abstract: The efficacy and safety of @entity8232 , a novel protein kinase inhibitor, were evaluated for the treatment of @entity2553 and associated @entity2806 in @entity1 with @entity1756 . This randomized open trial with @entity3931 as the control included 72 @entity1 who underwent @entity510 surgery for @entity1756 of Hunt and Hess grades I to IV. For 14 days following surgery, @entity1 were administered either 30 mg of @entity8232 by intravenous injection over a period of 30 minutes three times a day or 1 mg/hr of @entity3931 by continuous intravenous infusion. @entity8232 and @entity3931 both showed inhibitory effects on @entity2553 . The incidence of symptomatic @entity2553 was five of 33 @entity1 in the @entity8232 group and nine of 32 @entity1 in the @entity3931 group. Good recovery evaluated by the Glasgow Outcome Scale was achieved by 23 of 33 @entity1 in the @entity8232 group and 19 of 34 @entity1 in the @entity3931 group. Both drugs significantly improved consciousness levels and @entity51 such as @entity2026 . However, @entity8232 improved motor disturbance more than @entity3931 . Adverse reactions occurred in 13 of 37 @entity1 receiving @entity8232 and 15 of 35 @entity1 receiving @entity3931 . There were no serious adverse events in the @entity8232 group. The results of this clinical trial indicate that @entity8232 is a safe and efficient agent for suppressing @entity2553 after @entity510 surgery for @entity1756 .

title: Effect of @entity8232 , a protein kinase inhibitor, on XXXX and delayed @entity2806 after @entity510 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8232 :: ('MESH:C049347', 'Chemical') :: ['fasudil hydrochloride', 'Fasudil hydrochloride', 'fasudil']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral ischemic symptoms']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['subarachnoid hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity3931 :: ('MESH:D009553', 'Chemical') :: ['nimodipine']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deficits']

entities_list: @entity2553 :: ('MESH:D020301', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral vasospasm', 'vasospasm']

entities_list: @entity1756 :: ('MESH:D017542', 'Disease') :: ['ruptured cerebral aneurysm']

answer: @entity2553 :: (MESH:D020301,Disease) :: ['cerebral vasospasm']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Unfractionated heparin is often used as adjunctive therapy with fibrinolysis in @entity1 with ST-elevation @entity583 . We compared a low-molecular-weight heparin, @entity2120 , with unfractionated heparin for this purpose. METHODS: We randomly assigned 20,506 @entity1 with ST-elevation @entity583 who were scheduled to undergo fibrinolysis to receive @entity2120 throughout the index hospitalization or weight-based unfractionated heparin for at least 48 hours. The primary efficacy end point was @entity204 or nonfatal recurrent @entity583 through 30 days. RESULTS: The primary end point occurred in 12.0 percent of @entity1 in the unfractionated heparin group and 9.9 percent of those in the @entity2120 group (17 percent reduction in relative risk, P<0.001). Nonfatal reinfarction occurred in 4.5 percent of the @entity1 receiving unfractionated heparin and 3.0 percent of those receiving @entity2120 (33 percent reduction in relative risk, P<0.001); 7.5 percent of @entity1 given unfractionated heparin died, as did 6.9 percent of those given @entity2120 (P=0.11). The composite of @entity204 , nonfatal reinfarction, or urgent revascularization occurred in 14.5 percent of @entity1 given unfractionated heparin and 11.7 percent of those given @entity2120 (P<0.001); major @entity548 occurred in 1.4 percent and 2.1 percent, respectively (P<0.001). The composite of @entity204 , nonfatal reinfarction, or nonfatal @entity932 (a measure of net clinical benefit) occurred in 12.2 percent of @entity1 given unfractionated heparin and 10.1 percent of those given @entity2120 (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: In @entity1 receiving fibrinolysis for ST-elevation @entity583 , treatment with @entity2120 throughout the index hospitalization is superior to treatment with unfractionated heparin for 48 hours but is associated with an increase in major @entity548 episodes. These findings should be interpreted in the context of net clinical benefit. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00077792.).

title: XXXX versus unfractionated heparin with fibrinolysis for ST-elevation @entity583 .

entities_list: @entity932 :: ('MESH:D020300', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity2120 :: ('MESH:D017984', 'Chemical') :: ['enoxaparin']

answer: @entity2120 :: (MESH:D017984,Chemical) :: ['Enoxaparin']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: An outbreak of @entity5746 occurred among the students and staff of D primary school in Yeongcheon-si, 2004. This investigation was carried out to prevent any recurrence of this outbreak and to study the infection source and transmission of the @entity5746 . METHODS: The authors conducted a questionnaire survey among 1,205 students and staff members from D primary school about the ingestion of the school lunch and drinking water, and the manifestation of their symptoms. The author examined rectal swabs, the tap water and microorganism cultures, and we also investigated the dining facility and water supply facility. RESULTS: The @entity5163 cases were defined as the confirmed cases or the @entity1 who had @entity294 more than one time with symptoms such as @entity221 , @entity391 and tenesmus. The @entity5163 attack rate was 28.0%. Ingestion of fried bean curd with egg had a significantly high association with the @entity5163 attack rate (p<0.05), and the relative risk of the fried bean curd with egg was 10.68 (95% CI=3.88-29.41), as was determined by logistic regression analysis. The bacterial counts in the tap water of the food preparation room and toilet (first floor) exceeded the maximum permissible counts. @entity10435 bacteria were only cultured from the fried bean curd with egg of all the supplied foods on September 3, 2004. CONCLUSIONS: The major cause of @entity5746 was presumed to be the contaminated bean curd via contaminated tap water due to a water leak of a school water pipe. This contaminated bean curd was under prepared, which allowed the @entity10435 to survive and multiply prior to its ingestion.

title: [Epidemiologic investigation on an outbreak of XXXX in Yeongcheon-si, 2004].

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity5746 :: ('MESH:D012480', 'Disease') :: ['salmonellosis']

entities_list: @entity5163 :: ('MESH:D004403', 'Disease') :: ['diarrheal']

answer: @entity5746 :: (MESH:D012480,Disease) :: ['salmonellosis']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Despite numerous descriptive publications, the nature, character, differential diagnosis and optimal treatment of @entity80 ( @entity80 ), remain obscure. The authors report a case of the solid variant of @entity80 (S-ABC) occurring in the posterior components and body of C7 vertebra focusing on the differential diagnosis and surgical treatment rationale. CASE REPORT: Right shoulder and neck @entity158 were the presenting symptoms of 9-year-old @entity1 . Torticollis developed later on but no @entity51 was found. Imaging revealed an @entity690 with significant extraosseous extension. Although diagnosis favoured an ABC, imaging studies did not provide clear diagnostic criteria. CT guided biopsy performed preoperatively was also not directly diagnostic. Given that differential diagnoses included S-ABC but also @entity2967 ( @entity2967 ) of bone, decision was made to proceed with a staged, back and front, complete resection of the affected bony elements of C7. Preoperative spinal angiography showed supply to the @entity5 from the right ascending and deep cervical artery territories. Particle embolization was not performed due to the presence of ipsilateral supply to the anterior spinal artery at the C6 level and contralateral supply at the C7 level. Intraoperatively, histology taken from posterior elements, although again not clearly diagnostic, favoured S-ABC variant rather than @entity2967 . Thus, initial plan was revised and anterior surgery was postponed as the extent of the dissection would have been dependent on the presumed diagnosis. The final histological report confirmed the diagnosis of an S-ABC. In view of this, it was decided to embolize the lesion to avoid a second stage anterior surgery. At embolization, repeat spinal angiography showed reduced @entity5 blush following the surgery. Distal branches of the deep cervical artery were occluded with @entity902 coils (avoiding the risks associated with the use of particles or liquid embolic agents). No further procedure was planned. CONCLUSION: Imaging and histological pattern of this specific type of ABC, differential diagnosis from @entity2967 and the surgical protocol followed with the @entity1 consist of an interesting case of revising the initial plan, according to the upcoming histological reports.

title: Solid variant of XXXX on the cervical spine of a @entity1 : case report, differential diagnosis and treatment rationale.

entities_list: @entity2967 :: ('MESH:D005870', 'Disease') :: ['GCT', 'giant cell tumor']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deficit']

entities_list: @entity80 :: ('MESH:D017824', 'Disease') :: ['ABCs', 'aneurysmal bone cyst', 'aneurysmal bone cysts']

entities_list: @entity690 :: ('MESH:D030981', 'Disease') :: ['osteolytic lesion']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['platinum']

answer: @entity80 :: (MESH:D017824,Disease) :: ['aneurysmal bone cyst']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Quantitative sensory testing (QST) has proven to be an important instrument to characterize mechanisms underlying somatic and @entity9 . However, its reliability has not previously been established in @entity1 with @entity3825 . We investigated the test-retest reliability of static and dynamic QST in @entity1 with @entity3825 due to chronic @entity788 . METHODS: Sixty-two @entity1 (38 @entity1 , 53 [11] y) with @entity1118 were included. Static QST comprised sensory thresholds for pressure and electrical stimulation performed in the ventral and dorsal T10 dermatomes (sharing spinal innervation with the @entity9451 ) and in 4 heterologous regions (control areas). Dynamic QST comprised conditioned @entity158 modulation. Measurements were obtained from 2 subsequent test sessions separated by 1 week. RESULTS: The reliability of static QST was generally high, with the best test-retest performance seen for pressure @entity158 thresholds (intraclass correlation coefficients [ICC], 0.74) and electrical sensation thresholds (ICC, 0.66). In contrast, the reliability of dynamic QST was poor (ICC, 0.01). For static QST measures, the reliability was higher for @entity158 thresholds compared with suprapain thresholds (P < 0.01). No differences between assessments in the pancreatic viscerotomes compared with heterologous regions were seen (P = 0.6). CONCLUSIONS: Sensory thresholds in the pancreatic viscerotomes and control areas were reproducible over time. In contrast, dynamic QST measurements reflecting active central modulation of @entity158 processing state (ie, conditioned @entity158 modulation) were not stable over time and showed considerable variability. These factors should be taken into consideration in case QST is used to follow disease mechanisms, drug effects, or effects of @entity158 intervention.

title: Reliability of static and dynamic quantitative sensory testing in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity3825 :: ('MESH:D059265', 'Disease') :: ['visceral pain']

entities_list: @entity9451 :: ('MESH:D010195', 'Disease') :: ['pancreas, ie, pancreatic viscerotomes']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['painful chronic pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity9 :: ('MESH:D009437', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathic pain disorders']

answer: @entity1118 :: (MESH:D059350,Disease) :: ['painful chronic pancreatitis']


abstract: Effects of divalent cations on @entity857 -induced aggregation response were examined. @entity291 platelets were transferred by Sepharose 2B gel filtration from @entity1792 - @entity36320 into @entity1792 free buffer (buffer-GFP). Response increases, reaches a maximum and decreases with increasing @entity460 and/or @entity1760 concentration. For either @entity460 or @entity1760 alone, increasing response is proportional to a rate coefficient and, through an apparent ion-platelet association constant, to the fraction of platelet critical sites bound to cation. With both ions present, bound @entity1760 appears to inhibit bound @entity460 in excess of that accounted for by competition and a lower rate coefficient for bound @entity1760 . With @entity1792 present in buffer-GFP, apparent association constants increase, excess @entity1760 inhibition is present, but systems are path dependent. Initial conditions appear to establish a response which is thereafter immutable to environmental @entity1760 alteration. @entity1792 - @entity36320 resembles buffer-GFP: response is sensitive to the selective removal of @entity460 and excess @entity1760 inhibition is present. With heparin- @entity36320 , response is immutable to the selective removal of approximately 90% of initial @entity460 . The dependency of response inhibition observed at high divalent cation concentrations indicates that aggregation is not due to interplatelet cross linking by ions. Ion effects are similar for @entity291 and @entity1 platelets.

title: Effects of ions on XXXX -induced aggregation of @entity291 or @entity1 platelets.

entities_list: @entity1792 :: ('MESH:D019343', 'Chemical') :: ['Citrate', 'citrate']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity1760 :: ('MESH:D008274', 'Chemical') :: ['magnesium']

answer: @entity857 :: (MESH:D000244,Chemical) :: ['ADP']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Platelets during storage undergo diverse alterations collectively known as the platelet storage lesion, including metabolic, morphological, functional and structural changes. Some changes correlate with activation of @entity1435 ( @entity1435 ). Another MAPK, @entity3963 ( @entity3963 ), is involved in PLT activation. The aim of this study was to compare the properties of platelets stored in plasma in the presence or absence of @entity1435 and @entity3963 MAPK inhibitors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A single Trima apheresis platelet unit (n=12) was aliquoted into five CLX storage bags. Two aliquots were continuously agitated with or without MAPK inhibitors. Two aliquots were subjected to 48 hours of interruption of agitation with or without MAPK inhibitors. One aliquot contained the same amount of solvent vehicle used to deliver the inhibitor. Platelets were stored at 20-24  C for 7 days and sampled on Days 1, 4, and 7 for 18 in vitro parameters. RESULTS: Inhibition of @entity1435 by @entity51135 leads to better maintenance of all platelet in vitro storage parameters including platelet mitochondrial function. Accelerated by interruption of agitation, the platelet storage lesion of units stored with @entity51135 was diminished to that of platelets stored with continuous agitation. Inhibition of @entity3963 MAPK did not ameliorate decrements in any in vitro platelet properties. CONCLUSION: Signaling through @entity1435 , but not @entity3963 , is associated with @entity1423 during storage.

title: An inhibition of XXXX delays the platelet storage lesion.

entities_list: @entity3963 :: ('5594', 'Gene') :: ['ERK', 'extracellular signal-related kinase']

entities_list: @entity1423 :: ('MESH:D001791', 'Disease') :: ['platelet deterioration']

entities_list: @entity1435 :: ('1432', 'Gene') :: ['p38 mitogen activated protein kinase', 'p38', 'p38 MAPK']

answer: @entity1435 :: (1432,Gene) :: ['p38 mitogen activated protein kinase']


abstract: @entity4724 ( @entity4724 ) is the second in occurrence of the parotid gland's @entity5 . In most cases (80%) it is observed as an @entity5 , smoking males aged from 50 to 60 are mainly affected. The authors present an interesting case of simultaneously occurring bilateral @entity4724 growing in parotid gland. A 59-year-old male @entity1 , smoker was admitted to E.N.T. Dept. with a @entity5 . He underwent surgical treatment: superficial parotidectomy on the left side and right side @entity5 exterpation at the same time. After the operation we got the confirmation of the preoperation diagnosis. The @entity1 was discharged home and stayed on the follow-up. Smoking @entity1 with diagnosed unilateral @entity4724 should be followed up because of the possibility of the neoplasmatic recurrence.

title: [ @entity4724 ( XXXX ) located bilaterally].

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'unilateral tumor', 'benign neoplasms', 'bilateral tumor']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4724 :: ('MESH:D000235', 'Disease') :: ['Adenolymphoma', 'adenolymphoma', "Warthin's tumor"]

answer: @entity4724 :: (MESH:D000235,Disease) :: ['Warthin's tumor']


abstract: In the context of the limitations of structural imaging, brain perfusion and metabolism using SPECT and PET have provided relevant information for the study of @entity73 . The introduction of the radiotracers for cerebral amyloid imaging has changed the diagnostic strategy regarding @entity195 , which is currently considered to be a "continuum." According to this new paradigm, the increasing amyloid load would be associated to the preclinical phase and mild @entity73 . It has been possible to observe "in vivo" images using @entity11703 and PET scans. The characteristics of the @entity11703 image include specific high brain cortical area retention in the positive cases with typical distribution pattern and no retention in the negative cases. This, in combination with @entity419 PET, is the basis of molecular neuroimaging as a biomarker. At present, its prognostic value is being evaluated in longitudinal studies. @entity11703 -PET has become the reference radiotracer to evaluate the presence of cerebral amyloid. However, its availability is limited due to the need for a nearby cyclotron. Therefore, @entity8984 labeled radiotracers are being introduced. Our experience in the last two years with @entity11703 , first in the research phase and then as being clinically applied, has shown the utility of the technique in the clinical field, either alone or in combination with FDG. Thus, amyloid image is a useful tool for the differential diagnosis of @entity303 and it is a potentially useful method for early diagnosis and evaluation of future treatments.

title: Molecular neuroimaging in degenerative XXXX .

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment', 'cognitive decline']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["Alzheimer's disease"]

answer: @entity303 :: (MESH:D003704,Disease) :: ['dementias']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Remote monitoring of @entity712 ( @entity712 ) @entity1 may help in the early detection of acute decompensation before the onset of symptoms, providing the opportunity for early intervention to reduce @entity712 -related hospitalizations, improve outcomes, and lower costs. METHODS AND RESULTS: MUSIC is a multicenter nonrandomized study designed to develop and validate an algorithm for prediction of impending acute @entity712 decompensation with the use of physiologic signals obtained from an external device adhered to the chest. A total of 543 @entity712 @entity1 (206 development, 337 validation) with ejection fraction  <=40% and a recent @entity712 admission were enrolled. @entity1 were remotely monitored for 90 days using a multisensor device. Accounting for device failure and @entity1 withdrawal, 314 @entity1 (114 development, 200 validation) were included in the analysis. Development @entity1 data were used to develop a multiparameter @entity712 detection algorithm. Algorithm performance in the development cohort had 65% sensitivity, 90% specificity, and a false positive rate of 0.7 per @entity1 -year for detection of @entity712 events. In the validation cohort, algorithm performance met the prespecified end points with 63% sensitivity, 92% specificity, and a false positive rate of 0.9 per @entity1 -year. The overall rate of significant adverse skin response was 0.4%. CONCLUSION: Using an external multisensor monitoring system, an @entity712 decompensation prediction algorithm was developed that met the prespecified performance end point. Further studies are required to determine whether the use of this system will improve @entity1 outcomes.

title: Design and performance of a multisensor XXXX monitoring algorithm: results from the multisensor monitoring in @entity712 (MUSIC) study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['HF', 'heart failure']

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['heart failure']


abstract: Tumor @entity39 factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand/ @entity2205 ( @entity2205 or @entity2205 ) is a member of the @entity5 @entity39 factor superfamily that induces apoptosis in various @entity5 cell types but not in most normal cells. However, it is clear that not all @entity5 cells are sensitive to the killing effects of @entity2205 , including @entity0 . Previous studies have demonstrated that chemotherapeutic drugs sensitize @entity5 cells to apoptosis induced by @entity2205 in several types of @entity5 . In the present study, we studied the effects of @entity2205 combined with @entity900 on two @entity0 cell lines MDA-MB-468 and HCC-1937 in vitro. @entity98 assay, @entity1686 staining assay, DAPI staining assay and flow cytometric analysis were undertaken to evaluate the enhancement of @entity0 cell death using Ad-sTRAIL and/or @entity900 . The levels of apoptotic molecules in signal transduction pathways were analyzed by real-time RT-PCR and western blotting. We found that co-treatment with Ad-sTRAIL and @entity900 exhibited stronger @entity137 and induced more significant apoptosis in @entity0 cells compared with Ad-sTRAIL or @entity900 alone. Pretreatment with @entity900 significantly enhanced the expression of @entity3049 . Moreover, the induction of apoptosis by @entity2205 plus @entity900 was accompanied by the downregulation of cFLIP and @entity1836 , and simultaneously robust enzymatic activation of @entity8186 , culminating in decreased @entity5 cell survival. The present study revealed that @entity2205 conjugated with @entity900 exhibited a markedly increased cytotoxic and apoptosis-inducing effect on @entity0 cells.

title: Combination of Ad-sTRAIL with the chemotherapeutic drug XXXX synergistically enhances their pro-apoptotic ability in human @entity0 cells.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity1686 :: ('MESH:D005840', 'Chemical') :: ['crystal violet']

answer: @entity900 :: (MESH:D002945,Chemical) :: ['cisplatin']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of @entity3963 ( @entity3963 ) pathway on @entity842 (NO) release by @entity1 umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) induced by placental growth factor-1 ( @entity7309 -1). METHODS: During January to April 2006, 50 samples of umbilical vein blood were collected from newborns delivered by cesarean section due to intrauterine distress and abnormal fetal position. HUVEC were primarily cultured by trypsin digestion. Then the following procedures were performed: (1) Cells were identified using the morphology and @entity797 factor immunohistochemistry methods if the culture was satisfactory. (2) Cells were collected, and fms-like tyrosin kinase ( @entity6758 ) protein and its mRNA expression were detected with immunoprints and RT-PCR methods. (3) The protein was extracted after cells were treated with @entity7309 -1 (cells were collected before the treatment and 2.5, 5, 10, 20 min after the treatment). The protein levels of @entity3963 were determined by immunoprints. (4) The cells were cultured with serum-free culture medium containing @entity7309 -1 only (culture media were collected 20, 40, 160, 360, 480, 720 and 1440 min after the treatment). The quantity of NO was detected with @entity1507 reductase method. (5) The cells were cultured with serum-free culture medium containing @entity4286 , the inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ @entity8047 for 60 min. Then the cells were cultured continuously with the serum-free culture medium containing @entity7309 -1 for 60 min. The culture media were collected. The quantity of NO was detected by @entity1507 reductase method. The samples were divided into treatment group and control group. Control group was exactly the same in treatment time, culture condition, and time to collect the cells as the treatment group, except that it was not treated with @entity7309 -1 or @entity4286 . RESULTS: (1) By morphology and @entity797 factor immunohistochemistry the cultured cells were identified to be HUVEC. (2) @entity6758 mRNA and protein were expressed in HUVEC. (3) Expression of @entity3963 protein started to increase at 2.5 min after treatment of HUVEC with @entity7309 -1, reaching the peak at 5 min, and decreased at 10 min. (4) In comparison with the control group, NO started to increase at 20 min after treatment of HUVEC with @entity7309 -1 (6.96 +/- 0.34) micromol/L, significantly increased at 40 min (9.45 +/- 0.59) micromol/L, and arrived at the peak at 480 min (15.82 +/- 0.69) micromol/L Comparison between the two groups showed a significant difference (P<0.05). (5) Release of NO from the cells treated with @entity4286 for 1 hour and @entity7309 was significantly inhibited, compared with the cells treated with @entity7309 -1 only. CONCLUSION: @entity3963 pathways play an important role in NO release by HUVEC induced by @entity7309 .

title: [Effect of @entity3963 pathway on @entity842 release by XXXX umbilical vein endothelial cell induced by placental growth factor-1].

entities_list: @entity3963 :: ('5594', 'Gene') :: ['extracellular signal-regulated kinase', 'ERK']

entities_list: @entity1507 :: ('CHEBI:48107', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrate']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Cervicocephalic @entity4066 can cause both @entity385 and @entity64 . However, spontaneous cervicocephalic @entity4066 presenting only with @entity10 and @entity4048 has rarely been reported. The clinical features of @entity1 with spontaneous cervicocephalic @entity4066 presenting only with @entity10 and @entity4048 were investigated. METHODS: The subjects were seven @entity1 with spontaneous cervicocephalic @entity4066 with @entity10 and @entity4048 alone who were admitted to our hospital during the past 3 years. The clinical features of these @entity1 were investigated. The diagnosis of @entity4066 was based on the criteria of the Strategies Against @entity64 Study for Young Adults in Japan. RESULTS: The age of the @entity1 (3 males, 4 females) ranged from 35 to 79 (mean, 51.0    16.2) years. Six @entity1 had @entity4066 , one had internal carotid artery dissection, and one had an association of @entity18208 . With the exception of one @entity1 , the @entity10 and @entity4048 were unilateral. All @entity1 with @entity4048 . In the cases of internal carotid artery dissection, one @entity1 complained of @entity158 , and one @entity1 with co-existing @entity4048 . The mode of onset was acute in five @entity1 , thunderclap in one, and gradual and progressive in one. The @entity158 was severe in all cases. Five @entity1 complained of @entity158 , while two had intermittent @entity158 . The quality of the @entity158 was described as throbbing by five @entity1 and constrictive by two. The @entity10 and @entity4048 persisted for 1 week or longer in six of the seven @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Cervicocephalic @entity4066 should be suspected when @entity1 complain of intense unilateral posterior cervical and @entity158 or @entity158 .

title: Spontaneous cervicocephalic XXXX with @entity10 and @entity4048 as the only symptom.

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['Stroke', 'hemorrhagic stroke']

entities_list: @entity18208 :: ('MESH:D020215', 'Disease') :: ['vertebral and internal carotid artery dissection']

entities_list: @entity4048 :: ('MESH:D019547', 'Disease') :: ['neck pain', 'vertebral artery dissection complained of posterior cervical or occipital pain', 'vertebral artery dissection complained of posterior cervical pain']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['temporal pain', 'occipital pain', 'pain', 'continuous pain']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity4066 :: ('MESH:D020217', 'Disease') :: ['vertebral artery dissection', 'arterial dissection']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity4066 :: (MESH:D020217,Disease) :: ['arterial dissection']


abstract: BACKGROUND: It has been of great interest whether @entity10438 (MF) is better than other inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) as the controller therapy in @entity1 with moderate or severe @entity565 who had previously been taking ICSs. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this meta-analysis is to thoroughly compare the efficacy and safety of MF versus other ICSs with equipotent daily doses in those @entity1 . METHODS: Relative databases were searched. Randomised controlled trials of more than or equal to 4 weeks' treatment duration comparing MF with other ICSs were reviewed. RESULTS: Six trials with 1354 randomised @entity1 met the inclusion criteria. Significant differences favouring MF were found in all indices of pulmonary function. MF was superior compared to other ICSs in decreasing the frequency of rescue medication use and morning difficulty breathing score. There was no significant difference between MF and other ICSs therapy in morning wheezing score, cough score and percentage of @entity1 with no nocturnal awakenings due to @entity565 . For the treatment-related @entity4237 ( @entity4237 ), treatment-related severe @entity4237 , discontinuations due to @entity4237 and some common symptom of @entity4237 , MF was all similar to other ICSs in their incidence. CONCLUSIONS: In adult @entity1 with moderate or severe @entity565 who had previously been taking ICSs, MF was superior to other ICSs with equipotent daily doses as controller monotherapy in improving pulmonary function and decreasing the frequency of rescue medication use, and was similar to other ICSs in the incidence of @entity4237 . These results demonstrated the priority of MF in @entity565 therapy.

title: Comparison of the efficacy and safety of @entity10438 to other inhaled steroids for XXXX : a meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity10438 :: ('MESH:C053915', 'Chemical') :: ['mometasone furoate']

entities_list: @entity4237 :: ('MESH:D000160', 'Disease') :: ['AEs', 'adverse effects']

answer: @entity565 :: (MESH:D001249,Disease) :: ['asthma']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity455 related to cup-fixating screws penetrating the medial acetabular wall during total hip arthroplasty are not uncommon but rarely are associated with serious adverse events in the late post-operative period. CASE PRESENTATION: We present the case of a 77-year-old Japanese @entity1 who developed progressive extensive bone resorption and large @entity1410 in the acetabulum 13 years after total hip arthroplasty. On admission to our hospital, she was on oral @entity1229 (1.5mg/day) for @entity955 . About 5 months after the initiation of anticoagulant therapy, she suffered a major fall followed by massive subcutaneous and pelvic @entity548 , predominantly on the medial side of the right thigh, but a @entity174 or @entity16 was not evident on an emergency orthopedic evaluation. One year after the accident, a routine follow-up examination showed an asymptomatic @entity690 in the acetabulum on the right pelvis, and 2 years later our @entity1 noticed progressive @entity158 in her right hip during walking. A large @entity690 was noted in the right acetabulum on a plain radiograph. On high-resolution computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, a huge @entity75 in the acetabulum was suggestive of chronic @entity1410 in intrapelvic and extrapelvic gluteal regions. A closer computed tomography examination showed that one of the screws used for fixation of the acetabular component in the total hip arthroplasty had penetrated the acetabular bone and had reached the pelvic cavity. Surgery was performed in a single session by means of two approaches: anterior midline transperitoneal address to resect the low-density mass lesion followed by posterolateral acetabular implant re-settlement. CONCLUSIONS: Though rare, total hip arthroplasty-related late @entity455 could be serious and potentially affect the limb and quality of life.

title: Retroperitoneal XXXX with bone resorption around the acetabular component after total hip arthroplasty: a case report and review of the literature.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular complications', 'Vascular complications']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['girdle bleeding']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['granulomatous lesion']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['damage of total hip arthroplasty']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity690 :: ('MESH:D030981', 'Disease') :: ['osteolytic lesion']

entities_list: @entity1229 :: ('MESH:D014859', 'Chemical') :: ['warfarin']

answer: @entity1410 :: (MESH:D006406,Disease) :: ['hematoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1003 manifest by elevation of the prothrombin time (PT) in @entity1 receiving broad spectrum antimicrobials indirectly suggests a role for intestinal microflora synthesized @entity4606 ( @entity15617 ) in the maintenance of normal coagulation. Nonetheless, no direct evidence is available to support this contention. OBJECTIVE: Our objective was therefore to provide evidence that bacterially produced @entity15617 may be absorbed by the distal small bowel of @entity1 . METHODS: Using a cell harvester, @entity794 (ATCC 29213) was grown in 12-L batches, harvested, and extracted by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to obtain 8 mg of pure @entity15617 . Four normal volunteers were placed on a diet severely restricted in @entity17105 (median 32-40 U/day), and were given warfarin to maintain an International Normalized Ratio of approximately 2.0. On the 10th day of @entity1229 administration, naso-ileal intubation was performed and 1.5 mg of @entity15617 was delivered into the ileum. PT, factor VII, II and serum @entity17105 levels were monitored throughout the study. RESULTS: Mean serum @entity17105 levels were reduced to 30% of the pre-diet value at the time of @entity15617 administration. Within 24 h of ileal @entity15617 administration, there was a significant (p < 0.05) increase in the factor VII level of 0.28 +/- 0.10 U/ml (mean +/- SEM) and a significant decrease of 2.5 (+/- 0.1) s in the PT, whereas in the control phase (during which no @entity15617 was administered), there were no significant changes in the PT or factor VII at corresponding time intervals. CONCLUSION: These data provide direct evidence for the absorption of @entity4606 from the distal small bowel, supporting a definite role for bacterially synthesized @entity4606 in contributing to the @entity1 nutritional requirements of this vitamin.

title: The contribution of @entity4606 ( XXXX ) produced by the intestinal microflora to @entity1 nutritional requirements for vitamin K.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']

entities_list: @entity1003 :: ('MESH:D001778', 'Disease') :: ['Coagulopathy']

entities_list: @entity4606 :: ('MESH:D024482', 'Chemical') :: ['menaquinone', 'vitamin K2']

answer: @entity4606 :: (MESH:D024482,Chemical) :: ['menaquinones']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Knowledge of factors able to predict the clinical outcome of homogenous series of @entity5 treated with @entity1943 analogues is poor. This study was aimed at identifying predictors for efficacy of @entity1943 analogues at inhibiting @entity5 growth and modifying @entity1 ' survival during long-term follow-up. @entity1 AND METHODS: 31 @entity1 with @entity3123 received long-acting @entity1943 analogues. All had progressive, metastatic disease (87% liver metastases, 38.7% distant extra-hepatic metastases). RESULTS: Response rate after 6 months of treatment was 45.2% (all disease stabilisation: 27.8% of pancreatic vs. 81.8% of intestinal @entity5 , P = 0.007). The predictors for non-response were: pancreatic @entity5 (OR 5.8), no previous surgery ( @entity38690 ), and the presence of distant extra-hepatic metastases, the latter being also confirmed by multivariate analysis (OR 10.0). Responders maintained stabilisation for 26.5 months, and none died during follow-up. Different survival curves were observed for @entity1 , responding at 6 months compared to non-responders (P = 0.004), 3-year survival rate being 100% and 52.3%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Distant extra-hepatic metastases are the major predictor of poor efficacy of @entity1943 analogues in progressive, metastatic, well-differentiated @entity3123 . @entity1 achieving response after 6 months of treatment, maintain it throughout a long-term follow-up. Non-responders after 6 months of treatment, have a worse survival, and should be considered for alternative treatments.

title: Long-term clinical outcome of XXXX analogues for treatment of progressive, metastatic, well-differentiated @entity3123 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity3123 :: ('MESH:C562463', 'Disease') :: ['entero-pancreatic endocrine carcinomas', 'entero-pancreatic well-differentiated endocrine carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['entero-pancreatic endocrine tumours', 'tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity1943 :: ('MESH:D013004', 'Chemical') :: ['somatostatin']

answer: @entity1943 :: (MESH:D013004,Chemical) :: ['somatostatin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Autologous transplantation of the submandibular gland (SMG) into the temporal fossa with microvascular @entity254 has been successfully applied in severe @entity7560 @entity1 as a permanent tear substitute. However, severe @entity7560 can be accompanied by @entity3359 , making such autotransplantation unsuitable. Therefore, SMG allotransplantation might be a solution. The aim of this study was to assess the technical feasibility of submandibular gland allotransplantation. METHODS: Twelve miniature @entity1707 were randomized to serve as donors or recipients. One SMG was transplanted between a donor and a recipient. The donor SMG was revascularized by microvascular @entity254 of its vascular pedicle to the recipient lingual artery and external jugular vein. The secretory duct was implanted into the vestibule of the mouth through a subcutaneous tunnel. No immunosuppressive agent was administered. The results were assessed by visual inspection of the secretion, and histopathological examination of the transplanted SMG. RESULTS: Technically, all surgical procedures were successful. Clear secretion flowed out of the duct as soon as blood supply of the transplanted submandibular gland was reestablished. The secretion of the gland lasted for 5 days. As expected, an acute rejection reaction occurred after surgery because no immunosuppressive agents were used. Secretion from the transplanted SMG ceased within 5 days. CONCLUSIONS: A model of SMG allotransplantation can be established in miniature @entity1707 . The technique of submandibular gland allotransplantation is feasible.

title: Establishment of submandibular gland allotransplantation model in miniature XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3359 :: ('MESH:D012466', 'Disease') :: ['salivary gland dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity7560 :: ('MESH:D014985', 'Disease') :: ['xerophthalmia']

answer: @entity1707 :: (9823,Species) :: ['swine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: There has been little research on how late-life frailty interrelates with @entity458 . Our objective was to examine the association of frailty with sexual functioning and satisfaction among older @entity1 . METHODS: The study population consisted of 1,504 @entity1 aged 60 to 79 years, participating in the European Male Aging Study. Self-report questionnaires measured overall sexual functioning, sexual function-related distress, and @entity323 . Frailty status was defined using a phenotype (FP) or index (FI). Associations between frailty and sexual function were explored using regression models. RESULTS: Based on the frailty phenotype, 5% of @entity1 were classified as frail, and the mean frailty index was 0.18 (SD = 0.12). Frailty was associated with decreasing overall sexual functioning and increasing sexual function-related distress in multiple linear regressions adjusted for age, smoking, @entity167 consumption, living arrangements, comorbidities, and @entity308 . Frailty was also associated with an increased odds of @entity323 after adjustment for the same confounders: odds ratio = 1.99 (95% confidence interval = 1.14, 3.48) and 4.08 (95% confidence interval = 2.63, 6.36) for frailty phenotype and frailty index, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Frailty was associated with @entity458 , and @entity323 . Individuals assessed for frailty-related deficits may also benefit from an appraisal of @entity458 as an important aspect of well-being and quality of life.

title: Frailty and @entity458 in older European XXXX .

entities_list: @entity323 :: ('MESH:D007172', 'Disease') :: ['erectile dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['impaired overall sexual functioning, sexual function-related distress', 'sexual health']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['men']


abstract: Recently, considerable progress has been made in understanding the genetic basis of @entity2299 and in studying the safety and efficacy of lipid-lowering drugs for @entity301 ( @entity301 ) prevention. Novel loci have been identified for monogenic @entity1007 , such as @entity754 ( @entity754 )-associated protein, @entity756 , and @entity855 -binding cassette transporters @entity24549 and @entity24551 . @entity754 -associated protein promotes clustering of LDLRs into clathrin-coated pits for LDL uptake; @entity756 is involved in @entity754 degradation; and @entity24549 and 8 pump sterols out of the hepatic and intestinal cells into bile and intestinal lumen, respectively. A novel gene encoding @entity23353 , an activator of lipoprotein lipase, has also been linked to @entity3295 . Linkage of familial combined @entity407 to upstream stimulatory factor 1 remains controversial. Recent guidelines of the Adult Treatment Panel III emphasize intensive reduction of LDL or non-high-density lipoprotein @entity165 in @entity1 at high risk of @entity301 . However, of the four recently concluded trials comparing high- vs. low-dose statin therapy, only two showed an unequivocal reduction in cardiovascular endpoints. Because intensive statin therapy can increase the risk of @entity121 and hepatotoxicity, it is important to consider its risk-benefit ratio in individual @entity1 . Restriction of dietary saturated and trans-fat and @entity165 , along with increased intake of soluble fiber, can also achieve substantial LDL @entity165 lowering. Fibrates may reduce the risk of acute @entity788 in severely @entity6308 @entity1 and may be beneficial for @entity301 prevention. However, the safety and efficacy of combined therapy of fibrates and statins needs to be established.

title: Update on XXXX .

entities_list: @entity754 :: ('3949', 'Gene') :: ['LDLR', 'low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor']

entities_list: @entity407 :: ('MESH:D006949', 'Disease') :: ['hyperlipidemia']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity1007 :: ('MESH:D006937', 'Disease') :: ['hypercholesterolemia']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['CHD', 'coronary heart disease']

entities_list: @entity756 :: ('255738', 'Gene') :: ['proprotein convertase subtilisin-like kexin type 9']

entities_list: @entity2299 :: ('MESH:D050171', 'Disease') :: ['dyslipidemias']

entities_list: @entity6308 :: ('MESH:D064250', 'Disease') :: ['hypertriglyceridemic']

entities_list: @entity3295 :: ('MESH:D006953', 'Disease') :: ['familial hypertriglyceridemia']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['myopathy']

answer: @entity2299 :: (MESH:D050171,Disease) :: ['dyslipidemia']


abstract: @entity794 is an important cause of @entity281 in dairy herds. Both lactational and dry @entity291 therapy are part of Staph. aureus control programs. Reported cure rates for Staph. aureus @entity1271 vary considerably. The probability of cure depends on @entity291 , pathogen, and treatment factors. Cure rates decrease with increasing age of the @entity291 , increasing somatic cell count, increasing duration of @entity281 , increasing bacterial colony counts in milk before treatment, and increasing number of quarters infected. @entity794 @entity1271 in hind quarters has a low cure rate compared with front quarters. Antimicrobial treatment of intramammary infections with @entity114 -resistant Staph. aureus strains results in a lower cure rate for treatment with either @entity3405 or non- @entity3405 antibiotics. Other strain-specific factors may affect the probability of cure but routine diagnostic methods for use in bacteriology laboratories or veterinary practices are not yet available. The most important treatment factor affecting cure is treatment duration. Increased duration of treatment is associated with increased chance of cure. Economically, extended treatment is not always justified, even when indirect effects of treatment such as prevention of contagious transmission are taken into consideration. Usefulness of treatment trials could be improved by standardization of case definitions, consideration of host and strain factors, and sufficient statistical power. Treatment of young animals with @entity114 -sensitive Staph. @entity281 is often justified based on bacteriological cure and economic outcome, whereas treatment of older animals, @entity281 , or @entity114 -resistant isolates should be discouraged.

title: Invited Review: The role of @entity291 , pathogen, and treatment regimen in the therapeutic success of @entity291 XXXX @entity1271 .

entities_list: @entity3405 :: ('CHEBI:35627', 'Chemical') :: ['beta-lactam']

entities_list: @entity114 :: ('MESH:D010406', 'Chemical') :: ['penicillin']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['udder infections', 'infection', 'chronic infections', 'aureus infections']

answer: @entity794 :: (1280,Species) :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']


abstract: Although @entity28 is a key predisposing risk factor in the development of insulin resistance (IR) and @entity6 , not all @entity28 individuals develop IR. This study aimed to identify key anthropometric and biochemical parameters that predict @entity1720 in overweight and @entity28 adults. Based on previous literature, we hypothesized that markers of @entity1720 would be negatively correlated with plasma concentrations of free @entity1718 and liver enzymes. Forty nondiabetic adult @entity1 (body mass index >=  25.0 kg/m  ) were recruited. Data collection included anthropometric measurements and fasting plasma samples for the quantification of liver enzymes ( @entity493 transaminase, @entity492 transaminase, y-glutamyl transpeptidase), blood lipid profile, and markers of @entity1720 . Questionnaires relating to dietary intake, physical activity, and @entity1295 were also completed. Insulin and Homeostasis Model of Assessment (HOMA) scores were significantly correlated with indirect measures of central @entity28 (P < .05). Glycosylated hemoglobin, insulin, and HOMA scores for IR were all positively correlated with selected liver function markers (P < .05). Scores of HOMA-IR were significantly positively correlated with plasma phospholipid levels of n-3 @entity1718 (P = .04) and ratio of n-3/n-6 @entity1718 (P < .05) and negatively correlated with n-6 @entity1718 (P = .03). No significant correlations were found between markers of @entity1720 and @entity165 levels, physical activity, or self-reported @entity1295 . These results have reinforced the integral role of liver function in the development of IR. Despite previous data linking elevations in free @entity844 to the development of IR, we found no relationship between these variables in this study.

title: Liver enzymes but not free XXXX levels predict markers of @entity1720 in overweight and @entity28 , nondiabetic adults.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity844 :: ('CHEBI:35366', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['type 2 diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obese', 'obesity']

entities_list: @entity492 :: ('CHEBI:29995', 'Chemical') :: ['aspartate']

entities_list: @entity1720 :: ('MESH:D007333', 'Disease') :: ['insulin sensitivity']

entities_list: @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity493 :: ('CHEBI:16449', 'Chemical') :: ['alanine']

answer: @entity844 :: (CHEBI:35366,Chemical) :: ['fatty acid']


abstract: With the use of @entity900 , @entity900 , to enhance the effect of radiation a combined modality approach was designed to treat @entity1 with inoperable, locally advanced @entity1149 . The regimen consisted of radiation doses of 300 cGy for 4 days every week for 4 weeks with a 2 week split in between. Each radiation dose was followed by an i.v. injection of @entity900 6 mg/m2 within 30 min. Hydration consisted on an oral fluid intake of 2 L only, enabling the @entity1 to receive the treatment on an outpatient basis. Of 40 @entity1 entered into the study, 37 were evaluable for @entity137 and 33 for response. Overall response rate was 65% and complete response rate 22%. Median duration of local control was 7 months. The majority of all @entity1 (76%) eventually progressed at the primary @entity5 site, while in 16 @entity1 relapse occurred in distant sites first. Median duration of overall survival was 10.5 months, whereas that of complete responders was 29.5 months. Generally, acute side effects were transient and did not require discontinuation of treatment. One @entity1 presented with @entity882 4 weeks after treatment had been finished. His death of @entity1779 was likely to be related with his therapy-resistant malignancy. Of late side effects three @entity1 showed disabling symptoms consisting of uncontrollable @entity358 in the presence of @entity5 in two @entity1 , one @entity1 had radiation @entity602 and another experienced @entity891 with distal paresis. The combination of radiation and daily low-dose @entity900 is a tolerable treatment modality with most benefit for @entity1 reaching a complete remission. Intensification of the regimen is being planned in those @entity1 with inoperable, locally advanced @entity1544 to reach a complete remission.

title: Phase II trial of combined radiotherapy and daily low-dose @entity900 for inoperable, locally advanced XXXX ( @entity1149 ).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin', 'cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II)']

entities_list: @entity602 :: ('MESH:D013118', 'Disease') :: ['myelopathy']

entities_list: @entity891 :: ('MESH:D001261', 'Disease') :: ['vertebral collapse']

entities_list: @entity1544 :: ('MESH:D018307', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary infections']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral bleeding']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']


abstract: Intercellular adhesion molecule ( @entity2071 ), vascular cell adhesion molecule ( @entity4725 ), and the lymphocyte function-associated antigen ( @entity1453 ) are cell adhesion molecules thought to play an important role in the complex process of airway inflammation and @entity5 cell growth. The aim of this study was to examine the distribution of @entity2071 , @entity4725 , and @entity1453 in @entity2220 and in major cellular compartments of non-neoplastic lung tissue. We examined cellular compartments in tissue from five @entity189 , three acinar @entity420 , and one @entity694 metastatic to the lung. The compartments in @entity5 included the @entity5 cells proper, endothelial cells within the @entity5 vasculature, @entity5 stromal cells, and @entity5 -infiltrating lymphocytes. The compartments in non-neoplastic lung tissue included lung endothelial cells, pulmonary lymphocytes, interstitial fibroblasts, @entity133 , and bronchial epithelial cells. @entity2071 was expressed in @entity5 cells from all of the nine @entity420 . In contrast, @entity4725 expression was not identified in @entity5 cells from any of the nine @entity420 . @entity2071 was expressed in all cellular compartments of the non-neoplastic lung tissue, whereas @entity4725 was expressed only in pulmonary lymphocytes and interstitial fibroblastic cells. @entity1453 was uniformly expressed in @entity5 -infiltrating lymphocytes from each of the nine @entity5 and all of the lymphocytes in non-neoplastic lung tissue. This study showed major differences in the expression of @entity2071 and @entity4725 in @entity5 cells from @entity420 and also provided evidence for a wider distribution of @entity2071 , compared with @entity4725 , in non-neoplastic cellular compartments of the lung. @entity2071 expression was particularly noticeable in bronchial and alveolar epithelial cells. Upregulation of @entity2071 in @entity420 might foster binding by @entity1453 -bearing lymphocytes, with a possible impact on the vulnerability of @entity5 cells to host defense mechanisms.

title: Expression of @entity2071 , @entity4725 , and @entity1453 in XXXX with observations on the expression of these adhesion molecules in non-neoplastic lung tissue.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors', 'neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['bronchoalveolar carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity133 :: ('MESH:D002282', 'Disease') :: ['Type II alveolar pneumocytes']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinomas', 'pulmonary adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon cancer']

entities_list: @entity2220 :: ('MESH:C538231', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma of lung']

answer: @entity2220 :: (MESH:C538231,Disease) :: ['adenocarcinoma of the lung']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: To investigate the association of low estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 mL/min with recurrent @entity64 risk and to evaluate whether add-on @entity916 -angiotensin system modulator therapy is associated with lower recurrent @entity64 risk in @entity1 with low eGFR. METHODS: We analyzed the database of a multicenter trial involving 18,666 @entity1 with recent @entity385 followed for 2.5 years. Primary outcome was time to first recurrent @entity64 . Independent associations of low eGFR with outcome in the entire cohort and add-on @entity9887 treatment with outcome among those with low eGFR were evaluated. RESULTS: Low eGFR was observed in 3630 (20.1%) @entity1 . @entity1 with low eGFR were older, more likely @entity1 , with a known history of @entity101 . In unadjusted analyses, @entity1 with low eGFR were more likely to experience a recurrent @entity64 (hazard ratio, 1.34; 95% confidence interval, 1.20-1.49). After adjusting for confounders, low eGFR was still associated with recurrent @entity64 but to a lesser extent (hazard ratio, 1.16; 95% confidence interval, 1.04-1.31). @entity9887 treatment among @entity1 with low eGFR was not independently associated with recurrent @entity64 (hazard ratio, 1.08; 95% confidence interval, 0.89-1.31). CONCLUSIONS: Low eGFR is independently associated with a higher risk of recurrent @entity64 , but short-term add-on @entity9887 therapy does not seem to mitigate this risk. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00153062.

title: Low glomerular filtration rate, recurrent XXXX risk, and effect of @entity916 -angiotensin system modulation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity9887 :: ('MESH:C084178', 'Chemical') :: ['telmisartan', 'Telmisartan']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['stroke']


abstract: BACKGROUND: During postprandial state, TG concentration is increasing and HDL @entity165 decreasing, leading to a transitory pro- @entity731 profile. Previous studies have reported that @entity3157 water improve @entity407 . The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of a strongly bicarbonated mineral water on lipoprotein levels during fasting and postprandial state. METHODS: A controlled, randomised, double-blind cross-over design was conducted in 12 moderately @entity753 subjects after a daily ingestion of 1.25  L of mineral (SY) or low mineral water during eight weeks separated by a one week wash-out period. Blood samples were collected in first visit to the hospital (V1) before water consumption (referent or SY) and in a second visit (V2) after eight week water consumption period. The effect of the consumed water was studied in fasting and in postprandial state during ingestion of a meal and 0.5  L of water. RESULTS: Comparison of data between @entity15880 after SY consumption showed a significant decrease in triglyceridemia (23%), VLDL TG (31%) and tendency to a decrease of VLDL @entity165 (p   =   0.066) at fasting state. Whatever the consumed water during postprandial state, the measurement of total areas under curves did not show a significant difference. No difference was observed between SY and referent water consumption for measured parameters at fasting and postprandial state. CONCLUSION: When subjects consumed SY we showed a decrease of their basal TG and VLDLTG. The unexpected absence of effect of high mineralized water on @entity407 , probably related to experimental conditions, is discussed in the discussion section.

title: Effect of a high @entity3157 mineral water on fasting and @entity407 in moderately XXXX subjects: a pilot study.

entities_list: @entity407 :: ('MESH:D006949', 'Disease') :: ['postprandial lipemia']

entities_list: @entity753 :: ('OMIM:143890', 'Disease') :: ['hypercholesterolemic']

entities_list: @entity3157 :: ('CHEBI:17544', 'Chemical') :: ['bicarbonate']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerotic']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity753 :: (OMIM:143890,Disease) :: ['hypercholesterolemic']


abstract: Primary mediastinal @entity5 are rare @entity5 and can originate from any mediastinal organ or tissue such as thymic, neurogenic, lymphatic, germinal, or mesenchymal. The authors reviewed all cases of primary pediatric mediastinal masses diagnosed over a 25-year period to determine the pattern of presentation, the histology, and the outcome of the surgical treatment. In this study, 120 primary pediatric mediastinal mass cases diagnosed between 1985 and 2011 are retrospectively evaluated according to their age, sex, symptoms, anatomical location, surgical treatment, and histopathological evaluation. The median age of the @entity1 was 5.8 years. There were 34 benign and 86 @entity5 . Thirty @entity1 were asymptomatic. Common symptoms in the @entity1 were cough, @entity1353 , fatigue, @entity221 , @entity158 , @entity615 , and @entity16 . According to their origins, they were presented as @entity5 (38.3%), @entity706 (18.3%), undifferentiated @entity242 (15%), @entity2971 (7.5%), and the other @entity5 (22%) thymic pathologies, @entity2696 , @entity980 , @entity362 , @entity2695 , and @entity3969 . Complete resection of the @entity5 was performed in 86 @entity1 , partial resection of the @entity5 was the intervention in 11 @entity1 . In 23 @entity1 , biopsy was undertaken. Because of the high incidence of asymptomatic or nonspecific presentation such as the upper @entity1030 , the presentation of a mediastinal mass in @entity1 may be challenging. @entity5 or @entity706 are indicating surgery, if possible complete resection, for both benign and malignant conditions. Although surgery is the mainstay of therapy for most mediastinal @entity5 , an experienced multidisciplinary approach is necessary.

title: Mediastinal masses in XXXX : experience with 120 cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancies', 'malign tumors', 'tumor', 'Neurogenic tumors', 'neurogenic tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity242 :: ('MESH:D012509', 'Disease') :: ['sarcomas']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological symptoms']

entities_list: @entity2971 :: ('MESH:D009373', 'Disease') :: ['germ cell tumors']

entities_list: @entity2695 :: ('MESH:D006391', 'Disease') :: ['hemangiomas']

entities_list: @entity3969 :: ('MESH:D009396', 'Disease') :: ["Wilms' tumor"]

entities_list: @entity615 :: ('MESH:D001416', 'Disease') :: ['back pain']

entities_list: @entity2696 :: ('MESH:D008202', 'Disease') :: ['lymphangiomas']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['abdomen pain']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['airway disease']

entities_list: @entity980 :: ('MESH:D012208', 'Disease') :: ['rhabdomyosarcomas']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: In order to study the eventual effects of @entity3147 on small intestinal mucosa, we evaluated 85 @entity1 with @entity294 of more than 14 days' duration, aged from 4 to 114 months (median 17 months). A proximal small intestinal biopsy was obtained and villus height, crypt depth, mucosal thickness, and @entity33 were measured. Gomez, Waterlow, and Z score criteria were applied. Statistical analyses were performed with the Spearman correlation test and the non-parametrical tests of Wilcoxon, Mann-Whitney, and Kruskal-Wallis. A value of p < 0.05 was considered significant. Average villus height was 269.2 microns (+/- 87.5 microns); crypt depth 113.0 microns (+/- 33.8 microns); mucosal thickness 210.5 microns (+/- 73.2 microns); @entity33 485.9 microns (+/- 111.8 microns); and villus height/crypt depth ratio 2.5:1 (+/- 0.8:1). Five @entity1 had @entity16995 and 13 had @entity7493 . Villus height for @entity16995 @entity1 ranged from 151 microns to 353.3 microns (average 286.7 microns), crypt depth from 90.3 microns to 154 microns (average 111.11 microns). According to Gomez criteria, as @entity3147 increased, mucosal thickness and the villus/crypt ratio decreased. Waterlow criteria had no relation to mucosal sizes. When distributed in sequential decrease according to their nutritional state, the Z score for weight for age and weight for height indices showed a positive correlation with villus height, @entity33 , and villus/crypt ratio.

title: Relationship between nutritional status and histologic findings in small bowel mucosa of @entity1 presenting with XXXX of more than 14 days' duration.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity16995 :: ('MESH:D007732', 'Disease') :: ['kwashiorkor']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhoea']

entities_list: @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['total mucosal thickness']

entities_list: @entity3147 :: ('MESH:D044342', 'Disease') :: ['malnutrition']

answer: @entity294 :: (MESH:D003967,Disease) :: ['diarrhoea']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To devascularize @entity1653 , the precise location of @entity5 attachment must be known. However, when a cerebellopontine angle (CPA) @entity1653 is in contact with many surrounding structures, it can be difficult to distinguish the most vascularized attachment (MVA) from other contact surfaces. OBJECTIVE: To validate the usefulness of a virtual operation field (VOF) of a CPA @entity1653 by high-spatial-resolution three-dimensional computer graphics (hs-3DCG). METHODS: Presurgical simulation with VOF was performed for eight CPA @entity1653 to assess the MVA and the appropriate route to the main feeder. For hs-3DCG, the necessary preoperative radiographic images were fused. A hybrid model of volume and surface rendering was created from the fused images. The simulation results were compared with the operative results, and the MVA estimation rate was compared between VOF and contrast-enhanced fast imaging employing steady-state acquisition. RESULTS: By using VOF, the point at which the main feeder penetrated the @entity5 was estimated in all cases, and using this information, the MVA was detected. All @entity1 underwent resection of the main feeder in the same way as simulated preoperatively. Estimation rates of MVA were 37.5% in CE-FIESTA and 100% in VOF (p = 0.02, Fisher's exact test). CONCLUSION: The hs-3DCG method was of sufficiently high quality to enable VOF of CPA @entity1653 . This method may facilitate estimation of MVA and the main feeder penetration point, and may aid in the determination of the most appropriate approach to the main feeder.

title: Presurgical planning of feeder resection with realistic three-dimensional virtual operation field in XXXX with cerebellopontine angle meningioma.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1653 :: ('MESH:D008579', 'Disease') :: ['meningioma', 'meningiomas']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Randomized trials have shown that angiotensin-converting enzyme ( @entity1289 ) inhibitors reduce mortality and morbidity, and improve symptoms and exercise tolerance in selected @entity1 with @entity712 ( @entity712 ). There is, however, no evidence on the effectiveness of @entity1289 inhibitors in the typical, very old and frail @entity1 with @entity712 . OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of @entity1289 inhibitors and digoxin on 1-year mortality, morbidity, and physical function among @entity1 aged 85 years. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the @entity12337 database, a long-term care database linking @entity1 information with drug utilization data. Among 64637 @entity1 with @entity712 admitted to all nursing homes in 5 states between 1992 and 1995, we identified 19492 @entity1 taking either an @entity1289 inhibitor (n = 4911) or digoxin (n = 14890). Record of date of death was derived from Medicare enrollment files, and we used the part A Medicare files to identify hospital admissions and discharge diagnoses. As a measure of physical function, we used a scale for activities of daily living performance. The effect of @entity1289 inhibitors was estimated using Cox proportional hazards models with digoxin users as the reference group. RESULTS: The overall mortality rate among @entity1289 inhibitor recipients was more than 10% less than that of @entity6838 users (relative rate, 0.89; 95% confidence interval, 0.83-0.95). Mortality was equally reduced regardless of concomitant cardiovascular conditions and baseline physical function. Treatment with @entity1289 inhibitors was associated with a tendency toward reduced hospital admissions that was more evident among @entity1 with greater functional impairment. The adjusted relative rate for hospitalization for any reason was 0.96 (95% confidence interval, 0.91-1.01). The rate of functional decline was greatly reduced among @entity1289 inhibitor recipients (relative rate, 0.74; 95% confidence interval, 0.69-0.80), and this effect was consistent and independent of background comorbidity and baseline physical function. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that survival and functional benefits of @entity1289 inhibitor therapy extend to @entity1 with @entity712 85 years and older, and mostly @entity1 , both systematically underrepresented in randomized trials. Alternatively, digoxin has a detrimental effect in this population.

title: Effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and digoxin on health outcomes of very old @entity1 with XXXX . @entity12337 Study Group. Systematic Assessment of Geriatric drug use via Epidemiology.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure', 'CHF']

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['heart failure']


abstract: Implication of protein phosphatases in @entity195 led us to a systemic investigation of the identification of these enzyme activities in @entity1 brain. @entity1 brain phosphatases eluted from DEAE-Sephacel with 0.22 M @entity1219 were resolved into two main groups by affi-gel blue chromatography, namely affi-gel blue-binding phosphatases and affi-gel blue-nonbinding phosphatases. Affi-gel blue-binding phosphatases were further separated into four different phosphatases, designated @entity32494 by calmodulin-Sepharose 4B and @entity5731 -agarose chromatographies. These four phosphatases exhibited activities towards nonprotein phosphoester and two of them, @entity32494 , could dephosphorylate phosphoproteins. The activities of the four phosphatases differed in pH optimum, divalent metal ion requirements, sensitivities to various inhibitors and substrate affinities. The apparent molecular masses as estimated by gel-filtration for @entity32494 were 97, 45, 42, and 125 kDa, respectively. P1 is markedly similar to PP2B from @entity291 brain and @entity95 skeletal muscle. P4 was labeled with anti- @entity4333 antibody and may represent a new subtype of @entity4333 . @entity32494 were also effective in dephosphorylating @entity195 @entity854 (AD P-tau). The resulting dephosphorylated AD P-tau had its activity restored in promoting assembly of microtubules in vitro. These results suggest that @entity32494 might be involved in the regulation of phosphorylation of tau in @entity1 brain, especially in neurodegenerative conditions like @entity195 which are characterized by the abnormal hyperphosphorylation of this protein.

title: Multiple forms of phosphatase from XXXX brain: isolation and partial characterization of affi-gel blue binding phosphatases.

entities_list: @entity5731 :: ('CHEBI:61490', 'Chemical') :: ['poly-(L-lysine)']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['abnormally hyperphosphorylated tau']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["Alzheimer's disease", 'Alzheimer disease']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Cell division is positively regulated by cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) partnered with cyclins and negatively regulated by CDK inhibitors. In the frog, @entity1238 , three types of CDK inhibitors have been described: @entity50940 ( @entity50940 ) which shares sequence homology with both p21Cip1 and p27Kip1 from mammals, @entity32631 (Xic2) which shares sequence homology with p21Cip1, and p17Xic3 (Xic3) which shares sequence homology with p27Kip1. While past studies have demonstrated that during DNA polymerase switching, @entity50940 is targeted for protein turnover dependent upon DNA, @entity7559 ( @entity7559 ), and the ubiquitin ligase CRL4Cdt2, little is known about the processes that regulate Xic2 or Xic3. METHODS: We used the @entity1238 interphase egg extract as a model system to examine the regulation of Xic2 by proteolysis and phosphorylation. RESULTS: Our studies indicated that following primer synthesis during the initiation of DNA replication, Xic2 is targeted for DNA- and @entity7559 -dependent ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis and that @entity50941 can promote Xic2 turnover. Additionally, during interphase, Xic2 is phosphorylated by @entity50942 at Ser-98 and Ser-131 in a DNA-independent manner, inhibiting Xic2 turnover. In the presence of double-stranded DNA ends, Xic2 is also phosphorylated at Ser-78 and Ser-81 by a @entity5834 -sensitive kinase, but this phosphorylation does not alter Xic2 turnover. Conversely, in the presence or absence of DNA, Xic3 was stable in the @entity1238 interphase egg extract and did not exhibit a shift indicative of phosphorylation. CONCLUSIONS: During interphase, Xic2 is targeted for DNA- and @entity7559 -dependent proteolysis that is negatively regulated by @entity50942 phosphorylation. During a response to DNA damage, Xic2 may be alternatively regulated by phosphorylation by a @entity5834 -sensitive kinase. Our studies suggest that the three types of @entity1238 CDK inhibitors, @entity50940 , Xic2, and Xic3 appear to be uniquely regulated which may reflect their specialized roles during cell division or early development in the frog.

title: Proteolysis of @entity1238 Cip-type CDK inhibitor, @entity32631 , is regulated by XXXX binding and @entity50942 phosphorylation.

entities_list: @entity1238 :: ('8355', 'Species') :: ['Xenopus laevis', 'Xenopus']

entities_list: @entity5834 :: ('MESH:D002110', 'Chemical') :: ['caffeine']

entities_list: @entity7559 :: ('394328(Tax:8355)', 'Gene') :: ['PCNA', 'Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen']

answer: @entity7559 :: (394328(Tax:8355),Gene) :: ['PCNA']


abstract: The dental care because of radiotherapy in case of @entity135 should be practiced by skilled dentists. First the residual teeth and the dental restorations have to be cleaned and controlled very well. Radiographs complete examinations. Necessary extractions should consider the later prosthodontic restoration with regard to the financial situation of the @entity1 . Mucosal distractors also useful for fluoridation of the teeth and spreader preventing areas which have not necessarily to be irradiated can be manufactured by the dentist. During irradiation the dentist can help to keep up good oral hygiene. After irradiation a close monitoring may avoid @entity6127 . The dentist should recommend strategies to moderate @entity2133 and he can subscribe lymphodrainage if necessary. He can survey the opening of the mouth and the fluoridation of the teeth to limit irradiation caries and @entity7190 . In the end the dentist has to reestablish esthetics, phonetics and chewing function by manufacturing dental restorations.

title: [Dental care in case of XXXX --Part I: Radiotherapy].

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck cancer']

entities_list: @entity2133 :: ('MESH:D014987', 'Disease') :: ['xerostomia']

entities_list: @entity7190 :: ('MESH:D010025', 'Disease') :: ['osteoradionecrosis']

entities_list: @entity6127 :: ('MESH:D007569', 'Disease') :: ['dental destruction and osteoradionecrosis of the jaws']

answer: @entity135 :: (MESH:D006258,Disease) :: ['head and neck cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: The influence of @entity5 site, size, and extent of surgery on the survival of @entity1 with @entity463 multiforme treated on three consecutive prospectively randomized Radiation Therapy Oncology Group trials employing surgery and irradiation plus or minus chemotherapy was studied. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Six hundred forty-five @entity1 with a diagnosis of @entity463 multiforme on central pathological review were analyzed for survival with respect to known prognostic factors, that is, age and Karnofsky Performance Status, as well as extent of surgery, site, and size. Surgical treatment consisted of biopsy only in 17%, partial resection in 64%, and total resection in 19%. @entity5 were located in frontal lobe in 43%, temporal lobe in 28%, and parietal lobe in 25%. Maximum @entity5 diameter as determined on computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging scans was less than 5 cm for 38%, between 5-10 cm for 56% and greater than 10 cm for 6% of @entity1 . The extent of surgical therapy was the same for @entity5 greater than 5 or greater than 10 cm, whereas total resection was more often performed for @entity5 less than 5 cm. The extent of surgery did not appear to vary with age or site. RESULTS: @entity1 undergoing total resection had a median survival of 11.3 months compared to 6.6 months for @entity1 with a biopsy only. A significant difference in median survival was also found for partial resection versus biopsy only treatment (10.4 vs. 6.6 months). There was no difference in survival for the different @entity5 sizes. @entity1 with frontal lobe @entity5 survived longer than those with temporal or @entity75 (11.4 months, 9.1 months, and 9.6 months, respectively) (p = 0.01). A @entity797 multivariate model confirmed a significant correlation of age, Karnofsky Performance Status, extent of surgery, and primary site with survival. The best survival rates occurred in @entity1 who had at least three of the following features: < 40 years of age, high Karnofsky Performance Status, frontal @entity5 , and total resection (17 months median). CONCLUSION: We conclude that biopsy only yields inferior survival to more extensive surgery for @entity1 with @entity463 multiforme treated with surgery and radiation therapy.

title: Influence of location and extent of surgical resection on survival of XXXX with @entity463 multiforme: results of three consecutive Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) clinical trials.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['parietal lobe lesions']

entities_list: @entity463 :: ('MESH:D005909', 'Disease') :: ['glioblastoma']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The goal of this study was to analyze impact of @entity209 ( @entity209 ) and @entity8 on long-term follow-up after catheter ablation of @entity955 ( @entity955 ). METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 702 consecutive @entity1 with @entity955 (age = 58 year, history of @entity955 = 5 year, male = 478, paroxysmal @entity955 = 416, @entity453 = 62, @entity101 = 487) considered for catheter ablation were enrolled in the study. The @entity209 was diagnosed at admission in 276 @entity1 . The renal function was estimated by glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) was performed either with cryoballoon technique (n = 260) or circumferential PVI (n = 442) with a 3.5-mm irrigated tip catheter. A 7-day-Holter electrocardiogram was performed at each follow-up visit. Any episode of documented @entity955 after an initial 3-month blanking period was considered as clinical endpoint. Out of 702 @entity1 , 370 (52.7%) were free of @entity955 recurrences at median follow-up of 15 six interquartile range (12.7-42.3) months. The @entity1 with @entity209 had significantly lower success rate than those without (128/276 (46.4%) vs 242/426 (56.8%), P = 0.006). Among 103 @entity1 with eGFR < 68 mL/min only 35 (34%) were free of recurrences compared with 335/599 (55.9%) in @entity1 with GFR >=  68 mL/min (P = 0.001). Both parameters were revealed in multivariate analysis to be independent predictors for outcome after catheter ablation. CONCLUSION: The results of our study clearly demonstrated that outcome after 1st catheter ablation of @entity955 is poor in @entity1 with @entity209 and/or @entity8 . This observation has a potential clinical impact for the follow up management of these @entity1 .

title: Impact of XXXX and @entity209 on the recurrence of @entity955 after catheter ablation: a long term follow-up.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['impaired renal function']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation', 'AF']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic syndrome', 'MetS']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['impaired renal function']


abstract: The purpose of this retrospective study was to analyse data from the records of @entity1 seen in the @entity922 in a general hospital in the city of Recife, Brazil, during the years 1997-1999, according to sex, age, cause, number of injured teeth, type of tooth and type of @entity130 . The records of all @entity1 seen by dentists were collected. Altogether, 250 @entity1 from 1 to 59 years of age presenting 403 @entity8495 were examined and/or treated. The causes of @entity130 were classified in five categories: home injuries, street injuries, school injuries, sports activities, violence. The type of @entity130 was classified by dentists working at the dental @entity130 clinic on the basis of Andreasen's classification. The gender difference in the number of cases of @entity130 was statistically significant (males 63.2% vs females 36.8) (P<0.0001). @entity174 in enamel only (51.6%) and @entity174 in dentine (40.8%) were the most commonly occurring types of injury. Injuries were most frequently diagnosed as serious among the youngest @entity1 (up to 15 years of age); 82.4% of intrusive luxation cases were diagnosed in the 1-5 years age group. The main causes of @entity8495 were falls (72.4%), collisions with objects (9.2%), violence (8.0%), traffic accidents (6.8%) and sports (3.6%). @entity130 caused by violence was found to be statistically significant in the 6-15 years age group (P<0.0005).

title: A retrospective study of traumatic XXXX in a @entity922 .

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'Fracture']

entities_list: @entity8495 :: ('MESH:D018677', 'Disease') :: ['dental injuries', 'tooth injury']

entities_list: @entity922 :: ('MESH:D013568', 'Disease') :: ['dental trauma emergency clinic']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['Trauma', 'trauma', 'dento-alveolar trauma']

answer: @entity8495 :: (MESH:D018677,Disease) :: ['dental injuries']


abstract: AIMS: To evaluate whether a single decapolar electrode is a reliable and cost-effective substitute for the 'Halo' catheter to map the circuit and detect bidirectional @entity616 during @entity956 . METHODS AND RESULTS: Twenty-four @entity1 underwent AFL ablation by using the decapolar electrode in the infero-lateral wall of right atrium (group A) while a 'Halo' catheter was used in 11 @entity1 (group B). Both groups had similar clinical characteristics. Anti-clockwise rotation (20 @entity1 ), clockwise (3 @entity1 ) or both forms of AFL (1 @entity1 ) were detected in group A. All @entity1 in group B had anti-clockwise AFL. Bidirectional @entity616 was completed in 22 @entity1 of group A and in 9 of group B (P=NS) while incomplete @entity616 was detected in 2 @entity1 in each group (P=NS). Mean fluoroscopy and procedure time was 27 +/- 47 min, 107 +/- 36 min in group A and 14 +/- 19 min, 114 +/- 65 min in group B (P=NS). AFL relapsed in 3 @entity1 of group A (follow-up 7 +/- 4 months) and in 2 of group B (4 +/- 2 months). CONCLUSION: A single decapolar electrode is a reliable method to map the circuit and demonstrate bidirectional @entity616 during AFL ablation. The cost of the decapolar electrode is a quarter of that of the 'Halo' catheter. This represents a significant saving particularly for centres with a substantial number of AFL ablations.

title: @entity956 : efficacy and cost-effectiveness of a single decapolar electrode to demonstrate bidirectional XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity956 :: ('MESH:D001282', 'Disease') :: ['atrial flutter (AFL) ablation']

entities_list: @entity616 :: ('MESH:D006327', 'Disease') :: ['isthmus block']

answer: @entity616 :: (MESH:D006327,Disease) :: ['isthmus block']


abstract: PURPOSE: To clarify whether @entity842 synthase (NOS) is involved in development of @entity1714 , we examined the influence of form deprivation on the expressions of NOS isoform mRNA. METHODS: NOS isoform cDNAs were amplified from total RNA extracted from control and 7-day-form-deprived @entity1573 retina-RPE (retinal pigment epithelium)-choroid, using competitive RT-PCR (reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction). Each NOS isoform protein was also analyzed by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. RESULT: Expression of @entity17981 ( @entity17981 ) mRNA was highest in the control @entity1573 retina-RPE-choroid, followed by the expression of brain NOS (bNOS) mRNA. Expression of endothelial NOS (eNOS) mRNA was faint. The @entity17981 protein level, however, was only slightly higher than the levels of the bNOS and eNOS proteins and was found mainly in the outer part of the photoreceptor layer and inner and outer parts of RPE and choroid. bNOS alone was found in the outer nuclear layer. Although form deprivation reduced the @entity17981 and bNOS mRNA expressions, only the @entity17981 protein showed significant reduction. CONCLUSION: All three NOS isoforms were expressed in @entity1573 retina-RPE-choroid. Predominant expression of @entity17981 , instead of bNOS and eNOS, suggested the existence of ocular tissue-specific regulation of the @entity17981 gene. In addition to differences in expression level, bNOS displayed regional differential expression. Moreover, only @entity17981 was reduced in response to form deprivation. It is suggested that NOS isoforms may be differentially involved in the mechanisms regulating the posterior eye tissues, including myopic eye growth.

title: Differential expression of @entity842 synthase isoforms in form-deprived XXXX eyes.

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

answer: @entity1573 :: (9031,Species) :: ['chick']


abstract: We describe an efficient inducible gene expression system in HEK.EBNA cells, a well-established cell system for the rapid transient expression of research-tool proteins. The transgene control system of choice is the novel @entity3094 -inducible regulation (AIR) technology, which has been shown to modulate transgene levels following exposure of cells to @entity3094 . For application in HEK.EBNA cells, AlcR transactivator plasmids were constructed and co-expressed with the secreted alkaline phosphatase (SEAP) gene under the control of a chimeric @entity1 promoter (P(AIR)) for @entity3094 -regulated expression. Several highly inducible transactivator cell lines were established. Adjustable transgene induction by gaseous @entity3094 led to high induction levels and tight repression in transient expression trials and in stably transfected HEK.EBNA cell lines. Thus, the AIR technology can be used for inducible expression of any desired recombinant protein in HEK.EBNA cells. A possible application for inducible gene expression is a controlled proliferation strategy. Clonal HEK.EBNA cell lines, expressing the fungal transactivator protein AlcR, were engineered for gas-adjustable expression of the cell-cycle regulator @entity5438 ( @entity13525 ). We show that expression of @entity5438 ( @entity13525 ) via transient or stable transfection led to a G1-phase specific growth arrest of HEK.EBNA cells. Furthermore, production pools engineered for gas-adjustable expression of @entity5438 ( @entity13525 ) and constitutive expression of SEAP showed enhanced productive capacity.

title: A gas-inducible expression system in HEK.EBNA cells applied to controlled proliferation studies by expression of XXXX ( @entity13525 ).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian']

entities_list: @entity3094 :: ('MESH:D000079', 'Chemical') :: ['acetaldehyde']

answer: @entity5438 :: (3429,Gene) :: ['p27']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity150 are the second most common @entity5 of the genitourinary system. Approximately 80% of @entity1 initially present with a superficial lesion, which is treated with transurethral resection. Although transurethral resection is a standard procedure, it is not morbidity-free. We assessed the early complications of transurethral resection for superficial @entity150 and analyzed various factors that may contribute to its occurrence. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between January 1979 and December 1996, 2,821 @entity1 with superficial @entity150 underwent transurethral resection at our center. We assessed intraoperative and immediate postoperative complications of the initial transurethral resection procedure, and correlated them with @entity5 characteristics. RESULTS: Of the 2,821 @entity1 in our study 2,461 (87%) were male and 360 (13%) were female. Average age was 65 years (range 16 to 94). Of the 145 complications (5.1%) the most common were @entity548 in 78 @entity1 (2.8%) and @entity1494 in 36 (1. 3%). Perforation was extraperitoneal in 30 cases (83%) and intraperitoneal in 6 (17%). Conservative treatment and open surgery were done in 32 (89%) and 4 (11%) @entity1 , respectively. We noted no case of @entity5 seeding. A repeat procedure was done in 77 @entity1 (2.7%) with @entity548 as the leading cause of repeat intervention in 65 (84%). Blood transfusion was required in 96 cases (3.4%). The incidence of complications significantly correlated with the size and number of @entity5 but there was no association with @entity5 stage, grade or location. CONCLUSIONS: The most common complication of transurethral resection for superficial @entity150 is @entity548 . Currently @entity1494 should be managed conservatively with a minimum risk of extravesical @entity5 seeding. Our results imply that @entity5 size and multiple @entity5 resection are associated with a higher complication rate.

title: Early complications of endoscopic treatment for superficial XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bladder perforation']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder cancer', 'Bladder tumors']

answer: @entity150 :: (MESH:D001749,Disease) :: ['bladder tumors']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Addicted @entity1 have innate tolerance to local anesthetics in both @entity1897 . @entity6948 ( @entity9170 ) is a highly selective a2 adrenergic receptor agonist used as additive to increase quality and duration of peripheral nerve blocks. OBJECTIVES: The current study aimed to compare the effect of @entity6948 and @entity3575 additives on @entity1341 to prolong the duration of block and minimizing side effects. @entity1 AND METHODS: @entity1 were candidates for elective surgery less than three hours of lower abdomen or lower extremities surgeries. @entity1 were randomly allocated to receive @entity6948 5   g added to 12.5 mg (2.5 mL) of 0.5% hyperbaric @entity1341 ( @entity9170 group), or 25   g (0.5 mL) @entity3575 added to 12.5 mg (2.5 mL) of 0.5% hyperbaric @entity1341 (F group) or only 12.5 mg of 0.5% hyperbaric @entity1341 . Data were recorded based on sensory block. Motor block was tested using modified Bromage scale every 30 minutes until the end of block. Time to return of sensory block to 4 dermatomes below and time to return of Bromage scale to 0 were recorded. All vital measurements ( @entity26 saturation, heart rate, electrocardiogram, and @entity551 ) were performed at 0, 30, 60, 90, 120 and 180 minutes in all three groups of the study. Group @entity9170 received @entity6948 additive and group F received @entity3575 additive and group C (control) received normal saline. RESULTS: Totally, 84 @entity1 were randomly divided into three groups of 28 @entity1 . Onset of sensory block in @entity9170 group was significantly lower than those of @entity3575 (P = 0.012) and control groups (P = 0.001). @entity616 was significantly longer in @entity9170 group compared to @entity3575 (P = 0.043) and control (P = 0.016) groups. @entity616 in the @entity9170 group was significantly longer than those of the @entity3575 (P = 0.014) and control groups. Heart rate and mean arterial pressure were significantly higher in the @entity9170 group at 30, 60, 90,120, and 180 minutes compared to those of the other two groups (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: @entity6948 added to @entity1341 in spinal anesthesia is more effective to increase duration of block, providing more appropriate sedation and less postoperative @entity158 scale and post-operative @entity1209 (PONV) compared to @entity3575 additive.

title: Intrathecal @entity6948 and @entity3575 as Adjuvant to @entity1341 on Duration of Spinal Block in Addicted XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['neuraxial and peripheral blocks']

entities_list: @entity1341 :: ('MESH:D002045', 'Chemical') :: ['bupivacaine']

entities_list: @entity6948 :: ('MESH:D020927', 'Chemical') :: ['dexmedetomidine', 'Dexmedetomidine']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['non-invasive blood pressure']

entities_list: @entity3575 :: ('MESH:D005283', 'Chemical') :: ['fentanyl', 'Fentanyl']

entities_list: @entity616 :: ('MESH:D006327', 'Disease') :: ['Duration of motor block', 'Duration of sensory block']

entities_list: @entity1209 :: ('MESH:D020250', 'Disease') :: ['nausea and vomiting']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: From January 1974 to December 1988, 80 @entity1 with @entity1152 ( @entity1152 ) and @entity4501 ( @entity4501 ) were treated at the C.S. Mott @entity1 's Hospital with division of their @entity4501 and esophagoesophagostomy. Thirty-four in this group developed @entity354 ( @entity354 ). After an unsuccessful trial of medical management, 21 underwent Nissen fundoplication, and an additional @entity1 with refractory @entity354 died intraoperatively before completion of her fundoplication. Following fundoplication, only eight @entity1 had an uncomplicated course with elimination of reflux and no @entity86 . @entity952 and recurrent reflux occurred in 7 of the 21 (33%), a markedly higher incidence than the 10% figure seen in 220 @entity1 without @entity1152 who have undergone fundoplication at this institution. Upward tension on the wrap due to the presence of a shortened esophagus probably predisposes to an increased frequency of fundoplication failure in the @entity1152 @entity1 . In addition, @entity86 requiring @entity1162 complicated eight otherwise successful initial or redo-fundoplications. Prolonged @entity1282 in this group is likely related to the inability of the @entity910 esophagus, common in @entity1152 , to overcome the increased resistance caused by the Nissen fundoplication. Three @entity204 (14%) from complications related to antireflux surgery occurred in the series. Although 15 of the 21 @entity1 (71%) eventually had excellent long-term results following initial or redo-fundoplication with elimination of reflux and normalization of oral intake, morbidity and mortality were clearly significant. Due to the high incidence of @entity86 and recurrent reflux, the transabdominal Nissen fundoplication may not be appropriate in @entity1152 @entity1 .

title: Efficacy of the Nissen fundoplication in the management of XXXX following @entity1152 repair.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'Children', 'child']

entities_list: @entity4501 :: ('MESH:D014138', 'Disease') :: ['TEF', 'tracheoesophageal fistula']

entities_list: @entity1152 :: ('MESH:D004933', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal atresia', 'EA']

entities_list: @entity910 :: ('MESH:D004409', 'Disease') :: ['dyskinetic']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative dysphagia']

entities_list: @entity354 :: ('MESH:D005764', 'Disease') :: ['gastroesophageal reflux', 'GER']

entities_list: @entity952 :: ('MESH:D019958', 'Disease') :: ['Wrap disruption']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['dysphagia']

entities_list: @entity1162 :: ('MESH:D008133', 'Disease') :: ['prolonged gastrostomy feedings']

answer: @entity354 :: (MESH:D005764,Disease) :: ['gastroesophageal reflux']