abstract: Both animal and @entity1 studies have demonstrated that exposure to chemical pollutants during critical developmental period causes adverse consequences later in life. In uterus, @entity14911 ( @entity14912 ) exposure has been known to cause developmental @entity2359 , such as increased motor activity, reduced @entity1775 and @entity73 . The possible mechanism of the @entity73 induced by prenatal @entity14912 exposure was evaluated in this study. Pregnant Sprague Dawley (SD) @entity35 were given 0.1, 0.6, and 2.0 mg kg(-1) birth weight (bw) d(-1) by gavage from gestation day (GD) 0 to GD20. Control received 0.5% @entity9266 vehicle (4 ml kg(-1) bw d(-1)). @entity14912 concentration in hippocampus of offspring was observed on postnatal day (PND) 0 and PND21. The ultrastructure of hippocampus and the gene expression of synaptic vesicle associated proteins in offspring hippocampus, which were important for the neurotransmitter release, were investigated. The transmission electron photomicrographs of the offspring hippocampus from @entity14912 -treated maternal groups showed the ultrastructure of synapses was negatively affected. The offspring from @entity14912 -treated maternal groups also differed significantly from controls with respect to the expression of synaptic vesicle associated proteins. The mRNA levels of @entity12148 ( @entity12148 ), @entity26924 ( @entity26924 ), and @entity20099 ( @entity20099 ) were decreased in treated groups either on PND0 or on PND21. However, the mRNA level of @entity26925 ( @entity26925 ) decreased in 0.6- and 2.0-mg kg(-1) group on PND0, and showed no significant difference among control group and all treated groups on PND21. These results indicate that the @entity73 induced by @entity14912 may be attributed to the lower mRNA levels of synaptic vesicle associated proteins and the change of synaptic ultrastructure in hippocampus.

title: Prenatal exposure to @entity14911 in @entity35 resulted in long-lasting changes of expression of synapsins and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity14911 :: ('MESH:C076994', 'Chemical') :: ['perfluorooctanesulfonate']

entities_list: @entity1775 :: ('MESH:D020323', 'Disease') :: ['habitation']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['impaired cognitive function', 'impairment of cognitive function']

entities_list: @entity2359 :: ('MESH:D020258', 'Disease') :: ['neurotoxicity']

answer: @entity20099 :: (24804(Tax:10116),Gene) :: ['synaptophysin']


abstract: PURPOSE: To examine the impact of a small-changes @entity353 program across a 3-month intervention followed by a 6-month follow-up program. DESIGN: A one-group pre-post intervention study. SETTING: Medium-sized Southwestern university. @entity1 : Twenty-five @entity28 adult @entity1 (mean body mass index [BMI] = 31.8 kg/m(2), standard deviation [SD] = 4.9). INTERVENTION: @entity1 were asked to choose and adopt small changes in their diet and physical activity relative to baseline during weekly group-based meetings over 3 months. @entity1 then received bi-weekly phone calls across a 6-month follow-up period. MEASURES: Weight change was the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes included waist circumference, daily step count, and caloric intake. ANALYSES: Intention-to-treat analysis of change from baseline and completers-only analysis (n = 22) for secondary outcomes. RESULTS: @entity1 achieved clinically significant @entity353 (mean [M] = -3.2 kg, standard error [SE] = .47 kg, p < .001) across the initial small changes treatment program. Moreover, @entity1 continued to lose weight across the 6-month phone-based follow-up program (M = -2.1 kg, SE = .83 kg, p < .017), totaling >5% @entity353 across the 9-month program (M = 5.3 kg, SE = 1.1 kg, p < .001). CONCLUSION: Using a small changes approach, @entity1 achieved @entity353 in an initial group-based program, which continued with minimal phone-based follow-up. Larger randomized studies comparing a small changes approach to traditional @entity28 treatment are warranted.

title: Small changes approach promotes initial and continued XXXX with a phone-based follow-up: nine-month outcomes from ASPIRES II.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'Participants', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obese', 'obesity']

answer: @entity353 :: (MESH:D015431,Disease) :: ['weight loss']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To analyse if peer @entity4207 by experienced general practitioners (GPs) could be a useful way to change Medical Doctors, ( @entity910 ) prescription of antibiotics for acute @entity1729 (ARTIs) in out-of-hours service. METHOD: An educational Intervention study based on prescription data among @entity910 working in an out-of-hours service from June 2006 through October 2008. Specially trained GPs lectured a peer educational program (3   *   45 minutes) about use of antibiotics for ARTIs according to national recommendations. OUTCOME MEASURES: The type and frequency of antibiotics prescribed for different ARTIs before and after intervention comparing the intervention group with the control group. SUBJECTS: 22 @entity910 in the intervention group and 31 @entity910 in the control group. RESULTS: The intervention group showed an overall statistically significantly absolute increase in the use of @entity11121 (Penicillin V) of 9.8% (95% CI: 2.3%-17.4% p   <   0.05), and similarly an statistically significantly absolute decrease in the use of @entity7187 and @entity35995 of 8.8% (95% CI: 2.6%-14.9.2% p   <   0.05) for all diagnoses. For subgroups of ARTIs we found a significant increase in the use of @entity11121 for @entity697 media, @entity1244 , @entity55 and upper ARTIs. There was no significant changes in total prescription rates in the two groups. 41% of all consultations with @entity1729 resulted in antibiotic prescription. CONCLUSIONS: Using trained GPs to give peer @entity4207 to colleagues in combination with open discussion on prescription, showed a significant change in prescription of antibiotics towards national guidelines. Key points @entity11121 is the first choice for the most of @entity1729 when indicated. Despite the guidelines for the choice of antibiotics in Norway, general practitioners' choice often differs from these. We showed that a session of three times 45   min of peer @entity4207 changed significantly the choice of antibiotics towards the National Guidelines in an urban Norwegian out-of-hours service.

title: Peer @entity4207 on use of antibiotics in acute XXXX . A controlled study in an urban Norwegian out-of-hours service.

entities_list: @entity1244 :: ('MESH:D012852', 'Disease') :: ['sinusitis']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute otitis']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity7187 :: ('MESH:D018942', 'Chemical') :: ['macrolides']

entities_list: @entity1729 :: ('MESH:D012141', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory tract infections']

entities_list: @entity4207 :: ('MESH:D007859', 'Disease') :: ['academic detailing']

entities_list: @entity11121 :: ('MESH:D010404', 'Chemical') :: ['penicillin V', 'Phenoxymethylpenicillin', 'Penicillin V']

entities_list: @entity35995 :: ('MESH:D055231', 'Chemical') :: ['lincosamides']

answer: @entity1729 :: (MESH:D012141,Disease) :: ['respiratory tract infections']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the epidemiological and clinical features of dissociative and @entity2531 in the psychiatry department of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Yalgado Ou  draogo, in Burkina Faso. METHOD: We carried out a retrospective and descriptive study over five years, from January 2003 to December 2007, of @entity1 admitted in the psychiatric department for dissociative and @entity2531 . The data were extracted from the medical notes and registers of consultation. After identification of the @entity1 , the medical notes were exploited with a structured collect form for data on sociodemographic characteristics, life events and ICD-10 diagnoses. All the data were recorded by the same @entity1 . Data analysis was performed with Epi info 2007. RESULTS: During a period of 5 years, 3967 @entity1 were registered, 179 had the diagnosis of dissociative and @entity2531 (3.65% of the admissions) and 145 were included in our study. The majority of the @entity1 were followed as outpatients (71%). @entity1 were more represented with a sex ratio of four @entity1 to one @entity1 . The majority of the @entity1 were young with an average age of 30 and mostly single (57.9%). The majority of the @entity1 had a low academic standard, in connection with young age of the population. A striking biographic event was found in the majority of the cases; essentially family difficulties and @entity204 . @entity16 were the most frequent in 63% of the cases. According to ICD-1O, @entity4785 were most frequent (65.6%). @entity308 was mainly associated in15 cases. DISCUSSION: @entity4785 and @entity2531 are frequent in our hospital; we must overcome the difficulties due to the complexity of the diagnosis and the cultural resistances to modern health care to determine the real prevalence of these disorders among the population in Burkina Faso.

title: [Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of @entity4785 and XXXX in Burkina Faso].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'Women', 'man', 'person']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression']

entities_list: @entity4785 :: ('MESH:D004213', 'Disease') :: ['dissociative disorders', 'Dissociative disorders']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['Neurological symptoms']

entities_list: @entity2531 :: ('MESH:D013001', 'Disease') :: ['somatoform disorders']

answer: @entity2531 :: (MESH:D013001,Disease) :: ['somatoform disorders']


abstract: Although a number of species live syanthropically with @entity1 , few rely entirely on @entity1 for their survival and distribution. Unlike other cosmopolitan @entity1 commensals, the @entity13377 ( @entity13377 ), an insect of both public and livestock health concern, is considered incapable of dispersal outside @entity1 dwellings. Patterns of genetic association are therefore constrained and may not be associated with distance. Analogies with other @entity1 -commensal species are therefore impossible to draw with any degree of accuracy. In the past 2 decades, @entity13377 has become a prominent pest within the US @entity1707 production system. @entity1707 production is mainly carried out through contracted producers, each associated with a management company. It has been hypothesized that cockroach populations will be genetically structured based on association to a specific management company. Here, we tested this hypothesis using microsatellite genotypes (8 polymorphic loci) from 626 individual cockroaches collected from 22 farms in southeastern North Carolina representing 3 management companies. Significant genetic differentiation was detected (F(ST) = 0.171), most of which was partitioned among the 22 farms rather than the 3 management groups. All pair-wise population comparisons yielded F(ST) values significantly greater than zero. Our results reveal that structure does not correspond to management company of origin, but instead it may be regional and influenced strongly by the unintentional movement of cockroaches by farm workers.

title: Population genetic structure in german cockroaches ( XXXX ): differentiated islands in an agricultural landscape.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human']

entities_list: @entity13377 :: ('6973', 'Species') :: ['German cockroach', 'Blattella germanica', 'B. germanica']

answer: @entity13377 :: (6973,Species) :: ['blattella germanica']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Angiogenesis is characteristic of chronic inflammatory reactions. The process of @entity7499 is reported to be proinflammatory in part due to enhanced adhesion events and in part due to increased perfusion and permeability to sites of @entity32 . However, little is known about the association between @entity7499 and rejection. METHODS: Severe combined immune deficient @entity19 are permissive for the growth of @entity1 skin allografts and @entity1 peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). @entity1 PBMC were injected into @entity19 by intravenous or intraperitoneal injection. The infiltration of cells and the associated @entity7499 reactions in the skin allografts were analyzed temporally by videomicroscopy and spatially by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: @entity1 alloreactive mononuclear cells migrated to @entity1 skin but not @entity19 skin within hours after the intravenous infusion of PBMC. Within 3 days, areas of @entity7499 were observed in the skin grafts at the sites of infiltrates. The vessel densities in skin grafts were 24+/-6 vessels per calibrated grid at baseline on the day of the infusion and increased to 55+/-16 vessels per calibrated field by day 10. Skin grafts harvested from humanized severe combined immune deficient @entity19 7-14 days after the intraperitoneal infusion of @entity1 PBMC showed a similar increased density of vessels that were spatially associated with mononuclear cell infiltrates. CONCLUSIONS: A significant @entity7499 response was associated with the cell infiltrates in the @entity1 skin allografts. The onset of @entity7499 appeared after the initial development of localized infiltrates and preceded the development of microvascular destruction. These findings suggest that alloreactive T cells and/or monocytes mediate the @entity7499 response in skin allografts.

title: Angiogenesis in the huPBL-SCID model of XXXX transplant rejection.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity7499 :: ('MESH:D016510', 'Disease') :: ['angiogenesis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe the number of cases, etiologies, healing times, and results of microbial culture and susceptibility testing of @entity3283 in thoroughbred racehorses in Japan. PROCEDURE: Retrospective study of the medical records of racehorses belonging to the Japan Racing Association (JRA) from 1997 to 2008. RESULTS: A total of 2846 @entity1641 suffered @entity3283 . These @entity1641 accounted for 90.5% of all the corneal problems and 54.9% of the entire number of @entity1641 with @entity2194 . Running in races was the cause in 64.3% of the cases. The mean healing time of the @entity1066 developed in races was 5.5 + or - 9.6 days, which was shorter than that of the @entity1066 unrelated to racing (8.6 + or - 11.7 days). In @entity1641 presented for examination by the next day after the race, healing was even more rapid (4.1 + or - 7.5 days) than in @entity1641 presented later (12.4 + or - 14.7 days). Microbial culture was performed on 74 samples of 58 @entity1641 . Forty-four bacterial and four fungal organisms were isolated from 35 samples of 29 @entity1641 . @entity796 (10) and @entity11674 (5) were the bacteria most frequently isolated. There was no tendency of increasing antibiotic resistance of these organisms. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3283 is the most frequent @entity2687 of the racehorse in Japan. Careful observation of the eyes after racing is necessary as early diagnosis and treatment of @entity3283 speeds healing. Many antibiotic have efficacy against the bacterial isolates, however, potent antibiotics should be reserved for the most severe @entity3283 .

title: XXXX in thoroughbred racehorses in Japan from 1997 to 2008.

entities_list: @entity2194 :: ('MESH:D005128', 'Disease') :: ['ocular diseases']

entities_list: @entity796 :: ('287', 'Species') :: ['Pseudomonas aeruginosa']

entities_list: @entity3283 :: ('MESH:D003320', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative keratitis', 'corneal ulcers', 'Ulcerative keratitis']

entities_list: @entity2687 :: ('MESH:D003316', 'Disease') :: ['corneal and ocular disease']

entities_list: @entity11674 :: ('40041', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus equi subspecies zooepidemicus']

answer: @entity3283 :: (MESH:D003320,Disease) :: ['Ulcerative keratitis']


abstract: @entity117 and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can cause varying degrees of @entity16 . These agents are most frequently used for the treatment of @entity627 because they are highly effective in reducing joint @entity158 and @entity4 . @entity112 H2-receptor antagonists, @entity4546 , @entity5418 , and @entity396 are drugs available for the treatment of @entity1819 caused by NSAIDs. In controlled clinical studies, all these drugs effectively heal gastric and @entity130 if NSAIDs are discontinued. However, current data suggest that if NSAIDs are continued while @entity344 is present, only @entity396 and @entity4546 have demonstrated efficacy in healing @entity1819 . @entity396 also effectively heals NSAID-induced @entity130 . At this time, no data exist on the efficacy of other antiulcer drugs in healing @entity9317 or @entity1066 if NSAID administration is continued. Regarding prevention of NSAID-induced @entity2275 , controlled clinical studies with H2 antagonists and @entity5418 have failed to show any therapeutic benefit. @entity5616 , however, has shown efficacy in preventing NSAID-induced duodenal @entity1066 . The coadministration of @entity396 with NSAIDs to @entity1 who have either @entity571 or @entity309 prevents the development of @entity2275 . Based on current published information, this property distinguishes @entity396 from other antiulcer drugs.

title: Prevention and treatment of XXXX induced by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity627 :: ('MESH:D012216', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatic diseases']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']

entities_list: @entity1819 :: ('MESH:D013272', 'Disease') :: ['gastric mucosal damage', 'gastric mucosal injury']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['swelling']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['Aspirin']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['gastroduodenal mucosal damage']

entities_list: @entity396 :: ('MESH:D016595', 'Chemical') :: ['Misoprostol', 'misoprostol']

entities_list: @entity5418 :: ('MESH:D013392', 'Chemical') :: ['sucralfate']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal damage']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulceration', 'ulcers']

entities_list: @entity112 :: ('MESH:D006632', 'Chemical') :: ['Histamine']

entities_list: @entity5616 :: ('MESH:D011899', 'Chemical') :: ['Ranitidine']

entities_list: @entity4546 :: ('MESH:D009853', 'Chemical') :: ['omeprazole']

entities_list: @entity9317 :: ('MESH:D004382', 'Disease') :: ['duodenal erosions']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['duodenal injury']

entities_list: @entity2275 :: ('MESH:D013276', 'Disease') :: ['gastric and duodenal ulcers', 'gastric ulcer']

answer: @entity1066 :: (MESH:D014456,Disease) :: ['ulcers']


abstract: @entity8087 has been proposed as one of the pivotal factors in the process of osteogenesis and @entity3 in @entity1 @entity5 including @entity0 , but its details have not been evaluated. Therefore, in this study, we evaluated its expression in @entity1 @entity0 using immunohistochemistry. One hundred and thirty-seven @entity406 -fixed and @entity982 -embedded @entity0 specimens were used in this analysis of immunohistochemical study. Immunoreactivity was evaluated using the @entity894 ( @entity894 ). @entity8087 immunoreactivity was detected in both @entity189 and stromal cells, as well as non-pathological ductal cells. The nuclear @entity894 of @entity8087 in @entity189 cells was associated with the clinical stage, histological grade and @entity1722 status of the @entity1 examined. In addition, among the @entity1 not associated with distant @entity3 , those with high @entity8087 @entity894 demonstrated a significantly worse clinical outcome than those with a low @entity894 . This was more pronounced in the group of @entity172 receptor (ER)-negative cases. In addition, both univariate and multivariate analyses demonstrated that the @entity8087 @entity894 in @entity0 cells turned out an independent prognostic factor. Results of our present study demonstrated that @entity8087 plays very important roles in the progression of @entity0 , especially in those of ER-negative cases.

title: XXXX in @entity1 @entity0 : its potential roles in @entity5 progression.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast carcinoma', 'breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity894 :: ('MESH:C566784', 'Disease') :: ['labeling index', 'LI']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancies']

entities_list: @entity406 :: ('MESH:D005557', 'Chemical') :: ['formalin']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity982 :: ('MESH:D010232', 'Chemical') :: ['paraffin']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity8087 :: (860,Gene) :: ['Runx2']


abstract: The objective of this study was to investigate the specificity of detecting the @entity10393 level with anti- @entity10393 monoclonal antibody PY20 for diagnosis and prognosis of @entity1 with @entity1860 ( @entity1860 ) and the possibility of its clinical application. The positive rate of PY20 in 28 newly diagnosed @entity1860 @entity1 was detected by flow cytometry using anti-PY20 antibody, the @entity1861 fusion gene was detected by nested RT-PCR, the Ph chromosome was measured by R-banding cytogenetic analysis, and the coincidence of PY20 positive rate with results of @entity1861 fusion gene and Ph chromosome detection was compared. In addition, the positive rate of PY20, the changes of @entity1861 fusion gene and Ph chromosome were determined in follow up 7 @entity1860 @entity1 after allo-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The results indicated that the positive rates of PY20 in 28 newly diagnosed @entity1860 @entity1 in groups of chronic phase (CP), accelerated phase (AP), and blast phase (BP) were (40.31% +/- 1.22)%, (77.28 +/- 1.14)% and (78.12 +/- 1.32)% respectively. The positive rate of PY20 in CP was lower than that in AP and BP (p < 0.05). There was no difference in positive rate of PY20 between AP and BP (p > 0.05). PY20 expression level of leukocytes from peripheral blood and bone marrow showed no difference (p < 0.05). The positive rates of PY20 in @entity1 with CR, PR and NR were (15.56% +/- 1.51)%, (38.73% +/- 2.31)% and (60.43% +/- 2.04)% respectively. The positive and negative coincidence between PY20 and RT-PCR was 92.31% and 95.45% respectively. The positive and negative coincidence between PY20 and Ph Chromosome in newly diagnosed @entity1 was 88.46% and 95.46% respectively. Ph chromosome and PY20 were all negative in 7 @entity1860 @entity1 after allo-HSCT. @entity1861 fusion gene was negative persistently in 5 @entity1 , but in the other 2 @entity1 , the fusion gene was persistently positive. In conclusion, the detection of the level of @entity10393 in @entity1860 cells has high sensitivity and specificity. The results of PY20 cell positive rate combined with detection of bcr/abl fusion gene and Ph chromosome might be useful in diagnosis as a good index of monitoring.

title: [Detection of XXXX in @entity1860 cells with PY20 antibody and its clinical applications].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity10393 :: ('CHEBI:74956', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphotyrosine']

entities_list: @entity1860 :: ('MESH:D015464', 'Disease') :: ['CML', 'chronic myeloid leukemia']

answer: @entity10393 :: (CHEBI:74956,Chemical) :: ['phosphotyrosine']


abstract: Glycoprotein-hormone alpha-subunit deficient (alphaSUnull) @entity19 are @entity1375 and hypogonadal due to the absence of functional TSH, LH and FSH, despite normal production of the corresponding beta subunits. @entity977 spontaneously developing in alphaSUnull @entity19 were propagated in @entity1375 @entity19 . The purpose of the current studies was to compare the gene expression profile of these alphaSUnull @entity5 with previously characterized TtT-97 @entity5 . A group of animals bearing each @entity5 type was treated with @entity6145 (T4) prior to @entity5 removal. Both @entity5 types equally expressed @entity28009 mRNA, which significantly decreased when exposed to T4, whereas alpha-subunit mRNA was absent in alphaSUnull @entity5 . Northern blot analysis was performed using cDNA probes for the following transcription factors: @entity36033 , @entity36034 , pLIM, @entity13652 , @entity36035 and @entity26797 . Both @entity5 were found to contain identical transcripts with similar responses to T4, with the exception of @entity36033 . In contrast to the signal pattern seen in TtT-97, only two bands were seen in alphaSUnull @entity5 , which were similar in size to those in alphaTSH cells, a thyrotropic cell line that lacks @entity28009 -subunit expression and @entity36033 protein. However, western blot analysis revealed a protein band in the alphaSUnull @entity5 consistent with @entity36033 , while this signal was absent in alphaTSH cells. Northern blot analysis was also performed with specific cDNA probes for the following receptors: TRbeta1, TRbeta2, @entity26019 , non-T3 binding alpha2, RXRgamma and @entity12676 . Similarly-sized transcripts were found in both types of @entity5 , although the signal for @entity12676 was seen in T4-treated alphaSUnull @entity5 only with a more sensitive RT-PCR analysis. The overall similarity between the two @entity5 types renders the alphaSUnull @entity5 as a suitable @entity5 model.

title: XXXX arising from glycoprotein hormone alpha-subunit-deficient @entity19 contain transcription factors and receptors present in thyrotropes.

entities_list: @entity1375 :: ('MESH:D007037', 'Disease') :: ['hypothyroid']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'thyrotropic tumor', 'thyrotropic tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity977 :: ('MESH:D010911', 'Disease') :: ['Pituitary tumors']

entities_list: @entity6145 :: ('CHEBI:60311', 'Chemical') :: ['thyroid hormone']

answer: @entity977 :: (MESH:D010911,Disease) :: ['Pituitary tumors']


abstract: We prepared the core-shell structure @entity632 lipiodol microemulsions (ADM-CSLMs) and evaluated their in vivo antitumor effects in combination with @entity8584 ( @entity7725 ). Two types of ADM-CSLMs, @entity632 liposome-lipiodol microemulsion(ADM-LLM) and @entity632 microsphere lipiodol microemulsion (ADM-MLM), were prepared through the emulsification method. The drug loading and encapsulation efficiency of ADM-CSLMs were measured by the high-performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC). The size and shape of the ADM-CSLMs were determined by an atom force microscopy (AFM), a transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and a particle size analyzer, respectively. The synergistic effects of @entity7725 and ADM-CSLMs for @entity5 treatment of @entity189 drug-resistance cell was evaluated by the @entity98 method, the activation of @entity224 dismutase (SOD) was detected by chemiluminescence, and the ADM accumulation in cells was measured by flow cytometry. @entity25970 was transplanted to the livers of the male SD @entity35 , ADM-CSLMs were administrated to the livers of the @entity35 by intervention hepatic artery embolization through microsurgery. The @entity5 growth and animal survival were evaluated. The results show that the average diameter of ADM-LLM and ADM-MLM were 4.23    1.2  m and 4.67    1.4  m, respectively, and their ADM encapsulation efficiency were 83.7% and 87.2% with respect to loading efficiency of 82  g/ml and 91  g/ml. The @entity5 growth and animal survival in two of the ADM-CSLMs combined with @entity7725 groups were significantly higher than that of ADM only treatment, ADM liposome combined with @entity7725 (P < 0.01), as well as the ADM microsphere combined with @entity7725 (P < 0.01). Therefore, ADM-CSLMs are useful carriers for the treatment of @entity189 and their anti- @entity5 effect can be enhanced by @entity7725 in a suitable concentration.

title: Preparation of the core-shell structure XXXX lipiodol microemulsions and their synergistic anti- @entity5 effects with @entity8584 in vivo.

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['adriamycin']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity8584 :: ('MESH:D004050', 'Chemical') :: ['Diethyldithiocarbamate']

entities_list: @entity25970 :: ('MESH:D002279', 'Disease') :: ['Walker-256 carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide']

answer: @entity632 :: (MESH:D004317,Chemical) :: ['adriamycin']


abstract: Study Objective. To estimate and compare the prevalence of @entity303 and @entity308 among adults with and without @entity717 ( @entity717 ). Methods. We linked data from several provincial administrative databases to identify @entity1 with @entity717 . We matched cases with @entity336 with @entity1 without @entity336 as to sex, age, and place of residence. We estimated the prevalence of @entity303 and @entity308 and compared the two groups using the Generalized Estimating Equations (GEEs) technique. Results. The estimated prevalence of @entity308 and @entity303 among younger adults (20-54) and older adults (50+) with @entity336 was significantly higher than the estimated rates for the matched non- @entity336 group ( @entity308 : younger adults: RR = 2.96 (95% CI   2.59-3.39); older adults: RR = 2.65 (95% CI   1.84-3.81)), ( @entity303 : younger adults: RR = 4.01 (95% CI   2.72-5.92); older adults: RR = 4.80 (95% CI   2.48-9.31)). Conclusion. Significant disparities exist in mental health between @entity1 with and without @entity717 .

title: Prevalence of @entity308 and XXXX among Adults with @entity717 in Manitoba, Canada.

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['Dementia', 'dementia']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['DDs', 'developmental disabilities']

answer: @entity303 :: (MESH:D003704,Disease) :: ['Dementia']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity19878 ( @entity19878 ) is an @entity14514 analog that stabilizes microtubules and has antitumor activity in @entity3907 -refractory @entity1 in phase I studies. In a phase II trial, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of @entity19878 in @entity1 with metastatic and locally advanced @entity0 . @entity1 AND METHODS: @entity0 @entity1 with measurable disease who had @entity1311 and/or @entity1205 as prior neoadjuvant, adjuvant, or metastatic therapy were treated with @entity19878 at 6 mg/m2/d intravenously on days 1 through 5 every 3 weeks. Levels of @entity2227 ( @entity367 ) -terminated and acetylated alpha-tubulin, markers of microtubule stabilization, were detected by Western blot and by immunohistochemistry in a subset of matched pre- and post-treatment @entity5 biopsies. RESULTS: Thirty-seven @entity1 received 153 cycles of @entity19878 . The best responses were a complete response in one @entity1 (3%), partial responses in seven @entity1 (19%), and stable disease in 13 @entity1 (35%). Grade 3 and 4 @entity137 included @entity1398 (35%), @entity1398 (14%), @entity1295 (14%), @entity294 (11%), @entity1209 (5%), @entity925 / @entity4841 (3%), and @entity16 (3%). Two @entity1 were removed from study because of prolonged grade 2 or 3 @entity2359 , and three @entity1 were removed from study for other grade 3 and 4 nonhematologic @entity137 . Compared with baseline levels, levels of both glu-terminated and acetylated alpha-tubulin were increased in @entity5 biopsies performed after @entity19878 therapy. CONCLUSION: An objective response was seen in 22% of the @entity1 in a population who had been previously treated with a @entity3907 . @entity16 was mild with grade 3 @entity2359 rarely seen. Microtubule stabilization occurred in @entity5 biopsies after treatment with @entity19878 .

title: Phase II clinical trial of @entity19878 ( XXXX ), an @entity14514 analog, in metastatic and locally advanced @entity0 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'women', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity2227 :: ('CHEBI:29987', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamate']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer', 'Breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity19878 :: ('MESH:C430592', 'Chemical') :: ['BMS-247550', 'ixabepilone', 'Ixabepilone']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['sensory neuropathy', 'Sensory neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity1209 :: ('MESH:D020250', 'Disease') :: ['nausea/vomiting']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia', 'febrile neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity4841 :: ('MESH:D018771', 'Disease') :: ['arthralgia']

entities_list: @entity1205 :: ('MESH:C067311', 'Chemical') :: ['docetaxel']

entities_list: @entity2359 :: ('MESH:D020258', 'Disease') :: ['neurotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity14514 :: ('MESH:C093788', 'Chemical') :: ['epothilone B']

answer: @entity19878 :: (MESH:C430592,Chemical) :: ['BMS-247550']


abstract: The effect of starch contained in different foods on colonic proliferation was studied in C57BL/6 @entity19 after four weeks of feeding with 20% fat diets containing cornstarch, white bread, pasta, and @entity579 ; an equicaloric amount of @entity969 was used in a control diet. Cell proliferation was evaluated in different subsites of the colon (rectal end, mid colon and cecal end) by @entity3812 arrest and @entity665 incorporation. The following parameters were analyzed: @entity6578 ( @entity6578 ), @entity894 ( @entity894 ), and the distribution of labeled cells along the crypt. Different results were obtained in the different subsites. At the rectal end of the colon, all diets containing starch lowered cell proliferation compared with the @entity969 diet. The values for @entity6578 in the different diets were 2.56 +/- 0.22, 1.73 +/- 0.30, 1.37 +/- 0.19, 1.61 +/- 0.29, and 1.29 +/- 0.31 for control, cornstarch, white bread, pasta, and @entity579 , respectively. Values are means +/- SE (n = 10). The values for @entity894 showed a similar pattern. In the mid colon, the @entity6578 was significantly lowered only by the diet containing @entity579 , whereas the DNA synthetic activity ( @entity894 ) was lowered by cornstarch, pasta, and @entity579 . Toward the cecal end, we observed a significant reduction in @entity6578 with diets containing pasta and @entity579 and in the @entity894 with diets containing pasta. The distribution of the @entity894 along the crypt in the different subsites was not significantly affected by experimental dietary variations. The results suggest that starch from different dietary sources might reduce colon proliferation in the @entity19 .

title: Starchy foods and colon proliferation in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity894 :: ('MESH:C566784', 'Disease') :: ['labeling index', 'LI']

entities_list: @entity665 :: ('CHEBI:53526', 'Chemical') :: ['[3H]thymidine']

entities_list: @entity6578 :: ('MESH:C536987', 'Disease') :: ['MI', 'mitotic index']

entities_list: @entity969 :: ('MESH:D013395', 'Chemical') :: ['sucrose']

entities_list: @entity3812 :: ('MESH:D003078', 'Chemical') :: ['colchicine']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: AIMS: Cyclooxygenase inhibition by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is contraindicated in @entity101 as it may reduce glomerular filtration rate and renal blood flow. However, the identity of the specific @entity9610 and receptor underlying these effects is not known. We hypothesized that vascular smooth muscle @entity1421 E-Prostanoid 4 receptor deletion predisposes to @entity8 via unchecked vasoconstrictive actions of @entity11502 in a @entity101 model. @entity19 with inducible vascular smooth muscle cell-specific @entity13947 receptor deletion were generated and subjected to @entity15395 -induced @entity101 . RESULTS: @entity13947 deletion was verified by PCR of aorta and renal vessels, as well as functionally by loss of @entity1421 -mediated mesenteric artery relaxation. While both @entity15395 -treated groups became similarly @entity101 , @entity633 , foot process effacement and renal @entity1184 were exacerbated in @entity15395 -treated EP4VSMC-/- but not in EP4VSMC+/+ @entity19 and was associated with @entity8 , @entity130 and reduced glomerular filtration rate. @entity15395 -treated EP4VSMC-/- @entity19 exhibited @entity16 and reduced renal perfusion as measured by fluorescent bead microangiography and magnetic resonance imaging, respectively. @entity8930 expression was significantly elevated in @entity15395 -treated @entity13947 -/- @entity19 . @entity13947 -receptor silencing in primary VSMCs abolished @entity1421 inhibition of @entity15395 -induced @entity8930 mRNA and @entity224 production. INNOVATION: These data suggest that vascular @entity13947 receptors buffer the actions of @entity15395 upon renal hemodynamics and oxidative injury. CONCLUSION: @entity13947 agonists may therefore protect against @entity8 .

title: Vascular smooth muscle-specific XXXX receptor deletion in @entity19 exacerbates angiotensin II-induced @entity8 .

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['glomerular scarring', 'renal injury', 'hypertension-associated kidney damage']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity9610 :: ('CHEBI:23899', 'Chemical') :: ['eicosanoid']

entities_list: @entity1421 :: ('MESH:D015232', 'Chemical') :: ['PGE2', 'prostaglandin E2']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['tubulointerstitial injury']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['capillary damage']

entities_list: @entity633 :: ('MESH:D000419', 'Disease') :: ['albuminuria']

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide']

entities_list: @entity11502 :: ('MESH:D000804', 'Chemical') :: ['angiotensin II']

answer: @entity13947 :: (19219(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['EP4']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity63 impacts renal function outcomes following partial nephrectomy. Efforts to minimize, better yet, eliminate @entity8 are imperative. OBJECTIVE: Describe a novel technique of "zero @entity63 " laparoscopic (LPN) and robotic-assisted (RAPN) partial nephrectomy. DESIGN, SETTING, AND @entity1 : Data were prospectively collected into an institutional review board-approved database. Fifteen consecutive @entity1 underwent zero @entity63 procedures: LPN (n=12), RAPN (n=3). Included were all candidates for LPN or RAPN, irrespective of @entity5 complexity, including @entity5 that were central (n=9; 60%), hilar (n=1), in solitary kidney (n=1), in @entity1 with @entity740 grade 3 or greater (n=3). Anesthesia-related monitoring included pulmonary artery catheter (ie, Swan-Ganz), transesophageal echocardiography, cerebral oximetry, electroencephalographic bispectral index, mixed venous @entity26 measurements, and vigorous hydration/diuresis. Pharmacologically induced @entity551 was carefully timed to correspond with excision of the deepest aspect of the @entity5 . Renal parenchymal reconstruction was completed under normotension, ensuring complete hemostasis. MEASUREMENTS: Intraoperative and early postoperative data were collected prospectively. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS: All cases were successfully completed without hilar clamping. @entity63 time was zero in all cases. Median @entity5 size was 2.5 cm (range: 1-4); operative time was 3 h (range: 1.3-6); @entity190 was 150 ml (range: 20-400); and hospital stay was 3 d (range: 2-19). Nadir mean arterial pressure ranged from 52-65 mm Hg (median: 60), typically for 1-5 min. No @entity1 had intraoperative transfusion or complication, acute or delayed @entity548 , or @entity551 -related sequelae. @entity260 (n=5) included urine retention (n=1), @entity295 from presumed @entity1069 (n=1), @entity955 (n=1), urine leak (n=2). Pathology confirmed @entity1358 in 13 @entity1 (87%), all with negative margins. Median pre- and postoperative serum @entity1011 (0.9 mg/dl and 0.95 mg/dl, respectively) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (75.3 and 72.9, respectively) were comparable. Median absolute and percent change in discharge serum @entity1011 and eGFR were 0 and 0%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: A novel zero @entity63 technique for RAPN and LPN for substantial @entity703 is presented. The initial experience is encouraging.

title: "Zero XXXX " partial nephrectomy: novel laparoscopic and robotic technique.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'PARTICIPANTS', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal ischemia']

entities_list: @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['septicemia']

entities_list: @entity1069 :: ('MESH:D053448', 'Disease') :: ['prostatitis']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['renal hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['Ischemia', 'ischemia', 'Ischemic injury']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['chronic kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['renal cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

entities_list: @entity703 :: ('MESH:D007680', 'Disease') :: ['renal tumors']

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['ischemia']


abstract: One-hundred-and-ninety-three @entity1 with unstable @entity453 ( @entity453 ) (i.e. unstable @entity951 or a non-Q wave @entity583 ) were randomized in a double-blind fashion to @entity117 ( @entity1281 ) 75 mg daily (n = 100) or placebo (n = 93) within 72 h of admission to the Coronary Care Unit. Platelet function was evaluated as ex vivo aggregation toward collagen and @entity857 before and after 5 days, 1, 12, 18 and 24 months of treatment. @entity1281 decreased aggregation by collagen 1 mg l-1 from 81.3 +/- 1.7% before to 34.0 +/- 1.7% after 1 month (P less than 0.001), while no change was observed in the placebo group. Aggregation by @entity857 1 microM after 1 month was 42.1 +/- 1.1% and 51.0 +/- 2.0% in the @entity1281 and placebo groups respectively (P less than 0.001). The platelet inhibition by @entity1281 was maintained during 24 months. All @entity1281 @entity1 had @entity1423 during treatment. A cumulative dose of 300 mg (4 doses of 75 mg) was not enough for maximal inhibition at the second aggregation test. Thus, @entity1281 75 mg daily causes platelet inhibition in all @entity1 without attenuation during long-term treatment. If low dose @entity1281 is started in unstable @entity453 a loading dose exceeding 300 mg is suggested.

title: Persistent inhibition of platelet function during long-term treatment with 75 mg @entity117 daily in @entity1 with unstable XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity1423 :: ('MESH:D001791', 'Disease') :: ['reduced aggregation']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylsalicylic acid']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['CAD', 'coronary artery disease']

answer: @entity453 :: (MESH:D003324,Disease) :: ['coronary artery disease']


abstract: Genitoanal warts are predominantly induced by @entity1082 ) types 6, 11, 16, and 18. A strong association has been established between @entity281 by @entity1799 and HPV 18 and the subsequent development of @entity5 in the uterine cervix. Therefore, a clinical challenge exists with respect to identification of @entity1 harboring the latter type of high-risk HPV types. The present study on 108 @entity1 with genitoanal warts focuses on whether reliable gross and/or histopathologic criteria exist to predict the presence of @entity1799 and HPV 18 or whether there is a need for HPV typing by deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) hybridization assay in future epidemiologic studies. The high-risk HPV types were identified in 9 of 91 HPV DNA-positive lesions (11%). The gross appearance of the lesions appeared to be of limited predictive value for the presence of these HPV types. @entity1799 was most common in warts exhibiting some degree of @entity1141 (p less than 0.001) and also occurred in the two lesions with a severe @entity1141 . Lack of @entity1141 correlated with the presence of HPV 6 and/ @entity24773 (p less than 0.01). However, @entity2048 did not preclude @entity281 with high-risk HPV types, and a mild to moderate @entity1141 was associated with all of the four HPV types studied. Therefore, we emphasize the value of HPV typing in clinical routine in order to trace @entity1 harboring the high-risk HPV types 16 and/ @entity20786 .

title: Advantage of XXXX typing in the clinical evaluation of genitoanal warts. Experience with the in situ deoxyribonucleic acid hybridization technique applied on paraffin sections.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity1082 :: ('10566', 'Species') :: ['human papillomavirus (HPV']

entities_list: @entity2048 :: ('MESH:D004832', 'Disease') :: ['absence of dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['dysplasia']

answer: @entity1082 :: (10566,Species) :: ['human papillomavirus']


abstract: Closure of the neural tube requires both the change and maintenance of cell shape. The change occurs mainly through two coordinated morphogenetic events: cell elongation and apical constriction. How cytoskeletal elements, including microtubules, are regulated in this process in vivo is largely unknown. Here, we show that neural tube closure in @entity1238 depends on orthologs of two proteins: @entity26827 , which is responsible for @entity18151 in @entity1 , and its paralog @entity26828 . Depletion of the @entity1238 MIDs (xMIDs) by morpholino-mediated knockdown disrupted epithelial morphology in the neural plate, leading to neural tube defects. In the xMID-depleted neural plate, the normal epithelial organization was perturbed without affecting neural fate. Furthermore, the xMID knockdown destabilized and caused the disorganization of microtubules, which are normally apicobasally polarized, accounting for the abnormal phenotypes. We also found that the xMIDs and their interacting protein @entity26829 were coordinately required for microtubule stabilization during remodeling of the neural plate. Finally, we showed that the xMIDs are required for the formation of multiple epithelial organs. We propose that similar MID-governed mechanisms underlie the normal morphogenesis of epithelial tissues and organs, including the tissues affected in @entity1 with @entity18151 .

title: @entity26827 and MID2 are required for XXXX neural tube closure through the regulation of microtubule organization.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity18151 :: ('MESH:C538387', 'Disease') :: ['Opitz G/BBB syndrome']

answer: @entity1238 :: (8355,Species) :: ['Xenopus']


abstract: @entity1315 is the commonest partial @entity302 of adulthood. Although generally perceived as an acquired disorder, several forms of @entity25474 , with mesial or lateral @entity410 semiology, have been described. Descriptions of @entity3877 have varied widely from a @entity302 with prominent d  j   vu and without antecedent @entity410 or magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities, to heterogeneous, but generally more @entity302 , often with a history of @entity410 and with frequent hippocampal @entity194 and high T    signal on magnetic resonance imaging. Compelling evidence of a genetic aetiology (rather than chance aggregation) in @entity3877 has come from twin studies. Dominant inheritance has been reported in two large families, though the usual mode of inheritance is not known. Here, we describe clinical and neurophysiological features of 20 new mesial @entity1315 families including 51 affected individuals. The @entity302 in these families were generally benign, and febrile @entity410 history was infrequent (9.8%). No evidence of @entity131 or @entity1141 was present on brain imaging. A single individual underwent anterior temporal lobectomy, with subsequent @entity410 freedom and histopathological evidence of @entity131 was not found. Inheritance patterns in probands' relatives were analysed in these families, together with 19 other @entity1315 families previously reported by us. Observed frequencies of @entity302 in relatives were lower than predicted by dominant Mendelian models, while only a minority (8/39) of families could be compatible with recessive inheritance. These findings strongly suggest that complex inheritance, similar to that widely accepted in the @entity3762 , is the usual mode of inheritance in @entity3877 . This disorder, which appears to be relatively common, and not typically associated with @entity131 , is an appropriate target for contemporary approaches to complex disorders such as genome-wide association studies for common genetic variants or deep sequencing for rare variants.

title: XXXX : a @entity302 showing complex inheritance.

entities_list: @entity3877 :: ('MESH:C566903', 'Disease') :: ['familial mesial temporal lobe epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'febrile seizures']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['hippocampal sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity1315 :: ('MESH:D004833', 'Disease') :: ['Temporal lobe epilepsy', 'temporal lobe epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsies', 'epilepsy', 'refractory epilepsies', 'benign epilepsy syndrome']

entities_list: @entity25474 :: ('MESH:C536956', 'Disease') :: ['familial temporal lobe epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity3762 :: ('MESH:C562694', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic generalized epilepsies']

answer: @entity3877 :: (MESH:C566903,Disease) :: ['Familial mesial temporal lobe epilepsy']


abstract: Rodents homozygous for autosomal leptin receptor gene mutations not only become @entity28 , insulin resistant, and hyperleptinemic but also develop a dysregulated immune system. Using marker-assisted breeding to introgress the Koletsky @entity35 leptin receptor mutant ( @entity29614 -/ @entity29614 -), we developed a novel congenic BBDR.( @entity29614 -/ @entity29614 -) @entity35 line to study the development of @entity28 and @entity2175 ( @entity2175 ) in the BioBreeding (BB) @entity6 -resistant (DR) @entity35 . While heterozygous @entity29614 (-/+) or homozygous (+/+) BBDR @entity35 remained lean and metabolically normal, at 3 wk of age all BBDR.( @entity29614 -/ @entity29614 -) @entity35 were @entity28 without @entity4854 . Between 45 and 70 days of age, male but not female @entity28 @entity35 developed @entity2175 . We had previously developed congenic BBDR.( @entity31484 -/ @entity31484 -) @entity35 , which carry an autosomal frameshift mutation in the @entity31484 gene linked to @entity2905 and spontaneous development of @entity1723 ( @entity1723 ) without sex differences. Because the autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic islet beta-cells may be affected not only by @entity28 but also by the absence of leptin receptor signaling, we next generated BBDR.( @entity29614 -/ @entity29614 -, @entity31484 -/ @entity31484 -) double congenic @entity35 carrying the mutation for @entity31484 and @entity1723 as well as the @entity29614 mutation for @entity28 and @entity2175 . The hyperleptinemia rescued end-stage islets in BBDR.( @entity29614 -/ @entity29614 -, @entity31484 -/ @entity31484 -) congenic @entity35 and induced an increase in islet size in both sexes, while @entity1723 development was delayed and reduced only in females. These results demonstrate that @entity28 and @entity2175 induced by introgression of the Koletsky leptin receptor mutation in the BBDR @entity35 result in islet expansion associated with protection from @entity1723 in female but not male BBDR.( @entity29614 -/ @entity29614 -, @entity31484 -/ @entity31484 -) congenic @entity35 . BBDR.( @entity29614 -/ @entity29614 -, @entity31484 -/ @entity31484 -) congenic @entity35 should prove valuable to study interactions between lack of leptin receptor signaling, @entity28 , and sex-specific @entity2175 and @entity1723 .

title: Differential effects of leptin receptor mutation on male and female BBDR @entity31484 -/ @entity31484 - spontaneously XXXX @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity2175 :: ('MESH:D003924', 'Disease') :: ['type 2 diabetes', 'T2D']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obese', 'obesity']

entities_list: @entity2905 :: ('MESH:D008231', 'Disease') :: ['lymphopenia']

entities_list: @entity1723 :: ('MESH:D003922', 'Disease') :: ['T1D', 'type 1 diabetes']

entities_list: @entity4854 :: ('MESH:D006943', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemia']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetic']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To define the epidemiological and clinical features and complementary investigation findings of @entity784 , nasal type and to discuss the diagnostic difficulties and the various treatment options. @entity1 AND METHODS: This retrospective study was based on 15 @entity1 with @entity784 , nasal type, managed between 1990 and 2009. RESULTS: This series comprised 13 @entity1 and two @entity1 (sex ratio=6.5) with a mean age of 52 years (range: 35-81 years). The mean time to first consultation was 6 months. The most common symptoms were nasal obstruction (87%) and purulent nasal discharge (73%), followed by @entity1415 (60%). Physical examination demonstrated the presence of a @entity5 of the nasal cavity in 11 @entity1 . The diagnosis was confirmed by histological examination of a biopsy completed by immunohistochemistry. CT scan of the facial bones was performed in all @entity1 of this series. The site of @entity784 was essentially nasal (12 cases). Orbital extension was observed in four cases, associated with intracranial extension in two cases and @entity3061 was observed in 11 @entity1 . Lymphomas were classified as stage IE in 74% of cases and stage IIE in 26% of cases. Only one @entity1 was lost to follow-up during treatment. Three @entity1 died before any treatment. Treatment therefore concerned 12 @entity1 . Stage IE @entity706 were treated by radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy. All @entity706 were treated by chemotherapy alone. Stage IE @entity1 had a better prognosis. CONCLUSION: Extranodal @entity784 , nasal type, is an aggressive form of @entity1893 comprising specific clinicopathological characteristics. The addition of chemotherapy for advanced stages does not appear to improve survival compared radiotherapy alone, which remains the treatment of choice especially for localized stages.

title: Extranodal XXXX , nasal type: report of 15 cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS', 'men']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphomas', 'stage IIE lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity1415 :: ('MESH:D004844', 'Disease') :: ['epistaxis']

entities_list: @entity784 :: ('MESH:D016399', 'Disease') :: ['extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma', 'NK/T-cell lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity3061 :: ('MESH:D010014', 'Disease') :: ['osteolysis']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ["non-Hodgkin's lymphoma"]

answer: @entity784 :: (MESH:D016399,Disease) :: ['NK/T-cell lymphoma']


abstract: @entity172 receptors (ER) belong to the nuclear receptor superfamily, and two subtypes, @entity1782 and @entity1783 , have been identified to date. The differentiated functions and receptor expressions of @entity1782 and @entity1783 made it attracted to discover subtype-specified ligands with high selectivity. However, these two subtypes are highly homologous and only two residues differ in the ligand binding pocket. Therefore, the mechanism of ligand selectivity has become an important issue in searching selective ligands of ER subtypes. In this study, steered molecular dynamics simulations were carried out to investigate the unbinding pathways of two selective @entity1783 ligands from the binding pocket of both @entity1782 and @entity1783 , which demonstrated that the pathway between the H11 helix and the H7 approximately H8 loop was the most probable for ligand escaping. Then potentials of mean force for ligands unbinding along this pathway were calculated in order to gain insights into the molecular basis for energetics of ligand unbinding and find clues of ligand selectivity. The results indicated that His524/475 in @entity1782 / @entity1783 acted as a "gatekeeper" during the ligand unbinding. Especially, the H7 approximately H8 loop of @entity1783 acted as a polar "transmitter" that controlled the ligand unbinding from the binding site and contributed to the ligand selectivity. Finally, the mechanism of ligand selectivity of ER subtypes was discussed from a kinetic perspective and suggestions for improving the ligand selectivity of @entity1783 were also presented. These findings could be helpful for rational design of highly selective @entity1783 ligands.

title: Computational insights into the mechanism of ligand unbinding and selectivity of XXXX receptors.

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['Estrogen']

answer: @entity172 :: (MESH:D004967,Chemical) :: ['estrogen']


abstract: In prospective observational studies and retrospective case control studies performed throughout the world, low serum levels of high-density lipoprotein @entity165 (HDL-C) are consistently associated with increased risk for all forms of @entity731 and its clinical sequelae, including @entity583 , @entity64 , and @entity944 . In contrast, high serum levels of this lipoprotein are associated with reduced risk for these outcomes. The metabolism of high-density lipoproteins (HDLs) is complex, and a very large number of genetic polymorphisms influence the serum level of HDL particles in any given individual. A significant question in cardiovascular medicine is whether or not prospectively raising HDL in @entity1 at risk is associated with significant reductions in @entity65 and rates of @entity731 progression. A recent comprehensive meta-analysis that incorporated the results of 108 prospective clinical trials suggests that the answer to this question is "no" with currently available lipid modifying therapies. However, a number of individual clinical trials and other meta-analyses suggest that, in fact, raising HDL does beneficially impact risk for @entity65 and slows progression or even reverses @entity731 . HDL appears to antagonize atherogenesis and drive a number of vasculoprotective phenomena. It has antioxidative, anti-proliferative, anti- @entity715 , and anti-inflammatory properties and potentiates reverse @entity165 transport. Under some conditions, the proteosome of HDL can change, rendering it pro-inflammatory and pro-oxidative. This paper explores many of the key questions surrounding HDL-C and why probing its efficacy may not be entirely amenable to a meta-analysis. Numerous drugs are in development which have the capacity to raise HDL-C dramatically. It is hoped that these agents will be able to provide us with a more definitive answer about the clinical efficacy of raising HDL-C, and what specific approaches will be necessary in @entity1 with specific genetic and metabolic backgrounds in both the primary and secondary prevention settings.

title: Should we target HDL XXXX level in lowering cardiovascular risk?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity944 :: ('MESH:D003645', 'Disease') :: ['sudden death']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombotic']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis', 'atherosclerotic disease']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular events']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity165 :: (MESH:D002784,Chemical) :: ['cholesterol']


abstract: PURPOSE: To reduce the time from symptom onset to treatment with @entity1456 (tPA) in @entity385 , an ambulance was equipped with a CT scanner. We analyzed process and image quality of CT scanning during the pilot study regarding image quality and safety issues. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The pilot study of a @entity64 emergency mobile unit (STEMO) ran over a period of 12 weeks on 5 weekdays from 7a.m. to 6:30 p.m. A teleradiological service for the justifying indication and reporting was established. The radiographer was responsible for the performance of the CT scan on the ambulance. 64 cranial CT scans and 1 intracranial CT angiography were performed. We compared times from ambulance alarm to treatment decision (time of last brain scan) with a cohort of 50 consecutive tPA treatments before implementation of STEMO. RESULTS: 62 (95%) of the 65 scans performed had sufficient quality for reading. Technical quality was not optimal in 45 cases (69%) mainly caused by suboptimal positioning of @entity1 or eye lens protection. Motion artefacts were observed in 8 exams (12%). No safety issues occurred for team or @entity1 . 23 @entity1 were treated with thrombolysis. Time from alarm to last CT scan was 18 minutes shorter than in the tPA cohort before STEMO implementation. CONCLUSION: A teleradiological support for primary @entity64 imaging by CT on-site is feasible, quality-wise of diagnostic value and has not raised safety issues.

title: [Mobile CT: technical aspects of XXXX imaging before intravenous thrombolysis].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1456 :: ('100128998', 'Gene') :: ['tissue plasminogen activator']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['prehospital stroke']


abstract: Numerous clinical investigations that have focused on the @entity551 effects of garlic-based preparations have led to controversial results that may be partially because of differences in the composition of the preparations and in the biological responses they induce. It is possible that garlic powder tablets with a prolonged mode of action could induce more potent biological effects. In this double-blind, placebo-controlled trial with an active control arm, the @entity551 action of time-released garlic powder tablets (Allicor) was compared with that of regular garlic pills (Kwai) in 84 @entity1 with mild or moderate @entity101 . After an 8-week placebo treatment run-in phase, @entity1 were randomized either to 600 mg Allicor (n=30) or to placebo (n=20) daily for 8 weeks. In addition, in the open-label branch, @entity1 received either 2400 mg Allicor daily (n=18) or 900 mg Kwai daily (n=16). Allicor treatment (600 mg daily) resulted in a @entity551 by 7.0 mm Hg (95% confidence interval (95% CI): 5.3-8.7) and 3.8 mm Hg (95% CI: 2.7-4.8), respectively. Increasing the Allicor dosage to 2400 mg daily did not provide any additional benefit. Treatment with Kwai resulted in the same @entity551 (5.4 mm Hg, 95% CI: 1.9-8.8) as that seen with Allicor, but no @entity551 was observed with Kwai. Different effects of Allicor and Kwai on diastolic blood pressure may be because of the prolonged action of Allicor, which allows better bioavailability of the vasoactive constituents of garlic powder. The results of this study show that time-released garlic powder tablets are more effective for the treatment of mild and moderate @entity101 than are regular garlic supplements.

title: Time-released garlic powder tablets lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure in XXXX with mild and moderate @entity101 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['decrease in diastolic blood pressure', 'hypotensive', 'decrease in systolic blood pressure', 'reduction of both systolic and diastolic blood pressures']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['arterial hypertension']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['men']


abstract: The IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs) play a dual role in the regulation of the activity and bioavailability of IGFs in different tissues. Diverse evidence has shown that IGFBPs can inhibit and/or potentiate IGF actions. In this study, @entity12068 , 4, 5, and 6 were isolated in the fine flounder, a flat fish species that shows slow growth and inherent Gh resistance in muscle. Subsequently, the expression of all igfbps was assessed in the skeletal muscle of flounder that underwent different nutritional statuses. @entity10116 was not expressed in muscle during any of the nutritional conditions, whereas @entity2301 and @entity14172 were the lowest and the highest igfbps expressed respectively. A dynamic expression pattern was found in all the igfbps expressed in skeletal muscle, which depended on the nutritional status and sampling period. During the fasting period, @entity10513 , 4, and 5 were downregulated, whereas @entity2301 was upregulated during part of the fasting period. The restoration of food modulated the expression of the igfbps dynamically, showing significant changes during both the long- and short-term refeeding. @entity2301 and @entity19518 were downregulated during short-term refeeding, whereas @entity14172 was upregulated, and @entity10513 and @entity12561 remained stable. During long-term refeeding, the expression of @entity10513 , 4, 5, and 6 increased, while @entity2301 remained unchanged. In conclusion, this study shows for the first time the isolation of all igfbps in a single fish species, in addition to describing a dynamic nutritional and time-dependent response in the expression of igfbps in the skeletal muscle of a nonmammalian species.

title: Dynamic transcriptional regulation of autocrine/paracrine XXXX , 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 in the skeletal muscle of the fine flounder during different nutritional statuses.

answer: @entity10116 :: (3484,Gene) :: ['igfbp1']


abstract: AIMS: This prospective pilot study investigated the feasibility of perfusion computed tomography parameters as surrogate markers of angiogenesis and early response following @entity2857 administration in @entity1 with advanced @entity157 . METHODS: Ten @entity1 were evaluated with perfusion computed tomography before starting @entity2857 and after 3 months. Blood flow, blood volume, mean transit time, hepatic arterial fraction, and permeability surface-product were compared in @entity5 lesions and in @entity99 at baseline and at follow-up. Correlation between these parameters and changes in @entity160 levels was calculated. RESULTS: At baseline, blood volume, blood flow, hepatic arterial fraction and permeability surface values were higher in lesions compared to those in @entity99 , while mean transit time was lower (p<0.05). After @entity2857 treatment, only mean transit time was significantly increased versus baseline (p<0.05). At follow-up, plasma @entity160 levels decreased in all @entity1 . At follow-up, an inverse correlation was observed between baseline mean transit time and changes in @entity160 (r=-0.6685, p=0.0125), as well as a correlation between baseline blood flow and @entity160 (r=0.6476, p=0.0167). CONCLUSION: This pilot study suggests that after @entity2857 treatment an increase in mean transit time observed in @entity5 lesions is inversely correlated with @entity160 reductions after therapy. Mean transit time may represent a possible marker of response irrespectively of @entity160 values.

title: Assessment of response to @entity2857 in advanced XXXX using perfusion computed tomography: results of a pilot study.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity2857 :: ('MESH:C471405', 'Chemical') :: ['sorafenib']

entities_list: @entity160 :: ('174', 'Gene') :: ['alpha-fetoprotein']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic parenchyma']

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of the @entity7 ( @entity7 ) gene @entity35896 ( @entity24278 ) influences the progression of @entity157 ( @entity157 ). There have been no studies on the role of @entity7 SNP @entity35896 in @entity409 ( @entity409 ). The aim of the present study was to analyse the correlation between @entity7 SNP -634 and the clinical severity of @entity409 and @entity157 . @entity1 AND METHODS: A cross sectional study was conducted on 182 subjects (46 @entity157 , 39 liver cirrhotic/LC, 38 chronic @entity99 /CH; and 57 healthy subjects). The study was conducted from 2010 to 2014 at the Dr. Sardjito Hospital Yogyakarta, Indonesia. All subjects submitted blood serum for DNA sequencing examination using primer. The clinical data of @entity409 and @entity157 were assessed, and sVEGFR-2 was examined in 149 subjects. All data were analysed using STATA programme 11.0. RESULTS: Significant differences were observed in genotypic frequency (GG/GC/CC) between @entity157 , LC, CH and healthy subjects (p=0.004), but though no significant differences were observed between the G>G and C>G genotypic frequencies (p=0.337). The frequency of genotype GG was significantly higher than genotype GC or CC in @entity157 and was associated with declining of clinical conditions (p<0.05). No significant difference in the distribution genotypes was observed with respect to the level of sVEGFR-2 in the serum. However, we observed a significant correlation between sVEGFR-2 and clinical characteristics in LC and CH (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Genotype GG of the @entity7 SNP -634 is the dominant genotype in severe @entity409 and @entity157 . sVEGFR-2 correlates with the disease severity but is not directly associated with the SNP -634 genotype.

title: The role of XXXX @entity35896 and its soluble receptor on chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity7 :: ('7422', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor', 'VEGF']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['CLD', 'chronic liver disease']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'hepatocellular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatitis']

answer: @entity7 :: (7422,Gene) :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor']


abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the opinions and practices of peripheral nerve surgeons regarding assessment and treatment of @entity158 in @entity1 following @entity128 . Surgeons with expertise in @entity1897 and members of an international peripheral nerve society were sent an introductory letter and electronic survey by email (n = 133). Seventy members responded to the survey (49%) and 59 surgeons completed the survey (44%). For @entity1 referred for @entity2359 , 31 surgeons (52%) indicated that they always formally assess @entity158 . In @entity1 referred for @entity158 , 44 surgeons (75%) quantitatively assess @entity158 using a verbal scale (n = 24) or verbal numeric scale (n = 36). The most frequent factors considered very important in the development of chronic @entity9 were psychosocial factors (64%), mechanism of injury (59%), workers' compensation or litigation (54%), and @entity130 (48%). In @entity1 more than 6 months following injury, surgeons frequently see: cold sensitivity (54%), decreased motor function (42%), paraesthesia or @entity1183 (41%), fear of returning to work (22%), @entity9 (20%), and @entity458 (17%). Only 52% of surgeons who responded to the survey always evaluate @entity158 in @entity1 referred for @entity2359 . @entity158 assessment most frequently includes verbal @entity1 response, and assessment of psychosocial factors is rarely included. Predominately, @entity1 -related factors were considered important in the development of chronic @entity9 .

title: Evaluation of XXXX measurement practices and opinions of peripheral nerve surgeons.

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['iatrogenic injury']

entities_list: @entity128 :: ('MESH:D020209', 'Disease') :: ['nerve injury']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['emotional or psychological distress']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['upper extremity peripheral nerve injuries']

entities_list: @entity9 :: ('MESH:D009437', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathic pain']

entities_list: @entity2359 :: ('MESH:D020258', 'Disease') :: ['motor or sensory dysfunction']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: A series of experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of Win 49,596, a novel steroidal @entity342 receptor antagonist, in animal models of @entity263 . In the first experiment, oral administration of Win 49,596 at doses of 30, 100, or 300 mg/kg/day for 28 days inhibited (P less than 0.05) the growth of the @entity342 -sensitive PAP variant of the Dunning R-3327 @entity263 in intact male @entity35 relative to intact controls. The degree of inhibition at 100 and 300 mg/kg/day Win 49,596 was similar (P greater than 0.10) to that observed in castrate controls as well as in intact @entity35 administered the nonsteroidal @entity342 receptor antagonist @entity12194 orally at 15 mg/kg/day. Castration as well as treatment with either Win 49,596 or @entity12194 also decreased (P less than 0.05) the weight of the prostate in @entity5 -bearing animals. Additional studies were conducted to determine the effect of Win 49,596 on the growth of the @entity342 -dependent PC-82 @entity1 @entity263 xenografted into athymic nude male @entity19 . Oral administration of Win 49,596 at 30, 100, or 300 mg/kg/day for 35 days inhibited (P less than 0.05) @entity5 growth relative to intact controls. The degree of @entity5 inhibition was similar to that observed in intact male @entity19 administered the nonsteroidal @entity342 receptor antagonist @entity12194 orally at 30 mg/kg/day but was less than that observed following castration. @entity1069 were also reduced (P less than 0.05) in castrate @entity19 as well as in intact @entity19 administered either Win 49,596 or @entity12194 . In the last experiment, at equivalent total daily dosages of either 150 or 300 mg/kg/day Win 49,596, twice a day (BID) dosing was more effective than once a day ( @entity6884 ) dosing in inhibiting @entity5 growth. The inhibitory effects of Win 49,596 at 150 mg/kg BID on @entity5 growth were similar to those observed following castration. Although Win 49,596 treatment reduced (P less than 0.05) ventral prostate weights relative to intact controls, there was no difference (P greater than 0.10) between @entity6884 vs. BID dosing. Based on the results of these studies and subject to further testing, Win 49,596 may have utility in the treatment of hormonally dependent @entity263 in @entity1 .

title: Evaluation of Win 49,596, a novel steroidal XXXX receptor antagonist, in animal models of @entity263 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostatic carcinoma', 'metastatic prostate cancer', 'prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity1069 :: ('MESH:D053448', 'Disease') :: ['Ventral prostate weights']

entities_list: @entity12194 :: ('MESH:D005485', 'Chemical') :: ['flutamide']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen']

answer: @entity342 :: (CHEBI:50113,Chemical) :: ['androgen']


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate the prognostic value of @entity41 ( @entity41 ) assessment in @entity1 with @entity1582 treated in the MRC (Medical Research Council) @entity1582 IX trial. @entity1 AND METHODS: Multiparameter flow cytometry (MFC) was used to assess @entity41 after induction therapy (n = 378) and at day 100 after @entity8 ( @entity8 ; n = 397) in intensive-pathway @entity1 and at the end of induction therapy in non-intensive-pathway @entity1 (n = 245). RESULTS: In intensive-pathway @entity1 , absence of @entity41 at day 100 after @entity8 was highly predictive of a favorable outcome (PFS, P < .001; OS, P = .0183). This outcome advantage was demonstrable in @entity1 with favorable and adverse cytogenetics (PFS, P = .014 and P < .001, respectively) and in @entity1 achieving immunofixation-negative complete response (CR; PFS, P = .0068). The effect of maintenance @entity2816 was assessed, with the shortest PFS demonstrable in those @entity41 -positive @entity1 who did not receive maintenance and longest in those who were @entity41 negative and did receive @entity2816 (P < .001). Further analysis demonstrated that 28% of @entity41 -positive @entity1 who received maintenance @entity2816 became @entity41 negative. @entity41 assessment after induction therapy in the non-intensive-pathway @entity1 did not seem to be predictive of outcome (PFS, P = .1). CONCLUSION: @entity41 assessment by MFC was predictive of overall outcome in @entity1 with @entity1582 undergoing @entity8 . This predictive value was seen in @entity1 achieving conventional CR as well as @entity1 with favorable and adverse cytogenetics. The effects of maintenance strategies can also be evaluated, and our data suggest that maintenance @entity2816 can eradicate @entity41 in some @entity1 .

title: Minimal residual disease assessed by multiparameter flow cytometry in XXXX : impact on outcome in the Medical Research Council @entity1582 IX Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['autologous stem-cell transplantation', 'ASCT']

entities_list: @entity41 :: ('MESH:D018365', 'Disease') :: ['MRD', 'minimal residual disease']

entities_list: @entity2816 :: ('MESH:D013792', 'Chemical') :: ['thalidomide']

entities_list: @entity1582 :: ('MESH:D009101', 'Disease') :: ['multiple myeloma', 'myeloma', 'Myeloma']

answer: @entity1582 :: (MESH:D009101,Disease) :: ['multiple myeloma']


abstract: The diagnosis of JAS in 19 of the 24 @entity1 with oligo-articular and the polyarticular subtypes of @entity309 established primarily was reexamined. Coexistence of JAS and @entity309 was found in 4 of the 19 @entity1 with JAS. Of the 19 @entity1 with JAS, 18 were male and 1 was female. The mean age of onset of the disease was 12.6 years (ranging from 8 to 16). @entity625 was the first symptom in all the 19 @entity1 , predominantly in the joints of knee, hip and ankle. 69% of the 13 @entity1 with hip involvement developed @entity85 . Twelve @entity1 had @entity158 . @entity625 occurred in 7 of the 19. There was X-ray evidence of sacroilitis in all the JAS @entity1 . In 3 of the 19 @entity1 ' families, all the family members had @entity1691 . Laboratory investigations confirmed the presence of @entity1530 and absence of RF and ANA in these 19 @entity1 . The study shows that early findings of JAS are not easy to distinguish from those of @entity309 and that the diagnosis of JAS should be considered for a @entity1 of teenage with chronic @entity625 .

title: [Juvenile XXXX (JAS) and @entity309 ( @entity309 )].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'boy']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['Arthritis', 'arthritis', 'Peripheral arthritis']

entities_list: @entity1691 :: ('MESH:D013167', 'Disease') :: ['ankylosing spondylitis']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['lumbosacral pain']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['deformity']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'JRA']

answer: @entity1691 :: (MESH:D013167,Disease) :: ['ankylosing spondylitis']


abstract: @entity32429 antagonists reportedly improve early postischemic neurological recovery and cerebral blood flow in selected experimental models. Their effects on @entity2657 have, however, not been examined. In a @entity35 model of right hemispheric percussive @entity131 , we examined the effects of two @entity32429 antagonists on posttraumatic @entity4 formation. Two groups of @entity35 received either @entity3766 (n = 14) or @entity6849 (n = 11), 10 mg/kg i.v. at 15 min posttrauma. Two other groups treated with the @entity3766 (n = 17) and @entity6849 (n = 10) vehicles served as controls. Hemispheric percent brain water was determined at 24 h. @entity4 occurred in all groups. Neither @entity32429 antagonist significantly reduced right hemispheric percent brain water (81.08 +/- 0.25 and 81.04 +/- 0.15 in @entity3766 and @entity6849 -treated @entity35 , respectively, versus 81.31 +/- 0.23 and 81.14 +/- 0.17% brain water in @entity3766 vehicle and @entity6849 vehicle-treated @entity35 ). Mortality was not statistically different between groups. These data do not support a major role for PAF in the development of @entity2657 .

title: Platelet-activating factor antagonists do not attenuate delayed @entity2657 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral trauma']

entities_list: @entity2657 :: ('MESH:D001929', 'Disease') :: ['posttraumatic cerebral edema']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['edema', 'Edema']

entities_list: @entity32429 :: ('58949(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['Platelet-activating factor (PAF) receptor', 'PAF receptor']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: PURPOSE: We recently demonstrated that in @entity4940 ( @entity4940 ) highly stereotyped minor motor events (MMEs, in the form of short-lasting stereotyped movements involving the limbs, the axial musculature, and/or the head), could occur in either the presence or absence of an @entity302 ( @entity302 ). In lack of a systematic analysis, both MMEs and @entity26144 were frequently observed to occur in association with arousal fluctuations. Hereby, in the same group of refractory @entity4940 subjects, we report a methodical neurophysiolgical investigation set out to investigate whether, and how, the arousal mechanism, monitored through visual scoring of the cyclic alternating pattern, modulates the expression of MMEs and @entity26144 . METHODS: The relationship of MMEs, @entity26144 and arousal fluctuation was assessed in subjects explored using implanted electrodes. RESULTS: The occurrence of both @entity26144 and MMEs was associated with higher level of arousal (p < 0.0001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis shows a significant effect of interaction of @entity25 (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Both MMEs and @entity26144 are associated with arousal. We suggest that recurrence of @entity26144 in itself can induce an increase in arousal level, which in turn, through a gate effect, facilitate the occurrence of MMEs. Thus, MMEs wouldn't be a direct effect of @entity26144 , but rather originate from an indirect effect related to loss of cortical inhibition, which is secondary to arousal. In this perspective MMEs may be regarded as the result of aspecific dishinibition, triggered by internal epileptiform stimuli, of innate motor patterns generated by central pattern generators (CPGs). The CPG system might represent, through arousal facilitation, the substrate of the heterogeneous expression of MMEs in @entity4940 .

title: Coupling of minor motor events and @entity302 with arousal fluctuations in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['ED', 'epileptiform discharge']

entities_list: @entity4940 :: ('MESH:D017034', 'Disease') :: ['nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy', 'NFLE']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['EDs and MMEs during CAP sleep']

answer: @entity4940 :: (MESH:D017034,Disease) :: ['NFLE']


abstract: Examination with an optical microscope and polarised light is not sensitive enough to detect low diameter @entity1355 fibres. This limitation implies that some cases of @entity1355 can be erroneously diagnosed as @entity2416 ( @entity2416 ) if @entity1355 bodies are not found in the standard examination of abnormal tissue. To determine whether @entity2416 is over-diagnosed, a study was carried out with @entity4653 ( @entity4653 ) and energy dispersive x ray analysis (EDXA) on 25 samples previously diagnosed as @entity2416 at the standard examination. Scanning electron microscopy will show the presence of low diameter fibres in the lung without tissue destruction, and these fibres can be identified using EDXA. The quantitative and qualitative results for lung tissue from @entity1 diagnosed as having @entity2416 were compared with the results of the examination of 25 samples of normal lung. Most of the samples from @entity1 diagnosed as having @entity2416 showed only occasional inorganic particles (less than 10 particles/ @entity4653 field at 160 x), results equivalent to the results obtained in normal lung. Two cases of @entity2416 , however, showed innumerable @entity1355 fibres (greater than 100 fibres/ @entity4653 field). One of these two @entity1 had an antecedent of brief exposure to @entity1355 . No environmental antecedent was found in the second @entity1 . @entity1355 was the final diagnosis for these two @entity1 . The examination of inorganic particles in normal lungs showed mainly non-fibrous silicates (61.4%) and particles of heavy elements (34.9%). Only one @entity1355 fibre was found (0.9%). It is concluded that standard pathological techniques overdiagnose @entity2416 in a few cases in which @entity1355 bodies are not found with the optical microscope.

title: Lung dust content in @entity2416 : a study with XXXX and energy dispersive x ray analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2416 :: ('MESH:D054990', 'Disease') :: ['IPF', 'idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity1355 :: ('MESH:D001195', 'Disease') :: ['asbestos', 'asbestosis', 'Asbestosis']

entities_list: @entity4653 :: ('MESH:D004401', 'Disease') :: ['SEM', 'scanning electron microscopy']

answer: @entity4653 :: (MESH:D004401,Disease) :: ['scanning electron microscopy']


abstract: The aetiology of @entity135 ( @entity135 ), one subgroup of postpubertal @entity483 ( @entity483 ), is still unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence on @entity135 of common environmental factors, long-term topical @entity134 use, and the role of @entity281 . Relevant information was obtained from 100 @entity1 with @entity135 attending our dermatology clinic by means of both physical examinations and questionnaires. @entity228 -induced vasoconstriction was estimated by visual scoring of laser-Doppler flowmetry. and the following immunological studies were performed: skin prick test, measurement of total IgE, eosinophil cationic protein, and specific IgE antibodies to several fungal antigens including those of M. furfur. The questionnaire revealed that sweating (81%), heat (71%), dryness (70%), psychic stress (67%), and sun exposure (50%) were responsible for aggravation of @entity272 . The vascular response to topical @entity134 was reduced in @entity135 @entity1 as compared with that of normal healthy controls (P < 0.05). Fifty-four of 80 @entity1 with @entity135 (68%) had anti M. furfur-specific IgE antibodies and 36 of 80 @entity1 (45%) showed positive skin prick tests for M. furfur. The clinical severity and serum total IgE of @entity135 @entity1 were higher in @entity1 with positive response to anti-M. furfur-specific IgE antibodies than in @entity1 with negative response (P < 0.05). These results suggest that @entity135 can be aggravated not only by M. furfur but also by environmental factors such as sweating, heat, dryness, psychic stress and sun exposure. Furthermore, long-term use of topical @entity134 might be associated with the development of diffuse @entity75 with @entity8721 on the head and neck areas.

title: Head and neck dermatitis: the role of Malassezia furfur, topical XXXX use and environmental factors in its causation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['HND', 'head and neck dermatitis']

entities_list: @entity483 :: ('MESH:D003876', 'Disease') :: ['atopic dermatitis', 'AD']

entities_list: @entity8721 :: ('MESH:D013684', 'Disease') :: ['telangiectasia']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['erythematous lesions']

entities_list: @entity228 :: ('CHEBI:50858', 'Chemical') :: ['Corticosteroid']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['Malassezia furfur infection']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin lesions']

answer: @entity134 :: (CHEBI:35341,Chemical) :: ['steroid']


abstract: PURPOSE: Our study investigated the influence of recombinant @entity1 @entity1307 (rHuEPO) treatment, inducing raised hemoglobin levels in nonanemic @entity19 , on intratumor oxygenation before and during fractionated irradiation. Furthermore, the consequences of rHuEPO administration on @entity5 response to fractionated radiotherapy (RT) were evaluated. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Experiments were performed on two @entity1 @entity11 (GBM Nan1 and @entity8001 ) xenografted in @entity19 . RHuEPO was daily delivered (0.3 IU/g/day, 5 days/week). Tumor @entity519 was assessed before (T1) and during (T6) fractionated irradiation using (1) pO(2)-Histograph (Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany) and (2) the EF5-binding assay. Vascular density was determined using type IV collagen immunostaining. To assess RT efficacy, the irradiation schedule was 20 fractions of 2 Gy, once daily, 5 days/week over 4 weeks. RESULTS: At T1, hemoglobin levels in rHuEPO-treated @entity19 were significantly increased. Percentage of pO(2) values <2.5 mm Hg was reduced in rHuEPO-treated @entity5 as compared with control groups (37.1 +/- 19.1% vs. 58.5 +/- 27.0%; p = 0.009 for GBM Nan1; 81.6 +/- 13.4% vs. 91.5 +/- 8.3%; p = 0.035 for @entity8001 ). The decrease of viable @entity519 @entity5 cells fraction after rHuEPO was confirmed by the EF5-binding assay. Vascular density was not altered after rHuEPO treatment. At T6, rHuEPO reduced the @entity519 fraction by about 20% (p = 0.036 and p = 0.171) in GBM Nan1 and @entity8001 @entity5 . RHuEPO did not influence @entity5 growth by itself. RT alone or combined with rHuEPO induced a significant @entity5 growth delay. Finally, rHuEPO significantly enhanced RT efficacy (p = 0.012 in GBM Nan1 and p = 0.037 in @entity8001 ), resulting in radiopotentiation ratios of 1.21 and 1.54 for respective models. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that rHuEPO, by enhancing blood @entity26 -carrying capacity, decreases @entity5 and maintains its effect during fractionated irradiation in @entity11 xenografts. Therefore, rHuEPO contributes to radiosensitize these @entity5 .

title: @entity1307 -induced reduction of XXXX before and during fractionated irradiation contributes to improvement of radioresponse in @entity1 @entity11 xenografts.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'irradiated tumors', 'intrinsic tumor hypoxia', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity1307 :: ('2056', 'Gene') :: ['erythropoietin']

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['malignant glioma']

entities_list: @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxic', 'hypoxia']

answer: @entity519 :: (MESH:D000860,Disease) :: ['hypoxia']


abstract: In Egypt, b- @entity2395 is the most common @entity14451 . @entity299 , secondary to @entity68 overload with formation of @entity26 free radicals, is the most common cause of death in b- @entity2395 @entity1 . This study was designed to determine whether the allelic genotype of @entity2204 ( @entity2204 ), which exhibits antioxidant properties, could represent a genetic risk factor for the development of @entity1002 in b- @entity2395 major. Fifty @entity2395 major @entity1 were subjected to echocardiography to assess LV function. @entity2204 genotyping by polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was done for all @entity1 in addition to 50 age and sex matched healthy control subjects. @entity1 were classified into three groups. Group I and II were clinically asymptomatic. Group II subjects had evidence of @entity5988 , while Group III @entity1 had clinical and echocardiographic findings of LV failure. @entity2204 allele was significantly higher among Group II and III than in controls. In conclusion, @entity2204 allele can be considered as a genetic risk factor for @entity1002 in b-thalassemic @entity1 . It could be used as predictive indicator for additional risk of LV failure, particularly in asymptomatic @entity1 with @entity5988 , requiring a closer follow-up, to prevent further disease progression.

title: XXXX gene polymorphism and the risk of left ventricular dysfunction among @entity2395 major.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5988 :: ('MESH:C565277', 'Disease') :: ['LV dilatation']

entities_list: @entity2204 :: ('348', 'Gene') :: ['Apo E', 'apolipoprotein E', 'Apo E4']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular (LV) dysfunction', 'LV dysfunctions']

entities_list: @entity2395 :: ('MESH:D013789', 'Disease') :: ['Egyptian b-thalassemia', 'thalassemia']

entities_list: @entity14451 :: ('MESH:D000745', 'Disease') :: ['hereditary hemolytic anemia']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['Cardiac dysfunction']

answer: @entity2204 :: (348,Gene) :: ['Apolipoprotein E']


abstract: PURPOSE: We examined in a prospective, randomized, international clinical trial the performance of a previously defined 30-gene predictor (DLDA-30) of pathologic complete response (pCR) to preoperative weekly @entity1311 and @entity1487 , @entity632 , and @entity786 (T/ @entity7366 ) chemotherapy, and assessed if DLDA-30 also predicts increased sensitivity to @entity7366 -only chemotherapy. We compared the pCR rates after T/ @entity7366 versus FACx6 preoperative chemotherapy. We also did an exploratory analysis to identify novel candidate genes that differentially predict response in the two treatment arms. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Two hundred and seventy-three @entity1 were randomly assigned to receive either weekly @entity1311 * 12 followed by @entity7366 * 4 (T/ @entity7366 , n = 138), or @entity7366 * 6 (n = 135) neoadjuvant chemotherapy. All @entity1 underwent a pretreatment fine-needle aspiration biopsy of the @entity5 for gene expression profiling and treatment response prediction. RESULTS: The pCR rates were 19% and 9% in the T/ @entity7366 and @entity7366 arms, respectively (P < 0.05). In the T/ @entity7366 arm, the positive predictive value ( @entity2286 ) of the genomic predictor was 38% [95% confidence interval (95% CI), 21-56%], the negative predictive value was 88% (95% CI, 77-95%), and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was 0.711. In the @entity7366 arm, the @entity2286 was 9% (95% CI, 1-29%) and the AUC was 0.584. This suggests that the genomic predictor may have regimen specificity. Its performance was similar to a clinical variable-based predictor nomogram. CONCLUSIONS: Gene expression profiling for prospective response prediction was feasible in this international trial. The 30-gene predictor can identify @entity1 with greater than average sensitivity to T/ @entity7366 chemotherapy. However, it captured molecular equivalents of clinical phenotype. Next-generation predictive markers will need to be developed separately for different molecular subsets of @entity0 .

title: Evaluation of a 30-gene XXXX , @entity1487 , @entity632 , and @entity786 chemotherapy response predictor in a multicenter randomized trial in @entity0 .

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancers']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorouracil']

answer: @entity1311 :: (MESH:D017239,Chemical) :: ['paclitaxel']