abstract: BACKGROUND: There is significant variation between physicians in terms of how they perform therapeutic bronchoscopy, but there are few data on whether these differences impact effectiveness. METHODS: This was a multicenter registry study of @entity1 undergoing therapeutic bronchoscopy for malignant central @entity1224 . The primary outcome was technical success, defined as reopening the airway lumen to > 50% of normal. Secondary outcomes were @entity1353 as measured by the Borg score and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) as measured by the SF-6D. RESULTS: Fifteen centers performed 1,115 procedures on 947 @entity1 . Technical success was achieved in 93% of procedures. Center success rates ranged from 90% to 98% (P = .02). Endobronchial obstruction and stent placement were associated with success, whereas American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) score > 3, @entity177 , primary @entity2 , @entity66 , and @entity4501 were associated with failure. Clinically significant improvements in @entity1353 occurred in 90 of 187 @entity1 measured (48%). Greater baseline @entity1353 was associated with greater improvements in @entity1353 , whereas smoking, having @entity5 , and lobar obstruction were associated with smaller improvements. Clinically significant improvements in HRQOL occurred in 76 of 183 @entity1 measured (42%). Greater baseline @entity1353 was associated with greater improvements in HRQOL, and lobar obstruction was associated with smaller improvements. CONCLUSIONS: Technical success rates were high overall, with the highest success rates associated with stent placement and endobronchial obstruction. Therapeutic bronchoscopy should not be withheld from @entity1 based solely on an assessment of risk, since @entity1 with the most @entity1353 and lowest functional status benefitted the most.

title: Therapeutic bronchoscopy for malignant central @entity1224 : success rates and impact on XXXX and quality of life.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['left mainstem disease']

entities_list: @entity4501 :: ('MESH:D014138', 'Disease') :: ['tracheoesophageal fistula']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['multiple cancers']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity1224 :: ('MESH:D000402', 'Disease') :: ['airway obstruction']

answer: @entity1353 :: (MESH:D004417,Disease) :: ['dyspnea']


abstract: @entity63 and reperfusion impair the inherent capacity of the heart to protect itself from related pathophysiologic events by reducing endogenous @entity26 radical scavengers and inhibitors. However, other endogenously produced agents, notably @entity859 and @entity842 , are produced during @entity63 , reperfusion, or both. These autacoids have several cardioprotection actions in common, particularly antineutrophil effects and inhibition of endothelial-neutrophil interactions, which are key initial steps in @entity5721 . Studies have shown that @entity842 exerts cardioprotection primarily during reperfusion. @entity859 , on the other hand, protects the myocardium to some extent during both @entity63 and reperfusion, thereby covering both periods during which @entity296 may be sustained during a cardiac operation. Native @entity859 or active analogues, or donors of @entity842 , may be given before or in conjunction with cardioplegia solutions. However, these endogenous agents can also be pharmacologically recruited to provide a new potent therapeutic approach against surgical @entity5721 . This article reviews the cardioprotective effects of primarily endogenous @entity842 and @entity859 in both nonsurgical and surgical models of @entity63 -reperfusion injury. Both @entity859 and @entity842 provide potent cardioprotection in surgical and nonsurgical models of @entity63 -reperfusion. An important mechanism in this cardioprotection is attenuation of neutrophil-mediated damage.

title: Reduction in surgical @entity5721 with @entity859 and XXXX therapy.

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial injury']

entities_list: @entity859 :: ('MESH:D000241', 'Chemical') :: ['Adenosine', 'adenosine']

entities_list: @entity5721 :: ('MESH:D015427', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic-reperfusion injury']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['Ischemia', 'ischemia']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

answer: @entity842 :: (MESH:D009569,Chemical) :: ['nitric oxide']


abstract: The @entity470 ( @entity470 ) gene is frequently amplified and the receptor overexpressed in different types of @entity1 @entity5 . Furthermore, genomic rearrangements can cause expression of modified receptors, as one frequently occurring truncated form, EGFRvIII. This mutated receptor has previously been described and is formed by a 267- @entity535 in-frame deletion and an insertion of a @entity2228 in the fusion junction of the extracellular domain. EGFRvIII is a @entity5 -specific marker and therefore of interest for diagnostic and therapeutic applications. In this study we report on a new monoclonal antibody (Ua30:2) directed to the mutation site of EGFRvIII. The antibody was generated by immunization of @entity19 with a synthetic peptide corresponding to the mutated sequence of the receptor. The affinity of Ua30:2 was found to be high [K(d) = 45 nM (Biacore) and 80 nM (saturation analysis)]. Immunohistochemistry in tissue sections from @entity1 @entity11 demonstrated a similar expression pattern for Ua30:2 as for the recently characterized antibodies L8A4 and DH8.3. The antibody binding was EGFRvIII specific with no measurable cross-reactivity to the wild-type receptor, wtEGFR, as analyzed both with displacement analysis, Western blots and immunohistochemistry. The new antibody is a candidate for radioimmunotargeting aiming at diagnostic and therapeutic applications.

title: A new antibody recognizing the vIII mutation of @entity1 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2228 :: ('CHEBI:57305', 'Chemical') :: ['glycine']

entities_list: @entity470 :: ('1956', 'Gene') :: ['EGFR', 'epidermal growth factor receptor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['gliomas']

answer: @entity470 :: (1956,Gene) :: ['epidermal growth factor receptor']


abstract: Classical @entity774 ( @entity774 ) is characterized by the defects in @entity701 and @entity1369 secretion, and accompanied with @entity774 . It is likely that the impaired adrenocortical function and intermittent treatment-related @entity699 may predispose @entity1 to the development of @entity209 in adulthood. Our aim was to assess the impact of @entity3428 on metabolic profiles in @entity774 @entity1 without glucocorticosteroid treatment. We evaluated the clinical characteristics and metabolic profiles in 30 untreated Chinese female adults with simple virilizing @entity774 (SV- @entity774 ). Mutation analysis was performed by sequencing the entire 21-hydroxylase gene ( @entity4414 ). As compared with the controls, @entity774 @entity1 had higher BMI (BMI, 21.5  2.1 vs. 20.0  1.8 kg/m2, P<0.05), higher 2 h post-load plasma @entity413 levels (6. 35  1.74 vs. 5. 35  1.17 mmol/l, P<0.05), higher serum @entity1674 (TG) (1.12  0.64 vs. 0.63  0.15 mmol/l, P<0.01), and lower high-density lipoprotein @entity165 (HDL-c) (1.30  0.39 vs. 1.67  0.29 mmol/l, P<0.01). Moreover, @entity774 @entity1 had higher fasting insulin and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (1.81  0.99 vs. 1.24  0.50, P<0.05), while /\Ins30//\ @entity367 30 showed no statistically significant difference in two groups. In addition, a marked reduction of serum @entity1254 levels were observed in @entity774 @entity1 (7.0  3.3 vs. 13.2  4.8  g/ml, P<0.001), however, serum CRP levels were not different between @entity1 and the controls. Further regression analysis showed that higher serum @entity251 concentrations were associated with @entity209 indexes and reduction of serum @entity1254 . Our study demonstrates that untreated @entity774 @entity1 are prone to have @entity209 in association with elevated serum @entity251 levels and reduced insulin insensitivity.

title: @entity209 in newly diagnosed young adult female XXXX with simple virilizing 21-hydroxylase deficiency.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity1369 :: ('MESH:D000450', 'Chemical') :: ['aldosterone']

entities_list: @entity3428 :: ('MESH:D017588', 'Disease') :: ['hyperandrogenism']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity699 :: ('MESH:D003480', 'Disease') :: ['hypercortisolism']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic disorder', 'metabolic disorders', 'metabolic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

entities_list: @entity774 :: ('MESH:D000312', 'Disease') :: ['adrenal hyperandrogenism', 'congenital adrenal hyperplasia', 'CAH']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Some surgically resected @entity157 ( @entity157 ) up to 2 cm in diameter have indistinct margins, and it is sometimes difficult to identify the margins of the @entity5 nodule in the resected specimen. We classified @entity5 as small @entity157 with indistinct margins and carried out a morphological study to define their characteristics in comparison with small @entity157 with distinct margins as a control group. We have encountered 27 examples among 86 @entity5 smaller than 2.0 cm in diameter. The @entity5 of this type indistinctly retained the basic architecture of the background and were vaguely demarcated. Most @entity5 were uniformly composed of well-differentiated @entity5 tissue, which is characterized by increased cell density with increased nuclear/cytoplasm ratio, increased cytoplasmic eosinophilia, and irregular thin-trabecular pattern with occasional pseudoglandular pattern. Portal tracts were included within the cancerous tissue. There was a "replacing" growth pattern at the @entity5 /nontumor boundary. Four of the 27 lesions had a nodule-in-nodule appearance, and the inner nodules consisted of moderately differentiated @entity157 without portal tracts. In all of the small @entity157 with indistinct margins, @entity5 invasion into the portal vein and intrahepatic @entity3 were not found. In a control group, the @entity5 were well-demarcated, and 53% of them were encapsulated. They were well-differentiated in 9, moderately differentiated in 38 and mixed well and moderately in 12. Tumor invasion into the portal vein and intrahepatic @entity3 was found in 16 (27.1%) and 6 (10.2%), respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Pathomorphologic characteristics of @entity157 : a special reference to XXXX with indistinct margins.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'such tumors', 'cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'small hepatocellular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['small hepatocellular carcinoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity174 are common in @entity1 with @entity170 , a chronic condition requiring long-term treatment with anti- @entity3604 treatments. Therefore, it is important to assess sustainability of antifracture efficacy. METHODS: A review of the literature to determine pivotal vertebral fracture studies for oral @entity171 ( @entity7923 , @entity562 and @entity561 ), @entity176 , and @entity441 and to evaluate vertebral antifracture efficacy over time. RESULTS: Data from the BONE trial showed that @entity7923 sustained vertebral antifracture efficacy over time (58% vertebral fracture risk reduction in first year p = 0.0561, increased to 62% for years 0-3; p < 0.001). The Vertebral Efficacy with @entity562 Therapy-North America (VERT-NA) and VERT-multi-national (VERT-MN) studies demonstrated that the relative risk reduction (RRR) with @entity562 versus placebo decreased over time (VERT-NA: 65% for first year to 41% for years 0-3; VERT-MN: 61% for first year to 49% for years 0-3). Data from the Fracture Intervention Trial (FIT) I trial with @entity561 showed that the RRR in the cumulative incidence of new vertebral fractures versus placebo decreased from 62% for years 0-2 to 47% for years 0-3. Similar decreases in RRR over time were reported with @entity176 in the Spinal @entity170 Therapeutic Intervention study (SOTI; 49% for first year to 33% for years 0-4) and Treatment of Peripheral @entity170 Study (TROPOS; 45% for first year to 24% for years 0-5). No clear trend exists for sustained efficacy over time with @entity441 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity174 protection could be interpreted to decrease over time with @entity561 , @entity562 and @entity176 , and may be due to multiple factors. @entity7923 sustained vertebral antifracture efficacy over time.

title: Sustained vertebral antifracture efficacy of oral anti- XXXX therapies in @entity170 .

entities_list: @entity3604 :: ('MESH:D058866', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporotic']

entities_list: @entity171 :: ('MESH:D004164', 'Chemical') :: ['bisphosphonates']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['Vertebral fracture', 'Vertebral fractures']

entities_list: @entity561 :: ('MESH:D019386', 'Chemical') :: ['alendronate']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['postmenopausal osteoporosis', 'Osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity7923 :: ('MESH:C073007', 'Chemical') :: ['Ibandronate', 'ibandronate']

entities_list: @entity562 :: ('MESH:C073008', 'Chemical') :: ['risedronate', 'Risedronate']

entities_list: @entity176 :: ('MESH:C081587', 'Chemical') :: ['strontium ranelate']

entities_list: @entity441 :: ('MESH:D020849', 'Chemical') :: ['raloxifene']

answer: @entity3604 :: (MESH:D058866,Disease) :: ['osteoporotic']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A population-based prevalent group of 150 clinical definite @entity1 ascertained on 1 January 1977, in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, was followed for 30 years. OBJECTIVES: To outline the clinical characteristics, determine the levels of disability at 15, 25, 35, 40, and 45 years after onset, to estimate the survival after onset and life expectancy. METHODS: Clinical records were maintained, and the cohort reviewed each decade for 30 years. The disability levels according to the Kurtzke Extended Disability Status Scale were recorded and survival times were estimated. SPSS and Kaplan-Meier methods were used for analysis. RESULTS: On prevalence day, 1 January 1977, there were 48 (32%) @entity1 and 102 (68%) @entity1 , with an average age of onset of 32.2 +/- 10 years and 28.4 +/- 8.6 years. The average duration of disease was 15.7 years. On 1 January 2007, 39 (26%) @entity1 were living, 105 (70%) deceased, and 6 (4%) were missing The disability levels recorded in 1977 and 2007, at 15 and 45 years after onset, were mild (EDSS < or = 2.5), 33.3% and 8.0%; moderate (EDSS3-5.5), 17.3% and 2.7%; severe (EDSS6-7.5), 6.6% and 4.7%; maximum (EDSS8-9.5), 22.7% and 10.7%. The median survival time after onset was 33 (95% CI: 27.3-38.6) years for @entity1 and 38 (95% CI: 34.1-41.9) years for @entity1 . The median duration of life was 68.9 years for @entity1 and 69.5 years for @entity1 , and a decreased life expectancy of 7.7 and 12.8 years. CONCLUSIONS: @entity15 is a progressive @entity16 and long-term survival is associated with moderate to severe disability and decreased life expectancy.

title: Disability and survival of XXXX in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological disorder']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['Multiple sclerosis']

answer: @entity15 :: (MESH:D009103,Disease) :: ['multiple sclerosis']


abstract: Cellular integrins were identified as @entity4538 ) entry receptors and signaling mediators in both fibroblasts and endothelial cells. The goal of these studies was to determine the mechanism by which HCMV binds to cellular integrins to mediate virus entry. HCMV envelope glycoprotein B (gB) has sequence similarity to the integrin-binding disintegrin-like domain found in the ADAM (a disintegrin and metalloprotease) family of proteins. To test the ability of this region to bind to cellular integrins, we generated a recombinant soluble version of the gB disintegrin-like domain (gB- @entity24475 ). The gB- @entity24475 protein bound to @entity1 fibroblasts in a specific, dose-dependent and saturable manner that required the expression of an intact @entity2393 ectodomain. Furthermore, a physical association between gB- @entity24475 and @entity2393 was demonstrated through in vitro pull-down assays. The function of this interaction was shown by the ability of cell-bound gB- @entity24475 to efficiently block HCMV entry and the infectivity of multiple in vivo target cells. Additionally, rabbit polyclonal antibodies raised against gB- @entity24475 neutralized HCMV infection. Mimicry of the ADAM family disintegrin-like domain by HCMV gB represents a novel mechanism for integrin engagement by a virus and reveals a unique therapeutic target for HCMV neutralization. The strong conservation of the @entity24475 across beta- and gammaherpesviruses suggests that integrin recognition and utilization may be a more broadly conserved feature throughout the Herpesviridae.

title: The glycoprotein B disintegrin-like domain binds XXXX to mediate cytomegalovirus entry.

entities_list: @entity4538 :: ('10359', 'Species') :: ['human cytomegalovirus (HCMV']

answer: @entity2393 :: (3688,Gene) :: ['beta 1 integrin']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: We investigated tolerable doses to organs at risk (OARs) in the mediastinum and pulmonary hilum following stereotactic body radiotherapy for centrally located @entity2 . METHODS: Between 2005 and 2012, 381 @entity1 with @entity2 were treated with stereotactic body radiotherapy of 40 to 60 Gy in five fractions. From among these @entity1 , we extracted those who received greater than 25 Gy irradiation to OARs and analyzed dosimetric factors in relation to grade 3 to 5 @entity137 . RESULTS: In total, 398 OARs in 133 @entity1 were analyzed, with a median follow-up of 33 (range, 3-87) months. The numbers receiving greater than 25 Gy irradiation to the aorta, vena cava, pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein, bronchus, @entity825 , heart, and esophagus were 72, 33, 73, 60, 55, 13, 69, and 23, respectively. The corresponding median Dmax 0.5 ml were 43.8, 32.0, 32.2, 29.1, 28.4, 28.7, 41.1, and 21.7 Gy. Of these @entity1 , two developed grade 5 and one grade 3 hemoptysis, and two had grade 3 obstructive @entity55 . Two @entity1 with grade 5 hemoptysis received high doses at the pulmonary artery and bronchus (59.2 and 54.4 Gy, and 61.3 and 59.6 Gy, respectively). No other grade 3 to 5 @entity137 occurred. CONCLUSION: Therapeutic indications and dose-intensity should be carefully determined for @entity1 with central @entity5 , especially when doses to the pulmonary artery and bronchus in the pulmonary hilum exceed 50 Gy. Tolerable doses for other OARs might, however, be higher than in this study, though longer follow-up is necessary to assess this possibility.

title: @entity137 of organs at risk in the mediastinal and hilar regions following stereotactic body radiotherapy for centrally located XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung tumors']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['lung tumors']


abstract: Thirty-two protein phosphatase (PPase) genes were identified in @entity375 based on the @entity377 sequences of the entire genome. In an effort to understand the role of PPases and their functional redundancy in the cellular physiology of one of the reference eukaryotic organisms, a series of single and double PPase gene disruptants were constructed in the W303 strain background. Two single disruptants for the @entity6379 and @entity9787 genes were lethal. Double disruptants for 30 non-essential PPase genes were constructed in all possible 435 combinations. No double disruptant showed synthetic lethality. Several phenotypes of the viable 30 single and 435 double disruptants were examined; temperature-sensitive growth, utilization of @entity505 sources and sensitivity to cations and drugs. Four double disruptants exhibited synthetic phenotypes in addition to eight single ones: the @entity9788 @entity9789 double disruptant showed slow growth on complete medium, as did the @entity9790 and @entity9791 single ones. In addition to the @entity9792 , ynr022c and ycr079w single disruptants, the ppz1 ppz2 double disruptant showed temperature-sensitive slow growth. The @entity9793 ptp2 double disruptant, like the ynr022c single one, did not grow on complete medium containing 0.3 M @entity3282 . The double @entity9793 @entity9794 disruptant failed to grow on medium containing 1.0 M @entity1219 and, like the ynr022c single deletion, also could not grow on medium containing 0.3 M @entity3282 . The synthetic phenotypes in the two latter cases where each of the PPases is categorized in a different phosphatase family led us to discuss the novel mechanism involved in the functional redundancy of the PPases.

title: A series of double disruptants for protein phosphatase genes in XXXX and their phenotypic analysis.

entities_list: @entity377 :: ('CHEBI:36976', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotide']

entities_list: @entity375 :: ('4932', 'Species') :: ['Saccharomyces cerevisiae']

answer: @entity375 :: (4932,Species) :: ['Saccharomyces cerevisiae']


abstract: OBJECT: @entity131 can be identified in most @entity1 with mesial @entity1315 ( @entity1315 ). Surgical removal of the @entity3808 hippocampus is widely performed to treat @entity1 with drug-resistant mesial @entity1315 . In general, both @entity302 -prone and @entity302 -resistant neurons are believed to be in the hippocampal formation. The hilar mossy cells of the hippocampal dentate gyrus are usually considered one of the most vulnerable types of neurons. The aim of this study was to clarify the fate of mossy cells in the hippocampus in @entity302 @entity1 . METHODS: Of the 19 @entity1 included in this study, 15 underwent temporal lobe resection because of drug-resistant @entity1315 . Four @entity1 were used as controls because they harbored @entity5 that had not invaded the hippocampus and they had experienced no @entity410 . Histological evaluation of resected hippocampal tissues was performed using immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Mossy cells were identified in the control as well as the @entity302 hippocampi by using @entity2072 - and @entity4944 -regulated transcript peptide immunohistochemistry. In most cases the number of mossy cells was reduced and thorny excrescences were smaller in the @entity302 hippocampi than in controls; however, there was a significant loss of pyramidal cells and a partial loss of granule cells in the same @entity302 hippocampi in which mossy cell loss was apparent. The loss of mossy cells could be correlated with the extent of @entity131 , @entity1 age at @entity410 onset, duration of @entity302 , and frequency of @entity410 . CONCLUSIONS: In many cases large numbers of mossy cells were present in the hilus of the dentate gyrus when most pyramidal neurons of the @entity1399 and @entity1400 areas of the Ammon's horn were lost, suggesting that mossy cells may not be more vulnerable to @entity302 than the hippocampal pyramidal neurons.

title: Survival of mossy cells of the hippocampal dentate gyrus in @entity1 with mesial XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'humans', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['Hippocampal sclerosis', 'hippocampal sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'seizures']

entities_list: @entity3808 :: ('MESH:C538213', 'Disease') :: ['sclerotic']

entities_list: @entity1315 :: ('MESH:D004833', 'Disease') :: ['TLE', 'temporal lobe epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epileptic seizures', 'epileptic', 'epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity4944 :: ('MESH:D000661', 'Chemical') :: ['amphetamine']

answer: @entity1315 :: (MESH:D004833,Disease) :: ['temporal lobe epilepsy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: There is paucity of data on the effect of interventions on risk of @entity360 ( @entity360 ) in @entity656 ( @entity656 ). METHODS: Retrospective study of records of @entity1 with @entity656 and @entity360 . RESULTS: 16 (3.7%) @entity1 (14 males; mean age 39.3    12.8 years) had @entity360 . Two @entity1 had peptic @entity1066 related @entity360 . The cause of @entity360 in remaining @entity1 was: @entity2849 in 5, gastrointestinal fistulization in 4, and no identifiable lesion in 5. Two @entity1 with @entity2849 were treated with angioembolisation whereas 3 needed surgery. The @entity1 with @entity344 had complicated course and 3 of these 4 @entity1 died due to @entity295 and @entity881 . Rest 5 @entity1 with no identifiable lesion were managed conservatively and there was no recurrence of @entity360 . Of the 14 @entity1 with @entity656 related @entity360 , a previous intervention had been done in 11(79%) @entity1 . Fifty-three @entity1 (12.7%) without @entity360 died whereas 5 (31.2%) @entity1 with @entity360 succumbed to the illness (p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS: The majority of our @entity1 of @entity656 with @entity360 had antecedent history of interventions. The mortality was higher in @entity1 with @entity360 , which was not due to @entity548 but to @entity295 and related complications.

title: @entity360 in XXXX : etiology, clinical features, risk factors and outcome.

entities_list: @entity656 :: ('MESH:D019283', 'Disease') :: ['AP', 'acute pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulcer disease']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal fistula']

entities_list: @entity881 :: ('MESH:D009102', 'Disease') :: ['multi organ failure']

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['GIB', 'gastrointestinal bleeding']

entities_list: @entity2849 :: ('MESH:D017541', 'Disease') :: ['pseudoaneurysms']

answer: @entity656 :: (MESH:D019283,Disease) :: ['acute pancreatitis']


abstract: Purpose: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the method of choice for the evaluation of @entity1691 ( @entity1691 ). According to the guidelines of the Assessment of Spondyloarthritis International Society (ASAS) and Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT), MRI findings in @entity1691 of the spine and the @entity2720 ( @entity2720 ) are classified as inflammatory and structural alterations. Modern gradient-echo sequences (GRE) are recommended for optimized detection of structural alterations of the @entity2720 . We assess the benefit of GRE in the detection of structural alterations of the @entity2720 in comparison to conventional turbo @entity7959 -echo sequences (TSE). Material and Methods: Retrospective study of 114 @entity1 who received MRI of the @entity2720 for the evaluation of @entity1691 . Structural alterations of the @entity2720 were assessed by two blinded readers separately for T1 TSE and T2* GRE. The findings were classified according to a previously published chronicity score separately for both sides and sequences. Interobserver reliability was calculated with Cohen's Kappa, and the significance of findings was assessed with the Wilcoxon test. P-values <0.05 were required for statistical significance. Results: 68 of 114 (60%) @entity1 showed @entity1691 -typical findings of the @entity2720 . The average chronicity score for GRE (score 3.3) was significantly higher than for TSE (score 2.6), p=0.001. The Kappa-values for the interobserver reliability were 0.86-0.90 without any statistically significant differences between both sides and sequences. Conclusion: Both T1 TSE and T2* GRE showed a high interobserver reliability in the detection of structural alterations in @entity1 with @entity1691 . However, T2* GRE detected significantly more structural alterations than T1 TSE and should be an integral part of a modern MRI protocol for the diagnostic workup of @entity1 with suspected @entity1691 . Key points:       T2* gradient-echo sequences are superior to T1 turbo @entity7959 -echo sequences in the detection of structural @entity2342 . Citation Format:       Dornia C, Fleck M, Hartung W etal. Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Sacroiliac Joints in @entity1 with @entity2790 - Comparison of Turbo @entity7959 -Echo and Gradient-Echo Sequences for the  Detection of Structural Alterations. Fortschr R  ntgenstr 2014; DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1385264.

title: Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Sacroiliac Joints in @entity1 with XXXX - Comparison of Turbo @entity7959 -Echo and Gradient-Echo Sequences for the Detection of Structural Alterations.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1691 :: ('MESH:D013167', 'Disease') :: ['spondyloarthritis', 'SpA']

entities_list: @entity2790 :: ('MESH:D009798', 'Disease') :: ['Suspected Spondyloarthritis']

entities_list: @entity2720 :: ('MESH:D007592', 'Disease') :: ['SIJ', 'sacroiliac joints']

entities_list: @entity2342 :: ('MESH:D004408', 'Disease') :: ['SI-joint alterations']

answer: @entity2790 :: (MESH:D009798,Disease) :: ['Suspected Spondyloarthritis']


abstract: Three @entity1 with multiple @entity85 due to @entity8482 ( @entity8482 ) are presented. All had severe thalamic and @entity66 and @entity528 ; one had also unilateral @entity9670 and polymicrogyri. The character and the pattern of the lesions were highly suggestive of in-utero @entity551 / @entity63 insult. Marked attenuations of anterior spinal roots were mostly seen in the @entity1283 , where anterior horn cell loss and ferrugination were most severe. The changes in the anterior horns were situated peripherally, a distribution corresponding to the terminal ramifications of the sulcal (central) branches of the anterior spinal artery, an area known for its susceptibility to @entity63 , especially in @entity1 . The changes in the brains and spinal cords could reasonably be explained on the basis of intra-uterine perfusion failure in early stages of fetal development. This assumption was supported by the fact that all three @entity1 were subjected to unfavorable environmental factors during gestation. The first was the twin of a macerated @entity1 ; their entangled umbilical cords might have caused differential placental perfusion resulting in partial @entity63 in the twin with @entity8482 and severe @entity63 in the other accounting for its early demise. The second @entity1 had a single functional umbilical artery, a condition frequently associated with @entity600 . The third was born to a mother whose pregnancy was complicated by heavy substance abuse. @entity63 during a critical phase of CNS developmental and muscle innervation is proposed as a cause of some cases of @entity8482 . Placental circulatory failure should be considered in the pathogenesis of @entity8482 in such cases.

title: XXXX and intrauterine @entity63 of anterior horn cells: a hypothesis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['tegmental degenerations with glial scars']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['Ischemic myelopathy', 'ischemia', 'ischemic']

entities_list: @entity9670 :: ('MESH:D065708', 'Disease') :: ['porencephaly']

entities_list: @entity8482 :: ('MESH:D001176', 'Disease') :: ['arthrogryposis multiplex congenita', 'neuropathic AMC', 'AMC']

entities_list: @entity1283 :: ('MESH:D006332', 'Disease') :: ['lumbosacral and cervical enlargements']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['developmental anomalies']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['articular deformities']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotensive']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['shrunken ferruginated neurons']

answer: @entity8482 :: (MESH:D001176,Disease) :: ['Neuropathic arthrogryposis multiplex congenita']


abstract: Dynamical properties of low weight @entity4313 have been analyzed both in the liquid and the supercooled states. Realistic interatomic potential models for @entity1042 and @entity1068 have been used. The influence of temperature on the @entity3884 -bonded structure has been undertaken. Remarkable similarities have been obtained in both systems. Velocity autocorrelation functions have been evaluated for molecules participating in zero, one, and two @entity3884 bonds at a wide range of temperatures. A backscattering area preceded by a shoulder has been identified as a signature of this function when evaluated for the subset of molecules that participate in two @entity3884 bonds. Memory functions have also been evaluated. Their initial decay depends only slightly upon temperature. A more marked temperature dependence is observed for the nonassociated molecules. For them, reasonable agreement with the mode-coupling approach predictions has been encountered.

title: Microscopic dynamics of supercooled low weight XXXX .

entities_list: @entity4313 :: ('MESH:D000438', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohols']

entities_list: @entity3884 :: ('MESH:D006859', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrogen']

entities_list: @entity1042 :: ('MESH:D000432', 'Chemical') :: ['methanol']

answer: @entity4313 :: (MESH:D000438,Chemical) :: ['alcohols']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIM: Pulse pressure (PP) is a result of arterial stiffness seen in dialysis @entity1 , but may be a consequence of fluid overload. We examined the role of @entity6393 (b(2)M) in PP in relation to metabolic alterations in @entity1 on different hemodialysis (HD) modalities. METHODS: We studied 76 hemodialyzed @entity1 on regular HD (n = 34), predilution bagged hemodiafiltration (n = 19) and online predilution hemodiafiltration (n = 23). b(2)M levels were measured by radioimmunoassay, and the clearance of b(2)M was assessed by Kt/V for b(2)M. Arterial stiffness was measured as carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, and PP was derived. Insulin levels were measured using immunoradioassay, and insulin resistance was calculated using homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Serum @entity3157 levels were measured using a blood gas analyzer, and percent @entity1372 removal was calculated. RESULTS: b(2)M levels predict increased PP (p = 0.02) adjusting for age, HD modalities, HD duration, HOMA-IR and percent @entity1372 removal. b(2)M was positively associated with HOMA-IR (r = 0.306, p = 0.007). Serum @entity3157 levels and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity were inversely associated (r = -0.719, p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: b(2)M levels were positively associated with PP, which was influenced mainly by dialysis modality fluid and @entity1372 balance and less by arterial stiffness. b(2)M levels were positively associated with insulin resistance. @entity520 may contribute to arterial stiffness.

title: XXXX , pulse pressure and metabolic alterations in hemodialysis @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3157 :: ('CHEBI:17544', 'Chemical') :: ['bicarbonate']

entities_list: @entity520 :: ('MESH:D000138', 'Disease') :: ['Uremic acidosis']

answer: @entity6393 :: (3135,Gene) :: ['b2-Microglobulin']


abstract: @entity561 , an inhibitor of bone resorption, is widely used in @entity170 treatment. However, concerns have been raised about potential oversuppression of bone turnover during long-term use. We report on nine @entity1 who sustained spontaneous nonspinal @entity174 while on @entity561 therapy, six of whom displayed either delayed or absent @entity174 healing for 3 months to 2 yr during therapy. Histomorphometric analysis of the cancellous bone showed markedly suppressed bone formation, with reduced or absent osteoblastic surface in most @entity1 . Osteoclastic surface was low or low-normal in eight @entity1 , and eroded surface was decreased in four. Matrix synthesis was markedly diminished, with absence of double- @entity803 label and absent or reduced single- @entity803 label in all @entity1 . The same trend was seen in the intracortical and endocortical surfaces. Our findings raise the possibility that severe @entity79 may develop during long-term @entity561 therapy, resulting in increased susceptibility to, and @entity174 . Although coadministration of @entity172 or glucocorticoids appears to be a predisposing factor, this apparent complication can also occur with monotherapy. Our observations emphasize the need for increased awareness and monitoring for the potential development of excessive @entity79 during long-term @entity561 therapy.

title: Severely suppressed bone turnover: a potential complication of XXXX therapy.

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'fracture', 'delayed healing of, nonspinal fractures']

entities_list: @entity561 :: ('MESH:D019386', 'Chemical') :: ['alendronate', 'Alendronate']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['suppression of bone turnover']

entities_list: @entity803 :: ('MESH:D013752', 'Chemical') :: ['tetracycline']

answer: @entity561 :: (MESH:D019386,Chemical) :: ['alendronate']


abstract: With extensive @entity1317 in which a vascular conduit is required, there is controversy as to whether an autogenous or prosthetic graft is preferable. The authors reviewed their experience with 91 extremity @entity1317 in which autogenous tissue was used to repair @entity1317 of the extremities. Twenty-two @entity1 also had concomitant repair of associated @entity1317 with autogenous vein grafts. Ten @entity1 required amputations, despite patent grafts in five @entity1 , because of severe @entity121 . Two @entity1 had @entity715 of their vein grafts develop in the early postoperative period but did not require amputation. The authors identified only one late vein graft failure in a @entity1 in whom an infected @entity2849 developed. Three @entity1 with extensive soft tissue injuries had @entity281 develop in vein grafts, with subsequent massive bleeding that ultimately required arterial ligation. Among the 22 @entity1 with repair of their @entity1317 , occlusion of popliteal vein repairs was documented in two @entity1 and suspected in three others. The remainder of @entity1 had satisfactory results. The excellent results obtained in the vast majority of the authors' @entity1 with extremity @entity1317 reinforces their preference for using autogenous tissue whenever a vascular conduit is required. Exceptions include @entity1 with extensive soft tissue loss precluding adequate graft coverage, the repair of large vessels, and life-threatening emergencies when there is insufficient time to harvest and prepare a vein.

title: Long-term results with autogenous tissue repair of traumatic extremity XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity1317 :: ('MESH:D057772', 'Disease') :: ['venous injuries', 'vascular injuries', 'arterial injuries']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['muscle necrosis']

entities_list: @entity2849 :: ('MESH:D017541', 'Disease') :: ['pseudoaneurysm']

answer: @entity1317 :: (MESH:D057772,Disease) :: ['vascular injuries']


abstract: PURPOSE: We studied the effect of morphology and extent of bone marrow (BM) infiltrate on the survival of @entity1 with diffuse aggressive @entity1892 ( @entity1893 ), along with clinical features. @entity1 AND METHODS: Sixty adult @entity1 with diffuse aggressive B-cell @entity1893 and BM involvement at the time of presentation were studied. All @entity1 were uniformly staged and treated with a curative high-dose chemotherapy regimen. BM involvement was assessed according to the cytology, pattern of infiltration, and extent of involvement, and was correlated with @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) and @entity177 ( @entity177 ). RESULTS: @entity1 with BM involvement that consisted of > or = 50% large cells or BM involvement of > or = 70% had a poorer @entity1349 (P = .065 and P = .055, respectively). Those who presented with an infiltrate of less than 50% large cells and an international prognostic index (IPI) of < or = 3 had a significantly longer postrelapse survival time (P = .003). A diffuse or interstitial pattern of BM involvement was predictive of both poor @entity1349 and @entity177 (P = .008 and .009, respectively). Multivariate analysis indicated that only IPI (P = .0005) and pattern of BM infiltration (P = .009) were independent predictors of @entity1349 , and only the former was predictive of @entity177 (P = .03). CONCLUSION: The IPI is predictive of @entity1349 and @entity177 , while BM involvement with a diffuse or interstitial pattern is associated with significantly poorer @entity1349 . @entity1 with BM infiltration that involved > or = 70% of the marrow or contained > or = 50% large cells had poor @entity1349 , but more @entity1 need to be studied to determine the significance. Two parameters, IPI < or = 3 and BM large cells less than 50%, identify a group of @entity1 with long-term survival after relapse.

title: Clinical and prognostic significance of bone marrow involvement in @entity1 with diffuse aggressive XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['FFS', 'failure-free survival']

entities_list: @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ["B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma"]

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity1892 :: (MESH:D016393,Disease) :: ['B-cell lymphoma']


abstract: The clinical presentation of @entity16523 shows sex-related differences of symptoms. In @entity1 the most typical symptoms are @entity931 , @entity548 during and after delivery or abortion and @entity548 in connection with caesarean section or gynaecological surgery. @entity931 is one of the most common symptoms presented to gynaecologists. In 7-20% of @entity931 the underlying cause is @entity16523 , in our cohort of 185 @entity1 with @entity931 the prevalence of @entity16523 was even 32%. On the other hand in @entity1 with @entity931 with onset at the menarche can be found in 60-93%, influencing substantially their morbidity and quality of life. During pregnancy @entity1 with mild @entity16523 experience a decrease of @entity548 tendency due to an increase of endogenous @entity2881 . But as the @entity2881 concentration drops rapidly after delivery, the post-partum period is often associated with significant @entity548 complications. In severe forms of @entity16523 the @entity548 risk is high during delivery and postpartum period. Laboratory monitoring and therapeutical measures should be continued for 8-10 days after delivery. During menopause the clinical situation improves for most of the @entity1 with mild or moderate @entity16523 .

title: XXXX with von Willebrand disease.

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity931 :: ('MESH:D008595', 'Disease') :: ['menorrhagia', 'Menorrhagia', 'VWD menorrhagia']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Women']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Increased level of blood viscosity, which is one of the major factors that determine blood rheology, has been reported as a risk factor or predictor for cerebrovascular events. We investigated how blood viscosity is associated with @entity64 and chronic radiological manifestations of @entity6249 , and how blood viscosity changes after @entity64 . METHODS: We prospectively enrolled consecutive @entity1 with acute @entity385 . Whole blood viscosities at a low or high shear rate were measured using a scanning capillary tube viscometer, and were referred to as @entity551 (SBV), respectively. Correlations between blood viscosity and @entity64 etiology or chronic radiological manifestations of @entity6249 were investigated. The temporal profiles of blood viscosity at the onset of @entity64 and follow-up at 1 and 5  weeks were investigated. RESULTS: Of the 127 @entity1 admitted with acute @entity385 , 63 @entity1 were included in the final analyses. DBV at the onset of @entity64 was significantly higher in @entity432 ( @entity432 ) @entity64 than in other @entity64 subtypes (p   =   0.037). DBV showed a significant positive correlation with the number of chronic lacunes (r   =   0.274, p   =   0.030). The temporal profiles of DBV in @entity432 showed a transient decrease due to the hydration therapy after 1  week and recurrent elevation at 5  week follow-up (p   =   0.009). CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that elevated DBV may play a role in the development of acute and chronic manifestations of @entity6249 . The recurring elevation of DBV in @entity432 indicates that sufficient hydration and additional therapeutic interventions targeting blood viscosity may be needed in @entity1 with @entity432 .

title: Elevated blood viscosity is associated with @entity6249 in XXXX with acute @entity385 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'acute stroke']

entities_list: @entity6249 :: ('MESH:D059345', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral small vessel disease']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['SAO', 'small artery occlusion', 'SAO stroke']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['diastolic blood viscosity (DBV) and systolic blood viscosity']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Multidrug-resistant (MDR) cell lines often have a compound phenotype, combining reduced drug accumulation with a decrease in topoisomerase II. We have analysed alterations in topoisomerase II in MDR derivatives of the @entity1 @entity2 cell line SW-1573. Selection with @entity632 frequently resulted in reduced topo II alpha mRNA and protein levels, whereas clones selected with vincristine showed normal levels of topo II alpha. No alterations of @entity5255 levels were detected. To determine the contribution of topo II alterations to drug resistance, topo II activity was analysed by the determination of DNA breaks induced by the topo II-inhibiting drug @entity5256 ( @entity5257 ) in living cells, as @entity5257 is not affected by the drug efflux mechanism in the @entity1 cells. The number of @entity5257 -induced DNA breaks correlated well (r = 0.96) with in vitro @entity5257 sensitivity. Drug sensitivity, however, did not always correlate with reduced topo II mRNA or protein levels. In one of the five @entity632 -selected clones @entity5257 resistance and a reduction in @entity5257 -induced DNA breaks were found in the absence of reduced topo II protein levels. Therefore, we assume that post-translational modifications of topo II also contribute to drug resistance in @entity1 cells. These results suggest that methods that detect quantitative as well as qualitative alterations of topo II should be used to predict the responsiveness of @entity5 to cytotoxic agents. The assay we used, which measures DNA breaks as an end point of topo II activity, could be a good candidate.

title: Reduced topoisomerase II activity in multidrug-resistant XXXX non-small cell lung cancer cell lines.

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity5256 :: ('CHEBI:2687', 'Chemical') :: ["4'-(9-acridinylamino)methane-sulphon-m-anisidide"]

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To highlight the most characteristic histopathological findings of @entity8619 and their correlation with the clinical manifestations and forms. STUDY DESIGN: We performed a retrospective study of 50 biopsied and diagnosed cases of @entity8619 over a period of 11 years, spanning from May 1998 to April 2009. We analyzed the age and sex of the @entity1 , type of lichen planus, location and different histopathological findings, comparing them with the clinical lesions. RESULTS: Seventy eight percent of the @entity1 are female and 22% are male, with an average age of 56.06 years for both sexes. The most frequent clinical form is reticular, present in 78% of the cases, and the most common location is the buccal mucosa, present in 70% of the @entity1 . @entity528 of the basal layer and lymphocytic infiltration in the subepithelial layer are observed in the entire sample. Signs of atypia were identified in 4% of the cases, but without dysplasic features. Other common histological findings were the presence of @entity39 keratinocytes (92%), @entity1373 (54%), @entity5656 (66%), @entity3594 (48%), and less frequently, serrated ridges (30%) and the presence plasma cells (26%). CONCLUSIONS: Oral lichen planus is a disease that is more common in @entity1 , usually appearing in the fifth and sixth decades of life. The most common clinical form is reticular, manifesting mainly in the buccal mucosa. Histological findings characteristic of @entity8619 include @entity528 of the basal layer, lymphocytic infiltration in the subepithelial layer and the absence of @entity5115 ; however, it is also frequent to observe @entity1373 phenomena at the epithelial level, @entity5656 , @entity3594 and the presence of @entity39 keratinocytes.

title: Histopathological findings in XXXX and their correlation with the clinical manifestations.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5115 :: ('MESH:C567703', 'Disease') :: ['epithelial dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrotic']

entities_list: @entity5656 :: ('MESH:D017488', 'Disease') :: ['hyperkeratosis']

entities_list: @entity1373 :: ('MESH:D006965', 'Disease') :: ['hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity3594 :: ('MESH:D000052', 'Disease') :: ['acanthosis']

entities_list: @entity8619 :: ('MESH:D017676', 'Disease') :: ['oral lichen planus', 'oral lichen planus obtained']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['Hydropic degeneration', 'hydropic degeneration']

answer: @entity8619 :: (MESH:D017676,Disease) :: ['oral lichen planus']


abstract: Eleven peaks were separated by @entity5070 -cellulose column chromatography of peptic digest of lysozyme. Being stronger in antigenic activity two peaks of them, P-3 and P-9, were selected and purified further respectively by Amberlite IRC-50 and Sephadex G-50 column chromatography. As the results, PP-3 and PP-9 were obtained each as a single peak. For estimation of their capacities to induce @entity56 , the antigen-induced @entity665 incorporation, the migration inhibition of peritoneal cells and the delayed-type skin reaction were tested in @entity840 immunized with native lysozyme or any of its fractions. PP-9 was almost as active as intact lysozyme in these capacities. On the other hand, PP-3 showed a slight inhibition of migration of peritoneal cells and no stimulation of @entity665 incorporation into the lymph node cells. Moreover, the delayed-type skin reaction elicited by PP-3 was always weaker than that elicited by PP-9. @entity840 immunized with either PP-3 or PP-9 were also tested for these reactions. PP-9 and native lysozyme elicited these reactions in @entity840 immunized with PP-9, but PP-3 did not. On the other hand, PP-3 and lysozyme elicited these reactions in those immunized with PP-3, but PP-9 did not. The possibility of recognition of two functionally different areas, one for production of the circulating antibody and the other for induction of @entity56 , on the lysozyme molecule was discussed.

title: Studies on @entity56 to hen egg-white lysozyme. I. Peptide fragments of lysozyme inducing XXXX .

entities_list: @entity840 :: ('10141', 'Species') :: ['Guinea pigs', 'guinea pigs']

entities_list: @entity5070 :: ('CHEBI:41402', 'Chemical') :: ['Carboxymethyl']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['delayed-type hypersensitivity']

entities_list: @entity665 :: ('CHEBI:53526', 'Chemical') :: ['3H-thymidine']

answer: @entity56 :: (MESH:D004342,Disease) :: ['delayed-type hypersensitivity']


abstract: The clinical and haemodynamic significance of the subaortic pressure gradient in @entity1 with muscular ( @entity1184 ) @entity475 ( @entity1121 ) has long been debated. In this report we summarize the evidence which indicates that true obstruction to left ventricular outflow exists in these @entity1 . Rapid left ventricular ejection, through an outflow tract narrowed by @entity123 , results in Venturi forces causing systolic anterior motion of the anterior (or posterior) mitral leaflets. Mitral leaflet-septal contact results in obstruction to outflow and the accompanying @entity339 . The time of onset of mitral leaflet-septal contact determines the magnitude of the pressure gradient and the severity of the @entity339 , as well as the degree of prolongation of left ventricular ejection time and the percentage of left @entity64 that is ejected in the presence of an obstructive pressure gradient. Early and prolonged mitral leaflet-septal contact results in a large pressure gradient, significant @entity339 , as well as dramatic prolongation of the ejection time and a large percentage of left @entity64 being obstructed. Late and short mitral leaflet-septal contact results in little haemodynamic perturbation. @entity1121 @entity1 with obstructive pressure gradients are significantly more symptomatic than those without. Thus the obstructive pressure gradients in @entity1121 are of clinical as well as haemodynamic significance. To deny the existence of obstruction to outflow in @entity1 with muscular @entity475 is to deny these @entity1 appropriate medical and surgical therapy.

title: Muscular ( XXXX ) @entity475 ( @entity1121 ): the evidence for true obstruction to left ventricular outflow.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular stroke volume']

entities_list: @entity339 :: ('MESH:D008944', 'Disease') :: ['mitral regurgitation']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophic']

entities_list: @entity475 :: ('MESH:C564793', 'Disease') :: ['subaortic stenosis']

entities_list: @entity123 :: ('MESH:D024741', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular septal hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity1121 :: ('MESH:D002312', 'Disease') :: ['Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy', 'hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy', 'hypertrophic cardiomyopathy']

answer: @entity1184 :: (MESH:D006984,Disease) :: ['hypertrophic']


abstract: Taste and smell disturbances are infrequently reported adverse effects of treatment with @entity3371 and are even less frequently reported with other @entity1289 inhibitors. These adverse effects have been attributed to the chemical structure of the drugs used, although this relationship is the matter of some debate. A link between the taste disturbance associated with @entity1289 inhibitors and changes in plasma @entity219 concentration has also been suggested, but again the evidence for this relationship is equivocal. One problem facing research in this area has been the lack of reliable assessment techniques for the quantitative evaluation of smell and taste function. Three quantitative methods for evaluating taste and smell function are described, together with the results of a pilot study aimed at evaluating the potential ease of application of these techniques in a larger group of @entity1 . In this double-blind, crossover pilot study, 8-week treatment with @entity3593 (20-40 mg once daily) was compared with @entity3371 (25-50 mg twice daily) in 12 @entity101 @entity1 . The two drugs produced similar falls in lying and standing blood pressure and neither drug produced a significant alteration in smell recognition, or olfactory or taste threshold. None of the minor changes observed appeared to correlate with either plasma @entity219 concentrations or intra-erythrocyte @entity219 levels. This study provides important observations on the use of these new techniques. Based on the wide variability of results obtained, the design of further clinical studies must address and overcome the many factors (age, sex, smoking, etc.) which may confound the study of drug effects on taste and smell.

title: XXXX inhibitors in @entity101 : assessment of taste and smell function in clinical trials.

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity3371 :: ('CHEBI:3380', 'Chemical') :: ['captopril']

entities_list: @entity3593 :: ('MESH:D017706', 'Chemical') :: ['lisinopril']

answer: @entity1289 :: (1636,Gene) :: ['ACE']


abstract: Brain-specific homing and direct interactions with the neural substance are prominent hypotheses for @entity75 formation and a modern manifestation of Paget's "seed and soil" concept. However, there is little direct evidence for this "neurotropic" growth in vivo. In contrast, many experimental studies have anecdotally noted the propensity of metastatic cells to grow along the exterior of pre-existing vessels of the CNS, a process termed vascular cooption. These observations suggest the "soil" for malignant cells in the CNS may well be vascular, rather than neuronal. We used in vivo experimental models of @entity75 and analysis of @entity1 clinical specimens to test this hypothesis. Indeed, over 95% of early micrometastases examined demonstrated vascular cooption with little evidence for isolated neurotropic growth. This vessel interaction was adhesive in nature implicating the vascular basement membrane (VBM) as the active substrate for @entity5 cell growth in the brain. Accordingly, VBM promoted adhesion and invasion of malignant cells and was sufficient for @entity5 growth prior to any evidence of angiogenesis. Blockade or loss of the @entity2393 subunit in @entity5 cells prevented adhesion to VBM and attenuated @entity3 establishment and growth in vivo. Our data establishes a new understanding of CNS @entity3 formation and identifies the neurovasculature as the critical partner for such growth. Further, we have elucidated the mechanism of vascular cooption for the first time. These findings may help inform the design of effective molecular therapies for @entity1 with fatal CNS @entity5 .

title: The vascular basement membrane as "soil" in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain metastasis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity75 :: (MESH:D001927,Disease) :: ['brain metastasis']


abstract: In order to investigate the hormone feature and the effect of @entity2847 on endocrine profile in @entity1 with @entity3610 ( @entity3610 ), twenty-four-hour secretion pattern of LH, FSH, PRL and @entity251 were assessed in 8 @entity3610 @entity1 and 4 normal @entity1 as controls by obtaining serial blood samples, taken through a forearm cannula, at 30 minute intervals for 24 hours. @entity2847 , 5 mg/day was given and 3 @entity1 were reassessed in the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle after ovulatory periods were established during @entity2847 therapy. There was significant difference in pulse amplitude, but not in pulse frequency of LH and @entity251 between @entity3610 and normal @entity1 (23.1 +/- 9.49 vs 5.75 +/- 1.28 mIU/ml, p less than 0.01; 27.8 +/- 10.1 vs 10.2 +/- 2.63 ng/dl, p less than 0.01), and the 24 hour mean LH and @entity251 levels were higher (p less than 0.01) in @entity3610 (52.3 +/- 20.1 mIU/ml, 105.1 +/- 15.9 ng/dl) than in normal @entity1 (13.4 +/- 4.31 mIU/ml, 54.3 +/- 13.3 ng/dl). Though a pulsatility in FSH secretion was identified, no difference between normal @entity1 and @entity3610 was observed. Mean PRL level was within the normal range in @entity3610 but with a higher pulse frequency (p less than 0.01) and lower pulse amplitude (p less than 0.01) than those of the normal @entity1 . Furthermore, LH and @entity251 secretions maintained the circadian changes in @entity3610 @entity1 against the normal @entity1 . During @entity2847 therapy, mean level and pulse amplitude of LH and @entity251 were significantly suppressed, without changing in pulse frequency, whilst PRL secretory patterns were not reestablished. In conclusion we have found that @entity3610 is associated with high level and pulse amplitude of LH and @entity251 , with high frequency and low amplitude of PRL, and @entity2847 administration can blunt LH, PRL and @entity251 secretion, suggesting a hypothalamic intervention in gonadotropic regulation in @entity1 with @entity3610 . In addition, the degree of @entity2847 to inhibit LH secretion might be related to the dose or duration of its administration, or to the sensitivity of the @entity1 . The mechanism of @entity2847 for marked LH suppression in @entity3610 @entity1 remains to be elucidated.

title: [Effects of XXXX on endocrine environment in the @entity3610 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2847 :: ('MESH:D001971', 'Chemical') :: ['bromocriptine', 'Bromocriptine']

entities_list: @entity3610 :: ('MESH:D011085', 'Disease') :: ['polycystic ovary syndrome', 'PCO']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

answer: @entity2847 :: (MESH:D001971,Chemical) :: ['bromocriptine']


abstract: Astragalus membranaceus extract ( @entity15516 ) is a widely used herbal product for the treatment of @entity65 in China. The present study aimed to evaluate the cardiac protective effects of @entity15516 , and to probe the underlying molecular mechanism related to angiogenesis. In this study, @entity15516 with 75 microg/mL significantly increased proliferation, migration and tube formation on @entity1 umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Moreover, in vivo experiments on @entity35 with ligation of left anterior descending artery were performed to study the cardiac protective and angiogenic effect of @entity15516 (50 and 100 mg/kg i.g. for 3, 7, 14 days). The results showed that @entity15516 inhibited @entity299 , reduced @entity1188 size, and increased capillary and arteriole densities. Meanwhile, western blot was used to determine protein levels of @entity6667 , p- @entity2308 , p- @entity9096 and p- @entity3470 . @entity15516 significantly elevated protein expression of @entity6667 and increased phosphorylation of @entity2308 , @entity9096 and @entity3470 . In conclusion, @entity15516 exerted cardiac protective and angiogenic effects in the @entity63 injured heart. The activation of @entity2308 / @entity9096 and @entity2308 / @entity3470 pathways and elevated expression of @entity6667 may contribute to the promoted neovascularisation by @entity15516 .

title: Astragalus membranaceus extract promotes neovascularisation by @entity6667 pathway in XXXX model of @entity63 .

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular diseases']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Use of electronic clinical decision support (eCDS) has been recommended to improve implementation of clinical decision rules. Many eCDS tools, however, are designed and implemented without taking into account the context in which clinical work is performed. Implementation of the pediatric @entity131 ( @entity131 ) clinical decision rule at one Level I pediatric emergency department includes an electronic questionnaire triggered when ordering a head computed tomography using computerized physician order entry (CPOE). Providers use this CPOE tool in less than 20% of @entity130 resuscitation cases. A @entity1 factors engineering approach could identify the implementation barriers that are limiting the use of this tool. OBJECTIVES: The objective was to design a pediatric @entity131 eCDS tool for @entity130 resuscitation using a @entity1 factors approach. The hypothesis was that clinical experts will rate a usability-enhanced eCDS tool better than the existing CPOE tool for user interface design and suitability for clinical use. METHODS: This mixed-methods study followed usability evaluation principles. Pediatric emergency physicians were surveyed to identify barriers to using the existing eCDS tool. Using standard @entity130 resuscitation protocols, a hierarchical task analysis of pediatric @entity131 evaluation was developed. Five clinical experts, all board-certified pediatric emergency medicine faculty members, then iteratively modified the hierarchical task analysis until reaching consensus. The software team developed a prototype eCDS display using the hierarchical task analysis. Three @entity1 factors engineers provided feedback on the prototype through a heuristic evaluation, and the software team refined the eCDS tool using a rapid prototyping process. The eCDS tool then underwent iterative usability evaluations by the five clinical experts using video review of 50 @entity130 resuscitation cases. A final eCDS tool was created based on their feedback, with content analysis of the evaluations performed to ensure all concerns were identified and addressed. RESULTS: Among 26 EPs (76% response rate), the main barriers to using the existing tool were that the information displayed is redundant and does not fit clinical workflow. After the prototype eCDS tool was developed based on the @entity130 resuscitation hierarchical task analysis, the @entity1 factors engineers rated it to be better than the CPOE tool for nine of 10 standard user interface design heuristics on a three-point scale. The eCDS tool was also rated better for clinical use on the same scale, in 84% of 50 expert-video pairs, and was rated equivalent in the remainder. Clinical experts also rated barriers to use of the eCDS tool as being low. CONCLUSIONS: An eCDS tool for diagnostic imaging designed using @entity1 factors engineering methods has improved perceived usability among pediatric emergency physicians.

title: Designing Real-time Decision Support for XXXX Resuscitations.

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['traumatic brain injury', 'TBI']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['Trauma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Fast-track surgery (FTS), a multimodal rehabilitation technique, has been recommended as surgical therapy for @entity14 . The objective of the present study was to compare the outcomes of FTS and conventional laparoscopic surgery. This study was a blinded randomized trial. A total of 70 @entity1 with @entity14 were divided into two groups and underwent laparoscopic colorectal resection. The FTS group consisted of 31 @entity1 and the control group consisted of 39 @entity1 . Protocols for the treatment of the FTS group included skipping pre-operative mechanical bowel preparation, early restoration of diet and early post-operative ambulation. Outcome measures, length of hospital stay, post-operative surgical stress response [ @entity1851 and post-operative complications were compared between the two groups. The average length of total hospital stay for the FTS and the control groups was 5.9  0.8 and 10.9  1.3 days, respectively (P<0.05), and the length of post-operative hospital stay for the FTS and control group was 4.3  0.8 and 8.0  1.1 days, respectively. (P<0.05) First flatus time for the FTS and control groups was 1.6  0.8 and 2.5  0.9 days, respectively (P<0.05). Defecation time for the FTS and control groups was 2.2  0.7 and 4.5  0.7 days, respectively (P<0.05). The time to restoration of a solid diet also showed a significant difference between the FTS and control groups (1.1  0.3 vs. 3.6  0.9 days; P<0.05). Following surgery, due to post-operative surgical stress, the two groups CRP levels increased significantly, but the levels of the FTS group were lower than those of the conventional control group (P<0.05). There was no difference in post-operative complications between the FTS and control groups. This study confirms that FTS shortens hospital stay and accelerates the recovery of bowel function without increase of post-operative complications. FTS is safe, improves post-operative recovery and is a better option than conventional laparoscopic surgery for treating @entity14 @entity1 .

title: Fast-track laparoscopic surgery: A better option for treating XXXX than conventional laparoscopic surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein (CRP)]']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The fenestrated Anaconda endograft (Vascutek, Renfrewshire, Scotland) was introduced in 2010 and showed promising short-term results with high technical success and low morbidity rates. The aim of this study was to present the midterm results, with a minimum of 12  months follow-up, for all @entity1 treated with the fenestrated Anaconda endograft in The Netherlands. METHODS: @entity1 treated with the fenestrated Anaconda endograft between May 2011 and February 2015 were included. Follow-up consisted of computed tomography angiography at 1  month and 1  year, and duplex ultrasound yearly thereafter with additional computed tomography angiography if indicated using a standard protocol. RESULTS: A total of 60 @entity1 were included; 48 @entity1 (80.0%) were treated for @entity439 , and 12 (20.0%) were @entity439 . Mean @entity439 size was 64     9  mm. A total of 140 fenestrations were incorporated. Median follow-up was 16.4  months (interquartile range, 11.9-27.4). The 30-day mortality was 3.4% (n  = 2). Kaplan-Meier estimates for 1-year, 2-year, and 3-year survival were 91.4%, 89.5%, and 86.3%, respectively, without @entity439 -related mortality during follow-up. Main body primary and secondary endograft patencies were 98.3% and 100%, respectively. Target vessel primary and secondary patencies were 95.0% and 98.6%, respectively. Early type IA @entity1070 occurred in seven @entity1 (11.7%) and spontaneously resolved in all @entity1 . At 1-year follow-up 4 (6.7%) @entity1070 persisted. One @entity1 experienced @entity1756 because of a late @entity1070 attributable to a dislodged renal stent and subsequently underwent successful conversion to open surgery. CONCLUSIONS: The fenestrated Anaconda is a viable treatment option for complex @entity1028 . Acceptable mortality and morbidity and low reintervention rates contribute to good midterm results. Occurrence of early type I endoleak was relatively common, but these resolved spontaneously in all @entity1 .

title: Midterm results of the fenestrated Anaconda endograft for XXXX repair.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1070 :: ('MESH:D057867', 'Disease') :: ['endoleaks', 'type III endoleak', 'type II endoleaks']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['short-neck infrarenal aneurysms', 'aneurysm', 'juxtarenal aneurysms']

entities_list: @entity1028 :: ('MESH:D017544', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal aortic aneurysms']

entities_list: @entity1756 :: ('MESH:D017542', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm rupture']

answer: @entity1028 :: (MESH:D017544,Disease) :: ['short-neck infrarenal and juxtarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVES: To determine whether a subcutaneous injection of @entity1855 will provide local anesthesia and whether a mixture of @entity3303 and @entity1855 will prolong the anesthetic effect of @entity3303 alone. DESIGN: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. SETTING: Preanesthetic area of a large metropolitan teaching hospital. @entity1 : 20 volunteers. INTERVENTIONS: All volunteers received 4 injections of normal saline, @entity1855 , @entity3303 , and @entity3303 - @entity1855 at the volar aspect of the forearm. The sites were tested with a 26-gauge needle to be sure the sensation of sharp could be appreciated. The injections were performed in a randomized, double-blind fashion using a sterile technique. The 4 areas were tested at 1-minute intervals using a 26-gauge needle until the sensation of sharp was again perceived. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Injection sites were examined for the presence and degree of erythema. Volunteers were asked to rate the degree of @entity158 felt during and immediately after injection. The time elapsed until the @entity1 was again able to perceive sharp from a 26-gauge needle prick was measured at all 4 sites. When compared with the effects of normal saline, subcutaneous @entity1855 provided local anesthesia to pinprick. The mixture of @entity1855 and @entity3303 also provided anesthesia to pinprick, but the duration of effect was less than that provided by @entity3303 alone. The use of @entity1855 alone and in combination with @entity3303 was associated with a marked degree of erythema and @entity4 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity1855 injected subcutaneously provides a degree of local anesthesia. However, this effect is hampered by a local reaction at the injection site and a short duration of action. The mixture of @entity3303 and @entity1855 provides a shorter duration of action than does @entity3303 alone.

title: Effects of subcutaneous XXXX on the duration of local anesthetic blockade.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PATIENTS', 'person']

entities_list: @entity1855 :: ('MESH:D014700', 'Chemical') :: ['verapamil', 'Verapamil']

entities_list: @entity3303 :: ('MESH:D008012', 'Chemical') :: ['lidocaine']

answer: @entity1855 :: (MESH:D014700,Chemical) :: ['verapamil']


abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine whether repeated treatment of @entity5 cells in vitro with mutagenic doses of ultraviolet (UV) radiation could influence the metastatic behavior of these cells in vivo. Three cloned lines of UV-2237, a @entity1492 induced in a C3 @entity19 by chronic irradiation with UV, and SF-19, a spontaneous C3H- @entity1492 , were grown in culture. These cell lines varied from low to high metastatic potential as determined by in vivo tests. The cultures were exposed to UV radiation from an FS40 sunlamp at a dose that killed 40% of the cells. These UV radiation exposures were repeated at 3- to 5-day intervals for a total of 5 treatments. The mutation frequency was analyzed by monitoring the appearance of @entity7832 -resistant colonies following UV irradiation. With all four @entity5 lines, the frequency of conversion to @entity7832 resistance was increased more than 10-fold. @entity5 cells given 5 UV radiation treatments and control cultures carried in parallel without exposure to UV radiation were tested for metastatic potential in an in vivo lung colony assay. Cell lines treated in vitro with UV radiation produced more experimental metastases than the counterpart unirradiated cultures. We conclude that, in all four @entity5 lines, exposure of tumorigenic cells to mutagenic doses of UV radiation can alter their biological behavior and that this may contribute to the progression of @entity5 from low to high metastatic capability.

title: Enhanced metastatic potential of @entity19 XXXX treated in vitro with ultraviolet radiation.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1492 :: ('MESH:D005354', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosarcoma']

answer: @entity1492 :: (MESH:D005354,Disease) :: ['fibrosarcomas']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity2332 is the standard of care for @entity2806 ( @entity2806 ). This treatment was implemented at a regional level by the perinatal network of the City of Buenos Aires. The following are the objectives of this article: 1. To describe the implementation of the network's @entity2332 treatment program; 2. To report treatment-associated complications, adverse events and mortality. The program was implemented in stages: 1) 2009-2010. Training and instruction on how to use the equipment. 2) 20102014. Treatment and follow-up of @entity1 with moderate or severe @entity2806 . Up to October 2014, 27 newborn @entity1 received @entity2332 treatment with moderate (n= 15) and severe (n= 12) @entity2806 . None of the @entity1 died during treatment. Three newborn @entity1 were lost to follow-up. Among the 16 survivors older than one year old, three have severe @entity16 . Program implementation was plausible. It is imperative to train health care providers on how to identify @entity1 with @entity2806 .

title: Implementation in Buenos Aires City of a program to prevent @entity16 caused by XXXX : @entity2332 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological disability']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy', 'HIE']

entities_list: @entity2332 :: ('MESH:D007035', 'Disease') :: ['Therapeutic hypothermia', 'hypothermia']

answer: @entity2806 :: (MESH:D002545,Disease) :: ['hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy']


abstract: PURPOSE: We hypothesized that pediatric @entity130 @entity1 , initially evaluated at nontrauma centers with abdominal computed tomography (CT) scans, often undergo repeat scans after transfer. This study was designed to quantify this phenomenon, assess consequences, and elucidate possible causes. METHODS: This article is an institutional review board-approved, retrospective chart review of pediatric blunt @entity1661 @entity1 transferred to a level I @entity130 center from 2002 to 2007 and evaluated with abdominal CT at the @entity130 center or at a referring facility. RESULTS: A total of 388 @entity1 met the study criteria, with 6 @entity1 being excluded because of inability to verify outside records resulting in study group of 382 @entity1 . Of those 382 @entity1 , 199 (52%) underwent abdominal CT before transfer. Thirty-six (18%) of those 199 @entity1 underwent repeat CT scanning at our level I @entity130 center. Of these 36 @entity1 , 19 (53%) were transferred without their outside CT scans, with 10 (53%) of these 19 having significant @entity3511 . Of the remaining 17, 6 (17%) had repeat scans to assess changes in vital signs, or @entity1 condition, or because of inadequate outside imaging. The remaining 11 (30%) were repeated despite an acceptable outside CT and no change in @entity1 condition. Only 2 of 11 resulted in changed management. Additional radiation delivered from these repeat scans totaled 180 @entity2073 , and additional @entity1 charges totaled more than  110,000. There was an apparent trend toward increased repeat scanning (from 6.7% in 2002 to 16.7% in 2007). CONCLUSIONS: Abdominal CT scans, for evaluation of pediatric @entity130 , are frequently repeated after transfer from outside hospitals. In many cases, repeat scans provide useful diagnostic information. However, more than 80% of repeat scanning is potentially preventable with better education of transport personnel (paramedics, emergency medical technicians, and nurses) and emergency department physicians.

title: Repeat abdominal computed tomography scans after pediatric blunt XXXX : missed injuries, extra costs, and unnecessary radiation exposure.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1661 :: ('MESH:D000008', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal trauma']

entities_list: @entity3511 :: ('MESH:D000007', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal injuries']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['blunt trauma', 'trauma']

answer: @entity1661 :: (MESH:D000008,Disease) :: ['abdominal trauma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In addition to the regulation of @entity460 homeostasis, @entity560 affects the cellular immune system, targets the @entity1505 pathway and increases vasoconstrictor response to @entity1808 . We therefore examined the effect of @entity3873 on coagulation and organ failure in experimental @entity295 in the @entity35 . METHODS: Three series of placebo-controlled studies were conducted. All @entity35 were pre-treated with daily SC injections of @entity3873 100 ng/kg or placebo vehicle for 3 days. In study 1, @entity295 was accomplished by abdominal surgery comprising a coecal ligation and puncture with a 1,2 mm needle, or sham surgery. In study 2, the @entity35 had a single IP injection of lipopolysaccharide from @entity526 0111:B4 (LPS) 8 mg/kg, or placebo. In study 3, an hour-long IV infusion of LPS 7 mg/kg, or placebo was given. RESULTS: All three models of @entity295 showed significant effects on coagulation and liver function with reduced thrombocyte count and prothrombin time together with elevated ALT and @entity648 (p<0.05) as compared to controls. In study 1, the @entity560 treated @entity35 maintained normal platelet count, whereas the vehicle treated @entity35 showed a significant reduction (p<0.05). This effect of @entity560 on platelets was not found in the LPS-treated groups. We found no significant differences between @entity560 and placebo-treated @entity35 with regards to liver function. CONCLUSION: The present data suggest a positive modulating effect of @entity3873 supplementation on @entity295 -induced @entity132 in the coecal ligation and puncture model. No such effect was found in LPS-induced @entity295 .

title: Effect of XXXX in experimental @entity295 .

entities_list: @entity132 :: ('MESH:D010468', 'Disease') :: ['coagulation disturbances']

entities_list: @entity3873 :: ('MESH:D002117', 'Chemical') :: ['1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D(3)']

entities_list: @entity648 :: ('MESH:D001663', 'Chemical') :: ['bilirubin']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity560 :: ('MESH:D014807', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin D']

answer: @entity3873 :: (MESH:D002117,Chemical) :: ['1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D3']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: @entity11849 ( @entity11849 ) is a genotoxin produced by @entity3841 . In spite of its association with pathogenesis, little is known about the humoral immune response against the @entity11849 . This study aimed to test whether subgingival colonization and humoral response to A. actinomycetemcomitans would lead to a response against @entity11849 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: Sera from periodontally healthy, localized and generalized aggressive @entity2521 and @entity7278 subjects (n = 80) were assessed for immunoglobulin G titers to A. actinomycetemcomitans serotypes a/b/c and to each @entity11849 subunit (CdtA, @entity18877 and CdtC) by ELISA. A. actinomycetemcomitans subgingival levels and neutralization of @entity11849 activity were also analyzed. RESULTS: Sera from 75.0% localized and 81.8% generalized aggressive @entity2521 @entity1 reacted to A. actinomycetemcomitans. A response to serotype b was detected in localized (66.7%) and generalized aggressive @entity2521 (54.5%). Reactivity to A. actinomycetemcomitans correlated with subgingival colonization (R = 0.75, p < 0.05). There was no correlation between A. actinomycetemcomitans colonization or response to serotypes and the immunoglobulin G response to @entity11849 subunits. Titers of immunoglobulin G to CdtA and @entity18877 did not differ among groups; however, sera of all generalized aggressive @entity2521 @entity1 reacted to CdtC. Neutralization of @entity11849 was not correlated with levels of antibodies to @entity11849 subunits. CONCLUSION: Response to CdtA and @entity18877 did not correlate with the periodontal status of the subject in the context of an A. actinomycetemcomitans @entity281 . However, a response to CdtC was found in sera of generalized but not of localized aggressive @entity2521 subjects. Differences in response to CdtC between generalized and localized aggressive @entity2521 subjects indicate that @entity11849 could be expressed differently by the infecting strains. Alternatively, the antibody response to CdtC could require the colonization of multiple sites.

title: Immune response to cytolethal distending toxin of XXXX in @entity2521 @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity7278 :: ('MESH:D055113', 'Disease') :: ['chronic periodontitis']

entities_list: @entity11849 :: ('MESH:D065766', 'Disease') :: ['Cytolethal distending toxin', 'CDT']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity2521 :: ('MESH:D010518', 'Disease') :: ['periodontitis']

entities_list: @entity3841 :: ('714', 'Species') :: ['Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans']

answer: @entity3841 :: (714,Species) :: ['Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans']


abstract: PURPOSE: To retrospectively study the influence of @entity5 burden on lymphoscintigraphic imaging in 509 consecutive @entity1 with @entity320 . METHODS: Bidirectional lymphatic drainage, the clear depiction of an afferent lymphatic vessel, time to depiction of the first @entity1600 ( @entity1600 ) and number of depicted and excised nodes were recorded. @entity5 load was classified as @entity1600 -negative, @entity1600 micrometastases or macrometastases. RESULTS: In the overall population, using multivariate regression analysis, a short @entity1600 depiction time was significantly associated with the depiction of a greater number of radioactive nodes, a short distance between the primary @entity5 site and the nodal basin, younger age and lower @entity5 burden. The proportion of @entity1 with clear depiction of an afferent lymphatic vessel depended on the @entity5 load (46  % in @entity1600 -negative @entity1 , 57  % in @entity1600 positive @entity1 , and 69  % in @entity1 with macrometastases; P   =   0.009). Macrometastasis was significantly associated with delayed depiction of the first radioactive node and a greater number of depicted hotspots. In @entity1 with clinically nonsuspicious nodes, i.e. the classical target group for @entity1600 biopsy, clear depiction of an afferent vessel was significantly associated with a higher number of SLNs during dynamic acquisition, @entity1600 micrometastasis and a higher overall number of metastatic lymph nodes after @entity1600 biopsy plus completion lymphadenectomy. The excision of more than two SLNs did not increase the @entity3 detection rate. In @entity1 with bidirectional or tridirectional lymphatic drainage, the @entity1600 positivity rates for the first, second and third basin were 25.4  %, 11.7  % and 0.0  %, respectively (P   =   0.002). CONCLUSION: In @entity1 with clinically nonsuspicious lymph nodes, clear depiction of an afferent lymph vessel may be a sign of micrometastasis. Macrometastasis is associated with prominent afferent vessels, delayed depiction of the first radioactive node and a higher number of depicted hotspots.

title: The impact of XXXX burden on lymphoscintigraphic imaging in @entity1 with @entity320 .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['nodal tumour', 'Nodal tumour', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity1600 :: ('MESH:D014388', 'Disease') :: ['sentinel lymph node', 'SLN']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanomas']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['nodal tumour']


abstract: CONTEXT: Little is known about the relationship between sedative drugs used preoperatively and @entity260 . @entity2493 is a drug used to sedate @entity1 preoperatively and is hypothesized by recent works to have a curative effect on @entity260 . AIMS: The incidence of @entity260 will be tested if affected by three different sedative drugs including @entity2493 . SETTINGS AND DESIGN: Controlled randomized doubleblind study. @entity1 AND METHODS: Three-hundred @entity1 aged>65 years scheduled for hip arthroplasty under spinal anesthesia were randomly distributed to one of the four groups. Group 1 (control) received nothing for sedation. Group 2 ( @entity2493 ) received 5 mg @entity2493 . Group 3 ( @entity1363 ) received 7.5 mg @entity1363 . Group 4 ( @entity1338 ) received 100  g @entity1338 . These medications were given orally at sleep time at night of operation and another dose 90 min before operative time. @entity1 who developed @entity260 received 5 mg of @entity2493 9 pm for three successive days in a trial to treat @entity933 . STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Statistical analysis was done using the SPSS Software (version 13). RESULTS: Total of 222 @entity1 completed the study. Percentage of @entity260 in the control group was 32.65% (16/49 @entity1 ). The @entity2493 group showed a statistically significant decrease in the percentage of @entity260 to 9.43% (5/53 @entity1 ). @entity2493 was successful in treating 58.06% of @entity1 @entity260 (36/62 @entity1 ) with no difference between different groups. CONCLUSIONS: @entity260 is affected with the drug used for preoperative sedation. @entity2493 was successful in decreasing @entity260 when used preoperatively and in treating more than half of @entity1 developed @entity260 when used for three postoperative nights.

title: Assessment of role of perioperative XXXX in prevention and treatment of @entity260 after hip arthroplasty under spinal anesthesia in the elderly.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity933 :: ('MESH:D003693', 'Disease') :: ['delirium']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative delirium', 'Postoperative delirium', 'suffered postoperative delirium']

entities_list: @entity2493 :: ('MESH:D008550', 'Chemical') :: ['melatonin', 'Melatonin']

entities_list: @entity1338 :: ('MESH:D003000', 'Chemical') :: ['clonidine']

entities_list: @entity1363 :: ('MESH:D008874', 'Chemical') :: ['midazolam']

answer: @entity2493 :: (MESH:D008550,Chemical) :: ['melatonin']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity18921 (MK) is a member of a family of heparin-binding growth factors, which was reported to have an important role in angiogenesis. Although MK was reported to be associated with @entity150 progression, the functional significance of MK expression in @entity150 progression has not been elucidated. The objectives of this study were to determine whether overexpression of MK in @entity150 cells enhances their malignant potential and to evaluate the inhibitory effect of the antiangiogenic agent @entity10822 on the growth of MK-overexpressing @entity150 cells in vivo. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We introduced the MK gene into @entity1 @entity150 @entity1 cells that do not secrete a detectable level of MK protein and generated the MK-overexpressing cell line UM-UC-3/MK. The biological activity of secreted MK was evaluated using a @entity1 umbilical vein endothelial cell proliferation assay. To investigate the in vivo effects of MK overexpression on @entity5 growth, each cell line was injected s.c. and orthotopically into @entity19 . To evaluate the therapeutic effects of the antiangiogenic agent, @entity19 were given @entity10822 after s.c. injection of each cell line. The microvessel density of @entity5 was quantitated by immunohistochemistry of @entity2279 . RESULTS: The heparin affinity-purified conditioned media of @entity1 /MK cells significantly enhanced @entity1 umbilical vein endothelial cell proliferation. MK expression had no effect on in vitro growth but conferred a growth advantage on both s.c. and @entity5 in vivo. Furthermore, enhanced @entity5 growth was closely associated with increased microvessel density. Significant inhibition of @entity5 growth by @entity10822 treatment was observed only in UM-UC-3/ @entity5 and not in control @entity5 . CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrated that overexpression of the MK gene causes an increase in the angiogenic activity of cells through vascular endothelial cell growth, resulting in enhanced malignant potential of @entity1 @entity150 cells. Moreover, the present findings suggest that @entity10822 could be used as a novel therapeutic adjunct to conventional agents for @entity1 with advanced @entity150 overexpressing MK.

title: Introduction of midkine gene into @entity1 XXXX cells enhances their malignant phenotype but increases their sensitivity to antiangiogenic therapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'UM-UC-3', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'MK tumors', 'orthotopic tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder cancer']

answer: @entity150 :: (MESH:D001749,Disease) :: ['bladder cancer']


abstract: One hundred and eighty-four @entity1 with @entity263 were treated at Mie University Hospital from 1973 to 1993. They were between 47 and 90 years old, with an average age of 71.8 years old. One hundred and fifty-eight @entity1 (85.8%) were in either stage C or D. Of the 146 cases histologically examined, 17.8% were well differentiated @entity420 , and 47.9% and 34.2% were moderately and poorly differentiated @entity420 , respectively. The overall 3-year, 5-year and 10-year survival rate were 64.2%, 44.9% and 24.2%, respectively. The @entity1 with high stage and/or poorly differentiated @entity420 revealed worse prognosis. Although the prognosis in the @entity1 treated with @entity172 and orchiectomy was better than that with @entity172 alone, there was no significant difference between the 2 treatment groups. The prognosis of @entity1 with @entity263 has been improved since 1988. A possible explanation is that @entity1486 has been introduced as a @entity5 marker, which might contribute to an accurate diagnosis in @entity263 and improve the prognosis of the disease. In conclusion, the diagnosis in lower stage and radical prostatectomy might bring favorable prognosis. In future, safer and more effective chemotherapy and endocrine therapy including @entity1176 analogue are awaited, to obtain a better prognosis in the @entity1 with advanced @entity263 .

title: [Clinical study of XXXX --statistical analysis of 184 cases in the latest 21 years].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinomas', 'adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1486 :: ('354', 'Gene') :: ['prostate specific antigen']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostatic cancer']


abstract: AIMS: To evaluate multinational patterns of gender- and age-specific @entity167 consumption. DESIGN AND @entity1 : Large general-population surveys of @entity1 's and @entity1 's drinking behavior (n's > 900) in 35 countries in 1997-2007 used a standardized questionnaire (25 countries) or measures comparable to those in the standardized questionnaire. MEASUREMENTS: Data from @entity1 and @entity1 in three age groups (18-34, 35-49, 50-65) showed the prevalence of drinkers, former drinkers, and lifetime abstainers; and the prevalence of high-frequency, high-volume, and heavy episodic drinking among current drinkers. Analyses examined gender ratios for prevalence rates and the direction of changes in prevalence rates across age groups. FINDINGS: Drinking per se and high-volume drinking were consistently more prevalent among @entity1 than among @entity1 , but lifetime abstention from @entity167 was consistently more prevalent among @entity1 . Among respondents who had ever been drinkers, @entity1 in all age groups were consistently more likely to have stopped drinking than @entity1 were. Among drinkers, the prevalence of high-frequency drinking was consistently greatest in the oldest age group, particularly among @entity1 . Unexpectedly, the prevalence of drinking per se did not decline consistently with increasing age, and declines in high-volume and heavy episodic drinking with increasing age were more typical in Europe and English-speaking countries. CONCLUSIONS: As expected, @entity1 still exceed @entity1 in drinking and high-volume drinking, although gender ratios vary. Better explanations are needed for why more @entity1 than @entity1 quit drinking, and why aging does not consistently reduce drinking and heavy drinking outside Europe and English-speaking countries.

title: Gender and XXXX consumption: patterns from the multinational GENACIS project.

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PARTICIPANTS', 'women', 'men']

answer: @entity167 :: (CHEBI:16236,Chemical) :: ['alcohol']