abstract: CONTEXT: Pancreatic @entity5 ( @entity788 ) are notoriously resistant to currently available chemotherapy agents. Preclinical data has suggested synergy between @entity2903 and @entity416 . OBJECTIVE: To report a retrospective data on the efficacy and safety of @entity416 and @entity2903 (CAPTEM regimen) in @entity1 with metastatic @entity788 ( @entity788 ) who have failed prior therapies. METHODS: We reviewed the medical records of 7 @entity1 with metastatic @entity788 who had had progressive @entity5 prior to treatment despite therapy, including long-acting release @entity2390 (60 mg/month), chemotherapy and hepatic chemoembolization. @entity416 was administered at a flat dose of 1,000 mg orally twice daily on days 1-14 and @entity2903 200 mg/m   was given in two divided doses daily on days 10-14 of a 28-day cycle. Tumor assessments were repeated every two cycles and serum @entity5 markers were measured every cycle. Response to treatment was assessed using Response Evaluation Criteria in @entity5 (RECIST) parameters, and @entity137 was graded using the National @entity5 Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE), version 3.0. RESULTS: Among 7 @entity1 treated, three @entity1 achieved a partial response, and two @entity1 had stable disease. Total response rate was 43%, and clinical benefit (responders and stable disease) was 71%. Median duration of response was 8 months (range: 4-12 months). Grade 3 and 4 @entity137 included grade 3 @entity882 in one @entity1 and grade 3 fatigue in one @entity1 . The most common @entity137 were grade 1 and 2 @entity1398 , grade 1 fatigue, grade 1 and 2 @entity8566 . CONCLUSIONS: Our retrospective study showed that modified CAPTEM regimen was well-tolerated and produced comparable response to historical data in @entity5 , including @entity788 . Our study is unique as it only included @entity1 with @entity788 . Further prospective studies are warranted to evaluate the combination of CAPTEM regimen with targeted therapies in @entity788 .

title: A retrospective study of @entity416 / @entity2903 (CAPTEM) regimen in the treatment of metastatic XXXX ( @entity788 ) after failing previous therapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors', 'pNETs']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity416 :: ('MESH:C110904', 'Chemical') :: ['capecitabine', 'Capecitabine']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Solid Tumors', 'cancer', 'neuroendocrine tumors', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity8566 :: ('MESH:D060831', 'Disease') :: ['hand-foot syndrome']

entities_list: @entity2390 :: ('MESH:D015282', 'Chemical') :: ['octreotide']

entities_list: @entity2903 :: ('MESH:C047246', 'Chemical') :: ['temozolomide']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors']


abstract: @entity8 is a @entity2241 incompatible with extrauterine life. Accurate prenatal diagnosis is essential for @entity1 counseling. False-negative diagnoses have been reported and were attributed to the sonographic misidentification of apparently hypertrophied fetal adrenal glands as fetal kidneys. To study the relationship between @entity8 and adrenal size, we reviewed autopsy records from 11 affected fetuses that had undergone careful autopsy and organ weight determination in our laboratory. Anomalies of distant structures were present in five affected fetuses. A sonographic diagnosis of @entity1184 had been made in two cases. In four of 11 fetuses, the glands had taken on a flattened discoid appearance. The autopsy records of 240 normal fetuses were similarly reviewed, and regression lines were generated for adrenal weight based on foot length and crown-rump length. The adrenal weights from affected fetuses were well within normal limits when compared with these normal regression lines and with organ weight standards from the literature. We conclude that @entity1184 is not a common finding in this syndrome and that the reported false-negative diagnoses are more likely attributable to a change in adrenal shape rather than a true increase in adrenal mass.

title: Size of the fetal adrenal in bilateral XXXX .

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['Bilateral renal agenesis', 'renal agenesis']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['adrenal hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity2241 :: ('MESH:D005315', 'Disease') :: ['fetal malformation']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['renal agenesis']


abstract: The prevalence and characteristics of @entity439 were identified by transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) in a multicenter prospective study. One hundred and seventy-seven consecutive @entity1 were evaluated in 2 years and 2 groups were compared: Group 1, 51 @entity1 with documented @entity2806 event; Group 2, 126 @entity1 affected by @entity299 referred for other reasons. Group 1 included @entity1 selected among 352 @entity1 admitted to the Neurological and Geriatric Division of our Hospital in the period of this study. @entity1 with @entity64 -related @entity66 and @entity1 with a negative TC scan were excluded from this study. @entity439 was identified in 15 @entity1 : 8 in Group 1 (16%), and 7 in Group 2 (5%), with a significant statistical difference between the groups (p = 0.02). All @entity1 with @entity439 underwent before TEE transthoracic echocardiography, leading to a correct diagnosis in 10 of 15 cases (66%); all @entity1 underwent 24-hours ECG monitoring. A right to left shunt was detected by contrast echocardiography in 9 @entity1 , 6 in Group 1 and 3 in Group 2, (NS). A more pronounced shunt was evident in Group 1. There was no difference between the 2 groups with regard to associated @entity299 , @entity943 and type of @entity439 . The thickness of the septum was greater in Group 1, with significant statistical difference (p = 0.002). It is concluded that @entity439 , diagnosed by TEE, is a potential source of @entity887 .

title: [Evaluation of @entity439 with transesophageal echocardiography in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['carotid lesions']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral ischemia']

entities_list: @entity887 :: ('MESH:D004617', 'Disease') :: ['embolic events']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['Atrial septal aneurysm', 'atrial septal aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac disease']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmias']

answer: @entity2806 :: (MESH:D002545,Disease) :: ['cardioembolic cerebral ischemia']


abstract: Carbapenem- and multiply-resistant @entity3064 (C-MRAB) are challenging pathogens, often susceptible only to polymyxins and @entity9001 . We reviewed clinical outcomes in relation to antibiotic treatment for 166 consecutive @entity1 infected or colonised with these organisms at 18 hospitals around London, UK. Clinical data were obtained along with the isolates, which were typed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Outcomes were compared for colonised and infected @entity1 and in relation to treatment, with associations examined by logistic regression. Most subjects (103/166; 62%) were in Intensive Care Units (ICUs) or high dependency units; 84 (50.6%) were judged to be infected and 73 (44.0%) were colonised, with 9 indeterminate. Among the 166 C-MRAB isolates, 141 belonged to OXA-23 clone 1, a European clone II lineage. Survival rates among infected and colonised @entity1 were 68% and 67%, respectively (P > 0.05), indicating little attributable mortality. Univariate and multivariate analyses indicated poorer outcomes among @entity281 @entity1 and those with @entity358 , whereas @entity130 @entity1 had significantly better outcomes than the generality. Outcomes varied with hospital, even in multivariate analysis, reflecting either differences in management or case mix. There was little association between outcome and therapy with @entity3273 and/or @entity9001 except that, among @entity1 with @entity1729 , 12/15 treated with intravenous @entity3273 alone had poor outcome compared with 1/8 whose therapy include nebulised @entity3273 . This difference was significant (P=0.003), although the @entity1 receiving nebulised drug were mostly younger, included @entity130 cases and were at a hospital with good outcomes.

title: Antimicrobial treatment and clinical outcome for XXXX with carbapenem- and multiply-resistant @entity3064 around London.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3273 :: ('MESH:D003091', 'Chemical') :: ['colistin']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['ICU-infected']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary infection or bacteraemia']

entities_list: @entity1729 :: ('MESH:D012141', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory infection']

entities_list: @entity3064 :: ('470', 'Species') :: ['Acinetobacter baumannii']

entities_list: @entity9001 :: ('MESH:C119092', 'Chemical') :: ['tigecycline']

answer: @entity281 :: (MESH:D007239,Disease) :: ['infections']


abstract: @entity356 is a common @entity5 in many countries of the world, especially in Asia. Prevention is likely to be the most effective means of not only reducing the incidence but also mortality from this disease. The term 'chemoprevention' has been referred to the prevention of @entity5 using specific agents to suppress or reverse the carcinogenic process. In recent years, attention has been focused on the anticancer properties of edible plants, an important role in the prevention of disease. Hibiscus sabdariffa Linne (Malvaceae), an attractive plant believed to be native to Africa, is cultivated in the Sudan and Eastern Taiwan. The purpose of this study was to examine whether the plant, @entity498 ( @entity498 ), affects the apoptosis of @entity15206 cells. Using a set of apoptotic detection assays, they showed that @entity498 induced @entity137 and apoptosis of @entity15206 cells in a concentration-dependent manner but is ineffective in Chang liver cells. The result also revealed increased phosphorylation in @entity1435 , @entity4675 and @entity1178 , @entity4674 release, and expression of Fas, @entity12 , @entity589 , and t- @entity5353 in the @entity498 -treated @entity15206 cells. We further used MAPK inhibitors to evaluate their effect on the @entity498 -induced @entity15206 death. The data showed that @entity1441 ( @entity1435 inhibitor), @entity4675 inhibitor I and II or transfection with the mutant @entity4675 expression vector had strong potential in inhibiting @entity15206 cells apoptosis and related proteins expression. Finally, we suggested that @entity498 mediated @entity15206 apoptosis via the @entity4675 / @entity1435 signaling cascade. According to these results, @entity498 could be developed as a chemopreventive agent.

title: Chemopreventive properties of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. on human @entity356 cells through apoptosis induction and XXXX / @entity1435 MAPK signaling activation.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'malignancy']

entities_list: @entity498 :: ('MESH:C538322', 'Disease') :: ['H. sabdariffa extracts', 'HSE']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['Gastric cancer']

answer: @entity4675 :: (5599,Gene) :: ['JNK']


abstract: Drug resistance is a major hurdle to the success of chemotherapy. The permeability glycoprotein (P-gp) is an important factor dictating drug access to the cells, as it controls the efflux of chemotherapeutic agents against the concentration gradient. Pmd1, a P-gp-like protein, was recently isolated as a @entity632 resistance gene in @entity6739 . Although the null mutant of pmd1 (/\pmd1) exhibited sensitivity to @entity632 , it showed an unexpectedly high resistance to the drug at relatively high concentrations. The data presented here suggest that this is due to the presence of cooperative processes that can complement and counteract drug @entity137 in the absence of Pmd1. One such factor, Rav1, is an essential factor in controlling the assembly of the pH-regulating transporter vacuolar-ATPase (V-ATPase) in @entity6739 . The simultaneous disruption of Pmd1 and Rav1 resulted in a prominent accumulation of @entity632 in the cytoplasm of cells, accompanied by a decline in cell viability. With concurrent treatment of pharmacological inhibitors in @entity1 @entity5 cells, P-gp and V-ATPase were further shown to act synergistically to sensitize cells to @entity632 also in the @entity1 cells. Furthermore, a novel Cornichon-like protein SPAC2C4.05 (herein named as @entity28992 ) was demonstrated for the first time to be involved in the interaction with P-gp and V-ATPase to counteract @entity632 -dependent @entity137 . Therefore this study identified a molecular cooperation between multiple membrane transporter proteins that confers chemoresistance to cells against the chemical insult of @entity632 . Interestingly, this network exhibited differential effects to @entity632 as compared with its close epimeric analog @entity1259 , suggestive of the intricacy of the drug response regulated by this synergistic interaction. A model is discussed on how the versatility of this network can differentiate closely related chemical drug structures yet allow for the robustness to counteract a vast range of drugs.

title: P-glycoprotein and vacuolar ATPase synergistically confer anthracycline resistance to XXXX and @entity1 cells.

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity6739 :: ('4896', 'Species') :: ['fission yeast']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cervical cancer']

entities_list: @entity1259 :: ('MESH:D015251', 'Chemical') :: ['epirubicin']

answer: @entity6739 :: (4896,Species) :: ['fission yeast']


abstract: PURPOSE: Many @entity1 who present with early-stage @entity14 (International Union Against @entity5 stages I and II) are nevertheless at high risk of relapse. We hypothesized that intratumoral immune reaction could influence their prognosis. @entity1 AND METHODS: The intratumoral immune reaction was investigated in 29 @entity5 by large-scale real-time polymerase chain reaction. Cytotoxic ( @entity405 ) and memory (CD45RO) T cells were quantified by immunohistochemical analyses of tissue microarrays from the center (CT) and the invasive margin (IM) of the 602 @entity5 from two independent cohorts. The results were correlated with @entity5 recurrence and @entity1 survival. RESULTS: @entity1 with a strong infiltration of CD45RO(+) cells in the @entity5 exhibited an increased expression of T-helper 1 and @entity137 -related genes. Densities of @entity1195 RO(+) and @entity405 (+) cells in @entity5 regions (CT/IM) classified the @entity1 into four distinct prognostic groups based on the presence of high density of each marker in each @entity5 region. The four groups were associated with dramatic differences in disease-free, disease-specific, and overall survival (all P < .0001). Five years after diagnosis, only 4.8% (95% CI, 0.6% to 8.8%) of @entity1 with high densities of @entity405 (+) plus CD45RO(+) cells had @entity5 recurrence, and 86.2% (CI, 79.4% to 93.6%) survived. In contrast, the @entity5 recurred in 75% (95% CI, 17% to 92.5%) of @entity1 with low densities of these cells, and only 27.5% (95% CI, 10.5% to 72%) survived (all P < .0001). Multivariate analyses showed that the immune criteria had independent effects on the rates of complete remission and survival. CONCLUSION: The combined analysis of @entity405 (+) plus CD45RO(+) cells in specific @entity5 regions could provide a useful criterion for the prediction of @entity5 recurrence and survival in @entity1 with early-stage @entity14 .

title: In situ cytotoxic and memory T cells predict outcome in XXXX with early-stage @entity14 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Cancer TNM', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Efficacy and tolerability of a gel preparation with 0.025% @entity1968 and 4% @entity2929 in @entity5477 was evaluated in an open multicentre study. A total of 1337 @entity1 of either sex, aged 8 to 68 years, were enrolled in the study; 13 had to be excluded from analysis. Some 499 @entity1 had received former acne treatment; this was described as non-efficient or poorly efficient in 90% of the @entity1 . The treatment period lasted up to 14 weeks. Efficacy was determined by counting the @entity75 (comedones, papules and pustules) before drug administration and every second week during the treatment period. Lesions had diminished after 2 weeks in about 35% of the @entity1 . At the end of the treatment period, comedones were eliminated in 47.0% and improved in another 41.4%. Papules were eliminated and improved in 58.2% and 32.6%, pustules in 74.3% and 18.3% respectively. Side-effects (erythema, burning, @entity111 , scaling and dryness of the skin) occurred in 203 @entity1 (15.3%). Treatment was stopped in 25 subjects (1.9%) due to intolerance reactions. The results of the present study thus confirm the high efficacy and tolerability of the fixed combination observed previously in more selected @entity1 . The fixed combination of @entity1968 and @entity2929 makes @entity1968 treatment possible even by a general practitioner.

title: Efficacy and tolerability of combined topical treatment of @entity5477 with XXXX and @entity2929 in general practice.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5477 :: ('MESH:D000152', 'Disease') :: ['acne vulgaris']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['acne lesions']

entities_list: @entity2929 :: ('MESH:D004917', 'Chemical') :: ['erythromycin']

entities_list: @entity111 :: ('MESH:D011537', 'Disease') :: ['pruritus']

entities_list: @entity1968 :: ('MESH:D014212', 'Chemical') :: ['tretinoin', 'retinoic acid']

answer: @entity1968 :: (MESH:D014212,Chemical) :: ['tretinoin']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The prevalence of @entity591 ( @entity591 ) increases with age in Fontan @entity1 . This study aimed to characterize the atrial electroanatomic substrate for @entity591 late after Fontan surgery. METHODS AND RESULTS: Detailed electroanatomic mapping of the right atrium (RA) was performed in 11 consecutive @entity1 (33    9 years) with older style Fontan circulation (atriopulmonary and atrioventricular connection) who underwent their first radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) for @entity591 . A comparative group of 30 non-Fontan @entity299 ( @entity299 ) @entity1 were also studied. Fontan @entity1 had larger RA (P = 0.004), larger low-voltage area  <= 0.5 mV (P = 0.01), and more fractionated potentials (P < 0.001) than non-Fontan @entity299 @entity1 . RA enlargement correlated significantly with both low-voltage zones (Spearman   = 0.68, P < 0.001) and fractionated potentials (Spearman   = 0.48, P = 0.001). Among Fontan @entity1 , both age and time since Fontan surgery were significantly correlated to the amount of low-voltage areas (Spearman   = 0.87, P < 0.001; Spearman   = 0.63, P = 0.04, respectively). Successful RFCA was accomplished in 30 (73%) @entity1 and was less likely in Fontan @entity1 (54% vs 83%, P = 0.04). Larger RA was significantly associated with a lower success rate (P = 0.04). During a follow-up duration of 2.3    1.6 years, @entity591 recurred in 47% of @entity1 . Larger RA size and larger low-voltage areas predicted @entity591 recurrence after RFCA. CONCLUSION: Fontan @entity1 demonstrate progressive adverse atrial electrical remodeling with increasing age and time since surgery. Newer strategies beyond surgical incisions, such as pharmacotherapies that retard the progression of @entity82 , may be required to reduce the long-term risk of @entity943 .

title: Evolving electroanatomic substrate and XXXX late after Fontan surgery.

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['IART', 'intra-atrial reentrant tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['CHD', 'congenital heart disease']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['atrial arrhythmias']

answer: @entity591 :: (MESH:D013610,Disease) :: ['intra-atrial reentrant tachycardia']


abstract: Several reports have shown that bicyclic @entity23411 , specific inhibitors of the @entity1995 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), block cytokine synthesis at the translational level. In this study, we examined the role of @entity1995 in the regulation of the @entity635 cytokine gene in monocytic cell lines using the bicyclic @entity8304 @entity1441 . Addition of @entity1441 30 min before stimulation of monocytes with @entity558 inhibited @entity635 protein and steady state message in a dose-dependent manner in both RAW264.7 and @entity19 cell lines. The loss of @entity635 message was due mainly to inhibition of transcription, since nuclear run-off analysis showed an approximately 80% decrease in specific IL-1 RNA synthesis. In contrast, @entity1441 had no effect on the synthesis of @entity637 message. @entity558 -stimulated @entity1995 MAPK activity in the RAW264.7 cells was blocked by @entity1441 , as measured by the inhibition of MAPKAP2 kinase activity, a downstream target of the @entity1995 . @entity16509 ( @entity16509 )/ @entity19775 -driven @entity2755 acetyltransferase (CAT) reporter activity was sensitive to @entity1441 , indicating that @entity16509 / @entity19775 transcription factor(s) are also targets of @entity1995 . In contrast, transfected CAT constructs containing NF-kappaB elements were only partially inhibited (approximately 35%) at the highest concentration of @entity1441 after @entity558 stimulation. As measured by EMSA, @entity558 -stimulated NF-kappaB activation was not affected by @entity1441 . Overall, the results demonstrate, for the first time, a role for @entity1995 in @entity635 transcription by acting through @entity16509 / @entity19775 transcription factors.

title: The role of XXXX mitogen-activated protein kinase in @entity635 transcription.

entities_list: @entity8304 :: ('MESH:C029899', 'Chemical') :: ['imidazole']

entities_list: @entity16509 :: ('12606(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['CCAATT/enhancer binding protein', 'C/EBP']

entities_list: @entity2755 :: ('MESH:D002701', 'Chemical') :: ['chloramphenicol']

entities_list: @entity23411 :: ('MESH:D007093', 'Chemical') :: ['imidazoles']

answer: @entity1995 :: (26416(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['p38']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Traditionally, penetrating keratoplasty (PK) has been the only surgical treatment for @entity1 with @entity13189 and @entity2372 . Over the last several years, an alternative technique has become viable. Descemet's stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK) is a partial transplant that replaces only posterior corneal tissue, leaving the healthy anterior @entity267 intact. METHODS: A retrospective review of the current literature was conducted. RESULTS: Initially, DSAEK surgeons were plagued by high graft dislocation and failure rates. However, modifications have been made to drastically reduce these numbers. With a predictable @entity2516 , lower rejection rates, and faster recovery time, DSAEK appears ready to surpass PK as the primary surgical option for @entity409 . CONCLUSIONS: Corneal @entity409 is a problem more commonly seen in the middle-age and elderly populations. Until recently, the only option available for these @entity1 was a full-thickness PK. DSAEK is a promising new alternative that preserves the normal healthy @entity267 , allowing a faster and more stable recovery. This article discusses the indications, procedure, and management of DSAEK and comparisons to PK.

title: What DSAEK is going on? An alternative to penetrating keratoplasty for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2516 :: ('MESH:D012030', 'Disease') :: ['refractive error']

entities_list: @entity2372 :: ('MESH:C562399', 'Disease') :: ['pseudophakic bullous keratopathy']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['endothelial dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity13189 :: ('MESH:D005642', 'Disease') :: ["Fuchs' dystrophy"]

answer: @entity409 :: (MESH:D008107,Disease) :: ['endothelial dysfunction']


abstract: The frequency of @entity526 O157 genotypes among @entity291 , food, and @entity1 clinical isolates from The Netherlands was studied. Genotyping included the lineage-specific polymorphism assay (LSPA6), the Shiga-toxin-encoding bacteriophage insertion site assay (SBI), and PCR detection and/or subtyping of virulence factors and markers [stx1, @entity23345 )/ @entity23345 ), q21/Q933, tir( @entity29845 ), and rhsA( @entity29846 )]. LSPA6 lineage II dominated among @entity291 isolates (63%), followed by lineage I/II (35.6%) and lineage I (1.4%). In contrast, the majority of the @entity1 isolates were typed as lineage I/II (77.6%), followed by lineage I (14.1%) and lineage II (8.2%). Multivariate analysis revealed that the tir( @entity29845 ) SNP and the @entity23345 )/ @entity23345 ) gene variants were the genetic features most differentiating @entity1 from @entity291 isolates. @entity291 and food isolates were dominated by @entity23345 ) (86.4% and 65.5%, respectively). Among @entity1 isolates, the frequency of @entity23345 ) was 36.5%, while the frequencies of @entity23345 ) and @entity23345 ) plus @entity23345 ) were 41.2% and 22.4%, respectively. @entity291 isolates showed equal distribution of tir(255A) (54.8%) and tir(255T) (45.2%), while @entity1 isolates were dominated by the tir(255T) genotype (92.9%). LSPA6 lineage I isolates were all genotype @entity23345 ) and tir(255T), while LSPA6 lineage II was dominated by tir(255A) (86.4%) and @entity23345 ) (90.9%). LSPA6 lineage I/II isolates were all genotype tir(255T) but showed more variation in stx(2) types. The results support the hypothesis that in The Netherlands, the genotypes primarily associated with @entity1 disease form a minor subpopulation in the @entity291 reservoir. Comparison with published data revealed that the distribution of LSPA6 lineages among @entity291 and @entity1 clinical isolates differs considerably between The Netherlands and North America.

title: Genetic features differentiating @entity291 , food, and @entity1 isolates of shiga toxin-producing XXXX O157 in The Netherlands.

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

answer: @entity526 :: (562,Species) :: ['Escherichia coli']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We undertook this study to validate the @entity16 ( @entity16 ) in juvenile and adult @entity5442 , to describe the degree and types of damage and to develop predictors of damage. METHODS: Retrospective @entity16 evaluations and prospective assessment of disease activity and illness features were conducted. @entity1 with @entity66 (n = 143) were evaluated a median of 18 months after diagnosis; 135 @entity1 were assessed 7-9 months later, and 121 were last assessed a median of 82 months after diagnosis. Ninety-six @entity1 with adult-onset @entity6017 or @entity6558 had a baseline assessment a median of 30 months after diagnosis; 77 @entity1 had a 6-month followup evaluation, and 55 had a final assessment a median of 60 months after diagnosis. RESULTS: Damage was present in 79% of juvenile @entity1 and in 97% of adult @entity1 . In juveniles, scarring, @entity1159 , persistent @entity425 , @entity121 , and @entity730 were most frequent (23-30%) at the last evaluation. In adults, @entity2057 , @entity121 , and @entity425 were most frequent (74-84%). @entity16 severity correlated with physician-assessed global damage, serum @entity1011 , and @entity2057 on magnetic resonance imaging, and in juveniles also with functional disability and @entity425 . @entity16 scores and frequency were highest in @entity1 with a @entity102 and in adult @entity1 who died. Predictors of damage included functional disability, duration of active disease, disease severity at diagnosis, physician-assessed global disease activity, and illness features, including ulcerations in @entity1 and @entity2396 in adults. CONCLUSION: Damage is common in @entity5442 after a median duration of 5 years in @entity1 with @entity66 and 6.8 years in @entity1 with @entity66 . The @entity16 has good content, construct, and predictive validity in juvenile and adult @entity5442 .

title: Damage extent and predictors in adult and juvenile dermatomyositis and @entity6558 as determined with the XXXX damage index.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity6017 :: ('MESH:D003882', 'Disease') :: ['dermatomyositis']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['adult-onset disease', 'juvenile-onset disease']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['MDI damage', 'MDI', 'Myositis Damage Index']

entities_list: @entity2396 :: ('MESH:D010493', 'Disease') :: ['pericarditis']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['muscle weakness', 'weakness']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic illness course']

entities_list: @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['calcinosis']

entities_list: @entity1159 :: ('MESH:D003286', 'Disease') :: ['contractures']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity2057 :: ('MESH:D009133', 'Disease') :: ['muscle atrophy']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['muscle dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity6558 :: ('MESH:D017285', 'Disease') :: ['polymyositis']

answer: @entity5442 :: (MESH:D009220,Disease) :: ['myositis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: the aim of the study was to ascertain the attitudes of Swedish midwives towards management of @entity6632 and birth and to compare the attitudes of midwives at university hospitals with those at general hospitals. DESIGN: this cross-sectional descriptive and comparative study used an anonymous self-administrated questionnaire for data collection. Descriptive and analytic statistics were carried out for analysis. @entity1 : the answers from midwives (n=259) were collected in a prospective SWEMID study. SETTING: the midwives had experience of working on delivery wards in maternity units with neonatal intensive care units (NICU) in Sweden. FINDINGS: in the management of @entity6632 and birth, midwives agreed to initiate interventions concerning steroid prophylaxis at 23 gestational weeks (GW), caesarean section for @entity3152 only at 25 GW, when to give information to the neonatologist before birth at 23 GW, and when to suggest transfer to NICU at 23 GW. Midwives at university hospitals were prone to start interventions at an earlier gestational age than the midwives at general hospitals. Midwives at university hospitals seemed to be more willing to disclose information to the parents. KEY CONCLUSIONS: midwives with experience of handling very preterm births at 21-28 GW develop a positive attitude to interventions at an earlier gestational age as compared to midwives without such experience. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: based on these results we suggest more communication and transfer of information about the advances in perinatal care and exchange of knowledge between the staff at general and university hospitals. Establishment of platforms for inter-professional discussions about ethically difficult situations in perinatal care, might benefit the management of @entity6632 and birth.

title: Attitudes of Swedish midwives towards management of extremely XXXX and birth.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity3152 :: ('MESH:D007752', 'Disease') :: ['preterm labour']

entities_list: @entity6632 :: ('MESH:C536353', 'Disease') :: ['very preterm labour']

answer: @entity3152 :: (MESH:D007752,Disease) :: ['preterm labour']


abstract: AIMS AND BACKGROUND: @entity1725 ( @entity1725 ) is a rare clinical entity characterized by diffuse intraabdominal gelatinous collections with mucinous implants on the peritoneal surfaces and omentum. This condition should be considered a borderline @entity5 with disease progression over time. Encouraging treatment results have been recently reported with the combination of @entity1104 ( @entity1104 ) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC). METHODS: . From December 2003 to December 2010, 18 @entity1 with @entity1725 were referred to our institution. All @entity1 underwent peritonectomy and @entity1104 combined with HIPEC in accordance with Sugarbaker's procedure. RESULTS: The mean Peritoneal Cancer Index score was 27.6 (range, 5-39). Twelve (67%) @entity1 had disseminated peritoneal adenomucinosis and 6 (33%) peritoneal @entity189 . Optimal cytoreduction with no visible @entity66 or @entity66  <=2.5 mm in diameter was achieved in all @entity1 . The mean duration of the surgical procedure including HIPEC was 9 hours and 30 minutes (range, 5-13 hours); major morbidity occurred in 30% of @entity1 and the mortality was 11%. The mean follow-up was 27 months (range, 1-72) and the 5-year overall survival 66%. CONCLUSIONS: In line with the existing literature, our experience suggests that @entity1 with @entity1725 could benefit from @entity1104 + HIPEC in terms of survival and locoregional disease control.

title: XXXX treated with @entity1104 and hyperthermic chemotherapy: a 7-year single-center experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['residual disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['mucinous carcinomatosis']

entities_list: @entity1725 :: ('MESH:D011553', 'Disease') :: ['PMP', 'Pseudomyxoma peritonei']

entities_list: @entity1104 :: ('MESH:D000267', 'Disease') :: ['CRS', 'cytoreductive surgery']

answer: @entity1725 :: (MESH:D011553,Disease) :: ['Pseudomyxoma peritonei']


abstract: At the time of diagnosis, 20% to 25% of @entity1 with @entity14 already have liver metastases, the presence of which is a most important prognostic factor. A 64-year-old @entity1 was admitted to our hospital for investigation of @entity417 and @entity96 . Examinations revealed ascending @entity694 with more than 40 liver metastases and 2 lung metastases. We performed right hemicolectomy with lymph node dissection, which was followed by @entity1487 / @entity4181 , @entity901 , plus bevacizumab (FOLFOX-BV). After 4 courses of chemotherapy, the lung metastases were in complete remission and the liver metastases had shrunk. We suggested the option of radical liver resection, but the @entity1 declined initially as he had not suffered any severe side effects of FOLFOX-BV. After 23 courses of the chemotherapy, he agreed to undergo hepatectomy. We performed extended right lobectomy with partial left and caudal lobe resection. All of the macroscopic metastatic lesions were resected. Histopathologically, viable @entity5 cells were recognized in 7 of the 43 liver metastatic lesions. Postoperatively, FOLFOX-BV was restarted and continued for 10 months. At the time of writing, 15 months after the hepatectomy, the @entity1 was well without evidence of recurrence of the @entity5 .

title: Successful combination therapy of radical liver resection with @entity1487 / @entity4181 , @entity901 , plus bevacizumab for ascending XXXX with pulmonary and 43 liver metastases: report of a case.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity4181 :: ('MESH:D002955', 'Chemical') :: ['leucovorin']

entities_list: @entity901 :: ('MESH:C030110', 'Chemical') :: ['oxaliplatin']

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['multiple liver tumors']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['5-fluorouracil']

answer: @entity694 :: (MESH:D003110,Disease) :: ['colon cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To assess the efficacy and safety of S-1 and @entity900 with concurrent thoracic radiation for unresectable stage III @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ). METHODS: Eligible @entity1 were 20-74 years old and had histologically or cytologically confirmed @entity1149 , a performance status of 0-1, and no prior chemotherapy. @entity1 were treated with @entity900 (60 mg m(-2) on day 1) and S-1 (orally at 40 mg m(-2) per dose, b.i.d., on days 1-14), with the treatment repeated every 4 weeks for four cycles. Beginning on day 2, a 60-Gy thoracic radiation dose was delivered in 30 fractions. RESULTS: Of 50 @entity1 , 48 were eligible. Partial response was observed in 42 @entity1 (87.5%; 95% CI: 79.1-96.9%). This regimen was well tolerated. Common @entity137 included grade 3/4 @entity1398 (32%), grade 3/4 @entity1431 (32%), grade 3/4 @entity882 (4%), grade 3 @entity1398 (6%), grade 3 @entity354 (10%), and grade 3 @entity55 (5%). Median progression-free survival was 12.0 months and median overall survival was 33.1 months. The 1- and 2-year survival rates were 89.5 and 56%, respectively. CONCLUSION: This chemotherapy regimen with concomitant radiotherapy is a promising treatment for locally advanced @entity1149 because of its high response rates, good survival rates, and mild @entity137 .

title: Phase II trial of S-1 and XXXX with concurrent radiotherapy for locally advanced @entity1149 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonitis']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small-cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia', 'febrile neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity1431 :: ('MESH:D007970', 'Disease') :: ['leukopenia']

entities_list: @entity354 :: ('MESH:D005764', 'Disease') :: ['oesophagitis']

answer: @entity900 :: (MESH:D002945,Chemical) :: ['cisplatin']


abstract: 1. The sequence of renal cellular membrane damage induced by @entity801 was studied in the @entity35 by using the release of alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, muramidase and protein from renal cells as indices of @entity8 . 2. The protective effect of a combination of @entity270 and @entity4259 against @entity8 was also investigated. 3. @entity801 (60 mg kg-1 body weight) was nephrotoxic within 12 h of the first dose. 4. The plasma membrane of the renal tubules is damaged before the lysosomal membrane is affected. 5. A combination of @entity270 (1 mg g-1 body weight) and @entity4259 (4 x 10(-3) mg g-1 body weight) attenuates the @entity8 induced by @entity801 . Results suggest synergism between @entity270 and @entity4259 in attenuating the @entity8 . The possible mechanism of attenuation is discussed. 6. @entity270 and @entity4259 may have anti-diuretic potential.

title: @entity270 and @entity4259 in XXXX nephrotoxicity.

entities_list: @entity801 :: ('MESH:D005839', 'Chemical') :: ['gentamicin', 'Gentamicin']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal damage']

entities_list: @entity270 :: ('MESH:D014810', 'Chemical') :: ['Vitamin E', 'vitamin E']

entities_list: @entity4259 :: ('MESH:D012643', 'Chemical') :: ['selenium']

answer: @entity801 :: (MESH:D005839,Chemical) :: ['gentamicin']


abstract: PURPOSE: In this study we compared the outcomes of @entity1 with complex cryptoglandular @entity292 treated by endorectal advancement flap or anal fistula plug. METHODS: We performed a retrospective analysis of @entity1 with @entity9292 treated by endorectal advancement flap or anal fistula plug from January 1996 through April 2007. @entity1 with noncryptoglandular @entity292 or insufficient follow-up were excluded. Results were obtained with a combination of chart reviews, mailed questionnaire, and phone interviews. Success was defined as a closed external opening in absence of symptoms at a minimal follow-up time of six months. RESULTS: Forty-three @entity1 had an endorectal advancement flap and 37 @entity1 had an anal fistula plug procedure. The two cohorts were comparable for age, gender, smoking status, fistula type, and previous failed treatments. The success rate was 63 percent in the endorectal advancement flap group and 32 percent in the anal fistula plug group (P = 0.008), after a mean follow-up of 56 (range, 6-136) months for endorectal advancement flap and 14 (range, 6-22) months for anal fistula plug. CONCLUSIONS: The current study indicates that the endorectal advancement flap provides a higher success rate than the anal fistula plug. Randomized trials are needed to further elucidate the efficacy and potential functional benefit of the anal fistula plug in the treatment of @entity9292 .

title: Treatment of XXXX by endorectal advancement flap or collagen fistula plug: a comparative study.

entities_list: @entity9292 :: ('MESH:D012003', 'Disease') :: ['transsphincteric anal fistulas', 'complex anal fistulas']

entities_list: @entity292 :: ('MESH:D005402', 'Disease') :: ['fistulas']

answer: @entity9292 :: (MESH:D012003,Disease) :: ['transsphincteric anal fistulas']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Incorrect placement of pedicle screws may lead to @entity531 , so the position is important for the reduction of @entity174 . CT-based image-guided surgery has been promoted as a means to theoretically improve the accuracy of pedicle screw placement. @entity1 who underwent CT-based navigation-assisted pedicle screw fixation for @entity174 were reviewed to evaluate the accuracy of pedicle screw placement for spinal @entity174 cases. METHODS: A computed tomographic (CT)-based image-guided system (BrainLAB) was used for pedicle screw insertion in 14 @entity1 with @entity1514 or lumbar spine fractures. The accuracy of pedicle screw placement was analyzed by the preoperative and postoperative Cobb's angle and sagittal screw angle with a review of radiographic images, and the penetration of the pedicle cortex by postoperative CT scans. RESULTS: Under the guidance of CT-based navigation 102 screws were inserted. Cobb's angle was corrected to an average of 15 degrees in the 14 @entity1 . The sagittal screw angle was less than 10 degrees for 92 (90.2 %) screws, and the overall average was 5 degrees. The results of the postoperative CT review showed only 3 (2.9 %) screws penetrated the pedicle cortex laterally and no screw penetrated medially. No iagtrogenic @entity16 was found. CONCLUSION: The accuracy of pedicle screw placement is crucial for thoracolumbar spine @entity174 fixation. The placement of pedicle screws can be done accurately with the aid of a CT-based image-guided system. Furthermore, this opens the possibility for surgeons to reduce radiation exposure by eliminating the need for intraoperative fluoroscopy.

title: Computed tomography-based navigation-assisted pedicle screw insertion for XXXX and lumbar spine fractures.

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['thoracic or lumbar fractures', 'fracture', 'spinal fractures']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological injury']

entities_list: @entity531 :: ('MESH:D013901', 'Disease') :: ['neurovascular injury']

answer: @entity1514 :: (MESH:D013896,Disease) :: ['thoracic']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1262 ( @entity1262 ) is well known to cause multidrug resistance (MDR) in @entity5 cells. This MDR leads to @entity5 recurrence which is a major obstacle in @entity5 treatment. High @entity1262 expression has been observed in the population of @entity5 stem cells (CSCs) having self-renewal potential. Early detection and inhibition of these CSCs is directly beneficial to @entity5 treatment. In this study @entity1524 derivatives are used to inhibit efflux process and thereby enhance bioavailability of various drugs like @entity1311 ( @entity4045 ). This drug is most commonly used for the treatment of @entity5 of breast, ovary, head and neck. @entity1524 derivatives can be used to reduce the growth of @entity0 stem cells through @entity1262 mediated efflux inhibition and @entity1311 bioavailability enhancement. With the use of computational approaches including molecular docking simulation and pharmacophore study, few @entity1524 derivatives have been found to be more potential inhibitors of @entity1262 mediated efflux. Based on high affinity inhibitors, new @entity1524 derivatives have been designed and docked at active site cavity of P-gps. Some newly designed @entity1524 derivatives were found to be more potent due to their higher binding affinity towards target protein. The finding that newly designed @entity6397 can be exploited for inhibition of @entity1262 mediated efflux in order to enhance @entity1311 bioavailability and can inhibit @entity0 stem cell growth is significant for designing potent anticancer drugs.

title: Inhibition of @entity1262 Mediated Efflux of @entity1311 by XXXX Derivatives in Cancer Stem Cells: An insilico Approach.

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity1524 :: ('MESH:C030123', 'Chemical') :: ['Coumarin', 'coumarin']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity6397 :: ('MESH:D003374', 'Chemical') :: ['coumarins']

answer: @entity1524 :: (MESH:C030123,Chemical) :: ['Coumarin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A post hoc analysis from a multiphase trial with open-label transition and maintenance phases, a double-blind relapse prevention phase, and an optional open-label extension examined the long-term tolerability with continuous once-monthly injectable @entity16864 39, 78, 117, or 156 mg (25, 50, 75, or 100 mg equivalents [mg eq] of @entity7302 ) in subjects with recently diagnosed ( <=5 years; n = 216) versus @entity102 (>5 years; n = 429) @entity161 . METHODS: Adverse events reported at a >= 2% margin between subgroups were identified. Relative risks (in the recently diagnosed compared with the chronically ill) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were determined, and CI not including 1 were considered potentially significant. RESULTS: In both subgroups, the mean monthly dose was 109 mg (69.9 mg eq). Continuous mean exposures were 333.9    271.9 and 308.7    278.3 days in the recently diagnosed and @entity102 subgroups, respectively. Using the criteria outlined in the methods, @entity11266 was a potentially significant event reported in more chronically ill than recently diagnosed subjects at months 6, 9, 12, and endpoint (7.2% versus 2.8%; relative risk 0.384; 95% CI 0.163-0.907). @entity683 (2.8% versus 0.7%; relative risk 3.9; 95% CI 1.003-15.730) and @entity2588 (3.2% versus 0.9%; relative risk 3.476; 95% CI 1.029-11.744) at endpoint were potentially significant events in more recently diagnosed than chronically ill subjects. Mean weight changes, sedation/somnolence, any extrapyramidal symptom-related or @entity413 -related events were generally similar between the groups. The mean @entity4090 level increased in both sexes in both subgroups (changes from baseline of +41.8 ng/mL and +26.5 ng/mL in recently diagnosed and @entity102 females and +12.3 ng/mL and +15.1 ng/mL in recently diagnosed and @entity102 males, respectively), and were higher in females with recently diagnosed illness than in females who were chronically ill (P = 0.0002 at endpoint). @entity4090 -related events were reported by 7.9% of recently diagnosed subjects with @entity161 and 3.5% of those who were chronically ill. CONCLUSION: The long-term tolerability of @entity16864 was generally similar in recently diagnosed @entity161 subjects and those with more @entity102 , with the exception of some @entity4090 -related measures.

title: Long-term tolerability of once-monthly injectable XXXX in subjects with recently diagnosed @entity161 .

entities_list: @entity7302 :: ('MESH:C079150', 'Chemical') :: ['paliperidone']

entities_list: @entity11266 :: ('MESH:D009304', 'Disease') :: ['nasopharyngitis']

entities_list: @entity2588 :: ('MESH:D000568', 'Disease') :: ['amenorrhea']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic illness']

entities_list: @entity4090 :: ('5617', 'Gene') :: ['prolactin', 'Prolactin']

entities_list: @entity683 :: ('MESH:D007251', 'Disease') :: ['Influenza']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity16864 :: ('MESH:C548956', 'Chemical') :: ['paliperidone palmitate']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity16864 :: (MESH:C548956,Chemical) :: ['paliperidone palmitate']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Lesions located in the pineal region represent a surgical challenge. Multiple approaches to this region have been described, each with its advantages and disadvantages. We report the first application of the endoscopic supracerebellar infratentorial approach for complete resection of a @entity979 . Unlike transventricular endoscopy, this technique poses no risk to the fornices and can be applied independent of ventricular size. CASE DESCRIPTION: A 21-year-old @entity1 sought treatment for @entity892 . Magnetic resonance images of brain revealed a heterogeneous, contrast-enhancing mass that originated from the pineal gland. This @entity5 exerted the mass effect on the tectum and invaded to the bilateral dorso-medial thalamus and hypothalamus but caused no obstructive @entity1276 . The results of a cytological study of the cerebrospinal fluid, alpha-fetoprotein, and beta- @entity1 chorionic gonadotropin were negative. The @entity1 was referred for the surgical work-up. TECHNIQUE: The @entity1 was positioned in the semi-sitting position. The supracerebellar infratentoria corridor was accessed through two paramedian burr holes, which provided natural by-gravity cerebellar traction. The excellent illumination and magnification without sacrificing the inferior occipital sinus could be achieved with the aid of the endoscope. The @entity979 was resected completely via the full-endoscopic approach. Postoperatively, the @entity1 's @entity892 resolved completely, and his hospital course was uneventful. CONCLUSIONS: Taking the advantages of the endoscope and peculiar supracerebellar infratentoria corridor, we could successfully remove the gross-total @entity5 without violating the critical @entity531 . Moreover, this approach can be performed regardless of the size of the ventricle. Consequently, it is an excellent minimally invasive surgical option for resection of symptomatic @entity979 .

title: Endoscopic supracerebellar infratentorial retropineal approach for XXXX resection.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['hydrocephalus']

entities_list: @entity979 :: ('MESH:D010871', 'Disease') :: ['pineal tumor']

entities_list: @entity892 :: ('MESH:D004172', 'Disease') :: ['diplopia']

entities_list: @entity531 :: ('MESH:D013901', 'Disease') :: ['neurovascular structures']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumor']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to investigate whether perceived exertion, perceived comfort and working technique is associated with the incidence of neck and @entity1109 among professional computer users. METHODS: At baseline a self-administered questionnaire was distributed to 853 @entity1 from 46 different work sites (382 @entity1 and 471 @entity1 ) who, at baseline, had been free from neck and @entity1109 during the preceding month. Work-related exposures, individual factors, and symptoms from the neck and upper extremities were assessed. Observations of working technique were performed by ergonomists using an ergonomic checklist. Incidence data were collected by means of 10 monthly questionnaires, asking for information on the occurrence of neck, shoulder and arm/hand symptoms. Perceived exertion was rated on a modified Borg RPE scale ranging from 0 (very, very light) to 14 (very, very strenuous). Perceived comfort was rated on a 9-point scale ranging from -4 (very, very poor) to +4 (very, very good) in relation to the chair, computer screen, keyboard, and computer @entity19 . RESULTS: The median follow up time was 10.3 months. The incidence of symptoms from the neck, shoulders and arm/hands were 50, 24 and 34 cases per 100 @entity1 years, respectively.Higher perceived exertion in the neck, shoulder or arm/hands was associated with an increased risk of developing symptoms in the corresponding body region. Moreover, a dose-response relationship between the level of exertion and the risk of developing symptoms was recorded for all three regions. There was an association between low comfort and an increased risk for neck symptoms, but not for shoulder and arm/hand symptoms, although a trend towards such an association (not statistically significant) could be seen. Working technique was, in this study, not associated with the risk of developing symptoms in any of the investigated body regions. CONCLUSION: There was a strong association between high perceived exertion and the development of neck, shoulder, and arm/hand symptoms. Moreover, there was an association between poor perceived comfort and @entity4048 . Surveillance of computer users may include perceived exertion and comfort to target individuals at risk for neck and @entity1109 .

title: Perceived exertion, comfort and working technique in professional computer users and associations with the incidence of neck and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'person', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['upper extremity symptoms']

answer: @entity1109 :: (MESH:D012678,Disease) :: ['upper extremity symptoms']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity71 ( @entity71 ) is the most common @entity4934 . Research has shown that even with the growing incidence of @entity1 diagnosed as having @entity71 , physicians may find providing optimal care to these @entity1 challenging. Our objective was to contrast existing clinical management of @entity71 in a family medicine setting with published American Academy of Pediatrics guidelines and review the literature pertinent to differences. METHODS: A report was generated for all visits with " @entity71 " or "ADD" ( @entity71 ) as a current or past medical problem that had been addressed at the family medicine clinic from July 2012 to June 2014. A total of 60 pediatric @entity1 were identified. A retrospective chart review of clinical practice and management patterns for these @entity1 was completed using a standardized data collection form based on the 2011 @entity71 treatment guidelines set by the American Academy of Pediatrics. RESULTS: Fifty-seven (95%) @entity1 had documentation of at least one core symptom of @entity71 , and 27 (45%) @entity1 had documentation of these symptoms in more than one setting (clinic/school/home). Only 30 (50%) @entity1 were assessed at the initial @entity71 visit for coexisting conditions. Coexisting conditions were found to be present in 20 (33.3%) @entity1 . Of these 20 @entity1 , coexisting conditions were not addressed during the visit in 12 (60%) @entity1 before drug therapy for @entity71 was initially prescribed. Behavioral therapy was initiated as first-line monotherapy in one of the nine preschool-age @entity1 (4-5 years old). Fifty-two (86.7%) @entity1 received a preferred initial medication as identified by guidelines, and 41 (78.8%) of those @entity1 received an appropriate initial dose. Fifty-one (85%) @entity1 were assessed for improvement of symptoms, and 39 (65%) were assessed for adverse events. Of 62 documented medication adjustments, 54 (87.1%) adjustments coincided with current practice guidelines. Sixteen (26.7%) @entity1 were referred to mental health specialists. CONCLUSIONS: This retrospective review identified areas of strength and @entity425 for attending physicians and medical residents in the diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of @entity1 with @entity71 . A significant need was identified for more physician-focused education on the evaluation of coexisting conditions and long-term management associated with @entity71 therapy. Further training in the initiation of behavioral therapy as a first-line treatment above drug therapy and proper medication selection in @entity1 aged 4 to 5 years also are recommended.

title: Clinical Management of XXXX in a Family Medicine Residency Program: Comparison with AAP Guidelines.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity71 :: ('MESH:D001289', 'Disease') :: ['attention-deficit disorder', 'ADHD', 'Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder']

entities_list: @entity4934 :: ('MESH:D019954', 'Disease') :: ['neurobehavioral disorder']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['weakness']

answer: @entity71 :: (MESH:D001289,Disease) :: ['ADHD']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Many techniques have been developed to soften the cervix to reduce complications following surgical dilatation. @entity1420 inhibits myometrial contractility and its secretion during pregnancy ensures cervical competence. We used the @entity1420 antagonist @entity3927 as a cervical ripening agent and evaluated its effect prior to office hysteroscopy. METHODS: Fifty-eight healthy non-pregnant @entity1 aged 18-50 were studied in a randomized double-blind study. They received @entity3927 (200 mg) or placebo 30 h prior to hysteroscopy. A Hegar test was performed prior to drug administration and again before hysteroscopy. A visual analogue @entity158 scale was used to assess @entity158 . RESULTS: Medical history, physical examination and blood tests were similar in both groups, except for serum @entity1420 which was higher in the study group. Hegar measurement prior to drug ingestion was similar in both groups and after a mean time of 30.3 h increased in both groups. Neither the DeltaHegar measurement nor the @entity158 scale was different in the two groups. There was also no effect of the high @entity1420 levels. CONCLUSIONS: Unlike its dramatic effect in the pregnant uterus, @entity3927 administered 30 h prior to hysteroscopy was not effective in ripening the cervix of non-pregnant @entity1 .

title: @entity3927 does not induce cervical softening in non-pregnant XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3927 :: ('MESH:D015735', 'Chemical') :: ['mifepristone']

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone', 'Progesterone']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe the demographic characteristics, clinical features, functional status and quality of life of elderly-onset (EORA) and young-onset (YORA) @entity309 ( @entity309 ) @entity1 in an Asian cohort. METHODS: We studied all @entity309 @entity1 in our prospective disease registry, utilizing baseline data. EORA was defined as disease onset at 60 years or older. We collected data from January 2001 to December 2012. RESULTS: There were 1206 @entity1 in our cohort, of which 178 (14.8%) had EORA, with a mean age of onset of 66.7    5.6 years. There were more males in the EORA than YORA group (23.0% vs. 14.7%, P = 0.005). EORA @entity1 were diagnosed sooner after symptom onset and had a higher number of comorbidities (median 2 [inter-quartile range 1-3] vs. 1 (0-2), P < 0.001). They were less likely to be @entity309 factor positive, had higher erythrocyte sedimentation rate values and lower hemoglobin concentrations. There was no significant difference in joint counts, Disease Activity Score of 28 joints activity score and prevalence of radiographic erosions. Though EORA @entity1 had worse Health Assessment Questionnaire scores and poorer functional status than YORA ones, they had lower @entity158 scores and higher scores in the general health and mental component summary of the Short Form-36. EORA @entity1 received significantly lower numbers of disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs. CONCLUSIONS: EORA and YORA @entity1 had different demographic characteristics. Although they had similar disease activities, EORA @entity1 received less intensive treatment. EORA @entity1 had a higher number of @entity309 -related co-morbidities and poorer physical functioning but they coped better emotionally and mentally.

title: Comparison of elderly- and young-onset XXXX in an Asian cohort.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA', 'rheumatoid']

answer: @entity309 :: (MESH:D001172,Disease) :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The role of breast screening in @entity0 mortality declines is debated. Screening impacts @entity5 mortality through decreasing the number of advanced @entity5 with poor diagnosis, while @entity5 treatment works through decreasing the case-fatality rate. Hence, reductions in @entity5 @entity204 rates thanks to screening should directly reflect reductions in advanced @entity5 rates. We verified whether in breast screening trials, the observed reductions in the risk of @entity0 could be predicted from reductions of @entity0 rates. @entity1 AND METHODS: The Greater New York Health Insurance Plan trial (HIP) is the only breast screening trial that reported stage-specific @entity5 for the screening and for the control group separately. The Swedish Two-County trial (TCT)) reported size-specific fatalities for @entity5 @entity1 in both screening and control groups. We computed predicted numbers of @entity0 , from which we calculated predicted relative risks (RR) and (95% confidence intervals). The Age trial in England performed its own calculations of predicted relative risk. RESULTS: The observed and predicted RR of @entity0 were 0.72 (0.56-0.94) and 0.98 (0.77-1.24) in the HIP trial, and 0.79 (0.78-1.01) and 0.90 (0.80-1.01) in the Age trial. In the TCT, the observed RR was 0.73 (0.62-0.87), while the predicted RR was 0.89 (0.75-1.05) if overdiagnosis was assumed to be negligible and 0.83 (0.70-0.97) if extra @entity5 were excluded. CONCLUSIONS: In breast screening trials, factors other than screening have contributed to reductions in the risk of @entity0 most probably by reducing the fatality of advanced @entity5 in screening groups. These factors were the better management of @entity0 @entity1 and the underreporting of @entity0 as the underlying cause of @entity204 . Breast screening trials should publish stage-specific fatalities observed in each group.

title: Observed and Predicted Risk of XXXX in Randomized Trials on @entity0 Screening.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer fatality', 'cancers', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer', 'breast cancer deaths', 'breast cancer death', 'advanced breast cancer']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['Breast Cancer Death']


abstract: Chemokines induced during an acute immune alloresponse cause cellular infiltration of the allograft. These chemokines and cells are excreted with urine. The aim of the study was to assess the diagnostic utility of urinary excretion of @entity2842 and certain cells involved in infiltration i.e. CD3+, @entity10685 + and HLA-DR+ cells. The study entailed 35 @entity1 with acute renal rejection and 65 with a stable graft function. Urinary sediments were prepared by means of cytospin and stained with anti-CD3, anti- @entity10685 , anti-HLA-DR labeled monoclonal antibodies. Urinary expression of @entity2842 was assayed by ELISA. In the @entity1 with acute rejection @entity2842 level was ten-fold higher than in the @entity1 with a stable graft function (6.1+/-3.4 vs 0.6+/-0.4 ng/mg @entity1011 ). The number of CD3+ cells was over 5 times higher than in the non-rejection @entity1 (13.4+/-4.6 vs 2.5+/-2.2). The number of HLA-DR+ cells was 6 times higher in the acute rejection @entity1 (15.7+/-5.9 vs 2.5+/-2.7). The number of @entity10685 + cells was significantly increased in the @entity1 during an acute rejection episode (p<0.0001). CD3+, HLA-DR+ and @entity10685 + cell counts strongly correlated with urine excretion of @entity2842 . The counts of CD3+ and HLA-DR+ cells correlated with Banff score. The assessment of @entity2842 as well as CD3+, @entity10685 + and HLA-DR+ cells can provide a useful non-invasive device for the diagnosis of acute rejection. A sole assay of HLA-DR+ cell excretion provides enough specificity and sensitivity for the routine monitoring of @entity1 after kidney transplantation, saving costs and time.

title: Activated cells in urine and XXXX ( @entity2842 )--sensitive rejection markers in renal graft recipients.

entities_list: @entity2842 :: ('6347', 'Gene') :: ['MCP-1', 'monocyte chemotactic peptide-1']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

answer: @entity2842 :: (6347,Gene) :: ['monocyte chemotactic peptide-1']


abstract: Twelve @entity1 with primary @entity149 were treated in the Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, between 1976 and 1987. There were seven males and five females ranging from 19 to 63 years of age. They had single (6 cases) or multiple (6 cases) discrete intracerebral nodules. All @entity1 were treated with radiation therapy. Surgical resection was performed in five cases and intrathecal chemotherapy with @entity1499 was performed in seven cases after radiotherapy. All @entity1 except one had received whole brain irradiation with a median dose of 4000 cGy. The radiation dose for a @entity5 was 4800-6000 cGy (median 5560 cGy). Initial response to radiation was excellent with a 91.7% complete response rate, but late recurrences were noted and the median survival was 42.3 months. Intracranial recurrences were observed in two @entity1 who received less than 4000 cGy to the whole brain without intrathecal chemotherapy. Although intracranial recurrence was not seen in the @entity1 receiving intrathecal chemotherapy after radiation, a high incidence of necrotizing @entity62 was noted. High dose irradiation with a minimum of 4000 cGy to the whole brain and more than 5000 cGy to the @entity5 is recommended for the treatment of primary @entity706 . Combined use of chemotherapy should be carefully attempted because of the increased @entity137 .

title: Primary malignant XXXX : radiotherapy results in 12 cases.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['CNS lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['primary tumor']

entities_list: @entity149 :: ('MESH:D002493', 'Disease') :: ['lymphomas of the central nervous system']

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['leukoencephalopathy']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

answer: @entity149 :: (MESH:D002493,Disease) :: ['lymphomas of the central nervous system']


abstract: @entity14097 , a member of the Rab family is a low molecular weight GTP-binding protein that has been implicated in the regulation of exocytosis. To shed light on its presence in the normal @entity1 pituitary and in @entity652 , a detailed immunohistochemical study of 130 surgically removed @entity1 @entity977 was undertaken, including 23 somatotroph, 32 lactotroph, 19 functional corticotroph, 10 silent subtype 1 and 8 silent subtype 2 @entity21422 , 12 gonadotroph hormone producing, 10 thyrotroph, 7 silent subtype 3 @entity652 , and 9 null cell @entity652 , 5 of the latter being of oncocytic type. Among the 32 prolactin lactotroph @entity652 , 10 had been treated preoperatively with @entity2847 , a @entity935 agonist. Among the 23 @entity10759 , 10 were pretreated with @entity2390 , a long acting @entity1943 analog. In addition, 10 nontumorous adenohypophyses were also examined. As used by the World Health Organization, the @entity5 were classified on the basis of their histologic, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural characteristics. The results showed @entity14097 immunopositivity to be strongest in @entity21422 followed by thyrotroph, lactotroph, gonadotroph, null cell, and @entity10759 . No difference was noted between endocrinologically active and silent @entity21422 . @entity2847 therapy was associated with decreased @entity14097 immunoexpression, whereas pretreatment with @entity2390 induced no significant reduction. Immunopositivity was cytoplasmic and was evenly distributed. No staining was noted in normal adenohypophyses. Our results add new information to the view that @entity14097 is involved in the regulation of pituitary hormone secretion.

title: XXXX immunoexpression in @entity1 @entity977 .

entities_list: @entity2847 :: ('MESH:D001971', 'Chemical') :: ['bromocriptine', 'Bromocriptine']

entities_list: @entity21422 :: ('MESH:D049913', 'Disease') :: ['corticotroph adenomas']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity977 :: ('MESH:D010911', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary adenomas']

entities_list: @entity2390 :: ('MESH:D015282', 'Chemical') :: ['octreotide']

entities_list: @entity1943 :: ('MESH:D013004', 'Chemical') :: ['somatostatin']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['adenomas']

entities_list: @entity10759 :: ('MESH:D049912', 'Disease') :: ['somatotroph adenomas']

answer: @entity14097 :: (5865,Gene) :: ['Rab3B']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To evaluate the effectiveness and @entity1 satisfaction with the use of @entity11440 at low doses for treating @entity1119 . METHODS: From January 2007 to December 2010, 35 consecutive @entity1 with @entity1119 were treated with @entity11440 . Data were collected from 30 @entity1 (five @entity1 were lost to follow-up). During the first week, @entity1 received 2.5 mg of @entity11440 once a day, 2.5 mg twice a day from the eighth to the 42nd day, and from the 43rd day to the end of the 12th week, 5 mg twice a day. All of the @entity1 underwent two evaluations: before and after the @entity11440 treatment, using a clinical questionnaire, and a clinical protocol for quality of life. RESULTS: More than 70% of @entity1 experienced an improvement in @entity1119 . Most of the @entity1 showed improvements in quality of life (66.6%). The side effects were minor, the most frequent being @entity2133 (76.7%). CONCLUSION: @entity1119 with @entity11440 presents good results and improves quality of life. We believe that this therapeutic alternative is an excellent choice for the initial treatment of @entity1119 .

title: Use of @entity11440 for treating XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1119 :: ('MESH:D006945', 'Disease') :: ['Treatment of plantar hyperhidrosis', 'plantar hyperhidrosis']

entities_list: @entity11440 :: ('MESH:C005419', 'Chemical') :: ['oxybutynin']

answer: @entity1119 :: (MESH:D006945,Disease) :: ['plantar hyperhidrosis']


abstract: In long-term survivors, oncologic surgeons are regularly faced with the problem of revising stem breakage of first generation Kotz modular femoral and tibial reconstruction system (KMFTR) prostheses. To avoid a whole prosthesis-exchange, we invented an adapter which allows connecting original KMFTR devices to new modular universal @entity5 and revision system (MUTARS) components. The adapter was used in 10 @entity1 after a mean time span of 16.6 years after primary implantation of KMFTR prostheses. Reasons for revision included femoral stem breakage in five cases, breakage of tibial component in three cases and @entity3564 in two cases (one femoral, one tibial). The femoral stem (three cases), the tibial stem (two cases) or the tibial plateau and body (two cases) were exchanged to MUTARS and connected to the remaining KMFTR parts. Three cases were converted to a total femur. @entity260 included one cone-dislocation and one @entity1349 . In all @entity1 , the pre-incidence function could be restored. The mean Musculoskeletal Tumor Society score was 81.7% of normal function. The presented adapter enables restoration of the long-term extremity function with relatively minor revision.

title: Treatment of stem fractures in XXXX prostheses by connecting different systems with a special adapter.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['aseptic loosening']

entities_list: @entity3564 :: ('MESH:D057068', 'Disease') :: ['periprosthetic fracture']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumor']


abstract: CONTEXT: @entity1420 promotes uterine relaxation during pregnancy and its withdrawal induces labor. @entity1420 withdrawal in @entity1 parturition is mediated in part by changes in the relative levels of the nuclear @entity1420 receptor isoforms, @entity11746 and @entity996 , in myometrial cells. Parturition also involves @entity32 ; however, the functional link between nuclear PR-mediated @entity1420 actions and @entity32 in @entity1 myometrial cells is unclear. OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to determine how @entity11746 and @entity996 regulate @entity1420 action in @entity1 myometrial cells and specifically the expression of genes encoding contraction-associated proteins and proinflammatory mediators. DESIGN: Effects of @entity11746 and @entity996 on the capacity for @entity1420 to modulate gene expression was determined using an immortalized @entity1 myometrial cell line stably transfected with inducible @entity11746 and @entity996 expression transgenes and conditioned to express various @entity11746 and @entity996 levels. Gene expression was assessed by genome wide transcriptome analysis, quantitative RT-PCR and immunoblotting. RESULTS: @entity11746 and @entity996 were each transcriptionally active in response to @entity1420 and affected the expression of distinct gene cohorts. The capacity for @entity1420 to affect gene expression was dependent on the @entity11746 to @entity996 ratio. This was especially apparent for the expression of proinflammatory genes. @entity1420 decreased proinflammatory gene expression when the @entity11746 to @entity996 ratio favored @entity996 and increased proinflammatory gene expression when the ratio favored @entity11746 . @entity1420 via @entity996 increased expression of inhibitor-kBa, a repressor of the nuclear factor-kB transcription factor, and inhibited basal and lipopolysaccharide-induced proinflammatory gene expression. Both of those @entity996 -mediated effects were inhibited by @entity11746 . CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that during most of @entity1 pregnancy, when myometrial cells are @entity996 dominant, @entity1420 promotes myometrial quiescence through @entity996 -mediated antiinflammatory actions. At parturition, the rise in @entity11746 expression promotes labor by inhibiting the antiinflammatory actions of @entity996 and stimulating proinflammatory gene expression in response to @entity1420 .

title: XXXX receptor-A and -B have opposite effects on proinflammatory gene expression in @entity1 myometrial cells: implications for @entity1420 actions in @entity1 pregnancy and parturition.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['myometrial inflammation', 'inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone', 'Progesterone']

answer: @entity1420 :: (MESH:D011374,Chemical) :: ['Progesterone']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe a novel stent remodeling technique for the coiling of @entity1756 . CLINICAL PRESENTATION: A 46-year-old @entity1 presented with acute @entity510 (Hunt and Hess grade IV), @entity1779 , and @entity1276 . Cerebral angiography revealed a wide-neck small anterior communicating @entity438 . Conventional coiling was not successful because of coil instability and compromise of the dominant anterior cerebral artery. TECHNIQUE: A 6-French shuttle sheath (Cook Medical, Indianapolis, IN) was advanced from a right femoral approach into the right common carotid artery. To protect the parent vessel during coiling without compromising blood flow, a Prowler Select Plus catheter (Cordis Corporation, Bridgewater, NJ) was navigated across the @entity439 neck. Subsequently, an Enterprise stent (22-mm length; Cordis Corporation) was partially deployed across the @entity439 's wide neck. It was very important to watch the distal markers of the stent and lock the stent delivery wire to the Prowler Select Plus with a hemostatic valve once the stent was halfway deployed. This maneuver was essential to prevent further deployment of the stent. The SL-10 microcatheter and Synchro 14 wire (Boston Scientific, Natick, MA) were carefully navigated to the @entity439 passing through the partially deployed stent. Coils were then delivered to the @entity439 using the stent as a scaffold. After coiling, the SL-10 microcatheter was removed and the stent was recaptured into the Prowler Select Plus catheter. During the recapture, there was initial resistance. This was easily overcome after deploying the stent a little more before resheathing. During the procedure, the @entity1 received 2000 U of heparin after the first coil was detached in the @entity439 . CONCLUSION: The stent remodeling technique is a novel endovascular technique that can be used to treat @entity1756 and maintain patency of parent vessels, avoiding the use of antiplatelet therapy in acute @entity510 .

title: Stent remodeling technique for coiling of XXXX : case report.

entities_list: @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['hydrocephalus']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['subarachnoid hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['artery aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['intracerebral hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity1756 :: ('MESH:D017542', 'Disease') :: ['ruptured wide-neck aneurysms', 'ruptured wide-neck cerebral aneurysms']

answer: @entity1756 :: (MESH:D017542,Disease) :: ['ruptured wide-neck cerebral aneurysms']


abstract: Low adherence to antihypertensive medication has been hypothesized to increase visit-to-visit variability (VVV) of blood pressure (BP). We assessed the association between antihypertensive medication adherence and VVV of BP in the Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent @entity299 Trial (ALLHAT). VVV of BP was calculated using SD independent of mean, SD, and average real variability across study visits conducted 6 to 28 months after randomization. @entity1 who reported taking <80% of their antihypertensive medication at >= 1 study visits were categorized as nonadherent. @entity1 were followed up for cardiovascular events and mortality after the assessment of adherence and VVV of BP. SD independent of mean of BP was higher for nonadherent (n=2912) versus adherent (n=16   878) @entity1 ; 11.4  4.9 versus 10.5  4.5 for systolic BP; 6.8  2.8 versus 6.2  2.6 for diastolic BP (each P<0.001). SD independent of mean of BP remained higher among nonadherent than among adherent @entity1 after multivariable adjustment (0.8 [95% confidence interval, 0.7-1.0] higher for systolic BP and 0.4 [95% confidence interval, 0.3-0.5] higher for diastolic BP]. SD and average real variability of systolic BP and diastolic BP were also higher among nonadherent than among adherent @entity1 . Adjustment for nonadherence did not explain the association of VVV of BP with higher fatal @entity301 or nonfatal @entity583 , @entity64 , @entity712 , or mortality risk. In conclusion, improving medication adherence may lower VVV of BP. However, VVV of BP is associated with cardiovascular outcomes independent of medication adherence.

title: The Association Between Antihypertensive Medication Nonadherence and Visit-to-Visit Variability of Blood Pressure: Findings From the Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent XXXX Trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary heart disease']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['Heart Attack']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity299 :: (MESH:D006331,Disease) :: ['Heart Attack']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity6019 are rare @entity5 accounting for about 0.2% of all genital tract @entity5 . They are considered to occur more often in premenopausal @entity1 . @entity6019 are hormone sensitive @entity5 . A state of @entity2915 could act as a growth stimulus. Given the rarity of these @entity5 there are limited reports in the literature referring to the clinical management and final outcome of these cases. CASE: The @entity1 , a 29-year-old @entity1 , had a surgical history of myomectomy in another hospital three months before her referal to our department. The histological examination of the removed @entity1868 showed an @entity6019 . Total abdominal hysterectomy, with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, omentectomy and elective pelvic lymphadenectomy were then performed as a second radical surgical approach. CONCLUSION: @entity6019 are uncommon and their differential diagnosis from typical submucosal uterine @entity1868 or @entity1478 could be difficult. The hysteroscopic features of uterine @entity242 are often similar to those of @entity1478 . The histological examination of the specimen is necessary to exclude @entity5 and establish the final diagnosis. Total abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oopherectomy with pelvic lymphadenectomy is the optimal treatment in cases of @entity6019 .

title: @entity6019 in a 29-year-old XXXX . Case report and review of the literature.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity242 :: ('MESH:D012509', 'Disease') :: ['sarcomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors', 'malignancy', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity6019 :: ('MESH:D018203', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial stromal sarcoma', 'endometrial stromal sarcomas', 'Endometrial stromal sarcomas']

entities_list: @entity2915 :: ('MESH:D006948', 'Disease') :: ['hyper-estrogenemia']

entities_list: @entity1478 :: ('MESH:D014591', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial polyps or submucosal myomas', 'benign endometrial polyps']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: @entity32 and immune activation in the gut are usually accompanied by alteration of gastrointestinal (GI) motility. In infection, changes in motor function have been linked to host defense by enhancing the expulsion of the infectious agents. In this review, we describe the evidence for @entity32 and immune activation in @entity344 , @entity29 , @entity2616 , @entity1318 , @entity5202 , @entity3178 , @entity1593 , @entity344 . We also describe the possible mechanisms by which @entity32 and immune activation in the gut affect GI motility. @entity344 is a broad spectrum disturbance of GI physiology. Although several systems including central nerves, enteric nerves, interstitial cells of Cajal and smooth muscles contribute to a coordinated regulation of GI motility, smooth muscle probably plays the most important role. Thus, we focus on the relationship between activation of cytokines induced by adaptive immune response and alteration of GI smooth muscle contractility. Accumulated evidence has shown that @entity1198 and Th2 cytokines cause hypocontractility and hypercontractility of inflamed intestinal smooth muscle. @entity1198 cytokines downregulate @entity30265 and L-type @entity141 channels and upregulate regulators of G protein signaling 4, which contributes to hypocontractility of inflamed intestinal smooth muscle. Conversely, Th2 cytokines cause hypercontractilty via signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 or mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways. @entity1198 and Th2 cytokines have opposing effects on intestinal smooth muscle contraction via @entity750 signaling. Understanding the immunological basis of altered GI motor function could lead to new therapeutic strategies for GI functional and inflammatory disorders.

title: Cytokine-induced alterations of XXXX in @entity344 .

entities_list: @entity1318 :: ('MESH:D004931', 'Disease') :: ['achalasia']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['Inflammation', 'inflammation']

entities_list: @entity5202 :: ('MESH:D057765', 'Disease') :: ['eosinophilic esophagitis']

entities_list: @entity1593 :: ('MESH:D002446', 'Disease') :: ['celiac disease']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['pseudo-obstruction and functional GI disorders', 'GI infection', 'GI motility disorder']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel disease']

entities_list: @entity3178 :: ('MESH:D046728', 'Disease') :: ['microscopic colitis']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['5-hydroxytryptamine']

answer: @entity344 :: (MESH:D005767,Disease) :: ['gastrointestinal motility']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of microsurgical treatment of @entity808 with middle fossa extradural approach. METHODS: Between January 1996 and December 2005, 27 @entity1 with trigeminal @entity808 were treated by middle fossa extradural approach. The clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: Total resection was achieved in 25 @entity1 and subtotal resection in the other 2 @entity1 . The @entity129 were improved in 18 @entity1 , unchanged in 4 @entity1 and worsened in 5 @entity1 postoperatively. New Incomplete @entity129 were observed in 4 @entity1 . Cerebrospinal fluid leakages and @entity4008 occurred in 2 cases, which were cured by lumber draining and antibiotic therapy. There was not operative mortality. Twenty six @entity1 were followed up for 6 - 48 months. @entity5 recurrence was found in 1 case after 40 months and was excised again. CONCLUSION: This approach can provide better exposure of these @entity5 and multiple working angles with minimal brain retraction and can improve the surgical results in terms of increased complete @entity5 resection rate and reduced complications rate.

title: [Microsurgical treatment of XXXX with middle fossa extradural approach].

entities_list: @entity808 :: ('MESH:D009442', 'Disease') :: ['trigeminal neurinomas', 'schwannomas']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity129 :: ('MESH:D003389', 'Disease') :: ['cranial nerve deficits', 'paralysis of cranial nerve']

entities_list: @entity4008 :: ('MESH:D016920', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial meningitis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor', 'tumors']

answer: @entity808 :: (MESH:D009442,Disease) :: ['trigeminal neurinomas']


abstract: Mast cells (MCs) participate in diseases such as @entity262 ( @entity262 ) and @entity56 . Less well understood is the role of MCs in non-allergic inflammatory disorders like @entity309 ( @entity309 ). Studying definitive roles for MCs in @entity1 diseases has been hampered by the lack of a well-accepted biomarker for monitoring in vivo MC activation. This study aimed to investigate the utility of urinary tetranor @entity35425 (T- @entity35425 ) as a biomarker of in vivo MC activation in @entity1 with @entity262 , and apply this biomarker to assess MC involvement in relation to @entity309 activity. A prospective, cross-sectional cohort study was conducted to measure a major urinary metabolite of @entity1672 , T- @entity35425 . Urine samples were collected from @entity1 with @entity309 (n   =   60), @entity262 (n   =   17) and healthy normal controls (n   =   16) and T- @entity35425 excretion was determined by enzyme immunoassay as nanograms per milligram of urinary @entity1011 (ng/mg @entity8818 ). Mean urinary T- @entity35425 excretion was significantly higher (p   <   0.01) in @entity1 with @entity262 compared to controls (37.2 vs. 11.5   ng/mg @entity8818 ) with 65% of @entity262 @entity1 showing elevated levels. One third of @entity1 with @entity309 had elevated T- @entity35425 excretion, and the mean level in the @entity309 group (20.0   ng/mg @entity8818 ) was significantly higher than controls (p   <   0.01). Medications inhibiting cyclooxygenase reduced T- @entity35425 excretion. Urinary T- @entity35425 excretion appears promising as a biomarker of in vivo MC activity and elevated levels in 33% of @entity1 with @entity309 provides evidence of MC activation in this disease.

title: @entity1672 metabolites as a biomarker of in vivo mast cell activation in XXXX and @entity309 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1672 :: ('MESH:D015230', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandin D2']

entities_list: @entity262 :: ('MESH:D034721', 'Disease') :: ['SM', 'systemic mastocytosis']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic conditions']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA disease', 'RA']

answer: @entity262 :: (MESH:D034721,Disease) :: ['systemic mastocytosis']


abstract: The paper is centered in the comparative study of three groups of long-term @entity302 @entity1 in which therapeutic control is difficult to achieve, by means of several neuropsychological tests evaluating levels of intelligence, memory, language and praxis. Paget's tests of conservation of physical quantities revealed no significant differences in results obtained from the exploration of operative levels between @entity302 with right temporal, left temporal or centrencephalic electroencephalographic foci. There is no parallel decrease of operative level when present, and @entity71 , which is constantly observed in the three groups and usually evidenced in short-term memory. The graphic representation of projective space (Cube, house), is parallel to operative weakening. No significant relationship between lateralization of focus and graphic performance is observed. Language exploration by means of Benton and Spreen's battery of tests shows distinctly similar results in the three groups of @entity1 . The location of the @entity302 focus shows no relevance with respect to language disturbances. The most outstanding pathologic phenomenon is a certain degree of @entity5547 observed in the naming of objects. Its significance is discussed (Slight degree of @entity2730 , deficit of evocative memory, or a lexical level in accordance with the operative deficit). The deficit of the repetition of sentences test and in others including a time element should not be ascribed to a specific language deficit. True @entity2026 was present in only three @entity1 of the left temporal group after prolonged @entity159 .

title: [Comparative study of the cognitive functions and symbolic order in temporal and XXXX of long development of difficult therapeutic control].

entities_list: @entity71 :: ('MESH:D001289', 'Disease') :: ['deficit of mnesic functions']

entities_list: @entity2730 :: ('MESH:D000647', 'Disease') :: ['amnesic aphasia']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epileptic', 'epileptics']

entities_list: @entity159 :: ('MESH:D013226', 'Disease') :: ['status epilepticus']

answer: @entity302 :: (MESH:D004827,Disease) :: ['centerencephalic epilepsy']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Objectives. The primary objective of this study was to assess the rules governing secondary school pupils' carriage of inhalers for emergency treatment of @entity565 in the North East of England. Design. This study was based upon a postal questionnaire survey. Setting. The setting for this study was mainstream free-to-attend secondary schools which admit 16 year old pupils within the 12 Local Authority areas which make up the North East of England. @entity1 . All 153 schools meeting the inclusion criteria were invited to participate in the study, of which 106 (69%) took part. Main Outcome Measures. Our three main outcome measures were: whether pupils are permitted to carry inhalers on their @entity1 while at school; whether advance permission is required for pupils to carry inhalers, and from whom; and whether the school has an emergency 'standby' @entity3045 inhaler for use in @entity341 , as permitted since October 2014 under recent amendments to The @entity1 Medicines Regulations 2012. Results. Of 98 schools submitting valid responses to the question, 99% (n = 97) permitted pupils to carry inhalers on their @entity1 while at school; the remaining school stored pupils' inhalers in a central location within the school. A total of 22% of included schools (n = 22) required parental permission before pupils were permitted to carry inhalers. Of 102 schools submitting valid responses to the question, 44% (n = 45) had purchased a 'standby' @entity3045 inhaler for use in @entity341 . Conclusions. Most secondary schools in North East England permit pupils to carry inhalers on their @entity1 . The requirement in a minority of schools for parental permission to be given possibly contravenes the standard ethical practices in clinical medicine for @entity1 of this age. Only a minority of schools hold a 'standby' @entity3045 inhaler for use in @entity341 . Wider availability may improve outcomes for @entity341 occurring in schools.

title: A cross-sectional questionnaire study of the rules governing pupils' carriage of inhalers for XXXX treatment in secondary schools in North East England.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Participants', 'Human', 'person']

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['asthma emergencies']

entities_list: @entity3045 :: ('MESH:D000420', 'Chemical') :: ['salbutamol']

answer: @entity565 :: (MESH:D001249,Disease) :: ['asthma']


abstract: In recent years, whole body vibration (WBV) has become an efficient complement or alternative to resistance training. Very limited data on the effects of different WBV protocols on anabolic hormones are available. In this study, we compared the @entity2124 ( @entity2124 ), blood @entity880 (LA), and @entity701 responses to different protocols involving WBV. Six healthy @entity1 recreationally active performed 10 sets of 12 dynamic squats in the following conditions: squatting alone (S), squatting+vibration (SV), @entity9420 ( @entity9420 ), and @entity9420 +vibration (SEV). All responses at the different stimuli determined acute increases in @entity2124 , @entity701 , and LA. In particular, @entity2124 secretion significantly increased in all 4 conditions immediately after the exercise session compared to other time points. Furthermore, a significantly larger increase was identified following SEV as compared to the other conditions. @entity701 concentrations significantly decreased after S, SV and @entity9420 whereas they increased significantly following SEV. LA peaks occurred immediately at the end of each condition. However it reached statistical significance only following SEV. The results of our study demonstrate that the combination of @entity9420 +vibration (SEV) could represent the most suitable modality to potentiate the somatotropic function and, indirectly, to obtain an increase in muscle strength and positive changes in the body composition. Further studies are necessary in order to determine the chronic effects of this exercise modality on the hormonal profile.

title: Combination of external load and whole body vibration potentiates the XXXX -releasing effect of squatting in healthy females.

entities_list: @entity9420 :: ('MESH:C536761', 'Disease') :: ['squatting+external load', 'SE']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['Cortisol', 'cortisol']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

answer: @entity2124 :: (2688,Gene) :: ['GH']


abstract: The Canadian National Breast Screening Study (NBSS) is a randomized controlled trial to assess the effect of screening on @entity0 mortality. The NBSS designated a single reference radiologist who blindly reviewed over the course of the study 5200 randomly selected two-view mammographic examinations of @entity1 not known to have @entity0 . He also reviewed 575 screening-detected @entity0 (SBC) cases and 102 interval @entity0 (IBC) cases. All @entity5 were histologically proven. As a result of the reviews, comments on inter-observer agreement, interpretation, and technical quality were conveyed on an ongoing basis to radiologists appointed to 15 NBSS screening centers. Agreement of the reference radiologist with center radiologists was better for @entity0 cases (kappa = 0.511, P less than .002) than for those not known to have @entity0 (kappa = 0.307, P less than .002). Observer error and technical problems led to delayed detection in 22% of SBCs and 35% of IBCs. Another 11% of SBCs and 58% of IBCs were probably mammographically occult. No similarly comprehensive review of mammography during a screening program has been published. Suggestions arising from the NBSS review were sometimes resisted by center radiologists. Measures are suggested which might facilitate acceptance of recommendations arising from audit mechanisms in mammography screening programs, thereby enhancing opportunities for mammographic excellence.

title: The role of the reference radiologist. Estimates of inter-observer agreement and potential delay in XXXX detection in the national breast screening study.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']