abstract: AIMS: @entity1897 affects 30% of Type 1 @entity6 @entity1 . Unfortunately, 10-20% of affected @entity1 have disabling symptoms. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between blood @entity413 excursions and @entity158 in @entity1 with symptomatic @entity3949 . METHODS: Twenty Type 1 @entity6 @entity1 with @entity1897 (10 @entity158 and 10 painless) wore a continuous @entity413 monitoring system for 3 days. Symptomatic @entity1 kept a daily @entity158 score diary. The mean amplitude of glycaemic excursions (MAGE) and the M-values (measure of @entity413 deviations from an arbitrarily selected point) were calculated. RESULTS: Groups were matched for (mean +/- sd) age: 52.0 +/- 11.1 years; duration of @entity6 : 24.8 +/- 10.7 years; HbA1c: 9.7 +/- 2.3%; duration of @entity16 : 5.6 +/- 2.6 years; and CGMS performance. The @entity158 group had a greater mean @entity413 (12.1 +/- 2.9 mmol/l vs. 9.3 +/- 1.9 mmol/l, P = 0.02), a greater M-value (68.4 vs. 31.1, P = 0.02) and more glycaemic excursions (13 vs. 10, P < 0.01), compared with the painless group. However, there was no difference in the MAGE between both groups, and no correlation between the number of glycaemic excursions and the number of @entity158 episodes in the @entity158 group. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with @entity21115 have greater @entity413 flux and possibly poorer @entity6 control, compared with @entity1 with @entity16 .

title: The relationship between blood @entity413 excursions and XXXX @entity1897 : a pilot study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['painless neuropathy', 'neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity3949 :: ('MESH:D003929', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['Peripheral neuropathy', 'peripheral neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'painful']

entities_list: @entity21115 :: ('MESH:C564945', 'Disease') :: ['painful neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['painful']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The goal was to report the treatment results after a second operation on @entity1 with recurrent @entity463 multiforme (GBM) and to investigate if @entity1 's quality of life is improved and survival is lengthened. - METHODS: Thirty-eight @entity1 (17%) out of 224 @entity1 with @entity463 multiforme, treated at our department from 1/93 to 12/98, underwent re-operation due to clinical and neuroradiological significant recurrence of GBM. Not included were @entity1 who had a lower @entity5 at first operation and GBM on second operation. All 38 @entity1 had completed radiation therapy. - RESULTS: Overall median survival of re-operated @entity1 was 57 weeks. Interval between 1(st) and 2(nd) operation was 42 weeks and median survival after 2(nd) operation was 23 weeks. Total survival was significantly longer in @entity1 under 50 years at time of re-operation, a time interval longer than 26 weeks between 1(st) and 2(nd) operation, complete resection and a Karnofsky Performance Scale (KPS) >/= 90 at the time of re-operation. Only in the subgroup Karnofsky Performance Scale more or equal 90 had a significant longer survival time after reoperation (29 weeks versus 18 weeks). Based on a KPS change of at least 10 points clinical status was improved in 22 @entity1 , unchanged in 16 @entity1 and no @entity1 deteriorated. No perioperative mortality has occurred. - CONCLUSIONS: Prolongation of survival time after reoperation was statistically significant only in the Karnofsky Performance subgroup. In all other groups prolongation of survival was a relative constant measure of 23%%weeks. The well known favorable prognostic indicators, such as younger age, longer event-free period, had also in our investigation the longest survival times.

title: Experiences with reoperation on recurrent XXXX multiforme.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity463 :: ('MESH:D005909', 'Disease') :: ['glioblastoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant tumor']

answer: @entity463 :: (MESH:D005909,Disease) :: ['glioblastoma']


abstract: The prognosis of @entity259 has always been difficult to appreciate because this rather rare @entity189 is polymorph and subject to some very late recurrencies. For these reasons an acceptable prognostic evaluation is only possible with an important material and very long follow-up. From 800 @entity1 operated by the author, 102 (13%) had an extra-capsular @entity5 , which means for all authors a very poor prognosis. Still two groups must be separated: the anaplastic extracapsular @entity5 (33/102) gave a very low life expectancy with 17% survival at 5 years and no @entity1 surviving at 8 years. In contrast the differentiated extracapsular @entity5 , mainly papillary, gave an unexpected survival rate of 35% at 15 years. The more frequent nodular form of differentiated @entity189 (698/800 = 87%) has a much better prognosis, but his slow evolution needs a long follow-up observation. From 160 @entity1 operated on before 1971, 143 (90%) could be all followed during 20 years or more. The over-all survival rate at the 20th year is 83% with 76% of @entity1 free of any recurrence. The analysis of several factors showed that the extension of the primitive operation (lobectomy or total thyroidectomy) does not influence the long term results. More reliable prognostic factors are the degree of histologic differentiation of the @entity5 , and the age of the @entity1 . Finally, in spite of an excellent overall long-term prognosis, three very late recurrencies were observed in the group of 143 @entity1 followed more than 20 years, respectively 21, 22 and 31 years after the first operation. This makes impossible the certitude of definitive cure of any @entity259 .

title: [Is @entity259 a severe @entity5 ? (Prognostic study of 800 surgically-treated cases of which 143 nodular differentiated XXXX were followed-up for more than 20 years)].

entities_list: @entity259 :: ('MESH:D013964', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid cancer', 'thyroid carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancers']


abstract: Two hundred seventy-one of 1509 @entity1 who underwent thoracoabdominal aortic repairs had either celiac or superior mesenteric or renal @entity432 . These latter @entity1 were treated by endarterectomy or bypass between June 20, 1960 and Jan. 10, 1991. After 1987, the 30-day survival rate was 93% (79 of 85) compared with 90% (245 of 271) before 1988. Multivariate predictors of @entity204 were age, postoperative reoperation for @entity548 , and @entity299 (p less than 0.05). @entity8 (13% dialysis, 35 of 271) were associated with preoperative @entity8 , elevated preoperative serum @entity1011 level, urine clearance time of dye, extent of the aorta replaced, @entity1003 , and @entity451 or @entity1746 (p less than 0.05). The incidence of @entity8 was reduced by renal artery endarterectomy (p less than 0.05). On univariate analysis the risk of @entity177 was reduced by renal artery perfusion with cold Ringer's @entity880 solution (p less than 0.05). @entity344 (9%, 25 of 271) were associated with a history of peptic @entity1066 on multivariate analysis (p less than 0.05). The Kaplan-Meier 5-year survival rates for @entity1 with and without occlusive disease were 53% and 60%, respectively, and at 10 years 37% and 30%, respectively (p = 0.08). We conclude that endarterectomy or bypass of occlusive @entity66 reduces the risk of @entity177 after @entity2334 repairs, does not decrease early or late survival, and does not increase the risk of @entity344 .

title: @entity2334 associated with celiac, superior mesenteric, and renal @entity432 : methods and analysis of results in 271 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['Renal complications', 'postoperative renal dysfunction', 'renal dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity451 :: ('MESH:C536857', 'Disease') :: ['paraplegia']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['visceral disease']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulcer disease']

entities_list: @entity1003 :: ('MESH:D001778', 'Disease') :: ['coagulopathy']

entities_list: @entity1746 :: ('MESH:D020335', 'Disease') :: ['paraparesis']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal complications', 'Gastrointestinal complications']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity2334 :: ('MESH:D017545', 'Disease') :: ['thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac complications']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['artery occlusive disease']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) are known as a serologic marker of immune disturbances in @entity29 . The most specific are perinuclear ANCA (pANCA). The aim of this study was to investigate their significance for the diagnosis of @entity29 ( @entity29 ) in Romania. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prospective longitudinal study, comprising all @entity1 admitted to our Center in 2000 with @entity31 --UC group (33 @entity1 ) and with @entity30 -- @entity1050 group (40 @entity1 ). The control group (C) included 22 healthy individuals, with similar age and sex distribution. ANCA was tested in serum by indirect immunofluorescence at Leuven University, Belgium. RESULTS: ANCA prevalence in UC group was 12/33 (36.4%), in @entity1050 group was 6/40 (15%), while in the C group all sera tested negative (p=0.004). All ANCA antibodies in @entity1 with @entity29 were perinuclear type. In the UC group, the prevalence of pANCA was higher in females compared to males (52.9% versus 16.7%, p=0.04). The phenotype pANCA+ did not correlate with disease extension, severity, the evolutive form or complications. In the @entity1050 group, the phenotype pANCA+, although more frequently found in colonic involvement and in non-obstructive non-fistulizing forms to associate with pANCA+, did not reach statistical significance (p=0.59). A higher severity of @entity1050 was associated with higher pANCA titers (p=0.05). CONCLUSION: pANCA prevalence in UC in Romania was lower in comparison with other studies (36.4% versus 50-80%). The highest prevalence was found in females with UC. In @entity1050 , pANCA+ was associated with a higher severity. pANCA assessment remains at a research level, further in-vestigations being necessary in order to demonstrate its clinical importance.

title: Prevalence and significance of perinuclear anti-neutrophil antibodies (pANCA) in Romanian @entity1 with @entity30 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative colitis']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel disease', 'IBD']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ["Crohn's disease"]

answer: @entity31 :: (MESH:D003093,Disease) :: ['ulcerative colitis']


abstract: Long-term central venous catheters (CVCs) have considerably improved the management of @entity5 @entity1 because they facilitate chemotherapy, transfusions, parenteral nutrition, and blood sampling. However, the use of long-term CVCs, especially for chemotherapy, has been associated with the occurrence of @entity1150 ( @entity1150 ). The incidence of clinically overt @entity1150 related to CVCs has been reported to vary between 0.3% and 28.3%. The incidence of CVC-related @entity1150 screened by venography reportedly varies between 27% and 66%. The incidence of clinically overt @entity1151 ( @entity1151 ) in @entity1 with CVC-related @entity1150 ranges from 15% to 25%, but an autopsy-proven @entity1151 rate of up to 50% has been reported. @entity130 caused by the procedure of CVC insertion, @entity2979 caused by the indwelling CVC, and @entity5 -related @entity49 are the main pathogenetic factors for CVC-related @entity1211 ( @entity1211 ). Several studies have assessed the benefit of the prophylaxis of @entity1150 after CVC insertion in @entity5 @entity1 . According to the results of these studies, prophylaxis with low molecular weight heparin or a low fixed dose of @entity1229 has been recently proposed. However, the limitations of the experimental design of the prophylactic studies do not allow definitive recommendations. The recommended therapy for @entity1150 associated with CVC is based on anticoagulant therapy with or without catheter removal. This review focuses on the epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of @entity1211 in @entity5 @entity1 with long-term CVC.

title: @entity1211 associated with long-term use of central venous catheters in @entity5 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity1229 :: ('MESH:D014859', 'Chemical') :: ['warfarin']

entities_list: @entity49 :: ('MESH:D019851', 'Disease') :: ['hypercoagulability']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['PE', 'pulmonary embolism']

entities_list: @entity1150 :: ('MESH:D020246', 'Disease') :: ['upper-limb deep venous thrombosis', 'UL-DVT']

entities_list: @entity2979 :: ('MESH:D054070', 'Disease') :: ['venous stasis']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['VTE', 'venous thromboembolism']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['Vessel injury']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: The aim of this study was to examine the association of exercise frequency and @entity460 intake (CI) with change in regional and total @entity79 ( @entity79 ) in a group of postmenopausal @entity1 completing 4 years of progressive strength training. One hundred sixty-seven @entity460 -supplemented (800 mg/day) sedentary @entity1 (56.1+/-4.5 years) randomized to a progressive strength training exercise program or to control were followed for 4 years. Fifty-four percent of the @entity1 were using @entity34 ( @entity34 ) at baseline. At 1 year, controls were permitted to begin the exercise program (crossovers). The final sample included 23 controls, 55 crossovers, and 89 randomized exercisers. Exercisers were instructed to complete two sets of six to eight repetitions of exercises at 70-80% of one repetition maximum, three times weekly. @entity79 was measured at baseline and thereafter annually using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Four-year percentage exercise frequency (ExFreq) averaged 26.8%+/-20.1% for crossovers (including the first year at 0%), and 50.4%+/-26.7% for exercisers. Four-year total CI averaged 1,635+/-367 mg/day and supplemental @entity460 intake, 711+/-174 mg/day. In adjusted multiple linear regression models, ExFreq was positively and significantly related to changes in femur trochanter (FT) and neck (FN), lumbar spine (LS), and @entity348 ( @entity348 ) @entity79 . Among @entity34 users, FT @entity79 increased 1.5%, and FN and LS @entity79 , 1.2% (p<0.01) for each standard deviation (SD) of percentage ExFreq (29.5% or 0.9 days/week). @entity34 non-users gained 1.9% and 2.3% @entity79 at FT and FN, respectively, (p<0.05) for every SD of CI. The significant, positive, association between @entity79 change and ExFreq supports the long-term usefulness of strength training exercise for the prevention of @entity170 in postmenopausal @entity1 , especially @entity34 users. The positive relationship of CI to change in @entity79 among postmenopausal @entity1 not using @entity34 has clinical implications in light of recent evidence of an increased health risk associated with @entity34 .

title: Exercise frequency and @entity460 intake predict 4-year bone changes in postmenopausal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone mineral density', 'BMD']

entities_list: @entity348 :: ('MESH:C535338', 'Disease') :: ['total body', 'TB']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity34 :: ('MESH:D016609', 'Disease') :: ['hormone therapy', 'HT']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: Dermatomal somatosensory-evoked potentials (D-SSEPs) in @entity35 were recorded at the spinal level after L2-, L4-, and L5-dermatome stimulation. Pre- and post-transection patterns and rates of change of corresponding nerve roots were compared to determine accuracy. OBJECTIVE: To investigate characteristics and normal values of D-SSEP elicited from lower limb dermatomes; to determine specificity, sensitivity, and utility of D-SSEP in detecting single- @entity128 ; and to determine optimal stimulation intensity. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: D-SSEP allows assessment of single nerve root-specific pathways, electrodiagnosis of @entity614 , and intraoperative neuromonitoring. Unacceptably low sensitivity and specificity make its value suspect. D-SSEP is insufficiently documented. METHODS: Eight @entity35 were used to specify a standard D-SSEP waveform and its characteristics, evaluate stimulation sites and strengths, and determine appropriate stimulation and recording techniques. The L4 nerve root was transected in one group of 8 @entity35 and the L5 in another. D-SSEPs were recorded at the thoracolumbar junction following submaximal and supramaximal stimulation at the L2, L4, and L5 dermatomal fields. Potentials recorded before transection, and immediately, 1 hour, and 1 week post-transection were compared. RESULTS: Reproducible spinal responses were obtained in all @entity35 on all tests. Stimulation intensity, but not rates, affected amplitude. Relative amplitude reductions in transected-root D-SSEP were larger using submaximal than supramaximal intensity. D-SSEP elicited by submaximal than supramaximal intensity produced fewer false negatives and false positives. CONCLUSIONS: D-SSEP is valuable for detecting acute single @entity128 . In clinical settings, submaximal dermatomal stimulation identifies conduction abnormalities more consistently and with fewer false negatives and false positives than does supramaximal stimulation. We recommend submaximal stimulation.

title: Value of dermatomal somatosensory evoked potentials in detecting acute XXXX : an experimental study with special emphasis on stimulus intensity.

entities_list: @entity614 :: ('MESH:D011843', 'Disease') :: ['lumbosacral radiculopathy']

entities_list: @entity128 :: ('MESH:D020209', 'Disease') :: ['nerve root injury']

answer: @entity128 :: (MESH:D020209,Disease) :: ['nerve root injury']


abstract: @entity4346 ( @entity4346 ) was produced in @entity840 after @entity472 ( @entity472 ). The percentage of @entity4346 in @entity472 was determined by normalizing left ventricular (LV) weight by the mean LV weight of sham-operated controls (n = 12). After 3 weeks of @entity299 , a mild @entity4346 (30 +/- 3%) was induced in 17 animals and a relatively severe @entity4346 (56 +/- 3%) was induced in 7 animals. LV papillary muscles were rapidly excised for mechanical studies. No significant differences were observed between control and mild @entity1184 groups. In contrast, a marked decrease in myocardial performance was seen in the more severe @entity1283 group and was expressed as a percentage of sham-operated levels (Vmax, 22%; active isometric force/mm2, 23%; +dF/dt max/mm2, 26%). Relaxation in this group was still more @entity73 (peak lengthening velocity, 14%; -dF/dt max/mm2, 19%). Moreover, the load sensitivity of relaxation was present in both sham-operated controls and mild @entity1184 but almost disappeared in more severe @entity1184 . Isometric relaxation was delayed in the latter group, as shown by the 15% increase of the half-time of the decline of isometric relaxation (t 1/2). On the other hand, acute @entity519 (95% N2-5% @entity515 for 20 minutes) also induced a fall in contractility and the disappearance of the load sensitivity of relaxation but with a 67% decrease of t 1/2. Thus, the mechanical analysis of relaxation allows the effects of chronic overload in relatively severe @entity1283 to be separated from those of acute @entity519 . Moreover, in severe @entity1283 , the impairment of the load sensitivity of relaxation with increased t 1/2 strongly suggests alterations of the sarcoplasmic reticulum, especially since the moderate decrease in the myofibrillar ATPase activity, which has been observed previously in @entity840 pressure overload, cannot account completely for the marked fall in myocardial performance.

title: Major alterations in relaxation during XXXX induced by @entity472 in @entity840 .

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity1283 :: ('MESH:D006332', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity840 :: ('10141', 'Species') :: ['guinea pigs', 'guinea pig']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['impaired than contraction']

entities_list: @entity4346 :: ('MESH:D017379', 'Disease') :: ['Left ventricular hypertrophy', 'LVH']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac overload']

entities_list: @entity472 :: ('MESH:D001024', 'Disease') :: ['AS', 'aortic stenosis']

answer: @entity1283 :: (MESH:D006332,Disease) :: ['cardiac hypertrophy']


abstract: Transforming growth factor-beta ( @entity1810 ) is a secreted protein that regulates proliferation, differentiation, and @entity204 in various cell types, including thyroid cells, although few details are known about its mechanisms of action in this cell type. Here, we studied the role of @entity1810 on the regulation of @entity1372 / @entity6893 symporter (NIS) gene expression in PC Cl3 thyroid cells. @entity1810 inhibits thyroid-stimulated hormone (TSH)-induced NIS mRNA and protein levels in a dose-dependent manner. This effect takes place at the transcriptional level, as @entity1810 inhibits TSH-induced transcription of a luciferase reporter construct containing a 2.8-kb DNA fragment of the @entity35 NIS promoter. The inhibitory effect of @entity1810 was partially overcome by inhibitory @entity39685 and mimicked by overexpression of either @entity15927 or a constitutively activated mutant of @entity1810 receptor I (acALK-5). Using internal deletions of the promoter, we defined a region between -2,841 to -1,941, which includes the NIS upstream enhancer (NUE), as responsible for the @entity1810 /Smad inhibitory effect. NUE contains two binding sites for the paired domain transcription factor @entity57152 , the main factor controlling NIS transcription. The physical interaction observed between @entity57152 and @entity15927 appears to be responsible for the decrease in @entity57152 binding to DNA. Expression of @entity57152 mRNA and protein was also decreased by @entity1810 treatment. The results suggest that, through activation of @entity15927 , @entity1810 decreases @entity57152 DNA binding activity as well as @entity57152 mRNA and protein levels, which are at least partially involved in @entity1810 -induced down-regulation of NIS gene expression in thyroid follicular cells. Our results thus demonstrate a novel mechanism of @entity15927 function in regulating thyroid cell differentiation by functionally antagonizing the action of the paired domain transcription factor @entity57152 .

title: The functional interaction between the paired domain transcription factor @entity57152 and XXXX is involved in transforming growth factor-beta repression of the @entity1372 / @entity6893 symporter gene.

answer: @entity15927 :: (25631(Tax:10116),Gene) :: ['Smad3']


abstract: We treated 48 @entity1 with intravenous enalaprilat within 24 hours from the onset of @entity583 . Concomitant therapy included thrombolytic treatment (29), intravenous @entity1406 (34), intravenous @entity1242 (16) and intravenous @entity1483 (15). The first 40 @entity1 included had systolic blood pressure at baseline greater than or equal to 110 mmHg. Intravenous bolus injections of 0.2-1.2 mg (mean 1.0 mg) enalaprilat in one hour were given to 20 @entity1 and an intravenous infusion of 1 mg over two hours was administered to another 20 @entity1 , as well as to a separate group of 8 @entity1 with systolic blood pressure between 100-109 mmHg at baseline. The infusion was stopped in five cases when the systolic blood pressure fell below 100 and 90 mmHg, respectively, in the two infusion groups. No @entity551 reactions were symptomatic. Blood pressure decreased from a mean of 134/82, 131/79 and 106/72 mmHg to a minimum of 117/71, 118/73 and 97/63 mmHg, respectively, in the three groups. Almost complete suppression of plasma angiotensin converting enzyme activity was achieved within 30 minutes. No significant changes were found in plasma levels of @entity2178 , @entity916 activity or atrial natriuretic peptide between baseline and 24 hours. Treatment was continued with oral @entity4688 2.5-10 mg/day, which was generally well tolerated. We conclude that intravenous and oral enalapril added to conventional therapy in the early phase of @entity583 is well tolerated in selected @entity1 , but should be carefully titrated.

title: Enalaprilat in @entity583 : tolerability and effects on the XXXX -angiotensin system.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4688 :: ('MESH:D004656', 'Chemical') :: ['enalapril']

entities_list: @entity1242 :: ('MESH:D005996', 'Chemical') :: ['nitroglycerin']

entities_list: @entity2178 :: ('183', 'Gene') :: ['angiotensin II']

entities_list: @entity1483 :: ('MESH:D005665', 'Chemical') :: ['furosemide']

entities_list: @entity1406 :: ('MESH:D008790', 'Chemical') :: ['metoprolol']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['acute myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotensive']

answer: @entity916 :: (5972,Gene) :: ['renin']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Recurrent @entity6312 may result from poor initial surgical technique or progression of varicosities in collateral veins. In some cases new veins may develop at the saphenofemoral junction (neovascularisation) and cause recurrent @entity337 . This was a histological study of recurrent @entity6312 . DESIGN: This clinicopathological study included 20 @entity1 (median age 55 years) who had surgery for recurrent @entity337 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 28 legs had groin re-exploration with repeat flush saphenofemoral ligation. The venous tissue block from the saphenofemoral region (including the proximal thigh varicosity) was excised and orientated for histological analysis. Evidence of neovascularisation was sought using routine histological sections and S100 immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: At operation, thin-walled, serpentine neovascular veins were detected clinically as the principal cause of recurrence in 19 groins. In five groins recurrence was due to a residual missed vein at the saphenofemoral junction, and in four recurrence was caused by cross groin collaterals. On histological sections, evidence of neovascularisation was present in 27 of 28 groins. In eight it co-existed with the veins missed at the original operation but it was the sole identified cause of recurrent @entity337 in 19 (68%) groins. CONCLUSIONS: Neovascularisation was the principal cause of recurrent @entity337 in this series.

title: Clinicopathological evidence that neovascularisation is a cause of recurrent XXXX .

entities_list: @entity6312 :: ('MESH:D014648', 'Disease') :: ['varicose veins']

entities_list: @entity337 :: ('MESH:D001022', 'Disease') :: ['saphenofemoral incompetence']

answer: @entity6312 :: (MESH:D014648,Disease) :: ['varicose veins']


abstract: Long-term follow-up evaluations of cervical screening approaches are limited in low-resource areas. This prospective study assessed the risk of future @entity3146 or worse (CIN2+) associated with baseline @entity1082 ) and cytologic status. In rural China, 1,997 @entity1 were screened with 6 screening tests, including colposcopic evaluations, and underwent biopsies in 1999. In December 2005, 1,612 @entity1 with @entity3146 grade 1 or less at baseline were rescreened by visual inspection, liquid-based cytology, and HPV-DNA testing. All @entity1 underwent colposcopy at follow-up, with biopsies taken from @entity1 with @entity227 or cytologic abnormalities. Twenty @entity1 developed incident CIN2+. The crude relative risk of CIN2+ for baseline HPV-positive @entity1 was 52 (95% confidence interval: 12.1, 222.5). The crude relative risk of CIN2+ was 167 (95% confidence interval: 21.9, 1,265) for baseline and follow-up repeatedly HPV-positive @entity1 compared with repeatedly HPV-negative @entity1 . Among 1,374 baseline HPV-negative @entity1 , 2 and no incident CIN2+ cases were detected in baseline cytologically normal and abnormal subgroups, respectively. Among 238 baseline HPV-positive @entity1 , 6 of 18 incident cases of CIN2+ developed in the cytologically normal group. This study demonstrates that a single oncogenic HPV-DNA test is more effective than cytology in predicting future CIN2+ status.

title: XXXX testing for cervical cancer screening: results from a 6-year prospective study in rural China.

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visually apparent lesions']

entities_list: @entity3146 :: ('MESH:D018290', 'Disease') :: ['cervical intraepithelial neoplasia', 'cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2']

entities_list: @entity1082 :: ('10566', 'Species') :: ['human papillomavirus (HPV']

answer: @entity1082 :: (10566,Species) :: ['Human papillomavirus']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: e15527 Background: Identification of @entity902 resistance is key to improving @entity43 treatment and @entity1 outcomes. Although DNA excision repair proteins function to remove @entity902 -induced crosslinks, conflicting data raises doubt as to the utility of these proteins as biomarkers for @entity902 sensitivity and survival. The present differential proteomics investigation of @entity902 -sensitive and resistant @entity43 cells was undertaken to identify novel biochemical mechanisms of @entity902 resistance lines. METHODS: @entity1 @entity43 cell lines A2780 ( @entity900 -sensitive), A2780cis ( @entity900 -resistant), and SKOV3 ( @entity900 -resistant) were cultured. Cell lysates were trypsin-digested and analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC- @entity15 / @entity15 ). Differential protein abundances were quantified and protein associations were analyzed by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis. Western blot and real-time (rt) PCR were used for validation. The roles of select candidates in conferring @entity900 resistance were determined through silencing with small interfering (si) RNA. RESULTS: @entity15124 , a protein that recognizes DNA damage and recruits @entity5345 and other proteins for homologous recombination repair, was significantly increased in @entity902 -resistant cells. This increased expression level of @entity15124 in resistant cells was verified by rtPCR and western blot. Suppression of @entity15124 protein expression in A2780cis and SKOV3 cells utilizing RNA interference resulted in sensitization of these cell lines to @entity900 . Since the promotor for @entity15124 contains a consensus sequence for the @entity5 suppressors @entity4206 / @entity9486 , we hypothesized that @entity4206 / @entity9486 may act to induce @entity15124 expression in a @entity900 -dependent manner. Suppression of @entity4206 or @entity9486 with siRNA resulted in decreased @entity15124 expression and sensitization of A2780cis cells to @entity900 . CONCLUSIONS: Homologous recombination repair as mediated by the @entity15124 pathway represents a previously unrecognized mechanism in conferring @entity902 resistance in @entity43 cells in a @entity4206 / @entity9486 -dependent manner.

title: @entity15124 as a biomarker of @entity902 resistance in XXXX cell lines.

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cancer', 'epithelial ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'Human']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['platinum']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['epithelial ovarian cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 3087 Background: Inhibition of PDGF receptors by a selective PDGF receptor kinase inhibitor (such as Gleevec) decreases the interstitial pressure of @entity5 and increases capillary-to-interstitial transport of low molecular mass compounds such as @entity1098 . Combination of Gleevec(G) and @entity1311 (P) has resulted in enhancement of P activity against s.c. @entity60075 @entity5 in @entity915 @entity19 . Myelosupression of G has prevented successful combination therapy with cytotoxic agents such as @entity136 and @entity23974 . METHODS: This phase I clinical trial studies the pharmacokinetics (PK) and @entity137 of the combination of G and P in @entity1 (pts) with advanced solid @entity5 . At @entity15974 , pts received G daily in combination with P on days 1, 8, and 15, given every 28 days. RESULTS: 6 pts were enrolled at @entity15974 (G 400mg, P 60 mg/m2). 5 pts developed @entity1398 . The @entity1398 caused significant delay in treatment and dose escalation was not possible. 5 pts were enrolled to @entity15974 mg/m2), one pt developed @entity1398 . No DLT's have been observed. Other @entity137 observed include: gr1 fatigue (all pts), gr1 @entity390 (9 pts), gr 2 alopecia (2 pts), gr 2 rash ( 1 pt), gr 2 @entity294 ( 2 pts), gr 1 @entity16 (2 pts).Two @entity1 had a PR (both on cycle 6, one has @entity9147 @entity5 and the other @entity418 ) and one has had stable disease (on cycle 4, @entity694 ).Preliminary PK analysis has not shown any clear effect of G on P. In order to dose escalate but maintain PDGF inhibition, we amended the protocol to G 400 mg on D1-4 and P on D 3,10 and 17. Three pts have been evaluated on this DL (DL 1A, G 400 mg D1-4 and P 60 mg/m2 D3, D10, D17). None has developed grade II or higher @entity1398 and accrual to the next dose level is now ongoing. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1398 appears to be the main obstacle in combining daily G with chemotherapy agents such as P, even at low doses. Administration of G on intermittent schedule with chemotherapy may avoid significant @entity1398 , allowing combination of G with desired doses of cytotoxic agents. [Table: see text].

title: Phase I trial of daily imatinib mesylate and weekly @entity1311 in XXXX with advanced refractory solid @entity5 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity23974 :: ('CHEBI:28748', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicine']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['Neutropenia', 'neutropenia', 'G III neutropenia', 'grade III neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity418 :: ('MESH:D004938', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal cancer']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['gemcitabine']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: It is hypothesized that prenatal and early postnatal exposure to n-3 long-chain @entity1474 (LCPUFAs) is negatively associated with @entity1386 later in life. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate whether maternal n-3 LCPUFA supplementation in pregnancy and/or lactation exerts a beneficial effect on @entity1386 status in childhood. We searched six electronic databases till 20 May 2014 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of n-3 LCPUFA supplementation to pregnant and/or lactating @entity1 that reported data on body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, sum of skinfold thicknesses or body fat mass in @entity1 . Adiposity measures were grouped into three age categories: preschool @entity1 (<5 years), school-aged @entity1 (6-12 years), and adolescents (>13 years). Trial quality was assessed. We conducted fixed-effect and random-effects meta-analyses to combine study-specific estimates of differences between the supplemented and control groups. A total of 6 RCTs (9 publications) involving 2847 @entity1 were included. Summary estimates showed no effect of maternal supplementation on BMI in preschool (standardized mean difference (SMD)=0.07, 95% confidence interval (CI)=-0.22, 0.36, P=0.65) and school-aged @entity1 (SMD=0.12, 95% CI=-0.06, 0.30, P=0.20). Because of sparse data, it was not possible to pool study results relating to other @entity1386 measures. There is currently no evidence to support that n-3 LCPUFA supplementation during pregnancy and/or lactation favourably affects @entity1 @entity1386 . Further high-quality trials are needed.

title: Effect of maternal n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation during pregnancy and/or lactation on XXXX in childhood: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'children', 'child']

entities_list: @entity1386 :: ('MESH:D018205', 'Disease') :: ['adiposity']

entities_list: @entity1474 :: ('MESH:D005231', 'Chemical') :: ['polyunsaturated fatty acids']

answer: @entity1386 :: (MESH:D018205,Disease) :: ['adiposity']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Survival in @entity1 with metastatic esophageal and gastric cancer is dismal. No standard treatment has been established. @entity3003 / @entity1311 is active in both advanced gastric and esophageal cancer. Here we retrospectively present our single center experience. Between 1998 and 2013, a total of 134 @entity1 with metastatic esophageal and gastric adenocarcinoma treated with @entity3003 / @entity1311 ( @entity3003 predominantly area under the curve 5 and @entity1311 predominantly 175   mg/m(2) ) every 3 weeks as first-line therapy were identified. Baseline characteristics, response to therapy, toxicities, and survival in this @entity1 population were evaluated. Overall survival was defined as date from diagnosis to death or last follow up, and progression-free survival was defined at time from cycle 1 to, progression or last follow up. Kaplan-Meier curves were fit to estimate overall and progression-free survival. Of the 134 @entity1 evaluated, the median age at diagnosis was 65 years. Disease control rate was 62.6% (complete response: 11%, partial response: 28%, stable disease: 33%). Median overall survival from date of initial diagnosis was 15.5 months (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.06-1.5). Median progression-free survival from date of initiation of @entity3003 and @entity1311 was 5.3 months (95% CI 0.34-0.5). Grade III or greater toxicity occurred in 26.1% of @entity1 . The most common grade III toxicities were neutropenia and neuropathy, present in 14.2% and 3.7% of the total study population, respectively. In @entity1 with metastatic or unresectable esophageal or gastric cancer, the combination of @entity3003 and @entity1311 is well tolerated with comparable overall survival and progression-free survival to existing regimens in this population.

title: @entity3003 and XXXX as first-line treatment of unresectable or metastatic esophageal or gastric cancer.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['Carboplatin', 'carboplatin']

answer: @entity1311 :: (MESH:D017239,Chemical) :: ['paclitaxel']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aims of this study were to evaluate the in vitro tooth whitening effects of a novel 6% @entity273 containing tooth whitener Xtra White (XW) on extrinsic stain and intrinsic tooth colour and the effects on enamel and dentine microhardness. In addition, to determine the levels of @entity2625 found in tooth pulp chambers after treatment with XW in vitro. METHODS: Extrinsic stain changes were determined by measuring colour changes of tea stained hydroxyapatite discs after treatment with water, placebo gel, XW or Colgate Simply White (CSW). Intrinsic tooth colour changes were determined by treating extracted @entity1 teeth in vitro with a placebo gel, XW or CSW for a simulated two weeks use and measuring colour differences with a chroma meter. Teeth treated with placebo gel and XW were cross-sectioned and the subsurface enamel and dentine was polished and the microhardness determined. The @entity2625 concentration found in extracted tooth pulp chambers was determined spectrophotometrically. RESULTS: XW gave significantly more extrinsic stain removal (p<0.0001) and an increase in tooth whiteness (p<0.05) than a placebo gel, but was not significantly different to CSW. There were no significant differences in subsurface enamel and dentine microhardness values for the placebo and XW treated teeth. The mean concentration of @entity2625 found in the tooth pulp chambers was 0.44 mM, which is over 3000 times below the concentration reported to cause @entity16 . CONCLUSIONS: XW has been shown to be an effective tooth whitening product in vitro with support for its safety on subsurface enamel and dentine together with its safety on tooth pulp tissue.

title: In vitro evaluation of a novel 6% XXXX tooth whitening product.

entities_list: @entity273 :: ('MESH:D006861', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrogen peroxide']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['pulpal enzyme damage']

entities_list: @entity2625 :: ('CHEBI:44785', 'Chemical') :: ['peroxide']

answer: @entity273 :: (MESH:D006861,Chemical) :: ['hydrogen peroxide']


abstract: Parasitologic, serologic, and epidemiologic studies were done during 1967 in Calion, Arkansas (population 544). Infection with @entity2330 was found to be endemic but was segregated along racial lines. Twenty-two (9.9%) black compared with only one (0.6%) white had @entity2330 demonstrated in one stool examination; only two blacks had symptoms suggestive of @entity8016 . No positive @entity8016 indirect hemaggulination titers were found in 135 white residents. In contrast, 41 (17.9%) blacks had positive titers. Age, sex, and geographic location were not associated with stool or seropositivity. Within the black population, clustering of stool and seropositivity occurred. Significantly higher rates of stool and seropositivity were seen in households with crowding and poor sanitation as evidenced by lack of indoor toilet facilities. The presence of contaminated water supplies did not correlate with stool or seropositivity. The probable importance of @entity1 -to- @entity1 transmission is suggested by the observed clustering of @entity281 within households with crowding and unsanitary conditions. The absence of evidence for transmission by food or water further supports this hypothesis.

title: Endemic XXXX in an Arkansas community.

entities_list: @entity2330 :: ('5759', 'Species') :: ['E. histolytica', 'Entamoeba histolytica']

entities_list: @entity8016 :: ('MESH:D000562', 'Disease') :: ['amebiasis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

answer: @entity8016 :: (MESH:D000562,Disease) :: ['amebiasis']


abstract: The aim of this study was to validate a novel technique that predicts stopping of disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) and biologic agents (BA) from the Veterans Affairs (VA) database and compare @entity281 risks of @entity309 @entity1 who stopped versus continued DMARDs/BA perioperatively. We identified 6,024 @entity1 on 1 DMARD or BA in the perioperative period between 1999 and 2009. Time gap between medication stop date and the next start date predicted drug stoppage (X). Time gap between surgery date and stop date predicted whether stoppage was before surgery (Y). Chart review from Houston VA was used for validation. ROC analyses were performed on chart review data to obtain X and Y cutoffs. The primary endpoints were wound @entity281 and other @entity281 within 30  days. ROC analyses found X  >=   33 (AUC  =  0.954) and Y  >=   -11 (AUC  =  0.846). Risk of postoperative @entity281 was not different when stopping and continuing DMARDs/BA preoperatively. Stopping BA after surgery was associated with higher odds of postoperative wound (OR 14.15, 95  % CI 1.76-113.76) and @entity281 (OR 9.2, 95  % CI 1.99-42.60) compared to not stopping. Stopping DMARDs after surgery was associated with increased risk of @entity86 (OR 1.84, 95  % CI 1.07-3.16) compared with not stopping. There was positive association between stopping DMARDs after surgery and postoperative wound @entity281 but failed to achieve statistical significance (OR 1.67, 95  % CI 0.96-2.91). There was no significant difference in @entity86 risk when stopping or continuing DMARD/BA. Our new validated method can be utilized in the VA and other databases to predict drug stoppage.

title: Perioperative use of anti-rheumatic agents does not increase early XXXX risks: a Veteran Affairs' administrative database study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['general infection', 'infection', 'infections']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative general infection', 'postoperative infection']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']

answer: @entity86 :: (MESH:D019106,Disease) :: ['postoperative infection']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Clinically significant intratumoral or peritumoral @entity548 from @entity5 is very rare. CLINICAL PRESENTATION: We report the case of a 59-year-old @entity1 who presented with recurrent @entity510 from a left trigeminal nerve @entity808 . He presented with @entity909 , left @entity1183 , and left @entity425 . @entity4254 was present for 18 months. Cranial computed tomographic and magnetic resonance imaging scans revealed a left parapontine mass with cystic changes and @entity548 . Furthermore, signs of @entity5437 of the subarachnoid space were noted. Lumbar puncture revealed @entity548 . Angiography detected no @entity439 or other causes of @entity548 . The @entity1 became fully alert within hours, the @entity425 improved within a few days. There was no evidence of @entity2553 or persisting @entity1276 . He underwent left-sided suboccipital craniotomy for macroscopically @entity5 removal. INTERVENTION: The @entity1 underwent @entity5 removal via a left suboccipital approach. Intraoperatively, evidence of recurrent @entity548 was noted. Histological examination revealed a @entity808 (World Health Organization Grade III). Postoperatively, the hypesthesia improved significantly. The @entity1 was transferred to radiotherapy for external beam radiation. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report regarding a malignant @entity1263 that caused clinically significant @entity510 caused by @entity548 .

title: Chronic recurrent @entity510 from a trigeminal nerve XXXX : case report.

entities_list: @entity808 :: ('MESH:D009442', 'Disease') :: ['malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor']

entities_list: @entity5437 :: ('MESH:D006486', 'Disease') :: ['hemosiderosis']

entities_list: @entity1183 :: ('MESH:D006987', 'Disease') :: ['facial hypesthesia']

entities_list: @entity1263 :: ('MESH:D010524', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral nerve sheath tumor of the trigeminal nerve']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['fresh bleeding', 'intratumoral bleeding', 'bleeding']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['subarachnoid hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['total tumor', 'trigeminal nerve tumors']

entities_list: @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['hydrocephalus']

entities_list: @entity4254 :: ('MESH:D014277', 'Disease') :: ['Trigeminal neuralgia']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['facial weakness']

entities_list: @entity909 :: ('MESH:D014474', 'Disease') :: ['decreased consciousness']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity2553 :: ('MESH:D020301', 'Disease') :: ['vasospasm']

answer: @entity808 :: (MESH:D009442,Disease) :: ['malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor']


abstract: Harbour seals ( @entity16341 ) are bio-indicators for the assessment of their habitat and environmental changes. Besides population parameters and trends (survival, age structure, sex ratio), the individual health status represents a further important parameter for this assessment. The health status of seals is a complex and vague term, determined by a wide range of diagnostic parameters. Quantities of important blood proteins such as transferrin (Tf), as well as altered distribution patterns of its glycoforms, are frequently used as biomarkers in clinical diagnosis. Within this context Tf quantities and a varying pattern of its glycoforms are used as indicator for e.g. certain @entity409 , which also represents one of the most frequently observed pathological indication in harbour seals of the North Sea. Currently, most assay based quantification methods for Tf are limited since they often provide only information regarding the total Tf concentration rather than information of its different glycoforms. Due to a lack of suitable seal Tf antibodies also the application of more specific antibody based approaches is not possible. Within this background a new approach for the absolute quantification of the @entity68 -transport protein Tf in the blood of harbour seals using its characteristic @entity68 content and @entity428 detection is described. Method validation was performed using a certified human serum reference material (ERM-DA470K/IFCC). A Tf concentration of 2.33    0.03 g L(-1) (sum of all quantified glycoforms) has been calculated, which is in good agreement with the certified total Tf concentration of 2.35    0.08 g L(-1), confirming the accuracy of the proposed analytical method. Finally, different seal samples were analysed to demonstrate the suitability of the procedure for the quantification of Tf in real samples as well as to observe modified glycoform patterns. Compared to our previous studies for the first time it was possible to quantify the serum Tf baseline reference range for male (1.42-2.35 g L(-1)) and female German North Sea seals (1.93-2.74 g L(-1)) as well as a CDT level of 0.00-0.10 g L(-1), respectively, which provides valuable further diagnostic information regarding the health status of these specific marine mammals. Compared to assay based quantification approaches the proposed technique indicates great potential to obtain comparable and traceable absolute quantitative results, which are in particular important for long term investigations. This absolute quantification is based on an accurate, traceable element standard, while assay based approaches often show variations depending on the kit quality or changing activities of the used antibodies.

title: Absolute quantification of transferrin in blood samples of harbour seals using XXXX .

entities_list: @entity16341 :: ('9720', 'Species') :: ['Phoca vitulina']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver diseases']

answer: @entity428 :: (MESH:D019586,Disease) :: ['HPLC-ICP-MS']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The cumulative survival curve after surgery for advanced @entity788 is characterized by a steep downward slope in the early postoperative period. The aim of this investigation was to identify the characteristics associated with early mortality in @entity1 undergoing pancreatic resection for @entity788 . METHODS: Thirty-seven @entity1 with extended radical pancreatectomy combined with intraoperative radiation therapy were studied. The cumulative survival curve in this series was depicted using the Kaplan-Meier method. Assuming that there were two distinct survival curves, below and above the breakpoint, each part of the curve was modeled as an exponential distribution. Three parameters, the breakpoint, the high hazard rate below the breakpoint, and the low hazard rate above the breakpoint were estimated by the maximum likelihood method. Prognostic factors associated with early mortality after surgery were evaluated using univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses. RESULTS: The breakpoint of the survival curve was estimated at 41 months. The short-survival group (SSG) was defined as deceased earlier than 41 months after surgery, and included 31 @entity1 (83.8 %). The long-survival @entity1 group (LSG) consisted of 6 @entity1 who were alive more than 41 months after surgery. Eighteen SSG @entity1 (58.1 %) died of hepatic @entity3 , whereas no LSG @entity1 died of hepatic @entity3 . @entity158 during clinical course was identified by multivariate analysis as a prognostic factor for @entity1 undergoing pancreatic resection. CONCLUSIONS: The high hazard rate in the early postoperative period was closely linked with @entity204 due to liver @entity3 . The preoperative presence of @entity158 was a prognostic factor associated with early mortality.

title: Identification of prognostic factors associated with early mortality after surgical resection for XXXX --under-analysis of cumulative survival curve.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['Abdominal pain and/or back pain', 'local pain']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatic cancer']


abstract: @entity32 is a major factor in @entity299 . IkB kinase (IKK) and its downstream target NF-kB are regulators of @entity32 and are activated in @entity299 , but their precise contributions and targets are unclear. We analyzed IKK/NF-kB function in the heart by a gain-of-function approach, generating an inducible transgenic @entity19 model with cardiomyocyte-specific expression of constitutively active @entity28293 . In adult animals, @entity28293 activation led to inflammatory @entity384 and @entity712 . Transgenic hearts showed infiltration with @entity3804 (+) cells, @entity82 , fetal reprogramming, and @entity194 of myocytes with strong constitutively active @entity28293 expression. Upon transgene inactivation, the disease was reversible even at an advanced stage. IKK-induced @entity296 was dependent on NF-kB activation, as in vivo expression of IkBa superrepressor, an inhibitor of NF-kB, prevented the development of disease. Gene expression and proteomic analyses revealed enhanced expression of inflammatory cytokines, and an IFN type I signature with activation of the @entity23310 ( @entity23310 ) pathway. In that respect, IKK-induced @entity296 resembled Coxsackievirus-induced @entity2401 , during which the NF-kB and @entity23310 pathways were also activated. Vice versa, in cardiomyocytes lacking the regulatory subunit of IKK (IKKy/ @entity34492 ), the induction of @entity23310 was attenuated. We conclude that IKK/NF-kB activation in cardiomyocytes is sufficient to cause @entity296 and @entity712 by inducing an excessive inflammatory response and myocyte @entity194 .

title: Cardiomyocyte-specific IkB kinase (IKK)/NF-kB activation induces reversible XXXX and @entity712 .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['Inflammation', 'inflammation']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['dilated cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac disorders', 'heart disease']

entities_list: @entity2401 :: ('MESH:D009205', 'Disease') :: ['myocarditis']

answer: @entity296 :: (MESH:D009202,Disease) :: ['inflammatory cardiomyopathy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Complications due to unsafe @entity5852 cause high maternal morbidity and mortality, especially in developing countries. This study describes post- @entity532 severity and associated factors in Kenya. METHODS: A nationally representative sample of 326 health facilities was included in the survey. All regional and national referral hospitals and a random sample of lower level facilities were selected. Data were collected from 2,625 @entity1 presenting with @entity532 . A complication severity indicator was developed as the main outcome variable for this paper and described by @entity1 's socio-demographic characteristics and other variables. Ordered logistic regression models were used for multivariable analyses. RESULTS: Over three quarters of @entity5852 clients presented with moderate or severe complications. About 65  % of @entity532 were managed by manual or electronic vacuum aspiration, 8% by dilation and curettage, 8% @entity396 and 19% by forceps and fingers. The odds of having moderate or severe complications for mistimed pregnancies were 43% higher than for wanted pregnancies (OR, 1.43; CI 1.01-2.03). For those who never wanted any more @entity1 the odds for having a severe complication was 2 times (CI 1.36-3.01) higher compared to those who wanted the pregnancy then. @entity1 who reported inducing the @entity5852 had 2.4 times higher odds of having a severe complication compared to those who reported that it was spontaneous (OR, 2.39; CI 1.72-3.34). @entity1 who had a delay of more than 6  hours to get to a health facility had at least 2 times higher odds of having a moderate/severe complication compared to those who sought care within 6  hours from onset of complications. A delay of 7-48 hours was associated with OR, 2.12 (CI 1.42-3.17); a delay of 3-7 days OR, 2.01 (CI 1.34-2.99) and a delay of more than 7  days, OR 2.35 (CI 1.45-3.79). CONCLUSIONS: Moderate and severe @entity532 are common in Kenya and a sizeable proportion of these are not properly managed. Factors such as delay in seeking care, interference with pregnancy, and unwanted pregnancies are important determinants of complication severity and fortunately these are amenable to targeted interventions.

title: Unsafe XXXX in Kenya: a cross-sectional study of @entity532 severity and associated factors.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'children', 'Women']

entities_list: @entity396 :: ('MESH:D016595', 'Chemical') :: ['misoprostol']

entities_list: @entity532 :: ('MESH:D003925', 'Disease') :: ['post-abortion complications', 'abortion complication', 'abortion complications']

entities_list: @entity5852 :: ('MESH:D000031', 'Disease') :: ['abortion', 'abortions']

answer: @entity5852 :: (MESH:D000031,Disease) :: ['abortion']


abstract: Both augmentation of @entity556 activity and activation of platelets have been reported to accompany administration of plasminogen activators in vivo. To determine whether the platelet activation is a consequence or a cause of the procoagulant effects, we assessed the effects of @entity3479 on spontaneous activation and aggregation of platelets and on clotting in recalcified @entity1 whole blood. Spontaneous activation of platelets occurred in the stirred samples 8.9 +/- 2 minutes (n = 5) after recalcification. Aggregation and clotting followed immediately afterward. Activation, aggregation and clotting were accelerated in a dose-dependent manner by 3 minutes of preincubation with @entity3479 (2-30 micrograms/ml) before recalcification. The procoagulant effect of @entity3479 (5 micrograms/ml) was abolished by concomitant incubation with hirudin (0.5 nM) or aprotinin (200 KIU/ml) consistent with the hypothesis of @entity1351 -mediated evolution of @entity556 being responsible for the procoagulant effect. However, platelets could be activated independently by other agonists (collagen, 3 micrograms/ml; and @entity857 , 25 microM) in the presence of hirudin. Despite the procoagulant effect of @entity3479 , aggregation to collagen (2-5 micrograms/ml) and PAF (0.9 microM) was diminished in samples incubated with @entity3479 for 30 minutes (37 degrees C). @entity2002 degradation products elaborated during this interval (25.6 micrograms/ml; n = 3) were responsible for this anti-aggregatory effect. The results indicate that platelet activation in recalcified whole blood depends on procoagulant effects of @entity3479 .

title: The dependence of activation of platelets by a plasminogen activator on the evolution of XXXX activity.

answer: @entity556 :: (2147,Gene) :: ['thrombin']


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: Treatment with albumin in @entity1 with @entity82 and @entity298 ( @entity298 ) prevents @entity177 and improves survival. Whether albumin has similar beneficial effects in @entity1 with @entity281 other than @entity298 is unknown. METHODS: One hundred and ten @entity1 with @entity82 hospitalized for @entity281 other than @entity298 were randomly assigned to receive antibiotics plus albumin (1.5 g/kgbw at diagnosis and 1 g/kgbw at day 3) (albumin group; n=56) or antibiotics alone (control group; n=54). The primary end point was survival at 3 months. Secondary end points were effects on renal and circulatory function. RESULTS: The renal function, as evaluated by differences in changes in serum @entity1011 and estimated glomerular filtration rate between the two groups, improved in @entity1 treated with albumin. The circulatory function improved significantly in @entity1 treated with albumin, but not in those from the control group. There was a trend for a @entity3182 in the albumin group compared to the control group (1 vs. 4 @entity1 , respectively; p=n.s.). Probability of survival at 3 months was not significantly different among the two groups. However, when adjusted for factors with independent prognostic value, treatment with albumin was an independent predictive factor of survival. CONCLUSIONS: As compared with standard antibiotic therapy alone, treatment with albumin together with antibiotics has beneficial effects on the renal and circulatory function and shows a potential survival benefit. Further studies with large sample sizes should be performed to confirm these findings.

title: Albumin for bacterial infections other than @entity298 in XXXX . A randomized, controlled study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity3182 :: ('MESH:D006530', 'Disease') :: ['lower frequency of type 1 hepatorenal syndrome']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['SBP', 'spontaneous bacterial peritonitis']

answer: @entity82 :: (MESH:D005355,Disease) :: ['cirrhosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The indications for surgical management of @entity102 ( @entity102 ) in @entity1 with @entity1577 ( @entity1577 ) are poorly defined. In this study we compare outcomes of medical versus surgical treatment and examine trends associated with the transition from medical to surgical therapy in @entity1577 @entity1 . METHODS: One hundred thirty-six @entity1 with @entity1577 referred to a tertiary rhinology practice were retrospectively divided into 3 cohorts: Medical, Upfront Surgery, or Crossover, if they converted from medical to surgical management. The 22-item Sino-Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT-22) and pulmonary function test (PFT) data were assessed up to 48 months. RESULTS: Compared to @entity1 initially managed medically (n = 90), those who pursued upfront surgery (n = 46) had a greater incidence of @entity1412 (p = 0.0011), prior sinus surgery (p = 0.0025), lower percent-predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 second (%FEV1 ) (p = 0.0063), and higher Lund-Mackay (p = 0.0025) and SNOT-22 (p = 0.0229) scores. Within the medical group, 35.5% converted to surgery after a mean of 14.3 months. Crossover (n = 32) was associated with a 6.1-point increase in SNOT-22 and a 4.5% deterioration in %FEV1 . Despite worsened symptom severity, the Crossover cohort ultimately achieved similar postoperative SNOT-22 scores (p = 0.831) and %FEV1 (p = 0.114) as those who underwent upfront surgery. Although the Medical cohort had the lowest baseline SNOT-22 scores (p < 0.001), surgery at any time normalized scores to the same baseline level (p = 0.652). Neither medical therapy nor surgery improved PFTs. CONCLUSIONS: Surgery effectively reduces @entity102 -related symptoms in @entity1577 @entity1 but may not improve pulmonary function. In @entity1 who first pursue medical therapy, symptomatic decline may prompt eventual conversion to surgery. @entity1 who delay surgery may achieve similar outcomes as those who pursue surgery upfront.

title: Determinants and outcomes of upfront surgery versus medical therapy for @entity102 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1412 :: ('MESH:D011125', 'Disease') :: ['nasal polyposis']

entities_list: @entity1577 :: ('MESH:D003550', 'Disease') :: ['CF', 'cystic fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic rhinosinusitis', 'CRS']

answer: @entity1577 :: (MESH:D003550,Disease) :: ['cystic fibrosis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We report a 5-year surviving @entity1 with unresectable @entity1086 treated with @entity136 ( @entity14113 )-based chemotherapy. A 64-year-old @entity1 was diagnosed with unresectable @entity1086 with peritoneal dissemination based on laparotomy findings. Two months later, he started to receive GEM chemotherapy. Twelve months after surgery, the @entity1 chose to suspend GEM treatment. One year and 10 months later, multiple lung metastases appeared and GEM was restarted in combination with UFT. Although the @entity75 and lung metastases gradually progressed, the @entity1 maintained a good quality of life. After 3 years and 2 months, chemotherapy was changed to GEM plus S-1 because of progressive disease. Five years and 2 months after surgery, his condition was complicated by a secondary pneumothorax, and the @entity1 received home @entity26 therapy. Five years and 8 months after surgery he died of @entity649 caused by the progression of lung metastases. Even in the case of unresectable advanced @entity1086 , effective chemotherapy could improve quality of life and prolong survival.

title: [A Long-Surviving Case of Unresectable Gall Bladder Carcinoma Treated with XXXX -Based Chemotherapy].

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['primary lesion']

entities_list: @entity649 :: ('MESH:D012128', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory distress']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity1086 :: ('MESH:D005706', 'Disease') :: ['gall bladder carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['gemcitabine']

answer: @entity136 :: (MESH:C056507,Chemical) :: ['Gemcitabine']


abstract: Lewis @entity35 were injected with recombinant @entity19 @entity5 factor-alpha either intravitreally (0.08-50 ng) or intracardially (1 microgram). The intraocular inflammatory response induced by @entity5 factor was examined by slit-lamp and protein extravasation into @entity7462 was determined. The phenotype of the inflammatory cells in the eye was analysed by immunohistochemistry. In addition, the kinetics of intraocular @entity568 production were determined. At 24 hr after intravitreal injection, a significant clinical @entity1596 was observed only in @entity35 injected with 50 ng of @entity5 factor, when compared to saline-treated controls (P < 0.05). Maximal clinical @entity1596 and blood-aqueous barrier breakdown were already present at 4 hr after @entity5 factor injection. The @entity1596 was characterized by a massive cellular infiltrate in the anterior segment, consisting predominantly of polymorphonuclear cells and macrophages/monocytes, and to a lesser extent of T lymphocytes. Intraocular @entity568 mRNA expression and elevated levels of @entity568 in @entity7462 were detected 1 hr after @entity5 @entity39 factor injection, reached a maximum at 3 to 4 hr after injection, and had declined again at 2 hr. Although intracardial injection of 1 microgram of @entity5 factor in Lewis @entity35 induced a rise of circulating @entity568 , it did not produce @entity1596 . The results obtained with intravitreally injected @entity5 factor indicate that intraocular TNF may play a pivotal role in the induction of @entity1596 in the @entity35 . The transient intraocular production of @entity568 early during @entity5 factor-induced @entity1596 suggests that this cytokine may participate in the response induced by @entity5 factor.

title: Tumour XXXX factor-induced @entity1596 in the Lewis @entity35 is associated with intraocular @entity568 production.

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumour necrosis']

entities_list: @entity7462 :: ('MESH:C562390', 'Disease') :: ['aqueous humor']

answer: @entity39 :: (MESH:D009336,Disease) :: ['necrosis']


abstract: PURPOSE: Studies suggest that the antitumor effect of bacillus Calmette-Guerin depends on bacillus Calmette-Guerin attachment to fibronectin at fibrin clot formation sites and medications that impact fibrin clot formation may modify bacillus activity. We evaluated the impact of fibrin clot inhibitors on the clinical efficacy of bacillus Calmette-Guerin. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed the records of 907 consecutive @entity1 treated with bacillus Calmette-Guerin between 1990 and 2006. Time to disease recurrence and progression to surgery were compared in @entity1 who did and did not receive fibrin clot inhibitors by Kaplan-Meier methods and multivariate Cox regression models. RESULTS: Overall 221 @entity1 (24%) received at least 1 fibrin clot inhibitor, including 170, 34 and 52 on @entity117 , @entity1397 and @entity1229 , respectively. @entity1 on @entity1229 had shorter time to progression than @entity1 not on @entity1229 (median 2.1 vs 9.0 years, p <0.005). @entity1 on @entity117 had a significantly improved 5-year probability of freedom from surgery (66% vs 56%, p = 0.029). On multivariate analysis @entity1229 was associated with an increased risk of progression to surgery (HR 1.89, 95% CI 1.31, 2.74, p = 0.0007), while @entity117 was associated with a decreased risk (HR 0.71, 95% CI 0.52, 0.96, p = 0.024). @entity1229 alone was associated with an increased risk of @entity5 recurrence (HR 1.39, 95% CI 1.00, 1.94, p = 0.047). CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that the risks of recurrence and progression to surgery after bacillus Calmette-Guerin are higher in @entity1 on @entity1229 , while the risk of progression is lower in @entity1 on @entity117 . These findings may have important treatment implications in @entity1 in whom bacillus Calmette-Guerin is contemplated.

title: Fibrin clot inhibitor medication and efficacy of bacillus Calmette-Guerin for bladder XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1397 :: ('MESH:C055162', 'Chemical') :: ['clopidogrel']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity1229 :: ('MESH:D014859', 'Chemical') :: ['Warfarin', 'warfarin']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['urothelial cancer']


abstract: @entity1 undergoing peripheral vascular surgery are at increased risk of @entity260 . To evaluate the role of @entity4341 echocardiography in predicting major @entity299 , 109 unselected @entity1 undergoing elective peripheral vascular surgery were prospectively studied. Preoperative @entity4341 echocardiograms were interpreted by an echocardiographer unaware of all clinical data. @entity1 were followed up until hospital discharge by research physicians without knowledge of @entity4341 echocardiography results. Outcomes were classified using strict predefined criteria by reviewers unaware of other clinical and echocardiographic data. Of the 109 @entity1 , 9 (8%) had positive studies defined as development of new regional wall motion abnormalities or worsening of preexistent wall motion abnormalities. Of these 9 @entity1 , 7 had postoperative events, including 3 @entity204 , 1 nonfatal @entity583 , 2 with @entity1459 , and 1 with @entity3126 . Only 1 event occurred among the 100 @entity1 with negative studies. The sensitivity and specificity of @entity4341 echocardiography for predicting @entity299 after vascular surgery were 88 and 98%, respectively; the positive and negative predictive values were 78 and 99%. The relative risk of having a cardiac event if @entity4341 echocardiography was abnormal was 78 (95% confidence interval, 11 to 564; p less than 0.0001). If these results are extended and confirmed by other investigators, preoperative @entity4341 echocardiography may be an important screening test for @entity1 undergoing elective peripheral vascular surgery.

title: Prediction of major XXXX after peripheral vascular surgery using @entity4341 echocardiography.

entities_list: @entity3126 :: ('MESH:D011654', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary edema']

entities_list: @entity4341 :: ('MESH:D004176', 'Chemical') :: ['dipyridamole']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative cardiac complications']

entities_list: @entity1459 :: ('MESH:D000789', 'Disease') :: ['unstable angina']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac events']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac deaths']

answer: @entity299 :: (MESH:D006331,Disease) :: ['cardiac events']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity162 ( @entity162 ) is a common disorder that results in significant @entity73 , including diminished quality of life and functioning, despite aggressive pharmacotherapy. Psychosocial interventions that target functional factors could be beneficial for this population, and we hypothesized that the addition of group cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) to maintenance pharmacotherapy would improve functioning and quality of life. METHODS: @entity1 diagnosed (by @entity915 ) with @entity162 attending an outpatient clinic of a @entity1316 program participated in the study. All @entity1 were on maintenance mood stabilizers, and were required to have controlled symptoms before entering the study. Mood symptoms were assessed with the Hamilton Depression Rating scale and Young @entity162 scale at baseline and 14 weeks. Objective and subjective functioning was rated at the same interval using the Global Assessment of Functioning scale and the Medical Outcomes Survey SF-36. Treatment was provided via a specific manual based on CBT principles that could be applied to this population. RESULTS: Forty nine @entity1 participated in this open trial, and 38 @entity1 completed treatment. Objective and subjective indices of impairment showed improvement after 14 weeks. Both @entity10686 and MOS scores increased significantly by the end of treatment. LIMITATIONS: This study was an open trial, and lack of control groups limits the interpretation of results. Because the study concerned effectiveness, the results do not clarify whether the improvement represents the normal course of @entity221 or whether it is the result of the CBT intervention. CONCLUSIONS: The addition of group CBT to standard pharmacological treatment was acceptable to @entity1 , and nearly 80% of @entity1 complied with treatment. Despite the fact that mood symptoms were controlled at entry into the study, psychosocial functioning increased significantly at the end of treatment. Adjunctive CBT should be further investigated in this population.

title: Group cognitive behavioral therapy for XXXX : a feasibility and effectiveness study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['bipolar disorder', 'BD', 'Mania', 'Bipolar disorder']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['psychosocial impairment']

entities_list: @entity1316 :: ('MESH:D019964', 'Disease') :: ['mood disorders']

answer: @entity162 :: (MESH:D001714,Disease) :: ['bipolar disorder']


abstract: AIM: To study prospectively two methods for the bacteriological diagnosis of @entity4034 related to @entity6 foot @entity1066 : needle puncture performed across normal skin surrounding the foot @entity1066 and superficial swabbing of the @entity1066 . @entity1 AND METHODS: @entity6 @entity1 with a foot @entity1066 complicated by @entity79 , as detected by X-ray imaging, were included in the study. Ulcer swabbing and needle puncture were performed in each @entity1 . To reach the tissue nearest the bone surface, needle puncture was guided by X-ray imaging and the drop of fluid obtained by aspiration was used for both aerobic and anaerobic bacterial culture. RESULTS: Twenty-one @entity6 @entity1 were included. The mean number of microorganisms isolated by needle puncture was significantly lower compared with that obtained by superficial swabbing: 1.09 vs. 2.04 (P < 0.02). Three bacterial species were isolated by needle puncture only in one @entity1 while three or more bacterial isolates were obtained by superficial swabbing in six @entity1 . No bacterial isolate was detected in five @entity1 by needle puncture and in two @entity1 by superficial swabbing. @entity794 accounted for 70% of cases (seven @entity1 ) when a single bacterial species was obtained by needle puncture. After needle puncture, no wound complication or @entity281 was observed. CONCLUSION: Culture of samples obtained by needle puncture revealed one or two bacterial isolates in two-thirds of @entity6 @entity1 with @entity4034 following foot @entity1066 . Given the lack of complications, this invasive diagnostic technique should be considered for deep direct sampling in @entity6 @entity1 with @entity4034 related to foot @entity1066 when surgical debridement is contraindicated or delayed.

title: Comparison of microbiological results of needle puncture vs. superficial swab in infected XXXX foot @entity1066 with @entity4034 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetic', 'diabetic']

entities_list: @entity4034 :: ('MESH:D010019', 'Disease') :: ['osteomyelitis']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone or joint infection']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetic']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity779 is usually a benign acute @entity1800 transmitted by arthropods but may evolve to severe clinical manifestations such as coagulation and/or hemodynamic disorders, caused mainly by an increase of vascular permeability. Deregulated circulating immunological factors have been associated with severity. In Brazil severe cases appeared in @entity1 only recently and we evaluated the profile of cytokine/chemokine kinetics in 134 hospitalized young @entity1 during the epidemic in Rio de Janeiro in 2008. Inflammatory cytokines TNF and IFNy were found elevated during the acute phase in @entity1 as well as the anti-inflammatory @entity688 and chemokines @entity6785 and @entity371 / @entity371 , all last three persisting longer during the recovery phase. Severe disease fitting the @entity7643 pattern (WHO, 1997) was associated with higher @entity688 and @entity371 / @entity371 circulating levels (peak levels at seven days with P<0.01 and P<0.001 respectively as compared to DF). These factors were higher in @entity1 @entity358 (P<0.05 for @entity688 and P<0.01 for @entity371 / @entity371 ). Both factors were also associated with liver changes such as @entity6571 increase correlated with @entity371 / @entity371 (r=0.4300 with P<0.0001) and @entity1 presenting painful @entity382 showed higher circulating levels of @entity688 (P<0.01, at 7-9 days) and of @entity371 / @entity371 (P<0.05, 4-6 days and P<0.001, 7-9 days) when compared to @entity1 without apparent liver alterations. Most cases presented a history of prior @entity281 (93%). This is the first study demonstrating cytokine and chemokine association with severity during @entity779 in Brazilian @entity1 . @entity688 and @entity371 / @entity371 play a role in the disease severity associated with induction of vascular leakage and a novel association with changes in @entity409 .

title: Circulating cytokines and chemokines associated with plasma leakage and @entity409 in Brazilian @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1800 :: ('MESH:D014777', 'Disease') :: ['viral infection']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary effusion or ascites']

entities_list: @entity382 :: ('MESH:D006529', 'Disease') :: ['hepatomegaly']

entities_list: @entity7643 :: ('MESH:D019595', 'Disease') :: ['dengue hemorrhagic fever']

entities_list: @entity779 :: ('MESH:D003715', 'Disease') :: ['Dengue fever', 'dengue fever']

answer: @entity779 :: (MESH:D003715,Disease) :: ['dengue fever']


abstract: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) and endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) are widely accepted procedures for cholecysto- @entity2877 in adults. However, their use in @entity1 has not been reported. An 8-month-old @entity1 presented with high fever and @entity3883 . Ultrasound scan showed acute @entity2679 with stones in the bile duct. After 2-week-long antibiotic therapy the acute @entity2679 and @entity409 resolved. An @entity10747 ( @entity10747 ) confirmed @entity2877 and @entity9975 . Risk factors for the development of @entity5990 were not detected. One month after the restoration of her liver function, she underwent EST using a side-viewing endoscope with a small sphincterotome. A common bile duct stone was extracted using a basket catheter. LC was then carried out. The time interval between the EST and LC was 34 days. No complications have been noted for 6 months.

title: Endoscopic sphincterotomy and laparoscopic cholecystectomy in an XXXX with cholecysto- @entity2877 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['girl', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity3883 :: ('MESH:D041781', 'Disease') :: ['obstructive jaundice']

entities_list: @entity10747 :: ('MESH:D012183', 'Disease') :: ['endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography', 'ERCP']

entities_list: @entity9975 :: ('MESH:D041761', 'Disease') :: ['cholecystolithiasis']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic impairment']

entities_list: @entity5990 :: ('MESH:D042882', 'Disease') :: ['biliary calculi']

entities_list: @entity2679 :: ('MESH:D002764', 'Disease') :: ['cholecystitis']

entities_list: @entity2877 :: ('MESH:D042883', 'Disease') :: ['choledocholithiasis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['infant']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To detect the effects of different deviant stimuli on long-latency auditory-evoked potentials (LLAEPs) in @entity1 with severe @entity1662 from @entity131 ( @entity131 ) and to define their prognostic value for late functional outcome. DESIGN: Correlational study on a prospective cohort. SETTING: @entity1545 rehabilitation center. @entity1 : Eleven volunteers and 21 consecutively sampled @entity1 with severe @entity131 referred to the inpatient intensive rehabilitation unit of primary care in a university-based system. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The LLAEPs recorded with different paradigms; and the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS), @entity717 ( @entity717 ), FIMtrade mark instrument, and Neurobehavioural Rating Scale (NBHRS). RESULTS: N100-P150 complex showed high reliability. @entity1 with good outcomes showed N100 and P150 mean latencies similar to those of unimpaired @entity1 and shorter than @entity1 with unfavorable outcomes. When the deviant stimulus was the @entity1 's name, N100 latency showed high correlations with @entity717 (p <.007), @entity15467 (p <.01), and NBHRS (p <.009). P250 and P300 showed a low percentage of occurrence with passive paradigms in both @entity1 and controls. Their scores were inversely correlated to the Glasgow @entity772 Scale (p <.03) and the Innsbruck @entity772 Scale (p <.003), but no significant correlations were found with functional and behavioral outcomes. @entity1 with GOS score 1-2 1 year posttrauma had significantly longer latency and lower amplitude of N100 and P150 than those with GOS score 4-5. CONCLUSIONS: LLAEPs can be recorded in @entity1 with severe @entity1662 by means of passive paradigms. The use of a stimulus that is relevant for the @entity1 can enhance the accuracy of the test and its relationship with functional outcome.

title: Long-latency auditory-evoked potentials in severe XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1545 :: ('MESH:D020214', 'Disease') :: ['Brain injury']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['TBI', 'traumatic brain injury']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['Disability Rating Scale', 'DRS']

entities_list: @entity1662 :: ('MESH:D003244', 'Disease') :: ['impairment of consciousness']

answer: @entity131 :: (MESH:D001930,Disease) :: ['traumatic brain injury']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (aHSCT) is still not the standard treatment for highly inflammatory @entity15 ( @entity15 ). Even though randomized controlled trials are lacking, predictors for treatment response have been established. Since 2007, ten @entity1 have received aHSCT in Hamburg. OBJECTIVE: To present observational data from @entity1 treated in Hamburg and a review of the literature. METHODS: Descriptive statistics were used for evaluating the course of the expanded disability status scale (EDSS) as a measure for clinical outcome, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and neuropsychology. New @entity2287 and T2-MRI uptake lesions per scan were compared. In addition, a systematic review of the currently available literature was performed. RESULTS: The Hamburg series can be divided in two groups, one group including four @entity1 with chronic progressive @entity15 with low inflammatory activity (median EDSS =   6.25, 0.5 relapses per year, no @entity2287 -enhancing lesions) and the other group including six @entity1 with mild to moderate disability, relapses and inflammatory activity (median EDSS =   4.25, 1 relapse per year, 2 @entity2287 -enhancing lesions). The median follow-up was 2.4 years. While the first group did not seem to benefit from aHSCT, an improvement in five out of six @entity1 was observed in the second group. New T2 lesions occurred within the first 6 months but @entity2287 -enhancing lesions were not observed (p   <   0.05). A systematic literature search identified a higher efficacy of aHSCT in younger, less disabled @entity15 @entity1 with inflammatory activity, similar to the findings from Hamburg. CONCLUSION: Cohort reports describe aHSCT as a safe and efficient treatment option in highly inflammatory @entity15 . Based on these data aHSCT seems to be a reasonable option in selected @entity1 with highly inflammatory @entity15 but a randomized controlled trial is warranted.

title: [Stem cell transplantation for XXXX : Hamburg experiences and state of international research].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2287 :: ('MESH:D005682', 'Chemical') :: ['gadolinium']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['multiple sclerosis', 'MS']

answer: @entity15 :: (MESH:D009103,Disease) :: ['multiple sclerosis']


abstract: In a multiethnic cohort of older @entity1 with @entity6 (n=1178), we assessed whether ambulatory blood pressure (BP) monitoring improves prediction of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality when added to baseline covariates, including office BP and heart rate (HR). Secondary analyses assessed whether @entity633 may mediate the association of pulse pressure with mortality. The ambulatory arterial stiffness index was calculated as "1-slope" from the within- @entity1 regression of diastolic-on-systolic ambulatory BP readings. Mean follow-up was 6.6+/-0.4 years. There were 287 @entity204 ; death certificates were available for 215 @entity204 (75%), and 110 of them were deemed of cardiovascular cause. Cox models were built incrementally. First, models using clinical and laboratory variables selected @entity633 and office HRs as independent predictors of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. When ambulatory monitoring data were added, sleep:wake HR ratio and ambulatory arterial stiffness index added significantly to the prediction of all-cause mortality, but only sleep:wake HR ratio added to the prediction of cardiovascular mortality. Office HR and @entity633 retained significance as predictors of both types of mortality. Secondary analyses without adjustment for @entity633 confirmed the predictive @entity299 , whereas 24-hour pulse pressure and sleep systolic BP were also independently predictive of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, respectively. In conclusion, office HR and @entity633 were strong predictors of mortality. Ambulatory monitoring improved the prediction of risk through its assessment of sleep HR dipping and of ambulatory arterial stiffness index, a measure of the dynamic relationship between systolic and diastolic BPs. @entity633 may mediate the association between BP and mortality.

title: Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and all-cause mortality in elderly @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['person', 'people']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity633 :: ('MESH:D000419', 'Disease') :: ['albuminuria', 'Albuminuria']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['value of office HR and sleep/wake HR']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes mellitus']


abstract: AIMS: We previously generated @entity7878 -expressed recombinant porcine @entity4179 (LL-pEGF), and demonstrated improved growth performance in early-weaned piglets. This study investigates the effect of LL-pEGF on the development and expression of genes that maintain the structural integrity and function of the small intestine in early-weaned piglets. METHODS AND RESULTS: The mitogenic effect of porcine @entity4179 (pEGF) was tested in  vitro with the @entity1603 ( @entity1603 ) incorporation assay in fibroblast cells. In the in  vivo study, 40 weaned piglets were randomly allocated to control, antibiotic control, Lc.  lactis-expressing empty vector (LL-EV) and LL-pEGF treatment groups. Cells treated with LL-pEGF had higher @entity1603 -positive stained cells than those in the control and the LL-EV treatments (P  <  0  05). Scanning electron microscope and histological examination demonstrated that the small intestinal villi treated with LL-pEGF were higher (P  <  0  05) than in the other treatments. LL-pEGF increased the messenger RNA (mRNA) expression levels of the intestinal structural integrity proteins trefoil factor 3, claudin 1 (CLDN1), occludin and zonula occludens 1 (ZO-1), the digestive enzymes @entity969 , aminopeptidase A, and aminopeptidase N, and the nutrient transporters @entity1372 / @entity413 cotransporter 1 (SGLT1), @entity413 transporter 2, and peptide transporter 1 (PEPT1) as compared with the control (P  <  0  05) in the small intestine. Meanwhile, the mRNA levels of CLDN1 in the jejunum and ZO-1 in the ileum were higher in the LL-EV group than in the control group (P  <  0  05). LL-EV and the antibiotic control increased SGLT1 mRNA in the jejunum and PEPT1 mRNA in the ileum compared with the control (P  <  0  05). CONCLUSIONS: Recombinant pEGF promotes cell mitosis. Oral administration of Lc.  lactis-expressing pEGF stimulated intestinal development by upregulating the gene expression of the intestinal structural integrity proteins, the digestive enzymes and the nutrient transporters. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The combination of @entity4179 and genetically modified micro-organisms may be used as dietary supplements to reduce intestinal stress in animals and even @entity1 .

title: Oral administration of @entity7878 -expressed recombinant porcine XXXX stimulates the development and promotes the health of small intestines in early-weaned piglets.

entities_list: @entity1603 :: ('MESH:D001973', 'Chemical') :: ['BrdU', '5-Bromodeoxyuridine']

entities_list: @entity969 :: ('MESH:D013395', 'Chemical') :: ['sucrose']

entities_list: @entity4179 :: ('1950', 'Gene') :: ['epidermal growth factor']

entities_list: @entity7878 :: ('1358', 'Species') :: ['Lactococcus lactis']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity4179 :: (1950,Gene) :: ['epidermal growth factor']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In 1998 a clinical guideline for the targeted, accurate and early detection and treatment of @entity14398 -related @entity74 ( @entity74 ), which comprises a test for the causative @entity14398 -gene mutations, was introduced in our outpatient department. METHODS: The impact of this guideline was evaluated retrospectively. Data were acquired from medical records of @entity1 with discharge diagnosis codes suggestive of @entity74 (n=878 @entity1 ), obtained from a period before (n=422) and after guideline introduction (n=456). RESULTS: Combined measurements of serum transferrin saturation and serum ferritin rose from 12.2% (n=53) to 29.5% (n=138, p<0.001), leaving 70% of the @entity1 eligible for @entity74 not tested for @entity68 parameters. The @entity14398 -gene mutation detection test was correctly used in II (40.7%) of 27 tested @entity1 and improperly interpreted in six (22.2%) of these 27 @entity1 . Five new @entity74 @entity1 were diagnosed before and 13 after introduction. Seven of these 13 @entity1 appeared to be incorrectly diagnosed, due to misinterpretation of laboratory results. Diagnostic costs of case detection for each accurately diagnosed @entity1 were @entity7634 2380 before and @entity7634 2600 after introduction of the guideline. CONCLUSION: Evaluation of the introduction of a practical guideline for targeted @entity74 detection reveals a low compliance with the guideline, resulting in both a small percentage of @entity1 tested for @entity74 and overdiagnosis of @entity74 . Therefore, the introduction of the guideline should be combined with a more appropriate implementation strategy which includes education on its most critical points, i.e. the indication and interpretation of the @entity68 parameters and the @entity14398 genotype.

title: Impact of the introduction of a guideline on the targeted detection of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['HH', 'hereditary haemochromatosis']

answer: @entity74 :: (MESH:D030342,Disease) :: ['hereditary haemochromatosis']


abstract: The results of a phase III, clinical trial of local microwave @entity221 (target = 2 x 44 degrees C for 30 min) and megavoltage radiation (4 x 9 Gy fractions) in the treatment of 145 naturally occurring @entity235 @entity135 are reported. @entity1 were re-examined at regular intervals following treatment until @entity204 . The median follow up time was 90 weeks. @entity5 response, @entity1 survival and normal tissue @entity137 were analysed by treatment allocation. There was no significant difference in @entity5 response nor @entity1 survival between the two treatment groups. There was no difference in acute normal tissue @entity137 but there was a suggestion that @entity1 receiving RT and @entity101 may suffer a higher incidence of late skin reactions. Histological type and @entity5 volume were of prognostic significance with @entity5 and @entity189 showing higher response rates. There were also positive associations between minimum @entity5 dose and @entity5 response and percentage of @entity5 heated and @entity5 response. The results of this study must be interpreted in the knowledge of limitations on the dose and fractionation schedule for radiation therapy, the small number of @entity221 treatments applied and the variation in @entity5 type and size that is inevitable in a clinical study. It is concluded that the quality of @entity221 in terms of intra- @entity5 temperatures and the uniformity of heating is of paramount importance in governing response to adjuvant @entity221 .

title: Response of 145 spontaneous @entity235 XXXX to radiation versus radiation plus microwave @entity221 : results of a randomized phase III clinical study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck cancers']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['best tumour', 'smaller tumours', 'Tumour', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['hyperthermia']

answer: @entity135 :: (MESH:D006258,Disease) :: ['head and neck tumours']