abstract: BACKGROUND: Return to work is an important outcome following traumatic work-related @entity5883 . It is unclear how psychosocial factors affect the time to return to work following traumatic work-related @entity5883 . AIMS: To investigate the relationships between @entity5883 severity, self-perceived health, demographics and @entity1054 ( @entity1054 ) following traumatic work-related @entity5883 and the influence of psychosocial factors on the readiness of return to work. METHODS: Data from 120 traumatic work-related hand injured @entity1 were gathered. The Modified Hand Injury Severity Score (MHISS) and Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) were used to assess the severity of hand @entity130 and self-perceived health, respectively. The relationships between MHISS, SF-36, demographics and @entity1054 were analysed by multiple regression analysis. RESULTS: Mean duration of @entity1054 was 127 days for @entity1 with a mild MHISS, 108 days for a moderate score, 160 days for a severe score and 236 days for those with a major score. A positive correlation between MHISS and duration of @entity1054 was identified. Self-perceived physical functioning was found to have a negative correlation with @entity1054 , whereas self-perceived mental health was positively correlated with @entity1054 . CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights the importance of self-perceived health in considering return to work following traumatic work-related @entity5883 .

title: Self-perceived health and return to work following work-related XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1054 :: ('MESH:D000377', 'Disease') :: ['TOW', 'time off work']

entities_list: @entity5883 :: ('MESH:D006230', 'Disease') :: ['hand injury', 'hand injuries']

answer: @entity5883 :: (MESH:D006230,Disease) :: ['hand injury']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1563 ( @entity1563 ) impairs endothelial function of distal collateral-dependent microvasculature; however, long-term exercise training (EX) seems to improve @entity409 . We hypothesized that EX enhances vasodilation responses to @entity7 ( @entity1655 ), mediated via @entity842 (NO), in arterioles exposed to @entity1563 . METHODS AND RESULTS: The proximal left circumflex coronary artery (LCx) of female Yucatan miniswine was surgically instrumented with an ameroid occluder to induce @entity1563 ; 8 weeks after surgery, animals were randomized into 14-week sedentary (SED) or EX (treadmill; 5 d/wk) protocols. Coronary arterioles ( approximately 100 microm in diameter) were isolated from collateral-dependent (LCx) and nonoccluded (left anterior descending; LAD) perfused myocardium of SED and EX animals. Vasodilation was assessed by videomicroscopy and MacLab data acquisition. Responses to @entity1655 were unaffected by EX in nonoccluded LAD arterioles; in contrast, EX markedly enhanced @entity1655 -induced vasodilation of collateral-dependent LCx arterioles (P<0.05; EX versus SED). Furthermore, @entity1655 -induced vasodilation of EX LCx arterioles exceeded that of EX or SED LAD arterioles (P<0.05). Enhanced vasodilation of EX LCx arterioles was abolished by inhibition of NO synthase and @entity669 kinase activity. Combined inhibition of NO synthase and cyclooxygenase decreased @entity1655 -induced vasodilation of all vessels. CONCLUSIONS: EX enhances @entity1655 -induced vasodilation in arterioles distal to @entity1563 ; EX effects seem to be mediated through increases in NO.

title: Exercise training enhances vasodilation responses to @entity7 in porcine coronary arterioles exposed to chronic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity7 :: ('7422', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor']

entities_list: @entity1563 :: ('MESH:D054059', 'Disease') :: ['CCO', 'Chronic coronary occlusion']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['endothelial dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

answer: @entity1563 :: (MESH:D054059,Disease) :: ['coronary occlusion']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity16087 ( @entity16087 ) is a group of rare @entity74 that variably affect a wide range of organs derived from the neuroectoderm. The key diagnostic feature is sparse, brittle, @entity599 deficient hair that has a ' @entity7928 -tail' banding pattern under polarising light microscopy. @entity1 AND METHODS: We describe two male cousins affected by @entity16087 associated with @entity4242 , profound @entity717 , sparse brittle hair, aged appearance, @entity851 , @entity154 , @entity410 , an @entity2015 , @entity4903 , @entity15405 and partial absence of the @entity6789 , in the absence of cellular photosensitivity and @entity5657 . Obligate female carriers showed 100% skewed X-chromosome inactivation. Linkage analysis and Sanger sequencing of 737 X-chromosome exons and whole exome sequencing was used to find the responsible gene and mutation. RESULTS: Linkage analysis localised the disease allele to a 7.75   Mb interval from Xq23-q25. We identified a nonsense mutation in the highly conserved @entity60453 gene ( @entity60454 , p.Q301*). The mutation segregated with the disease in the family and was not observed in over 100   000 control X chromosomes. The mutation markedly reduced @entity60453 protein expression in extracts from lymphoblastoid cell lines derived from the affected individuals. CONCLUSIONS: The association of @entity60453 mutation with non-photosensitive @entity16087 identifies a new locus for these disorders on the X chromosome. The extended phenotype within this family includes @entity7961 , @entity2321 marmorata and congenital short oesophagus.

title: A novel X-linked trichothiodystrophy associated with a nonsense mutation in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['facial dysmorphism']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['intellectual disability']

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['short stature']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures']

entities_list: @entity15405 :: ('MESH:C562568', 'Disease') :: ['cerebellar hypoplasia']

entities_list: @entity4242 :: ('MESH:D008831', 'Disease') :: ['microcephaly']

entities_list: @entity4903 :: ('MESH:D004700', 'Disease') :: ['multiple endocrine abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity5657 :: ('MESH:D007057', 'Disease') :: ['ichthyosis']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['autosomal recessive disorders']

entities_list: @entity16087 :: ('MESH:D054463', 'Disease') :: ['Trichothiodystrophy', 'TTD']

entities_list: @entity7961 :: ('MESH:C580003', 'Disease') :: ['panhypopituitarism']

entities_list: @entity6789 :: ('MESH:D061085', 'Disease') :: ['corpus callosum']

entities_list: @entity2015 :: ('MESH:D004406', 'Disease') :: ['immunoglobulin deficiency']

answer: @entity60453 :: (7737,Gene) :: ['RNF113A']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The cerebellum integrates proprioceptive, vestibular and visual signals for postural control. Cerebellar @entity1 with @entity346 ( @entity346 ) complain of unsteadiness of stance and gait as well as blurred @entity227 . OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to elucidate the differential role of visual input, gaze eccentricity, vestibular and proprioceptive input on the postural stability in a large cohort of cerebellar @entity1 with @entity346 , in comparison to healthy age-matched control subjects. METHODS: Oculomotor ( @entity346 , smooth pursuit eye movements) and postural (postural sway speed) parameters were recorded and related to each other and volumetric changes of the cerebellum (voxel-based morphometry, SPM). RESULTS: Twenty-seven @entity1 showed larger postural instability in all experimental conditions. Postural sway increased with @entity346 in the eyes closed condition but not with the eyes open. Romberg's ratio remained stable and was not different from healthy controls. Postural sway did not change with gaze position or graviceptive input. It increased with attenuated proprioceptive input and on tandem stance in both groups but Romberg's ratio also did not differ. @entity76 (vermal lobule VI, @entity797 ) correlated with the severity of impaired smooth pursuit eye movements of @entity346 @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity6447 @entity1 with @entity346 cannot be explained by impaired visual feedback. Despite oscillopsia visual feedback control on cerebellar postural control seems to be preserved as postural sway was strongest on @entity227 . The increase in @entity2055 is neither related to modulations of single components characterizing @entity346 nor to deprivation of single sensory (visual, proprioceptive) inputs usually stabilizing stance. Re-weighting of multisensory signals and/or inappropriate cerebellar motor commands might account for this @entity2055 .

title: XXXX in Cerebellar Downbeat Nystagmus: Its Relation to Visual, Proprioceptive and Vestibular Signals and @entity76 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual deprivation', 'vision and oscillopsia']

entities_list: @entity76 :: ('MESH:D002526', 'Disease') :: ['Cerebellar atrophy']

entities_list: @entity6447 :: ('MESH:D002524', 'Disease') :: ['Postural ataxia of cerebellar']

entities_list: @entity346 :: ('MESH:D009759', 'Disease') :: ['DBN', 'downbeat nystagmus', 'nystagmus']

entities_list: @entity2055 :: ('MESH:D001259', 'Disease') :: ['postural ataxia']

answer: @entity2055 :: (MESH:D001259,Disease) :: ['Postural Ataxia']


abstract: This study is designed to evaluate radiological, clinical, and pathological findings of @entity3069 complex (MAC) @entity1729 . Two-hundreds of non-tuberculous mycobacteria obtained from upper respiratory tract were collected. Among them, 88 cases were selected according to the strict diagnostic criteria of MAC and chest CT findings were evaluated in 67 cases. In addition, successive chest CT findings were evaluated in 25 cases with MAC @entity1729 . Furthermore, pathological findings were evaluated in 9 surgically-resected lung specimens. Fever, hemoptysis, and @entity1353 were more frequently observed in smear-positive @entity1 than in smear-negative, culture-positive @entity1 . Centrilobular nodules and @entity4595 are frequent observations in @entity1 with MAC. In addition, cavity formation was more frequently observed in smear-positive @entity1 compared with smear negative-cases. Since the score of @entity4595 in the second CT was significantly higher than in the first CT, progression of @entity4595 appeared to be caused by MAC infection. Pathologically, extensive @entity738 formation throughout the airways was clearly demonstrated. Immunohistochemical staining demonstrated: 1) epithelioid cells and giant cells; and 2) myofibroblasts extensively infiltrating the cavity wall. When @entity738 was initially formed, no myofibroblasts were found, but as caseous @entity39 appeared, the thin epithelioid cell layer was detected and the outer myofibroblast layer gradually became thick. In the cavitary wall, the layer of epithelioid cells and multinucleated giant cells surrounded @entity39 , and was associated with the outer layer of myofibroblasts. In addition, the anti- @entity2533 antibody stained the cytoplasm of epithelioid cells and multinucleated giant cells, preceding the advent of myofibroblasts.

title: [Clinical, radiological, and pathological findings of non-tuberculous mycobacteria XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity738 :: ('MESH:D006099', 'Disease') :: ['granuloma']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity4595 :: ('MESH:D001987', 'Disease') :: ['bronchiectasis']

entities_list: @entity1729 :: ('MESH:D012141', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory infection']

entities_list: @entity3069 :: ('1764', 'Species') :: ['Mycobacterium avium']

answer: @entity1729 :: (MESH:D012141,Disease) :: ['respiratory infection']


abstract: PURPOSE: Percutaneously inserted central venous catheters are widely used. Catheter-related @entity2259 or @entity12045 is the most frequent serious complication of these catheters. In an attempt to reduce the frequency of such infections, a subcutaneous cuff constructed of a biodegradable collagen matrix impregnated with bactericidal @entity575 was developed. Our goal was to assess, in a multicenter clinical trial, the effectiveness of this cuff in preventing @entity1212 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Central venous catheters needed for fluid or drug therapy, hemodynamic monitoring, or hyperalimentation in @entity1 in three centers were randomly assigned to be inserted with or without the cuff. @entity1 and catheters in the two groups were comparable in terms of risk factors predisposing to @entity281 , including colonization of skin about the insertion site. RESULTS: The results with 234 catheters inserted into a new site showed that catheters inserted with the cuff were threefold less likely to be colonized on removal (more than 15 colony-forming units) than were control catheters (28.9 percent versus 9.1 percent, p = 0.002) and were nearly fourfold less likely to produce @entity2259 (3.7 percent versus 1.0 percent). Adverse effects from the cuff were not seen. The cuff did not confer protection, however against @entity281 with catheters inserted over a guidewire into old sites. Most of the catheter-related infections identified in this study, including four of the six @entity2259 , appear to have been caused by microorganisms colonizing skin about the insertion site, affirming the pathogenetic basis for benefit seen with the cuff in this clinical trial; two may have derived from contamination of the catheter hub. CONCLUSION: This novel, @entity575 -impregnated, attachable cuff can substantially reduce the incidence of @entity1212 with most percutaneously inserted central venous catheters, can extend the time catheters can be left in place safely, and can prove cost-beneficial.

title: An attachable @entity575 -impregnated cuff for prevention of XXXX with central venous catheters: a prospective randomized multicenter trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1212 :: ('MESH:D055499', 'Disease') :: ['catheter-related infection']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity2259 :: ('MESH:D016470', 'Disease') :: ['bacteremia', 'bacteremias']

answer: @entity281 :: (MESH:D007239,Disease) :: ['infection']


abstract: PURPOSE: To report our experience of transperitoneal laparoscopic plasty for reconstruction in @entity1 with @entity8 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 12 @entity1 with the symptomatic @entity8 who presented to our institution from March 2005 to July 2008 and underwent laparoscopic reconstruction for @entity8 . Computed tomography angiography was performed prior to surgery for evaluation of the anatomic variations, since preoperative knowledge is necessary for achieving reliable vascular control. Five @entity1 had @entity1290 which were extracted during surgery. All laparoscopic operations were performed by the same urologist. RESULTS: All procedures were completed successfully and no one needed for conversion to open surgery. Mean operative time was 150 min and no major complications were observed. The average follow-up time was 28.7 months. All @entity1 had good renal function and improved drainage with successful reconstruction. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic reconstruction has since been demonstrated to be an attractive alternative in the management of the @entity8 . It provides a feasible and effective alternative to conventional manage  ment.

title: Laparoscopic plasty for reconstruction of symptomatic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['horseshoe kidney']

entities_list: @entity1290 :: ('MESH:D007669', 'Disease') :: ['renal stones']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['horseshoe kidney']


abstract: A @entity2996 ( @entity2996 ) examination has reportedly produced @entity458 such as discomfort, @entity148 and fear in a certain number of @entity1 . In an attempt to prevent such distress during an @entity2996 , the authors took the following psychological measures: 1) improved psychological support for @entity1 by @entity2996 technicians; 2) providing sufficient information to @entity1 about the imager and the nature of the examination; 3) reassurance of the safety, with the @entity1 free to terminate the examination at any time; 4) environmental modification to induce relaxation, including recorded music, paintings and live plants in the examination room. We then evaluated the effectiveness of these combined psychological support factors for all @entity2996 @entity1 . A questionnaire on @entity458 experienced during an @entity2996 was filled out by 143 @entity1 (mean age, 49.4 years) and 105 @entity1 (mean age, 48.4 years) prior to and after our psychological measures, respectively, after @entity2996 test in Saiseikai Nakatsu hospital, and comparisons made between these two groups (chi 2 test, p < 0.05). The number of @entity1 experiencing @entity458 during an @entity2996 was significantly decreased (50.5%) after the measures were implemented as compared to the number (64.3%) beforehand. In particular, female, 60 or older @entity1 and @entity1 examined for the first time showed significant decreases in experiencing @entity458 after the measures were implemented. The number of @entity1 who reported distress, tended to decrease. @entity1 who developed certain symptoms, such as palpitation, also tended to decrease. @entity1 who reported the "long examination time" as a distress factor and those who developed palpitation during the examination significantly decreased. Our results indicate that these combined psychological measures are efficacious in reducing @entity458 during an @entity2996 , mainly by curtailing the @entity1 's subjective sense of examination time. In addition to an @entity2996 examination, our psychological measures should be applied to other medical examinations which tend to generate undue @entity458 .

title: [An attempt to prevent @entity458 induced by XXXX : effectiveness of psychological interventions].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['psychological distress']

entities_list: @entity2996 :: ('MESH:C564543', 'Disease') :: ['MRI', 'magnetic resonance imaging']

answer: @entity2996 :: (MESH:C564543,Disease) :: ['magnetic resonance imaging']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity4585 is a rare extramedullary solid @entity5 comprised of immature myeloid precursor cells, most commonly associated with @entity3052 ( @entity3052 ). We present the case of a @entity1 with a history of @entity8190 and @entity3052 who presented with @entity4585 causing acute @entity1745 . CASE DESCRIPTION: The @entity1 was a 20-year-old @entity1 who presented with acute onset @entity425 and @entity1183 in his lower extremities. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a thoracic dorsal epidural mass. Despite the history of @entity3052 , we elected to forego image-guided biopsy and up-front radiation due to the rapidly progressive nature of his @entity602 . Immediate surgical decompression was performed, but the @entity1 had recurrence of @entity5 leading to further compression 13 days postoperatively. Subsequently, emergent radiation was performed, leading to resolution of @entity1745 and @entity66 control. CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, there are no randomized controlled trials examining the appropriate timing for postoperative radiation. Because most typical neuro-oncologic cases have no need for immediate postoperative radiation, our practice has been to wait 14 days to initiate postoperative radiation to ensure wound healing. One unique feature of our case was the rapid recurrence of symptoms due to @entity5 progression. Given this observation, we believe that radiation therapy should be considered as soon as possible after confirmatory pathology diagnosis for @entity1 presenting with @entity16 due to @entity4585 of the spine.

title: Aggressive @entity4585 Causing Recurrent XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['local disease']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological compromise']

entities_list: @entity602 :: ('MESH:D013118', 'Disease') :: ['myelopathy']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['weakness']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['AML', 'acute myelogenous leukemia']

entities_list: @entity8190 :: ('MESH:C537330', 'Disease') :: ['Shwachman-Diamond syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1745 :: ('MESH:D013117', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord compression', 'cord compression']

entities_list: @entity4585 :: ('MESH:D023981', 'Disease') :: ['myeloid sarcoma', 'Myeloid sarcoma']

answer: @entity1745 :: (MESH:D013117,Disease) :: ['Spinal Cord Compression']


abstract: The commensal microbiota of the @entity1 gastrointestinal tract live in a largely stable community structure, assisting in host physiological and immunological functions. Changes to this structure can be injurious to the health of the host, a concept termed @entity6636 . Psychological stress is a factor that has been implicated in causing @entity6636 , and studies performed by our lab have shown that restraint stress can indeed shift the cecal microbiota structure as well as increase the severity of a @entity694 caused by @entity42309 . However, this study, like many others, have focused on fecal contents when examining the effect of @entity6636 -causing stimuli (e.g. psychological stress) upon the microbiota. Since the mucosa-associated microbiota have unique properties and functions that can act upon the host, it is important to understand how stressor exposure might affect this niche of bacteria. To begin to understand whether chronic restraint stress changes the mucosa-associated and/or luminal microbiota @entity19 underwent 7 16-hour cycles of restraint stress, and the microbiota of both colonic tissue and fecal contents were analyzed by sequencing using next-gen bacterial tag-encoded FLX amplicon technology (bTEFAP) pyrosequencing. Both control and stress groups had significantly different mucosa-associated and luminal microbiota communities, highlighting the importance of focusing gastrointestinal community structure analysis by microbial niche. Furthermore, restraint stress was able to disrupt both the mucosa-associated and luminally-associated colonic microbiota by shifting the relative abundances of multiple groups of bacteria. Among these changes, there was a significant reduction in the immunomodulatory commensal genus Lactobacillus associated with @entity694 . The relative abundance of Lactobacillus spp. was not affected in the lumen. These results indicate that stressor-exposure can have distinct effects upon the colonic microbiota situated at the mucosal epithelium in comparison to the luminal-associated microbiota.

title: The structures of the XXXX -associated and luminal microbial communities are distinct and differentially affected by a prolonged @entity19 stressor.

entities_list: @entity6636 :: ('MESH:D064806', 'Disease') :: ['dysbiosis']

entities_list: @entity42309 :: ('67825', 'Species') :: ['Citrobacter rodentium']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colonic mucosa', 'colonic infection']

answer: @entity694 :: (MESH:D003110,Disease) :: ['colonic mucosa']


abstract: Previous reports suggest that low-density lipoprotein @entity165 ( @entity11429 ) is associated with @entity731 plaque initiation while cigarette smoking is more associated with plaque progression. The role of @entity6 and progression is not clear. The aim of this study was to confirm and extend these findings. Among 6384 @entity1 and @entity1 aged 45-84 free of clinical @entity65 , subclinical @entity731 severity was classified on the basis of ultrasound measures of @entity543 and thickness and the ankle-brachial blood pressure index of lower extremity @entity455 . Carotid plaques were classified as echolucent or echogenic. Distensibility was calculated from the change in carotid diameter over the cardiac cycle. The smoking association with minimal, moderate, and more severe disease was progressive, estimated as equivalent to @entity11429 effects of 40, 85 and 238 mg/dl respectively. @entity11429 was relatively more associated with echolucent plaques; smoking with echogenic plaques. @entity6 was associated with carotid stiffness, whereas smoking was associated with greater distensibility. The results, together with pathological literature, suggest that @entity11429 may be of key importance both in plaque initiation and vulnerability to rupture, whereas smoking may relate to plaque progression to thicker, more @entity82 . @entity6 contributes uniquely to arterial stiffness.

title: Smoking, @entity6 , and blood @entity165 differ in their associations with subclinical XXXX : the Multiethnic Study of @entity731 (MESA).

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['arterial disease']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrous lesions']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetes', 'diabetes in plaque initiation']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity543 :: ('MESH:D016893', 'Disease') :: ['carotid stenosis']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity731 :: (MESH:D050197,Disease) :: ['atherosclerosis']


abstract: The intramuscular technique has been the most popular technique among plastic surgeons for gluteal implantation. Complication rates of up to 30% including @entity281 , @entity1410 , @entity2080 , and dehiscence are reported in several studies. One main question that arises is whether the wound dehiscence occurs first followed by @entity281 . We present a case study of 3 @entity1 who received gluteal augmentation. We used an alternative technique in closure of the gluteal flap which included the use of retention sutures along the sacral incision. Follow-up included postoperative day 2, every week for 6 weeks, and then every month for 6 months. Postoperatively @entity1 were advised to not sleep in supine position for 3 weeks and avoid pressure to the area. The 3 @entity1 remained @entity281 free at 2 days and weekly for 6 weeks. The use of retention sutures along the flap closure site may be a useful and simple technique to avoid high @entity281 rates that have been reported in the literature. We plan to apply this technique to all of our future gluteal augmentations and track long-term results. Preventing complications will result in improved aesthetic results, increased @entity1 satisfaction, less frequent office visits, and less financial @entity24734 @entity1 and physician.

title: Case study: reduction of XXXX rates with use of retention sutures.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection or vice versa', 'gluteal implant infection', 'infection']

entities_list: @entity24734 :: ('MESH:C535620', 'Disease') :: ['cost to both']

answer: @entity281 :: (MESH:D007239,Disease) :: ['gluteal implant infection']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine ocular surface abnormalities in @entity6716 . METHODS: We prospectively studied the ocular surface in nine consecutive @entity1 (18 eyes) with virtually total @entity6716 . Of the 18 eyes, two eyes (two @entity1 ) were excluded from the study because severe @entity16 was likely to be the main cause of their @entity2687 . Six volunteers whose eye examinations yielded normal results served as control subjects. Detailed slit-lamp biomicroscopic examinations were performed to assess corneal findings and confirm the presence or absence of the palisades of Vogt. Goblet cell density on the peripheral corneal epithelium and inferior conjunctival epithelium was calculated via impression cytology and was statistically compared between @entity735 . RESULTS: All 16 @entity735 had superficial corneal opacification and vascularization of either the peripheral or entire @entity267 . Palisades of Vogt were completely absent all around the limbal area. Goblet cell density on the peripheral @entity267 and inferior conjunctiva showed a statistically significant @entity735 (226 +/- 169 cells/ @entity202 and 406 +/- 203 cells/ @entity202 ), as compared with the control eyes (O cells/ @entity202 and 181 +/- 89 cells/ @entity202 ) (P = .0005 and P = .0102). CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that, in the @entity735 , conjunctival epithelium invades the @entity267 because of corneal epithelial stem cell deficiency.

title: XXXX in @entity6716 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['surgical damage']

entities_list: @entity735 :: ('MESH:D005124', 'Disease') :: ['aniridic eyes and control eyes', 'aniridic eyes', 'increase in the aniridic eyes', 'aniridic eye']

entities_list: @entity2687 :: ('MESH:D003316', 'Disease') :: ['corneal abnormalities']

answer: @entity735 :: (MESH:D005124,Disease) :: ['Ocular surface abnormalities']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Bone strength index (BSI) combines bone mineral and bone biomechanical properties to measure resistance to bending. This index may have greater clinical significance than the more often described markers of bone mineral content (BMC), areal density, or geometry alone and, in turn, may show a stronger relation to @entity174 risk. The BSI is the product of volumetric cortical @entity79 ( @entity79 ) and cross sectional moment of inertia within a region of interest. Calculations combine dual energy x ray absorptiometry and magnetic resonance imaging technologies and provide a useful, non-invasive measure of in vivo bone strength. OBJECTIVES: (a) To compare BSI in adolescent female middle distance runners and age matched controls; (b) to examine factors predictive of BSI in adolescent @entity1 . METHODS: Twenty adolescent female middle distance runners (mean (SD) age 16 (1.7) years, physical activity 8.9 (2.1) hours a week) and 20 female controls (age 16 (1.8) years, physical activity 2.0 (0.07) hours a week) were recruited. To calculate BSI, a region of interest representing 10% of the mid-distal tibia was analysed for dual energy x ray absorptiometry derived BMC and was combined with bone geometry and biomechanical properties obtained by magnetic resonance imaging assessments. Potential predictors of BSI were also examined. RESULTS: Independent t tests showed that BMC (p = 0.028), cortical bone volume (p = 0.002), volumetric cortical @entity79 (p = 0.004), cross sectional moments of inertia (p = 0.005), and BSI (p = 0.002) were higher in the distal tibia of athletes than of controls. The strongest predictor of BSI was hours of physical activity a week (R2 = 0.46). CONCLUSIONS: Athletes habitually exposed to high training loads displayed greater BSI at the distal tibia than controls. The results further confirm BSI as a significant and discerning marker in musculoskeletal health in adolescent @entity1 engaged in high and low mechanical loading.

title: Bone strength index in adolescent XXXX : does physical activity make a difference?

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone mineral density', 'BMD']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['girls']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The genetics of spikelet formation, a feature unique to grasses such as @entity579 and @entity2829 , is yet to be fully understood, although a number of meristem and organ identity mutants have been isolated and investigated in @entity958 and @entity2829 . Using a two-element Ac/Ds transposon tagging system we have isolated a @entity579 mutant, designated branched floretless 1 (bfl1) which is defective in the transition from spikelet meristem to floret meristem. RESULTS: The bfl1 mutant shows normal differentiation of the primary rachis-branches leading to initial spikelet meristem (bract-like structure equivalent to rudimentary glumes) formation but fails to develop empty glumes and florets. Instead, axillary meristems in the bract-like structure produce sequential alternate branching, thus resulting in a coral shaped morphology of the branches in the developing panicle. The bfl1 mutant harbours a single Ds insertion in the upstream region of the BFL1 gene on chromosome 7 corresponding to PAC clone P0625E02 (GenBank Acc No. message URL http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve_db= @entity377 _list_uids=34395191_dopt=GenBank_term=ap004570AP004570). RT-PCR analyses revealed a drastic reduction of BFL1 transcript levels in the bfl1 mutant compared to that in the wild-type. In each of the normal panicle-bearing progeny plants, from occasional revertant seeds of the vegetatively-propagated mutant plant, Ds was shown to be excised from the bfl1 locus. BFL1 contains an EREBP/AP2 domain and is most likely an ortholog of the @entity2829 transcription factor gene BRANCHED SILKLESS1 ( @entity62480 ). CONCLUSIONS: bfl1 is a Ds-tagged @entity579 mutant defective in the transition from spikelet meristem (SM) to floret meristem (FM). BFL1 is most probably a @entity579 ortholog of the @entity2829 ERF (EREBP/AP2) transcription factor gene @entity62480 . Based on the similarities in mutant phenotypes bfl1 is likely to be an allele of the previously reported frizzy panicle locus.

title: Ds tagging of BRANCHED FLORETLESS 1 (BFL1) that mediates the transition from spikelet to floret meristem in @entity579 ( XXXX ).

entities_list: @entity958 :: ('3702', 'Species') :: ['Arabidopsis']

entities_list: @entity377 :: ('CHEBI:36976', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotide']

answer: @entity579 :: (4530,Species) :: ['Oryza sativa L']


abstract: The sonographic parameters in @entity101 ( @entity101 ) were examined in a consecutive population of 118 @entity1 who had @entity101 diagnosed using specific endoscopic, sonographic and Doppler signs. A patent or enlarged paraumbilical vein was found in 85.6% of @entity1 overall and 82.5% of @entity1 with varices indicating a relatively high sensitivity. A portal vein diameter greater than or equal to 13mm was found in only 41.1% and greater than or equal to 15mm in only 20% of @entity1 . A thrombosed portal vein and reversed portal vein flow were present in 3.4% and 5.3% of @entity1 respectively. These signs have only been reported in the context of @entity101 and are felt to be specific for @entity101 , but both have a very low sensitivity. Portal vein velocities were highly variable suggesting that this is not a useful predictor of @entity101 . @entity381 was found in only 53.5% of @entity1 demonstrating its poor sensitivity as a sign of @entity101 . Varices were found in 73.3% of @entity1 overall, and in 100% of @entity1 with a patent or enlarged paraumbilical vein combined with ascites. No other statistically significant correlation between varices and sonographic findings was demonstrated. We conclude that the presence of a patent or enlarged paraumbilical vein is a practical, useful and sensitive ultrasound sign to look for in the diagnosis of @entity101 .

title: Duplex Doppler ultrasound signs of XXXX : relative diagnostic value of examination of paraumbilical vein, portal vein and spleen.

entities_list: @entity381 :: ('MESH:D013163', 'Disease') :: ['Splenomegaly']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['PHT', 'portal hypertension']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['portal hypertension']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To prevent @entity5 @entity3 , we administered the cell-binding domain of fibronectin, in combination with the angiogenesis inhibitor @entity10822 , to @entity19 with hepatic @entity3 . We then assessed the prevention of @entity5 @entity3 resulting from the inhibition of adhesive interactions and the inhibition of angiogenesis. METHODS: A hepatic @entity3 model was created by injecting 1 x 10(3) colon 26/ @entity19 cells into the anterior mesenteric vein of CDF1 @entity19 . The cell-binding domain obtained from fibronectin included the @entity11599 (RGD) sequence. A @entity11504 ( @entity11504 )-treated group, an @entity11504 plus @entity10822 group, and a control group were established. The animals were killed 4 weeks after the injections of the treatment agents had been completed and the number of metastatic liver nodules was counted. In a simultaneous experiment with the same design, the @entity19 were not killed at 4 weeks, and their survival was observed. RESULTS: The mean number of nodules in the @entity11504 plus @entity10822 group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P = 0.019337). The inhibition rate was 51% in the @entity11504 group, 60% in the @entity11504 10 micrograms plus @entity10822 10 mg/kg group, and 64% in the @entity11504 10 micrograms plus @entity10822 100 mg/kg group compared with the control group. @entity19 from the @entity11504 group that were not killed died after 6-8 weeks, but @entity19 from the @entity11504 plus @entity10822 group died after 8-12 weeks. CONCLUSION: The cell-binding domain of fibronectin may, potentially, be an effective form of antiadhesive therapy that competes with native adhesion molecules and blocks adhesion during the metastatic process. When the cell-binding domain of fibronectin is combined with @entity10822 to inhibit angiogenesis, more effective inhibition of metastatic @entity5 growth and prolongation of survival can be achieved than after treatment with the cell-binding domain alone.

title: Inhibition of hepatic XXXX in @entity19 treated with cell-binding domain of human fibronectin and angiogenesis inhibitor @entity10822 .

entities_list: @entity11504 :: ('MESH:C536826', 'Disease') :: ['FND', 'fibronectin-binding domain']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['metastasis']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Exposure to @entity20312 is a well known occupational hazard. The objective of this study was to determine the possibility of an association between low exposure to @entity26678 ( @entity10345 ) (airborne @entity10225 and biomarkers of @entity10225 in plasma and urine) and symptoms of the eyes and upper and lower airways. METHODS: Altogether 136 workers occupationally exposed to TDI and 118 unexposed employees were studied. A physician compiled thorough medical and occupational histories and registered symptoms, total and work-related, of the eyes, nose, and lower airways. The exposure was assessed with personal air measurements and with biomarkers of exposure in plasma and urine. The average exposure in the ambient air at the workplace of the exposed @entity1 was below 1 ppb. RESULTS: Compared with the unexposed group, the exposed workers reported @entity2194 and lower airways, as well as @entity1415 . A similar pattern, with even higher odds ratios, was observed for work-related symptoms. However, only eye symptoms proved to be significantly associated with the exposure, notably with all of the exposure measures. The risk was more pronounced for exposure to @entity61821 than for exposure to @entity61822 . CONCLUSIONS: Even very low exposure to TDI is related to negative health effects on exposed workers. Clear dose-response relationships were observed between three different measures of exposure and symptoms of the eyes.

title: Eye and airway symptoms in low occupational exposure to XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity2194 :: ('MESH:D005128', 'Disease') :: ['more total symptoms of the eyes']

entities_list: @entity20312 :: ('CHEBI:53213', 'Chemical') :: ['diisocyanates']

entities_list: @entity1415 :: ('MESH:D004844', 'Disease') :: ['nose bleeding']

entities_list: @entity10225 :: ('MESH:D017953', 'Chemical') :: ['isocyanates']

entities_list: @entity26678 :: ('MESH:D014051', 'Chemical') :: ['toluene diisocyanate']

answer: @entity26678 :: (MESH:D014051,Chemical) :: ['toluene diisocyanate']


abstract: A 1-year-old @entity1 presented for evaluation of a linear plaque on her forehead. She was born at 36 weeks' gestation following an uncomplicated pregnancy and delivery. At birth, she was noted to have an enlarged right cheek. She had no @entity410 history, but developed grand mal @entity410 1 year later. On examination, she had a yellow plaque on her forehead which extended onto her nose. Under her right jaw, extending onto her anterior neck, there was a caf  -au-lait macule within which there was a yellow plaque which followed the lines of Blaschko. Her right cheek was enlarged and was erythematous (Fig. 1). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of her face showed a mass in the right cheek deep to the subcutaneous fat tissue layer. The signal from the mass was identical to that from the fat, indicating that the mass represented a @entity362 . This was later excised surgically and was histologically a @entity362 . MRI of the brain demonstrated enlargement of the right lateral ventricle in addition to enlargement of the right cerebral hemisphere. There was also evidence of abnormal gyral architecture. Computerized tomography (CT) three-dimensional reconstruction of the skull demonstrated overgrowth of the @entity4265 , right mandible, and right orbit (Fig. 2).

title: Neurologic variant of epidermal nevus syndrome with a XXXX .

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'seizures']

entities_list: @entity4265 :: ('MESH:C535682', 'Disease') :: ['right maxilla']

answer: @entity362 :: (MESH:D008067,Disease) :: ['facial lipoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Interstitial @entity2335 / @entity2336 ( @entity2337 /PBS) is a chronic @entity1494 of unknown etiology and pathogenesis. However, there is evidence of bladder surface @entity3137 in @entity2337 /PBS and GAG replacement therapy has been used to treat the condition. The results of an open label, uncontrolled study of a dietary supplement designed to improve GAG mucopolysaccharides integrity ( @entity4823 , @entity4023 and chondroitin @entity597 ) and reduce @entity1494 ( @entity3092 , @entity15604 ) are presented herein. METHODS: Two hundred fifty two @entity2337 /PBS @entity1 (25 @entity1 , 227 @entity1 ; 18-69 years old), who had failed other treatments, took four CystoProtek capsules /day (mg/capsule: @entity4823 , 120; chondroitin sulfate, 150; hyaluronate @entity1372 , 10; @entity3092 , 150; @entity15604 , 20). Symptoms were evaluated using a visual analogue scale (VAS) (severity range from 1-10) before and after treatment (< 6, 6-12 or > 12 months). The @entity1 were divided into two severity groups--a more severe A group with a baseline mean VAS score greater than or equal to 5 and a less severe B group with a mean score < 5. RESULTS: Male @entity1 (55.72 +/- 9.53 years, n = 25) had a mean VAS score at baseline of 7.6 +/- 1.63 which fell 51.8% to 3.94 +/- 2.46 (p < 0.0001) after 12.46 +/- 8.76 months of treatment. The @entity1 (n = 227) experienced a 48.8% reduction in the mean VAS score (p < 0.0001) after 11.2 +/- 8.7 months. The mean VAS score in Group A (49.72 +/- 11.39 years, n = 207) fell 52.1% from 7.91 +/- 1.55 to 3.79 +/- 2.37 (p < 0.0001) after 11.06 +/- 8.18 months and in Group B (52.40 +/- 10.19 years, n = 20) fell 43.5% from 3.15 +/- 0.92 to 1.78 +/- 1.63 (p = 0.013) after 10.10 +/- 5.80 months. @entity1 in Group A and B were further subdivided into Groups A1, B1 (> 12 months), @entity3750 months) and A3, B3 (< 6 months treatment); improvement was statistically significant in all the more severe Group A treatment duration subgroups. CONCLUSIONS: Dietary supplements targeting the bladder GAGs ( @entity12007 , @entity4823 , @entity17540 ) and @entity1494 ( @entity3092 , @entity15604 ) are useful in the treatment of refractory @entity2337 /PBS. Prospective randomized trials of such supplements are warranted in both treatment refractory and treatment na  ve @entity1 .

title: Treatment of refractory interstitial @entity2335 / XXXX with CystoProtek--an oral multi-agent natural supplement.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'women', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bladder inflammation', 'bladder wall inflammation', 'bladder condition']

entities_list: @entity17540 :: ('CHEBI:16336', 'Chemical') :: ['hyaluronate']

entities_list: @entity597 :: ('CHEBI:16189', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfate']

entities_list: @entity4823 :: ('MESH:D005944', 'Chemical') :: ['glucosamine', 'glucosamine sulfate']

entities_list: @entity2336 :: ('MESH:D018856', 'Disease') :: ['Painful bladder syndrome']

entities_list: @entity12007 :: ('MESH:D002807', 'Chemical') :: ['chondroitin']

entities_list: @entity3092 :: ('MESH:D011794', 'Chemical') :: ['quercetin']

entities_list: @entity3137 :: ('MESH:D009059', 'Disease') :: ['mucosal and glycosaminoglycans (GAG) dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity4023 :: ('MESH:D006820', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium hyaluronate']

answer: @entity2336 :: (MESH:D018856,Disease) :: ['painful bladder syndrome']


abstract: 1. Total plasma @entity165 , high-density lipoprotein @entity165 (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein @entity165 (LDL-C), @entity1063 , haematocrit, haemoglobin and heart rate were measured in blood sampled from an antecubital vein in nine volunteers after 1 min standing and at intervals up to 1 h following 5 min of vigorous bicycle exercise. 2. Heart rates and plasma @entity1063 levels rose substantially immediately following exercise and gradually returned toward baseline levels 60 min post-exercise. 3. Total plasma @entity165 levels rose by 24% immediately post-exercise and slowly returned to baseline levels 60 min post-exercise. Similar changes were observed for LDL-C (20.2%) and HDL-C (27.7%). As a result, LDL:HDL ratios did not alter. 4. These changes in total plasma @entity165 , HDL-C and LDL-C were explained by changes in plasma volume that occurred as a consequence of vigorous exercise. 5. Changes in plasma volume may be a mechanism by which some environmental factors such as stress are associated with elevated plasma @entity165 levels.

title: Acute effects of exercise on plasma lipids, XXXX levels and plasma volume.

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['noradrenaline']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity1063 :: (MESH:D009638,Chemical) :: ['noradrenaline']


abstract: We conducted a retrospective review of 44 @entity1 with metastatic or recurrent @entity1204 treated with @entity900 , @entity632 , @entity786 , and @entity11796 . Thirty-six @entity1 had @entity3 ; eight had recurrent disease. In the metastatic group, 12 @entity1 had positive peritoneal cytology as the only criterion for @entity3 . Grade 1 @entity5 represented 25%, grade 2, 47.7%, and grade 3, 27.3%. The series was divided into four groups based on disease volume before chemotherapy: positive peritoneal cytology only (N = 12), microscopic (N = 11), macroscopic less than 2 cm (N = 6), and macroscopic greater than 2 cm (N = 15). Fifteen @entity1 had measurable disease and eight (53%) had an objective response. The median survival was 31 months for the whole group. Median survivals were not reached for the positive peritoneal cytology only and the microscopic groups. Median survival for the macroscopic less than 2 cm and greater than 2 cm groups were 15 and 10 months, respectively (P less than .0001). The volume of disease was the most important factor in determining survival as well as the time to progression (P less than .0001). The distribution of grade was similar in all groups (P = .88), and grade did not predict survival (P = .80) or recurrence (P = .87). The significant number of low-grade lesions in our series as well as the importance of positive cytology as a predictor of survival underscore the need for surgical pathologic staging in an effort to identify those @entity1 in need of adjuvant therapy.

title: Treatment of recurrent and metastatic adenocarcinoma of the endometrium with XXXX , @entity632 , @entity786 , and @entity11796 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity1204 :: ('MESH:D016889', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity11796 :: ('MESH:D017258', 'Chemical') :: ['medroxyprogesterone acetate']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic disease']

answer: @entity900 :: (MESH:D002945,Chemical) :: ['cisplatin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To evaluate whether @entity1092 ( @entity2052 ) can cause @entity882 and @entity73 in young @entity1 with new-onset @entity162 . METHODS: The authors studied 25 new-onset young @entity162 @entity1 . Platelet count, @entity1423 , platelet release, and bleeding time were evaluated before beginning @entity2052 treatment and at least after 10 months of treatment. The control group consisted of 20 sex-matched and age-matched subjects. @entity1 were started on @entity2052 at a dose of 250 to 750 mg/d, given in divided doses. Mean dosage of @entity2052 was 1137.5 +/- 241.1 mg/d. Mean @entity2052 total plasma concentration was 61.1 +/- 20 g/mL. RESULTS: At baseline, no significant differences were observed for platelet count and function between the @entity162 group and the control subjects. After 10 months, at the second evaluation, the platelet count was significantly lower in the @entity162 @entity1 than in the control subjects: 192.7 +/- 21.4/microL versus 289.8 +/- 23.9/microL; P < 0.0001. An important observation was that platelet counts were negatively correlated with @entity2052 dose (r = -0.47; P = 0.05) and its plasma concentration (r = -0.50; P = 0.05). In the present study, the authors observed impairment in platelet release of @entity855 and aggregation that correlated with both @entity2052 dosage and plasma levels. Bleeding times were also significantly longer in @entity1 taking @entity2052 compared with control subjects (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: @entity882 can appear after a few months of therapy and with plasma @entity2052 levels within the therapeutic range.

title: @entity882 during XXXX treatment in young @entity1 with new-onset @entity162 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['bipolar disorder', 'bipolar']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['Thrombocytopenia', 'thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity1423 :: ('MESH:D001791', 'Disease') :: ['platelet aggregation']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['impaired platelet function']

entities_list: @entity1092 :: ('MESH:D014635', 'Chemical') :: ['valproic acid']

answer: @entity1092 :: (MESH:D014635,Chemical) :: ['valproic acid']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Treatment of severe @entity1241 ( @entity1241 ) is essentially surgical. However, @entity1 in whom surgery has failed, those who have high operative risks, and those who refuse to undergo surgery are often condemned to living with this embarrassing condition. The Procon @entity322 device, a relatively simple, nonsurgical device, may represent a good solution in preventing @entity2749 of @entity1241 , thus improving quality of life in these individuals. This device consists of a disposable, pliable rubber catheter with an infrared photo-interrupter sensor and flatus vent holes on the distal tip that is connected to a pager (or "beeper"). The catheter is inserted in the rectum and held in place by a 20-cc capacity cuff, which acts as a temporary mechanical barrier to stool leakage. Stool entering the rectum is sensed by the photo-interrupter sensor, which then alerts the @entity1 to an imminent bowel movement. Voluntary evacuation is accomplished by deflating the balloon and removing the catheter. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy, reliability, and safety of the Procon device in a group of @entity1 with @entity1241 . METHODS: @entity1 with significant @entity1241 who had undergone anorectal manometry, ultrasound, and electromyography with pudendal nerve terminal motor latency assessment were prospectively entered into this study. The Procon device was used for 14 consecutive days. A quality of life diary and daily log of bowel activity and incontinent @entity2749 were completed before and after the end of the study. RESULTS: Seven @entity1 (five female and two male) with a mean age of 72.7 yr (range 39-81 yr) were evaluated. Etiology of @entity322 included @entity3762 @entity1 , sphincter defect in two, and @entity16 in one @entity1 . There was an overall significant improvement in the quality of life (p < 0.05) and a significant reduction in @entity322 scores with the Procon device (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The Procon is a unique, safe, and promising device that is able to prevent @entity2749 of @entity1241 without the need for surgery, thereby improving quality of life. Its role includes use in @entity1 with severe @entity1241 who are unfit to undergo surgery, those in whom previous surgical treatments have failed, or those who do not wish to undergo surgery.

title: The procon @entity322 device: a new nonsurgical approach to preventing XXXX of @entity1241 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['incontinence']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological disorder']

entities_list: @entity1241 :: ('MESH:D005242', 'Disease') :: ['FI', 'fecal incontinence']

entities_list: @entity3762 :: ('MESH:C562694', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic in four']

answer: @entity2749 :: (MESH:C580065,Disease) :: ['episodes']


abstract: CONTEXT: Luteal @entity1420 is fundamental for reproduction, but the molecular regulation of the corpus luteum (CL) in @entity1 remains unclear. @entity4151 and galectin-3 bind to the sugar chains on cells to control key biological processes including cell function and fate. METHODS: The expression and localization of @entity4151 and @entity14813 were analyzed by quantitative PCR and histochemical analysis, with special reference to a2,6-sialylation of glycoconjugates in carefully dated @entity1 CL collected across the menstrual cycle and after exposure to @entity1 chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) in vivo. The effects of hCG and @entity1421 on the expression of galectins and an a2,6-sialyltransferase 1 ( @entity15695 ) in granulosa lutein cells were analyzed in vitro. RESULTS: @entity4151 was predominantly localized to healthy granulosa lutein cells and galectin-3 was localized to macrophages and regressing granulosa lutein cells. Acute exposure to luteotrophic hormones (hCG and @entity1421 ) up-regulated @entity4151 expression (P < .001). @entity15695 , which catalyzes a2,6-sialylation to block @entity4151 binding, increased during luteolysis (P < .05) as did @entity14813 (P < .05). Luteotrophic hormones reduced @entity15695 and @entity14813 in vivo (P < .05) and in vitro (P < .001). There was an inverse correlation between the expression of @entity15695 and @entity11187 (P < .01) and a distinct cellular relationship among a2,6-sialylation, 3b-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, and galectin expression. CONCLUSIONS: @entity4151 is a luteotrophic factor whose binding is inhibited by a2,6-sialylation in the @entity1 CL during luteolysis. @entity15695 and galectin-3 expression is increased during luteolysis and associated with a loss of @entity1420 synthesis. Luteotrophic hormones differentially regulate @entity4151 and galectin-3/a2,6-sialylation in granulosa lutein cells, suggesting a novel galectin switch regulated by luteotrophic stimuli during luteolysis and luteal rescue.

title: The Loss of Luteal XXXX Production in @entity1 Is Associated With a Galectin Switch via a2,6-Sialylation of Glycoconjugates.

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone']

entities_list: @entity1421 :: ('MESH:D015232', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandin E2']

answer: @entity1420 :: (MESH:D011374,Chemical) :: ['Progesterone']


abstract: The use of @entity6701 nanoparticles (nano- @entity3759 ) for the degradation of @entity5979 ( @entity318 ) increases the risk of exposure to trace nano- @entity3759 and @entity318 mixtures. The interaction of @entity318 and nano- @entity3759 at low concentrations may alter toxic response relative to nano- @entity3759 or @entity318 alone. In this work, the combined genotoxicity of trace nano- @entity3759 and @entity318 on @entity1 embryo L-02 hepatocytes without photoactivation was studied. Nano- @entity3759 (0.1 g/L) was mixed with 0.01-1 mmol/L @entity318 to determine adsorption isotherms. L-02 cells were exposed to different levels of @entity318 (0, 0.001, 0.01, and 0.1 mumol/L) and nano- @entity3759 (0, 0.01, 0.1, and 1 microg/mL) respectively. The adsorption of @entity318 by nano- @entity3759 was approximately 0.3 mmol/g. Cell viability, apoptosis, and DNA double strand breaks were similar among all test groups. Nano- @entity3759 alone (0.01-1 microg/mL) increased the levels of oxidative stress and oxidative DNA adducts ( @entity7599 ), but it did not induce DNA breaks or chromosome damage. Addition of trace nano- @entity3759 with trace @entity318 synergistically enhanced genotoxicity via increasing oxidative stress, oxidative DNA adducts, DNA breaks, and chromosome damage in L-02 cells. Low concentrations of nano- @entity3759 and @entity318 increased oxidativestress by reactive @entity26 species (ROS) formation and lipid oxidation. Oxidative stress is a major pathway for DNA and chromosome damage. Dose-dependent synergistic genotoxicity induced by combined exposure of trace @entity318 and nano- @entity3759 suggests a potential environmental risk of nano- @entity3759 assisted photocatalysis.

title: Synergistic genotoxicity caused by low concentration of @entity6701 nanoparticles and @entity318 in XXXX hepatocytes.

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity6701 :: ('MESH:C009495', 'Chemical') :: ['titanium dioxide']

entities_list: @entity5979 :: ('CHEBI:16130', 'Chemical') :: ['dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: Thyroid and @entity8611 after head and neck irradiation in infancy and childhood is well known. @entity1 irradiated for facial acne were older and received a comparatively lower dose of radiation. These mitigating factors suggest a decreased incidence of thyroid and @entity8611 in these @entity1 . Over the past 28 years (1961 through 1989), 347 consecutive @entity1 were operated on for radiation-associated thyroid and/or @entity8611 . One hundred and ten @entity1 in this group were irradiated for treatment for adolescent facial @entity5477 . The interval between radiation exposure and thyroidectomy ranged from 7 to 57 years (mean, 30 years). The overall incidence of @entity259 was 31% (34 of 110 @entity1 ). Regional @entity3 in 10 @entity1 (29%) were treated with modified radical neck dissection. @entity2742 , detected in 31% (34 of 110 @entity1 ) of this population, was treated with sub-total parathyroidectomy in all cases. The association of @entity259 and @entity2742 after adolescent radiation exposure for @entity5477 appears to be more than coincidental. The incidence of thyroid and @entity8611 may be independent of the timing and dosage of radiation treatment. These thyroid and @entity3243 may develop decades after the initial radiation exposure.

title: XXXX and @entity2742 after radiation therapy for adolescent @entity5477 .

entities_list: @entity5477 :: ('MESH:D000152', 'Disease') :: ['acne vulgaris']

entities_list: @entity8611 :: ('MESH:D010279', 'Disease') :: ['parathyroid disease']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity3243 :: ('MESH:D010282', 'Disease') :: ['parathyroid tumors']

entities_list: @entity259 :: ('MESH:D013964', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity2742 :: ('MESH:D006961', 'Disease') :: ['hyperparathyroidism', 'Hyperparathyroidism']

answer: @entity259 :: (MESH:D013964,Disease) :: ['Thyroid carcinoma']


abstract: @entity61473 , a putative Rab effector, contributes to secretory-granule exocytosis in neuroendocrine and exocrine cells. Here, using two-photon excitation live-cell imaging, we investigated its role in @entity141 -dependent zymogen granule (ZG) exocytosis in @entity9451 from @entity164 ( @entity164 ) and @entity61473 -knockout (KO) @entity19 . Imaging of a KO acinar cell revealed an expanded granular area, indicating ZG accumulation. In our spatiotemporal analysis of the ZG exocytosis induced by agonist ( @entity8586 or @entity934 ) stimulation, the location and rate of progress of ZG exocytosis did not differ significantly between the two strains. ZG exocytosis from KO acinar cells was seldom observed at physiological concentrations of agonists, but was normal (vs. @entity164 ) at high concentrations. Flash photolysis of a caged @entity460 compound confirmed the integrity of the fusion step of ZG exocytosis in KO acinar cells. The decreased ZG exocytosis present at physiological concentrations of agonists raised the possibility of impaired elicitation of @entity460 spikes. When @entity460 spikes were evoked in KO acinar cells by a high agonist concentration: (a) they always started at the apical portion and traveled to the basal portion, and (b) @entity460 oscillations over the 10   M level were observed, as in @entity164 acinar cells. At physiological concentrations of agonists, however, sufficient @entity460 spikes were not observed, suggesting an impaired [ @entity141 ](i)-increase mechanism in KO acinar cells. We propose that in @entity9451 , @entity61473 is not indispensable for the membrane fusion of ZG per se, but instead performs a novel function favoring agonist-induced physiological [ @entity141 ](i) increases.

title: A novel function of @entity61473 in agonist-induced intracellular XXXX increase during zymogen-granule exocytosis in @entity9451 .

entities_list: @entity9451 :: ('MESH:D010195', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic acinar cells']

entities_list: @entity8586 :: ('MESH:D002766', 'Chemical') :: ['cholecystokinin']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity141 :: (CHEBI:29108,Chemical) :: ['Ca2+']


abstract: The interdependence of blunted T cell proliferation induced by anti-CD3 monoclonal antibodies (mAb) and the preactivation of T lymphocytes ( @entity2902 +) in @entity454 @entity1 was investigated in this study. We focused on the density of @entity1199 ( @entity2902 ) receptors [ @entity2902 ] on the lymphocyte surface rather than enumeration of @entity2902 positive cells. The effect of exogenous @entity1199 on these parameters was also tested. Blunted T lymphocyte proliferation induced by anti-CD3 mAb is only partially corrected by addition of exogenous @entity1199 after 24 hrs. Freshly isolated uremic @entity404 T cells show higher percentage of @entity1199 positive cells and a higher @entity2902 density on the cell surface compared to controls. However, after anti-CD3 mAb stimulation the number of @entity2902 positive cells and @entity2902 density in @entity404 T subset was significantly lower than in samples from normal donors. Exogenous @entity1199 had no influence on @entity2902 expression on @entity404 cells in uremic @entity1 . On the other hand, following anti-CD3 mAb stimulation uremic @entity405 cells reveal more @entity2902 positive cells with higher @entity2902 density than in controls. Moreover, exogenous @entity1199 enhance @entity2902 expression and density on uremic @entity405 cells more than in controls. Our results suggest that the blunted T cell proliferation in @entity454 @entity1 might result from (a) preactivation of @entity404 T cells, (b) diminished response of uremic @entity404 T cells to @entity1199 , and (c) higher suppressor cells activity.

title: Immunodeficiency in XXXX - @entity1 is linked to altered IL-2 receptor density on T cell subsets.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity454 :: (MESH:D007676,Disease) :: ['ESRD']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2316 ( @entity2316 ) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in @entity1 with @entity6 . Recent studies suggest that genetic factors, including polymorphisms in the flanking region of the @entity3650 reductase gene (5' @entity31413 ), play an important role in the pathogenesis of @entity8 . @entity413 transporter ( @entity1365 ) activity has been implicated in @entity8 and extracellular matrix formation in mesangial cells. The aim was to investigate the frequency of a polymorphism within the @entity1365 gene in 186 Caucasoid @entity1 with type 1 @entity6 and 104 normal controls. METHODS: Amplimers flanking the Xba-I polymorphic site in the second intron were employed to amplify DNA from subjects. The amplified DNA was restricted with endonuclease Xba-I, separated by gel electrophoresis, and visualized. In the absence of an Xba-I site, a fragment of 1.1 kilobase was seen, whereas fragments of 0.9 and 0.2 were generated if the Xba-I site was present. RESULTS: There was a highly significant increase in the frequency of the 1.1 allele in those @entity1 with @entity8 (N = 70) compared with those with no @entity644 or @entity989 after 20 years of @entity6 (uncomplicated N = 44, 61.4 vs. 40.9%, respectively, P < 0.001). The 1.1/1.1 genotype was also significantly increased in the @entity8 group compared with the uncomplicated group of @entity1 (37.1 vs. 13.6%, respectively, P < 0.01). The frequency of the 1.1/1.1 genotype was similar in 30 @entity1 with @entity989 but not @entity8 when compared with the uncomplicated group of @entity1 (13.6 vs. 16.7%). Furthermore, only 8 out of 49 @entity1 with @entity2316 had the Z+2 5' @entity31413 @entity2316 "protective" allele and the 0.9 @entity1365 allele in contrast to 21 out of 39 uncomplicated @entity1 (P < 0.0002). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the @entity1365 gene together with the @entity3650 reductase gene are associated with susceptibility to @entity2316 in @entity1 with type 1 @entity6 .

title: Polymorphisms of the @entity413 transporter ( @entity1365 ) gene are associated with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['nephropathy', 'renal hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['type 1 diabetes mellitus', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['retinopathy']

entities_list: @entity2316 :: ('MESH:D003928', 'Disease') :: ['DN', 'Diabetic nephropathy']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['Glucose']

answer: @entity2316 :: (MESH:D003928,Disease) :: ['diabetic nephropathy']


abstract: On low-fat chow diet, @entity35 prone to diet-induced @entity28 (DIO) have increased arcuate nucleus @entity10969 ( @entity10969 ) expression but similar leptin levels compared with diet-resistant (DR) @entity35 (19). Here, body weight and leptin levels rose in DIO @entity35 , and they defended their higher body weight after only 1 wk on a 31% fat high-energy (HE) diet. However, DIO @entity10969 expression did not fall to DR levels until 4 wk when plasma leptin was 168% of DR levels. When switched to chow, DIO @entity35 lost carcass fat (18). By 10 wk, leptin levels fell to 148% and @entity10969 expression again rose to 150% of DR levels. During 4 wk of food restriction, DIO leptin fell by approximately 50% while @entity10969 increased by 30%. While both returned to control levels by 8 wk, DIO @entity35 still regained all lost weight when fed ad libitum. Finally, the anorexic effect of intracerebroventricular leptin (10 microg) was inversely correlated with subsequent 3-wk weight gain on HE diet. Thus @entity10969 expression and food intake are less sensitive to the leptin's suppressive effects in DIO @entity35 . While this may predispose them to develop DIO, it does not fully explain their defense of a higher body weight on HE diet.

title: Reduced central leptin sensitivity in @entity35 with diet-induced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obesity']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to assess the stability of root coverage outcomes 3  years after Connective Tissue Graft (CTG) plus Coronally Advanced @entity1912 (CAF) or CAF alone at single maxillary @entity1464 with minimal inter-dental clinical attachment loss. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty-four of the original 29 @entity1 , 13 treated with CAF  +  CTG and 11 with CAF, were available for the 3-year follow-up. Measurements were performed by a blind and calibrated examiner. Outcome measures included @entity614 ( @entity614 ), recession reduction (RecRed), Root coverage Esthetic Score (RES) and Keratinized Tissue (KT) Gain. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was used to evaluate @entity1 satisfaction. RESULTS: After 3  years, CAF  +  CTG resulted in better outcomes in terms of @entity614 (p  =  0.0054) than CAF alone. No difference was detected in terms of RecRed, RES score and VAS values. Furthermore, CAF  +  CTG was associated with higher KT gain than CAF at the last follow-up (p  <  0.0001). CONCLUSION: Root coverage outcomes in single @entity1464 with @entity2524 are stable after 3  years. The application of CTG under CAF was associated with increased probability to obtain @entity614 than CAF alone at the final follow-up.

title: Stability of root coverage outcomes at single maxillary XXXX with loss of interdental attachment: 3-year extension results from a randomized, controlled, clinical trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1464 :: ('MESH:D005889', 'Disease') :: ['gingival recession']

entities_list: @entity2524 :: ('MESH:D016388', 'Disease') :: ['inter-dental CAL loss']

entities_list: @entity614 :: ('MESH:D011843', 'Disease') :: ['CRC', 'complete root coverage']

answer: @entity1464 :: (MESH:D005889,Disease) :: ['gingival recession']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity842 (NO) produced by @entity13471 ( @entity13471 ) plays an important role in the regulation of cell growth, apoptosis, and tissue perfusion. Recent studies showed that @entity19 deficient in @entity13471 developed abnormal aortic bicuspid valves. The aim of the present study was to additionally investigate the role of @entity13471 in heart development. METHODS AND RESULTS: We examined postnatal mortality, cardiac function, and septum defects in @entity13471 (-/-), @entity13471 (+/-), and wild-type @entity19 . Postnatal mortality was significantly increased in @entity13471 (-/-) (85.1%) and @entity13471 (+/-) (38.3%) compared with wild-type @entity19 (13.3%, P<0.001). Postmortem examination found severe @entity891 with focal @entity4 in @entity19 deficient in @entity13471 . Heart shortening determined by ultrasound crystals was significantly decreased in @entity13471 (-/-) compared with wild-type @entity19 (P<0.05). Congenital atrial and @entity1757 were found in neonatal hearts. The incidence of @entity1757 was significantly increased in @entity13471 (-/-) (75%) and @entity13471 (+/-) (32.4%) neonates compared with those of the wild-type @entity19 (4.9%). At embryonic days 12.5 and 15.5, cardiomyocyte apoptosis and myocardial @entity185 activity were increased in the myocardium of @entity13471 (-/-) compared with wild-type embryos (P<0.01), and increases in apoptosis persisted to neonatal stage in @entity13471 (-/-) @entity19 . CONCLUSIONS: Deficiency in @entity13471 results in @entity712 and @entity1757 during cardiac development, which is associated with increases in cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Our data demonstrate that @entity13471 plays an important role in normal heart development.

title: Development of @entity712 and @entity1757 in XXXX lacking endothelial @entity842 synthase.

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['alveolar edema']

entities_list: @entity1757 :: ('MESH:D006345', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular septal defects', 'atrial or ventricular septal defects', 'congenital septal defects']

entities_list: @entity891 :: ('MESH:D001261', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary congestion']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['Nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity13471 :: ('18127(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['eNOS', 'endothelial NO synthase']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: @entity954 for @entity2758 ( @entity2758 ) arising at the region of the basal ganglia are questionable and the majority of cases are considered inoperable. Albeit not free from risks of morbidity and mortality, the treatment of choice is usually radiosurgery for small lesions, and embolization plus radiosurgery for larger lesions. Nevertheless, some lesions may be amenable for surgical resection due to their favorable location. Eighteen cases of such @entity2758 were selected for a direct approach in our series. Seventeen cases were classified as Spetzler and Martin [22] grade III, and one case was a grade V. Ten @entity1 were males and eight females. The mean age was 28.3 years (ranged from 2 to 43 years). Sixteen @entity1 had had previous hemorrhagic events prior to hospital admission. Eleven @entity1 had pre-operative well established @entity51 , and seven @entity1 although symptomatic had a normal neurological exam at admission. Fifteen @entity1 had their @entity2758 completely resected. Among the eleven @entity1 with previous @entity51 nine had no change in their pre-operative condition and two experienced postoperative neurological worsening. In the long-term follow-up six @entity1 had a complete recovery and five recovered only partially. Among the seven @entity1 whose neurological examination was normal pre-operatively five remained unchanged, one had a transient @entity51 , and one died due to a thalamic @entity1188 and @entity548 into the thalamus. The anatomical knowledge and the precise localization of the @entity2758 through the aid of neuroimage studies has provided the means to classify these @entity2758 and plan operative strategies for some small selected cases with relatively low morbidity.

title: XXXX of the basal ganglia region: rationale for surgical management.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2758 :: ('MESH:D001165', 'Disease') :: ['arteriovenous malformations', 'arteriovenous malformation', 'AVMs']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['massive bleeding']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deficits', 'motor deficit']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['venous infarction']

entities_list: @entity954 :: ('MESH:D016063', 'Disease') :: ['Surgical indications']

answer: @entity2758 :: (MESH:D001165,Disease) :: ['Arteriovenous malformations']


abstract: @entity1 mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) may be used for therapeutic applications. Culture conditions such as the serum source may impact on cell quality and the onset of replicative senescence. We have examined the effect of culturing hMSCs in @entity8667 ( @entity8667 ) versus @entity2241 ( @entity2241 ) on factors involved in in vitro replicative senescence. hMSCs from four donors were cultured in 10% @entity2241 or 10% @entity8667 until they reached senescence. Cells were harvested at early passage and near senescence to study factors known to be involved in cellular senescence. The number of population doublings till senescence was similar for cells cultured in @entity2241 , but varied greatly for hMSCs cultured in @entity8667 . @entity2241 cells accumulated in S phase of cell cycle. This could not be explained by increased expression of cell cycle inhibitor proteins. @entity1457 proteins were upregulated in @entity8667 compared to @entity2241 cells. Reactive @entity26 species and @entity842 were upregulated in senescent @entity2241 cells. Telomeres were shorter in senescent cells, more significantly in @entity2241 cells. The source of serum was a determinant for the time till senescence in cultured hMSC. Serum source affected aspects of cell cycle regulation and the levels of @entity1457 proteins. Several mechanisms are likely to be responsible for replicative senescence in hMSC. Insight into the molecular details of how serum factors impacts on these mechanisms is important for the safe use of hMSCs in clinical applications.

title: Importance of serum source for the in vitro replicative senescence of XXXX bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells.

entities_list: @entity1457 :: ('MESH:D012769', 'Disease') :: ['heat shock', 'Heat shock']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity8667 :: ('MESH:D012713', 'Disease') :: ['autologous serum', 'AS']

entities_list: @entity2241 :: ('MESH:D005315', 'Disease') :: ['FBS', 'fetal bovine serum']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Impaired neural plasticity has been proposed as an important pathophysiological feature underlying the neurobiology and symptomatology of @entity161 . In this proof-of-concept study, we aimed to explore cortical plasticity in @entity161 @entity1 with two different transcranial @entity36890 ( @entity36890 ) paradigms. @entity36890 induces @entity141 -dependent long-term-potentiation (LTP)-like and long-term- @entity308 (LTP)-like plasticity in the @entity1 motor cortex. A total of 10 @entity161 @entity1 and 10 healthy controls were included in this study. Cortical excitability was investigated using transcranial magnetic stimulation in each study @entity1 before and after @entity36890 applied to the left primary motor-cortex on two different days. cTBS600 was used to induce LTD-like and cTBS300 was used to induce LTP-like plasticity in the absence of any prior motor-cortex activation. Repeated measures ANOVAs showed a significant interaction between the timecourse, the study group and the stimulation paradigm (cTBS600 vs. cTBS300) for the left, but not for the right hemisphere. Healthy controls showed an MEP amplitude decrease at a trend level following cTBS600 and a numeric, but not significant, increase in MEP amplitudes following cTBS300. @entity161 @entity1 did not show an MEP amplitude decrease following cTBS600, but surprisingly a significant MEP decrease following cTBS300. The proportion of subjects showing the expected changes in motor-cortex excitability following both cTBS paradigms was higher in healthy controls. These preliminary results indicate differences in cortical plasticity following two different cTBS protocols in @entity161 @entity1 compared to healthy controls. However, the incomplete plasticity response in the healthy controls and the proof-of-concept nature of this study need to be considered as important limitations.

title: Investigations of motor-cortex cortical plasticity following facilitatory and inhibitory transcranial XXXX stimulation in @entity161 : A proof-of-concept study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'human', 'participant']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia', 'Schizophrenia']

answer: @entity36890 :: (MESH:C562695,Disease) :: ['theta-burst']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To date, few studies have assessed the influence of @entity281 present on admission (POA) compared with hospital-acquired @entity281 (HAIs) on @entity16 ( @entity16 ) and other outcome measures in @entity64 ( @entity64 ). METHODS: @entity1 admitted with @entity64 to our @entity64 center (July 2010 to December 2010) were retrospectively assessed. The following @entity281 were assessed: urinary tract infection, @entity55 , and @entity2259 . Additional chart review was performed to determine whether the infection was POA or HAI. We assessed the relationship between @entity281 in @entity385 @entity1 and several outcome measures including @entity16 and poor functional outcome. A mediation analysis was performed to assess the indirect effects of HAI, @entity16 , and poor functional outcome. RESULTS: Of the 334 @entity1 included in this study, 77 had any @entity281 (23 POA). After adjusting for age, National Institutes of Health @entity64 Scale at baseline, @entity413 on admission, and intravenous tissue plasminogen activator, HAI remained a significant predictor of @entity16 (odds ratio [OR]=8.8, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.2-18.7, P<.0001) and poor functional outcome (OR=41.7, 95% CI: 5.2-337.9, P=.005), whereas @entity281 POA were no longer associated with @entity16 or poor functional outcome. In an adjusted analysis, we found that 57% of the effect from @entity281 on poor functional outcome is because of mediation through @entity16 (P<.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggests that HAI in @entity64 @entity1 increases the odds of experiencing @entity16 and subsequently increases the odds of being discharged with significant disability. This mediated effect suggests a preventable cause of @entity16 that can thereby decrease the odds of poor functional outcomes after an @entity64 .

title: Infections present on admission compared with hospital-acquired @entity281 in XXXX @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['acute ischemic stroke', 'AIS', 'stroke', 'Stroke']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['ND', 'neurologic deterioration']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['HAI infections', 'infections', 'type of infection']

entities_list: @entity2259 :: ('MESH:D016470', 'Disease') :: ['bacteremia']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['acute ischemic stroke']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: to assess the effects of an educational program in @entity748 @entity1 , following treatment readjustment. METHODS: moderate to severe @entity748 adults underwent a run-in period (up to 45 days) in order to optimize their treatment. @entity1 were then randomized to an educational or control group over a one-year period. Education consisted of five individual sessions covering: pathophysiology of @entity565 , role of medication and side-effects, @entity565 triggers and their avoidance, detection of an @entity565 flare-up, and self-management plan based on symptoms and peak-flow monitoring. MAIN OUTCOME CRITERION: symptom-free days over the study period ( @entity20831 ). RESULTS: a total of 72 @entity1 were enrolled (36 in the "education group" and 36 in the "control group"), 54 of whom completed the study. Mean @entity20831 was comparable in the two groups (88% in the education group and 89% in the control group, respectively). When the analysis was restricted to the education group, those @entity1 who complied perfectly with the action plan (n = 5) exhibited a higher @entity20831 , compared to the others (97% vs. 87%, p = 0.009). CONCLUSION: both education and control groups showed high and comparable percentages of @entity20831 . Compliance with self-management plans appears to be an important determining factor in educational programs.

title: Education and self-management: a one-year randomized trial in stable adult @entity748 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity748 :: ('MESH:D013224', 'Disease') :: ['asthmatic']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Many recent immigrant @entity1 are at risk for violence exposure and related @entity458 resulting from experiences before, during, and after immigration. This study examines the rates of violence exposure and associated symptoms among recent immigrant @entity1 in Los Angeles. METHOD: 1,004 recent immigrant schoolchildren (aged 8-15 years) were surveyed about their prior exposure to violence and symptoms of @entity1005 ( @entity1005 ) and @entity308 . @entity1 included @entity1 whose native language was Spanish, Korean, Russian, or Western Armenian. RESULTS: @entity1 reported high levels of violence exposure, both personal victimization and witnessing violence, in the previous year and in their lifetimes. Thirty-two percent of @entity1 reported @entity1005 symptoms in the clinical range, and 16% reported @entity308 in the clinical range. Although @entity1 and older @entity1 were more likely to have experienced violence, @entity1 reported more @entity1005 and @entity308 . Linear multiple regressions revealed that @entity1005 symptoms were predicted by both recent and lifetime violence exposure (p values < .001 and p < .05, respectively), when @entity308 and gender were controlled. On the other hand, @entity308 were predicted by recent victimization only (p < .001) when @entity1005 and gender were controlled. CONCLUSION: These findings document the need for interventions addressing the psychological sequelae of violence exposure in immigrant @entity1 .

title: Violence exposure, @entity1005 , and XXXX among recent immigrant schoolchildren.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Participants', 'girls', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive symptoms', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['psychological distress']

entities_list: @entity1005 :: ('MESH:D013313', 'Disease') :: ['posttraumatic stress disorder', 'PTSD']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['depressive symptoms']


abstract: Rapidly growing @entity5 often develop @entity39 . In the present study the expression of @entity7 ( @entity7 ) was investigated and compared to microvessel density and @entity39 of @entity1358 . In the @entity5 -host interface the microvessel density was significantly increased compared to central @entity5 areas. Tumor @entity39 was associated with a decrease of microvessel density and an increase of the @entity7 protein expression within the perinecrotic rim. @entity7 protein was focally upregulated in vital @entity5 tissue. An increase of the apoptotic rate of endothelia and vital @entity5 tissue in @entity5 with @entity39 could not be detected. @entity7 (121,165) mRNA was decreased in proliferatively active @entity189 compared to less @entity5 . Multicellular @entity1358 spheroids as a model of chronic @entity519 developed central apoptosis but no @entity39 . @entity7 was upregulated in the spheroid. Tumor microvessels expressed @entity5379 and an incomplete pericyte covering in comparison to @entity5 -free tissue indicating immature active angiogenesis. We conclude that highly proliferative @entity1358 outgrow their vascular supply and develop chronic @entity519 inducing a decrease of proliferation and an increase of @entity7 expression. However, chronic @entity519 does not cause significant @entity39 or apoptosis. Tumor @entity39 is more likely induced by acute @entity519 due to immature microvessels. Furthermore, @entity7 expression associated with concomitant @entity5 @entity39 may help identify @entity1358 susceptible to antiangiogenic therapy.

title: @entity7 expression, angiogenesis, and @entity39 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5379 :: ('4313;4318', 'Gene') :: ['matrix metalloproteinase -2 and -9']

entities_list: @entity7 :: ('7422', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor', 'VEGF']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'proliferative tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['renal cell carcinomas', 'renal cell cancer']

answer: @entity1358 :: (MESH:D002292,Disease) :: ['renal cell carcinomas']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Induced @entity551 anesthesia is a well established technique in adult @entity1 . We examined retrospectively the effect of @entity1854 pediatric @entity1 undergoing pelvic osteotomy with simultaneous femoral osteotomy. METHODS: Twenty-three @entity1 received @entity1854 -induced @entity551 anesthesia (group N) and 14 @entity1 received standard anesthesia (group C). In @entity1 of Group N, a target mean arterial blood pressure of 50-60 mmHg was achieved by intravenous administration of @entity1854 . RESULTS: Significant differences were observed between the two groups in the amounts of intra-operative @entity190 and fluid infusion. Group N had less intra-operative @entity190 than Group C (Group N: 7.3 +/- 4.1 ml x kg(-1) vs. Group C: 10.9 +/- 4.0 ml x kg(-1), P<0.05). Group N had less intra-operative fluid infusion than Group C (Group N: 37.7 +/- 11.2 ml x kg(-1) vs. Group C: 53.9 +/- 15.0 ml x kg(-1), P<0.05). Urine output was not significantly different (Group N: 6.0 +/- 6.2 ml x kg(-1) vs. Group C: 7.0 +/- 5.7 ml x kg(-1), P=0.60). There were no side effects of @entity1854 -induced @entity551 . CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that @entity1854 is a safe and effective drug for induced @entity551 in pediatric @entity1 .

title: [ XXXX -induced @entity551 for pediatric orthopedic surgery].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotensive', 'hypotension']

entities_list: @entity1854 :: ('MESH:D009599', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium nitroprusside']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

answer: @entity1854 :: (MESH:D009599,Chemical) :: ['Sodium nitroprusside']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to investigate the relationship between @entity3657 ( @entity3657 ) and @entity453 or @entity64 in Chinese. At the same time, investigate the prevalence of symptoms, include cold, numb, @entity158 , @entity613 and @entity1066 , then investigate the relationship between abnormal ABI and them. METHODS: Hospitalized @entity1 in department of cardiology, neurology and vascular were enrolled from March 2006 to December 2007 consecutively. ABI was measured and the disease history was collected. Elective Fraction (EF), cardioangiography of coronary artery, and ultrasound examination of cervical artery were recorded too to analyze the relationship between them and ABI. The degree of cold, numb, @entity158 , @entity613 and @entity1066 were recorded in @entity1 with @entity3657 , to analyze the relationship between the prevalence and ABI. RESULTS: In 132 @entity1 of department of cardiology, the prevalence of ABI < 0.9 was 29.5%, In 124 @entity1 of department of neurology, the prevalence of ABI < 0.9 was 17.7%. When ABI decreased, the EF decreased too, and the disease of coronary artery and cervical artery became more serious. In @entity1 of vascular department, when ABI decreased, the symptoms of cold, numb, @entity158 , @entity613 and @entity1066 aggravated. CONCLUSIONS: In Chinese, in @entity1 with @entity453 , the prevalence of @entity3657 is 29.5%, and in @entity1 with @entity64 the prevalence of @entity3657 is 17.7%. 7.2% @entity1 have these three disease. @entity3657 has relationship with the severity of these two diseases. In @entity1 with @entity3657 , the symptoms will aggravate when ABI decreased. When ABI < 0.4, the symptoms all aggravate significantly.

title: [The relationship between @entity3657 and @entity453 and XXXX in arterial sclerosis].

entities_list: @entity3657 :: ('MESH:D058729', 'Disease') :: ['PAD', 'peripheral arterial disease']

entities_list: @entity613 :: ('MESH:D007383', 'Disease') :: ['intermittent claudication']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['stroke']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 10625 Background: @entity1 with hormone receptor positive @entity0 and 1-3 positive @entity1600 ( @entity1600 ) belong to the intermediate risk-group. Among these @entity1 chemo-endocrine therapy may be considered according to the St. Gallen guidelines. We compared evidence-based cut-offs of Ki-67 for definition of molecular subtypes to central grade regarding their predictive value for benefit from @entity3907 -based chemotherapy. METHODS: The EC-Doc trial randomized 1950 @entity1 with 1-3 positive @entity1600 to 6x CEF/CMF vs. 4xEC-4xDoc. Significantly better DFS and @entity3012 favoring EC-Doc have been previously reported (Nitz et al., SABCS 2008). Protein expression data (ER, PR, @entity1722 [+FISH], Ki-67, @entity4205 , and @entity470 ) and central histology/grade were available for 772 @entity1 . Molecular subgroups were classified using Ki-67 cut-off's of 13.25% and 20% (due to correlation with genomic grade index [GGI]). GGI analysis is planned. RESULTS: The entire and the investigated study populations did not differ regarding baseline characteristics. After median follow up of 64 months, both DFS (5y 90% vs. 80%, p=0.006) and @entity3012 (5y 95% vs. 92%, p=0.022) rates significantly favored EC-Doc vs. CEF also in this cohort. 5-y DFS was longest in luminal A and @entity5 (97% vs. 72%, p<0.001). Both Ki-67 cut-offs (13.25% and 20%) used for defining luminal B subtype were predictive for @entity3907 benefit. However, only Ki-67 cut-off of 20% was significant regarding interaction with therapy (HR=0.467, p=0.02) in multivariate analysis including central grade, age, nodal status, @entity5 size, molecular subtypes, therapy, and predictive interactions between all factors and therapy. Only central grade (HR=4.315, p<0.001) and luminal A subtype (HR=0.343, p<0.001) were shown as significant prognostic factors for the whole collective. CONCLUSIONS: These data provide evidence that luminal B subtype defined by HR positive and KI-67>20% or @entity1722 + is the only predictive factor for @entity3907 benefit in intermediate risk BC and that both central grade and luminal A subtype are strong prognostic markers. These results are currently validated within the prospective WSG PlanB trial.

title: Comparison of predictive and prognostic impact of molecular subtypes and central grade regarding XXXX -based therapy in intermediate-risk @entity0 : Results from the EC-Doc trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'shortest in basal-like tumors']

entities_list: @entity1600 :: ('MESH:D014388', 'Disease') :: ['LN', 'lymph nodes']

answer: @entity3907 :: (MESH:C080625,Chemical) :: ['taxane']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to estimate the incidence, timing of onset, risk factors, and mortality rate of pregnancy-associated @entity1151 (PAPE). METHODS: We analyzed PAPE cases that occurred between January 2005 and December 2012 at Cheil General Hospital _ @entity1 's Healthcare Center. Those cases that were not confirmed by computed tomography scan or were confirmed as amniotic fuid embolisms were excluded. We analyzed various risk factors such as previous surgery, mode of delivery, maternal age, and @entity28 in PAPE. RESULTS: There were 57,092 deliveries over 8 years. Of them, 13 cases (0.023%) were diagnosed with PAPE. All cases occurred in the postpartum period after cesarean delivery. There were no cases of PAPE after vaginal deliveries. Of the total cases, 10 cases (76.9%) were diagnosed in the early postpartum period within 48 hours. Eight cases (61.5%) had a history of previous surgery. There were 3 cases (23.1%) of multiple pregnancy and 3 cases (23.1%) of @entity3152 . No cases had a history of @entity1211 . Among 13 cases, 10 cases improved with only anticoagulation, 2 cases received surgical thrombectomy, and one case was @entity204 . CONCLUSION: Our results indicated that the incidence of PAPE was very low (0.023%) and occurred mainly in the postpartum period after cesarean section. However, its maternal mortality rate was significantly high (7.7%). Therefore, we suggest that immediate diagnosis and prompt treatment should be prioritized for improvement of PAPE @entity1 ' survival rate.

title: Pregnancy-associated XXXX during the peripartum period: An 8-year experience at a single center.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Women']

entities_list: @entity3152 :: ('MESH:D007752', 'Disease') :: ['preterm delivery']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary embolism']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['venous thromboembolism']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['maternal death']

answer: @entity1151 :: (MESH:D011655,Disease) :: ['pulmonary embolism']