abstract: BACKGROUND: Surgical approach in Achilles tendon's @entity397 involved during the last years has becoming safer and less invasive as possible. Lots of study investigate the outcomes of the mini-invasive technique with Tenolig proving its good results, but never in the long-term. OBJECTIVES: Our study want to emphasize the effectiveness of this treatment exploring the postural and gait patterns in a 24-month follow up. METHOD: @entity1 did self-training exercises without specific supervision, instead of a particular postoperative rehabilitation protocol. We compared 21 @entity1 to a control group of 19 health subjects using a clinical examination, a podobarometric and an optokinetic analysis. RESULTS: Data shows no differences in time-distance parameters, despite a reduction of propulsion phase data, confirmed also by kinetic analysis. Podobarometric results show only a decrease in the anterior pressure of the injured limb (p=0.09). In standing an increase of anterior-posterior oscillation of the @entity551 ( @entity551 ) (p=0.03). CONCLUSIONS: The results underline the long-term outcome effectiveness of the technique but some functional alterations remain. This could be the reason of the weakness, which always affected the @entity1 . Reduction of the triceps elongation and restoration of strength during the propulsion phase should be the key points in postoperative physiotherapy.

title: Percutaneous repair of Achilles XXXX with Tenolig: quantitative analysis of postural control and gait pattern.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['center of pressure', 'COP']

answer: @entity397 :: (MESH:D012421,Disease) :: ['tendon ruptures']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Choice experiments are increasingly used to obtain @entity1 preference information for regulatory benefit-risk assessments. Despite the importance of instrument design, there remains a paucity of literature applying good research principles. We applied a novel framework for instrument development of a choice experiment to measure @entity6 treatment preferences. METHODS: Applying the framework, we used evidence synthesis, expert consultation, stakeholder engagement, pretest interviews, and pilot testing to develop a @entity3987 ( @entity3987 ) and discrete choice experiment (DCE). We synthesized attributes from published DCEs for type 2 @entity6 , consulted clinical experts, engaged a national advisory board, conducted local cognitive interviews, and pilot tested a national survey. RESULTS: From published DCEs (n  =  17), ten attribute categories were extracted with cost (n  =  11) having the highest relative attribute importance (RAI) (range 6-10). Clinical consultation and stakeholder engagement identified six attributes for inclusion. Cognitive pretesting with local @entity6 @entity1 (n  =  25) ensured comprehension of the choice experiment. Pilot testing with @entity1 from a national sample (n  =  50) identified @entity390 as most important (RAI for DCE: 10 [95  % CI 8.5-11.5]; RAI for @entity3987 : 10 [95  % CI 8.9-11.1]). The developed choice experiment contained five attributes (A1c decrease, blood @entity413 stability, low blood @entity413 , @entity390 , additional medicine, and cost). CONCLUSION: The framework for instrument development of a choice experiment included five stages of development and incorporated multiple stakeholder perspectives. Further comparisons of instrument development approaches are needed to identify best practices. To facilitate comparisons, researchers need to be encouraged to publish or discuss their instrument development strategies and findings.

title: A Framework for Instrument Development of a Choice Experiment: An Application to Type 2 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes', 'type 2 diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity3987 :: ('MESH:D057826', 'Disease') :: ['BWS', 'best-worst scaling']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['Diabetes']


abstract: Immunoreaction to @entity7790 was limited to the basal epithelial cells of focal areas in the normal prostates. In @entity1067 ( @entity1067 ) the immunostained areas were more widespread and immunolabelling was observed in both basal and columnar (secretory) cells of the epithelium. Some cells in the connective tissue stroma were also stained. In @entity263 , epithelial immunostaining was even more extensive and intense than in @entity1067 , and some stromal cells were also stained. @entity4179 ( @entity4179 ) immunostaining was only present in some basal cells in normal prostates. In @entity1067 , this immunoreaction was strong in the basal cells and even stronger in the secretory cells. In @entity263 , the intensity of epithelial cell immunoreactivity was intermediate between that of normal prostates and that of @entity1067 specimens. @entity4179 -receptor immunostaining was focal and located in the basal cells in normal prostates. In @entity1067 , labelling was also localized in basal cells but extended to wider areas. Some stromal cells appeared weakly labelled. In the @entity263 , both basal and columnar cells appeared stained and the number of immunolabelled stromal cells was higher than in @entity1067 . The results presented suggest that, in normal conditions, @entity4179 and @entity7790 act as autocrine growth factors for the basal cells of the prostatic epithelium. In @entity1067 this action is maintained and, in addition, the columnar cells start to secrete both factors which are bound by the basal cell receptors, giving rise to a paracrine regulation which probably overstimulates basal cell proliferation. In @entity263 , besides these regulatory mechanisms, the acquisition of @entity4179 -receptors by the secretory cells develops an autocrine regulation which might induce their proliferation.

title: Immunohistochemical comparative analysis of transforming growth factor alpha, XXXX , and epidermal growth factor receptor in normal, hyperplastic and neoplastic human prostates.

entities_list: @entity1067 :: ('MESH:D011470', 'Disease') :: ['benign prostatic hyperplasia', 'BPH']

entities_list: @entity4179 :: ('1950', 'Gene') :: ['Epidermal growth factor', 'EGF']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostatic carcinoma', 'prostatic adenocarcinoma', 'prostatic cancer']

answer: @entity4179 :: (1950,Gene) :: ['epidermal growth factor']


abstract: No simple @entity35 model for chronic @entity788 exists at present. A single dose of @entity369 has recently been shown to induce acute @entity788 in @entity35 . This study was designed to assess whether serial injections of @entity369 would induce reproducible chronic @entity660 . Forty @entity35 received an intra-peritoneal injection of 500 mg per 100 g body weight of @entity534 followed by three injections of 250 mg per 100 g over 10 days. The @entity35 were killed 24 h after each injection and at intervals of up to 6 months. Serum amylase levels were increased in the acute phase only. Examination of the pancreas at 24 h showed a severe @entity788 . By day 5 there was up to 90% acinar destruction with adipose tissue replacement, although ductal, vascular, and islet cells appeared undamaged. These changes were present 6 months after injection. This is proposed as a new, simple, and reproducible method of inducing chronic @entity660 in the @entity35 .

title: @entity788 : a new model using serial intra-peritoneal injections of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis', 'oedematous pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity660 :: ('MESH:D010182', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic damage']

entities_list: @entity534 :: ('CHEBI:16467', 'Chemical') :: ['L-arginine']

entities_list: @entity369 :: ('CHEBI:29016', 'Chemical') :: ['arginine']

answer: @entity534 :: (CHEBI:16467,Chemical) :: ['L-arginine']


abstract: PURPOSE: To examine differences in vocal fold vibratory phase asymmetry judged from stroboscopy, @entity2101 ( @entity2101 ), and the @entity2101 -derived playbacks of mucosal wave kymography, digital kymography, and a static medial digital kymography image of @entity1 with hypofunctional and hyperfunctional @entity1740 . Differences between the methods of visual judgments and objective measures of left-right phase asymmetry were assessed. The findings were compared with those from a previous study with vocally normal speakers. METHOD: Forty-nine @entity1 with @entity1740 underwent stroboscopy and @entity2101 . The @entity2101 images were processed, resulting in 4 different spatial or kymographic displays. Two types of phase asymmetries, left-right and anterior-posterior, were visually rated. Objective measures of left-right phase asymmetry were obtained. RESULTS: From stroboscopy, the @entity2101 playback, and the @entity2101 -derived playbacks, left-right phase symmetry was judged to be symmetrical in 41%, 32%, and 19% of cases, respectively. This difference in playbacks was not seen for anterior-posterior asymmetry. Correlation between visual judgments and objective measures was mild for stroboscopy and moderate to high for all @entity2101 -based playbacks. CONCLUSIONS: The use of kymography appears important for judgments of phase asymmetry. Stroboscopy appears to be sensitive, but possibly not specific, to phase asymmetries. Further development of objective measures is warranted for this feature.

title: Vocal fold phase asymmetries in XXXX with @entity1740 : a study across visualization techniques.

entities_list: @entity1740 :: ('MESH:D014832', 'Disease') :: ['voice disorders']

entities_list: @entity2101 :: ('MESH:C538394', 'Disease') :: ['HSV', 'high-speed videoendoscopy']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Strictures of the upper airway caused by burns have features distinct from other benign stenoses. The authors reviewed their experience with burn-related stenoses to define the principles of treatment. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: The combined effects of inhaled gases and heat in burn victims produce an intense, often transmural, @entity32 of the airway, further complicated by intubation. The incidence of @entity850 in survivors of @entity130 is high, but the reported experience with their treatment is limited and often unduly separated into injuries of larynx and @entity825 . METHODS: Presentation, treatment, and long-term follow-up are reviewed in 9 @entity1 and 9 @entity1 age 9 to 63 years, who were evaluated over a 22 year period for chronic airway compromise after @entity130 . There were 18 tracheal stenoses, 14 subglottic strictures, and 2 main bronchial stenoses. @entity850 . T-tubes were placed in 15 @entity1 , in low subglottic or tracheal stenosis below the vocal cords, in high @entity5142 through the vocal cords, and as a stent after resection of @entity5142 . RESULTS: There were two deaths during follow-up, one from @entity1576 and one from an unrelated cause. Two @entity1 underwent evaluation only. Early in this series, one tracheal and one laryngotracheal resection resulted in prompt restenosis. Of the remaining 14 @entity1 , 9 are without airway support from 2 to 20 years later. Four have permanent tracheal tubes. One @entity1 required tracheostomy 8 years after successful subglottic reconstruction. CONCLUSIONS: Strictures of the upper airway related to @entity130 are associated with prolonged @entity32 and involve larynx and @entity825 in a majority of @entity1 . These complex injuries respond to prolonged tracheal stenting (mean, 28 months) and resection or stenting of subglottic stenoses with recovery of a functional airway and voice in most @entity1 . Early tracheal resection should be avoided.

title: Upper airway compromise after XXXX . Complex strictures of the larynx and @entity825 and their management.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory failure']

entities_list: @entity5142 :: ('MESH:D007829', 'Disease') :: ['subglottic stenosis']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['laryngotracheal strictures', 'Laryngotracheal strictures stenosis']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['inhalation injury']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['inhalation injury']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2826 ( @entity2826 ) associated with @entity2858 ) is the most common @entity5 in @entity1 with @entity791 . It has been most commonly reported in white homosexual @entity1 , though a few cases have been reported in blacks. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of all @entity2858 seropositive @entity1 with biopsy-proven @entity2826 seen at Howard University Hospital between February 1985 and June 1995. RESULTS: Of the 73 @entity1 identified, 66 (90%), 4 were white, 2 were Hispanic, and 1 was of unidentified race. The median age was 32 years. Forty-eight (66%) were homosexual or bisexual @entity1 , and 10 (14%) were homosexual or bisexual with a history of intravenous drug use (IDU). A history of IDU or blood transfusion was the only risk factor in 7 (9%) and 2 (3%), respectively. The other 6 (8)% were heterosexual. The median survival was 2.2 years. A @entity404 count <200 and the presence of an @entity1292 were associated with shortened survival. CONCLUSIONS: The predominant risk factor for @entity2858 -associated @entity2826 was homosexual or bisexual activity. Only a few @entity1 with @entity2826 were identified, and they also reported sexual transmission from male bisexuals and/or drug users. Poor survival was associated with @entity404 <200, stage III and IV @entity2826 at presentation, and @entity1292 .

title: @entity2858 -associated XXXX in a predominantly black population at an inner city hospital.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity2826 :: ('MESH:D012514', 'Disease') :: ["Kaposi's sarcoma", 'KS']

entities_list: @entity2858 :: ('11676', 'Species') :: ['human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1', 'HIV-1']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy']

entities_list: @entity1292 :: ('MESH:D009894', 'Disease') :: ['opportunistic infection', 'opportunistic infections']

answer: @entity2826 :: (MESH:D012514,Disease) :: ['Kaposi's sarcoma']


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine the roles of the @entity19 interleukin-8 receptor homolog ( @entity18510 , neutrophil @entity18510 ) and @entity12427 ( @entity12427 , a CC chemokine) in two @entity32 models: endotoxin-induced @entity1596 (EIU) and immune complex-induced @entity1596 (reverse passive @entity8753 (RPAR) @entity1596 ). METHODS: For the EIU model, 250 ng @entity526 endotoxin was injected into the vitreous of @entity18510 -/- @entity19 or heterozygous littermate @entity18510 +/- controls and into @entity12427 -/- @entity19 or congenic @entity12427 +/+ controls. Eyes were harvested after 24 h for histologic characterization of infiltrating cells and @entity777 bioassays. For the RPAR model, mouse antiserum against human serum albumin (HSA) was injected into the vitreous of @entity18510 -/-, @entity18510 +/-, @entity12427 -/-, and @entity12427 +/+ @entity19 . Twenty-four hours later, animals were challenged with intravenous HSA. Eyes were harvested after 4 h for analysis. RESULTS: RPAR resulted in the deposition of immune complexes at the ciliary area and iris with the subsequent development of @entity1596 . @entity74 of @entity18510 reduced the median number of infiltrating cells in EIU by 63% (p < 0.01) but had no effect on RPAR-induced @entity32 . In the EIU model, macrophages comprised a much higher percentage (45%) of infiltrating cells in @entity19 lacking @entity18510 than in controls (17%). Loss of the @entity12427 gene had no apparent effect on RPAR @entity1596 and a 39% reduction of infiltrating cells in EIU that was not statistically significant. @entity777 activity in @entity7462 was much less in @entity19 with RPAR @entity1596 than in those with EIU. Neither gene deletion had a significant impact on @entity777 levels in either disease model. CONCLUSIONS: Chemokines acting via @entity18510 have a significant role in the induction of neutrophil infiltration during EIU but not during RPAR @entity1596 . @entity12427 is not critical for either EIU or RPAR-induced @entity1596 . The differential dependence on @entity3806 -like chemokines is in accord with the two forms ofuveitis having different etiologies and, therefore, potentially different optimal therapies.

title: @entity19 endotoxin-induced XXXX , but not immune complex-induced @entity1596 , is dependent on the @entity3806 receptor homolog.

entities_list: @entity12427 :: ('20302(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha', 'MIP-1alpha']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['eye inflammation', 'inflammation']

entities_list: @entity7462 :: ('MESH:C562390', 'Disease') :: ['aqueous humor']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['Genetic deficiency']

entities_list: @entity8753 :: ('MESH:D001183', 'Disease') :: ['Arthus reaction']

answer: @entity1596 :: (MESH:D014605,Disease) :: ['uveitis']


abstract: Using a two-colour direct immunofluorescence staining technique, we investigated activated HLA-DR-expressing T helper and T cytotoxic/suppressor cells in peripheral blood of six @entity1 with @entity4941 at referral and at follow-up and in blood from 20 controls. In three of the @entity1 , thyroid fine-needle aspirates were examined as well. At referral, all @entity1 had elevated blood levels of activated T helper and T cytotoxic/suppressor cells 2 (2-4)%, median and range, vs 0 (0-2)%, P less than 0.001 and 12.5 (2-24)%, vs 0 (0-1)% P less than 0.001). At follow-up, the activated proportion of T helper cells had become normal whereas some activated T cytotoxic/suppressor cells remained, 7 (0-8)%. No significant changes in total T cell number were detected when data at referral and at follow-up were compared. In thyroid aspirates, HLA-DR expressing thyrocytes were observed; the total proportion of T cytotoxic/suppressor cells was elevated (70% compared with 35% in blood) and 70% of the T cytotoxic/suppressor cells were HLA-DR+. Furthermore, 55% of the thyroid-infiltrating lymphoid cells were positive for interferon ( @entity379 +). The finding of activated T cytotoxic/suppressor cells in the blood and thyroid tissue in @entity4941 is consistent with a viral aetiology. Furthermore, intrathyroidal @entity379 + lymphocytes are likely to contribute to expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II antigens on thyrocytes. No autoantibodies, however, were detected, which suggests that aberrant expression of MHC class II molecules alone is not sufficient to provoke an autoimmune response.

title: Subacute thyroiditis: activated HLA-DR and XXXX expressing T cytotoxic/suppressor cells in thyroid tissue and peripheral blood.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4941 :: ('MESH:D013968', 'Disease') :: ['subacute thyroiditis']

answer: @entity379 :: (3458,Gene) :: ['interferon-gamma']


abstract: Increased consumption of green tea (GT) without enough scientific data has raised safety concerns. @entity3089 ( @entity3090 ) is the most prominent @entity3978 of GT that has antioxidant activity. However, higher doses of @entity3090 have been shown to cause @entity99 . This study was initiated to determine the effect of GT extracts in a @entity19 model. We also investigated the effects of @entity3090 in normal and health-compromised @entity19 . Different doses of GT fractions and @entity3090 were administered for 5 days to @entity19 . Also, a single dose of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was combined with @entity3090 in order to investigate its effect in the presence of fever. Plasma ALT and @entity13372 levels were determined along with liver histopathology. Combining a single high IG dose of @entity3090 with a single IP dose of LPS initiated @entity99 . Furthermore, repeated administration of high IG doses of @entity3090 showed mild @entity99 , but it was augmented under febrile conditions induced by LPS. This study confirms the safety of reasonable consumption of GT over a short term. However, it highlights a caution that high doses of @entity3090 can lead to mild @entity99 , and this may be markedly enhanced under febrile conditions.

title: Effect of green tea and its polyphenols on XXXX liver.

entities_list: @entity3978 :: ('CHEBI:26195', 'Chemical') :: ['polyphenol']

entities_list: @entity3089 :: ('MESH:C045651', 'Chemical') :: ['Epigallocatechin 3-gallate']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['liver injury']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: PURPOSE: A distinctive new group of polymorphisms is constituted by single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in miRNA processing machinery in miRNA precursor molecules and in miRNA-binding sites, known as miRSNPs. The aim of this study was to ascertain the prognostic impact of six miRSNPs in @entity1 with @entity1582 and analyze the functional consequences. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: One hundred and thirty-seven @entity1 with chemosensitive @entity1582 (73M/64F) intensified with autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) were studied. The median follow-up was 4 years. The genes and SNPs evaluated in genomic DNA by allelic discrimination were @entity11776 ( @entity11777 ), @entity28867 ( @entity49298 ), @entity49299 ( @entity49300 ), and @entity31064 ( @entity31065 ) for miRNA target genes and @entity30672 ( @entity30673 ) and @entity10405 ( @entity11778 ) for miRNA biogenesis pathway. RESULTS: @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) was significantly longer in @entity1 with @entity11776 @entity11777 C/C variant (P = 0.037). Functional analysis showed that the presence of C variant in @entity11776 3' untranslated region (UTR) is related with a reduction of the protein levels. Moreover, the reduction of @entity11776 protein levels by siRNA in @entity1582 cell lines is related to a decreased proliferation. On the other hand, @entity1349 was significantly longer in @entity1 with C/C or A/C variant in @entity10405 @entity11778 (P = 0.012). There was also a significantly longer progression-free survival (PFS) for this SNP (P = 0.013). This SNP retained its prognostic impact on PFS and @entity1349 in a multivariate regression analysis (P = 0.028 and P = 0.014, respectively). CONCLUSION: This is the first report that relates miRSNPs with prognosis in @entity1582 either in a keratin gene ( @entity11776 ), target of diverse miRNA @entity1582 clusters, or in the miRNA biogenesis pathway-related protein @entity10405 .

title: Impact of MiRSNPs on survival and progression in @entity1 with XXXX undergoing autologous stem cell transplantation.

entities_list: @entity1582 :: ('MESH:D009101', 'Disease') :: ['multiple myeloma']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'Overall survival']

answer: @entity1582 :: (MESH:D009101,Disease) :: ['multiple myeloma']


abstract: The aim of this study was to estimate the influence of @entity288 on @entity1198 and Th2 serum cytokine balance in @entity1 with @entity24481 : @entity379 , @entity310 , @entity3646 and @entity688 . Further, we tested the hypothesis of an up-regulation of Th2 immune response during successful treatment with @entity288 to explain their beneficial effect in @entity6875 . Serum cytokines were detected in three groups of subjects: 20 @entity1 with @entity2743 without @entity6875 (Gd), 16 @entity1 with clinical symptoms of @entity6875 ( @entity24481 ) (CAS over 3 points, last consultation record for @entity24481 less than a year old) and 16 healthy volunteers. Corticosteroid therapy consisted of intravenous infusions of @entity1667 (MP) (2 series, 3 g each time) and subsequent treatment with oral @entity229 (60 mg per day) in a tapering schedule. The serum samples were collected 24 hours before MP, 24 hours after MP, 14 days of treatment with @entity229 and at the end of corticosteroid therapy. The levels of @entity379 , @entity310 , @entity3646 and @entity688 in the serum were determined using ELISA. Statistical significance was estimated by the Mann-Whitney U-test. Our findings show a deviation to systemic Th2 profile cytokines in @entity2743 . In @entity1 with @entity24481 , we found a significantly increased serum @entity688 concentration. In corticosteroid-responsive @entity1 , the balance of serum cytokines @entity3646 / @entity379 , @entity3646 / @entity310 , @entity688 / @entity379 and @entity688 / @entity310 increased and remained upregulated until the end of the study. In non-responders, the balance of serum cytokines studied increased after @entity1667 but declined markedly during continuation of the therapy with @entity229 . In summary, our results show that efficient corticosteroid therapy may be related to its influence on Th2/ @entity1198 profile cytokine balance. The upregulation of serum @entity3646 and @entity688 during successful treatment with @entity288 indicate the possibility of using these cytokines as predictors of the beneficial effect of @entity288 in @entity6875 .

title: Serum XXXX and Th2 profile cytokine level changes in @entity1 with @entity6875 treated with @entity288 .

entities_list: @entity1667 :: ('MESH:D008775', 'Chemical') :: ['methylprednisolone']

entities_list: @entity2743 :: ('MESH:D006111', 'Disease') :: ["Graves' disease"]

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity6875 :: ('MESH:D049970', 'Disease') :: ["Graves' ophthalmopathy", 'ophthalmopathy']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity1198 :: (51497,Gene) :: ['Th1']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity46144 are the important secondary metabolites in the citrus. In this study, the accumulation of @entity46144 at different fruit developmental stages and distribution among different genotypes, tissues and developmental stages were investigated in 12 pummelo varieties. The large variations on @entity46144 concentration were found among different varieties, which ranged from 233.78  mg/kg FW to 4090.41  mg/kg FW in the seeds at full color stage of the fruit. Classification of pummelos based on the @entity46144 content divided 12 varieties into three groups. It was matched well with the geographic origination of the pummelo varieties, suggesting that the accumulation of @entity46144 was mainly determined by the genotype of the pummelo. Accumulation of the @entity46144 in different tissues was highly variable, and in a tissue specific fashion. The trend of the change on the levels of @entity46145 and @entity46146 in the seeds and segment membrane were corresponded to the physiological development of the fruit. The rapid accumulation of @entity46145 and @entity46144 was observed from the physiological ripening of the seeds. It suggested that physiological maturation of the seeds is a key point that the seeds accelerate the accumulation of @entity46145 and @entity46146 . In most of pummelo varieties, 10% color break of the fruit was a phenotypic landmark associated with the maximum level of @entity46145 accumulated in the seeds.

title: Temporal and spatial variations on accumulation of XXXX and @entity46146 in the pummelos.

entities_list: @entity46144 :: ('MESH:D036701', 'Chemical') :: ['Limonoids', 'limonoids']

answer: @entity46145 :: (MESH:C059405,Chemical) :: ['nomilin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Single embryo transfer (SET) is the most successful way to reduce the frequency of @entity2099 following in vitro fertilisation. However, selecting the embryo for SET with the highest chances of pregnancy remains a difficult challenge since morphological and kinetics criteria provide poor prediction of both developmental and implantation ability. Partly through the expression of specific genes, the oocyte-cumulus interaction helps the oocyte to acquire its developmental competence. Our aim was therefore to identify at the level of cumulus cells (CCs) genes related to oocyte developmental competence. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: 197 individual CCs were collected from 106 @entity1 undergoing an intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection procedure. Gene expression of CCs was studied using microarray according to the nuclear maturity of the oocyte (immature vs. mature oocyte) and to the developmental competence of the oocyte (ability to reach the blastocyst stage after fertilisation). Microarray study was followed by a meta-analysis of the behaviour of these genes in other datasets available in Gene Expression Omnibus which showed the consistency of this list of genes. Finally, 8 genes were selected according to oocyte developmental competence from the 308 differentially expressed genes (p<0.0001) for further validation by quantitative PCR (qPCR). Three of these 8 selected genes were validated as potential biomarkers ( @entity20034 , @entity18232 and @entity7741 ). Experimental factors such as inter- @entity1 and qPCR series variability were then assessed using the Generalised Linear Mixed Model procedure, and only the expression level of @entity18232 was confirmed to be related to oocyte developmental competence. The link between biomarkers and pregnancy was finally evaluated and level of @entity18232 expression was also correlated with clinical pregnancy. CONCLUSION/SIGNIFICANCE: @entity18232 , known as a regulator of G protein signalling, was the only gene among our 8 selected candidates biomarkers of oocyte competence to cover many factors of variability, including inter- @entity1 factors and experimental conditions.

title: Genomic assessment of XXXX cumulus cell marker genes as predictors of oocyte developmental competence: impact of various experimental factors.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2099 :: ('MESH:D011254', 'Disease') :: ['multiple pregnancies']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To establish whether @entity13359 ( @entity13359 ) is associated with other diseases during a @entity1 's lifetime. DESIGN: Prospective controlled cohort study. SETTING: University Hospital in Finland. POPULATION: A total of 575 @entity1 with @entity13359 and 1374 control @entity1 , all having delivered in 1969-1988. Questionnaires were sent to 544 @entity13359 @entity1 and 1235 control @entity1 . Responses were received from 1178 (66.4%). METHODS: Questionnaire survey in autumn 2010. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Perceived health, symptoms and complaints, diseases diagnosed by a doctor and use of medicines. RESULTS: No statistically significant differences were detected in perceived health. Differences in recent symptoms and complaints were small. Diagnoses made by a doctor showed higher frequencies in the @entity13359 group than in control @entity1 for other @entity66 , @entity0 and hypothyreosis. Diagnosed @entity101 and high @entity165 requiring medication as well as @entity943 were less frequent in the @entity13359 group. @entity1 in this group used antacid medicines more often than control @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: There were few differences between the @entity13359 @entity1 and control @entity1 except for a higher frequency of @entity66 , @entity0 and hypothyreosis. @entity1 with a history of @entity13359 should be screened for hypothyreosis more readily than those without. The higher frequency of @entity0 warrants further research.

title: Health history after XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'woman', 'patients', 'Women']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity13359 :: ('MESH:C535932', 'Disease') :: ['ICP', 'intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['hepatobiliary diseases', 'later hepatobiliary disease']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrhythmia']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity13359 :: (MESH:C535932,Disease) :: ['intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Early diagnosis and treatment are shown to improve survival of @entity5344 . Identification and medical follow-up of high-risk groups may be important for early diagnosis. METHODS: A prospective study of 845 @entity1 from @entity43 kindreds who were classified according to pre-set inclusion criteria (Table I), were offered genetic counseling and annual medical examinations of breasts and ovaries. The material consisted of three series: 1) 754 unaffected @entity1 , 2) 49 @entity1 with @entity0 , and 3) 42 @entity1 with @entity43 . RESULTS: In series 1) nine @entity43 and 20 @entity0 , in series 2) seven @entity43 , and in series 3) three @entity0 were found. All but one of the @entity43 were 40 years or older, and 4/16 (25%) were Borderline @entity5 . All @entity0 were 30 years or older, and 89% were detected before spread. CONCLUSIONS: This is to our knowledge the first prospective report of the combined @entity5344 findings in @entity5344 kindreds. A @entity1 with both @entity5344 is the hallmark of @entity5344 , and 50% of the @entity43 were detected in these families. Borderline @entity43 may represent a manifestation of this syndrome. If prophylactic oophorectomy prevents @entity43 , oophorectomy at age 45 would have prevented 75% of such @entity5 . Based on these results we revised our protocol for annual follow-up in these kindreds: 1) clinical breast examination and mammography (ultrasound/cytology if indicated) from 30 years of age, 2) gynecologic examination (including vaginal ultrasound, serum-CA125) from 35 years of age, and 3) discuss oophorectomy at 45 years of age.

title: Prospectively detected XXXX in @entity5344 screening.

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cancers', 'ovarian cancer', 'breast/ovarian- and ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancers', 'breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5344 :: ('MESH:D061325', 'Disease') :: ['breast and ovarian cancer', 'inherited breast/ovarian cancer', 'breast/ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'cancer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although @entity4002 ( @entity4003 ) are zoonoses of global importance, very little high quality data are available from West Africa. METHODS/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: A serosurvey was conducted in Togo's main livestock-raising zone in 2011 in 25 randomly selected villages, including 683 @entity1 , 596 @entity291 , 465 @entity742 and 221 @entity1237 . Additionally, 464 transhumant @entity291 from Burkina Faso were sampled in 2012. The serological analyses performed were the Rose Bengal Test and ELISA for @entity3377 and ELISA and the immunofluorescence assay (IFA) for Q @entity221 did not appear to pose a major @entity1 health problem in the study zone, with only 7 seropositive @entity1 . @entity6469 was isolated from 3 @entity291 @entity3609 samples, and is likely to be the predominant circulating strain. This may explain the observed seropositivity amongst village @entity291 (9.2%, 95%CI:4.3-18.6%) and transhumant @entity291 (7.3%, 95%CI:3.5-14.7%), with an absence of seropositive small ruminants. Exposure of livestock and @entity1 to @entity4003 was common, potentially influenced by cultural factors. @entity1 of Fulani ethnicity had greater livestock contact and a significantly higher seroprevalence than other ethnic groups (Fulani: 45.5%, 95%CI:37.7-53.6%; non-Fulani: 27.1%, 95%CI:20.6-34.7%). Appropriate diagnostic test cut-off values in endemic settings requires further investigation. Both @entity3377 and @entity4002 appeared to impact on livestock production. Seropositive @entity291 were more likely to have aborted a foetus during the previous year than seronegative @entity291 , when adjusted for age. This odds was 3.8 times higher (95%CI: 1.2-12.1) for @entity3377 and 6.7 times higher (95%CI: 1.3-34.8) for @entity4002 . CONCLUSIONS: This is the first epidemiological study of zoonoses in Togo in linked @entity1 and animal populations, providing much needed data for West Africa. Exposure to Brucella and @entity4003 is common but further research is needed into the clinical and economic impact.

title: Epidemiology of @entity221 in linked XXXX and animal populations in northern togo.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'People', 'human', 'people']

entities_list: @entity4002 :: ('MESH:D011778', 'Disease') :: ['Q Fever', 'brucellosis (Brucella spp.) and Q Fever']

entities_list: @entity3377 :: ('MESH:D002006', 'Disease') :: ['brucellosis']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['Fever Brucellosis']

entities_list: @entity4003 :: ('777', 'Species') :: ['C. burnetii', 'Coxiella burnetii']

entities_list: @entity291 :: ('9913', 'Species') :: ['cows', 'cattle', 'bovine']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: Simultaneous pancreas/kidney transplantation (SPK) has evolved to become a therapeutic option for @entity1 with @entity177 resulting from @entity6 . However, the appropriate route for drainage of the exocrine secretions of the pancreas allograft remains unclear. While @entity1494 ( @entity1494 ) is the current state of the art, it is associated with a high frequency of urologic complications, including @entity293 , @entity811 , @entity520 , @entity2700 , and @entity788 . Although @entity1681 ( @entity1681 ) is the more physiologic route, it has been associated in the past with decreased graft survival and increased infectious complications. In addition, @entity1494 offered a technique for detection of rejection through measurement of urinary amylase. However, with the advent of improved immunosuppression and antibiotic therapy, percutaneous pancreas biopsy, improved radiologic imaging, and greater understanding of pancreas transplantation, we hypothesized that @entity1681 could be performed without increased morbidity or cost. A group of 23 consecutive SPK was performed with @entity1681 during the period from July 1995 to November 1995. Another 23 age- and sex-matched recipients of SPK with @entity1494 performed from November 1994 to June 1995 served as a historical control group. Because of the differing lengths of follow-up, data were analyzed with respect to the first six months posttransplant. @entity1681 and @entity1494 were associated with equivalent actuarial one-year @entity1 and graft survival rates: 100% and 88% for @entity1681 , and 96% and 91% for @entity1494 , respectively. Hospital charges, length of stay, readmissions, rejection, @entity295 -related procedures were also equivalent in @entity1681 and @entity1494 . However, @entity1681 was associated with significantly fewer @entity293 . In addition, no grafts were lost as the result of @entity295 . In the setting of SPK, @entity1681 represents a viable alternative to @entity1494 for primary drainage of pancreas exocrine secretions. Further studies with extended lengths of follow-up are necessary to confirm our observations.

title: Simultaneous pancreas/kidney transplantation--a comparison of enteric and XXXX of exocrine pancreatic secretions.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['reflux pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity2700 :: ('MESH:D003681', 'Disease') :: ['dehydration']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bladder drainage', 'BD']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['type 1 diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity520 :: ('MESH:D000138', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic acidosis']

entities_list: @entity811 :: ('MESH:D006417', 'Disease') :: ['hematuria']

entities_list: @entity293 :: ('MESH:D014552', 'Disease') :: ['urinary tract infections and urologic complications', 'urinary tract infections']

entities_list: @entity1681 :: ('MESH:D004751', 'Disease') :: ['enteric drainage', 'ED']

answer: @entity1494 :: (MESH:D001745,Disease) :: ['bladder drainage']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Hypothetically, the greater the blockade of angiotensin @entity7743 receptors from ultra-high doses of @entity6071 ( @entity6071 ), the greater the expected renoprotection effects. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effects of ultra-high doses of @entity7056 on @entity644 and renal function in diabetics with established or overt @entity2316 (ODN). MATERIAL AND METHOD: Ours was a prospective, non-randomised 3-year follow-up study, using a multifactorial therapeutic approach based on @entity7056 600mg daily. Demographic variables, anthropometric data, and biochemical parameters were comparatively analysed at the beginning and end of the study. Forty @entity1 (75% with type 2 @entity6 ) were included, average age 57.1 +/- 10, 29 male (72.5%). RESULTS: SBP (157.6 +/- 27mm Hg vs 130.1 +/- 14mm Hg) and @entity13520 (88.8 +/- 10mm Hg vs 76.2 +/- 8mm Hg) decreased significantly at the end of follow-up (P<.001). Serum @entity1011 increased by only 0.17mg/dl, although this was a statistically significant difference (P<.05). @entity644 markedly decreased from 2.64 +/- 1.99 to 0.98 +/- 1.18 (P<.0001), i.e. 59.2%. Twenty-five percent of @entity1 had normal @entity633 at the end of the follow-up period. Lipid profiles significantly improved. No @entity1 withdrew from the study due to side effects, and serum @entity972 did not change significantly over the course of the study. Except for BMI and HbA1c, all other therapeutic targets set out by ADA recommendations improved significantly. CONCLUSIONS: The treatment of ODN with ultra-high doses of @entity7056 was highly effective and safe in reducing @entity644 and slowing the progressive course to @entity454 .

title: High doses of @entity7056 offer long-term kidney protection in cases of established XXXX .

entities_list: @entity6071 :: ('MESH:C562709', 'Disease') :: ['ARB', 'angiotensin receptors blockers']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria', 'Proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity2316 :: ('MESH:D003928', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic nephropathy']

entities_list: @entity7056 :: ('MESH:C081309', 'Chemical') :: ['irbesartan']

entities_list: @entity633 :: ('MESH:D000419', 'Disease') :: ['albuminuria']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

answer: @entity2316 :: (MESH:D003928,Disease) :: ['diabetic nephropathy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Skeletal muscle depletion ( @entity6288 ) predicts morbidity and mortality in the elderly and @entity5 @entity1 . METHODS: We tested whether @entity6288 predicts primary @entity14 resection outcomes in stage II-IV @entity1 (n=234). @entity6288 was assessed using preoperative computed tomography images. Administrative hospitalisation data encompassing the index surgical admission, direct transfers for inpatient rehabilitation care and hospital re-admissions within 30 days was searched for @entity66 ( @entity66 )-10 codes for @entity86 and inpatient rehabilitation care and used to calculate length of stay (LOS). RESULTS: Overall, 38.9% were sarcopenic; 16.7% had an @entity281 and 9.0% had inpatient rehabilitation care. Length of stay was longer for sarcopenic @entity1 overall (15.9    14.2 days vs 12.3    9.8 days, P=0.038) and especially in those >=  65 years (20.2    16.9 days vs 13.1    8.3 days, P=0.008). Infection risk was greater for sarcopenic @entity1 overall (23.7% vs 12.5%; P=0.025), and especially those >=  65 years (29.6% vs 8.8%, P=0.005). Most (90%) inpatient rehabilitation care was in @entity1 >=  65 years. Inpatient rehabilitation was more common in sarcopenic @entity1 overall (14.3% vs 5.6%; P=0.024) and those >=  65 years (24.1% vs 10.7%, P=0.06). In a multivariate model in @entity1 >=  65 years, @entity6288 was an independent predictor of both @entity281 (odds ratio (OR) 4.6, (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.5, 13.9) P<0.01) and rehabilitation care (OR 3.1 (95% CI 1.04, 9.4) P<0.04). CONCLUSION: @entity6288 predicts @entity86 , inpatient rehabilitation care and consequently a longer LOS.

title: XXXX is associated with @entity86 and delayed recovery from @entity14 resection surgery.

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['ICD', 'International Classification of Disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity6288 :: ('MESH:D055948', 'Disease') :: ['Sarcopenia', 'sarcopenia']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative infections']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity6288 :: (MESH:D055948,Disease) :: ['Sarcopenia']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Vertigo is one of the most unpleasant symptoms. Two of the main points of the examinations are the vestibulospinal tests (Romberg test and Unterberger- Fukuda test) can be measured objectively by the ultrasound-computer-craniocorpography. OBJECTIVES: Using ultrasound-markers on head and shoulders, the ultrasound-computer-craniocorpography can measure and analyze the numerical data of statokinetic tests. The study is comparing the parameters of the vestibulospinal tests in different @entity394 . @entity1 AND METHODS: 84 @entity1 were examined. The main parameters in the standing test are the longitudinal and sway, the torticollis angle, and the forehead covering. In the stepping test the main parameters were the longitudinal deviation, the lateral sway, the angular deviation, and the self-spin degree. The @entity1 were divided on normal, unilateral and bilateral peripheral lesion and central lesion groups. RESULTS: The data of the longitudinal and lateral sway and the forehead covering in Romberg test are quite different in the normal and dizzy @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Ultrasound-computer-craniocorpography is a useful method in the examination of the balance system disorders. The differential diagnostic value is not sufficient alone, we needs other investigations for the topical diagnosis of the vestibular system.

title: Usefulness of ultrasound-computer-craniocorpography in different XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PATIENTS', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity394 :: ('MESH:D015837', 'Disease') :: ['vestibular disorders']

answer: @entity394 :: (MESH:D015837,Disease) :: ['vestibular disorders']


abstract: The purpose of this multicenter study was to analyze the results of shoulder arthroplasty for the treatment of the sequelae of proximal humerus @entity174 and establish an updated classification system and treatment guidelines for these complex situations. Seventy-one sequelae of proximal humerus @entity174 were treated with shoulder replacement with the use of the same nonconstrained, modular, and adaptable prosthesis: the Aequalis prosthesis (Tornier Inc, St Ismier, France). The average time between initial @entity174 and shoulder arthroplasty was 5 years and 5 months. On the basis of anatomic classification schemes, sequelae were divided into 4 types: type 1, humeral @entity135 or @entity39 with minimal @entity2916 malunion (40 cases); type 2, locked dislocations or @entity174 (9 cases); type 3, nonunions of the surgical neck (6 cases); and type 4, severe @entity2916 (16 cases). The mean postoperative follow-up was 19 months (range, 12 to 48 months). Overall, the postoperative Constant score was excellent in 11 cases (16%), good in 19 cases (26%), fair in 18 cases (25%), and poor in 23 cases (33%). There were 18 complications (27%). Fifty-nine of 70 @entity1 (81%) stated that they were satisfied with the result. The most significant factor affecting functional outcome was greater @entity2916 osteotomy (P <.005). Regarding both surgical treatment and postoperative prognosis, we identify 2 categories of proximal humerus @entity174 sequelae: category 1, intracapsular/impacted @entity174 sequelae (associated with both @entity891 or @entity39 [type 1] and chronic dislocation or @entity174 -dislocation [type 2]), in which an articulating joint can be reconstructed without a greater @entity2916 osteotomy; and category 2, extracapsular/disimpacted @entity174 sequelae (associated with both surgical neck nonunions [type 3] and severe @entity2916 malunions [type 4]) where the proximal humerus cannot be reconstructed without a greater @entity2916 osteotomy. All of the excellent and good postoperative Constant scores were obtained in type 1 and 2, in which osteotomy of the greater @entity2916 was not required. All @entity1 in type 3 and 4, who underwent a greater @entity2916 osteotomy, had either fair or poor results and did not regain active elevation above 90 degrees. We conclude that a greater @entity2916 osteotomy is the most likely reason for poor and unpredictable results after shoulder replacement arthroplasty for the treatment of the complex sequelae of proximal humerus @entity174 . Shoulder arthroplasty for the treatment of the sequelae of @entity174 of the proximal humerus should be performed without an osteotomy of the greater @entity2916 when possible. If prosthetic replacement is possible without an osteotomy, surgeons should accept the distorted anatomy of the proximal humerus and adapt the prosthesis and their technique to the modified anatomy. A modular and adaptable prosthesis with both adjustable offsets and inclination may allow surgeons to adapt to a large number of malunions and may help to avoid the troublesome greater @entity2916 osteotomy in a higher proportion of cases.

title: Shoulder arthroplasty for the treatment of the sequelae of XXXX of the proximal humerus.

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head collapse']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'fracture-dislocations', 'fracture']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity891 :: ('MESH:D001261', 'Disease') :: ['cephalic collapse']

entities_list: @entity2916 :: ('MESH:D014402', 'Disease') :: ['malunions of the tuberosities', 'tuberosity']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['fractures']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity65 are the leading cause of @entity204 in the majority of developed and developing countries. African countries are currently facing an increase in both @entity65 . In addition, cardiovascular risk varies among different socioeconomic groups. Thus, we determined the prevalence of modifiable cardiovascular risk factors in apparently healthy public-sector workers and investigated possible relationships with socioeconomic status. METHODS: We employed a cross-sectional study comprising 42.2% (n = 615) of the public-sector workers at Agostinho Neto University, 48% (n = 294) male and 52% (n= 321) female, with ages between 20 and 72 years and from various socioeconomic groups. The study was conducted from February 2009 to December 2010. Personal, anthropometric, biochemical, hemodynamic, socioeconomic, and physical activity data were collected. RESULTS: The prevalence rates of cardiovascular risk factors were as follows: @entity101 , 45.2% ( @entity1 46.3%, @entity1 44.2%, P > 0.05); @entity1007 , 11.1% ( @entity1 10.5%, @entity1 11.5%, P > 0.05); low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) @entity165 , 50.1% ( @entity1 36.9%, @entity1 62.3%; P < 0.05); @entity2298 , 10.6% ( @entity1 12.6%, @entity1 8.7%, P > 0.05); smoking, 7.2% ( @entity1 10.2%, @entity1 4.4%; P < 0.05); @entity6 , 5.7% ( @entity1 5.5%, @entity1 5.9%, P > 0.05); overweight, 29.3% ( @entity1 27.3%, @entity1 31.2%, P > 0.05); @entity28 , 19.6% ( @entity1 9.2%, @entity1 29.0%; P < 0.05); sedentary lifestyle, 87.2% ( @entity1 83.0%, @entity1 91,0%, P < 0.05); and @entity4346 , 20% ( @entity1 32.0%, @entity1 9.0%; P < 0.05). At least one risk factor was present in 27.7% of the sample; 15.2% had two risk factors, and 31.4% had three or more risk factors. Among the individuals with low socioeconomic status, 41.0% had three or more risk factors. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggest the existence of a high prevalence of multiple risk factors for @entity65 in apparently healthy @entity1019 . The workers in lower socioeconomic groups had higher incidences of @entity101 , smoking, and @entity4346 .

title: Prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and socioeconomic level among XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2298 :: ('MESH:D015228', 'Disease') :: ['hypertriglyceridemia']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity1007 :: ('MESH:D006937', 'Disease') :: ['hypercholesterolemia']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity1019 :: ('MESH:D012607', 'Disease') :: ['public-sector workers in Angola']

entities_list: @entity4346 :: ('MESH:D017379', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular and transmitted diseases', 'cardiovascular disease', 'Cardiovascular diseases']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity1019 :: (MESH:D012607,Disease) :: ['public-sector workers in Angola']


abstract: The clinical course, histopathology, and @entity5 DNA distribution patterns were analyzed in 95 @entity1 with @entity3243 . The median follow-up was 6 years (range 1-25 years). Eighteen @entity1 received a benign diagnosis at their first operation. The initial procedure was @entity5 resection in 42 @entity1 and @entity5 resection plus partial or total thyroidectomy in 40 @entity1 . Forty @entity1 developed @entity66 and 36 @entity1 underwent 1 to 9 re-operations. Cervical recurrence and lung @entity3 were most commonly encountered. The median time from the first operation to recurrence was 33 months (range 1-228 month). Twenty-one @entity1 died of @entity3243 a median of 28 months following discovery of their first recurrence. The histopathological reevaluation confirmed unequivocal @entity3243 , i.e., infiltration and/or @entity3 , in 41 cases. Fifty-four cases lacked these criteria but showed various forms of atypia. Image cytometry demonstrated @entity5 aneuploidy in 26 of 39 cases with definite @entity5 by histological criteria, compared to the 13 of the 52 with equivocal histological diagnosis. Twelve @entity1 with @entity5 and 7 @entity1 with @entity5 died of @entity3243 . In a multivariate analysis, @entity1 treated with extensive surgery, i.e., @entity5 resection and unilateral or bilateral thyroidectomy, had a longer survival and a longer relapse-free period. Other factors of importance for survival were age and histopathology. Histopathology and an aberrant nuclear DNA content were important factors for the time to recurrence. We conclude that histopathology alone is unable to confirm a @entity5 diagnosis in the absence of infiltration and/or @entity3 . Because recurrence may occur late, @entity1 should be followed closely. Even repeated surgical interventions have proven beneficial.

title: Prognostic factors in XXXX : a review of 95 cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['recurrent disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'euploid tumors', 'aneuploid tumors']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity3243 :: ('MESH:D010282', 'Disease') :: ['parathyroid cancer']

answer: @entity3243 :: (MESH:D010282,Disease) :: ['parathyroid cancer']


abstract: Mortality in cases of severe @entity565 attacks in @entity1 is evaluated at 1%. During initial medical care, repeated evaluation of clinical and para-clinical severity criteria constitutes the main therapeutic guide. Emergency care treatment is based mainly on @entity26 therapy, bronchodilatory therapy by discontinuous inhalation, and general corticotherapy. Intravenous @entity2544 treatment is controversial. The response after a few hours should allow a decision to be made [1] to follow up with outpatient treatment (rapid marked improvement), [2] to continue the hospital treatment (stabilization), or [3] to transfer to intensive care (worsening, exhaustion). In the intensive care unit, the treatment is based on continuous intravenous administration of @entity2263 mimetics in addition to the above therapies. The objective is to avoid resorting to assisted ventilation. When this proves necessary, it must not be detrimental; controlled @entity7633 allows @entity2915 linked to ventilation to be reduced. Prevention of relapse is indispensable. This requires hospitalization in a specialized care unit after discharge from intensive care.

title: [Management of severe acute @entity565 in XXXX in pediatric urgent and intensive care units].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity2544 :: ('MESH:D013806', 'Chemical') :: ['theophylline']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity7633 :: ('MESH:C536281', 'Disease') :: ['alveolar hypoventilation']

entities_list: @entity2915 :: ('MESH:D006948', 'Disease') :: ['dynamic hyper-inflation']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity341 ( @entity341 ) @entity1 often fail to follow-up with referrals to outpatient clinics and physicians. OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of 2 @entity341 discharge instructional methods on outpatient follow-up compliance and to evaluate sociodemographic characteristics as possible factors affecting outpatient follow-up compliance. DESIGN AND @entity1 : Randomized trial of @entity341 @entity1 . At discharge, the intervention group had their follow-up appointment made and the standard group was given our hospital's referral service phone number to make their own follow-up appointment. MEASUREMENTS: Outpatient clinics were called 1 month after each subject's @entity341 discharge to ascertain if they followed-up. Poisson regression was used to examine the effects of sociodemographic factors on follow-up compliance. RESULTS: Of 287 eligible subjects, 250 (87%) agreed to participate. Follow-up rates were 59% for the intervention group and 37% for the standard group (P<.001). Having a primary care physicians appeared to increase @entity341 @entity1 ' outpatient follow-up compliance and having Medicaid insurance appeared to decrease outpatient follow-up compliance, but neither of these findings was statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: In our @entity341 , @entity1 who have their outpatient follow-up appointment made at discharge have a significantly greater probability of follow-up compliance compared with @entity1 given standard discharge instructions. Most sociodemographic characteristics do not affect our @entity341 @entity1 ' follow-up compliance.

title: BRIEF REPORT: Factors affecting outpatient follow-up compliance of emergency department XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PARTICIPANTS', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['Emergency department', 'ED']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: PURPOSE: Platelet-rich plasma ( @entity16447 ) has been known to possess an efficacy in tissue regeneration. The aim of this study was to determine the role of @entity16447 on post-operative adhesion formation in an experimental @entity35 study. METHODS: Thirty @entity35 were randomly divided into control, hyaluronic acid, and @entity16447 treatment groups and operated on for uterine horn adhesion modeling. Blood was collected to produce a @entity16447 with platelet counts of 688  *  10(3)/ L, and 1  ml of either hyaluronic acid gel or @entity16447 was administered over the standard lesions, while the control group received no medication. The evaluation of post-operative adhesions was done on the 30th post-operative day. The location, extent, type, and tenacity of adhesions as well as total adhesion scores, tissue @entity32 , @entity82 and transforming growth factor-1beta (TGF-1b) expressions were evaluated. RESULTS: The total adhesion score was significantly lower in the @entity16447 group (3.2      1.5) compared with the hyaluronic acid (5.0      1.3) and control (8.1      1.7) groups. The extent of the adhesions was significantly lower in the @entity16447 group. There was no significant difference in the type and tenacity of adhesions between the hyaluronic acid and the @entity16447 group. The level of @entity32 was significantly higher in the control group than the others, while there was no difference between the @entity16447 and hyaluronic acid groups. TGF-1b expression was significantly lesser in the @entity16447 group than the control and hyaluronic acid groups. CONCLUSIONS: @entity16447 is more effective than @entity4023 treatment in preventing post-operative adhesion formation in an experimental @entity35 uterine horn adhesion model.

title: A randomized controlled experimental study of the efficacy of platelet-rich plasma and hyaluronic acid for the prevention of adhesion formation in a XXXX uterine horn model.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['rat', 'Sprague-Dawley rats']

entities_list: @entity4023 :: ('MESH:D006820', 'Chemical') :: ['hyaluronic acid']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the differences in mortality at 28 days and other prognostic variables in 2 periods: IBERICA-Mallorca (1996-1998) and Infarction Code of the Balearic Islands (IC-IB) (2008-2010). DESIGN: Two observational prospective cohorts. SETTING: Hospital Universitario Son Dureta, 1996-1998 and 2008-2010. @entity1 : Acute @entity301 with ST elevation of<= 24h of anterior and inferior site. MAIN VARIABLES OF INTEREST: Age, sex, cardiovascular risk factors, site of AMI, time delays, reperfusion therapy with fibrinolysis and primary angioplasty, administration of @entity117 , beta blockers and @entity7774 converting enzyme inhibitors. Killip class, malignant @entity943 , mechanical complications and @entity204 at 28 days were included. RESULTS: Four hundred and forty-two of the 889 @entity1 included in the IBERICA-Mallorca and 498 of 847 in the IC-IB were analyzed. The site and Killip class on admission were similar in both cohorts. The main significant difference between IBERICA and IC-IB group were age (64 vs. 58 years), prior @entity583 (17.9 vs. 8.1%), the median symtoms to first ECG time (120 vs. 90min), median first ECG to fibrinolysis time (60 vs. 35min), fibrinolytic therapy (54.8 vs. 18.7%), @entity1 without revascularization treatment (45.9 vs. 9.2%), primary angioplasty (1.0% vs. 92.0%). The mortality at 28 days was lower in the IC-IB (12.2 vs. 7.2%; hazard ratio 0.560; 95% CI 0.360-0.872; P=.010). CONCLUSION: The 28-day mortality in @entity1187 with ST elevation in Mallorca has declined in the last decade, basically due to increased reperfusion therapy with primary angioplasty and reducing delays time to reperfusion.

title: Comparative analysis between 2 periods of acute XXXX after a decade in Mallorca. IBERIA Study (996-1998) and Infarction-Code (2008-2010).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['acute coronary syndrome']

entities_list: @entity7774 :: ('MESH:D000809', 'Chemical') :: ['angiotensin']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary syndrome']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylsalicylic acid']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmias']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarction']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of @entity6 in high-risk pregnancies during the second or third trimester diagnosed by screening with the 75-gram oral @entity413 tolerance test (75 g-OGTT) and, to determine the prevalence of the need for insulin therapy after an initial dietary intervention. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. METHODS: Pregnant @entity1 at high-risk for @entity6 were challenged with the 75 g-OGTT in the second or third trimester, ideally between the 24th and the 28th week of pregnancy. The diagnosis of @entity6 was established when the fasting plasma @entity413 was >=  7.0 mmol/l or when the plasma @entity413 was >=  7.8 mmol/l two hours after the oral ingestion of 75 g @entity413 . The @entity1 with @entity6677 were initially treated with a dietary regime. Insulin treatment was added if the hyperglycaemia persisted. RESULTS: A total of 471 pregnant @entity1 were included. Of these @entity1 , 75.8% underwent the 75 g-OGTT between the 24th and 28th week of pregnancy; 24.2% underwent the test between the 28th and 35th week. The diagnosis of @entity6 was established in 24.2% of the pregnant @entity1 . Dietary intervention was successful in normalising the blood @entity413 levels in 77.2% of the cases. The remaining 22.8% needed the additional insulin treatment. CONCLUSION: We ascertained that the prevalence of @entity6 in high-risk pregnancies was high. In most cases, the @entity6 could be managed by diet. A multidisciplinary approach involving obstetricians, gynaecologists, dieticians and internists is needed to ensure a timely diagnosis and adequate treatment during pregnancy.

title: [Prevalence of XXXX in high-risk pregnancies: screened using an oral @entity413 tolerance test].

entities_list: @entity6677 :: ('MESH:D016640', 'Disease') :: ['gestational diabetes']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['gestational diabetes mellitus']

answer: @entity6677 :: (MESH:D016640,Disease) :: ['gestational diabetes']


abstract: PURPOSE: Dysembryoplastic @entity10053 (DNTs) are a group of glioneuronal supratentorial and intracortical lesions often associated with the early onset of intractable and crippling partial @entity410 . They are characterized by their location, multinodular architecture, and heterogeneous cell composition, with a specific glioneuronal element in the specific form. Foci of @entity6795 may be associated with the @entity5 , and identifying the presence and the extent of @entity6795 is not always easy on magnetic resonance images (MRIs). The purpose of this article is to evaluate, retrospectively, the usefulness of ictal single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging to assess the presence and the extent of @entity6795 associated with DNTs in nine @entity1 with intractable @entity1315 related to histopathologically confirmed DNTs. METHODS: The results of the subtraction of ictal and interictal SPECT coregistered to MRI (SISCOM) were compared with the results of the examinations of pathological material after surgery. RESULTS: SISCOM showed a strongly hyperperfused area corresponding anatomically to electroclinical abnormalities and to the location of DNTs on MRI. A circumscribed hyperperfusion was present in DNTs without @entity6795 , limited to the location of the @entity5 on MRI. In cases of associated @entity6795 , a widespread hyperperfusion including areas corresponding to normal perilesional regions on MRI was found. CONCLUSIONS: SISCOM, used among presurgical investigations, contributes to detecting @entity6795 associated with DNTs. Concordance between the symptomatogenic zone (defined from the medical history and electroclinical data), MRI scans, SISCOM pattern, and complete resection of the @entity302 zone was predictive of a good postsurgical outcome.

title: Contribution of SISCOM imaging in the presurgical evaluation of @entity1315 related to XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumoral lesion']

entities_list: @entity6795 :: ('MESH:D054220', 'Disease') :: ['cortical dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity1315 :: ('MESH:D004833', 'Disease') :: ['temporal lobe epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity10053 :: ('MESH:D018302', 'Disease') :: ['neuroepithelial tumors']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epileptic']

answer: @entity10053 :: (MESH:D018302,Disease) :: ['dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumors']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to examine the outcomes of combined chemotherapy using @entity1499 and @entity4316 in the management of @entity1 with low-risk @entity1469 ( @entity1469 ). The primary outcome is the total number of cycles of chemotherapy required to achieve a normal level of @entity1 chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). The secondary outcome is treatment-related @entity137 . METHODS: A retrospective chart review of all @entity1 with @entity1469 treated between 1996-2007 and 1991-2007 was performed at the Alberta @entity5 Institute and the British Columbia @entity5 Agency, respectively. @entity1 with low-risk @entity1469 , treated with 0.6 mg/m(2) @entity4316 (days 1 and 2) and @entity1499 100mg/m(2) were included. @entity137 were graded using the National @entity5 Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events. The number of cycles to achieve normalization of hCG was determined, and multivariate analyses were performed to identify factors associated with treatment duration. RESULTS: One hundred @entity1 were eligible. The average age was 29 years (range 15-46). The median number of cycles to achieve a normal hCG was 3 (range 1-11). Two @entity1 required second-line treatment and one @entity1 chose to proceed with hysterectomy. Ninety-eight percent of @entity1 were primarily cured with this regimen, and 2 were cured with second line treatment. Grade 3 and 4 hematologic @entity137 were experienced by 12% and 8% of @entity1 , respectively. Grade 2 and 3 @entity3136 or @entity33 were noted in 44% and 3% of @entity1 , respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Low-risk @entity1469 is reliably and rapidly cured with combined @entity1499 - @entity4316 . @entity137 is modest.

title: Combined XXXX - @entity4316 : an effective therapy for low-risk @entity1469 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'human', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['Toxicities', 'toxicity', 'Toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity3136 :: ('MESH:D013280', 'Disease') :: ['stomatitis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cross Cancer', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['mucositis']

entities_list: @entity1469 :: ('MESH:D031901', 'Disease') :: ['gestational trophoblastic neoplasia', 'GTN']

entities_list: @entity4316 :: ('MESH:D003609', 'Chemical') :: ['dactinomycin']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

answer: @entity1499 :: (MESH:D008727,Chemical) :: ['methotrexate']


abstract: PURPOSE: This paper studies how diagnosis is currently conceptualized in the field of psychiatry, and examines whether this mode of diagnosis is relevant for psychotherapeutic intervention. METHOD: Narrative literature review was used in this study. RESULTS: In the context of the DSM, diagnosis is equated with classification. Symptoms and complaints are approached in terms of a medical semiological model, and are seen as signs of underlying illness processes. In discussing this approach the author makes use of Gottlob Frege's theory, in which three aspects of a sign are discerned: the reference/referent or Bedeutung, the sense or Sinn, and the representation/idea or Vorstellung. Based on this distinction, it is argued that in the transition from the DSM-III to the @entity4987 much effort has been taken to disambiguate the sense attributed to symptoms and complaints, while @entity1 -specific ideas and representations have been excluded. This exclusion of the Vorstellung is criticized, both from a @entity146 and a psychotherapeutic perspective. Subsequently it is argued that whereas the DSM-III and DSM-IV avoided strong statements on etiology, the @entity4987 makes clear choices. The @entity4987 , and more recently the RDoC group within the NIMH, aims at developing systems of classification that start from the assumption that @entity146 are @entity75 . It is argued that by doing so a referent is classified that is different from the object of intervention that psychotherapeutic theories are concerned with. CONCLUSION: Such a view of diagnosis is not workable for psychotherapy. The exclusion of personal experiences associated with symptoms and complaints is problematic and the referent that recent @entity146 classification uses, that is, brain processes, is not compatible with the referent that psychotherapeutic theories use. Case formulation can be seen as an alternative to standard classification.

title: Diagnosis in the field of psychotherapy: a plea for an alternative to the XXXX .x.

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain disorders']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric', 'psychiatric disorders']

answer: @entity4987 :: (1398,Species) :: ['DSM-5']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVES: Current data for @entity1 > 2 years after lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS) for @entity2415 is limited. This prospective study evaluates pre-LVRS baseline data and provides long-term results in 26 @entity1 . INTERVENTION: Bilateral targeted upper lobe stapled LVRS using video thoracoscopy was performed in 26 symptomatic @entity1 (18 @entity1 ) aged 67 +/- 6 years (mean +/- SD) with severe and heterogenous distribution of @entity358 . Lung function studies were measured before and up to 4 years after LVRS unless death intervened. RESULTS: No @entity1 were lost to follow-up. Baseline FEV(1) was 0.7 +/- 0.2 L, 29 +/- 10% predicted; FVC, 2.1 +/- 0.6 L, 58 +/- 14% predicted (mean +/- SD); maximum @entity26 consumption, 5.7 +/- 3.8 mL/min/kg (normal, > 18 mL/min/kg); dyspneic class > or = 3 (able to walk < or = 100 yards) and @entity26 dependence part- or full-time in 18 @entity1 . Following LVRS, mortality due to @entity1576 at 1, 2, 3, and 4 years was 4%, 19%, 31%, and 46%, respectively. At 1, 2, 3, and 4 years after LVRS, an increase above baseline for FEV(1) > 200 mL and/or FVC > 400 mL was noted in 73%, 46%, 35%, and 27% of @entity1 , respectively; a decrease in @entity1353 grade > or = 1 in 88%, 69%, 46%, and 27% of @entity1 , respectively; and elimination of @entity26 dependence in 78%, 50%, 33%, and 22% of @entity1 , respectively. The mechanism for expiratory airflow improvement was accounted for by the increase in both lung elastic recoil and small airway intraluminal caliber and reduction in hyperinflation. Only FVC and vital capacity (VC) of all preoperative lung function studies could identify the 9 @entity1 with significant physiologic improvement at > 3 years after LVRS, respectively, from 10 @entity1 who responded < or = 2 years and died within 4 years (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Bilateral LVRS provides clinical and physiologic improvement for > 3 years in 9 of 26 @entity1 with @entity2415 primarily due to both increased lung elastic recoil and small airway caliber and decreased hyperinflation. The 9 @entity1 had VC and FVC greater at baseline (p < 0.01) when compared to 10 short-term responders who died < 4 years after LVRS.

title: Lung function 4 years after lung volume reduction surgery for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity2415 :: ('MESH:D004646', 'Disease') :: ['emphysema']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['emphysema on lung CT']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory failure']

answer: @entity2415 :: (MESH:D004646,Disease) :: ['emphysema']


abstract: The authors report a series of 22 cases of @entity3439 in @entity1 submitted to anticoagulant therapy. A review of the literature finds 150 cases. @entity3439 occurs in about one third of the @entity1 presenting @entity548 of central nervous system related to anticoagulant therapy. Among @entity3439 of any cause, the possible role of a previous anticoagulant therapy is stressed in 4,8 to 14% of cases. In most cases, long term anticoagulants were indicated for arterial or heart ( @entity63 ) lesions (16/22 cases). In 6 cases, anticoagulants were indicated for prevention or treatment of @entity1151 . In 18 cases, anticoagulant drug is from the group of @entity18689 or @entity21805 . In 3 cases, the only anticoagulant given to @entity1 was heparin. Pathogenic study suggests that hypocoagulability might not always be the only factor of @entity548 : high blood pressure, other drugs and @entity542 (10 cases) are often associated. Clinical features, in our series, are similar to those encountered in cases of subdural @entity1410 of any cause. According to the existence of a @entity128 and to the chronology of anticoagulant therapy, the authors divide their 22 @entity1 into 3 groups. The use of protamin @entity597 or @entity1 plasma fraction PPSB provides in few minutes a normal coagulability. Neurosurgical treatment in all our cases evacuated in 11 @entity1 a @entity6087 , in 2 cases an acute, and in 9 cases a subacute @entity1410 . Results were fair in 19 @entity1 with no sequelae. 3 @entity1 died during the immediate post-operative period. The authors conclude by stressing several preventive measures.

title: [Subdural XXXX and anticoagulant therapy].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3439 :: ('MESH:D006408', 'Disease') :: ['Subdural hematomas', 'subdural hematomas']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage', 'bleeding']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity18689 :: ('MESH:D001728', 'Chemical') :: ['dicoumarol']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['head trauma']

entities_list: @entity128 :: ('MESH:D020209', 'Disease') :: ['cranial injury']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary embolies']

entities_list: @entity6087 :: ('MESH:D020200', 'Disease') :: ['chronic subdural hematoma']

entities_list: @entity21805 :: ('MESH:D010630', 'Chemical') :: ['phenylindanedione']

entities_list: @entity597 :: ('CHEBI:16189', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfate']

answer: @entity1410 :: (MESH:D006406,Disease) :: ['hematoma']


abstract: CASE REPORT: @entity4545 ( @entity4545 )-secreting @entity977 is extremely rare. Only five cases are reported in the literature to date. We report the youngest @entity1 of @entity699 due to @entity4545 -secreting @entity4611 at the age of 4 months. The @entity1 presented with cushingoid facial features, @entity101 and @entity1952 . Serum @entity701 level was 97 microg/dl, with increased secretion of urinary free @entity701 ; plasma @entity4545 level was 353 pg/ml. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain showed a large contrast-enhancing solid mass sitting in the sellar region, with suprasellar and lateral extension. Surgical resection was done, and immunohistochemistry confirmed the diagnosis of @entity4545 -secreting @entity977 . Postoperatively, the @entity1 died of disseminated @entity1003 . CONCLUSION: @entity699 due to @entity4545 -secreting @entity4611 is a possible diagnosis in early infancy. This report, along with five previously reported cases in the literature, revealed a poor surgical outcome. This surgical morbidity is possibly attributed to difficult peroperative hemostasis due to @entity455 in @entity699 , which leads to excessive @entity190 , adverse hemodynamic changes, @entity296 and disseminated @entity1003 .

title: Giant XXXX at the age of 4 months: case report and review of the literature.

entities_list: @entity4545 :: ('5443', 'Gene') :: ['ACTH', 'Adrenocorticotropic hormone']

entities_list: @entity1952 :: ('MESH:D009896', 'Disease') :: ['optic atrophy']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vasculopathy']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity1003 :: ('MESH:D001778', 'Disease') :: ['intravascular coagulopathy']

entities_list: @entity699 :: ('MESH:D003480', 'Disease') :: ["Cushing's disease"]

entities_list: @entity4611 :: ('MESH:D010900', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary macroadenoma']

entities_list: @entity977 :: ('MESH:D010911', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary adenoma']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

answer: @entity4611 :: (MESH:D010900,Disease) :: ['pituitary macroadenoma']


abstract: Effective therapy in the earliest stages of @entity15 ( @entity15 ) demands early correct diagnosis. Retrospective analysis included 130 @entity1 (90 @entity1 ) with a median age of 35.5 years, median duration of the disease of 2 years and median EDSS score of 3.0. Twenty-seven @entity1 had @entity922 ( @entity922 ) suggestive of @entity15 , 66 relapsing-remitting (RR) @entity15 , 19 secondary progressive (SP) @entity15 and 18 primary progressive (PP) @entity15 . The predominant symptoms were sensory in 52% of the @entity1 with @entity922 compared to 27% in @entity1 with RRMS, whereas they were more often motor in @entity1 with PPMS. @entity1 with @entity922 had higher CSF cell counts than @entity1 diagnosed in later stages of the disease and oligoclonal bands were found in 89% of all @entity1 without statistically significant differences between the subgroups. Prolonged latencies of visual evoked potentials (VEP) were found in only 29% of @entity1 with @entity922 compared to 66% in RRMS, 75% in SPMS and 65% of PPMS @entity1 . Fifty-six percent of @entity1 with @entity922 , 88% with RRMS, 74% with SPMS and 78% of @entity1 with PPMS fulfilled modified the Barkhof et al. MRI criteria at the time of diagnosis. @entity1 in @entity15 often present with sensory symptoms. Brain MRI can be inconclusive in over 40% of @entity1 with @entity922 but the elevated CSF cell count and positive oligoclonal bands are helpful in establishing the diagnosis of @entity922 suggestive of @entity15 . In later stages of the disease the combination of clinical features, MRI, prolonged VEP latencies and positive CSF oligoclonal bands secures the correct diagnosis.

title: Clinical, MRI, CSF and electrophysiological findings in different stages of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['early MS', 'MS', 'multiple sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity922 :: ('MESH:D013568', 'Disease') :: ['clinically isolated syndrome', 'CIS']

answer: @entity15 :: (MESH:D009103,Disease) :: ['multiple sclerosis']


abstract: AIMS: The aim of this study was to use the concept of Maslow's hierarchy of needs and apply this to @entity164  1 @entity6 . METHODS: Qualitative methods were employed using semi-structured interviews with 101 @entity1 from 13 countries. Grounded theory was used for data collection and analysis, with thematic analysis employed to identify the interviewees' needs. RESULTS: Sixteen needs were identified and links between these were mapped. Aligning these with Maslow's hierarchy allowed for a hierarchy to be developed for @entity164  1 @entity6 with 'Policies', 'Organization of health system', ' @entity2690 , 'Delivery of @entity2690 , 'Control', 'Healthcare workers' and 'Information and education' at the base, as they were needed for survival. Next came 'Community, family and peers' and changing roles for 'Healthcare workers' in their approach to care and delivering 'Information and education'. This enabled @entity1 to learn how to use ' @entity2690 , 'Delivery of @entity2690 and 'Control' flexibly. @entity1 's 'Experience' and 'Personality' then helped them 'Adapt' and 'Be open' about their @entity6 , allowing for 'Acceptance' and viewing ' @entity6 as something positive'. CONCLUSIONS: Despite limitations, this work highlights that some needs are required for survival and others for well-being. Some are tangible as they can be directly provided, whereas others are intangible and cannot be provided directly by the health system. These results might be used for policy and practice in identifying needs that are met within a health system or what needs are lacking for the individual to then implement targeted interventions.

title: Developing a hierarchy of needs for @entity164 1 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['people', 'People']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetes', 'diabetes']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']


abstract: @entity1460 are a commodity crop of significant economic and nutritional interest. As an important source of protein, buyers of @entity1460 are interested in not only the total protein content but also in the specific @entity1522 that comprise the total protein content. Raman spectroscopy has the chemical specificity to measure the twenty common @entity1522 as pure substances. An unsolved challenge, however, is to quantify varying levels of @entity1522 mixed together and bound in @entity1460 at relatively low concentrations. Here we report the use of transmission Raman spectroscopy as a secondary analytical approach to nondestructively measure specific @entity1522 in intact @entity1460 . With the employment of a transmission-based Raman instrument, built specifically for nondestructive measurements from bulk @entity1460 , spectra were collected from twenty-four samples to develop a calibration model using a partial least-squares approach with a random-subset cross validation. The calibration model was validated on an independent set of twenty-five samples for oil, protein, and @entity535 predictions. After Raman measurements, the samples were reduced to a fine powder and conventional wet chemistry methods were used for quantifying reference values of protein, oil, and 18 @entity1522 . We found that the greater the concentrations (% by weight component of interest), the better the calibration model and prediction capabilities. Of the 18 @entity1522 analyzed, 13 had R(2) values greater than 0.75 with a standard error of prediction c.a. 3-4% by weight. @entity563 , @entity3793 , @entity1434 , @entity2340 , and @entity1853 showed poor predictions (R(2) < 0.75), which were likely a result of the small sampling range and the low concentration of these components. It is clear from the correlation plots and root-mean-square error of prediction that Raman spectroscopy has sufficient chemical contrast to nondestructively quantify protein, oil, and specific @entity1522 in intact @entity1460 .

title: XXXX quantification in bulk @entity1460 by transmission Raman spectroscopy.

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity3793 :: ('CHEBI:27570', 'Chemical') :: ['histidine']

entities_list: @entity1853 :: ('MESH:D008715', 'Chemical') :: ['methionine']

entities_list: @entity2340 :: ('CHEBI:27897', 'Chemical') :: ['tryptophan']

entities_list: @entity1460 :: ('3847', 'Species') :: ['Soybeans', 'soybeans']

entities_list: @entity563 :: ('CHEBI:17822', 'Chemical') :: ['Serine']

answer: @entity535 :: (CHEBI:33704,Chemical) :: ['Amino acid']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3057 often causes compressive @entity602 . Ossification is a progressive disease, and it has been reported that the area of ossification increases after decompressive surgery. However, it is uncertain how the progression of ossification affects the long-term outcome after cervical laminoplasty. This study was performed to clarify the relationship between the progression of @entity3057 and the clinical results following en bloc cervical laminoplasty. METHODS: Forty-five @entity1 who were followed for more than ten years after laminoplasty participated in this study. Radiographs and tomograms of the cervical spine of each @entity1 were made before and after the operation and at the time of the latest follow-up. The extent of ossification in the longitudinal and sagittal axes was evaluated. Neurological function was graded with use of the Japanese Orthopaedic Association scoring system. The relationship between the progression of ossification and the score-based rate of recovery was analyzed. RESULTS: Thirty-three (73%) of the @entity1 had progression of @entity3057 after laminoplasty. Progression was frequent in @entity1 with the mixed type of ossification and in those with the continuous type, whereas it was rare in @entity1 with the segmental type. The @entity1 with progression of the ossification were significantly younger than those without progression (p = 0.018). The Japanese Orthopaedic Association score improved rapidly within one year and continued to improve up to five years after surgery. The score tended to decrease thereafter. For thirteen @entity1 , the score had worsened at the time of the latest follow-up. Three @entity1 had @entity16 following an increase in the thickness of the ossification. CONCLUSIONS: Progression of @entity3057 was often observed during the long-term follow-up period after laminoplasty. Young @entity1 with mixed and continuous types of ossification had the greatest risk for progression. Preventive measures, such as the use of a wider laminar opening during the laminoplasty, should be considered for @entity1 who are at risk for progression of ossification.

title: Progression of XXXX following en bloc cervical laminoplasty.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deterioration']

entities_list: @entity602 :: ('MESH:D013118', 'Disease') :: ['myelopathy']

entities_list: @entity3057 :: ('MESH:D017887', 'Disease') :: ['ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament', 'Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament']

answer: @entity3057 :: (MESH:D017887,Disease) :: ['ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Platelet activation and @entity715 renewal are keys to intraluminal @entity715 formation and progression of @entity1028 ( @entity1028 ). This study explored the ability of @entity3077 , a P2Y(12) receptor antagonist, to inhibit platelet activation and prevent @entity439 development in a @entity35 experimental model of @entity1028 . METHOD: @entity449 were induced by implanting a segment of @entity3208 -decellularized @entity840 aorta in @entity35 aortas. One day later, @entity35 were randomized to @entity3077 (10 mg/kg twice daily by mouth) or diluent (n = 23 per group) for either 10 (n = 18) or 42 days (n = 28). @entity857 ( @entity857 )-mediated @entity1423 , @entity439 expansion, intraluminal @entity715 formation, inflammatory infiltration, @entity6929 ( @entity6929 ) expression, and smooth muscle cell colonization were measured. RESULTS: @entity3077 inhibited @entity857 -induced @entity1423 in vivo for 12 hours, justifying twice-daily administration in @entity35 . The spontaneous increase in aortic diameter shown in the aneurysmal model (2.22 +/- 0.56 mm at day 10 vs 5.21 +/- 1.22 mm at day 42) was reduced with @entity3077 (3.61 +/- 1.46 mm at day 42, P < .01). This beneficial effect was associated with a significant reduction of @entity715 development, platelet CD41 expression (P < .05), and leukocyte infiltration of the @entity715 at days 10 and 42 (P < .01). @entity6929 expression correlated with @entity715 area and was significantly reduced by @entity3077 (P < .05). @entity3077 limited elastic fiber degradation (P < .05) and enhanced progressive colonization of the @entity715 by smooth muscle cells at day 42 (P < .01). CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that inhibition of platelet activation limits intraluminal @entity715 biologic activities, thereby impairing @entity439 development.

title: Effect of blocking platelet activation with @entity3077 on development of @entity1028 in a XXXX aneurysmal model.

entities_list: @entity449 :: ('MESH:D001014', 'Disease') :: ['Aortic aneurysms']

entities_list: @entity3208 :: ('MESH:D012967', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium dodecyl sulfate']

entities_list: @entity1423 :: ('MESH:D001791', 'Disease') :: ['platelet aggregation']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['mural thrombus', 'thrombus']

entities_list: @entity857 :: ('MESH:D000244', 'Chemical') :: ['ADP', 'Adenosine diphosphate']

entities_list: @entity1028 :: ('MESH:D017544', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal aortic aneurysms', 'AAA']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Individuals born before 33 weeks' gestation (very preterm, VPT) have an increased likelihood of @entity16 , @entity73 , and reduced academic performance in childhood. It is currently not known whether neurological signs detected in VPT @entity1 persist into adulthood or become attenuated by maturation of the CNS. METHOD: We assessed 153 VPT individuals and 71 term-born controls at 17-18 years old, using a comprehensive neurological examination. This examination divides neurological signs into primary and integrative domains, the former representing the localising signs of classical neurology, and the latter representing signs requiring integration between different neural networks or systems. Integrative signs are sub-divided into three groups: sensory integration, motor @entity911 , and sequencing. The VPT individuals have been followed up since birth, and neonatal information is available on them, along with the results of neurological assessment at 4 and 8 years of age and neuropsychological assessment at 18 years of age. RESULTS: The total neurology score and primary and integrative scores were significantly increased in VPT young adults compared to term-born controls. Within the integrative domain, sensory integration and motor @entity911 scores were significantly increased in the VPT group, but sequencing was not significantly different between the VPT and term groups. Integrative @entity16 at 18 were strongly associated with reduced IQ but primary abnormalities were not. CONCLUSIONS: Neurological signs are increased in VPT adults compared to term-born controls, and are strongly associated with reduced neuropsychological function.

title: XXXX in young adults born preterm.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['impaired cognitive function']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological abnormality', 'neurological abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity911 :: ('MESH:D003221', 'Disease') :: ['confusion']

answer: @entity16 :: (MESH:D009422,Disease) :: ['Neurological abnormalities']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Cerebral angiography is associated with a small but definite risk of @entity16 with an unknown incidence of clinically silent @entity887 . We assessed the @entity16 rate compared with the frequency of silent @entity887 after angiography METHODS: We used diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) before and after angiography to assess @entity887 . 100 consecutive angiographies (66 diagnostic and 34 interventional procedures) were done on 91 @entity1 . @entity1 underwent neurological assessment before, immediately after, and 1 day after angiography. FINDINGS: Before angiography, no abnormalities were seen on diffusion-weighted MRI. Diffusion-weighted MRI showed 42 bright lesions in 23 @entity1 after 23 procedures (17 diagnostic, six interventional) in a pattern consistent with @entity887 . There was no new @entity51 after any angiographic procedure. After diagnostic angiography in @entity1 with a history of @entity455 , the frequency of lesions was significantly higher than in @entity1 without vascular risk factors (12 [44%] of 27 vs five [13%] of 39 @entity1 , p=0.03). In diagnostic angiography, the appearance of lesions was significantly correlated with whether vessels were difficult to probe (p=0.01), amount of contrast medium needed (p<0.01), fluoroscopy time (p<0.01), and use of additional catheters (p=0.02). INTERPRETATION: After diagnostic and interventional cerebral angiography, @entity887 are more frequent than the apparent @entity16 rate. In diagnostic procedures, the incidence of @entity887 is closely related to a vascular risk profile.

title: Silent XXXX in diagnostic cerebral angiography and neurointerventional procedures: a prospective study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vasculopathy']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological complication', 'neurological complications']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deficit']

entities_list: @entity887 :: ('MESH:D004617', 'Disease') :: ['embolic events', 'embolism']

answer: @entity887 :: (MESH:D004617,Disease) :: ['embolism']