abstract: @entity298 ( @entity298 ) with a solution that contains @entity1138 ( @entity298 -M) has been clinically introduced as a prophylactic treatment for peritoneal recurrence of @entity356 with serosal invasion. Two studies, each with a treated and a control group, were performed. In the historical control study the postoperative 3-year survival rate of @entity1 (73.7%) in the treated group (n = 38) was significantly higher than the survival rate (52.7%) of those in the control group (n = 55) (P less than 0.04). In the random control study the survival rate (83%) of @entity1 in the treated group (n = 26) was also higher than that (67.3%) of those in the control group (n = 21) in the 30 months that followed gastric surgery. However, there was no significant difference. In the historical control study with respect to the @entity260 , @entity834 was observed in 8.5% of @entity1 who were given @entity298 -M and 12.8% @entity1 who did not have @entity298 -M. In the random control study @entity834 was observed in 3.1% of @entity1 who had @entity298 -M and 7.1% of @entity1 who did not have @entity298 -M. The incidence of @entity2616 in @entity1 having @entity298 -M did not increase in historical or random control groups. Postoperative prolonged intestinal paresis or chemical @entity298 were not induced by @entity298 -M. These results indicate that @entity298 -M is a simple, safe, and readily available prophylactic therapy for peritoneal recurrence that may follow @entity356 surgery.

title: Prophylactic therapy for peritoneal recurrence of XXXX by continuous hyperthermic peritoneal perfusion with @entity1138 .

entities_list: @entity834 :: ('MESH:D057868', 'Disease') :: ['anastomotic leak']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['CHPP', 'peritonitis', 'Continuous hyperthermic peritoneal perfusion']

entities_list: @entity1138 :: ('MESH:D016685', 'Chemical') :: ['mitomycin C']

entities_list: @entity2616 :: ('MESH:D045823', 'Disease') :: ['adhesive ileus']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['gastric cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the effectiveness of @entity2720 in treating @entity6250 . METHODS: Between January 2000 and December 2007, 5 @entity1 with @entity6250 (three or more joints were involved) were treated with total hip and knee arthroplasty. There were 3 males and 2 females, aged from 27 to 59 years (mean, 41.8 years). Two @entity1 had @entity1691 and 3 had @entity309 , whose hip and knee joints were involved. Four @entity1 lost the ability of walking preoperatively, 1 @entity1 could only walk with crutch. The Harris score was 24 +/- 24 and the @entity580 ( @entity580 ) score was 28 +/- 15. All @entity1 underwent @entity2720 simultaneously (2 cases) or multiple-stage (3 cases). RESULTS: Wounds healed by first intention in all @entity1 . In 1 @entity1 who had dislocation of the hip after operation, manipulative reduction and immobilization with skin traction were given for 3 weeks, and no dislocation occurred; in 2 @entity1 who had early sign of @entity417 , blood transfusion was given. All @entity1 were followed up 46-140 months with an average of 75 months. The @entity1 could walk normally, and had no difficulty in upstairs and downstairs. The stability of the hip and knee was good, and no @entity281 or loosening occurred. The Harris score was 88 +/- 6 at last follow-up, showing significant difference when compared with the preoperative score (t = 8.16, P = 0.00); the @entity580 score was 86 +/- 6, showing significant difference when compared with the preoperative score (t = 13.96, P = 0.00). CONCLUSION: Multiple joint arthroplasty is an effective treatment method in @entity1 with @entity6250 , which can significantly improve life quality of @entity1 .

title: [Effectiveness of @entity2720 in treating XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity6250 :: ('MESH:D038061', 'Disease') :: ['lower limb joint disease']

entities_list: @entity1691 :: ('MESH:D013167', 'Disease') :: ['ankylosing spondylitis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['joint infection']

entities_list: @entity580 :: ('MESH:D003428', 'Disease') :: ['Hospital for Special Surgery', 'HSS']

entities_list: @entity2720 :: ('MESH:D007592', 'Disease') :: ['multiple joint arthroplasty']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']

answer: @entity6250 :: (MESH:D038061,Disease) :: ['lower limb joint disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity3039 ( @entity3039 ) is an @entity792 characterized by the production of autoreactive antibodies against platelet antigens. Although dysfunction of multiple aspects of cellular immunity is considered to be important in the pathogenesis of @entity3039 , it has not been clarified which cell types play a principal role. METHODS: We enrolled 46 untreated @entity1 with chronic @entity3039 and 47 healthy adult volunteers, and investigated by flow cytometry the percentage and absolute number of cells in their peripheral blood that participate in the regulation of cellular immunity. These included plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs), natural killer (NK) cells, natural killer T (NKT) cells, regulatory T (Treg) cells, and Th17 cells. RESULTS: We found a significant reduction in the absolute number of pDCs, but not of mDCs, in @entity1 with @entity3039 when compared with healthy controls (P < 0.001). Reduced numbers of circulating pDCs were observed in both @entity1534 ( @entity1534 )-positive and @entity1534 ( @entity1534 )-negative @entity1 with @entity3039 . In contrast, there were no significant differences in the numbers of circulating Treg cells, Th17 cells, NK cells, or NKT cells. Interestingly, we observed increases in the number of pDCs after @entity1534 eradication by antibiotics in responders but not in non-responders, while pDCs and mDCs decreased markedly after prednisolone therapy in both responders and non-responders. In @entity1 without treatment, low pDC numbers persisted during the observational period. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrated that the number of circulating pDCs is low in @entity1 with primary and @entity1534 -associated @entity3039 and that it changes depending on treatment modality. Further investigation is warranted with regard to the role of pDCs in the immunopathogenesis of @entity3039 .

title: Circulating plasmacytoid dendritic cells in @entity1 with primary and XXXX -associated immune thrombocytopenia.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3039 :: ('MESH:D016553', 'Disease') :: ['Immune thrombocytopenia', 'ITP']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune disorder']

entities_list: @entity1534 :: ('210', 'Species') :: ['H. pylori', 'Helicobacter pylori']

answer: @entity1534 :: (210,Species) :: ['Helicobacter pylori']


abstract: Microvessel density (MVD) has been studied in a number of @entity5 , and apparently, there is a relationship between angiogenesis and @entity5 progression, response to treatment, and outcome. In @entity977 , the association between MVD and @entity7 ( @entity7 ) with @entity5 behavior has been described, but correlation with other angiogenic factors such as @entity319 ( @entity319 ) or proliferative markers is unknown. We investigated MVD, @entity7 , and its receptor @entity319 expression in 60 @entity1 @entity977 : 13 growth hormone cell @entity652 , 7 prolactin cell @entity652 , 5 corticotroph cell @entity652 , 2 thyrotroph cell @entity652 , and 33 nonfunctioning @entity652 (30 gonadotroph cell @entity652 and 3 null cell @entity652 ). We performed immunohistochemistry for @entity2280 , Ki-67, @entity7 , and @entity319 . To evaluate MVD, we used 2 methods: the number of vessels per square millimeter and the Chalkley method. Immunohistochemistry results were correlated, as well as with clinicopathologic factors. @entity652 with higher MVD were thyrotroph cell @entity652 (299.9 +/- 87.5), and those with lower MVD were prolactin cell @entity652 (168.6 +/- 63.3; P = .45, analysis of variance). We found a trend toward higher MVD in the @entity652 of older @entity1 (P = .142), but no difference was found regarding sex, extrasellar extension, or Ki-67 (P > .05). However, extrasellar extension was nearly significant when the Chalkley method score was high (P = .056). Low expression of @entity7 was seen predominantly in prolactin cell @entity652 , and high in nonfunctioning @entity652 , or in cases of older @entity1 (P < or = .032). @entity319 score correlated with @entity7 (P = .006). High expression was observed in nonfunctioning @entity652 , cases presenting at older ages, and with extrasellar extension (P < or = .022). Our study shows that @entity7 and @entity319 are widely expressed in @entity977 , predominantly in nonfunctioning @entity652 and those presenting at older ages. Moreover, @entity319 is associated with a more @entity146 phenotype, and it may have potential therapeutic interest.

title: Immunohistochemical analysis of @entity5 angiogenic factors in @entity1 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity7 :: ('7422', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor', 'VEGF']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'neoplasias']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive']

entities_list: @entity319 :: ('3791', 'Gene') :: ['fetal liver kinase 1', 'Flk-1']

entities_list: @entity977 :: ('MESH:D010911', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary adenomas', 'pituitary adenoma']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['adenomas', 'Adenomas']

answer: @entity977 :: (MESH:D010911,Disease) :: ['pituitary adenomas']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The dysfunction of specific brain areas might account for the distortion of body image in @entity1 with @entity1278 . The present study was designed to reveal brain regions that are abnormal in structure and function in @entity1 with this disorder. We hypothesized, based on brain areas of altered activity in @entity1 with @entity1278 and regions involved in @entity158 processing, an interrelation of structural aberrations in the frontoparietal-cingulate network and aberrant functional activation during thermal @entity158 processing in @entity1 with the disorder. METHODS: We determined @entity158 thresholds outside the MRI scanner in @entity1 with @entity1278 and matched healthy controls. Thereafter, thermal @entity158 stimuli were applied during fMRI imaging. Structural analyses with high-resolution structural T1-weighted volumes were performed using voxel-based morphometry and a surface-based approach. RESULTS: Twenty-six @entity1 and 26 controls participated in our study, and owing to technical difficulties, 15 @entity1 in each group were included in our fMRI analysis. Structural analyses revealed significantly decreased grey matter volume and cortical thickness in the frontoparietal-cingulate network in @entity1 with @entity1278 . We detected an increased blood @entity26 level-dependent signal in @entity1 during the painful 45  C condition in the midcingulate and posterior cingulate cortex, which positively correlated with @entity158 thresholds. Decreased grey matter and cortical thickness correlated negatively with @entity158 thresholds, symptom severity and illness duration, but not with body mass index. LIMITATIONS: The lack of a specific quantification of body image distortion is a limitation of our study. CONCLUSION: This study provides further evidence for confined structural and functional @entity75 in @entity1 with @entity1278 in brain regions that are involved in perception and integration of bodily stimuli. The association of structural and functional deviations with thermal thresholds as well as with clinical characteristics might indicate a common neuronal origin.

title: Structural and functional differences in the cingulate cortex relate to disease severity in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity1278 :: ('MESH:D000856', 'Disease') :: ['anorexia nervosa']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['increased pain', 'pain']

answer: @entity1278 :: (MESH:D000856,Disease) :: ['anorexia nervosa']


abstract: The present study was designed to examine the influence of several potential antioxidants in a synthetic medium completely devoid of macromolecules. Antioxidants may be beneficial as additives to a synthetic medium because they could serve as scavengers of @entity137 in media lacking serum, serum albumin, or other macromolecules that may serve as scavengers in more complex media. @entity95 zygotes were cultured for 72 h at 39 degrees C in media containing varying concentrations of the anti-oxidants in a gas phase consisting of 5% @entity515 :95% humidified air. At 72 h embryo development was recorded, and embryos were fixed and stained with @entity5956 DNA stain to facilitate counting of cells. In experiment 1, concentrations of @entity7525 ranging from 250 to 1000 IU did not affect the proportion of zygotes developing into blastocysts or the cell number (p > 0.05). In experiment 2, 2.5-10 mM @entity2226 increased the proportion of zygotes developing into expanding blastocysts (70-78% vs. 40% for controls) and increased cell number from 100 to 154-159 (p < 0.05). In experiments 3 and 4, @entity224 dismutase was tested over a range of 100-2400 IU/ml. The response reached a plateau at 600 IU/ml, with positive responses in rate of embryo development and growth similar to that found with @entity2226 in experiment 2. These studies indicate that culture of zygotes into blastocysts in a macromolecule-free medium with 5% @entity515 :95% air is substantially improved when agents that could serve as antioxidants are included. Other mechanisms of action are not excluded by these studies.

title: Development of @entity95 zygotes cultured in protein-free medium with @entity7525 , XXXX , or @entity224 dismutase.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxic free radicals']

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide']

answer: @entity2226 :: (MESH:D013654,Chemical) :: ['taurine']


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: The mechanisms by which small-for-size liver grafts decrease survival remain unclear. This study investigated the role of free radicals in injury to small-for-size grafts. METHODS: @entity35 liver explants were reduced in size ex vivo and transplanted into recipients of the same or greater body weight, resulting in a graft weight and standard liver weight of approximately 50% and 25%, respectively. A @entity3978 extract from Camellia sinenesis (20 microg/mL) or an equivalent concentration of @entity12919 was added to the storage solution and the lactated Ringer poststorage rinse solution. RESULTS: Serum @entity493 aminotransferase release increased from approximately 60 U/L before implantation to 750, 1410, and 2520 U/L after full-size, half-size, and quarter-size transplantation, respectively. Total @entity648 increased slightly after transplantation of full-size and half-size grafts but increased 104-fold in quarter-size grafts. In quarter-size grafts, histological changes included @entity39 , leukocyte infiltration, and eosinophilic inclusion body formation. @entity3978 treatment ameliorated these effects by > or =67%. Survival was 30% after transplantation of small-for-size grafts. After @entity3978 treatment, survival increased to 70%. Free radicals in bile assessed by spin trapping and @entity11838 adducts measured by immunohistochemistry were also greater in reduced-size grafts, an effect ameliorated by @entity6398 . @entity12919 , a major @entity3978 from Camellia sinenesis, also improved graft function and decreased enzyme release, histopathologic changes, and free radical formation. CONCLUSIONS: Increased formation of free radicals occurs after transplantation of reduced-size livers, which contributes to graft dysfunction and failure. Plant @entity6398 decrease liver graft injury and increase survival of small-for-size liver grafts, most likely by scavenging free radicals.

title: Free radical-dependent dysfunction of small-for-size @entity35 liver grafts: prevention by plant XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3978 :: ('CHEBI:26195', 'Chemical') :: ['polyphenol', 'Polyphenol']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity648 :: ('MESH:D001663', 'Chemical') :: ['bilirubin']

entities_list: @entity12919 :: ('MESH:D002392', 'Chemical') :: ['epicatechin', 'Epicatechin']

entities_list: @entity6398 :: ('MESH:D059808', 'Chemical') :: ['polyphenols']

entities_list: @entity493 :: ('CHEBI:16449', 'Chemical') :: ['alanine']

entities_list: @entity11838 :: ('MESH:C027576', 'Chemical') :: ['4-hydroxynonenal']

answer: @entity6398 :: (MESH:D059808,Chemical) :: ['polyphenols']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In clinical trials of pegloticase, a PEGylated @entity33345 developed for treatment of gout refractory to conventional therapy, infusion-related reactions (IRs) were the second most frequent adverse event reported. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to provide a detailed account of IRs with pegloticase therapy. METHODS: Data from 2 replicate, 6-month randomized trials and an open-label extension study were pooled. Infusions of pegloticase (8 mg) were administered biweekly or monthly; all @entity1 received prophylaxis (antihistamine, acetaminophen, and corticosteroid) and were tested for urate levels prior to each infusion. An IR was defined by protocol as any otherwise unexplained adverse event or cluster of temporally related events occurring during or within 2 hours of infusion. RESULTS: Infusion-related reactions occurred in 94 (45%) of 208 @entity1 receiving pegloticase; 10 @entity1 reported IRs at first infusion and 84 during subsequent infusions. Chest discomfort (15%), @entity1671 (12%), and @entity1353 (11%) were the most common symptoms. Most IRs were rated mild or moderate; 7% were rated severe. All IRs resolved with slowing, interrupting, or stopping the infusion. No @entity1 required blood pressure or ventilatory support. Infusion-related reactions were associated with loss of pegloticase urate-lowering efficacy: 91% of all IRs occurred in @entity1 with preinfusion serum uric acid concentrations (sUA) greater than 6 mg/dL. For @entity1 sustaining preinfusion sUA of less than 6 mg/dL, IRs occurred in fewer than 1 per 100 infusions. CONCLUSIONS: Phase 3 trial data combined with post hoc analyses demonstrated that knowledge of sUA preceding each pegloticase infusion and cessation of therapy when urate-lowering efficacy is lost provide a means to optimize the safety of pegloticase in clinical practice.

title: Infusion-related reactions with pegloticase, a recombinant XXXX for the treatment of chronic gout refractory to conventional therapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

answer: @entity33345 :: (391051,Gene) :: ['uricase']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Mitral valve (MV) abnormalities may adversely impact outcomes after biventricular repair of critical @entity712 . METHODS: Neonates with @entity340 (anatomically abnormal or hypoplastic but otherwise normal [Z-score  -1.5 to  -4]) who underwent biventricular repair from December 2005 to December 2012 were included. Institutional selection criteria determined suitability for biventricular repair. Primary outcomes ( @entity204 , univentricular conversion, @entity120 ) and secondary outcomes (reinterventions) were compared between hypoplastic and anatomically abnormal MV groups. Freedom from reintervention was determined by Kaplan-Meier analysis. RESULTS: There were 55 @entity1 with hypoplastic MV (n  = 35) or anatomically abnormal MV (n  = 20). Initial interventions included arch repair (n  = 45, with @entity1757 closure in 7), balloon aortic valvuloplasty (n  = 8), and Ross-Konno operation (n  = 2). None had initial MV intervention. Follow-up was available on 46 @entity1 (84%) at a median of 25 months. Primary outcome occurred in 6 @entity1 (13%): 2 deaths, 1 univentricular conversion, and 3 @entity120 . Twenty-six @entity1 (57%) underwent 36 follow-up interventions, often for arch obstruction (n  = 26). All follow-up MV interventions (n  = 4) occurred in @entity1 with anatomically abnormal MV. Median reintervention-free time was 7.3 months. Freedom from reintervention at 6, 9, and 12 months was 65%, 38%, and 27%, respectively. Neither MV size nor anatomy was associated with primary outcome. CONCLUSIONS: Using our selection criteria, most neonates with @entity712 and @entity340 who underwent biventricular repair had reasonable survival with complex reintervention needs in early follow-up. The MV reintervention occurred in @entity1 with abnormal anatomy, not @entity509 .

title: Experience With Biventricular Intervention for Neonates With XXXX in the Setting of Critical @entity712 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['left-side heart obstruction']

entities_list: @entity120 :: ('MESH:D006976', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary hypertension']

entities_list: @entity1757 :: ('MESH:D006345', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular septal defect']

entities_list: @entity509 :: ('MESH:C538429', 'Disease') :: ['hypoplasia']

entities_list: @entity340 :: ('MESH:D006349', 'Disease') :: ['MV abnormalities', 'left-side heart obstruction and MV abnormality']

answer: @entity340 :: (MESH:D006349,Disease) :: ['Mitral Valve Abnormalities']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The long-term effects of surgical @entity540 therapy are examined. METHODS: In a randomized, double-blind study, @entity540 (10 microg or 100 microg) or placebo (n = 8 each) was delivered in the ungraftable myocardial territory of @entity1 concomitantly undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. @entity1 were followed up to 32.2 +/- 6.8 months postoperatively with clinical assessment and nuclear perfusion imaging. RESULTS: Baseline @entity1 characteristics were similar between the 3 groups. There were 2 late deaths, one of @entity788 and one of undetermined cause (both in the 100-microg @entity540 group). Two @entity1 (both in the control group) underwent a total of 6 repeat cardiac catheterizations for recurrent coronary events. Mean Canadian Cardiovascular Society angina class improved at late follow-up from baseline in all groups (P < or = .02); however, @entity1 treated with either dose of @entity540 had significantly more freedom from angina recurrence than those treated with placebo (P =.03). Late nuclear perfusion scans revealed a persistent reversible or a new, fixed perfusion defect in the ungraftable territory of 4 of 5 @entity1 who received placebo versus only 1 of 9 @entity1 treated with @entity540 (P =.02). The overall sum of left ventricular stress perfusion defect scores was also lower in @entity540 -treated @entity1 than in control subjects (1.3 +/- 1.4 vs 3.9 +/- 2.1, respectively; P =.04). A trend toward a higher late left ventricular ejection fraction was noted in @entity540 -treated @entity1 (55.1% +/- 14.6% vs 44.3% +/- 6.5%, @entity540 -treated @entity1 versus control subjects; P =.12). CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that surgical angiogenic therapy with sustained-release @entity540 may result in a prolonged myocardial revascularization effect that could translate into clinical benefit.

title: Long-term effects of surgical angiogenic therapy with XXXX protein.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity540 :: ('2247', 'Gene') :: ['fibroblast growth factor 2']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer']

answer: @entity540 :: (2247,Gene) :: ['fibroblast growth factor 2']


abstract: AIMS: The aim of the present study was to compare vaginal resting pressure (VRP), @entity121 ( @entity121 ) strength and endurance, and prevalence of @entity322 ( @entity322 ) at 6 weeks postpartum, in @entity1 with and without lateral or mediolateral episiotomy. METHODS: Two hundred and thirty-eight nulliparous pregnant @entity1 , mean age 28.5 years (SD 4.2) and pre-pregnancy BMI 23.8 (SD 4.0) participated in the study. Lateral or mediolateral episiotomy was only performed for indications such as @entity147 or imminent risk of severe perineal tear. At 6 weeks postpartum, a vaginal balloon connected to a high precision pressure transducer was used to measure VRP (cm @entity4358 ), @entity121 strength (cm @entity4358 ), and endurance (cm @entity4358 sec). All @entity1 completed the International Classification of Urinary Incontinence Short Form (ICIQ- @entity322 -SF) by means of an electronic questionnaire. RESULTS: No statistically significant differences were found in VRP (mean difference 0.0   cm @entity4358 , 95%CI: -2.1 to 2.1), @entity121 strength (mean difference 1.3   cm @entity4358 , 95%CI: -1.9 to 4.6), or @entity121 endurance (mean difference 12.1   cm @entity4358 sec, 95%CI: -11.0 to 35.1) between @entity1 with or without episiotomy. No significant differences were found in prevalence of @entity322 (37.5% vs. 46.6%) or SUI (23.6% vs. 35.6%), between @entity1 with or without episiotomy, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: @entity121 function and/or prevalence of post-partum @entity322 were not affected by a lateral or mediolateral episiotomy. Neurourol. Urodynam.    2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Does episiotomy influence vaginal resting pressure, XXXX strength and endurance, and prevalence of @entity322 6 weeks postpartum?

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['urinary incontinence', 'UI']

entities_list: @entity147 :: ('MESH:D005316', 'Disease') :: ['fetal distress']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['PFM', 'pelvic floor muscle']

answer: @entity121 :: (MESH:D009135,Disease) :: ['pelvic floor muscle']


abstract: The condyle has a special multidirectional capacity for the growth and adaptive remodeling of @entity1348 ( @entity1348 ). Being part of @entity1348 structure, it plays an important role in the stability of long-term treatment results for orthodontic and orthognatic @entity1 with Class II division 1 subdivision @entity3232 . Several computed tomography (CT) investigation modes have been used to evaluate the craniofacial morphology and particularly, for @entity1348 . Dimensional images, acquired using new generation multislice CT (MSCT) and cone beam CT scanning data, are becoming increasingly popular in the clinical work and research. The aim of the study was to develop a new CT investigation protocol for the quantification of morphological structures and skeletal landmarks of condyle, procesus condylaris and mandible. For this purpose we created two dimensional (2D) and three dimensional (3D) reconstruction images from primary axial MSCT scans using IAC review and Transparent bone programms and acquired accordant measurements of condylar and mandibular structures. This technic allowed to get truly volumetric reflexion of the joint components in its real anatomical size and avoided the bony superimpositions. Our material included 12 @entity1 with skeletal Class II division 1 subdivision @entity3232 who had indications for combined orthodontic and orthognatic treatment. CT examination was performed before the start of treatment. For statistical analysis paired Student t-tests were applied to test the diferences of mean values and correlation coefficients were calculated to assess possible interrelations between measurements. The preliminary results showed weak corrrelation between condylar and mandibular measurements. More significant correlation was observed between procesus condylaris and mandible. It was a significant difference between right and left side in the height of procesus condylaris in @entity1 without clinicaly relevant facial asymetry which could be considered in the individual planning of orthognatic treatment. CONCLUSION: The developed combined 2D and 3D MSCT investigation protocol for condylar and mandibular measurements provides precise and demonstrative quantitative images of condylar and mandibular structures and its dimensional relationships., which could be qualified as informative criteria for the individual treatment planning for @entity1 with Class II division 1 subdivision @entity3232 .

title: Condylar and mandibular morphological criteria in the 2D and 3D MSCT imaging for @entity1 with Class II division 1 subdivision XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3232 :: ('MESH:D008310', 'Disease') :: ['malocclusions', 'malocclusion']

entities_list: @entity1348 :: ('MESH:D013706', 'Disease') :: ['TMJ', 'temporomandibular joint']

answer: @entity3232 :: (MESH:D008310,Disease) :: ['malocclusion']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To evaluate the surgical outcome of @entity726 valve (AGV) implantation with a new technique of @entity1138 ( @entity1139 ) application. METHODS: This is a retrospective study. All @entity1 with @entity726 underwent FP-7 AGV implantation. Two methods of @entity1139 application were used. In the traditional technique, 6       4  mm @entity2708 soaked with @entity1139 (0.25-0.33  mg/ml) was placed in the implantation area for 2-5mins; in the new technique, the valve plate first was encompassed with a thin layer of @entity2708 soaked with @entity1139 , then inserted into the same area. A 200  ml balanced salt solution was applied for irrigation of @entity1139 . The surgical success rate, intraocular pressure (IOP), number of anti- @entity726 medications used, and @entity260 were analyzed between the groups. RESULTS: The surgical outcomes of two @entity1139 applied techniques were compared. The new technique group had only one case (2.6%) of encapsulated cyst formation out of 38 eyes, while there were eight (19.5%) cases out of 41 eyes the in traditional group. The difference was statistically significant (P   =   0.030). According to the definition of success rate, there was 89.5% in the new technique group and 70.7% in the traditional group at the follow-up end point. There was a significant difference between the two groups (P   =   0.035). Mean IOP in the new technique group were significantly lower than those of the traditional group at 3 and 6  months (P   <   0.05). CONCLUSIONS: By using a thin layer of @entity2708 soaked with @entity1139 to encompass the valve plate, the new @entity1139 application technique could greatly decrease the incidence of encapsulated cyst and increase the success rate following AGV implantation.

title: Use of @entity1138 to reduce the incidence of encapsulated cysts following ahmed @entity726 valve implantation in @entity726 XXXX : a new technique.

entities_list: @entity1138 :: ('MESH:D016685', 'Chemical') :: ['mitomycin C']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['Ahmed glaucoma', 'glaucoma', 'refractory glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess prospectively the utility of intrapartum Mueller-Hillis maneuvers in predicting @entity854 . METHODS: @entity1 underwent Mueller-Hillis maneuvers upon admission in active labor. Outcomes of each labor were assessed, and correlations were sought between the degree of descent and outcome. Labor curves were constructed for each @entity1 , and @entity854 were described by an observer blinded to descent and outcome. The relationship of labor abnormality to outcome also was evaluated. RESULTS: One hundred six @entity1 had Mueller-Hillis maneuvers performed. The distribution of results was as follows: no descent (N = 25) 23.6% one station (N = 33) 31.1%, two stations (N = 46) 43.4%, and three stations (N = 2) 1.9%. Lack of descent failed to indicate increased risk of abdominal delivery, operative vaginal delivery, need for @entity398 augmentation, prolonged second stage, or labor curve abnormality. Analysis of parity (nulliparous versus multiparous) did not alter these findings. CONCLUSION: We present normative data for the results of Mueller-Hillis maneuvers performed in active labor. To our knowledge, no such data exist. We also failed to find a relationship between @entity1266 and descent with the maneuver. Until this test is demonstrated to be useful, it should not be used to predict @entity1266 .

title: The Mueller-Hillis maneuver: can it be used to predict XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['labor abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity398 :: ('MESH:D010121', 'Chemical') :: ['oxytocin']

answer: @entity1266 :: (MESH:D004420,Disease) :: ['dystocia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Peripheral lesions of the median nerve cause characteristic changes of the grip function of the hand. For evaluating grip force changes, measurement by dynamometers (JAMAR dynamometer and pinch dynamometer) is of high relevance. In this study the ability of grip force measurements of different grip forms was evaluated to discriminate between a  simulated @entity10036 and healthy subjects. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In 21  healthy subjects, the grip force of power grip was measured by the JAMAR dynamometer at the second stage including measurement of force at the fingertips and the thenar by a  sensor glove. With a  pinch dynamometer the power of @entity32680 , precision grip, pincer grip and pinch grip was determined. Measurements were performed with and without median nerve block at the wrist. RESULTS: In power grip of the JAMAR dynamometer at the second stage a  significant reduction of the grip force of 13.4% was found (p  < 0.03). The power distribution between the fingers D2-D5 did not change with median nerve block. The most relevant reduction of grip force in median nerve block compared with the healthy control was measured in @entity32680 (72.1%, p  < 0.0002), followed by precision grip 31.0% (p  < 0.0001), pincer grip 23.6% (p  < 0.0004) and pinch grip 18.8% (p  < 0.0002). CONCLUSIONS: For the discrimination between healthy subjects and subjects with a  median nerve block there was a  limited relevance of the measurement of the power grip and force distribution at the fingers by the JAMAR dynamometer. However, the best distinction was observed by dynamometric measurement of other grips than power grip, such as @entity32680 , precision grip, pincer grip and pinch grip. The results could be relevant for the clinical diagnostics and rehabilitation of @entity10036 , complementing the widespread measurement of the power grip by other grip forms.

title: [Diagnostic ability of power measurement of different grip forms for distal XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity10036 :: ('MESH:D020423', 'Disease') :: ['median nerve lesion']

entities_list: @entity32680 :: ('MESH:C537389', 'Disease') :: ['palmar abduction']

answer: @entity10036 :: (MESH:D020423,Disease) :: ['median nerve lesion']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the potential of @entity1543 supplementation as a means of lowering the glycaemic index (GI) of a bread meal, and to evaluate the possible dose-response effect on postprandial glycaemia, insulinaemia and satiety. SUBJECTS AND SETTING: In all, 12 healthy volunteers participated and the tests were performed at Applied Nutrition and Food Chemistry, Lund University, Sweden. INTERVENTION: Three levels of vinegar (18, 23 and 28 mmol @entity1543 ) were served with a portion of white @entity3505 bread containing 50 g available @entity3363 as breakfast in randomized order after an overnight fast. Bread served without vinegar was used as a reference meal. Blood samples were taken during 120 min for analysis of @entity413 and insulin. Satiety was measured with a subjective rating scale. RESULTS: A significant dose-response relation was seen at 30 min for blood @entity413 and serum insulin responses; the higher the @entity1543 level, the lower the metabolic responses. Furthermore, the rating of satiety was directly related to the @entity1543 level. Compared with the reference meal, the highest level of vinegar significantly lowered the blood @entity413 response at 30 and 45 min, the insulin response at 15 and 30 min as well as increased the satiety score at 30, 90 and 120 min postprandially. The low and intermediate levels of vinegar also lowered the 30 min @entity413 and the 15 min insulin responses significantly compared with the reference meal. When GI and II (insulinaemic indices) were calculated using the 90 min incremental area, a significant lowering was found for the highest amount of @entity1543 , although the corresponding values calculated at 120 min did not differ from the reference meal. CONCLUSION: Supplementation of a meal based on white @entity3505 bread with vinegar reduced postprandial responses of blood @entity413 and insulin, and increased the subjective rating of satiety. There was an inverse dose-response relation between the level of @entity1543 and @entity413 and insulin responses and a linear dose-response relation between @entity1543 and satiety rating. The results indicate an interesting potential of fermented and pickled products containing @entity1543 .

title: Vinegar supplementation lowers XXXX and insulin responses and increases satiety after a bread meal in healthy subjects.

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity3363 :: ('MESH:D002241', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrates']

entities_list: @entity1543 :: ('MESH:D019342', 'Chemical') :: ['acetic acid']

answer: @entity413 :: (MESH:D005947,Chemical) :: ['glucose']


abstract: Previous studies showed that knockdown of ITSN-1s (KDITSN), an endocytic protein involved in regulating lung vascular permeability and endothelial cells (ECs) survival, induced apoptotic cell death, a major obstacle in developing a cell culture system with prolonged @entity60886 s inhibition(1). Using cationic liposomes as carriers, we explored the silencing of ITSN-1s gene in @entity19 lungs by systemic administration of siRNA targeting @entity60886 gene (siRNAITSN). Cationic liposomes offer several advantages for siRNA delivery: safe with repeated dosing, nonimmunogenic, nontoxic, and easy to produce(2). Liposomes performance and biological activity depend on their size, charge, lipid composition, stability, dose and route of administration(3)Here, efficient and specific KDITSN in @entity19 lungs has been obtained using a @entity165 and @entity25738 combination. Intravenous delivery of siRNAITSN/cationic liposome complexes transiently knocked down @entity60886 s protein and mRNA in @entity19 lungs at day 3, which recovered after additional 3 days. Taking advantage of the cationic liposomes as a repeatable safe carrier, the study extended for 24 days. Thus, retro-orbital treatment with freshly generated complexes was administered every 3rd day, inducing sustained KDITSN throughout the study(4). @entity19 tissues collected at several time points post-siRNAITSN were subjected to electron microscopy (EM) analyses to evaluate the effects of chronic KDITSN, in lung endothelium. High-resolution EM imaging allowed us to evaluate the morphological changes caused by KDITSN in the lung vascular bed (i.e. disruption of the endothelial barrier, decreased number of caveolae and upregulation of alternative transport pathways), characteristics non-detectable by light microscopy. Overall these findings established an important role of @entity60886 s in the ECs function and lung homeostasis, while illustrating the effectiveness of siRNA-liposomes delivery in vivo.

title: Long-term silencing of intersectin-1s in XXXX lungs by repeated delivery of a specific siRNA via cationic liposomes. Evaluation of knockdown effects by electron microscopy.

entities_list: @entity25738 :: ('MESH:C015831', 'Chemical') :: ['dimethyl dioctadecyl ammonium bromide']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity1315 is associated to @entity74 localized to the neocortex, the hippocampal formation or both (dual pathology). The most common pathologies are @entity1463 , @entity5 , @entity600 and scars. However, these alterations are not intrinsically epileptogenic, as they are also seen in @entity1 who do not develop @entity302 . Thus, the cortical tissue in the damaged brain undergoes changes that may become a primary epileptogenic region. This region, in turn, may induce the formation of secondary epileptogenic regions situated at some distance from the primary focus. DEVELOPMENT: In this paper we consider the possibility that in both the primary and secondary epileptogenic regions there are similar changes in the neuronal circuits which induce @entity302 activity. In the case of the primary epileptogenic regions, these changes occur non specifically following an @entity75 or precipitating factor (e.g. a @entity5 ) which induces @entity5219 and @entity528 around the lesion. These changes give rise to a perilesional synaptic reorganization (elimination of connections with or without the formation of new synapses) which causes the onset and continuation of @entity302 activity. However, the changes in the circuits in the secondary epileptogenic regions are the result of @entity302 activity originated in the primary epileptogenic region which is propagated by specific anatomical connections. This anomalous activity causes changes in the target region ( @entity5219 and @entity528 ) which leads to epileptogenic synaptic reorganization similar to that occurring in the primary perilesional areas.

title: [The neuropathology of XXXX : primary and secondary changes in the cortical circuits and epileptogenicity].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['initial lesion']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['malformations']

entities_list: @entity1463 :: ('MESH:D012598', 'Disease') :: ['mesial sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity1315 :: ('MESH:D004833', 'Disease') :: ['Temporal lobe epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['many disorders']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epileptic', 'epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['neuronal loss']

answer: @entity1315 :: (MESH:D004833,Disease) :: ['temporal lobe epilepsy']


abstract: Inhaled @entity842 (NO) is used for the treatment of @entity120 as a selective pulmonary vasodilator. However, NO is oxidized rapidly to the more toxic @entity7459 ( @entity6836 ). Elimination of @entity6836 from inspired gas is essential for safe clinical use NO. We therefore investigated the efficacy of soda lime in absorbing @entity6836 from @entity6836 -containing gases. Commercially available soda limes (Soda sorb and Wako lime-A), were exposed to the following six gas mixtures containing NO and @entity6836 in a @entity519 carrier gas for 20 min: No. 1: NO 40 ppm; No. 2: NO 35 ppm and @entity6836 5 ppm; No. 3: NO 30 ppm and @entity6836 10 ppm; No. 4: NO 20 ppm and @entity6836 20 ppm; No. 5: NO 10 ppm and @entity6836 30 ppm; and No. 6: @entity6836 40 ppm. Both types of soda lime completely absorbed the @entity6836 in all samples when it was present (Nos 2-6). NO concentration in these gas mixtures was reduced by an amount equal to the @entity6836 absorbed by soda lime. NO was absorbed minimally when @entity6836 was not present in the mixture. @entity3542 was detected from the Wako lime-A granules exposed to the test gas by the chemical analysis. These findings suggest that soda lime completely absorbs @entity6836 by chemical neutralization, but NO is absorbed as simultaneously absorbed @entity6836 only where NO and @entity6836 coexist. Therefore, we conclude that soda lime is useful for @entity6836 absorption during NO inhalation therapy but NO monitoring from a point distal to the soda lime is required for precise control of inspired NO concentration.

title: Absorption of @entity7459 and XXXX by soda lime.

entities_list: @entity7459 :: ('MESH:D009585', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen dioxide']

entities_list: @entity3542 :: ('CHEBI:16301', 'Chemical') :: ['Nitrite']

entities_list: @entity120 :: ('MESH:D006976', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary hypertension']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

answer: @entity842 :: (MESH:D009569,Chemical) :: ['nitric oxide']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To define the prognostic value of different histological subtypes of @entity14 . BACKGROUND: Most @entity14 are @entity420 ( @entity420 ). Less frequent subtypes include @entity3079 ( @entity3079 ) and @entity2580 ( @entity2580 ). In contrast to established prognostic factors such as @entity2802 and grading, the histological subtype has no therapeutical consequences so far, although it may reflect different biological behavior. METHODS: Between 1982 and 2012, a total of 3479 consecutive @entity1 underwent surgery for primary @entity14 ( @entity420 , @entity3079 , or @entity2580 ). Clinical, histopathological, and survival data were analyzed. RESULTS: Of all 3479 @entity1 , histological subtype was @entity420 in 3074 cases (88%), @entity3079 in 375 cases (11%), and @entity2580 in 30 cases (0.9%). @entity3079 (51%, P < 0.001) and @entity2580 (50%, P = 0.029) occurred more frequently in right-sided @entity5 than @entity420 (28%). Compared with @entity420 , @entity5 stages and histological grading were higher in @entity3079 and @entity2580 (P < 0.001 for each). Rates of angioinvasion were lower in @entity3079 than in @entity420 (5% vs 9%, P = 0.011). Rates of lymphatic invasion were higher in @entity2580 than in @entity420 (67% vs 25%, P < 0.001). Five-year cause-specific survival was 67    1% for @entity420 , 61    3% for @entity3079 , and 21    8% for @entity2580 (P < 0.001 for difference between the groups). In multivariable analysis, survival did not differ significantly between @entity420 and @entity3079 after correction for @entity5 stage. However, @entity2580 remained an independent prognostic factor associated with worse survival (hazard ratio = 2.5, 95% confidence interval = 1.6-3.8, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: @entity3079 and @entity2580 are histological subtypes of @entity14 with different characteristics than classical @entity420 . Both are diagnosed in more advanced @entity5 stages, but the dismal prognosis of @entity2580 seems to be caused by its intrinsic @entity5 biology.

title: Mucinous and signet-ring cell XXXX differ from @entity420 in @entity5 biology and prognosis.

entities_list: @entity3079 :: ('MESH:D002288', 'Disease') :: ['MAC', 'mucinous adenocarcinomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity2580 :: ('MESH:D018279', 'Disease') :: ['signet-ring cell carcinomas', 'SC']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancers', 'colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['classical adenocarcinomas', 'AC']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancers']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We aimed to describe the determinants of discharge heart rate in @entity1187 @entity1 and assess the impact of discharge heart rate on 5-year mortality in hospital survivors. METHODS: French Registry of Acute ST-Elevation or non-ST-elevation @entity583 (FAST-MI) 2005 is a nationwide French registry that included all consecutive @entity1 with @entity583 over 1 month in 223 institutions in 2005. Discharge heart rate was recorded in 3079 @entity1 discharged alive; all had 5-year follow-up. Logistic regression was used to detect predictors of high heart rate at discharge. Cox's proportional hazards model was used to assess the hazard ratio for mortality at 5 years. Heart rate was categorized into 4 groups by quartiles (<60, 61-67, 68-75, >75 beats per minute). High heart rate was defined as >= 75 beats per minute. Landmark analysis was performed at 1 year. RESULTS: Independent predictors of heart rate >= 75 beats per minute at discharge were female sex, ST-segment elevation @entity583 , @entity6 , @entity1030 , @entity548 /transfusion during hospitalization, left @entity67 , @entity8 , and prescription (type, but not  dose category) of beta-blockers at discharge. Discharge heart rate was significantly related to mortality at  1  year (hazard ratio 1.13; 95% confidence interval, 1.03-1.24 per 10 beats per minute, P  = .02); this was confirmed by landmark analysis, with a 39% increase (hazard ratio 1.39; 95% confidence interval 1.05-1.84) in the risk of 1-year @entity204 for discharge heart rate >= 75 beats per minute vs <75 beats per minute. This relationship was no longer significant between 2 and 5 years. CONCLUSIONS: After @entity583 , @entity1 discharged with high heart rate (>= 75 beats per minute) are at higher risk of @entity204 during the first year, but not later, irrespective of beta-blocker use.

title: Discharge heart rate and mortality after XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['acute coronary syndrome']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'Myocardial Infarction', 'acute myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular dysfunction']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['acute myocardial infarction']


abstract: Three-dimensional images of the pelvic structure of @entity1 with @entity2463 ( @entity2463 ) were constructed by computer graphics based on radiographic computerized tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) images. Organ contour data from CT images and raw MR image data were transferred to a personal computer and to a graphic workstation respectively. On MR image processing, organs were extracted semiautomatically by thresholding enclosed areas. After several steps of image processing, three-dimensional anatomy of each @entity154 was visualized with emphasis on position and shape of the muscle complex. In control @entity1 without an @entity154 , images showed that the rectum is supported by the levator muscle from behind and descends along with the urethra. In the male @entity1 , the anal canal separates from the urethra and penetrates through the middle of the sphincter complex to reach the orifice. In those with @entity258 with a @entity292 opening to the perineum or the vestibule, images showed the @entity292 descending through the anterior portion of the sphincter complex. Images of those with a rectourethral @entity292 could show the muscle complex behind the rectum and at the region where the external sphincter should be. In those with @entity154 , anatomical position and the shape of three different viscera were easily recognized, and the muscle complex was shown like that of @entity154 . This study is a new approach to the @entity154 to facilitate understanding it and can assist a surgeon in planning a procedure. This kind of application would make it possible for a surgeon to consider the strategy on a display screen before the real surgery.

title: Three-dimensional display of the pelvic structure of XXXX based on CT and MR images.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['rectourethral-type anomalies', 'anomaly', 'cloacal anomalies']

entities_list: @entity2463 :: ('MESH:C537771', 'Disease') :: ['anorectal malformation', 'ARM']

entities_list: @entity258 :: ('MESH:D009800', 'Disease') :: ['low-type anomaly']

answer: @entity2463 :: (MESH:C537771,Disease) :: ['anorectal malformations']


abstract: This study was performed to confirm the existence of @entity9314 ( @entity9314 ) in Pakistan. Clinicopathological features of 12 @entity1 with histologically confirmed disease were analysed. @entity1 were mostly young males with median age of 24.6 years. Two thirds belonged to poor socioeconomic class. Main presenting features were chronic @entity294 and @entity353 . Eleven @entity1 had radiologic evidence of @entity8884 . Endoscopic findings of mucosal thickening, @entity4 , and flattened villi were present in the majority. @entity1 had both secretory and non-secretory types of disease. Six @entity1 presented with stage A disease. Four responded to antibiotics or @entity230 , although @entity10900 persisted in three. Two stage A @entity1 evolved into stage C disease, one was lost to follow-up, the other is alive with disease. Three @entity1 presented with stage B disease. Two responded completely to chemotherapy, the third refused treatment and expired after 16 months. Three @entity1 had stage C disease at diagnosis. They received aggressive combination chemotherapy and remain in complete remission with a median follow-up of 2.2 years. This is the first series of @entity1 with @entity9314 reported from Pakistan. Clinicopathological features and therapeutic results are consistent with the experience elsewhere. Increased awareness may result in early diagnosis and better management.

title: Clinicopathological features and management of XXXX and primary small intestinal lymphoma in Pakistan.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity8884 :: ('MESH:D008286', 'Disease') :: ['malabsorption syndrome']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhoea']

entities_list: @entity10900 :: ('MESH:D009056', 'Disease') :: ['mucosal abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity9314 :: ('MESH:D007161', 'Disease') :: ['immunoproliferative small intestinal disease', 'IPSID']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

answer: @entity9314 :: (MESH:D007161,Disease) :: ['immunoproliferative small intestinal disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Rehabilitation @entity1 , without @entity75 , sometimes complain about poor concentration and problems with their memory. The magnitude and associations, of this @entity73 , with different factors is unclear. AIM: To determine the magnitude of @entity73 in rehabilitation outpatient and to explore its associations with @entity1 characteristics, diagnosis, surgery, @entity158 , stress, @entity148 and @entity308 . DESIGN: Cross sectional. SETTING: Rehabilitation outpatients. POPULATION: Between July 2009 and January 2012, 274 rehabilitation outpatients were included and divided in 8 different groups through diagnosis. METHODS: Cognitive functioning was assessed using the cognitive failure questionnaire and compared with the general Dutch population. Associations of gender, age, diagnosis, recent surgery, @entity158 and stress coping ability with cognitive function was explored. Mediation of @entity308 and @entity148 was explored. RESULTS: The rehabilitation @entity1 had a significantly higher score on the CFQ (mean (SD) = 35.9 (13.4)) when compared to the general Dutch population (mean (SD) = 31.8 (11.1)). Mean difference is 4.1, 95% 2confidence interval 2.60 to 5.60. In the stepwise linear regression analysis only gender, diagnosis and stress coping ability were significantly associated. A significant mediation effect was found of @entity148 (p=<0.001) and @entity308 (p=<0.005) between stress coping ability and cognitive function. CONCLUSIONS: Rehabilitation outpatients experience more @entity73 in comparison to the general Dutch population. @entity409 of cognition in rehabilitation outpatients are associated with stress coping ability and for a small amount to gender and diagnosis. The association of stress coping ability and @entity73 is mediated by @entity308 and @entity148 . @entity1 tend to report more dysfunctional cognition compared to @entity1 . @entity1 characteristics, surgery and experienced @entity158 have no significant influence on the experienced @entity73 . CLINICAL REHABILITATION IMPACT: Cognitive problems reported by @entity1 should be addressed by adapting the rehabilitation program, for instance write down instructions, repeat explanations and take more time for instructions. Cognitive problems in rehabilitation @entity1 without @entity75 is probably a stress coping problem and can be addressed by boosting resilience. Targeting @entity308 or @entity148 is another option of treatment cognition if those are mediating between stress coping and @entity73 .

title: Subjective XXXX in rehabilitation outpatients with musculoskeletal disorders or chronic pain.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Women', 'Patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain damage']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive dysfunction', 'cognitive problems']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['Reported dysfunction']

answer: @entity73 :: (MESH:D003072,Disease) :: ['cognitive dysfunction']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the rate of @entity292 after salvage laryngectomy and assess if pectoralis @entity13705 reinforcement over primary pharyngeal closure prevents @entity292 . STUDY DESIGN: Case series with chart review. SETTING: Tertiary-care public hospital. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: This study included 43 @entity1 undergoing total laryngectomy between 2003 and 2008. Pectoralis @entity13705 reinforcement of the pharyngeal closure during salvage laryngectomy was performed on @entity1 after June 2006. The main outcome measure was @entity292 after primary laryngectomy, salvage laryngectomy, and salvage laryngectomy with pectoralis flap reinforcement. RESULTS: Of the 43 @entity1 , 26 were treated with primary total laryngectomy while 17 received salvage laryngectomy. Seven of 26 @entity1 (27%) undergoing primary total laryngectomy developed @entity292 . All @entity1 in this group were closed primarily with no flap reinforcement. For salvage laryngectomy, four of seven @entity1 (57%) with primary pharyngeal closure developed @entity292 ; however, none of 10 @entity1 (0%) undergoing salvage laryngectomy with pectoralis @entity13705 reinforcement developed @entity292 (P<0.02; 0%-23%; 95% CI). CONCLUSIONS: With pectoralis @entity13705 reinforcement, @entity292 rate after salvage laryngectomy dropped to 0 percent in this study (0%-23%; 95% CI). This is a simple, reliable technique that prevents @entity86 and its associated morbidity after salvage laryngectomy.

title: Pectoralis @entity13705 during salvage laryngectomy prevents XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity13705 :: ('MESH:D009209', 'Disease') :: ['myofascial flap']

entities_list: @entity292 :: ('MESH:D005402', 'Disease') :: ['fistula', 'pharyngocutaneous fistula']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative pharyngocutaneous fistula']

answer: @entity292 :: (MESH:D005402,Disease) :: ['pharyngocutaneous fistula']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Determine prevalence of @entity1939 and @entity227 in adults aged > 50 years in Panama, identify their main causes, and characterize eye health services. METHODS: Cross-sectional population study using standard Rapid Assessment of Avoidable Blindness methodology. Fifty @entity1 aged > 50 years were selected from each of 84 clusters chosen through representative random sampling of the entire country. Visual acuity was assessed using a Snellen chart; lens and posterior pole status were assessed by direct ophthalmoscopy. @entity231 surgery coverage was calculated and its quality assessed, along with causes of visual acuity < 20/60 and barriers to access to surgical treatment. RESULTS: A total of 4 125 @entity1 were examined (98.2% of the calculated sample). Age- and sex-adjusted prevalence of @entity1939 was 3.0% (95% CI: 2.3-3.6). The main cause of @entity1939 was @entity231 (66.4%), followed by @entity726 (10.2%). @entity231 (69.2%) was the main cause of severe @entity227 and uncorrected @entity2516 were the main cause of moderate @entity227 (60.7%). Surgical @entity231 coverage in individuals was 76.3%. Of all eyes operated for @entity231 , 58.0% achieved visual acuity < 20/60 with available correction. CONCLUSIONS: Prevalence of @entity1939 in Panama is in line with average prevalence found in other countries of the Region. This problem can be reduced, since 76.2% of cases of @entity1939 and 85.0% of cases of severe @entity227 result from avoidable causes.

title: [Survey on avoidable @entity1939 and XXXX in Panama].

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual impairment']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['Cataract', 'cataract']

entities_list: @entity2516 :: ('MESH:D012030', 'Disease') :: ['refractive errors']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity1939 :: ('MESH:D001766', 'Disease') :: ['blindness']

answer: @entity227 :: (MESH:D014786,Disease) :: ['visual impairment']


abstract: The heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) K is an essential RNA and DNA binding protein involved in gene expression and signal transduction including DNA transcription, RNA splicing, RNA stability and translation. The role of @entity25931 in @entity5 is relatively understudied. However, several cellular functions strongly indicate that @entity25931 is involved in tumorigenesis. In this study, we investigated the altered protein expression and the subcellular distribution of the @entity25931 protein using tissue microarrays in @entity788 . We showed an increased cytoplasmic @entity25931 in @entity788 . This increase in @entity25931 protein occurs at the posttranscriptional level. We postulate that the cytoplasmic accumulation of @entity25931 will lead to silenced mRNA translation of @entity5 suppressor genes and thus contributes to @entity788 development. We also demonstrated that knocking down of @entity25931 expression by siRNA inhibited @entity788 cell growth and colony formation. @entity25931 was identified as a member of the @entity876 / @entity7465 pathway. Whether @entity25931 interacts with the mutant @entity876 is not known. Using two different @entity788 cell lines, we can demonstrate that @entity25931 interacts with the mutant @entity876 . The subcellular distribution and function of the mutant @entity876 and the interaction of @entity25931 /mutant @entity876 were affected by the Ras/ @entity8047 / @entity3963 pathway, growth factors and the specific @entity876 mutations in @entity788 cells. Since @entity984 is activated and @entity876 is mutated in most @entity788 , these data unveiled an important new signaling pathway that linked by @entity25931 and mutant @entity876 in @entity788 .

title: Increased expression of the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K in @entity788 and its association with the mutant XXXX .

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer tumorigenesis', 'pancreatic cancer', 'pancreatic cancers']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

answer: @entity876 :: (7157,Gene) :: ['p53']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Blood @entity413 (BG) prediction plays a very important role in daily BG management of @entity1 with @entity6 . Several algorithms, such as autoregressive (AR) models and artificial neural networks, have been proposed for BG prediction. However, every algorithm has its own subject range (i.e., one algorithm might work well for one @entity6 @entity1 but poorly for another @entity1 ). Even for one individual @entity1 , this algorithm might perform well during the preprandial period but poorly during the postprandial period. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A novel framework was proposed to combine several BG prediction algorithms. The main idea of the novel framework is that an adaptive weight is given to each algorithm where one algorithm's weight is inversely proportional to the sum of the squared prediction errors. In general, this framework can be applied to combine any BG prediction algorithms. RESULTS: As an example, the proposed framework was used to combine an AR model, extreme learning machine, and support vector regression. The new algorithm was compared with these three prediction algorithms on the continuous @entity413 monitoring system (CGMS) readings of 10 type 1 @entity6 @entity1 ; the CGMS readings of each @entity1 included 860 CGMS data points. For each @entity1 , the algorithms were evaluated in terms of root-mean-square error, relative error, Clarke error-grid analysis, and J index. Of the 40 evaluations, the new adaptive-weighted algorithm achieved the best prediction performance in 37 (92.5%). CONCLUSIONS: Thus, we conclude that the adaptive-weighted-average framework proposed in this study can give satisfactory predictions and should be used in BG prediction. The new algorithm has great robustness with respect to variations in data characteristics, @entity1 , and prediction horizons. At the same time, it is universal.

title: A novel adaptive-weighted-average framework for blood XXXX prediction.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes', 'diabetes mellitus']

answer: @entity413 :: (MESH:D005947,Chemical) :: ['glucose']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Excessive sitting time and smoking are pro-inflammatory lifestyle factors that are associated with both @entity5 and @entity65 ( @entity65 ) mortality. However, their joint associations have not been investigated. We examined the associations of television (TV) viewing time with @entity5 and @entity65 mortality, according to smoking status, among 7498 non-smokers (34% ex-smokers) and 1409 current-smokers in the Australian @entity6 , Obesity and Lifestyle Study. During 117,506 @entity1 -years (median 13.6 years) of follow-up, there were 346 @entity5 and 209 @entity65 -related @entity204 . Including an interaction between TV time and smoking status in the model significantly improved the goodness of fit for @entity5 (p=0.01) but not @entity65 mortality (p=0.053). In the multivariate-adjusted model, every additional h/d of TV time was associated with increased risk of @entity5 -related (HR 1.23; 95% CI 1.08-1.40), but not @entity65 -related mortality (HR 1.16; 95% CI 0.97-1.38) in current-smokers. Elevated multivariate-adjusted @entity5 were observed for current-smokers watching 2 to <4h/d (HR 1.45; 95% CI 0.78-2.71) and >= 4h/d (HR 2.26; 95% CI 1.10-4.64), compared to those watching <2h/d. Current-smokers watching 2 to <4h/d (HR 1.07; 95% CI 0.45-2.53) and >= 4h/d (HR 1.92; 95% CI 0.76-4.84) did not have a significantly higher risk of @entity65 mortality, compared to <2h/d. No associations were observed for non-smokers. These findings show an association of TV, a common sedentary behavior, with @entity5 mortality in current-smokers. The association with @entity65 mortality was less clear. Further exploration in larger data sets is warranted. Limiting TV viewing time may be of benefit in reducing @entity5 mortality risk in current-smokers. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Joint Associations of Smoking and Television Viewing Time on Cancer and XXXX Mortality.

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetes']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer mortality HRs', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['CVD', 'cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity65 :: (MESH:D002318,Disease) :: ['Cardiovascular Disease']


abstract: Bio-load and bio-profile of @entity3069 @entity3068 was studied in the domestic livestock population of the country. Of the 23,429 farm and farmer's animals screened, average bio-load was 23.3% (Period of study; 28 years for @entity1237 ; 13 years for @entity742 , @entity291 and buffaloes). Species-wise, bio-load was 20.1, 32.7, 39.3 and 28.3% in @entity1237 , @entity742 , @entity291 and buffaloes, respectively. Bio-load was significantly lower in time period A (P < 0.001) and B (P < 0.03), compared with period C. Geographical zone-wise, bio-load of MAP was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in Central zone compared with South, West, East and North zones. Bio-load in 11 states ranged from 16.2 to 87.8%. Of 8450, 5643, 8185 and 1151 samples screened by microscopy, culture, indigenous ELISA and IS900 blood PCR, 20.0, 10.6, 35.1 and 26.6% samples were positive, respectively. Bio-load was 32.8 and 31.6% in farm and farmer's @entity1237 and @entity742 , respectively, and 62.1% in farmer's @entity291 . MAP bio-load was also monitored in four farm units (three @entity1237 and one @entity742 ) for breed improvement and three farm @entity1237 units for experimental purposes at Central Institute for Research on @entity1237 in Mathura district. Of the 8025 @entity1237 and 1525 @entity742 that died from 1988 to 2013, 10.9 and 3.0% deaths were due to JD, respectively. On the basis of JD and suspected JD, 10.0 and 28.4% @entity1237 and 2.2 and 40.9% @entity742 , respectively were culled from the farm units in 25 years. Microscopic examination of 214 tissues (mesenteric lymph nodes and intestines) of 107 animals, it was observed that bio-load of MAP was high (25.0-60.0%) in farm animals. 'Indian Bison Type' was the dominant biotype, irrespective of domestic livestock species and the geographical zone.

title: 'Bio-load' and bio-type profiles of XXXX paratuberculosis infection in the domestic livestock population endemic for @entity3068 : a survey of 28 years (1985-2013) in India.

entities_list: @entity3069 :: ('1764', 'Species') :: ['Mycobacterium avium subspecies']

entities_list: @entity3068 :: ('MESH:D010283', 'Disease') :: ['paratuberculosis']

answer: @entity3069 :: (1764,Species) :: ['Mycobacterium avium subspecies']


abstract: Dysregulation of the Wnt pathway and altered @entity3546 expression are central early events in @entity14 . We studied the ortho, meta, and para (o-, m-, and p-) positional isomers of NO-donating @entity117 ( @entity30664 ), a chemopreventive agent against @entity694 , for their effect on @entity5907 ( @entity5907 ) signaling. In @entity1 SW480 @entity694 cells, cell-growth inhibition by @entity30664 [IC50 values for p-, o-, and m- were 48.1 +/- 4.3 (mean +/-SEM), 60.4 +/- 2.1, and 900 +/-50 microM, respectively] was accompanied by significant inhibition of @entity3546 signaling. We determined @entity3546 -dependent @entity15914 transcriptional activity by measuring the activity of the luciferase gene placed under the control of @entity15914 regulatory sequences. The IC50 values for @entity3546 / @entity15914 -signaling inhibition by @entity30664 were: o-, 2.6 +/- 0.4; m-, 15 +/- 5; p-, 1.1 +/- 0.1 microM; and for @entity1281 , >5,000 microM. Total or nuclear levels of @entity3546 and its distribution in the cell were not altered by @entity30664 , as judged by protein expression levels and semiquantitative immunofluorescence analysis. @entity30664 disrupted the association of @entity3546 and @entity15914 in the nucleus, whereas ASA did not affect it. @entity30664 reduced the expression of @entity4910 , a downstream target gene that plays an important role in @entity694 . In contrast, a structural analog of @entity30664 lacking the - @entity6836 moiety did not affect @entity15914 transcriptional activity. Thus, @entity30664 inhibits @entity3546 -mediated @entity5907 activity by preventing the formation of the @entity3546 / @entity15914 complex. This effect, occurring at @entity30664 concentrations far below those required to inhibit cell growth, may be a critical early event in the chemopreventive activity of @entity30664 against @entity694 .

title: Nitric oxide-donating XXXX inhibits @entity3546 /T cell factor ( @entity5907 ) signaling in SW480 @entity694 cells by disrupting the nuclear @entity3546 - @entity5907 association.

entities_list: @entity5907 :: ('3172', 'Gene') :: ['TCF', 'Beta-catenin/T cell factor']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal carcinogenesis']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon carcinogenesis', 'colon carcinoma', 'colon cancer']

answer: @entity117 :: (MESH:D001241,Chemical) :: ['aspirin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In the Netherlands, like in many other European countries, @entity788 mortality was found to be systematically higher than the incidence. This suggests that there is an underestimation of the reported incidence of @entity788 . AIM: We aimed to study the incidence of @entity788 in the Rotterdam area and to compare this with the national level. METHODS: This study is embedded in the Rotterdam Study (RS), an ongoing population-based prospective cohort study of @entity1 aged 45 years and above, enrolled between 1989 till 2006. Details on incident @entity788 cases were available until 2013. Age-specific incidence rates were calculated and compared with data available in the Netherlands Cancer Registry. RESULTS: At baseline 14,922 @entity1 were at risk of developing @entity788 . Median follow-up time was 16.4 @entity1 years per @entity1 . In total, 113 @entity1 developed @entity788 . Rates increased with age with an incidence rate of 109.9 (95% confidence interval [CI]; 85.7-138.8) per 100,000 @entity1 years for @entity1 older than 75. This is higher than the currently reported 55.9-89.2 per 100,000 @entity1 year. Of the 113 cases identified in the RS, only 67.3% was reported as @entity788 in the Netherlands Cancer Registry. Cases that were not registered  were significantly older and had significantly poorer survival. CONCLUSION: The incidence of @entity788 , as registered by the Netherlands Cancer Registry, is an underestimation. @entity1 , not registered by the @entity5 registry, have a significantly poorer survival. Consequently, we probably overestimate the already poor survival of @entity788 .

title: Underestimation of XXXX in the national @entity5 registry - Reconsidering the incidence and survival rates.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Patients', 'person', 'people']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatic cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The role of glycated hemoglobin ( @entity3916 ) in the screening and @entity6 ( @entity6 ) is still not entirely understood. We evaluated the use of @entity3916 test in renal transplant recipients at four months after transplantation. METHODS: A total of 122 out of 274 @entity1 without previous @entity6 that underwent kidney transplantation were enrolled. ROC curve was used to analyze the performance of @entity3916 to diagnose @entity6 considering OGTT as the reference standard. RESULTS: OGTT identified 32 (26.2%) @entity1 with @entity6 , whereas @entity3916 >= 6.5% (48 mmol/mol) identified only 16 @entity1 . @entity3916 showed moderate accuracy to detect @entity6 in the ROC curve [AUC 0.832 (95% CI 0.740-0.924, p<0.001)]. @entity3916 of 5.8% (40 mmol/mol) was the equilibrium point (sensitivity 75% and specificity 72.2%) and @entity3916 >= 6.2% (44 mmol/mol) showed high specificity of 93.3%. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3916 >= 6.5% (48 mmol/mol) is not enough to be used alone in the diagnosis of @entity6 . The combined use of @entity3916 cut-off points of  <=5.8% (40 mmol/mol) and >= 6.2% (44 mmol/mol) would reduce the number of OGTT by 85%. The use of an algorithm with @entity3916 test in combination with FPG and/or 2h-PG proved to be the most efficient strategy to diagnose or rule out @entity6 .

title: Role of glycated hemoglobin in the screening and XXXX after renal transplantation: A diagnostic accuracy study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diagnosis of posttransplantation diabetes mellitus', 'PTDM', 'diabetes']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diagnosis of posttransplantation diabetes mellitus']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The lesions induced by @entity1534 in a candidate animal model should always be examined thoroughly. The resemblance of these lesions to those observed in @entity1 can indicate whether the usage of this model will contribute to the understanding of the various pathogenic mechanisms involved in the development of @entity1 @entity1534 -associated diseases. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to perform a histopathological and bacteriological evaluation of @entity1819 based on @entity1534 and @entity1534 -like organisms (HLOs) in @entity468 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present study was carried out on 28 cat's (13 male and 15 female cases) gastric mucosae, which were tested by bacteriological and histopathological methods. Biochemical tests such as catalase, oxidase and urease were utilized in addition to Gram and Giemsa staining. RESULTS: This research demonstrated that solely one case of @entity1534 was isolated by gastric mucosal culture. Microscopically, the infected stomachs by HLOs comprised a mild to severe diffuse lymphoplasmacytic infiltration into the subglandular and gastric mucosa. Lymphoid follicles were also marked, particularly within pyloric tissues and mostly in displaced @entity33 . For 75% of the @entity3621 cases, both HLOs and rapid urease tests were positive, whereas 83% of cases were more than one-year-old with @entity3621 . Furthermore, 75% of @entity468 indicated @entity3621 , though 25% encompassed no @entity3621 ; hence 20% had negative results for the rapid urease test and 25% for the Giemsa staining test. Such results may indicate that @entity468 without @entity3621 were considered as free of HLOs pathogenic bacteria. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that most cases of @entity3621 were located in the antral region. Additionally, the isolation of @entity1534 from @entity468 raises the possibility of zoonotic characteristics for the slightly pathogen; therefore transmission occurs from @entity468 to @entity1 and vice versa.

title: Evaluation of Gastric Lesions Based on XXXX and @entity1534 -Like Organisms (HLOs) in @entity468 ; A Histopathological and Bacteriological Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human']

entities_list: @entity1819 :: ('MESH:D013272', 'Disease') :: ['gastric lesions']

entities_list: @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['mucosal glands']

entities_list: @entity3621 :: ('MESH:D005756', 'Disease') :: ['gastritis']

entities_list: @entity1534 :: ('210', 'Species') :: ['H. pylori', 'Helicobacter pylori', 'Helicobacter']

entities_list: @entity468 :: ('9685', 'Species') :: ['domestic cats', 'cats']

answer: @entity1534 :: (210,Species) :: ['Helicobacter pylori']


abstract: @entity1164 occurred subsequent to epidural anaesthesia in the @entity1 of elective cesarean section. During @entity358 , immediate section saved the @entity1 and the mother recovered completely. Serial @entity1342 concentrations in maternal serum evaluated potential risk of epidural anaesthesia with @entity1342 . A 39-year-old primirapa @entity1 with an 11-year @entity12040 ( @entity12040 ) was presented. Low dose @entity117 of 81 mg per every 3 day and @entity617 of 12 mg per every 2 day maintained her @entity3665 in good control through pregnancy. An elective cesarean section was planned preventively because of @entity3665 at 38 weeks of gestation. As an epidural anaesthesia, 20 ml of 1% @entity1342 was injected by one shot from 3/4 lumbar supine through median approach with an appropriate tube testing method in the operation room. At 22 min after injection, a @entity1164 following to two times of pulse-less @entity1165 ( @entity1165 ) and systemic @entity410 occurred. Immediate defibrillation of 200 J was performed promptly, and cesarean section delivered a healthy @entity1 of 2,655 g with APGAR scores of 10 points at 1 and 5 min, respectively. Both mother and neonate were discharged from hospital at 11th day without sequare. @entity1342 was proved to be a cardio-toxic agent in the case. However, immediate resuscitation and operative delivery served good prognosis for mother and neonate.

title: @entity1164 during cesarean section due to epidural anaesthesia using XXXX : a case report.

entities_list: @entity1164 :: ('MESH:D016757', 'Disease') :: ['Sudden cardiac arrest', 'sudden cardiac arrest']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient', 'boy', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['convulsion']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['Ventricular tachycardia', 'VT']

entities_list: @entity12040 :: ('MESH:D013625', 'Disease') :: ['Takayasu disease', 'aortitis syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1342 :: ('MESH:C037663', 'Chemical') :: ['ropivacaine', 'Ropivacaine']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['cardio-pulmonary resuscitation']

entities_list: @entity617 :: ('MESH:D011239', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisolone']

answer: @entity1342 :: (MESH:C037663,Chemical) :: ['ropivacaine']


abstract: @entity356 screening using endoscopy has recently spread in Eastern Asian countries showing increasing evidence of its effectiveness. However, despite the benefits of endoscopic screening for @entity356 , its major harms include @entity281 , complications, false-negative results, false-positive results, and overdiagnosis. The most serious harm of endoscopic screening is overdiagnosis and this can occur in any @entity5 screening programs. Overdiagnosis is defined as the detection of @entity5 that would never have been found if there is no @entity5 screening. Overdiagnosis has been estimated from randomized controlled trials, observational studies, and modeling. It can be calculated on the basis of a comparison of the incidence of @entity5 between screened and unscreened individuals after the follow-up. Although the estimation method for overdiagnosis has not yet been standardized, estimation of overdiagnosis is needed in endoscopic screening for @entity356 . To minimize overdiagnosis, the target age group and screening interval should be appropriately defined. Moreover, the balance of benefits and harms must be carefully considered to effectively introduce endoscopic screening in communities. Further research regarding overdiagnosis is warranted when evaluating the effectiveness of endoscopic screening.

title: Overdiagnosis of XXXX by endoscopic screening.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer', 'Gastric cancer']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['gastric cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare lymphocyte proliferative responses to @entity2069 in healthy controls and @entity1 with @entity3001 . @entity1 : Twelve @entity1 fulfilling case-definition criteria for @entity3001 . Twelve healthy volunteers and two newborns served as controls. MEASUREMENTS: Antibodies to @entity2069 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Proliferation of peripheral blood lymphocytes cultured for 5 days with B. burgdorferi, recall antigens, or pokeweed mitogen was measured by radioactive @entity1014 uptake. RESULTS: Lymphocytes from 11 @entity1 with @entity3001 , 8 healthy seronegative controls, and two newborns showed elevated responses when stimulated with @entity2069 . When a @entity1 and a control were studied on the same day, the @entity1 's lymphocyte response to @entity2069 exceeded the control's in only 5 of 12 cases. Lymphocytes from both @entity1 and controls responded to @entity2069 isolates from three different sources. CONCLUSIONS: Heightened lymphocyte responses to @entity2069 are found in @entity1 with @entity3001 but elevated responses also frequently occur in healthy controls. At present, the interpretation of a positive lymphocyte response to @entity2069 would be difficult in ambiguous clinical situations.

title: Lymphoproliferative responses to XXXX in @entity3001 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity3001 :: ('MESH:D008193', 'Disease') :: ['Lyme disease']

entities_list: @entity2069 :: ('139', 'Species') :: ['B. burgdorferi', 'Borrelia burgdorferi']

entities_list: @entity1014 :: ('MESH:D013936', 'Chemical') :: ['thymidine']

answer: @entity2069 :: (139,Species) :: ['Borrelia burgdorferi']


abstract: The production of @entity379 ( @entity379 ) by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), CD4 cells, or CD8 cells in response to @entity1199 ( @entity1199 ) stimulation has been studied; the samples were obtained from 12 healthy control subjects, 19 @entity1 with @entity2743 (10 @entity1378 and nine euthyroid), 13 @entity1 with @entity2621 (four @entity1375 and nine euthyroid), and 15 @entity1 with @entity309 (11 active and four inactive). A dose of @entity1199 (25 U/ml) was utilized to induce @entity379 by PBMC from all four groups. The incremental increase in @entity379 values (with @entity1199 stimulation minus without stimulation) was significantly less in PBMC from @entity1 with @entity2743 , @entity2621 , and @entity309 than that in PBMC from control subjects. The values from PBMC in @entity1 with @entity2743 in a euthyroid state were below normal but greater than those from @entity1 with @entity2743 in a @entity1378 state. The incremental increase in @entity379 values from @entity2743 PBMC correlated with the serum TSH values (r = 0.622, P less than 0.01), but not with thyroid autoantibodies (anti-thyroid microsomal antibodies, anti-thyroid microsomal antibodies, nor TSH-binding inhibitory immunoglobulin activities). The incremental increase in @entity379 from PBMC from both control subjects and @entity2743 was correlated with that from CD4 cells (r = 0.711, P less than 0.01), but not with that from CD8 cells. The production of @entity379 in response to @entity1199 from PBMC in @entity2743 correlated inversely with thyroid function, appearing to reflect the very effect of @entity1378 in this process. The precise explanation of these phenomena remains unclear. The decreased response of @entity379 to @entity1199 stimulation by PBMC from @entity1 with @entity2743 , @entity2621 , and @entity309 seems to be a non-specific phenomenon occurring in both organ specific @entity792 and @entity792 . It may be due to a down-regulation in @entity792 of CD4 cells in response to @entity1199 , a decreased level of @entity1199 cellular receptors or a decreased receptor affinity, associated increased soluble @entity1199 receptors, or a defect of the intra-CD4 cellular @entity1199 signal to produce or release @entity379 in the conditions studied.

title: In vitro production of @entity379 by peripheral blood from @entity1 with XXXX , @entity2621 and @entity309 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1375 :: ('MESH:D007037', 'Disease') :: ['hypothyroid']

entities_list: @entity2743 :: ('MESH:D006111', 'Disease') :: ["Graves' disease"]

entities_list: @entity2621 :: ('MESH:D050031', 'Disease') :: ["Hashimoto's thyroiditis"]

entities_list: @entity1378 :: ('MESH:D006980', 'Disease') :: ['hyperthyroidism', 'hyperthyroid']

entities_list: @entity379 :: ('3458', 'Gene') :: ['IFN-gamma', 'interferon-gamma']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['systemic autoimmune disease', 'autoimmune disease']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']

answer: @entity2743 :: (MESH:D006111,Disease) :: ['Graves' disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Hepatic resection ( @entity61302 ) or radiofrequency ablation may be carried out as the first-line treatment of @entity157 ( @entity157 ). However, we have used intraoperative microwave ablation, named @entity39 ( @entity39 ) as part of our strategy for the treatment of HCCs for more than 15 years. Here we describe the treatment outcomes achieved at our institution as a high-volume center for microwave ablation. METHODS: Between July 1994 and December 2010, 719 consecutive @entity1 received @entity39 as their initial therapy for @entity157 (mean @entity5 size 26.9 mm, mean number of lesions 2.51) at our institute. The therapeutic survival effect, local @entity5 progression, and overall recurrence were prospectively evaluated and statistically analyzed. RESULTS: The 1-, 3-, 5-, 7-, and 10-year overall survival rates of all 719 @entity1 were 97.7, 79.8, 62.1, 45.3, and 34.1 %, respectively. Thirty percent of the @entity1 had @entity1 -Pugh class B @entity82 and the 5-year survival rate of these @entity1 was 46.6 %. The 5-year survival of @entity1 with >= 4 lesions (n = 168) was 49.6 % and that of @entity1 meeting the Milan criteria (n = 470) was 70.9 %. The 1-, 3-, 5-, 7-, and 10-year overall survival rates for 390 @entity1 treated with @entity39 who had  <=3 lesions with diameter  <=3 cm were 97.9, 85.1, 70.0, 57.1, and 43.0 %. No significant differences were found between the overall survival rates after @entity39 and the overall survival rates in 34 @entity1 treated with @entity61302 during the same period at our institute and under the same (P = 0.3592), nor were there any differences in disease-free survival (P = 0.3496) and local recurrence rates between the @entity39 and @entity61302 groups (P = 0.5926). CONCLUSION: @entity39 is effective for the locoregional control of @entity157 , with results comparable to those of @entity61302 . @entity39 should be considered as one of the first-choice treatments for @entity157 , even for @entity1 with poor liver function or multiple lesions.

title: Evaluation of intraoperative XXXX ( @entity39 ) for @entity157 : a single center experience of 719 consecutive cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Child', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['microwave coagulo-necrotic therapy', 'MCN']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'hepatocellular carcinoma']

answer: @entity39 :: (MESH:D009336,Disease) :: ['microwave coagulo-necrotic therapy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Neural crest formation is one of the fundamental processes in the early stages of embryonic development in vertebrates. This transient and multipotent embryonic cell population is able to generate a variety of tissues and cell types in the adult body. hairy genes are transcription factors that contain a basic helix-loop-helix domain which binds to DNA. In @entity1238 three hairy genes are known: @entity58928 , @entity58929 , and @entity58929 . The requirement of hairy genes was explored in early neural crest development although the late requirements of these genes during neural crest maintenance, migration and derivatives formation are still unknown. RESULTS: In this work, we extended the analysis of @entity1238 hairy genes expression patterns and described new domains of expression. Functional analysis showed that hairy genes are required for the induction and migration of the neural crest and for the control of apoptosis. Moreover, we showed that hairy genes function as transcriptional repressors and that they are down-regulated by bone morphogenetic protein-Smad signaling and positively regulated by the Notch/Delta-Su(h) pathway. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that hairy genes have a functional equivalence between them and that they are required for multiple processes during neural crest development. Developmental Dynamics, 2015.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Functional analysis of Hairy genes in XXXX neural crest initial specification and cell migration.

answer: @entity1238 :: (8355,Species) :: ['Xenopus']


abstract: AIM: The present investigation was to study genetic characteristics of Harnali @entity742 with respect to growth performance and to estimate genetic parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The 22 years (1992-2013) data of growth traits of a 1603 synthetic population of Harnali @entity742 maintained at Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, was utilized for this study. A mixed methodology with regression on their dam's weight was used to study the effect of non-genetic factors on growth traits. Heritability, genetic and phenotypic correlations were estimated using paternal half-sib analysis for body weight at various ages and average @entity1017 (ADG) for different growth periods. RESULT: The overall least squares mean of body weights recorded for birth weight (BW), @entity353 ( @entity353 ), six months body weight (SMW), one yearling body weight (YBW), average @entity1017 from birth to 3 months (ADG1) and average @entity1017 from 3 to 12 months (ADG2) were 3.35  0.05 kg, 12.41  0.08 kg, 16.30  0.12 kg, 21.88  0.08 kg, 100.66  0.86 g/day and 35.07  0.39 g/day, respectively. The effects of year of birth significantly (p<0.01) influenced the BW, @entity353 , SMW, YWB, ADG1 and ADG2. The effects of sex of lamb significantly (p<0.01) influenced the BW, @entity353 SMW, YWB, ADG1 and ADG2. The effects of dam's weight at lambing significantly (p<0.01) influenced BW, @entity353 , SMW, YWB, ADG1 and ADG2. No definite trend was observed over the years for the averages of body weight and gain. The heritability estimates of BW, @entity353 , SMW, YBW, ADG1 and ADG2 were 0.40  0.05, 0.38  0.05, 0.45  0.06, 0.29  0.05, 0.40  0.06 and 0.33  0.02, respectively. The male @entity742 were significantly heavier than females at all stages of growth. The heritability estimates were moderate for all the growth traits and high genetic correlations of BW and @entity353 with SMW were found. CONCLUSION: Due to high heritability and positive correlations of SMW with other body weights and @entity1017 , it was concluded that selection on the basis of SMW would be the best approach to improve growth performance in Harnali @entity742 .

title: Genetic analysis of growth traits in Harnali XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['daily gain']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weaning weight', 'WW']

answer: @entity742 :: (9940,Species) :: ['sheep']


abstract: A best evidence topic in cardiovascular surgery was written according to a structured protocol. The question addressed was whether administering @entity4388 ( @entity5993 ) prevents @entity8 ( @entity8 ) in cardiovascular @entity1 undergoing contrast imaging. In total, 266 papers were found using the reported search, 16 of which represented the best evidence to answer the clinical question. The authors, journal, date and country of publication, @entity1 group studied, study type, relevant outcomes and results of these papers are tabulated. @entity8 is thought to occur as a result of ischaemic or oxidative injury to the kidney. It is postulated that @entity5993 attenuates this renal damage by alkanizing renal tubular fluid thus reducing the generation of contrast-induced free radicals, which damage the kidney. Of the 16 trials, 15 recruited @entity1 with various degrees of @entity8 at baseline. The benefit of using @entity5993 was demonstrated at all stages of @entity740 . Apart from four studies, 12 studies used low @entity137 , low-osmolar contrast. Merten et al. published the first trial of @entity5993 vs (saline) @entity1219 in preventing @entity8 , demonstrated a significantly lower rate in the @entity5993 group and advocated its widespread use. Subsequent trials using the same regimen have collaborated these results. However, more recently, Gomes et al. concluded that @entity5993 is not superior to saline-based hydration. Similarly, Brar et al. randomized 323 @entity1 with moderate-to-severe @entity177 to receive either an @entity5993 or an @entity1219 infusion and observed no difference in @entity8 rates. Two studies investigated the effects of rapid urine alkanization with bolus injections of @entity5993 prior to contrast and found significant reductions in @entity8 rates compared with @entity1219 -treated groups. One study observed that @entity1219 is superior to @entity5993 , while all other studies showed a beneficial effect or no difference between @entity1219 - and @entity5993 -based hydration. The most recent meta-analysis by Jang et al. incorporated 3609 @entity1 across 19 trials and concluded that @entity5993 -based hydration regimens are superior to @entity1219 -based ones. Based on this review, the authors recommend @entity5993 alongside an @entity1219 hydration regimen. The exact regimen will depend on the context within which contrast is being administered and needs further evaluation.

title: Does bicarbonate prevent @entity8 in cardiovascular XXXX undergoing contrast imaging?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4388 :: ('MESH:D017693', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium bicarbonate']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['contrast-induced nephropathy', 'renal dysfunction', 'CIN']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['chronic kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal insufficiency']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']