abstract: The purpose of this study was to compare, in the same subjects, hormonal responses to 30-min @entity135 ( @entity135 ) and lower body suction (LBNP) of different intensity (24 degrees and 70 degrees, and 15 and 35 mm Hg, respectively). Basal pooled individual data from -10 min (n = 32) were within normal reference limits: @entity1063 (NE) averaged 318 +/- 23 pg/ml; @entity1425 , 34.0 +/- 5.5 pg/ml; plasma @entity916 activity (PRA), 0.72 +/- 0.08 ng ATII/ml/h; @entity1369 , 164 +/- 20 pg/ml; @entity8224 ( @entity8224 ), 29.9 +/- 2.0 pg/ml; @entity6708 , 6.29 +/- 0.59 mmol/l; @entity701 , 95.7 +/- 5.8 ng/ml; and ACTH, 50.3 +/- 2.6 pg/ml. The low-level stimuli failed to induce consistent changes in hormone levels. From the onset of the stimulus (minute 0) to its termination (minute 30), @entity1063 (NE) increased by 101% with LBNP-35, and by 70% with HUT70, respectively. The NE increase with LBNP-35 was higher (p < 0.05) than with HUT70. Epinephrine rose with HUT70 (by 162%) only. PRA increased by 157% with LBNP-35, and by 119% with HUT70, respectively; these responses were not significantly different. @entity1369 rose equally (by 85 and 89%) with LBNP-35 and HUT70 but not with the low-level stimuli. No consistent changes were observed in @entity8224 , @entity6708 or ACTH concentrations. @entity701 values fell during the LBNP and HUT24 situations but rose transiently after HUT70. We conclude that the hormones investigated respond differently to head-up posture and lower body suction and in a specific manner. Greater effects of high-level stimuli (HUT70, LBNP-35) were noted as compared to low-level stimuli (HUT24, LBNP-15). The application of combined sets of models stimulating the cardiovascular system may aid in the analysis of responses of hormonal systems in @entity1 .

title: Head-up tilt and lower body suction: comparison of hormone responses in healthy XXXX .

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head-up tilt', 'HUT']

entities_list: @entity1369 :: ('MESH:D000450', 'Chemical') :: ['Aldosterone', 'aldosterone']

entities_list: @entity8224 :: ('4878', 'Gene') :: ['ANP', 'atrial natriuretic peptide']

entities_list: @entity1425 :: ('MESH:D004837', 'Chemical') :: ['epinephrine']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['Cortisol', 'cortisol']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['norepinephrine']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['men']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The early detection of @entity4008 is crucial for successful outcome. @entity19978 , a potent inducer of increased vascular permeability, is released from activated neutrophils in severe @entity295 . OBJECTIVE: In this study we investigated whether @entity19978 levels in cerebrospinal fluid could be used as a diagnostic marker for acute @entity4008 . DESIGN: One prospective and one retrospective @entity1 cohort from two university hospitals in Sweden were analyzed. SETTING AND @entity1 : Cerebrospinal fluid samples were collected from 174 @entity1 with suspected @entity4767 . Thirty-seven @entity1 with acute community-acquired @entity4008 , four @entity1 with neurosurgical @entity4008 , 29 @entity1 with @entity1393 or @entity198 , seven @entity1 with @entity9144 , and 97 control @entity1 were included. INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Cerebrospinal fluid samples were analyzed for the concentrations of @entity19978 , @entity880 , protein, @entity413 , neutrophils, and mononuclear cells. @entity19978 levels were significantly higher (p < .01) in @entity1 with acute @entity4008 (median 376 ng/mL, range 12-858 ng/mL) than in @entity1 with @entity23798 (median 4.7 ng/mL, range 3.0-41 ng/mL) or @entity9144 (median 3.6 ng/mL, range 3.2-10 ng/mL) or in control @entity1 with a normal cerebrospinal fluid cell count (median 3.5 ng/mL, range 2.4-8.7 ng/mL). In the prospectively studied group, a @entity19978 concentration exceeding 20 ng/mL gave a sensitivity of 100%, a specificity of 99.2%, and positive and negative predictive values of 96.2% and 100%, respectively, in diagnosing acute @entity4008 . The area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve for @entity19978 was 0.994, which was higher than for the other investigated parameters. CONCLUSION: Elevated cerebrospinal fluid levels of @entity19978 distinguish between @entity1 with acute @entity4008 and @entity1 with other @entity4767 .

title: XXXX : a diagnostic marker of acute @entity4008 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity4767 :: ('MESH:D002494', 'Disease') :: ['central nervous system infection', 'central nervous system infections']

entities_list: @entity9144 :: ('MESH:D020852', 'Disease') :: ['neuroborreliosis']

entities_list: @entity198 :: ('MESH:D004660', 'Disease') :: ['encephalitis']

entities_list: @entity4008 :: ('MESH:D016920', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial meningitis']

entities_list: @entity23798 :: ('MESH:D020805', 'Disease') :: ['viral central nervous system infection']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity1393 :: ('MESH:D008587', 'Disease') :: ['viral meningitis']

entities_list: @entity19978 :: ('566', 'Gene') :: ['heparin-binding protein', 'Heparin-binding protein']

answer: @entity19978 :: (566,Gene) :: ['Heparin-binding protein']


abstract: Most studies of @entity137 ( @entity137 ) by polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) have supported oxidative lytic processes. This may be because the studies used nonhuman or nonneoplastic cells that were highly sensitive to reactive @entity26 species or were small enough to be phagocytosed by PMN. We therefore investigated whether @entity26 radicals participate in PMN @entity137 toward @entity1 neuroectodermal solid @entity5 cells sensitized by 3F8, which is an anti- @entity4163 GD2 murine @entity3172 monoclonal antibody with documented anticancer activity in @entity1 . A 4-h 51Cr release assay was used to assess @entity5 cell lysis by @entity273 , @entity224 , and @entity9784 . Nine of 11 GD2(+) @entity1 @entity320 and @entity521 cell lines had equal or greater resistance to these oxidants as compared to a GD2(-) @entity1 @entity189 line (SKBr1-III) found by others (and confirmed by us) to be significantly more resistant to oxidative lysis than a @entity19 cell line (P388D1) representative of those commonly used in @entity137 assays. To facilitate detection of oxidant-mediated lysis, subsequent studies of 3F8-mediated @entity137 used GD2(+) targets that were relatively sensitive and others that were relatively resistant to @entity26 radicals. Normal PMN and PMN obtained from @entity1 with chronic @entity738 , which do not generate reactive @entity26 species, were equally effective in @entity137 . Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, which primes oxidative responses of normal but not of chronic @entity738 PMN, enhanced @entity137 by both kinds of PMN. During @entity137 of 3F8-sensitized targets, with or without granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, GD2(-) "innocent bystander" @entity5 cells (including P388D1) were not lysed, a finding consistent with unimportant extracellular release of cytotoxic mediators. Finally, antioxidant and antimyeloperoxidase moieties did not block @entity137 . We conclude that oxidants are not key factors in 3F8-mediated lysis by PMN of @entity1 @entity4969 cells.

title: Clinically effective monoclonal antibody 3F8 mediates nonoxidative lysis of @entity1 XXXX cells by polymorphonuclear leukocytes.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'humans', 'human']

entities_list: @entity9784 :: ('MESH:D006997', 'Chemical') :: ['hypochlorite']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['ADCC', 'antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity', 'cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity738 :: ('MESH:D006099', 'Disease') :: ['granulomatous disease']

entities_list: @entity4969 :: ('MESH:D017599', 'Disease') :: ['neuroectodermal tumor']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity273 :: ('MESH:D006861', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrogen peroxide']

entities_list: @entity521 :: ('MESH:D009447', 'Disease') :: ['neuroblastoma']

entities_list: @entity4163 :: ('CHEBI:28892', 'Chemical') :: ['ganglioside']

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma']

answer: @entity4969 :: (MESH:D017599,Disease) :: ['neuroectodermal tumor']


abstract: An international, randomized, open-label, comparative study was undertaken in order to assess the efficacy and safety of @entity4580 and @entity2261 , short sequential vs standard sequential therapy, respectively, in the treatment of @entity1 with @entity497 ( @entity497 ). 180 adult @entity1 were included in the study. 89 @entity1 received @entity4580 500 mg intravenously (i.v.) once daily for 1-4 days followed by @entity4580 500 mg orally once daily for 3 days. 91 @entity1 received @entity2261 1.5 g i.v. three times daily for 1-4 days followed by @entity9127 500 mg orally twice daily for 7 days. Clinical efficacy was achieved in 67/82 (81.7%) @entity1 treated with @entity4580 , and in 73/89 (82.0%) @entity1 treated with @entity2261 . The mean duration of total (i.v. and oral) therapy was significantly shorter for the @entity4580 group than for the @entity2261 group (6.2 days vs 10.1 days). Adverse events were recorded in 38.2% of @entity1 treated with @entity4580 , and in 29.7% of @entity1 treated with @entity2261 (p = 0.20). Shorter sequential i.v.-to-oral @entity4580 therapy of @entity1 with @entity497 was as effective as standard sequential i.v.-to-oral @entity2261 therapy.

title: Clinical efficacy and safety of a short regimen of @entity4580 sequential therapy vs standard @entity2261 sequential therapy in the treatment of XXXX : an international, randomized, open-label study.

entities_list: @entity2261 :: ('MESH:D002444', 'Chemical') :: ['cefuroxime']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4580 :: ('MESH:D017963', 'Chemical') :: ['azithromycin']

entities_list: @entity497 :: ('MESH:D003147', 'Disease') :: ['CAP', 'community-acquired pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity9127 :: ('MESH:C040738', 'Chemical') :: ['cefuroxime axetil']

answer: @entity497 :: (MESH:D003147,Disease) :: ['community-acquired pneumonia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Ventricular @entity353 surgery for @entity296 fails to improve cardiac output and is associated with a high incidence of recurrent @entity712 . Volume reduction surgery achieved by removing @entity2845 or @entity910 after @entity583 appears to be associated with better outcomes. The reasons for the differences in outcomes are not clear. METHODS AND RESULTS: The hemodynamic effect of the major forms of @entity353 surgery were predicted by using a composite model of the left ventricle in which 20% of the myocardium was given properties of either weak but contracting muscle, an @entity2845 , or a @entity910 ( @entity439 ). The end-systolic and end-diastolic pressure-volume relationships were determined numerically for each simulated operation. Any @entity353 procedure reduced chamber size, shifting end-systolic and end-diastolic pressure-volume relationships leftward. With resection of weak but contracting muscle, the leftward shift was greater for the end-diastolic than for the end-systolic pressure-volume relationship. Conversely, with resection of @entity910 , the leftward shift was greater for end-systolic than for end-diastolic pressure-volume relationships. In contrast, resection of stiff scar shifted the 2 relationships equally. The effect on overall pump function was indexed by the relationship between total ventricular mechanical work and end-diastolic pressure. There was a beneficial effect on this relationship of resecting @entity910 tissue, an equivocal effect of @entity2845 resection, and a negative effect of removing contracting myocardium. CONCLUSIONS: The effect of @entity353 surgery on overall ventricular pumping characteristics is determined by the differential effects on end-systolic and end-diastolic properties, which in turn are determined by the material properties of the region being removed.

title: Left ventricular XXXX surgery for @entity712 : a physiologic perspective.

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['volume reduction']

entities_list: @entity910 :: ('MESH:D004409', 'Disease') :: ['dyskinetic scar', 'dyskinetic', 'dyskinetic myocardium']

entities_list: @entity2845 :: ('MESH:D018476', 'Disease') :: ['akinetic scar', 'akinetic']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity353 :: (MESH:D015431,Disease) :: ['volume reduction']


abstract: This study was performed to give first insight into the effects of a single bout of exercise under field conditions on serum @entity3335 -activity (MPOa) in Standardbreds over a time interval of 48h. @entity3335 is an interesting parameter for the activity of leucocytes. Additionally @entity1234 ( @entity1865 ) as a parameter for oxidative stress in lipids was likewise evaluated. Blood samples were obtained from 20 trained Standardbreds before exercise (T0), and at 5min (T5min), 4h (T4h), 24h (T24h) and 48h (T48h) after exercise. Serum MPOa, @entity1865 , and common hematologic parameters were measured. Heart rate, locomotory speed, distance and exercise duration were continuously recorded during exercise. Exercise induced a significant increase in median values of serum MPOa with highest values at T5min, whereas the median of MPOa decreased to resting values at T24h. Mean serum @entity1865 values also increased significantly at T5min. Most hematologic parameters were significantly (p<0.05) affected by exercise. Results indicate that exercise influences median serum MPOa values. A contribution of MPO to the development of exercise-induced oxidative stress in lipids could not be demonstrated by formation of serum @entity1865 .

title: Exercise-induced alterations in serum XXXX in Standardbreds.

entities_list: @entity1234 :: ('MESH:D008315', 'Chemical') :: ['malondialdehyde']

entities_list: @entity3335 :: ('4353', 'Gene') :: ['Myeloperoxidase', 'myeloperoxidase']

answer: @entity3335 :: (4353,Gene) :: ['myeloperoxidase']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Although the plaque characteristics have been recognized in @entity1 with @entity583 ( @entity583 ), the plaque spatial distribution is not well clarified. Using color-mapping intravascular ultrasound (iMAP-IVUS), we examined culprit lesions to clarify plaque morphology, composition and spatial distribution of the sites of potential vulnerability. METHODS: Sixty-eight culprit lesions in 64 consecutive @entity583 @entity1 who underwent angiography and IVUS examinations before intervention were analyzed. Plaque morphology and composition were quantified with iMAP-IVUS. The spatial distribution of the sites of potential vulnerability was assessed with longitudinal reconstruction of the consecutive IVUS images. The plaque characteristics were also compared between ruptured and non-ruptured lesions, and between totally occlusive (TO) and non-TO lesions. RESULTS: The sites with maximum necrotic area (maxNA), maximum plaque burden (maxPB) and most severely narrowed (minimal luminal area, MLA) were recognized vulnerability. In the majority of cases, maxNA sites were proximal to the maxPB sites, and MLA sites were distal to the maxNA and maxPB sites. Ruptures usually occurred close to maxNA sites and proximal to maxPB and MLA sites. The average distance from the site of @entity397 to the maxNA site was 0.33    4.04 mm. @entity75 showed significant vessel remodeling, greater plaque volume, and greater lipidic volume compared to those of non-ruptured lesions. Both the length and plaque burden (PB) of TO lesions were greater than those of non-TO lesions. CONCLUSIONS: Instead of overlapping on maxPB sites, most maxNA sites are proximal to the maxPB sites and are the sites most likely to @entity397 . Plaque morphology and composition play critical roles in @entity397 and @entity1563 .

title: The Spatial Distribution of Plaque Vulnerabilities in XXXX with Acute @entity583 .

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['Ruptured lesions']

entities_list: @entity1563 :: ('MESH:D054059', 'Disease') :: ['coronary occlusion']

entities_list: @entity397 :: ('MESH:D012421', 'Disease') :: ['rupture', 'plaque rupture']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['AMI', 'acute myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The impact of @entity64 on white matter is poorly described in preclinical investigations mainly based on rodents with a low white (WM)/gray matter ratio. Using diffusion tensor imaging, we evaluated WM alterations and correlated them with sensorimotor deficits after @entity64 in the marmoset, a nonhuman primate that displays a WM/gray matter ratio close to that of @entity1 . METHODS: Marmosets underwent a transient @entity2806 (3-hour). Eight serial @entity7994 examinations were made during @entity63 and up to 45 days after reperfusion. The sensorimotor deficits were evaluated weekly over 45 days. To assess WM alterations, the SD of the angle of the first eigenvector projection was calculated in the cortex and in the internal and external capsules. The fiber-tracking approach was used to measure the number and the length of bundles. RESULTS: Changes in the apparent diffusion coefficient and the fractional anisotropy values were similar during the temporal evolution of the lesion in the marmoset model of @entity63 to that reported in @entity1 with @entity64 . Despite an absence of visible lesions on @entity58999 and diffusion tensor imaging at the chronic stage, diffusion tensor @entity7994 evidenced alterations in WM by the increase in the standard deviation of the angle of the first eigenvector projection in the cortex, internal and external capsules, and the decrease in the number of bundles of fibers tracked. The disruption of WM was strongly correlated with the chronic sensorimotor deficits. CONCLUSIONS: Despite an absence of a visible @entity2806 at the chronic stage, diffusion tensor @entity7994 revealed disorganization of WM, which probably underlies the persistence of functional deficits.

title: Diffusion tensor @entity7994 reveals chronic alterations in white matter despite the absence of a visible @entity2806 on conventional XXXX : a nonhuman primate study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic lesion', 'brain ischemia']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

answer: @entity7994 :: (78996,Gene) :: ['MRI']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of combined chemoradiotherapy or radiotherapy alone in elderly @entity1 with @entity418 to identify the best method of treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred and sixteen @entity1 with @entity418 aged 70 and older who received definitive radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy entered the study. @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ), disease-free survival (DFS) and treatment- related @entity137 were assessed. RESULTS: The median @entity1349 of the overall population was 17.9 months. For @entity1 treated with cCRT, @entity12818 and radiotherapy alone, the median @entity1349 was 22.3 months, 18.0 months and 12.4 months respectively(P=0.044). Median @entity1349 for @entity1 treated with radiotherapy dose >= 60Gy and <60Gy was 20.2 months and 10.9 months respectively (p=0.017). By univariate analysis, Chemoradiotherapy (include cCRT and @entity12818 ) and radiotherapy dose >= 60Gy were found to achieve higher survival rates compared with radiotherapy alone and radiotherapy dose <60Gy (P=0.015, P=0.017). By multivariate analysis, chemoradiotherapy (HR=1.645, P=0.022) and radiotherapy dose >= 60Gy (HR=1.642, P=0.025) were identified as independent prognostic factors of @entity1349 . CONCLUSIONS: Definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy could be considered as a feasible and effective treatment in @entity418 @entity1 aged 70 and older. Radiotherapy dose 60Gy is an effective treatment option compared with standard dose radiotherapy, while higher doses are not beneficial to improve survival.

title: Feasibility and efficacy of concurrent chemoradiotherapy in elderly XXXX with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a respective study of 116 cases from a single institution.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity418 :: ('MESH:D004938', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'Overall survival']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Purpose. To determine the clinical features, microbial profiles, treatment outcomes, and prognostic factors for endogenous @entity3225 (EBE). Methods. The medical records of 27 eyes of 21 @entity1 diagnosed with EBE for 11 years were reviewed. Collected data included age, site of infection, visual acuities (VAs), microbial profiles, and treatment regimen. Results. The mean age was 68.5 years. Gram-positive organisms accounted for 76.2%, while gram-negative ones accounted for 19.0%. @entity794 was the most common causative organism (52.3%) of which 72.7% was @entity3256 -resistant @entity794 . A final VA of >= 20/40 was achieved in 44% and 20/200 or better was in 64%. Eyes with initial VA of >= 20/200 (P = 0.003) and focal involvements (P = 0.011) had significantly better final VA. Initial VA (P = 0.001) and the interval between onset of ocular symptoms and intravitreal antibiotic injection (P = 0.097) were associated with final VA in eyes receiving intravitreal antibiotics. Conclusions. EBE is generally associated with poor visual outcome; however the prognosis may depend on initial VA, extent of ocular involvement, and an interval between onset of ocular symptoms and intravitreal antibiotic injection. Early diagnosis and early intravitreal injection supplement to systemic antibiotics might lead to a relatively good visual outcome.

title: An eleven-year retrospective study of endogenous XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3256 :: ('MESH:D008712', 'Chemical') :: ['methicillin']

entities_list: @entity3225 :: ('MESH:D009877', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial endophthalmitis']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus', 'S. aureus']

answer: @entity3225 :: (MESH:D009877,Disease) :: ['bacterial endophthalmitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The degree to which @entity1 with @entity161 show @entity73 and whether this neurocognitive insight affects treatment use or outcome is understudied. We aimed to examine neurocognitive insight among a treatment-seeking sample of @entity1 with @entity914 , and whether neurocognitive insight affected treatment utilization or outcome. METHOD: 69 individuals with @entity161 -spectrum disorders enrolled in a trial comparing Compensatory Cognitive Training (CCT) to standard pharmacotherapy. @entity1 with objective @entity73 were identified and grouped into "intact" vs. "impaired" neurocognitive insight groups. These groups were then compared via ANCOVA on three treatment utilization variables and six post-treatment cognitive/functional variables. RESULTS: 43 @entity1 demonstrated objective @entity73 . Among those individuals, 31 were considered to have intact neurocognitive insight and 12 showed @entity149 . These two groups did not differ on CCT attendance, satisfaction with the intervention, or self-reported cognitive strategy use at post-treatment. There were significant treatment group by neurocognitive insight group interactions for verbal memory and functional capacity outcomes, such that individuals with @entity149 who received treatment performed better than those who did not receive treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Even among individuals who self-select into a cognitive treatment study, many show minimal @entity73 . Impaired neurocognitive insight, however, was not associated with decreased treatment utilization, and was associated with positive treatment outcomes in some cognitive domains as well as functional capacity. As cognitive training treatments become increasingly available, @entity149 need not be a barrier to participation.

title: Neurocognitive insight, treatment utilization, and cognitive training outcomes in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'Participants', 'people']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment', 'awareness of cognitive dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity149 :: ('MESH:D002493', 'Disease') :: ['impaired neurocognitive insight']

entities_list: @entity914 :: ('MESH:D011618', 'Disease') :: ['psychotic disorders']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

answer: @entity161 :: (MESH:D012559,Disease) :: ['schizophrenia']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: e14552 Background: @entity136 is still standard chemotherapy in @entity788 . @entity788 @entity1 often have @entity3085 with body @entity353 . It had been reported that @entity7784 ( @entity8393 ) reduced proinflammatory cytokines, leading to improve inflammatory status of @entity3085 and attenuation of body @entity353 in @entity1 with advanced @entity788 (Barber, et al, 1999).We hypothesized that @entity8393 -enriched oral supplement may prevent @entity5 and prolong survival in advanced @entity788 with chemotherapy. The aim of this randomized study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of @entity136 with an @entity8393 enriched oral supplement compared with @entity136 monotherapy in @entity1 with unresectable advanced @entity788 . METHODS: This is a multicenter randomized phase II study. @entity1 will be randomized in a 2:1 ratio to Arm A or Arm B. In Arm A, 1,000mg/m(2) of @entity136 will be administered in a 30 minute intravenous infusion on days 1, 8, and 15. This cycle will be repeated every 4 weeks until disease progression. In addition, a maximum of 2 packs of an @entity8393 -enriched oral supplement (Prosure, Abbott) will be administered every day. Arm B @entity1 will receive @entity136 monotherapy. Major inclusion criteria include @entity1 over 20 years old with recurrent or unresectable @entity788 that is histologically verified, an ECOG PS of 0,1 or 2, sufficient oral intake. The primary endpoint is the evaluation of 1-year survival. The secondary endpoints are progression-free survival, response rate, adverse events, QOL evaluation, body weight and performance status. A sample size of 66 @entity1 was chosen on the basis of the randomized phase II selection design by Simon et al (1985). The design has a 78% correct selection probability if 1-year survival probabilities are 35% and 25% for two treatment arms. To date, 34 @entity1 have been enrolled.

title: Randomized phase II study of @entity136 monotherapy versus @entity136 with an @entity8393 -enriched oral supplement in advanced XXXX (YCOG001).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity7784 :: ('MESH:D015118', 'Chemical') :: ['eicosapentaenoic acid']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['Pancreatic cancer', 'pancreatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer cachexia']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['Gemcitabine', 'gemcitabine']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatic cancer']


abstract: Structural and phenotypic modifications of @entity35 thymocytes from birth up to one year of age, i.e. during maturation and at the beginning of the involutive process of the thymus are described. Since the biological significance and the mechanisms of thymic involution are still a matter of debate, this study aims at clarifying the complexity of the compensatory events occurring during this relatively neglected period of time. Thymuses from @entity35 were analyzed morphologically and morphometrically by light and electron microscopy. At the same time, thymocyte subsets, isolated from the same animals, were characterized by flow cytometry according to physical parameters and phenotypic markers. Results indicate that major changes occur during the first month from birth and from six months onward. In particular, already during the first weeks after birth, thymocytes undergo a slight reduction of mitoses associated with an increased number of apoptoses. Moreover, during the same period of time, flow cytometry revealed an expansion of small thymocytes and changes in thymocyte subsets such as increase of @entity11264 +CD8+ and @entity18895 +alpha(beta)TCR- and a decrease of @entity11264 -CD8-, @entity11264 -CD8+ cells. The thymus of adult @entity35 was characterized by time-dependent decrease of both mitoses and apoptoses, progressive physical disconnection among cells, increase of @entity39 and @entity82 . Around one year of age tissue changes were associated with a dramatic reduction of the population of large thymocytes and the rise of numerous small thymocytes that were unexpectedly negative for all tested markers. By contrast, medium-size thymocytes exhibited a marked decrease of @entity11264 +CD8+ and @entity18895 +alpha(beta)TCR- subsets. In conclusion, our data indicate that thymus undergoes, with time, a complex remodeling and suggest that thymic involution is not only a simple shrinkage of the organ but rather the result of a series of compensatory mechanisms among different cell populations in a setting of progressive involution.

title: Age-dependent remodeling of XXXX thymus. Morphological and cytofluorimetric analysis from birth up to one year of age.

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrotic areas']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['rat', 'Sprague-Dawley rats', 'rats']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: Many methods to measure corneal elasticity destroy the tissue and thereby produce erroneous results. Holographic interferometry, a highly precise nondestructive optical comparison technique, was used to evaluate corneal elasticity of @entity735 . A double-pulse holographic interferometer operating at 632.8 nm was used to measure corneal deformation in 20 whole-globe eyes from donors 45 to 83 years of age for intraocular pressures from 16 mm Hg to 21 mm Hg. Stress was computed from LaPlace's law, and arc length strain was derived from z-axis distention of the central @entity267 . The stress-strain relationship in the normal physiological range of intraocular pressure was linear with a Young's elastic modulus of 1.03 gigapascals for the central @entity267 (r = 0.999). During interferometry of radial keratotomy of the @entity267 , interference fringe patterns developed in association with each incision as it was made. When four incisions were placed deep along each of the primary semimeridians, the fringe pattern developed as expected, based on current keratotomy models. When incisions were shallow (approximately 50% depth) and placed asymmetrically along the nasal, temporal, and superior semimeridians, the resulting surface strain was symmetrical about the central @entity267 , forming an annular pattern of interference fringes. These results indicate that when the @entity267 was stressed at physiological pressures as part of the intact whole globe, it was less elastic than excised corneal tissue tested by strip extensiometry. Radially incised corneas demonstrated strain patterns suggestive of inherent structural anisotropy with a possible inferior @entity425 .

title: Holographic interferometry of intact and radially incised human XXXX .

entities_list: @entity735 :: ('MESH:D005124', 'Disease') :: ['intact eye-bank eyes']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['quadrant weakness']

answer: @entity735 :: (MESH:D005124,Disease) :: ['eye-bank corneas']


abstract: Dietary phytoestrogens are metabolized or converted in the gastrointestinal tract of ruminants, only limited knowledge exists on the extent and location of this conversion in vivo. The objective of this study was to quantify the gastro-intestinal metabolism of phytoestrogens in lactating dairy @entity291 fed silages with different botanical composition. Four lactating rumen cannulated Norwegian Red @entity291 were assigned to a 4   4 Latin square with 1 @entity291 per treatment period of 3 wk. The 4 treatment silages were prepared from grasslands with different botanical compositions: organically managed short-term timothy (Phleum pratense L.) and red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) ley (2 yr old: ORG-SG); organically managed long-term grassland with a high proportion of unsown species (6 yr old; ORG-LG); conventionally managed @entity5369 ( @entity5369 .) ley (CON-PR); and conventionally managed timothy ley (CON-TI). The herbages were cut, wilted, and preserved with additive in round bales, fed as a mix of the first and third cut at 90% of ad libitum intake, and contributed to 70% of the total dry matter intake. Milk, feed, omasal digesta, urine, and feces were collected at the end of each period and analyzed for the concentrations of phytoestrogens by using a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry technique. Concentration of total @entity6400 was highest in ORG-SG and lowest in CON-TI silage, whereas the content of total @entity16296 was highest in the grass silages. The @entity6400 were extensively metabolized in the rumen on all diets, and the recovery of @entity8137 and @entity8139 in omasum, mainly as @entity20788 , averaged 0.11 mg/mg. The apparent intestinal metabolism was less severe as, on average, 0.29 mg/mg of the omasal flow was recovered in feces. The plant @entity16296 were also strongly degraded in the rumen. However, the flow of @entity16296 to omasum and excretion in feces were, on average, 7.2- and 5.2-fold higher, respectively, than the intake of the plant @entity16296 @entity42357 and @entity41150 , known as precursors of @entity1 @entity16296 . Thus, excretion to milk could not be directly related to intake, implying that plant @entity16296 other than @entity42357 and @entity41150 in forage are precursors for @entity24215 production in the rumen and for its content in milk. @entity20788 followed mainly the flow of large particles out of the rumen, whereas the @entity1 @entity16296 were distributed between phases proportional to dry matter flow. The main metabolism of phytoestrogens occurred in the rumen and the main route of excretion was through feces and urine, with only a small part being excreted in milk. The concentration of phytoestrogens in milk can be manipulated through intake but the intermediate transfer capacity to milk appears to be limited by saturation.

title: Gastrointestinal metabolism of phytoestrogens in lactating dairy XXXX fed silages with different botanical composition.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian']

entities_list: @entity8137 :: ('MESH:C007768', 'Chemical') :: ['formononetin']

entities_list: @entity8139 :: ('MESH:C004742', 'Chemical') :: ['daidzein']

entities_list: @entity6400 :: ('MESH:D007529', 'Chemical') :: ['isoflavones']

entities_list: @entity41150 :: ('MESH:C060283', 'Chemical') :: ['secoisolariciresinol']

entities_list: @entity5369 :: ('4522', 'Species') :: ['perennial ryegrass', 'Lolium perenne L']

entities_list: @entity42357 :: ('MESH:C068935', 'Chemical') :: ['matairesinol']

entities_list: @entity24215 :: ('MESH:C029497', 'Chemical') :: ['enterolactone']

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['cows']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 showing perivascular epithelioid cell differentiation ( @entity1824 ) are uncommon @entity5 of the sinonasal tract. They are often misdiagnosed as @entity359 or a simple benign @entity5 or @entity1127 . We present a further case of a sinonasal @entity1824 and review the literature in an attempt to ascertain their malignant potential. METHODS: Published evidence on invasiveness and characteristics were defined on systematic review. MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched from 1966 and 1980, respectively, to week 3 of December 2010. Publications reporting @entity1824 or @entity359 were sought. Only those describing a sinonasal origin were included. Demographics, anatomic site, local invasion, recurrence rates, and mortality were recorded. A case report of a locally invasive intranasal @entity1824 is described. RESULTS: In addition to the case we present, 12 case reports were located (n = 13). The mean age of @entity1 was 59.6 (SD, 14.98 years) years. The location was within the right sinonasal tract in 54% of cases, the left sinonasal tract in 38% of cases, and not reported in 8% of cases. Treatment focused on local surgical excision and this was achieved endoscopically in 100% of cases. Recurrence rate was 8%. Mean follow-up was 17.4 (SD, 20.68 months) months. Invasion was noted in 23% of cases. There was a single death recorded. CONCLUSION: @entity1824 of the paranasal sinuses and skull base appear to have a biological behavior different from simple @entity359 reported elsewhere in the body. @entity1824 may be more intermediate or malignant in clinical behavior.

title: Sinonasal perivascular epithelioid cell XXXX : benign or malignant @entity5 ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1824 :: ('MESH:D054973', 'Disease') :: ['PEComas', 'PEComa']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Neoplasms', 'tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity359 :: ('MESH:D018207', 'Disease') :: ['benign angiomyolipomas', 'angiomyolipoma']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumor']


abstract: @entity41910 contributes to the calcium loss from bone and results in @entity170 and @entity4772 at final stage. @entity4772 is characterized with softening of bone secondary to defective bone mineralization. Here, we report a case of possible @entity4772 caused by prolonged lactation and severe @entity3147 in 35-year-old female. She was a housewife and her body mass index was 11.8 kg/m(2). She was diagnosed with severe @entity170 in regular health check-up 2 years ago, but did not take any medication. Nine months ago, she had been treated with anti- @entity378 medications for 6 month due to active @entity1907 . After complete remission of @entity1907 , she had lost her appetite severely. Furthermore, she felt gait difficulty and suffered from generalized @entity158 . On serologic examination, @entity3747 , @entity5886 , high alkaline phosphatase, low vitamin D3 and high parathyroid hormone level were seen. In the bone mineral density, Z-score from her lumbar spine was -6.5. She was treated with oral calcium and vitamin D3 intramuscularly. After 1 year treatment, she felt significant improvement in @entity158 and could walk alone. Also her serum calcium, phosphate and vitamin D3 level are all normalized.

title: A case of low bone mineral density with vitamin d deficiency due to prolonged lactation and severe XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3747 :: ('MESH:D006996', 'Disease') :: ['hypocalcemia']

entities_list: @entity4772 :: ('MESH:D010018', 'Disease') :: ['Osteomalacia', 'osteomalacia']

entities_list: @entity41910 :: ('MESH:D014808', 'Disease') :: ['Malnutrition associated vitamin D deficiency']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity5886 :: ('MESH:D017674', 'Disease') :: ['hypophosphatemia']

entities_list: @entity3147 :: ('MESH:D044342', 'Disease') :: ['malnutrition']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['bone pain']

entities_list: @entity378 :: ('MESH:D014376', 'Disease') :: ['tuberculosis']

entities_list: @entity1907 :: ('MESH:D014397', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary tuberculosis']

answer: @entity3147 :: (MESH:D044342,Disease) :: ['malnutrition']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We aimed to examine both the diagnostic modalities used to identify @entity1558 and their surgical management in an Ontario community hospital. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective chart review of the preoperative diagnostic tools used by 6 general surgeons for palpable and nonpalpable @entity1558 and considered the types of surgical procedures performed. @entity1 who underwent noncosmetic breast surgery in the year 2000 were included in the study (n = 180). RESULTS: Of the 182 @entity1558 , 89 (49%) were malignant. Of the 100 palpable @entity75 removed, @entity400 ( @entity400 ) was performed on 48. Positive FNABs in this study were highly predictive of @entity5 (100%). Only 1 core needle biopsy was performed on a palpable lesion. Of the 78 mammograms obtained for nonpalpable @entity75 , the @entity2286 (positive predictive value) of @entity5 for "suggestive" @entity75 was 100%, 75% for "suspicious" @entity75 , 40% for "probably benign" @entity75 , 0% for "benign" @entity75 and 37% for @entity75 categorized as "needs additional imaging." Other preoperative diagnostic tools used were ultrasonography (n = 44) and stereotactic biopsies (n = 3). Of the initial operations performed, 76 were lumpectomies and 88 were needle-localized biopsies. Only 15 @entity1 underwent initial definitive procedures, and of these 5 had positive margins and 8 had close (< or = 1-mm) margins. Positive margins were found in 35% of the needle-localized lumpectomies (61% had a close margin), in 60% of lumpectomies (75% had a close margin) and in 2 of the 5 lumpectomies with axillary node dissections done as first operations. Six frozen sections were obtained. Only 11% of surgical specimens were oriented for pathology. Reoperations were performed on 91% of @entity1 with @entity5 (or 67% with a close margin). CONCLUSIONS: Considerable variation existed between surgeons with regard to the types of preoperative diagnostic procedure used and operations performed. The rate of positive margins was high, which resulted in many reoperations.

title: Quality of diagnosis and surgical management of XXXX in a community hospital: room for improvement?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['lesions']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity400 :: ('MESH:D014202', 'Disease') :: ['fine needle aspiration biopsy', 'FNAB']

entities_list: @entity1558 :: ('MESH:D001941', 'Disease') :: ['breast lesions']

answer: @entity1558 :: (MESH:D001941,Disease) :: ['breast lesions']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity472 ( @entity472 ) is a structural @entity299 primarily associated with ageing. For @entity1 with multiple co-morbidities, surgical treatment may not be a safe or feasible option. Transcatheter @entity886 (TAVI) is indicated for @entity1 with symptomatic @entity472 who are at excessive risk for surgical valve replacement and are likely to derive significant benefit. Functional status can deteriorate during the time between referral and procedure because of the rapid disease progression of severe @entity472 and varying wait-times for treatment in Canada. AIMS: The purpose of this study was to examine changes in functional status between time of eligibility assessment and TAVI procedure date. METHODS: An exploratory prospective cohort study was conducted to evaluate changes in functional status including gait speed, frailty scores and cognitive status. RESULTS: Thirty-two @entity1 participated in the study with median age 81 years. Functional status declined between time of eligibility assessment and time of TAVI: gait speed increased by an average of 0.53 s (standard deviation (SD)=1.0, p=0.01) and frailty scores increased by an average of 0.31 (SD=0.64, p=0.01). @entity1 waiting longer than six weeks for TAVI had a larger decline in gait speed than @entity1 waiting less than six weeks (p=0.02). @entity1 living alone had a larger increase in frailty scores compared to @entity1 living with another adult (p=0.05). CONCLUSION: Older adults with life-limiting @entity472 are vulnerable to changes in functional status. In the absence of TAVI wait-time benchmarks, findings may be used to facilitate individualized care and management strategies and inform health-care policy.

title: Exploring changes in functional status while waiting for transcatheter XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity472 :: ('MESH:D001024', 'Disease') :: ['AS', 'Aortic stenosis']

entities_list: @entity886 :: ('MESH:C563178', 'Disease') :: ['aortic valve implantation']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart disease']

answer: @entity886 :: (MESH:C563178,Disease) :: ['aortic valve implantation']


abstract: Traumatic @entity1781 (TONL) still pose a large clinical problem concerning early detection and treatment. Neuro-ophthalmology provides reliable tests to detect afferent lesions but these methods are limited to just 30% of the severely injured @entity1 . Especially in the @entity1 with @entity1230 , @entity18489 are hardly predictable. In the latter group we established well-known neurophysiological methods for early detection of afferent disorders of the visual pathway, i.e. flash-VEP ERG. Apart from these diagnostic problems of TONL, controversy still surrounds the appropriate treatment of TONL--whether conservative or surgical or even combined treatment should be advocated. Our aim was to establish a reliable diagnostic schedule, based on the combination of neuro-ophthalmological, spiral-CT and clinical findings, and a treatment plan, so that in any @entity1 there is a distinct guideline as to whether there is a need for early treatment of the peripheral visual pathway or not. In 52 @entity1 who were assessed by the above-mentioned schedule, we could detect any of the 20 afferent disorders of the peripheral visual pathway. Although it is difficult to prove therapeutic effects on the injured optic nerve, immediate combined conservative treatment plus @entity1781 helped in three @entity1 , who reported unilaterally no light-perception at admission, to regain at least partial recovery of afferent function of the visual pathway. Most of the @entity130 units still handle the problem of @entity18489 with a 'wait and see' policy. This is not regarded as an up-to-date option, since there are alternatives, and these will be outlined.

title: [Interdisciplinary diagnosis and therapy of traumatic XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity18489 :: ('MESH:D020221', 'Disease') :: ['optic nerve trauma', 'optic nerve injuries']

entities_list: @entity1781 :: ('MESH:D009901', 'Disease') :: ['optic nerve lesions', 'optic nerve decompression']

entities_list: @entity1230 :: ('MESH:D009104', 'Disease') :: ['multiple injuries']

answer: @entity1781 :: (MESH:D009901,Disease) :: ['optic nerve damage']


abstract: PURPOSE: Neoadjuvant chemoradiation is an alternative to the surgery-first approach for resectable @entity788 ( @entity2461 ) and represents the standard of care for borderline resectable (BLR). MATERIALS AND METHODS: All @entity1 with resectable and BLR @entity2461 treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiation using IMRT between 1/2009 and 11/2011 were reviewed. @entity1 were treated to a customized CTV which included the primary mass and regional vessels. RESULTS: Neoadjuvant chemoradiation was completed in 69 @entity1 (39 BLR and 30 resectable). Induction chemotherapy was used in 32 (82%) of the 39 @entity1 with BLR disease prior to chemoXRT. All resectable @entity1 were treated with chemoXRT alone. Following neoadjuvant treatment, 48 (70%) of the 69 @entity1 underwent successful pancreatic resection with 47 (98%) being margin negative (RO). In 30 of the BLR @entity1 who had arterial abutment or SMV occlusion, 19 (63%) were surgically resected and all had RO resections. The cumulative incidence of local failure at 1 and 2 years was 2% (95% CI 0-6%) and 9% (95% CI 0.6-17%) respectively. The median overall survival for all @entity1 , @entity1 undergoing resection, and @entity1 without resection were 20, 26 and 11 months respectively. Sixteen (23%) of the 69 @entity1 are alive without disease with a median follow-up of 47 months (36-60). CONCLUSION: Neoadjuvant chemoXRT can facilitate a margin negative resection in @entity1 with localized PCa.

title: Neoadjuvant chemoradiation with IMRT in resectable and borderline resectable XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatic cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to confirm the safety and feasibility of video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) for primary @entity2 and to compare prognoses with that of conventional procedures, and then to examine whether VATS would supplant a conventional thoracotomy for @entity5 . METHODS: From September 1995 through March 2002, 144 @entity1 with primary @entity2 , included 118 @entity1 with postoperative stage I, underwent VATS lobectomy. We reviewed the previous cases whether they could be candidates for VATS lobectomy according to present indications. 166 cases were supposed to be candidates for VATS, and 121 cases of postoperative stage I disease were recruited into the "conventional thoracotomy" group. RESULTS: There was no mortality or major complication except one case, and mean follow-up was 31.8 months in VATS. The number of removed lymph nodes was not significantly less than the number by conventional thoracotomy (p=0.061). Five-year survival for @entity1 with pathological stage IA @entity420 was 92.4% (n=66) in VATS and 86.9% (n=50) in conventional thoracotomy, and a statistical significance could not be recognized (p=0.980). The length of hospital stay was significantly short in VATS lobectomy (p<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: VATS lobectomy for @entity5 can be performed safely with minimal morbidity, satisfying survival comparable with that of lobectomy through conventional thoracotomy. VATS approach is a feasible surgical technique for @entity1 with @entity5 .

title: Video-assisted @entity2 : is it a feasible operation for XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['stage I lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['stage I lung cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: In this study @entity1 with documented @entity301 ( @entity301 ; prior MI or CAD per catheterization) were tested for the association of various measures of emotional distress with Age at Initial @entity146 . METHODS: The measures were chosen because of a published track record at predicting mortality in this population. Females were oversampled to achieve equivalent numbers of each sex (n=50), and thus equivalent statistical power. In a subset of @entity1 (38 males and 32 females), Spouse/Friend Ketterer Stress Symptom Frequency Checklists (KSSFCs) were received. RESULTS: Females reported more @entity308 and @entity148 than males. However, spouses or friends reported more anger for males. Denial (spouse/friend minus self-ratings) was greater in males for all three scales of the KSSFC (Anger, P=.005; @entity308 , P=.024; @entity148 , P=.001). Although females showed the same trend, self and spouse or friend ratings of distress were significantly associated with Age at Initial @entity146 only in males. When split at the sample mean on the Spouse/Friend KSSFC AIAI (Anger) scale, Age at Initial @entity146 occurred 14.2 years earlier in males. CONCLUSIONS: Use of a significant other in assessing @entity2673 in males may confer greater accuracy, and therefore predictive power for clinical endpoints.

title: @entity1 deny and XXXX cry, but who dies? Do the wages of "denial" include early @entity301 ?

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['Diagnosis']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic coronary heart disease', 'ICHD']

entities_list: @entity2673 :: ('MESH:C535569', 'Disease') :: ['psychosocial/emotional distress']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['Anxiety', 'anxiety']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: The agar gel immunodiffusion test (AGIDT) is applied worldwide for the serological field diagnosis of ovine/caprine @entity45301 ( @entity37886 and @entity36323 @entity625 ). To a lesser extent, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) systems are in use. The sensitivity and specificity of available ELISA systems is strongly influenced by technical details. We present here an MVV-ELISA of high sensitivity, which is based on an antigen preparation containing a high amount of the major antigenic surface protein gp 135. This result was achieved by a simple and gentle purification method of antigen from whole virus. The test was applied to evaluate the seroprevalence of MVV-antibodies in herds derived from eleven farms located in the North-East of Germany. Furthermore, the antibody kinetics in experimentally infected @entity742 was investigated. The results were confirmed by internal controls and by immunoblot analysis of antibodies against p 28. The ELISA displayed significant differences between positive and negative results and identified up to 25% more seropositive samples than the AGIDT. Therefore, a final diagnosis of questionable AGIDT results was obtained. The specificity of results was confirmed by immunoblots with selected sera. We recommend to use the ELISA especially for screening of herds and for population controls. In addition, immunoblots are a valuable tool to test individual sera from specified cases.

title: [Comparative studies of XXXX diagnosis: immunodiffusion test, enzyme immunoassay, immunoblot].

entities_list: @entity45301 :: ('MESH:D016180', 'Disease') :: ['lentivirus infections']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['Arthritis-Encephalitis']

answer: @entity37886 :: (MESH:D016182,Disease) :: ['maedi-visna']


abstract: In January 2014, a programme of personalised invitations was launched in the Czech Republic, with the objective of inviting insured @entity1 to @entity5 screening programmes; namely @entity0 screening in @entity1 , and @entity14 screening both in @entity1 and @entity1 . This programme aims at strengthening the current @entity5 prevention programmes, and to increase the currently inadequate participation of the target population in these programmes; therefore, personalised invitations are sent to citizens who have not participated in these programmes for several years and therefore at risk of developing a serious disease. The project is coordinated by the Czech Ministry of Health in cooperation with the expert medical societies involved (gynaecology, gastroenterology, gastrointestinal oncology, diagnostic radiology, general practice), representatives of health care payers, and other experts nominated by the Minister of Health. All health care payers invite their clients (insured @entity1 ) to preventive check-ups, covering all examinations needed. The project has been realised with the assistance of financial resources from EU funds. This article describes the methodology of personalised invitations which has been implemented nationwide, its data background, and the first results of the project in the first half of 2014, when almost 1.3 million Czech citizens were invited.Key words: personalised invitation - screening - @entity5 - prevention - general practitioner - gynaecologist This study was supported by the project 36/14//NAP "Development and implementation of meth-odology for the evaluation of effectiveness of personalised invitations of citizens to @entity5 screening programmes" as part of the program--me of the Czech Ministry of Health "National action plans and conceptions". The authors declare they have no potential conflicts of interest concerning drugs, products, or   services used in the study. The Editorial Board declares that the manuscript met the ICMJE "uniform requirements" for biomedical papers.Submitted: 29. 8. 2014Accepted: 30. 9. 2014.

title: [Approach to populationbased screening in the czech republic, methodology and first results of the personalised invitation of citizens to XXXX screening programmes].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'persons', 'men']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer screening and cervical cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Intra-articular corticosteroid injection (IACI) of @entity5935 depot preparation is a popular procedure at the knee joint. Intra-articular corticosteroid injection in general could be associated with systemic effects including suppression of the @entity2339 . There are nearly no reports on the effect of IACI of @entity5935 at the knee joint on the @entity2339 . METHOD: Consecutive @entity1 attending the rheumatology or orthopedic clinic with osteoarthritic knee @entity158 who were not responding satisfactorily to medical and physical therapy were allocated to group 1 after consent and given IACI of 6 mg of @entity43756 / @entity17788 . After completion of this part, consecutive age- and sex-matched @entity1 were allocated to group 2 and given intra-articular injection of 60 mg of @entity4023 . Demographic, clinical, laboratory, and radiographic variables were documented. Just before the knee injection and 1, 2, 3, 4, and 8 weeks later, @entity1 had 1- g adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH) stimulation test. @entity1887 ( @entity1887 ) was defined as levels of less than 18   g/dL and lack of a rise of more than 6   g/dL in serum @entity701 level, 30 minutes after the ACTH stimulation test. @entity1 were blinded to the injected material, and all injections were ultrasound guided. RESULTS: Twenty @entity1 were enrolled in each group and equally divided between the 2 sexes. The mean age of the @entity1 was approximately 54 years in both groups. No significant difference in any variable was seen between the 2 groups. One @entity1 only from group 1 (the @entity5935 group) had @entity1887 3 weeks after the IACI compared to none in the control group (P > 0.9999). His serum @entity701 level 30 minutes after the ACTH stimulation was 17   g/dL, with a rise of 3   g/dL from baseline. CONCLUSION: Intra-articular corticosteroid injection of 6 mg of @entity43756 / @entity17788 at the knee joint was not significantly associated with @entity1887 at the time points tested.

title: The effect of intra-articular injection of XXXX / @entity17788 at the knee joint on the @entity2339 : a case-controlled study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity17788 :: ('MESH:C028994', 'Chemical') :: ['betamethasone sodium phosphate']

entities_list: @entity5935 :: ('MESH:D001623', 'Chemical') :: ['betamethasone']

entities_list: @entity1887 :: ('MESH:D000309', 'Disease') :: ['SAI', 'Secondary adrenal insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity2339 :: ('MESH:D007029', 'Disease') :: ['hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis']

entities_list: @entity43756 :: ('CHEBI:31275', 'Chemical') :: ['betamethasone acetate']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity4023 :: ('MESH:D006820', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium hyaluronate']

answer: @entity43756 :: (CHEBI:31275,Chemical) :: ['betamethasone acetate']


abstract: The formation of @entity462 - @entity47752 has recently become appreciated as a modification that links protein function to cellular oxidative status. @entity1 @entity16874 , a protein associated with inherited @entity304 , readily forms @entity462 - @entity47752 at a conserved @entity462 residue ( @entity2569 106 in @entity1 @entity16874 ). Mutation of @entity2569 106 causes the protein to lose its normal protective function in cell culture and model organisms. However, it is unknown whether the loss of @entity16874 protective function in these mutants is due to the absence of @entity2569 106 oxidation or the absence of the @entity462 residue itself. To address this question, we designed a series of substitutions at a proximal @entity367 residue ( @entity367 18) in @entity1 @entity16874 that alter the oxidative propensity of @entity2569 106 through changes in @entity3884 bonding. We show that two mutations, @entity61230 and @entity61231 , allow @entity2569 106 to be oxidized to @entity2569 106- @entity47752 under mild conditions. In contrast, the @entity61232 mutation stabilizes a @entity462 - @entity32124 that is readily reduced to the @entity1432 in solution and in vivo. We show that @entity61230 and @entity61231 can both partially substitute for wild-type @entity16874 using mitochondrial fission and cell viability assays. In contrast, the oxidatively impaired @entity61232 mutant behaves as an inactive @entity26220 mutant and fails to protect cells. We therefore conclude that formation of @entity2569 106- @entity47752 is a key modification that regulates the protective function of @entity16874 .

title: Formation of a stabilized cysteine sulfinic acid is critical for the mitochondrial function of the XXXX protein @entity16874 .

entities_list: @entity47752 :: ('CHEBI:29213', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfinic acid']

entities_list: @entity462 :: ('MESH:D003545', 'Chemical') :: ['cysteine']

entities_list: @entity3884 :: ('MESH:D006859', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrogen']

entities_list: @entity304 :: ('MESH:D010302', 'Disease') :: ['parkinsonism']

entities_list: @entity61231 :: ('p|SUB|E|18|Q', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['E18Q']

entities_list: @entity61230 :: ('p|SUB|E|18|N', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['E18N']

entities_list: @entity367 :: ('CHEBI:18237', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamic acid', 'Glu']

entities_list: @entity32124 :: ('CHEBI:37858', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfenic acid']

entities_list: @entity61232 :: ('p|SUB|E|18|D', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['E18D']

answer: @entity304 :: (MESH:D010302,Disease) :: ['parkinsonism']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In @entity814 ( @entity814 ), @entity815 -free @entity14890 supplements are the major source of dietary micronutrients. METHODS: Four hundred fifty-two retrospective annual/bi-annual non-fasting blood samples for nutritional markers (plasma @entity219 , @entity4259 , and serum @entity1501 ) from 78 subjects aged 1-16 years (median number of blood samples: 6, range 1-14) were analysed over 12 years. Longitudinal blood result data were available for 51 subjects (65%). The dietary intake from supplements was calculated. RESULTS: The median intakes of all of the micronutrients studied were >200% of the reference nutrient intakes (RNI). There was no statistical correlation between dietary intake and nutritional markers outside of the normal reference range (RR) except for @entity4259 , but there was a correlation between a lower plasma @entity219 , plasma @entity4259 and haemoglobin status and better blood @entity815 control in 1- to 4-year-old @entity1 . On at least one occasion, the individual plasma concentrations of @entity219 (71%, n = 54/76) and @entity4259 (21%, n = 16/75) were below the RR; however, the concentrations of @entity4259 (41%, n = 31/75) and serum @entity1501 (83%, n = 34/41) were also above the RR. Dietary intakes exceeded the upper tolerable intakes for @entity219 and @entity920 (32%, n = 25) and @entity1501 (65%, n = 51). Individual longitudinal data demonstrated little change in micronutrient status over time. CONCLUSIONS: In @entity814 , biochemical micronutrient deficiencies are common despite micronutrient intakes above the RNI. Further study of the nutritional profiling of @entity14890 supplements in @entity814 is needed.    2014 S. Karger AG, Basel.

title: The micronutrient status of @entity1 with XXXX on dietary treatment: an ongoing challenge.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity4259 :: ('MESH:D012643', 'Chemical') :: ['selenium']

entities_list: @entity814 :: ('MESH:D010661', 'Disease') :: ['PKU', 'phenylketonuria']

entities_list: @entity14890 :: ('CHEBI:15705', 'Chemical') :: ['L-amino acid']

entities_list: @entity815 :: ('CHEBI:28044', 'Chemical') :: ['phenylalanine']

answer: @entity814 :: (MESH:D010661,Disease) :: ['phenylketonuria']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Herpes @entity281 and @entity64 are highly prevalent in the general population; however, reports have presented inconsistent findings regarding the relationship between herpes @entity281 and @entity64 . In this meta-analysis, we aimed to clarify this association. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The PubMed and Embase databases were searched for studies published from their inception to January 2016. Two investigators independently extracted the data. The pooled relative risk (RR) was calculated using a random effects model. RESULTS: A total of 8 studies met the inclusion criteria. During the first 1 month after herpes @entity281 , the pooled RRs for @entity385 and @entity64 were 1.55 (95% CI, 1.46-1.65) and 1.70 (95% CI, 0.73-3.96), respectively, and within 3 months after infection, the corresponding RRs were 1.17 (95% CI, 1.12-1.23) and 2.05 (95% CI, 1.17-3.60), respectively. At 1 year and more than 1 year after herpes @entity281 , a significant relationship was not observed between herpes @entity281 and the incidence of @entity63 and @entity64 . Publication bias was not observed. CONCLUSION: The accumulated evidence generated from this systematic review indicates that an increased risk for @entity385 occurred in the short term after herpes @entity281 , whereas a significant relationship was not observed in the long term after infection. With respect to @entity64 , the association was not significant. With respect to @entity64 , the association between was not significant except within 3 months after a herpes @entity281 .

title: Herpes zoster and the risk of XXXX and @entity64 : A systematic review and meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['zoster infection']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'hemorrhagic stroke']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['ischemic']


abstract: We recently identified and characterized a protease present in rat serum which is capable of generating des(1-3) @entity2135 . In this study, we have investigated the effects of @entity2338 and replacement on the activity of this protease in rat serum and tissue extracts. Protease activity was significantly higher in sera from hypophysectomized (hypox) @entity35 than sham-operated @entity35 (P < 0.001) and GH treatment of hypox @entity35 ( @entity1 GH, 100 micrograms/100 g body weight i.p. for 10 days) significantly reduced the levels towards normal. The addition of @entity2135 to hypox rat serum to achieve @entity2135 concentrations comparable with or greater than that seen in normal rat serum had no effect on the measured protease activity. Protease activity was also detected in tissue extracts. The level of protease activity in the various tissues from sham-operated @entity35 demonstrated the following order: liver > testes > heart > skeletal muscle > lung > thymus > kidney > brain > spleen. In all tissue extracts examined, except that from the lung, the levels of protease activity were higher in extracts from hypox @entity35 compared with sham-operated @entity35 . The largest differences between tissue extracts from hypox and sham-operated @entity35 were seen in spleen (4-fold higher), kidney (2.27-fold), testes (1.55-fold) and heart (1.31-fold). In the liver, kidney and testes, GH treatment significantly reduced protease activity. Since the pattern of serum IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs) differ in hypox @entity35 compared with normal @entity35 , we determined whether these changes could result in enhanced serum binding of des(1-3) @entity2135 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Enzymatic conversion of XXXX to des(1-3) @entity2135 in rat serum and tissues: a further potential site of growth hormone regulation of @entity2135 action.

entities_list: @entity2338 :: ('MESH:D004393', 'Disease') :: ['GH deficiency']

answer: @entity2135 :: (24482(Tax:10116),Gene) :: ['IGF-I']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity1499 ( @entity1500 ) is used frequently as a disease modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD) for @entity309 ( @entity309 ), and @entity1 tend to continue taking this drug for longer periods than alternative single agents. The shape of the therapeutic response beyond one or 2 years, however, has not been fully studied. We examined the properties of the pure @entity1500 "therapeutic segment," that period that begins with start of @entity1500 and terminates when @entity1500 is discontinued or another DMARD is added, by observational study. METHODS: We studied new @entity1500 starts for the period 1988 through 1996 for 437 @entity1 from a parent cohort of 4253 @entity1 . @entity1 were drawn from 8 @entity625 , @entity627 , and Aging Medical Information System (ARAMIS) data centers: 2 community based populations; 2 private rheumatological practices; 2 university referral practices; and 2 university clinics for underserved minority urban populations. Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) Disability Index scores (0-3) were obtained prospectively each 6 months. RESULTS: At @entity1500 start, @entity1 had relatively long average disease duration of 16.7 years, and had moderately severe disability, with an initial HAQ mean disability score of 1.48. Over the 10 year period examined in the parent cohort of 4253 @entity1 (and thus irrespective of therapy), the prevalence of @entity1500 use rose from 19% to 45%, while mean HAQ disability declined from 1.34 to 1.11. This correspondence is consistent with an accrual of benefits from more frequent use of @entity1500 and other DMARD over this period. The @entity1500 therapeutic segment revealed a distinct shape. HAQ-Disability Index values began at 1.48 at baseline and declined to a maximal improvement of 1.23 at 30 months. This long period to maximum benefit may have been partly driven by a slow titration upward to an optimal dosage. After 42 months, disability for this population began to re-progress and reached 1.39 at 84 months, still below the pretreatment baseline. Re-progression to baseline was about 8 or more years. Cumulative disability averted with @entity1500 treatment for this population was roughly 1.30 disability-unit-years. CONCLUSION: @entity1500 treatment of @entity309 in practice differs substantially from common perception and appears suboptimal by being too little, too late, and too long to treatment change. A modification of the "sawtooth strategy" in which the disease is "ratcheted down" by change of @entity1500 therapy at 3 years or when re-progression has proceeded halfway to baseline, rather than waiting for return to baseline, is suggested by these data. Also suggested is the need for more rapid upward dosage titration and longer maintenance of an optimal or highest tolerated dosage. "Therapeutic segment" data provide insights into strategic approaches to management of @entity309 since they allow estimation of population aggregate properties such as time to maximum benefit and the time to return to baseline.

title: The methotrexate therapeutic response in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity627 :: ('MESH:D012216', 'Disease') :: ['Rheumatism']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['Arthritis']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['Methotrexate']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA']

answer: @entity309 :: (MESH:D001172,Disease) :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the benefits and the indications of performing a minilaparotomy during laparoscopic abdominal aortoiliac reconstructions. METHODS: This prospective study was approved by the Commission Consultative de Protection des Personnes dans la Recherche Biom  dicale of the University of Marseilles, and all @entity1 gave their informed consent. Between January 1998 and March 2000, 27 @entity1 (23 @entity1 ; 4 @entity1 ) with a mean age of 58.2 years (range, 42-76 years) underwent aortoaortic (n = 3), aortounifemoral (n = 4), or aortobifemoral (n = 20) bypass graft for @entity432 (n = 20), emboligenic @entity3665 (n = 1), or @entity1028 ( @entity1028 ) (n = 6). At the beginning of the trial, the decision was made to perform an intraoperative conversion to open surgery in case of @entity548 (group 0), when a totally laparoscopic procedure was possible (group I), or when a 6- to 8-cm supraumbilical minilaparotomy was needed in case of technical difficulty (group II). In each case of @entity1028 , the remaining lumbar arteries were controlled (group III); and for the last six @entity1 of this series (group IV), a minilaparotomy was systematically performed. RESULTS: One @entity1 was admitted with @entity881 and died on day 12 (3.7%) with a patent graft. One intraoperative conversion to open surgery (3.7%, group 0) was performed for @entity548 ; recovery was uneventful. Seven postoperative surgical procedures (26%) were necessary, including two cases of @entity548 because of @entity101 access. Seven procedures were totally laparoscopic (group I), and a minilaparotomy was performed in the other 19 cases, including seven cases of technical difficulty (group II). The mean operative and clamping times and the mean postoperative hospital stay were globally (P =.021) and individually (P < or =.016) significantly shorter in group IV when compared with those of the other three groups. Twenty @entity1 (74%) had a postoperative hospital stay of 6 days or less (3-6 days), with minimal complaints of @entity158 , tolerance of oral feeding on day 2, and mobilization on day 2 or 3. All bypass grafts remained patent after a mean follow-up of 11 months (1-26 months). CONCLUSION: With regard to the instrumentation presently available, this study shows the benefit of a minilaparotomy when performing a laparoscopic aortoaortic or aortofemoral bypass graft for the treatment of @entity432 and @entity1028 .

title: Laparoscopic aortoiliac surgery for aneurysm and XXXX : when should a minilaparotomy be performed?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding', 'aortic bleeding']

entities_list: @entity881 :: ('MESH:D009102', 'Disease') :: ['multiple organ failure']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['aortoiliac occlusive disease']

entities_list: @entity1028 :: ('MESH:D017544', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal aortic aneurysm', 'AAA']

answer: @entity432 :: (MESH:D001157,Disease) :: ['occlusive disease']


abstract: This study seeks to elucidate the prognostic predictors and outcomes of recurrent/progressive @entity1653 ( @entity1653 ). We reviewed our cohort of 39 recurrent/progressive @entity1653 (27 females, 69.2  %) and analyzed the results from the literature. Twenty-three @entity1 underwent reoperations, 2 received radiotherapy alone, and 14 declined any treatment. During a follow-up of 70.4  months, 7 @entity1 experienced a 2nd recurrence/progression (R/P) and 18 @entity1 died. In the 23 @entity1 , gross total resection (GTR), subtotal resection (STR), and partial resection (PR) were achieved in 8, 8, and 7 @entity1 , respectively. The percentage of the 2nd R/P-free survival of GTR, STR, and PR was 88  %, 67  %, and 40  %, respectively. The overall survival following the 1st R/P of GTR, STR, and PR was 88  %, 63  %, and 33  %, respectively. @entity1 rejecting treatment suffered from significantly poor overall survival (7  %; p   =   0.001) and short survival duration (42.0  months; p   =   0.016) compared with that of the @entity1 receiving treatment (67  % and 86.9  months). The GTR was the only independent favorable predictor. In the 21 included studies with 98 recurrent/progressive PCM @entity1 , 17 @entity1 presented with a 2nd R/P and 10 died of a 2nd R/P; @entity1 undergoing observation had a significantly poor @entity5 regrowth control rate compared with @entity1 undergoing surgery (p   =   0.004) or radiotherapy alone (p   <   0.001). Proactive treatment should be performed for @entity1 with recurrent/progressive @entity1653 . Observation can lead to relentless outcome. GTR as a preferential therapeutic strategy should be pursued as far as possible on the condition of minimal functional impairment.

title: Recurrent XXXX : clinical characteristics, management, and outcomes.

entities_list: @entity1653 :: ('MESH:D008579', 'Disease') :: ['petroclival meningiomas', 'PCMs']

answer: @entity1653 :: (MESH:D008579,Disease) :: ['petroclival meningiomas']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity1 with @entity1277 ( @entity1277 ) have difficulties with social functioning. One explanatory mechanism is a problem with over-sensitivity to rejection and/or low sensitivity to social reward. The aim of this study is to investigate attentional bias to facial stimuli in @entity1 with a lifetime diagnosis of @entity1277 and healthy controls (HCs) and to test whether these attentional biases are linked to adverse early experiences. METHODS: Forty-six @entity1 with a current diagnosis of @entity1277 (29 with @entity1278 ( @entity1278 ) and 17 with @entity1279 ( @entity1279 )), 22 @entity1 recovered from an @entity1277 (13 with past @entity1278 and nine with past @entity1279 ) and 50 HCs completed a dot-probe task with faces expressing rejection and acceptance. @entity1 reported on parental style and adverse early experiences. RESULTS: @entity1 with a lifetime diagnosis of @entity1277 show an attentional bias to rejecting faces and a difficulty disengaging attention from these stimuli. Also, they had a sustained attentional avoidance of accepting faces. HCs demonstrated the opposite attentional pattern. The attentional bias to rejection was correlated with adverse childhood experiences. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with an @entity1277 show vigilance to rejection and avoidance of social reward. This may contribute to the causation or maintenance of the illness.

title: Social reward and rejection sensitivity in XXXX : an investigation of attentional bias and early experiences.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Participants', 'people', 'People']

entities_list: @entity1277 :: ('MESH:D001068', 'Disease') :: ['EDs', 'eating disorders', 'eating disorder']

entities_list: @entity1278 :: ('MESH:D000856', 'Disease') :: ['anorexia nervosa', 'AN']

entities_list: @entity1279 :: ('MESH:D052018', 'Disease') :: ['bulimia nervosa', 'BN']

answer: @entity1277 :: (MESH:D001068,Disease) :: ['eating disorders']


abstract: The use of vacuum assisted closure (V.A.C.) therapy in @entity86 after dorsal spinal surgery was studied retrospectively. Successful treatment was defined as a stable healed wound that showed no signs of @entity281 . The treatment of the @entity2737 consisted of repeated debridement, irrigation and open wound treatment with temporary closure by V.A.C. The instrumentation was exchanged or removed if necessary. Fifteen @entity1 with deep @entity281 after posterior spinal surgery were treated. The implants were exchanged in seven cases, removed completely in five cases and left without changing in one case. In two cases spinal surgery consisted of laminectomy without instrumentation. In two cases only the wound defects were closed by muscle flap, the remaining ones were closed by delayed suturing. Antibiotic treatment was necessary in all cases. Follow up was possible in 14 @entity1 . One @entity1 showed a new infection after treatment. The study illustrates the usefulness of V.A.C. therapy as a new alternative management for wound conditioning of @entity615 after @entity281 .

title: Wound conditioning by vacuum assisted closure (V.A.C.) in XXXX after dorsal spine surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2737 :: ('MESH:D014946', 'Disease') :: ['infected back wounds']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['subfascial infections', 'acute or chronic infection', 'deep subfascial infection']

entities_list: @entity615 :: ('MESH:D001416', 'Disease') :: ['complex back wounds']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative infections']

answer: @entity86 :: (MESH:D019106,Disease) :: ['postoperative infections']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate characteristics and outcomes of @entity1 undergoing acupuncture treatment for @entity158 under conditions of routine care in the framework of statutory health insurance in Germany. METHODS: @entity1 with @entity1118 due to @entity571 ( @entity1479 -10 diagnoses M15 to M19) treated with acupuncture as the leading form of therapy were included in an observational study. Detailed questionnaires including instruments to measure @entity158 intensity (numerical rating scales from 0 to 10), disability ( @entity158 Disability Index) and quality of life (SF-36) were filled in before treatment, after treatment and at 6 months. @entity1 suffering from @entity626 and hip also filled in the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities (WOMAC) @entity571 Index questionnaire. RESULTS: A total of 736 @entity1 were included in the main analysis. Seventy (10%) @entity1 and 278 (38%) @entity1 , respectively, suffered exclusively from primary @entity570 or knee, 239 (33%) from another type of @entity571 and 149 (20%) had more than one affected joint. On average, @entity1 received 8.7 +/- 3.1 acupuncture treatments. Statistically significant and clinically relevant improvements were seen in all subgroups both after treatment and at 6 months in all major outcome measures. In @entity1 with @entity570 , the WOMAC sum score was 47.9 +/- 20.7 at baseline, 34.8 +/- 20.0 after treatment and 33.1 +/- 22.2 at 6 months. The respective values in @entity1 with @entity626 were 51.7 +/- 20.9, 34.1 +/- 23.3 and 34.6 +/- 25.1. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, @entity1 with @entity1118 due to @entity571 reported clinically relevant improvements after acupuncture treatment. Due to the uncontrolled design and the high proportion of @entity1 lost to follow-up, the study findings must be interpreted cautiously.

title: Acupuncture for XXXX : an observational study in routine care.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity626 :: ('MESH:D020370', 'Disease') :: ['osteoarthritis of the knee']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['Osteoarthritis', 'osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['Pain', 'osteoarthritic pain', 'pain']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain']

entities_list: @entity570 :: ('MESH:D015207', 'Disease') :: ['osteoarthritis of the hip']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['osteoarthritic pain']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In previous animal studies, preemptive treatments with @entity1024 ( @entity143 ) antagonists were ineffective at preventing incision-induced @entity1931 . It is very likely that the model was not clinically relevant for testing treatment effects on @entity282 . The beneficial effects of preemptive treatment can be verified only by treatments with a pharmacologically proven effect in a specific @entity158 type or animal model. We previously showed that @entity143 receptor antagonists effectively alleviate enhanced mechanical @entity1931 after @entity1411 in adult @entity35 that had been given an intraplantar injection of carrageenan as neonates. Here, using this modified model, we tested the efficacy of preemptive treatment with the @entity143 antagonist @entity3390 . METHODS: We injected @entity35 pups subcutaneously with 0.25% carrageenan or saline in the plantar surface of one hindpaw on postnatal day 1. On postnatal day 50, @entity35 were killed and the ipsilateral side of the lumbar spinal cords were harvested for biochemical analysis of the expression of @entity4476 and @entity4319 at baseline, 2 hours, 4 hours, 8 hours, and 24 hours after @entity1411 (n = 5 per group for each time point). For pharmacological study, @entity35 were allocated into one of the following groups: 1 intrathecal injection of 40 nmol @entity3390 15 minutes before @entity1411 , 1 intrathecal injection 30 minutes after @entity1411 , or 2 injections of 20 nmol or 40 nmol given at 15 minutes and 60 minutes after @entity1411 (n = 10 per group for neonatally saline-treated and 12 for carrageenan-treated @entity35 ). Paw withdrawal thresholds were measured with von Frey filaments, and weight-bearing percentages were measured hourly after @entity1411 . RESULTS: Expressions of @entity143 receptor subunits @entity4476 and @entity4319 were increased maximally 4 hours postoperatively and were significantly greater in carrageenan-treated @entity35 than in saline-treated @entity35 . Tests of @entity158 sensitivity showed that @entity3390 significantly alleviated the incision-induced mechanical @entity1931 and increased weight-bearing percentage on the injured paw in carrageenan-treated @entity35 . However, preincisional treatment was not superior to postincisional treatment as assessed during the 6-hour postoperative observation period. Groups with 2 successive postoperative injections exhibited prolonged analgesic effects. Only the group that received 2 postoperative injections and increased total dosage had improved analgesic indices. CONCLUSIONS: Under conditions of proven analgesic action of an @entity143 antagonist, we demonstrated that preincisional treatment is not more beneficial than postincisional treatment for @entity282 relief in the modified animal model. Increasing the duration of administration and/or total dosage had an incremental analgesic effect in comparison with a single injection.

title: Lack of beneficial effect for preemptive analgesia in @entity282 control: verifying the efficacy of preemptive analgesia with @entity1024 receptor antagonists in a modified animal model of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1024 :: ('CHEBI:31882', 'Chemical') :: ['N-methyl-d-aspartate']

entities_list: @entity1931 :: ('MESH:D006930', 'Disease') :: ['allodynia', 'hyperalgesia']

entities_list: @entity1411 :: ('MESH:D016523', 'Disease') :: ['plantar incision']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative pain']

answer: @entity282 :: (MESH:D010149,Disease) :: ['postoperative pain']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: To compare the safety and efficacy of @entity1937 and @entity1875 as adjuncts to regional anesthesia in @entity1 undergoing orthopedic or urogenital surgery. DESIGN: Prospective, randomized study. SETTING: Multicenter university hospitals. @entity1 : 107 ASA physical status I, II, and III adult @entity1 who underwent orthopedic or urogenital surgery with axillary, ankle, or spinal block. INTERVENTIONS: @entity1 were randomized to receive either an infusion of @entity1937 0.2 microg/kg/min or @entity1875 100 microg/kg/min 5 minutes before nerve block placement. The infusions were decreased by 50% on block completion, increased by 50% for @entity1 discomfort, and decreased by 50% for @entity3316 (< 8 breaths/min) or hemodynamic instability. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: @entity158 , discomfort, @entity148 , and sedation were assessed by both @entity1 and investigator. Vital signs and adverse events were recorded. Fewer @entity1 in the @entity1937 group experienced @entity158 during block placement (6%), and were oversedated (7%) than @entity1 in the @entity1875 group (23% and 26%, respectively; p < 0.05). @entity3316 during and after block placement (21% and 25%, respectively) and @entity390 and @entity391 during and after block placement (60% and 21%, respectively) were more common in the @entity1937 group than in the @entity1875 group (0% and 3%; 17% and 6%, respectively; p < 0.05). The incidence of @entity3316 in @entity1937 -treated @entity1 was higher in @entity1 over 65 years of age (p < 0.05), but was transient, resolving within minutes of discontinuing the infusion. CONCLUSIONS: At the doses studied, @entity1937 was more effective than @entity1875 in minimizing @entity158 without producing excessive sedation. @entity1937 was associated with more transient @entity1576 and short-term @entity390 . Our findings indicate that the initial @entity1937 rate should be 0.1 microg/kg/min (50% lower than the study's initial rate) and should be further decreased an additional 50% in the elderly to minimize adverse effects.

title: @entity1937 versus @entity1875 as adjuncts to regional anesthesia. XXXX 3010 Study Group.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity1875 :: ('MESH:D015742', 'Chemical') :: ['propofol']

entities_list: @entity3316 :: ('MESH:D007040', 'Disease') :: ['hypoventilation', 'Hypoventilation']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory depression']

entities_list: @entity1937 :: ('MESH:C071741', 'Chemical') :: ['remifentanil', 'Remifentanil']

answer: @entity1937 :: (MESH:C071741,Chemical) :: ['Remifentanil']


abstract: @entity1168 ( @entity1168 ) brachytherapy is one of the accepted treatment modalities in gastro-intestinal tract and @entity150 . Considering the shortcoming of contact brachytherapy routinely used in gastrointestinal tract in treatment of big @entity5 or invasive method of bladder treatment, an intraluminal applicator with the capability of insertion into the @entity5 depth seems to be useful. This study presents some dosimetric evaluations to introduce this applicator to the clinical use. The radiation attenuation characteristics of the applicator were evaluated by means of two dosimetric methods including well-type chamber and radiochromic film. The proposed 110 cm long applicator has a flexible structure made of stainless steel for easy passage through lumens and a needle tip to drill into big @entity5 . The 2mm diameter of the applicator is thick enough for source transition, while easy passage through any narrow lumen such as endoscope or cystoscope working channel is ensured. Well-chamber results showed an acceptably low attenuation of this steel springy applicator. Performing absolute dosimetry resulted in a correlation coefficient of R = 0.9916 (p-value     10-7) between standard interstitial applicator and the one proposed in this article. This study not only introduces a novel applicator with acceptable attenuation but also proves the response independency of the GAFCHROMIC EBT films to energy. By applying the dose response of the applicator in the treatment planning software, it can be used as a new intraluminal / interstitial applicator.

title: Dosimetric evaluation of a novel @entity1168 ( @entity1168 ) intraluminal / interstitial brachytherapy applicator for gastrointestinal and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity1168 :: ('MESH:D001919', 'Disease') :: ['High dose rate', 'HDR']

answer: @entity150 :: (MESH:D001749,Disease) :: ['bladder cancers']


abstract: Systemic thrombolysis is an effective therapy for @entity583 , since it restores coronary flow and contributes to preserve left ventricular function. We analyze our experience with intravenous thrombolytic therapy in 45 cases with @entity583 treated within 6 hours of onset of symptoms. 28 @entity1 had anterior and 17 inferior @entity583 . We treated 38 @entity1 with streptokinase 1 to 1.5 million units infused during a 30 to 60 minute period and 7 @entity1 with tissue plasminogen activator factor, 100 mg infused during 2 hours. Regression of @entity662 and ST segment elevation and early @entity9153 peaking (less than 4 hours) were utilized as criteria for reperfusion. Accordingly 29 @entity1 (64%) met these criteria. Coronary angiogram was performed within 7 days in 38 @entity1 . It disclosed a patent coronary artery in the infarcted area in 28 cases (74%). Transient @entity551 with thrombolytic therapy was observed in 17 @entity1 (38%) and @entity548 complications in 3 cases (7%). Two @entity1 (4%) died early after therapeutic failure. In summary we have confirmed that intravenous thrombolytic therapy is safe and effective in the early period of @entity583 and that is associated with a high incidence of clinical and angiographic reperfusion.

title: [Early systemic thrombolysis in XXXX : clinical and angiographic results].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['chest pain']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'acute myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['acute myocardial infarction']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity348 ( @entity348 ) is reported to reduce local recurrence and improve survival rates in @entity1 with @entity188 . STUDY DESIGN: Two hundred forty-six consecutive @entity1 with Dukes' B (T3, N0, M0) and C (T(any), N1-2, M0) primary @entity189 underwent operation according to the principle of @entity348 . Kaplan-Meier estimates of survival and pelvic recurrence rates were calculated from a database of @entity1 followed prospectively. RESULTS: The operative mortality rate was 0.8 percent (two of 246). The Kaplan-Meier five-year survival rate for @entity1 with stages B and C was 74.2 percent; for @entity1 with stage T3, N0, M0, 86.7 percent; for @entity1 with stage T(any), N1-2, M0, 64.0 percent; and for @entity1 with substage T3, N1-2, M0, 68.0 percent. Pelvic recurrences were observed in a total of 18 @entity1 (7.3 percent) with or without @entity3 . In the 246 @entity1 with Dukes' stages B and C, pelvic recurrence rates were 4.0 and 8.1 percent, respectively, in the presence or absence of distant @entity3 , and 3.0 and 5.8 percent, respectively, in the absence of distant spread. Statistically significant risk factors for pelvic recurrence were @entity66 and @entity3 . Adjuvant radiation therapy was of no statistical benefit in preventing local recurrences. CONCLUSIONS: @entity348 cures @entity188 and provides excellent local control through resection of the entire unit of regional spread that is excised, intact and with negative circumferential margins. @entity348 is compatible with autonomic nerve preservation and with sphincter preservation. The current role of combined modality adjuvant therapy, which is standard therapy following conventional surgery, should be reconsidered in @entity1 who have undergone resection in accordance with @entity348 .

title: @entity348 in the operative treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['N2 disease']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['rectal carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity188 :: ('MESH:D012004', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma of the rectum']

entities_list: @entity348 :: ('MESH:C535338', 'Disease') :: ['TME', 'Total mesorectal excision']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases', 'perineural invasion']

answer: @entity188 :: (MESH:D012004,Disease) :: ['carcinoma of the rectum']