abstract: PURPOSE: To assess whether @entity1133 -based cream (UBC) has prophylactic benefits on @entity2857 -induced @entity272 ( @entity272 ) in @entity1 with @entity157 ( @entity157 ). @entity1 AND METHODS: In this randomized, open-label trial, 871 @entity1 with advanced @entity157 throughout China were treated with 10% UBC three times per day plus best supportive care (BSC; n = 439) or BSC alone excluding all creams (n = 432), starting on day 1 of @entity2857 treatment, for up to 12 weeks. @entity272 was assessed every 2 weeks and at 14 weeks for @entity1 completing the study. Once @entity272 occurred, @entity1 were allowed any cream, including a UBC. RESULTS: The 12-week incidence of any grade @entity272 was significantly lower in the UBC group versus the BSC-alone group (56.0% v 73.6%, respectively; odds ratio [OR], 0.457; 95% CI, 0.344 to 0.608; P < .001), as was the incidence of grade >=  2 @entity272 (20.7% v 29.2%, respectively; OR, 0.635; 95% CI, 0.466 to 0.866; P = .004). Median time to first occurrence of @entity272 was significantly longer in the UBC group than the BSC-alone group (84 v 34 days, respectively; hazard ratio, 0.658; 95% CI, 0.541 to 0.799; P < .001). Elevated AST was associated with increased risk of @entity272 but did not alter the treatment effect of UBC. UBC plus BSC, compared with BSC alone, did not affect the @entity2857 dose reduction or interruption rate (9.1% v 11.8%, respectively; P = .1937), response rate (11.1% v 10.1%, respectively; P = .6674), or disease control rate (98.8% v 98.2%, respectively; P = .5350) at week 12. CONCLUSION: UBC prophylaxis in @entity1 with advanced @entity157 starting @entity2857 reduced @entity272 rates, extended the time to first occurrence of @entity272 , and improved @entity1 quality of life compared with BSC. Blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled trials to determine the role of UBC on the incidence and severity of @entity272 are warranted.

title: Randomized controlled trial of the prophylactic effect of @entity1133 -based cream on @entity2857 -associated hand-foot skin reactions in XXXX with @entity157 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity2857 :: ('MESH:C471405', 'Chemical') :: ['sorafenib']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['HFSR', 'hand-foot skin reaction']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'advanced hepatocellular carcinoma']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Background and study aims: A new esophageal stent with two anti-migration features was developed to minimize migration. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of this stent in @entity1 with @entity5 . @entity1 and methods: A total of 40 @entity1 with @entity1282 due to a malignant obstruction of the esophagus were prospectively enrolled in this cohort study. Results: Stent placement was technically successful in 39 @entity1 (98%). The median @entity1282 -free time after stent placement was 220 days (95% confidence interval 94-345 days). Nine @entity1 (23%) experienced recurrent @entity1282 due to tissue overgrowth (n=2), stent @entity174 (n=1), and partial (n=5) or complete (n=1) stent migration. A total of 16 serious adverse events occurred in 14 @entity1 (36%), with @entity548 (n=3) and severe @entity390 or @entity391 (n=3) being the most common causes. Conclusions: This new stent design was effective for the palliation of @entity5 and had a low rate of recurrent @entity1282 . However, despite the anti-migration features, stent migration was still a major cause of recurrent @entity1282 . Furthermore, treatment was associated with a high adverse event rate. Dutch Trial Registration (NTR 3313).

title: A new fully covered metal stent with anti-migration features for the treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant dysphagia']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['dysphagia']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['malignant dysphagia']


abstract: Phosphorylase b and two peptides with sequences homologous to phosphorylation site 2 (syntide 2) and site 3 (syntide 3) of glycogen synthase were compared as substrates for purified muscle phosphorylase kinase. The substrate specificity of phosphorylase kinase varied according to whether heparin (at pH 6.5) or @entity141 (at pH 8.2) was used as a stimulator of its activity. Phosphorylase b was preferentially phosphorylated in the presence of @entity141 ; the rate of syntide 2 phosphorylation was the same for both stimulators; and the phosphorylation of syntide 3 was completely dependent on the presence of heparin. A kinetic analysis confirmed this stimulator-dependent substrate specificity since both the Vmax and Km for these substrates were affected diversely by heparin and @entity141 . Heparin stimulated phosphorylase kinase maximally at pH 6.5, whereas the effect of @entity141 was optimal at a pH above 8. However, the stimulator-related substrate specificity could not be explained by the different pH values at which the effects of the stimulators were assessed. Nor did substrate-directed effects by heparin or @entity141 apparently play a role. No indications were found for a stimulator-dependent specificity in the phosphorylation of sites in protein substrates of phosphorylase kinase (phosphorylase b, the alpha- and beta-subunits of phosphorylase kinase, or glycogen synthase). The diverse substrate specificity of the @entity460 - and heparin-dependent activities of phosphorylase kinase could be explained in two ways: either by the existence of separate @entity460 - and heparin-stimulated catalytic sites, or by just one catalytic site with two active conformations. The second possibility is favored by the observation that both @entity460 and heparin stimulated the isolated gamma-subunit (gamma X calmodulin complex) of phosphorylase kinase.

title: Substrate specificity of phosphorylase kinase: effects of heparin and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

answer: @entity460 :: (MESH:D002118,Chemical) :: ['calcium']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity674 ( @entity674 ) are infrequent and diagnosis and prognosis could be troublesome. We present short and long term results of surgical resection for @entity674 at the Department of Surgery, University of Insubria, during a period of 17 years. MATERIALS AND METHODS: All @entity1 ' data, @entity5 characteristics, surgical procedure and survival data were analyzed retrospectively. @entity5 were divided in risk classes using the classification proposed by Fletcher, based on @entity5 size and number of mitosis. RESULTS: Between 1987 and 2004, 25 @entity1 underwent surgical resection for @entity674 . Stomach was the most common site of localization. Complete resection was achieved in 88% cases, while in 12% radical resection was not possible. The mean @entity5 size was 9.2 cm (1.2-30 cm): <5 cm diameter in 14/25 cases (56%), 5-10 cm in 5/25 (20%) and >10 cm in 6/25 (24%). Mitotic count was <10/50 HPF in 68% (17/25) and >10/50 in 32% (8/25). Using Fletcher's classification, @entity5 were divided in very low (11/25, 44%), low (4/25, 16%), intermediate (6/25, 24%) and high-risk (4/25, 16%) groups. The 5-year overall survival was 65% and 34% respectively with a statistically significant difference between @entity5 <5 cm and >10 cm in diameter and between complete and incomplete resection. High-risk @entity5 had a significantly shorter survival than low or very low risk. CONCLUSION: Our experience confirms that @entity674 's are uncommon and aggressive @entity5 . The prognosis is strictly related to @entity5 size and number of mitosis. Although significant advances on new chemotherapeutic regimes have been made, to date, only radical surgery offers the chance of long-term survival.

title: Surgical resection for XXXX ( @entity674 ): experience on 25 @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumors', 'cancers', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity674 :: ('MESH:D046152', 'Disease') :: ['GIST', 'Gastrointestinal stromal tumors']

answer: @entity674 :: (MESH:D046152,Disease) :: ['gastrointestinal stromal tumors']


abstract: We recently reported that transient appearance of interstitial myofibroblasts and infiltrating macrophages might play a role in cellular recovery in @entity3735 (UA)-induced @entity810 ( @entity810 ). Here we tested the effects of @entity618 ( @entity2098 ), which attenuates infiltration of lymphocytes, macrophages, and myofibroblasts, but does not suppress epithelial regeneration, on renal tissue repair. @entity35 treated with @entity2098 (20 mg/kg/day) or vehicle were sacrificed at 2, 5, and 7 days after induction of @entity810 by injection of 5 mg/kg UA. Renal tissues were immunostained for @entity1603 ( @entity1603 ) and Ki67, @entity1918 ( @entity1918 ), ED1, and @entity26808 . The expression levels of @entity1918 mRNA were examined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Body weight loss or serum albumin levels were similar in @entity2098 and vehicle @entity35 during the experiment. In vehicle group, serum @entity1011 (Scr) significantly increased after day 5, but proximal tubular (PT) damage score increased as early as day 2 after UA injection. @entity1603 - or Ki67-positive regenerating tubular cells, ED1-positive macrophages and @entity1918 -positive myofibroblasts significantly increased in the interstitium after day 5. In @entity2098 -treated @entity35 , Scr and PT damage score significantly increased at day 7 and the number of regenerating PT were significantly reduced compared with vehicle-treated @entity35 at days 5 and 7. The numbers of macrophages and myofibroblasts and the expression of @entity1918 mRNA were significantly lower in @entity2098 than in vehicle @entity35 at day 5, indicating that reduced interstitial cellular response is linked to the inhibition of regenerative repair. @entity26808 -positive lymphocytes were significantly reduced in @entity2098 group than in vehicle group at day 7, suggesting that lymphocyte infiltration does not seem to contribute to early regenerative response of proximal tubules. The transient appearance of myofibroblasts and macrophages in the interstitium may promote regenerative repair in UA-induced @entity810 in @entity35 .

title: Mycophenolate mofetil inhibits regenerative repair in @entity3735 -induced XXXX by reduced interstitial cellular response.

entities_list: @entity1603 :: ('MESH:D001973', 'Chemical') :: ['BrdU', 'bromodeoxyuridine']

entities_list: @entity1918 :: ('25365(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['alpha-smooth muscle actin', 'alpha-SMA']

entities_list: @entity618 :: ('MESH:C063008', 'Chemical') :: ['mycophenolate mofetil']

entities_list: @entity3735 :: ('MESH:C005460', 'Chemical') :: ['uranyl acetate']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['ARF', 'acute renal failure']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

answer: @entity810 :: (MESH:D058186,Disease) :: ['acute renal failure']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity2057 ( @entity2057 ) tends to be fatal in the first year of life if there is no ventilatory support. The decision whether to start such support is an ethical conflict for healthcare professionals. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A scenario of @entity1576 in an @entity1 with @entity2057 has been included in a training program using advanced simulation for Primary Care pediatricians (PCP). The performances of 34 groups of 4 pediatricians, who participated in 17 courses, were systematically analyzed. Clinical, ethical and communication aspects with parents were evaluated. RESULTS: The initial technical assistance (Administration of @entity26 and immediate ventilatory support) was correctly performed by 94% of the teams. However, the PCP had problems in dealing with the ethical aspects of the case. Of the 85% of the teams that raised the ethical conflict with parents, 29% did so on their own initiative, 23% actively excluded them, and only 6% involved them and took their opinion into account in making decisions. Only 11.7% asked about the quality of life of @entity1 and 12% for their knowledge of the prognosis of the disease. None explained treatment alternatives, nor tried to contact the pediatrician responsible for the @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: When faced with a simulated @entity2057 @entity1 with @entity1576 , PCP have difficulties in interacting with the family, and to involve it in the decision making process. Practical training of all pediatricians should include case scenarios with an ethical clinical problem.

title: [ @entity2057 and XXXX . How do primary care pediatricians act in a simulated scenario?]

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'child', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity2057 :: ('MESH:D009133', 'Disease') :: ['SMA-1', 'Spinal muscular atrophy type 1']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory failure', 'acute respiratory failure']

answer: @entity1576 :: (MESH:D012131,Disease) :: ['respiratory failure']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To identify key solutions that facilitate the prescription of long-term @entity565 controller and provision of written self-management plans by physicians. METHODS: One hour individualized semistructured interviews were conducted with physicians. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed independently by two trained qualitative researchers. A taxonomy of facilitators (contemplated solutions) and experienced solutions was achieved by consensus within the research team. RESULTS: Forty-two physicians (family physicians, pediatricians, emergency physicians, pulmonologists and allergists) were interviewed. The 867 facilitators and solutions, grouped in 10 categories, addressed three physician needs: support physicians in delivering optimal care (guideline dissemination, workplace culture, physician training and experience, physician attitudes toward optimal practice, tools and resources supporting physicians' decision making); assist @entity1 with following recommendations ( @entity1 characteristics, experiences and attitudes; physician behaviour; and tools and resources supporting @entity1 self-management); and offer efficient services (reorganization of care; interprofessional @entity1 management). Suggestions pertaining to the latter two categories were most frequently cited to optimize @entity565 management and use of self-management plans (e.g., access to self-management plans; education by allied health care professionals). The most cited suggestions to support prescribing long-term controller pertained to physician behaviour (e.g., involvement in @entity1 education, personalization of prescriptions, feedback to @entity1 of the benefits of long-term controller). The distribution of facilitators and solutions varied across specialties. CONCLUSIONS: Physicians proposed multiple facilitators and solutions to support optimal practice, leading to the development of a novel taxonomy. Key suggestions varied across physician specialties and behaviours sought, emphasizing the need to carefully select the most promising knowledge translation interventions.

title: Facilitators and solutions for practicing optimal guided XXXX self-management: the physician perspective.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

answer: @entity565 :: (MESH:D001249,Disease) :: ['asthma']


abstract: Evidence of regional myocardial perfusion and contractile function after direct @entity515 laser myocardial revascularization (DLR) is lacking. We examined @entity296 , @entity1708 concentrations, and regional blood flow after DLR of the left anterior descending coronary artery ( @entity3980 ) distribution before and after its proximal ligation in seven anesthetized conditioned @entity235 . Sonomicrometry assessed myocardial fiber shortening and radioactive microspheres were used to estimate baseline regional blood flows. Cardiopulmonary bypass was followed by @entity1167 . Laser channels (1 mm diameter) were made every 3 to 5 mm in the @entity3980 region with an 80 watt Laser-sonics @entity515 unit. Bypass was terminated, the @entity3980 , and parameters reassessed. Core samples of myocardium from the lased @entity3980 and control circumflex area were taken to assess @entity3211 . After occlusion, @entity3980 distribution blood flow and myocardial shortening were reduced to pre-lasting @entity63 controls. @entity3211 were reduced in the @entity3980 region relative to the control CMX area. DLR cannot be relied upon to acutely revascularize the @entity63 myocardium.

title: Direct XXXX laser "revascularization" of the myocardium.

entities_list: @entity1708 :: ('CHEBI:61293', 'Chemical') :: ['adenine nucleotide']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial segment shortening']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardioplegia arrest']

entities_list: @entity3980 :: ('MESH:C535887', 'Disease') :: ['LAD occluded', 'LAD']

entities_list: @entity3211 :: ('MESH:D000227', 'Chemical') :: ['adenine nucleotides', 'Adenine nucleotides']

answer: @entity515 :: (CHEBI:29334,Chemical) :: ['CO2']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although @entity3933 is frequently used to treat @entity111 and @entity390 in @entity1 who have received neuraxial opioids, there are no data regarding its effect on ventilatory control. We conducted the current study to evaluate the effects of @entity3933 on hypercapnic and @entity519 ventilatory control in healthy volunteers. METHODS: First, we measured the steady-state ventilatory response to @entity544 during @entity871 with an end-tidal @entity544 tension of 46 or 54 mmHg (alternate subjects) in eight healthy volunteers. We then determined the @entity519 ventilatory response during isocapnic rebreathing at the same @entity544 tension. After a 10-min recovery period, we repeated the steady-state and @entity519 ventilatory response measurements at the other @entity544 tension (54 or 46 mmHg). Ten minutes after subjects received @entity3933 0.7 mg.kg-1 intravenously, we repeated this sequence of ventilatory measurements. RESULTS: Under hyperoxic conditions (inspired @entity26 fraction > 0.5) @entity3933 did not affect the ventilatory response to @entity2944 . Similarly, at an end-tidal @entity544 tension of 46 mmHg, neither the slope nor the position of the @entity519 ventilatory response curve changed significantly after @entity3933 . However, at an end-tidal @entity544 tension of 54 mmHg, the slope of the @entity519 ventilatory response increased from 1.28 +/- 0.33 to 2.13 +/- 0.61 l.min-1.%SpO2(-1) (mean +/- standard error), and VE at an arterial hemoglobin @entity26 saturation of 90% increased from 31.2 +/- 3.1 to 43.1 +/- 5.4 l.min-1). CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that although it did not affect the ventilatory response to @entity544 during @entity871 or the ventilatory response to @entity519 at an end-tidal @entity544 tension of 46 mmHg @entity3933 augmented the @entity519 response under conditions of @entity2944 in our young healthy volunteers. Although these findings may help to explain the apparent safety of @entity3933 , they may not be applicable to debilitated @entity1 or those who have received systemic or neuraxial ventilatory depressants.

title: @entity3933 enhances the interaction of hypercapnic and XXXX ventilatory drive.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3933 :: ('MESH:D004155', 'Chemical') :: ['diphenhydramine']

entities_list: @entity2944 :: ('MESH:D006935', 'Disease') :: ['hypercapnia']

entities_list: @entity871 :: ('MESH:D018496', 'Disease') :: ['hyperoxia']

entities_list: @entity111 :: ('MESH:D011537', 'Disease') :: ['pruritus']

entities_list: @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxia', 'hypoxic']

entities_list: @entity544 :: ('MESH:D002245', 'Chemical') :: ['carbon dioxide']

answer: @entity519 :: (MESH:D000860,Disease) :: ['hypoxic']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To describe a retrospective review of a single-institution, single-surgeon (M.G.) experience with 44 simplified Indiana pouch with @entity156 without detubularization and reconfiguration. METHODS: From April 1999 to May 2003, 44 @entity1 underwent radical cystectomy and continent urinary diversion with a simplified Indiana pouch technique using teniamyotomies without detubularization and reconfiguration. The tenia was sectioned across the whole width and deepened as far as the submucosal layer, with 2 to 3 cm between each teniamyotomy. The efferent tract of the reservoir was prepared using the appendix. If it was unsuitable, an ileum invagination nipple fixed in the ileocecal valve was constructed. RESULTS: The mean follow-up was 3 years (range 1 to 5). Continence was excellent for 40 @entity1 (91%); in 4 @entity1 (9%), daytime @entity322 was reported. The urodynamic studies showed an average pressure at 350 mL of capacity of 19.6 cm @entity2507 (range 15.1 to 25.5). The average pressure at maximal capacity (400 to 600 mL) was 32.3 cm @entity2507 (range 28.5 to 35). Long-term complications occurred in 15 @entity1 (34%), with a mean onset of 13.4 months postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS: Our experience showed that a modified Indiana pouch with @entity156 has a good capacity with low internal pressure and good continence. Thus, even with the comparable results of other continent pouch models, our modified Indiana pouch is a valid alternative because of its simplicity to perform.

title: Simplified Indiana pouch with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['incontinence']

entities_list: @entity156 :: ('MESH:D000015', 'Disease') :: ['multiple teniamyotomies']

answer: @entity156 :: (MESH:D000015,Disease) :: ['multiple teniamyotomies']


abstract: Simultaneous bilateral uncemented total hip arthroplasty for @entity2738 resulting from @entity3458 was performed in 18 consecutive @entity1 (36 hips). The @entity1 were followed 2 to 10 years (mean, 5.7 years). All @entity1 showed improvement in postoperative hip scores compared with preoperative scores for @entity158 , range of motion, and function. There were 2 immediate @entity260 related to sickling of red blood cells. One intraoperative fracture of the proximal femur occurred. There was 1 superficial and 1 deep @entity281 . There was no femoral stem loosening, but 1 protrusio acetabuli occurred. One acetabular cup was revised for instability. @entity2736 developed in 2 @entity1 . Simultaneous bilateral total hip arthroplasty in @entity3458 is a good option in a select group of @entity1 with adequate hydration and ventilation in the perioperative and postoperative periods.

title: Simultaneous bilateral total hip arthroplasty in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3458 :: ('MESH:D000755', 'Disease') :: ['sickle cell disease']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity2736 :: ('MESH:D009999', 'Disease') :: ['Heterotopic ossification']

entities_list: @entity2738 :: ('MESH:D005271', 'Disease') :: ['avascular necrosis of the femoral head']

answer: @entity3458 :: (MESH:D000755,Disease) :: ['sickle cell disease']


abstract: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of @entity32040 ( @entity32040 ) inhibitory drugs, @entity9498 and @entity7855 , on @entity1506 ( @entity1506 ), @entity2824 (eNOS) and @entity10740 genes expressions and apoptosis in @entity63 /reperfusion (I/R) induced oxidative injury in @entity35 renal tissue. Eighty @entity35 (300-350 g) were divided into four groups. In @entity63 /reperfusion group, @entity35 were subjected to @entity8 by clamping the left pedicle for 60 min, and then reperfused for 90 min. On the other hand, in other two groups the @entity35 were individually pretreated with @entity9498 and @entity7855 1 h before the induction of @entity63 . @entity1234 ( @entity1865 ) is determined in renal tissue homogenates by high-performance liquid chromatography, the number of apoptotic cell were calculated by TUNEL method and @entity10740 and eNOS expression were detected with immunohistochemistry. On the other hand, @entity1589 ( @entity1589 ) levels were measured by spectrophotometric method and the mRNA level of @entity1506 in renal tissue was determined by Real-time PCR (RT-PCR). Our results indicate that @entity1865 and @entity1589 levels were increased in the I/R group than those in the control group. Both @entity9498 and @entity7855 treatment decreased the @entity1865 levels in @entity63 /reperfusion group, whereas this effect was more potent with @entity7855 . RT-PCR results showed that, @entity1506 gen expression increased in the I/R group, but decreased in the @entity32040 inhibitory drugs treated group. Apoptotic cells, eNOS levels and @entity10740 positive cells were also decreased in @entity32040 inhibitory drugs treated group. We suggest that @entity9498 and @entity7855 have beneficial effects against I/R related @entity8 and this protective effect is clearer for @entity7855 than @entity9498 .

title: The effects of @entity32040 inhibitory drugs on XXXX /reperfusion injury in @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal ischemia', 'renal tissue injury']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity9498 :: ('MESH:C429886', 'Chemical') :: ['Tadalafil']

entities_list: @entity7855 :: ('MESH:C101426', 'Chemical') :: ['Sildenafil']

entities_list: @entity1234 :: ('MESH:D008315', 'Chemical') :: ['Malondialdehyde']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['rat', 'Sprague-Dawley rats', 'rats']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['renal ischemia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the 8003 base pair (bp) @entity16 of brain mitochondrial DNA in @entity21130 at different times after @entity75 ( @entity75 ) so as to explore the biomolecular foundation of neonatal neuronal @entity209 . METHODS: Fifty 3-day-old piglets were randomly assigned into Control and @entity75 groups. The @entity75 group was subdivided into groups sacrificed at 0, 24, 48 and 72 hrs post- @entity75 (n=10). @entity75 was induced by left carotid ligation and exposure to 8% @entity26 for 2 hours. The Control group was exposed to air and was sham-operated. The left hippocampal cortexes of all subjects were obtained to amplify the fragments of 200 bp and 8003 bp by the LX-PCR method. The PCR products were electrophoresed on agaros gels to obtain the integral optical density (IOD). RESULTS: The IOD of 8003 bp fragment was markedly reduced in the @entity75 0 hr group (22.616 +/- 2.276) when compared with that of the Control group (56.995 +/- 0.317) (P < 0.05). The IOD value remained lower at 24 hrs (27.719 +/- 0.309) and 48 hrs post- @entity75 (49.491 +/- 3.233) (P < 0.05). Until 72 hrs post- @entity75 , the IOD (55.972 +/- 2.236) restored to the control value. CONCLUSIONS: The brain mitochondrial DNA was fragmented in @entity21130 following brain @entity519 - @entity63 . It did not recover to normal until 72 hrs post- @entity75 . The @entity16 of mitochondrial DNA may be related to the @entity308 of mitochondrial respiratory enzymes activity and neuron apoptosis.

title: [Brain mitochondrial DNA damage of @entity21130 following XXXX - @entity63 ].

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxic-ischemic brain damage', 'HIBD']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['fragmentation damage']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity21130 :: ('MESH:D006475', 'Disease') :: ['newborn piglets']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic disorders']

answer: @entity519 :: (MESH:D000860,Disease) :: ['hypoxia']


abstract: A full-term baby @entity1 showed a bluish mass at birth in the right medial canthal area. She later demonstrated @entity4578 and @entity2688 . Although probing was performed, it was unsuccessful, and the @entity4578 and @entity2688 worsened. Computed tomography showed a dilated lacrimal sac, an enlarged nasolacrimal canal and a nasal cyst. Topical and intravenous systemic antibiotics were then started, and the symptoms partially subsided. Surgery was performed under general anesthesia with endoscopic assistance, under which cystic distention was visualized beneath the inferior turbinate. A dacryoendoscope showed injection and @entity548 on the inner wall of the cyst. Marsupialization of the cyst was performed. Histopathologic examination showed submucosal tissue including fibrous thickening with infiltration of mononuclear leukocytes. The @entity1 remained symptom free 6 months thereafter. Dacryoendoscopy for a congenital dacryocystocele demonstrated injection with @entity548 , and this inflammatory sign corresponded to the histopathologic findings.

title: Congenital dacryocystocele: comparative findings of dacryoendoscopy and histopathology in a XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['girl', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2688 :: ('MESH:D002481', 'Disease') :: ['cellulitis']

entities_list: @entity4578 :: ('MESH:D003607', 'Disease') :: ['dacryocystitis']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhages']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: Twenty-three @entity8880 and 18 granular @entity1358 (GRCC) were comparatively studied clinicopathologically and by DNA flow cytometry to delineate their differences. Of the @entity1 with @entity8880 , 15 were @entity1 and 8 were @entity1 , and their ages ranged from 42 to 81 years (mean, 64 years). The gross appearance of @entity8880 was characteristically homogeneous tan-brown, with variable @entity2318 , without areas of large @entity548 , and with no apparent @entity39 . Twenty-two @entity8880 were confined within the kidney (Robson stage I) and one @entity5 extended into the renal vein (stage IIIa). Twenty-two @entity8880 , including the stage IIIa @entity5 , manifested diploid DNA content and only one @entity5 showed a feature suggestive of near-diploid DNA aneuploidy. Of the 17 @entity1 with @entity8880 who had adequate follow-up, none developed @entity3 or died of disease. Of the @entity1 with GRCC, 13 were @entity1 and 5 were @entity1 , and their ages ranged from 30 to 73 years (mean, 53 years). The gross appearance of GRCC was variegated, yellow to tan, and punctuated with geographic areas of @entity39 . Eleven @entity1 with GRCC were stage I, 4 were stage II, 2 were stage IIIa, and 1 @entity1 had @entity3 at initial examination (stage IV). Seven GRCCs were DNA diploid, one was DNA tetraploid, and 10 @entity5 were DNA aneuploid. Twelve @entity1 were alive with no evidence of disease (12 to 36 months; median, 26 months). All @entity1 with DNA diploid @entity5 pursued benign clinical courses. One @entity1 was alive with metastatic disease and two @entity1 developed @entity3 and died of their disease; all three @entity1 had DNA @entity5 . Two @entity1 died of other causes and one @entity1 was lost to follow-up. Our data indicate that @entity8880 is a distinct clinicopathologic disease with characteristic gross, histologic, DNA flow cytometric, and biologic features that are different from GRCC.

title: @entity8880 and XXXX . A comparative clinicopathologic and DNA flow cytometric study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity8880 :: ('MESH:C537750', 'Disease') :: ['renal oncocytomas', 'renal oncocytoma']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors', 'aneuploid tumors', 'neoplasm']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['renal cell carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'metastases']

answer: @entity1358 :: (MESH:D002292,Disease) :: ['granular renal cell carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Wound healing after @entity726 filtering surgery is often complicated by exaggerated scarring of the subconjunctival Tenon's layer. Therefore, antiproliferatives are commonly employed. The immunosuppressive drug @entity618 ( @entity2098 ) is used to prevent graft rejection after kidney or liver transplantation. The effect is mediated by inhibition of lymphocyte proliferation. In this study we investigated the effect of @entity2098 on @entity1 Tenon fibroblast proliferation in cell culture. METHODS: @entity1 Tenon fibroblasts (HTF) were cultivated with 10% fetal calf serum. Cells were incubated with @entity2098 concentrations of 0.1 microM to 3000 microM for up to 20 days. In a second set of experiments HTF were incubated for 10 min only in @entity2098 solutions. Cell counts were performed to evaluate the proliferation rate. The proliferation was also assessed by Ki67 staining. Morphological changes were documented by vimentin staining. RESULTS: Growth inhibition of HTF by @entity2098 was concentration dependent. IC(50) was 0.85+/-0.05 microM for 6 days of incubation. Brief exposure to @entity2098 leads to a reversible @entity851 for up to 14 days with concentrations of 1000 microM or higher. Ki67 staining confirmed the concentration dependent proliferation rate. CONCLUSION: @entity2098 has a concentration-dependent antiproliferative effect on HTF without any detected @entity137 in the applied concentration range. Brief incubation also leads to a @entity851 ; therefore, intraoperative @entity2098 application might prevent exaggerated scarring after @entity726 filtering surgery.

title: Antiproliferative effect of XXXX on cultured @entity1 Tenon fibroblasts.

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['growth arrest']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity618 :: ('MESH:C063008', 'Chemical') :: ['mycophenolate mofetil']

answer: @entity618 :: (MESH:C063008,Chemical) :: ['mycophenolate mofetil']


abstract: During the period of January, 2003 to December 2004 a descriptive cross-sectional study was done to evaluate the variations in clinical pictures of @entity764 , rural and urban distribution, weapons used commonly and finally the result of existing treatment facilities in a general surgical unit of a tertiary level hospital. Total number of @entity1 was 68. All @entity1 of @entity764 with or without extra-thoracic other injuries admitted in this period was included non-randomly. Diagnosis was based on history, clinical examination and relevant investigation like radiography and ultrasonography. @entity2982 predominates over @entity1913 in this study. Associated extra @entity764 was present in a good number of cases. Most of the weapons were made locally and were used in household purposes. @entity130 predominates over accidental and incidence is more in rural than in urban areas. Most of the cases were treated by general supportive measures with or without intercostal tube thoracostomy. The outcome of treatment was satisfactory. Only one @entity1 developed @entity3509 thoracis and two @entity1 died.

title: Evaluation of 68 cases of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2982 :: ('MESH:D020197', 'Disease') :: ['Penetrating injury']

entities_list: @entity764 :: ('MESH:D013898', 'Disease') :: ['chest injury', 'thoracic injury']

entities_list: @entity1913 :: ('MESH:D014949', 'Disease') :: ['blunt injury']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['Homicidal injury']

answer: @entity764 :: (MESH:D013898,Disease) :: ['chest injuries']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A phase I study was conducted to determine the maximum-tolerated dose, dose-limiting @entity137 (DLTs), and pharmacokinetics of @entity11069 (4-HPR) delivered in an oral powderized lipid complex (LXS) in @entity1 with relapsed/refractory @entity521 . PROCEDURE: 4-HPR/LXS powder (352-2,210   mg/m(2) /day) was administered on Days 0-6, in 21-day courses, by standard 3   +   3 design. RESULTS: Thirty-two @entity1 (median age   =   8 years, range 3-27 years) enrolled with 30 evaluable for dose escalation. Prior therapies included stem cell transplantation/support (n   =   26), @entity10211 (n   =   22), (125/131) I-MIBG (n   =   13), and anti-GD2 antibody (n   =   6). 170+ courses were delivered. Course 1 DLTs were a Grade 3 (n   =   1) alkaline phosphatase at 352   mg/m(2) /day. Other major @entity137 were Grade 4 (n   =   1) alkaline phosphatases on Courses 5 and 6 at 774   mg/m(2) /day, and Grade 3 (n   =   1) ALT/AST elevation on Course 2 at 1,700   mg/m(2) /day. Of 29 response-evaluable @entity1 , six had @entity66 ( @entity66 ) (4-26 courses); four with marrow- or bone disease-only had complete responses (CR) (10-46 courses). 4-HPR plasma levels were several folds higher (P   <   0.05) than previously reported using capsular @entity11069 . The Day 6 mean peak 4-HPR plasma level at 1,700   mg/m(2) /day was 21     M. An MTD was not reached. CONCLUSIONS: 4-HPR/LXS oral powder obtained higher plasma levels, with minimal @entity137 and evidence of anti- @entity5 activity, than a previous capsule formulation. A recommended phase II schedule of 4-HPR/LXS powder is 1,500   mg/m(2) /day, TID, on Days 0-6, of a 21-day course.

title: Phase I trial of XXXX delivered orally in a novel organized lipid complex in @entity1 with relapsed/refractory @entity521 : a report from the New Approaches to @entity521 Therapy (NANT) consortium.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['SD', 'stable disease']

entities_list: @entity11069 :: ('MESH:D017313', 'Chemical') :: ['fenretinide']

entities_list: @entity10211 :: ('MESH:D015474', 'Chemical') :: ['13-cis-retinoic acid']

entities_list: @entity521 :: ('MESH:D009447', 'Disease') :: ['neuroblastoma']

answer: @entity11069 :: (MESH:D017313,Chemical) :: ['fenretinide']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Preclinical evaluation of the anti-neoplastic activity of an @entity2856 ( @entity2856 ) kinase inhibitor in @entity43 . METHODS: The @entity1 and @entity1 cell lines were investigated under serum-free tissue culture conditions. @entity442 and @entity5100 production were evaluated by standard ELISA and immunohistochemistry. @entity2856 expression and protein levels were evaluated by Western blotting. @entity137 assays were performed in triplicates using the Alamar colorimetric assay. Apoptosis was evaluated by flow cytometry and by Western blotting for @entity12982 . RESULTS: The @entity1 and @entity1 cell lines produce @entity442 and @entity5100 , and express @entity2856 , detectable by Western blotting, supporting the existence of an autocrine loop. The existence of this loop justified studies of NVP-AEW541, a small molecular weight inhibitor of the @entity2856 kinase. We observed growth inhibition of the @entity43 cell lines, with IC50 between 5 and 15 microM. We also observed that NVP-AEW541 sensitized cells to @entity900 in vitro. Western blotting demonstrated that NVP-AEW541 induced apoptosis at the concentrations that were used in the @entity137 assays, and decreased the concentration of the phosphorylated AKT signaling protein downstream of the @entity2856 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity2856 is a potential new molecular target in @entity43 . The anti-neoplastic activity of NVP-AEW541 in @entity43 was observed at concentrations higher than those previously reported for @entity1582 , suggesting the possibility that a portion of the observed anti-neoplastic activity could involve targets other than the @entity2856 . Experiments are being conducted to investigate the @entity137 profile in vivo and the clinical relevance of NVP-AEW541 in @entity43 treatment.

title: Insulin-like growth factor receptor I targeting in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['Cytotoxicity', 'cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity1582 :: ('MESH:D009101', 'Disease') :: ['multiple myeloma']

entities_list: @entity2856 :: ('3480', 'Gene') :: ['insulin-like growth factor I receptor', 'IGF-IR']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['epithelial ovarian cancer']


abstract: The primary objective of this study was to describe the injury characteristics and demographics of @entity1 injured during woodworking activities, upon their arrival to the emergency department in a regional of France where this industry is prevalent. The secondary objective was to compare @entity1 and injury characteristics for work-related and hobby-related accidents. A cohort of 87 @entity1 who had suffered a woodworking accident over a two-year period was evaluated; 79 were available for follow-up. The context and circumstances of the accident, nature and location of the @entity130 and @entity1 demographics were recorded. Hobby-related accidents accounted for two-thirds of the accidents (51/79). Most of the injured workers were either loggers (35%) or carpenters (46%). The hand was injured in 53 cases (67%). Work-related accidents resulted in significantly more serious consequences in terms of hospital stay, work stoppage, resumption of work or retraining than hobby-related accidents. For the workplace accidents, 86% occurred on new machines; more than 25% of the machines involved in accidents at home were over 15 years. Sixty-eight per cent of workers were wearing their safety gear, while only 31% of those injured during recreational woodworking wore the appropriate gear. Several elements of prevention should be improved: information about the need to maintain the equipment, protect the worker with suitable clothing, and learn which maneuvers are considered hazardous. Safety gear should be regularly inspected in the workplace.

title: XXXX : A comparative study of work-related and hobby-related accidents.

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['injuries']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['Woodworking injuries']


abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of diets with different starch concentrations and fish oil (FO) supplementation on lactation performance, in vivo total-tract nutrient digestibility, N balance, and @entity577 ( @entity578 ) emissions in lactating dairy @entity291 . The experiment was conducted as a 4*4 Latin square design with a 2*2 factorial arrangement: 2 concentrations of dietary starch [low vs. high: 23.7 and 27.7% on a @entity62 ( @entity62 ) basis; neutral detergent fiber/starch ratios: 1.47 and 1.12], the presence or absence of FO supplement (0.80% on a @entity62 basis), and their interaction were evaluated. Four Italian Friesian @entity291 were fed 1 of the following 4 diets in 4 consecutive 26-d periods: (1) low starch (LS), (2) low starch plus FO (LSO), (3) high starch (HS), and (4) high starch plus FO (HSO). The diets contained the same amount of forages ( @entity4336 silage, alfalfa and @entity2023 ). The starch concentration was balanced using different proportions of @entity4336 meal and @entity1460 hulls. The @entity291 were housed in metabolic stalls inside open-circuit respiration chambers to allow measurement of @entity578 emission and the collection of separate urine and feces. No differences among treatments were observed for @entity62 intake. We observed a trend for FO to increase milk yield: 29.2 and 27.5kg/d, on average, for diets with and without FO, respectively. Milk fat was affected by the interaction between dietary starch and FO: milk fat decreased only in the HSO diet. Energy-corrected milk (ECM) was affected by the interaction between starch and FO, with a positive effect of FO on the LS diet. Fish oil supplementation decreased the n-6:n-3 ratio of milk @entity1474 . High-starch diets negatively influenced all digestibility parameters measured except starch, whereas FO improved neutral detergent fiber digestibility (41.9 vs. 46.1% for diets without and with FO, respectively, and ether extract digestibility (53.7 vs. 67.1% for diets without and with FO, respectively). We observed a trend for lower @entity578 emission (g/d) and intensity (g/kg of milk) with the high-starch diets compared with the low-starch diets: 396 versus 415g/d on average, respectively, and 14.1 versus 14.9g/kg of milk, respectively. @entity577 intensity per kilogram of ECM was affected by the interaction between starch and FO, with a positive effect of FO for the LS diet: 14.5 versus 13.3g of @entity578 /kg of ECM for LS and LSO diets, respectively.

title: Effect of dietary starch concentration and fish oil supplementation on milk yield and composition, diet digestibility, and XXXX emissions in lactating dairy @entity291 .

entities_list: @entity2023 :: ('MESH:D006255', 'Disease') :: ['meadow hays']

entities_list: @entity1474 :: ('MESH:D005231', 'Chemical') :: ['polyunsaturated fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity577 :: ('MESH:D008697', 'Chemical') :: ['methane', 'Methane']

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['DM', 'dry matter']

answer: @entity577 :: (MESH:D008697,Chemical) :: ['methane']


abstract: Mixed @entity189 (MANEC) is a rare @entity5 of the gastrointestinal tract that consists of a dual @entity8799 , each component representing at least 30% of the @entity5 . To date, only seven cases have been reported in the cecum, and less than 40 in the stomach. Our first case was diagnosed in a 74-years-old female as a polypoid lesion of the cecum with direct invasion in the transverse colon, without lymph node @entity3 . The second case was diagnosed in the stomach of a 46-years-old male as a polypoid @entity5 of the antral region that invaded the pancreas and presented @entity3 in 22 regional lymph nodes. The metastatic tissue was represented by the glandular component. In both cases, the @entity5 consisted of a moderately-differentiated @entity420 (with mucinous component in Case 1) intermingled with @entity3270 . Ki67 index was lower than 20% in Case 1, respectively higher than 20% in Case 2. The neuroendocrine component was marked by @entity5473 and neuron specific enolase, being negative for @entity24426 . The neuroendocrine component represented 60% in Case 1, and 40% in Case 2, respectively. The glandular components were marked by carcinoembryonic antigen, @entity24208 and @entity59860 ). Both cases were proved to be microsatellite stable. Independently by the localization and @entity5 stage, MANECs appear to be highly malignant @entity5 , with high risk for distant @entity3 . The @entity146 seems to depend on the endocrine component, independent of its proportion. The neuroendocrine component could be a dedifferentiated @entity420 with a neuroendocrine phenotype.

title: Mixed XXXX of gastrointestinal tract: report of two cases.

entities_list: @entity8799 :: ('MESH:D018358', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinomatous and neuroendocrine differentiation']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressiveness']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['tubular adenocarcinoma', 'adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3270 :: ('MESH:D018278', 'Disease') :: ['neuroendocrine carcinoma']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma']


abstract: Baculoviridae is a large family of double-stranded DNA viruses that selectively infect insects. @entity20422 californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus ( @entity20422 ) is the best-studied baculovirus from the family. Many studies over the last several years have shown that @entity20422 can enter a wide variety of @entity1 cells and deliver genetic material for foreign gene expression. While most animal viruses studied so far have developed sophisticated mechanisms to selectively infect specific cells and tissues in an organism, @entity20422 can penetrate and deliver foreign genes into most cells studied to this date. The details about the mechanisms of internalization have been partially described. In the present study, we have identified a @entity165 recognition @entity535 consensus (CRAC) domain present in the @entity20422 envelope fusion protein GP64. We demonstrated the association of a CRAC domain with @entity165 , which is important to facilitate the anchoring of the virus at the @entity1 cell membrane. Furthermore, this initial anchoring favors @entity20422 endocytosis via a dynamin- and clathrin-dependent mechanism. Under these conditions, efficient baculovirus-driven gene expression is obtained. In contrast, when @entity165 is reduced from the plasma membrane, @entity20422 enters the cell via a dynamin- and clathrin-independent mechanism. The result of using this alternative internalization pathway is a reduced level of baculovirus-driven gene expression. This study is the first to document the importance of a novel CRAC domain in GP64 and its role in modulating gene delivery in @entity20422 .

title: A @entity165 recognition XXXX consensus domain in GP64 fusion protein facilitates anchoring of baculovirus to @entity1 cells.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

entities_list: @entity20422 :: ('46015', 'Species') :: ['AcMNPV', 'Autographa']

answer: @entity535 :: (CHEBI:33704,Chemical) :: ['amino acid']


abstract: 1. BRL-3A cells possess a specific @entity3244 with an apparent mol. wt of 160,000 that binds, with saturation, both @entity1 and @entity35 125I-LDL. 2. Like @entity1 fibroblasts, BRL-3A cells also bind, internalize and degrade 125I-hLDL but to a lesser extent. 3. BRL-3A cells also bind the monoclonal antibody against @entity35 liver @entity3244 P1B3. Moreover the @entity3244 activity increases when cells are preincubated with medium containing 5% of LPDS. 4. As with @entity1 (h) fibroblasts, treatment of BRL-3A cells with 10(-7) M insulin enhances binding (30%), internalization (18%) and degradation (20%) of 125I-hLDL.

title: Characterization of the XXXX activity in @entity35 liver (BRL-3A) cells.

answer: @entity3244 :: (300438(Tax:10116),Gene) :: ['low density lipoprotein receptor']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Childhood @entity130 are a major public health problem worldwide, @entity130 being the leading cause of @entity204 and disability from early childhood through adolescence. OBJECTIVE: To examine the 40-year nationwide trends in the number and incidence of @entity130 among @entity1 aged 0-14 years in Finland, a country with a white European population of 5.3 million. METHODS: Data were obtained from the Official Cause-of-Death Statistics of Finland during 1971-2010. The main categories for unintentional @entity204 were road traffic injury, water traffic injury, falls, drowning and @entity4968 . For intentional @entity204 , the main categories were suicide and homicide. RESULTS: In 1971, there were 109 @entity130 involving @entity1 and 207 involving @entity1 , and in 2010, these numbers were 10 and 16. The corresponding incidence rates (per 100   000 @entity1 per year) were 20.1 and 2.3 ( @entity1 ), and 36.7 and 3.5 ( @entity1 ). The @entity130 was mostly due to fewer unintentional @entity130 . The greatest decline occurred in the number of fatal motor @entity130 : from 57 ( @entity1 ) and 92 ( @entity1 ) in 1971 to 5 ( @entity1 ) and 2 ( @entity1 ) in 2010. @entity14481 followed a similar pattern. Violence-related @entity204 also showed a decreasing trend. In 1971, there were 14 intentional @entity204 in @entity1 and 15 in @entity1 , while in 2010 these numbers were 0 and 3, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: This nationwide study confirms a decline in childhood @entity204 over the last four decades, with the greatest declines occurring in the number of fatal motor @entity130 , drownings and intentional @entity130 .

title: Fatal childhood XXXX in Finland, 1971-2010.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'girls', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity4968 :: ('MESH:D011041', 'Disease') :: ['poisoning']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['injury deaths', 'death', 'deaths']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['vehicle injuries', 'reduction in fatal injuries', 'injuries', 'fatal injuries']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['injuries']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: @entity10233 and @entity2614 are frequently used for maintenance of anesthesia and studies have shown that these anesthetics cause a variety of changes to the oxidative stress and antioxidative defense mechanisms. This study aims to compare the effects of @entity2614 , @entity10233 and @entity1875 infusion anesthesia on the oxidant and antioxidant systems of @entity1 undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. METHODS: 45 @entity1 between 18 and 50 years with planned laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthetic were included in the study. @entity1 were divided into three groups on the way to surgery: @entity1875 (group P n: 15), @entity2614 (group S n: 15) and @entity10233 (group D n: 15). All groups were given hypnotic 2mg/kg propofol IV, 1mcg/kg fentanyl IV and 0.1mg/kg vecuronium IV for induction. For maintenance of anesthesia group S were ventilated with 2% @entity2614 , group D cases were given 6% @entity10233 and group P were given @entity1875 infusions of 12mg/kg/h for the first 10min, 9mg/kg/h for the second 10min and 6mg/kg/h after that. Before induction and after the operation venous blood samples were taken to evaluate the levels of glutation peroxidase, total oxidants and antioxidants. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The 45 @entity1 included in the study were 22 male and 23 female @entity1 . The demographic characteristics of the groups were similar. In the postoperative period we observed that while @entity2614 and @entity1875 increased antioxidants by a statistically significant level, @entity10233 increased the total oxidants level by a significant amount compared to levels before the operation.

title: Comparison of effects on the oxidant/antioxidant system of XXXX , @entity10233 and @entity1875 infusion during general anesthesia.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity10233 :: ('MESH:C053562', 'Chemical') :: ['desflurane', 'Desflurane']

entities_list: @entity1875 :: ('MESH:D015742', 'Chemical') :: ['propofol']

entities_list: @entity2614 :: ('MESH:C009250', 'Chemical') :: ['sevoflurane']

answer: @entity2614 :: (MESH:C009250,Chemical) :: ['sevoflurane']


abstract: Optimizing responses to intravenous @entity1483 (ivF) in @entity3126 is limited by current insensitive noninvasive means of volume assessment. We conducted a pilot study to assess the feasibility of performing repeated measures of echocardiographic and bioimpedance analysis (BIA) parameters and test their response as noninvasive markers of volume response to ivF. We also aimed to identify the most potentially sensitive markers of this response. @entity1 receiving ivF for a clinical diagnosis of acute @entity3126 were studied. Echocardiographic and BIA parameters were measured at 0, 0.5, 1, 2, and 3 h after ivF. Intraobserver variability for each parameter was determined. Thirty-one @entity1 were enrolled who were receiving 40-100 mg of ivF. Transmitral (MV) early peak velocity following Valsalva maneuver and transtricuspid (TV) early peak velocity reduced significantly (P= 0.012 and 0.010, respectively), whereas MV deceleration time increased significantly (P= 0.006) in response to ivF. @entity851 inferior vena cava diameter (SIVC) in expiration and inspiration and SIVC corrected for body surface area in expiration and inspiration reduced significantly following ivF (P= 0.039, 0.020, 0.032, and 0.016, respectively). BIA estimates of extracellular water decreased significantly (P= 0.001), whereas impedance (Z) at currents of 5, 50, 100, and 200 kHz increased following ivF; the changes were significant with all but the last parameter (P < 0.0001, 0.006, 0.010, and 0.051, respectively). Maximal change from baseline for each parameter was greater than its respective intraobserver variability. Performing repeated measures of echocardiographic and BIA parameters is feasible in this unstable group of @entity1 . The above panel of parameters could potentially be used to track volume response to ivF and, thus, to optimize treatment in @entity3126 .

title: Performing repeated noninvasive bedside measures of volume response to intravenous @entity1483 in XXXX : a feasibility assessment.

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['Short-axis']

entities_list: @entity1483 :: ('MESH:D005665', 'Chemical') :: ['furosemide']

entities_list: @entity3126 :: ('MESH:D011654', 'Disease') :: ['acute pulmonary edema', 'cardiogenic pulmonary edema']

answer: @entity3126 :: (MESH:D011654,Disease) :: ['acute pulmonary edema']


abstract: PURPOSE: The ideal treatment of @entity1 with @entity4436 is still controversial. @entity12870 has been the treatment of choice for decades, but primary @entity254 with a defunctioning stoma has become an accepted alternative. The aim of this study was to evaluate the stoma reversal rates after these two surgical strategies. METHODS: A retrospective review of the data from @entity1 with perforated sigmoid diverticulitis between 2002 and 2011 undergoing a @entity12870 ( @entity12870 ) versus a primary @entity254 with a defunctioning stoma (PA) was performed. Additionally, @entity1 were contacted by mail or telephone in March 2012 using a standardized questionnaire. RESULTS: A total of 98 @entity1 were identified: 72 undergoing @entity12870 and 26 @entity1 receiving PA. The median follow-up time was 63 months (range 4-118). Whilst 85 % of @entity1 with PA have had their stoma reversed, only 58 % of @entity1 with an @entity12870 had a stoma reversal (p   =   0.046). The median period until stoma reversal was significantly longer for @entity12870 (19 weeks) than for PA (12 weeks; p   =   0.03). The 30-day mortality for PA was 12 % as opposed to 25 % for @entity12870 (p   =   0.167). According to the Clavien-Dindo classification, surgical complications occurred significantly less frequently in @entity1 with PA (p   =   0.014). CONCLUSION: The stoma reversal rates for PA are significantly higher than for @entity12870 . Thus, depending on the overall clinical situation, primary resection and @entity254 with a proximal defunctioning stoma might be the optimal procedure for selected @entity1 with perforated @entity66 .

title: Primary @entity254 with a defunctioning stoma versus @entity12870 for XXXX --a comparison of stoma reversal rates.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['diverticular disease']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity4436 :: ('MESH:D004238', 'Disease') :: ['perforated diverticulitis']

entities_list: @entity12870 :: ('MESH:D055191', 'Disease') :: ['HP', "Hartmann's procedure"]

answer: @entity4436 :: (MESH:D004238,Disease) :: ['perforated diverticulitis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Genetically derived @entity1503 are a rare heterogeneous group of disorders. Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is curative but offset by organ toxicities from the preparative regimen, graft rejection, @entity2132 ( @entity2132 ), or mortality. Because of these possibilities, consideration of HCT can be delayed, especially in the unrelated donor setting. We report a prospective multicenter trial of reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC) with alemtuzumab, @entity3118 , and melphalan and HCT in 11 @entity1 with marrow failure of genetic origin (excluding @entity11807 ) using the best available donor source (82% from unrelated donors). The median age at transplantation was 23 months (range, 2 months to 14 years). The median times to neutrophil (>500  * 10(6)/L) and platelet (>50  * 10(9)/L) engraftment were 13 (range, 12 to 24) and 30 (range, 7 to 55) days, respectively. The day  +100 probability of grade II to IV acute @entity2132 and the 1-year probability of limited and extensive @entity2132 were 9% and 27%, respectively. The probability of 5-year overall and event-free survival was 82%; 9 @entity1 were alive with normal blood counts at last follow-up and all were successfully off systemic immunosuppression. In @entity1 with genetically derived severe @entity1503 , allogeneic HCT with this RIC regimen was successful in achieving a cure. This experience supports consideration of HCT early in such @entity1 even in the absence of suitable related donors.

title: Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Using Reduced-Intensity Conditioning Is Successful in XXXX with @entity1503 of Genetic Origin.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['hematologic cytopenias']

entities_list: @entity3118 :: ('MESH:C024352', 'Chemical') :: ['fludarabine']

entities_list: @entity2132 :: ('MESH:D006086', 'Disease') :: ['GVHD', 'graft-versus-host disease']

entities_list: @entity11807 :: ('MESH:D005199', 'Disease') :: ['Fanconi anemia']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Children']


abstract: A stereo chemical refinement of the crystalline complex between porcine @entity49965 and a pseudopentasaccharide from the amylostatin family has been performed through molecular mechanics calculations, using a set of parameters appropriate for protein and protein- @entity1735 interactions. The refinement provided a starting point for docking a maltopentaose moiety within the catalytic site, in the absence of water. A thorough exploration of the different orientations and conformations of @entity51811 established the sense of binding of the amylosic substrate in the amylase cleft. After optimising the geometry of the binding site, the conformations adopted by the four contiguous linkages could be rationalised by considering the environment, either hydrophobic or hydrophilic, of the different @entity413 moieties. Seemingly, details of the non-bonded interactions ( @entity3884 bonds, @entity558 Waals and stacking interactions) that underlie this molecular recognition have been established. In particular, it was confirmed that the three acidic @entity1522 of the catalytic site ( @entity2574 197, @entity2574 300 and @entity367 233) are close to their glucosidic target, and that there is no steric reason to propose an alteration of the 4C1 conformation of the @entity413 residue prior to hydrolysis. However, in the absence of water molecules, it is difficult to elucidate the details of the catalysis. Additional macroscopic information has been gained, such as the impossibility to fit a double-helical arrangement of amylose chains in the amylasic cleft. This explains why some native starches containing such motifs resist amylolytic enzymes. Tentative models involving longer amylosic chains have been elaborated, which extend our knowledge of the interaction and orientation of starch fragments in the vicinity of the hydrolytic sites.

title: Molecular modelling of the interaction between the catalytic site of pig XXXX and amylose fragments.

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity3884 :: ('MESH:D006859', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrogen']

entities_list: @entity51811 :: ('MESH:C019193', 'Chemical') :: ['maltopentaose']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity49965 :: (100152255(Tax:9823),Gene) :: ['pancreatic alpha-amylase']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to describe the incidence and risk factors for the development of anterior @entity1596 in @entity1 receiving intravenous @entity7076 for the treatment of longstanding @entity10657 . DESIGN: The study design was a retrospective cohort. @entity1 : Eighteen @entity1 (30 eyes) receiving parenteral @entity7076 for the treatment of complicated @entity10657 participated. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The clinical response to parenteral @entity7076 ; the occurrence of anterior @entity1596 , and the management and outcome of @entity1 with this complication; and the effect of @entity7076 on intraocular pressure measurements were measured. RESULTS: There was no progression or relapse of @entity2479 in @entity1 receiving intravenous @entity7076 . Eight (44%) of the 18 @entity1 developed anterior @entity1596 , which occurred after a median of 4 doses of intravenous @entity7076 . The median @entity404 + cell count at the time of development of @entity5890 was 101/mm3. @entity1 who developed @entity1596 had a mean increase in serum @entity1011 over baseline measurements (P = 0.05). The use of @entity2858 ) protease inhibitors was not different between both groups of @entity1 (P = 1.0). The development of anterior @entity1596 and visually significant @entity8814 necessitated withdrawal of @entity7076 in only one @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Anterior @entity1596 was a common complication after intravenous @entity7076 therapy. Despite the frequency of this complication, continued treatment with intravenous @entity7076 was possible in the majority of @entity1 . @entity1 with anterior @entity1596 after intravenous @entity7076 may be treated successfully with topical corticosteroid therapy and cycloplegic agents.

title: Anterior XXXX and @entity8814 after intravenous @entity7076 for the treatment of @entity10657 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity10657 :: ('MESH:D017726', 'Disease') :: ['cytomegalovirus retinitis']

entities_list: @entity2479 :: ('MESH:D012173', 'Disease') :: ['retinitis']

entities_list: @entity2858 :: ('11676', 'Species') :: ['human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1']

entities_list: @entity7076 :: ('MESH:C059262', 'Chemical') :: ['cidofovir']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

answer: @entity1596 :: (MESH:D014605,Disease) :: ['uveitis']


abstract: HLA-B27/beta2 microglobulin transgenic (TG) @entity35 spontaneously develop @entity784 when colonized with normal commensal bacteria, but remain disease-free under germ-free conditions. We investigated regulation of in vitro T-cell responses to enteric bacterial components. Bacterial lysates prepared from the caecal contents of specific pathogen-free (SPF) @entity35 stimulated @entity3692 ( @entity3692 ) production by TG but not non-TG mesenteric lymph node (MLN) cells. In contrast, essentially equivalent amounts of @entity13358 ( @entity13358 ) were produced by TG and non-TG cells. However, when cells from MLNs of non-TG @entity35 were cocultured with TG MLN cells, no suppression of @entity3692 production was noted. Both non-TG and TG @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ) pulsed with caecal bacterial lysate were able to induce @entity3692 production by TG CD4+ cells, although non-TG @entity1358 were more efficient than TG @entity1358 . Interestingly, the addition of exogenous @entity13358 inhibited non-TG @entity1358 but not TG @entity1358 stimulation of @entity3692 production by cocultured TG CD4+ lymphocytes. Conversely, in the presence of exogenous @entity3692 , production of @entity13358 was significantly lower in the supernatants of TG compared to non-TG @entity1358 cultures. We conclude that commensal luminal bacterial components induce exaggerated in vitro @entity3692 responses in HLA-B27 TG T cells, which may in turn inhibit the production of regulatory molecules, such as @entity13358 . Alterations in the production of @entity3692 , and in responses to this cytokine, as well as possible resistance of TG cells to suppressive regulation could together contribute to the development of @entity1960 in TG @entity35 .

title: Dysregulated luminal bacterial antigen-specific T-cell responses and antigen-presenting cell function in HLA-B27 transgenic @entity35 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity784 :: ('MESH:D016399', 'Disease') :: ['T-cell-mediated colitis']

entities_list: @entity1960 :: ('MESH:D003092', 'Disease') :: ['chronic colitis']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['APC', 'antigen-presenting cells']

answer: @entity1960 :: (MESH:D003092,Disease) :: ['chronic colitis']


abstract: @entity1 with @entity4794 and some degree of @entity67 may benefit from inotropic or pulmonary vasodilator drugs in the early postoperative period. Thirty @entity1 undergoing an operation for @entity4794 were randomized into three groups. In group I (n = 10), @entity3044 (5 micrograms/kg/min) was started in the immediate postoperative period. In group P (n = 10), @entity5015 (0.08 microgram/kg/min) was given, and in group C, the control group (n = 10), no drugs were used. After the operation and before drug therapy was begun, basal measurements of cardiac index, mean pulmonary arterial and mean arterial pressures, and pulmonary vascular resistance were taken. Measurements were repeated at 6, 12, and 24 hours. Mean measurements of cardiac index (basal up to 24 hours) were as follows: 1.39 +/- 0.3, 1.92 +/- 0.4, 2.4 +/- 0.5, and 2.34 +/- 0.3 L/min/m2 for group C; 1.54 +/- 0.5, 2.64 +/- 0.4, 2.68 +/- 0.7, and 2.2 +/- 0.6 L/min/m2 for group I, and 1.57 +/- 0.3, 2.2 +/- 0.6, 2.72 +/- 0.7, and 2.27 +/- 0.4 L/min/m2 for group P (p less than 0.05 between groups C and I at 6 and 12 hours). Mean pulmonary artery pressures were as follows: 19.5 +/- 3.2, 24.8 +/- 7, 27.7 +/- 7.3 and 28.8 +/- 5.7 mm Hg in group C; 21.4 +/- 8.7, 25.7 +/- 7.2, 26.4 +/- 7, and 29.4 +/- 8.6 mm Hg in group I, and 19.1 +/- 4, 19.2 +/- 3, 20.4 +/- 6, and 20.7 +/- 5 mm Hg in group P (p less than 0.05, group P versus groups C and I at 6, 12, and 24 hours). Mean pulmonary vascular resistances were as follows: 3.9 +/- 2.4, 3.9 +/- 1, 3.36 +/- 2, and 3.2 +/- 1.4 Wood units in group C; 4.84 +/- 4, 3.37 +/- 2.2, 3.69 +/- 3, and 4.69 +/- 4.1 Wood units in group I, and 3.29 +/- 1.3, 1.71 +/- 0.5, 1.61 +/- 0.5, and 1.96 +/- 0.8 Wood units in group P (p less than 0.05, group P versus groups C and I at 6, 12, and 24 hours). There was no difference in mean systemic arterial pressure among the three groups. Our results indicate that @entity1 subjected to mitral valve operations have a low cardiac index. @entity3044 increases cardiac index but has little effect on pulmonary resistance. At low doses, @entity5015 effectively decreases pulmonary vascular resistance without altering systemic arterial pressure or heart rate.

title: Hemodynamic effects of @entity5015 and XXXX early after cardiac operations for @entity4794 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5015 :: ('MESH:D000527', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandin E1']

entities_list: @entity4794 :: ('MESH:D008946', 'Disease') :: ['mitral stenosis']

entities_list: @entity3044 :: ('MESH:D007545', 'Chemical') :: ['Isoproterenol', 'isoproterenol']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['right ventricular failure']

answer: @entity3044 :: (MESH:D007545,Chemical) :: ['isoproterenol']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The purposes of this study were to track mortality and rehospitalizations over 5 years poststroke in a @entity64 cohort (SC) and compare long-term risks of complications to a matched nonstroke cohort (NSC). METHODS: A cohort design with a matched NSC comparison was used. The SC constituted a validated database of acute @entity385 @entity1 , >= 65 years, hospitalized across 19 Minnesota hospitals in the year 2000. The NSC was constructed from the year 2000 General Medicare Population by matching SC members on age, race, and sex. Both cohorts were tracked across 5 years of Medicare claims data to identify dates and causes of rehospitalization and death dates. Kaplan-Meier survival curves estimated cumulative incidence rates. Cox models calculated adjusted hazard ratios. RESULTS: Event rates and adjusted hazard ratios were: mortality: 1 year SC=24%, NSC=4%; 5 years SC=49%, NSC=24% (hazard ratio, 4.4; 95% CI, 3.6 to 5.5). Overall rehospitalization rates were: 1 year SC=49%, NSC=20%; 5 years SC=83%; NSC=63% (hazard ratio, 2.6; 95% CI, 2.2 to 3.0). Cause-specific 5-year rehospitalization rates were significantly higher in SC versus NSC for recurrent @entity385 , @entity712 , @entity299 , any vascular events, @entity55 , and @entity173 . The excess risk of mortality and rehospitalizations in the SC persisted beyond the initial aftermath of the @entity64 (i.e., beyond 30 days poststroke) and persisted even after 1 year poststroke. Average acute care Medicare charges in SC were more than doubled those in NSC. CONCLUSIONS: The high rates of acute care poststroke readmissions indicate a need for trials to prevent long-term complications in @entity64 survivors.

title: Five-year rehospitalization outcomes in a cohort of XXXX with acute @entity385 : Medicare linkage study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'acute stroke']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity173 :: ('MESH:D006620', 'Disease') :: ['hip fractures']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac events']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: It has been reported that local thermal therapy with a hot pack or paraffin relieves @entity158 . We hypothesized that systemic warming may decrease @entity158 and improve the outcomes in @entity1 with @entity1118 . The purpose of this study was to clarify the effects of systemic thermal therapy in @entity1 with @entity1118 . METHODS: Group A (n = 24) @entity1 with @entity1118 were treated by a multidisciplinary treatment including cognitive behavioral therapy, rehabilitation, and exercise therapy, whereas group B (n = 22) @entity1 were treated by a combination of multidisciplinary treatment and repeated thermal therapy. A far-infrared ray dry sauna therapy and post-sauna warming were performed once a day for 4 weeks during hospitalization. We investigated the improvements in subjective symptoms, the number of @entity158 behavior after treatment and outcomes 2 years after discharge. RESULTS: The visual analog @entity158 score, number of @entity158 behavior, self-rating @entity308 scale, and anger score significantly decreased after treatment in both groups. After treatment, the number of @entity158 behavior was slightly smaller (p = 0.07) and anger score was significantly lower in group B than those in group A (p = 0.05). Two years after treatment, 17 @entity1 (77%) in group B returned to work compared with 12 @entity1 (50%) in group A (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that a combination of multidisciplinary treatment and repeated thermal therapy may be a promising method for treatment of @entity1118 .

title: The effects of repeated thermal therapy for XXXX with @entity1118 .

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: AIMS: The aim of this prospective study was to assess the clinical value of a management strategy principally based on the results of multiplane transoesophageal echocardiography (TEE) in @entity1 with suspected @entity281 . METHODS AND RESULTS: Seventy-seven consecutive @entity1 were included. Based on Duke's modified criteria, PTLI was considered as definite in 54 @entity1 (70%) and possible in 23 @entity1 (30%). Nineteen @entity1 with a diagnosis of possible @entity281 , as defined by @entity582 without abnormal TEE images and without evidence of pacemaker pocket @entity281 , were treated by antibiotics alone. In all other cases, the pacing material was totally removed. During a mean follow-up time of 3.1+/-2.5 years, 21 @entity1 (27%) died, mostly from cardiovascular causes. Only one @entity1 died from @entity281 and there was only one case of delayed @entity281 recurrence in an other localization. No significant differences in outcome were observed between explanted and non-explanted @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: The results observed confirm that early and total explantation of pacing material has to be done in @entity1 with @entity582 and abnormal images at TEE. But conversely conservation of the pacing system can be proposed to @entity1 with @entity582 but without abnormal images at TEE provided prolonged antibiotic treatment is given.

title: Suspected pacemaker or defibrillator transvenous XXXX . Prospective assessment of a TEE-guided therapeutic strategy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection', 'lead infection']

entities_list: @entity582 :: ('MESH:C531821', 'Disease') :: ['bacteraemia']

answer: @entity281 :: (MESH:D007239,Disease) :: ['lead infection']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3745 antibodies (TgAb) are produced by 10%-25% of @entity259 @entity1 and interfere with @entity3745 measurement, a marker of residual or recurrent @entity5 after surgery. Our purpose was to describe the TgAb resolution time course and the significance of persistent antibody elevation after thyroidectomy. METHODS: A database of 247 consecutive @entity1 with TgAb measured preoperatively who underwent thyroidectomy for differentiated @entity259 between January 2007 and May 2013 was reviewed. @entity1 were stratified by TgAb status (positive or negative) and recurrence (defined as biopsy proven disease or unplanned second surgery). Survival and regression analysis was used to determine TgAb resolution time course. Log-rank was used to determine an association between persistent antibody elevation and recurrence. RESULTS: Of 247 @entity1 (77% @entity1 , 23% @entity1 ; mean 45.7      1.0  y) with TgAb measured preoperatively, 34 (14%) were TgAb+ (>= 20 IU/mL; mean 298.1      99.2 IU/mL). Median time to TgAb resolution was 11.0      2.3  mo, and the majority resolved by 32.4  mo. Regression analysis of patients with antibody resolution yielded an average decline of -11% IU/mL per month    2.2%. Disease-free survival was equivalent between TgAb-positive and TgAb-negative groups (P  =  0.8). In 9 of 34 patients, antibodies had not resolved at the last follow-up and imaging could not identify recurrent disease. CONCLUSIONS: TgAb are common in @entity1 with @entity259 but resolve after treatment at approximately -11% IU/mL per month from preoperative levels with median resolution at 11.0  mo. Persistently elevated levels after thyroidectomy were not associated with disease recurrence in our series.

title: XXXX antibody resolution after total thyroidectomy for @entity5 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity259 :: ('MESH:D013964', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity3745 :: ('7038', 'Gene') :: ['Thyroglobulin', 'thyroglobulin']

answer: @entity3745 :: (7038,Gene) :: ['Thyroglobulin']


abstract: We investigated DNA base damage in @entity1 cells exposed to exogenous @entity68 ions in culture. @entity19 hybridoma cells were treated with @entity8798 ions at concentrations of 10 microM, 100 microM, and 1 mM. Chromatin was isolated from treated and control cells and analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry for DNA base damage. Ten modified DNA bases were identified in both @entity8798 -treated and control cells. The quantification of modified bases was achieved by isotope-dilution mass spectrometry. In @entity8798 -treated cells, the amounts of modified bases were increased significantly above the background levels found in control cells. @entity3733 at concentrations up to 1 M in the culture medium did not significantly inhibit the formation of modified DNA bases. A mathematical simulation used to evaluate the plausibility of DNA damage upon @entity8798 treatment predicted a dose-dependent response, which agreed with the experimental results. In addition, @entity8798 treatment of cells increased the cell membrane permeability and caused production of lipid @entity2627 . The nature of DNA base lesions suggests the involvement of the @entity3787 radical in their formation. The failure of @entity3733 to inhibit their formation indicates a site-specific mechanism for DNA damage with involvement of DNA-bound metal ions. @entity8798 treatment of cells may increase the intracellular @entity68 ion concentration and/or cause oxidative stress releasing metal ions from their storage sites with subsequent binding to DNA. Identified DNA base lesions may be promutagenic and play a role in pathologic processes associated with @entity68 ions.

title: DNA base modifications and membrane damage in cultured @entity1 cells treated with XXXX ions.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian']

entities_list: @entity2627 :: ('MESH:D010545', 'Chemical') :: ['peroxides']

entities_list: @entity3733 :: ('MESH:D004121', 'Chemical') :: ['Dimethyl sulfoxide', 'dimethyl sulfoxide']

entities_list: @entity3787 :: ('MESH:D017665', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxyl']

answer: @entity68 :: (MESH:D007501,Chemical) :: ['iron']


abstract: Regulation of @entity1133 transporter UT-A1 in the kidney is important for the urinary concentrating mechanism. We previously reported that activation of the @entity268 /PKA pathway by @entity1928 (FSK) leads to UT-A1 ubiquitination, endocytosis, and degradation. In this study, we discovered that FSK-induced UT-A1 ubiquitination is monoubiquitination as judged by immunoblotting with specific ubiquitin antibodies to the different linkages of the ubiquitin chain. UT-A1 monoubiquitination induced by FSK was processed mainly on the cell plasma membrane. Monoubiquitination facilitates UT-A1 endocytosis, and internalized UT-A1 is accumulated in the early endosome. Inhibition of ubiquitination by E1 ubiquitin-activating enzyme inhibitor @entity60332 significantly reduced FSK-induced UT-A1 endocytosis and degradation. Interestingly, FSK-stimulated UT-A1 degradation occurs through a lysosomal protein degradation system. We further found that the PKA phosphorylation sites of UT-A1 at Ser486 and Ser499 are required for FSK-induced UT-A1 monoubiquitination. The physiological significance was confirmed using @entity35 kidney inner medullary collecting duct suspensions, which showed that @entity1951 treatment promotes UT-A1 ubiquitination. We conclude that unlike under basal conditions in which UT-A1 is subject to polyubiquitination and proteasome-mediated protein degradation, activation of UT-A1 by FSK induces UT-A1 monoubiquitination and protein lysosomal degradation.

title: Activation of the @entity268 /PKA pathway induces UT-A1 XXXX transporter monoubiquitination and targets it for lysosomal degradation.

entities_list: @entity1951 :: ('MESH:D014667', 'Chemical') :: ['vasopressin']

entities_list: @entity1928 :: ('MESH:D005576', 'Chemical') :: ['forskolin']

answer: @entity1133 :: (MESH:D014508,Chemical) :: ['urea']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Sub-dermal hormone implants, such as @entity2692 (LNG), are a safe and desirable form of long-acting contraception, but their use among @entity645 -positive women on antiretroviral therapy (ART) may be compromised given the potential for a cytochrome P450 3A-mediated drug-drug interaction. Our study aimed to characterize the pharmacokinetics of LNG released from a sub-dermal implant over six months in @entity645 -positive Ugandan @entity1 on @entity5198 ( @entity16333 )- or efavirenz (EFV)-based ART. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This non-randomized, parallel group study compared LNG pharmacokinetics between @entity645 -positive Ugandan @entity1 not yet eligible for ART (control group, n=18) and those on stable NVP- (n=20) or EFV- (n=20) based ART. The two-rod (75 mg/rod) LNG sub-dermal implant was inserted at study enrolment. LNG sampling was obtained pre-implant and at weeks 1, 4, 12 and 24 post-insertion. LNG concentrations were analyzed using a validated LC-MS/MS method, with an assay calibration range of 50-1500 pg/mL. Safety monitoring, including a pregnancy test, was conducted at each study visit. RESULTS: At enrolment, @entity1 had a mean age of 31 years; @entity404 + cell counts were similar between the control, NVP and EFV groups (758, 645 and 568 cells/mm(3), respectively; p=0.09); all @entity1 in the NVP and @entity14492 groups had an undetectable @entity645 -RNA. @entity1 in the control group had a higher baseline body weight (73 kg) compared to those in the NVP (63 kg; p=0.03) or EFV groups (60 kg; p<0.01). By linear regression, weight was a significant predictor of LNG concentrations (1 kg increase in weight=5 pg/mL decrease in LNG, p=0.03). LNG concentrations are reported in the table. CONCLUSIONS: Over a 24-week period, LNG concentrations were 40-54% lower in @entity1 on EFV-based ART, despite their having a significantly lower body weight, compared to those not on ART. In @entity1 on NVP-based ART, LNG concentrations were 32-39% higher than those observed in the control group, a difference partially explained by body weight. These data confirm a significant drug interaction occurs between the LNG implant and EFV, adding to growing concern for reduced contraceptive efficacy with their combined use. In contrast, these data support use of the LNG implant with NVP-based ART.

title: Efavirenz- but not XXXX -based antiretroviral therapy decreases exposure to the levonorgestrel released from a sub-dermal contraceptive implant.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'Women']

entities_list: @entity2692 :: ('MESH:D016912', 'Chemical') :: ['levonorgestrel']

entities_list: @entity5198 :: ('MESH:D019829', 'Chemical') :: ['nevirapine']

answer: @entity5198 :: (MESH:D019829,Chemical) :: ['nevirapine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recent anatomical brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies show a striking postpsychotic progressive @entity62 ( @entity62 ) in @entity1 with @entity19096 ( @entity19096 ), which appears greater than that seen for adult @entity1 . However, the diagnostic specificity and the relationship of these changes to drug treatment and cognitive functioning remain unclear. We performed a comparative prospective brain MRI study in @entity1 with @entity19096 and pediatric @entity1 with transient @entity716 with @entity146 ( @entity716 not otherwise specified) provisionally considered @entity73 ( @entity73 ). We hypothesized that cortical @entity62 would occur in @entity1 with @entity19096 but not in adolescents with atypical @entity914 . METHODS: Anatomical brain MRI was performed at baseline and follow-up in 19 @entity1 in the @entity73 group (mean [SD] age of 13.3 [3.1] years); in 23 @entity1 with @entity19096 matched for age, sex, IQ score, and drug treatment (mean [SD] age of 13.9 [2.5] years); and 38 healthy control subjects matched for age and sex (mean [SD] age of 13.3 [3.1] years). The mean (SD) follow-up was 2.5 (0.8) years. Volumes of the cerebrum and total and regional @entity62 were obtained by using automated analysis, and percent change in volume across time was calculated. One-way analyses of variance with post hoc Tukey Honestly Significantly Different comparisons were performed to examine group differences in the percent change in @entity62 across follow-up. RESULTS: The @entity19096 group had significantly greater total, frontal, temporal, and parietal @entity62 than did the @entity73 or healthy control groups; analysis of variance post hoc P values ranged from.03 to.001. The @entity73 and control groups did not differ significantly from each other. CONCLUSIONS: The cortical @entity62 volume loss in @entity19096 appears diagnostically specific; it was not seen in @entity1 and adolescents with @entity716 . Because both @entity1 groups had similar early developmental patterns, cognitive functioning, medications, and hospitalizations, this progressive loss appears to be intrinsic to @entity19096 . An ongoing neurodevelopmental process and/or brain response specific to the illness could account for these changes.

title: @entity62 in XXXX with that in childhood-onset atypical @entity914 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['behavior problems']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['multidimensionally impaired', 'MDI']

entities_list: @entity914 :: ('MESH:D011618', 'Disease') :: ['psychoses']

entities_list: @entity19096 :: ('MESH:D012561', 'Disease') :: ['COS', 'childhood-onset schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['atypical psychosis', 'psychosis']

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['GM loss', 'GM', 'loss of cortical gray matter']

answer: @entity19096 :: (MESH:D012561,Disease) :: ['childhood-onset schizophrenia']


abstract: Upon fasting, an increase in proteolysis occurs in @entity35 skeletal muscle and is associated with increased levels of ubiquitin-protein conjugates. As this suggests that formation of conjugates may be activated upon fasting, we studied the expression of the gene encoding the @entity62132 ). A cDNA encoding @entity35 @entity62132 ) was isolated and used to probe Northern blots of RNA from extensor digitorum longus muscles of fed, fasted, and refed @entity35 . Two mRNA transcripts of 1.2 and 1.8 kb were observed. Isolation and sequencing of a genomic clone determined that these transcripts arise from differential sites of polyadenylation. The 1.2-kb transcript increased threefold upon fasting at 2 days and returned to normal with refeeding. Northern analysis of RNA from various tissues of fed and fasted @entity35 showed that @entity62132 ) mRNA was expressed at high levels in testes, moderate levels in muscle, heart, and brain, but low levels in liver and kidney. Upon fasting, increases in mRNA levels were seen in muscle, heart, liver, and kidney. In vitro, in @entity35 L6 myotubes, insulin lowered levels of @entity62132 ) mRNA. Because E2s catalyze the first irreversible reaction in the pathway and @entity62132 ) gene expression appears to change in parallel with the changes in levels of ubiquitinated proteins and rates of proteolysis, conjugation mediated by this E2 may be a rate-limiting step in the pathway. This is the first demonstration of direct hormonal regulation of a gene in the ubiquitin system and argues strongly for a role of the ubiquitin system in the metabolic response to fasting in skeletal muscle.

title: 14-kDa ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme: structure of the XXXX gene and regulation upon fasting and by insulin.

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine whether maintenance antidepressant pharmacotherapy and interpersonal psychotherapy sustain gains in health-related quality of life (HR-QOL) achieved during short-term treatment in older @entity1 with @entity308 . DESIGN: After open combined treatment with @entity903 and interpersonal psychotherapy, responders were randomly assigned to a two ( @entity903 vs placebo) by two (monthly interpersonal psychotherapy vs clinical management) double-blind, placebo-controlled maintenance trial. HR-QOL outcomes were assessed over 1 year. SETTING: University-based clinic. @entity1 : Of the referred sample of 363 @entity1 aged 70 and older with @entity308 , 210 gave consent, and 195 started acute treatment; 116 met criteria for recovery, entered maintenance treatment, and were included in this analysis. INTERVENTIONS: @entity903 ; monthly manual-based interpersonal psychotherapy. MEASUREMENTS: Overall HR-QOL as measured using the Quality of Well-Being Scale (QWB) and six specific HR-QOL domains derived from the Medical Outcomes Study 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) subscales. RESULTS: All domains of HR-QOL except physical functioning improved with successful acute and continuation treatment. After controlling for any effects of psychotherapy, pharmacotherapy was superior to placebo in preserving overall well-being (P=.04, effect size (r)=0.23), social functioning (P=.02, r=0.27), and role limitations due to emotional problems (P=.007, r=0.30). Interpersonal psychotherapy (controlling for the effects of pharmacotherapy) did not preserve HR-QOL better than supportive clinical management. CONCLUSION: Maintenance antidepressant pharmacotherapy is superior to placebo in preserving improvements in overall well-being achieved with treatment response in late-life @entity308 . No such benefit was seen with interpersonal psychotherapy.

title: Maintenance treatment for old-age @entity308 preserves health-related quality of life: a randomized, controlled trial of XXXX and interpersonal psychotherapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression', 'major depression']

entities_list: @entity903 :: ('MESH:D017374', 'Chemical') :: ['Paroxetine', 'paroxetine']

answer: @entity903 :: (MESH:D017374,Chemical) :: ['paroxetine']


abstract: @entity11621 , in contrast to @entity2624 , can use @entity8687 as the sole @entity505 source. The genetic determinants for this capacity in @entity2491 include four genes, of which three, deoK, deoP, and deoX, constitute an operon. The fourth, deoQ, is transcribed in the opposite direction. The deoK gene encodes deoxyribokinase. In silico analyses indicated that deoP encodes a permease and deoQ encodes a regulatory protein of the deoR family. The deoX gene product showed no match to known proteins in the databases. Deletion analyses showed that both a functional deoP gene and a functional deoX gene were required for optimal utilization of @entity39531 . Using gene fusion technology, we observed that deoQ and the deoKPX operon were transcribed from divergent promoters located in the 324-bp intercistronic region between deoQ and deoK. The deoKPX promoter was 10-fold stronger than the deoQ promoter, and expression was negatively regulated by DeoQ as well as by DeoR, the repressor of the @entity37131 catabolism operon. Transcription of deoKPX but not of deoQ was regulated by catabolite repression. Primer extension analysis identified the transcriptional start points of both promoters and showed that induction by deoxyribose occurred at the level of transcription initiation. Gel retardation experiments with purified DeoQ illustrated that it binds independently to tandem operator sites within the deoQ and deoK promoter regions with K(d) values of 54 and 2.4 nM, respectively.

title: Regulation of expression of the @entity8687 utilization regulon, deoQKPX, from XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2491 :: ('90371', 'Species') :: ['S. enterica serovar Typhimurium']

entities_list: @entity11621 :: ('28901', 'Species') :: ['Salmonella enterica']

entities_list: @entity37131 :: ('CHEBI:18274', 'Chemical') :: ['deoxynucleoside']

entities_list: @entity8687 :: ('CHEBI:28816', 'Chemical') :: ['2-deoxy-D-ribose']

entities_list: @entity39531 :: ('MESH:D003855', 'Chemical') :: ['deoxyribose']

entities_list: @entity2624 :: ('83333', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli K12']

answer: @entity2491 :: (90371,Species) :: ['Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium']


abstract: BACKGROUND _ OBJECTIVE: Outbreaks of @entity3081 caused by @entity1838 O1 Ogawa occurred in and around Chandigarh during two successive year 2002 and 2003. This study highlights the antibiotic sensitivity and phage typing pattern of @entity1838 isolates during 2002 and 2003. METHODS: Faecal specimens from acute @entity1902 cases from July to September, 2002 and in the same month in 2003 were collected. Isolation and identification of pathogen was done according to standard methodology. Simultaneously water samples from the areas reporting the maximum number of @entity3081 cases were also processed. Antibiotic susceptibility pattern of the isolates was studied and isolates were sent to National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases (NICED), Kolkata for confirmation and phage typing. RESULTS: Of the 156 @entity1 in 2002 and 125 in 2003, 59 and 40 isolates respectively were found to be positive for @entity1838 O1 serotype Ogawa biotype El tor. Of the 45 water samples tested in 2002, eight were found to be positive for @entity1838 O1 serotype Ogawa biotype El tor. None of the 52 water samples tested in 2003 was found to be positive for @entity1838 . Phage type 27 was found to be the predominant type for both the years. Majority of the clinical isolates were found to be resistant to more than two drugs. INTERPRETATION _ CONCLUSION: The drug resistance in @entity1838 was on the rise during the subsequent outbreak. Phage 27 remained the predominant type in both the years. The major reason for the outbreak was traced to be contaminated water of the hand pumps in the affected area. Continuous surveillance of the outbreak is necessary to contain the spread of transmission.

title: Outbreak of XXXX in _ around Chandigarh during two successive years (2002, 2003).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1902 :: ('MESH:D005759', 'Disease') :: ['gastroenteritis']

entities_list: @entity1838 :: ('666', 'Species') :: ['V. cholerae', 'Vibrio cholerae']

answer: @entity3081 :: (MESH:D002771,Disease) :: ['cholera']