). In the @entity1067 group, @entity589 showed a positive relationship with fas (p < 0.01), while the @entity588 level inversely correlated with that of @entity517 (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Our data showed that all the apoptosis-related genes were expressed in both @entity1067 and CaP. The stronger expression of @entity589 and the lower @entity588 / @entity589 ratio observed in CaP may suggest a pro-apoptotic stimulus, while the higher @entity588 levels appear to counterbalance the tendency to cell death.

title: Apoptosis-related gene expression in XXXX and @entity263 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity1067 :: ('MESH:D011470', 'Disease') :: ['benign prostatic hyperplasia', 'BPH']

answer: @entity1067 :: (MESH:D011470,Disease) :: ['benign prostatic hyperplasia']


abstract: The enzymatic activities and the cytochrome components of the respiratory chain were investigated with membrane fractions from chemoheterotrophically growth @entity16993 . Whereas the level of electron transfer carriers was not distinctly affected by a change of the culture conditions, the potential activities of the enzymes were clearly increased when the cells were grown aerobically. Reduced-minus oxidized difference spectra of the membrane fractions prepared from dark aerobically grown cells revealed the presence of three beta-types cytochromes b561, b560 and b558, and at least two c-type cytochromes c556 and c2 as electron carriers in the electron transfer chain. Cytochrome of a-type could not be detected in these membranes. Reduced plus CO minus reduced difference spectra of the membrane fractions were indicative of cytochrome o, which may be equivalent to cytochrome b560, appearing in substrate-reduced minus oxidized difference spectra. Cytochrome o was found to be the functional terminal oxidase. CO difference spectra of the high speed supernatant fraction indicated the presence of cytochrome c'. @entity4588 and @entity2125 reduced the same types of cytochromes. However, a considerable amount of cytochrome b561 with associated beta and gamma bands at 531 and 429 nm, respectively, was reducible by @entity4588 , but not by @entity2125 . A substantial fraction of the membrane-bound b-type cytochrome was non-substrate reducible and was found in @entity6857 -reduced minus substrate-reduced spectra. Cytochrome c2 may be localized in a branch of the electron transport system, with the branch-point at the level of @entity12931 . The separate pathways rejoined at a common terminal oxidase. Two terminal oxidases with different KCN sensitivity were present in the respiratory chain, one of which was sensitive to low concentrations of KCN and was connected with the cytochrome chain. The other terminal oxidase which was inhibited only by high concentrations of @entity3789 was located in a branched pathway, through which the electrons could flow from @entity12931 to @entity26 bypassing the cytochrome chain.

title: The respiratory electron transport system of heterotrophically-grown XXXX .

entities_list: @entity12931 :: ('MESH:D014451', 'Chemical') :: ['ubiquinone']

entities_list: @entity16993 :: ('1076', 'Species') :: ['Rhodopseudomonas palustris']

entities_list: @entity4588 :: ('MESH:D019802', 'Chemical') :: ['succinate', 'Succinate']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity3789 :: ('CHEBI:17514', 'Chemical') :: ['cyanide']

entities_list: @entity6857 :: ('MESH:D004227', 'Chemical') :: ['dithionite']

answer: @entity16993 :: (1076,Species) :: ['Rhodopseudomonas palustris']


abstract: Pericapillary fibrin cuffs have been shown in @entity1 with @entity4096 . It has been suggested that this fibrin deposition is responsible for an @entity26 diffusion block, leading to local @entity519 and resulting in @entity1066 . Fibrinolysis is depressed in @entity1 with @entity4096 and therefore pharmacological enhancement of this factor might be expected to produce clinical improvement in this condition. Sixty @entity1 with lipodermatoscelerosis were entered into a prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial. @entity27620 5 mg or a placebo tablet was given twice daily for 6 months. All @entity1 were supplied with below knee German/Swiss specification class 2 graduated compression stockings. The area of @entity4165 was measured at monthly intervals and transcutaneous @entity26 tension within the liposclerotic area was measured at 3-monthly intervals. The control group showed a mean reduction in area of @entity4165 of 14% (95% c.i.: -2.6-31%) compared with a 28% reduction in area in the active treatment group (95% c.i.: 5.3-46%). Transcutaneous @entity26 measurements showed no change in either group. Side effects were significantly more common in the active treatment group (P less than 0.02, Chi-squared). Although fibrinolytic enhancement caused a reduction in area of @entity4165 , no evidence of any effect on a possible @entity26 diffusion block was indicated.

title: Efficacy of fibrinolytic enhancement with XXXX in the treatment of @entity4096 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulceration']

entities_list: @entity4165 :: ('MESH:C537026', 'Disease') :: ['lipodermatosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity27620 :: ('MESH:D013197', 'Chemical') :: ['Stanozolol']

entities_list: @entity4096 :: ('MESH:D014689', 'Disease') :: ['chronic venous insufficiency', 'venous insufficiency']

answer: @entity27620 :: (MESH:D013197,Chemical) :: ['stanozolol']


abstract: @entity463 ( @entity463 ) is a highly malignant @entity1313 with a dismal prognosis. Gene expression profiling of @entity463 has revealed clinically relevant @entity5 subtypes, and this provides exciting opportunities to better understand disease pathogenesis. Results from an increasing number of studies demonstrate a role for the immune response in @entity5 progression, yet it is unclear how the immune response differs across @entity5 subtypes and how it affects outcome. Utilizing gene expression data from The Cancer Genome Atlas Project and the Gene Expression Omnibus database, we demonstrate an enrichment of immune response-related gene expression in the mesenchymal subtype of adult @entity463 (n = 173) and pediatric high-grade @entity11 (n = 53). In an independent cohort of pediatric @entity816 (n = 24) from UCSF, we stratified @entity5 into subtypes and confirmed these findings. Using novel immune cell-specific gene signatures we demonstrate selective enrichment of microglia/macrophage-related genes in adult and pediatric @entity5 of the mesenchymal subtype. Furthermore, immunostaining of adult @entity5 showed significantly higher cell numbers of microglia/macrophages in mesenchymal versus non-mesenchymal @entity5 (p = 0.04). Interestingly, adult @entity5 with the shortest survival had significant enrichment of microglia/macrophage-related genes but this was not true for pediatric GBMs. Consistent with an association with poor outcome, immune response-related genes were highly represented in an adult poor prognosis gene signature, with the expression of genes related to macrophage recruitment and activation being most strongly associated with survival (p<0.05) using CoxBoost multivariate modeling. Using a microglia/macrophage high gene signature derived from quantification of @entity5 -infiltrating cells in adult @entity463 , we identified enrichment of genes characteristic of @entity404 T cells, granulocytes, and microglia/macrophages (n = 573). These studies support a role for the immune response, particularly the microglia/macrophage response, in the biology of an important subset of @entity463 . Identification of this subset may be important for future therapeutic stratification.

title: Increased microglia/macrophage gene expression in a subset of adult and pediatric XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['brain tumor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors', 'GBM tumors', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['gliomas']

entities_list: @entity816 :: ('MESH:D001254', 'Disease') :: ['astrocytomas']

entities_list: @entity463 :: ('MESH:D005909', 'Disease') :: ['GBM', 'Glioblastoma']

answer: @entity816 :: (MESH:D001254,Disease) :: ['astrocytomas']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity1211 ( @entity1211 ) is a common complication of @entity131 ( @entity131 ) with an estimated incidence of 25% when chemoprophylaxis is delayed. The timing of initiating prophylaxis is controversial given the concern for @entity548 expansion. The objective of this study was to determine the safety of initiating @entity1211 in @entity1 with @entity131 within 24 hours of presentation. METHODS: We performed a retrospective analysis of a prospectively maintained database for all @entity1 with @entity932 presenting to a level I @entity130 center between July 2011 and September 2013. @entity1 receiving early chemoprophylaxis (<24 hours) were compared with the matched cohort of @entity1 who received heparin in a delayed fashion (>48 hours). The primary outcome of the study was radiographic expansion of the @entity932 . Secondary outcomes included @entity1211 , use of intracranial pressure monitoring, delayed decompressive surgery for refractory @entity428 , and all-cause mortality. RESULTS: Of the 282 @entity1 in our study, 94 (33%) received chemoprophylaxis within 24 hours of admission. The cohorts were evenly matched across all variables. The primary outcome occurred in 18% of @entity1 in the early cohort compared with 17% in the delayed cohort (P = .83). Fifteen @entity1 (16%) in the early cohort underwent an invasive procedure in a delayed fashion. This compares to 35 @entity1 (19%) in the delayed cohort (P = .38). Five @entity1 (1.7%) in our study had a @entity1211 event (ie, @entity1150 or @entity1151 ) during their hospitalization. Two of these @entity1 received early chemoprophylaxis (P = .75). The rate of mortality from all causes was similar in both groups (4.1% vs 3.7%, P = .83). CONCLUSION: Early (<24 hours) initiation of @entity1211 in @entity1 with @entity932 appears to be safe. Further prospective studies are needed to validate this finding.

title: 180   Early @entity1150 Chemoprophylaxis in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['TBI', 'traumatic brain injury']

entities_list: @entity932 :: ('MESH:D020300', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial hemorrhage', 'traumatic intracranial hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity428 :: ('MESH:D019586', 'Disease') :: ['elevated intracranial pressure']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary embolism']

entities_list: @entity1150 :: ('MESH:D020246', 'Disease') :: ['deep vein thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['Venous thromboembolism', 'VTE chemoprophylaxis', 'VTE']

answer: @entity131 :: (MESH:D001930,Disease) :: ['Traumatic Brain Injury']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: @entity1311 ( @entity4045 ) is one of the most effective anti- @entity5 drugs. However, multiple drug resistance is still the main factor that hinders the effective treatment of @entity5 with @entity4045 . Several factors including @entity13806 over-expression can cause @entity4045 resistance. In this study, we aimed to verify the role @entity13806 plays in @entity4045 resistance, explore the reversal of @entity4045 resistance by @entity4936 ( @entity32303 ) and investigate the effect of combination therapy of @entity4045 and @entity32303 on the @entity4045 resistant @entity694 cells ( @entity1619 ). METHODS: To study the relationship between @entity13806 and @entity4045 resistance, a stable @entity13806 -over-expression or @entity13806 silencing cell line was generated by transfected with @entity13806 -plasmids or siYAP-RNA. WST-1 assay was performed to detect the @entity137 of @entity4045 on HCT-8 and @entity1619 cells. Clone formation assay and Transwell assay was preformed to determine the cell proliferation and invasion ability respectively. Immunofluorescence and Western blot analysis was performed for protein detection. RESULTS: @entity13806 was stronger expressed in @entity1619 than in HCT-8, and @entity4045 resistance was positively correlated with the level of @entity13806 expression. @entity32303 , a strongly @entity13806 inhibitor, could reduce the @entity4045 resistance on @entity1619 cells without light activation by inhibiting @entity13806 . Beside, @entity32303 and @entity4045 combination therapy showed synergism on inhibition of @entity13806 and @entity137 to @entity1619 . Moreover, @entity4936 and @entity4045 combination therapy affect the invasion and colony formation ability and induce apoptosis of @entity1619 cells. CONCLUSIONS: @entity32303 can reverse the @entity4045 resistance induced by @entity13806 over-expression in @entity1619 cells without photoactivation through inhibiting @entity13806 expression.

title: @entity4936 can Reverse the @entity1311 Resistance Induced by @entity13806 Over-Expression in XXXX Cells without Photoactivation through Inhibiting @entity13806 Expression.

entities_list: @entity4936 :: ('MESH:C098350', 'Chemical') :: ['verteporfin']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['Paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon cancer']

answer: @entity1619 :: (MESH:D015458,Disease) :: ['HCT-8/T']


abstract: @entity442 binding sites were characterized in @entity1 @entity1558 . We demonstrated the presence of one high affinity binding site. Chemical cross-linking of [125I] @entity442 to @entity1558 membranes in reducing condition and @entity3208 - @entity2975 gel electrophoresis ( @entity214 -PAGE) revealed one band with an apparent Mr of 130,000. The specificity of the binding was studied: @entity5100 was a good competitor whereas insulin competed for binding with a potency lower than 1/100 that of @entity442 . This @entity442 binding corresponded to the previously described type I IGF receptor ( @entity2856 ). @entity2856 was assayed in 35 cases of @entity1558 and two samples of normal breast tissue. Forty-three per cent of the lesions were @entity2856 positive. The mean geometric level of specific binding was 1.98% in the whole population, it was significantly lower in @entity26270 (1.55%) than in @entity2543 (2.5%); it was 2% in @entity3986 . @entity2856 was undetectable in normal tissue. Considering our previous results showing that almost all the @entity0 contained @entity2856 , these data suggest that the increase in @entity2856 could be a marker of @entity5 development.

title: Presence and characterization of @entity442 receptors in @entity1 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancers']

entities_list: @entity3208 :: ('MESH:D012967', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium dodecyl sulfate']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant tumor']

entities_list: @entity3986 :: ('MESH:D009136', 'Disease') :: ['dystrophic disease']

entities_list: @entity442 :: ('3479', 'Gene') :: ['Insulin-like growth factor 1', 'IGF1']

entities_list: @entity2975 :: ('CHEBI:51135', 'Chemical') :: ['polyacrylamide']

entities_list: @entity2543 :: ('MESH:D017573', 'Disease') :: ['epithelial hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity26270 :: ('MESH:D000232', 'Disease') :: ['adenofibromas']

entities_list: @entity1558 :: ('MESH:D001941', 'Disease') :: ['benign breast disease']

answer: @entity1558 :: (MESH:D001941,Disease) :: ['benign breast disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Open @entity764 with seawater immersion can lead systematic inflammatory response and @entity881 ( @entity881 ). Early intervention of seawater immersion significantly decreases mortality. This study aims to explore the curative effect of @entity456 in the treatment of open @entity764 caused by seawater immersion on @entity235 . DESIGN AND SETTINGS: An in vivo experimental study was performed in healthy cross-breeding adult @entity235 (n=20). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A @entity235 model of open @entity764 caused by seawater immersion was established. All experimental @entity235 were divided into control group and @entity456 group, with 10 @entity235 in each group. In the control group, @entity235 were performed ventilator-assisted breathing, and thoracic tube was kept open for adequate chest water drainage; in the @entity456 group, @entity235 were further injected with 0.9% @entity2827 (35 mL/kg) immediately into the right side of the chest after the @entity1143 was drained off. The internal environment, @entity26 partial pressure, and pathological changes of the lung tissue were observed and recorded. RESULTS: Following open @entity764 caused by seawater immersion, both groups showed obviously increased serum @entity1372 and plasma osmolality and sharply decreased @entity26 partial pressure. After treatment, the serum @entity1372 and plasma osmolality decreased, whereas @entity26 partial pressure increased in both groups. The @entity456 group showed better improvement than the conventional treatment group. The pathological changes in the pleural group were lighter than in the conventional treatment group. CONCLUSION: Compared with conventional treatment, repeated @entity456 shows improved treatment in the correction of blood @entity4372 state and @entity519 in seawater-immersed open @entity764 .

title: Curative effect of XXXX on open @entity764 caused by seawater immersion.

entities_list: @entity1143 :: ('MESH:D010996', 'Disease') :: ['pleural effusion']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxemia']

entities_list: @entity764 :: ('MESH:D013898', 'Disease') :: ['chest trauma']

entities_list: @entity881 :: ('MESH:D009102', 'Disease') :: ['multiple organ dysfunction syndromes', 'MODS']

entities_list: @entity4372 :: ('MESH:D009122', 'Disease') :: ['hypertonic']

entities_list: @entity2827 :: ('MESH:D012965', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium chloride']

entities_list: @entity456 :: ('MESH:D010995', 'Disease') :: ['pleural lavage']

answer: @entity456 :: (MESH:D010995,Disease) :: ['pleural lavage']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To compare, the post @entity583 in- @entity1 outcome after thrombolytic therapy in @entity6 and non @entity6 , in a South Asian population. METHODS: This was a prospective cross sectional study done at the Punjab Institute of Cardiology, Lahore from January to July 2009. Consecutive @entity1 with ST elevation @entity583 , who were not treated with primary angioplasty but were thrombolysed were recruited at the time of arrival in the emergency department. Streptokinase was administered to all @entity1 as the agent for thrombolysis. ECG was taken at baseline and at 60 minutes post streptokinase administration. @entity1 were subsequently divided into two groups: (A) Non Diabetics, (B) Diabetics. This cohort was followed up through the in hospital stay for major complications which were recurrent ischaemic @entity662 , @entity712 , @entity943 and @entity204 . RESULTS: A total of 182 @entity1 were included in the study, 146 males and 36 females. In non @entity6 group, ST segment resolution occurred in 74 (84%) out of 88 @entity1 and in @entity6 , 13 (13.8%) out of 94 @entity1 . In non @entity6 , complications developed in 29 (32.9%) out of 88 @entity1 and in @entity6 , 75 (79.8%) out of 94 @entity1 (p < 0.001). @entity6 with incorporate ST resolution compared to complete resolution were found to have more in hospital complications such as: recurrent @entity662 (71.6% vs 23%, p < 0.0001), @entity712 (39.5% vs 15.3%, p = 0.0007), @entity943 (59.2% vs 15.3%, p < 0.0001), mortality (7.4% vs 0%, p = 0.0082). A similar trend was observed in non @entity6 : recurrent @entity662 (57.1% vs 17.5%, p < 0.0001), @entity712 (42.8% vs 14.8%, p = 0.0002) and @entity943 (50% vs 12.1%, p < 0.0001). Significant interaction was seen between @entity6 status and ST segment resolution with respect to clinical outcome (recurrent @entity662 p < 0.0001, @entity712 p = 0.025, @entity943 p < 0.0001, and @entity204 p = 0.014). CONCLUSION: Diabetics with @entity583 ( @entity583 ) encounter more adverse clinical outcome as predicted by incomplete ST resolution after thromboysis.

title: Predicting clinical outcome in @entity6 vs. non @entity6 with acute XXXX after thrombolysis, using ECG as a tool.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['chest pain']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetes', 'diabetics', 'diabetic']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['Acute Myocardial Infarction', 'AMI', 'myocardial infarction', 'Myocardial Infarction']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmias']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarction']


abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of diminished mean tryptic activity (MTA) in duodenal juice of @entity1 with @entity2210 following injection of a Lundh test meal. Two separate studies were undertaken. The first examined a consecutive group of 100 @entity1 with suspected @entity660 referred over a period of 2 yr. In these @entity1 , receiver-operating-characteristic analysis was used to determine the point of best discrimination, which occurred at 7 microEq/mL/min when non- @entity660 @entity1 were compared with those with chronic @entity788 or @entity788 . The second study involved 22 @entity1 with endoscopically confirmed @entity2210 . The MTA for the @entity1 with @entity2210 did not differ from 17 healthy controls, but a further 16 @entity660 control @entity1 had significantly decreased values (p less than 0.01). Six @entity1 with @entity2210 (27%) had an MTA of 7 microEq/min/mL or less, indicating @entity73 , which was more frequent than in healthy controls (p = 0.02). These six @entity1 had significantly different symptoms, being more likely to have @entity158 radiating through to the back (p = 0.017) and @entity158 waking them from sleep (p = 0.002), and less likely to have @entity158 (p = 0.045). It was of interest that the @entity167 intake was not greater in these six @entity1 . It is concluded that @entity660 may explain the symptoms of some @entity1 with @entity2210 .

title: Exocrine pancreatic function and chronic XXXX . A case-control study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis', 'pancreatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['impaired pancreatic function']

entities_list: @entity660 :: ('MESH:D010182', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic disease']

entities_list: @entity2210 :: ('MESH:D004415', 'Disease') :: ['unexplained dyspepsia', 'nonulcer dyspepsia']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['postprandial pain', 'pain']

answer: @entity2210 :: (MESH:D004415,Disease) :: ['unexplained dyspepsia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The Social Health Clinic at the National Center for @entity16090 / @entity791 , Dermatology _ @entity2953 (SHC-NCHADS) in Phnom Penh is a major provider of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Cambodia. However, @entity1 access to viral load monitoring is uncommon. We conducted a cross-sectional evaluation of @entity16090 viral load in SHC-NCHADS @entity1 on ART to determine the proportion experiencing virological failure and to identify factors associated with virological failure in this population. METHODS: @entity1 who had been using their current first- or second-line ART regimen for >= 6 months were eligible. Virological failure was defined as a viral load >1,000 copies/ml, @entity204 , lost-to-follow-up or the absence of viral load testing despite presenting for care. Factors associated with virological failure were evaluated using logistic regression. RESULTS: Overall, 463 @entity1 (53.1% male, median age 42.1 years) were included in the investigation. At the time of current regimen initiation, median @entity404 (+) T-cell count was 101 cells/mm(3) and 89.0% of @entity1 had experienced a WHO stage III/IV event. At the time of testing/last clinic visit, 28 (6.0%) @entity1 met our definition of virological failure. Median viral load among those failing was 9,633 copies/ml. Shorter time on current ART regimen, low @entity404 (+) T-cell count at the time of viral load testing/last clinic visit and a record of suboptimal adherence were the strongest predictors of virological failure. CONCLUSIONS: This work demonstrates the high rate of viral suppression being achieved by the treatment programme at SHC-NCHADS and the need for future work to phase-in routine viral load monitoring in Cambodia.

title: @entity16090 viral suppression in TREAT Asia @entity16090 Observational Database enrolled adults on antiretroviral therapy at the Social Health Clinic, the National Center for XXXX / @entity791 , Dermatology _ @entity2953 , Phnom Penh, Cambodia.

answer: @entity16090 :: (11709,Species) :: ['HIV']


abstract: Of 572 @entity1 with @entity263 , 497 received endocrine therapy as the initial treatment. These @entity1 were surveyed in a cooperative research study by members from five universities. Prognosis, causes of @entity204 and side effects of @entity172 therapy were studied. The prognosis of @entity1 who had received endocrine therapy became worse, as the stage progressed. The prognosis of those who had received a combination of @entity172 therapy with castration tended to be better than that of those who had received @entity172 therapy alone. Similarly, the prognosis of those who had received a combination of @entity1420 therapy with castration tended to be better than that of those who had had @entity1420 therapy alone. No relationship was found between @entity172 doses (low, medium and high) and prognosis, although a precise comparison among the three could not be made because of the smaller number of patents with low doses. A high dose of @entity172 may not always be the indication, rather a medium dose such as 300 mg @entity18830 may be clinically appropriate. The cause of @entity204 could be identified in 303 @entity1 who had received endocrine therapy. @entity5 was the most frequent (63.7%), and cardio- or @entity204 accounted for only 14.2% of the cases. When this analysis was confined to the @entity1 who had received @entity172 therapy, @entity172 administration seemed to be the cause of cardio- or @entity204 of 16.1% of the @entity1 . Daily dosing of @entity172 was not definitely related to the incidence, or the interval to cardio- or @entity204 . However, among the @entity1 who had died of cardio- or @entity66 , 50% of the @entity1 who had received a medium or high dose of @entity172 tended to die within two years after treatment, while 50% of those who had received a low dose died within three years.

title: [Clinical studies on endocrine therapy of @entity263 (2): Prognosis of @entity1 with @entity263 given endocrine therapy, and analyses of causes of XXXX and side effects of endocrine therapy].

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostatic carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['cerebrovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cancer-related death']

entities_list: @entity18830 :: ('MESH:C004955', 'Chemical') :: ['diethylstilbestrol diphosphate']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['cerebrovascular death', 'death']

answer: @entity204 :: (MESH:D003643,Disease) :: ['death']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of @entity13630 ( @entity25922 ), @entity25922 positive cells in the Corti's organ with acute @entity2172 in @entity840 using the polyclonal antibody of @entity25922 . METHODS: Twelve healthy @entity840 were employed in the experiment. After general anesthesia, by injecting 1 x 10(8)/L staphylococcosis aureus into the middle cavity of right ear with the left ear serving as control, the acute @entity2172 model was established. Then three days later, immunohistochemical staining of @entity25922 was performed in the Cochlear base membrane preparation. RESULTS: Microscopic examination of whole cochlear preparation revealed a number of @entity25922 positive cells expression in the cochlear base membrane, these labeled cells usually did not exist in normal cochlear tissue. Obvious difference in morphology and distribution could be identified with inner hair cells, outer hair cells vascular endothelial cell and spiral ganglion neurons. Labeled SP receptor positive cells were similar to "neurons", scattering distributed in the free margin of cochlear base membrane, with larger size and multiple projections which was 6-12 times than the erythrocyte. There were the vesicle and granular substances in the cytoplasm of the labeled cells. CONCLUSIONS: Acute @entity2172 could induce the expression of SP receptor positive nonspecific cells in the Corti's organ of @entity840 . These cells did not exist in the normal base membrane and might participate in initiating or inducing the immune response of inner ear.

title: [Expression of XXXX positive cells in the Corti's organ with acute @entity2172 in @entity840 ].

entities_list: @entity2172 :: ('MESH:D010033', 'Disease') :: ['middle ear infection']

answer: @entity13630 :: (100135626(Tax:10141),Gene) :: ['substance P receptor']


abstract: @entity2783 ( @entity2783 ) may result in @entity548 and @entity73 . It was previously shown that @entity641 ( @entity641 ) expression under an astrocyte promoter resulted in @entity455 and vascular pathology. A reduction in @entity22441 ( @entity22441 ) activity was previously suggested to play a role in the accumulation of @entity455 in the microvasculature of @entity195 ( @entity195 ) cases. Here, we aim to investigate the link between @entity641 and @entity22441 activity in the development of @entity2783 . We found that @entity641 can reduce @entity22441 expression in a @entity19 brain endothelial cell line (ECs). Furthermore, we discovered that @entity22441 activity in the brains of @entity641 transgenic (Tg) @entity19 was significantly reduced compared with that of the control @entity19 in an age-dependent manner. In addition, @entity641 / @entity22441 (-/-) @entity19 showed significantly greater levels of cerebrovascular pathology compared with @entity641 @entity19 . We have previously shown that 16-month-old @entity641 @entity19 have a significant reduction in @entity25242 protein levels, which may lead to @entity73 . Here we discovered a significant reduction in @entity25242 protein already at the age of seven in the hippocampus of @entity641 / @entity22441 (-/-) @entity19 compared with @entity641 @entity19 . Further investigation of @entity641 -mediated @entity22441 activity in ECs may provide useful therapeutic intervention targets for @entity66 such as @entity2783 .

title: @entity22441 deficiency accelerates XXXX in an animal model.

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['congophilic vascular deposits']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['cerebrovascular diseases']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['intraparenchymal bleeding']

entities_list: @entity2783 :: ('MESH:D000686', 'Disease') :: ['CA', 'Cerebrovascular amyloidosis']

entities_list: @entity641 :: ('21803(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['TGF-b1', 'transforming growth factor-b1']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['AD', "Alzheimer's disease"]

entities_list: @entity22441 :: ('15925(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['IDE', 'insulin-degrading enzyme']

answer: @entity2783 :: (MESH:D000686,Disease) :: ['cerebrovascular amyloidosis']


abstract: One of the most important clinical aspects of the @entity9930 is the high incidence of @entity943 . Some recent reports on the association of @entity3454 with @entity3153 may be relevant to the understanding of such @entity943 . In order to evaluate the clinical relevance of this association, all @entity1 with proven idiopathic @entity3454 who came under our observation during the last twelve months, were submitted to careful electrocardiographic examination with the aim of detecting even subtle degrees of @entity3155 . His bundle recording and programmed atrial stimulation were performed if there was any suspicion of a delta wave. The association with @entity3153 was proved in 6 out of 41 examined cases. The main clinical, phonocardiographic, echocardiographic, angiographic and electrophysiologic data, as well as the familial study of these cases, are presented. The need for electrophysiologic study in some cases with doubtful electrocardiographic pattern is pointed out. While previous reports only described cases with left-sided accessory pathways, examples of right-sided pathways are presented in our series. The high incidence of @entity3454 , and especially of @entity3155 and @entity943 in the familial study, suggests that the association is not an occasional one. The detection of @entity3153 in cases of @entity3454 complicated by recurrent tachy- @entity943 may be of practical importance for an appropriate therapeutic approach.

title: [ @entity3454 and the XXXX (author's transl)].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3155 :: ('MESH:D011226', 'Disease') :: ['pre-excitation syndrome', 'pre-excitation']

entities_list: @entity3454 :: ('MESH:D008945', 'Disease') :: ['mitral valve prolapse']

entities_list: @entity9930 :: ('MESH:D054971', 'Disease') :: ['mitral valve prolapse syndrome']

entities_list: @entity3153 :: ('MESH:D014927', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular pre-excitation']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmias']

answer: @entity3153 :: (MESH:D014927,Disease) :: ['ventricular pre-excitation syndrome']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Survival after surgery for @entity1086 is generally poor. A number of @entity32 -based prognostic scores have been established to help predict survival after surgery for several types of @entity5 . The objective of this study was to analyze and compare the utility of two @entity32 -based prognostic scores, the @entity18880 ( @entity18880 ) and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), for predicting survival in @entity1 with @entity1086 after surgery with curative intent. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 85 @entity1 with histologically confirmed, resectable @entity1086 ( @entity1086 ), who were to receive curative surgery in our department. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to evaluate the relationship between the variables to @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ). RESULTS: A significant difference was detected in @entity1349 in @entity1 with low and high @entity18880 and NLR scores. Univariate analyses using clinicopathological characteristics revealed that @entity5 differentiation; @entity5 invasion; lymph node @entity3 ; @entity5 , node, @entity3 classification system stage; positive margin status; combined common bile duct resection; serum levels of C-reactive protein, albumin, @entity1735 antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), carcinoembryonic antigen, and @entity10224 ; white blood cell count; and @entity18880 and NLR were all associated with @entity1349 . Among these characteristics, multivariate analysis demonstrated that a high @entity18880 was independently associated with poorer @entity1349 , together with @entity5 invasion, lymph node @entity3 , and positive margin status. CONCLUSIONS: @entity18880 is superior to NLR with respect to its prognostic value for @entity1 with @entity1086 after surgery with curative intent. @entity18880 is not only associated with @entity5 progression but is also an independent marker of poor prognosis.

title: Evaluation of two @entity32 -based prognostic scores in @entity1 with resectable XXXX .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity18880 :: ('MESH:C536506', 'Disease') :: ['Glasgow prognostic score', 'GPS']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity1086 :: ('MESH:D005706', 'Disease') :: ['gallbladder cancer', 'GBC', 'gallbladder carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity1086 :: (MESH:D005706,Disease) :: ['gallbladder carcinoma']


abstract: After consumption of mushrooms containing amatoxins (Amanita, Lepiota, and Galerina species), symptoms usually develop after a long delay (>6 h). Initial symptoms start as severe @entity1902 , progressing to @entity1578 and possibly @entity204 as a result of @entity5693 . Since the survival rate of poisoned @entity1 is claimed to depend on the time of beginning of efficient treatment, fast and reliable assays for amatoxins in biological fluids are essential. Described analytical methods for amatoxins include high performance liquid chromatography and radioimmunoassay (RIA). Recently, a new enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (B  hlmann Amanitin ELISA kit) has been introduced as an alternative method to RIA. This ELISA-based assay offers several advantages: no complex extraction procedure is required (vs. HPLC) and no safety precautions concerning radioactivity have to be taken (vs. RIA). From August 2004 to October 2005, a pilot study was performed to test the practicability and the clinical utility of this method in emergency situations. RESULTS: ten urines, 9 serums and 1 faeces from 10 @entity1 suffering from @entity697 after mushroom ingestions (7 contaminated meals) were analyzed. Definitive diagnosis of @entity36129 @entity4968 was made in 4 cases (3 contaminated meals) on the basis of the anamnesis, laboratory results, and clinical course. A @entity1 developed a severe amatoxin @entity4968 with urinary @entity36130 level < 1.5 microg/L (urines were collected more than 72 h after mushroom ingestion). Two @entity1 were paucisymptomatic with urinary @entity36130 levels >10 microg/L (urines were collected before the 36th hour). CONCLUSION: Urine is the sample of choice for the determination of amatoxins. The most critical factor to invalidate the usefulness of this analysis is time. After 36 h, the sensitivity is unreliable.

title: [Phalloidin syndrome: role of Elisa-based assay for the detection of alpha- and gamma- XXXX in urine. Preliminary results].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute gastroenteritis']

entities_list: @entity5693 :: ('MESH:D006501', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic coma']

entities_list: @entity1902 :: ('MESH:D005759', 'Disease') :: ['gastroenteritis']

entities_list: @entity4968 :: ('MESH:D011041', 'Disease') :: ['poisoning']

entities_list: @entity1578 :: ('MESH:D017093', 'Disease') :: ['liver failure']

entities_list: @entity36130 :: ('MESH:D000546', 'Chemical') :: ['amanitins']

answer: @entity36130 :: (MESH:D000546,Chemical) :: ['amanitins']


abstract: Therapeutic efficacy of an "Indigenous vaccine" has been evaluated with respect to a commercial vaccine (Gudair, Spain), for the control of clinical @entity3068 ( @entity3068 ) in naturally infected goatherds. Seventy-one @entity1237 ( @entity3068 positive) were randomly divided into 3 groups ("Bison", "Gudair" and "Sham-immunized"). After vaccination, @entity1237 were monitored for physical condition, morbidity, mortality, body weights, shedding of M. @entity3068 (MAP) in feces, internal condition and lesions, as well as humoral and cell-mediated immune responses for 210 days. Study showed marked overall improvement in physical condition of vaccinated @entity1237 and average body weight gain was significantly higher (P < .05) in "Bison" group as compared to "Sham-immunized" @entity1237 . Mortality due to @entity3068 was significantly (P < .05) lower in vaccinated groups than in "sham-immunized". Morbidity rates (due to @entity294 and @entity425 ) were lower in "Bison" group as compared to other groups. Died @entity1237 from vaccinated groups showed regression of gross @entity3068 lesions and regeneration of fat layer around visceral organs while "Sham-immunized" @entity1237 exhibited @entity75 . Vaccinated @entity1237 had higher protective CMI response and also higher antibody titer for the trial period as compared to "Sham immunized". Both vaccines also reduced shedding of MAP in feces significantly (P < .05). Though the two vaccines effectively restricted the severity of clinical symptoms of @entity3068 , however "Indigenous vaccine" was superior in many respects.

title: Therapeutic Effects of a New "Indigenous Vaccine" Developed Using Novel Native "Indian Bison Type" Genotype of Mycobacterium avium Subspecies XXXX for the Control of Clinical Johne's Disease in Naturally Infected Goatherds in India.

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['frank lesions']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['weakness']

entities_list: @entity3068 :: ('MESH:D010283', 'Disease') :: ['paratuberculosis', 'JD', "Johne's disease"]

answer: @entity3068 :: (MESH:D010283,Disease) :: ['paratuberculosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Despite national attention, there is little evidence that the quality of @entity341 ( @entity341 ) @entity158 management is improving. OBJECTIVES: To compare the quality of @entity158 management before and after implementation of the Joint Commission on the Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations' standards in 2001. METHODS: The authors performed a retrospective cohort study by using the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey from 1998-2003. @entity1 who presented to the @entity341 with a long bone @entity174 (femur, humerus, tibia, fibula, radius, or ulna) were compared. The authors extracted data on @entity1 , visit, and hospital characteristics. The primary outcomes were the proportion of @entity1 who received assessment of @entity158 severity and who received analgesic treatment. RESULTS: There were 2,064 @entity1 with a qualifying @entity174 in the study period, 834 from 1998-2000 and 1,230 from 2001-2003. Compared with the early period, a higher proportion of @entity1 in the late period had their @entity158 assessed (74% vs. 57%), received opiates (56% vs. 50%), and received any analgesic (76% vs. 56%). @entity1 in the late period had higher odds of receiving any @entity1337 (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 1.43) and opioid @entity1337 (adjusted OR, 1.27) compared with the early period. @entity1 in the middle age group (adjusted OR, 2.28) or those seen by physician assistants (adjusted OR, 2.05) were more likely, whereas those with Medicaid (adjusted OR, 0.58) and those in the Northeast were less likely, to receive opiates. CONCLUSIONS: Although the quality of @entity158 management for acute @entity174 appears to be improving, there is still room for further improvement.

title: The national trend in quality of @entity341 XXXX management for long @entity174 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'fracture']

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['emergency department', 'ED']

entities_list: @entity1337 :: ('MESH:D000699', 'Disease') :: ['analgesia']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: The effect of @entity221 on radiation @entity105 was investigated in the C3Hf/Sed @entity19 foot. The foot was irradiated under @entity519 conditions, in air, or under hyperbaric @entity26 conditions to evaluate the @entity26 effect. @entity221 at 43.5 degrees C for 45 min was given by immersing the animal foot into a constant temperature water bath. A @entity5 in the irradiated foot was first observed congruent to 250 days after irradiation. Tumors developed in the irradiated area until day 850. RCD50, or 50% radiation @entity105 dose was the endpoint and was calculated based on the @entity5 incidence 650 days after irradiation. RCD50 following radiation given alone under @entity519 conditions was 66.3 (60.0-73.2) Gy, and the @entity26 enhancement ratio ( @entity519 /hyperbaric @entity26 ) was 3.0 (2.5-3.5). @entity105 was enhanced by @entity221 given with a 20 min treatment interval with no significant alteration in the @entity26 effect. Thermal enhancement was greatest when @entity221 was given 20 min prior to irradiation (2.5 [2.2-2.9] under @entity519 ). No thermal enhancement was observed when two treatments were given with a treatment interval of 2 days. The median time to develop a @entity5 decreased with increasing radiation dose. This median time was shorter following combined @entity221 and irradiation (423 days) than following radiation alone (504 days). Histological studies revealed that more than 80% of @entity5 were soft tissue @entity242 , and the most common @entity5 was @entity1492 . @entity957 was found in 7% of all @entity5 .

title: The effect of @entity221 on the early- and late-appearing @entity19 foot reactions and on radiation XXXX : Part II. Effect on radiation @entity105 (thermal enhancement and @entity26 enhancement).

entities_list: @entity242 :: ('MESH:D012509', 'Disease') :: ['sarcomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'malignant tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['Squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1492 :: ('MESH:D005354', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxic', 'hypoxia']

entities_list: @entity105 :: ('MESH:D063646', 'Disease') :: ['carcinogenesis', 'Radiation carcinogenesis']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['hyperthermia', 'Hyperthermia']

answer: @entity105 :: (MESH:D063646,Disease) :: ['carcinogenesis']


abstract: @entity2205 and @entity2205 Receptor genes have been implicated in @entity15 pathology as well as in the response to @entity2391 therapy. The objective of our study was to evaluate the association of these genes in relation to the age at disease onset (AAO) and to the clinical response upon @entity2391 treatment in Spanish @entity15 @entity1 . We carried out a candidate gene study of @entity2205 , @entity3048 , @entity3049 , @entity3050 and @entity3051 genes. A total of 54 SNPs were analysed in 509 @entity15 @entity1 under @entity2391 treatment, and an additional cohort of 226 @entity15 @entity1 was used to validate the results. Associations of @entity30313 in @entity3049 and @entity30314 in @entity3051 genes with AAO under an additive model did not withstand Bonferroni correction. In contrast, @entity1 with the @entity3048 @entity30315 -CC genotype showed a better clinical response to @entity2391 therapy compared with @entity1 carrying the A-allele (recessive model: p=8.88 10(-4), pc=0.048, OR=0.30). This SNP resulted in a non synonymous substitution of @entity367 to @entity493 in position 228 ( @entity30316 ), a change previously associated with susceptibility to different @entity5 and risk of @entity3 , suggesting a lack of functionality of @entity3048 . In order to unravel how this @entity535 change in @entity3048 would affect to death signal, we performed a molecular modelling with both alleles. Neither @entity2205 binding sites in the receptor nor the expression levels of @entity3048 in peripheral blood mononuclear cell subsets (monocytes, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells) were modified, suggesting that this SNP may be altering the death signal by some other mechanism. These findings show a role for @entity3048 gene variations in the clinical outcome of @entity2391 therapy that might have relevance as a biomarker to predict the response to @entity2391 in @entity15 .

title: Candidate gene study of @entity2205 and @entity2205 receptors: association with response to interferon beta therapy in XXXX @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer types']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity367 :: ('CHEBI:18237', 'Chemical') :: ['Glutamic acid']

entities_list: @entity493 :: ('CHEBI:16449', 'Chemical') :: ['Alanine']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['MS', 'Multiple Sclerosis']

answer: @entity15 :: (MESH:D009103,Disease) :: ['multiple sclerosis']