abstract: High voltage irradiation of the iliac and paraaortic lymph nodes for @entity4797 @entity1062 induces a grave, acute @entity1503 . A major part of this effect is probably caused by irradiation of the blood. Indications are presented that B lymphocytes are more gravely affected than T lymphocytes. It is possible that the treatment leaves a relatively radioresistant subpopulation of lymphocytes, mostly consisting of T lymphocytes. The total number of blood lymphocytes is normalized five to ten years after treatment. Six months after treatment the percentage of B lymphocytes is clearly higher than normal, remaining so for the first three years. The percentage of T lymphocytes is unchanged both during therapy and at all intervals thereafter. The results therefore indicate that the number of B lymphocytes is more rapidly normalized after radiotherapy than that of T lymphocytes, and that the post-irradiation lymphocytopenia is mainly a @entity29461 . However, this shift in B/T lymphocyte ratio is not permanent, being completely or nearly normalized after ten years. This pattern of regeneration seems to be essentially the same in @entity1 who have received additional treatment to the mediastinum, probably meaning that the thymus has only a marginal influence on the regeneration of T lymphocytes in the adult organism. It is possible that the rapid recovery of B lymphocytes relates to the ability of the bone marrow to extend into non-irradiated parts of the skeleton after radiation destruction.

title: Early and late effects of irradiation for @entity4797 XXXX on the number of blood lymphocytes and their B and T subpopulations.

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['blood lymphocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity29461 :: ('MESH:C536783', 'Disease') :: ['T lymphocytopenia']

answer: @entity1062 :: (MESH:D013736,Disease) :: ['testis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity73 can have a crucial impact on the outcome of @entity341 @entity1 , especially in cases of concomitant antithrombotic drug treatment. In this prospective observational study we used a point of care (POC) coagulometer in a prehospital physician-based @entity341 medical system in order to test its validity and potential value in the treatment of @entity341 @entity1 . METHODS: During a study period of 12  months, @entity1 could be included if venous access was mandatory for further treatment. The POC device CoaguChek   was used to assess international normalized ratio (INR) after ambulance arrival at the scene. Results were compared with in-hospital central laboratory assessment of INR. The gain of time was analysed as well as the potential value of POC testing through a questionnaire completed by the responsible prehospital @entity341 physician. RESULTS: A total of 103 @entity1 were included in this study. POC INR results were highly correlated with results of conventional assessment of INR (Bland-Altman-bias: 0.014). Using a cutoff value of INR >1.3, the device's sensitivity to detect @entity1003 was 100  % with a specificity of 98.7  %. The median gain of time was 69  min. Treating @entity341 physicians considered the value of prehospital POC INR testing 'high' in 9  % and 'medium' in 21  % of all @entity1 . In @entity1 with tracer diagnosis 'neurology', the value of prehospital INR assessment was considered 'high' or 'medium' (63  %) significantly more often than in @entity1 with non-neurological tracer diagnoses (24  %). CONCLUSIONS: Assessment of INR through a POC coagulometer is feasible in prehospital @entity341 care and provides valuable information on haemostatic parameters in @entity1 . Questionnaire results suggest that POC INR testing may present a valuable technique in selected @entity1 . Whether this information translates into an improved management of respective @entity1 has to be evaluated in further studies.

title: Point of care coagulometry in prehospital XXXX care: an observational study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['Haemostatic impairment']

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['emergency']

entities_list: @entity1003 :: ('MESH:D001778', 'Disease') :: ['coagulopathy']

answer: @entity341 :: (MESH:D004630,Disease) :: ['emergency']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The risk of post-traumatic humeral head @entity2530 ( @entity2530 ), regardless of the treatment, has a high reported incidence. In 2004, Hertel et al. stated that the most relevant predictors of @entity63 after intracapsular @entity174 treated with osteosynthesis are the calcar length, medial hinge integrity and some specific @entity174 types. Based on Hertel's model, the purpose of this study is to evaluate both its reliability and weaknesses in our series of 267 @entity174 , assessing how the anatomical configuration of @entity174 , the quality of reduction and its maintenance were predictive of @entity2530 development, and so to suggest a treatment choice algorithm. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective study, level of evidence IV, was conducted to duly assess the radiographic features of 267 @entity174 treated from 2004 to 2010 following Hertel's criteria treated with open reduction and internal fixation by angular stability plates and screws. The average age was 65.2  years. The average follow-up was 28.3      17.0  months. The percentage of @entity2530 , the quality and maintenance of reduction obtained during surgery were evaluated. RESULTS: The @entity2530 incidence was 3.7  %. No significant correlation with gender, age and @entity174 type was found. At the last follow-up X-ray, only 30  % presented all Hertel's good predictors in the @entity2530 group, 4.7  % in the non- @entity2530 group (p  <  0.05). About quality of reduction in the @entity2530 group, it was poor in 50  %; while in the non- @entity2530 group, it was poor in 3.4  % (p  <  0.05). Four @entity1 with @entity2530 were symptomatic, and three needed a second surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Hertel's criteria are important in the surgical planning, but they are not sufficient: an accurate evaluation of the calcar area @entity174 in three planes is required. All @entity174 involving calcar area should be studied with CT. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: IV.

title: Complex proximal humerus XXXX : Hertel's criteria reliability to predict head necrosis.

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'fracture']

entities_list: @entity2530 :: ('MESH:D010020', 'Disease') :: ['AVN', 'osteonecrosis', 'avascular necrosis']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['fractures']


abstract: AIMS: To isolate and characterize a mutant of @entity43750 which fails to utilize a plasmin derived beta-casein peptide for the acquisition of @entity1853 . METHODS AND RESULTS: Random insertional mutagenesis was used to isolate a mutant strain of Strep. uberis @entity43750 which was unable to utilize @entity1853 from within a casein-derived peptide. The altered gene in the mutant strain showed homology to an oligopeptide permease gene of @entity4195 (oppF). The mutant was unable to obtain specific @entity1522 from defined peptides of various lengths and its growth yield in skimmed milk was between 1 and 10% that of the wild-type strain, but was restored following the inclusion of these @entity1522 . CONCLUSIONS: The oligopeptide permease homologue of Strep. uberis @entity43750 is necessary for the utilization of @entity1522 from within specific peptides. Efficient acquisition of essential @entity1522 by Strep. uberis @entity43750 is required for the bacterium to achieve an optimum yield in milk. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: @entity8211 is a major agent of @entity291 @entity1271 with a corresponding high economic loss. By targeting metabolic pathways essential to the growth of Strep. uberis it may be possible to prevent the establishment of growth of the bacterium in milk. This study has identified the acquisition of essential @entity1522 as playing a role in the growth of Strep. uberis in milk.

title: Isolation and characterization of a mutant strain of @entity8211 , which fails to utilize a plasmin derived beta-casein peptide for the acquisition of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity4195 :: ('1314', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus pyogenes']

entities_list: @entity1853 :: ('MESH:D008715', 'Chemical') :: ['methionine']

entities_list: @entity43750 :: ('218495', 'Species') :: ['0140J', 'Streptococcus uberis strain 0140J']

entities_list: @entity8211 :: ('1349', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus uberis']

answer: @entity1853 :: (MESH:D008715,Chemical) :: ['methionine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This prospective study of the use of EUS to prevent unnecessary endoscopic retrograde cholangiography in @entity1 with suspected @entity2877 has two aims: to evaluate the effectiveness, based on @entity1 outcome, and the potential clinical and economic benefits of EUS. METHODS: A prospective series of 485 @entity1 (202 @entity1 , 283 @entity1 ; mean age 66.2 years, range 20-94 years) suspected to have @entity2877 based on clinical, biochemical, and cross-sectional imaging (US or CT) data underwent EUS. Positive EUS findings were confirmed by endoscopic retrograde cholangiography with sphincterotomy and/or by surgery; negative findings were confirmed by clinical follow-up. An EUS result was considered a true negative if the @entity1 was confirmed symptom-free with normal tests on follow-up of at least 6 months. The costs of EUS (procedure, days of hospitalization, any morbidity) were compared with the estimated costs of the endoscopic retrograde cholangiography avoided in @entity1 with true-negative EUS findings. RESULTS: EUS findings were verified in 463 @entity1 : EUS diagnosed @entity2877 in 239 (51.6%) and the absence of stones in 220 @entity1 . In 4 @entity1 (0.8%), EUS was incomplete. By sphincterotomy (209 @entity1 ), surgical bile duct exploration (39), percutaneous cholangiography (1 case in which EUS demonstrated a @entity1126 ), and follow-up (214), EUS diagnoses were confirmed as follows: 237 true-positive, 216 true-negative, 2 false-positive, 4 false-negative, 4 incomplete (sensitivity 98%, specificity 99%, positive predictive value 99%, negative predictive value 98%, accuracy 97%). In 214 (46%) @entity1 , more invasive investigations of the bile duct were avoided. The mean cost for @entity1 managed by the EUS-based strategy was ' 374.50 (-284.72), which was significantly less than the theoretical mean cost of ' 443.80 (p < 0.001) for @entity1 undergoing endoscopic retrograde cholangiography. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study confirm that EUS is highly reliable for the diagnosis of @entity2877 . Its use offers considerable clinical and economic advantages by preventing inappropriate and more invasive evaluation of the bile duct.

title: EUS for suspected XXXX : do benefits outweigh costs? A prospective, controlled study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1126 :: ('MESH:D001650', 'Disease') :: ['bile duct tumor']

entities_list: @entity2877 :: ('MESH:D042883', 'Disease') :: ['choledocholithiasis']

answer: @entity2877 :: (MESH:D042883,Disease) :: ['choledocholithiasis']


abstract: The expression strategy of parvoviruses of the Densovirus genus has as yet not been reported. Clones were obtained from the densonucleosis @entity778 (GmDNV) that yielded infectious virus upon transfection into LD652 cells. Its genome was found to be the longest (6,039 nucleotides [nt]), with the largest inverted terminal repeats (ITRs) (550 nt) among all parvoviruses. The distal 136 nt could be folded into hairpins with flop or flip sequence orientations. In contrast to vertebrate parvoviruses, the gene cassettes for the nonstructural (NS) and structural (VP) proteins were found on the 5' halves of the opposite strands. The transcripts for both cassettes started 23 nt downstream of the ITRs. The TATA boxes, as well as all upstream promoter elements, were localized in the ITRs and, therefore, identical for the NS and VP transcripts. These transcripts overlapped for 60 nt at the 3' ends (antisense RNAs) at 50 m.u. The NS cassette consisted of three genes of which @entity3535 was contained completely within @entity8768 but from a different reading frame. Most of the NS transcripts were spliced to remove the upstream @entity984 , allowing leaky scanning translation of @entity8768 and @entity3535 , similar to the genes of RNA-6 of @entity10262 . @entity984 could be translated from the unspliced transcript. The VP transcript was not spliced and generated four VPs by a leaky scanning mechanism. The 5'-untranslated region of the VP transcript was only 5 nt long. Despite the transcription and translation strategies being radically different from those of vertebrate parvoviruses, the capsid was found to have phospholipase A(2) activity, a feature thus far unique for parvoviruses.

title: Organization and expression strategy of the ambisense genome of densonucleosis XXXX .

entities_list: @entity778 :: ('MESH:D015658', 'Disease') :: ['virus of Galleria mellonella']

entities_list: @entity10262 :: ('11520', 'Species') :: ['influenza B virus']

answer: @entity778 :: (MESH:D015658,Disease) :: ['virus of Galleria mellonella']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To perform a longitudinal validation study of imaging bone biomarkers of @entity626 ( @entity571 ) progression. METHODS: We undertook a nested case-control study within the @entity571 Initiative in knees (one knee per subject) with a Kellgren and Lawrence grade of 1-3. Cases were defined as knees having the combination of medial tibiofemoral radiographic progression and @entity158 progression at the 24-month, 36-month or 48-month follow-up compared with baseline. Controls (n=406) were eligible knees that did not meet both endpoint criteria and included 200 with neither radiographic nor @entity158 progression, 103 with radiographic progression only and 103 with @entity158 progression only. Bone surfaces in medial and lateral femur, @entity2091 and patella compartments were segmented from MR images using active appearance models. Independent variables of primary interest included change from baseline to 24   months in (1) total area of bone and (2) position on three-dimensional (3D) bone shape vectors that discriminate @entity571 versus non- @entity571 shapes. We assessed the association of bone markers changes over 24   months with progression using logistic regression. RESULTS: 24-month changes in bone area and shape in all compartments were greater in cases than controls, with ORs of being a case @entity307 SD increase in bone area ranging from 1.28 to 1.71 across compartments, and @entity307 SD greater change in 3D shape vectors ranging from 1.22 to 1.64. Bone markers were associated most strongly with radiographic progression and only weakly with @entity158 progression. CONCLUSIONS: In knees with mild-to-moderate radiographic @entity571 , changes in bone area and shape over 24   months are associated with the combination of radiographic and @entity158 progression over 48   months. This finding of association with longer term clinical outcome underscores their potential for being an efficacy of intervention biomarker in clinical trials.

title: Longitudinal validation of periarticular bone area and 3D shape as biomarkers for knee XXXX progression? Data from the FNIH @entity571 Biomarkers Consortium.

entities_list: @entity626 :: ('MESH:D020370', 'Disease') :: ['knee osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['OA', 'Osteoarthritis']

answer: @entity571 :: (MESH:D010003,Disease) :: ['OA']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: e13046 Background: Vaccination of resected @entity0 @entity1 has shown promise in prolonging disease-free survival, but immune responses to vaccine antigens have been inconsistent. We hypothesized that addition of the @entity6801 agonist @entity25696 and @entity2841 ( @entity2841 -sargramostim) to a peptide vaccine for resected @entity0 @entity1 would increase the frequency of vaccine-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes generated by @entity1 in response to vaccination. METHODS: @entity1 with resected @entity2355 -positive @entity0 who had completed all standard adjuvant therapy were randomized to receive vaccines consisting of three @entity2355 - and @entity1722 / @entity1722 -derived peptides emulsified in Montanide ISA-51 with varying immune adjuvants: @entity2841 (Arm A); @entity25696 (Arm B); or both @entity2841 and @entity25696 (Arm C). Vaccines were given every four weeks for six treatment cycles; @entity1 were then observed for an additional 18 months. Vaccine immune responses were monitored by staining peripheral blood samples with MHC tetramers containing the peptides of interest. Responses were defined as doubling of antigen-specific T cells from pre-treatment levels or conversion from undetectable (< 0.05%) to detectable frequencies of antigen-specific T cells. RESULTS: Four @entity1 experienced >=  grade 3 @entity137 : 1/16 in Arm A ( @entity272 ), 2/11 in Arm B (injection site reaction, @entity2744 ), and 1/12 in Arm C ( @entity1163 ). The most common @entity137 of any grade were injection site reactions, @entity4841 , @entity925 , and @entity1295 . @entity1722 / @entity1722 -specific immune responses were induced in 10 of 15 @entity1 tested (3 of 5 in Arm A, 3 of 5 in Arm B, and 4 of 5 in Arm C), while @entity2355 -specific immune responses were induced in 9 of 15 @entity1 (1 of 5 in Arm A, 4 of 5 in Arm B, and 4 of 5 in Arm C). CONCLUSIONS: Vaccines consisting of @entity2355 and @entity1722 / @entity1722 peptides with @entity2841 and/or @entity25696 are generally well-tolerated and lead to T cell immune responses in the majority of vaccinated @entity1 . Funded by the DOD Breast Cancer Research Program DAMD17-01-1-0318.

title: @entity2355 / XXXX / @entity1722 peptide-based immunotherapeutic vaccines for @entity0 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer', 'breast adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin infection']

entities_list: @entity2744 :: ('MESH:C567425', 'Disease') :: ['endocrinopathy']

entities_list: @entity925 :: ('MESH:D063806', 'Disease') :: ['myalgias']

entities_list: @entity4841 :: ('MESH:D018771', 'Disease') :: ['arthralgias']

entities_list: @entity2841 :: ('1437', 'Gene') :: ['granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor', 'GM-CSF']

answer: @entity1722 :: (2064,Gene) :: ['HER2']


abstract: Long-term care will increasingly shift from institutions to home and community based services. Using data from a Medicaid home care waiver program in South Carolina, the Community Long-Term Care (CLTC) program, we evaluated differences in frailty and service use among CLTC clients between 1995 (n = 3,748) and 2005 (n = 9,157). The expectation was that CLTC clients had become more frail in that period, and had greater access to services in the community, results that might suggest the CLTC program had helped individuals to avoid institutionalization. Frailty measures included acute and chronic conditions, other health conditions, and activities of daily living (ADL). We evaluated the percentage of clients using services, and service use intensity. A large majority of clients in both years were impaired in at least four ADL. In 2005, CLTC clients were significantly more likely to have chronic conditions, including @entity101 , @entity1030 , @entity195 , @entity625 , @entity6 , and @entity177 (all p < 0.05). Clients were significantly more likely to receive specific services in 2005, including physical therapy, dialysis, and @entity26 (all p < 0.05). Results suggest CLTC @entity1 were more frail in 2005 than in 1995. This may reflect a successful effort to help individuals age in place in the community, delaying institutionalization. States may be able to control increases in Medicaid long-term care costs through home care programs that delay institutionalization.

title: Aging in place? Evidence that a state Medicaid waiver program helps frail older XXXX avoid institutionalization.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['arthritis']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["Alzheimer's disease"]

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['persons']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Renal relapse in @entity1988 has been shown to have ominous prognostic significance with the majority of @entity1 progressing to doubling of serum @entity1011 (CRX2). However, not all @entity1 do so. This report explores the roles of response of @entity32 to therapy and of @entity8 and interstitial @entity82 and their potential reversal to outcome of @entity8 . METHODS: Renal biopsies from 71 @entity1 with @entity1988 with an initial biopsy (Bx1) and systematic control biopsy (Bx2) after six months of therapy, as well as subsequent biopsies for clinical indications, were studied. The relationships of morphologic factors to @entity8 and its outcome as well as to CRX2 and @entity454 ( @entity454 ) were analyzed. Cox proportional hazards modeling was used to assess association of morphologic variables with outcomes. RESULTS: @entity8 and @entity8 were partially reversible in 17 and 11 @entity1 , respectively. This decline was associated with an excellent prognosis, with only one @entity1 in each group (5.9% and 9.1% respectively) progressing to CRX2. All 18 @entity1 who progressed to CRX2 either failed to respond to therapy (7 @entity1 ) as defined by normalization of serum @entity1011 (SCr) and reduction of @entity644 to < or =1 g/day, or relapsed after initial response (11 @entity1 ), as defined by recent rise of SCr > 50% and/or @entity644 > 3.5 g/day. However, relapse also occurred in 11 of 47 other @entity1 without progression to CRX2. These @entity1 showed a greater initial response of @entity32 and deposits to therapy and @entity82 partially reversed in the period prior to relapse, so that active lesions were superimposed on a lower level of @entity740 . By contrast, @entity740 mounted steadily in those who progressed to CRX2. Cox proportional hazards modeling indicated a strong association of inflammatory variables with @entity8 , CRX2 and @entity454 . However, the extent of immunoglobulin deposits was not significantly associated with any outcome. Finally, we found that failure of disease to remit also is associated with a high rate of CRX2 (64.8% vs. 13.0%, P = 0.00034). CONCLUSIONS: Interstitial @entity82 and @entity8 in @entity1252 are partially reversible, and this reversal is attended by an excellent outcome. The outcome of @entity8 is determined by the initial response of inflammatory and chronicity elements to therapy, those with prior partial reversal of interstitial and @entity8 having a good outcome, and those in whom @entity75 have continued to increase and have a poor outcome. Inflammatory variables appear to be more important in determining outcome than immunoglobulin deposits.

title: Outcome of relapse in @entity1988 : roles of reversal of renal @entity82 and response of XXXX to therapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal relapse', 'glomerular segmental scarring', 'glomerular scarring', 'Renal interstitial fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrous lesions', 'fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['fibrotic lesions']

entities_list: @entity1252 :: ('MESH:D008180', 'Disease') :: ['systemic lupus erythematosus']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['chronic lesions']

entities_list: @entity1988 :: ('MESH:D008181', 'Disease') :: ['lupus nephritis']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage renal disease', 'ESRD']

answer: @entity32 :: (MESH:D007249,Disease) :: ['inflammation']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity3251 is associated with clinical dilemmas as untreated @entity1 may have a guarded prognosis and as treatment may induce severe side effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the outcome of @entity1 born to mothers with @entity3252 acquired during pregnancy, following administration of appropriate regimens both during pregnancy and early infancy. STUDY DESIGN: All 35 @entity1 , born to mothers with @entity3252 acquired during pregnancy, and referred to the major Neonatal Department in Crete, Greece, during the 7-year period 1997-2003 were included. All neonates were evaluated soon after birth and on a regular follow-up. RESULTS: Almost all mothers received @entity7912 from diagnosis through labor and 2 received @entity4765 and @entity4766 . At birth, infants had IgG antibody titers ranging from 1/1,350 to 1/109,350. All @entity1 initially received @entity4765 , @entity4766 and @entity4181 but in only 4 cases treatment was continued beyond the second month of life. Transient @entity1398 was commonly observed. A follow-up period of 1.2-8.2 years did not reveal any remarkable sequelae. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that effective treatment both during pregnancy and early infancy is safe and may contribute to a good outcome of @entity1 born to mothers with @entity3252 acquired during pregnancy.

title: Outcome of XXXX acquired during pregnancy following treatment in both pregnancy and early infancy.

entities_list: @entity4766 :: ('MESH:D013411', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfadiazine']

entities_list: @entity4181 :: ('MESH:D002955', 'Chemical') :: ['folinic acid']

entities_list: @entity7912 :: ('MESH:D015572', 'Chemical') :: ['spiramycin']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity3252 :: ('MESH:D014123', 'Disease') :: ['toxoplasmosis']

entities_list: @entity3251 :: ('MESH:D014125', 'Disease') :: ['Congenital toxoplasmosis']

entities_list: @entity4765 :: ('MESH:D011739', 'Chemical') :: ['pyrimethamine']

answer: @entity3252 :: (MESH:D014123,Disease) :: ['toxoplasmosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity8574 orange leukocyte cytospin (AOLC) is a highly sensitive and specific test for the detection of catheter-related @entity281 (CRBSI). We evaluated the role of the AOLC test in early detection or exclusion of CRBSI and compared the cost of managing @entity1 with suspected CRBSI. METHODS: On the day of clinical suspicion of CRBSI, blood samples were obtained from the catheters for the AOLC test, and peripheral blood samples were obtained for quantitative blood cultures. Catheters with positive AOLC results were immediately removed for culture and replaced if necessary. Catheters with negative AOLC tests were left in situ. We compared the catheter lifespan in @entity1 with suspected CRBSI who had positive and negative AOLC tests and calculated the cost of using the AOLC test to prevent indiscriminate catheter removal. RESULTS: Fifty @entity1 with suspected CRBSI were tested and prospectively followed up. Catheters were removed in 10 @entity1 (20%) with a positive AOLC test, and CRBSI was confirmed in each case subsequently. Selective removal of catheters based on AOLC tests significantly extended the lifespan of catheters compared with an indiscriminate removal of catheters based on clinical suspicion of CRBSI (median, 24 versus 11 days; p < .0001). The cost of an AOLC test and selective catheter replacement strategy was significantly lower than the cost of routine removal and replacement of catheters (median, pounds sterling 9.53 versus pounds sterling 64.20; p < .0001). CONCLUSION: The AOLC test enables a rapid detection of CRBSI, avoids unnecessary removal of catheters, and provides a cost-efficient management approach in @entity1 with suspected CRBSI.

title: The use of a rapid in situ test in the detection of central venous catheter-related XXXX : a prospective study.

entities_list: @entity8574 :: ('CHEBI:36420', 'Chemical') :: ['Acridine']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['bloodstream infection']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity281 :: (MESH:D007239,Disease) :: ['bloodstream infection']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Minor elevations of @entity908 kinase MB isoform (CK-MB) identified a population with a worse long-term prognosis after successful coronary intervention. Recent studies provide evidence that @entity6949 ( @entity6949 ) is more sensitive than CK-MB for the detection of minor @entity296 after coronary intervention. The purpose of the study was to determine the prognostic value of @entity6949 elevation after elective uncomplicated successful percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). METHODS: @entity6949 was measured in 96 @entity1 with @entity5749 before and 24 h after elective uncomplicated successful percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) with or without stenting. @entity1 were followed up for adverse @entity299 (recurrent @entity951 , non-fatal @entity583 , @entity204 , repeat PCI or coronary bypass surgery). Procedure success was achieved in all cases. RESULTS: @entity299 were best predicted by @entity6949 when a cut-off value of 2.0 microg/L was used. Abnormal @entity6949 values at 24 h after PCI were observed in 26 @entity1 (27%). Over a follow-up period of 24 months with no significant difference in the medication used, the incidence of recurrent @entity951 , repeat PCI, coronary bypass surgery and @entity204 was 54%, 46%, 4% and 4%, respectively, in the @entity6949 -positive @entity1 versus 27%, 16%, 4% and 0% in the @entity6949 -negative @entity1 . Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that @entity6949 elevation was a significant correlate of @entity299 (P = 0.0198, by log rank analysis). CONCLUSIONS: Elevation of @entity6949 is not uncommon after elective uncomplicated successful PCI in @entity1 with @entity5749 and this elevation might be a marker of adverse long-term outcome.

title: Biochemical detection of minor XXXX after elective, uncomplicated, successful percutaneous coronary intervention in @entity1 with @entity5749 : clinical outcome.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial injury']

entities_list: @entity908 :: ('MESH:D003401', 'Chemical') :: ['creatine']

entities_list: @entity6949 :: ('7137', 'Gene') :: ['cTnI', 'cardiac troponin I']

entities_list: @entity5749 :: ('MESH:D060050', 'Disease') :: ['stable angina']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac events', 'Cardiac events']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac death']

answer: @entity296 :: (MESH:D009202,Disease) :: ['myocardial injury']


abstract: Photoreceptor @entity6708 phosphodiesterase (PDE6) is the effector enzyme in the vertebrate visual transduction cascade. The activity of rod PDE6 catalytic alpha- and beta-subunits is blocked in the dark by two inhibitory Pgamma-subunits. The inhibition is released upon light-stimulation of photoreceptor cells. Mutation @entity67432 in @entity39446 has been linked to @entity14300 ( @entity14300 ) in a large Danish family (Rambusch pedigree) (Gal, A., Orth, U., Baehr, W., Schwinger, E., and Rosenberg, T. (1994) Nat. Genet. 7, 64-67.) We have analyzed the consequences of this mutation for PDE6 function using a Pgamma-sensitive @entity25667 '/ @entity7856 chimera, Chi16. Biochemical analysis of the @entity67433 mutant, an equivalent of PDE6beta @entity67432 , demonstrates that this substitution does not alter the ability of chimeric PDE to dimerize or the enzyme's catalytic properties. The sensitivity of @entity67433 to a competitive inhibitor zaprinast was also unaffected. However, the mutant displayed a significant impairment in the inhibitory interaction with Pgamma, which was apparent from a approximately 20-fold increase in the K(i) value (46 nM) and incomplete maximal inhibition. The inhibitory defect of @entity67433 is not due to perturbation of noncatalytic @entity6708 binding to the @entity25667 ' GAF domains. The noncatalytic @entity6708 -binding characteristics of the @entity67433 mutant were similar to those of the parent @entity25667 '/ @entity7856 chimera. Since rod PDE6 in the Rambusch @entity14300 is a catalytic heterodimer of the wild-type @entity25667 and mutant @entity39446 , Chi16 and @entity67433 were coexpressed, and a heterodimeric PDE, Chi16/ @entity67433 , was isolated. It displayed two Pgamma inhibitory sites with the K(i) values of 5 and 57 nM. Our results support the hypothesis that mutation @entity67432 in @entity39446 causes @entity14300 through incomplete inhibition of PDE6 activity by Pgamma, which leads to desensitization of rod photoreceptors.

title: Mutation in rod PDE6 linked to XXXX impairs the enzyme inhibition by its gamma-subunit.

entities_list: @entity14300 :: ('MESH:C536122', 'Disease') :: ['CSNB', 'congenital stationary night blindness']

answer: @entity14300 :: (MESH:C536122,Disease) :: ['congenital stationary night blindness']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity2414 after @entity64 in young adults is poorly understood. In elderly @entity64 survivors @entity2414 and the concomitant loss of hippocampal volume are usually explained by coexisting @entity179 (e.g., amyloid pathology) in interaction with @entity64 . However, @entity179 , such as amyloid pathology, is generally absent at young age. Accumulating evidence suggests that @entity1188 itself may cause secondary @entity179 in remote areas. Therefore, we investigated the relation between long-term memory performance and hippocampal volume in young @entity1 with first-ever @entity385 . We studied all consecutive first-ever @entity385 @entity1 , aged 18-50 years, admitted to our academic hospital center between 1980 and 2010. Episodic memory of 173 @entity1 was assessed using the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test and the Rey Complex Figure and compared with 87 @entity64 -free controls. Hippocampal volume was determined using FSL-FIRST, with manual correction. On average 10 years after @entity64 , @entity1 had smaller ipsilateral hippocampal volumes compared with controls after left-hemispheric @entity64 (5.4%) and right-hemispheric @entity64 (7.7%), with most apparent @entity2414 after left-hemispheric @entity64 . A larger hemispheric @entity64 was associated with a smaller ipsilateral hippocampal volume (b=-0.003, P<0.0001). Longer follow-up duration was associated with smaller ipsilateral hippocampal volume after left-hemispheric @entity64 (b=-0.028 ml, P=0.002) and right-hemispheric @entity64 (b=-0.015 ml, P=0.03). Our results suggest that @entity1188 is associated with remote injury to the hippocampus, which may lower or expedite the threshold for @entity73 or even @entity303 later in life. Hum Brain Mapp 36:2432-2442, 2015.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Ipsilateral hippocampal atrophy is associated with long-term XXXX after @entity385 in young adults.

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarction']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['neurodegeneration', 'neurodegenerative disease']

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['memory dysfunctioning', 'memory impairments', 'Memory impairment']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity2414 :: (MESH:D008569,Disease) :: ['memory dysfunction']


abstract: Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) can be exploited as cellular delivery vehicles for the enzymes converting non-toxic prodrugs to toxic substances. Because of their inherent chemoresistance, they exert potent bystander and antitumor effect. Here we show that the @entity1 adipose tissue-derived MSC expressing fusion @entity375 @entity5538 deaminase:: @entity5537 phosphoribosyltransferase (CD-MSC) in combination with @entity4895 ( @entity10498 ) mediated a long-term @entity5 -free survival in the 83.3% of @entity5 -bearing animals. CD-MSC/5FC treatment induced @entity137 against model @entity1 @entity320 cells EGFP-A375. Only 4% of the therapeutic CD-MSC cells eliminated >98.5% of the @entity5 cells in vitro. Long-term @entity5 -free survival was confirmed in 15 out of the 18 animals. However, repeatedly used CD-MSC/5FC therapeutic regimen generated more aggressive and metastatic variant of the @entity320 cells EGFP-A375/Rel3. These cells derived from the refractory xenotransplants exhibited increased resistance to the CD-MSC/5FC treatment, altered cell adhesion, migration, tumorigenic and metastatic properties. However, long-term curative effect was achieved by the augmentation of the CD-MSC/5FC regimen along with the inhibition of @entity1916 /hepatocyte growth factor signaling axis in this aggressive @entity320 derivative. In summary, the CD-MSC/5FC regimen can be regarded as a very effective antitumor approach to achieve long-term @entity5 -free survival as demonstrated on a @entity19 model of aggressive @entity1 @entity320 xenografts.

title: Long-term efficiency of mesenchymal stromal cell-mediated CD-MSC/5FC therapy in @entity1 XXXX xenograft model.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity4895 :: ('MESH:D005437', 'Chemical') :: ['5-fluorocytosine']

entities_list: @entity5538 :: ('MESH:D003596', 'Chemical') :: ['cytosine']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma']

answer: @entity320 :: (MESH:D008545,Disease) :: ['melanoma']


abstract: Sixty-two @entity1 with the @entity5277 (30-150 cm) were managed by continuous enteral nutrition (CEN) in the early adaptive phase. In all, 82 per cent were referrals from other units and 85 per cent of referrals had failure of one or more organ systems on admission. There were @entity6177 in 41 per cent of @entity1 and 37 per cent had an enterocutaneous @entity292 . The diet included polysaccharides, medium chain @entity1674 and protein hydrolysates, mixed with a high-viscosity @entity7243 suspension. An elemental diet was used initially in 15 per cent of @entity1 . Thirty-three @entity1 had an interruption of the gastrointestinal tract by a temporary enterostomy. Chyme was re-infused into the distal intestine in 20 cases. 'Zero-time' was taken as the time of operation or, for referred @entity1 treated conservatively, the date of admission. CEN was commenced at a mean of 14 days from zero-time. Total parenteral nutrition could be discontinued at a mean of 36 days and exclusive oral alimentation was resumed at a mean of 87 days. @entity1 with small bowel longer than 80 cm attained enteral autonomy earlier than @entity1 with a shorter length. Mean faecal volume did not increase following institution of CEN, suggesting tolerance to the high-viscosity diet. In cases with re-infusion of enteric content, the distal circuit (length of distal small intestine 46 cm) was able to absorb 70 per cent of the volume re-infused (mean volume 2700 ml). Body weight and nutritional markers increased significantly during the course of CEN. This study suggests that enteral autonomy can be attained early in the @entity5277 , even under challenging conditions. Elemental formulae do not appear to offer a benefit over polymeric diets.

title: Continuous enteral nutrition during the early adaptive stage of the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity6177 :: ('MESH:D018784', 'Disease') :: ['intra-abdominal abscesses']

entities_list: @entity5277 :: ('MESH:D012778', 'Disease') :: ['short bowel syndrome']

answer: @entity5277 :: (MESH:D012778,Disease) :: ['short bowel syndrome']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In the treatment of @entity281 , early transition to oral antibiotics is desirable to shorten hospital stays and complications of prolonged intravenous therapy. @entity1851 ( @entity1851 ) is an acute phase reactant with a short half-life and is utilized at our institution to monitor progress and determine the transition to oral antibiotics. We hypothesized that @entity1 can be safely transitioned from parenteral antibiotics to oral antibiotics when @entity1 improve clinically and @entity1851 halves over a period of 4 days. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective review was conducted of all pediatric @entity1 between the ages of 1 month and 18 years admitted and treated for acute @entity5414 at the authors' institution. We recorded all relevant data, inpatient progress, and outpatient follow-up. RESULTS: Thirty-seven @entity1 fulfilled the selection criteria and were reviewed for this study. @entity1 were an average of 8.37  4.91 years old. Surgery was performed in 33 @entity1 (89.2%). The average duration of intravenous antibiotics was 11.00  5.61 days and the average duration of oral antibiotics was 28.76  8.69 days, with an average total duration of antibiotics of 39.16  9.08 days. The average peak @entity1851 was 156.91  97.81 mg/L and the average @entity1851 at discharge was 24.94  22.36 mg/L. Thirty-four @entity1 (91.89%) experienced a 50% decline in @entity1851 over 4 days. Of these @entity1 , only 1 (2.94%) went on develop complications in the follow-up period. The average hospitalization period was 11.50  6.55 days. The average duration of follow-up was 7.83  6.56 months. CONCLUSIONS: We found that the combination of clinical improvement and a specific reduction of 50% in @entity1851 levels over 4 days, or 5 @entity1851 half lives, could be used to determine when to transition @entity1 with @entity281 from parenteral to oral therapy. Complicated outcomes were associated with negative cultures, longer hospitalizations, and persistently elevated @entity1851 levels. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level IV-Case Series.

title: The Use of XXXX as a Guide for Transitioning to Oral Antibiotics in @entity281 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['osteoarticular infections', 'pediatric osteoarticular infections']

entities_list: @entity5414 :: ('MESH:D001170', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial osteomyelitis and/or septic arthritis']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein', 'CRP']

answer: @entity1851 :: (1401,Gene) :: ['C-reactive Protein']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect and mechanism of recombinant @entity1 @entity1307 (rhEPO) on angiogenesis in chronic @entity63 porcine myocardium. METHODS: A ameroid constrictor was placed around the proximal circumflex branch of the left coronary artery in 12 Bama miniatures' @entity1707 artery by thoracoscopy. Electrocardiogram and coronary angiography were used to confirm the establishment of @entity741 . The animals were divided into rhEPO treatment group (n = 6) and negative control group (n = 6). Treatment group received subcutaneous injection of rhEPO at 1, 3, 7, 14, 21 days, control group received saline. The expression of @entity7 ( @entity7 ) in serum was assessed by ELISA. Ultrasonography and coronary angiography were assessed 28 days after therapy. Western blot was used to detect the expression of @entity7 , phosphorylated @entity25449 (p-Akt) and phosphorylated extracellular signal regulated kinases (p- @entity3963 ). The degree of angiogenesis was assessed by immunohistochemical analysis. RESULTS: Serum @entity7 rose significantly in both control and treatment groups, peaking at 3 days and then returning to the near-baseline level at 28 days, but the two groups showed no significant difference at each time point (P > 0.05). Echocardiographic measurements showed that the left ventricular systolic function of animals in treatment group increase significantly after rhEPO therapy. the expression levels of @entity7 , p-Akt and p- @entity3963 had markedly increased, which resulted in a 2.5-fold increased of @entity7 , 1.1-fold increased of p-Akt, 1.5-fold increased of p- @entity3963 (t = 37.721, 10.907, 12.957, all P = 0.000). there were significant increase in capillary density and arteriole density in the two groups ((944    98) %/mm   vs. (569    102) %/mm  , (73    13) %/mm   vs. (45    10) %/mm  , t = 4.214, 2.869, P = 0.016, 0.023). CONCLUSIONS: rhEPO can promote angiogenesis and arteriogenesis and improve the left ventricular systolic function in porcine model of chronic @entity741 . The potential mechanism is to up-regulated the expression of p-Akt and p- @entity3963 .

title: [Effects of recombinant @entity1 XXXX on angiogenesis in chronic @entity63 porcine myocardium].

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity7 :: ('7422', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor', 'VEGF']

entities_list: @entity1307 :: ('2056', 'Gene') :: ['erythropoietin']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial ischemia']

answer: @entity1307 :: (2056,Gene) :: ['erythropoietin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A study was carried out at the Department of Ophthalmology Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad from April 1995 to April 2002 to study the visual acuity changes in @entity1 of @entity989 . METHODS: Thirty-six @entity1 with @entity989 were seen. Examination included assessment of Visual Acuity (VA), Slit Lamp examination, Fundoscopy, Fundus Photography and Fundus @entity941 Angiography where the VA was 6/60. The @entity1 were seen at weekly intervals then at monthly interval and later annually. RESULTS: Poor visual acuity was seen in all @entity1 , after images in 28 @entity1 , Erythopsia in 25 @entity1 and Central @entity1019 in 23 @entity1 . Eye involvement was unilateral in 27 cases and bilateral in 9 cases. Twenty-nine @entity1 were male and 7 @entity1 were female. The commonest age group was between 10-30 years. CONCLUSIONS: Complete recovery was seen in 26 @entity1 , 7 made partial recovery while in three @entity1 the visual acuity remained poor. Maximum recovery occurred between two weeks to six months. After six months, no changes in the visual acuity or macular lesion were noticed.

title: XXXX : follow up of 36 cases after April 1995 solar eclipse in Pakistan.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity941 :: ('MESH:D019793', 'Chemical') :: ['Fluorescein']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['solar eclipse retinopathy']

answer: @entity989 :: (MESH:D012164,Disease) :: ['Eclipse retinopathy']


abstract: The peak early diastolic filling velocity/flow propagation velocity (E/ @entity17249 ) by color M-mode Doppler provides a better estimate of pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) than transmitral or pulmonary venous flow. However, the value of E/ @entity17249 for the assessment of PCWP has not been evaluated in @entity1 with @entity583 . We investigated the correlation between E/ @entity17249 and PCWP and whether PCWP can be estimated from E/ @entity17249 in @entity1 with @entity583 . One hundred and two @entity1 with @entity583 were divided into two groups. The first 60 @entity1 were used to generate an equation to estimate PCWP (retrospective group). This equation was then assessed prospectively in the remaining 42 @entity1 (prospective group). We measured the transmitral flow velocity indices and the deceleration time of diastolic pulmonary venous flow and E/ @entity17249 by Doppler echocardiography and compared these variables with PCWP measured using a pulmonary artery catheter. E/ @entity17249 was strongly correlated with PCWP (r = 0.89) in the retrospective group. The sensitivity of an E/ @entity17249 of > or = 2.0 for predicting a PCWP of > or = 18 mmHg was 95%, and the specificity was 98%. The estimated PCWP showed a strong correlation with the measured PCWP (r = 0.84, P < 0.0001) in the prospective group. The mean difference between the measured and estimated PCWP was - 0.4 +/- 3.6 mmHg. In @entity1 with @entity583 , E/ @entity17249 by color M-mode Doppler during early left @entity67 provides a better estimate of PCWP than transmitral or pulmonary venous flow.

title: Noninvasive estimation of pulmonary capillary wedge pressure by color M-mode Doppler echocardiography in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['acute myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular filling']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['acute myocardial infarction']


abstract: @entity4645 -derived @entity2918 (PG) have been suggested to be important modulators of @entity3449 release and expression. However, the role of @entity4645 in various high- @entity3449 states is still being debated. In the present studies we explored the role of @entity4645 -derived PG on basal and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI)-stimulated plasma and renal @entity3449 concentrations (PRC and RRC, RIA), and mRNA expression (RmRNA, RNAse protection assay) in experimental @entity6 ( @entity3918 ). Groups of moderately @entity1602 (n = 5, approximately 350 mg/dl), @entity3839 - @entity6 @entity35 (D) after 3 weeks of @entity3918 were treated with a selective @entity4645 inhibitor, @entity62947 (MF, 5 mg/kg/day for 10 days in food), the combination of MF and the ACEI enalapril (3 mg/kg/day), @entity4688 alone, or vehicle (MF-free chow), for 10 days. Non- @entity6 control @entity35 , fed MF-free chow, were also studied. All groups of @entity6 @entity35 demonstrated similar glycemic control. Treatment with ACEI resulted in significant elevations in PRC, RRC and RmRNA as compared to non-ACEI treated groups of @entity6 and control @entity35 . A similar rise in these parameters was observed in the @entity35 treated with the combination of ACEI and MF. Furthermore, in @entity6 @entity35 treated with MF alone, PRC and RRC were similar to vehicle-treated animals. @entity6 @entity35 demonstrated higher urinary PG as compared to controls. MF-treated @entity35 demonstrated a significant reduction in urinary PG excretion. In summary, selective @entity4645 inhibition influenced neither basal @entity3449 status nor ACEI-induced @entity3449 release and expression in @entity6 @entity35 . These findings do not support a significant role for @entity4645 in mediating @entity3449 status in @entity6 .

title: Effects of @entity4645 ( @entity4645 ) inhibition on plasma and renal @entity3449 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity4688 :: ('MESH:D004656', 'Chemical') :: ['enalapril']

entities_list: @entity62947 :: ('MESH:C102563', 'Chemical') :: ['MF-tricyclic']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetic', 'diabetic', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity3839 :: ('MESH:D013311', 'Chemical') :: ['streptozotocin']

entities_list: @entity2918 :: ('MESH:D011453', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandins']

entities_list: @entity1602 :: ('MESH:D006944', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemic']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: It has been reported that vibrating electromechanical tactile stimulation on the torso overrides the vestibular sensation of rotation. The purpose of this study is to further examine the influence of tactile cues on real and apparent sensations of self-rotation and corresponding @entity346 during passive @entity717 . METHOD: There were 15 healthy subjects (12 @entity1 and 3 @entity1 , 31 to 49 yr) who were subjected to clockwise @entity717 at a constant velocity of 120 degrees. s(-1). A tactile vest using electromechanical tactors (8 columns x 3 rows) was activated either in the clockwise or counterclockwise direction in a randomized design. The sequential activation of the tactors around the body matched the velocity of chair rotation. Eye movements were monitored using infrared eye tracking. Since it is difficult to control for mental set (alertness and imagined target distance) during eye tracking, in addition to paying attention to the apparent sensation of self-motion, the sensation of rotation and the induced @entity346 were investigated separately. RESULTS: ANOVA failed to reveal any significant effect. Our results suggested that tactile cueing did not enhance or suppress the subjective sensation of rotation during actual rotation, nor did it enhance or suppress the false sensation of rotation experienced. Also, tactile cueing had no effect on the gain and time constant of the induced per-rotation and post-rotation nystagmus with repeated exposures. CONCLUSION: It appears that tactile cueing delivered by a tactile garment provides a sense of direction, but it does not affect any concomitant vestibular responses.

title: Tactile cueing vs. vestibular sensation and nystagmus during XXXX .

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['yaw rotation']

entities_list: @entity346 :: ('MESH:D009759', 'Disease') :: ['vestibular nystagmus']

answer: @entity717 :: (MESH:D009069,Disease) :: ['yaw rotation']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Recent epidemiologic studies have provided evidence for an association between @entity1790 and @entity65 , although the underlying mechanism is still unclear. @entity729 ( @entity729 ) is a strong predictor of @entity65 and the hypothesis explored in this study is that @entity729 is more prevalent in @entity460 @entity1290 formers (KSFs). The aims of this study were to determine (1) whether recurrent @entity460 KSFs have more @entity729 and @entity170 compared with controls and (2) whether @entity5200 is related to @entity729 in KSFs. DESIGN, SETTING, @entity1 , _ MEASUREMENTS: This is a retrospective, matched case-control study that included KSFs attending an outpatient nephrology clinic of the Royal Free Hospital (London, UK) from 2011 to 2014. Age- and sex-matched non-stone formers were drawn from a list of potential living kidney donors from the same hospital. A total of 111 @entity1 were investigated, of which 57 were KSFs and 54 were healthy controls. @entity730 ( @entity730 ) and vertebral @entity79 ( @entity79 ) were assessed using available computed tomography (CT) imaging. The prevalence, severity, and associations of @entity730 and CT @entity79 between KSFs and non-stone formers were compared. RESULTS: Mean age was 47  14 years in KSFs and 47  13 in non-stone formers. @entity1 represented 56% and 57% of KSFs and non-stone formers, respectively. The prevalence of @entity730 was similar in both groups (38% in KSFs versus 35% in controls, P=0.69). However, the @entity730 severity score (median [25th percentile, 75th percentile]) was significantly higher in KSFs compared with the control group (0 [0, 43] versus 0 [0, 10], P<0.001). In addition, the average CT @entity79 was significantly lower in KSFs (159  53 versus 194   48 Hounsfield units, P<0.001). A multivariate model adjusted for age, sex, high BP, @entity6 , smoking status, and @entity470 confirmed that KSFs have higher @entity730 scores and lower CT @entity79 compared with non-stone formers (P<0.001 for both). Among stone formers, the association between @entity730 score and @entity5200 was not statistically significant (P=0.86). CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that @entity1 with @entity460 @entity1290 suffer from significantly higher degrees of aortic @entity730 than age- and sex-matched non-stone formers, suggesting that @entity729 may be an underlying mechanism explaining reported associations between @entity1790 and @entity65 . Moreover, @entity79 is more prominent in KSFs. However, more data are needed to confirm the possibility of potentially common underlying mechanisms leading to extraosseous @entity460 deposition and @entity170 in KSFs.

title: XXXX and @entity79 in recurrent @entity1290 formers.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PARTICIPANTS', 'patients', 'Men']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['AAC', 'calcification', 'Abdominal aortic calcification']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone mineral density', 'bone demineralization', 'BMD']

entities_list: @entity1290 :: ('MESH:D007669', 'Disease') :: ['kidney stones', 'kidney stone']

entities_list: @entity1790 :: ('MESH:D053040', 'Disease') :: ['nephrolithiasis']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity729 :: ('MESH:D061205', 'Disease') :: ['Vascular calcification', 'VC']

entities_list: @entity5200 :: ('MESH:D053565', 'Disease') :: ['hypercalciuria']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease', 'cardiovascular morbidity']

answer: @entity729 :: (MESH:D061205,Disease) :: ['Vascular calcification']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Bioprosthetic options are increasingly used for surgical @entity886 ( @entity886 ). However, current decision making regarding bioprosthetic valve choice is not data-driven given incomplete information on comparative long-term outcomes after stented @entity291 pericardial (BoAVR) vs porcine (PoAVR) @entity886 . As such, this study sought to examine the effect of bioprosthetic valve choice on long-term survival and reoperation after @entity886 . METHODS: A retrospective analysis of all stented bioprosthetic AVRs, with or without coronary artery bypass grafting procedures, at a single tertiary referral institution from 1980 to 2013 was conducted using a prospectively maintained database. Procedures were classified as BoAVR or PoAVR. The effect of valve type on long-term survival was assessed with Kaplan-Meier analysis and a Cox proportional hazard model. Subanalyses stratifying by valve size and @entity1 age at the time of @entity886 assessing mortality and reoperation were also conducted. RESULTS: We identified 2,010 stented bioprosthetic @entity886 @entity1 , comprising 1,411 BoAVRs (70.2%) and 599 PoAVRs (29.8%), 868 (43.2%) of whom underwent concomitant coronary artery bypass grafting. Kaplan-Meier analysis (p  = 0.12) and Cox models (hazard ratio BoAVR vs PoAVR, 1.08; p  = 0.40) demonstrated no difference in long-term survival or need for reoperation after BoAVR vs PoAVR. Subanalyses of valve size and @entity1 age also failed to show any association between valve choice and long-term survival or need for reoperation. CONCLUSIONS: For @entity1 undergoing @entity886 with a stented bioprosthetic valve, with or without coronary artery bypass grafting, the choice of a porcine vs @entity291 pericardial bioprosthesis does not appear to affect long-term survival or need for reoperation, regardless of valve size or @entity1 age. As such, stented bioprosthetic valves would appear to be fungible, and therefore, valve choice should be driven by local market factors similar to other commodities.

title: Long-Term Survival After XXXX Pericardial Versus Porcine Stented Bioprosthetic Aortic Valve Replacement: Does Valve Choice Matter?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity886 :: ('MESH:C563178', 'Disease') :: ['AVR', 'aortic valve replacement']

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['Bovine']


abstract: Sophorae Radix, the dried roots of Sophora flavescens AITON (Leguminosae), has been used in Oriental traditional medicine for treatment of @entity4537 , sores, @entity360 , @entity294 , @entity32 and @entity943 . In the present study, we examine the effect of the aqueous extract of Sophorae Radix (AESR) on cell proliferation and cell cycle regulation in @entity1 oral mucosal fibroblasts (HOMFs). To study the molecular mechanisms of cell cycle regulation by AESR, we also measured the intracellular levels of cell cycle regulatory proteins such as cyclin D, @entity8985 , @entity14107 , cyclin E, @entity15308 , @entity876 , p21WAF1/ @entity994 and @entity986 . Cell proliferation was increased in the presence of 10 approximately 500 microg/ml of AESR. Maximal growth stimulation was observed in those cells exposed to 100 microg/ml of AESR. Exposure of HOMFs to 100 microg/ml of AESR resulted in an increase of cell cycle progression. The levels of cyclin E and @entity15308 were increased in HOMFs after 100 microg/ml of AESR treatment, but the levels of cyclin D, @entity8985 , and @entity14107 were unchanged. After exposure to 100 microg/ml of AESR, the protein levels of @entity986 and @entity876 were decreased as compared to that of the control group, but the level of p21WAF1/ @entity994 was similar in the cells treated with 100 microg/ml of AESR and untreated cells. The results suggest that AESR may increase cell proliferation and cell cycle progression in HOMFs, which is linked to increased cellular levels of cyclin E and @entity15308 and decreased cellular levels of @entity876 and @entity986 . Further studies are necessary to clarify the active constituents of AESR responsible for such biomolecular activities.

title: Effects of aqueous extract of Sophora flavescens on the expression of cell cycle regulatory proteins in XXXX oral mucosal fibroblasts.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity8985 :: ('1019', 'Gene') :: ['cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK)-4', 'CDK-4']

entities_list: @entity4537 :: ('MESH:D012883', 'Disease') :: ['skin and mucosal ulcers']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmia']

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal hemorrhage']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: @entity328 is the primary pathogen causing community acquired @entity55 in @entity1 . Despite medical progress, the prevalence of @entity2258 became increased without apparent explanations. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and mass spectrometry (MS) were used to compare the plasma protein profiles from @entity1 with different severities of @entity2258 . Plasma samples from 14 cases, 7 with complicated and the other 7 with uncomplicated @entity55 , were analyzed. @entity55 was defined by the presence of pleural fluid parameters consistent with @entity3509 , and/or a computed tomography compatible with necrotizing @entity55 . The normal control group included 7 age-matched volunteers. By comparing the plasma proteins of @entity1 with different severities, 4 proteins with significant differences were identified. The up-regulated proteins were @entity2104 and immunoglobulin kappa chain. The down-regulated were @entity1675 ( @entity1675 ) and transthyretin. All these proteins are known to take part in the @entity32 reaction, which implicates the active innate immune responses in severe infections of @entity2260 . In addition, the up-regulated @entity2104 , which protects lung tissues against oxidative damage by the clearance of hemoglobin, can also act as an inflammatory inhibitor. Thus, our data seem to indicate that @entity32 balance may take place in the occurrence of @entity2258 .

title: Comparative proteomic studies of plasma from @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonitis', 'pneumonia', 'Complicated pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity1675 :: ('335', 'Gene') :: ['apolipoprotein A-I', 'Apo-AI']

entities_list: @entity2258 :: ('MESH:D011018', 'Disease') :: ['pneumococcal pneumonia', 'complicated pneumococcal pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity328 :: ('1313', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus pneumoniae']

answer: @entity2258 :: (MESH:D011018,Disease) :: ['pneumococcal pneumonia']


abstract: In vivo, bone marrow-derived multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) have been identified at sites of @entity5 , suggesting that specific signals mobilize and activate MSC to migrate to areas surrounding @entity5 . The signals and migratory mechanisms that guide MSC are not well understood. Here, we investigated the migration of @entity1 MSC induced by conditioned medium of @entity5959 @entity157 cells ( @entity5959 CM). Using a transwell migration system, we showed that @entity1 MSC migration was increased in the presence of @entity5959 CM. Using a human cytokine antibody array, we detected increased levels of @entity47144   and @entity16365 in @entity5959 CM. Recombinant chemokines @entity47144   and @entity16365 induced MSC migration. Anti- @entity47144   and anti- @entity16365 antibodies added to @entity5959 CM decreased MSC migration, further suggesting that @entity47144   and @entity16365 were implicated in the @entity5959 CM-induced MSC migration. By real-time polymerase chain reaction, we observed an absence of chemokine receptors @entity9172 and @entity7416 and low expression of @entity16951 , @entity5075 , and @entity14284 in MSC. Expression of these chemokine receptors was not regulated by @entity5959 CM. Furthermore, @entity3334 ( @entity3334 ) expression was strongly increased in MSC after incubation with @entity5959 CM, suggesting that MSC migration depends on @entity3334 activity. The signaling pathway MAPK/ERK was activated by @entity5959 CM but its inhibition by @entity4286 did not impair @entity5959 CM-induced MSC migration. Further, long-term incubation of MSC with @entity47144   increased a-smooth muscle actin expression, suggesting its implication in the @entity5959 CM-induced evolvement of MSC into myofibroblasts. In conclusion, we report that two inflammatory cytokines, @entity47144   and @entity16365 , are able to increase MSC migration in vitro. These cytokines might be responsible for migration and evolvement of MSC into myofibroblasts around @entity5 .

title: Inflammatory Chemokines @entity47144   and XXXX Are Involved in the Migration of Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Induced by @entity157 Cells.

entities_list: @entity3334 :: ('4312', 'Gene') :: ['MMP-1', 'matrix metalloproteinase 1']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['hepatoma']

answer: @entity16365 :: (6364,Gene) :: ['MIP-3a']


abstract: The aims of this study were to evaluate the effects of a @entity3652 / @entity1875 anaesthetic protocol in lions (Panthera leo), and to compare it to two commonly used anaesthetic protocols. Seventeen adult lions were anaesthetised using three different protocols. Group XK (n=6) was anaesthetised with intramuscular (i.m.) injections of @entity4763 and @entity3652 . Group @entity573 (n=5) was anaesthetised with an i.m. injection of @entity3652 , followed by an intravenous (i.v.) injection of @entity3652 and @entity3175 . Group KP (n=6) was anaesthetised with an i.m. injection of @entity3652 followed by an i.v. injection of @entity1875 . There was a significant difference in heart rate (P<0.0002), which was lowest in group XK and highest in @entity573 . Jaw tone was significantly lower in Group XK (P<0.05). No undesirable effects were noted following injection of the @entity1875 . @entity1875 was a suitable and safe drug for maintenance of anaesthesia in adult lions.

title: Effects of XXXX as an anaesthetic agent in adult lions (Panthera leo): a comparison with two established protocols.

entities_list: @entity3175 :: ('MESH:D003975', 'Chemical') :: ['diazepam']

entities_list: @entity3652 :: ('MESH:D007649', 'Chemical') :: ['ketamine']

entities_list: @entity4763 :: ('MESH:D014991', 'Chemical') :: ['xylazine']

entities_list: @entity1875 :: ('MESH:D015742', 'Chemical') :: ['propofol', 'Propofol']

answer: @entity1875 :: (MESH:D015742,Chemical) :: ['propofol']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: In recent years, new treatment options for @entity320 @entity1 have enhanced the overall survival for selected @entity1 . Despite new hope, most @entity320 @entity1 still relapse with @entity5 or experience intrinsic resistance to the therapy. Therefore, novel treatment modalities beneficial for subgroups of @entity1 are needed. TRAIL receptor agonists have been suggested as promising candidates for use in @entity5 treatment as they preferentially induce apoptosis in @entity5 cells. Unfortunately, the first generation of TRAIL receptor agonists showed poor clinical efficacy. hvTRA is a second-generation TRAIL receptor agonist with improved composition giving increased potency, and in the present study, we showed hvTRA-induced activation of apoptosis leading to an efficient and sustained reduction in @entity320 cell growth in cell lines and xenograft models. Furthermore, the potential of hvTRA in a clinical setting was demonstrated by showing efficacy on @entity5 cells harvested from @entity320 @entity1 with lymph node @entity3 in an ex vivo drug sensitivity assay. Inhibition of mutated @entity817 has been shown to regulate proteins in the intrinsic apoptotic pathway, making the cells more susceptible for apoptosis induction. In an attempt to increase the efficacy of hvTRA, combination treatment with the mutated @entity817 inhibitor @entity5457 was investigated. A synergistic effect by the combination was observed for several cell lines in vitro, and an initial cytotoxic effect was observed in vivo. Unfortunately, the initial increased reduction in @entity5 growth compared with hvTRA mono treatment was not sustained, and this was related to downregulation of the @entity3049 level by @entity5457 . Altogether, the presented data imply that hvTRA efficiently induce apoptosis and growth delay in @entity320 models and @entity1 material, and the potential of this TRAIL receptor agonist should be further evaluated for treatment of subgroups of @entity320 @entity1 .

title: hvTRA, a novel TRAIL receptor agonist, induces apoptosis and sustained growth retardation in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'drug-resistant tumors']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma', 'malignant melanoma']

entities_list: @entity5457 :: ('MESH:C551177', 'Chemical') :: ['vemurafenib']

answer: @entity320 :: (MESH:D008545,Disease) :: ['melanoma']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity455 produced as a consequence of surgical spinal treatment are rare, but serious. Fast diagnosis and treatment are essential in lesions that produce massive @entity190 . Following the use of non covered stents in the treatment of peripheral vascular stenotic obstructive pathologies, the appearance of covered stents allowed @entity439 , @entity439 , @entity292 or bleedings to be treated. Being able to graft a stent in serious @entity1 , during diagnosis itself, with a minimum amount of @entity146 and local anaesthesia affords this technique huge advantages over others. CASE REPORT: In this work we report the case of an @entity397 which came about as a complication of a discectomy. After the surgical intervention, there was an important haematocrit reduction within a short space of time. The @entity1 s quickly becoming anaemic and the existence of a retroperitoneal mass of heterogeneous echogenicity pointed towards a @entity86 . This was confirmed by arteriography, which revealed an important contrast extravasation. A covered stent was placed at the same time and, in the post graft follow up, it was confirmed that there was no bleeding. At 12 hours after the operation the @entity1 was moved from the postoperative recovery unit to a hospital ward and, 5 days later, was discharged. In a check up carried out in the Neurosurgery unit 2 months after being sent home, the @entity1 was found to be asymptomatic. CONCLUSION: The placement of covered stents is a valid therapeutic option for treating postoperative @entity548 . It can be performed at the same time as diagnosis and does not require general anaesthesia. In the case we have described, the @entity1 recovered quickly and ambulatory check ups showed he continued to be asymptomatic

title: [Percutaneous placement of covered stents for treatment of post discectomy XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['Vascular lesions']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['haemorrhagic lesions']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggression']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity292 :: ('MESH:D005402', 'Disease') :: ['fistulas']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms', 'pseudo aneurysms']

entities_list: @entity397 :: ('MESH:D012421', 'Disease') :: ['arterial rupture']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative haemorrhage']

answer: @entity397 :: (MESH:D012421,Disease) :: ['arterial rupture']


abstract: Combination therapy with angiotensin II receptor blockers and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) requires further evaluation in @entity1 with @entity2316 and @entity101 . In a post hoc analysis of the Olmesartan Reducing Incidence of Endstage @entity8 in @entity2316 Trial with @entity101 , we examined the effects of olmesartan on renal and cardiovascular outcomes in the presence or absence of an ACEI. Among 563 @entity1 randomized to receive either olmesartan (n = 280) or placebo (n = 283), 73.5% (n = 414) received a concomitant ACEI. Compared with placebo, olmesartan significantly reduced @entity644 in both the ACEI-treated and non-ACEI-treated groups. The respective changes in the urinary protein creatinine ratio in the olmesartan-treated and placebo-treated groups were -32.6% and +21.1% without an ACEI (P = 0.001) and -17.0% and +2.2% with an ACEI (P = 0.028). In the olmesartan group, 115 @entity1 developed primary renal outcomes (41.1%) compared with 129 (45.6%) in the placebo group (hazard ratio (HR): 0.97, P = 0.787). The respective HRs in the ACEI-treated and non-ACEI-treated groups were 1.02 (P = 0.891) and 0.84 (P = 0.450). 40 olmesartan-treated @entity1 (14.3%) and 53 placebo-treated @entity1 (18.7%) developed secondary cardiovascular outcomes (HR: 0.65, P = 0.042). The respective HRs in the ACEI-treated and non-ACEI-treated groups were 0.69 (P = 0.129) and 0.51 (P = 0.129). Olmesartan was well tolerated. Dual blockade treatment caused more @entity4144 than monotherapy. In @entity1 with @entity2316 and @entity101 , olmesartan significantly reduced @entity644 , independent of ACEI treatment and cardiovascular outcome but failed to show additional renal benefit compared with ACEI treatment alone. The cardiovascular benefit of dual treatment requires further evaluation.

title: Effects of dual blockade of the renin-angiotensin system on renal and cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes with overt @entity8 and @entity101 in the ORIENT: a post-hoc analysis (ORIENT- XXXX ).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal disease']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity2316 :: ('MESH:D003928', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic nephropathy', 'diabetic Nephropathy']

entities_list: @entity4144 :: ('MESH:D006947', 'Disease') :: ['hyperkalemia']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['Hypertension']


abstract: PURPOSE: To characterize the clinical features in @entity1 with presumed @entity24181 ( @entity378 ) and determine prognostic factors of visual outcomes and complications in this disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective case series of 35 @entity1 (29 females, 6 males) with presumed @entity24181 from referral centers in Chile and Spain between 2002 and 2012. Medical records were reviewed, and data regarding clinical features, complications, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), duration of disease, extraocular manifestations, and therapy were retrieved. Prognostic factors for @entity4064 (BCVA 20/50 or less), @entity1939 (BCVA 20/200 or less), and complications ( @entity231 , @entity726 , and @entity75 ) were evaluated. To calculate correlations, we used Spearman's rank correlation test. To determine clinical predictors, we used the binary logistic regression test. RESULTS: Anterior and non-granulomatous @entity1596 was the most common types of @entity32 . Only 2 (5.7%) @entity1 had respiratory symptoms, and 6 (17.1%) @entity1 had an abnormal chest X- @entity16039 at diagnosis. All @entity1 received combined antitubercular therapy with a mean duration of 6.9    2.3 months. A longer duration of symptoms at diagnosis was associated with both @entity4064 and @entity1939 . Older @entity1 had a higher risk of @entity1939 . A longer duration of symptoms as well as anterior @entity32 demonstrated an increased risk for @entity231 formation. The duration of the symptoms and baseline BCVA had a positive correlation with the final BCVA. Prognostic factors of macular lesions were not found. CONCLUSIONS: The diagnosis of @entity24181 can be difficult due to the lack of extraocular manifestations and the broad spectrum of ocular features. A longer duration of symptoms at diagnosis was associated with poorer visual outcomes and @entity231 . Therefore, efforts should be made to avoid a delay in the diagnosis of @entity24181 and to identify prognostic factors for visual outcomes and complications.

title: Clinical Features and Prognostic Factors in Presumed XXXX .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataracts', 'cataract']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['macular lesion']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity1939 :: ('MESH:D001766', 'Disease') :: ['legal blindness']

entities_list: @entity24181 :: ('MESH:D014392', 'Disease') :: ['ocular TB', 'ocular tuberculosis']

entities_list: @entity4064 :: ('MESH:D015354', 'Disease') :: ['low vision']

answer: @entity24181 :: (MESH:D014392,Disease) :: ['Ocular Tuberculosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To develop a methylation-specific multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MS-MLPA) assay for the detection of non-muscle invasive @entity150 (NMIBC) recurrences in voided urine. @entity1 AND METHODS: Genes frequently methylated in NMIBC @entity5 (n= 37) were selected to develop a BC-specific MS-MLPA assay. Genes methylated in blood from @entity1 with BC (n= 29) and genes methylated in urine from @entity1 with no history of BC (n= 46) were excluded. A four-gene panel with the highest predictive value was selected from the initial assay. This four-gene panel was tested and validated on urine from @entity1 with a histologically confirmed recurrence (n= 68 test set; n= 49 validation set) and urine samples from @entity1 without BC (n= 91, test set) and urine from recurrence-free BC (rec-free BC) @entity1 (n= 60, validation set). A model was developed to predict the probability of having a recurrence based on methylation of the four-gene panel and a threshold probability with the highest sensitivity and specificity was determined. The outcome of the model was validated on BC urine samples (n= 65) and on urine samples from rec-free BC @entity1 (n= 29). RESULTS: The BC MS-MLPA assay consisted of 23 methylation probes. The selected four-gene panel included: APC_a, TERT_a, TERT_b, and @entity1627 . This panel reached an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.82 (test set) and AUC 0.69 (validation set). Sensitivity and specificity for the detection of a concomitant @entity5 were 63.3% and 58.3% respectively (test set) and 72.3% and 55.2%, respectively (validation set). CONCLUSIONS: We have developed a methylation detection assay specifically for the detection of recurrences in @entity1 with NMIBC in voided urine. The findings are promising and improvement of this test could eventually contribute to a more individualized @entity1 friendly surveillance.

title: A methylation assay for the detection of non-muscle-invasive XXXX (NMIBC) recurrences in voided urine.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours', 'tumour']

answer: @entity150 :: (MESH:D001749,Disease) :: ['bladder cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is effective in reducing the frequency and intensity of @entity1118 in adolescents. However, CBT seems not to be considered acceptable by all adolescents. The main aim of our study was therefore to evaluate the effects of guided Internet-delivered self-help for adolescents with @entity1118 . Adolescents (N  =  69) were assessed on the outcome measures of @entity158 , coping, disability, catastrophizing, rewarding of @entity158 behavior by parents, and quality of life. Measures were taken 7 weeks before treatment and at pretreatment, posttreatment, and 3-month follow-up. Multilevel modeling was used for longitudinal analysis of the data. @entity158 intensity, interference caused by @entity158 , rewarding of @entity158 behavior by parents, and sleep problems significantly decreased during the intervention. The quality-of-life scores for @entity158 , general behavior, mental health, family activities, and health changes also significantly improved during the intervention. With regard to coping, only problem-focused avoidance behavior significantly increased. No significant differences were found for @entity158 and @entity158 catastrophizing. Contrary to expectations, guided Internet-delivered self-help for @entity1118 is difficult to use in adolescents, resulting in @entity6661 and loss to follow-up. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Dutch Trial Register NTR1926. PERSPECTIVE: The results of this trial suggest that Internet-based self-management is effective in decreasing @entity158 intensity in adolescents with @entity1118 . Because the intervention is grounded in CBT, we expect the underlying mechanism to be a change in self-management skills and in the ability of challenging dysfunctional thoughts.

title: Effects of a Guided Internet-Delivered Self-Help Intervention for Adolescents With XXXX .

entities_list: @entity6661 :: ('MESH:D019217', 'Disease') :: ['treatment attrition']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain-related disability', 'Pain', 'pain']

answer: @entity1118 :: (MESH:D059350,Disease) :: ['Chronic Pain']


abstract: Secreted peptide ligands are known to play key roles in the regulation of plant growth, development, and environmental responses. However, phenotypes for surprisingly few such genes have been identified via loss-of-function mutant screens. To begin to understand the processes regulated by the @entity30457 ( @entity30457 )/ @entity64300 ( @entity30130 ) ligand gene family, we took a systems approach to gene identification and gain-of-function phenotype screens in transgenic plants. We identified four new @entity30130 family members in the @entity958 ( @entity958 ) genome sequence and determined their relative transcript levels in various organs. Overexpression of @entity30457 and the 17 @entity30130 genes we tested resulted in premature mortality and/or developmental timing delays in transgenic @entity958 plants. Overexpression of 10 @entity30130 genes and the @entity30457 positive control resulted in arrest of growth from the shoot apical meristem (SAM). Overexpression of nearly all the @entity30130 genes and @entity30457 resulted in either inhibition or stimulation of root growth. @entity64301 expression reversed the SAM proliferation phenotype of a @entity30457 mutant to one of @entity1167 . Dwarf plants resulted from overexpression of five @entity30130 genes. Overexpression of new family members @entity64302 and @entity64303 resulted in distinctive shrub-like dwarf plants lacking apical dominance. Our results indicate the capacity for functional redundancy of many of the @entity30130 ligands. Additionally, overexpression phenotypes of various @entity30130 family members suggest roles in organ size regulation, apical dominance, and root growth. Similarities among overexpression phenotypes of many @entity30130 genes correlate with similarities in their @entity30130 domain sequences, suggesting that the @entity30130 domain is responsible for interaction with cognate receptors.

title: Gain-of-function phenotypes of many XXXX / @entity64300 genes, including four new family members, correlate with tandem variations in the conserved @entity30457 / @entity64300 domain.

entities_list: @entity958 :: ('3702', 'Species') :: ['Arabidopsis thaliana', 'Arabidopsis']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['SAM arrest']

answer: @entity30457 :: (817267(Tax:3702),Gene) :: ['CLAVATA3']


abstract: Detection of cardiovascular risk factors remains a challenging problem. The inflammatory mechanisms behind @entity731 imply active involvement of neutrophils and realization of lipid-releasing ability of leukocytes (LRAL) mediated through the synthesis of proatherogenic proteins with the formation of protein-lipid complexes accumulated around @entity731 . Studies of compromised protein-synthesizing function and mechanisms regulating LRAL are currently underway. The aim of the present work was to investigate serum markers of @entity32 and LRAL in @entity101 ( @entity101 ) without @entity301 ( @entity301 ) or @entity101 + angina of effort. One group comprised 20 @entity1 with @entity101 without @entity301 the other included 20 @entity1 with @entity101 and @entity301 . Control group consisted of 18 healthy subjects. LRAL was measured in vitro in addition to serum @entity650 , @entity687 , @entity1851 , and @entity310 . Effect of @entity310 on LRAL was evaluated in vitro in @entity301 @entity1 . It was shown that mean LRAL in healthy subjects and @entity1 with @entity101 without @entity301 were not significantly different whereas @entity687 and @entity1851 levels were markedly elevated in @entity101 @entity1 . @entity1 with @entity101 and @entity301 had maximum LRAL and @entity650 , @entity687 , @entity1851 , @entity310 levels. The study showed the possibility of increase in LRAL under effect of proinflammatory cytokines. LRFAL and inflammatory mechanisms contribute to the development of @entity301 and can be used for diagnostics of @entity301 in @entity101 @entity1 .

title: [Serum markers of @entity32 and lipid-releasing ability of leukocytes in XXXX with @entity101 and angina of effort].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['arterial hypertension', 'AH']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['CHD', 'coronary heart disease']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis', 'atherosclerotic lesions']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: a 17-year-old gravida 1, para 0, single white @entity1 who had undergone criminal abortion, presented at the hospital with high fever and red urine. Her vital signs were monitored and laboratory tests were performed. A total abdominal hysterectomy and salpingo-oophorectomy were performed because of gangrenous uterus and ovaries. The @entity1 developed @entity260 and blood transfusion was performed. The criminal abortion was induced using some type of liquid (eg., Lysol) that was injected into the uterus transvaginally. The use of Lysol, soap and detergents in criminal abortion produces an area of tissue @entity39 . The compounds are also absorbed into the bloodstream. The @entity39 tissue is susceptible to @entity281 , while the part which is absorbed into the bloodstream is nephrotoxic, hepatotoxic and produces @entity2142 . Common complications of @entity5852 are pelvic abscesses; metastatic abscesses; @entity116 ; @entity177 ; cortical @entity39 ; and @entity4295 . Coagulation abnormalities, as well as the psychological, economic and legal aspects of @entity5852 are also discussed. It is hoped that all physicians would actively support legislation which would liberalize abortion laws.

title: Medical grand rounds at Yale-New Haven Hospital. XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['girl', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5852 :: ('MESH:D000031', 'Disease') :: ['septic abortion']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrotic', 'necrosis']

entities_list: @entity4295 :: ('MESH:D007683', 'Disease') :: ['acute tubular necrosis']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity2142 :: ('MESH:D006461', 'Disease') :: ['hemolysis']

answer: @entity5852 :: (MESH:D000031,Disease) :: ['Septic abortion']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the nutritional values and antioxidant analysis of 22 varieties of @entity2484 ( @entity2484 ) fruit collected from various regions of the Sultanate of Oman. METHODS: Nutritional parameters including moisture, fats, fiber, proteins, @entity3363 , and energy value were determined using standard methods of Association of Official Analytical Chemists. The antioxidant activity was screened for their free radical scavenging properties using @entity620 as a standard antioxidant. Free radical scavenging activity was evaluated using @entity15792 free radical. RESULTS: The results of the date fruits (dried/tamar stage) revealed significantly higher moisture (15%-21%), dry matter (78%-86%), ash content (1.0%-2.0%), fiber (1.0%-2.5%), fat (0.1%-0.7%), protein (1.8%-3.8%), @entity1568 (0.25%-0.55%), @entity3363 (74.5%-82.4%), and energy values (307-345.5 kcal/100 g). The antioxidant activity ranged between 40% and 86% depending upon the type of date and location. Overall, Khalas, Fardh and Khasab have significantly higher nutritional attributes; however, other varieties such as Barshi, Qush LuLu, Handal, and Khunaizi also have comparable nutritional values. The cluster analysis further evidenced the correlation of proximate parameters in different locations. Moreover, the nutritional and antioxidant attributes of similar date varieties collected from different locations were slightly varied. CONCLUSIONS: The present finding helps in understanding the nutritional significance of different date varieties in Oman while the lesser known varieties can be improved through sustainable horticultural practices as a valuable product. The study further reveals that the consumption of these dates' fruits would exert several beneficial effects by virtue of their antioxidant activity.

title: Nutritional assessment and antioxidant analysis of 22 XXXX ( @entity2484 ) varieties growing in Sultanate of Oman.

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen']

entities_list: @entity620 :: ('MESH:D001205', 'Chemical') :: ['ascorbic acid']

entities_list: @entity15792 :: ('MESH:C004931', 'Chemical') :: ['1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl']

entities_list: @entity2484 :: ('42345', 'Species') :: ['Phoenix dactylifera', 'date palm']

entities_list: @entity3363 :: ('MESH:D002241', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrates']

answer: @entity2484 :: (42345,Species) :: ['date palm']


abstract: AIM: We aimed to evaluate the usefulness of left atrial (LA) mechanics and @entity1002 (GLS) for risk stratification in severe @entity472 ( @entity472 ). METHODS: From a cohort of 89 prospective asymptomatic @entity1 with severe @entity472 and normal LV ejection fraction, 82 (32 @entity1 , mean age 73  10 years) truly asymptomatic @entity1 , scheduled after a negative exercise echocardiogram, were enrolled. Forty age- and gender-matched prospective, asymptomatic subjects served as controls. Predefined end points were the occurrence of symptoms ( @entity1353 , @entity951 , @entity1163 ), and @entity204 during follow-up. RESULTS: At study entry, @entity1 had: impaired LV GLS (p=0.001), reduced LA reservoir (p<0.001), high LA stiffness (p<0.001), and increased valvulo-arterial impedance (p<0.001) compared to controls. During follow-up [16  14.9 months (ranging from 1 month to 4.2 years)], 53 @entity1 (64.6%) reached one of the endpoints. @entity1 with events showed lower LV GLS (p>0.001), lower LA reservoir (p<0.001), and greater LA stiffness (p<0.001) than those asymptomatic. On univariate Cox regression analysis, LV GLS (p<0.001), LA reservoir (p<0.001), and LA stiffness (p=0.004) were strong predictors of adverse events. Kaplan-Meier curves showed that event-free survival was significantly higher in @entity1 with a LV GLS >= 16.8% [p<0.001; area under the curve (AUC)=0.922; sensitivity=86%, specificity=80%], a LA reservoir >= 19.8% (p=0.001; AUC=0.860, sensitivity=71%, specificity=84%), and a LA stiffness <0.78 (p<0.001; AUC 0.819, sensitivity 70%, specificity 89%). On multivariate analysis, only LV GLS remained significantly associated with @entity1 ' prognosis (hazard ratio=1.49, 95% CI=1.11-2.01, p=0.008). CONCLUSIONS: In asymptomatic @entity1 with severe @entity472 , an efficient cardiovascular system is based on an effective atrial-ventricular interplay. LA function assessment is useful for early identification of risk in these @entity1 . LV GLS however was confirmed to be the best predictor of @entity1 ' outcome.

title: Usefulness of atrial function for risk stratification in asymptomatic severe XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity472 :: ('MESH:D001024', 'Disease') :: ['AS', 'aortic stenosis']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['stiffness over global left ventricular (LV) longitudinal strain']

answer: @entity472 :: (MESH:D001024,Disease) :: ['aortic stenosis']


abstract: The ventricular rate and percent of pre-excited QRS complexes during @entity955 were compared in two groups of @entity1 with the @entity3153 . Group A consisted of 22 @entity1 whose anterograde effective refractory period of the accessory pathway was longer than that of the atrioventricular (AV) node. Group B consisted of 23 @entity1 in whom this relation was reversed. No @entity1 had @entity299 . Both groups had a similar effective refractory period of the accessory pathway (288 +/- 37 vs. 280 +/- 26 ms), whereas that of the AV node was shorter in group A than group B (242 +/- 25 vs. 285 +/- 27 ms, p = 0.0001). @entity1 in group A had a lower percent of pre-excited QRS complexes during @entity955 (39 +/- 43% vs. 93 +/- 20%, p = 0.0001). In the 21 @entity1 whose refractory period was measured, the difference was plotted against the percent of pre-excited QRS complexes; there was a significant correlation between the two (r = -0.83, p less than 0.001). In @entity1 in whom pre-excited RR intervals were present, the pre-excited RR intervals were compared between the two groups. Both groups had similar effective refractory periods of the accessory pathway (265 +/- 22 vs. 280 +/- 27 ms) and ventricle (200 +/- 17 vs. 211 +/- 26 ms). The effective refractory period of the AV node was shorter in group A (248 +/- 22 vs. 285 +/- 28 ms, p = 0.0005). The shortest pre-excited RR interval did not show any difference (244 +/- 37 vs. 265 +/- 41 ms). However, both the average (328 +/- 39 vs. 397 +/- 56 ms, p = 0.001) and longest (495 +/- 109 vs. 666 +/- 205 ms, p = 0.02) pre-excited RR intervals were shorter in group A.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Pre-excited RR intervals during XXXX in the @entity3153 : influence of the atrioventricular node refractory period.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3153 :: ('MESH:D014927', 'Disease') :: ['Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['organic heart disease']

answer: @entity955 :: (MESH:D001281,Disease) :: ['atrial fibrillation']