abstract: BACKGROUND: The majority of @entity5 , the most prevalent @entity5 among Nepali @entity1 , are diagnosed in advanced stage leading to high mortality in Nepal. The present study explored factors associated with late diagnosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out in two specialized @entity5 hospitals of Nepal from August 12 to October 12, 2012. Randomly selected 110 @entity5 @entity1 were interviewed and their medical records were reviewed. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to predict associations. RESULTS: Mean age of @entity1 was 52.7years (SD=10.6), 66% were illiterate and 77% were rural inhabitants. Medical shops (33.6%) and private hospitals (31%) were major first contact points of @entity1 with @entity283 ( @entity283 ). There was no cervical/per-speculum examination (78.2%) and symptoms misinterpretation (90%) of @entity1 occurred in initial consultation with @entity283 . Four in every five cases (80.9%) of @entity5 had late diagnosis. Literate @entity1 (adjusted OR=0.121, CI: 0.030-0.482) and @entity1 having @entity3556 as early symptom (adjusted OR=0.160, CI: 0.035-0.741) were less likely to suffer late diagnosis. @entity1 who shared their symptoms late (adjusted OR=4.272, CI: 1.110-16.440) and did so with @entity1 other than their husband (adjusted OR=12.701, CI: 1.132-142.55) were more likely for late diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: High level of illiteracy among @entity1 and their problematic health seeking behavior for gynecological symptoms are responsible for late diagnosis of @entity5 in Nepal. In the absence of a routine screening program, prevention interventions should be focused on raising awareness of gynecological symptoms and improving health seeking behavior of @entity1 for such symptoms.

title: Factors associated with late diagnosis of XXXX in Nepal.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'cervical cancer', 'cervical cancers']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'Women', 'people']

entities_list: @entity3556 :: ('MESH:D014592', 'Disease') :: ['abnormal vaginal bleeding']

entities_list: @entity283 :: ('OMIM:603663', 'Disease') :: ['health care providers', 'HCP']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cervical cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Our aim was to explore the activity and feasibility of @entity136 plus @entity900 as induction chemotherapy in @entity1 with Stage IIIA N(2) and selected IIIB @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ). @entity1 AND METHODS: From September 1997 to July 2000, 70 chemonaive @entity1 with @entity5 , median age of 64 years, World Health Organization performance status 0, 1, or 2, and the ability to tolerate a pneumonectomy entered the study and received @entity136 1250 mg/m(2) on days 1 and 8 and @entity900 70 mg/m(2) on day 2 every 3 weeks. After three cycles of induction chemotherapy, @entity1 underwent resection or radiotherapy. RESULTS: Responses were seen in 40 of the 69 assessable @entity1 , for an intent-to treat overall response rate of 57.1% (95% confidence interval, 45-62%), with 4.2% complete response. Response rates were 68 and 35% in @entity1 with Stage IIIA and IIIB disease, respectively. The overall pathological CR rate after induction chemotherapy was 3%, with an overall pathological downstaging rate of 20%. Median survival for all @entity1 was 14.5 months, with an estimated 1-year survival rate of 67% (95% CI, 54.3-79.5%). The estimated time to treatment failure was 12.6 months. Grade 3/4 @entity882 was the main @entity1503 , occurring in 26% of @entity1 , but was not associated with life-threatening @entity548 . @entity1398 was rare and other severe @entity1503 were uncommon. CONCLUSIONS: The 3-week schedule of @entity136 plus @entity900 is highly active as induction chemotherapy in Stage IIIA N(2) unresectable @entity1149 . This suggests a need for a multimodality approach upfront, such as concurrent chemoradiation therapy, particularly in @entity1 with @entity5 .

title: A 3-week schedule of XXXX plus @entity900 as induction chemotherapy for @entity5 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Stage III NSCLC', 'Stage IIIB disease']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['non-hematologic toxicities', 'hematologic toxicity']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['Febrile neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['gemcitabine']

answer: @entity136 :: (MESH:C056507,Chemical) :: ['gemcitabine']


abstract: DAB486IL-2 is a recombinant toxin with the cell surface-binding domain of diphtheria toxin (DT) replaced by @entity1199 ( @entity1199 ). To correlate clinical response with expression of components of the @entity3647 ( @entity3647 ), 14 @entity1 with @entity784 ( @entity784 ) received five daily 90-minute infusions every 21 days. There were no complete responses, 1 partial response (PR), 2 major biologic effects (major cutaneous improvement without change in circulating neoplastic cells), 3 @entity66 ( @entity66 ), and 8 @entity74 ( @entity74 ). Responders had easily detected expression of @entity2902 (Tac; @entity7722 of @entity3647 ) in skin, and in two responders expression of the beta chain of the @entity3647 (beta- @entity3647 ) was detectable by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. @entity2902 was also detected in 8 of 11 @entity66 or @entity74 @entity1 , with beta- @entity3647 in 3 of 8 @entity66 or @entity74 @entity1 . Two of the three responders had anti-DT antibodies before treatment. Reversible increased hepatic transaminases occurred in 13 of 14 @entity1 during the first course, with decreased frequency in repeated courses. The maximal serum concentration after the first infusion of DAB486IL-2 varied (1,369 +/- 1,155 ng/mL [mean +/- @entity66 ]; n = 14; range, 55 to 3,999 ng/mL) with a short half-life (T1/2 beta = 0.21 +/- 0.12 h [mean +/- @entity66 ]; range, 0.099 to 0.57 h). The area under the concentration curve varied inversely with anti-DT antibody titer. We conclude that DA-B486IL-2 has valuable activity in certain @entity1 with @entity784 . Expression of the @entity3647 may be necessary but is not sufficient to predict response.

title: Chimeric fusion protein toxin DAB486IL-2 in advanced mycosis fungoides and the Sezary syndrome: correlation of activity and XXXX receptor expression in a phase II study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['stable disease', 'SD']

entities_list: @entity784 :: ('MESH:D016399', 'Disease') :: ['CTCL', 'cutaneous T-cell lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['PD', 'progressive disease']

answer: @entity1199 :: (3558,Gene) :: ['interleukin-2']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Vitiligo is a common acquired @entity74 caused by the loss of melanocytes. Despite the numerous treatment modalities available for @entity1694 , responses to treatment are still unsatisfactory. For this reason, new treatment modalities and approaches are needed. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effects of fractional @entity544 ( @entity515 ) laser therapy followed by systemic narrowband ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) phototherapy on nonsegmental @entity1694 (NSV) as a prospective and randomized left-right comparative study. METHODS: Ten @entity1 with NSV who presented symmetrical @entity75 with no further improvement despite more than 1 year of conventional treatment were enrolled. Two sessions of half-body fractional @entity515 laser therapy were performed at a 2-month interval. NB-UVB phototherapy was then administered to the entire body 5 days after each fractional laser treatment twice a week, increasing the dose incrementally by 15% at each session. Objective clinical assessments were made by two blinded dermatologists using a quartile grading scale, and the @entity1 ' overall satisfaction was evaluated using a 10-point visual analogue scale. RESULTS: Two months after the last treatment, mean improvement scores, assessed by physicians, were significantly higher for those treated with half-body fractional @entity515 laser therapy followed by NB-UVB phototherapy, compared with those treated with NB-UVB alone (P=0  034). In addition, according to subjective assessment, the half-body laser treatment followed by NB-UVB showed significantly higher improvements compared with NB-UVB treatment alone (P=0  023). Noticeable adverse events, such as @entity281 , scarring and @entity2407 , were not found in any @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that fractional @entity515 laser therapy followed by NB-UVB phototherapy could be used effectively and safely as an alternative modality for the treatment of refractory @entity1694 .

title: Combination treatment by 10 600 nm ablative fractional @entity544 laser and narrowband ultraviolet B in XXXX : a prospective, randomized half-body comparative study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['vitiligo lesions']

entities_list: @entity2407 :: ('MESH:D011928', 'Disease') :: ['Koebner phenomenon']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['depigmentation disorder']

entities_list: @entity544 :: ('MESH:D002245', 'Chemical') :: ['carbon dioxide']

answer: @entity1694 :: (MESH:D014820,Disease) :: ['refractory nonsegmental vitiligo']


abstract: The mosquito @entity4224 is an epidemic vector of several diseases such as @entity779 and @entity22073 . Several pesticides are used to control the mosquito population. Because of their frequent use, some mosquitoes have developed resistance. In this study, we used the Y-tube olfactometer to test essential oils of Cymbopogon species and screened specific formulas of components as repellents against Ae. aegypti. At 400   L, the extracted oil of citronella grass (Cymbopogon nardus) and @entity47149 produced a low-active response by inhibiting mosquito host-seeking activity. Citronella grass, lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus), @entity22529 and @entity47149 also produced a low-treatment response to repellents, for more potential to affect host-seeking behavior. Furthermore, the mixture of @entity22529 , @entity47149 , and citronellal oil (C:M:Ci = 6:4:1) greatly affected and inhibited host-seeking behavior (76% active response; 26% treatment response with 40   L; 42.5%, 18% with 400   L; and 19%, 23% with 1000   L). As compared with the result for @entity2471 ( @entity2471 ; 44%, 22% with 400   L), adjusting the composition formulas of citronella oil had a synergistic effect, for more effective repellent against Ae. aegypti.

title: Formulas of components of citronella oil against mosquitoes ( XXXX ).

entities_list: @entity4224 :: ('7159', 'Species') :: ['Aedes aegypti']

entities_list: @entity2471 :: ('MESH:D003671', 'Chemical') :: ['DEET', 'N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide']

entities_list: @entity22073 :: ('MESH:D015004', 'Disease') :: ['yellow fever']

entities_list: @entity779 :: ('MESH:D003715', 'Disease') :: ['dengue fever']

answer: @entity4224 :: (7159,Species) :: ['Aedes aegypti']


abstract: @entity8674 trait (BTT) is a common @entity74 in Mediterranean countries including Iran. Previous studies have shown the protective effect of BTT on @entity583 that may be due to lower @entity165 levels or lower arterial blood pressure in BTT subjects. This study was designed to analyze the effect of BTT on arterial blood pressure in young adults. Four-hundred and eight subjects who were referred to our clinic for premarriage screening of BTT (208 BTT as the case group and 200 normal subjects as the control group) were recruited. BTT was diagnosed by complete blood count, hemoglobin electrophoresis, and column chromatography. Blood pressure was measured twice with 20-min intervals by a medical barometer in the sitting position from left arm, and the average blood pressure was recorded as subject's blood pressure level. Mean systolic blood pressure in the control group was 122.8 mmHg as compared to 117.0 mmHg in the case group (P value = 0.249). Mean diastolic pressure was the same in both groups (76.7 mmHg in control group as compared with 77.5 mmHg in the case group) (P value = 0.433). Analysis of blood pressure by gender showed that male BTT subjects had a 10-mmHg lower systolic blood pressure than normal subjects (120.8 mmHg in the case group as compared with 130.7 mmHg in the control group). BTT has a protective effect on the development of @entity101 in young male adults.

title: Is @entity8674 trait a protective factor against XXXX in young adults?

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['genetic disorder']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity8674 :: ('MESH:D017086', 'Disease') :: ['Beta-thalassemia']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertension']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In a recent series of studies, it has been shown that @entity56 is an important factor in recurrent @entity365 and several referring gynecologists have been asking for our support in the evaluation of @entity1 with regard to the possibility of local vaginal @entity56 . This study was instituted because, since the first anamnesis, a high incidence of @entity9590 , as well as @entity566 have been observed in these @entity1 . OBJECTIVE: To study the association between recurrent @entity365 and @entity9590 , and to explore the allergic characteristics of the @entity1 and of the disease. METHODS: For 28 months, we have prospectively studied 95 @entity1 with recurrent @entity365 referred by gynecologists to a private @entity566 practice. All of them were unresponsive to all other modalities of therapy, and had no @entity6 or @entity1200 . As a control group, we studied 100 @entity1 , who came to the @entity566 office for other reasons, and had no recurrent @entity365 . All of these 195 @entity1 were submitted to a standard @entity566 medical history, a complete physical examination, and immediate skin tests with a standard battery of inhalant allergens and @entity5132 . The incidence of @entity56 in the two groups was compared. RESULTS: Sixty-four @entity1 with recurrent @entity365 also had @entity2023 (71%), while in the control group the incidence of this pathology was 42%. The difference was considered statistically significant, according to the software Epi info (P < .0001). The study (1) did not show an association between recurrent @entity365 and @entity565 and (2) indicated that @entity1 with recurrent @entity365 have a high incidence of skin tests positive to inhalant allergens (50%), to @entity5132 (55%), and a high incidence of family history of @entity566 (73%). In control @entity1 , the incidence of skin test positive to inhalant allergens was 72% and to @entity5132 , 10%. There was a family history of @entity566 in 61% of @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: The data demonstrate that recurrent @entity365 is statistically associated with @entity9590 and that many of these @entity1 with recurrent @entity365 tend to be @entity1097 .

title: Recurrent XXXX and @entity2023 : a common association.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2023 :: ('MESH:D006255', 'Disease') :: ['allergic rhinitis']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity566 :: ('MESH:D006967', 'Disease') :: ['allergy', 'family allergies', 'allergies']

entities_list: @entity5132 :: ('5476', 'Species') :: ['Candida albicans']

entities_list: @entity1200 :: ('MESH:D007154', 'Disease') :: ['immunodeficiency diseases']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic diseases', 'hypersensitivity']

entities_list: @entity365 :: ('MESH:D014627', 'Disease') :: ['vaginal candidiasis']

entities_list: @entity9590 :: ('MESH:D012221', 'Disease') :: ['perennial allergic rhinitis']

answer: @entity365 :: (MESH:D014627,Disease) :: ['vaginal candidiasis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Urinary catheterization during surgical interventions causes postoperative catheter related bladder discomfort (CRBD). Antimuscarinic agents are the mainstay of treatment for @entity2182 ( @entity2182 ). As the symptoms of CRBD mimic to @entity2182 , so we designed this study to assess the efficacy of @entity2180 and @entity15247 for prevention of CRBD. METHODS: Ninety @entity1 of either sex undergoing elective spine surgery and requiring urinary catheterization were randomly assigned into three groups to receive oral @entity2180 5 mg (Group S), @entity15247 7.5 mg (Group D) and placebo (Group C) 1 hour prior to induction of anesthesia. Anesthesia technique was identical in all the groups. Catheter related bladder discomfort (CRBD) was evaluated in 4-point scale (1 = no discomfort, 2 = mild, 3 = moderate, 4 = severe), on arrival (0 hour) and at 1, 2, and 6 hours postoperatively. @entity1 were provided @entity1 -controlled analgesia with @entity3575 for @entity282 relief. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in demographic profile and @entity3575 requirements (P >0.05). The prevalence and severity of CRBD were significantly less in the group D and group S compared with the group C at all time intervals (P <0.05). CONCLUSION: Pretreatment with oral @entity2180 or @entity15247 reduces catheter-related bladder discomfort with no clinically relevant significant side effects.

title: An evaluation of the efficacy of XXXX and @entity15247 for prevention of catheter related bladder discomfort: a prospective, randomized, placebo controlled, double blind study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity15247 :: ('MESH:C101207', 'Chemical') :: ['darifenacin']

entities_list: @entity2180 :: ('MESH:C441209', 'Chemical') :: ['solifenacin']

entities_list: @entity2182 :: ('MESH:D053201', 'Disease') :: ['overactive bladder', 'OAB']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative pain']

entities_list: @entity3575 :: ('MESH:D005283', 'Chemical') :: ['fentanyl']

answer: @entity2180 :: (MESH:C441209,Chemical) :: ['solifenacin']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The laparoscopic approach is not yet widely used in liver surgery, but has proven to be safe and feasible in selected @entity1 even in @entity5 . The experience and results of a hepato-pancreato-biliary (HPB) surgery unit in the treatment of malignant @entity409 by laparoscopic approach is presented. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Between February 2002 and May 2011, 71 laparoscopic liver resections were performed, 43 for @entity5 (only @entity1 with more than one year of follow-up were included). Mean age was 63 years old and 58% of the @entity1 were male. Forty-nine per cent of the lesions were located in segments ii-iii. Thirty segmentectomies were performed, 7 limited resections and 6 major hepatectomies. RESULTS: The median operative time was 163 min. There were 3 conversions. Five cases (11%) required blood transfusion. The oral intake began at 32 h and the median hospital stay was 6.7 days. There were no reoperations and there was one case of mortality. Nine @entity1 (21%) had @entity260 . The mean number of resected lesions was 1.2, with an average size of 3.5 cm. All resections were R0. The median survival after resection of colorectal liver metastases (CLM) was 69% and 43.5% at 36 and 60 months, respectively, and 89% and 68% at 36 and 60 months, respectively, in @entity157 ( @entity157 ). CONCLUSION: The laparoscopic liver resection in @entity5 is feasible and safe in selected @entity1 . The same oncological rules as for open surgery should be followed. In selected @entity1 it offers similar long-term oncological results as open surgery.

title: [Results after laparoscopic liver resection: an appropriate option in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant disease']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver disease']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'hepatocellular carcinoma']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['malignant disease']


abstract: Twenty-eight @entity1 undergoing marrow transplantation participated in a pilot study to determine the safety of continuous infusion @entity6950 for the prevention of @entity5501 ( @entity5501 ) of the liver. Four doses of continuous infusion @entity6950 were administered, ranging from a dose prolonging the partial thromboplastin time (PTT) to 1.5-2.0 times the @entity1 ' baseline value, to a dose prolonging the PTT to less than 1.2 times the @entity1 ' baseline value. Seven @entity1 (25%) received a full course of @entity6950 , beginning from the day the preparative therapy started through day 14 post-transplant (range 20-26 days on @entity6950 ). In 21 @entity1 infusions were ended before day 14 post-transplant, a median of 16 days on @entity6950 (range 1-26 days). Of these, 14 @entity1 were withdrawn from @entity6950 because of @entity548 and seven were withdrawn because of anticipated @entity548 . Bleeding was observed in 27 @entity1 and was minor in 25. Two @entity1 developed major @entity548 in the gastrointestinal tract which was not fatal. Minor @entity548 was observed in 27 of 28 case control @entity1 who did not receive @entity6950 . The sites of @entity548 were similar in control and @entity6950 treated @entity1 . @entity5501 developed in 20 @entity1 (71%) and was sever or fatal in four (14%). The prevalence of @entity5501 was not influenced by the dosage of @entity6950 or the duration of its administration. We conclude that low dose @entity6950 resulting in marginal prolongation of the PTT may be infused into @entity1 undergoing marrow transplantation with a low risk of serious @entity548 . Further studies are needed to evaluate its efficacy.

title: A pilot study of continuous infusion @entity6950 for the prevention of XXXX after bone marrow transplantation.

entities_list: @entity5501 :: ('MESH:D006504', 'Disease') :: ['veno-occlusive disease', 'VOD']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

answer: @entity5501 :: (MESH:D006504,Disease) :: ['hepatic veno-occlusive disease']


abstract: Plastic surgeons are frequently called upon to evaluate wounds in @entity6 @entity1 with compromised vascular inflow. Although a few authors have reported success in coverage of such wounds with microsurgical techniques, enthusiasm for this procedure has remained low due to concerns about flap viability, occlusion of flow to the distal limb, and the usually poor systemic status of such @entity1 . We report here on our experience with 19 @entity6 @entity1 with @entity1095 and a nonhealing wound of the lower extremity treated over the last 4 years with microvascular tissue transfer. Two @entity1 (10.5 percent) suffered anastomotic difficulties and there was one flap loss (5 percent). Major morbidity rates were acceptable, with only one perioperative @entity204 (5 percent) and three cases of nonfatal major systemic difficulties in the immediate postoperative period (16 percent). Despite the importation of well-vascularized tissue, local morbidity at the recipient site was seen in nine @entity1 (47 percent). The overall limb salvage rate was 72 percent during the period of follow-up, which averaged 22 months. Despite this loss of five limbs, all but three of the @entity1 eventually returned to ambulation. The overall @entity204 rate in our series was only 2/19 (10.5 percent) over the period of follow-up. Although further work needs to be done in this difficult group of @entity1 to ascertain the long-term benefit (especially relative to the cost/benefit ratio), we feel that this series confirms the safety and short-term efficacy of microsurgical treatment of such individuals.

title: Microsurgical management of extremity wounds in @entity6 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1095 :: ('MESH:D016491', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral vascular disease']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic']

answer: @entity1095 :: (MESH:D016491,Disease) :: ['peripheral vascular disease']


abstract: The effects of @entity1068 ( @entity167 ) on the early @entity972 current, IA, were examined in 3 identified neurons of Aplysia using voltage-clamp techniques. The primary effect of @entity167 on this current was a pronounced increase in the time constant of decay. However, this effect was cell specific, being evident in cells MCC and R15 but not in cell B1. Other parameters of IA were not greatly affected in any of the cells, in comparison with the effects on decay time constant. Baseline parameters of IA were measured in each of the cells to determine whether subpopulations of IA channel might exist, and be differentially sensitive to @entity167 . While differences did appear among cells, they were not consistent with an explanation of @entity167 's actions based upon distribution of channel subtypes. The effect of @entity167 on IA decay was dependent upon the voltage-clamp protocol used. When inactivation of IA developed at -20 mV, the slower development of inactivation noted above occurred. When inactivation without channel opening was produced by means of a prepulse to -40 mV, @entity167 speeded up the development of inactivation. A number of possible explanations for these findings are discussed. Most of the effects of @entity167 occurred within 1 min of application of the drug, suggesting relatively rapid access to the site of action. Effects continued to develop over succeeding minutes. This slower-developing effect may reflect either a delayed access to channels due to slower diffusion into or lateral movement within the lipid phase of the membrane, or it may indicate that channels are accessible to the @entity167 molecule only when in certain states.

title: Effects of XXXX on early @entity972 currents in Aplysia: cell specificity and influence of channel state.

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

answer: @entity1068 :: (MESH:D000431,Chemical) :: ['ethanol']


abstract: Psychological interventions are a mainstay of modern @entity158 management practice and a recommended feature of a modern @entity158 treatment service. Systematic reviews for the evidence of psychological interventions are reviewed in this article. The evidence for effectiveness is strongest for cognitive behavioural therapy with a focus on cognitive coping strategies and behavioural rehearsal. Most evidence is available for treatments of @entity158 , although adolescent @entity1118 treatments are also reviewed. It is clear that treatment benefit can be achieved with cognitive behavioural methods. It is possible to effect change in @entity158 , mood, and disability, changes not achieved by chance or by exposure to any other treatment. However, the overall effect sizes of treatments for adults, across all trials, are modest. Reasons for the relatively modest treatment effects are discussed within the context of all treatments for @entity1118 being disappointing when measured by the average. Suggestions for improving both trials and evidence summaries are made. Finally, consideration is given to what can be achieved by the @entity158 specialist without access to specialist psychology resource.

title: Psychological approaches to XXXX management: evidence and challenges.

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'adult pain']

answer: @entity1118 :: (MESH:D059350,Disease) :: ['chronic pain']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Our goal was to report pregnancy outcome and long-term prognosis after @entity3036 . STUDY DESIGN: @entity1 whose pregnancies were managed at the E.H. Crump @entity1 's Hospital between August 1977 and April 1989 were studied. A total of 223 @entity1 with @entity3036 underwent follow-up for an average of 7.2 years. Thirteen had preexisting @entity101 and 210 were normotensive (31 were multiparous and 179 were nulliparous). RESULTS: Among these @entity1 23 who were multiparous and 159 who were nulliparous had 366 subsequent pregnancies: 22% of pregnancies were complicated by @entity1468 , 1.9% by @entity3036 , and 2.5% by abruptio placentae; 2.7% resulted in perinatal @entity204 . Within the nulliparous group, @entity1 who had @entity3036 before 37 weeks' gestation in the index pregnancy had significantly higher incidences of @entity1468 and poor perinatal outcome in subsequent pregnancies as compared with those who had @entity3036 at greater than or equal to 37 weeks' gestation; the highest incidence of @entity532 occurred in those having @entity3036 at less than or equal to 30 weeks. Twenty of the 210 normotensive @entity1 (9.5%) had chronic @entity101 on follow-up; the highest incidence (17.9%) being in those with @entity3036 at less than or equal to 30 weeks and the lowest incidence (4.8%) in those having @entity3036 at greater than or equal to 37 weeks. @entity1 with @entity3036 who had @entity1468 in subsequent pregnancies had a higher incidence of chronic @entity101 as compared with those who were normotensive in subsequent pregnancies (25% vs 2%, p less than 0.0001). Long-term maternal complications included dialysis required in one @entity1 and one case of @entity296 in @entity1 with chronic @entity101 ; there was one maternal @entity204 in a @entity1 with chronic @entity101 . None of the @entity1 had evidence of neurologic deficit or @entity410 during follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: These findings should be used in counseling @entity1 who have had @entity3036 and are considering future pregnancies.

title: @entity3036 . VII. Pregnancy outcome after XXXX and long-term prognosis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Women', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity532 :: ('MESH:D003925', 'Disease') :: ['obstetric complications']

entities_list: @entity3036 :: ('MESH:D004461', 'Disease') :: ['eclampsia']

entities_list: @entity1468 :: ('MESH:D011225', 'Disease') :: ['preeclampsia']

answer: @entity3036 :: (MESH:D004461,Disease) :: ['eclampsia']


abstract: @entity6727 (CFM) is a new hemi-synthetic orally active @entity5898 which exhibits a particular affinity for PBPs 3, 1a, 1bs. Its penetration through the Gram negative bacilli outer membrane is similar to that of third generation cephalosporins. The MICs were assessed by the agar dilution method against 2,489 bacterial strains collected in 10 hospitals. Against Enterobacteriaceae, MICs50 and 90 are respectively (mg/l): naturally non beta-lactamase-producing species: @entity526 and Shigella: 0.25-0.5, Salmonella: 0.06 - 0.25, @entity9700 : 0.008 - 0.0.32; chromosomal penicillinase producing species: Klebsiella: 0.06 - 2; chromosomal cephalosporinase producing species: @entity7100 and @entity8171 : 1 - greater than 128, @entity5134 : 0.25 - 16, Proteus @entity104 : + 0.06 - 4, @entity11477 : 0.032 - 0.5. CFM activity is not altered in strains producing an acquired penicillinase. On the other hand, CFM appears to be inactive against cephalosporinase hyperproducing mutants and its activity is variably decreased against expanded spectrum beta-lactamase producing strains. CFM is inactive against @entity796 (MIC50 and 90: 64 - 128) and against A. baumannii (16 - 128). @entity6728 and gonococci, beta-lactamase producing or not, as well as meningococci, are highly susceptible to CFM (MIC 0.008 - 0.12). @entity6729 is usually inhibited by 0.03 to 0.5. CFM is moderately active against @entity3256 -sensitive staphylococci (MIC50 and 90: 1-64), and inactive against @entity3256 -resistant strains. Enterococci are usually resistant, whereas streptococci and pneumococci are inhibited by low concentrations: 0.08 to 1. CFM is a bactericidal antibiotic, as shown by MBC and killing curves determination. These antibacterial properties relate CFM to the third generation cephalosporins and position the compound in an excellent place among the orally active @entity2886 .

title: [Antibacterial effect of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity5134 :: ('615', 'Species') :: ['S. marcescens']

entities_list: @entity3256 :: ('MESH:D008712', 'Chemical') :: ['meticillin']

entities_list: @entity796 :: ('287', 'Species') :: ['P. aeruginosa']

entities_list: @entity5898 :: ('CHEBI:23066', 'Chemical') :: ['cephalosporin']

entities_list: @entity2886 :: ('MESH:D002511', 'Chemical') :: ['cephalosporins']

entities_list: @entity6728 :: ('MESH:D006192', 'Disease') :: ['Haemophilus']

entities_list: @entity6729 :: ('480', 'Species') :: ['B. catarrhalis']

entities_list: @entity6727 :: ('MESH:D020682', 'Chemical') :: ['Cefixime']

answer: @entity6727 :: (MESH:D020682,Chemical) :: ['cefixime']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity1 admitted to neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) are at high risk of @entity580 . We conducted a national multicenter assessment of @entity580 in NICUs to determine the prevalence of @entity281 , describe associated risk factors, and help focus prevention efforts. STUDY DESIGN: We conducted a point prevalence survey of @entity580 in 29 Pediatric Prevention Network NICUs. @entity1 present on the survey date were included. Data were collected on underlying diagnoses, therapeutic interventions/treatments, @entity281 , and outcomes. RESULTS: Of the 827 @entity1 surveyed, 94 (11.4%) had 116 NICU-acquired @entity281 : bloodstream (52.6%), lower respiratory tract (12.9%), ear-nose-throat (8.6%), or @entity293 (8.6%). @entity1 with @entity281 were of significantly lower birth weight (median 1006 g [range 441 to 4460 g] vs 1589 g [range 326 to 5480 g]; P <.001) and had longer median durations of stay than those without @entity281 (88 days [range 8 to 279 days] vs 32 days [range 1 to 483 days]; P <.001). Most common pathogens were coagulase-negative staphylococci and enterococci. @entity1 with central intravascular catheters (relative risk = 3.81, CI 2.32-6.25; P <.001) or receiving total parenteral nutrition (relative risk = 5.72, CI 3.45-9.49; P <.001) were at greater risk of @entity281 . CONCLUSIONS: This study documents the high prevalence of @entity580 in @entity1 in NICUs and the urgent need for more effective prevention interventions.

title: Prevalence of @entity580 in neonatal intensive care unit XXXX : Results from the first national point-prevalence survey.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'Infants']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections', 'bloodstream infection']

entities_list: @entity293 :: ('MESH:D014552', 'Disease') :: ['urinary tract infections']

entities_list: @entity580 :: ('MESH:D003428', 'Disease') :: ['nosocomial infection', 'nosocomial infections']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: @entity1176 agonists ( @entity4397 ) have been used for the treatment of @entity3427 in @entity1 with @entity43 . However, significant side-effects, including vasomotor symptoms and @entity604 , have prevented the long term use of this therapy. In this study, we evaluated the effects of low dose (physiological) @entity172 replacement on the side-effects and clinical and hormonal parameters of 22 hirsute @entity1 with @entity43 when treated with a long-acting @entity4397 , @entity19040 . Ten @entity1 with Ferriman-Gallwey (FG) scores averaging 13.4 +/- 1.5 were randomly assigned to be treated with @entity19040 alone (3.75 mg, im, every 28 days for 6 months), and 12 other @entity1 with FG scores averaging 13.3 +/- 1 received @entity19040 with @entity172 (conjugated @entity1641 @entity172 , 0.625 mg) for 21 days and @entity11796 (10 mg) for 10 days (days 12-21). After 6 months, LH was suppressed in both groups, whereas FSH was significantly reduced only in the group receiving @entity4397 with @entity172 (2.5 +/- 4 vs. 4.8 +/- 0.6 IU/L; P < 0.01). Serum @entity342 levels were reduced in both groups, although the reduction of @entity251 and unbound @entity251 was greater in the group receiving hormonal replacement [1.73 +/- 0.3 vs. 2.57 +/- 0.4 nmol/L for @entity251 (P < 0.05); 8.3 +/- 1 vs. 14.6 +/- 2.8 pmol/L for unbound @entity251 (P < 0.05)]. The reduction in @entity3427 scores was greater with hormonal replacement (FG scores, -4.1 +/- 0.3 vs. -2.5 +/- 0.3; P < 0.05), whereas the polycystic appearance of ovaries by ultrasound was decreased in both groups. @entity1109 were observed only with @entity4397 alone. Serum osteocalcin rose significantly with @entity4397 alone, reflecting a change in bone turnover (0.49 +/- 0.05 to 0.64 +/- 0.09 nmol/L; P < 0.05), but was unchanged with hormonal replacement. @entity1 receiving hormonal replacement had treatment extended to 1 yr. A further improvement of @entity3427 , with scores dropping into the normal range (4.9 +/- 0.7), as well as a normalization of ovarian morphology were evident at this time. In conclusion, low dose (physiological) @entity172 replacement may enhance the effects of @entity4397 treatment, while preventing most of the side-effects encountered with @entity4397 alone. This may allow more prolonged treatment, which is necessary for @entity3427 .

title: Physiological XXXX replacement may enhance the effectiveness of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist in the treatment of @entity3427 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian hyperandrogenism']

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen', 'estrogens']

entities_list: @entity19040 :: ('MESH:D017329', 'Chemical') :: ['Decapeptyl']

entities_list: @entity11796 :: ('MESH:D017258', 'Chemical') :: ['medroxyprogesterone acetate']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity604 :: ('MESH:D016301', 'Disease') :: ['bone loss']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['Amenorrhea and vasomotor symptoms']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen']

entities_list: @entity3427 :: ('MESH:D006628', 'Disease') :: ['hirsutism']

answer: @entity172 :: (MESH:D004967,Chemical) :: ['estrogen']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Many @entity1 with @entity459 ( @entity459 ) present with less severe biochemical parameters. The purpose of this study was to compare the presentation, operative findings, and outcomes of these @entity1 with "mild" @entity459 to @entity1 with "overt" disease. METHODS: A retrospective review of a prospectively collected parathyroid database was performed to identify cases of @entity459 undergoing an initial neck operation. @entity1 were classified as mild when either the preoperative @entity460 or @entity461 was within the normal limits. Comparisons were made with the Student's t test, Chi-squared test, or Wilcoxon rank-sum test where appropriate. Kaplan-Meier estimates were plotted for disease-free survival and compared by the log-rank test. RESULTS: Of the 1,429 @entity1 who met inclusion criteria, 1,049 were classified as overt and 388 (27.1 %) were mild. Within the mild group, 122 (31.4 %) presented with normocalcemic @entity459 and 266 (68.6 %) had a normal @entity461 . The two groups had similar demographics and renal function. Interestingly, the mild group had more than double the rate of @entity1290 (3.1 vs. 1.3 %, p = 0.02). The mild group was less likely to localize on sestamibi scan (62.4 vs. 78.7 %, p < 0.01). Intraoperatively, more mild @entity1 exhibited @entity66 (34.3 vs. 14.1 %, p < 0.01). When examining intraoperative @entity461 (IoPTH) kinetics where single @entity652 were excised, the IoPTH fell at a rate of 6.9 pg/min in mild @entity1 compared with 11.5 pg/min in the overt group (p < 0.01). Accordingly, 62.2 % of @entity1 in the overt group and 53.3 % in the mild group were cured at 5 min postexcision (p < 0.01). There was no difference in the rates of persistence or recurrence between the groups, and disease-free survival estimates were identical (p = 0.27). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with mild @entity459 were more likely to have @entity66 and a slower decline in IoPTH, but these @entity1 can be successfully treated with surgery.

title: XXXX and slower decline in intraoperative @entity461 characterize mild @entity459 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity459 :: ('MESH:D049950', 'Disease') :: ['primary hyperparathyroidism', 'PHPT']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['multigland disease']

entities_list: @entity1290 :: ('MESH:D007669', 'Disease') :: ['kidney stones']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['adenomas']

answer: @entity66 :: (MESH:D004194,Disease) :: ['Multigland disease']


abstract: PURPOSE: To report a case of metaplastic squamous @entity2543 after @entity231 surgery. DESIGN: Interventional case report. METHODS: Clinical, laboratory, and histologic findings are presented. Our study is in compliance with institutional review board guidelines. RESULTS: A 76-year-old @entity1 developed anterior chamber @entity32 five months after uncomplicated clear corneal @entity231 surgery. Despite antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory therapies, the @entity32 persisted. An extensive examination failed to demonstrate an infectious etiology or @entity706 . Subsequently, the @entity1 developed an @entity75 and iris mass. Immunostaining of a biopsy specimen from the iris mass indicated an epithelial-derived @entity5 . The prephthisical and @entity158 eye was enucleated; histopathology of the globe revealed a contiguous lesion extending from the limbal mass to the @entity10633 through the surgical incision site, a finding consistent with metaplastic squamous @entity2543 . Systemic evaluation was negative. CONCLUSIONS: After intraocular surgery, metaplastic @entity2543 may occur as a consequence of occult ocular surface squamous @entity5 and masquerade as @entity32 ; clinicians should be aware of this rare complication.

title: Metaplastic squamous @entity2543 after clear corneal XXXX surgery.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['chronic inflammation', 'inflammation']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['incipient limbal lesion']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'neoplasia']

entities_list: @entity2543 :: ('MESH:D017573', 'Disease') :: ['epithelial downgrowth']

answer: @entity231 :: (MESH:D002386,Disease) :: ['cataract']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate respiratory illnesses in the Newcastle region, their change over time, and their geographic relationship to industrialised areas. DESIGN: We analysed admissions to public hospitals by postcode area in the Newcastle region, for all causes and for all the various respiratory causes, for the years 1979-1988. Comparisons were made between the State of New South Wales and the Newcastle area, and between geographic areas within Newcastle. Changes over the 10-year period were noted. RESULTS: For both all causes and respiratory causes, admission rates to Newcastle hospitals, 1979-1988, were significantly lower than those for the rest of New South Wales in 1986. There was a correlation between living in the industrial part of the city and hospital admission for all causes and respiratory causes. There was also a correlation between mean disposable family income and hospital admissions, with those areas with the higher incomes having lower admission rates. Over the 10 years studied there was a statistically significant decline in admissions for respiratory causes, both in absolute terms and after controlling for changes in admissions for all causes. In @entity1 aged 0-14 years a significant increase in admissions for @entity565 occurred between 1979 and 1988, which could not be explained by diagnostic shift. CONCLUSIONS: On the basis of hospital statistics, the members of the Newcastle population seem little different from those in the remainder of New South Wales. From 1979-1988, the efforts by industry, with the support of the community, to reduce industrial pollution have been accompanied by a reduction in hospital admission rates for @entity1576 in general and for @entity1030 in older @entity1 . Other contributing factors include reduced smoking rates and improved medical management. Correlations between geographic location and respiratory admission rates may be a manifestation of social class rather than poor air quality, although a contribution from the latter cannot be discounted. A concomitant rise in @entity565 admission rates in @entity1 aged 0-14 is likely to be unrelated to any change in air quality.

title: Air quality and XXXX in Newcastle, New South Wales.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'people']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory diseases']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic obstructive lung disease']

answer: @entity1576 :: (MESH:D012131,Disease) :: ['respiratory disease']


abstract: The present study deals with the characterization of halotolerant protease produced by Bacillus aquimaris VITP4 strain isolated from Kumta coast, Karnataka, India. The studies were performed at 40    C and pH 8 in Tris buffer. Metal ions such as @entity3281 and @entity141 increased the proteolytic activity of the enzyme by 34 and 30  %, respectively, at 10  mM concentration. @entity8863 at 1  mM concentration was found to enhance the enzyme activity by 16  %, whereas inhibition was observed at higher concentration (>5  mM). Slight inhibition was observed even with lower (>1  mM) concentrations of @entity8862 , @entity10694 , @entity596 , @entity3411 , and @entity515 .The activity of protease was completely inhibited by @entity8861 , indicating that the VITP4 protease is a @entity563 protease. The presence of @entity1098 and @entity7437 (>5  mM) moderately inhibited the activity, suggesting that the enzyme is activated by metal ions. The protease was purified to homogeneity with a purification fold of 15.7 with @entity1329 precipitation and 46.65 with gel filtration chromatography using Sephadex G-100, resulting in a specific activity of 424        2.6  U  mg(-1). The VITP4 protease consists of a single polypeptide chain with a molecular mass of 34.7  kDa as determined by @entity3208 - @entity2975 gel electrophoresis and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight. Among the different substrates used (casein, egg albumin, gelatin, and bovine serum albumin), the activity was higher with casein with V max, K m, and k cat values of 0.817  mg  ml  min(-1), 0.472  mg  ml(-1), and 2.31  s(-1), respectively. Circular dichroism studies revealed that the VITP4 protease has a predominantly b-sheet structure (51.6  %) with a temperature for half denaturation of 85.8    C in the presence of 1  mM @entity3282 . Additionally, the VITP4 protease was found to retain more than 70  % activity in the presence of 10  mM concentration of different detergents ( @entity14942 , @entity1133 , and @entity3208 ) and surfactants (Triton X-100, @entity9266 , and @entity9266 ), and the results of wash performance test with various commercial detergents confirmed that it can be used in detergent formulations.

title: Stability and detergent compatibility of a predominantly b-sheet XXXX protease from halotolerant B. aquimaris VITP4 strain.

entities_list: @entity3208 :: ('MESH:D012967', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium dodecyl sulfate']

entities_list: @entity2975 :: ('CHEBI:51135', 'Chemical') :: ['polyacrylamide']

entities_list: @entity8861 :: ('MESH:D010664', 'Chemical') :: ['phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride']

entities_list: @entity563 :: ('CHEBI:17822', 'Chemical') :: ['serine']

entities_list: @entity7437 :: ('MESH:C025205', 'Chemical') :: ['1,10-phenanthroline']

entities_list: @entity1329 :: ('MESH:D000645', 'Chemical') :: ['ammonium sulfate']

entities_list: @entity1098 :: ('MESH:D004492', 'Chemical') :: ['ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid']

answer: @entity563 :: (CHEBI:17822,Chemical) :: ['serine']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To identify factors associated with poor outcomes in perineurally invasive @entity957 . DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: Two academic hospitals in Boston, Massachusetts. @entity1 : Adults with perineural SCC diagnosed from 1998 to 2008. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Hazard ratios (HRs) for local recurrence, nodal @entity3 , @entity204 , and @entity204 , adjusted for known prognostic factors. RESULTS: A total of 114 cases were included, all but 2 involving unnamed nerves. Only a single local recurrence occurred in cases with no risk factors other than nerve invasion. @entity5 with large nerve (>= 0.1 mm in caliber) invasion were significantly more likely to have other risk factors, including diameters of 2 cm or greater (P<.001), invasion beyond the subcutaneous fat (P<.003), multiple nerve involvement (P<.001), infiltrative growth (P=.01), or @entity3 (P=.01). On univariate analysis, large nerve invasion was associated with increased risk of nodal @entity3 (HR, 5.6 [95% CI, 1.1-27.9]) and @entity204 (HR, 4.5 [95% CI, 1.2-17.0]). On multivariate analysis, @entity5 diameter of 2 cm or greater predicted local recurrence (HR, 4.8 [95% CI, 1.8-12.7]), >1 risk factor predicted nodal @entity3 (2 factors: HR, 4.1 [95% CI, 1.0-16.6]), @entity3 predicted @entity204 (HR, 15.3 [95% CI, 3.7-62.8]), and @entity204 (HR, 1.1 [95% CI, 1.0-1.1]). Invasion beyond subcutaneous fat also predicted @entity204 ( @entity18258 [95% CI, 1.0-4.3]). CONCLUSIONS: @entity957 involving unnamed small nerves (<0.1 mm in caliber) may have a low risk of poor outcomes in the absence of other risk factors. Large-caliber nerve invasion is associated with an elevated risk of nodal @entity3 and @entity204 , but this is due in part to multiple other risk factors associated with large-caliber nerve invasion. A larger study is needed to estimate the specific prognostic impact of nerve caliber.

title: Outcomes of primary XXXX with perineural invasion: an 11-year cohort study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumors']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma', 'Squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'lymphovascular invasion']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['death from disease', 'overall death', 'death']

answer: @entity957 :: (MESH:D002294,Disease) :: ['cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To observe the proliferation and differentiation properties of primary @entity1 @entity2085 cultured in vitro. METHODS: The skeletal muscle samples were obtained from 20 to 25-week abortion fetus, the family history of inherited @entity121 of parental generation was negative. With a modified method of @entity6820 , the muscle sample was digested with trypsin and collagenase. The isolated cell suspension was a mixture of myoblasts and fibroblasts, the latter was removed by repeated attachment to culture dishes. The morphological, immunohistochemical observation, the proliferation and differentiation of primary myoblasts were studied. RESULTS: The isolated myoblasts were spherical in cell suspension and spindle-like after attached to culture dishes. The @entity3999 specialized immunohistochemical staining was strongly positive. A large quantity of skeletal muscle specialized @entity908 kinase ( @entity16410 ) was synthesized in cultured myoblasts. Additionally, while the cell density of myoblasts increased, the monocyte myoblasts would fused to form multinucleated myotube. All those indicated that the cultured cells were myoblasts. Primary myoblasts proliferated quickly, the doubling time, measured in growth curve, was 4.8 days. CONCLUSION: A large number of myoblasts can be available with digestion and repeated attachment method. The cultured cells can be proved as myoblasts by morphological and immunohistochemical detection. The cultured myoblasts have good ability of proliferation and differentiation.

title: [The proliferation and differentiation of primary @entity1 XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity2085 :: ('MESH:D020964', 'Disease') :: ['embryonic skeletal myoblasts']

entities_list: @entity908 :: ('MESH:D003401', 'Chemical') :: ['creatine']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['myopathies']

answer: @entity2085 :: (MESH:D020964,Disease) :: ['embryonic skeletal myoblasts']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Pure @entity910 (PA) is a distinct form of @entity304 characterized by freezing phenomena. Little is known about @entity1313 -associated PA. We highlight the clinicoradiological changes in a @entity1 with PA and central nervous system (CNS) metastases of natural killer/ @entity784 (NKTL). CASE PRESENTATION: A 68-year-old @entity1 with stage IVB extranodal NKTL developed a gait disturbance. Neurological examination of his gait revealed freezing, start hesitation, short step, forward flexion posture, festination and postural instability. Mild @entity2652 and micrographia were observed. There was no @entity2003 or @entity400 in any of the four extremities. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) displayed @entity75 in the dorsal brainstem, cerebellum and periventricular white matter. Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) revealed hyperintensity in these regions. Cerebrospinal fluid cytology revealed @entity2940 -positive cells on immunohistochemical staining. The @entity1 's @entity51 did not respond to L-dopa treatment and intrathecal administration of @entity1499 ( @entity1500 ). Two weeks later, he displayed @entity911 and generalized @entity410 . @entity75 spread to the basal ganglia and the infratentorial regions. Gadolinium enhancement was observed in the cerebellum and frontal subcortex. DWI and the ADC revealed diffusion-restricted lesions in the middle cerebellar peduncles, left internal capsules and cerebral white matter. @entity1500 pulse therapy and intrathecal administration of @entity2592 and @entity1500 were performed. Two months later, his ambulatory state was normalized. Brain MRI also revealed marked alleviation of the infratentorial and supratentorial lesions. CONCLUSIONS: The clinicoradiological profile of our @entity1 suggested that dorsal ponto-mesencephalic lesions could contribute to the pathogenesis of PA. Physicians should pay more attention to striking CNS seeding of metastatic NKTL. @entity1500 pulse therapy had an excellent effect in improving serious symptoms and @entity75 in our @entity1 .

title: Clinicoradiological changes of brain NK/T cell lymphoma manifesting pure XXXX : a case report.

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['convulsions']

entities_list: @entity304 :: ('MESH:D010302', 'Disease') :: ['parkinsonism']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['brain tumor']

entities_list: @entity2652 :: ('MESH:D005148', 'Disease') :: ['facial hypomimia']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['T2-hyperintense lesions', 'brain lesions']

entities_list: @entity784 :: ('MESH:D016399', 'Disease') :: ['T-cell lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity910 :: ('MESH:D004409', 'Disease') :: ['akinesia']

entities_list: @entity2592 :: ('MESH:D003561', 'Chemical') :: ['cytosine arabinoside']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deficits']

entities_list: @entity911 :: ('MESH:D003221', 'Disease') :: ['confusion']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

answer: @entity910 :: (MESH:D004409,Disease) :: ['akinesia']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study prospectively evaluated whether transdermal @entity1242 patches could limit the extent of exercise-induced @entity1002 as assessed by quantitative thallium-201 tomography. BACKGROUND: Although antianginal medications are effective at reducing @entity662 symptoms in @entity1 with @entity453 , there is limited evidence that these agents can also reduce @entity741 . METHODS: This was a randomized, double-blind, parallel, placebo-controlled trial evaluating @entity1242 patch therapy in @entity1 in stable condition with angiographic @entity453 and no previous @entity583 . All @entity1 were weaned from antianginal agents and had a baseline symptom-limited treadmill test followed by thallium-201 tomography. Forty @entity1 with perfusion defects involving > or = 5% of the left ventricle were randomized to receive either intermittent (12 h on/off) active @entity1242 patch therapy (0.4 mg/h) or placebo. Exercise tomography was repeated a mean (+/- SD) of 6.1 +/- 1.8 days after randomization. RESULTS: @entity1 randomized to receive active patch therapy had a significant reduction in their total perfusion defect size (-8.9 +/- 11.1%) compared with placebo-treated @entity1 (-1.8 +/- 6.1%, p = 0.04), which was most apparent in those with the largest (> or = 20%) baseline perfusion defects (-11.4 +/- 13.4% vs. 1.0 +/- 3.6%, respectively, p < 0.02). Furthermore, 7 (33%) of 21 @entity1 receiving active therapy had a > or = 10% decrease in their perfusion defects compared with only 1 (5%) of 19 @entity1 randomized to receive placebo (p = 0.002). @entity1507 therapy did not significantly reduce heart rate, blood pressure or double product, indicating benefit through enhancement of coronary blood flow. CONCLUSIONS: Short-term, intermittent @entity1242 patch therapy significantly reduces @entity741 , particularly in @entity1 with large ischemic perfusion defects. Thallium-201 tomography can be used to assess sequential changes in the extent of exercise-induced @entity1002 .

title: Transdermal @entity1242 patch therapy reduces the extent of exercise-induced XXXX : results of a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial using quantitative thallium-201 tomography.

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['chest pain']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity1242 :: ('MESH:D005996', 'Chemical') :: ['nitroglycerin']

entities_list: @entity1507 :: ('CHEBI:48107', 'Chemical') :: ['Nitrate']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial ischemia']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular ischemia']

answer: @entity741 :: (MESH:D017202,Disease) :: ['myocardial ischemia']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Aberrant expression of @entity31082 , @entity7041 or @entity1916 (RAM) is implicated in @entity105 and @entity5 drug resistance. We retrospectively evaluated the effect of RAM expression on outcomes for advanced @entity1125 @entity1 , who were treated with @entity136 plus @entity901 (GEMOX), with or without cetuximab, in a randomized phase II trial. RAM expression levels on archived tissue sections were scored using immunohistochemistry (IHC). Of 110 @entity5 with IHC staining for all three markers, 18 were RAM(high) (IHC intensity 3+ for any markers). Ninety-two @entity5 were RAM(low) (IHC intensity <3+ for all markers). All RAM(high) @entity5 were @entity99 ( @entity99 ). Of the @entity1 with @entity99 (n   =   80), median overall survival (OS) of RAM(high) group was inferior to that of the RAM(low) group (5.7 vs. 11.7 months, p   =   0.021). In multivariate analysis RAM(high) remained an independently adverse prognostic factor, with a hazard ratio of 2.01 (p   =   0.039). In the RAM(low) group, GEMOX treatment with cetuximab significantly improved the disease control rate (68% vs. 41%, p   =   0.044), median progression-free survival (7.3 vs. 4.9 months, p   =   0.026), and marginally prolonged median OS (14.1 vs 9.6 months, p   =   0.056), compared to GEMOX treatment alone. Future trials of anti- @entity470 inhibitors for @entity99 may consider RAM expression as a @entity1 stratification factor.

title: Expression levels of @entity31082 / XXXX / @entity1916 and therapeutic efficacy of cetuximab plus chemotherapy in advanced @entity1125 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity901 :: ('MESH:C030110', 'Chemical') :: ['oxaliplatin']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['intra-hepatic cholangiocarcinomas', 'IHCC']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity105 :: ('MESH:D063646', 'Disease') :: ['carcinogenesis']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['gemcitabine']

entities_list: @entity1125 :: ('MESH:D001661', 'Disease') :: ['biliary tract cancer']

answer: @entity7041 :: (238,Gene) :: ['ALK']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to test the hypothesis that baseline @entity413 metabolism and medial temporal lobe brain volumes are predictive of @entity73 in normal older @entity1 . METHODS: We performed positron emission tomography using @entity419 and structural magnetic resonance imaging at baseline in 60 cognitively normal community-dwelling older subjects who were part of a longitudinal cohort study. Subjects were followed for a mean of 3.8 years, with approximately annual evaluation of global cognition (the Modified Mini-Mental State Examination) and episodic memory (delayed recall). Baseline brain volumes and @entity413 metabolism were evaluated in relation to the rate of change in cognitive test scores. RESULTS: Six subjects developed incident @entity303 or @entity73 (converters). Baseline positron emission tomography scans showed regions in left and right angular gyrus, left mid-temporal gyrus, and left middle frontal gyrus that predicted the rate of change on the Modified Mini-Mental State Examination (p < 0.001). The left hemisphere temporal and parietal regions remained significant when converters were excluded. Both hippocampal (p = 0.03) and entorhinal cortical volumes (p = 0.01) predicted decline on delayed recall over time, and entorhinal cortical volumes remained significant when converters were excluded (p = 0.02). These brain volumes did not predict Modified Mini-Mental State Examination decline. INTERPRETATION: These results indicate that temporal and parietal @entity413 metabolism predict @entity73 , and medial temporal brain volumes predict memory decline in normal older @entity1 . The anatomical location of these findings suggests detection of preclinical @entity195 pathology.

title: Brain imaging evidence of preclinical XXXX in normal aging.

entities_list: @entity419 :: ('MESH:D019788', 'Chemical') :: ['[18F]fluorodeoxyglucose']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment', 'decline in global cognitive function', 'cognitive decline']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["Alzheimer's disease"]

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity195 :: (MESH:D000544,Disease) :: ['Alzheimer's disease']


abstract: The development of ovarian follicular cells is controlled by multiple circulating and local hormones and factors, including follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and @entity45062 (EGF). In this study, the stage-specific effect of EGF on FSH-induced proliferation of granulosa cells was evaluated in the ovarian follicles of egg-laying @entity1573 . Results showed that EGF and its receptor ( @entity45063 ) mRNAs displayed a high expression in granulosa cells from the prehierarchical follicles, including the large white follicle (LWF) and small yellow follicle (SYF), and thereafter the expression decreased markedly to the stage of the largest preovulatory follicle. SYF represents a turning point of EGF/ @entity45063 mRNA expression during follicle selection. Subsequently the granulosa cells from SYF were cultured to reveal the mediation of EGF in FSH action. Cell proliferation was remarkably increased by treatment with either EGF or FSH (0.1-100 ng/ml). This result was confirmed by elevated @entity39408 ( @entity39408 ) expression and decreased cell apoptosis. Furthermore, EGF-induced cell proliferation was accompanied by increased mRNA expressions of @entity45063 , FSH receptor, and the cell cycle-regulating genes ( @entity45064 ) as well as decreased expression of @entity45065 mRNA. However, the EGF or FSH-elicited effect was reversed by simultaneous treatment with an @entity45063 inhibitor @entity20830 . In conclusion, EGF and @entity45063 expressions manifested stage-specific changes during follicular development and EGF mediated FSH-induced cell proliferation and retarded cell differentiation in the prehierarchical follicles. These expressions thus stimulated follicular growth before selection in the egg-laying @entity1573 .

title: Effect of XXXX on follicle-stimulating hormone-induced proliferation of granulosa cells from @entity1573 prehierarchical follicles.

entities_list: @entity39408 :: ('373984(Tax:9031)', 'Gene') :: ['proliferating cell nuclear antigen', 'PCNA']

entities_list: @entity1573 :: ('9031', 'Species') :: ['chickens', 'chicken']

entities_list: @entity45065 :: ('395776(Tax:9031)', 'Gene') :: ['luteinizing hormone receptor']

entities_list: @entity45062 :: ('408035(Tax:9031)', 'Gene') :: ['epidermal growth factor']

answer: @entity45062 :: (408035(Tax:9031),Gene) :: ['epidermal growth factor']


abstract: AIM: We present our experience in the treatment of @entity652 and selected cases of @entity5 without evidence of nodal or distant @entity3 (N0-M0) managed by transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM). This study examines our experience evaluating surgical morbidity, mortality and oncological outcome. METHODS: Eight hundred ten @entity1 with rectal lesions (462 @entity652 , 115 T1, 130 T2 and 103 T3) were enrolled. All @entity1 staged preoperatively as T2 and T3 underwent preoperative high dose radiotherapy and since 1997 @entity1 with less than 70 year old and good general conditions also preoperative chemotherapy. RESULTS: Minor complications were observed in 69 @entity1 (8.5%) whereas major complications only in 5 @entity1 (0.6%). Definitive histology confirmed @entity652 in 431 cases (93%), while in 310 malignant lesions we had: 51 pT0 (14.7%), 127 @entity2558 (36.5%), 139 pT2 (39.9%) and 31 @entity1803 (8.9%). Sixteen (4.6%) @entity1 (9 pT2 and 7 @entity1803 ) developed local recurrence whereas 6 (1.7%) @entity1 distant @entity3 . The survival rate at the end of follow-up was 100% for @entity2558 and 90% and 77% for pT2 and @entity1803 @entity1 . CONCLUSION: TEM is safe and effective for @entity652 not removable endoscopically. T1 @entity5 may undergo local excision alone, while T2 and T3 lesions require preoperative radiochemotherapy. The results reported seems to be not very different in terms of local recurrence and survival rate to those after conventional surgery.

title: Transanal endoscopic microsurgery for XXXX : an option to radical surgery?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'distal rectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['rectal adenomas', 'adenomas']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['rectal tumors']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Alternate RNA processing of @entity8187 generates the splice variants @entity8187 a (C9a) and @entity8187 b (C9b). C9b lacks a domain present in C9a, revealing a tumorigenic function that drives the phenotype of @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) cells. In this study, we elucidated the mechanistic underpinnings of the malignant character of this splice isoform. In @entity1149 cells, C9b expression correlated with activation of the canonical arm of the NF-kB pathway, a major pathway linked to the @entity1149 . Mechanistic investigations revealed that C9b activates this pathway via direct interaction with @entity1839 ( @entity1839 ) and subsequent induction of the E3 ligase activity of this IAP family member. The C9b: @entity1839 interaction occurred via the BIR3 domain of @entity1839 and the IAP-binding motif of C9b, but did not require proteolytic cleavage of C9b. This protein:protein interaction was essential for C9b to promote viability and malignant growth of @entity1149 cells in vitro and in vivo, broadly translating to diverse @entity1149 oncogenotypes. Overall, our findings identified a novel point for therapeutic invention in @entity1149 that may be tractable to small-molecule inhibitors, as a new point to broadly address this widespread deadly disease. @entity5 Res; 76(10); 2977-89.   2016 AACR.

title: Caspase-9b Interacts Directly with XXXX to Drive Agonist-Independent Activation of NF-kB and Lung Tumorigenesis.

entities_list: @entity1839 :: ('329', 'Gene') :: ['cIAP1', 'cellular inhibitor of apoptosis 1']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'NSCLC tumorigenesis', 'non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cancer']

answer: @entity1839 :: (329,Gene) :: ['cIAP1']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Primary cutaneous @entity1892 (PCBCL), with the exception of large @entity1892 of leg type and intravascular large @entity1892 , are associated with an excellent prognosis. These @entity706 have become much better understood in recent years leading to the publication in 2005 of the World Health Organization-European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer classification. OBJECTIVES: To determine the relative frequency of occurrence of subtypes of PCBCL in a defined population, and the survival of @entity1 with these subtypes. METHODS: During the period 1987-2009, 61 consecutive @entity1 with PCBCL were identified from the Nottingham Lymphoma Registry (population 1  1 million). After histological review, the number of @entity1 with each subtype was as follows: marginal zone, 18; follicle centre, 14; diffuse large B cell, leg type, 16; diffuse large B cell, other sites, 12; and intravascular large B cell, one. RESULTS: The 5- and 10-year lymphoma-specific survival for @entity1 with @entity1074 was 100%. The only @entity1 with intravascular large @entity1892 died from @entity66 in spite of chemotherapy. The 4-year lymphoma-specific survival for follicle centre cell lymphoma was 90%. @entity1 with the other subtypes had the following 5-year lymphoma-specific survival rates: diffuse large B cell, leg type, 61% and diffuse large B cell, other, 40%. The median age at diagnosis for @entity1 with diffuse large @entity1892 , leg type was 82 years and as a consequence the 5-year overall survival was only 15%. There was a 3  4-fold increase in the incidence of PCBCL from the period 1987-1997 to the period 1998-2009. CONCLUSIONS: PCBCL is a rare disease (incidence around three per million population per year). It is, in our view, essential that it is diagnosed by a pathologist with an interest in @entity706 and that the very different prognosis of the individual subtypes is appreciated by the treating clinician.

title: Primary XXXX in Nottinghamshire U.K.: prognosis of subtypes defined in the WHO-EORTC classification.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['widespread disease']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['cutaneous lymphoma', 'lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity1074 :: ('MESH:D018442', 'Disease') :: ['marginal zone lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ['B-cell lymphomas', 'B-cell lymphoma']

answer: @entity1892 :: (MESH:D016393,Disease) :: ['cutaneous B-cell lymphoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Because @entity3271 are @entity5 , the Mac Donald's response criteria, usually used for solid and contrast-enhanced @entity5 , seem not to be adapted. To precise more relevant radiological criteria, the radiological response of @entity3271 to @entity1485 chemotherapy was evaluated on T2 weighted-MRI sequences only. METHODS: 25 @entity1 with @entity3271 grade A or B were retrospectively analyzed. They were treated with up to six cycles of @entity1485 standard regimen. @entity5 size was calculated before and at the end of the treatment, on T2 weighted-MRI, by two methods: volumetric reconstruction (method 1) and maximal cross-sectional area (method 2). Responses were defined according to new criteria on T2 weighted-MRI. RESULTS: According to these criteria and with the method 1, 7 of 25 @entity1 (28%) had a partial response to the @entity1485 , 14 @entity1 (56%) had stabilized disease, and 4 @entity1 (16%) had progressive disease. With the method 2, 6 had partial response (24%), 18 had stabilized disease (72%) and 1 had progressive disease. CONCLUSION: Response rate to @entity1485 chemotherapy in this study was lower than response observed in the literature. Because of the infiltrative feature of @entity3271 , we think that the radiological response of these @entity5 should be evaluated on T2 weighted-MRI. The two methods of @entity5 size estimation used in this study were almost equivalent. Then, the maximal cross-sectional area measurement, more practical, could be retained.

title: @entity1485 chemotherapy for XXXX : response analyzed on T2 weighted-MRI.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'infiltrative tumors', 'Tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity3271 :: ('MESH:D009837', 'Disease') :: ['oligodendroglioma']

answer: @entity3271 :: (MESH:D009837,Disease) :: ['oligodendroglioma']


abstract: There were studied 19 @entity3822 cases demonstrated by anatomist study. It was evident, at all of them, systemic veiny @entity101 . "Extinguished" cardiac noises and "quiet" heart only appeared at the 42% of the cases. 73% of @entity1 were found with important incapacity. @entity2396 was registered at the 75% of the cases and only at 2 cases (10.9%) it was found reinforcement of pulmonary noise II. It is agree with the haemodynamic discovery of pulmonary pression's light elevation. Characteristically, precordiogrammes showed great "A" wave, and it was agree with telediastolic pression's elevation of the two ventricles obtained by catheterism. Phlebogramme was characteristic of systemic veiny @entity101 by impediment of ventricular filled at all the studied cases. Measurement of cardiac cycle's phases showed diminution at PE, Blumberger's intrasystolic quotient, left expulsion fraction (Carrard's method) and ventricular pression's elevation middle velocity (VPEMV). By the contrary Weissler's index was found elevated. Eventhough found ciphers could be considered like bordering normal values, there is a difference statistically significance in relation with the values that were found in sane subjects. These discoveries were interpreted in the base that the @entity1 's heart with @entity3822 acts at the curve's ascendent part of the ventricular function because it has incapacity to utilize Starling's mechanism. Process' chronicity produces @entity2401 by "discuss" and, by this, ventricular function's improvement can be no immediate to pericardiectomy. Apexcardiogramme shows the impedement to ventricular filled with its diastolic morphology which is very similar to intracavitary pression's curve ("square root's image"). It is postuled the hypothesis that these sicks do not develop important @entity120 , because right ventricle's poor diastolic distension impides generation of major expense and systolic pression and, by other side, the impedement to ventricular filled has repercussion over right auricle and systemic veiny territory much more distensible, with the known clinical consequences.

title: [Phonomechanocardiography of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ["hypertension's syndrome", 'hypertension']

entities_list: @entity3822 :: ('MESH:D010494', 'Disease') :: ['constrictive pericarditis']

entities_list: @entity2396 :: ('MESH:D010493', 'Disease') :: ["Lyan's pericardic protodiastolic crack"]

entities_list: @entity120 :: ('MESH:D006976', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary hypertension']

entities_list: @entity2401 :: ('MESH:D009205', 'Disease') :: ['myocardic atrophy']

answer: @entity3822 :: (MESH:D010494,Disease) :: ['constrictive pericarditis']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We assessed the safety and efficacy of early administration of abciximab prior to percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in @entity583 ( @entity583 ) @entity1 . BACKGROUND: Research suggests that platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor inhibitors, e.g. abciximab, may improve myocardial perfusion. In particular, early administration in the emergency department, prior to PCI, may result in more effective reperfusion. METHODS: Eighty @entity583 @entity1 with planned PCI were randomized in a double-blind fashion to receive a 0.25 mg/kg abciximab bolus either "early" in the emergency department or "late" in the catheterization laboratory after angiographic assessment. In total, 74 @entity1 underwent PCI after diagnostic angiography, all of which then received an abciximab infusion of 0.125 microg/kg/min for 12 hr. RESULTS: Prior to PCI, no significant differences were observed between the two groups regarding the angiographic endpoints or ST-segment resolution. After PCI, thrombolysis in MI (TIMI) frame count (TFC) was significantly improved in @entity1 treated early rather than in those treated late (23 +/- 10 vs. 41 +/- 35; P = 0.02). Consistent trends, also favoring early treatment, were observed for TIMI flow grade 3 (TFG 3), corrected TFC (CTFC), and TIMI myocardial perfusion grade 3 (TMPG 3). Nine deaths (4 early, 5 late) and six significant @entity548 (4 early, 2 late) were observed at 30 days after randomization. CONCLUSIONS: Early administration of abciximab is both feasible and safe in @entity1 planned for primary PCI, increasing coronary flow and myocardial reperfusion after PCI, as demonstrated by significantly decreased TFC scores and trends toward improvements in TFG, CTFC, and TMPG.

title: Early administration of abciximab bolus in the emergency department improves angiographic outcome after primary PCI as assessed by TIMI frame count: results of the early ReoPro administration in XXXX (ERAMI) trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['AMI', 'acute myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarction']


abstract: @entity2332 has been shown to improve neurological outcomes for @entity1 who survive @entity1167 . Timely cooling can be achieved by rapid initiation of a comprehensive targeted temperature protocol, which includes shivering assessment and management. The purpose of the study was to evaluate an updated @entity2332 protocol for @entity1 who survive @entity1167 . The first 6 @entity1 who met inclusion criteria were placed on the updated protocol. These cases were compared with historical cases. Upon discharge or @entity204 , cases were analyzed for time to reach the target temperature, the use of paralytic agents, and discharge disposition. @entity1 placed on the updated protocol cooled 2 hours faster than did the @entity1 from the historical cases (median = 179 vs 285 minutes). The use of paralytic agents appeared to safely accelerate the time to goal temperature. Four of the 6 @entity1 were discharged home or to rehabilitation compared with only 1 @entity1 from the historical cases. Implementing this evidence-based protocol for @entity2332 led to faster cooling.

title: Target temperature within 3 hours: community hospital's experience with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2332 :: ('MESH:D007035', 'Disease') :: ['Therapeutic hypothermia', 'therapeutic hypothermia']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrest']

answer: @entity2332 :: (MESH:D007035,Disease) :: ['therapeutic hypothermia']


abstract: Age-related changes in responses of tracheal muscle strip to @entity1063 (NE), @entity1425 (E), @entity2647 (PE), @entity935 (DA) and @entity3044 (IP) were examined in @entity235 1-55 days of age. NE, E, PE and DA contract tracheal muscle in @entity235 1-12 days of age. NE- and E-induced @entity2472 are potentiated by @entity1169 . Contractile responses are little affected by @entity3897 , but are completely blocked by @entity5333 or @entity5521 . NE-, E-, PE-, and DA-induced @entity2472 gradually decrease with increasing age. @entity934 ( @entity1617 ) contracts and IP slightly relaxes the tracheal muscle at all ages studied. On @entity1617 -contracted tracheal muscle, PE and DA at all ages, and E and NE in 1-18 day old animals, induce a superimposed contraction (SIC) while IP causes a superimposed relaxation (SIR) at all ages. After approximately day 18, E and NE induce SIR while PE and DA still elicit a SIC on @entity1617 -contracted tracheal muscle. These results suggest that E, NE, PE and DA contract the tracheal muscle through alpha adrenergic stimulation; however, beta adrenoceptors seem to be present and functioning to relax the tracheal muscle. As age advances the alpha receptor responses progressively decline; however, alpha receptors still respond to adrenergic agonists at relatively lower level of sensitivity in older animals.

title: Postnatal developmental changes in adrenergic receptor responses of the XXXX tracheal muscle.

entities_list: @entity1169 :: ('MESH:D011433', 'Chemical') :: ['propranolol']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity1425 :: ('MESH:D004837', 'Chemical') :: ['epinephrine']

entities_list: @entity5521 :: ('MESH:D010646', 'Chemical') :: ['phentolamine']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['Acetylcholine']

entities_list: @entity5333 :: ('MESH:D010643', 'Chemical') :: ['phenoxybenzamine']

entities_list: @entity2647 :: ('MESH:D010656', 'Chemical') :: ['phenylephrine']

entities_list: @entity3897 :: ('MESH:D001285', 'Chemical') :: ['atropine']

entities_list: @entity3044 :: ('MESH:D007545', 'Chemical') :: ['isoproterenol']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['norepinephrine']

entities_list: @entity2472 :: ('MESH:C536214', 'Disease') :: ['contractions']

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['dog']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to assess whether a diet of >= 50% breast milk (BM) was associated with earlier transition off @entity3147 ( @entity3147 ) in neonates with @entity344 . METHODS: This retrospective study assessed enteral feeding outcomes of neonates with surgical @entity344 admitted within the first week of life to a single center between January 1, 2012 and August 10, 2015. Outcomes were assessed according to diet from the point of first enteral intake through 7 days of full enteral feeds. Diets were classified as 100%, >= 50%, or <50% BM. RESULTS: One hundred sixty-three @entity1 with an average gestational age of 36 weeks (range 28-40) and birthweight of 2570   g (range 1250-4900) were included. Significant differences in days to full enteral feeds between the 100% and <50% BM groups were found (median 21 versus 32 days; p   =   0.023). There were no significant differences between the 100% and >= 50% BM (p   =   0.05) or >= 50% versus <50% BM groups (p   =   0.74). The 100% BM group had significantly fewer days on @entity3147 compared to the >= 50% BM group (median 21 versus 28.5 days, p   =   0.034). Hospital length of stay was significantly shorter in the 100% BM group, which was discharged an average of 10 and 13.5 days sooner than the >= 50% and <50% BM groups (p   <   0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Neonates with specific @entity344 who received a 100% BM diet were found to achieve earlier full enteral feeds, have shorter @entity3147 courses, and be discharged from the hospital significantly sooner than those who received diets that included formula.

title: Effects of a Breast Milk Diet on Enteral Feeding Outcomes of Neonates with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['GI disorders', 'gastrointestinal (GI) disorders']

entities_list: @entity3147 :: ('MESH:D044342', 'Disease') :: ['parenteral nutrition', 'PN']

answer: @entity344 :: (MESH:D005767,Disease) :: ['Gastrointestinal Disorders']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Despite substantial improvements in surgical and anesthesiological practices leading to decreased mortality of less than 5  % at high-volume centers, pancreatic surgery is still associated with high morbidity rates of up to 50  %. Attention is increasingly directed toward the optimization of perioperative management to reduce complications and enhance postoperative recovery. Currently, two different strategies for @entity282 management after pancreatoduodenectomy are being routinely used: @entity1 -controlled intravenous analgesia and @entity1337 . Evidence is lacking to assess which strategy entails fewer @entity260 . METHODS/DESIGN: The PAKMAN trial is designed as an adaptive, pragmatic, randomized, controlled, multicenter, open-label, superiority trial with two parallel study groups. A total of 370 @entity1 scheduled for elective pancreatoduodenectomy will be randomized after giving written informed consent, and 278 @entity1 are needed for analysis. @entity1 with chronic @entity788 , severe @entity1030 ( @entity1030 ), American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status classification   >=    IV, or @entity1118 will be excluded. The group A intervention includes intraoperative general anesthesia and postoperative @entity1 -controlled intravenous analgesia; the group B intervention comprises combined intraoperative general anesthesia and epidural analgesia with postoperative epidural analgesia. The primary endpoint of this trial is a composite of the @entity344 ( @entity356 , @entity3472 , biliary leak, @entity360 , and @entity86 ) up to postoperative day 30. The aim is to investigate whether the frequency of @entity344 following pancreatoduodenectomy can be reduced by 15  % using postoperative, @entity1 -controlled intravenous analgesia compared with epidural analgesia. DISCUSSION: Several previous studies investigating the two different strategies for @entity282 management have mainly focused on their effectiveness in @entity158 control. However, the PAKMAN trial is the first to compare them with regard to their impact on the surgical endpoint "postoperative @entity344 " after pancreatoduodenectomy. TRIAL REGISTRATION: German Clinical Trials Register, DRKS00007784.

title: Intravenous versus epidural analgesia to reduce the incidence of XXXX after elective pancreatoduodenectomy (the PAKMAN trial, DRKS 00007784): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal bleeding']

entities_list: @entity1337 :: ('MESH:D000699', 'Disease') :: ['thoracic epidural analgesia']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal complications']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity3472 :: ('MESH:D010185', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic fistula']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative ileus']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease', 'COPD']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative pain']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain syndrome']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['delayed gastric emptying']

answer: @entity344 :: (MESH:D005767,Disease) :: ['gastrointestinal complications']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The Japan Advanced @entity130 Evaluation and Care (JATEC) education program was introduced in 2002. To examine its effect on the survival of @entity130 @entity1 , we investigated changes in @entity130 mortality in Japan in the years after JATEC was introduced. STUDY DESIGN: We included @entity1 registered in the Japan @entity130 Databank (JTDB) from 2004 to 2011 with clear in-hospital mortality and sufficient data to estimate the @entity130 Severity Score (TRISS). @entity1 were grouped into the early (2004-2006), transition (2007-2008), and late (2009-2011) cohorts. We performed logistic regression analyses after adjusting for TRISS to estimate risk of @entity204 in the transition and late cohorts compared with the early cohort. Stratified logistic regression analyses showed which characteristics contributed to the changes in mortality. RESULTS: Of 94,664 @entity1 registered in the JTDB, 47,095 were selected. Adjusted mortality was significantly lower in the late cohort (odds ratio = 0.68; 95% CI, 0.61-0.76) than in the early cohort (reference). Stratification analyses demonstrated significant interactions in @entity1 with or without any chest or abdominal surgery (odds ratio = 0.83 vs 0.68; p < 0.001 in the late cohort) and in @entity1 with TRISS probability of survival <0.5 or >=  0.5 (odds ratio = 0.71 vs 0.67 for TRISS probability of survival >=  0.5; p < 0.001 in the late cohort). CONCLUSIONS: Since 2007, mortality has decreased in @entity1 with mild @entity130 ; however, mortality was significantly worse for severely injured @entity1 or @entity1 requiring surgical procedures. These findings suggest that definitive @entity130 care in Japan should be strengthened.

title: In-hospital @entity130 mortality has decreased in Japan possibly due to XXXX education.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['trauma injury', 'Trauma', 'Trauma Injury', 'trauma']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['trauma']


abstract: AIMS: To ensure that all @entity195 centres across Europe are capable of using a similar method of data collection. Information about the @entity1 assessment tools used by each participating centre was obtained and normal clinical practice in each EADC centre was documented by collecting data from routine new @entity1 consultation. METHODS: Twenty new consecutive @entity1 with objective @entity2414 were recruited in each @entity195 over 6 months. Each @entity1 consultation was carried out according to routine clinical practice. @entity1 data were recorded using the anonymous @entity1 protocol (demographic, diagnosis, MMSE score, @entity1 assessment scales, and most prominent behavioural problem). Information about neuropsychological assessment tools used in each centre was take to account to harmonise research practice for future multicentre collaboration. RESULTS: Seven hundred and four @entity1 from 36 memory clinics in 13 countries across Europe participated in the study. [M:F ratio 0.67. Mean age 75.4 SD 9.3 (51-102) Mean MMSE 21 SD 6 (0-30)] Five hundred and fifty-five @entity1 had a clinical diagnosis of @entity303 [ @entity195 (68.5%), @entity1294 (10.3%), @entity75 (5.6%), @entity1832 (4.1%), mixed @entity303 (5.6%)]. Duration of symptoms: 0-6 months 6.5%; 6-12 months 16.1%; 1-2 years 30.5%; 2-5 years 46.9%. Assessment scales used: Clinical @entity303 Rating (CDR) 48.9%, Reisberg's Global Deterioration Scale (GDS) 38.6%, ADL/IADL (Lawton and Brody, 1969) 37.5%, Neuropsychological Inventory (NPI) 28.6%, Geriatric @entity308 Scale 22%, ADL (Katz et al., 1963) 19.2%, ADAS-Cog 14.9%, Cornell Scale for @entity308 12.9%, Grober and Bushke Selective Reminding Test 11.5%, ADCS/ADL 7.7%. 64.8% of the @entity1 experienced behavioural symptoms: apathy 13.6%; @entity148 12.8%; dysphoria 9.9%; irritability 7.8%; agitation 5.5%; @entity1833 3.6%; delusions 3.6%, @entity25 2.4%; desinhibition 2%. CONCLUSIONS: The most common type of @entity73 was @entity195 followed by mild @entity73 and @entity1294 . CDR, GDS Reisberg, and ADL/IADL were used widely (40-50%). The NPI, geriatric @entity308 scale and ADL (Katz, 1963) were only used in 20% of the centres. We verified large differences in the tools use in the EADC centres to evaluate @entity1 with @entity303 across Europe. There is a need for a consensus in the use of assessment tools for @entity303 in @entity195 in Europe.

title: The need for a consensus in the use of assessment tools for @entity195 : the Feasibility Study (assessment tools for XXXX in @entity195 Centres across Europe), a European @entity195 Consortium's (EADC) survey.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['Dementia', 'dementia']

entities_list: @entity1294 :: ('MESH:D015140', 'Disease') :: ['vascular dementia']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['frontal lobe dementia']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment', 'cognitive decline']

entities_list: @entity1833 :: ('MESH:D006212', 'Disease') :: ['hallucinations']

entities_list: @entity1832 :: ('MESH:D020961', 'Disease') :: ['Lewy body dementia']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["Alzheimer's centres", 'Alzheimer centre', 'Alzheimer', "Alzheimer's disease"]

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['memory impairment']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['sleep disorder']

answer: @entity303 :: (MESH:D003704,Disease) :: ['dementia']


abstract: @entity3256 resistance (mec) is not transduced into @entity794 8325-4, but is transduced into this host after it has been lysogenized with @entity48886 and has acquired the penicillinase plasmid pI524 by a separate transduction (Cohen and Sweeney, 1970, 1973). Strain 8325-4 is competent for transformation of typical plasmid or chromosomal markers and for mec only if it is lysogenic for phi11 or a related prophage (Sj  str  m et al., 1974, 1975). A mutant strain of phi11 that was temperature sensitive (Ts) for vegetative multiplication did not mediate competence for transformation of its 8325-4 lysogen if the lysogen had been grown at a nonpermissive temperature (Sj  str  m and Philipson, 1974). We isolated four Ts mutants of phi11 that did not mediate transducibility of their 8325-4(pI524) lysogens for mec after growth at nonpermissive temperatures (40 to 42 degrees C). Transduction of typical plasmid or chromosomal markers was not affected. These phi11-Ts mutants mediated normal competence of their lysogens for transformation of a @entity803 resistance plasmid. Similarly, phi11-Ts mutants that rendered their lysogens temperature sensitive for transformation did not depress the frequency of transduction of mec. These two types of phi11-Ts mutants fell into two different genetic complementation groups that differed in the physiology of deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis and in the time of expression of the mutations during a single-burst growth cycle at a nonpermissive temperature. A virulent mutant of phi11, which plaqued with 100% efficiency on 8325(phi11), also failed to condition strain 8325-4 for transducibility of mec but retained the ability to confer competence for transformation of a @entity803 resistance plasmid. Different genetic loci and physiological functions are involved in phi11 mutations that affect transducibility of mec and those that affect competence for transformation of markers generally in @entity794 8325-4.

title: Mutations in prophage phi11 that impair the transducibility of their @entity794 lysogens for XXXX resistance.

entities_list: @entity3256 :: ('MESH:D008712', 'Chemical') :: ['Methicillin']

entities_list: @entity803 :: ('MESH:D013752', 'Chemical') :: ['tetracycline']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus', 'S. aureus']

answer: @entity3256 :: (MESH:D008712,Chemical) :: ['methicillin']