abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare the risks of radiation in screening strategies using chest radiographs and CT to detect a rare @entity5 in a genetically predisposed population against the risks of undetected disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A decision analytic model of diagnostic imaging screening strategies was built to predict outcomes and cumulative radiation doses for @entity1 with @entity8306 mutations screened for @entity8524 . Screening strategies compared were chest radiographs followed by chest CT for a positive radiographic result and CT alone. Screening frequencies ranged from once in 3 years to once every 3 months. BEIR VII (model VII proposed by the Committee on the Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiation) risk tables were used to predict excess @entity5 mortality for each strategy, and the corresponding loss of life expectancy was calculated using Surveillance Epidemiologic and End Results (SEER) statistics. Loss of life expectancy owing to undetected progressive @entity8524 was estimated on the basis of data from the International @entity8524 Registry. Sensitivity analysis was performed for all model parameters. RESULTS: Loss of life expectancy owing to undetected disease in an unscreened population exceeded that owing to radiation-induced @entity5 for all screening scenarios investigated. Increases in imaging frequency decreased loss of life expectancy for the combined (chest radiographs and CT) screening strategy but increased that for the CT-only strategy. This was because loss of life expectancy for combined screening is dominated by undetected disease, whereas loss of life expectancy for CT screening is dominated by radiation-induced @entity5 . CONCLUSION: Even for a @entity395 such as @entity8524 , radiographic screening of @entity1 and young @entity1 with @entity5 -predisposing mutations may result in improved life expectancy compared with the unscreened population. The benefit of screening will be greater for diseases with a higher screening yield.

title: Radiographic Screening of @entity1 and Young @entity1 With Genetic Predisposition for Rare Malignancies: @entity8306 Mutations and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity395 :: ('MESH:D035583', 'Disease') :: ['rare disease']

entities_list: @entity8524 :: ('MESH:C537516', 'Disease') :: ['Pleuropulmonary Blastoma', 'pleuropulmonary blastoma']

answer: @entity8524 :: (MESH:C537516,Disease) :: ['Pleuropulmonary Blastoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) is an Assisted Reproduction Technique (ART) which offers the chance to conceive to @entity1 presenting very low sperm counts (cryptozoospermia/severe @entity6660 ). Sperm freezing before the oocyte pick-up, can prevent from a lack of spermatozoa on the day of the ICSI. It can avoid the cancellation of the ICSI or the use of TESE (Testicular sperm extraction). The objective of this study was to analyse the practice of sperm freezing for these @entity1 in our center over 8  years and the rate of use of these frozen sperms. We also compared the outcome of ICSIs with frozen versus ejaculated sperm. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We performed a retrospective epidemiological study between 2004 and 2011. We recruited all the @entity1 having a sperm count below 1 Million/mL and who were waiting for their first ICSI attempt. RESULTS: 169 @entity1 were recruited: 84 cryopreserved their sperm before the ICSI (secured ICSI) while 85 did not (non-secured ICSI). Both groups were split in cryptozoospermia (<10(3) spermatozoa/ml): 19 and 17 @entity1 respectively, very severe @entity6660 (10(3)-10(5)/ml): 37 and 13 @entity1 , and severe @entity6660 (10(5)-10(6)/ml): 28 and 55 @entity1 . The part of secured ICSI significantly increased from 29% during 2004-2007 to 74% during 2008-2011(p   =   0.0029) and the frozen sperm was used in 5.9% of the cases. Median age was significantly higher in the non secured ICSI group (33.57 vs 35.52 for @entity1 , p   =   0.0069 and 30.45 vs 32.26 for @entity1 , p   =   0.025) but no significant difference was found in the outcome of the ICSI between frozen-thawed sperm and fresh ejaculated sperm. CONCLUSION: Sperm freezing before ICSI for severe oligozoospermic and cryptozoospermic @entity1 significantly increased in our practice but the rate of use remain very low. This encourages to define more accurate criteria leading to sperm freezing.

title: In cryptozoospermia or severe XXXX is sperm freezing useful?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'women', 'men']

entities_list: @entity6660 :: ('MESH:D009845', 'Disease') :: ['oligozoospermia']

answer: @entity6660 :: (MESH:D009845,Disease) :: ['oligozoospermia']


abstract: The Hastings Center, a bioethics research institute, is holding a series of 5 workshops to examine the controversies surrounding the use of medication to treat emotional and behavioral disturbances in @entity1 . These workshops bring together clinicians, researchers, scholars, and advocates with diverse perspectives and from diverse fields. Our first commentary in CAPMH, which grew out of our first workshop, explained our method and explored the controversies in general. This commentary, which grows out of our second workshop, explains why informed @entity1 can disagree about @entity71 diagnosis and treatment. Based on what workshop @entity1 said and our understanding of the literature, we make 8 points. (1) The @entity71 label is based on the interpretation of a heterogeneous set of symptoms that cause impairment. (2) Because symptoms and impairments are dimensional, there is an inevitable "zone of ambiguity," which reasonable @entity1 will interpret differently. (3) Many other variables, from different systems and tools of diagnosis to different parenting styles and expectations, also help explain why behaviors associated with @entity71 can be interpreted differently. (4) Because @entity1 hold competing views about the proper goals of psychiatry and parenting, some @entity1 will be more, and others less, concerned about treating @entity1 in the zone of ambiguity. (5) To recognize that nature has written no bright line between impaired and unimpaired @entity1 , and that it is the responsibility of @entity1 to choose who should receive a diagnosis, does not diminish the significance of @entity71 . (6) Once @entity71 is diagnosed, the facts surrounding the most effective treatment are complicated and incomplete; contrary to some popular wisdom, behavioral treatments, alone or in combination with low doses of medication, can be effective in the long-term reduction of core @entity71 symptoms and at improving many aspects of overall functioning. (7) Especially when a @entity1 occupies the zone of ambiguity, different @entity1 will emphasize different values embedded in the pharmacological and behavioral approaches. (8) Truly informed decision-making requires that parents (and to the extent they are able, @entity1 ) have some sense of the complicated and incomplete facts regarding the diagnosis and treatment of @entity71 .

title: Facts, values, and XXXX ( @entity71 ): an update on the controversies.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'child', 'children', 'humans', 'people']

answer: @entity71 :: (MESH:D001289,Disease) :: ['attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder']


abstract: CONTEXT: The @entity8405 ( @entity8405 ) @entity8406 gene polymorphism has been associated with risk of developing @entity6 ( @entity6 ), possibly by decreasing insulin secretion. Small for gestational age (SGA) birth has been associated with type 2 @entity6 in later life. @entity2124 ( @entity2124 ) treatment reduces insulin sensitivity and increases insulin secretion. Therefore, @entity2124 -treated SGA @entity1 are an ideal group to investigate whether the @entity8405 @entity8406 genotype is associated with changes in @entity413 homeostasis. OBJECTIVE: To determine the impact of the @entity8405 @entity8406 polymorphism on changes in insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity during 4 years of @entity2124 treatment in @entity1 born SGA. SUBJECTS: A total of 246 Caucasian short @entity1 born SGA, with a median age of 7.8 years. OUTCOME MEASURES: Insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion were measured by the frequently sampled intravenous @entity413 tolerance test (FSIGT) (n = 68) and homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) calculations (all). RESULTS: There was no association between @entity8406 genotype and insulin sensitivity or insulin secretion at baseline but after adjustment for possible confounders, insulin secretion was higher in the CT/TT group than in the CC group. During @entity2124 treatment, carriers of the @entity8406 T allele had an increase in insulin secretion similar to that of carriers of the CC genotype. The @entity1720 was only significant in the CT/TT group, but the difference in decrease between genotype groups did not reach significance (P = 0.06). The disposition index (insulin secretion x insulin sensitivity), which is an estimate of beta cell function, was not associated with genotype and did not change during @entity2124 treatment. CONCLUSION: The @entity8405 @entity8406 polymorphism is not associated with the change in insulin secretion during GH treatment in short SGA @entity1 .

title: Interactions between @entity8405 genotype and @entity2124 -induced changes in @entity413 homeostasis in small for gestational age XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['DM', 'type 2 diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity8405 :: ('6934', 'Gene') :: ['Transcription factor 7-like 2', 'TCF7L2']

entities_list: @entity1720 :: ('MESH:D007333', 'Disease') :: ['decrease in insulin sensitivity']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Arterial stiffness is associated with elevated blood pressure (BP), but it is unclear whether it also makes @entity101 more resistant to treatment. Among @entity101 dialysis @entity1 , this study investigated whether @entity2333 determines ambulatory BP and predicts its improvement with therapy. STUDY DESIGN: Post hoc analysis of the @entity101 in Hemodialysis @entity1 Treated With @entity2165 or @entity3593 (HDPAL) trial. SETTINGS _ @entity1 : 179 @entity101 hemodialysis @entity1 with @entity4346 . PREDICTOR: Baseline aortic pulse wave velocity ( @entity122 ). OUTCOME: Baseline and treatment-induced change in 44-hour ambulatory BP at 3, 6, and 12 months. MEASUREMENTS: Aortic @entity122 was assessed with an echocardiographic-Doppler technique (ACUSON Cypress, Siemens Medical), and 44-hour interdialytic ambulatory BP monitoring was performed with a Spacelabs 90207 monitor. RESULTS: Mean baseline aortic @entity122 was 7.6  2.7 (SD) m/s. Overall treatment-induced changes in ambulatory systolic BP (SBP) were -15.6  20.4, -18.9  22.5, and -20.0  19.7 mmHg at 3, 6, and 12 months. Changes in SBP were no different among tertiles of baseline @entity122 . Aortic @entity122 was associated directly with baseline ambulatory SBP and pulse pressure (PP) and inversely with diastolic BP (DBP). After adjustment for several cardiovascular risk factors, each 1-m/s higher @entity122 was associated with 1.34-mm Hg higher baseline SBP (b=1.34  0.46; P=0.004) and 1.02-mm Hg higher PP (b=1.02  0.33; P=0.002), whereas the association with DBP was no longer significant. Baseline @entity122 did not predict treatment-induced changes in SBP (Wald test, P=0.3) and DBP (Wald test, P=0.7), but was a predictor of an overall improvement in PP during follow-up (Wald test, P=0.03). LIMITATIONS: Observational design; predominantly black @entity1 were studied. CONCLUSIONS: Because aortic @entity122 is not a predictor of treatment-induced change in ambulatory BP among @entity101 dialysis @entity1 , it indicates that among these @entity1 , @entity101 can be controlled successfully regardless of @entity2333 .

title: XXXX , Ambulatory Blood Pressure, and Predictors of Response to Antihypertensive Therapy in Hemodialysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'hypertensive', 'Hypertension']

entities_list: @entity4346 :: ('MESH:D017379', 'Disease') :: ['echocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity3593 :: ('MESH:D017706', 'Chemical') :: ['Lisinopril']

entities_list: @entity2333 :: ('MESH:D001018', 'Disease') :: ['aortic stiffness']

entities_list: @entity2165 :: ('MESH:D001262', 'Chemical') :: ['Atenolol']

answer: @entity2333 :: (MESH:D001018,Disease) :: ['Aortic Stiffness']


abstract: We report a 19-year-old @entity1 who developed refractory @entity159 due to non-herpetic @entity14204 . Because ordinary anti- @entity302 were ineffective, general anesthesia under mechanical ventilation was begun with @entity4485 , @entity1363 , and @entity1875 . After 4 months, we could finally discontinue the intravenous anesthetics. Then, she gradually became conscious and several weeks later, could communicate verbally. Simultaneously, she began to manifest @entity2146 and emotional incontinence mimicking Kl  ver-Bucy syndrome. Brain MRI revealed @entity194 in the fronto-temporal lobes and dilated anterior and inferior horns of the lateral ventricles. @entity935 blockers and @entity1245 failed to resolve these emotional symptoms. Oral @entity49438 (30 mg/day dose) was initiated and a partial regression was observed. The following administration of @entity3755 (started with 12.5 mg/day and maintained with 75 mg/day) resulted in a dramatic improvement of her symptoms within 3 days. This clinical course suggests that @entity73 plays a key role in her @entity132 and that its modulation by serotonergic agents is useful to relieve such symptoms.

title: [Successful treatment of @entity132 following non-herpetic XXXX by serotonergic agents. A case report].

entities_list: @entity4485 :: ('MESH:D010424', 'Chemical') :: ['pentobarbital']

entities_list: @entity132 :: ('MESH:D010468', 'Disease') :: ['emotional disturbances']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['Dopamine']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['impaired serotonergic neurotransmission']

entities_list: @entity3755 :: ('MESH:D016666', 'Chemical') :: ['fluvoxamine']

entities_list: @entity1245 :: ('MESH:D001569', 'Chemical') :: ['benzodiazepines']

entities_list: @entity2146 :: ('MESH:D011595', 'Disease') :: ['psychomotor agitation']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epileptics']

entities_list: @entity1875 :: ('MESH:D015742', 'Chemical') :: ['propofol']

entities_list: @entity194 :: ('MESH:D001284', 'Disease') :: ['cortical atrophy']

entities_list: @entity49438 :: ('MESH:C055267', 'Chemical') :: ['tandospirone']

entities_list: @entity1363 :: ('MESH:D008874', 'Chemical') :: ['midazolam']

entities_list: @entity159 :: ('MESH:D013226', 'Disease') :: ['status epilepticus']

entities_list: @entity14204 :: ('MESH:D020363', 'Disease') :: ['limbic encephalitis']

answer: @entity14204 :: (MESH:D020363,Disease) :: ['limbic encephalitis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Current guidelines recommend surgical resection as the primary treatment for a @entity96 ( @entity96 ) with @entity1 's A @entity82 , normal serum @entity648 , and no clinically significant portal @entity101 . We determined how frequently guidelines were followed and whether straying from them impacted survival. BRIDGE is a multiregional cohort study including @entity96 @entity1 diagnosed between January 1, 2005 and June 30, 2011. A total of 8,656 @entity1 from 20 sites were classified into four groups: (A) 718 ideal resection candidates who were resected; (B) 144 ideal resection candidates who were not resected; (C) 1,624 nonideal resection candidates who were resected; and (D) 6,170 nonideal resection candidates who were not resected. Median follow-up was 27 months. Log-rank and Cox's regression analyses were conducted to determine differences between groups and variables associated with survival. Multivariate analysis of all ideal candidates for resection (A+B) revealed a higher risk of mortality with treatments other than resection. For all resected @entity1 (A+C), portal @entity101 and @entity648 >1 mg/dL were not associated with mortality. For all @entity1 who were not ideal candidates for resection (C+D), resection was associated with better survival, compared to embolization and "other" treatments, but was inferior to ablation and transplantation. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of @entity1 undergoing resection would not be considered ideal candidates based on current guidelines. Not resecting ideal candidates was associated with higher mortality. The study suggests that selection criteria for resection may be modestly expanded without compromising outcomes, and that some nonideal candidates may still potentially benefit from resection over other treatment modalities. (Hepatology 2015).

title: The role of hepatic resection in the treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Child', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['single hepatocellular cancer', 'HCC']

entities_list: @entity648 :: ('MESH:D001663', 'Chemical') :: ['bilirubin']

answer: @entity96 :: (MESH:D008113,Disease) :: ['hepatocellular cancer']


abstract: The feasibility of adding both the multidrug resistance modulator @entity205 (CsA) and @entity1261 ( @entity1261 ) to a standard salvage regimen of @entity8779 (IDA) and @entity2592 was evaluated in @entity1 with resistant or relapsed @entity3052 and @entity2590 . Three @entity1 received IDA 12 mg/m2/day, the next four @entity1 9 mg/m2/day. The dose of CsA was 16 mg/kg/day. Six @entity1 showed @entity7895 expression and none @entity11092 expression. Grade III or IV @entity137 (CTC-NCIC criteria) was registered in six @entity1 for gastrointestinal, two @entity1 for cardiovascular and one @entity1 for @entity16 . Three @entity1 died in @entity509 and three @entity1 showed @entity1778 . Three control @entity1 were treated with IDA 12 mg/m2/day and @entity2592 , but no CsA and @entity1261 . The plasma IDA and @entity47478 (ida-ol) area under the curve's of @entity1 treated with @entity11059 12 mg/m2 plus CsA were higher (P< 0.05) than in controls. Cellular IDA concentrations were almost similar, but cellular ida-ol concentrations were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the presence of CsA than in controls. We conclude that the @entity137 either with IDA 12 or 9 mg/m2/day was too high. The modulating effect of CsA was mainly based on changes in plasma kinetics of IDA and ida-ol, although ida-ol cellular clearance was delayed in the presence of CsA.

title: XXXX increases cellular @entity8779 and @entity47478 concentrations in relapsed or refractory AML mainly due to reduced systemic clearance.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity1261 :: ('1440', 'Gene') :: ['G-CSF', 'granulocyte colony-stimulating factor']

entities_list: @entity8779 :: ('MESH:D015255', 'Chemical') :: ['idarubicin']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological complications']

entities_list: @entity2590 :: ('MESH:D009190', 'Disease') :: ['myelodysplastic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity2592 :: ('MESH:D003561', 'Chemical') :: ['cytarabine']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute myeloid leukemia']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporin']

entities_list: @entity509 :: ('MESH:C538429', 'Disease') :: ['hypoplasia']

entities_list: @entity1778 :: ('MESH:D007938', 'Disease') :: ['leukemic regrowth']

entities_list: @entity47478 :: ('MESH:C054440', 'Chemical') :: ['idarubicinol']

answer: @entity205 :: (MESH:D016572,Chemical) :: ['Cyclosporin']


abstract: The development of @entity28 and associated @entity2690 resistance involves a multitude of gene products, including proteins involved in lipid synthesis and oxidation, thermogenesis, and cell differentiation. The genes encoding these proteins are in essence the blueprints that we have inherited from our parents. However, what determines the way in which blueprints are interpreted is largely dictated by a collection of environmental factors. The nutrients we consume are among the most influential of these environmental factors. During the early stages of evolutionary development, nutrients functioned as primitive hormonal signals that allowed the early organisms to turn on pathways of synthesis or storage during periods of nutrient deprivation or excess. As single-cell organisms evolved into complex life forms, nutrients continued to be environmental factors that interacted with hormonal signals to govern the expression of genes encoding proteins involved in energy metabolism, cell differentiation, and cell growth. Nutrients govern the tissue content and activity of different proteins by functioning as regulators of gene transcription, nuclear RNA processing, mRNA degradation, and mRNA translation, as well as functioning as posttranslational modifiers of proteins. One dietary constituent that has a strong influence on cell differentiation, growth, and metabolism is fat. The @entity844 component of dietary lipid not only influences hormonal signaling events by modifying membrane lipid composition, but @entity1718 have a very strong direct influence on the molecular events that govern gene expression. In this review, we discuss the influence that (n-9), (n-6), and (n-3) @entity1718 exert on gene expression in the liver and skeletal muscle and the impact this has on intra- and interorgan partitioning of metabolic fuels.

title: XXXX regulation of gene expression: a genomic explanation for the benefits of the mediterranean diet.

entities_list: @entity844 :: ('CHEBI:35366', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

answer: @entity844 :: (CHEBI:35366,Chemical) :: ['Fatty acid']


abstract: A large number of rare mutations in the @entity754 gene cause the @entity74 @entity753 . In addition, a number of common DNA polymorphisms have been identified in the @entity754 gene, but their significance in affecting plasma @entity165 levels in the general population has not been studied widely. We investigated the role of two common DNA polymorphisms, Ava II (exon 13) and Nco I (exon 18), at the @entity754 locus in affecting plasma lipid profiles in normolipidemic Hispanics (n = 385) and non-Hispanic whites (NHWs; n = 543) from the San Luis Valley, Colorado. While the distribution of the Nco I polymorphism was comparable between Hispanics and NHWs, the allele frequencies at the Ava II restriction site differed significantly between the two ethnic groups (P < .001). The Ava II and Nco I polymorphisms were in linkage disequilibrium (P < .05) in both Hispanics and NHWs. Both polymorphisms revealed a gender-specific effect on total and LDL @entity165 (LDL-C) confined to @entity1 only in both ethnic groups. The AVA II polymorphism was associated significantly with total @entity165 and LDL-C in NHW @entity1 (P = .001 and P = .014) and in Hispanic @entity1 (P = .011 and P = .057). The effect of the Nco I polymorphism was significant on total @entity165 and LDL-C (P = .019 and P = .035) in Hispanic @entity1 only. Although a similar trend was observed in NHW @entity1 , the effect was not significant at the 5% level.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Role of common genetic polymorphisms in the @entity754 gene in affecting plasma XXXX levels in the general population.

entities_list: @entity754 :: ('3949', 'Gene') :: ['LDL receptor', 'low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor']

entities_list: @entity753 :: ('OMIM:143890', 'Disease') :: ['familial hypercholesterolemia']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['autosomal dominant disorder']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity165 :: (MESH:D002784,Chemical) :: ['cholesterol']


abstract: Objectives: Traditional classification of @entity407 using HDL, LDL and VLDL does not provide information on lipoprotein function. Apolipoproteins, (which are protein components of plasma lipoproteins including A, B, C, D, E) with their different composition, metabolic and atherogenic properties, provide insight on lipoprotein functioning. In particular, the @entity755 / @entity1938 ratio is associated with atherogenic LDL and development of @entity65 . We explored the baseline association between these non-traditional risk factors with subclinical measures of @entity731 (coronary artery @entity460 and carotid intima-media thickness) in @entity1252 . Methods: 58 @entity1252 @entity1 (97% female, 58% Caucasian, 40% African-American, 2% other, mean age 44  11 yrs) had measurement of apolipoprotein and lipoproteins by immunoturbidimetric procedures, electroimmunoassays and immunoprecipitation. Coronary artery @entity460 was measured by helical CT and carotid intima-media thickness by carotid duplex. This study was based on the baseline assessment of subclinical @entity731 in the LAPS study. The measurement of the lipoproteins was made on sera collected at the same time. Results: There was no association between cardioprotective apoliporoteins (apoA-I, LpA-I, LpA-I:AII) and coronary artery @entity460 (p<0.15,0.41,0.39) or carotid intima-media thickness (p<0.97,0.53,0.76). Coronary artery @entity460 and carotid intima-media thickness did not associate with atherogenic apolipoproteins either, including LpB:E+LpB:C:E, @entity755 , LpB, LpB:C, @entity12436 , @entity12436 -HS, @entity12436 -HP, CIII-R, LpA-II:B:C:D:E and @entity755 /apoA-I. Measures of disease activity, including physician's global assessment and SLEDAI, were not associated with coronary artery @entity460 or carotid intima-media thickness. Conclusion: Neither cardioprotective nor atherogenic lipoproteins were associated with measures of subclinical @entity731 in this series of @entity1252 @entity1 . Further studies with larger sample size are warranted to confirm our findings.    2014 American College of Rheumatology.

title: Apolipoprotein-containing lipoprotein subclasses and subclinical @entity731 In XXXX ( @entity1252 ).

entities_list: @entity407 :: ('MESH:D006949', 'Disease') :: ['hyperlipidemia']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity1252 :: (MESH:D008180,Disease) :: ['systemic lupus erythematosus']


abstract: Primary cultures of @entity1573 embryo hepatocytes are known to maintain their initial level of cytochrome P-450 for a number of days. To explore the possibilities of @entity1573 embryo hepatocyte cultures as a tool in drug metabolism, induction profiles of cytochrome P-450 were determined and the metabolism of @entity3014 as a model substrate was studied. Maximum induction by @entity109 and @entity14774 is reached after 21 h and 18 h, respectively, both in the presence and absence of serum. For @entity11423 induction is maximal after 31 h in the presence and 43 h in the absence of serum. The levels of P-450 after induction are comparable to those found in vivo in @entity35 : increases of 200% for @entity109 , 200% for @entity11423 and 210% for @entity14774 . @entity12533 -O-deethylase activities are induced by @entity11423 and @entity14774 , but as expected only slightly by @entity109 . In the absence of serum in the culture medium, for the control as well as the induced cells a plateau of activity is maintained for at least 24 h. In the presence of serum a decline in P-450 levels is observed. Especially in the case of @entity54457 , an increase in @entity7170 content of 320% of control values is seen at the same time. A number of representative metabolites of @entity3014 were quantitated during a 4-h incubation. Relative amounts are comparable to those observed with @entity35 liver microsomes. As expected, @entity11423 and Aroclor induce the rate of metabolism (by 500% and 400%, respectively, in the absence of serum), but @entity109 has no or very little effect.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Oxidative biotransformation in primary cultures of XXXX embryo hepatocytes: induction of cytochrome P-450 and the metabolism of @entity3014 .

entities_list: @entity11423 :: ('MESH:D019324', 'Chemical') :: ['beta-naphthoflavone']

entities_list: @entity3014 :: ('MESH:D001564', 'Chemical') :: ['benzo(a)pyrene']

entities_list: @entity7170 :: ('CHEBI:8337', 'Chemical') :: ['porphyrin']

entities_list: @entity109 :: ('MESH:D010634', 'Chemical') :: ['phenobarbitone']

entities_list: @entity12533 :: ('CHEBI:34480', 'Chemical') :: ['Ethoxyresorufin']

answer: @entity1573 :: (9031,Species) :: ['chick']


abstract: @entity407 is associated with faster progression of @entity740 ( @entity740 ) in the general public. We sought to investigate this association after lung transplantation. Data was retrospectively collected on 230 lung recipients transplanted between January 1997 and December 2003. Estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFR) and lipid levels were recorded at regular intervals posttransplant. Independent associations between lipid levels early posttransplant and pertinent renal endpoints were investigated. Baseline LDL was 110 +/- 35 mg/dL and remained unchanged at 6 months. A faster decline in eGFR was seen in those with 6 month LDLs > versus < the mean level of 110 mg/dL (p = 0.05). By 6 months posttransplant eGFRs were lower in the 6 month LDL > versus < 110 mg/dL group (53 +/- 23 vs. 62 +/- 29 mL/ @entity1009 .73 m2, p = 0.01), a difference that persisted at 60 months (39 +/- 24 vs. 73 +/- 57 mL/ @entity1009 .73 m2, p = 0.05). On univariate analysis, a 6 month LDL in the highest quartile, i.e. >140 mg/dL, predicted faster progression to @entity740 , defined as declining to an eGFR < 30 mL/ @entity1009 .73 m2 (HR 1.5, p = 0.01). This finding persisted in the multivariate Cox-proportional model (HR 1.4, p = 0.02). @entity407 predicts @entity177 after lung transplant. Prospective trials are needed to confirm this finding.

title: XXXX is associated with accelerated @entity740 progression after lung transplantation.

entities_list: @entity407 :: ('MESH:D006949', 'Disease') :: ['Hyperlipidemia']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['faster decline in renal function']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['CKD', 'chronic kidney disease']

answer: @entity407 :: (MESH:D006949,Disease) :: ['Hyperlipidemia']


abstract: @entity1653 are well-recognized neoplasms of the central nervous system. Primary @entity853 ( @entity853 ) are extremely rare and arise in various anatomic sites. We present a 56-year-old female with 13-year history of primary grade I @entity1653 of right pubic symphysis, orthotopic heart transplant, and right total hip arthroplasty, who presented with progressive right hip @entity158 for 3 weeks. Primary intracranial, intraspinal and other @entity5 were excluded. Imaging revealed a destructive @entity75 at right superior and inferior pubic rami and body, associated with extensive @entity79 and soft tissue mass. Touch imprint (TI) cytology of computed tomography (CT)-guided core biopsy from the right pubic ramus (PRA) lesion showed a @entity189 , with classical syncytial, lobular, and whorling cellular arrangement, composed of spindle, oval or round nuclei with occasional pseudoinclusions, consistent with known history of @entity1653 . @entity5 was further characterized by histopathology as grade 1 @entity1653 with meningothelial features. To our knowledge, primary osseous @entity14315 arising specifically at the PRA has not been reported previously. @entity14315 at this site may pose a diagnostic challenge for cytologists as its features may resemble other more commonly observed lesions. Accurate diagnosis requires awareness of occurrence of @entity14315 at PRA and recognition of its characteristic cytomorphology. TI cytological features of our case are presented and previously described cytology of @entity853 and diagnostic pitfalls are reviewed. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2016;44:618-622.    2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Cytomorphology of Recurrent Osseous XXXX of Right Pubic Ramus:: Report of a Case and Literature Review.

entities_list: @entity853 :: ('MESH:D009139', 'Disease') :: ['extracranial meningiomas', 'ECMs']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['lytic lesion']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['spindle cell neoplasm']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone destruction']

entities_list: @entity1653 :: ('MESH:D008579', 'Disease') :: ['Meningiomas', 'osseous meningioma', 'meningothelial meningioma', 'meningioma']

answer: @entity853 :: (MESH:D009139,Disease) :: ['Extracranial Meningioma']


abstract: The mechanical dilation of the cervix during induced @entity5852 may cause @entity158 and @entity130 . A clinical trial was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of applying a hydrophilic @entity2636 dilation rod to the cervix to soften tissue and dilate the cervix before the induced @entity5852 . 100 healthy pregnant @entity1 aged 19-34 were screened and recruited into the study. The duration of pregnancy ranged from 5.9-12 weeks. The study had 2 purposes: 1) to identify the shortest duration of application of the rod for dilating the cervix and 2) to compare the effectiveness of applying the rod for 1/2, 1, and 2 hours. The study found that the use of the hydrophilic @entity2636 rod and a significant effect on dilating the cervix. The effectiveness of the rod application of 2, 3, 6, and 12 hours was similar. The dilation was sufficient except in a few cases. 21-47 of the @entity1 who use the rods for 1 hour and 1/2 hour, respectively, needed additional dilation. The dilation was much easier than it would have been without using the rods. Among all the groups of the rod users, no spontaneous @entity5852 and @entity548 occurred. @entity1867 , @entity1209 were observed in a few @entity1 . The study results showed that the hydrophilic @entity2636 rod is a safe, effective, and economical method of cervix dilation for induced @entity5852 . It can reduce @entity158 , the time needed for suction, and @entity190 . The only inconvenience of the method is the increased amount of work. The method is especially attractive to first-time pregnant @entity1 , and its use may be expanded in outpatient clinics.

title: [The application of hydrophilic XXXX rod before vacuum aspiration].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity2636 :: ('MESH:D011140', 'Chemical') :: ['polyurethane']

entities_list: @entity1209 :: ('MESH:D020250', 'Disease') :: ['nausea, and vomiting']

answer: @entity2636 :: (MESH:D011140,Chemical) :: ['polyurethane']


abstract: In stereotactic radio surgery, a single, large dose of radiation is delivered to a small, well-defined, stereotactically localized @entity1504 . In contrast to conventional radiation therapy, in radio surgery no attempt is made to spare normal cells within the target volume by fractionating the @entity5 dose. In 1987, the authors began a program of fractionated stereotactic radiation therapy for selected @entity5 involving sensitive brain structures. Their objective was to improve the therapeutic index and study the feasibility of the fractionated technique. Fifteen @entity1 were treated with a multifraction regimen typically consisting of six fractions of 700 cGy each, given on alternate days for 2 weeks (total @entity5 dose, 4200 cGy). All @entity1 were treated with the dynamic stereotactic radio surgical technique. A head ring ("halo frame") was used for immobilization and setup during radiation treatments. At a median follow-up time of 27 months, the symptoms of the majority of the @entity1 improved clinically; this improvement usually occurred within a few weeks after completion of the treatment. The radiologic response was much slower. Currently, only two @entity1 have had complete radiologic disappearance of their lesions; the majority of the @entity1 have only had a decrease in @entity5 size. The treatments were well tolerated by the @entity1 and no acute complications were observed. One @entity1 who had a vasogenic @entity4 11 months after treatment fully recovered after @entity134 therapy. Fractionated stereotactic radiation therapy is a feasible treatment technique and may prove to be useful for selected @entity1 with @entity5 . Although the preliminary data are encouraging, this technique should still be considered experimental. A larger number of @entity1 and a longer follow-up time are necessary to determine whether the results of this technique are actually better than those of conventional radiation therapy.

title: Fractionated stereotactic radiation therapy for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'intracranial tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1504 :: ('MESH:D002561', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial lesion']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['intracranial tumors']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Hepatocarcinogenesis results from the accumulation of genetic and epigenetic changes in liver cells. A common mechanism through which these alterations induce @entity96 is by deregulating signaling pathways. A number of signaling pathways, including the PI3K/ @entity2370 / @entity1994 and @entity641 ( @entity641 ) pathways have been implicated in normal liver development as well as in @entity5 formation. In this study, we assessed the effect of the @entity641 signaling pathway on @entity96 induced by phosphatase and tensin homolog ( @entity2370 ) loss. Inactivation of only the @entity641 receptor type II, @entity15136 , in the @entity19 liver ( @entity15136 ( @entity15136 )) had no overt phenotype, while inactivation of @entity2370 alone ( @entity2370 ( @entity15136 )), resulted in the @entity157 and @entity201 ( @entity201 ). Interestingly, deletion of both @entity2370 and @entity15136 ( @entity2370 ( @entity15136 ); @entity15136 ) in the @entity19 liver resulted in a dramatic shift in @entity5 type to predominantly @entity201 . Assessment of the PI3K/ @entity2370 / @entity1994 pathway revealed increased phosphorylation of @entity1994 and @entity6913 ( @entity6913 ) in both the @entity2370 ( @entity15136 ) and @entity2370 ( @entity15136 ); @entity15136 ( @entity15136 ) @entity19 , suggesting that this pathway is constitutively active regardless of the status of the @entity641 signaling pathway. However, phosphorylation of p70 S6 kinase was observed in the liver of all three phenotypes ( @entity15136 ( @entity15136 ), @entity2370 ( @entity15136 ), @entity2370 ( @entity15136 ); @entity15136 ) indicating that the loss of @entity15136 and/or @entity2370 leads to an increase in this signaling pathway. Analysis of markers of liver progenitor/stem cells revealed that the loss of @entity641 signaling resulted in increased expression of @entity17777 and @entity16533 . Furthermore, in addition to increased @entity17777 and @entity16533 , @entity10898 and @entity27947 expression were also increased in the double knock-out @entity19 . These results suggest that the alteration in @entity5 types between the @entity2370 ( @entity15136 ) @entity19 and @entity2370 ( @entity15136 ); @entity15136 @entity19 is secondary to the altered regulation of stem-cell features induced by the loss of @entity641 signaling.

title: @entity641 signaling alters the pattern of liver tumorigenesis induced by XXXX inactivation.

entities_list: @entity6913 :: ('56637(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta', 'GSK-3b']

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['liver cancer', 'liver tumors']

entities_list: @entity641 :: ('21803(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['transforming growth factor b', 'TGF-b']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity201 :: ('MESH:D018281', 'Disease') :: ['CC', 'cholangiocarcinomas']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['formation of both hepatocellular carcinomas']

answer: @entity2370 :: (19211(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['Pten']


abstract: 1. To elucidate the possible involvement of a G protein in @entity855 -evoked @entity141 -permeable channel activity, membrane currents of @entity35 peritoneal macrophages were recorded using inside-out and cell-attached configurations of the patch clamp technique. 2. In inside-out experiments with a pipette solution containing 105 mM @entity8594 , application of 100 microM @entity3007 or GTP gamma S to the internal surface of the membrane elicited a rise in channel activity. This effect was observed in 49% of the patches investigated (n = 69). The mean value of NPo (N, number of open channels; Po, channel open probability) was equal to 0.49 +/- 0.27 (mean +/- S.E.M.; n = 16). The delay in the activity development was 21 +/- 8 s (n = 18) with 200 microM @entity855 added to the pipette solution and about 4 min (n = 5) without agonist in the pipette. Similar results were obtained with 10 mM @entity141 as the only permeant cation. 3. Properties of GTP gamma S-evoked channels were identical to those of channels activated by extracellular application of @entity855 . The channels exhibited at least four conductance sublevels, the 4th one being the least frequent. With 105 mM @entity8594 as a permeant cation, sublevel conductances were 3.5, 7, 10 and 15 pS. Corresponding values for 10 mM @entity141 were about 4, 9, 13 and 17 pS. Extrapolated reversal potential (Er) values were about +40 and +25 mV for @entity8594 and @entity141 , respectively. 4. The activity of channels with similar characteristics could be induced by the extracellular application of @entity1388 in cell-attached experiments without any agonist in the pipette solution.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: @entity855 -operated calcium-permeable channels activated via a guanine nucleotide-dependent mechanism in XXXX macrophages.

entities_list: @entity1388 :: ('MESH:D005459', 'Chemical') :: ['fluoride']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: In 1988, FIGO added lymph node surgery to the staging system for @entity1204 . This change remains controversial to date. From our study we aim to determine the significance of surgico-pathological parameters of @entity4348 for pelvic nodal metastases and survival, as well as to study the role of pelvic lymphadenectomy in the surgical treatment of this disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted in 198 @entity1 with @entity4348 who underwent full surgical staging including pelvic lymphadenectomy. The multiple variant regression analysis and the multi-variant logistic regression analysis were applied in the analysis of relationship. RESULTS: A positive correlation between nodal metastases and grade, @entity3 , peritoneal cytology, adnexal involvement, lympho-vascular space involvement and @entity5 size was found. For survival, significant prognosticators were grade, @entity3 , peritoneal cytology, lympho-vascular space involvement, adnexal involvement, associated atypia and pelvic nodal metastases. Thirty-five per cent of the @entity1 had high risk of recurrence based on uterine pathological factors but were node negative. They were spared external beam radiation and its associated morbidities, and were treated with adjuvant vault brachytherapy instead. Six per cent of the @entity1 would have been understaged based on uterine factors alone if pelvic lymphadenectomy had not been done. CONCLUSION: We infer that routine pelvic lymphadenectomy should be considered for all surgically fit @entity1 with @entity4348 . The accurate staging will allow individualized adjuvant therapy and prevent understaging and overtreatment.

title: XXXX : surgico-pathological correlations and role of pelvic lymphadenectomy.

entities_list: @entity1204 :: ('MESH:D016889', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['myometrial invasion']

entities_list: @entity4348 :: ('MESH:D018269', 'Disease') :: ['endometrioid carcinoma']

answer: @entity4348 :: (MESH:D018269,Disease) :: ['Endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the uterus']


abstract: Spinal anaesthesia with 2, 2.5 or 3 ml of @entity413 -free @entity3303 2% was studied in 50 @entity1 undergoing Caesarean section. Onset time, cephalad spread of @entity1337 , quality of @entity1337 , muscle relaxation, the cardiovascular effects and duration of @entity1337 and @entity616 were assessed. Reliable anaesthesia was provided with 2.5 and 3 ml while 2 ml of 2% @entity3303 was insufficient. Onset time varied between 5.5 to 6 min and maximum cephalad spread was achieved in 10-15 min. The mean maximum extent of sensory @entity1337 was higher after 2.5 ml (T4.1) and 3 ml (T3.6) than after 2 ml (T7) (P < 0.001). Complete @entity616 was achieved in all the @entity1 . The mean duration of sensory block was 123 +/- 6.23 min (2 ml) to 126 +/- 7.53 min (2.5 and 3 ml). The mean duration of @entity616 in 2.5 and 3 ml groups was higher (P < 0.001) than in the 2 ml group and was correlated with the dose of @entity3303 (P < 0.05). @entity551 (SBP < 100 mmHg) was noted in 10% (n = 5) of @entity1 in whom the cephalad spread of @entity1337 was also higher. All the neonates had an apgar score of 7 or more at 1 min. These results suggest that 2.5 to 3 ml of 2% @entity3303 provides satisfactory anaesthesia for Caesarean section.

title: Spinal anaesthesia with XXXX 2% for caesarean section.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1337 :: ('MESH:D000699', 'Disease') :: ['analgesia']

entities_list: @entity3303 :: ('MESH:D008012', 'Chemical') :: ['lidocaine']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['Hypotension']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity616 :: ('MESH:D006327', 'Disease') :: ['motor block']

answer: @entity3303 :: (MESH:D008012,Chemical) :: ['lidocaine']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To describe the clinical characteristics of a large Dutch @entity5913 ( @entity5913 ) and to test for genetic linkage of @entity5913 to chromosome 8q23.3-q24.1. BACKGROUND: @entity5913 is an @entity3762 of adult onset with autosomal dominant inheritance. It is characterised by kinesiogenic @entity400 and @entity2045 of the limbs, generalised @entity410 , and electrophysiological findings consistent with cortical reflex @entity2045 . Genetic analysis has been performed in five Japanese families. In all families, linkage was shown to chromosome 8q23.3-q24.1. METHODS: Clinical and electrophysiological data of a four-generation family, suspected of autosomal dominant inherited @entity5913 , were collected and linkage analysis was performed. Results Clinical and electrophysiological findings were consistent with a diagnosis of @entity5913 . Of 41 relatives examined, 13 subjects were considered to be definitely affected, three were probably affected and ten were unaffected. In 15 relatives, the diagnosis could not be established. Linkage to chromosome 8q23.3-q24.1 was excluded. CONCLUSIONS: In this family with autosomal dominant @entity5913 , specific clinical and electrophysiological features were identified. Exclusion of linkage to chromosome 8q23.3-q24.1 indicates that genetic heterogeneity exists for @entity5913 .

title: A Dutch family with 'familial cortical XXXX with epilepsy'. Clinical characteristics and exclusion of linkage to chromosome 8q23.3-q24.1.

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures']

entities_list: @entity2045 :: ('MESH:D009207', 'Disease') :: ['myoclonus']

entities_list: @entity5913 :: ('MESH:C563399', 'Disease') :: ['family with cortical tremor with epilepsy', 'FCTE']

entities_list: @entity3762 :: ('MESH:C562694', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic generalised epilepsy']

answer: @entity400 :: (MESH:D014202,Disease) :: ['tremor']


abstract: Sixty-two @entity840 were infected vaginally, perorally, intranasally, conjunctivally and subcutaneously with the bacteria @entity36322 , biotype 2. The inoculum contained 13.8.10(9) of brucellas in 1 ml of physiological solution. @entity281 lasted 151 days, the other types of @entity281 56 days. All types of infections resulted in brucellotic changes developing in relation to the type and duration of @entity281 . The least marked changes were observed after @entity281 . Brucellosis was chronical and the changes in liver, spleen, lungs, and after @entity281 also in regional lymphoglandulae, were found out incessantly. Microscopically these changes were histiocytic @entity738 . The pathogenesis of @entity3377 process in @entity840 organism is influenced primarily by haematogenous propagation. The highest serological reactivity was caused by @entity281 , the lowest by @entity281 . In the course of different types of @entity281 the titres of agglutination and complement-fixation antibodies varied and the highest values were recorded between the 21st and 56th day. The diagnostic effectiveness of the surface fixation test was verified and no decrease in its sensitivity, not even in the chronic phase of @entity281 , was observed. An incomplete correlation between morphological changes and serological reactivity in @entity840 was detected. The highest number of @entity281 was identified by histopathological examination which helped to reveal the initial stages of @entity738 at the time when specific antibodies were not yet determined by serological tests.

title: [The development of morphologic changes and the antibody response in XXXX experimentally infected with @entity36322 , biotype 2 bacteria].

entities_list: @entity3377 :: ('MESH:D002006', 'Disease') :: ['brucellosis']

entities_list: @entity738 :: ('MESH:D006099', 'Disease') :: ['granulomas']

entities_list: @entity840 :: ('10141', 'Species') :: ['guinea pigs', 'guinea pig']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['Brucella infections', 'peroral infection', 'infection', 'subcutaneous infection', 'Subcutaneous infection']

answer: @entity840 :: (10141,Species) :: ['guinea pigs']


abstract: AIM: To evaluate the tolerability and efficacy of @entity3866 treatment in advanced @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) @entity1 who had previously experienced severe hepatotoxicity after @entity4562 treatment. @entity1 AND METHODS: Twenty-five @entity1149 @entity1 with @entity470 ( @entity470 ) mutation were initially treated with @entity4562 (250 mg/day). However, 7 of these experienced severe hepatotoxicity. After recovery from hepatotoxicity, treatment was switched to @entity3866 (150 mg/day) in all 7 @entity1 . @entity137 and efficacy of @entity3866 were analyzed. RESULTS: None of the 7 @entity1 reported severe hepatotoxicity with @entity3866 despite @entity4562 -induced severe hepatotoxicity. All @entity1 achieved response with @entity4562 or following @entity3866 treatment. The response achieved with @entity4562 was maintained after switching to @entity3866 . Therefore, an excellent median progression-free survival of 372 days was achieved although @entity4562 induced severe hepatotoxicity. CONCLUSION: @entity3866 treatment was efficient and well-tolerated in @entity1149 @entity1 with @entity470 mutation, despite their severe hepatotoxicity with prior @entity4562 treatment.

title: @entity3866 is a well-tolerated alternate treatment for XXXX in cases of @entity4562 -induced hepatotoxicity.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['Toxicity']

entities_list: @entity4562 :: ('MESH:C419708', 'Chemical') :: ['gefitinib']

entities_list: @entity470 :: ('1956', 'Gene') :: ['epidermal growth factor receptor', 'EGFR']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity3866 :: ('MESH:C400278', 'Chemical') :: ['erlotinib', 'Erlotinib']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']


abstract: The degree of @entity4854 correlates with the development of @entity6 . We investigated the effect of @entity413 on the expression of @entity1476 and @entity1495 (72-kDa and 92-kDa type IV collagenases, respectively) by @entity1 retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRECs). Cultured HRECs from nondiabetic and diabetic donors were exposed to 5 or 30 mmol/l @entity413 . Using gelatin zymography, @entity558 ( @entity558 ) from all cultures revealed a gelatinolytic band migrating at 65 kDa (representing the proform of @entity1476 that runs at 72 kDa under reducing conditions). This band was unchanged by @entity413 exposure or the disease state of the donors. @entity558 from nondiabetic HREC cultures demonstrated an additional proteolytic activity migrating at 90 kDa when cells were exposed to 30 mmol/l @entity413 , but not when they were exposed to 5 mmol/l @entity413 . This same activity was seen in @entity558 from HREC cultures of diabetic origin in the presence of both 5 and 30 mmol/l @entity413 . Western analysis confirmed the identity of the 65-kDa band as @entity1476 . The anomalous activity at 90 kDa was identified as @entity1476 associated and co-migrating with a fibronectin fragment. Competition-based reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction revealed that nondiabetic and diabetic HRECs expressed constitutively mRNA for @entity1476 , @entity1495 , @entity2843 , @entity1552 , and fibronectin. After exposure to 5 or 30 mmol/l @entity413 , no changes were detected in mRNA levels in @entity1476 or @entity1495 , their inhibitors @entity2843 and @entity1552 , or fibronectin in either @entity6 . These results support the notion that modulation of MMP function by extracellular matrix components occurs in response to @entity413 and may be relevant to the development of @entity6 .

title: Matrix metalloproteinase expression in XXXX retinal microvascular cells.

entities_list: @entity558 :: ('MESH:C536528', 'Disease') :: ['CM', 'conditioned medium']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['nondiabetic or diabetic HREC cultures', 'diabetic retinopathy']

entities_list: @entity1476 :: ('4313', 'Gene') :: ['matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2', 'MMP-2']

entities_list: @entity2843 :: ('7076', 'Gene') :: ['tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1', 'TIMP-1']

entities_list: @entity4854 :: ('MESH:D006943', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemia']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: Dwindling male fertility due to xenobiotics is of global concern. Accordingly, male reproductive @entity137 assessment of xenobiotics through semen quality analysis in exposed males, and examining progeny production of their mates is critical. These assays, in part, are biased towards monogamy. Females soliciting multiple male partners (polyandry) is the norm in many species. Polyandry incites sperm competition and allows females to bias sperm use. However, consequences of xenobiotic exposure to the sperm in the light of sperm competition remain to be understood. Therefore, we exposed @entity238 males to @entity1304 , and evaluated their progeny production as well as the ability of their sperm to counter rival control sperm in the storage organs of females sequentially mated to control/exposed males. @entity1304 (2    g/ml) had no significant effect on progeny production and on the expression of certain genes associated with reproduction. However, exposed males performed worse in sperm competition, both as 1(st) and 2(nd) male competitors. These findings indicate that simple non-competitive measures of reproductive ability may fail to demonstrate the harmful effects of low-level exposure to xenobiotics on reproduction and advocate consideration of sperm competition, as a parameter, in the reproductive @entity137 assessment of xenobiotics to mimic situations prevailing in the nature.

title: Exposure to XXXX influences sperm competition in @entity238 .

entities_list: @entity1304 :: ('MESH:D004726', 'Chemical') :: ['Endosulfan', 'endosulfan']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity238 :: ('7227', 'Species') :: ['Drosophila melanogaster']

answer: @entity1304 :: (MESH:D004726,Chemical) :: ['endosulfan']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine, in @entity1 with @entity3217 fungoides and S  zary syndrome, the incidence of @entity281 , the importance of @entity580 , and the epidemiologic factors associated with @entity281 . DESIGN AND SETTING: Retrospective inception cohort study at a university medical center referral clinic. @entity1 : Three hundred fifty-six @entity1 with @entity3217 fungoides or S  zary syndrome. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Incidence rates for specific @entity281 , and multivariate risk ratios for demographic and clinical factors associated with @entity281 . RESULTS: Cutaneous @entity2348 was most common (17.0 @entity281 per 100 @entity1 -years), followed by @entity778 (3.8 @entity281 per 100 @entity1 -years), @entity2259 (2.1 @entity281 per 100 @entity1 -years), bacterial @entity55 (1.7 @entity281 per 100 @entity1 -years), and urinary tract @entity281 (1.4 @entity281 per 100 @entity1 -years). Twenty-seven percent of herpesvirus @entity281 disseminated on the skin but none disseminated to internal organs. @entity55 or @entity2259 was present in 88% of @entity1 who died of @entity281 . Only three @entity1 had invasive @entity364 . @entity580 accounted for 19% of cutaneous @entity2348 , 59% of @entity2259 , 62% of @entity55 , and 88% of @entity281 leading to @entity204 . By logistic and @entity797 regression, the presence of extracutaneous involvement with @entity706 was the most important independent risk factor for recurrent @entity4577 (risk ratio [RR], 12; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.2 to 120), disseminated @entity16541 (RR, 28; 95% CI, 2.7 to 290), @entity281 (RR, 5.5; 95% CI, 1.7 to 18), and @entity204 from @entity281 (RR, 15; 95% CI, 3.6 to 64). CONCLUSIONS: Community-acquired @entity4577 are a common cause of morbidity in @entity1 with @entity3217 fungoides and S  zary syndrome but are usually treated without hospital admission. @entity2259 and @entity55 , which are usually nosocomial, are the major infectious causes of @entity204 . @entity1442 stage, independent of corticosteroids and other therapies, is the most important risk factor for both @entity281 .

title: Infections complicating XXXX fungoides and S  zary syndrome.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity778 :: ('MESH:D015658', 'Disease') :: ['cutaneous herpes simplex virus and herpes zoster virus infection']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia', 'pneumonias', 'Pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity16541 :: ('MESH:D006566', 'Disease') :: ['herpesvirus infection']

entities_list: @entity2348 :: ('MESH:D001424', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial infection', 'bacterial infections']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['cutaneous and systemic infections', 'infection', 'cutaneous and visceral infections', 'infections', 'bloodstream infection']

entities_list: @entity364 :: ('MESH:D009181', 'Disease') :: ['fungal or protozoal infection']

entities_list: @entity1442 :: ('MESH:D020178', 'Disease') :: ['Advanced disease']

entities_list: @entity4577 :: ('MESH:D017192', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial skin infection', 'bacterial skin infections']

entities_list: @entity580 :: ('MESH:D003428', 'Disease') :: ['Nosocomial infections', 'nosocomial infections']

entities_list: @entity2259 :: ('MESH:D016470', 'Disease') :: ['bacteremias', 'bacteremia', 'Bacteremia']

answer: @entity3217 :: (MESH:D015821,Disease) :: ['mycosis']


abstract: @entity56106 -type @entity61218 ( @entity40420 , betulin, and @entity11983 ) are natural products isolated from various plant sources. The @entity6399 exhibit a vast spectrum of biological activity and are applied in therapies for different diseases, among which the anticancer, anti- @entity778 , antihypercholesteremic, and antiinflammatory are the most promising. These chemicals possess amphiphilic structure and were proved to interact strongly with biomembranes, which can be the key stage in their mechanism of action. In our studies, we applied Langmuir monolayers as versatile models of biomembranes. It turned out that the three investigated @entity6399 are capable of stable monolayer formation; however, these monolayers differ profoundly regarding their physicochemical characteristics. In our research, we applied the Langmuir technique (surface pressure-mean molecular area (  -A) isotherm registration) coupled with Brewster angle microscopy (BAM), but the main focus was on the synchrotron radiation scattering method, grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXD), which provides information on the amphiphilic molecule ordering in the angstr  m scale. It was proved that all the investigated @entity6399 form crystalline phases in their monolayers. In the case of @entity40420 , only the closely packed upright phase was observed, whereas for betulin and @entity11983 , the phase situation was more complex. @entity11983 molecules can be organized in an upright phase, which is crystalline, and in a tilted phase, which is amorphous. The betulin film is a conglomerate of an upright crystalline monolayer phase, tilted amorphous monolayer phase, and a crystalline tilted bilayer. In our paper, we discuss the factors leading to the formation of the observed phases and the implications of our results to the therapeutic applications of the native @entity56106 -type @entity10114 .

title: XXXX -type @entity61218 in Langmuir monolayers: a synchrotron radiation scattering study.

entities_list: @entity11983 :: ('MESH:C002070', 'Chemical') :: ['Betulinic acid', 'betulinic acid']

entities_list: @entity6399 :: ('MESH:D013729', 'Chemical') :: ['terpenes']

entities_list: @entity56106 :: ('MESH:C480546', 'Chemical') :: ['lupane', 'Lupane']

entities_list: @entity10114 :: ('MESH:D014315', 'Chemical') :: ['triterpenes']

entities_list: @entity61218 :: ('MESH:D053978', 'Chemical') :: ['pentacyclic triterpenes']

answer: @entity56106 :: (MESH:C480546,Chemical) :: ['Lupane']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Aeromedical transport (AMT) is an effective but costly means of rescuing critically injured @entity1 . Although studies have shown that it improves survival to hospital discharge compared with ground transportation, an efficient threshold or universal criteria for this mode of transport remains to be established. Herein, we examined the effect of implementing a @entity130 Advisory Committee ( @entity11636 ) initiative focused on reducing AMT overtriage (OT) rates. METHODS: @entity11636 outreach coordinators implemented a process improvement (PI) initiative and collected data prospectively from January 2007 to December 2011. OT was defined as @entity1 who were airlifted from scene and later discharged from the emergency department. Serving as liaisons to surrounding counties, @entity11636 outreach coordinators conducted quarterly PI meetings with local emergency medical service agencies. @entity1 were grouped into those who were airlifted from @entity11636 counties versus counties outside @entity11636 's jurisdiction (non- @entity11636 ). Standard statistical methods were used. RESULTS: From 2007 to 2011, 3,349 @entity1 were airlifted from 30 counties, 1,427 (43%) from @entity11636 counties and 1,922 (57%) from non- @entity11636 counties. The OT rates from @entity11636 counties declined compared with non- @entity11636 counties each year and reached statistical significance in 2008 (17% vs. 23%, p < 0.05), 2009 (11% vs. 17%m p < 0.05), and 2011 (6% vs. 12%, p < 0.05). The reduction in OT continued over the study duration, with improvement in @entity11636 counties compared with previous years. CONCLUSION: Implementation of a regional @entity11636 PI initiative focused on OT issues led to a more efficient use of AMT. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Prognostic study, level III; therapeutic study, level IV.

title: Improving overtriage of aeromedical transport in XXXX : a regional process improvement initiative.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['trauma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity3562 is commonly observed in @entity309 ( @entity309 ) @entity1 , thus putatively accounting in part for the high rate of cardiovascular events in these subjects. @entity1255 ( @entity5784 ) is known to exert a pro-inflammatory effect putatively contributing to the progression of @entity731 by cytokine production from several vascular cell-types. In order to evaluate the possibility that @entity5784 may play a direct pro-inflammatory activity also in the joints of @entity309 @entity1 , we investigated: (i) the joint concentration of @entity5784 , and (ii) the effect of @entity5784 on cytokine production by unstimulated and @entity1356 -stimulated @entity1 @entity309 cultured synoviocytes. METHODS: In 5 @entity309 and 5 controls subjects, @entity5784 was measured in the blood and knee synovial fluid, and specimens of synovial tissue were taken to obtain cell cultures. Cultures were incubated with @entity5784 (10-100 micromol/l) +/- @entity1356 , and @entity650 and @entity687 concentrations were evaluated in the supernatants (ELISA) together with the activation of nuclear factor-kB (NF-kB) (immunocytochemistry). RESULTS: @entity5784 was present in synovial fluids, with a mean concentration significantly higher in @entity309 @entity1 than in controls (9.0 +/- 1.1 vs 5.9 +/- 1.2 micromol/l). @entity5784 enhanced @entity650 and @entity687 production in @entity309 synoviocytes only (up to 35%). Moreover, @entity5784 produced a clear-cut activation of NF-kB in rheumatoid cells only. CONCLUSION: @entity5784 enhances @entity1356 -dependent cytokine production by rheumatoid synoviocytes at a concentration measurable in @entity309 in vivo. Thus, in @entity309 @entity1 , @entity5784 may not only represent an important risk factor for the progression of @entity65 , but it may also contribute to the joint damage.

title: XXXX enhances cytokine production in cultured synoviocytes from @entity309 @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1255 :: ('MESH:D006710', 'Chemical') :: ['Homocysteine']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular diseases']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerotic lesions']

entities_list: @entity3562 :: ('MESH:D020138', 'Disease') :: ['Hyperhomocysteinemia']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['Rheumatoid Arthritis', 'RA joints', 'RA']

answer: @entity1255 :: (MESH:D006710,Chemical) :: ['Homocysteine']


abstract: The poor prognosis for primary @entity706 following conventional radiation therapy has generally been attributed to high local relapse rates despite initial local control. Hyperfractionated radiation therapy may improve the therapeutic ratio by allowing higher total radiation doses to be prescribed without exceeding the radiation tolerance of the central nervous system (CNS). Eight @entity1 entered a study of hyperfractionated whole brain irradiation (HWBI) between October 1988 and May 1991. The prescribed dose was 64.8 Gy in 54 fractions over 5.5 weeks. All @entity1 were followed clinically and with computed tomographic scanning. Additional investigations to discriminate between @entity706 and radionecrosis included magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), thallium-201 single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), and immunocytological examination of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). A complete remission as seen on CT scan was achieved in all cases. The overall median survival was 102 weeks. Six @entity1 initially deteriorated neurologically without evidence of @entity5 recurrence. Three @entity1 have died without evidence of recurrence at 18, 62 and 128 weeks. As of 31 May 1992, three @entity1 remain alive, two with radiation @entity1545 at 147 and 184 weeks. @entity137 prompted study closure in September 1991. The hyperfractionation regimen used is reported by others to be free from significant morbidity. The pathogenesis of @entity706 ( @entity66 , angiotropism, @entity10220 ) may adversely affect CNS radiation tolerance.

title: Phase I study of hyperfractionated whole brain irradiation (HWBI) in the treatment of primary XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1545 :: ('MESH:D020214', 'Disease') :: ['brain injury']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['Treatment toxicity']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['diffuse disease']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral lymphoma', 'lymphoma recurrence', 'cerebral lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity10220 :: ('MESH:D018315', 'Disease') :: ['subependymal involvement']

answer: @entity706 :: (MESH:D008223,Disease) :: ['cerebral lymphoma']


abstract: The aim of this study was to review the long-term results of cytoreductive surgery in the treatment of advanced primary and recurrent @entity43 and @entity1377 of the peritoneum. Our goal was to identify clinical factors by which to select @entity1 likely to benefit from a comprehensive management plan. Clinical data of 28 females who underwent surgery were retrieved from a prospective database. Major cytoreductive procedures were possible in 25 @entity1 . Heated intraoperative or early postoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy was also used where appropriate. The median follow-up after cytoreduction was 26.9 months. The overall median survival after cytoreduction was 45.8 months. The prognostic indicators associated with a statistically significant impact on survival were the prior surgery score (P < 0.001), the @entity1939 ( @entity1939 ; P = 0.037), and response to chemotherapy prior to surgery (P = 0.012). Our findings suggest that cytoreductive surgery can be effective when combined with perioperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy. Results can be improved by excluding cases where @entity1939 seems unlikely. Extensive prior surgery without the protection of adjunctive intraperitoneal chemotherapy is associated with a poor prognosis. This may be due to disruption of anatomical planes leading to deep abdominal and pelvic dissemination intractable to further treatment.

title: Long-term results of cytoreductive surgery for advanced and recurrent XXXX and @entity1377 of the peritoneum.

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['epithelial ovarian cancers']

entities_list: @entity1377 :: ('MESH:D002291', 'Disease') :: ['papillary serous carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1939 :: ('MESH:D001766', 'Disease') :: ['CC', 'completeness of cytoreduction score']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['epithelial ovarian cancers']


abstract: AIM: Knowledge of female urinary and @entity250 after @entity5 treatment is limited. This study addresses this in relation to the use of preoperative radiotherapy, type of surgery and presence of @entity29 . METHOD: All living female @entity1 who underwent abdominoperineal resection (APR) or low anterior resection (LAR) for @entity5 in Denmark in 2001-2007 were identified. Validated questionnaires (the ICIQ-FLUTS and the SVQ) on urinary and sexual function were completed by 516 (75%) and 482 (72%) recurrence-free @entity1 in 2009. RESULTS: Urgency and @entity322 were reported by 77% and 63%. @entity2133 , @entity546 and reduced vaginal dimensions occurred in 72%, 53% and 29%, and 69% reported that they had little/no sexual desire. Preoperative radiotherapy was associated with voiding difficulties (OR=1.63, 95% CI 1.09-2.44), reduced vaginal dimensions (OR=4.77, 95% CI 1.97-11.55), @entity546 (OR=2.76, 95% CI 1.12-6.79), lack of desire (OR=2.22, 95% CI 1.09-4.53) and reduced sexual activity (OR=0.55, 95% CI 0.30-0.98). @entity1 undergoing APR had a higher risk of @entity546 (OR=2.61, 95% CI 1.00-6.85). @entity29 after LAR was associated with bladder storage difficulties (OR=1.64, 95% CI 1.01-2.65), @entity322 symptoms (OR=2.17, 95% CI 1.35-3.50), lack of sexual desire (OR=2.69, 95% CI 1.21-5.98), sexual inactivity (OR=0.48, 95% CI 0.24-0.96) and sexual dissatisfaction (OR=0.40, 95% CI 0.20-0.82). CONCLUSION: Female urinary and sexual problems are common after @entity5 treatment. Preoperative radiotherapy interferes with several aspects of urinary and sexual functioning. @entity29 after LAR is associated with @entity1973 and a @entity458 , activity and satisfaction. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Female urinary and @entity250 after resection with and without preoperative radiotherapy for XXXX : a population-based cross-sectional study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['incontinence']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['rectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity2133 :: ('MESH:D014987', 'Disease') :: ['Vaginal dryness']

entities_list: @entity1973 :: ('MESH:D001750', 'Disease') :: ['urinary dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['Bowel dysfunction', 'bowel dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['reduction in sexual desire']

entities_list: @entity546 :: ('MESH:D004414', 'Disease') :: ['dyspareunia']

entities_list: @entity250 :: ('MESH:D012735', 'Disease') :: ['sexual dysfunction']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['rectal cancer']


abstract: Large animal studies are an important step toward clinical translation of novel therapeutic approaches. We aimed to establish an @entity712 ( @entity712 ) model with a larger @entity583 ( @entity583 ) relative to previous studies, and characterize the functional and structural features of this model. An @entity583 was induced by occluding the proximal left anterior descending artery (LAD; n = 15) or the proximal left circumflex artery (LCx; n = 6) in Yorkshire @entity1707 . Three @entity1707 with sham procedures were also included. All @entity1707 underwent hemodynamic and echocardiographic assessments before @entity583 , at 1 mo, and 3 mo after @entity583 . Analyses of left ventricular (LV) myocardial mechanics by means of strains and torsion were performed using speckle-tracking echocardiography and compared between the groups. The proximal @entity583 approach induced larger @entity1188 sizes (14.2    3.2% vs. 10.6    1.9%, P = 0.03), depressed systolic function (LV ejection fraction; 39.8    7.5% vs. 54.1    4.6%, P < 0.001), and more LV remodeling (end-systolic volume index; 82    25 ml/m(2) vs. 51    18 ml/m(2), P = 0.02, LAD vs. LCx, respectively) compared with the LCx @entity583 approach without compromising the survival rate. At the papillary muscle level, echocardiographic strain analysis revealed no differences in radial and circumferential strain between LAD and LCx MIs. However, in contrast with the LCx @entity583 , the @entity583 resulted in significantly @entity6475 . The proximal @entity583 model induces more LV remodeling and depressed LV function relative to the LCx @entity583 model. Location of @entity583 significantly impacts the severity of @entity712 , thus careful consideration is required when choosing an @entity583 model for preclinical @entity712 studies.

title: Characterizing preclinical models of @entity712 : differences between LAD and LCx XXXX .

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['HF', 'ischemic heart failure']

entities_list: @entity6475 :: ('MESH:D013180', 'Disease') :: ['decreased longitudinal strain']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'MI', 'LAD MI']

answer: @entity1188 :: (MESH:D007238,Disease) :: ['infarctions']


abstract: Between 1983 and 1992, 44 @entity1 with early @entity356 underwent operative treatment. This group comprised 13.3 percent of all @entity1 with @entity356 operated on during this period. Every @entity1 underwent oesophago-gastro-duodenoscopy before operation. The indication for surgery was histologically confirmed @entity189 in 37 @entity1 , @entity548 in 2 @entity1 and @entity2275 unresponsive to medical treatment in 5 @entity1 . The @entity356 was limited to the mucosa in 28 cases and involved the submucosa in 16. Five @entity1 , one with mucosal and four with @entity356 had regional metastatic lymph node involvement. Life-table calculated @entity1 survival rate at 5 years, excluding the perioperative mortality, was 79.4 percent. CONCLUSIONS: 1. The prevalence of early @entity356 proved to be similar to previously published in West-Europe and United States. 2. If early @entity356 is limited only to the mucosa, regional metastatic lymph node is relatively rare. 3. @entity360 can be the first clinical sign of early @entity356 . 4. Therapy resistant @entity2275 requires surgery irrespective of the histological examination of the biopsy specimen.

title: [Early stage XXXX in Vas County].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['gastric haemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['Gastrointestinal bleeding']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer', 'gastric carcinoma', 'submucosal early gastric cancer']

entities_list: @entity2275 :: ('MESH:D013276', 'Disease') :: ['gastric ulcer']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['gastric cancer']


abstract: The occurrence of ossifying @entity627 during treatment with synthetic @entity4878 ( @entity18143 , @entity10211 and @entity14028 ) is a side-effect more and more frequently recorded. The authors report here a new case in a @entity1 with a severe @entity5144 . This observation is characterized by the size of ossifications on hips and lumbar spine which appeared after two years of etretinate therapy. The interest of this observation lies in the fact that ossifications occurred while the @entity1 was treated with long-term corticotherapy. The disease for which @entity4878 are prescribed does not seem to influence the occurrence of those lesions and it is likely that the responsibility of these molecules is entire. Lesions are enthesitis ossification. They are frequent during these treatments (average of 70%) after an average time of 24 to 36 months for etretinate and of 10 months for @entity10211 . Lesions are asymptomatic in about 50% of the cases. After discontinuation of treatment, lesions become quiescent and does not disappear. @entity2124 or abnormalities in @entity904 metabolism could play a role in the physiopathology of lesions.

title: [Hip and spinal ossification @entity627 induced by etretinate therapy in peripheral XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity14028 :: ('MESH:D017255', 'Chemical') :: ['acitretin']

entities_list: @entity627 :: ('MESH:D012216', 'Disease') :: ['enthesopathy']

entities_list: @entity4878 :: ('MESH:D012176', 'Chemical') :: ['retinoids']

entities_list: @entity904 :: ('MESH:D014801', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin A']

entities_list: @entity5144 :: ('MESH:D015535', 'Disease') :: ['psoriatic arthritis']

entities_list: @entity10211 :: ('MESH:D015474', 'Chemical') :: ['isotretinoin']

entities_list: @entity18143 :: ('MESH:D005050', 'Chemical') :: ['etretinate']

answer: @entity5144 :: (MESH:D015535,Disease) :: ['psoriatic arthritis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Predicting outcome after @entity131 ( @entity131 ) is notoriously difficult. Although it is recognised that milder @entity542 do not necessarily mean better outcomes, less is known about the factors that do enable early identification of @entity1 who are likely to recover well. OBJECTIVE: To develop and internally validate two prediction rules for identifying @entity1 who have the highest chance for good 6 month recovery. METHODS: A prospective cohort study was conducted among @entity1 with @entity131 admitted to the emergency department. Apart from @entity131 severity indices, a range of pre-, peri- and early post-injury variables were considered as potential predictors, including emotional and physical functioning. Logistic regression modelling was used to predict the absence of postconcussional symptoms (PCS) and full return to work (RTW). RESULTS: At follow-up, 64% of the 201 participating @entity1 reported full recovery. Based on our prediction rules, @entity1 without premorbid physical problems, low levels of PCS and post-traumatic stress early after injury had a 90% chance of remaining free of PCS. @entity1 with over 11 years of education, without @entity390 or @entity391 on admission, with no additional extracranial injuries and only low levels of @entity158 early after injury had a 90% chance of full RTW. The discriminative ability of the prediction models was satisfactory, with an area under the curve >0.70 after correction for optimism. CONCLUSIONS: Early identification of @entity1 with @entity131 who are likely to have good 6 month recovery was feasible on the basis of relatively simple prognostic models. A score chart was derived from the models to facilitate clinical application.

title: Early prediction of favourable recovery 6 months after XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['MTBI', 'mild traumatic brain injury']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['head injuries']

answer: @entity131 :: (MESH:D001930,Disease) :: ['mild traumatic brain injury']


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: Prospective, multicenter, randomized, controlled, investigational device exemption noninferiority trial. OBJECTIVE: To determine 2-year outcomes in @entity1 with intermittent @entity613 secondary to moderate @entity2649 ( @entity2649 ) who were treated with the Superion interspinous process spacer. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Interspinous spacers are a less-invasive treatment alternative compared with surgical decompression for @entity1 with @entity2649 unresponsive to conservative care. High-quality comparative data with these devices are lacking. METHODS: @entity1 presenting with intermittent @entity613 secondary to moderate @entity2649 who failed at least 6 months of nonsurgical management were randomly allocated to treatment with the Superion spacer or a control spacer (X-Stop) and followed for 2 years. RESULTS: A total of 391 randomized @entity1 were implanted with Superion (n = 190) or control (n = 201) spacers at 29 sites in the United States between August 2008 and December 2011. Implants were successfully implanted in 99.5% of @entity1 with Superion and 99.0% of control @entity1 . The primary composite endpoint of this study was met, which demonstrated that the Superion spacer was noninferior to the X-Stop spacer. @entity158 , the predominant @entity1 complaint, decreased in severity by 70% during 2 years in each group. Most (77%) @entity1 achieved @entity158 clinical success (improvement >= 20 mm) at 2 years. Back @entity158 clinical success (improvement >= 20 mm) was 68%, with no differences between groups. @entity717 Index clinical success (>= 15% point improvement) was achieved in 65% of @entity1 . The rates of complications and reoperations were similar between groups. CONCLUSION: The Superion interspinous process spacer relieves symptoms of intermittent @entity613 secondary to moderate @entity2649 in the majority of @entity1 through 2 years. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 2.

title: Superion Interspinous Process Spacer for Intermittent XXXX Secondary to Moderate Lumbar Spinal Stenosis: Two-Year Results From a Randomized Controlled FDA-IDE Pivotal Trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2649 :: ('MESH:C563613', 'Disease') :: ['LSS', 'lumbar spinal stenosis']

entities_list: @entity613 :: ('MESH:D007383', 'Disease') :: ['neurogenic claudication']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'leg pain', 'Leg pain']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['Oswestry Disability']

answer: @entity613 :: (MESH:D007383,Disease) :: ['Neurogenic Claudication']


abstract: @entity463 ( @entity463 ) is the most common aggressive @entity1313 with a median survival of approximately 1 year. In a search for novel molecular targets that could be therapeutically developed, our kinome-focused microarray analysis identified the MAP ( @entity23815 ( @entity23815 ) as an attractive theranostic candidate. @entity23815 overexpression was confirmed in both primary GBMs and @entity11 cell lines. Inhibition of @entity23815 activity in @entity463 cells by the small molecule @entity58937 suppressed @entity4043 phosphorylation, proliferation, and colony formation whereas concomitant treatment with @entity58937 and the @entity3470 inhibitor @entity3446 accentuated growth inhibition and cell-cycle arrest. siRNA-mediated knockdown of @entity23815 expression reduced proliferation of cells incubated with @entity3446 . Conversely, overexpression of full-length @entity23815 reduced @entity3446 -induced growth inhibition. Analysis of polysomal profiles revealed inhibition of translation in @entity58937 and @entity3446 -treated cells. Microarray analysis of total and polysomal RNA from @entity23815 -depleted @entity463 cells identified mRNAs involved in regulation of @entity2533 pathway. Translation of @entity2536 mRNA as well as @entity2533 -induced cell motility and @entity2277 expression was regulated by @entity23815 signaling. Tissue microarray analysis revealed a positive correlation between the immunohistochemical staining of @entity23815 and @entity2536 . Taken together, our findings offer insights into how @entity23815 pathways control translation of @entity5 -related mRNAs including @entity2536 , a key component of the @entity2533 signaling pathway. Furthermore, they suggest @entity23815 -controlled translational pathways in targeted strategies to more effectively treat @entity463 .

title: MAP kinase-interacting kinase 1 regulates XXXX -dependent @entity2533 signaling pathway in human @entity463 .

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['brain cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity23815 :: ('8569', 'Gene') :: ['mitogen-activated protein) kinase-interacting kinase 1', 'MNK1']

entities_list: @entity3446 :: ('MESH:D020123', 'Chemical') :: ['rapamycin']

entities_list: @entity463 :: ('MESH:D005909', 'Disease') :: ['GBM', 'Glioblastoma multiforme']

answer: @entity2536 :: (4087,Gene) :: ['SMAD2']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The packaging of genomic DNA into nucleosomes creates a barrier to transcription which can be relieved through @entity855 -dependent chromatin remodeling via complexes such as the switch/ @entity969 non-fermentable (SWI/SNF) chromatin remodeling complex. The SWI/SNF complex remodels chromatin via conformational or positional changes of nucleosomes, thereby altering the access of transcriptional machinery to target genes. The SWI/SNF complex has limited ability to bind to sequence-specific elements, and therefore its recruitment to target loci is believe to require interaction with DNA-associated transcription factors. The @entity34015 family of homeodomain transcription factors ( @entity34015 , @entity6733 and @entity60788 ) are essential for a number of developmental programs in the @entity19 . @entity34015 and @entity6733 also regulate intestinal homeostasis throughout life. Although a number of @entity34015 target genes have been identified, the basis by which @entity34015 members impact their transcription is poorly understood. We have found that @entity34015 members interact with the SWI/SNF complex and make direct contact with @entity51418 , a catalytic member of SWI/SNF. Both @entity6733 and @entity51418 co-occupy a number of @entity34015 target genes, and both factors are necessary for transcriptional regulation of such targets. Finally, @entity6733 and @entity51418 occupancy occurs coincident with chromatin remodeling at certain of these loci. Taken together, our findings suggest that @entity34015 transcription factors regulate target gene expression, in part, through recruitment of @entity51418 -associated SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling activity.

title: XXXX Regulates Gene Expression Through the Recruitment of @entity51418 -Associated SWI/SNF Chromatin Remodeling Activity.

entities_list: @entity969 :: ('MESH:D013395', 'Chemical') :: ['sucrose']

answer: @entity6733 :: (12591(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['Cdx2']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The degree of @entity3979 should be assessed both anatomically and functionally. We observed that the intensity of blood speckle (IBS) on intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) is low proximal to a @entity3979 , and high distal to the @entity850 . We defined step-up IBS as the distal minus the proximal IBS, and speculated that this new parameter could be used for the functional evaluation of @entity850 on IVUS. The aims of this study were to assess the relationships between step-up IBS and factors that affect coronary blood flow, and between step-up IBS and fractional flow reserve (FFR). METHODS AND RESULTS: This study enrolled 36 consecutive @entity1 with @entity951 who had a single moderate @entity850 in the left anterior descending artery. All @entity1 were evaluated by integrated backscatter IVUS and intracoronary pressure measurements. FFR was calculated from measurements using a coronary pressure wire during @entity450 . Conventional gray-scale IVUS images were recorded, and integrated backscatter was measured in three cross-sectional slices proximal and distal to the @entity850 . Step-up IBS was calculated as (mean distal integrated backscatter value) - (mean proximal integrated backscatter value). Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis showed that the heart rate (r = 0.45, P = 0.005), ejection fraction (r = -0.39, P = 0.01), and hemoglobin level (r = -0.32, P = 0.04) were independently correlated with step-up IBS, whereas proximal and distal IBS were not associated with these factors. There was a strong inverse correlation between step-up IBS and FFR (r = -0.84, P < 0.001), which remained significant on stepwise multiple linear regression analysis. CONCLUSIONS: The newly defined parameter of step-up IBS is potentially useful for the functional assessment of @entity3979 .

title: Increase in Ultrasonic Intensity of Blood Speckle across Moderate XXXX Is an Independent Predictor of Functional @entity3979 Measured by Fractional Flow Reserve: Pilot Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity450 :: ('MESH:D006940', 'Disease') :: ['hyperemia']

entities_list: @entity3979 :: ('MESH:D023921', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery stenosis']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

answer: @entity3979 :: (MESH:D023921,Disease) :: ['Coronary Artery Stenosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Although positive pleural lavage cytology (PLC) has been demonstrated to be closely associated with a poor prognosis for @entity1 with @entity2 , it has not been incorporated into the TNM staging system of the Union for International @entity5 Control. The aim of our study was to retrospectively examine the clinical significance of PLC status and illustrate the recommendations of the International Pleural Lavage Cytology Collaborators (IPLCC) in a large national database. METHODS: The Japanese Joint Committee of Lung @entity5 Registry database included 11,073 @entity1 with @entity1149 who underwent resections in 2004. We extracted the clinicopathologic data for 4171 @entity1 (37.3%) who underwent PLC. These @entity1 were staged according to the seventh edition of the Union for International @entity5 Control TNM classification and by recommendations of the IPLCC, in which T was singly upgraded up to a maximum of T4 for those who were PLC-positive. Prognoses based on these 2 systems were compared. RESULTS: A total of 217 @entity1 (5.2%) were PLC-positive, which was significantly associated with a higher incidence of @entity420 and @entity1442 . The 5-year survival for @entity1 with positive and negative PLC results were 44.5% and 72.8%, respectively, and this difference in survival was statistically significant (P  <  .001). Multivariate analysis showed that positive PLC status was an independent factor for a poor prognosis (hazard ratio, 1.57; P  <  .001). Significant differences in survival were also found between @entity1 with positive and negative PLC results in the same T categories and stages, including T2a, T3, stage IB, and stage IIIA. The  IPLCC recommendations adjusted the prognostic differences in all T categories and stages. The significant difference in survival disappeared between the 2 groups in all T categories and stages. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that a T category upgrade is prognostically adequate for @entity1 who are PLC-positive.

title: Prognostic value of intraoperative pleural lavage cytology for XXXX : The influence of positive pleural lavage cytology results on T classification.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cancer']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity1442 :: ('MESH:D020178', 'Disease') :: ['advanced disease']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']


abstract: @entity157 remains a challenging disease with a poor prognosis in terms of outcome and overall survival. Although resectional liver surgery remains the optimal treatment option, it is associated with a high incidence of intrahepatic recurrence. We present our experience of a new multimodality treatment approach for the management of @entity1 with @entity157 ( @entity157 ), consisting of liver resection in combination with induced targeting locoregional, pre- and post-operative, chemotherapy and immunotherapy in 20 @entity1 with @entity157 . Twenty @entity1 (15 male and 5 female) with @entity157 were included in the present study. All @entity1 had preoperative selective hepatic artery digital angiography, two courses of induced transarterial targeting locoregional chemotherapy and one series of 5 courses of targeting locoregional immunotherapy, at 20 days intervals. Three weeks later, all @entity1 underwent resectional liver surgery, one month after surgery, and at monthly intervals, all surviving @entity1 had 4 courses of transarterial induced targeting locoregional chemotherapy-immunotherapy. To treat persistent residual pathology in the liver remnant, additional courses of regional targeting chemotherapy-immunotherapy were carried out via the subcutaneously implanted pump in 5 @entity1 . All 20 @entity1 had major liver resection. Three @entity1 died from @entity1578 because of advanced liver @entity82 , 25, 29 ar d 32 days after surgery, respectively. Histology of the resected specimens revealed complete (n = 4) or advanced (n - 14) @entity5 @entity39 in 18 out of the 20 @entity1 . In the remaining 2 @entity1 moderate @entity5 @entity39 was confirmed. Postoperative residual pathology was seen in 7 @entity1 , but it was been eliminated in all of them after postoperative induced transarterial targeting locoregional chemotherapy-immunotherapy. Overall survival ranged from 6 to 20 months, mean survival 13 months. In conclusion, resectional liver surgery combined with pre- and post-operative induced targeting locoregional chemotherapy-immunotherapy is associated with promising results regarding possible decrease or elimination of intrahepatic recurrence of @entity157 after liver resection and satisfactory overall survival.

title: Pre- and post- operative adjuvant targeting locoregional chemotherapy combined with locoregional targeting immunostimulation and surgical resection for XXXX . A new promising alternative.

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity1578 :: ('MESH:D017093', 'Disease') :: ['liver failure']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'Hepatocellular carcinoma', 'hepatocellular carcinoma']

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']