abstract: BACKGROUND: Previous studies have documented high rates of morbidity and @entity204 after acute peripheral @entity432 . To date, however, few studies have identified parameters predictive of successful therapy. METHODS: The Thrombolysis or Peripheral Arterial Surgery Trial of intraarterial recombinant urokinase or immediate operation for acute lower extremity @entity432 provided data on 544 @entity1 randomized at 113 centers. A Cox proportional hazards multifactor analysis was performed to identify those main effects predictive of amputation-free survival and to document any baseline variables useful in deciding whether a @entity1 would be treated best initially with thrombolysis or operation. RESULTS: Of 28 variables analyzed, eight main effects were predictive of amputation-free survival. These included two demographic factors: white race (risk ratio [RR] = 1.75; p = 0.003) and younger age (RR = 1.015; p = 0.046). Comorbidities comprised four of the main effects: history of @entity6220 (RR = 1.726; p = 0.005), history of @entity5 (RR = 1.615; p = 0.024), @entity712 (RR = 2.202; p < 0.001), or low body weight (RR = 1.007 per pound; p = 0.006). The severity of the process was also predictive, as gauged by the presence of skin color changes (RR = 1.585, p = 0.007) or @entity158 at rest (RR = 0.503; p = 0.003). All eight effects were similar in the two treatment groups; none of these variables predicted improved outcome with one form of initial therapy over the other (i.e., there was no therapy-by-variable interaction). The length of occlusion, however, predicted whether a @entity1 would fare better with thrombolysis or operation. With a threshold occlusion length of 30 cm, the RR for longer occlusions to @entity432 was 43% better in @entity1 who received thrombolysis, whereas the situation was reversed for those who were randomized to operation. CONCLUSIONS: A variety of baseline variables can be identified that are predictive of outcome after treatment for @entity63 . In addition, the length of the occlusive process appears to predict whether a @entity1 will be best served with thrombolysis or operative intervention; longer occlusions appear to respond best with an initial thrombolytic strategy.

title: Acute XXXX : determinants of outcome.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity6220 :: ('MESH:D020279', 'Disease') :: ['central nervous system disease']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['acute lower extremity ischemia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['arterial occlusion', 'shorter occlusions']

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['lower limb ischemia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Up to 50% of @entity1 with stinging-insect @entity566 have double-positive RAST results to @entity5157 and yellow jacket (YJ) venom. True double sensitization and crossreactivity through venom hyaluronidases are considered main reasons for this multiple reactivity. OBJECTIVE: We investigated the role of antibodies against cross-reactive @entity1735 determinants in venom double positivity. METHODS: @entity9527 inhibition experiments were performed with crude @entity4335 (OSR) and timothy grass pollen extracts and a neoglycoprotein construct displaying a MUXF glycan, as present in pineapple-stem bromelain (MUXF-BSA). @entity9527 to OSR was used as a rough measure for @entity1735 -specific IgE in individual sera. RESULTS: @entity9527 results to OSR pollen were positive in 2 of 14 single-positive @entity5157 venom sera, 2 of 16 single-positive YJ venom sera, and 33 (80.5%) of 41 double-positive sera (P < .00001, chi(2) test). @entity9527 inhibition was performed in 16 selected @entity1 with a @entity9527 class of 3 or higher to both venoms. In 9 of 11 @entity1 with a highly positive @entity9527 result to OSR ( @entity9527 score to OSR > @entity9527 score to second venom), pollen extracts, MUXF-BSA, or both were able to completely inhibit IgE binding to one of the venoms, whereas this was not the case in 5 @entity1 with a negative or weakly positive @entity9527 result to OSR ( @entity9527 score to OSR < @entity9527 score to second venom). CONCLUSIONS: The data suggest that @entity1735 -specific IgE is a major cause for the double positivity to @entity5157 and YJ venom seen in @entity1 with @entity566 . Because these antibodies may have low clinical relevance, they may severely impede the correct diagnosis of Hymenoptera venom @entity566 .

title: Antibody binding to venom carbohydrates is a frequent cause for double positivity to @entity5157 and yellow jacket venom in @entity1 with stinging-insect XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4335 :: ('3708', 'Species') :: ['oilseed rape']

entities_list: @entity566 :: ('MESH:D006967', 'Disease') :: ['Hymenoptera allergy', 'allergy']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

answer: @entity566 :: (MESH:D006967,Disease) :: ['allergy']


abstract: A new system is described to determine the mutational spectra of mutagens and carcinogens in @entity526 ; data on a limited number (142) of spontaneous mutants is presented. The mutational assay employs a method to select (rather than screen) for mutations in a supF target gene carried on a plasmid. The @entity526 host cells (ES87) are lacI- (am26), and carry the lacZ delta M15 marker for alpha-complementation in @entity7791 . When these cells also carry a plasmid, such as pUB3, which contains a wild-type copy of supF and lacZ-alpha, the @entity1132 operon is repressed (off). Furthermore, supF suppression of lacIam26 results in a @entity1132 repressor that has an uninducible, lacIS genotype, which makes the cells unable to grow on @entity1132 minimal plates. In contrast, spontaneous or mutagen-induced supF- mutations in pUB3 prevent suppression of lacIam26 and result in constitutive expression of the @entity1132 operon, which permits growth on @entity1132 minimal plates. The spontaneous mutation frequency in the supF gene is approximately 0.7 and approximately 1.0 x 10(-6) without and with SOS induction, respectively. Spontaneous mutations are dominated by large insertions (67% in SOS-uninduced and 56% in SOS-induced cells), and their frequency of appearance is largely unaffected by SOS induction. These are identified by DNA sequencing to be Insertion Elements; @entity46068 dominates, but IS4, IS5, gamma-delta and IS10 are also obtained. Large deletions also contribute significantly (19% and 15% for -SOS and +SOS, respectively), where a specific deletion between a 10 base pair direct repeat dominates; the frequency of appearance of these mutations also appears to be unaffected by SOS induction. In contrast, SOS induction increases base pairing mutations (13% and 27% for -SOS and +SOS, respectively). The ES87/pUB3 system has many advantages for determining mutational spectra, including the fact that mutant isolation is fast and simple, and the determination of mutational changes is rapid because of the small size of supF.

title: An XXXX plasmid-based, mutational system in which supF mutants are selectable: insertion elements dominate the spontaneous spectra.

entities_list: @entity7791 :: ('MESH:D016537', 'Disease') :: ['beta-galactosidase']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli', 'E. coli']

answer: @entity526 :: (562,Species) :: ['Escherichia coli']


abstract: STUDY DESIGN:    Retrospective cohort study. OBJECTIVES:    To find out: (1) if the energy of @entity130 (high and low) influence the outcome after cervical @entity1566 ; (2) if time to decompression and degree of @entity130 the outcome after high- and low-energy cervical @entity1566 . METHODS:    Twenty-one consecutive @entity1 with low-energy cervical @entity1566 were identified from the spinal injuries unit database (eg, ball sports, diving, surfing, and falls). Twenty-one aged-matched @entity1 with high-energy cervical @entity1566 (eg, motor @entity130 ) were then randomly selected and the groups were compared. All @entity1 had formal American @entity3510 Association assessment on admission and at 6 months. RESULTS:    At the 6-month follow-up, the energy of the initial @entity130 was not found to influence the neurological outcome (P   =   .76). Early definitive intervention (<8 hours) for @entity1 with @entity602 was shown to significantly affect outcome (P   =   .049). As expected, @entity1 with an incomplete @entity1566 at presentation showed significantly greater neurological improvement at follow-up compared with those with complete injuries (P   =   .006). CONCLUSIONS:    We were unable to find a correlation between the energy of the initial @entity130 causing a @entity1566 and the neurological outcome. Early definitive decompression improved outcomes for @entity1 with @entity1566 , especially those with incomplete @entity1566 . [Table: see text] The definiton of the different classes of evidence is available on page 55.

title: The influence of the energy of XXXX , the timing of decompression, and the impact of grade of SCI on outcome.

entities_list: @entity3510 :: ('MESH:D013124', 'Disease') :: ['Spinal Injuries']

entities_list: @entity602 :: ('MESH:D013118', 'Disease') :: ['incomplete cord lesions']

entities_list: @entity1566 :: ('MESH:D013119', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord injury']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['injury (complete and incomplete) influence', 'vehicle trauma', 'trauma']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['trauma']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the clinical and economic impact of positive airway pressure ( @entity2786 ) among @entity1 with @entity27 ( @entity27 ). STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective claims-based analysis of @entity27 @entity1 diagnosed with polysomnography (PSG) between January 1, 2005, and April 30, 2008. METHODS: @entity1 were required to have 2 or more claims for @entity27 diagnosis within 1 year after their first PSG test, and a minimum of 12 months' baseline and 24 months' follow-up continuous health plan enrollment. @entity1 with @entity358 or @entity2786 use before the first PSG test were excluded. Outcomes included all-cause and sleep @entity386 -related hospitalization and healthcare costs. Multivariable analyses were performed to adjust for baseline characteristics. RESULTS: Of the 15,424 @entity1 identified, 90.7% used @entity2786 and 9.3% did not. The @entity2786 group had lower all-cause (19.0% vs 24.2%, P <.001) and sleep @entity386 -related (8.0% vs 11.3%, P <.001) hospitalization rates than the non- @entity2786 group during the follow-up period. After adjusting for baseline characteristics, @entity1 in the @entity2786 group were less likely to have an all-cause (odds ratio [OR] 0.70; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.61-0.80]) or sleep @entity386 -related (OR 0.69; 95% CI 0.58-0.83) hospitalization than non- @entity2786 @entity1 . @entity2786 users on average incurred 10% lower all-cause costs than non- @entity2786 @entity1 ( 705 per member per month vs  786 per member per month, P <.001) in multivariable analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Among @entity27 @entity1 in real-world practice, @entity2786 users had significantly lower hospitalization risks and all-cause healthcare costs.

title: Impact of positive airway pressure among XXXX @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity27 :: ('MESH:D020181', 'Disease') :: ['obstructive sleep apnea', 'OSA']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary disease']

answer: @entity27 :: (MESH:D020181,Disease) :: ['obstructive sleep apnea']


abstract: This paper describes a prospective immunohistochemical analysis of 27 kDa @entity1457 protein ( @entity2284 ) in 361 @entity1 with primary @entity0 in relation to disease-free survival (DFS) and survival from first relapse (SR). @entity53 (ER) and @entity1420 (PR) receptors were also quantitated and related to the @entity2284 data. While ER positively predicted a good outcome for both DFS and SR, @entity2284 positivity predicted a prolonged SR but short DFS. The association between @entity2284 and DFS only attained statistical significance in node-negative @entity1 . Subgroup analysis reinforced the complementary relationship of @entity2284 and ER for SR and opposing influences for DFS. In both node-negative and node-positive @entity1 , ER+ @entity2284 - @entity1 had a longer DFS than ER- @entity2284 + counterparts. There was no relationship between @entity2284 and overall survival. @entity2284 staining was highly correlated with ER but not PR, @entity1 age, @entity5 size or menstrual status. There was a marginal correlation (P = 0.04) with histological grade with well-differentiated @entity5 having the highest @entity2284 . Cox multivariate regression analysis of the contribution of @entity2284 in the presence of data on ER, PR, stage, nodal status and histological grade indicated that @entity2284 was not of independent prognostic importance for DFS or overall survival and was only of borderline significance for @entity3012 (P < 0.07). However, in the absence of ER and PR data, @entity2284 staining is an effective way of getting the same prognostic information. @entity2284 staining appears to correlate with different biological features in early and advanced breast, high @entity2284 being linked with short DFS in node-negative @entity1 but with prolonged survival from first recurrence.

title: A 27 kDa XXXX protein that has anomalous prognostic powers in early and @entity0 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity1457 :: ('MESH:D012769', 'Disease') :: ['heat shock']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['Oestradiol']

answer: @entity1457 :: (MESH:D012769,Disease) :: ['heat shock']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We analysed peripheral blood progenitor cell (PBPC) mobilisation and collection in order to assess the main factors related to @entity2280 (+) cell yields in @entity1 affected by haematological @entity5 . @entity1 AND METHODS: The features of @entity2280 (+) cell mobilisation of @entity1 with haematological @entity5 that underwent autologous bone marrow transplantation were examined. Mobilisation chemotherapy consisted mainly of @entity786 (CY) 4 or 7 g/m(2) followed by growth factors. Leukapheresis was started when the WBC counts reached 1.0x10(9)/l with the aim to collect at least 5x10(6) @entity2280 (+) cells/kg body weight. The aphereses were performed on continuous-flow blood cell separators. The analysed variables were: age, diagnosis, CT mobilisation regimen, type of growth factor, number of previous CT lines, prior radiotherapy, days for WBC recovery and number of aphereses procedures to achieve the target of @entity2280 (+) cells. RESULTS: There were 41 consecutive @entity1 (26 M/15 F): 21 @entity1893 ( @entity1893 ), 15 @entity978 ( @entity978 ), two @entity1860 ( @entity1860 ) and three @entity1582 ( @entity1582 ). Eleven @entity1 could not collect the proposed threshold of @entity2280 (+) cells. CY 4 mobilised @entity1 recovered WBC counts in less days (P=0.03). By ANOVA, the days to WBC recovery had a linear function of the predictors "number of aphereses" and "type of mobilisation CT" (coefficients: 0.86 and 0.95, respectively). For the number of aphereses and WBC recovery after CT mobilisation, we obtained a correlation coefficient of 0.36 (P=0.02). CONCLUSION: This study shows that it is feasible to mobilise and collect PBPC in @entity1 previously treated with CT with or without @entity138 . There was a linear correlation between the days for WBC recovery and the number of aphereses needed to collect the target number of @entity2280 (+) cells. The study suggests that early WBC recovery, using mainly CY 4 mobilisation chemotherapy, is an important predictor of a low number of aphereses to achieve a good @entity2280 (+) yield.

title: Early total white blood cell recovery is a predictor of low number of apheresis and good XXXX (+) cell yield.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancies']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity1582 :: ('MESH:D009101', 'Disease') :: ['multiple myeloma', 'MM']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ["non-Hodgkin's lymphoma", 'NHL']

entities_list: @entity978 :: ('MESH:D006689', 'Disease') :: ['HD', "Hodgkin's disease"]

entities_list: @entity1860 :: ('MESH:D015464', 'Disease') :: ['CML', 'chronic myeloid leukaemia']

answer: @entity2280 :: (947,Gene) :: ['CD34']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Postoperative @entity1018 following routine nasal surgery is an extremely rare and devastating complication. We report a case of @entity1939 due to central @entity732 associated with third cranial nerve following septoplasty. CASE REPORT: We report a @entity1 who developed an @entity732 with @entity1939 following nasal surgery under general anesthesia. A 45-year-old @entity1 underwent a nasal septal surgery for severe @entity1415 . Soon after recovery, the @entity1 noticed @entity1018 in his right eye and was unable to lift his upper eyelid. Upon ophthalmic examinations, we determined that he had right-sided third @entity129 with central @entity432 and @entity1736 of @entity1736 , restriction of @entity1319 , and no perception of light in the right eye. Postoperative computerized tomography scan revealed @entity174 of the left medial orbital wall, including one near the optic canal. @entity1736 and @entity735 were recovered partially, but @entity227 persisted until the last follow-up. CONCLUSION: This paper highlights one case of complete @entity1939 from @entity732 associated with third @entity129 following an apparently uneventful septorhinoplasty. Ophthalmologists and otolaryngologists should therefore be aware of the possible occurrence of such complications.

title: Central XXXX and third @entity129 following nasal septoplasty.

entities_list: @entity1018 :: ('MESH:D054062', 'Disease') :: ['loss of vision', 'vision loss']

entities_list: @entity129 :: ('MESH:D003389', 'Disease') :: ['cranial nerve palsy']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual loss']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['multiple fractures']

entities_list: @entity1415 :: ('MESH:D004844', 'Disease') :: ['epistaxis']

entities_list: @entity1939 :: ('MESH:D001766', 'Disease') :: ['unilateral blindness']

entities_list: @entity735 :: ('MESH:D005124', 'Disease') :: ['ocular defects']

entities_list: @entity1736 :: ('MESH:D001763', 'Disease') :: ['ptosis', 'Ptosis', 'right upper eyelid']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['retinal artery obstruction']

entities_list: @entity732 :: ('MESH:D015356', 'Disease') :: ['unusual central retinal artery occlusion', 'direct central retinal artery occlusion', 'retinal artery occlusion']

entities_list: @entity1319 :: ('MESH:D015835', 'Disease') :: ['ocular movements']

answer: @entity732 :: (MESH:D015356,Disease) :: ['retinal artery occlusion']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: To achieve a negative surgical margin, resection of superior mesenteric/portal vein is necessary in @entity788 . This study is designed to demonstrate the demographic and clinical differences of the @entity1 requiring major vein resection and the incidence of histopathological vein invasion. METHODOLOGY: A retrospective analysis of @entity1 that underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy for @entity420 between January 2000 and September 2011 was performed. Macroscopic adhesion to vein was considered as an invasion and a resection was performed. RESULTS: Twenty three of 100 @entity1 that underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy for @entity420 had vein resection. Although the operation time (p=0.001), @entity190 (p<0.001) and perioperative blood transfusion (p<0.001) were higher in the vein resection group, there were no differences in perioperative and hospital mortality, complication rate and hospitalization time. The @entity5 was larger (p=0.001) and lymphovascular invasion (p=0.030), perineural invasion (p=0.011), median metastatic lymph nodes (p=0.007), rate of R1 resection (p=0.007) were higher in vein resection group. Only 9 @entity1 out of 23 @entity1 had histopathological vein wall invasion. Overall survival was also not significantly different (p=0.14). CONCLUSIONS: Overall survival in vein resected group was also not significantly different than @entity1 with standard pancreaticoduodenectomy and not all macroscopic vein adhesion means histopathological vein wall invasion.

title: The importance of invasion and resection of superior mesenteric and portal veins in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma of the pancreas']

answer: @entity420 :: (MESH:D000230,Disease) :: ['adenocarcinoma of the pancreas']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine whether @entity101 predicts the incidence of @entity8 . DESIGN: Prospective cohort study (the Olivetti Prospective Heart Study). SETTING: The Olivetti factory in Southern Italy. SUBJECTS: Five hundred and three male workers, aged 21 - 68 years, with no evidence of @entity8 at baseline. Follow-up 8 years. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Anthropometry, blood pressure, biochemistry and history of @entity8 were evaluated at the baseline examination in 1987. Occurrence of @entity8 was evaluated again in 1994-1995. @entity101 was defined as systolic blood pressure > or = 160 or diastolic blood pressure, > or = 95 mmHg or both, or being on drug therapy for @entity101 . Occurrence of @entity8 was defined as radiological or echographic evidence of calculi or documented passage of one or more stones. RESULTS: At baseline, 114/503 @entity1 (22.7%) had @entity101 and 32 were on drug treatment. After 8 years, 52 (10.3%) incident cases of @entity8 were detected. The majority (n = 45) had a documented passage of one or more stones. The incidence of @entity8 was higher in @entity101 than in normotensive @entity1 (19/114 (16.7%) versus 33/389 (8.5%); P = 0.011). @entity101 @entity1 had a greater risk of developing @entity1290 than normotensive ones ( @entity4736 .96; 95% confidence interval 1.16-3.32). The risk was unaffected by the exclusion of treated @entity101 (2.01; 1.13-3.59) and after adjustment for age (1.89; 1.12-3.18), body weight (1.78; 1.05-3.00) or height (2.00; 1.19-3.38). CONCLUSIONS: @entity101 in middle-aged @entity1 is a significant predictor of @entity8 rather than a consequence of @entity8 caused by the @entity1290 .

title: A prospective study of @entity101 and the incidence of XXXX in @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal damage', 'kidney stone disease']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensives', 'Hypertensive', 'hypertension', 'Hypertension', 'hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity1290 :: ('MESH:D007669', 'Disease') :: ['kidney stones']

answer: @entity1290 :: (MESH:D007669,Disease) :: ['kidney stones']


abstract: On the basis of the crystal structure of the @entity8047 substrate @entity3963 , we have synthesized a 15 @entity535 peptide representing the alpha C helix of @entity1 @entity12206 . We find this peptide to be an inhibitor of @entity3963 phosphorylation by its upstream activator @entity8047 . Circular dichroic spectroscopy indicates that the peptide has little secondary structure in aqueous buffer, but can readily adopt an alpha-helical structure in aprotic solvent. Steady-state kinetic analysis indicates that the peptide serves as a competitive inhibitor of @entity3963 binding to @entity8047 , with a dissociation constant, Ki, of 0.84 microM. Together with @entity855 -competitive inhibitors of @entity8047 , we have used this peptide to define the kinetic mechanism of @entity8047 catalysis. These studies reveal that @entity8047 operates through a bi-bi random-ordered sequential mechanism. The synthetic peptide inhibits also the phosphorylation of @entity1435 and @entity3963 by the upstream activator @entity25885 , but is at least 3-fold less potent as an inhibitor of SEK activation of @entity4675 . Interestingly, the peptide also showed some ability to inhibit @entity3963 -mediated phosphorylation of @entity2610 , but was inactive as an inhibitor of the unrelated kinases Raf, @entity1861 , and PKA. These results imply that the alpha C helix is an important locus of interaction for the formation of a @entity8047 - @entity3963 complex. The alpha C helix cannot, however, be the sole determinant of activator selectivity among the MAP kinases. Molecules designed to target the alpha C helix binding pocket of MAP kinase activators may provide a novel means of inhibiting these signal transducers.

title: Competitive inhibition of MAP kinase activation by a peptide representing the alpha C helix of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2610 :: ('4155', 'Gene') :: ['myelin basic protein']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

answer: @entity3963 :: (5594,Gene) :: ['ERK']


abstract: Antimicrobial activities of @entity33910 ( @entity11984 ) and @entity7048 ( @entity12706 ) in combination were studied against clinical isolates of @entity794 (9 @entity3256 -sensitive and 47 @entity3256 -resistant strains) using the checkerboard MIC method and the disc diffusion test using Mueller-Hinton agar with or without addition of 4% @entity1219 . MICs of @entity11984 and @entity12706 individually against 9 @entity3256 -sensitive strains (MSSA) were 0.78-1.56 micrograms/ml and 0.39-0.78 micrograms/ml without 4% @entity1219 , and 1.56-3.13 micrograms/ml and 0.39-0.78 micrograms/ml with 4% @entity1219 , respectively. In combination of @entity11984 and @entity12706 , the MICs of @entity11984 and @entity12706 against these MSSA decreased to 0.012-0.39 micrograms/ml and 0.10-0.20 micrograms/ml without 4% @entity1219 , and 0.20-0.78 micrograms/ml and 0.20-0.39 micrograms/ml with 4% @entity1219 , respectively, showing minimum FIC indexes of 0.385 to 1.013. Minimum FIC indexes < or = 0.5 were seen in 7 out of 9 strains. MICs of @entity11984 and @entity12706 individually against 47 @entity3256 -resistant strains ( @entity794 ) were 3.13-100 micrograms/ml and 3.13-400 micrograms/ml without 4% @entity1219 , and 6.25-50 micrograms/ml and 50-400 micrograms/ml with 4% @entity1219 , respectively. In combination of @entity11984 and @entity12706 , MICs of these drugs against @entity794 were reduced to 0.10-50 micrograms/ml and 0.39-200 micrograms/ml without addition of 4% @entity1219 and 0.39-12.5 micrograms/ml and 3.13-100 micrograms/ml with 4% @entity1219 , respectively. Minimum FIC indexes observed were 0.047 to 0.625, and those with values < or = 0.5 were observed in 43 out of 47 strains. By the disc diffusion method, between the @entity11984 disc and @entity12706 disc, a synergistic interaction against @entity794 was well observed. In addition, discs containing both drugs showed a greater inhibitory zone diameter than discs containing the equivalent amount of @entity11984 or @entity12706 alone. These in vitro observations reported here suggest that the use of @entity11984 and @entity12706 in combination is more effective than the use of these drugs individually for the treatment of MSSA and slight to moderate resistant @entity794 infection, as well as for surgical prophylaxis. Therefore, further study was carried out to assess the synergistic enhancement of antimicrobial activity of @entity11984 and @entity12706 in combination using discs containing various amounts of these drugs at various ratios. Using discs containing @entity11984 / @entity12706 (20 micrograms/10 micrograms), disc inhibitory zone diameters against MSSA and @entity794 were well correlated negatively with MICs of @entity11984 or @entity12706 in combination. From inhibitory zone diameters obtained with these combination discs, enhanced MICs of @entity11984 or @entity12706 in combination can be assessed.

title: [Enhancement of in vitro antimicrobial activity of @entity33910 and @entity7048 in combination against XXXX -resistant @entity794 studies by checkerboard MIC method and disc diffusion method using discs containing both drugs].

entities_list: @entity3256 :: ('MESH:D008712', 'Chemical') :: ['methicillin']

entities_list: @entity7048 :: ('MESH:D002437', 'Chemical') :: ['cefazolin']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus', 'MRSA']

entities_list: @entity33910 :: ('MESH:D015311', 'Chemical') :: ['cefmetazole']

answer: @entity3256 :: (MESH:D008712,Chemical) :: ['methicillin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: There are only few reports about the safety of @entity34 ( @entity34 ) with @entity4936 in secondary neovascularisations and only scarce reports about the @entity34 in @entity1 , only one of them in preschool-age @entity1 . We add the case of a 5 and a half-year-old @entity1 with @entity3193 due to @entity3193 . We treated this condition with @entity34 . @entity1 : A 5 and a half-year-old- @entity1 with @entity3193 in both eyes showed a switch of fixation from the right to the left eye and divergent strabismus switched to convergent strabismus, in addition a decrease in visual acuity from 0.4 to 0.04 was recorded. This was caused by a clinically visible subfoveal @entity3193 from the upper edge of the @entity4643 . Because no standard therapy is available for this special condition, we decided to treat the @entity1 with @entity34 . RESULTS: @entity34 with @entity4936 was performed without problems after motivation and support of the @entity1 by the parents (2.46 mL @entity4936 , 4500 microm spot size, 83 seconds treatment time) and led to a complete scaring of the @entity471 after 14 days. At follow-up 3 and 6 months after therapy we documented only a moderate staining but no @entity941 leakage from the @entity471 and no macular @entity4 . Visual acuity increased after occlusion therapy within 24 months to 0.2 and fixation of the treated right eye was restored and resulted in intermittent fixation. Mean while the German "Bundessozialgericht" has decided on the reimbursement rules for this off-label use in very seldom diseases. No recurrence of the @entity471 was observed within the follow-up time of 5 and a half years. CONCLUSION: This case proves that @entity34 is possible and safe in cooperative @entity1 including those in preschool age. @entity34 not only induced scaring of a @entity471 secondary to @entity3193 but also a return of the lost visual acuity.

title: [Photodynamic therapy for XXXX due to @entity3193 in a 5 1/2-year-old @entity1 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'child', 'PATIENT']

entities_list: @entity4936 :: ('MESH:C098350', 'Chemical') :: ['verteporfin']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['oedema']

entities_list: @entity3193 :: ('MESH:D015862', 'Disease') :: ['choroidal coloboma', 'choroidal neovascularisation']

entities_list: @entity941 :: ('MESH:D019793', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorescein']

entities_list: @entity34 :: ('MESH:D016609', 'Disease') :: ['photodynamic therapy', 'PDT']

answer: @entity3193 :: (MESH:D015862,Disease) :: ['choroidal neovascularisation']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of @entity927 in the treatment of @entity1866 . DESIGN: Systematic review. POPULATION: @entity1 with a diagnosis of @entity1866 treated with @entity927 . METHODS: Electronic searches were conducted in literature databases up to February 2011 by two independent reviewers. We included all trials involving the efficacy of @entity927 for the treatment of heavy uterine @entity548 . Pregnant, postmenopausal and @entity5 @entity1 were excluded. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Effect of @entity927 treatment on objective reduction of @entity548 and improvement in @entity1 quality of life. RESULTS: A total of 10 studies met our inclusion criteria. Available evidence indicates that @entity927 therapy in @entity1 with idiopathic @entity931 resulted in 34-54% reduction in menstrual @entity190 . Following @entity927 treatment, @entity1 's quality-of-life parameters improved by 46-83%, compared with 15-45% for @entity8098 treatment. When compared with placebo, @entity927 use significantly decreased the @entity190 by 70% in @entity1 with @entity931 secondary to an intrauterine device (p<0.001). Limited evidence indicated potential benefit in fibroid @entity1 with @entity931 . No @entity1031 event was reported in all studies analyzed. CONCLUSIONS: Available evidence indicates that @entity927 treatment is effective and safe, and could potentially improve quality of life of @entity1 presenting with @entity1866 . Data on the therapeutic efficacy of @entity927 in @entity1 with symptomatic @entity2909 are limited, and further studies are therefore needed.

title: Efficacy of XXXX in the treatment of @entity1866 : a systematic review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'Women', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity8098 :: ('MESH:D009640', 'Chemical') :: ['norethisterone']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['menstrual bleeding', 'bleeding']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity1866 :: ('MESH:D008599', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic and non-functional heavy menstrual bleeding']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['thromboembolic']

entities_list: @entity927 :: ('MESH:D014148', 'Chemical') :: ['tranexamic acid']

entities_list: @entity931 :: ('MESH:D008595', 'Disease') :: ['menorrhagia']

answer: @entity927 :: (MESH:D014148,Chemical) :: ['tranexamic acid']


abstract: @entity4396 ( @entity4396 ) agonist suppresses the growth of the @entity5 cells in vitro. To evaluate the effect of a @entity4396 agonist ( @entity4397 ) in @entity43 , we investigated the interactions of @entity4397 with the KOC-2s @entity1 @entity43 cells. The addition of @entity4397 (10(-8)-10(-6)M) produced an increase 20-30% in the number of cells (p < 0.05). @entity4397 (10(-5) M) produced a slight, statistically insignificant decrease of < 10% in the cell count. No DNA fragmentation was produced by @entity4397 (10(-8)-10(-6)M). However, @entity4397 (10(-5)M) produced internucleosomal cleavage of DNA into fragments with multiples of 180 to 200 bp. This DNA "ladder" pattern is characteristic of apoptosis. The amount of @entity1197 was reduced by each concentration of @entity4397 . The addition of @entity4397 (10(-6)M and 10(-5)M) significantly increased the secretion of @entity310 (p < 0.001). The time- and dose-dependent effects of @entity4397 might be confined to the KOC-2s cells as demonstrated by growth inhibitions and characteristic internucleosomal DNA fragmentation. However, the effects of @entity4397 on secretion of @entity310 and the expression of @entity1197 differed. The present results provide a basis for future studies on the mechanism of apoptotic effect of @entity4397 .

title: Induction of apoptosis in @entity43 cell line by XXXX agonist.

entities_list: @entity4396 :: ('2796', 'Gene') :: ['GnRH', 'Gonadotropin releasing hormone']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian carcinomas', 'ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity4397 :: ('CHEBI:63533', 'Chemical') :: ['GnRHa', 'GnRHA']

answer: @entity4396 :: (2796,Gene) :: ['gonadotropin-releasing hormone']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate incidence and causes of anaphylactic reactions in the emergency room (E.R.) of a general hospital in Milan during a 2-year period. METHODS: We retrospectively studied the computerized records of @entity1 discharged from an E.R. with a diagnosis of anaphylactic reaction. Anaphylaxis was established on the presence of at least two cutaneous, respiratory, @entity65 . RESULTS: During 1997 and 1998, out of 38 685 @entity1 referred to the E.R., 13 had severe @entity2021 with @entity909 ( @entity909 ) and 127 had anaphylactic symptoms, without @entity909 . Of the 13 @entity1 with @entity909 , a possible cause was identified in 12 (five foods, six drugs, one hair dye). In the other 127 @entity1 @entity2021 was related to foods in 49 cases (38.5%), drugs in 44 (34.6%), unknown causes in 29 (22.8%), hymenoptera stings in two (1.5%), and other causes in three (2.3%). CONCLUSION: The incidence of anaphylactic reactions was 0.4% and mainly affected females and @entity1097 subjects. Foods, particularly fruits and vegetables, appeared to be the most important cause; other important causes were non steroidal antiinflammatory drugs and @entity3405 antibiotics.

title: Incidence of XXXX in the emergency department of a general hospital in Milan.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3405 :: ('CHEBI:35627', 'Chemical') :: ['beta-lactam']

entities_list: @entity909 :: ('MESH:D014474', 'Disease') :: ['loss of consciousness', 'LOC']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal or cardiovascular system symptoms']

entities_list: @entity2021 :: ('MESH:D000707', 'Disease') :: ['anaphylaxis']

answer: @entity2021 :: (MESH:D000707,Disease) :: ['anaphylaxis']


abstract: @entity706 is a relatively uncommon type of @entity1893 ( @entity1893 ) thought to derive from follicular center cells. There are limitations to fine-needle aspiration in the diagnosis of follicular @entity1893 , and very few studies are available on it. We describe here the cytomorphologic features of eight biopsy-proven cases of follicular NHLs and five biopsy-proven cases of intermediate-grade NHLs. Five cases of @entity12293 ( @entity12293 ) diagnosed on cytology were also studied cytomorphologically. Image morphometry was done in follicular and intermediate-grade NHLs, immunocytochemistry was done in follicular and intermediate-grade NHLs, and immunocytochemistry for @entity588 expression was studied in five cases of follicular NHLs. The aspirate smears of follicular @entity1893 showed the presence of higher grades, many to abundant (++ to +++) monomorphic @entity706 , with an increased number of mast cells. Lymphohistiocytic tangles and tingeable body macrophages were not observed in any of the cases. Cytomorphologically, all the cases of intermediate-grade @entity1893 showed a predominantly monomorphic population of lymphoid cells with absent or few grades (+) of @entity706 . Image morphometric data analysis of each cell parameter for follicular and intermediate-grade NHLs were found to be statistically insignificant (P > 0.05) and hence of little help in diagnosis of follicular vs. low-grade NHLs. Immunocytochemistry for @entity588 expression in follicular @entity1893 showed variable results, ranging from 0-90% (expressed as @entity588 index). Certain characteristic cytomorphological features such as the presence of monomorphic lymphoid cell aggregates and an increased number of mast cells are soft indicators for the diagnosis of follicular @entity1893 on aspiration smears. Immunocytochemistry for @entity588 expression may be of help in cases with clinical and cytological suspicion of @entity706 . Image morphometry has a small role in this regard.

title: Fine-needle aspiration biopsy in diagnosis of XXXX : cytomorphologic and immunohistochemical analysis.

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ["non-Hodgkin's lymphoma", 'NHL']

entities_list: @entity12293 :: ('MESH:D019310', 'Disease') :: ['reactive lymphoid hyperplasia', 'RLH']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma', 'lymphoid aggregates', 'Follicular lymphoma']

answer: @entity706 :: (MESH:D008223,Disease) :: ['follicular lymphoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A retrospective clinicopathologic study was performed to identify the influence of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures on the outcomes of @entity1 with the follicular variant of @entity3557 (FVPTC). METHODS: The results of 37 @entity1 with FVPTC were compared with those of 37 randomly selected @entity1 with @entity1377 and 22 @entity1 with @entity189 . Diagnostic, therapeutic, and follow-up data were obtained by review of clinical and histologic materials. RESULTS: Median follow-up was approximately 3 years in all groups. Fine-needle aspiration had a sensitivity of 75% for FVPTC, which was similar to that for @entity1377 . Frozen section evaluation had a sensitivity of only 27% for FVPTC but 94% for @entity1377 and 44% for @entity189 . All @entity1 for whom the fine-needle aspiration specimen contained cytologic features of @entity1377 and frozen section suggested a follicular lesion proved to have FVPTC: Consequently, hemithyroidectomy was performed three times more often among @entity1 with FVPTC than among those with @entity1377 . FVPTC @entity5 were modestly, but significantly, smaller than @entity5 (1.2 versus 1.6 cm). @entity3 to cervical lymph nodes occurred least often in @entity1 with FVPTC and usually were detected within 3 months of diagnosis. The frequency of distant @entity3 within this limited period of follow-up did not differ between FVPTC and @entity1377 . CONCLUSIONS: Fine-needle aspiration appears to be superior to frozen section for identification of FVPTC, although the number of @entity1173 performed was limited. Greater use of aspiration may permit more appropriate surgical management of this disease. Local and distant @entity3 of FVPTC do not occur more often than do those of @entity1377 .

title: Follicular variant of XXXX . A clinicopathologic study.

entities_list: @entity1377 :: ('MESH:D002291', 'Disease') :: ['papillary carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3557 :: ('MESH:C536915', 'Disease') :: ['papillary thyroid carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['papillary carcinoma tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['follicular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases', 'Metastases']

entities_list: @entity1173 :: ('MESH:D053120', 'Disease') :: ['aspirations']

answer: @entity3557 :: (MESH:C536915,Disease) :: ['papillary thyroid carcinoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Increased plasma levels of @entity3508 ( @entity3508 ) are related to damage of neurons and neuroendocrine cells. We aimed to investigate elevation of @entity3508 after elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) on the prediction of @entity385 ( @entity385 ). Study population consisted of 2 groups of @entity1 . Group 1 included 92 consecutive @entity1 with normal coronary angiograms, whereas group 2 consisted of 89 @entity1 who underwent elective coronary stenting. @entity3508 levels were studied before and 12  hours after the procedure. Elevation of >0.12   g/L was considered as @entity385 . Forty-seven of 181 study @entity1 (26%) had @entity385 after the procedure. @entity3508 elevation was significantly more prevalent in @entity1 with PCI than that of controls. Elevation of @entity3508 was observed in 42% of @entity1 who underwent elective PCI (n  = 37) and 11% of the normal coronary artery group (n  = 10) (p  <0.001). The incidence of @entity385 was higher in active smokers and @entity1 who had history of @entity583 ( @entity583 ) (55% vs 10%, p <0.001 for active smokers and 40% vs 8%, p  <0.001 for history of @entity583 , respectively). Multivariate analysis demonstrated history of smoking (odds ratio [OR] 9.9; 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.7 to 26.9; p <0.001) and @entity583 (OR 4.4; 95% CI 1.7 to 11.4; p  = 0.01) as independent predictors of @entity385 . For @entity1 who underwent elective PCI, @entity3508 levels after procedure increases. Invasive coronary procedures have risk of SCIs, even in @entity1 with normal coronary arteries. In conclusion, increased diagnosis of SCIs might improve understanding of their relation with invasive cardiac procedures, facilitate to prevent occurrence of silent microemboli and decrease the risk of adverse neurologic events.

title: Usefulness of XXXX to Detect Silent Neuronal Ischemia After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention.

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'MI', 'previous MI']

entities_list: @entity3508 :: ('2026', 'Gene') :: ['NSE', 'neuron-specific enolase']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['silent cerebral infarct', 'SCI']

answer: @entity3508 :: (2026,Gene) :: ['Neuron-Specific Enolase']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Case histories of all @entity1 (n = 29) operated on for @entity7196 from 1962 to the present were reviewed to study different techniques and outcomes. The technique of symmetric aortoplasty with 3 patches (1 in each sinus) is described and compared with other methods. METHODS: Case reports were reviewed and follow-up was completed by contacting the @entity1 's (pediatric) cardiologist. We aimed for a last follow-up visit, including Doppler echocardiographic studies, in a period no more than 12 months earlier than December 1997. @entity7196 was discrete in 25 and diffuse with involvement of the aortic arch and arch vessels in 4 @entity1 . @entity154 were @entity4503 (n = 5), @entity1498 (n = 3), ascending aortic @entity439 (n = 1), @entity339 (n = 2), @entity849 (n = 1), and @entity3657 (n = 2). Eleven @entity1 had @entity3297 and 1 @entity1 had @entity12697 . Symmetric aortoplasty with 3 patches (1 in each sinus) was used in 13 @entity1 , whereas other nonsymmetric methods (1, 2, or Y-shaped patches) were used in 16 @entity1 . Mean follow-up was 10.5 years (range: 4 months-36 years). RESULTS: All techniques adequately decreased the pressure gradient. Progression of preoperative @entity337 or de novo regurgitation was not observed except in 1 @entity1 in whom the patches inserted were too large. CONCLUSIONS: No difference could be demonstrated in outcome for any surgical technique; however, reconstruction of the aortic root with autologous pericardial patches in each sinus after transection of the aorta has the advantage of symmetry while restoring the normal aortic root anatomy.

title: Brom's three-patch technique for repair of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['Additional anomalies']

entities_list: @entity4503 :: ('MESH:C562388', 'Disease') :: ['bicuspid aortic valve']

entities_list: @entity339 :: ('MESH:D008944', 'Disease') :: ['mitral valve insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity3657 :: ('MESH:D058729', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral pulmonary artery stenosis']

entities_list: @entity7196 :: ('MESH:D021921', 'Disease') :: ['Supravalvular aortic stenosis', 'supravalvular aortic stenosis']

entities_list: @entity1498 :: ('MESH:D001017', 'Disease') :: ['coarctation']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity849 :: ('MESH:D011666', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary valvular stenosis']

entities_list: @entity3297 :: ('MESH:D018980', 'Disease') :: ['Williams syndrome']

entities_list: @entity337 :: ('MESH:D001022', 'Disease') :: ['aortic valve insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity12697 :: ('MESH:D009634', 'Disease') :: ['Noonan syndrome']

answer: @entity7196 :: (MESH:D021921,Disease) :: ['supravalvular aortic stenosis']


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine how to use node response on computed tomography (CT) to indicate the need for neck dissection. @entity1 AND METHODS: Five hundred fifty @entity1 with lymph node-positive @entity135 were treated between 1990 and 2002 with radiotherapy (RT) at a median dose of 74.4 Gy; 24% of these @entity1 (n = 133) were treated with chemotherapy. Three hundred forty-one @entity1 (62%) underwent planned post-RT neck dissection. Physical examination and contrast-enhanced CT were performed 30 days after completion of RT. CT images were reviewed in 211 @entity1 for lymph node size (largest axial dimension) and presence of a focal abnormality (lucency, enhancement, or @entity730 ). By correlating post-RT CT to neck dissection pathology, criteria associated with a low likelihood of @entity66 were identified. A subset of @entity1 who fit these criteria of radiographic response who did not undergo post-RT neck dissection was observed for recurrence. RESULTS: Radiographic complete response (rCR) was defined as the absence of any large (> 1.5 cm) or focally abnormal lymph node. Correlation of response with neck dissection pathology indicated a negative predictive value of 77% for complete clinical response and 94% for rCR. In 32 @entity1 (median follow-up time, 3.2 years) with rCR who did not undergo post-RT neck dissection, the 5-year ultimate neck control rate (100%) and cause-specific survival rate (72%) were not significantly different from the rates of @entity1 with a negative post-RT neck dissection. CONCLUSION: @entity1 with rCR 4 weeks after RT can be spared from a post-RT neck dissection regardless of initial node stage.

title: Postradiotherapy neck dissection for lymph node-positive XXXX : the use of computed tomography to manage the neck.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck cancer']

entities_list: @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['calcification']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['residual disease']

answer: @entity135 :: (MESH:D006258,Disease) :: ['head and neck cancer']


abstract: The aim of this study was to examine the relation between illness representations of personal and treatment control and @entity1109 (i.e. symptoms of @entity148 and @entity308 ) in 72 married couples dealing with a recently diagnosed @entity5 . @entity1 were first-diagnosed with early stage (45.83%) or @entity5 (54.17%). Dyadic responses were examined with the actor-partner interdependence model. Also, in order to examine whether @entity1 and spouses' representations of control moderate the relation of their partners' corresponding representations to @entity1109 , we used the relevant bootstrapping framework developed by Hayes and Matthes [(2009). Computational procedures for probing interactions in OLS and logistic regression: SPSS and SAS implementations. Behavior Research Methods, 41, 924-936]. @entity1 ' symptoms of @entity148 and @entity308 were associated with both partners' representations of control. Chi-square difference tests indicated that actor and partner effects were equal. Spouses' symptoms of @entity148 and @entity308 were related only to their own representations. Moreover, spouses' representations of personal control moderated the relation of @entity1 ' corresponding representations to @entity308 , whereas @entity1 ' representations of treatment control moderated the relation of their spouses' corresponding representations to both @entity148 and @entity308 . Findings suggest that both partners' representations of control are important for adaptation to illness. Moreover, they indicate that dyadic regulation may be equally important to self-regulation as far as adaptation to illness is concerned.

title: Representations of control and @entity1109 in couples dealing with XXXX : a dyadic-regulation approach.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive symptoms', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'metastatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['psychological symptoms']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: Complete remission (CR) is uncommon during treatment for @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ) with @entity669 kinase inhibitors (TKIs), but it may occur in some @entity1 . It remains a matter of debate whether therapy should be continued after CR. METHODS: A multicenter, retrospective analysis of a series of @entity1 with @entity1358 who obtained CR during treatment with TKIs ( @entity2240 or @entity2857 ), either alone or with local treatment (surgery, radiotherapy, or radiofrequency ablation), was performed. RESULTS: CR was identified in 64 @entity1 ; 36 @entity1 had received TKI treatment alone and 28 had also received local treatment. Most @entity1 had clear cell histology (60 of 64 @entity1 ), and all had undergone previous nephrectomy. The majority of @entity1 were favorable or intermediate risk; however, three @entity1 were poor risk. Most @entity1 developed CR during @entity2240 treatment (59 of 64 @entity1 ). Among the 36 @entity1 who achieved CR with TKI alone, eight continued TKI treatment after CR, whereas 28 stopped treatment. Seventeen @entity1 who stopped treatment (61%) are still in CR, with a median follow-up of 255 days. Among the 28 @entity1 in CR after TKI plus local treatment, 25 @entity1 stopped treatment, and 12 of these @entity1 (48%) are still in CR, with a median follow-up of 322 days. CONCLUSION: CR can occur after TKI treatment alone or when combined with local treatment. CR was observed at every metastatic site and in every prognostic group.

title: Complete remission with @entity669 kinase inhibitors in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2240 :: ('MESH:C473478', 'Chemical') :: ['sunitinib']

entities_list: @entity2857 :: ('MESH:C471405', 'Chemical') :: ['sorafenib']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['mRCC', 'metastatic renal cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

answer: @entity1358 :: (MESH:D002292,Disease) :: ['renal cell carcinoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The oblique fissure separates the upper lobe from the lower lobe in the left lung and the upper lobe from the lower and middle lobes in the right lung. The aim of the present study was to compare the projection of the oblique fissure observed on lateral chest radiographs of retired coal mine workers who had @entity7864 ( @entity7864 ) with that of healthy @entity1 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 120 @entity1 divided into three groups: retired coal miner @entity1 diagnosed with @entity7864 (group 1), @entity1 >= 38 years of age with no @entity7864 (group 2, first control group), and @entity1  <=37 years of age with no @entity7864 (group 3, second control group). The projection of the oblique fissure observed on lateral chest radiographs (left side) were evaluated using geometric morphometrics. Geometric morphometric analysis of each sample was performed using 11 pre-specified landmarks designated on X-ray images, using tpsDig2 software. A text file containing the landmark coordinates of the 120 samples was created, and the data in the text file was statistically analyzed using Morpheus software. RESULTS: The projection of the oblique fissure differed significantly between the @entity7864 @entity1 and the control groups (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: We suggest that the difference in the projection of the oblique fissure between @entity1 with and without @entity7864 was attributable to a protrusion in the fissure caused by nodules that developed in the lungs of coal miners after years of dust inhalation (Tab. 4, Fig. 4, Ref. 30).

title: Evaluation of the oblique fissure on lateral chest radiographs in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity7864 :: ('MESH:D055008', 'Disease') :: ["coal worker's pneumoconiosis", 'CWP']

answer: @entity7864 :: (MESH:D055008,Disease) :: ['coal workers pneumoconiosis']


abstract: @entity1112 is the most common cause of isolated cases of @entity121 in males. To @entity854 as a cause of @entity121 in @entity1 and @entity1 , we used dystrophin immunocytochemistry to study muscle biopsies from 505 @entity1 and @entity1 with @entity4094 . Forty-six muscle biopsies showed a combination of fibers containing or lacking dystrophin; this mosaic immunostaining pattern denoted a carrier status. Twenty-one of 46 (45.6%) had a family history of @entity1555 in males. Twenty-five of 46 (54.3%) were isolated cases, with no previous family history of @entity4094 . The laboratory findings of the isolated cases were consistent with the familial cases; all showed @entity121 histopathology and abnormal elevations of serum CK. The clinical presentations of the isolated cases varied but were consistent with the familial cases: 40% (10/25) of isolated cases showed proximal limb weakness before age 10, 24% (6/25) presented with @entity925 or cramps, 24% (6/25) presented with incidental findings of grossly elevated CK levels, 8% (2/25) noted easy fatigue, and 4% (1/25) had slowly progressive proximal limb weakness beginning at age 45. From our data, the clinical criteria for consideration of an underlying dystrophinopathy in isolated female cases of @entity121 are CK levels greater than 1,000 IU/l and @entity121 histopathology. About 10% of the isolated cases of hyperCKemic @entity121 (25/210) were proven by dystrophin analysis to have a dystrophinopathy as the cause of their disease (manifesting carriers of @entity1555 ). However, we feel that this may be an underestimate. The correct diagnosis in these @entity1 is imperative for appropriate genetic counseling to the @entity1 and their families.

title: Dystrophinopathy in isolated cases of XXXX in females.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'girls']

entities_list: @entity4094 :: ('MESH:D009468', 'Disease') :: ['neuromuscular disorder', 'neuromuscular disease']

entities_list: @entity1112 :: ('MESH:D040181', 'Disease') :: ['X-linked dystrophinopathy']

entities_list: @entity1555 :: ('MESH:D020388', 'Disease') :: ['Duchenne dystrophy', 'Duchenne muscular dystrophy']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['investigate dystrophin abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity925 :: ('MESH:D063806', 'Disease') :: ['myalgias']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['myopathic', 'myopathy']

answer: @entity121 :: (MESH:D009135,Disease) :: ['myopathy']


abstract: Growing body of evidence indicates that the functional responses of cells to muscarinic @entity934 receptors (mAChRs) are mediated by multiple receptor subtypes. It is commonly thought that the M2 receptor is the only functional mAChR subtype in the heart and little data regarding the potential roles of other subtypes in cardiac tissues has been reported. In the present study, we provide functional evidence for the presence and physiological function of an M3 receptor in @entity235 atrial myocytes. Using whole-cell patch-clamp techniques, we consistently found that @entity2134 , an mAChR agonist, induced a K+ current similar to but distinct from the classical delayed rectifier K+ current. Same observations were obtained when @entity1877 or @entity30715 ( @entity10226 ) was applied to the bath. The currents were abolished by 1 microM @entity3897 . Antagonists selective to M1 ( @entity4140 , 100 nM), M2 ( @entity10258 100 nM), or M4 ( @entity12023 200 nM) receptors failed to alter the currents. Conversely, three different M3-selective inhibitors, p-F-HHSiD (20-200 nM), @entity4139 (2-10 nM) and @entity4139 mustard (4-20 nM), all produced concentration-dependent suppression of the currents. A cDNA fragment representing the M3 receptor was isolated from @entity235 atrial RNA and the mRNA level of this construct was 0.7 +/- 0.1 pg/microg total RNA, as quantified by the competitive RT-PCR methods. Our data strongly suggested that an M3 receptor exists and is coupled to a @entity3529 channel in the heart.

title: M3 muscarinic receptor activation of a delayed rectifier potassium current in XXXX atrial myocytes.

entities_list: @entity10258 :: ('MESH:C054938', 'Chemical') :: ['methoctramine']

entities_list: @entity4139 :: ('MESH:C042375', 'Chemical') :: ['4-DAMP', '4-DAMP methiodide']

entities_list: @entity2134 :: ('MESH:D010862', 'Chemical') :: ['pilocarpine']

entities_list: @entity3897 :: ('MESH:D001285', 'Chemical') :: ['atropine']

entities_list: @entity4140 :: ('MESH:D010890', 'Chemical') :: ['pirenzepine']

entities_list: @entity12023 :: ('MESH:D014331', 'Chemical') :: ['tropicamide']

entities_list: @entity30715 :: ('MESH:C027917', 'Chemical') :: ['tetramethylammonium']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['canine']


abstract: PURPOSE: Retractile @entity1062 is considered to be a variant of normal @entity1062 in prepubertal @entity1 . There is no agreed-upon management of @entity3314 . The aim of this study was to provide data on the long-term outcomes of @entity1 with @entity3314 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study retrospectively reviewed the medical record of 43 @entity1 who were referred for suspected undescended or @entity3314 and were finally diagnosed with @entity3314 between January 2001 and December 2008. All @entity1 were biannually examined by a pediatric urologist to evaluate the presence of retractile, descended, or undescended @entity1062 and testicular volume. RESULTS: Of 43 @entity1 , there were 22 @entity1 with @entity3314 (51.1%) and 21 @entity1 with bilateral @entity3314 (48.9%). Their mean age was 3.0  2.7 years and the follow-up duration was 4.4  1.7 years. Of 64 retractile testes, 29 (45.3%) succeeded in descending, 26 (40.6%) remained retractile, and 9 (14.1%) became undescended @entity1062 or of a decreased size requiring orchiopexy. The mean initial diagnostic age of the @entity1 who underwent orchiopexy was 1.3  0.9 years; meanwhile, the mean initial diagnostic age of those who went on to have normal @entity1062 was 4.3  3.3 years (p=0.009). The mean follow-up duration was 3.6  1.5 years in the orchiopexy group, 4.0  1.4 years in the descended @entity1062 group, and 5.1  1.8 years in group with remaining @entity3314 . CONCLUSIONS: Retractile @entity1062 has a risk of requiring orchiopexy. The risk is higher in the population diagnosed at a younger age. @entity1 with @entity3314 should be observed periodically until the @entity1062 is descended in the normal position.

title: Long-term outcomes of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Boys', 'patients', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity3314 :: ('MESH:D015436', 'Disease') :: ['retractile testis', 'unilateral retractile testis']

answer: @entity3314 :: (MESH:D015436,Disease) :: ['retractile testis']


abstract: Smoking is associated with @entity30 and nonsmoking with @entity31 . The aim of this study was to compare the clinical features at diagnosis and during the first year of follow-up in smokers and nonsmokers with @entity29 ( @entity29 ). In 19 centers across Europe, a prospective study was performed of 457 newly diagnosed @entity1 with @entity30 and 930 with @entity31 . The characteristics of the disease were recorded by the treating physician by using a standard protocol at the time of diagnosis. Treatment characteristics were assessed after 1 year of follow-up. Weight loss occurred significantly more often in smoking @entity1 with @entity30 , as well as in smokers with @entity31 (p < 0.02), and @entity294 was more frequent in smoking @entity1 with @entity30 compared with non-smoking individuals (p < 0.01). @entity1 with @entity30 who smoke were less likely to have colonic involvement (p < 0.01) and were more often prescribed immunosuppressive medication (p < 0.02). The study suggests that (a) smoking protects the @entity32 and (b) is associated with more active disease in @entity30 . The association between weight loss and smoking in both diseases is probably due to a general effect of smoking. The reported relation between smoking and the course of @entity30 is a strong argument for encouraging @entity1 to give up smoking.

title: @entity29 : is there any relation between smoking status and disease presentation? European Collaborative XXXX Study Group.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['colon from inflammation']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative colitis']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel disease', 'IBD']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ["Crohn's disease"]

answer: @entity29 :: (MESH:D015212,Disease) :: ['IBD']


abstract: @entity189 (SC) of the breast are defined as @entity5 that are composed of @entity3909 and @entity242 -like elements and were known in the past as " @entity6962 ." On the other hand, monophasic SC show features that are similar to those of @entity242 , but epithelial differentiation is detected in the former of these lesions by immunohistochemical methods. Adequate tissue sampling often is required to demonstrate both components of biphasic SC; if properly performed, this procedure greatly reduces the diagnosis of true mammary " @entity242 ." The @entity5 is characterized either by features of a @entity957 or an @entity420 . Squamous differentiation is more often associated with a spindle-cell, @entity1492 -like, or @entity1418 ( @entity1418 )-like sarcomatoid component, whereas @entity420 usually are admixed with @entity242 -like tissues having "heterologous" properties. The overtly epithelial elements of biphasic SC are always immunoreactive for keratin, but areas that simulate @entity242 express this protein more heterogeneously. Both components may show positivity for @entity2277 , although the @entity242 -like elements do so more consistently. Monophasic SC is composed solely of fusiform and pleomorphic cells that are keratin-positive despite their mimicry of sarcomatous differentiation. This @entity5 variant commonly assumes a myxoid, angiomatoid, or storiform growth pattern, without recognizable @entity3909 foci by light microscopy. Prognosis and involvement of regional lymph nodes in mammary SC cases is controversial, because different @entity5 have been grouped together in the past for the analysis of these variables. However, SC generally has a less favorable outcome than that of @entity189 of the breast.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Sarcomatoid @entity5 of the breast: proposed definitions for biphasic and monophasic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity242 :: ('MESH:D012509', 'Disease') :: ['sarcoma', 'sarcomas']

entities_list: @entity1418 :: ('MESH:D051677', 'Disease') :: ['MFH', 'malignant fibrous histiocytoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'carcinomatous element of biphasic tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3909 :: ('MESH:D055756', 'Disease') :: ['overtly carcinomatous', 'carcinomatous']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['ordinary invasive carcinomas', 'Biphasic sarcomatoid carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity1492 :: ('MESH:D005354', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinomas', 'invasive ductal adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity6962 :: ('MESH:D002296', 'Disease') :: ['carcinosarcomas']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['sarcomatoid mammary carcinomas']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The present study was undertaken to study the larvicidal activity of different extracts of @entity48743 leaves, and post-treatment temperature- @entity137 relationship of these extracts against @entity10722 . Further, the most potent extract was used to evaluate its biological and genotoxic activities. METHODS: Crude extracts of @entity48743 leaves were prepared using water, @entity3636 , @entity1324 and @entity4543 as solvents. Extraction was carried out using soxhlet apparatus. Bioassay test was carried out on the larvae, and the LC50 of each extract was determined. Thus, newly hatched first instar larvae were treated, and the mortality count was recorded daily till pupation (accumulated mortality). The LC50 of @entity4543 extract, as the most potent extract, was used for the further biological and genotoxic studies. RESULTS: The results obtained indicated that @entity4543 extract of @entity48743 leaves was the most potent extract, with LC50 of 10500 mg/l. The @entity137 of the four extracts, using the LC50, at 10   C was higher than that at 35   C. The LC50 of @entity4543 extract significantly decreased the larval duration, pupal duration, percentage of pupation, percentage of adult emergence, longevity of females, fecundity, and oviposition activity index, whereas the growth index and the percentage of development per day of larvae and pupae were significantly increased compared to non-treated insects. Moreover, treatment with this extract induced significant dominant lethality in both male and female adults. CONCLUSION: It appears that @entity4543 extract of @entity48743 leaves is potential control agent to Cx. pipiens.

title: Larvicidal, Biological and Genotoxic Effects, and Temperature- @entity137 Relationship of Some Leaf Extracts of @entity48743 (Apocynaceae) on XXXX (Diptera: Culicidae).

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity10722 :: ('7175', 'Species') :: ['Culex pipiens']

entities_list: @entity3636 :: ('MESH:D002725', 'Chemical') :: ['chloroform']

entities_list: @entity48743 :: ('63479', 'Species') :: ['Nerium oleander', 'N. oleander']

entities_list: @entity4543 :: ('MESH:D004986', 'Chemical') :: ['diethyl ether']

answer: @entity10722 :: (7175,Species) :: ['Culex pipiens']


abstract: The effect of @entity3810 ( @entity3727 ) on the MAC of @entity4488 , @entity1508 , and @entity5161 was determined in male @entity35 . Each @entity35 received either @entity4488 , @entity1508 , or @entity5161 , along with 0%, 15%, or 75% @entity3727 . Anesthetic equilibration was verified by mass spectrometry sampling of end-tidal gases. MAC was determined at each @entity3727 concentration by the standard tail clamp method. The @entity3727 dose-response data for each animal were fit by a second-order polynomial equation to estimate the value of a second-order coefficient. A linear dose-response would result in a value of zero, whereas the extent to which the data deviate from nonlinearity would be reflected by an increase in the value of this coefficient. The null hypothesis, that the second-order coefficient should be zero, was tested by a one-sample two-tailed t test. The volatile anesthetic requirement decreased as the @entity3727 concentration increased; however, it did not do so linearly. For each of the three volatile anesthetic groups, the second-order coefficients were consistently greater than zero (P less than 0.05). These data are not consistent with the accepted presumption that the summation of @entity3727 with volatile anesthetics is linear.

title: The nonlinear potency of sub-MAC concentrations of @entity3810 in decreasing the anesthetic requirement of @entity4488 , @entity1508 , and XXXX in @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity1508 :: ('MESH:D006221', 'Chemical') :: ['halothane']

entities_list: @entity3810 :: ('MESH:D009609', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrous oxide']

entities_list: @entity5161 :: ('MESH:D007530', 'Chemical') :: ['isoflurane']

entities_list: @entity4488 :: ('MESH:D004737', 'Chemical') :: ['enflurane']

answer: @entity5161 :: (MESH:D007530,Chemical) :: ['isoflurane']


abstract: Cardiovascular prevention should only be considered if the treatment reduces the incidence of coronary and cerebrovascular events and @entity204 . In elderly @entity1 , such treatment should also, and most importantly, help maintain a good quality of life, without increasing the risk of iatrogenic side-effects. These key-elements should be kept in mind when prescription of a statin is envisaged in the old (> 70 years) and especially the very old (> 80 years) individual. Randomised controlled trials in @entity1 above 70 years are rather rare. In the field of cardiovascular prevention, two studies provide information, on post-hoc analysis of the @entity299 ( @entity299 ) with @entity3413 and the PROSPER trial with @entity8673 . The protection observed in the general population of @entity299 was also present in the subgroup of subjects aged above 70, both for coronary and cardiovascular events. The difference was less impressive in PROSPER, without any significant difference as far as the incidence of @entity64 was concerned. None of these two prospective trials provide specific data on individuals above 80. Interestingly, some experimental and epidemiological observations suggested that @entity6817 may prevent @entity195 . However, the data from @entity299 and PROSPER are not convincing in this respect. Thus, results from new ongoing trials should be awaited, especially in @entity1 with mild to moderate @entity195 . Finally, it is noteworthy that low serum @entity165 level can be used as a marker of poor nutrition in very old @entity1 . Such condition is rather common, especially among institutionalised subjects, and is usually associated with a higher risk of morbidity and mortality.

title: [Do statins have a place for cardiovascular prevention in elderly XXXX ?].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity3413 :: ('MESH:D019821', 'Chemical') :: ['simvastatin']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['Alzheimer disease']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['Heart Protection Study', 'HPS']

entities_list: @entity8673 :: ('MESH:D017035', 'Chemical') :: ['pravastatin']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['people']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Despite advanced microsurgical techniques, more refined instrumentation, and expert team management, there is still a significant incidence of complications in @entity5513 surgery. OBJECTIVE: To analyze complications from the microsurgical treatment of @entity5513 by an expert surgical team and to propose strategies for minimizing such complications. METHODS: Surgical outcomes and complications were evaluated in a consecutive series of 410 unilateral @entity5513 treated from 2000 to 2009. Clinical status and complications were assessed postoperatively (within 7 days) and at the time of follow-up (range, 1-116 months; mean, 32.7 months). RESULTS: Follow-up data were available for 357 of the 410 @entity1 (87.1%). Microsurgical @entity5 resection was performed through a retrosigmoid approach in 70.7% of cases. Thirty-three @entity1 (8%) had intrameatal @entity5 and 204 (49.8%) had @entity5 that were <20 mm. Gross total resection was performed in 306 @entity1 (74.6%). Hearing preservation surgery was attempted in 170 @entity1 with @entity5 <20 mm, and good hearing was preserved in 74.1%. The main @entity16 was @entity3541 (House-Brackmann grade III-VI), observed in 14% of @entity1 (56 cases) postoperatively; however, 59% of them improved during the follow-up period. Other @entity16 were disequilibrium in 6.3%, facial numbness in 2.2%, and lower @entity129 in 0.5%. @entity532 included @entity5173 in 7.6%, wound @entity281 in 2.2%, and @entity693 in 1.7%. CONCLUSION: Many of these complications are avoidable through further refinement of operative technique, and strategies for avoiding complications are proposed.

title: Contemporary surgical management of XXXX : analysis of complications and lessons learned over the past decade.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity129 :: ('MESH:D003389', 'Disease') :: ['cranial nerve deficit']

entities_list: @entity5513 :: ('MESH:D009464', 'Disease') :: ['vestibular schwannomas', 'vestibular schwannoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological complication', 'neurological complications']

entities_list: @entity532 :: ('MESH:D003925', 'Disease') :: ['Nonneurological complications']

entities_list: @entity693 :: ('MESH:D008581', 'Disease') :: ['meningitis']

entities_list: @entity5173 :: ('MESH:D065634', 'Disease') :: ['cerebrospinal fluid leaks']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity3541 :: ('MESH:D005158', 'Disease') :: ['facial palsy']

answer: @entity5513 :: (MESH:D009464,Disease) :: ['vestibular schwannomas']


abstract: PURPOSE: About 40-50 % of @entity5 @entity1 use complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). @entity1 , and especially those with gynecological @entity5 , are more active in this field than @entity1 . The goal of our study was to estimate the likelihood of CAM use and the likelihood of interactions of CAM with @entity5 therapy in the setting of a gynecological outpatient clinic at a German @entity5 ( @entity5 ). METHODS: One hundred consecutive gynecological outdoor @entity1 of the @entity5 in Frankfurt am Main in Germany were interviewed with a standardized questionnaire on CAM use. An investigation on potential interactions was done by matching a scientific database systematically. RESULTS: Sixty-nine of the interviewed 100 @entity1 received chemotherapy, 23 endocrine therapy and 41 monoclonal antibodies. In total, 64 % used CAM, 48 % used at least one substance-bound CAM. In 17 out of those 48 cases (35 %), interactions were unlikely, whereas they were probable in 14 @entity1 (29 %). Thus, a third of all @entity1 in this study were in danger of interactions. More than half of all CAM users and three quarters of users of substance-bound CAM are at risk of interactions. This number is independent of whether the @entity1 is taking chemotherapy, endocrine therapy or antibodies. CONCLUSIONS: The frequency of CAM use we found is in line with international data from CCCs in the USA. To our knowledge, this is the first study publishing data on the frequency of potential interactions. Thus, an initiative to protect @entity1 from the dangers of uncontrolled CAM use is urgently needed. In the discussion, we propose a concept of how to achieve this aim.

title: Potential interactions of complementary and alternative medicine with @entity5 therapy in outpatients with gynecological XXXX in a comprehensive @entity5 center.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['CCC', 'cancers', 'Comprehensive Cancer Center', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'Women', 'patient', 'men']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: As part of an effort to develop a more effective and safe treatment for relapsed or @entity1893 ( @entity1893 ), we conducted a phase II study of the @entity901 , @entity2879 , and @entity1260 (IFETOx) regimen. @entity1 with relapsed or @entity1893 and a performance status of 0-2 were eligible. The IFETOx consisted of @entity2879 at 100 mg/m(2) on days 1-3, @entity901 at 130 mg/m(2) on day 2, and @entity1260 5,000 mg/m(2) on day 2, every 21 days. The primary endpoint was the overall response rate (ORR) for IFETOx regimen. A total of 23 eligible @entity1 were enrolled. The median age was 58 years (range 19-76 years), and the male-to-female ratio was 15:8. The disease status was as follows: 15 @entity1 had relapsed and 8 @entity1 were refractory to treatment. The ORR for IFETOx chemotherapy was 65.2 %. In the 15 @entity1 who responded to the protocol treatment, five underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The 2-year probability of progression-free survival and overall survival rates were 51.4 and 56.1 %, respectively. Grade 3/4 @entity1398 was observed in 73.9 % of the @entity1 . No significant @entity8 was observed. In conclusion, IFETOx chemotherapy shows a tolerable @entity137 profile and efficacy as a salvage treatment regimen for relapsed or @entity1893 .

title: Phase II study of XXXX , @entity2879 , and @entity901 (IFETOx) chemotherapy for relapsed or @entity1893 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity901 :: ('MESH:C030110', 'Chemical') :: ['oxaliplatin']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal impairment']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity2879 :: ('MESH:D005047', 'Chemical') :: ['etoposide']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity1260 :: ('MESH:D007069', 'Chemical') :: ['ifosfamide']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ['NHL', 'refractory NHL', "refractory non-Hodgkin's lymphoma"]

answer: @entity1260 :: (MESH:D007069,Chemical) :: ['ifosfamide']


abstract: @entity1838 may be a particularly effective organism for use in delivering heterologous antigens to stimulate a common mucosal immune response. A live attenuated vaccine strain of @entity1838 was constructed from the ctxA deletion mutant 0395-N1, containing the B subunit of @entity6835 -like toxin I under the transcriptional control of the @entity68 -regulated irgA promoter. The B subunit of @entity6835 -like toxin I is identical to the B subunit of @entity6835 toxin (StxB). irgA encodes the major @entity68 -regulated outer membrane protein of @entity1838 , which is a known virulence factor for this organism. Clones of the structural gene irgA from the classical @entity1838 0395, with the gene for the @entity6835 -like toxin I B subunit inserted under the control of the irgA promoter, were used to introduce an internal deletion of irgA into the chromosome of 0395-N1 by in vivo marker exchange, using the suicide vector plasmid pCVD442. This plasmid contains the sacB gene from @entity3881 , which allowed positive selection for loss of plasmid sequences on exposure to @entity969 . The construction of vaccine strains was confirmed by Southern hybridization studies and outer membrane protein analysis. The expression of StxB in the vaccine strain VAC2 following growth in high- or low- @entity68 conditions was shown to be tightly @entity68 -regulated by Western blot analysis and by quantification of StxB using a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The production of StxB by VAC2 under low- @entity68 conditions was greater than that of the reference strain @entity14342 60R.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Use of the XXXX irgA gene as a locus for insertion and expression of heterologous antigens in cholera vaccine strains.

entities_list: @entity1838 :: ('666', 'Species') :: ['V. cholerae strain', 'V. cholerae', 'Vibrio cholerae']

entities_list: @entity969 :: ('MESH:D013395', 'Chemical') :: ['sucrose']

entities_list: @entity14342 :: ('622', 'Species') :: ['Shigella dysenteriae']

entities_list: @entity3881 :: ('1423', 'Species') :: ['Bacillus subtilis']

answer: @entity1838 :: (666,Species) :: ['Vibrio cholerae']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recent in vitro studies have shown that disturbed flow and oxidative conditions induce the expression of bone morphogenic proteins ( @entity18435 ) in cultured endothelial cells. BMPs can stimulate @entity224 production and inflammatory responses in endothelial cells, raising the possibility that BMPs may play a role in @entity455 such as @entity101 and @entity731 . In this study, we examined the hypothesis that @entity7739 would induce @entity101 in intact animals by increasing @entity224 production from vascular @entity1110 ( @entity1110 ) oxidases and an @entity73 responses. METHODS AND RESULTS: @entity7739 infusion by osmotic pumps increased systolic blood pressure in a time- and dose-dependent manner in both C57BL/6 @entity19 (from 101 to 125 mm Hg) and @entity6970 -null @entity19 (from 107 to 146 mm Hg) after 4 weeks. Cotreatment with the BMP antagonist @entity13421 or the @entity1110 oxidase inhibitor @entity12824 completely blocked the @entity7739 effect. In addition, @entity7739 infusion stimulated aortic @entity1110 oxidase activity and impaired vasorelaxation, both of which were prevented either by coinfusing @entity13421 or by treating the isolated aortas with @entity12824 . @entity7739 , however, did not cause significant changes in maximum relaxation induced by the endothelium-independent vasodilator @entity1242 . Remarkably, @entity7739 infusion failed to stimulate aortic @entity1110 oxidases, increase blood pressure, and impair vasodilation responses in @entity19994 -deficient @entity19 . CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that @entity7739 infusion induces @entity101 in @entity19 in a vascular @entity1110 oxidase-dependent manner and the subsequent @entity409 . We suggest that @entity7739 is a novel mediator of @entity409 and @entity101 and that @entity13421 and its analogs could be used as therapeutic agents for treating @entity455 .

title: Bone morphogenic protein-4 induces @entity101 in XXXX : role of @entity13421 , vascular @entity1110 oxidases, and impaired vasorelaxation.

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular diseases']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity1242 :: ('MESH:D005996', 'Chemical') :: ['nitroglycerin']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['impairment of vasodilation']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['endothelial dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1110 :: ('MESH:D009249', 'Chemical') :: ['nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate', 'NADPH']

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: The goal of antihypertensive therapy is to reduce the risk associated with blood pressure elevation. Although the choice of first-line drug therapy may exert some effects on different long-term cardiovascular endpoints, randomized clinical trials and meta-analyses demonstrated that blood pressure reduction per se is the primary determinant in primary and secondary prevention. Numerous analyses carried out over the last years have repeatedly shown that many @entity1 require the combination of two or more drugs to reach the recommended level of blood pressure control. Within this context, combination therapy with separate agents or fixed-dose combination pills offers an attractive ability to lower blood pressure more quickly, decrease adverse effects and reach blood pressure target. It is not clear whether fixed @entity18274 of antihypertensive agents in a single tablet provide a greater benefit than the corresponding components given separately. In other words, it is not clear if the use of fixed @entity18274 translates into a clearly improved blood pressure control and cardiovascular prevention in clinical practice. Fixed-dose @entity18274 may simplify the treatment regimen by reducing the number of pills and may be attractive for many @entity101 @entity1 . However, single-pill (fixed) drug @entity18274 have some disadvantages: (i) branded fixed @entity18274 may be more expensive than equivalent free @entity18274 ; (ii) the duration of action of individual components may not be equivalent, and this may not justify a single daily dosing of the combination; and (iii) the use of fixed @entity18274 implies less flexibility in modifying the doses of individual components and the exposure of @entity1 to unnecessary therapy. Moreover, should a @entity1 develop side effects to one component, the entire combination should be discontinued and replaced by free drugs. The following three types of fixed-dose tablets have been recently proposed to give additional flexibility: (i) tablet manufactured so that each of the two drugs is placed at opposite ends of the tablet with a drug-free (inactive) layer placed in between; (ii) tablet with the combination of drugs at each end with the inactive zone in between; and (iii) tablet divided into discrete, separate segments (the two drugs are combined uniformly), which provides benefits for initial close titration and dosage adjustments. Currently, none of the fixed-dose tablets available on the market have these characteristics and, consequently, are unable to be broken to allow sufficient flexibility.

title: Fixed-dose combination therapy in XXXX : cons.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity18274 :: ('MESH:D009100', 'Disease') :: ['combinations']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertension']


abstract: Deposition of @entity7110 ( @entity7110 ) is an important step in the pathogenesis of @entity1988 . Impairment of @entity7110 -clearance contributes to the accumulation of @entity7110 . It may be partly attributed to decreased complement containing immune complex (ICC) binding by erythrocytic complement receptor 1 (ECR1). Stimulating erythropoiesis with recombinant @entity1 @entity1307 (rHuEPO) may enhance the @entity7110 -clearance as increasing ECR1 expression and/or functional activity. Ten anemic @entity1 with @entity1988 were treated with 50 IU rHuEPO (Eprex) per kg body weight three times a week during a five week period. ICC-binding capacity of ECR1 was determined with 125I-labelled, C3ib containing BSA-anti-BSA complexes. In addition to effective correction of @entity417 , indicated by increased red blood cell count (RBC), hemoglobin concentration and reticulocyte ratio, rHuEPO significantly improved decreased ECR1 functional (ICC-binding) activity in @entity1 with @entity1988 . This improvement correlated with the increase in reticulocyte ratio. Although @entity1 were kept on their previous therapy during Eprex administration, their clinical condition also improved. That was shown by a decrease in Westergreen ratio, serum @entity1011 concentration and anti-dsDNA level and also by an increase in @entity1011 clearance. Results suggest a beneficial immune modulatory effect of rHuEPO in @entity1988 .

title: Recombinant XXXX @entity1307 modulates erythrocyte complement receptor 1 functional activity in @entity1 with @entity1988 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity7110 :: ('MESH:D007105', 'Disease') :: ['immune complexes', 'IC']

entities_list: @entity1307 :: ('2056', 'Gene') :: ['erythropoietin']

entities_list: @entity1988 :: ('MESH:D008181', 'Disease') :: ['lupus nephritis']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity1 recombinant insulin-like growth factor-1 (hrIGF-1), a ubiquitous angiogenic growth factor, was injected into the vitreous cavity of @entity1707 to investigate the clinical and histopathologic consequences of supraphysiologic levels of this angiogenic growth factor on the retinal vasculature. DESIGN: Young male @entity1707 were injected with 600 microg hrIGF-1 into the vitreous cavity and were observed with serial examinations by ophthalmoscopy, fundus photography, and @entity941 angiography for varying periods up to 6 months. In a separate set of experiments, a dose-response relation was explored in animals injected with varying doses of @entity24369 . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Histopathologic analysis included light and transmission electron microscopy and modified elastase digestion. Quantitative morphometric measurements were made of capillary basement membrane thickness and endothelial cell and pericyte densities of the retinal capillaries. RESULTS: Early clinical features of @entity24369 -injected eyes included marked arteriolar tortuosity, vitreitis, and retinal vessel and optic nerve head vascular @entity941 leakage. By 4 weeks, hyperfluorescent dots consistent with microaneurysms appeared and increased in number until 8 weeks postinjection. Clinical findings did not change appreciably after 8 weeks. Elastase digestion showed @entity2479 and no @entity63 or pericyte ghosts. Quantitative analysis of the digested specimens showed increased endothelial density by 1 month after injection (P < 0.05). Transmission electron microscopic cross-sections of capillaries showed significant basement membrane thickening by 3 months (P < 0.05). Lower doses of @entity24369 showed fewer clinical and histopathologic changes, and no significant changes were noted with a single 6 microg injection. Suspending hrIGF-1 in acidic buffer produced @entity32 than use of bovine serum albumin at neutral pH. CONCLUSIONS: A single intravitreous injection of a large dose of hrIGF-1 produces a @entity989 that has a prolonged time of onset and remains stable from 2 to 6 months after injection. Some aspects of this @entity2333 resemble @entity6 , suggesting growth factor effects in the morphologic vascular changes of @entity6 .

title: Insulin-like growth factor-1 @entity989 in the XXXX eye.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['less intraocular inflammation']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes', 'diabetic retinopathy']

entities_list: @entity2479 :: ('MESH:D012173', 'Disease') :: ['microaneurysms of the retinal capillaries']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity941 :: ('MESH:D019793', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorescein']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['retinal microangiopathy']

entities_list: @entity2333 :: ('MESH:D001018', 'Disease') :: ['angiopathy']

answer: @entity1707 :: (9823,Species) :: ['pig']


abstract: PURPOSE: To review the long-term duration of @entity5 complete remission (CR) and @entity1 survival following therapeutic hyperthermic isolated limb perfusion (ILP) with cytotoxic drugs for @entity320 . METHODS: A retrospective case series of 124 ILPs performed in 111 @entity1 . RESULTS: There were 120 assessable ILPs. @entity1 staging (M.D. Anderson system) was stage II 11.7%, stage IIIA 44.2%, stage IIIAB 33.3%, and stage IV 10.8%. CR was initially attained after 83 ILPs (69.2%) and partial remission (PR) after 19 ILPs (15.8%). Limb CR was maintained in 28 (33.7%) of the 83 cases. Disease recurred in the perfused limb after an initial CR in the remaining 55 cases (median time to recurrence, 11 months); in 19 of these cases, the limb was disease-free at last follow-up after further locoregional treatment. A long-term CR was achieved, with or without further treatment, in 47 (56.6%) of the 83 cases in which an initial CR had occurred (mean follow-up, 97 months; median, 65 months). There was no significant difference in long-term local remission for stage IIIA and IIIAB @entity1 . Five-year survival for those who had a partial or no response to ILP was 7%. Ten-year survival for those who had a long-term CR was 49%. CONCLUSIONS: ILP, with or without further locoregional treatment, achieved long-term control of recurrent and metastatic limb disease in 56.6% of cases in which an initial CR was achieved. A complete response to ILP was a positive prognostic indicator for survival, probably reflecting more favorable @entity5 biology in this subset of @entity1 .

title: Long-term results of hyperthermic, isolated limb perfusion for XXXX : a reflection of @entity5 biology.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['limb tumor', 'tumor']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma']

answer: @entity320 :: (MESH:D008545,Disease) :: ['melanoma']


abstract: Video recordings of free behavior and responses to mechanical facial stimulation were analyzed to assess whether @entity8638 ( @entity8638 ) to the @entity35 's infraorbital nerve ( @entity39916 ) results in behavioral alterations indicative of @entity9 . A unilateral @entity8638 was produced by placing loose chromic gut ligatures around the @entity39916 . After @entity8638 to the @entity39916 , @entity35 exhibited changes in both non-evoked and evoked behavior. Behavioral changes developed in two phases. Early after @entity8638 (postoperative days 1-15), @entity35 showed increased face-grooming activity with face-wash strokes directed to the injured nerve territory, while the responsiveness to stimulation of this area was decreased. Later after @entity8638 (postoperative days 15-130), the prevalence of asymmetric face grooming was reduced but remained significantly increased compared to control @entity35 . The early hyporesponsiveness was abruptly replaced by an extreme hyperresponsiveness: all stimulus intensities applied to the injured nerve territory evoked the "maximal" response (brisk head withdrawal, avoidance behavior plus directed face grooming). This response was never observed in control @entity35 . Concurrently, @entity39916 ligation @entity35 showed a limited increase in the responsiveness to stimulation of the contralateral @entity39916 territory, and around postoperative days 30-40 the responsiveness to stimulation of facial areas outside the @entity39916 territories also increased. The hyperresponsiveness to stimulation of the ligated @entity39916 territory slightly decreased from 60 d postoperative. Throughout the study, @entity39916 ligation @entity35 showed decreased exploratory behavior, displayed more freezing-like behavior, had a slower body @entity1017 , and a higher defecation rate, compared to control @entity35 . The behavioral alterations observed after @entity8638 to the @entity39916 are indicative of severe @entity132 within the territory of the injured nerve: mechanical allodynia develops after a period of relative hypo-/anesthesia during which behavioral signs of recurrent spontaneous, aversive (possibly painful) sensations (paresthesias/dysesthesias) are maximal.

title: Behavioral evidence of trigeminal @entity9 following XXXX to the @entity35 's infraorbital nerve.

entities_list: @entity132 :: ('MESH:D010468', 'Disease') :: ['sensory disturbances']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['weight gain']

entities_list: @entity8638 :: ('MESH:D020208', 'Disease') :: ['chronic constriction injury', 'CCI']

entities_list: @entity9 :: ('MESH:D009437', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathic pain']

answer: @entity8638 :: (MESH:D020208,Disease) :: ['chronic constriction injury']