abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate nursery practices regarding outpatient recognition of @entity4837 . DESIGN: Descriptive survey. @entity1 : Random sample of nursery head nurses and pediatricians from national lists. SETTING: Nurseries with more than 100 births per year and pediatricians responsible for newborn discharges. RESULTS: Head nurses from 204 nurseries and 200 pediatricians were surveyed, with 62% of head nurses and 55% of pediatricians responding. Almost half of the head nurses (45%) reported lack of a written @entity4837 protocol. Twenty-seven percent of head nurses and pediatricians reported that no system is in place to track @entity4837 after discharge. Forty percent of head nurses and 26% of pediatricians reported from higher-risk nurseries, defined as nurseries where more than 25% of mothers did not have a high school diploma or more than 50% of @entity1 were born to single-parent families. These nurseries were no more likely to have a protocol for @entity1087 management or to use a system to track newborns after discharge. Discharge of most newborns before 36 hours of age was common (70% of head nurses, 62% of pediatricians) and some respondents discharged most newborns before 24 hours of age (16% of head nurses, 12% of pediatricians). For newborns discharged before 24 hours of age, more than half of the nurseries surveyed scheduled follow-up within 2 to 3 days (53% of head nurses, 62% of pediatricians). The likelihood of such follow-up did not differ by type of health care insurance, level of maternal education, percentage of single-parent families, predominance of minority @entity1 , or higher risk as defined above. CONCLUSIONS: In our sample, many nurseries lack parent education, @entity4837 protocols, and @entity4837 tracking systems. Newborns discharged before 48 hours of age are often not scheduled to be seen by a health care provider within 2 to 3 days, despite American Academy of Pediatrics guidelines recommending such follow-up.

title: Nursery practices and detection of XXXX after newborn discharge.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'infants', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity4837 :: ('MESH:D007567', 'Disease') :: ['jaundiced newborns', 'neonatal jaundice']

answer: @entity1087 :: (MESH:D007565,Disease) :: ['jaundice']


abstract: The potential plasticity and therapeutic utility in tissue regeneration of @entity1 adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) isolated from adult adipose tissue have recently been highlighted. The use of autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) represents an alternative strategy in regenerative medicine for the local release of multiple endogenous growth factors. Here we investigated the signaling pathways and effects of PRP and @entity1 recombinant insulin on proliferation and adipogenic differentiation of ASCs in vitro. PRP stimulated proliferation (EC(50) = 15.3    1.3% vol/vol), whereas insulin's effect was the opposite (IC(50) = 3.0    0.5  M). Although PRP alone did not increase adipogenesis, in association with insulin it prevented ASC proliferative arrest, greatly enhanced intracytoplasmic lipid accumulation, strongly increased @entity563 / @entity1889 kinase @entity584 phosphorylation and mouse monoclonal anti- @entity5068 regulatory element binding protein-1 accumulation, and downregulated @entity12206 activity; adipogenic effects were markedly prevented by the @entity584 inhibitor @entity2307 . PRP with insulin synergistically upregulated fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) and downregulated @entity470 ( @entity470 ) expression; moreover, PRP in association prevented insulin-induced insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor and insulin receptor downregulation. The inhibition of @entity7167 , @entity470 ( @entity470 ), and @entity1722 ( @entity1722 ) activity reduced ASC proliferation, but only that of @entity7167 reduced adipogenesis and @entity584 phosphorylation, whereas the @entity1722 inhibition effects were the opposite. However, @entity470 activity was needed for @entity1722 -mediated inhibition of ASC adipogenesis. Clinically, the injection of insulin further ameliorated @entity1 ' 1-year PRP-induced fat graft volume maintenance and contour restoring. Our results ascertain that PRP in association with insulin greatly potentiates adipogenesis in @entity1 ASCs through a @entity7167 and @entity1722 -regulated @entity584 mechanism. The ameliorated clinical fat graft maintenance suggests additional useful translational applications of combined PRP-insulin treatment in regenerative medicine.

title: Platelet-rich plasma greatly potentiates insulin-induced adipogenic differentiation of @entity1 adipose-derived stem cells through a XXXX / @entity1889 kinase @entity584 -dependent mechanism and promotes clinical fat graft maintenance.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity470 :: ('1956', 'Gene') :: ['EGFR', 'epidermal growth factor receptor', 'ErbB']

entities_list: @entity2307 :: ('MESH:C009687', 'Chemical') :: ['wortmannin']

entities_list: @entity563 :: ('CHEBI:17822', 'Chemical') :: ['serine']

entities_list: @entity1889 :: ('CHEBI:26986', 'Chemical') :: ['threonine']

entities_list: @entity1722 :: ('2064', 'Gene') :: ['ErbB2', 'epidermal growth factor receptor-2']

answer: @entity563 :: (CHEBI:17822,Chemical) :: ['serine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To determine within one tertiary care center: 1) the variation between providers in testing for @entity1593 in @entity1 with chronic @entity490 ; 2) the characteristics of those @entity1 who were more likely to be tested, and 3) the prevalence of @entity1593 in those evaluated. METHODS: Retrospective review of @entity1 with a primary complaint of chronic @entity490 referred to a tertiary care @entity1 's hospital for pediatric gastroenterology evaluation over a 2-year period was conducted. @entity1 with at least two visits and without an identified organic etiology for the @entity158 were included. RESULTS: 160 @entity1 were evaluated by 16 pediatric gastroenterologists and one nurse practitioner. Celiac serologic testing was completed in 63 (39.4%) @entity1 . There was no significant variance in the frequency of celiac serologic testing between providers. @entity1 age, gender, body mass index, and baseline @entity344 did not predict whether celiac serologic testing occurred, though Caucasians (P   <   0.01) were more likely to be tested. Eighty-two (51.3%) @entity1 underwent either serologic testing and/or esophagogastroduodenoscopy. Four (4.9%, 95% CI: 1.6-11.3%) of the 82 tested were diagnosed with @entity1593 . CONCLUSIONS: Though interprovider variation for @entity1593 testing in @entity1 with chronic @entity490 did not occur, a large number of these @entity1 were not evaluated for @entity1593 . @entity1 's race/ethnicity but not their associated @entity344 predicted whether celiac testing was undertaken. In those tested, @entity1593 was identified in a higher percentage than that expected in the general population.

title: Interprovider variation of @entity1593 testing in childhood chronic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Child', 'children', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity1593 :: ('MESH:D002446', 'Disease') :: ['celiac disease']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal symptoms']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

answer: @entity490 :: (MESH:D015746,Disease) :: ['abdominal pain']


abstract: Cell suspensions of @entity10786 ( @entity10786 .) can be cryopreserved by slow freezing (about 2 C per minute) in medium containing @entity3733 as a cryoprotectant. After storage in liquid @entity1568 and thawing they demonstrate a high viability and are able to resume growth. Such a method entirely fails to preserve clonal plantlets; somatic embryos cease organized development at the time of freezing and recover growth only by secondary embryogenesis. Modification of the procedure, involving the removal of superficial moisture from cryoprotectant-treated embryos and plantlets and enclosing them in a foil envelope before freezing, greatly improves their survival potential. The use of @entity3733 at levels between 2.5 and 20% (v/v) and freezing at rates between 1 and 5 C per minute yielded viable preparations under appropriate thawing conditions. In general, treatments which increased tissue @entity2700 before or during freezing were most successful when followed by relatively slow thawing. Conversely where @entity2700 to a lesser degree was achieved, more rapid thawing was advantageous. Postthawing washing or inoculation into liquid media was inhibitory to recovery. On semisolid regrowth medium, somatic embryos resumed normal development, whereas in plantlets the root and shoot meristem regions gave rise to new growth. In both cases, inclusion of activated charcoal in the medium promoted organized growth.

title: Freeze Preservation of Somatic Embryos and Clonal Plantlets of @entity10786 ( XXXX ).

entities_list: @entity2700 :: ('MESH:D003681', 'Disease') :: ['dehydration']

entities_list: @entity10786 :: ('4039', 'Species') :: ['carrot', 'Daucus carota L']

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen']

entities_list: @entity3733 :: ('MESH:D004121', 'Chemical') :: ['dimethylsulfoxide']

answer: @entity10786 :: (4039,Species) :: ['Daucus carota L']


abstract: Revision surgery following failed @entity572 ( @entity572 ) is technically demanding. We reviewed 12 @entity1 in our institution that required a revision surgery between January 1994 and December 2003. The aims of this study are to identify the causes of redislocation after the primary open reduction and to determine the clinical and radiological outcome after the revision surgery. The mean age at presentation for @entity572 was 31 months (range 1-84) and the mean age at primary open reduction surgery was 38 months (range 15-84) and the mean age at revision surgery was 69 months (range 21-180). The mean follow-up period after revision surgery was 20 months (range 3-84). All the revision surgery was performed via an anterior Smith Peterson approach. The most common cause for redislocation was inadequate exposure and failure to release the obstructing soft tissues around the hip. The bony factors for redislocation included failure to perform a femoral shortening and excessive derotation of an anteverted femoral head combined with a Salter osteotomy. Three cases with posterior acetabular wall deficiency needed immobilization of the hip in extension as the hip tended to dislocate in flexion. Six @entity1 had limb length discrepancy ranging from 1 cm to 4 cm and 50% developed @entity2530 . Only 2 @entity1 were asymptomatic and the majority had a limp and limitation of motion. All were @entity158 free except one. In view of the technically demanding surgery and poor results after revision, the surgeon should recognize the pathology and ensure that the primary procedure achieves a stable and concentric reduction.

title: Revision surgery for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity572 :: ('MESH:D006617', 'Disease') :: ['open reduction for developmental dysplasia of the hip', 'DDH']

entities_list: @entity2530 :: ('MESH:D010020', 'Disease') :: ['avascular necrosis']

answer: @entity572 :: (MESH:D006617,Disease) :: ['developmental dysplasia of the hip']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recent studies have shown that many types of soft-tissue @entity242 are characterized by specific chromosomal translocations, which are likely to be of etiologic significance. In order to evaluate their diagnostic impact, a panel of 129 @entity242 comprising 78 @entity2828 ( @entity2828 ), 19 @entity980 ( @entity980 ), 20 @entity521 ( @entity521 ), 9 synovialsarcomas, 2 @entity4236 , and 1 @entity2269 ( @entity2269 ) were analysed for the occurrence of the major recurrent translocations, such as t(11;22)(q24;q12), t(21;22)(q22;q12), t(11;22)(p13;q12), t(2;13)(q35;q14), t(1;13)(p36;q14), and t(X;18)(p11;q11). METHODS: @entity1568 -frozen tissue material was analysed by means of Reverse Transcription followed by PCR (Polymerase-Chain Reaction) and nested PCR (RT-PCR). Specificity of the PCR products obtained was confirmed by non-isotopic Southern-Blot analysis with gene-specific probes and/or automated direct sequence analysis. RESULTS: 75 ETs have been shown to carry either a t(11;22) or t(21;22) translocation by identification of chimeric EWS- @entity21468 or EWS-ERG gene-fusion transcripts respectively. 3 ETs were lacking EWS/ @entity21468 or EWS-ERG fusion products. 2 of these @entity5 were shown on review to have unusual morphological features for ETs. 8/19 @entity980 were initially diagnosed as @entity3943 . These @entity5 were shown to carry either a t(2;13) translocation exhibiting chimeric @entity22284 - @entity4012 fusion transcripts or a t(1;13) translocation with @entity4739 - @entity4012 chimeric gene products. One @entity980 of the embryonal group also carried a t(1;13) translocation. Reevaluation demonstrated a partly alveolar morphology. In 8/9 @entity1352 a t(X;18) translocation was identified. Expression of a EWS-WTI gene-fusion product associated with a t(11;22) translocation was found in the @entity2269 . None of these rearrangements were detected in the NBs and 2 @entity4236 . CONCLUSIONS: Our results support the concept that the major recurrent translocations are histogenetically specific for a subset of @entity242 . Thus, the detection of @entity5 type-specific translocations represents an extremely useful diagnostic modality as an adjunct to surgical pathology.

title: Assessment of molecular genetic detection of chromosome translocations in the differential diagnosis of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2828 :: ('MESH:D012512', 'Disease') :: ['ET', "Ewing's tumors"]

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['Nitrogen']

entities_list: @entity242 :: ('MESH:D012509', 'Disease') :: ['sarcomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumours', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity2269 :: ('MESH:D058405', 'Disease') :: ['DSRCT', 'desmoplastic small-round-cell tumor']

entities_list: @entity1352 :: ('MESH:D013584', 'Disease') :: ['synovial sarcomas']

entities_list: @entity4236 :: ('MESH:D018304', 'Disease') :: ['esthesioneuroblastomas']

entities_list: @entity521 :: ('MESH:D009447', 'Disease') :: ['NB', 'neuroblastomas']

entities_list: @entity980 :: ('MESH:D012208', 'Disease') :: ['RMS', 'rhabdomyosarcomas']

entities_list: @entity3943 :: ('MESH:D018232', 'Disease') :: ['alveolar RMS']

answer: @entity242 :: (MESH:D012509,Disease) :: ['pediatric sarcomas']


abstract: The possibility of converting an easily fatiguable muscle like the gracilis muscle into a fatigue-resistant one using chronic electrostimulation has renewed interest in Pickrell's procedure. Between July 1991 and June 1996, 9 @entity1 (2 M; 7 F) mean age = 45 y (range 14-72) underwent dynamic graciloplasty using Medtronic electrostimulators. Five @entity1 had @entity322 ( @entity154 , 1 neurological, 2 post-operative) and 4 had a perineal colostomy performed either simultaneously (two cases) or at 3 to 4 years after abdominoperineal excision of the rectum. Early post-operative complications included @entity39 [1], perineal colostomy breakdown [1], detachment of the gracilis tendon [2] and @entity2080 in the thigh [1]. Long-term complications included rectocele with @entity3355 in one @entity1 with imperforate anus, @entity850 in one @entity1 who had refashioning of a perineal colostomy, and displacement of the lead from the main nerve in 3 with external expulsion in 2. The @entity1 with @entity850 was successfully treated with anoplasty but subsequently returned to an abdominal colostomy due to stricture recurrence 2 years later. The rectocele was successfully treated using a transvaginal approach. Electrical conversion of the muscle was completed in all @entity1 but long term functional results are available for only 5 cases. Manometry revealed a significant improvement in anal pressure under electro-stimulation and the continence grading scale score significantly improved in 4 @entity1 . The technique is applicable to a very selected group of @entity1 with no other options but is still in the experimental phase and should not be performed outside controlled trials. Repeated hospitalisation and reoperations are often required although the complication rate may diminish and improve with experience.

title: Electrostimulated gracilis neosphincter for XXXX and in total anorectal reconstruction: still an experimental procedure?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['2 congenitally anomaly']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['faecal incontinence']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['distal tendon necrosis']

entities_list: @entity3355 :: ('MESH:D014095', 'Disease') :: ['faecal impaction']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['anal stricture']

answer: @entity322 :: (MESH:D014549,Disease) :: ['faecal incontinence']


abstract: The steady state profiles of 63 @entity1 with traumatic @entity1566 (24 quadriplegics and 39 paraplegics; average age of 31.2 +/- 6.8 yr; 18-44 yr) were studied. The average length of post-traumatic period was 6.2 +/- 5.0 yr, ranging from 8 months to 20 yr. It was found that all the subjects had normal serum @entity1955 , @entity7287 , @entity701 , growth hormone and plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone. Seven cases (11.1%) had low serum @entity1954 and eight cases (12.7%) had low serum @entity251 . On the other hand, 17 cases (27.0%) had @entity4089 ; 9 cases (14.3%) had elevated serum @entity251 level; 6 cases (9.5%) had elevated serum follicle-stimulating hormone; and 4 cases (6.3%) had elevated serum luteinizing hormone. The level of @entity1566 , @entity130 and @entity1 age had no correlation with other serum hormone changes except that quadriplegic subjects had lower serum @entity1954 than the paraplegic, with a mean of 1.42 +/- 0.30 v 1.70 +/- 0.36 nmol/liter (P < 0.005). Of the eight subjects who had low serum @entity251 , none had elevated gonadotropin. There were also eight subjects with elevated follicle-stimulating hormone and/or luteinizing hormone, six of them had normal serum @entity251 and two had elevated serum @entity251 . This suggested their @entity6126 did not result primarily from classic @entity177 . It could be speculated that other testicular paracrine factors and/or alteration of hypothalamus-pituitary-testicular axis are involved in the pathogenesis of @entity6126 . Further studies in this field will provide information regarding male reproductive physiology and may have impact on fertility enhancement options for @entity1 with @entity1566 .

title: Hormone changes in XXXX with @entity1566 .

entities_list: @entity4089 :: ('MESH:D006966', 'Disease') :: ['hyperprolactinemia']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['injury period']

entities_list: @entity1955 :: ('MESH:D013974', 'Chemical') :: ['thyroxine']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['primary gonadal failure']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity7287 :: ('MESH:D013972', 'Chemical') :: ['thyrotropin']

entities_list: @entity6126 :: ('MESH:D007006', 'Disease') :: ['hypogonadism']

entities_list: @entity1566 :: ('MESH:D013119', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord injuries', 'spinal cord injury']

entities_list: @entity1954 :: ('MESH:D014284', 'Chemical') :: ['triiodothyronine']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['men']


abstract: Myelin formation by oligodendrocytes has been shown to be regulated by @entity1919 ( @entity268 ) signaling pathways and to depend on the resting membrane potential (RMP). We therefore examined whether @entity268 regulates the RMP of myelin-forming oligodendrocytes in isolated intact optic nerves of @entity35 . Oligodendrocytes exhibited a significant developmental shift in the RMP from -37 mV at postnatal day (P)6-8 to -67 mV at P21-30. The regulation of RMP was examined further in myelin-forming oligodendrocytes in nerves aged P15-20. Raising intracellular @entity268 with @entity5393 or @entity1928 induced a significant hyperpolarization in myelin-forming oligodendrocytes by 10-15 mV. Inhibition of @entity268 -dependent protein kinase (PKA) with @entity12176 depolarized the oligodendroglial RMP -30 mV, which was only partly reversed by @entity5393 . In contrast, inhibition of @entity268 specific phosphodiesterase with rolipram had no significant effect on the oligodendroglial RMP or the @entity268 -mediated hyperpolarization. Blockade of Kir with 100 microM @entity12947 depolarized the oligodendrocyte RMP to -25 mV and inhibited the hyperpolarizing action of @entity5393 . The RMP was unaffected by agents that modulated @entity855 -sensitive @entity972 channels. The results provide evidence of a predominant role for Kir in setting the oligodendroglial RMP and show that @entity268 regulates the oligodendroglial RMP, at least partly by a PKA-mediated pathway, possibly by modulating the activity of Kir.

title: @entity1919 -mediated regulation of the resting membrane potential in myelin-forming oligodendrocytes in the isolated intact XXXX optic nerve.

entities_list: @entity1919 :: ('MESH:D000242', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclic AMP']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

entities_list: @entity1928 :: ('MESH:D005576', 'Chemical') :: ['forskolin']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity32 in the setting of @entity29 is thought to result in altered epithelial cell growth regulation and ultimately @entity105 . This loss in cell growth regulation may be partially caused by a decrease in circulating intact @entity10246 (IFGB-3) as a result of @entity32 . This study evaluates the effect of IFGB-3 on @entity105 in the setting of @entity1960 . METHODS: A previously described animal model for @entity1960 -induced @entity105 was used. @entity1960 was induced in both wild-type and IFGB-3 transgenic @entity2659 @entity19 with a one-week oral exposure to dextran @entity2397 (2 percent in drinking water). All @entity19 received a single intraperitoneal administration (10 mg/kg body weight) of a genotoxic colonic carcinogen, @entity2985 . At Week 20, the animals were killed and their colons were excised. The colons were examined by a pathologist under blinded conditions. Criteria assessed included the severity of @entity1960 , number of aberrant crypt foci per @entity19 colon, incidence of @entity1586 , and mean size of @entity1586 . RESULTS: A total of 20 @entity19 (10 in each group) were included in the study. The severity of @entity1960 was not significantly different between the two groups (mean @entity1960 score wild-type = 13.2; IFGB-3 transgenic = 11; P = not significant). The average number of aberrant crypt foci per colon was significantly lower in the IFGB-3 @entity19 compared with the wild-type @entity19 (1.5 +/- 1.4 vs. 4.5 +/- 2.7, respectively; P < 0.0001). The number of @entity652 per colon was significantly lower in IFGB-3 transgenic group (1.2 +/- 1.8) compared with the wild-type @entity19 (3.7 +/- 2.7; P = 0.005). In addition the average size of @entity652 was significantly smaller in IFGB-3 @entity19 (1.4 +/- 1.3 mm) compared with the wild-type @entity19 (2.6 +/- 2 mm; P = 0.013). CONCLUSIONS: IFGB-3 significantly reduces the development of @entity694 and precursor lesions in the setting of induced @entity19 @entity1960 . It is possible that the loss of IFGB-3 as a result of @entity32 may be associated with an increased rate of @entity105 in the @entity29 setting. Although further studies are necessary, in theory, inhibiting the depletion of IFGB-3 or replacement of IFGB-3 may serve as a novel treatment strategy to prevent the development of @entity1960 -induced @entity105 .

title: @entity10246 inhibits XXXX -induced @entity105 .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['chronic inflammation', 'Chronic inflammation']

entities_list: @entity10246 :: ('16009(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3']

entities_list: @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mice', 'mouse', 'transgenic mice', 'murine']

entities_list: @entity2985 :: ('MESH:D001397', 'Chemical') :: ['azoxymethane']

entities_list: @entity2397 :: ('MESH:C012036', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium sulfate']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colonic tumors']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel disease']

entities_list: @entity1960 :: ('MESH:D003092', 'Disease') :: ['colitis', 'Colitis']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['adenomas']

entities_list: @entity105 :: ('MESH:D063646', 'Disease') :: ['carcinogenesis']

entities_list: @entity1586 :: ('MESH:D003111', 'Disease') :: ['colonic adenomas']

answer: @entity1960 :: (MESH:D003092,Disease) :: ['colitis']


abstract: Eight @entity1 who relapsed with @entity3052 within a year after allogeneic BMT were treated with @entity1261 -mobilized donor leukocyte infusions (mDLI) to induce GvHD as a form of immunotherapy. Prior to mDLI, 7 who had systemic relapse received one (2 AML, 1 @entity981 , 1 CML myeloid @entity9638 ) or two (2 AML, 1 @entity981 ) rounds of conventional dose induction chemotherapy, and 1 @entity1 with isolated central nervous system (CNS) @entity706 CML received intrathecal chemotherapy followed by craniospinal irradiation. @entity1261 (10 microg/kg/day) was given to original HLA-matched sibling donors for 4-5 days before leukapheresis of at least 6.0 x 10(8) mononuclear cells per kilogram of recipient weight. No GvHD prophylaxis was used when mDLI was given in 6 @entity1 at the nadir of hematologic counts and in 2 who were in hematologic remission. There was no regimen-related mortality, as pancytopenic @entity1 had rapid recovery of neutrophil counts (6-18 days after mDLI). All @entity1 developed moderate to severe GvHD (5 grade III/IV, 3 grade II) at a median of 30 days (range 22-59) after mDLI. Two @entity1 died of complications from refractory GvHD while in remission. The other 6 had short remissions lasting 2.2-9.4 months until leukemic relapse as their GvHD was reversed by corticosteroids with or without @entity205 . @entity1 who relapse with @entity3052 within a year after BMT still have a poor prognosis. The success of GvHD as a form of immunotherapy in these @entity1 may depend on the ability to control it to a state that is both safe and continually exerting an antileukemia effect.

title: @entity1261 -mobilized donor leukocyte infusions as immunotherapy in XXXX relapsing after allogeneic marrow transplantation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoid blast crisis']

entities_list: @entity9638 :: ('MESH:D001752', 'Disease') :: ['blast crisis']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute leukemia']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporine']

answer: @entity3052 :: (MESH:D015470,Disease) :: ['acute leukemia']


abstract: Enhancement of @entity8771 receptor function with @entity1245 (BZ) site agonists can disrupt memory formation and hippocampal synaptic plasticity. To investigate this further the effects of the agonist, @entity12029 , were contrasted with that of the inverse agonist, @entity25528 ( @entity25528 ), on @entity143 -dependent LTP induction in the @entity4778 region of @entity19 hippocampus. Under control conditions, a priming stimulus (10 stimuli at 100 Hz) potentiated e.p.s.p. slopes by 198%, and subsequent burst stimuli (4 x 10 events at 100 Hz every 20 sec) by 306%. This potentiation was blocked by the non-competitive @entity143 receptor antagonist @entity3390 and the @entity2228 site antagonist L-701,324. @entity12029 (1 microM) alone caused a slight but significant reduction in e.p.s.p.s to 83% of control, suppressed LTP induced by priming stimuli (133%) and burst stimuli (188%), but not that induced by sustained high-frequency stimulation (2 x 100 events at 100 Hz, 20 sec apart). The suppression of LTP induction by @entity12029 was blocked by the @entity1245 site antagonist @entity5757 . In contrast, the inverse agonist @entity25528 (100 nM) potentiated LTP formed by both priming (to 283%) and burst stimuli (to 477%). This was associated with an enhancement of paired pulse facilitation during the induction phase and the subsequent appearance of paroxysmal burst discharges. Therefore, in addition to improvements in learning and memory as a result of improved vigilance, @entity1245 inverse agonists can have direct effects on synaptic processes thought to contribute to memory formation.

title: Modulation of long-term potentiation in @entity4778 region of @entity19 hippocampal brain slices by XXXX receptor @entity1245 site ligands.

entities_list: @entity12029 :: ('MESH:D005445', 'Chemical') :: ['Flunitrazepam', 'flunitrazepam']

entities_list: @entity2228 :: ('CHEBI:57305', 'Chemical') :: ['glycine']

entities_list: @entity25528 :: ('MESH:C034818', 'Chemical') :: ['DMCM', 'methyl-6,7-dimethoxy-4-ethyl-beta-carboline-3-carboxylate']

entities_list: @entity1245 :: ('MESH:D001569', 'Chemical') :: ['benzodiazepine']

entities_list: @entity5757 :: ('MESH:D005442', 'Chemical') :: ['flumazenil']

answer: @entity8771 :: (14405(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['GABAA']


abstract: We sought to compare the outcomes of teaching and community hospitals on long-term outcomes for @entity1 with @entity5 . All @entity420 treated in Florida from 1994 to 2000 were examined. Overall, 5,925 operative cases were identified. Teaching hospitals treated 12.5% of @entity1 with a larger proportion of regionally advanced, metastatic disease, as well as high-grade @entity5 . Five- and 10-year overall survival rates at teaching hospitals were 64.8 and 53.9%, compared to 59.1 and 50.5% at community hospitals (P = 0.002). The greatest impact on survival was observed for the highest stage @entity5 : @entity1 with metastatic @entity420 experienced 5- and 10-year survival rates of 30.5 and 26.6% at teaching hospitals compared to 19.6 and 17.4% at community hospitals (P = 0.009). Multimodality therapy was most frequently administered in teaching hospitals as was low anterior resection. On multivariate analysis, treatment at a teaching hospital was a significant independent predictor of improved survival (hazard ratio = 0.834, P = 0.005). @entity5 @entity1 treated at teaching hospitals have significantly better survival than those treated at community-based hospitals. @entity1 with high-grade @entity5 or advanced disease should be provided the opportunity to be treated at a teaching hospital.

title: Surgery for XXXX performed at teaching hospitals improves survival and preserves continence.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['rectal adenocarcinomas', 'rectal adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Rectal cancer', 'rectal cancer', 'tumors']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['rectal cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aetiological and clinical associations of collapsing focal segmental @entity631 (cFSGS) following kidney transplantation (KTx) are poorly described. In this study, post-transplant cFSGS and non-collapsing FSGS (ncFSGS) were compared in recent KTx recipients. Evidence for intragraft @entity1800 was sought. METHODS: Twenty-nine cases of post-KTx FSGS were identified and classified as cFSGS (n = 10) or ncFSGS (n = 19). Biopsies were scored using Banff '97 criteria and subjected to in situ hybridization (ISH) for @entity8344 (pvB19), @entity2235 (SV40) and @entity8999 ). RESULTS: cFSGS and ncFSGS @entity1 were comparable for age, gender, weight, delayed function, human leucocyte antigen (HLA) matching, acute rejection and median time to diagnosis. Deceased donor source was more common among cFSGS cases (70 vs 32%, P = 0.05). FSGS was recurrent in 2/10 cFSGS cases compared with 8/19 ncFSGS (P = NS). cFSGS was associated with more @entity644 (11.9 vs 7.2 g/day, P = 0.05) and higher serum @entity1011 (4.2 vs 1.9 mg/dl, P = 0.0001) at diagnosis. Plasmapheresis was used in two out of 10 cFSGS and seven out of 19 ncFSGS cases with treatment response in 0 of two and three of seven, respectively. @entity393 was more rapid with cFSGS compared with ncFSGS (P = 0.02). Histologically, cFSGS was associated with more severe chronic @entity455 . All biopsies were negative for pvB19, SV40 and @entity8999 by ISH. CONCLUSIONS: cFSGS following KTx presents with higher @entity644 , diminished renal function, more severe @entity455 and higher rate of graft loss compared with the non-collapsing form. There was no evidence for infection by pvB19 or polyomaviruses.

title: Collapsing and non-collapsing focal segmental XXXX in kidney transplants.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular disease', 'vascular abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity1800 :: ('MESH:D014777', 'Disease') :: ['viral infection']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['Graft loss']

entities_list: @entity631 :: ('MESH:D005921', 'Disease') :: ['glomerulosclerosis']

answer: @entity631 :: (MESH:D005921,Disease) :: ['glomerulosclerosis']


abstract: Objective. Follow-up of 80 @entity1 using multiple program @entity602 ( @entity602 ). Methods. For 30 months, we followed 80 @entity1118 @entity1 who had undergone @entity602 implantations at our center. Thirty-six @entity1 had @entity11252 ( @entity11252 ). @entity1 were evaluated in @entity1 -controlled stimulation mode ( @entity1 can select one of several specific programs in response to their activities and @entity158 level). We collected visual analog @entity158 scores, @entity1 satisfaction scores, @entity158 maps, and paresthesia maps. Results. We previously reported our preliminary findings (Neuromodulation 1998;1 :30-45). At 24 months all @entity1 were using more than one program. At 30 months, 62 @entity1 (76%) were using more than two programs as their preferred stimulation mode and three @entity1 (4%) were satisfied with only one stimulation program. At 30 months all @entity1 chose @entity1 -controlled stimulation as their preferred mode of stimulation. A total of 18 @entity1 (23%) were explanted. Mean @entity158 scores declined from 8.2 at baseline to 4.8 (p < 0.05, n= 79). Paresthesia overlap was 91% (n= 79). Of the @entity1 with @entity11252 , 81% reported that they were using their @entity602 daily. Conclusions. In @entity602 the use of multiple electrodes and multiple stimulation programs, together with advanced programmability, increases paresthesia overlap, reduces @entity158 scores, and may improve @entity1 satisfaction with @entity602 therapy. This study indicates a significant @entity1 preference for multiple program @entity602 , if @entity1 are given the option to choose between a single program @entity602 system or a multiple program @entity602 system.

title: Multiple Program Spinal Cord Stimulation in the Treatment of @entity1118 : Follow-Up of Multiple Program XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity602 :: ('MESH:D013118', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord stimulation', 'SCS']

entities_list: @entity11252 :: ('MESH:D055111', 'Disease') :: ['FBSS', 'Failed Back Surgery Syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain']

answer: @entity602 :: (MESH:D013118,Disease) :: ['SCS']


abstract: Recently, a family of novel, @entity563 / @entity1889 protein kinases has been identified. One of these transcriptionally inducible, immediate-early genes encodes serum/glucocorticoid inducible-protein kinase, @entity14357 . By in situ hybridization, we show that @entity14357 expression in the @entity35 ovary is selectively localized to granulosa cells. In culture, FSH or @entity1928 , activators of the @entity12175 ( @entity12175 ) pathway, rapidly (2 h) and transiently increased @entity14357 mRNA levels in undifferentiated granulosa cells. @entity14357 mRNA exhibited a biphasic expression pattern, with maximal levels observed at 48 h of FSH/ @entity1928 as granulosa cells differentiate to the preovulatory phenotype. Deletion analyses using @entity14357 promoter-reporter constructs (-4.0 kb to -35 bp) identified a region between -63 and -43 bp that mediated FSH and @entity1928 -responsive transcription in undifferentiated and differentiated granulosa cells. This @entity9063 -rich region 1) conferred both basal and inducible transcription to the minimal -35 @entity14357 promoter @entity2755 acetyltransferase reporter construct, 2) specifically bound @entity10564 and @entity41023 present in granulosa cell extracts, and 3) bound recombinant @entity10564 . Mutation of 2 bp in this region not only prevented @entity10564 and @entity41023 binding, but also abolished the @entity12175 -mediated transactivation observed when using the wild type construct. @entity10564 and @entity41023 DNA-binding activity and protein levels did not change significantly during @entity14357 induction. Collectively, these data indicate that @entity10564 / @entity41023 transactivation of the @entity14357 promoter likely involves regulated, phosphorylation-dependent interaction with other factors. Thus the novel, biphasic induction of @entity14357 that correlates with granulosa cell progression from proliferation to differentiation appears to involve sequential, coordinated actions of FSH, @entity12175 , and transcription factors, including @entity10564 and @entity41023 .

title: Follicle stimulating hormone-regulated expression of serum/glucocorticoid-inducible kinase in XXXX ovarian granulosa cells: a functional role for the @entity10564 family in promoter activity.

entities_list: @entity9063 :: ('c|SUB|G||C', 'DNAMutation') :: ['G/C']

entities_list: @entity563 :: ('CHEBI:17822', 'Chemical') :: ['serine']

entities_list: @entity1889 :: ('CHEBI:26986', 'Chemical') :: ['threonine']

entities_list: @entity2755 :: ('MESH:D002701', 'Chemical') :: ['chloramphenicol']

entities_list: @entity1928 :: ('MESH:D005576', 'Chemical') :: ['forskolin']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity56 are more prevalent in affluent countries, which has been attributed to life-style factors. Life-style habits may also differ between socioeconomic (SES) classes. The objective of this paper therefore was to evaluate if SES had an impact on the development of @entity74 . METHODS: A total of 1314 German @entity1 were followed-up in an observational birth cohort study to 6 years of age. Parents filled in questionnaires, and had multi-allergen screening tests for sensitization. Indoor allergen concentrations were determined by ELISA. @entity1 were examined regularly up to 6 years, specific serum IgE values were determined by CAP-Rast-Feia. RESULTS: The risk of aeroallergen sensitization (odds ratio 1.76; 95% CI 1.30-2.37), and the lifetime prevalence of hay @entity221 (2.36; 1.76-3.17), and @entity565 (1.74; 1.08-2.80), but not of @entity483 ( @entity195 : 0.90; 0. 54-1.51) was elevated in parents of high compared to low SES. With high SES the risk of smoking in pregnancy (0.35; 0.23-0.51), in the home (0.31; 0.21-0.46), pet ownership (0.37; 0.26-0.55), high mite (0.42; 0.25-0.74), and high cat (0.38; 0.18-0.82) allergen concentration in house dust was reduced, but elevated for breastfeeding over more than 6 months (4.67; 2.9-7.48). In @entity1 , even after controlling for other risk factors, only the risk of @entity195 from 3 to 6 years (2.42; 1.42-4.14) was elevated in families with high SES, but not of @entity195 in infancy or of any other @entity74 . CONCLUSIONS: While parents of high SES have a higher prevalence of @entity566 , their favourable life-style prevents the development of @entity74 in their @entity1 , except for @entity195 beyond infancy.

title: Socioeconomic status is a risk factor for XXXX in parents but not in their @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity483 :: ('MESH:D003876', 'Disease') :: ['atopic dermatitis']

entities_list: @entity566 :: ('MESH:D006967', 'Disease') :: ['inhalative allergies']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['Allergic diseases']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['atopic disorder', 'atopic disorders']

answer: @entity566 :: (MESH:D006967,Disease) :: ['allergy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Despite the epidemiological importance and the surveillance programs to detect cervix @entity5 in Chile, its mortality continues to be high. AIM: To perform an audit of all deaths due to cervix @entity5 , that occurred in a health service of Santiago during 1995. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The clinical records and pathological studies of 46 @entity1 , whose @entity204 certificates indicated cervix @entity5 as the cause of @entity204 , were audited. RESULTS: In six @entity1 , the audit revealed that the cause of @entity204 was not a cervix @entity5 , and they were discarded from further analyses. The higher mortality rate (36/100,000) occurred in @entity1 over 64 years old, those living in the poorest community and with less Papanicolaou vaginal smears coverage (La Pintana). The evolution prior to diagnosis was registered in only four @entity1 and was of less than one year. Most @entity1 consulted in advanced stages of the disease and only 48% were subjected to some sort of treatment (surgery, radiotherapy or chemotherapy). Mean survival was 3 years and mean age at @entity204 was 55.5 years old. There was a great lack of clinical and epidemiological information. In only 13 @entity1 information about previous @entity975 smears was registered. CONCLUSIONS: Audit of deaths should be an important component of preventive programs for cervix @entity5 , and the coverage of @entity975 smears should be improved.

title: [Audit of deaths due to XXXX in a health service of Santiago. A preliminary analysis].

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['uterine cancer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cervical cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The impact of @entity2449 medication in pregnant @entity1 with @entity3610 on @entity1017 during pregnancy and after delivery and the impact on growth of the offspring are essentially unexplored. METHODS: This is a follow-up study of a randomized controlled trial (The @entity2449 treatment in pregnant @entity3610 @entity1 study), conducted in 11 secondary care centers. @entity1 with @entity3610 were randomized to @entity2449 (2000 mg daily) or placebo from first trimester to delivery. Questionnaires were sent to 256 @entity1 1 year postpartum. Maternal weight development in pregnancy and the first year after delivery and offspring anthropometry at birth and weight 1 year postpartum were registered. RESULTS: @entity1 randomized to @entity2449 gained less weight during pregnancy compared with those in the placebo group. In the newborns, there was no difference between the 2 groups in weight or length. One year postpartum, @entity1 who used @entity2449 in pregnancy lost less weight and their @entity1 were heavier than those in the placebo group (10.2    1.2 kg vs 9.7    1.1 kg, P = .003). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 randomized to @entity2449 were heavier in the first trimester, gained less weight in pregnancy, and lost less weight in the first year postpartum compared with @entity1 randomized to placebo. @entity1 exposed to @entity2449 weighed more at 1 year of age.

title: @entity2449 's effect on first-year XXXX : a follow-up study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'Children', 'Women', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity3610 :: ('MESH:D011085', 'Disease') :: ['polycystic ovary syndrome', 'PCOS']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['weight gain']

entities_list: @entity2449 :: ('MESH:D008687', 'Chemical') :: ['Metformin', 'metformin']

answer: @entity1017 :: (MESH:D015430,Disease) :: ['weight gain']


abstract: During the 1960's and 1970's the Chinese government encouraged the 'rural cooperative medical systems' ( @entity262 ), in order to ensure access to basic health care among the rural population. There was a break in the development of the @entity262 in the early 1980's, as a consequence of market economic reforms. These reforms involved a shift from a communal to a household production system. As a result the collective way of financing rural health care was more or less abandoned. However, the government of the @entity1 's Republic of China was aware of the need to provide social protection against health care expenses. In March 1994 the government initiated a project to reestablish the @entity262 . This project was implemented on a pilot basis in 14 counties of seven provinces. The reestablishment of the @entity262 would be guided by the basic principles of health insurance. In October 1995, a first mid-term evaluation of the @entity262 Project was held. One of the major research questions concerned the extent to which the @entity262 had reduced the risk of paying health care bills that would otherwise be a burden on families. This article addresses this question and assesses the results obtained after two years of @entity262 experimental work. A general finding is that the population structure by occupation and income varies, and that the @entity262 has adapted itself to this variety. It is also confirmed that the burden of health care costs on families was reduced, more so in some counties than in others, but this reduction has been modest. The research results indicate that there is ample room for improvement. The outlook is hopeful, however. At the national level, there is now systematic thinking about @entity262 . The current @entity262 work is also having a considerable influence on other counties that are keen to reestablish the @entity262 .

title: The reform of the rural cooperative medical system in the XXXX 's Republic of China: interim experience in 14 pilot counties.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['People']


abstract: RATIONALE: @entity1776 are rare entities with manifestations in nearly all organ systems. Appearance in salivary glands is observed in singular cases. CASE REPORT: We report a 54 years old female @entity1 with a @entity5 lesion. Using a submandibular approach the @entity5 was totally removed with the submandibular gland. Histologically a @entity1776 was diagnosed. The immunohistological examination revealed positive for S-100 antigen and @entity2277 , negative for @entity6826 antigen. The clinical follow-up for about 3 years was without complications or @entity5 recidive. CONCLUSIONS: A differential diagnosis of a submandibular mass is the rare manifestation of a @entity1776 . The neurogen origin can be proven immunohistologically by positive S-100 antigen detection. The complete surgical resection is the therapy of choice.

title: [Granular cell XXXX -- a rare @entity5 lesion of submandibular gland origin].

entities_list: @entity1776 :: ('MESH:D016586', 'Disease') :: ['Granular cell tumors', 'benign granular cell tumor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'painless submandibular tumor']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumor']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of @entity7988 patch in the treatment of @entity924 . METHODS: A multicenter, 14 day, randomized, double blind placebo controlled trial of a once-a-day @entity7988 100 mg patch in symptomatic @entity924 of recent onset, not requiring orthopedic or surgical treatment. @entity158 on daily activities scored on a 100 mm visual analog scale was the primary efficacy criterion. Other criteria were spontaneous @entity158 at rest, @entity158 on full passive motion, @entity158 relief, and @entity158 intensity assessed twice daily by the @entity1 (calculation of total @entity158 relief and summed time-weighted @entity158 intensity difference). Statistical analysis was performed on the differences between the 2 groups in the intention-to-treat population. RESULTS: One hundred seventy-two @entity1 were included. Good compliance was obtained in 98% of @entity1 . Twenty-six @entity1 (15%) discontinued the study mainly because of adverse events, inefficacy, or cure. @entity158 after one week of treatment (primary criterion) was -38.4 +/- 25.6 mm (56%) and -25.8 +/- 24.5 mm (37%) in the @entity7988 and placebo groups, respectively (p = 0.0013). The differences of the secondary criteria during the trial between the 2 groups were significant more often than not. Tolerance was considered satisfactory in both groups, most adverse events reported being local reactions: 47 versus 44 were possibly or probably related to treatment in the @entity7988 and placebo groups, respectively. These local skin reactions resolved spontaneously and rarely led to premature termination of treatment. CONCLUSION: This trial suggested that a 3-14 day course of treatment by @entity7988 patch is useful in nonarticular @entity627 , the duration of treatment depending on the results obtained. The safety profile revealed no unexpected adverse events.

title: Topical @entity7988 patch in the treatment of XXXX : a randomized, double blind, placebo controlled study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity7988 :: ('MESH:D007660', 'Chemical') :: ['ketoprofen']

entities_list: @entity627 :: ('MESH:D012216', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatisms']

entities_list: @entity924 :: ('MESH:D052256', 'Disease') :: ['tendinitis']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['Pain', 'Decrease in pain', 'pain']

answer: @entity924 :: (MESH:D052256,Disease) :: ['tendinitis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Young @entity1 may develop @entity8 following a @entity293 ( @entity293 ) especially after @entity2885 which is difficult to diagnose. @entity8 are diagnosed by @entity9409 ( @entity9409 ) scan several months later. To decrease unnecessary exposure to radiation, we investigate the role of renal power Doppler (RPD) in predicting those who may not require a late @entity9409 scan. METHODS: @entity1 under four years of age with a first @entity293 underwent an RPD study soon after diagnosis, and a @entity9409 scintigraphy six months later. The predictive values of the early RPD to detect @entity9409 @entity8 were calculated. RESULTS: Twenty three @entity1 (median age 30 months) were enrolled: 13 had a febrile presentation, two with @entity582 . Permanent @entity2318 occurred in three @entity1 (13%). In the 46 kidney units studied, initial RPD was abnormal in two and late @entity9409 abnormal in three units. Overall concordance between RPD and @entity9409 was 93.5%. The sensitivity of RPD for renal scar as per @entity9409 was 33.3%, specificity 97.7%; positive predictive value 50% and a negative predictive value of 95.4%. CONCLUSIONS: RPD offered no advantage over ultrasound to predict @entity8 and cannot be recommended to predict @entity8 following @entity293 .

title: Renal power Doppler ultrasound does not predict XXXX after @entity293 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['Permanent renal scars', 'renal scarring']

entities_list: @entity9409 :: ('MESH:D004113', 'Chemical') :: ['DMSA', 'dimercapto-succinic acid']

entities_list: @entity582 :: ('MESH:C531821', 'Disease') :: ['bacteraemia']

entities_list: @entity2885 :: ('MESH:D011704', 'Disease') :: ['pyelonephritis']

entities_list: @entity293 :: ('MESH:D014552', 'Disease') :: ['urinary tract infection', 'UTI']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['renal scarring']


abstract: Early preneoplastic cells (sup+) exhibit increased susceptibility to apoptosis, which is lost in late stage preneoplastic cells (sup-). Sup+ cells, which undergo apoptosis when cultured in low serum, show little or no DNA binding activity to nuclear factor (NF)-kappa B either in 10% or 0.2% serum. In contrast sup- cells, which are resistant to apoptosis in low serum, show a sustained constitutive activation of @entity2451 . The constitutive activation of @entity2451 observed in sup- cells is not due to loss of @entity4284 . We considered that the activation of @entity2451 in sup- cells might be secondary to an increase in cytosolic @entity141 , since sup- cells have a cytosolic @entity141 level that is double that in sup+ cells. In support of a role for @entity141 , lowering cytosolic @entity141 in sup- cells by addition of the cell-permeable @entity141 chelator @entity11008 ( @entity11008 ) reduced cytosolic @entity141 by approximately 31% relative to untreated sup- cells, concomitant with a 65% reduction in @entity2451 DNA binding activity and a reduction in I kappa B kinase (IKK) activity. In sup- cells in low serum, addition of @entity11008 also resulted in a significant ( approximately 50%) increase in @entity522 activity. Raising extracellular @entity141 in sup+ cells resulted in a slight activation of I kappa B kinase and in enhanced @entity2451 DNA binding activity. Using proteasome and calpain inhibitors, we determined that the basal activity of @entity2451 in sup- cells is largely proteasome-independent, but sensitive to calpain inhibitors. Taken together these data suggest that the elevated @entity141 in sup- cells causes a modest activation of IKK, which likely contributes to the enhanced basal activation of @entity2451 in sup- cells; however, the predominant effect of @entity141 appears to be mediated by @entity141 -enhanced degradation by calpain.

title: Elevated calcium in preneoplastic cells activates XXXX and confers resistance to apoptosis.

entities_list: @entity11008 :: ('MESH:C070379', 'Chemical') :: ["1,2 bis(O-aminophenoxy)ethane-N, N, N', N'-tetraacetic acid-acetoxymethyl ester", 'BAPTA-AM']

answer: @entity2451 :: (4790,Gene) :: ['NF-kappa B']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To review the procedure-related complication rates following fetal blood sampling and intrauterine red cell transfusion for anaemic fetuses at a single tertiary center. DESIGN: A retrospective study of 114 intrauterine transfusions. SETTING: A single tertiary referral fetal medicine center at Queen Charlotte's and Chelsea Hospital, Imperial College London, London, UK. SAMPLE: All cases (114) undergoing fetal blood sampling and intrauterine transfusion between January 2003 and May 2010. METHODS: Early procedure-related complications (severe fetal @entity1168 requiring either abandonment of the procedure or emergency delivery, @entity5617 , @entity3152 or @entity397 of membranes) were investigated by review of computerized records and individual chart review. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Live birth rate, perinatal mortality, procedure-related fetal @entity1168 , @entity3152 and procedure-related spontaneous @entity397 of membranes. RESULTS: The majority of cases (77.8%) were due to red cell alloimmunization, with anti-D being the commonest cause. The live birth rate was 93.5%, with a procedure-related @entity5617 rate of 0.9%. The @entity3152 rate (<37 weeks' gestation) was 3.5% only occurring in @entity1 undergoing multiple (>3) fetal transfusions. Complications in this series did not appear to be increased the earlier the gestation at which the first transfusion took place. CONCLUSIONS: Despite a reduction in the number of cases requiring intrauterine therapy for @entity417 , contemporary outcomes appear to be good if not improving. It is important that the experience required to manage these cases should be concentrated in fewer centers to maximize good perinatal outcome.

title: Early procedure-related complications of fetal blood sampling and intrauterine transfusion for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3152 :: ('MESH:D007752', 'Disease') :: ['preterm labor']

entities_list: @entity417 :: ('MESH:D000740', 'Disease') :: ['fetal anemia']

entities_list: @entity5617 :: ('MESH:D005313', 'Disease') :: ['fetal death']

entities_list: @entity1168 :: ('MESH:D001919', 'Disease') :: ['bradycardia']

answer: @entity417 :: (MESH:D000740,Disease) :: ['fetal anemia']


abstract: PURPOSE: To explore the time and pattern of recurrence of proximal @entity356 and estimate the risk factors and prognostic factors for it. Considering these risk factors, postoperative adjuvant therapies and follow-up program can be individualized. METHODS: The data of 135 recurrence proximal @entity356 @entity1 were extracted and analyzed. RESULTS: In 135 recurrence @entity1 , the median time to recurrence was 14.0 months, 116 (85.9%) @entity1 had recurrences within 2 years. Loco-regional recurrence was the most prevalent pattern. Hematogenous @entity3 was next prevalent pattern in which the liver was the most common organ. Peritoneal recurrence occurred in 32 @entity1 . Five @entity1 recurred in distant lymph nodes. The @entity3 was associated with higher incidence of hematogenous metastases and peritoneal recurrence. The histological type, depth of invasion, and lymph node @entity3 were independent risk factors for overall recurrence. While, negative lymph nodes counts were another independent risk factors for early recurrence. @entity1 with systemic recurrence and early recurrence @entity1 had poorer prognosis. CONCLUSION: Total gastrectomy and adequate lymph nodes dissection were rational choice of proximal @entity356 with @entity3 . Pathologic predictors of invasion, histological type, lymph nodes @entity3 and negative lymph node counts could guide individualized, risk-oriented adjuvant treatment, and follow-up plan.

title: The pattern and risk factors of recurrence of proximal XXXX after curative resection.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'deeper invasion']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['gastric cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Dyspnea on exertion and peripheral @entity4 occur routinely during normal gestational stage, making early diagnosis of @entity712 ( @entity712 ) during pregnancy difficult. Abnormal left ventricular (LV) diastolic function may be associated with @entity1353 on exertion and peripheral @entity4 , and @entity3876 ( @entity3876 ) correlates with @entity1284 in nonpregnant populations. We tested the hypothesis that abnormal echocardiographic diastolic parameters and elevated @entity3876 correlate in symptomatic pregnant @entity1 . METHODS: Sixty-six gravidas presented to an Obstetric Cardiology Clinic were analyzed. Data including symptoms of @entity712 , @entity3876 , and maternal and gestational ages were recorded. Echocardiograms were reviewed to measure the diastolic parameters E, A, e', and a' wave velocities and left atrial volume index (LAVI). Logistic regression was performed to characterize the relationship between diastolic parameters and @entity3876 . RESULTS: Among the 66 pregnant @entity1 included in the analysis, only 6 were found to have significant LV @entity299 . LAVI, E, and E/e' ratio correlated positively with @entity3876 in this symptomatic population (p = 0.008, 0.007, and 0.002, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Abnormal diastolic parameters that represent increased LV filling pressures correlated with higher @entity3876 levels in pregnant @entity1 with symptoms of @entity712 . This suggests that symptoms may be due to @entity67 , and @entity3876 levels may identify elevated LV filling pressures in symptomatic pregnant @entity1 .

title: Diastolic function in pregnant @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure', 'CHF']

entities_list: @entity3876 :: ('4879', 'Gene') :: ['BNP', 'brain natriuretic peptide']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['systolic dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['diastolic dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1284 :: ('MESH:D019190', 'Disease') :: ['volume overload']

answer: @entity299 :: (MESH:D006331,Disease) :: ['cardiac symptoms']


abstract: PURPOSE: Depression and reduced exercise capacity are risk factors for poor prognosis in @entity1 with @entity299 , but the relationship between the 2 is unclear. We assessed the relationship between @entity308 symptoms and exercise capacity in @entity1 with @entity299 . METHODS: PubMed, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, and ProQuest databases were browsed for English-language studies published from January 2000 to September 2013. Studies including adult @entity1 with @entity453 , @entity712 , @entity299 , and implantable cardioverter defibrillator, reporting correlation between a @entity308 scale and exercise capacity (VO2peak, peak watts, estimated metabolic equivalents, and incremental shuttle walk test distance), as well as studies from which such a correlation could be calculated and provided by the authors, were included. Correlation coefficients (CCs) were converted to Fischer z values, and the analysis was performed using a random-effects model. Then, summary effects and 95% CIs were converted back to CCs. RESULTS: Fifty-nine studies (25 733 @entity1 ) were included. @entity308 were inversely correlated to exercise capacity (CC = -0.15; 95% CI, -0.17 to -0.12). Heterogeneity was significant (I = 64%; P < .001). There was no evidence of publication bias (Fail-safe N = 4681; Egger test: P = .06; Kendall test: P = .29). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with @entity299 and @entity308 may tend to have reduced exercise capacity, and vice versa. This finding has clinical and prognostic implications. It also encourages research on the effects of improving @entity308 on exercise capacity, and vice versa. The effects of potential moderators need to be explored.

title: Association Between Depressive Symptoms and Exercise Capacity in XXXX With @entity299 : A META-ANALYSIS.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression', 'elevated depressive symptoms', 'depressive', 'Depressive symptoms']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart disease', 'congenital heart disease']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Few data are available on the clinical outcome of @entity1 with @entity1187 ( @entity1187 ) complicated by refractory @entity1455 or @entity1167 who receive percutaneous extracorporeal life support (ECLS). We investigated the in-hospital outcome and predictors of mortality in these @entity1 . METHODS: The investigation was a single-center, retrospective cohort study of 98 @entity1187 @entity1 who received ECLS to reverse hemodynamic collapse refractory to conventional treatment. RESULTS: Circulatory status before ECLS introduction was @entity1455 in 34, @entity2224 or pulseless @entity1165 in 23, and @entity1167 or pulseless electrical activity in 41. Ninety-four @entity1 (95.9%) underwent emergency revascularization, including 92 who received percutaneous coronary intervention and 2 who received isolated coronary artery bypass grafting. Successful angioplasty was achieved in 65 of 92 @entity1 (70.7%). Fifty-four @entity1 (55.1%) were weaned from ECLS, and ECLS-related complications occurred in 35 (35.7%). All-cause in-hospital mortality rate was 67.3%, and the survival rate to hospital discharge was 32.7%. Multivariate analysis revealed that independent predictors of in-hospital mortality were unsuccessful angioplasty, @entity1167 or pulseless electrical activity before ECLS introduction, and ECLS-related complications. CONCLUSIONS: Despite hemodynamic support with ECLS, @entity1 with @entity1187 complicated by @entity1455 or @entity1167 refractory to conventional treatment had high mortality. However, the higher than 30% in-hospital survival rate in this extremely critical population indicates that ECLS might improve outcomes in @entity1187 by saving the lives of @entity1 in this specialized category. Unsuccessful angioplasty, @entity1167 or pulseless electrical activity before ECLS introduction, and ECLS-related complications were predictors of in-hospital mortality.

title: Extracorporeal life support for @entity1455 or XXXX due to @entity1187 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['ACS', 'acute coronary syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity2224 :: ('MESH:D014693', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrest', 'asystole']

entities_list: @entity1455 :: ('MESH:D012770', 'Disease') :: ['cardiogenic shock']

answer: @entity1167 :: (MESH:D006323,Disease) :: ['cardiac arrest']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Neonatal @entity1498 presenting with @entity177 is a life threatening condition. OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to investigate whether @entity384 improved the prognosis of neonates with @entity1498 who present with @entity177 . METHODS: We studied all neonates referred over a period of 6 years with @entity1498 and @entity1002 , with or without @entity177 . During the first half of the period, from January, 2001 to December, 2003, @entity1 were treated surgically after regression of the @entity177 . During the second half, from January, 2004, to January, 2007, @entity1 not responding to medical management were referred for @entity384 of the coarcted segment. RESULTS: Among 113 and 181 neonates, respectively, treated during the 2 periods, 40 and 36 had @entity1002 (p less than 0.01), and 11 and 23 had @entity177 (p less than 0.01). Prior to 2004, 6 @entity204 occurred before surgery. After 2004, 3 out of 14 @entity1 (21%) treated by balloon angioplasty died in consequence of the procedure.During the period of the study, the global mortality of @entity1 with @entity1002 diminished from 17.5 to 13.8%, this difference not being statistically significant. Mortality due to @entity177 , however, diminished from 54 to 13% (p less than 0.01). @entity177 was reversed under medical treatment in 45% of @entity1 , but in 87% under the regime of medical combined with interventional treatment (p less than 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first series of neonates with @entity1498 and @entity177 receiving a palliative treatment by @entity384 . Although the prognosis of this condition remains severe, @entity384 can diminish mortality, providing a bridge to surgery in severely ill @entity1 .

title: Percutaneous treatment of neonatal @entity1498 presenting with severe XXXX as a bridge to surgery.

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['emergency balloon dilation', 'balloon dilation']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['multiorgan failure', 'Multiorgan failure']

entities_list: @entity1498 :: ('MESH:D001017', 'Disease') :: ['aortic coarctation']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular dysfunction']

answer: @entity1002 :: (MESH:D018487,Disease) :: ['left ventricular dysfunction']


abstract: PURPOSE: Several case reports have described @entity1606 of the urinary tract but to our knowledge only 1 epidemiological study specifically addressed the issue of @entity150 . We evaluated the extent of @entity1606 among the population of Iceland. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The first to third degree relatives of 190 @entity1 with bladder, ureter or @entity1358 diagnosed between 1983 and 1992 in Iceland were identified through the Icelandic Cancer Family Resource. The records of these 12,328 relatives were subsequently linked to the 1965 to 1994 @entity5 registry. The observed occurrence of transitional cell @entity3484 was compared to the expected occurrence based on age, gender and calendar specific incidence rates. Observed-to-expected ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. RESULTS: In 41 of the 190 pedigrees at least 1 relative had transitional cell @entity3484 . Of the probands 38 had only 1 and 3 had 2 affected relatives. The prevalence of family history of transitional cell @entity189 was 3% in first degree and 10% in first or second degree relatives. The risk of transitional cell @entity189 among all relatives was slightly elevated (observed-to-expected ratio 1.24, 95% confidence interval 0.90 to 1.67). The observed-to-expected ratio was greater among second and third degree relatives than among first degree relatives. CONCLUSIONS: The risk of transitional cell @entity189 among relatives of @entity1 is somewhat increased. However, the greater risk for more distant relatives argues against the existence of a hereditary subtype of @entity150 , at least in the founder population of Iceland.

title: XXXX among the population of Iceland.

entities_list: @entity3484 :: ('MESH:D014571', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma of the urinary tract']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['renal pelvis transitional cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder transitional cell carcinoma', 'familial bladder cancer']

entities_list: @entity1606 :: ('MESH:D002295', 'Disease') :: ['familial aggregation of transitional cell carcinoma']

answer: @entity1606 :: (MESH:D002295,Disease) :: ['Familial transitional cell carcinoma']


abstract: Transport of @entity10546 by @entity35 thymocytes occurs by facilitated diffusion and follows a biphasic time course. The half-times of the two phases of uptake are 0.8 min and 20 to 30 min; the rapid phase contributes 10 to 20% of the total @entity10546 taken up at equilibrium. Cells incubated under anaerobic conditions for 1 hour undergo a 3- to 4-fold increase in the initial rate of @entity10546 uptake. The relative contribution of the rapid phase of uptake increases nearly 4-fold in anaerobically incubated cells, although the half-time of the rapid phase remains the same. Anaerobiosis also reduces the half-time of the slow phase of uptake by a factor of three. In the absence of exogenous @entity413 , anaerobiosis reduces cellular @entity855 by 97% after 1 hour at 37 degrees. However, full stimulation of transport activity does not occur in cells with such low levels of @entity855 . When anaerobically incubated cells are re-exposed to @entity26 , @entity855 synthesis proceeds and transport activity increases by 100% within 5 to 10 min. Adding 1 mM @entity3212 at the time the anaerobic cells are reexposed to @entity26 completely blocks the subsequent @entity855 synthesis and the associated increase in transport activity. Cells incubated aerobically in the presence of 1 mM @entity3212 show a 90% reduction in @entity855 levels and a 2-fold increase in the rate of @entity10546 uptake. An additional 70% increase in transport activity is observed when the cells are washed free of uncoupler and incubated an additional 10 min. The results suggest that transport activity is stimulated when cellular @entity855 levels decline but that the stimulation process requires some minimal level of @entity855 for full expression.

title: Stimulation of @entity10546 transport by anaerobiosis in XXXX thymocytes.

entities_list: @entity10546 :: ('MESH:D019325', 'Chemical') :: ['3-O-methylglucose']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity3212 :: ('MESH:D019297', 'Chemical') :: ['2,4-dinitrophenol']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Previous studies have commonly shown that @entity1 with @entity13217 ( @entity13217 ) and @entity308 ( @entity308 ) demonstrate a different cerebellar activity. No study has yet explored resting-state cerebellar-cerebral functional connectivity (FC) in these two groups. Here, seed-based FC approach was employed to test the hypothesis that @entity1 with @entity13217 and @entity308 had a different cerebellar-cerebral FC. The identified FC might be used to differentiate @entity13217 from @entity308 . METHODS: Twenty-three @entity1 with @entity13217 , 22 @entity1 with @entity308 , and 19 @entity392 ( @entity392 ) matched with age, gender, and education level participated in the scans. Seed-based connectivity analyses were performed by using cerebellar seeds. RESULTS: Relative to @entity392 , both @entity1 groups showed significantly @entity76 with the prefrontal cortex (PFC) (superior, middle, and inferior frontal gyrus) and default mode network ( @entity1233 ) [superior, middle, and inferior temporal gyrus, precuneus (PCu), and inferior parietal lobule (IPL)], and increased FC with visual recognition network (lingual gyrus, middle occipital gyrus, and fusiform) and parahippocampal gyrus. However, the @entity13217 group exhibited a more decreased FC than the @entity308 group, mainly in connected regions within @entity1233 [PCu, angular gyrus (AG) and IPL]. Further receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC) analyses showed that cerebellar- @entity1233 couplings could be applied as markers to differentiate the two subtypes with relatively high sensitivity and specificity. CONCLUSIONS: Both @entity1 groups demonstrate similar pattern of abnormal cerebellar-cerebral FC. Decreased FC between the cerebellum and regions within @entity1233 might be used to separate the two @entity1 groups.

title: Abnormal resting-state cerebellar-cerebral functional connectivity in @entity13217 and treatment sensitive XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['treatment-sensitive depression', 'TSD']

entities_list: @entity13217 :: ('MESH:D061218', 'Disease') :: ['TRD', 'treatment-resistant depression']

entities_list: @entity392 :: ('MESH:D014012', 'Disease') :: ['HS', 'healthy subjects']

entities_list: @entity76 :: ('MESH:D002526', 'Disease') :: ['decreased cerebellar-cerebral FC']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['depression']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The purpose of this work was to assess intertechnique and interobserver reproducibility of 64-row multisection CT angiography (CTA) used to detect and evaluate @entity438 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: From October 2005 to November 2006, 54 consecutive @entity1 with nontraumatic @entity510 ( @entity510 ) underwent both CTA and digital substraction angiography (DSA). Four radiologists independently reviewed CT images, and 2 other radiologists reviewed DSA images. @entity439 diameter (D), neck width (N), and the presence of a branch arising from the sac were assessed. RESULTS: DSA revealed 67 @entity439 in 48 @entity1 and no @entity439 in 6 @entity1 . Mean sensitivity and specificity of CTA for the detection of @entity438 were, respectively, 94% and 90.2%. For @entity439 than 3 mm, CTA had a mean sensitivity of 70.4%. Intertechnique and interobserver agreements were good for the detection of @entity439 (mean kappa = 0.673 and 0.732, respectively) and for the measurement of their necks (mean kappa = 0.753 and 0.779, respectively). Intertechnique and interobserver agreements were excellent for the measurement of @entity439 diameters (mean kappa = 0.847 and 0.876, respectively). In addition, CTA was accurate in determining the N/D ratio of @entity439 and adjacent arterial branches. However, the N/D ratio was overestimated by all of the readers at CTA. CONCLUSION: Sixty-four-row multisection CTA is an imaging method with a good interobserver reproducibility and a high sensitivity and specificity for the detection and the morphologic evaluation of @entity1756 . It may be used as an alternative to DSA as a first-intention imaging technique in @entity1 with @entity510 .

title: Sixty-four-row multisection CT angiography for detection and evaluation of XXXX : interobserver and intertechnique reproducibility.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['SAH', 'subarachnoid hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial aneurysms']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms', 'Aneurysm', 'aneurysm', 'aneurysms less']

entities_list: @entity1756 :: ('MESH:D017542', 'Disease') :: ['ruptured intracranial aneurysms']

answer: @entity1756 :: (MESH:D017542,Disease) :: ['ruptured intracranial aneurysms']


abstract: Continuous recordings of heart rate, respiration rate, minute volume and bronchial resistance were made over a period of altogether three hours in spontaneously breathing @entity235 anaesthetized with @entity4486 . At hourly intervals, before and 1 and 2 hr after the administration of bronchodilators, @entity5143 was induced by inhalation of an @entity934 solution. Two beta2-stimulants, @entity4183 and @entity7284 , were administered by inhalation in doses of 0.5, 0.16 and 0.05 mg/kg and 0.1, 0.3 and 0.01 mg/kg respectively. For comparison, an @entity3897 derivative, @entity13265 , was also given by the same route in doses of 0.04 and 0.01 mg/kg. Controls received normal saline. @entity4183 and @entity7284 caused an increase in heart rate, respiration rate and minute volume. @entity934 -induced @entity5143 was inhibited to the extent of 10--70% for 2 hr after the administration of @entity4183 , and by 15--70% after @entity7284 . The @entity934 antagonist @entity13265 caused only transient changes in heart rate, respiration rate and minute volume. @entity934 -induced @entity5143 was inhibited by 95% and 80% for 2 hr after doses of 0.04 and 0.01 mg/kg, respectively. @entity7284 had a slightly greater central stimulant effect than @entity4183 ; @entity13265 displayed no stimulant activity.

title: Bronchial spasmolytic action of XXXX and @entity7284 compared with that of @entity13265 in the anaesthetized @entity235 .

entities_list: @entity7284 :: ('MESH:D005280', 'Chemical') :: ['Fenoterol', 'fenoterol']

entities_list: @entity4486 :: ('MESH:D002698', 'Chemical') :: ['chloralose']

entities_list: @entity13265 :: ('MESH:D009241', 'Chemical') :: ['ipratropium bromide']

entities_list: @entity3897 :: ('MESH:D001285', 'Chemical') :: ['atropine']

entities_list: @entity5143 :: ('MESH:D001986', 'Disease') :: ['bronchial spasm']

entities_list: @entity4183 :: ('MESH:D013726', 'Chemical') :: ['terbutaline', 'Terbutaline']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine', 'Acetylcholine']

answer: @entity4183 :: (MESH:D013726,Chemical) :: ['terbutaline']


abstract: Numerous data suggest that the development of the sympathoadrenal system is highly sensitive to the perinatal environment. We previously reported that maternal perinatal food restriction by 50% (FR50) altered chromaffin cell (CC) organization and activity in offspring at weaning. This study investigated the effects of FR50 on the postnatal time course of CC functional and structural adaptations. FR50 pups exhibited smaller and more abundant scattered clusters of noradrenergic CCs as early as postnatal day 7 (P7), indicating that morphological changes took place earlier during development. At birth, the @entity1425 release was defective in FR50 pups, suggesting that maternal FR50 impaired the non-neurogenic control of @entity2922 release. At P4, the @entity2922 release in response to insulin-induced hypoglycaemia was also absent in FR50 pups. This was associated with the reduction of adrenal @entity2922 contents, indicating that the failure to synthesize @entity2922 might lead to impaired secretion. We hypothesized that maternal FR50 accelerated the functional connections between CCs and splanchnic nerve endings, leading to the premature loss of the non-neurogenic response. @entity934 -containing synaptic endings seemed more precociously functional in FR50 pups, as suggested by increased levels of @entity934 esterase activity at @entity10495 . At P7, insulin-induced hypoglycaemia caused preferential adrenaline release associated with increased @entity2922 contents in both groups. However, the response was accentuated in FR50 pups. At @entity10495 , the insulin challenge increased plasma levels of adrenaline in control @entity35 , whereas it markedly enhanced the circulating level of both @entity2661 in FR50 pups. We demonstrated that maternal FR50 leads to developmentally impaired noradrenergic @entity1423 and advanced splanchnic neurotransmission maturation associated with altered medulla activity in response to metabolic stress. This might contribute to the long-lasting malprogramming of the adrenal medulla and to the development of chronic @entity66 .

title: Maternal perinatal undernutrition alters postnatal development of chromaffin cells in the male XXXX adrenal medulla.

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['adult diseases']

entities_list: @entity1423 :: ('MESH:D001791', 'Disease') :: ['CC aggregation']

entities_list: @entity1425 :: ('MESH:D004837', 'Chemical') :: ['adrenaline']

entities_list: @entity2922 :: ('CHEBI:33567', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamine']

entities_list: @entity2661 :: ('MESH:D002395', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamines']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity4037 are common and repair with mesh has been shown to reduce recurrence. However, synthetic mesh is associated with a risk of @entity281 . Biologic mesh is an alternative that may be less susceptible to @entity281 . Typically, the sublay position is preferred for mesh placement but this technique takes longer and has not been shown to have a lower recurrence rate than an onlay mesh. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcome of @entity4037 repair using a porcine non-cross-linked biologic mesh onlay. METHODS: A retrospective chart review was performed of all @entity1 that had a @entity4037 repair with biologic mesh from January 2009 to March 2012. The operative procedure in all @entity1 was an open repair with primary @entity4438 (if possible) with or without external oblique component separation and porcine biologic mesh onlay. RESULTS: There were 22 @entity1 that had a @entity4037 repair, 19 primary and 3 recurrent. The majority were @entity1 , had @entity547 grade 3 or 4, and developed the @entity547 after an esophagectomy or gastrectomy for @entity5 . All but one had primary closure with a porcine biologic mesh onlay. One @entity1 was bridged for loss of domain. A bilateral external oblique component separation was added in 16 @entity1 (73  %). The median hospital stay was 7  days. There were two superficial wound infections, one with exposed mesh, but no @entity1 required mesh removal. @entity2080 requiring intervention developed in 6 @entity1 (27  %) and resolved with @entity1707 -tail drainage. At a median follow-up of 7  months, there has been no @entity547 recurrence apart from the @entity1 that was bridged. CONCLUSIONS: Porcine non-cross-linked biologic mesh overlay has excellent short-term results in @entity1 at increased risk for @entity281 . No @entity1 required mesh removal, and there have been no recurrent @entity547 in @entity1 with primary @entity4438 . Biologic bridging is not effective for long-term abdominal wall reconstruction.

title: Onlay XXXX repairs using porcine non-cross-linked dermal biologic mesh.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity4438 :: ('MESH:C563219', 'Disease') :: ['fascial closure']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['mesh infection', 'infection']

entities_list: @entity547 :: ('MESH:D006547', 'Disease') :: ['hernia', 'hernias']

entities_list: @entity4037 :: ('MESH:D006555', 'Disease') :: ['Ventral hernias', 'complex ventral hernia', 'ventral hernia']

answer: @entity4037 :: (MESH:D006555,Disease) :: ['ventral hernia']


abstract: Twenty @entity1 with @entity1689 and signs of @entity253 were treated by endoscopic placement of self expandable metal mesh stents, and followed up prospectively. Eleven had been treated previously with plastic endoprostheses. All had persistent @entity1448 , seven @entity1 had @entity1087 , and three overt @entity255 . Endoscopic stent placement was successful in all cases. No early clinical complication was seen and @entity1448 , @entity1087 or @entity255 rapidly resolved in all @entity1 . Mean follow up was 33 months (range 24 to 42) and consisted of clinical evaluation, ultrasonography, and @entity10747 ( @entity10747 ). In 18 @entity1 , successive ERCPs and cholangioscopies have shown that the metal mesh initially embeds in the bile duct wall and is rapidly covered by a continuous tissue by three months. The stent lumen remained patent and functional throughout the follow up period except in two @entity1 who developed @entity2543 within the stent resulting in recurrent @entity253 , three and six months after placement. They were treated endoscopically with standard plastic stents with one of these @entity1 ultimately requiring surgical drainage. No @entity1 free of clinical or radiological signs of @entity2543 after six months developed obstruction later. This new treatment could become an effective alternative to surgical biliary diversion if further controlled follow up studies confirm the initial impression that self expandable metal mesh stents offer a low morbidity alternative for longterm biliary drainage in @entity1689 without the inconvenience associated with plastic stents.

title: Management of common bile duct stricture caused by XXXX with metal mesh self expandable stents.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity10747 :: ('MESH:D012183', 'Disease') :: ['endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography', 'ERCP']

entities_list: @entity1689 :: ('MESH:D050500', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity1448 :: ('MESH:D002779', 'Disease') :: ['cholestasis']

entities_list: @entity2543 :: ('MESH:D017573', 'Disease') :: ['epithelial hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity253 :: ('MESH:D001660', 'Disease') :: ['biliary obstruction']

entities_list: @entity255 :: ('MESH:D002761', 'Disease') :: ['cholangitis']

answer: @entity1689 :: (MESH:D050500,Disease) :: ['chronic pancreatitis']


abstract: The aqueous extract of Portulaca oleracea produced skeletal muscle relaxation in @entity35 following i.p. or oral administration, as assessed by the prolongation of pull-up time. The i.p. route of administration was more effective. When compared with @entity8685 (20 mg/kg, i.p.), @entity3175 (40 mg/kg, i.p.) and @entity592 (30 mg/kg, oral), the extract (200-1000 mg/kg, i.p.) proved a more effective skeletal muscle relaxant. With 1000 mg/kg i.p., 80% lethality was seen. The LD50 in an acute @entity137 test in @entity19 was 1040 mg/kg i.p.

title: Skeletal muscle relaxant action of an aqueous extract of Portulaca oleracea in the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3175 :: ('MESH:D003975', 'Chemical') :: ['diazepam']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity8685 :: ('MESH:D002707', 'Chemical') :: ['chlordiazepoxide']

entities_list: @entity592 :: ('MESH:D003620', 'Chemical') :: ['dantrolene sodium']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: @entity342 dependence of the @entity19 @entity44702 ( @entity44702 ) gene is conferred by an enhancer encompassing a consensus hormone response element (HRE) and sites for several nonreceptor factors. The footprint IV (FPIV) region of the enhancer plays a key role in hormone- and tissue-specific response, both in vitro and in vivo. We characterized FPIV-binding factors by methylation interference analysis and UV cross-linking of several complexes evident in gel mobility-shift assays. The footprinting analysis revealed that distinct base contacts within the multiple nuclear protein-DNA complexes occurred primarily within a sequence similar to an octamer transcription factor ( @entity51782 ) binding site. With additional data on approximate molecular weights from UV cross-linking, several plausible candidates were tested for their DNA binding and functional activity at FPIV. Oct-like protein binding in gel-shift assays with several cell and tissue extracts was evident using specific competitors and antibodies, but was lower in affinity for FPIV than for an @entity51782 consensus site. Site-directed mutation of the FPIV sequence to a consensus @entity51782 element within the @entity44702 enhancer context increased @entity51782 binding in vitro, but greatly reduced hormonal induction in vivo. This suggested that @entity51782 is not directly involved in response, or alternatively, that @entity51782 bound to the lower-affinity site interacts with neighboring factors significantly differently than @entity51782 bound to a consensus sequence. A sequence overlapping the Oct-like element that was similar to a hepatic nuclear factor-4 (HNF-4) site showed no ability to bind HNF-4 in vitro, nor the related orphan receptor, @entity1573 ovalbumin upstream promoter factor (COUP-TF). Intriguingly, however, expression of COUP-TF in transfection had a dramatic inhibitory effect on response of the @entity342 -specific enhancer (C' delta9), but did not affect other enhancer configurations that can also be induced by glucocorticoid (C 'delta2). This underscores that, despite extensive sequence identity of C' delta9 and C' delta2, components of the @entity342 -specific transcription complex differ significantly from that of one that is more generally @entity134 responsive.

title: Involvement of an octamer-like sequence within a crucial region of the @entity342 -dependent XXXX enhancer.

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen', 'Androgen']

answer: @entity44702 :: (625018(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['Slp']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Current ventilator management for @entity649 ( @entity649 ) incorporates low tidal volume (V(T)) ventilation in order to limit ventilator-induced @entity651 . @entity258 in supine @entity1 , without the use of intermittent hyperinflations, may cause small airway closure, progressive @entity891 , and secretion retention. Use of high positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) levels with low V(T) ventilation may not counter this effect, because regional differences in intra-abdominal hydrostatic pressure may diminish the volume-stabilizing effects of PEEP. CASE SUMMARY: A 35-year-old @entity1 with @entity8479 (intra-abdominal pressure > 48 cm @entity2507 developed @entity649 and was treated with V(T) of 4.5 mL/kg and PEEP of 20 cm @entity2507 . Despite aggressive fluid therapy, appropriate airway humidification and tracheal suctioning, the @entity1 developed complete @entity2488 , involving the entire right lung and left upper lobe. After bronchoscopy the @entity1 was placed on a higher V(T) (7.0 mL/kg). Intermittent @entity9239 was instituted at 30 cm @entity2507 for 2 breaths every 3 minutes. This intermittently raised the end-inspiratory plateau pressure from 38 cm @entity2507 to 50 cm @entity2507 . With the same airway humidity and tracheal suctioning practices @entity2488 did not reoccur. CONCLUSION: @entity258 in @entity649 may increase the risk of small airway closure and retained secretions. This adverse effect highlights the importance of pulmonary hygiene measures in @entity649 during lung-protective ventilation.

title: XXXX during low tidal volume ventilation in @entity649 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity2488 :: ('MESH:D001982', 'Disease') :: ['bronchial obstruction']

entities_list: @entity649 :: ('MESH:D012128', 'Disease') :: ['ARDS', 'acute respiratory distress syndrome']

entities_list: @entity651 :: ('MESH:D055370', 'Disease') :: ['lung injury']

entities_list: @entity891 :: ('MESH:D001261', 'Disease') :: ['atelectasis']

entities_list: @entity8479 :: ('MESH:D059325', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal compartment syndrome']

entities_list: @entity258 :: ('MESH:D009800', 'Disease') :: ['Low V(T) ventilation']

answer: @entity891 :: (MESH:D001261,Disease) :: ['Lung collapse']


abstract: PURPOSE: This retrospective study deals with the issue of how to realize the transition from a failing dentition to an implant-supported prosthesis. The main aim was to assess the reliability of immediate implant and immediate loading (IL) protocols in the @entity5386 . A further aim was to investigate the role of @entity1 -related, implant-related, and surgery-related secondary variables in the occurrence of implant failure. MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity1 with at least a 4-year post-loading follow-up undergoing the transition from a failing dentition to an implant-supported prosthesis were retrospectively investigated. Primary variables of implant failure were immediate placement and IL. Secondary variables were categorized as demographic, anatomic, site, and prosthetically related. Cumulative survival rates (CSRs) were compared using the Kaplan-Meier survival estimate method. @entity177 were included in a multivariate Cox regression model to evaluate the simultaneous effects of multiple covariates and control for correlated observation. Crestal @entity604 was also measured at the delayed and the immediately loaded implants. RESULTS: Five hundred nineteen implants rehabilitating 91 jaws in 80 @entity1 were followed. The Kaplan-Meier survival estimate method showed that immediate implant and IL decreased the @entity9362 significantly in the maxilla but not in the mandible. Some secondary variables were found to affect the @entity9362 : maxillary location, age over 70 years, prostheses supported by only immediate implants or a majority of them, temporary cementation, implant diameter, and length. Crestal @entity604 was not significantly related to the outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: The present data may provide clinical recommendations to the practitioner treating the transitional @entity1 . In the mandible, the use of immediate implants and IL does not increase the failure rate. In the maxilla however, combining immediate placement and IL may significantly increase the failure rate.

title: Immediate versus Conventional Loading of Post-Extraction Implants in the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity604 :: ('MESH:D016301', 'Disease') :: ['bone loss']

entities_list: @entity5386 :: ('MESH:D007575', 'Disease') :: ['edentulous jaws']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['Predictors of failure']

answer: @entity5386 :: (MESH:D007575,Disease) :: ['Edentulous Jaws']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the early outcomes of breast reconstruction with free transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous (TRAM) flaps after resection of @entity0 . METHODS: A total of 12 free TRAM flaps were performed after @entity0 surgery in The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio from July 2003 to November 2003. Average @entity1 age was 43.5 years, and average weight was 68.6 kg. Reconstruction was undertaken as an immediate procedure after mastectomy in two @entity1 (16.7%) and as a delayed procedure in 10 @entity1 (83.3%). The flap was harvested based on the deep inferior epigastric vessel on the opposite side to the affected breast. Of the 12 @entity1 , 2 @entity1 underwent reconstruction using the thoracodorsal vessels and 10 @entity1 underwent reconstruction using the internal mammary vessels as the receipt vessels. Mean follow-up time was 2.8 months. The surgical technique, complications and the early results of breast reconstruction are reported. RESULTS: The free TRAM flap Reconstruction was successfully performed in all @entity1 at a success rate of 100% . Average operating time was 495 minutes, and average hospital stay was 9.4 days. The contralateral breast reduction was performed in 5 (41.7%) of the @entity1 . Six complications occurred in 3 of 12 reconstructions (25%). Complications included three haematoma or @entity2080 formation, two delayed wound @entity446 and one partial fat @entity39 . There were no major @entity260 such as partial flap loss, @entity393 , wound @entity281 or @entity4036 . RESULTS were considered extremely satisfactory or satisfactory in 11 cases (91.7%), less satisfactory in one case (8.3%). No case was dissatisfied with her reconstruction. Conclusions This study suggests that the free TRAM flap for breast reconstruction is a safe and reliable technique which provides an excellent cosmetic outcome with a high degree of @entity1 satisfaction.

title: [Breast reconstruction using free transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap after resection of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity4036 :: ('MESH:D046449', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal wall hernia']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['total flap loss']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']