abstract: BACKGROUND: Longitudinal mood instability is the essential feature of @entity162 , however most rating scales are cross sectional in nature, and focus on acute symptoms. By contrast, the NIMH @entity7027 ( @entity7027 ) characterizes in detail the severity, duration, and frequency of mood episodes. Adherence to daily rating, however, tends to be low. In this study an online version of the @entity7027 , designed to enhance adherence, was compared to the standard paper version. METHODS: @entity1 from a @entity1316 specialty clinic were randomized to the standard @entity7027 or an online, open-source adaptation. The online version used hypertext links embedded in a daily email as the primary rating interface. @entity1 rated for 90 days. The total number of days rated and the number of days with complete data were compared for the two groups. RESULTS: Forty-eight @entity1 participated in the study. The online group rated approximately twice as many days compared to the standard group (44.3 versus 20.4, p=.029). The online group also entered complete data for a larger portion of days (55.2% versus 27.7%, p=.039). LIMITATIONS: This was a small, short-term study. The implications for longer-term rating are unclear. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the advantages of documenting mood fluctuation on a daily basis, the @entity7027 is not commonly used, in part because ensuring adequate adherence can be resource intensive. An easily accessible online adaptation that utilizes email checking behavior can make this tool available to a wider range of @entity1 .

title: A randomized comparison of online and paper mood charts for XXXX with @entity162 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity7027 :: ('MESH:D057768', 'Disease') :: ['Life Chart Methodology', 'LCM']

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['bipolar disorder']

entities_list: @entity1316 :: ('MESH:D019964', 'Disease') :: ['mood disorders']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['people']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Tissue injury from mechanical trauma often leads to secondary organ failure. Local accumulation of neutrophils and excessive release of toxic metabolites through inhibition of neutrophil apoptosis may be responsible for @entity2478 and irreversible damage of resident cells of injured tissues. METHODS: The purpose of this study was to examine the presence of apoptosis-inhibiting factors at the local site of tissue injury. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from @entity1 with severe @entity542 (n = 10; Abbreviated Injury Scale score, 4.5 +/- 0.2 points) and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from @entity1 with serious @entity764 (n = 10; Abbreviated Injury Scale score, 4.1 +/- 0.1 points) were collected on days 1 and 3 after injury and compared with CSF (n = 5) and BALF (n = 16) obtained from @entity1 undergoing elective orthopedic surgery. Neutrophils from healthy @entity1 were incubated with 10% of CSF or BALF for 16 hours. Neutrophil apoptosis was determined by flow cytometric analysis of @entity2667 nuclear staining, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated @entity9342 nick-end labeling, and May-Grunwald-Giemsa staining. Levels of @entity1261 ( @entity1261 ) in CSF and BALF were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: CSF and BALF from injured @entity1 significantly inhibited spontaneous neutrophil apoptosis of healthy @entity1 compared with control samples, whereas respiratory burst activity was enhanced (p < 0.05). Moreover, CSF and BALF from injured @entity1 contained increased (p < 0.05) amounts of @entity1261 . Neutralization of @entity1261 in CSF and BALF from injured patients using monoclonal anti- @entity1261 antibody markedly (p < 0.05) reduced the apoptosis-inhibiting effect of those body fluids and decreased the respiratory burst. CONCLUSION: In @entity1 with severe head or @entity764 , @entity1261 acts locally as a strong inhibitor of spontaneous neutrophil apoptosis, which may cause an increased destructive potential of neutrophils present in injured tissues.

title: @entity1261 inhibits neutrophil apoptosis at the local site after severe head and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1261 :: ('1440', 'Gene') :: ['G-CSF', 'granulocyte colony-stimulating factor']

entities_list: @entity2667 :: ('MESH:D011419', 'Chemical') :: ['propidium iodide']

entities_list: @entity2478 :: ('MESH:D019559', 'Disease') :: ['capillary leakage']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['head injury']

entities_list: @entity764 :: ('MESH:D013898', 'Disease') :: ['chest injury', 'chest trauma']

entities_list: @entity9342 :: ('MESH:C027078', 'Chemical') :: ['deoxyuridine triphosphate']

answer: @entity764 :: (MESH:D013898,Disease) :: ['thoracic injury']


abstract: @entity3009 production is catalyzed by @entity3840 ( @entity3840 ). We demonstrate here that @entity29772 and @entity2393 ( @entity24834 ) can exert control on the induction of @entity3840 mRNA by Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists. In the initial phase of @entity3840 induction, @entity24834 knockout macrophages confirmed a role for MSK in the positive regulation of transcription. However, at later time points both lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced prostaglandin and @entity3840 protein levels were increased in @entity24834 knockout. Further analysis found that while MSKs promoted @entity3840 mRNA transcription, following longer LPS stimulation MSKs also promoted degradation of @entity3840 mRNA. This was found to be the result of an @entity688 ( @entity688 ) feedback mechanism, with endogenously produced @entity688 promoting @entity3840 degradation. The ability of @entity688 to do this was dependent on the mRNA binding protein TTP through a @entity1435 / @entity11006 -mediated mechanism. As MSKs regulate @entity688 production in response to LPS, @entity24834 knockout results in reduced @entity688 secretion and therefore reduced feedback from @entity688 on @entity3840 mRNA stability. Following LPS stimulation, this increased mRNA stability correlated to an elevated induction of both of @entity3840 protein and prostaglandin secretion in @entity24834 knockout macrophages relative to that in wild-type cells. This was not restricted to isolated macrophages, as a similar effect of @entity24834 knockout was seen on plasma @entity1421 ( @entity1421 ) levels following intraperitoneal injection of LPS.

title: XXXX and @entity2393 inhibit lipopolysaccharide-induced prostaglandin production via an @entity688 feedback loop.

entities_list: @entity1421 :: ('MESH:D015232', 'Chemical') :: ['PGE2', 'prostaglandin E2']

entities_list: @entity3009 :: ('CHEBI:26333', 'Chemical') :: ['Prostaglandin']

answer: @entity29772 :: (9252,Gene) :: ['MSK1']


abstract: Extensive research has been carried out in Eastern Africa for animal reservoirs of both visceral and @entity4536 . The domestic @entity235 has been the only domestic animal so far implicated as a possible reservoir for @entity234 . For @entity4536 caused by @entity3667 aethiopica, the hyrax and the giant @entity35 are the proven reservoirs of the disease while several species of rodents have been demonstrated to harbor @entity3667 . Recent studies conducted in domestic animals in West Pokot led to the first isolation of leishmanial parasites from a @entity1237 , a close associate of @entity1 in the vast endemic @entity232 foci. Consequent encounter of a clinical case of the disease is the basis for this paper. It is the first autochthonous case in Eastern Africa. The @entity1237 originated from the Western escarpments of the Rift Valley which are known to harbor L. aethiopica. Clinical signs included lesions, indurations, and enlargement of lymph nodes. Parasitological and pathological investigations revealed amastigotes in various tissues. Cultures of the affected tissues produced promastigotes.

title: @entity232 in Kenya: description of @entity232 of a XXXX from Transmara, Narok District, Kenya.

entities_list: @entity234 :: ('MESH:D007898', 'Disease') :: ['visceral leishmaniasis']

entities_list: @entity232 :: ('MESH:D007896', 'Disease') :: ['leishmaniasis']

entities_list: @entity3667 :: ('5664', 'Species') :: ['L. major', 'Leishmania']

entities_list: @entity4536 :: ('MESH:D016773', 'Disease') :: ['cutaneous leishmaniasis']

entities_list: @entity1237 :: ('9925', 'Species') :: ['domestic goat', 'goat']

answer: @entity1237 :: (9925,Species) :: ['domestic goat']


abstract: PURPOSE: We review the literature and characterize the clinical findings of @entity1264 's associated @entity1911 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: A Grateful Med search for the years 1966 to 1999 was performed on the subjects, " @entity1264 " and " @entity4786 ." Articles from the Grateful Med search were then reviewed to identify older publications. Of 325 articles 118 are included in this review. RESULTS: @entity1911 have been clinically identified in 0.1 to 5.7% of @entity1 with @entity1264 . Mean @entity1 age was 42 years (range 1.5 to 74) in 87 @entity1 and 61 @entity1 at presentation with @entity1911 . Of the 148 @entity1 84% had solitary @entity5 , 9.6% bilateral @entity550 and 6.1% ectopic @entity1911 . Symptoms related to @entity1911 or @entity101 were noted in 78% of the @entity1 . Tumors secreted @entity1425 and @entity1063 , and 87% demonstrated metaiodobenzylguanidine uptake. Of the 148 @entity1 6% died during pregnancy or a medical procedure, or due to @entity101 without apparent provocation, 8.8% had @entity1820 and 11.5% had @entity3 or local invasion from @entity1911 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity1911 occur in a small but defined number of @entity1 with @entity1264 , and can be associated with significant morbidity and mortality if not detected. Screening of @entity1 with @entity1264 and @entity101 or before provocative procedures or pregnancy seems to be indicated.

title: XXXX and @entity1911 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity550 :: ('MESH:D000303', 'Disease') :: ['adrenal disease']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'hypertensive crisis']

entities_list: @entity1911 :: ('MESH:D010673', 'Disease') :: ['pheochromocytoma', 'pheochromocytomas', 'Pheochromocytomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['adrenal tumors']

entities_list: @entity1425 :: ('MESH:D004837', 'Chemical') :: ['epinephrine']

entities_list: @entity1264 :: ('MESH:D009456', 'Disease') :: ['von Recklinghausen', "von Recklinghausen's disease"]

entities_list: @entity1820 :: ('MESH:D005770', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal carcinoid tumors']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity4786 :: ('MESH:D017253', 'Disease') :: ['neurofibromatosis']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['norepinephrine']

answer: @entity1264 :: (MESH:D009456,Disease) :: ['von Recklinghausen's disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: There has been a trend towards increased dining out in many countries. Consuming food prepared out of the home has been linked to poor diet quality, @entity1017 , and @entity6 risk, but whether having meals prepared at home (MPAH) is associated with risk of @entity2175 ( @entity2175 ) remains unknown. METHODS AND FINDINGS: We followed 58,051 @entity1 (from 1986 to 2012) and 41,676 @entity1 (from 1986 to 2010) in two prospective cohort studies of health professionals. Frequencies of consuming midday or evening MPAH were assessed at baseline and during follow-up. Incident @entity2175 was identified through self-report and confirmed using a validated supplementary questionnaire. During 2.1 million @entity1 -years of follow-up, 9,356 @entity2175 cases were documented. After adjusting for demographic, socioeconomic, and lifestyle factors, hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) of @entity2175 were 1 (reference), 0.93 (0.88-0.99), 0.96 (0.90-1.03), and 0.86 (0.81-0.91) for those eating 0-6, 7-8, 9-10, and 11-14 MPAH (p-trend < 0.001) per week, respectively. @entity1 eating 5-7 midday MPAH had 9% lower @entity2175 risk than those with 0-2 midday MPAH, and @entity1 having 5-7 evening MPAH had 15% lower risk than those with 0-2 evening MPAH (both p-trend < 0.001). In the first 8 y of follow-up, @entity1 and @entity1 who consumed 11-14 MPAH per week had 0.34 kg (95% CI: 0.15-0.53; p < 0.001) and 1.23 kg (95% CI: 0.92-1.54) less @entity1017 than those with 0-6 MPAH, respectively. Among @entity1 who were nonobese (body mass index [BMI] < 30 kg/m2) at baseline, pooled HR (95% CI) of developing @entity28 (BMI >=  30 kg/m2) was 0.86 (0.82-0.91; p-trend < 0.001) when extreme MPAH groups (11-14 MPAH versus 0-6 MPAH) were compared. When midday and evening MPAH were analyzed separately, HRs comparing extreme groups (5-7 MPAH versus 0-2 MPAH) were 0.93 (95% CI: 0.89-0.97, p-trend = 0.003) for midday MPAH and 0.76 (95% CI: 0.70-0.83; p-trend < 0.001) for evening MPAH. Further adjusting for BMI during follow-up attenuated the association between MPAH and @entity2175 risk: the HR (95% CI) for @entity1 with 11-14 MPAH was 0.95 (0.89-1.01, p-trend = 0.13). The main limitations of our study were that it lacked assessments on individual foods constituting the MPAH and that the findings were limited to health professionals with a relatively homogeneous socioeconomic status. CONCLUSIONS: In two large prospective cohort studies, frequent consumption of MPAH is associated with a lower risk of developing @entity2175 , and this association is partly attributable to less @entity1017 linked with this dining behavior.

title: Consumption of Meals Prepared at Home and Risk of Type 2 XXXX : An Analysis of Two Prospective Cohort Studies.

entities_list: @entity2175 :: ('MESH:D003924', 'Disease') :: ['type 2 diabetes', 'T2D']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'Participants', 'person', 'men']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['weight gain']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['Diabetes']


abstract: @entity788 are the fourth cause of death in Occident: the 5-year-survival rate is less than 5% because of diagnostic difficulties, low clinical expression at early stage, and complexity of the surgical treatment. The role of ultrasound (US) is in early diagnosis, because also in early @entity5 there could be lymphatic spread or peritoneal involvement. There are multiple modalities to study the pancreas with US: abdominal US, "contact" US (endosonography and intra-operative or laparoscopic US). The first is not invasive, cheap but limited by extrinsic and intrinsic factors, the latter are respectively characterized by high cost, and need of endoscopic specialists for endosonography, the complementarity to laparoscopy or surgery for the laparoscopic/intraoperative US. Abdominal US is the first diagnostic step for the pancreas, but it is not affordable in 15-25% of @entity1 , because of meteorism. In all the other cases, it represents the pancreas with a good contrast between the normal parenchyma and tumoral tissues. Abdominal US, together with biopsy, can define the resectability. Ecoendoscopy is actually dedicated to small @entity5 staging, but recent studies demonstrate the same results achieved by spiral TC. Laparoscopic US is a second step imaging in @entity1 already selected for surgery. The first finality in US evaluation of @entity5 masses is early diagnosis of @entity788 ; it can give to some of these @entity1 the opportunity of undergoing to surgical treatment. This could be achieved by a proper use of the moititude of ultrasonic abdominal explorations that are requested in daily practice. US, together with CT and MR, can define the resectability of the @entity5 , with further supplementar evaluation by mean of laparoscopic US. Intraoperative US is now indicated for planning and guiding the surgeon in resection of the @entity788 .

title: [Ultrasonography of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer', 'Pancreatic tumors']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatic neoplasms']


abstract: The prevalence, clinical presentations, and diagnostic significance of the @entity8231 ( @entity8231 ) in the setting of a department of internal medicine in a community hospital was studied. During a 7-year period (1979-1985) a total of 167 @entity1 among 11,000 hospitalized @entity1 were diagnosed as having a malignant @entity5 previously unknown. From this group we selected all cases who presented with one or more of the known clinical PNSs. Forty-two cases, i.e., 25% fulfilled the selection criteria. Their prevalence in our population was higher than usually found in the literature. Sixteen different categories of @entity8231 were observed. They occurred 55 times, since more than one @entity8231 was present in 9 cases. No significant correlation was observed between any type of @entity8231 and any particular class of malignant @entity5 . At the time of initial evaluation, PNSs were associated with stage I @entity5 in 15 cases, with stages II and III in 8 and 3 cases, respectively, and with stage IV in 22 cases. PNSs were the leading symptom or sign in 56% of the @entity1 . In these @entity1 the @entity8231 determined the direction of work-up in the search for a @entity5 . However, PNSs were essential for suspecting @entity5 in 6 cases only, i.e., 14%. We stress that awareness of the clinical implications of these syndromes may permit an earlier diagnosis of @entity5 .

title: Clinical significance of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplasia', 'cancer in stage I of the disease', 'malignancy', 'malignant tumor']

entities_list: @entity8231 :: ('MESH:D010257', 'Disease') :: ['paraneoplastic syndrome', 'PNS']

answer: @entity8231 :: (MESH:D010257,Disease) :: ['paraneoplastic syndrome']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We aimed to evaluate the prognostic factors and efficacy of treatment modalities for @entity1 with temporal @entity3478 , and to determine if definitive chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for advanced-stage disease can provide a substitute for highly invasive surgeries. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective case series. SETTING: Tertiary referral center. @entity1 : Sixty-six @entity1 with previously untreated @entity957 of the temporal bone treated with curative intent between April 1997 and March 2015. INTERVENTION: Surgery alone, radiotherapy (RT) alone, surgery followed by RT or definitive CRT. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: The overall survival (OS) rate. RESULTS: The 5-year OS rate for each T classification was 100% for T1, 76.2% for T2, 55.6% for T3, and 36.7% for T4. Univariable and multivariable analysis showed that T classification was an independent predictor of the OS rate (hazard ratio 5.66; 95% confidence interval 1.51-27.0; p=0.015). Analysis by treatment modality revealed that the 5-year OS rate for @entity1 with @entity7279 was 100% for surgery and 81.3% for RT alone. The rate for @entity1 with T3-4 was 52.1% for definitive CRT and 55.6% for surgery followed by RT with or without chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with @entity7279 benefited from surgical intervention without significant morbidity or mortality. Our findings also suggested that definitive CRT might be appropriate as the first-line treatment for T3-4, especially in cases with unresectable @entity5 .

title: The Outcomes of Surgery and Chemoradiotherapy for Temporal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity3478 :: ('MESH:D001859', 'Disease') :: ['bone cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma']

answer: @entity3478 :: (MESH:D001859,Disease) :: ['Bone Cancer']


abstract: In two experiments, we compared the performance of normal-reading (n = 26) and dyslexic @entity1 (n = 22) in discriminating letters from their mirrored images. In experiment 1, they were always presented in the upright orientation; in experiment 2, they were presented in different angular orientations (0 degrees, 90 degrees, 180 degrees). In order to determine whether task and @entity5545 affect reaction times in early or late stages of processing, a dual-task paradigm was adopted in which the primary task was tone discrimination. Stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA) between first and second task was systematically varied (50 ms versus 400 ms). In both experiments dyslexics were slower overall than controls. No effects of mirror-image letters were found. In experiment 2, mental-rotation effects were additive with SOA. In accordance with earlier findings we concluded that the mental-rotation effect involves central processing capacity. Mental-rotation effects were the same for normal-reading and dyslexic @entity1 ; @entity717 is not impaired in @entity5545 . Remarkably, SOA effects were larger in normal readers than in dyslexics. This result was explained by observing that dyslexics experience decision difficulties already on the first task. As a result, they do not benefit optimally from increased latencies between first and second tasks.

title: Controlled but independent: effects of @entity717 and developmental XXXX in dual-task settings.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['mental rotation']

answer: @entity5545 :: (MESH:D004410,Disease) :: ['dyslexia']


abstract: In order to determine the incidence and to understand recent trend of @entity259 and other @entity1374 among Korean, a nation-wide collection of biopsy-confirmed and surgically removed thyroid lesions from 30 pathology laboratories of university and general hospitals was made over a 3-year-period from 1986 to 1988. These @entity5 and @entity5 -like lesions of the thyroid were classified according to the WHO classification. Results of this study were compared with those of the previous in Korea and other countries. Among the 7758 collected cases from 7449 @entity1 , @entity5651 was the most common, comprising 2681 cases (34.6%), followed by @entity652 , 1868 cases (24.1%) and @entity1377 , 1474 cases (19%). Neoplastic condition comprised 48.8% (3786 cases). Of @entity5 , @entity1377 was the most frequent accounting for 79.8%. The female to male ratio was 7.5:1 with female predominance. This female predominance was noted in all but two @entity1374 . @entity189 showed equal distribution in both sexes, and two cases of @entity706 developed in males. @entity1374 were common at the 3rd to 6th decades with peak incidence at the 4th decade. The right lobe of the thyroid was more frequently involved than the left lobe (1.6:1). The diagnoses were made largely on the surgically excised specimen (85.3%). Multiplicity of the lesions revealed single lesion in 64%, multiple and @entity66 in 36% of cases investigated. Average size of the lesion was in the range of 1-5 cm in diameter (62%).

title: A national study on biopsy-confirmed XXXX among Koreans: an analysis of 7758 cases.

entities_list: @entity1377 :: ('MESH:D002291', 'Disease') :: ['papillary carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['diffuse lesion']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['malignant lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'malignant tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['Medullary carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5651 :: ('MESH:D006042', 'Disease') :: ['adenomatous goiter']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['follicular adenoma']

entities_list: @entity259 :: ('MESH:D013964', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid neoplasm']

entities_list: @entity1374 :: ('MESH:D013959', 'Disease') :: ['Thyroid diseases', 'thyroid diseases']

answer: @entity1374 :: (MESH:D013959,Disease) :: ['thyroid diseases']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity117 ( @entity1281 ) is used in the treatment of @entity583 ( @entity583 ) but is also a risk factor for @entity10189 ( @entity10189 ) @entity548 . OBJECTIVE: To determine the factors associated with continued ASA use in @entity1 with @entity583 who develop @entity10189 @entity548 . METHODS: @entity583 @entity1 who developed @entity10189 @entity548 during the same hospitalization at two tertiary care hospitals in Edmonton, Alberta, between January 1999 and December 2006, were evaluated retrospectively. Multivariate analysis was used to determine predictors of the primary outcome of continued ASA use during @entity10189 @entity548 . RESULTS: A total of 102 @entity1 were analyzed. Thirty-eight @entity1 (37%) were continued on ASA, while 64 (63%) had ASA discontinued during their hospitalization. On multivariate regression analysis, significant predictors of continued ASA use included lowrisk ulcer stigmata on endoscopy (OR 3.7; 95% CI 1.4 to 10.2; P=0.01) and @entity583 requiring coronary intervention (OR 8.2; 95% CI 2.1 to 32.1; P=0.002). The mean (+/- SD) blood transfusion requirement was 3.9+/-3.6 units. The 30-day rebleeding and mortality rates were 14% and 14%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The continued use of ASA during @entity583 and @entity10189 @entity548 was variable. However, @entity1 with low-risk ulcers and those who received coronary intervention were more likely to have ASA continued during @entity10189 @entity548 . Further studies evaluating the gastrointestinal risk of immediate ASA use in @entity583 with @entity16950 are required.

title: @entity117 use in @entity1 with XXXX and peptic ulcer bleeding.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity10189 :: ('MESH:D010437', 'Disease') :: ['peptic ulcer disease', 'PUD']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['Acetylsalicylic acid']

entities_list: @entity16950 :: ('MESH:D010438', 'Disease') :: ['acute PUD bleeding']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['AMI', 'acute myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['acute myocardial infarction']


abstract: @entity2682 (GBP) is a new antiepileptic drug approved for clinical treatment of partial @entity410 in the USA. Serum GBP concentrations in 283 @entity1 were studied using high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. The standard curves were linear over a range of 60 ng to 15 microg/ml. The coefficient of variations were 3.4 to 8.8% and 1.4 to 9.8% for intra- and inter-assay studies, respectively. The lower limit of quantitation was 10 ng/ml. Of the 283 @entity1 studied, 72.5% had GBP levels between 2 and 10 microg/ml, 14.8% were below 2 microg/ml and 12.7% above 10 microg/ml. The mean+/-S.E. of GBP in 283 @entity1 was 5.38+/-0.23 microg/ml. Peak concentrations of more than 15 microg/ml and trough levels as low as 0.1 microg/ml were not uncommon. The method described was rapid, simple, highly sensitive and reproducible. Other antiepileptic drugs and endogenous compounds did not interfere with the assay.

title: Rapid high-performance liquid chromatographic determination of serum XXXX .

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures']

entities_list: @entity2682 :: ('MESH:C040029', 'Chemical') :: ['Gabapentin']

answer: @entity2682 :: (MESH:C040029,Chemical) :: ['gabapentin']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Kingella kingae, though part of the normal upper respiratory tract and genitourinary tract, is increasingly being recognized as an important @entity1 pathogen. During the past decade, it has emerged as a significant pathogen in the pediatric age group primarily causing @entity2259 and @entity281 . @entity281 usually occurs in individuals who are severely immunocompromised and most @entity281 have taken the form of @entity295 or @entity5414 . @entity2259 due to K. kingae has been reported as the immediate cause of @entity204 in @entity1 with @entity791 . CASE PRESENTATION: We present a microbiologically confirmed @entity293 with K. kingae in an immunocompetent 45-year-old adult @entity1 with @entity548 and with a history of clots. Her urine was subjected to culture and sensitivity tests. The isolated colonies were identified as K. kingae because of their typical culture characteristics such as long incubation period required for growth, beta-hemolysis, positive oxidase and negative catalase, urease @entity104 , @entity1507 and @entity1792 tests. @entity3397 disc test was positive. They were sensitive to all conventional antibiotics. CONCLUSION: K. @entity281 is a rare occurrence in immunocompetent adults. Very few cases of microbiologically confirmed @entity281 have been reported so far. The isolation of K. kingae from urine sample has rarely been reported. K. kingae isolates are either missed or misinterpreted by clinical microbiologists. Therefore, K. kingae deserves recognition as a pathogen.

title: An adult case of XXXX with Kingella kingae: a case report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'woman']

entities_list: @entity791 :: ('MESH:D000163', 'Disease') :: ['acquired immunodeficiency syndrome']

entities_list: @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['septicemia']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['post-menopausal bleeding']

entities_list: @entity5414 :: ('MESH:D001170', 'Disease') :: ['septic arthritis']

entities_list: @entity1507 :: ('CHEBI:48107', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrate']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['Adult infection', 'osteoarticular infections', 'kingae infection', 'infections']

entities_list: @entity3397 :: ('MESH:D010400', 'Chemical') :: ['Penicillin G']

entities_list: @entity2259 :: ('MESH:D016470', 'Disease') :: ['bacteremia', 'Bacteremia']

entities_list: @entity293 :: ('MESH:D014552', 'Disease') :: ['urinary tract infection']

answer: @entity293 :: (MESH:D014552,Disease) :: ['urinary tract infection']


abstract: The incidence of common @entity66 , such as type 1 @entity6 , @entity565 , and @entity1593 , is increasing. Although this is usually attributed to environmental factors, it is possible that this rising incidence also has a genetic basis. The hypothesis is put forth that, in the past, these diseases, with their increased morbidity and mortality, were selected against. In contrast to monogenic diseases, the incidence of @entity66 can be reduced by selection against susceptibility alleles of any of the genetic loci necessary for disease to occur. In different isolated populations, different disease susceptibility loci may have been selected against. Parents who derive from different isolated populations in which there are inversely different susceptibility allele frequencies because of selection or genetic drift, would be expected to have offspring with an increased risk for that @entity66 . It is shown mathematically that the incidence of a hypothetical @entity66 increases under these circumstances. The increased risk in these offspring results from a kind of @entity74 in which they have inherited a more complete set of susceptibility alleles at all susceptibility loci than is carried by either of their parents. Hallmarks of this hypothesized phenomenon would be increased heterozygosity for specific population markers (whether susceptibility alleles or not) among the disease-affected offspring and a paucity of such heterozygotes among their parents. The parents and @entity1 would also be expected to give more evidence of ethnic or subethnic disparity than that observed in controls.

title: XXXX : a hypothetical basis for increasing incidence.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1593 :: ('MESH:D002446', 'Disease') :: ['gluten-sensitive enteropathy']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['polygenic diseases', 'polygenic disease']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity565 :: ('MESH:D001249', 'Disease') :: ['bronchial asthma']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['genetic complementation']

answer: @entity74 :: (MESH:D030342,Disease) :: ['Mendelian inheritance of polygenic diseases']


abstract: To identify genes induced during macrophage activation, a cDNA library was prepared from cultures of the RAW 264.7 @entity19 macrophage cell line that had been treated with conditioned medium from mitogen-stimulated spleen cells, and the cDNA library was screened by differential plaque hybridization. Eleven cDNA clones, designated CRG-1 through CRG-11, corresponding to mRNA species inducible in RAW 264.7 cells by the spleen cell conditioned medium, were isolated. Inductions were not blocked by @entity1880 . All of the mRNAs were inducible by gamma interferon, and some were also inducible by alpha and beta interferons, by lipopolysaccharide, by @entity1359 , and by the @entity460 ionophore @entity3365 . Sequencing of the cDNAs revealed that CRG-1, CRG-3, and CRG-5 are cDNAs of recently identified transcription factors @entity35432 , and LRF-1 respectively. As previously reported, @entity15369 and @entity12426 ( @entity12426 ) encode new members of the platelet factor 4 family of cytokines. CRG-6 corresponds to a new member of a family of interferon-inducible genes clustered on @entity19 chromosome 1, CRG-9 corresponds to a @entity3009 synthase homolog, CRG-8 corresponds to @entity12812 , and CRG-4 corresponds to @entity27943 . CRG-11 contains sequences of a truncated L1Md repetitive element as well as nonrepetitive sequences. The nonrepetitive sequence of CRG-11 as well as the sequences of CRG-7 are not closely related to published sequences. The CRG genes and proteins are of interest because of their involvement in macrophage activation, because of their roles as mediators of the effects of gamma interferon and other pleiotropic agents, and because of their usefulness as tools for studying the signal pathways through which gamma interferon and other inducers exert their effects on gene and protein expression.

title: A collection of mRNA species that are inducible in the RAW 264.7 XXXX macrophage cell line by gamma interferon and other agents.

entities_list: @entity1880 :: ('MESH:D003513', 'Chemical') :: ['cycloheximide']

entities_list: @entity1359 :: ('CHEBI:37537', 'Chemical') :: ['phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate']

entities_list: @entity3009 :: ('CHEBI:26333', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandin']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: CONTEXT: Volatile anaesthetics may have direct cardioprotective properties due to effects similar to ischaemic preconditioning and postconditioning. Clinical results in cardiac surgery @entity1 are controversial and may be related to the timing of administration of anaesthetics intraoperatively. OBJECTIVE: We hypothesised that the cardioprotective effect of @entity2614 in coronary bypass graft surgical @entity1 would be greater if administration during anaesthesia continued in the ICU for at least 4 h postoperatively until weaning from mechanical ventilation. DESIGN: Double-blind, double-dummy, prospective, randomised and controlled clinical trial. SETTING: In a single centre between June 2006 and June 2007. @entity1 : Seventy-five adult @entity1 were assigned randomly to receive anaesthesia and postoperative sedation either with @entity1875 (control, n = 37) or @entity2614 (n = 36). INTERVENTIONS: Myocardial biomarkers were measured before surgery, at the time of admission to the intensive care unit and at 6, 24, 48 and 72 h. The need for inotropic support, and lengths of stay in the intensive care unit and hospital were also recorded. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Elevation of myocardial biomarkers was the primary endpoint. The secondary endpoints were haemodynamic events and lengths of stay in the intensive care unit and hospital. RESULTS: Necrosis biomarkers increased significantly in the postoperative period in both groups with no significant differences at any time. Inotropic support was needed in 72.7 and 54.3% of @entity1 in the @entity1875 and @entity2614 groups, respectively (P = 0.086). There were no significant differences in haemodynamic variables, incidence of @entity943 , @entity296 or and lengths of stay in the ICU and hospital between the two groups. CONCLUSION: In @entity1 undergoing coronary bypass graft surgery, continuous administration of @entity2614 as a sedative in the ICU for at least 4 h postoperatively did not yield significant improvements in the extent and time course of myocardial damage biomarkers compared to @entity1875 .

title: Cardioprotective effect of @entity2614 and XXXX during anaesthesia and the postoperative period in coronary bypass graft surgery: a double-blind randomised study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial ischaemia']

entities_list: @entity1875 :: ('MESH:D015742', 'Chemical') :: ['propofol']

entities_list: @entity2614 :: ('MESH:C009250', 'Chemical') :: ['sevoflurane']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmias']

answer: @entity1875 :: (MESH:D015742,Chemical) :: ['propofol']


abstract: PURPOSE: To study the prognostic factors of @entity957 (BMSCC) with negative surgical margins. @entity1 AND METHODS: Forty-five untreated negative marginal cases were studied for predictors of recurrence, cervical @entity1600 , and survival. Clinicopathologic features included age, gender, duration of @entity5 , @entity5 ( @entity5 ) classification, pathologic clinical stage, @entity5 differentiation, @entity5 thickness, number of mitoses, and @entity2617 . RESULTS: The recurrence and @entity3 rate was 40% and 44.4%, respectively. With univariate analysis, the predictors of recurrence were @entity5 classification, @entity5 differentiation, pathologic clinical stage, and @entity2617 . Average @entity5 thickness was greater than 5.68 mm. For cervical @entity1600 , the predictors include @entity5 classification, @entity5 differentiation, and @entity2617 . Tumor thickness was greater than 5.17 mm; number of mitoses was greater than @entity2194 ( @entity2194 ). With logistical regression, only @entity5 thickness was the predictor of recurrence. @entity5 classification and @entity5 thickness were the predictors for cervical @entity1600 . Using Cox multivariate proportional hazards regression model, the survival disadvantage factors were @entity5 classification and recurrence. The hazard grand for @entity5 classification was 2.185; for recurrence it was 74.808. CONCLUSIONS: Because @entity5 classification (between T1+T2 and T3+T4) and @entity5 thickness (more than 5.17 mm) were the predictors for cervical @entity1600 , neck dissection should be carried out routinely in T3 and T4 @entity1 ; whereas for T1 and T2 @entity1 , neck dissection is necessary if @entity5 thickness is greater than 5.17 mm. @entity5 classification and recurrence are predictive factors for survival.

title: Prognostic predictors of XXXX with negative surgical margins.

entities_list: @entity2194 :: ('MESH:D005128', 'Disease') :: ['HPF', '2.92/high power field']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'T', 'primary tumor']

entities_list: @entity2617 :: ('MESH:D017254', 'Disease') :: ['lymphocytic infiltration']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma of the buccal mucosa']

entities_list: @entity1600 :: ('MESH:D014388', 'Disease') :: ['lymph node metastasis']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity957 :: (MESH:D002294,Disease) :: ['squamous cell carcinoma of the buccal mucosa']


abstract: To investigate the role that @entity299 play in the early @entity204 frequently seen in the @entity7440 , two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiograms from 31 newborn @entity1 with cytogenetic confirmation of these syndromes seen at one institution over a 4.5 year period (1983 to 1988) were reviewed. The mean age at echocardiography was 1.5 days, and the median age at @entity204 was 14 days. Significant @entity848 was present in 58%. @entity299 that would be considered lethal within the neonatal period were present in only 19% of @entity1 . The most common lesions were @entity118 (81%), @entity1757 (61%) and @entity2461 (85%). Most @entity1757 and @entity2461 were large. @entity340 of one or more valves, graded as mild in most cases, was found in 68%, but was not associated with Doppler evidence of significant regurgitation or @entity850 in any subject. Of the four valves, the pulmonary valve, followed by the tricuspid valve, was the most commonly @entity6349 . Doppler evidence suggestive of @entity8577 (low velocity bidirectional flow across the @entity1757 and @entity2461 ), although expected, was accompanied by greater than normal mean right ventricular cavity and free wall dimensions in these @entity1 . Thus, although the @entity299 most frequently encountered in @entity7440 are nonlethal, the combined findings of frequent @entity848 and increased right ventricular dimensions suggest that other factors such as @entity120 , perhaps related to maldevelopment of the pulmonary vasculature, may contribute to early @entity204 in some of these @entity1 .

title: Echocardiographic evaluation of the spectrum of @entity299 associated with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

entities_list: @entity6349 :: ('MESH:D004416', 'Disease') :: ['dysplastic']

entities_list: @entity1757 :: ('MESH:D006345', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular septal defects', 'ventricular septal defect']

entities_list: @entity8577 :: ('MESH:D065627', 'Disease') :: ['elevated pulmonary artery pressure']

entities_list: @entity2461 :: ('MESH:D004374', 'Disease') :: ['patent ductus arteriosus']

entities_list: @entity120 :: ('MESH:D006976', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary hypertension']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['Cardiac anomalies', 'cardiac anomalies']

entities_list: @entity118 :: ('MESH:D006344', 'Disease') :: ['atrial septal defect']

entities_list: @entity340 :: ('MESH:D006349', 'Disease') :: ['Valvular dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity7440 :: ('MESH:C580500', 'Disease') :: ['trisomy 13 and the trisomy 18 syndromes', 'trisomy 13 and trisomy 18']

entities_list: @entity848 :: ('MESH:D003490', 'Disease') :: ['cyanosis']

answer: @entity7440 :: (MESH:C580500,Disease) :: ['trisomy 13 and trisomy 18']


abstract: PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Individuals with @entity1252 ( @entity1252 ) have an increased susceptibility to certain types of @entity5 . Given concerns focused on this issue, we present a review of this important topic. RECENT FINDINGS: In @entity1893 ( @entity1893 ), a several-fold increased risk is seen in @entity1252 versus the general population. It has long been suspected that immunosuppressive drugs play a role in this risk, but there may be other important driving factors as well. @entity1252 activity may itself heighten the risk of @entity706 like @entity1252 . @entity2 risk also is increased in @entity1252 ; smoking appears to drive this risk. Additionally, cervical @entity1141 risk is increased in @entity1252 , particularly with immunosuppressive drug exposure. An altered clearance of @entity5 -related viral agents in @entity1252 (due to the disease and/or immunosuppression) may contribute to this risk and may also drive the risk for other @entity5 (such as @entity96 ) in @entity1252 . On the positive side, one new and significant finding is that @entity1252 @entity1 seem to have a decreased risk of certain nonhematologic @entity5 (breast, ovarian, endometrial, and prostate). SUMMARY: Though much has been learnt so far regarding the risk in @entity1252 , much yet remains unknown.

title: Systemic lupus and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma in diseases']

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['vulvovaginal and hepatic carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['Lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity1252 :: ('MESH:D008180', 'Disease') :: ['SLE', 'systemic lupus erythematosus', 'Lupus disease']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ['NHL', 'non-Hodgkin lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['dysplasia']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['malignancies']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We used Andersen's behavioral model of healthcare utilization to assess the relationship between sociodemographic, physical and psychosocial factors, and @entity4373 ( @entity4373 ) use among @entity1118 @entity1 . Three practitioner-based alternative therapies were considered: acupuncture, biofeedback/relaxation training, and manipulation services. DESIGN: A retrospective analysis of self-reported clinical data with 5,750 black and white adults presenting for initial assessment between 1994 and 2000 at the University of Michigan Multidisciplinary Pain Center was performed. RESULTS: @entity4373 therapies were used in high frequencies, with 34.7% users. Specifically 8.3% used acupuncture, 13.0% used biofeedback/relaxation, and 24.9% used manipulation techniques. Race and age were predisposing factors associated with @entity4373 use. Blacks used less biofeedback/relaxation and manipulation services than whites. Aging was related to more acupuncture, but less biofeedback/relaxation use. @entity1 marginally used more biofeedback/relaxation services than @entity1 , and education was positively associated with all three @entity4373 use. Perceived @entity158 control was a consistent enabling factor positively correlated with the use of all three @entity4373 services. Among need factors, @entity158 characteristics and physical health were positively associated with at least one of the modalities. @entity308 were not related to @entity4373 services use. CONCLUSION: This study identifies variable patterns of @entity4373 usage based on sociodemographic and health factors in @entity1118 @entity1 . Overall, who uses @entity4373 depends on the modality; however, education, @entity158 severity, and @entity158 duration are persistent correlates of @entity4373 usage regardless of the therapy considered. We found that mental health, as measured by depressive symptoms, had no noticeable impact on @entity4373 usage among @entity1118 @entity1 . The clinical, policy, and research implications of @entity4373 use are discussed.

title: Predictors of complementary and alternative medicine use in @entity1118 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Women', 'men']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depressive symptoms']

entities_list: @entity4373 :: ('MESH:C536589', 'Disease') :: ['CAM', 'Complementary and Alternative Medicine']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: The initiation of DNA replication starts from origins and is controlled by a multiprotein complex, which involves about twenty protein factors. One of the important factors is hetrohexameric minichromosome maintenance (MCM2-7) protein complex which is evolutionary conserved and functions as essential replicative helicase for DNA replication. Here we report the isolation and characterization of a single subunit of @entity3587 @entity21212 protein complex, the MCM6. The deduced @entity535 (827) sequence contains all the known canonical @entity21212 motifs including @entity219 finger, @entity21212 specific Walker A and Walker B and @entity369 finger. The purified recombinant protein contains @entity855 -dependent 3'-5' DNA helicase, @entity855 -binding and ATPase activities. The helicase activity was stimulated by replication fork like substrate and anti-MCM6 antibodies curtail all the enzyme activities of MCM6 protein. In vitro it self-interacts and forms a homohexamer which is active for DNA helicase and ATPase activities. The complete protein is required for self-interaction as the truncated MCM6 proteins were unable to self-interact. Western blot analysis and in vivo immunostaining followed by confocal microscopy showed the localization of MCM6 both in the nucleus and cytosol. These findings provide first direct evidence that single subunit MCM6 contains DNA helicase activity which is unique to plant MCM6 protein, as this activity was only reported for heteromultimers of @entity21212 proteins in animal system. This discovery should make an important contribution to a better understanding of DNA replication in plants.

title: A single subunit MCM6 from XXXX forms homohexamer and functions as DNA helicase.

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity369 :: ('CHEBI:29016', 'Chemical') :: ['arginine']

answer: @entity3587 :: (3888,Species) :: ['pea']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIM: We conducted a systematic review and economic analysis to ascertain the efficacy of eradication therapy in the treatment of @entity1534 positive @entity10189 . METHODS: Comprehensive search of electronic databases, bibliographies of retrieved articles, contact with pharmaceutical companies, and experts in the field to identify published and unpublished literature from 1966 to the present. The data were incorporated into a Monte Carlo simulation Markov model that incorporated all the uncertainty in the estimates to evaluate cost-effectiveness. RESULTS: Fifty-two trials were included in the final metaanalysis. In duodenal @entity1066 , @entity1534 eradication therapy was superior to @entity1066 drug (relative risk (RR) of @entity1066 persisting = 0.66; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.58 to 0.76) and no treatment (RR = 0.37; 95% CI 0.26 to 0.53). In gastric @entity1066 , @entity1534 eradication therapy was not statistically superior to @entity1066 drug (RR = 1.32; 95% CI = 0.92 to 1.90). In preventing duodenal @entity1066 recurrence, @entity1534 eradication therapy was not statistically superior to maintenance therapy with @entity1066 drug (RR of @entity1066 recurring = 0.73; 95% CI = 0.42 to 1.25), but was superior to no treatment (RR = 0.19; 95% CI = 0.15 to 0.26). In preventing @entity2275 , @entity1534 eradication was superior to no treatment (RR = 0.31; 95% CI 0.19 to 0.48). The Markov model suggested @entity1534 eradication is cost-effective for duodenal @entity1066 over 1 year and gastric @entity1066 over 2 years with over 95% confidence despite the uncertainty in the data. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1534 eradication therapy reduces the recurrence of @entity10189 and is cost-effective.

title: Eradication therapy in XXXX positive @entity10189 : systematic review and economic analysis.

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulcer', 'ulcer healing']

entities_list: @entity10189 :: ('MESH:D010437', 'Disease') :: ['peptic ulcer disease']

entities_list: @entity2275 :: ('MESH:D013276', 'Disease') :: ['gastric ulcer recurrence']

answer: @entity1534 :: (210,Species) :: ['Helicobacter pylori']


abstract: Probiotics are usually isolated from the gastrointestinal tract of @entity1 and animals. The search of probiotics in @entity1 milk is a recent field of research, as the existence of the @entity1 milk microbiome was discovered only about a decade ago. To our knowledge, no reports regarding the potential probiotic effect of bacteria from @entity1707 milk have been published. In this work, we isolated several @entity880 bacteria from @entity1707 milk and evaluated them for them potential as probiotics. Among the isolated strains, @entity20201 TUCO-5E showed antagonistic effects against @entity1707 -associated gastrointestinal pathogens. TUCO-5E was able to reduce the growth of enterotoxigenic and enterohemorrhagic @entity526 strains as well as pathogenic salmonella. In vitro exclusion and displacement assays in intestinal epithelial cells showed a remarkable antagonistic effect for @entity20201 TUCO-5E against Salmonella sp. strain TUCO-I7 and @entity11621 ATCC 13096. Moreover, by using a @entity19 model of @entity5746 , we were able to demonstrate that preventative administration of @entity20201 TUCO-5E for 5 consecutive days was capable of decreasing the number of @entity2491 in the liver and spleen of treated @entity19 , compared with the controls, and prevented dissemination of the pathogen to the blood stream. Therefore, we have demonstrated here that @entity1707 milk is an interesting source of beneficial bacteria. In addition, the results of this work suggest that @entity20201 TUCO-5E is a good candidate to study in vivo the protective effect of probiotics against @entity281 and damage induced by @entity5746 in the porcine host.

title: Isolation of @entity880 bacteria from XXXX milk and characterization of potential probiotic strains with antagonistic effects against @entity1707 -associated gastrointestinal pathogens.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human']

entities_list: @entity2491 :: ('90371', 'Species') :: ['Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium']

entities_list: @entity11621 :: ('28901', 'Species') :: ['Salmonella enterica']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal infection']

entities_list: @entity20201 :: ('28038', 'Species') :: ['Lactobacillus curvatus', 'L. curvatus']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactic acid']

entities_list: @entity5746 :: ('MESH:D012480', 'Disease') :: ['Salmonella infection']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

answer: @entity1707 :: (9823,Species) :: ['swine']


abstract: @entity786 (CY) @entity1370 may be a lethal complication of bone marrow transplantation. Previous echocardiographic studies have reported that left @entity67 due to CY occurs in over 50% of @entity1 undergoing transplantation. To evaluate the @entity1370 of new dosing protocols that included twice-daily rather than once-daily CY, 44 bone marrow transplantation @entity1 were prospectively evaluated with serial ECGs and echocardiograms. Twenty-six @entity1 received a once-daily lower-dose protocol (mean total 87 +/- 11 mg/kg), and 18 @entity1 received a twice-daily higher-dose (mean total 174 +/- 34 mg/kg) CY regimen. In the higher-dose CY group, significant reductions in summed ECG voltage (-20%) (P less than .01) and increases in left ventricular mass index (LVMI) (+10%) (P less than .05) were detected in the first week following therapy. These changes resolved by the third week following CY and were significantly greater than the changes noted in the lower-dose group. However, left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) did not change significantly in either group. Five @entity1 developed clinical @entity1370 (four, @entity2396 ; one, @entity712 ); four of the five @entity1 were in the higher-dose group (P = .14). Only a prior history of @entity712 or a baseline EF less than 50% was an independent correlate of clinical @entity1370 (P less than .05). Thus, dose-dependent @entity1370 following the use of CY for bone marrow transplantation is evident as reversible decreases in ECG voltage and increases in left ventricular mass, possibly reflecting @entity296 or @entity548 . However, @entity299 is much less common with these new twice-daily dosing regimens when compared with earlier studies of high-dose once-daily CY.

title: XXXX @entity1370 in bone marrow transplantation: a prospective evaluation of new dosing regimens.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial edema']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity2396 :: ('MESH:D010493', 'Disease') :: ['pericarditis']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['Cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['systolic dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1370 :: ('MESH:D066126', 'Disease') :: ['cardiotoxicity']

answer: @entity786 :: (MESH:D003520,Chemical) :: ['Cyclophosphamide']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of contrast-enhanced gray scale transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) for detection of @entity263 in peripheral zone @entity75 of the prostate. METHODS: The study involved 66 @entity1 with peripheral zone @entity75 detected by TRUS. The lesions were evaluated with contrast-enhanced TRUS to differentiate @entity263 from benign lesions, and the results were compared with color Doppler ultrasonographic findings. RESULTS: Transrectal ultrasonographically guided biopsy of the @entity75 revealed @entity263 in 30 @entity1 and benign @entity4623 in 36. Flow signals within the lesions were classified as no, increased, equal, and decreased flow compared with surrounding peripheral zone tissue as follows: 1, 16, 12, and 1, respectively, in the @entity263 group and 10, 12, 10, and 4 in the benign disease group. If we considered an increased flow signal within a @entity1897 as a sign of @entity263 , color Doppler ultrasonography had low sensitivity and specificity (55.2% and 53.8%, respectively). The enhancement intensity within the lesions was classified as no, increased, equal, and decreased enhancement compared with surrounding peripheral zone tissue as follows: 2, 20, 3, and 5 in the @entity263 group and 14, 8, 4, and 10 in the benign disease group. The difference was statistically significant (P<.05). Thus, the peak enhancement intensity would be the optimal parameter for discriminatory performance (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, 0.74; 95% confidence interval, 0.60-0.88). CONCLUSIONS: Contrast-enhanced TRUS could reveal the presence of vasculature within peripheral zone @entity75 more objectively than color Doppler ultrasonography and could be promising in guidance of prostate biopsy.

title: Peripheral zone XXXX of the prostate: evaluation with contrast-enhanced gray scale transrectal ultrasonography.

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['hypoechoic lesions']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral hypoechoic lesion']

entities_list: @entity4623 :: ('MESH:D011469', 'Disease') :: ['prostatic diseases']

answer: @entity75 :: (MESH:D001927,Disease) :: ['hypoechoic lesions']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3918 type 1 ( @entity6045 ) is known to affect mainly the musculoskeletal system. Early mortality is related to @entity1576 and possibly additional @entity65 . AIMS: To identify possible @entity65 that could predict survival of @entity6045 @entity1 . METHODS: We studied 30 @entity6045 @entity1 (mean age 41 +/- 13.5 years, range 16-71, 15 @entity1 ) who were cardiovascularly stable and compared them with 29 controls (mean age 55 +/- 7.8 years, range 42-66, 14 @entity1 ) using electrocardiography (ECG) and conventional transthoracic echocardiography. The subgroup that survived a follow-up period of 17 years was re-examined using the same protocol. RESULTS: Of the 30 @entity1 , 10 died of a documented respiratory cause and three of acute myocardial incidents. Compared with controls, left ventricular cavity size, corrected to body surface area, was slightly enlarged at end systole (P < 0.05) and hence fractional shortening was reduced (P < 0.01). Nine @entity1 had first-degree @entity616 and 15 had a QRS duration >90 ms. Of all ECG and echocardiographic measurements, the sum of QRS duration + PR interval was the best predictor of mortality as shown by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 85%, sensitivity of 70% and specificity of 84%. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that silent @entity299 in @entity6045 @entity1 may cause significant disturbances that over time result in serious complications. Regular follow-up of such @entity1 with detailed electrical and mechanical cardiac assessment may suggest a need for early intervention that may avoid early mortality in some.

title: Profound cardiac conduction delay predicts XXXX type 1.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory disease']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity3918 :: ('MESH:D009223', 'Disease') :: ['Myotonic dystrophy']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disturbances', 'cardiovascular complications']

entities_list: @entity616 :: ('MESH:D006327', 'Disease') :: ['heart block']

answer: @entity3918 :: (MESH:D009223,Disease) :: ['mortality in myotonic dystrophy']


abstract: One hundred seventeen consecutive @entity1 with @entity583 transferred from the coronary care unit to a progressive coronary care unit were monitored by electrocardiographic radiotelemetry for a median of five days for @entity943 detection. Eighty @entity1 (68%) had @entity943 ; 37 @entity1 (32%) had none. Almost all @entity943 were detected by the sixth day of monitoring. Thirty-nine @entity1 (33%) had @entity1540 , two @entity1 had primary @entity1165 , one @entity1 had primary @entity2224 , and two @entity1 had secondary @entity2224 . An additional @entity1 was successfully resuscitated after monitoring had been discontinued. Four (3%) of 117 @entity1 had a potentially lethal @entity943 treated successfully, three while being monitored. Twenty-five of the @entity1 (21%) had 33 episodes of treatment intervention because of telemetrically detected events. Five @entity1 (4%) died, all of unpreventable causes. No @entity1 died because of an @entity943 . We conclude that telemetry is feasible and practical in detecting @entity943 . It is clear that potentially fatal @entity943 do occur following transfer from the coronary care unit and that monitoring is, therefore, desirable.

title: Electrocardiographic radiotelemetry in the early recuperative period of @entity583 . Its value in detecting XXXX in the setting of a progressive coronary care unit.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity2224 :: ('MESH:D014693', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity1540 :: ('MESH:D018879', 'Disease') :: ['premature ventricular contractions']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['acute myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrythmia', 'ventricular arrhythmias', 'arrhythmias', 'arrhythmia']

answer: @entity943 :: (MESH:D001145,Disease) :: ['arrhythmias']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In Brazil it is mandatory to screen donors for @entity1 @entity465 virus (HIV) antibodies using two immunoassays (IAs) in parallel. Confirmatory testing is performed only on reactive donors who return for counseling. The goal of this analysis was to determine if concordant IA reactivity accurately predicts @entity281 and can be used for @entity645 incidence and/or prevalence analyses. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: We reviewed @entity645 screening and confirmatory results obtained for 307,407 donations in the first year of the REDS-II study in Brazil (2007) and for 2,304,755 donations collected from 1996 to 2006 in one of the REDS-II sites (S  o Paulo, Brazil). RESULTS: In the S  o Paulo site, 11,410 (0.50%) @entity645 IA-reactive donations were discarded, but only 2095 (0.09%) were reactive to both IAs. Western blot was positive on 1002 (48%) dual-IA-reactive donors who returned for counseling. Only four @entity645 -infected donors were detected who had been missed at screening by one of the IAs; all occurred before 2002. The positive predictive value ( @entity2286 ) of dual-IA reactivity varied from 45.8 to 100%, with 80% to 90% PPVs when using IAs from different manufacturers. If both assays yielded signal-to-cutoff (S/C) values of 3.0 or more, PPVs ranged from 91% to 99%, with approximately 99% sensitivity for true @entity645 seropositivity. CONCLUSION: Parallel testing of all donations has limited efficacy when highly sensitive IAs are used. Reactivity by two sequential IAs is useful for prevalence studies if the assays are from different manufacturers and especially if high S/C values are considered.

title: Performance of parallel screening of Brazilian blood donors with two XXXX @entity465 virus immunoassays: implications for sequential immunoassay testing algorithms in other countries.

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity465 :: ('MESH:D007153', 'Disease') :: ['immunodeficiency']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: Vertebrate embryonic hematopoiesis is a complex process that involves a number of cellular interactions, notably those occurring between endothelial and blood cells. The @entity3392 cloche mutation affects both the @entity1583 and endothelial lineages from an early stage (Stainier, D. Y. R., Weinstein, B. M., Detrich, H. W. R., Zon, L. I. and Fishman, M. C. (1995) Development 121, 3141-3150). cloche mutants lack endocardium, as well as head and trunk endothelium, and nearly all blood cells. Cell transplantation studies have revealed that the @entity4007 in cloche is cell-autonomous: wild-type cells can form endocardium in mutant hosts, but mutant cells never contribute to the endocardium in wild-type or mutant hosts. In this paper, we analyze the cell-autonomy of the @entity1503 in cloche. The blood cell deficiency in cloche mutants could be an indirect effect of the endothelial defects. Alternatively, cloche could be required cell-autonomously in the blood cells themselves. To distinguish between these possibilities, we cotransplanted wild-type and mutant cells into a single wild-type host in order to compare their respective @entity1583 capacity. We found that transplanted wild-type cells were much more likely than mutant cells to contribute to circulating blood in a wild-type host. Furthermore, in the few cases where both wild-type and mutant donors contributed to blood in a wild-type host, the number of blood cells derived from the wild-type donor was always much greater than the number of blood cells derived from the mutant donor. These data indicate that cloche is required cell-autonomously in blood cells for their differentiation and/or proliferation. When we assessed early expression of the erythropoietic gene @entity4061 in transplant recipients, we found that mutant blastomeres were as likely as wild-type blastomeres to give rise to @entity4061 -expressing cells in a wild-type host. Together, these two sets of data argue that cloche is not required cell-autonomously for the differentiation of red blood cells, as assayed by @entity4061 expression, but rather for their proliferation and/or survival, as assayed by their contribution to circulating blood. In addition, we found that transplanted wild-type cells were less likely to express @entity4061 in a mutant environment than in a wild-type one, suggesting that cloche also acts non-autonomously in red blood cell differentiation. This non-autonomous function of cloche in red blood cell differentiation may reflect its cell-autonomous requirement in the endothelial lineage. Thus, cloche appears to be required in erythropoiesis cell non-autonomously at a step prior to @entity4061 expression, and cell-autonomously subsequently.

title: Cell-autonomous and non-autonomous requirements for the XXXX gene cloche in hematopoiesis.

entities_list: @entity4007 :: ('MESH:D004694', 'Disease') :: ['endocardial defect']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['blood defect']

entities_list: @entity1583 :: ('MESH:D019337', 'Disease') :: ['hematopoietic']

answer: @entity3392 :: (7955,Species) :: ['zebrafish']


abstract: A 2-yr study was conducted in South Carolina @entity3505 fields to describe spatial and temporal dynamics of stink bugs sampled with sweep nets. In 2008, the main phytophagous species were Euschistus servus (Say) (35.8, 36.7%), Oebalus pugnax (F.) (35.0, 6.0%), @entity23021 L., (15.2, 46.3%), and Thyanta custator (F.) (14.0, 10.5%) for adults and nymphs, respectively. In 2009, the main phytophagous species were O. pugnax (39.8, 37.8%), E. servus (38.4, 30.0%), @entity23021 (14.6, 29.5%), and T. custator (6.8, 2.8%). chi(2) goodness-of-fit tests indicated that all species (both adults and nymphs) had observed distributions that did not match the Poisson distribution. Indices of dispersion (I(D )) across sampling dates were significantly >1 for all species and life stages, also suggesting a nonrandom distribution. Slopes of Taylor's power law were significantly greater (P < 0.05) than a value of 1 for only adult O. pugnax and nymph T. custator. Coefficients beta of patchiness regressions were significantly >1 in all cases except for E. servus adults and T. custator nymphs. The inverted distance weighted interpolation method showed considerable levels of spatial variability in densities within fields. Sampling along the edge of fields showed a significant distance from field border effect (P < 0.05) on all adults in both years except for @entity23021 . High densities in @entity3505 adjacent to a susceptible crop such as @entity4336 suggests that localized control methods in @entity3505 may be effective in mitigation of stink bugs and damage in @entity4336 .

title: Spatial and temporal patterns of stink bugs (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity23021 :: ('85310', 'Species') :: ['N. viridula', 'Nezara viridula']

answer: @entity3505 :: (4565,Species) :: ['wheat']


abstract: @entity1162 ( @entity1162 ) is a rodent model of post @entity21825 that is comprised of serial application of restraint (r), forced swim (fs), and @entity4543 (eth) followed by a 7-day quiescent period. @entity1162 induces @entity6112 and it is believed that these deficits are caused by the combined stressful effect of serial exposure to r, fs, and eth. However, this hypothesis remains untested. Neurobiological mechanisms by which @entity1162 induces @entity6112 are unknown, but @entity1162 enhances @entity4738 ( @entity4738 ) expression in the hippocampus, which is critical for contextual modulation of extinction retrieval. Upregulation of GRs in extinction circuits may be a mechanism by which @entity1162 induces @entity6112 , but this hypothesis has not been examined. In this study, we systematically altered the stressors that constitute @entity1162 (i.e. r, fs, eth), generating a number of partial @entity1162 (p- @entity1162 ) groups, and observed the effects @entity1162 and p-SPSs had on extinction retention and @entity4738 levels in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex (PFC). PFC GRs were assayed, because regions of the PFC are critical for maintaining extinction. We predicted that only exposure to full @entity1162 would result in @entity6112 and enhance hippocampal and PFC GR levels. Only exposure to full @entity1162 induced @entity6112 . Hippocampal and PFC GR expression was enhanced by @entity1162 and most p-SPSs, however hippocampal @entity4738 expression was significantly larger following the full @entity1162 exposure than all other conditions. Our findings suggest that the combined stressful effect of serial exposure to r, fs, and eth results in @entity6112 . The results also suggest that simple enhancements in @entity4738 expression in the hippocampus and PFC are insufficient to result in @entity6112 , but raise the possibility that a threshold-enhancement in hippocampal @entity4738 expression contributes to @entity1162 -induced @entity6112 .

title: Glucocorticoid receptors and XXXX in the single prolonged stress model.

entities_list: @entity6112 :: ('MESH:D016055', 'Disease') :: ['extinction retention deficits']

entities_list: @entity4738 :: ('2908', 'Gene') :: ['glucocorticoid receptor', 'GR']

entities_list: @entity21825 :: ('MESH:D040921', 'Disease') :: ['traumatic stress disorder']

entities_list: @entity1162 :: ('MESH:D008133', 'Disease') :: ['Single prolonged stress', 'SPS']

answer: @entity6112 :: (MESH:D016055,Disease) :: ['extinction retention deficits']


abstract: Clinical trials with highly-active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) have shown that a substantial number of @entity1 continue to show a decrease in viral load and/or increase or stable @entity404 (+) T-cell numbers even in the presence of multidrug resistant (MDR) viruses. We compared replication capacity (RC) and expression of anti-apoptosis marker genes (AAMGs) in @entity1 peripheral blood mononuclear (PBM) cells infected with NL4-3 (wild-type; @entity7097 ) and mutant viruses. Replication kinetics assays showed a significant decrease in RC of all mutant viruses in @entity778 . The viruses containing @entity1 -derived MDR RT without the @entity22207 mutation (PSD5.2) replicated efficiently in comparison to the viruses with MDR RT containing the @entity22207 mutation (PSD5.1), or the single mutations @entity22207 and @entity19899 . Compared with @entity7097 , a significant decrease in RCs of viruses: @entity22207 (RC=0.39  0.02; p <=0.0001), @entity19899 (RC=0.72  0.04; p <=0.0001), PSD5.1 (RC=0.32  0.04; p <=0.0001), and PSD5.2 (RC=0.90  0.04; p=0.002) was observed on day 10. RT-PCR-based apoptosis array was performed on total cellular RNA. Recombinant virus PSD5.2 showed a 1.5- to 6-fold upregulation in 8 AAMGs ( @entity584 , @entity5266 , @entity1938 , @entity21444 , @entity1839 , @entity27207 , @entity19003 , and @entity1182 ) on day 1 and day 7 post-infection with respect to @entity778 . PSD5.1 showed upregulation of only one gene ( @entity3274 ) on day 1 (1.75-fold) and day 7 (1.97-fold). Point mutant @entity22207 showed a 1.5- to 4-fold upregulation of six AAMGs on day 7. Viruses with the @entity19899 mutation showed upregulation of only one gene ( @entity3274 ). These observations indicate that the upregulation of specific AAMGs may not be dependent on the RCs of @entity645 -I variants, and that the possible interaction among mutated RT residues and viral and/or host proteins may induce @entity404 (+) T-cell-protective anti-apoptosis proteins.

title: Replication-independent expression of anti-apoptosis marker genes in XXXX peripheral blood mononuclear cells infected with the wild-type HIV-1 and reverse transcriptase variants.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity778 :: ('MESH:D015658', 'Disease') :: ['WT virus', 'comparison to the WT virus']

entities_list: @entity22207 :: ('p|SUB|K|65|R', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['K65R']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIM: The psychological changes and physiological limitations during @entity15 ( @entity15 ) disease diminish the social relations. Consequently, losing social supports leads to more physical and @entity532 . Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the @entity1295 in @entity15 @entity1 . METHODS: This study was a descriptive-analytic which randomly selected 46 @entity1 with @entity15 . The @entity1 evaluated through demographic information, standard modified social support scale, @entity1295 severity scale, modified @entity1295 impact scale, and @entity1295 descriptive scale. Gathered data analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical Pearson's correlation coefficient. RESULTS: Mean score for variables were as following: Fatigue severity 4/3    1/6, perceived @entity1295 34/6    19/5, quality of @entity1295 62    3/9, and social support 65/6    23/1, respectively. According to the Pearson statistical test, there was signification association between social support with @entity1295 severity (P = 0.002 and r = -0.474), @entity1295 perception (P = 0.001 and = -0.478), and @entity1295 perception sub-scales, i.e. physical (P = 0.005, r = -0.432), cognitive (P = 0.003, r = -0.0457), and psychosocial (P = 0.009, r = -0.341), respectively. However, there was not significant relationship between social support and @entity1295 quality (P = 0.59). CONCLUSION: According to the results of current study, all aspects of social support can impact @entity1295 symptoms in @entity15 @entity1 . Therefore, it is suggested to develop educational programs for caregivers of @entity1 to improve the mental and physical quality of life of @entity1 .

title: Social Support in Relation to Fatigue Symptoms Among @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity532 :: ('MESH:D003925', 'Disease') :: ['psychological complications such as fatigue syndromes']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['MS', 'multiple sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity1295 :: ('MESH:D005221', 'Disease') :: ['relationship of social support and fatigue syndromes', 'fatigue']

answer: @entity15 :: (MESH:D009103,Disease) :: ['Multiple Sclerosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Both matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) have been implicated in the process of @entity2295 . Here we show that the @entity73 in @entity19 lacking @entity1235 is related to a defect in EPC functions in vasculogenesis. METHODS AND RESULTS: Hindlimb @entity63 surgery was conducted in @entity1235 (-/-) @entity19 and wild-type ( @entity1235 (+/+)) @entity19 . Blood flow recovery was markedly impaired in @entity1235 (-/-) @entity19 when compared with that in wild-type @entity19 as determined by laser Doppler imaging. Flow cytometry demonstrated that the number of EPC-like cells ( @entity17776 / @entity11132 (+)) in peripheral blood increased in wild-type @entity19 after hindlimb @entity63 surgery and exogenous vascular endothelial growth factor stimulation, but not in @entity1235 (-/-) @entity19 . Plasma levels and bone marrow concentrations of soluble Kit-ligand (sKitL) were significantly elevated in wild-type @entity19 in response to tissue @entity63 , but not in @entity1235 (-/-) @entity19 . C-kit positive bone marrow cells of @entity1235 (-/-) @entity19 have attenuated adhesion and migration than those isolated from wild-type @entity19 . In in vitro studies, incubation with selective @entity1235 inhibitor suppressed the colony formation, migration, and tube formation capacities of EPC. Transplantation of bone marrow cells from wild-type @entity19 restored collateral flow formation in @entity1235 (-/-) @entity19 . CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that @entity1235 deficiency impairs @entity63 -induced @entity2295 , and these effects may occur through a reduction in releasing the stem cell-active cytokine, and EPC mobilization, migration, and vasculogenesis functions.

title: XXXX is essential for @entity63 -induced @entity2295 by modulating bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells.

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['impaired neovascularization']

entities_list: @entity2295 :: ('MESH:D015861', 'Disease') :: ['neovascularization']

answer: @entity1235 :: (17395(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['Matrix metalloproteinase-9']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recent pharmacokinetic studies have demonstrated that proton pump inhibitors (PPI) reduce exposure of @entity3442 . However, the clinical significance of this drug-drug interaction on transplantation outcomes has not been determined. METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study in kidney transplant recipients who were prescribed rabbit antithymocyte globulin, @entity9909 , @entity618 , and @entity230 . We evaluated the impact of PPI use on the 1-year rates of biopsy-proven acute rejection (BPAR). RESULTS: Two hundred thirteen @entity1 who were prescribed PPI were compared with 384 @entity1 who were on standard acid-suppressive therapy with @entity5616 . BPAR occurred in similar rates in both groups (15% vs. 12%; P=0.31). In a multivariable analysis, black race was associated with a higher risk of rejection (risk ratio [RR], 2.38; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.41-4.03). While controlling for rejection risk factors, PPI exposure was associated with an increased risk of rejection in black @entity1 (RR, 1.93; 95% CI, 1.18-3.16) but not in non-black @entity1 (RR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.19-1.49). At 1 year, BPAR type, BPAR grade, @entity1 and graft survival, graft function, and time to BPAR were not associated with PPI exposure. CONCLUSION: In this retrospective study, PPI use in the first transplant year was associated with an increased risk for BPAR in black @entity1 but not in non-black @entity1 . It is possible that a reduction in @entity3442 exposure contributed to the increased risk.

title: Concomitant proton pump inhibitors with XXXX and the risk of rejection in kidney transplant recipients.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3442 :: ('MESH:D009173', 'Chemical') :: ['mycophenolic acid']

entities_list: @entity9909 :: ('23523', 'Gene') :: ['calcineurin inhibitor']

entities_list: @entity618 :: ('MESH:C063008', 'Chemical') :: ['mycophenolate mofetil']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity5616 :: ('MESH:D011899', 'Chemical') :: ['ranitidine']

answer: @entity618 :: (MESH:C063008,Chemical) :: ['mycophenolate mofetil']


abstract: @entity243 ( @entity243 ) are characterized by t(12;16)(q13;p11) translocation and expression of @entity19957 - @entity3726 chimeric oncoprotein. However, the molecular functions of @entity19957 - @entity3726 have not been fully understood. On the other hand, microRNAs (miRNAs) comprise an abundant class of endogenous small non-coding RNAs that negatively regulate the expression of their target genes, and are involved in many biological processes. It is now evident that dysregulation of miRNAs is an important step in the development of many @entity5 . To our knowledge, however, there have been no reports of the miRNAs involved in @entity32489 and development. In this study, we have found that @entity22077 expression was repressed in @entity19957 - @entity3726 -expressed NIH3T3 fibroblasts and @entity32489 tissues, and exogenous overexpression of @entity22077 repressed growth of @entity32489 cells. Thus, downregulation of @entity22077 may be an important process for @entity32489 . In addition, we have identified @entity2289 ( @entity2289 ) as a novel target gene of @entity22077 . @entity2289 is a unique type of @entity563 protease inhibitor and is known to be one of the key regulators of @entity5 invasion and @entity3 . Furthermore, knockdown of @entity2289 by a specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) inhibited growth of @entity32489 cells, suggesting that increased expression of @entity2289 by @entity22077 repression is critical for survival of @entity32489 cells. Collectively, these results suggest a novel essential molecular mechanism that @entity19957 - @entity3726 activates @entity2289 expression by repression of @entity22077 expression in @entity32489 and development.

title: @entity19957 - @entity3726 represses @entity22077 expression, inducing upregulation of a @entity3 regulator XXXX in human @entity243 .

entities_list: @entity32489 :: ('MESH:C537466', 'Disease') :: ['MLS tumorigenesis', 'MLS']

entities_list: @entity2289 :: ('5054', 'Gene') :: ['plasminogen activator inhibitor-1', 'PAI-1']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancers']

entities_list: @entity243 :: ('MESH:D018208', 'Disease') :: ['MLSs', 'Myxoid liposarcomas']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity563 :: ('CHEBI:17822', 'Chemical') :: ['serine']

answer: @entity2289 :: (5054,Gene) :: ['PAI-1']


abstract: The clinical significance and subsequent management of the various types of @entity453 ( @entity453 ) are different, as is the relationship to @entity944 , @entity453 , and @entity741 . A practical global classification based on clinical significance has not yet been proposed. This retrospective study was aimed at evaluating the current clinical significance of @entity453 and the effectiveness of a clinical-significance-based classification. In a single-center retrospective study at a public hospital, a review of the last 5,100 coronary angiographies was performed in order to select @entity1 with @entity453 . The @entity453 were classified into 4 categories on the basis of a literature review according to angiographic appearance and clinical significance: benign (class I); relevant-associated with fixed @entity741 (class II); severe-related to @entity944 (class III); and critical-associated with superimposed @entity453 ( @entity453 ) (class IV). Clinical and instrumental records of the selected @entity1 were reviewed as well as the occurrence of @entity65 from the date of diagnosis to July 2002. Sixty-two @entity1 (1.2%, @entity1 / @entity1 20/42, mean age 65.3 +/-10.6 years) had CAA on coronary angiography. From the above-described classification, 40 @entity1 were categorized in class I (64.5%), 9 in class II (14.5%), 7 in class III (11.3%), and 6 in class IV (9.7%). During the follow-up (mean duration 60.4 +/-12.3 months) most @entity65 and @entity204 occurred in class III and IV @entity1 (71.3% and 100% respectively). A high correlation was found between significance level and percentage of @entity1 with @entity65 (r = 0.99). Actuarial survival at 5 years was 82.9%. @entity453 can be practically classified on the basis of clinical presentation and significance. This clinical classification may be useful in managing @entity1 with @entity3386 and personalizing their follow-up and therapeutic options according to their class and case histories.

title: Validation of a clinical-significance-based classification of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity944 :: ('MESH:D003645', 'Disease') :: ['sudden death']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial ischemia']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery anomalies', 'CAD', 'CAAs', 'coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular events']

answer: @entity453 :: (MESH:D003324,Disease) :: ['coronary artery anomalies']


abstract: This experiment was undertaken to study the effect of @entity519 and/or @entity63 on developing brain and also to investigate the pathogenesis of @entity2806 . A unilateral common carotid artery of 7-day-old Sprague-Dawlay @entity35 was ligated and cut under ether inhalation. Three hours after the operation, these @entity35 were exposed to @entity519 (8% @entity26 and 92% @entity1568 mixture) for two hours. Three days after manipulation, @entity528 on the ligated hemisphere were recognized in 50% in the cortex, 66.7% in the hippocampus, 66.7% in the corpus striatum and 33.3% in the thalamus. Various sizes and degrees of @entity39 regions were found in the cerebral cortex. In some cases, cuffs of radially arranged viable neurons alternating with stripes of full-depth @entity39 of the cortex were noticed. In the hippocampus, @entity528 was found segmentally at the pyramidal cell layer. In the corpus striatum and the thalamus, the damage consisted of small focal or multifocal @entity528 . After four and eight weeks of the manipulation, a large porencephalic cavity in the cerebral cortex of the ligated side was noticed as the severest manifestation in 16% of the cases. In some cases, multiple lobulation similar to poly-microgyrus was noticed. Various sizes of @entity5219 were also numerous in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, corpus striatum and thalamus of the ligated side hemisphere. @entity75 were also occasional in the basal ganglia.

title: [Experimental study on pathogenesis of neonatal XXXX . I. Histopathological study].

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic condition']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrotic', 'necrosis']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['Calcified lesions']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxic', 'hypoxia']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['neuronal necrosis']

answer: @entity2806 :: (MESH:D002545,Disease) :: ['hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Electrogastrography (EGG) is the noninvasive recording of gastric myoelectrical activity. The purpose of the present study was to assess associations of EGG with risk factors for @entity65 ( @entity65 ), autonomic nervous function, hormonal responses, and health-related lifestyles. METHODS: EGG was measured in 435 Japanese @entity1 , aged 24-39 years, who worked at the same company. In addition to anthropometric measurements and blood examinations, power spectral analysis of heart rate variability in low-frequency (LF; 0.04-0.15 Hz) and high-frequency (HF; 0.15-0.40 Hz) bands was conducted. LF/HF and HF were used as the indicators of sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous activity, respectively. Serum @entity701 and @entity2922 levels were measured as well. RESULTS: In univariate analyses, the EGG frequency was associated positively with the serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and @entity165 level (both-P < 0.0001) and negatively with age, body mass index (BMI), serum @entity412 level, fasting @entity551 (all P < 0.05). The EGG frequency tended to increase with increases in the HF band (P = 0.10) and was not significantly associated with the LF/HF ratio (P = 0.45). Neither hormonal responses nor health-related lifestyle factors such as smoking and @entity167 were significant (all P > 0.05). A multivariate analysis indicated that both the HDL @entity165 level and BMI were independent predictors of EGG frequency (both P < 0.05), after adjusting for the significant effects of age, HF, and other @entity65 factors. CONCLUSIONS: Slowed EGG frequency appeared to be linked with various @entity65 risk factors, including @entity28 and low HDL @entity165 levels, in young @entity1 .

title: Gastric electrical activity and cardiovascular risk factors in relation to autonomic nervous function, hormonal responses, and health-related lifestyles in young XXXX .

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity2922 :: ('CHEBI:33567', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamine']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['blood sugar, and diastolic blood pressure']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['CVD', 'cardiovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['men']


abstract: CONTEXT: Thyroid hormone therapy to enhance @entity353 in @entity28 during caloric deprivation and to improve morbidity and mortality in adults with @entity221 remains controversial. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review evaluating effectiveness and risks of T(3) and/or T(4) therapy in these populations. DATA SOURCES: Electronic databases and reference lists were searched. STUDY SELECTION: Studies with comparable control groups comparing T(3) and/or T(4) therapy to placebo in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or prospective observational studies were selected. DATA EXTRACTION: Three reviewers performed serial abstraction. DATA SYNTHESIS: During caloric deprivation of obese subjects, T(3) therapy decreased serum TSH and T(4) concentrations. Consistent effects of T(3) or T(4) on @entity353 , @entity1131 , metabolic rate, and heart rate could not be established. In euthyroid cardiac @entity1 , T(3) decreased TSH and free T(4) levels, without consistent effects of T(3) or T(4) on heart rate, cardiac output, or systemic vascular resistance. Mortality increased 3.3-fold with T(4) therapy in @entity810 @entity1 , whereas an effect in @entity299 , and burn @entity1 could not be established. Equivalence testing indicated that larger RCTs are required to determine whether thyroid hormone therapy alters end-points in @entity28 or @entity221 . LIMITATIONS: Numbers of usable unique studies were small, numbers of @entity1 in each study were inadequate, end-points were variable, few RCTs were performed, and study quality of non-RCTs was poor. CONCLUSIONS: Available data are inconclusive regarding effectiveness of thyroid hormone therapy in treating @entity28 or @entity221 , whereas data support that such therapy induces @entity1378 .

title: Thyroid hormone therapy for @entity28 and XXXX : a systematic review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity1131 :: ('MESH:D011488', 'Disease') :: ['protein breakdown']

entities_list: @entity1378 :: ('MESH:D006980', 'Disease') :: ['subclinical hyperthyroidism']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['acute renal failure']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac, critically ill']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['nonthyroidal illnesses']

answer: @entity221 :: (MESH:D005334,Disease) :: ['nonthyroidal illnesses']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The majority of published studies about @entity1271 are related to the control and prevention of @entity1271 , with particular emphasis on eliminating predisposition factors. The objective of the current study was to determine the role of teat morphology as an important factor in the aetiology of @entity1271 . DESIGN: Ultrasonographic measurements were taken from 190 teats from 100 dairy @entity291 of different breeds. PROCEDURE: @entity1271 in @entity291 was diagnosed by the California @entity1271 Test (CMT) and microbiological tests. The data were evaluated in the light of the clinical history of the animals. RESULTS: Main effects of breed on teat diameter at the position of the Furstenberg rosette ( @entity4943 ) and teat @entity5562 ( @entity5562 ), that of age on @entity4943 and @entity5562 ( @entity5562 ), and that of CMT score on @entity5562 and @entity5562 were significant (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Number of lactations, pregnancy, the lactation period and the udder lobe (rear, front) were not found to have a significant effect on any of the measurements. Results showed that @entity5562 was significantly smaller (1.44 +/- 0.04 cm) (P < 0.01) in @entity1315 than that in @entity1315 . No difference was detected in canal length, @entity5562 , teat wall thickness, @entity5562 or @entity4943 between the @entity1315 . CONCLUSION: The occurrence of @entity1271 could be related to specific ultrasonographic teat measurements (e.g. @entity5562 , @entity5562 and @entity4943 ) and these may be important in the breeding of @entity291 with a predisposition to @entity1271 , as well in the evaluation of in-herd @entity291 in terms of udder/teat deformities.

title: Relationship between California @entity1271 Test score and ultrasonographic teat measurements in dairy XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5562 :: ('MESH:D015875', 'Disease') :: ['cistern diameter', 'overall teat diameter', 'OTD', 'CD']

entities_list: @entity1315 :: ('MESH:D004833', 'Disease') :: ['CMT-negative lobes', 'CMT-positive udder lobes', 'CMT-positive and -negative lobes']

entities_list: @entity1271 :: ('MESH:D008413', 'Disease') :: ['Mastitis', 'mastitis']

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['cows']