abstract: A long-term clinical and therapeutic study was performed in 47 @entity1 with @entity631 . The male to female ration was 2.9:1. An episode of gross haematuria or the incidental discovery of asymptomatic microscopic haematuria with associated mild @entity644 heralded the apparent onset of @entity8 . At the onset of observation 18 @entity1 (38.2%) had @entity101 . Other 17 @entity1 developed @entity101 during observation. @entity417 was uncommon. No @entity854 in serum protein and lipid patterns were found. Twenty-nine @entity1 (61.6%) had higher levels of serum immunoglobulins--most frequently of IgA (42.5%). Twenty-two @entity1 had low serum C3 levels (46.8%). The percentage of @entity1 with @entity177 increased from 21.2 to 36.1 during observation. Male sex, @entity101 , @entity644 higher than 2 g/24 h, elevated ESR, high serum IgA levels, longer duration of the disease and older age of @entity1 suggest an unfavourable outcome. Long-term treatment with a combination of @entity500 / @entity36954 , or @entity3352 , or @entity7305 has no effect on the clinical manifestation and evolution.

title: Clinical and therapeutic studies in mesangial immunoglobulin A XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal disease']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['high blood pressure', 'hypertension']

entities_list: @entity500 :: ('MESH:D001379', 'Chemical') :: ['azathioprine']

entities_list: @entity7305 :: ('MESH:D007978', 'Chemical') :: ['levamisole']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['essential abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity36954 :: ('CHEBI:53766', 'Chemical') :: ['acenocumarol']

entities_list: @entity3352 :: ('MESH:D007213', 'Chemical') :: ['indomethacin']

entities_list: @entity631 :: ('MESH:D005921', 'Disease') :: ['mesangial IgA glomerulonephritis']

answer: @entity631 :: (MESH:D005921,Disease) :: ['glomerulonephritis']


abstract: We have recently shown that resting @entity1 mast cells (MCs) produce @entity3479 ( @entity3479 ) without simultaneously expressing @entity2289 ( @entity2289 ). In the present study we have identified the anaphylatoxin rhC5a as a potent inducer of @entity2289 expression in @entity1 MCs and basophils. In primary @entity1 skin MCs and primary blood basophils, exposure to rhC5a was followed by an increase from undetectable to significant levels of @entity2289 . In addition, rhC5a induced a concentration- and time-dependent increase in @entity2289 antigen in the MC line HMC-1 and the basophil cell line KU-812 and increased the expression of @entity2289 mRNA in HMC-1. In conditioned media of HMC-1 treated with rhC5a, active @entity2289 could be detected. A simultaneous loss of @entity3479 activity in conditioned media from the same cells indicated that rhC5a-induced @entity2289 was capable of inhibiting the enzymatic activity of coproduced @entity3479 . Correspondingly, the levels of @entity3479 - @entity2289 complexes increased in rhC5a-treated cells. When HMC-1 cells were incubated with pertussis toxin or anti- @entity2242 antibodies, the effect of rhC5a on @entity2289 production was completely abolished. Treatment of C5a with plasmin resulted in loss of its ability to induce @entity2289 production in MCs. Considering the suggested role for MCs and components of the complement system in the development of @entity65 , we hypothesize that MCs, by producing @entity3479 in a resting state and by expressing @entity2289 when activated by C5a, might participate in the modulation of the balance between proteases and protease inhibitors regulating tissue injury and repair in such disease processes.

title: C5a stimulates production of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in XXXX mast cells and basophils.

entities_list: @entity2289 :: ('5054', 'Gene') :: ['plasminogen activator inhibitor 1', 'PAI-1']

entities_list: @entity3479 :: ('5327', 'Gene') :: ['tissue-type plasminogen activator', 't-PA']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular diseases']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Cervical @entity1513 may develop in @entity1 with a variety of conditions. It commonly occurs following cervical spine surgery. To our knowledge, no specific physical examination finding in @entity1 with cervical @entity1513 has been previously described. It has been our observation that @entity1 with symptomatic cervical @entity1513 often have prominent, taut, and painful trapezius muscles. We coined the term cervical @entity1513 trapezius sign (CKTS). This article describes the use of this sign as a clinical marker for management and outcome assessment. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the files of symptomatic cervical @entity1513 @entity1 who have been treated by the senior author (E.C.B.) and have been photographed. We also quantified the reliability and accuracy of CKTS by presenting clinical photographs to health care providers. RESULTS: Fifteen @entity1 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. All @entity1 had preoperative photographs of their neck that showed the CKTS. Six @entity1 were treated conservatively and nine underwent surgical correction. Mean follow-up for surgical cases was 14.7 months. Postoperative neck photographs demonstrated a normalization of the prominent and painful trapezius muscle in each case. When examining the reliability of CKTS, we found overall interobserver reliability to be 0.671 with an intraobserver reliability of 0.678. CONCLUSION: CKTS is a simple, objective, and potentially clinically useful indicator of cervical @entity85 . Resolution of CKTS postoperatively had an associated high rate of @entity158 relief. Therefore, the presence of CKTS in a symptomatic @entity1 with cervical @entity1513 is a potential indicator for surgical correction of the deformity.

title: Cervical XXXX trapezius sign: a new sign for an old pathology.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['kyphotic deformity']

answer: @entity1513 :: (MESH:D007738,Disease) :: ['kyphosis']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity16970 phenomenon (KMP) is characterized by @entity882 , @entity2106 , @entity1003 , and an enlarging @entity455 . It is a rare and life-threatening disease of @entity5 . The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of absolute @entity1068 in the treatment of KMP. METHODS: We treated 8 pediatric @entity1 with KMP by using absolute @entity1068 injections, whose cases failed previously when applied @entity134 therapy. We reviewed the clinical and laboratory data of these 8 cases at Nanjing @entity1 's Hospital in China. RESULTS: Eight pediatric @entity1 (5 female and 3 male) showed @entity5 regression after treatments. Core needle biopsy had been performed on the 8 @entity1 , and the results included 7 kaposiform @entity8146 and one @entity24429 . All @entity1 had an increase in platelet count. All @entity1003 were corrected. Complications included one @entity1 with flush on face, one @entity1 with needle scars, and one @entity1 with a small area of local tissue @entity39 . CONCLUSION: Absolute @entity1068 therapy presents a safe option in the treatment of KMP. Treatment-associated complications seemed to be reversible and acceptable by severity levels. Direct intralesional injection of absolute @entity1068 provides a simple and reliable alternative treatment for KMP among @entity1 and may be used as the second-line therapy.

title: Treating Kaposiform Hemangioendothelioma With XXXX Phenomenon by Intralesional Injection of Absolute @entity1068 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Children', 'patient', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular lesion']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'vascular tumor']

entities_list: @entity16970 :: ('MESH:D059885', 'Disease') :: ['Kasabach-Merritt']

entities_list: @entity1003 :: ('MESH:D001778', 'Disease') :: ['coagulopathies', 'consumptive coagulopathy']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity24429 :: ('MESH:C536924', 'Disease') :: ['tufted angioma']

entities_list: @entity8146 :: ('MESH:D006390', 'Disease') :: ['hemangioendotheliomas']

entities_list: @entity2106 :: ('MESH:D011697', 'Disease') :: ['microangiopathic hemolytic anemia']

answer: @entity16970 :: (MESH:D059885,Disease) :: ['Kasabach-Merritt']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Tubularized Incised-Plate (TIP) urethroplasty is currently the preferred technique for @entity2650 repair. Nevertheless, concerns have been raised on the long-term functionality of the reconstructed neourethra. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to evaluate long-term uroflowmetry parameters' evolution after TIP surgery over a long-term follow-up including the adolescent period. TIP @entity1 were compared to normal @entity1 using established Miskolc nomograms, as well as to @entity1 who underwent Mathieu and Meatal Advancement and Glanuloplasty (MAGPI) surgery repairs for @entity2650 . STUDY DESIGN: Files from @entity1 who underwent primary @entity2650 repair at our institution between January 1, 1997 and January 31, 2001 were reviewed. Only @entity1 with documented serial postoperative uroflowmetry profiles at follow-up visits were included. Comparison between surgeries (TIP vs. Mathieu vs. MAGPI) was performed according to the following postoperative time interval endpoints: 0-6 months, 6-12 months, 12-24 months, 24-48 months, 4-6 years, 6-10 years and >10 years. Maximal urinary flow rate (Qmax) in relation to Voiding Volume (VV) adjusted for Age or Body Surface Area (BSA) were also evaluated in comparison to normal @entity1 using established Miskolc nomograms and compared between surgery techniques. RESULTS: 153 @entity1 met the inclusion criteria: 70 (43%) TIP, 24 (17%) Mathieu and 59 (35%) MAGPI. Overall, Qmax increases progressively according to time and age and in particular during the period covering adolescence with a similar trend regardless of the type of surgery. Uroflowmetry profiles in terms of Qmax, VV and PVR were equivalent between surgeries at each examined time point. At 10 years of follow-up postopertively, mean Qmax were 17.2  ml/s, 18.8  ml/s and 21.6  ml/s respectively with no significant difference detected between groups (p  =  0.344). Compared to normal @entity1 when adjusted for voiding volume and BSA, the proportion of obstructive uroflowmetry patterns defined as Qmax< 5th percentile of nomograms was more prevalent in @entity1 aged 2-7 years old at 60% but decreased to less than 10%in @entity1 aged >13 years for all procedures combined (see abstract figure) but without detected differences between surgery types (p  =  0.276). DISCUSSION: After sub-optimal obstructive maximal urinary flows in the early postoperative period, @entity2650 @entity1 treated with TIP exhibit favourable long-term evolution with age and during adolescence in particular compared to normal @entity1 . In addition, a similar trend was found for @entity1 treated with Mathieu and MAGPI with no significant differences detected between procedures. Nevertheless, because of the relatively small sample size we cannot exclude that a statistical difference between surgeries would have been detected if the study was adequately powered on every endpoint. Nevertheless and also as suggested by the values obtained, this potential difference may be quite small and not clinically relevant. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the obstructive urinary flow pattern observed in @entity1 early on is possibly an intrinsic feature associated to the @entity600 itself and may be less of a consequence of the surgical technique.

title: Long-term functional outcomes of XXXX repair: A single center retrospective comparative study of TIPs, Mathieu and MAGPI.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2650 :: ('MESH:D007021', 'Disease') :: ['distal hypospadias', 'hypospadias']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['malformation']

answer: @entity2650 :: (MESH:D007021,Disease) :: ['distal hypospadias']


abstract: PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review will attempt to summarize recent clinical and experimental data on @entity1160 's use in @entity3124 . It will try to present the concept of @entity1160 as a 'drug' or 'nutraceutical', given in addition to standard nutritional support. RECENT FINDINGS: @entity1160 , traditionally considered to be a nonessential @entity535 , is now considered as 'conditionally essential' following critical @entity130 . States of @entity3124 lead to significant decreases in plasma levels of @entity1160 and when this decrease is severe it has been correlated with increased mortality. Laboratory data have demonstrated numerous benefits of @entity1160 in experimental models of @entity3124 , including attenuated proinflammatory cytokine expression, improved gut barrier function, enhanced ability to mount a stress response, improved immune cell function, and decreased mortality. Over the last 10 years clinical trials of @entity1160 supplementation in @entity3124 have shown benefit with regard to mortality, length of stay, and infectious morbidity. However, data demonstrating a lack of benefit with @entity1160 supplementation in the critically ill have been presented as well. It appears that dose and route of administration clearly influence the benefit observed from @entity1160 administration, with high-dose, parenteral @entity1160 demonstrating an advantage over low-dose, enteral @entity1160 . SUMMARY: High-dose or parenteral (>0.20-0.30 g/kg/day or > or =30 g/day) @entity1160 appears to demonstrate the greatest potential for benefit in critically ill @entity1 . No evidence of harm has been observed in studies conducted to date, thus further clinical trials utilizing @entity1160 as a pharmacologic supplement to standard nutrition are warranted.

title: Role of L-glutamine in XXXX : new insights.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1160 :: ('CHEBI:28300', 'Chemical') :: ['Glutamine', 'glutamine']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity3124 :: ('MESH:D016638', 'Disease') :: ['critical illness']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['illness and injury']

answer: @entity3124 :: (MESH:D016638,Disease) :: ['critical illness']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Complement has both protective and pathogenic functions in @entity1252 due to a balance between its role in the clearance of immune complexes (ICs) and apoptotic cells and its role in @entity32 . The classical pathway contributes to IC and apoptotic cell clearance, whereas the alternative pathway is a key mediator of renal @entity32 . The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a new targeted inhibitor of the alternative pathway, @entity20305 -fH, on @entity8 in MRL/lpr @entity19 . METHODS: @entity19 were treated with either saline, @entity20305 -fH, @entity20305 -Crry (which inhibits all complement pathways), or soluble @entity20305 (sCR2; C3d-binding targeting vehicle). Sera were analyzed every 2 weeks for autoantibodies, circulating ICs, and C3. Urinary excretion of albumin was also determined, and kidneys were collected at 23 weeks for histologic evaluation. RESULTS: Treatment with @entity20305 -fH or @entity20305 -Crry improved survival and significantly reduced @entity644 , glomerular C3 deposition, and the level of circulating ICs. @entity20305 -fH, but not @entity20305 -Crry, also significantly reduced @entity631 , expression of serum anti-double-stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA) antibodies, and glomerular IgG and @entity13697 deposition. Interestingly, sCR2 also significantly reduced the levels of anti-dsDNA antibodies and circulating ICs and reduced glomerular deposition of IgG, @entity13697 , and C3, although there was no significant reduction in @entity631 , @entity644 , or mortality. CONCLUSION: Targeted and selective inhibition of the alternative complement pathway is an effective treatment of @entity19 @entity1252 and is more effective than blockade of all pathways. The data demonstrate benefits to leaving the classical/lectin pathways intact and indicate distinct roles for the classical and alternative pathways of complement in disease progression. The sCR2-targeting vehicle contributes to therapeutic activity, possibly via modulation of @entity792 .

title: The benefit of targeted and selective inhibition of the alternative complement pathway for modulating @entity792 and XXXX in MRL/lpr @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['lupus-like renal disease']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity631 :: ('MESH:D005921', 'Disease') :: ['glomerulonephritis']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmunity']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['renal disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: It has been suggested that dealing with @entity5 is associated with increased stress and burnout in health-care professionals. The aim of this study is to examine the prevalence of @entity146 morbidity and burnout in surgeons working in the @entity283 ( @entity283 ), and the putative relationship between @entity146 morbidity, burnout and the amount of @entity5 -related work. METHODS: All consultant @entity14 identified from their professional societies were sent a booklet consisting of questions about @entity5 -related and specialty-specific work load, job satisfaction and socio-demographics. It also included the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) and the Coping Questionnaire. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent predictors of @entity146 morbidity (GHQ), burnout (MBI) and retirement intentions. RESULTS: Five hundred and one questionnaire booklets were completed and returned (response rate 58.7%). The mean age of respondents was 47 years (range 31-65). The majority of the surgeons were male (460, 92%). One hundred and sixty-three (33%) surgeons scored in the positive range of the GHQ, and 154 (32%) had high burnout on at least one subscale of the MBI. Three hundred and eighty-three (77%) surgeons stated that they intended to retire before the statutory retirement age. Level of work satisfaction and perceived adequacy of training in communication and management skills were significantly negatively correlated with GHQ and MBI scores. Surgeons who planned to take early retirement or wished to retire as soon as they could afford to were more likely to have @entity146 morbidity and/or burnout. Surgeons who were married or cohabiting were less likely to have @entity146 morbidity, and younger surgeons were more likely to have higher levels of depersonalization (DP). Work satisfaction was negatively correlated with @entity146 morbidity and all three burnout scales. Colorectal surgeons had a greater @entity5 -related workload than vascular surgeons (48.6 vs 7.5%, respectively, U=2667, p<0.005). However, there were no significant differences between the two groups in @entity146 morbidity, personal accomplishment and emotional exhaustion. Vascular surgeons, however, had significantly higher levels of DP (p=0.04). CONCLUSION: Levels of @entity146 morbidity, burnout and work dissatisfaction are worryingly high in @entity14 and are likely to impact adversely on @entity1 satisfaction and service quality. The number of surgeons intending to retire early is also a cause for concern both in terms of the overall number of trained surgeons in the @entity283 and in the balance between senior and junior surgeons. Apart from DP, these indicators of stress, however, were unrelated to @entity5 workload.

title: Stress and burnout in colorectal and vascular surgical consultants working in the UK XXXX .

entities_list: @entity283 :: ('OMIM:603663', 'Disease') :: ['NHS', 'National Health Service']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal and vascular surgeons']

answer: @entity283 :: (OMIM:603663,Disease) :: ['National Health Service']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity310 inhibitors have been shown to reduce the risk of @entity16 and improve physical function and quality of life in @entity1 with @entity309 ( @entity309 ). This is the first Cochrane review of certolizumab pegol, a new @entity310 inhibitor. OBJECTIVES: To assess the effectiveness and safety of certolizumab pegol ( @entity59368 ) in @entity1 with @entity309 who have not responded well to conventional disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs). SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (The Cochrane Library 2009, Issue 3),   MEDLINE (1966 to November 2009), EMBASE (1966 to November 2009), Scopus (January 2004 to November 2009), TOXLINE (until November 2009), Web of Knowledge (until November 2009); websites of the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and European Medicines Evaluation Agency (EMEA) (until November 2009), and reference lists of articles. SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomised controlled trials that compared certolizumab pegol with any other agent including placebo or @entity1499 ( @entity1500 ) in adult @entity309 @entity1 with active @entity309 despite current or prior treatment with conventional DMARDs, such as @entity1499 ( @entity1500 ). DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two authors independently assessed search results, trial quality and extracted data. MAIN RESULTS: Five trials were included. We included in the analysis 2394 @entity1 for effectiveness and 2094 @entity1 for safety. The duration of follow-up was from 12 to 52 weeks, and the range of doses of certolizumab pegol were from 50 to 400 mg subcutaneously (sc). In three trials the control was placebo plus @entity1499 ( @entity1500 ) and in two trials it was just placebo. Significant improvements were observed at 24 weeks with the approved dose of 200 mg certolizumab pegol: American College of Rheumatology (ACR) 50% improvement: risk ratio (RR) 6.01 (95% CI 3.84 to 9.40) with an absolute benefit of 29% (95% CI 25% to 34%), number needed to treat to benefit (NNTB) of 4 (3 to 5) and the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) mean difference (MD) - 0.39 (95% CI -0.45 to -0.32) (scale 0 to 3). At 52 weeks the results were quite similar: ACR 50% improvement RR 5.27 (95% CI 3.19 to 8.71), HAQ mean difference (MD) - 0.42 (95% CI -0.52 to -0.32). Serious adverse events were more frequent for certolizumab pegol 200 mg, Peto OR 2.02 (95% CI 1.24 to 3.30). The most common adverse events with certolizumab pegol 200 mg were: upper @entity1729 , Peto OR 2.21 (95% CI 1.15 to 4.25); @entity101 , Peto OR 2.81 (95% CI 1.38 to 5.75); and @entity11266 , Peto OR 2.71 (95% CI 1.30 to 5.66). AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: With an overall high grade of evidence this review revealed an improvement of clinical results (ACR50, 28 @entity2720 activity score (DAS-28) remission and HAQ scores) with certolizumab pegol.  Adverse events were more frequent with certolizumab; there was a statistically significant increase in the number of serious adverse events, @entity281 and @entity101 .

title: Certolizumab pegol ( @entity59368 ) for XXXX in adults.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity11266 :: ('MESH:D009304', 'Disease') :: ['nasopharyngitis']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['joint damage']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity1729 :: ('MESH:D012141', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory tract infections']

entities_list: @entity2720 :: ('MESH:D007592', 'Disease') :: ['joint disease']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA']

answer: @entity309 :: (MESH:D001172,Disease) :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity31 ( @entity31 ) @entity1 have an increased risk of @entity14 . The purpose of this study was to analyze the clinical features and surgical treatment of @entity31 associated with @entity1141 or @entity189 . METHODS: We operated on 41 @entity31 @entity1 since April 2000. Twelve of the cases were associated with @entity1141 or @entity189 . Ten @entity1 were male and two were female; the median age was 58.0 years, and the average duration of disease was 19.2 years. Nine cases were pancolitis type and three were left-sided type. Six cases were remission-relapsing type and six were chronic inflammation type. In 10 of 12 cases, @entity1141 or @entity189 was diagnosed before the operations. Nine cases were primary operations and two were second-time operations. RESULTS: Among ten @entity1 who underwent primary operations, four @entity1 had open surgery and six @entity1 had hand-assisted laparoscopic surgery (HALS). Seven @entity1 received anus/anal sphincter-preserving operations with reconstruction by the ileal pouch technique. Ileal pouch anal-canal @entity254 (IPACA) was performed in five cases and ileal pouch anal @entity254 (IPAA) in two cases. Abdomino-peritoneal resection was performed in two cases, proctcolectomy with permanent ileostomy in one case, and right hemicolectomy in one case. A 39-year-old @entity1 was unresectable due to dissemination of the @entity189 . A 55-year-old @entity1 who underwent IPACA showed night soiling postoperatively. Other @entity1 who received IPAA and IPACA showed favorable anal function postoperatively. Histological examination showed low-grade @entity1141 in two cases, high-grade @entity1141 in three cases, and @entity420 in seven cases. In the seven cases of @entity420 , four, two, and one cases were stage 1, 3, and 4 according to TNM classification. Three of five cases with @entity1141 were detected by surveillance colonoscopy. All @entity1 with @entity189 were symptomatic and did not undergo surveillance colonoscopy. CONCLUSIONS: IPACA by HALS was safely performed as an anal-preserving operation in @entity31 @entity1 with @entity1141 or @entity189 . Non-anal-preserving operations for aged @entity1 showed a preferable postoperative course. Surveillance colonoscopy is essential for detecting @entity1141 before the development of @entity189 .

title: Surgical resections of @entity31 associated with @entity1141 or XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative colitis', 'UC', 'Ulcerative colitis']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal dysplasia and carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['dysplasia']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Catheter ablation is important for treatment of @entity955 ( @entity955 ). Limited animal and @entity1 studies suggest a correlation between electrode-tissue contact and radiofrequency lesion generation. OBJECTIVES: The study sought to assess the safety and effectiveness of an irrigated, @entity5526 ( @entity5526 )-sensing catheter in the treatment of drug refractory symptomatic @entity955 . METHODS: A prospective, multicenter, nonrandomized study was conducted. Enrollment criteria included: >= 3 symptomatic episodes of @entity955 within 6 months of enrollment and failure of >= 1 antiarrhythmic drug (Class I to IV). Ablation included pulmonary vein isolation with confirmed entrance block as procedural endpoint. RESULTS: A total of 172 @entity1 were enrolled at 21 sites, where 161 @entity1 had a study catheter inserted and 160 @entity1 underwent radiofrequency application. Procedural-related serious adverse events occurring within 7 days of the procedure included tamponade (n = 4), @entity2396 (n = 3), @entity616 (n = 1, prior to radiofrequency application), and vascular access complications (n = 4). By Kaplan-Meier analyses, 12-month freedom from @entity955 / @entity956 atrial @entity591 recurrence was 72.5%. The average @entity5526 per procedure was 17.9    9.4 g. When the @entity5526 employed was between investigator selected working ranges >= 80% of the time during therapy, outcomes were 4.25 times more likely to be successful (p = 0.0054; 95% confidence interval: 1.53 to 11.79). CONCLUSIONS: The SMART-AF trial demonstrated that this irrigated @entity5526 -sensing catheter is safe and effective for the treatment of drug refractory symptomatic @entity955 , with no unanticipated device-related adverse events. The increased percent of time within investigator-targeted @entity5526 ranges correlates with increased freedom from @entity943 recurrence. Stable @entity5526 during radiofrequency application increases the likelihood of 12-month success. (THERMOCOOL   SMARTTOUCH   Catheter for Treatment of Symptomatic Paroxysmal @entity955 ; NCT01385202).

title: Paroxysmal AF catheter ablation with a XXXX sensing catheter: results of the prospective, multicenter SMART-AF trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2396 :: ('MESH:D010493', 'Disease') :: ['pericarditis']

entities_list: @entity5526 :: ('MESH:D003877', 'Disease') :: ['contact force', 'CF']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity956 :: ('MESH:D001282', 'Disease') :: ['atrial flutter/']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation', 'paroxysmal atrial fibrillation', 'Atrial Fibrillation', 'PAF']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmia']

entities_list: @entity616 :: ('MESH:D006327', 'Disease') :: ['heart block']

answer: @entity5526 :: (MESH:D003877,Disease) :: ['contact force']


abstract: @entity706 is a very rare form of large @entity1892 which is characterized by selective growth of @entity706 cells within the lumina of small blood vessels. We report a 64-year-old @entity1 visited hospital because of persistent cough, intermittent high fever as high as 38.7  C and occasional @entity1353 . Her chest CT showed @entity55 and @entity378 skin test (PPD test) was positive. She was suspected with @entity378 and treated with anti- @entity378 drugs. However, her symptoms and general condition deteriorated, and she visited our hospital. She had no abnormal findings on physical examination, but had abnormal laboratory findings, including decreased hemoglobin, elevated LDH and @entity1851 . Arterial blood gas analysis showed moderate hypoxaemia. A chest radiograph showed @entity55 in whole lung and CT showed diffused ground glass opacities in both lung fields. Lung biopsy confirmed a diagnosis of intravascular large @entity1892 . Primary pulmonary manifestation is very rare. The diagnosis is based on the histopathology and immunohistochemistry.

title: Intravascular large XXXX confirmed by lung biopsy.

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma', 'Intravascular lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['left upper lobe pneumonia', 'pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity1353 :: ('MESH:D004417', 'Disease') :: ['shortness of breath']

entities_list: @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ['B-cell lymphoma', "B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma"]

entities_list: @entity378 :: ('MESH:D014376', 'Disease') :: ['tuberculosis']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

answer: @entity1892 :: (MESH:D016393,Disease) :: ['B-cell lymphoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIM:     Manometric studies on the @entity1 lower esophageal sphincter (LES) have shown radial asymmetry of the high-pressure zone (HPZ). The aim of this study was to compare the functional properties of @entity1 LES clasp and sling muscles, and to look at their relationship with the expression of muscarinic receptors and intracellular @entity141 concentration. METHODS:     Muscle strips of sling and clasp fibers from the LES were obtained from @entity1 undergoing subtotal esophagectomy. Isometric tension responses of the strips to @entity934 were studied. Western blotting and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were used to determine the expression of five subtypes of muscarinic receptors. Intracellular @entity141 ([ @entity141 ]i) was measured using laser scanning confocal microscopy. RESULTS:     @entity934 caused a concentration-dependent increase in the tension of sling and clasp strips, the sling strip being stronger than clasp (P=0.00). Messenger RNA and protein for the five muscarinic @entity934 receptor (mAChRs) expressed in the sling and clasp muscles were highest for M2, and then in decreasing levels: M(3)>M(1)>M(4)>M(5) . @entity934 caused significant elevation of [ @entity141 ]i in sling and clasp muscle cells in the presence of extracellular @entity141 (1.5mmol/L), and @entity1617 -induced [ @entity141 ]i elevation was 1.6 times greater in sling cells than in clasp cells. CONCLUSION:     Variation of intracellular concentrations of @entity141 may be the reason for differential responses to @entity934 for sling versus clasp fibers. However, these differences are not associated with the distribution and the level of expression of the five mAChRs between the two muscle types. Further study should focus on the ligand affinity and signal transduction pathway.

title: Effects of @entity934 on sling and clasp fibers of the XXXX lower esophageal sphincter.

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine', 'Acetylcholine']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: Seventy-four @entity1 with @entity980 were initially staged according to the Intergroup @entity980 Study (IRS) grouping classification and then retrospectively using a TNM staging system based on the initial clinical extent of disease. The TNM system includes T1, @entity5 confined to site or organ of origin; T2, regional extension beyond the site of origin; N0, normal lymph nodes; N1, lymph nodes containing @entity5 ; M0, no evidence of @entity3 ; and M1, distant @entity3 . All @entity1 received combination chemotherapy, and more than 90% received radiation therapy as part of their initial treatment program with curative intent. Fifty-three of 74 @entity1 (72%) were group III according to the IRS system, indicating unresectable or gross @entity41 . A more uniform distribution was achieved using the TNM system. Freedom from relapse (FFR) was 43% and the actuarial survival rate was 47% for the entire study group at 10 years. All but one relapse occurred within 3 years of initial diagnosis, and only three of 38 relapsed @entity1 were salvaged. All TNM stage I @entity1 are surviving disease free. Among @entity1 having stages II, III, and IV disease by the TNM system, FFR was 53%, 26%, and 11%, and the survival rates were 47%, 36%, and 33%, respectively. Thirty-two of 74 @entity1 (43%) had evidence of lymph node involvement at presentation, and 28 (88%) of these had primary lesions that extended beyond the site of origin (T2 primary). Histologic subtype and primary site had little impact on outcome in a multivariate analysis, and T stage was identified as the single most significant covariate correlated with survival; a model composed of both T stage and M stage was the best one for predicting relapse. The presented data support a study using a prospectively assigned TNM staging system based on the initial clinical extent of disease for use in future therapeutic trials.

title: XXXX : the Stanford experience using a TNM staging system.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity41 :: ('MESH:D018365', 'Disease') :: ['residual tumor']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity980 :: ('MESH:D012208', 'Disease') :: ['Rhabdomyosarcoma', 'rhabdomyosarcoma']

answer: @entity980 :: (MESH:D012208,Disease) :: ['Rhabdomyosarcoma']


abstract: The involvement of @entity2871 receptors in the responses to platelet-activating factor ( @entity5567 ) was examined in anesthetized @entity840 . The @entity2871 receptor antagonist SQ 30,741 (1 mg/kg i.v.), @entity117 (10 mg/kg i.v.), or vehicle was given 3 min before @entity5567 (0.25 micrograms/kg i.v.). In vehicle-treated animals, @entity5567 reduced dynamic lung compliance (Cdyn, -71 +/- 5%) and increased total airways resistance (Rlung, 497 +/- 108%) (N = 8). @entity117 and SQ 30,741 blocked these responses by greater than 95% (p less than 0.001). However when the @entity5567 dose was increased to 0.5 micrograms/kg, neither drug treatment prevented @entity5143 (-73 +/- 9 and -59 +/- 4% in Cdyn, respectively; N = 5). An intratracheal aerosol of 0.01% @entity5567 was given to other @entity840 after SQ 30,741 (1 mg/kg i.v. or 0.1% aerosol) or vehicle. In vehicle-treated animals, vaporized @entity5567 reduced Cdyn (-41 +/- 5%) and increased Rlung (72 +/- 16%) (N = 5) and SQ 30,741 (i.v. and intratracheal) did not affect the magnitude of these responses. Intravenous @entity5567 , but not aerosolized @entity5567 , also increased hematocrit (reduced only by @entity117 ) and decreased circulating platelets (antagonized by SQ 30,741) and leukocytes (unaffected by SQ 30,741 or @entity117 ). As a positive control, the @entity5567 antagonist @entity6849 (1 mg/kg i.v.) inhibited all responses to i.v. and intratracheal @entity5567 . These data suggest that @entity2871 receptor activation participates in some of the effects of blood borne @entity5567 in vivo.

title: @entity2871 receptor activation during XXXX induced by platelet-activating factor.

entities_list: @entity2871 :: ('CHEBI:26995', 'Chemical') :: ['thromboxane']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['Aspirin', 'aspirin']

entities_list: @entity5143 :: ('MESH:D001986', 'Disease') :: ['bronchospasm']

answer: @entity5143 :: (MESH:D001986,Disease) :: ['bronchospasm']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 4082 Background: Advances in treatment of metastatic @entity788 remain challenging with median survivals reported in the 4-6 month range following standard @entity136 chemotherapy. @entity2816 , which has immunomodulatory and anti-angiogenesis properties has shown promising results in malignant and non-malignant conditions. @entity984 mutations, which are present in 90% of @entity1 with @entity788 can result in overexpression of @entity7 , making @entity2816 an agent to explore. METHODS: Phase II trial of @entity136 1000mg/m(2)day 1,8,15 every 28 days, with @entity2816 dose escalation from 200mg daily to maximum tolerated dose by 12 weeks. OBJECTIVES: RR, TTP, overall survival, clinical benefit response (CBR), tolerability. RESULTS: 27 @entity1 (24 metastatic/3 locally advanced) were treated between 12/01 and 11/03, median age 60 (range 41-76), 17 males/10 females, all with a KPS of >=  70%; 6 received prior radiation therapy. Average @entity2816 dose 320 mg (range 50-700 mg). Grade 3-5 @entity137 noted in 23 @entity1 : sepsis 2, @entity55 1, @entity1163 , GI bleed 1, @entity11942 2, @entity1398 11, @entity882 1, @entity1897 1, @entity64 1, and depressed level of consciousness 4. Constipation <=  grade 2 was common. There were 4 deaths during treatment. Median number of cycles given 3, with average 4.6 (range 1-17). RESPONSE: Of 21 evaluable @entity1 , PR: 3, stable: 13, progressive disease: 5. CBR: 35% scored positive based on @entity158 scale, KPS, and @entity1017 . Median survival: 183 days with average 232 days (range 37-635+ days); 9 of 27 evaluable @entity1 survived > 6+ months, and 4 > one+ year. Median TTP: 112 days with average 146 days (range 13-518 days). A >50% reduction in CA 19-9 occurred in 55% of @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity136 with @entity2816 appears to be a promising combination in the treatment of advanced @entity788 with suggestion of improvement in TTP and CBR compared to historical data from single agent @entity136 . Further studies with @entity136 and newer immunomodulatory agents are warranted. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: Advanced @entity788 : a multi-institutional trial with XXXX and @entity2816 .

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer', 'pancreatic adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity2816 :: ('MESH:D013792', 'Chemical') :: ['Thalidomide', 'thalidomide']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['weight gain']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['Gemcitabine', 'gemcitabine']

answer: @entity136 :: (MESH:C056507,Chemical) :: ['gemcitabine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although they have comparable safety and efficacy profiles, different intranasal corticosteroids possess different sensory/chemical properties that can be easily differentiated by @entity1 , and which may influence their preference and compliance. OBJECTIVE: We sought to compare @entity1 assessments of sensory attributes of three intranasal corticosteroid sprays: @entity2995 aqueous ( @entity2796 ), @entity5023 (FP), and @entity10438 (MF). METHODS: In a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, crossover study, 95 @entity1 with @entity2023 rated 14 sensory items (100-point scales), product preference, and likelihood of compliance with treatment. RESULTS: Immediately after administration, compared with MF, @entity2796 was rated as having significantly better comfort during administration, less irritation, less odor strength, preferred odor, more moistness of nose/throat, milder taste (all P < or = 0.001), and preferred taste (P < or = 0.01). Compared with FP, @entity2796 was rated as having significantly less odor strength, preferred odor (both P < or = 0.001), more moistness of nose/throat (P < or = 0.01), and milder taste (P < or = 0.05). Two minutes after application, @entity2796 was rated as having less aftertaste than FP (P < or = 0.01) or MF (P < or = 0.001), and produced significantly less irritation (FP P < or = 0.05; MF P < or = 0.01). Of @entity1 , 54.7% said they would prefer a prescription of @entity2796 over one for MF (24.2%; P = 0.001) or FP (21.1%; P = 0.001). More @entity1 indicated that they would be more compliant with treatment if given the @entity2796 prescription (67.4%) than if given a prescription with FP (54.7%) or MF (49.5%). CONCLUSION: Several of the @entity2796 sensory attributes were preferred over those of MF and FP. @entity1 preference may play a role in enhancing treatment compliance. Such findings indicate that @entity2796 nasal spray may be a better choice than MF or FP in the treatment of seasonal and @entity9590 .

title: @entity1 preferences and sensory comparisons of three intranasal corticosteroids for the treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity2995 :: ('MESH:D014222', 'Chemical') :: ['triamcinolone acetonide']

entities_list: @entity2023 :: ('MESH:D006255', 'Disease') :: ['allergic rhinitis']

entities_list: @entity5023 :: ('MESH:C065382', 'Chemical') :: ['fluticasone propionate']

entities_list: @entity9590 :: ('MESH:D012221', 'Disease') :: ['perennial allergic rhinitis']

entities_list: @entity10438 :: ('MESH:C053915', 'Chemical') :: ['mometasone furoate']

answer: @entity2023 :: (MESH:D006255,Disease) :: ['allergic rhinitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity120 ( @entity120 ) after shunt closure is associated with a poor prognosis. The aim of this study was to assess retrospectively the hemodynamics of @entity1 developing @entity120 after shunt closure. METHODS: Hemodynamic data obtained by @entity299 ( @entity299 ) performed at baseline and after shunt closure were analyzed. RESULTS: Twenty-two @entity1 , 13 with @entity118 ( @entity118 ), 6 with @entity1757 ( @entity1757 ), 1 with @entity2461 , 1 with both @entity118 and @entity1757 , and 1 with complete atrio-ventricular canal have been considered. The mean age at closure was 25.3  20.1 years (range of 3 months to 56.7 years), and the mean age at @entity120 diagnosis was 37.0  20.8 years (range of 5 to 61.2 years). The time delay between shunt closure and @entity120 diagnosis was 140.2  100.2 months. At baseline @entity299 , hemodynamic data were as follows: @entity358 ( @entity358 ) of 8.6  2.6 Wood units, @entity358 index (PVRi) of 10.1  2.7 Wood units   m(2), mean pulmonary arterial pressure of 43.7  9.7 mmHg, @entity358 to systemic vascular resistance ratio ( @entity358 /SVR) of 0.70  0.23, and Qp/Qs of 1.6  0.4. In particular, 18/22 (81%) had @entity358 >= 5 Wood units, 21/22 (95%) PVRi>= 6 Wood units   m(2), 21/22 (95%) @entity358 /SVR>= 0.33, and 11/22 (50%) Qp/Qs <=1.5. During the follow-up, 5/22 (22%) @entity1 died and one @entity1 underwent successful double lung transplantation. CONCLUSIONS: High baseline values of @entity358 (>= 5 Wood units), PVRi (>= 6 Wood units   m(2)) and @entity358 /SVR (>= 0.33) are common findings in @entity1 who develop @entity120 late after shunt closure. Large prospective clinical trials are needed to establish the safe limits for shunt closure.

title: Hemodynamics of @entity1 developing XXXX after shunt closure.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity120 :: ('MESH:D006976', 'Disease') :: ['PAH', 'Pulmonary arterial hypertension']

entities_list: @entity1757 :: ('MESH:D006345', 'Disease') :: ['VSD', 'ventricular septal defect']

entities_list: @entity2461 :: ('MESH:D004374', 'Disease') :: ['patent ductus arteriosus']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['PVR', 'pulmonary vascular resistance']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['right heart catheterization', 'RHC']

entities_list: @entity118 :: ('MESH:D006344', 'Disease') :: ['atrial septal defect', 'ASD']

answer: @entity120 :: (MESH:D006976,Disease) :: ['pulmonary arterial hypertension']


abstract: The effect of topical application of @entity5014 on induction of @entity12154 in @entity19 epidermis was measured. When direct induction of @entity12154 by @entity865 was blocked by also applying @entity3352 , maximum @entity12154 activity occurred only when @entity5014 was applied simultaneously with @entity865 4 1/2 hr before killing of the @entity19 . If either @entity865 or @entity5014 was applied at other times, @entity12154 activity decreased substantially. Induction of @entity12154 by @entity18878 was blocked by @entity3352 but restored by @entity5014 , as was observed with @entity865 , but induction by @entity40065 was not affected by @entity3352 or @entity5014 . @entity106 did not cause a consistent increase in @entity12154 activity, nor was its inductive action affected by @entity3352 or @entity5014 . However, another weak inducer, @entity1543 , exhibited elevated @entity12154 activity when @entity5014 was also applied. Inhibition by topical @entity1968 of @entity12154 induction by @entity865 was partially overcome in a dose-response fashion by @entity5014 . The results indicate that at least 2 events, elevation of @entity5014 and another independent event, are required for induction of @entity12154 activity. It appears that @entity865 causes at least 4 independent events essential for @entity5 promotion. A model for the events in the 2-stage @entity5 promotion model is proposed.

title: The role of prostaglandin E1 in ornithine decarboxylase induction by XXXX promoters.

entities_list: @entity1543 :: ('MESH:D019342', 'Chemical') :: ['acetic acid']

entities_list: @entity40065 :: ('MESH:C015202', 'Chemical') :: ['ethyl phenylpropiolate']

entities_list: @entity1968 :: ('MESH:D014212', 'Chemical') :: ['retinoic acid']

entities_list: @entity3352 :: ('MESH:D007213', 'Chemical') :: ['indomethacin']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumor']


abstract: Phase III studies have demonstrated the clinical benefit of adding neo-adjuvant @entity342 deprivation to radical radiotherapy for clinically localised @entity263 . We have developed a nomogram to describe the probability of @entity7735 control for @entity1 treated in this way. Five hundred and seventeen @entity1 with clinically localised @entity263 were treated with 3-6 months of neo-adjuvant @entity342 deprivation and radical radiotherapy (64Gy in 32#) between 1988 and 1998. Median presenting @entity7735 was 20 ng x ml(-1), and 56% of @entity1 had T3/4 disease. Multivariate analysis of pre-treatment factors was performed, and a nomogram developed to describe @entity7735 -failure-free survival probability. At a median follow-up of 44 months, 233 @entity1 had developed @entity7735 failure. Presenting @entity7735 , histological grade and clinical T stage were all highly predictive of @entity7735 failure on multivariate analysis. The nomogram score for an individual @entity1 is given by the summation of @entity7735 (<10=0, 10-19=16, 20-49=44, > or =50=100), grade (Gleason 2-4=0, 5-7=44, 8-10=81) and T stage (T1/2=0, T3/4=35). For a nomogram score of 0, 50, 100 and 150 points the 2 year @entity7735 control rate was 93, 87, 75 and 54%, and the 5 year @entity7735 control rate was 82, 67, 44 and 18%. These results are comparable to those using surgery or higher doses of radical radiotherapy alone. The nomogram illustrates the results of multivariate analysis in a visually-striking way, and facilitates comparisons with other treatment methods.

title: Pre-treatment nomogram for biochemical control after neoadjuvant XXXX deprivation and radical radiotherapy for clinically localised @entity263 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen']

answer: @entity342 :: (CHEBI:50113,Chemical) :: ['androgen']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the features of @entity1069 ( @entity1069 ) during puberty and the effects of biofeedback on young males with this disease. @entity1 AND METHODS: In all, 40 @entity1 were divided into two groups; group 1 included 25 pubertal @entity1 with @entity1069 (mean age 16.5 years, sd 1.1) and group 2 was a control group including 15 @entity1 (mean age 16.2 years, sd 1.2) with a normal lower urinary tract. National Institute of Health-Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (NIH-CPSI) scores (three parts) were assessed individually in both groups. Expressed prostatic secretions and urine samples after prostate massage from group 1 were cultured to determine whether @entity1 were infected with bacteria, and group 1 was categorized into various NIH types. Each @entity1 in the two groups underwent urodynamics and group 1 were treated with biofeedback. RESULTS: In group 1, there were one, three and 21 @entity1 with type II, IIIA and IIIB @entity1069 . The incidence of staccato voiding and detrusor-sphincter @entity2055 (DSD), and the maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax), postvoid residual urine volume (PVR), maximum detrusor pressure (Pdetmax) and maximum urethral closure pressure (MUCP) between the groups were significantly different (P < 0.05). The total NIH-CPSI scores and all the subdomains between the groups before biofeedback were significantly different (P < 0.001). In group 1 the difference in NIH-CPSI scores and Qmax before and after biofeedback was significant (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The main type of @entity1069 during puberty is IIIB; the dominating symptom is a @entity74 . The impact on life and psychological effects are substantial. Pubertal @entity1 with @entity4623 and several abnormal urodynamic values, i.e. staccato voiding, DSD, decreasing Qmax, and increasing Pdetmax and MUCP. The effect of biofeedback strategies for treating @entity1069 is satisfactory.

title: XXXX during puberty.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity1069 :: ('MESH:D053448', 'Disease') :: ['CP', 'chronic prostatitis', 'pubertal CP', 'prostatitis']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['voiding disorder']

entities_list: @entity4623 :: ('MESH:D011469', 'Disease') :: ['CP have pelvic floor dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity2055 :: ('MESH:D001259', 'Disease') :: ['dyssynergia']

answer: @entity1069 :: (MESH:D053448,Disease) :: ['Chronic prostatitis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: It has been considered that concentrations of certain @entity1522 in the egg are not sufficient to fully support embryonic development of modern broilers. In this study we evaluated embryo growth and development with particular emphasis on one of the major components of connective tissue, collagen. Experiments were performed on Ross 308 @entity1573 embryos from 160 fertilised eggs. Experimental solutions of @entity575 nanoparticles (Ag), @entity720 solution (Hyp) and a complex of @entity575 nanoparticles with @entity720 (AgHyp) were injected into albumen, and embryos were incubated until day 20. An assessment of the mass of embryo and selected organs was carried out followed by measurements of the expression of the key signalling factors' @entity9950 ( @entity9950 ) and @entity35320 ( @entity35320 ). Finally, an evaluation of collagen microstructure using scanning electron microscopy was performed. Our results clearly indicate that Hyp, Ag and AgHyp administered in ovo to @entity1573 embryos did not harm embryos. Comparing to the control group, Hyp, Ag and the AgHyp complex significantly upregulated expression of the @entity9950 at the mRNA and protein levels. Moreover, Hyp, Ag and, in particular, the complex of AgHyp significantly increased blood vessel size, cartilage collagen fibre lattice size and bundle thickness. The general conclusion from this study is that AgHyp treatment may help to build a stronger and longer lasting form of collagen fibres.

title: Effect of XXXX nanoparticles and @entity720 , administered in ovo, on the development of blood vessels and cartilage collagen structure in @entity1573 embryos.

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity35320 :: ('395909(Tax:9031)', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor-A', 'VEGF-A']

entities_list: @entity720 :: ('CHEBI:18095', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxyproline']

answer: @entity575 :: (MESH:D012834,Chemical) :: ['silver']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Management of @entity955 ( @entity955 ) focuses on the use of anticoagulation to mitigate the risk of @entity64 . Until recently, @entity2067 antagonist (VKA) treatment was considered the standard of care, with the emergence of non-VKA oral anticoagulants (NOACs) shifting treatment practice. The objective of this study was therefore to assess the use of @entity1229 and the NOACs for @entity64 prevention in @entity1 with @entity955 from the perspective of a Belgian healthcare payer using a cost-effectiveness analysis and the efficiency frontier approach. METHODS: A previously published Markov model was adapted to the Belgian healthcare setting. Clinical events modelled include ischaemic and @entity548 , systemic @entity887 , @entity932 , other major @entity548 , clinically relevant non-major @entity548 , @entity583 , @entity65 and treatment discontinuations. Efficacy and @entity548 data for @entity1229 and @entity5424 5  mg twice daily were obtained from the ARISTOTLE trial, whilst those for other NOACs ( @entity3925 20  mg once daily, @entity3926 110  mg twice daily, @entity3926 150  mg twice daily) were from published indirect comparisons. Acute medical costs were obtained from reimbursement payments made to Belgian hospitals, whilst long-term medical costs and utility data were derived from the literature. The efficiency frontier was calculated using total costs and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) as outcomes. Univariate and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed. RESULTS: @entity1229 and @entity5424 were the two optimal treatment choices, as the other three treatment alternatives including @entity3926 110  mg, @entity3926 150  mg switching to @entity3926 110  mg at the age of 80 years and @entity3925 were extendedly or strictly dominated on the efficiency frontier. @entity5424 was a cost-effective alternative vs @entity1229 at an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of < @entity7634 >7,212/QALY gained. CONCLUSIONS: Amongst NOACs, @entity5424 may be the most economically efficient alternative to @entity1229 in @entity955 @entity1 who are suitable for VKA treatment and eligible for @entity64 prevention in Belgium.

title: @entity64 and Systemic @entity887 Prevention in @entity1 with @entity955 in Belgium: Comparative Cost Effectiveness of New Oral Anticoagulants and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity932 :: ('MESH:D020300', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial haemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding', 'haemorrhagic stroke']

entities_list: @entity2067 :: ('MESH:D014812', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin K']

entities_list: @entity3926 :: ('MESH:C554682', 'Chemical') :: ['dabigatran']

entities_list: @entity887 :: ('MESH:D004617', 'Disease') :: ['embolism']

entities_list: @entity3925 :: ('MESH:C503223', 'Chemical') :: ['rivaroxaban']

entities_list: @entity5424 :: ('MESH:C522181', 'Chemical') :: ['Apixaban', 'apixaban']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['non-valvular atrial fibrillation', 'NVAF']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular hospitalisation']

entities_list: @entity1229 :: ('MESH:D014859', 'Chemical') :: ['Warfarin', 'warfarin']

answer: @entity1229 :: (MESH:D014859,Chemical) :: ['Warfarin']


abstract: The association of @entity715 with antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) in @entity1 with @entity1252 ( @entity1252 ) could be due to their interference with natural phospholipid dependent anticoagulant mechanisms. We studied @entity7131 ( @entity7131 ), functional protein C (FPC), free protein S (FPS), protein S bound to C4 binding protein ( @entity7676 -S), @entity5582 ( @entity5582 ), as well as IgG and IgM anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL) in 38 @entity1 with @entity1252 with a history of @entity715 and 70 @entity1 with @entity1252 without such history. We found a high frequency of deficiencies of natural anticoagulants in both groups of @entity1 with @entity1252 but, because of @entity1 selection, we could not determine the actual prevalence of these defects. @entity1 having had a @entity49 in the previous year had low @entity7676 -S more frequently than @entity1 with older or no @entity715 . When we divided our @entity1 with @entity1252 into those who had a definite, probable, questionable or no @entity1701 ( @entity1701 ) we found the frequency of @entity7676 -S deficiency to be significantly higher in those with definite @entity1701 than in those without @entity1701 . Intermediate proportions were found in @entity1 with probable and questionable @entity1701 . The levels of @entity7676 -S decreased as the levels of aCL, particularly IgG, increased. Stepwise discriminant analysis of natural anticoagulants selected deficiencies of @entity7676 -S and FPC with increased @entity5582 as a set of variables with highest predictive power for classification of @entity1 with and without @entity1701 . Thus, deficiencies of natural anticoagulants may occur frequently in @entity1 with @entity1252 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Natural anticoagulants in XXXX . Deficiency of protein S bound to @entity7676 associates with recent history of venous thromboses, antiphospholipid antibodies, and the @entity1701 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1252 :: ('MESH:D008180', 'Disease') :: ['SLE', 'systemic lupus erythematosus']

entities_list: @entity49 :: ('MESH:D019851', 'Disease') :: ['venous thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity7131 :: ('MESH:D020151', 'Disease') :: ['APC', 'antigenic protein C']

entities_list: @entity1701 :: ('MESH:D016736', 'Disease') :: ['antiphospholipid syndrome', 'aPS']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thromboses', 'thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity5582 :: ('462', 'Gene') :: ['ATIII', 'antithrombin III']

answer: @entity1252 :: (MESH:D008180,Disease) :: ['systemic lupus erythematosus']


abstract: AIM: The two-week wait pathway was designed to decrease the time from presentation to primary care of @entity1 with "red flag" symptoms of suspected @entity5 for review by a specialist for the diagnosis or exclusion of @entity5 . In our tertiary referral centre we have found that 968 colonoscopies per year are required to satisfy the demand for the 2-week wait, leading to limited colonoscopy availability for other services. We sought to determine the yield of @entity14 found at colonoscopy referred via 2-week wait and referenced to original red flag symptoms. This was in order to select the most efficacious alternative primary investigation based upon presenting symptoms. METHOD: Electronic records were retrospectively analyzed. All @entity1 who went through the two-week wait for suspicion of @entity14 in 2013 and were found to have @entity14 on colonoscopy were included. @entity1 not undergoing colonoscopy as the first investigation were excluded. The splenic flexure was deemed to be within the range of a flexible sigmoidoscope. RESULTS: 2950 referrals were made. 968 colonoscopies were performed as the primary investigation of whom 35 were found to have @entity14 . No @entity1 referred with @entity548 and another symptom had a @entity5 more proximal to the range of flexible sigmoidoscopy. 80% of @entity5 proximal to the splenic flexure were suitable for CT diagnosis alone. CONCLUSION: Our data supports the use of flexible sigmoidoscopy alone as an initial investigation for @entity1 presenting with @entity548 with or without additional colorectal symptoms. @entity1 with @entity417 (without @entity548 ) or change in bowel habit (without @entity548 ) may be investigated with CT colonography alone; colonoscopy may then be used selectively prior to surgery. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Straight to flexible sigmoidoscopy: rationalisation of two week wait referrals in suspected XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['rectal bleeding', 'bleeding']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: A screening program for @entity14 and @entity652 has been applied to 6,579 mostly asymptomatic @entity1 and @entity1 age 40 years and older utilizing @entity1503 testing followed by investigation of @entity1 with positive slides by air-contrast barium enema and colonoscopy. A control population of 7,325 @entity1 had sigmoidoscopy only and no occult-blood testing. Approximately 1% of the @entity1 had positive slides; most @entity1 had only one or two slides positive. Approximately 50% of @entity1 with positive slides had significant @entity1313 , including 23 @entity1 with large @entity652 and 7 @entity1 with @entity5 . @entity5 was more favorable in the screened asymptomatic group as compared with the control group. @entity1313 seen on sigmoidoscopy in screened @entity1 who had negative @entity1503 tests included 2 @entity5 and 15 large @entity652 . Reasons for false negativity include possible conversion of initially positive slides to negative. Screening for @entity14 and @entity652 with @entity1503 testing appears to be feasible approach with good @entity1 compliance, and manageable rate of positive slides productive of a high percentage of @entity1313 . The number of false-positives seems to be low. False negativity has been observed and will require further study.

title: Feasibility of @entity1503 testing for detection of XXXX : debits and credits.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['neoplastic lesions', 'Neoplastic lesions']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Pathological staging of cancers', 'cancers']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['fecal occult-blood']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['adenomas']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal neoplasia']


abstract: PROBLEM: Brucellosis causes abortion in domestic animals and @entity3377 in @entity1 . Comparison of Brucella species genomes may reveal potential virulence mechanisms. Engineering bioluminescent Brucella would permit monitoring bacterial dissemination. METHOD OF STUDY: Microarray of the @entity6467 genome allowed comparison of gene content from six Brucella species. Bioluminescent @entity6467 strains were developed using transposon mutagenesis permitting the study of pathogenic Brucella in @entity19 . Monitoring bacterial dissemination as well as organ localization permits evaluating the role of genes and genomic islands in mutant bacteria. RESULTS: Comparative genomic analysis revealed 217 ORFs altered in five Brucella species and were often found in islands. Bioluminescent bacteria disseminated from the injection site to liver, spleen, inguinal lymph nodes, testes and submanibular region. CONCLUSIONS: Genomic islands contribute to Brucella pathogenicity. Biophotonic imaging suggests that Brucella dissemination in @entity19 parallels acute and chronic infections of @entity1 .

title: Unraveling Brucella genomics and pathogenesis in immunocompromised IRF-1-/- XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3377 :: ('MESH:D002006', 'Disease') :: ['Malta fever']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: Pectin is a normal constituent of cell walls of green plants. When supplied externally to live cells or walls isolated from the large-celled green alga Chara corallina, pectin removes @entity460 from load-bearing cross-links in the wall, loosening the structure and allowing it to deform more rapidly under the action of turgor pressure. New @entity141 enters the vacated positions in the wall and the externally supplied pectin binds to the wall, depositing new wall material that strengthens the wall. A @entity460 pectate cycle has been proposed for these sub-reactions. In the present work, the cycle was tested in C. corallina by depriving the wall of external @entity141 while allowing the cycle to run. The prediction is that growth would eventually be disrupted by a lack of adequate deposition of new wall. The test involved adding pectate or the @entity460 chelator EGTA to the @entity141 -containing culture medium to bind the @entity460 while the cycle @entity5856 in live cells. After growth accelerated, turgor and growth eventually decreased, followed by an abrupt turgor loss and growth cessation. The same experiment with isolated walls suggested the walls of live cells became unable to support the plasma membrane. If instead the pectate or EGTA was replaced with fresh @entity141 -containing culture medium during the initial acceleration in live cells, growth was not disrupted and returned to the original rates. The operation of the cycle was thus confirmed, providing further evidence that growth rates and wall biosynthesis are controlled by these sub-reactions in plant cell walls.

title: @entity460 deprivation disrupts enlargement of Chara corallina cells: further evidence for the XXXX pectate cycle.

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

answer: @entity460 :: (MESH:D002118,Chemical) :: ['calcium']


abstract: The purpose of this work was to evaluate stress-related anterior lower @entity158 with clinical examination, magnetic resonance imaging, and measurement of anterior tibial compartment pressure findings. All medical data were gathered from 24 conscripts with stress-related anterior lower @entity158 . Twenty exhibited bilateral symptoms. In 22 of the 44 cases, the intracompartmental pressure was pathological. Symptoms were exhibited for longer periods by @entity1 with chronic @entity2054 (CECS) than by other @entity1 (p < 0.01). At rest, magnetic resonance imaging revealed no abnormal findings in the soft tissues of the legs but showed @entity79 in 35 symptomatic legs. Thirty-three exhibited @entity79 , and two exhibited leg traction @entity1048 . On magnetic resonance imaging, there was no difference in bone findings between @entity1 with and without CECS (p > 0.05). Stress-related anterior lower @entity158 can be related to CECS, @entity79 , and traction @entity1048 . Clinical diagnosis is unreliable. CECS and @entity79 or traction @entity1048 can occur separately or together.

title: Evaluation of stress-related anterior lower XXXX with magnetic resonance imaging and intracompartmental pressure measurement.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone abnormalities', 'bone stress injuries', 'bone stress injury']

entities_list: @entity2054 :: ('MESH:D003161', 'Disease') :: ['exertional compartment syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1048 :: ('MESH:D010522', 'Disease') :: ['periostitis']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['leg pain']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity851 ( @entity851 ) are prevalent in working populations. This study investigates the prevalence, magnitude, and associated factors of on-the-job productivity loss among workers with @entity851 . METHODS: Workers with incipient @entity1109 were invited to participate in our study after the disorder was verified by a physician and no immediate sick leave was required. Of the 177 eligible @entity1 , 168 (95%) were included in the study. They were asked to describe their symptoms, personal characteristics, and work-related factors. Self-assessed productivity measured the impact of @entity851 on the achieved work output. RESULTS: Of the 168 @entity1 , 56% reported a productivity loss; the average reduction thereof was 34%. Productivity loss was associated with @entity158 intensity [odds ratio (OR) for the third tertile 2.8, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.2-6.5], @entity158 interference with work (OR for the third tertile 5.7, 95% CI 2.2-14.3) and fear-avoidance beliefs (OR 2.8, 95% CI 0.9-8.9). @entity158 interference with sleep was associated with productivity loss only among those aged 46 years or older, whereas high job strain showed an association with productivity loss only among workers aged 20-45 years. In the younger group, productivity loss was more associated with a combination of any two of the following three factors than the presence of only one: @entity158 intensity, job strain, and physical loads at work. CONCLUSIONS: @entity851 cause substantial loss of productivity at work. The most important associated factors are related to @entity158 and its impact on work and sleep, but also to psychological aspects of @entity158 and work. Our findings suggest that the factors associated with productivity loss differ in younger and older workers.

title: Self-reported productivity loss among workers with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['UED', 'Upper extremity disorders']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['upper extremity symptoms']

answer: @entity851 :: (MESH:D006130,Disease) :: ['upper extremity disorders']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 8100 Background: Baseline differences in red blood cell mass between @entity1 and @entity1 may need to be considered in the management of @entity5 with recombinant @entity1 erythropoetin (rHuEPO) for QoL benefit. METHODS: Valid information on @entity1 fatigue was collected from 197 @entity1 with @entity5 via the Functional Assessment of @entity5 (FACT - An) subscale questionnaire. Additional @entity1 information including diagnosis, age, gender, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status, current therapy, and hemoglobin level was recorded and considered for a possible role in @entity1 fatigue. RESULTS: Hemoglobin concentration was positively correlated with FACT-An subscale score (p < .001), as were improvements in ECOG performance status by regression analysis (p < .001). @entity1 receiving chemotherapy experienced greater fatigue than those who were not by independent t-test (p < .01). Regression analysis revealed that @entity1 age did not have a statistically significant impact on FACT-An subscale score (p = .07). Controlling for the potentially confounding effects of ECOG performance status and current therapy, analysis of covariance found that male @entity1 experienced a significantly greater level of fatigue than did females when considering respondents of all hemoglobin values (p < .05). However, this difference was only significant among @entity1 in the 10.0 -13.0 g/dL hemoglobin range (p < .01) with diminishing disparity at greater hemoglobin levels. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 begin to experience the symptoms of @entity5 at relatively greater hemoglobin values than do females, and at equivalent hemoglobin concentrations, @entity1 report greater fatigue. These data suggest that male @entity1 require earlier intervention and the maintenance of hemoglobin concentration at greater target levels when using rHuEPO for QoL benefit. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: Gender differences in the onset of symptoms of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'human', 'patients', 'patient', 'Men', 'men']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cancer Therapy - Anemia', 'cancer-related anemia', 'solid tumors']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer-related anemia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study was undertaken to characterize morphologic substrate of @entity1145 with ventriculoarterial concordance and discriminate management strategies that lead to successful definitive repair. METHODS: From 1999 to 2004, a total of 150 babies with type I @entity1145 were enrolled from first diagnosis at 26 institutions. Antegrade pulmonary blood flow was absent in 19%, restricted in 54%, and unrestricted in 28%. Competing-risk methodology determined the time-related prevalence and risk factors for @entity204 versus cavopulmonary @entity254 and subsequent @entity204 versus Fontan completion. RESULTS: Overall 5-year survival was 86%. Initial palliation included @entity358 in 64%, pulmonary artery banding in 11%, and cavopulmonary @entity254 in 24%. Median age at cavopulmonary @entity254 was 6 months, with 83% undergoing bidirectional Glenn shunt and 17% undergoing hemi-Fontan procedure. By the age of 2 years, 89% had cavopulmonary @entity254 , 6% were dead, and 4% remained alive without cavopulmonary @entity254 . Risk factors for @entity204 without cavopulmonary @entity254 included presence of @entity339 (P = .03) and palliation with systemic-pulmonary arterial shunts not originating from the innominate artery (P = .04). Factors associated with decreased transition rate to cavopulmonary connection included @entity1 variables (younger admission age to a participating institution, @entity154 ) and procedural variables (larger @entity358 diameter, previous palliation). Of @entity1 undergoing cavopulmonary @entity254 , 75% had undergone a Fontan operation within 3 years. CONCLUSION: Smaller shunt size and decreased pulmonary blood flow decrease mortality after initial palliation and increase the rate of successful transition to cavopulmonary @entity254 . Outcomes can be improved by placing smaller shunts from the innominate artery, especially in @entity1 with any @entity339 .

title: Matching procedure to morphology improves outcomes in neonates with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['noncardiac anomalies']

entities_list: @entity339 :: ('MESH:D008944', 'Disease') :: ['mitral regurgitation']

entities_list: @entity1145 :: ('MESH:D018785', 'Disease') :: ['tricuspid atresia']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['systemic-pulmonary arterial shunt']

answer: @entity1145 :: (MESH:D018785,Disease) :: ['tricuspid atresia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the @entity263 detection rate at low total @entity1486 ng/mL, according to different percentage free (f/t) @entity1486 levels in a screening population. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: In all, 1809 consecutive screening volunteers with a tPSA level of 2.6-10.0 ng/mL were assessed. Ten systematic ultrasonography-guided prostate biopsies and, since 2000, an additional five Doppler-enhanced targeted biopsies were taken on the basis of age-specific tPSA reference ranges. We analysed the detection rate of @entity263 according to f/tPSA ranges of 0-9%, 10-14%, 15-18% and >18%. RESULTS: The detection rates for the subgroups with tPSA levels of 2.6-4.0 and 4.1-10.0 ng/mL were 20.2% and 27.0%, respectively. The @entity5 detection rate in the first group (2.6-4.0 ng/mL) at 0-10% fPSA was 22.9%, and that in the second group (4.1-10.0 ng/mL) at 0-10% was 36.9%. There were significant differences between these groups. If the f/tPSA was 10-15%, the @entity5 detection rate for the two groups were 22.6% and 32.5%, respectively (P < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the @entity5 detecting rates at an f/tPSA of 15-18% or >18%. CONCLUSION: There is a statistically significantly higher @entity5 detection rate when the f/tPSA is <15% than in groups of @entity1 with a f/tPSA of >15% in screening population assessed primarily using tPSA level.

title: The effect of percentage free prostate-specific antigen ( XXXX ) level on the @entity263 detection rate in a screening population with low @entity1486 levels.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity1486 :: ('354', 'Gene') :: ['prostate-specific antigen (tPSA) ranges of 2.6-4 and 4.1-10', 'PSA']

answer: @entity1486 :: (354,Gene) :: ['PSA']


abstract: Accidental intoxications in @entity1 are frequent but most of them are without serious consequences. We describe herein the case of a young @entity1 who drank 100 mg of a topical hair lotion with @entity5491 . On arrival, she had no symptoms except flush on the face and ears. Four and half hours after ingestion, @entity591 appeared with a pulse above 170 beats per min with @entity551 at 76/24 mmHg. The heart rate remained between 170 and 190 beats per min for 12 h and then lowered to between 140 and 160 beats per min. Thirty-six hours after ingestion, the heart beat was at 140 beats per min. @entity5491 is a strong vasodilator used first in the 1970s for severe @entity101 . It produces @entity551 by direct arteriolar vasodilatation. Only a few cases of @entity5491 intoxication have been described in the literature, including only one pediatric case. This young @entity1 had only @entity591 of 160 beats per min for 40 h. Most serious cases have been described in adults. They suffered long-lasting @entity591 , @entity551 , and ECG changes. Most @entity1 need a bolus of normal saline fluid and some with hemodynamic problems need vasoactive drugs such as @entity935 and/or @entity2647 . All @entity1 need to be under medical supervision for a long time because of the product's very long action.

title: [ XXXX intoxication, the pharmacological agent of a hair lotion].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'girl', 'patients', 'boy']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity2647 :: ('MESH:D010656', 'Chemical') :: ['phenylephrine']

entities_list: @entity5491 :: ('MESH:D008914', 'Chemical') :: ['minoxidil', 'Minoxidil']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

answer: @entity5491 :: (MESH:D008914,Chemical) :: ['Minoxidil']


abstract: Abstinent @entity888 (Meth) dependent individuals demonstrate poorer performance on tests sensitive to attention/information processing speed, learning and memory, and working memory when compared to non-Meth dependent individuals. The poorer performance on these tests may contribute to the morbidity associated with Meth-dependence. In light of this, we sought to determine the effects of acute, low-dose Meth administration on attention, working memory, and verbal learning and memory in 19 non-treatment seeking, Meth-dependent individuals. @entity1 were predominantly male (89%), Caucasian (63%), and cigarette smokers (63%). Following a four day, drug-free washout period, @entity1 were given a single-blind intravenous infusion of saline, followed the next day by 30 mg of Meth. A @entity149 was administered before and after each infusion, and performance on measures of accuracy and reaction time were compared between conditions. While acute Meth exposure did not affect test performance for the entire sample, @entity1 who demonstrated relatively poor performance on these tests at baseline, identified using a median split on each test, showed significant improvement on measures of attention/information processing speed and working memory when administered Meth. Improved performance was seen on the following measures of working memory: choice reaction time task (p <=0.04), a 1-back task (p <=0.01), and a 2-back task (p <=0.04). In addition, those @entity1 demonstrating high neurocognitive performance at baseline experienced similar or decreased performance following Meth exposure. These findings suggest that acute administration of Meth may temporarily improve Meth-associated neurocognitive performance in those individuals experiencing lower cognitive performance at baseline. As a result, stimulants may serve as a successful treatment for improving cognitive functioning in those Meth-dependent individuals experiencing @entity149 .

title: Acute, low-dose @entity888 administration improves attention/information processing speed and working memory in XXXX -dependent individuals displaying poorer cognitive performance at baseline.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity149 :: ('MESH:D002493', 'Disease') :: ['battery of neurocognitive tasks', 'neurocognitive impairment']

entities_list: @entity888 :: ('MESH:D008694', 'Chemical') :: ['methamphetamine']

answer: @entity888 :: (MESH:D008694,Chemical) :: ['methamphetamine']


abstract: This study investigated the effects of @entity46551 , a novel @entity58740 antagonist, on renal sympathetic nerve-evoked release of @entity1063 and @entity33033 -like immunoreactivity (-LI) in the @entity1707 in vivo. Stimulation (5 Hz, 60 s) of renal sympathetic nerves evoked vasoconstriction and overflow of @entity1063 and @entity33033 -LI. Infusion of @entity54366 ( @entity54366 ; 1 microg/kg per min) strongly inhibited the stimulation-evoked overflow of @entity1063 and @entity33033 -LI. @entity46551 (100 nmol/kg) abolished the inhibitory effect of @entity54366 . @entity46551 did not however affect the stimulation-evoked overflow of @entity1063 and @entity33033 -LI, or basal cardiovascular parameters, per se. The alpha(2)-adrenoceptor antagonist @entity3160 (0.2 mg/kg) significantly elevated both basal plasma levels and the nerve stimulation-evoked overflow of @entity1063 and @entity33033 -LI. Subsequent administration of @entity46551 did not further alter these effects. However, @entity46551 caused splenic vasodilatation per se when given after @entity3160 . It is concluded that the renal sympathetic nerves in the @entity1707 possess @entity33033 Y(2) receptors, which upon activation inhibit transmitter ( @entity1063 and @entity33033 ) release. Furthermore, when circulating levels of @entity33033 were enhanced after blockade of alpha(2)-adrenoceptors, an involvement of endogenous @entity33033 , acting on the @entity58740 , in regulation of basal splenic vascular tone was unveiled.

title: Effects of the @entity58740 antagonist XXXX on sympathetic transmitter release in the @entity1707 in vivo.

entities_list: @entity3160 :: ('MESH:D015016', 'Chemical') :: ['yohimbine']

entities_list: @entity58740 :: ('397291(Tax:9823)', 'Gene') :: ['neuropeptide Y (NPY) Y(2) receptor', 'NPY Y(2) receptor']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['noradrenaline']

answer: @entity46551 :: (MESH:C403256,Chemical) :: ['BIIE0246']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We describe a case of liver @entity3 of @entity14 that became resectable after bevacizumab(Bmab), @entity2600 , and @entity11730 ie Bmab+IRIS combination chemotherapy. A 65-year-old @entity1 experienced repeated @entity1142 and @entity294 in August of 2013. Colonoscopy was conducted by a local doctor, and a @entity5 (diagnosed as @entity420 tub1 by biopsy)was found in the upper rectum. Computed tomography performed at our institution detected synchronous liver @entity3 . On September 9, laparoscopic rectal anterior resection was performed to prevent @entity3 to the ileus, and on October 9, the @entity1 began receiving Bmab+IRIS combination chemotherapy. Before chemotherapy, 3 @entity3 with a maximum diameter of 7 cm diameter)were observed in the right lobe of the liver. After 4 courses of chemotherapy, their maximum diameter was 3 cm, which allowed resection. Ultimately, the @entity3 were completely resected. Conversion of nonoptimal resection cases of liver @entity3 to optimal cases by using Bmab+IRIS chemotherapy is extremely rare. We suggest that Bmab+IRIS chemotherapy could be an option for conversion of nonoptimal liver resection cases to optimal cases. We report this rare case and discuss the implications of adjuvant chemotherapy for this @entity1 .

title: [Complete Resection of Liver Metastases of XXXX after High Efficacy Bevacizumab, @entity11730 , andCPT -11Combination Chemotherapy.]

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'metastases']

entities_list: @entity1142 :: ('MESH:D003248', 'Disease') :: ['constipation']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['Colorectal Cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Surgery is the treatment of reference for early-stage @entity418 , but 5-year survival is only 20% to 25%. After complete resection (R0), survival is significantly longer than after incomplete resection, with microscopic (R1) or macroscopic (R2) penetration. The purpose of this work was to identify retrospectively the factors predictive of complete resection of operable @entity418 . @entity1 AND METHODS: Between January 1982 and March 2001, 746 @entity1 with @entity418 underwent curative surgery. R0 resection was performed in 585 @entity1 (78.4%), R1 in 61 (8.2%) and R2 in 100 (13.4%). Univariate and multivariate analysis included 28 preoperative, clinical, @entity5 and therapeutic parameters. RESULTS: Multivariate analysis showed that factors predictive of complete resection R0 were: absence of any modification of the esophageal @entity2270 on the barium swallow (P=0.054), a partial or complete response to preoperative radio-chemotherapy (P=0.042), @entity5 height<10 cm (P=0.1) and @entity5 diameter<30 mm (P=0.01). Three groups of @entity1 were identified from the 2 most significant variables. Group 1: no deviation of the @entity2270 on the barium swallow (n=501). Group 2: deviation of the @entity2270 on the barium swallow and partial or complete response to radiochemotherapy (n=91). Group 3: deviation of the @entity2270 on the barium swallow and no response to radiochemotherapy or no preoperative treatment (n=126). For the three groups, rate of R0 resection was 82.6%, 80.1% and 61.1% and 5-year actuarial survival 36%, 27% and 14%, respectively. These rates were significantly different between groups (P<10(- 4)) and two by two (P<0.04). CONCLUSION: Complete resection of @entity418 is predictable. After validation with an independent population the findings presented here could be used to establish stratification criteria for future therapeutic trials.

title: [Factors predictive of complete resection of operable @entity418 : review of 746 XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity418 :: ('MESH:D004938', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal cancer', 'esophageal cancers']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Radiofrequency (RF) ablation procedures for @entity955 ( @entity955 ) are associated with potential risks of @entity1031 , which may be minimized by the use of cryoablation that preserves the integrity of endocardium. The objective of this study was to compare the thrombogenic potential of transvenous cryoablation versus RF ablation during pulmonary vein (PV) isolation. METHODS AND RESULTS: Thirty consecutive @entity1 with paroxysmal @entity955 were randomized to undergo segmental PV isolation procedure using 4-mm tip RF ablation (n = 15) or cryoablation (CryoCor, San Diego, CA, USA) (n = 15). Blood samples were drawn after sheath insertion (baseline), after transseptal puncture, before ablation (after heparin administration), and after isolation of a superior PV. Activation of coagulation was measured with plasma levels of @entity556 ) and thrombin-antithrombin III complex (TAT), and platelets by plasma level of @entity4938 ( @entity4938 ) and flow cytometric enumerating of @entity8729 ( @entity8729 )-positive platelets. In both groups, the plasma level of @entity4938 , @entity6343 , and TAT were elevated after sheath insertion. The percentage changes in plasma level of @entity4938 , @entity6343 , and TAT and @entity1427 /62-positive platelets from baseline after transseptal puncture and before ablation were similar (P > 0.05). However, the percentage changes in @entity8729 -positive platelets from baseline were significantly higher in @entity1 treated with RF ablation (82 +/- 20%) than with cryoablation (22 +/- 14%, P = 0.02), although their plasma levels of @entity4938 , @entity6343 , and TAT were not different (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Significant platelet and coagulation activations were observed during PV ablation procedures, and heparin administration only prevented activation of coagulation but not platelets. Persistent platelets activation was observed during RF energy application, but not during cryoablation.

title: Transvenous cryoablation reduces platelet activation during pulmonary vein ablation compared with radiofrequency energy in XXXX with @entity955 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity556 :: ('2147', 'Gene') :: ['prothrombin fragment 1 + 2 (F1 + 2']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['thromboembolism']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation', 'AF']

entities_list: @entity4938 :: ('5473', 'Gene') :: ['beta-TG', 'beta-thromboglobulin']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity195 ( @entity195 ) is a multisystemic @entity32 of unknown etiology that is sometimes associated with @entity715 . However, the mechanism of @entity49 is not known. In this study, we investigated whether @entity3562 , being a well-known risk factor for @entity715 , is also a contributing risk factor to venous and arterial @entity715 of @entity195 . METHODS: Forty-five @entity1 with @entity195 and 40 healthy subjects were included in the study. Sixteen @entity1 had @entity455 . Serum @entity1255 levels were determined by fluorescence polarization immunoassay. RESULTS: In male @entity1 , the frequency of @entity455 was significantly higher than in females (46.7% vs 13.3%, P < 0.05). Serum @entity1255 levels were significantly higher in @entity1 with @entity195 than healthy controls (P < 0.01), in @entity1 with @entity455 than those with mucocutaneous involvement (P < 0.01) and healthy controls (P = 0.001), and in male @entity1 than in female @entity1 (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in @entity1255 levels between the @entity195 @entity1 with mucocutaneous involvement and healthy subjects. In multiple regression analysis, serum @entity1255 level was independently associated with @entity715 (odds ratio 1.29, P < 0.01), but male sex was not. CONCLUSIONS: This preliminary study suggests that elevated serum @entity1255 levels may play some role in the development of venous and arterial @entity715 in @entity195 .

title: Serum XXXX level is higher in @entity195 with @entity455 .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory disorder']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular involvement']

entities_list: @entity1255 :: ('MESH:D006710', 'Chemical') :: ['homocysteine']

entities_list: @entity49 :: ('MESH:D019851', 'Disease') :: ['hypercoagulability']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["Beh  et's disease", 'BD']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thromboses', 'thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity3562 :: ('MESH:D020138', 'Disease') :: ['hyperhomocysteinemia']

answer: @entity1255 :: (MESH:D006710,Chemical) :: ['homocysteine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A new definition of infiltration to the capsule (fc-inf) has been proposed as a novel marker for predicting the prognosis of 88 @entity1 with @entity157 ( @entity157 ). The current aim was to present evidence to develop the fibrous capsule and fc-inf, from the Japanese histological findings for @entity157 , and to validate their biological significances and predictive power of survival in a large series. METHODS: A total of 365 HCCs were divided into HCCs without the fibrous capsule (NC type; n = 135) and HCCs with the fibrous capsule (FC type; n = 230). Then, FC type was subclassified into two types: extracapsular infiltrating (EC) type (n = 125), in which @entity5 cells penetrated outside the fibrous capsule, and intracapsular (IC) type (n = 105), in which the infiltrating @entity5 cells stayed inside the fibrous capsule. RESULTS: The proportion of less histological differentiation and portal venous invasion was higher in FC type than in NC type. The fibrous capsule came to be observed according to the increase of @entity5 size (P < 0.0001). FC type had significantly poorer outcome for overall survival than NC type (P = 0.0022). EC type showed more intrahepatic metastasis than IC type. The macroscopic subclassifications were significantly affected the presence of fc-inf. EC type had significantly poorer outcome for disease-free survival than IC type (P = 0.0132) and was an independent prognostic factor for disease-free survival (P = 0.0482). CONCLUSIONS: Fc-inf defined as extracapsular penetration was verified to be a novel marker for predicting prognosis, and presence of fc-inf might be predicted by @entity5 gross features.

title: Both fibrous capsule formation and extracapsular penetration are powerful predictors of poor survival in @entity1 XXXX : a histological assessment of 365 @entity1 in Japan.

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'hepatocellular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']