abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5601 -y activation leads to the suppression of production of a broad range of proinflammatory molecules. They play role in the differentiation of the trophoblasts and helps in the normal placentation and formation of vascular exchange interface. Whereas, activation of NF-kB leads to the trigger of proinflammatory molecules inducing abnormal placentation and @entity3152 . The aim of this study was to explore the expression of @entity6864 and NF-kB in placentas of preeclamptic @entity1 associated with @entity2521 , compared with placental expression of @entity6864 and NF-kB in normotensive subjects. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty pregnant females were included. Twenty-five were controls (normotensive pregnant @entity1 ) and 25 were preeclamptic pregnant @entity1 including gestational @entity101 . Demographic, pregnancy characteristics and periodontal parameters such as plaque index, gingival index, @entity548 on probing (BOP), probing pocket depth, @entity6730 ( @entity6730 ) of each individual were recorded. Placental tissue samples were collected from both the groups and were analyzed to quantify the expression of @entity6864 and NF-kB using RT-PCR. RESULTS: BOP and @entity6730 was significantly higher in preeclamptic pregnant @entity1 compared to normotensive pregnant @entity1 (p < 0.05). The expression of @entity6864 was down regulated in @entity1 with @entity1468 compared to that of the healthy normotensive @entity1 , which was statistically significant (p < 0.05), whereas NF-kB was found to be significantly activated (p < 0.05) in the preeclamptic females than the normotensive pregnant females. CONCLUSIONS: Among preclamptic pregnant @entity1 , there was higher periodontal disease prevalence with more percentage of sites with @entity548 on probing and greater clinical @entity6730 . This study provides novel information on host response to the systemic @entity32 induced by periodontal pathogens through mechanisms involving down-regulation of @entity5601 -y and increased activation of NF-kB.

title: Evidence Linking the Role of Placental Expressions of @entity6864 and NF-kB in the Pathogenesis of @entity1468 Associated With XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity6730 :: ('MESH:D017622', 'Disease') :: ['attachment loss', 'AL']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity3152 :: ('MESH:D007752', 'Disease') :: ['premature labor']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity1468 :: ('MESH:D011225', 'Disease') :: ['preeclampsia']

entities_list: @entity2521 :: ('MESH:D010518', 'Disease') :: ['periodontitis']

answer: @entity2521 :: (MESH:D010518,Disease) :: ['Periodontitis']


abstract: ARALAR/ @entity36448 / @entity36449 , the aspartate-glutamate carrier from brain mitochondria, is the regulatory step in the malate-aspartate NADH shuttle, MAS. MAS is used to oxidize cytosolic NADH in mitochondria, a process required to maintain oxidative glucose utilization. The role of ARALAR was analyzed in two paradigms of glutamate-induced excitotoxicity in cortical neurons: glucose deprivation and acute glutamate stimulation. @entity942 did not aggravate glutamate-induced neuronal deathin vitro, although glutamate-stimulated respiration was impaired. In contrast, the presence ofl-lactate as an additional source protected against glutamate-induced @entity528 in control, but not ARALAR-deficient neurons.l-Lactate supplementation increased glutamate-stimulated respiration partially prevented the decrease in the cytosolic ATP/ADP ratio induced by glutamate and substantially diminished mitochondrial accumulation of 8-oxoguanosine, a marker of reactive oxygen species production, only in the presence, but not the absence, of ARALAR. In addition,l-lactate potentiated glutamate-induced increase in cytosolic Ca(2+), in a way independent of the presence of ARALAR. Interestingly,in vivo, the loss of half-a-dose of ARALAR inaralar(+/-) @entity19 enhanced kainic acid-induced @entity410 and @entity528 with respect to control animals, in a model of excitotoxicity in which increasedl-lactate levels andl-lactate consumption have been previously proven. These results suggest that,in vivo, an inefficient operation of the shuttle in thearalarhemizygous @entity19 prevents the protective role ofl-lactate on glutamate excitotoxiciy and that the entry and oxidation ofl-lactate through ARALAR-MAS pathway is required for its neuroprotective function. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Lactate now stands as a metabolite necessary for multiple functions in the brain and is an alternative energy source during excitotoxic @entity1545 . Here we find that the absence of a functional malate-aspartate NADH shuttle caused byaralar/ @entity36448 disruption causes a block in lactate utilization by neurons, which prevents the protective role of lactate on excitotoxicity, but not glutamate excitotoxicity itself. Thus, failure to use lactate is detrimental and is possibly responsible for the exacerbatedin vivoexcitotoxicity inaralar(+/-) @entity19 .

title: l-Lactate-Mediated Neuroprotection against Glutamate-Induced Excitotoxicity Requires ARALAR/ XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1545 :: ('MESH:D020214', 'Disease') :: ['brain injury']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['neuronal damage', 'neuronal death']

entities_list: @entity942 :: ('MESH:D003677', 'Disease') :: ['ARALAR deficiency']

answer: @entity36448 :: (11595(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['AGC1']


abstract: The analysis of blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) variability by spectral methods has proven a useful tool in many animal species for the assessment of the vagal and sympathetic contributions to oscillations of BP and HR. Continuous BP measurements obtained in @entity19 by telemetry were used to characterize the spectral bandwidths of autonomic relevance by using an approach with no a priori. The paradigm was based on the autonomic blockades obtained with conventional drugs ( @entity3897 , @entity3159 , @entity2165 ). The spectral changes were estimated in all of the combinations of spectral bandwidths. The effect of @entity2514 was also tested using the same systematic analysis, to detect the zones of sympathetic activation resulting reflexly from the vasodilatory action of the drug. Two zones of interest in the study of the autonomic control of BP and HR were observed. The first zone covered the 0.15-0.60 Hz range of the systolic BP spectrum and corresponds to the low-frequency zone (or Mayer waves). This zone reflects sympathetic control since the power spectral density of this zone was significantly reduced with alpha1-adrenoceptor blockade ( @entity3159 ), while it was significantly amplified as a result of a reflex sympathetic activation ( @entity2514 ). The second zone covered the 2.5-5.0 Hz range of the pulse interval spectrum and corresponded to the high-frequency zone (respiratory sinus @entity943 ) under vagal control (blocked by @entity3897 ). These zones are recommended for testing the autonomic control of circulation in @entity19 .

title: Optimal frequency ranges for extracting information on cardiovascular autonomic control from the blood pressure and pulse interval spectrograms in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmia']

entities_list: @entity2514 :: ('MESH:D006830', 'Chemical') :: ['hydralazine']

entities_list: @entity3897 :: ('MESH:D001285', 'Chemical') :: ['atropine']

entities_list: @entity3159 :: ('MESH:D011224', 'Chemical') :: ['prazosin']

entities_list: @entity2165 :: ('MESH:D001262', 'Chemical') :: ['atenolol']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) contribute to @entity5 initiation and progression by silencing the expression of their target genes, causing either mRNA molecule degradation or translational inhibition. Intraductal epithelial proliferations of the breast are histologically and clinically classified into normal, @entity1373 ( @entity1373 ), @entity3821 ( @entity3821 ) and @entity513 ( @entity513 ). To better understand the progression of @entity0 development, we attempt to identify deregulated miRNAs in this process using @entity406 -Fixed, @entity982 -Embedded (FFPE) tissues from @entity0 @entity1 . Following tissue microdissection, we obtained 8 normal, 4 @entity1373 , 6 @entity3821 and 7 @entity513 samples, which were subject to RNA isolation and miRNA expression profiling analysis. We found that @entity10017 , @entity27164 /c, @entity18842 , and @entity26767 were consistently up-regulated in @entity1373 , @entity3821 and @entity513 compared to normal, while @entity40747 was uniquely down-regulated in @entity3821 . Interestingly, the most significant miRNA deregulations occurred during the transition from normal to @entity1373 . However, the data did not reveal a step-wise miRNA alteration among discrete steps along @entity5 progression, which is in accordance with previous reports of mRNA profiling of different stages of @entity0 . Furthermore, the expression of @entity4311 and @entity8110 , two important molecules involving TGF-b pathway, was restored following @entity10017 knockdown in both MCF-7 and Hs578T @entity0 cells. In this study, we have not only identified a number of potential candidate miRNAs for @entity0 , but also found that deregulation of miRNA expression during breast tumorigenesis might be an early event since it occurred significantly during normal to @entity1373 transition. Consequently, we have demonstrated the feasibility of miRNA expression profiling analysis using archived FFPE tissues, typically with rich clinical information, as a means of miRNA biomarker discovery.

title: Role of deregulated microRNAs in XXXX progression using FFPE tissue.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3821 :: ('MESH:D002285', 'Disease') :: ['ductal carcinoma in situ', 'DCIS']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer', 'ductal breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity1373 :: ('MESH:D006965', 'Disease') :: ['ADH', 'atypical ductal hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity406 :: ('MESH:D005557', 'Chemical') :: ['Formalin']

entities_list: @entity513 :: ('MESH:D044584', 'Disease') :: ['IDC', 'invasive ductal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity982 :: ('MESH:D010232', 'Chemical') :: ['Paraffin']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: After @entity1489 excision on the face, extremities, or trunk, the choice of treatment for a @entity272 is highly variable. Many surgeons prefer to use a local flap rather than a skin graft or free flap for small- or moderately-sized circular defects. We have used unilateral or bilateral V-Y advancement flaps, especially on the face. Here we evaluated the functional and aesthetic results of this technique. METHODS: All of the @entity1 were pathologically diagnosed with @entity957 ( @entity957 ), @entity1491 ( @entity1491 ), or @entity320 or @entity75 ( @entity1490 ). Thirty-two @entity1 underwent V-Y advancement flap repair (11 unilateral and 21 bilateral) from January 2007 to June 2011. We analyzed the @entity1 ' age and satisfaction, and location and size of defect. The @entity1 were followed up for 6 months or more. RESULTS: There were 22 @entity1 and 10 @entity1 . The ages ranged from 47 to 93 years with a mean age of 66 years. The causes were @entity957 in 15 cases, @entity1491 in 13 cases, @entity320 in 1 case, @entity1490 in 2 cases, and another cause in 1 case. The @entity5 locations were the face in 28 @entity1 , and the scalp, upper limb, and flank each in one @entity1 . All of the flaps survived and the aesthetic results were good. Postoperative recovery was usually rapid, and no complication or @entity5 recurrence was observed. CONCLUSIONS: The V-Y advancement flap is often used not only for facial circular defects but also for defects of the trunk and extremities. Its advantages are less scarring and superior aesthetic results as compared with other local flap methods, because of less scarification of adjacent tissue and because it is an easy surgical technique.

title: Usefulness of v-y advancement flap for defects after XXXX excision.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['premalignant lesion']

entities_list: @entity1489 :: ('MESH:D012878', 'Disease') :: ['skin tumor']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma', 'SCC']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin defect']

entities_list: @entity1490 :: ('MESH:D001913', 'Disease') :: ["Bowen's disease"]

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['malignant melanoma']

entities_list: @entity1491 :: ('MESH:D002280', 'Disease') :: ['basal cell carcinoma', 'BCC']

answer: @entity1489 :: (MESH:D012878,Disease) :: ['skin tumor']


abstract: A case of @entity438 was reported, in whom repeated cerebral angiographies demonstrated the seccessive appearance of @entity439 in a short term after the septic cerebral infection, and the importance of repeated angiography in the treatment of the @entity438 was stressed. A 44-year old male who had @entity712 developed suddenly a @entity1269 with irritable meningial signs on Nov. 3, 1973. The right carotid angiography carried out on Nov. 16 in an admitted hospital showed partial obliteration of cortical branches of the middle cerebral shift of the anterior cerebral artery due to the @entity385 . No @entity439 was demonstrated in the angiogram. The second angiography of the right carotid and vertebral artery was done on the admission of Dec. 18. The previously shown contralateral shift of the anterior cerebral artery was remarkably decreased, and an @entity439 of 3 mm in diameter was recognized at the cortical branch of the right middle cerebral artery on the parietal region. Any @entity439 was not revealed by the vertebral angiography. The third angiography of bilateral carotid and vertebral artery was performed on Dec. 25. The previously revealed @entity439 increased in size. @entity439 was demonstrated at the anterior branches of the insular artery. The vertebral angiography demonstrated @entity439 at the peripheral portion of the bilateral posterior cerebral arteries. The @entity1 was improved neurologically after the administration of antibiotics, and was discharged on Dec. 27 on the convenience of his family and would be followed in conservative cares.

title: [Multiple XXXX . Report of a case (author's transl)].

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial mycotic aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity1269 :: ('MESH:D010291', 'Disease') :: ['left hemiparesis']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['Multiple aneurysms', 'aneurysm', 'multiple aneurysms']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral infarction']

answer: @entity438 :: (MESH:D002532,Disease) :: ['intracranial mycotic aneurysm']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Preventing relapse during the first years of illness has a critical impact on lifelong outcomes in @entity161 . A better understanding and improvement in factors which influence relapse should diminish the risk of relapse and consequently improve the outcome of the illness. OBJECTIVE: To identify factors associated with relapse after 3 years of a first episode in a sample of @entity716 @entity1 who are representative of clinical practice in an epidemiological catchment. METHOD: We analyzed socio-demographic and clinical data from a cohort of @entity1 who were treated in a specialized early intervention service and who were at risk of relapse during a 3-year follow-up. Univariate analyses, logistic regression and survival analyses were performed. The analyzed variables included gender, age at onset, duration of untreated @entity716 , clinical severity at baseline, insight at baseline, premorbid functioning, substance use, family history of @entity716 and adherence to medication. RESULTS: Of the 140 @entity1 considered to be at risk for relapse, 91 (65%) individuals relapsed at least once over the three-year period. The relapse rates at 1 year and 2 years were 20.7% and 40.7%, respectively. Adherence to medication was the only significant predictor of relapse after a three-year follow-up [hazard ratio (HR) 4.8, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.9-7.7; p  <  0.001]. Comparison of the mean time of relapse between adherent and non-adherent @entity1 also revealed statistically significant differences (933 and 568 days, respectively). 50% of @entity1 will relapse despite being categorized as treatment adherents. CONCLUSION: Non-adherence to medication is the biggest predictive factor of relapse after a first episode of @entity716 .

title: Predicting relapse after a first episode of XXXX : a three-year follow-up study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['non-affective psychosis', 'psychosis']

answer: @entity716 :: (MESH:D011605,Disease) :: ['non-affective psychosis']


abstract: Intracerebral inoculation of newborn @entity19 with @entity15609 I (6/94) virus produces a chronic @entity8300 . Electron microscopic studies were carried out over 125 days of the @entity281 . Productive @entity281 of choroidal and ependymal epithelial cells was seen from postinoculation days 2nd to the 8th. Fusion of adjacent choroid and ependymal cells resulted in giant cell formation. Completed virions were seen adsorbed to circulating macrophages and these cells replicated intracytoplasmic nucleocapsids. @entity528 was evident on the 3rd postinoculation day, was widespread by the 6th day postinoculation and persisted to the 35th day postinoculation. Nucleocapsid alignment and budding from neuronal plasma membranes was never seen. An initially intense mononuclear cell infiltrate subsided by the 35th day but residual inflammation persisted throughout the study. Late in the course of the @entity281 , vacuolation of the neuropil and a periventricular and deep @entity1779 was seen which could not be directly associated with local viral replication. These ultrastructural findings are correlated with prior light microscopic, virological and immunofluorescent studies of the @entity281 and compared to other experimental models of @entity4767 .

title: Experimental XXXX induced in suckling @entity19 by parainfluenza I (6/94) virus. III. Ultrastructural studies.

entities_list: @entity4767 :: ('MESH:D002494', 'Disease') :: ['myxovirus central nervous system infections']

entities_list: @entity15609 :: ('MESH:D018184', 'Disease') :: ['Parainfluenza']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity8300 :: ('MESH:D013344', 'Disease') :: ['panencephalitis']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral spongiform change']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['Neuronal infection']

answer: @entity8300 :: (MESH:D013344,Disease) :: ['panencephalitis']


abstract: The relationship between the age and the clinical efficacy of a new long acting @entity460 entry blocker, @entity10129 , was investigated in essential @entity101 using two double blind group studies, in which @entity594 or @entity2165 was used as a control drug. Following 4 weeks of the observation period, @entity10129 was administered 2.5 mg once a day and an increase in dose was available up to 5 to 10 mg per day for 12 weeks of the treatment period. One hundred fourty nine cases who received @entity10129 were divided into the following two groups; 97 cases of the middle aged @entity1 under 59 years old (mean age of 49.5 years) and 62 cases of the elderly @entity1 more than 60 years old (mean age of 64.8 years). Average dose of @entity10129 at 12 weeks of treatment period was 4.8 mg in middle age and 5.8 mg in elderly group. The positive antihypertensive effect was observed in 82.2% in the middle aged @entity1 and in 83.6% in the elderly @entity1 ; there was no significant difference between the two groups. In each group, significant @entity551 was observed after the treatment, although no significant difference in the @entity551 in the treatment period was observed between the two age groups. The side effect was observed in 16 cases (16.5%) of the middle aged @entity1 and in 7 cases (11.3%) of the elderly @entity1 , but no significant difference in the incidence was observed. The significant deterioration of the clinical laboratory findings was not observed in both groups. The rate of usefulness (useful or above) was 74.7% in the middle aged @entity1 and 81.5% in the elderly @entity1 , and there was no significant difference between the two groups. These results indicate that a new long acting @entity460 entry blocker, @entity10129 , is effective and safe antihypertensive drug for the elderly as well as for the middle aged @entity1 .

title: [Age and efficacy of new long acting @entity460 blocker, @entity10129 , is essential XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity10129 :: ('MESH:D015737', 'Chemical') :: ['nisoldipine']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['fall of systolic and diastolic blood pressure', 'fall in blood pressure']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity594 :: ('MESH:D009543', 'Chemical') :: ['nifedipine']

entities_list: @entity2165 :: ('MESH:D001262', 'Chemical') :: ['atenolol']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertension']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5301 possesses cellular protection properties. The aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis that in situ expression of recombinant @entity1 @entity1307 (rhEPO) would improve tissue repair in @entity35 after @entity583 ( @entity583 ). METHODS AND RESULTS: RhEPO-producing cardiac fibroblasts were generated ex vivo by transduction with retroviral vector. The anti-apoptotic effect of rhEPO-producing fibroblasts was evaluated by co-culture with @entity35 neonatal cardiomyocytes exposed to @entity274 -induced oxidative stress. @entity13909 /PI assay and DAPI staining showed that compared with control, rhEPO forced expression markedly attenuated apoptosis and improved survival of cultured cardiomyocytes. To test the effect of rhEPO on the @entity1188 , @entity35 were subjected to permanent @entity1563 , and rhEPO-producing fibroblasts, non-transduced fibroblasts, or saline, were injected into the scar tissue seven days after @entity1188 . One month later, immunostaining identified rhEPO expression in the implanted engineered cells but not in controls. Compared with non-transduced fibroblasts or saline injection, implanted rhEPO-producing fibroblasts promoted vascularization in the scar, and prevented cell apoptosis. By two-dimensional echocardiography and postmortem morphometry, transplanted EPO-engineered fibroblasts did not prevent @entity1002 and adverse LV remodeling 5 and 9 weeks after @entity583 . CONCLUSION: In situ expression of rhEPO enhances vascularization and reduces cell apoptosis in the @entity1188 . However, local EPO therapy is insufficient for functional improvement after @entity583 in @entity35 .

title: Transplantation of genetically engineered cardiac fibroblasts producing recombinant @entity1 XXXX to repair the @entity1188 .

entities_list: @entity1563 :: ('MESH:D054059', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery occlusion']

entities_list: @entity1307 :: ('2056', 'Gene') :: ['erythropoietin']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarction', 'infarcted myocardium']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['rat', 'Sprague-Dawley rats']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'MI']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular (LV) dysfunction']

answer: @entity1307 :: (2056,Gene) :: ['erythropoietin']


abstract: Seventeen cases of familiar @entity1412 of the colon seen in the National Institute of Nutrition are reviewed. In 12 of the cases (70%) there were family histories of @entity1412 . Ten @entity1 (50%) developed @entity189 and of these 7 were located in the rectosigmoide. Ten @entity1 underwent total colectomy with abdominoperineal resection. Seven already had @entity189 at operation; 5 localized and with survival rates of more than 5 years without evidence of recurrence; the other 2 had distant metastasis at operation. Four @entity1 underwent colectomy with ileoproctoanastomosis. In 2 of these cases subsequent abdominoperineal resection was necessary; another died of recurrent @entity189 and the fourth is alive and asymptomatic. @entity1412 is an @entity74 of the autosomic dominant type with a tendency to develope malignant changes at an early age. The treatment of choice is colectomy; however, controversy exists as to whether or not the rectum should be conserved. Based on our results, and those of other authors, we feel that the treatment of choice is total colectomy with abdominoperineal resection, because of the high probability of malignant recurrence.

title: [ XXXX . Analysis of 17 cases].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1412 :: ('MESH:D011125', 'Disease') :: ['Familiar colonic polyposis', 'polyposis', 'colonic polyposis']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['hereditary disease']

answer: @entity1412 :: (MESH:D011125,Disease) :: ['Familial polyposis of the colon']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the pharmacokinetic profiles of temocaprilat and its @entity551 effect after single and repeated dosings of @entity29274 in young and elderly @entity101 @entity1 . METHODS: An angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, @entity29274 (2 mg), was given once daily for 8 days to nine young and ten elderly @entity101 @entity1 . Pharmacokinetics of @entity42471 , an active metabolite, and its @entity551 effect were evaluated after the first and last doses. RESULTS: The area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) of temocaprilat after the first dose was significantly greater in the elderly than in the young. This parameter was elevated after the final dose in both groups. The AUC (eighth dose)/AUC (first dose) ratio in the elderly was similar to that in the young. Blood pressure (BP) tended to decrease in the young and significantly decreased in the elderly after the first dose. The @entity551 effect was not enhanced after the final dose in either group. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that although plasma temocaprilat concentration rises during repeated dosing, its BP-lowering effect is not enhanced in the elderly. Therefore, if a remarkable BP reduction is not detected at the initiation of treatment, the risk of @entity551 episode might be small during long-term therapy with @entity29274 in elderly @entity101 @entity1 .

title: Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of XXXX during repeated dosing in elderly @entity101 @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity29274 :: ('MESH:C055603', 'Chemical') :: ['temocapril']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity42471 :: ('MESH:C069156', 'Chemical') :: ['temocaprilat']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotensive']

answer: @entity29274 :: (MESH:C055603,Chemical) :: ['temocapril']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: Liver transplantation (LTx) is recognized as the treatment of @entity157 ( @entity157 ) in @entity1 with @entity3851 . However, because of limited organ availability, not all those who qualify can benefit from full-size LTx. METHODOLOGY: Over a 28-month period, we transplanted 6 deceased donor split liver allografts in stable recipients with @entity157 and @entity82 . RESULTS: There were 5 @entity1 and one @entity1 with a median age of 60 years. Median waiting time to LTx was 82 days. Extended right split grafts (segments I, IV-VIII) were transplanted in 5 @entity1 . One @entity1 received a right split graft. In situ harvesting was performed in 4 instances and ex situ in the remaining 2. Median @entity63 time was 10 hours. Primary non-function was not observed. Median intensive care unit stay was 4 days. There were neither vascular nor biliary complications. The postoperative course was uneventful in half of the @entity1 . Two @entity1 were re-operated because of an abscess caused by a @entity409 in the marginal zone of segment IV. One @entity1 died for reasons unrelated to liver function or to the surgical intervention. The remaining 5 @entity1 are alive after a median follow-up of 20 months. CONCLUSIONS: Deceased donor split LTx constitutes an additional option for @entity1 with @entity157 and @entity82 . The potential risks of using "split livers" as well as the potential benefits of transplanting @entity1 unlikely to survive the waiting list period must be evaluated on an individual basis.

title: Split liver transplantation for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['cold ischemia']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver necrosis']

entities_list: @entity3851 :: ('MESH:D058625', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage liver failure']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'choice for small hepatocellular carcinomas']

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: Vasopeptidase inhibitors by definition inhibit both @entity1811 ( @entity1811 ) and @entity8123 ( @entity8123 ), therefore they may exceed the effect of @entity1811 inhibitors in the treatment of @entity101 . The present study investigated the effect of the vasopeptidase inhibitor @entity24781 in comparison to the @entity1811 inhibitor @entity3372 on systolic blood pressure (SBP) and endothelial function in @entity2792 . METHODS: @entity35 -Kyoto @entity35 with @entity2792 (two-kidney one-clamp-model) were randomized 2 weeks after unilateral clamping of the right renal artery for 3 weeks' oral treatment with either @entity24781 (30 mg/kg/day), @entity3372 (1 mg/kg/day) or placebo. SBP was measured by the tail-cuff method and endothelium-dependent and -independent vascular function was assessed in isolated preconstricted ( @entity1063 10(-7) mol/l) aortic rings as relaxation to @entity934 (10(-10)-10(-4) mol/l) and @entity1854 (10(-10)-10(-4) mol/l), respectively. RESULTS: Two weeks after clamping, SBP was significantly elevated (196 +/- 16 vs. 145 +/- 8 mm Hg for sham-operated @entity35 ; p < 0.01) and further increased in placebo-treated animals to 208 +/- 19 mm Hg. Treatment with @entity24781 and @entity3372 had a similar blood pressure-lowering effect (119 +/- 8 and 124 +/- 10 mm Hg, respectively; p < 0.01 vs. placebo). Maximum endothelium-dependent relaxation was reduced in @entity101 @entity35 (72 +/- 6 vs. 99 +/- 7% in control @entity35 ; p < 0.05). Endothelium-dependent relaxation was restored by @entity24781 (101 +/- 6%) and @entity3372 (94 +/- 8%), respectively, whereas endothelium-independent relaxation was comparable in all groups. CONCLUSION: In @entity2792 the vasopeptidase inhibitor @entity24781 exhibited similar blood pressure-lowering and endothelial protective properties as compared to the @entity1811 inhibitor @entity3372 . Therefore, in high renin models of @entity101 , vasopeptidase inhibition may be considered an alternative treatment option to @entity1811 inhibition.

title: Vasopeptidase inhibition normalizes blood pressure and restores endothelial function in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3372 :: ('MESH:D017257', 'Chemical') :: ['ramipril']

entities_list: @entity8123 :: ('24590(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['NEP', 'neutral endopeptidase']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity1854 :: ('MESH:D009599', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium nitroprusside']

entities_list: @entity2792 :: ('MESH:D006978', 'Disease') :: ['renovascular hypertension']

entities_list: @entity1811 :: ('24310(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['ACE', 'angiotensin-converting enzyme']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['norepinephrine']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity2792 :: (MESH:D006978,Disease) :: ['renovascular hypertension']


abstract: We studied 16 normotensive insulin-dependent @entity6 @entity1 (D) (11 males + 5 females) aged of 25-51 years old (mean = 35 +/- 6) with a good glycemic control, without @entity455 and previous @entity299 and 16 healthy control of 25 subjects (C) matched for sex age and body area. We measured: Systolic blood pressure (SBP) with a @entity349 sphygmomanometer, @entity2333 ( @entity2333 ), end diastolic left ventricular radius (r) and wall thickness (Th) by Echocardiography TM with 2 D echo control, the @entity245 ( @entity245 ) by measurement of time between the feet of aortic velocity tracings, recorded in the isthmus and near the diaphragm, Sternal length (L). Parameters calculated were: the ratio th/r. The pulse wave velocity @entity122 = L/ @entity245 and the ratio @entity122 / @entity2333 which represents an indirect index of aortic characteristic impedance. (table; see text) @entity122 and the radio Th/r are significantly increased in @entity6 @entity1 as compared to the control group. Th/r is not significantly correlated with @entity122 in the 2 groups. This lack of correlation could be explained in the control group by the small rang of values of @entity122 (5-7.3 ms-1) and Th/r (0.26-0.38). It is not the case in the @entity6 group where values are widespread ( @entity245 5-10 ms-1 and Th/r 0.23-0.53). IN CONCLUSION: in normotensive young insulin-dependent @entity6 @entity1 studied by doppler echocardiography: @entity2003 measured by the pulse wave velocity is increased. Th/r ratio is also increased but this change of left ventricular geometry is not related to @entity2003 in this group of @entity1 .

title: [Physical properties of the aorta in normotensive insulin-dependent XXXX subjects. Study using Doppler echocardiography].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['microangiopathy']

entities_list: @entity2003 :: ('MESH:D009127', 'Disease') :: ['aortic rigidity']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic']

entities_list: @entity349 :: ('MESH:D008628', 'Chemical') :: ['mercury']

entities_list: @entity245 :: ('MESH:D002658', 'Disease') :: ['PWD', 'pulse wave delay']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart disease']

entities_list: @entity2333 :: ('MESH:D001018', 'Disease') :: ['aortic diameter', 'AD']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetic']


abstract: Sixty-three @entity1 with severe @entity9231 @entity311 were randomly administered one of the two regimens of a sequential combination of @entity506 suppository followed by an oral @entity8775 tablet. Thirty-two @entity1 received artesunate suppositories (200 mg/capsule) given rectally at 0, 4, 8, 12, 24, 36, 48, and 60 hr (total = 1,600 mg: Group I). Thirty-one @entity1 received the same artesunate suppositories given rectally at 0, 12, 24, 36, 48, and 60 hr (total = 1,200 mg: Group II). Both regimens were followed by two doses of oral @entity8775 , 750 mg given at 72 hr and 500 mg at 84 hr. @entity1 baseline characteristics were comparable in the two groups. All @entity1 were admitted for 28 days to the Bangkok Hospital for @entity66 to assess efficacy, tolerability, and delayed @entity146 effects. The mean [SD] parasite clearance time was significantly shorter in Group I than Group II (47.3 [12.4] hr versus 55.3 [17.4] hr; P = 0.05) and the rate of parasite reduction was significantly faster in Group I (P = 0.05, by log-rank test). Mean [SD] fever clearance times were similar in the two Groups (71.1 [41.2] hr and 76.9 [47.9] hr, respectively). Twenty-two @entity1 with unrousable @entity772 on admission (median Glasgow Coma Score = 9) regained consciousness after 1-4 days. No @entity204 occurred. Sixty of sixty-three @entity1 were parasitologically and clinically cured within 3-4 days of treatment. Three @entity1 (5%) with deteriorating conditions required rescue treatment (one @entity1 in Group I was administered intravenous artesunate, and two @entity1 in Group II required two extra doses of suppository). No @entity1 had major adverse drug effects. The cure rates at 28 days of follow-up in Group I were 96% (26 of 27 @entity1 ) and 89% (24 of 27 @entity1 ) in Group II. @entity506 suppository followed by @entity8775 was well tolerated and effective. In severe @entity311 , the sequential treatment is a suitable alternative treatment to parenteral drugs. Further studies in a larger number of @entity1 under field conditions are required.

title: A comparative clinical trial of sequential treatments of severe XXXX with artesunate suppository followed by @entity8775 in Thailand.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['Tropical Diseases']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['neuropsychiatric']

entities_list: @entity8775 :: ('MESH:D015767', 'Chemical') :: ['mefloquine']

entities_list: @entity9231 :: ('MESH:D016778', 'Disease') :: ['falciparum']

entities_list: @entity506 :: ('MESH:C039726', 'Chemical') :: ['artesunate', 'Artesunate']

answer: @entity311 :: (MESH:D008288,Disease) :: ['malaria']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We have previously studied prospective associations between computer use and @entity146 in a selected young adult population. The purpose of this study was to investigate if high computer use is a prospective risk factor for developing @entity146 in a population-based sample of young adults. METHODS: The study group was a cohort of young adults (n = 4163), 20-24 years old, who responded to a questionnaire at baseline and 1-year follow-up. Exposure variables included time spent on computer use (CU) in general, email/ @entity4268 use, computer gaming, CU without breaks, and CU at night causing lost sleep. Mental health outcomes included perceived stress, @entity25 , symptoms of @entity308 , and reduced performance due to stress, depressed mood, or tiredness. Prevalence ratios (PRs) were calculated for prospective associations between exposure variables at baseline and mental health outcomes (new cases) at 1-year follow-up for the @entity1 and @entity1 separately. RESULTS: Both high and medium computer use compared to low computer use at baseline were associated with @entity25 in the @entity1 at follow-up. High email/ @entity4268 use was negatively associated with perceived stress, but positively associated with reported @entity25 for the @entity1 . For the @entity1 , high email/ @entity4268 use was (positively) associated with several mental health outcomes, while medium computer gaming was associated with symptoms of @entity308 , and CU without breaks with most mental health outcomes. CU causing lost sleep was associated with mental health outcomes for both @entity1 and @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Time spent on general computer use was prospectively associated with @entity25 and reduced performance for the @entity1 . For the @entity1 , using the computer without breaks was a risk factor for several mental health outcomes. Some associations were enhanced in interaction with mobile phone use. Using the computer at night and consequently losing sleep was associated with most mental health outcomes for both @entity1 and @entity1 . Further studies should focus on mechanisms relating @entity497 ( @entity497 ) use to @entity25 .

title: Computer use and stress, @entity25 , and symptoms of XXXX among young adults--a prospective cohort study.

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['mental health symptoms']

entities_list: @entity497 :: ('MESH:D003147', 'Disease') :: ['information and communication technology', 'ICT']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['sleep disturbances']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['depression']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: In this study hypothesing the translocation of oral bacteria from oropharynx into the middle ear cavity may be involved in the pathogenesis of @entity2346 media with effusion (OME), we aimed to investigate the presence and similarity of @entity8209 and @entity14148 in saliva, nasopharyngeal secretion and the @entity2171 samples from the @entity1 with OME. METHODS: Totally 20 @entity1 with OME undergoing myringotomy and ventilation tube placement were attended. Stimulated saliva samples were collected after otorhinolaryngological and oral examinations were done. The @entity2171 and nasopharyngeal secretions were collected during the operations. The presence of @entity8209 and @entity14148 were detected using 16SrRNA-based PCR. The clonal similarities of the bacteria were detected in the samples which the same bacteria had been detected in each samples of the same @entity1 . After DNA sequencing, clonal similarity was determined by 16SrRNA gene clone library analysis. The sequences from each clone were compared with similar sequences of reference organisms by FASTA search. RESULTS: @entity14148 was detected only in four (20%) saliva and in one (5%) nasopharyngeal sample. @entity8209 was detected in 11 (55%) saliva, eight (40%) nasopharyngeal and six (30%) @entity2171 samples. Sequences from @entity8209 clones derived from three different anatomic sites within @entity1 were similar in 33% of OME @entity1 , indicating their genetic relatedness. CONCLUSIONS: Bacteria involved in this process most likely originate from the oropharynx since they show a close genetic relatedness with their oropharyngeal counterparts.

title: Relationship between oral anaerobic bacteria and XXXX media with effusion.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['child', 'children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity8209 :: ('851', 'Species') :: ['F.nucleatum', 'F. nucleatum', 'Fusobacterium nucleatum']

entities_list: @entity14148 :: ('158', 'Species') :: ['T. denticola', 'Treponema denticola']

entities_list: @entity2171 :: ('MESH:D010034', 'Disease') :: ['middle ear effusion']

answer: @entity2346 :: (MESH:D010031,Disease) :: ['otitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The @entity5 remains unknown in approximately 3 to 9% of @entity1 with lymph node @entity3 in the neck. Management of these @entity1 is still controversial particularly because of the commonly as poor assessed prognosis. The treatment outcome was surveyed by a retrospective analysis, trying to identify prognostic factors. @entity1 AND METHODS: From 1979 through 1993, 64 @entity1 with metastatic @entity5 involving neck lymph nodes were treated. Most of them (n = 40) were @entity957 . Forty-eight @entity1 underwent surgical resection of the involved nodes by neck dissection or excisional biopsy. Surgery was performed in 41 @entity1 before and in 7 @entity1 after radiotherapy. Additional chemotherapy was administered to 12 @entity1 (simultaneously to 11 @entity1 ). The irradiated volume included both sides of the neck, the supraclavicular region and the whole pharynx. The mean radiation dose was 59 Gy. In 32 @entity1 , an additional boost to epipharynx (n = 23) and/or large lymph nodes (n = 11) was given (mean: 12 Gy) by external beam therapy, in 2 cases by interstitial implants (22 Gy). Mean follow-up time was 8 years (range: 7 months to 15 years, median: 9 years). RESULTS: Fifty-two out of 64 (81.2%) @entity1 came into a complete remission and 12 into a partial remission. The cause specific survival after 5 years for the whole group was 51.0 +/- 7%, the overall survival 38.8 +/- 7%. Within the irradiated area the @entity5 control was 68.3 +/- 7%, the distant metastatic-free survival 70.0 +/- 7%. Best results showed @entity1 after surgery+radiation (n = 48) with 67% overall survival at 5 years versus 0% (median: 9.2 months) without surgery (n = 16), and @entity1 with lymph nodes located above the glottic level (n = 49) 63.2% versus 9.0% (median: 1.2 years, n = 12). The @entity5 appeared in 9 @entity1 (4 times above the clavicles), once in the irradiated volume. CONCLUSION: @entity1 with cervical @entity3 of unknown primaries do not fare worse than @entity1 with advanced @entity189 of @entity135 and should be treated with a curative intent preferably by surgery and radiotherapy.

title: [Therapy pf cervical lymph node @entity3 of unknown XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'carcinoma of unknown primary tumor', 'primary tumor']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['primary tumor']


abstract: Over a six-year period, 130 @entity1 with medically intractable @entity302 were assessed for possible surgical treatment. Initial assessment comprised full neurological and neuropsychological examination, computed tomographic and magnetic resonance imaging brain scanning, and simultaneous video and surface plus sphenoidal electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings of typical @entity410 . Forty-one @entity1 (32%) underwent further video and EEG recordings of their @entity410 with depth (intracerebral) or strip (subdural) electrodes. After these assessments 46 @entity1 (35%) underwent surgery, and follow-up for six months to six years is reported in 41 @entity1 . Of 30 @entity1 who underwent temporal lobe surgery, 21 (70%) are free of @entity410 and four have had significant @entity410 reduction, meaning that 83% benefited from surgery. Optimal results were obtained for complex partial @entity410 when depth electrode recordings were obtained and when abnormal tissue was removed. Six extratemporal resections abolished @entity410 in two @entity1 , and four others showed worthwhile improvement. Five @entity1 underwent @entity6789 , resulting in a worthwhile improvement in three and modest improvement in two @entity1 . No deaths or major complications occurred. It is concluded that surgical intervention can be beneficial for up to 30% of @entity1 with medically intractable @entity302 , and referral of these @entity1 to an appropriate institution is encouraged.

title: Surgery for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'seizures']

entities_list: @entity6789 :: ('MESH:D061085', 'Disease') :: ['corpus callosotomy']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy']

answer: @entity302 :: (MESH:D004827,Disease) :: ['refractory epilepsy']


abstract: Agitation, @entity716 features, and @entity308 are common behavioral complications seen in @entity1 with @entity195 ( @entity195 ). Agitation tends to be common and persistent in these @entity1 , while @entity716 features are less common and moderately persistent over time. Depressed mood with vegetative signs is uncommon and usually does not persist. The limited data available from controlled trials suggest that neuroleptics should be the first choice for the treatment of @entity716 features and @entity2146 . Anticonvulsants like @entity1092 and @entity1245 can be used to treat @entity2146 in the absence of @entity716 features. @entity3346 and @entity2492 are effective hypnotics, and @entity5633 may treat @entity148 . Selective @entity750 reuptake inhibitors should be the first choice for persistent @entity308 mood. Low doses of psychotropic medication are indicated, particularly for neuroleptics and @entity1245 . Specific target symptoms and potential side effects should be identified and monitored during treatment. Drug interactions can be a problem, and the use of multiple psychotropic medications is discouraged because of the potential for neurologic @entity137 . To avoid long-term side effects and unnecessary treatment for symptoms that may be transient, periodic attempts should be made to taper or discontinue the psychotropic medication.

title: Behavioral complications and their treatment in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3346 :: ('MESH:D014196', 'Chemical') :: ['Trazodone']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression', 'depressed']

entities_list: @entity5633 :: ('MESH:D002065', 'Chemical') :: ['buspirone']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity1092 :: ('MESH:D014635', 'Chemical') :: ['valproate']

entities_list: @entity1245 :: ('MESH:D001569', 'Chemical') :: ['benzodiazepines']

entities_list: @entity2146 :: ('MESH:D011595', 'Disease') :: ['agitation']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychotic']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['serotonin']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['AD', "Alzheimer's disease"]

entities_list: @entity2492 :: ('MESH:C049109', 'Chemical') :: ['zolpidem']

answer: @entity195 :: (MESH:D000544,Disease) :: ['Alzheimer's disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Treatment of @entity508 feet is challenging, especially in @entity1 with severe and @entity2003 . The available techniques do provide some correction but not at the site of the deformity and sometimes the correction is lost over time. We describe a new surgical approach at the site of the deformity. TECHNIQUE: Indications for the surgery included adolescents or young adults with severe and @entity2003 of the feet resulting from @entity306 . Through a medial approach, arthrodesis of the talonavicular, navicular-medial cuneiform, and medial cuneiform first metatarsal joints was internally fixed using a single-molded plate over the plantar surface of the foot, recreating the longitudinal arch. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 21 @entity1 (35 feet) with @entity306 in whom the new technique was indicated for severe and @entity2003 , @entity426 , and @entity158 (mean age, 190 months; range, 96-345 months). The mean age of the @entity1 was 16 years (range, 8-29 years). We analyzed the @entity1 clinically and radiographically. The minimum followup was 2.5 years (mean, 58 months; range, 2.5-7.5 years). RESULTS: At last followup, 34 of the 35 feet (97%) had radiographic improvement of the deformity with no difficulties wearing shoes; one @entity1 had persistent @entity158 despite bone union. Union was achieved initially in eight @entity1 (17 feet) and in another eight (10 feet) after revision surgery, of 27 of the 35 feet. The radiographic calcaneal inclination angle improved an average of 13  . The lateral talocalcaneal angle decreased from a mean of 43   to 26   after surgery. Four @entity1 (five feet) had revision surgery for @entity1516 , and another four @entity1 (five feet) had revision surgery for other problems. CONCLUSIONS: Based on our preliminary observations, we believe stabilization of the medial column is a reasonable option for treating selected @entity1 with severe and rigid planovalgus feet by providing a stable and @entity158 -free foot, recreating the anatomy, and allowing the use of braces or regular shoes. Further studies with longer followup periods will be required to confirm these initial results and to verify if these findings persist over time. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level IV, case series. See Guidelines for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.

title: Surgical technique: Medial column arthrodesis in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2003 :: ('MESH:D009127', 'Disease') :: ['rigid deformity', 'rigid deformities', 'rigid planovalgus deformities']

entities_list: @entity1516 :: ('MESH:D011542', 'Disease') :: ['pseudoarthrosis']

entities_list: @entity508 :: ('MESH:D009128', 'Disease') :: ['spastic planovalgus']

entities_list: @entity426 :: ('MESH:D020233', 'Disease') :: ['gait dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity306 :: ('MESH:D002547', 'Disease') :: ['spastic cerebral palsy', 'cerebral palsy']

answer: @entity2003 :: (MESH:D009127,Disease) :: ['rigid spastic planovalgus feet']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity548 is a rare, but challenging condition, associated with high mortality if not managed appropriately. The preoperative diagnosis is difficult, despite the recent advances in imaging. We present the clinical manifestations of this condition, as well as the available diagnostic and therapeutic modalities. PRESENTATION OF CASE: We report a case of a spontaneously ruptured dissecting @entity439 of the middle colic artery, which was managed with an emergency laparotomy and aneurysmatectomy. Interestingly, no evidence of @entity1333 , @entity1413 was discovered during the histopathology examination of the specimen. DISCUSSION: The treatment of @entity548 revolves around @entity1 resuscitation and management of the source of @entity548 . In case of a @entity1756 of the middle colic artery, the surgical management includes emergency laparotomy, arterial ligation and resection of the @entity439 . Transarterial embolisation has been suggested as a safe and less invasive alternative approach. CONCLUSION: A @entity438 should be included in the differential diagnosis of any unexplained @entity548 . Aneurysmatectomy is the treatment of choice, with radiologic interventional techniques gaining ground in the management of this entity.

title: Idiopathic spontaneous haemoperitoneum due to a XXXX .

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding', 'intra-abdominal haemorrhage', 'Idiopathic spontaneous intra-abdominal haemorrhage', 'idiopathic spontaneous intra-abdominal haemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity1333 :: ('MESH:D014657', 'Disease') :: ['vasculitis']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['ruptured middle colic artery aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity1413 :: ('MESH:D003095', 'Disease') :: ['infection or collagen disease']

entities_list: @entity1756 :: ('MESH:D017542', 'Disease') :: ['ruptured aneurysm']

answer: @entity438 :: (MESH:D002532,Disease) :: ['ruptured middle colic artery aneurysm']


abstract: @entity99 ( @entity99 ) chemotherapy is accepted to be an option in @entity1 with non-resectable metastases from @entity14 confined to the liver. In a multi-istitutional trial, 76 @entity1 were randomly assigned to receive @entity99 versus @entity99 plus systemic bolus @entity1487 and @entity4181 . The primary endpoint was survival, followed by response, recurrence and @entity137 . Survival was longer for @entity99 plus systemic chemotherapy ( @entity99 +SYC) than @entity99 (median, 20 vs. 14 months; p = 0.0033), as were responses (47.5% and 41.7%; p = 0.09) and time to hepatic progression (12 vs. 8 months; p = 0.039). Side effects included haematological @entity137 that was mostly mild and reversible in 432 cases. @entity1398 grade 3 occurred in four @entity1 in the @entity99 +SYC arm and one in the @entity99 arm. @entity294 occurred in 20% and 7% of @entity1 and @entity3136 occurred in 18% and 2%, respectively. On the contrary biliary @entity137 was significant; twelve @entity1 had evidence of @entity648 elevations of more than 3 mg/dl (six in each arm), and two had asymptomatic arterial biliary-tree fistulae: one in the @entity99 +SYC arm and one in the @entity99 arm. Grade 3 elevation in alkaline phosphatase and aminotransferase levels occurred in 26% and 24%, respectively. In conclusion, the combination of @entity99 +SYC is active and safe showing a clinical advantage with respect to simple @entity99 , increasing overall survival, response rate and time to progression.

title: Hepatic arterial chemotherapy in combination with systemic chemotherapy compared with hepatic arterial chemotherapy alone for liver metastases from XXXX : results of a multi-centric randomized study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4181 :: ('MESH:D002955', 'Chemical') :: ['leucovorin']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity3136 :: ('MESH:D013280', 'Disease') :: ['stomatitis']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['Diarrhoea']

entities_list: @entity648 :: ('MESH:D001663', 'Chemical') :: ['bilirubin']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['Neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['HAI', 'Hepatic arterial infusion']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['5-fluorouracil']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In recent years, maintenance chemotherapy is increasingly being recognized as a new treatment strategy to improve the outcome of advanced @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ). However, the optimal maintenance strategy is still controversial. @entity136 is a promising candidate for single-agent maintenance therapy because of @entity137 and good tolerability. We have conducted a randomized phase II study to evaluate the validity of single-agent maintenance chemotherapy of @entity136 and to compare continuation- and switch-maintenance. METHODS: Chemona  ve @entity1 with stage IIIB/IV @entity1149 were randomly assigned 1:1 to either arm A or B. @entity1 received @entity1311 (200 mg/m2, day 1) plus @entity3003 (AUC 6 mg/mL/min, day 1) every 3 weeks in arm A, or @entity136 (1000 mg/m2, days 1 and 8) plus @entity3003 (AUC 5 mg/mL/min, day1) every 3 weeks in arm B. Non-progressive @entity1 following 3 cycles of induction chemotherapy received maintenance @entity136 (1000 mg/m2, days 1 and 8) every 3 weeks. ( TRIAL REGISTRATION: UMIN000008252) RESULTS: The study was stopped because of delayed accrual at interim analysis. Of the randomly assigned 50 @entity1 , 49 except for one in arm B were evaluable. Median progression-free survival (PFS) was 4.6 months for arm A vs. 3.5 months for arm B (HR   =   1.03; 95% CI, 0.45-2.27; p   =   0.95) and median overall survival (OS) was 15.0 months for arm A vs. 14.8 months for arm B (HR = 0.79; 95% CI, 0.40-1.51; p   =   0.60), showing no difference between the two arms. The response rate, disease control rate, and the transit rate to maintenance phase were 36.0% (9/25), 64.0% (16/25), and 48% (12/25) for arm A vs. 16.7% (4/24), 50.0% (12/24), and 33% (8/24) for arm B, which were also statistically similar between the two arms (p   =   0.13, p   =   0.32, and p   =   0.30, respectively). Both induction regimens were tolerable, except that more @entity1 experienced @entity1897 in arm A. @entity137 during the maintenance phase were also minimal. CONCLUSION: Survival and overall response were not significantly different between the two arms. @entity136 may be well-tolerable and feasible for maintenance therapy.

title: Randomized Phase II trial of @entity1311 and @entity3003 followed by @entity136 switch-maintenance therapy versus XXXX and @entity3003 followed by @entity136 continuation-maintenance therapy in previously untreated advanced @entity1149 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['little toxicity', 'Toxicities']

entities_list: @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['carboplatin']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['Gemcitabine', 'gemcitabine']

answer: @entity136 :: (MESH:C056507,Chemical) :: ['gemcitabine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1255 and advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), which accumulate in @entity740 ( @entity740 ), are recently proposed cardiovascular risk factors. In this study, we evaluated the association between changes in calculated intima media (cIM) area of the common carotid artery during the first year of dialysis therapy and plasma total @entity1255 (tHcy) level as well as circulating AGEs such as plasma @entity23032 level. METHODS: We studied 63 @entity740 @entity1 (38 males) aged 52 +/- 12 years at a time-point close to start of dialysis treatment and after 12 months of dialysis treatment (41 on peritoneal and 22 on hemodialysis). The tHcy and plasma @entity23032 levels were measured by HPLC. Change in cIM area was evaluated by non-invasive B mode ultrasonography. @entity3147 was assessed by subjective global assessment (SGA). RESULTS: At basal, 70% of the @entity1 had carotid plaques, 32% had symptomatic CVD, 38% had @entity3147 , 30% had @entity32 (CRP > or = 1 mg/dl) and 23% had @entity6 , respectively. At baseline, the mean plasma @entity23032 levels were similar in the @entity1 with and without carotid plaques (36 +/- 21 vs 36 +/- 19 pmol/mg albumin, respectively), whereas the median plasma tHcy was significantly lower in the @entity1 with carotid plaques than in the @entity1 without carotid plaques (32 +/- 21 vs 52 +/- 42 pmol/l, p < 0.01, respectively). The prevalence of @entity3562 (tHcy level > 13.7 micromol/l) was 95%. In univariate analysis, the change in cIM area during the first year of dialysis was significantly correlated with basal plasma @entity23032 level (p = 0.31, p = 0.01), but not with basal tHcy (p = -0.11). However, neither @entity23032 nor tHcy levels were correlated with cIM area at basal or at 12 months. In a stepwise multiple regression model, age and plasma @entity23032 content, but not the tHcy level, associated with changes in the cIM area. CONCLUSION: Progression of @entity731 , as indicated by changes in carotid intima-media area during the course of dialysis treatment, was associated with @entity23032 , but not with tHcy, levels at baseline in these @entity740 @entity1 . This suggests that the accumulation of AGEs in @entity740 @entity1 may have a role in the pathogenesis of CVD in these @entity1 . Since almost all @entity740 @entity1 have @entity3562 , this finding, however, does not exclude a role ofhomocysteine as a risk factor for CVD in @entity740 @entity1 .

title: Plasma XXXX and total @entity1255 levels in relation to change in common carotid intima-media area in the first year of dialysis therapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity23032 :: ('CHEBI:59951', 'Chemical') :: ['pentosidine']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity1255 :: ('MESH:D006710', 'Chemical') :: ['homocysteine', 'Homocysteine']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['CKD', 'chronic kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity3147 :: ('MESH:D044342', 'Disease') :: ['Malnutrition', 'malnutrition']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity3562 :: ('MESH:D020138', 'Disease') :: ['hyperhomocysteinemia']

answer: @entity23032 :: (CHEBI:59951,Chemical) :: ['pentosidine']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe the duration of @entity162 major and minor @entity308 and factors associated with time to recovery. METHOD: As part of the National Institute of Mental Health Collaborative Depression Study, 219 @entity1 with @entity162 based on Research Diagnostic Criteria analogs to DSM-IV-TR criteria were recruited at 5 academic medical centers from 1978 to 1981 and followed for up to 25 years with the Longitudinal Interval Follow-Up Evaluation. The probability of recovery over time from @entity308 , the primary outcome measure, was examined with mixed-effects grouped-time survival models. RESULTS: The median duration of major @entity308 was 14 weeks, and over 70% of @entity1 recovered within 12 months of episode onset. The median duration of minor @entity308 was 8 weeks, and approximately 90% of @entity1 recovered within 6 months of onset of the episode. Aggregated data demonstrated similar durations of the first 3 major @entity308 . However, for each @entity1 with multiple episodes of @entity308 or minor @entity308 , the duration of each episode was not consistent (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.07 and 0.25 for major and minor @entity308 , respectively). The total number of years in episode over follow-up with major plus minor @entity308 prior to onset of a major @entity308 was significantly associated with a decreased probability of recovery from that episode; with each additional year, the likelihood of recovery was reduced by 7% (hazard ratio = 0.93; 95% CI, 0.89-0.98; P = .002). CONCLUSIONS: Bipolar I @entity308 generally lasts longer than minor @entity308 , and the duration of multiple episodes within an individual varies. However, the probability of recovery over time from an episode of @entity308 appears to decline with each successive episode.

title: Recovery from multiple episodes of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'participant']

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['bipolar I', 'bipolar I disorder']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive episodes', 'depression', 'major depression', 'depressive episode']

answer: @entity162 :: (MESH:D001714,Disease) :: ['bipolar I depression']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6 ( @entity6 ) with the presence of @entity209 ( @entity209 ) carries increased risk for @entity65 . Adjunctive exenatide treatment in @entity1 with @entity6 is associated with improvements in glycemic control coupled with progressive @entity353 . We evaluated exenatide use on glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA(1c)) and cardiometabolic risk factors in @entity1 with @entity6 and @entity209 in a single clinical practice setting. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of clinical data extracted from the records of 176 adult @entity1 with @entity6 and @entity209 (106 @entity1 , 70 @entity1 ) who received exenatide along with existing therapeutic regimes from 2005 to 2007 was performed. HbA(1c), lipid profiles, blood pressure, and anthropometric measures were evaluated at baseline and after 16 (+/-4) weeks of exenatide therapy. RESULTS: Mean HbA(1c) was significantly reduced from baseline in 16 weeks (P < 0.001), with 68% of @entity1 achieving HbA(1c) <7%. Total, high-density lipoprotein-, and low-density lipoprotein- @entity165 levels decreased significantly. This decline was not attributable to changes in lipid-lowering agents. Significant reductions were also noted in body mass index, mean body weight, and abdominal girth (AG) with the addition of exenatide. Additional analyses showed 76% of subjects lost weight. Lessening of AG was much more pronounced in female compared with male subjects with @entity6 (P < 0.032). No consistent changes in blood pressure were observed. CONCLUSIONS: We found that addition of exenatide to an existing treatment regimen in @entity1 with @entity6 and @entity209 resulted in significant reductions in HbA(1c) along with decline in lipids, AG, and body weight. This indicates improvement in these @entity1 ' metabolic profiles.

title: Improved glycemic control and reduction of cardiometabolic risk factors in subjects with type 2 XXXX and @entity209 treated with exenatide in a clinical practice setting.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight reduction']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes', 'T2DM', 'Type 2 diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic syndrome', 'MetS']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']


abstract: The four species, each represented by two strains, all produced high levels of fissure caries in the upper and lower jaws of gnotobiotic Fisher @entity35 . @entity6586 rattus strains and @entity6586 NCTC 10832 gave low levels of approximal caries, whereas @entity6586 cricetus, @entity6586 sobrinus and Strep. mutans @entity6586 gave high levels. The only strains to produce buccal surface lesions were Strep. sobrinus and Strep. cricetus. All strains were able to form dense plaque in the central fissure of the second molar. Strep. cricetus, Strep. rattus and Strep. sobrinus strains were capable of producing smooth-surface plaque. This difference in plaque-forming ability did not correlate precisely with differences in cariogenicity, and such differences occurred between strains of the same species.

title: Comparative cariogenicity and dental plaque-forming ability in gnotobiotic XXXX of four species of mutans streptococci.

entities_list: @entity6586 :: ('1309', 'Species') :: ['NCTC 10449', 'Streptococcus mutans', 'Streptococcus']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: The re-emergence of @entity2040 has given rise to ubiquitous concentrations of the primary control agent @entity211 ( @entity212 ) in the environment, especially in the surface waters of China. In this study, the effects of environmentally relevant concentrations of @entity212 , namely, 0.0002, 0.002, 0.02, 0.2, and 2  mol/L on survival, age at first reproduction, fecundity, length of mothers, and number of molts of Daphnia magna were studied over three generations. The survival of D. magna exposed to 2  mol/L was significantly affected in the three generations. @entity137 effects were enhanced in later generations. Age at first reproduction of F1 and F2 D. magna was significantly slower than that of the controls. The total number of offspring per female exposed to concentrations of 0.002  mol/L or greater was less (23.5 to 67.6, 9.4 to 73.7, and 3.6 to 83.7%) than that of the controls in the F0, F1, and F2 generations, respectively. The body length of mothers significantly decreased (4.7 to 6.8, 9.6 to 15.1, and 13.3 to 23.2%) after exposure to 0.002  mol/L or greater than those of unexposed individuals in the F0, F1, and F2 generations, respectively. Dose-response relationships between concentrations of @entity212 and length and number of molts of D. magna were observed in the F0 to F2 generations. @entity212 concentrations on the surface waters of China caused adverse effects to D. magna, which increased over successive generations. Significant effects were observed in the third generation. The multigenerational studies were more sensitive than the single-generation experiments. Thus, multigenerational exposure may be more predictive of chronic exposure under field conditions.

title: Effects of multigenerational exposures of D. magna to environmentally relevant concentrations of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity211 :: ('MESH:D010416', 'Chemical') :: ['pentachlorophenol']

entities_list: @entity2040 :: ('MESH:D012552', 'Disease') :: ['schistosomiasis']

answer: @entity211 :: (MESH:D010416,Chemical) :: ['pentachlorophenol']


abstract: BACKGROUND: There is a large mortality gap between @entity1 with a nonaffective @entity914 and those in the general population, is associated with both natural and nonnatural @entity204 causes. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to assess whether mortality risks vary for different causes of @entity204 according to the duration since diagnosis and age in a large sample of @entity1 with nonaffective @entity914 . METHODS: Data of @entity1 with nonaffective @entity914 (n = 12,580) from 3 Dutch @entity146 registers were linked to the cause of @entity204 register of Statistics Netherlands and compared with personally matched controls (n = 124,143) from the population register. @entity204 rates were analyzed by duration since the date of the registered diagnosis of the (matched) @entity1 and their age using a Poisson model. RESULTS: Among @entity1 , the rates of all-cause @entity204 decreased with @entity221 . This was explained by lower suicide rates. For example, among those between 40 and 60 years of age, the rate ratios (RR) of suicide during 2-5 and > 5 years were 0.52 and 0.46 (p = 0.002), respectively, when compared with the early years after diagnosis. Compared with controls, @entity1 experienced higher rates of @entity204 causes during all stages and in all age categories, rate ratios 2.35-5.04; p < 0.001-0.025. There was no increase in these rate ratios with increasing duration or increasing age for @entity1 when compared with controls. CONCLUSIONS: The high risk of @entity204 causes among @entity1 with nonaffective @entity914 is already present at a comparatively young age. This suggests caution in blaming antipsychotics or the accumulating effects of adverse lifestyle factors for @entity204 . It is better to proactively monitor and treat somatic problems from the earliest disease stages onward.

title: Cause-specific mortality among XXXX with psychosis: disentangling the effects of age and illness duration.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

entities_list: @entity914 :: ('MESH:D011618', 'Disease') :: ['psychotic disorder']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['Death', 'natural death', 'death', 'premature death']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['longer illness duration']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Despite growing research interest in spirituality and health, and recommendations on the importance of spiritual care in @entity5 and palliative care, relationships between spiritual belief and @entity204 remain unclear. We investigated (i) relationships between strength of spiritual beliefs and @entity148 and @entity308 , intake of psychotropic/analgesic medications and survival in @entity1 with @entity1442 ; and (ii) whether the strength of spiritual belief changes as @entity204 approaches. METHODS: We conducted a prospective cohort study of 170 @entity1 receiving palliative care at home, 97% of whom had a diagnosis of @entity5 . Data on strength of spiritual beliefs (Beliefs and Values Scale [BVS]), @entity148 and @entity308 (Hospital Anxiety and @entity308 Scale [HADS]), psychotropic/analgesic medications, daily functioning, global health and social support were collected at recruitment then 3 and 10 weeks later. Mortality data were collected up to 34 months after the first @entity1 was recruited. RESULTS: Regression analysis showed a slight increase in strength of spiritual belief over time approaching statistical significance (+0.16 BVS points per week, 95% CI [-0.01, 0.33], p = 0.073). Belief was unrelated to @entity148 and @entity308 (-0.15 points decrease in HADS for 10 points increased in BVS (95% CI [-0.57, 0.27], p = 0.49) or consumption of psychotropic medication). There was a non-significant trend for decreasing analgesic prescription with increasing belief. Mortality was higher over 6 months in @entity1 with lower belief at recruitment. CONCLUSION: Results suggest that although religious and spiritual beliefs might increase marginally as @entity204 approaches, they do not affect levels of @entity148 or @entity308 in @entity1 with @entity5 .

title: Spiritual beliefs near the end of life: a prospective cohort study of XXXX with @entity5 receiving palliative care.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['advanced cancer']

entities_list: @entity1442 :: ('MESH:D020178', 'Disease') :: ['advanced disease']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['psychological health near death', 'death']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['people']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity384 is an efficacious and safe alternative to surgery as treatment of short intestinal strictures in @entity30 ( @entity30 ). Factors predicting outcome of the procedure are not well described. AIM: To evaluate whether smoking at diagnosis, treatment with @entity500 , or other clinical variables may affect clinical outcome after @entity384 . The endpoint was requirement of a new intervention such as dilation or surgery with intestinal resection or strictureplasty. METHODS: Retrospective study of 83 @entity1 with @entity30 who underwent @entity384 of an @entity1944 between 1987 and 2009. RESULTS: After index dilation 55/83 @entity1 underwent a new intervention. Among current smokers, 31/32 (97%) underwent another intervention compared to 18/33 (55%) among never smokers (adjusted HR: 2.50, 95% CI: 1.14-5.50, P = 0.022). After 5 years, cumulative probability of new intervention was 0.81 in smokers compared to 0.52 in never smokers; difference 0.29 (95% CI: 0.07-0.52, P = 0.01). In 16 @entity1 , therapy with @entity500 was initiated before or shortly after the index dilation; 7/16 underwent a new intervention compared to 48/67 of those without @entity500 (HR: 0.46, 95% CI: 0.21-1.03, P = 0.06). After adjustment for other variables, the association was even weaker (HR: 0.80, 95% CI: 0.29-2.18, P = 0.668). Sex, age at diagnosis, age at first dilation, balloon size, location of stricture, and treatment period did not influence outcome. CONCLUSIONS: Smoking doubles the risk of recurrent stricture formation requiring a new intervention after index dilation. Maintenance therapy with @entity500 did not influence the subsequent course and need for a new intervention.

title: Smoking is a risk factor for recurrence of @entity1944 after @entity384 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1944 :: ('MESH:D007410', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal stricture']

entities_list: @entity500 :: ('MESH:D001379', 'Chemical') :: ['azathioprine']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['endoscopic dilation', 'Endoscopic balloon dilation', 'endoscopic balloon dilation']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ['CD', "Crohn's disease"]

answer: @entity30 :: (MESH:D003424,Disease) :: ['Crohn's disease']


abstract: There is low evidence on the possible efficacy of exercises to treat @entity2112 , graded @entity2031 by the existing Italian Guidelines. Our aim was to verify if exercises quality has an effect on results. DESIGN: Prospective controlled study on @entity2112 @entity1 that performed only exercises to avoid progression. TREATMENT: SEAS Group make exercises according to the protocol SEAS.02 (Scientific Exercises Approach to Scoliosis, version 2002). The CONT Group performed exercises at a local structure according to different protocols preferred by the treating therapists. Population. SEAS: 48 @entity1 (37 females), 12.5+/-2.2 years, 15.1 degrees +/-5.7 degrees Cobb (degrees C), 9.0 degrees +/-3.3 degrees Bunnell (degrees B). The difference in the number of braced @entity1 within the first year has been almost statistically significant (P=0.07): 1 in SEAS vs. 5 in CONT. Cobb degrees improved with treatment (P<0.05) only in the SEAS group. Clinical results (variation of at least 5 degrees C or 2 degrees B) were better in SEAS than CONT. Not all exercises for @entity1635 have the same efficacy: this study proves the short term efficacy of SEAS.02 when compared to usual care.

title: A controlled prospective study on the efficacy of SEAS.02 exercises in preventing progression and bracing in mild XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2112 :: ('MESH:C564593', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic scoliosis']

entities_list: @entity1635 :: ('MESH:D012600', 'Disease') :: ['scoliosis']

answer: @entity2112 :: (MESH:C564593,Disease) :: ['idiopathic scoliosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Corneal lacerations mostly affect younger @entity1 , commonly males, who will constitute the majority of the workforce. Clinical outcomes are reviewed and compared so that measures to reduce their occurrence and improve outcome can be proffered. METHODS: Records of all @entity1 between the ages of 1-18 yrs, who presented with penetrating @entity4858 at the eye clinic of the University of Port Harcourt teaching Hospital, Rivers state, Nigeria between January 2002 and December 2009 were included. Information retrieved - @entity1 's Bio data, presenting symptoms, presenting visual acuity (VA), source of injury, surgical intervention and outcome using VA. All data analysed with EPI Info version 6 with the aid of a statistician. RESULTS: Folders of thirty-six @entity1 (36 eyes) between the ages of 0-18 years diagnosed with @entity2687 over a period of 8 years out of 65 cases managed within that period available. Other folders reported as missing. Male female ratio 3:1, the mean age is 8.7 years (SD    3.67). Only one presented within 24 hours. Objects causing injury mainly missiles with stones/catapult injuries (n = 8, 22.2%). Presenting VAs in those that could be measured, ranged from 6/24 to 6/60 (n = 4, 11%) to no light perception (NLP) (n = 5, 13.9%). Associated injuries include lid laceration, @entity231 , @entity548 and @entity1713 . Twenty one @entity1 had primary corneal repair (58.3%) carried out within 7 days of presentation. Four had @entity3225 . After 3 months follow up, VA of 6/60 and better was achieved in 11 of 18 eyes left in follow up (6/60-6/24 in 8 eyes (22.2%), 6/18 and better in 3 eyes (8.3%). CONCLUSION: Most @entity4858 in @entity1 are preventable. In this study, the prognosis was better in those whose injuries were confined to a peripheral part of the @entity267 , with no other associated injury, who presented within 5 days and who did not have any @entity5517 at the time of presentation. The importance of health education, adult supervision of play and application of appropriate measures that is necessary for reducing the incidence and severity of @entity130 is emphasized.

title: Pattern of paediatric XXXX in the University of Port Harcourt teaching hospital, Rivers state, Nigeria.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5517 :: ('MESH:D015817', 'Disease') :: ['intraocular infection']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['vitreous haemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity1713 :: ('MESH:D012163', 'Disease') :: ['retinal detachment']

entities_list: @entity4858 :: ('MESH:D005131', 'Disease') :: ['eye injuries']

entities_list: @entity2687 :: ('MESH:D003316', 'Disease') :: ['corneal laceration']

entities_list: @entity3225 :: ('MESH:D009877', 'Disease') :: ['endophthalmitis']

answer: @entity267 :: (MESH:D065306,Disease) :: ['corneal laceration injuries']


abstract: OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: To investigate the relationship between @entity28 , @entity27 ( @entity27 ), and spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) @entity2972 . STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective review of @entity1 presenting with the diagnosis of @entity2972 during a 15-year period to a tertiary care medical center. METHODS: @entity1 records were reviewed and the following data were extracted: age, sex, height, weight, past medical/surgical history, laterality of @entity2972 , findings at operation, and method of repair. @entity2972 was considered spontaneous in the absence of @entity130 , otologic surgery, infection, and @entity5 . RESULTS: Of the 29 adult @entity1 identified, 14 @entity1 presented with @entity2972 that was spontaneous in nature. The average body mass index among these @entity1 was 35.2 +/- 8, which was higher than the average in the nonspontaneous group, 28.5 +/- 5 (P = .01). Diagnoses of @entity27 were also more common in the spontaneous group (n = 4) compared with the nonspontaneous group (n = 0). One case of bilateral spontaneous CSF leaks was recorded. The majority of @entity1 were repaired with hydroxyapatite cement through a transmastoid approach. There were no recurrences. CONCLUSIONS: In this series, @entity1 with spontaneous @entity2972 were more likely to be severely and morbidly @entity28 than were @entity1 with nonspontaneous @entity2972 . @entity27 was also more common in these @entity1 . The findings from this study support an association between @entity28 and spontaneous CSF leaks. @entity1 presenting with spontaneous @entity2972 should therefore be screened for @entity27 and signs of @entity428 .

title: Relationship between @entity28 , XXXX , and spontaneous @entity2972 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obese', 'obesity']

entities_list: @entity428 :: ('MESH:D019586', 'Disease') :: ['increased intracranial pressure']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplasm']

entities_list: @entity27 :: ('MESH:D020181', 'Disease') :: ['obstructive sleep apnea', 'OSA']

entities_list: @entity2972 :: ('MESH:D002558', 'Disease') :: ['CSF otorrhea', 'Otorrhea', 'otorrhea']

answer: @entity27 :: (MESH:D020181,Disease) :: ['obstructive sleep apnea']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of oral @entity617 , followed by inhaled @entity4184 , in @entity1 with newly diagnosed (<3 months) stage I and stage II @entity10070 . DESIGN: Double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, multicenter study. SETTING: Twenty pulmonary medicine departments in Finland. @entity1 : One hundred eighty-nine adult @entity1 were randomized to treatment. @entity1 with @entity5406 or stage IV @entity370 ( @entity3794 ), and @entity1 requiring immediate treatment with oral @entity288 for extrapulmonary lesions or chronic illnesses were excluded. TREATMENT: The @entity1 received either oral @entity617 for 3 months (20 mg/d for 8 weeks, 15 mg/d for 2 weeks, and 10 mg/d for 2 weeks) followed by inhaled @entity4184 (Pulmicort Turbuhaler; Astra Draco; Lund, Sweden) for 15 months at 800 microg bid, or placebo tablets followed by placebo inhaler therapy. MEASUREMENTS: Chest radiographs, lung volumes (FVC), diffusing capacity of the lung for @entity1223 (D(LCO)), serum angiotensin-converting enzyme (SACE), and @entity2262 at 3-month intervals. RESULTS: After 3 months of treatment, radiographic improvements were seen in the active-treatment group when compared to the placebo-treatment group. At 6 months, the difference was still statistically significant. Later, no differences were found. In @entity1 with initial stage I lesions, neither the FVC nor the D(LCO) (the percent predicted mean values) changed during the study, as they were normal from the beginning. In @entity1 with @entity34 , the difference in the FVC mean values between the groups also remained unchanged throughout the study. In stage II @entity1 treated for 18 months, but not earlier, the difference in D(LCO) became statistically significant; the largest differences were seen in @entity1 with initial FVC values <80% of predicted and D(LCO) values <75% of predicted. The decrease in SACE in the active-treated stage II @entity1 was significantly larger than in the placebo-treated @entity1 . No difference was observed in adverse events between the active-treated @entity1 and the placebo-treated @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Treatment is not required for @entity1 with stage I disease. An initial treatment with @entity617 followed by long-term inhalation of @entity4184 is more effective than placebo in @entity1 with @entity34 . Sequential oral and inhaled corticosteroid therapy may be an alternative treatment regimen for stage II @entity370 @entity1 , rather than long-term oral corticosteroid therapy alone.

title: Oral @entity617 followed by inhaled XXXX in newly diagnosed @entity10070 : a double-blind, placebo-controlled multicenter study. Finnish @entity10070 Study Group.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1223 :: ('MESH:D002248', 'Chemical') :: ['carbon monoxide']

entities_list: @entity34 :: ('MESH:D016609', 'Disease') :: ['stage II disease', 'initial stage II disease']

entities_list: @entity2262 :: ('567', 'Gene') :: ['beta2-microglobulin']

entities_list: @entity3794 :: ('MESH:D011658', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity4184 :: ('MESH:D019819', 'Chemical') :: ['budesonide']

entities_list: @entity617 :: ('MESH:D011239', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisolone']

entities_list: @entity370 :: ('MESH:D012507', 'Disease') :: ['sarcoidosis']

entities_list: @entity10070 :: ('MESH:D017565', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary sarcoidosis']

entities_list: @entity5406 :: ('MESH:D004893', 'Disease') :: ['erythema nodosum']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity4184 :: (MESH:D019819,Chemical) :: ['budesonide']


abstract: Studies have shown strong associations between intimate partner violence (IPV) and both @entity1005 ( @entity1005 ) and @entity734 ( @entity734 ). Despite these linkages, research on the dual diagnosis of @entity1005 - @entity734 and its relationship to IPV is in an early stage, and little is known about how @entity1005 - @entity734 treatment might influence IPV outcomes. The current study is a secondary analysis of a larger NIDA Clinical Trials Network study exploring the effectiveness of two behavioral interventions for @entity1 with comorbid @entity1005 - @entity734 . @entity1 (n=288) were randomly assigned to Seeking Safety (SS), a cognitive-behavioral treatment that focuses on @entity130 and @entity734 , or to @entity1 's Health Education, a psychoeducational group. Logistic regressions were used to examine how treatment condition, identified risk factors and their interactions were related to IPV. Results showed that @entity1 who were abstinent at baseline were significantly less likely to experience IPV over the 12-month follow-up period, whereas @entity1 living with someone with an @entity167 problem were significantly more likely to experience IPV over follow-up. Findings also showed that at a trend level @entity1 with recent interpersonal @entity130 at baseline and higher total of lifetime @entity130 exposures were more likely to report IPV during follow-up. Although there was no main effect for treatment condition, a significant interaction between treatment condition and baseline abstinence was found. @entity1 who were abstinent at baseline and in the SS condition were significantly less likely to report IPV over follow-up. These findings indicate that an integrated treatment for @entity1005 and @entity734 was associated with significantly better IPV outcomes for a subset of individuals. The possibility that @entity1 with @entity1005 - @entity734 may differentially benefit from SS has important clinical implications. Further research examining the intersection of @entity1005 , @entity734 and IPV, and the impact of treatment on a range of outcomes is needed.

title: Intimate partner violence outcomes in @entity1 with XXXX and substance use: a secondary analysis of NIDA Clinical Trials Network " @entity1 and @entity130 " Multi-site Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'Women', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity1005 :: ('MESH:D013313', 'Disease') :: ['posttraumatic stress disorder', 'PTSD']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['substance abuse symptoms', 'substance use disorders', 'SUD']

answer: @entity1005 :: (MESH:D013313,Disease) :: ['PTSD']


abstract: Increasing evidence suggests the involvement of leukocytes in the fibrinolytic system. Monocytes secrete pro-urokinase (Grau, Thromb Res 1989; 53: 145) and it has been shown that these cells have specific receptors for @entity1351 (Miles, Thromb Haemostas 1987; 58: 936). The aim of this study was to analyse the presence of @entity1351 activator inhibitor(s) in platelet-free suspensions of @entity1 peripheral blood monocytes and polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN). @entity214 -PAGE and reverse fibrin autography showed an inhibitory band of 50 kDa in the monocyte extracts (Triton X-100) but not in the PMN extracts. Urokinase ( @entity2290 ) was mixed with increasing amounts of monocyte extract for 10 min and the mixtures were added to 125I-fibrin coated wells containing @entity1351 . A dose-dependent decrease in the @entity2290 fibrinolytic activity was observed. The amount of inhibition increased when the monocyte releasates were preincubated with @entity2290 (40% inhibition after 5 min preincubation and 80% after 15 min), indicating a direct interaction between this activator and an inhibitor(s). After SDS-PAGE of monocyte extracts, immunoblotting and peroxidase staining identified both @entity2289 and @entity10933 , with an apparent molecular weight of 47-50 kDa. Monocyte-associated @entity2289 formed complexes with single chain @entity3479 with a molecular mass 50 kDa higher than the molecular mass of the free @entity2289 . However, a significant amount of @entity2289 remained unbound to @entity3479 . This inactive @entity2289 could have come from a rapid inactivation of the primary active @entity2289 . These @entity2289 and @entity10933 detected in @entity1 monocytes may be transcendent in the regulation of the fibrinolytic system.

title: Detection of both type 1 and type 2 XXXX activator inhibitors in @entity1 monocytes.

entities_list: @entity1351 :: ('5340', 'Gene') :: ['plasminogen', 'urokinase and plasminogen']

answer: @entity1351 :: (5340,Gene) :: ['plasminogen']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The Mangled Extremity Severity Score (MESS) is an objective criterion for amputation prediction after @entity130 as well as for amputation prediction after @entity130 . A MESS of >or=7 has been utilized as a cutoff point for amputation prediction. In this study, we examined the result of @entity455 ( @entity455 ) management in terms of the amputation rate as related to the MESS. METHODS: During January 2002 to July 2007, we reviewed @entity1 with UEVIs at our institution. Data collections included demographic data, mechanism of @entity130 , injury severity score (ISS), ischemic time, MESS, pathology of @entity455 , operative management, and amputation rate. Decisions to amputate the injured limbs at our institution were made individually by clinically assessing limb viability (i.e., color and capillary refill of skin; color, consistency, and contractility of muscles) regardless of the MESS. The outcome was analyzed in terms of the amputation rate related to the MESS. RESULTS: There were 52 @entity1 with UEVIs in this study: 25 (48%) suffered @entity1913 and 27 (52%) suffered penetrating @entity130 . The age ranged from 15 to 59 years (mean 28.7 years). The mean @entity63 time was 10.07 h. The mean ISS was 17.52. There were 12 @entity1 (23%) with subclavian @entity1317 , 3 @entity1 (5.76%) with axillary @entity1317 , 18 @entity1 (34.61%) with @entity1317 , and 19 @entity1 (36.54%) with radial artery and/or ulnar @entity1317 . Primary repairs were performed in 45 @entity1 (86.54%), with ligations in 3 @entity1 (5.77%). An endovascular stent-graft was used in one @entity1 (1.92%). Primary amputations were performed in three @entity1 (5.77%). Secondary amputations (amputation after primary operation) were done in 4 of 49 @entity1 (secondary amputation rate 8.16%). All amputation @entity1 suffered @entity1913 and had a MESS of >or=7 (range 7-11). The overall amputation rate in this study was 13.46% (7/52 @entity1 ). Multivariate analysis revealed that the only factor significantly associated with amputation was the MESS. There were no amputations in 33 @entity1 who had a MESS of <7. We could avoid amputation in 12 of 19 @entity1 who had a MESS>or=7. There were no mortalities among 52 @entity455 @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: MESS, an outcome score used to grade the severity of @entity130 , correlates well with the risk of amputation. Nevertheless, a MESS of >or=7 does not always mandate amputation. On the other hand, the MESS is a better predictor for @entity1 who do not require amputation when the score is <7. The decisions to amputate in @entity1 should be made individually based on clinical signs and an intraoperative finding of irreversible limb @entity63 .

title: Management of upper XXXX : outcome related to the Mangled Extremity Severity Score.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['UEVI', 'upper extremity vascular injurty']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity1317 :: ('MESH:D057772', 'Disease') :: ['brachial artery injuries', 'artery injuries']

entities_list: @entity1913 :: ('MESH:D014949', 'Disease') :: ['blunt injuries']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['extremity injuries', 'upper extremity injury', 'injuries', 'lower extremity injury']

answer: @entity1317 :: (MESH:D057772,Disease) :: ['extremity vascular injury']