abstract: Vascular leakage is a hallmark of severe @entity281 . Although extensive studies have been conducted during the past several decades, the molecular mechanisms underlying vascular leakage in @entity7643 ( @entity7643 ) remain unclear. We thus performed a proteomics study to characterize responses in @entity1 endothelial cells (EA.hy926) after @entity778 (MOI=10). Comparative 2-D PAGE analysis revealed significantly altered abundance levels of 15 proteins, which were successfully identified by quadrupole time-of-flight @entity3928 ( @entity15 ) and/or tandem @entity15 ( @entity15 ). These altered proteins were involved in several biological processes, for example, mRNA stability/processing, transcription and translation regulation, molecular chaperoning, oxidative stress response/regulation, cytoskeletal assembly, protein degradation, and cellular metabolisms. We also performed functional analyses of alterations in actin cytoskeletal assembly and endothelial integrity focusing on adherens junction ( @entity3545 ), tight junction ( @entity11178 ) and adhesive molecule ( @entity2279 ) after 24-h of DEN-2 infection and simulation of transendothelial migration by @entity2279 cross-linking. Decreased expression and disorganization of the actin-cytoskeleton were observed in the infected cells, whereas the increase in actin stress fibers was found in adjacent noninfected cells. Additionally, a decrease in adhesive protein @entity2279 was observed. Furthermore, DEN-2 infection caused decreased expression and redistribution of both @entity3545 and @entity11178 , whose changes were enhanced by @entity2279 engagement. These alterations may potentially be a molecular basis explaining increased endothelial permeability or vascular leakage in @entity7643 .

title: Alterations in actin cytoskeletal assembly and junctional protein complexes in @entity1 endothelial cells induced by XXXX and mimicry of leukocyte transendothelial migration.

entities_list: @entity778 :: ('MESH:D015658', 'Disease') :: ['DEN-2 virus infection']

entities_list: @entity3928 :: ('MESH:C536030', 'Disease') :: ['mass spectrometry']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['dengue infection']

entities_list: @entity7643 :: ('MESH:D019595', 'Disease') :: ['dengue shock syndrome', 'DSS']

answer: @entity778 :: (MESH:D015658,Disease) :: ['dengue virus infection']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The effect of comorbid conditions such as @entity565 and atopy on the severity of @entity102 ( @entity102 ) and the presence of @entity480 ( @entity480 ) remains an area of investigation. We sought to elucidate the relationship among these entities. METHODS: The study population included 106 consecutive @entity1 who were referred to a multidisciplinary, university-based @entity566 and sinus clinic that underwent computed tomography (CT) scan, skin-prick testing, and had @entity102 . Data were analyzed to determine @entity32447 ( @entity32447 ), presence of @entity480 , @entity565 status, and sensitivity to seven classes of aeroallergens. RESULTS: Skin tests were positive in 52 cases and negative in 54 cases. Although, there was no statistical relationship between @entity32447 and @entity159 in the entire group, among the @entity748 subgroup, mean @entity32447 was greater in nonatopic @entity748 @entity1 than in @entity1097 @entity748 @entity1 . @entity748 @entity1 had a higher @entity32447 than nonasthmatic @entity1 (p < 0.0001). @entity748 @entity1 were more likely than nonasthmatic @entity1 to have @entity480 (57.6% versus 25%; p = 0.0015), regardless of @entity159 . Mean @entity32447 was higher in NP @entity1 compared with nonpolyp @entity1 (p < 0.0001), independent of @entity159 . Mean @entity32447 was not affected by sensitivity to any particular allergen, with the exception of cockroach- @entity56 @entity1 who were more likely to have an @entity32447 of >10 (p = 0.0236) and had more severe maxillary sinus involvement (p = 0.0391). CONCLUSION: These data indicate a strong relationship between @entity102 severity, as measured by @entity32447 , and chronic airway inflammatory diseases, @entity565 , and @entity480 . The association between @entity32447 and @entity159 appears weak. The present study suggests that @entity102 is an inflammatory disease that occurs independently of systemic IgE-mediated pathways.

title: Relationships between severity of @entity102 and nasal polyposis, XXXX , and atopy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity748 :: ('MESH:D013224', 'Disease') :: ['asthmatic', 'Asthmatic']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic rhinosinusitis', 'CRS']

entities_list: @entity32447 :: ('MESH:C538364', 'Disease') :: ['LMS', 'Lund-MacKay score']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic']

entities_list: @entity480 :: ('MESH:D009298', 'Disease') :: ['NPs', 'nasal polyps']

entities_list: @entity159 :: ('MESH:D013226', 'Disease') :: ['atopic status']

answer: @entity565 :: (MESH:D001249,Disease) :: ['asthma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1558 ( @entity1558 ), particularly proliferative @entity1558 , is an established @entity0 risk factor. However, there has been no systematic attempt to compare the hormonal profiles of the two conditions. In a case-control investigation in Athens, Greece, we compared levels of @entity172 , @entity251 and @entity442 ( @entity442 ), as well as their principal binding proteins, between @entity0 @entity1 , @entity1 with @entity1558 by histological type (proliferative and nonproliferative) and @entity1 with no breast pathology. @entity1 AND METHODS: We studied 466 @entity1 with incident @entity0 , 704 @entity1 with @entity1558 and 244 healthy @entity1 . We used multiple regression to compare log-transformed serum hormone levels of @entity0 @entity1 with those of healthy @entity1 and @entity1 with @entity1558 by histological type (proliferative and nonproliferative @entity1558 ). RESULTS: The hormonal profile of @entity0 in our study was in line with the generally accepted hormonal profile of this disease, as reported from large cohort studies. Compared with healthy @entity1 , @entity0 @entity1 tended to have higher levels of @entity134 hormones. The evidence was strong for @entity1815 (difference 21.5%, P < 0.001), weaker for @entity251 (difference 15.8%, P = 0.07) and weaker still for @entity53 (difference 12.0%, P = 0.18). Also compared with healthy @entity1 , @entity0 @entity1 had barely higher levels of @entity442 (difference 2.0%, P = 0.51), but had significantly lower levels of @entity2301 ( @entity2301 ) (difference -6.7%, P = 0.001). Compared with @entity1 with @entity1558 , @entity0 @entity1 had nonstatistically significantly lower levels of @entity134 hormones, but they had higher levels of @entity442 [difference 5.5%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.7% to 10.6%] and lower levels of @entity2301 (difference -3.7%, 95% CI -6.7% to -0.7%). Differences were more pronounced when @entity0 @entity1 were contrasted to @entity1 with proliferative @entity1558 . CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that high levels of @entity442 may be an important factor toward the evolution of @entity1558 to @entity0 .

title: A comparison of hormonal profiles between @entity0 and XXXX : a case-control study.

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogens']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity2301 :: ('3486', 'Gene') :: ['IGF binding protein 3', 'IGFBP-3']

entities_list: @entity442 :: ('3479', 'Gene') :: ['insulin-like growth factor-1', 'IGF-1']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['estradiol']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity1558 :: ('MESH:D001941', 'Disease') :: ['BBD', 'Benign breast disease']

answer: @entity1558 :: (MESH:D001941,Disease) :: ['benign breast disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: To evaluate outcomes of salvage surgery for @entity5513 ( @entity5513 ) that failed primary stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). METHODS: Case-control study of 37 @entity1 who underwent surgical resection of sporadic @entity5513 following prior SRS at two tertiary academic referral centers between 2003 and 2015. A cohort of nonirradiated control subjects, matched according to @entity5 size, age, and treatment center, were used as comparison. RESULTS: Thirty-seven @entity1 were included. The median time from radiation to surgical salvage was 36 months (range 9.6-153 months). Following @entity5 progression after SRS, 18 (49%) @entity1 underwent gross total resection, 10 (27%) underwent near-total resection, and nine (24%) underwent subtotal resection. @entity260 following salvage surgery included one (3%) case of @entity64 , four (11%) cases of @entity5173 , and two (5%) cases of @entity693 . Twenty-seven (73%) @entity1 had good postoperative facial nerve outcome (House-Brackmann Score I-II) at long-term follow-up. There were no cases of @entity5 recurrence or regrowth after a median length of 26 months following microsurgical salvage (range 3-114 months). The rate of satisfactory postoperative facial nerve function was not different between study and control subjects (73% vs. 76%; P = 0.8); however, less-than-complete resection was utilized more frequently among previously radiated @entity1 (P = 0.01). CONCLUSION: Microsurgical salvage of @entity5513 following primary radiation therapy is challenging. Less-than-complete resection is required in a greater percentage of @entity1 to preserve @entity2103 and prevent @entity16 . Long-term follow-up is needed to determine the risk of delayed progression following incomplete @entity5 removal. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 3b. Laryngoscope, 126:2580-2586, 2016.

title: Surgical salvage of recurrent XXXX following prior stereotactic radiosurgery.

entities_list: @entity5513 :: ('MESH:D009464', 'Disease') :: ['VS', 'vestibular schwannoma']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological complications']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity693 :: ('MESH:D008581', 'Disease') :: ['meningitis']

entities_list: @entity2103 :: ('MESH:D005155', 'Disease') :: ['facial nerve integrity']

entities_list: @entity5173 :: ('MESH:D065634', 'Disease') :: ['cerebrospinal fluid leak']

answer: @entity5513 :: (MESH:D009464,Disease) :: ['vestibular schwannoma']


abstract: PURPOSE: To report the 4-year outcomes after Intacs intrastromal corneal ring segment (ICRS) implantation to correct low @entity1714 in @entity1 with abnormal topography. SETTING: Instituto de Microcirugia Ocular, Barcelona, Spain. METHODS: This retrospective consecutive interventional case series included eyes with @entity1714 lower than -4.50 diopters (D) and abnormal topography that excluded excimer laser surgery. Evaluation was performed preoperatively and at yearly intervals up to 4 years postoperatively. The 4-year outcomes measures were uncorrected (UDVA) and corrected (CDVA) distance visual acuities, predictability and stability of refractive correction, the efficacy and safety indices, and complications. RESULTS: After ICRS implantation, 82.05% of 39 eyes (21 @entity1 ) were within +/-1.00 diopter (D) of emmetropia and 46.15% were within +/-0.50 D. Refractive correction improved during the first 6 months and remained stable up to 4 years. The UDVA was 20/40 or better in all eyes and 20/20 or better in 38.46% of eyes. Seven eyes (17.95%) lost 1 line of CDVA, and no eye lost 2 or more lines. No @entity3816 occurred. The ICRS were exchanged for thicker ICRS in 7 eyes (17.9%) because of undercorrection. One @entity1 requested ICRS removal due to unsatisfactory refractive results. CONCLUSIONS: The 4-year results indicate that ICRS implantation is effective and safe in the correction of low @entity1714 in @entity1 for whom excimer laser surgery is contraindicated because of abnormal topography, including forme fruste keratoconus. The achieved refractive correction remained stable throughout the follow-up. FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE: No author has a financial or proprietary interest in any material or method mentioned.

title: Intrastromal corneal ring segments to correct low XXXX in eyes with irregular or abnormal topography including forme fruste keratoconus: 4-year follow-up.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3816 :: ('MESH:D007431', 'Disease') :: ['intraoperative complications']

answer: @entity1714 :: (MESH:D009216,Disease) :: ['myopia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Allergic @entity5526 is the most common adverse reaction caused by topical drugs. OBJECTIVES: To study the demographic characteristics and lesion locations of @entity1 with @entity1909 , and to analyse contact @entity566 to active principles and trends in frequencies over the years. @entity1 AND METHODS: Between 1990 and 2014, 14   911 @entity1 were patch tested with the European baseline series. @entity1 with a presumed iatrogenic cause were often tested with a pharmaceutical series, and, if indicated, with photo-patch tests. Most were also tested with the topical products to which they had been exposed, along with their ingredients. RESULTS: Eight thousand three hundred and seventy-four (56%) @entity1 tested positively, and 2600 (17.4%, 95%CI: 16.8-18.0%) of all @entity1 suffered from @entity5526 . The most important primary sites of @entity1909 were the legs, face, and hands. The most common sensitizers included topical antibiotics, antiseptics, and @entity288 . The most frequent baseline allergens in this subgroup were @entity4184 , @entity5154 , and @entity12022 , although with a decreasing trend over the years. Many other allergens from different pharmacological classes were identified. CONCLUSIONS: With a prevalence of 17.4% of consecutive @entity1 , @entity5526 is a frequent diagnosis in @entity1 attending a general patch test clinic, involving one-third of the @entity1 with at least one positive reaction.

title: Frequency and trends of contact @entity566 to and XXXX caused by topical drugs over a 25-year period.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity12022 :: ('MESH:D001566', 'Chemical') :: ['benzocaine']

entities_list: @entity5526 :: ('MESH:D003877', 'Disease') :: ['contact dermatitis', 'iatrogenic contact dermatitis']

entities_list: @entity4184 :: ('MESH:D019819', 'Chemical') :: ['budesonide']

entities_list: @entity5154 :: ('MESH:D009355', 'Chemical') :: ['neomycin']

entities_list: @entity1909 :: ('MESH:D003872', 'Disease') :: ['iatrogenic dermatitis', 'dermatitis']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity5526 :: (MESH:D003877,Disease) :: ['iatrogenic contact dermatitis']


abstract: From 1984 through 1986, 205 @entity1 with @entity1149 were entered into a group-wide trial of the Swiss Group for Clinical @entity5 Research (SAKK). This trial evaluated the combination of @entity1138 (8 mg/m2 intravenously [IV] on day 1), @entity7324 (3 mg/m2 IV on days 1 and 8), and @entity900 (60 mg/m2 IV on day 1) with forced diuresis, repeated every 4 weeks (MiViP regimen). One hundred eighty-three @entity1 were evaluable. Six complete and 69 partial responses were documented for an overall response rate of 41% (95% confidence interval, 34% to 50%). In the multivariate analysis the strongest predictors for response were the participating institution and the number of initially involved organ sites. The estimated median time to progression for @entity1 with a complete response, partial response, or stable disease was 155 days (estimated inter-quartile range, 99 to 258 days). In the multivariate analysis the time to progression was significantly associated with the number of involved organ sites (P = 0.041). The estimated median survival time for the 183 evaluable @entity1 was 239 days (estimated inter-quartile range, 137 to 436 days). In univariate and multivariate analyses performance status, number of involved organ sites, pretreatment status with radiation therapy, and participating institution were all significantly associated with survival. The principal @entity137 were myelosuppression and @entity390 and @entity391 with 16% of the @entity1 refusing further treatment after a median of four cycles of chemotherapy. In conclusion, the MiViP regimen was an active combination chemotherapy in @entity1 with @entity1149 in a large trial performed by the SAKK. The prognostic value of the participating institution and the number of organ sites involved by metastatic deposits in @entity1149 needs further investigation.

title: Combination chemotherapy with @entity1138 , @entity7324 , and @entity900 for XXXX . Association of antitumor activity with @entity5 burden and treatment center.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity7324 :: ('MESH:D014751', 'Chemical') :: ['vindesine']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cancer']

entities_list: @entity1138 :: ('MESH:D016685', 'Chemical') :: ['mitomycin']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: To examine relationships between @entity5 , perfusion and metabolic microenvironment at the microregional level in three different @entity1 @entity957 (hSCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity19 bearing FaDu, UT- @entity31371 , and UT- @entity31372 hSCC were injected with @entity12184 @entity519 and Hoechst perfusion markers. Bioluminescence imaging was used to determine spatial distribution of @entity413 and @entity880 content in serial @entity5 sections. Metabolite levels were grouped in 10 concentration ranges. Images were co-registered and at each concentration range the proportion of area stained for @entity12184 and Hoechst was determined in 11-13 @entity5 per @entity5 line. RESULTS: The spatial distribution of metabolites in @entity12184 @entity519 and Hoechst perfused areas is characterised by pronounced heterogeneity. In all three @entity5 lines @entity413 concentration decreased with increasing @entity12184 @entity519 fraction and increased with increasing perfused area at the microregional level. A weak albeit significant positive correlation between @entity880 concentration and @entity12184 @entity519 fraction was found only in UT- @entity31372 . @entity880 concentration consistently decreased with increasing perfused area in all three @entity5 lines. CONCLUSIONS: Both @entity413 consumption and supply may contribute to the microregional @entity413 levels. Microregional @entity880 accumulation in @entity5 may be governed by clearance potential. The extent of microregional @entity519 cannot be predicted from the @entity880 concentration indicating that both parameters need to be measured independently.

title: Co-localisation of @entity519 and perfusion markers with parameters of @entity413 metabolism in XXXX @entity957 (hSCC) xenografts.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour hypoxia', 'tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxic', 'hypoxia']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['Lactate', 'lactate']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity12184 :: ('MESH:C033815', 'Chemical') :: ['pimonidazole']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: The antinociceptive effect of intracerebroventricularly administered @entity934 as measured in the @entity19 tail-flick test was reduced by intracerebroventricularly injected @entity460 , @entity1760 and @entity921 . Maximum antagonism of @entity934 -induced antinociception was observed with a 1-hour @entity460 pretreatment. Significant reduction existed at 2- but not 4-hour pretreatment. Barium and @entity9756 were inactive. The antinociceptive effect of @entity934 was potentiated by @entity3740 and @entity4527 but not by @entity1098 . The ionophore @entity3365 was shown to increase greatly the antagonistic effect of a low dose of @entity460 . The ionophore alone did not significantly alter the effect of @entity934 . Thus, it appears that @entity460 must penetrate cell membranes to reduce the effect of @entity934 . In addition to @entity934 , it was found that the antinociceptive effects of @entity5592 and @entity2607 could also be reduced by @entity460 . These data indicate that alterations in intracellular @entity460 are involved in cholinergically induced antinociception.

title: Effects of divalent cations, @entity3740 , cation chelators and an ionophore on XXXX antinociception.

entities_list: @entity921 :: ('MESH:D008345', 'Chemical') :: ['manganese']

entities_list: @entity3740 :: ('MESH:D007811', 'Chemical') :: ['lanthanum']

entities_list: @entity4527 :: ('MESH:D004533', 'Chemical') :: ['ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

entities_list: @entity9756 :: ('MESH:D013324', 'Chemical') :: ['strontium']

entities_list: @entity5592 :: ('MESH:D010095', 'Chemical') :: ['oxotremorine']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity2607 :: ('MESH:D010830', 'Chemical') :: ['physostigmine']

entities_list: @entity1098 :: ('MESH:D004492', 'Chemical') :: ['ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid']

entities_list: @entity1760 :: ('MESH:D008274', 'Chemical') :: ['magnesium']

answer: @entity934 :: (MESH:D000109,Chemical) :: ['acetylcholine']


abstract: Introduction. Adhesive tapes are used for taping eyelids closed and securing endotracheal tubes during general anesthesia. These tapes can cause @entity9665 . We compared the incidence of @entity9665 and @entity1 satisfaction with different tapes used. Methods. A total of 60 adult @entity1 at risk of skin @entity130 were randomized to use 3M    Kind Removal @entity1346 Tape or standard acrylate tapes: 3M Durapore (endotracheal tube) and Medipore (eyelids). @entity1 were blinded to tape used. Postoperatively, a blinded recovery nurse assessed erythema, @entity4 , and denudation of skin. Anesthesiologist in charge also assessed @entity272 . On postoperative day 1, @entity1 rated satisfaction with the condition of their skin over the eyelids and face on a 5-point Likert scale. Results. More @entity1 had denudation of skin with standard tapes, 4 (13.3%) versus 0 with @entity1346 tape (p = 0.026) and in anesthesiologist-evaluated @entity272 11 (37%) with standard versus 1 (3%) with @entity1346 (p = 0.002). No significant differences were found in erythema and @entity4 . @entity1 satisfaction score was higher with @entity1346 tape: over eyelids: mean 3.83 (standard) versus 4.53 ( @entity1346 ), Mann-Whitney U test, p < 0.001; over face: mean 3.87 (standard) versus 4.57 ( @entity1346 ) (p < 0.001). Conclusion. @entity1346 tape use had less @entity272 and greater @entity1 satisfaction than standard acrylate tapes.

title: Comparison of Medical Adhesive Tapes in @entity1 at Risk of Facial Skin XXXX under Anesthesia.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin injury']

entities_list: @entity1346 :: ('MESH:D012828', 'Chemical') :: ['Silicone', 'silicone']

entities_list: @entity9665 :: ('MESH:D017445', 'Disease') :: ['facial skin injury']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['Trauma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess survival rates and to evaluate histologic type and age as prognostic factors for @entity2622 in an ethnically homogenous population in Taiwan. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted of 3678 cases of @entity957 and @entity420 that were diagnosed and treated for invasive @entity2622 between 1977 and 1994. Observed survival rates were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and prognostic factors were assessed using Cox's proportional hazards regression analysis. RESULTS: Correlating both FIGO stage and age with histologic type revealed a higher proportion of cases with @entity420 in the lower FIGO stages (P = 0.0417). Further, we found that the younger the age group the higher the proportion of cases of cervical @entity420 (P = 0.0006). The 5-year survival rate was lower for @entity1 with @entity420 than for @entity1 with @entity957 (66.5 vs 74.0%, P = 0.0009). The 5-year survival rates for FIGO stages I, II, III, and @entity957 were 81.3, 75.2, 42.7, and 26.1%, respectively, while for @entity420 they were 75.9, 62.9, 29.2, and 0%, respectively. The difference in survival rates between @entity957 and @entity420 was found mainly in stage I (P = 0.0039) and stage II (P = 0.0103), where radiotherapy was used as the primary treatment. Age also affected the overall Kaplan-Meier estimate of survival. The younger the age group, the better the survival rate (P < 0.0001). Multivariate analysis confirmed a highly significant association between survival rate and both histologic type (P < 0.0001) and age (P = 0.0037). CONCLUSIONS: Early stage cervical @entity5 (stages I and II) with a glandular component had a lower 5-year survival rate than @entity957 in cases where radiotherapy was the primary treatment. We speculate that this difference in survival rates between cervical @entity420 and @entity957 was due to the relative ineffectiveness of radiotherapy as a primary treatment in cases of @entity420 .

title: Influence of histologic type and age on survival rates for invasive XXXX in Taiwan.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma', 'IV squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity2622 :: ('MESH:D002583', 'Disease') :: ['cervical carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity2622 :: (MESH:D002583,Disease) :: ['cervical carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although several studies suggested @entity519 as an important microenvironmental factor contributing to @entity32 and @entity82 in chronic @entity409 , the mechanism of this process is not fully understood. We considered @entity519 inducible factor ( @entity16705 ) as a key transcription factor in @entity1575 . The aim of the study was to evaluate the mechanisms of signaling pathway during bile duct ligation (BDL)-induced @entity1575 in @entity35 . METHODS: BDL animal model of @entity1575 was used in the study. Male @entity35 were divided randomly into two experimental groups: sham group (n = 15), BDL group (n = 30). @entity720 ( @entity19487 ) content as a marker of collagen accumulation in liver of @entity35 subjected to BDL was evaluated according to the method described by Gerling B et  al. Expression of signaling proteins [integrin b1 receptor, @entity16705 , @entity4026 ( @entity4026 ), and transforming growth factor ( @entity1810 )] was evaluated applying Western-immunoblot analysis. In all experiments, the mean values for six assays    standard deviations (SD) were calculated. The results were submitted to the statistical analysis using the Student's "t" test, accepting p < 0.05 as significant. RESULTS: Ligation of bile ducts was found to increase @entity19487 content in @entity35 liver, accompanied by increase of @entity16705 expression during 10 weeks after BDL. The @entity19487 level was time dependent. There was not such a difference in control group (p < 0.001). Simultaneously expression of @entity4026 , @entity1810 , b1-integrin receptor was significantly elevated starting from sixth week after ligation. Activity of metalloproteinases 2 and 9 in the livers were increased 1 week after surgery and remained increased until the end of the experiment. CONCLUSIONS: The mechanism of development of @entity1575 involves activation of @entity11017 ( @entity11017 ) and @entity6929 ( @entity6929 ), upregulation of @entity16705 transcriptional activity and its related factors, @entity4026 and @entity1810 . It suggests that they may represent targets for the treatment of the disease.

title: @entity16705 as a Key Factor in Bile Duct Ligation-Induced @entity1575 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['rat', 'Wistar rats', 'rats']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver diseases']

entities_list: @entity720 :: ('CHEBI:18095', 'Chemical') :: ['Hydroxyproline']

entities_list: @entity1575 :: ('MESH:D008103', 'Disease') :: ['liver fibrosis']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['Rats']


abstract: (Full text is available at http://www.manu.edu.mk/prilozi). This is a family of three @entity1 , born to healthy Macedonian parents after uneventful pregnancies and delivery. The index @entity1 was an eight-year-old @entity1 admitted for abdominal discomfort and distension: the spleen was 14cm below the costal margin (BCM), the liver 8cm BCM. No @entity158 or pathology was reported. There was mild pancytopaenia (hemoglobin 11.2 gm/L; WBC counts 4.6 x 10;3; platelets 70 x 10;3). Liver function tests, renal ultrasound, bone scan, and a chest radiograph were within normal limits. Bone marrow analysis in this @entity1 and her two brothers (11 and 6.5 years old) revealed Gaucher cells. Both brothers had only mild @entity417 , but the older brother had been splenectomized prior to diagnosis of GD1. Enzyme analysis revealed low activity (2.59, 1.62, and 2.55 nmol/h/mg protein, respectively); plasma chitotriosidase levels were also elevated. Genetic testing revealed homozygosity for the @entity10727 / @entity10727 mutation in all three siblings. In the absence of available enzyme replacement treatment (ERT), the @entity1 was splenectomized. Removing an important immune organ (the spleen) introduces further risk for the @entity1 . In addition, this does not solve the bone involvement characteristic for GD. ERT should be introduced for all GD1 @entity1 in Macedonia. Key words: @entity1120 , @entity10727 mutation, siblings, enzyme replacement therapy.

title: XXXX ( @entity1120 ) in three siblings: enzyme replacement treatment (ERT) required.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'girl', 'patients', 'child']

entities_list: @entity1120 :: ('MESH:D005776', 'Disease') :: ['Gaucher disease']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['bone pain']

answer: @entity1120 :: (MESH:D005776,Disease) :: ['Type I Gaucher disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Use of perioperative chemotherapy had significantly improved prognosis of localized @entity356 . Two studies have validated this approach using @entity900 based chemotherapy despite important @entity137 . We conducted this study with the aim to evaluate efficacy and @entity137 of FOLFOX regimen in this setting. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This is a retrospective study including @entity1 followed for @entity356 in the Oncology Department of the military hospital Mohamed V in Rabat, Morocco over a period of 7 years from 2007 to 2013. @entity1 received 4 cycles of mFOLFOX as perioperative regimen. Assessment of @entity5 response after completion of preoperative chemotherapy was granted by comparative CT scan, @entity5 markers measurements and R0 surgery rate.Adverse events were graded according to classification of the National @entity5 Institute Common @entity137 Criteria version 4.0. RESULTS: Thirty-one @entity1 were included in this study. Use of preoperative chemotherapy showed partial response in fourteen @entity1 (45.1%), stabilization in fifteen @entity1 (48.4%). Tumor markers CEA and CA 19- 9 were significantly decreased. R0 resection rate was 83.87%. Only 2 (6.45%) cases of grade 3/4 hematologic @entity137 were reported in our study. Achieving programmed postoperative chemotherapy was possible in 72.41% of @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Our study is limited by the retrospective design and small sample size but FOLFOX chemotherapy seems effective and well tolerated in this setting and its place deserves to be studied in a larger study.

title: FOLFOX as Perioperative Chemotherapy of localized Gastric XXXX : Efficacy and Tolerance.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'Toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1369 antagonists have proven efficacy for management of resistant @entity101 and @entity644 reduction; however, they are not widely used due to risk of @entity4144 . This study assesses the risk factors for @entity4144 in @entity1 with @entity740 ( @entity740 ) and resistant @entity101 whose blood pressure (BP) is reduced to a guideline goal. METHODS: This is a two-center study conducted in university-based @entity101 clinics directed by clinical @entity101 specialists. Forty-six @entity1 with resistant @entity101 and stages 2 or 3 @entity740 (mean estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) 56.5 + or - 16.2 ml/min/1.73 m(2)) were evaluated for safety and efficacy of @entity1369 blockade added to preexisting BP-lowering regimens. All @entity1 were on three mechanistically complementary antihypertensive agents including a diuretic and a @entity916 -angiotensin system blocker. @entity1 were evaluated after a median of 45 treatment days. The primary endpoint was change in systolic BP. Secondary endpoints included change in serum @entity972 , @entity1011 , eGFR, diastolic BP and tolerability. RESULTS: The mean age of the @entity1 studied was 64.9 + or - 10.7 years, all were @entity28 and 86% had @entity164 2 @entity6 , with 82% being African-American. Addition of @entity1369 antagonism yielded a further mean reduction in systolic BP of 14.7 + or - 5.1 mm Hg (p = 0.001). Females with BMI >30 and those with a baseline systolic BP >160 mm Hg were more likely to have a greater BP reduction to @entity1369 antagonism. In total, 39% of the @entity1 had a >30% decrease in eGFR when the BP goal was achieved. The mean increase in serum @entity972 was 0.4 mEq/l above baseline (p = 0.001), with 17.3% manifesting @entity4144 , i.e. serum @entity972 >5.5 mEq/l. Predictors of @entity4144 included a baseline eGFR of < or = 45 ml/min/1.73 m(2) in whom serum @entity972 was >4.5 mEq/l on appropriately dosed diuretics. Contributing risks in this subgroup included a systolic BP reduction of >15 mm Hg associated with an eGFR fall of >30%. CONCLUSION: @entity1369 antagonism is effective and safe for achieving a BP goal among @entity1 with @entity2316 when added to a triple antihypertensive regimen that includes a blocker of the @entity916 -angiotensin system and an appropriately selected and dosed diuretic. Caution is advised when using @entity1369 blockade for BP control in @entity1 with advanced stage 3 @entity8 with a serum @entity972 of >4.5 mEq/l for safety reasons.

title: Predictors of @entity4144 risk following @entity101 control with XXXX blockade.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['nephropathy']

entities_list: @entity1369 :: ('MESH:D000450', 'Chemical') :: ['Aldosterone', 'aldosterone']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity2316 :: ('MESH:D003928', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic nephropathy']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['CKD', 'chronic kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity4144 :: ('MESH:D006947', 'Disease') :: ['hyperkalemia']

answer: @entity1369 :: (MESH:D000450,Chemical) :: ['aldosterone']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Research on and intervention for @entity1 @entity734 and @entity146 toward @entity1 have been severely hampered because there have been no agreed-upon, clinically usable definitions. METHODS: We have (a) proposed and field-tested a set of criteria to operationally define @entity1 @entity734 for clinical settings and (b) used these criteria to design a parent-report measure of parental @entity146 and @entity1 @entity734 that could be used in research. In this paper, we review the development and field trials of these criteria for making substantiation decisions. RESULTS: Agreement between master reviewers and field decisions was extremely high in a 5-site development trial (96% agreement, k=.89) and a 41-site dissemination trial (90% agreement, k=.73). We compare these criteria to other research criteria in the literature. We then present data collected using a self-report measure designed to parallel these criteria from an anonymous online survey of US Air Force personnel and their spouses. The final sample (N=52,780) was weighted to be representative of the United States civilian population. The prevalence of parents' emotionally aggressive acts was much higher than the prevalence of @entity734 (acts plus impact), but rates of parents' acts of @entity146 were lower than those typically reported in the literature. Additional analyses tested for differential effects due to gender of perpetrator (i.e., mothers or fathers), age of victim, and clustering within families. These factors did not drive rates of @entity146 or abuse. CONCLUSIONS: In sum, the criteria developed and proposed appear to support reliable clinical decision making regarding @entity1 @entity734 and can be translated to research survey tools that better capture the continuum of parents' @entity146 and @entity1 @entity734 than the measures that are currently available, advancing the state of the science with respect to @entity1 @entity734 .

title: XXXX @entity146 and abuse: definitions and prevalence.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'child']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['emotional abuse']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['emotional aggression', 'aggression']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Child']


abstract: Dendrimers are being explored in many preclinical studies as drug, gene, and imaging agent delivery systems. Understanding their detailed organ, tissue, cellular uptake, and retention can provide valuable insights into their effectiveness as delivery vehicles and the associated @entity137 . This work explores a fluorescence-quantification based assay that enables simultaneous quantitative biodistribution and imaging of dendrimers with a single agent. We have labeled an @entity9373 -core generation-4 @entity3787 -terminated @entity21454 ( @entity21455 ) dendrimer using the fluorescent photostable, near-IR @entity10502 dye (Cy5) and performed quantitative and qualitative biodistribution of the dendrimer-Cy5 conjugates (D-Cy5) in healthy neonatal @entity95 and neonatal @entity95 with @entity306 ( @entity306 ). The biodistribution of D-Cy5 and free Cy5 dye was evaluated in newborn @entity95 , based on the developed quantification methods using fluorescence spectroscopy, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and supported by microscopic imaging. The uptake was assessed in the brain, heart, liver, lungs, kidneys, blood serum, and urine. Results obtained based on these three independent methods are in good agreement and indicate the fast renal clearance of D-Cy5 and free Cy5 with relatively higher organs accumulation of the D-Cy5 conjugate. Following systemic administration, the D-Cy5 mainly accumulated in kidneys and bladder at 24 h. The quantitative biodistribution is in good agreement with previous studies based on radiolabeling. These methods for dendrimers quantification are easier and more practical, provide excellent sensitivity (reaching 0.1 ng per gram of tissue), and allow for quantification of dendrimers in different organs over longer time periods without concerns for radioactive decay, while also enabling tissue and cellular imaging in the same animal. In kits with @entity2241 induced @entity306 , there was a significantly higher uptake of D-Cy5 in the brain, while biodistribution in other organs was similar to that of healthy kits.

title: Biodistribution of fluorescently labeled XXXX dendrimers in neonatal @entity95 : effect of neuroinflammation.

entities_list: @entity9373 :: ('MESH:C031234', 'Chemical') :: ['ethylenediamine']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity21454 :: ('MESH:C531249', 'Chemical') :: ['poly(amidoamine)']

entities_list: @entity3787 :: ('MESH:D017665', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxyl']

entities_list: @entity2241 :: ('MESH:D005315', 'Disease') :: ['fetal-neuroinflammation']

entities_list: @entity306 :: ('MESH:D002547', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral palsy', 'CP']

answer: @entity21455 :: (CHEBI:53199,Chemical) :: ['PAMAM']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Diets high in @entity6221 ( @entity8981 ) such as a Mediterranean diet may reduce the risk of @entity65 by improving insulin sensitivity and serum lipids. Besides being high in @entity8981 , a Mediterranean diet also contains abundant plant foods, moderate wine and low amounts of meat and dairy products, which may also play a role. We compared the effects of a high @entity8981 -diet with a diet high in @entity1718 (SFA) and the additional effect of a Mediterranean diet on insulin sensitivity and serum lipids. METHODS AND RESULTS: A randomized parallel controlled-feeding trial was performed, in 60 non-diabetics (40-65 y) with mild @entity1144 . After a two week run-in diet high in SFA (19 energy-%), subjects were allocated to a high @entity8981 -diet (20 energy-%), a Mediterranean diet ( @entity8981 21 energy-%), or the high SFA-diet, for eight weeks. The high @entity8981 and the Mediterranean diet did not affect fasting insulin concentrations. The high @entity8981 -diet reduced total @entity165 (-0.41 mmol/L, 95% CI -0.74, -0.09) and LDL- @entity165 (-0.38 mmol/L, 95% CI -0.65, -0.11) compared with the high @entity10194 -diet, but not @entity412 concentrations. The Mediterranean diet increased HDL- @entity165 concentrations (+0.09 mmol/L, 95% CI 0.0, 0.18) and reduced the ratio of total @entity165 /HDL- @entity165 (-0.39, 95% CI -0.62, -0.16) compared with the high @entity8981 -diet. CONCLUSION: Replacing a high SFA-diet with a high @entity8981 or a Mediterranean diet did not affect insulin sensitivity, but improved serum lipids. The Mediterranean diet was most effective, it reduced total and LDL- @entity165 , and also increased HDL- @entity165 and reduced total @entity165 /HDL- @entity165 ratio.

title: Effect of a high @entity6221 diet and a Mediterranean diet on serum lipids and insulin sensitivity in adults with mild XXXX .

entities_list: @entity6221 :: ('MESH:D005229', 'Chemical') :: ['monounsaturated fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity1144 :: ('MESH:D056128', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal obesity']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['saturated fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular diseases']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity1144 :: (MESH:D056128,Disease) :: ['abdominal obesity']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The prognostic impact of ECG left ventricular strain and @entity4346 ( @entity4346 ) in asymptomatic @entity472 is not well described. METHODS AND RESULTS: Data were obtained in asymptomatic @entity1 randomized to @entity3413 / @entity3709 combination versus placebo in the @entity3413 and Ezetimibe in @entity472 (SEAS) study. Primary end point was the first of @entity583 , @entity64 , @entity712 , @entity886 , or @entity65 . The predictive value of ECG left ventricular strain (defined as T-wave inversion in leads V(4) through V(6)) and @entity4346 , assessed by Sokolow-Lyon voltage criteria (R(V5-6)+S(V1) >= 35 mV) and Cornell voltage-duration criteria {[RaVL+S(V3)+(6 mV in @entity1 )] QRS duration >= 2440 mV    ms}, was evaluated by adjustment for other prognostic covariates. A total of 1533 @entity1 were followed for 4.3  0.8 years (6592 @entity1 -years of follow-up), and 627 cardiovascular events occurred. ECG strain was present in 340 @entity1 (23.6%), with @entity4346 by Sokolow-Lyon voltage in 260 (17.1%) and by Cornell voltage-duration product in 220 (14.6%). In multivariable analyses, ECG left ventricular strain was associated with 3.1-fold higher risk of in-study @entity583 (95% confidence interval, 1.4-6.8; P=0.004). Similarly, ECG @entity4346 by both criteria predicted, compared with no ECG @entity4346 , 5.8-fold higher risk of @entity712 (95% confidence interval, 2.0-16.8), 2.0-fold higher risk of @entity886 (95% confidence interval, 1.3-3.1; both P=0.001), and 2.5-fold higher risk of a combined end point of @entity583 , @entity712 , or @entity65 (95% confidence interval, 1.3-4.9; P=0.008). CONCLUSIONS: ECG left ventricular strain and @entity4346 were independently predictive of poor prognosis in @entity1 with asymptomatic @entity472 . CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00092677.

title: Clinical implications of electrocardiographic left ventricular strain and hypertrophy in asymptomatic XXXX with @entity472 : the @entity3413 and Ezetimibe in @entity472 study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['nonhemorrhagic stroke']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity3413 :: ('MESH:D019821', 'Chemical') :: ['Simvastatin', 'simvastatin']

entities_list: @entity886 :: ('MESH:C563178', 'Disease') :: ['aortic valve replacement']

entities_list: @entity3709 :: ('MESH:C108606', 'Chemical') :: ['ezetimibe']

entities_list: @entity4346 :: ('MESH:D017379', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular hypertrophy', 'LVH']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity472 :: ('MESH:D001024', 'Disease') :: ['Aortic Stenosis', 'aortic stenosis']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular death']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: @entity1957 ( @entity1957 ) is a global measure of corticospinal excitability in transcranial magnetic stimulation determined over the primary motor cortex. It is commonly quantified as stimulation intensity (SI( @entity1957 )) able to induce a muscle response over certain threshold amplitude after 5/10 consecutive stimuli. SI( @entity1957 ) is known to be dependent on @entity550 ( @entity550 ). Hypothetically, the effect of @entity550 on SI( @entity1957 ) could be removed by using a computed estimate for the stimulus-induced maximum cortical electric field at @entity1957 level (EF( @entity1957 )). The CCDs of six volunteers were artificially increased by a maximum of 16.3  3.5mm in 5-7 steps. At each @entity550 , the @entity1957 was estimated for the first dorsal interosseous muscle of the right hand as SI( @entity1957 ) and EF( @entity1957 ) as well as threshold curves. We found that SI( @entity1957 ) correlated with @entity550 while EF( @entity1957 ) did not. @entity550 had a significant effect on the within-subject variation in SI( @entity1957 ) (F(6,28)=80.16, p<0.0001), but not in EF( @entity1957 ) (F(6,28)=0.69, p=0.656) (analysis of variance). Furthermore, @entity550 had a minor, but significant within-subject effect on single-trial motor evoked potentials induced at different stimulation intensities, whereas the obvious major effect was caused by stimulation intensity. In conclusion, EF( @entity1957 ) can be used as a measure of corticospinal excitability instead of SI( @entity1957 ) to reduce the effect of within-subject variation in @entity550 .

title: Within-subject effect of XXXX on cortical electric field threshold and motor evoked potentials in transcranial magnetic stimulation.

entities_list: @entity1957 :: ('MESH:D019957', 'Disease') :: ['Motor threshold', 'MT']

entities_list: @entity550 :: ('MESH:D000303', 'Disease') :: ['CCD', 'coil-to-cortex distance']

answer: @entity550 :: (MESH:D000303,Disease) :: ['coil-to-cortex distance']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Revived interest in sympathetic surgery originated in orthopaedics. Royle's theories and operations. Their trial, failure and final abandonment. Value of sympathetic operations widely investigated; while finality has not been reached they have proved effective for three main purposes: (1) Relief of @entity158 especially in @entity1494 . (2) Removal of inhibition and sphincteric @entity2473 in alimentary, anal and @entity1494 . (3) Production of vaso-dilatation in (a) vaso-spastic diseases; (b) vaso-degenerative diseases; (c) conditions not due to @entity455 in which increased blood supply is beneficial. @entity3328 falls into the last group.-Cause of poor blood supply uncertain; ? lack of function; ? upset of some reflex; ? @entity912 of vaso-dilators.TWO PROBLEMS ARISE, BOTH OF WHICH MAY BE TREATED BY OPERATIONS ON THE SYMPATHETIC: (1) The cold, blue limb, which develops @entity27903 , sores, or even deep @entity1066 every winter, often stopping treatment and requiring @entity1 to be confined to bed. (2) The limb with considerable and rapidly increasing shortening. Sometimes these limbs show a fair return of power, and were it not for the heavy boot made necessary by the shortening, the @entity1 could be made to walk well.Method of attack.-(1) Periarterial sympathectomy; (2) ramisectomy; (3) ganglionectomy. Physiological basis of each. Criticism of (1) and (2).Details of the operation for ganglionectomy.-Alternative approaches and their advantages. The immediate and late results of the procedure.Five cases discussed briefly.

title: The Place of Operations upon the Sympathetic System in the Treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['arterial disease']

entities_list: @entity3328 :: ('MESH:D011051', 'Disease') :: ['Poliomyelitis']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bladder diseases']

entities_list: @entity27903 :: ('MESH:D002647', 'Disease') :: ['chilblains']

entities_list: @entity912 :: ('MESH:D010243', 'Disease') :: ['paralysis']

answer: @entity3328 :: (MESH:D011051,Disease) :: ['Poliomyelitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: Intestinal @entity82 and @entity850 formation is an unresolved problem in @entity30 . The aim of this study was to investigate whether mast cells accumulate in these tissues and whether their localisation is associated with extracellular matrix components. METHODS: Mast cells were visualised by immunohistochemical staining of the mast cell specific proteases chymase and tryptase. Their localisation in relation to extracellular matrix components was shown by immunohistochemical double labelling. RESULTS: In strictures in @entity30 , a striking accumulation of mast cells was seen particularly in the @entity1184 and fibrotic muscularis propria, with a mean (SEM) mast cell number of 81.3 (14.9) v 1.5 (0.9)/mm(2) in normal bowel (p<0.0005). All mast cells in the muscularis propria were colocalised with patches of laminin. In contrast, in the submucosa, laminin was exclusively found in the basal lamina of blood vessels where many adherent mast cells were seen. No colocalisation of mast cells was found with fibronectin or @entity4732 . CONCLUSIONS: The large accumulation of mast cells in the muscle layer of strictured bowel suggests a functional role for these cells in the @entity1184 and fibrotic response of the smooth muscle cells. The colocalisation with laminin indicates a mechanism of interaction between smooth muscle cells and mast cells that may be important in the role of mast cells in the process of @entity82 .

title: Strictures in XXXX are characterised by an accumulation of mast cells colocalised with laminin but not with fibronectin or @entity4732 .

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophic', 'hypertrophied']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stricture']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ["Crohn's disease"]

answer: @entity30 :: (MESH:D003424,Disease) :: ['Crohn's disease']


abstract: We have determined the @entity377 (nt) sequence of the 7.5-kb COR segment that encompasses a cluster of six genes ( @entity10937 , @entity33172 , @entity33173 , @entity33174 , @entity33175 ) located on chromosome X of the @entity375 @entity375 . This sequence revealed five open reading frames and a tRNA gene which correspond in position, size and orientation to the transcripts previously identified by Barry et al. [Mol. Cell. Biol. 7 (1987) 632-638]. The extensively studied @entity10937 gene encodes iso-1-cytochrome c; the @entity33172 and @entity33173 genes encode dispensible proteins whose functions are unknown; the @entity33174 gene encodes a protein required for growth on @entity4372 media; the tRNA(Gly) gene encodes a glycine tRNA; and the @entity33175 gene encodes a protein required for repair of UV-induced damage. The @entity33174 protein contains a signal sequence for secretion and a region similar to @entity3007 -binding domains. The @entity33175 protein displays 5'-untranslated elements similar to those of the stress-inducible gene @entity8290 . The nt sequence upstream from the tRNA(Gly) gene contains a diverged copy of the sigma repeated element. This cluster of COR genes appears to have an ancestral relationship with the cluster of ARC genes on chromosome V.

title: Nucleotide sequence of the COR region: a cluster of six genes in the @entity375 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity4372 :: ('MESH:D009122', 'Disease') :: ['hypertonic']

entities_list: @entity377 :: ('CHEBI:36976', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotide']

entities_list: @entity375 :: ('4932', 'Species') :: ['yeast', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae']

answer: @entity375 :: (4932,Species) :: ['Saccharomyces cerevisiae']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity27 ( @entity27 ) is an important risk factor for the development of @entity65 including @entity583 ( @entity583 ). The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of @entity27 on prognosis after @entity583 , and to determine which specific measures of @entity27 severity best predicted outcomes. METHODS AND RESULTS: We performed a prospective study, in which 112 @entity1 without a prior diagnosis of @entity387 underwent comprehensive polysomnography within a median of 7  days after @entity583 . @entity1 were followed up at 6-monthly intervals (  2  weeks) for a total of 48  months. @entity1 classified with central @entity386 (n=6) or those using continuous positive airway pressure (n=8) after polysomnography were excluded from analyses. The primary end point was major adverse @entity299 , including death from any cause, recurrent @entity583 , @entity1459 , @entity712 , @entity64 , and significant arrhythmic events. Forty of 98 @entity1 (41%) had @entity27 ( @entity386 - @entity387 index >= 15  events/h). @entity27 @entity1 had higher major adverse cardiac event rates when compared to those without @entity27 (47.5% versus 24.1%;   (2)=5.41, P=0.020). In a multivariate model that adjusted for clinically relevant variables including age, left ventricular ejection fraction, @entity6 , @entity26 desaturation index, and arousal index, significant @entity519 , as defined by nocturnal nadir @entity26 saturation  <=85%, was an independent risk factor for major adverse @entity299 (hazard ratio=6.05, P=0.004) in follow-up 15  months after baseline. CONCLUSIONS: @entity519 in @entity27 is an important predictor of poor prognosis for @entity1 after @entity583 . These findings suggest that routine use of low-cost nocturnal oximetry may be an economical and practical approach to stratify risk in @entity583 @entity1 .

title: XXXX Due to Obstructive Sleep Apnea Is an  Independent Predictor of Poor Prognosis After @entity583 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity387 :: ('MESH:D012891', 'Disease') :: ['hypopnea', 'sleep apnea']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity27 :: ('MESH:D020181', 'Disease') :: ['Obstructive sleep apnea', 'OSA']

entities_list: @entity1459 :: ('MESH:D000789', 'Disease') :: ['unstable angina']

entities_list: @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxemia', 'Nocturnal hypoxemia']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac events']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['post-MI', 'myocardial infarction', 'MI']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular diseases']

answer: @entity519 :: (MESH:D000860,Disease) :: ['Nocturnal Hypoxemia']


abstract: @entity2232 is a vasoconstrictor peptide derived from endothelial cells and now known to be a local regulator of vascular tonus. Recent studies, however, have revealed that @entity2232 functions also as growth factor in various cells. By using a specific @entity2232 radioimmunoassay, immunoreactive (IR) @entity2232 , ranging from 4.2 to 150 pM (minimum detectable amount, 4.0 pM), was detected in 13 of 42 @entity1 @entity5 cell lines. The frequencies of IR- @entity2232 production and its concentrations were high in mammary, pancreatic, and @entity694 cell lines. IR- @entity2232 produced by @entity5 cells possessed the same molecular size as synthetic @entity2232 and also had @entity2232 -like biological activity. Moreover, Northern blot analysis revealed bands corresponding to @entity2232 mRNA in @entity5 cell lines, indicating that IR- @entity2232 produced by @entity5 cells is a product of the @entity2232 gene. Since @entity2232 in the spent media is present in a sufficient amount to stimulate cellular growth, we sought @entity2232 receptors in four @entity3123 cell lines and @entity1 skin fibroblasts. No @entity2232 receptors were detected in the @entity3123 cell lines. However, @entity1 skin fibroblasts possessed a large number of @entity2232 receptors. This finding raises the possibility that @entity2232 produced by @entity5 cells plays a modulatory role in the growth of stromal cells surrounding @entity5 cells.

title: Production of endothelin in XXXX @entity5 cell lines.

entities_list: @entity3123 :: ('MESH:C562463', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon carcinoma']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: The major action of serum on gram-negative organisms is thought to be on the microbial envelope. We compared the effects of normal @entity1 and rabbit serum on the envelope lipids of two strains of @entity5134 , one sensitive and one resistant to the bactericidal effects of serum. During killing by either serum, the sensitive strain underwent rapid permeability changes coincident with degradation of microbial phospholipids. The resistant strain exhibited none of these effects. The phospholipid degradation that accompanies killing of the sensitive strain by serum could be caused by phospholipases present in serum or by Serratia's own phospholipid-splitting enzymes. The results indicate that phospholipid breakdown is caused by activation of bacterial of bacterial phospholipases and not by serum phospholipases. This conclusion is based upon the following findings.(i1 Although rabbit serum @entity35169 was at least 10 times more active than human serum @entity35169 , phospholipid degradation in the sensitive Serratia strain was comparable during (equally rapid) killing by @entity1 or rabbit serum. (ii) Heat treatment (56 C) of both sera eliminated bactericidal activity as well as microbial lipid degradation but abolished phospholipase activity of human serum only. (iii) Virtually complete removal of @entity35169 activity from human serum by adsorption onto autoclaved @entity7178 had no effect on the extent of phospholipid hydrolysis or on bactericidal activity. Activation by serum of endogenous phospholipase activity in @entity5134 was accompanied by enhanced incorporation of lipid precursors into bacterial lipids. No evidence was found for increased turnover of protein or ribonucleic acid during killing by serum.

title: Effects of @entity1 and rabbit serum on viability, permeability, and envelope lipids of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5134 :: ('615', 'Species') :: ['Serratia marcescens', 'S. marcescens']

entities_list: @entity7178 :: ('1270', 'Species') :: ['Micrococcus lysodeikticus']

answer: @entity5134 :: (615,Species) :: ['Serratia marcescens']


abstract: The efficacy and safety of a new @entity1245 antagonist, @entity5757 , were assessed in a double-blind multicenter study. @entity5757 (mean dose, 0.76 mg) or placebo (mean dose, 8.9 ml) was administered intravenously to 130 and 67 @entity1 , respectively, who had been given @entity3175 in conjunction with an opioid ( @entity3575 , @entity6882 , or @entity1286 ) for the induction and maintenance of intravenous conscious sedation for diagnostic or therapeutic surgical procedures. The group assessable for efficacy comprised 122 @entity1 treated with @entity5757 and 64 @entity1 given placebo. After 5 minutes, 80/115 (70%) @entity5757 -treated @entity1 , compared with 21/63 (33%) placebo-treated @entity1 , were completely awake and alert, as indicated by a score of 5 on the Observer's Assessment of Alertness/Sedation Scale. Ninety-five percent of @entity1 in each group who attained a score of 5 at the 5-minute assessment showed no loss of alertness throughout the 180-minute assessment period. @entity5757 -treated @entity1 also performed significantly better on the Finger-to-Nose Test and the recall of pictures shown at the 5-minute assessment. @entity5757 was well tolerated, with no serious adverse effects reported. Thirty-nine (30%) of @entity5757 -treated @entity1 , compared with 17 (25%) of placebo-treated @entity1 had one or more drug-related adverse experiences. The most common adverse effects were @entity390 and @entity391 in the @entity5757 group and @entity390 and injection-site @entity158 in the placebo group. @entity5757 was found to promptly reverse sedation induced by @entity3175 in the presence of opioids.

title: Reversal of central @entity1245 effects by @entity5757 after intravenous conscious sedation with @entity3175 and opioids: report of a double-blind multicenter study. The @entity5757 in Intravenous Conscious Sedation with XXXX Multicenter Study Group II.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3175 :: ('MESH:D003975', 'Chemical') :: ['diazepam']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity6882 :: ('MESH:D008614', 'Chemical') :: ['meperidine']

entities_list: @entity1245 :: ('MESH:D001569', 'Chemical') :: ['benzodiazepine']

entities_list: @entity5757 :: ('MESH:D005442', 'Chemical') :: ['flumazenil', 'Flumazenil']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine']

entities_list: @entity3575 :: ('MESH:D005283', 'Chemical') :: ['fentanyl']

answer: @entity3175 :: (MESH:D003975,Chemical) :: ['Diazepam']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Nucleus pulposus of intervertebral discs has proinflammatory characteristics that play a key role in @entity9 in lumbar herniated @entity1798 . One of the most commonly used animal models (the traditional model) of @entity2850 is created by L4-L5 hemilaminectomy and the application of autologous nucleus pulposus to cover the left L4 and L5 nerve roots in @entity35 . However, such procedures have the disadvantages of excessive @entity130 and low success rate. We proposed a modified model of @entity2850 in which only the left L5 dorsal root ganglion is exposed and transplanted with autologous nucleus pulposus following incision of epineurium. We aimed to compare the modified model with the traditional one with regard to @entity130 and success rate. METHODS: Thirty Sprague-Dawley male @entity35 were randomized into three groups: sham operation group (n = 6), traditional group (n = 12), and modified group (n = 12). The amount of @entity190 and operative time for each group were analyzed. The paw withdrawal threshold of the left hind limb to mechanical stimuli and paw withdrawal latency to heat stimuli were examined from the day before surgery to day 35 after surgery. RESULTS: Compared with the traditional group, the modified group had shorter operative time, smaller amount of @entity190 , and higher success rate (91.7% versus 58.3%, P < 0.05). There was no decrease in paw withdrawal latency in any group. The sham operation group had no decrease in postoperative paw withdrawal threshold, whereas the modified and traditional groups had significant reduction in paw withdrawal threshold after surgery (mechanical @entity1931 ). CONCLUSIONS: Transplantation of nucleus pulposus onto the L5 dorsal root ganglion following incision of epineurium in @entity35 established an improved animal model of @entity2850 with less @entity130 and more stable @entity158 ethology.

title: Autologous nucleus pulposus transplantation to lumbar 5 dorsal root ganglion after epineurium dissection in XXXX : a modified model of @entity2850 .

entities_list: @entity1931 :: ('MESH:D006930', 'Disease') :: ['hyperalgesia']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity2850 :: ('MESH:D009408', 'Disease') :: ['non-compressive lumbar herniated intervertebral disc']

entities_list: @entity1798 :: ('MESH:C535531', 'Disease') :: ['intervertebral disc']

entities_list: @entity9 :: ('MESH:D009437', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathic pain']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: In the worldwide quest for producing biofuels from lignocellulosic biomass, the importance of the substrate pretreatment is becoming increasingly apparent. This work examined the effects of reducing the substrate particle sizes of @entity3505 straw by grinding prior to wet oxidation and enzymatic hydrolysis. The yields of @entity413 and xylose were assessed after treatments with a benchmark cellulase system consisting of Celluclast 1.5 L ( @entity8869 ) and Novozym 188 beta-glucosidase ( @entity11150 ). Both wet oxidized and not wet oxidized @entity3505 straw particles gave increased @entity413 release with reduced particle size. After wet oxidation, the @entity413 release from the smallest particles (53-149 mum) reached 90% of the theoretical maximum after 24 h of enzyme treatment. The corresponding @entity413 release from the wet oxidized reference samples (2-4 cm) was approximately 65% of the theoretical maximum. The xylose release only increased (by up to 39%) with particle size decrease for the straw particles that had not been wet oxidized. Wet oxidation pretreatment increased the enzymatic xylose release by 5.4 times and the @entity413 release by 1.8 times across all particle sizes. Comparison of scanning electron microscopy images of the straw particles revealed edged, nonspherical, porous particles with variable surface structures as a result of the grinding. Wet oxidation pretreatment tore up the surface structures of the particles to retain vascular bundles of xylem and phloem. The enzymatic hydrolysis left behind a significant amount of solid, apparently porous structures within all particles size groups of both the not wet oxidized and wet oxidized particles.

title: Influence of substrate particle size and wet oxidation on physical surface structures and enzymatic hydrolysis of XXXX straw.

entities_list: @entity8869 :: ('51453', 'Species') :: ['Trichoderma reesei']

entities_list: @entity11150 :: ('5061', 'Species') :: ['Aspergillus niger']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity3505 :: (4565,Species) :: ['wheat']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: We analyzed the prevalence of @entity1944 in @entity1 with fistulizing @entity30 ( @entity30 ), including the @entity6820 / @entity6820 and @entity14283 genotype status. METHODS: Medical records of n = 1,110 @entity1 with @entity29 were screened for @entity1 with fistulizing and stricturing @entity30 . Study inclusion required diagnosis of @entity850 made within 6 months of diagnosing @entity292 . @entity30 -associated @entity6820 and @entity14283 variants were genotyped. Similarly, we prospectively investigated 42 @entity1 presenting with fistulizing @entity30 . RESULTS: In the retrospective study (n = 333 @entity30 @entity1 ), @entity292 were found in 145 (43.5%) @entity1 and stenoses in 223 (67.0%) @entity1 . Concomitant @entity850 was diagnosed in 125 @entity1 with @entity292 resulting in a positive predictive value ( @entity2286 ) of 86.2% for @entity292 predicting @entity1944 (p = 5.53 x 10(-11); OR 5.74, 95% CI 3.22-10.50). In logistic regression analysis, presence of @entity292 (OR 4.51; 95% CI 2.54-8.01, p = 2.68 x 10(-7)) and disease duration (OR 1.09; 95% CI 1.05-1.13; p = 3.19 x 10(-6)) were strongly associated with @entity1944 . @entity6820 genotype information, but not @entity14283 status, increased the @entity2286 for the correct diagnosis of @entity850 ( @entity2286 = 89.9%). All homozygous carriers (100%) of @entity6820 variants with fistulizing @entity30 were diagnosed with @entity850 ; 1007fs homozygotes were found more often among @entity1 with @entity292 and stenoses than in @entity1 without stenoses and @entity292 (p = 0.00037). Similar results were found in the prospective analysis, in which 83.3% of the @entity1 with fistulizing @entity30 had concomitant @entity850 . CONCLUSION: Fistulizing @entity30 is strongly associated with @entity1944 , particularly in homozygous carriers of @entity6820 mutations.

title: The presence of @entity292 and @entity6820 homozygosity strongly predict @entity1944 in XXXX independent of the @entity14283 genotype.

entities_list: @entity1944 :: ('MESH:D007410', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal stenosis', 'concomitant intestinal stenosis']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel diseases']

entities_list: @entity292 :: ('MESH:D005402', 'Disease') :: ['fistulas']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ['CD', "Crohn's disease"]

answer: @entity30 :: (MESH:D003424,Disease) :: ['Crohn's disease']


abstract: Physical activity is an important aspect of good health for everyone; it is even more important for @entity146 @entity1 who usually live an unhealthy lifestyle. In recent years, there has been growing focus on the use of soccer as a vehicle to improve the health of subjects with severe @entity1032 . The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of soccer practice on the self-reported health quality of life (SRHQL) and sports performance (SP) in @entity716 subjects. Eighteen male @entity1 with diagnosis of @entity161 were randomized into either a trained (TG) or a control group (CG). The TG was trained for 12 weeks using two soccer training sessions per week. The CG did not perform any regular sports activity during the experimental period. Anthropometric measurements, SRHQL, personal time records in a 30 meter sprint test and slalom test running with a ball were evaluated before and after the experimental period. SRHQL was assessed using Short Form-12 questionnaire measuring physical and mental component summary scores. After the training period, the TG showed a relevant decrease by 4.6% in bodyweight (BW) and body mass index compared to baseline. Conversely, the CG showed an increased BW and body mass index by 1.8% from baseline to posttest. Moreover, after 12 weeks we found that control @entity1 increased their BW significantly when compared to trained @entity1 (/\ = 5.4%; P < 0.05). After the training period, comparing the baseline TG's Short Form-12-scores to posttest results, we found an improvement of 10.5% and 10.8% in physical component summary and mental component summary, respectively. In addition, performances on the 30 meter sprint test and slalom test running with a ball in the TG improved significantly (P < 0.01) from baseline to posttest when compared to CG. Soccer practice appears able to improve psychophysical health in individuals with diagnosis of @entity161 . Indeed, our study demonstrated that programmed soccer physical activity could reduce antipsychotic medication-related @entity1017 and improve SRHQL and sports performance in @entity716 subjects.

title: Soccer practice as an add-on treatment in the management of individuals with a diagnosis of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['mental illness']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['weight gain']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychotic']

answer: @entity161 :: (MESH:D012559,Disease) :: ['schizophrenia']


abstract: @entity6824 is the well-known ligand for @entity6823 , which plays a vital role in monocyte-macrophage generation, survival, and function. @entity6825 is a newly discovered cytokine that also signals through @entity6823 . Although there are limited data for downstream signaling and pathway activation for @entity6824 , none are published, to date, for expression profiles of @entity6825 . The objective of this study was to characterize and compare the signaling pathways downstream of the @entity6823 receptor, based on these two ligands. This was accomplished through transcriptional profiling and pathway analysis of @entity5750 (+) @entity1 monocytes differentiated with each ligand. Additionally, cells were treated with a @entity6823 inhibitor @entity30709 to establish that observations associated with each ligand were @entity6823 mediated. Gene expression profiles were generated for each condition using Agilent 4x44K Whole @entity1 Genome Microarrays. Overall profiles generated by each cytokine were similar (~75% of genes) with a dampened effect noted on some pathways (~25% of genes) with @entity6825 . One key difference observed, between the two cytokines was in the repression of @entity9172 message. A similar divergence in protein level was established by FACS analysis. The differential effect on @entity9172 expression has major implications for monocyte/macrophage biology including homeostasis and function. Further study of @entity6825 effects on monocyte/macrophage biology will shed light on the specific role each ligand plays and the context in which these roles are important. To our knowledge, this study is the first to illustrate downstream transcriptional profiles and pathways of @entity6825 in comparison with @entity6824 and identify notable differences in @entity9172 expression.

title: Transcriptional profiling and pathway analysis of @entity6824 and @entity6825 effects on XXXX monocyte differentiation.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The mechanism behind the triggering effect of fine particulate matter (PM) air pollution on cardiovascular events remains elusive. We postulated that elevated levels of PM would be associated with increased blood levels of inflammatory and thrombotic markers in elderly individuals. We also hypothesized that elevated PM would increase levels of cytokines in individuals with @entity299 . METHODS: We measured these blood markers in 47 elderly individuals with (23) and without (16 COPD and 8 healthy) @entity65 ( @entity65 ) on 2 or 3 mornings over a 5 or 10-day period between February 2000 and March 2002. Blood measures were paired with residence level outdoor PM measured by nephelometry. Analyses determined the within-individual effect of 24-hour averaged outdoor PM on blood measures. RESULTS: Analyses found no statistically significant effect of a same day 10 ug/m3 increase in fine PM on log transformed levels of @entity5259 .21 fold-rise [95% CI: 0.86, 1.70], @entity2002 1.02 fold-rise [95% CI: 0.98, 1.06], or D-dimer 1.02 fold-rise [95% CI: 0.88, 1.17] in individuals with @entity65 . One-day lagged analyses in the @entity65 subgroup found similar null results. These same models found no change in these blood markers at the same-day or 1-day lag in the group without @entity65 . In 21 individuals with @entity65 , a 10 mug/m3 increase in same-day PM was associated with a 1.3 fold-rise [95% CI: 1.1, 1.7] in the level of @entity2842 . CONCLUSION: We did not find consistent effects of low ambient levels of PM on blood measures of @entity32 or @entity715 in elderly individuals.

title: A community study of the effect of particulate matter on blood measures of XXXX and @entity715 in an elderly population.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity2842 :: ('6347', 'Gene') :: ['monocyte chemoattractant protein-1']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart disease']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['CVD', 'cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity32 :: (MESH:D007249,Disease) :: ['inflammation']


abstract: @entity3520 represent a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of @entity717 . The most severe and frequent form of @entity3520 is early-onset @entity3519 , @entity7922 . The @entity7922 gene (Ozelius et al., 1997) encodes an ATP-binding protein torsin A. A unique 3-bp deletion (GAG) was found in the heterozygous state in almost all @entity1 with early-onset @entity3519 from different populations. We observed 39 @entity1 with early-onset generalized @entity24987 belonging to 22 families from Russia. Seven families were of Ashkenazi Jewish (AJ) ethnic background, and other @entity1 originated from the Slavonic population of Russia. The GAG deletion was identified in 24 affected @entity1 from 15 families (68.2% of the families studied). In all the 7 families of AJ origin the disease was found to be caused by the deletion. In Slavs, the deletion was identified in 8 of 15 families (53%). In two deletion-positive families we observed the co-occurrence of typical early-onset @entity3519 and atypical phenotypes-either isolated postural hand @entity400 or stutter.

title: A common 3-bp deletion in the XXXX gene in Russian families with early-onset torsion dystonia.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity24987 :: ('MESH:D004422', 'Disease') :: ['torsion dystonia']

entities_list: @entity3520 :: ('MESH:D020821', 'Disease') :: ['Hereditary torsion dystonia', 'hereditary torsion dystonia']

entities_list: @entity3519 :: ('MESH:D004421', 'Disease') :: ['dystonia', 'generalized dystonia']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['movement disorders']

answer: @entity7922 :: (1861,Gene) :: ['DYT1']


abstract: Tumor @entity519 hampers the efficacy of radiotherapy because of its increased resistance to ionizing radiation. The aim of the present study was to estimate the potential added clinical value of the specific @entity519 tracer @entity31016 ( @entity15437 ) over commonly used @entity419 in the treatment of advanced-stage @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ). METHODS: Eleven @entity1 with stage III or stage IV @entity1149 underwent @entity419 and @entity15437 PET before chemoradiotherapy. The maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) was used to depict @entity419 uptake, and the @entity5 -to-background (T/B) ratio and @entity5 fractional @entity519 volume (FHV) were used to quantify @entity519 . The spatial correlation between @entity419 and @entity15437 uptake values was investigated using voxel-based analysis. Partial-volume correction was applied. RESULTS: All 11 @entity1 showed clear uptake of @entity15437 in the @entity5 . However, different patterns of @entity419 and @entity15437 uptake distributions were observed and varied widely among different @entity5 . No significant correlation was observed between @entity419 SUVmax and @entity8984 -FAZA T/B ratio (P = 0.055). The median FHV of 1.4 was 48.4% (range, 5.0-91.5). A significant positive correlation was found between the @entity8984 -FAZA T/B ratio and FHV of 1.4 (P < 0.001). There was no correlation between the lesion size and FHV or between the @entity8984 -FDG SUVmax and FHV. The pattern of tumoral @entity419 uptake was rather homogeneous, whereas @entity15437 uptake was more heterogeneous, suggesting that @entity15437 identifies @entity519 areas within metabolically active areas of @entity5 . A significant correlation between @entity419 SUVmax and lesion size (P = 0.002) was observed. CONCLUSION: @entity8984 -FAZA PET imaging is able to detect heterogeneous distributions of @entity519 subvolumes out of homogeneous @entity419 background in a clinical setting. Therefore, @entity15437 might be considered a tool for guiding dose escalation to the @entity519 fraction of the @entity5 .

title: PET imaging of @entity5 XXXX using @entity31016 in stage III-IV @entity1149 @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity31016 :: ('MESH:C498052', 'Chemical') :: ['(18)F-fluoroazomycin arabinoside']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'primary tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxic', 'hypoxia']

answer: @entity519 :: (MESH:D000860,Disease) :: ['hypoxia']


abstract: Dianthus superbus (D. superbus) is a traditional crude drug used for the treatment of @entity6369 , carbuncles and @entity189 . The objective of this study was to confirm the cognitive enhancing effect of D. superbus in @entity2414 induced @entity19 and to elucidate the possible potential mechanism. Effect of D. superbus on @entity5591 induced @entity2414 on @entity19 was evaluated using the Morris water maze and passive avoidance tests. We also investigated @entity4360 ( @entity4360 ) activity and @entity9140 ( @entity9140 ) expression in @entity5591 -induced @entity19 . HPLC-DAD analysis was performed to identify active compounds in D. superbus. The results revealed that D. superbus attenuated the learning and @entity2414 induced by @entity5591 . D. superbus also inhibited @entity4360 levels in the hippocampi of the @entity5591 -injected @entity19 . Moreover, D. superbus increased @entity9140 expression in the hippocampus. Eight compounds were identified using HPLC-DAD analysis. The content of @entity33902 was higher than contents of other compounds. These results indicated that D. superbus improved memory functioning accompanied by inhibition of @entity4360 and upregulation of @entity9140 , suggesting that D. superbus may be a useful therapeutic agent for the prevention or treatment of @entity195 .

title: Cognitive-Enhancing Effect of Dianthus superbus var. Longicalycinus on XXXX -Induced @entity2414 in @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity6369 :: ('MESH:D014526', 'Disease') :: ['urethritis']

entities_list: @entity9140 :: ('12064(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['brain-derived neurotropic factor', 'BDNF']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity4360 :: ('11423(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['AChE', 'acetylcholinesterase']

entities_list: @entity33902 :: ('MESH:C008070', 'Chemical') :: ['4-hydroxyphenyl acetic acid']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["Alzheimer's disease"]

entities_list: @entity5591 :: ('MESH:D012601', 'Chemical') :: ['scopolamine']

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['memory impairment']

answer: @entity5591 :: (MESH:D012601,Chemical) :: ['Scopolamine']


abstract: Ultrasonometry seems to have a future for the evaluation of @entity174 healing. Ultrasound propagation velocity (USPV) significantly decreases at the same time that bone diameter decreases as healing takes place, thus approaching normal values. In this investigation, both USPV and broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) were measured using a model of a transverse mid-diaphyseal osteotomy of @entity742 tibiae. Twenty-one @entity742 were operated and divided into three groups of seven, according to the follow-up period of 30, 60, and 90 days, respectively. The progress of healing of the osteotomy was checked with monthly conventional radiographs. The animals were killed at the end of the period of observation of each group, both operated-upon and intact tibiae being resected and submitted to the measurement of underwater transverse and direct contact transverse and longitudinal USPV and BUA at the osteotomy site. The intact left tibia of the 21 animals was used for control, being examined on a symmetrical diaphyseal segment. USPV increased while BUA decreased with the progression of healing, with significant differences between the operated and untouched tibiae and between the periods of observation, for most of the comparisons. There was a strong negative correlation between USPV and BUA. Both USPV and BUA directly reflect and can help predict the healing of @entity174 , but USPV alone can be used as a fundamental parameter. Ultrasonometry may be of use in clinical application to @entity1 provided adequate adaptations can be developed.

title: Ultrasound propagation velocity and broadband attenuation can help evaluate the healing process of an experimental XXXX .

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture', 'fractures']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['fracture']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To present a novel endoscopic, transnasal approach to a recurrent @entity1823 (glomus jugulare). STUDY DESIGN: Case report and review of the literature. SETTING: The study was carried out at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, U.S.A. @entity1 : A 64-year-old @entity1 presented to the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center with a 9-month history of @entity7867 , occasional vertigo, @entity158 , and recurrent @entity1415 . She had undergone two previous procedures over the past 35 years for a glomus tympanicum. Physical examination revealed a mass in the left nasopharynx originating from the eustachian tube. A computed tomographic scan revealed an expansive mass in the left jugular foramen extending into the posterior parapharyngeal space suggestive of a large @entity1823 . INTERVENTION: The @entity1 underwent preoperative embolization of the @entity1823 . An endoscopic, transnasal approach along the eustachian tube, the ascending parapharyngeal carotid artery, and into the jugular fossa was used to remove the @entity5 . Intraoperative image guidance assisted in the identification of key anatomic landmarks. RESULTS: Postoperative magnetic resonance imaging revealed a thin rim of enhancement at the posterior aspect of the jugular fossa consistent with @entity41 . The @entity1 was discharged to home on postoperative Day 1 in stable condition. There have been no complications with 4 months of follow-up, and the left @entity3541 secondary to preoperative embolization has resolved. CONCLUSION: We report the successful subtotal resection of a recurrent @entity1823 via a novel endoscopic, transnasal, transclival, transpetrous approach with image guidance. This approach allowed the near-total resection of a recurrent glomus jugulare with minimal surgical morbidity. Technological advances and surgical experience with nasal endoscopy and image guidance allow minimally invasive surgical management of select extracranial lesions of the lateral cranial base.

title: Resection of a recurrent XXXX via an endoscopic transnasal approach to the jugular fossa.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient', 'PATIENT']

entities_list: @entity41 :: ('MESH:D018365', 'Disease') :: ['residual tumor']

entities_list: @entity1415 :: ('MESH:D004844', 'Disease') :: ['epistaxis']

entities_list: @entity3541 :: ('MESH:D005158', 'Disease') :: ['facial paralysis']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['facial pain']

entities_list: @entity1823 :: ('MESH:D010235', 'Disease') :: ['paraganglioma of the jugular fossa', 'paraganglioma', 'jugular paraganglioma']

entities_list: @entity7867 :: ('MESH:D004433', 'Disease') :: ['left otalgia']

answer: @entity1823 :: (MESH:D010235,Disease) :: ['paraganglioma']


abstract: Previous studies have reported associations between childhood adversities, eg, loss of a parent, being raised in institutional care, sexual and other kinds of abuse by adults and bullying by peers, and @entity716 in adulthood. However, the mechanisms by which these adversities lead to @entity716 experiences are poorly understood. From models of the psychological processes involved in positive symptoms, it was predicted that childhood @entity458 would be specifically associated with @entity2167 in adulthood, and that disruption of early attachment relations and more chronic forms of victimization such as bullying would be specifically associated with @entity10963 . We therefore examined the associations between sexual @entity130 , physical abuse, bullying, and being brought up in institutional or local authority care and reports of @entity2167 and paranoid beliefs in the 2007 Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey. All simple associations between childhood adversities and the two symptom types were significant. Childhood rape was associated only with @entity1833 (OR 8.9, CI = 1.86-42.44) once co-occurring @entity10963 was controlled for. Being brought up in institutional care (OR = 11.08, CI = 3.26-37.62) was specifically associated with @entity10963 once @entity1833 had been controlled for. For each symptom, dose-response relationships were observed between the number of childhood @entity130 and the risk of the symptom. The specific associations observed are consistent with current psychological theories about the origins of @entity1833 and @entity10963 . Further research is required to study the psychological and biological mediators of these associations.

title: Do specific early-life adversities lead to specific symptoms of XXXX ? A study from the 2007 the Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey.

entities_list: @entity2167 :: ('MESH:D006311', 'Disease') :: ['auditory hallucinations']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['sexual abuse']

entities_list: @entity1833 :: ('MESH:D006212', 'Disease') :: ['comorbid hallucinations', 'hallucinations']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychotic', 'psychosis']

entities_list: @entity10963 :: ('MESH:D010259', 'Disease') :: ['paranoid ideation', 'paranoia']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['traumas', 'trauma']

answer: @entity716 :: (MESH:D011605,Disease) :: ['psychosis']


abstract: This study evaluates the authors' technique using the intraoral approach for the management of @entity1348 ( @entity1348 ) @entity3947 . The technique was used on 16 TMJs in 14 @entity1 with a mean age of 28.5 years; their average postoperative mouth-opening was 33.7 mm. All the @entity1 had Sawhney's type IV @entity1348 @entity3947 except a @entity1 with type I. One @entity1 had recurrent @entity3947 and was managed using the same intraoral approach again. Average follow-up was 56 months. The protocol consists of interpositional arthroplasty via an intraoral approach and @entity146 mouth-opening exercises. An intraoral incision is made over the buccal shelf and the soft tissue of the mandibular ramus reflected. Osteotomy is carried out at the coronoid process and adequate osteotomy is accomplished at the level of the condylar neck. Adequate gap osteotomy at the ankylosed condyle is performed and followed by placement of the interpositional material, such as rib cartilage, masseter, buccal fat pad and costochondral graft. The wound is then closed meticulously. The advantages of this intraoral approach are excellent cosmetic appearance with no @entity2318 , lower risk of @entity2123 and no salivary @entity292 formation.

title: Intraoral approach for arthroplasty for correction of @entity1348 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'child']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive']

entities_list: @entity2318 :: ('MESH:D002921', 'Disease') :: ['facial scar']

entities_list: @entity2123 :: ('MESH:D020220', 'Disease') :: ['injury to the facial nerve or auriculotemporal nerve']

entities_list: @entity3947 :: ('MESH:D000844', 'Disease') :: ['ankylosis']

entities_list: @entity1348 :: ('MESH:D013706', 'Disease') :: ['TMJ', 'temporomandibular joint']

answer: @entity3947 :: (MESH:D000844,Disease) :: ['ankylosis']


abstract: A @entity9800 -resistant subline of P388 @entity1778 (P388/CPT) was developed by repeated transplantation of @entity19 cells in @entity19 treated with therapeutic doses of @entity9800 . In @entity19 bearing the resistant @entity5 , a maximally tolerated dose of @entity9800 produced no net reduction in @entity5 cell burden, in contrast to a 5-log cell kill in the parental P388 (P388/S). The IC50 of @entity9800 , as determined by colony formation assays of cultured cells, was 8 times greater for the cloned @entity19 /CPT cell line than for @entity19 /S. P388/CPT cells were not cross-resistant to other antineoplastic agents, including topoisomerase II inhibitors. The type I topoisomerases purified from @entity19 /CPT and @entity19 /S cells were identical with respect to molecular weight, specific activity, in vitro @entity9800 sensitivity, and DNA cleavage specificity. @entity9800 induced fewer protein-associated DNA single-strand breaks in the resistant cells than in the wild-type @entity19 cells. Topoisomerase I mRNA, immunoreactivity, and extractable enzymatic activity were 2-4 times lower for @entity19 /CPT cells than for @entity19 /S cells. As resistance to @entity9800 developed, topoisomerase I extractable activity decreased, concomitant with an increase in topoisomerase II extractable activity. Furthermore, the appearance of @entity9800 resistance was associated with specific rearrangements of the topoisomerase I gene. These results suggest that development of resistance to inhibitors of topoisomerase I can occur by down-regulation of the target enzyme, thus reducing the production of lethal enzyme-mediated DNA damage. The enhanced topoisomerase II activity in these cells suggests that resistance to @entity9800 may be overcome by co-treatment with topoisomerase II inhibitors.

title: Development of a stable @entity9800 -resistant subline of P388 XXXX with reduced topoisomerase I content.

entities_list: @entity9800 :: ('MESH:D002166', 'Chemical') :: ['camptothecin', 'Camptothecin']

answer: @entity1778 :: (MESH:D007938,Disease) :: ['leukemia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Research has identified a growing use of @entity4373 ( @entity4373 ) in the pediatric oncology setting and health care professionals should consider how they might interact with and/or be used in lieu of conventional treatment. The present study was designed to establish the prevalence of @entity4373 usage at an Italian pediatric oncology department, and the reasons why @entity1 used these unconventional therapies. PROCEDURE: This was an observational study involving parents whose @entity1 were treated for @entity5 at the pediatric oncology unit of the Istituto Nazionale Tumori in Milano. Data were collected on their sociodemographic variables and their use of @entity4373 by means of a self-administered questionnaire. RESULTS: We distributed 145 questionnaires and 97 of them (67%) were returned. Judging from this survey, 12.4% of the @entity1 used at least one type of @entity4373 and homoeopathy was the most often used. Benefits were reported by 83% of parents. The most common reasons for using @entity4373 were to reduce the side-effects of conventional therapies. The oncologists taking care of the @entity1 were notified of the @entity1 's use of @entity4373 in only one case. CONCLUSION: @entity4373 were used not as a substitute but in addition to conventional treatments. In almost all cases, oncologists were not informed that a @entity1 was using @entity4373 , posing a risk of any interaction with pharmacological treatments being inadequately understood.

title: Complementary and alternative medical therapies used by XXXX with @entity5 treated at an Italian pediatric oncology unit.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'child']

entities_list: @entity4373 :: ('MESH:C536589', 'Disease') :: ['CAM', 'complementary and alternative medicines']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']