abstract: UNASSIGNED: 8506b Background: EORTC 18991 is the largest adjuvant trial ever conducted in @entity9910 . It assessed the efficacy and @entity137 of long-term @entity970 -IFN vs Observation (Obs.). METHODS: PEG-IFN (Induction at 6  g/Kg/wk, sc, 8 weeks; followed by Maintenance at 3  g/Kg/wk, sc) for a total treatment duration of up to 5 years was compared to Obs. in 1256 @entity1 (pts) with @entity9910 (anyTN1-2M0 without in-transit metastases). Randomization was stratified for nodal involvement N1 (microscopic) vs N2 (palpable nodes), # of nodes, Breslow and ulceration of primary, sex and center. Distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) was the primary endpoint. @entity4557 ( @entity4557 ) was the pre-specified regulatory primary endpoint. @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) was the secondary endpoint. Intent-to-treat analysis was performed Results: Median follow-up was 7.6 yrs is shown in the table. CONCLUSIONS: Long-term PEG-IFN therapy in @entity9910 had a significant and sustained impact on @entity4557 , but not on DMFS and @entity1349 . Pts with only microscopic nodal involvement (sentinel node positive) seemed to have a greater benefit of PEG-IFN in terms of @entity4557 , and marginally regarding DMFS and @entity1349 . In the smaller subgroup of pts with sentinel node positive and with @entity320 , the benefit seemed to be the most striking and consistent regarding all endpoints, and was maintained at long term follow-up. These effects have been observed in 2 consecutive EORTC trials (18952 and 18991) involving 2,644 pts. [Table: see text].

title: EORTC 18991 phase III trial: Long-term adjuvant pegylated interferon-a2b (PEG-IFN) versus observation in resected XXXX : Long-term results at 7.6-years follow-up.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerated melanoma']

entities_list: @entity4557 :: ('MESH:D012008', 'Disease') :: ['Relapse-free survival', 'RFS']

entities_list: @entity9910 :: ('MESH:C563985', 'Disease') :: ['stage III melanoma']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'Overall survival']

answer: @entity9910 :: (MESH:C563985,Disease) :: ['stage III melanoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Genetic susceptibility may play an important role in the pathogenesis of @entity2459 . However, the specific genes involved are largely unknown. We sought to explore the frequency of @entity3492 and mitochondrial 12S rRNA susceptibility mutations in @entity1 with @entity2459 . Between September 2011 and May 2012, 62 consecutive @entity1 with @entity2459 were seen. In 50 of these, no etiological factors for @entity2459 were found. We detected @entity3492 and mitochondrial 12S rRNA variants by direct sequencing in these 50 @entity1 and in 53-aged matched controls with normal hearing. In addition, we undertook functional analyses of the mitochondrial mutations which we detected, applying structural and phylogenetic analysis. @entity3492 sequencing identified six mutations, including three pathogenic mutations ( @entity6365 , @entity25494 , @entity19225 ) and three polymorphisms, in the study @entity1 , giving an allele frequency of 15.0  %. A homozygous @entity19225 mutation was detected in two @entity1 . A total of 16 variants in mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene were identified in the @entity1 . No significant differences were found in @entity3492 heterozygosity or in mitochondrial 12S rRNA variants between @entity1 with @entity2459 and in controls. Our results suggest that the homozygous @entity3492 @entity19225 mutation may be a cause of @entity2459 involving both ears. This finding should increase awareness of the likely role of genetic factors in the etiology of @entity2459 in general.

title: XXXX and mitochondrial 12S rRNA susceptibility mutations in @entity2459 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2459 :: ('MESH:D003639', 'Disease') :: ['sudden deafness']

answer: @entity3492 :: (2706,Gene) :: ['GJB2']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: An open-label study was performed to assess the efficacy and safety of @entity8974 in the treatment of @entity13443 . METHODS: Single-center, open-label study, including 27 @entity1 with signs and symptoms of @entity13443 which had developed within 5 years and was confirmed by mycological examination. The intention-to-treat population (n=23) received 500 mg of @entity8974 bid for 24-48 weeks. Efficacy evaluations included clinical signs and symptoms (e.g. sinuses open or closed, degree of tumefaction, and emission of grains either present or absent); mycological examinations from Week 24 onwards; and investigators' overall assessment of efficacy (cure, improved since baseline, unchanged since baseline, or deterioration since baseline). Safety evaluations included monitoring of adverse events, laboratory assessments, vital signs and physical examinations. RESULTS: Good clinical improvement was seen in @entity1 who completed the study (n=20). Tumefaction was absent or improved in 80% of @entity1 ; sinuses were closed in 50% of @entity1 , and grain emissions were absent in 65% of @entity1 . Of the 16 @entity1 who had repeat mycological assessment, four (25%) were mycologically cured. In the investigators' overall opinion at the end of the study, five (25%) were cured and 11 (55%) were clinically improved. The majority of adverse events reported were mild to moderate, and consistent with the known tolerability profile of @entity8974 . CONCLUSION: High-dose @entity8974 (1,000 mg/day) is well tolerated and clinically effective in @entity1 with @entity13443 , a difficult-to-treat subcutaneous @entity364 .

title: Clinical efficacy and safety of oral XXXX in @entity364 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity13443 :: ('MESH:D008271', 'Disease') :: ['eumycetoma']

entities_list: @entity8974 :: ('MESH:C041359', 'Chemical') :: ['terbinafine']

answer: @entity8974 :: (MESH:C041359,Chemical) :: ['terbinafine']


abstract: @entity12123 is a novel hypnotic characterized by its action as a @entity2493 receptor ( @entity4911 / @entity13498 ) agonist. It has been reported that ramelteon can alter the phase of the sleep period. We report a @entity1 with @entity1442 and @entity1316 who improved with ramelteon. A 25-year-old @entity1 had a 5-year history of emotional instability, excessive @entity25 , and difficulty awakening. He had been diagnosed with @entity1316 and @entity2724 by a psychiatrist. @entity3756 , @entity1153 , @entity1092 , and @entity2727 were ineffective, and so he presented to our hospital. Interview data and a sleep log demonstrated a delayed @entity25 . As other examinations such as actigraphy and video-polysomnography indicated no other diseases, the @entity1 was diagnosed with @entity1442 , delayed @entity25 (ICSD-2). In addition, his mental symptoms were consistent with the criteria for cyclothymia (ICD-10). After the administration of ramelteon, the phase of his sleep period gradually advanced and his emotional instability improved. Because of the high rate of comorbidity between these two diseases, we should be aware of circadian @entity25 that are masked by @entity1316 .

title: [Effects of ramelteon on a @entity1 with XXXX and @entity1316 ].

entities_list: @entity2727 :: ('MESH:D008774', 'Chemical') :: ['methylphenidate']

entities_list: @entity1092 :: ('MESH:D014635', 'Chemical') :: ['valproate']

entities_list: @entity12123 :: ('MESH:C495910', 'Chemical') :: ['Ramelteon']

entities_list: @entity2493 :: ('MESH:D008550', 'Chemical') :: ['melatonin']

entities_list: @entity1442 :: ('MESH:D020178', 'Disease') :: ['circadian rhythm sleep disorder']

entities_list: @entity1316 :: ('MESH:D019964', 'Disease') :: ['mood disorder', 'mood disorders']

entities_list: @entity2724 :: ('MESH:D009290', 'Disease') :: ['narcolepsy']

entities_list: @entity3756 :: ('MESH:D020280', 'Chemical') :: ['Sertraline']

entities_list: @entity1153 :: ('MESH:C048107', 'Chemical') :: ['milnacipran']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['sleep phase', 'daytime sleepiness', 'sleep phase type', 'rhythm sleep disorders']

answer: @entity1442 :: (MESH:D020178,Disease) :: ['circadian rhythm sleep disorder']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Despite numerous developed drugs based on @entity413 metabolism interventions for treatment of age-related diseases such as @entity3949 ( @entity3949 ), @entity3949 are still increasing in @entity1 with @entity164 1 or @entity164 2 @entity6 (T1D, @entity2175 ). We aimed to identify novel candidates in @entity1386 ( @entity1386 ) and pancreas with @entity2175 for targeting to develop new drugs for @entity3949 therapy. @entity1386 displayed 15 (e.g. @entity67934 up-regulated and @entity10236 down-regulated) and @entity2175 showed 10 (e.g. @entity5266 up-regulated, @entity23083 and @entity1675 down-regulated) highly differentially expressed genes with neuronal functions as compared to control tissues. ELISA was blindly performed to measure proteins of 5 most differentially expressed genes in 41 @entity1 subjects. @entity67934 protein was upregulated, @entity23083 and @entity1675 were down-regulated, and @entity5266 remained unchanged in 1- Obese and 2- @entity28 without insulin, @entity10236 protein was higher in these two groups as well as in group 3- @entity28 receiving insulin than 4-lean subjects. Interaction networks analysis of these 5 genes showed several metabolic pathways (e.g. lipid metabolism and insulin signaling).Pancreas is a novel site for @entity1675 synthesis. @entity10236 is synthesized in @entity1386 and could be considered as good diagnostic, and even prognostic, marker for age-induced @entity28 and @entity2175 . This study provides new targets for rational drugs development for the therapy of age-related @entity3949 .

title: Age-related @entity28 and @entity164 2 XXXX dysregulate neuronal associated genes and proteins in @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'human']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['diseases obesity', 'Obese-T2D']

entities_list: @entity3949 :: ('MESH:D003929', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes neuropathies', 'DNs']

entities_list: @entity1386 :: ('MESH:D018205', 'Disease') :: ['adipose tissue', 'AT-T2D', 'AT']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']


abstract: Tolerance of ambiguity means the ability to tolerate contradictory and incalculable informations. There is the hypothesis that a high degree of tolerance of ambiguity correlates with creativity. It is unclear how various @entity146 affect tolerance of ambiguity. Therefore we carried out a study concerning the tolerance of ambiguity: 154 @entity1 were systematically investigated with a standardized questionnaire (31 @entity161 in- @entity1 , 41 neurotic in- @entity1 , 49 members of the staff as control group, 33 artists as control group). In addition we examined the degree of @entity308 in the neurotic group, the anancasm score and the well-being in general. In the @entity161 group we assessed @entity716 , the positive and negative symptoms, medication, anancasm and @entity308 . Tolerance of ambiguity decreased in the following sequence: artists - members of the staff - neurotic in- @entity1 - @entity161 in- @entity1 . It became evident that in the @entity161 group negative symptoms negatively correlates with tolerance of ambiguity. The results seem to confirm the hypothesis that there is a positive correlation between tolerance of ambiguity and creativity. In addition, the higher degree of intolerance of ambiguity in @entity161 @entity1 may represent a protective mechanism. Intolerance of ambiguity possibly protects from too many contradictory informations. Furthermore the necessity is confirmed that creative therapy methods should be carefully chosen to avoid irritation on the one hand and not to neglect the required training of creative basic functions on the other hand. Although our results weaken the thesis that @entity146 is generally associated with an increase of creativity they don't exclude that highly creative performances in some individuals are possible who are especially talented in spite of or even because of their emotional suffering.

title: [Tolerance of ambiguity, art therapy and XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric illness', 'psychiatric illnesses and psychopathological conditions']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenic']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychotic symptoms']

answer: @entity146 :: (MESH:D001523,Disease) :: ['psychiatric illness']


abstract: Passage of spermatozoa through the epididymis and emission of sperm during ejaculation are based on spontaneous and induced contractions of epididymal peritubular muscle layers. This study deals with the ejaculation-relevant factors @entity1063 (NA) and @entity398 (OT) and their contractile effects in the course of the @entity291 epididymal duct. Muscle tension recording revealed excitatory effects of NA in all duct regions. A peculiarity was found in a duct section between the mid-cauda and ductus deferens, where the responsiveness to NA was particularly faint in comparison with the adjacent regions. NA-induced contraction was primarily mediated by postjunctional alpha(2)-adrenoceptors (ADRA) in the caput and corpus regions, and by alpha(1)-ADRA in the cauda region. Contrary to NA, OT exerted regionally varying effects. The peptide induced contraction in intact and epithelium-denuded caput as well as in epithelium-denuded corpus segments but had a relaxant net effect in intact corpus and proximal cauda segments. Within the mid-cauda, OT evoked strong contraction, which progressively decreased distally. Receptor specificity of the epididymal OT effects was verified using the selective @entity63995 ( @entity63995 ) agonist [Thr(4), @entity4022 (7)]OT and vasopressin. @entity63995 immunoreactivity was detected in the epididymal peritubular muscle wall and epithelial principal cells. RT-PCR analysis confirmed the presence of @entity63995 in all duct regions. In summary, different contractile responses to OT and NA occur in the course of the epididymal duct, possibly preventing excessive sperm transport through the corpus and serving orthograde emission of sperm during ejaculation.

title: Differential modulation of @entity291 epididymal activity by @entity398 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity398 :: ('MESH:D010121', 'Chemical') :: ['oxytocin']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['noradrenaline']

answer: @entity1063 :: (MESH:D009638,Chemical) :: ['noradrenaline']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity7492 ( @entity7492 ) is the most common @entity5 of the pediatric age group, affecting up to 4% of newborns ranging from inconsequential blemishes, to highly aggressive @entity5 . Following well defined growth phases (proliferative, plateau involutional) @entity7492 usually regress into a fibro-fatty residuum. Despite the high prevalence of @entity7492 , little is known regarding the pathogenesis of disease. A reported six fold decrease in @entity5100 expression (correlating with transformation of proliferative to @entity75 ) prompted us to study the @entity5100 axis further. We demonstrate that @entity5100 expression in @entity7492 is strongly related to the expression of a @entity5 testes and suspected oncogene @entity23797 (paralog of @entity34650 ), placing @entity7492 in the unique category of being the first known benign @entity23797 positive @entity5 . @entity5100 expression was strongly and positively related to @entity23797 transcript expression. Furthermore, a stronger association was made when comparing @entity23797 levels against the expression of @entity34650 via either a percentage or difference between the two. A common @entity6344 polymorphism at @entity34650 BS6 appeared to modify the correlation between @entity34650 / @entity23797 and @entity5100 expression in a parent of origin specific manner. Moreover, these effects may have phenotypic consequences as @entity5 growth also correlates with the genotype at @entity34650 BS6. This may provide a framework for explaining the clinical variability seen in @entity7492 and suggests new insights regarding @entity34650 and @entity23797 related functionality in both normal and malignant states.

title: A Common Polymorphism within the XXXX Imprinting Control Region Is Associated with Parent of Origin Specific Effects in Infantile Hemangiomas.

entities_list: @entity6344 :: ('c|SUB|C||T', 'DNAMutation') :: ['C/T']

entities_list: @entity7492 :: ('MESH:C535860', 'Disease') :: ['Infantile hemangioma', 'IH']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['involuted lesions']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'tumors']

answer: @entity5100 :: (3481,Gene) :: ['IGF2']


abstract: Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) was employed to assess the diversity in the elite germplasm collection of @entity21521 , which has gained tremendous significance as a biofuel plant in India and many other countries recently. Forty-eight accessions, collected from six different states of India, were used with seven AFLP primer combinations that generated a total of 770 fragments with an average of 110 fragments per primer combination. A total of 680 (88%) fragments showed polymorphism in the germplasm analyzed, of which 59 (8.7%) fragments were unique (accession specific) and 108 (15.9%) fragments were rare (present in less than 10% accessions). In order to assess the discriminatory power of seven primer combinations used, a variety of marker attributes like polymorphism information content (PIC), @entity2100 ( @entity2100 ) and resolving power (RP) values were calculated. Although the PIC values ranged from 0.20 ( @entity930 /M- @entity8268 ) to 0.34 (E-ACT/M-CTT) with an average of 0.26 per primer combination and the @entity2100 values were observed in the range of 17.60 ( @entity930 /M-CAA) to 32.30 (E-ACT/M-CTT) with an average of 25.13 per primer combination, the RP was recognized the real attribute for AFLP to determine the discriminatory power of the primer combination. The RP values for different primer combinations varied from 23.11 ( @entity930 /M-CAA) to 46.82 (E-ACT/M-CTT) with an average of 35.21. Genotyping data obtained for all 680 polymorphic fragments were used to group the accessions analyzed using the UPGMA-phenogram and principal component analysis (PCA). Majority of groups obtained in phenogram and PCA contained accessions as per geographical locations. In general, accessions coming from Andhra Pradesh were found diverse as these were scattered in different groups, whereas accessions coming from Chhattisgarh showed occurrence of higher number of unique/rare fragments. Molecular diversity estimated in the present study combined with the datasets on other morphological/agronomic traits will be very useful for selecting the appropriate accessions for plant improvement through conventional as well as molecular breeding approaches.

title: AFLP-based molecular characterization of an elite germplasm collection of XXXX ., a biofuel plant.

entities_list: @entity21521 :: ('180498', 'Species') :: ['Jatropha curcas']

entities_list: @entity2100 :: ('MESH:D005600', 'Disease') :: ['marker index', 'MI']

answer: @entity21521 :: (180498,Species) :: ['Jatropha curcas L']


abstract: The ability of quantitative thallium-201 scintigraphy to predict the extent and location of @entity453 before hospital discharge after @entity583 was evaluated in 52 @entity1 . All @entity1 underwent coronary angiography and serial thallium-201 imaging either at rest (10 @entity1 ) or after submaximal exercise stress (42 @entity1 ; target heart rate 120 beats/min). Two or three @entity66 was designated if abnormal thallium-201 uptake or washout patterns, or both, were seen in two or three vascular segments, respectively. Of 156 vessels analyzed in the 52 @entity1 , 91 stenoses of 70 percent or greater were found by angiography. Seventy-four (81 percent) of these were predicted by scintigraphy. The specificity of scintigraphy for identifying vessel stenoses was 92 percent. Sensitivity for detecting and localizing stenoses supplying an @entity1188 zone was 96 percent compared with 62 percent for stenoses supplying myocardium remote from the acute @entity1188 . Perfusion abnormalities were more frequently seen in the distribution of vessels with severe (90 percent or greater) stenoses than in those with moderate (70 to 90 percent) stenoses (87 versus 53 percent, p less than 0.01). Scintigraphy detected a greater proportion of left anterior descending and right coronary arterial stenoses than circumflex stenoses (91 and 87 versus 63 percent, respectively, p less than 0.006). In the 42 @entity1 who underwent submaximal exercise testing, multivariate analysis of 23 clinical and laboratory variables identified multiple thallium-201 defects as the best predictor of multivessel disease. The predictive accuracy of exercise-induced @entity308 was only 45 percent compared with 88 percent (p less than 0.05) for thallium-201 scintigraphy. Thus, 2 weeks after @entity583 , exercise thallium-201 scintigraphy is useful for predicting the extent and location of @entity453 , particularly stenoses in the left anterior descending and right coronary arteries. Moreover, @entity3154 imaging at rest is reliable in assessing the extent of @entity301 in hospitalized @entity1 who cannot undergo exercise testing because of @entity1459 , uncompensated @entity712 , poorly controlled @entity943 or physical limitations.

title: Predicting the extent and location of XXXX during the early postinfarction period by quantitative thallium-201 scintigraphy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['S-T segment depression']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'acute myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['vessel disease']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary disease']

entities_list: @entity1459 :: ('MESH:D000789', 'Disease') :: ['unstable angina']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmias']

answer: @entity453 :: (MESH:D003324,Disease) :: ['coronary artery disease']


abstract: OBJECT: @entity5039 ( @entity5039 ) is a progressive @entity2526 affecting predominantly older @entity1 . It is also known as @entity5039 ( @entity5039 ) and is characterized by @entity3057 that forms a bridge on the anterior border of the thoracic and subaxial cervical spine. To the authors' knowledge, retroodontoid masses associated with @entity5039 have not been described. METHODS: Five @entity1 with @entity5039 and multilevel subaxial cervical fusion were treated for retroodontoid masses and cervicomedullary junction (CMJ) compression. There were four @entity1 and one @entity1 (mean age 73 years, range 54-86 years). All @entity1 suffered progressive @entity16 resulting from anterior compression of the CMJ. Four @entity1 underwent combined transoral resection of the ligamentous mass followed by an occipitocervical fusion procedure. One @entity1 with circumferential CMJ compression underwent a posterior decompression and occipitocervical fusion. Histopathological examination of the mass showed @entity1184 . Early postoperative neurological improvement was noted in all @entity1 . The follow-up period ranged from 4 to 19 months. At the end of the follow-up period, four @entity1 experienced neurological improvement. One @entity1 died 3 weeks postsurgery of @entity358 . CONCLUSIONS: The osseous elements of the occipitoatlantoaxial complex are not directly affected by @entity5039 . The ligamentous structures of the odontoid process, however, are exposed to significantly altered biomechanics resulting from fusion of the subaxial cervical spine associated with @entity5039 . Stress-induced compensatory ligamentous hypertrophic changes at the craniovertebral junction cause CMJ compression and subsequent @entity16 . This previously undescribed entity should be considered in @entity1 with @entity5039 or @entity5039 who present with progressive @entity1688 . Transoral decompression and posterior fusion are often needed in @entity1 with large masses and severe progressive @entity51 . Selected @entity1 with smaller masses and milder @entity16 may be treated with posterior fusion alone.

title: XXXX associated with a retroodontoid mass causing cervicomedullary compression.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1688 :: ('MESH:D011782', 'Disease') :: ['quadriparesis']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophic degenerative fibrocartilage']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deterioration', 'neurological symptoms']

entities_list: @entity5039 :: ('MESH:D004057', 'Disease') :: ['diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis', 'FD', 'Forestier Disease', 'DISH']

entities_list: @entity2526 :: ('MESH:D025063', 'Disease') :: ['skeletal disorder']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deficits']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary complications']

entities_list: @entity3057 :: ('MESH:D017887', 'Disease') :: ['massive anterior longitudinal ligament calcification']

answer: @entity5039 :: (MESH:D004057,Disease) :: ['Forestier disease']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Two-thirds of @entity1 living with @entity16090 (PLWH) show sub-optimal adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) and one-third engages in risky sex. Both non-adherence and risky sex have been associated with @entity147 and @entity23 . To allay distress and lessen @entity23 , mindfulness training (MT) can be helpful. In this trial, we will investigate the utility of phone-delivered MT for PWLH. The primary outcomes comprise feasibility and acceptability of phone-delivery; secondary outcomes are estimates of efficacy of MT on adherence to ART and safer sexual practices as well as on their hypothesized antecedents. METHODS/DESIGN: Fifty @entity1 will be enrolled in this parallel-group randomized clinical trial (RCT). Outpatients recruited from an @entity16090 treatment clinic will be randomized (1:1 ratio) to either MT or to an attention-control intervention; both interventions will be administered during 8 weekly phone calls. ART adherence (self-reported measure and unannounced phone pill counts), @entity146 (self-reports and biomarkers), mindfulness, @entity308 , stress, and @entity23 will be measured at baseline, post-intervention, and 3months post-intervention. CONCLUSIONS: MT has great potential to help PLWH to manage stress, @entity308 , and @entity23 . Positive changes in these antecedents are expected to improve safer sex practices and ART adherence. If results from this exploratory trial support our hypotheses, we will conduct a large RCT to test (a) the efficacy of MT on ART adherence and safer sex practices and (b) the hypothesis that improved ART adherence and safer sex will reduce viral load, and decrease the incidence of @entity2953 , respectively.

title: Phone-delivered mindfulness training to promote medication adherence and reduce sexual risk behavior among XXXX living with @entity16090 : Design and methods.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'people']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive symptoms', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity2953 :: ('MESH:D012749', 'Disease') :: ['sexually transmitted infections']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['sexual behavior']

entities_list: @entity147 :: ('MESH:D005316', 'Disease') :: ['emotional distress']

entities_list: @entity23 :: ('MESH:D007174', 'Disease') :: ['impulsivity']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['persons']


abstract: Abstract Purpose: To determine whether topical @entity619 0.1%/ @entity4279 0.4% reduces the duration of presumed @entity24231 better than artificial tears and whether the treatment relieves the symptoms of this disease. Methods: Randomized, masked and controlled trial. One-hundred twenty-two @entity1 with a clinical diagnosis of presumed @entity24231 were randomized to either the treatment group or the control group. Physicians and @entity1 were masked to the treatment. Swabs were taken from the conjunctival fornix for adenovirus PCR analyses. @entity1 in the treatment group received topical @entity619 0.1%/ @entity4279 0.4% eye drops four times daily, and @entity1 in the placebo group received artificial tears four times daily, both for seven days. Symptoms were recorded on the day of recruitment and at the time of a follow-up examination 5, 10 and 30   d later. The main outcome was duration of the disease. The others outcomes were overall discomfort, itching, foreign body sensation, tearing, @entity4 , side effects of the eye drops, intraocular pressure and the incidence of @entity8165 . Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the treatment group and the control group in terms of the @entity1 ' symptoms, intraocular pressure and incidence of @entity2617 during the entire follow-up period. @entity1 of the treatment group reported more stinging (p   <   0.001) and a shorter @entity2024 duration (9.4        4.6   d in the @entity619 0.1%/ @entity4279 0.4% group versus 11.8        4.9   d in the artificial tears group, p   =   0.009). Conclusions: The use of topical @entity619 0.1%/ @entity4279 0.4% eye drops four times daily appears to reduce the duration of @entity2024 , although it causes more stinging than artificial tears.

title: XXXX /Povidone Eye Drops versus Artificial Tears for Treatment of Presumed @entity24231 : A Randomized Clinical Trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity8165 :: ('MESH:C567547', 'Disease') :: ['subepithelial corneal infiltrates']

entities_list: @entity2617 :: ('MESH:D017254', 'Disease') :: ['subepithelial cornea infiltrates']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['redness, eyelid swelling']

entities_list: @entity4279 :: ('MESH:D011206', 'Chemical') :: ['povidone-iodine']

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['dexamethasone']

entities_list: @entity24231 :: ('MESH:D003236', 'Disease') :: ['viral conjunctivitis']

entities_list: @entity2024 :: ('MESH:D003231', 'Disease') :: ['conjunctivitis']

answer: @entity619 :: (MESH:D003907,Chemical) :: ['Dexamethasone']


abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and tolerance of combined @entity2600 and @entity1206 in previously treated @entity1 with stage IIIB and @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ). Thirty-three @entity1 with @entity1149 (7 stage IIIB and 26 stage IV) were enrolled. All had been previously treated with @entity900 , @entity1311 , and @entity136 as first-line chemotherapy. In addition, 24 @entity1 had received radiotherapy. @entity2600 (300 mg/m(2)) was administered on day 1 and @entity1206 (30 mg/m(2)) on days 1 and 14, every 4 weeks. Partial response was achieved in 3 @entity1 (9%; 95% CI: 2-24%), @entity66 ( @entity66 ) in 13 (39%; 95% CI: 23-58%), whereas 17 @entity1 progressed (51%; 95% CI: 33-69%). Median event-free survival was 10 weeks and median overall survival was 25 weeks. Three @entity1 were event free at the end of the study with a follow-up of 40, 73, and 75 weeks. @entity137 was mild, with @entity1431 grade III-IV in 8.6% of cycles. No episodes of @entity294 were observed. Three @entity1 died early after administration of this combination, one of them in the context of severe @entity1431 and @entity882 . Approximately 50% of @entity1 treated with @entity2600 and @entity1206 in combination show partial response or @entity66 with minimal @entity137 .

title: Second-line chemotherapy with @entity2600 and @entity1206 in stage IIIB and XXXX : a phase II study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'Toxicity']

entities_list: @entity2600 :: ('MESH:C051890', 'Chemical') :: ['Irinotecan', 'irinotecan', 'CPT-11']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['stable disease', 'SD']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea III-IV']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'IV non-small-cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity1206 :: ('MESH:C030852', 'Chemical') :: ['vinorelbine']

entities_list: @entity1431 :: ('MESH:D007970', 'Disease') :: ['leukopenia']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['gemcitabine']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['IV non-small-cell lung cancer']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Periodic acceleration (pGz) is a non-invasive method of increasing pulsatile shear stress to the endothelium. pGz is achieved by the sinusoidal head to foot motion to the supine body. pGz increases endogenous production of @entity842 in whole animal models and isolated perfused vessel preparations, and is cardioprotective when applied prior to, during and after @entity63 reperfusion. In part, the protective effects of pGz are attributable to @entity842 (NO). The purpose of this investigation was to determine whether pGz up-regulates NOS isoforms in the endomyocardium. METHODS AND RESULTS: Fifteen @entity1707 weight 15-20 kg, were anesthetized, instrumented to measure hemodynamics and randomized. Ten animals received 1h of pGz at 180 cycles/min and Gz+/-3.9 m/s(2) [pGz] in addition to conventional ventilatory support and five served as time controls. RESULTS: pGz produced a 2.3+/-0.4 and a 6.6+/-0.1 fold significant increase in eNOS and phosphorylated eNOS, 3.6+/-1.1 fold increase in @entity64726 , and no significant change in iNOS. pGz also produced a 2.4+/-0.3 and 3.9+/-0.2 folds significant increase in both total(t- @entity26439 ) and phosphorylated (p- @entity26439 ) @entity26439 . CONCLUSIONS: pGz is associated with an increase in both total and phosphorylated eNOS and @entity64726 protein expression in endomyocardium, and induced significant increase in total and phosphorylated- @entity26439 . The data indicates that pGz is a novel method to induce eNOS and @entity64726 production in the endomyocardium. Therefore, pGz may serve as a powerful non-invasive intervention to activate the beneficial cardiac effects of endothelial and neuronal NOS.

title: Periodic acceleration (pGz) acutely increases endothelial and neuronal @entity842 synthase expression in endomyocardium of normal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

answer: @entity1707 :: (9823,Species) :: ['swine']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: To evaluate visual pattern parameters obtained with hysteroscopy for the prediction of @entity1204 , to evaluate observer variation of these parameters, and to present a scoring system of the parameters for the prediction of @entity5 compared with subjective evaluation. DESIGN: A prospective controlled study (Canadian Task Force classification II-1). SETTING: A university clinic. @entity1 : One hundred forty-nine consecutive @entity1 with @entity548 and an endometrium thickness >=  5 mm. Sixty-one (41%) had @entity1204 . Forty-six of 149 @entity1 were referred based on suspected @entity5 . INTERVENTIONS: Endometrial pattern characteristics for @entity1204 were evaluated in hysteroscopic video clips. The reference standard was pathologic evaluation of resectoscopic samples or hysterectomy. Using multivariate logistic regression, image parameters were correlated with the presence of @entity1204 . A scoring system of visual parameters for the prediction of @entity5 was compared with subjective evaluation of @entity5 . MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: A score for lesion surface, @entity39 , and vessels had an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.89, 0.89, and 0.87, respectively. A hysteroscopic @entity5 (HYCA) scoring system based on unsmooth lesion surface, papillary projections, surface @entity39 , "candy floss" @entity39 , white hyperintense @entity1867 , irregular branching vessels, and irregular distribution of irregular vessels was able to predict @entity5 (AUC = 0.964) with higher accuracy than subjective evaluation (AUC = 0.859, p < .01). At a score value >=  3, sensitivity was 89% and specificity was 92% with moderate agreement between observers (kappa = 0.56 [0.42-0.71]). CONCLUSION: A systematic pattern evaluation of optimal parameters by a HYCA scoring system based on systematically defined terms may increase accuracy in the diagnosis of @entity1204 and should be further elaborated and external validity tested in unselected @entity1 with @entity548 .

title: Structured Hysteroscopic Evaluation of Endometrium in @entity1 With XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1204 :: ('MESH:D016889', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['postmenopausal bleeding']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'malignancy']

answer: @entity548 :: (MESH:D006470,Disease) :: ['Postmenopausal Bleeding']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the hemostatic efficacy and handling of gelatin-thrombin matrix in abdominal myomectomy. DESIGN: Prospective and randomized trial. SETTING: University teaching hospital. @entity1 (S): @entity1 (n = 50) with uterine fibroids with a uterine size equivalent to > or =16 weeks gestation. INTERVENTION(S): Gelatin-thrombin matrix (FloSeal Matrix; Baxter Healthcare Corp., Fremont, CA) was delivered to the site of the uterine bleeding during myomectomy. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): @entity1 age, parity, number of @entity1868 , operative time, @entity190 , transfusion, intraoperative and @entity260 , and length of hospitalization were evaluated. RESULT(S): The average @entity190 during surgery was 80 +/- 25.5 mL for the FloSeal group and 625 +/- 120.5 mL for the control group. Intraoperative blood transfusion was necessary in five @entity1 from the control group. @entity86 was 25 +/- 5 mL for the FloSeal group and 250 +/- 75 mL for the control group. Length of the postoperative hospital stay was 2.5 +/- 1.2 days for FloSeal group and 4.5 +/- 1.3 for the control group. No major immediate or delayed complications were observed in either group. CONCLUSION(S): Reductions in @entity548 in FloSeal-treated @entity1 undergoing a myomectomy are encouraging, and provide evidence for the ability of gelatin-thrombin matrix to reduce @entity190 when applied immediately and directly to bleeding uterine tissue.

title: Reducing XXXX at myomectomy with use of a gelatin-thrombin matrix hemostatic sealant.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'Women', 'Patient', 'PATIENT']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative blood loss']

answer: @entity190 :: (MESH:D006473,Disease) :: ['blood loss']


abstract: Activating mutations of Ras have been implicated in approximately 30% of @entity1 @entity5 . In every case, the biochemical consequence of such mutations is to disrupt the GTPase activity of Ras and to render Ras resistant to the actions of GTPase activating proteins. Consequently, oncogenic Ras mutants are "locked" in a @entity3007 -bound active state. We detected a potent activity in @entity526 extract that can efficiently convert mutationally activated @entity3007 -bound Ras to the inactive @entity3006 -bound form. Purification of the protein responsible for this activity led to the identification of the enzyme @entity5688 kinase ( @entity45630 ). The @entity1 orthologue of @entity45630 is the @entity18962 @entity3 suppressor, which we found to exhibit a similar activity. Purified @entity45630 effectively inactivates several of the oncogenic forms of Ras that are seen frequently in @entity1 @entity5 , including RasD12, the most commonly detected Ras mutation. Significantly, @entity45630 does not detectably affect wild-type Ras or an activated form of the Ras-related Rho GTPase. These results demonstrate that it is possible, through biochemical means, to specifically inactivate oncogenic Ras as a potential therapeutic approach to @entity5 that harbor Ras mutations. Moreover, the results suggest that the loss of @entity18962 expression that is commonly observed during @entity5 progression could lead to increased potency of oncogenic Ras proteins.

title: Specific biochemical inactivation of oncogenic Ras proteins by XXXX kinase.

entities_list: @entity5688 :: ('CHEBI:16862', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleoside diphosphate']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancers', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

answer: @entity5688 :: (CHEBI:16862,Chemical) :: ['nucleoside diphosphate']


abstract: A large single-strain outbreak of @entity2176 -resistant @entity6375 (VREF) vanB occurred in Royal Perth Hospital from July to December 2001. When a VREF-carrying @entity1 was discovered on a ward, all @entity1 on the ward were screened with rectal swabs. A total of 172 @entity1 were colonised, four with @entity281 , but no deaths were attributable to VREF. The number of rectal swabs required to detect each carrier was recorded. On average four rectal swabs, each collected on separate days, were needed to detect more than 90 per cent of the 172 VREF carriers who were epidemiologically linked to the Royal Perth Hospital outbreak. An electronic alert system (Micro-Alert) was used to identify ward contacts of VREF carriers and enabled those who had not been screened before discharge to be followed-up and screened. Ninety-six contacts were actively followed-up in October 2001 and 32 (33.3%) were found to be VREF carriers. From 28 September 2001 to 30 April 2002, a total of 1,977 ward contacts were screened after discharge from hospital and 54 (2.73%) were found to be carrying VREF. We conclude that during single-strain outbreaks of @entity2176 -resistant enterococci in hospitals, @entity1 contacts need to be screened on more than three occasions in order to detect most of the carriers and control the outbreak. Secondly, electronic labelling and active follow-up of ward contacts of VREF carriers resulted in a significant number of carriers being detected who otherwise posed a risk of initiating further outbreaks in hospitals if they were readmitted.

title: Screening and electronic labelling of ward contacts of XXXX -resistant @entity6375 vanB carriers during a single-strain hospital outbreak and after discharge from hospital.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity2176 :: ('MESH:D014640', 'Chemical') :: ['vancomycin']

entities_list: @entity6375 :: ('1352', 'Species') :: ['Enterococcus faecium']

answer: @entity2176 :: (MESH:D014640,Chemical) :: ['vancomycin']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The renin- @entity7774 system (RAS) was initially considered as a circulating humoral system, which function is the regulation of blood pressure. However, it is now known that there exists local RAS in many tissues, including brain. In recent studies, we have demonstrated the presence of a local RAS in the substantia nigra of rodents and primates that modulates @entity935 release and @entity935 receptor expression. However, overactivation of local RAS exacerbates neuroinflammation, oxidative stress and dopaminergic cell death. In the striatum, it is not clear whether @entity7774 receptors are located in dopaminergic terminals, glial cells and/or the projection neurons. The present study shows the location of major components of the RAS in striatal projection neurons of @entity35 and monkeys (both in neurons of the direct and the indirect pathways). Striatal astrocytes and microglial cells also express major RAS components, which increase after induction of neuroinflammation by intrastriatal injection of lipopolysaccharide. @entity7774 receptors were located at the cell surface and also at cytoplasmic and nuclear levels. The results obtained by immunolabeling and confocal microscopy were confirmed with laser microdissection of striatal neurons and glial cells and detection of mRNA expression by PCR. The sequence of the resulting PCR products was verified by DNA sequencing. In addition to the interaction between @entity7774 and @entity935 receptors in dopaminergic neurons to regulate @entity935 release, interaction between @entity7774 and @entity935 receptors in projection striatal neurons may further modulate the effects of @entity935 on the direct and indirect pathways by fine-tuning striatal dopaminergic neurotransmission.

title: Expression of angiotensinogen and receptors for @entity7774 and prorenin in the XXXX and monkey striatal neurons and glial cells.

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity7774 :: ('MESH:D000809', 'Chemical') :: ['Angiotensin', 'angiotensin']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: AIM OF THE STUDY: The main purpose of this study is to assess the known adverse effects of adjuvant endocrine therapy for non-metastatic @entity0 @entity1 and to present our single center experience with light of literature. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The @entity0 @entity1 treated with adjuvant radiotherapy in Medical School of Ege University between January 2007 and December 2009 were evaluated for this trial after obtaining their acceptance. Vital findings, bone mineral densitometry, endometrium thickness measured with trans-vaginal ultrasonography, biochemical results including liver function tests and blood lipid profile (total @entity165 , HDL, LDL, VLDL, @entity412 ) were recorded for each controls. Socio-demographic data, financial statuses, medical history, co-morbid diseases were obtained from first controls. @entity1 were followed without any local recurrence and distant metastases until June 2011. RESULTS: Endometrium thickness was not seen in AI using @entity1 . As compared with @entity440 group, lack of thickness in AI group was statistically significant (p = 0.000). When compared the values before AI, the number of @entity1 who had @entity170 was gradually increasing. The decrease was seen in the number of @entity1 with @entity2331 . The number of @entity1 with normal lipid profile was gradually increasing up to the second evaluation for @entity440 group (p = 0.000). On the other hand, the number of @entity1 with @entity407 was increasing for AIs group in follow-up period statistically (p = 0.006). CONCLUSIONS: With the aid of careful @entity1 follow and effective disease management strategies, the negative effect over the QoL can be minimized and also the greatest benefit from endocrine therapy can be obtained.

title: XXXX : single institute experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity407 :: ('MESH:D006949', 'Disease') :: ['hyperlipidemia']

entities_list: @entity440 :: ('MESH:D013629', 'Chemical') :: ['tamoxifen']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity2331 :: ('MESH:D001851', 'Disease') :: ['osteopenia']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['Adverse effects of endocrine therapy in breast cancer']


abstract: @entity2414 affects 50% of @entity15 ( @entity15 ) @entity1 . Altered resting-state functional connectivity (FC) has been observed in the default network (DN) of @entity15 @entity1 . No study to date has examined the association of DN FC to its behavioral concomitant, memory. The approach of the present study represents a methodological shift allowing straightforward interpretation of FC alterations in @entity15 , as it presupposes specificity of a network to its paired cognitive function. We examined FC from fMRI collected during rest in the DN of 43 @entity15 @entity1 with and without @entity2414 . Memory-intact @entity1 showed increased DN FC relative to @entity2414 @entity1 . There were no regions of higher FC in @entity2414 @entity1 . DN FC was positively correlated with memory function, such that higher FC was associated with better memory performance. Results were unchanged after controlling for cognitive efficiency, supporting specificity of the DN to memory and not cognitive status more generally. These findings support DN FC as a marker of memory function in @entity15 @entity1 that can be targeted by future treatment interventions. Pairing a functional network with its behavioral concomitant represents a straightforward method for interpreting FC alterations in @entity1 with @entity15 . (JINS, 2014, 20, 1-8).

title: Default Network Connectivity Is Linked to Memory Status in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['Memory impairment', 'memory-impairment', 'memory-impaired']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['MS', 'multiple sclerosis']

answer: @entity15 :: (MESH:D009103,Disease) :: ['Multiple Sclerosis']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity5 of the bladder account for fewer than 5% of all @entity150 . @entity242 constitutes the most usual mesenchymal malignancy of the bladder, with @entity1822 being the most common type of @entity242 in adults. @entity1 AND METHODS: The records of seven @entity1 presenting to two different institutions with @entity1494 between 2003 and 2007 and between 2000 and 2007, respectively, were examined. Cystoscopy, with transurethral resection of the @entity150 was initially performed in all @entity1 , with @entity1822 being initially diagnosed on the basis of examination of the transurethral specimen. RESULTS: There were N = 5 @entity1 and N = 2 @entity1 with a median age of 64.8 years at presentation. All seven @entity1 underwent a definitive surgical procedure. Complete resection with negative surgical margins was achieved in all seven @entity1 (100%). MSKCC stage included 86% of @entity1 with stage 3 (N = 6) and 14% with stage 2 (N = 1). A low-grade @entity5 was evident in one @entity1 only, with the remaining 86% exhibiting a high-grade @entity5 . DISCUSSION: @entity1822 of the bladder have always been considered as a highly @entity146 entity and little is known about their origin, clinicopathologic presentation, and the survival factors associated with them. Contemporary studies suggest that these @entity5 may have a better prognosis than once believed. @entity1822 require @entity146 surgical extirpation and, when surgical resection is possible, radical cystectomy with wide margins is the rule and should be performed. Strict adherence to standard surgical technique has resulted in low rates of positive surgical margins and low rates of local @entity5 recurrence.

title: Urinary XXXX in adults.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS', 'men']

entities_list: @entity242 :: ('MESH:D012509', 'Disease') :: ['sarcoma', 'Sarcoma']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bladder leiomyosarcomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Non-urothelial neoplasms', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive']

entities_list: @entity1822 :: ('MESH:D007890', 'Disease') :: ['leiomyosarcoma', 'Leiomyosarcomas', 'leiomyosarcomas']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder tumor', 'bladder tumors']

answer: @entity1494 :: (MESH:D001745,Disease) :: ['bladder leiomyosarcoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To assess the value of sputum induction (SI) as a diagnostic tool for @entity1 with suspected @entity1907 ( @entity1907 ) who are unable to expectorate or who have a negative sputum smear. DESIGN: Study of an inpatient cohort undergoing SI. SETTING: Mseleni Hospital, a rural district hospital in northern KwaZulu-Natal. SUBJECTS: All adult @entity1 with suspected @entity1906 seen at the hospital over a 4-month period. OUTCOME MEASURES: (i) Successful SI; (ii) sputum acid-fast smear result; (iii) change of admission diagnosis as a result of the induction procedure; and (iv) number of @entity1 discharged with a diagnosis other than @entity1906 who represented within 4 months with @entity1906 . RESULTS: A total of 51 @entity1 (31 female) underwent SI; of these 36 (71%) were able to produce a sputum sample. Fifteen (42%) of those were acid-fast smear-positive (29% of all @entity1 included). The admission diagnosis was changed in 16 (44%) of the @entity1 who were able to give an induced sputum sample as opposed to 4 (27%) who had been unable to expectorate despite an induction attempt (P = 0.38). Three (12.5%) of the 24 @entity1 with a discharge diagnosis other than @entity1906 (17 @entity55 , 3 old @entity1906 , 2 @entity2 , 1 @entity4595 ) turned out to have @entity1906 within the follow-up period; 2 of those had extrapulmonary @entity1906 . CONCLUSION: SI produced a positive smear result in 29% of @entity1 with suspected @entity1906 who had previously been smear-negative or unable to expectorate. The method proved an aid to clinical decision making.

title: Suspected XXXX in rural South Africa--sputum induction as a simple diagnostic tool?

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma of the lung']

entities_list: @entity4595 :: ('MESH:D001987', 'Disease') :: ['bronchiectasis']

entities_list: @entity1907 :: ('MESH:D014397', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary tuberculosis', 'PTB']

answer: @entity1907 :: (MESH:D014397,Disease) :: ['pulmonary tuberculosis']


abstract: To compare, in terms of compliance, @entity137 , quality of life (QOL) and efficacy, intravenous @entity1487 plus @entity4181 with oral tegafur- @entity5537 plus @entity4181 as postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy after curative resection in @entity1 with @entity5 . Among all @entity1 with @entity694 operated on between July 1997 and June 1999, 122 with @entity5 were enrolled in this study. Fifty-three @entity1 were treated with intravenous @entity1487 plus @entity4181 ( @entity1487 group) and 69 with oral tegafur- @entity5537 plus @entity4181 (UFT group). Compliance, @entity137 , QOL and efficacy were evaluated. Compared with the @entity1487 group, @entity1 in the UFT group experienced a lower incidence of grade 1 @entity137 . The incidences of grade 2-4 @entity137 were similar in the two treatment groups. However, severe @entity137 (grade 3 or 4) was rare in both groups. A steady and significant increase of the QOL score, both during and after therapy, was evident in both groups suggesting that chemotherapy is quite tolerable and does not deteriorate the @entity1 ' QOL. At the median follow-up duration of 28 months, the survival rate and disease free survival rate for the UFT and @entity1487 groups were 94.9% vs. 92.5% and 87.5% vs. 84.1%, respectively (p > 0.05). These data suggest that oral tegafur- @entity5537 modulated with oral @entity4181 as an adjuvant chemotherapy in @entity1 with @entity5 may be a good alternative to infusional @entity1487 .

title: Oral tegafur- XXXX plus @entity4181 versus intravenous @entity1487 plus @entity4181 as adjuvant chemotherapy of @entity694 .

entities_list: @entity4181 :: ('MESH:D002955', 'Chemical') :: ['folinic acid']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ["Dukes' stage B2 and C2 colon cancer", "Dukes' stage B2 or C2 colon cancer"]

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma of the colon']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['5- fluorouracil', '5-FU', '5-fluorouracil']

answer: @entity5537 :: (MESH:D014498,Chemical) :: ['uracil']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the results of plaque incision and venous patch grafting to correct the dorsal curvature associated with @entity545 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: 18 @entity1 with @entity545 were treated surgically. All of the @entity1 have @entity546 for more than one year causing intromission impossible or with some difficulty because of curvature. Median penile angulatio was 60 degrees (range 45 degrees-75 degrees). A transverse incision about 2 cm long was made on the plaque where maximal site of curvature was identified. The saphenous vein harvested from the ankle region is opened longitudinally and its endothelial surface is placed and sutured in contact with the tunical defect. RESULTS: Complete penile straightening was achieved in 16 (88.8%) cases and only two @entity1 have residual curvature less than 30 degrees permitting sexual intercourse. None of the @entity1 returned to baseline preoperative angulation state in the follow up period. 3 @entity1 (16.6%) reported penile shortening, but only one was concerned and showed dissatisfaction about it. 6 @entity1 (33.3%) have transient changes in penile sensation that resolved within 4 months. CONCLUSIONS: Plaque incision and placement of saphenous vein patch graft offers a 94.4% satisfactory result in @entity545 causing penile dorsal curvature.

title: Plaque incision and venous patch grafting for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity545 :: ('MESH:D010411', 'Disease') :: ["Peyronie's disease"]

entities_list: @entity546 :: ('MESH:D004414', 'Disease') :: ['dorsal penile curvature']

answer: @entity545 :: (MESH:D010411,Disease) :: ['Peyronie's disease']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity340 ( @entity340 ) in @entity454 is shown to be a component of @entity3147 , @entity32 , @entity731 , @entity730 . Thoracic periaortic fat tissue (T-PAFT) is shown to be increased in @entity1 with @entity454 ( @entity454 ), and has positive correlation with MIAC. Negative correlation between @entity340 and @entity560 is shown in hemodialysis (HD) @entity1 . In this study, we investigated a relationship between body composition, T-PAFT, metabolic and inflammatory parameters, and @entity340 in HD @entity1 . Seventy-six HD @entity1 (49M) were included. @entity340 is defined as bright echoes of >1   mm on one or more cusps on echocardiography. Results were expressed as the number of calcified valves (0,1,2). @entity460 , @entity3151 , @entity461 ( @entity461 ), @entity1851 ( @entity1851 ), albumin and @entity14257 levels were studied from predialysis blood samples. T-PAFT was calculated using a method with manual definition of borders on images from multislice computed tomography. Basal metabolic rate, muscle mass, total and truncal fat mass were measured by bioimpedance analysis. There were 65.8% of @entity1 who had @entity340 . @entity1 with @entity340 were older (63.5        14.6        17, P   =   0.02). T-PAFT (1599        596, 739.7        179   mm(2) , P   =   0.001) and @entity1851 (15.8        11; 11.1        13.2   mg/dL; P   =   0.04) were higher in the group with @entity340 . T-PAFT had positive correlations with @entity1851 , MIAC, body mass index (BMI) and number of calcified valves, negative correlation with left ventricular ejection fraction, and no correlation with albumin, @entity460 , @entity3151 , and @entity461 . The logistic regression analysis revealed that T-PAFT was a significant predictor of @entity340 . In this study, T-PAFT showed a positive correlation with @entity32 , @entity340 , and MIAC score in HD @entity1 . T-PAFT was a significant predictor of @entity340 .

title: Periaortic Fat Tissue: A Predictor of Cardiac Valvular Calcification, XXXX , and @entity731 Components in Hemodialysis @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein', 'CRP']

entities_list: @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['calcification (MIAC) syndrome']

entities_list: @entity3151 :: ('MESH:D010758', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphorus']

entities_list: @entity3147 :: ('MESH:D044342', 'Disease') :: ['malnutrition']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['Calcium', 'calcium']

entities_list: @entity14257 :: ('MESH:C104450', 'Chemical') :: ['25-hydroxy vitamin D']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity340 :: ('MESH:D006349', 'Disease') :: ['Cardiac valvular calcification', 'CVC']

entities_list: @entity461 :: ('5741', 'Gene') :: ['PTH', 'parathyroid hormone']

entities_list: @entity560 :: ('MESH:D014807', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin D']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage renal disease', 'ESRD']

answer: @entity32 :: (MESH:D007249,Disease) :: ['Malnutrition, Inflammation']


abstract: @entity15515 , previously known as @entity15515 bovis biotypes I and II/2, is a well-known cause of @entity295 and @entity693 in @entity1 and birds. The present case report describes an outbreak of fatal @entity295 associated with @entity34595 ( @entity34595 ) in 11 @entity233 flocks in Pennsylvania between 2010 and 2013. Affected poults were 2-3 wk of age. Major clinical observation was sudden increase in mortality among @entity233 poults without any premonitory clinical signs. Postmortem examination findings revealed @entity697 with lesions such as @entity2396 , @entity693 , @entity4558 multifocal fibrinoid @entity39 , @entity99 , @entity4713 , @entity5442 , and airsacculitis. Gram-positive cocci were isolated from several organs by routine bacterial culture. Biotyping identified bacteria as streptococci, whereas 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing identified them as S. gallolyticus subsp. pasteurianus. Antibiotic susceptibility profiles revealed that all the strains isolated were sensitive to @entity114 and @entity2929 with different sensitivity profiles for other antibacterial agents tested. The present study reports the first confirmed case of @entity697 in @entity233 poults caused by @entity15515 subsp. pasteurianus.

title: Acute XXXX caused by @entity34595 in @entity233 poults.

entities_list: @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['sepsis', 'septicemia']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute septicemia']

entities_list: @entity4713 :: ('MESH:D010007', 'Disease') :: ['osteochondritis']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity114 :: ('MESH:D010406', 'Chemical') :: ['penicillin']

entities_list: @entity2396 :: ('MESH:D010493', 'Disease') :: ['fibrinous pericarditis']

entities_list: @entity2929 :: ('MESH:D004917', 'Chemical') :: ['erythromycin']

entities_list: @entity693 :: ('MESH:D008581', 'Disease') :: ['meningitis']

entities_list: @entity15515 :: ('315405', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus', 'Streptococcus gallolyticus', 'S. gallolyticus']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatitis']

entities_list: @entity34595 :: ('197614', 'Species') :: ['S. bovis biotype II/2', 'S. gallolyticus subsp. pasteurianus']

answer: @entity295 :: (MESH:D018805,Disease) :: ['septicemia']


abstract: There is an established role for the endocytic pathway in regulation of @entity470 ( @entity470 ) signaling to downstream effectors. However, because ligand-mediated @entity470 endocytosis utilizes multiple "moving parts," dissecting the spatial versus temporal contributions has been challenging. Blocking all endocytic trafficking can have unintended effects on other receptors as well as give rise to compensatory mechanisms, both of which impact interpretation of @entity470 signaling. To overcome these limitations, we used @entity4179 ( @entity4179 ) conjugated to @entity852 beads ( @entity4179 beads). @entity4179 beads simultaneously activate the @entity470 while blocking its endocytosis and allow analysis of @entity470 signaling from the plasma membrane. @entity1 telomerase immortalized corneal epithelial (hTCEpi) cells were used to model normal epithelial cell biology. In hTCEpi cells, both cell surface and intracellular EGFRs exhibited dose-dependent increases in effector activity after 15 min of ligand stimulation, but only the @entity563 phosphorylation of @entity4104 ( @entity4104 ) was statistically significant when accounting for receptor phosphorylation. However, over time with physiological levels of receptor phosphorylation, cell surface receptors produced either enhanced or sustained @entity8047 ( @entity8047 ), Casitas @entity1892 ( @entity5315 ), and the pro-oncogene @entity7242 activity. These increases in effector communication by cell surface receptors resulted in an increase in @entity470 ubiquitylation with sustained ligand incubation. Together, these data indicate that spatial regulation of @entity470 signaling may be an important regulatory mechanism in receptor down-regulation.

title: Cell surface @entity4179 receptors increase @entity7242 and XXXX activity and receptor ubiquitylation.

entities_list: @entity852 :: ('MESH:D011137', 'Chemical') :: ['polystyrene']

entities_list: @entity8047 :: ('5609', 'Gene') :: ['mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase', 'MEK']

entities_list: @entity470 :: ('1956', 'Gene') :: ['EGFR', 'epidermal growth factor receptor']

entities_list: @entity4104 :: ('6774', 'Gene') :: ['STAT3', 'signal transducer and activator of transcription 3']

entities_list: @entity4179 :: ('1950', 'Gene') :: ['epidermal growth factor', 'EGF']

entities_list: @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ['B-lineage lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity563 :: ('CHEBI:17822', 'Chemical') :: ['serine']

answer: @entity5315 :: (867,Gene) :: ['c-Cbl']


abstract: AIM: To summarize the operative experiences for @entity2909 of esophagus. METHODS: Eight cases of @entity2910 ( @entity2910 ) whose @entity5 were bigger than 10 cm were treated surgically in our department from June 1980 to March 2004. All of these cases received barium swallow roentgenography and esophagoscopy. @entity2909 located in upper thirds of the esophagus in one case, middle thirds of the esophagus in five cases, lower thirds of the esophagus in two cases. Resection of @entity5 was performed successfully in all of these cases. Operative methods included transthoracic extramucosal enucleation and buttressing the muscular defect with pedicled great omental flap (one case), esophagectomy and esophago-gastrostomy above the arch of aorta (three cases), total esophagectomy and esophageal replacement with colon (four cases). Histological examination confirmed that all of these cases were @entity2909 . RESULTS: All of the eight @entity1 recovered approvingly with no mortality and resumed normal diet after operation. Vomiting during meals occurred in one @entity1 with esophagogastrostomy, and remained 1 mo. @entity354 occurred in one @entity1 with esophago-gastrostomy and was alleviated with medication. @entity694 ( @entity694 ) occurred in one @entity1 with colon replacement at 15 mo postoperatively. No recurrence occurred in follow-up from 6 mo to 8 years. CONCLUSION: Surgical treatment for @entity2910 is both safe and effective. The choices of operative methods mainly depend on the location and range of lesions. We prefer to treat @entity2910 via esophagectomy combined with esophago-gastrostomy or esophagus replacement with colon. The long-time quality of life is better in the latter.

title: Surgical treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity2910 :: ('MESH:D004941', 'Disease') :: ['giant esophageal leiomyoma', 'GEL']

entities_list: @entity354 :: ('MESH:D005764', 'Disease') :: ['Reflux esophagitis']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['TCS', 'Thoracic colon syndrome']

entities_list: @entity2909 :: ('MESH:D007889', 'Disease') :: ['Leiomyoma', 'giant leiomyoma', 'leiomyoma']

answer: @entity2910 :: (MESH:D004941,Disease) :: ['giant esophageal leiomyoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Phase I and pharmacokinetic study to determine the maximal tolerated dose and the recommended dose, as well as the optimal sequence of a @entity3003 / @entity901 combination delivered every 3 weeks. @entity1 AND METHODS: @entity1 received either @entity3003 [area under the curve (AUC)-based individually calculated dose (starting dose AUC 4 mg.min/ml), 1 h intravenous (i.v.) infusion] followed by @entity901 (110 mg/m(2), 2 h i.v. infusion), every 3 weeks, or the reverse sequence. RESULTS: Sixteen @entity1 were included and only one dose level was assessed. In group A, 10 @entity1 received 23 cycles of @entity3003 followed by @entity901 . In group B, 6 @entity1 received 20 cycles with the reverse sequence. Delayed recovery from hematological @entity137 was treatment-limiting, with mainly moderate @entity882 and @entity1398 as dose-limiting @entity137 for group A (5 of 10 @entity1 for each) and @entity882 for group B (3 of 6 @entity1 ). No @entity1398 or grade 3/4 non-hematological @entity137 occurred. Pharmacokinetic analysis showed similar mean total @entity902 AUCs for the two groups: 37.2 +/- 13.7 and 33.6 +/- 9.9 mg.h/l, respectively. One complete response and two partial responses (World Health Organization-International Union Against @entity5 criteria, response rate 18.8%) were seen in ovarian, @entity3270 , respectively. CONCLUSIONS: This @entity902 combination appears feasible and active at the dose of AUC 4 mg.min/ml for @entity3003 (Chatelut formula) and @entity901 110 mg/m(2); however, it does not allow a significant increase in @entity902 dose-intensity delivery.

title: Phase I and pharmacological study of an @entity901 and XXXX combination in advanced @entity5 .

entities_list: @entity901 :: ('MESH:C030110', 'Chemical') :: ['oxaliplatin']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cancer']

entities_list: @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['carboplatin']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia', 'febrile neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['platinum']

entities_list: @entity3270 :: ('MESH:D018278', 'Disease') :: ['Fallopian and neuroendocrine carcinomas']

answer: @entity3003 :: (MESH:D016190,Chemical) :: ['carboplatin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity209 has emerged as the major cause of @entity731 . The associated @entity731 is accompanied by and, in part, due to @entity32 . In an attempt to explore the molecular sources of @entity32 and possible involvement of renin-angiotensin system, we studied @entity28 Zucker @entity35 , which exhibit all features of @entity209 . METHODS: Seven-week-old male @entity28 Zucker @entity35 were randomized to @entity9886 -treated (100 mg/L drinking @entity2507 ) and untreated groups. Lean Zucker @entity35 served as controls. After four months, aortas were obtained and processed for various determinations by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot and immunohistochemical analysis for collagen type IV. RESULTS: Compared to the lean controls, @entity28 Zucker @entity35 showed significant increases in collagen staining, as well as expressions of collagen, fibronectin, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, and two major proinflammatory mediators (i.e., @entity568 and @entity657 ). This was associated with significant increases in @entity12220 and @entity2508 mitogen activated protein kinase activities, as well as marked up-regulation of @entity11154 ( @entity11154 ) mRNA expression. These abnormalities were prevented by administration of the @entity11154 blocker (ARB). CONCLUSION: The untreated @entity28 Zucker @entity35 exhibit increased matrix protein accumulation in the aorta and marked up-regulations of proinflammatory and profibrotic pathways. These abnormalities are associated with up-regulation of @entity11154 and are prevented by @entity11154 blockade pointing to the potential role of @entity11154 activation.

title: Role of AT-1 receptor in regulation of vascular XXXX , @entity568 , PAI-1, MAP kinase, and matrix expressions in @entity28 .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation', 'vascular inflammation']

entities_list: @entity657 :: ('24770(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['monocyte chemoattractant protein-1']

entities_list: @entity11154 :: ('81638(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['angiotensin II type 1 receptor', 'AT-1R']

entities_list: @entity9886 :: ('MESH:D019808', 'Chemical') :: ['losartan']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['Metabolic syndrome', 'metabolic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

answer: @entity657 :: (24770(Tax:10116),Gene) :: ['MCP-1']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: Currently, little information is available regarding the prognostic role of angiogenesis and its correlation with @entity1014 phosphorylase (dThdPase) in @entity1124 . In the present study, we aimed to evaluate whether @entity5 angiogenesis, dThdPase expression correlates with prognosis in @entity1 after radical surgical treatment for @entity1124 and to investigate the correlation between @entity5 angiogenesis and dThdPase expression. Furthermore, the role of @entity876 expression in @entity5 neovascularization was also examined in this study. METHODOLOGY: Tissue samples were taken from 32 @entity1 with @entity1124 after radical surgical treatment. Intratumoral microvessel density (IMVD) and dThdPase, @entity876 expression were examined immunohistochemically. RESULTS: Increased IMVD significantly correlated with the @entity5 size, lymph node @entity3 and advanced TNM stage (p < 0.05, respectively). Furthermore, increased IMVD correlated withpoorer survival curve (p < 0.05). A significant correlation was present between IMVD and dThdPase expression (p < 0.001), while dThdPase expression did not correlate with prognosis. @entity876 expression correlated with prognosis, whereas no significant correlation was shown between @entity876 expression and IMVD in @entity1124 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity5 angiogenesis is associated with clinicopathological factors regarding @entity5 progression and may be an important prognostic factor in @entity1124 . dThdPase plays an important role in @entity5 angiogenesis in @entity1124 . Mutant @entity876 expression may not involve in @entity5 angiogenesis in @entity1124 .

title: Prognostic role of angiogenesis and its correlations with @entity1014 phosphorylase and @entity876 expression in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1124 :: ('MESH:D021441', 'Disease') :: ['ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor']

entities_list: @entity1014 :: ('MESH:D013936', 'Chemical') :: ['Thymidine']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity1124 :: (MESH:D021441,Disease) :: ['ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreas']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Our purpose was to investigate the blood flow characteristics of benign and @entity43 . Questions posed by our research were as follows: (1) Can @entity43 be predicted by color flow Doppler imaging? (2) What are the sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of such prediction? (3) Which color flow Doppler parameter is superior in its accuracy of prediction? STUDY DESIGN: One hundred twenty-three consecutive @entity1 seen for suspected pelvic masses were evaluated by transvaginal ultrasonography and color flow Doppler imaging. A morphologic assessment was initially performed, followed by color flow Doppler analysis. A comparison of findings between the benign and @entity5 was made by analyzing different thresholds of the intratumoral pulsatility and resistance index values by means of receiver-operator characteristic curves. By calculation of the area index under each receiver-operator characteristic curve the efficiency of the pulsatility and resistance index values in predicting @entity5 was determined. RESULTS: Fifty-six benign and 23 @entity5 were pathologically confirmed. @entity1 with @entity5 were more likely to be postmenopausal and were older than @entity1 with @entity5 . @entity5 were more likely to be larger and to have either a complex or solid pattern. Absent color flow was more common in @entity5 , and increased color flow was found equally among benign and @entity5 . There was no difference in systolic, diastolic, or mean velocities between benign and @entity5 . The calculated pulsatility and resistance index values were lower in @entity1 with @entity5 compared with those with @entity5 . No significant difference exists in performance of either the pulsatility or resistance index in predicting @entity5 . The best thresholds for predicting @entity5 were obtained with a pulsatility index of 1.0 and resistance index of 0.6. CONCLUSIONS: Transvaginal ultrasonography is accurate in distinguishing benign from @entity43 . Color flow Doppler findings are not specific enough to be used independent of gray-scale ultrasonography.

title: Blood flow characteristics of XXXX : implications for @entity43 screening.

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['malignant ovarian tumors']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant tumors', 'benign tumors', 'Malignant tumors', 'malignancy']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['ovarian tumors']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity14783 ( @entity14783 ) and @entity1117 ( @entity1117 ) are @entity1200 with increased susceptibility to @entity2348 . Both carry significant morbidity and mortality rates because of invasive infections by @entity54 species. We encountered 2 @entity1 , one with @entity14783 and one with @entity1117 , in whom detection of sensitization to @entity54 species preceded the diagnosis of @entity465 . With high-dose systemic @entity288 for @entity5929 ( @entity5929 ), an @entity32 caused by sensitization to @entity54 species, @entity1997 developed in the @entity1 with @entity14783 , and the @entity1 with @entity1117 succumbed to an overwhelming @entity54 species-induced @entity55 . OBJECTIVE: We sought to assess the prevalence of sensitization to @entity54 and the presence of diagnostic criteria for @entity5929 in @entity1 with @entity1117 and @entity14783 . METHODS: We measured A fumigatus-specific serum IgE, IgG, and precipitating antibodies as indicators for A fumigatus sensitization in the sera of 18 @entity1 with neutrophil disorders (7 with @entity14783 and 11 with @entity1117 ). Hospital records were reviewed for the presence of other diagnostic criteria for @entity5929 ( @entity565 , elevated total serum IgE concentration, and @entity854 ). RESULTS: Twelve (67%) of 18 @entity1 were sensitized to A fumigatus, as evidenced by precipitating A fumigatus-specific antibodies. Six (33%) of 18 @entity1 had serologic evidence of @entity5929 . Five of those 6 @entity1 had @entity854 consistent with a diagnosis of @entity5929 . One @entity1 with @entity14783 also had @entity565 , thus fulfilling minimal essential criteria for concurrent @entity5929 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with @entity14783 and @entity1117 have a high incidence of sensitization to @entity54 species. A clinical picture indistinguishable from @entity5929 may coexist or emerge in @entity1 with @entity1117 or @entity14783 and create a major management dilemma because systemic @entity288 may accelerate tissue damage and invasive @entity364 . It is important to distinguish individuals with @entity4670 from uncomplicated classic @entity5929 .

title: Sensitization to @entity54 species in the @entity4670 XXXX and @entity14783 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity14783 :: ('MESH:D007589', 'Disease') :: ['HIE syndrome', 'HIE', 'Hyper-IgE syndrome']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory disorder']

entities_list: @entity1997 :: ('MESH:D008169', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary abscesses']

entities_list: @entity4670 :: ('MESH:D009358', 'Disease') :: ['congenital neutrophil disorders']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity2348 :: ('MESH:D001424', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial and fungal infections']

entities_list: @entity1200 :: ('MESH:D007154', 'Disease') :: ['congenital immunodeficiency diseases']

entities_list: @entity54 :: ('746128', 'Species') :: ['Aspergillus fumigatus', 'Aspergillus']

entities_list: @entity465 :: ('MESH:D007153', 'Disease') :: ['immunodeficiency']

entities_list: @entity5929 :: ('MESH:D001229', 'Disease') :: ['allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis', 'ABPA']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['radiographic abnormalities', 'radiologic abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity364 :: ('MESH:D009181', 'Disease') :: ['fungal infections']

entities_list: @entity1117 :: ('MESH:D006105', 'Disease') :: ['chronic granulomatous disease', 'CGD']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity1117 :: (MESH:D006105,Disease) :: ['chronic granulomatous disease']


abstract: Laparoscopy seems to be playing an emerging role in the management of @entity1071 . The aim of this study was to prospectively analyze personal experience evaluating the role and limits of laparoscopy in the management of @entity706 . From July 1993 to December 2000, 131 consecutive @entity1 were referred to our institution for primary diagnosis (group A, n = 70), suspected relapse (reassessment) (group B, n = 54), or staging/restaging of @entity1071 (group C, n = 7). Diagnostic and/or operative laparoscopy was performed in all @entity1 . To assess the accuracy of laparoscopy, the results were analyzed according to the indications for surgery. In all, 128 procedures were completed laparoscopically (95.5%). Conversion was required in 7 cases (5.1%). Causes of the conversions were severe @entity28 (body mass index 62.5), uncontrolled @entity954 ( @entity645 +), nondiagnostic tissue sampling (2 cases), @entity32 and perisplenic abscesses (3 cases). The results of this study highlight the safety of diagnostic and staging laparoscopy and laparoscopic splenectomy in @entity1 with @entity1071 (major complications 2.9%, perioperative mortality 0%). In all, 96.4% of @entity1 from group A and 100% of @entity1 from group B were treated on the basis of laparoscopic findings. No false negative diagnosis occurred. Laparoscopy may become the "gold standard" in the management of @entity1071 in the following settings: for the differential diagnosis of @entity99 ; when percutaneous needle biopsy fails and/or genetic analysis is needed for therapeutic decision; for the primary diagnosis and abdominal staging of @entity1 with @entity3329 in the absence of @entity1897 ; for cases of abdominal restaging after concurrent chemoradiotherapy and in cases of suspected relapse when percutaneous biopsy is not technically possible; and for @entity1 with @entity1071 when splenectomy is required. Marked @entity381 with perisplenic inflammatory reaction and lymphadenopathy in @entity645 + @entity1 should be considered possible causes of failure of the laparoscopic approach.

title: Accuracy of laparoscopy in the diagnosis and staging of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['perisplenic inflammation']

entities_list: @entity3329 :: ('MESH:D008206', 'Disease') :: ['diffuse retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy']

entities_list: @entity1071 :: ('MESH:D008232', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoproliferative diseases', 'lymphoproliferative disease']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral lymphadenopathy']

entities_list: @entity381 :: ('MESH:D013163', 'Disease') :: ['splenomegaly']

entities_list: @entity954 :: ('MESH:D016063', 'Disease') :: ['intraoperative bleeding']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic and/or splenic focal lesions']

answer: @entity1071 :: (MESH:D008232,Disease) :: ['lymphoproliferative diseases']


abstract: @entity1980 has four catalase genes--cat-1, cat-2, cat-3, and ctt-1/cat-4. cat-1 and cat-3 encode two fungal-specific large-subunit catalases CAT-1 and CAT-3 normally produced in conidia and growing hyphae, respectively. cat-2 encodes CAT-2 catalase-peroxidase normally produced in conidia. ctt-1 (or cat-4), of which expression was controlled by @entity3012 (Noguchi et al., Fungal Genet. Biol. 44, 208-218), encodes a small-subunit catalase with unknown function. To clarify the contribution of OS-2 on the regulation of CAT-1, CAT-2, and CAT-3, we performed quantitative RT-PCR and in-gel catalase activity analyses. When the hyphae were treated with a fungicide (1 mug/ml @entity18389 ) or subjected to an osmotic stress (1 M @entity5121 ), cat-1 was strongly upregulated and CAT-1 was reasonably induced in the wild-type strain. Interestingly, @entity18389 caused not only the CAT-1 induction but also a remarkable CAT-3 decrease in the wild-type hyphae, implying of an abnormal stimulation of asexual differentiation. These responses were not observed in an os-2 mutant hyphae, indicating an involvement of OS-2 in the cat-1 expression; however, os-2 was dispensable for the production of CAT-1 in conidia. In contrast, the expression of cat-2 was significantly induced by @entity1457 (45 degrees C) and that of cat-3 was moderately stimulated by an oxidative stress (50 microg/ml @entity6453 ) in both the wild-type strain and the os-2 mutant, and corresponding enzyme activities were detected after the treatments. Although basal levels of transcription of cat-1 and cat-3 in an os-2 mutant hyphae were a few-fold lower than in the wild-type hyphae, the os-2 mutant exhibited a considerably lower levels of CAT-3 activity than the wild-type strain. These findings suggest that @entity3012 regulated the expression of cat-1 and cat-3 transcriptionally, and probably that of cat-3 posttranscriptionally, even though the presence of another regulatory system for each of these two genes is evident.

title: Involvement of @entity3012 in regulation of the large-subunit catalases CAT-1 and CAT-3 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity6453 :: ('MESH:D010269', 'Chemical') :: ['methyl viologen']

entities_list: @entity3012 :: ('MESH:C567932', 'Disease') :: ['OS-2 MAP kinase']

entities_list: @entity18389 :: ('MESH:C108339', 'Chemical') :: ['fludioxonil']

entities_list: @entity5121 :: ('MESH:D013012', 'Chemical') :: ['sorbitol']

entities_list: @entity1457 :: ('MESH:D012769', 'Disease') :: ['heat shock']

entities_list: @entity1980 :: ('5141', 'Species') :: ['Neurospora crassa']

answer: @entity1980 :: (5141,Species) :: ['Neurospora crassa']


abstract: In this study, the amount of @entity12557 ( @entity12558 ) was measured spectrophotometrically at 334 nm. A spontaneous decrease in absorbency at 334 nm was detected when @entity12558 was exposed to 37 degrees C and a high pH (pH 8.0). We investigated the catalytic roles of various metal ions on the decomposition of @entity12558 . The degradation of @entity12558 (0.5 mM) was enhanced by the presence of @entity8863 and @entity3411 ions. The amount of @entity842 (NO) released from @entity12558 degradation was estimated by the Griess reaction based on @entity3542 accumulation. The results indicated that @entity3542 production was elevated at least twofold in the presence of @entity8863 . Our study further indicated that @entity8863 enhanced @entity12558 -induced apoptosis in @entity1 @entity694 29 cells. We also found that @entity920 ions modulated the expression of @entity1835 , @entity589 , and @entity588 in @entity12558 -treated HT 29 cells. The levels of @entity589 and @entity1835 proteins in treated cells were significantly elevated about fourfold to sixfold when compared with mock-treated cells 24 h after combined treatment with @entity12558 plus @entity8863 or @entity3411 . On the other hand, significant inhibition of @entity588 occurred in HT 29 cells with simultaneous treatment of @entity12558 with @entity8863 (or @entity3411 ). It seemed that @entity8863 and @entity3411 can enhance the decomposition of @entity12558 , which liberates NO to activate the pathways. Our results demonstrated that the apoptotic effects induced by @entity12558 were promoted by @entity3411 and @entity8863 through two different mechanisms: depletion of intracellular @entity2041 and triggering of NO release from @entity12558 , which then promotes NO-induced apoptosis in @entity1 cells.

title: Induction of apoptosis by @entity12557 and @entity8863 or @entity3411 ion through modulation of @entity589 , @entity1835 , and @entity588 proteins in XXXX @entity694 cells.

entities_list: @entity12557 :: ('MESH:D026422', 'Chemical') :: ['S-nitrosoglutathione']

entities_list: @entity3542 :: ('CHEBI:16301', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrite']

entities_list: @entity2041 :: ('MESH:D005978', 'Chemical') :: ['glutathione']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon adenocarcinoma HT']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: In the present study, the antinociceptive profiles of Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb extract were examined in ICR @entity19 . Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb extract administered orally (200 mg/kg) showed an antinociceptive effect as measured by the tail-flick and hot-plate tests. In addition, Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb extract attenuated the writhing numbers in the @entity1543 -induced writhing test. Furthermore, the cumulative nociceptive response time for intrathecal (i.t.) injection of substance P (0.7   g) was diminished by Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb extract. Intraperitoneal (i.p.) pretreatment with @entity3160 (a(2)-adrenergic receptor antagonist) attenuated antinociceptive effect induced by Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb extract in the writhing test. However, @entity1510 (opioid receptor antagonist) or @entity3858 ( @entity750 serotonergic receptor antagonist) did not affect antinociception induced by Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb extract in the writhing test. Our results suggest that Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb extract shows an antinociceptive property in @entity158 models. Furthermore, this antinociceptive effect of Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb extract may be mediated by a(2)-adrenergic receptor, but not opioidergic and serotonergic receptors.

title: Effect of Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb Extract on the Antinociception and Mechanisms in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3160 :: ('MESH:D015016', 'Chemical') :: ['yohimbine']

entities_list: @entity3858 :: ('MESH:D008784', 'Chemical') :: ['methysergide']

entities_list: @entity1510 :: ('MESH:D009270', 'Chemical') :: ['naloxone']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['various pain']

entities_list: @entity1543 :: ('MESH:D019342', 'Chemical') :: ['acetic acid']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['Mouse']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Despite the importance of medication adherence in @entity712 , clinically relevant cutpoints for distinguishing the level of adherence associated with outcomes are unknown. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to determine the cutpoint above which there is a positive relationship between level of medication adherence and event-free survival. METHODS: This was a longitudinal study of 135 @entity1 with @entity712 . Medication adherence was measured using a valid and objective measure, the Medication Event Monitoring System. Two indicators of adherence were assessed by the Medication Event Monitoring System (AARDEX, Union City, CA): (1) dose count, percentage of prescribed doses taken, and (2) dose days, percentage of days the correct number of doses was taken. @entity1 were followed up to 3.5 years to collect data on outcomes. A series of Kaplan-Meier plots with log-rank tests, Cox survival analyses, and receiver operating characteristic curves were assessed comparing event-free survival in @entity1 divided at one-point incremental cutpoints. RESULTS: Event-free survival was significantly better when the prescribed number of doses taken (dose count) or the correct dose (dose day) was > or =88%. This level was confirmed in a Cox regression model controlling for age, gender, ejection fraction, New York Heart Association, comorbidity, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor use, and beta-blocker use. Receiver operating characteristic curves showed that adherence rates above 88% produced the optimal combination of sensitivity and specificity with respect to predicting better event-free survival. With 88% as the adherence cutpoint, the hazard ratio for time to first event for the nonadherent group was 2.2 by dose count (P = .021) and 3.2 by dose day (P = .002). CONCLUSION: The results of this study provide clinicians and researchers with an evidence-based recommendation about the level of adherence needed to achieve optimal clinical outcomes.

title: Defining an evidence-based cutpoint for medication adherence in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['heart failure']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Diagnosis of @entity697 remains difficult in clinical practice. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical and biological features of @entity1 presenting with @entity697 , and to determine the incidence and significance of troponin I ( @entity6949 ) elevation in that context. @entity1 AND METHODS: We retrospectively included 55 @entity1 with @entity4401 . We analyzed clinical presentation, ECG recordings, biologic results, echocardiography findings and @entity6949 level. RESULTS: Fifty-five consecutive @entity1 (41 @entity1 , 54+/-18 years) with idiopathic @entity697 were included. There was a typical @entity662 in 90% of cases, whereas @entity221 and @entity2294 rub were present in 25 and 18%, respectively. ST-segment elevation was observed in 58% of the @entity1 . A rise of @entity6949 and @entity1851 was detectable in 27 and 78% of cases respectively. The following characteristics were more frequently associated with a positive @entity6949 test: younger @entity1 , recent infection and higher length-of-stay. Pericardial effusion was observed in 58% of @entity1 . @entity2293 and @entity1165 both occurred in 3 @entity1 (5%). After a mean follow-up of 33 months, recurrent @entity2396 occurred in 13% of @entity1 . A similar rate of complications was found in @entity1 with a positive or a negative @entity6949 . CONCLUSION: Clinical spectra of @entity697 have changed and some classic assumptions and descriptions, perpetuated in some publications, are outdated. Clinical presentation implies a 45-55 year-old @entity1 , with a @entity662 and ST-segment elevation, without @entity221 or @entity2294 rub, and a positive @entity6949 test in 27% of cases. Therefore, misinterpretation as other disease, especially acute @entity583 , is common and diagnosis of @entity697 remains often retrospective. In our series, a @entity6949 rise did not appear as a negative prognostic marker.

title: [Acute XXXX in the modern era: a diagnostic challenge].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS', 'man', 'men']

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['chest pain']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute pericarditis']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity2293 :: ('MESH:D002305', 'Disease') :: ['Cardiac tamponade']

entities_list: @entity2294 :: ('MESH:D010490', 'Disease') :: ['pericardial friction']

entities_list: @entity4401 :: ('MESH:D020330', 'Disease') :: ['acute idiopathic pericarditis']

entities_list: @entity2396 :: ('MESH:D010493', 'Disease') :: ['pericarditis']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

answer: @entity2396 :: (MESH:D010493,Disease) :: ['pericarditis']