abstract: After the intraportal injection of EGF, the @entity470 ( @entity470 ) is rapidly internalized into hepatic endosomes where it remains largely receptor bound (Lai et al., 1989. J. Cell Biol. 109:2751-2760). In the present study, we evaluated the @entity10393 content of EGFRs at the cell surface and in endosomes in order to assess the consequences of internalization. Quantitative estimates of specific radioactivity of the @entity470 in these two compartments revealed that @entity669 phosphorylation of the @entity470 was observed at the cell surface within 30 s of ligand administration. However, the @entity470 was also highly phosphorylated in endosomes reaching levels of @entity669 phosphorylation significantly higher than those of the cell surface receptor at 5 and 15 min after EGF injection. A 55-kD @entity669 phosphorylated polypeptide (pyp55) was observed in association with the @entity470 at the cell surface within 30 s of EGF injection. The protein was also found in association with the @entity470 in endosomes as evidenced by coprecipitation studies using a mAb to the @entity470 as well as by coelution with the EGR in gel permeation chromatography. Limited proteolysis of isolated endosomes indicated that the @entity669 phosphorylated domains of the @entity470 and associated pyp55 were cytosolically oriented while internalized EGF was intraluminal. The identification of pyp55 in association with @entity470 in both hepatic plasma membranes and endosomes may be relevant to @entity470 function and/or trafficking of the @entity470 .

title: Association of the @entity669 phosphorylated epidermal growth factor receptor with a 55-kD XXXX phosphorylated protein at the cell surface and in endosomes.

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

entities_list: @entity10393 :: ('CHEBI:74956', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphotyrosine']

answer: @entity669 :: (CHEBI:18186,Chemical) :: ['tyrosine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2176 treatment failure for @entity281 caused by susceptible @entity3256 -resistant @entity794 ( @entity794 ) strains with high @entity6251 ( @entity6251 ) has prompted recent guidelines to recommend a higher @entity2176 target trough of 15 to 20 @entity4085 . METHODS: A prospective cohort study of adult @entity1 infected with @entity794 was performed to determine the distribution of @entity2176 @entity6251 and treatment outcomes with @entity2176 doses targeting an unbound trough of at least 4 times the @entity6251 . The microbiology laboratory computer records were used to identify all @entity1 from whom @entity794 was isolated from August 1, 2004, through June 30, 2005. Primary outcome measures were clinical response, mortality, and nephrotoxicity. @entity1 were placed into subgroups based on target trough attainment and high vs low @entity2176 @entity6251 (>/=2 vs <2 @entity4085 ) for efficacy and high vs low trough (>/=15 vs <15 @entity4085 ) for nephrotoxicity analyses. RESULTS: Of the 95 @entity1 in the study, 51 (54%) were infected with high- @entity6251 strains and had @entity55 (77%) and/or @entity2259 . An initial response rate of 74% was achieved if the target trough was attained irrespective of @entity6251 . However, despite achieving the target trough, the high- @entity6251 group had lower end-of-treatment responses (24/39 [62%] vs 34/40 [85%]; P = .02) and higher infection-related mortality (11/51 [24%] vs 4/44 [10%]; P=.16) compared with the low- @entity6251 group. High @entity6251 (P = .03) and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score (P = .009) were independent predictors of poor response in multivariate analysis. Nephrotoxicity occurred only in the high-trough group (11/63 [12%]), significantly predicted by concomitant therapy with other nephrotoxic agents. CONCLUSIONS: High prevalence of clinical @entity794 strains with elevated @entity2176 @entity6251 (2 @entity4085 ) requires aggressive empirical @entity2176 dosing to achieve a trough greater than 15 @entity4085 . Combination or alternative therapy should be considered for invasive @entity281 caused by these strains.

title: High-dose @entity2176 therapy for @entity3256 -resistant XXXX @entity281 : efficacy and toxicity.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3256 :: ('MESH:D008712', 'Chemical') :: ['methicillin']

entities_list: @entity2176 :: ('MESH:D014640', 'Chemical') :: ['vancomycin', 'Vancomycin hydrochloride']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus', 'MRSA']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity6251 :: ('MESH:C567712', 'Disease') :: ['MIC', 'minimum inhibitory concentration']

entities_list: @entity2259 :: ('MESH:D016470', 'Disease') :: ['bacteremia']

answer: @entity794 :: (1280,Species) :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']


abstract: PURPOSE OF REVIEW: @entity3501 ( @entity3501 ) commonly affects @entity1 with @entity3570 , @entity306 , and @entity1566 among other neurologic insults. @entity3501 is a significant source of physical and psychosocial morbidity. Treating @entity3501 requires a diligent relationship between @entity1 , caretaker, and provider in establishing and maintaining a successful bowel program. A well designed bowel program allows for regular, predictable @entity717 and prevents episodes of @entity1241 . RECENT FINDINGS: Treatment options for @entity3501 span conservative lifestyle changes to fecal diversion depending on the nature of the dysfunction. Lifestyle changes and oral laxatives are effective for many @entity1 . @entity1 requiring more advanced therapy progress to transanal irrigation devices and retrograde enemas. Those receiving enemas may opt for antegrade enema administration via a Malone antegrade continence enema or Chait cecostomy button, which are increasingly performed in a minimally invasive fashion. Select @entity1 benefit from fecal diversion, which simplifies care in more severe cases. SUMMARY: Many medical and surgical options are available for @entity1 with @entity3501 . Selecting the appropriate medical or surgical treatment involves a careful evaluation of each @entity1 's physical, psychosocial, financial, and geographic variables in an effort to optimize bowel function.

title: Medical and surgical management of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3501 :: ('MESH:D055496', 'Disease') :: ['NBoD', 'Neurogenic bowel dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity3570 :: ('MESH:D016135', 'Disease') :: ['spina bifida']

entities_list: @entity1566 :: ('MESH:D013119', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord injury']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['bowel movements']

entities_list: @entity1241 :: ('MESH:D005242', 'Disease') :: ['fecal incontinence']

entities_list: @entity306 :: ('MESH:D002547', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral palsy']

answer: @entity3501 :: (MESH:D055496,Disease) :: ['neurogenic bowel']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Variations of the dural venous sinuses may result in inaccurate imaging interpretation or complications during surgical approaches. One variation of the dural venous sinuses reported infrequently in the literature is the occipital sinus. We report an exceptional case of @entity50 . CASE REPORT: A 48-year-old right-handed @entity1 with a 5-month history of @entity101 and @entity177 presented with @entity10 , @entity391 , and blurred vision evolving over 48 hours. Neurological examination revealed @entity4 stage 1 with no others abnormalities. An initial brain computed tomography (CT) scan performed was normal. The opening pressure of @entity2841 was 35   cmH2O with normal level of protein and no hypercellularity in @entity2841 analysis. The evolution was marked by the occurrence of generalized @entity410 . A second CT scan performed showed a @entity50 . Magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance venography studies confirmed the diagnosis with highlighting the @entity715 of the occipital sinus in association to an @entity4122 of the torcular. The @entity1 received adequate anticoagulation for 6 months in association to antiepileptic drugs with a good evolution. DISCUSSION: According to our review, such a @entity715 must be a rare condition, because our literature search has shown a lack of any report describing this condition. Herein, we review the anatomy of the occipital sinus and we illustrate the characteristics of this unusual @entity715 with multiple imaging modalities. CONCLUSION: Understanding of the cerebral venous anatomy and recognition of venous variations essentially help when dealing with a pathology, which presents along with a particular venous variation, no matter how rare this combination is.

title: XXXX : An Exceptional Case Report.

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['tonic-clonic seizure']

entities_list: @entity2841 :: ('1437', 'Gene') :: ['CSF', 'cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['papillary edema']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['chronic renal failure']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['cephalalgia']

entities_list: @entity50 :: ('MESH:D012851', 'Disease') :: ['occipital sinus thrombosis', 'hyperdensity of the occipital sinus']

answer: @entity50 :: (MESH:D012851,Disease) :: ['Occipital Sinus Thrombosis']


abstract: AIMS: To characterize the clinicopathological features and biological potential of a group of soft tissue lesions with morphology intermediate between @entity3291 and low-grade myxofibrosarcoma. METHODS AND RESULTS: Thirty-eight lesions in 37 @entity1 were retrieved from the authors' consultation files. Clinical and follow-up data were obtained and the lesions were also studied immunohistochemically. @entity5 occurred in adults aged 25-83 years (mean 51.9 years) with a slight predominance in females. All cases, except two, were solitary. The extremities were preferentially involved (18 lower limb; nine upper limb), with seven lesions arising around the upper (2/7) and lower limb (5/7) girdles and four lesions occurring at other locations. Twenty-nine of 31 of the @entity5 , for which the depth was known, were situated deep to the superficial fascia, although only 19 were strictly intramuscular. Histologically these lesions were both more cellular and more vascular than @entity3291 , while lacking the cytological pleomorphism, nuclear atypia and curvilinear vascular pattern characteristic of low-grade myxofibrosarcoma. @entity2280 positivity in lesional cells was identified in 17/30 (57%) cases, probably reflecting their fibroblastic nature. Staining for alpha-smooth muscle actin was focally positive in 3/30 (10%) cases, while @entity2283 and @entity2281 protein staining were consistently negative. Clinical follow-up data (available in 22 cases; median duration 30 months) demonstrate that these lesions behave in a benign fashion with only a small risk of local recurrence if not excised completely; in this study only two @entity5 recurred, both of which originally had been incompletely excised. None metastasized. CONCLUSIONS: The risk of recurrence in this group of lesions which we have @entity3291 ' appears to be low. Consequently simple complete local excision is most often adequate treatment. Longer follow-up (5-10 years or more) in a larger number of cases will be important in more definitively confirming the natural history of these lesions.

title: XXXX of soft tissue: a clinicopathological study of 38 cases confirming indolent clinical behaviour.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Tumours', 'tumours']

entities_list: @entity3291 :: ('MESH:D009232', 'Disease') :: ["designated 'cellular myxoma", 'intramuscular myxoma']

answer: @entity3291 :: (MESH:D009232,Disease) :: ['Cellular myxoma']


abstract: PURPOSE: Retrospective studies suggest that prolonged treatment time adversely affects control rates of @entity957 managed by radiotherapy. From 1989 to 1994 a prospective clinical trial was conducted to assess the feasibility and efficacy of concomitant boost accelerated superfractionated (CBASF) radiotherapy for advanced uterine @entity2622 . METHODS AND MATERIALS: Twenty newly diagnosed @entity1 with FIGO stage III squamous cell @entity189 were irradiated using a CBASF regimen. @entity1 received 45 Gy administered to the whole pelvis in 25 fractions in 5 weeks. On Monday, Wednesday, and Friday of the last 3 weeks, an additional 1.6 Gy boost was given 6 hours after the whole pelvis treatment. The 9 boost treatments, totaling 14.4 Gy, were given via lateral fields encompassing the parametria and @entity5 for a cumulative @entity5 dose of 59.4 Gy. A single low-dose rate brachytherapy procedure was performed within 1 week after the external beam radiotherapy to raise the point A dose to 85-90 Gy in 42 days. Primary endpoints of analysis were local control, complications, and patterns of failure. Results are compared with the outcomes of 21 @entity1 treated with conventionally fractionated (CF) radiotherapy during the same years. RESULTS: Median total treatment time was 46 days in the CBASF group (range 37-62). Median follow-up interval among surviving CBASF @entity1 is 3.8 years. The four-year actuarial local control rates are 78% and 70% in the CBASF and CF groups, respectively (p = ns). Only 2 CBASF @entity1 required a treatment break because of acute @entity137 , but severe late complications occurred in 8/20 CBASF @entity1 for a crude rate of 40%. Distant failure was more common than local failure in the CBASF group, and para-aortic node failure occurred in six of the eight CBASF @entity1 with distant failure. CONCLUSIONS: In the management of @entity5 , the CBASF regimen produced a trend toward improved local control when compared with the CF regimen, shifting the patterns of failure toward a higher rate of isolated distant failures. The high frequency of para-aortic node failure warrants consideration of elective treatment to this region in stage III @entity1 treated with curative intent. Although the high local control rate of the CBASF regimen supports further investigation of accelerated treatment regimens for locally advanced @entity5 , the unacceptable risk of late complications necessitates refinement in technique and scheduling to improve the therapeutic ratio.

title: A pilot study of concomitant boost accelerated superfractionated radiotherapy for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cervix cancer', 'primary tumor', 'stage III cervix cancer']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity2622 :: ('MESH:D002583', 'Disease') :: ['cervical carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma of the cervix']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['stage III cancer of the uterine cervix']


abstract: Residual feed intake (RFI) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) can be incorporated into a breeding program as traits to select for feed efficiency. Alternatively, the direct measures used to calculate RFI and FCR can be analyzed to determine the underlying variation in the traits that impact overall efficiency. These constituent traits can then be appropriately weighted in an index to achieve @entity74 . To investigate feed efficiency in the @entity233 , feed intake and @entity1017 were measured on male primary breeder line @entity233 housed in individual feeding cages from 15 to 19 weeks of age. The FCR and RFI showed moderate heritability values of 0.16 and 0.21, respectively. Feed intake, body weight, and @entity1017 were also moderately heritable (0.25, 0.35, and 0.18, respectively). Weight gain was negatively correlated to feed conversion ratio and was not genetically correlated to RFI. Body weight had a small and positive genetic correlation to RFI (0.09) and FCR (0.12). Feed intake was positively genetically correlated to RFI (0.62); however, there was no genetic correlation between feed intake and FCR. These estimates of heritability and the genetic correlations can be used in the development of an index to improve feed efficiency and reduce the cost of production.

title: The genetic parameters of feed efficiency and its component traits in the @entity233 ( XXXX ).

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['weight gain']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['genetic gain']

entities_list: @entity233 :: ('9103', 'Species') :: ['turkey', 'turkeys']

answer: @entity233 :: (9103,Species) :: ['Meleagris gallopavo']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare @entity419 PET/CT and MRI for differentiating benign and malignant @entity1263 (BPNSTs and MPNSTs) and correlate imaging characteristics with histopathology. MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity1 with pathologically proven PNSTs undergoing @entity419 PET/CT were retrospectively reviewed. PET/CTs and, if available, MRIs were analyzed, noting multiple imaging characteristics and likely pathology (benign or malignant). RESULTS: Thirty-eight @entity1 with 23 BPNSTs and 20 MPNSTs were analyzed. MPNSTs had higher SUVmax (10.1      1.0, 4.2      0.4, p   <   0.0001), metabolic @entity5 volume (146.5      39.4, 21.7      6.6  cm(3), p   =   0.01), total lesion glycolysis (640.7      177.5, 89.9      23.2  cm(3)*g/ml, p   =   0.01), and SUVmax/LiverSUVmean (5.3      0.5, 2.0      0.2, p   <   0.0001). All lesions with SUVmax < 4.3 were benign. All lesions with SUVmax > 8.1 were malignant. SUVmax cutoff of 6.1 yielded 90.0  % sensitivity and 78.3  % specificity for MPNSTs. SUVmax/LiverSUVmean cutoff of 3.0 yielded 90.0  % sensitivity and 82.6  % specificity. MPNSTs more commonly had heterogeneous FDG activity (p   <   0.0001), perilesional @entity4 (p   =   0.004), @entity528 / @entity39 (p   =   0.015), and irregular margins (p   =   0.004). There was no difference in lesion size, MRI signal characteristics, or enhancement. Expertly interpreted MRI had 62.5-81.3  % sensitivity and 94.1-100.0  % specificity while PET had 90.0-100.0  % sensitivity and 52.2-82.6  % specificity for diagnosing MPNSTs. CONCLUSIONS: FDG PET and MRI play a complementary role in PNST evaluation. Multiple metabolic parameters and MRI imaging characteristics are useful in differentiating BPNSTs from MPNSTs. This underscores the potential critical role of PET/MRI in these @entity1 .

title: Evaluation of @entity419 PET and MRI in differentiating benign and malignant XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1263 :: ('MESH:D010524', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral nerve sheath tumors']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['cystic degeneration']

answer: @entity1263 :: (MESH:D010524,Disease) :: ['peripheral nerve sheath tumors']


abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of gland cottonseed dietary fiber (CSDF) containing 86% dietary fiber (mainly cellulose) on serum @entity413 levels in @entity6 @entity35 and in @entity2175 ( @entity2175 ) @entity1 . A diet containing 15% CSDF given to @entity3839 -induced @entity6 @entity35 for 30 d tended to reduce the postprandial plasma @entity413 level curve. Alternatively, CSDF significantly increased fecal weight (15 +/- 3 vs. 5 +/- 2 g; P less than 0.01) and shortened transit time (20 +/- 2.24 vs. 11.2 +/- 0.8 h). CSDF had no effect on body weight and serum lipid levels. Twelve @entity2175 subjects were given a meal tolerance test ( @entity98 ) with or without CSDF before and after daily supplementation of CSDF (16.5 g) in pita twice a day for a month. Incremental @entity413 levels were significantly (P less than 0.05) lower at 30, 60 and 180 min after the @entity98 containing CSDF than in subjects consuming a meal without CSDF. The insulin levels also tended to be lower. The @entity2175 subjects tolerated the CSDF well. No @entity11634 or other side effects were exhibited. Plasma lipid levels remained unchanged. We therefore concluded that CSDF may have a potential benefit in the management of @entity2175 .

title: Effects of cottonseed dietary fiber on metabolic parameters in @entity6 XXXX and non-insulin-dependent @entity6 @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity2175 :: ('MESH:D003924', 'Disease') :: ['NIDDM', 'non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic']

entities_list: @entity3839 :: ('MESH:D013311', 'Chemical') :: ['streptozotocin']

entities_list: @entity11634 :: ('MESH:D005414', 'Disease') :: ['flatulence']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: This was a retrospective study focusing on dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) to assess treatment response in @entity1 with spinal metastases. OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate DCE-MRI changes before and after radiation treatment and correlating with other imaging and clinical findings. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Currently, conventional imaging is limited in evaluating early treatment success or failure, which impacts @entity1 care. METHODS: Consecutive @entity1 with known spinal metastases underwent DCE-MRI before and after radiotherapy. Perfusion data on 19 lesions were analyzed. Radiotherapy was classified as success (n = 17) or failure (n = 2) on the basis of evidence of @entity5 contraction (n = 4), negative positron emission tomography (n = 2), or stability for more than 11 months (n = 11). Perfusion parameters blood plasma volume (Vp), time-dependent leakage (Ktrans), area under the curve, and peak enhancement were derived from the signal intensity-time curves and changes in parameter values from pre- to post-treatment were calculated. Curve morphologies were also qualitatively assessed in 13 pre- and 13 post-treatment scans. RESULTS: Vp was the strongest predictor of treatment response (false-positive rate = 9.38   10 and false-negative rate = 0.055). All successfully treated lesions showed decreases in Vp, and the 2 treatment failures showed drastic increases in Vp. Changes in area under the curve and peak enhancement demonstrated similar relationships to the observed treatment response, whereas changes in Ktrans showed no significant relationship. Signal intensity curve morphologies also demonstrated specificity for active disease (11 of 13) and treated disease (8 of 13). CONCLUSION: Changes in perfusion, particularly Vp, reflect @entity5 responses to radiotherapy in spinal bone metastases. These changes were able to predict positive outcomes earlier than 6 months after treatment in 16 of 17 @entity5 . The ability of DCE-MRI to detect early treatment response has the potential to improve @entity1 care and outcome.

title: Measurement of blood perfusion in spinal metastases with dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging: evaluation of XXXX response to radiation therapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumor']


abstract: The time interval between administering the serum and the virus was found to influence the results of the in vivo @entity19 protection test for @entity4021 antibodies. In particular, for both IgG and IgM antibodies to strain A12 virus, the @entity19 protection index increased from zero to a maximum at about 6 h and remained high for at least five days. Variations in the antiserum concentration, on a log scale, had a proportional effect on the @entity19 protection index, if between 1 and 3. The constant of proportionality was unity for @entity27244 for IgG antibody. Comparison with in vitro neutralization tests revealed essentially parallel neutralization curves. The lower serum titre in the protection test, if computed for less than 10(3) LD50/dose, was accounted for by the simple dilution of the inoculated serum into the volume of the @entity19 . Consequently, in the low titre range, the same virus-antibody reaction and its effect are operable in each of the two tests. Analysis of literature data in which both the in vivo protection test and the in vitro neutralization test results were available on the same sera showed consistency with the above conclusions for both @entity291 and @entity1707 sera. The protection test had a highly atypical survival pattern occurring at antibody concentrations expected to neutralize more than 10(3) LD50/dose. The resulting in vivo dampening effect on virus titre is postulated to be caused by the excess antibody of the passive immunity test interfering with the spread of infection. The effect is analogous to an @entity154 caused by not removing the inoculum in quantal tissue culture assays and it prevents quantification of antibody levels in strong sera.

title: Relationship between virus neutralization and serum protection bioassays for IgG and IgM antibodies to XXXX virus.

entities_list: @entity4021 :: ('MESH:D005536', 'Disease') :: ['foot-and-mouth disease']

answer: @entity4021 :: (MESH:D005536,Disease) :: ['foot-and-mouth disease']


abstract: G-CSF (granulocyte colony-stimulating factor) treatment has been shown to cause beneficial effects including a reduction of inducible @entity943 in rodent models of @entity296 . The aim of the present study was to test whether these effects do also apply to pacing-induced @entity712 . In 24 female @entity95 , @entity712 was induced by rapid ventricular pacing. 24 @entity95 were sham operated. The paced @entity95 developed a significant decrease of ejection fraction. 11 @entity712 @entity95 (CHF) and 11 sham-operated (S) @entity95 served as controls, whereas 13 sham (S-G-CSF) and 13 @entity712 @entity95 (CHF-G-CSF) were treated with 10   g/kg G-CSF s.c. over 17      4  days. G-CSF treatment caused a ~25% increased arterial and capillary density and a ~60% increased @entity1006 expression in failing hearts. In isolated, Langendorff-perfused @entity95 hearts eight monophasic action potential recordings showed prolongation of repolarization in CHF as compared with controls in the presence of the QT prolonging agent @entity2929 (+33      12  ms; p  <  0.01). Moreover, a significant increase in dispersion of repolarization contributed to a significantly higher rate of @entity1165 in CHF. G-CSF-pre-treated hearts showed a further increase in prolongation of repolarization as compared with S and CHF. The further increase in dispersion of repolarization [S-G-CSF: +23      9  ms (spatial), +13      7  ms (temporal); CHF-G-CSF: +38      14  ms (spatial), +10      4  ms (temporal); p  <  0.05 as compared with S and CHF], increased the incidence of @entity1165 . In summary, chronic G-CSF treatment has moderate beneficial effects on parameters potentially related to hemodynamic function in the non-ischemic @entity95 CHF model. However, a significant reduction of repolarization reserve might seriously challenge its suitability as a therapeutic agent for chronic CHF therapy.

title: G-CSF therapy reduces myocardial repolarization reserve in the presence of increased arteriogenesis, angiogenesis and XXXX expression in an experimental model of pacing-induced @entity712 .

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['non-ischemic heart failure', 'heart failure']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular tachyarrhythmias']

entities_list: @entity2929 :: ('MESH:D004917', 'Chemical') :: ['erythromycin']

entities_list: @entity95 :: ('9986', 'Species') :: ['rabbits', 'rabbit']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmias']

answer: @entity1006 :: (100008935(Tax:9986),Gene) :: ['connexin 43']


abstract: A fully automated assay to determine the enzymology of drug oxidation by the major @entity1 hepatic cytochrome P450s (CYPs; @entity4914 , -2C9, -2C19, -2D6, and -3A4) coexpressed functionally in @entity526 with @entity1 @entity1110 -P450 reductase has been developed and validated. Ten prototypic substrates were chosen for which clearance was primarily CYP-dependent, and the activities of these five major CYPs were represented. A range of intrinsic clearance (CL(int)) values were obtained for substrates in both pooled @entity1 liver microsomes (HLM; 1-380 microl. min(-1)mg(-1)) and recombinant CYPs (0.03-7 microl. min(-1)pmol(-1)) and thus the percentage contribution of individual CYPs toward their oxidative metabolism could be estimated. All the assignments were consistent with the available literature data. @entity11243 was metabolized by @entity5060 (70%) and @entity4433 (30%), @entity3175 by @entity4433 (100%), @entity5018 by @entity5060 (90%) and @entity4433 (10%), and @entity4546 by @entity4433 (68%) and @entity5322 (32%). @entity1406 and @entity14031 were primarily @entity5320 substrates and @entity1169 was metabolized by @entity5320 (59%), @entity4914 (26%), and @entity4433 (15%). Diltiazem, @entity251 , and @entity1855 were metabolized predominantly by @entity5322 . In addition, the metabolite profile for the CYP-dependent clearance of several markers determined by mass spectroscopy was as predicted from the literature. There was a good correlation between the sum of individual CYP CL(int) and HLM CL(int) (r(2) = 0.8, P <.001) for the substrates indicating that recombinant CYPs may be used to predict HLM CL(int) data. This report demonstrates that recombinant @entity1 CYPs may be useful as an approach for the prediction of the enzymology of @entity1 CYP metabolism early in the drug discovery process.

title: Automated definition of the enzymology of drug oxidation by the major XXXX drug metabolizing cytochrome P450s.

entities_list: @entity1169 :: ('MESH:D011433', 'Chemical') :: ['propranolol']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity3175 :: ('MESH:D003975', 'Chemical') :: ['diazepam']

entities_list: @entity1855 :: ('MESH:D014700', 'Chemical') :: ['verapamil']

entities_list: @entity5018 :: ('MESH:D007052', 'Chemical') :: ['ibuprofen']

entities_list: @entity14031 :: ('MESH:D003915', 'Chemical') :: ['dextromethorphan']

entities_list: @entity11243 :: ('MESH:D014044', 'Chemical') :: ['Tolbutamide']

entities_list: @entity1406 :: ('MESH:D008790', 'Chemical') :: ['Metoprolol']

entities_list: @entity4546 :: ('MESH:D009853', 'Chemical') :: ['omeprazole']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: Central dopaminergic activity is probably linked to regulation of @entity413 and lipid metabolism and weight maintenance. The aim of our study was to evaluate the relationship between central dopaminergic activity measured using the @entity3826 challenge test and metabolic parameters in healthy @entity1 . METHODS: Forty-two healthy @entity1 (average age 43.5    7.4 years, body mass index, BMI, 27.4    5.7) were examined anthropometrically and biochemically (glycemia, lipids, glycated hemoglobin). Central dopaminergic activity was assessed as the area under the curve (AUC) of prolactin (PRL) and @entity2124 ( @entity2124 ) responses to the @entity3826 challenge test after sublingual administration of @entity3826 in a dose of 0.033 mg/kg. @entity2690 resistance was quantified by calculation of @entity413 disposal and metabolic clearance rate during a euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp on two @entity2690 levels (1 and 10 mIU/kg/min). Linear regression was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Hormonal responses correlated negatively with age (for AUC/ @entity2124 r = -0.33; p = 0.031) and BMI (AUC/ @entity2124 r = -0.41; p = 0.007). After adjustment for age and BMI, a statistically significant negative correlations between AUC/PRL and total @entity165 (r = -0.41; p = 0.007), AUC/GH and HbA1c (r = -0.37; p = 0.016) and AUC/ @entity2124 and HOMA (homeostasis model assessment; r = -0.345; p = 0.025) were observed. CONCLUSION: Central dopaminergic activity declines with age and BMI. Higher total @entity165 , glycated hemoglobin and @entity2690 resistance parameters are connected with lower central @entity935 tone.

title: Central dopaminergic activity influences metabolic parameters in healthy XXXX .

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity3826 :: ('MESH:D001058', 'Chemical') :: ['apomorphine']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['men']


abstract: A recent anatomical study has reported a relationship between the presence of @entity1066 of the aortic arch and @entity385 . Several studies using transoesophageal echocardiography have established that atherothrombosis of the ascending and proximal is a potential source of systemic @entity887 . We have shown that aortic plaques > or = 4 mm in @entity121 increase the risk of @entity385 by 9. Several studies have shown that this localisation of @entity731 was also a powerful marker of general vascular risk. In the multicenter FAPS (French Study of Aortic Plaque in @entity64 ) trial, the authors followed up 331 @entity1 who had suffered @entity385 , aged over 60 years, for a mean duration of 2.4 years. The occurrence rate of @entity385 and the incidence of @entity65 ( @entity204 , @entity583 , @entity385 , systemic @entity887 ) was respectively 11.9% and 26% per year. The presence of plaques with @entity121 greater or equal to 4 mm was associated with an adjusted relative risk of 3.8 (95% confidence interval, 1.8 to 7.8) and 3.5 (95% confidence interval, 3.1 to 5.9) respectively. The influence of plaque morphology ( @entity715 , irregularity, absence of calcification), independently of its @entity121 , also seems to affect the prognosis. In this study, as in those reported by other groups, the influence of anti-thrombotic therapy was not specifically addressed. The definition of high risk plaques ( @entity121 , irregularity, @entity715 ) could be useful in the evaluation of therapy which affects the @entity731 process (antiplatelet agents, anticoagulants, statins). We conclude that @entity731 of the ascending aorta and aortic arch is a potential source of systemic @entity887 and a powerful marker of overall vascular risk.

title: [Evaluation of aortic XXXX by transesophageal echocardiography. Prognostic implications].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerated atheromatous plaque']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombus']

entities_list: @entity887 :: ('MESH:D004617', 'Disease') :: ['embolism']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerotic', 'atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['thickness']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular complications']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral infarction']

answer: @entity731 :: (MESH:D050197,Disease) :: ['atherosclerosis']


abstract: @entity22752 receptors are present in the spinal dorsal horn (SDH) and play an essential role in the regulation of nociception and @entity158 . @entity4481 ( @entity11974 ) has been used as a new antiepileptic drug in the treatment of @entity9 . However, it is unclear whether @entity11974 -induced @entity1337 was associated with the @entity22752 receptor in SDH. Here, @entity35 were randomly divided into four groups (n   =   12 per group), including 2 sham operation groups, which was treated by normal saline (Sham   +   NS group) or @entity11974 (Sham   +   @entity11974 group), other 2 groups with chronic compression of the dorsal root ganglion, a normal saline-treated @entity12740 group ( @entity12740 +NS group), and a @entity11974 -treated @entity12740 group ( @entity12740   +   @entity11974 group). A @entity35 model of @entity9 was used by compressing the right L4 and L5 dorsal root ganglia. Each group was evaluated using the @entity3347 ( @entity3347 ). The mRNA and protein levels of the @entity22752 receptor in the ipsilateral SDH were measured by RT-PCR, western blot, and immunofluorescence on 14 day after @entity12740 operation. @entity12740 @entity35 showed the highest mechanical @entity1931 and the @entity158 threshold in the four groups. Simultaneously, @entity12740 @entity35 showed higher @entity22752 mRNA and protein expression in ipsilateral side of the SDH than the sham operation @entity35 . However, the @entity3347 was increased and expression of @entity22752 mRNA and protein in the ipsilateral SDH in @entity12740 @entity35 was decreased 3 days after @entity11974 treatment. Thus, @entity11974 may partially reverse mechanical @entity1931 in @entity12740 @entity35 by inhibiting @entity22752 receptor expression in the ipsilateral SDH.

title: XXXX alters nociceptive behavior and expression level of @entity22752 receptor in the spinal dorsal horn in a @entity35 model induced by chronic compression of the dorsal root ganglion.

entities_list: @entity3347 :: ('MESH:D013375', 'Disease') :: ['mechanical withdrawal threshold', 'MWT']

entities_list: @entity1931 :: ('MESH:D006930', 'Disease') :: ['hyperalgesia']

entities_list: @entity1337 :: ('MESH:D000699', 'Disease') :: ['analgesia']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'lowest pain']

entities_list: @entity4481 :: ('MESH:C080245', 'Chemical') :: ['Pregabalin']

entities_list: @entity9 :: ('MESH:D009437', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathic pain']

answer: @entity4481 :: (MESH:C080245,Chemical) :: ['Pregabalin']


abstract: @entity3377 is a zoonotic disease and virtually all infections derived from exposure to animals or ingestion of unpasteurized dairy products. @entity3377 among family members has been reported. However, screening household members of an index case of @entity697 is not a routine procedure. A 10-y-old @entity1 was diagnosed with @entity697 . Unpasteurized @entity1237 cheese commonly consumed within the family was thought to be the possible source of the bacteria. The family (parents, sister and brother) was screened with physical examination, serum tube agglutination test, blood cultures and routine laboratory tests. Three additional cases (parents and sister) of serological and culture proven @entity3377 were detected. Two of them (mother and sister) were asymptomatic and had no clinical findings. @entity6467 3 was isolated from breast milk culture and from all blood cultures of 4 @entity3377 cases. In conclusion, @entity3377 , even with @entity582 , can be completely asymptomatic. Consumption of raw milk products by household members is a common risk factor for @entity3377 outbreak among family members. Thus, screening household members of an index case of @entity3377 can expose new @entity3377 cases.

title: Asymptomatic Brucella @entity582 and isolation of XXXX 3 from @entity1 breast milk.

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute brucellosis']

entities_list: @entity3377 :: ('MESH:D002006', 'Disease') :: ['brucellosis', 'Brucellosis']

entities_list: @entity6467 :: ('29459', 'Species') :: ['Brucella melitensis biovar']

entities_list: @entity582 :: ('MESH:C531821', 'Disease') :: ['bacteraemia']

answer: @entity6467 :: (29459,Species) :: ['Brucella melitensis biovar']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity26566 ( @entity26566 ) has been widely adopted in an attempt to decrease @entity548 during liver parenchymal transection. As a larger proportion of @entity1 are treated with chemotherapy prior to liver resection, the safety of @entity26566 in @entity1 with chemotherapy-associated @entity99 remains poorly investigated. This study aims to evaluate the influence of @entity26566 on early postoperative outcomes in @entity1 with chemotherapy-associated @entity99 undergoing major hepatectomy for @entity14 ( @entity14 ). @entity1 AND METHODS: From January 2000 to October 2010, 53 @entity1 with histologically proven chemotherapy-associated @entity99 [ @entity5501 ( @entity5501 ; n = 41), @entity1560 (n = 5), and both @entity5501 and @entity1560 (n = 7)] who underwent major hepatectomy for @entity14 were divided into two groups; @entity1 undergoing intermittent @entity3557 (n = 20) and those who did not undergo @entity3557 (n = 33). Perioperative clinicobiological factors, morbidity including septic complications, and mortality were analyzed and compared between the two groups. RESULTS: Intraoperative blood transfusions and postoperative liver function were comparable between the two groups. @entity295 and biloma occurred more often in @entity1 undergoing @entity26566 longer than 30 min than in those undergoing @entity26566  <= 30 min (66.7 % versus 17.1 %, p = 0.002, and 33.3 versus 0 %, p = 0.002, respectively). A multiple logistic regression analysis showed that prolonged @entity26566 (>30 min) and the ratio of future liver remnant volume to total liver volume  <= 43 % were independent factors for predicting @entity86 [odds ratio (OR): 32.68; 95 % confidence interval (95 % CI): 2.86-372.82; p = 0.005--and odds ratio: 9.70; 95 % CI: 1.04-90.86; p = 0.047, respectively]. CONCLUSIONS: @entity26566 can be safely used in @entity1 with chemotherapy-associated @entity99 who require major liver resection. Prolonged @entity26566 can increase the occurrence of postoperative biliary and septic complications.

title: Prolonged portal triad clamping @entity86 after major hepatectomy in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1560 :: ('MESH:D005234', 'Disease') :: ['steatohepatitis']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity26566 :: ('MESH:D006975', 'Disease') :: ['Portal triad clamping', 'PTC']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative sepsis']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal liver metastases', 'CLM']

entities_list: @entity5501 :: ('MESH:D006504', 'Disease') :: ['SOS', 'sinusoidal obstruction syndrome']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['liver injuries', 'liver injury']

answer: @entity5501 :: (MESH:D006504,Disease) :: ['sinusoidal obstruction syndrome and/or steatohepatitis']


abstract: Resection of large bullae to decompress adjacent lung tissue with the goal of improving pulmonary function has been an accepted surgical approach for many years. However, the indication for lung volume reduction is not bullous disease but @entity2415 and the surgical approach is based on an entirely different concept. The resection of the most affected parts of the @entity13404 aims at a reduction of the over expansion of the chest with the goal of improving respiratory mechanics. This concept was introduced by Brantigan in 1959, but has failed to gain widespread acceptance until recently. Based on the extensive experience in lung transplantation for @entity1 with end stage @entity2415 J. D. Cooper reevaluated the idea successfully. He reported remarkable improvements in FEV1 and a reduction in hyperinflation after performing bilateral lung volume reduction through a median sternotomy. During the last 2 years we performed bilateral lung volume reduction in more than 30 @entity1 with @entity2415 using video assisted thoracoscopy (VAT) and studied the results prospectively. In the first 20 @entity1 preoperative mean forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) was 765 ml/sec and improved by a mean of 42% (0-100%) three months postoperatively. This gain in FEV1 was already observed at the end of hospitalisation approximately two weeks after surgery. The 12 minute walking distance improved over 40%. In our highly selected study population we had no perioperative mortality. Lung volume reduction is a palliative treatment of severe @entity2542 . Currently no data is available on the duration of the improvement. In this selected group of @entity1 @entity1353 is reduced and pulmonary mechanics are improved, with a resulting increase in quality of life.

title: Thoracoscopic lung volume reduction surgery for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity13404 :: ('MESH:D041882', 'Disease') :: ['emphysematous parenchyma']

entities_list: @entity2415 :: ('MESH:D004646', 'Disease') :: ['emphysema', 'diffuse emphysema']

entities_list: @entity2542 :: ('MESH:D011656', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary emphysema']

answer: @entity2415 :: (MESH:D004646,Disease) :: ['emphysema']


abstract: The clinical presentation, disease course, response to treatment, and long-term outcome of thirty childhood @entity2646 ( @entity2646 ) @entity1 are presented representing the largest cohort reported to date. Most @entity1 (60%) presented with chronic (>8-weeks) symptom-onset while a smaller proportion showed sub-acute (4-8 weeks) or acute ('' @entity5011 -like''; <4 weeks) onset of disease. No gender predilection was observed. The majority of @entity1 had a relapsing (70%) versus a monophasic (30%) temporal profile. Most received initial IVIG monotherapy; 80% showing a good response. Long-term follow-up (mean=3.8 years) was available for 23 @entity1 ; 45% were off all immunomodulatory medications, demonstrating no detectable (55%) or minimal (43%) clinical deficits. Our data were compared with 11 previously published childhood @entity2646 series providing a comprehensive review of 143 childhood @entity2646 cases. The combined initial or first-line treatment response across all studies was favourable for IVIG (79% @entity1 ) and @entity288 (84% @entity1 ). Response to first-line plasma exchange was poor (only 14% @entity1 improved) although it may offer some transient or partial benefit as an adjuvant or temporary therapy for selected @entity1 . The combined long-term outcome of our cohort and the literature reveals a favourable prognosis for most @entity1 . The combined modified Rankin scale decreased from 3.7 (at presentation) to 0.7 (at last follow-up). This review provides important data pertaining to clinical course, treatment response and long-term outcome of this relatively uncommon @entity792 .

title: Childhood XXXX : combined analysis of a large cohort and eleven published series.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2646 :: ('MESH:D020277', 'Disease') :: ['CIDP', 'chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['paediatric autoimmune disease']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity2646 :: (MESH:D020277,Disease) :: ['chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of mast cells in the development of @entity8 in @entity1 with @entity5417 ( @entity5417 ) and possible mechanisms. METHODS: @entity982 -embedded renal biopsy tissue sections from 20 @entity1 with @entity5417 were examined for the levels of tryptase-beta and @entity2533 ( @entity2533 ) by immunohistochemical staining. Mast cells were counted by @entity11979 staining. Masson staining was used to assess the level of @entity8 and renal histopathological scores. Normal renal tissue sections from 5 nephrectomized @entity1 for @entity12878 were used as control group. RESULTS: The percentages of positive tryptase-beta cellsand mast cells and the @entity2533 expression in the @entity5417 group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The percentages of positive tryptase-beta cells and mast cells and the @entity2533 expression in renal tissue were positively correlated with the glomeruli histopathological score (r =0.940, 0.920, 0.937, respectively; P < 0.05) and were also positively correlated with the histopathological score of renal interstitium (r=0.903, 0.859, 0.948, respectively; P < 0.05). The level of @entity8 was positively correlated with the percentages of positive tryptase-beta cells and mast cells and the expression of @entity2533 (r =0.790, 0.766, 0.858, respectively; P < 0.05). There was a positive correlation between the percentages of positive tryptase-beta cells and mast cells (r =0.941, P < 0.05), between the percentage of positive tryptase-beta cells and the @entity2533 expression (r =0.897, P < 0.05) and between the percentage of positive mast cells and the @entity2533 expression (r=0.942, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Tubulointerstitial mast cell infiltration is associated with the development of @entity8 in @entity1 with @entity5417 . Mast cells together with @entity2533 and mast cell-derived tryptase-beta may be involved in the development of the @entity8 in @entity5417 .

title: [Role of mast cells in the development of @entity8 in @entity1 with XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal interstitial fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity11979 :: ('MESH:D014048', 'Chemical') :: ['toluidine blue']

entities_list: @entity982 :: ('MESH:D010232', 'Chemical') :: ['Paraffin']

entities_list: @entity5417 :: ('MESH:D011695', 'Disease') :: ['HSPN', 'Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis']

entities_list: @entity2533 :: ('7040', 'Gene') :: ['TGF-beta1', 'transforming growth factor-beta1']

answer: @entity5417 :: (MESH:D011695,Disease) :: ['Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity30974 has been added to local anesthetic to increase the length of the anesthetic effect and reduce @entity137 during dental procedures. However, the effect on blood pressure remains uncertain, and this may be highly relevant in the dental treatment of @entity101 @entity1 . OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of @entity30974 on blood pressure in @entity101 @entity1 with controlled BP. METHODS: 71 subjects with these characteristics and in need of periodontal treatment were studied. After 10 minutes of rest, local anesthesia ( @entity5403 ) was infiltrated with and without addition of @entity30974 . Then, a deep subgingival scaling was performed. Blood pressure was measured by an automated oscillometric device (DIXTAL DX2010). Ten minutes after the administration of the anesthetic, peak anesthetic action was recorded. The State-Trait @entity148 Inventory (STAI) was used to assess the @entity1 ' trait @entity148 . RESULTS: Systolic blood pressure increased after anesthesia, regardless of association with @entity30974 , throughout the dental procedure (p<0.05) and this response can be explained, at least in part, by the trait @entity148 levels of the subjects. However, a further @entity551 was observed when @entity5403 was associated with @entity30974 (p<0.05), but this response did not change with trait @entity148 levels. CONCLUSION: @entity30974 increased the diastolic blood pressure of @entity101 @entity1 with controlled blood pressure. @entity1 with high trait @entity148 presented @entity101 upon some procedures, suggesting that an increase in blood pressure might also be related to fear or @entity148 .

title: @entity30974 increases blood pressure during dental procedures in @entity101 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5403 :: ('MESH:D011318', 'Chemical') :: ['prilocaine']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['increases in systolic blood pressure', 'hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity30974 :: ('MESH:D005259', 'Chemical') :: ['Felypressin', 'felypressin']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['Anxiety', 'anxiety']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['increase in diastolic blood pressure']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and promoter hypermethylation are vital epigenetic mechanisms for transcriptional inactivation of @entity5 suppressor. @entity38768 is a newly identified @entity5 suppressor gene and hypermethylation involves the decreased expression in @entity356 . However, the microRNA regulatory mechanism on @entity38768 expression is still unclear. In this study, we report an @entity38768 -targeting miRNA-544, which directly targets 3'-UTR of @entity38768 gene by luciferase reporter assay. @entity38769 suppresses the protein expression of @entity38768 gene by Western blot and immunocytochemistry. Ectopic expression of @entity38769 promotes cell proliferation and cell cycle progression significantly in vitro on @entity356 cells. The study suggests that @entity38769 is an oncogenic microRNA in @entity356 . Over expression of @entity38769 contributes to the inactivation and low-expression of @entity38768 in @entity356 . These findings are helpful for clarifying the molecular mechanisms involved in @entity356 and indicate that @entity38769 is a key regulator in switching cell cycle on or off. @entity38769 may be a potential molecular target in miRNA-based strategy on @entity356 .

title: Oncogenic @entity38769 is an important molecular target in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer', 'gastric carcinogenesis']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['gastric cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity124 ( @entity124 ) and chromosomal instability are main mechanisms underlying @entity14 . We determined the features and prognosis of @entity14 based on @entity124 including mismatch repair genes and expression of @entity876 . METHODS: Between 1999 and 2008, a total of 2,649 @entity14 @entity1 were analyzed using a prospective database. A mismatch repair defect (MMR-D) was defined as a loss of expression of more than one MMR protein and/or @entity124 -high. MMR-proficiency (MMR-P) was defined as expression of all MMR proteins and microsatellite stable (MSS)/ @entity124 -low. Groups 1 (G1), 2 (G2), 3 (G3), and 4 (G4) were defined as MMR-D and @entity876 -positive expression, MMR-D and @entity876 -negative expression, MMR-P and @entity876 -positive expression, MMR-P and @entity876 -negative expression, respectively. RESULTS: Eighty-two (3.0%), 181 (6.8%), 1,368 (51.7%), and 1,018 (38.5%) @entity1 were classified into groups 1-4, respectively. Comparison between G1 and G2 showed differences in location (p < 0.001), size (p = 0.030), node @entity3 (p = 0.027), distant @entity3 (p = 0.009), and stage (p = 0.040). Comparison between G3 and G4 showed differences in location (p < 0.001) and histology (p < 0.001). Comparison between @entity43881 showed differences in location (p < 0.001) and histology (p < 0.001). Comparison between @entity19909 showed differences in age (p < 0.001), location (p < 0.001), size (p = 0.006), histology (p < 0.001), node @entity3 (p < 0.001), distant @entity3 (p < 0.001), and stage (p < 0.001). On multivariate analysis, stage (p = 0.007) and histology (p < 0.001) were associated with improved overall survival, and stage (p < 0.001) was associated with disease-free survival. CONCLUSIONS: According to the @entity124 and @entity876 subsets, @entity14 showed different clinicopathologic features, but these subsets had no prognostic impact on overall and disease-free survival rate.

title: An alternative pathway in @entity14 based on the mismatch repair system and XXXX expression in Korean @entity1 with sporadic @entity14 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity124 :: ('MESH:D053842', 'Disease') :: ['Microsatellite instability', 'MSI']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancers', 'colorectal carcinogenesis', 'colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity876 :: (7157,Gene) :: ['p53']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity299 are common in @entity1 after @entity583 . They play an important role in the course and in prognosis of this illness. Signal-averaged electrocardiogram (SAECG) is a non-invasive diagnostic method for the induction of sustained monomorphic @entity1165 . Early opening of the @entity1188 decreases occurrence of @entity67 in these @entity1 . The aim of this study was to establish the connection between the late potentials of the QRS complex (SAECG) and unsuccessful reperfusion in @entity1 with @entity583 ( @entity583 ). MATERIAL AND METHODS: After @entity583 , presence of SAECG was examined in @entity1 receiving reperfusion therapy in order to establish the treatment outcome. Late potentials in SAECG were determined by computer measurements in regard to criteria for its positivity. RESULTS: The study group consisted of 33 @entity1 . Out of 23 @entity1 with successful reperfusion, only 6 (26.1%) had late potentials, in contrast to the group without reperfusion, 8 (80%) out of 10 @entity1 had late potentials. CONCLUSION: Based on our results, we can conclude that there is a significant association between the presence of late ORS-complex potentials (SAECG) and unsuccessful reperfusion. Also, we can conclude that presence of late potentials is an independent predictor of @entity1188 patency in @entity1 with @entity583 treated with thrombolytic therapy.

title: [Effects of reperfusion on late potentials of the QRS complex in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarct-related artery']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['Cardiac rhythm disorders']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['AMI', 'myocardial infarction', 'acute myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular disorders']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['acute myocardial infarction']


abstract: Limited evidence to date has demonstrated changes in excitability that develops over the contralateral motor cortex after a @entity1188 . As such, the present study investigated changes in excitability over the contra- (contraM1) and ipsilateral motor cortices (ipsiM1), in @entity1 with @entity1188 , to determine whether the changes may have functional relevance. Paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation, combined with detailed clinical assessment, was undertaken in ten @entity1 presenting with acute @entity1188 . Studies were undertaken within 1  week of ictus and followed longitudinally at 3-, 6-, and 12-month periods. Comparisons were made with 15 age-matched controls. Immediately following a @entity64 , @entity851 ( @entity851 ) was significantly reduced over the contraM1 in all @entity1 (P   =   0.01), while reduced over the ipsiM1 in those with severe functional impairment (P   =   0.01). Moreover, ipsiM1 @entity851 correlated with impairment (r   =   0.69, P   =   0.03), such that less @entity851 was observed in those @entity1 with most impairment. Cortical excitability changes persisted over the follow-up period in the context of clinical improvement. Following an @entity1188 , @entity854 develop over both motor cortices, more prominently in @entity1 with severe functional impairment. The cortical changes, particularly over the ipsilateral motor cortex, may represent a functionally relevant plastic process that may guide future therapeutic strategies to better facilitate recovery.

title: Motor cortex excitability in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['short-interval intracortical inhibition', 'SICI']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['excitability abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['cerebellar infarct', 'unilateral cerebellar infarct', 'acute cerebellar infarct']

answer: @entity1188 :: (MESH:D007238,Disease) :: ['acute cerebellar infarct']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Severe @entity56 @entity1 may not be controlled even with guideline recommended care, including inhaled corticosteroids, long-acting @entity2263 agonists, @entity2544 , oral @entity230 and anti-leukotrienes. They experience exacerbations requiring intensive healthcare use and which may be fatal. Omalizumab, a new monoclonal antibody for use in IgE-mediated @entity56 , reduces exacerbations and daily symptoms in this @entity1 population. The aim of this study is to estimate the cost effectiveness of adding omalizumab to optimized standard therapy (ST) in @entity1 with severe persistent @entity56 . METHODS: A Markov model comparing lifelong ST with a treatment period of omalizumab add-on therapy followed by ST, was developed based on efficacy data from the INNOVATE trial (28 weeks, N = 419) and Swedish life table and cost data. This model assumes that @entity1 are at risk of having an exacerbation every 2 weeks and are at risk of dying from a clinically significant severe @entity565 exacerbation. @entity1 in a steady-state of having no exacerbations are defined to be in an 'optimized @entity565 control' state. Resource use data and utilities were obtained from INNOVATE and from a UK observational study. Costs from a societal perspective include estimates for drugs, routine care, exacerbations and costs in added years of life; benefits are expressed in QALYs. The response to omalizumab was evaluated after 16 weeks of trial, and non-responders stopped taking omalizumab for the remaining time. RESULTS: Total lifetime discounted costs and QALYs on ST were 52,702 @entity7634 and 11.60. Omalizumab add-on therapy cost an additional 42,754 @entity7634 for 0.76 additional QALYs, resulting in an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of 56,091 @entity7634 . A probabilistic sensitivity analysis indicates that the 95% CI around the @entity10679 is [31,328 @entity7634 ; 120,552 @entity7634 ]. One-way analyses indicate that the results are sensitive to the exacerbation-related mortality rate, the time horizon and the discount rates. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the model and the assumptions used, our results suggest that omalizumab provides cost offsets, improves quality of life and may have an attractive @entity10679 in treating the severe @entity56 population.

title: The economic value of anti-IgE in severe persistent, @entity56 XXXX : adaptation of INNOVATE to Sweden.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2544 :: ('MESH:D013806', 'Chemical') :: ['theophylline']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic diseases', 'allergic asthma', 'IgE-mediated (allergic) asthma']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: The hemodynamic functional response is used as a reliable marker of neuronal activity in countless studies of brain function and cognition. In newborns and @entity1 , however, conflicting results have appeared in the literature concerning the typical response, and there is little information on brain metabolism and functional activation. Measurement of all hemodynamic components and @entity26 metabolism is critical for understanding neurovascular coupling in the developing brain. To this end, we combined multiple near infrared spectroscopy techniques to measure oxy- and deoxy-hemoglobin concentrations, cerebral blood volume (CBV), and relative cerebral blood flow (CBF) in the somatosensory cortex of 6 preterm neonates during passive tactile stimulation of the hand. By combining these measures we estimated relative changes in the cerebral metabolic rate of @entity26 consumption (rCMRO2). CBF starts increasing immediately after stimulus onset, and returns to baseline before blood volume. This is consistent with the model of pre-capillary arteriole active dilation driving the CBF response, with a subsequent CBV increase influenced by capillaries and veins dilating passively to accommodate the extra blood. rCMRO2 estimated using the steady-state formulation shows a biphasic pattern: an increase immediately after stimulus onset, followed by a post-stimulus undershoot due to blood flow returning faster to baseline than oxygenation. However, assuming a longer mean transit time from the arterial to the venous compartment, due to the immature vascular system of premature @entity1 , reduces the post-stimulus undershoot and increases the flow/consumption ratio to values closer to adult values reported in the literature. We are the first to report changes in local rCBF and rCMRO2 during functional activation in preterm @entity1 . The ability to measure these variables in addition to hemoglobin concentration changes is critical for understanding neurovascular coupling in the developing brain, and for using this coupling as a reliable functional imaging marker in neonates.

title: Somatosensory evoked changes in cerebral XXXX consumption measured non-invasively in premature neonates.

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

answer: @entity26 :: (MESH:D010100,Chemical) :: ['oxygen']


abstract: We report a male caucasian German pediatric @entity1 of no Arab or Mediterranean ancestry with @entity778 associated CNS lesions in @entity44557 ( @entity44557 ; McKusick No. 214450). The @entity1 presented with recurrent infections, and @entity693 with subsequent progressive signs of @entity428 leading to death at 32 weeks of age. At autopsy, various sites of the CNS revealed @entity39 in gray and white matter. CNS histology revealed numerous and massive predominantly perivascular @entity405 positive lymphohistiocytic infiltrates. These findings were associated strictly with the presence of @entity780 ) genome or the @entity780 specific late antigen H-AR 3, found in neurons, oligodendrocytes, and astrocytes. The search for @entity780 replication dependent antigen, @entity44558 DNA, @entity2834 , adenovirus, Coxsackie B1, B2, and B4-antigens, and mycobacteria was not successful. Detection of viruses was attempted using immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization or nested polymerase chain reaction, respectively. Lymphocyte typing was carried out immunohistochemically. In @entity44557 , @entity778 induced @entity16 does not seem to require necessarily active @entity778 replication. It may also appear as a consequence of an immune reaction triggered by antigen expression.

title: @entity780 )-associated XXXX in @entity44557 .

entities_list: @entity428 :: ('MESH:D019586', 'Disease') :: ['increased intracranial pressure']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necroses']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['CNS damage']

entities_list: @entity693 :: ('MESH:D008581', 'Disease') :: ['meningitis']

entities_list: @entity44557 :: ('MESH:C537301', 'Disease') :: ['GS', "Griscelli's syndrome"]

entities_list: @entity780 :: ('10368', 'Species') :: ['HHV-6', 'human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6']

answer: @entity39 :: (MESH:D009336,Disease) :: ['necrotizing encephalitis']


abstract: To investigate the association of dietary habits with cognitive function among elders (>65 years). Complete sociodemographic, dietary information, serum measurements, and @entity1032 ( @entity1032 ) assessments were available for 237 elderly @entity1 and 320 @entity1 residing in Velestino, Greece (a rural Greek town). All models were adjusted for age, education, social activity, smoking, @entity308 symptomatology (using the Geriatric Depression Scale), MedDietScore (range 0-55), and @entity209 . About 49.8% @entity1 and 66.6% @entity1 had @entity1032 scores <24, with a mean @entity1032 score of 22.7  4.43 and 21.1  4.73, respectively. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was moderate (mean MedDietScore of 34.1  3.25 in @entity1 and 35.1  2.48 in @entity1 ). Indicative @entity73 ( @entity1032 score <24) was positively associated with age and low education in @entity1 and with @entity308 , low education status, and low social activity in @entity1 . Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was positively associated with @entity1032 score in @entity1 (P=.02), but inversely associated in @entity1 (P=.04). Concerning the food groups studied, intake of pulses, nuts, and seeds was associated with lower likelihood of having @entity1032 score<24 in @entity1 (P=.04). Only the Mediterranean dietary pattern showed a significant association with @entity1032 score positive for @entity73 (i.e., protective in @entity1 , but not in @entity1 ), while individual food groups or nutrients did not achieve significance. The latter findings support the role of whole diet in the prevention of @entity146 , and state a research hypothesis for a sex-diet interaction on cognitive function among elders.

title: XXXX and dietary habits among elders: the Velestino Study.

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['MMSE', 'Mini-Mental State Examination']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive symptoms', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['mental disorders']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic syndrome']

answer: @entity73 :: (MESH:D003072,Disease) :: ['Cognitive impairment']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity244 ( @entity244 ) is considered an @entity792 , which is characterized by disorders of humoral and cell-mediated immunity. The objective of the work was to assess the ratio of T and B lymphocytes, subpopulations of T lymphocytes and NK cells in the peripheral blood of @entity1 suffering from @entity244 . METHODS AND RESULTS: The investigated group was formed by 22 @entity1 with the diagnosis of primary @entity244 (mean age 55.7 years, range 39-83 years), 17 @entity1 with the diagnosis of secondary @entity244 (mean age 60.5 years, range 45-79 years). The ration of CD3-, @entity404 -, @entity405 -, @entity1075 -, @entity5893 -, @entity2902 - HLA DR- cells in full blood was assessed by the monoclonal antibody technique of direct immunofluorescence, using evaluation by means of a flow cytometer. The results were compared by statistical methods with a control group of blood donors using Student's t-test, A relative increase of the ratio of CD3- T lymphocytes was revealed in @entity1 with primary @entity244 (75.3 +/- 17.9 %, p = 0.380) and secondary @entity244 (73.7 +/- 11.8, p = 0.326), as compared with controls (65.3 +/- 10.3%). The absolute number of the subpopulation of suppressor helper inducer @entity404 + T lymphocytes was markedly lower in @entity1 with primary @entity244 (0.056 +/- 0.27 - 10(9)/l, p = 0.0154), as compared with controls (0.81 +/- 0.27, 10(9)/l. The relative number of suppressor cytotoxic @entity405 - T lymphocytes was significantly higher in @entity1 with primary @entity244 (33.7 +/- 15.0%, p = 0.0001 and secondary @entity244 (30.5 +/- 11.0%, p = 0.0002), as compared with controls (17.2 +/- 6.0%). The absolute number of inhibitory cytotoxic T lymphocytes was significantly higher in @entity1 with primary @entity244 (0.47 +/- 0.3. 10(9)/1, p = 0.0084) and @entity1 with secondary @entity244 (0.48 +/- 0.3, 10(9)/l, p = 0.0072). The relative number of @entity4755 + NK cells was significantly higher in @entity1 with primary @entity244 (21.1 +/- 11.0%, p = 0.0001) and secondary @entity244 (19.3 +/- 11.7%, p = 0.0023). The absolute number of NK cells was significantly higher in @entity1 with primary @entity244 (0.28 +/- 0.20, 10(9)/l, p = 0.0025 and in @entity1 with secondary @entity244 (0.31 +/- 0.23, 10(9)/l, p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The revealed statistically significant increases in the number of T lymphocytes in @entity1 with @entity244 is probably caused by a significant increase of the subpopulation of @entity405 + suppressor cytotoxic T lymphocytes. The latter probably overlap with the population of NK cells. These @entity1200 are even more marked in @entity1 with primary @entity244 due to the decrease of the absolute number of @entity404 + helper inducer T lymphocytes.

title: [Cell-mediated immunity in XXXX with Sjogren's syndrome].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1200 :: ('MESH:D007154', 'Disease') :: ['immunological abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity244 :: ('MESH:D014899', 'Disease') :: ["Sj  gren's syndrome", 'SS']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune immunopathological disease']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: @entity588 and @entity1836 are proteins known to inhibit cell death (apoptosis). Expression of these proteins in @entity7667 has not been extensively examined. This study retrospectively evaluates @entity588 and @entity1836 immunostaining in paraffin-embedded materials in @entity7667 . Twenty-nine @entity7667 in 17 males and 12 females, age 2.5 to 47 years (mean, 20.7 years), were studied. Nineteen @entity5 were situated primarily in the temporal lobe. All but three @entity1 presented with @entity410 ranging from 3 months to 28 years' duration (mean, 11.1 years) before surgery. All @entity5 histologically were comprised of an atypical neuronal component and a @entity11 component, which most frequently resembled a low-grade @entity816 . @entity6795 was observed adjacent to eight @entity5 . @entity1758 (marker of cell proliferation) labeling indices (percentage of positively staining @entity5 cell nuclei) ranged from 0 to 7.7 (mean, 0.8). @entity588 staining was observed in 25 @entity5 (86%); neuronal staining was present in 24 cases (83%), and glial cell staining in 21 @entity5 (72%). @entity1836 staining was only observed in eight @entity7667 (28%); in all eight @entity5 (28%), neuronal staining was seen, and focal glial cell staining was present in two cases (7%). Four @entity5 (14%) did not stain with either @entity588 or @entity1836 . There appeared to be no relationship between @entity1758 immunostaining and staining with @entity588 or @entity1836 . @entity588 expression by immunohistochemistry was observed more frequently than @entity1836 in @entity7667 . Expression of these proteins may reflect abnormalities of apoptosis, which could play a role in the survival of cells that may be involved in the development of @entity7667 .

title: @entity588 and @entity1836 expression in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity6795 :: ('MESH:D054220', 'Disease') :: ['Cortical dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity816 :: ('MESH:D001254', 'Disease') :: ['astrocytoma']

entities_list: @entity7667 :: ('MESH:D018303', 'Disease') :: ['gangliogliomas']

answer: @entity7667 :: (MESH:D018303,Disease) :: ['gangliogliomas']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Oxidative stress has been described as an important mechanism that underlies chronic @entity32 in @entity309 ( @entity309 ). The aim of the study was to investigate the peripheral DNA damage, total antioxidant status (TAS), and @entity66 ( @entity66 ) in @entity1 with @entity309 . DESIGN AND METHODS: The study population contained 25 @entity1 with @entity309 and 26 healthy controls. DNA damage was assessed by alkaline comet assay in peripheral lymphocyte, plasma levels of total antioxidant status (TAS) and @entity66 ( @entity66 ) were determined, and OSI was calculated using a novel automated measurement method. Disease activity was evaluated by DAS-28 score. RESULTS: In @entity309 @entity1 , DNA damage was significantly higher than in controls (20.0+/-9.6 AU, 7.6+/-4.3 AU; p<0.001). Plasma @entity66 and OSI were higher in @entity1 than in healthy controls (9.9+/-2.6 vs. 7.3+/-1.1, p<0.001; 1.04+/-0.4 vs. 0.7+/-0.1, p<0.001, respectively). Plasma TAS level in @entity1 was lower than in healthy controls (0.9+/-0.7 vs. 1.01+/-0.7, p<0.001). DNA damage was correlated with @entity66 , OSI, and DAS-28 scores (r=0.682, p<0.001; r=0.753, p<0.001; r=0.519, p=0.008, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: The findings indicated that lymphocyte DNA damage level increases in @entity1 with @entity309 . Elevated DNA damage may be related with increased oxidative stress and decreased antioxidant capacity. However, the mechanism of this association, and whether it is direct or indirect, remains to be explored.

title: Increased DNA damage and oxidative stress in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['total oxidative status', 'TOS']

answer: @entity309 :: (MESH:D001172,Disease) :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity452 stress echocardiography (DSE) in @entity1 with @entity296 . We explored the accuracy of resting echocardiographic and tissue Doppler parameters to predict a positive response by low-dose METHODS AND RESULTS: We enrolled 100 consecutive @entity1 with prior @entity583 , and a @entity1002 ( @entity1002 ) < 35%. They underwent resting echocardiographic assessment of @entity1002 , wall motion score index (WMSI), mitral E and A peak velocities, E/A ratio, E peak deceleration time, isovolumetric relaxation time (IVRT), early mitral annular diastolic velocity (e'), and E/e' ratio. Subsequently, they underwent low-dose DSE for assessment of myocardial viability. The presence of viability was defined by improvement of the regional wall motion score by > or =1 grade in > or = 5 myocardial segments, with > or = 20% reduction in WMSI compared with baseline evaluation. Thirty-six @entity1 had a negative response to DSE (group 1); 64 had a positive response (group II). Resting @entity1002 was higher, and resting WMSI lower in group II versus group I; E peak deceleration time and IVRT shorter in group I (P < 0.05 for all). Multivariable regression analysis identified @entity1002 , WMSI, and IVRT as the independent predictors of a positive response to DSE. A cutoff value of @entity1002 of > 25% predicted viability with a sensitivity of 85.9%, specificity 80.6%; WMSI of < or = 2.6 had a sensitivity of 85.7%, specificity 61.1%; IVRT of > 60 msec had a sensitivity of 93.7%, specificity 47.2%. CONCLUSIONS: Resting @entity1002 > 25%, WMSI < 2.6, and IVRT > 60 msec predicted viability with a high sensitivity; however, with the exception of @entity1002 , specificity was quite low.

title: Does resting echocardiography predict a positive response to subsequent low-dose @entity452 stress echocardiography in @entity1 with XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['ischaemic cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity452 :: ('MESH:D004280', 'Chemical') :: ['dobutamine']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular ejection fraction', 'LVEF']

answer: @entity296 :: (MESH:D009202,Disease) :: ['ischaemic cardiomyopathy']


abstract: The @entity5 suppressor gene @entity876 encodes for an important cell cycle regulatory protein. Loss of the protein's function is probably important for the development of a variety of @entity5 , including @entity5 . Up to present knowledge, the mutations of the @entity876 gene are one of the most frequent genetic alterations detectable in @entity1 @entity5 . The aim of this study was to explore the capability of molecular diagnostics to identify @entity876 mutations (exon 5-8) in smears of the oral mucosa (polymerase chain reaction, temperature gradient gel electrophoresis). Thirty two @entity1 with @entity957 comprised the study. Biopsies of the @entity5 , smears of the @entity1066 , and smears of apparently healthy mucosa were collected from these @entity5 @entity1 . Smears of 35 healthy volunteers served as controls. @entity876 -mutations were detected in 14 of the 32 @entity5 @entity1 (44%). The same mutations was also detected in the biopsy in all cases. In addition, swabs of apparently normal mucosa harboured @entity876 -mutated cells in 4 of these 14 @entity1 . No mutation was found in healthy volunteers. Our investigation showed the suitability of swabs for gaining sufficient material to detect @entity876 gene mutations in @entity957 .

title: @entity876 -mutation in smears of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'oral cancer', 'malignant diseases']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['oral squamous cell carcinoma']

answer: @entity957 :: (MESH:D002294,Disease) :: ['oral squamous cell carcinoma']


abstract: We have studied the effect of @entity1499 in @entity19 acute @entity2132 ( @entity2132 ) disease at concentrations analogous to those used in @entity1 @entity309 . The @entity2132 reaction was induced by i.v. injection of parental spleen cells into a normal F1 recipient. The acute suppression of T cell function in @entity2132 @entity19 was prevented by @entity1499 given orally for 10 days at 1.0 or 0.5 mg/kg but not at 0.25 mg/kg. T cell mitogen response and @entity2047 secretion that were inhibited in @entity2132 @entity19 were restored by @entity1499 . Protection from immunosuppression in drug-treated @entity2132 @entity19 lasted at least 3 wk after drug dosing was stopped. The mechanism of the protective effect appears to be a preferential inhibition of donor and host @entity3414 + Ts cell proliferation. In mixing experiments we found that @entity1499 inhibited Ts function in @entity2132 @entity19 . By dual fluorescence labeling we showed that the engraftment of donor @entity3414 + cells was prevented by drug treatment. This was not true of donor L3T4+ cells which were clearly present in the spleens of @entity2132 @entity19 after @entity1499 treatment. These donor L3T4 cells were functional in that they induced the production of anti-DNA autoantibodies in the @entity1499 -treated @entity2132 @entity19 .

title: Immunomodulation by low-dose XXXX . I. @entity1499 selectively inhibits @entity3414 + cells in @entity19 acute graft-versus-host reactions.

entities_list: @entity2132 :: ('MESH:D006086', 'Disease') :: ['GvH', 'graft vs host']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']

answer: @entity1499 :: (MESH:D008727,Chemical) :: ['methotrexate']


abstract: PURPOSE: Our aim was to reliably identify @entity1 with advanced-stage classical @entity978 (cHL) at increased risk of @entity204 by developing a robust predictor of @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) using gene expression measured in routinely available @entity406 -fixed paraffin-embedded tissue (FFPET). METHODS: Expression levels of 259 genes, including those previously reported to be associated with outcome in cHL, were determined by digital expression profiling of pretreatment FFPET biopsies from 290 @entity1 enrolled onto the E2496 Intergroup trial comparing @entity632 , @entity1732 , @entity5713 , and @entity2699 (ABVD) and Stanford V regimens in locally extensive and @entity978 . A model for @entity1349 separating @entity1 into low- and high-risk groups was produced using penalized Cox regression. The model was tested in an independent cohort of 78 @entity1 enriched for treatment failure but otherwise similar to @entity1 in a population-based registry of @entity1 treated with ABVD. Weighted analysis methods generated unbiased estimates of predictor performance in the population-based registry. RESULTS: A 23-gene outcome predictor was generated. The model identified a population at increased risk of @entity204 in the validation cohort. There was a 29% absolute difference in 5-year @entity1349 between the high- and low-risk groups (63% v 92%, respectively; log-rank P < .001; hazard ratio, 6.7; 95% CI, 2.6 to 17.4). The predictor was superior to the International Prognostic Score and @entity469 immunohistochemistry in multivariate analyses. CONCLUSION: A gene expression-based predictor, developed in and applicable to routinely available FFPET biopsies, identifies @entity1 with @entity978 at increased risk of @entity204 when treated with standard-intensity up-front regimens.

title: Gene expression-based model using @entity406 -fixed paraffin-embedded biopsies predicts XXXX in advanced-stage classical @entity978 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity2699 :: ('MESH:D003606', 'Chemical') :: ['dacarbazine']

entities_list: @entity406 :: ('MESH:D005557', 'Chemical') :: ['formalin']

entities_list: @entity5713 :: ('MESH:D014747', 'Chemical') :: ['vinblastine']

entities_list: @entity1732 :: ('MESH:D001761', 'Chemical') :: ['bleomycin']

entities_list: @entity978 :: ('MESH:D006689', 'Disease') :: ['advanced-stage cHL', 'Hodgkin lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity1349 :: (MESH:D011475,Disease) :: ['overall survival']


abstract: The 350,000 @entity22 ( @entity22 ) @entity1 in the United States have an unacceptably high mortality rate of >20%/year. Almost half of all deaths are assumed to be cardiovascular. Markers of @entity8 @entity5653 (KDW) such as @entity4988 , @entity448 , body weight and fat loss, rather than traditional cardiovascular risk factors, appear to be the strongest predictors of @entity204 in these @entity1 . The KDW is closely related to oxidative stress (SOX). Such SOX markers as serum @entity3335 are associated with pro-inflammatory cytokines and poor survival in @entity22 @entity1 . Identifying the conditions that modulate the KDW/SOX-axis may be the key to improving outcomes in @entity22 @entity1 . Dysfunctional lipoproteins such as a higher ratio of the high-density lipoprotein inflammatory index (HII) may engender or aggravate the KDW, whereas functionally intact or larger lipoprotein pools, as in @entity1007 and @entity28 , may mitigate the KDW in @entity22 @entity1 . Hence, a reverse epidemiology or "bad-gone-good" phenomenon may be observed. Diet and gene and their complex interaction may lead to higher proportions of pro-inflammatory or oxidative lipoproteins such as HII, resulting in the aggravation of the SOX and inflammatory processes, @entity409 , and subsequent @entity65 and @entity204 in @entity22 @entity1 . Understanding the factors that modulate the KDW/SOX complex and their associations with genetic polymorphism, nutrition, and outcomes in @entity22 @entity1 may lead to developing more effective strategies to improve outcomes in this and the 20 to 30 million Americans with @entity102 states such as individuals with @entity712 , advanced age, @entity5 , @entity791 , or @entity3085 .

title: The XXXX @entity5653 : inflammation, oxidative stress, and diet-gene interaction.

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['chronic heart failure']

entities_list: @entity3335 :: ('4353', 'Gene') :: ['myeloperoxidase']

entities_list: @entity1007 :: ('MESH:D006937', 'Disease') :: ['hypercholesterolemia']

entities_list: @entity4988 :: ('MESH:D034141', 'Disease') :: ['hypoalbuminemia']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancies']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['endothelial dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity448 :: ('MESH:D000855', 'Disease') :: ['anorexia']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic disease']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['early death', 'death']

entities_list: @entity22 :: ('MESH:D007319', 'Disease') :: ['maintenance hemodialysis', 'MHD']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['kidney disease']


abstract: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of an 8-week training period of strength training alone (GR), or combined strength and endurance training ( @entity42222 ), followed by 12-weeks of de-training (DT) on body composition, power strength and VO2max adaptations in a schooled group of adolescent @entity1 . METHODS: Sixty-seven healthy @entity1 recruited from a Portuguese public high school (age: 13.5+1.03 years, from 7(th) and 9th grade) were divided into three experimental groups to train twice a week for 8 wks: GR (n=21), @entity42222 (n=25) and a control group (GC: n=21; no training program). Anthropometric parameters variables as well as performance variables (strength and aerobic fitness) were assessed. RESULTS: No significant training-induced differences were observed in 1kg and 3kg medicine ball throw gains (2.7 to 10.8%) between GR and @entity42222 groups, whereas no significant changes were observed after a DT period in any of the experimental groups. Significant training-induced gains in CMVJ (8 to 12%) and CMSLJ (0.8 to 5.4%) were observed in the experimental groups. Time of 20m significantly decreased (GR: -11.5% and @entity42222 : -10%) after both treatment periods, whereas only the GR group kept the running speed after a DT period of 12 weeks. After training VO2max increased only slightly for @entity42222 (4.0%). No significant changes were observed after the DT period in all groups, except to @entity42222 in CMVJ and CMSLJ. CONCLUSION: Performing simultaneous strength and endurance training in the same workout does not appear to negatively influence power strength and aerobic fitness development in adolescent @entity1 . Indeed, concurrent strength and endurance training seems to be an effective, well-rounded exercise program that can be prescribed as a means to improve initial or general strength in healthy school @entity1 . De-training period was not sufficient to reduce the overall training effects.

title: The effects of concurrent resistance and endurance training follow a specific detraining cycle in young school XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['girls']


abstract: Adipose tissue is the principal source of @entity1243 , a cytokine-like peptide with many biologic functions. @entity1243 binds to the @entity13156 , present in the hypothalamus and in many other tissues, and modulates energy balance and maintenance of body weight. The expression of @entity39626 in @entity5 of adipocytic differentiation has not been previously examined. Because normal adipose tissue is the principal source of @entity1243 and expresses @entity13156 , we hypothesized that @entity5 of adipose tissue differentiation may also express @entity1243 and/or the long functional form of the @entity13156 (OB-Rb). @entity1243 and OB-Rb were analyzed by immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization, RT-PCR, and western blotting in 21 @entity362 , 2 @entity362 , and 16 @entity1821 . Immunostaining and in situ hybridization showed @entity1243 and OB-Rb mRNA expression in all cases of @entity362 , @entity362 , and @entity1821 , including dedifferentiated and @entity1821 . RT-PCR analysis showed @entity1243 and OB-Rb mRNA in both @entity362 (n = 5) and @entity1821 (n = 5). Western blotting identified the 16 kDa @entity1243 protein in a @entity362 and a @entity1821 . No important difference in the expression of @entity1243 and OB-Rb mRNA was found between @entity362 and @entity1821 , although the level of @entity1243 protein was higher in a @entity362 than a @entity1821 by western blotting. These results show for the first time that @entity1243 and OB-Rb mRNA are expressed in @entity362 , @entity362 , and @entity1821 . The presence of @entity1243 and its receptor may provide new insights into the pathobiology of these @entity5 .

title: @entity39626 mRNA are widely expressed in XXXX of adipocytic differentiation.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity362 :: ('MESH:D008067', 'Disease') :: ['lipoma', 'hibernomas', 'lipomas']

entities_list: @entity1821 :: ('MESH:D008080', 'Disease') :: ['pleomorphic liposarcomas', 'liposarcomas', 'liposarcoma']

entities_list: @entity39626 :: ('3952;3953', 'Gene') :: ['leptin and leptin receptor']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumors']


abstract: Although spiral computed tomography (CT) is being used increasingly as the first-line imaging procedure in the diagnostic workup of @entity1 with clinically suspected @entity1151 ( @entity1151 ), the diagnostic value of negative findings, at least when using the four-detector row scanners, is still controversial. A total of 702 consecutive @entity1 with clinical symptoms suggestive of @entity1151 underwent four-slice CT. @entity1 with negative findings received the determination of D-dimer. Those with positive D-dimer underwent further diagnostic workup to confirm or rule out the diagnosis of @entity1151 . Those with negative D-dimer were followed-up to 6 months to detect the development of symptomatic @entity1211 ( @entity1211 ). The CT test was interpreted as negative in 536 @entity1 (76.3%). These @entity1 had the D-dimer determination, which was positive in 279 and negative in the remaining 257 @entity1 . Of the former, @entity1151 subsequently was documented in 55 @entity1 (19.7%). Of the latter, symptomatic @entity1211 in the follow-up period developed in three @entity1 (1.17%; 95% confidence interval, 0.24 to 3.38%). In conclusion, when using the four-detector row, the negative predictive value of CT findings in @entity1 with clinically suspected @entity1151 and positive D-dimer is low. In contrast, it is safe to withhold anticoagulation from @entity1 with negative findings and negative D-dimer.

title: The value of four-detector row spiral computed tomography for the diagnosis of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['VTE', 'venous thromboembolism']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['PE', 'pulmonary embolism']

answer: @entity1151 :: (MESH:D011655,Disease) :: ['pulmonary embolism']


abstract: Three @entity1 with @entity8019 ( @entity8019 ) underwent allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) between 1992 and 1993. The first @entity1 had @entity71 , marked @entity51 and @entity17 in the frontal lobes on MRI before transplantation. Four years later he has mentally deteriorated and the @entity17 on MRI has progressed. The second @entity1 had no symptoms but had white matter lesions on MRI when diagnosed. He was regularly followed with MRI and neuropsychological investigations until BMT 18 months later. A progress of the lesions was noted on the initial MRI investigations, and 4 months before BMT a @entity51 in attention and kinaesthetic praxis could be observed. He rapidly deteriorated after the transplantation and died 18 months later. Both PCR and in situ hybridization confirmed the presence of donor cells in the brain. The third @entity1 had no symptoms but white matter lesions on MRI when diagnosed. The neuropsychological tests remained normal but a slight progress was observed on MRI just before transplantation. This @entity1 is still healthy 3.5 years after BMT. BMT as treatment for @entity8019 has to be considered very early, even if a @entity1 without symptoms but signs of @entity17 on MRI, if a suitable donor is available.

title: Treatment of XXXX with bone marrow transplantation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'boy', 'child']

entities_list: @entity17 :: ('MESH:D003711', 'Disease') :: ['demyelination', 'widespread demyelination']

entities_list: @entity71 :: ('MESH:D001289', 'Disease') :: ['attention deficits']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['worsening of deficits', 'neuropsychological deficits']

entities_list: @entity8019 :: ('MESH:D000326', 'Disease') :: ['ALD', 'adrenoleukodystrophy']

answer: @entity8019 :: (MESH:D000326,Disease) :: ['adrenoleukodystrophy']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the role of polymorphism of CYP450IA1 gene in the susceptibility of @entity2 . METHODS: The polymorphism of CYP450IA1 gene in 149 @entity2 @entity1 and 208 healthy controls were investigated by PCR technique. RESULTS: The high inducibility genotype ( @entity2596 / @entity2596 type) of CYP450IA1 in @entity2 @entity1 was 16.1%, which was significantly higher than that of controls, 8.7%. According to pathological classification of @entity2 , it was indicated that @entity2596 / @entity2596 type in @entity957 was the highest, 21.54%, which was significantly higher than that of controls (8.7%) and @entity420 (8.00%). The @entity2596 / @entity2596 type in @entity4153 reached 17.6%. The relative risks were estimated according to smoking condition and CYP450IA1 genotype. Taking the risk of the category with non-smoking and non-high inducibility genotype ( @entity2596 / @entity2596 ) to be at a baseline of 1.0, the odds ratio was 1.6 (P < 0.05) in non-smoking in non-smoking and @entity2596 / @entity2596 type 4.8 in smoking and @entity2596 / @entity2596 type (P < 0.001). The relative risk of @entity2596 / @entity2596 type was 2.2 times as non- @entity2596 / @entity2596 type for smoking @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Development of @entity2 was associated with the high inducibility genotype of CYP450IA1. And @entity2596 / @entity2596 genotype of CYP450IA1 gene might be an important host hereditary marker for susceptibility to @entity2 .

title: [The relationship between the high inducibility genotype of CYP450IA1 and XXXX susceptibility].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity4153 :: ('MESH:D018288', 'Disease') :: ['small cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinomas']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['lung cancer']