abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study describes the involvement and the histological alterations found in the parotid glands of 100 @entity1 who died with @entity791 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sex, age, @entity404 cell count and clinical history were obtained from the files of 100 @entity1 who died with @entity791 . Histological analysis of the parotid glands was performed using H_E, Gomori-Grocott, Ziehl-Neelsen and @entity7642 . Histological findings were grouped in reactive, infectious, cystic, neoplastic and concomitant lesions. RESULTS: None of the @entity1 presented complaints or symptoms related to salivary gland alterations prior to @entity204 . The mean age of the @entity1 and @entity404 cell count were 36.4 years and 76.07 cells microliter-1, respectively. Histological alterations of the parotid glands were found in 51% of the @entity1 . The most common alteration was non-specific @entity7841 (29 cases), followed by infectious conditions (22 cases). @entity4593 was the most common @entity166 (10 cases), followed by @entity2803 (nine cases), cryptococcosis (three cases) and @entity3219 (two cases). @entity45 occurred in six cases, @entity4724 and @entity1893 in one case each. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that @entity66 in the parotid glands are more frequent than hitherto described in the specialized literature in @entity791 @entity1 . Clinicians should consider parotid gland involvement, when evaluating disease extension in advanced @entity791 @entity1 .

title: Parotid gland involvement in advanced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity7841 :: ('MESH:D012793', 'Disease') :: ['chronic sialadenitis']

entities_list: @entity2803 :: ('MESH:D003586', 'Disease') :: ['cytomegalovirus']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ['non-Hodgkin Lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['infection and other lesions']

entities_list: @entity4593 :: ('MESH:D009165', 'Disease') :: ['Mycobacteriosis']

entities_list: @entity45 :: ('MESH:D010181', 'Disease') :: ['Lymphoepithelial cysts']

entities_list: @entity3219 :: ('MESH:D006660', 'Disease') :: ['histoplasmosis']

entities_list: @entity7642 :: ('MESH:C029618', 'Chemical') :: ['Mucicarmine']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['infectious disease']

entities_list: @entity4724 :: ('MESH:D000235', 'Disease') :: ["Warthin's tumor"]

answer: @entity791 :: (MESH:D000163,Disease) :: ['AIDS']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The backward masking procedures that have been used in psychopathology research have confounded two types of masking mechanisms (integration and interruption) and two types of visual channels (transient and sustained). In an earlier study, we attempted to limit the masking mechanism to interruption. The current study limited the role of sustained (parvocellular) visual channels to masking performance. METHODS: Masking procedures were altered in the following two ways to reduce reliance on sustained visual channels: (1) the spatial frequency was lowered by blurring the target and (2) a location task was used instead of an identification task. @entity162 @entity1 were included to examine the specificity of deficits on these tasks to @entity161 and to test the hypothesis that @entity162 is associated with @entity854 . RESULTS: @entity161 @entity1 differed significantly from normal controls on both masking conditions. @entity162 @entity1 also showed deficits relative to normal controls. @entity162 @entity1 showed a significantly different masking function from that of @entity161 @entity1 on the location condition. CONCLUSIONS: @entity161 within masking paradigms may @entity66 in transient, as opposed to sustained, visual channels. @entity51 were also found in @entity162 @entity1 , but the underlying processes are probably different. A reformulation is offered concerning the nature of early @entity227 in @entity161 .

title: Backward masking in @entity161 and XXXX . II. Specifying the visual channels.

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['manic', 'Manic', 'mania']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual processing deficits']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['involve abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['Masking performance deficits']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['abnormalities on visuospatial tasks']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia', 'schizophrenic', 'Schizophrenic', 'Schizophrenic deficits']

answer: @entity162 :: (MESH:D001714,Disease) :: ['mania']


abstract: PURPOSE: To outline the complications encountered after endoluminal treatment in @entity1 with @entity1580 . METHODS: Between 1999 and 2001, 14 @entity1 (12 @entity1 ; mean age 60.3 years, range 39-79) with isolated @entity1580 (13 chronic, 1 acute) underwent aortic stent-grafting. Three @entity1 with chronic dissection presented an acute clinical picture and were managed emergently. The left subclavian artery was intentionally covered by the prosthesis in 9 @entity1 . Follow-up studies were performed at 6-month intervals. RESULTS: Stent-graft implantation was technically successful in all @entity1 , but incomplete sealing (endoleak) of the entry site required additional proximal stent-graft implantation in 4. The left subclavian artery remained patent in 5 @entity1 . Secondary conversion was required in 3 @entity1 : 2 for acute type A dissection resulting from injury to the aortic arch by Talent endografts and a sustained @entity548 (left hemothorax). In another @entity1 , a secondary intramural @entity1410 subsided spontaneously. @entity18213 in 1 @entity1 persisted at 1 month. No bypass was necessary for the 9 @entity1 with the covered left subclavian arteries. Mean follow-up was 14 months (range 1-23). CONCLUSIONS: Stent-grafting is feasible in @entity1 with @entity1580 , although it is associated with a considerable rate of complications. Frank reporting of these sequelae for a variety of stent-grafts is of paramount importance to clarifying the limitations of the method.

title: Complications after endovascular repair of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity18213 :: ('MESH:D020759', 'Disease') :: ['Anterior spinal artery syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1580 :: ('MESH:C562834', 'Disease') :: ['type B aortic dissection']

answer: @entity1580 :: (MESH:C562834,Disease) :: ['type B aortic dissection']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Rare de novo mutations have been implicated as a significant cause of idiopathic @entity717 . Large deletions encompassing 10p11.23 have been implicated in @entity245 , @entity854 and @entity154 , but the genotype-phenotype correlation was not delineated. Mutations in WAC have been recently reported in large screening cohorts of @entity1 with @entity717 or @entity2438 , but no full phenotypic characterisation was described. METHODS: Clinical and molecular characterisation of six @entity1 with loss-of-function WAC mutations identified by whole exome sequencing was performed. Clinical data were obtained by retrospective chart review, parental interviews, direct @entity1 interaction and formal neuropsychological evaluation. RESULTS: Five heterozygous de novo WAC mutations were identified in six @entity1 . Three of the mutations were nonsense, and two were frameshift; all are predicted to cause loss of function either through nonsense-mediated mRNA decay or protein truncation. Clinical findings included @entity245 (6/6), @entity2421 (6/6), behavioural problems (5/6), @entity735 (5/6), @entity1142 (5/6), feeding difficulties (4/6), @entity410 (2/6) and sleep problems (2/6). All @entity1 exhibited common @entity154 , including broad/prominent forehead, @entity25221 , @entity308 nasal bridge and bulbous nasal tip. @entity717 , @entity735 , thin upper lip, inverted nipples, @entity393 and @entity5816 were also noted. CONCLUSIONS: Our case series show that loss-of-function mutations in WAC cause a recognisable @entity74 characterised by a neurocognitive phenotype and @entity154 . Our data highly suggest that WAC haploinsufficiency is responsible for most of the phenotypic features associated with deletions encompassing 10p11.23.

title: WAC loss-of-function mutations cause a recognisable syndrome characterised by @entity154 , XXXX and @entity2421 and recapitulate 10p11.23 microdeletion syndrome.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['dysmorphic features', 'facial dysmorphism']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressed']

entities_list: @entity25221 :: ('MESH:C536084', 'Disease') :: ['synophrys and/or bushy eyebrows']

entities_list: @entity245 :: ('MESH:D002658', 'Disease') :: ['developmental delay']

entities_list: @entity735 :: ('MESH:D005124', 'Disease') :: ['eye abnormalities', 'hirsutism, deep-set eyes']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['behavioural abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity2421 :: ('MESH:D009123', 'Disease') :: ['hypotonia']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['genetic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['Posteriorly rotated ears', 'intellectual disability']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing loss']

entities_list: @entity1142 :: ('MESH:D003248', 'Disease') :: ['constipation']

entities_list: @entity5816 :: ('MESH:C562384', 'Disease') :: ['branchial cleft anomalies']

answer: @entity245 :: (MESH:D002658,Disease) :: ['developmental delay']


abstract: PURPOSE: Urinary continence is the goal of exstrophy- @entity7890 complex (EEC) reconstruction. @entity1 may require a @entity1494 ( @entity1494 ) if they are a poor candidate for bladder neck reconstruction or are receiving an augmentation cystoplasty (AC) or neobladder (NB). This study was designed to identify the incidence of @entity532 among various bowel segments typically used for @entity1494 . METHODS: A prospectively kept database of 1078 @entity1 with EEC at a tertiary referral center from 1980 to 2012 was reviewed for major genitourinary reconstruction. @entity1 demographics, surgical indications, perioperative complications, and outcomes were recorded. RESULTS: Among reviewed EEC @entity1 , 134 underwent @entity1494 (81 male, 53 female). Concomitant AC was performed in 106 @entity1 and NB in 11. Median follow up time after initial diversion was 5years. The most common @entity1494 bowel segments were appendix and ileum. The most common @entity532 after @entity1494 were @entity1744 , post-operative ileus, and intraabdominal abscess. There was a significantly increased risk in the occurrence of pelvic or abdominal abscess when colon was used as a conduit compared to all other bowel segments (OR=16.7, 95% CI: 1.16-239) and following NB creation compared to AC (OR=39.4, 95% CI: 3.66-423). At postoperative follow-up, 98% of @entity1 were continent of urine via their stoma. CONCLUSION: We report the largest series to date examining @entity1494 in the EEC population. The increased risk of abdominal and pelvic abscesses in @entity1 who receive a colon @entity1494 and undergo NB compared to AC indicates that while @entity532 following major genitourinary reconstruction are rare, they do occur. Practitioners must be wary of potential complications that are best managed by a multi-disciplinary team approach.

title: Pediatric @entity532 of major genitourinary reconstruction in the exstrophy- XXXX complex.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['CUD', 'continent urinary diversion']

entities_list: @entity532 :: ('MESH:D003925', 'Disease') :: ['surgical complications']

entities_list: @entity7890 :: ('MESH:D004842', 'Disease') :: ['epispadias']

entities_list: @entity1744 :: ('MESH:D043183', 'Disease') :: ['small bowel obstruction']

answer: @entity7890 :: (MESH:D004842,Disease) :: ['epispadias']


abstract: PURPOSE: To report the effect of an intravitreal injection of 4 mg of crystalline @entity2995 (Kenacort) as symptomatic treatment of @entity2297 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: This clinical study is based on clinical and experimental investigations that examined the tolerability and the angiostatic effect of @entity2995 . The study includes prospectively 8 eyes of 8 @entity1 with @entity2297 secondary to @entity2994 (n=8). All @entity1 received an intravitreal injection of 4 mg of crystalline @entity2995 (0.1 cc) as the only procedure or in combination with transscleral cyclodiode as @entity726 treatment. Their mean age was 74.5 +/- 14.4 years. Mean intraocular pressure (IOP) was 38.9 +/- 9.3 mmHg. Mean follow-up was 6 months. RESULTS: 4 of 8 @entity1 were treated by crystalline @entity2995 as the only procedure (n=3). Twenty seven days after intravitreal kenacort injection, the others four @entity1 have been treated by transscleral cyclodiode (n=4) as @entity726 treatment. After injection, including the first postoperative day, @entity1 report a subjective @entity3856 . Furthermore no intra- or extraocular inflammatory reactions were observed during the follow-up. Intraocular pressure was significantly reduced to 18 +/- 6.2 mm Hg at the end of the follow-up period. When considering only the four @entity1 in which the intraocular @entity821 injection was the only procedure performed, mean intraocular pressure decreased from 41.75 +/- 7.05 mm Hg to 20.5 +/- 6.6 mm Hg. @entity1539 was significantly decreased from grade IV to grade I in all @entity1 at the end of the follow-up CONCLUSION: Intravitreal injection of 4 mg @entity2995 contributes to a better management of the @entity2297 .

title: [Low dose intravitreal @entity2995 in the treatment of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2995 :: ('MESH:D014222', 'Chemical') :: ['triamcinolone acetonide']

entities_list: @entity821 :: ('MESH:D003348', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisone']

entities_list: @entity1539 :: ('MESH:D007499', 'Disease') :: ['Iris neovascularisation']

entities_list: @entity2994 :: ('MESH:D012170', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic central retinal vein occlusion']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity3856 :: ('MESH:D058447', 'Disease') :: ['reduction of ocular pain']

entities_list: @entity2297 :: ('MESH:D015355', 'Disease') :: ['neovascular glaucoma']

answer: @entity726 :: (MESH:D005901,Disease) :: ['neovasular glaucoma']


abstract: Objective. Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is recognized as a novel risk factor for @entity453 ( @entity453 ), and its contribution is thought to be stronger in @entity28 @entity1 than in @entity28 @entity1 . However, the prognostic impact of the progression of EAT accumulation after comprehensive management for @entity731 risk factors remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether an increase of the EAT volume during follow-up predicts future @entity1187 ( @entity1187 ) events in @entity453 @entity1 . Methods. This study consisted of 517 @entity453 @entity1 (368 @entity1 ; age, 66      10 years) who underwent serial multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) examinations to evaluate @entity453 . The MDCT examination was used to assess the severity of @entity850 , plaque characteristics, and EAT volume. All @entity1 received comprehensive management to reduce @entity453 risk factors after the first MDCT examination. The MDCT examination was repeated at 6-24 months, and @entity1 were followed-up for more than 1 year or until the occurrence of @entity1187 events. Results. Of 517 @entity1 , 159 (31%) @entity1 were classified into increase of EAT volume during follow-up, 91 (18%) into decrease of EAT volume during follow-up, and 267 (51%) @entity1 into constant of EAT volume during follow-up. The prevalence of obstructive plaques and MDCT-derived vulnerable features of coronary plaques were significantly elevated in @entity1 with increase of EAT volume during follow-up. In contrast, no significant changes were observed in the other 2 groups. During the follow-up period of 4.1      1.8 years (median 4.4 years) after the second MDCT examination, @entity1187 occurred in 43 (8.3%) @entity1 . Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that the presence of @entity536 (hazard ratio [HR]; 1.78, p  =  0.04) and napkin-ring sign (HR; 3.74, p  <  0.001) at second MDCT examination, and changes of EAT volume per 10  ml (HR; 1.34, p  =  0.004) were associated with future @entity1187 events. Conclusion. @entity1 with increase of EAT volume during follow-up despite comprehensive management for @entity453 risks had an increased prevalence of obstructive plaques and plaques with high-risk features, which could be associated with unfavorable @entity1187 outcomes in @entity453 @entity1 .

title: Persistent epicardial adipose tissue accumulation is associated with coronary plaque vulnerability and future XXXX in @entity28 subjects with @entity453 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['ACS', 'acute coronary syndrome']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obese', 'non-obese']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerotic']

entities_list: @entity536 :: ('MESH:C538265', 'Disease') :: ['low-attenuation plaque']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['CAD', 'coronary atherosclerosis progression', 'coronary artery disease', 'non-obese CAD']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

answer: @entity1187 :: (MESH:D054058,Disease) :: ['acute coronary syndrome']


abstract: Plasma @entity701 and behavior were measured in disbudded @entity1237 kids with and without the use of @entity616 . A total of 45 kids were used in 5 experimental groups (n=9, males and females). Group LidoD was infiltrated with 1mL of 2% @entity3303 locally at the cornual branches of lacrimal and infratrochlear nerves, 15min before thermal disbudding. Group Lido was similarly infiltrated and was not disbudded. In group Sim, the disbudding procedure was simulated. A control group ( @entity1050 ) was disbudded without @entity3303 infiltration, and group SD was infiltrated with saline before disbudding. The @entity616 did not prevent the short-term increase in @entity701 levels during and after disbudding. LidoD, @entity1050 and SD groups showed higher @entity701 concentrations than Lido and Sim (p<0.05) during the first 20min after the procedure. Frequency of vocalizations during the procedure was significantly different between groups and was higher in SD (29.6  3.1; mean  SE) and @entity1050 (28.4  3.1) than in Sim (16.6  3.1; p<0.05). Infiltrating @entity3303 did not decrease this response to disbudding (21.1  3.1; p>0.05). Struggles tended to be higher in SD (16.5  2.5), @entity1050 (17.8  2.5) and LidoD (15.6  2.5) than Sim (10.6  2.5; p=0.1). The total behavioral response was different between groups ( @entity1050 , 59.6  6.8; LidoD, 52  6.8; SD, 62.6  6.8; Sim, 36.8  6.8; p=0.05), and disbudded animals showed the strongest reactions (disbudded, 58.1  3.9 vs non-disbudded, 36.8  6.8; p=0.01). It was concluded that @entity616 (lacrimal and infratrochlear) using 2% @entity3303 did not prevent @entity158 during thermal disbudding of @entity1237 kids.

title: @entity701 and @entity158 -related behavior in disbudded XXXX kids with and without @entity616 .

entities_list: @entity3303 :: ('MESH:D008012', 'Chemical') :: ['lidocaine']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity616 :: ('MESH:D006327', 'Disease') :: ['cornual nerve block']

answer: @entity1237 :: (9925,Species) :: ['goat']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2460 ( @entity2460 ) are rare spindle cell neoplasms that typically arise in the pleura. There are several reports of cases that arose from a variety of sites. SFT of the kidney is rare and, to our knowledge, only 25 cases have been published in the literature to date. @entity2460 in the kidney have similar morphologic and immunologic features and biologic behaviors as @entity2460 found elsewhere. In general, @entity1 with @entity2460 of the kidney have a favorable prognosis. CASE: We report a case of @entity8 in a 26-year-old @entity1 . The @entity5 was localized in the upper and mid pole of the kidney. A nephrectomy was performed. The @entity5 was a well-circumscribed, solid mass attached to the renal capsule without @entity39 or @entity548 . Microscopically, a @entity189 with alternating hypo- and hypercellular areas, storiform, fascilular and @entity2698 -like growth pattern and less cellular dense collagen deposition was observed. Some glomeruli and renal tubules were entrapped by the @entity5 cells. There were no mitotic figures. Immunohistochemically, the @entity5 cells were consistently positive for @entity2280 , @entity3778 , and @entity588 . There was no evidence of recurrence after 6 months of follow-up. DISCUSSION: Although morphology is most important in formulating the initial differential diagnosis, the addition of immunohistochemistry is vital in arriving at the correct classification of renal spindle cell @entity5 .

title: A solitary fibrous tumor of the kidney in a 26-year-old XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'man']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['SFT of the right kidney']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity2698 :: ('MESH:D006393', 'Disease') :: ['hemangiopericytoma']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['spindle cell neoplasm']

entities_list: @entity2460 :: ('MESH:D054364', 'Disease') :: ['Solitary fibrous tumors', 'SFTs']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['man']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The efficacy of treating acute @entity741 damages depends, to a large extent, on the development of technologies for predicting their course and outcome. The aim of this paper was to explore whether it would be possible to consider the content of free circulating mitochondrial DNA as a danger-associated molecular pattern for assessing the probability of @entity204 from @entity583 . METHODS: We have analyzed the clinical outcomes based on discharge summaries and autopsy reports obtained in the course of the PROTOCOL observational trial. This study was approved by the Irkutsk Scientific Center of Surgery and Traumatology ethics committee (protocol No. 3, 10.08.2015). To examine whether the assessment of the level of free circulating mtDNA in @entity1187 can help predicting clinical outcomes, all @entity1 were divided into two groups: group 1, involving those who survived during 30  days after hospitalization, and group 2, involving those who died during this time. A quantitative analysis of the free circulating mtDNA was conducted using the PCR method in situ. RESULTS: The analysis showed that  in @entity1 who survived the level of freely circulating mtDNA (36.0  copies/ml) was 164 times lower than in those who died (5900  copies/ml, p  =  0.049). It should be mentioned that according to the logistic regression analysis, the probability of @entity204 of @entity1 with the increased level of blood plasma mtDNA (more than 4000  copies/ml) is 50%. CONCLUSIONS: Thus, the PROTOCOL observational trial proved that the increase in the content of free circulating mtDNA in blood is a predictor of lethal outcome in @entity1 with @entity1187 . Trial registration The observational studies (those in which the assignment of the medical intervention is not at the discretion of the investigator) do not require registration.

title: The level of free circulating mitochondrial DNA in blood as predictor of XXXX in case of @entity1187 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['acute coronary syndrome']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial ischemic']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity204 :: (MESH:D003643,Disease) :: ['death']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: In the seventh @entity2802 classification, stage IIIA includes @entity5 with early stage of bowel wall invasion and regional lymph node @entity3 . We investigated the validity of the current @entity2802 classification of @entity1 with @entity14 and identified prognostic factors of them for ameliorating treatment strategies for them. METHODS: This study included the participation of four tertiary hospitals. A total of 4,236 @entity1 with Stages I-IIIB @entity14 were analyzed. The primary end point was the 5-year relapse-free survival. RESULTS: The 5-year relapse-free survival of @entity1 with stage IIIA disease was similar to that of @entity1 with stage IIA. The 5-year relapse-free survival was 88.9% in the chemotherapy group (n   =   152) and 82.3% in the no-chemotherapy group (n   =   36, P   =   0.111). @entity5 differentiation (moderate or poor) and venous invasion were independent prognostic factors of relapse-free survival. CONCLUSIONS: The relapse-free survival of @entity1 with @entity5 was similar to that of @entity1 with @entity5 , and the prognosis of @entity5 varied significantly by the @entity5 factors identified. These factors can be used to predict the risk of disease recurrence and to optimize the use of adjuvant chemotherapy. J. Surg. Oncol.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Distinctive oncological features of XXXX : Analysis of prognostic factors for selective adjuvant chemotherapy.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['stage IIA tumors', 'tumor', 'stage IIIA tumors', 'Tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer', 'stage IIIA colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['stage IIIA colorectal cancer']


abstract: Insulin resistance is associated with a low chronic inflammatory state. In this study we investigated the relationship between @entity73 and selected markers of @entity32 and thrombin generation in @entity28 healthy @entity1 . We examined 32 healthy @entity28 @entity1 (body mass index > or = 28), with @entity1720 ( @entity1720 , n = 14) or @entity73 (n = 18), and 10 nonobese @entity1 (body mass index < 25). @entity73 @entity1 had significantly higher levels of @entity1851 ( @entity1851 ), @entity2533 , @entity2289 ( @entity2289 ), activated factor VII (VIIa), and prothrombin fragment 1 + 2 ( @entity6343 ) compared with either control subjects or @entity1720 @entity1 . On the other hand, @entity1720 @entity1 had higher @entity1851 , @entity2533 , @entity2289 , and factor VIIa, but not @entity6343 , levels than controls. Significant inverse correlations were observed between the insulin sensitivity index and @entity2533 , @entity1851 , @entity24503 levels. Moreover, significant direct correlations were noted between @entity2533 and @entity1851 , @entity24503 concentrations. Finally, multiple regressions revealed that @entity2533 and the insulin sensitivity index were independently related to @entity6343 . Our results are the first to document an in vivo relationship between insulin sensitivity and coagulative activation in @entity28 . The elevated @entity2533 levels detected in the @entity28 population may provide a biochemical link between insulin resistance and an increased risk for @entity65 .

title: Association of XXXX markers with @entity73 and coagulative activation in @entity28 healthy @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity2289 :: ('5054', 'Gene') :: ['plasminogen activator inhibitor-1', 'PAI-1']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obese', 'obesity']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['Impaired insulin sensitivity', 'impaired insulin sensitivity']

entities_list: @entity1720 :: ('MESH:D007333', 'Disease') :: ['normal insulin sensitivity', 'NIS']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein', 'CRP']

answer: @entity32 :: (MESH:D007249,Disease) :: ['inflammation']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To compare the clinical presentation, microbiological features, and outcomes of @entity1 with @entity497 ( @entity497 ) with those of @entity1 with @entity3509 ( @entity3509 ). DESIGN: A retrospective observational study. SETTING: Three tertiary care centers. @entity1 : One hundred fourteen @entity1 admitted from the community and 55 @entity1 transferred from nursing homes. MEASUREMENTS: Baseline sociodemographic information, activities of daily living, Charlson Comorbidity Index score, and clinica, and microbiologic data were obtained. Outcome was assessed at hospital discharge and 6 months postdischarge. RESULTS: @entity1 admitted from nursing homes had a delayed presentation, with @entity1353 , @entity353 , and @entity417 as the predominant manifestation. @entity1 with @entity497 presented more acutely, with @entity221 , cough, and @entity662 . Anaerobic organisms were more commonly isolated from @entity1 with @entity3509 . The success rate of nonsurgical intervention was significantly lower for the @entity3509 @entity1 than for the @entity497 group (39% vs 63; P=.01). In-hospital mortality was not significantly different between the two groups ( @entity3509 , 18%; @entity497 , 8%; P=.09). In a Cox regression analysis, preadmission functional status (hazard ratio (HR)=1.26, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.19-1.4; P<.001) and surgical intervention (HR=0.47, 95% CI=0.24-0.92; P=.03) were the only variables highly correlated with long-term outcome. CONCLUSION: @entity1 admitted with @entity3509 have distinctly different clinical and microbiological presentation from that of @entity1 with @entity497 . Because of the delayed presentation in @entity1 with @entity3509 , medical treatment alone may be associated with higher rate of failure. Surgical therapy should be considered for selected cases, with the aim of improving long-term survival.

title: A comparative study of community- and XXXX thoracis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['chest pain']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity3509 :: ('MESH:D004653', 'Disease') :: ['NHAE', 'nursing home-acquired empyema']

entities_list: @entity497 :: ('MESH:D003147', 'Disease') :: ['community-acquired empyema', 'CAE']

answer: @entity3509 :: (MESH:D004653,Disease) :: ['nursing home-acquired empyema']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The @entity6 Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) showed a beneficial effect of 6.5 years of intensive glycemic control on @entity989 in @entity1 with type 1 @entity6 . METHODS: Between 1983 and 1989, a total of 1441 @entity1 with type 1 @entity6 in the DCCT were randomly assigned to receive either intensive @entity6 therapy or conventional therapy aimed at preventing @entity1602 symptoms. They were treated and followed until 1993. Subsequently, 1375 of these @entity1 were followed in the observational Epidemiology of @entity6 Interventions and Complications (EDIC) study. The self-reported history of ocular surgical procedures was obtained annually. We evaluated the effect of intensive therapy as compared with conventional therapy on the incidence and cost of ocular surgery during these two studies. RESULTS: Over a median follow-up of 23 years, 130 ocular operations were performed in 63 of 711 @entity1 assigned to intensive therapy (8.9%) and 189 ocular operations in 98 of 730 @entity1 assigned to conventional therapy (13.4%) (P<0.001). After adjustment for DCCT baseline factors, intensive therapy was associated with a reduction in the risk of any @entity6 -related ocular surgery by 48% (95% confidence interval [CI], 29 to 63; P<0.001) and a reduction in the risk of all such ocular procedures by 37% (95% CI, 12 to 55; P=0.01). Forty-two @entity1 who received intensive therapy and 61 who received conventional therapy underwent @entity231 extraction (adjusted risk reduction with intensive therapy, 48%; 95% CI, 23 to 65; P=0.002); 29 @entity1 who received intensive therapy and 50 who received conventional therapy underwent vitrectomy, @entity1713 surgery, or both (adjusted risk reduction, 45%; 95% CI, 12 to 66; P=0.01). The costs of surgery were 32% lower in the intensive-therapy group. The beneficial effects of intensive therapy were fully attenuated after adjustment for mean glycated hemoglobin levels over the entire follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Intensive therapy in @entity1 with type 1 @entity6 was associated with a substantial reduction in the long-term risk of ocular surgery. (Funded by the National Institute of @entity6 and Digestive and @entity8 and others; DCCT/EDIC ClinicalTrials.gov numbers, NCT00360893 and NCT00360815.).

title: Intensive @entity6 therapy and ocular surgery in type 1 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['Kidney Diseases']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetes', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity1713 :: ('MESH:D012163', 'Disease') :: ['retinal-detachment']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['retinopathy']

entities_list: @entity1602 :: ('MESH:D006944', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemic']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3077 is an effective antiplatelet therapy for @entity1 with @entity453 and might be more effective than @entity117 in preventing recurrent @entity64 and cardiovascular events in @entity1 with @entity697 of @entity731 origin. Our aim was to test for a treatment-by- @entity731 interaction in a subgroup analysis of @entity1 in the Acute @entity64 or Transient @entity2142 with @entity117 or @entity3077 and @entity1 Outcomes (SOCRATES) trial. METHODS: SOCRATES was a randomised, double-blind, controlled trial of @entity3077 versus @entity117 in @entity1 aged 40 years or older with a @entity3257 , non-severe acute @entity64 , or high-risk transient ischaemic attack from 674 hospitals in 33 countries. We randomly allocated @entity1 (1:1) to @entity3077 (180 mg loading dose on day 1 followed by 90 mg twice daily for days 2-90, given orally) or @entity117 (300 mg on day 1 followed by 100 mg daily for days 2-90, given orally) within 24 h of symptom onset. Investigators classified all @entity1 into @entity731 and non- @entity731 groups for the prespecified, exploratory analysis reported in this study. The primary endpoint was the time to occurrence of @entity64 , @entity583 , or @entity204 within 90 days. Efficacy analysis was by intention to treat. The SOCRATES trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01994720. FINDINGS: Between Jan 7, 2014, and Oct 29, 2015, we randomly allocated 13   199 @entity1 (6589 [50%] to @entity3077 and 6610 [50%] to @entity117 ). Potentially symptomatic @entity731 was reported in 3081 (23%) of 13   199 @entity1 . We found a treatment-by- @entity731 interaction (p=0  017). 103 (6  7%) of 1542 @entity1 with @entity850 in the @entity3077 group and 147 (9  6%) of 1539 @entity1 with @entity850 in the @entity117 group had an occurrence of @entity64 , @entity583 , or @entity204 within 90 days (hazard ratio 0  68 [95% CI 0  53-0  88]; p=0  003). In 10   118 @entity1 with no @entity850 , 339 (6  7%) of 5047 @entity1 in the @entity3077 group had an occurrence of @entity64 , @entity583 , or @entity204 within 90 days compared with 350 (6  9%) of 5071 in the @entity117 group (0  97 [0  84-1  13]; p=0  72). There were no significant differences in the proportion of life-threatening @entity548 or major or minor @entity548 events in @entity1 with @entity850 in the @entity3077 group compared with the @entity117 group. INTERPRETATION: In this prespecified exploratory analysis, @entity3077 was superior to @entity117 at preventing @entity64 , @entity583 , or @entity204 at 90 days in @entity1 with acute @entity64 or transient ischaemic attack when associated with @entity731 . An understanding of @entity64 mechanisms and causes is important to deliver safe and efficacious treatments for early @entity64 prevention. FUNDING: AstraZeneca.

title: Efficacy and safety of XXXX versus @entity117 in acute @entity64 or transient ischaemic attack of @entity731 origin: a subgroup analysis of SOCRATES, a randomised, double-blind, controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'ischaemic stroke', 'Stroke']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute cerebral ischaemia']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerotic stenosis', 'atherosclerotic', 'ipsilateral atherosclerotic stenosis']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['Aspirin', 'aspirin']

entities_list: @entity3077 :: ('MESH:C503700', 'Chemical') :: ['ticagrelor', 'Ticagrelor']

entities_list: @entity2142 :: ('MESH:D006461', 'Disease') :: ['Ischaemic Attack Treated']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary atherosclerotic disease']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['ipsilateral stenosis']

entities_list: @entity3257 :: ('MESH:C580335', 'Disease') :: ['non-cardioembolic']

answer: @entity3077 :: (MESH:C503700,Chemical) :: ['ticagrelor']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity2023 is considered to be a major health problem that impairs quality of life. A possible relationship with @entity1642 may exist. The aim of this study is to verify the relationship between persistent @entity2023 (PAR) and @entity1642 aiming to improve treatment and thereby quality of life (QOL) of @entity1 . @entity1 with PAR (166) were diagnosed then analyzed using the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale. @entity1 with @entity2023 and who were positive on the Kessler scale (122) were randomly divided equally into a control group which received @entity14294 and a study group which received @entity14294 and @entity2645 . Nasal symptom assessment and QOL assessment were performed in all @entity1 after treatment. Of the 166 @entity1 with PAR, 122 (73.5  %) were positive on the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale. There was a marked improvement in the study group compared with the control group as regards nasal symptoms with better QOL in the study group (6.93) compared with the control group (2.13). Psychological stress has a strong impact on persistent @entity2023 . When stress is controlled by a combined treatment of @entity2645 and @entity14294 , @entity2023 improved and a better QOL was obtained. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 3b.

title: Psychological stress and its relationship with persistent XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2023 :: ('MESH:D006255', 'Disease') :: ['Allergic rhinitis', 'allergic rhinitis symptoms', 'allergic rhinitis']

entities_list: @entity14294 :: ('MESH:C472067', 'Chemical') :: ['levocetirizine']

entities_list: @entity2645 :: ('MESH:D007099', 'Chemical') :: ['imipramine']

entities_list: @entity1642 :: ('MESH:D015775', 'Disease') :: ['psychological stress']

answer: @entity2023 :: (MESH:D006255,Disease) :: ['allergic rhinitis']


abstract: The objective of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effects and safety of intralesional injection of high concentration of @entity7290 for huge (more than 5 cm in diameter) @entity600 ( @entity600 ) in the cervical region. Thirty-two @entity1 with huge macrocystic @entity600 were treated with percutaneous injection of @entity7290 in our department between 2006 and 2011. Among them, 13 @entity1 had unilateral submandibular lesions, and 19 @entity1 had lesions in anterior cervical regions. The age of @entity1 ranged from 10 months to 29 years (mean age, 11.4 y). The concentration of the drug was as high as 2.7 mg/mL (8 mg/3 mL) with an addition of @entity619 . The mean sessions of injection were 1.6 (1-3 sessions). Repeated injection interval was 4 to 6 weeks. The follow-up period was 6 months to 4 years after the last treatment, and the mean follow-up time was 18 months. The results were evaluated based on clinical examination and Doppler ultrasonography scan. The clinical follow-up showed excellent response in 28 of the 32 @entity1 , whereas 4 of the 32 @entity1 also had a satisfactory response. No serious complications were encountered. Intralesional injection of high concentration of @entity7290 was an effective and safe treatment of huge macrocystic @entity600 in the cervical region and can obtain satisfactory results esthetically and functionally without surgery.

title: Appraisal of efficacy and safety of intralesional injection of high concentration of XXXX for treatment of huge @entity600 in cervical region.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['dexamethasone']

entities_list: @entity7290 :: ('MESH:C025703', 'Chemical') :: ['bleomycin A5']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['LMs', 'macrocystic lymphatic malformations']

answer: @entity7290 :: (MESH:C025703,Chemical) :: ['bleomycin A5']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Oral pre @entity5 and @entity5 results in lipid peroxidation, and assessment of lipid @entity2627 in body fluids may give insights into the role of anti oxidants in its management. AIM: The study was conducted to discern the varying levels of lipid @entity2627 in saliva, serum and tissue in oral pre @entity5 and @entity5 and also various forms of @entity286 usage with sex as an added parameter. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The levels of lipid @entity2627 were measured in saliva, serum and tissue in a total of 50 @entity1 , 20 belonging to control, and 30 study group in which 10 with @entity8407 and 20 with histologically proven @entity957 ( @entity957 ). The mean value of @entity1234 ( @entity1865 ) were also recorded in males and females among the @entity1 with @entity8407 and @entity957 . Among the study group @entity1 , the levels of @entity1865 were also recorded in habits of smoking and chewing @entity286 . STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Student's independent t-test, one way ANOVA, Tukey HSD procedure. RESULTS: Significantly elevated levels of lipid @entity2627 were seen in saliva, serum and tissue in @entity8407 and @entity957 when compared to control @entity1 . Among the study group, there were statistically significant increased levels of @entity1865 in @entity957 when @entity8407 . There was also increase in @entity1865 level in @entity1 with smoking and chewing, but the variations seen in males and females were not very significant. CONCLUSION: The results clearly indicate the increase in lipid peroxidation in oral pre @entity5 and @entity5 with no significant difference between gender groups. The role of saliva as a relatively risk free and reliable, easy to obtain biofuid for diagnostic purposes has been highlighted. Also, since the levels of antioxidants are drastically decreased in @entity105 , the importance of anti oxidant supplements in the early stages of the disease has also been elucidated.

title: Assessment of lipid XXXX in multiple biofluids of leukoplakia and @entity957 @entity1 -a clinico- biochemical study.

entities_list: @entity2627 :: ('MESH:D010545', 'Chemical') :: ['peroxides']

entities_list: @entity8407 :: ('MESH:D007972', 'Disease') :: ['oral leukoplakia', 'compared to oral leukoplakia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'oral cancer']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['OSCC', 'oral squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1234 :: ('MESH:D008315', 'Chemical') :: ['malondialdehyde']

entities_list: @entity105 :: ('MESH:D063646', 'Disease') :: ['carcinogenesis']

answer: @entity2627 :: (MESH:D010545,Chemical) :: ['peroxides']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Previous studies on cardiovascular risk profile in different socioeconomic status were focused on younger populations and many of them have not been able to take into account age and sex differences. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the relationship of occupational social class with the prevalence of @entity65 risk factors and @entity65 in younger (<65 years) and older (>or=65 years) @entity1 and @entity1 . METHODS: A population-based-cross sectional study was conducted in a general community in Norfolk, United Kingdom. @entity1 were 23,085 @entity1 and @entity1 aged 40-79 years, recruited from general practice age-sex registers as part of European Prospective Investigation into @entity5 (EPIC-Norfolk). The prevalence of @entity65 and @entity65 were examined. RESULTS: The prevalence of smoking was significantly higher in those in manual social classes particularly in the younger (<65) age group. Younger @entity1 in manual social classes were more likely to be smokers compared to older @entity1 in the same social class. Being in manual social classes was associated with higher @entity165 levels in @entity1 but lower @entity165 levels in @entity1 . Manual social class was associated with higher physical activity in those younger than 65 years but this association was reversed in those 65 years or older. CONCLUSION: Occupational social class is differently related to @entity65 in individuals depending on their age and sex. This may reflect differences in behavior at work and leisure, which vary by sex and pre- and postretirement. Interventions to promote health and reduce social inequalities need to take age and gender into account.

title: Effect of age on the relationship of occupational social class with prevalence of modifiable XXXX and @entity65 . A population-based cross-sectional study from European Prospective Investigation into Cancer - Norfolk (EPIC-Norfolk).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Participants', 'men']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cancer-Norfolk']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease', 'cardiovascular risk factors', 'cardiovascular diseases']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity65 :: (MESH:D002318,Disease) :: ['cardiovascular risk factors']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: to analyze two female cases of @entity7375 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: The first @entity1 presented with bilateral @entity5863 and @entity15381 (left eye). For the latter, blepharorrhaphy was performed. Methylprednisolone (Metypred) and azathioprine pulses, subsequently switched to oral therapy, caused regression of @entity1596 . In 1 month the @entity1 was operated for @entity1713 and associated @entity231 in her right eye. The second @entity1 presented with bilateral detachment of neuroepithelium. Complete reattachment in both eyes was achieved with Metypred pulses followed by oral prednisolone and azathioprine. @entity5863 with @entity432 developed 6 months after the cessation of prednisolone, however, began to resolve as soon as the treatment was resumed. RESULTS: Timely diagnosis and combination pulse therapy (methylprednisolone and azathioprine) enabled rapid resolution of acute condition. CONCLUSIONS: Pulse Metypred is the mainstay of the treatment of @entity7375 . Supplementing the treatment of @entity792 with low doses of azathioprine slows progression of the disease and minimizes prednisolone-induced side effects. It is important that @entity7375 @entity1 are treated with pathogenetic therapy in close cooperation with an immunologist. Long-term monitoring (not less than 2-3 years) is also necessary.

title: [ XXXX (clinical cases)].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5863 :: ('MESH:D015864', 'Disease') :: ['panuveitis', 'Bilateral panuveitis']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

entities_list: @entity1713 :: ('MESH:D012163', 'Disease') :: ['retinal detachment']

entities_list: @entity15381 :: ('MESH:C536156', 'Disease') :: ['unilateral keratomalacia']

entities_list: @entity7375 :: ('MESH:D014607', 'Disease') :: ['VKH', 'Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) syndrome', 'VKH syndrome']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['pupil occlusion']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune uveitis']

answer: @entity7375 :: (MESH:D014607,Disease) :: ['Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4310 with @entity5200 and @entity11604 (FHHNC) is a rare @entity74 exhibiting a high risk for progressive @entity740 ( @entity740 ). METHODS: This is a retrospective multicentre study of 25 paediatric cases with FHHNC in Poland. Median age at diagnosis was 4 years and median follow-up time was 4.8 years. RESULTS: All cases of FHHNC carried recessive mutations in @entity23631 . The founder mutation in @entity23631 , @entity23632 , was the most frequent cause of FHHNC in Polish @entity1 , with 13 (52%) cases being homozygous and 5 (20%) carrying @entity23632 allele in compound heterozygosity. All cases showed @entity11604 , increased urinary fractional excretion of @entity1760 and @entity5200 . Other disease features included hypomagnesaemia (76%), @entity2742 (76%), hyperuricaemia (56%) and hypocitraturia (60%). Treatment with @entity7206 effectively reduced @entity5200 in most cases. During follow-up, renal function declined in 60% of @entity1 ; 12% of @entity1 reached @entity740 stage 3 or 4 and one @entity1 developed @entity454 . CONCLUSIONS: We report one of the largest cohorts of FHHNC cases caused by @entity23631 mutations. A missense variant of @entity23631 , @entity23632 , is the most common mutation responsible for FHHNC in Poland. Additionally, we found that normomagnesaemia does not exclude FHHNC and the calculation of fractional excretion of Mg can be diagnostic in the setting of normomagnesaemia. We also demonstrate the efficacy of a treatment with thiazides in terms of @entity5200 in the majority of @entity1 .

title: Retrospective cohort study of @entity4310 with @entity5200 and @entity11604 due to XXXX mutations.

entities_list: @entity1760 :: ('MESH:D008274', 'Chemical') :: ['magnesium']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage renal failure']

entities_list: @entity11604 :: ('MESH:D009397', 'Disease') :: ['nephrocalcinosis']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['CKD', 'chronic kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity23632 :: ('p|SUB|L|151|F', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['Leu151Phe']

entities_list: @entity7206 :: ('MESH:D049971', 'Chemical') :: ['thiazides']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['autosomal recessive tubular disorder']

entities_list: @entity4310 :: ('MESH:D009386', 'Disease') :: ['Familial hypomagnesaemia']

entities_list: @entity5200 :: ('MESH:D053565', 'Disease') :: ['hypercalciuria']

entities_list: @entity2742 :: ('MESH:D006961', 'Disease') :: ['hyperparathyroidism']

answer: @entity23631 :: (10686,Gene) :: ['CLDN16']


abstract: Radiation therapy is used as a primary treatment for inoperable @entity5 and in @entity1 that cannot or will not undergo surgery. Radioactive holmium-166 ((166)Ho) is a viable candidate for use against @entity1489 . Nonradioactive holmium-165 ((165)Ho) @entity68 garnet nanoparticles have been incorporated into a bandage, which, after neutron-activation to (166)Ho, can be applied to a @entity5 lesion. The (165)Ho iron garnet nanoparticles ((165)HoIG) were synthesized and introduced into @entity7540 ( @entity7540 ) polymer solutions. The polymer solutions were then electrospun to produce flexible nonwoven bandages, which are stable to neutron-activation. The fiber mats were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The bandages are stable after neutron-activation at a thermal neutron-flux of approximately 3.5 * 10(12) neutrons/cm(2)  s for at least 4 h and 100   C. Different amounts of radioactivity can be produced by changing the amount of the (165)HoIG nanoparticles inside the bandage and the duration of neutron-activation, which is important for different stages of @entity1489 . Furthermore, the radioactive bandage can be easily manipulated to irradiate only the @entity5 site by cutting the bandage into specific shapes and sizes that cover the @entity5 prior to neutron-activation. Thus, exposure of healthy cells to high energy b-particles can be avoided. Moreover, there is no leakage of radioactive material after neutron activation, which is critical for safe handling by healthcare professionals treating @entity1489 @entity1 .

title: Radiotherapeutic bandage based on electrospun @entity7540 containing holmium-166 iron garnet nanoparticles for the treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1489 :: ('MESH:D012878', 'Disease') :: ['skin cancer']

entities_list: @entity7540 :: ('CHEBI:61639', 'Chemical') :: ['polyacrylonitrile', 'PAN']

answer: @entity1489 :: (MESH:D012878,Disease) :: ['skin cancer']


abstract: Background: @entity1 with recurrent or progressive @entity2 experience a significant symptom burden, negatively affecting quality of life and reducing life expectancy. Thoracic re-irradiation can be used for palliative treatment to relieve symptoms or as a curative treatment. Methods: Using @entity1 charts, we identified and reviewed 28 cases that had received palliative thoracic re-irradiation for recurrent @entity2 . Results: Before re-irradiation, 32% of @entity1 had @entity5 and six had @entity151 . The median interval between treatments was 18.7 months. Median follow-up was 31.2 months from the initial radiotherapy and 5 months after re-irradiation. A better performance status before re-irradiation (<80 vs >80, p=0.09) and a lower overlap 90% isodose (<70 vs >70, p=0.09) showed trends toward improved survival. Grade 1-2 @entity137 from re-irradiation was recorded in 12/28 @entity1 , and no grade 3 or 4 acute @entity137 was encountered. Conclusion: The role of palliative treatment in survival is not clear but it can provide symptomatic relief in @entity1 , with no high grade @entity137 . Further studies with greater @entity1 numbers and longer follow-up times should facilitate determination of the role of this treatment in @entity137 and effects on survival.

title: Thoracic Re-irradiation for Locally Recurrent XXXX

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['stage III non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity151 :: ('MESH:D055752', 'Disease') :: ['small cell lung cancer']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['Lung Cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Larvae of insects and worms, used as live fish bait (LFB), are a common source of @entity566 in anglers and occupationally exposed workers, but the prevalence and predictors have not yet been investigated. OBJECTIVE: This study assessed the prevalence and associated factors of occupational @entity566 in workers exposed to LFB. METHODS: We assessed the prevalence of sensitization to LFB and @entity1109 ( @entity1109 ) in 76 workers occupationally exposed to it. All workers completed a case history questionnaire and underwent skin prick tests (SPT) for common aeroallergens and bluebottle (Calliphora vomitoria), @entity5157 moth (Galleria mellonella), mealworm (Tenebrio molitor), and gusano rojo (Cilecomadia moorei). Specific IgE were tested in 64 subjects. Two-thirds of the workers had a high level of LFB exposure. RESULTS: Sensitization to LFB was found in 24 workers (31.6%). Seven subjects (9.2%) reported @entity1109 ( @entity565 in 3, @entity7370 in 5, and contact urticaria in 1), and 5 were positive for SPT and serum IgE to one or more LFB extracts. One was also exposed to LFB while fishing. Sensitization to LFB extracts and @entity1109 were strongly associated (Odds Ratio = 6.6, P < 0.05). The 7 subjects with @entity1109 had been exposed longer than asymptomatic subjects with positive skin tests to LFB (P < 0.05). No differences in sex, age, smoking habit, duration or level of exposure, and atopy were detected in symptomatic or in sensitized subjects, compared with normal workers. CONCLUSION: Sensitization to LFB and @entity1109 are relatively frequent in occupationally exposed workers. No associated factors of occupational @entity566 to LFB could be detected.

title: Prevalence of occupational XXXX due to live fish bait.

entities_list: @entity7370 :: ('OMIM:613207', 'Disease') :: ['rhinoconjunctivitis']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['WRS', 'work-related symptoms']

answer: @entity566 :: (MESH:D006967,Disease) :: ['allergy']


abstract: @entity2695 is the most common @entity5 of infancy and ulceration is the most frequent complication of @entity2695 . The purpose of this report was to review the clinical features and management of @entity1066 . A retrospective study of @entity1066 at the outpatient pediatric dermatology clinic, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital from 1992 to 2001 was performed. The medical records of 41 @entity1 were reviewed. Twenty-eight females and 13 males were seen with a female/male ratio of 2.2: 1. Superficial @entity2695 was the most common type (51%). Head and neck were the most frequently involved sites, affecting 21 cases (51%). @entity1066 were found on extremities, torso, and perineum of 9 @entity1 (22%), 6 @entity1 (15%) and 5 @entity1 (12%), respectively. Ulceration was developed at a mean age of 3.9 months (range, 1-7 months). Conventional treatment with topical and/or systemic antibiotic was successfully used in 19 @entity1 (46%). Oral @entity617 was used in 4 @entity1 with large @entity2695 . The mean duration of treatment with oral @entity617 was 12 months. Flashlamp-pumped pulsed-dye laser (FPDL) was used in 16 @entity1 who failed topical and/or systemic antibiotic. Fifteen @entity1 (94%) healed within 1 to 3 treatments. Excision was done on a small superficial @entity2695 on the cheek. In conclusion, head and neck were the most common sites of @entity1066 . Topical antibiotics and/or systemic antibiotics could be used as the first-line management of @entity1066 . FPDL was very effective in the treatment of @entity1066 .

title: XXXX : clinical features and management.

entities_list: @entity2695 :: ('MESH:D006391', 'Disease') :: ['hemangioma', 'hemangiomas', 'Hemangioma']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['Ulcerated hemangiomas', 'ulcerated hemangioma']

entities_list: @entity617 :: ('MESH:D011239', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisolone']

answer: @entity1066 :: (MESH:D014456,Disease) :: ['Ulcerated hemangiomas']


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: Real-time shear wave elastography (RT-SWE) might be useful to assess the severity of portal @entity101 ; reliability criteria for measurement are needed. METHODS: We prospectively included 88 consecutive @entity1 undergoing hepatic venous pressure gradient measurement (HVPG, reference standard) for portal @entity101 . @entity409 ( @entity409 ) was measured by RT-SWE and by transient elastography (TE). @entity4559 ( @entity4559 ) was measured by RT-SWE. Reliability criteria for RT-SWE were searched, and the accuracy of these techniques to identify HVPG    10mmHg (clinically significant portal @entity101 , @entity37115 ) was tested and internally validated by bootstrapping analysis. RESULTS: @entity409 and @entity4559 by RT-SWE were feasible respectively in 87 (99%) and 58 (66%) @entity1 . Both correlated with HVPG ( @entity409 : R=0.611, p<0.0001 and @entity4559 : R=0.514, p<0.0001). @entity409 performed well for diagnosing CSPH (optimism corrected AUROC=0.858). Reliability of measurements was influenced by standard deviation (SD)/median ratio and depth. SD/median    0.10 and depth of measurement <5.6cm were associated to 96.3% well classified for CSPH, while when one or none of the criteria were fulfilled the rates were 76.4% and 44.4%, respectively. Measurements fulfilling at least one criterion were considered acceptable; in these @entity1 , RT-SWE performance to detect CSPH was excellent (AUROC=0.939; 95% CI: 0.865-1.000; p<0.0001; best cut-off: 15.4kPa). @entity409 by RT-SWE and by TE were strongly correlated (R=0.795, p<0.0001) and performed similarly both in "per protocol" and in "intention-to-diagnose" analysis after applying reliability criteria. CONCLUSIONS: @entity409 by RT-SWE is an accurate method to diagnose CSPH if reliability criteria (SD/median    0.10 and/or depth <5.6cm) are fulfilled.

title: Real-time shear-wave elastography: applicability, reliability and accuracy for clinically significant portal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity4559 :: ('MESH:D013160', 'Disease') :: ['SS', 'Spleen stiffness']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['Liver stiffness', 'LS']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertension']


abstract: A current debate on the surgical management of @entity1 with @entity215 ( @entity215 ) focuses largely on primary repair vs initial shunt in younger and/or smaller @entity1 . To characterize practice patterns throughout the United States with respect to the choice of initial surgical procedure in @entity1 with @entity215 , we analyzed data from a multicenter database. This retrospective study focused on 938 @entity1 from 12 institutions who underwent their initial operation during the 10-year period 1986 through 1995. Overall, the percentage of shunts decreased from 35.1% (1986-1990) to 22.0% (1991-1995) (p < 0.0001). The percentage of primary repairs increased accordingly. However, there was marked interinstitutional variability. For the group of @entity1 aged 3 months or less the overall in-hospital mortality was significantly higher than that for older @entity1 for both shunts and repairs. Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that age, weight, date of surgery, and the interactions between date of surgery and institutional volume and between age and institutional volume were significant predictors of the initial surgical management of @entity215 . With this model only part of the observed variance could be explained. Other unidentified variables, including "institutional preference," may be significant factors influencing the choice of initial surgical procedure.

title: A multicenter analysis of the choice of initial surgical procedure in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity215 :: ('MESH:D013771', 'Disease') :: ['tetralogy of Fallot', 'TOF']

answer: @entity215 :: (MESH:D013771,Disease) :: ['tetralogy of Fallot']


abstract: We report a case in which a mandibular nerve block using an indwelling catheter was employed for @entity158 management in a terminal case of @entity5 . The @entity1 was a 74-year-old female weighing 27 kg. She had a 27-month @entity5 . The @entity5 recurred and spread to bilateral face and neck. The severest @entity158 mainly originated from the right mandibular region. Two steps of @entity158 relief were performed for the @entity1 . First, @entity158 control using 1% @entity3303 or 0.25% @entity1341 administered intermittently or continuously through an indwelling catheter in the mandibular nerve was performed for 1 week to estimate the amount of @entity158 relief thereby obtained. Second, a @entity616 was applied to the mandibular nerve through the catheter. After the @entity616 , the total dosage of @entity1286 and @entity3522 remained unchanged for 2 months. We conclude from the present case that this technique is an excellent means of obtaining long-term @entity158 control in @entity1 with intractable @entity5 pain.

title: Application of a mandibular nerve block using an indwelling catheter for intractable XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3522 :: ('MESH:D004008', 'Chemical') :: ['diclofenac']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['history of mouth floor and tongue cancer', 'cancer', 'orofacial cancer']

entities_list: @entity1341 :: ('MESH:D002045', 'Chemical') :: ['bupivacaine']

entities_list: @entity3303 :: ('MESH:D008012', 'Chemical') :: ['lidocaine']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine']

entities_list: @entity616 :: ('MESH:D006327', 'Disease') :: ['neurolytic block']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer pain']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Quantitative multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) as a potential biomarker is increasingly used for severity assessment of @entity2415 in @entity1030 ( @entity1030 ). Aim of this study was to evaluate the user-independent measurement variability between five different fully-automatic densitometry software tools. MATERIAL AND METHODS: MDCT and full-body plethysmography incl. forced expiratory volume in 1s and total lung capacity were available for 49 @entity1 with advanced @entity1030 (age=64  9 years, forced expiratory volume in 1 s=31  6% predicted). Measurement variation regarding lung volume, @entity2415 volume, @entity2415 index, and mean lung density was evaluated for two scientific and three commercially available lung densitometry software tools designed to analyze MDCT from different scanner types. RESULTS: One scientific tool and one commercial tool failed to process most or all datasets, respectively, and were excluded. One scientific and another commercial tool analyzed 49, the remaining commercial tool 30 datasets. Lung volume, @entity2415 volume, @entity2415 index and mean lung density were significantly different amongst these three tools (p<0.001). Limits of agreement for lung volume were [-0.195, -0.052 l], [-0.305, -0.131 l], and [-0.123, -0.052 l] with correlation coefficients of r=1.00 each. Limits of agreement for @entity2415 index were [-6.2, 2.9%], [-27.0, 16.9%], and [-25.5, 18.8%], with r=0.79 to 0.98. Correlation of lung volume with total lung capacity was good to excellent (r=0.77 to 0.91, p<0.001), but segmented lung volume (6.7  1.3-6.8  1.3 l) were significantly lower than total lung capacity (7.7  1.7 l, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Technical incompatibilities hindered evaluation of two of five tools. The remaining three showed significant measurement variation for @entity2415 , hampering quantitative MDCT as a biomarker in @entity1030 . Follow-up studies should currently use identical software, and standardization efforts should encompass software as well.

title: Variation of densitometry on computed tomography in XXXX --influence of different software tools.

entities_list: @entity2415 :: ('MESH:D004646', 'Disease') :: ['emphysema']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease', 'COPD']

answer: @entity1030 :: (MESH:D029424,Disease) :: ['COPD']


abstract: Previously, we reported the efficacy of @entity17162 / @entity3591 in US minority adults with stage 2 @entity101 , with additional blood pressure (BP) lowering from the addition of @entity918 ( @entity918 ). A subgroup analysis in @entity1 with @entity101 and comorbidities of @entity6 , @entity751 , or @entity28 , and in black @entity1 is reported. This 8-week, multicenter, double-blind study included 412 self-identified minority @entity1 with mean sitting systolic BP (msSBP) >= 160 mm Hg and <200 mm Hg). @entity1 were randomized to receive either combination @entity17162 / @entity3591 150/5 mg or @entity3591 5 mg. Doses were forced-titrated to a maximum of @entity17162 / @entity3591 / @entity918 300/10/25 mg or @entity17162 / @entity3591 300/10 mg, respectively. There were 256 black (62%), 118 @entity6 (29%), 284 @entity751 (69%), and 249 @entity28 (60%) randomized @entity1 . Baseline msSBP was ~167 mm Hg across all subgroups. Least-square mean reductions in msSBP, the primary efficacy outcome, from baseline to week 8 across all subgroups, ranged from 35 to 37 mm Hg with @entity17162 / @entity3591 / @entity918 and 28 to 30 mm Hg with @entity17162 / @entity3591 (P < .01 for all between-treatment comparisons). Both regimens were well tolerated. Among high-risk @entity1 , such as @entity6 or those with @entity751 , combination @entity17162 / @entity3591 is effective in lowering BP; the addition of @entity918 provided incremental BP-lowering efficacy while maintaining tolerability. However, because our subgroups were not mutually exclusive, the generalization of our findings to the population seen in clinical practice is limited.

title: XXXX -based dual- and triple-combination therapies in high-risk US minority @entity1 with stage 2 @entity101 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetics', 'diabetic', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity918 :: ('MESH:D006852', 'Chemical') :: ['HCTZ', 'hydrochlorothiazide']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity', 'obese']

entities_list: @entity17162 :: ('MESH:C446481', 'Chemical') :: ['aliskiren']

entities_list: @entity3591 :: ('MESH:D017311', 'Chemical') :: ['amlodipine']

entities_list: @entity751 :: ('MESH:D013577', 'Disease') :: ['cardiometabolic syndrome']

answer: @entity17162 :: (MESH:C446481,Chemical) :: ['Aliskiren']


abstract: The present study explored the effects of @entity3089 ( @entity3090 ) on the cell cycle, proliferation and apoptosis of the @entity189 cell line CNE2 in vitro. The proliferation of CNE2 cells was detected using the cell counting kit-8 method. Cell cycle distribution and apoptosis were detected using flow cytometry. The @entity1 @entity2215 ( @entity2215 ) mRNA expression was determined using reverse transcription polymerase chain reactions. The protein expression of @entity2215 and Myc proto-oncogene protein ( @entity517 ) was observed using western blot analysis. @entity3090 inhibited the proliferation of CNE2 cells in a concentration-dependent manner (P<0.05) and blocked the cell cycle progression of the cells. In the low concentration (100  g/ml) group, the cell cycle arrest showed a time-dependent manner. However, as the concentration increased and action time was prolonged, this time dependency became less marked. @entity3090 promoted the apoptosis of CNE2 cells in a time-dependent manner. In addition, @entity3090 downregulated the mRNA and protein expression of @entity2215 and downregulated the expression of @entity517 protein. Downregulation of the expression of @entity2215 and @entity517 was more evident in the high-dose group (200  g/mL). In conclusion, @entity3090 has proliferation-inhibiting, cell cycle-blocking and apoptosis-promoting effects on CNE2 cells. @entity3090 may be developed into an auxiliary therapeutic agent for the treatment of @entity189 .

title: Effects of @entity3089 on the proliferation and apoptosis of the XXXX cell line CNE2.

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['nasopharyngeal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3089 :: ('MESH:C045651', 'Chemical') :: ['epigallocatechin gallate']

entities_list: @entity2215 :: ('7015', 'Gene') :: ['hTERT', 'telomerase reverse transcriptase']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['nasopharyngeal carcinoma']


abstract: Abnormal elevation of amyloid b-peptide (Ab) levels in the brain is the primary trigger for neuronal cell death specific to @entity195 ( @entity195 ). It is now evident that Ab levels in the brain are manipulable due to a dynamic equilibrium between its production from the amyloid precursor protein (APP) and removal by amyloid clearance proteins. Clearance can be either enzymic or non-enzymic (binding/transport proteins). Intriguingly several of the main amyloid-degrading enzymes (ADEs) are members of the M13 peptidase family ( @entity2282 ( @entity2282 ), @entity13175 and the endothelin converting enzymes ( @entity64711 )). A distinct metallopeptidase, @entity12056 ( @entity12056 ), also contributes to Ab degradation in the brain. The ADE family currently embraces more than 20 members, both membrane-bound and soluble, and of differing cellular locations. @entity2282 plays an important role in brain function terminating neuropeptide signals. Its decrease in specific brain areas with age or after @entity519 , ischaemia or @entity64 contribute significantly to the development of @entity195 pathology. The recently discovered mechanism of epigenetic regulation of @entity2282 (and other genes) by the APP intracellular domain (AICD) and its dependence on the cell type and APP isoform expression suggest possibilities for selective manipulation of @entity2282 gene expression in neuronal cells. We have also observed that another amyloid-clearing protein, namely transthyretin ( @entity20117 ), is also regulated in the neuronal cell by a mechanism similar to @entity2282 . @entity734 of amyloid clearance proteins on histone deacetylases and the ability of HDAC inhibitors to up-regulate their expression in the brain opens new avenues for developing preventive strategies in @entity195 .

title: Amyloid-clearing proteins and their epigenetic regulation as a therapeutic target in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity12056 :: ('3416', 'Gene') :: ['IDE', 'insulin-degrading enzyme']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['AD', "Alzheimer's disease"]

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['Dependence']

answer: @entity195 :: (MESH:D000544,Disease) :: ['Alzheimer's disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The development of @entity454 ( @entity454 ) is common among @entity1 with amyloid light-chain @entity1582 -associated @entity8 and survival of these @entity1 is poor. High-dose intravenous melphalan and autologous stem cell transplantation induce remission of the @entity1581 in a significant proportion of @entity1 with @entity1582 . The efficacy and tolerability of such treatment for @entity1 with @entity1582 -associated @entity454 are unknown. METHODS: Between June 1994 and June 2000, 15 @entity1 with @entity1582 -associated @entity454 were treated with intravenous @entity3601 (70 to 200 mg/m2) and autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. Clinical and laboratory data were prospectively collected prior to treatment, during the peritransplant period, and at 3 months, 12 months, and annually thereafter. Treatment outcomes and @entity137 were compared with 180 non- @entity454 @entity1 treated during the study period. RESULTS: Eight of 15 @entity1 (53%) had a hematologic complete response following treatment. Two @entity1 (13%) died during the peritransplant period. Transfusion requirements were greater and there was a trend toward increased severity of @entity33 in the @entity454 @entity1 compared with the non- @entity454 @entity1 . Median survival for the @entity454 @entity1 with a hematologic complete response was 4.5 years. Five @entity1 with hematologic complete response have either undergone or are awaiting renal transplantation. CONCLUSION: High-dose intravenous melphalan with stem cell transplantation is an effective treatment in selected @entity1 with @entity1582 -associated @entity454 . Although the @entity137 profile is greater in @entity454 @entity1 , the treatment offers the possibility of successful renal transplantation if hematologic remission is achieved. This treatment should be considered for @entity1 with @entity1582 -associated @entity454 .

title: High-dose intravenous melphalan with autologous stem cell transplantation in @entity1582 -associated XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal disease']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity1581 :: ('MESH:D010265', 'Disease') :: ['plasma cell dyscrasia']

entities_list: @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['mucositis']

entities_list: @entity3601 :: ('MESH:D008558', 'Chemical') :: ['melphalan']

entities_list: @entity1582 :: ('MESH:D009101', 'Disease') :: ['AL amyloidosis']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage renal disease', 'ESRD']

answer: @entity454 :: (MESH:D007676,Disease) :: ['end-stage renal disease']


abstract: Psychiatric and @entity16 are among the most complex, poorly understood, and debilitating diseases in medicine. The burgeoning advances in functional genomic technologies have led to the identification of a vast number of novel genes that are potentially implicated in the pathophysiology of such disorders. However, many of these candidate genes have not yet been functionalized and require validation in vivo. Traditionally, abrogating gene function is one of the primary means of examining the physiological significance of a given gene product. Several methods have been developed for gene ablation or knockdown, however, with limited levels of success. The recent discovery of RNA interference (RNAi), as a highly efficient method for gene knockdown, has been one of the major breakthroughs in molecular medicine. In vivo application of RNAi is further demonstrating the promise of this technology. Recent efforts have focused on applying RNAi-based knockdown to understand the genes implicated in @entity146 . However, the greatest challenge with this approach is translating the success of RNAi from @entity1 cell cultures to the brain in animal models of disease and, subsequently, in @entity1 . In this review, we describe the various methods that are being developed to deliver RNAi into the brain for down-regulating gene expression and subsequent phenotyping of genes in vivo. We illustrate the utility of various approaches with a few successful examples and also discuss the potential benefits and pitfalls associated with the use of each delivery approach. Appropriate tailoring of tools that deliver RNAi in the brain may not only aid our understanding of the complex pathophysiology of @entity146 , but may also serve as a valuable therapy for disorders, where there is an immense unmet medical need.

title: Interfering with the brain: use of RNA interference for understanding the pathophysiology of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological disorders']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['neuropsychiatric disorders']

answer: @entity16 :: (MESH:D009422,Disease) :: ['psychiatric and neurological disorders']


abstract: @entity1193 ( @entity1193 ) is a natural @entity1193 possessing anti-inflammatory properties. @entity1193 is produced as different isoforms, one secreted (sIL-1Ra) and three intracellular (icIL-1Ra1, icIL-1Ra2 and icIL-1Ra3), derived from the same gene. We examined the production of @entity1193 species by cultured @entity1 articular chondrocytes in response to various cytokines. The levels of @entity1193 were undetectable in culture supernatants of untreated cells, but were significantly increased by @entity1356 . Cell lysates contained very low levels of @entity1193 , even in response to @entity1356 , suggesting that chondrocytes produce predominantly sIL-1Ra. @entity650 , which had no effect on its own, enhanced the effect of @entity1356 , while @entity619 prevented the response. We observed by RT-PCR that @entity1356 and @entity650 induced primarily the production of sIL-1Ra mRNA. Furthermore, @entity1356 alone or combined with @entity650 increased the levels of nascent unspliced sIL-1Ra mRNA, suggesting that sIL-1Ra expression is regulated at the transcriptional level. Reporter gene assays in immortalized chondrocytes, C-20/A4, consistently showed increased sIL-1Ra promoter activity in response to @entity1356 and @entity650 . In conclusion, @entity1 articular chondrocytes produce sIL-1Ra in response to @entity1356 and @entity650 . The production of sIL-1Ra by chondrocytes may have a protective effect against articular inflammatory and catabolic responses.

title: Production of XXXX by @entity1 articular chondrocytes.

entities_list: @entity1193 :: ('3557', 'Gene') :: ['IL-1 inhibitor', 'Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist', 'IL-1Ra']

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['dexamethasone']

answer: @entity1193 :: (3557,Gene) :: ['interleukin-1 receptor antagonist']


abstract: On the basis of a preceding phase I study, the current trial explored @entity11441 in combination with @entity2664 and rituximab (BMR) in @entity1 with stage III/IV relapsed or refractory @entity706 and @entity1073 ( @entity1073 ) with or without prior rituximab containing chemo-immunotherapy (R-chemo) treatment. Therapy consisted of @entity11441 90 mg/m(2) days 1 + 2, @entity2664 10 mg/m(2) day 1, rituximab 375 mg/m(2) day 8. Treatment was repeated on day 29 for a total of four cycles. Between 3 April and 04 July, 57 @entity1 were recruited from 24 participating institutions, 39% of whom had received prior R-chemo therapy. Median age was 66 years (40 - 83). Lymphoma subtypes were 29 follicular (FL), 18 @entity1073 , and 10 other @entity706 . The overall response rate (ORR) was 89% with 35% CR and 54% PR. ORR in R-chemo pretreated @entity1 was 76% (38% CR, 38% PR). After a median observation time of 27 months (1 - 43), the estimated median progression free survival is 19 months. The 2 year overall survival is 60% for @entity1 with FL and @entity1073 . Treatment related @entity137 of grade 3/4 comprised a reversible myelosuppression (10% @entity417 , 78% @entity1431 , 46% @entity3028 , 16% @entity882 ). However, unexpected hospitalisations were necessary after 4% of BMR-application only. BMR is a very effective new outpatient immuno-chemotherapy with low @entity137 for @entity1 with relapsed/refractory FL, @entity1073 and other @entity706 .

title: High anti- @entity706 activity of @entity11441 / XXXX /rituximab in rituximab pretreated relapsed or refractory @entity706 and @entity1073 . A multicenter phase II study of the German Low Grade Lymphoma Study Group (GLSG).

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['indolent lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity11441 :: ('MESH:C001758', 'Chemical') :: ['bendamustine']

entities_list: @entity2664 :: ('MESH:D008942', 'Chemical') :: ['mitoxantrone']

entities_list: @entity1073 :: ('MESH:D020522', 'Disease') :: ['mantle cell lymphoma', 'MCL']

entities_list: @entity1431 :: ('MESH:D007970', 'Disease') :: ['leukocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity3028 :: ('MESH:D000380', 'Disease') :: ['granulocytopenia']

answer: @entity2664 :: (MESH:D008942,Chemical) :: ['mitoxantrone']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Surgery plays an important role in the treatment of @entity1 with metastatic or primary spine @entity5 . In recent years, various new techniques, such as robotic assisted spine surgery have been developed which has shown some promising results by improving the accuracy of spinal instrumentation and reducing potential complications. The purpose of this study was to evaluate our early experience using robotic guidance in the treatment of @entity5 . METHODS: Data were collected from medical records for each surgery in which the robotic system was used to assist with biopsy, pedicle screw placement and/or vertebral augmentation in the treatment of @entity5 . @entity1 's age, gender, diagnosis and surgical procedure were documented. The surgical time, estimated @entity190 , peri-operative and post-operative complications were obtained. The visual analog scale (VAS) for @entity615 and @entity158 were also recorded. RESULTS: A total of 9 consecutive @entity1 (7 female, 2 male) were included in this study, beginning with the first case experience. The mean age of the @entity1 was 60 years (range 47-69). All @entity1 presented with @entity23057 and/or @entity602 . Robotic assisted posterior instrumentation was successfully performed in all @entity1 . Robotic assisted vertebral augmentation was performed in 4 @entity1 . The average number of levels instrumented was 5. The average surgery time (skin to skin) was 4 hours and 24 minutes and the mean @entity190 was 319 ml. There were no complications perioperatively or through the latest follow-up. Seven of the 9 @entity1 reported improved back @entity158 at the latest follow-up and the data were not available in two @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: The published complication rates of @entity5 surgeries range between 5.3% and 19%. With robotic assistance, the surgical complication rate appears improved over the historical figures. Our study shows that the robotic system was safe and performed as desired in the treatment of metastatic and primary spine @entity5 . These results support that further evaluation in a larger series of @entity1 .

title: Robotic assisted surgeries for the treatment of spine XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['spinal tumor', 'spinal tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity23057 :: ('MESH:C566002', 'Disease') :: ['thoracic or lumbar vertebral collapse']

entities_list: @entity602 :: ('MESH:D013118', 'Disease') :: ['myelopathy']

entities_list: @entity615 :: ('MESH:D001416', 'Disease') :: ['back pain']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['leg pain', 'pain and/or leg pain']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumors']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity64 may be the first symptom of @entity715 ( @entity3257 ); therefore, rapid diagnosis and therapy are crucial. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence, main predictors, and long-term clinical evolution of @entity1 with @entity3257 in the acute phase of @entity64 . METHODS: We studied consecutive acute @entity385 @entity1 with prosthetic heart valves who underwent emergent transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) during a 5-year period. Two groups were defined depending on the presence of @entity3257 ( @entity3257 or @entity3257 ). Baseline characteristics, TEE findings, and international normalized ratios (INRs) at the @entity64 event were registered. Follow-up visits and TEE control examinations were performed. RESULTS: Sixty-seven @entity1 were registered. TEE was performed within the first week in 85% of @entity1 (n   =   57). @entity3257 was diagnosed in 41.8% of cases (n   =   28). Clinical severity and baseline INR level showed no differences when the @entity3257 and @entity3257 were compared. The presence of @entity3257 was associated with the mitral valve location as compared with the aortic valve location (75% versus 25%, P   =   .003), the presence of spontaneous echocontrast (64.3% versus 35.9%, P   =   .022), and low ejection fraction (66.7% versus 32.7%, P   =   .019). The @entity3257 group showed a trend toward higher percentage of recurrence (10.7% versus 2.5%, P   =   .102) in the follow up period (mean follow-up 25 months). CONCLUSIONS: The detection of @entity3257 in the acute @entity64 phase was relevant, as the @entity64 recurrence rate was considerable. Therefore, all @entity1 with prosthetic heart valve should undergo emergent TEE.

title: XXXX in the Acute Phase of the @entity64 : Relevance of Detection and Follow-Up.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'Stroke']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['prosthetic valve thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity3257 :: ('MESH:C580335', 'Disease') :: ['PVT', 'non-PVT groups']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity715 :: (MESH:D013927,Disease) :: ['Prosthetic Valve Thrombosis']


abstract: OBJECT: During routine quality assurance (QA) testing of the gamma knife @entity262 ( @entity262 ), it was noticed that slight pressure applied to the handle of the QA test tool produced visible rotation of the @entity262 assembly. The authors describe the tests performed to quantify these movements. METHODS: A stereotactic frame was positioned in the slides of the @entity262 and known loads applied using a spring balance to the upper corner of the frame. Movement at the corner of the frame (y = 200) was measured using a dial gauge. The typical load applied to the @entity262 by a @entity1 with a medium-sized head was determined in a treatment simulation. Projecting the measured data, a plot showing the resultant error in the position of a target point was constructed. Error values increased with distance from the frame, up to a maximum of 0.3 mm (at the superior limit of treatment range). Increased loads could be applied to the system during @entity1 movements, and these would result in larger displacements. Two volunteers enlisted to simulate @entity1 movements and the deflections were recorded. It was estimated that maximum errors in the target positioning of 0.45 mm might take place during these movements. CONCLUSIONS: The use of the @entity262 has some additional and unexpected associated errors. The authors believe, however, that because the errors are smaller than those of target localization and manual trunnion treatments, its clinical use is still justified. The manufacturer is investigating the cause of the movements and possible solutions.

title: Rotational movements of the automatic positioning system under load and their significance for XXXX treatments.

entities_list: @entity262 :: ('MESH:D034721', 'Disease') :: ['APS', 'Automatic Positioning System']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Left atrium enlargement has been associated with @entity299 in @entity1 with @entity339 ( @entity339 ). Left atrium reverse remodeling (LARR) occur after surgical correction of @entity339 , but the preoperative predictors of this phenomenon are not well known. It is therefore important to identify preoperative predictors for postoperative LARR. METHODS: We enrolled 62 @entity1 with chronic severe @entity339 (prolapse or flail leaflet) who underwent successful mitral valve surgery (repair or replacement); all with pre- and postoperative echocardiography. LARR was defined as a reduction in left atrium volume index (LAVI) of >=  25%. Stepwise multiple regression analysis was used to identify independent predictors of LARR. RESULTS: LARR occurred in 46 @entity1 (74.2%), with the mean LAVI decreasing from 85.5 mL/m2 to 49.7 mL/m2 (p <0.001). These @entity1 had a smaller preoperative left ventricular systolic volume (p =0.022) and a higher @entity1002 ( @entity1002 ) (p =0.034). @entity1002 was identified as the only preoperative variable significantly associated with LARR (odds ratio, 1.086; 95% confidence interval, 1.002-1.178). A @entity1002 cutoff value of 63.5% identified @entity1 with LARR of >=  25% with a sensitivity of 71.7% and a specificity of 56.3%. CONCLUSIONS: LARR occurs frequently after mitral valve surgery and is associated with preoperative @entity1002 higher than 63.5%.

title: Preoperative @entity1002 and left atrium reverse remodeling after XXXX surgery.

entities_list: @entity339 :: ('MESH:D008944', 'Disease') :: ['MR', 'mitral regurgitation']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular ejection fraction', 'LVEF']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac events']

answer: @entity339 :: (MESH:D008944,Disease) :: ['mitral regurgitation']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1124 ( @entity1124 ) is one of the most lethal @entity5 , with less than 5% of @entity1 surviving 5 years beyond diagnosis. Systemic therapies, particularly @entity136 , have a modest clinical benefit, but chemoresistance limits their efficacy. Here, we demonstrate that plasma @entity51751 levels positively correlated with @entity51751 levels in @entity5 tissues of @entity1 with @entity1124 and are a good prognostic indicator of overall survival. Overexpression of @entity51751 inhibited @entity5 cell proliferation and increased the chemosensitivity to @entity136 both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, @entity51751 targets @entity41900 directly in @entity1124 . @entity41900 expression was a prognostic indicator related to poor survival in @entity788 @entity1 . Plasma @entity51751 levels were significantly lower in @entity788 @entity1 with high @entity41900 protein expression than in healthy controls. Furthermore, overexpression of @entity51751 in @entity788 cell lines suppressed @entity41900 expression, leading to downregulation of the @entity584 / @entity9459 / @entity3546 pathway. Overall, these results indicate that @entity51751 functions as a @entity5 suppressor that downregulates @entity41900 kinase expression to inhibit both @entity788 growth and @entity136 resistance via the @entity584 / @entity3546 pathway. Hence, detection of plasma @entity51751 may be a simple and convenient method of predicting therapeutic responses.

title: MicroRNA-33a-mediated downregulation of XXXX kinase expression renders @entity1 @entity788 cells sensitivity to @entity136 .

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer', 'pancreatic tumor']

entities_list: @entity1124 :: ('MESH:D021441', 'Disease') :: ['Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma', 'PDAC']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancers']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['gemcitabine']

answer: @entity41900 :: (415116,Gene) :: ['Pim-3']


abstract: In response to arterial intimal injury vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) within the vessel wall proliferate upon exposure to growth factors, accumulate, and form a neointima that can occlude the vessel lumen. @entity15188 ( @entity15188 ) is a growth factor-responsive kinase; however its role in VSMC proliferation is not fully understood. Here, we examined growth factor-dependent regulation of @entity15188 and defined a molecular role for @entity15188 in stimulation of VSMC proliferation. We found that stimulation of VSMCs with the pro-proliferative growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF) significantly increased @entity15188 mRNA, protein, and kinase activity in aortic VSMCs in vitro. To test the hypothesis that activation of @entity15188 activity promotes VSMC proliferation, we examined the effects of stable expression of constitutively active ( @entity56362 ) and kinase-defective ( @entity63294 ) mutants of @entity15188 on VSMC growth. We found that activation of @entity15188 increased, whereas interference of @entity15188 signaling inhibited VSMC growth in vitro. Consistent with these findings, expression of the @entity56362 mutant augmented both basal and PDGF-induced @entity1603 uptake in VSMCs. Conversely, PDGF-induced @entity1603 uptake was attenuated in VSMCs expressing @entity63294 . Furthermore, we determined that activated @entity15188 enhanced basal and PDGF-dependent G1 > S cell cycle transition, whereas dominant-negative @entity15188 abrogated G1 > S cell cycle transition under similar conditions. Downstream signaling by active @entity15188 induced basal and PDGF-induced phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase 3b, an effect which was attenuated when @entity15188 activity was blocked by expression of the kinase-defective mutant, @entity63294 . We also found that transfection of @entity56362 enhanced @entity3546 -nuclear localization and activation of the TOP/Flash and @entity4910 transcriptional reporters. These effects were significantly blunted in VSMCs transfected with the @entity63294 mutant. Our results provide compelling evidence of a role for @entity15188 in stimulation of arterial VSMC growth via regulation of @entity3546 dynamics and implicate @entity15188 in the progression of intimal narrowing following @entity1317 . Hence, the findings presented here point to inhibition of @entity15188 activity as a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of occlusive @entity455 .

title: Serum and glucocorticoid-regulated kinase 1 promotes vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation via regulation of XXXX dynamics.

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular diseases']

entities_list: @entity15188 :: ('6446', 'Gene') :: ['SGK1', 'Serum and glucocorticoid inducible kinase 1']

entities_list: @entity1317 :: ('MESH:D057772', 'Disease') :: ['arterial injury']

answer: @entity3546 :: (1499,Gene) :: ['b-catenin']