abstract: We attempted to establish a microscopy based @entity5 characterization providing insight into the genetics of @entity5 cells and in particular their DNA ploidy. The core classification defined semi-quantitative criteria for scoring the nuclear size ranging from small (core score 1) to giant nuclei (core score 4). By listing all nuclear sizes according to their relative frequencies it provided a measure for core size variability as a correlate of nuclear pleomorphism. Additionally, the mitosis size, their variability and the presence/abundance of tripolar and tetrapolar mitoses were determined. This classification was applied to 155 @entity2 samples from all major histologic types and the results were correlated with the analysis by DNA image cytometry and @entity1 survival. The morphological assessments correlated highly significantly with the DNA ploidy parameters, e.g. @entity151 showed the smallest values for nuclear size (mean core score of 1.18) and DNA content (DNA index mean of 2.08c) being highly significantly different from @entity420 (1.95/3.10c), @entity2 (2.00/3.26c) and @entity957 (2. @entity19 .42c). In @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) in general and @entity420 in particular, the core size variability correlated significantly with grading and survival. Furthermore, parameters indicative for chromosomal variability, i.e. 2c deviation index and 5c exceeding rate, were predictors of poor survival in @entity1149 @entity1 . As a complement to histologic @entity5 diagnosis the core classification should help to better stratify @entity5 subtypes.

title: Core classification of XXXX : correlating nuclear size and mitoses with ploidy and clinicopathological parameters.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['large cell lung carcinoma', 'lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity151 :: ('MESH:D055752', 'Disease') :: ['small cell lung carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinomas', 'adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['lung cancer']


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: An analysis of the incidence of @entity1512 after lumbar disc surgery in 1642 @entity1 . In 508 @entity1 no prophylactic antibiotics were given. In 1134 @entity1 a collagenous sponge containing @entity801 was placed in the cleared disc space. OBJECTIVES: To report the incidence of @entity86 in cases in which no antibiotic prophylaxis was used, and to define the value of a collagenous sponge containing @entity801 in preventing @entity281 . SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: @entity1512 is considered to be a rare complication of lumbar disc surgery. The retrospective design of most studies and the rare use of magnetic resonance imaging for early radiologic diagnosis suggest that the reported incidence rates may be underestimates. @entity86 is the result of intraoperative contamination and, theoretically, could be prevented by treating these @entity1 with prophylactic antibiotics. METHODS: In 1642 @entity1 , 1712 discectomies were performed. In 508 of these @entity1 no prophylactic antibiotics were given; in 1134 of these @entity1 a collagenous sponge containing @entity801 was placed in the cleared disc space. Clinical reexamination and, in cases of unsatisfactory results, laboratory and radiologic investigations were performed 4-8 weeks after surgery. RESULTS: In nineteen of the 508 @entity1 who were not treated with antibiotic prophylaxis (3.7%) a @entity86 developed, whereas none of the 1134 @entity1 who received antibiotic prophylaxis became symptomatic (P < 0.00001). CONCLUSION: In the current study, a 3.7% incidence of @entity86 was found in the absence of prophylactic antibiotics. @entity801 -containing collagenous sponges placed in the cleared disc space were effective in preventing @entity86 .

title: XXXX after lumbar discectomy. Incidence and a proposal for prophylaxis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity801 :: ('MESH:D005839', 'Chemical') :: ['gentamicin', 'Gentamicin']

entities_list: @entity1512 :: ('MESH:D015299', 'Disease') :: ['Spondylodiscitis', 'spondylodiscitis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['disc space infections']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative spondylodiscitis', 'postoperative spondylodiscitis']

answer: @entity1512 :: (MESH:D015299,Disease) :: ['Spondylodiscitis']


abstract: A rare case of multiple traumatic @entity439 , arising from the @entity6128 (ACA), associated with a @entity21 is presented. An 18-year-old male sustained a frontal @entity130 in a traffic accident on February 19, 1988. He immediately lost @entity1662 and was transported to a local hospital where his Glasgow @entity772 Scale score was 6. A computed tomographic scan showed a traumatic @entity510 extending from the corpus callosum to the left parietal lobe. With conservative treatment, he gradually regained @entity1662 and was referred to our hospital 12 days later. Skull x-rays revealed no @entity174 . A right common carotid angiogram revealed multiple @entity384 on the right distal ACA. A left frontoparietal craniotomy was then performed to determine the nature of the @entity384 , and to evacuate the @entity1779 because his right @entity1269 persisted. Two @entity384 on the distal ACA were tightly surrounded by clots and a @entity1410 extended from the corpus callosum to the parietal lobe. The ACA was trapped proximal and distal to the @entity384 . The postoperative course was uneventful.

title: XXXX associated with multiple traumatic @entity439 of the @entity6128 --case report.

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['subarachnoid hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity1269 :: ('MESH:D010291', 'Disease') :: ['hemiparesis']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysmal dilatations', 'aneurysmal dilatation']

entities_list: @entity6128 :: ('MESH:D020243', 'Disease') :: ['distal anterior cerebral artery']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms']

entities_list: @entity21 :: ('MESH:D001480', 'Disease') :: ['diffuse axonal injury']

entities_list: @entity1662 :: ('MESH:D003244', 'Disease') :: ['consciousness']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['intracerebral hematoma']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['impact injury']

answer: @entity21 :: (MESH:D001480,Disease) :: ['Diffuse axonal injury']


abstract: Several large-scale clinical trials have shown that lipid-lowering interventions are associated with reduced coronary events and mortality. However, whether @entity2299 have a detrimental effect on the evolution of @entity583 ( @entity583 ) is still unknown. To examine whether @entity2299 can aggravate @entity296 following @entity583 , 165 @entity1 with a first @entity583 were studied. All @entity1 underwent measurements of serum lipid profiles 1 week and 3 months after @entity583 , a radionuclide ventriculographic study, and a coronary angiographic study. The @entity1 were divided into 3 groups according to their 3-month serum @entity165 levels (group 1, <200 mg/dl; group 2, 200 to 240 mg/dl; group 3, >240 mg/dl). Groups 1, 2, and 3 consisted of 66, 59, and 40 @entity1 , respectively. Group 3 had a higher Gensini score than groups 1 and 2, although this was not statistically significant (p = 0.13). The postinfarct @entity1002 ( @entity1002 ) was highest in group 1 (53 +/- 13%), at mid level in group 2 (43 +/- 14%), and lowest in group 3 (35 +/- 11%) (p < 0.0001). A significant negative correlation between 3-month low-density lipoprotein (LDL) @entity165 (r = -0.55, p < 0.0001) and the postinfarct @entity1002 was found. The product of peak @entity908 kinase (CK(MAX)) and time to CK(MAX) (p = 0.001), and patency of the @entity1188 (p = 0.009), rather than variables of @entity453 , were also independent predictors of the postinfarct @entity1002 . Increases in 1-week LDL @entity165 and decreases in 1-week high-density lipoprotein @entity165 were associated with a higher CK(MAX) and a lower patency rate of the @entity1188 , respectively. This study revealed that @entity2299 per se, especially LDL @entity165 , had a detrimental effect on the postinfarct @entity1002 ; this effect might be independent of the atherogenic properties of @entity2299 .

title: @entity2299 have a detrimental effect on left ventricular systolic function in @entity1 with a first XXXX .

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial vulnerability']

entities_list: @entity2299 :: ('MESH:D050171', 'Disease') :: ['dyslipidemias']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular ejection fraction', 'LVEF']

entities_list: @entity908 :: ('MESH:D003401', 'Chemical') :: ['creatine']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarct-related artery']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'MI']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['acute myocardial infarction']


abstract: PURPOSES: Study a @entity5 necrosis factor receptor antagonist (etanercept) in the treatment of chronic @entity2194 . SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Eighteen @entity1 with @entity2194 and ongoing @entity32 in the eyes. All @entity1 had received at least 6 months of therapy with @entity1499 and were currently receiving @entity288 . @entity1 were randomized to receive either etanercept, 25 mg subcutaneously twice a week, or placebo in a double-blind randomized trial. Treatment for @entity32 with systemic and local @entity288 at the beginning and end of 6 months of treatment was noted. All @entity1 underwent an ocular examination at the beginning and the end of the study by one ophthalmologist who was unaware of what treatment the @entity1 was receiving. RESULTS: Three of the @entity1 treated with etanercept and one treated with placebo were being treated with lower doses of @entity288 by the end of the study. However, three of the etanercept @entity1 and one of the placebo @entity1 required larger doses of @entity288 by the end of the study. The ophthalmology global assessment improved for two of the etanercept-treated @entity1 and three of the placebo-treated @entity1 . CONCLUSION: For most @entity1 , therapy with etanercept was not associated with a significant improvement in their chronic @entity2194 .

title: Etanercept for refractory XXXX : results of a double-blind randomized trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation', 'ocular inflammation']

entities_list: @entity2194 :: ('MESH:D005128', 'Disease') :: ['ocular disease', 'ocular sarcoidosis']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity2194 :: (MESH:D005128,Disease) :: ['ocular sarcoidosis']


abstract: @entity5 of the soft tissue display a wide spectrum of histologic features and biologic behavior. Flow cytometric DNA analysis was performed on 40 @entity5 , including nine African @entity2826 , nine @entity5426 , seven @entity2698 , six @entity5 , and nine @entity8702 . Six of the nine @entity5426 cases (67%) and one of the seven @entity2698 cases (14%) were @entity2007 . All @entity5 and @entity2826 were diploid. Clinically, five of the six @entity5426 @entity1 with aneuploidy died within 2 to 28 months, while the remaining @entity1 , who had the smallest @entity5 (2 x 1 cm), survived more than 4 years after the initial diagnosis was made. All three @entity5426 @entity1 with diploidy died within 10 to 14 months. One @entity2698 @entity1 with aneuploidy died within 1 month. No cases of @entity5 recurred. These results suggest that most @entity5 , which generally follow a benign clinical course, were diploid and that the majority of those with a poor outcome were @entity2007 . However, flow cytometrically assessed DNA ploidy has no prognostic value in @entity5426 or @entity2698 .

title: Flow cytometric DNA analysis of vascular soft tissue tumors, including African XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2826 :: ('MESH:D012514', 'Disease') :: ["Kaposi's sarcomas", "endemic-type Kaposi's sarcomas"]

entities_list: @entity2007 :: ('MESH:D000782', 'Disease') :: ['aneuploid']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'glomus tumors', 'vascular tumors', 'benign vascular tumors', 'benign tumor', 'Vascular tumors']

entities_list: @entity2698 :: ('MESH:D006393', 'Disease') :: ['hemangiopericytomas', 'hemangiopericytoma']

entities_list: @entity5426 :: ('MESH:D006394', 'Disease') :: ['angiosarcoma', 'angiosarcomas']

entities_list: @entity8702 :: ('MESH:D018324', 'Disease') :: ['capillary hemangiomas']

answer: @entity2826 :: (MESH:D012514,Disease) :: ['endemic-type Kaposi's sarcoma']


abstract: Reduction of large artery distensibility has several adverse consequences for the cardiovascular system. This paper reviews the evidence obtained by measuring distensibility through quantification of changes in arterial diameter versus blood pressure changes at large elastic and middle size muscle artery sites. Evidence is available that arterial distensibility is reduced in conditions as varied as @entity1007 , @entity101 , @entity6 and @entity712 . In some conditions (e.g. @entity101 ) the alterations are not uniformly distributed in arteries of different structure and size whereas in others (e.g. @entity6 and @entity712 ) they are widespread. In @entity6 evidence is available that distensibility changes occur early in the course of the disease. Evidence is also available that in all above conditions treatment can improve arterial distensibility thereby reversing the @entity854 . This appears to be due to a variable combination of structural and functional factors. Technical ability to determine their precise role in distensibility changes in @entity1 is limited, however.

title: Arterial distensibility in XXXX . Modulating mechanisms, alterations in diseases and effects of treatment.

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure', 'heart failure']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity1007 :: ('MESH:D006937', 'Disease') :: ['hypercholesterolemia']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['initial abnormality']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['humans']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 7345 Background: Surgery followed by radiotherapy (XRT) has obtained disappointing results in the treatment of IIIA(N2)-IIIB @entity1149 , while the adoption of neoadjuvant @entity7730 ( @entity7730 ) appears, from clinical studies, able to improve the control of the disease and probably survival in these @entity1 . The combination of @entity900 (C) plus @entity136 (G), represents one of the most widely used treatment for advanced @entity1149 and has been adopted in our institution for the neoadjuvant therapy of @entity1149 . METHODS: @entity1 with locally advanced @entity1149 , received G 1000 mg/sqm on days 1,8 and C 100 mg/sqm on day 8 every 21 days, followed by a radiological evaluation and, in absence of progressive disease, by surgery and/or radiotherapy. When local treatment was not available in a short time, an additional CG course was planned. RESULTS: From July 2000 to July 2003 we have treated a consecutive series of 26 pts: 16 IIIA(N2) / 10 IIIB -20 M / 6 F - median age 63 y, range 49-75 y. The @entity7730 major @entity137 consisted of grade 3-4 @entity1398 and grade 3 @entity391 in 10 and 3 pts respectively. The objective responses consisted of 16 partial responses (61.5%), 3 stable diseases (11.5%), 6 progressions (23%). One @entity1 died after one course of @entity7730 for @entity583 and was not evaluable. Among pts with no progressive disease after @entity7730 , 13 were treated with surgery (plus XRT in 4 cases) and 6 with radiotherapy. The histological specimen of resected pts showed a complete remission in 4 cases, a down staging to stage I-II in 6 and a stage III in 3. After a median follow-up of 7 months (range 1-30 mos), 18 pts are alive and 8 are died; two pts died due to @entity260 . Out of the 4 pts obtaining a pCR, 2 are alive (7 and 27 mos after surgery) and 2 died in the postoperative period due to complications. CONCLUSIONS: Our data, obtained in the context of the clinical practice, appear to confirm the positive impact of the neoadjuvant @entity7730 reported in the literature, in terms of both RR (61.5%) and @entity5 downstaging . A longer follow up however is needed to evaluate any influence on survival. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: Neoadjuvant treatment in the clinical practice of locally advanced XXXX ( @entity1149 ).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity7730 :: ('MESH:D064146', 'Disease') :: ['CT', 'chemotherapy']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['gemcitabine']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: There has been controversy over what is the best angiographic luminal dimension criterion associated with @entity63 for evaluating diagnostic tests. If one assumes that @entity308 or scores are indicators of @entity63 , then whatever angiographic criteria best discriminates those with @entity63 and nonischemic responses would be the best angiographic marker for @entity63 . To study this, we calculated the area under the ROC curves for ST @entity308 and scores at different angiographic cut-points in order to determine the best angiographic cut-point for defining @entity63 -producing @entity301 . METHODS: Twelve hundred and seventy-six consecutive males without prior MI with a mean age of 59 +/- 11 years who had undergone exercise testing and coronary angiography were analyzed in this study. We calculated the number of @entity1 of this population that would be considered to have @entity453 at different cut-points for @entity850 . For example, 59% of the @entity1 had significant CAD when disease was defined as 50% or greater coronary lumen stenosis of any coronary vessel while 49% of the @entity1 had significant CAD when disease was defined as 70% or greater coronary lumen stenosis. Cut-points were considered between 40 to 100% coronary lumen stenosis. ROC analysis was then performed comparing ST @entity308 and treadmill scores at each of these cut-points. RESULTS: The cut-point for coronary lumen stenosis that returned the highest AUC for ST @entity308 and scores was between 70 and 80% @entity3979 . However, the difference between the 50% and 75% luminal stenosis criteria was minimal. CONCLUSION: It appears that the best cut-point for defining significant @entity66 when evaluating diagnostic tests of @entity63 is 75% or greater @entity3979 .

title: What percent luminal stenosis should be used to define angiographic XXXX for noninvasive test evaluation?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['ST-segment depression', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['angiographic disease']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary disease']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia', 'ischemic']

entities_list: @entity3979 :: ('MESH:D023921', 'Disease') :: ['coronary luminal stenosis']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['angiographic luminal stenosis']

answer: @entity453 :: (MESH:D003324,Disease) :: ['coronary artery disease']


abstract: Semen characteristics were studied in 6 wild-born @entity831 with dental ages ranging approximately from 6 to 12 years. The animals formed 2 groups, early pubertal (EP, N = 3, 6-9 years) and late pubertal (LP, N = 3, 11-12 years). Mean body weight, testicular volume and serum @entity342 concentration were significantly lower in Group EP (32.2 +/- 1.6 kg, 34.0 +/- 7.7 cm3, 2.1 +/- 0.1 ng/ml) than in Group LP (55.7 +/- 5.7 kg, P less than 0.01; 100.5 +/- 11.9 cm3, P less than 0.01; 3.6 +/- 0.7 ng/ml, P less than 0.05). Ejaculates were obtained by masturbation in all subjects. The mean ejaculate volume was lower in Group EP (0.56 +/- 0.20 ml) than in Group LP (3.77 +/- 0.73 ml, P less than 0.01). In Group EP, 2 animals were azoospermic while the third produced semen with means of 57.1 x 10(6) spermatozoa per ml, 20% motility and 40% vitality. These values were low when compared with the mean values of Group LP (376 x 10(6) spermatozoa per ml, 67% motility and 78% vitality). Mean total sperm count was correlated with testicular volume (r = 0.84) and serum @entity342 concentration (r = 0.96). The mean concentrations of @entity6211 , @entity948 , @entity1792 and acid phosphatase for the two groups were not significantly different; but, related to the differences in ejaculate volumes, their total amounts in total ejaculate were lower in Group EP than in Group LP. These results suggest that, in @entity831 , mechanisms of seminal plasma production and ejaculation are functional early in the reproductive life and that the emission of spermatozoa occurs later.

title: Cellular and biochemical characteristics of semen obtained from pubertal XXXX by masturbation.

entities_list: @entity6211 :: ('MESH:D002331', 'Chemical') :: ['L-carnitine']

entities_list: @entity948 :: ('MESH:D005632', 'Chemical') :: ['fructose']

entities_list: @entity831 :: ('9598', 'Species') :: ['chimpanzees']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen']

answer: @entity831 :: (9598,Species) :: ['chimpanzees']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether gene expression profiles could serve as biomarkers of symptomatic @entity626 ( @entity571 ) by examining gene expression profiles in peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) from @entity1 with @entity571 compared with those from non- @entity571 controls, and to determine whether candidate genomic biomarkers (PBL expression of inflammatory genes) predict an increased risk of disease progression in @entity1 with symptomatic radiographic knee @entity571 . METHODS: Three independent cohorts of @entity1 with knee @entity571 and non- @entity571 control subjects were studied. Two cohorts (a learning cohort and a validation cohort) were recruited at New York University Hospital for @entity2720 (NYUHJD), and 1 cohort (a validation cohort) was recruited at Duke University Medical Center. PBL gene expression was assessed using Affymetrix microarray and was confirmed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Radiographic progression at 2 years was assessed in 86 @entity1 . RESULTS: We identified 173 genes that were significantly up-regulated or down-regulated (>= 1.5-fold change) in @entity571 PBLs, at a false discovery rate of 5%. Cluster analysis revealed 2 distinct subgroups among the @entity1 with @entity571 : those in whom the expression of @entity1356 ( @entity1356 ) was increased >= 2-fold compared with controls, and those in whom the expression of @entity1356 was comparable with that in controls. Overexpression of @entity1356 in these @entity571 subclasses was validated using qPCR in all 3 cohorts. @entity1 with the inflammatory " @entity1356 signature" had higher @entity158 scores and decreased function and were at higher risk of radiographic progression of @entity571 . CONCLUSION: PBLs from @entity1 with symptomatic knee @entity571 display a characteristic transcriptome profile. Moreover, increased expression of @entity1356 identifies a subset of @entity1 with @entity571 who have increased @entity158 and are at higher risk of radiographic progression of @entity571 .

title: Increased @entity1356 gene expression in peripheral blood leukocytes is associated with increased XXXX and predicts risk for progression of symptomatic @entity626 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity626 :: ('MESH:D020370', 'Disease') :: ['knee osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity2720 :: ('MESH:D007592', 'Disease') :: ['Joint Diseases']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: @entity375 strains that contain null alleles of two hsp70 genes, @entity19714 and @entity37791 , are temperature sensitive for growth. In this study, extragenic suppressors of @entity19714 @entity37791 have been isolated. Suppression is due to mutations at nuclear loci designated @entity60330 , EXA2 and @entity57185 for EXtragenic suppressor hsp70 subfamily A. Two of the four @entity60330 alleles are dominant as is @entity57185 -1. The other two @entity60330 alleles as well as the sole EXA2 allele are recessive. @entity60330 mutations lead to accumulation of a previously uncharacterized form of hsp70. EXA2 and @entity57185 mutations affect the regulation of the stress response. In exa2-1 @entity19714 @entity37791 strains the gene products of the remaining SSA hsp70 genes, @entity36665 and @entity60331 ( @entity36665 ), accumulate to higher levels. The @entity57185 -1 mutation results in increased accumulation of both @entity36665 and the hsp70s encoded by the @entity37789 and @entity37790 genes ( @entity37789 ), suggesting that the @entity57185 gene product plays a central role in the @entity375 stress response. Consistent with this hypothesis, @entity57185 -1 is tightly linked to @entity57185 , the gene encoding the transcriptional regulatory protein known as " @entity1457 factor." All of the genes identified in this study seem to be involved in regulating the expression of @entity36665 and @entity60331 or the activity of their protein products.

title: Isolation and characterization of extragenic suppressors of mutations in the SSA hsp70 genes of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1457 :: ('MESH:D012769', 'Disease') :: ['heat shock']

entities_list: @entity375 :: ('4932', 'Species') :: ['yeast', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae']

answer: @entity375 :: (4932,Species) :: ['Saccharomyces cerevisiae']


abstract: Glomerular mesangial cell proliferation constitutes a frequent pathological alteration in @entity631 . In addition to platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) inflammatory cytokines such as @entity1356 , @entity650 or @entity5 necrosis factor-alpha ( @entity310 ) have been proposed to have mitogenic activity for mesangial cells. A model was therefore established in which @entity1 mesangial cells (HMC) could be reversibly growth-arrested for prolonged times in serum-free medium without suffering irreversible functional or morphological changes. In this model 24 h stimulation with rhPDGF-BB induced an increase of the @entity665 incorporation of 1190 +/- 280 (50 ng/ml) % +/- s.e.m. of medium control. Less growth induction was noted after stimulation with 50 ng/ml rhPDGF-AB (925 +/- 126%) or rhPDGF-AA (575 +/- 24%). Northern analysis confirmed the presence of both alpha- and beta-PDGF receptor subunit mRNA in growth-arrested HMCs. rhIL-1 alpha, rhIL-1 beta, rhTNF-alpha or rhIL-6 at various doses and times, despite increasing cellular @entity1421 -release, did not induce significant proliferation in HMCs. Inhibition of @entity1421 -release did not change the lack of mitogenicity of @entity1356 , @entity310 or @entity650 . @entity650 did not alter the mitogenic response of the cells towards PDGF. In contrast, both @entity1192 and @entity1356 (5 ng/ml) induced a delay but not augmentation of the PDGF growth response. This delay could be reversed by the concomitant addition of recombinant @entity650 or of anti- @entity1356 antibody but not by inhibition of @entity3009 synthesis. High doses of @entity310 suppressed PDGF-induced proliferation. These data suggest that in growth-arrested HMCs inflammatory cytokines have a growth-modulating or -suppressive rather than (co-)mitogenic effect while PDGF-BB and -AB and to a lesser degree PDGF-AA are potent mitogens. The findings support the notion that the control of HMC proliferation in pathological situations depends on a complex network of interacting stimuli.

title: Mitogenic effect of platelet-derived growth factor in XXXX glomerular mesangial cells: modulation and/or suppression by inflammatory cytokines.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity665 :: ('CHEBI:53526', 'Chemical') :: ['3H-thymidine']

entities_list: @entity3009 :: ('CHEBI:26333', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandin']

entities_list: @entity631 :: ('MESH:D005921', 'Disease') :: ['glomerulonephritis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To review cases of uterine @entity397 at a center in northern Ethiopia. METHODS: In a retrospective chart review, data were assessed for cases of symptomatic uterine @entity397 treated at Ayder Referral Hospital in Mekelle between January 1, 2009, and December 31, 2013. RESULTS: In the 5-year study period, there were 5185 deliveries and 47 cases of uterine @entity397 , giving a rate of one case per 110 deliveries. All @entity1 underwent laparotomy for suspected uterine @entity397 . Mean parity was 3.6 (range 0-8). The most common predisposing factors were @entity8893 (35 [74%] @entity1 ), previous cesarean delivery (5 [11%)], and @entity2241 (4 [9%]). Hysterectomy was undertaken for 35 (74%) @entity1 ; the other 12 (26%) were treated conservatively by simple repair of the @entity397 . There were 44 (95%) stillbirths and 1 (2%) maternal @entity204 . CONCLUSION: @entity14853 remains an important clinical problem in northern Ethiopia. Changes in the cultural preference for home delivery, better transport and referral systems, and improved obstetric training and hospital management of laboring @entity1 are needed.

title: XXXX in Mekelle, northern Ethiopia, between 2009 and 2013.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity14853 :: ('MESH:D014597', 'Disease') :: ['Uterine rupture']

entities_list: @entity8893 :: ('MESH:D052178', 'Disease') :: ['cephalopelvic disproportion']

entities_list: @entity2241 :: ('MESH:D005315', 'Disease') :: ['fetal malpresentation']

answer: @entity14853 :: (MESH:D014597,Disease) :: ['Uterine rupture']


abstract: Since January 1990, we have performed 29 isolated lung transplantations in 28 @entity1 with @entity454 (12 single, 16 bilateral). Recipient diagnoses were: @entity1577 (11), @entity1030 (6), @entity3794 (6), eosinophilic @entity2883 (1), postinfectious @entity358 (1), adult @entity649 (1), and @entity120 (2). There have been four deaths, two in @entity1 with @entity3794 and two in @entity1 with @entity120 . Four @entity1 have undergone transplantation while on ventilatory support for @entity1576 (2 with @entity1577 , 1 having redo lung transplantation with @entity1577 , and 1 with adult @entity649 ); all of these have survived. Six @entity1 required cardiopulmonary bypass, which was associated with increased transfusion requirement. All @entity1 2 months after discharge have returned to an active life-style, except for 2 @entity1 who currently await retransplantation. Preoperative pulmonary rehabilitation has resulted in significant improvement in exercise performance in all @entity1 . Immunosuppression consists of @entity205 , @entity500 , and antilymphoblast globulin (University of Minnesota), withholding systemic @entity230 in the early postoperative period. We have employed bronchial omentopexy in all but four transplants; there has been one partial bronchial dehiscence, two @entity17593 requiring internal stenting, and one airway stenosis. @entity2803 has been seen frequently (15 cases), but has responded well to treatment with @entity4540 . Other complication shave included one drug-related prolonged postoperative ventilation, @entity715 of a left lung after bilateral lung transplantation requiring retransplantation, five episodes of unilateral @entity129 after bilateral lung transplantation (4 resolved), and the requirement of massive transfusion (greater than 10 units) in 5 @entity1 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Isolated lung transplantation for XXXX : a viable therapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2803 :: ('MESH:D003586', 'Disease') :: ['Cytomegalovirus disease']

entities_list: @entity129 :: ('MESH:D003389', 'Disease') :: ['phrenic nerve palsy']

entities_list: @entity500 :: ('MESH:D001379', 'Chemical') :: ['azathioprine']

entities_list: @entity649 :: ('MESH:D012128', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory distress syndrome']

entities_list: @entity3794 :: ('MESH:D011658', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity120 :: ('MESH:D006976', 'Disease') :: ['primary pulmonary hypertension']

entities_list: @entity17593 :: ('MESH:D055091', 'Disease') :: ['instances of bronchomalacia']

entities_list: @entity2883 :: ('MESH:D014890', 'Disease') :: ['granulomatosis']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporine']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['lung disease']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory failure']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity4540 :: ('MESH:D015774', 'Chemical') :: ['ganciclovir']

entities_list: @entity1577 :: ('MESH:D003550', 'Disease') :: ['cystic fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage lung disease']

answer: @entity454 :: (MESH:D007676,Disease) :: ['end-stage lung disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: It is not clear how the duration of @entity1729 affects the detection of @entity5 or @entity75 that increase the risk for @entity356 . We investigated whether the length of time spent performing esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) affects the detection of important pathologic features of the stomach. METHODS: We collected data from 837 symptomatic @entity1 , during a 3-month period in 2010, who underwent a first diagnostic EGD at a tertiary university hospital in Singapore. Endoscopists were classified as fast or slow based on the mean amount of time it took them to perform a normal EGD examination. We used logistic regression to compare between groups the numbers of intestinal metaplasias, gastric @entity194 , @entity1141 , and @entity5 detected, using histologic analysis of biopsy samples collected during endoscopy as the standard. RESULTS: Of 224 normal endoscopies, the mean duration was 6.6 minutes (range, 2-32 min). When we used 7 minutes as the cut-off time, 8 endoscopists were considered to have short mean examination times (mean duration, 5.5    2.1 min; referred to as fast endoscopists), and 8 endoscopists were considered to have long mean examination times (mean duration, 8.6    4.2 min; referred to as slow endoscopists). @entity5 and 81 lesions considered to pose risks for @entity5 were detected in 86 @entity1 ; 1.3% were determined to be @entity5 , 1.0% were determined to be @entity1141 , and 8.7% were determined to be intestinal metaplasia and/or @entity356 . Slow endoscopists were twice as likely to detect high-risk lesions as fast endoscopists (odds ratio, 2.50; 95% confidence interval, 1.52-4.12), regardless of whether they were endoscopy staff or trainees. The slow endoscopists also detected 3-fold more @entity1313 ( @entity5 or @entity1141 ; odds ratio, 3.42; 95% confidence interval, 1.25-10.38). CONCLUSIONS: Endoscopists with mean EGD examination times longer than 7 minutes identified a greater number of high-risk gastric lesions than faster endoscopists. Examination time may be a useful indicator of quality assessment for @entity1729 . Studies are required to test these findings in different populations.

title: Longer Examination Time Improves Detection of XXXX During Diagnostic Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['neoplastic lesions']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'cancer', 'Eleven cancers']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['premalignant lesions']

entities_list: @entity194 :: ('MESH:D001284', 'Disease') :: ['atrophies']

entities_list: @entity1729 :: ('MESH:D012141', 'Disease') :: ['upper endoscopy']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer', 'gastric atrophy']

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['dysplasia', 'dysplasias']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['Gastric Cancer']


abstract: To determine the extent to which @entity165 measured in childhood is predictive of values in adulthood, the investigators conducting the second follow-up of the Beaver County Lipid Study tracked the @entity165 values of 295 adults who had initially participated as @entity1 (ages 11 to 14 years) in a countywide school screening program. The follow-up study was conducted 16 years after the initial study, when the @entity1 had reached a mean age of 28 years. The overall correlation (r) between baseline (1972-1973) total @entity165 values and the values found at the present follow-up was 0.44 (p less than 0.0001). @entity1 had a higher correlation (r = 0.51) than @entity1 (r = 0.38). In addition, the efficacy of childhood screening for @entity165 levels was assessed by considering currently recommended borderline values (greater than 175 mg/dl (4.6 mmol/L) for @entity1 and greater than 200 mg/dl (5.2 mmol/L) for adults) as a "positive" test result. The sensitivity of screening at age 12 years for predicting elevated adult total @entity165 concentrations was 63%, specificity was 67%, and the predictive value of a positive test result was 47%. @entity2849 (above the borderline cutoff point as a @entity1 but not as an adult) and false-negative results (below the borderline cutoff point as a @entity1 but above it as an adult) showed that male subjects with false-positive results smoked significantly less than those with false-negative results (p less than 0.05) and had a greater improvement during the preceding 7 years in @entity165 -lowering dietary practices (p less than 0.01). Female subjects with false-positive results smoked significantly less than those with false-negative results (p less than 0.05), were less overweight (p less than 0.05), and had a lower prevalence of oral contraceptive use (p less than 0.01). These results support the potential value of screening for @entity1007 in childhood on a population basis. Although some subjects were misclassified as a result of childhood screening, some of this misclassification was associated with adopting changes that a screening and intervention program would be designed to promote--nonsmoking, weight control, and a prudent diet.

title: XXXX screening in childhood: sixteen-year Beaver County Lipid Study experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'children', 'Women', 'child', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1007 :: ('MESH:D006937', 'Disease') :: ['hypercholesterolemia']

entities_list: @entity2849 :: ('MESH:D017541', 'Disease') :: ['Comparison of false-positive results']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity165 :: (MESH:D002784,Chemical) :: ['Cholesterol']


abstract: OBJECTIVE:: @entity384 ( @entity384 ) is currently accepted as an effective, safe, and first-line treatment of postoperative benign @entity344 (BGAS); however, a limited number of publications on the subject exist in the literature. The aim of the study was to retrospectively evaluate the efficiency of endoscopic dilatation in @entity1 with postoperative intestinal anastomotic stenoses at a single surgical center. METHODS:: @entity1 with postoperative BGAS treated by @entity384 at our institution from February 2008 to 2012 were included. The dilatations were all performed using through-the-scope balloons. The balloon was introduced into the stricture using a guidewire under radiologic guidance. Each dilatation session consisted of 2 to 3 two-minute multistep inflations of the balloon until adequate dilatation was achieved. RESULTS:: Of the 48 @entity1 included in the study, 44 @entity1 (91.7%) fully recovered and 4 (8.3%) did not respond to treatment. The mean follow-up period was 24 months (range, 3 to 57 mo). Four @entity1 who did not respond to the procedure were treated surgically. Two @entity1 (4.1%) with intestinal perforation during @entity384 were treated conservatively with a stent. CONCLUSIONS:: @entity384 has a low rate of complications and a high success rate, is well tolerated, and avoids further surgical procedures for BGAS. Therefore, @entity384 should be the first choice of treatment for postoperative anastomotic stenoses.

title: XXXX as an Effective Treatment for Lower and Upper Benign Gastrointestinal System Anastomotic Stenosis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['EBD', 'Endoscopic balloon dilatation']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal anastomosis stenosis']

answer: @entity384 :: (MESH:D002311,Disease) :: ['Endoscopic Balloon Dilatation']


abstract: Coadministration of @entity4506 reduces the plasma concentrations of @entity9691 and @entity2082 . Because these drugs are metabolized at least in part by @entity5322 ( @entity5322 ), it is possible that @entity4506 induces @entity5322 activity, thereby reducing plasma concentrations of these agents. Known inducers of @entity5322 , such as @entity1215 , @entity3174 , @entity2049 , and @entity109 , increase the urinary excretion of @entity58668 and the ratio of @entity58668 to @entity701 . This evaluation examined the effect of @entity4506 on urinary excretion of @entity58668 and the ratio of @entity58668 to @entity701 as a marker for @entity5322 induction. Urine samples were collected from 11 subjects who completed a study evaluating the effect of multiple-dose administration of @entity4506 400 mg once daily (days 11-20) on the steady-state pharmacokinetics of @entity6838 (0.25 mg daily on days 1-20). A single urine sample was collected at baseline on day 1, and 24-hour urine samples were collected on days 10 and 20. Mean +/- standard deviation 24-hour excretion rate of @entity701 was unchanged, whereas that of @entity58668 increased during @entity4506 administration. The ratio of 24-hour urinary @entity58668 to @entity701 excretion increased from 7.4 +/- 2.7 on day 10 to 16.1 +/- 6.2 on day 20. The ratio observed on day 10 was similar to that obtained at baseline. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that @entity4506 induces @entity5322 activity.

title: Effect of XXXX on urinary excretion of @entity58668 .

entities_list: @entity4506 :: ('MESH:C057693', 'Chemical') :: ['troglitazone']

entities_list: @entity2082 :: ('MESH:D004997', 'Chemical') :: ['ethinyl estradiol']

entities_list: @entity9691 :: ('MESH:D016593', 'Chemical') :: ['terfenadine']

entities_list: @entity3174 :: ('MESH:D010672', 'Chemical') :: ['phenytoin']

entities_list: @entity1215 :: ('MESH:D012293', 'Chemical') :: ['rifampin']

entities_list: @entity109 :: ('MESH:D010634', 'Chemical') :: ['phenobarbital']

entities_list: @entity58668 :: ('MESH:C001380', 'Chemical') :: ['6beta-hydroxycortisol']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity2049 :: ('MESH:D002220', 'Chemical') :: ['carbamazepine']

answer: @entity4506 :: (MESH:C057693,Chemical) :: ['troglitazone']


abstract: A review of the literature shows a very variable mortality, especially after emergency operations for @entity1028 ( @entity1028 ) (14-70%). We therefore analyzed the mortality of our @entity1 in different subgroups. The hospital data of 82 @entity1 operated on for @entity1028 were analyzed retrospectively. 42 @entity1 underwent emergency operations and 40 @entity1 elective surgery. The mean age was 67.5 +/- 9.4 and 70.7 +/- 7.3 years respectively. The overall 30-day mortality in elective cases was 5% (2/40); elective @entity1 under the age of 75 years had a mortality of 0%. 33% of the emergency cases died within 30 days. The mortality in various subgroups was as follows: "asymptomatic @entity1028 " 5.4% (2/37), "symptomatic @entity1028 " 10% (1/10), " @entity397 " 34% (11/32) and "intraperitoneal @entity397 " 66.6% (2/3). Preoperatively 21/42 @entity1 who underwent emergency surgery were in @entity1457 (systolic blood pressure < or = 90 mm Hg). The mortality of these @entity1 was 52% (11/21) compared to 9.5% (2/21), (p < 0.01), in emergency @entity1 without @entity1457 . The causes of @entity204 after emergency procedures were @entity1457 in 6, @entity712 in 4, and @entity881 , @entity1576 , unknown and @entity1151 in 1 each. 5/14 @entity1 died in theatre. Two @entity1 died after elective procedures: one 9 days postoperatively from @entity583 and the second 23 days after the operation from an unknown cause. Reoperation rate after elective and emergency procedures was 7.5% and 16.6% respectively. Mortality after reoperation was 40%.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [ XXXX . Risks and early postoperative course].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity1457 :: ('MESH:D012769', 'Disease') :: ['preoperative shock', 'hypovolemic shock']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary embolism']

entities_list: @entity397 :: ('MESH:D012421', 'Disease') :: ['retroperitoneal rupture', 'rupture']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity881 :: ('MESH:D009102', 'Disease') :: ['multi-organ failure']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity1028 :: ('MESH:D017544', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal aortic aneurysm', 'AAA']

answer: @entity1028 :: (MESH:D017544,Disease) :: ['Abdominal aortic aneurysm']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Internal rotation gait is common among @entity1 with bilateral @entity306 . However, despite bilaterally increased femoral anteversion asymmetric internal rotation gait is often found. @entity2096 ( @entity2096 ) is commonly performed bilaterally. Variable functional outcomes are reported especially in cases with mild internal @entity717 during gait and abnormal preoperative @entity717 . A major question is if a unilateral treatment of the more involved side in asymmetric cases leads to a comparable or even superior outcome. One hundred and nine @entity1 with @entity508 treated with @entity2096 with pre- and 1-year postoperative 3D gait analysis were retrospectively collected. The asymmetry was calculated from the preoperative difference between both limbs in @entity717 obtained by 3D gait analysis. Twenty-eight @entity1 with asymmetry larger than 20   were selected and classified into two groups, according to whether they obtained a unilateral or bilateral @entity2096 . Preoperative clinical examination and pre- and postoperative hip and @entity717 in gait analysis on the more and the less involved side did not differ significantly between both groups. Interestingly, in both groups, @entity717 did not change significantly in less-involved limbs, although intraoperative derotation averaged 25  . After unilateral @entity2096 a significant change in @entity717 resulted, whereas this was not found after bilateral @entity2096 . The results of this study suggest that unilateral @entity2096 in @entity1 with asymmetric internal rotation gait leads to a comparable functional outcome compared to bilateral treatment. Furthermore, it was shown for the first time that considering the asymmetry has a positive effect on @entity717 .

title: Asymmetric pelvic and @entity717 in XXXX with bilateral @entity306 : Uni- or bilateral femoral derotation osteotomy?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity508 :: ('MESH:D009128', 'Disease') :: ['spastic bilateral CP']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['hip rotation', 'pelvic rotation']

entities_list: @entity2096 :: ('MESH:D020428', 'Disease') :: ['Femoral derotation osteotomy', 'FDO']

entities_list: @entity306 :: ('MESH:D002547', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral palsy']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The objective of this study was to evaluate the long-term safety and efficacy of tabalumab, a monoclonal antibody that neutralizes membrane-bound and soluble B-cell-activating factor, in @entity309 ( @entity309 ) @entity1 . METHODS: @entity1 with @entity309 who completed one of two 24-week @entity23 ( @entity23 ) participated in this 52-week, flexible-dose, open-label extension study. @entity1 in RCT1 received intravenous placebo, 30-mg tabalumab or 80-mg tabalumab every 3  weeks, and @entity1 in RCT2 received subcutaneous placebo or 1-, 3-, 10-, 30-, 60- or 120-mg tabalumab every 4  weeks ( @entity57492 ). Regardless of prior treatment, all @entity1 in this study received subcutaneous 60-mg tabalumab Q4W for the first 3  months, then a one-time increase to 120-mg tabalumab Q4W (60-mg/120-mg group) and a one-time decrease to 60-mg tabalumab Q4W per @entity1 was allowed (60-mg/120-mg/60-mg group). RESULTS: There were 182 @entity1 enrolled: 60  mg (n   =   60), 60/120  mg (n   =   121) and 60/120/60  mg (n   =   1). Pretabalumab baseline disease activity was generally higher in the 60-mg/120-mg group. There was a higher frequency of serious adverse events and treatment-emergent adverse events, as well as infections and injection-site reactions, in the 60-mg/120-mg group. One death unrelated to the study drug occurred (60-mg/120-mg group). In both groups, total B-cell counts decreased by approximately 40% from the baseline level in the RCT originating study. Both groups demonstrated efficacy through 52  weeks of treatment relative to baseline pretabalumab disease activity based on American College of Rheumatology criteria improvement >= 20%, >= 50% and >= 70%; European League against @entity627 Responder Index in 28 joints; Disease Activity Score in 28 joints- @entity1851 ; and Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index. CONCLUSIONS: With long-term, open-label tabalumab treatment, no unexpected safety signals were observed, and B-cell reductions were consistent with previous findings. Despite differences in RCT originating studies, both groups demonstrated an efficacy response through the 52-week extension. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00837811 (registered 3 February 2009).

title: A 52-week, open-label study evaluating the safety and efficacy of tabalumab, an anti-B-cell-activating factor monoclonal antibody, for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity627 :: ('MESH:D012216', 'Disease') :: ['Rheumatism']

entities_list: @entity23 :: ('MESH:D007174', 'Disease') :: ['randomized controlled trials', 'RCTs']

entities_list: @entity57492 :: ('p|SUB|Q|4|W', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['Q4W']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

answer: @entity309 :: (MESH:D001172,Disease) :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the surgical techniques for acute @entity1150 ( @entity1150 ) secondary to left @entity1228 ( @entity1228 ). METHODS: Thirty-six @entity1 with acute @entity1150 secondary to @entity1228 received inferior vena cava filter placement, and in 2 of the cases, stent implantation was canceled for acute episode of obsolete @entity11942 . The remaining 34 @entity1 underwent left femoral venotomy for iliofemoral thrombectomy with Fogarty catheter and distal femoral vein thrombus removal by sequential compression of the legs, followed by implantation of stent-graft (2 cases) or bare-metal stents (32 cases) in the left common iliac veins. With routine anticoagulation and thrombolytic treatments, the @entity1 were regularly examined for postoperative blood flow in the affected limb. RESULTS: In 2 of the cases undergoing bare-metal stent implantation, the residue thrombi were squeezed into the stent by balloon, which was managed subsequently with local thrombolysis. One @entity1 with bare-metal stent implantation received a secondary stenting for posterior stent displacement. Three @entity1 had self-limited @entity548 due to decreased serum FBG. Significant improvements were achieved at 3, 6, 30 and 180 days postoperatively in the circumferences of the affected limb (P<0.05) and in the levels of D-dimer (P=0.011), and FBG level showed no significant variations (F=1.163, P=0.345). The total rate of excellent outcomes was 83.3% (26/34) with a total effective rate of 91.2% (31/34) in these cases. CONCLUSIONS: Thrombectomy to revascularize the inflow tract and stent implantation to enlarge stenosed iliac veins are key issues in treatment of acute @entity1150 secondary to @entity1228 .

title: [Hybrid operation for acute left leg XXXX secondary to left @entity1228 : analysis of 36 cases].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity1150 :: ('MESH:D020246', 'Disease') :: ['left deep venous thrombosis', 'LDVT']

entities_list: @entity1228 :: ('MESH:D062108', 'Disease') :: ['IVCS', 'iliac vein compression syndrome']

answer: @entity1150 :: (MESH:D020246,Disease) :: ['deep venous thrombosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Intravenous @entity2379 , with or without @entity4895 , is usually standard therapy for @entity1330 in @entity1 with the @entity791 ( @entity791 ). @entity2380 , an oral @entity10998 agent, represents a promising new approach to the treatment of @entity1330 . METHODS: In a randomized multicenter trial, we compared intravenous @entity2379 with oral @entity2380 as primary therapy for @entity791 -associated @entity1330 . Eligible @entity1 , in all of whom the diagnosis had been confirmed by culture, were randomly assigned in a 2:1 ratio to receive either @entity2380 (200 mg per day) or @entity2379 . Treatment was considered successful if the @entity1 had had two consecutive negative cerebrospinal fluid cultures by the end of the 10-week treatment period. RESULTS: Of the 194 eligible @entity1 , 131 received @entity2380 and 63 received @entity2379 (mean daily dose, 0.4 mg per kilogram of body weight in @entity1 with successful treatment and 0.5 mg per kilogram in @entity1 with treatment failure; P = 0.34). Treatment was successful in 25 of the 63 @entity2379 recipients (40 percent; 95 percent confidence interval, 26 percent to 53 percent) and in 44 of the 131 @entity2380 recipients (34 percent; 95 percent confidence interval, 25 percent to 42 percent) (P = 0.40). There was no significant difference between the groups in overall mortality due to @entity1328 ( @entity2379 vs. @entity2380 , 9 of 63 [14 percent] vs. 24 of 131 [18 percent]; P = 0.48); however, mortality during the first two weeks of therapy was higher in the @entity2380 group (15 percent vs. 8 percent; P = 0.25). The median length of time to the first negative cerebrospinal fluid culture was 42 days (95 percent confidence interval, 28 to 71) in the @entity2379 group and 64 days (95 percent confidence interval, 53 to 67) in the @entity2380 group (P = 0.25). Multivariate analyses identified abnormal mental status (lethargy, somnolence, or obtundation) as the most important predictive factor of a high risk of @entity204 during therapy (P less than 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: @entity2380 is an effective alternative to @entity2379 as primary treatment of @entity1330 in @entity1 with @entity791 . Single-drug therapy with either drug is most effective in @entity1 who are at low risk for treatment failure. The optimal therapy for @entity1 at high risk remains to be determined.

title: Comparison of XXXX with @entity2380 in the treatment of acute @entity791 -associated @entity1330 . The NIAID Mycoses Study Group and the @entity791 Clinical Trials Group.

entities_list: @entity2379 :: ('MESH:D000666', 'Chemical') :: ['amphotericin', 'amphotericin B']

entities_list: @entity2380 :: ('MESH:D015725', 'Chemical') :: ['Fluconazole', 'fluconazole']

entities_list: @entity1330 :: ('MESH:D016919', 'Disease') :: ['cryptococcal disease', 'acute cryptococcal meningitis', 'cryptococcal meningitis']

entities_list: @entity10998 :: ('CHEBI:38597', 'Chemical') :: ['triazole']

entities_list: @entity4895 :: ('MESH:D005437', 'Chemical') :: ['flucytosine']

entities_list: @entity1328 :: ('MESH:D003453', 'Disease') :: ['cryptococcosis']

entities_list: @entity791 :: ('MESH:D000163', 'Disease') :: ['acquired immunodeficiency syndrome', 'AIDS']

answer: @entity2379 :: (MESH:D000666,Chemical) :: ['amphotericin B']


abstract: AIMS: The phrenic nerves may be damaged during catheter ablation of @entity955 . Phrenic nerve function is routinely monitored during ablation by stimulating the right phrenic nerve from a site in the superior vena cava ( @entity6480 ) and manually assessing the strength of diaphragmatic contraction. However the optimal stimulation site, method of assessing diaphragmatic contraction, and techniques for monitoring the left phrenic nerve have not been established. We assessed novel techniques to monitor phrenic nerve function during cryoablation procedures. METHODS AND RESULTS: Pacing threshold and stability of phrenic nerve capture were assessed when pacing from the @entity6480 , left and right subclavian veins. Femoral venous pressure waveforms were used to monitor the strength of diaphragmatic contraction. Stable capture of the left phrenic nerve by stimulation in the left subclavian vein was achieved in 96 of 100 @entity1 , with a median capture threshold of 2.5 mA [inter-quartile range (IQR) 1.4-5.0 mA]. Stimulation of the right phrenic nerve from the subclavian vein was superior to stimulation from the @entity6480 with lower pacing thresholds (1.8 mA IQR 1.4-3.3 vs. 6.0 mA IQR 3.4-8.0, P < 0.001). Venous pressure waveforms were obtained in all @entity1 and attenuation of the waveform was always observed prior to onset of @entity129 . CONCLUSION: The left phrenic nerve can be stimulated from the left subclavian vein. The subclavian veins are the optimal sites for phrenic nerve stimulation. Monitoring the femoral venous pressure waveform is a novel technique for detecting impending @entity16 .

title: Subclavian vein pacing and venous pressure waveform measurement for phrenic nerve monitoring during cryoballoon ablation of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity129 :: ('MESH:D003389', 'Disease') :: ['phrenic nerve palsy']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['phrenic nerve damage']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

answer: @entity955 :: (MESH:D001281,Disease) :: ['atrial fibrillation']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:   No longer considered a single disease entity, @entity0 is being classified into several distinct molecular subtypes based on gene expression profiling. These subtypes appear to carry prognostic implications and have the potential to be incorporated into treatment decisions. In this study, we evaluated patterns of local recurrence (LR), @entity3 ( @entity3 ), and association of survival with molecular subtype in @entity0 @entity1 in the post-adjuvant radiotherapy setting. MATERIAL AND METHODS:   The medical records of 1,088 consecutive, non-metastatic @entity0 @entity1 treated at a single institution between 2004 and 2012 were reviewed. @entity172 / @entity1420 receptors (ER/PR) and @entity1 @entity1722 ( @entity1722 ) enrichment were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. @entity1 were categorized into one of four subtypes: luminal-A (LA; ER/PR+, @entity1722 -, Grade 1-2), luminal-B (LB; ER/PR+, @entity1722 -, Grade > 2), @entity1722 over-expression ( @entity1722 ; ER/PR-, @entity1722 +), and @entity549 ( @entity549 ; ER/PR-, @entity1722 -).   Results:  The median follow-up time was 6.9 years. During the follow-up, 16% (174/1,088) of @entity1 failed initial treatment and developed either LR (48) or @entity3 (126). The prevalence of LR was the highest in @entity549 (12%) and the lowest in LA (2%). Breast or chest wall relapse was the most frequent site (   80%) of recurrence in LA, LB, and @entity1722 subtypes, whereas the regional lymph nodes and chest wall  were the common sites of relapse in the @entity549 group (50.0%). @entity3 rates were 6.4% in LA, 12.1% in LB, 19.2% in @entity1722 , and 27.4% in @entity549 subgroups. Five-year survival rates were 84%, 83%, 84%, and 77% in the LA, LB, @entity1722 and @entity549 subgroups, respectively. There was a statistically significant association between survival and molecular subtypes in an univariate analysis. In the adjusted multivariate analysis, the following variables were independent prognostic factors for survival: T stage, N stage, and molecular subtype. CONCLUSIONS:   Of the four subtypes, the LA subtype tends to have the best prognosis, fairly high survival, and low recurrent or @entity3 rates. The @entity549 and @entity1722 subtypes of @entity0 were associated with significantly poorer overall survival and prone to earlier recurrence and @entity3 . Our results demonstrate a significant association between molecular subtype and survival. The risk of @entity204 and relapse/ @entity3 increases fewfold in @entity549 compared to LA. Future prospective studies are warranted and could ultimately lead to the tailoring of adjuvant radiotherapy treatment fields based on both molecular subtype and the more conventional clinicopathologic characteristics.

title: Pattern of Local Recurrence and Distant XXXX in Breast Cancer By Molecular Subtype.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['Estrogen']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone']

entities_list: @entity549 :: ('MESH:D064726', 'Disease') :: ['triple negative', 'TN']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['DM', 'metastases', 'distant metastasis']

entities_list: @entity1722 :: ('2064', 'Gene') :: ['epidermal growth factor receptor-2', 'HER2']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['Metastasis']


abstract: We investigated histologically wound healing after self-sealing @entity231 surgery, focusing on cell proliferation. A scleral pocket and internal corneal flap were made according to Ernest's method in @entity95 eyes on one side. After phacoemulcification procedure was performed, balanced salt solution (BSS plus) was injected to self-seal the wound (self-sealing group). After the same procedures were performed in the @entity735 , a horizontal 9.0 Nylon suture was placed in the wound (suture group). On various days after operation, the eyes were analyzed by corneal topography and enucleated. The corneo-scleral tissues were labelled with @entity665 (10 microCi/ml) at 37 degrees C for 4 hr in Dulbecco's minimum essential medium, fixed with 4% @entity1604 and subjected to autoradiography. On the first day after operation, the scleral stromal fibroblasts at the scleral side and keratocytes at the corneal side incorporated @entity665 . The @entity665 uptake ratio was the highest on the first day and then gradually decreased. On the seventh day after operation, this incidence was higher in the suture group than in the self-sealing group, possibly due to the influence of the suture. We suggest that the difference in cellular proliferation during wound healing between the two groups might affect late postoperative @entity940 .

title: [Corneoscleral wound healing after self-sealing XXXX surgery--2. Cellular proliferation].

entities_list: @entity940 :: ('MESH:D001251', 'Disease') :: ['astigmatism']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

entities_list: @entity665 :: ('CHEBI:53526', 'Chemical') :: ['3H-thymidine']

entities_list: @entity735 :: ('MESH:D005124', 'Disease') :: ['contralateral eyes']

entities_list: @entity1604 :: ('MESH:C003043', 'Chemical') :: ['paraformaldehyde']

answer: @entity231 :: (MESH:D002386,Disease) :: ['cataract']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Epistasis describes an interaction between the effects of loci. We included epistasis in @entity23398 ( @entity23398 ) mapping of growth at a series of ages in a cross of a Chinese @entity1707 breed, Erhualian, with a commercial line, White Duroc. Erhualian @entity1707 have much lower growth rates than White Duroc. We improved a method for genomewide testing of epistasis and present a clear analysis workflow. We also suggest a new approach for interpreting epistasis results where significant additive and dominance effects of a locus in specific backgrounds are determined. In total, seventeen @entity23398 were found and eleven showed epistasis. Loci on chromosomes 2, 3, 4 and 7 were highlighted as affecting growth at more than one age or forming an interaction network. Epistasis resulted in both the @entity23398 on chromosomes 3 and 7 having effects in opposite directions. We believe it is the first time for the chromosome 7 locus that an allele from a Chinese breed has been found to decrease growth. The consequences of epistasis were diverse. Results were impacted by using growth rather than body weight as the phenotype and by correcting for an effect of mother. Epistasis made a considerable contribution to growth in this population and modelling epistasis was important for accurately determining @entity23398 effects.

title: Consequences of Epistasis on Growth in an Erhualian * White Duroc XXXX Cross.

entities_list: @entity23398 :: ('OMIM:612306', 'Disease') :: ['quantitative trait locus', 'QTL']

answer: @entity1707 :: (9823,Species) :: ['Pig']


abstract: We report a case of a @entity188 with electrolyte depletion syndrome( @entity15354 ). A 76-year-old @entity1 developed general fatigue, and on investigation, we found a large laterally spreading @entity5 of the rectum using bowel enema and colon fiber. Pathologically, the biopsy specimen was graded Group 4. We intended to perform a laparoscopy-assisted low anterior resection in the @entity1 . However, the operation was interrupted by a short-run type of ventricular premature contraction( VPC)due to @entity15354 -induced @entity1371 . After treating the @entity1371 , low anterior resection or laparotomy was performed. The @entity5 was 19*13 cm in size and occupied the circumference of the rectum. Histological examination revealed well differentiated @entity420 with @entity652 . Pathological staging was pTis, pN0, M0, stage 0 according to the Japanese Classification of @entity14 (8th edition). It is now 6 months after the operation and @entity1371 has not recurred in the @entity1 .

title: [A case of a XXXX with electrolyte depletion syndrome].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['tubular adenocarcinomas']

entities_list: @entity188 :: ('MESH:D012004', 'Disease') :: ['villous tumor of the rectum']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['Colorectal Carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['tubulovillous adenoma']

entities_list: @entity1371 :: ('MESH:D007008', 'Disease') :: ['hypokalemia']

answer: @entity188 :: (MESH:D012004,Disease) :: ['villous tumor of the rectum']


abstract: Operations were performed on 166 @entity1 for @entity420 , between 1970 and 1986, with resections being applied to 102 of them (6.1 per cent), including 87 curative approaches with complete @entity5 and no macroscopic evidence of @entity3 . Total gastrectomy with oesophagectomy was performed on 36 @entity1 and proximal oesophagogastrectomy on 66, in 43 of these via left thoracic incision. Regional lymph nodes were free of @entity5 in 29 @entity1 (28 per cent). The other approaches to proximal resection were thoracoabdominal in eight cases, abdominal in 13, and transmediastinal in two. Leakage of oesophageal @entity254 occurred in 19 cases and was followed by @entity295 and @entity204 in 13. Overall mortality during hospitalisation amounted to 22.5 per cent, including two @entity1 who died on the 30th postoperative day as a result of dehiscence and @entity295 . Mortality figures were 17 per cent following total gastrectomy and 19 per cent in the wake of proximal gastrectomy by thoracic incision. Mortality amounted to 48 per cent in the 23 cases on which abdominal, thoraco-abdominal, and transmediastinal operations had been performed. Multiple logistic regression was used to determine age, ECG, spread of lymph nodes, and surgical techniques as potential risk factors. Emphasis in the context of surgical techniques was laid on proximal versus total gastrectomy, incision on both sides of the diaphragm, palliative resection, and anastomotic suturing (using one-layer or two-layer techniques or mechanical staples). @entity5 spread to lymph nodes and proximal resection were the only independent variables associated with dehiscence. Electrocardiogram (ECG), lymph node involvement, and palliative resection proved to be of relevance to prognostication of lethality. No statistical correlations were found to exist between lethality, on the one hand, and surgical approach, age of @entity1 , incision on either side of the diaphragm or suturing, on the other. The conclusion was drawn that in cases of @entity189 total gastrectomy does not aggravate the risk of lethality, as compared to @entity418 resection.

title: [Risk factors for morbidity and mortality in resection of XXXX of the @entity418 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['septicaemia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Tumour', 'removal of tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['cardia carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma of the cardia']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity785 ( @entity785 ) is a rare connective tissue disease associated with significant digital @entity455 . Peripheral sympathectomy is frequently offered late in the disease process after severe digital @entity63 has already occurred with @entity1 being symptomatic for numerous years. The purpose of the present study was to analyze the results of peripheral sympathectomy in @entity1 with a confirmed diagnosis of @entity785 . @entity1 AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 17 @entity1 (26 hands) who underwent peripheral sympathectomy between January 2003 and September 2013 was performed. Data regarding @entity1 demographics, clinical features, and postoperative outcomes were retrieved. Of note, @entity158 was present in all @entity1 with a mean duration of 9.6 years prior to peripheral sympathectomy. RESULTS: Pain improvement/resolution was seen in 24 hands (92.3%). Digital @entity1066 healed in all @entity1 with only two @entity1 (two hands; 7.7%) requiring surgical intervention for @entity1066 recurrence 6 months and 4.5 years later. Minor complications were seen in seven hands (26.9%); including @entity2737 , and stitch abscess, but none required surgical intervention. Seven of eight @entity1 queried would have preferred surgical treatment at an earlier point in the disease process. CONCLUSION: Peripheral sympathectomy is a well-tolerated procedure in @entity1 with @entity785 and is associated with predictable @entity158 relief and @entity1066 in the majority of @entity1 . In light of these findings it seems prudent to offer surgical treatment not as a last resort but rather earlier in the disease process to decrease the duration that @entity1 @entity158 .

title: Surgical treatment of XXXX --is it justified to offer peripheral sympathectomy earlier in the disease process?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vasculopathy']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulcer', 'ulcer healing', 'ulcers']

entities_list: @entity2737 :: ('MESH:D014946', 'Disease') :: ['infection, wound opening']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'suffer pain', 'preoperative pain']

entities_list: @entity785 :: ('MESH:D012595', 'Disease') :: ['Systemic sclerosis', 'SSc']

answer: @entity785 :: (MESH:D012595,Disease) :: ['systemic sclerosis']


abstract: Up-regulation of the high-affinity transport system (HATS) for @entity8326 and stimulation of lateral root (LR) growth are two important adaptive responses of the root system to @entity1568 limitation. Up-regulation of the @entity8326 HATS by @entity1568 starvation is suppressed in the atnrt2.1-1 mutant of @entity958 ( @entity958 ), deleted for both @entity44946 and @entity44946 .2 @entity1507 transporter genes. We then used this mutant to determine whether lack of HATS stimulation affected the response of the root system architecture (RSA) to low @entity8326 availability. In Wassilewskija (Ws) wild-type plants, transfer from high to low @entity8326 medium resulted in contrasting responses of RSA, depending on the level of @entity1568 limitation. Moderate @entity1568 limitation (transfer from 10 mm to 1 or 0.5 mm @entity8326 ) mostly led to an increase in the number of visible laterals, while severe @entity1568 stress (transfer from 10 mm to 0.1 or 0.05 mm @entity8326 ) promoted mean LR length. The RSA response of the atnrt2.1-1 mutant to low @entity8326 was markedly different. After transfer from 10 to 0.5 mm @entity8326 , the stimulated appearance of LRs was abolished in atnrt2.1-1 plants, whereas the increase in mean LR length was much more pronounced than in Ws. These modifications of RSA mimicked those of Ws plants subjected to severe @entity1568 stress and could be fully explained by the lowered @entity8326 uptake measured in the mutant. This suggests that the uptake rate of @entity8326 , rather than its external concentration, is the key factor triggering the observed changes in RSA. However, the mutation of @entity44946 was also found to inhibit initiation of LR primordia in plants subjected to @entity1568 limitation independently of the rate of @entity8326 uptake by the whole root system and even of the presence of added @entity8326 in the external medium. This indicates a direct stimulatory role for @entity44946 in this particular step of LR development. Thus, it is concluded that @entity44946 has a key dual function in coordinating root development with external @entity8326 availability, both indirectly through its role as a major @entity8326 uptake system that determines the @entity1568 uptake-dependent RSA responses, and directly through a specific action on LR initiation under @entity1568 -limited conditions.

title: A central role for the XXXX transporter @entity44946 in the integrated morphological and physiological responses of the root system to @entity1568 limitation in @entity958 .

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen']

entities_list: @entity958 :: ('3702', 'Species') :: ['Arabidopsis thaliana', 'Arabidopsis']

entities_list: @entity1507 :: ('CHEBI:48107', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrate']

answer: @entity1507 :: (CHEBI:48107,Chemical) :: ['nitrate']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Post resuscitation @entity1562 is well described and recognized as a significant contributor to poor long-term outcome following @entity1167 . Optimal strategies for treatment have not been determined. METHODS: Ten domestic @entity1707 (49+/-3 kg) underwent 15 min of untreated @entity2224 before being successfully resuscitated. @entity1002 and diastolic function was measured at pre-arrest baseline, at 30 min and at 6 h post resuscitation. Five animals were treated immediately after resuscitation with @entity2333 ( @entity2333 ) and five were given @entity452 (5 mcg/kg per min). RESULTS: No baseline differences were found. At 30 min post resuscitation pulmonary capillary wedge pressure and LVEDP were significantly higher (16+/-3 vs. 7+/-1 and 20+/-2 vs. 11+/-1 mmHg) while LV isovolumic relaxation ('Tau') was significantly longer (34+/-2 vs. 20+/-2 ms) in the @entity2333 treated versus the @entity452 treated animals. Likewise, at 6 h post resuscitation LV ejection fraction was significantly less (21+/-6 vs. 39+/-4%), and LVEDP significantly higher (18 vs. 10 mmHg) in the @entity2333 group. Heart rate was not different between the groups at any time post resuscitation. CONCLUSION: @entity452 was superior to @entity2333 for treatment of post resuscitation @entity1002 . The hypothesized advantage of @entity2333 for treatment of post resuscitation @entity1562 without excessively raising the heart rate like @entity452 was not realized.

title: Treatment of post resuscitation myocardial dysfunction: aortic counterpulsation versus XXXX .

entities_list: @entity452 :: ('MESH:D004280', 'Chemical') :: ['Dobutamine', 'dobutamine']

entities_list: @entity2224 :: ('MESH:D014693', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity1562 :: ('MESH:D017682', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial stunning']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrest']

entities_list: @entity2333 :: ('MESH:D001018', 'Disease') :: ['IABP', 'intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction', 'Left ventricular systolic']

answer: @entity452 :: (MESH:D004280,Chemical) :: ['dobutamine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Acquired @entity8882 (aUPD) can lead to homozygosity for @entity5 suppressor genes or oncogenes. Our purpose is to determine the frequency and profile aUPD regions in serous @entity43 (SOC) and investigated the association of aUPD with clinical features and @entity1 outcomes. METHODS: We analyzed single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array-based genotyping data on 532 SOC specimens from The Cancer Genome Atlas database to identify aUPD regions. Cox univariate regression and Cox multivariate proportional hazards analyses were performed for survival analysis. RESULTS: We found that 94.7% of SOC samples harbored aUPD; the most common aUPD regions were in chromosomes 17q (76.7%), 17p (39.7%), and 13q (38.3%). In Cox univariate regression analysis, two independent regions of aUPD on chromosome 17q (A and C), and whole-chromosome aUPD were associated with shorter overall survival (OS), and five regions on chromosome 17q (A, D-G) and @entity5345 were associated with recurrence-free survival time. In Cox multivariable proportional hazards analysis, whole-chromosome aUPD was associated with shorter OS. One region of aUPD on chromosome 22q (B) was associated with unilateral disease. A statistically significant association was found between aUPD at @entity876 loci and homozygous mutation of @entity876 (p   <   0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: aUPD is a common event and some recurrent loci are associated with a poor outcome for @entity1 with serous @entity43 .

title: Prognostic relevance of acquired XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity8882 :: ('MESH:D024182', 'Disease') :: ['uniparental disomy']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['uniparental disomy in serous ovarian cancer']


abstract: Implantation of genetically manipulated fibroblasts is now coming considered to be one of the important methods for gene therapy. Before the clinical application of this method, we still need to resolve several problems encountered. We have recently developed a model system for the fibroblast-mediated cytokine supplementation gene therapy. BMGNeo ( @entity291 @entity1185 virus-derived plasmid) (gifted from Dr. Karasuyama) was used for expression of @entity1261 cDNA or @entity3027 cDNA (gifted from Dr. Nagata). The two plasmid DNAs (BMGNeoG-CSF and BMGNeoIFN) were individually transfected into NIH/3T3 fibroblasts by the @entity78 coprecipitation method. Cell clones producing a large amount of @entity24778 or @entity12419 were selected by the enzyme immunoassay methods and were called G-CSF3T3 or IFN3T3 respectively. @entity19 implanted with G-CSF3T3 highly produced @entity24778 in vivo. Remarkable @entity101 neutrophils and spleen hematopoietic stem cells/progenitor cells (CFU-S, BFU-E, CFU-E, CFU-GM and CFU-MK) were observed. To regulate the production of @entity24778 by G-CSF3T3 in vivo, we developed a diffusion chamber system as the cells can be treated easily. We could control the peripheral neutrophil count in @entity19 . In the same manner, IFN3T3 was implanted in @entity19 bearing a CML cell line, KU812. KU812 @entity5 growth was significantly suppressed by implantation of IFN3T3 into the chamber. The fibroblast-mediated cytokine supplementation gene therapy might be useful for the treatment of @entity1 requiring for continuous dosing of cytokines.

title: [Implantation of genetically manipulated fibroblasts into XXXX as a model of gene therapy--supplementations of @entity1 @entity1261 ( @entity1261 ) and interferon-alpha ( @entity3027 )].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['increases in both blood']

entities_list: @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['Nude mice', 'nude mice']

entities_list: @entity78 :: ('MESH:C020243', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium phosphate']

entities_list: @entity1185 :: ('MESH:D010212', 'Disease') :: ['papilloma']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: @entity27 may lead to complications if not identified and treated. Polysomnography is the diagnostic standard, but is often inaccessible due to bed shortages. A system that facilitates prioritization of @entity1 requiring sleep studies would thus be useful. We retrospectively compared the accuracy of a two-stage risk-stratification algorithm for @entity387 using questionnaire plus nocturnal pulse oximetry against using polysomnography to identify @entity1 without @entity386 (Objective 1) and those with severe @entity386 (Objective 2). @entity1 were those referred to a university-based @entity25 clinic due to suspicion of @entity387 . Subjects completed a @entity387 symptom questionnaire, and underwent oximetry and two-night polysomnography. We used bootstrap methodology to maximize sensitivity of our model for Objective 1 and specificity for Objective 2. We calculated sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and rate of misclassification error of the two-stage risk-stratification algorithm for each of our two objectives. The model identified cases of @entity387 with 95% sensitivity and severe @entity386 with 97% specificity. It excluded only 8% of @entity1 from sleep studies, but prioritized up to 23% of subjects to receive in-laboratory studies. Among @entity25 clinic referrals, a two-stage risk-stratification algorithm using questionnaire and nocturnal pulse oximetry excluded few @entity1 from sleep studies, but identified a larger proportion of @entity1 who should receive early testing because of their likelihood of having severe disease.

title: An algorithm to stratify @entity387 risk in a XXXX clinic population.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity387 :: ('MESH:D012891', 'Disease') :: ['sleep apnea']

entities_list: @entity27 :: ('MESH:D020181', 'Disease') :: ['Obstructive sleep apnea']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['sleep disorders']

answer: @entity25 :: (MESH:D012893,Disease) :: ['sleep disorders']


abstract: The activation of the @entity172 receptor (ER) from @entity7045 ( @entity7045 )-induced @entity35 @entity5 was studied in vitro. The activation of the receptor induced by heating of the cytosol containing occupied ER was measured by a 3-4-fold increase of receptor binding to nuclei in comparison with the nuclear binding of the nonactivated ER. The activation of the ER was further shown by alteration of the elution profile from @entity8851 -cellulose. A shift of the receptor peak from 234 mM (Peak II, nonactivated ER) to 70 mM (Peak I, activated ER) @entity1391 buffer could be obtained. The overall recoveries of activated ER following chromatography on DEAE-cellulose were significantly lower than the recoveries of the nonactivated ER, 71 and 85%, respectively. Binding of the activated ER to nuclei and chromatography of the supernatant which is not able to bind to nuclei on DEAE-cellulose resulted in a decrease of Peak I and in an increase of the overall recovery. These findings suggest that the nuclear bound ER consists of two parts. One is represented partially by Peak I of the elution profile and the other one by that part of the receptor which can not be eluted from the column under the conditions used. Furthermore, the dissociation of tritiated @entity53 ( @entity57673 ) from the nonactivated ER followed a two component exponential function whereas after activation a monophasic dissociation curve could be observed. The mean half times for the dissociation of @entity57673 from the activated and nonactivated ER were 101 and 7.2 min, respectively. Finally, the nonactivated molybdate stabilized ER sedimented in 5-20% @entity969 density gradients as two peaks, one at 9.5 S and the other at 4 S. After activation of the ER only the smaller 4 S peak was evident. @entity7051 inhibited the activation of the ER measured by nuclear binding assays, @entity969 density gradient analysis, dissociation kinetics or ion exchange chromatography but not completely in every case.

title: Activation of the XXXX receptor from @entity7045 -induced @entity35 @entity5 .

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity7045 :: ('CHEBI:50102', 'Chemical') :: ['NMU', 'N-nitrosomethylurea']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['mammary tumors']

entities_list: @entity57673 :: ('p|SUB|E|3|H', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['E3H']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['estradiol']

entities_list: @entity969 :: ('MESH:D013395', 'Chemical') :: ['sucrose']

entities_list: @entity1391 :: ('CHEBI:26020', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphate']

entities_list: @entity7051 :: ('MESH:C044659', 'Chemical') :: ['Molybdate']

answer: @entity172 :: (MESH:D004967,Chemical) :: ['estrogen']


abstract: The breast is an extremely rare target organ for metastasis of extramammary @entity5 . The occurence varies between 1.7% to 6.6% in autopsies; between 1.2% and 2% in clinical cases; and around 2.7% in sputum series. In accordance with the @entity5 localization, it is more common to find metastases of @entity706 , @entity320 , @entity980 , @entity5 of the lung and @entity43 . Breast metastasis of the uterine cervix is a very seldomly found. According to the published literature so far there have been around 30 documented cases with such pathology. This study presents the case of a 48-year-old female with a @entity957 , which was histologically verified in 2010. Three years after the initial @entity5 diagnosis, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, the @entity1 was found to have a @entity5 formation in one of her breasts. The formation was @entity158 to pressure. Quadrantectomy with an open bisopsy was performed to the @entity1 . Histological and immunohistochemical diagnosis rejected @entity0 . The differential diagnosis of metastatic lesions in the breast is problematic and requires careful clinical history, immunohistochemical study and multidisciplinary approach in the management. Mammary metastases are a bad predictor and they serve as an indicator of generalized dissemination of the @entity5 process.

title: [Breast metastasis of a XXXX . A case report].

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian tumors']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['primary squamous cell carcinoma of the breast']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'primary tumor', 'cystic tumor', 'neoplasms', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix']

entities_list: @entity980 :: ('MESH:D012208', 'Disease') :: ['rhabdomyosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma']

answer: @entity957 :: (MESH:D002294,Disease) :: ['squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To map skin temperature kinetics, and by extension skin blood flow throughout normal or abnormal repair of full-thickness cutaneous wounds created on the @entity1641 body and limb, using infrared thermography. STUDY DESIGN: Experimental. ANIMALS: Standardbreds (n = 6), aged 3-4 years. METHODS: Three cutaneous wounds were created on the dorsolateral surface of each metacarpus and on the lateral thoracic wall. @entity272 and those on 1 randomly chosen forelimb healed by second intention without a bandage, whereas @entity4218 were bandaged to induce formation of @entity3145 ( @entity3145 ). Thermal data were collected from all planned wound sites before the surgical procedure (baseline), and at 24, 48, 96 hours, 1, 2, and 4 weeks after wounding. Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA and a priori contrasts submitted to Bonferroni sequential correction. Level of significance was P < .05. RESULTS: Cutaneous wound temperature (CWT) increased temporally from preoperative period to week 1 postwounding, independently of anatomic location (P < .0001). CWT of limb wounds was significantly less than that of body wounds throughout healing (P < .01). CWT of limb wounds managed with bandages and developing @entity3145 was significantly less than that of unbandaged limb wounds, which did not develop @entity3145 (P  <= .01). CONCLUSIONS: CWT varied with anatomic location and throughout healing. CWT of wounds developing @entity3145 was significantly less than that of wounds without @entity3145 .

title: Skin temperature during cutaneous wound healing in an XXXX model of cutaneous fibroproliferative disorder: kinetics and anatomic-site differences.

entities_list: @entity4218 :: ('MESH:D017880', 'Disease') :: ['contralateral limb wounds']

entities_list: @entity3145 :: ('MESH:D017695', 'Disease') :: ['EGT', 'exuberant granulation tissue']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['Thoracic skin wounds']

answer: @entity1641 :: (9796,Species) :: ['equine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: No studies investigating the effect of the midfoot (talonavicular joint) position on clinical outcomes following flatfoot reconstruction have been performed. The purpose of our study was to determine whether a postoperative abducted or adducted forefoot alignment, as determined from anteroposterior (AP) radiographs, was associated with a difference in outcomes using the Foot and Ankle Outcome Score (FAOS). METHODS: Midfoot abduction was defined on postoperative AP radiographs, evaluated at a mean of 1.9 years in 55 @entity1 from the authors' institution who underwent flatfoot reconstruction for a stage II @entity85 ( @entity85 ), as a lateral incongruency angle greater than 5 degrees, a talonavicular uncoverage angle greater than 8 degrees, and a talo-first metatarsal angle greater than 8 degrees based on previously reported measurements. @entity1 with 2 or more measurements in the abduction category were classified as the abduction group (n = 30); those with 1 or fewer measurements in the abduction category were placed in the adduction group (n = 25). The preoperative and postoperative FAOS values with a mean follow-up of 3.1 years were compared using Wilcoxon rank-sum tests. RESULTS: @entity1 corrected to a position of adduction showed significantly lower improvement in the FAOS daily activities (P = .012) and quality of life subscales (P = .046). The mean improvement in subscale scores for the adducted group was lower for @entity158 (P = .052) and sports activities (P = .085) but did not reach statistical significance. No significant difference in the FAOS symptoms subscale (P = .372) between groups was found. CONCLUSION: Correction of the talonavicular joint to a position of adduction following a stage II @entity85 was associated with decreased @entity1 outcomes in daily activities and quality of life compared with an abducted position. These results suggest that overcorrection to a position of midfoot adduction leads to a lesser amount of individual @entity1 improvement in reconstruction of a stage II @entity85 . LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level III, comparative series.

title: Correlation of Postoperative Midfoot Position With Outcome Following Reconstruction of the Stage II Adult Acquired XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['adult acquired flatfoot deformity', 'AAFD']

answer: @entity85 :: (MESH:D009140,Disease) :: ['Flatfoot Deformity']


abstract: The @entity1628 ( @entity1628 ) is a Family A G protein-coupled receptor that plays an essential role in regulating energy homeostasis, including both energy intake and expenditure. Mutations leading to a reduced @entity1628 function confer a major gene effect for @entity28 . More than 170 distinct mutations have been identified in @entity1 . In addition to the conventional Gs-stimulated @entity268 pathway, the @entity1628 also activates MAPKs, especially @entity1366 . We also showed there is biased signaling in the two signaling pathways, with inverse agonists in the Gs- @entity268 pathway acting as agonists for the @entity1366 pathway. In the current study, we sought to determine whether defects in basal or agonist-induced @entity1366 activation in @entity1628 mutants might potentially contribute to @entity28 pathogenesis in @entity1 carrying these mutations. The constitutive and ligand-stimulated @entity1366 activation were measured in wild type and 73 naturally occurring @entity1628 mutations. We showed that nineteen mutants had significantly decreased basal pERK1/2 level, and five Class V variants (where no functional defects have been identified previously), @entity57720 , @entity57721 , @entity57722 , @entity57723 and @entity57724 , had impaired ligand-stimulated @entity1366 activation. Our studies demonstrated for the first time that decreased basal or ligand-stimulated @entity1366 signaling might contribute to @entity28 pathogenesis caused by mutations in the @entity1628 gene. We also observed biased signaling in 25 naturally occurring mutations in the Gs- @entity268 and @entity1366 pathways.

title: Defect in MAPK signaling as a cause for monogenic XXXX caused by inactivating mutations in the @entity1628 gene.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity1628 :: ('4160', 'Gene') :: ['MC4R', 'melanocortin-4 receptor']

entities_list: @entity57721 :: ('p|SUB|V|50|M', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['V50M']

entities_list: @entity57720 :: ('p|SUB|C|40|R', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['C40R']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obesity']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity7857 is a gene located at locus 7p14.2-14.1 that codifies a regulatory protein involved in fibrogenesis, cell migration, phagocytosis and apoptosis. This gene presents a single nucleotide polymorphism, which appears to be linked with the development of @entity2316 . OBJECTIVES: Currently, there are no studies in regard to the presence of such polymorphism in the Mexican population. Therefore, the aim of this work was to estimate the frequency rate of alleles and genotypes of polymorphism @entity61941 from @entity7857 in Mexican mestizos who inhabit the west and the southeast regions of Mexico in order to generate reliable data for further association studies. METHODS: There were 322 individuals who were screened for the identification of polymorphism @entity61941 using genomic DNA from leucocytes as a template for PCR-PASA reactions. Amplicons were separated in 7% PAGE and visualized after staining with @entity7292 . RESULTS: The reference allele (A) was the most frequent in both western and southeastern populations of Mexico. In addition, a different genotype distribution was found with respect to other populations. The results of this study indicate that both populations are in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. CONCLUSION: This study also reveals a low frequency rate of the ancestral genotype for the polymorphism @entity61941 in mestizos from the western and southeastern regions of Mexico.

title: [Polymorphism g.37190613 G>A of the XXXX gene in the Mexican population: potential marker for clinical-surgical pathology].

entities_list: @entity2316 :: ('MESH:D003928', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic nephropathy']

entities_list: @entity7292 :: ('MESH:D012835', 'Chemical') :: ['silver nitrate']

answer: @entity7857 :: (9844,Gene) :: ['ELMO1']