abstract: @entity17324 effectively lowers serum levels of @entity165 and @entity1674 in @entity35 after two weeks, after which the @entity165 levels continued to decline. The maximum serum lipid lowering effect on @entity165 or @entity412 levels was during the seventh and eighth week of drug administration. Similar magnitudes of reduction in lipids were observed in hyperlipidemic diet induced @entity19 after four weeks of drug administration of 20 mg/kg.day. Lipid levels in liver, small intestines and aorta wall tissue were significantly reduced after eight weeks of drug administration, but no significant @entity101 was noted. The @entity165 content in the chylomicrons and in the VLDL and LDL-fractions was significantly reduced whereas HDL @entity165 was elevated by 112%. Neutral lipids and the @entity412 content were not altered in the chylomicron, VLDL and LDL; however, reductions of both levels were observed in the HDL fraction. The phospholipid content was reduced in the LDL and elevated in the other three fractions. Incorporation studies into lipoprotein fractions showed a decrease in @entity165 incorporation in chylomicrons, VLDL and LDL with an increase in HDL @entity165 incorporation. @entity7609 incorporation was reduced in the chylomicron, VLDL and HDL fractions. 32P-Incorporation was reduced in the HDL fraction. @entity368 incorporation into the apoproteins of all four fractions was elevated. Rate limiting enzymes involved in de novo @entity165 , @entity844 and @entity412 synthesis were inhibited by @entity17324 after eight weeks of administration. There was no evidence that the drug caused an increase in peroxisome formation as measured by liver catalase activity nor the release of lysosomal hydrolytic enzymes as measured by acid phosphatase and cathepsin activities. The drug afforded no deleterious effects on clinical chemistry parameters after eight weeks administration.

title: Effects of @entity17324 on XXXX lipid metabolism and serum lipoproteins.

entities_list: @entity844 :: ('CHEBI:35366', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['increase in fecal lipids']

entities_list: @entity368 :: ('CHEBI:25017', 'Chemical') :: ['Leucine']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity17324 :: ('MESH:C058828', 'Chemical') :: ['2,3-dihydrophthalazine-1,4-dione', '2,3-Dihydrophthalazine-1,4-dione']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague Dawley rats']

entities_list: @entity7609 :: ('MESH:D019308', 'Chemical') :: ['Palmitic acid']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['Sprague Dawley rats']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Some forms of @entity5144 ( @entity5144 ) are classified as @entity5145 , and subclinical gut @entity32 is found in @entity5145 . Our study was designed to determine if inflammatory gut lesions were also present in @entity5144 , and if the prevalence of subclinical gut involvement was different in the subgroups of this disease. The relationship with HLA subtypes was also determined. METHODS: Ileocolonoscopy was performed on 64 @entity1 with @entity5144 (37 @entity1 , 27 @entity1 ). RESULTS: Inflammatory gut lesions were found in 10 of the 64 @entity1 (16%): in 3 of the 15 @entity1 (20%) with @entity4932 and in 7 of the 23 @entity1 (30%) with axial involvement. None of the 26 @entity1 with @entity625 showed these lesions. The prevalence of @entity1530 , @entity5146 , and @entity5147 was significantly raised in our total group of @entity1 with @entity5144 . @entity1530 and @entity5146 were significantly more prevalent in @entity1 with gut @entity32 , 60 and 50%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Gut @entity32 is only present in @entity5144 subgroups that belong to the @entity5145 concept. This suggests that the gut plays a role in the pathogenesis of @entity717 in these subgroups. The prevalence of gut @entity32 in @entity5144 is significantly lower than in nonpsoriatic @entity5145 . Consequently, not only the gut but also the skin may be a portal of entry for causative antigens in @entity5144 .

title: Gut XXXX in @entity5144 : a prospective ileocolonoscopic study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['polyarthritis']

entities_list: @entity5144 :: ('MESH:D015535', 'Disease') :: ['PsA', 'psoriatic arthritis', 'psoriatic spondylarthropathy']

entities_list: @entity4932 :: ('MESH:D001171', 'Disease') :: ['oligoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity5145 :: ('MESH:D025242', 'Disease') :: ['spondylarthropathy', 'spondylarthropathies']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['locomotor inflammation']

answer: @entity32 :: (MESH:D007249,Disease) :: ['inflammation']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: TSH-secreting @entity977 ( @entity1220 ) are a rare cause of @entity1378 and account for <1% of all @entity977 . Failure to recognize the presence of a @entity1220 may result in dramatic consequences such as thyroid ablation that may cause further growth in @entity977 . The primary goal of the treatment of @entity1220 is to remove the @entity977 . Medical treatment includes dopaminergic agonists or @entity1943 analogs. METHODS AND RESULTS: We report five cases of @entity1220 diagnosed between 1997 and 2006 and review the literature. All the @entity1 are females with an age range from 54 to 65 years at diagnosis. Four of the five @entity1 had at least one event of thyroid surgery due to @entity5651 or nodule of unknown dignity. Three of the five @entity1 had a @entity64 before the diagnosis of @entity1220 , probably due to @entity101 , or smoking and contraceptive treatment. One @entity1 with invasive @entity5 growth received stereotactic radiotherapy (and developed @entity7961 after operation), another @entity1 received @entity1943 analogs preoperatively and successfully underwent transsphenoidal operation. Three of the five @entity1 received dopaminergic agonists ( @entity2847 5 mg daily or @entity9229 0.5-0.75 mg per week), because they refused surgical therapy or the @entity5 was stable under dopaminergic therapy. All @entity1 have been followed-up for 2.5-8 years. A normalization of circulating @entity6145 levels was achieved in all @entity1 . The @entity1 who underwent operation shows no recurrence of the disease. The other @entity1 have a stable @entity4611 without signs of growth. CONCLUSION: We report the successful long-term treatment of @entity1220 with different therapies.

title: Long-term management in five cases of TSH-secreting XXXX : a single center study and review of the literature.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2847 :: ('MESH:D001971', 'Chemical') :: ['bromocriptine']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity9229 :: ('MESH:C047047', 'Chemical') :: ['cabergoline']

entities_list: @entity1378 :: ('MESH:D006980', 'Disease') :: ['hyperthyroidism']

entities_list: @entity4611 :: ('MESH:D010900', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary mass']

entities_list: @entity977 :: ('MESH:D010911', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary tumor', 'pituitary adenomas', 'pituitary tumors']

entities_list: @entity1943 :: ('MESH:D013004', 'Chemical') :: ['somatostatin']

entities_list: @entity7961 :: ('MESH:C580003', 'Disease') :: ['panhypopituitarism']

entities_list: @entity6145 :: ('CHEBI:60311', 'Chemical') :: ['thyroid hormone']

answer: @entity977 :: (MESH:D010911,Disease) :: ['pituitary adenomas']


abstract: In the present study, we sought to determine the predictive value of selective nuclear morphometry (SNM) for @entity1 outcome in @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ). Tumor samples of 140 renal @entity420 diagnosed and treated with radical nephrectomy and hilar lymphadenectomy between 1970 and 1988 with a minimum follow up of 5 years in all the cases were studied by SNM. The morphometric analysis was performed in the most @entity5 selected zone. Selection was based on cytological criteria including nuclear grade. Nuclear morphometric features analyzed were: area, perimeter, major diameter, major and minor diameter of the equivalent @entity7085 , volume of the equivalent @entity7085 and sphere, circumference diameter, and shape factors. The results showed that in the selected zone @entity5 nuclei were larger than in the zones selected at random. There was an inverse correlation between morphometric parameters and survival and a direct one between tumoral grade and stage. @entity5 of the long-term survival group of @entity1 presented nuclei with smaller morphometric measurements than @entity5 of short term survival group, with significant differences between them (p < 0.05). In the survival analysis carried out by the Kaplan-Meier method significant differences existed between different groups formed from break point for: area, perimeter, major diameter, major and minor diameter of the @entity7085 , volume of the @entity7085 and sphere, circumference diameter and perimeter shape factor. In the multivariate analysis carried out by the Cox method, the feature with the most predictable value related to survival, was the @entity5 stage. Morphometric value with the highest punctuation in the test was major nuclear diameter. The rest of the morphometric values (except elliptic shape factor and elongation factor) were also significant but they did not improve prognostic information of the major nuclear diameter. SNM offers a useful aid in a more objective grading of @entity1358 . Multivariate Cox analysis revealed additional value of karyometry to @entity5 stage. SNM can be a useful tool for stratification of @entity1 with @entity1358 .

title: Selective nuclear morphometry as a prognostic factor of survival in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumors', 'malignant tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['renal cell carcinoma', 'RCC']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinomas']

answer: @entity1358 :: (MESH:D002292,Disease) :: ['renal cell carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A very few cases of biopsy-proven @entity1986 ( @entity1986 ) in @entity1 with @entity2835 ( @entity2835 ) have been reported. Although the clinical importance of this association has been suggested, information on its clinicopathological features and prognosis is limited. METHODS: We reviewed 5955 renal biopsies processed at our department, and identified four @entity1 with @entity1986 associated with asymptomatic @entity2835 . We evaluated clinicopathological features and outcomes in these @entity1 , and reviewed the previously reported cases of @entity1986 associated with @entity2835 . RESULTS: Our four @entity1 were female. The @entity1 ' age at the time of renal biopsy ranged from 36 to 77. Three @entity1 had been treated with @entity10055 . All @entity1 had @entity1494 such as @entity644 and elevated levels of urinary b(2)-microglobulin, and three @entity1 had @entity177 . All @entity1 had @entity8 ( @entity8 ), and two @entity1 also had @entity4434 . Renal biopsy showed severe lymphocyte infiltration in the tubules and interstitium with mild-to-moderate @entity194 and @entity82 . All @entity1 responded well to @entity134 therapy. On review of the previously reported five cases, all @entity1 were female. The @entity1 ' age ranged from 42 to 68. Apparent symptoms linked to @entity2835 were not described. All @entity1 had @entity177 . Three @entity1 suffering from @entity158 or @entity174 also had @entity4434 . Marked or transient improvements were observed after @entity134 therapy in three @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity1986 and @entity8 of different types are extremely rare but one of the important extrahepatic complications of @entity2835 . @entity134 therapy can be beneficial in treating @entity2835 @entity1 with these renal complications.

title: XXXX and @entity8 of different types are rare but important complications of @entity2835 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2835 :: ('MESH:D008105', 'Disease') :: ['PBC', 'primary biliary cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['RTA', 'distal renal tubular acidosis']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['urinary abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['bone fractures']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['Steroid', 'steroid']

entities_list: @entity194 :: ('MESH:D001284', 'Disease') :: ['tubular atrophy']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['bone pains']

entities_list: @entity1986 :: ('MESH:D009395', 'Disease') :: ['TIN', 'tubulointerstitial nephritis']

entities_list: @entity4434 :: ('MESH:D005198', 'Disease') :: ['Fanconi syndrome']

entities_list: @entity10055 :: ('MESH:D014580', 'Chemical') :: ['ursodeoxycholic acid']

answer: @entity1986 :: (MESH:D009395,Disease) :: ['Tubulointerstitial nephritis']


abstract: BACKGROUND CONTEXT: Lumbar epidural @entity479 injections (LESIs) are often performed as a treatment option for @entity2649 and @entity614 before lumbar decompression surgery. Several case series have reported spinal infections after LESIs. There is lack of literature on the rate of @entity86 after lumbar decompression in @entity1 who had prior LESIs. PURPOSE: The goal of the present study is to employ a large national database to determine if there is an association between preoperative LESIs at various time intervals before lumbar decompression and the incidence of @entity86 . STUDY DESIGN/SETTING: Retrospective case control database study, Level III was used in this study. @entity1 SAMPLE: This study comprised Medicare @entity1 over age 65 years who had a LESI within 1 year of single-level lumbar decompression surgery. OUTCOME MEASURES: International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision diagnosis codes for @entity86 and Current Procedural Terminology procedure codes for treatment of @entity86 were the outcome measures for this study. METHODS: The PearlDiver @entity1 Records Database, an insurance-based database of @entity1 records, was used for this study. The database was queried for LESI and single-level lumbar decompression procedures using Current Procedural Terminology codes. These study @entity1 were then divided into four separate cohorts: (1) lumbar decompression within 1 month following LESI, (2) lumbar decompression between 1 and 3 months following LESI, (3) lumbar decompression between 3 and 6 months following LESI, and (4) lumbar decompression between 6 and 12 months following LESI. Unique control groups for each study cohort were created with @entity1 who underwent single-level lumbar decompression without previous LESI and matched for major risk factors for @entity281 , including age, gender, smoking status, @entity6 , and @entity28 . RESULTS: Overall, the rate of @entity86 after single-level lumbar decompression after LESI remained relatively low, ranging between 0.8% and 1.7%. The incidence of 90-day @entity86 after lumbar decompression was significantly higher than matched controls in groups with LESI within 1 month (OR=3.2, p<.0001) and 1-3 months before surgery (OR=1.8, p<.0001). The incidence of 90-day @entity86 was not significantly different from matched controls in groups with LESI between 3-6 months (OR=1.3, p=.15) and 6-12 months before decompression surgery (OR=1.3, p=.18) CONCLUSIONS: Single-level lumbar decompression within 3 months after LESI may be associated with an increased rate of @entity86 . Increasing the time interval between LESI and single-level lumbar decompression surgery to at least 3 months may decrease @entity86 rates.

title: Preoperative epidural injections are associated with increased risk of XXXX after single-level lumbar decompression.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PATIENT', 'patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity2649 :: ('MESH:C563613', 'Disease') :: ['lumbar stenosis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative infections', 'postoperative infection']

entities_list: @entity614 :: ('MESH:D011843', 'Disease') :: ['radiculopathy']

answer: @entity281 :: (MESH:D007239,Disease) :: ['infection']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study in @entity1 with @entity6 was undertaken 1) to evaluate cardiac sympathetic innervation in @entity6 @entity1 using @entity7990 (MIBG) imaging; 2) to study the relation between autonomic function assessed by clinical maneuvers and abnormalities in MIBG uptake; and 3) to examine the basis for our previous observation of an association between @entity16 and silent @entity741 . BACKGROUND: The clinical detection of @entity5433 in @entity6 has been linked to both abnormal perception of @entity158 , including angina, and poor prognosis. METHODS: Uptake of MIBG was measured by dual-isotope imaging in 23 normal subjects and 65 asymptomatic @entity6 @entity1 . Silent @entity741 was defined as the presence of a reversible perfusion defect in @entity1 with @entity308 . RESULTS: The MIBG uptake in the @entity6 @entity1 was significantly lower than that in normal subjects in the apex (67 +/- 17% vs. 82 +/- 7%, p = 0.0001), distal third (77 +/- 11% vs. 85 +/- 3%, p = 0.0001), proximal third (77 +/- 9% vs. 84 +/- 3%, p = 0.0001) and base (71 +/- 9% vs. 80 +/- 4%, p = 0.0001) of the left ventricle. Similarly, MIBG uptake was variable across different vascular territories. When MIBG uptake was corrected for perfusion abnormalities, @entity6 @entity1 had a greater MIBG uptake defect than normal subjects on visual score assessment (16 +/- 13 vs. 8 +/- 7%, p = 0.0002) and on quantitative MIBG mismatch assessment (13 +/- 15% vs. 2 +/- 2%, p = 0.0001). @entity6 @entity1 with versus without @entity5433 had more extensive MIBG uptake mismatch (17 +/- 17% vs. 4 +/- 6%, p = 0.0001). There was a greater diffuse abnormality in @entity6 @entity1 with versus without silent @entity741 detected by sestamibi/MIBG uptake ratio (68 +/- 35% vs. 19 +/- 33%, p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Sympathetic cardiac innervation in normal subjects is inhomogeneous. In contrast to normal subjects, @entity6 @entity1 have evidence of a significant reduction in MIBG uptake, most likely on the basis of @entity5433 . Furthermore, @entity6 @entity1 with silent @entity741 have evidence of a diffuse abnormality in MIBG uptake, suggesting that abnormalities in @entity158 perception may be linked to sympathetic denervation.

title: @entity7990 imaging in @entity6 : assessment of cardiac sympathetic denervation and its relation to XXXX and silent @entity741 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['ST segment depression']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetic', 'diabetic', 'diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['abnormalities in autonomic nervous system dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity7990 :: ('MESH:D019797', 'Chemical') :: ['metaiodobenzylguanidine']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial ischemia']

entities_list: @entity5433 :: ('MESH:C563939', 'Disease') :: ['autonomic dysfunction']

answer: @entity5433 :: (MESH:C563939,Disease) :: ['autonomic dysfunction']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity1770 is an atypical antipsychotic drug which is metabolized by the polymorphic enzyme @entity5320 ( @entity5320 ). The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of the @entity5320 genotype on serum concentrations of @entity1770 ( @entity10916 ) and to determine the sum of @entity10916 and the active metabolite @entity13515 ( @entity13516 ) in @entity146 @entity1 . METHODS: Data on steady-state serum concentrations and the @entity5320 genotypes of @entity1 treated with @entity10916 were extracted from a routine therapeutic drug monitoring database. The 62 @entity1 included in the analysis were stratified into the following subgroups according to @entity5320 genotype: *1/*1 (homozygous extensive metabolizers, EMs; n = 37), *1/*3-6 (heterozygous extensive metabolizers, @entity13517 ; n = 17) and *3-6/*3-6 (poor metabolizers, PMs; n = 8). Dose-adjusted serum concentrations (C/D ratios) of @entity10916 and @entity10916 + @entity13516 were compared between the subgroups. RESULTS: The median serum concentration of @entity10916 was 1.7-fold higher in PMs than in EMs (45.5 vs. 26.3 nM/mg, p < 0.01). The observed serum concentration of the active sum of @entity10916 + @entity13516 was 1.5-fold higher in PMs than in EMs (53.9 vs. 37.0 nM/mg, p < 0.05). Numerical differences in serum concentrations between @entity13517 and EMs were less pronounced, but statistically significant for both @entity10916 (p < 0.05) and @entity10916 + @entity13516 (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrates that serum concentrations of both @entity10916 and the active sum of @entity10916 + @entity13516 in @entity146 @entity1 were significantly affected by @entity5320 genotype. The observed differences in median C/D ratios indicate that PMs typically need 30-40% lower doses to achieve a similar steady-state serum concentration as EMs.

title: Impact of the @entity5320 genotype on steady-state serum concentrations of XXXX and @entity13515 .

entities_list: @entity13515 :: ('MESH:C517414', 'Chemical') :: ['dehydroaripiprazole']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

entities_list: @entity1770 :: ('MESH:C094645', 'Chemical') :: ['aripiprazole', 'Aripiprazole']

answer: @entity1770 :: (MESH:C094645,Chemical) :: ['aripiprazole']


abstract: To evaluate the effectiveness of @entity1206 (NVB) in @entity1 with @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ), a late Phase II study was conducted. A total of 80 @entity1 with Stage III or IV @entity1149 who had no previous therapy were entered into the study. Seventy-nine @entity1 were eligible for response and @entity137 . NVB was administered weekly by intravenous injection at a dose of 25 mg/m2 in 20 ml of saline and was generally administered in four cycles or more, unless @entity1 had disease progression. Of the 79 eligible @entity1 , 23 (29.1%) showed a partial response (95% confidence interval, 19.1-40.4%). The median duration of partial responses was 14.7+ weeks. The median survival time for all @entity1 was 40.1+ weeks. The major @entity137 was @entity1431 . Grade 3 and 4 @entity1431 occurred in 48 @entity1 (60.8%). Other @entity137 of grade 3 or more included @entity417 (6.3%), local cutaneous reaction (3.8%), @entity55 (1.3%), @entity1209 (1.3%), @entity33 (1.3%) and @entity1142 (1.3%). The absolute dose-intensity of NVB was 22.33 mg/m2/week. A weekly schedule of intravenous administration of 25 mg/m2/week of NVB was reasonable for maintenance of activity, and acceptable for @entity137 in the chemotherapy of advanced @entity1149 .

title: A phase II study of @entity1206 , a new derivative of vinca alkaloid, for previously untreated advanced XXXX . Japan @entity1206 Lung Cancer Study Group.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonitis']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['mucositis']

entities_list: @entity1206 :: ('MESH:C030852', 'Chemical') :: ['vinorelbine']

entities_list: @entity1431 :: ('MESH:D007970', 'Disease') :: ['leukopenia']

entities_list: @entity1142 :: ('MESH:D003248', 'Disease') :: ['constipation']

entities_list: @entity1209 :: ('MESH:D020250', 'Disease') :: ['nausea and vomiting']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To evaluate the efficacy and @entity137 of @entity3866 as the first-line therapy for advanced @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ). METHODS: A total of 28 pathologically-confirmed @entity1149 @entity1 who could not receive willingly or tolerate traditional cytotoxic drugs chemotherapy were enrolled. @entity3866 was orally administered 150 mg daily until disease progression or the occurrence of intolerable @entity137 . RESULTS: Among a total of 28 @entity1 , the objective response rate (ORR) of @entity3866 was 28.6%. The disease control rate (DCR) was 60.7%. The rate of symptom relief was 53.6%. The median progression free survival (PFS) was 3.2 (95%CI: 0.851-5.585) months. The median overall survival (OS) was 9.6 (95%CI: 7.179-12.021) months. One-year survival rate was 32.1%. The therapeutic effect was better in @entity1 with @entity1910 . Most of the @entity137 were grade I and grade II @entity137 . The most common adverse events were @entity1910 (46.4%), @entity294 (32.1%), skin dry (25.0%), @entity448 (17.9%), @entity1295 (10.7%) and increased transaminase (7.1%). CONCLUSIONS: @entity3866 provided another choice for the @entity1 who could not willingly receive or tolerate chemotherapy.

title: [Clinical Observation of @entity3866 as the First-line Treatment for @entity1 with Advanced XXXX .].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity448 :: ('MESH:D000855', 'Disease') :: ['anorexia']

entities_list: @entity3866 :: ('MESH:C400278', 'Chemical') :: ['erlotinib', 'Erlotinib']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['Non-small Cell Lung Cancer']


abstract: Nine @entity816 of the optic nerve were investigated with the AgNOR method and by immunohistochemistry with anti- @entity1364 antibodies. Four @entity1 were male, 5 female (mean age 16.5 years, range 1-55 years). Seven @entity816 were @entity5 (grade I, WHO [2]), one @entity5 contained giant cells and prominent nuclei (grade II), the remaining @entity5 was anaplastic (grade III). In each case, 5 randomly chosen areas were investigated by light microscopy using objective 40. The @entity1364 staining index was defined as number of positive @entity5 cell nuclei divided by the total amount of @entity5 cell nuclei in the microscopic field. @entity5 showing only one immunopositive cell nucleus at low magnification were considered to have a staining index below 0.1%. The staining index of the 7 grade I @entity5 was below 0,1%, the grade II @entity5 showed a staining index of 1%, and the @entity816 (grade III) demonstrated a 2.5% staining index. Investigations with the AgNOR method confirmed the above results of a low growth fraction in grade I-III grade @entity816 of the optic nerve. Though low growth fractions have been reported in @entity816 and @entity463 of the cerebrum, the low staining index in the anaplastic pilocytic astrocytoma of our series is remarkable: Instead of histological parameters like cellular and nuclear polymorphism and cellular density, the growth fraction could be a better parameter for the clinical course, which has in fact been benign in this case of an anaplastic @entity1781 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: AgNOR- and XXXX -studies in @entity816 of the optic nerve.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumors', 'low-grade tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1781 :: ('MESH:D009901', 'Disease') :: ['pilocytic astrocytoma of the optic nerve']

entities_list: @entity816 :: ('MESH:D001254', 'Disease') :: ['anaplastic astrocytomas', 'pilocytic astrocytomas', 'astrocytomas', 'anaplastic astrocytoma']

entities_list: @entity463 :: ('MESH:D005909', 'Disease') :: ['glioblastomas']

answer: @entity1364 :: (5111,Gene) :: ['PCNA']


abstract: This is a case report presenting interesting findings on two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiograms due to multiple pulmonary @entity715 . A 67-year-old @entity1 had a history of surgery for @entity1586 in August, 1986. After surgery, she suffered from @entity591 and @entity1353 , and was admitted to our hospital because of a @entity909 . @entity7129 , complete @entity714 and T-wave inversion in leads III, aVF and @entity15081 were observed on her electrocardiogram. @entity1283 was noted on her chest radiograph. On the third hospital day, echocardiography was performed. On two-dimensional echocardiography, marked right @entity2554 with hypokinesis of the wall, and a flattened interventricular septum were observed on the short-axis view, and M-mode echocardiograms showed disappearance of the E wave and delay of the opening of the tricuspid valve, resulting in a monophasic triangular pattern. Doppler echocardiography showed the tricuspid valve flow to be delayed, mainly observed during atrial systole. These findings indicate decreased right ventricular compliance. The @entity1 died on the 6th hospital day, and multiple new and old thrombi were found in the pulmonary artery at autopsy.

title: [Two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiographic findings of a sudden death case due to multiple pulmonary XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity714 :: ('MESH:D002037', 'Disease') :: ['right bundle branch block']

entities_list: @entity1283 :: ('MESH:D006332', 'Disease') :: ['Cardiomegaly']

entities_list: @entity909 :: ('MESH:D014474', 'Disease') :: ['loss of consciousness']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity2554 :: ('MESH:C563906', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular dilatation']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thromboses']

entities_list: @entity7129 :: ('MESH:D013616', 'Disease') :: ['Sinus tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity1586 :: ('MESH:D003111', 'Disease') :: ['colon polyps']

answer: @entity715 :: (MESH:D013927,Disease) :: ['thromboses']


abstract: The effect of sera from 107 @entity1 with @entity1820 on macrophage chemotaxis was studied using a modified Boyden chamber technique. A macrophage @entity4059 ( @entity4059 ) was found in sera of advanced @entity5 @entity1 . The @entity4059 activity was significantly stage-related, and increased especially in @entity1 with negative cutaneous responsiveness in purified protein derivative, @entity3304 and keyhole limpet hemocyanin skin tests, and with low circulating T-lymphocyte levels. In addition, the @entity4059 was found to suppress neutrophil as well as macrophage chemotaxis. suppress neutrophil as well as macrophage chemotaxis. The mode of action and the characteristics of the @entity4059 were investigated, and the following results were obtained. (1) The @entity4059 directly interacted with macrophages and neutrophils and suppressed their chemotactic activities without apparent cytotoxic effect on these cells. (2) On Pevikon block electrophoresis, the @entity4059 activity was most prominent in the alpha-globulin region, although considerable heterogeneity and @entity2611 of the @entity4059 bands were observed. (3) Dialysis and lyophilization had no effects on the @entity4059 activity. On heating at 56 degree for 30 min, the @entity4059 activity seemed to be decreased. This study indicates that @entity4059 in @entity5 @entity1 may be detrimental to the host immune defense against @entity5 growth by producing defects of macrophage and neutrophil chemotaxis in vivo.

title: Serum inhibitory factor for guinea pig macrophage and neutrophil chemotaxis found in XXXX @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4059 :: ('MESH:D007020', 'Disease') :: ['CIF', 'chemotactic inhibitory factor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity3304 :: ('MESH:D004137', 'Chemical') :: ['dinitrochlorobenzene']

entities_list: @entity2611 :: ('MESH:D005532', 'Disease') :: ['broadness']

entities_list: @entity1820 :: ('MESH:D005770', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal cancer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Several pathways involved in regulation of intracellular protein integrity are known as the protein quality control (PQC) system. Molecular chaperones as the main players are engaged in various aspects of PQC system. According to the importance of these proteins in cell survival, in the present study, we traced endoplasmic reticulum-specific markers and chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA)-associated factors as two main arms of PQC system in intra-hippocampal amyloid beta (Ab)-injected @entity35 during 10  days running. Data analysis from Western blot indicated that exposure to Ab activates immunoglobulin heavy-chain-binding protein ( @entity21205 ) which is the upstream regulator of unfolded protein responses (UPR). Activation of UPR system eventually led to induction of pro-apoptotic factors like @entity21206 , calpain, and @entity21291 . Moreover, our data revealed that protein @entity1520 isomerase activity dramatically decreased after Ab injection, which could be attributed to the increased levels of @entity842 . Besides, Ab injection induced levels of 2 members of @entity1457 proteins (Hsp) 70 and 90. Elevated levels of Hsps family members are accompanied by increased levels of lysosome-associated membrane protein type-2A (Lamp-2A) that are involved in CMA. Despite the reduction in @entity21206 , calpain, @entity21291 , and Lamp-2A protein levels, the levels of molecular chaperones @entity21205 , Hsps70, and 90 increased 10  days after Ab injection in comparison to the control group. Based on our results, 10  days after Ab injection, despite the activation of protective chaperones, markers associated with @entity2359 were still elevated.

title: @entity842 and Protein XXXX Isomerase Explain the Complexities of Unfolded Protein Response Following Intra-hippocampal Ab Injection.

entities_list: @entity1457 :: ('MESH:D012769', 'Disease') :: ['heat shock']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity1520 :: ('CHEBI:48343', 'Chemical') :: ['disulfide']

entities_list: @entity2359 :: ('MESH:D020258', 'Disease') :: ['neurotoxicity']

answer: @entity1520 :: (CHEBI:48343,Chemical) :: ['Disulfide']


abstract: Serial follicular growth was studied using real-time ultrasound scanning in 26 anovulatory @entity1 in 55 cycles stimulated with exogenous @entity1 pituitary gonadotropin (hPG) and @entity1 chorionic gonadotropin ( @entity1465 ). Dosage was monitored with urinary total @entity172 estimations. The ultrasound findings were not made known to the attending physician. Forty-four cycles (80%) were ovulatory, and conception occurred in 13. The mean follicular diameter of 17 to 25 mm at ovulation corresponded with the range observed in spontaneous cycles, although the rate of follicular growth was faster with hPG. On the day the ovulatory dose of @entity1465 was given, as determined by the first urinary @entity172 value greater than 50 microgram/24 hours, @entity172 excretion was similar whether single or multiple follicles of potential ovulatory size were present, but mean follicular diameters were significantly smaller when there was more than 1 follicle. During the last 4 days before ovulation, the mean diameters in conceptual cycles increased from 14.2 mm to 19.7 mm, values similar to those observed in spontaneous cycles, but different growth patterns occurred in some nonconceptual cycles. @entity43 was identified by ultrasound scan in 4 of 5 cycles before urinary @entity172 excretion exceeded the normal range. Although ultrasound scan does not supplant @entity172 monitoring, it can assist in the early detection of hyperstimulation, in the more accurate timing of the ovulatory dose of @entity1465 , and in the withholding of @entity1465 when 3 or more ovulations are possible. It is recommended that ultrasound examination be performed in all @entity1 before the ovulation-inducing dose of @entity1465 is given to provide information on the number of follicles that are likely to ovulate and thus avoid conception of more than twins.

title: Use of ultrasound in monitoring ovulation induction with XXXX pituitary gonadotropins.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['Ovarian hyperstimulation']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: 49 @entity1 with obliterative @entity66 of aortic or iliac artery were tested with three different types of anaesthesia, epidural, @entity1508 , and neuroleptanaesthesia. A normal blood volume was found preoperatively in these @entity1 , i.e. of 75.8 +/- 14.9 ml/kg weight. Connections between blood volume and age or factors of risk were not traced. A @entity1 with @entity292 showed an obvious increased blood volume (120.2 ml/kg). Intraoperatively the blood volume varied widely during the different types of anaesthesia: while the blood volume increased in epidural anaesthesia (+17%) and remained unchanged by @entity1508 (+1%), it decreased at the same volume load during neuroleptanaesthesia (-17%). A clear connection between changes of cardiac output and changes of the filling potential of the heart (cvp x bv) was found during epidural anaesthesia (r = 0.93). There was no functional connection in the neurolept group (r = -0.08). With @entity1508 changes of filling potential correlated negatively with changes in cardiac output (r = 0.72). A connection between changes of the blood volume and the central venous pressure is evident only in the epidural group (r = 0.59). At the same time these reactions are dependent on the extent of the individual alterations of the vegetative tonus by the epidural block. Those individual changes are even more evident under @entity1508 (r = 0.32) and especially neuroleptanaesthesia (r = 0.28). Therefore we question the control of blood volume by measurement of the central venous pressure for these @entity1 .

title: [Blood volume in aorto-femoral bypass operation. Effects of continuous thoracic epidural-, XXXX - or neuroleptanesthesia].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity292 :: ('MESH:D005402', 'Disease') :: ['a-v fistula']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['arteriosclerotic disease']

entities_list: @entity1508 :: ('MESH:D006221', 'Chemical') :: ['halothane']

answer: @entity1508 :: (MESH:D006221,Chemical) :: ['halothane']


abstract: The authors present a case of a 52-year old female @entity1 with sleeve gastrectomy for @entity28 . Two major complications occured after the surgery. The first one was a leakage on the third day after the surgery. The routine swallow examination on the first day after the surgery was normal. The pathological secretion from the drainage occurred on the third day after the surgery with a simultaneous increase in inflammatory markers. There were no clinical signs of @entity295 . An indication for laparoscopic revision was done and a small defect in the staple line was identified. The oversewing of the small defect on the stomach was performed. Immediately after the second surgery the @entity1 was clinicaly without any problems. The inflammatory markers decreased promptly after the surgery. The second complication was presented with decompensated @entity716 , which developed on the 4th day after the second surgery. The @entity1 complained of problems with swallowing despite the fact that the swallow contrast examination was normal. The @entity1 received her psychiatric medication intravenously. The problem with swallowing was not based on any organic reason, and lasted for 4 weeks. During this period the @entity1 was fed only parenterally. Almost 6 weeks after the surgery the @entity1 became compensated and was dismissed. We would like to point out to the problems potentially occuring in @entity1 with a @entity146 . Good compensation and stabilization of @entity146 is a condition that has to be met before a surgery (Tab. 1, Fig. 1, Ref. 21).

title: Complicated course after sleeve gastrectomy for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric disease']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychosis']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obesity']


abstract: A problem frequently occurring in making some kinds of wines, particularly Vitis quinquangularis Rehd wine, is the presence of @entity5910 at high concentrations, which is detrimental to the quality of wines. Thus, there is a need of the ways for effectively reducing the @entity5910 levels in wine. This study aimed to generate shuffled fusants of @entity6739 with enhanced deacidification activity for reducing the excessive @entity5910 content in wine. Sz. pombe CGMCC 2.1628 was used as the original strain. The starting mutant population was generated by UV treatment. The mutants with higher deacidification activity were selected and subjected to recursive protoplast fusion. The resulting fusants were screened by using the indicator of @entity5910 concentration of fermentation supernatants on 96-well microtitre plates, measured with bromocresol green. After three rounds of genome shuffling, the best-performing fusant, named GS3-1, was obtained. Its deacidification activity (consumed 4.78   g/l @entity5910 within 10   days) was increased by 225.2% as compared to that of original strain. In the Vitis quinquangularis Rehd wine fermentation test, GS3-1 consumed 4.0   g/l @entity5910 during the whole cycle of fermentation, providing up to 185.7% improvement in @entity5910 consumption compared with that of the original strain. This study shows that GS3-1 has great potential for improving the quality of Vitis quinquangularis Rehd wine. Copyright    2014 John Wiley _ Sons, Ltd.

title: Enhanced deacidification activity in XXXX by genome shuffling.

entities_list: @entity6739 :: ('4896', 'Species') :: ['Schizosaccharomyces pombe']

entities_list: @entity5910 :: ('MESH:C030298', 'Chemical') :: ['malic acid']

answer: @entity6739 :: (4896,Species) :: ['Schizosaccharomyces pombe']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To observe the clinical efficiency and cardiac safety of @entity2059 injection in the treatment of the elderly @entity1 with chronic @entity358 suffered from @entity12457 (IFI). METHODS: The research was single centre and open experimental designed trial. We selected @entity1 (> 70 years old) who were admitted to our department of respiratory medicine because of chronic @entity358 combined with pulmonary IFI. All @entity1 received intravenous @entity2059 injection. The clinical efficiency and cardiac safety was observed for 14 days. RESULTS: Thirty-five @entity1 were included, 3 @entity1 were proven, 32 @entity1 were probable. There were 26 @entity1 combined with @entity453 (74.28%), 20 @entity1 combined with cor pulmonale (57.14%), and 17 @entity1 simultaneously combined with both (48.57%). The temperature of 22 @entity1 (62.86%) decreased to normal in 7 days, 31 @entity1 (90.39%) in 11 days. After 14 days' therapy, the level of 1, 3-beta-D glucan decreased to normal in 26 @entity1 (78.79%). The foci in sternum of 5 @entity1 who were infected by @entity5132 were completely absorbed in 14 days. Two @entity1 were suffered from left @entity299 and @entity943 ventricular on the 4th and 5th day respectively, and disappeared on the next day after given symptomatic treatment. There was a significant difference in @entity3876 ( @entity3876 ) between before and after treatment. CONCLUSION: The clinical efficiency of @entity2059 injection in the elderly @entity1 who suffered from chronic @entity358 and then combined with acute pulmonary IFI were 78.79%. Even if combined with @entity453 and/or cor pulmonale, the elderly @entity1 who have chronic @entity358 were safe when using the @entity2059 injection in 14 days.

title: [The clinical efficacy and cardiac safety of XXXX injection in treatment of @entity12457 in chronic @entity358 in the elderly].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity12457 :: ('MESH:D008172', 'Disease') :: ['acute pulmonary invasive fungal infection']

entities_list: @entity3876 :: ('4879', 'Gene') :: ['BNP', 'B-type natriuretic peptide']

entities_list: @entity5132 :: ('5476', 'Species') :: ['candida albicans']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary diseases']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmia']

entities_list: @entity2059 :: ('MESH:D017964', 'Chemical') :: ['itraconazole']

answer: @entity2059 :: (MESH:D017964,Chemical) :: ['itraconazole']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: : To obtain early @entity15617 stent-grafting results for nonruptured @entity2334 and @entity2334 . METHODS: : The authors analyzed 47 @entity1 who underwent treatment using @entity15617 stent-grafting. All @entity1 (40 @entity1 and 7 @entity1 ; mean age, 70.8 years) underwent elective procedures. Straight, curved, or tapered @entity15617 stents were constructed from a @entity5648 wire and covered with seamless, cylindrical woven polyester fabric grafts. The mean stent-graft diameter was 24 to 48 mm. In cases where the @entity439 had a short proximal neck (under 15 mm), supraaortic arch artery bypass surgery was planned to lengthen the neck. RESULTS: : Simple stent-grafting without bypass was performed in 26 @entity1 , whereas stent-grafting with supraaortic arch artery bypass was performed in 21 @entity1 . An 18 or 20 F sheath was used as the delivery system in 46 @entity1 (96%). In all 47 @entity1 , the stent-grafts were successfully deployed. Two @entity1 died while in hospital, and another 2 @entity1 suffered a @entity64 . No other perioperative complications were observed. Postoperative computed tomography after 3 months showed complete @entity715 formation in 42 @entity1 (93.3%; 42/45 @entity1 ). CONCLUSIONS: : Forty-seven @entity1 with @entity2334 were treated with our original flexible @entity15617 stent-graft system. Using a small sheath system, straight or curved M-K stent-grafts could be deployed to adequately fit to the aorta as planned. Furthermore, simultaneous bypass surgery widened the application of stent-grafting. However, careful long-term observation is necessary, and further studies are needed to assess such stent-grafting with bypass surgery.

title: Clinical Application of an Original Flexible @entity15617 Stent-Graft For Nonruptured XXXX : Early Experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity2334 :: ('MESH:D017545', 'Disease') :: ['thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms', 'thoracic aortic aneurysms', 'thoracic aortic aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombus']

answer: @entity2334 :: (MESH:D017545,Disease) :: ['Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy ( @entity970 ) tubes have replaced nasogastric tubes and Stamm gastrostomy tubes as a preferred means of feeding for @entity1 with @entity135 , as recommended by the results of large series. A @entity1 with stomal seeding of @entity957 of the upper aerodigestive tract by @entity970 placement was reported. A review of literature was performed. METHODS: A Medline search of implantation of @entity957 from the upper aerodigestive tract to @entity970 exit site since the introduction of @entity970 was performed. RESULTS: Two reports of implantation of @entity957 of the upper aerodigestive tract to @entity970 exit site were found. Both @entity1 and our @entity1 were staged T4. CONCLUSIONS: Implantation of @entity957 from the upper aerodigestive tract to the @entity970 exit site is a rare and late complication. Its prevalence is not known. For @entity1 with a significant amount of @entity957 in the upper aerodigestive tract, we recommend Stamm gastrostomy over @entity970 insertion by the pull technique. There is no report of such late complication by the push technique.

title: Stomal seeding of XXXX by percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube placement.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck cancers']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma']

answer: @entity135 :: (MESH:D006258,Disease) :: ['head and neck cancer']


abstract: Tumour @entity39 Factor alpha ( @entity310 ) immunotherapy, in addition to that of @entity1199 immunotherapy, represents one of the most promising biotherapies for @entity1 @entity5 . In order to identify immunological parameters of prognostic value we studied changes in immune response during first cycle of treatment with hree @entity310 . The study included 21 locally advanced or metastatic @entity5 @entity1 (M/F:12/9 median age: 57 years, range 38-65) for whom no other standard therapy was available. @entity310 was administered before midday by a 20-minute intravenous infusion at a dose of 75 microg/day for 5 consecutive days corresponding to one cycle. In the absence of progression two further cycles of @entity310 were given at 14 day intervals during which the dose was increased by 50 microg/day i.e. 2nd cycle- 100 microg/day, 3rd cycle- 150 microg/day. Of 21 @entity1 evaluated for both clinical and immunological responses, 4 had complete response and 4 @entity1 had partial response. The present study suggests that @entity310 biotherapy is not associated with an increase in the number of circulating lymphocytes. Regarding lymphocyte subtype, a slight increase has been observed as far as T lymphocyte subsets are concerned. The @entity404 / @entity405 ratio in @entity5 @entity1 treated with hree @entity310 showed significantly lower values than before treatment. On the basis of in vitro experiments an increase in NK cell activation in tissue culture, in addition to an increase of @entity10086 cells, was observed.

title: Possible biological indicators of the response to recombinant XXXX necrosis factor alpha in @entity1 with advanced @entity5 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['Necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['solid tumor', 'cancer', 'neoplasms']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumour']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity3181 is a rare disorder characterised by @entity3181 . It affects 1.4 per million @entity1 , and presentation depends upon the extent and rapidity of @entity99 . An underlying @entity5 is present in 50% of cases with other causes including @entity5 . Common symptoms are @entity490 , @entity382 and @entity843 ; however, up to 20% of cases are asymptomatic, indicating a chronic onset of @entity99 . Doppler ultrasonography usually confirms diagnosis with cross-sectional imaging used for complex cases and to allow temporal comparison. @entity5 should be tested for even if a clear causative factor has been identified. Management focuses on anticoagulation with low-molecular-weight heparin and @entity1229 , with the new oral anticoagulants offering an exciting prospect for the future, but their current effectiveness in @entity3181 is unknown. A third of @entity1 require further intervention in addition to anticoagulation, commonly due to deteriorating liver function or @entity1 identified as having a poorer prognosis. Prognostic scoring systems help guide treatment, but management is complex and @entity1 should be referred to a specialist liver centre. Recent studies have shown comparable procedure-related complications and long-term survival in @entity1 who undergo transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunting and liver transplantation in @entity3181 compared with other @entity409 aetiologies. Also, the optimal timing of these interventions and which @entity1 benefit from liver transplantation instead of portosystemic shunting remains to be answered.

title: XXXX : investigation, treatment and outcomes.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity382 :: ('MESH:D006529', 'Disease') :: ['hepatomegaly']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Myeloproliferative neoplasms', 'infection and malignancy', 'myeloproliferative neoplasm']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver disease']

entities_list: @entity3181 :: ('MESH:D006502', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic venous outflow obstruction', 'Budd-Chiari syndrome']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic venous obstruction and the formation of large hepatic vein collaterals', 'hepatic vein occlusion']

entities_list: @entity1229 :: ('MESH:D014859', 'Chemical') :: ['warfarin']

answer: @entity3181 :: (MESH:D006502,Disease) :: ['Budd-Chiari syndrome']


abstract: Capillaroscopy is a method with substantial value for diagnosis and differentiation of primary and secondary Raynaud's phenomenon in @entity627 . The most specific finding is in @entity785 --the so-called " @entity2631 pattern." which is characterized by the presence of dilated capillaries, @entity548 , avascular areas, and neoangiogenesis. Similar changes are found in @entity1 with @entity6017 , @entity3928 , and others and are termed " @entity2631 -like pattern." For the development of these patterns, the most specific finding in the early phase is appearance of dilated capillaries. Capillaroscopic changes in connective @entity792 are specific and differ significantly from those of that can be found in other diseases. Diseases of social importance such as @entity6 and @entity101 often present as comorbidity in @entity1 with @entity627 . In @entity6 , the capillaroscopic examination does not show dilated capillaries until the advanced stages of the disease. In the late stages of connective tissue disease, a loss of capillaries is typical. In addition, in @entity6 , the @entity6 and @entity17351 are common complications, which have to be differentiated from similar signs in @entity627 , and capillaroscopic examination appears to be useful in these situations. In @entity101 , a reduced capillary density in different body regions has been observed in @entity1 with @entity66 as well as in preclinical stages. Analogous phenomenon of reduction in the nail-fold area has also been observed in a group of @entity1 with essential @entity101 , none of whom previously received hypertensive drugs.

title: The specificity of capillaroscopic pattern in connective @entity792 . A comparison with microvascular changes in diseases of social importance: @entity101 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity17351 :: ('MESH:C535336', 'Disease') :: ['sclerodactyly']

entities_list: @entity627 :: ('MESH:D012216', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatic diseases']

entities_list: @entity6017 :: ('MESH:D003882', 'Disease') :: ['dermatomyositis']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhages']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus', 'diabetic stiff-hand syndrome']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'arterial hypertension']

entities_list: @entity3928 :: ('MESH:C536030', 'Disease') :: ['overlap syndromes']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['established disease']

entities_list: @entity2631 :: ('MESH:D012594', 'Disease') :: ['scleroderma']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune diseases']

entities_list: @entity785 :: ('MESH:D012595', 'Disease') :: ['systemic sclerosis']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes mellitus']


abstract: Some factors influencing the production of an extracellular proteinase by @entity11763 NCDO 2085 were studied. Proteinase production was optimal at 20 degrees C and pH 6.9 in static culture when @entity460 was included in the medium. Proteinase was not detectable in basal medium but could be induced by organic @entity1568 compounds. The proteinase was produced in the exponential phase of growth on protein substrates but not until early stationary phase during growth on @entity1522 . The organism did not utilize @entity1132 , the most abundant @entity1735 in milk. @entity1792 was readily utilized as an energy source but had a strong repressive effect on proteinase production. A medium containing @entity1372 caseinate and @entity2388 supported good growth and enzyme production. All the @entity1522 utilized as a sole @entity505 source, with the exception of @entity563 , could induce proteinase production. @entity2734 was the most effective @entity535 inducer. Particular combinations of @entity1522 could induce or repress proteinase production. The regulation of proteinase production by Ps. fluorescens NCDO 2085 appears to be based on a balance between induction by low concentrations of low molecular weight degradation products and sensitivity to end product catabolite repression. The results suggest that the function of the proteinase is to ensure a supply of @entity505 rather than @entity1522 for protein synthesis.

title: The effect of XXXX and @entity505 sources on proteinase production by @entity11763 .

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen']

entities_list: @entity11763 :: ('294', 'Species') :: ['Pseudomonas fluorescens']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity2734 :: ('CHEBI:17196', 'Chemical') :: ['Asparagine']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity563 :: ('CHEBI:17822', 'Chemical') :: ['serine']

entities_list: @entity2388 :: ('MESH:D019289', 'Chemical') :: ['pyruvate']

answer: @entity1568 :: (MESH:D009584,Chemical) :: ['nitrogen']


abstract: 20 totally edentulous @entity1 , provided with 24 facultatively removable fixed bridges (13 upper and 11 lower jaws) were recalled. The material consisted of 125 osseointegrated @entity702 fixtures with a mean observation time of 7.6 years (range 6 months to 15 years). The marginal tissues were examined by conventional periodontal clinical methods and standardised radiography. Microbiological samples and biopsies of the soft marginal barrier tissues were retrieved for dark-field and histological analysis, respectively. The percental ratios of abutment surfaces devoid of plaque and without signs of @entity2522 , were 46% and 20%, respectively. In contrast to earlier studies, the presence of plaque and @entity2522 was significantly correlated. This relationship was probably due to more plaque being present. The mean probing depth was 3.8 mm. In 40% of the measurements, the probing depths were 3 mm or less, and in 45% between 4 and 5 mm, whereas they only in 15% were 6 mm or more. They were greater in upper than in lower jaws and were found to be significantly correlated with @entity2522 . @entity1464 surrounded about 51% of the buccal and lingual abutment surfaces. The marginal bone height changes were very small during the follow-up period (0.07 mm annually). Coccoid cells and non-motile rods dominated the microflora to 94% in the 48 samples taken. Out of the 19 biopsies, 58% showed healthy mucosa and a further 37% had the lowest inflammation score. The indications of @entity2522 and deep pockets at the clinical examination were not found accompanied by an accelerated marginal @entity604 , nor by a microflora or histological changes indicative of @entity2521 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Marginal tissue reactions at osseointegrated XXXX fixtures. (II) A cross-sectional retrospective study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1464 :: ('MESH:D005889', 'Disease') :: ['Attached gingiva']

entities_list: @entity2522 :: ('MESH:D005891', 'Disease') :: ['gingivitis']

entities_list: @entity604 :: ('MESH:D016301', 'Disease') :: ['bone loss']

entities_list: @entity2521 :: ('MESH:D010518', 'Disease') :: ['periodontitis']

entities_list: @entity702 :: ('MESH:D014025', 'Chemical') :: ['titanium']

answer: @entity702 :: (MESH:D014025,Chemical) :: ['titanium']


abstract: SETTING: @entity6550 are commonly observed @entity854 in @entity1906 ( @entity1906 ). OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the predictors and prognostic significance of @entity6551 in @entity1 with @entity1906 . DESIGN: In a retrospective follow-up study, contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging was performed at study inclusion and after 9 months of follow-up. Univariate analysis and multivariate analysis were used to identify predictive factors for @entity6551 . Prognosis ( @entity204 and severe disability) was assessed using the modified Rankin scale. RESULTS: At inclusion, 43 of 110 @entity1 had @entity1779 . Seven @entity1 developed paradoxical @entity6551 . Predictors of @entity6551 were raised cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) protein (>3 g/l) and meningeal enhancement. Multivariate analysis did not show any significant predictors. During follow-up, the only significant predictor of paradoxical development of @entity6551 was raised CSF protein (>3 g/l). After 9 months of follow-up, 32 @entity1 had died or had severe disability. Survival analysis revealed that @entity1 with @entity6551 and those without @entity6551 had a similar prognosis. CONCLUSION: @entity6551 occurred in approximately 39% of the @entity1 with @entity1906 . Significant predictors were meningeal enhancement and raised CSF protein. @entity1906 @entity1 with or without @entity6551 had a similar prognosis.

title: @entity6550 in XXXX with @entity1906 : predictors and prognostic significance.

entities_list: @entity6551 :: ('MESH:D014375', 'Disease') :: ['tuberculomas', 'Tuberculomas', 'tuberculoma']

entities_list: @entity1906 :: ('MESH:D014390', 'Disease') :: ['tuberculous meningitis', 'TBM']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['neuroimaging abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity6550 :: ('MESH:D016862', 'Disease') :: ['Intracranial tuberculomas']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral tuberculomas']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Muscle relaxants are widely used to treat @entity1643 ( @entity1643 ), one of the most frequent health problems in industrialized countries. For this indication, the European Medicines Agency (EMA) recently had imposed restrictions for some muscle relaxants, anti-inflammatories and analgesics; @entity19950 even had to be withdrawn from the market. Therefore @entity19951 remains the only approved muscle relaxant. @entity19951 is well-established for the treatment of @entity1643 associated with myofascial components, although more recent clinical studies have not been published. Therefore this publication summarizes and revaluates post-hoc data of an efficiency study of @entity19951 , that was performed in 2002, but had not been published yet. METHOD: This was a randomized, placebo controlled multi-centre study. Inclusion criteria were @entity1643 for at least 24 h associated with @entity2473 in the pelvic/lumbar region and restriction of mobility. @entity1 were randomly assigned to a group treated with orally administered Ortoton   (n = 98) or placebo (n = 104). Drugs were administered for up to 8 days, but treatment of individual @entity1 was discontinued as soon as a @entity158 -free state was achieved. Individual @entity158 perception was quantified by means of a visual analog scale (VAS). The fingertip-to-floor distance was measured as an indicator of lumbar flexion. Mobility restrictions were also assessed by a modified Schober's test. In addition, a questionnaire was used by @entity1 and physicians to rate the efficacy of treatment. RESULTS: In the @entity19951 group 44% of the @entity1 pre-terminated due to complete @entity158 relief (placebo: 18%) and 19% discontinued because the treatment was considered ineffective (placebo 52%, p < 0,0001). Measures of mobility (fingertip-to-floor distance, Schober's test) and improvement of mobility as perceived by physician and @entity1 at the individual end of study all were clearly in favor of the @entity1 treated with @entity19951 . At the final visit, 67% of the @entity1 who had received Ortoton   (35% of placebo @entity1 ) and 70% of their physicians (control group: 36%) considered the treatment to be effective. No severe adverse effects were observed during the study (7 symptoms in 5 @entity1 ). CONCLUSION: This study showed that @entity19951 , orally administered, is an efficient and well-tolerated therapeutic option for @entity1 suffering from acute @entity1643 and the typically associated restrictions of mobility.

title: [ XXXX in @entity1643 . A randomized double-blind controlled study].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1643 :: ('MESH:D017116', 'Disease') :: ['acute low back pain', 'low back pain', 'LBP']

entities_list: @entity19950 :: ('MESH:C005245', 'Chemical') :: ['Tetrazepam']

entities_list: @entity19951 :: ('MESH:D008721', 'Chemical') :: ['Methocarbamol', 'methocarbamol']

answer: @entity19951 :: (MESH:D008721,Chemical) :: ['Methocarbamol']


abstract: Benign histiocytic proliferations are identified by their component cells and classified as either Langerhans cell histiocytosis or @entity12909 . We report a 58-year-old Caucasian @entity1 who presented with @entity2010 and was found to harbor a large suprasellar mass. Histopathological analysis was consistent with non-LCH. The differential diagnoses included @entity6725 , adult-onset @entity6725 , @entity12909 , @entity9312 , and @entity10630 . Immunohistochemical examination demonstrated a proliferation of large lipid-laden histiocytic cells which were positive for @entity469 , negative for @entity2281 protein, and showed only faint, background staining for @entity4896 . We present a case of an autopsy-confirmed @entity12909 limited to the central nervous system and evaluated with both immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies. Based on the multifocality, anatomic distribution, and immunostaining features, a diagnosis of @entity10630 was made. This is only the second reported case of @entity10630 with @entity932 but absence of extracerebral manifestations. Given the overlapping clinicopathologic, radiographic, and immunohistochemical profiles, differentiating between these rare histiocytic disorders can often present a significant diagnostic challenge. A systematic approach using all available clinical, laboratory, radiographic, histologic, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural data is essential for proper discrimination between the numerous histiocytoses.

title: Non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis with isolated CNS involvement: an unusual variant of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity12909 :: ('MESH:D015616', 'Disease') :: ['non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis', 'xanthoma disseminatum']

entities_list: @entity932 :: ('MESH:D020300', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial involvement']

entities_list: @entity9312 :: ('MESH:D015618', 'Disease') :: ['Rosai-Dorfman disease']

entities_list: @entity6725 :: ('MESH:D014972', 'Disease') :: ['xanthogranuloma', 'juvenile xanthogranuloma']

entities_list: @entity10630 :: ('MESH:D031249', 'Disease') :: ['Erdheim-Chester disease']

entities_list: @entity2010 :: ('MESH:D003919', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes insipidus']

answer: @entity10630 :: (MESH:D031249,Disease) :: ['Erdheim-Chester disease']


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective study, analyzing the risk factors for @entity6081 of the sacral @entity3580 after surgical excision. OBJECTIVE: To determine the preoperative, intraoperative, and @entity1 characteristics that contribute to an increased risk of @entity6081 in @entity1 undergoing sacral @entity3580 resection. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: @entity6081 after spinal operations is a dreaded complication. The risk factors have been investigated earlier, but the @entity1 with sacral @entity3580 may be distinct. METHODS: Between January 1992 and December 2007, 45 @entity1 with sacral @entity3580 were treated with surgical resection. Data regarding preoperative and intraoperative risk factors for @entity6081 were evaluated using univariate analysis and multivariable conditional logistic regression. Odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals and P values were calculated. RESULTS: Of the 45 @entity1 with sacral @entity3580 , 16 (35.6%) acquired @entity6081 . Significant risk factors associated with @entity6081 in the univariate analysis included the following: albumin <3.0, previous surgery, operating time, instrumentation, and surgical team. Albumin<3.0, operating time >6 hours, and previous surgery were statistically significant in the multivariable model. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 undergoing @entity5 surgery may be at greater risk for developing wound complications. In this study, it seems that albumin<3.0, operating time >6 hours, and previous surgery may predict those @entity1 that were more prone to developing @entity6081 . Using a single surgical team and no instrumentation seems to provide protection against @entity6081 in this @entity1 population.

title: Risk factors for @entity6081 of sacral XXXX after surgical excision.

entities_list: @entity6081 :: ('MESH:D013530', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative wound infections', 'Postoperative wound infection', 'postoperative wound infection']

entities_list: @entity3580 :: ('MESH:D002817', 'Disease') :: ['chordomas', 'chordoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['sacral tumor']

answer: @entity3580 :: (MESH:D002817,Disease) :: ['chordoma']


abstract: Autocrine stimulation of growth is a hallmark of many @entity5 cell lines. In this work we investigated the synthesis and secretion of growth factors and the expression of their corresponding receptors in HTC-TSHr @entity259 cells. These cells synthesize epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptors and platelet-derived growth factor beta ( @entity6006 ) receptors and in addition @entity310 ( @entity7790 ), @entity6005 and @entity6006 chains, respectively. Addition of EGF or PDGF-BB to the culture medium resulted in growth inhibition of HTC-TSHr cells. In contrast, treatment of the cells with low concentrations of neutralizing anti- @entity7790 antibodies or @entity669 kinase inhibitors led to stimulation of cell proliferation. Low concentrations of neutralizing anti- @entity6006 antibodies did not affect growth of the cells. As expected, cell proliferation was inhibited when high concentrations of either neutralizing anti- @entity7790 antibodies or anti- @entity6006 antibodies were applied. PDGF-AA did not influence growth of HTC-TSHr cells. We conclude that growth of HTC-TSHr @entity259 cells is influenced by two autocrine loops between @entity7790 and EGF receptors and between @entity6006 and @entity6006 receptors. However, our data suggest that excessive activation of @entity669 kinase receptors in these cells results in a relative inhibition rather than stimulation of growth.

title: Excessive activation of @entity669 kinases leads to inhibition of proliferation in a XXXX cell line.

entities_list: @entity310 :: ('7124', 'Gene') :: ['transforming growth factor alpha']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

entities_list: @entity259 :: ('MESH:D013964', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid carcinoma']

answer: @entity259 :: (MESH:D013964,Disease) :: ['thyroid carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Oxidative damage is important in the pathogenesis of @entity649 ( @entity649 ). However, data on the effect of surfactant therapy on oxidative stress in vivo are limited. We aimed to evaluate the oxidant/antioxidant status in preterm @entity1 with @entity649 via measurement of total antioxidant capacity ( @entity11636 ) and @entity66 ( @entity66 ), to determine the effect of surfactant on oxidant/antioxidant balance and to assess the association between @entity11636 , @entity66 and clinical outcomes of the @entity1 . METHODS: Sixty-nine @entity1 with @entity649 were included. Blood samples for determining @entity11636 and @entity66 were collected before and 48 h after surfactant treatment. @entity11636 and @entity66 levels were analysed in serum. Patients were followed up until discharge or @entity204 . RESULTS: Post-surfactant @entity11636 levels were significantly higher than pre-surfactant @entity11636 levels (P = 0.029). @entity11636 / @entity66 ratio significantly increased after surfactant treatment (P = 0.018). @entity1 <28 weeks of gestational age had lower levels of baseline @entity11636 than those >= 28 weeks of gestational age (P = 0.020), whereas @entity66 levels were similar. Baseline @entity11636 / @entity66 ratio was lower in @entity1 who died in the study period than those who survived (P = 0.023). After controlling gestational age, baseline @entity11636 levels were significantly and inversely correlated with the duration of total respiratory support (r = -0.343; P = 0.009) and hospitalization (r = -0.341; P = 0.009). @entity11636 or @entity66 levels were not associated with the development of @entity2107 or other complications as determined during the investigation period. CONCLUSIONS: Oxidant-antioxidant balance shifts in favour of the antioxidant system after surfactant treatment. Lower @entity11636 / @entity66 ratio in preterm @entity1 may be associated with increased mortality.

title: Total antioxidant capacity and @entity66 after surfactant treatment in preterm @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'infants', 'Infants']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['total oxidant status', 'TOS']

entities_list: @entity649 :: ('MESH:D012128', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory distress syndrome', 'RDS']

entities_list: @entity2107 :: ('MESH:D001997', 'Disease') :: ['bronchopulmonary dysplasia']

answer: @entity649 :: (MESH:D012128,Disease) :: ['respiratory distress syndrome']


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate the relationship between contrast sensitivity (CS) and mortality among @entity1 with @entity791 ( @entity791 ); and to explore the hypothesis that abnormal CS is a marker of systemic, life-threatening @entity66 . DESIGN: Longitudinal, observational cohort study. METHODS: We evaluated 3395 eyes of 1706 individuals enrolled in the Longitudinal Study of the Complications of @entity791 (1998-2008). CS was evaluated as a risk factor for @entity204 , and was compared to the presence of @entity262 characterized by microvasculopathy ( @entity6 , @entity65 , @entity64 , @entity8 ) and to laboratory markers of those diseases. Abnormal CS was defined as logCS <1.5 (lower 2.5th percentile for a normal control population). RESULTS: CS was abnormal in 284 of 1691 (16.8%) study @entity1 at enrollment. There was a positive relationship between the presence of abnormal CS at study entry and mortality (relative risk 2.0, 95% confidence interval 1.7-2.3, P < .0001). Abnormal CS was related to the presence of @entity65 , @entity64 , and @entity8 (all P values <or= .01), but abnormal CS remained associated with @entity204 even after adjustment for these diseases and for other known predictors of @entity204 among @entity1 with @entity791 . Diseases characterized by microvasculopathy were more often identified as causes of @entity204 among individuals with abnormal CS than among those with normal CS, although the strength of the association was moderate (P = .06). CONCLUSIONS: Abnormal CS among @entity1 with @entity791 is associated with increased mortality, and is independent of other risk factors for @entity204 that are monitored routinely. The relationship may indicate life-threatening @entity66 in other organs.

title: Association between abnormal contrast sensitivity and mortality among @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'people']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal disease']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['microvascular disease']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity262 :: ('MESH:D034721', 'Disease') :: ['systemic diseases']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity791 :: ('MESH:D000163', 'Disease') :: ['acquired immunodeficiency syndrome', 'AIDS']

answer: @entity791 :: (MESH:D000163,Disease) :: ['acquired immunodeficiency syndrome']


abstract: PURPOSE: To provide recommendations on prevention, screening, genetics, treatment, and management for @entity1 at risk for @entity14 . The American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) has a policy and set of procedures for endorsing clinical practice guidelines that have been developed by other professional organizations. METHODS: The Familial Risk-Colorectal Cancer: European Society for Medical Oncology Clinical Practice Guideline published in 2013 on behalf of the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Guidelines Working Group in Annals of Oncology was reviewed for developmental rigor by methodologists, with content and recommendations reviewed by an ASCO endorsement panel. RESULTS: The ASCO endorsement panel determined that the recommendations of the ESMO guidelines are clear, thorough, and based on the most relevant scientific evidence. The ASCO panel endorsed the ESMO guidelines and added a few qualifying statements. RECOMMENDATIONS: Approximately 5% to 6% of @entity1 cases of @entity14 are associated with germline mutations that confer an inherited predisposition for @entity5 . The possibility of a @entity4310 should be assessed for every @entity1 at the time of @entity14 diagnosis. A diagnosis of @entity4309 , @entity1412 , or another @entity74 can influence clinical management for @entity1 with @entity14 and their family members. Screening for @entity4310 in @entity1 with @entity14 should include review of personal and family histories and testing of @entity5 for DNA mismatch repair @entity124 instability. Formal genetic evaluation is recommended for individuals who meet defined criteria.

title: Hereditary XXXX : American Society of Clinical Oncology Clinical Practice Guideline Endorsement of the Familial Risk-Colorectal Cancer: European Society for Medical Oncology Clinical Practice Guidelines.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'people']

entities_list: @entity124 :: ('MESH:D053842', 'Disease') :: ['deficiency and/or microsatellite']

entities_list: @entity4309 :: ('MESH:D003123', 'Disease') :: ['Lynch syndrome']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['genetic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['hereditary colorectal cancer (CRC) syndromes', 'CRC']

entities_list: @entity4310 :: ('MESH:D009386', 'Disease') :: ['hereditary cancer syndrome', 'hereditary cancer syndromes']

entities_list: @entity1412 :: ('MESH:D011125', 'Disease') :: ['familial adenomatous polyposis']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['Colorectal Cancer Syndromes']


abstract: Between January 1973 and October 1977, 166 @entity1 who died of @entity0 were autopsied. The examination revealed consistently more @entity5 involvement than had been clinically suspected. Unsuspected areas of @entity5 involvement included the endocrine organs (40%), lungs (28%), cardiovascular system (21%), and the genitourinary system (21%). The error in diagnosis was smaller with @entity3 to the bones (10%) and central nervous system (14%). The major causes of @entity204 included @entity338 (26%), @entity281 (24%), @entity299 (15%), @entity7752 (14%), @entity548 (9%), @entity6220 (9%), and @entity2741 (3%). The most common cause of @entity204 was @entity3 to various organs, accounting for 42% of all @entity204 . Infection was the second most common cause of @entity204 ; however, only 27% of the @entity1 with @entity281 had significant @entity1398 . In @entity1 dying of @entity548 , only 9% were @entity882 . In conclusion, although many clinicians have expressed concern that chemotherapy would add to early mortality in @entity5 , our study shows that this is not the case for @entity1 with @entity0 . Deaths due to chemotherapy were rare and the rise in the @entity281 rate did not correlate with the advent of chemotherapy.

title: Causes of XXXX in @entity0 : a clinicopathologic study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6220 :: ('MESH:D020279', 'Disease') :: ['central nervous system disease']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity2741 :: ('MESH:D006934', 'Disease') :: ['hypercalcemia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenic']

entities_list: @entity7752 :: ('MESH:D048550', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity338 :: ('MESH:D011665', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'metastatic disease']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac disease']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['death', 'deaths']

answer: @entity204 :: (MESH:D003643,Disease) :: ['death']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: A 66-year-old @entity1 was admitted for @entity9811 , @entity4125 , and APTT prolongation. @entity2801 ( @entity2801 ) activity was decreased, due to the presence of @entity2801 inhibitor. He was diagnosed with @entity9812 ( @entity9812 ) and treated with @entity617 . Eight months later, the @entity2801 inhibitor titer again increased. Upon readmission, @entity882 and @entity5506 were found. We suspected @entity5934 accompanied by @entity9812 , and we treated the @entity1 with IVIG. However, his platelet count did not increase. Speech disturbance and @entity933 were observed from the 12th day of hospitalization. He was subsequently diagnosed with @entity2106 ( @entity2106 ) because @entity2105 inhibitor was detected, causing a decrease in @entity2105 activity. We initiated @entity8450 ( @entity8450 ) and @entity479 -pulse therapy. After @entity8450 for 3 days, laboratory test results and @entity146 symptoms showed dramatic improvement. However, after a 2-day period without @entity8450 , the @entity1 's platelet count decreased markedly. Therefore, we administered rituximab to eliminate these inhibitors. His platelet count recovered rapidly, and we were able to gradually wean the @entity1 from @entity8450 . After two additional administrations of rituximab, neither inhibitor was detected. To date, the @entity1 has remained in complete remission for approximately 3 years.

title: Successful treatment with rituximab of a XXXX with coincident @entity9812 and @entity2106 .

entities_list: @entity9812 :: ('MESH:C536392', 'Disease') :: ['AHA', 'acquired hemophilia A']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

entities_list: @entity9811 :: ('MESH:D006472', 'Disease') :: ['oral hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity5506 :: ('MESH:D000744', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune hemolytic anemia']

entities_list: @entity5934 :: ('MESH:C536380', 'Disease') :: ['Evans syndrome']

entities_list: @entity933 :: ('MESH:D003693', 'Disease') :: ['delirium']

entities_list: @entity8450 :: ('MESH:D054219', 'Disease') :: ['plasma exchange', 'PE']

entities_list: @entity2106 :: ('MESH:D011697', 'Disease') :: ['thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura', 'TTP']

entities_list: @entity617 :: ('MESH:D011239', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisolone']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: Bevacizumab is effective for the treatment of @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ). Ongoing trials are exploring the safety of bevacizumab in @entity1 with inactive, previously treated brain @entity3 . However, bevacizumab safety and efficacy in the treatment of active brain @entity3 is unknown. Bevacizumab received accelerated FDA approval for progressive @entity463 , a primary @entity1313 , because of high response rates and low incidence of @entity932 . We retrospectively identified @entity1 treated with bevacizumab for active (treatment na  ve or progressive) central nervous system (CNS) @entity3 from @entity1149 . MRI scans performed at least 6 weeks after initiating bevacizumab were assessed for response. There were six @entity1 , four @entity1 and two @entity1 with a median age of 60 years (range 59-77) at initiation of bevacizumab. Five @entity1 had progressive CNS @entity3 despite prior treatment including surgery, radiotherapy, and/or chemotherapy; one @entity1 had treatment-na  ve brain @entity3 . Two @entity1 had leptomeningeal @entity3 , isolated or coexistent with parenchymal brain @entity3 in one @entity1 each. Bevacizumab was administered alone to one @entity1 and in combination with various cytotoxic chemotherapies in the others. @entity137 included an asymptomatic (Grade 1) intra-tumoral @entity548 which occurred in one of three @entity1 receiving concurrent anticoagulation with bevacizumab. There was no recurrent CNS @entity548 in two @entity1 with a prior history of such @entity548 . Best CNS response (RECIST) was partial in two, stable disease in three, and progression in one. Median progression-free survival (PFS) was 7.8 months and median overall survival (OS) was 14.1 months following initiation of bevacizumab. Clinical benefit was also observed in the form of improved symptoms and reduced corticosteroid requirements. Bevacizumab should be used with caution in @entity1 with active CNS @entity3 pending additional safety data. This series suggests bevacizumab may be safe and effective for progressive brain @entity3 from @entity1149 and deserves further study.

title: Efficacy and safety of bevacizumab in active brain XXXX from @entity1149 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity932 :: ('MESH:D020300', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['Toxicity']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage', 'bleeding']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['brain tumor']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity463 :: ('MESH:D005909', 'Disease') :: ['glioblastoma']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['metastases']


abstract: @entity63 -reperfusion (I/R) causes gut dysfunction characterized by decreased basement membrane integrity and decreased barrier function. Indeed, it has been reported that the absorption of several drugs is altered after intestinal I/R. Intestinal I/R also promotes @entity881 ( @entity881 ). The liver and kidney can be affected by @entity881 after intestinal I/R. However, little is known about the alteration of pharmacokinetics after intravenous administration in intestinal I/R injury. In the present study, we investigated pharmacokinetics of @entity6838 after oral administration and intravenous administration in intestinal I/R injury. Plasma @entity6838 concentration in I/ @entity5698 after oral administration was not significantly altered at any time compared with that in sham-operated @entity35 . Plasma @entity6838 concentration in @entity35 reperfused for 1 h after intravenous administration was significantly higher than that in sham-operated @entity35 . Plasma @entity6838 concentrations in @entity35 reperfused for 6 and 24 h were the same as those in sham-operated @entity35 . The area under the concentration.time curve after intravenous administraion (AUC(i.v.)) and total clearance (CL(tot)) in @entity35 reperfused for 1 h was 1.89- and 0.57-fold higher than that in sham-operated @entity35 . However, elimination rate (k(e)) and half-life (t(1/2)) in @entity35 reperfused for 1 h were not altered. Distribution volume (V(d)) in @entity35 reperfused for 1 h was decreased than that in sham-operated @entity35 , but there was not statistical difference. These results suggest that intestinal I/R affected the V(d) of @entity6838 , and plasma concentration of @entity6838 was increased. The present study suggests that understanding pharmacokinetics of drug after intravenous administration in intestinal I/R injury is important to provide valuable information for safe drug therapy for intestinal I/R @entity1 .

title: Pharmacokinetics of oral and intravenous administration of XXXX after intestinal @entity63 -reperfusion.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['Intestinal ischemia']

entities_list: @entity881 :: ('MESH:D009102', 'Disease') :: ['multi-organ failure', 'MOF']

answer: @entity6838 :: (MESH:D004077,Chemical) :: ['digoxin']


abstract: Clinical and imaging features of @entity5572 are not specific. @entity99 , primary or secondary, can mimic abscesses, and vice versa. Thirty-eight @entity1 who had cytologic confirmed abscesses were analyzed. There was clinical, radiologic and cytologic concurrence in 27 @entity1 . In six cases the clinically suspicious lesion turned out to be inflammatory. The remaining five were malignant. There were four amebic and three @entity378 cases in this series. Cytologically, pyogenic abscesses contained a heavy, neutrophilic, inflammatory exudate with nuclear debris. By comparison, amebic cases contained more @entity39 , with degenerating hepatocytes and fewer inflammatory cells. Acid-fast bacilli were identified in two @entity378 abscesses; however, only one contained caseous @entity39 material and epithelioid cells. A potential pitfall in the cytologic diagnosis of a case of @entity6437 is emphasized. The diagnosis of @entity5572 should be established by clinical and imaging findings in conjunction with needle aspiration.

title: XXXX . With an emphasis on diagnostic pitfalls.

entities_list: @entity5572 :: ('MESH:D008100', 'Disease') :: ['liver abscess', 'liver abscesses']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrotic', 'necrotic debris']

entities_list: @entity6437 :: ('MESH:D006104', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory pseudotumor']

entities_list: @entity378 :: ('MESH:D014376', 'Disease') :: ['tuberculous']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['Necrotic hepatic neoplasms']

answer: @entity5572 :: (MESH:D008100,Disease) :: ['Aspiration cytology of liver abscesses']


abstract: FIP-dsq2, a new immunomodulatory protein, was identified in Basidiomycota @entity16379 by gene mining. FIP-dsq2 contained 111 @entity3534 with a molecular weight of 12.51kDa. FIP-dsq2 had a homology range of 51-65% to the reported FIPs. The predicted 3-dimensional model had more similar identical folding patterns in LZ-8 than for FIP-fve. Evolutionary analysis indicated substantial phylogenetic differences were existed with the other FIPs. Overexpression of a 14.07kDa soluble recombinant FIP-dsq2 (rFIP-dsq2) was achieved in Rosetta (pGEX-6P-1) and the purified recombinant protein was homodimer verified by gel filtration chromatography analysis. Antitumour ability of rFIP-dsq2 to @entity1 @entity2220 A549 cells was between LZ-8 and FIP-fve. The cytotoxic effect of rFIP-dsq2 in A549 @entity5 cells was dose-dependent and the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) was 15.08 g/mL. Furthermore, rFIP-dsq2 at 8 g/mL could significantly induce apoptosis and interrupt migration in A549 cells. In addition, the antitumour-mechanism exploration suggested that rFIP-dsq2 inhibited A549 proliferation uniquely via apoptotic cell death pathway. The results stated that rFIP-dsq2 was a promising candidate for use in future @entity2 therapy.

title: Characterization of a new fungal immunomodulatory protein, FIP-dsq2 from XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3534 :: ('MESH:D000596', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity16379 :: ('114155', 'Species') :: ['Dichomitus squalens']

entities_list: @entity2220 :: ('MESH:C538231', 'Disease') :: ['lung adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity16379 :: (114155,Species) :: ['Dichomitus squalens']


abstract: The pharmacology of the spinal and peripheral adrenergic receptor-subtypes controlling the micturition reflex was studied in a chronic unanesthetized @entity35 model by continuous infusion of saline in the bladder and cystometrography after intrathecal (i.t.) and i.p. injections, respectively. Due to the absence of a catheter in the urethra, the @entity1494 -sphincter relaxation coupling could be assessed very precisely. For each agent tested in this study, dose-response curves were established. @entity1063 (i.p.), @entity7202 (i.p.) and @entity17565 (i.p. and i.t.) produced an increase in frequency of @entity1494 . A decrease in frequency was observed after i.p. injection of @entity3044 (30 micrograms) and @entity4183 (300 micrograms). @entity5521 , @entity3160 , @entity1169 (i.p. and i.t.), @entity3044 (i.t.) and @entity7202 (i.t.) had little or no effects on frequency of contraction at the highest doses examined. In addition, @entity1063 (i.p.), @entity3044 (i.p. and i.t.), @entity17565 (i.p.), @entity4183 (i.p.), @entity5521 (i.p.) and @entity3160 (i.p.) produced some relaxation of the bladder outlet. @entity7202 (i.p.) produced an increase in tone of the outlet. @entity1169 (i.p. and i.t.), @entity7202 (i.t.), @entity17565 (i.t.), @entity5521 (i.t.) and @entity3160 (i.t.) had little or no effects on the tone of the bladder outlet at the highest doses examined. Those observations suggest that peripherally, @entity2661 modulate the frequency of @entity1494 (increase through alpha-1 and alpha-2 receptors; decrease through beta-2 receptors), and the tonic activity of the bladder outlet (increase in tone through alpha-1 receptors; relaxation through alpha-2 and beta-2 receptors). At the spinal level, noradrenergic systems appear to modulate the frequency of contraction and sphincter tone through alpha-2 receptors. @entity3044 effects after i.t. injection are thought to be due to systemic distribution. However, absence of effects after i.t. injection of adrenergic antagonists suggests that spinal adrenergic systems might not be active during a normal volume-evoked micturition reflex, but might be activated in special circumstances, such as the voluntary act of retaining urine.

title: Micturition in the unanesthetized XXXX : spinal vs. peripheral pharmacology of the adrenergic system.

entities_list: @entity7202 :: ('MESH:D008729', 'Chemical') :: ['methoxamine', 'Methoxamine']

entities_list: @entity3160 :: ('MESH:D015016', 'Chemical') :: ['yohimbine']

entities_list: @entity1169 :: ('MESH:D011433', 'Chemical') :: ['propranolol', 'Propranolol']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bladder contraction']

entities_list: @entity5521 :: ('MESH:D010646', 'Chemical') :: ['Phentolamine', 'phentolamine']

entities_list: @entity3044 :: ('MESH:D007545', 'Chemical') :: ['Isoproterenol', 'isoproterenol']

entities_list: @entity2661 :: ('MESH:D002395', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamines']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['Norepinephrine', 'norepinephrine']

entities_list: @entity4183 :: ('MESH:D013726', 'Chemical') :: ['terbutaline']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']