abstract: BACKGROUND: Myeloproliferative diseases - in particular essential thrombocythaemia (ET) - may be associated with increases in platelet count which put @entity1 at risk of life-threatening complications such as @entity715 and severe @entity548 . @entity1 AND METHODS: This multicentre post-marketing observational survey was conducted to assess the efficacy and safety of anagrelide under daily practice conditions in at-risk @entity1 with ET who received anagrelide for the first time. RESULTS: 198 @entity1 (median age of 64 years, range 19-88 years) were included, 61.1% of the @entity1 were @entity1 . The mean observation time was 6.2 +/- 1.7 months. Treatment with @entity18829 lowered the platelet counts by a median of 316 x 10(9)/l from a median of 797 x 10(9)/l at the beginning of the observation to 470 x 10(9)/l at the last observation (log rank test, p < 0.001). @entity66 were reduced during treatment compared to 6 months prior to treatment (transient ischaemic attacks from 1.5 to 0.5%; @entity715 from 7.6 to 0%). The number of @entity548 remained the same at 1.5%. Adverse events were documented in 46 @entity1 (23.2%). All observed adverse events were similar to those previously reported in clinical studies. CONCLUSION: Anagrelide was effective in lowering the platelet count and was also well tolerated when used in daily clinical practice.

title: XXXX for the treatment of thrombocythaemia in daily clinical practice: a post-marketing observational survey on efficacy and safety performed in Germany.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['Disease-related complications']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleedings']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thromboses']

entities_list: @entity18829 :: ('MESH:C021139', 'Chemical') :: ['anagrelide']

answer: @entity18829 :: (MESH:C021139,Chemical) :: ['Anagrelide']


abstract: PURPOSE: To assess prognostic factors for bladder relapse and distant failure following definitive radiotherapy for invasive @entity1606 ( @entity1606 ) of the bladder. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Retrospective review of @entity1 treated in the period 1977 to 1990 by definitive radiotherapy. The factors studied included age, sex, T stage, histological grade, @entity5 multiplicity, @entity1695 , total radiation dose, and use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The endpoints studied were bladder relapse and distant failure. RESULTS: There were 342 @entity1 with a mean follow-up time of 7.9 years. Bladder relapse was observed in 159 @entity1 . The overall actuarial bladder relapse rate at 5 years was 55% (SE = 3%). Prognostic factors for a higher bladder relapse rate were: @entity5 multiplicity (p < 0.001), presence of @entity1695 (p = 0.001), and higher T stage (p = 0.044). Distant failure occurred in 39 @entity1 . The overall actuarial distant failure rate at 5 years was 28% (SE = 3%). Prognostic factors for a higher distant failure rate were: @entity1695 (p = 0.003) and higher T stage (p = 0.030). CONCLUSION: In our study, @entity1 with invasive @entity150 fell into distinct prognostic groups determined by the three independent factors, @entity1695 , @entity5 multiplicity, and T stage. These factors provided estimated risks of bladder relapse by 5 years which ranged from 34% to 91%. Knowledge of these prognostic factors can help in the selection of @entity1 more suited for bladder preservation by definitive radiotherapy.

title: Analysis of failure following definitive radiotherapy for invasive XXXX of the bladder.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1695 :: ('MESH:D014517', 'Disease') :: ['ureteric obstruction']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder TCC']

entities_list: @entity1606 :: ('MESH:D002295', 'Disease') :: ['transitional cell carcinoma', 'TCC']

answer: @entity1606 :: (MESH:D002295,Disease) :: ['transitional cell carcinoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: High altitude @entity4 can be successfully treated and prevented by @entity460 channel blockers. Moreover, @entity460 entering in the cells could explain the congestive phenomena of @entity5754 ( @entity5754 ). These findings led us to study the action of a @entity460 channel blocker, @entity4768 , in the prevention of non-complicated @entity5754 . METHODS: In a double blind randomized study, 20 healthy volunteers received 5 mg of @entity4768 (n = 6) or placebo (n = 6) for 8 days. After 5 days of treatment in normoxia, the subjects were rapidly transported to an altitude of 4350 m. The efficiency of the treatment was then estimated by the @entity5754 symptom score, haemodynamic parameters and renal function. RESULTS: The administration of @entity4768 did not significantly modify @entity5754 symptom score nor most of other parameters measured in high altitude @entity519 . Heart rate was an average of 15 b/min lower in the @entity4768 group, probably because of a direct action of @entity4768 on the sinus node. Otherwise, the effects of @entity519 were similar in both groups and were in accordance with the literature. There was no clear explanation for the increase in cardiac output and @entity64 volume when the subjects moved from supine to standing position. Renal blood flow, measured by Doppler or @entity10945 clearance was not modified by @entity519 . Cerebral blood flow was elevated, due to the direct vasodilator effect of @entity519 . However this increase did not seem to be the main mechanism responsible for the congestive phenomena. On the other hand, the increase in capillary permeability (demonstrated by the increased transcapillary escape rate of albumin, and @entity633 ) appeared to play a major role in the pathogenesis of @entity5754 and high altitude @entity4 . @entity4768 had no protective effect on these phenomena and its use should be restricted to the treatment of high altitude @entity4 .

title: [Cardiovascular effects of a @entity460 channel blocker in XXXX caused by altitude].

entities_list: @entity10945 :: ('MESH:D010130', 'Chemical') :: ['para-aminohippuric acid']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral oedema', 'pulmonary oedema']

entities_list: @entity633 :: ('MESH:D000419', 'Disease') :: ['albuminuria']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity5754 :: ('MESH:D000532', 'Disease') :: ['acute mountain sickness', 'AMS']

entities_list: @entity4768 :: ('MESH:D017275', 'Chemical') :: ['isradipine', 'Isradipine']

answer: @entity519 :: (MESH:D000860,Disease) :: ['hypoxia']


abstract: PURPOSE: To assess emergency ultrasonography (US) for detection of bowel and @entity130 from blunt @entity130 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: For 3 years, prospective data on all @entity1 undergoing emergency US were recorded. @entity1 with bowel and @entity130 were identified, and physical examination, laboratory, computed tomographic (CT), and intraoperative findings were compared with prospective data. RESULTS: From January 1995 to January 1998, emergency US was performed in 1,686 @entity1 ; 71 @entity1 had bowel and @entity130 . Forty-one examinations were true-positive (i.e., with free fluid), and 30 were false-negative. Twenty-five of the 41 @entity1 with true-positive US results had concomitant injuries that may have accounted for the free fluid, including liver, spleen, pancreas, gallbladder, kidney, and/or @entity1494 . The remaining 16 @entity1 had isolated bowel and @entity130 . Bowel and mesenteric damage was identified intraoperatively in 70 @entity1 . Twenty-nine of 30 @entity1 with false-negative US examinations had abdominal tenderness. Sixteen @entity1 with false-negative US results had bowel and @entity130 that was detected 12 or more hours after initial scanning. CONCLUSION: Free fluid in the abdomen is not detected in the majority of @entity1 with isolated bowel and @entity130 . For clinical suspicion of bowel and @entity130 , observation, serial physical abdominal examination, and CT may be helpful in diagnosing this condition.

title: Bowel and XXXX : evaluation with emergency abdominal US.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bladder injuries']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['trauma', 'mesenteric injury']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['mesenteric injury']


abstract: From July 1975 to December 1982, 358 @entity1 were referred to the Surgery Branch of the National @entity5 Institute (NCI) with the diagnosis of soft tissue sarcoma of the extremities. Two hundred eleven of these @entity1 presented with resectable, localized high-grade soft-tissue @entity242 and have been included in the present analysis of the management and outcome of @entity1 with high-grade soft tissue @entity242 of the extremity treated at the NCI. One hundred forty-seven of these 211 @entity1 have been included in randomized prospective trials. The remaining 64 @entity1 in this analysis have been followed at the NCI, but were not included in randomized trials because of @entity1 refusal or ineligibility. @entity5 size was identified as a highly significant prognostic variable for disease-free and overall survival (P2 = 0.00001 and 0.0081, respectively). @entity5 site, histologic type, and microscopic margins of resection were not significant prognostic variables. There was no difference between @entity1 undergoing amputation compared to those undergoing limb-sparing procedures plus postoperative radiotherapy in disease-free or overall survival for all 211 @entity1 in this study (P2 = 0.068 and 0.131, respectively). A significantly greater frequency of local failure among @entity1 treated by local excision was noted compared to @entity1 undergoing amputation (12/128 versus 0/83, P2 = 0.004), but this did not result in decreased overall survival in @entity1 undergoing combined modality limb-sparing procedures. Adjuvant chemotherapy significantly prolonged disease-free survival (P2 = 0.005) for the 124/211 @entity1 treated with adjuvant chemotherapy, although analysis of overall survival did not reveal a significant increase (P2 = 0.10). In a subset of 65 @entity1 included in a prospective randomized trial evaluating the efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy, a significant improvement in both disease-free (P2 = 0.033) and overall (P2 = 0.055) survival was seen in @entity1 receiving chemotherapy. Sixty-five @entity1 developed recurrent disease (65/211, 31%) and 42 of these @entity1 were rendered disease-free surgically. Survival from the time of first recurrence was significantly prolonged among the 42 @entity1 who were rendered disease-free (median survival, 31 months) compared to those who were not (median survival, 9 months, P2 less than 0.001).

title: High-grade soft tissue XXXX of the extremities.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Tumor', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity242 :: ('MESH:D012509', 'Disease') :: ['sarcomas']

answer: @entity242 :: (MESH:D012509,Disease) :: ['sarcomas']


abstract: H5N1 highly pathogenic avian @entity683 virus (HPAIV) causes periodic outbreaks in @entity1 , resulting in severe @entity281 with a high (60%) incidence of mortality. The circulating strains have low @entity1 -to- @entity1 transmissibility; however, widespread concerns exist that enhanced transmission due to mutations could lead to a global pandemic. We previously engineered @entity7467 virus (NDV), an avian paramyxovirus, as a vector to express the HPAIV hemagglutinin (HA) protein, and we showed that this vaccine (NDV/HA) induced a high level of HPAIV-specific mucosal and serum antibodies in primates when administered through the respiratory tract. Here we developed additional NDV-vectored vaccines expressing either @entity778 in which the polybasic cleavage site was replaced with that from a low-pathogenicity strain of @entity683 virus [HA(RV)], in order to address concerns of enhanced vector replication or genetic exchange, or HPAIV @entity689 (NA). The three vaccine viruses [NDV/HA, NDV/HA(RV), and NDV/NA] were administered separately to groups of @entity3176 by the intranasal/intratracheal route. An additional group of animals received NDV/HA by aerosol administration. Each of the vaccine constructs was highly restricted for replication, with only low levels of virus shedding detected in respiratory secretions. All groups developed high levels of neutralizing antibodies against homologous and heterologous strains of HPAIV and were protected against challenge with 2 x 10(7) PFU of homologous HPAIV. Thus, needle-free, highly attenuated NDV-vectored vaccines expressing either @entity778 , HA(RV), or NA have been developed and demonstrated to be individually immunogenic and protective in a primate model of @entity778 . The finding that HA(RV) was protective indicates that it would be preferred for inclusion in a vaccine. The study also identified NA as an independent protective HPAIV antigen in primates. Furthermore, we demonstrated the feasibility of aerosol delivery of NDV-vectored vaccines.

title: XXXX virus-vectored vaccines expressing the hemagglutinin or @entity689 protein of H5N1 highly pathogenic avian @entity683 virus protect against virus challenge in monkeys.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human']

entities_list: @entity778 :: ('MESH:D015658', 'Disease') :: ['HPAIV infection', 'HPAIV HA']

entities_list: @entity7467 :: ('MESH:D009521', 'Disease') :: ['Newcastle disease']

entities_list: @entity689 :: ('4758', 'Gene') :: ['neuraminidase']

entities_list: @entity683 :: ('MESH:D007251', 'Disease') :: ['influenza']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity3176 :: ('9534', 'Species') :: ['African green monkeys']

answer: @entity7467 :: (MESH:D009521,Disease) :: ['Newcastle disease']


abstract: In order to clarify the pathophysiology of @entity2806 and to make a useful method for the prediction of fate of the @entity63 bowel, we devised an experimental model to produce the disorder. Microbarium of 0.5 micrometer in diameter was injected into a branch of the superior mesenteric artery of adult mongrel @entity235 . The severity of the @entity2806 depended on the amount of microbarium injected, and lesions could be classified into three types; transient, stricturing and gangrenous, similar to clinical cases. Endoscopic examination was performed, accompanied with fluorescence endoscopy. @entity941 could not be observed in all types soon after microbarium injection. In the transient type, @entity941 was observed after only a few days in an evenly distributed pattern. However in the stricturing type, the appearance of @entity941 was delayed, and an irregular pattern was observed in about 1 week. The submucosal blood flow was measured by @entity3884 clearance method. The fluorescence endoscopic findings were nearly compatible with changes of submucosal blood flow. Fluorescence endoscopy is easily performed and appears to be highly useful in the differentiation of these three types of @entity63 in the early stages.

title: [An experimental endoscopic study on @entity2806 in XXXX with special reference to fluorescence endoscopy].

entities_list: @entity3884 :: ('MESH:D006859', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrogen']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic lesions', 'intestinal ischemic lesions']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia', 'ischemic']

entities_list: @entity941 :: ('MESH:D019793', 'Chemical') :: ['Fluorescein', 'fluorescein']

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['dogs']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the feasibility of a single-visit cervical @entity5 screening and intervention program. METHODS: A sample of asymptomatic, nonpregnant, indigent, adult @entity1 who had not had a Papanicolaou smear for at least 2 years (N = 126) was recruited through Spanish-language media in Orange County, California. @entity1 who volunteered underwent a free, single-visit program combining a health questionnaire, education, an immediately read Papanicolaou smear, loop electrosurgical excision of the transformation zone for those with @entity6349 cytology, and an exit questionnaire gauging satisfaction and educational impact. Main outcome measures included the frequency of cervical @entity5 risk factors and barriers to health care, incidence of cervical @entity5 , feasibility, short-term educational impact, and acceptability of interventions. RESULTS: All 126 @entity1 had at least one cervical @entity5 risk factor; 101 (80.2%) reported at least one barrier to health care. One hundred sixteen (92.1%) had a normal Papanicolaou smear, and three (2.4%) with a mildly atypical smear were referred for colposcopy. Seven (5.6%) @entity1 had a @entity6349 smear and underwent same-day loop electrosurgical excision of the transformation zone without complication, with histology revealing koilocytotic atypia (two @entity1 ), @entity3146 ( @entity3146 ) I (two), @entity3146 (two), and @entity3146 (one). No case of invasive @entity2622 was identified. The mean time from performance of Papanicolaou smear to receipt of cytologic results was 2.2 hours, and the mean total visit time was 3.6 hours. @entity1 found the single-visit program to be both beneficial and satisfying. CONCLUSION: This single-visit program is feasible and may overcome barriers to the diagnosis and management of cervical @entity5 in @entity1 at high risk.

title: Single-visit program for cervical XXXX prevention in a high-risk population.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'Women']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'neoplasia']

entities_list: @entity2622 :: ('MESH:D002583', 'Disease') :: ['cervical carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity6349 :: ('MESH:D004416', 'Disease') :: ['dysplastic']

entities_list: @entity3146 :: ('MESH:D018290', 'Disease') :: ['cervical intraepithelial neoplasia', 'CIN II', 'CIN III', 'CIN']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: The M genome segment of @entity16363 was molecularly cloned and the @entity377 sequence of cDNA was determined. The virion RNA is 3616 bases long with 3'- and 5'-terminal @entity377 sequences complementary for 18 bases. A single long open reading frame in the viral complementary-sense RNA had the potential to encode 1135 @entity1522 or a polypeptide of 126,000 Da. @entity1472 -terminal sequences of isolated @entity2818 envelope glycoproteins were determined, revealing a gene order with respect to message sense RNA of 5'-G1-G2-3'. Mature G1 begins 18 @entity1522 beyond the first AUG of the open reading frame, preceded by a short, hydrophobic leader sequence. G2 begins at the 649th @entity535 of the open reading frame and also follows a hydrophobic sequence. Carboxy termini of @entity2818 were localized and gene order was verified by immune precipitation of Hantaan proteins with antisera to synthetic peptides generated by using @entity535 sequences derived from the cDNA sequence. The antipeptide sera were also reactive by immunoblotting with @entity214 -denatured @entity2818 . Molecular weights of 64,000 and 53,700 were calculated for the @entity2818 glycoproteins, respectively, from their predicted @entity535 sequences. Five potential @entity2734 -linked glycosylation sites were contained within the G1 @entity535 sequence and two within the G2 sequence. These data are consistent with our previous estimates of the molecular weights and extent of glycosylation of the Hantaan envelope glycoproteins.

title: XXXX M RNA: coding strategy, @entity377 sequence, and gene order.

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity377 :: ('CHEBI:36976', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotide']

entities_list: @entity2734 :: ('CHEBI:17196', 'Chemical') :: ['asparagine']

answer: @entity16363 :: (11599,Species) :: ['Hantaan virus']


abstract: It is well established that auditory cueing improves gait in @entity1 with @entity191 ( @entity191 ). Disease-related reductions in speed and step length can be improved by providing rhythmical auditory cues via a metronome or music. However, effects on cognitive aspects of motor control have yet to be thoroughly investigated. If synchronization of movement to an auditory cue relies on a supramodal timing system involved in perceptual, motor, and sensorimotor integration, auditory cueing can be expected to affect both motor and perceptual timing. Here, we tested this hypothesis by assessing perceptual and motor timing in 15 @entity191 @entity1 before and after a 4-week music training program with rhythmic auditory cueing. Long-term effects were assessed 1   month after the end of the training. Perceptual and motor timing was evaluated with a battery for the assessment of auditory sensorimotor and timing abilities and compared to that of age-, gender-, and education-matched healthy controls. Prior to training, @entity191 @entity1 exhibited impaired perceptual and motor timing. Training improved @entity1 ' performance in tasks requiring synchronization with isochronous sequences, and enhanced their ability to adapt to durational changes in a sequence in hand tapping tasks. Benefits of cueing extended to time perception (duration discrimination and detection of misaligned beats in musical excerpts). The current results demonstrate that auditory cueing leads to benefits beyond gait and support the idea that coupling gait to rhythmic auditory cues in @entity191 @entity1 relies on a neuronal network engaged in both perceptual and motor timing.

title: Musically cued gait-training improves both perceptual and motor timing in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["idiopathic Parkinson's disease", 'IPD']

answer: @entity191 :: (MESH:D010300,Disease) :: ['Parkinson's disease']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The outcome of severe @entity6477 is unfavorable. In particular, @entity1 with levels of consciousness of Glasgow @entity772 Scale(GCS)3 or 4 tend to be refractory to treatment. Decompressive craniotomy should be promptly performed to remove @entity1410 . However, if an operating room is not immediately available, emergency burr hole surgery is sometimes performed in the emergency room(primary care room)prior to craniotomy. A previous study has reported that the interval from injury to surgery influences the outcome of severe @entity6477 . Therefore, emergency decompression is important to effectively treat @entity1 with severe @entity6477 . We present the cases of two @entity1 with @entity6477 . In both cases, emergency decompressive craniotomy( @entity1410 removal after craniotomy and external decompression)was performed in the emergency room of the Emergency and Critical Care Center. In both cases, the surgery was followed by favorable outcomes. Case 1 was a 36-year-old female. The @entity1 's level of consciousness upon arrival was GCS 3. The interval from injury to diagnosis on the basis of CT findings was 75 minutes. Surgery began 20 minutes after diagnosis. Case 2 was a 25-year-old male. The second @entity1 's level of consciousness upon arrival was GCS 4. The interval from injury to diagnosis on the basis of CT findings was 60 minutes. Surgery was begun 40 minutes after diagnosis. In both @entity1 , we observed anisocoria and the loss of the light reflex. However, the postoperative course was favorable, and both @entity1 were discharged. In summary, to treat severe @entity6477 , early emergency decompressive craniotomy is optimal. Emergency decompressive surgery in the emergency room is independent of operating room or staff. Therefore, emergency decompressive craniotomy may improve the outcome of @entity1 with severe @entity6477 .

title: [Emergency Decompressive Craniotomy in the Emergency Room was Effective in Severe XXXX Treatment:Two Case Reports].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity6477 :: ('MESH:D020199', 'Disease') :: ['acute subdural hematoma', 'acute subdural hematomas']

answer: @entity6477 :: (MESH:D020199,Disease) :: ['Acute Subdural Hematoma']


abstract: Previous work indicated that endothelin (ET) may be involved in the pathogenesis of @entity741 , although the relative importance of the ET receptor subtypes is presently not clear. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of myocardial @entity10932 receptors in mediating @entity63 /reperfusion damage in isolated @entity35 hearts. Saturation binding analyses were conducted with [125I] @entity1827 and [125I] @entity13071 to assess changes in @entity11081 and @entity10932 receptor binding. Total ET receptor density (Bmax) was greater in atrial versus ventricular tissue. @entity11081 Bmax was 8 to 10-fold greater than @entity10932 Bmax. In @entity63 and @entity63 /reperfused atrial tissue neither the equilibrium dissociation constant (Kd) nor Bmax for @entity10932 receptors was changed. The @entity10932 receptor Kd in @entity63 or @entity63 /reperfused ventricular tissue was also unchanged. In @entity63 ventricular tissue there was a trend towards an increased @entity10932 Bmax, which was accentuated after @entity63 /reperfusion. No changes were found in @entity11081 Bmax or Kd in @entity63 ventricular or atrial tissue. The physiological importance of this receptor subtype in @entity63 was determined using the selective @entity10932 agonist, sarafotoxin S6c. In non- @entity63 tissue no effect on coronary flow or function were observed with sarafotoxin S6c. Furthermore, no changes were seen in @entity63 time to contracture or any of the reperfusion indexes of @entity296 . The sarafotoxin S6c utilized was active as it inhibited [125I] @entity1826 binding to @entity10932 receptors (Ki = 0.1 nM). Thus, the pro- @entity63 effect of @entity1827 seems to be mediated by @entity11081 receptors. @entity10932 receptors do not appear to play a role in the pathogenesis of @entity741 .

title: Role of @entity10932 ( XXXX ) in @entity741 .

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial damage']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic myocardium', 'ischemia', 'ischemic']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial ischemia']

answer: @entity10932 :: (50672(Tax:10116),Gene) :: ['ET-B']


abstract: BACKGROUND: On November 13, 2015, Paris and Saint-Denis were the targets of terrorist attacks. The Public Hospitals of Paris Organization and the Percy Armed Forces Instruction Hospitals were mobilized to face the mass casualty situation. The objective of this study is to analyze the management of the victims presenting with a nonthoracic vascular @entity130 (NTVT). METHODS: All the data relating to the victims of NTVT who required a specific vascular open or endovascular treatment were analyzed retrospectively. A 6-month follow-up was obtained for all the @entity1 . RESULTS: Among the 351 wounded, 20 (5.7%) @entity1 had an NTVT and were dispatched in 8 hospitals (11 @entity1 of average age 32). NTVTs were gunshots in 17 cases (85%) or due to a handmade bomb in 3 cases (15%). Twelve @entity1 (60%) received cardiopulmonary resuscitation during prehospital care. NTVT affected the limbs (14 cases, 70%) and the abdomen or the small pelvis (6 cases, 30%). All the @entity1 were operated in emergency. @entity455 were treated with greater saphenous vein bypasses, by ligation, and/or embolization. @entity455 were treated by direct repair or ligation. @entity66 requiring a specific treatment were present in 19 @entity1 (95%) and were primarily osseous, nervous, and abdomino-pelvic. @entity260 were observed in 9 @entity1 (45%). Fourteen @entity1 (70%) required blood transfusion (6.4 U of packed red blood cells on average, range 0-48). There were no deaths or amputation and all vascular reconstructions were patent at 6 months. CONCLUSIONS: The effectiveness of the prehospital emergency services and a multisite and multidisciplinary management made it possible to obtain satisfactory results for NTVT casualties. All the departments of vascular surgery must be prepared to receive many wounded victims in the event of terrorist attacks.

title: Management of Vascular XXXX during the Paris Terrorist Attack of November 13, 2015.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['Arterial lesions', 'Eleven venous lesions']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['Associated lesions']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['Severe postoperative complications']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['Trauma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Elevated @entity3876 ( @entity3876 ) levels are predictive of @entity65 in @entity1 on chronic maintenance haemodialysis, even in those without apparent @entity65 when they start dialysis. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that @entity1002 increases @entity3876 levels and can predict @entity65 in @entity1 on chronic haemodialysis without apparent @entity299 . METHODS: @entity1 on chronic maintenance haemodialysis in a stable condition and with normal systolic function were enrolled (n=98). @entity3876 concentrations were measured, and left ventricular diastolic function was assessed using echocardiography after the first dialysis session of the week. Then, they were followed up for 2 years with the end point being the incidence of @entity65 . RESULTS: At baseline, @entity1002 was detected in 39 of 98 @entity1 . After adjustment for known risk factors, multivariable regression analysis demonstrated that @entity67 was a significant predictor of increased @entity3876 levels (P<0.05). During the follow-up period, 17 @entity1 experienced @entity65 . Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that the incidence of @entity65 was higher in @entity1 with (28.2%) than without (10.2%) @entity1002 (log-rank, P<0.01). Univariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis indicated that @entity67 and @entity3876 were significant predictors of @entity65 (hazard ratio 3.63 and 4.87, respectively; P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1002 is associated with increased @entity3876 levels and an increased risk of @entity65 in @entity1 on haemodialysis.

title: @entity3876 levels and cardiovascular risk in @entity1 with XXXX on chronic haemodialysis: cross-sectional and observational studies.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3876 :: ('4879', 'Gene') :: ['BNP', 'B-type natriuretic peptide']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac disease']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['diastolic dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disorders', 'cardiovascular events']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction', 'left ventricular diastolic dysfunction']

answer: @entity67 :: (MESH:D018754,Disease) :: ['diastolic dysfunction']


abstract: The combined use of several histological procedures (i.e. conventional light microscopy, immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy) among 45 unselected @entity977 demonstrated the existence of 9 @entity5 (20%) containing several identifiable adenohypophyseal cell types. The cellular associations were between 2 or 3 identifiable cell types. @entity5 were the most frequent but not the only mixed type (somatomammocorticotrophic, @entity5 were also found). The cellular components varied in size but the cells appeared randomly distributed in the @entity5 . In all the @entity652 there was an unidentified cell component (no reactivity with antisera used) varying from sparse to numerous elements. On adjacent sections the adenomatous cells reacted with a single specific antiserum, but in two cases the immunohistochemistry on contiguous paraffin embedded sections did not confirm this with certainty. These results confirm those of others and a new term is proposed to designate these @entity5 : heterogeneous @entity977 . According to the nature and the proportions of the cell components the heterogeneous @entity652 were subdivided into two groups: a group A which comprised @entity652 formed by a major identifiable cellular type associated with one or two other less frequent cell types, and a group B formed by a predominant unidentifiable (no reactivity with immunochemical stainings) cell type associated with one or two other identified cell types. The present morphofunctional classifications of @entity977 should be modified to include homogeneous @entity652 with a single cell type and heterogeneous @entity652 with several cell types.

title: XXXX . A light microscopic, immunohistochemical and electron microscopic study.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors', 'somatocorticotrophic tumors', 'tumours', 'Mammosomatotrophic tumors']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['adenomas']

entities_list: @entity977 :: ('MESH:D010911', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary adenomas']

answer: @entity977 :: (MESH:D010911,Disease) :: ['Heterogeneous pituitary adenomas']


abstract: The intensified anthropogenic release of @entity6442 ( @entity9104 ) has been proven to have hepatotoxic effects. However, the potential mechanism for @entity9104 -induced @entity137 has rarely been investigated. Our research implicated that @entity9104 induced a significantly dose-dependent increase in reactive @entity26 species (ROS) in HL-7702 @entity1 liver cells. Moreover, oxidative stress-related DNA damage, marked as @entity20821 , was increased 1.5-fold at 100   mmol   l(-1) . The most severe DNA lesion (double-strand break, DSB), measured as the formation of yH2AX foci, was increased at/above 6.4   mmol   l(-1) , and approximately 50% of cells underwent DSB at the peak induction. Subsequently, the DNA repair system triggered by molecules of @entity15125 and @entity15124 induced the homologous recombination (HR) pathway by upregulation of both gene and protein levels of @entity15125 , @entity6545 , @entity20822 and @entity20823 at 16   mmol   l(-1) and was attenuated at 40   mmol   l(-1) . Consequently, cellular death observed at 40   mmol   l(-1) was exaggerated compared with exposure at 16   mmol   l(-1) . Although the exact mechanism relying on the @entity9104 -induced hepatotoxicity needs further clarification, oxidative stress and DNA damage involved in DSBs partially explain the reason for @entity9104 -induced @entity99 . Oxidative stress-induced DNA damage should be first considered during risk assessment on liver-targeted chemicals. Copyright    2015 John Wiley _ Sons, Ltd.

title: Oxidative stress-related DNA damage and homologous recombination repairing induced by XXXX .

entities_list: @entity20821 :: ('MESH:C067134', 'Chemical') :: ["8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine"]

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity6442 :: ('MESH:D004126', 'Chemical') :: ['N,N-dimethylformamide']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['liver injury']

answer: @entity6442 :: (MESH:D004126,Chemical) :: ['N,N-dimethylformamide']


abstract: An early @entity882 was observed in CBA @entity19 during @entity697 with @entity2637 . This was associated with an increase in bone marrow megakaryocytes and a reduction of normal syngeneic 111Indium-labelled platelet life span. @entity311 -induced @entity882 was thus considered to be the result of increased peripheral @entity1423 rather than central hypoproduction. The occurrence of @entity882 was modulated by T-cell depletion. Indeed, thymectomized, irradiated or anti- @entity1961 monoclonal antibody-treated @entity19 failed to develop @entity882 , although they were infected to the same extent. Conversely, a significant @entity882 was observed in thymectomized @entity19 reconstituted with @entity1961 + T cells. During the course of @entity281 , a significant inverse correlation was found between platelet counts and platelet-associated IgG. Normal @entity19 passively transferred with serum from syngeneic @entity311 -infected @entity19 developed @entity882 . The possibility to raise monoclonal anti-platelet antibodies from @entity2637 -infected animals further suggested a role for an antibody-mediated @entity1423 during acute @entity19 @entity281 . These results indicate that in @entity19 @entity311 , @entity882 is mediated by immune mechanisms and that @entity1961 + T cells might be significantly involved.

title: Immunopathology of XXXX in experimental @entity311 .

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute infection']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity1423 :: ('MESH:D001791', 'Disease') :: ['platelet destruction']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection', 'malaria infection']

entities_list: @entity311 :: ('MESH:D008288', 'Disease') :: ['Malaria', 'malaria']

entities_list: @entity2637 :: ('5821', 'Species') :: ['Plasmodium berghei', 'P. berghei']

answer: @entity882 :: (MESH:D013921,Disease) :: ['thrombocytopenia']


abstract: PURPOSE: We evaluated the impact of @entity703 size on the oncologic and surgical efficacy of laparoscopic renal cryosurgery (LRC) according to our intermediate-term experience in Korea. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From June 2005 to October 2008, we enrolled 37 @entity1 who underwent LRC for 40 @entity703 . @entity1 were stratified into four groups according to @entity703 size. @entity1 who presented with a maximum @entity5 diameter (MTD) of at least 1 cm but less than 2 cm were assigned to Group 1, those with an MTD equal to or greater than 2 but less than 3 cm were assigned to Group 2, those with an MTD equal to or greater than 3 but less than 4 cm were assigned to Group 3, and those with an MTD equal to or greater than 4 cm were assigned to Group 4. Oncologic and clinical outcomes in each group were compared. RESULTS: The four groups showed no statistically significant differences in preoperative variables, including age, sex, body mass index, American Society of Anesthesiologists scores, baseline renal function and hemoglobin, and length of hospital stay. Regarding surgical aspects, however, operation time, estimated @entity190 , and @entity260 were significantly increased in @entity1 with @entity5 . Three @entity1 in Group 3 required postoperative transfusions, and 1 @entity1 in Group 4 required conversion to open renal cryosurgery. During the mean follow-up period of 31.6 months, radiologic evidence of @entity5 recurrence was found in only 2 @entity1 in Group 4. CONCLUSIONS: In this series, LRC for @entity703 smaller than 3 cm was conducted safely without radiologic evidence of @entity5 recurrence during intermediate-term follow-up. For @entity5 larger than 3 cm, however, the transfusion rate increased, and for @entity703 larger than 4 cm, the @entity5 recurrence rate increased significantly.

title: The impact of XXXX size on the efficacy of laparoscopic renal cryoablation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'larger tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity703 :: ('MESH:D007680', 'Disease') :: ['renal tumor', 'renal tumors']

answer: @entity703 :: (MESH:D007680,Disease) :: ['renal tumor']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity2490 and @entity565 usually occur together. There are increasing evidences that @entity2023 ( @entity2023 ) may influence the clinical course of @entity565 . The aim of this study is to evaluate clinical parameters and therapeutic response in @entity1 with between @entity565 and @entity565 with @entity2023 . METHODS: Four-hundred eighty-five @entity1 with @entity565 and 428 asthmatics with @entity2023 , who had lesser than 50 years old and smoked less than 10 pack-years were recruited. We compared FEV1 and FEV1/FVC following bronchodilator, @entity402 , IgE, @entity2415 on HRCT, and @entity117 intolerance between two groups. Also we compared physiologic fixed @entity1224 defined using FEV1/FVC and FEV1 less than 75% following anti-asthmatic drug for 1 year. RESULTS: 46.8% (428/913) asthmatics suffered from @entity2023 . There were no differences of total IgE, body mass index, PC20, sputum eosinophils and @entity2415 on HRCT between two groups. The age in asthmatics was higher than that in those with @entity2023 . FEV1/FVC was lower in asthmatics than in those with @entity2023 . The prevalence of @entity402 was higher in asthmatics with @entity2023 than in asthmatics. @entity117 intolerance was higher in asthmatics with @entity2023 than in asthmatics (42/218 vs 13/109, P=0.001). Fixed @entity1224 were more observed in asthmatics than in those with @entity2023 (39/319 vs 28/355, P=0.001) after anti-asthmatic drug for 1 year. CONCLUSIONS: Asthmatics with @entity2023 had more @entity402 and @entity117 intolerance than asthmatics, and asthmatics had poor response to anti-inflammatory drugs than those with concurrent @entity2490 , indicating that asthmatics have more fixed @entity1224 than those with concurrent @entity2490 .

title: Asthmatics without @entity2490 have more fixed @entity1224 than those with concurrent XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2023 :: ('MESH:D006255', 'Disease') :: ['AR', 'allergic rhinitis']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['Aspirin', 'aspirin']

entities_list: @entity2490 :: ('MESH:D012220', 'Disease') :: ['rhinitis', 'Rhinitis']

entities_list: @entity2415 :: ('MESH:D004646', 'Disease') :: ['emphysema']

entities_list: @entity1224 :: ('MESH:D000402', 'Disease') :: ['airway obstruction']

answer: @entity2490 :: (MESH:D012220,Disease) :: ['rhinitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recent and previous studies have shown that @entity840 can be infected with, and transmit, @entity1 @entity683 viruses. Therefore @entity840 may be a useful animal model for better understanding @entity281 and assessing vaccine strategies. To more fully characterize the model, antibody responses following either @entity281 with @entity1 @entity683 A/Wyoming/03/2003 H3N2 or immunization with its homologous recombinant @entity11230 (HA) protein were studied. RESULTS: Serological samples were collected and tested for anti-HA immunoglobulin by ELISA, antiviral antibodies by hemagglutination inhibition (HI), and recognition of linear epitopes by peptide scanning (PepScan). Animals inoculated with infectious virus demonstrated pronounced viral replication and subsequent serological conversion. Animals either immunized with the homologous HA antigen or infected, showed a relatively rapid rise in antibody titers to the HA glycoprotein in ELISA assays. Antiviral antibodies, measured by HI assay, were detectable after the second inoculation. PepScan data identified both previously recognized and newly defined linear epitopes. CONCLUSIONS: Infection and/or recombinant HA immunization of @entity840 with H3N2 Wyoming @entity683 virus resulted in a relatively rapid production of viral-specific antibody thus demonstrating the strong immunogenicity of the major viral structural proteins in this animal model for @entity281 . The sensitivity of the immune response supports the utility of the @entity840 as a useful animal model of @entity281 and immunization.

title: Serological characterization of @entity840 infected with H3N2 XXXX @entity683 or immunized with hemagglutinin protein.

entities_list: @entity840 :: ('10141', 'Species') :: ['guinea pigs', 'guinea pig']

entities_list: @entity683 :: ('MESH:D007251', 'Disease') :: ['influenza']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['influenza infection', 'infection/re-infection']

entities_list: @entity11230 :: ('MESH:D006388', 'Chemical') :: ['hemagglutinin']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: @entity14 ( @entity14 ), also termed @entity4309 , may account for as much as 10-15 percent of the total colorectal burden. @entity4309 I is characterized by site-specific @entity14 ( @entity14 ) with early (congruent to age 45) onset, predilection to the proximal colon (congruent to 70%), and a marked susceptibility to metachronous @entity14 (45% following hemicolectomy or segmental resection). @entity4309 II shows the same colonic features but includes an @entity694 of the endometrium, ovary, small bowel, stomach, @entity1358 . These findings form the basis for our surveillance recommendations: full colonoscopy initiated at age 25 and repeated every other year, and, in @entity4309 II variant, biannual endometrial aspiration biopsy. Screening for the remaining @entity5 types is dependent upon the availability of screening modalities and the pattern of @entity5 expression within specific families. The excess of metachronous @entity14 mandates that subtotal colectomy be performed for any @entity14 . The lack of premonitory physical stigmata has forced clinicians to diagnose @entity14 based on the family history in concert with the natural history features of the @entity5 phenotype within the pedigree. Problems with this approach include variable gene penetrance, the fact that @entity5 affected may or may not be gene carriers, @entity204 of gene carriers prior to developing @entity5 , and difficulty with pathology verification of @entity5 site and type. Partial resolution of these problems is possible now that @entity14 has been linked to chromosomes 2p and 3p and the susceptibility gene at chromosome 2p has been cloned.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Genetics, natural history, surveillance, management, and gene mapping in the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity4309 :: ('MESH:D003123', 'Disease') :: ['Lynch syndrome']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['pancreas and transitional cell carcinoma of the ureter and renal pelvis']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['HNPCC', 'CRC', 'Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer', 'colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['excess of extra-colonic CRCs, namely carcinoma']

answer: @entity4309 :: (MESH:D003123,Disease) :: ['Lynch syndrome']


abstract: EVALUATION OF: Schulman S, Kearon C, Kakkar AK et al. @entity3926 versus @entity1229 in the treatment of @entity1211 . N. Engl. J. Med. 361, 2342-2352 (2009). @entity1211 ( @entity1211 ) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The need for anticoagulation therapy is well recognized, but treatment is frequently suboptimal owing to limitations of current agents. The RE-COVER trial compared 150 mg twice-daily @entity14534 (herafter referred to as @entity3926 ) with @entity1229 for 6 months in @entity1 with acute @entity1211 ; @entity3926 was as effective as @entity1229 in preventing recurrent @entity1211 , with comparable major @entity548 and significantly lower total @entity548 rates. The Randomized Evaluation of Long-Term Anticoagulant Therapy (RE-LY) trial on @entity64 prevention in @entity1 with @entity955 has also been completed recently, and @entity3926 at higher doses showed superior efficacy in preventing @entity64 , with lower @entity548 than @entity1229 . @entity3926 provides convenient fixed-dose treatment without the need for monitoring, and has the potential to change the management of venous and arterial @entity1031 .

title: XXXX : advances in anticoagulation therapy.

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke and systemic embolism', 'stroke']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity3926 :: ('MESH:C554682', 'Chemical') :: ['Dabigatran', 'dabigatran']

entities_list: @entity14534 :: ('MESH:C453962', 'Chemical') :: ['dabigatran etexilate']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['thromboembolism']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['Venous thromboembolism', 'acute venous thromboembolism', 'VTE']

entities_list: @entity1229 :: ('MESH:D014859', 'Chemical') :: ['warfarin']

answer: @entity14534 :: (MESH:C453962,Chemical) :: ['Dabigatran etexilate']


abstract: Study Objectives: @entity1949 ( @entity1949 ) is a common occurrence and constitutes a major @entity27 ( @entity27 ). @entity1949 has been implicated in multiple @entity27 -related morbidities, but it is unclear whether @entity1949 underlies any of the cardiovascular morbidities of @entity27 . We hypothesized that long-term @entity1949 exposures may lead to @entity409 and altered vessel wall structure. Methods and Results: Adult male C57BL/6J @entity19 were fed normal chow and exposed to daylight @entity1949 or control sleep (CTL) for 20 weeks. Telemetric blood pressure and endothelial function were assessed weekly using a modified laser-Doppler hyperemic test. @entity731 , elastic fiber disruption, lumen area, wall thickness, foam cells, and macrophage recruitment, as well as expression of senescence-associated markers were examined in excised aortas. Increased latencies to reach baseline perfusion levels during the post-occlusive period emerged in @entity1949 @entity19 with increased systemic BP values starting at 8 weeks of @entity1949 and persisting thereafter. No obvious @entity731 emerged, but marked elastic fiber disruption and fiber disorganization were apparent in @entity1949 -exposed @entity19 , along with increases in the number of foam cells and macrophages in the aorta wall. Senescence markers showed reduced @entity15087 and @entity5206 and increased @entity3842 expression, with higher @entity777 plasma levels in @entity1949 -exposed @entity19 . Conclusions: Long-term @entity1949 induces @entity455 and mild blood pressure increases. @entity1949 also leads to morphologic vessel changes characterized by elastic fiber disruption and disorganization, increased recruitment of inflammatory cells, and altered expression of senescence markers, thereby supporting a role for @entity1949 in the @entity65 of @entity27 .

title: Chronic Sleep Fragmentation Induces Endothelial Dysfunction and Structural Vascular Changes in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1949 :: ('MESH:D012892', 'Disease') :: ['SF', 'Sleep fragmentation']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular endothelial dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['endothelial dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity27 :: ('MESH:D020181', 'Disease') :: ['characteristic of obstructive sleep apnea', 'OSA']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['Atherosclerotic plaques', 'atherosclerotic plaques']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular morbidity']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['Mice']


abstract: Previous studies of neurohumoral activation following @entity583 have concentrated on the within-hospital phase and have only made measurements at rest. The objectives of this study were to measure neuroendocrine activity in the early convalescent phase of @entity583 at rest and during symptom-limited maximal exercise and to study the effects of early drug therapy. We studied 75 @entity1 , mean age 57 (range 37-74) without evidence of overt @entity712 , following Q-wave @entity583 . @entity1 were studied a mean of 17 days following @entity583 and compared with 11 age-matched control subjects. Plasma @entity1063 , @entity1425 , atrial natriuretic peptide and plasma @entity916 activity were measured at rest, at submaximal and symptom-limited maximal treadmill exercise. At the time of study 40 @entity1 were taking beta-blockers, 19 diuretics and 16 no treatment. Atrial natriuretic peptide levels were higher at rest (P = 0.0001) and at symptom-limited exercise (P = 0.002) in the @entity1 group than in the control subjects. Although there were no significant resting differences between the @entity1 subgroups, at symptom-limited exercise plasma atrial natriuretic peptide levels were significantly higher in the @entity1 taking beta-blockers than in the other @entity1 groups (P = 0.001). Plasma @entity916 activity was no different between the @entity1 and the control subjects at rest or during exercise. Those @entity1 taking diuretics had higher values at rest (P = 0.001) and during exercise (P = 0.005) compared with the remaining @entity1 . There were no significant differences in resting or maximal exercise levels of plasma @entity1063 and adrenaline between the @entity1 and the control subjects (all P > 0.1).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Patterns of neuroendocrine activation at rest and during exercise following acute XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity1425 :: ('MESH:D004837', 'Chemical') :: ['adrenaline']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['noradrenaline']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarction']


abstract: Constitutive activation of the Wnt signaling pathway is a common feature of solid @entity5 and contributes to uncontrolled cell-growth and impaired differentiation. We hypothesized that gene silencing mediated through aberrant promoter methylation of upstream Wnt antagonist genes might result in @entity3546 accumulation, resulting in constitutive Wnt activation. Wnt antagonist genes ( @entity12393 , @entity21124 , APC and @entity5962 ) and @entity3546 promoter methylation was examined in genomic DNA extracted from 12 @entity5 cell lines and correlated with @entity3546 mRNA expression. Promoter methylation status was then assessed in 36 BCa, 30 PCa, 31 RCT, and normal bladder mucosa (15), prostate (10) and renal (5) tissue samples. Finally, @entity3546 mRNA relative expression levels were correlated with Wnt antagonist gene methylation status in RCT. Methylation was found in at least one Wnt antagonist gene and the @entity3546 promoter was unmethylated in all @entity5 cell lines tested. When gene methylation levels were compared between @entity5 cell lines with high and low @entity3546 mRNA expression, a trend was found for increased @entity5962 promoter methylation levels in the former. BCa and PC a @entity5 demonstrated high frequency of promoter methylation at all tested genes. In RCT, @entity3546 was unmethylated in all cases and the overall frequency of promoter methylation at the remainder genes was lower. Interestingly, median @entity3546 mRNA expression levels were significantly higher in RCTs methylated in at least one Wnt antagonist gene promoter. We concluded that epigenetic deregulation of Wnt pathway inhibitors may contribute to aberrant activation of Wnt signaling pathway in bladder, prostate and @entity703 .

title: Epigenetic regulation of Wnt signaling pathway in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'urological cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity703 :: ('MESH:D007680', 'Disease') :: ['renal tumors']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['urological cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Indolent @entity262 , including the subvariant of smouldering @entity262 , is a lifelong condition associated with reduced quality of life. @entity18225 inhibits KIT and @entity18226 kinases that are involved in @entity262 pathogenesis. We aimed to assess safety and efficacy of @entity18225 versus placebo in severely symptomatic @entity1 who were unresponsive to optimal symptomatic treatments. METHODS: In this randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 study, we enrolled adults (aged 18-75 years) with indolent or smouldering @entity262 , according to WHO classification or documented @entity5310 based on histological criteria, at 50 centres in 15 countries. We excluded @entity1 with cutaneous or non-severe @entity262 after a protocol amendment. @entity1 were centrally randomised (1:1) to receive either oral @entity18225 (6 mg/kg per day over 24 weeks with possible extension) or matched placebo with minimisation according to severe symptoms. The primary endpoint was cumulative response (>= 75% improvement from baseline within weeks 8-24) in at least one severe baseline symptom from the following: @entity111 score of 9 or more, eight or more flushes per week, Hamilton Rating Scale for @entity308 of 19 or more, or Fatigue Impact Scale of 75 or more. We assessed treatment effect using repeated measures methodology for rare diseases via the generalised estimating equation model in a modified intention-to-treat population, including all @entity1 assigned to treatment minus those who withdrew due to a non-treatment-related cause. We assessed safety in all @entity1 who received at least one dose of study drug. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00814073. FINDINGS: Between Feb 19, 2009, and July 15, 2015, 135 @entity1 were randomly assigned to @entity18225 (n=71) or placebo (n=64). By 24 weeks, @entity18225 was associated with a cumulative response of 18  7% in the primary endpoint (122  6 responses of 656  5 possible responses [weighted generalised estimating equation]) compared with 7  4% for placebo (48  9 of 656  5; difference 11  3%; odds ratio 3  6; 95% CI 1  2-10  8; p=0  0076). Frequent severe adverse events (>4% difference from placebo) were @entity294 (eight [11%] of 70 in the @entity18225 group vs one [2%] of 63 in the placebo group), @entity1910 (four [6%] vs none), and @entity1395 (four [6%] vs one [2%]). The most frequent serious adverse events were @entity294 (three @entity1 [4%] vs one [2%]) and @entity110 (two [3%] vs none), and no life-threatening @entity137 occurred. One @entity1 in the placebo group died (unrelated to study treatment). INTERPRETATION: These study findings indicate that @entity18225 is an effective and well tolerated agent for the treatment of severely symptomatic indolent or smouldering @entity262 . FUNDING: AB Science (Paris, France).

title: @entity18225 for treatment of severely symptomatic XXXX : a randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity5310 :: ('MESH:D008415', 'Disease') :: ['mastocytosis']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhoea']

entities_list: @entity262 :: ('MESH:D034721', 'Disease') :: ['indolent systemic mastocytosis', 'systemic mastocytosis']

entities_list: @entity111 :: ('MESH:D011537', 'Disease') :: ['pruritus']

entities_list: @entity18225 :: ('MESH:C526575', 'Chemical') :: ['Masitinib', 'masitinib']

entities_list: @entity110 :: ('MESH:D014581', 'Disease') :: ['urticaria']

answer: @entity262 :: (MESH:D034721,Disease) :: ['indolent systemic mastocytosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In cases of @entity356 ( @entity356 ) that include one for surgical indication and another for endoscopic resection (ER) in two different regions of the stomach, @entity1 can avoid total gastrectomy and undergo subtotal gastrectomy following successful pre-emptive ER. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of @entity1556 ( @entity1556 ) with curative intent for such SGCs. METHODS: Between September 2002 and December 2012, 34 @entity1 with SGCs (72 lesions) underwent @entity1556 . Our institutional principals of @entity1556 ensure the following: (1) treatment with curative intent, (2) multiple lesions indicated for ER and surgery, (3) evasion of TG following successful pre-emptive ER, (4) exclusion of type 4 and large type 3 (>80  mm) @entity5 , and (5) nonemergent cases such as @entity548 , perforation, and obstruction. Clinicopathological characteristics and technical data were evaluated for all @entity1 , and long-term outcomes were analyzed in @entity1 who obtained curative ER and underwent subtotal gastrectomy. RESULTS: Curative ER was obtained in 31 @entity1 (91.1  %), and subtotal gastrectomy was performed a median of 44  days after ER. Final stages were as follows: stage I, 25 @entity1 (80.6  %); stage II, four @entity1 (12.9  %); stage III, one @entity1 (3.2  %); and stage IV, one @entity1 (3.2  %). The 5-year overall and cause-specific survival rates were 96.3  % (95  % confidence interval 89.4-100  %) and 100  %, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1556 was feasible and effective as the first treatment of choice for multiple SGCs. @entity1556 enables minimally invasive surgery with promising oncological outcomes.

title: Efficacy and long-term outcome of XXXX for multiple @entity356 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity1556 :: ('MESH:D058246', 'Disease') :: ['pre-emptive endoscopic resection and surgery', 'PRES']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['synchronous gastric cancers', 'SGC']

answer: @entity1556 :: (MESH:D058246,Disease) :: ['pre-emptive endoscopic resection and surgery']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The laparoscopic trans-abdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) approach to @entity169 is well documented as an excellent choice in numerous studies, especially when conducted by an experienced surgeon. Its full list of specific indications is still under debate. Generally, the repair of @entity547 demands a higher level of experience on the part of the surgeon, irrespective of the applied surgical technique. In this report, we evaluate our preliminary experience of TAPP laparoscopic repair for @entity547 in young @entity1 in a Community Hospital setting, focusing on the feasibility of the technique and the incidence of complications. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between January 2008 and January 2009 a total of ten consecutive young @entity1 at the "Civil Hospital" in Vittorio Veneto (TV), underwent TAPP laparoscopic repair of bilateral @entity547 . RESULTS: The overall mean operative time was 65 (+/-15) min. All procedures were performed on a day surgery basis. There were no conversions to open repair, no mortality/morbidity or relapsing @entity547 . The mean follow-up was 14 (+/-2) months. No @entity1 reported severe @entity158 at 10 days, There were no reports of night @entity158 at 30 days. All @entity1 had a return to physical-work capacity within 14 days. All @entity1 were completely satisfied at the 3-month follow up. CONCLUSIONS: Analysis of the short-term post-operative outcomes of our experience enabled us to conclude that, in the proper setting, TAPP can be performed for @entity547 repair with an efficiency comparable to that of normal @entity169 .

title: XXXX in young @entity1 : is laparoscopic repair a possible answer? Preliminary results of a single-institution experience with a transabdominal preperitoneal approach.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity169 :: ('MESH:D006552', 'Disease') :: ['inguinal hernia repair']

entities_list: @entity547 :: ('MESH:D006547', 'Disease') :: ['inguinoscrotal hernias', 'scrotal hernias', 'hernias', 'inguinoscrotal hernia']

answer: @entity169 :: (MESH:D006552,Disease) :: ['Inguinal-scrotal hernias']


abstract: PURPOSE: Phase II clinical studies suggest that @entity519 modification with @entity15436 and @entity4571 (CON) may increase the efficacy of radiotherapy (RT). @entity1 AND METHODS: Three hundred thirty-three @entity1 with locally advanced @entity150 were randomly assigned to RT alone versus RT with CON. A schedule of either 55 Gy in 20 fractions in 4 weeks or 64 Gy in 32 fractions in 6.5 weeks was used. The primary end point was cystoscopic control at 6 months (CC(6m)) and secondary end points were @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ), local @entity4557 ( @entity4557 ), urinary and rectal morbidity. RESULTS: CC(6m) was 81% for RT + CON and 76% for RT alone (P = .3); however, just more than half of @entity1 underwent cystoscopy at that time. Three-year estimates of @entity1349 were 59% and 46% (P = .04) and 3-year estimates of @entity4557 were 54% and 43% (P = .06) for RT + CON versus RT alone. Risk of @entity204 was 14% lower with RT + CON (P = .04). In multivariate comparison, RT + CON significantly reduced the risk of relapse (P = .05) and @entity204 (P = .03). There was no evidence that differences in late urinary or GI morbidity between treatment groups or between fractionation schedules were significant. CONCLUSION: RT + CON produced a small nonsignificant improvement in CC(6m). Differences in @entity1349 , risk of @entity204 , and local relapse were significantly in favor of RT + CON. Late morbidity was similar in both trial arms. Results indicate a benefit of adding CON to radical RT.

title: Radiotherapy with concurrent XXXX and @entity4571 in @entity150 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity4557 :: ('MESH:D012008', 'Disease') :: ['RFS', 'relapse-free survival']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity4571 :: ('MESH:D009536', 'Chemical') :: ['nicotinamide']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity15436 :: (MESH:C011700,Chemical) :: ['carbogen']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Vaccination of @entity12767 ( @entity12767 ) was made a high priority during the phase six pandemic of the novel @entity683 H1N1 (pH1N1) virus. We surveyed adherence to pH1N1 vaccination and the incidence of pH1N1 @entity281 between vaccinated and unvaccinated @entity12767 . METHODS: Employees at the S. Jo  o Hospital in Porto, Portugal, were offered pH1N1 vaccinations free of charge. Pandemrix(  ) was the vaccine administered. As part of the pandemic plan, employees with @entity1109 ( @entity1109 ) were called upon to take an RT-PCR H1N1 test. If the test results were positive, they had to stay off work for at least 7  days. Sociodemographic data, vaccination status, contact with @entity166 @entity1 , @entity1109 and pH1N1 test results were documented in a standardised manner. RESULTS: The survey population comprised 5,592 employees. The vaccination rate was 30.8% (n  =  1,720) for pH1N1 and 50.4% (n  =  2,819) for the 2009/2010 seasonal trivalent inactivated @entity683 vaccine (TIV). One mild anaphylactic reaction occurred after pH1N1 vaccination. Minor local side effects occurred more often after pH1N1 vaccination than after 2009/2010 seasonal TIV (38.0% vs. 12.3%). @entity281 was diagnosed in 97 @entity12767 (1.7%). Compared to employees with no regular @entity1 contact, nurses (2.8%) had the highest risk of pH1N1 @entity281 (adjusted OR 3.8; 95% CI 1.2-6.8). Vaccination reduced the pH1N1 @entity281 risk (OR 0.12; 95% CI 0.05-0.29). Vaccine effectiveness was 90.4% (95% CI 73.5-97.3%). CONCLUSION: Vaccination reduced the pH1N1 @entity281 risk considerably. The pandemic plan to contain the pH1N1 @entity281 was successful. Nurses had the highest risk of pH1N1 @entity281 and are therefore a target group for vaccination measures.

title: High effectiveness of pandemic @entity683 (H1N1) vaccination in XXXX from a Portuguese hospital.

entities_list: @entity12767 :: ('MESH:D000382', 'Disease') :: ['HCWs', 'healthcare workers']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['ILS', 'influenza-like symptoms']

entities_list: @entity683 :: ('MESH:D007251', 'Disease') :: ['influenza A', 'influenza']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection', 'Pandemic H1N1 infection']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['infectious']

answer: @entity12767 :: (MESH:D000382,Disease) :: ['healthcare workers']


abstract: Inward rectifying @entity972 (Kir) channels participate in regulating @entity972 concentration ( @entity3529 ) in the central nervous system (CNS), including in the retina. We explored the contribution of Kir channels to retinal function by delivering Kir antibodies (Kir-Abs) into the @entity35 eye in vivo to interrupt channel activity. Kir-Abs were coupled to a peptide carrier to reach intracellular epitopes. Functional effects were evaluated by recording the scotopic threshold response (STR) and photopic negative response (PhNR) of the electroretinogram (ERG) noninvasively with an electrode on the cornea to determine activity of the rod and cone pathways, respectively. Intravitreal delivery of @entity21598 -Ab coupled to the peptide carrier diminished these ERG responses equivalent to dimming the stimulus 10- to 100-fold. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) showed @entity21598 immunostaining of @entity989 (BCs) matching the labeling pattern obtained with conventional IHC of applying @entity21598 -Ab to fixed retinal sections postmortem. Whole-cell voltage-clamp BC recordings in @entity35 acute retinal slices showed suppression of barium-sensitive @entity21598 currents upon inclusion of @entity21598 -Ab in the patch pipette. The in vivo functional and structural results implicate a contribution of @entity21598 channel activity in these electronegative ERG potentials. Studies with @entity24248 -Ab administered in vivo also suppressed the ERG components and showed immunostaining of M  ller cells. The strategy of administering Kir antibodies in vivo, coupled to a peptide carrier to facilitate intracellular delivery, identifies roles for @entity21598 and @entity24248 in ERG components arising in the proximal retina and suggests this approach could be of further value in research.

title: Probing @entity972 channel function in vivo by intracellular delivery of antibodies in a XXXX model of retinal neurodegeneration.

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['retinal bipolar cells']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: The two leading RP-HPLC approaches for deriving hydrophobicity values of @entity1522 utilize either sets of designed synthetic peptides or extended random datasets often extracted from proteomics experiments. We find that the best examples of these two methods provide virtually identical results--with exception of Lys, @entity534 , and His. The intrinsic hydrophobicity values of the remaining residues as determined by Kovacs et al. (Biopolymers 84 (2006) 283) correlates with an R(2)-value of 0.995+ against @entity535 retention coefficients from our Sequence Specific Retention Calculator model (Anal. Chem. 78 (2006) 7785). This novel finding lays the foundation for establishing consensus @entity1522 hydrophobicity scales as determined by RP-HPLC. Simultaneously, we find the assignment of hydrophobicity values for charged residues (Lys, @entity534 and His at pH 2) is ambiguous; their retention contribution is strongly affected by the overall peptide hydrophobicity. The unique behavior of the basic residues is related to the dualistic character of the RP peptide retention mechanism, where both hydrophobic and ion-pairing interactions are involved. We envision the introduction of "sliding" hydrophobicity scales for charged residues as a new element in peptide retention prediction models. We also show that when using a simple additive retention prediction model, the "correct" coefficient value optimization (0.98+ correlation against values determined by synthetic peptide approach) requires a training set of at least 100 randomly selected peptides.

title: Defining intrinsic hydrophobicity of XXXX ' side chains in random coil conformation. Reversed-phase liquid chromatography of designed synthetic peptides vs. random peptide data sets.

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

answer: @entity1522 :: (CHEBI:33709,Chemical) :: ['amino acids']


abstract: The objective of the study was the evaluation of a screening service for fetal abnormality using early ultrasound scanning to date and establish viability of the pregnancy combined with maternal serum @entity160 estimation at 16 weeks and thereafter selective detailed scanning at 18-20 weeks based on clinical indication. The study was designed to be retrospective, emphasizing the possibility of diagnosis. Early scans were performed by radiographers and radiologists, detailed ones by radiologists and obstetricians with subspecialty training in prenatal diagnosis. The study was carried out in the ultrasound department of a large University Hospital. The subjects studied were all cases of abnormality identified pre- or postnatally in @entity1 delivering in the hospital over 4 years and to whom the screening service applied. Information was obtained from ultrasound and maternity records, birth notifications, pathology and autopsy reports and a special needs register. Cases were classified as not detectable, potentially detectable and usually detectable. @entity2241 numbered 255 (total deliveries 19,497), a prevalence of 1.3%; 130 (51%) were diagnosed by ultrasound with 64% before 24 weeks and 36% later. Eleven @entity2008 (4%) were diagnosed by genetic methods and 114 (45%) anomalies were not diagnosed antenatally. The sensitivity of the program was 37% before 24 weeks. @entity2008 , @entity6220 and @entity299 were most common, followed by lesions of the gastrointestinal and urinary tracts. A large proportion of the detected and detectable anomalies were lethal.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Audit of a screening service for fetal abnormalities using early ultrasound scanning and maternal serum XXXX estimation combined with selective detailed scanning.

entities_list: @entity6220 :: ('MESH:D020279', 'Disease') :: ['lesions of the central nervous system']

entities_list: @entity160 :: ('174', 'Gene') :: ['alpha-fetoprotein']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac defects']

entities_list: @entity2008 :: ('MESH:D002869', 'Disease') :: ['chromosomal anomalies', 'Chromosomal anomalies']

entities_list: @entity2241 :: ('MESH:D005315', 'Disease') :: ['Major fetal anomalies']

answer: @entity160 :: (174,Gene) :: ['alpha-fetoprotein']


abstract: There are limited prospective data evaluating the role of urinary F2-IsoP and @entity1113 as predictive markers in @entity955 . The aim of this study was to analyse the role of urinary prostaglandin PGF2alpha (8-iso-PGF2a) and @entity1113 , markers of systemic oxidative stress, in predicting cardiovascular (CV) events and mortality in anticoagulated non-valvular @entity955 ( @entity955 ) @entity1 . This was a prospective study including 1,002 anticoagulated @entity955 @entity1 , followed for a median time of 25.7 months (interquartile range: 14.8-50.9). All major CV events, CV @entity204 and all-cause @entity204 were considered as primary outcomes of the study. CV events included fatal/nonfatal @entity64 , fatal/nonfatal @entity583 ( @entity583 ), @entity299 and @entity4905 ( @entity4905 ). Oxidative stress biomarkers, such as urinary 8-iso-PGF2a and serum sNOX2-dp, a marker of @entity1113 activation, were measured. A CV event occurred in 125 @entity1 (12.5   %); 78 CV @entity204 and 31 non-CV @entity204 were registered. 8-iso-PGF2a and sNOX2-dp were correlated (Rs=0.765 p<   0.001). A significant increased cumulative incidence of CV events and CV @entity204 was observed across tertiles for 8-iso-PGF2a and sNOX2-dp. An increased rate of all-cause death was observed across tertiles of urinary 8-iso-PGF2a. In Cox or Fine and Gray models, 8-iso- @entity7309 2a predicted CV events and CV and non-CV @entity204 . The addition of tertiles of 8-iso-PGF2a to CHA2DS2-VASc score improved ROC curves for each outcome and NRI for CV events (0.24 [0.06-0.53] p=0.0067). The study shows that in @entity955 @entity1 8-iso-PGF2a and @entity1113 levels are predictive of CV events and total mortality. F2-IsoP may complement conventional risk factors in prediction of CV events.

title: Serum @entity1113 and urinary isoprostanes predict vascular events in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['ischaemic stroke']

entities_list: @entity4905 :: ('MESH:D002546', 'Disease') :: ['transient ischaemic attack', 'TIA']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation', 'AF']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac revascularisation']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'MI']

answer: @entity955 :: (MESH:D001281,Disease) :: ['atrial fibrillation']


abstract: The results of operative treatment of @entity1635 were reviewed for twenty-two @entity1 (ten @entity1 and twelve @entity1 ) who had @entity10751 , an @entity74 affecting primarily Ashkenazi Jews. The indication for operative intervention was progressive @entity3792 to 45 degrees or more in a skeletally immature @entity1 for whom bracing had failed. The mean age at the time of the operation was fifteen years and five months (range, eight years and two months to nineteen years). Seventeen @entity1 had a thoracic curve with a mean preoperative Cobb angle of 69 degrees (range, 47 to 112 degrees), and five @entity1 had a double major curve with a mean preoperative Cobb angle of 71 degrees (range, 42 to 87 degrees) for the cephalad curves and 60 degrees (range, 45 to 72 degrees) for the caudad curves. Twenty @entity1 had a rigid @entity1513 ; in fourteen, the apex was at the seventh thoracic vertebra or more cephalad. Two @entity1 had a lordoscoliosis. The mean preoperative @entity1513 was 64 degrees (range, 12 to 110 degrees) in the thirteen @entity1 who had a thoracic curve and for whom information regarding @entity1513 was available, and it was 70 degrees (range, 54 to 84 degrees) in the five @entity1 who had a double major curve. Postoperior spinal arthrodesis and instrumentation was performed in all @entity1 . Two @entity1 had an anterior arthrodesis as well because of the severity and @entity2003 of the curve. Allograft bone was used in eighteen @entity1 . Postoperatively, all @entity1 were managed with a body cast or with a custom-molded thoracolumbar brace.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: XXXX in @entity10751 . Operative treatment.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'girls', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity10751 :: ('MESH:D004402', 'Disease') :: ['familial dysautonomia']

entities_list: @entity1635 :: ('MESH:D012600', 'Disease') :: ['scoliosis']

entities_list: @entity3792 :: ('MESH:C565711', 'Disease') :: ['kyphoscoliosis']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['autosomal recessive disorder']

answer: @entity1635 :: (MESH:D012600,Disease) :: ['Scoliosis']


abstract: PURPOSE: Overcoming low anti- @entity5 drug uptake in @entity5 is a key challenge limiting its clinical use. We propose to enhance the drug delivery using upfront Microbeam Radiation Therapy (MRT). MRT is a preclinical @entity5 therapy that utilizes microplanar beams to deliver spatially oscillating planes of high and low doses. Animal studies have demonstrated that ultrahigh dose (100s Gy) MRT eradicates @entity5 without damaging the function of normal tissue exposed to the same radiation. Our previous study indicated that MRT induces intense angiogenesis in @entity5 rim and surrounding normal tissue 1-2 days post radiation. We hypothesize that the @entity5 microenvironment modulation induced by MRT may enhance carrier-mediated agent drug delivery to @entity5 with inherent poor drug uptake. We thus investigated MRT-induced pharmacokinetics (PK) of @entity6065 ( @entity6066 ), a nano-scale @entity632 , in @entity6067 genetically engineered @entity19 model of @entity0 . METHODS: A research irradiator (160kVp, RadSource Technologies) with a customized collimator was used to produce the MRT microbeam of in average 390  m width and 1190  m peak-to-peak distance. The peak dose rate of 1-2Gy/min. Dosimetry is by EBT3 film cross-calibrated with ion chamber at large fields. All @entity19 were administered @entity6066 at 6mg/kg IV x1 at 16h post MRT and sacrificed at 5min, 6h, 24h, and 96h post @entity6066 administration (n=3 or 4 per group). RESULTS: The MRT(28Gy)+ @entity6066 group @entity19 had a total @entity632 @entity5 concentration (area-under-the concentration-curve, AUC) of 206,040ng/mL   h, 3.71 times the concentration of the @entity6066 -alone group. The MRT(34Gy)+ @entity6066 group had a higher mean total @entity632 concentration in @entity5 (20,779ng/ml) than the MRT(28Gy)+PLD group (10,665ng/ml). CONCLUSION: Our preliminary results indicate that microbeam radiation therapy (MRT) can enhance nano-scale anti- @entity5 drug delivery to @entity5 approximately 4-fold. The exact working mechanism, the comparison with broad beam irradiation, and optimization of MRT for drug delivery enhancement are under investigation.

title: WE-EF-BRA-09: Microbeam Radiation Therapy Enhances Tumor Drug Uptake of @entity6065 ( @entity6066 ) in a Triple Negative XXXX Model.

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['triple negative breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity6065 :: ('MESH:C506643', 'Chemical') :: ['PEGylated liposomal doxorubicin']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['Breast Cancer GEM']


abstract: A 19-year-old @entity1 with a pure @entity3438 in the pineal region was successfully treated with chemotherapy followed by 24 Gy local irradiation. Eight months later, magnetic resonance (MR) imaging detected ventricular wall dissemination outside the radiation field. Near complete response was achieved again after 28.8 Gy whole brain and 24 Gy whole spine irradiation. Two months later, MR imaging demonstrated recurrence of a mass at the corpus callosum. Gamma knife radiosurgery did not control this mass, so @entity5 resection was performed. Histological examination revealed @entity44 . Enlargement of the recurrent mass at the trigone of the left lateral ventricle was found in spite of additional chemotherapy. @entity5 extirpation was performed and histological examination revealed @entity189 . The @entity1 died of @entity5 progression 34 months after the initial treatment. By a combination of chemotherapy regiments in use today, the initial radiation field to treat @entity932 should not be confined to the @entity5 bed.

title: Recurrent XXXX outside the initial radiation field with progressive malignant transformation.

entities_list: @entity932 :: ('MESH:D020300', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial germinomas']

entities_list: @entity44 :: ('MESH:D013724', 'Disease') :: ['immature teratoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Tumour', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['embryonal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3438 :: ('MESH:D018237', 'Disease') :: ['germinoma']

answer: @entity932 :: (MESH:D020300,Disease) :: ['intracranial germinoma']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to assess variability in contouring the gross @entity5 volume (GTV) and clinical target volume (CTV) of 3 clinical cervix @entity5 cases by a cohort of international experts in the field in preparation for the development of an online teaching atlas. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Twelve international experts participated. Three clinical scenarios: node positivity ( @entity6936 ), retroverted uterus (RV), and parametrial invasion (PI) were used. Sagittal and axial magnetic resonance images of the clinical cases were downloaded to @entity1 ' treatment planning systems for contouring. The GTV/cervix/uterus/parametria/vagina and nodal CTV were contoured. Contour consensus was assessed for sensitivity/specificity using an expectation maximization algorithm called Simultaneous Truth and Performance Level Estimation and experts' overall agreement was summarized by kappa statistics. RESULTS: Agreement for GTV in the 3 clinical cases was high (Simultaneous Truth and Performance Level Estimation sensitivity, 0.54-0.92; specificity, 0.97-0.98; and kappa measure for @entity6936 , RV, and PI was 0.86, 0.76, and 0.42; P < .0001). Moderate to substantial agreement was seen for nodal CTV (kappa statistics for @entity6936 , RV, and PI was 0.65, 0.58, and 0.62; P < .0001), uterus (kappa for @entity6936 , RV, and PI was 0.45, 0.74, and 0.77; P < .0001), and parametria (kappa for @entity6936 , RV, and PI was 0.49, 0.62, and 0.50; P < .0001). Contouring heterogeneity was greatest for the cervix (kappa measure for @entity6936 , RV, and PI was 0.15, 0.4, and 0.24; P < .0001) and vagina (kappa for @entity6936 , RV, and PI was 0.47, 0.36 and 0.46; P < .0001), reflecting difficulties in determining the interface between GTV and these tissues. CONCLUSION: Kappa statistics of the different CTV components generally demonstrated moderate to substantial agreement among international experts in the field of gynecological radiation therapy. Further planning target volume margins accounting for organ motion and setup errors are a necessary addition to the CTV.

title: Variability in clinical target volume delineation for intensity modulated radiation therapy in 3 challenging cervix XXXX scenarios.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'tumor']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the role of ultra sound-guided systematic and lesion-directed biopsies, biopsy gleason score, preoperative serum @entity1486 as three objective and reproducible variables to provide a reliable combination in preoperative identification of risk of extraprostatic extension in @entity1 with clinically localized @entity263 . METHODS: The case records of 813 @entity1 who underwent radical prostatectomy for clinically localized @entity263 were analyzed. All had multiple systematic biopsies, two to three from each lobe, in addition to lesion-directed biopsies. Additionally, biopsies were done on seminal vesicles (SVs), if abnormal. Based on biopsy results, @entity1 were classified as having stage B1 (T2a-T2b) or B2 (T2c) disease, depending on whether biopsies from one or both lobes were positive and stage C (T3) if there was evidence of SV involvement by biopsy of biopsies from areas of extracapsular extension as seen on transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) were positive. Logistic regression analyses with log likelihood chi-square test was used to define the correlation between individual as well as combination of preoperative variables and pathologic stage. RESULTS: On final pathologic examination, 473 (58%) @entity1 had organ-confined disease, 188 (23%) had extracapsular extension (ECE), with or without positive surgical margins, and 72 (9%) had SV involvement. Eighty (10%) @entity1 had pelvic lymph node @entity3 . Biopsy-based staging was superior to clinical staging in predicting final pathologic diagnosis. Logistic regression analyses revealed that the combination of biopsy-based stage, preoperative serum @entity1486 , and biopsy Gleason score provided the best prediction of final pathologic stage. Probability plots constructed with these data can provide significant information on risk of extraprostatic extension in individual @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that TRUS-guided systematic biopsy in combination with preoperative serum @entity1486 and biopsy Gleason score may provide a cost-effective approach for management decisions and prognostication in @entity1 with @entity263 .

title: The role of transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy-based staging, preoperative serum @entity1486 , and biopsy Gleason score in prediction of final pathologic diagnosis in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity1486 :: ('354', 'Gene') :: ['prostate-specific antigen (PSA)', 'PSA']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate cancer']


abstract: Experimental data has shown that @entity1092 has analgesic properties in animals, probably by way of the increase in cerebral and spinal @entity1246 ( @entity1246 ) it induces. A study was therefore designed to assess this analgesia in @entity1 in the postoperative period. A first open study was carried out on 12 consenting @entity1 , who were each given 15 mg.kg-1 @entity1092 intravenously over 20 min. A significant decrease in @entity158 intensity, measured by an analogic visual scale, was seen from the 20th min up to the 140th min. A controlled double-blind study was then carried out; it included three groups of 13 @entity1 each. @entity1 in group 1 were given placebo (5% @entity413 ); group 2 @entity1 were given 15 mg.kg-1 @entity1092 intravenously over 20 min, and group 3 @entity1 2 mg.kg-1 @entity7988 intravenously over 20 min also. There was no difference in the @entity158 intensity profile of groups 1 and 2: @entity1092 was no more efficient than placebo in relieving @entity282 . However, @entity7988 gave a prompt and effective analgesic effect. The clinical data obtained with @entity1092 in @entity1 during the postoperative period stand in contrast with the promising animal results. @entity1092 cannot be recommended for the treatment of @entity282 .

title: [Comparative study of XXXX and @entity7988 in the treatment of @entity282 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'man']

entities_list: @entity7988 :: ('MESH:D007660', 'Chemical') :: ['ketoprofen']

entities_list: @entity1246 :: ('MESH:D005680', 'Chemical') :: ['gamma amino-butyric acid', 'GABA']

entities_list: @entity1092 :: ('MESH:D014635', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium valproate', 'Sodium valproate']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative pain']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['dextrose']

answer: @entity1092 :: (MESH:D014635,Chemical) :: ['sodium valproate']


abstract: Fish hatching enzymes are @entity219 metalloproteases that digest the egg envelope (chorion) at the time of hatching. The crystal structure of @entity3392 hatching enzyme 1 (ZHE1) has been solved at 1.10    resolution. ZHE1 is monomeric, is mitten shaped, and has a cleft at the center of the molecule. ZHE1 consists of three 3(10)-helices, three a-helices, and two b-sheets. The central cleft represents the active site of the enzyme that is crucial for substrate recognition and catalysis. @entity493 -scanning mutagenesis of the two substrate peptides has shown that AspP1' contributes the most and that the residues at P4-P2' also contribute to the recognition of the major substrate peptide by ZHE1, whereas GluP3' and the hydrophobic residues at P4-P2, P2', and P5' contribute significantly to the recognition of the minor substrate peptide by ZHE1. Molecular models of these two substrate peptides bound to ZHE1 have been built based on the crystal structure of a transition-state analog inhibitor bound to @entity21877 . In substrate-recognition models, the AspP1' in the major substrate peptide forms a salt bridge with @entity534 182 of ZHE1, while the GluP3' in the minor substrate peptide instead forms a salt bridge with @entity534 182. Thus, these two substrate peptides would be differently recognized by ZHE1. The shapes and electrostatic potentials of the substrate-binding clefts of ZHE1 and the structurally similar proteins @entity21877 and bone morphogenetic protein 1 are significantly dissimilar due to different side chains, which would confer their distinctive substrate preferences.

title: Crystal structure of XXXX hatching enzyme 1 from the @entity3392 @entity3392 .

entities_list: @entity493 :: ('CHEBI:16449', 'Chemical') :: ['Alanine']

answer: @entity3392 :: (7955,Species) :: ['zebrafish']


abstract: The current recommended @entity1 vaccination schedules require many injections at multiple sites, which increase stress for @entity1 and parents and may create challenges to vaccination compliance. Therefore, combination vaccines, which reduce the number of injections at each medical visit, can be an essential method to improve compliance. The objective of this study was to assess the safety and immunogenicity of an investigational, liquid, hexavalent, pediatric vaccine at 2, 4, 6, and 12-14 months of age. In this multicenter, open-label controlled study, 756 @entity1 were randomized in approximately equal numbers to receive 0.5mL intramuscular dose of diptheria- @entity116 -pertussis-polio- @entity327 type b+ @entity1956 vaccine, or 1 of 3 double-blind investigational formulations. All formulations included a @entity1956 surface antigen (HBsAg) concentration of 10 g/0.5mL. The three hexavalent vaccine formulations used in this study contained either Hib @entity11872 (PRP) conjugate component ( @entity116 toxoid [PRP-T, 12 g] or @entity3631 outer membrane protein complex [PRP-OPMC, 3 g or 6 g]): a minimum acceptable postdose 3 antibody response rate for each antigen was defined by the lower limit of a 95% confidence interval exceeding a prespecified target. Rates of adverse events (AEs) were similar among groups, with a trend for increased solicited vaccine-related injection-site reactions ( @entity158 , @entity4 ) with increasing PRP-OMPC dose. No serious vaccine-related AEs were reported in the investigational groups. Both PRP-OMPC formulations met prespecified acceptability criteria for all antigens: PRP, HBsAg, pertussis, @entity7394 , @entity116 and @entity9925 . The PRP-T formulation met the acceptability criterion for antibody responses to all antigens other than PRP at postdose 3. Postdose 4 responses were adequate for all antigens in all formulations. All vaccine formulations were well-tolerated. Both PRP-OMPC formulations met prespecified immunogenicity criteria of PRP-OMPC evaluation.

title: Safety and immunogenicity of three different formulations of a liquid hexavalent @entity7394 - @entity116 -acellular pertussis-inactivated @entity9925 - @entity327 b conjugate- XXXX vaccine at 2, 4, 6 and 12-14 months of age.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['infants', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity1956 :: ('MESH:D006509', 'Disease') :: ['hepatitis B']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['erythema, swelling']

entities_list: @entity327 :: ('727', 'Species') :: ['Haemophilus influenzae']

entities_list: @entity7394 :: ('MESH:D004165', 'Disease') :: ['diphtheria']

entities_list: @entity11872 :: ('MESH:C008984', 'Chemical') :: ['polyribosylribitol phosphate']

entities_list: @entity3631 :: ('487', 'Species') :: ['Neisseria meningitidis']

answer: @entity1956 :: (MESH:D006509,Disease) :: ['hepatitis B']


abstract: PURPOSE: The latest publications indicate that the @entity16039 Tracing algorithm significantly overestimates the dose delivered as compared to the Monte Carlo (MC) algorithm. The purpose of this study is to quantify this overestimation and to identify significant correlations between the @entity138 and MC calculated dose distributions. METHODS: Preliminary results are based on 50 preexisting @entity138 algorithm dose optimization and calculation treatment plans prepared on the Multiplan treatment planning system (Accuray Inc., Sunnyvale, CA). The analysis will be expanded to include 100 plans. These plans are recalculated using the MC algorithm, with high resolution and 1% uncertainty. The geometry and number of beams for a given plan, as well as the number of monitor units, is constant for the calculations for both algorithms and normalized differences are compared. RESULTS: MC calculated doses were significantly smaller than @entity138 doses. The D95 of the @entity343 was 27% lower for the MC calculation. The GTV and @entity343 mean coverage were 13 and 39% less for MC calculation. The first parameter of conformality, as defined as the ratio of the Prescription Isodose Volume to the @entity343 Volume was on average 1.18 for @entity138 and 0.62 for MC. Maximum doses delivered to OARs was reduced in the MC plans. The doses for 1000 and 1500 cc of total lung minus @entity343 , respectively were reduced by 39% and 53% for the MC plans. The correlation of the ratio of air in @entity343 to the @entity343 with the difference in @entity343 coverage had a coefficient of -0.54. CONCLUSION: The preliminary results confirm that the @entity138 algorithm significantly overestimates the dosages delivered confirming previous analyses. Finally, subdividing the data into different size regimes increased the correlation for the smaller size PTVs indicating the MC algorithm improvement verses the @entity138 algorithm is dependent upon the size of the @entity343 .

title: SU-E-T-85: Comparison of Treatment Plans Calculated Using XXXX Tracing and Monte Carlo Algorithms for Lung Cancer Patients Having Undergone Radiotherapy with Cyberknife.

answer: @entity16039 :: (255564,Species) :: ['Ray']