abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: @entity31455 ( @entity31455 ), a modified @entity31456 , is neuroprotective and improves long-term function after @entity1545 in @entity35 . The present studies were designed to examine both the neuroprotective and neurotrophic actions of @entity31455 on neurochemical and behavioural changes in a @entity35 model of @entity191 . EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: To examine its protective effect, either @entity31455 (20 ng.day(-1)) or saline was given intracerebroventricularly for 3 days starting 2 h after @entity2955 ( @entity2955 ) induced @entity75 . In a subsequent experiment either @entity31455 (0.2, 1 and 5 mg.day(-1), s.c.) or saline was administered daily for 14 days starting 2 weeks after the lesion. Behavioural and neurochemical outcomes were examined using the adjusting step test and immunohistochemical staining. KEY RESULTS: @entity31455 given 2 h after the lesion reduced the degree of @entity51 compared with the saline-treated group. Delayed treatment with @entity31455 , initiated after the onset of @entity51 , significantly improved motor function from week 7 onwards compared with the saline-treated group. Neither treatment regime altered nigrostriatal @entity935 depletion. @entity31455 significantly enhanced the expression of @entity15990 -positive neuroblasts in the sub-ventricular zone. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: These studies reveal that early treatment with @entity31455 protects against the @entity51 induced by @entity2955 and that treatment initiated after the establishment of @entity73 significantly improves long-term motor function. These effects of @entity31455 on functional recovery were independent of @entity935 depletion and also appeared not to be symptomatic as the improved motor function was long-lasting. @entity31455 has potential as a therapeutic agent for @entity179 .

title: A novel XXXX improves functional recovery given after the onset of @entity2955 -induced @entity51 in @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity1545 :: ('MESH:D020214', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxic-ischaemic brain injury']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['unilateral striatal lesion']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['motor impairment']

entities_list: @entity31455 :: ('MESH:C540261', 'Chemical') :: ['Cyclo-L-glycyl-L-2-allylproline', 'NNZ-2591']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease"]

entities_list: @entity31456 :: ('MESH:D054659', 'Chemical') :: ['diketopiperazine']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['motor deficit']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['neurodegenerative disorders']

entities_list: @entity2955 :: ('MESH:D016627', 'Chemical') :: ['6-hydroxydopamine', '6-OHDA']

answer: @entity31456 :: (MESH:D054659,Chemical) :: ['diketopiperazine']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: In a subset of @entity1 with non-del(5q) @entity2590 ( @entity2590 ), @entity6985 promotes erythroid lineage competence and effective erythropoiesis. To determine the mechanism by which @entity6985 promotes erythropoiesis, we investigated its action on @entity5859 ( @entity5859 ) cellular dynamics. @entity6985 upregulated expression and stability of @entity4016 -associated @entity5859 in @entity1 erythroid cells and primary CD71+ erythroid progenitors. The effects of @entity6985 on receptor turnover were Type I cytokine receptor specific, as evidenced by co-regulation of the IL-3       receptor but not @entity2467 . To elucidate this mechanism, we investigated the effects of @entity6985 on the @entity34819 @entity34820 . @entity6985 promoted @entity5859 / @entity34820 association and inhibited @entity34820 auto-ubiquitination, accompanied by a reduction in @entity5859 ubiquitination. To confirm that @entity34820 is the principal target responsible for @entity5859 stabilization, HEK293T cells were transfected with @entity5859 and/or @entity34820 gene expression vectors. Steady state @entity5859 expression was reduced in @entity5859 / @entity34820 cells while @entity5859 upregulation by @entity6985 was abrogated, indicating that cellular @entity34820 is a critical determinant of drug-induced receptor modulation. Notably, shRNA suppression of @entity32167 gene expression failed to alter @entity5859 upregulation, indicating that drug-induced receptor modulation is independent of cereblon. Immunohistochemical staining showed that @entity34820 expression decreased in primary erythroid cells of @entity6985 responding @entity1 , suggesting that cellular @entity34820 expression merits investigation as a biomarker for @entity6985 response. Our findings indicate that @entity6985 has @entity34819 inhibitory effects that extend to @entity34820 , and that inhibition of @entity34820 auto-ubiquitination promotes membrane accumulation of signaling competent @entity4016 / @entity5859 complexes that augment Epo responsiveness.

title: @entity6985 Stabilizes the Erythropoietin Receptor by Inhibiting the XXXX @entity34820 .

entities_list: @entity5859 :: ('2057', 'Gene') :: ['erythropoietin receptor', 'EpoR']

entities_list: @entity2590 :: ('MESH:D009190', 'Disease') :: ['myelodysplastic syndrome', 'MDS']

entities_list: @entity6985 :: ('MESH:C467567', 'Chemical') :: ['Lenalidomide', 'lenalidomide']

answer: @entity34819 :: (158506,Gene) :: ['E3 Ubiquitin Ligase']


abstract: The @entity2916 is an @entity74 affecting the kidneys in about 60%, causing @entity454 in about 10% of the cases. Among more than 2800 renal transplant recipients during the last 33 years, we had two @entity1 with this original disease. A third @entity1 who underwent bilateral nephrectomy is currently awaiting a graft. The first @entity1 was diagnosed at the age of 20 years after a few episodes of @entity548 . At the age of 26 years her left kidney was removed after a @entity397 ; it measured 7500 g, and the histology described angiomyolipomatosis. A year later she underwent a cadaveric kidney transplantation. Subsequently her right kidney was removed due to @entity548 . She is currently 5 years posttransplant with stable kidney function and good health. Our second @entity1 was nephrectomized at the age of 35 years and 38 years because of angiomyolipomatosis. She underwent a cadaveric kidney transplantation 7 years later. After 5 years of excellent kidney function and a year after her arteriovenous fistula was ligated her upperarm had to be amputated because of uncontrollable @entity548 . After another 6 months, she displayed rapid progression of a @entity5 and during operation received 54 U of blood transfusion but died at the age of 49 years with a well-functioning graft. Our third @entity1 consecutively underwent two nephrectomies because of angiomyolipomatosis of her kidneys at the ages of 25 and 28 years. She has two @entity1 with the same disease. In addition she carries Leyden mutation, which has caused @entity1151 . She is currently on our waiting list for kidney transplantation. The @entity2916 is a rare indication for kidney transplantation; the prognosis of the @entity1 is dependent on the original disease.

title: XXXX for kidney transplantation: a single-center experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding', 'retroperitoneal bleeding']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['jejunal tumor']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['deep venous thromboses and pulmonary emboli']

entities_list: @entity2916 :: ('MESH:D014402', 'Disease') :: ['Bourneville-Pringle disease']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['autosomal-dominant disease']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage renal disease']

answer: @entity2916 :: (MESH:D014402,Disease) :: ['Bourneville-Pringle disease']


abstract: Primitive @entity4969 (PNETs) are @entity5 which primarily consist of undifferentiated round neuroepithelial cells. Central nervous system PNETs can be divided into two genetically distinct groups: infratentorial PNET (iPNET)/ @entity2946 and supratentorial PNET (sPNET). Currently, the comparative outcome of adult @entity1 with sPNETs and iPNETs is unknown. In this study we have utilized the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database to perform a comparative analysis of 103 cases of adult sPNET and 669 @entity2946 cases. Additionally we have analyzed various factors to identify their prognostic significance and characterize the optimal treatment for these @entity5 . @entity1 with sPNETs were seen to have a significantly worse survival than those diagnosed with @entity2946 (16 vs. 155 months, p < 0.0001). Elderly @entity1 (15 vs. 114 months, p < 0.0001) and those over the age of 40 (68 vs. 147 months, p < 0.0001) experienced significantly worse survival than younger @entity1 . In contrast, radiotherapy (143 vs. 26 months, p < 0.0001), surgical resection (116 vs. 22 months, p = 0.0010) and the extent of resection (EOR) (173 vs. 81 months, p = 0.0005) resulted in significantly improved @entity1 survival. Multivariate analysis revealed age greater than 40 years (HR: 1.57; 95 % CI: 1.17-2.11; p = 0.0028) and sPNET pathology (HR: 3.41; 95 % CI: 2.47-4.72; p < 0.0001) to be poor prognostic factors for survival while radiotherapy (HR: 0.52; 95 % CI: 0.38-0.71; p < 0.0001) and the EOR (HR: 0.73; 95 % CI: 0.55-0.96; p = 0.023) were associated with significantly improved survival. The treatment of sPNETs should therefore include maximal surgical resection when feasible followed by radiotherapy as these treatments have been demonstrated to confer a survival benefit. Additional studies are needed to identify effective chemotherapeutics and specific treatment regimens for adults with sPNETs.

title: Adult primitive XXXX : the prognostic value of supratentorial location.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2946 :: ('MESH:D008527', 'Disease') :: ['medulloblastoma', 'medulloblastomas', 'adult medulloblastoma']

entities_list: @entity4969 :: ('MESH:D017599', 'Disease') :: ['neuroectodermal tumors']

answer: @entity4969 :: (MESH:D017599,Disease) :: ['neuroectodermal tumors']


abstract: Acute non-specific @entity32 was induced in @entity35 by injection of isologous serum into the @entity1143 . Pleural and peritoneal cells were collected at various times after @entity5641 and tested for production of @entity8285 (LTB4), @entity1421 ( @entity1421 ) and prostacyclin (PGI2) after in-vitro stimulation with @entity460 ionophore A23187. Cells obtained by lavage of pleural and peritoneal cavities of normal @entity35 were used as controls. Increased production of LTB4, @entity1421 and PGI2 by pleural cells was observed 3 days after @entity5641 , but with a significant @entity308 of PGI2 release at 3 h. As the relative proportions of polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) and macrophages in the inflammatory exudate varied during the development of @entity32 , these cells were examined separately for LTB4 production. PMN and macrophages contributed equally to the liberation of this mediator in normal and inflamed @entity35 . Similar qualitative and quantitative changes in LTB4 production by pleural cells were observed, irrespective of the type of irritant used (isologous serum, dextran, carrageenan, microcrystals). In contrast, intrapleural injection of saline had no significant effect. In order to determine whether local @entity32 may influence mediator release by phagocytic cells at remote sites, peritoneal cells were collected 3 or 72 after @entity5641 . The production of LTB4, @entity1421 and PGI2 was increased at 72 h. Mediator production by peritoneal macrophages was observed in both normal and inflamed @entity35 . In conclusion, acute non-specific @entity32 provoked increased @entity1426 metabolite generation by phagocytes both locally and at a distance: this occurred more than 24 h after @entity5641 resolution.

title: Local and systemic effects of an acute XXXX on eicosanoid generation capacity of polymorphonuclear cells and macrophages.

entities_list: @entity1143 :: ('MESH:D010996', 'Disease') :: ['pleural cavity']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity8285 :: ('MESH:D007975', 'Chemical') :: ['leukotriene B4']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity1421 :: ('MESH:D015232', 'Chemical') :: ['PGE2', 'prostaglandin E2']

entities_list: @entity5641 :: ('MESH:D010998', 'Disease') :: ['pleurisy', 'pleurisy induction']

entities_list: @entity1426 :: ('MESH:D016718', 'Chemical') :: ['arachidonic acid']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

answer: @entity32 :: (MESH:D007249,Disease) :: ['inflammation']


abstract: @entity6069 mutations represent approximately 5 % of unselected Chinese @entity1 with @entity0 . However, the @entity0 risk of Chinese @entity1 with @entity6069 mutations is unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to estimate the age-specific cumulative risk of @entity0 in Chinese @entity1 who carry a @entity5345 or @entity2674 mutation. Our study included 1816 unselected Chinese @entity1 with @entity0 and 5549 female first-degree relatives of these probands. All probands were screened for @entity6069 mutation. The age-specific cumulative risks of @entity6069 carriers were estimated using the kin-cohort study by comparing the history of @entity0 in first-degree female relatives of @entity6069 carriers and non-carriers. Among the 1816 probands, 125 @entity6069 pathogenic mutations were identified (70 in the @entity5345 gene and 55 in the @entity2674 gene). The incidence of @entity0 in the first-degree female relatives of @entity5345 /2 mutation carriers was significantly higher (3.7-fold and 4.4-fold for @entity5345 and @entity2674 mutation carriers, respectively) than in non-carriers. The estimated cumulative risks of @entity0 by age 70 years were 37.9 % [95 % confidence interval (CI) 24.1-54.4 %] for @entity5345 mutation carriers and 36.5 % (95 % CI 26.7-51.8 %) for @entity2674 mutation carriers, respectively. Our study suggests that the @entity0 risk of Chinese @entity1 with @entity6069 mutations appears to be relatively high by the age of 70. Therefore, genetic counseling, enhanced surveillance, and individual preventive strategies should be provided for Chinese @entity1 who carry a @entity6069 mutation.

title: @entity0 risk in Chinese @entity1 with @entity5345 or XXXX mutations.

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

answer: @entity2674 :: (675,Gene) :: ['BRCA2']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare objective and subjective outcomes after the @entity365 ( @entity365 ) with laparoscopic mesh colposuspension as a primary treatment for female stress urinary @entity322 . Objective outcome measures were stress test and 48-hour pad test. METHODS: In 6 departments of gynecology in Finland, including 4 university teaching hospitals and 2 central hospitals, 128 @entity1 with urodynamic @entity3142 were randomly allocated to 2 treatment groups. Seventy were treated with @entity365 and 51 by means of laparoscopic mesh colposuspension. There were 7 dropouts. Inclusion criteria were history of @entity3142 , positive stress test, and urodynamic conformation of @entity3142 . Exclusion criteria were age older than 70 years, previous @entity322 surgery, more than 3 episodes of @entity293 within the last 2 years, coincident other gynecological surgery, body mass index more than 32 kg/m(2), urethral closure pressure less than 20 cm @entity2507 , and residual volume more than 100 mL in preoperative urodynamic evaluation. Assessment took place before treatment and at 12 months postoperatively with the cough stress test, Urge Score, 48-hour pad test, King's College Health Questionnaire, Visual Analog Scale, and Urinary Incontinence Severity Score. RESULTS: When negative stress test was used as criteria for cure, 85.7% of @entity1 in the @entity365 group and 56.9% in the laparoscopic mesh colposuspension group were objectively cured. Subject satisfaction was significantly better after the @entity365 procedure than after laparoscopic mesh colposuspension. CONCLUSION: Treatment with @entity365 results in higher objective and subjective cure rates at 1 year than treatment by means of laparoscopic mesh colposuspension.

title: Tension-free vaginal tape and laparoscopic mesh colposuspension for stress urinary XXXX .

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['incontinence']

entities_list: @entity365 :: ('MESH:D014627', 'Disease') :: ['tension-free vaginal tape procedure', 'TVT']

entities_list: @entity293 :: ('MESH:D014552', 'Disease') :: ['urinary tract infection']

entities_list: @entity3142 :: ('MESH:D014550', 'Disease') :: ['stress incontinence']

answer: @entity322 :: (MESH:D014549,Disease) :: ['incontinence']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the proper management of @entity1 found to have invasive @entity5 on pathologic examination of a uterus removed for benign indications. METHODS: We report 18 @entity1 undergoing hysterectomy who were found to have @entity5 with invasion deeper than 3 mm and/or lymph-vascular space involvement. None had gross @entity41 following simple hysterectomy. All @entity1 underwent a second operation. Seventeen @entity1 underwent a radical parametrectomy, upper vaginectomy, and pelvic lymphadenectomy; one had pelvic and periaortic lymphadenectomy alone because of bilateral grossly positive obturator nodes. RESULTS: Median follow-up was 72 months. One of the 15 @entity1 without @entity66 or nodal involvement at second operation had pelvic recurrence 66 months after therapy. Three @entity1 with disease identified at radical surgery underwent tailored postoperative pelvic radiation, and two of these had pelvic recurrence. The overall actuarial 5-year survival for the 18 @entity1 was 89%. Operative morbidity was comparable to that of @entity1 undergoing primary radical hysterectomy. CONCLUSION: This study confirms that @entity1 with unexpected @entity3 found at total hysterectomy can undergo radical re-operation with low morbidity and excellent cure rates.

title: Surgical treatment of unexpected XXXX found at total hysterectomy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['residual disease']

entities_list: @entity41 :: ('MESH:D018365', 'Disease') :: ['residual tumor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cervical cancer', 'cancer of the cervix']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['invasive cervical cancer']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['invasive cervical cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity2885 ( @entity2885 ) is a serious @entity2348 that can cause renal scarring in @entity1 . Early identification of @entity2885 is critical to improve treatment outcomes. The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a prognostic marker of many diseases, but it has not yet been established in @entity293 ( @entity293 ). The aim of this study was to determine whether NLR is a useful marker to predict @entity2885 or @entity3025 ( @entity3025 ). METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated 298 pediatric @entity1 (age <=36 months) with febrile @entity293 from January 2010 to December 2014. Conventional infection markers (white blood cell [WBC] count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate [ESR], @entity1851 [CRP]), and NLR were measured. RESULTS: WBC, CRP, ESR, and NLR were higher in @entity2885 than in lower @entity293 (P<0.001). Multiple logistic regression analyses showed that NLR was a predictive factor for positive @entity9409 ( @entity9409 ) defects (P<0.001). The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was high for NLR (P<0.001) as well as CRP (P<0.001) for prediction of @entity9409 defects. NLR showed the highest area under the ROC curve for diagnosis of @entity3025 (P<0.001). CONCLUSION: NLR can be used as a diagnostic marker of @entity2885 with @entity9409 defect, showing better results than those of conventional markers for @entity3025 prediction.

title: Usefulness of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio in young XXXX with febrile @entity293 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2348 :: ('MESH:D001424', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial infection']

entities_list: @entity9409 :: ('MESH:D004113', 'Chemical') :: ['DMSA', 'dimercaptosuccinic acid']

entities_list: @entity3025 :: ('MESH:D014718', 'Disease') :: ['vesicoureteral reflux', 'VUR']

entities_list: @entity2885 :: ('MESH:D011704', 'Disease') :: ['Acute pyelonephritis', 'APN']

entities_list: @entity293 :: ('MESH:D014552', 'Disease') :: ['urinary tract infection', 'UTI']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: The proper use of resistance genes (R genes) requires a comprehensive understanding of their genomics and evolution. We analyzed genes encoding @entity4334 -binding sites and @entity368 -rich repeats in the genomes of @entity579 ( @entity579 ), @entity2829 ( @entity2829 ), @entity1101 ( @entity1101 ), and @entity1102 . Frequent deletions and translocations of R genes generated prevalent presence/absence polymorphism between different accessions/species. The deletions were caused by unequal crossover, homologous repair, nonhomologous repair, or other unknown mechanisms. R gene loci identified from different genomes were mapped onto the chromosomes of @entity579 cv Nipponbare using comparative genomics, resulting in an integrated map of 495 R loci. Sequence analysis of R genes from the partially sequenced genomes of an African @entity579 cultivar and 10 wild accessions suggested that there are many additional R gene lineages in the AA genome of Oryza. The R genes with chimeric structures (termed type I R genes) are diverse in different @entity579 accessions but only account for 5.8% of all R genes in the Nipponbare genome. In contrast, the vast majority of R genes in the @entity579 genome are type II R genes, which are highly conserved in different accessions. Surprisingly, pseudogene-causing mutations in some type II lineages are often conserved, indicating that their conservations were not due to their functions. Functional R genes cloned from @entity579 so far have more type II R genes than type I R genes, but type I R genes are predicted to contribute considerable diversity in wild species. Type I R genes tend to reduce the microsynteny of their flanking regions significantly more than type II R genes, and their flanking regions have slightly but significantly lower G/C content than those of type II R genes.

title: Dynamic XXXX -binding site and @entity368 -rich repeat-encoding genes in the grass family.

entities_list: @entity1102 :: ('15368', 'Species') :: ['Brachypodium distachyon']

entities_list: @entity368 :: ('CHEBI:25017', 'Chemical') :: ['leucine']

entities_list: @entity1101 :: ('4558', 'Species') :: ['Sorghum bicolor', 'sorghum']

entities_list: @entity579 :: ('4530', 'Species') :: ['Oryza sativa', 'rice']

answer: @entity4334 :: (D009711,Chemical) :: ['nucleotide']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The radial artery is frequently the second graft of choice after the left internal thoracic artery in coronary artery bypass graft surgery. However, the optimal radial artery proximal @entity254 site remains controversial. The aim of the present study was to compare the radial artery patency according to its use as either an aorta-radial artery graft or composite radial artery graft in coronary artery bypass grafting. METHODS: A total of 1735 @entity1 received coronary artery bypass grafting using the radial artery between January 2001 and July 2007, of whom 893 received serial computed tomographic coronary angiographies; these @entity1 formed the basis of the current study. The @entity1 were divided into 2 groups: group I (direct radial artery to aortic @entity254 , n = 451 @entity1 ) and group II (radial artery composite grafting with the left internal thoracic artery, n = 442 @entity1 ). The number of distal radial artery anastomoses performed in group I was 657 and 749 in group II. Sequential bypassing was performed in 399 @entity1 . RESULTS: The early patency rate was significantly higher in group I than in group II (98.3% vs 94.5%; P = .004). The 1-, 2-, and 5-year patency rates were also higher in group I than in group II (93.8% +/- 1.2%, 90.5% +/- 1.6%, and 74.3% +/- 6.1%, vs 90.5% +/- 1.4%, 85.3% +/- 1.9%, and 65.2% +/- 4.2%, respectively; P = .004). Multivariate analysis showed composite grafting (P = .02), the degree of @entity850 <90% (P = .001), and the target revascularization site (P = .005) to be significant risk factors for occlusion. CONCLUSION: The results of the current data showed superior early and late patency rates of coronary artery bypass grafting with radial artery to aorta @entity254 compared with left internal thoracic artery-radial artery composite grafting.

title: Comparison of radial artery patency according to proximal @entity254 site: direct aorta to radial artery XXXX is superior to radial artery composite grafting.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['target vessel stenosis']

answer: @entity254 :: (MESH:C563598,Disease) :: ['anastomosis']


abstract: Metastatic @entity409 is a challenging and life-threatening situation often with dismal prognosis. Nearly half of the @entity1 with @entity14 develop liver @entity3 during the course of their diseases. Hepatic resection is the treatment of choice in @entity1 with @entity14 . This study was conducted to compare the results of @entity1 undergoing simultaneous liver and colorectal resection for synchronous liver @entity3 and of those for whom a colorectal and liver resection was made separately. A retrospective analysis was performed on 1597 @entity1 who underwent surgery because of @entity14 between January 1999 and December 2008. The results of the treatment were separately evaluated in case of the 152 @entity1 who had liver @entity3 . The proportion of the liver @entity3 was 9.52%. The @entity3 arose in 40.8% from the rectum and in 31.8% from the sigmoid colon. It proved to be inoperable in 109 (71.7%) of the 152 @entity1 who had liver @entity3 . Simultaneous liver resection was performed because of synchronous @entity3 in 14 (32.6%) cases (Group 1) and two step resection in 29 (67.4%) cases (Group 2). In case of synchronous operations only minor liver surgery was done. The mean size of the @entity3 was 2.6 cm in diameter in Group 1 and 4.6 cm in Group 2 (p<0.005). The transfused blood volume was 0.3 U/ @entity1 . Only minor complications could be observed in Group 1. The hospitalization was 13.1 days in Group 1 and 11.7 days in Group 2. The mean survival time was 37.3 and 47.9 months (p<0.005). Simultaneous liver resection seems to be a safe procedure on those @entity1 who develop small @entity3 with a limited number. However, the optimal timing of the liver resection and the identification of @entity1 who will have the greatest benefit in survival still remain obscure.

title: [Surgical treatment of liver XXXX in @entity14 with simultaneous liver resection].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver disease']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'metastases']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer', 'colorectal liver metastasis']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['metastasis']


abstract: Little epidemiological data are available to enable the development of a dose-response relationship for the effects of @entity10225 , powerful sensitizing agents in @entity1 . Remarkably, most classes of effects have been reproduced in some animal models and parallels between animals and @entity1 are impressive. In this paper animal data concerning different effects of TDI on the respiratory system were used to calculate acceptable exposure levels for @entity1 . Animal data on respiratory irritation, sensitization, airway hyperresponsiveness, and gradual loss of pulmonary function are discussed. Two different approaches for extrapolation to @entity1 were applied to these data. The two models used to extrapolate animal data to @entity1 gave similar results. The extrapolations lead to acceptable exposure varying from 6 to 46 ppb. Most international acceptable levels for occupational airborne TDI exposure are within this range. Interestingly, the lowest standard is obtained using the data on respiratory irritation. It is, however, concluded that there is no critical (adverse) effect to define acceptable @entity26678 exposure since the data were obtained from different studies and the accuracy of the applied extrapolation approach might depend on the biological effect considered. We recommend prior testing of "alternative" @entity20312 in one of the animal models described and calibrated for TDI.

title: Setting acceptable exposure limits for XXXX on the basis of different airway effects observed in animals.

entities_list: @entity10225 :: ('MESH:D017953', 'Chemical') :: ['isocyanates']

entities_list: @entity26678 :: ('MESH:D014051', 'Chemical') :: ['toluene diisocyanate']

entities_list: @entity20312 :: ('CHEBI:53213', 'Chemical') :: ['diisocyanates']

answer: @entity26678 :: (MESH:D014051,Chemical) :: ['toluene diisocyanate']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity5433 is a well-known feature in neurodegenerative @entity303 , especially common in a-synucleinopathies like @entity303 with @entity1832 and @entity191 with @entity303 . The most common symptoms are @entity551 , @entity322 and @entity1142 , but its relevance in clinical practice is poorly understood. There are no earlier studies addressing the influence of @entity5433 on clinical course and survival. The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of the three most common features of @entity5433 and analyze how it affects survival. METHODS: Thirty @entity1 with @entity303 with @entity1832 and @entity191 with @entity303 were included in this prospective, longitudinal follow-up study. Presence of @entity322 and @entity1142 was recorded at baseline. Blood pressure was measured at baseline, after 3 months and after 6 months according to standardized procedures, with 5 measurements during 10 minutes after rising. @entity551 was defined using consensus definitions and persistent @entity551 was defined as 5 or more measurements with @entity551 . Difference in survival was analyzed 36 months after baseline. RESULTS: There was a high frequency of persistent orthostatic blood pressure (50%), @entity1142 (30%) and @entity322 (30%). @entity1 with persistent @entity551 had a significantly shorter survival compared to those with no or non-persistent @entity551 (Log rank x(2)=4.47, p=0.034). @entity1 with @entity1142 and/or urinary @entity322 , in addition to persistent @entity551 , had a poorer prognosis compared to those with isolated persistent @entity551 or no @entity551 (Log rank x(2)=6.370, p=0.041). DISCUSSION: According to our findings, the identification of @entity5433 seems to be of great importance in clinical practice, not only to avoid falls and other complications, but also as a possible predictor of survival.

title: The impact of @entity5433 on survival in @entity1 with @entity303 with @entity1832 and @entity191 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['incontinence']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementias', 'dementia']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease"]

entities_list: @entity1832 :: ('MESH:D020961', 'Disease') :: ['Lewy bodies']

entities_list: @entity5433 :: ('MESH:C563939', 'Disease') :: ['Autonomic dysfunction', 'autonomic dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1142 :: ('MESH:D003248', 'Disease') :: ['constipation']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['Orthostatic hypotension', 'orthostatic hypotension']

answer: @entity303 :: (MESH:D003704,Disease) :: ['dementia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the cost-effectiveness of a widespread prenatal population-based @entity2100 carrier screening program. STUDY DESIGN: A decision tree was designed comparing screening versus not screening for the @entity2100 protein 1 premutation in all pregnant @entity1 . Baseline values included a prevalence of @entity2100 protein 1 premutations of 3.3 per 1000, a premutation expansion rate of 11.3%, and a 99% sensitivity of the screening test. The cost of the screening test was varied from 75 US dollars to 300 US dollars. A sensitivity analysis of the probabilities, utilities, and costs was performed. RESULTS: The screening strategy would lead to the identification of 80% of the fetuses affected by @entity2100 annually. Assuming the cost of 95 US dollars per test and only one @entity1 , the program would be cost effective at 14,858 US dollars per quality-adjusted life-year. The screening strategy remained cost effective up to 140 US dollars per test and 1 @entity1 per @entity1 or for 2 @entity1 per @entity1 up to a cost of 281 US dollars per test. CONCLUSION: Population-based screening for the @entity2100 premutation may be both clinically desirable and cost effective. Prospective pilot studies of this screening modality are needed in the prenatal setting.

title: Cost-effectiveness analysis of prenatal population-based XXXX carrier screening.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'children', 'woman', 'child']

entities_list: @entity2100 :: ('MESH:D005600', 'Disease') :: ['fragile X mental retardation', 'fragile X']

answer: @entity2100 :: (MESH:D005600,Disease) :: ['fragile X']


abstract: PURPOSE: Although traditionally not indicated for the treatment of @entity571 ( @entity571 ), regenerative procedures are becoming a focus of increased interest due to their potential to provide @entity158 relief and alter the progression of @entity179 . The purpose of this study was to assess whether a combined biomechanical and biological approach could offer good results in unicompartmental @entity571 , thus delaying the need for unicompartmental arthroplasty in @entity1 too young or refusing metal resurfacing. METHODS: Forty-three @entity1 (mean age = 40.1    11 years, 33 @entity1 and 10 @entity1 , mean BMI = 25    3) affected by unicompartmental @entity571 (Kellegren-Lawrence score = 3) in stable joints were enrolled and treated consecutively. Fifteen @entity1 were treated with osteotomy and osteochondral biomimetic scaffold implant (3 of them also with meniscal substitution), 11 with osteotomy and meniscal scaffold implant, 9 with osteotomy and meniscal allograft implant, and 8 with both cartilage and meniscal reconstruction, depending on the specific joint compartment main requirements. Clinical evaluation was performed at 3-year (2-4) median follow-up using the following scoring systems: IKDC subjective and objective, VAS for @entity158 , and Tegner scores. Failures, adverse events, and complications were also reported. RESULTS: The IKDC subjective score improved from 47.3 to 79.6 at the final evaluation (p < 0.0005), VAS improved from 6.1 to 2.3 (p < 0.0005), and also sport activity level evaluated with the Tegner score showed a significant improvement, from 2 (1-5) to 4 (3-10; p < 0.0005), even if without achieving the pre-injury level (6, p = 0.001). A further subanalysis confirmed the positive outcome obtained in all the treatment subgroups and showed a higher clinical improvement in @entity1 under the age of 40 years (IKDC subjective 84.4    13.2 vs 76.5    17.3; p = 0.03). CONCLUSION: This integrated biological and biomechanical approach produced a marked improvement at short-medium follow-up in @entity1 affected by unicompartmental @entity571 . Even though a good outcome was achieved at all ages, @entity1 under the age of 40 years presented a greater clinical and subjective improvement. Longer follow-up studies are needed to show results over time and confirm this approach as an effective alternative to unicompartmental implants.

title: Unicompartmental XXXX : an integrated biomechanical and biological approach as alternative to metal resurfacing.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['degenerative diseases']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['osteoarthritis', 'OA']

answer: @entity571 :: (MESH:D010003,Disease) :: ['osteoarthritis']


abstract: The association between @entity281 and childhood @entity66 remains controversial. The majority of studies have been carried out in tropical areas, whereas less information is available from western countries with @entity281 . In the Netherlands, the @entity281 of @entity1707 with @entity10130 is very common, particularly on @entity1707 farms with outdoor facilities. This helminth can also infect @entity1 , causing @entity9160 . This study aims at determining the prevalence of antibodies against A. suum and its association with @entity56 and sensitisation in a population of 4-year-old @entity1 living in The Netherlands. Blood samples from 629 @entity1 from the prospective birth cohort Prevention and Incidence of @entity566 (PIAMA) study were examined for Ascaris antibodies. Data on @entity56 and sensitisation were collected using questionnaires and radioallergosorbent tests (RAST). A total of 45 out of 629 (7%) were found to be Ascaris-seropositive. In addition, a positive association between Ascaris seropositivity and wheeze in the last year, doctor-diagnosed @entity565 and food and aero-allergen sensitisation was found. These results support the hypothesis that low-level or transient @entity281 with helminths enhances @entity56 reactivity.

title: Prevalence of antibodies against @entity10130 and its association with XXXX manifestations in 4-year-old @entity1 in The Netherlands: the PIAMA birth cohort study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'humans']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['atopic diseases']

entities_list: @entity566 :: ('MESH:D006967', 'Disease') :: ['Asthma and Mite Allergy']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['low intensity of helminth infections', 'helminth infections', 'infection']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic symptoms', 'allergic']

entities_list: @entity9160 :: ('MESH:D007816', 'Disease') :: ['visceral larva migrans']

answer: @entity56 :: (MESH:D004342,Disease) :: ['allergic']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Available data suggest that improvement in @entity1002 ( @entity1002 ) is a major predictor of improved survival in @entity712 ( @entity712 ). Although certain factors are associated with improvements in @entity1002 in select @entity1 with @entity712 enrolled in clinical trials, relatively little is known about such factors among @entity1 in clinical practice. This study evaluated changes in @entity1002 and associated factors in outpatients with systolic @entity712 or post- @entity583 with reduced @entity1002 during 24 months of follow-up. METHODS: IMPROVE @entity712 is a prospective evaluation of a practice-based performance improvement intervention implemented at outpatient cardiology/multispecialty practices to increase use of guideline-recommended care for eligible @entity1 . Data were analyzed by @entity1 groups based on absolute improvement in @entity1002 (<0%, 0- <=10%, and >10%) from baseline to 24 months and by change in @entity1002 as a continuous variable. RESULTS: A total of 3,994 @entity1 from 155 of 167 practices were eligible for analysis. The overall mean @entity1002 increased from 25.8% at baseline to 32.3% (+6.4%) at 24 months (P < .001), and 28.6% of @entity1 had a >10% improvement in ejection fraction (from 24.5% to 46.2%, 92% relative improvement). Age, race, and practice setting were similar between the 3 @entity1002 improvement groups. Multivariate analysis revealed female sex, no prior @entity583 , nonischemic @entity712 etiology, and no digoxin use were associated with >10% improvement in @entity1002 . CONCLUSIONS: Among @entity1 with @entity712 receiving care in cardiology/multispecialty practices participating in a performance measure intervention, surviving, and having repeat @entity1002 assessment, close to one third of @entity1 had a >10% improvement in @entity1002 at 24 months. These findings indicate that @entity712 is not always a progressive disease and that differentiation of the heterogeneous @entity712 phenotypes may set the stage for future research and therapeutic targets.

title: Factors associated with improvement in ejection fraction in clinical practice among @entity1 with XXXX : findings from IMPROVE @entity712 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['HF', 'heart failure']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular ejection fraction', 'LVEF']

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['heart failure']


abstract: Background. The relationship between @entity1127 and @entity74 in @entity249 @entity1 is unclear. Our objective was to determine such an association from our database and review the literature. Methods. Twenty-two @entity249 @entity1 with @entity1127 were assessed for coexistence of oligoovulation/ @entity3206 and @entity46 with stratification for polyp diameter (large: >= 5   mm diameter, small <5   mm diameter). Result(s). @entity3206 was more prevalent in @entity1 with large versus small @entity1127 (P = 0.0048). Endometriosis was associated with both large and small @entity1127 . Conclusion(s). This case series confirms the association of @entity1127 with oligoovulation/ @entity3206 and @entity46 in @entity249 @entity1 . This case series is limited by a lack of controls.

title: Cornual polyps of the fallopian tube are associated with @entity46 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity249 :: ('MESH:D007246', 'Disease') :: ['infertile']

entities_list: @entity1127 :: ('MESH:D011127', 'Disease') :: ['tubal cornual polyps', 'polyps']

entities_list: @entity3206 :: ('MESH:D000858', 'Disease') :: ['anovulation', 'Oligoovulation/anovulation']

entities_list: @entity46 :: ('MESH:D004715', 'Disease') :: ['endometriosis']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['endometriosis and ovulatory disorders']

answer: @entity3206 :: (MESH:D000858,Disease) :: ['anovulation']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The clinical course in @entity2416 ( @entity2416 ) is highly heterogeneous, with some @entity1 having a slow progression and others an accelerated clinical and functional decline. This study aims to clinically characterize the type of progression in @entity2416 and to investigate the pathological basis that might account for the observed differences in disease behavior. Clinical and functional data were analyzed in 73 @entity2416 @entity1 , followed long-time as candidates for lung transplantation. The forced vital capacity (FVC) change/year (< or >= 10% predicted) was used to define "slow" or "rapid" disease progression. @entity66 were quantified in the explanted lung of 41 out of 73 @entity1 undergoing lung transplantation. At diagnosis, slow progressors (n = 48) showed longer duration of symptoms and lower FVC than rapid progressors (n = 25). Eleven slow and 3 rapid progressors developed an acute exacerbation (AE) during follow-up. Quantitative lung pathology showed a severe innate and adaptive inflammatory infiltrate in rapid progressors, markedly increased compared to slow progressors and similar to that observed in @entity1 experiencing AE. The extent of @entity32 was correlated with the yearly FVC decline (r = 0.52, p = 0.005). In conclusion an innate and adaptive @entity32 appears to be a prominent feature in the lung of @entity1 with @entity2416 and could contribute to determining of the rate of disease progression.

title: Immune @entity32 and Disease Progression in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2416 :: ('MESH:D054990', 'Disease') :: ['IPF', 'idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['Pathological abnormalities']

answer: @entity2416 :: (MESH:D054990,Disease) :: ['Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis']


abstract: BALB/c @entity19 that are infected with @entity5765 develop @entity1374 . Viral antigens were seen in the cytoplasm of epithelial cells but not in the surrounding colloidal space of the thyroid. Examination of sera from the infected @entity19 revealed autoantibodies that, by immunofluorescence, reacted with second antigens in the colloid (ground-glass staining pattern) and thyroglobulin (puffy staining pattern). An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay designed to identify the reactive antigens showed the autoantibodies to direct against thyroglobulin. Synthetic serum thymic factor (FTS) suppressed autoantibody production to the thyroid after @entity5765 infection. @entity5765 , in contrast to @entity5765 , did not induce autoantibodies to react against thyroglobulin. By the use of recombinants between @entity5765 and Type 3, the segment of the reovirus genome responsible for the induction of autoantibodies to thyroglobulin was identified. Virus containing the S1 genome segment from @entity5765 , which codes the sigma 1 polypeptide (i.e. haemagglutinin), infected epithelial cells in the thyroid and induced autoantibodies against the thyroglobulin. However, virus containing the S1 gene segment from @entity5765 failed to infect cells in the thyroid and did not induce autoantibodies against thyroglobulin. In this study, @entity5765 induces @entity1374 and @entity792 , and the S1 gene segment is required for the induction of autoantibodies against thyroglobulin.

title: Anti-thyroglobulin antibodies induced with recombinant reovirus infection in BALB/c XXXX .

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmunity']

entities_list: @entity1374 :: ('MESH:D013959', 'Disease') :: ['thyroiditis']

entities_list: @entity5765 :: ('538123', 'Species') :: ['reovirus Type 1', 'reovirus Type 3', 'Reovirus Type 3']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: We reviewed the surgical records of 77 @entity1 who had undergone 7-mm bilateral medial rectus recessions for large-angle @entity5971 . The mean age of onset of @entity5971 in these @entity1 was 3.5 months, and the mean age at the time of surgery was 12.9 months. The mean preoperative deviation was @entity28012 of @entity5971 . This procedure resulted in satisfactory horizontal alignment in 47 @entity1 (61%) at their latest follow-up examination (mean, 27 months; range, 6 months to 6 years). The @entity5971 was undercorrected in 21 @entity1 (27%) and overcorrected in nine (12%). Amblyopia was noted in 30%, oblique @entity121 in 44%, and @entity4785 in 36% of the @entity1 . Regression analysis of multiple variables showed alignment at 6 weeks to be the only predictor of the final outcome (R = .83). Extramacular fusion was achieved in 10 of 11 @entity1 for whom reliable sensory data were available. The mean age at surgery of these @entity1 was 9.7 months. Seven-millimeter bilateral medial rectus recessions are an effective alternative to three- and four-muscle procedures in the initial treatment of large-angle @entity5971 during infancy.

title: Results from 7-mm bilateral recessions of the medial rectus muscles for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity4785 :: ('MESH:D004213', 'Disease') :: ['dissociated vertical deviation']

entities_list: @entity5971 :: ('MESH:D004948', 'Disease') :: ['congenital esotropia', 'esotropia']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['muscle dysfunction']

answer: @entity5971 :: (MESH:D004948,Disease) :: ['congenital esotropia']


abstract: In the runner study, as measured by tourniquet @entity158 , exercise stress produced hypoalgesia 20 minutes post-run, followed by @entity1931 and euphoria at 30 minutes. The hypoalgesia and euphoria were reversed by @entity1510 . Exercise stress also produced a decrease in P(A), suggesting hypoalgesia to the thermal cutaneous stimulation. However, this analgesia was not @entity1510 reversible. Nor did exercise stress produce analgesia to cold-pressor @entity158 . In the acupuncture study, noxious electrical stimulation of classical acupuncture sites failed to produce analgesia either during or after stimulation. However, expectation did produce a change in the @entity158 report criterion, but only in the acupunctured arm. Noxious electrical stimulation (TENS) of the median nerve produced no analgesia outside of the related segmental area, that is, acute electrical @entity158 did not produce generalized hypoalgesia. Thus, the effects of the stress produced by noxious electrical stimulation differ from that produced by exercise. In contrast to the results of the acute @entity158 studies, chronic @entity158 , which combines mental stress and @entity158 stress, produced strong hypoalgesia and anesthesia. Again, in contrast to the acute experimental @entity158 studies, the emotional stress of @entity1032 produces hypoalgesia, but not anesthesia. Finally, the somatosensory system is not the only the sensory system affected by stress. Cold-pressor @entity227 both during and for a few minutes following stimulation, and does not interfere with short-term (supra-digit span) memory.

title: Altered XXXX in humans: the effects of acute and chronic stress.

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['mental illness']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['pain decreases visual sensitivity']

entities_list: @entity1931 :: ('MESH:D006930', 'Disease') :: ['hyperalgesia']

entities_list: @entity1510 :: ('MESH:D009270', 'Chemical') :: ['naloxone']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['clinical pain', 'ischemic pain', 'pain']

answer: @entity227 :: (MESH:D014786,Disease) :: ['pain and visual sensitivity']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Infrapopliteal angioplasty (percutaneous transluminal angioplasty [PTA]) is routinely used to treat @entity63 ( @entity63 ) despite limited data on long-term outcomes. METHODS: We reviewed all @entity1 undergoing infrapopliteal PTA for @entity63 from 2004 to 2012 stratified by TransAtlantic Inter-Society Consensus (TASC) class. Outcomes included restenosis, primary patency, reintervention (w/PTA or bypass), amputation, procedural complications, wound healing, and survival. RESULTS: Infrapopliteal PTA (stenting 14%, multilevel intervention 50%) was performed in 459 limbs of 413 @entity1 (59% male) with a technical success of 93% and perioperative complications in 11%. TASC class was 16% A, 22% B, 27% C, and 34% D. Multilevel interventions were performed in 50% of limbs and were evenly distributed among all TASC classes. All technical failures were TASC D lesions. Mean follow-up was 15 months; 5-year survival was 49%. One- and 5-year primary patency was 57% and 38% and limb salvage was 84% and 81%, respectively. @entity256 was associated with TASC C (hazard ratio [HR], 2.2; 95% CI, 1.2-3.9; P  = .010) and TASC D (HR, 2.4; 95% CI, 1.3-4.4; P  = .004) lesions. Amputation rates were higher in @entity1 who were not candidates for bypass (HR, 4.4; 95% CI, 2.6-7.5; P  < .001) and with TASC D lesions (HR, 3.8; 95% CI, 1.1-12.5; P  = .03). Unsuitability for bypass was also predictive of repeat PTA (HR, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.0-3.4; P  = .047). Postoperative @entity1397 use was associated with lower rates of any revascularization (HR, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.25-0.83; P  = .011). CONCLUSIONS: Infrapopliteal PTA is effective primary therapy for TASC A, B, and C lesions. Surgical bypass should be offered to @entity1 with TASC D disease who are suitable candidates. Multilevel intervention does not adversely affect outcome.

title: Outcomes following infrapopliteal angioplasty for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1397 :: ('MESH:C055162', 'Chemical') :: ['clopidogrel']

entities_list: @entity256 :: ('MESH:D023903', 'Disease') :: ['Restenosis']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['critical limb ischemia', 'CLI']

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['critical limb ischemia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Erythrasma is a superficial cutaneous infection caused by Corynebacterium minutissimum and is characterized by fluorescence under Wood's light (UV) because of the presence of @entity7889 . These molecules are photosensitizing and we propose to assess efficacy of red light that activates @entity7889 (photodynamic reaction) in treatment of this pathology. OBJECTIVES: Assessment of effects of photodynamic action of red light for treatment of @entity34783 without exogenous photosensitizing molecules. METHODS: Thirteen @entity1 with @entity34783 were treated by one illumination (80 J/cm2) by red light (broad band, peak at 635 nm) without exogenous photosensitizing molecules. Disappearance or reduction of extent of lesions were observed 2 weeks later. If lesions were still present, a second irradiation was conducted with the same method. RESULTS: Preliminary results are presented. As a result of red light irradiation, we noticed a complete recovery for three @entity1 and, in most other cases, reduction of extent of lesions (mean: -29% after one session). The treatment was well tolerated. CONCLUSION: We report first cases of photodynamic treatment of @entity34783 . There are other reports of clinical applications of antimicrobial action of photodynamic therapy in dermatology ( @entity5477 , @entity232 , warts, etc.). But there are few applications without addition of exogenous photosensitizing agent. The originality and interest of our study is to use spontaneous presence of @entity7889 in the lesions. This technique seems to be an interesting alternative, inexpensive and easy, for the treatment of this @entity281 . But an optimal method is still to be determined to improve efficacy.

title: Photodynamic action of red light for treatment of XXXX : preliminary results.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5477 :: ('MESH:D000152', 'Disease') :: ['acne vulgaris']

entities_list: @entity7889 :: ('MESH:D011166', 'Chemical') :: ['porphyrins']

entities_list: @entity232 :: ('MESH:D007896', 'Disease') :: ['leishmaniasis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['localized infection']

entities_list: @entity34783 :: ('MESH:D004894', 'Disease') :: ['erythrasma']

answer: @entity34783 :: (MESH:D004894,Disease) :: ['erythrasma']


abstract: @entity1028 ( @entity1028 ), i.e., focal enlargements of the aorta in the abdomen are frequently observed in the elderly population and their @entity397 is highly mortal. An intra-luminal @entity715 is found in nearly all @entity439 of clinically relevant size and multiply affects the underlying wall. However, from a biomechanical perspective @entity715 development and its relation to @entity1756 is still not clearly understood. In order to explore the impact of blood flow on @entity715 development, normal aortas (n = 4), fusiform @entity1028 (n = 3), and saccular @entity1028 (n = 2) were compared on the basis of unsteady Computational Fluid Dynamics simulations. To this end @entity1 -specific luminal geometries were segmented from Computerized Tomography Angiography data and five full heart cycles using physiologically realistic boundary conditions were analyzed. Simulations were carried out with computational grids of about half a million finite volume elements and the Carreau-Yasuda model captured the non-Newtonian behavior of blood. In contrast to the normal aorta the flow in @entity439 was highly disturbed and, particularly right after the neck, flow separation involving regions of high streaming velocities and high shear stresses were observed. Naturally, at the expanded sites of the @entity439 average flow velocity and wall shear stress were much lower compared to normal aortas. These findings suggest platelets activation right after the neck, i.e., within zones of pronounced recirculation, and @entity1423 , i.e., @entity715 formation, downstream. This mechanism is supported by recirculation zones promoting the advection of activated platelets to the wall.

title: Hemodynamics of the normal aorta compared to fusiform and saccular abdominal aortic aneurysms with emphasis on a potential XXXX formation mechanism.

entities_list: @entity1423 :: ('MESH:D001791', 'Disease') :: ['platelet adhesion']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms', 'aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombus']

entities_list: @entity1028 :: ('MESH:D017544', 'Disease') :: ['Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms', 'AAAs']

entities_list: @entity1756 :: ('MESH:D017542', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm rupture']

answer: @entity715 :: (MESH:D013927,Disease) :: ['thrombus']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Cross-sectional studies found less microalbuminuria in type 2 @entity6 @entity1 with the Ala12 allele of the @entity6864 ( @entity6864 ) @entity21086 polymorphism. We prospectively evaluated the association between @entity21086 polymorphism ( @entity31963 ) and new-onset microalbuminuria. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: @entity21086 polymorphism was genotyped by TaqMan-based assay in genomic DNA of 1,119 consenting @entity1 from BErgamo NEphrologic @entity6 Complications Trial (BENEDICT)-a prospective, randomized trial evaluating @entity1289 inhibition effect on new-onset microalbuminuria ( @entity633 20-200 microg/min in at least two of three consecutive overnight urine collections in two consecutive visits) in @entity101 with @entity633 <20 microg/min at inclusion. RESULTS: Baseline characteristics of Ala (Ala/Ala or Ala/Pro) carriers and Pro/Pro homozygotes were similar, with a nonsignificant trend to lower @entity633 (P = 0.1107) in the 177 Ala carriers. Over a median (interquartile range) of 44.0 (17.1-51.9) months, 7 (4%) Ala carriers and 86 (9.1%) Pro/Pro homozygotes developed microalbuminuria (hazard ratio [HR] 0.45 [95% CI 0.21-0.97]; P = 0.042). Final @entity633 was significantly lower in Ala carriers than Pro/Pro homozygotes (7.3 +/- 9.1 vs. 10.5 +/- 24.9 microg/min, respectively), even after adjustment for baseline @entity633 (P = 0.048). Baseline and follow-up blood pressure and metabolic control were similar in both groups. Incidence of microalbuminuria was significantly decreased by @entity1289 versus non- @entity1289 inhibitor therapy in Pro/Pro homozygotes (6.3 vs. 11.9%, respectively, HR 0.46 [0.29-0.72]; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: In type 2 @entity6 , the Ala allele protects from worsening @entity633 and new-onset microalbuminuria, and @entity1289 inhibition blunts the excess risk of microalbuminuria associated with the Pro/Pro genotype. Evaluating @entity21086 polymorphism may help identifying @entity1 at risk who may benefit the most from early renoprotective therapy.

title: Impact of the XXXX @entity21086 polymorphism and @entity1289 inhibitor therapy on new-onset microalbuminuria in type 2 @entity6 : evidence from BENEDICT.

entities_list: @entity21086 :: ('p|SUB|P|12|A', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['Pro12Ala']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes', 'DIabetic']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive type 2 diabetes']

entities_list: @entity633 :: ('MESH:D000419', 'Disease') :: ['albuminuria']

entities_list: @entity6864 :: ('5468', 'Gene') :: ['peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma2', 'PPAR-gamma2']

answer: @entity6864 :: (5468,Gene) :: ['PPAR-gamma2']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity25801 / @entity25801 is a member of the forkhead family of transcription factors and @entity25801 -deficient @entity19 exhibit @entity6127 (type B interruption of the aortic arch). @entity9937 ( @entity9937 ) is one of the two known endothelin receptors that belong to the G-protein-coupled receptor family. @entity9937 -deficient @entity19 show defects in the great arteries, primarily type B interruption of the aortic arch. Based on similar phenotypes in the cardiovascular system of @entity25801 - and @entity9937 -deficient @entity19 , we investigated whether @entity25801 and @entity9937 have a close relationship in aortic arch patterning. METHODS: The @entity25801 and @entity9937 homozygotes were obtained by crossing the @entity25801 and @entity9937 heterozygotes, respectively. The double @entity25801 / @entity9937 homozygotes were obtained by crossing the double @entity25801 / @entity9937 heterozygotes. RESULTS: We investigated the expression of @entity9937 in @entity25801 -null @entity19 and the expression of @entity25801 in @entity9937 -null @entity19 and found that the absence of either @entity25801 or @entity9937 had no effect on the expression of the other. Next, we analyzed @entity19 lacking both @entity25801 and @entity9937 to examine the relationship between @entity25801 and @entity9937 on aortic arch patterning in vivo. We found that the majority of @entity25801 / @entity9937 double-mutant embryos died around 11.5 dpc and that all surviving @entity19 had persistent truncus arteriosus. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that @entity25801 - and @entity9937 -expressing cells additively form the aorticopulmonary septum.

title: Roles of forkhead transcription factor @entity25801 ( XXXX ) and endothelin receptor A in cardiovascular morphogenesis.

entities_list: @entity6127 :: ('MESH:D007569', 'Disease') :: ['aortic arch anomalies']

entities_list: @entity9937 :: ('13617(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['ETA', 'Endothelin receptor type-A']

answer: @entity25801 :: (14234(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['MFH-1']


abstract: The detrusor muscle, @entity1494 , proximal, middle and distal regions of the urethra of the female @entity1707 were studied by histochemical and immunohistochemical methods to localize @entity2922 -containing, acetylcholinesterase-positive and peptide-containing nerves. The peptides examined included: vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, substance P, @entity1943 , @entity2999 , @entity6138 and @entity28989 . The greatest density of nerves was found in the smooth muscle of the distal urethra, followed by the @entity1494 , middle urethra, and proximal urethra, with the least in the detrusor muscle. The greatest number of nerve fibres stained for acetylcholinesterase, followed by vasoactive intestinal @entity23186 - and @entity2922 -containing fibres. Substance P-immunoreactive nerve fibres were confined to the @entity1494 and distal urethral regions. [Met] @entity3000 -and @entity28989 -immunoreactive nerves were most dense in the distal urethra but absent in detrusor muscle, while @entity1943 -immunoreactive nerve fibres were sparsely distributed throughout the lower urinary tract. No nerve fibres showing immunoreactivity to @entity6138 were found. @entity2922 -containing, acetylcholinesterase-positive, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-, substance P-, [Met] @entity3000 - and @entity28989 -immunoreactive nerves were also found on the adventitial-medial border of blood vessels in the @entity1707 urinary tract. In the intrinsic external urethral sphincter, located in the distal urethra, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide- and @entity28989 -immunoreactive nerve fibres were found bordering a small number of individual striated muscle fibres, while @entity2922 -containing nerves were found predominantly in the connective tissue surrounding the striated muscle fibres. Dense populations of acetylcholinesterase-positive nerve fibres were found associated with the striated muscle fibres, with end plates on some of them. Intramural @entity21 , composed of two to 30 neurones, were found in the @entity1494 and middle and distal regions of the urethra. In the smooth muscle, and in the vicinity of the striated muscle regions of the intrinsic external urethral sphincter, there were small @entity21 , containing two to three neurones, which were vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-, @entity2999 - and @entity1943 -immunoreactive. The results are compared to the autonomic innervation of the @entity1 bladder and urethra as previously described and it is concluded that the lower urinary tract of the @entity1707 is a good model for some features of the lower urinary tract of @entity1 , but a poor model for others.

title: A histochemical and immunohistochemical study of the autonomic innervation of the lower urinary tract of the female @entity1707 . Is the @entity1707 a good model for the XXXX bladder and urethra?

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bladder neck']

entities_list: @entity2999 :: ('MESH:D004744', 'Chemical') :: ['[Met]enkephalin']

entities_list: @entity23186 :: ('CHEBI:15841', 'Chemical') :: ['polypeptide']

entities_list: @entity2922 :: ('CHEBI:33567', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamine', 'Catecholamine']

entities_list: @entity21 :: ('MESH:D001480', 'Disease') :: ['ganglia']

entities_list: @entity1943 :: ('MESH:D013004', 'Chemical') :: ['somatostatin']

entities_list: @entity3000 :: ('MESH:D004745', 'Chemical') :: ['enkephalin']

entities_list: @entity6138 :: ('MESH:D001839', 'Chemical') :: ['bombesin']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between @entity2204 ( @entity2204 ) and a family history of @entity303 in 1st- and 2nd-degree relatives of @entity1 with @entity4943 ( @entity4943 ) with a @entity303 onset by age 70. METHODS: The study included 494 @entity303 @entity1 (73 @entity4943 @entity1 ) and 82 cognitively normal spousal control subjects. Neuropsychiatric examination, Consortium To Establish a Registry on @entity195 (CERAD) testing, the clock-drawing test, and @entity2204 genotyping were performed in @entity1 and controls. All @entity1 were examined by magnetic resonance imaging. @entity4943 @entity1 fulfilled the Lund-Manchester criteria. RESULTS: All controls had normal Mini Mental State exam (MMSE > or =27). 28 of the 82 spousal controls were excluded because CERAD test results were consistent with the diagnosis of @entity73 ( @entity73 ) or the CERAD was incomplete. The remaining 54 spousal controls had CERAD test results with z-scores >/= -1.5. The number of @entity303 @entity1 with @entity4943 was 73. Apo epsilon4 homozygosity was found in 13.6% of the @entity4943 @entity1 . None of the spousal controls was homozygous for the Apo epsilon4 genotype (p=0.005). A positive family history of @entity303 was lowest among cognitively normal spousal controls (9.3%). It rose to 35.6% for @entity4943 @entity1 and was highest among Apo epsilon4 homozygous @entity4943 @entity1 (50.0%). CONCLUSIONS: Apo epsilon4 homozygosity is associated with a family history of @entity303 and @entity4943 in our cohort if the current clinical criteria are employed. It is likely that autopsy might reveal amyloid beta deposits typical for @entity195 among the Apo epsilon4 homozygous @entity1 with frontotemporal clinical presentation and neuroimaging consistent with @entity4943 . Apo epsilon4 homozygosity has not yet been defined as an exclusion criterion for the diagnosis of @entity4943 . In the future, a revision of the clinical criteria should consider the @entity2204 genotype.

title: [Frontotemporal @entity303 in association with a family history of @entity303 and XXXX polymorphism].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2204 :: ('348', 'Gene') :: ['ApoE', 'apolipoprotein E']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['MCI', 'mild cognitive impairment']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["Alzheimer's disease", "Alzheimer's Disease"]

entities_list: @entity4943 :: ('MESH:D057180', 'Disease') :: ['FTD', 'frontotemporal dementia']

answer: @entity2204 :: (348,Gene) :: ['ApoE']


abstract: A dysregulation of the cyclooxygenases and a @entity4352 / @entity3009 imbalance are assumed to be part of the pathogenesis of the @entity117 (ASA) intolerance syndrome. @entity1787 is an air pollutant with known proinflammatory effects on exposed epithelia, however, its impact on the expression of the @entity9647 ( @entity21513 ) and @entity1421 ( @entity1421 ) in the nasal mucosa is not well known. Therefore, we analyzed cox expression and @entity1421 levels after @entity1787 exposure in nasal mucosa and in @entity480 considering ASA intolerance. Isolated epithelial nasal cells from control subjects without @entity102 ( @entity102 ), and those from @entity1 with @entity480 with and without ASA intolerance were cultured and exposed in vitro to @entity1787 . @entity21513 expression levels were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and @entity1421 release by ELISA. After @entity1787 exposure @entity21513 expression remained unchanged in all the three groups. @entity1421 release was lowered in cell cultures from controls and from @entity1127 of ASA tolerant but not in those of ASA intolerant @entity1 after @entity1787 exposure. In the latter, @entity1421 expression remained unchanged. Our in vitro data suggest that @entity117 tolerant @entity1 with @entity1127 might be more affected by @entity1787 compared to @entity117 intolerant ones. The potential clinical impact of impaired @entity1421 expression caused by @entity1787 on the functions of @entity1576 remains to be clarified.

title: Impact of @entity1787 exposure on @entity3009 release in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1421 :: ('MESH:D015232', 'Chemical') :: ['PGE(2)', 'prostaglandin E(2)']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic rhinosinusitis', 'CRS']

entities_list: @entity3009 :: ('CHEBI:26333', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandin']

entities_list: @entity4352 :: ('CHEBI:25029', 'Chemical') :: ['leukotriene']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory epithelia']

entities_list: @entity480 :: ('MESH:D009298', 'Disease') :: ['nasal polyps']

answer: @entity480 :: (MESH:D009298,Disease) :: ['nasal polyps']


abstract: A 39-year-old @entity1 was admitted to our hospital with an eight-month history of @entity1353 on exertion, @entity425 and increasing fatigue. She reported repeated episodes of menometrorrhagia and underwent a myomectomy. She is not a vegetarian. Her menstrual bleeding: 3-5 days per month. Two months ago, she complained of burning sensation of the tongue upon swallowing food and noted brittle nails. She tolerated soft foods. On physical examination, she was pale; her nails were very thin, fragile and somewhat concave. Her oral examination showed @entity3136 , @entity5773 and @entity35160 . The clinical diagnosis was @entity417 and @entity1282 . Laboratory tests were: Hb: 7.0g/dL, MCV: 57.42fL, MCH: 15.82 pg; leukocytes: 4,980; reticulocytes: 2.18%, reticulocyte index: 0.1%, serum @entity68 : 21ug/dl, total @entity68 binding capacity (TIBC): 286, @entity69 saturation: 7% and serum ferritin: 27ng/ml. The peripheral blood smear showed anisocytosis and @entity24194 microcytic cells. Thevenon test was negative. Abdominal ultrasound: uterine @entity1868 . A barium swallow X-ray showed a 2-mm linear filling defect between the 4th and 5th cervical vertebrae in the anteroposterior and lateral view; it protruded from the anterior wall and reduced esophageal lumen by 60%. In the endoscopy, we found a fibrous web in the cricopharyngeal area. Serial dilatations were performed over a guidewire using Savary-Gilliard dilators with diameter up to 14 mm, improving @entity1282 . She was treated with transfusional therapy and parenteral @entity68 . She was discharged with @entity20150 and @entity1501 . The @entity18393 , Paterson-Brown-Kelly or sideropenic @entity1282 is characterized by @entity1282 , irondeficiency @entity417 and @entity2910 . The syndrome is described as very rare.

title: [ XXXX : report of a case and review of literature].

entities_list: @entity1501 :: ('MESH:D005492', 'Chemical') :: ['folic acid']

entities_list: @entity5773 :: ('MESH:D014060', 'Disease') :: ['depapillated tongue']

entities_list: @entity3136 :: ('MESH:D013280', 'Disease') :: ['angular stomatitis']

entities_list: @entity24194 :: ('MESH:D000747', 'Disease') :: ['hypochromic']

entities_list: @entity2910 :: ('MESH:D004941', 'Disease') :: ['upper esophageal web']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['weakness']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['dysphagia']

entities_list: @entity20150 :: ('MESH:C020748', 'Chemical') :: ['ferrous sulfate']

entities_list: @entity18393 :: ('MESH:D011004', 'Disease') :: ['Plummer-Vinson syndrome']

answer: @entity18393 :: (MESH:D011004,Disease) :: ['Plummer-Vinson syndrome']


abstract: PURPOSE: To describe 5 @entity1 with transient, acute, unilateral @entity1736 of unknown etiology. METHODS: Medical records of 5 @entity1 , which were seen in 5 different clinics between 1998 and 2011, were reviewed. RESULTS: The ages of the @entity1 were 7, 7, 32, 44, and 75 years (2 @entity1 and 3 @entity1 ). Four @entity1 had partial (1.5-3.5 mm) and 1 @entity1 had @entity1736 . Levator function was normal in 2 @entity1 , and 3 @entity1 had only 2 to 3 mm decreased levator function on the affected side. None of the @entity1 had limited motility or any @entity2300 . All @entity1 had a history of @entity221 preceding the development of @entity1736 . The @entity1736 completely resolved in 3 to 14 days in all @entity1 and did not recur during the follow-up period (range: 2 months-7 years). CONCLUSIONS: Transient, acute, unilateral @entity1736 is a very rare condition. @entity1 presenting with acute @entity1736 should be questioned about a recent history of @entity683 , and if workup is negative with this history, the clinicians should suspect this rare condition.

title: Acute, unilateral transient XXXX of unknown etiology: a review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity683 :: ('MESH:D007251', 'Disease') :: ['flu-like syndrome']

entities_list: @entity2300 :: ('MESH:D011681', 'Disease') :: ['pupil abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity1736 :: ('MESH:D001763', 'Disease') :: ['ptosis', 'total ptosis', 'blepharoptosis']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['flu-like illness']

answer: @entity1736 :: (MESH:D001763,Disease) :: ['blepharoptosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The application of laparoscopic surgery for advanced @entity356 (AGC) remains questionable on account of technical difficulty of D2 lymphadenectomy, and there has been few large-scale follow-up results regarding the oncological adequacy of laparoscopic surgery compared with that of open surgeries for AGC. The aim of this study is to evaluate technical feasibility and oncological efficacy of laparoscopy-assisted gastrectomy (LAG) for advanced @entity356 without serosal invasion. METHODS: From January 2008 to December 2012, 1114 @entity1 with @entity356 underwent D2 gastrectomy, including 336   T2 and T3 @entity1 in term of depth of invasion. Of all 336 @entity1 , 224 underwent LAG, while open gastrectomy (OG) performed on the other 112 @entity1 . The comparison was based on the clinicopathologic characteristics, surgical outcome, and follow-up results. RESULTS: There are not significant differences in clinicopathological characteristics between the two groups (P   >   0.05). The operation time and first ambulation time was similar in the two groups. However, estimated @entity190 , bowel function recovery time and duration of hospital stay were significantly less in the LAG group. No significant difference in morbidity and mortality was found between the LAG group and OG group (11.1% vs. 15.3%, P   =   0.266; 0.9% vs. 1.8%, P   =   0.859). The mean number of resected lymph nodes (LNS) between the LAG group and OG group was similar (30.6        10.1 vs. 30.3        8.6, P   =   0.786). Furthermore, the mean number of removed LNS in each station was not significantly different in the distal gastrectomy and total gastrectomy (P   >   0.05). No statistical difference was seen in 1   year survival rate (91.5% vs. 89.8% P   >   0.05) and the survival curve after surgery between the LAG group and OG group. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopy-assisted D2 radical gastrectomy is feasible, effective and has comparative oncological efficacy compared with open gastrectomy for advanced @entity356 without serosal invasion.

title: Laparoscopy-assisted versus open D2 radical gastrectomy for advanced XXXX without serosal invasion: a case control study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['gastric cancer']


abstract: @entity72 ( @entity72 ) is often accompanied by @entity146 ( @entity146 ), @entity146 , and tantrums, symptoms that have reportedly improved with micronutrient (vitamins and minerals) treatment. The current study took advantage of naturally occurring differences in parental preferences for treatment approaches. The micronutrient group asked for treatment without pharmaceuticals (n = 44, aged 2-28 years at entry [M = 8.39 +/- 5.58]). Their records were matched with those of 44 similar @entity1 whose families requested conventional treatment (medication group). Both groups improved on both the Childhood Autism Rating Scale and the Childhood Psychiatric Rating Scale (all p values <0.0001). Both groups also exhibited significant decreases in total Aberrant Behavior Checklist scores, but the micronutrient group's improvement was significantly greater (p < 0.0001). @entity146 Intensity was lower in the micronutrient group at the end of the study (p = 0.005), and improvement on the Clinical Global Impressions scale was greater for the micronutrient group (p = 0.0029). It is difficult to determine whether the observed changes were exerted through improvement in @entity1316 or through an independent effect on @entity2438 . There were some advantages to treatment with micronutrients-lower activity level, less social withdrawal, less anger, better spontaneity with the examiner, less @entity146 , lower intensity @entity146 , markedly fewer adverse events, and less @entity1017 . Advantages of medication management were insurance coverage, fewer pills, and less frequent dosing.

title: Micronutrients versus standard medication management in XXXX : a naturalistic case-control study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggression', 'self-injurious behavior', 'SIB', 'irritability']

entities_list: @entity2438 :: ('MESH:D001321', 'Disease') :: ['autistic disorder']

entities_list: @entity1316 :: ('MESH:D019964', 'Disease') :: ['mood disorder']

entities_list: @entity72 :: ('MESH:D002659', 'Disease') :: ['ASD', 'Autism spectrum disorder']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['weight gain']

answer: @entity2438 :: (MESH:D001321,Disease) :: ['autism']


abstract: @entity5925 (literally "striped @entity121 ") is a biological and clinical condition that takes to plasmatic release of @entity5632 , muscle enzymes and electrolytes, relates to the lysis of stripped muscle fibers. @entity5925 presents the clinician with two distinct problems: local injury and the systemic effects directly related to that injury. Locally, @entity2850 are the primary issues. Systemic concerns relate to depleted intravascular volume, electrolyte imbalances and @entity8 from @entity5632 . Preventing the @entity8 requires very early and vigorous treatment to sustain the circulation, preferably started at the site of the catastrophe. During the extrication of an injured @entity1 from a collapsed building, wrecked automobile, or other site, isotonic saline solution should be infused at the rate of 1.5 liters per hour as soon one of the trapped @entity1 's limbs has been freed. Some authors suggest to do a preventive fasciotomy in any suspicious case of @entity751 , when the @entity1 has severe muscular @entity158 , @entity4 , @entity1183 or anesthesia of the muscular cavity, @entity158 at the passive mobilization of the limb. On the other hand other surgeons suggest doing a fasciotomy only in selected group of @entity1 . Therefore, the @entity5925 has few diagnostically problems. On the other hand, their treatment is complex and must have a multidisciplinary approach. So the @entity5925 actually remain a severe disease with high mortality caused principally by @entity75 related to @entity295 .

title: The management of shock and local injury in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'person']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['systemic and renal complications of the crush syndrome', 'renal injury']

entities_list: @entity1183 :: ('MESH:D006987', 'Disease') :: ['hypoesthesia']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['visceral lesions']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['tense swelling']

entities_list: @entity2850 :: ('MESH:D009408', 'Disease') :: ['muscle, vessel and nerve compression']

entities_list: @entity5925 :: ('MESH:D012206', 'Disease') :: ['traumatic rhabdomyolysis', 'rhabdomyolysis', 'Rhabdomyolysis']

entities_list: @entity751 :: ('MESH:D013577', 'Disease') :: ['compartmental syndrome']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain of the muscular cavity', 'pain']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['muscle dissolution']

answer: @entity5925 :: (MESH:D012206,Disease) :: ['traumatic rhabdomyolysis']


abstract: Influenza @entity11230 (HA) is a homotrimeric glycoprotein responsible for binding to @entity7451 found in the host cell surface. HA has a prominent 75   -long a-helix ( @entity15657 stalk) that contributes to overall HA structural stability. Among the H1N1 strains, a high level of predicted disorder is found at the base of the @entity15657 stalk, predominantly containing @entity2734 residues. Surprisingly, the significance of @entity2734 residues at the base of the @entity15657 stalk has not been elucidated. In this study, we analyzed the @entity15657 stalk base of 2830 @entity535 sequences of the @entity683 H1N1 subtype obtained from @entity1 , @entity1707 , and avian strains throughout 1918-2012. We detected a structurally conserved twin @entity2734 -residue (N145(2)-N146(2)) present at the @entity15657 stalk base in all H1N1 strains. In addition, we found that the twin @entity2734 -residue maintains both a 2.13    salt bridge and 11.74    110-helix:B-loop distance measurement in all H1N1 strains studied. Both observations were consistent with known @entity2383 . Interestingly, @entity535 substitutions in either or both residues 145(2) and 146(2) were found to alter these measurements and, likewise, shift the empirical distribution of HA @entity535 residues. Thus, we hypothesize that both the N145(2) and N146(2) residues found at the @entity15657 stalk base in all H1N1 strains provide the necessary structural requirements to stabilize the HA protein. More importantly, this would imply that the twin- @entity2734 -residue is an ideal target for anti- @entity683 therapies.

title: Structural insights on the potential significance of the twin XXXX -residue found at the base of the hemagglutinin 2 stalk in all @entity683 A H1N1 strains: a computational study with clinical implications.

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity683 :: ('MESH:D007251', 'Disease') :: ['influenza']

entities_list: @entity7451 :: ('MESH:D012794', 'Chemical') :: ['sialic acids']

entities_list: @entity11230 :: ('MESH:D006388', 'Chemical') :: ['hemagglutinin']

entities_list: @entity2383 :: ('MESH:D028361', 'Disease') :: ['HA crystal structures']

answer: @entity2734 :: (CHEBI:17196,Chemical) :: ['Asn']


abstract: Intraoperative frozen sections fails to diagnose @entity259 accurately in 16% of cases. In such instances, we recommend that completion thyroidectomy be performed in the @entity1 who has @entity189 , is less than 70 years old, and has a reasonable life expectancy. The procedure should be carried out immediately if the error in diagnosis is discovered within a week; otherwise the procedure should be delayed until 3 to 4 months later. At that time, the recurrent laryngeal nerves and at least two parathyroid glands should be dissected and preserved. A paratracheal lymph node dissection should also be performed and the lower jugular lymph nodes should be sampled. If these jugular lymph nodes are found to be positive, a modified radical neck dissection should be added. The morbidity associated with the completion thyroidectomy is minimal. Postoperatively, a 131I scan of the neck should be carried out and ablative doses of radioactive @entity1496 can be given if the uptake in the thyroid bed is greater than 1.5%. Subsequently, all @entity1 are given thyroid suppressive therapy and are monitored closely. This approach will reduce the local recurrence rate and improve the long-term survival.

title: Completion thyroidectomy for initially misdiagnosed XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity259 :: ('MESH:D013964', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['invasive carcinoma']

answer: @entity259 :: (MESH:D013964,Disease) :: ['thyroid cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recombinant @entity1 growth hormone (rhGH) has been shown to modulate the hypermetabolic response and the hepatic acute-phase response after @entity130 . In vitro studies, however, demonstrated that rhGH activates insulin-like growth factor-I ( @entity2135 ) gene transcription and production, suggesting that rhGH may exert some of its effects indirectly through @entity2135 stimulation. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of rhGH on serum and hepatic @entity2135 in thermally injured @entity35 . METHODS: @entity35 (56 males) receiving a 60% TBSA third-degree scald burn were randomly divided to receive either rhGH (2.5 mg/kg/day im) or saline (control). @entity35 were sacrificed on postburn days 1, 2, 5, and 7 and serum @entity2135 , hepatic @entity2135 mRNA, and @entity2135 protein concentration were measured. The physiologic response to changes in @entity2135 levels was evaluated by measuring hepatocyte proliferation, total liver protein concentration, and muscle dry/wet weights. RESULTS: Serum @entity2135 was increased from postburn day 1 through day 7 in @entity35 receiving rhGH compared to controls (P < 0.05). Hepatic @entity2135 mRNA and @entity2135 protein expression were increased from day 1 to 7 after burn in animals receiving rhGH when compared to controls (P < 0.05). Recombinant hGH increased hepatocyte proliferation at 5 days and total liver protein concentration at 5 and 7 days postburn compared to controls (P < 0.05). Muscle dry/wet weights increased in @entity35 receiving rhGH at 7 days after burn compared to controls (P < 0.05). SUMMARY: Liver and serum @entity2135 levels decreased after a @entity130 . Recombinant hGH attenuated this decrease by stimulating hepatic @entity2135 expression. Increases in @entity2135 were associated with increases in hepatocyte proliferation and protein concentration in liver and muscle. CONCLUSION: We suggest that rhGH modulates the hypermetabolic response through @entity2135 stimulation in the @entity99 .

title: Increased expression of insulin-like growth factor-I in serum and liver after recombinant XXXX growth hormone administration in thermally injured @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague-Dawley rats', 'Rats', 'rats']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic parenchyma']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['thermal injury']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Higher standardized uptake value (SUV) detected by @entity419 positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG PET/CT) correlates with proliferation of primary @entity0 . The purpose of this study is to identify specific molecules upregulated in primary @entity0 with a high SUV and to examine their clinical significance. METHODS: We compared mRNA expression profiles between 14 @entity5 with low SUVs and 24 @entity5 with high SUVs by cDNA microarray. We identified @entity11704 ( @entity11704 ) and @entity22733 were upregulated in @entity5 with high SUVs. RT-PCR and immunohistochemical analyses were performed to validate these data. Clinical implication of @entity11704 and @entity22733 was examined for 253 archival @entity0 by the tissue microarray. RESULTS: The relative ratios of @entity11704 and @entity22733 expression levels to @entity217 were confirmed to be significantly higher in high SUV @entity5 than in low SUV @entity5 (p = 0.027 and 0.025, respectively) by RT-PCR. In immunohistochemical analysis of 47 node-negative @entity5 , the @entity11704 expression was significantly higher in the high SUV @entity5 (74%) than the low SUV @entity5 (45%) (p = 0.04), but membranous and cytoplasmic @entity22733 expressions did not significantly differ between both groups (p = 0.9 each). By the tissue microarray, @entity11704 (HR = 2.94) as well as @entity5 size (HR = 4.49), nodal positivity (HR = 4.1), and Ki67 (HR = 2.05) showed independent impact on the @entity1 ' prognosis. CONCLUSION: High @entity11704 expression, correlated with high SUV, was the prognostic indicators of primary @entity0 . Tumoral SUV levels may serve as a pretherapeutic indicator of @entity146 of @entity0 .

title: Expression of @entity11704 ( @entity11704 ) associated with higher FDG uptake on PET/CT, detected by cDNA microarray, predicts high-risk @entity1 with primary XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancers', 'breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity419 :: ('MESH:D019788', 'Chemical') :: ['18F-fluorodeoxyglucose']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressiveness']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity11704 :: ('1063', 'Gene') :: ['CENP-F', 'centromere protein F']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: Forty @entity1 with advanced transitional cell @entity5 were treated with @entity900 , @entity1259 , @entity1499 ( @entity27475 , every 3-4 weeks). If @entity1011 clearance was reduced to 40 ml/min, the usual full doses of @entity900 and @entity1499 , 50 mg/m2, were proportionally reduced. 23 @entity1 had @entity27915 ( @entity27915 ) therapy, 17 had reduced dose (RD) (40-20 mg/m2). Two @entity1 achieved complete response and 17 partial response. The overall response rate was 19/40 (47.5%), 11/23 (48%) for @entity27915 and 8/17 (47%) for RD (p = 1.000). 17/40 pts (42.5%) had no-change and 4/40 (10%) had disease progression. The median duration of CR and PR was 32 weeks, range 4-82 (22 weeks, range 12-52 for @entity27915 ; 32 weeks, range 4-82 for RD, @entity900 p = .7362). The main side effect was @entity391 (35/40 pts, 87.5%, 20/23 = 87% for @entity27915 , 15/17 = 90% for RD, p = 1.000). @entity1431 was observed in 12 @entity1 (30%, nadir 3,240 range 900-3,800, 6/23 = 26% for @entity27915 , 6/17 = 35% for RD, p = .7285), @entity1665 in 18 @entity1 (45%, 15/23 = 65% for @entity27915 , 3/17 = 18% for RD, p = .004). The results of this study show that a dose escalation to 50 mg/m2 for @entity900 , @entity1259 and @entity1499 in the PEM regimen results in an increase in overall response (OR) (19/40 = 47.5%) with respect to a historical control using the same drugs at doses of 40 mg/m2 (12/35 = 34%). In @entity1 with normal renal function the escalated dose was tolerated without a corresponding increase in @entity137 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Chemotherapy with @entity900 , XXXX , @entity1499 in the treatment of locally advanced or metastatic @entity5 of the bladder ( @entity5 ).

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer (TCC) of the bladder']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity1259 :: ('MESH:D015251', 'Chemical') :: ['epirubicin']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity1431 :: ('MESH:D007970', 'Disease') :: ['Leukopenia']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

answer: @entity1259 :: (MESH:D015251,Chemical) :: ['epirubicin']


abstract: Clinical studies have shown that bevacizumab beyond progression to first line therapy is beneficial for overall survival in advanced stage @entity14 . We studied the utility of several functional imaging modalities to assess the efficacy of bevacizumab beyond progression (BBP). All BALB/c @entity19 with s.c. LS174T xenografts were treated with @entity416 , @entity901 and bevacizumab combination therapy. @entity5 volume was assessed using caliper measurements. Increase of 1.5 times the initial volume on two subsequent measurements, was considered progression. In half of the @entity19 bevacizumab treatment was continued (n = 13) after progressive disease was established, while the others received saline injections (n = 12). Within 3 days after progression, multi-modal imaging was performed using FDG-PET, diffusion weighted imaging, T2* and dynamic contrast enhanced MRI. Measurements were repeated 7 and 10 days after the first measurements. Afterwards, @entity5 were analyzed for expression of @entity26596 , @entity413 transporter 1, 9 F1 to stain the vasculature and @entity14160 to assess proliferation. In the BBP group @entity5 growth after progression was reduced compared to the control group (p < 0.01). FDG-PET showed a trend towards lower FDG uptake in the BBP group (p = 0.08). DWI, T2* and DCE-MRI parameters were not significantly different between both groups. The immunohistochemical analyses showed higher @entity26596 -positive fraction (p < 0.01) and lower @entity14160 expression (p = 0.06) in the BBP group. The relative vascular area was significantly lower in the BBP group (p = 0.03). @entity29408 expression and vascular density did not significantly differ between both groups. Bevacizumab after progression resulted in significant changes in the @entity5 proliferation and microenvironment compared to discontinuation of bevacizumab. FDG-PET may be sensitive to BBP-induced effects.

title: Monitoring the effects of bevacizumab beyond progression in a @entity19 XXXX : a functional imaging approach.

entities_list: @entity901 :: ('MESH:C030110', 'Chemical') :: ['oxaliplatin']

entities_list: @entity416 :: ('MESH:C110904', 'Chemical') :: ['capecitabine']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer model']


abstract: @entity2690 analogues represent a class of @entity2690 formulations with improved pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties. The introduction of rapid-acting and long-acting @entity2690 analogues into the market in the last decade has helped optimize metabolic control in @entity1 with @entity6 . Unfortunately, the number of good @entity922 ( @entity922 ) that fulfill rigid criteria brought up by evidence-based medicine is low. The consequence is that reimbursement has become an issue, at least in some European countries. In addition to some principal questions about the validity of @entity922 to provide the best possible evidence for each and every clinically relevant question, one wonders about the end points of such studies. Other end points, may they be long-term end points such as morbidity and mortality or other short-term end points such as variability in blood @entity413 levels, are probably more relevant for @entity1 with @entity6 . The question is who will fund new clinical studies? From my point of view we will have to start over again on this topic, employing a fresh look on this story. Discussing old data and strategies over and over again will not provide us with the answers needed for the (critical!) evaluation of new diagnostic and therapeutic development.

title: XXXX analogues: a critical view on their future.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity922 :: ('MESH:D013568', 'Disease') :: ['RCTs', 'randomized controlled clinical trials']

answer: @entity2690 :: (3630,Gene) :: ['Insulin']