abstract: PURPOSE: To determine if common polymorphisms in the endotoxin recognition complex influence the acute phase response as determined by the development of the @entity1850 ( @entity1850 ) and platelet count on admission. METHODS: This was a prospective observational cohort study. Paediatric intensive care @entity1 (n = 913) were genotyped for common functional polymorphisms in the endotoxin recognition complex, including @entity2939 ( @entity2939 ). We also selected potentially confounding polymorphisms in other genes of the innate immune system. @entity1850 was defined by age-specific consensus criteria. Platelet counts were recorded on admission. RESULTS: The development of @entity1850 was primarily determined by the nature of the insult, but carriers of @entity2939 variant alleles had lower platelet counts than @entity1 with wild-type genotype [mean +/- standard error of the mean (SEM) 143 +/- 7 vs. 175 +/- 4; p = 0.0001)--independent of other innate immune system polymorphisms. These findings were validated using a @entity1 cohort of 1,170 adults with @entity453 . Carriers of @entity2939 polymorphisms with a history of @entity583 (n = 573) had lower platelet counts than those with the wild-type genotype (217 +/- 7 vs. 237 +/- 2.8; p = 0.021). CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that @entity2939 variant alleles are associated with lower platelet counts across a range of ages and precipitating insults but that they do not influence the incidence of @entity1850 . This result may reflect redundancy and 'robustness' in the pathways leading to @entity1850 or the lack of specificity of this endpoint. Platelet count may vary with @entity2939 genotype because it may be sufficiently sensitive and more linearly related to @entity32 than other markers or, alternatively, there may be a direct @entity2939 -mediated platelet effect.

title: Genetic polymorphisms in the endotoxin receptor may influence platelet count as part of the acute phase response in critically ill XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity1850 :: ('MESH:D018746', 'Disease') :: ['systemic inflammatory response syndrome', 'SIRS']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Despite the wide use of the 6   min walk distance (6MWD), no study has ever assessed its validity as a surrogate marker for haemodynamics and predictor of outcome in isolated @entity120 associated with @entity785 (SSc- @entity2556 ). We designed this work to address this issue. METHODS: Treatment-na  ve @entity1 with SSc- @entity2556 were prospectively included from two sources: the French @entity2556 Network (a prospective epidemiological cohort) (n=83) and randomised clinical trials submitted for drug approval (Food and Drug Administration) (n=332). Correlations between absolute values of the 6MWD and haemodynamics at baseline, as well as between variations of 6MWD and haemodynamics during follow-up, were studied in both populations. RESULTS: In the French @entity998 (CO) (R(2)=0.19, p=0.001) and New York Heart Association class (R(2)=0.10, p<0.001) were significantly and independently correlated with baseline 6MWD in multivariate analysis. A significant, independent, but weaker, correlation with CO was also found in the Food and Drug Administration sample (R(2)=0.04, p<0.001). During follow-up, there was no association between the changes in 6MWD and haemodynamic parameters in @entity1 under @entity2556 -specific treatments. CONCLUSIONS: In SSc- @entity2556 , CO independently correlates with 6MWD at baseline, but accounts for a small amount of the variance of 6MWD in both study samples. This suggests that other non-haemodynamic factors could have an impact on the walk distance. Moreover, variations of 6MWD do not reflect changes in haemodynamics among treated @entity1 . Our results suggest that 6MWD is not an accurate surrogate marker for haemodynamic severity, nor an appropriate outcome measure to assess changes in haemodynamics during follow-up in treated SSc- @entity2556 .

title: A prospective study of the 6   min walk test as a surrogate marker for haemodynamics in two independent cohorts of treatment-na  ve XXXX -associated @entity120 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity998 :: ('MESH:D002303', 'Disease') :: ['cohort, baseline cardiac output']

entities_list: @entity120 :: ('MESH:D006976', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary arterial hypertension']

entities_list: @entity785 :: ('MESH:D012595', 'Disease') :: ['systemic sclerosis']

answer: @entity785 :: (MESH:D012595,Disease) :: ['systemic sclerosis']


abstract: Conflicting results concerning the effect of @entity2023 ( @entity2023 ) on @entity566 to plant foods have been reported. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of @entity2023 using a birch pollen extract on @entity5419 with focus on @entity566 to apple. Seventy-four birch pollen- @entity56 @entity1 were included in a double-blind, double-dummy, and placebo-controlled comparison of sublingual-swallow (SLIT) and subcutaneous (SCIT) administration of a birch pollen extract. Sixty-nine percent of these @entity1 reported @entity566 to apple. The clinical reactivity to apple was evaluated by open oral challenges with fresh apple and a questionnaire. The immunoglobulin E (IgE)-reactivity was assessed by skin prick test (SPT), specific IgE, and leukocyte @entity112 release (HR). Forty @entity1 were included in the final evaluation of the effect of @entity2023 . The challenges were positive in 9 (SCIT), 6 (SLIT), and 8 (placebo) @entity1 after treatment compared to 10, 4, and 10 @entity1 , respectively, before @entity2023 . The symptom scores to apple during challenges decreased in all groups, but only significantly in the placebo group (p = 0.03). As evaluated by the questionnaire, the severity of @entity5419 in general did not change and there were no differences between the groups. In spite of a significant effect on seasonal @entity2023 and use of medication and decrease in IgE-reactivity, @entity2023 was not accompanied by a significant decrease in the severity of @entity566 to apple compared to placebo. Therefore, @entity566 ( @entity566 ) to apple should not be considered as a main criterion for selecting @entity1 for birch pollen immunotherapy at present.

title: XXXX to apple and specific immunotherapy with birch pollen.

entities_list: @entity2023 :: ('MESH:D006255', 'Disease') :: ['hay fever symptoms', 'specific pollen immunotherapy', 'SIT']

entities_list: @entity5419 :: ('MESH:D005512', 'Disease') :: ['food allergy']

entities_list: @entity566 :: ('MESH:D006967', 'Disease') :: ['OAS', 'allergy', 'oral allergy syndrome']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic']

entities_list: @entity112 :: ('MESH:D006632', 'Chemical') :: ['histamine']

answer: @entity5419 :: (MESH:D005512,Disease) :: ['Food allergy']


abstract: A 35 y old @entity1 with severe and progressive @entity1252 ( @entity1252 ) received high-dose chemotherapy followed by a T cell depleted autologous stem cell transplantation. Peripheral blood stem cell were mobilised with @entity786 4.5 g/m2 followed by @entity1261 ( @entity1261 ). A @entity2280 positive selection provided a 3 log T cell depletion. High-dose immunosuppression consisted of the BEAM regimen. The purified autograft was reinfused on day 0. In the post transplant period, hemopoietic growth factors, @entity1261 , @entity2841 ( @entity2841 ) and @entity1307 , were administered, engraftment was rapid. Both the mobilisation and the transplant procedures were easily performed and well tolerated. One year later, the @entity1 is in clinical remission. The ANA and anti-SSA-antibodies were undetectable at 1 and 6 months after intensification, but reappeared at low levels at 9 months. Corticosteroid requirement has gradually decreased. In conclusion, we report here the favourable evolution of a @entity1 with a severe @entity1252 , who clinically improved with high-dose immunosuppressive therapy and autologous stem cell transplantation, and showed a 9 month serological remission.

title: Control of severe @entity1252 after high-dose immunusuppressive therapy and transplantation of XXXX + purified autologous stem cells from peripheral blood.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1261 :: ('1440', 'Gene') :: ['Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor', 'G-CSF']

entities_list: @entity1252 :: ('MESH:D008180', 'Disease') :: ['SLE', 'systemic lupus erythematosus']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['Cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity1307 :: ('2056', 'Gene') :: ['Erythropoietin']

entities_list: @entity2841 :: ('1437', 'Gene') :: ['Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor', 'GM-CSF']

answer: @entity2280 :: (947,Gene) :: ['CD34']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 127 Background: For @entity43 ( @entity43 ) survivors, serious @entity250 is one of the most distressing long-term side effects of treatment, with up to 90% survivors reporting a @entity393 in sexual activity for years after diagnosis. Despite the prevalence and magnitude of the problem, treatment-related @entity250 and accompanying @entity458 are not addressed for most survivors. There is a critical need to address these problems for @entity43 survivors. METHODS: We are currently piloting a novel psychosexual intervention to help @entity1 manage sexual changes and improve @entity43 treatment. Guided by Self-Determination Theory, this group-based intervention also aims to enhance @entity1 's self-efficacy to address problems. Eligibility criteria include: @entity43 diagnosis, functional ability, and @entity250 . @entity1 participate in a single half-day workshop, complete questionnaires, and engage in a booster telephone session. Detailed workshop evaluations are collected to assess @entity1 's feedback of the group session. This study is currently enrolling. RESULTS: To date, 369 @entity1 have been contacted, of which 45 (12.2%) have attended or are scheduled to attend a group session. Preliminary feedback data indicate high favorability of the group session; 100% of the @entity1 (N = 16) agreed or strongly agreed that the content of the group session was easy to understand and that the group session gave helpful information for addressing treatment-related sexual problems. Additionally, 100% of @entity1 agreed that they were satisfied with the group session and enjoyed participating in it. CONCLUSIONS: Preliminary data show that @entity1 report multiple benefits from the session content and are highly satisfied with the group session. However, low response rates raise several questions with regard to timing and recruitment of a sexual health intervention after @entity43 treatment. Next steps include quantitative analyses of changes in sexual function, sexual knowledge, and sexual self-efficacy consequent to the group intervention. CLINICAL TRIAL INFORMATION: NCT02287519.

title: Preliminary results from the Sexual Therapy and Rehabilitation after Treatment for XXXX (START- @entity43 ) study.

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['OC', 'ovarian cancer', 'sexual functioning after ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'Women']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['psychological distress']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['loss of interest']

entities_list: @entity250 :: ('MESH:D012735', 'Disease') :: ['sexual dysfunction']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['Ovarian Cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate whether irreversible electroporation (IRE) can be used as an ablation technique for small @entity703 ( @entity5 or small @entity5 ) and to describe features after ablation on computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this retrospective study, 20 @entity1 (mean age, 65 y    12.8 y) underwent CT-guided IRE of T1a @entity703 (n = 13) or small benign or indeterminate renal masses < 4 cm in size (n = 7). Mean @entity5 size was 2.2 cm    0.7. The ablation area was verified with contrast-enhanced imaging performed immediately after the procedure to determine technical success. Imaging was performed 6 weeks (20 of 20 @entity1 ), 6 months (15 of 20), and 12 months (6 of 20) after ablation. Medical records and CT/MR imaging features of all @entity1 were reviewed for recurrence, symptoms, and complications after treatment. RESULTS: Technical success was achieved in all @entity1 (100%); there were no major procedure-related complications. Minor complications occurred in 7 @entity1 , including self-limiting perinephric @entity1410 , @entity158 difficult to control, and urinary retention. Mean procedure time was 2.0 hours    0.7. At 6 weeks, 2 @entity1 required salvage therapy because of incomplete ablation. At 6 months, all 15 @entity1 with imaging studies available had no evidence of recurrence. At 1 year, 1 @entity1 (1 of 6) was noted to have experienced recurrence. CT/MR imaging after IRE ablation demonstrated an area of nonenhancement in the treatment zone that involuted over ~6 months. CONCLUSIONS: Renal IRE appears to be a safe treatment for small @entity703 . @entity5 treated with IRE demonstrated nonenhancement in the treatment zone with involution on follow-up CT/MR imaging.

title: Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Treatment of Small XXXX with Irreversible Electroporation: A Single-Center Experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['T1a cancers', 'tumor', 'Tumors', 'benign tumors']

entities_list: @entity1410 :: ('MESH:D006406', 'Disease') :: ['hematomas']

entities_list: @entity703 :: ('MESH:D007680', 'Disease') :: ['renal carcinoma', 'renal tumors']

answer: @entity703 :: (MESH:D007680,Disease) :: ['Renal Tumors']


abstract: Pharmacogenetic techniques allow for the examination of genetic and environmental factors underlying phenotypes associated with drug response. Initial studies of @entity19 bred at Jackson Laboratories (JAX) indicated that C57BL/6J @entity19 were more sensitive to @entity1286 -induced @entity1337 , as measured by latency to paw lick, than SJL/J @entity19 . A classical @entity74 breeding program was initiated in which F1, F2 and backcross generations were derived from C57BL/6J and SJL/J breeding pairs purchased from JAX to examine the genetic factors underlying @entity1286 @entity1337 . Genetic analysis indicated significant dominance or heterosis for a reduced drug response. The F1 generation was less sensitive to @entity1286 -induced @entity1337 than either parental strain. Mathematical analysis of the generation means revealed that a simple dominance model with no epistatic interaction between genes best described the data. Environmental factors also affected sensitivity to @entity1286 @entity1337 , in that C57BL and SJL @entity19 raised in our facility did not differ in latency to paw lick. SJL @entity19 from JAX exhibit a high degree of @entity146 , while SJL @entity19 raised in our facilities show little or no @entity146 . The levels of @entity146 among groups of SJL @entity19 were characterized and found to correlate with sensitivity to @entity1286 @entity1337 . @entity19 exposed to increasingly greater levels of @entity146 were the least sensitive to @entity1286 . Thus, the changes observed in sensitivity to @entity1286 -induced @entity1337 appear to be related to the degree of @entity146 to which these @entity19 are exposed, possibly resulting from the stress and/or prolonged exposure to @entity158 stimuli associated with @entity146 encounters.

title: Aggression modulates genetic influences on XXXX @entity1337 as assessed using a classical mendelian cross analysis.

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggression', 'aggressive']

entities_list: @entity1337 :: ('MESH:D000699', 'Disease') :: ['analgesia']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['Mendelian cross']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine']

answer: @entity1286 :: (MESH:D009020,Chemical) :: ['morphine']


abstract: @entity21693 ( @entity21693 ) is a complex @entity600 produced by a loss of genomic material at the locus 4p16.3. In addition to its @entity154 , the deletion produces a range of @entity717 ( @entity717 ). Many clinical aspects of @entity21693 are well-characterized; however, the cognitive-behavioral characteristics have been rarely examined in a systematic fashion. The purpose of our study was to examine the cognitive-behavioral features of @entity21693 and to compare them to @entity1 with other subtelomeric deletions that also produce @entity717 . We recruited 45 @entity1 with subtelomeric deletions and examined their cognitive-behavioral abilities using a neuropsychological assessment battery composed of standardized instruments. Nineteen @entity1 were diagnosed with @entity21693 and 26 @entity1 with one of three other subtelomeric deletions-11q25 ( @entity19634 ), deletion 2q37, and inversion duplication deletion 8p21-23. We found @entity1 with @entity21693 to be more severely impacted cognitively than @entity1 from any of the other groups. Their overall adaptive behavior was lower as well. However, @entity1 with @entity21693 exhibit strengths in socialization skills comparable to the levels attained by the other groups we assessed. Importantly, the proportion of @entity1 with @entity21693 with @entity2438 or @entity2438 -like features is significantly lower than the rates of @entity2438 found in the other @entity74 we examined.

title: Cognitive-behavioral features of XXXX and other subtelomeric microdeletions.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['dysmorphic features']

entities_list: @entity21693 :: ('MESH:D054877', 'Disease') :: ['WHS', 'Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome']

entities_list: @entity2438 :: ('MESH:D001321', 'Disease') :: ['autism', 'autistic']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['congenital malformation']

entities_list: @entity19634 :: ('MESH:D054868', 'Disease') :: ['Jacobsen syndrome']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['subtelomeric disorders']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['ID', 'intellectual disability']

answer: @entity21693 :: (MESH:D054877,Disease) :: ['Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome']


abstract: @entity28 and overweight are a significant public health problem that affects the quality of life of the individuals concerned. We studied the prevalence and related risk factors for @entity28 among academics. This descriptive cross-sectional study sampled 499 @entity4207 staff at Elazig Firat University, @entity233 . Height, weight and blood pressure values were obtained and a descriptive survey was conducted. The age range of the @entity1 was 22 to 65 years, with a mean age 36.5 +/- 8.1 years. The group had 29% @entity1 , and 71% @entity1 ; 80% were married. The mean BMI of the @entity1 was 24.6 +/- 3.1 kg/m2. Their mean systolic blood pressure was 117.0 +/- 12.1 mmHg and mean diastolic blood pressure was 73.1 +/- 8.0 mmHg. The overall prevalence of @entity28 was 7.0%; 2.1% in @entity1 and 9.0% in @entity1 . The combined prevalence of overweight and @entity28 was 45.9%. Nearly half the @entity1 were either @entity28 or overweight. A correlation was identified between overweight/ @entity28 and sex, marital status, @entity4207 staff, physical activity, systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Although the study did not include all academics, the results reveal the need to evaluate the health impact of @entity28 in academics.

title: Prevalence and risk factors of overweight and @entity28 in Turkish XXXX staff.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'men']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['Obesity', 'obese', 'obesity']

answer: @entity4207 :: (MESH:D007859,Disease) :: ['academic']


abstract: Concurrent exposures to chemical and physical agents occur in the workplace; exposed workers include those involved with the microelectronics industry, plastic sealers, and electrosurgical units. Previous animal research indicates that @entity221 induced by an elevation in ambient temperature can potentiate the @entity137 and teratogenicity of some chemical agents. We previously demonstrated that combined exposure to radiofrequency (RF; 10 MHz) radiation, which also induces @entity221 and is teratogenic to exposed animals, and the industrial solvent, @entity17884 (2ME), produces enhanced teratogenicity in @entity35 . The present study replicates and extends the previous research investigating the enhanced teratogenicity of combined RF radiation and 2ME exposures. The interactive dose-related teratogenicity of RF radiation (sham exposure or maintaining colonic temperatures at 42.0 degrees C for 0, 10, 20, or 30 min) and 2ME (0, 75, 100, 125, or 150 mg/kg) was investigated by administering various combinations of RF radiation and 2ME to groups of @entity35 on gestation days 9 or 13; gestation-day 20 fetuses were examined for external, skeletal, and @entity600 . The results are consistent with and extend our previous research findings. Synergism was observed between RF radiation and 2ME for some treatment combinations, but not for others. The study also clarified which gestational periods, RF radiation exposure durations, and 2ME doses would be most informative in future interaction studies to determine the lowest interactive effect level. Day 9 exposures generally evidenced little effect by 2ME, either by itself or in combination with RF radiation. In contrast, day 13 exposures resulted in highly significant effects from 2ME and RF radiation. The structures showing strong evidence of effects from both 2ME and RF radiation after exposure on gestation day 13 were the forepaw digits, forepaw phalanges, @entity433 , hindpaw phalanges, hind limbs, metacarpals, and metatarsals. Statistical analyses did not show a global synergistic effect, but did show evidence for a synergistic effect at intermediate levels of the dose ranges. Future research will address potential interactions at lower doses.

title: Interactive developmental @entity137 of radiofrequency radiation and XXXX in @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['visceral malformations']

entities_list: @entity17884 :: ('MESH:C005219', 'Chemical') :: ['2-methoxyethanol']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['hyperthermia']

entities_list: @entity433 :: ('MESH:C536436', 'Disease') :: ['hindpaw digits']

answer: @entity17884 :: (MESH:C005219,Chemical) :: ['2-methoxyethanol']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine whether a decision aid designed for adults with low education and literacy can support informed choice and involvement in decisions about screening for @entity5 . DESIGN: Randomised controlled trial. SETTING: Areas in New South Wales, Australia identified as socioeconomically disadvantaged (low education attainment, high unemployment, and unskilled occupations). @entity1 : 572 adults aged between 55 and 64 with low educational attainment, eligible for @entity5 screening. INTERVENTION: @entity1 decision aid comprising a paper based interactive booklet (with and without a question prompt list) and a @entity1741 , presenting quantitative risk information on the possible outcomes of screening using faecal occult blood testing compared with no testing. The control group received standard information developed for the Australian national bowel screening programme. All materials and a faecal occult blood test kit were posted directly to @entity1 's homes. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Informed choice (adequate knowledge and consistency between attitudes and screening behaviour) and preferences for involvement in screening decisions. RESULTS: @entity1 who received the decision aid showed higher levels of knowledge than the controls; the mean score (maximum score 12) for the decision aid group was 6.50 (95% confidence interval 6.15 to 6.84) and for the control group was 4.10 (3.85 to 4.36; P<0.001). Attitudes towards screening were less positive in the decision aid group, with 51% of the @entity1 expressing favourable attitudes compared with 65% of @entity1 in the control group (14% difference, 95% confidence interval 5% to 23%; P=0.002). The participation rate for screening was reduced in the decision aid group: completion of faecal occult blood testing was 59% v 75% in the control group (16% difference, 8% to 24%; P=0.001). The decision aid increased the proportion of @entity1 who made an informed choice, from 12% in the control group to 34% in the decision aid group (22% difference, 15% to 29%; P<0.001). More @entity1 in the decision aid group had no decisional conflict about the screening decision compared with the controls (51% v 38%; P=0.02). The groups did not differ for general @entity5 . CONCLUSIONS: Tailored decision support information can be effective in supporting informed choices and greater involvement in decisions about faecal occult blood testing among adults with low levels of education, without increasing @entity148 or worry about developing @entity5 . Using a decision aid to make an informed choice may, however, lead to lower uptake of screening. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00765869 and Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry 12608000011381.

title: A decision aid to support informed choices about XXXX screening among adults with low education: randomised controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['anxiety or worry about bowel cancer', 'bowel cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Patient', 'Participants', 'PARTICIPANTS', 'people']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['bowel cancer']


abstract: The present study was undertaken to study the role of @entity18515 receptor activation in pathophysiology of intestinal @entity32 . @entity29 was induced in @entity35 albino @entity35 by intrarectal administration of 2, 4, 6 @entity1959 ( @entity10776 , 0.25 ml 120 mg/ml in 50% @entity1068 intrarectally, on 1(st) day only). Trypsin (500  g/kg, 1 mg/kg, 5 mg/kg, intrarectal) was given from the same day up to 20 days. Various physical parameters including body weight, food and water intake were measured on 1(st) and 20(th) days. At end of the experiment, colon weight and various histopathological indexes were assessed. The colon homogenate @entity1234 ( @entity1865 ), @entity1589 ( @entity1589 ), and @entity224 dismutase (SOD) and % mast cell protection in mesentery were also measured. Trypsin at higher dose (5 mg/kg) showed the higher level of oxidative enzymes and lower level of protective enzymes as compared to the animals treated with only TNBS. Trypsin treatment produced significantly more mast cell degranulation. Finally in the histopathology, there was increased in severity of the disease in trypsin-treated animals. The role of @entity18515 (protease activated receptor-2) receptor in gut is pro-inflammatory and thus appears as a new potential therapeutic target for @entity29 treatments.

title: Investigation of Possible Role of the XXXX Receptor in Intestinal @entity32 .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['Inflammatory bowel disease', 'inflammatory bowel disease']

entities_list: @entity1959 :: ('MESH:D014302', 'Chemical') :: ['trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid']

entities_list: @entity1234 :: ('MESH:D008315', 'Chemical') :: ['malondialdehyde']

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide']

answer: @entity18515 :: (116677(Tax:10116),Gene) :: ['PAR-2']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Persistently febrile neutropenic @entity1 at risk for invasive @entity364 receive empiric antifungal therapy as a standard of care. However, little is known about the role of @entity5626 and liposomal @entity2379 ( @entity19095 ) for empiric antifungal therapy in pediatric @entity1 . METHODS: @entity1 between the ages of 2 to 17 years with persistent @entity221 and @entity1398 were randomly assigned to receive @entity11794 (70 mg/m loading dose on day 1, then 50 mg/m daily [maximum 70 mg/d]) or @entity19095 (3 mg/kg daily) in a 2:1 ratio. Evaluation of safety was the primary objective of the study. Efficacy was also evaluated, with a successful outcome defined as fulfilling all components of a prespecified 5-part composite endpoint. Suspected invasive @entity364 were evaluated by an independent, treatment-blinded adjudication committee. RESULTS: Eighty-two @entity1 received study therapy ( @entity11794 56, @entity19095 26), and 81 were evaluated for efficacy ( @entity11794 56; @entity19095 25). Outcomes for safety and efficacy endpoints were similar for both study arms. Adverse drug-related event rates [95% confidence interval] were similar between the @entity11794 and @entity19095 groups (clinical 48.2% [34.7-62.0] versus 46.2% [26.6-66.6]; laboratory 10.7% [4.0-21.9] versus 19.2% [6.6-39.4]). Serious drug-related adverse events occurred in 1 (1.8%) of @entity11794 -treated @entity1 and 3 (11.5%) of @entity19095 -treated @entity1 . Overall success rates [95% CI] were 46.4% [33.4-59.5] for @entity11794 and 32.0% [13.7-50.3] for @entity19095 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity11794 and @entity19095 were comparable in tolerability, safety, and efficacy as empiric antifungal therapy for persistently febrile neutropenic pediatric @entity1 .

title: A randomized, double-blind, multicenter study of @entity11794 versus liposomal @entity2379 for empiric antifungal therapy in pediatric @entity1 with persistent XXXX and @entity1398 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2379 :: ('MESH:D000666', 'Chemical') :: ['amphotericin B']

entities_list: @entity364 :: ('MESH:D009181', 'Disease') :: ['fungal infections']

entities_list: @entity5626 :: ('MESH:D054714', 'Chemical') :: ['echinocandins']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity11794 :: ('MESH:C105417', 'Chemical') :: ['Caspofungin', 'caspofungin']

answer: @entity221 :: (MESH:D005334,Disease) :: ['fever']


abstract: These studies documented the presence or absence of macroscopic and microscopic @entity548 in individual lung lobes of @entity19 , @entity95 , and @entity1707 exposed to continuous- and pulsed-wave (diagnostic) ultrasound; we described the character of and lesions associated with the @entity548 and compared differences in the lesions among species and exposure conditions to investigate the pathogenic mechanisms and species differences associated with ultrasound-induced @entity548 . In a series of three sequential interdependent studies, 312 @entity19 , 91 @entity95 , and 74 @entity1707 were divided at random into experimental groups and exposed to continuous-wave ultrasound (3 kHz modulated at 120 Hz) of acoustic pressure levels ranging from 0 to 490 kPa for 5, 10, or 20 minutes. In a fourth study, three @entity19 , 43 @entity95 , and six @entity1707 were divided at random into experimental groups and exposed to pulsed-wave ultrasound (3- and 6-MHz center frequency) of peak rarefactional acoustic pressure levels ranging from 0 to 5.6 MPa for 5 minutes. @entity75 induced by continuous- and pulsed-wave ultrasound consisted of dark red to black areas of @entity548 that extended from visceral pleural surfaces into lung parenchyma. @entity548 appeared spatially related to the edges of lung lobes where pleura of dorsal and ventral surfaces met, occurred in specific lung lobes in all three species, and appeared anatomically related to lung that was closest to and in contiguous alignment with the ultrasound transducer and thus the path of the sound beam. @entity75 were similar in all species under all exposure conditions for both continuous- and pulsed-wave ultrasound; however, @entity548 was not induced in @entity1707 lung exposed to pulsed-wave ultrasound at any peak rarefactional acoustic pressure level. Eighteen @entity19 (145 kPa exposure pressure), 60 @entity95 (145-460 kPa exposure pressure), and 58 @entity1707 (145-490 kPa exposure pressure) from study 3 were used for microscopic evaluation of lung exposed to continuous-wave ultrasound; three @entity19 (6 MHz; 2.9 and 5.4 MPa), 39 @entity95 (3 and 6 MHz; 2.3-5.4 MPa), and six @entity1707 (3 and 6 MHz; 3.3, 5.4, and 5.6 MPa) from study 4 were used for microscopic evaluation of lung exposed to pulsed-wave ultrasound. @entity75 and the character of @entity548 induced by continuous-wave ultrasound were different from those induced by pulsed-wave ultrasound. Lesions induced by continuous-wave ultrasound under all exposure conditions were similar in all three species. Lesions induced by pulsed-wave ultrasound under all exposure conditions were similar in all three species.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: Lung lesions induced by continuous- and pulsed-wave (diagnostic) ultrasound in XXXX , @entity95 , and @entity1707 .

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['intraparenchymal hemorrhage', 'hemorrhage', 'lung hemorrhage', 'Hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['Microscopic lesions', 'Macroscopic lesions']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: PURPOSE: New-onset @entity955 ( @entity955 ) after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) remains a prevalent problem. We investigated the relationship between @entity387 and new-onset post-CABG @entity955 during inhospital stay. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We prospectively recruited 171 @entity1 listed for an elective CABG for an overnight sleep study. Sleep @entity386 was defined as @entity27 index greater than or equal to 5. RESULTS: Among the 160 @entity1 who completed the study, those in the @entity387 group (n = 128; 80%) had larger left atrial diameter (40.4    5.4 vs 38.4    6.0 mm; P = .03) and left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (52.6    7.9 vs 49.2    6.8 mm; P = .03) than those in the @entity387 group. The incidence of new-onset post-CABG @entity955 was higher for the @entity387 than @entity387 groups (24.8% vs 9.7%; P = .07). There was 1 @entity204 @entity1 with @entity810 requiring dialysis after CABG in the @entity387 group. None of the @entity1 developed @entity64 . Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that @entity387 was an independent predictor of post-CABG @entity955 (odds ratio, 4.4; 95% confidence interval, 1.1-18.1; P = .04). CONCLUSION: Sleep @entity386 is prevalent in @entity1 undergoing CABG. It increases the susceptibility to new-onset @entity955 after CABG, probably related to @entity5707 .

title: Sleep @entity386 is associated with new-onset XXXX after coronary artery bypass grafting.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['inhospital stroke']

entities_list: @entity387 :: ('MESH:D012891', 'Disease') :: ['non-sleep apnea', 'sleep apnea']

entities_list: @entity27 :: ('MESH:D020181', 'Disease') :: ['apnea-hypopnea']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation', 'AF']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['acute renal failure']

entities_list: @entity5707 :: ('MESH:D020257', 'Disease') :: ['atrial and ventricular remodeling']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['inhospital death and 2']

answer: @entity955 :: (MESH:D001281,Disease) :: ['atrial fibrillation']


abstract: Cholinesterase inhibitors are currently the most established treatment strategy in @entity195 . The treatment effect appears mainly to be symptomatic. Effects on progression of the disease following long term treatment, and possible neuroprotective effects, have been investigated. Delay until nursing home placement has been reported. Three cholinesterase inhibitors, @entity2445 , @entity8124 and @entity11544 , are in clinical use. Other cholinesterase inhibitors, such as @entity11545 ( @entity11545 ), @entity11546 , @entity2607 , @entity4157 , are currently under clinical evaluation. So far the efficacy appears to be comparable between the various cholinesterase inhibitors; treatment for up to 6 months has produced an improvement in @entity195 Assessment Scale -- Cognitive Subscale score (ADAS-cog) of between 1.8 and 4.9 in @entity1 with @entity195 . @entity2445 , @entity8124 , @entity11545 and @entity2607 are reversible inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase, while metrifonate is considered to be an irreversible inhibitor and @entity11544 a pseudoirreversible inhibitor. @entity2445 and @entity2607 have lower bioavailability, 17 to 37% and 3 to 8%, respectively, than the other cholinesterase inhibitors such as @entity11544 , @entity11545 and @entity8124 (40 to 100%). The elimination half-life is considerably longer for @entity8124 (70 to 80h) in comparison to most of the other cholinesterase inhibitors (0.3 to 12h). @entity8124 is therefore administered once daily in comparison to @entity11544 which is administered twice daily and @entity2445 which is administered 4 times daily. Simultaneous food intake lowers the plasma concentration of @entity2445 and reduces the adverse effects of @entity11544 . Drugs like @entity2544 and @entity4444 have been reported to change the pharmacokinetics of @entity2445 and @entity8124 . In contrast, concomitant medication with various drugs with @entity11544 does not seem to cause any drug interactions in @entity1 with @entity195 . @entity2445 , @entity8124 and @entity11545 are metabolised via the cytochrome P450 (CYP) liver enzymes. Active metabolites are known for @entity2445 and @entity11545 . @entity11544 is not metabolised via CYP enzymes, but via esterases and is excreted in the urine. @entity2445 is associated with hepatotoxicity while other cholinesterase inhibitors seem devoid this adverse effect. Increased liver enzyme values have been observed in 49% of @entity1 with @entity195 treated with @entity2445 . Rechallenge with @entity2445 reduces the incidence of elevated liver enzyme levels. Peripheral cholinergic adverse effects are common for the cholinesterase inhibitors, with an incidence ranging between 7 to 30%. For some cholinesterase inhibitors, such as @entity11544 , the cholinergic adverse effects such as @entity390 , @entity391 , @entity1296 , @entity294 and @entity490 can be reduced by slowing the rate of dose titration.

title: Cholinesterase inhibitors in the treatment of XXXX : a comparison of tolerability and pharmacology.

entities_list: @entity4444 :: ('MESH:D002927', 'Chemical') :: ['cimetidine']

entities_list: @entity2544 :: ('MESH:D013806', 'Chemical') :: ['theophylline']

entities_list: @entity1296 :: ('MESH:D004244', 'Disease') :: ['dizziness']

entities_list: @entity11546 :: ('MESH:D014236', 'Chemical') :: ['metrifonate']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhoea']

entities_list: @entity2445 :: ('MESH:D013619', 'Chemical') :: ['Tacrine', 'tacrine']

entities_list: @entity11545 :: ('MESH:D005702', 'Chemical') :: ['galantamine', 'galanthamine']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity4157 :: ('MESH:C052450', 'Chemical') :: ['eptastigmine']

entities_list: @entity11544 :: ('MESH:C072506', 'Chemical') :: ['Rivastigmine', 'rivastigmine']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["Alzheimer's disease", "Alzheimer's Disease"]

entities_list: @entity2607 :: ('MESH:D010830', 'Chemical') :: ['physostigmine']

entities_list: @entity8124 :: ('MESH:C076946', 'Chemical') :: ['Donepezil', 'donepezil']

answer: @entity195 :: (MESH:D000544,Disease) :: ['Alzheimer's disease']


abstract: The purpose of this article is to determine whether primary @entity254 is a safe option in the surgical management of complications of @entity697 in low-risk @entity1 . Over the past century, the management of @entity4436 has evolved from a three-stage procedure to resection and primary @entity254 . In the beginning of the century, Mayo described drainage and proximal colostomy, a three-stage procedure. This was done by performing a diverting colostomy but leaving the diseased segment of colon, hoping that the @entity32 would subside. Later, the @entity1 went back for resection of the diseased segment. Then a third procedure was performed for reversal of the colostomy. Around the late 1970s to early 1980s, it was found that @entity1 had better outcomes if the diseased segment was resected during the first operation-the Hartman procedure. During the late 1990s to early 2000s, some surgeons began performing resection and primary @entity254 in selected groups of @entity1 with @entity4436 . There have been a number of studies published showing that resection and primary @entity254 has an acceptable morbidity and mortality. However, most of these studies are retrospective and do not achieve statistical significance. They also do not attempt to establish guidelines to help decide which @entity1 are good candidates for resection and primary @entity254 . The goal of this study is to establish safe and reasonable practice guidelinesthat can be applied to a selected group of (low-risk) @entity1 . This study is a retrospective review of all the @entity1 treated surgically for complications of @entity697 from 1998 to 2003 at United Hospital Medical Center in Port Chester, New York. @entity1 were classified as high or low risk based on their age, APACHE II score, American Society of Anesthesiologists class, and Hinchey score. There were a total of 66 @entity1 operated on for complications of @entity697 (left-sided) over this 5-year period. Thirty-six of them underwent resection and primary @entity254 and 30 underwent the Hartman procedure. Of the 36 who underwent resection and primary @entity254 , 19 were considered low risk. There were no complications in this low-risk group who underwent primary @entity254 . @entity1 who were low risk based on the mentioned criteria can safely undergo resection and primary @entity254 .

title: Is primary @entity254 safe in the surgical management of complications of XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute diverticulitis']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity4436 :: ('MESH:D004238', 'Disease') :: ['diverticulitis']

answer: @entity697 :: (MESH:D000208,Disease) :: ['acute diverticulitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Only a small number of studies on the natural disease course in @entity146 ( @entity146 ) have been conducted. This is surprising because knowledge about the progression of symptoms is a precondition for the design of clinical drug trials. METHODS: The aim of the present study was to examine the @entity73 @entity1 with mild @entity146 over one year using the Consortium to Establish a Registry for @entity195 - Neuropsychological Assessment Battery (CERAD-NAB). RESULTS: Within an average follow-up interval of 13 months, @entity1 scores declined significantly in the Mini-mental-State-Examination (MMSE) and the CERAD-NAB subtests of naming, verbal and nonverbal memory. No significant changes were found in the CERAD-NAB subtests of category fluency, recognition, and visuoconstruction. The average annualized decline on the MMSE was 4.0    4.9 points. Ceiling effects were detected in Figures Copy, Word List Recognition and Modified Boston Naming Test. Though the included @entity1 group was rather homogeneous regarding severity of @entity303 , the cognitive changes were very heterogeneous. CONCLUSION: Given the heterogeneity of @entity73 , the design of a test battery for clinical trials in FTD will be challenging. A cognitive battery should definitely include the MMSE, Word List Learning and Word List Delayed Recall.

title: XXXX in the behavioral variant of frontotemporal @entity303 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['bvFTD', 'behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive decline', 'cognitive decline of 20']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["Alzheimer's Disease"]

answer: @entity73 :: (MESH:D003072,Disease) :: ['Cognitive decline']


abstract: PURPOSE: Therapeutic strategies attacking @entity957 have not essentially succeeded to improve long-term prognosis and overall survival over the last decades. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to illuminate the molecular regulation of angiogenesis in this @entity5 entity in order to demask novel markers of prognosis or therapeutic approach. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A panel of significant transcriptional alterations in angiogenic genes of 83 @entity5 samples was established by comparison to 30 samples of healthy oral mucosa with microarray technique. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed to trace the signalling cascade from gene to protein level. RESULTS: A distinctive expression profile of @entity7 , @entity21046 , @entity2279 / @entity2279 , @entity3658 and @entity877 was revealed: @entity7 , @entity21046 , and @entity877 were found overexpressed in 84  % to 95  % of @entity5 samples. In contrast, the expression of @entity2279 and @entity3658 was downregulated in 80  % to 95  % of @entity5 samples. IHC confirmed results of the microarray analysis. Tumours with lymphatic spread showed higher gene expression rates of @entity7 , @entity21046 and @entity877 in moderately differentiated @entity5 and of @entity7 and @entity21046 in small @entity5 , respectively. The @entity3658 / @entity877 transcription ratio was found @entity5 and especially in @entity5 without lymphatic spread. CONCLUSIONS: A characteristic expression profile of angiogenic markers was established. The specific overexpression of @entity21046 in small @entity5 with lymphatic spread and the typical decrease of the @entity3658 / @entity877 ratio in larger @entity5 give weight to @entity21046 and angiopoietins as prognostic factors and potential therapeutic targets.

title: Analysis of angiogenic markers in XXXX -gene and protein expression.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['decreased in larger tumours', 'cancer', 'tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['oral squamous cell carcinoma']

answer: @entity957 :: (MESH:D002294,Disease) :: ['oral squamous cell carcinoma']


abstract: Following the inclusion of dietary @entity1388 supplements in the Dental Practitioners Formulary on 1st January 1993, the aims of this study were to observe the @entity1388 supplementation prescribing pattern of South Glamorgan general dental practitioners and relate it to the latest caries prevalence data. The analysis was carried out on the prescribers and recipients of the prescriptions using post codes to locate all members of both groups into one of 26 dental planning areas ( @entity16771 ) within the district. As the age of a minority of recipients could not be substantiated, an assumption that they were all 14 years or under was used to calculate a prescription to population ratio for each @entity16771 . These ratios were correlated against the latest available caries prevalence data for each @entity16771 to ascertain any relationship between the level of @entity1388 supplement prescription and the caries prevalence within South Glamorgan. Data were collected via the Prescription Pricing Division of Welsh Health Common Services Authority for the six month period, 1st January to 30th June 1993. Of 623 prescriptions dispensed within South Glamorgan, 581 were issued by dentists working in the District for @entity1 living in the District. Of the 163 dentists registered within South Glamorgan FHSA, (boundary coterminous with the @entity4601 ) 49 made one or more prescription. Of these, 10 dentists wrote 20 prescriptions or more, totalling 401, during the study period, i.e. 6 per cent of the dentists made 69 per cent of the prescriptions. The correlation of the number of prescriptions issued per @entity16771 (according to the dentists' location) with whole time equivalents in that @entity16771 was 0.58 (P < 0.002).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: A study of the dietary XXXX supplementation prescribing pattern of south Glamorgan dentists.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1388 :: ('MESH:D005459', 'Chemical') :: ['fluoride']

answer: @entity1388 :: (MESH:D005459,Chemical) :: ['fluoride']


abstract: Based on the health conception viewed from the literature on nursing and by the clients, health is defined as a living experience, or as a perception of wellness in this study. That is, it is the perceived wellness that the individual obtains by wholistically integrating all dimensions of health where ever the individual stands in the health continuum. Thus health exists independently, regardless of @entity221 or disability, because the individual is able to perceive the wellness within limitations imposed to him/her. Also, based on the health conception defined in this study and the literature review on health promotion, health promotion is defined as the process of enhancing the perception of wellness (i.e., living experience), where ever the individual stands in the health continuum. Therefore, health promotive care represents the process of making client help himself to improve health experience/perception of wellness by selecting and/or integrating the individual or social health parameters (determinants) based on his reality. After analyzing the data which is provided from the related literature and the results from the descriptive/exploratory research on this group of clients, and then applying those analysis results to the PRECEDE model, planning process for health promotion program is established. However, as planning process is only based on data from literature in the first stage, it will be modified appropriately according to the assessment feedback from the direct participation of client in the following study. Based on the planning model refined through this assessment process, health promotion program is to be developed, implemented and evaluated. Planning process of health promotion for clients with @entity625 is begun from the assessment of health outcome as the first phase. It is analyzed from this study that clients with @entity625 indicates lower quality of life/satisfaction than the other groups from the several research findings indicate. In the second phase, according to the analysis results in the first phase, clients' health problems (perceived seriousness about @entity221 , uncertainty in @entity221 , helplessness, @entity717 ), which affect the low quality of life, are identified and then program objective for each problem is demonstrated. As an objective for the perceived seriousness about @entity221 , relief of the mistrust on the general effects of treatment for @entity221 is determined through appropriate data analysis. And clients' accumulation of accurate knowledge on the nature of @entity221 is determined as an objective, for reducing uncertainty in the @entity221 . Also enhancement of distraction ability and self-efficacy perception is defined as objectives for reducing physical, @entity6100 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: [Health promotion. Planning process of health promotion programs for individuals with XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['difficulty of movement']

entities_list: @entity6100 :: ('OMIM:300082', 'Disease') :: ['psychological and social helplessness']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['arthritis']

answer: @entity625 :: (MESH:D001168,Disease) :: ['arthritis']


abstract: A simple procedure combining headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/ @entity15 ) to detect and quantify @entity889 , @entity3652 , @entity284 , @entity2072 , @entity24010 and @entity839 ( @entity839 ) in hair is described. This procedure allows, in a single sample, even scant, analysis of drugs requiring different analytical conditions. A hair sample (10 mg) is washed and subjected to acidic hydrolysis. Then the HS-SPME is carried out (10 min at 90 degrees C) for @entity889 , @entity3652 , @entity284 , @entity2072 and @entity24010 . For derivatization of analytes, the fibre is introduced into the headspace of another closed vial containing @entity24011 . After a chromatographic run, an alkaline hydrolysis for @entity839 analysis is carried out in the same vial containing the hair sample previously used. For adsorption, the solid-phase microextraction needle is inserted into the headspace of the vial and the fibre is exposed for 30 min at 150 degrees C. For derivatization of analytes, the fibre is introduced into the headspace of another closed vial containing @entity24012 . The GC/ @entity15 parameters were the same for both chromatographic runs. The linearity was proved to be between 0.01 and 10.00 ng/mg. The repeatability (intra- and interday precision) was below 10% as the coefficient of variation for all compounds. The accuracy, as the relative recovery, was 96.2-103.5% (spiked samples) and 88.6-101.7% (quality control sample). The limit of detection ranged from 0.01 to 0.12 ng/mg, and the limit of quantification ranged from 0.02 to 0.37 ng/mg. Application of the procedure to real hair samples is described. To the best of our knowledge, the proposed procedure combining HS-SPME and GC/ @entity15 is the first one be to successfully applied to the simultaneous determination of most of the common recreational drugs, including @entity839 , in a single hair sample.

title: Determination of different recreational drugs in hair by HS-SPME and GC/ XXXX .

entities_list: @entity24012 :: ('MESH:C086665', 'Chemical') :: ['N-methyl-N-(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide']

entities_list: @entity839 :: ('MESH:D013759', 'Chemical') :: ['Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol', 'THC']

entities_list: @entity24011 :: ('MESH:C031800', 'Chemical') :: ['acetic anhydride']

entities_list: @entity3652 :: ('MESH:D007649', 'Chemical') :: ['ketamine']

entities_list: @entity889 :: ('MESH:D000662', 'Chemical') :: ['amphetamines']

entities_list: @entity24010 :: ('MESH:C066444', 'Chemical') :: ['cocaethylene']

entities_list: @entity284 :: ('MESH:D008691', 'Chemical') :: ['methadone']

answer: @entity15 :: (MESH:D009103,Disease) :: ['MS']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: This study is to investigate the mechanism of unexplained recurrent @entity2208 (URSA). A total of 35 cases of URSA @entity1 (URSA group), 20 cases with normal pregnancy (normal pregnancy group) and 20 healthy non-pregnancy candidates (healthy control group) were enrolled in this study. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method was used for detection of serum soluble @entity20500 (sTim3) and @entity20501 . Cytokine bead array (CBA) determination method was used to detect @entity379 and @entity3646 expression levels. Compared with the healthy control group, sTim-3 levels in normal pregnancy group and URSA group increased, and URSA group had significantly higher sTim-3 levels than normal pregnancy group (P < 0.05). Compared with the healthy control group, @entity20501 levels in normal pregnancy group and URSA group also increased. However, the normal pregnancy group had significantly higher @entity20501 level than URSA group (P < 0.05). @entity379 levels in normal pregnancy group and URSA group were lower than those in healthy control group, and @entity379 levels in the normal pregnancy group were significantly lower than those in URSA group (P < 0.05). Levels of @entity3646 in normal pregnancy group and URSA groups increased compared with the healthy control group, and the @entity3646 levels in normal pregnancy group were significantly higher than those in URSA group (P < 0.05). @entity1198 /Th2 imbalance, sTim-3 and @entity20501 expression increase are found in the @entity1 with URSA, ant this might be involved in the regulation of immunity in pregnancy.

title: Soluble costimulatory molecule sTim3 regulates the differentiation of @entity1198 and Th2 in @entity1 with unexplained recurrent XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2208 :: ('MESH:D000022', 'Disease') :: ['spontaneous abortion']

answer: @entity2208 :: (MESH:D000022,Disease) :: ['spontaneous abortion']


abstract: The disease state of @entity741 results from a hypoperfusion-induced insufficiency of heart-muscle oxidative metabolism due to inadequate coronary circulation. @entity741 is an important, lifespan-limiting medical problem and a major economic health-care concern. Reperfusion, although avidly pursued in the clinic as essential to the ultimate survival of acutely @entity63 heart muscle, may itself carry an injury component. @entity299 appears to reflect, at least in part, an oxidant burden established upon reoxygenation of @entity63 @entity1562 . Laboratory evidence demonstrates that oxidative stress to the heart-muscle cell (cardiomyocyte) can elicit the three known types of @entity63 -reperfusion injury that directly affect the @entity1562 : @entity943 , stunning, and @entity1188 . The limited clinical occurrence of serious reperfusion @entity943 has restricted the importance of antioxidants as antiarrhythmic agents against this form of @entity741 -reperfusion damage. Despite the utmost clinical significance of @entity130 as a negative prognostic indicator for the @entity63 @entity299 @entity1 , inconsistent results of antioxidant interventions in reducing @entity1188 size have somewhat tempered interest in antioxidant @entity1188 trials. By contrast, the negative clinical consequences of stunning may indeed be preventable by utilizing antioxidants to help restore postischemic cardiac pump function. Several as yet unanswered questions remain regarding oxidative stress in the reperfused heart, its significance to @entity16 , and its ability to elicit specific @entity296 . Targeted mechanistic studies are required to address these questions and to define the pathogenic role of oxidative stress (and, hence, the therapeutic potential of antioxidant intervention) in @entity741 -reperfusion injury. The overall aim of current research in this area is to enable the cardiac surgeon/cardiologist to advance beyond the largely palliative drugs now available for management of the coronary @entity299 @entity1 and attack directly the pathogenic determinants of heart-muscle @entity63 -reperfusion injury. Optimal use of antioxidants may help address this important medical need.

title: XXXX and antioxidants: mechanistic aspects of oxidative injury and its prevention.

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['postischemic myocardial derangements']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia', 'ischemic']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['cardiomyocyte damage']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarct', 'infarction']

entities_list: @entity1562 :: ('MESH:D017682', 'Disease') :: ['myocardium']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['Myocardial ischemia', 'myocardial ischemia']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['Cardiac reperfusion injury', 'heart-disease']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmias', 'arrhythmia']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['lethal cardiomyocyte injury']

answer: @entity741 :: (MESH:D017202,Disease) :: ['Ischemic heart disease']


abstract: Primary @entity4153 ( @entity4153 ) is a relatively rare and highly aggressive @entity5 characterized by early dissemination and poor prognosis. The optimal treatment has not yet been established, and the role of surgery has remained controversial. Most of the limited diseases were treated conventionally by surgery, but the five-year survival rate was still very low. This retrospective study was designed to investigate the clinical characteristics, treatment, and prognostic factors of @entity66 @entity4153 . Clinical data of 40 @entity4153 @entity1 with clinically @entity66 who received transthoracic esophagectomy with lymphadenectomy at the @entity5 Hospital of Shantou University Medical College from November 1990 to December 2009 were reviewed to summarize the clinical characteristics and treatment impacted on the survival. Twenty-five cases of the 40 @entity1 were treated with surgery alone, eight cases were treated with surgery + postoperative chemotherapy, four cases were treated with surgery + postoperative radiotherapy, and the other three were treated with surgery + postoperative radiochemotherapy. The Kaplan-Meier and log-rank methods were used to estimate and compare survival rates. Cox's hazard regression model was used to identify the prognostic factors with the entry factors of gender, age ( <= 60 years versus > 60 years), length of the @entity75 ( <= 5 cm versus > 5 cm), location of the @entity75 , macroscopic @entity5 type, pT, pN, pTNM stage, operation (radical/palliative), and chemotherapy (yes/no). The mean follow-up duration of this series was 24.7 months (1-121 months). Thirty-four @entity1 died of the disease during the follow-up, five were still alive, and one was lost of follow-up. The median survival time of the 40 @entity1 was 13.0 months (95% confidence interval 4.7-21.3), and the 6-, 12-, 24-, 36-, and 60-month overall survival rates (OS) were 77.5%, 56.4%, 28.9%, 23.7%, 10.5%, respectively. In univariate analysis, age ( <= 60 years versus >60 years) (P=0.049), operation (radical/palliative) (P=0.008), and chemotherapy (yes/no) (P= 0.013) significantly influenced the OS of the @entity4153 @entity1 . In multivariate analysis, operation (P=0.015) and chemotherapy (P=0.031) were independent prognostic factors. The @entity1 who received radical surgery and postoperative chemotherapy had relatively better survival. Surgical resection combined with chemotherapy should be recommended to @entity1 with @entity66 @entity4153 .

title: Treatment and prognosis of XXXX primary @entity4153 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4153 :: ('MESH:D018288', 'Disease') :: ['SCCE', 'small cell carcinoma of esophagus']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['limited disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['primary lesion']

answer: @entity66 :: (MESH:D004194,Disease) :: ['limited disease']


abstract: Rodents are a serious constraint to poor farmers in the upland and lowland farming systems of the @entity4602 @entity1 's Democratic Republic and have been described as the pest they have least control over. To better understand these problems a baseline survey of farmers was conducted to assess their knowledge, attitudes, and practices with respect to rodent management. A structured survey was conducted in 12 villages across Luang Namtha, Luang Prabang, and Houaphan provinces. Twenty farmers from each village were interviewed (a total of 240 farmers). Farmers noted that the main factor limiting production was pests (70%), with @entity35 identified as the most important pest (98%). The mean yield loss was estimated at 19% (range 0-100%). Trapping and rodenticides were commonly used by farmers. Farmers believed that it was important to control @entity35 and believed that @entity35 could only be controlled if farmers worked together. However, 65% of farmers conducted rodent control by themselves, and 92% of farmers believed that rodenticides were harmful to the environment. The main constraints identified were the high cost of some control methods and the need to get farmers to work together as a community.

title: Farmers' knowledge, attitudes, and practices with respect to rodent management in the upland and lowland farming systems of the XXXX @entity1 's Democratic Republic.

answer: @entity4602 :: (259307,Gene) :: ['Lao']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The initial treatment for @entity613 is supervised exercise therapy (SET). Owing to limited capacity and @entity1 transports costs of clinic-based SET, a concept of SET provided by local physiotherapists was developed. We hypothesized that provision of daily feedback with an accelerometer in addition to SET would further increase walking distance. METHODS: This multicenter randomized trial was set in vascular surgery outpatient clinics and included 304 @entity1 with @entity613 . @entity1 were randomized to exercise therapy in the form of "go home and walk" advice (WA), SET, or SET with feedback. Local physiotherapists provided SET. The primary outcome measure was the change in absolute claudication distance. Secondary outcomes were the change in functional claudication distance and results on the Walking Impairment Questionnaire (WIQ) and Short-Form 36 (SF-36) Health Survey after 12 months. RESULTS: In 11 centers, 102, 109, and 93 @entity1 were included, respectively, in the WA, SET, and SET with feedback groups, and data for 83, 93, and 76, respectively, could be analyzed. The median (interquartile range) change in walking distance between 12 months and baseline in meters was 110 (0-300) in the WA group, 310 (145-995) in the SET group, and 360 (173-697) in the SET with feedback group (P < .001 WA vs SET). WIQ scores and relevant domains of the SF-36 improved statistically significantly in the SET groups. CONCLUSIONS: SET is more effective than WA in improving walking distance, WIQ scores, and quality of life for @entity1 with @entity613 . Additional feedback with an accelerometer did not result in further improvement. SET programs should be made available for all @entity1 with @entity613 .

title: Multicenter randomized clinical trial of supervised exercise therapy with or without feedback versus walking advice for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity613 :: ('MESH:D007383', 'Disease') :: ['intermittent claudication']

answer: @entity613 :: (MESH:D007383,Disease) :: ['intermittent claudication']


abstract: @entity189 from a distant primary malignancy involving the temporal bone particularly the jugular foramen are rare @entity5 . A 57-year-old gentleman had multiple gradually increasing swellings over the body since many years. For last two years, he noticed @entity4 in left @entity291 and rapidly enlarging @entity158 @entity4 over the left chest wall in back for last one year. He had recent involvement of @entity2103 . CT scan showed an extensive lesion in left jugular foramen region with @entity79 . The @entity1 underwent decompression of the left jugular foramen @entity66 . The @entity5 was extremely vascular and a partial decompression could only be performed. Although there was relief in the @entity10 but the @entity51 were persisting. Histopathology of the @entity5 showed features of metastatic small ling @entity5 . In the present case, there was presence of long standing multiple swelling all over the body and the @entity1 had @entity158 enlargement that he perceived as an ongoing process of the @entity1264 and made a delay in seeking the medical advice resulting in a well advanced disease and with poor prognosis.

title: Metastatic lung cancer presenting with jugular foramen syndrome in a case of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['mass lesion']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['enlargement of the swelling', 'new swelling']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['Metastatic carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity2103 :: ('MESH:D005155', 'Disease') :: ['left seventh, eighth and lower cranial nerves']

entities_list: @entity1264 :: ('MESH:D009456', 'Disease') :: ["von Recklinghausen's disease"]

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone destruction']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deficits']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

answer: @entity1264 :: (MESH:D009456,Disease) :: ['von Recklinghausens disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: As a multisystem @entity166 , there is an @entity32 , which causes increase in acute phase reactants in @entity3377 . The mean platelet volume ( @entity6688 ), platelet distribution width (PDW), red cell distribution width (RDW), neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) have been identified as markers of @entity32 . The present study aimed to evaluate diagnostic values of these biomarkers in @entity625 ( @entity625 ). METHODS: The study included 64 @entity1 with @entity625 and 66 healthy control subjects. Demographic features, joint involvement, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), @entity1851 (CRP) and hematological variables were retrospectively recorded. In addition, results of synovial fluid and serum tube agglutination test for brucella together with treatment regimens were recorded. RESULTS: The mean age of the @entity1 (53.1  % male) was 92.3        41.2  months. The most commonly affected joint was ankle (53.1  %). Synovial fluid puncture-brucella agglutination test was positive in 22 (34.3  %) @entity1 . Puncture culture was positive in 9 @entity1 . Most of the @entity1 (57.8  %) were treated with a combination of @entity1215 plus @entity207 / @entity206 and @entity801 . Significantly higher mean PDW, RDW, @entity6688 , NLR and PLR values were found in @entity1 with @entity625 compared to control subjects (p   <   0.05). A positive correlation was found between @entity6688 and NLR values (R (2)   =   0.192, p   <   0.001). CONCLUSION: Our findings indicated that NLR and PLR are indirect markers of @entity32 that may be observed abnormally increased in @entity1 with @entity625 . Further longitudinal studies are needed to investigate this topic to establish the more clear associations.

title: Diagnostic role of inflammatory markers in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity801 :: ('MESH:D005839', 'Chemical') :: ['gentamicin']

entities_list: @entity3377 :: ('MESH:D002006', 'Disease') :: ['brucellosis']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['BA', 'brucella arthritis']

entities_list: @entity1215 :: ('MESH:D012293', 'Chemical') :: ['rifampicin']

entities_list: @entity207 :: ('MESH:D013420', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfamethoxazole']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['infectious disease']

entities_list: @entity206 :: ('MESH:D014295', 'Chemical') :: ['trimethoprim']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

answer: @entity625 :: (MESH:D001168,Disease) :: ['pediatric Brucella arthritis']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Primary @entity14 are a rare entity with anecdotally poor outcomes. We sought to inform surgeons, oncologists, and researchers of the characteristics and outcomes of these understudied and difficult-to-manage @entity5 . METHODS: The National Cancer Data Base (NCDB) was queried for @entity1 with pathologically confirmed primary @entity694 or rectum (1998-2012). @entity674 were excluded. Unadjusted overall survival was reported using the Kaplan-Meier method. @entity1 with @entity14 were used as a comparison cohort. RESULTS: Four hundred thirty-three @entity1 with primary @entity14 were identified (57.5% @entity1822 subtype). Median age was 63 [inter-quartile range 52, 75] years with 23.1% between the ages of 18 and 50 and 48.7% female. Majority of @entity242 were located in the colon (70.7%). When compared to 696,902 @entity1 with @entity420 , @entity242 @entity1 were younger, had @entity5 , were more likely node negative and rectal in location, and higher grade (all p   <   0.001), while sex, race, and comorbidity score were similar (all p   >   0.05). Overall survival was lower at 5  years in @entity1 with @entity242 (43.8%) than @entity420 (52.3%, p   <   0.001). CONCLUSION: Primary @entity14 are rare and present at a younger age and higher grade than @entity694 . Survival is significantly worse compared to @entity420 @entity1 .

title: Outcomes of Primary XXXX : A National Cancer Data Base (NCDB) Review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity242 :: ('MESH:D012509', 'Disease') :: ['sarcoma', 'sarcomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['larger tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1822 :: ('MESH:D007890', 'Disease') :: ['leiomyosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal sarcomas', 'colorectal sarcoma', 'colorectal adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity674 :: ('MESH:D046152', 'Disease') :: ['Gastrointestinal stromal tumors']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['sarcoma of the colon', 'adenocarcinoma of the colon and rectum']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['Colorectal Sarcoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Turning is the most important trigger for freezing of gait ( @entity6556 ) in @entity191 ( @entity191 ), and dual-tasking has been suggested to influence @entity6556 as well. OBJECTIVE: To understand the effects of dual tasking and turning on @entity6556 . METHODS: 14 Freezers and 14 non-freezers matched for disease severity and 14 age-matched controls were asked to turn 180   and 360   with and without a cognitive dual-task during the off-period of the medication cycle. Total number of steps, duration, cadence, freezing-frequency, and secondary-task performance were measured. RESULTS: Seven freezers froze during the protocol. Freezing occurred in 37.5% of trials during 180   turning compared to 0% during straight-line walking (X(2) = 10.44, p < 0.01). The occurrence of @entity6556 increased during 360   when also a dual-task was added (X(2) = 4.23, p = 0.04). Freezers took significantly more steps and were slower than controls in all conditions. The presence of a dual-task increased these differences. Cadence increased significantly for freezers during 360   and 180   compared to straight-line walking. In contrast, cadence was decreased during turning in controls and non-freezers. During straight-line walking, only freezers made errors in the secondary task. Controls increased their error-rate during 180   turning, whereas freezers deteriorated their secondary task performance during 360  . CONCLUSIONS: 360   turning in combination with a dual-task is the most important trigger for freezing. During turning, non-freezers and controls decreased their cadence whereas freezers increased it, which may be related to @entity6556 . Freezers adopted a posture second strategy in contrast to non-freezers when confronted with a dual task.

title: Freezing of gait in XXXX : the impact of dual-tasking and turning.

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ['PD', "Parkinson's disease"]

answer: @entity191 :: (MESH:D010300,Disease) :: ['Parkinson's disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To investigate the relations between cross-sectional area and concentric and eccentric torques in the @entity121 and hamstring muscles and to determine how functional capacity relates to @entity158 , muscle mass, and concentric and eccentric knee torques in @entity1 who have @entity571 ( @entity571 ) of the knee. DESIGN: Randomized, descriptive study. SETTING: A university exercise physiology laboratory in @entity233 . @entity1 : Eighteen @entity1 with bilateral knee @entity571 (grades 2 or 3) graded radiographically. INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Selected functional tests included the 15-m walk, rising from a chair, descending stairs, and stair climbing. @entity158 during the functional tests was subjectively measured on an 11-point scale (range, 0-10). Concentric and eccentric torques of the @entity121 and hamstring muscles were measured by isokinetic dynamometry with angular velocities of 60 degrees, 120 degrees, and 180 degrees /s; cross-sectional areas of the @entity121 and hamstring muscles were measured by computed tomography. RESULTS: Eccentric torque was significantly (P range, <.05 to.001) greater than concentric torque for the @entity121 (range, 16%-100%) and hamstring (range, 50%-158%) muscles at all angular velocities. Torque-velocity curves for concentric and eccentric contractions were almost identical to those found in healthy young and elderly @entity1 . According to r(2) values, cross-sectional area of the @entity121 and hamstring muscles explained 24% to 61% (r(2) range,.24-.61) and 38% to 51% (r(2) range,.38-.51) of the variations in concentric and eccentric peak torques, respectively. Very small to moderate correlations (.01-.75) were observed among torque at any velocity and the variables of functional capacity and @entity158 . For stair-climbing times, the best predictor variable was the eccentric hamstring to concentric @entity121 torque ratio. For stair descending, it was the concentric hamstring to eccentric @entity121 torque ratios. These torque ratios explained 81% (r(2)=.81) and 61% (r(2)=.61) of the variations, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The findings in a @entity1 group with bilateral @entity571 of the knee showed that (1) eccentric torque is greater than concentric torque in knee muscles; (2) the correlation coefficients (r) between concentric and eccentric torques at different velocities (r range,.63-.86), but not between reciprocal torque ratios (r range,.02-.69), are good; (3) cross-sectional area cannot be considered as a single predictor of peak torque for either @entity121 or hamstring muscles; and (4) the variation in descending stairs and stair-climbing capacities can be explained by the reciprocal torque ratios of knee muscles.

title: Muscle mass, isokinetic torque, and functional capacity in XXXX with @entity571 of the knee.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patient', 'PARTICIPANTS', 'people']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['bilateral osteoarthritis', 'OA']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['quadriceps']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 7138 Background. Although @entity902 based chemotherapy (CT) regimens are the standard of therapy in first line @entity1149 , a subset of @entity1 are ineligible to receive such agents. @entity1205 and @entity1206 are each active agents in @entity1149 and when combined may provide enhanced activity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of this combination therapy when administered on a Q2W schedule with @entity17083 support. METHODS: This multi-center, community based study was conducted in 10 sites that enrolled 61 CT na  ve @entity1 with Stage IIIb/IV @entity1149 . Treatment consisted of @entity1206 45mg/m(2)and @entity1205 60mg/m(2) D1 and Filgrastim 5 mcg/kg D2 -D14 repeated Q2W for 8 cycles. @entity1 were evaluated for response at the end of cycles 2, 5 and 8. Confirmed response was defined as complete or partial response (CR, PR) based upon two or more evaluations, while best response was defined as the best of the three evaluations. We report response rate and Kaplan-Meier estimate (95%CL) of time to disease progression and one-year survival. RESULTS: Of 61 enrolled @entity1 42% (95% confidence interval [CI], 30% to 54%) achieved either CR or PR as best response; and 13% (95% CI, 9% to 17%) of @entity1 had a confirmed response. Median time to disease progression was 160 days. With a median follow-up time of 14.2 months, the estimated median survival time is 14.1 months (95% CI lower bound, 8.5), and the 1-year survival rate is 57% (95% CI, 44% to 70%). Five @entity1 (8%) experienced @entity1398 (ANC < 500/mm(3) plus body temperature >= 38.2  C). Overall calculated dose intensity (delivered/planned dose x 100) was 95% for @entity1206 and 93% for @entity1205 . CONCLUSION: The combination of @entity1205 and @entity1206 can be delivered with high dose intensity with Filgrastim support. Additionally in this multi-center non-controlled study completed in a community setting, an interesting 1-year and overall median survival is observed and supports further evaluation. [Table: see text].

title: Prospective multi-center phase II trial of @entity1205 and @entity1206 with XXXX support in subjects with advanced @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ).

entities_list: @entity17083 :: ('MESH:C554038', 'Chemical') :: ['Filgrastim']

entities_list: @entity1205 :: ('MESH:C067311', 'Chemical') :: ['Docetaxel', 'docetaxel']

entities_list: @entity1206 :: ('MESH:C030852', 'Chemical') :: ['vinorelbine']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['febrile neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['platinum']

answer: @entity17083 :: (MESH:C554038,Chemical) :: ['filgrastim']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Glenoid @entity79 is frequently associated with anterior shoulder instability and is considered one of the major causes of recurrence of instability after shoulder stabilization. HYPOTHESIS: Some risk factors are significantly associated with the presence, size, and type of glenoid @entity79 . STUDY DESIGN: Cohort study (prognosis); Level of evidence, 2. METHODS: One hundred sixty-one @entity1 affected by anterior shoulder instability underwent morphologic evaluation of the glenoid by computed tomography scans to assess the presence, size, and type of glenoid @entity79 ( @entity2681 or bony @entity75 ). @entity604 greater than 20% of the area of the inferior glenoid was considered "critical" @entity79 (at risk of recurrence). Outcomes were correlated with the following predictors: age, gender, arm dominance, frequency of @entity3029 , age at first @entity3029 , timing from first @entity3029 , number of dislocations, cause of first @entity3029 , generalized @entity10089 , type of sport, and manual work. RESULTS: Glenoid @entity79 was observed in 72% of the cases. Presence of the defect was significantly associated with recurrence of @entity3029 compared with a single episode of @entity3029 , increasing number of dislocations, male gender, and type of sport. Size of the defect was significantly associated with recurrent @entity3029 , increasing number of dislocations, timing from first @entity3029 , and manual work. Presence of a critical defect was significantly associated with number of dislocations and age at first @entity3029 . Bony @entity75 was significantly associated with male gender and age at first @entity3029 . CONCLUSION: The number of dislocations and age at first @entity3029 are the most significant predictors of glenoid @entity604 in anterior shoulder instability.

title: Analysis of risk factors for glenoid XXXX in anterior shoulder instability.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['Bankart lesion']

entities_list: @entity604 :: ('MESH:D016301', 'Disease') :: ['Bone loss', 'bone loss']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone defect']

entities_list: @entity10089 :: ('MESH:C536012', 'Disease') :: ['ligamentous laxity']

entities_list: @entity3029 :: ('MESH:D004204', 'Disease') :: ['dislocation']

answer: @entity79 :: (MESH:D001847,Disease) :: ['bone defect']


abstract: @entity5 reflects a complicated network of interactions between genes and environmental factors. Cytochrome P450 (CYP) is a multi-gene superfamily participating in the metabolism of xenobiotics. The aim of our study was to examine whether polymorphisms in the CYP enzyme genes affect the risk of developing @entity957 (SCC). Polymorphism of @entity5396 and @entity5322 genes were investigated in 50 @entity1 with laryngeal SCC and 100 control subjects by polymerase chain reaction- restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). In @entity1 the @entity5397 /3genotypes were detected in 92% and 8% respectively. There was no relation between genotype, allele frequency and grade/stage of @entity5 . In control group, the frequency of @entity5396 3/3 and @entity5396 1/3 genotype were 98% and 2% respectively. There was no significant difference in genotype and allele frequency of this gene between @entity1 and control group. In respect of CYP3A41A/B, @entity1 in both @entity1 and control groups had the same genotype of CYP3A41A/1A. In this study, the CYP gene variants were not associated with increased risk of laryngeal SCC. Study on the other genetic factors which are involved in activation/detoxication of procarcinogenes, such as @entity4187 , @entity4188 , @entity5321 and gluthation S transferase is recommended.

title: Study the polymorphism of XXXX and @entity5322 loci in Iranian population with @entity957 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'people']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['larynx squamous cell carcinoma']

answer: @entity5396 :: (1577,Gene) :: ['CYP3A5']


abstract: The characteristics of two monoclonal antibodies (Mabs), A23/1221.59.44.d.3 (1221) and A23/1239.36.64.e.2 (1239), against @entity10275 serogroup I produced in this study were compared with those of two other independently obtained Mabs, 4G4 in Spain and 4F6 in Canada, using different strains as immunogen and different screening procedures. The reaction pattern of Mabs 1221 and 1239 determined by indirect ELISA on over 200 bacterial strains including five E.c. atroseptica and 36 E.c. carotovora serogroups, seven Erw. chrysanthemi biovars, 23 other plant bacterial pathogens and 33 saprophytic bacteria from @entity415 was similar to that of 4G4. Specificity for E.c. atroseptica serogroup I was improved, especially when skimmed milk (Marvel) was used instead of bovine serum albumin as blocking agent. Mabs 1221, 1239 and 4G4 reacted positively with all 22 E.c. atroseptica serogroup I, the dominant E.c. atroseptica serogroup on @entity415 , strains tested and only with two out of five E.c. atroseptica serogroup XXII strains, one E.c. carotovora serogroup XXI strain and one strain of a saprophytic bacterium, Comamonas sp. Essentially similar results were obtained when examined by immunofluorescence. Characterization of the four Mabs showed that they were IgG3 and @entity214 -PAGE/immunoblot results suggested that they were probably against the O-side chain of bacterial cell wall lipopolysaccharides. In competition ELISA between @entity1885 -labelled and unlabelled Mabs, the competition pattern of the four Mabs was similar.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Characterization of monoclonal antibodies against XXXX serogroup I: specificity and epitope analysis.

entities_list: @entity10275 :: ('29471', 'Species') :: ['Erwinia carotovora subsp. atroseptica']

answer: @entity10275 :: (29471,Species) :: ['Erwinia carotovora subsp. atroseptica']


abstract: We present the case of an 18-year-old @entity1 with her second pregnancy, whose first pregnancy was complicated by @entity2978 . At week 30, the dysmorph fetus died in utero and was delivered via cesarean section due to @entity5869 , but the exact diagnosis was not recognized at that time. During the @entity1 's second pregnancy, increasing @entity2978 was detected from the 19th gestational week. Ultrasound signs of @entity2241 also appeared later: abnormal position of limbs, @entity764 , @entity4 around the skull, and absence of stomach content. At week 34, decompression amniocentesis became necessary. Chromosome analysis was also carried out and a normal karyotype was obtained. At 39th gestational week, amnioscopy proved meconium staining of the amniotic fluid, thus labour was induced. Following amniotomy, sustained fetal @entity1168 commenced and an emergency caesarean section was performed. Despite complex resuscitation, the 3000 gram male newborn died 2.5 hours after delivery, due to @entity1576 . Autopsy and histopathologic examination revealed a large, oedematous head, @entity4239 , @entity11124 , @entity4 , @entity764 with @entity358 , gracile limbs with @entity2057 , gracile and bent fingers, and a short umbilical cord. Based on the medical history, the course of the disease and the phenotype of the newborn, @entity22287 was diagnosed. In the second part of the article, we review the etiology, pathogenesis, prenatal diagnosis and differential diagnosis of this syndrome, as well as some aspects of genetic counseling in such cases. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of @entity22287 in Hungary.

title: [ @entity22287 and XXXX in fetal akinesia].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2978 :: ('MESH:D006831', 'Disease') :: ['polyhydramnios']

entities_list: @entity4239 :: ('MESH:D008844', 'Disease') :: ['micrognathia']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['oedema', 'laryngeal oedema']

entities_list: @entity22287 :: ('MESH:C536647', 'Disease') :: ['Pena-Shokeir syndrome type I', 'Pena-Shokeir syndrome']

entities_list: @entity5869 :: ('MESH:D000037', 'Disease') :: ['placental abruption']

entities_list: @entity764 :: ('MESH:D013898', 'Disease') :: ['narrow chest']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary hypoplasia']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory failure']

entities_list: @entity2057 :: ('MESH:D009133', 'Disease') :: ['muscle atrophy']

entities_list: @entity1168 :: ('MESH:D001919', 'Disease') :: ['bradycardia']

entities_list: @entity11124 :: ('MESH:D008260', 'Disease') :: ['macroglossia']

entities_list: @entity2241 :: ('MESH:D005315', 'Disease') :: ['fetal malformation']

answer: @entity358 :: (MESH:D008171,Disease) :: ['pulmonary hypoplasia']


abstract: We analyzed the effect of growth factors on the localization of the 80-kDa acidic myristoylated @entity493 -rich C-kinase substrate (80-kDa @entity19777 ), the major @entity7131 ( @entity7131 ) substrate, in Swiss 3T3 fibroblasts. Virtually all 80-kDa @entity19777 of quiescent cultures of these cells was membrane bound. However, within 40 min after addition of @entity6138 (10 nM) to these cells, the content of 80-kDa @entity19777 in the cytoplasmic fraction increased 25-fold. Phosphorylated 80-kDa @entity19777 was detectable in the cytoplasmic fraction as early as 30 s after addition of @entity6138 and the translocation was sustained for 6 h i.e. until 80-kDa @entity19777 became down-regulated. The ability of @entity6138 to stimulate translocation of 80-kDa @entity19777 was dose-dependent (concentration required to produce 50% of the effect was 0.6 nM @entity6138 ) and was abolished by the specific antagonist [Leu14,13 psi 14CH2NH] @entity6138 . Furthermore, @entity851 ( @entity851 ) stimulated a dose-dependent (concentration required to produce 50% of the effect was 3 ng/ml) translocation which was comparable to that induced by @entity6138 in terms of kinetics and magnitude. Translocation was independent of continuous protein synthesis, but dependent on active @entity7131 . Depletion or inhibition of @entity7131 activity abolished the 80-kDa @entity19777 translocation induced by either @entity6138 or @entity851 . Furthermore, the neuropeptides beta-endothelin, @entity1812 , and @entity1951 , which are known to stimulate @entity7131 activity, also promoted translocation. In contrast, epidermal growth factor, insulin and @entity1928 , which do not activate @entity7131 , failed to cause such an effect. Translocation of 80-kDa @entity19777 was also observed in Rat1 cells treated with @entity4621 , @entity851 and beta-endothelin. We conclude that the translocation of 80-kDa @entity19777 from the membrane to the cytosol is an early response to a variety of growth-promoting factors that stimulate @entity7131 through different signal-transduction pathways.

title: XXXX , endothelin and @entity851 induce rapid translocation of the myristoylated @entity493 -rich C-kinase substrate in Swiss 3T3 cells.

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['platelet-derived growth factor', 'PDGF']

entities_list: @entity1951 :: ('MESH:D014667', 'Chemical') :: ['vasopressin']

entities_list: @entity7131 :: ('MESH:D020151', 'Disease') :: ['protein kinase C', 'PKC']

entities_list: @entity4621 :: ('CHEBI:37532', 'Chemical') :: ['phorbol ester']

entities_list: @entity1812 :: ('MESH:D001920', 'Chemical') :: ['bradykinin']

entities_list: @entity493 :: ('CHEBI:16449', 'Chemical') :: ['alanine']

entities_list: @entity1928 :: ('MESH:D005576', 'Chemical') :: ['forskolin']

entities_list: @entity6138 :: ('MESH:D001839', 'Chemical') :: ['bombesin']

answer: @entity6138 :: (MESH:D001839,Chemical) :: ['Bombesin']


abstract: The majority of @entity1 with @entity3052 ( @entity3052 ) will require second-line chemotherapy for either relapsed or refractory disease. Currently, only allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) offers a curative option in this setting and no preferred regimen has been established. The reported efficacy of second-line regimens is widely disparate, thus limiting informed clinical decision making. A retrospective review of 77 @entity1 receiving therapy between 2001 and 2008 with relapsed, 42, and refractory, 35, @entity3052 was performed to determine overall response rate and survival following @entity2664 (8 mg/m(2)/day), @entity2879 (100 mg/m(2)/day), and @entity2592 (1,000 mg/m(2)/day) chemotherapy administered over 5 days. Among 77 @entity1 (median age of 54 years and 64% intermediate risk karyotype) with median follow-up of 153 days, 18% achieved a complete response and 8% a morphologic @entity1778 -free state. Fifty-seven (74%) experienced treatment failure, 10 of whom achieved a remission after additional therapy. Median overall survival (OS) was 6.8 months. Among @entity1 achieving a response, 50% received consolidation with allogeneic HCT, autologous HCT (5%), or consolidation chemotherapy alone (45%). A nonsignificant trend in overall response (50%, 27%, and 23.8%) and median OS (8.3, 6.8, and 4.7 months) was observed by cytogenetic stratification into favorable, intermediate, and unfavorable risk. @entity1 with refractory versus relapsed disease had similar overall responses (20% and 31%, P = 0.41) and median OS (5.3 and 7.6 months, P = 0.36). Despite risk stratification by the European Prognostic Index, our series demonstrates inferior rates of response and survival, illustrating the limited activity of this regimen in our cohort.

title: Second-line @entity2664 , @entity2879 , and XXXX for @entity3052 : a single-center experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2664 :: ('MESH:D008942', 'Chemical') :: ['mitoxantrone']

entities_list: @entity2592 :: ('MESH:D003561', 'Chemical') :: ['cytarabine']

entities_list: @entity2879 :: ('MESH:D005047', 'Chemical') :: ['etoposide']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute myeloid leukemia', 'AML']

answer: @entity2592 :: (MESH:D003561,Chemical) :: ['cytarabine']


abstract: @entity731 and @entity1028 ( @entity1028 ) are two common @entity455 associated with mechanical changes in the arterial wall. Pulse Wave Imaging (PWI), a technique developed by our group to assess and quantify the mechanical properties of the aortic wall in vivo, may provide valuable diagnostic information. This work implements piecewise PWI (pPWI), an enhanced version of PWI designed for focal @entity455 . Localized, sub-regional PWVs and PWI moduli ( EPWI ) were estimated within 2-4 mm wall segments of @entity19 normal, @entity731 . Overall, stiffness was found to increase in the @entity731 cases. The mean sub-regional @entity122 was found to be 2.57  0.18 m/s for the normal aortas (n = 7) with a corresponding mean EPWI of 43.82  5.86 kPa. A significant increase ( (p <=  0.001)) in the group means of the sub-regional PWVs was found between the normal aortas and the aortas of @entity19 on high-fat diet for 20 ( 3.30  0.36 m/s) and 30 weeks ( 3.56  0.29 m/s). The mean of the sub-regional PWVs ( 1.57  0.78 m/s) and EPWI values ( 19.23  15.47 kPa) decreased significantly in the aneurysmal aortas (p <=  0.05) . Furthermore, the mean coefficient of determination (r(2)) of the normal aortas was significantly higher (p <=  0.05) than those of the aneurysmal and @entity731 cases. These findings demonstrated that pPWI may be able to provide useful biomarkers for monitoring focal @entity455 .

title: Piecewise Pulse Wave Imaging (pPWI) for Detection and Monitoring of Focal XXXX in @entity19 Aortas and Carotids In Vivo.

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular diseases']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerotic and aneurysmal arteries', 'atherosclerotic', 'Atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity1028 :: ('MESH:D017544', 'Disease') :: ['Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms', 'AAAs']

answer: @entity455 :: (MESH:D014652,Disease) :: ['Vascular Disease']