abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: Individuals who mount a significant serum immunoglobulin (Ig)G response to toxin A are protected against recurrent @entity2718 -associated disease (CDAD). We investigated whether @entity3230 and/or specific IgG subclass responses are associated with recurrent CDAD. METHODS: We compared the clinical characteristics and humoral immune responses of 13 @entity1 with recurrent CDAD with 13 matched controls with a single CDAD episode. We measured the serum IgG titers to @entity116 and diphtheria toxoids, as well as total and toxin A- and toxin B-specific serum IgG, IgA, and IgG subclass concentrations. RESULTS: There were no differences between the single and recurrent CDAD subjects in terms of age, sex, ethnicity, or other potential confounding variables. The total duration of @entity294 in @entity1 with recurrent CDAD was greater (median, 62 vs 17 days; P = .005). IgG titers to @entity116 and diphtheria toxoids, total IgG, and IgG subclass levels were similar in both groups. The total IgA was somewhat lower in those with recurrent CDAD (204 vs 254 mg/dL; P = .05). IgA, IgG, IgG1, and IgG4 anti-toxin A and anti-toxin B levels were similar in both groups. However, IgG2 and @entity3172 anti-toxin A levels were significantly lower in the recurrent group (P = .01 and .001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Subjects with recurrent CDAD did not show evidence of widespread humoral @entity3230 or of @entity12587 . Their low serum IgG anti-toxin A concentrations reflected selectively reduced IgG2 and @entity3172 subclass responses. Measurement of specific IgG2/3 anti-toxin A may be useful in selecting @entity1 for treatment with agents to prevent recurrent CDAD.

title: Association between IgG2 and XXXX subclass responses to toxin A and recurrent @entity2718 -associated disease.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity12587 :: ('MESH:D017099', 'Disease') :: ['IgG subclass deficiency']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity3230 :: ('MESH:C565469', 'Disease') :: ['humoral immune deficiencies', 'immune deficiency']

entities_list: @entity2718 :: ('1496', 'Species') :: ['Clostridium difficile']

answer: @entity3172 :: (3502,Gene) :: ['IgG3']


abstract: The purpose of this report was to study effects of shear force and hemodynamic conditions that influence fallout healing in the arterial and venous systems of the same @entity235 . Knitted Dacron grafts made impervious by a 1.5 mm thick coat of @entity1346 rubber bonded to the external surface were implanted for 4 weeks during the same surgery in the descending thoracic aorta (DTA), abdominal aorta (AA) and inferior vena cava (IVC) of each of five @entity235 . Flow rates were measured during surgery and shear stresses calculated with the Hagen-Poiseuille formula. Full-wall thickness longitudinal tissue sections were embedded in resin and stained with @entity1710 and @entity1711 for light microscopy, and in paraffin for immunocytochemistry studies with @entity2880 factor, smooth muscle alpha-actin, collagen IV, laminin, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy studies were also performed. @entity4673 was used to determine percentage of endothelial-like cell coverage on the flow surface. All grafts were patent, without @entity1410 or @entity2080 . Endothelial-like cell coverage was highest in the IVC grafts and lowest in the DTA. Shear stress and flow velocity were significantly lower in IVC grafts than @entity11510 and AA. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen indicated extensive cellular proliferation in the intima and in the interstices of the inner portion of the graft wall. The degree of fallout healing in knitted Dacron grafts made impervious by an external coat of @entity1346 rubber varies inversely with the sheer force of blood flow in these grafts.

title: The effect of flow shear stress on endothelialization of impervious Dacron grafts from circulating cells in the arterial and venous systems of the same XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1346 :: ('MESH:D012828', 'Chemical') :: ['silicone']

entities_list: @entity1710 :: ('MESH:D006416', 'Chemical') :: ['hematoxylin']

entities_list: @entity2880 :: ('MESH:D014842', 'Disease') :: ['Factor VIII/von Willebrand']

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['dog']


abstract: The clinical, anatomical, histological and cytogenetical evaluation has been made of a case of @entity4998 in @entity291 . A 1,5 year old bull of unknown origin with general male features and male sexual orientation has been studied. It showed an underdeveloped udder and external female reproductive organs. The internal male genital organs showed underdeveloped @entity1062 and epididymis, vasa deferentia, @entity10970 , small penis and the clitoris-like glans penis. There were also remnants of female genital organs: uterus with uteri horns situated along the vasa deferentia and the vagina. The @entity1062 lacked germinal cells. The 60,XY karyotype has been stated on the basis of the blood lymphocyte culture. No Barr bodies have been found in the tissues. The possibility of development of this @entity154 as @entity19648 has been discussed. The obtained cytogenetical results enabled us to put forward the hypothesis that the bull did not derive from a heterosexual twin pregnancy. The possibility of absence of the hypothetic "X" factor (according to Jost), as a cause of this male external and internal @entity4998 has also been reviewed.

title: [Case of male @entity4998 in XXXX . ( @entity291 L.) with a 60 XY karyotype].

entities_list: @entity4998 :: ('MESH:D012734', 'Disease') :: ['pseudohermaphroditism']

entities_list: @entity10970 :: ('MESH:D012872', 'Disease') :: ['vesicular glands']

entities_list: @entity291 :: ('9913', 'Species') :: ['domestic cattle']

entities_list: @entity19648 :: ('MESH:D005611', 'Disease') :: ['freemartinism syndrome']

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['cattle']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The accuracy, feasibility, and safety of intraoperative core needle biopsy under complete video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) (V-CNB) for indeterminate @entity5 are examined retrospectively, as well as the possibility of @entity1143 . METHODS: The diagnostic yield and complications of V-CNB were evaluated for a total of 95 @entity1 who underwent V-CNB for indeterminate @entity5 during the period of April 2002 through March 2012. Moreover, operation time, number of auto-suture instruments used for resection of the lung, and @entity1143 were compared between the @entity1 who underwent V-CNB (n  =  44) and those who did not (n  =  87, non-V-CNB) among stage I primary @entity2 @entity1 , for whom lobectomy was performed under complete VATS during the same period. RESULTS: Of the 95 @entity1 , eighty three had primary @entity2 , four had @entity2 , and eight had @entity5 . Sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were 94.3, 87.5, and 93.7  %, respectively. There were no complications associated with V-CNB. Among stage I primary @entity2 , for which lobectomy and lymph node dissection were performed, there was no significant difference between the V-CNB group and the non-V-CNB group for @entity5 size (23.5 and 24.7  mm, p  =  0.482), distance between pleura and @entity5 (3.4 and 5.0  mm, p  =  0.202), operation time (228 and 217  min, p  =  0.186), and number of auto-suture instruments used for resection of the lung (4.77 and 4.61, p  =  0.533). There was no @entity1143 in the V-CNB group, although there were two cases (2.3  %) in the non-V-CNB group. CONCLUSION: V-CNB diagnosed small-sized indeterminate @entity2 accurately during complete VATS operation, without any complications. V-CNB can reduce the use of auto-suture instruments necessary for performing wedge resection on frozen section diagnosis prior to lobectomy without increasing operation time and the risk of @entity1143 .

title: Intraoperative core needle biopsy under complete video-assisted thoracic surgery for indeterminate XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'benign tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1143 :: ('MESH:D010996', 'Disease') :: ['pleural dissemination']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic lung cancer', 'lung tumors', 'lung cancer']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['tumor of lung']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The @entity4283 ( @entity4283 ) is expressed by many cells in joints of @entity309 ( @entity309 ) @entity1 and interacts with a variety of pro-inflammatory ligands that are enriched in inflamed joint. The @entity4283 -ligand interaction leads to a sustained inflammatory response. Also, secreted form of the receptor, called soluble @entity4283 (sRAGE), the levels of which are decreased in @entity309 @entity1 , modulates inflammatory responses. We sought to determine whether @entity309 @entity1 display increased occurrence of autoantibodies against @entity4283 and whether such an autoantibody production is related to disease characteristics. METHODS: Matching samples of blood and synovial fluid were collected from 50 @entity1 with @entity309 with @entity697 . Blood from 43 healthy individuals and synovial fluid samples from 32 @entity1 with @entity32 were used for comparison. Anti- @entity4283 antibody levels were analysed using an ELISA. RESULTS: @entity309 @entity1 displayed significantly higher blood and synovial fluid levels of anti- @entity4283 antibodies, both of IgG as well as of IgM class as compared with healthy controls and with @entity1 with @entity32 . @entity1 with seropositive @entity309 had significantly less IgG antibodies in their synovial fluid as compared to seronegative @entity1 . Furthermore, the presence of IgG class of anti- @entity4283 antibodies locally in the joint was found to be related to less aggressive, i.e. @entity66 . CONCLUSION: These results suggest that @entity4283 -specific B cell response protect @entity1 with @entity309 from destructive course of the disease.

title: Synovial fluid expression of autoantibodies specific for @entity4283 relates to less erosive course of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['non-inflammatory joint diseases']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute joint effusion']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['non-erosive disease']

entities_list: @entity4283 :: ('177', 'Gene') :: ['receptor for advanced glycation end products', 'RAGE']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA']

answer: @entity309 :: (MESH:D001172,Disease) :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Two clinical trials, one British and one American, have shown that early, prophylactic elective surgery does not improve five-year survival among @entity1 with small @entity1028 . We report long-term outcomes in the United Kingdom Small Aneurysm Trial. METHODS: We randomly assigned 1090 @entity1 , 60 to 76 years of age, with small @entity1028 (diameter, 4.0 to 5.5 cm) to one of two groups: 563 were assigned to undergo early elective surgery, and 527 were assigned to undergo surveillance by ultrasonography. @entity1 were followed in the trial until June 1998 and thereafter until August 2001; the mean duration of follow-up was 8 years (range, 6 to 10). RESULTS: The mean duration of survival was 6.5 years among @entity1 in the surveillance group, as compared with 6.7 years among @entity1 in the early-surgery group (P=0.29). The adjusted hazard ratio for @entity204 from any cause in the early-surgery group as compared with the surveillance group was 0.83 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.69 to 1.00; P=0.05). The 30-day operative mortality in the early-surgery group (5.5 percent) led to an early disadvantage in terms of survival. The survival curves crossed at three years, and at eight years, mortality in the early-surgery group was 7.2 percentage points lower than that in the surveillance group (P=0.03). There was no evidence that age, sex, or the initial size of the @entity439 modified the hazard ratio or that delayed surgery in the surveillance group increased 30-day postoperative mortality. @entity204 was attributable to a @entity1756 in 19 of the 411 @entity1 who died (5 percent) and in 12 of the 85 @entity1 who died (14 percent) (P=0.001). The rate of early cessation of smoking was higher in the early-surgery group than in the surveillance group. CONCLUSIONS: Among @entity1 with a small @entity1028 , we found no long-term difference in mean survival between the early-surgery and surveillance groups, although after eight years, total mortality was lower in the early-surgery group. This difference may be attributed in part to beneficial changes in lifestyle adopted by members of the early-surgery group.

title: Long-term outcomes of immediate repair compared with surveillance of small XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity1028 :: ('MESH:D017544', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal aortic aneurysms', 'abdominal aortic aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity1756 :: ('MESH:D017542', 'Disease') :: ['ruptured aneurysm']

answer: @entity1028 :: (MESH:D017544,Disease) :: ['abdominal aortic aneurysms']


abstract: PURPOSE: To identify the rate of CAUTI (catheter-associated @entity293 ) after CD (Cesarean delivery) and to determine if any factors increase risk of @entity281 . METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was performed at a multi-center institution for @entity1 who underwent CD in 2013. All @entity1 had urinary catheters inserted before surgery. Diagnosis followed IDSA guidelines with culture growing greater than 10(3) CFU of bacteria per mL with symptoms or symptomatic @entity293 treated at provider discretion. Statistical analysis was assessed with Chi Square and student's t-test followed by logistic regression. RESULTS: Of 2419 @entity1 , 36 @entity1 developed CAUTI (1.5%). In the 24 (66.7%) cases diagnosed by IDSA guidelines, @entity526 was the most common causative organism (54.1%); followed by @entity797 (16.7%), Streptococccus agalactiae (8.3%) and Group A Streptococcus (8.3%). Longer operative time (OR 1.013; 95% 1.002-1.023; p   =   0.02) and pregnancies complicated by STI (OR 4.15; 95% CI 1.11-15.0; p   <   0.05) were associated with higher rates of CAUTI. CONCLUSIONS: The overall rate of CAUTI after CD was low at 1.5%. @entity526 was the most common causative pathogen. Identification of the @entity1 at high risk for CAUTI allows for risk reduction measures.

title: Catheter-Associated XXXX (CAUTI) after Term Cesarean Delivery: Incidence, and Risk Factors at a Multi-Center Academic Institution.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity797 :: ('1351', 'Species') :: ['Enterococcus faecalis']

entities_list: @entity293 :: ('MESH:D014552', 'Disease') :: ['urinary tract infection', 'urinary tract infections']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

answer: @entity293 :: (MESH:D014552,Disease) :: ['Urinary Tract Infection']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: A variety of autoimmune conditions occur in association with @entity2835 . Among these conditions are @entity10632 , @entity2407 , @entity625 , and @entity2621 . Information is sparse regarding the prevalence and natural history of these conditions when associated with @entity2835 and their response to @entity10055 treatment. We evaluated the prevalence, natural history, and response to @entity10055 therapy of these conditions coassociated with @entity2835 . METHODS: One hundred-eighty @entity1 with @entity2835 , enrolled in a prospective randomized controlled trial of @entity10055 (13-15 mg/ kg/day), were included. @entity1 were assessed at study entry and annually. RESULTS: At entry, 77/180 @entity1 (43%) had one of the four conditions, and 18/180 @entity1 (10%) had two or more conditions. @entity10632 was the most common, occurring in 58/180 @entity1 (32%). After 2 yr, there was no difference between the treatment groups with regard to resolution or spontaneous onset of these autoimmune features. @entity10632 was the most common spontaneously developing condition (9% per yr). @entity10632 was the most common associated @entity792 , present in one-third of our @entity1 . The associated conditions tended to improve over time, with a low rate of spontaneously developing these conditions. Although @entity10055 therapy leads to improvement in the underlying @entity409 , it did not appear to influence either the development or resolution of these autoimmune features. CONCLUSIONS: Although @entity10055 is beneficial in the treatment of @entity2835 , it had no measurable effect on the autoimmune conditions coassociated with the disease.

title: Autoimmune conditions associated with @entity2835 : response to XXXX therapy.

entities_list: @entity2835 :: ('MESH:D008105', 'Disease') :: ['primary biliary cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['arthritis']

entities_list: @entity2621 :: ('MESH:D050031', 'Disease') :: ["Hashimoto's thyroiditis"]

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver disease']

entities_list: @entity2407 :: ('MESH:D011928', 'Disease') :: ["Raynaud's phenomenon"]

entities_list: @entity10632 :: ('MESH:D012859', 'Disease') :: ['Sicca syndrome', 'sicca syndrome']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune condition']

entities_list: @entity10055 :: ('MESH:D014580', 'Chemical') :: ['ursodeoxycholic acid']

answer: @entity10055 :: (MESH:D014580,Chemical) :: ['ursodeoxycholic acid']


abstract: During exercise, @entity1 with @entity613 ( @entity613 ) have @entity551 that recovers during rest. A novel method for assessing dynamic recovery of function is measurement of the hemodynamic response after exercise. Cilostazol (Pletal), a new agent for the treatment of @entity613 , increases walking distance and may decrease @entity63 burden. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of cilostazol versus placebo on hemodynamic measurements after exercise-induced @entity63 in @entity1 with @entity613 . Two double-blind, placebo-controlled studies with similar inclusion/exclusion criteria and duration (24 weeks) were pooled. @entity1 walked on a treadmill at 2.0 miles/h (3.2 km/h) on a 12.5% grade until the claudication-limited maximal walking distance (MWD) was reached. Anterior and posterior tibial pressures were measured with Doppler ultrasound at baseline and at 1, 5, and 9 min during recovery. Area under the curve (AUC), a measure of the time course of recovery of systolic pressure after exercise-induced @entity63 , and ankle-brachial index (ABI) were calculated and compared using analysis of variance (ANOVA). All three treatment groups (308 @entity1 randomized to cilostazol 100 mg @entity5353 , 303 to cilostazol 50 mg @entity5353 , and 299 to placebo) had similar baseline characteristics. Mean post-exercise AUC for cilostazol 100 mg and 50 mg @entity5353 versus placebo increased by 0.31 (p = 0.001) and 0.26 (p = 0.004), respectively. Mean resting ABI increased by 0.03 (p = 0.0039) and 0.04 (p = 0.0001) in the cilostazol 100 mg and 50 mg @entity5353 groups, respectively. In conclusion, following 24 weeks of treatment, cilostazol increased the ABI at rest and improved the recovery time of ankle pressures post-exercise.

title: Effects of cilostazol on resting ankle pressures and exercise-induced @entity63 in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia', 'ischemic']

entities_list: @entity613 :: ('MESH:D007383', 'Disease') :: ['intermittent claudication', 'IC']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['decreased limb arterial blood pressure']

answer: @entity613 :: (MESH:D007383,Disease) :: ['intermittent claudication']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The salivary mucin @entity5090 , present in (sero)mucous secretions including submandibular gland (SMG) saliva, plays an important role in the lubrication of the oral mucosa and is thought to be related to the feeling of @entity2133 . We investigated if @entity5090 levels in SMG saliva could distinguish between the presence or absence of severe @entity2133 12    months after radiotherapy (RT) for @entity135 ( @entity135 ). FINDINGS: Twenty-nine @entity135 @entity1 with a residual stimulated SMG secretion rate of >=  0.2   ml/10   min at 12    months after RT were analyzed. @entity5090 (in U; normalized to 1) and total protein levels (mg/ml) were measured in SMG saliva at baseline and 12   months after RT using ELISA and BCA protein assay, respectively. Overall, median @entity5090 levels decreased after RT from 0.12 to 0.03 U (p   =   0.47). @entity1 were dichotomized into none/mild @entity2133 (n   =   12) and severe @entity2133 (n   =   17) based on a questionnaire completed at 12   months. SMG and whole saliva flow rates decreased after RT but were comparable in both groups. The median @entity5090 level was higher in @entity1 with no or mild @entity2133 compared to @entity1 with severe @entity2133 (0.14 vs 0.01 U, p   =   0.22). Half of the @entity1 with severe @entity2133 had no detectable @entity5090 at 12   months after RT. No differences in total protein levels were observed. CONCLUSIONS: Qualitative saliva parameters like @entity5090 need further investigation in RT-induced @entity2133 . This pilot study showed a trend towards lower @entity5090 levels in the SMG saliva of @entity1 with severe @entity2133 12   months after RT for @entity135 .

title: @entity5090 levels in submandibular gland saliva of XXXX treated with radiotherapy for @entity135 : a pilot study.

entities_list: @entity2133 :: ('MESH:D014987', 'Disease') :: ['dry mouth', 'xerostomia', 'dry mouth complaints']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head-and-neck cancer', 'HNC']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine if nebulized @entity1425 is more efficacious than nebulized @entity3045 in the @entity341 ( @entity341 ) treatment of moderately ill @entity1 with @entity5924 . METHODS: Sixty-six @entity1 between 0 and 12 months of age with new-onset wheezing, an antecedent upper @entity1729 , and a clinical score (Respiratory Distress Assessment Instrument) of 8 to 15 were randomized in a double-blind fashion to receive either 0.9 mg/kg of nebulized 2.25% racemic @entity1425 (n = 34) or 0.15 mg/kg of nebulized 0.5% @entity3045 (n = 32) at 0, 30, and 60 minutes. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Primary outcome measures were clinical score and respiratory rate. Secondary outcome measures were room air @entity26 saturation, elapsed time to meeting clinical criteria for @entity341 discharge, hospitalization rate, and proportion of @entity1 relapsed within 72 hours of @entity341 discharge (relapse rate). RESULTS: Both treatment groups experienced a similar pattern of change in mean clinical score, respiratory rate, and room air saturation over time. There were no significant differences between the groups by these same measures at any time. The median time at which @entity1 were well enough for @entity341 discharge was 90 minutes in the @entity1425 -treated group vs 120 minutes in the @entity3045 -treated group (P =.01). Sixteen @entity1 (47.1%) in the @entity1425 -treated group were hospitalized compared with 12 @entity1 (37.5%) in the @entity3045 -treated group (relative risk, 1.25; 95% confidence interval, 0.71-2.22). Relapse rate was 18.8% (3/16) in the @entity1425 -treated group and 42.1% (8/19) in the @entity3045 -treated group (relative risk, 0.45; 95% confidence interval, 0.14-1.41). Adverse effects occurred infrequently. CONCLUSIONS: Although the @entity1 treated with @entity1425 were judged well enough for @entity341 discharge significantly earlier than the @entity1 treated with @entity3045 , @entity1425 was not found to be more efficacious than @entity3045 in treating moderately ill @entity1 with @entity5924 .

title: A randomized trial of nebulized XXXX vs @entity3045 in the @entity341 treatment of @entity5924 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity1425 :: ('MESH:D004837', 'Chemical') :: ['epinephrine']

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['emergency department', 'ED']

entities_list: @entity3045 :: ('MESH:D000420', 'Chemical') :: ['albuterol sulfate', 'albuterol']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity5924 :: ('MESH:D001988', 'Disease') :: ['bronchiolitis']

entities_list: @entity1729 :: ('MESH:D012141', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory tract infection']

answer: @entity1425 :: (MESH:D004837,Chemical) :: ['epinephrine']


abstract: The @entity2364 - @entity3064 complex consists of four closely related "genospecies" or DNA groups: DNA group 1 (A. calcoaceticus), DNA group 2 (A. baumannii), DNA 3, and Tjernberg _ Ursing's DNA group 13. Strains in this complex are so similar phenotypically that it is often impossible to identify them to the DNA group level by the use of biochemical tests. Twenty-three Danish clinical strains from 23 @entity1 phenotypically identified to the A. calcoaceticus-A. baumannii complex were studied by ribotyping, plasmid profiling, and DNA/DNA hybridization. Multiple isolates were recovered from four @entity1 . These were identical in each @entity1 as judged by phenotype, ribotype and plasmic profile. Seventeen different ribotypes were observed among the 23 strains, and by using this method 19 out of the 23 strains could be identified to the DNA group level. Five strains were allocated to DNA group 2 (A. baumannii), eight to DNA group 3, and six to DNA group 13. These findings were confirmed by DNA/DNA hybridization. Two of the four unidentified strains were genotypically most closely related to but different from DNA groups 1 and 3. The last two strains were most closely related to DNA group 13. These four strains represent two new DNA groups within the A. calcoaceticus-A. baumannii-complex. One to four plasmids in the size range 2.1 kb- > kb were detected in 13 of the strains. Nine plasmid profiles were seen, indicating the usefulness of this typing method if the strains contain plasmids. The study also indicates that ribotyping is useful both for typing and for identification purposes, and that the genetic relationship in this area are more diverse than hitherto perceived. Taxonomic reconsiderations are warranted.

title: @entity2364 in Denmark: II. Molecular studies of the XXXX - @entity3064 complex.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2364 :: ('471', 'Species') :: ['Acinetobacter calcoaceticus']

entities_list: @entity3064 :: ('470', 'Species') :: ['Acinetobacter baumannii']

answer: @entity2364 :: (471,Species) :: ['Acinetobacter calcoaceticus']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate alternative management strategies for @entity174 involving the frontal sinus outflow tract. STUDY DESIGN: A prospective cohort of @entity1 with @entity174 with frontal outflow tract involvement documented by computed tomography (CT) scan was examined between 1999 and 2001. METHODS: A select group of @entity1 with @entity174 involving the frontal outflow tract was treated with open @entity174 without @entity50 . Serial CT scans were obtained starting at 8 weeks after injury. @entity1 with persistent frontal @entity50 after medical treatment underwent an extended endoscopic frontal sinusotomy or a modified endoscopic Lothrop procedure. RESULTS: Fourteen @entity1 @entity174 and were treated during the study period. Seven @entity1 were included in the modified treatment algorithm, with a mean follow-up of 18 months. All @entity1 had concurrent @entity174 : superior orbital rim (n = 5), naso-orbital-ethmoid complex (n = 2), mandible (n = 2), and midface (n = 2). All 7 @entity1 underwent open repair of the @entity174 . Postoperatively, 5 @entity1 had spontaneous frontal sinus ventilation. Two @entity1 , both of whom had naso-orbito-ethmoid @entity174 , had persistent frontal @entity50 clinically and radiographically. These @entity1 were successfully managed with an endoscopic frontal sinus procedure. CONCLUSIONS: A select group of @entity1 with frontal sinus and outflow tract @entity174 may be managed with open repair of the anterior table @entity174 without obliteration. In these cases, suspected frontal outflow tract obstruction can be managed expectantly. Failed frontal sinus ventilation may require @entity50 to reestablish mucociliary clearance.

title: Endoscopic management of the frontal XXXX : a shift in the paradigm?

entities_list: @entity50 :: ('MESH:D012851', 'Disease') :: ['osteoplastic obliteration of the frontal sinus', 'sinus obstruction', 'endoscopic frontal sinus surgery']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'reduction of bony fracture', 'sustained frontal sinus fractures', 'anterior table frontal sinus fractures', 'facial fractures', 'fracture', 'anterior table frontal sinus fracture']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['recess in frontal sinus fractures']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity731 has been widely accepted as an inflammatory disease of vascular, adhesion molecules play an important role in the early progression of it. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of @entity15605 on the inflammatory molecules such as E-selectin (E-sel), @entity12049 ( @entity12049 ), @entity12048 ( @entity12048 ) and @entity23866 ( @entity23866 ) in high @entity165 induced @entity731 @entity95 models. METHODS: Thirty male New Zealand white (NZW) @entity95 were randomly divided into five groups, control group, model group, @entity3724 (12 mg/kg) group and @entity15605 groups (150 mg/kg and 30 mg/kg). The @entity95 were fed with a normal diet or a high @entity165 diet for 10 weeks. Levels of blood lipids, serum @entity5 - @entity39 factor-alpha ( @entity25229 ) and serum @entity20573 ( @entity20573 ) were detected at the end of the sixth and tenth week. @entity1234 ( @entity1865 ) level and @entity224 dismutase (SOD) activity in serum were also determined. Lesion areas of the aorta were measured with morphometry analysis after ten weeks. Gene expression of E-sel, @entity12049 , @entity12048 and @entity23866 in aortas was determined by RT-PCR (reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction). Immunohistochemical staining was employed to measure protein expression of E-sel, @entity12049 , @entity12048 and @entity23866 . RESULTS: Model @entity95 fed with ten weeks of high- @entity165 diet developed significant progression of @entity731 . Compared with the control, levels of blood lipids, @entity25229 , @entity20573 and @entity1865 increased markedly in serum of model @entity95 , while SOD levels decreased. Gene and protein expressions of E-sel, @entity12049 , @entity12048 and @entity23866 in @entity731 aortas increased remarkably in model group. However, comparing to the model @entity95 , levels of @entity25229 , @entity20573 and @entity1865 decreased significantly and serum SOD activity increased, gene and protein expressions of E-sel, @entity12049 , @entity12048 and @entity23866 in aortas decreased significantly with the treatment of @entity15605 . CONCLUSION: @entity15605 shows anti- @entity731 effect by modulating the gene and protein expression of inflammatory molecules.

title: The anti-inflammatory effect of @entity15605 on early XXXX in high @entity165 fed @entity95 .

entities_list: @entity3724 :: ('MESH:D011345', 'Chemical') :: ['fenofibrate']

entities_list: @entity15605 :: ('MESH:C006552', 'Chemical') :: ['kaempferol', 'Kaempferol']

entities_list: @entity12049 :: ('100009455(Tax:9986)', 'Gene') :: ['ICAM-1', 'intercellular adhesion molecule-1']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity95 :: ('9986', 'Species') :: ['rabbit', 'rabbits']

entities_list: @entity12048 :: ('100008901(Tax:9986)', 'Gene') :: ['VCAM-1', 'vascular cell adhesionmolecule-1']

entities_list: @entity1234 :: ('MESH:D008315', 'Chemical') :: ['Malonaldehyde']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerotic', 'Atherosclerosis', 'atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity731 :: (MESH:D050197,Disease) :: ['atherosclerosis']


abstract: In this retrospective study, we assessed the impact of each of three consecutive cycles of conventional-dose chemotherapy on @entity2280 + cells, colony-forming units granulocyte-macrophage (CFU-GM), and contaminating @entity0 cells collected in the leukapheresis products of @entity1 with metastatic @entity0 . The @entity1 subsequently underwent high-dose chemotherapy followed by autologous blood progenitor cell transplantation. We analyzed 172 leukapheresis products from 17 @entity1 and have correlated the long-term clinical outcome with @entity5 cell contamination. The induction chemotherapy regimen consisted of three cycles of @entity786 750 mg/m2 i.v., @entity1259 100 mg/m2, and @entity1487 ( @entity1487 ) 750 mg/m2 i.v., followed by 5 microg/kg body weight of recombinant @entity1 @entity2841 (rhGM-CSF) daily until leukapheresis was completed. An average of 10 leukapheresis products (three to four collections after each cycle of chemotherapy) were obtained from each @entity1 . Numbers of @entity2280 + cells, CFU-GM, and mononuclear cells (MNCs) in the leukapheresis products were determined at the time of collection. Aliquots from the same products were frozen and @entity0 cells were detected by immunocytochemistry with a cocktail of anti-cytokeratin antibodies ( @entity2278 , CAM 5.2, Keratin 8+18+19) using a standardized immunoalkaline phosphatase method. A minimum of 10(6) cells were examined by light microscopy and by at least two blinded observers. Cells were considered positive when immunostaining was detected in the cytoplasm and on the cell membrane, and cellular morphology was consistent with a malignant phenotype. Of the 172 samples analyzed, 13 of 57 (23%) leukapheresis products collected after cycle I were positive for @entity5 cells; 3 of 60 (5%) after cycle II; and 4 of 55 (7%) after cycle III. The likelihood of contamination by @entity0 cells after cycle I was significantly higher than after subsequent cycles of chemotherapy (p = 0.0052). Simultaneously, there was a significant decrease in quantity of @entity2280 + cells and CFU-GM (p < 0.0001 for both comparisons). Our study indicated that leukapheresis products collected after the second or third cycles of induction chemotherapy carry a significantly lower likelihood of @entity5 cell contamination, albeit the quantity of @entity2280 + cells or CFU-GM collected was also significantly reduced.

title: Decrease in @entity5 cell contamination and progenitor cell yield in leukapheresis products after consecutive cycles of chemotherapy for XXXX treatment.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity1259 :: ('MESH:D015251', 'Chemical') :: ['epirubicin']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity2841 :: ('1437', 'Gene') :: ['granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Many treatment options exist for @entity1 with @entity29 ( @entity29 ), yet the lack of clinical guidelines for management has lead to great variation in care. The purpose of this project was to evaluate current treatment modalities in @entity1 from the Northeast US who applied to the 2010 session of Camp Oasis, a @entity30 Foundation of America (CCFA)-sponsored camp for @entity1 ages 8-17 with medically stable @entity29 . METHODS: @entity1 demographics, medical history, and current medications were entered into the camp database. The subjects were divided into two groups; @entity30 ( @entity30 ) or @entity31 /indeterminate @entity1960 (UC/IC). In all, 164 applicants were included, 121 (74%) with @entity30 and 43 (26%) with UC/IC. RESULTS: There were no significant differences between the two groups with respect to median age at the time of camp, median age at diagnosis, or median length of illness. Of the 121 applicants with @entity30 , 13 (10.7%) were on an antibiotic, 56 (46.3%) were on a @entity2983 ( @entity3504 ), 10 (8.3%) were on corticosteroids, 57 (47.1%) were on immunomodulators, and 44 (36.4%) were on a biologic agent. Six (5%) were on both an immunomodulator and a biologic agent. Of the 43 subjects with UC/IC, 27 (62.7%) were on a @entity3504 , two (4.7%) were on corticosteroids, 13 (30.2%) were on an immunomodulator, and four (9.3%) were on a biologic agent. The groups were similar with regard to surgery (20.7% for @entity30 and 18.6% for UC/IC). CONCLUSIONS: Identifying current treatment patterns may serve to highlight variations in care among this pediatric @entity29 population.

title: Analysis of current treatments used in clinical practice in a pediatric summer camp population for @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative colitis']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel disease', 'IBD']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ['CD', "Crohn's and Colitis", "Crohn's disease"]

entities_list: @entity2983 :: ('MESH:D019804', 'Chemical') :: ['5-aminosalicylate']

answer: @entity29 :: (MESH:D015212,Disease) :: ['inflammatory bowel disease']


abstract: Although @entity2438 spectrum conditions (ASCs) are defined behaviorally, they also involve multileveled disturbances of underlying biology that find striking parallels in the physiological impacts of electromagnetic frequency and radiofrequency exposures (EMF/RFR). Part I of this paper will review the critical contributions pathophysiology may make to the etiology, pathogenesis and ongoing generation of core features of ASCs. We will review pathophysiological damage to core cellular processes that are associated both with ASCs and with biological effects of EMF/RFR exposures that contribute to chronically disrupted homeostasis. Many studies of @entity1 with ASCs have identified oxidative stress and evidence of free @entity16 , cellular stress proteins, and deficiencies of antioxidants such as @entity2041 . Elevated intracellular @entity460 in ASCs may be due to genetics or may be downstream of @entity32 or environmental exposures. Cell membrane lipids may be peroxidized, mitochondria may be dysfunctional, and various kinds of immune system disturbances are common. Brain oxidative stress and @entity32 as well as measures consistent with blood-brain barrier and brain perfusion compromise have been documented. Part II of this paper will review how behaviors in ASCs may emerge from alterations of electrophysiological oscillatory synchronization, how EMF/RFR could contribute to these by de-tuning the organism, and policy implications of these vulnerabilities. Changes in brain and autonomic nervous system electrophysiological function and sensory processing predominate, @entity410 are common, and @entity25 is close to universal. All of these phenomena also occur with EMF/RFR exposure that can add to system overload ('allostatic load') in ASCs by increasing risk, and worsening challenging biological problems and symptoms; conversely, reducing exposure might ameliorate symptoms of ASCs by reducing obstruction of physiological repair. Various vital but vulnerable mechanisms such as @entity460 channels may be disrupted by environmental agents, various genes associated with @entity2438 or the interaction of both. With dramatic increases in reported ASCs that are coincident in time with the deployment of wireless technologies, we need aggressive investigation of potential ASC - EMF/RFR links. The evidence is sufficient to warrant new public exposure standards benchmarked to low-intensity (non-thermal) exposure levels now known to be biologically disruptive, and strong, interim precautionary practices are advocated.

title: XXXX and EMF? Plausibility of a pathophysiological link - Part I.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['radical damage']

entities_list: @entity2041 :: ('MESH:D005978', 'Chemical') :: ['glutathione']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['sleep disruption']

answer: @entity2438 :: (MESH:D001321,Disease) :: ['Autism']


abstract: Chronic oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of multiple inflammatory diseases, including @entity65 and @entity731 . The rare @entity74 @entity1129 ( @entity1129 ) is characterized by progressive @entity6447 secondary to Purkinje cell death, @entity465 , and increased @entity5 incidence. @entity14050 , the protein mutated in @entity1129 , plays a key role in cellular DNA-damage responses. @entity1129 cells show poor cellular anti-oxidant defences and increased oxidant sensitivity compared to normal cells, and @entity14050 functions, in part, as an oxidative stress sensor. The oxidation of low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) and its uptake by macrophages is an initiating step in the development of @entity731 . We demonstrate that oxLDL activates @entity14050 and downstream @entity3544 expression in normal fibroblasts and endothelial cells. In @entity14050 -deficient fibroblasts oxLDL induces DNA double-strand breaks, micronuclei formation and causes chromosome breaks. Furthermore, oxLDL decreases cell viability and inhibits colony formation in @entity1129 fibroblasts more effectively as compared to normal controls. Formation of oxLDL-induced reactive @entity26 species is significantly higher in @entity1129 , than normal fibroblasts. Last, pre-treatment of cells with @entity13373 , a potent antioxidant and inhibitor of transcription factor nuclear factor kB, reduces oxLDL-induced reactive @entity26 species formation. Our data indicates that @entity14050 functions in the defence against oxLDL-mediated @entity137 .

title: XXXX protects against oxidative stress induced by oxidized low-density lipoprotein.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity13373 :: ('MESH:C020972', 'Chemical') :: ['ammonium pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate']

entities_list: @entity465 :: ('MESH:D007153', 'Disease') :: ['immunodeficiency']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['autosomal recessive disorder']

entities_list: @entity6447 :: ('MESH:D002524', 'Disease') :: ['cerebellar ataxia']

entities_list: @entity1129 :: ('MESH:D001260', 'Disease') :: ['Ataxia-telangiectasia', 'A-T']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity14050 :: (472,Gene) :: ['ATM']


abstract: A slight induction of granulocytic differentiation of HL-60 cells occurred after treatment with antileukemia chemotherapeutic agents @entity632 (ADM) and @entity5699 (DM). Addition of an inhibitor ( @entity18165 , SP) of @entity7131 ( @entity7131 ) enhanced 2-4-fold the ADM or DM-induced differentiation. This phenomenon was accompanied by a slightly augmented antiproliferative effect. The enhancement of differentiation induction in these treatments seemed to be absolute, since the combination treatment (ADM-SP or DM-SP) showed about 2.5-3.6 times as many differentiated cells as the treatment with the anticancer drugs ADM or DM alone. Further characterization of the interaction of ADM and DM with SP on differentiation of HL-60 cells was carried out. Whereas the addition of SP in the fresh medium after the removal of ADM or DM (0.5 h treatment) enhanced the induction of differentiation, a pretreatment (24 h) of the cells with SP followed by continuous exposure to ADM or DM did not show such enhancement effect. The addition of SP at as late as 48 h after the administration of ADM or DM potentiated the induction of differentiation to the same extent as in the simultaneous combination of ADM-SP or DM-SP. Similar results were obtained in the experiments with another @entity7131 inhibitor, @entity866 . These results indicated that inhibition of @entity7131 activities may play an important role in the later events during the induction of differentiation elicited by ADM or DM. The use of the antileukemia drugs ADM and DM in combination with an inhibition of @entity7131 activity results in enhancement of induction of differentiation and suggests a new strategy and a promising approach to the treatment of @entity1778 .

title: Interaction of antileukemia agents @entity632 and @entity5699 with @entity18165 on the differentiation of human XXXX cell line HL-60.

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['Adriamycin']

entities_list: @entity5699 :: ('MESH:D003630', 'Chemical') :: ['daunomycin']

entities_list: @entity7131 :: ('MESH:D020151', 'Disease') :: ['protein kinase C', 'PKC']

entities_list: @entity18165 :: ('MESH:C005682', 'Chemical') :: ['sphinganine']

entities_list: @entity866 :: ('MESH:D019311', 'Chemical') :: ['staurosporine']

answer: @entity1778 :: (MESH:D007938,Disease) :: ['leukemia']


abstract: @entity17487 and @entity28579 are @entity19765 that are excreted through the lungs to a small degree in healthy subjects. These gasses are produced from the peroxidation of unsaturated fats which are found both in body tissues and in foods. These gasses are excreted in larger amounts by @entity1 with increased production of reactive @entity26 metabolites, including those with @entity32 or @entity63 . Thus, detection of these gasses in excessive quantities is considered evidence for lipid peroxidation. However, the effects of dietary factors on these measurements have not been defined. To define the effects of eating on the pulmonary excretion of these @entity19765 , 29 healthy subjects were fed a standardized liquid diet (1060 kcal, 12.9 g @entity4722 and 385 mg @entity7461 ) after an overnight fast. Breath @entity19765 were measured at 0, 1, 3, and 6 hours. All subjects had normal @entity270 (1.11 + 0.26 mg/dl), @entity904 (64 +/- 14 micrograms/dl), @entity2066 (27 +/- 21 micrograms/dl), @entity14319 (23 +/- 12 micrograms/dl) and @entity219 (81.9 +/- 13.5 micrograms/dl) levels. No statistically significant changes in either @entity2292 were noted relative to the fasting level. We conclude that oral diet does not alter pulmonary @entity17487 or @entity28579 excretion in healthy subjects.

title: Oral diet does not alter pulmonary XXXX or @entity17487 excretion in healthy subjects.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity270 :: ('MESH:D014810', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin E']

entities_list: @entity2066 :: ('MESH:D019207', 'Chemical') :: ['beta carotene']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity17487 :: ('MESH:D004980', 'Chemical') :: ['Ethane', 'ethane']

entities_list: @entity904 :: ('MESH:D014801', 'Chemical') :: ['retinol']

entities_list: @entity7461 :: ('MESH:D017962', 'Chemical') :: ['linolenic acid']

entities_list: @entity4722 :: ('MESH:D019787', 'Chemical') :: ['linoleic acid']

answer: @entity28579 :: (MESH:C033353,Chemical) :: ['pentane']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Pelvic floor @entity130 as a result of vaginal childbirth can cause significant pelvic floor morbidity. In this observational study, we intended to define whether such @entity130 is associated with abnormal hiatal biometry and/or abnormal biomechanical properties of the levator muscle. STUDY DESIGN: The datasets of 414 urogynecologic @entity1 were assessed in a retrospective study. @entity1 underwent an interview, clinical examination, and 3-/4-dimensional pelvic floor ultrasound. All analysis was performed offline using proprietary software. Hiatal dimensions and strain were measured. RESULTS: In 21.1% of parous @entity1 with a history of vaginal delivery, an @entity155 of the levator muscle was diagnosed, and in 8.6% it was bilateral. The relative risk of abnormal distensibility was 3.5 (95% confidence interval, 1.7-6.5) in unilateral and 3.96 (95% confidence interval, 1.7-9.2) in bilateral @entity155 . @entity155 increased muscle distensibility on Valsalva and reduced muscle shortening on pelvic floor muscle contraction. CONCLUSION: @entity130 is associated with abnormal levator biometry and function.

title: The effect of levator XXXX on hiatal dimension and function.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity155 :: ('MESH:D014084', 'Disease') :: ['Avulsion', 'avulsion']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['Avulsion injury', 'trauma']

answer: @entity155 :: (MESH:D014084,Disease) :: ['avulsion']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: A post-marketing surveillance study evaluating the sensitivity of the Individual Symptom Score (IndiSS) in assessing the treatment benefits of @entity8124 in @entity1 with @entity195 ( @entity195 ) under everyday conditions. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: For each @entity1 , up to three 'especially relevant' individual symptoms were defined and evaluated during @entity8124 treatment. Changes were scored on a five-point Likert-type scale, ranging from 'markedly improved' (+2) to 'markedly worsened' (-2). The mean score for all IndiSS items was calculated after 3 and 6 months. Positive values represented treatment success. In addition, @entity1 with @entity304 (PS+) or @entity66 (CVD+) were compared with those with neither condition. RESULTS: A total of 2046 @entity1 with @entity195 enrolled. The most frequent IndiSS items were (% @entity1 ): memory (24%), disorientation (14%) and @entity393 (9%). The mean IndiSS for the overall @entity1 population was +0.7 +/- 0.7 points after 3 months and +0.9 +/- 0.8 after 6 months. @entity1 with concomitant PS+ or CVD+ showed similar improvements in IndiSS. CONCLUSION: Identification and follow-up of individual symptoms is a useful tool for evaluating therapy response to @entity8124 in everyday practice. @entity1 with concomitant PS+ or CVD+ benefit from @entity8124 therapy and show a similar side-effect profile.

title: @entity8124 in XXXX : a clinical observational study evaluating individual treatment response.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['cerebrovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity304 :: ('MESH:D010302', 'Disease') :: ['concomitant parkinsonian symptoms']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['AD', "Alzheimer's disease"]

entities_list: @entity8124 :: ('MESH:C076946', 'Chemical') :: ['donepezil']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['loss of initiative/apathy']

answer: @entity195 :: (MESH:D000544,Disease) :: ['Alzheimer's disease']


abstract: Because @entity8233 produces much less prostacyclin (PGI2) than arterial intima and may be more susceptible to cyclooxygenase inhibition, @entity117 treatment might enhance surface thrombogenesis. To test this hypothesis, aortic prostheses were placed in eight @entity235 and measurements of platelet survival and platelet @entity750 (5HT) were made under conditions of no treatment and treatment with low-dose (2mg/kg) and high-dose (30 mg/kg) @entity117 . These doses equally suppressed platelet function. Measurements were performed preoperatively, 6 to 8 weeks postoperatively (when @entity8233 was present), and 28 to 32 weeks postoperatively ( @entity8233 fully developed). Platelet survival and 5HT levels were markedly reduced 6 to 8 weeks postoperatively and returned to normal at 28 to 32 weeks after implantation. At all times, low-dose @entity117 improved platelet survival and this effect was most apparent 6 to 8 weeks postoperatively. Treatment with either @entity117 dose decreased platelet 5HT levels at the 28 to 32 week postoperative period but not at other times. At recovery of prostheses, 90% of the luminal surface was covered with endothelialized @entity8233 . Neointimal production of PGI2 was one half to one third that of aortic production. Despite this, low- and high-dose @entity117 equally suppressed PGI2 production from both @entity8233 and aorta. Furthermore, @entity117 did not increase labeled platelet uptake on @entity8233 . We conclude that (1) @entity117 treatment does not render @entity8233 thrombogenic and (2) @entity117 alters platelet survival and 5HT levels by mechanisms other than inhibition of platelet and @entity8233 cyclooxygenase.

title: Platelet survival and XXXX content after placement of arterial prostheses in @entity235 : effects of neointimal coverage and high- and low-dose @entity117 .

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['serotonin']

entities_list: @entity8233 :: ('MESH:D058426', 'Disease') :: ['prosthetic neointima', 'little neointima', 'neointima']

answer: @entity750 :: (MESH:D012701,Chemical) :: ['serotonin']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study examined the temporal relation between therapeutic alliance and outcome in two treatments for @entity1279 ( @entity1279 ). METHOD: Eighty adults with @entity1279 symptoms were randomized to 21 sessions of @entity73 ( @entity73 ) or enhanced cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT-E). Bulimic symptoms (i.e., frequency of binge eating and purging) were assessed at each session and posttreatment. Therapeutic alliance (Working Alliance Inventory) was assessed at Sessions 2, 8, 14, and posttreatment. Repeated-measures analyses using linear mixed models with random intercepts were conducted to determine differences in alliance growth by treatment and @entity1 characteristics. Mixed-effects models examined the relation between alliance and symptom improvement. RESULTS: Overall, @entity1 in both treatments reported strong therapeutic alliances. Regardless of treatment, greater therapeutic alliance between (but not within) subjects predicted greater reductions in bulimic behavior; reductions in bulimic behavior also predicted improved alliance. @entity1 with higher @entity308 , @entity148 , or @entity10204 had a stronger therapeutic alliance in CBT-E than @entity73 , while those with more intimacy problems had greater improvement in therapeutic alliance in @entity73 compared to CBT-E. CONCLUSIONS: Therapeutic alliance has a unique impact on outcome, independent of the impact of symptom improvement on alliance. Within- and between-subjects effects revealed that changes in alliance over time did not predict symptom improvement, but rather that individuals who had a stronger alliance overall had better bulimic symptom outcomes. These findings indicate that therapeutic alliance is an important predictor of outcome in the treatment of @entity1279 . (PsycINFO Database Record

title: Therapeutic alliance in a randomized clinical trial for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['integrative cognitive-affective therapy', 'ICAT']

entities_list: @entity10204 :: ('MESH:D021081', 'Disease') :: ['emotion dysregulation']

entities_list: @entity1279 :: ('MESH:D052018', 'Disease') :: ['bulimia nervosa', 'BN']

answer: @entity1279 :: (MESH:D052018,Disease) :: ['bulimia nervosa']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Lower @entity159 ( @entity159 ) is associated with higher morbidity and mortality in many countries. Present evidence suggests that @entity726 has similar risk factors to major @entity102 such as @entity65 . This study investigates the association between @entity159 and intraocular pressure (IOP), an important risk factor for @entity726 . METHODS: The Tanjong Pagar Study was a population-based cross-sectional survey of Chinese @entity1 aged 40-79 years, who were randomly selected from the Singapore electoral register. Of the 2000 @entity1 selected, 1717 were considered eligible and 1090 were examined in clinic and included in the present study. IOP was measured using applanation tonometry. @entity159 was assessed using a standardised questionnaire; education and income were used as the main explanatory variables. The effect of @entity551 ( @entity551 ) was also examined. RESULTS: @entity1 with lower levels of education and income had higher mean IOP (both p<0.01). These associations remained after adjusting for age and central corneal thickness, a strong independent predictor. @entity551 was strongly associated with both @entity159 and IOP (both p<0.01). Adjusting for @entity551 attenuated the association between @entity159 and IOP. CONCLUSION: @entity1 with lower education and income have a higher mean IOP. This effect may be mediated, in part, by an association of education and income with @entity551 . This is the first study to suggest that there is a social gradient in the distribution of the only major modifiable risk factor for @entity726 . Increasing similarities exist between the causation models of @entity102 and that of @entity726 .

title: Socioeconomic status, XXXX and intraocular pressure: the Tanjong Pagar Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Participants', 'people']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic diseases']

entities_list: @entity159 :: ('MESH:D013226', 'Disease') :: ['SES', 'socioeconomic status']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['systolic blood pressure', 'SBP']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity551 :: (MESH:D007022,Disease) :: ['systolic blood pressure']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: In a cross-sectional analysis in postmenopausal @entity1 , @entity1171 were associated with lower areal @entity79 ( @entity79 ) and trabecular bone alterations compared to no @entity174 history. Compared to @entity1 with @entity174 , microstructure alterations were of lower magnitude. These data suggest that @entity1171 are another manifestation of @entity79 . INTRODUCTION: Whether @entity1171 represent @entity174 associated with low areal @entity79 (aBMD) and volumetric @entity79 (vBMD) and/or bone microstructure alterations remains unclear, in contrast to the well-recognised association between @entity174 and @entity170 . The objective of this study was to investigate aBMD, vBMD and bone microstructure in postmenopausal @entity1 with prior @entity1171 in adulthood, compared with @entity1 without prior @entity174 or with @entity1 with @entity174 , considered as typically of osteoporotic origin. METHODS: In a cross-sectional analysis in the Geneva Retirees Cohort study, 63 @entity1 with @entity1171 and 59 with @entity174 were compared to 433 @entity1 without @entity174 (mean age, 65        1  years). aBMD was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; distal radius and tibia vBMD and bone microstructure were measured by high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography. RESULTS: Compared with @entity1 without @entity174 , those with @entity1171 had lower aBMD, radius vBMD (-7.9  %), trabecular density (-10.7  %), number (-7.3  %) and thickness (-4.6  %) and higher trabecular spacing (+14.5  %) (P   <   0.05 for all). Tibia trabecular variables were also altered. For 1 standard deviation @entity79 or radius trabecular density, odds ratios for @entity1171 were 2.2 and 1.6, respectively, vs 2.2 and 2.7 for @entity174 , respectively (P    <=   0.001 for all). Compared to @entity1 with @entity174 , those with @entity1171 had similar spine and hip aBMD, but microstructure alterations of lower magnitude. CONCLUSION: @entity1 with @entity1171 have lower aBMD and vBMD and trabecular bone alterations, suggesting that @entity1171 are another manifestation of @entity79 .

title: Prior @entity1171 in postmenopausal XXXX are associated with low areal @entity79 and bone microstructure alterations.

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['forearm fracture', 'forearm fractures', 'fragility fractures', 'fracture', 'prior forearm fractures']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity1171 :: ('MESH:D064386', 'Disease') :: ['ankle fracture', 'ankle fractures', 'prior ankle fractures']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone mineral density', 'decrease in total hip aBMD', 'BMD', 'bone fragility']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: IMPORTANCE: @entity10352 ( @entity10352 ), a rare bilateral @entity5863 following penetrating @entity2194 or ocular surgery to one eye, shares a strikingly similar ocular pathology to that of @entity7375 ( @entity7375 ). @entity409 is a major extraocular manifestation of @entity7375 ; however, to date, only a few cases of @entity10352 associated with @entity393 have been reported from ophthalmologists, but not otolaryngologists. Accordingly, little is known about the audiovestibular findings in @entity1 with @entity10352 . We herein present two cases of @entity10352 with preceding @entity393 . OBSERVATIONS: The @entity1 in Case 1, an 80-year-old female, experienced acute @entity393 . Five days after the onset of @entity393 , she presented with @entity227 . In Case 2, a 32-year-old female noticed acute @entity393 and also experienced acute @entity227 the subsequent day. @entity1 1 had a history of a penetrating @entity4858 25 days before the onset of @entity393 , while @entity1 2 had previously undergone right vitreous surgery twice for the treatment of a myopic macular hole and @entity1713 36 and 43 days prior to the current symptom onset. Both cases were diagnosed as @entity10352 based on ocular findings of bilateral @entity5863 and the history of ocular insult. @entity1 1 carried HLA-DR4, HLA-DR15, HLA-A33, HLA-A24, HLA-B44 and HLA-B52, and @entity1 2 carried HLA-DR4. Audiograms showed bilateral mild to moderate @entity1274 in both cases, with normal auditory brainstem responses and deteriorated distortion product otoacoustic emission amplitudes. In addition, the significant recruitment phenomenon observed in case 1 suggested a cochlear origin of the @entity393 . Both @entity1 received corticosteroid therapy, and the cochlear signs and symptoms recovered within one month. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: This is the first report to describe the comprehensive audiovestibular findings in @entity1 with @entity10352 . In the present study, acute @entity393 developed a couple of days prior to the onset of bilateral @entity227 and auditory examinations suggested a cochlear etiology in both cases.

title: XXXX as the initial symptom of @entity10352 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity2194 :: ('MESH:D005128', 'Disease') :: ['ocular trauma']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['sudden bilateral blurred vision', 'visual loss', 'bilateral blurred vision']

entities_list: @entity5863 :: ('MESH:D015864', 'Disease') :: ['panuveitis']

entities_list: @entity1713 :: ('MESH:D012163', 'Disease') :: ['retinal detachment']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['Audiovestibular dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity4858 :: ('MESH:D005131', 'Disease') :: ['injury to the right eye']

entities_list: @entity1274 :: ('MESH:D006319', 'Disease') :: ['sensorineural hearing loss']

entities_list: @entity7375 :: ('MESH:D014607', 'Disease') :: ['VKH', 'Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease']

entities_list: @entity10352 :: ('MESH:D009879', 'Disease') :: ['sympathetic ophthalmia', 'SO', 'Sympathetic ophthalmia']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['bilateral hearing loss', 'hearing loss']

answer: @entity393 :: (MESH:D034381,Disease) :: ['Bilateral hearing impairment']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVES: To perform a prospective comparison of direct real-time endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS)-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA), positron emission tomography (PET), and thoracic CT for detection of mediastinal and hilar lymph node @entity3 in @entity1 with @entity2 considered for surgical resection. DESIGN: Prospective @entity1 enrollment. SETTING: University teaching hospital. @entity1 : One hundred two potentially operable @entity1 with proven (n = 96) or radiologically suspected (n = 6) @entity2 were included in the study. INTERVENTIONS: CT, PET, and EBUS-TBNA were performed prior to surgery for the evaluation of mediastinal and hilar lymph node @entity3 . The convex probe EBUS, which is integrated with a convex scanning probe on its tip, was used for EBUS-TBNA. Surgical histology was used as the "gold standard" to confirm lymph node @entity3 unless @entity1 were found inoperable for N3 or extensive @entity66 proven by EBUS-TBNA. MAIN RESULTS: EBUS-TBNA was successfully performed in all 102 @entity1 (mean age, 67.8 years) from 147 mediastinal and 53 hilar lymph nodes. EBUS-TBNA proved malignancy in 37 lymph node stations in 24 @entity1 . CT identified 92 positive lymph nodes, and PET identified 89 positive lymph nodes (4 supraclavicular, 63 mediastinal, 22 hilar). The sensitivities of CT, PET, and EBUS-TBNA for the correct diagnosis of mediastinal and hilar lymph node staging were 76.9%, 80.0%, and 92.3%, respectively; specificities were 55.3%, 70.1%, and 100%, and diagnostic accuracies were 60.8%, 72.5%, and 98.0%. EBUS-TBNA was uneventful, and there were no complications. CONCLUSION: Compared to CT and PET, EBUS-TBNA has a high sensitivity as well as specificity for mediastinal and hilar lymph node staging in @entity1 with @entity2 . EBUS-TBNA should be considered for evaluation of the mediastinum early in the staging process of @entity2 .

title: Comparison of endobronchial ultrasound, positron emission tomography, and CT for lymph node staging of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['N2 disease']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['lung cancer']


abstract: The importance of the interval between @entity1499 ( @entity1500 ) and @entity1487 ( @entity1487 ) was studied in 168 @entity1 with previously untreated, measurable, advanced @entity14 . They were randomized to receive @entity1500 200 mg/m2, followed by @entity1487 600 mg/m2 either 24 hours (arm A) or 1 hour (arm B) after @entity1500 . All @entity1 received leucovorin (LV) 24 hours after @entity1500 , 10 mg/m2 orally every 6 hours for six doses. The regimen was repeated every 2 weeks, with @entity1487 escalation as tolerated. Arm A was significantly better than arm B with respect to overall response rate (29% v 14.5%, P = .026), @entity1054 ( @entity1054 ; median, 9.9 months v 5.9 months, P = .009), and survival (median, 15.3 months v 11.4 months, P = .003). Significant differences between arms were not found in response rate, median @entity1054 , or median survival for the subgroup of @entity1 with rectal primaries who comprised 20% of the @entity1 in each arm. Significant factors prognostic for survival were performance status and number of metastases, as well as treatment. Age did not influence survival. @entity137 was similar in both arms and was primarily gastrointestinal. More @entity33 was seen in arm A. There were four toxic deaths secondary to @entity1398 and @entity281 (one from arm A and three from arm B) and three other deaths (two from arm A and one from arm B) that were possibly drug-related. The combination of @entity1500 with LV rescue and @entity1487 is an active regimen in advanced @entity14 ; its efficacy is increased in colon, but not @entity5 , when the interval between @entity1500 and @entity1487 is long (24 hours) rather than short (1 hour).

title: The influence of drug interval on the effect of @entity1499 and @entity1487 in the treatment of advanced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['Toxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['rectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['mucositis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

entities_list: @entity1054 :: ('MESH:D000377', 'Disease') :: ['TTP', 'time to progression']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['5-FU', 'fluorouracil']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to evaluate the risk of mortality and complications associated with @entity82 in @entity130 @entity1 . METHODS: This is an IRB-approved retrospective @entity130 registry study of @entity1 admitted to an academic level 1 @entity130 center from 1997 to 2006. The following parameters were abstracted for analysis: age, gender, mechanism of injury, Abbreviated Injury Score, Injury Severity Score, Glasgow @entity772 Scale, mortality, and complications ( @entity649 , @entity810 , @entity55 , @entity6177 , @entity1003 ). Multivariable analysis was utilized to compare the mortality and complication rates between cirrhotic and noncirrhotic @entity130 @entity1 . The subgroup of @entity1 who underwent laparotomy was also analyzed. RESULTS: During the 10-year study period there were 36,038 @entity130 registry @entity1 , of which 468 (1.3%) had a diagnosis of @entity82 . The mortality in the cirrhotic group was 12% vs. 6% in the noncirrhotic group [adjusted odds ratio = 5.65 (95% CI = 3.72 - 8.41, p < 0.0001)]. @entity649 , @entity1003 , and septic complications were significantly more common in the cirrhotic group. The overall severe complication rate in the two groups was 10 and 4%, respectively [adjusted odds ratio = 2.05 (95% CI = 1.45 - 2.84, p < 0.0001)]. For the subgroup of @entity1 who underwent emergent abdominal exploration, the mortality rate increased to 40% compared with that of noncirrhotics at 15% [adjusted odds ratio = 4.35 (95% CI = 2.00 - 9.18, p = 0.0002)]. CONCLUSION: @entity82 is an independent risk factor for increased mortality and higher complication rate following @entity130 . Injured @entity1 who undergo laparotomy are significantly more likely to die than noncirrhotic @entity1 . Injured @entity1 with @entity82 warrant @entity146 monitoring and treatment.

title: @entity82 and XXXX are a lethal combination.

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis', 'Cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive']

entities_list: @entity6177 :: ('MESH:D018784', 'Disease') :: ['intra-abdominal abscess']

entities_list: @entity1003 :: ('MESH:D001778', 'Disease') :: ['trauma-associated coagulopathy']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['acute renal failure']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['trauma']


abstract: Diagnosing recurrent @entity978 is an important oncologic problem. When relapse does not occur in peripheral nodal sites, then a major surgical exploration is often considered. Lymph node @entity1173 is proposed as a less invasive approach capable of establishing a diagnosis in some instances. In this retrospective study, 19 @entity1 with @entity978 underwent 64 lymph node @entity1173 . Of these @entity1 , 17 had suspected @entity978 with involvement at an inaccessible site. Two @entity1 with a primary diagnosis of @entity978 underwent @entity1173 of a peripheral site. Of these 19 @entity1 , five (26.3%) had a positive aspirate and only two (10.5%) had an unsatisfactory aspirate. No @entity1 had a false-positive aspirate. Of 15 @entity1 with a negative aspirate, five (33%) had a false-negative aspirate. In no case did a false-negative aspirate delay appropriate therapy. In those @entity1 with a positive aspirate, surgical exploration was avoided. We conclude that lymph node @entity1173 cytology is useful as an initial step to document clinical relapse of @entity978 at a site that might require a major surgical procedure for diagnosis.

title: Lymph node @entity1173 in the management of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity978 :: ('MESH:D006689', 'Disease') :: ["Hodgkin's disease"]

entities_list: @entity1173 :: ('MESH:D053120', 'Disease') :: ['aspiration', 'aspirations']

answer: @entity978 :: (MESH:D006689,Disease) :: ['Hodgkin's disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Although many antiemetic drugs are available for intravenous use in the hospital setting, few are available after @entity1 discharge. Consequently, @entity390 and @entity391 are frequent complaints from @entity1 at home after ambulatory surgery. We tested the hypothesis that the new 8 mg @entity3974 disintegrating tablets will decrease the rate of @entity390 and @entity391 at home after laparoscopic surgery. METHODS: Ninety-six @entity1 were studied in a randomized double-blind study. Starting the first evening after operation and continuing every 12 h for 3 days, @entity1 received either placebo or @entity3974 8 mg disintegrating tablets orally. The @entity1 returned a questionnaire about @entity1209 , other side-effects, e.g. dizziness, @entity10 , nightmare, @entity148 and @entity158 , as well as their overall satisfaction at 24 and 72 h after completion of surgery. RESULTS: The rates of @entity390 and @entity391 were similar in the two groups, both during the first 24 h (28 versus 48%, placebo and @entity3974 , respectively (ns) and during the 24-72 h (21 versus 35% (ns)). The incidence rate of @entity391 was 8% (placebo) versus 12% ( @entity3974 ) during the first 24 h (ns) and 9 versus 13% respectively in the 24-72 h (ns). No difference between groups was observed in overall satisfaction, incidence of @entity282 or other side-effects. CONCLUSIONS: The use of @entity3974 disintegrating tablets of 8 mg twice a day for 3 days did not reduce the incidence of @entity390 and @entity391 in @entity1 undergoing outpatient laparoscopic surgery.

title: XXXX disintegrating tablets of 8 mg twice a day for 3 days did not reduce the incidence of @entity390 or @entity391 after laparoscopic surgery.

entities_list: @entity3974 :: ('MESH:D017294', 'Chemical') :: ['ondansetron']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative pain']

entities_list: @entity1209 :: ('MESH:D020250', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative nausea and vomiting']

answer: @entity3974 :: (MESH:D017294,Chemical) :: ['Ondansetron']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to examine @entity1 with previous @entity9144 and concommitant @entity3541 to see whether there were any persisting symptoms and/or signs of persistent residual @entity3541 . STUDY DESIGN: Open, controlled prospective study. SETTING: Tertiary referral center (University Hospital). @entity1 : The study was conducted on twenty-four @entity1 with clinically @entity9144 and @entity3541 3 to 5 years prior to the investigation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Results of the clinical examination using the House-Brackmann scale were compared to results from two neuro-physiological examinations (qEMG and ENoG). RESULTS: Approximately one-half of the @entity1 with reported subjective symptoms of residual @entity3541 had signs of @entity409 in the clinical examination using the House-Brackmann scale. There was no correlation between the subjective feeling of @entity409 and presence of clinical signs. Likewise, about one-half of the subjective @entity409 group, as well as the control group, were found to demonstrate pathological values in their neurophysiological examinations using qEMG and ENoG. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that the assumption is not true that all @entity1 who had @entity9144 with @entity3541 will heal 100%. A small proportion of the @entity1 claim that several years after the infection, they have subjective symptoms of slight @entity425 on the affected side. Our study shows that some of these @entity1 , as well as some @entity1 without subjective symptoms of @entity3541 , demonstrate a slight @entity425 when examined clinically. Likewise, signs of slight-to-moderate @entity66 were revealed in about half of the @entity1 with the two neurophysiological methods utilized in this study. It is interesting to note that there was no clear correlation between the presence of subjective symptoms, objective signs, and neurophysiological results.

title: Long-term outcome of XXXX in @entity9144 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity9144 :: ('MESH:D020852', 'Disease') :: ['manifest neuroborreliosis', 'neuroborreliosis']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['facial motor dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['facial dysfunction', 'slight dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['facial weakness']

entities_list: @entity3541 :: ('MESH:D005158', 'Disease') :: ['facial palsy']

answer: @entity3541 :: (MESH:D005158,Disease) :: ['facial palsy']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to determine quantitatively the effects of consumption, hemodilution, and @entity190 on coagulation and fibrinolytic factor levels during cardiopulmonary bypass. DESIGN: A combination of measured levels of prothrombin, @entity5582 , @entity2002 , plasminogen, and antiplasmin along with their activation markers F1.2, thrombin- @entity5582 complex, fibrinopeptide A, plasmin-antiplasmin complex, and D-dimer were used with a computer model of each @entity1 's vascular and hemostatic systems to estimate the cardiopulmonary bypass-associated loss of each factor because of hemodilution, @entity190 , and consumption. SETTING: University hospital. @entity1 : Nine @entity1 undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery. INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: At baseline, it was estimated that on average 2%, 3%, and 25%, respectively, of the baseline liver secretion of plasminogen, prothrombin,and @entity2002 were consumed by activation of these proteins. During cardiopulmonary bypass, thrombin and plasmin generation were increased, whereas fibrin generation was decreased because of heparin. Compared with baseline, hemodilution during cardiopulmonary bypass resulted in an average 35% +/- 7% decrease in the concentration of coagulation and fibrinolytic proteins, whereas @entity190 was responsible for an average 6% +/- 5% decrease in these proteins. @entity190 varied substantially among @entity1 , resulting in <1% to 14% decreases in hemostatic protein levels. On average, consumption because of activation resulted in less than a 1% drop in the concentration of coagulation and fibrinolytic factors during cardiopulmonary bypass. CONCLUSIONS: Hemodilution is the primary cause of the drop in coagulation and fibrinolytic proteins during routine cardiopulmonary bypass, followed by @entity190 , whereas consumption accounts for less than a 1% drop in most @entity1 .

title: Effects of hemodilution, XXXX , and consumption on hemostatic factor levels during cardiopulmonary bypass.

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss', 'Blood loss']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PARTICIPANTS']

answer: @entity190 :: (MESH:D006473,Disease) :: ['blood loss']


abstract: The objective of this research was to evaluate the growth performance, the apparent ileal digestibility of @entity1568 and energy, the retention of nutrients and the apparent metabolizable energy corrected to zero @entity1568 retention (AMEn) in broiler @entity1573 supplemented with increasing doses of a worm leachate (WL) as a source of humic substances (HS) in the drinking water. In Exp. 1, 140 male broilers were penned individually and assigned to four WL levels (0%, 10%, 20%, and 30%) mixed in the drinking water from 21 to 49 days of age. Water was offered in plastic bottles tied to the cage. In Exp. 2, 600 male broilers from 21 to 49 days of age housed in floor pens were assigned to three levels of WL (0%, 10%, and 20%) mixed in the drinking water. The WL was mixed with tap water in plastic containers connected by plastic tubing to bell drinkers. The results of both experiments were subjected to analysis of variance and polynomial contrasts. In Exp. 1, the daily water consumption was similar among treatments but the consumption of humic, fulvic, and total humic acids increased linearly (p<0.01) as the WL increased in the drinking water. The feed conversion (p<0.01) and the ileal digestibility of energy, the excretion of dry matter and energy, the retention of dry matter, ash and @entity1568 and the AMEn showed quadratic responses (p<0.05) relative to the WL levels in drinking water. In Exp. 2, the increasing level of WL in the drinking water had quadratic effects on the final body weight, daily weight gain and feed conversion ratio (p<0.05). The addition of WL as a source of HS in the drinking water had beneficial effects on the growth performance, ileal digestibility of energy, the retention of nutrients as well on the AMEn in broiler @entity1573 ; the best results were observed when the WL was mixed at levels of 20% to 30% in the drinking water.

title: Addition of a worm leachate as source of humic substances in the drinking water of broiler XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen']

answer: @entity1573 :: (9031,Species) :: ['chickens']


abstract: PURPOSE: To describe the genotype-phenotype relationship of a cohort of consecutive @entity1 with @entity22232 ( @entity20377 ) secondary to @entity32591 and @entity6099 mutations. METHODS: @entity1 underwent detailed ocular, cardiovascular, and skeletal examination. This was correlated with Sanger sequencing of @entity32591 and @entity6099 genes. RESULTS: Seventeen @entity1 were examined, including one with @entity3611 . Echocardiography and skeletal examination revealed no sign of @entity74 associated with @entity20377 , in particular @entity1614 ( @entity1614 ). Nine @entity1 (52.9%) were found to have mutations in @entity32591 , including four novel nonsense mutations. Four @entity1 (25%) were found to have novel @entity6099 mutations, not previously reported as causing classical @entity1614 . One additional @entity1 was found to have an @entity6099 mutation previously reported in classical @entity1614 . Four @entity1 (25%) were found to have no mutations in either gene. Median age of diagnosis of @entity20377 was 35 years in @entity1 with @entity6099 mutations and 2 years in @entity1 with @entity32591 mutations (P < 0.01). Mean axial length was 22.74 mm (95% confidence interval [CI]: 21.3-24.2) ( @entity6099 ) and 27.54 mm (95% CI: 24.2-30.9) ( @entity32591 ) (P < 0.01). Other ophthalmic features, including corneal thickness and power, foveal thickness, visual acuity, and direction of lens displacement, were similar for both groups. CONCLUSIONS: @entity32591 is the most important known causative gene in isolated @entity20377 . Mutations in @entity32591 appear to cause earlier manifestation of @entity20377 and are associated with increased axial length as compared to @entity6099 . We suggest that @entity32591 be screened in all @entity1 with isolated @entity20377 and that physicians be vigilant for the more severe ocular phenotype associated with mutations in this gene.

title: A genotype-phenotype comparison of XXXX and @entity6099 in @entity22232 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1614 :: ('MESH:D008382', 'Disease') :: ['MFS', 'Marfan syndrome']

entities_list: @entity22232 :: ('MESH:C536184', 'Disease') :: ['isolated ectopia lentis']

entities_list: @entity3611 :: ('MESH:C563268', 'Disease') :: ['ectopia lentis et pupillae']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['systemic disorders']

answer: @entity32591 :: (54507,Gene) :: ['ADAMTSL4']


abstract: A method is described for the isolation of morphologically well-preserved Golgi apparatus from @entity35 liver. The method is essentially the same as that of Morr   et al. (Morr  , D.J., Hamilton, R.L., Mollenhauser, H.H., Mahley, R.W., Cunningham, W.P., Cheetham, R.D., _ Lequire, V.S. (1970) J. Cell Biol. 44, 484-491) except that mild cell disruption is achieved by means of a stainless-steel sieve. The average recoveries of protein and @entity23460 in the isolated fraction are about 6 mg from 10 g of perfused liver and about 35% from the homogenate, respectively. The preparation is virtually free from succinate-cytochrome c reductase, @entity413 -6-phosphatase, acid phosphatase, and 5'-nucleotidase. The Golgi fraction as well as its vesicular fragments is homogeneous upon isopycnic centrifugation in both @entity969 and dextran density gradients. Their buoyant densities in @entity969 are significantly higher than those in dextran, indicating that both forms of the organelle are closed systems which are impermeable to macromolecules. The @entity23460 activity of a freshly prepared Golgi fraction, measured with ovalbumin as galactosyl acceptor, is activated 26-fold by the addition of @entity6000 , whereas those of homogenized, sonicated, and aged preparations are only activated 2- to 4-fold.

title: Biochemical studies of XXXX liver Golgi apparatus. I. Isolation and preliminary characterization.

entities_list: @entity969 :: ('MESH:D013395', 'Chemical') :: ['sucrose']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Fondaparinux @entity1372 is a novel antithrombotic agent, the first of a new class of selective factor Xa inhibitors. It has favourable pharmacokinetics including 100% bioavailability, low variability and a mean terminal half-life of 17 hours for young and 21 hours for elderly healthy volunteers, enabling once-daily administration. Studies on the prevention of @entity1211 ( @entity1211 ) after orthopaedic surgery demonstrated significantly improved efficacy over the low-molecular-weight heparin enoxaparin, with a >50% reduced risk of @entity1211 and a similar safety profile. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the in vitro binding of fondaparinux @entity1372 to purified @entity5582 ( @entity5582 ) and other plasma proteins. METHODS: Fondaparinux @entity1372 was incubated with human plasma, @entity5582 -depleted plasma or purified @entity1 plasma proteins, including @entity5582 , alpha1-acid glycoprotein, serum albumin and immunoglobulin. Non-protein-bound fondaparinux @entity1372 was determined using a validated chromogenic assay method, enabling the calculation of the free fraction of @entity27408 and its binding parameters. RESULTS: At steady state, fondaparinux @entity1372 at therapeutic concentrations [i.e. those attainable in the prevention (0.14 to 0.50 mg/L) and treatment (up to approximately 2 mg/L) of @entity1211 ] was extensively bound (>97%) to plasma proteins and specifically bound (>94%) to purified @entity5582 . The specific binding parameters B(max) (binding capacity) and K(D )(dissociation constant) were similar for @entity1 plasma (B(max) = 2072 nmol/L, K(D) = 28 nmol/L) and purified @entity5582 (B(max) = 1627 nmol/L and K(D) = 32 nmol/L). There was no specific binding of fondaparinux @entity1372 to other purified plasma proteins. CONCLUSION: At clinically relevant concentrations, fondaparinux @entity1372 is highly and specifically bound to @entity5582 in @entity1 plasma, suggesting that potential interaction with drugs via albumin or alpha1-acid glycoprotein displacement is unlikely.

title: Fondaparinux XXXX mechanism of action: identification of specific binding to purified and @entity1 plasma-derived proteins.

entities_list: @entity27408 :: ('MESH:C438268', 'Chemical') :: ['fondaparinux sodium']

entities_list: @entity5582 :: ('462', 'Gene') :: ['ATIII', 'antithrombin III', 'antithrombin']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['VTE', 'venous thromboembolism']

answer: @entity1372 :: (MESH:D012964,Chemical) :: ['sodium']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this phase II study was to evaluate whether low-risk non-muscle-invasive @entity150 can be ablated with intravesical @entity136 in a marker lesion study. @entity1 AND METHODS: The study had a Simon II-stage design. Thirteen @entity1 were to be recruited for stage I. In the event of >= 4 responses, another 30 @entity1 were to be recruited. @entity1 were given @entity136 2,000 mg intravesically once per week for 6 weeks and the response was assessed with endoscopic, histological, and urine cytological findings. RESULTS: Fourteen @entity1 evaluated for efficacy completed the study; complete responses were achieved by 2 @entity1 (14.3%), both of these @entity1 had lesions of <1 cm. Eleven @entity1 (78.6%) were non-responders and 1 @entity1 (7.1%) had progressive disease. Since the response rate in stage I was below the minimal pre-defined limit, the study was stopped. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that intravesical @entity136 does not merit further study in this @entity1 population. A @entity5 size of >1 cm may be a critical factor in accounting for the low response rate.

title: Can XXXX instillation ablate solitary low-risk non-muscle-invasive @entity150 ? Results of a phase II marker lesion study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder cancer']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['gemcitabine']

answer: @entity136 :: (MESH:C056507,Chemical) :: ['gemcitabine']


abstract: To shorten hospital stay or to allow ambulatory procedures, 4Fr catheters for left-sided cardiac catheterization can be used. These latter parameters may also be influenced by compression time and bed rest duration. The role of these parameters was assessed by prospectively including 130 consecutive @entity1 who underwent 4Fr femoral diagnostic procedures. The @entity1 were randomized into two groups: group 1 consisted of 70 @entity1 undergoing 5-minute compression and group 2 consisted of 60 @entity1 with 15-minute compression. In each group, a second randomization was applied to determine the bed rest duration (2-4 hours). More group 1 @entity1 experienced immediate @entity548 following manual compression than group 2 @entity1 (12 [17%] vs 3 [5%], P < 0.03, respectively). Compared to group 2, a slight but nonsignificant increase in the total number of @entity1410 was observed in group 1 (31 vs 22%, NS). No difference existed in terms of local large @entity1410 at 24 hours (7% in each group) or in terms of benign > or = 10 cm diffuse subcutaneous ecchymosis at 7-day follow-up (13 [19%] group 1 @entity1 vs 8 [13%] group 2 @entity1 , NS). However, persistence of diffuse subcutaneous ecchymosis at 7-day follow-up appeared to be related to the history of immediate @entity548 following manual compression in both groups (group 1: 5/13 vs 7/57 @entity1 [P < 0.04] and group 2: 3/8 vs 0/52 @entity1 [P < 0.002]). In conclusion, 4Fr femoral left-sided cardiac catheterization is safe and could be performed as an ambulatory procedure. However, it requires 15-minute duration of manual compression associated with 2-hour bed rest to decrease @entity548 .

title: Role of manual compression time and bed rest duration on the occurrence of femoral XXXX complications after sheath retrieval following 4Fr left-sided cardiac catheterization.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1410 :: ('MESH:D006406', 'Disease') :: ['hematomas']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding', 'local bleeding complications']

answer: @entity548 :: (MESH:D006470,Disease) :: ['bleeding']


abstract: The effects of the @entity3650 reductase inhibitor (ARI) @entity3651 (250 mg/day) were tested in an open-label pilot study over 1 year, in eight diabetics with @entity1897 , seven of whom had symptomic @entity4148 ( @entity4148 ). Autonomic function studies of the urinary bladder, stomach and cardiovascular system were performed at baseline, 6 and 12 months. Six @entity1 reported improvement in symptoms of @entity4148 by 6 months which was maintained or further improved by 12 months. Bladder sensation, as measured by cystometrographic parameters, improved at 6 months (P less than 0.02- less than 0.04), but by 12 months had reverted to baseline. Residual urine volume decreased at 6 months (P less than 0.06) and 12 months (P less than 0.06). Vagally mediated gastric acid secretion improved at 6 months (P less than 0.06); the subgroup of @entity1 with subnormal secretion showed improvement to the normal range at 6 months (P less than 0.03). Gastric emptying of solid food was normal in six of eight subjects and showed no significant change at 6 months. Both @entity1 with delayed emptying normalized. No change in beat-to-beat variability in heart rate with respiration was noted. Resting minimum heart rate decreased at 12 months (P less than 0.05). Glycohemoglobin levels showed no statistically significant changes. No toxic reactions were observed. These data suggest a beneficial effect of @entity10916 treatment on symptomatic and asymptomatic manifestations of @entity4148 and indicate a need for large controlled trials.

title: Influence of long-term XXXX reductase inhibitor therapy on autonomic dysfunction of urinary bladder, stomach and cardiovascular systems in diabetic @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity3651 :: ('MESH:C026411', 'Chemical') :: ['sorbinil']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity4148 :: ('MESH:D001342', 'Disease') :: ['autonomic neuropathy', 'diabetic autonomic neuropathy', 'AN']

answer: @entity3650 :: (CHEBI:15693,Chemical) :: ['aldose']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Blood pressure (BP) elevation in medical office settings in @entity1 who are normotensive in nonmedical settings is an effect known as ' @entity19430 '. This phenomenon is thought to be due to situational @entity148 caused by the experience of visiting a doctor and the @entity148 -inducing nature of the medical office. Our study was designed to determine if carefully selected photographic art could counter the @entity148 that causes @entity19430 and lead to lower BP recordings in some @entity1 . METHODS: 117 adults, non-pregnant @entity1 from the Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Family Medicine Resident Clinic participated in this study. After the triage nurse measured the BP, the @entity1 were randomly placed in either an exam room with standard medical posters (control room) or in an exam room with photographic art (photo room). The BP was measured in the exam room. After the medical visit, the @entity1 switched rooms and the BP was measured a third time. The @entity1 were asked to fill out a questionnaire to identify room preference. RESULTS: On average, the BP obtained in the control rooms was higher than that obtained in the photo rooms. There was a statistically significant difference between the mean arterial pressure, systolic BP and diastolic BP between the control room and the photo room. CONCLUSIONS: Landscape photographic art may have the beneficial effect of reducing BP in medical office examination rooms.

title: Photographic art in exam rooms may reduce XXXX .

entities_list: @entity19430 :: ('MESH:D059466', 'Disease') :: ['white coat hypertension']

answer: @entity19430 :: (MESH:D059466,Disease) :: ['white coat hypertension']