abstract: @entity1129 ( @entity1129 ) @entity527 in @entity19 is dependent upon isoform-specific effects of the @entity35616 ( @entity35616 ) protein. In type A @entity19 , SAA1.1 and @entity35618 .1 are the major apolipoprotein- @entity35616 isoforms found on high-density lipoproteins. During @entity32 , both isoforms are increased 1000-fold, but only SAA1.1 is selectively deposited into amyloid fibrils. Previous studies showed that the CE/J @entity19 is resistant to amyloid induction. This resistance is not due to a deficiency in @entity35616 synthesis, but is probably related to the unusual @entity35616 isoform present. The CE/J @entity19 has a single acute-phase @entity35616 protein ( @entity35618 .2), which is a composite of the SAA1.1 and @entity35618 .1, with an @entity1472 terminus similar to the nonamyloidogenic @entity35618 .1. Recently, genetic experiments suggested that the @entity35618 .2 isoform might provide protection from @entity527 . To determine the amyloidogenic potential of the CE/J @entity19 , we generated @entity35616 adenoviral vectors to express the various isoforms in vitro and in vivo. Purified recombinant @entity35616 proteins demonstrated that SAA1.1 was fibrillogenic in vitro, whereas @entity35618 .2 was unable to form fibrils. Incubation of increasing concentrations of the nonamyloidogenic @entity35618 .2 protein with the amyloidogenic SAA1.1 did not inhibit the fibrillogenic nature of SAA1.1, or alter its ability to form extensive fibrils. Injection of the @entity19 SAA1.1 or @entity35618 .2 adenoviral vectors into @entity19 resulted in isoform-specific expression of the @entity35616 proteins. Amyloid induction after viral expression of the SAA1.1 protein resulted in the deposition of amyloid fibrils in the CE/J @entity19 , whereas @entity35618 .2 expression had no effect. Similar expression of the @entity35618 .2 protein in C57BL/6 @entity19 did not alter @entity527 . These data demonstrate that the failure of the CE/J @entity19 to deposit amyloid is due to the structural inability of the @entity35618 .2 to form amyloid fibrils. This @entity19 provides a unique system to test the amyloidogenic potential of altered @entity35616 proteins and to determine the important structural features of the protein.

title: Expression of @entity19 apolipoprotein SAA1.1 in CE/J XXXX : isoform-specific effects on amyloidogenesis.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity527 :: ('MESH:D058225', 'Disease') :: ['amyloid deposition']

entities_list: @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mice', 'mouse', 'mouse strain']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Non-completion of a prescribed course of treatment occurs in 20-60% of individuals diagnosed with @entity4225 ( @entity4225 ). While symptom severity, personality traits and environmental factors have been implicated as predictors of treatment non-completion (TNC), there have been no studies of neuropsychological predictors in this population. METHODS: From a randomized controlled trial, a subsample of 31, unmedicated outpatients diagnosed with @entity4225 with recent self-injurious behavior was assessed on 5 neuropsychological domains. @entity1 were also assessed for general IQ, demographic and other salient clinical variables. @entity1 were randomized to one of four treatment conditions, which lasted up to 1 year. Number of @entity34 ( @entity34 ) up to 1 year was utilized as the index of TNC. RESULTS: Thirty-three percent of the subsample (n = 12) did not complete 1 year of treatment. However, more @entity34 were predicted by better baseline executive control (Trails B; p < 0.01) and visual memory performance (Benton visual retention; p < 0.001); other neuropsychological domains did not predict @entity34 . CONCLUSION: In the treatment of outpatients with @entity4225 , better executive control and visual memory performance predict more @entity34 . Assessing and addressing these neurocognitive factors in treatment may reduce TNC in this high-risk population.

title: Higher executive control and visual memory performance predict treatment completion in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients']

entities_list: @entity4225 :: ('MESH:D001883', 'Disease') :: ['borderline personality disorder', 'BPD']

entities_list: @entity34 :: ('MESH:D016609', 'Disease') :: ['weeks in treatment', 'WIT']

answer: @entity4225 :: (MESH:D001883,Disease) :: ['borderline personality disorder']


abstract: Twenty locally advanced @entity2 were treated by @entity221 in combination with radiotherapy between November 1980 and January 1990. All @entity5 selected had invaded or were in contact with the chest wall, so that transcutaneous insertion of thermal probes into the @entity5 was possible. Using an 8 or 13.56 MHZ RF capacitive heating device, @entity221 was given once or twice a week after irradiation for 30-60 min per session (1-12 sessions in total). Radiotherapy was delivered at dose of 13.6-70 Gy. The thermal parameters analyzed were a) maximum, average, and minimum intratumor temperatures (Tmax, @entity16491 , and Tmin), which were recorded at the termination of each treatment, and b) the percentages of the intratumor points that exceeded 41 C (%T greater than or equal to 41 C). The mean +/- SD for Tmax, @entity16491 , Tmin, and %T greater than or equal to 41 C was 42.9 +/- 1.7 C, 41.6 +/- 1.2 C, 39.7 +/- 1.1 C, and 56.2 +/- 25.8, respectively. Larger @entity5 showed higher thermal parameters than the smaller @entity5 . Of the 12 @entity5 treated by definitive therapy, 2 (17%) achieved CR, 7 (58%) PR, and 3 (25%) NR. Four of 10 @entity5 that did not achieve CR showed large intratumor low density areas on post-treatment CT, reflecting @entity11659 . Higher thermal parameters were closely related to the appearance of low-density areas but not to changes in @entity5 size. Four @entity5 treated preoperatively were successfully resected 2 weeks after thermoradiotherapy, whereas four palliatively-treated @entity5 showed no regression. The side effects associated with @entity221 were @entity158 in 12 @entity1 (60%) and @entity1353 in 3 (15%), all of which resolved after termination of treatment. A @entity272 and a pneumothorax attributed to thermal probe insertion were observed in one @entity1 each. These results indicate that regional RF capacitive @entity221 is clinically feasible for local treatment of selected @entity2 .

title: Regional @entity221 combined with radiotherapy in the treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity11659 :: ('MESH:D047508', 'Disease') :: ['massive coagulation necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancers']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin abscess']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['hyperthermia']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['lung cancers']


abstract: Diverse classes of phytochemicals initiate biological responses that effectively lower @entity5 risk. One class of phytochemicals, broadly defined as pure and mixed @entity6399 , encompasses an estimated 22,000 individual components. A representative mixed @entity12307 , @entity39448 , suppresses the growth of @entity19 @entity19 ) @entity320 cells, and with greater potency, the growth of @entity1 @entity0 (MCF-7) and @entity1 leukemic (HL-60) cells. @entity31391 , a pure @entity12307 , suppresses the growth of B16 cells and with greater potency, the growth of MCF-7, HL-60 and @entity1 @entity694 (Caco-2) cells. Results obtained with diverse cell lines differing in ras and @entity876 status showed that the @entity12307 -mediated suppression of growth is independent of mutated ras and @entity876 functions. @entity31391 suppressed the growth of @entity1 colon fibroblasts (CCD-18Co) but only when present at three-fold the concentration required to suppress the growth of Caco-2 cells. The @entity6399 initiated apoptosis and, concomitantly arrested cells in the G1 phase of the cell cycle. Both suppress @entity2453 reductase activity. @entity31391 and @entity5753 interfered with the posttranslational processing of lamin B, an activity essential to assembly of daughter nuclei. This interference, we postulate, renders neosynthesized DNA available to the endonuclease activities leading to apoptotic cell death. Lovastatin-imposed mevalonate starvation suppressed the glycosylation and translocation of growth factor receptors to the cell surface. As a consequence, cells were arrested in the G1 phase of the cell cycle. This rationale may apply to the @entity12307 -mediated G1-phase arrest of @entity5 cells. The additive and potentially synergistic actions of these @entity6399 in the suppression of @entity5 cell proliferation and initiation of apoptosis coupled with the mass action of the diverse @entity12307 constituents of plant products may explain, in part, the impact of fruit, vegetable and grain consumption on @entity5 risk.

title: Apoptosis and cell-cycle arrest in @entity1 and XXXX @entity5 cells are initiated by @entity6399 .

entities_list: @entity39448 :: ('MESH:C013649', 'Chemical') :: ['gamma-tocotrienol']

entities_list: @entity6399 :: ('MESH:D013729', 'Chemical') :: ['isoprenoids']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity12307 :: ('CHEBI:24913', 'Chemical') :: ['isoprenoid']

entities_list: @entity5753 :: ('MESH:D008148', 'Chemical') :: ['lovastatin']

entities_list: @entity31391 :: ('MESH:C008157', 'Chemical') :: ['beta-Ionone']

entities_list: @entity2453 :: ('MESH:C008047', 'Chemical') :: ['3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['murine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Detailed histopathologic studies of @entity320 occurring in neonatal Sinclair miniature @entity1707 have demonstrated a remarkable similarity to @entity1 @entity320 . A significant difference is the predictable, complete regression of primary and @entity3 that occurs in all animals by early adulthood (1 to 2 years). Prior histopathologic descriptions of regression in this model have been incomplete with regard to the time of onset and chronologic sequence of events. This lack of data makes it difficult to plan studies of regression mechanisms especially when requiring the harvesting of @entity5 tissue. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: By routine histologic methods, 94 @entity5 from 46 piglets were evaluated for the degree of regression, presence of pigment-laden macrophages, and presence of lymphocytes. One or more punch biopsies were performed on 51 @entity5 before excision, for a total of 256 biopsies. RESULTS: Regression took place in two phases. The first phase began during the 4th week after birth; was preceded by a rapid, massive infiltration of pigment-laden macrophages; and was most active during the 2nd month. Significant numbers of lymphocytes were rarely seen in @entity5 during this phase of regression. In the vast majority of @entity5 , this initial regression activity was followed by regrowth of @entity41 usually appearing as emerging clones (intralesional transformation). The second phase of regression was characterized by asymmetrically distributed lymphocytic infiltration of the @entity320 , and progressive regression of @entity5 over several months. Significant numbers of lymphocytes were not present in the majority of the @entity5 until the beginning of the 4th month. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that regression of @entity320 in this animal model is a complex event in which the immune system participates differentially during the natural history of the disease.

title: Histopathology of regression in sinclair XXXX model of @entity320 .

entities_list: @entity41 :: ('MESH:D018365', 'Disease') :: ['residual tumor']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic tumors']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma', 'melanomas', 'residual melanoma']

answer: @entity1707 :: (9823,Species) :: ['swine']


abstract: Relatively few cases of the 20 ring chromosome [r(20)] syndrome have been reported. @entity302 , @entity146 , @entity1032 , and @entity154 characterize this syndrome. We present a @entity1 with the classic genetic and phenotypic findings. A 42-month-old @entity1 with mild @entity154 and @entity1155 has had generalized @entity410 , resistant to antiepileptic drug therapy since he was 26 months old. Electroencephalography (EEG) was performed on several occasions, as were brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEPs), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and cytogenetic studies. The EEG showed slow waves in anterior regions intermingled with spikes in temporal areas. The BAEPs were abnormal, and neuroimaging studies were normal. The chromosome r(20) appeared in 100 metaphases studied. Parental chromosomes were of normal karyotype. The genetic and EEG finding from this @entity1 strongly suggest that @entity302 associated with 20 ring chromosome syndrome is a distinct new entity, although the clinical manifestations may be broader than previously recognized.

title: Ring 20 chromosome syndrome with XXXX and @entity154 : a case report.

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['absence of definite dysmorphic features', 'dysmorphic features']

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['mental retardation']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['tonic-clonic seizures']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['behavioral problems']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['Epileptic seizures', 'epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity1155 :: ('MESH:D011596', 'Disease') :: ['psychomotor retardation']

answer: @entity302 :: (MESH:D004827,Disease) :: ['epilepsy']


abstract: We performed an oral tolerance test for @entity48662 in 33 @entity1 and discovered @entity9735 intolerance in 9. These 9 @entity1 had @entity2490 including 7 with @entity565 . Alcoholic beverages, especially champagne, were the triggering factors the most frequently found for respiratory manifestations. Alcoholic beverages triggered bronchial or nasal reactions in 7 @entity1 out of 9 ( @entity2490 in 7, @entity565 in 2). As in a large number of published cases, @entity9735 intolerance was evidenced by respiratory manifestations in our @entity1 . Exceptional anaphylactic reactions have also been reported. Respiratory intolerance to sulfites in uncommon. A nasal or bronchial reaction occurring within minutes following ingestion of alcoholic beverages is highly suggestive of @entity9735 intolerance as is the development of acute @entity565 after administration of @entity9735 -containing drugs. Diagnosis is confirmed by oral tolerance tests versus placebo. The only effective preventive measure is to eliminate food and drugs containing sulfites. Such measures are justified to prevent acute episodes of @entity565 .

title: [Clinical aspects and diagnosis of XXXX intolerance. Apropos of 9 @entity1 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity48662 :: ('MESH:C005199', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium metabisulfite']

entities_list: @entity9735 :: ('CHEBI:48854', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfite']

answer: @entity9735 :: (CHEBI:48854,Chemical) :: ['sulfite']


abstract: An increasing body of evidence suggests that @entity0 growth is mediated by oncogene products and growth factors which are or which act through cell surface receptors. The aims of the present study were to determine how three of these receptors, @entity1722 protein, @entity470 ( @entity470 ) and the beta-subunit of platelet-derived growth factor receptor ( @entity3820 -subunit), can effectively be demonstrated by immunohistochemical methods in @entity0 , how these receptors are distributed at the cellular level and how their expression correlates with well-established prognostic indicators including hormone receptors and proliferative index. We examined frozen tissue sections of 50 invasive @entity1 @entity0 , including 45 ductal, four lobular, and one mucinous @entity5 , by immunocytochemical methods to determine the in situ distributions of @entity1722 , @entity470 , and @entity3820 -subunit. We compared staining for @entity1722 protein in frozen sections with that in paraffin sections of the same 50 @entity5 . The immunohistochemical labelling results were compared with tissue hormone receptor content and growth fraction determined by Ki-67 labelling. Strong labelling of @entity5 cells in frozen sections was detected in 22% of cases, all of the ductal type, stained with rabbit antiserum to @entity1722 . Labelling for @entity1722 protein was generally weaker in paraffin sections than in frozen sections and in six of 11 positive cases, specific staining could be detected only in frozen sections. In immunostains with monoclonal antibody to @entity470 , rare cells within @entity5 were labelled in 60% of the @entity189 . Using a monoclonal antibody to the beta-subunit of PDGFr, consistent labelling of fibrillary cellular processes in the walls of blood vessels and in @entity82 around @entity5 cell nests was detected, but there was no labelling of @entity5 cells themselves. @entity1722 oncoprotein positive @entity5 were found to be more often @entity2931 receptor negative (P less than 0.005) or @entity2931 and @entity1420 receptor negative (P less than 0.01) than @entity1722 negative @entity5 . No significant correlation was observed between @entity1722 expression and Ki-67 growth fraction.

title: In situ distribution of oncogene products and growth factor receptors in XXXX : @entity1722 oncoprotein, @entity470 , and @entity3820 -subunit.

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrous stroma']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast tumors', 'breast tumour', 'breast carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone']

entities_list: @entity2931 :: ('CHEBI:50114', 'Chemical') :: ['oestrogen']

entities_list: @entity470 :: ('1956', 'Gene') :: ['epidermal growth factor receptor', 'EGFr']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomas']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast carcinoma']


abstract: Gap junction channels which are responsible for direct intercellular communication are composed of connexin proteins. Different connexins are distributed in a tissue-specific manner. Up to now only @entity26830 has been identified to be widely expressed in the inner ear. In order to investigate the role of additional gap junction proteins, the expression of connexin30 and 43 was investigated in the @entity35 cochlea. @entity26830 and connexin30 were both expressed in the spiral limbus, the spiral ligament, the stria vascularis and between supporting cells of the organ of Corti. Double-labeling experiments suggest that both connexins are partly colocalized between cells. Weak staining of @entity10277 could only be detected in the stria vascularis, the spiral ligament and between organ of Corti supporting cells. The corresponding transcripts for @entity26830 , 30 and 43 could be detected by Northern blot analysis. The expression of different gap junction channels in the cochlea suggests functional diversity. Gap junctions in the inner ear may control ion concentrations of cochlear fluids or act as conduits through which @entity413 and other metabolites diffuse.

title: Expression of the gap-junction connexins 26 and 30 in the XXXX cochlea.

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: Many drugs produce compound discriminative stimuli with at least two elements; in contrast, the present study examines discrimination of a mixture of two drugs and tests the role of training dose in, and the specificity of, such a discrimination. @entity35 discriminated a mixture of @entity1239 (0.2mg/kg s.c.) and @entity1363 (0.1mg/kg s.c.) from saline in a two-bar operant conditioning procedure with accuracy of at least 80%. Stimulus control was analyzed by testing each drug separately. Initially, stimulus control was mainly attributable to the @entity1363 . The doses of drugs used to maintain the discrimination were then altered. As the training dose of @entity1239 increased and that of @entity1363 decreased, the magnitudes of responses to the separate drugs were progressively reversed, until stimulus control was mainly attributable to @entity1239 . Thus, responses to the components of the compound stimulus were systematically related to the amounts of drugs in the mixtures used to maintain the discrimination, and there was some evidence that a strong stimulus produced by one drug may have overshadowed a weaker stimulus produced by a different agent. To test specificity, generalization to other drugs was examined. There was no generalization to @entity4944 , @entity1286 or @entity13613 , up to doses that reduced overall rates of responding. It follows that cues produced by mixtures of drugs may be as specific as those produced by single agents.

title: Discrimination of a drug mixture in XXXX : role of training dose, and specificity.

entities_list: @entity1239 :: ('MESH:D009538', 'Chemical') :: ['nicotine']

entities_list: @entity13613 :: ('MESH:D011814', 'Chemical') :: ['quipazine']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine']

entities_list: @entity4944 :: ('MESH:D000661', 'Chemical') :: ['amphetamine']

entities_list: @entity1363 :: ('MESH:D008874', 'Chemical') :: ['midazolam']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity409 in endogenous hypothalamic function have been associated with @entity1315 ( @entity1315 ). One endogenous activity is the circadian rhythm of temperature (CRT). In this study we examined whether hypothalamically mediated function is altered in the electrically induced, self-sustained, limbic @entity159 model of @entity1315 . We then wished to determine whether there was a structural basis for regulatory alterations. METHODS: We measured CRT with peritoneal temperature telemetry obtained in light-entrained (LD) and in free-running, constant-dark ( @entity336 ) conditions. CRT from @entity302 and controls of normal animals and kindled animals were quantized by fast Fourier transform-nonlinear least squares analysis to determine rhythmic complexity. RESULTS: The circadian component of CRT was preserved in all animals. In @entity336 , CRTs of @entity302 animals were more complex than those of normal animals. CRT of kindled animals showed no increased complexity after electrically induced @entity410 . Neuronal density was decreased in regions of the anterior and posterior hypothalamus but not in the suprachiasmatic nuclei from the @entity302 @entity35 . CONCLUSIONS: Alterations in CRT due to the @entity302 state were independent of @entity410 . Altered circadian thermoregulation in @entity302 @entity35 corresponded to regional hypothalamic @entity528 . Structural changes of the hypothalamus may explain alterations in endogenous rhythms in @entity1315 .

title: Hypothalamic XXXX and altered circadian rhythm of temperature in a @entity35 model of @entity1315 .

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures', 'isolated seizures']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['Numerous dysfunctions']

entities_list: @entity1315 :: ('MESH:D004833', 'Disease') :: ['MTLE', 'mesial temporal lobe epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epileptic']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['neuronal loss']

entities_list: @entity159 :: ('MESH:D013226', 'Disease') :: ['status epilepticus']

answer: @entity528 :: (MESH:D009410,Disease) :: ['neuronal loss']


abstract: Oral and @entity957 ( @entity957 ) are among the most common @entity5 worldwide, with approximately 60% 5-yr survival rate. To identify potential markers for disease progression, we used Affymetrix U133 plus 2.0 arrays to examine the gene expression profiles of 167 primary @entity5 samples from @entity957 @entity1 , 58 uninvolved oral mucosae from @entity957 @entity1 and 45 normal oral mucosae from @entity1 without @entity5 , all enrolled at one of the three University of Washington-affiliated medical centers between 2003 to 2008. We found 2,596 probe sets differentially expressed between 167 @entity5 samples and 45 normal samples. Among 2,596 probe sets, 71 were significantly and consistently up- or down-regulated in the comparison between normal samples and uninvolved oral samples and between uninvolved oral samples and @entity5 samples. Cox regression analyses showed that 20 of the 71 probe sets were significantly associated with progression-free survival. The risk score for each @entity1 was calculated from coefficients of a Cox model incorporating these 20 probe sets. The hazard ratio (HR) associated with each unit change in the risk score adjusting for age, gender, @entity5 stage, and high-risk HPV status was 2.7 (95% CI: 2.0-3.8, p = 8.8E-10). The risk scores in an independent dataset of 74 @entity957 @entity1 from the @entity601 Anderson @entity5 Center was also significantly associated with progression-free survival independent of age, gender, and @entity5 stage (HR 1.6, 95% CI: 1.1-2.2, p = 0.008). Gene Set Enrichment Analysis showed that the most prominent biological pathway represented by the 71 probe sets was the Integrin cell surface interactions pathway. In conclusion, we identified 71 probe sets in which dysregulation occurred in both uninvolved oral mucosal and @entity5 samples. Dysregulation of 20 of the 71 probe sets was associated with progression-free survival and was validated in an independent dataset.

title: Gene expression in uninvolved oral mucosa of @entity957 @entity1 facilitates identification of markers predictive of XXXX outcomes.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancers', 'cancer', 'oral cancer', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas', 'OSCC']

answer: @entity957 :: (MESH:D002294,Disease) :: ['OSCC']


abstract: There is increasing evidence that there are different progression routes leading to invasive @entity0 , depending on histology and differentiation grade. The aim of this study was to determine alterations in the expression of proteins involved in proliferation and apoptosis in non-invasive and invasive @entity1558 . Immunohistochemistry was performed on 106 @entity1373 ( @entity1373 ), 61 @entity75 and 53 @entity9962 . Increased proliferation (Ki67), overexpression of @entity4910 , @entity1722 , @entity3544 and @entity876 , and decreased expression of @entity588 and @entity5438 could already be found in @entity1373 . Significant differences between @entity1373 and @entity75 were found for only one protein when @entity1373 was compared with well-differentiated @entity3821 ( @entity5438 ), for three proteins when compared with intermediately differentiated @entity3821 ( @entity3544 , @entity4910 , Ki-67), and for all proteins when compared with poorly-differentiated @entity3821 . Comparing @entity3821 with invasive lesions of same differentiation grade, proliferation was elevated in the invasive lesions. Altered expression of the other proteins was in general only slightly increased in the invasive lesion compared with @entity3821 . The number of proteins with altered expression per lesion was highest in poorly-differentiated lesions and was comparable between @entity3821 and @entity3 of the same differentiation grade. In conclusion, the biggest changes in expression of these proliferation and apoptosis related proteins appear to occur during the transition from @entity1373 to @entity3821 ; they probably play a minor role in the transition from @entity3821 to invasive breast lesion of same differentiation grade. Well-differentiated in situ and invasive @entity1558 share many of the aberrations in expression of these proteins, as do poorly-differentiated in situ and invasive lesions. However, there are many differences between the well and poorly-differentiated lesions. This further supports the existence of different progression routes leading to @entity0 .

title: Similarity in expression of cell cycle proteins between in situ and invasive XXXX of same differentiation grade.

entities_list: @entity9962 :: ('MESH:D018270', 'Disease') :: ['invasive ductal breast carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['DCIS lesions']

entities_list: @entity1373 :: ('MESH:D006965', 'Disease') :: ['UDH', 'hyperplasia', 'usual ductal hyperplasias']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['invasive cancer']

entities_list: @entity1558 :: ('MESH:D001941', 'Disease') :: ['breast lesions', 'ductal breast lesions']

answer: @entity1558 :: (MESH:D001941,Disease) :: ['ductal breast lesions']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe the quality of life (QOL) over time for adults with newly diagnosed high-grade @entity11 and to examine the relationship between QOL and outcome data collected in three prospective cooperative group clinical trials. METHODS: The QOL study was a companion protocol for three Phase II high-grade @entity11 protocols. Five self-administered forms were completed by @entity1 to assess QOL at study entry, 2 months, and 4 months after enrollment. RESULTS: QOL data were available for baseline, first, and second subsequent follow-up evaluations for 89%, 71%, and 69% of @entity1 , respectively. A significant proportion of @entity1 (47.1%) experienced impaired QOL (QOL < or = 50) in at least one measure at subsequent evaluations, whereas most @entity1 (88%) with impaired QOL at baseline continued to have impaired QOL at subsequent evaluations. On multivariable analyses, baseline QOL measures were predictive of QOL at the time of follow-up. In addition, @entity1 who underwent a gross total resection were much less likely to have impaired QOL (P = 0.006), were less likely to experience worsening @entity308 (P = 0.0008), and were more likely to have improved QOL (P = 0.003) at their first follow-up evaluation. Changes in QOL measures over time were not found to be associated with survival in multivariable analyses that adjusted for known prognostic variables; variables that were independently associated with improved survival were better performance status (P < 0.001), younger age (P < 0.001), and greater extent of resection (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Baseline QOL was predictive of QOL over time. Gross total resection was associated with longer survival and improved QOL over time for @entity1 with high-grade @entity11 .

title: A prospective study of quality of life in adults with newly diagnosed high-grade XXXX : the impact of the extent of resection on quality of life and survival.

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['glioma', 'gliomas']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

answer: @entity11 :: (MESH:D005910,Disease) :: ['gliomas']


abstract: During ischaemia and reperfusion increased cytosolic @entity141 is one of the important causes for ischaemic-reperfusion @entity296 . In the present study we compared effects of preferentially L-type @entity141 antagonists @entity9805 (NT) and @entity25007 (LP), and of @entity946 (MB) a @entity141 antagonist with higher affinity to T- than to L-type channels on myocardial function during reperfusion. @entity301 ( @entity301 ), heart rate (HR), left ventricular pressure (LVP), @entity880 dehydrogenase (LDH) release rate and ECG were registered during 40 min of reperfusion following 30 min of global zero flow ischaemia in Langendorff's isolated @entity35 hearts. Either NT (100 nmol/L) or LP (10 nmol/L) or MB (100 nmol/L) was added to Krebs-Henseleit solution 10 min before ischaemia till the end of experiments. All three drugs influenced @entity301 , HR and LVP. All of them decreased LDH release rate (P < 0.05, in microkat/g x min) when compared with control hearts (53.2 +/- 5.1): MB (19.4 +/- 4.3) > LP (30.7 +/- 6.6) > NT (43.3 +/- 2.8). NT reduced the duration of continuous @entity943 at the beginning of reperfusion (to 59.1 +/- 6.1% of ischaemic controls) as well as the number of single arrhythmic events arising during the whole period of reperfusion (to 26.1 +/- 6.0% of ischaemic controls). MB diminished only single arrhythmic events during reperfusion to 39.1 +/- 17.3% of ischaemic controls. LP did not affect the onset of @entity943 . Results of our experiments indicate a relatively greater importance of T-type than of L-type @entity141 channels in the arising of @entity296 .

title: Comparison of effects of @entity9805 , @entity25007 and @entity946 on @entity296 in isolated XXXX hearts.

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial injury', 'postischaemic myocardial damage']

entities_list: @entity25007 :: ('MESH:C060285', 'Chemical') :: ['lacidipine']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['CF', 'Coronary flow']

entities_list: @entity946 :: ('MESH:D020748', 'Chemical') :: ['mibefradil']

entities_list: @entity9805 :: ('MESH:D009568', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrendipine']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmias']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: This prospective study evaluated sexual function through 5 years after myeloablative allogeneic @entity8 ( @entity8 ) for @entity5 to determine sexual function recovery and residual problems. Adults completed measures before @entity8 (N = 161), with survivors followed at 6 months and at 1, 2, 3, and 5 years. At 5 years case-matched controls also completed assessments. Analyses indicated that @entity1 and @entity1 differed in rates of being sexually active across time (P < .001) and in overall sexual function (P < .001). Both sexes declined in sexual activity rates and sexual function from before @entity8 to 6 months afterward (P < or = .05). Activity rates recovered for @entity1 by 1 year (74%) and for @entity1 by 2 years (55%). @entity1 improved from their 6-month nadir in sexual function by 2 years (P = .02), whereas @entity1 did not improve by 5 years (P = .17). Both male and female survivors were below controls in rates of sexual activity and sexual function at 5 years. Most @entity1 reported sexual problems (80% of survivors vs 61% of controls, P = .11); in contrast for @entity1 46% of survivors versus 21% of controls (P = .05) reported problems. Thus, despite some recovery, @entity250 remained a major problem for @entity1 and @entity1 after @entity8 . @entity146 efforts are needed to treat these deficits.

title: Sexual function changes during the 5 years after high-dose treatment and @entity8 for XXXX , with case-matched controls at 5 years.

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['HCT', 'hematopoietic cell transplantation']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['Aggressive']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity250 :: ('MESH:D012735', 'Disease') :: ['sexual dysfunction']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['malignancy']


abstract: Fifty evaluable @entity1 (34 @entity1 and 16 @entity1 ; mean age, 47 years) with severe @entity281 were given intravenous @entity2177 (200 mg every 12 hours) for a mean of 14 days. Therapy was continued with oral @entity2177 500 to 750 mg every 12 hours in 34 cases for a mean of 57 days. The sources of the @entity281 were bone and joint (26 @entity1 ), respiratory tract (10 @entity1 ), urinary tract (four @entity1 ), soft tissue (four @entity1 ), abdominal (three @entity1 ), @entity2259 of unknown origin (two @entity1 ), and right-sided @entity884 (one @entity1 ). Fifteen @entity1 (30 percent) were bacteremic. Causative organisms included @entity796 (32 @entity1 ), other gram-negative bacilli (18 @entity1 ), and gram-positive cocci (nine @entity1 ). Minimal inhibitory concentrations ranged between 0.03 and 1 microgram/ml. Mean peak serum concentrations were 1.58 micrograms/ml (intravenous) and 2 micrograms/ml (oral); mean trough serum concentrations were 0.23 micrograms/ml (intravenous) and 0.32 micrograms/ml (oral). Serum bactericidal activity values achieved after intravenous and oral therapy were similar. Response to therapy was evaluated separately in @entity1 with or without @entity4034 . In 30 @entity1 with @entity281 other than @entity4034 , clinical cure was achieved in 27 (90 percent), and therapy failure occurred in three @entity1 . In the 20 remaining @entity1 with @entity4034 , 15 (75 percent) had a satisfactory response, with apparent cure after a mean follow-up of 11 months, whereas five had therapeutical failure ( @entity796 became resistant in four of them). Overall, no major adverse effects were encountered. Superinfection by a resistant @entity796 was observed in three @entity1 . Intravenous @entity2177 is an effective and safe agent for the therapy of severe @entity281 caused by susceptible organisms.

title: Intravenous XXXX therapy in severe @entity281 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity796 :: ('287', 'Species') :: ['Pseudomonas aeruginosa', 'P. aeruginosa']

entities_list: @entity4034 :: ('MESH:D010019', 'Disease') :: ['osteomyelitis']

entities_list: @entity2177 :: ('MESH:D002939', 'Chemical') :: ['ciprofloxacin']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity2259 :: ('MESH:D016470', 'Disease') :: ['bacteremia']

entities_list: @entity884 :: ('MESH:D004696', 'Disease') :: ['endocarditis']

answer: @entity2177 :: (MESH:D002939,Chemical) :: ['ciprofloxacin']


abstract: Genomic structural variation is an important and abundant source of genetic and phenotypic variation. In this study, we performed an initial analysis of copy number variations (CNVs) using BovineHD SNP genotyping data from 147 Holstein @entity291 identified as having high or low feed efficiency as estimated by residual feed intake (RFI). We detected 443 candidate @entity471 regions (CNVRs) that represent 18.4  Mb (0.6  %) of the genome. To investigate the functional impacts of CNVs, we created two groups of 30 individual animals with extremely low or high estimated breeding values (EBVs) for RFI, and referred to these groups as @entity258 ( @entity258 ; more efficient) or high intake (HI; less efficient), respectively. We identified 240 (~9.0  Mb) and 274 (~10.2  Mb) CNVRs from @entity258 and HI groups, respectively. Approximately 30-40  % of the CNVRs were specific to the @entity258 group or HI group of animals. The 240 @entity258 CNVRs overlapped with 137 Ensembl genes. Network analyses indicated that the @entity258 -specific genes were predominantly enriched for those functioning in the inflammatory response and immunity. By contrast, the 274 HI CNVRs contained 177 Ensembl genes. Network analyses indicated that the HI-specific genes were particularly involved in the cell cycle, and organ and bone development. These results relate CNVs to two key variables, namely immune response and organ and bone development. The data indicate that greater feed efficiency relates more closely to immune response, whereas @entity291 with reduced feed efficiency may have a greater capacity for organ and bone development.

title: Analysis of copy number variations in Holstein XXXX identify potential mechanisms contributing to differences in residual feed intake.

entities_list: @entity258 :: ('MESH:D009800', 'Disease') :: ['low intake', 'LI']

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['cows']


abstract: Sixty-seven @entity1 suffering from spasmodic torticollis, a @entity16 in which involuntary contractions of the head produce an abnormal head posture, completed a booklet of questionnaires aiming to assess psychosocial adjustment. Twenty-four per cent of the @entity1 were moderately to severely @entity308 . Overall, as a sample the @entity1 were not acceptant of or adjusted to their illness. Cognitive and emotion-focused strategies were slightly more widely used than instrumental ways of coping. Both adaptive and maladaptive coping strategies were more frequently used by female than male sufferers. The number of individuals who were potential sources of social support was not high (mean = 2.7, SD = 1.2). The @entity1 were, however, generally satisfied with the available support. Self-depreciation, lack of control over head position/movement and the resulting disability in activities of daily living, lack of satisfaction with available social support, and the use of maladaptive coping strategies accounted for 75% of the variance of @entity308 in torticollis. Self-depreciation, which was the most salient predictor of @entity308 in torticollis, accounting for 59% of its variance, was itself shown to arise from the @entity1 's negative body concept relating to the postural abnormality of the head. As the severity of @entity717 contributed to @entity308 , successful symptomatic treatment of torticollis would be expected to ameliorate mood. However, as the currently available medical treatments are not effective for all treated cases, and as the self-depreciation resulting from a negative body concept formed the core of @entity308 in torticollis, cognitive-behavioural therapy could improve the quality of life of the @entity308 @entity1 .

title: Psychosocial factors and XXXX in torticollis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['illness and resulting disability']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological disorder']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressed torticollis', 'depressed', 'depression']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['depression']


abstract: PURPOSE: To compare hip morphology between young @entity1 and @entity1 who presented with @entity158 and labral tears. METHODS: A retrospective review of our hip arthroscopy registry from March 2008 to June 2010 was completed. We identified 217 @entity1 (249 hips) who were between the ages of 18 to 30 years. The inclusion criteria were (1) insidious-onset @entity158 or worsening @entity158 after low-energy sports @entity130 , (2) positive hip impingement sign, (3) T  nnis grades 0 to 1, (4) magnetic resonance imaging showing labral tear, and (5) primary hip arthroscopy confirming labral tear. Forty-five @entity1 (52 hips) were excluded for the following reasons: (1) revision hip arthroscopy, (2) high-energy hip @entity130 , (3) history of surgery involving the femur or pelvis, (4) previous @entity174 of the femur or pelvis, (5) T  nnis grades 2 or above, (6) proliferative disease of the hip (i.e., @entity11665 , @entity1362 ), (7) @entity4094 (i.e., @entity306 ), and (8) deformities related to Legg-Calv  -Perthes disease or @entity572 . Therefore, the cohort study group included 105 (61%) @entity1 (123 [62.4%] hips) and 67 (39%) @entity1 (74 [37.6%] hips). Sex comparisons were made for the following variables measured on preoperative hip computed tomography scans: alpha angle, acetabular version, femoral version, lateral center-edge angle, and neck-shaft angle. RESULTS: @entity1 had smaller alpha angles (47.8  v 63.6  , P < .001), increased acetabular version (17.3  v 13.9  , P < .001), and @entity2096 (14.4  v 12.1  , P = .05). CONCLUSIONS: In young adults with @entity158 and labral tears, @entity1 have smaller alpha angles and hips that are generally more anteverted. Therefore, in @entity1 , cam lesions may be more subtle, preoperative hip version analyses should be encouraged, and rim trimming may need to be cautiously planned to avoid increasing contact stresses at weight-bearing areas after such a procedure. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level III, retrospective comparative study.

title: Sex differences of hip morphology in young adults with XXXX and labral tears.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'Women', 'men']

entities_list: @entity4094 :: ('MESH:D009468', 'Disease') :: ['neuromuscular disease']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures']

entities_list: @entity1362 :: ('MESH:D013586', 'Disease') :: ['pigmented villonodular synovitis']

entities_list: @entity11665 :: ('MESH:D015838', 'Disease') :: ['synovial chondromatosis']

entities_list: @entity572 :: ('MESH:D006617', 'Disease') :: ['developmental dysplasia of the hip']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['hip pain', 'pain']

entities_list: @entity2096 :: ('MESH:D020428', 'Disease') :: ['increased femoral anteversion']

entities_list: @entity306 :: ('MESH:D002547', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral palsy']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['hip pain']


abstract: @entity1018 remains a potential complication of @entity2694 . Appropriate evaluation and management of the @entity1 with signs and symptoms of @entity32 may prevent progression to @entity1939 . Evaluation of @entity1 with @entity32 from @entity1244 includes a comprehensive clinical examination and radiographic studies. Clinical examination should test for changes in visual acuity, pupillary reactivity, and extraocular motion. Computerized tomography (CT) has facilitated the diagnosis of @entity2694 and aids in diagnosis. However, CT can be misleading in @entity1 with @entity697 and should not be relied on to determine the need for surgical intervention. We reviewed the records of all @entity1 admitted to Parkland Memorial Hospital from 1978 to 1988 with orbital complications resulting from @entity1244 . Four of 159 @entity1 in this group had permanent @entity1939 . The presence of an abscess, which was ultimately found at surgical exploration, was not diagnosed by CT in any of these four @entity1 . Clinical examination remains the most important indicator for surgical intervention in @entity1 with orbital complications of @entity1244 . We present our findings and give guidelines for surgical intervention in @entity1 with @entity2694 resulting from @entity1244 .

title: @entity1939 resulting from orbital complications of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1018 :: ('MESH:D054062', 'Disease') :: ['Loss of vision']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['orbital inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1244 :: ('MESH:D012852', 'Disease') :: ['sinusitis']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute orbital infections']

entities_list: @entity2694 :: ('MESH:D009916', 'Disease') :: ['orbital infections', 'orbital infection']

entities_list: @entity1939 :: ('MESH:D001766', 'Disease') :: ['blindness']

answer: @entity1244 :: (MESH:D012852,Disease) :: ['sinusitis']


abstract: A liquid chromatographic (LC) method has been developed for the determination of the desfuroylceftiofur metabolite of @entity21563 as a residue in the plasma of animals. Plasma sample in 0.1M pH 8.7 @entity1391 buffer containing @entity16958 is incubated under @entity1568 for 15 min at 50 degrees C. The sample is centrifuged, charged to a C18 cartridge, and washed with 0.1M @entity6190 . The desfuroylceftiofur residue on the cartridge is derivatized by adding 0.1M @entity6190 containing @entity8867 and letting the cartridge stand in the dark for 30 min. The cartridge is then drained and rinsed, and the desfuroylceftiofur @entity14941 is eluted with @entity1042 . The mixture is evaporated to dryness, dissolved in pH 10.6 @entity7159 , and charged to a SAX cartridge. The derivative is eluted with 2% @entity1543 , reduced in volume, and dissolved in mobile phase for liquid chromatography. The LC system includes a C8 column and guard cartridge with UV detection at 254 nm. The gradient mobile phase (flow rate 1 mL/min) is 0.01M pH 5 @entity6190 programmed to 29% @entity1042 -water (60 + 40) in 25 min. Recoveries were 90-100% with a sensitivity of 0.1 ppm or less. The procedure has been applied to the plasma of @entity291 , @entity35 , @entity1641 , @entity1707 , and @entity235 .

title: Liquid chromatographic determination of desfuroylceftiofur metabolite of XXXX as residue in @entity291 plasma.

entities_list: @entity16958 :: ('MESH:D004226', 'Chemical') :: ['dithioerythritol']

entities_list: @entity21563 :: ('MESH:C053503', 'Chemical') :: ['ceftiofur']

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen']

entities_list: @entity1042 :: ('MESH:D000432', 'Chemical') :: ['methanol']

entities_list: @entity6190 :: ('MESH:C018824', 'Chemical') :: ['ammonium acetate']

entities_list: @entity8867 :: ('MESH:D007460', 'Chemical') :: ['iodoacetamide']

entities_list: @entity14941 :: ('MESH:C030686', 'Chemical') :: ['acetamide']

entities_list: @entity1391 :: ('CHEBI:26020', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphate']

entities_list: @entity1543 :: ('MESH:D019342', 'Chemical') :: ['acetic acid']

entities_list: @entity7159 :: ('MESH:D012972', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium hydroxide']

answer: @entity21563 :: (MESH:C053503,Chemical) :: ['ceftiofur']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Antifungal prophylaxis is shown to decrease the risk of @entity364 ( @entity364 ) after hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT). @entity7143 has been approved for prophylaxis in HSCT. However, it is only available orally given three times per day. We evaluated once weekly intravenous @entity2379 lipid complex (ABLC), given its broad-spectrum antifungal activity and prolonged half-life (172 hr), as an alternative prophylaxis in HSCT. METHODS: We prospectively randomized allogeneic HSCT @entity1 to receive 7.5 mg/kg of intravenous ABLC weekly or 200 mg of @entity7143 orally three times per day as prophylaxis for up to 6 weeks. Endpoints were the incidence of @entity364 and drug-related @entity137 . ABLC was discontinued if @entity1011 level increased to two times the baseline or greater. RESULTS: A total of 46 @entity1 were randomized; 40 received at least one dose of the drug and were included in the analysis: 19 received ABLC and 21 received @entity7143 . All @entity1 received @entity1140 . Apache II score, @entity1398 , and @entity1011 , @entity648 , and @entity493 aminotransferase levels were similar in both groups at baseline. One @entity1 in the ABLC arm and none in @entity7143 arm developed @entity364 (5% vs. 0%, P=0.48). More @entity1 in the ABLC arm doubled their serum @entity1011 (53% vs. 5%, P=0.001) necessitating discontinuation of the study drug. CONCLUSION: High-dose prophylactic ABLC in HSCT was associated with nephrotoxicity that could be aggravated by the concomitant use of other nephrotoxic agents. Further studies are needed to evaluate the role of weekly high-dose ABLC as antifungal prophylaxis in @entity1 at lower risk for nephrotoxicity.

title: Comparison of XXXX versus weekly @entity2379 lipid complex for the prevention of invasive @entity364 in hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity2379 :: ('MESH:D000666', 'Chemical') :: ['amphotericin B']

entities_list: @entity648 :: ('MESH:D001663', 'Chemical') :: ['bilirubin']

entities_list: @entity364 :: ('MESH:D009181', 'Disease') :: ['IFI', 'invasive fungal infection']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity1140 :: ('MESH:D016559', 'Chemical') :: ['tacrolimus']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity7143 :: ('MESH:C101425', 'Chemical') :: ['Posaconazole', 'posaconazole']

entities_list: @entity493 :: ('CHEBI:16449', 'Chemical') :: ['alanine']

answer: @entity7143 :: (MESH:C101425,Chemical) :: ['posaconazole']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity299 are the major cause of @entity204 in @entity1 with @entity8674 major. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of long-term treatment with the @entity1289 inhibitor @entity4688 on left ventricular (LV) performance, with an emphasis on diastolic LV function because @entity67 has been found to be an early event in an asymptomatic thalassemic population with only mild impairment of LV systolic function. METHODS: We used echocardiography to study the impact of treatment with oral @entity4688 on the evolution of standard M-mode and Doppler indices, along with a recently introduced Doppler index of combined systolic and diastolic LV performance. RESULTS: @entity1 were found to have significantly increased LV end-diastolic dimensions (LVEDD), LV end-systolic dimensions (LVESD), and left atrial dimensions and decreased LV fractional shortening (LVFS) compared with controls. After treatment with @entity4688 , LVESD decreased from 3.58 +/- 0.3 cm to 3.23 +/- 0.4 cm (P <.01) and LVFS increased from 32.6% +/- 4.0% to 38.0% +/- 3.1% (P <.001). @entity1 at baseline were found to have a significantly higher E-wave velocity, E/A ratio, and Doppler index compared with controls. The E-wave deceleration time was significantly shorter compared with that of controls. After treatment with @entity4688 , the E/A ratio decreased from 2.10 +/- 0.42 to 1.50 +/- 0.30 (P <.05), E-wave deceleration time increased from 0.12 +/- 0.02 seconds to 0.15 +/- 0.03 seconds (P <.01), and the Doppler index decreased from 0.46 +/- 0.10 to 0.37 +/- 0.14 (P <.05). CONCLUSIONS: @entity4688 was well tolerated in asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic @entity1 with @entity1002 resulting from @entity8674 major. Echocardiographically we demonstrated significant improvement in LV systolic and diastolic function. Whether this translates to improved long-term prognosis and survival remains to be further evaluated.

title: An XXXX inhibitor improves left ventricular systolic and diastolic function in transfusion-dependent @entity1 with @entity8674 major.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4688 :: ('MESH:D004656', 'Chemical') :: ['enalapril', 'Enalapril']

entities_list: @entity1289 :: ('1636', 'Gene') :: ['angiotensin-converting enzyme']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['LV dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['Cardiac complications']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['diastolic dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity8674 :: ('MESH:D017086', 'Disease') :: ['beta-thalassemia']

answer: @entity1289 :: (1636,Gene) :: ['angiotensin-converting enzyme']


abstract: This article presents the results of a study of @entity1 diet at two Iron Age sites on the island of   land, Sweden. The cemetery at Bj  rby contained a large number of subadults who had survived the earliest years of life, whereas most individuals at Triberga had died by 6 months of age. To investigate whether differences in @entity1 feeding could explain the different mortality rates, the @entity505 , @entity1568 , and @entity599 stable isotope ratios of bone and tooth dentin collagen from the two sites were analyzed. Twenty-two samples from Triberga and 102 from Bj  rby yielded data that could be included in the @entity505 and @entity1568 analysis. Twelve samples from Triberga and 42 from Bj  rby were included in the @entity599 analysis. The results for @entity505 (  @entity7352 : Triberga X = -18.8, s.d. = 1.1; Bj  rby X = -19.8, s.d. = 0.4), @entity1568 (  @entity13140 : Triberga X = 12.9, s.d. = 1.5; Bj  rby X = 13.4, s.d. = 1.4), and @entity599 (  (34) S: Triberga X = 8.1, s.d. = 1.1; Bj  rby X = 5.8, s.d. = 1.3) suggest that diet was broadly similar at both sites and based on terrestrial resources. At Bj  rby, females and high-status individuals consumed higher-trophic level protein than other males from early childhood onward. There was some indication that the contribution of marine resources to the diet may also have differed between the sexes at Triberga. No consistent differences in breast milk intake were observed between the two sites, but there was substantial variation at each. This variation may reflect an influence of gender and social status on @entity1 feeding decisions.

title: Conformity in diversity? Isotopic investigations of XXXX feeding practices in two iron age populations from Southern   land, Sweden.

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['infant']


abstract: The Wnt signaling pathway plays a crucial role during embryogenesis in vertebrates. In this study, 124 SNP in 31 Wnt signaling pathway genes were selected to genotype 764 individuals in an F(2) resource population by reciprocally crossing Silkie fowls and Cornish broilers, and 102 SNP were polymorphic. Pairwise linkage disequilibrium among the SNP within each gene was calculated. Haplotypes were reconstructed from the SNP in strong linkage disequilibrium. The associations of SNP and haplotypes with carcass traits were analyzed respectively, and the SNP contributions to phenotypic variance were estimated. The present study showed that 58 SNP in 24 genes and 8 haplotype blocks within 7 genes were significantly (P < 0.05) associated with at least one carcass trait. Fourteen SNP (among the 58 SNP) explained >2% phenotypic variance, 12 of which had significantly (P < 0.01) additive or dominant effects. Furthermore, both @entity55349 ( @entity55350 ) and @entity55351 ( @entity55352 ) as well as their corresponding haplotype blocks were significantly associated with shank circumference and wing weight, respectively. In addition, 5 muscle-weight-related SNP explained >7% phenotypic variance, which was much higher than those of others. It was found that the Wnt signaling pathway was strongly associated with @entity1573 carcass traits, and 7 genes were particularly important, namely RHOA and CHP for breast muscle weight, @entity10530 for breast muscle weight percentage over carcass weight, @entity55353 for thigh weight percentage and thigh muscle weight percentage over carcass weight, @entity49152 for thigh weight percentage over carcass weight, @entity55350 for shank length, and @entity55352 for shank circumference. It is evident that Wnt signaling plays a major role in regulating carcass characteristics important for production traits in @entity1573 .

title: Polymorphisms in Wnt signaling pathway genes are significantly associated with XXXX carcass traits.

entities_list: @entity1573 :: ('9031', 'Species') :: ['chickens', 'chicken']

answer: @entity1573 :: (9031,Species) :: ['chicken']


abstract: A 54-year-old @entity1 was diagnosed with Borr 1 type @entity356 , located just below ECJ with some paraaortic lymph node metastase, during treatment of @entity6 at another hospital. He underwent spleno-total gastrectomy for reduction. The metastatic lymph nodes of the para-aorta were not resected, so the surgery was considered palliative. We administered FTP chemotherapy (CDDP 110 mg/day 1, 5-FU 1,200 mg/day 1-5, THP-ADM 30 mg/day 1) 5 times following surgery. The metastatic lymph nodes were remarkably decreased in size by the initial treatment. The decrement was 52.4% after the initial treatment (PR). After the 4th treatment, there were no lymph nodes detected (CR). After the 5th treatment, CR continued. The PR period was considered to be 5 months, and that of @entity22979 months. The @entity1 has no renal or @entity299 , and no suppression of bone marrow. His quality of life is satisfactory, and he continues to work as prior to surgery. FTP chemotherapy is considered a successful regimen for postoperative chemotherapy.

title: [Successful treatment of advanced XXXX (Borrmann 1 type) with FTP chemotherapy after reduction surgery].

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['gastric cancer']


abstract: The purpose of this clinical trial is to compare the effectiveness of a scapular-focused treatment with a control therapy in @entity1 with @entity5818 . Therefore, a randomized clinical trial with a blinded assessor was used in 22 @entity1 with @entity5818 . The primary outcome measures included self-reported shoulder disability and @entity158 . Next, @entity1 were evaluated regarding scapular positioning and shoulder muscle strength. The scapular-focused treatment included stretching and scapular motor control training. The control therapy included stretching, muscle friction, and eccentric rotator cuff training. Main outcome measures were the shoulder disability questionnaire, diagnostic tests for @entity5818 , clinical tests for scapular positioning, shoulder @entity158 (visual analog scale; VAS), and muscle strength. A large clinically important treatment effect in favor of scapular motor control training was found in self-reported disability (Cohen's d   =   0.93, p   =   0.025), and a moderate to large clinically important improvement in @entity158 during the Neer test, Hawkins test, and empty can test (Cohen's d 0.76, 1.04, and 0.92, respectively). In addition, the experimental group demonstrated a moderate (Cohen's d   =   0.67) improvement in self-experienced @entity158 at rest (VAS), whereas the control group did not change. The effects were maintained at three months follow-up.

title: Scapular-focused treatment in XXXX with @entity5818 : a randomized clinical trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5818 :: ('MESH:D019534', 'Disease') :: ['shoulder impingement syndrome']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: A series of 45 @entity1 with @entity3417 has been reviewed. The age at presentation ranged from 1 to 80 (median 12) years; 23 @entity1 were aged < or = 15 years. Thirty-five @entity1 had an abnormality of the lymphatics (primary @entity3417 ); in the remaining ten, the @entity843 was secondary to other conditions, principally @entity1893 (six @entity1 ). Two principal mechanisms of @entity843 formation were identified using lymphangiography and inspection at laparotomy: leakage from retroperitoneal megalymphatics, usually through a @entity292 (14 @entity1 ); and leakage from dilated subserosal lymphatics of the small intestine, invariably associated with leaking lacteals causing @entity6518 (24 @entity1 ). Both sites of leakage were present in a further five @entity1 . In the remaining two @entity1 , chyle was leaking from normal mesenteric lymphatics, in one via a ruptured mesenteric lymph cyst and in the other from the site of a previous lymph node biopsy. Other associated @entity17461 were present in 36 @entity1 , lymphoedema of the leg being the commonest (26 @entity1 ). All @entity1 were initially treated conservatively with dietary manipulation; this was the most satisfactory treatment for those with leaking small bowel lymphatics. Surgery ( @entity292 closure, bowel resection or insertion of a peritoneovenous shunt) was performed in 30 @entity1 . Closure of a retroperitoneal @entity292 , when present, was the most successful operation, curing seven of the 12 @entity1 so treated.

title: Aetiology and treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity6518 :: ('MESH:D011504', 'Disease') :: ['protein-losing enteropathy']

entities_list: @entity3417 :: ('MESH:D002915', 'Disease') :: ['chylous ascites']

entities_list: @entity292 :: ('MESH:D005402', 'Disease') :: ['fistula', 'visible lymphoperitoneal fistula']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ["non-Hodgkin's lymphoma"]

entities_list: @entity17461 :: ('MESH:D044148', 'Disease') :: ['lymphatic abnormalities']

answer: @entity3417 :: (MESH:D002915,Disease) :: ['chylous ascites']


abstract: The aim of the study was to review the effect of @entity10210 on bone density and @entity174 in postmenopausal @entity1 . We searched MEDLINE from 1966 to 1998, examined citations of relevant articles, and the proceedings of international @entity170 meetings. We contacted @entity170 investigators to identify additional studies, primary authors, and pharmaceutical industry sources for unpublished data. We included 13 trials that randomized @entity1 to @entity10210 or an alternative (placebo or @entity460 and/or @entity560 ) and measured bone density for at least 1 year. For each trial, three independent reviewers assessed the methodologic quality and abstracted data. The data suggested a @entity174 with a pooled relative risk of 0.63 (95% CI 0.44 to 0.92). There was no effect on nonvertebral @entity174 (relative risk 0.99, (95% CI 0.69 to 1.42). @entity10210 , relative to control, increased bone density after 1-3 years of treatment in the lumbar spine by 4.06% (95% CI 3.12 to 5.00), in the femoral neck by 2.35% (95% CI 1.66 to 3.04) and in the total body by 0.97% (95% CI 0.39 to 1.55). Effects were larger at 4 years, though the number of @entity1 followed much smaller. @entity10210 increases bone density in the lumbar spine and femoral neck for up to 4 years. The pooled estimates of @entity174 reduction with @entity10210 suggest a @entity174 , but no effect on nonvertebral @entity174 .

title: A meta-analysis of XXXX for the treatment of @entity170 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'reduction in vertebral fractures', 'fracture']

entities_list: @entity10210 :: ('MESH:D012968', 'Chemical') :: ['Etidronate', 'etidronate']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity560 :: ('MESH:D014807', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin D']

answer: @entity10210 :: (MESH:D012968,Chemical) :: ['etidronate']


abstract: The central actions of @entity3237 are essential for homeostatic control of adipose tissue mass, @entity413 metabolism, and many @entity4148 . In the brain, @entity3237 acts on numerous different cell types via the long-form @entity18070 ( @entity18070 ) to elicit its effects. The precise identification of @entity3237 's cellular targets is fundamental to understanding the mechanism of its pleiotropic central actions. We have systematically characterized @entity18070 distribution in the @entity19 brain using in situ hybridization in wildtype @entity19 as well as by EYFP immunoreactivity in a novel @entity18070 -IRES-Cre EYFP reporter @entity19 line showing high levels of @entity18070 mRNA/EYFP coexpression. We found substantial @entity18070 mRNA and EYFP expression in hypothalamic and extrahypothalamic sites described before, including the dorsomedial nucleus of the hypothalamus, ventral premammillary nucleus, ventral tegmental area, parabrachial nucleus, and the dorsal vagal complex. Expression in insular cortex, lateral septal nucleus, medial preoptic area, rostral linear nucleus, and in the Edinger-Westphal nucleus was also observed and had been previously unreported. The @entity18070 -IRES-Cre reporter line was used to chemically characterize a population of @entity18070 -expressing neurons in the midbrain. @entity669 hydroxylase and Cre reporter were found to be coexpressed in the ventral tegmental area and in other midbrain dopaminergic neurons. Lastly, the @entity18070 -IRES-Cre reporter line was used to map the extent of peripheral @entity3237 sensing by central nervous system (CNS) @entity18070 neurons. Thus, we provide data supporting the use of the @entity18070 -IRES-Cre line for the assessment of the anatomic and functional characteristics of neurons expressing @entity18070 .

title: XXXX targets in the @entity19 brain.

entities_list: @entity4148 :: ('MESH:D001342', 'Disease') :: ['autonomic and neuroendocrine systems']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['Tyrosine']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity3237 :: (16846(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['Leptin']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Candida infections have increased due to transplant @entity1 , prolonged ICU stay and invasive procedures. The most common isolated strain is @entity5132 . The aim of this study was to evaluate the distribution of Candida isolates at Tepecik Education and Research Hospital. MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity375 like fungi were isolated between 13.01.2010 and 19.08.2011 at Mycology Laboratory. The identification was done by conventional methods and @entity1735 assimilation profile using the ID32C identification system (Biomerieux, France). RESULTS: @entity375 like fungi were isolated from 337 clinical specimens. They consisted of urine, blood culture, respiratory specimen and wound. The most isolated @entity375 strains were @entity5132 (38.6%), @entity9841 (13.9%), @entity7409 (28.4%), @entity7408 (7.4%), C.krusei (3.8%). CONCLUSION: Recently there is an @entity6923 . In this study the most common strain was @entity5132 and the rate @entity7408 and C. krusei isolates were lower than expected. @entity7409 was the most isolated strain in blood cultures and this may be due to invasive procedures and the use of indwelling catheters.

title: The evaluation of the distribution of XXXX like fungi 'Candida Species' at a tertiary care center in western Turkey.

entities_list: @entity6923 :: ('MESH:C536777', 'Disease') :: ['increment in Candida infections']

entities_list: @entity7408 :: ('5478', 'Species') :: ['C.glabrata', 'C. glabrata']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity7409 :: ('5480', 'Species') :: ['C. parapsilosis']

entities_list: @entity5132 :: ('5476', 'Species') :: ['C.albicans', 'C. albicans']

answer: @entity375 :: (4932,Species) :: ['yeast']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of the selective @entity750 reuptake inhibitor @entity837 in treating @entity308 , since available treatments are usually poorly tolerated. METHODS: A 6-week double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was undertaken. Diagnosis and outcome were determined using the Hamilton @entity308 Scale, and unwanted effects were measured using the UKU side effect rating scale. Sixty-six consecutive @entity308 @entity1 from an unselected population of 285 @entity64 @entity1 aged 25 to 80 years entered the trial 2 to 52 weeks after @entity64 . They were assigned to equally sized treatment and placebo groups. The initial level of @entity308 was comparable in the two groups (mean baseline Hamilton @entity308 scores, 19.4 and 18.9, respectively). Demographic parameters were also comparable in the two groups. RESULTS: Significantly greater improvement was seen in @entity1 treated with @entity837 (10 to 40 mg/d) for 3 and 6 weeks, both when including all @entity1 (intention-to-treat analysis, P < .05) and excluding @entity1 who dropped out during the first 3 weeks (efficacy analysis, P < .005). Half of the 28 @entity1 who entered the trial 2 to 6 weeks after @entity64 recovered within 1 month, independent of the treatment given. This indicates a high degree of spontaneous recovery in the early phase after @entity64 . In contrast, recovery was infrequent in placebo group @entity1 who became @entity308 7 weeks or more after @entity64 . No serious side effects related to the treatment were detected; those present were mild and usually transient. CONCLUSIONS: This trial demonstrates that the selective @entity750 reuptake inhibitor @entity837 offers an advantageous new treatment of @entity308 that is both safe and effective.

title: Effective treatment of XXXX with the selective @entity750 reuptake inhibitor @entity837 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression', 'poststroke depression', 'depressed', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity837 :: ('MESH:D015283', 'Chemical') :: ['citalopram']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['serotonin']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['poststroke depression']


abstract: Porcine and @entity1 renal physiology are similar in important aspects. Renal cortical microcirculation and its relation to inulin clearance (CIn) was therefore studied before and after @entity8 in 28 @entity1707 under continuous intravenous @entity34022 - @entity6305 anaesthesia. The anaesthesia used provided essential stability in central haemodynamics. The animals were studied for 90 min of reperfusion following 0, 30 or 60 min of @entity8 . Twelve of the animals (four were subjected to each duration of @entity63 ) were also studied 18 h after start of reperfusion. Regional blood flow in the superficial renal cortex was measured by laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF), and tissue oxygenation ( @entity36724 ) by surface microelectrode technique. These techniques allow continuous or repeated measurements. During the first 90 min of reperfusion, superficial renal cortical blood flow measured by LDF (Qsrc) underwent considerable temporal variation which followed a certain pattern. Thus, when the renal arterial blood flow was restored after ischaemia, we observed an instant peak in Qsrc followed by a decreasing flow until a minimum value (Qmin) was reached between 3 and 9 min after start of reperfusion (tQmin). Thereafter, Qsrc increased until a maximal value (Qmax) was reached between 11 and 64 min after start of reperfusion (tQmax). The parameters tQmin and tQmax were related to inulin clearance 18 h after start of reperfusion (P less than 0.05 and P less than 0.01, respectively). Thus, it might be possible soon after start of reperfusion--to evaluate the severity of @entity16 . This could be useful in the evaluation of different prophylactic strategies, since the full extent of the @entity16 , as assessed by clearance determinations, cannot be established until hours later.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: @entity8 and tissue oxygenation in the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal ischaemia']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['ischaemic damage']

entities_list: @entity34022 :: ('MESH:D002719', 'Chemical') :: ['chlormethiazole']

entities_list: @entity6305 :: ('MESH:D010197', 'Chemical') :: ['pancuronium']

answer: @entity1707 :: (9823,Species) :: ['pig']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity161 is associated with large effect-size deficits in auditory sensory processing, as reflected in impaired delayed-tone matching performance. The deficit may reflect either @entity1109 , which would be indicative of @entity409 within auditory sensory (temporal) regions, or of increased distractibility, which would be indicative of @entity73 . The present study evaluates susceptibility of @entity161 subjects to same-modality distraction to determine whether @entity1 fit a "bitemporal" or "prefrontal" model of @entity409 . METHODS: Tone-matching ability was evaluated in 15 first-episode @entity1 , 18 outpatients with @entity102 , and 21 @entity1 in long-term residential care, relative to 32 nonpsychiatric controls of a similar age. A staircase procedure determined individual thresholds for attaining criterion level correct performance. RESULTS: Tone-matching thresholds in the absence of distractors were significantly elevated in @entity1 in long-term residential care relative to all other groups (P<.001). The effect size (d) of the difference relative to controls was extremely large (SD, 1.95). @entity161 @entity1 , even those with elevated tone-matching thresholds, showed no increased susceptibility to auditory distraction (P =.42). Deficits in tone-matching performance in subjects with @entity102 could not be attributed to medication status or level of symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that sensory processing dysfunction in @entity161 is particularly severe in a subgroup of @entity1 who can be considered poor-outcome based on their need for long-term residential treatment. Furthermore, the absence of increased auditory distractibility argues against @entity409 as an origin for auditory sensory imprecision in @entity161 . Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2000;57:1149-1155.

title: Auditory XXXX in @entity161 : imprecision or distractibility?

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['impaired prefrontal function']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['impaired sensory precision']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['neural dysfunction', 'sensory dysfunction', 'prefrontal dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic illness']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenic', 'schizophrenia', 'Schizophrenia', 'Schizophrenic']

answer: @entity409 :: (MESH:D008107,Disease) :: ['sensory dysfunction']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Outcome after @entity130 with severe @entity548 is still dismal. Since the majority of blood is present in the venous vessels, it might be beneficial to perform venous recruiting via the airway during severe @entity548 . Therefore, the purpose of our study was to evaluate the effects of negative expiratory pressure ventilation on mean arterial blood pressure, cardiac output, and short-term survival during severe @entity548 . DESIGN: Prospective study in 21 laboratory animals. SETTING: University hospital research laboratory. SUBJECTS: : Tyrolean @entity12526 . INTERVENTIONS: After induction of controlled @entity548 ( @entity190 approximately 45 mL/kg), 21 @entity1707 were randomly ventilated with either zero end-expiratory pressure (0 @entity9239 ; n = 7), 5 cm @entity2507 positive end-expiratory pressure (5 @entity9239 ; n = 7), or negative expiratory pressure ventilation (up to -30 cm @entity2507 at the endotracheal tube during expiration; n = 7). MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Mean (+/-sd) arterial blood pressure was significantly higher in the negative expiratory pressure ventilation @entity1707 when compared with the 0 @entity9239 (38 +/- 5 vs. 27 +/- 3 mm Hg; p = .001) and the 5 @entity9239 animals (38 +/- 5 vs. 20 +/- 6 mm Hg; p < .001) after 5 mins of the experiment. Cardiac output was significantly higher in the negative expiratory pressure ventilation @entity1707 when compared with the 0 @entity9239 (3.1 +/- .4 vs. 1.9 +/- .9 L/min; p = .001) and 5 @entity9239 animals (3.1 +/- .4 vs. 1.2 +/- .8 L/min; p < .001) after 5 mins of the experiment. All seven negative expiratory pressure ventilation animals, but only three of seven 0 @entity9239 animals (p = .022), survived the 120-min study period, whereas all seven of seven 5 @entity9239 animals were dead within 35 mins (p < .001). Limitations include that @entity190 was controlled and that the small sample size limits the evaluation of survival outcome. CONCLUSIONS: When compared with @entity1707 ventilated with either 0 @entity9239 or 5 @entity9239 , negative expiratory pressure ventilation during severe @entity548 improved mean arterial blood pressure and cardiac output.

title: Influence of negative expiratory pressure ventilation on hemodynamic variables during severe XXXX .

entities_list: @entity12526 :: ('9825', 'Species') :: ['domestic pigs']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhagic shock']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

answer: @entity548 :: (MESH:D006470,Disease) :: ['hemorrhagic shock']


abstract: AIM: To investigate the prevalence of @entity28 in a Chinese community according to the World Health Organization recommended criteria for Asians in 2000 based on body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC), and to examine the associations between @entity28 and the risk of @entity101 and @entity164 2 @entity6 among adults age 40 years and over in Shanghai, China. METHODS: A population-based survey was conducted in Youyi Community in Shanghai. Five thousand seventy-one subjects (1917 @entity1 and 3154 @entity1 ) were included in this study. Standard questionnaires were used to collect baseline data of @entity1 . Body weight, height, WC, blood pressure, and @entity413 in the blood were measured. RESULTS: The prevalence of general @entity28 was 44.6% (46.4% for @entity1 and 43.6% for @entity1 ) according to BMI and 36.1% (25.5% for @entity1 and 42.6% for @entity1 ) for central @entity28 according to WC. The prevalence of @entity28 I was higher in @entity1 (41.6%) than in @entity1 (36.2%; chi(2) =14.8, P<0.05), although the rate was higher in @entity1 than in @entity1 for @entity28 II (7.4% versus 4.8%, chi(2) =13.6, P<0.01) or central @entity28 (42.6% versus 25.5%, chi(2) =152.1, P<0.01). Odds ratios of @entity101 and @entity164 2 @entity6 were significantly higher in the @entity28 group compared with either the group with BMI 18.5-<23.0kg/m(2) or the group with WC<90cm for @entity1 or <80cm for @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: According to the criteria of @entity28 for Asians, the prevalence of @entity28 among Chinese adults age 40 years and over in Shanghai is high. Subjects with @entity28 have a significantly higher risk of @entity101 and @entity164 2 @entity6 .

title: @entity28 and its associations with @entity101 and @entity164 2 XXXX among Chinese adults age 40 years and over.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'men']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']


abstract: We have used computer averaging of electron micrographs from longitudinal and cross-sections of wild-type and mutant axonemes to determine the arrangement of the inner dynein arms in @entity2060 . Based on biochemical and morphological data, the inner arms have previously been described as consisting of three distinct subspecies, I1, I2, and I3. Our longitudinal averages revealed 10 distinguishable lobes of density per 96-nm repeating unit in the inner row of dynein arms. These lobes occurred predominantly but not exclusively in two parallel rows. We have analyzed mutant strains that are missing I1 and I2 subspecies. Cross-sectional averages of @entity30549 axonemes, which are missing the I1 subspecies, showed a loss of density in both the inner and outer portions of the inner arm. Averages from longitudinal images showed that three distinct lobes were missing from a single region; two of the lobes were near the outer arms but one was more inward. Serial 24-nm cross-sections of @entity30549 axonemes showed a complete gap at the proximal end of the repeating unit, confirming that the I1 subunit spans both inner and outer portions of the inner arm region. Examination of pf23 axonemes, which are missing both I1 and I2 subspecies, showed an additional loss almost exclusively in the inner portion of the inner arm. In longitudinal view, this additional loss occurred in three separate locations and consisted of three inwardly placed lobes, one adjacent to each of the two radial spokes and the third at the distal end of the repeating unit. These same lobes were absent @entity53925 axonemes, which lack only the I2 subspecies. The I2 subspecies thus does not consist of a single dynein arm subunit in the middle of the repeating unit. The radial spoke suppressor mutation, @entity53926 , is missing four polypeptides of previously unknown location. Averages of these axonemes were missing a portion of the structures remaining in pf23 axonemes. This result suggests that polypeptides of the radial spoke control system are close to the inner dynein arms.

title: Arrangement of inner dynein arms in wild-type and mutant flagella of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2060 :: ('3055', 'Species') :: ['Chlamydomonas reinhardtii']

answer: @entity2060 :: (3055,Species) :: ['Chlamydomonas']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To review all cases of @entity17390 ( @entity17390 ) of the head and neck published in Japanese dental journals 1977-1994. DESIGN: Retrospective review. SETTING: University hospital, Japan. SUBJECTS: 37 @entity1 with 38 @entity5 , mean age 23 years, female: male ratio 2.4:1. INTERVENTIONS: Enucleation alone (n=29, 78%), excision including covering skin (n=7, 19%), or excision including superficial lobe of parotid (n=1, 3%). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Presentation, site, recurrence, and histological features. RESULTS: Two @entity1 had @entity5 (5%). Most of the @entity5 were firm nodules covered with normal skin varying in size from 5 to 30 mm. The most common site was the preauricular region; 22 (58%) were in the anterior part. The follow up period ranged from 7 to 43 months during which there was only one recurrence. @entity5 were encapsulated and solid composed of either shadow and basophilic cells or shadow cells alone, and the stroma contained varying amounts of @entity730 , ossification, and keratinization. CONCLUSIONS: The diagnosis should be suspected when the mass is adherent to the skin but not fixed to the underlying tissue. It is difficult to distinguish between benign and @entity5 by imaging methods alone, so the recommended treatment must be complete excision including adherent skin.

title: XXXX ( @entity17390 ) of the head and neck: analysis of 37 cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity17390 :: ('MESH:D018296', 'Disease') :: ['pilomatrixoma', 'calcifying epithelioma']

entities_list: @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['calcification']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant tumours', 'Tumours', 'multiple tumours', 'tumours']

answer: @entity17390 :: (MESH:D018296,Disease) :: ['Calcifying epithelioma']


abstract: @entity1468 is a @entity74 characterized by @entity101 and @entity644 . In @entity1468 , the placenta releases factors into the maternal circulation that cause a systemic @entity409 . Herein, we investigated the effects of plasma from @entity1 with preeclamptic and normal pregnancies on the transcriptome of an immortalized @entity1 umbilical vein endothelial cell line. The cells were exposed for 24 hours to preeclamptic or normal pregnancy plasma and their transcriptome was analyzed using Agilent microarrays. A total of 116 genes were found differentially expressed: 71 were up-regulated and 45 were down-regulated. In silico analysis revealed significant consistency and identified four functional categories of genes: mitosis and cell cycle progression, anti-apoptotic, @entity844 biosynthesis, and endoplasmic reticulum stress effectors. Moreover, several genes involved in vasoregulation and endothelial homeostasis showed modified expression, including @entity2232 , @entity33403 , @entity16228 , and CBS. Promoter analysis detected, among the up-regulated genes, a significant overrepresentation of genes containing activation protein-1 regulatory sites. This correlated with down-regulation of @entity42714 , a gene encoding a repressor of activation protein-1. The role of @entity42714 in the regulation of a subset of genes in the @entity1 umbilical vein endothelial cells was confirmed by siRNA inhibition. We characterized transcriptional changes induced by preeclamptic plasma on @entity1 umbilical vein endothelial cells, and identified, for the first time to our knowledge, @entity42714 as a regulator of a subset of genes modified by preeclamptic plasma.

title: Preeclamptic plasma induces transcription modifications involving the AP-1 transcriptional regulator XXXX in endothelial cells.

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity844 :: ('CHEBI:35366', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['endothelial dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1468 :: ('MESH:D011225', 'Disease') :: ['preeclampsia', 'Preeclampsia']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['pregnancy disorder']

answer: @entity42714 :: (122953,Gene) :: ['JDP2']


abstract: The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of systemic antibiotics and local debridement in the treatment of experimentally induced @entity75 . 5 Labrador @entity235 , and about 1-year old, were included in the study. In order to establish bilateral recipient sites for implants the mandibular right and left 1st molars, 4th and 3rd premolars were removed. 6 @entity702 fixtures (Br  nemark System Nobelpharma AB, G  teborg, Sweden) were installed and standard abutments were connected 3 months after fixture installation. @entity2708 floss ligatures were placed in a submarginal position around the neck of the abutments and the animals were placed on a diet which allowed plaque accumulation. After 6-8 weeks, when the tissue destruction amounted to about 20% of the fixture length, the ligatures were removed. 1 month after ligature removal, an antibiotic regimen ( @entity115 and @entity868 ) was initiated and maintained for 3 weeks. In the left side of the mandible, buccal and lingual mucoperiosteal flaps were elevated, the granulation tissue within the bone craters adjacent to the implants was curetted, and the abutments were removed. The exposed outer surface, the internal part of the fixtures, as well as the abutments were treated with a detergent, @entity44039 . The cleaned abutments were autoclaved, and connected to the clean fixtures. The mucoperiosteal flaps were replaced to their original position, adapted to the abutments and sutured. A careful plaque control program was initiated for the left jaw quadrants. In the right side of the mandible no local treatment was given to the fixtures and the abutments following ligature removal. Furthermore, no plaque control was provided to the implant segments in the right jaws. After 4 months of healing block biopsies including one implant with adjacent hard and soft tissue were harvested and prepared for light microscopy. It was observed that systemic antimicrobial therapy, combined with implant cleaning, curettage of the @entity79 and regular plaque control resulted in (i) resolution of the @entity75 , (ii) a significant recession of the marginal periimplant mucosa, and (iii) a minor additional apical shift of the base of the @entity79 . In the untreated sites the plaque associated infiltrate remained and was in several sites examined in contact with the adjacent bone tissue.

title: The effect of antimicrobial therapy on @entity75 . An experimental study in the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity44039 :: ('MESH:C073738', 'Chemical') :: ['delmopinol']

entities_list: @entity868 :: ('MESH:D008795', 'Chemical') :: ['metronidazole']

entities_list: @entity115 :: ('MESH:D000658', 'Chemical') :: ['amoxicillin']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['periimplantitis lesions', 'periimplantitis lesion']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone defect']

entities_list: @entity702 :: ('MESH:D014025', 'Chemical') :: ['titanium']

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['dog']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine the cost-effectiveness of prenatal strategies for preventing @entity1892 ( @entity1892 ) and other serious @entity2348 and to establish the expected value of further information. DATA SOURCES: Electronic databases were searched up to March 2006. Expert opinion was also sought. REVIEW METHODS: Twelve mutually exclusive maternal risk groups were defined at presentation in labour and the consequences considered of early-onset @entity1892 and @entity2348 and late onset @entity2623 , measured in terms of lifetime NHS costs and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs). These were for @entity3152 (<37 weeks): (1) planned Caesarean section, (2) previous baby with @entity1892 , (3) positive urine or vaginal swab for @entity1892 in current pregnancy, (4) fever >or=38 degrees C during labour, (5) membrane rupture >or=2 hours before labour onset, (6) membrane rupture <2 hours before labour onset. For term delivery (>or=37 weeks): (7) planned Caesarean section, (8) previous baby with @entity1892 , (9) positive urine or vaginal swab for @entity1892 in current pregnancy, (10) fever >or=38 degrees C during labour, (11) membrane rupture >or=18 hours, and (12) none of the above risk factors. Fourteen intervention strategies were applied to each maternal risk group. Data inputs were obtained from systematic reviews, primary data and expert opinion. The model parameters were simultaneously estimated from the data inputs using Bayesian evidence synthesis. The expected net benefit was calculated relative to no intervention for each intervention within each risk group for two scenarios, with and without vaccination. Interventions with more than a 1% probability of being cost-effective (i.e. maximising net benefit at a threshold of 25,000 pounds per QALY gained) in a specific risk group were combined to form strategies. To limit antibiotic exposure, @entity1 who were low risk at presentation could not be treated without a positive culture or polymerase chain reaction result. RESULTS: Current best practice, comprising intravenous treatment for @entity221 , previous @entity1892 baby and previous @entity1892 swab or urine culture, and oral treatment for preterm pre-labour membrane rupture (groups 2-5 and 8-10) was not cost-effective. All cost-effective options involved treatment of all preterm groups and high-risk term groups (groups 8-10). Testing high-risk @entity1 for @entity1892 would not be cost-effective, as even those with negative results would be better off treated to reduce the risk of early-onset @entity2623 . In the absence of vaccination, culture-based testing of @entity1 in groups 11 and 12, combined with treatment for the rest, would be the most cost-effective strategy. If vaccination was available, vaccination for all and treatment for groups 1-10 would be marginally more cost-effective than treatment for groups 1-10 and culture for groups 11 and 12, but this is uncertain and is based on expert opinion on vaccine efficacy. The expected value of perfect information results suggest that moderate investment in research would be worthwhile. CONCLUSIONS: Based on our findings, immediate extension of current practice to treat all preterm and high-risk term groups would be beneficial. Further research aimed at the realisation of a @entity1892 vaccine should be prioritized.

title: Prenatal screening and treatment strategies to prevent group B streptococcal and other XXXX : cost-effectiveness and expected value of information analyses.

entities_list: @entity3152 :: ('MESH:D007752', 'Disease') :: ['preterm delivery']

entities_list: @entity2348 :: ('MESH:D001424', 'Disease') :: ['non-GBS bacterial infections', 'bacterial infections in early infancy']

entities_list: @entity2623 :: ('MESH:C531629', 'Disease') :: ['GBS infection', 'non-GBS infection']

entities_list: @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ['GBS', 'maternal GBS colonisation', 'GBS disease', 'group B streptococci']

answer: @entity2348 :: (MESH:D001424,Disease) :: ['bacterial infections in early infancy']


abstract: The effects of whole-body exposure to ambient temperatures of -15 degrees C and 23 degrees C on selected performance-related physiological variables were investigated in elite nonasthmatic cross-country skiers. At an ambient temperature of -15 degrees C we also studied the effects of the selective @entity2263 -adrenergic agonist @entity3045 (0.4 mg x 3) which was administered 10 min before the exercise test. Eight male cross-country skiers with known maximal @entity26 uptakes (VO2max) of more than 70 ml x kg(-1) x @entity1009 ) participated in the study. @entity26 uptake (VO2), heart rate (fc), blood @entity880 concentration ([La-]b) and time to exhaustion were measured during controlled submaximal and maximal running on a treadmill in a climatic chamber. Lung function measured as forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) was recorded immediately before the warm-up period and at the conclusion of the exercise protocol. Submaximal VO2 and [La-]b at the two highest submaximal exercise intensities were significantly higher at -15 degrees C than at 23 degrees C. Time to exhaustion was significantly shorter in the cold environment. However, no differences in VO2max or fc were observed. Our results would suggest that exercise stress is higher at submaximal exercise intensities in a cold environment and support the contention that aerobic capacity is not altered by cold exposure. Furthermore, we found that after @entity3045 inhalation FEV1 was significantly higher than after placebo administration. However, the inhaled @entity2263 -agonist @entity3045 did not influence submaximal and maximal VO2, fc, [La-]b or time to exhaustion in the elite, nonasthmatic cross-country skiers we studied. Thus, these results did not demonstrate any ergogenic effect of the @entity2263 -agonist used.

title: Effect of cold exposure (-15 degrees C) and XXXX treatment on physical performance in elite nonasthmatic cross-country skiers.

entities_list: @entity3045 :: ('MESH:D000420', 'Chemical') :: ['Salbutamol']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen', 'Oxygen']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

answer: @entity3045 :: (MESH:D000420,Chemical) :: ['salbutamol']