abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity4854 is associated with @entity281 and mortality in cardiac surgical @entity1 . There is overriding evidence that glycemic control improves morbidity and mortality. However, the optimal @entity413 range in these @entity1 remains controversial. Intensive @entity413 control can lead to mortality among critically ill adults because of episodic, moderate @entity4053 . Therefore, we examined the effect of different @entity413 target control on the incidence of @entity281 in our prospective cohort of @entity6 and nondiabetic @entity1 undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. METHODS: Data from 1442 @entity1 who underwent elective coronary artery bypass grafting at a tertiary heart center in Singapore from 2009 to 2011 were obtained. The first @entity413 level on arrival in the cardiothoracic intensive care unit was set at 4 to 8 mmol/L in 2009 and 2010 and 4 to 10 mmol/L in 2011. @entity413 control was achieved with intravenous insulin infusion with a strict @entity413 monitoring protocol. Clinical covariates were analyzed, with @entity281 as the primary outcome. RESULTS: The majority of @entity1 presenting for coronary artery bypass grafting were male, Chinese, and @entity6 . @entity6 @entity1 had significantly higher @entity413 levels on arrival in the cardiothoracic intensive care unit. The change in target @entity413 control was independently associated with an @entity281 (odds ratio, 2.280; 95% confidence interval, 1.250-4.162; P  =  .007). Subgroup analysis revealed that unlike in nondiabetic @entity1 , a less stringent target was independently associated with a significant @entity281 incidence from 2.2% to 6.9% for the @entity6 @entity1 (odds ratio, 3.131; 95% confidence interval, 1.431-6.851; P  =  .004). CONCLUSIONS: A target blood @entity413 of less than 8 mmol/L was associated with a lower incidence of @entity281 in @entity6 @entity1 presenting for elective coronary artery bypass grafting in the local Southeast Asian population.

title: Changing @entity413 control target and risk of XXXX in a Southeast Asian population.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetic', 'diabetic']

entities_list: @entity4053 :: ('MESH:D007003', 'Disease') :: ['hypoglycemia']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['surgical site infection', 'increase in surgical site infection']

entities_list: @entity4854 :: ('MESH:D006943', 'Disease') :: ['Hyperglycemia']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose', 'Glucose']

answer: @entity281 :: (MESH:D007239,Disease) :: ['surgical site infection']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Establishing the prevalence of semicircular canal dehiscence in a pediatric population using temporal bone CT imaging. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective analysis of all temporal bone CT scans during a 5-year period (2007-2012). METHODS: CT scan images were reformatted in the plane of the canals and assessed by two independent reviewers with a third to resolve disagreement. Detailed chart review was performed for those found to have dehiscence. Superior and posterior canals were classified as "dehiscent", "possibly dehiscent", "thin" or "normal" for each case. RESULTS: 649 temporal bones were assessed from 334 @entity1 (under 18 years of age). The prevalence rate of @entity6783 ( @entity6783 ) was 1.7% (3.3% of individuals). @entity6783 ( @entity6783 ) was present in 1.2% (2.1% of individuals). There were no cases of bilateral @entity6783 , and one case of bilateral @entity6783 . Age under 3 years was associated with a higher prevalence of thinning but not dehiscence. Congenital @entity389 was not related to a higher probability of dehiscence. The superior petrosal sinus was associated with the @entity6783 in three cases (27.3%). Retrospective chart review highlighted possible vestibular symptoms in 3/11 @entity1 with @entity6783 (27.3%). CONCLUSIONS: This forms the largest pediatric study of canal dehiscence to date. This study's prevalence rate is significantly lower than previous reports. The identified association with overlying venous structures may reflect the etiological process involved. The occurrence in @entity1 supports the hypothesis of a congenital predisposition for development of @entity6783 .

title: Radiological prevalence of superior and posterior semicircular canal dehiscence in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity6783 :: ('MESH:D013529', 'Disease') :: ['PCD', 'Posterior canal dehiscence', 'canal dehiscence syndrome', 'superior canal dehiscence', 'SCD']

entities_list: @entity389 :: ('MESH:D007759', 'Disease') :: ['inner ear malformation']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to assess the predictive value of @entity880 and base deficit in determining outcomes in @entity130 @entity1 who are positive for @entity1068 . METHODS: Retrospective cohort study of @entity1 admitted to a level 1 @entity130 center between 2005 and 2014. Adult @entity1 who had a serum @entity1068 , @entity880 , base deficit, and negative urine drug screen obtained upon presentation were included. RESULTS: Data for 2482 @entity1 were analyzed with 1127 having an elevated @entity880 and 1092 an elevated base deficit. In these subgroups, @entity1 with a positive serum @entity1068 had significantly lower 72-hour mortality, overall mortality, and hospital length of stay compared with the negative @entity1068 group. Abnormal @entity880 (odds ratio [OR], 2.607; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.629-4.173; P = .000) and base deficit (OR, 1.917; 95% CI, 1.183-3.105; P = .008) were determined to be the strongest predictors of mortality in the @entity1068 -negative @entity1 . Injury Severity Score was found to be the lone predictor of mortality in @entity1 positive for @entity1068 (OR, 1.104; 95% CI, 1.070-1.138; P = .000). Area under the curve and Youden index analyses supported a relationship between abnormal @entity880 , base deficit, and mortality in @entity1068 -positive @entity1 when the serum @entity880 was greater than 4.45 mmol/L and base deficit was greater than -6.95 mmol/L. CONCLUSIONS: Previously established relationships between elevated @entity880 , base deficit, and outcome do not remain consistent in @entity1 presenting with positive serum @entity1068 concentrations. @entity1068 skews the relationship between @entity880 , base deficit, and mortality thus resetting the threshold in which @entity880 and base deficit are associated with increased mortality.

title: The effect of XXXX on @entity880 and base deficit as predictors of morbidity and mortality in @entity130 .

entities_list: @entity1068 :: ('MESH:D000431', 'Chemical') :: ['Ethanol', 'ethanol']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

answer: @entity1068 :: (MESH:D000431,Chemical) :: ['ethanol']


abstract: Postural control relies to @entity227 (afferent or efferent) and this is thought to be @entity942 . There is a controversy between clinic and fundamental studies as to the presence of @entity854 in dyslexics. To explore further this issue, this study examines posture stability in quite stance in 13 dyslexics (mean age: 13.5 years) and in 13 @entity3257 (mean age: 13 years). Experiment 1 shows that, similarly to adults and elderly, all @entity1 (dyslexics and @entity3257 ), present better stability at near distance (i.e. smaller surface area of the @entity9107 , smaller @entity37449 ). This could be due to reduced angular size of retinal motion signals at far, but also to convergence relaxation. Importantly, the surface area of the @entity9107 , @entity37449 are significantly higher in dyslexics. Experiment 2 examines posture stability while subjects make active vergence movements between a far and a near target. For many dyslexics, moving the eyes back and forth in depth rather improved postural stability. The only significant difference was that the @entity5251 were still higher in dyslexics. Experiment 3 uses eye movement recordings (video-oculography) and demonstrates that dyslexics have problems with maintaining stable the angle of vergence for a prolonged period. We conclude that mild postural instability may exist in dyslexics but it could be improved by oculomotor and attention processes.

title: Postural control in @entity3257 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual-motion processing']

entities_list: @entity37449 :: ('MESH:C538679', 'Disease') :: ['lateral and antero-posterior oscillations']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['posture abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity5251 :: ('MESH:D010509', 'Disease') :: ['lateral oscillations']

entities_list: @entity3257 :: ('MESH:C580335', 'Disease') :: ['non-dyslexics']

entities_list: @entity942 :: ('MESH:D003677', 'Disease') :: ['deficient in dyslexics']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: PURPOSE: This study investigated the effects of processing speed and phonological short-term memory (PSTM) on @entity1 's language performance. METHOD: Forty-eight school-age @entity1 with @entity10870 ( @entity10870 ) and age peers completed auditory detection @entity137 ( @entity137 ) and nonword repetition tasks, the Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals-Revised ( @entity29726 -R; E. Semel, E. Wiig, _ W. Secord, 1987), and a word recognition @entity137 task. Correlation and regression were used to determine unique and shared contributions to variance among measures. RESULTS: @entity1 with @entity10870 were outperformed by age peers on each task. Auditory detection @entity137 was correlated with nonword repetition (NWR) in each group. However, both variables covaried with age, and auditory detection @entity137 did not contribute unique variance to NWR in either group. For the @entity10870 group, NWR predicted unique variance in @entity29726 -R performance (about 15%); auditory detection @entity137 predicted a smaller amount of unique variance in the word recognition @entity137 task (about 9%). CONCLUSION: Processing speed and PSTM measures covaried with chronological age. Processing speed was associated with offline language performance only through association with PSTM. Processing speed contributed to online language performance, suggesting that speed is associated with processing more familiar language material (i.e., lexical content and structure) than less familiar material (e.g., various content on the @entity29726 -R).

title: Examining the language performances of @entity1 with and without XXXX : contributions of phonological short-term memory and speed of processing.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['reaction time', 'RT']

entities_list: @entity10870 :: ('OMIM:606712', 'Disease') :: ['specific language impairment', 'SLI']

answer: @entity10870 :: (OMIM:606712,Disease) :: ['specific language impairment']


abstract: Serological assays for @entity1 T-cell lymphotropic virus types 1 and 2 ( @entity2662 /2) are widely used in routine screening of blood donors. The aim of this study was to compare the performance of four commercial screening assays for @entity2662 /2 infection frequently used in South America. A total of 142 @entity2662 and @entity4451 seropositive and 336 seronegative samples were analyzed by using four commercial tests (BioKit, Vironostika, Murex and Fujirebio). These tests are commonly used for @entity2662 /2 detection in blood banks in Argentina. A nested-PCR was used as the reference standard. The most sensitive tests for @entity2662 /2 were Fujirebio and Biokit (98.6%) followed by Murex (97.2%) and Vironostika (96.5%). The most specific test was Murex (99.7%), followed by Biokit (97.0%), Fujirebio (95.8%), and Vironostika (92.9%). The kappa index of agreement was higher for Murex (kappa=0.97), followed by BioKit (kappa=0.94), Fujirebio (kappa=0.92), and Vironostika (kappa=0.86). The highest index of agreement was shown by Murex test while Vironostika had the lowest performance. Of the four tests evaluated, only the Vironostika assay is approved by the Food and Drug Administration. These results should be considered for choosing the most accurate serological screening assays in order to obtain an optimal efficiency of the current algorithm for @entity2662 /2 diagnosis.

title: Comparison of four commercial screening assays for the diagnosis of XXXX T-cell lymphotropic virus types 1 and 2.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity4932 ( @entity4932 ) often causes @entity32 of the @entity1348 ( @entity1348 ) and has been treated with both systemic and intra-articular @entity230 , with concerns about effects on growing bones. In this study, we evaluated the impact of a macromolecular prodrug of @entity619 (P-DEX) with @entity32 -targeting potential applied systemically or directly to the @entity1348 . METHODS: Joint @entity32 was initiated by injecting two doses of complete Freund's adjuvant ( @entity3795 ) at 1-month intervals into the right TMJs of 24 growing Sprague-Dawley male @entity35 (controls on left side). Four additional @entity35 were not manipulated. With the second @entity3795 injection, animals received (1) 5  mg of P- @entity9170 intra-articularly (n   =   9), (2) 15  mg of P-DEX into the tail vein (n   =   7), or (3) nothing in addition to @entity3795 (n   =   8). The @entity35 were killed 28  days later and measured by radiography for ramus height (condylar superior to gonion inferior [CsGoInf]), by micro-computed tomography for condylar width (CW) and bone volume/standardized condylar volume (BV/CV), and by histology for retrodiscal inflammatory cells. @entity32 targeting of systemic P- @entity9170 was confirmed by IVIS infrared dye imaging. @entity32 and bone growth were compared between groups using analysis of variance and Pearson's correlations. RESULTS: @entity3795 caused a significant reduction in CsGoInf (p   <   0.05), but neither route of P- @entity9170 administration had an effect on CsGoInf or CW at @entity3795 injection sites. BV/CV was significantly reduced in both inflamed and control condyles as a result of either @entity479 application (p   <   0.05). The inflammatory infiltrate was overwhelmingly lymphocytic, comprising 16.4        1.3  % of the field in @entity3795 alone vs. <0.01  % lymphocytes in contralateral controls (p   <   0.0001). Both P- @entity9170 @entity1348 (10.1        1.2  %) and systemic P- @entity9170 (8.9        1.7  %) reduced lymphocytes (p   <   0.002). The total area of inflammatory infiltrate was significantly less in the systemic injection group than in the group that received @entity3795 injections alone (2.6        1.5  mm(2) vs. 8.0        1.3  mm(2); p   =   0.009), but not in the group that received intra-articular P- @entity9170 (8.8        1.2  mm(2)). CONCLUSIONS: High-dose systemic administration of @entity32 -targeting P- @entity9170 is more effective than an intra-articular injection in reducing @entity32 , but both routes may affect @entity1348 bone density.

title: Effect of @entity619 prodrug on inflamed temporomandibular joints in juvenile XXXX .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['Inflammation', 'inflammation', 'TMJ inflammation']

entities_list: @entity4932 :: ('MESH:D001171', 'Disease') :: ['JIA', 'Juvenile idiopathic arthritis']

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['dexamethasone']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity1348 :: ('MESH:D013706', 'Disease') :: ['TMJ', 'temporomandibular joint']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We reviewed our experience with the single-patch, 2-patch, and caval division techniques for repair of a partial @entity358 . METHODS: From 1990 to 2009, 124 @entity1 (65 male @entity1 ; 52%) were identified. The single-patch, two-patch, and caval division technique was used in 60 (49%), 24 (19%), and 40 (32%) @entity1 , respectively. The median age was 34.5 years (range, 1-76). Of the 124 @entity1 , 99 (80%) had an @entity118 . RESULTS: There was no early mortality. Survival at 5, 10, and 15 years was 99%, 95%, and 82%, respectively. One @entity1 (3%) in the caval division group required early reoperation for @entity4264 . All @entity1 , exept for 3, had regained sinus rhythm at discharge. Late @entity4264 developed in 3 @entity1 (7.5%) in the caval division group, 3 (5%) in the single-patch group, and 1 (4%) in the 2-patch group (   = .5). Two @entity1 underwent reoperation for late @entity3885 : 1 (2%) in the single-patch group and 1 (4%) in the 2-patch group (P = .08). A permanent pacemaker was required in 3 @entity1 (3%). CONCLUSIONS: Surgical treatment of partial @entity358 is associated with excellent outcomes. The overall incidence of late superior vena caval or @entity849 is low. Although not significant, the 2-patch technique might be associated with a greater incidence of @entity1817 and late @entity849 . The late development of @entity4264 is a concern with all techniques, necessitating close follow-up.

title: Single-patch, 2-patch, and caval division techniques for repair of partial XXXX : does it matter?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4264 :: ('MESH:D013479', 'Disease') :: ['superior vena caval obstruction']

entities_list: @entity3885 :: ('MESH:D008173', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary vein obstruction']

entities_list: @entity1817 :: ('MESH:D012804', 'Disease') :: ['sinus node dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity849 :: ('MESH:D011666', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary vein stenosis', 'pulmonary venous stenosis']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['anomalous pulmonary venous connections', 'anomalous pulmonary venous connection']

entities_list: @entity118 :: ('MESH:D006344', 'Disease') :: ['atrial septal defect']

answer: @entity358 :: (MESH:D008171,Disease) :: ['anomalous pulmonary venous connections']


abstract: The present studies were conducted to test the hypothesis that systemically inactive doses of cannabinoids suppress @entity32 -evoked neuronal activity in vivo via a peripheral mechanism. We examined peripheral cannabinoid modulation of spinal @entity5019 protein expression, a marker of neuronal activity, in a @entity35 model of @entity32 . @entity35 received unilateral intraplantar injections of carrageenan (3%). In behavioral studies, carrageenan induced @entity1931 and mechanical @entity1931 in response to stimulation with von Frey monofilaments. The cannabinoid agonist @entity10024 (30 microg intraplantarly), administered concurrently with carrageenan, attenuated carrageenan-evoked @entity1931 and @entity1931 relative to control conditions. In immunocytochemical studies, @entity10024 suppressed the development of carrageenan-evoked @entity5019 protein expression in the lumbar dorsal horn of the spinal cord relative to vehicle treatment. The same dose administered systemically or to the noninflamed contralateral paw failed to alter either carrageenan-evoked @entity1931 and @entity1931 or carrageenan-evoked @entity5019 protein expression, consistent with a peripheral site of action. The suppressive effects of @entity10024 (30 microg intraplantarly) on carrageenan-evoked @entity5019 protein expression and @entity158 behavior were blocked by local administration of either the CB(2) antagonist @entity10029 (30 microg intraplantarly) or the CB(1) antagonist @entity351 (100 microg intraplantarly). @entity10024 , the enantiomer of the active compound, also failed to suppress carrageenan-evoked @entity5019 protein expression. These data provide direct evidence that a peripheral cannabinoid mechanism suppresses the development of @entity32 -evoked neuronal activity at the level of the spinal dorsal horn and implicate a role for CB(2) and CB(1) in peripheral cannabinoid modulation of inflammatory nociception.

title: A peripheral cannabinoid mechanism suppresses spinal XXXX protein expression and @entity158 behavior in a @entity35 model of @entity32 .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1931 :: ('MESH:D006930', 'Disease') :: ['allodynia', 'hyperalgesia']

answer: @entity5019 :: (314322(Tax:10116),Gene) :: ['fos']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We examined whether pulse wave velocity ( @entity122 ), determined by brachial ankle arterial pressure wave measurements, using a newly developed, fully automated device could be a surrogate measure for carotid femoral @entity122 . METHODS _ RESULTS: This device (AT-form @entity122 /ABI, Nippon Colin, Komaki, Japan) can simultaneously monitor bilateral brachial and ankle pressure wave forms using the volume plethysmographic method, with two optional tonometry sensors for carotid and femoral arterial wave measurements. We examined the right brachial-right ankle @entity122 and left carotid-left femoral @entity122 in 89 normotensive and untreated @entity101 @entity1 . The brachial ankle @entity122 correlated well with carotid femoral @entity122 (r = 0.755, P <.00001). The Bland-Altman plots of the two variables, however, showed a significant difference exists between the two techniques over the range of measurement. The within-observer and between-observer coefficients of variation of the brachial ankle @entity122 were 6.5% +/- 4.1% and 3.6% +/- 3.9%, respectively. To determine the factors affecting brachial ankle @entity122 , we studied treated and untreated @entity101 @entity1 with World Health Organization stage I (n = 146), stage II (n = 74), or stage III (n = 54). In multiple regression analysis, age, brachial ankle @entity122 , and the presence of @entity6 were significant predictors of the severity of @entity101 organ damage. Age, systolic blood pressure, and the stage of @entity101 organ damage were major determinants of brachial ankle @entity122 . CONCLUSIONS: Although the brachial ankle @entity122 does not agree with the carotid femoral @entity122 , this parameter may yet become a new, useful measure for arterial stiffness. Further longitudinal studies are necessary to confirm the clinical significance of the brachial ankle @entity122 .

title: Utility of automated brachial ankle pulse wave velocity measurements in XXXX @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertensive']


abstract: @entity2533 ( @entity2533 ) is a multifunctional cytokine that plays a pivotal role in airway remodeling observed in the asthmatic airways. C to T base substitution at -509 promoter position in the @entity2533 gene leads to its increased expression which contributes to airway remodeling in @entity565 . We sought to evaluate the association of @entity2533 @entity12172 promoter variant with clinical @entity565 and varying degrees of disease severity. Three hundred and eighty-two clinically diagnosed @entity565 @entity1 and 410 healthy controls were enrolled for the study. @entity1 were classified into severity classes according to the Global Initiative for @entity565 (GINA) guidelines. @entity2533 @entity12172 genotyping was carried out by amplification refractory mutation system polymerase chain reaction (ARMS-PCR) technique. In the present study, we found significantly higher frequency of TT genotype in @entity565 @entity1 compared to controls (for TT vs. CC, p = 0.020). In addition, a significant difference was observed in the frequency of C and T allele in @entity1 and controls (for T vs. C, p   =   0.029). The heterozygous "CT" genotype was higher in moderate and severe @entity748 compared to mild subset of @entity1 (for mild vs. moderate, p   =   0.037). However, there was no significant distribution and association of variant allele with the severity subsets.

title: Association of @entity2533 Promoter Variant XXXX with @entity565 in South Indian Population.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity748 :: ('MESH:D013224', 'Disease') :: ['asthmatics']

entities_list: @entity565 :: ('MESH:D001249', 'Disease') :: ['asthma', 'Asthma', 'bronchial asthma']

entities_list: @entity2533 :: ('7040', 'Gene') :: ['TGF-b1', 'Transforming growth factor-beta 1']

answer: @entity12172 :: (c|SUB|C|-509|T,DNAMutation) :: ['-509 C/T']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Several therapeutic options are available for the treatment of @entity1694 , but none is uniformly effective. Prostaglandin has been shown to play a role in melanocyte proliferation and melanogenesis. Topical application of @entity1421 ( @entity1421 ) over @entity19 skin has been shown to increase melanocyte density. AIM: To evaluate the role of topical @entity1421 in the treatment of @entity1694 . METHODS: We enrolled 27 @entity1 with limited @entity75 in this study. @entity1 were instructed to apply a translucent gel containing 0.5 mg/3 g (166.6 micro g/g) @entity1421 to depigmented skin. RESULTS: Twenty-four @entity1 were evaluated at the end of 6 months, as three @entity1 withdrew for reasons unrelated to the study. At the end of treatment, 15 @entity1 showed marked to complete repigmentation and three @entity1 showed moderate repigmentation. The remaining six @entity1 showed none to minimal repigmentation. CONCLUSIONS: Marginal repigmentation with hyperpigmented borders was seen in the majority of lesions. Our results are encouraging and offer a new and potentially efficacious treatment for this @entity2118 .

title: Topical prostaglandin analog ( XXXX ) in @entity1694 --a preliminary study.

entities_list: @entity1421 :: ('MESH:D015232', 'Chemical') :: ['PGE2', 'prostaglandin E2']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['vitiligo lesions']

entities_list: @entity2118 :: ('MESH:D010859', 'Disease') :: ['pigmentation disorder']

answer: @entity1421 :: (MESH:D015232,Chemical) :: ['PGE2']


abstract: The effects of 50 microM @entity3740 ( @entity11329 ) on the contractile force, rate and coronary flow of @entity35 hearts perfused with solutions containing 2.5, 5, 7.5 mM @entity460 ( @entity141 ) have been investigated. @entity11329 produced a rapid and marked decrease in contractile force within 1-3 min ("early @entity11329 -effect"). The inhibition of contractility by @entity11329 was reduced progressively when the @entity141 ion concentration in the perfusion fluid was raised from 2.5 to 7.5 mM. However, after 10-80 min of @entity11329 perfusion the contractile force was increased significantly ("late @entity11329 -effect"). Elevation of @entity141 during exposure to @entity11329 increased its effect. During the late @entity11329 -effect, a marked decrease in heart rate and a significant increase in time to reach peak tension, time for half relaxation and twitch duration was observed. High concentrations of perfusate @entity141 decreased the chronotropic response to @entity11329 , in contrast, elevated @entity141 potentiated @entity11329 -induced increase in time to reach peak tension, time for half relaxation and twitch duration. @entity11329 produced a significant decrease in coronary flow. High @entity141 augmented the decrease coronary flow. The findings indicate that @entity11329 may produce marked effects on myocardial function. High extracellular @entity141 reduces the @entity11329 -induced initial decrease in force of contraction, but potentiates the late increase in contractile force by @entity11329 . Elevated external @entity141 also increases the effects of @entity11329 on twitch parameters, heart rate and coronary flow.

title: The effect of XXXX on the mechanical function of the isolated perfused @entity35 heart at different extracellular @entity460 concentrations.

entities_list: @entity3740 :: ('MESH:D007811', 'Chemical') :: ['lanthanum']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

answer: @entity3740 :: (MESH:D007811,Chemical) :: ['lanthanum']


abstract: Because of the peculiar properties of the psittacosis-lymphogranuloma group of viruses, the pattern of multiplication in the allantois of the @entity1573 embryo of one of their number, @entity778 , was studied. This was done by determination of the changes in its infectivity for @entity19 and @entity1573 embryos. Titration of infectivity in embryos proved to be a more sensitive procedure than titration in @entity19 ; the latter procedure however, had the advantage of greater simplicity and gave more clear-cut results. The @entity19 titration method was used in most of the experiments. Following inoculation of virus into the allantois, there was a slow decrease in infectivity in the allantoic fluids followed by an increase due to appearance of new virus between 24 and 48 hours. The slope of declining infectivity in the allantoic fluids in ovo was similar if not identical with the slope of decreasing infectivity in allantoic fluids in vitro caused by thermal degradation of virus. Multiplication of the virus in allantoic membranes was characterized by the following pattern: (a) Increase in infectivity in the first few hours (exact duration of increase depended on concentration of virus in inoculum) due to adsorption of virus. (b) Decrease in infectivity up to about 20 to 24 hours. (c) Increase in infectivity due to appearance of the new generation of virus. The growth curve of meningopneumonitis is analyzed and the pattern of growth is discussed in the light of the present concepts of viral multiplication.

title: Studies on the psittacosis-lymphogranuloma group. 1. The pattern of @entity778 in the allantois of the XXXX embryo.

entities_list: @entity778 :: ('MESH:D015658', 'Disease') :: ['meningopneumonitis virus']

answer: @entity1573 :: (9031,Species) :: ['chick']


abstract: @entity1930 following @entity572 ( @entity572 ) is a relatively rare yet potentially devastating complication. The purpose of this case series was to report the results of @entity1 with a @entity1930 who presented between 2000 and 2010, following primary and revision @entity572 and were treated with neurolysis. A retrospective review was made of 12 @entity1 (eight @entity1 and four @entity1 ), with @entity1930 following @entity572 . The mean age of the @entity1 was 62.7 years (50 to 72; standard deviation 6.9). They underwent interfascicular neurolysis for @entity1930 , after failing a trial of non-operative treatment for a minimum of six months. Following surgery, a statistically and clinically significant improvement in motor function was seen in all @entity1 . The mean peroneal nerve score function improved from 0.42 (0 to 3) to 3 (1 to 5) (p < 0.001). The mean tibial nerve motor function score improved from 1.75 (1 to 4) to 3.92 (3 to 5) (p = 0.02).The mean improvement in sensory function was a clinically negligible 1 out of 5 in all @entity1 . In total, 11 @entity1 reported improvement in their @entity158 following surgery. We conclude that neurolysis of the sciatic nerve has a favourable prognosis in @entity1 with a @entity1930 following @entity572 . Our findings suggest that surgery should not be delayed for > 12 months following injury. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2015;97-B:1345-9.

title: Neurolysis for the treatment of @entity1930 associated with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity572 :: ('MESH:D006617', 'Disease') :: ['THA', 'total hip arthroplasty']

entities_list: @entity1930 :: ('MESH:D020426', 'Disease') :: ['Sciatic nerve palsy', 'sciatic nerve palsy']

answer: @entity572 :: (MESH:D006617,Disease) :: ['total hip arthroplasty']


abstract: AIM: To evaluate the correlation between the central visual field and changes in @entity941 angiography and fundus photography in @entity1 treated with @entity9756 plaque radiotherapy for subfoveal exudative @entity1020 ( @entity1020 ). METHODS: Octopus program 34 automated static perimetry, @entity941 angiography, and colour fundus photography were performed on 19 @entity1 at baseline and at 12 months after @entity9756 -90 plaque therapy. A schematic picture outlining the areas of hyperfluorescent neovascular membranes and subretinal blood was drawn of a projected 30 degrees fundus @entity941 angiogram. This drawing was superimposed on the size adjusted Octopus visual field. The changes in retinal sensitivity were calculated and related to angiographic changes. RESULTS: Three of the 19 @entity1 had a reliability factor (RF) > 15% and were excluded from further analysis. In the remaining 16 @entity1 the @entity154 ( @entity154 ) and loss variance (LV) values remained unchanged in @entity1 showing regression of the @entity1940 ( @entity1940 ) to irradiation at 12 months. @entity154 was 7.7 (SD 1.7) at baseline and 7.6 (1.9) at 12 months (p = 0.86), and LV was 32.6 (13.9) at baseline and 32.4 (15.7) at 12 months (p = 0.94). However, in @entity1 with progression of the @entity1940 at 12 months, both the @entity154 and LV increased significantly during the 12 month follow up ( @entity154 from 7.3 (2.9) to 13.1 (3.6) (p = 0.05) and LV from 31.0 (22.9) to 71.8 (24.1) (p = 0.017)). When comparing the mean retinal sensitivity in the area of the primary @entity1940 (including classic, occult, and @entity548 components), the results were analogous: in @entity1 with a regression of the @entity1940 after irradiation the mean sensitivity remained almost unchanged. It was 10.3 (6.4) dB at baseline and 9.4 (7.3) dB at 12 months (p = 0.58). In five out of 11 @entity1 (45%) with regression of the @entity1940 , the mean retinal sensitivity even improved by 2.0-5.0 dB in the area of the original lesion during follow up. Instead, in @entity1 showing progression of the @entity1940 at 12 months, there was a significant loss in mean retinal sensitivity--from 9.9 (4.6) dB at baseline to 1.0 (1.1) dB at 12 months (p = 0.019). The mean retinal sensitivity in the area of the irradiated but clinically normal retina during follow up was not significantly altered (21.5 dB at baseline, 19.7 dB at 12 months (p = 0.10)). CONCLUSIONS: Regression of subfoveal choroidal membranes in @entity1020 after focal @entity9756 irradiation is connected with stabilisation or even improvement of retinal sensitivity in central visual field measured by automated perimetry. @entity9756 plaque irradiation does not change the sensitivity in clinically normal paramacular retina during a 12 month follow up.

title: Correlation between Octopus perimetry and @entity941 angiography after XXXX -90 plaque brachytherapy for subfoveal exudative @entity1020 .

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['MD', 'mean defect']

entities_list: @entity1940 :: ('MESH:D020256', 'Disease') :: ['choroidal neovascular membrane', 'CNVM']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['haemorrhagic']

entities_list: @entity9756 :: ('MESH:D013324', 'Chemical') :: ['Strontium', 'strontium']

entities_list: @entity941 :: ('MESH:D019793', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorescein']

entities_list: @entity1020 :: ('MESH:D008268', 'Disease') :: ['AMD', 'age related macular degeneration']

answer: @entity9756 :: (MESH:D013324,Chemical) :: ['strontium']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study was aimed to investigate the therapeutic efficacy and safety of @entity1749 in the treatment of @entity706 @entity1 . METHODS: According to treatment methods, the 56 @entity706 @entity1 were divided into 2 groups: @entity3726 group (26 cases) and @entity1749 group (30 cases). The @entity1 in @entity3726 group received the @entity3726 chemotherapy regimens( @entity786 + @entity1259 + @entity1891 + @entity617 ), the @entity1 in @entity1749 group received @entity1749 based on @entity3726 . The clinical curative effect and adverse reaction between the two groups were compared. RESULTS: The short-term efficacy of @entity1749 group showed significantly better than that in @entity3726 group (P < 0.05), the total efficiency in @entity1749 group (80%) was significantly higher than that in @entity3726 group (53.85%) (P < 0.05). The progression free survival of the @entity1 in the @entity1749 group was statistically longer than that in the @entity3726 group (10 months vs 6 months) (P = 0.013). There was no significant differences in the overall survival mediam survival time between these two groups (10 months vs 11 months)(P = 0.107). The occurrence of adverse reactions in the two groups was no significant different (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: @entity1749 combined with @entity3726 chemotherapy can obviously prolong the progression free survival of @entity1 , and improve the total efficiency without increase of adverse reaction. The benefit to overall survival needs to further extend follow-up observation.

title: [Analysis of @entity1749 Treatment Efficacy and Adverse Reactions for @entity1 with XXXX .]

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['follicular lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity1259 :: ('MESH:D015251', 'Chemical') :: ['epirubicin']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity1891 :: ('MESH:D014750', 'Chemical') :: ['vincristine']

entities_list: @entity1749 :: ('MESH:C400082', 'Chemical') :: ['bortezomib', 'Bortezomib']

entities_list: @entity617 :: ('MESH:D011239', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisolone']

answer: @entity706 :: (MESH:D008223,Disease) :: ['Follicular Lymphoma']


abstract: We have undertaken a high-throughput analysis to identify targets of glucocorticoid regulation in P1798 @entity19 @entity784 cells. G1/S-arrested cultures were treated for 8 hours with 0.1 microM @entity619 (dex) in the presence and absence of 1 microg/ml @entity1880 . Untreated cultures and cultures exposed to @entity1880 alone were prepared as controls. RNA was isolated and gene expression analyzed using Affymetrix MG-U74A oligonucleotide arrays (Gene Chips). Three independent experiments were performed. The data were analyzed using a variety of statistical and analytical approaches in order to identify primary transcriptional targets of the glucocorticoid receptor. We identified 44 genes that increase by > 2-fold in both dex-treated and dex + @entity1880 -treated cultures (relative to control and @entity1880 -treated cultures) in three replicate experiments. Statistical analysis of control data indicate that the probability that a given probeset would, as a result of random error, increase > 2-fold both in the presence and absence of @entity1880 in two independent experiments is approximately 7 x 10(-9). We have retrieved from the Celera @entity19 genomic sequence 8 kb of promoter sequence, spanning 4 kb either side of the 5'-end of the cDNA from eight of the induced genes. These sequences were analyzed for potential glucocorticoid receptor binding sites. Five of these genes contain the sequence ACAnnnTGTnCT within 4 kb of the presumptive transcriptional start site. Eight control genes were selected at random and analyzed for the sequence ACAnnnTGTnCT. Two control genes had such sequences within 4 kb of the transcriptional start site.

title: Genomic analysis of glucocorticoid-regulated promoters in @entity19 XXXX cells.

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['dexamethasone']

entities_list: @entity784 :: ('MESH:D016399', 'Disease') :: ['T-lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity1880 :: ('MESH:D003513', 'Chemical') :: ['cycloheximide']

answer: @entity784 :: (MESH:D016399,Disease) :: ['T-lymphoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity751 is a result of chronic stress, characterized by emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and sense of low professional accomplishment. It affects workers under extreme responsibility or those who care for individuals at risk, including anesthesiologists who distanced themselves from the work, @entity1 and colleagues because they feel safer in maintaining indifference. OBJECTIVE: evaluate the prevalence of @entity751 and the intensity of its components and identify the characteristics of those with the syndrome among anesthesiologists in the Federal District. METHOD: cross-sectional study with 241 anesthesiologists enrolled in the Society of Anesthesiology of the Federal District. A self-administered questionnaire was used, which included the Maslach Burnout Inventory, demographic, professional, and leisure data. RESULTS: of the 134 completed questionnaires (55.8%), there was a predominance of male (65.6%), aged 30-50 years (67.9%). Significant lower levels of job satisfaction (47.7%), depersonalization (28.3%), and emotional exhaustion (23.1%) were found. @entity751 showed a prevalence of 10.4%, occurring mainly in @entity1 (64.2%), aged 30-50 years (64.2%), with over ten years of experience (64.2%), working in night shifts (71.4%), sedentary (57.1%), and not taking courses unrelated to medicine (78.5%). Of the @entity1 , 50.7% had at least one of three criteria to develop the syndrome and only 8.2% have a low risk to manifest it. CONCLUSION: the prevalence of burnout is relevant among anesthesiologists in the Federal District. It is advisable to seek strategies for labor restructuring to reduce stress factors and @entity393 .

title: [Prevalence of XXXX among anesthesiologists in the Federal District.]

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['loss of motivation and increase job satisfaction']

entities_list: @entity751 :: ('MESH:D013577', 'Disease') :: ['Burnout syndrome', 'burnout syndrome']

answer: @entity751 :: (MESH:D013577,Disease) :: ['burnout syndrome']


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: @entity355 ( @entity355 ) increases risk for @entity420 ( @entity420 ). Increased risk for @entity355 has been associated with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on chromosome 6p21 (within the HLA region) and on 16q23, where the closest protein-coding gene is @entity33710 . The Barrett's and @entity420 Consortium (BEACON) identified risk loci for @entity355 and @entity420 in @entity7093 and @entity65977 , and within 100 kb @entity12624 . We aimed to identify SNPs that increased risk for @entity355 in a genome-wide association study (GWAS) and to validate previously reported associations. METHODS: We performed a GWAS to identify variants associated with @entity355 and further analyzed promising variants identified by the BEACON. We performed genotype analysis of 10,158 @entity1 with @entity355 and 21,062 controls. RESULTS: We identified 2 SNPs not previously associated with @entity355 : @entity65978 (2p24.1; odds ratio [OR]  = 1.14; 95% CI: 1.09-1.18; P  = 1.8  * 10(-11)) and @entity65979 (12q24.21; OR  = 0.90; 95% CI: 0.86-0.93; P  = 7.5  * 10(-9)). The closest protein-coding genes were @entity46741 ( @entity65978 ), which encodes a ligand in the bone morphogenetic protein pathway, and @entity15775 ( @entity65979 ), which encodes a transcription factor that regulates esophageal and cardiac development. We also identified 3 SNPS already identified by the BEACON ( @entity65980 , @entity65981 , and @entity65982 ). Meta-analysis of all data identified another SNP  associated with @entity355 and @entity420 : @entity65983 , near @entity59758 (OR  = 0.90; 95% CI: 0.87-0.93; P  =  3.72  * 10(-9)). CONCLUSIONS: We identified 2 loci associated with risk for @entity355 and provide data to support a locus previously associated with risk in the BEACON. The genes we found to be associated with risk for @entity355 encode transcription factors involved in thoracic, diaphragmatic, and esophageal development or proteins involved in the inflammatory response.

title: Polymorphisms Near @entity15775 and XXXX Are Associated With Increased Risk for Barrett's Esophagus.

entities_list: @entity355 :: ('MESH:D001471', 'Disease') :: ['BE', "Barrett's esophagus"]

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal adenocarcinoma', 'Esophageal Adenocarcinoma', 'EAC']

answer: @entity46741 :: (151449,Gene) :: ['GDF7']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Despite indications for resection of colorectal liver @entity3 having expanded, debate continues about identifying @entity1 that may benefit from surgery. METHODS: Clinicopathologic data from a total of 700 @entity1 was gathered between January 1993 and January 2006 from a prospectively maintained dataset. Of these, 687 @entity1 underwent resection for colorectal liver @entity3 . RESULTS: The median age of @entity1 was 64 years and 36.8% of @entity1 had @entity66 . The overall 5-year survival was 45%. The presence of an inflammatory response to @entity5 (IRT), defined by an elevated @entity1851 (>10 mg/L) or a neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio of >5:1, was noted in 24.5% of cases. Only the number of @entity3 and the presence or absence of an IRT influenced both overall and disease-free survival on multivariable analysis. A preoperative prognostic score was derived: 0 = less than 8 @entity3 and absence of IRT; 1 = 8 or more @entity3 or IRT, and 2 = 8 or more @entity3 and IRT-from the results of the multivariable analysis. The 5-year survival of those scoring 0 was 49% compared with 34% for those scoring 1. None of the @entity1 that scored 2 were alive at 5 years. CONCLUSION: The preoperative prognostic score is a simple and effective system allowing preoperative stratification.

title: Preoperative prognostic score for predicting survival after hepatic resection for colorectal liver XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['synchronous disease']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['metastases']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We describe herein a surgical technique, whereby we use a liposuction device for the laparoscopic treatment of @entity99 ( @entity99 ). METHODS: Ten @entity1 with 12 @entity99 were treated with this technique. All @entity1 received pre- and postoperative antiscolecidal medications. The laparoscopic technique consisted of partial aspiration of the cyst fluid and replacement of the aspirated fluid with 10% @entity4279 . The @entity4279 solution was left in situ for 10 minutes. Evacuation of the cyst contents was carried out with the liposuction device. The residual cavity was unroofed by partial excision of the ectocyst. A drain was left alongside the cyst. No intra- or @entity260 were encountered. RESULTS: All @entity1 were mobilized freely, were allowed to eat a regular meal 6 hours after recovery from anesthesia, and were discharged on the third postoperative day. All @entity1 resumed their normal household and work activities by the tenth postoperative day. The @entity1 were regularly followed up every 2 months for 2 years. At follow-up in the surgical clinic, no evidence of recurrence was noted either clinically, serologically, or by imaging techniques. CONCLUSION: We conclude that the laparoscopic treatment of @entity99 is feasible and advantageous. We believe that the use of a liposuction device facilitates rapid and efficient evacuation of the viscid organic contents of the cyst and helps in the obliteration of the residual cavity.

title: Laparoscopic treatment of XXXX with a liposuction device.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['HHC', 'hepatic hydatid cysts']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity4279 :: ('MESH:D011206', 'Chemical') :: ['Betadine']

answer: @entity99 :: (MESH:D056486,Disease) :: ['hepatic hydatid cysts']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity295 is a common cause of @entity204 in critically ill @entity1 . An overwhelming inflammatory response and imbalance of @entity1619 (Th) cells and regulatory T (Treg) cells are thought to be involved in the progression of @entity295 .   -3 @entity1474 ( @entity5204 ) were found to have anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. This study investigated the effects of   -3 @entity5204 on the balance of Th subsets, Treg cells, and the inflammatory response in septic @entity19 . METHODS: @entity19 were randomly assigned to @entity1460 oil (SO) and fish oil (FO) groups. The 2 groups received an identical nutrient distribution except for the sources of the fat. The SO group was fed @entity1460 oil, while part of the @entity1460 oil was replaced by fish oil in the FO group. The FO group had an   -6/  -3 @entity5204 ratio of 2:1. After feeding the diets for 3 weeks, @entity295 was induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), and @entity19 were sacrificed on days 0, 1, and 3. RESULTS: Compared with the SO group, the FO group had lower inflammatory mediator levels in the plasma and peritoneal lavage fluid after CLP. Also, the FO group had lower @entity630 , @entity61 , and Th17 percentages and a higher @entity630 / @entity61 ratio in blood. In lung tissues, neutrophil infiltration was reduced, whereas peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor y expression was upregulated. CONCLUSIONS: A fish oil diet with an   -6/  -3 @entity5204 ratio of 2:1 may elicit more balanced Th polarization, alleviate inflammatory responses, and @entity651 in CLP-induced @entity295 .

title: Effects of   -3 @entity1474 on the Homeostasis of CD4+ T Cells and @entity651 in XXXX With Polymicrobial @entity295 .

entities_list: @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['sepsis', 'Sepsis']

entities_list: @entity1474 :: ('MESH:D005231', 'Chemical') :: ['Polyunsaturated fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity651 :: ('MESH:D055370', 'Disease') :: ['attenuate lung injury']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['Mice']


abstract: The role of @entity734 ( @entity734 ) prophylaxis in @entity1313 ( @entity1313 ) @entity410 -na  ve @entity1 remains unclear. Additionally, @entity734 are associated with severe side effects, negative impact on cognition and drug interactions. Little is known about current practice regarding prophylactic @entity734 use in @entity1313 . We investigated its use in a tertiary care @entity5 center. We reviewed medical records of 260 @entity1 registered in our center between 2008 and 2012, focusing on prophylactic @entity734 use. A descriptive analysis was performed with SPSS IBM version 20.0. Median age was 44.5  years (11-83). Most @entity1 had ECOG PS  <=1 (76.4  %). Among 141 @entity410 -na  ve @entity1 , 70.2  % received an @entity734 as primary prophylaxis (PP). Most commonly used drugs as PP were @entity3174 (85.9  %), @entity2049 (6.1  %) and @entity109 (5.1  %). In only 14 @entity1 (14.1  %) AEDs were eventually discontinued, in a median time of 5.9  months (1.1-76.8  m). @entity734 were used as PP in 60  % of low-grade @entity11 , 73.3  % of @entity11 and 93.9  % of @entity463 @entity1 . Twenty-seven @entity1 (27.3  %) on PP presented @entity410 , generally associated with @entity5 progression. Of the 42 @entity410 -na  ve @entity1 not receiving @entity734 prophylaxis, only two presented @entity410 , which occurred during or within the first week post-radiotherapy. In this cross-sectional study, prophylactic @entity734 use in @entity1313 was extremely high. Postoperatively, @entity734 were discontinued in a minority of @entity1 , mostly after a prolonged period. Current prophylactic @entity734 use patterns in @entity1313 are not in accordance with established guidelines.

title: Antiepileptic drug prophylaxis in @entity1313 XXXX : is current practice in agreement to the consensus?

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'seizures']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['primary brain tumor', 'PBT']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['anaplastic gliomas', 'gliomas']

entities_list: @entity2049 :: ('MESH:D002220', 'Chemical') :: ['carbamazepine']

entities_list: @entity109 :: ('MESH:D010634', 'Chemical') :: ['phenobarbital']

entities_list: @entity3174 :: ('MESH:D010672', 'Chemical') :: ['phenytoin']

entities_list: @entity463 :: ('MESH:D005909', 'Disease') :: ['glioblastoma']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['antiepileptic drugs', 'AED']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In stable @entity1 with blunt @entity1661 , accurate diagnosis of @entity130 is crucial. OBJECTIVES: To determine whether repeating ultrasound exam will increase the sensitivity of focused abdominal sonography for trauma (FAST) through revealing additional free intraperitoneal fluid in @entity1 with blunt @entity1661 . @entity1 AND METHODS: We performed a prospective observational study by performing primary and secondary ultrasound exams in blunt @entity1661 @entity1 . All ultrasound exams were performed by four radiology residents who had the experience of more than 400 FAST exams. Five routine intraperitoneal spaces as well as the interloop space were examined by ultrasound in order to find free fluid. All @entity1 who expired or were transferred to the operating room before the second exam were excluded from the study. All positive ultrasound results were compared with intra-operative and computed tomography (CT) findings and/or the clinical status of the @entity1 . RESULTS: Primary ultrasound was performed in 372 @entity1 ; 61 of them did not undergo secondary ultrasound exam; thus, were excluded from the study.Three hundred eleven @entity1 underwent both primary and secondary ultrasound exams. One hundred and two of all @entity1 were evaluated by contrast enhanced CT scan and 31 underwent laparotomy. The sensitivity of ultrasound exam in detecting intraperitoneal fluid significantly increased from 70.7% for the primary exam to 92.7% for the secondary exam. Examining the interloop space significantly improved the sensitivity of ultrasonography in both primary (from 36.6% to 70.7%) and secondary (from 65.9% to 92.7%) exams. CONCLUSIONS: Performing a secondary ultrasound exam in stable blunt @entity1661 @entity1 and adding interloop space scan to the routine FAST exam significantly increases the sensitivity of ultrasound in detecting intraperitoneal free fluid.

title: Diagnostic accuracy of secondary ultrasound exam in blunt XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PATIENTS', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1661 :: ('MESH:D000008', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal trauma']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['visceral injuries']

answer: @entity1661 :: (MESH:D000008,Disease) :: ['abdominal trauma']


abstract: @entity4600 ( @entity4601 ), the main @entity4599 , is concentrated and avidly retained in membrane phospholipids of the nervous system. @entity4601 is involved in brain and retina function, aging, and neurological and @entity146 /behavioral illnesses. Neuroprotectin D1 (NPD1), the first-identified stereoselective bioactive product of @entity4601 , exerts neuroprotection in models of experimental @entity64 by down-regulating @entity2806 reperfusion (BIR)-induced leukocyte infiltration, proinflammatory signaling, and @entity1188 size. Moreover, NPD1 inhibits cytokine-mediated @entity3840 ( @entity3840 ) expression. Photoreceptor membranes display the highest content of @entity4601 of any cell. Retinal pigment epithelial cells participate in the phagocytosis of the tips of photoreceptor cells (photoreceptor outer segment renewal). There is a @entity4601 retrieval-intercellular mechanism between both types of cells that conserves this @entity844 during this process. NPD1 promotes homeostatic regulation of the integrity of these two cells, particularly during oxidative stress, and this protective signaling may be relevant in @entity989 . Moreover, neurotrophins are NPD1-synthesis agonists, and NPD1 content is decreased in the CA1 region of the hippocampus of @entity195 @entity1 . Overall, NPD1 promotes brain cell survival via the induction of antiapoptotic and neuroprotective gene-expression programs that suppress Abeta42 production and its @entity2359 . Thus, NPD1 elicits potent cell-protective, anti-inflammatory, prosurvival repair signaling.

title: Neuroprotectin D1-mediated anti-inflammatory and survival signaling in @entity64 , retinal degenerations, and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity4599 :: ('CHEBI:25681', 'Chemical') :: ['omega-3 fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity844 :: ('CHEBI:35366', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['brain ischemia']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

entities_list: @entity4600 :: ('CHEBI:28125', 'Chemical') :: ['Docosahexaenoic acid']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["Alzheimer's"]

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['retinal degenerative diseases']

entities_list: @entity2359 :: ('MESH:D020258', 'Disease') :: ['neurotoxicity']

answer: @entity195 :: (MESH:D000544,Disease) :: ['Alzheimer's disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe the incidence of catastrophic @entity542 in a variety of high school and college sports. DESIGN AND SETTING: Data on catastrophic @entity542 were compiled in a national surveillance system maintained by the National Center for Catastrophic Sports Injury Research. The data were compiled with the assistance of coaches, athletic trainers, athletic directors, executive officers of state and national athletic organizations, a national newspaper clipping service, professional associates of the researchers, and national sport organizations. SUBJECTS: Data included all high school and college athletic programs in the United States. MEASUREMENTS: Background information on the athlete (age, height, weight, experience, @entity130 , etc), accident information, immediate and postaccident medical care, @entity130 , and equipment involved. Autopsy reports were used when available. RESULTS: A football-related fatality has occurred every year from 1945 through 1999, except for 1990. Head-related @entity204 accounted for 69% of football fatalities, cervical @entity3510 for 16.3%, and other injuries for 14.7%. High school football produced the greatest number of football head-related @entity204 . From 1984 through 1999, 69 football head-related injuries resulted in @entity2319 . Sixty-three of the injuries were associated with high school football and 6 with college football. Although football has received the most attention, other sports have also been associated with head-related @entity204 and @entity2319 injuries. From 1982 through 1999, 20 @entity204 and 19 @entity2319 injuries occurred in a variety of sports. Track and field, baseball, and cheerleading had the highest incidence of these @entity130 . Three @entity204 and 3 injuries resulting in @entity2319 have occurred in female @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS/RECOMMENDATIONS: Reliable data collection systems and continual analysis of the data can help us to reduce the number of catastrophic head-related injuries. I include additional recommendations for injury prevention.

title: Catastrophic XXXX in High School and Collegiate Sports.

entities_list: @entity3510 :: ('MESH:D013124', 'Disease') :: ['spinal injuries']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['head injuries']

entities_list: @entity2319 :: ('MESH:D003638', 'Disease') :: ['permanent disability']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['previous injury', 'catastrophic injuries', 'type of injury']

answer: @entity542 :: (MESH:D006259,Disease) :: ['Head Injuries']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Recent studies have demonstrated that cortical brain areas tend to oscillate at a specific natural frequency when directly perturbed by @entity9808 ( @entity9808 ). Fast electroencephalographic (EEG) oscillations, which typically originate from frontal regions, have been reported to be markedly reduced in @entity161 . METHODS: Here we employed @entity9808 /EEG to assess the natural frequency of the premotor area in a sample of 48 age-matched @entity1 (12 each in @entity308 ( @entity308 )), @entity162 ( @entity162 ), @entity161 ( @entity161 ) and healthy controls. Event related spectral perturbations (ERSP) were obtained for each study @entity1 using wavelet decomposition. RESULTS: @entity9808 resulted in a significant activation of the beta/gamma band response (21-50Hz) to frontal cortical perturbation in healthy control subjects. By contrast, the main frequencies of frontal EEG responses to @entity9808 were significantly reduced in @entity1 with @entity162 , @entity308 and @entity161 (11-27Hz) relative to healthy subjects. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with @entity162 , @entity308 and @entity161 showed a significantly lower natural frequency of frontal cortico-thalamocortical circuits compared to healthy controls. These results suggest a common neurobiological mechanism of @entity73 . The most likely candidates include dysfunction of GABAergic circuits. LIMITATIONS: Further studies are needed to consider other biological markers, gene variants, and their interaction with clinical variables.

title: Shared reduction of oscillatory natural frequencies in @entity162 , major @entity308 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Patients', 'participant', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['BPD', 'bipolar disorder']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['MDD', 'major depression', 'major depression disorder']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['corticothalamic impairment']

entities_list: @entity9808 :: ('MESH:C536917', 'Disease') :: ['TMS', 'transcranial magnetic stimulation']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia', 'SCZ']

answer: @entity161 :: (MESH:D012559,Disease) :: ['schizophrenia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2662 )-associated @entity1909 (IDH) is a chronic and recurrent @entity484 occurring during childhood and adolescence. @entity2662 -associated @entity602 /tropical @entity3500 ( @entity3498 / @entity3499 ) is a chronic @entity602 of adulthood, presenting with slowly progressive @entity3500 and @entity1690 with mild sensory involvement. There are few reports describing an association between IDH and @entity3498 / @entity3499 . The objective of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of @entity3498 / @entity3499 in @entity1 with IDH and in seropositive members of their families and to determine the blood levels of antibodies against @entity2662 in @entity1 with @entity3498 / @entity3499 . METHODS: Twenty @entity1 with IDH and their seropositive mothers and siblings underwent clinical, neurological, and laboratory evaluations. The diagnosis of @entity3498 / @entity3499 was made in accordance with the World Health Organization criteria. RESULTS: Nine individuals had @entity3498 / @entity3499 (6 of the @entity1 with IDH, 2 mothers, and 1 seropositive brother). In 3 families, > 1 individual had @entity3498 / @entity3499 . The serum antibody titers of the @entity1 with @entity3498 / @entity3499 varied from 1 : 3.125 to 1 : 78.125. CONCLUSIONS: A strong association was observed between IDH and @entity3498 / @entity3499 . The familial clustering of both diseases suggests a genetic background. Serological screening for @entity2662 in @entity1 with symptoms of @entity602 is essential in areas where @entity2662 is endemic.

title: @entity1909 and @entity2662 -associated XXXX /tropical @entity3500 in childhood and adolescence.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1690 :: ('MESH:D046628', 'Disease') :: ['sphincter dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity2662 :: ('11908', 'Species') :: ['HTLV-1', 'Human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1']

entities_list: @entity3500 :: ('MESH:D020336', 'Disease') :: ['spastic paraparesis']

entities_list: @entity602 :: ('MESH:D013118', 'Disease') :: ['myelopathy']

entities_list: @entity1909 :: ('MESH:D003872', 'Disease') :: ['infective dermatitis']

answer: @entity602 :: (MESH:D013118,Disease) :: ['myelopathy']


abstract: @entity1 surviving @entity602 ( @entity602 ) are returning earlier to their communities with the assistance of long-term health care providers (LTHP). However, the prevalence of rehospitalization following rehabilitation of @entity1 with spinal @entity602 is high, with rates ranging from 19% to 57%. Rehospitalization is costly, both financially and personally, and may be preventable. Current literature suggests that education of the LTHP is essential to prevent rehospitalization of @entity1 with @entity602 . The Health Maintenance Education program was developed to optimize individual and societal outcomes of @entity1 with @entity602 through improvement of long-term health care. An educational program was designed for @entity1 with @entity602 and their LTHP; namely, community health nurses (registered nurses, licensed practical nurses), home health aides, personal care assistants, and family care providers. The program included three distinct educational phases, including a 1-day workshop, a collaborative home visit, and ongoing support and follow-up for 1 year. Satisfaction surveys indicated favorable responses to the overall program. Individual results of the program include improved knowledge, acquired resources, and updated equipment for the @entity1 with @entity1688 and the caregiver. Educational materials related to the management of @entity1 with @entity602 were provided to home care agencies for education of employees.

title: Optimizing health of individuals with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['person', 'persons', 'People']

entities_list: @entity1688 :: ('MESH:D011782', 'Disease') :: ['tetraplegia']

entities_list: @entity602 :: ('MESH:D013118', 'Disease') :: ['SCDT', 'cord dysfunction', 'spinal cord dysfunction with tetraplegia']

answer: @entity1688 :: (MESH:D011782,Disease) :: ['tetraplegia']


abstract: The paper presents the early results of surgical treatment of @entity571 secondary to @entity572 with @entity7195 hip prosthesis. Between 2001 and 2002 fourteen cases of @entity625 secondary to @entity1141 were treated with @entity7195 prosthesis. Surgery was performed in @entity1 , age ranging from 22 to 52 years (average age: 40 years). In 8 cases a cementless @entity7195 femoral component was used. In all cases cementless Taperloc (Biomet) acetabulum components were used. Weight-bearing was allowed 7-14 days post-op. Final @entity1 assessment was done 6-26 months post-op, using the Merle d'Aubigne classification. @entity1 satisfaction was also taken into account. Functional assessment using this classification yielded 7 points (range: 5-9 points) pre-op, and 11 points post-op (range: 10-12 points). In the post-op assessment, @entity1 reported less @entity158 and an increased range of motion of the hip. No infections were noted. In 1 case deep rein irritation was noted on the second day post-op. In 10 cases there was no limb length discrepancy post-op, while in 4 cases it ranged from 1.5 cm to 3.0 cm. @entity7195 prosthesis allows secure hip replacement procedure, especially in cases with narrow femoral canals.

title: [Early results of surgical treatment of @entity572 with XXXX prosthesis].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['hip arthritis']

entities_list: @entity572 :: ('MESH:D006617', 'Disease') :: ['hip dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['dysplasia']

answer: @entity7195 :: (OMIM:142700,Disease) :: ['CDH']


abstract: OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: To examine modulation of @entity9432 , a marker for satellite cells (SCs); and MyoD, which may indicate the @entity3457 following recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) denervation and immediate reinnervation; and to elucidate the correlation between their modulations and establishment of neuromuscular junctions (NMJs) in the reinnervated @entity35 thyroarytenoid (TA) muscle. STUDY DESIGN: Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction qPCR and histologic assessment of the TA muscle following RLN transection and @entity254 . METHODS: @entity35 were divided into three groups: 1) denervation alone (DNV) (n   =   60), 2) denervation with @entity254 ( @entity254 ) (n   =   60), and 3) sham-operated controls (n   =   12). Animals were sacrificed at 3 days and 1, 3, and 5 weeks after treatment. TA muscles harvested from 40 animals from each DNV and @entity254 group; all of sham group were subjected to qPCR for assessment of the modulation of @entity9432 and MyoD; and the remaining larynges of DNV and @entity254 group were used for histologic analysis. RESULTS: The expression levels of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) encoding @entity9432 and MyoD in the TA muscle of the DNV group were significantly higher (P   <   0.05) than in the control throughout the study period. These mRNA levels in the @entity254 group were significantly higher (P   <   0.05) at    <=   1 week than in the controls but fell to control levels at   >=    3 weeks. In the @entity254 group, recovery of muscle area and NMJs structure occurred by 3 weeks. CONCLUSION: These data suggested that NMJ formation following reinnervation might prompt recovery of @entity9432 and MyoD mRNA expression to the quiescent level of SCs. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: N/A. Laryngoscope, 2015.

title: Modulation of satellite cells activity and MyoD in XXXX thyroarytenoid muscle after reinnervation.

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis', 'ANS']

entities_list: @entity3457 :: ('OMIM:612348', 'Disease') :: ['myogenic activity']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study was designed in order to assess the validity of the use of amplitude-integrated electroencephalogram (aEEG) in @entity131 caused by severe neonatal @entity3638 . METHODS: A total of 56 full-term neonates diagnosed with severe neonatal @entity3638 and admitted to the NICU of our hospital from July 2013 to December 2014 were continuously selected for the study. The total serum @entity648 (TSB) was higher than 342  mo/l, and was dominated by a higher amount of unconjugated @entity648 . Each @entity1 underwent aEEG monitoring upon admission. And according to the results of the test, they were assigned into an aEEG normal group (38 cases) or an aEEG abnormal group (18 cases). Dynamic monitoring of @entity648 and blood biochemistry was also conducted for all the @entity1 after admission. @entity1 were treated with blue light, anti-infection agents, @entity520 correction measures, transfusion exchanges, intravenous drips of albumin or globulin and other specific treatments as needed in each particular case. Brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP), MRI examination and a behavioral neurological assessment (NBNA) with 20 item-examinations were provided within 4-17 days after admission. Follow-up observations were conducted on growth level (physical development and Gesell scores) at 3, 6, 12 and 18 months. RESULTS: The results of all the diagnostic tests performed in the @entity1 of both groups all yielded a significantly higher abnormality rate in the aEEG abnormal group compared to the results in the aEEG normal group. Furthermore, the results of follow- up tests showing growth and @entity1 development also showed higher abnormality rates in the aEEG abnormal group than in the aEEG normal group. CONCLUSIONS: Since the results of our aEEG monitoring were consistent with the findings of other diagnostic tests, we proved the convenience and effectivity of aEEG for guiding the treatment and prognosis of severe @entity3638 in neonates.

title: Clinical study on amplitude integrated electroencephalogram in @entity131 caused by severe neonatal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'child']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral injury']

entities_list: @entity648 :: ('MESH:D001663', 'Chemical') :: ['bilirubin']

entities_list: @entity520 :: ('MESH:D000138', 'Disease') :: ['acidosis']

entities_list: @entity3638 :: ('MESH:D006932', 'Disease') :: ['hyperbilirubinemia']

answer: @entity3638 :: (MESH:D006932,Disease) :: ['hyperbilirubinemia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Regional variation in @entity6 care may affect outcomes in @entity1 treated with intensive versus standard blood @entity413 control. We sought to evaluate these differences between North America and the rest of the world. METHODS AND RESULTS: Databases were searched from their inception through December 2013. Randomized controlled trials comparing the effects of intensive therapy with standard therapy for macro- and microvascular complications in adults with @entity6 were selected. We calculated summary odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs with the random-effects model. The analysis included 34 967 @entity1 from 17 randomized controlled trials (7 in North America and 10 in the rest of the world). There were no significant differences between intensive and standard therapy groups for all-cause mortality (OR 1.03, 95% CI 0.93 to 1.13) and @entity65 (OR 1.09, 95% CI 0.90 to 1.32). For trials conducted in North America, intensive therapy compared with standard glycemic control resulted in significantly higher all-cause mortality (OR 1.21, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.40) and @entity65 (OR 1.41, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.90) than trials conducted in the rest of the world (all-cause mortality OR 0.93, 95% CI 0.85 to 1.03; interaction P=0.006; @entity65 OR 0.89, 95% CI, 0.79 to 1.00; interaction P=0.007). Analysis of individual macro- and microvascular outcomes revealed no significant regional differences; however, the risk of severe @entity4053 was significantly higher in trials of intensive therapy in North America (OR 3.52, 95% CI 3.07 to 4.03) compared with the rest of the world (OR 1.45, 95% CI 0.85 to 2.47; interaction P=0.001). CONCLUSION: Randomization to intensive glycemic control in @entity6 @entity1 was associated with increases in all-cause mortality, @entity65 , and severe @entity4053 in North America compared with the rest of the world. Further investigation into the pathobiology or @entity1 variability underlying these findings is warranted.

title: Effect of Intensive Versus Standard Blood XXXX Control in @entity1 With @entity6 in Different Regions of the World: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['type 2 diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity4053 :: ('MESH:D007003', 'Disease') :: ['hypoglycemia']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular mortality']

answer: @entity413 :: (MESH:D005947,Chemical) :: ['Glucose']


abstract: Tennis is a popular racquet sport played by @entity1 , @entity1 , @entity1 and @entity1 . Tennis players frequently begin playing in childhood and may continue playing into late adulthood. Preadolescent and adolescent players have open growth plates and a reduced muscle power, lower level of coordination and smaller stature compared with adult players. The physical characteristics of the young tennis player mean that unique demands are placed on the developing athlete which can, in turn, be associated with different types and patterns of injury. The most common types of @entity130 are @entity121 and ligament sprains secondary to overuse. These are a particular problem in the adolescent age group because, in general, this group begin playing with a lower level of physical conditioning. Fortunately, @entity130 in younger players are usually not longstanding and the overuse (chronic) problems seen in older players, such as @entity924 and @entity2633 , are less common in younger players. Anatomically, lower extremity @entity130 are twice as common as those to the upper extremity or spine, with @entity3681 being the most common. Prevention of injury in young tennis players, or at least a reduction in the incidence, is possible. Some @entity130 , including contusions, abrasions, lacerations and @entity174 , may be unavoidable as a result of aggressive play, but others may be prevented by monitoring equipment and the court surface to ensure a safe field of play. The prime target of prevention in young tennis players should be @entity7184 . The principles of 'overload' and staged involvement are of particular importance in this age group. A gradual, progressive increase in the intensity of tennis practice, the slow introduction of new court surfaces and a staged progression in the teaching of tennis skills can help to reduce the incidence of injury in young tennis players.

title: Common sports XXXX in young tennis players.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'girls', 'boys', 'men']

entities_list: @entity7184 :: ('MESH:D012090', 'Disease') :: ['overuse injuries']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures']

entities_list: @entity3681 :: ('MESH:D016512', 'Disease') :: ['ankle injury']

entities_list: @entity924 :: ('MESH:D052256', 'Disease') :: ['patellar tendinosis']

entities_list: @entity2633 :: ('MESH:D013716', 'Disease') :: ['tennis elbow']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['muscle sprains']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['traumatic injuries', 'injuries', 'injury in tennis players of all ages']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['injuries']


abstract: PURPOSE: To review the development of artificial corneas (prostheses and tissue equivalents) for transplantation, and to provide recent updates on our tissue-engineered replacement corneas. METHODS: Modified natural polymers and synthetic polymers were screened for their potential to replace damaged portions of the @entity1 @entity267 or the entire corneal thickness. These polymers, combined with cells derived from each of the three main corneal layers or stem cells, were used to develop artificial corneas. Functional testing was performed in vitro. Trials of biocompatibility and immune and inflammatory reactions were performed by implanting the most promising polymers into @entity95 corneas. RESULTS: Collagen-based biopolymers, combined with synthetic crosslinkers or copolymers, formed effective scaffolds for developing prototype artificial corneas that could be used as tissue replacements in the future. We have previously developed an artificial @entity267 that mimicked key morphologic and functional properties of the @entity1 @entity267 . The addition of synthetic polymers increased its toughness as it retained transparency and low light scattering, making the matrix scaffold more suitable for transplantation. These new composites were implanted into @entity95 without causing any acute @entity32 or immune response. We have also fabricated full-thickness composites that can be fully sutured. However, the long-term effects of these artificial corneas need to be evaluated. CONCLUSIONS: Novel tissue-engineered corneas that comprise composites of natural and synthetic biopolymers together with corneal cell lines or stem cells will, in the future, replace portions of the @entity267 that are damaged. Our results provide a basis for the development of both implantable temporary and permanent corneal replacements.

title: Artificial XXXX corneas: scaffolds for transplantation and host regeneration.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity95 :: ('9986', 'Species') :: ['rabbits', 'rabbit']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: Microbial growth in moisture-damaged buildings has been associated with respiratory health effects, and the spores of the mycotoxin producing fungus Aspergillus versicolor are frequently present in the indoor air. To characterize the potential of these spores to cause harmful respiratory effects, @entity19 were exposed via intratracheal instillation to a single dose of the spores of A. versicolor (1 x 10(5), 1 x 10(6), 5 x 10(6), 1 x 10(7), or 1 x 10(8) spores), isolated from the indoor air of a moisture-damaged building. @entity32 and @entity137 in lungs were evaluated 24 h later by assessment of biochemical markers and histopathology. The time course of the effects was investigated with the dose of 5 x 10(6) spores for up to 28 days. The exposure to the spores increased transiently proinflammatory cytokine levels ( @entity5 necrosis factor [TNF] alpha and interleukin [IL]-6) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). The cytokine responses were dose and time dependent. The highest cytokine concentrations were measured at 6 h after the dose, and they returned to the control level by 3 days. Moreover, the spores of A. versicolor recruited inflammatory cells into airways: Neutrophils peaked transiently at 24 h, macrophages at 3 days, and lymphocytes at 7 days after the dosing. The inflammatory cell response did not completely disappear during the subsequent 28 days, though no histopathological changes were seen at that time point. The spores did not induce expression of inducible @entity842 synthase in lavaged cells. Only the highest spore dose (1 x 10(8)) markedly increased serum @entity777 , increased vascular leakage, and caused @entity137 (i.e., increased levels of albumin, total protein, @entity880 dehydrogenase [LDH], and hemoglobin in BALF) in the airways. In summary, the spores of A. versicolor caused acute @entity32 in @entity19 lungs. This indicates that they have potential to provoke adverse health effects in the occupants of moisture-damaged buildings.

title: Spores of Aspergillus versicolor isolated from indoor air of a moisture-damaged building provoke acute XXXX in @entity19 lungs.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['Inflammation', 'inflammation']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

answer: @entity32 :: (MESH:D007249,Disease) :: ['inflammation']


abstract: Telomerase is an enzyme that stabilizes telomere length in transformed cells and @entity5 . Its role in @entity5 development is far from clear. In this paper, a new experimental model to study telomerase activity during tumorigenesis is presented. After infection with Polyoma virus, AKR @entity19 developed @entity704 and mammary gland @entity420 . Polyoma antigens were observed by the peroxidase-antiperoxidase technique on tissue sections, and by Western blot on @entity5 extracts. The TRAP assay was performed to detect telomerase activity. It was not present in normal mammary gland, but it was positive in mammary gland @entity420 . A different pattern was seen in thymic tissues: normal thymus had higher telomerase activity than @entity704 . The incubation of thymoma extracts with normal thymus extracts decreased telomerase activity in the latter. These results demonstrate two different patterns of telomerase activity in @entity5 induced by Polyoma virus, and suggest the presence of telomerase inhibitory factors in @entity704 .

title: Telomerase activity in XXXX and mammary gland @entity420 induced by polyoma virus in AKR @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity704 :: ('MESH:D013945', 'Disease') :: ['thymomas']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinomas']

answer: @entity704 :: (MESH:D013945,Disease) :: ['thymomas']


abstract: Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) has become increasingly popular as a form of intensified insulin therapy in adolescents with @entity6 ( @entity6 ). One reported drawback was increased @entity1017 in adolescents after initiation of insulin pump therapy. In a prospective, longitudinal, non-randomized and case controlled study, we followed 12 adolescents (mean age 13.6 yr, 8 males, 4 females) from 6 months before the start of CSII to 12 months on CSII. These 12 adolescents with @entity6 on CSII were matched for age, gender, HbA1c, duration of @entity6 , and body mass index (BMI) with 12 adolescents who continued on multiple injection therapy (MIT). In addition, six of the 12 adolescents on CSII intended to control their weight by means of the insulin pump. These six vs six adolescents within the CSII group were further analyzed for weight development and eating habits. Clinical indications for CSII were dawn phenomenon, night-time @entity4053 and @entity1 request for more flexibility in @entity6 management. All @entity1 had been in satisfactory metabolic control on MIT. After 12 months of CSII, the daily insulin requirement remained significantly lower than 18 months before (0.79 +/- 0.11 vs 1.02 +/- 27 U/kg/d, p = 0.034) and number of daily meals was lower (4.1 +/- 0.9 vs 6.5 +/- 0.7, p = 0.006). Mean initial @entity4051 c was 7.4% in the MIT and CSII @entity1 , and remained comparable between these two groups. BMI was not different between the CSII and MIT group over the entire study period. However, those adolescents on CSII who intended to control their weight by means of the insulin pump were able to achieve relative @entity353 during the,first 6 months on CSII. Two @entity1 of the CSII group had one severe hypoglycemic episode with @entity909 . In conclusion, CSII does not lead to @entity1017 by itself, but allows sufficient weight control without a negative effect on metabolic control. The general threat of @entity1017 in @entity1 who switch to insulin pump therapy must be pointed out, and the role of eating habits and caloric content of food should play a central role in insulin pump educational programs.

title: Weight in adolescents with XXXX during continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) therapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['type 1 diabetes mellitus', 'DM']

entities_list: @entity4053 :: ('MESH:D007003', 'Disease') :: ['hypoglycemia']

entities_list: @entity909 :: ('MESH:D014474', 'Disease') :: ['loss of consciousness']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['weight gain']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['type 1 diabetes mellitus']


abstract: PURPOSE: The association between vegetable and fruit consumption and risk of @entity5 and @entity65 ( @entity65 ) has been investigated by several studies, whereas fewer studies have examined consumption of vegetables and fruits in relation to all-cause mortality. Studies on berries, a rich source of antioxidants, are rare. The purpose of the current study was to examine the association between intake of vegetables, fruits and berries (together and separately) and the risk of all-cause mortality and cause-specific mortality due to @entity5 and @entity65 and subtypes of these, in a cohort with very long follow-up. METHODS: We used data from a population-based prospective Norwegian cohort study of 10,000 @entity1 followed from 1968 through 2008. Information on vegetable, fruit and berry consumption was available from a food frequency questionnaire. Association between these and all-cause mortality, cause-specific mortality due to @entity5 and CVDs were investigated using Cox proportional hazard regression models. RESULTS: @entity1 who in total consumed vegetables, fruit and berries more than 27 times per month had an 8-10  % reduced risk of all-cause mortality compared with @entity1 with a lower consumption. They also had a 20  % reduced risk of @entity64 mortality. Consumption of fruit was inversely related to @entity5 mortality, with hazard rate ratios of 0.94, 0.84 and 0.79 in the second, third and firth quartile, respectively, compared with the first quartile. CONCLUSION: Increased consumption of vegetables, fruits and berries was associated with a delayed risk of all-cause mortality and of mortality due to @entity5 and @entity64 .

title: Consumption of berries, fruits and vegetables and mortality among 10,000 Norwegian XXXX followed for four decades.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['overall cancer', 'cancers', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['CVD', 'cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['men']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity3975 is one of the most frequent malignant lesions of salivary glands. The treatment is based on clinical, paraclinical and histological data. Several studies on the prognostic value of molecular markers for these @entity5 were made with contradictory results. The aim of this retrospective study was to analyze the prognostic value of molecular markers of @entity3975 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: Sixteen @entity1 were treated for @entity3975 of principal and/or accessory salivary glands between 1994 and 2003. An immunohistochemical study of archive specimen was performed. Nine markers were specifically studied: 4 proteins/oncoproteins ( @entity876 , @entity588 , @entity1722 and cd117), 2 markers of proliferation ( @entity1364 and Ki67), 1 growing factor receptor ( @entity470 ), 1 epithelial adhesion molecule ( @entity5962 ), and 1 angiogenic cytokine (PDGF). RESULTS: Nine @entity1 and 7 @entity1 were included, with a mean age of 43.7 years (14-80). The mean diameter of @entity5 was 3.1 mm (1-14), and the parotid gland was the most frequent location. The mean global survival rate was 57.3 months with a median of 55 months. The 2 to 5 years survival expectation rate were 82.5% and 46.4% respectively. The mean survival rate for @entity1 was superior to that of @entity1 (P=0.043). The expression of @entity876 and the high expression rate of EFGR were bad prognostic factors (respectively P=0.049 and P=0.012). The expression of @entity1364 was linked to the location (mainly the salivary gland) and to the diameter of the @entity5 (respectively P=0.037 and P=0.029). The degree of EFGR positivity and the histological grade were linked (P=0.027). DISCUSSION: The strong expression of @entity470 was statistically linked to the histological @entity5 grade. The degree of @entity1364 positivity seemed to be associated to the preferential location in the main salivary glands and to the diameter of the @entity5 . The strong expression of @entity876 and @entity470 were bad prognostic factors. These retrospective results need to be confirmed by prospective randomized and larger studies. @entity470 and @entity876 were significant negative prognostic factors. @entity470 was highly correlated to the histological grade, making it an interesting target for further investigation.

title: [ XXXX of salivary glands: the prognostic value of tumoral markers].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity3975 :: ('MESH:D018277', 'Disease') :: ['Mucoepidermoid carcinoma', 'mucoepidermoid carcinoma', 'salivary gland mucoepidermoid carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancers', 'tumors']

answer: @entity3975 :: (MESH:D018277,Disease) :: ['Mucoepidermoid carcinoma']


abstract: AIM: To investigate the relationship between @entity656 ( @entity656 ) and organ failure. METHODS: Clinical data of 74 cases of @entity656 from Jan. 1993 to Dec. 2002 were retrospectively reviewed, and the relationship between organ failure and age, gender, etiology, extent of @entity39 , @entity39 and mortality was analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 47 @entity1 (63.5%) showed organ failure, 20 @entity1 (27.0%) @entity881 , whereas 27 @entity1 (36.5%) with dysfunction of a single organ system. @entity358 was the most common organ dysfunction (23.0%) among single organ failures. There were no significant differences in age, gender and @entity788 among @entity1 with or without organ failure (P>0.05). The incidence of organ failure in infected @entity39 was not higher compared with sterile @entity39 , and @entity1 with increased amount of @entity39 did not have an increased prevalence of organ failure (P>0.05). @entity1 with organ failure had a higher mortality rate compared with those without organ failure (P<0.05). The death of @entity656 was associated with @entity881 (P<0.005), @entity358 (P<0.005), @entity65 (P<0.05) and @entity344 (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Organ failure is common in @entity1 with @entity656 , and @entity1 with @entity881 and @entity358 have a higher mortality rate. Prevention and active treatment of organ failure can improve the outcome of @entity1 with @entity656 .

title: Organ failure associated with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['gallstone pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity656 :: ('MESH:D019283', 'Disease') :: ['SAP', 'severe acute pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['infection of necrosis', 'necrosis']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['Pulmonary failure', 'pulmonary failure']

entities_list: @entity881 :: ('MESH:D009102', 'Disease') :: ['multiple organ failure']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular dysfunction']

answer: @entity656 :: (MESH:D019283,Disease) :: ['severe acute pancreatitis']


abstract: Recent studies indicate that genomic alterations (GAs) are associated with many @entity1 @entity5 . Genome-wide analysis of GAs involved in @entity1419 ( @entity1419 ) and association with histopathologic features are limited. To help characterize this relatively rare @entity5 , we collected 32 frozen tissue samples of @entity1419 to study GAs and molecular karyotypes by using single-nucleotide polymorphism array. Recurrent GAs occurring in at least 40% of the @entity1 were further correlated with histopathologic features. Gain of 1q21.3-q23.1 and losses of 1p36.33-p35.3 and 3p26.3-p13 were significantly associated with larger @entity5 size more than 5 cm in diameter; and loss of 4q13.2-q35.2 with @entity5 multiplicity. Moreover, losses of 1p36.32-p35.3, 3p26.3-p22.2, 4q13.1-q21.23, 4q31.3-q34.3 and 4q34.3-35.2 were inclined to be associated with high histological grade. As to @entity5 vascular invasion, gain of 1q21.3-q23.1 and losses of 3p22.1-p12.3 and 4q13.2-q35.2 were significantly associated with @entity5 vascular invasion. Some regions were concurrently associated with multiple histopathologic characteristics, including loss of 4q13.2-q35.2 associated with larger @entity5 size, high histological grade and vascular invasion; losses of 1p36.33-p35.3 and 3p26.3-p22.2 with larger @entity5 size and high histological grade; and gain of 1q21.3-q23.1 with larger @entity5 size and vascular invasion. Our study indicates that complex chromosomal instability is characteristic of @entity1419 . Detecting crucial GAs will enable risk stratification and development of personalized therapies.

title: Genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism array analysis reveals recurrent genomic alterations associated with histopathologic features in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1419 :: ('MESH:C535533', 'Disease') :: ['ICC', 'intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'malignancies', 'neoplasm']

answer: @entity1419 :: (MESH:C535533,Disease) :: ['intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The growing popularity and trend of day care (ambulatory) anaesthesia has led to the development of newer and efficient drug regimen. We decided to evaluate the efficacy of two drug regimens namely @entity6948 and @entity1875 with @entity1363 and @entity3575 for moderate sedation characteristics in minor surgical procedures in terms of @entity1337 , intra-operative sedation, haemodynamic stability and side effects related. METHODS: Totally, 60 adult American Society of Anaesthesiologists class I-II @entity1 posted for day care surgeries of duration <45 min divided into two groups; Group D, where @entity6948 loading dose at 1  g/kg was administered over 10 min followed by maintenance infusion initiated at 0.6  g/kg/h and titrated to achieve desired clinical effect with dose ranging from 0.2 to 0.7  g/kg, Group P, where @entity1363 at 0.02 mg/kg and @entity3575 at 2  g/kg IV boluses were given followed by @entity1875 infusion. Statistical analysis was done using student t-test, analysis of variance and Chi-square analysis. P < 0.05 was considered to be significant. RESULTS: Degree of sedation (Observer's Assessment of Activity and Sedation Scale  <=3) was comparable in both groups (P > 0.05). Rescue @entity1337 with @entity3575 was needed in 30% @entity1 of Group D compared to 17.63% @entity1 of Group P (P < 0.05). The level of arousal was faster and better in Group D at 5 min after the procedure (P < 0.05). Haemodynamics were stable in Group D as with Group P @entity1 (P < 0.005). @entity2133 reported by 16.67% @entity1 . CONCLUSION: @entity6948 can be a useful adjuvant rather than the sole sedative-analgesic agent during minor surgeries and be a valuable alternative to @entity1875 in terms of moderate sedation, haemodynamic stability with minimal transient side effects.

title: Is XXXX better than @entity1875 and @entity3575 combination in minor day care procedures? A prospective randomised double-blind study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1363 :: ('MESH:D008874', 'Chemical') :: ['midazolam']

entities_list: @entity1337 :: ('MESH:D000699', 'Disease') :: ['analgesia']

entities_list: @entity1875 :: ('MESH:D015742', 'Chemical') :: ['propofol']

entities_list: @entity6948 :: ('MESH:D020927', 'Chemical') :: ['dexmedetomidine', 'Dexmedetomidine']

entities_list: @entity3575 :: ('MESH:D005283', 'Chemical') :: ['fentanyl']

answer: @entity6948 :: (MESH:D020927,Chemical) :: ['dexmedetomidine']