abstract: AIMS: Extranodal NK/T cell @entity706 , nasal type (ENKTCL) is usually composed of medium- to large-sized lymphoid cells showing prominent angiotrophism and @entity5 cell @entity39 . We report 13 cases composed predominantly of small lymphocytes diagnosed in the United States and Western Europe. METHODS AND RESULTS: @entity1 included seven females and six males aged 17-75 years. Ten presented with sinonasal and three with @entity66 . Nine had stage IE/IIE and four had stage IV disease. In five of seven @entity1 with multiple biopsies at different time-intervals, the @entity706 was misinterpreted as representing chronic @entity32 on an earlier biopsy. In all cases morphology showed a dense infiltrate of small lymphoid cells with minimal cytological atypia. Necrosis, angioinvasion and angiodestruction were each seen in 17%, 22% and 17% of biopsies. Median Ki67 was 5%. Four @entity1 died of @entity706 4-16 months after diagnosis, including three of four @entity1 with stage IV disease; seven (54%) are alive with no evidence of disease at a median of 39 months; one @entity1 with stage IV disease is alive at 10 months and one recurred at 17 months. CONCLUSIONS: In sinonasal biopsies with predominantly small lymphocytic infiltrates with admixed chronic @entity32 , focal hypercellularity, focal surface ulceration or microscopic bone invasion by small lymphoid cells should alert pathologists to the possibility of small-cell predominant ENKTCL. Awareness of the full histological spectrum of ENKTCL, particularly in non-endemic areas, is important in avoiding a delay in diagnosis and ensuring timely initiation of therapy.

title: Small-cell predominant extranodal NK/T cell XXXX , nasal type: clinicopathological analysis of a series of cases diagnosed in a Western population.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['buccal disease']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

answer: @entity706 :: (MESH:D008223,Disease) :: ['lymphoma']


abstract: To propose a simplified tool to recognize subjects with a moderate risk to develop @entity6 (Type 2 @entity3918 ): this method would take into account only variables from @entity209 which are cheaply assessable. A total of 3,003 employees without @entity6 in Italy who attended one annual health examination between 2009 and 2012 were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. A questionnaire was administered along with the annual health examination to record personal and familiar anamnesis. To identify Type 2 @entity3918 -prone individuals, the @entity6 predictive model by Stern MP et al. was used. Then a multiple logistic regression model was developed using the predicted probability 20%+ of developing Type 2 @entity3918 as the outcome variable and a panel of easily measurable continuous baseline characteristics as explanatory variables (waist circumference, WC; body mass index, BMI; and systolic blood pressure, @entity13519 ). The optimism-adjusted area under the curve of the proposed model receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) is 0.90. The effects of the explanatory variables on the presumed Type 2 @entity3918 risk are summarized by the following adjusted odds ratio values: 2.65 for @entity13519 (P < 0.001), 2.01 for WC (P = 0.04) and 4.64 for BMI (P < 0.001). The satisfactory ROC of the proposed model suggests the importance of simple assessments in the prognostic information on Type 2 @entity3918 risk. Such ease of use may be particularly relevant in populations facing the transition from traditional to industrial food who do not have a sophisticated health service yet.

title: A simplified indication of @entity209 to recognize subjects with a moderate risk to develop XXXX in a large Italian sample.

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic syndrome definitions']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes', 'type 2 diabetes mellitus']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['type 2 diabetes mellitus']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of @entity1372 channel blockade on anisotropic excitation propagation in the intact @entity235 left ventricle. BACKGROUND: Anisotropic ventricular conduction- electric conductivity dependent on the myocardial fiber direction-is one of the important mechanisms of @entity943 . However, the effects of @entity1372 channel blockade, especially the differential effect of a subclass of this agent, on the anisotropic properties remain unknown. METHODS: In 28 anesthetized, open chest @entity235 , a small cannula was inserted into the left anterior descending coronary artery. Saline (control), @entity7306 , @entity3303 or @entity6237 was infused selectively into the cannula. An array of 64 epicardial electrodes was placed on the anterior surface of the ventricle. @entity3457 ( @entity3457 ) was measured along the longitudinal (L) and transverse (T) directions. RESULTS: High dose @entity6237 (100 microg/kg body weight per min) delayed the @entity3457 along the L direction markedly (mean [+/-SE] 227 +/- 38%, p < 0.02) and mildly (121 +/- 10%, p < 0.02) along the T direction in regular beats (p < 0.007, L vs. T). @entity3303 and @entity7306 did not show direction-dependent prolongation of the @entity3457 on regular beats. When examined on premature beats, @entity3457 was delayed, depending on the coupling interval and the fiber direction when saline, @entity6237 or @entity3303 was infused. The conduction blocks along the L direction were observed in three of seven @entity235 on regular beats after @entity6237 and @entity2224 ensued in two of these three @entity235 . CONCLUSIONS: A peculiar slowing of L conduction by @entity6237 may relate to the character of proarrhythmia.

title: Electrophysiologic effects of @entity1372 channel blockade on anisotropic conduction and conduction block in @entity235 myocardium: preferential slowing of longitudinal conduction by @entity6237 versus XXXX or @entity3303 .

entities_list: @entity6237 :: ('MESH:D005424', 'Chemical') :: ['flecainide']

entities_list: @entity3303 :: ('MESH:D008012', 'Chemical') :: ['Lidocaine', 'lidocaine']

entities_list: @entity7306 :: ('MESH:D004206', 'Chemical') :: ['disopyramide']

entities_list: @entity2224 :: ('MESH:D014693', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular arrhythmia']

entities_list: @entity3457 :: ('OMIM:612348', 'Disease') :: ['Activation time', 'AT']

answer: @entity7306 :: (MESH:D004206,Chemical) :: ['disopyramide']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) has been defined as invasion of the @entity5 beyond the elastic layer (PL1), including invasion to the visceral pleural surface (PL2). The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic factors and patterns of recurrence in resected node-negative @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) with @entity3 . METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the clinicopathologic characteristics of 355 @entity1 with resected node-negative @entity1149 with @entity3 at Taipei Veterans General Hospital between 1990 and 2006. The prognostic value and patterns of recurrence were analyzed and compared between PL1 and PL2 groups. RESULTS: The median follow-up time was 54.2 months. The 5-year overall survival rate and probability of freedom from recurrence were 61.9% and 66.2%, respectively. The extent of @entity3 was PL1 in 300 @entity1 (84.5%) and PL2 in 55 (15.5%). During follow-up, 107 @entity1 (30.1%) developed recurrence. The patterns of recurrence included local recurrence only in 20 @entity1 (18.7%), distant @entity3 only in 59 (55.1%), and both local recurrence and distant @entity3 in 28 (26.2%). Thirteen of the 107 @entity1 (12.1%) with recurrence developed @entity3483 . The percentage of @entity3483 in the PL2 group was significantly higher than that in the PL1 group (P = .006). @entity1 with PL2 had significantly worse overall survival (P = .046) and lower probability of freedom from recurrence (P = .028) in multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS: PL2 was a significant prognostic factor for recurrence and worse overall survival in node-negative @entity1149 with @entity3 . This information is important for further design of clinical trials for aggressive adjuvant therapy.

title: Prognostic significance of the extent of visceral pleural invasion in completely resected node-negative XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'Visceral pleural invasion', 'VPI']

entities_list: @entity3483 :: ('MESH:D016066', 'Disease') :: ['malignant pleural effusion']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: To describe the pathoanatomy of @entity1103 in optical coherence tomography and its correlation with @entity941 angiography patterns. METHODS: Sixty eyes of 56 @entity1 were analyzed. @entity1103 was classified into typical focal leakage (from microaneurysm), typical diffuse leakage (the capillary plexus), or combined/questionable leakage using @entity941 angiography and retinal thickness profiles. The leakage and pooling patterns in @entity941 angiography were matched to the corresponding optical coherence tomography images and analyzed. RESULTS: Focal leakage shows swelling predominantly in the outer plexiform layer (OPL). Deeply located microaneurysms directly leak into the loose fiber portion of OPL (Henle layer) through the "fluid conductivity barrier" (synaptic portion of OPL). @entity2680 caused swelling predominantly in the inner nuclear layer and secondarily in the OPL. The deep capillary plexus is located between the two "fluid barriers" (inner plexiform layer and OPL); thus, diffuse leakage is primarily related with swelling in the inner nuclear layer. In the combined/questionable leakage, partial sections consisting of inner nuclear layer swelling and much larger areas of OPL/outer nuclear layer swelling are noticed. CONCLUSION: Based on the concept of the fluid conductivity barrier, we revealed a correlation between the intraretinal location of the leakage source and where the fluid accumulated within the retinal layers.

title: New insights into the pathoanatomy of XXXX : angiographic patterns and optical coherence tomography.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2680 :: ('MESH:D003763', 'Disease') :: ['Diffuse leakage']

entities_list: @entity941 :: ('MESH:D019793', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorescein']

entities_list: @entity1103 :: ('MESH:D008269', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic macular edema', 'Diabetic macular edema']

answer: @entity1103 :: (MESH:D008269,Disease) :: ['diabetic macular edema']


abstract: Interactions between malignant cells and their environment are achieved via cell-surface receptors and adhesion molecules. The extracellular matrix (ECM) and ECM-bound cytokines modulate the expression of cell-surface molecules on target malignant cells, which may lead to changes in their susceptibility to cytolysis, in their ability to present antigens, and in the induction of local immune-cell activation and patrol. Eventually, these alterations may culminate in either the destruction, or escape and proliferation, of the @entity5 . We studied the effects of the ECM and its components in a "naive" form or following binding of the inflammatory cytokines interferon gamma ( @entity379 ) and @entity5 necrosis factor alpha ( @entity310 ) on the surface expression of human @entity4107 , HLA class-II (HLA-DR), and @entity2071 ( @entity2071 ), on nonmalignant and malignant thyroid cells. The basal expression of HLA class-I molecules was not significantly changed either by naive ECM and its components or by ECM-bound cytokines. ECM synergized with @entity379 and @entity310 in inducing HLA-DR molecules on nonmalignant and malignant thyrocytes, with higher HLA-DR levels on the malignant cells. The laminin component, in particular, synergized with @entity379 . Basal @entity2071 expression on nonneoplastic cells was not significantly affected by the cytokines when grown in the absence of ECM, but was significantly upregulated when cells were cultured on ECM. In contrast, in malignant thyrocyte cultures, ECM significantly attenuated @entity379 - and @entity310 -mediated enhancement of @entity2071 expression. We concluded that signals derived from ECM-embedded cytokines participate in the regulation of key thyroid cell surface molecules and, thus, may affect the final outcome of @entity1 @entity1374 .

title: Modulation of human leukocyte antigen and @entity2071 surface expression in malignant and nonmalignant XXXX thyroid cells by cytokines in the context of extracellular matrix.

entities_list: @entity2071 :: ('3383', 'Gene') :: ['ICAM-1', 'intracellular adhesion molecule-1']

entities_list: @entity4107 :: ('3126', 'Gene') :: ['leukocyte antigen (HLA) class-I']

entities_list: @entity1374 :: ('MESH:D013959', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid malignancies']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 with @entity29 may suffer one or more extraintestinal manifestations during the course of their condition, these being more frequent in @entity30 . The aim of our study was to evaluate the prevalence of extraintestinal manifestations in @entity1 with @entity30 in our healthcare area, and to assess the relationship between its presence and diverse clinical-evolutionary variables. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Extraintestinal manifestations in 157 @entity1 diagnosed with @entity30 in our center were retrospectively studied. The clinical-evolutionary characteristics of this population were compared with respect to the presence or absence of different extraintestinal manifestations. RESULTS: Seventy-two @entity1 (46%) presented at least with one extraintestinal manifestation. Thirty-one percent were @entity1960 -related manifestations (22% rheumatologic, 13% muco-cutaneous, 4% ophthalmologic), 11% @entity2963 , 8% @entity1790 , 3% @entity1031 , and other manifestations were less frequent. Fourteen percent presented with more than one extraintestinal manifestation. Rheumatologic and muco-cutaneous manifestations were significantly more frequent in @entity1 with disease confined to the colon. Cholelithiasis was significantly associated to those over 40 and also to males. @entity1790 was also significantly associated to those over 40, and @entity1031 was linked to females. CONCLUSIONS: forty-six percent of @entity1 with @entity30 presented at least with one extraintestinal manifestation. Thirty-one percent presented with @entity1960 -related manifestations, rheumatologic and muco-cutaneous manifestations being the most frequent, whereas hepatic manifestations were infrequent. Rheumatologic and muco-cutaneous manifestations were more frequent in @entity1 with disease confined to the colon.

title: Extraintestinal manifestations of XXXX : prevalence and related factors.

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel disease']

entities_list: @entity2963 :: ('MESH:D002769', 'Disease') :: ['cholelithiasis']

entities_list: @entity1790 :: ('MESH:D053040', 'Disease') :: ['Nephrolithiasis', 'nephrolithiasis']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['thromboembolic illness']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ['Crohn s disease']

answer: @entity30 :: (MESH:D003424,Disease) :: ['Crohn's disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of radiography for the detection of MRI-detected @entity571 -associated features in various articular subregions of the hip joint. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-four @entity1 with chronic @entity158 (mean age, 63.3        9.5  years), who were part of the @entity570 MRI Scoring (HOAMS) cohort, underwent both weight-bearing anteroposterior pelvic radiography and 1.5  T MRI. The HOAMS study was a prospective observational study involving 52 subjects, conducted to develop a semiquantitative MRI scoring system for @entity570 features. In the present study, eight subjects were excluded because of a lack of radiographic assessment. On radiography, the presence of superior and medial joint space narrowing, superior and @entity2096 , acetabular @entity2001 of femoral head was noted. On MRI, cartilage, @entity5040 , @entity2001 were evaluated in the corresponding locations. Diagnostic performance of radiography was compared with that of MRI, and the area under curve (AUC) was calculated for each pathological feature. RESULTS: Compared with MRI, radiography provided high specificity (0.76-0.90) but variable sensitivity (0.44-0.78) for diffuse @entity16 (using JSN as an indirect marker), @entity5040 , acetabular @entity2001 of the femoral head, and a low specificity (0.42 and 0.58) for acetabular @entity5040 . The AUC of radiography for detecting overall diffuse @entity16 , @entity5040 , @entity2001 was 0.76, 0.78, 0.67, and 0.82, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Diagnostic performance of radiography is good for bone @entity5040 and @entity16 , but poor for @entity2001 .

title: The diagnostic performance of radiography for detection of XXXX -associated features compared with MRI in hip joints with chronic pain.

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity5040 :: ('MESH:D054850', 'Disease') :: ['attrition, fair for marginal osteophytes', 'osteophytes', 'marginal osteophytes', 'femoral osteophytes']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['cartilage damage']

entities_list: @entity2001 :: ('MESH:D001845', 'Disease') :: ['subchondral cysts, and bone attrition', 'subchondral cysts and bone attrition', 'subchondral cysts']

entities_list: @entity2096 :: ('MESH:D020428', 'Disease') :: ['inferior acetabular/femoral osteophytes']

entities_list: @entity570 :: ('MESH:D015207', 'Disease') :: ['Hip Osteoarthritis', 'hip osteoarthritis']

answer: @entity571 :: (MESH:D010003,Disease) :: ['osteoarthritis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Hair shaft disorders are characterized by congenital or acquired abnormalities of the hair shaft. The objective of this study was to review the literature regarding the prognosis and treatment options for hair shaft disorders. We used keywords in the search engines PubMed and Medline to identify all publications in English related to the prognosis and management of hair shaft disorders. Data were extracted from 96 articles that met search criteria. Findings were limited to case reports and small case series, as no studies were found. Disorders that improve in childhood include pili torti, @entity29909 , woolly hair, and @entity36133 . Others, such as @entity29909 , monilethrix, @entity36134 , and pili bifurcati, improve with @entity5491 . Oral @entity4878 have been found to improve hair abnormalities in @entity29909 and monilethrix. There is no specific treatment for congenital hair shaft abnormalities. Gentle hair care is the mainstay of care for hair shaft disorders associated with @entity2100 . Practices for gentle care include no @entity13391 , backcombing, chemical products, tight braids, heat exposure, or mechanical grooming. Furthermore, any @entity74 requires genetic counseling as part of management.

title: Prognosis and Management of Congenital Hair Shaft Disorders without XXXX .

entities_list: @entity4878 :: ('MESH:D012176', 'Chemical') :: ['retinoids']

entities_list: @entity36134 :: ('MESH:C537187', 'Disease') :: ['pili annulati']

entities_list: @entity36133 :: ('MESH:C536939', 'Disease') :: ['pili trianguli et canaliculi']

entities_list: @entity29909 :: ('MESH:C536556', 'Disease') :: ['trichorrhexis nodosa', 'trichorrhexis invaginata']

entities_list: @entity2100 :: ('MESH:D005600', 'Disease') :: ['fragility']

entities_list: @entity5491 :: ('MESH:D008914', 'Chemical') :: ['minoxidil']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['inherited or congenital disorder']

answer: @entity2100 :: (MESH:D005600,Disease) :: ['Fragility-Part II']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 with @entity565 may show less tolerance to exercise due to worsening @entity565 symptoms during exercise or other reasons such as deconditioning, as a consequence of inactivity. Some may also restrict activities as per medical advice or family influence and this might result in reduced physical fitness. Physical training programs aim to improve physical fitness, neuromuscular coordination and self confidence. Subjectively, many @entity1 with @entity565 report that they are symptomatically better when fit, but results from trials have varied and have been difficult to compare because of different designs and training protocols. Also, as exercise can induce @entity565 , the safety of exercise programmes need to be considered. OBJECTIVES: To gain a better understanding of the effect of physical training on the respiratory and general health of @entity1 with @entity565 , from randomised trials. SEARCH METHODS: We searched the Cochrane Airways Group Specialised Register of trials up to April 2011. SELECTION CRITERIA: We included randomised trials of @entity1 over eight years of age with @entity565 who were randomised to undertake physical training. Physical training had to be undertaken for at least twenty minutes, two times a week, over a minimum period of four weeks. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two review authors independently assessed eligibility for inclusion and the quality of trials. MAIN RESULTS: Nineteen studies (695 @entity1 ) were included in this review. Physical training was well tolerated with no adverse effects reported. None of the studies mentioned worsening of @entity565 symptoms following physical training. Physical training improved cardiopulmonary fitness as measured by a statistically and clinically significant increase in maximum @entity26 uptake ( @entity601 5.57 mL/kg/min; 95% confidence interval (CI) 4.36 to 6.78; six studies on 149 @entity1 ) and maximum expiratory ventilation (6.0 L/min, 95% CI 1.57 to 10.43; four studies on 111 @entity1 ) with no significant effect on resting lung function (performed in four studies). Although there were insufficient data to pool due to diverse reporting tools, there is some evidence available to suggest that physical training may have positive effects on health-related quality of life, with four of five studies producing a statistically and clinically significant benefit. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: This review demonstrated that physical training can improve cardiopulmonary fitness and was well tolerated among @entity1 with @entity565 in the included studies. As such, @entity1 with stable @entity565 should be encouraged to partake in regular exercise training, without fear of symptom exacerbation.

title: Physical training for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'people', 'People']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

answer: @entity565 :: (MESH:D001249,Disease) :: ['asthma']


abstract: PURPOSE: Autogenous @entity292 are the preferential vascular access for hemodialysis. The aim of this retrospective study was to determine the efficacy of angioplasty for @entity409 because of @entity409 .     METHODS: We reviewed all the angiographic procedures performed on our institution between April 2007 and April 2009. Procedures performed in @entity409 because of inflow stenoses were analyzed. Fistulas with stenoses out of these areas were excluded. The following data were collected: @entity1 age and sex, @entity292 age at the time of intervention, location of @entity292 , number and location of @entity850 , angiography referral criteria, clinical findings (presence or absence of thrills, @entity392 ) and date of reintervention or failure.     RESULTS: During the study period 215 @entity292 were submitted to angiography of which, seventy-one presented @entity850 (33%). Mean follow-up was 21.72  9.26 months, and average age was 7.03 months. Two groups were considered: 31 @entity292 comprising  <=6 months old, and 40 @entity292 >6 months old. Primary patency rates  SE for older @entity292 at 6, 12, 18 and 24 months, respectively, was 91.3%   0.04%, 80.7%   0.07%, 53.8%   0.10% and 34.2  0.1% versus 91.7  0.08%, 57.1  0.14%, 23  0.14%, 11.4%   0.1% for younger @entity292 (P=0.04). Fistulas  <=6 months old and multiple @entity850 were associated with a poorer primary patency rate (P=0.005).    CONCLUSIONS: Inflow @entity850 is frequently associated with @entity292 dysfunction. In this study we only analyzed AVF with @entity850 and we have shown that angioplasty can have great patency results, particularly for single lesions in matured @entity292 .

title: Efficacy of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty on dysfunctional fistulae because of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['inflow dysfunction', 'dysfunctional fistulas']

entities_list: @entity292 :: ('MESH:D005402', 'Disease') :: ['fistula', 'fistulas']

entities_list: @entity392 :: ('MESH:D014012', 'Disease') :: ['bruits and pulsatility']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis', 'inflow stenosis']

answer: @entity850 :: (MESH:D003251,Disease) :: ['inflow stenosis']


abstract: We previously showed that intravenous total parenteral nutrition supplemented with nucleosides and @entity2036 (NS/NT) promoted @entity1066 in @entity35 with @entity3352 -induced @entity13570 . The present study evaluated whether dietary NT supplementation would similarly affect @entity1066 in this model. Female Lewis @entity35 were randomized into either control or experimental groups receiving @entity375 RNA containing NT or @entity369 , @entity1160 , fish oil, guar gum, or a combination of @entity375 RNA+ @entity369 diets. @entity13570 was induced by two doses of @entity3352 (7.5 mg/kg) administered subcutaneously 24 hr apart. Ulcer number and length were determined at 4, 8, and 14 days after induction of @entity13570 . Ileal villous and crypt length, crypt-villous ratio, and @entity1603 ( @entity1603 ) labeling were studied in the control and @entity375 RNA-supplemented diet groups. Ileal ulceration was present in all groups at 4 and 8 days and was almost healed by 14 days. @entity35 receiving @entity375 RNA, @entity369 , and @entity375 RNA + @entity369 diets showed a significant @entity1066 (56%, 28%, and 34%, respectively) and length (67%, 41%, and 48%, respectively) compared to controls at 8 but not at 4 days. @entity1160 , fish oil, and guar gum had no effect on @entity1066 at 4, 8, or 14 days. Among the histological parameters, a significant decrease in crypt length in the @entity375 RNA-supplemented group at 8 days suggested an acceleration of the healing process and restoration to a near-normal crypt-villous architecture. We conclude that the @entity375 RNA, @entity369 , and @entity375 RNA + @entity369 diets accelerated @entity1066 , as indicated by decreased ulcer number and length. We postulate that the underlying mechanism(s) contributing to @entity1066 may be related, in part, to increased cell proliferation.

title: Dietary supplementation of @entity2036 and @entity369 promotes healing of small bowel @entity1066 in experimental XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1603 :: ('MESH:D001973', 'Chemical') :: ['BrdU', 'bromodeoxyuridine']

entities_list: @entity1160 :: ('CHEBI:28300', 'Chemical') :: ['Glutamine', 'glutamine']

entities_list: @entity2036 :: ('MESH:D009711', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotides']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['decrease in ulcer number', 'ulcer healing']

entities_list: @entity13570 :: ('MESH:D007079', 'Disease') :: ['Ileitis', 'ileitis']

entities_list: @entity3352 :: ('MESH:D007213', 'Chemical') :: ['indomethacin']

entities_list: @entity369 :: ('CHEBI:29016', 'Chemical') :: ['arginine']

answer: @entity1066 :: (MESH:D014456,Disease) :: ['ulcerative ileitis']


abstract: @entity177 is a rare complication of @entity3459 . However, when it occurs, it rapidly progresses to a stage that requires replacement of renal function. Major problems include the choice of dialysis method, prevention of complications and supplementation of deficient factor. In hemodialysis, it is challenging to prevent system clotting and avoid @entity548 . We present a case of polytraumatized male @entity1 with @entity447 , who developed @entity2054 with @entity810 . Continuous venovenous hemodialysis (CWHD) improved his condition and he recovered his kidney function. However, over the next few days he developed @entity295 with @entity177 . CWHDF (hemodiafiltration) was restarted. Several large @entity1410 were found in the abdominal cavity and in the inguinal region, one of them inducing @entity2054 with leg @entity39 . The @entity1 died from @entity1167 .

title: [Renal replacement therapy in a polytraumatized @entity1 with XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['severe sepsis']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity447 :: ('MESH:D006467', 'Disease') :: ['hemophilia A']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['deterioration of renal function', 'Renal failure']

entities_list: @entity3459 :: ('MESH:D025861', 'Disease') :: ['hereditary coagulopathies']

entities_list: @entity2054 :: ('MESH:D003161', 'Disease') :: ['compartment syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1410 :: ('MESH:D006406', 'Disease') :: ['hematomas']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['acute renal failure']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiorespiratory arrest']

answer: @entity447 :: (MESH:D006467,Disease) :: ['hemophilia']


abstract: @entity1778 is the most common form of @entity5 in childhood. The disease is characterized by a high incidence of oral complications at diagnosis and during subsequent treatment. Oral complications can be divided in three groups. Primary lesions are induced by the infiltration of the oral structures by malignant cells: gingival infiltration and infiltration of bony oral structures. Secondary lesions are the result of the myelophthisic character of the disease. This group contains symptoms of @entity417 , @entity548 and increased susceptibility to @entity281 . @entity75 are induced by the antileukemic treatment @entity1 receive. Direct and indirect cytotoxic effects can be distinguished. This article reviews the different oral manifestations, describes the most prominent characteristics of the different oral symptoms and demonstrates the importance of early and correct recognition of these symptoms for the oncologist. This can be important for diagnosis of the disease, but also for prevention and treatment of complications during the subsequent treatment. Dentists and stomatologists can contribute to a better prognosis and a reduction of morbidity and mortality of this disease.

title: [Oral manifestations in @entity1778 XXXX and their diagnostic value].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['increased bleeding tendency']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['Tertiary lesions']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity1 with @entity5343 require lifelong treatment with glucocorticoids. At present, no glucocorticoid replacement therapy (GRT) can exactly mimic normal physiology. As a consequence, under- and especially overtreatment can occur. Suboptimal GRT may lead to various side effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the use of salivary @entity701 day curves (SCDC) in the individual adjustment of GRT in order to approach normal @entity701 levels as closely as possible, reduce over- and underreplacement and study the short-term effects on quality of life (QoL). DESIGN AND METHODS: Twenty @entity1 with @entity5343 were included in this prospective study. A SCDC was obtained and compared to normal controls; general and disease specific QoL-questionnaires were completed. Based on SCDC assessment of over- and undertreatment (calculated as duration (h)   magnitude (nmol/L) at different time points, glucocorticoid dose and regime were adjusted. After 4 weeks SCDC and QoL assessment were repeated and the effect of adjusting GRT was analysed. RESULTS: At baseline, underreplacement was present in 3 and overreplacement in 18 @entity1 ; total calculated overreplacement was 32.8 h.nmol/L. Overreplacement decreased significantly to 13.3 h. nmol/L (p =0.005) after adjustment of GRT. Overreplacement was found particularly in the afternoon and evening. After reducing overreplacement in the evening, complaints about @entity25 significantly decreased. CONCLUSIONS: Individual adjustment of GRT based on SCDC to approach normal @entity701 concentrations during the day can reduce overreplacement, especially in the evening. This can lead to a @entity25 and fatigue in @entity1 with @entity5343 . A SCDC is a simple and @entity1 -friendly tool for adjusting GRT and can be useful in the follow-up of @entity1 with @entity5343 .

title: Salivary @entity701 day curves in assessing glucocorticoid replacement therapy in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5343 :: ('MESH:D000224', 'Disease') :: ["Addison's disease"]

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['reduction of sleep disturbances', 'sleep disturbances']

answer: @entity5343 :: (MESH:D000224,Disease) :: ['Addison's disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of @entity2213 in the treatment of @entity1 as preoperative supplement, or used alone for unresectable and/or metastatic @entity674 ( @entity674 ). METHODS: A total of 51 cases with advanced @entity674 were proved pathologically. Among them, @entity2467 was detected positive in 47 @entity1 and negative in 4 @entity1 ; 4 @entity1 received @entity2213 before operation and 47 @entity1 with unresectable and (or) metastatic @entity674 received oral @entity2213 daily at dose of 300-800 mg. One @entity1 was lost in follow-up and the objective effect was evaluated in 50 @entity1 . RESULTS: 3 of the 50 @entity1 (6.0%) achieved complete response (CR), 34 (68%) had partial response (PR), 5 (10.0%) had @entity66 ( @entity66 ) and 8 (20.0%) had @entity74 ( @entity74 ). The median time to progression (mTTP) was 16 months during which most of the @entity1 experienced benefit. 32 @entity1 had been followed up for more then 1 year. The 1-year and 2-year survival rate were 95.3%, 89% respectively. 50 @entity1 were valuable for the @entity137 assessment according to the WHO standard. The main @entity137 included grade I-II @entity4 of periorbital area and lower limb in 72.0% (36/50) @entity1 , @entity1431 was present in 46% (23/50) and intratumoral bleeding in 4.0% (2/50). Other @entity137 included mild @entity1295 (28.0%), @entity490 (14.0%), efflorescence (18.0%), @entity390 and @entity391 (18.0%). CONCLUSIONS: As an inhibitor of @entity669 kinase, @entity2213 is generally well tolerated and has been proved to be effective and safe during prolonged treatment of @entity1 with advanced @entity674 . Its @entity137 is acceptable.

title: [ @entity2213 in the treatment of advanced XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['stable disease', 'SD']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['PD', 'progression disease']

entities_list: @entity1431 :: ('MESH:D007970', 'Disease') :: ['leukopenia']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

entities_list: @entity2213 :: ('MESH:C097613', 'Chemical') :: ['imatinib mesylate']

entities_list: @entity674 :: ('MESH:D046152', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal stromal tumors', 'GIST']

answer: @entity674 :: (MESH:D046152,Disease) :: ['gastrointestinal stromal tumors']


abstract: The cytosolic domain of the peptide-processing integral membrane protein @entity6454 ( @entity6454 ; EC 1.14. 17.3) contains multiple signals determining its subcellular localization. Three @entity6454 cytosolic interactor proteins (P-CIPs) were identified using the yeast two hybrid system (Alam, M. R., Caldwel, B. D., Johnson, R. C., Darlington, D. N., Mains, R. E., and Eipper, B. A. (1996) J. Biol. Chem. 271, 28636-28640); the partial @entity535 sequence of @entity33830 suggested that it was a protein kinase. In situ hybridization and immunocytochemistry show that @entity33830 is expressed widely throughout the brain; @entity6454 and @entity33830 are expressed in the same neurons. Based on subcellular fractionation, the 47-kDa @entity33830 protein is mostly cytosolic. @entity33830 is a highly selective kinase, phosphorylating the cytosolic domain of @entity6454 , but not the corresponding region of @entity13379 or @entity40641 . Although @entity33830 interacts with stathmin, it does not phosphorylate stathmin. Site-directed mutagenesis, @entity13269 analysis, and use of synthetic peptides demonstrate that @entity6454 -Ser(949) is the major site phosphorylated by @entity33830 . Based on both in vitro binding experiments and co-immunoprecipitation from cell extracts, @entity33830 interacts with @entity6454 proteins containing the wild type cytosolic domain, but not with mutant forms of @entity6454 whose trafficking is disrupted. @entity33830 , through its highly selective phosphorylation of a key site in the cytosolic domain of @entity6454 , appears to play a critical role in the trafficking of this protein.

title: The novel kinase @entity6454 cytosolic interactor protein 2 interacts with the cytosolic routing determinants of the peptide processing enzyme XXXX .

entities_list: @entity6454 :: ('5066', 'Gene') :: ['peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase', 'PAM']

entities_list: @entity40641 :: ('1362', 'Gene') :: ['carboxypeptidase D']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity13269 :: ('CHEBI:26051', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphoamino acid']

answer: @entity6454 :: (5066,Gene) :: ['peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate survival and morbidity after @entity530 ( @entity530 ) for the curative management of recurrent cervical @entity5 . METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated @entity1 with recurrent cervical @entity5 who underwent @entity530 from January 2001 to April 2011. @entity1 were identified from the registry of our institution. The clinical status and demographic information was obtained by reviewing the medical records. RESULTS: Sixty-one recurrent cervical @entity5 @entity1 underwent @entity530 . @entity1 who received radiotherapy, operation, chemotherapy before @entity530 were 98%, 41%, and 23%, respectively. The total morbidity rate was 44%; 10 (16%) @entity1 had early complications (30 days or less after @entity530 ), whereas 22 (36%) @entity1 had late complications. Wound problems were common early complications (7/18), and bowel @entity292 were common late complications (9/30). The five-year overall survival and five-year disease-free survival were 56% and 49%, respectively. Median follow-up was 22 months (range, 1.8 to 60 months). Affecting factors for overall survival were resection margin status, pelvic wall and rectal involvement. CONCLUSION: Our overall 5-year survival is encouraging. Although the morbidity rate is still high, @entity530 is a potentially curative opportunity in @entity5 with no other treatment options. The most important factors for overall survival after @entity530 are the resection margin status, pelvic wall involvement and rectal involvement.

title: Pelvic exenteration for recurrent cervical XXXX : ten-year experience at National @entity5 Center in Korea.

entities_list: @entity530 :: ('MESH:D010386', 'Disease') :: ['PE', 'pelvic exenteration']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity292 :: ('MESH:D005402', 'Disease') :: ['fistulas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['gynecological malignancies', 'cancer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This article presents a subset of findings on the experience of @entity236 and biopsy (BMAB) from an Australian hematology survivorship study. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the larger research was to document and explore issues associated with the experience of survivorship for hematology @entity1 supported by Leukaemia Foundation of Queensland. The experience with BMABs was one of the issues explored. METHODS: The qualitative study involved in-depth interviews with 50 individuals with a diagnosis of a @entity1583 from a range of locations throughout Queensland, Australia. The interviews were transcribed verbatim, coded, and then analyzed thematically. RESULTS: The findings demonstrate that, for many of the hematology @entity1 in the study, BMABs were a @entity158 experience. The findings indicate that a major contributing factor to the @entity158 and discomfort is the lack of effective procedural care. CONCLUSIONS: The findings emphasized the importance of the provision of choice with regard to anesthesia or sedation as part of the procedural care for BMABs. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: The insights provide urgency to the call for further research to improve clinical practice and procedural care in relation to BMABs. The strong recommendation from the study is that procedural @entity158 in relation to BMABs for hematology @entity1 be managed from the initial procedure as the consequences of a traumatic experience can be far reaching, particularly in light of the need for repeated BMABs over the treatment trajectory. As specialist nurses are now increasingly taking responsibility for carrying out such procedures, the findings have implications for the nursing profession.

title: Procedural care for adult XXXX and biopsy: qualitative research findings from Australia.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity236 :: ('MESH:D001855', 'Disease') :: ['bone marrow aspiration']

entities_list: @entity1583 :: ('MESH:D019337', 'Disease') :: ['hematologic malignancy']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'painful']

answer: @entity236 :: (MESH:D001855,Disease) :: ['bone marrow aspiration']


abstract: Early attempts to develop an animal model for anti- @entity11535 drugs, using @entity235 and @entity468 ; were unsuccessful. @entity235 did not show a beneficial effect of @entity5591 (probably the best single anti- @entity11535 drug for @entity1 thus far) and the findings in @entity468 were not definitive. The authors have developed an animal model using the squirrel monkey ( @entity11420 ) of the Bolivian phenotype. Unrestrained monkeys in a small lucite cage were tested in an apparatus that induces @entity11535 by combining vertical oscillation and horizontal rotation in a visually unrestricted laboratory environment. Signs of @entity11535 were scored using a rating scale. Ten susceptible monkeys (weighing 800-1000 g) were given a total of five tests each, to establish the baseline susceptibility level. Based on the anticholinergic activity of @entity5591 , the sensitivity of squirrel monkey to @entity5591 was investigated, and the appropriate dose of @entity5591 for this species was determined. Then various anti- @entity11535 were administered in subsequent tests: 100 ug @entity5591 per monkey; 140 ug @entity2254 ; 50 ug @entity5591 plus 70 ug @entity2254 ; 100 ug @entity5591 plus 140 ug @entity2254 ; 3 mg @entity4489 ; 3 mg @entity4489 plus 3 mg @entity6358 . All these preparations were significantly effective in preventing @entity11535 in the monkeys. @entity6358 , by itself, which is marginally effective in @entity1 , was ineffective in the monkeys at the doses tried (0.3-6.0 mg). The squirrel monkey appears to be a good animal model for antimotion sickness drugs. Peripherally acting antihistamines such as @entity11366 and @entity9691 were found to be ineffective, whereas @entity4271 , and an @entity369 vasopressin V1 antagonist, showed significant activity in preventing @entity11535 .

title: Investigation of anti- XXXX drugs in the squirrel monkey.

entities_list: @entity4489 :: ('MESH:D011398', 'Chemical') :: ['promethazine']

entities_list: @entity2254 :: ('MESH:D003913', 'Chemical') :: ['dexedrine']

entities_list: @entity6358 :: ('MESH:D004809', 'Chemical') :: ['Ephedrine', 'ephedrine']

entities_list: @entity11535 :: ('MESH:D009041', 'Disease') :: ['motion sickness preparations', 'motion sickness']

entities_list: @entity9691 :: ('MESH:D016593', 'Chemical') :: ['terfenadine']

entities_list: @entity4271 :: ('MESH:D005444', 'Chemical') :: ['flunarizine']

entities_list: @entity5591 :: ('MESH:D012601', 'Chemical') :: ['scopolamine']

entities_list: @entity369 :: ('CHEBI:29016', 'Chemical') :: ['arginine']

entities_list: @entity11366 :: ('MESH:D016589', 'Chemical') :: ['astemizole']

entities_list: @entity11420 :: ('9521', 'Species') :: ['Saimiri sciureus']

answer: @entity11535 :: (MESH:D009041,Disease) :: ['motion sickness']


abstract: @entity1 granulocytes contain several cationic proteins with a molecular weight of approximately 25,000, almost identical @entity535 composition, and complete immunologic identity. These proteins possess a chymotrypsin-like protease activity at a neutral pH. The antibacterial activity of the cationic proteins has been studied. Bactericidal activities are found against both Gram-positive ( @entity797 and @entity794 ) and Gram-negative ( @entity526 and @entity796 ) organisms. Gram-positive bacteria are, however, the most sensitive. The pH-optimum is near neutrality, and the microbicidal activity shows an inverse relationship to the ionic strength, indicating an ionic interaction between the cationic proteins and the bacterial surface. The microbicidal effect of the cationic proteins is generally independent of the chymotrypsin-like activity of the same proteins since the activity against several bacterial species is heat stable while the chymotrypsin-like activity is heat labile. The surface properties of @entity794 that are determined by protein A do not seem to influence the susceptibility to cationic proteins. The properties of the Gram-negative envelope of @entity526 that determine the susceptibility to the lytic action of serum do not influence the sensitivity to the action of cationic proteins. The present study shows that cationic proteins of @entity1 granulocytes represent one potential microbicidal mechanism that is independent of @entity273 and @entity3335 .

title: Antibacterial activity of cationic proteins from XXXX granulocytes.

entities_list: @entity796 :: ('287', 'Species') :: ['Pseudomonas aeruginosa']

entities_list: @entity3335 :: ('4353', 'Gene') :: ['myeloperoxidase']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus', 'S. aureus']

entities_list: @entity797 :: ('1351', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus faecalis']

entities_list: @entity273 :: ('MESH:D006861', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrogen peroxide']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli', 'E. coli']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Surgical @entity572 with trochanteric osteotomy was introduced for the treatment of @entity1743 and other intra-articular pathologies of the hip. We expanded the indications to include removal of retained bullets in the hip joint as an alternative to hip arthroscopy. @entity1 AND METHODS: We present a prospective case series of ten @entity1 that were treated with a surgical @entity572 for removal of retained bullets in the hip joint between January 2014 and October 2015 in a Level 1 @entity130 centre. The main outcome measurements were successful bullet removal, @entity190 , surgical time and intraoperative complications. RESULTS: There were 8 males and 2 females with a mean age of mean age 27.3 years (range 20-32). All @entity1 had one whole retained bullet for removal (right side: 8; left side: 2). In all cases the bullet could be removed in its entirety. The average surgical time was 73min (range 55-125) and the average @entity190 255ml (range 200-420). CONCLUSIONS: Surgical @entity572 provides an unlimited view of the acetabulum and femoral head and neck and it therefore allows for easy removal of retained bullets. @entity75 and concomitant fractures of the femoral head can be simultaneously evaluated and treated.

title: Surgical XXXX for removal of retained intra-articular bullets.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['Osteocartilaginous lesions']

entities_list: @entity1743 :: ('MESH:D057925', 'Disease') :: ['femoroacetabular impingement']

entities_list: @entity572 :: ('MESH:D006617', 'Disease') :: ['hip dislocation']

answer: @entity572 :: (MESH:D006617,Disease) :: ['hip dislocation']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The prevalence of @entity16 , a common complication of @entity6 , was determined in @entity6 @entity1 recruited from 109 outpatient @entity6 clinics in Italy. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: @entity16 was diagnosed using the @entity3949 Index (DNI), a standardized examination developed for use in the outpatient setting. A total of 8,757 @entity6 @entity1 were studied, 51.2% @entity1 and 48.8% @entity1 , with average and median ages of 56 and 58 years, respectively. RESULTS: Of the 8,757 @entity1 , 32.3% had @entity16 , defined as a positive score of > 2 points on the DNI. A total of 2,033 (49.6% @entity1 and 50.4% @entity1 ) were administered the @entity3949 Score (DNS), the second component of the screening program, by a neurologist. This component consists of a quantitative neurological examination and nerve conduction studies that together provide a summated score. A total of 335 @entity1 (16.5%) were not neuropathic, and 395 (19.4%) had borderline, 453 (22.3%) mild, 592 (29.1%) moderate, and 258 (12.7%) severe @entity16 . The concordance between a positive score on the DNI and a DNS indicating @entity16 was 83.5%. The severity of @entity16 increased with both age and disease duration. Of @entity1 with @entity16 , 64.1% had an average age between 58 and 59 years with a disease duration between 12.4 +/- 8.4 years (mild @entity16 ) and 15.6 +/- 9.7 years (severe @entity16 ). CONCLUSIONS: @entity16 is a common complication of @entity6 and, in this study, was present in 32.3% of all @entity1 . An increased awareness of the high prevalence of @entity16 can lead to early therapeutic intervention and possible prevention of later neuropathic complications, such as @entity1411 .

title: A multicenter study on the prevalence of @entity3949 in Italy. Italian XXXX Committee.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['Neuropathy', 'neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity3949 :: ('MESH:D003929', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetic Neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity1411 :: ('MESH:D016523', 'Disease') :: ['infection and foot ulcers']

answer: @entity3949 :: (MESH:D003929,Disease) :: ['Diabetic Neuropathy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Impairment of pulmonary function is common after upper abdominal operations. The purpose of this study was to compare postoperative pulmonary function and analgesic requirements in @entity1 undergoing either laparoscopic or open Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (GBP). STUDY DESIGN: Seventy @entity1 with a body mass index of 40 to 60 kg/m2 were randomly assigned to undergo laparoscopic (n = 36) or open (n = 34) GBP. The two groups were similar in age, gender, body mass index, pulmonary history, and baseline pulmonary function. Pulmonary function studies were performed preoperatively and on postoperative days 1, 2, 3, and 7. @entity26 saturation and chest radiographs were performed on both groups preoperatively and on postoperative day 1. @entity282 was evaluated using a visual analog scale and the amount of narcotic consumed was recorded. Data are presented as mean +/- standard deviation. RESULTS: Laparoscopic GBP @entity1 had significantly less @entity73 @entity1 on the first three postoperative days (p < 0.05). By the 7th postoperative day, all pulmonary function parameters in the @entity356 group had returned to within preoperative levels, but only one parameter (peak expiratory flow) had returned to preoperative levels in the open GBP group. On the first postoperative day, @entity356 @entity1 used less @entity1286 than open GBP @entity1 (46 +/- 31 mg versus 76 +/- 39 mg, respectively, p < 0.001), and visual analog scale @entity158 scores at rest and during mobilization were lower after @entity356 than after open GBP (p < 0.05). Fewer @entity1 after @entity356 than after open GBP developed @entity519 (31% versus 76%, p < 0.001) and segmental @entity891 (6% versus 55%, p = 0.003). CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic gastric bypass resulted in less postoperative suppression of pulmonary function, @entity158 , improved oxygenation, and less @entity891 than open gastric bypass.

title: XXXX after laparoscopic versus open gastric bypass: a randomized trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['impairment of pulmonary function than open GBP']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['Oxygen']

entities_list: @entity891 :: ('MESH:D001261', 'Disease') :: ['atelectasis']

entities_list: @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxemia']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'decreased pain']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative pain']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['laparoscopic GBP']

answer: @entity282 :: (MESH:D010149,Disease) :: ['Comparison of pulmonary function and postoperative pain']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity16 are heterogeneous clinical conditions with variable course and outcome. SUMMARY: The basic aspects of the commonest @entity16 are addressed along with the proposed structure of randomized clinical trials (RCTs). @entity74 , including @entity195 ( @entity195 ), are clinical conditions in which altered cognitive functions are associated with behavioral and personality changes. @entity191 ( @entity191 ) is a @entity66 characterized by @entity66 associated with @entity8053 , @entity25 , cognitive changes, and @entity308 . @entity746 ( @entity746 ) is an invariably fatal clinical condition involving motor neurons. The available treatments are purely symptomatic for @entity191 but virtually ineffective for @entity195 and @entity746 . @entity2794 , @entity15 , and @entity302 , three diseases characterized by recurrent symptoms and chronic or episodic course, can be fairly easily controlled by current treatments, but cannot be prevented nor cured. The objectives of treatments of @entity179 include primary prevention, slowing or arrest of disease progression, and control of symptoms. @entity64 is an acute clinical condition causing frequent disability and @entity204 , with only one approved treatment. There are many challenges to acute @entity64 clinical trials; among them, the very short therapeutic window and the issue of @entity64 heterogeneity. In this chapter, only the core elements of the study designs are outlined. KEY MESSAGES: The design of an RCT must be adapted to the basic characteristics of each clinical condition.

title: Peculiarities of XXXX and Study Designs.

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['Stroke', 'stroke']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['multisystem disorder', 'motor dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological disorders', 'Neurological disorders']

entities_list: @entity746 :: ('MESH:D000690', 'Disease') :: ['ALS', 'Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease", 'PD']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['neurodegenerative disorders']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['Dementing disorders']

entities_list: @entity2794 :: ('MESH:D020773', 'Disease') :: ['Headache disorders']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['AD', "Alzheimer's disease"]

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity8053 :: ('MESH:D054969', 'Disease') :: ['dysautonomia']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['multiple sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['sleep and olfactory disturbances']

answer: @entity16 :: (MESH:D009422,Disease) :: ['Neurological Disorders']


abstract: Coronary angioplasty is gaining increased importance as a primary treatment of @entity583 , but the complication rate of the procedure is higher than in stable @entity453 . In a consecutive series of 110 coronary angioplasties in @entity1 with @entity583 , the cause of initially failed procedures was studied by intravascular ultrasound. The balloon angioplasty was immediately successful in 66%. In those cases with crossing of the lesion but a dissatisfying dilatation result (persistent @entity432 , reocclusion, or dissection) an intravascular ultrasound probe could be advanced to 32 of 34 lesions. The information provided by ultrasound guided the subsequent bailout therapy. Persistent occlusions were caused by extensive @entity715 in 4.5% of all cases, subsequently treated by local thrombolysis for 12 to 16 hours, and in 1.8% by a @entity397 , which was treated by stenting. In cases with Thrombolysis in @entity583 (TIMI) flow II, angiography suggested a @entity715 in 9.1%, but intravascular ultrasound could detect dissections instead of a @entity715 in half the cases. In cases of dissection, stenting was performed. Dissections were observed by angiography in 15.5%, and all cases were confirmed by ultrasound. In vessels >2.5 mm the dissection was treated by stenting. Overall, in 20 of 21 lesions stents were successfully implanted. No stent @entity715 was observed. With the assistance of intravascular ultrasound during bailout therapy, the success of coronary angioplasty to achieve TIMI flow III without residual stenosis in an unselected consecutive @entity1 cohort with @entity583 was 96%. In direct angioplasty for @entity583 the procedure is frequently complicated by events such as @entity397 and extensive vascular @entity715 , which are uncommon in coronary angioplasty for @entity5749 . Intravascular ultrasound provided insight into the underlying morphologic characteristics of failed angioplasty that enhanced the information provided by coronary angiography and assisted in the selection of the bailout therapy.

title: Causes of failed angioplasty for XXXX assessed by intravascular ultrasound.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5749 :: ('MESH:D060050', 'Disease') :: ['stable angina']

entities_list: @entity397 :: ('MESH:D012421', 'Disease') :: ['ruptured plaque', 'plaque rupture']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['occlusion']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['Myocardial Infarction', 'acute myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombus', 'thrombosis']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['acute myocardial infarction']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Red blood cell distribution width (RDW), a marker of variation in the size of the circulating red blood cells, was evaluated in @entity1 with @entity583 ( @entity583 ) and unstable @entity951 (UAP). BACKGROUND: Higher RDW is associated with mortality in the general population, particularly in those with symptomatic @entity65 , and @entity712 . We hypothesized that admission RDW might be predictive of adverse clinical outcomes for @entity1 with @entity583 and UAP. METHODS: We prospectively enrolled 310 @entity1 with @entity583 and UAP (mean age 59.3  11.9 years; 236 @entity1 , 74 @entity1 ) in this study. Admission RDW was measured and the study population was classified on the basis of RDW tertiles. A high RDW (n=95) was defined as a value in the upper third tertile (>14%) and a low RDW (n=215) was defined as any value in the lower two tertiles ( <=14%). The @entity1 were followed up for clinical outcomes for up to 3 years after discharge. RESULTS: In the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, the 3-year mortality rate was 19% in the high RDW group versus 5.6% in the low RDW group (P<0.001). In the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, an RDW value of more than 14% yielded a sensitivity of 60% and a specificity of 72.5%. A significant association was found between a high admission RDW level and the adjusted risk of @entity65 (hazard ratio: 3.2, 95% confidence interval: 1.3-7.78, P=0.01). CONCLUSION: RDW is a readily available clinical laboratory value associated with long-term @entity65 in @entity583 and UAP.

title: The relationship between red blood cell distribution width and the clinical outcomes in XXXX and unstable @entity951 : a 3-year follow-up.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity951 :: ('MESH:D000787', 'Disease') :: ['angina pectoris']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['NSTEMI', 'non-ST elevation myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular mortality', 'cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['non-ST elevation myocardial infarction']


abstract: PURPOSE: Our purpose was to determine the visual prognosis of @entity8721 ( @entity8038 ). METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of 35 @entity1 with @entity8038 seen at the Hospital for Sick @entity1 , Toronto, Canada between 1987 and 1996. Ten @entity1 were excluded because of incomplete records. Treatment modalities consisted of no treatment, cryotherapy with and without 532 nm laser through the indirect ophthalmoscope, and enucleation. Visual outcome was determined where possible. RESULTS: Median follow-up was 4.5 years. @entity227 was associated with the presence of greater than 5 clock hours of involved @entity1713 at diagnosis. Final visual acuity did not correlate with age of onset of disease. No eye treated with cryotherapy progressed to @entity1713 . CONCLUSIONS: Aggressive treatment of @entity8038 with cryotherapy with or without 532 nm laser, before @entity1713 , is likely to stabilize vision and decrease the risk of @entity1713 .

title: Visual prognosis of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['Deterioration in visual acuity']

entities_list: @entity8721 :: ('MESH:D013684', 'Disease') :: ['retinal telangiectasia']

entities_list: @entity1713 :: ('MESH:D012163', 'Disease') :: ['future total retinal detachment', 'retinal detachment', 'retina and retinal detachment']

entities_list: @entity8038 :: ('MESH:D058456', 'Disease') :: ["Coats' disease"]

answer: @entity8038 :: (MESH:D058456,Disease) :: ['Coats' disease']


abstract: PURPOSE: Typically in Korea, for a standard dose (0.4 mg) of @entity9940 , two low doses (0.2 mg) are administered. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the efficacy of @entity9940 (0.2 mg and 0.4 mg) and @entity31503 (10 mg) in the treatment of lower ureteral stones. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 141 @entity1 presenting with a single 4- to 10-mm sized lower @entity1901 were randomly assigned to 4 groups. @entity1 in group 1 (n=41) and group 2 (n=30) received an oral dose of 0.2 mg @entity9940 once and twice daily, respectively, and @entity1 in group 3 (n=36) received a daily oral dose of 10 mg @entity31503 . @entity1 in group 4 (n=34) received @entity23455 only. The spontaneous passage of stones, the stone expulsion time, and adverse effects were evaluated. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in @entity1 background, including age, sex, BMI, stone size, stone side, and symptom duration. The spontaneous stone passage rate through the ureter was higher and the stone expulsion time was faster in groups 1, 2, and 3 than in group 4. There were no statistically different changes in groups 1, 2, and 3. The adverse effects observed in all groups were comparable and were mild. CONCLUSIONS: @entity9940 at 0.2 mg and 0.4 mg and @entity31503 (10 mg) proved to be safe and effective. A first cycle of medical expulsive therapy with @entity9940 0.2 mg could be considered as an option in the management of single lower @entity1901 .

title: Comparison and efficacy of low-dose and standard-dose @entity9940 and XXXX in medical expulsive therapy for lower ureteral calculi: prospective, randomized, comparative study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1901 :: ('MESH:D014515', 'Disease') :: ['ureteral stone']

entities_list: @entity31503 :: ('MESH:C047638', 'Chemical') :: ['alfuzosin']

entities_list: @entity23455 :: ('MESH:C003330', 'Chemical') :: ['trospium chloride']

entities_list: @entity9940 :: ('MESH:C088482', 'Chemical') :: ['Tamsulosin', 'tamsulosin']

answer: @entity31503 :: (MESH:C047638,Chemical) :: ['alfuzosin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Data suggest @entity2407 shares risk factors with @entity65 . Studies of smoking, @entity167 consumption, and Raynaud's have produced conflicting results and were limited by small sample size and failure to adjust for confounders. Our objective was to determine whether smoking and @entity167 are independently associated with Raynaud's in a large, community-based cohort. METHODS: By using a validated survey to classify Raynaud's in the Framingham Heart Study Offspring Cohort, we performed sex-specific analyses of Raynaud's status by smoking and @entity167 consumption in 1840 @entity1 and 1602 @entity1 . Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to examine the relationship of Raynaud's to smoking and @entity167 consumption. RESULTS: Current smoking was not associated with Raynaud's in @entity1 but was associated with increased risk in @entity1 (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 2.59, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.11-6.04). Heavy @entity167 consumption in @entity1 was associated with increased risk of Raynaud's (adjusted OR 1.69, 95% CI, 1.02-2.82), whereas moderate @entity167 consumption in @entity1 was associated with reduced risk (adjusted OR 0.51, 95% CI, 0.29-0.89). In both genders, red wine consumption was associated with a reduced risk of Raynaud's (adjusted OR 0.59, 95% CI, 0.36-0.96 in @entity1 and adjusted OR 0.30, 95% CI, 0.15-0.62 in @entity1 ). CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that middle-aged @entity1 and @entity1 may have distinct physiologic mechanisms underlying their Raynaud's, and thus sex-specific therapeutic approaches may be appropriate. Our data also support the possibility that moderate red wine consumption may protect against Raynaud's.

title: Smoking, @entity167 consumption, and XXXX in middle age.

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity2407 :: ('MESH:D011928', 'Disease') :: ["Raynaud's phenomenon"]

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity2407 :: (MESH:D011928,Disease) :: ['Raynaud's phenomenon']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Botulinum toxin injections and suction-curettage have been separately shown to be effective in treating axillary @entity1119 but have not been compared in the same @entity1 . OBJECTIVE: We sought to compare effectiveness of suction-curettage versus neurotoxin for the treatment of axillary @entity1119 . METHODS: Each of 20 @entity1 was randomized to receive toxin injections to one axilla and suction-curettage to the @entity717 . The primary outcome measure was reduction of sweat rate measured by gravimetry, and the secondary measure was quality of life as measured by a @entity1 -directed questionnaire. RESULTS: At 3 months posttreatment, toxin injections decreased baseline resting sweat production by 72.1% versus 60.4% (P = .29) for suction-curettage, and baseline exercise-induced sweat production by 73.8% versus 58.8% (P = .10). When @entity1 were stratified into the categories of light and heavy sweaters, there was a difference among heavy sweaters, with exercise-induced sweat production lower by 10.48 mg/min or 34.3% (P = .0025) at toxin-treated sites. Compared with suction-curettage, toxin also resulted in greater improvements in quality of life by 0.80 points (P = .0002) and 0.90 points (P = .0017) at 3 and 6 months posttreatment, respectively, as measured by the @entity1 questionnaire. LIMITATIONS: The follow-up period was limited to 6 months. CONCLUSIONS: By objective measures 3 months after treatment, neurotoxin injections are nominally more effective than suction-curettage in all cases, and markedly more effective in heavy sweaters. @entity1 have a very significant preference for neurotoxin injections at 3 months, and this is maintained at 6 months.

title: The comparative effectiveness of suction-curettage and onabotulinumtoxin-A injections for the treatment of primary focal axillary XXXX : a randomized control trial.

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['contralateral axilla']

entities_list: @entity1119 :: ('MESH:D006945', 'Disease') :: ['hyperhidrosis']

answer: @entity1119 :: (MESH:D006945,Disease) :: ['hyperhidrosis']


abstract: The ability of the somatosensory system to detect noxious and potentially tissue-damaging stimuli is an important protective mechanism, that involves multiple interacting peripheral and central mechanisms. The @entity282 is related with surgical procedure irrevocable. The effective relief of @entity158 is of paramount importance to anyone treating @entity1 undergoing surgery. This should be achieved for humanitarian reasons, but there is now evidence that @entity158 relief has significant physiological benefit. Not only does effective @entity158 relief mean a smoother postoperative course with earlier discharge from hospital, but it may also reduce the onset of @entity1118 . @entity158 causes an increase in the sympathetic response of the body with subsequent rises in heart rate, cardiac work and @entity26 consumption. @entity158 can reduce physical activity and lead to @entity2979 and an increased risk of @entity1150 and consequent @entity1151 . In addition, there can be widespread effects on gut and urinary tract motility which may lead, in turn, to @entity86 , @entity390 , @entity391 and urinary retention. These problems are unpleasant for the @entity1 and may prolong hospital stay. Choice of technique will also be influenced by the degree of training and expertise of the staff. The choice of @entity158 -relieving techniques may be influenced by the site of surgery.

title: [ XXXX therapy in otolaryngological department].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary embolism']

entities_list: @entity1150 :: ('MESH:D020246', 'Disease') :: ['deep vein thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative ileus']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['Pain', 'pain', 'Prolonged pain']

entities_list: @entity2979 :: ('MESH:D054070', 'Disease') :: ['venous stasis']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative pain']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain syndromes']

answer: @entity282 :: (MESH:D010149,Disease) :: ['Postoperative pain']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Glioma stem cells (GSCs) are regarded as the root of @entity11 growth and recurrence. Chemoresistance is one of the characteristics of GSCs that increases the difficulties in eradicating the cells by anticancer drugs. PURPOSE: The objective of this study is to investigate the correlation between expression of the @entity5 suppressor gene TAp73 and the chemoresistance of @entity1 GSCs. METHODS: @entity98 and @entity5 sphere formation assays were used to analyze the chemoresistance phenotype of GSCs derived from primary @entity1 @entity11 specimens under @entity900 exposure. Reverse transcription real-time PCR was applied for assaying mRNA levels of TAp73. Protein levels of TAp73, @entity3544 , @entity589 , and cleared @entity522 were assayed by western blot. Cell apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry after the annexin V fluorescence staining. RESULTS: GSCs exhibited increased chemoresistance compared to differentiated @entity11 cells (DGCs) derived from the same @entity5 specimen. The expression of TAp73 was lower in GSCs and was not sensitive to @entity900 treatment as compared to DGCs. Overexpression of TAp73 by transfection increased the apoptosis of GSCs in the presence of @entity900 and reduced the chemoresistance of GSC. TAp73 knockdown by siRNA in DGCs reduced @entity900 -induced apoptosis and increased the resistance to @entity900 . CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that TAp73 silencing is hallmark of GSC to maintain their chemoresistance phenotype. Thus, targeting TAp73 may provide a novel strategy to eradicating GSCs.

title: Correlation between low-level expression of the @entity5 suppressor gene TAp73 and the chemoresistance of XXXX @entity11 stem cells.

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: @entity1643 is a common @entity1 ailment. It is estimated that over 70% of the population will experience @entity1643 that will require medication and/or medical attention. There are many causes for @entity1643 , one being herniation of the discs of the lumbar spine. Treatment options are very limited. Why @entity1 develop @entity1118 especially when there is no known organic cause or when the offending painful stimulus has been removed remains poorly understood. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a technique that allows researchers to image which regions of the brain that are activated during motor, cognitive, and sensory experiences. Using fMRI to study @entity158 has revealed new information about how the brain responds to painful stimuli and what regions of the brain are activated during @entity158 . However, many of the paradigms used do not replicate the subject's @entity158 or use painful stimuli in volunteers without @entity158 . Also, following @entity1 from their acute phase of @entity158 to the chronic phase with serial fMRI has not been performed. In this study we developed a paradigm that would allow studying @entity1 with @entity1643 and leg @entity158 including @entity614 to better mimic a clinical @entity158 syndrome and to have a method of following @entity1 with this type of @entity158 over time.

title: fMRI in XXXX with lumbar disc disease: a paradigm to study @entity1 over time.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'human']

entities_list: @entity1643 :: ('MESH:D017116', 'Disease') :: ['Low back pain', 'low back pain']

entities_list: @entity614 :: ('MESH:D011843', 'Disease') :: ['lumbar radiculopathy']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: We successfully repaired left ventricular free @entity397 in a 91-year-old @entity1 . She was admitted to our hospital because of consciousness loss. Blood pressure was only 60 mmHg on arrival. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) demonstrated @entity2294 and transmural contrast defect of the left ventricular lateral wall in the delayed phase. Upon surgery there was massive clot around the heart. A localized infracted area on the left ventricular lateral wall was exposed using off-pump coronary artery bypass (OPCAB) technique. There was mild @entity548 only during diastolic phase. Three mattress sutures of 3-0 prolene with Teflon felt strips were placed to control the @entity548 under beating heart. A sheet of collagen and fibrin glue was also applied. Postoperative course was uneventful. This type of left @entity9009 could be less invasively repaired by off-pump technique. As far as we investigated, this is the oldest @entity1 of ventricular free @entity397 successfully repaired.

title: [Left ventricular free XXXX in an elderly @entity1 ; report of a case].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity9009 :: ('MESH:D018658', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular rupture']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity2294 :: ('MESH:D010490', 'Disease') :: ['massive pericardial effusion']

entities_list: @entity397 :: ('MESH:D012421', 'Disease') :: ['wall rupture']

answer: @entity397 :: (MESH:D012421,Disease) :: ['wall rupture']


abstract: BACKGROUND: alpha(v)beta(3)-Integrin receptors are upregulated in @entity731 arteries and play a key role in smooth muscle cell and possibly inflammatory cell migration. We hypothesized that after balloon angioplasty (BA) of @entity731 arteries, selective inhibition of the alpha(v)beta(3)-receptor by @entity24361 , a small-molecule, non-peptide-selective alpha(v)beta(3)-receptor antagonist, would reduce @entity256 . METHODS AND RESULTS: After induction of focal @entity731 , @entity95 underwent femoral BA and received @entity24361 (2.5 mg/kg IV bolus plus 2.5 mg. kg(-1). d(-1) IV; n=19) or vehicle (n=20) for 14 days. At 28 days after BA, the @entity24361 group had a larger lumen (0.75+/-0.26 versus 0.57+/-0.20 mm(2), P=0.03) and a smaller neointimal area (0.49+/-0.18 versus 0.68+/-0.25 mm(2), P=0.01) than the vehicle group. Angiographic analysis confirmed a 30% to 40% reduction in @entity256 . Arteries harvested at 28 days after BA did not show a reduction in intima plus media smooth muscle cell content but did show a 50% reduction in macrophage cell density in the @entity24361 group (716+/-452 versus 1458+/-989 cells/mm(2), P<0.006). Neovessel density at 28 days was also reduced (23+/-42 versus 58+/-46 vessel cross sections/mm(2), P<0.02). Early after BA (ie, 3 to 7 days), there was a decrease in @entity12048 expression, indicative of a reduction in vascular cell activation. CONCLUSIONS: Selective alpha(v)beta(3)-receptor blockade for 14 days after BA in the focally @entity731 @entity95 significantly reduced @entity256 and limited macrophage infiltration and neovascularization in the vessel wall.

title: Selective alpha(v)beta(3)-receptor blockade reduces macrophage infiltration and @entity256 after balloon angioplasty in the XXXX @entity95 .

entities_list: @entity95 :: ('9986', 'Species') :: ['rabbits', 'rabbit']

entities_list: @entity256 :: ('MESH:D023903', 'Disease') :: ['restenosis']

entities_list: @entity12048 :: ('100008901(Tax:9986)', 'Gene') :: ['intracellular adhesion molecule-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis', 'atherosclerotic']

answer: @entity731 :: (MESH:D050197,Disease) :: ['atherosclerotic']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: In overcrowded @entity341 ( @entity341 ) care, short time to start effective antibiotic treatment has been evidenced to improve @entity281 -related clinical outcomes. Our objective was to study factors associated with delays in initial @entity341 care within an international prospective medical @entity341 @entity1 population presenting with @entity697 . METHODS: We report data from an international prospective observational cohort study including @entity1 with a main diagnosis of @entity281 from three tertiary care hospitals in Switzerland, France and the United States (US). We studied predictors for delays in starting antibiotic treatment by using multivariate regression analyses. RESULTS: Overall, 544 medical @entity341 @entity1 with a main diagnosis of @entity697 and antibiotic treatment were included, mainly @entity55 (n = 218; 40.1%), urinary tract (n = 141; 25.9%), and @entity344 (n = 58; 10.7%). The overall median time to start antibiotic therapy was 214 minutes (95% CI: 199, 228), with a median length of @entity341 stay ( @entity341 LOS) of 322 minutes (95% CI: 308, 335). We found large variations of time to start antibiotic treatment depending on hospital centre and type of @entity281 . The diagnosis of a @entity344 was the most significant predictor for delay in antibiotic treatment (+119 minutes compared to @entity1 with @entity55 ; 95% CI: 58, 181; p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: We found high variations in hospital @entity341 performance in regard to start antibiotic treatment. The implementation of measures to reduce treatment times has the potential to improve @entity1 care.

title: Predictors for Delayed Emergency Department Care in Medical XXXX with @entity697 - An International Prospective Observational Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute infections', 'acute infection']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['emergency department', 'ED']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal infections', 'gastrointestinal infection']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: In a search for Alzheimer beta-amyloid peptide precursor ligands, Potempska et al. (Arch. Biochem. Biophys. (1993) 304, 448) found that histones bind with high affinity and specificity to the secreted precursor. Because exogenous histones can be cytotoxic, we compared the effects of histones on the viability of cells which produce little beta-amyloid peptide precursor (U-937) to those on cells that produce twenty times as much precursor (COS-7). Addition of purified histones caused @entity39 of U-937 cells (histone H4, LD50 = 1.5 microM). Extracellular @entity477 precursor in the submicromolar range prevented histone-induced U-937 cell @entity39 . Cell-surface precursor also reduced histone @entity137 : COS-7 cells were less sensitive to the toxic effects of histone H4 (LD50 = 5.4 microM). COS-7 cells in which the expression of an APP mRNA-directed ribozyme reduced the synthesis of the protein by up to 80% were more sensitive to histone H4 (LD50 = 3.2 microM) than cells that expressed the vector alone. Histone H4 binds to cell-associated @entity477 precursor. Cells expressing the @entity477 precursor-directed ribozyme bound less 125I-labeled histone H4 than those expressing the vector alone. In the limited extracellular space of tissues in vivo, both secreted and cell-surface @entity477 precursor protein may play significant roles in trapping chromatin or histones and removing them from the extracellular milieu.

title: Reduction of histone XXXX by the Alzheimer beta-amyloid peptide precursor.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

answer: @entity137 :: (MESH:D064420,Disease) :: ['cytotoxicity']


abstract: PURPOSE: The combination of a @entity902 compound and @entity1311 is a standard treatment for @entity43 . In this cooperative group trial, @entity1311 and @entity3003 were combined in an outpatient schedule to determine the clinical benefit, @entity137 , and effect on quality of life. @entity1 AND METHODS: @entity1 with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage II to @entity43 with @entity66 (> 1 cm) were eligible. @entity1311 , 150 mg/m2, was given over 3 hours, followed by @entity3003 (area under the curve, 5). This was repeated every 4 weeks for six cycles. Quality of life was assessed using the Functional Assessment of @entity5 Therapy-Ovarian @entity5 scale. Fifty-nine @entity1 were enrolled, 38 with measurable disease and 21 with evaluable disease. RESULTS: The response rate (complete response + partial response) was 72%. The progression-free interval for @entity1 with measurable disease was 17.5 months and for @entity1 with evaluable disease was 11.1 months. Median survivals were 30.1 months (measurable) and 25.7 months (evaluable). @entity137 were modest. Quality-of-life scores improved significantly during therapy. DISCUSSION: This regimen is ideal for most @entity1 with advanced @entity43 because it is convenient and well tolerated, with response and survival comparable to those of more aggressive regimens. Overall quality-of-life scores and physical well-being scores improved throughout this outpatient treatment regimen for most @entity1 .

title: Outpatient @entity1311 and @entity3003 chemotherapy for suboptimally debulked XXXX results in improved quality of life: an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Phase II Study (E2E93).

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cancer', 'IV epithelial ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Women', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities', 'Toxicities']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['suboptimal residual disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cancer']

entities_list: @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['carboplatin']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel', 'Paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['platinum']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['epithelial carcinoma of the ovary']


abstract: @entity101 ( @entity101 ) represent globally 10% of @entity1 births and their major complication, @entity1468 , 3 to 5%. The etiology of these @entity101 remains still uncertain, however major advances have been made these last 25 years. The Sixth International Workshop on Reproductive Immunology, Immunological Tolerance and Immunology of Preeclampsia 2008 celebrated its 10th Anniversary in Reunion-island (French overseas Department in the Indian Ocean). Over this decade, these six workshops have contributed extensively to immunological, epidemiological, anthropological and even vascular debates. The defect of @entity3 encountered in @entity1468 , @entity851 and to some extend also @entity3152 has been understood only at the end of the 1970's. On the other hand, clinical and epidemiological findings at the end of the 20th century permitted to apprehend that " @entity66 of primiparae" may in fact well be the disease of first pregnancies at the level of @entity1 couples. Among the important advances, immunology of reproduction is certainly the topic where knowledge has literally exploded in the last decade. This paper relates some major steps in comprehension of this disease and focuses on the interest to follow these immunological works and their new concepts. It seems, at the beginning of the 21st century, that we are possibly closer than ever to understand the etiology of this obstetrical enigma. In this quest, the immunology of reproduction will certainly come out as one of the main players.

title: [Current debates on immunology of XXXX . Report of the sixth international workshop of Reunion Island (Indian Ocean, December 2008)].

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['intra-uterine growth retardation']

entities_list: @entity3152 :: ('MESH:D007752', 'Disease') :: ['preterm labour']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['HDP', 'Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['preeclampsia disease']

entities_list: @entity1468 :: ('MESH:D011225', 'Disease') :: ['preeclampsia']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['trophoblastic invasion']

answer: @entity1468 :: (MESH:D011225,Disease) :: ['preeclampsia']


abstract: Two main types of therapy-related @entity3052 (tAML) and @entity2590 (tMDS) have been described. The first classical type typically occurs late after use of alkylating agents and presents as @entity4289 with -7/ @entity6158 /del5q. The second form occurs early after the use of agents targeted at topoisomerase II, and presents as @entity3052 with 11q23 or other rearrangements of de novo @entity3052 . Recently, we and others reported, in @entity3052 and @entity4289 , a strong correlation between cytogenetic rearrangements leading to 17p deletion, a specific type of dysgranulopoiesis and @entity876 mutation; several of those cases of @entity37306 were therapy-related. Over the last 15 years, we observed 25 cases of tAML and tMDS with 17p deletion, which represented 36% of the @entity3052 and @entity4289 with 17p deletion diagnosed during that period. Median age was 59 years. Twenty-one @entity1 had tMDS and four tAML. Typical dysgranulopoiesis and @entity876 mutation and/or overexpression were seen in 22 of 24 and 16 of 19 evaluable @entity1 , respectively. 17p deletion resulted from unbalanced translocations involving 17p (18 cases), monosomy 17 (five cases), i(17q) (one case) or @entity37307 (one case). Twenty-one @entity1 also had -5/del 5q, and/or -7/ @entity6158 . Median interval from treatment of the first @entity5 of tAML and tMDS was 94 months (range 19-252). Median survival was only 7 months. Based on primary @entity5 and antineoplastic agents used, @entity1 could be relatively well divided into two groups: a first group of 11 cases, occurring mainly after a @entity706 (eight cases) treated by chemotherapy with an alkylating agent (10 cases), and a second group of 14 cases occurring after @entity4407 ( @entity4407 ) or @entity6582 vera (PV) treated mainly by @entity1862 (10 cases), pipobroman (eight cases), 32P (six cases) but rarely by alkylating agents (two cases). -7/ @entity6158 was found in 10 of the 11 @entity1 in the first group, as compared to three of the 14 @entity1 of the second group (P = 0.0001). Therefore, therapy-related cases represent a high proportion of @entity3052 and @entity4289 with the @entity37306 . They have many features in common with classical tMDS and tAML, including long interval from the first @entity5 , a usual preleukemic phase, and frequent occurrence of -5/del 5q. About one half of them, in addition, occur after alkylating agents and generally carry -7/ @entity6158 . The other half, however, occur mainly after @entity4407 or PV treated by @entity1862 or other non-alkylating agents, and usually have no -7/ @entity6158 . These findings bring further support to a possible relationship between prior drugs used and cytogenetic rearrangements in tAML and tMDS.

title: Therapy-related @entity2590 and XXXX with 17p deletion. A report on 25 cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6582 :: ('MESH:D011086', 'Disease') :: ['polycythemia']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoid neoplasm']

entities_list: @entity1862 :: ('MESH:D006918', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxyurea']

entities_list: @entity2590 :: ('MESH:D009190', 'Disease') :: ['myelodysplastic syndromes']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute myeloid leukemias', 'AML']

entities_list: @entity4407 :: ('MESH:D013920', 'Disease') :: ['ET', 'essential thrombocythemia']

answer: @entity3052 :: (MESH:D015470,Disease) :: ['acute myeloid leukemia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Treatment of chronic @entity1244 is complicated due to increase of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The aim of this study was to determine the multidrug resistance (MDR) pattern of the bacteria causing chronic @entity1244 in north of Iran. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was carried out on @entity1 with chronic @entity1244 . Bacterial susceptibility to antimicrobial agents was determined according to the CLSI 2013 standards. Double-disk synergy (DDS) test was performed for the detection of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing bacteria; also @entity3256 -resistant @entity794 ( @entity794 ) strains were identified by @entity794 screen agar. The MDR isolates were defined as resistant to 3 or more antibiotics. Data were analyzed using SPSS 17 software. Descriptive statistics was used to describe the features of the data in this study. RESULTS: The rate of ESBL-producing bacteria was 28.75-37.03% among enterobacteriaceae and the rate of @entity794 was 42.75%-60% among @entity794 strains. The most detectable rate of the MDR bacterial isolates was Gram-negative bacteria 39 (76.47%) and Enterobacter spp. 19(70.37%) was the most multidrug resistant isolate among Gram negative bacteria. Also 36 (73.46%) of the gram positive bacterial isolated were multidrug resistance and @entity794 9(90%) was the most MDR among Gram positive bacteria. CONCLUSION: Antimicrobial resistance is increasing in chronic @entity1244 . The emergence of @entity794 and ESBL bacteria causing chronic @entity1244 is increasing.

title: Multidrug resistance pattern of bacterial agents isolated from @entity1 with chronic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1244 :: ('MESH:D012852', 'Disease') :: ['sinusitis', 'bacterial sinusitis']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus', 'MRSA', 'Staphylococcus']

entities_list: @entity3256 :: ('MESH:D008712', 'Chemical') :: ['methicillin']

answer: @entity1244 :: (MESH:D012852,Disease) :: ['sinusitis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe adherence to a number of quality indicators and clinical outcomes for @entity565 , @entity6 , @entity101 , @entity301 , @entity955 , and @entity66 in the primary care practices of the Practice Partner Research Network (PPRNet). STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional epidemiologic design. @entity1 AND METHODS: PPRNet is a national research network of ambulatory, mostly primary care practices that use the Practice Partner @entity1 Records electronic medical records. Participating practices send anonymous clinical data on @entity1 to the PPRNet data center monthly. Standard database management and statistical software are used to compile practice reports. These reports include measures of adherence to process and outcome measures for @entity102 , the subject of this report. RESULTS: Forty-eight PPRNet practices provided data for the first quarter of 1998. A total of 336,401 @entity1 were active in these practices during this quarter. At least 2000 active @entity1 had each of the conditions studied. Wide variation in guideline adherence among PPRNet practices was present for each of the performance measures. Better performance was present for physical examination measures and laboratory monitoring than for treatment interventions. Overall performance was excellent for blood pressure monitoring, poor for lipid monitoring in @entity1 with CHD, and intermediate for glycosylated hemoglobin monitoring in @entity1 with @entity6 . CONCLUSION: The findings of this study are comparable to others in documenting that most clinical practice guidelines for @entity102 are not followed for a majority of @entity1 and that large majorities do not reach desired clinical outcomes.

title: Quality of care for XXXX in primary care: opportunity for improvement in process and outcome measures.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary heart disease']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['cerebrovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic illnesses', 'chronic illness']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

answer: @entity102 :: (MESH:D002908,Disease) :: ['chronic illness']