abstract: OBJECTIVE: Livestock-related @entity130 are one of the important factors causing morbidity and mortality in @entity1 admitted to hospital. Treatment of these @entity1 is still a major problem in health care system. The aim of current study was to assess the epidemiology of livestock-related @entity130 in a major @entity130 center in Iran from 2006 to 2011. METHODS: In a prospective study, @entity1 with livestock-related @entity130 who were consecutively admitted to the @entity130 center in Kashan, Iran between 2006 and 2011 were evaluated. The data collected included @entity1 's demographics, place and nature of accident, damaged organ, educational level, transport and outcome. Data were expressed as mean +/- standard deviation. RESULTS: A total of 129 @entity1 were included in this study, accounting for 0.3% of all @entity130 admission (40 273 cases). The mean age was (55.27 +/- 14.45) years. @entity1 were affected four times more than @entity1 . Falling down from livestock is the main mechanism of @entity130 in all groups. Upper and lower extremities were most frequently injured (n equal to 72), followed by the head, neck and spine (n equal to 33 for each). There was one death resulting from livestock-related injury in this study. CONCLUSION: Despite the low incidence, livestock-related @entity130 can damage major organs of @entity1 body and therefore appropriate training program to increase the safety awareness in home and outdoor is very important.

title: Epidemiology of livestock-related XXXX in a major @entity130 center in Kashan, Iran.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'human', 'patients', 'patient', 'Men']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['injuries', 'trauma']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['injuries']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Necrotising @entity9156 and @entity295 caused by the infection of vibrio is a rare but dangerous clinical emergency, with a mortality of 50-100%. Early diagnosis and surgical treatment may improve the prognosis significantly. However, valid emergency operation indications are scarce and need to be explored, which will be helpful for the early recognition and selection of operational procedures in @entity1 with vibrio necrotising @entity9156 . METHODS: We retrospectively analysed the @entity1 with vibrio necrotising @entity9156 admitted to the emergency department of our hospital from July 2000 to June 2009. The surgical treatment strategy was summarised in order to provide clinical evidence for surgical treatment of vibrio necrotising @entity9156 . RESULTS: A total of 19 cases of vibrio necrotising @entity9156 were selected in our study. All the @entity1 were living along the coast, and 68.4% had a history of @entity409 , 78.9% had a history of @entity1068 abuse, 52.6% had fever, 89.5% were complicated with @entity326 and 31.6% progressed to @entity881 . Rapidly progressive @entity4 and @entity158 as well as skin superficial @entity2979 were the early presentations of vibrio necrotising @entity9156 , while skin ecchymosis, @entity4530 or @entity4530 , @entity39 and subcutaneous crepitation were the presentations of the advanced stage. Seventeen @entity1 received emergency incision and drainage, subcutaneous @entity715 , @entity39 , muscle and full-thickness @entity39 observed in the operation, and necrotising @entity9156 was confirmed by exploration or pathologic examination. Selective debridement and skin graft was performed to repair the wound after operation, and amputation was performed on two @entity1 to close the wound. The average length of stay was 21.3 days (1-82 days), and eight @entity1 died, with mortality being 42.1%. CONCLUSION: Rapidly progressive @entity16 and acute deterioration of the @entity1 are the most distinctive clinical manifestations of vibrio necrotising @entity9156 . Recognition of the signs of local skin and tissue damage in early stage is crucial for early diagnosis and surgical intervention. Emergency incision and drainage, combined with selective debridement and skin graft, could improve the prognosis of the @entity1 , and preserve the integrity of the @entity1 's limbs as much as possible.

title: Surgical treatment of 19 cases with vibrio necrotising XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity326 :: ('MESH:D012772', 'Disease') :: ['septic shock']

entities_list: @entity4530 :: ('MESH:D001768', 'Disease') :: ['blood blisters', 'blisters']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['local swelling']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis', 'subcutaneous tissue necrosis']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['chronic liver disease']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['local damage']

entities_list: @entity881 :: ('MESH:D009102', 'Disease') :: ['multiple-organ dysfunction syndrome']

entities_list: @entity2979 :: ('MESH:D054070', 'Disease') :: ['venous stasis']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['vein thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity9156 :: ('MESH:D005208', 'Disease') :: ['fasciitis']

answer: @entity9156 :: (MESH:D005208,Disease) :: ['fasciitis']


abstract: This study examined associations between support behavior, i.e. active engagement and protective buffering, and relationship satisfaction in both @entity1 with @entity6 and their partners. Active engagement refers to supportive behavior characterized by involving one's partner in discussions, asking how the other feels, and problem solving strategies. Protective buffering refers to less supportive behavior characterized by denying fears and worries, and by pretending everything is fine. Furthermore, we examined whether there were interactive effects of these two support behaviors on @entity1 ' and partners' relationship satisfaction. At baseline (T1), 205 couples rated to which degree they received active engagement and protective buffering from their partners, and completed a measure of relationship satisfaction. At three follow-up assessments, couples were asked to fill out the same measures. Using dyadic data analytic approaches, we found relationship satisfaction to be positively associated with active engagement, and negatively with protective buffering, in both @entity1 and partners. Moreover, we found a moderating effect, in that the negative association between protective buffering and relationship satisfaction was only present when levels of active engagement were relatively low. Again, these results were found for @entity1 as well as their partners. We were able to replicate the T1 results at the other three assessment points. Our findings illustrate the need to consider adequate and less adequate support behaviors simultaneously, and to study the effects on both @entity1 and partners.

title: Support behavior and relationship satisfaction in couples dealing with XXXX : main and moderating effects.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: American @entity6 Association (ADA), French-speaking Societies for @entity6 _ cardiology (ALFEDIAM-SFC) and Cardiac Radionuclide Imaging (CRI) have proposed guidelines for the screening of silent @entity741 (SMI). The aim of the study was to evaluate their diagnostic values and how to improve them. METHODS AND RESULTS: 731 consecutive type 2 @entity6 @entity1 with >= 1 additional risk factor were screened between 1992 and 2006 for SMI by stress myocardial scintigraphy and for silent @entity453 ( @entity453 ) by coronary angiography. A total of 215 (29.4%) @entity1 had SMI, and 79 of them had @entity453 . ADA (Odds Ratio 1.7 [95% Confidence Interval: 1.2-2.5]; p < 0.05), ALFEDIAM-SFC (OR 1.5 [1.0-2.5], p < 0.05) and CRI criteria (OR 2.0 [1.4-2.8], p < 0.01) predicted SMI. Considering the presence of male gender and @entity989 added to the prediction of SMI allowed by ADA criteria (c statistic: area under the curve AROC 0.651 [0.605-0.697] versus 0.582 [0.534-0.630]), p < 0.01 and ALFEDIAM-SFC criteria (AROC 0.672 [0.620-0.719] versus 0.620 [0.571-0.670], p < 0.05). CRI prediction of SMI was improved by considering the presence of macroproteinuria and @entity989 (AROC 0.621 [0.575-0.667] versus 0.594 [0.548-0.641], p < 0.01). Severe @entity989 (OR 3.4 [1.2-9.4], p < 0.05), smoking habits (OR 2.1 [1.1-4.2], p < 0.05) and @entity412 levels (OR 1.3 [1.0-1.6], p < 0.05) were independent predictors of @entity453 in the @entity1 with SMI. CONCLUSION: Current guidelines criteria are able to predict SMI but prediction may be improved by considering male gender and the presence of @entity989 . @entity453 is more frequent in the @entity1 with SMI who are current smokers, have severe @entity989 and higher @entity412 levels.

title: The report of male gender and @entity989 status improves the current consensus guidelines for the screening of @entity741 in asymptomatic type 2 XXXX @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetes', 'diabetic', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial ischemia']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['retinopathy']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['CAD', 'coronary artery disease']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetic']


abstract: The corticospinal tract (CST) has dense contralateral and sparse ipsilateral spinal cord projections that converge with proprioceptive afferents on common spinal targets. Previous studies in adult @entity35 indicate that the loss of dense contralateral spinal CST connections after unilateral pyramidal tract section (PTx), which models @entity393 after @entity64 or @entity1566 , leads to outgrowth from the spared side into the affected, ipsilateral, spinal cord. The reaction of proprioceptive afferents after this CST injury, however, is not known. Knowledge of proprioceptive afferent responses after loss of the CST could inform mechanisms of maladaptive plasticity in spinal sensorimotor circuits after injury. Here, we hypothesize that the loss of the contralateral CST results in a reactive increase in muscle afferents from the impaired limb and enhancement of their physiological actions within the cervical spinal cord. We found that 10 d after PTx, proprioceptive afferents sprout into cervical gray matter regions denervated by the loss of CST terminations. Furthermore, @entity3862 -positive boutons, indicative of group 1A afferent terminals, increased on motoneurons. PTx also produced an increase in microglial density within the gray matter regions where CST terminations were lost. These anatomical changes were paralleled by reduction in frequency-dependent @entity308 of the H-reflex, suggesting @entity427 . Our data demonstrate for the first time that selective CST injury induces maladaptive afferent fiber plasticity remote from the lesion. Our findings suggest a novel structural reaction of proprioceptive afferents to the loss of CST terminations and provide insight into mechanisms underlying @entity508 .

title: Selective corticospinal tract injury in the @entity35 induces primary afferent fiber sprouting in the spinal cord and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity508 :: ('MESH:D009128', 'Disease') :: ['spasticity']

entities_list: @entity1566 :: ('MESH:D013119', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord injury']

entities_list: @entity427 :: ('MESH:D012021', 'Disease') :: ['hyperreflexia']

answer: @entity427 :: (MESH:D012021,Disease) :: ['hyperreflexia']


abstract: In this study we investigated the possibility that an increase in cytoplasmic @entity141 concentration that is too low to cause muscle contraction can induce an increase in @entity413 transport activity in skeletal muscle. The compound @entity28397 (W-7), which induces @entity141 release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), caused a dose-dependent increase in tension in @entity35 epitrochlearis muscles at concentrations more than approximately 200 microM. Although 100 microM W-7 did not increase muscle tension, it accelerated loss of preloaded 45 @entity141 . @entity413 transport activity, measured with the nonmetabolizable @entity413 analogue @entity10546 , increased sixfold in muscles treated for 100 min with 50 microM W-7 (P less than 0.001) and eightfold in response to 100 microM W-7 (P less than 0.001). The increase in @entity413 transport activity was completely blocked with 25 microM cytochalasin B. There was no decrease in @entity855 or @entity1734 concentrations ([approximately P]) in muscles incubated with 50 microM W-7. @entity592 (25 microM), which blocks @entity141 release from the SR, blocked the effects of W-7 both on 45Ca2+ release and on @entity413 transport activity. @entity16776 , another inhibitor of @entity141 release from the SR, also blocked the stimulation of @entity12015 transport by W-7. @entity5834 , a compound structurally unrelated to W-7 that also releases @entity141 from the SR, also increased @entity413 transport activity. Incubation of muscles with 3 mM @entity5834 for 30 min, which did not cause contraction or lower [approximately P], induced a threefold increase in @entity10546 transport (P less than 0.001). These results provide evidence suggesting that an increase in cytoplasmic @entity141 too low to cause contraction or [approximately P] depletion can bring about an increase in @entity413 transport activity in skeletal muscle.

title: Calcium stimulates XXXX transport in skeletal muscle by a pathway independent of contraction.

entities_list: @entity1734 :: ('CHEBI:17287', 'Chemical') :: ['creatine phosphate']

entities_list: @entity16776 :: ('MESH:D000585', 'Chemical') :: ['9-Aminoacridine']

entities_list: @entity10546 :: ('MESH:D019325', 'Chemical') :: ['3-O-methylglucose']

entities_list: @entity5834 :: ('MESH:D002110', 'Chemical') :: ['caffeine', 'Caffeine']

entities_list: @entity28397 :: ('MESH:C017967', 'Chemical') :: ['N-(6-aminohexyl)-5-chloro-1-naphthalenesulfonamide']

entities_list: @entity592 :: ('MESH:D003620', 'Chemical') :: ['Dantrolene']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose', 'Glucose']

answer: @entity413 :: (MESH:D005947,Chemical) :: ['glucose']


abstract: The @entity11784 @entity1110 -specific @entity1785 reductase FRP follows a ping-pong mechanism but switches to a sequential mechanism in the luciferase-coupled reaction. The bound FMN co-isolated with FRP, while acting as a genuine cofactor in the single-enzyme reaction, functions in the luciferase-coupled reaction as a prebound substrate and is directly transferred to luciferase once it is reduced [Lei, B., and Tu, S.-C. (1998) Biochemistry 37, 14623-14629]. With the aim of better understanding the functions of FMN in the FRP holoenzyme, this study was undertaken to quantify and compare the thermodynamic properties of the binding of oxidized and reduced FMN by the FRP apoenzyme. By isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) measurements in various buffers at pH 7.0 and 15-30 degrees C, the binding of FMN by apo-FRP was found to be noncooperative, exothermic, and primarily enthalpy driven. The binding free energy change (hence, the association constant) was nearly invariant over this temperature range. Significant conformational changes in FRP upon binding of FMN were indicated. Equilibrium bindings of reduced @entity28094 by @entity1785 -dependent proteins have rarely been studied. In this work, the thermodynamic properties of binding of reduced FMN by apo-FRP were found to closely resemble those of FMN binding under three sets of experimental conditions via ITC measurements and, in one case, fluorescence quenching. The kinetically deduced ping-pong mechanism of FRP is now supported by direct measurements of binding affinities of the oxidized and reduced FMN cofactors. These findings are also discussed in relation to the function of FRP as a reduced @entity1785 donor in the FRP-luciferase couple.

title: Thermodynamic analysis of the binding of oxidized and reduced FMN cofactor to XXXX @entity1110 -FMN oxidoreductase FRP apoenzyme.

entities_list: @entity11784 :: ('669', 'Species') :: ['Vibrio harveyi']

answer: @entity11784 :: (669,Species) :: ['Vibrio harveyi']


abstract: We assessed the efficacy and tolerability of @entity2277 ( @entity2879 / @entity1260 / @entity1499 ) combination therapy in 24 @entity1 who were failing the treatment protocol of the Lymphomes Non Hodgkiniens ( @entity35350 ) 84 study. Eight @entity1 were refractory to the @entity35350 84 induction cycles, but ten achieved a partial response (PR). The six remaining @entity1 attained complete response (CR) after @entity35350 84 induction, but relapsed either during consolidation therapy or after completing the whole program. Twenty-three @entity1 are evaluable for response. The @entity2277 regimen provided a CR rate of 43% and a PR rate of 17%. Treatment failed in nine cases (39%). The CR rate was particularly high (67%) in the group of @entity1 who had PR with @entity35350 84 induction treatment. Of the ten who had attained CR, five relapsed after 4 to 42 months and five are still alive with no evidence of disease after 29 to 62 months. @entity2277 therapy was well tolerated. A total of 101 @entity2277 courses were given. Myelotoxicity was the most common side effect. Grade 3 or 4 @entity1503 was recorded after 11% of the cycles. Among eight infectious episodes recorded, one was fatal. This study demonstrates that CR and long disease-free survival are obtainable with the @entity2277 regimen in a small number of @entity1 failing a high-dose @entity632 -containing first-line treatment.

title: @entity2879 , @entity1260 , and XXXX combination chemotherapy for aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphomas after failure of the @entity35350 84 regimen.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity2879 :: ('MESH:D005047', 'Chemical') :: ['etoposide']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['cytopenia']

entities_list: @entity1260 :: ('MESH:D007069', 'Chemical') :: ['ifosfamide']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

answer: @entity1499 :: (MESH:D008727,Chemical) :: ['methotrexate']


abstract: The role of ipsilateral motor areas for movement control is not yet fully understood. The relevance of these areas to the recovery of motor function following a @entity75 is a matter of dispute. It has recently been stated that increased ipsilateral activation following @entity75 is maladaptive and hindering the process of recovery. Others have presented evidence that ipsilateral motor areas subserve motor recovery. A recent study published in Experimental Neurology [Lotze, M., Sauseng, P., Staudt, M., 2009. Functional relevance of ipsilateral motor activation in @entity1269 as tested by fMRI-navigated TMS. Exp. Neurol., 217, 440-443.] on @entity1 with @entity1269 presents evidence for the importance of ipsilateral primary motor cortex and dorsal premotor cortex to movement control even in the absence of direct ipsilateral descending output in this special set of @entity1 . This comment briefly summarizes the relevant findings supporting both views and discusses potential causes for the prima facie contradictory findings.

title: The role of ipsilateral primary motor cortex in movement control and recovery from XXXX .

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain damage', 'brain lesion']

entities_list: @entity1269 :: ('MESH:D010291', 'Disease') :: ['congenital hemiparesis']

answer: @entity75 :: (MESH:D001927,Disease) :: ['brain damage']


abstract: 1. There is continuing uncertainty about the tissue compartments where angiotensin and @entity1812 peptide formation occurs. @entity19 with @entity14206 ( @entity14206 ) expression targeted to the cardiomyocyte membrane provide a unique experimental model to detect @entity14206 substrates in the extravascular compartment of the heart in vivo. 2. @entity15395 , @entity1812 -(1-7) and @entity1812 -(1-9) were measured in blood and cardiac ventricles of @entity164 ( @entity164 ) @entity19 , @entity19 with a non-functional somatic @entity14206 gene promoter (KO), @entity19 homozygous (8/8) and heterozygous (1/8) for cardiomyocyte-targeted @entity14206 expression and a non-functional somatic @entity14206 gene promoter, and @entity19 heterozygous for cardiomyocyte-targeted @entity14206 expression and heterozygous for the @entity164 @entity14206 allele ( @entity164 /8). 3. Cardiac @entity15395 levels of 8/8, 1/8, @entity164 /8 and @entity164 @entity19 were higher than KO levels. Cardiac @entity15395 levels in 8/8 and 1/8 @entity19 were also higher than @entity164 levels, but the levels in @entity164 /8 @entity19 were similar to @entity164 levels. Cardiac @entity1812 -(1-9) levels of @entity164 , but not 8/8 @entity19 , were lower than in KO @entity19 , whereas @entity1812 -(1-7) levels in 8/8 @entity19 were lower than in KO @entity19 . 4. We conclude that @entity15395 and @entity1812 -(1-7) are present in the cardiac extravascular compartment of @entity19 lacking vascular @entity14206 and that extravascular @entity14206 produces @entity15395 and metabolises @entity1812 -(1-7) in this compartment. The data suggest that the vascular compartment is the main site of @entity15395 and @entity1812 -(1-9) formation and metabolism and that vascular @entity14206 may limit @entity15395 entry to the extravascular compartment of @entity164 @entity19 .

title: Genetic models provide unique insight into angiotensin and XXXX peptides in the extravascular compartment of the heart in vivo.

entities_list: @entity15395 :: ('11606(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['AngI', 'Angiotensin (Ang) I and II', 'AngII']

entities_list: @entity14206 :: ('11421(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['ACE', 'angiotensin-converting enzyme']

entities_list: @entity1812 :: ('MESH:D001920', 'Chemical') :: ['bradykinin']

answer: @entity1812 :: (MESH:D001920,Chemical) :: ['bradykinin']


abstract: Among @entity1 with a @entity5345 mutation, the lifetime risks of @entity5344 are elevated. Several measures for reducing @entity5 risk in carriers of @entity5345 mutations have been proposed, including prophylactic surgery and @entity440 chemoprevention. It is not yet known to what extent @entity1 with mutations have adopted these various preventive measures. We surveyed 414 Polish @entity1 with a @entity5345 mutation who had received counseling about various preventive strategies. Each @entity1 completed a survey for a minimum of 18 months after receiving her genetic result. A high proportion of @entity1 reported having had an oophorectomy to reduce @entity5344 risk (49.1%). In contrast, only 11% had taken @entity440 and only 5% had undergone a preventive mastectomy. Most of the @entity1 (81%) had a screening mammogram during the follow-up period. Oral contraceptives and breastfeeding are believed to protect against @entity43 , but only 9% of @entity1 had taken the birth control pill for 3 years or more and 27% had breastfed for 1 year or more. In summary, approximately one-half of Polish @entity1 with a @entity5345 mutation had taken an active step to reduce their risk of @entity0 within 18 months of receiving a positive result. A greater effort should be made to promote breastfeeding and use of oral contraceptive as risk-reducing measures.

title: A survey of preventive measures among XXXX mutation carriers from Poland.

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity440 :: ('MESH:D013629', 'Chemical') :: ['tamoxifen']

entities_list: @entity5344 :: ('MESH:D061325', 'Disease') :: ['breast and ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

answer: @entity5345 :: (672,Gene) :: ['BRCA1']


abstract: The laboratory @entity6475 ( @entity6475 ) of @entity238 is characterized by an elevated frequency of spontaneous mutation (10(-3)-10(-4). Mutations occur in both sexes at premeiotic stages of germ cell development. The increased mutability is a characteristic feature of @entity6475 itself, since it appears in the absence of outcrossing. Most of the mutations arising in this strain are unstable: reversions to wild type, high frequency mutation to new mutant states and replicating instability were observed. We have investigated the localization of the transposable genetic elements mdg1, 412, mdg3, gypsy ( @entity27381 ), copia and P in the X chromosomes of the @entity6475 and in the mutant lines y, ct, sbt derived from it by in situ hybridization. The P element was not found in any of these strains. The distributions of mdg1, 412, mdg3 and copia were identical in the X chromosomes of the @entity6475 and its derivatives. However, the sites of hybridization with gypsy differ in the various lines tested. In the polytene chromosomes of @entity6475 animals significant variation in location and number of copies of the gypsy element was demonstrated between different larvae; copy numbers as high as 30-40 were observed. These results suggest autonomous transposition of gypsy in the @entity6475 genome while several other mobile elements remain stable.

title: Autonomous transposition of gypsy mobile elements and genetic instability in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity6475 :: ('MESH:D013180', 'Disease') :: ['mutator strain', 'MS']

entities_list: @entity238 :: ('7227', 'Species') :: ['Drosophila melanogaster']

answer: @entity238 :: (7227,Species) :: ['Drosophila melanogaster']


abstract: @entity3580 is considered to be a @entity5 . According to most authors it constitutes between 1-4% of all malignant @entity3478 . In 50% of the cases it is located in the sacrum, in 35% in the cervical spine and skull, and in 15% in the thoracic spine and elsewhere. It is an @entity146 , locally invasive, slowly-growing @entity5 . Although @entity3 are rare, when they occur they are of an anaplastic type, especially in the lungs, liver, regional lymph nodes, skin and muscles. @entity3580 is a rare @entity5 , and its location and slow growth often result in delayed diagnosis. Complete excision of the @entity3580 was formerly considered impossible. There is often local recurrence, and often, by its very nature, excision results in @entity16 . Lately, there is more optimism regarding complete cure, due to more advanced surgical methods. We present a 66-year-old @entity1 in whom a @entity5 developed in the sacrococcygeal area and the right buttock. The @entity5 was diagnosed by CT, MRI and biopsy as a @entity3580 of the sacrum, without intra-abdominal infiltration. He was operated through a posterior approach, with complete resection of the @entity5 , including almost the whole sacrum and the coccyx. We consider this approach simpler than the abdominal-dorsal approach, which in cases of intra-abdominal infiltration is necessary. We regard this simple incision as a significant advance in the treatment of this condition.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Posterior approach for excision of sacral XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'malignant, fatal tumor']

entities_list: @entity3478 :: ('MESH:D001859', 'Disease') :: ['bone tumors']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological defects']

entities_list: @entity3580 :: ('MESH:D002817', 'Disease') :: ['chordoma', 'Chordoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

answer: @entity3580 :: (MESH:D002817,Disease) :: ['chordoma']


abstract: A simple, sensitive, and reproducible method for the detection of urinary @entity1 chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and diagnosis of early @entity1 pregnancy is reported. A 5-ml aliquot of filtered early-morning urine sample was concentrated in a microconcentrator (M) to 0.1 ml of retentate which was diluted with 0.4 ml of distilled water and tested in a @entity1062 (M- @entity1062 ). Also, a 0.1-ml aliquot of filtered unconcentrated urine sample was diluted with 0.4 ml of distilled water and tested in the same @entity1062 ( @entity1062 ). Urine samples from @entity1 of reproductive age; from perimenopausal, menopausal, and proteinuric @entity1 ; and from adult males were tested in the @entity1062 and M- @entity1062 . Some of these urine samples were also tested in the @entity19 ovulation bioassay (MOB). The M- @entity1062 was significantly more reliable than the @entity1062 for diagnosis of early pregnancy 25 to 55 days after menses. Correct negative results with the M- @entity1062 were obtained in urine samples of most of the nonpregnant cycling, perimenopausal, and menopausal @entity1 , and adult males. Urine samples from subjects with severe @entity644 gave false-positive types of reactions in the M- @entity1062 . Positive results were obtained in the MOB with a number of urine samples from pregnant, perimenopausal, and menopausal @entity1 . A properly conducted M- @entity1062 should be very valuable in diagnosing pregnancy as early as the 26th day of the cycle in regularly menstruating @entity1 .

title: A simple and sensitive nonradioactive method for the detection of urinary XXXX chorionic gonadotropin and diagnosis of early @entity1 pregnancy. I. Multiple-unit test.

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity1062 :: ('MESH:D013736', 'Disease') :: ['hemagglutination inhibition test', 'HIT']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: Calpain is an intracellular @entity9495     -activated protease that is involved in numerous @entity9495      dependent regulation of protein function in many cell types. This paper tests a hypothesis that calpains are involved in @entity9495     -dependent increase of the late @entity1372 current (INaL) in failing heart. @entity712 (HF) was induced in 2 @entity235 by multiple coronary artery embolization. Using a conventional patch-clamp technique, the whole-cell INaL was recorded in enzymatically isolated ventricular cardiomyocytes (VCMs) in which INaL was activated by the presence of a higher (1  M) intracellular [ @entity9495     ] in the patch pipette. Cell suspensions were exposed to a cell- permeant calpain inhibitor @entity30211 for 1-2 h before INaL recordings. The numerical excitation-contraction coupling (ECC) model was used to evaluate electrophysiological effects of calpain inhibition in silico. MDL caused acceleration of INaL decay evaluated by the two-exponential fit (     =42  3.0 ms      =435  27 ms, n=6, in MDL vs.      =52  2.1 ms      =605  26 control no vehicle, n=11, and vs.      =52  2.8 ms      =583  37 ms n=7, control with vehicle, P<0.05 ANOVA). MDL significantly reduced INaL density recorded at -30 mV (0.488  0.03, n=12, in control no vehicle, 0.4502  0.0210, n=9 in vehicle vs. 0.166  0.05pA/pF, n=5, in MDL). Our measurements of current-voltage relationships demonstrated that the INaL density was decreased by MDL in a wide range of potentials, including that for the action potential plateau. At the same time the membrane potential dependency of the steady-state activation and inactivation remained unchanged in the MDL-treated VCMs. Our ECC model predicted that calpain inhibition greatly improves myocyte function by reducing the action potential duration and intracellular diastolic @entity9495      accumulation in the pulse train. CONCLUSIONS: Calpain inhibition reverses INaL changes in failing @entity235 ventricular cardiomyocytes in the presence of high intracellular @entity9495     . Specifically it decreases INaL density and accelerates INaL kinetics resulting in improvement of myocyte electrical response and @entity9495      handling as predicted by our in silico simulations.

title: Calpain inhibition reduces amplitude and accelerates decay of the late @entity1372 current in ventricular myocytes from @entity235 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic heart failure']

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['chronic heart failure']


abstract: PURPOSE: To retrospectively evaluate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of @entity0 after @entity2101 ( @entity2101 ) ablation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Six @entity1 with invasive @entity513 underwent @entity2101 ablation. In all @entity1 , dynamic MRI was performed prior to and two weeks after @entity2101 . Serial follow-up studies were performed. Changes in signal intensity and size of the index @entity5 in addition to peripheral enhancement patterns were evaluated. Histopathological results were compared with MRI findings. RESULTS: All @entity1 had a single index @entity5 with a mean size 25.6 mm (range 12 to 37 mm) at the ablation time. In three of six @entity1 , thin rim enhancement around the ablation zone was seen on the subtraction image after first ablation, which showed no change on follow-up MRI. Complete ablation was confirmed by the histopathology (biopsy in two and surgery in one). In the remaining three @entity1 , nodular or irregular thick enhancement was shown on the subtraction image and viable @entity5 was confirmed by surgery and biopsy in two @entity1 . CONCLUSION: The MR characteristics of successfully ablated @entity0 included central dark signal intensities with thin rim enhancement on subtraction images. Nodular or irregular thick enhancements should raise concern of partial ablation. We propose MRI plays a critical role in assessing the effectiveness of @entity2101 treatment.

title: The potential role of dynamic MRI in assessing the effectiveness of XXXX ablation of @entity0 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancers', 'breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity513 :: ('MESH:D044584', 'Disease') :: ['ductal carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity2101 :: ('MESH:C538394', 'Disease') :: ['high-intensity focused ultrasound', 'HIFU']

answer: @entity2101 :: (MESH:C538394,Disease) :: ['high-intensity focused ultrasound']


abstract: @entity1118 ( @entity1118 ) is a common problem among @entity1 and @entity1 worldwide. It is a symptoms-complex term for @entity2335 / @entity2336 in @entity1 and @entity5116 in @entity1 . @entity1 often present with a combination of lower urinary tract symptoms with @entity2371 and @entity250 . No gold standard exists for diagnosis or treatment of @entity1118 . The diagnosis is often challenging and is determined by elimination. Multiple treatment modalities exist, ranging from physical therapy to surgery. We discuss minimally invasive therapies for treatment of this complex of symptoms. Although data suggest reasonable efficacy of several medications, multimodal therapy remains the mainstay of treatment. We review the following minimally invasive therapeutic modalities: dietary modifications, physical therapy, mind-body therapies, medical therapy, intravesical therapies, trigger point injections, botulinum toxin injections to the pelvic floor, and neuromodulation. We report data supporting their use and efficacy and highlight the limitations of each.

title: Minimally invasive therapies for chronic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity2335 :: ('MESH:D003556', 'Disease') :: ['interstitial cystitis']

entities_list: @entity2371 :: ('MESH:D017699', 'Disease') :: ['pelvic pain']

entities_list: @entity2336 :: ('MESH:D018856', 'Disease') :: ['painful bladder syndrome']

entities_list: @entity5116 :: ('MESH:D011472', 'Disease') :: ['chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic pelvic pain syndrome', 'CPPS']

entities_list: @entity250 :: ('MESH:D012735', 'Disease') :: ['sexual dysfunction']

answer: @entity2371 :: (MESH:D017699,Disease) :: ['pelvic pain syndrome']


abstract: The role of @entity5052 is confirmed, in literature, as a risk factor in @entity741 and in the development of @entity731 . The problem of @entity414 concentration in serum is still not elucidated as well as the role of the eventual @entity5052 as a risk factor and its excretion from the kidneys of @entity1 with @entity299 in a decompensation stage. Thirty five @entity1 with different @entity299 in various decompensation stages were observed. In all @entity1 , the @entity414 concentration in serum were studied as well as the clearance of @entity414 , reabsorption percentage in tubules and glomerular filtration according to the clearance of endogenous @entity1011 . The results obtained revealed that @entity5052 (over 7 mg%) is found in a great number of the @entity1 (40%) with @entity712 . The @entity5052 established resulted primarily from the reduced filtration of glomeruli. In some of the cases, an increased reabsorption of @entity414 in tubules was found. In other, single cases, data exist about @entity414 secretion in tubules. The problem of heart @entity1 treatment in decompensation stage with the presence of @entity5052 is discussed. In those cases, very likely, prophylactic measures should be undertaken due to the fact that @entity5052 is a factor, secondarily leading to @entity731 heart alterations.

title: [Excretion of @entity414 in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart decompensation']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart diseases']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic heart disease']

entities_list: @entity5052 :: ('MESH:D033461', 'Disease') :: ['hyperuricemia']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerotic complications', 'atherosclerotic']

entities_list: @entity414 :: ('MESH:D014527', 'Chemical') :: ['uric acid']

answer: @entity299 :: (MESH:D006331,Disease) :: ['cardiac decompensation']


abstract: @entity410 are occasional @entity410 and not true @entity302 . This study investigates @entity410 types of @entity302 and their evolution with development. Seventy-five @entity1 with @entity302 of onset within 1 month of life, who were examined between 1970 and 1995, and whose @entity410 types could be confirmed with ictal EEG recordings, were studied. The @entity1 were followed up for a minimum of 3 years and the evolution of @entity302 syndromes was investigated. Sixty-three (84%) of 75 @entity1 had partial @entity410 , while nine had generalized @entity410 , and only three had both generalized and partial @entity410 . Twenty-three of 24 neonates with benign familial or non-familial neonatal @entity410 presented with partial @entity410 ; these syndromes should not necessarily be categorized into generalized @entity302 as they are in the present International Classification. Age-dependent changes were a common feature of symptomatic @entity302 . Eighteen (41%) of 44 @entity1 with symptomatic @entity302 of neonatal onset developed @entity739 in infancy. Fifteen (83%) of these 18 @entity1 presented with symptomatic localization-related @entity302 in the neonatal period. In seven of these 15 @entity1 , @entity739 was followed by localization-related @entity302 . Symptomatic localization-related @entity302 with transient @entity739 in infancy is another type of age-dependent @entity302 .

title: Epilepsies of neonatal onset: XXXX type and evolution.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity739 :: ('MESH:D013036', 'Disease') :: ['West syndrome']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'Most neonatal seizures', 'seizures', 'convulsions']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epileptic syndrome', 'epilepsies', 'epileptic', 'epilepsy', 'neonatal epilepsies', 'true neonatal epilepsies']

answer: @entity410 :: (MESH:D012640,Disease) :: ['seizure']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The @entity9045 antagonist pegvisomant is a highly effective new treatment option in @entity2012 . The German Pegvisomant Observational Study (GPOS) was started to monitor long-term safety and efficacy of pegvisomant as prescribed in clinical practice. DESIGN: GPOS is an observational, multi-center, surveillance study, which comprises non-interventional data collection. METHODS: Of the 229 @entity1 included in the study, 90.4% had previous pituitary surgery, 43.2% were treated by radiation therapy, and 94.3% had previous medical therapy for @entity2012 that had been discontinued mainly due to persistent @entity442 elevation or side effects. The intention-to-treat population included 177 @entity1 with at least one post-baseline efficacy measurement. RESULTS: @entity442 levels decreased from 1.75+/-0.91-fold the upper limit of normal at baseline to 1.05+/- 0.62 at the 6-month visit, 0.96+/-0.60 at the 12-month visit, and to 0.89+/-0.41-fold after 24 months (P<0.0001). Mean duration of pegvisomant therapy was 51.8+/-35.8 weeks (median=51.9 weeks). @entity442 was normalized in 64.4% at 6 months with a median dose of 15.0 mg/day, in 70.9% at 12 months, and in 76.3% at 24 months. Fasting @entity413 levels improved from 114.4+/-45.9 to 101.5+/- 42.8 mg/dl after 6 months (P<0.01) and to 100.6+/-33.2 mg/ml after 12 months (P<0.01). General physical condition measured by specific signs and symptoms score improved significantly. Adverse events occurring in >1% were injection site reactions in 7.4%, elevated liver enzymes (>3 times of normal) in 5.2% (3.1% spontaneously normalized during continued treatment), reported increase of @entity977 volume in 5.2% (which was verified in 3.1%), and @entity10 in 1.7%. CONCLUSIONS: Pegvisomant is generally well tolerated with a safety profile similar to that reported in clinical trials and can effectively reduce @entity442 in @entity1 with @entity2012 refractory to conventional therapy.

title: Treatment of XXXX with the @entity9045 antagonist pegvisomant in clinical practice: safety and efficacy evaluation from the German Pegvisomant Observational Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2012 :: ('MESH:D000172', 'Disease') :: ['acromegaly']

entities_list: @entity977 :: ('MESH:D010911', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary tumor']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity2012 :: (MESH:D000172,Disease) :: ['acromegaly']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Five-year graft survival in the pediatric lung transplant (LTxp) population is less than 50%, with @entity5924 ( @entity5924 ) the leading cause of @entity204 at 1, 3, and 5 years post-transplant. @entity4154 ( @entity4154 ), defined using spirometry values, is the clinical surrogate for the histological diagnosis of @entity5924 . Surgical correction of documented @entity354 ( @entity354 ) has been proposed as a means to potentially delay the onset of @entity4154 and prolong allograft survival in adults before or after lung transplantation but only one such study exists in @entity1 . We have examined the safety and possible benefits of laparoscopic antireflux surgery in pediatric @entity1 following lung (LTxp) and @entity299 transplantation (HLTxp). METHODS: An Institutional Review Board (IRB)-approved retrospective chart review was performed to evaluate the outcomes and complications of laparoscopic antireflux surgery in pediatric lung and @entity299 transplant @entity1 . Spirometry data were collected for @entity4154 staging using @entity4154 criteria for @entity1 . RESULTS: Twenty-five lung and @entity299 transplants were performed between January 2003 and July 2009. Eleven transplant recipients, including six double-lung and five @entity299 (HLTxp), with a median age of 11.7 years (range 5.1-18.4 years), underwent a total of 12 laparoscopic Nissen fundoplications at a median of 427 days after transplant (range 51-2310 days). @entity354 was determined based upon clinical impression, pH probe study, gastric emptying study, and/or esophagram in all @entity1 . Three @entity1 already had a @entity5274 in place and two had one placed at the time of fundoplication. There were no conversions to open surgery, 30-day readmissions, or 30-day mortalities. Complications included one exploratory laparoscopy for free air 6 days after laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication for a gastric perforation that had spontaneously sealed. Another @entity1 required a revision laparoscopic Nissen 822 days following the initial fundoplication for a @entity357 and recurrent @entity354 . The average length of hospital stay was 4.4    1.7 days. Nine of the 12 fundoplications were performed in @entity1 with baseline spirometry values prior to fundoplication and who could also complete spirometry reliably. One of these nine operations was associated with improvement in @entity4154 stage 6 months after fundoplication; seven were associated with no change in @entity4154 stage; and one was associated with a decline in @entity4154 stage. CONCLUSION: It is feasible to perform laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication in pediatric lung and @entity299 transplant recipients without mortality or significant morbidity for the treatment of @entity354 . The real effect on pulmonary function cannot be assessed due to our small sample size and lack of reproducible spirometry in our younger @entity1 . Additional studies are needed to elucidate the relationship between antireflux surgery and the potential for improving pulmonary allograft function and survival in @entity1 which has been previously observed in adult @entity1 .

title: Feasibility of laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication after pediatric lung or XXXX transplantation: should this be the standard?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity357 :: ('MESH:D006551', 'Disease') :: ['paraesophageal hernia']

entities_list: @entity5274 :: ('MESH:D005184', 'Disease') :: ['gastrostomy tube']

entities_list: @entity5924 :: ('MESH:D001988', 'Disease') :: ['OB', 'obliterative bronchiolitis']

entities_list: @entity354 :: ('MESH:D005764', 'Disease') :: ['gastroesophageal reflux disease', 'GERD']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart-lung']

entities_list: @entity4154 :: ('MESH:D001989', 'Disease') :: ['Bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome', 'BOS']

answer: @entity299 :: (MESH:D006331,Disease) :: ['heart-lung']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Physical ( @entity10 , @entity490 , e.g.), emotional ( @entity146 , diminution of self-esteem, e.g.) and/or behavioral disturbances (fatigue, decrease of libido, e.g.) appear frequently during the premenstrual phase of menstrual cycles. Of moderate to severe intensity, these varied symptoms sometimes hinder the usual personal, social and/or professional functioning by generating significant suffering. Thus, @entity3010 ( @entity3010 ) and @entity14052 ( @entity14052 ) are closely related to @entity308 in many prior studies. In spite of solid links associating @entity308 with @entity74 in the literature, the psychological dimension of the @entity3010 still remains underestimated. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to examine the nature of possible relationships between a moderate @entity3010 and different modes of information processing with physical and emotional stimuli, such as @entity2531 and physical @entity4270 , well-known symptoms of @entity308 . METHOD: One hundred and five students in psychology from the Fran  ois Rabelais university (France), aged between 18 to 50 years old (M=20.98, SD=3.43), were invited to fill in French versions of the Menstrual Distress Questionnaire [25] (Moos, 1991), the @entity2531 subscale of the Symptom Check-List 90 [26] (Derogatis _ Cleary, 1977), and the Physical Anhedonia Scale [28] (Chapman et al., 1976). Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated and a multiple regression analysis was conducted with Statistica software. RESULTS: Main results reveal that @entity3010 is positively related to @entity2531 (r=0.58; P<0.001) and negatively to physical @entity4270 (r=-0.27; P<0.05). @entity4270 (b=-0.20; P<0.05) and @entity2531 (b=0.55; P<0.001) may take part in the appearance of a @entity3010 . CONCLUSION: These results allow us to enrich our knowledge on the origin and the nature of the @entity3010 , which would be physiological, psychological and social, in order to adapt and widen the therapeutic options by proposing, in parallel with the specific medical treatments, psychological interventions based on cognitive and behavioral techniques aiming a decentralization and a restructuration of the physical symptoms.

title: [Premenstrual symptomatology, @entity2531 and physical XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity14052 :: ('MESH:D065446', 'Disease') :: ['premenstrual dysphoric disorder', 'PDD']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive disorders', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['irritability']

entities_list: @entity4270 :: ('MESH:D059445', 'Disease') :: ['Physical anhedonia', 'anhedonia']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['premenstrual disorders']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity2531 :: ('MESH:D013001', 'Disease') :: ['somatization']

entities_list: @entity3010 :: ('MESH:D011293', 'Disease') :: ['PS', 'premenstrual syndrome', 'premenstrual symptomatology']

answer: @entity4270 :: (MESH:D059445,Disease) :: ['anhedonia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3928 ( @entity3928 ) have particularly high demands on @entity1 care processes but occur rather rarely in daily hospital routine. Therefore, it is common to use simulations to train staff and to optimize institutional processes. OBJECTIVES: Aim of study was to compare the pre-therapeutic in-house workflow of two differently structured level 1  @entity130 sites in the case of a  simulated @entity3928 ( @entity3928 ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A  @entity3928 of 70  @entity1 was simulated by actors in a manner that was as realistic as possible. The on-site triage assigned 7  cases to @entity130 site  A with relatively long in-house distances and 4  @entity1 to an independent @entity130 site  B in which these distances were relatively short. During in-house treatment, time intervals for reaching milestones were measured and compared using the Mann-Whitney U test. RESULTS: As no simultaneous @entity1 arrival occurred, the @entity1 Distribution Matrix proved to be effective. Site  A needed more time (minutes) from admission to endpoints (A: 31.85     7.99; B: 21.62     4.76; p  = 0.059). In detail, the time intervals were particularly longer for both @entity1 stay in @entity130 room (A: 8.46     3.02; B: 2.73     0.78, p  < 0.01) and transfer time to the CT room (A: 1.81     0.62; B: 0.06     0.03, p  < 0.01). A shorter stay in the CT room did not compensate these effects (A: 8.86     1.84; B: 10.40     2.89, p  = 0.571). For both sites, image calculation and distribution were relatively time consuming (17.36     3.05). CONCLUSIONS: Although short in-house distances accelerated pretherapeutic treatment processes significantly, both sites remained clearly within the "golden hour". The strongest potential bottleneck was the time interval until images were available at the endpoints.

title: [Pretreatment @entity3928 workflow analysis : Comparison of two level 1  XXXX centers].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity3928 :: ('MESH:C536030', 'Disease') :: ['mass casualty incident', 'Mass casualty incidents', 'MCI']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['trauma']


abstract: The objective of this phase II multicenter study was to assess the efficacy and tolerance of @entity19040 (a sustained-release @entity4396 agonist) in advanced or recurrent @entity1204 . A total of 101 monthly intramuscular injections were administered to 24 eligible @entity1 (median number/ @entity1 = 3; range 1-12). Mainly due to progression, only 16 @entity1 received 3 or more injections. Among the 23 evaluable @entity1 , 1 complete and 1 partial response (response rate of 8.7%) and 5 disease stabilizations were observed, often of long duration, but never in an irradiated area or after progestogens treatment failure. Median survival for eligible @entity1 was 7.2 months (range: 1-36 months). Only grade 1 @entity137 possibly related to the treatment were observed in 4 @entity1 . In conclusion, @entity19040 was safe, well tolerated, and easily manageable, and the very low @entity137 did not impair the quality of life in these @entity1 with a very poor prognosis. Although the response rate was disappointing, several @entity1 showed early evidence of efficacy which may be of long duration. Response rates range between 0 and 45% in different published studies. Additional studies with stricter inclusion criteria and a larger sample size are necessary to better evaluate the role of @entity4396 agonists in @entity1204 .

title: A multicenter phase II study with XXXX (sustained-release @entity4396 agonist) in advanced or recurrent @entity1204 : a French anticancer federation study.

entities_list: @entity1204 :: ('MESH:D016889', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial cancer', 'endometrial adenocarcinomas']

entities_list: @entity19040 :: ('MESH:D017329', 'Chemical') :: ['triptorelin']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

answer: @entity19040 :: (MESH:D017329,Chemical) :: ['triptorelin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Subclinical apoplexy of pituitary functional @entity652 can cause spontaneous remission of hormone hypersecretion. The typical presence of pituitary growth hormone (GH) @entity652 is @entity11125 and/or @entity2012 . We investigated the clinical characteristics of @entity1 with spontaneous partial remission of @entity2012 or @entity11125 due to subclinical apoplexy of GH @entity652 . METHODS: Six @entity1 with spontaneous remission of @entity2012 or @entity11125 were enrolled. The clinical characteristics, endocrinological evaluation and imageological characteristics were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: In these cases, the initial clinical presences were @entity6 or @entity6126 . No @entity227 , or conscious disturbance had ever been complained of. The base levels of GH and @entity442 ( @entity442 ) were normal or higher, but nadir GH levels were all still > 1   g/L in 75 g oral @entity413 tolerance test. Magnetic resonance imaging detected enlarged sella, @entity4776 and compressed pituitary. The transsphenoidal surgery was performed in 2 cases, and the other @entity1 were conservatively managed. All the @entity1 were in clinical remission. CONCLUSIONS: When the clinical presences, endocrine evaluation, biochemical examination and imageology indicate spontaneous remission of GH hypersecretion in @entity1 with @entity11125 or @entity2012 , the diagnosis of subclinical apoplexy of pituitary GH @entity652 should be presumed. To these @entity1 , conservative therapy may be appropriate.

title: Spontaneous remission of XXXX or @entity11125 due to subclinical apoplexy of pituitary growth hormone @entity652 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['abrupt headache, vomiting, visual function impairment']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity442 :: ('3479', 'Gene') :: ['insulin growth factor-1', 'IGF-1']

entities_list: @entity4776 :: ('MESH:D004652', 'Disease') :: ['partial empty sella']

entities_list: @entity2012 :: ('MESH:D000172', 'Disease') :: ['acromegaly']

entities_list: @entity6126 :: ('MESH:D007006', 'Disease') :: ['hypogonadism']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity2012 :: (MESH:D000172,Disease) :: ['acromegaly']


abstract: BACKGROUND: selective @entity750 reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) may affect the neurodegenerative process of @entity303 , enhancing cognition. This systematic review aims to determine whether SSRIs influence cognitive performance, mood and function in @entity1 with any type of @entity303 . METHOD: randomised placebo-controlled studies of SSRIs in @entity1 with @entity303 , which recorded cognitive outcomes, were identified in ALOIS (ALzheimer's and cOgnitive Improvement Studies register) in April 2013 and updated in January 2015. Data were extracted on cognition, @entity2146 , mood, activities of daily living (ADLs) and adverse events. End of treatment statistics were calculated. RESULTS: twelve studies met inclusion criteria (1,174 @entity1 ), of which seven studies (710 @entity1 ) provided data for meta-analysis on cognition. There was no difference in MMSE score at end of treatment; mean difference (MD) was 0.28 (95% CI -0.83 to 1.39) (six studies, 470 @entity1 ). For change in MMSE scores, there was a small improvement; MD was 0.53 (95%CI -0.07 to 1.14) (three studies, 352 @entity1 ). The remaining studies showed no improvement in cognition. There was no statistically significant benefit of SSRIs on mood (four studies, 317 @entity1 ); standard mean difference (SMD) -0.10 (95% CI -0.39 to 0.2), @entity2146 (three studies, 189 @entity1 ); SMD -0.01(95% CI -0.86 to 0.83), or ADLs at end of treatment (four studies, 336 @entity1 ); SMD -0.15(95% CI -0.45 to 0.15). There was no difference in mortality between the two groups. Study quality was mixed with concerns over incomplete data. CONCLUSION: a small number of relatively low-powered studies showed no benefit or harm from SSRIs in terms of cognition, mood, @entity2146 or ADLs. Large, methodologically robust studies are needed.

title: The effect of treatment with selective XXXX reuptake inhibitors in comparison to placebo in the progression of @entity303 : a systematic review and meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'people']

entities_list: @entity2146 :: ('MESH:D011595', 'Disease') :: ['agitation']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['serotonin']

answer: @entity750 :: (MESH:D012701,Chemical) :: ['serotonin']


abstract: This study focused on the effects of hospital supervision and type of prescribed home exercise in cardiac rehabilitation programs on aerobic fitness, @entity148 , and @entity308 . @entity1 who had a @entity583 were randomly assigned to four exercise programs: The first program consisted of purely hospital-based exercise. The second and third programs combined hospital and home exercise, including either bicycling or walking at home. In the fourth program, @entity1 were encouraged to exercise at home, but were given no specific guidance. Fifty-two @entity1 finished the eight-week exercise program and 35 completed the psychologic questionnaires. At the end of the eight weeks, there were significant differences in the programs' effects on aerobic fitness. Purely hospital-supervised exercise and the combination of hospital-supervised bicycling with home walking increased aerobic fitness more than completely unsupervised exercise. Furthermore, there were differences in the programs' effects on manifest @entity148 . The combination of home and hospital bicycling was less beneficial than home walking and hospital bicycling or even completely unsupervised exercise at home. The results indicate that the degree of hospital supervision and the type of prescribed home exercise are important design features which may affect the success of cardiac rehabilitation exercise programs. No effects of the different exercise programs on @entity1 ' @entity308 could be found. In general, a close relationship between aerobic fitness and @entity148 or @entity308 could not be demonstrated. Implications of these findings for the design of cardiac rehabilitation exercise programs are discussed.

title: Hospital supervised vs home exercise in cardiac rehabilitation: effects on aerobic fitness, XXXX , and @entity308 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Men']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

answer: @entity148 :: (MESH:D001008,Disease) :: ['anxiety']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity957 ( @entity957 ) represents more than 90% of @entity5 . Risk factors such as smoking and @entity988 can result in additional diseases, particularly of the upper gastrointestinal tract. The aim of the present study was to assess the synchronous pathologic changes of the upper gastrointestinal tract using endoscopy at the diagnosis of @entity957 using a retrospective cohort study design. @entity1 AND METHODS: The clinical records of 806 @entity1 with @entity957 from 1997 to 2007 were reviewed. Of the 806 @entity1 , 570 (188 females and 382 males) with primary @entity957 were identified. All @entity1 underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy at the initial @entity5 staging. The @entity5 stage was defined according to the International Union Against Cancer classification for head and @entity5 . The clinical and histologic data were analyzed for probability using univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS: Of the 570 @entity1 , 289 had limited and 281 advanced disease. A statistically significant association was found between the advanced and limited @entity5 stage for @entity355 with an odds ratio of 4.986 (95% confidence interval 1.370 to 27.360, P = .0061). Pathologic findings were observed in 169 @entity1 . Additional risk factors for the development of secondary upper aerodigestive tract @entity5 were found in 103 @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy provides the opportunity to identify second @entity5 , @entity1613 , and risk factors and to obtain biopsies using one procedure. The results can be immediately integrated into the therapeutic concept of the @entity66 . Although new imaging techniques have been available, esophagogastroduodenoscopy still plays a decisive role in the routine staging of @entity957 .

title: Results of esophagogastroduodenoscopy in @entity1 with XXXX --value of endoscopic screening: 10-year experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['primary disease']

entities_list: @entity355 :: ('MESH:D001471', 'Disease') :: ["Barrett's esophagus"]

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['oral malignancies', 'tumor', 'neck malignancies', 'cancers', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity988 :: ('MESH:D000437', 'Disease') :: ['alcohol abuse']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['OSCC', 'Oral squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1613 :: ('MESH:D011230', 'Disease') :: ['precancerous lesions']

answer: @entity957 :: (MESH:D002294,Disease) :: ['oral squamous cell carcinoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To modify and improve the procedures of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) @entity2 . METHODS: From December 2010 to July 2012, 11 @entity1 with @entity1149 underwent VATS @entity2488 in our department, which included 7 cases of right upper lobectomy, 3 cases of @entity1002 and 1 case of left lower lobectomy. We modified the surgical procedures in relation to the distribution of VATS ports, the techniques of dissecting hilar structures and the method of bronchial reconstruction. The position of incisions for the left side differed from the right side. The lobe was resected with the technique of "hollow out" and the bronchus was reconstructed using a running prolene stitch. RESULTS: @entity190 of these 11 @entity1 ranged from 50-400 (median 200) mL. The operations were completed within 200-320 (median 235) minutes and the duration needed for bronchial reconstruction ranged from 35 to 60 (median 50) minutes. A total of 8-28 (median 15) lymph nodes were dissected. There was no conversion to thoracotomy or blood transfusion. Chest drainage tubes were removed within 2-12 (median 3) days after surgery. The patency of bronchial anastomosis was confirmed by bronchoscopy. @entity260 occurred in three @entity1 , which included one case of @entity9131 ( @entity9131 ) and two cases of @entity55 . The @entity1 suffered from @entity9131 died 49 days after surgery from intrabronchial bleeding. The postoperative hospital stay of those @entity1 ranged from 8 to 49 (median 8) days. The reconstructed bronchus continued to work well during the three month follow-up visits. CONCLUSION: VATS @entity2488 is feasible and safe. The modifications of the surgical procedures may promote the use of this complex operation.

title: [Improving the procedures of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2488 :: ('MESH:D001982', 'Disease') :: ['bronchial sleeve lobectomy']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['Blood loss']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['nonsmall cell lung cancers']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['bronchial sleeve lobectomy for lung cancers']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity9131 :: ('MESH:D001983', 'Disease') :: ['BPF', 'bronchial pleural fistula']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['left upper lobectomy']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['bronchial sleeve lobectomy for lung cancers']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Alteration of placental structure may influence fetal overgrowth and complications of @entity6 . We examined the placenta in a cohort of offspring of mothers with type 1 @entity6 (OT1DM) to assess structural changes and determine whether these were related to maternal @entity3916 , fetal hematocrit, fetal hormonal, or metabolic axes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Placental samples were analyzed using stereological techniques to quantify volumes and surface areas of key placental components in 88 OT1DM and 39 control subjects, and results related to maternal @entity3916 and umbilical cord analytes (insulin, @entity1243 , @entity1254 , @entity442 , hematocrit, lipids, @entity1851 , and @entity650 ). RESULTS: Intervillous space volume was increased in OT1DM (OT1DM 250 + or - 81 cm(3) vs. control 217 + or - 65 cm(3); P = 0.02) with anisomorphic growth of villi (P = 0.025). The placentas showed a trend to increased weight (OT1DM 690 + or - 19 g; control 641 + or - 22 g; P = 0.08), but villous, nonparenchymal, trophoblast, and capillary volumes did not differ. Villous surface area, capillary surface area, membrane thickness, and calculated morphometric diffusing capacity were also similar in type 1 @entity6 and control subjects. @entity3916 at 26-34 weeks associated with birth weight (r = 0.27, P = 0.03), placental weight (r = 0.41, P = 0.0009), and intervillous space volume (r = 0.38, P = 0.0024). In multivariate analysis of cord parameters in OT1DM, fetal @entity442 emerged as a significant correlate of most components (intervillous space, villous, trophoblast, and capillary volumes, all P < 0.01). By contrast, fetal insulin was only independently associated with capillary surface area (positive, r(2) = 6.7%; P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: There are minimal placental structural differences between OT1DM and control subjects. Fetal @entity442 but not fetal insulin emerges as a key correlate of placental substructural volumes, thereby facilitating feedback to the placenta regarding fetal metabolic demand.

title: Placental structure in type 1 XXXX : relation to fetal insulin, @entity1243 , and @entity442 .

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes', 'maternal diabetes']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']


abstract: A 24-year-old @entity1 was well until 1982, when he noticed @entity425 and @entity194 of right arm especially those of biceps muscles. These symptoms did not progress until 1988. In 1988 @entity425 appeared and he was admitted to our hospital. On examination, he had @entity425 and @entity194 of both upper extremities. @entity2901 was noticed in the proximal part of right arm. When his head was bent forward, @entity809 appeared around radial side of his arm. There were no long tract sign or objective sensory loss. EMG showed neurogenic change over both his upper extremities. In plain cervical roentgenogram there existed abnormal @entity1513 of cervical vertebrae. In MRI imaged with his neck flexed, cervical cord was compressed by the posterior surface of 4th cervical vertebral body, which corresponded to the top of cervical @entity1513 . Based on these signs and examinations, a diagnosis of flexion @entity602 was made. Spinal immobilization by wiring and bone graft implantation ranging from C2 to C6 was performed to limit the range of anterior nuchal flexion. After this operation, improvement of muscle strength along with the disappearance of @entity809 on neck flexion was observed. Clinically, this case closely resembles to juvenile type of @entity2057 of upper extremities (Hirayama type). From our study, pathomechanism of this case seems to be a flexion @entity602 at C4 level. This view is supported also by the good recovery after the operation. This case suggests that nonprogressive @entity194 due to flexion @entity602 can be successfully treated by cervical spine immobilization.

title: [A case of flexion @entity602 presenting XXXX of upper extremities--a successful treatment by cervical spine immobilization].

entities_list: @entity809 :: ('MESH:D010292', 'Disease') :: ['dysesthesia']

entities_list: @entity602 :: ('MESH:D013118', 'Disease') :: ['myelopathy']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['weakness', 'weakness of left elbow flexion']

entities_list: @entity194 :: ('MESH:D001284', 'Disease') :: ['atrophy of upper extremities', 'atrophy']

entities_list: @entity2901 :: ('MESH:D005207', 'Disease') :: ['Fasciculation']

entities_list: @entity2057 :: ('MESH:D009133', 'Disease') :: ['distal and segmental muscular atrophy']

answer: @entity2057 :: (MESH:D009133,Disease) :: ['juvenile segmental muscular atrophy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: There is sparse information in the literature on the outcome of Maisonneuve-type pronation-external rotation @entity1171 treated with syndesmotic screws. The primary aim of this study was to determine the long-term results of such treatment of these @entity174 as indicated by standardized @entity1 -based and physician-based outcome measures. The secondary aim was to identify predictors of the outcome with use of bivariate and multivariate statistical analysis. METHODS: Fifty @entity1 with @entity717 were treated with open reduction and internal fixation of the syndesmosis utilizing only one or two screws. The results were evaluated at a mean of twenty-one years after the fracture utilizing three standardized outcomes instruments: (1) the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM), (2) the American Orthopaedic Foot _ Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot scale, and (3) the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression (CES-D) Scale. @entity571 was graded according to the van Dijk and revised Takakura radiographic scoring systems. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify predictors of long-term outcome. RESULTS: Forty-four (92%) of forty-eighty @entity1 had good or excellent AOFAS scores, and forty-four (90%) of forty-nine had good or excellent FAAM scores. Arthrodesis for severe @entity571 was performed in two @entity1 . Radiographic evidence of @entity571 was observed in twenty-four (49%) of forty-nine @entity1 . Multivariate analysis identified @entity158 as the most important independent predictor of long-term ankle function as indicated by the AOFAS and FAAM scores, explaining 91% and 53% of the variation in scores, respectively. Analysis of @entity158 as the dependent variable in bivariate analyses revealed that @entity308 , ankle range of motion, and a subsequent surgery were significantly correlated with higher @entity158 scores. No firm conclusions could be drawn after multivariate analysis of predictors of @entity158 . CONCLUSIONS: Long-term functional outcomes at a mean of twenty-one years after pronation-external rotation @entity1171 treated with one or two syndesmotic screws were good to excellent in the great majority of @entity1 despite substantial radiographic evidence of @entity571 in one-half of the @entity1 . The most important predictor of long-term functional outcome was @entity1 -reported @entity158 rather than physician-reported function or @entity571 . There was no significant association between radiographic signs of @entity571 and perceived @entity158 in the present series.

title: Long-term outcome of pronation-external rotation XXXX treated with syndesmotic screws only.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['posttraumatic osteoarthritis', 'osteoarthritis', 'Osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures']

entities_list: @entity1171 :: ('MESH:D064386', 'Disease') :: ['ankle fractures']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['pronation-external rotation (predominantly Maisonneuve) fractures']

answer: @entity1171 :: (MESH:D064386,Disease) :: ['ankle fractures']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the role of thyroid blood flow assessment by color-flow Doppler ultrasonography in the differential diagnosis of @entity2743 . METHODS: Consecutive @entity1 with @entity2743 presenting to our center between June 2007 and March 2008 were included in the study. Clinical data were collected, and thyroid function tests including measurements of @entity7287 , total @entity1955 , and total @entity1954 were performed. Thyroid glands of all @entity1 were evaluated with color-flow Doppler ultrasonography for size, vascularity, and peak systolic velocity of the inferior thyroid artery. @entity1497 scan was done when the diagnosis was not clear on the basis of clinical findings. @entity1 were divided into 2 groups for analysis: @entity1 with destructive @entity2743 and @entity1 with @entity2743 . Paired t tests and Fisher exact tests were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: A total of 65 @entity1 participated in the study; 31 had destructive @entity2743 and 34 had @entity2743 . Thyroid blood flow, as assessed by peak systolic velocity of the inferior thyroid artery, was significantly higher in @entity1 with @entity2743 than in @entity1 with @entity1374 (57.6 +/- 13.1 cm/s vs 22.4 +/- 5.4 cm/s; P<.05). All @entity1 with @entity1374 had low peak systolic velocity of the inferior thyroid artery, and 32 of 34 @entity1 with @entity2743 had high peak systolic velocity. Color-flow Doppler ultrasonography parameters correlated significantly with @entity1497 scan results, demonstrating a comparable sensitivity of 96% and specificity of 95%. CONCLUSIONS: Differentiating @entity2743 from destructive @entity2743 is essential for proper selection of therapy. Assessment of thyroid blood flow by color-flow Doppler ultrasonography is useful in this differentiation.

title: Role of thyroid Doppler in differential diagnosis of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2743 :: ('MESH:D006111', 'Disease') :: ['Graves thyrotoxicosis', 'thyrotoxicosis', 'Graves disease']

entities_list: @entity1497 :: ('MESH:D013670', 'Chemical') :: ['pertechnetate', 'Technetium Tc 99m pertechnetate']

entities_list: @entity1955 :: ('MESH:D013974', 'Chemical') :: ['thyroxine']

entities_list: @entity7287 :: ('MESH:D013972', 'Chemical') :: ['thyrotropin']

entities_list: @entity1954 :: ('MESH:D014284', 'Chemical') :: ['triiodothyronine']

entities_list: @entity1374 :: ('MESH:D013959', 'Disease') :: ['destructive thyroiditis']

answer: @entity2743 :: (MESH:D006111,Disease) :: ['thyrotoxicosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity1082 ) is directly associated with the occurrence and development of @entity5 . Targeting @entity1083 has become the priority in treatment and prevention. Some treatment strategies have shown a limited therapeutic potential in suppressing and reversing the oncogenic effects of HPVs, but are compromised by the @entity137 , immune suppression and the expense. @entity4447 ( @entity9188 ) has shown therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of haematological and solid @entity5 and has been demonstrated to effectively induce apoptosis of @entity5 cells in vitro. Here, we examined the effects and possible molecular pathway of @entity9188 -induced apoptosis in @entity5 cells. METHODS: @entity9188 was added to @entity1083 and CaSki and the HPV-negative cell line C33A at concentrations from 1 to 10   mol/l. Cell proliferation rates were evaluated by @entity2454 assays after exposure. Expressions of @entity5 suppressor gene @entity876 , activated @entity522 and cell cycle distribution were evaluated in relation to HPV-E6 protein expression by confocal microscopy immunofluorescent staining and flow cytometry. RESULTS: @entity9188 reduced cell populations by 16% in @entity1 but by 48-60% in @entity1083 . The expression of HPV-E6 proteins was drastically down-regulated in a dose-dependent manner, whereas @entity876 and activated @entity522 expressions increased in the @entity1083 cell lines. Flow cytometry demonstrated cell cycle arrest in S-G2/M phases, and increasing apoptotic bodies were seen in @entity1083 lines only. CONCLUSION: @entity9188 , at low concentrations, inhibited HPV-E6 protein expression, leading to up-regulated @entity876 levels, induced S to G2/M arrest and apoptosis.

title: @entity4447 induces @entity5 apoptosis, but specifically targets XXXX -infected cell populations.

entities_list: @entity4447 :: ('MESH:C006632', 'Chemical') :: ['Arsenic trioxide']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour', 'HPV-infected cervical cancer', 'HPV-infected and noninfected cervical cancer', 'cancer', 'cervical cancer']

entities_list: @entity1083 :: ('MESH:D030361', 'Disease') :: ['HPV infection', 'HPV-infected cell lines CaSki and HeLa', 'HPV-infected', 'HPV-infected cell lines HeLa']

entities_list: @entity2454 :: ('MESH:C022616', 'Chemical') :: ['3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide']

entities_list: @entity1082 :: ('10566', 'Species') :: ['Human papillomavirus (HPV']

answer: @entity1082 :: (10566,Species) :: ['human papillomavirus']


abstract: Serious @entity797 @entity281 usually require combination therapy to achieve a bactericidal effect. In @entity281 , the prognosis of enterococcal etiology is considered poor, and the use of @entity581 is questioned. The @entity869 - @entity2756 combination has recently been accepted as alternative therapy for @entity884 . After one of our @entity1 with @entity884 and @entity4034 was cured with @entity869 - @entity2756 , we started a pilot study of @entity281 . @entity1 with @entity281 due to @entity797 (with two or more surgical samples or blood cultures) diagnosed during 2005 to 2008 were recruited. @entity325 with @entity869 - and @entity2756 -resistant microorganisms were excluded. @entity1 received @entity869 (8 to 16 g/day)- @entity2756 (2 to 4 g/day) and were followed up prospectively. Of 31 @entity1 with @entity797 @entity281 , 10 received @entity869 - @entity2756 . Including the first @entity1 , 11 @entity1 were treated with @entity869 - @entity2756 : 3 with @entity281 , 3 with instrumented spine arthrodesis device @entity281 , 2 with osteosynthesis device @entity281 , 1 with foot @entity4034 , and 2 with @entity4034 and @entity884 . @entity281 (55%) were polymicrobial. All cases except the @entity4034 ones required surgery, with retention of foreign material in six cases. @entity869 - @entity2756 was given for 25 days (interquartile range, 15 to 34 days), followed by @entity115 ( @entity115 ) being given to seven @entity1 (64%). One @entity1 with @entity884 died within 2 weeks ( @entity64 ) and was not evaluable. For one @entity1 with prosthesis retention, the @entity281 persisted; 9/10 @entity1 (90%) were cured, but 1 @entity1 was superinfected. Follow-up was for 21 months (interquartile range, 14 to 36 months). @entity869 - @entity2756 may be a reasonable synergistic combination to treat @entity281 due to @entity797 . Our experience, though limited, shows good outcomes and tolerability and may provide a basis for further well-designed comparative studies.

title: Pilot study of XXXX - @entity2756 combination for treatment of @entity281 due to @entity797 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2756 :: ('MESH:D002443', 'Chemical') :: ['ceftriaxone']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhagic stroke']

entities_list: @entity115 :: ('MESH:D000658', 'Chemical') :: ['amoxicillin', 'amoxicilline']

entities_list: @entity4034 :: ('MESH:D010019', 'Disease') :: ['osteomyelitis', 'vertebral osteomyelitis']

entities_list: @entity797 :: ('1351', 'Species') :: ['E. faecalis', 'Enterococcus faecalis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['prosthetic joint infections', 'infection', 'Six infections', 'orthopedic infections', 'infections']

entities_list: @entity581 :: ('MESH:D000617', 'Chemical') :: ['aminoglycosides']

entities_list: @entity325 :: ('MESH:D060085', 'Disease') :: ['Polymicrobial infections']

entities_list: @entity869 :: ('MESH:D000667', 'Chemical') :: ['ampicillin', 'Ampicillin']

entities_list: @entity884 :: ('MESH:D004696', 'Disease') :: ['enterococcal endocarditis', 'endocarditis']

answer: @entity869 :: (MESH:D000667,Chemical) :: ['ampicillin']


abstract: Modern commercial @entity1707 farrowing crates are typically equipped with slatted @entity68 floor to improve management efficiency (e.g., ease of @entity12168 , cleanliness of the farrowing crates and hence improved animal hygiene). However, the bare and hard floor surface can impair the welfare of the sow-litter because of some undesirable impacts on the @entity1707 , such as foreleg abrasion, large temperature gradients between the cold floor surface and the abdomen of the piglets (hence higher susceptibility to @entity294 ), and higher pre-weaning mortality or morbidity. Although straw bedding has been shown to be conducive to providing better environment for the sow-litter, use of straw creates challenges in terms of economics, hygiene and @entity12168 . This study investigates the use of @entity5758 mat (NM) in key areas of the farrowing crates - underneath the sow and in the piglet suckling area to improve the microenvironment and hence welfare of the sow-litter. Two experiments were conducted, each involving 12 sow-litters. The first experiment was to evaluate the thickness of a rectangular-shaped NM (7, 10 or 13 mm) vs. the slatted @entity68 floor (control or Ctrl) and collect the corresponding animal response data; while the second follow-up experiment was to verify the benefits of supplying an improved, double concave (or H)-shaped NM with 10mm thick (CNM10) vs. Ctrl for the farrowing operation. Results of both experiments demonstrated considerable benefits of the NM placement in the farrowing crates. Specifically, the NM reduced the piglet foreleg lesion area and joint swellings (0% for NM vs. 8-10% for Ctrl during suckling periods in both Expts 1 and 2, P<0.001); reduced pre-weaning piglet crushing mortality (18.5+/-5.0%, 6.7+/-3.3% and 9.1+/-5.2% and for Ctrl, NM7 and NM10 and in Expt 1, P<0.05); and reduced piglet @entity294 morbidity (0.6+/-0.2% for CNM10 vs. 2.7+/-0.3% for Ctrl in Expt 2, P<0.01). Piglets in the NM litters had smaller temperature gradients between the abdomen and the contact floor surface (3.8+/-2.3 degrees C for NM vs. 7.6+/-0.5 degrees C for Ctrl in Expt 1, P<0.001; 9.2+/-0.5 degrees C for CNM10 vs. 15.9+/-0.5 degrees C for Ctrl in Expt 2, P<0.001). Moreover, sows in the NM regimens showed longer transition time when changing from standing to lying position (7.4+/-0.3s for CNM10 vs. 4.5+/-0.2s for Ctrl in Expt 2, P<0.05), indicative of more floor comfort for the @entity558 . Results of this study suggest that supply of NM underneath the sow and in the piglet suckling area is conducive to enhancing comfort, health and welfare of the sow and litter.

title: Effects of XXXX mat on @entity294 , mortality and foreleg abrasion of pre-weaning piglets.

entities_list: @entity558 :: ('MESH:C536528', 'Disease') :: ['NM condition']

entities_list: @entity5758 :: ('MESH:D009387', 'Chemical') :: ['neoprene']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity12168 :: ('MESH:C562385', 'Disease') :: ['manure handling']

answer: @entity5758 :: (MESH:D009387,Chemical) :: ['neoprene']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Previous trials of the RTS, S @entity311 candidate vaccine have shown that this vaccine is safe, tolerated and immunogenic. The development plan for this vaccine aims at administering it in the first year of life through the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI). The objective was to evaluate the safety and reactogenicity of RTS, S/AS02D (0.5 ml dose), a pediatric formulation of GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals' current @entity311 candidate vaccine RTS, S/AS02A (0.25 ml dose). A 0.5 ml dose of AS02D is composed of the same active ingredients in the same quantities as in a 0.25 ml dose of AS02A and has been developed to be easily introduced into routine EPI practices. METHODS: We performed a phase I/IIb randomized double-blind bridging study in a @entity311 -endemic region of Mozambique, to compare the safety and immunogenicity of both candidate vaccines with the aim of replacing RTS, S/AS02A with RTS, S/AS02D as the candidate pediatric vaccine. 200 Mozambican @entity1 aged 3 to 5 years were randomized 1:1 to receive one of the 2 vaccines according to a 0, 1, 2 month schedule. RESULTS: Both vaccines were safe and had similar reactogenicity profiles. All subjects with paired pre and post-vaccination samples showed a vaccine response with respect to @entity1701 ( @entity1701 ) antibodies irrespective of initial anti- @entity1701 serostatus. Geometric mean titers (GMTs) were 191 EU/ml (95% CI 150-242) in recipients of RTS, S/AS02D compared to 180 EU/ml (95% CI 146-221) in recipients of RTS, S/AS02A. For the anti-hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), all subjects were seroprotected at day 90, and the GMTs were 23,978 mIU/ml (95% CI 17,896-32,127) in RTS, S/AS02D recipients and 17,410 mIU/ml (95% CI 13,322-22,752) in RTS, S/AS02A recipients. There was a decrease in anti- @entity1701 GMTs between months 3 and 14 in both groups (191 vs 22 EU/mL in RTS, S/AS02D group and 180 vs 29 EU/mL in RTS, S/AS02A group). CONCLUSION: Our data show that the RTS, S/AS02D is safe, well tolerated, and demonstrates @entity75 (defined as upper limit of the 95% confidence interval of the anti- @entity1701 GMT ratio of RTS, S/AS02A to RTS, S/AS02D below 3.0) of the antibody responses to circumsporozoite and HBsAg induced by the RTS, S/AS02D as compared to the RTS, S/AS02A.

title: Evaluation of two formulations of adjuvanted RTS, S XXXX vaccine in @entity1 aged 3 to 5 years living in a @entity311 -endemic region of Mozambique: a Phase I/IIb randomized double-blind bridging trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['non-inferiority']

entities_list: @entity1701 :: ('MESH:D016736', 'Disease') :: ['CS', 'anti-circumsporozoite']

answer: @entity311 :: (MESH:D008288,Disease) :: ['malaria']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity63 -reperfusion injury related to donation after @entity204 is a crucial issue in transplantation. Because surfactant function deteriorates in lungs during @entity63 , we hypothesized pre-recovery surfactant inhalation would mitigate @entity63 -reperfusion injury. METHODS: We rendered donor @entity235 cardiac dead and left them at room temperature. All animals received ventilation for 60 minutes starting at 240 minutes after @entity1167 . The animals were divided into 2 groups: NS (normal saline, n = 7) group, which received aerosolized normal saline, and SF (surfactant; n = 5), which received aerosolized surfactant. The lungs were flushed and procured, and the left lung was transplanted into recipient @entity235 . At 45 minutes of reperfusion, the right pulmonary artery was ligated, and the left transplanted lung function was evaluated. RESULTS: In the NS group, 2 of 7 @entity235 died at 75 minutes after reperfusion, whereas all 5 animals in the SF group survived for 240 minutes after reperfusion. The SF group showed significantly better dynamic compliance, oxygenation, and wet-to-dry weight ratio. Furthermore, the SF group had higher levels of high-energy @entity6546 in the lung tissues and lower levels of @entity7260 , @entity5 @entity39 factor-a, and protein in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Histologically, the lungs in the SF group showed fewer signs of @entity4 and @entity548 and significantly less neutrophilic sequestration than those of the NS group. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicated pre-recovery surfactant inhalation improved graft function, maintained @entity1708 levels, and prevented @entity8025 , resulting in the attenuation of @entity63 -reperfusion injury.

title: Protective effect of pre-recovery surfactant inhalation on lungs donated after @entity204 in a XXXX lung transplantation model.

entities_list: @entity1708 :: ('CHEBI:61293', 'Chemical') :: ['adenine nucleotide']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['Warm ischemia', 'warm ischemia']

entities_list: @entity6546 :: ('MESH:D010710', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphates']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['interstitial edema']

entities_list: @entity8025 :: ('MESH:C536590', 'Disease') :: ['alveolar-capillary barrier leakage']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrest']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac death']

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['canine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The effect of chemotherapy combined with monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) on the immune state of the @entity5 environment remains unclear and controversial. The aim of this study is to examine the effect of chemotherapy combined with cetuximab (C225, an anti- @entity470 mAb) on the immune state of @entity5 environment, and the correlation of that effect and the clinical efficacy. METHODS: Twelve @entity1 with @entity14 , who received the treatment of chemotherapy combined with C225, were enrolled in this study. The @entity5 specimen of the primary @entity14 before and after treatment was obtained. The expression of a series of immune factors ( @entity2533 , @entity405 , @entity1199 , @entity310 , and @entity7 ) was measured by immunochemistry. The expression of these immune factors before and after treatment was compared by the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The correlation of the change of immune parameter expression after treatment and clinical efficacy was examined by chi-square tests. The correlation of the expression of immune factors, clinical efficacy, and treatment number was examined by the Spearman's correlation analysis. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between the expression of @entity2533 before and after the treatment (P >0.05). The change of @entity2533 expression after treatment significantly correlated negatively with clinical efficacy (P = 0.05). As for @entity405 , @entity1199 , @entity7 , and @entity310 , there were no significant differences between the expression before and after the treatment (P >0.05), and the change of expression after treatment also did not correlate significantly with clinical efficacy (P >0.05). The change of @entity1199 expression after treatment significantly correlated negatively with treatment number (correlation coefficient = -0.585, P = 0.046). The change of @entity2533 expression after treatment significantly correlated negatively with clinical efficacy (correlation coefficient = -0.684, P = 0.014). Before treatment, the expression of @entity310 significantly correlated positively with the expression of @entity1199 (correlation coefficient = 0.629, P = 0.028). After treatment, the expression of @entity2533 significantly correlated negatively with the expression of @entity405 (correlation coefficient = -0.664, P = 0.019). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggested that, in the @entity5 environment, the change of immune factors after treatment of cetuximab combined with chemotherapy may be associated with clinical efficacy.

title: Evaluation of the immune factors in the XXXX environment before and after the treatment of cetuximab combined with chemotherapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumor']


abstract: @entity1707 were equipped with closed cranial windows to measure @entity224 anion generation in response to blood placed on the cerebral cortex. @entity224 dismutase (SOD)-inhibitable @entity2387 ( @entity10000 ) reduction was measured in the presence of 1) artificial @entity27623 ) homologous nonheparinized blood (blood), and 3) blood after treatment with @entity3352 . SOD-inhibitable NBT reduction was increased significantly in the blood group compared with control, whereas piglets pretreated with @entity3352 had significantly less SOD-inhibitable NBT reduction. This suggests that @entity224 anion is generated by extravascular blood and that this @entity224 anion generation can be inhibited by @entity3352 . To investigate the cellular origin of @entity224 anion generation, SOD-inhibitable NBT reduction was measured during incubation with piglet whole blood or its components in vitro. The SOD-inhibitable NBT reduction of nonheparinized whole blood was 30 +/- 5.7 nmol.ml-1.20 min-1. This decreased to 2.5 +/- 1.3 nmol.ml-1.20 min-1 in the presence of @entity3352 . SOD-inhibitable NBT reduction of @entity857 -stimulated platelet-rich plasma was 25.6 +/- 2.9 nmol.400 X 10(6) cells-1.20 min-1 and was decreased significantly (6.8 +/- 3.0 nmol.400 X 10(6) cells-1.20 min-1) in the presence of @entity3352 . SOD-inhibitable NBT reduction by granulocytes was significant but unchanged by @entity3352 . Similarly, SOD-inhibitable NBT reduction by lymphocytes and monocytes was unaffected by @entity3352 . Reduction by the red cell fraction was small. These results suggest that substantial quantities of @entity224 anion are generated via the platelet cyclooxygenase pathway of @entity1426 metabolism.

title: Blood-induced XXXX anion generation on the cerebral cortex of newborn @entity1707 .

entities_list: @entity2387 :: ('MESH:D009580', 'Chemical') :: ['nitro blue tetrazolium']

entities_list: @entity1426 :: ('MESH:D016718', 'Chemical') :: ['arachidonic acid']

entities_list: @entity3352 :: ('MESH:D007213', 'Chemical') :: ['indomethacin']

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide', 'Superoxide']

answer: @entity224 :: (MESH:D013481,Chemical) :: ['superoxide']


abstract: The aim of present study was to assess the effects of chronic administration of @entity460 - @entity1760 soft gels on the development of @entity1286 tolerance and @entity734 in @entity19 . Tolerance was assessed using the tail-pinch test and withdrawal signs of @entity1286 were precipitated by injecting @entity1510 2 h after the final @entity1286 injection. CalMag capsules were given in final doses of 50/25, 25/12.5 and 12.5/6.25 @entity4612 /kg based on @entity460 / @entity1760 ratio. Similar doses of @entity9495 and/or @entity4612 were prepared, separately. CalMag at 50/25, 25/12.5 @entity4612 /kg and the mixture of @entity460 and @entity1760 ( @entity9495 + @entity4612 ) at 50/25, 25/12.5, 12.5/6.25 @entity4612 /kg and @entity460 at 50, 25 @entity4612 /kg significantly reduced the number of jumps. The number of standings was only reduced after the administration of CalMag at 50/25 @entity4612 /kg and @entity9495 + @entity4612 at 25/12.5 @entity4612 /kg. The development of @entity1286 tolerance was prevented in all drug-treated groups, except the one which received 6.25 @entity4612 /kg @entity4612 . The data suggested that combination of @entity460 and @entity1760 at 50/25 and 25/12.5 @entity4612 /kg prevented the development of tolerance and @entity734 . It seems that other ingredients of CalMag capsules do not have an important effect on preventing tolerance and withdrawal signs. Compared to the acute effects, chronic administration of Cal-Mag allowed the effective dose to be reduced. Unlike the acute treatment, chronic administration of @entity460 alone was effective in reducing @entity1286 tolerance and @entity734 , and @entity1760 had no significant effect on withdrawal signs, suggestive of some pharmacological adaptations.

title: Effects of chronic administration of @entity460 - @entity1760 soft gels on @entity1286 tolerance and XXXX in @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity1510 :: ('MESH:D009270', 'Chemical') :: ['naloxone']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['dependence']

entities_list: @entity1760 :: ('MESH:D008274', 'Chemical') :: ['magnesium']

answer: @entity734 :: (MESH:D019966,Disease) :: ['dependence']