abstract: BACKGROUND: We measured N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-pro-BNP), a marker of @entity299 , in an inception cohort with early @entity32 ( @entity32 ) and assessed its association with disease phenotype, @entity65 ( @entity65 ), all-cause and @entity65 related mortality. METHODS: Subjects with early @entity32 were recruited to the Norfolk @entity625 Register from January 2000 to December 2008 and followed up to @entity204 or until March 2010 including any data from the national @entity204 register. The associations of baseline NT-pro-BNP with @entity32 related factors and @entity65 were assessed by linear regression. Cox proportional hazards models examined the independent association of baseline NT-pro-BNP with all-cause and @entity65 mortality. RESULTS: We studied 960 early @entity32 subjects; 163 (17%) had prior @entity65 . 373 (39%) @entity1 had a baseline NT-pro-BNP levels >=  100 pg/ml. NT-pro-BNP was associated with age, female gender, HAQ score, CRP, current smoking, history of @entity101 , prior @entity65 and the presence of carotid plaque. 92 (10%) @entity32 subjects died including 31 (3%) from @entity65 . In an age and gender adjusted analysis, having a raised NT-pro-BNP level (>=  100 pg/ml) was associated with both all-cause and @entity65 mortality (adjusted HR (95% CI) 2.36 (1.42 to 3.94) and 3.40 (1.28 to 9.03), respectively). These findings were robust to adjustment for conventional @entity65 risk factors and prevalent @entity65 . CONCLUSIONS: In early @entity32 @entity1 , elevated NT-pro-BNP is related to HAQ and CRP and predicts all-cause and @entity65 mortality independently of conventional @entity65 risk factors. Further study is required to identify whether NT-pro-BNP may be clinically useful in targeting intensive interventions to @entity32 @entity1 at greatest risk of @entity65 .

title: N-terminal pro-brain-type natriuretic peptide (NT-pro-BNP) and mortality risk in early @entity32 : results from the Norfolk XXXX Registry (NOAR).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['IP', 'inflammatory polyarthritis']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['Arthritis']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['CVD', 'cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity625 :: (MESH:D001168,Disease) :: ['Arthritis']


abstract: We report on a rare association of severe @entity2704 associated with @entity1498 that completely resolved following dilation of the constricted aorta. A 6-year-old @entity1 presented with severe pounding @entity10 accompanied with recurrent @entity391 , associated with @entity3917 and @entity7804 . She experienced frequent awakenings with severe @entity10 and @entity391 . The described excruciating, prolonged, and practically persistent @entity10 were not relieved by analgesics and @entity43496 . Neurologic assessment and brain computed tomography were both normal. A systolic murmur at the third right intercostal space prompted a cardiac echocardiogram, which demonstrated @entity1498 of the ascending aorta beyond the orifice of the left common carotid artery. Catheterization revealed a systolic gradient of 54 mm Hg, and the constricted lumen of the aorta was then dilated by a balloon. The excruciating @entity17449 and associated symptoms had abated instantaneously following this procedure. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report associating severe @entity2704 in a @entity1 with @entity1498 . Given complete recovery following balloon dilation of the aorta, cardiac echocardiogram should be added to the diagnostic battery of @entity1 with severe unresponsive @entity2704 .

title: Severe XXXX associated with @entity1498 : complete recovery following balloon dilation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['child', 'girl', 'children']

entities_list: @entity7804 :: ('MESH:D012001', 'Disease') :: ['phonophobia']

entities_list: @entity17449 :: ('MESH:D014653', 'Disease') :: ['vascular headaches']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity43496 :: ('MESH:D004879', 'Chemical') :: ['ergotamines']

entities_list: @entity2704 :: ('MESH:D008881', 'Disease') :: ['migraine', 'migraine headaches']

entities_list: @entity1498 :: ('MESH:D001017', 'Disease') :: ['coarctation of the aorta', 'coarctation of aorta', 'coarctation']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headaches']

entities_list: @entity3917 :: ('MESH:D020795', 'Disease') :: ['photophobia']

answer: @entity2704 :: (MESH:D008881,Disease) :: ['migraine']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Geographic differences in @entity64 incidence indicate a potential for prevention. The present study from the city of Malm  , Sweden, sought to investigate whether incidence of @entity64 in residential areas is related to prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and socioeconomic circumstances. METHODS: The @entity64 Register in Malm  , Sweden, was used for retrieval of the 3540 @entity1 who suffered a first @entity64 between 1989 and 1998. The Malm   Diet and @entity5 cohort (n=28 466) was used to assess area specific prevalence of @entity101 , @entity6 , smoking, and being overweight and for computation of a cardiovascular risk score. Socioeconomic circumstances for the 17 administrative areas were expressed in terms of a composite score. RESULTS: Standardized @entity64 incidence ranged among areas from 437 to 743 per 100 000 for @entity1 and from 223 to 518 per 100 000 for @entity1 . Socioeconomic score correlated significantly with area-specific @entity64 rates among @entity1 (r=-0.62, P=0.008) and @entity1 (r=-0.67, P=0.004). Incidence of @entity64 was significantly associated with cardiovascular risk score for each area ( @entity1 , r=0.53, P<0.05; @entity1 , r=0.76, P<0.001). The cardiovascular score and the socioeconomic score together accounted for 44% of the geographic variance among @entity1 and 63% among @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Marked differences occurred in @entity64 incidence among residential areas within this urban population. High-rate areas were characterized by a higher prevalence of smoking, @entity101 , @entity6 , and being overweight and by inferior socioeconomic circumstances. These risk factors accounted for a substantial proportion of the geographic variance in incidence of @entity64 .

title: Geographic distribution of XXXX incidence within an urban population: relations to socioeconomic circumstances and prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'Stroke']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cancer']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['stroke']


abstract: BACKGROUND: While videoconferencing, telementoring, and peer support have been shown to enhance services in some instances, there has been no research investigating the use of these technologies in supporting professionals managing clients with @entity303 . The objective of this research was to evaluate expansion of an old age psychiatry consultation service and pilot test a model to improve medical supervision and clinical governance for staff within regional and remote areas using remote information technology. METHODS: The design was a mixed methods (qualitative and quantitative) evaluation using before, mid-point and post-implementation semi-structured interviews and questionnaires to examine orientation, acceptance, and impact underpinned by theoretical approaches to evaluation. Education evaluations used a Likert style response template. @entity1 were 18 @entity303 service staff, including staff from linked services and old age psychiatrists. Qualitative interviews addressed the pilot implementation including: expectations, experiences, strategies for improving the pilot, and perceived impact on work practice and professional development opportunities. RESULTS: There was high satisfaction with the program. The case conference process contributed to perceived improved outcomes for clients, family, and staff. Clinicians perceived improvement in family carer and staff carer stress and their confidence in managing clients with @entity146 ( @entity146 ). Thematic analysis indicated that the pilot enhanced professional development, decreased travel time, and improved team cohesion. CONCLUSIONS: Given the increasing aging population in regional, rural, and remote areas, initiatives using videoconferencing and telementoring will help to develop a confident and skilled workforce. This pilot program was found to be acceptable and feasible. Potential benefits for clients and family carers should be examined in future resesarch.

title: Videoconferencing and telementoring about XXXX care: evaluation of a pilot model for sharing scarce old age psychiatry resources.

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Participants']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['BPSD', 'behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia']

answer: @entity303 :: (MESH:D003704,Disease) :: ['dementia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although the value of surgeon-performed neck ultrasound (SPUS) for thyroid nodules has been validated, the utility of intraoperative ultrasound (US) in @entity135 ( @entity135 ) has not been reported in the literature. The aim of this study was to analyze the utility of intraoperative SPUS in assessing the completeness of @entity135 for @entity259 . METHODS: Between 2007 and 2011, a total of 25 @entity1 underwent @entity135 by 1 surgeon for @entity259 . All @entity1 underwent intraoperative SPUS, which was repeated at the end of the neck dissection (completion US) to look for missed lymph nodes (LNs). RESULTS: There were 10 male and 15 female @entity1 . Pathology included 23 @entity1377 . The number of LNs removed per case was 23    2, and the number of positive was LNs 5    1. In 4 (16%) cases, intraoperative US detected 7 residual LNs, which would have been missed, if completion US were not done. These missed LNs were located in low-level IV (3 nodes), high-level II (2 nodes), and posterior level V (2 nodes) and measured 1.4    0.2 cm. At follow-up, recurrence was seen in 2 (8%) @entity1 , including a superior mediastinal recurrence in a @entity1 with @entity5 and a jugular LN recurrence at level II in another @entity1 with @entity3557 . CONCLUSION: This pilot study shows that intraoperative SPUS can help assess the completeness of @entity135 . According to our results, intraoperative completion US identifies LNs missed by palpation 16% of the time.

title: The utility of intraoperative ultrasound in XXXX : a pilot study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['modified radical neck dissection', 'MRND']

entities_list: @entity1377 :: ('MESH:D002291', 'Disease') :: ['papillary and 2 medullary carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity3557 :: ('MESH:C536915', 'Disease') :: ['papillary thyroid cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tall cell cancer']

entities_list: @entity259 :: ('MESH:D013964', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid cancer']

answer: @entity135 :: (MESH:D006258,Disease) :: ['modified radical neck dissection']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To provide evidence on the midterm sexual-function- and health-related quality-of-life outcome of @entity1 with a traumatic pelvic @entity174 , as recorded at least 12 months after their surgery. DESIGN: Prospective noncomparative study. SETTING: Tertiary referral centre for pelvic-and-acetabular reconstruction. @entity1 AND @entity1 : Cohort of @entity1 attending a dedicated pelvic-and-acetabular reconstruction clinic because of blunt @entity530 , at a minimum of a year after their injury. INTERVENTION: Operatively treated @entity174 and concomitant surgical interventions for associated injuries, if any, sustained by the @entity1 after @entity130 . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Sexual function questionnaires: IIEF (international index of erectile function) and FSFI (female sexual function index). Quality of life was assessed with the EuroQol-5D questionnaire. RESULTS: Of a cohort of 110 @entity1 , 80 @entity1 (48 males and 32 females) consented to participate with a median age of 46 years (range, 19-65 years). Of the above cohort, 62.5% were a result of road traffic accidents and 52.5% were classified as lateral compression type @entity174 . Assessment occurred at a median period of 36 months after injury (range, 12-96). Overall, significant decrease of their quality of life (P < 0.0001) and sexual function were recorded (males, P < 0.00014; females, P < 0.001). @entity250 was identified in 43.8% of the female and 52.1% of the male @entity1 , as per the validated gender-specific sexual function scores (female sexual function index and international index of erectile function, respectively). Regression analysis identified the presence of @entity5450 (P < 0.049) and open surgical treatment (P < 0.047) as independent risk factors for @entity250 . A near significant association with injury severity score (P = 0.05) was seen. Male gender (P < 0.006), @entity3511 (P < 0.0001), pelvic @entity174 severity (P < 0.049), @entity158 (P < 0.0001), and @entity250 (P < 0.034) were identified as significant independent risk factors for decreased quality of life. CONCLUSIONS: All domains of female and male sexual function were significantly decreased at a minimum of a year after pelvic @entity174 . Quality of life was also significantly decreased in this group with @entity250 shown to be an independent risk factor for decreased quality of life after injury. Further pivotal clinical studies should follow based on the provided evidence. High clinical suspicion and prompt engagement of appropriate multidisciplinary pathways, including urological, gynecological, and @entity146 consultations, is recommended. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Prognostic Level II. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.

title: Quality of life and sexual function after traumatic pelvic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'pelvic fractures', 'fracture']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

entities_list: @entity5450 :: ('MESH:D014570', 'Disease') :: ['urinary tract injury']

entities_list: @entity530 :: ('MESH:D010386', 'Disease') :: ['pelvic trauma']

entities_list: @entity3511 :: ('MESH:D000007', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal injury']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['blunt trauma']

entities_list: @entity250 :: ('MESH:D012735', 'Disease') :: ['sexual dysfunction', 'Sexual dysfunction']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['fracture']


abstract: AIM: To explore the perceptions of surgical @entity1 about traditional and novel methods to learn about post-operative @entity158 management. BACKGROUND: @entity1 education is an important part of post-operative care. Contemporary technology offers new ways for @entity1 to learn about self-care, although face-to-face discussions and brochures are the most common methods of delivering education in nursing practice. DESIGN: A qualitative design with a vignette and semi-structured interviews used for data collection. METHODS: A purposeful sample of 13 post-surgical @entity1 , who had been discharged from hospital, was recruited during 2013 - 2014. The @entity1 were given a vignette about anticipated hospital discharge after surgery with four different options for communication (face-to-face, brochure, website, serious game) to learn about post-operative @entity158 management. They were asked to rank their preferred method of learning and thereafter to reflect on their choices. Data were analysed using an inductive content analysis approach. FINDINGS: @entity1 preferred face-to-face education with a nurse, followed by brochures and websites, while games were least preferred. Two categories, each with two sub-categories, emerged from the data. These conceptualised the factors affecting @entity1 ' perceptions: 1) 'Trusting the source', sub-categorised into 'Being familiar with the method' and 'Having own prejudgments'; and 2) 'Being motivated to learn' sub-categorised into 'Managing an @entity73 ' and 'Aspiring for increased knowledge'. CONCLUSION: In order to implement successfully novel educational methods into post-operative care, healthcare professionals need to be aware of the factors influencing @entity1 ' perceptions about how to learn, such as trust and motivation. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Perceptions about traditional and novel methods to learn about post-operative XXXX management - a qualitative study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['impaired cognition']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: AIMS: Integrated bipolar @entity737 ( @entity737 ) leads use the distal high-voltage coil as both the ventricular sensing anode and the distal shocking electrode. Mechanical interactions between the distal @entity737 coil and other intracardiac leads have been reported to result in electrical oversensing and inappropriate @entity737 therapies. We sought to determine whether covering sleeves over the high-voltage coils of an integrated @entity162 lead could prevent sensed artefact from mechanical lead interactions. METHODS AND RESULTS: Endotak Reliance 0157 and Endotak Reliance-G 0185 leads, the latter with expanded @entity736 (ePTFE) sleeves covering the high-voltage coils, were connected to @entity737 generators and the leads were submerged in saline. Device programmers were used to communicate with the @entity737 generators, providing real-time electrogram recording throughout testing. A series of mechanical interactions were performed with the @entity737 leads, including sliding and striking each distal coil against metal and non-metal components of other @entity737 and pacemaker leads. All direct metal-metal interactions resulted in sensed electrical artefact, including interactions between the bare @entity737 coil and another bare @entity737 coil or metal pacemaker ring. Identical mechanical interactions where metal-metal contact was prevented due to an interposed ePTFE covering sleeve were electrically silent with no sensed artefact. CONCLUSIONS: A covering sleeve over the distal high-voltage coil of an integrated @entity162 lead can mechanically shield the lead from metal-metal interactions, which might otherwise result in sensed artefact and inappropriate @entity737 therapies or withholding of pacing output. This finding has implications for lead selection when a new @entity737 lead is to be implanted adjacent to abandoned intracardiac leads or lead fragments.

title: Covering sleeves can shield the high-voltage coils from lead chatter in an integrated XXXX lead.

entities_list: @entity737 :: ('MESH:D057873', 'Disease') :: ['ICD', 'implantable cardioverter-defibrillator']

entities_list: @entity736 :: ('CHEBI:53251', 'Chemical') :: ['polytetrafluoroethylene']

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['bipolar ICD']

answer: @entity162 :: (MESH:D001714,Disease) :: ['bipolar ICD']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Joint @entity71 are viewed as one of the earliest manifestations and most characteristic features of the @entity51 in @entity72 ( @entity72 ). PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of simple versus complex music on joint attention of @entity1 with @entity72 . METHOD: Thirty @entity1 with a diagnosis of @entity72 participated in this study. Fifteen of the @entity1 were diagnosed with severe @entity72 and 15 were diagnosed with mild/moderate @entity72 . Each @entity1 took part in six, 10-minute individual music conditions (3 simple _ 3 complex) over a 3-week period. Each condition was designed to elicit responses to joint attention. RESULTS: RESULTS indicated a statistically significant interaction between music modality and functioning level. Therefore, the effect of simple versus complex music was dependent on functioning level. Specifically, the Simple Music Condition was more effective in eliciting Responses to Joint Attention (RJA) for @entity1 diagnosed with severe @entity72 , whereas the Complex Music Condition was more effective in eliciting RJA for @entity1 diagnosed with mild/moderate @entity72 . CONCLUSIONS: The results of the present study indicate that for @entity1 in the severe range of functioning, music that is simple, with clear and predictable pattems, may be most effective in eliciting responses to bids for joint attention. On the contrary, for @entity1 in the mild/moderate range of functioning, music that is more complex and variable may be most effective in eliciting responses to bids for joint attention. These results demonstrate that careful manipulation of specific musical elements can help provide the optimal conditions for facilitating joint attention with @entity1 with @entity72 .

title: Joint attention responses of XXXX with autism spectrum disorder to simple versus complex music.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'children', 'participant']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['social deficits']

entities_list: @entity71 :: ('MESH:D001289', 'Disease') :: ['attention deficits']

entities_list: @entity72 :: ('MESH:D002659', 'Disease') :: ['Autism Spectrum Disorder', 'ASD']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: PURPOSE: This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of @entity2516 in Turkish medical students as well as to determine the change in refractive status of medical students within 1 year. Besides general refractive characteristics of the students, the possible relationship between the occurrence of @entity1714 and several factors was also determined. METHODS: Two hundred and seven medical students (114 female/93 male) were checked for their refractive status as determined by cycloplegic autorefraction. In addition to keratometric and biometric measurements students also answered a detailed questionnaire. One year later, medical students who participated to the study were re-examined. RESULTS: @entity1714 occurred in 32.9% of medical students with @entity1714 (spherical equivalent between -0.75 diopters [D] and -2.99 D) being the most common type (81%). The frequency of @entity1714 was not significantly different between female and male medical students (37.7 and 26.8%, respectively; p=0.13). Adult onset @entity1714 (onset at age 18 years or older) comprised 14.7% of all @entity1714 cases. Myopic students were significantly more likely to report parental @entity1714 . The percentage of myopes and nonmyopes reporting having one or two myopic parents was 51.5 and 28.8%, respectively (p=0.002). Parental @entity1714 was also an independent risk factor associated with the occurrence of @entity1714 on multivariate analysis (odds ratio [OR]=3.69, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.98-6.87). Nonmyopes also reported a significantly higher prevalence of outdoor activity before and at age seven (68.4%) than did myopes (48.6%), (p=0.009). Outdoor activity during early childhood was found to be protective for @entity1714 on multivariate analysis (OR=0.44, %95 CI=0.23-0.82). There was no significant difference between myopes and nonmyopes with respect to amount of close-up activity. No significant shift of refraction occurred within 1 year. CONCLUSIONS: About one-third of Turkish medical students had @entity1714 . Parental @entity1714 was more common among myopic students and was a risk factor for the occurrence of @entity1714 suggesting a familial predisposition. Outdoor activity in early childhood has had a protective role against the development of @entity1714 in this study sample.

title: XXXX of medical students in Turkey: one year follow-up of refraction and biometry.

entities_list: @entity1714 :: ('MESH:D009216', 'Disease') :: ['low myopia', 'Myopia', 'myopia']

entities_list: @entity2516 :: ('MESH:D012030', 'Disease') :: ['refractive errors']

answer: @entity2516 :: (MESH:D012030,Disease) :: ['Refractive errors']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Identifying ST-segment elevation @entity583 (STEMIs) in the field can decrease door-to-balloon times. Paramedics may use a computer algorithm to help them interpret prehospital electrocariograms (ECGs). It is unknown how accurately the computer can identify STEMIs. OBJECTIVES: To Determine the sensitivity and specificity of prehospital ECGs in identifying @entity1 with STEMI. METHODS: Retrospective cross-sectional study of 200 prehospital ECGs acquired using Lifepak 12 monitors and transmitted by one of more than 20 emergency medical services (EMS) agencies to the @entity341 ( @entity341 ) of a Summa Akron City Hospital, a level 1 @entity130 center between January 1, 2007, and February 18, 2010. The @entity341 sees more than 73,000 adult @entity1 and treats 120 STEMIs annually. The laboratory performs 3,400 catheterizations annually. The first 100 @entity1 with a diagnosis of STEMI and cardiac catheterization laboratory activation from the @entity341 were analyzed. For comparison, a control group of 100 other ECGs from @entity1 without a STEMI were randomly selected from our Medtronic database using a random-number generator. For @entity1 with STEMI, an accurate computer interpretation was "acute MI suspected." Other interpretations were counted as misses. Specificity and sensitivity were calculated with confidence intervals (CIs). The sample size was determined a priori for a 95% CI of   10%. RESULTS: Zero control @entity1 were incorrectly labeled "acute MI suspected." The specificity was 100% (100/100; 95% CI 0.96-1.0), whereas the sensitivity was 58% (58/100; 95% CI 0.48-0.67). This would have resulted in 42 missed cardiac catheterization laboratory activations, but zero inappropriate activations. The most common incorrect interpretation of STEMI ECGs by the computer was "data quality prohibits interpretation," followed by "abnormal ECG unconfirmed." CONCLUSIONS: Prehospital computer interpretation is not sensitive for STEMI identification and should not be used as a single method for prehospital activation of the cardiac catheterizing laboratory. Because of its high specificity, it may serve as an adjunct to interpretation.

title: Prehospital electrocardiographic computer identification of ST-segment elevation XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarctions']

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['emergency department', 'ED']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarction']


abstract: The antennal lobes (ALs) are the primary olfactory centers in the insect brain. In the @entity1582 of the @entity5157 , olfactory glomeruli receive input via four antennal sensory tracts (T1-4). Axons of projection neurons (PNs) leave the @entity1582 via several antenno-cerebral tracts (ACTs). To assign the input-output connectivity of all glomeruli, we investigated the spatial relationship of the antennal tracts and two prominent @entity1582 output tracts (medial and lateral ACT) mainly formed by uniglomerular (u) PNs using fluorescent tracing, confocal microscopy, and 3D analyses. Furthermore, we investigated the projections of all ACTs in higher olfactory centers, the mushroom-bodies (MB) and lateral horn (LH). The results revealed a clear segregation of glomeruli into two @entity1582 hemispheres specifically supplied by PNs of the medial and lateral ACT. PNs of the lateral ACT innervate glomeruli in the @entity1582 and primarily receive input from T1 (plus a few glomeruli from T2 and T3). PNs of the medial ACT innervate glomeruli in the dorsal-caudal hemisphere, and mainly receive input from T3 (plus a few glomeruli from T2 and T4). The PNs of the m- and l-ACT terminate in different areas of the MB calyx and LH and remain largely segregated. Tracing of three mediolateral (ml) ACTs mainly formed by multiglomerular PNs revealed terminals in distinct compartments of the LH and in three olfactory foci within the lateral protocerebrum. The results indicate that olfactory input in the @entity5157 is processed via two separate, mainly uPN pathways to the MB calyx and LH and several pathways to the lateral protocerebrum.

title: Dual olfactory pathway in the XXXX , @entity5157 .

entities_list: @entity1582 :: ('MESH:D009101', 'Disease') :: ['AL', 'ventral-rostral AL']

answer: @entity5157 :: (7460,Species) :: ['honeybee']


abstract: The authors propose to verify the therapeutical role of lobectomy in confronting monolobar nodular thyroid disease. In a period of 4 years (1990-1993), forty-four @entity1 (30 @entity1 , 14 @entity1 ) underwent thyroid lobectomy for a benign disease and follow-up treatment for 3 years on a semestral basis. All @entity1 were studied both before the operation and during the follow-up using US and measuring the levels of T3, T4 and TSH; 34 @entity1 (77.2%) had undergone a scintigraphy before surgery. The indication towards surgical intervention was, in 16 @entity1 , consequent to the diagnosis of monolobar @entity5651 and in 28 @entity1 to monolobar @entity5651 . The operation involves @entity1374 with isthmectomy. There were no temporary and/or permanent recurrential lesions, nor there were any significant hypocalcaemic alterations. The US description of the follow-up has been classified in four groups: normal, non-homogeneity (presence of simple parenchymal non-homogeneity), recurrence/non-homogeneity (presence of both pseudonodular forms and parenchymal non-homogeneity), recurrence (presence of recurrence with nodule(s) whose diameter is greater than 5 mm.). From the US follow-up examination, it was shown that 14 out of 44 @entity1 (31.8%) presented alterations in the residual lobe wich were not identifiable in the pre-operative US examination (3 recurrences = 6.81%; recurrence/non-homogeneity = 2.27%; 10 non-homogeneity = 22.7%). Thirteen out of 14 @entity1 are treated with substitutive ormonal therapy Out of these 30 @entity1 whose residual lobe shows no alterations using US, 23 (70.6%) are treated with substitutive ormonal therapy. The authors have underlined a substantial percentage difference between the incidence of normality of the residual lobe during follow-up to lobectomy due to @entity652 (normality 88.8%) and to lobectomy due to @entity5651 (normality 60%). During US follow-up examinations, abnormality percentages equal or superior to 30%--as those noticed after lobectomy due to @entity5651 underline the doubts wich characterize any form of partial thyroidal asportation (4 recurrence in 35 cases of monolobar uni- or @entity5651 = 11.4%); also, in the authors' experience, substitutive ormonal therapy has seemingly no effect on the recurrence incidence. According to the authors, the lobectomy can occupy a therapeutical role in @entity1374 with monolobar expression, but to avoid an elevated number of recurrences, a rigorous evaluation of the real extension of the nodular disease is indispensable.

title: [Recurrences after thyroid lobectomy for benign XXXX : analysis of a clinical-instrumental follow up].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity5651 :: ('MESH:D006042', 'Disease') :: ['goiter-related lesions', 'uninodular goiter', 'plurinodular goiter']

entities_list: @entity1374 :: ('MESH:D013959', 'Disease') :: ['thyroidal extracapsular lobectomy', 'thyroid diseases']

answer: @entity1374 :: (MESH:D013959,Disease) :: ['thyroid diseases']


abstract: Current diagnostic and therapeutic options in @entity699 have been retrospectively evaluated on the basis of 40 case histories of the years 1980 to 1994. After biochemical diagnosis, several radiological methods such as 131J- @entity165 -scintigraphy and, in 1 case, selective petrosal sinus blood sampling were employed. Out of 25 @entity1 with central @entity699 18 were cured by transsphenoidal pituitary surgery, in 1 case in combination with "Gamma-Knife" therapy. One @entity1 was primarily treated by bilateral adrenalectomy, 5 as second intervention following unsuccessful pituitary surgery. One @entity1 is not fully cured at present. Adrenal @entity701 -producing @entity652 were successfully treated by unilateral, subtotal or bilateral adrenalectomy in 9, 1 and 2 @entity1 , respectively. Another @entity1 with @entity652 was treated medically following unilateral adrenalectomy. One @entity1 with a @entity701 -producing @entity4304 died shortly after operation. One @entity1 with an ACTH-producing pancreatic @entity4294 died 1 year after initial remission. Adrenalectomy is the logical therapy in adrenal @entity701 -producing @entity652 . Improved diagnostic and surgical techniques have reduced bilateral adrenalectomy in @entity1 with central @entity699 to rare cases in which transsphenoidal surgery (71% success rate) is the therapy of choice.

title: [Diagnosis and therapy of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4294 :: ('MESH:D007516', 'Disease') :: ['islet cell tumor']

entities_list: @entity699 :: ('MESH:D003480', 'Disease') :: ["Cushing's syndrome"]

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['adenomas', 'bilateral adrenal adenomas']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

entities_list: @entity4304 :: ('MESH:D000310', 'Disease') :: ['adrenal carcinoma']

answer: @entity699 :: (MESH:D003480,Disease) :: ['Cushing syndrome']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity35864 ( @entity22770 ) is one of the major components of garlic, which inhibits the proliferation of various @entity5 cells. Our previous studies showed that @entity22770 inhibits cell growth and induces apoptosis on @entity263 cells. Insulin like growth factor signaling pathway plays a significant role on @entity263 cell growth and survival and it's over expression also identified in @entity1 @entity263 . The molecular mechanism of IGF mediated PI3K/ @entity584 signaling remains to be elucidated. The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of @entity35864 on IGF signaling in @entity342 independent @entity263 cells (PC-3). METHODS: @entity22770 (10-50  M) caused dose-dependent inhibition of PC-3 cells, were analyzed by @entity98 , IC50 value of PC-3 cells was 40  M for 24h. Interestingly, @entity22770 also altered the mRNA and protein expressions of IGF signaling and apoptotic molecules which were confirmed by semi quantitative PCR and western blot method. Further the docking study of @entity22770 with IGF receptor was carried out by Ligand Fit of Discovery studio. Accord Excel Package was used for the prediction of ADME properties of the compound. RESULTS: The results suggests that @entity22770 decreases the survival rate of @entity342 independent @entity263 cells by modulating the expression of IGF system, which leads to inhibition of phosphorylation of @entity584 , thereby inhibits cell cycle progression and survival by lowering the expression of @entity4910 , NFkB and anti-apoptotic @entity588 molecule and increasing the level of pro-apoptotic ( @entity1835 and @entity589 ) signaling molecules which leads to apoptosis. CONCLUSION: The present investigation showed downregulation of @entity584 and a concomitant increase in apoptosis in @entity22770 treated @entity263 cells. Since inhibition of this @entity584 pathway by @entity22770 leads to inhibition in @entity5 cell progression, it is highly suggested that @entity22770 has the potential use as a therapy for @entity263 .

title: Effect of @entity35864 on insulin-like growth factor signaling molecules involved in cell survival and proliferation of @entity1 XXXX cells in vitro and in silico approach through docking analysis.

entities_list: @entity35864 :: ('MESH:C028009', 'Chemical') :: ['Diallyl Disulfide', 'diallyl disulfide']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer', 'prostate cancers']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate cancer']


abstract: Inhibin B is produced by the testis, and its constituent alpha and beta B subunits have been localized immunohistochemically to Leydig as well as Sertoli cells in both rodent and @entity1 testes. Whether Leydig cells contribute to circulating inhibin B concentrations, however, is uncertain. We have investigated this by selectively stimulating Leydig and Sertoli cells with hCG and FSH, respectively. The study was a randomized crossover trial, investigating responses to 225 IU recombinant FSH or 3000 IU hCG administered s/c 4-6 weeks apart. Ten normal @entity1 were recruited to participate. Blood was taken twice before treatment and after 8, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h. Serum was assayed for FSH, LH and @entity251 by radioimmunoassay (RIA); inhibin B and pro-alpha C inhibin forms by ELISA. Administration of hCG, but not FSH, caused a rapid increase in blood @entity251 levels, which reached a maximum after 72 h (22.2 +/- 2.7-50.1 +/- 4.5 nmol/L, p < 0.001). Inhibin B concentrations in blood were unchanged following either treatment. Conversely, pro-alpha C concentrations increased following both treatments. FSH administration resulted in a gradual increase in pro-alpha C concentrations (369 +/- 18 pg/mL pre-treatment to 453 +/- 33 pg/mL after 96 h, p=0.013). Administration of hCG resulted in a more rapid response, with pro-alpha C concentrations rising from 384 +/- 23 pg/mL pre-treatment to a peak at 48 h of 535 +/- 45 pg/mL (p=0.007). This response was more rapid than that of @entity251 . These results demonstrate that adult @entity1 Leydig, as well as Sertoli, cells secrete inhibin alpha subunit in response to gonadotrophin stimulation but provide no evidence for the secretion of inhibin B from Leydig cells. The lack of change in inhibin B secretion in response to FSH suggests that more prolonged or intense stimulation of Sertoli cells may be required for secretion of the dimeric form.

title: Differential patterns of inhibin secretion in response to gonadotrophin stimulation in normal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['men']


abstract: @entity3100 is an increasing problem in Europe. The pattern of @entity281 is changing with an increase in pathogenic anthropophilic dermatophytes particularly Trichophyton tonsurans. We aimed to determine the frequency of @entity3100 in a paediatric population attending dermatology outpatients and examine the clinical spectrum of disease. A retrospective analysis was performed of all laboratory proven @entity3100 cases presenting to the dermatology outpatient department at The @entity1 's University Hospital, Temple Street over an 18-month period (1st January 2004 to 30th of June 2005 inclusive). Sixty-two @entity1 had @entity3100 of whom 53 (85.5%) were of African descent. Thirty-five (56%) were male and 27 female (44%). The average age at presentation was 4.02 years (age range 1-163 months) with five cases occurring in @entity1 less than one year of age. The most common pathogen was the anthropophilic dermatophyte Trichophyton tonsurans, accounting for 47 (75.8%) of all cases of @entity3100 . Eight (12.9%) were secondary to Microsporum ferrigineum, 2 (3.2%) secondary to Trichophyton violaceum, both Trichophyton soudanese and Trichophyton verruosum accounted for 1.6% each. The zoophilic organism @entity14476 was diagnosed in 3 cases (4.8%). Presenting signs included scaling of the scalp (35.47%), scaling of the scalp and @entity1665 (53.24%), and @entity1665 and kerion (11.29%/o). The duration of symptoms was recorded in 52 @entity1 with the average duration 8.38 months (range 0.5-72 months). In 20 cases an associated skin involvement on other areas of the body was recorded. All @entity1 at diagnosis were either on no, suboptimal or inappropriate treatment. The prevalence of @entity3100 is increasing in this hospital based cohort. The main pathogen is now Trichophyton tonsurans. @entity1 of African descent are at increased risk of @entity281 . The diagnosis is poorly recognized and needs to be highlighted as a public health issue. There is a need for community based prevalence studies.

title: XXXX in a paediatric population.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity3100 :: ('MESH:D014006', 'Disease') :: ['Tinea capitis', 'tinea capitis']

entities_list: @entity14476 :: ('63405', 'Species') :: ['Microsporum canis']

answer: @entity3100 :: (MESH:D014006,Disease) :: ['Tinea capitis']


abstract: This case concerns a 50-year-old male @entity1 who was diagnosed with @entity5 without any obvious distal @entity3 . The @entity1 underwent abdominoperineal resection of the rectum with lateral lymph node dissection exclusively on the lesion side. An obturator lymph node @entity3 was found, and histopathological tests revealed that the @entity1 was in Stage IIIb. FOLFOX4 therapy was performed as postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy, and although temporary discontinuation was necessary due to abscesses in the buttocks, the @entity1 completed 10 courses of chemotherapy. Lung @entity3 was diagnosed when a chest computed tomography revealed a nodule 12 mm in diameter immediately above the diaphragm in the left S8. Since the nodule was a solitary @entity5 , radiofrequency ablation (RFA) therapy was performed, after which postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy was changed to FOLFIRI therapy. No obvious adverse events occurred, making it possible to continue the therapy without withdrawal. The lesions tended to gradually shrink, and during the 50th course of the therapy, the @entity1 converted from partial remission (PR) to complete remission (CR). The FOLFIRI therapy was continued for another 6 months and then suspended for a while. The @entity1 received 62 courses of FOLFIRI therapy in total. No sign of recurrence has been found. This case demonstrates the successful treatment and CR of recurrent lung @entity3 after surgery for @entity5 using lung RFA therapy and long-term administration of FOLFIRI.

title: [A case report of recurrent lung XXXX after surgery for @entity5 for which lung radiofrequency ablation therapy and long-term administration of FOLFIRI were effective].

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['rectal cancer', 'tumor']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['metastasis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Speckle-tracking enables direct tracking of carotid arterial wall motion. Timing intervals determined with carotid speckle-tracking and slopes calculated from carotid artery area versus cardiac cycle curves may provide further information on arterial function and stiffness. The proposed arterial stiffness parameters were examined in healthy controls (n  = 20), @entity7964 @entity1 with @entity101 (n  = 20), and @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 (n  = 21). METHODS: Bilateral electrocardiographically gated ultrasonograms of the distal common carotid artery were acquired using a 12-MHz vascular probe. Four timing intervals were derived from speckle-tracked carotid arterial strain curves: (1) carotid predistension period, (2) peak carotid arterial strain time, (3) arterial distension period, and (4) arterial diastolic time. In addition, carotid artery area curves were recorded over the cardiac cycle and subdivided into four segments, S1 to S4, relating to arterial distention and contraction periods. RESULTS: Mean far wall predistension period and peak carotid arterial strain time were more delayed in @entity1 with @entity6 and @entity101 than in controls. Global mean arterial distension period was prolonged and arterial diastolic time was shorter in @entity1 with @entity101 and @entity6 than in controls. Slopes of segments S2 and S4 were markedly steeper in the combined group of @entity1 with @entity101 and @entity6 compared with healthy controls (P  = .03 and P  = .02, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Speckle-tracking-based measures of arterial stiffness may provide potential additive value in assessing vascular function in @entity1 at risk for @entity65 .

title: Application of speckle-tracking in the evaluation of carotid artery function in subjects with @entity101 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity7964 :: ('OMIM:612551', 'Disease') :: ['nondiabetic']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']


abstract: Previous investigations have demonstrated impaired recognition of facial affect and @entity73 in several @entity146 . The specificity of these deficits is still debated. The aim of this study was to investigate the @entity73 in @entity3119 ( @entity3119 ). Forty @entity1 with @entity3119 (DSM-IV, 16 @entity1 , 34.7+/-10.4 years) and 40 healthy volunteers (16 @entity1 , 34.7+/-8.7 years) were compared. All @entity1 underwent a computerized neuropsychological test battery (Gur, R.C., Erwin, R.J., Gur, R.E., Zwil, A.S., Heimberg, C., Kraemer, H.C., 1992. Facial emotion discrimination II. Behavioral findings in @entity308 . Psychiatry Research 42, 241-251; Gur, R.C., Ragland, J.D., Moberg, P.J., Turner, T.H., Bilker, W.B., Kohler, C., Siegel, S.J., Gur, R.E., 2001. Computerized neurocognitive scanning: I. Methodology and validation in healthy @entity1 . Neuropsychopharmacology 25, 766-776). A German version of the Penn Facial Emotion Acuity Test, the Facial Emotion Intensity Differentiation, including happy, sad and neutral faces, and the Facial Memory Test were administered. Executive functions were assessed by a computerized version of the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test and attention was evaluated using the Continuous Performance Test. @entity3119 @entity1 performed more poorly than healthy controls in facial memory tests (especially delayed), as well as in attention and executive functions. The only significant difference between the groups in emotion processing was poorer recognition of sad female faces in @entity1 , who misperceived neutral faces as sad. The results point to memory and executive deficits in addition to a "negative" bias in emotion recognition in @entity3119 @entity1 .

title: @entity73 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric disorders']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['deficits in emotion recognition and cognition', 'cognitive dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity3119 :: ('MESH:D009771', 'Disease') :: ['obsessive-compulsive disorder', 'OCD']

answer: @entity3119 :: (MESH:D009771,Disease) :: ['obsessive-compulsive disorder']


abstract: @entity1 Sterile20-like kinase 1 ( @entity39915 ) is a member of the @entity375 Ste20-related kinase family known to be involved in the process of apoptosis initiated by a variety of stimuli. The aim of this study was to determine the prognostic significance of @entity39915 expression in @entity14 . A series of 1197 mismatch-repair-proficient @entity14 retrieved from a tissue microarray were randomized into two study groups. On the first group (n=599) receiver operating characteristic curves were used to determine the most clinically useful cutoffs to describe @entity39915 expression with respect to T stage, N stage, @entity5 grade, vascular invasion and overall survival. The association of @entity39915 expression and each outcome was immunohistochemically evaluated on the second study group (n=598) as well as on a third study group comprising 141 mismatch-repair-deficient @entity14 . A univariate analysis in the second study group showed that loss of cytoplasmic @entity39915 was associated with higher T stage (P=0.001), higher N stage (P=0.029), vascular invasion (P=0.017) and overall survival (P=0.014). Nuclear @entity39915 expression was not significantly associated with N stage, T stage or vascular invasion but was associated with @entity5 grade. In mismatch-repair-deficient @entity14 , loss of cytoplasmic @entity39915 was associated with higher N stage (P=0.019) and shortened survival (P=0.0001). In a multivariate analysis, loss of cytoplasmic @entity39915 was an independent adverse prognostic factor in this group of @entity1 . Methylation analysis on 32 cases showed that the loss of cytoplasmic @entity39915 expression is not likely due to promoter methylation. In summary, loss of cytoplasmic @entity39915 expression is a marker of @entity5 progression in mismatch-repair-proficient as well as mismatch-repair-deficient @entity14 . These results are suggestive of a @entity5 suppressor role for @entity39915 in @entity1 @entity14 .

title: Prognostic significance of XXXX sterile20-like kinase 1 in @entity14 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'Mammalian']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancers', 'colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['mammalian']


abstract: This is a report of 33 consecutive cases of @entity1653 treated surgically at our institution over the last 10 years; there were 21 @entity1 and 12 @entity1 between the ages of 27 and 68 (mean age, 52). All @entity1 were assessed by computed tomographic scans including coronal sections and bone algorithm studies; in most cases, digital subtraction angiography and magnetic resonance imaging were also done. The largest @entity5 diameter was between 2 and 3.5 cm in 14 cases, 3.5 to 6 cm in 15 cases, and over 6 cm in 4 cases. Dural attachment predominantly involved the clivus and apical petrous bone on one side only; in 14 cases, however, the @entity5 grew over the clivus midline or crossed the tentorial notch. @entity129 was extant in all cases and was commensurate with @entity5 size. Cerebellar signs and @entity51 were present in 60 and 30% of cases, respectively. The surgical approaches used were the retromastoid-retrosigmoid in 23 cases, subtemporal in 5 cases, and combined retromastoid subtemporal presigmoid in the remaining 5. Total removal was achieved in 26 cases (79%); incomplete removal occurred in 7 cases (21%). The extent of @entity5 removal and operative morbidity were not significantly related to @entity5 size. Brain stem indentation, @entity129 , and epidural invasion were the main factors that prevented @entity5 removal and influenced operative morbidity. There was no intraoperative mortality, but three @entity1 (9%) died perioperatively. In the postoperative period, most @entity1 went through @entity16 , chiefly due to new @entity129 . The average follow-up was 4.3 years in 27 @entity1 ; of these 17 were unchanged and 10 were improved. Before surgery, only 13 @entity1 were self-sufficient; at long-term follow-up, another 6 had achieved independence. Our experience suggests that, even though real @entity1653 still represent a formidable surgical challenge, such @entity5 can in most cases be removed completely with low attendant mortality and acceptable morbidity.

title: Microsurgical XXXX : a report of 33 @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity129 :: ('MESH:D003389', 'Disease') :: ['cranial nerve deficits', 'arterial and cranial nerve encasement', 'Cranial nerve deficit']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors', 'total tumor']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['momentary neurological deterioration']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['somatic motor deficits']

entities_list: @entity1653 :: ('MESH:D008579', 'Disease') :: ['petroclival meningiomas', 'petroclival meningioma']

answer: @entity1653 :: (MESH:D008579,Disease) :: ['removal of petroclival meningiomas']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Suspension laryngoscopy by general anesthesia is the universally method of performing microlaryngeal surgery for the treatment of @entity1127 . Recently a new technique using a flexible endoscope with working channel has been introduced and popularized in Spain for treating these lesions. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prospective study was undertaken to asses the efficacy of this technique, something modified, for removal either pedunculated @entity1127 or with minute implantation basis. RESULTS: Twenty-six consecutive @entity1 with pedunculated cord @entity1127 were surgically removed, at the ENT-Department of Sierrallana Hospital (Torrelavega, Cantabria) from January 1995 till September 1996. In 4 @entity1 with strong gang reflexes the procedure could not be finished. Twenty-two @entity1 improved their voice and were satisfied with the result. In 2 other cases, of the group, the voice regain was not complete, but owing to the feelings of the individuals no more surgical procedures were scheduled. No postoperative aftermath were observed. One year later all cases were checked and all proclaimed their well-being. CONCLUSIONS: We suggest that removal of pedunculated @entity1127 of the vocal cord employing the fibroendoscope with working channel and local anesthetic should be the choix procedure for the lot of @entity1 suffering this pathology, and the microsurgery with general anesthesia must be reserved for failure cases or for those @entity1 using voice professionally.

title: [Usefulness of the flexible fibroscope with working channel in the treatment of pedunculated XXXX of the vocal cords].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1127 :: ('MESH:D011127', 'Disease') :: ['polyps', 'vocal cord polyps']

answer: @entity1127 :: (MESH:D011127,Disease) :: ['polyps']


abstract: AIM: To study the value of early (24 h) post-operative @entity4545 and serum @entity701 as predictors of remission after transsphenoidal surgery in @entity699 . METHODS: We prospectively studied 44 @entity1 who underwent transsphenoidal surgery for @entity699 between 1997 and 2005. The mean follow-up period of @entity1 after surgery was 49 months (19-102 months). The predictive value of clinical characteristics, pre-operative hormonal studies, radiological, surgical and histological findings, and post-operative hormonal studies were analysed. For the post-operative hormonal study plasma @entity4545 and serum @entity701 were determined at 8.00 a.m. the day after surgery. RESULTS: After surgery, @entity699 remitted in 39 @entity1 (89%) and persisted in 5 @entity1 (11%). Three @entity1 relapsed during the follow-up period. Only three study variables were predictive of persistence of @entity699 after surgery: the non identification of the @entity652 in histology (an @entity652 was found in 87% of the @entity1 in remission, and in 20% of treatment failures, p = 0.01), the early post-operative plasma @entity4545 ( @entity1 in remission: 2 pmol/L (1.1-10.8 pmol/L), treatment failures: 8.2 pmol/L (1.1-12 pmol/L), p = 0.019), and the early post-operative serum @entity701 ( @entity1 in remission: 128.4 nmol/L (27.6-4644 nmol/L), treatment failures: 797 nmol/L (606-1037 nmol/L), p = 0.003). ROC curves indicated that plasma @entity4545 < or = 7.55 pmol/L distinguished @entity1 in remission from treatment failures with 80% sensitivity and 97.4% specificity, and serum @entity701 < or = 585 nmol/L with 100% sensitivity and 90% specificity. CONCLUSIONS: Twenty-four hours after transsesphenoidal surgery for @entity699 , and without glucocorticoids replacement, patients with serum @entity701 concentrations higher than 585 nmol/L, and/or plasma @entity4545 higher than 7.55 pmol/L, and/or those in which an @entity652 is not identified in the histological study, have a high risk of treatment failure.

title: Early post-operative @entity4545 and XXXX as predictors of remission in @entity699 .

entities_list: @entity699 :: ('MESH:D003480', 'Disease') :: ["Cushing's disease"]

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

answer: @entity701 :: (MESH:D006854,Chemical) :: ['cortisol']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Very little is known about the management of @entity311 and treatment-seeking patterns among @entity1 and adults in areas of seasonal @entity311 transmission particularly in east Africa. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to assess treatment-seeking behaviour for reported @entity311 among all age groups in an area of seasonal transmission. METHODS: A community-based cross-sectional study was carried out among 2,253 households in 12 randomly selected rural kebeles in Adami Tulu district in south-central Ethiopia, during October-November 2003, using a pre-tested interviewer-administered structured questionnaire. RESULTS: Reported @entity311 was 14% among 12,225 @entity1 assessed during the last 14 days. Family/self-diagnosis was most common and the main first responses included visiting village-based @entity497 ( @entity497 ) (33%), public health facility (23%) and private clinic (17%). Home treatment was the least reported first response (3%). Only 13% had sought treatment within the first 24 hours of symptom onset. Early treatment-seeking pattern was reported among those who visited @entity497 and practiced home treatment, with more delays among public facility users. Treatment-seeking behaviour was similar in all age groups. CONCLUSION: A considerable proportion of visits were made to @entity497 and private providers, necessitating the importance of strengthening both community-based interventions and peripheral public and private facilities. Finally, the community should be informed and educated about the importance of early diagnosis and prompt treatment with effective antimalarials.

title: Treatment-seeking behaviour for febrile illness in an area of seasonal XXXX transmission in rural Ethiopia.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'people']

entities_list: @entity497 :: ('MESH:D003147', 'Disease') :: ['community health workers', 'CHWs']

answer: @entity311 :: (MESH:D008288,Disease) :: ['malaria']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A dimension of negatively oriented affect within @entity952 ( @entity952 ) symptoms, which has been described as @entity146 , has been shown to predict @entity308 and @entity148 . Related constructs have been linked to temperament and personality constructs. However, only a few studies have examined the prediction from @entity146 within @entity952 to psychopathology or personality outcomes. Further, no studies have investigated whether @entity146 distinguishes among classes of youth. METHODS: Data from a clinic-referred sample of 7-12-year-old @entity1 followed up to age 18 were used. Measures included structured clinical interviews with parents through adolescence, and youth self-report of @entity308 and personality domains at age 18. RESULTS: Variable-oriented analyses found predictive links between @entity146 and outcomes of @entity308 , @entity148 , and @entity663 . Latent classes of youth were distinguished by the presence or absence of @entity146 symptoms. Youth classified by @entity146 symptoms at baseline were significantly more likely to show @entity148 and @entity308 through adolescence and @entity308 and @entity663 at 18. No relationship was observed for the other of the Big Five personality factors. CONCLUSION: Irritability symptoms within @entity952 distinguish youth at risk for persisting problems with internalizing disorders and @entity663 into adulthood. The findings are suggestive of a model in which the early emergence of @entity146 marks life-course risks for specific types of @entity1314 .

title: An affective dimension within XXXX symptoms among @entity1 : personality and psychopathology outcomes into early adulthood.

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['irritability']

entities_list: @entity952 :: ('MESH:D019958', 'Disease') :: ['ODD', 'oppositional defiant disorder']

entities_list: @entity663 :: ('MESH:C564323', 'Disease') :: ['Neuroticism']

entities_list: @entity1314 :: ('MESH:D010554', 'Disease') :: ['psychopathology and personality problems']

answer: @entity952 :: (MESH:D019958,Disease) :: ['oppositional defiant disorder']


abstract: @entity439 may develop after any type of vascular surgery, in different areas of the arterial system, and require reoperation. The frequency of occurrence of the above-mentioned is estimated at 1-5%. MATERIAL AND METHODS: During the period between 1989 and 2010, 180 @entity1 with 230 anastomotic @entity439 were subject to surgical intervention at the Department of General and Thoracic Surgery, Warsaw Medical University. The study group comprised 21 (11.7%) female and 159 (88.3%) male @entity1 , aged between 30 and 87 years (mean age - 62.8 years). In relation to the number of anastomoses @entity439 were diagnosed in 2.1% of cases. Twenty-four (10.4%) @entity1 were diagnosed with recurrent @entity439 . RESULTS: Surgical procedures performed were as follows: artificial prosthesis implantation (119), reanastomosis (40), patch plasty (25), graftectomy (19), prosthesis replacement (9), and stent-graft (7) implantation. 195 (84.8%) @entity439 were subject to planned surgery, while 35 (15.2%) required emergency intervention. 77.8% of @entity1 were diagnosed with @entity439 , while the remaining 22.2% with @entity5880 . Good treatment results were obtained in 149 (82.8%) @entity1 . Limb amputations were performed in 19 (10.5%) cases. Twelve (6.7%) @entity1 died as a consequence of @entity281 . CONCLUSIONS: Vascular reoperations are a difficult clinical problem and are burdened with a high rate of complications. The above-mentioned often require complex treatment, in order to improve therapeutic results.

title: XXXX --20-years of experience from one center.

entities_list: @entity5880 :: ('MESH:D000785', 'Disease') :: ['infected perioperative aneurysms']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms', 'aseptic aneurysms', 'Anastomotic aneurysms']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection and general complications']

answer: @entity439 :: (MESH:D000783,Disease) :: ['Anastomotic aneurysms']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine the value of microvascular invasion, @entity5 size, and Fuhrman grade to predict the survival of @entity1 with surgically resected @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ). METHODS: A total of 771 consecutive @entity1 (T1-4, Nx, M0) were retrospectively reviewed. For each @entity1 with @entity1358 , the prognostic @entity15798 ( @entity15798 ) was calculated using the following variables: @entity5 size (>7 cm vs <or=7 cm), nuclear grading, and microvascular invasion. On the basis of @entity15798 , @entity1 were subdivided into low-risk (LR), intermediate-risk (IR), and high-risk (HR) groups. @entity5 -specific survival (CSS) were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Median follow-up was 80 months. RESULTS: Median follow-up was 80 months. DFS rates after 5 years were 91.2%, 61.3%, and 51.9% in the original @entity15798 LR, IR, and HR groups, respectively. CSS rates after 5 years were 94.3%, 79.8%, and 58.7%, respectively (P < 0.001). Each original @entity15798 constituent revealed a significant influence on DFS and CSS in the multivariate analysis. By modification of the cut-off value of the maximum @entity5 size from 7 to 5 cm the predictive value of the @entity15798 sum score was marginally enhanced. Using a cut-off value of 5 cm also resulted in a relatively better discrimination between the IR and the HR group regarding DFS and CSS. CONCLUSIONS: Stratifying @entity1358 @entity1 by @entity15798 into LR, IR, and HR groups provides a clinically useful tool for outcome analysis and risk assessment. However, the prognostic value of the @entity15798 could be enhanced by including a maximum @entity5 size with a cut-off at 5 cm into the sum score.

title: Validation of a postoperative prognostic model consisting of @entity5 microvascular invasion, size, and grade to predict @entity5 -specific survival of @entity1 with surgically resected XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Disease-free survival (DFS) and cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['renal cell carcinoma', 'RCC']

entities_list: @entity15798 :: ('MESH:D012373', 'Disease') :: ['Sao Paulo score', 'SPS']

answer: @entity1358 :: (MESH:D002292,Disease) :: ['renal cell carcinoma']


abstract: Cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebral av-differences of @entity26 and circulating substrates were measured in normocapnic @entity1 during general anaesthesia before elective surgery in order to study possible age-dependent variations. CBF was determined by a minor modification of the Kety-Schmidt technique from desaturation curves of @entity3810 ( @entity3727 ) in arterial and cerebral venous blood ( @entity3727 analysed by gas chromatography on 15 mul blood samples) after reduction of inhaled @entity3727 from 75 to 50%. The reproducibility was +/-4.6%. @entity880 , @entity2388 and @entity26 were determined in whole blood and @entity1522 in plasma by ion-exchange chromatography. Reliable av-differences of @entity413 , @entity4323 and @entity10488 could be calculated from plasma values and hematocrits. Mean values from 12 @entity1 (age 11 days-12 months) were: CBF 69 ml/100 g0min-1; cerebral uptake (in mumoles/100 g- @entity1009 ): @entity26 104, @entity413 27, @entity4323 0.9, @entity10488 2.3; cerebral release: @entity880 2.4 and @entity2388 0.8. Significant uptake of @entity1522 was found only for @entity3793 0.95 and @entity369 0.7. Significant correlations between arterial concentration and cerebral exchange were found for: @entity7222 , @entity369 , @entity815 , @entity2574 , @entity563 , @entity1160 and @entity4323 . CBF and substrate exchange were unrelated to age within the group. @entity1 had higher mean CBF and greater uptake of @entity6178 bodies than has been reported in adults.

title: Cerebral blood flow and exchange of @entity26 , XXXX , @entity6178 bodies, @entity880 , @entity2388 and @entity1522 in @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['infants', 'Infants']

entities_list: @entity4323 :: ('MESH:C016635', 'Chemical') :: ['acetoacetate']

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity1160 :: ('CHEBI:28300', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamine']

entities_list: @entity10488 :: ('CHEBI:10983', 'Chemical') :: ['D-beta-hydroxybutyrate']

entities_list: @entity3793 :: ('CHEBI:27570', 'Chemical') :: ['histidine']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity7222 :: ('CHEBI:18257', 'Chemical') :: ['ornithine']

entities_list: @entity815 :: ('CHEBI:28044', 'Chemical') :: ['phenylalanine']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate', 'Lactate']

entities_list: @entity3810 :: ('MESH:D009609', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrous oxide']

entities_list: @entity563 :: ('CHEBI:17822', 'Chemical') :: ['serine']

entities_list: @entity369 :: ('CHEBI:29016', 'Chemical') :: ['arginine']

entities_list: @entity2574 :: ('CHEBI:22660', 'Chemical') :: ['aspartic acid']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity2388 :: ('MESH:D019289', 'Chemical') :: ['pyruvate']

answer: @entity413 :: (MESH:D005947,Chemical) :: ['glucose']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To predict the risk of @entity3465 and possibility of pregnancy in natural IVF/ICSI cycles on the basis of the @entity53 (E2) level on the day of hCG injection and on the day after. DESIGN: A prospective study. SETTING: Hospital research program. @entity1 (S): One hundred sixty-four @entity1 undergoing 305 IVF/ICSI natural cycles. INTERVENTION(S): Serum E2 levels were measured approximately 12 h before (day 0) and 12-17 h after hCG administration (day 1). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): E2 levels on day 0 and day 1, the ratio of the day 1 to day 0 levels, and cycle outcome. RESULT(S): In cycles with @entity3465 and in conception cycles, the average E2 level on day 0 was statistically significantly higher than in other cycles, whereas the E2 ratio was statistically significantly lower. Multiple logistic regression was used to determine the connection of the E2 level on day 0 (B0 = -0.742, B = 2.147, P =.01) and the E2 ratio (B0 = -0.742, B = -3.135, P<.001) with @entity3465 . Only the E2 ratio (B0 = 0.659, B = -2.209, P =.0068) was significantly connected with conception. CONCLUSION(S): In predicting the outcome of natural IVF/ICSI cycles, the importance lies not in the E2 level on the day of hCG administration or on the day after, but rather in the E2 ratio.

title: Value of the serum XXXX level on the day of @entity1 chorionic gonadotropin injection and on the day after in predicting the outcome in natural in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PATIENT', 'women']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['estradiol']

entities_list: @entity3465 :: ('MESH:C536271', 'Disease') :: ['premature ovulation']

answer: @entity53 :: (MESH:D004958,Chemical) :: ['estradiol']


abstract: A prospective open study carried out over 5 years and including 20 @entity1 suffering from chronic bone suppuration following orthopaedic surgery has confirmed the value of the new @entity5176 (NQ) in these indications. The @entity1 received @entity13658 or @entity2177 most often combined with @entity1215 or @entity12119 for a mean period of 7 months. Single or multiple organism infections were documented in 14 @entity1 , the majority being Staph. aureus (n = 13) and Pseudomonas (n = 14). Samples were sterile in 6 cases. Fourteen therapeutic successes and 5 failures were observed. In one @entity1 , improvement was noted but the post-treatment follow-up insufficient to pronounce a cure. Success was obtained in 14 out of 16 @entity1 who had sensitive organisms or sterile samples. The mean post-treatment follow-up (16 months) was satisfactory but insufficient to speak of cure. However, in these @entity1 for whom further surgery, however desirable, is often refused, NQ constitute an improvement which raises hopes of cure or allows further surgery.

title: [Chronic bone infections after surgery. Treatment with the new XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity13658 :: ('MESH:D015366', 'Chemical') :: ['pefloxacin']

entities_list: @entity12119 :: ('MESH:D005672', 'Chemical') :: ['fusidic acid']

entities_list: @entity5176 :: ('MESH:D015363', 'Chemical') :: ['quinolones']

entities_list: @entity2177 :: ('MESH:D002939', 'Chemical') :: ['ciprofloxacin']

entities_list: @entity1215 :: ('MESH:D012293', 'Chemical') :: ['rifampicin']

answer: @entity5176 :: (MESH:D015363,Chemical) :: ['quinolones']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Specific curricula for professionals working in various settings with @entity1 with @entity303 have been developed and implemented into practice. In this study, the practical relevance of a teaching program for the M.A.S (Morbus @entity195 ) @entity303 trainer was evaluated. The curriculum was developed in 2002 within a scientific project. The goal was that care professionals and noncare professionals learn how to support and train @entity1 with @entity303 and their caregivers. The task of the trainer is to support the functional and emotional resources of the @entity1 with @entity303 employing stage-specific training according to principles of the theory of retrogenesis. Trainers are also able to support family caregivers in their difficult day-to-day care for the @entity1 with @entity303 . With this training and support program, @entity1 with @entity303 can train their residual capacities and develop a life perspective which enables them to cope with the long duration of @entity195 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: The curriculum for the training methodology is based in the theory of retrogenesis. The 1-year training course is held in the form of modules and includes the following topics: (1) stages of @entity303 and medical aspects, (2) communication with @entity1 with @entity303 , (3) stage-specific retrogenic training, (4) physical training for the elderly and @entity1 with @entity303 , (5) coaching family caregivers through the long disease duration, and (6) care issues for @entity1 without education in care. M.A.S trainers were questioned after they had concluded the teaching program successfully and had the chance to apply the content of the teaching program in their practical work. A short questionnaire was sent via e-mail or a telephone interview was performed. RESULTS: A total of 279 trainers graduated and were certified. Of these, 140 @entity1 (53.6% of the population) could be questioned after an average of 2.69 years after completion of the course: 93.6% of trainees were still using the principles of the teaching course successfully; of these, 56% were working in the function of a trainer full time and 44% used the principles within their work environment (mainly in the nursing home environment). CONCLUSION: The study found that the majority of questioned trainers are still using the principles taught in the course successfully with @entity1 with @entity303 living at home and the content was found to be relevant for practice. The content of the teaching course, applying principles of retrogenesis, which was originally designed for @entity1 with @entity303 living at home, can also be successfully applied in the nursing home environment. Increasing interest has been shown by institutions employing professionals whose task it is to keep @entity1 with @entity303 active and interested as well as physically functioning at their best possible level. As a consequence, @entity1 with @entity303 perceive higher quality of life and exhibit @entity146 which complicate care. More research is needed to accumulate evidence and to support these findings.

title: [A training program for XXXX trainers: does this program have practical relevance?].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['person', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['fewer behavior problems']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['Alzheimer syndrome', "Alzheimer's disease"]

answer: @entity303 :: (MESH:D003704,Disease) :: ['dementia']


abstract: We examined the expression of @entity15367 metabotropic @entity2227 receptors in the retina of the @entity2083 @entity2083 . @entity15367 receptors were expressed in all retinal layers internal to the photoreceptor layer, particularly in the outer and inner nuclear layers. Although the @entity2083 brain is able to tolerate prolonged periods of @entity519 , we examined whether @entity519 could induce @entity989 . Three hours of @entity519 induced in the retina the development of apoptotic cell death, as assessed 48 h later by TUNEL staining. TUNEL-positive cells were particularly found in the inner and outer nuclear layers, and were also present in the ganglion cell layer. Pharmacological activation of @entity15367 receptors by systemic injection of @entity15366 (0.5 mg/kg, i.p., 15 min before the onset of @entity519 ) substantially protected retinas against @entity519 -induced cell death. In contrast, systemic injection of the @entity15367 receptor antagonist, @entity32352 (1 mg/kg, i.p., 15 min before the onset of @entity519 ), significantly amplified cell death. Finally, as @entity15367 receptors are implicated in the control of extracellular @entity2227 concentrations, we examined the stimulation of @entity2227 release in isolated @entity2083 retinas. Depolarizing medium containing 30 mM @entity4338 led to a significant increase in @entity2227 release, which was substantially reduced by @entity15366 . We conclude that activation of @entity15367 receptors may provide a major defensive mechanism against @entity989 .

title: Pharmacological activation of @entity15367 metabotropic XXXX receptors protects retinal neurons against anoxic damage in the @entity2083 @entity2083 .

entities_list: @entity2227 :: ('CHEBI:29987', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamate']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['retinal damage', 'ischemic/anoxic retinal damage']

entities_list: @entity2083 :: ('7957', 'Species') :: ['goldfish', 'Carassius auratus']

answer: @entity2227 :: (CHEBI:29987,Chemical) :: ['glutamate']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In this study we aimed to assess site heterogeneity of early, intermediate, and late mortality prediction in @entity1 with severe @entity3964 @entity311 in sub-Saharan Africa. METHODS: Medical records of 26,036 @entity1 admitted with severe @entity3964 @entity311 in six hospital research centers between December 2000 to May 2005 were analyzed. Demographic, clinical and laboratory data of @entity1 who died within 24 hours (early), between 24 and 47 hours (intermediate) and thereafter (48 hours or later, late mortality) were compared between groups and survivors. RESULTS: Overall mortality was 4  3% (N=1,129). Median time to @entity204 varied across sites (P<0  001), ranging from 8 h (3 h-52 h) in Lambar  n   to 40 h (10 h-100 h) in Kilifi. Fifty-eight percent of @entity204 occurred within 24 hours and intermediate and late mortality rate were 19% and 23%, respectively. Combining all sites, deep @entity1353 , prostration and @entity4053 were independent predictors for early, intermediate and late mortality (P<0  01). Site specific independent predictors for early @entity204 included prostration, @entity772 and deep @entity1353 at all sites (P<0  001). Site specific independent predictors for intermediate and late @entity204 largely varied between sites (P<0  001) and included between 1 and 7 different clinical and laboratory variables. CONCLUSION: Site heterogeneity for mortality prediction is evident in African @entity1 with severe @entity311 . Prediction for early mortality has the highest consistency between sites.

title: Mortality patterns and site heterogeneity of severe XXXX in African @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity1353 :: ('MESH:D004417', 'Disease') :: ['breathing']

entities_list: @entity4053 :: ('MESH:D007003', 'Disease') :: ['hypoglycemia']

entities_list: @entity3964 :: ('5833', 'Species') :: ['Plasmodium falciparum']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['death', 'deaths']

answer: @entity311 :: (MESH:D008288,Disease) :: ['malaria']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1356 ( @entity1356 ), a pro-inflammatory cytokine, is emerging as a key mediator of carcinogenesis that characterizes host-environment interactions. Epidemiological studies investigating the association between two polymorphisms of @entity1356 ( @entity37160 and @entity43381 ) and @entity5 susceptibility have shown conflicting results. The aim of this study is to derive a more precise estimation of the relationship. METHODS: Related studies were identified through a systematic literature search of PubMed and Web of Science from their inception to September 15, 2012. Summary odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the @entity1356 @entity37160 and @entity43381 polymorphisms and @entity5 risk were calculated. Heterogeneity among studies and publication bias were also tested. RESULTS: The meta-analysis included 91 case-control studies in 85 publications, 81 studies for the @entity37160 (19547 cases and 23935 controls) and 26 studies for the @entity43381 polymorphisms (8083 cases and 9183). The pooled results indicated that @entity1356 @entity43381 (dominant model: OR=1.15, 95% CI: 1.01-1.30) was significantly associated with @entity5 risk, especially among hospital-based case-control studies (dominant model: OR=1.30, 95% CI: 1.02-1.66). As for @entity37160 , we observed an inverse relationship in @entity5 (dominant model: OR=1.74, 95% CI: 1.35-2.23) and @entity157 (dominant model: OR=0.68, 95% CI: 0.47-0.99). Moreover, @entity37160 was associated with risk of specific subtypes of @entity356 . CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis suggested that both the @entity1356 @entity37160 and @entity43381 polymorphisms might modulate @entity5 susceptibility. Further well-designed studies based on larger sample sizes should be performed to confirm the findings.

title: Systematic review and meta-analysis on the association between XXXX polymorphisms and @entity5 risk.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'increased overall cancer', 'cervical cancer']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']

answer: @entity1356 :: (3553,Gene) :: ['IL-1B']


abstract: Currently several endovascular modalities and devices are available for use in acute @entity385 setting. Limited data exist regarding the relative efficacy of these different options when used individually or in combination. The primary objective of this study was to retrospectively compare the recanalization rates of various endovascular options when used for the treatment of acute @entity385 in the anterior cerebral circulation. We retrospectively reviewed 132 consecutive @entity1 treated endovascularly at our center for acute @entity385 in the anterior cerebral circulation. Recanalization was defined as mTIMI of >=  2 while complete recanalization was defined as mTIMI of 4. Statistical analysis was performed to determine the modality or combination of modalities associated with best recanalization rate. Recanalization was achieved in 74% of @entity1 while complete recanalization was achieved in 39% of @entity1 . No individual endovascular therapy was significantly different from others in achieving recanalization. Where a multimodality approach was used, combination of angioplasty with intra- or extracranial stent placement was significantly (p=0.05) associated with recanalization. On regression analysis, combination of intra-arterial tPA with a mechanical modality (p=0.09) was significantly associated with recanalization while combination of intravenous tPA with intracranial stent placement (p=0.06) was significantly associated with complete recanalization. Combination of pharmacological and mechanical modalities in the setting of multimodal therapy is associated with increased likelihood of successful recanalization in @entity1 with acute @entity385 in the anterior cerebral circulation. Stent placement in acute @entity64 setting is promising and needs further exploration. Further prospective studies are needed.

title: Recanalization following various endovascular modalities for treatment of anterior circulation acute XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity385 :: (MESH:D002544,Disease) :: ['ischemic strokes']


abstract: BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: This study aims to examine the cost effectiveness of treating major @entity5 compared with other major illnesses in Taiwan. METHODS: We collected data on 395,330 @entity1 with @entity5 , 125,277 @entity1 with @entity454 , and 50,481 @entity1 under prolonged mechanical ventilation during 1998-2007. They were followed for 10-13 years to estimate lifetime survival functions using a semiparametric method. EuroQol five-dimension was used to measure the quality of life for 6189 @entity5 @entity1 and 1401 @entity1 with other illnesses. The mean utility values and healthcare costs reimbursed by the National Health Insurance were multiplied with the corresponding survival probabilities to estimate quality-adjusted life expectancies and lifetime costs, respectively. Data of 22,344 @entity5 @entity1 under hospice care (considered as a comparison group) were used to conduct a cost-effectiveness analysis. Sensitivity analysis was conducted by assuming @entity1 without treatment survived for 2 years with a quality of life value of 0.5. RESULTS: The costs of care for @entity1 under prolonged mechanical ventilation and those with @entity454 were US 41,780-53,708 per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) and US 18,222-18,465 per QALY, respectively, which are equivalent to 2.17-2.79 gross domestic product (GDP) per capita per QALY and 1.18-1.25 GDP per capita per QALY. The costs of care for the nine different @entity5 were less than 1 GDP per capita per QALY, with those of lung, esophagus, and @entity96 being the highest. Sensitivity analysis showed the same conclusion. Lifetime risks of six out of nine @entity5 sites show an increased trend. CONCLUSION: @entity5 care in Taiwan seemed cost effective compared with that of other illnesses, but prevention is necessary to make the National Health Insurance more sustainable.

title: Cost effectiveness of XXXX treatment in Taiwan.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'cancer', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['liver cancers']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage renal disease']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: AIM: The longevity of @entity298 ( @entity298 ) is limited by technique failure and @entity1 mortality. The authors assessed the influence of baseline and time-averaged fluid removal on @entity1 , technique and death-censored technique survival. METHODS: Peritoneal and total fluid removal was measured 1 month after commencing @entity298 , then 6 monthly, in 225 incident @entity1 (mean age 55.3+/-15.8 years, 52% male). A Cox proportional hazards model regression analysis was performed to identify variables independently predictive of technique and @entity1 survival. RESULTS: Seventy (31.9%) @entity1 were transferred to haemodialysis and 39 (17.63%) died. Technique survival was greatest in the middle tertile of baseline total fluid removal (mean survival time 3.5 vs 2.5 and 2.2 years for the lower and upper tertiles, respectively, log rank 6.5, P=0.039). The middle tertile of both baseline and time-averaged total fluid removal were significant predictors of @entity298 survival (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 0.476, 95% CI 0.286-0.795, P=0.005 relative to the upper tertile and HR 0.573, 95% CI 0.350-0.939, P=0.027 for baseline and time-averaged, respectively). Other significant variables on multivariate analysis were body mass index (HR 1.044 per kg/m2, 95% CI 1.005-1.084, P=0.028), @entity1011 (HR 0.999 per micromol, 95% CI 0.998-1.000, P=0.048) and residual Kt/V (HR 0.418, 95% CI 0.233-0.747, P=0.003). @entity1 survival was not affected by fluid removal. CONCLUSION: @entity1 with moderate total fluid removal both at baseline and throughout their @entity298 career have improved technique survival. Attention should be paid to optimizing total fluid removal.

title: Baseline and time-averaged fluid removal affect technique survival in XXXX in a non-linear fashion.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['peritoneal dialysis', 'PD']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

answer: @entity298 :: (MESH:D010538,Disease) :: ['peritoneal dialysis']


abstract: AIM: The incidence of heparin-induced @entity882 ( @entity1605 ) as a consequence of postoperative @entity715 prophylaxis after hip or knee prosthesis was investigated in this study. Furthermore the platelets count was postoperatively analysed in @entity1 without HIT II. @entity1 AND METHODS: @entity1 with knee and hip prosthesis were included in a prospective study during an 8 months period. All @entity1 received 3 x 5,000 Liquemin (Hoffmann-LaRoche) from the day of the operation until discharge. In cases with a platelet count drop of more than 40% and in @entity1 with clinically manifest @entity715 or @entity887 a @entity1605 test was initiated. RESULTS: 5 of 252 @entity1 included in this study developed a @entity1605 . The platelet count drop was on average 65.7% (40.9-81.6). One @entity1 died of a @entity358 (lethality 20%). Four @entity1 were treated with @entity20389 and 1 @entity1 with Danaproid-Natrium. There was no drop of the platelet count between the 5th and 7th postoperative day of more than 15% in the other @entity1 without @entity1605 . CONCLUSION: In operative departments not enough attention is paid to @entity1605 . Knowing the risks with an appropriate monitoring @entity1605 can be early detected. Under these conditions the advantages of a heparin prophylaxis outweigh the risk of developing a @entity1605 with it's life threatening sequelae.

title: [Significance and incidence of type II heparin-induced XXXX . A prospective study].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity887 :: ('MESH:D004617', 'Disease') :: ['embolism']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['lung embolism']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

answer: @entity882 :: (MESH:D013921,Disease) :: ['thrombocytopenia']


abstract: We investigated associations between metabolic factors and @entity5 subtypes. Data on body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, blood @entity413 , total @entity165 , and @entity1674 from seven prospective cohorts were pooled (n = 578,700; mean age = 44 years). Relative risks of @entity5 were calculated from Cox regression models. During mean follow-up of 12 years, 2,751 incident and 1,070 fatal cases of @entity5 occurred. Overall, higher BMI was associated with an increased @entity5 risk. In gender-specific subgroup analyses, BMI was positively associated with @entity5 risk (p = 0.002), @entity706 (p = 0.01), and @entity978 (p = 0.02) in @entity1 . Further associations with BMI were found for high-grade @entity1892 (p = 0.02) and chronic @entity1778 in @entity1 (p = 0.05) and @entity1 (p = 0.01). Higher @entity165 levels were inversely associated with @entity5 in @entity1 (p = 0.01), particularly @entity3052 (p = 0.003), and @entity413 was positively associated with @entity1860 in @entity1 (p = 0.03). In @entity1 , @entity413 was positively associated with risk of high-grade @entity1892 and @entity1582 , while @entity165 was inversely associated with low-grade @entity1892 . The @entity209 score was related to 48 % increased risk of @entity978 among @entity1 . BMI showed up as the most consistent risk factor, particularly in @entity1 . A clear pattern was not found for other metabolic factors.

title: Metabolic factors and XXXX among 578,000 adults in the @entity209 and @entity5 project (Me-Can).

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoid neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['blood cancer', 'myeloid neoplasms', 'blood cancers']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute myeloid leukemia']

entities_list: @entity1582 :: ('MESH:D009101', 'Disease') :: ['multiple myeloma']

entities_list: @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ['B-cell lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity1778 :: ('MESH:D007938', 'Disease') :: ['lymphatic leukemia']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity978 :: ('MESH:D006689', 'Disease') :: ["Hodgkin's lymphoma"]

entities_list: @entity1860 :: ('MESH:D015464', 'Disease') :: ['chronic myeloid leukemia']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['blood cancers']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To document the development of @entity337 following occlusion of a @entity432 . DESIGN: Case series involving nine @entity1 referred for surgical ligation of an isolated @entity432 . SETTING: Academic referral centre. METHODS: A preoperative transthoracic and transoesophageal echocardiogram was performed in theatre to look for @entity337 . Thereafter, aortic flow was monitored throughout the operation by colour flow mapping with the transoesophageal probe in situ. Onset of @entity337 was documented. An immediate postoperative transthoracic echocardiogram was performed on all @entity1 and then daily until discharge on day 5. A follow up clinical and echocardiographic assessment was performed six weeks postoperatively. RESULTS: With ligation of the @entity1 @entity432 , transoesophageal echocardiography showed immediate regurgitation in seven of the nine @entity1 , seen as a small central jet on colour flow mapping. Six of the seven @entity1 continued to have @entity337 on transthoracic echocardiography before leaving theatre. In none was @entity337 audible clinically. At discharge, five @entity1 still had evidence of @entity337 ; of four seen at follow up six weeks later, only one had residual regurgitation. CONCLUSIONS: Ligation of the @entity1 @entity432 results in the acute termination of the "run off" in a volume overloaded situation. This, together with a rise in the peripheral vascular resistance and the persistence of increased proximal vascular capacitance, is considered to be the underlying aetiology of the acquired @entity337 .

title: Acquired XXXX following occlusion of the persistent @entity432 : an echocardiographic assessment.

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['arterial duct', 'patent arterial duct']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity337 :: ('MESH:D001022', 'Disease') :: ['aortic regurgitation']

answer: @entity337 :: (MESH:D001022,Disease) :: ['aortic regurgitation']


abstract: Objective: Yoga is becoming more and more popular in the female society while the concomitant sports injury is seldom mentioned. Many clinicians have noted that yoga may result in knee problems, which though requires more researches to corroborate. This investigation was conducted to ascertain the relationship between yoga and @entity130 as well as the extent of impairment according to variant yoga practice periods. Methods: Totally 819 @entity1 aged 20-49 years who practiced yoga or other popular sports including badminton, jogging, climbing hills, etc for at least one hour per day were selected to participate in this research. These subjects were required to complete a questionnaire and receive relevant physical examination. Magnetic resonance (MR) scan of the knee was recommended for the suspicious subjects for ultimate diagnosis. The subject with abnormal meniscus MR signals was defined as a case and matched with two controls in terms of age and body mass index (BMI). Altogether there were 273 cases and 546 controls. The nested case-control model was adopted to assess the risk of @entity130 between variant exposures in practicing yoga and several other popular sports. Moreover, the 181 yoga subjects were subdivided into three groups according to different exercise durations, followed by further analysis with the variables of age, BMI and Lysholm score. Results: Yoga was found associated with a higher risk (P equal to 0.008, OR equal to 1.621) of @entity130 compared with badminton, jogging and climbing hills. The three yoga subgroups showed statistical difference between each other in terms of Lysholm score (P equal to 0.027) and BMI (P equal to 0.003). The subjects with longer-term yoga practice had lighter weight but lower Lysholm scores. Conclusions: Yoga perhaps exerts destructive impact on the meniscus for Chinese @entity1 , yet it needs further verifications. Furthermore, the female yoga players with longer exercise duration are more susceptible to @entity130 though they can become leaner.

title: Yoga is found hazardous to the meniscus for Chinese XXXX .

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['meniscus injury']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']