abstract: BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Severe @entity14244 ( @entity14244 ) leads to 80% to 100% dual mortality. Endoscopic laser coagulation of connecting vessels improves outcome to 80% survival of at least 1 twin. There is limited long-term follow-up of surviving @entity14244 @entity1 . The aim of this study was to analyze gestational age-stratified, long-term morbidity in these @entity1 . METHODS: A retrospective case-control study of @entity14244 surviving @entity1 (38 @entity1 , 72% follow-up rate) from one center. Perinatal and pediatric records were reviewed, and outcomes were compared with published reports and gestational age-matched controls. RESULTS: Forty percent (15/38) had at least 1 major sequela, all but 6 of which were fully resolved at a median follow-up of 4.4 years. There were no permanent @entity712 . All major complications were in @entity1 born <29 weeks. There were no significant differences in complications between this cohort of @entity1 and gestational age (GA)-matched control @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: The long-term morbidity of monochorionic twins after fetal laser surgery for severe @entity14244 is 13%. At a median follow-up of more than 4 years, these @entity1 fare no worse than gestational age-matched, non-operated twins and singletons. The degree of @entity3465 at birth is the best predictor of temporary or permanent sequela in this group of @entity1 .

title: Long-term morbidity after fetal endoscopic surgery for severe XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac, genitourinary, renal, or respiratory sequelae']

entities_list: @entity14244 :: ('MESH:D005330', 'Disease') :: ['twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome', 'TTTS']

entities_list: @entity3465 :: ('MESH:C536271', 'Disease') :: ['prematurity']

answer: @entity14244 :: (MESH:D005330,Disease) :: ['twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome']


abstract: STUDY AIMS: Autonomic changes, especially those of sympathetic skin responses (SSR), during @entity1282 ( @entity1282 ) have not been systematically investigated. This study aims to electrophysiologically examine these autonomic changes (SSR and heart rate) that occur during 50 ml @entity1282 from a cup. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-eight normal healthy adults were included in the study. Their submental muscle activity, respiratory activity, heart rate changes, and sympathetic skin responses were recorded during 50 ml water swallowing. In addition, we requested subjects to imagine drinking water as they did just before. The same recordings were performed during this imagination period. RESULTS: SSR appeared at the beginning and at the end of @entity1282 in 52% of subjects. A first sympathetic skin response was evoked at the onset of @entity1282 , and a second one appeared 8.6  1.7 seconds after the first one and at the end of swallowing. Similar double SSRs were also obtained during imagination in most investigated subjects (33 out of 35 of selected subjects in a total group of 58 subjects). Swallowing @entity591 was observed during the @entity1282 -associated @entity386 period, but not during the imagination period. Heart rate significantly increased during the @entity1282 -associated @entity386 period. CONCLUSION: The first SSR that appeared at the onset of swallowing is likely related to arousal. The appearance of a second response is a novel finding, which is probably related to the activity of subtil corticosubcortical networks. While discrete/single swallows can be used to evoke SSRs, @entity1282 is unlikely to be clinically useful in its current form. In contrast, swallowing @entity591 could be a useful tool to examine dysphagic @entity1 .

title: Sympathetic skin responses in adult XXXX during sequential swallowing.

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['sequential water swallowing', 'SWS']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['humans']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the long-term results of mastoscopic axillary lymph node dissection (MALND) and conventional axillary lymph node dissection (CALND). @entity1 AND METHODS: From January 1, 2003, through December 31, 2005, a group of 1027 consecutive @entity1 with operable @entity0 were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 study groups: MALND and CALND. The median follow-up was 63 months. The primary end points of the study were operative outcomes, complication reduction, function conservation, and cosmetics. The secondary end points were disease-free and overall survival. RESULTS: The mean operative @entity190 in the MALND group was less than in the CALND group (P<.001). The @entity1 who underwent MALND had less @entity158 , @entity1183 or @entity809 , and arm swelling (P<.001). The aesthetic appearance of the axilla in the MALND group was much better than that in the CALND group (P=.001 at 6 months and P=.002 at 24 months). A significant difference was found between the 2 groups in distant @entity3 (P=.04). The disease-free survival rate was 64.5% in the MALND group and 60.8% in the CALND group (P=.88). The overall survival rate was 81.7% in the MALND group and 78.6% in the CALND group (P=.95). CONCLUSION: Compared with CALND, MALND has advantages in operative outcomes, complication reduction, function conservation, and cosmetics.

title: Comparison of mastoscopic and conventional axillary lymph node dissection in XXXX : long-term results from a randomized, multicenter trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity809 :: ('MESH:D010292', 'Disease') :: ['paresthesias']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['axillary pain']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The usefulness of angioplasty in the first hours of an @entity583 is widely demonstrated. However, its long term effects are less well known. AIM: To report the effects of coronary angioplasty on early and late outcome of @entity1 with @entity583 . @entity1 AND METHODS: A non-randomized, consecutive and retrospective analysis of the hospital and late outcome of 70 @entity1 , aged 35 to 85 years, subjected to coronary angioplasty during an @entity583 . @entity1 were followed during 12 to 60 months. RESULTS: Angioplasty was performed 5.3 +/- 5 hours after the initial symptoms. Anterior descendent artery was occluded in 63% of @entity1 with a 99.5% luminal occlusion and TIMI 0-1 anterograde flow. An angiographic success was achieved in 83% of procedures with a residual stenosis of 32.3%. Recurrent @entity63 was observed in 6% of @entity1 , that were treated with a new revascularization procedure. Thirteen percent of @entity1 died, all due to @entity1455 . @entity67 and failure of revascularization influenced mortality. During the first year of follow up there was a 3.3% mortality and 3.3% of @entity1 required a new revascularization procedure. Eighty percent of @entity1 were asymptomatic and event-free. CONCLUSION: Angioplasty was a useful therapeutic procedure in this group of @entity1 .

title: [Angioplasty in XXXX . Early and late results].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['acute myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['Severe ventricular failure']

entities_list: @entity1455 :: ('MESH:D012770', 'Disease') :: ['cardiogenic shock']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['acute myocardial infarction']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: In Belgium, combination chemotherapy of @entity900 and @entity1487 + @entity4181 (CFL) according to the modified de Gramont schedule is the treatment of choice in second line for metastatic @entity788 . We retrospectively analyzed survival data in 2 Belgian centers in a nonselected population. METHODS: Between January 2004 and October 2011, 48 @entity1 with histologically proven recurrent or unresectable @entity788 who had received CFL as second-line treatment were identified. We retrospectively analyzed the following parameters: progression-free survival (PFS1 and @entity16450 ) for each line (after the start of first and second line), @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ), and growth modulation index. RESULTS: The median PFS1 was 5.4 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 4.1-6.6). The median @entity16450 was 3.6 months (95% CI, 2-5.2). The median @entity1349 was 12 months (95% CI, 9.3-14.7). Twenty-three percent of @entity1 had a growth modulation index >1.33. CONCLUSION: We show an @entity1349 of 12 months with @entity136 in first-line and CFL in second-line therapy for @entity788 . Sequential therapy with good @entity1349 and good quality of life may be preferred to strong upfront therapy in an incurable disease such as @entity788 .

title: XXXX -modified de Gramont in second-line therapy for @entity788 .

entities_list: @entity4181 :: ('MESH:D002955', 'Chemical') :: ['leucovorin']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer', 'pancreatic adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['gemcitabine']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['5-fluorouracil']

answer: @entity900 :: (MESH:D002945,Chemical) :: ['Cisplatin']


abstract: Administration of @entity6354 ( @entity6354 ) to neonatal @entity19 resulted in rapid @entity669 phosphorylation of a number of specific substrates in liver, kidney, lung, bladder, skin, and brain as detected by Western blot analysis of tissue homogenates with anti- @entity10393 antibodies. In the liver, three prominent @entity6354 -dependent substrates of M(r) approximately 170,000, 120,000, and 55,000 were detected. A number of less prominent @entity6354 -dependent substrates also were noted. Maximal @entity669 phosphorylation of pp170, pp120, and @entity18482 occurred within 5 min of subcutaneous injection and the levels of these phosphoproteins remained elevated for at least 45 min. Direct hepatic injection of @entity6354 resulted in the @entity669 phosphorylation of these substrates within 60 sec of treatment. @entity669 -phosphorylated pp170 was identified as the @entity12841 ( @entity12841 ). The @entity669 -phosphorylated @entity18482 substrate appeared to be associated with @entity12841 ; both @entity18482 and @entity12841 were adsorbed to @entity6354 -Affi-Gel, @entity3505 germ lectin-Sepharose, and anti- @entity12841 antibodies bound to protein A-Sepharose. @entity18482 was not immunoreactive with anti- @entity12841 antiserum by Western blot analysis, indicating that it was not a fragment of the receptor. These results were confirmed by repeating the liver experiments using 32P-labeled neonatal @entity19 . Increased amounts of 32P-labeled pp170 and @entity18482 were detected in anti- @entity12841 immunoprecipitates from liver extracts of @entity6354 -treated animals as compared with controls. Phospho @entity535 analysis of the 32P-labeled phosphoproteins revealed that @entity6354 stimulated both @entity563 and @entity669 phosphorylation in @entity18482 as well as in @entity12841 . The neonatal @entity19 may be a useful model for the study of signal transduction mediated by a variety of growth factors.

title: @entity6354 stimulates XXXX phosphorylation in the neonatal @entity19 : association of a M(r) 55,000 substrate with the receptor.

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity10393 :: ('CHEBI:74956', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphotyrosine']

entities_list: @entity6354 :: ('13645(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['EGF', 'epidermal growth factor']

entities_list: @entity563 :: ('CHEBI:17822', 'Chemical') :: ['serine']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['Tyrosine', 'tyrosine']

answer: @entity669 :: (CHEBI:18186,Chemical) :: ['tyrosine']


abstract: Advanced @entity5 in 34 @entity1 were treated by combination chemotherapy with @entity1732 , @entity5713 , @entity1891 , cis @entity902 and @entity4316 . The therapy was divided into 3 phases: 1) induction, 2) consolidation and 3) maintenance. Induction lasted 4 weeks and consisted of 420 mg. @entity1732 , 0.2 mg./kg. @entity5713 , 4 mg./kg. cis @entity902 , and 20 mg. @entity229 daily. Consolidation lasted 6 weeks and consisted of 5 mg. @entity4316 , 6 mg. @entity1891 and 6 mg./kg. cis @entity902 . Maintenance therapy was achieved with 2.5 mg. @entity4316 every 6 weeks and 1 mg./kg. cis @entity902 every 3 weeks. A @entity5 reductive operation was done before induction of chemotherapy in 13 @entity1 and after induction of chemotherapy in 12 @entity1 . Nine @entity1 were treated with chemotherapy alone. Three @entity1 with brain @entity3 received concomitant radiotherapy to the brain (3,000 rads). A previous operation and chemotherapy had failed in 11 @entity1 and previous radiotherapy had failed in 1 @entity1 . All @entity1 treated had at least 1 objective response (34 of 34 or 100 per cent). Partial clinical remission was achieved in 7 of 34 @entity1 (21 per cent). A complete clinical remission was observed in 27 of 34 @entity1 (79 per cent) and of this group 6 had a relapse. At present, 22 of 34 @entity1 are free of disease from 4 to 24 months, with an average of 13 months (65 per cent). The @entity137 consisted of @entity390 , @entity391 , @entity33 , @entity1665 , mild @entity1431 and @entity392 . This approach seems to be effective in producing long clinical remissions in the majority of @entity1 with @entity1442 .

title: Multimodal treatment of advanced @entity5 with radical reductive surgery and multisequential chemotherapy with cis @entity902 , @entity1732 , XXXX , @entity1891 and @entity4316 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'testicular tumors']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['mucositis']

entities_list: @entity4316 :: ('MESH:D003609', 'Chemical') :: ['actinomycin D']

entities_list: @entity1442 :: ('MESH:D020178', 'Disease') :: ['advanced disease']

entities_list: @entity392 :: ('MESH:D014012', 'Disease') :: ['tinnitus']

entities_list: @entity1891 :: ('MESH:D014750', 'Chemical') :: ['vincristine']

entities_list: @entity1732 :: ('MESH:D001761', 'Chemical') :: ['bleomycin']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity1431 :: ('MESH:D007970', 'Disease') :: ['leukopenia']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['platinum']

entities_list: @entity5713 :: ('MESH:D014747', 'Chemical') :: ['vinblastine']

answer: @entity5713 :: (MESH:D014747,Chemical) :: ['vinblastine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Molecular profiling of @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) samples has a profound impact on choice of therapy. However, it is less clear whether @entity470 and @entity984 mutations are prognostic outside of a trial-based treatment paradigm. METHODS: We performed a retrospective chart review of 513 @entity1 with @entity1149 undergoing @entity470 and @entity984 mutational analysis at the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania between May 2008 and November 2011. Survival analysis was based on the 376 @entity1 who received systemic treatment, and their survival was determined from the date of initiation of systemic therapy. RESULTS: The median @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) was 30.8 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 24.7-36.9). Neither @entity470 mutational status (P = .09) nor @entity984 mutational status (0.69) was associated with @entity1349 . Female sex (P < .001), never smoker status (P = .01), better performance status (PS) (P < .001), lower Charlson Comorbidity Index (P < .001), and lower age-weighted index (P < .001) were associated with prolonged survival. The presence of bone @entity3 (P = .001) and liver @entity3 (P = .004) was also associated with a shortened survival. In a multivariable regression that adjusted for stage, we demonstrated that male gender (P = .002), worse Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group PS (P = .01), @entity3 to bone (P = .03), and higher age-weighted comorbidity index (P = .001) were independent prognostic factors for shorter survival. @entity470 mutation status was not prognostic (P = .85). CONCLUSION: In our series, @entity470 and @entity984 do not function as prognostic determinants for @entity1149 .

title: Determinants of survival in advanced XXXX in the era of targeted therapies.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small-cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non--small-cell lung cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity284 maintenance treatment ( @entity569 ) in China was established in 2004. The purpose of the present study was to estimate client retention and identify client factors associated with longer times in treatment. METHODS: Data were abstracted from the @entity569 Data System from April 2008 to March 2010. Clients were considered to have interrupted treatment when they missed 30+ days of treatment. The median time in treatment was estimated using Kaplan-Meier methods and factors associated with the duration of treatment were evaluated using accelerated failure time models. RESULTS: Among 107,740 clients enrolled in @entity569 between 2008 and 2010, the median time spent in @entity569 among clients was 155 days but the majority (69%) did not attend every day. Estimated probabilities for treatment interruption were 53% at 6 months, 66% at 12 months and 77% at 24 months. Longer time in treatment was associated with doses >=  60 mg (Time ratio (TR)=2.12, 95%CI=1.96-2.30) and having tested negative on their last urine opiate test (TR=2.15, 95%CI=2.03-2.27). The effect of continued drug use was significantly modified by attendance. Sensitivity analyses indicated a dose-response relationship. CONCLUSION: Irregular attendance suggests there are barriers to accessing services that need further attention. The Chinese @entity569 programme needs effective strategies to improve its treatment durations.

title: Time to first treatment interruption in the Chinese XXXX maintenance treatment programme.

entities_list: @entity284 :: ('MESH:D008691', 'Chemical') :: ['Methadone']

answer: @entity284 :: (MESH:D008691,Chemical) :: ['methadone']


abstract: HISTORY AND ADMISSION FINDINGS: A 35-year-old @entity1 was admitted to our hospital with chills, @entity10 , @entity158 in the @entity291 for five days and a bloody sputum. The day before he had returned from a 4-week trip to the north of Thailand. There he had participated in hiking trips and walked sometimes over wet fields with small skin injuries on his feet. The admission examination was uneventful except @entity221 as high as 39 Celsius, particularly no @entity1910 , no @entity2024 , no spleno- or @entity382 and no palpable lymph nodes could be noted. DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES: An x-ray of the chest showed confluent opacities, a bronchoscopy revealed @entity133 . Blood chemistry showed elevated liver enzymes, elevated kidney retention parameters and an increased @entity1851 . An extended microbiological diagnostic procedure showed elevated antibody titers for leptospira and a PCR detected leptospira-DNA, representing acute @entity2926 . TREATMENT AND OUTCOME: After initiation of an antibiotic regimen including @entity2756 and erythromycine the @entity221 resolved immediately and the general condition improved. The @entity1 could be discharged after two weeks in a good physical condition. CONCLUSION: The constellation of flu-like symptoms, @entity99 and @entity1310 , eventually escorted by bloody sputum, may suggest @entity2926 .

title: [ XXXX after a stay in Thailand].

entities_list: @entity382 :: ('MESH:D006529', 'Disease') :: ['hepatomegaly']

entities_list: @entity2756 :: ('MESH:D002443', 'Chemical') :: ['ceftriaxone']

entities_list: @entity1310 :: ('MESH:D009393', 'Disease') :: ['nephritis']

entities_list: @entity2926 :: ('MESH:D007922', 'Disease') :: ['leptospirosis']

entities_list: @entity133 :: ('MESH:D002282', 'Disease') :: ['diffuse alveolar hemorrhagy']

entities_list: @entity2024 :: ('MESH:D003231', 'Disease') :: ['conjunctivitis']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatitis']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

answer: @entity2926 :: (MESH:D007922,Disease) :: ['Leptospirosis']


abstract: AIMS: Current fluoroscopic and 3D image-guided treatment of @entity955 ( @entity955 ) by radiofrequency ablation is characterized by a substantial amount of X-ray radiation. We investigated the potential of an asymmetric collimation technique to reduce dose. METHODS AND RESULTS: For 30 @entity1 , referred for @entity955 ablation, we determined the received fluoroscopy dose for various collimation scenarios: a single collimation window encompassing all veins as used in most labs ( @entity28372 ), an optimal adjusted symmetric collimation window encompassing each two ipsilateral veins ( @entity28373 ) or each individual vein (Sc 3) and an optimal asymmetric collimation window encompassing each two ipsilateral veins (Sc 4) or each individual vein (Sc 5). Twenty @entity1 were studied retrospectively and 10 were studied prospectively. Total fluoroscopy effective dose for all collimation strategies amounted to 45    31 @entity2073 for a single collimation field ( @entity28372 ), 36    25 @entity2073 ( @entity28373 ), and 24    14 @entity2073 (Sc 3) for a symmetrically adjusted collimation window and 15    10 (Sc 4) and 5    3 @entity2073 (Sc 5) for an asymmetrically adjusted collimation approach. Validation of symmetric ( @entity28373 ) and asymmetric (Sc 4) collimation in 10 @entity1 confirmed the retrospective analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Implementation and effective application of an optimal asymmetric collimation approach would yield an average three- to nine-fold reduction of fluoroscopy dose during @entity955 ablation procedures. This reduction exceeds what has been previously reported by implementing an electromagnetic catheter tracking approach. Furthermore, it can be easily integrated in the clinical workflow with limited additional one-time cost. Manufacturers of imaging systems should consider its implementation a priority, and physicians should adopt it in their workflow.

title: Asymmetric collimation can significantly reduce XXXX radiation dose during pulmonary vein isolation.

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation', 'AF']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: The aim of the study was to examine regional changes in sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) and baroreceptor function and arterial plasma @entity2661 , @entity5463 ( @entity1831 ) and plasma @entity3449 activity during @entity1286 withdrawal in @entity4486 -anesthetized @entity35 . @entity734 was induced by s.c. @entity1286 base pellets. @entity8 and SNA from the lumbar sympathetic chain were recorded before and after i.v. injections of @entity1510 . Baroreceptor function was examined with @entity2647 -induced increases in mean arterial pressure. In separate experiments, arterial plasma @entity1063 , @entity1425 , @entity935 , plasma @entity3449 activity and @entity1831 were measured before and after @entity1510 -precipitated withdrawal. @entity1510 administration elicited an increase in mean arterial pressure and heart rate. Although renal SNA was inhibited by approximately 50%, adrenal SNA and lumbar SNA increased by approximately 400 and 80%, respectively. Splanchnic SNA did not change significantly. The baroreceptor-mediated inhibition of adrenal SNA was facilitated while that for renal SNA was attenuated. The arterial plasma level of @entity1063 was doubled and @entity1425 increased almost 20-fold. @entity1831 increased about 15-fold, whereas plasma @entity3449 activity showed only a minor increase after @entity1510 . This study shows that a marked differentiation of the SNA response occurs during @entity1286 withdrawal in @entity35 , which suggests an interaction between opioid receptors and the control of regional sympathetic output. Furthermore, large amounts of @entity1831 and @entity1425 are released, which probably contribute to the cardiovascular changes seen in the withdrawal phase.

title: Regional changes in sympathetic nerve activity and baroreceptor reflex function and arterial plasma levels of @entity2661 , @entity3449 and vasopressin during @entity1510 -precipitated @entity1286 withdrawal in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['Adrenal, renal and splanchnic SNA']

entities_list: @entity4486 :: ('MESH:D002698', 'Chemical') :: ['chloralose']

entities_list: @entity5463 :: ('MESH:D001127', 'Chemical') :: ['arginine vasopressin']

entities_list: @entity1425 :: ('MESH:D004837', 'Chemical') :: ['epinephrine']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity1510 :: ('MESH:D009270', 'Chemical') :: ['Naloxone', 'naloxone']

entities_list: @entity2647 :: ('MESH:D010656', 'Chemical') :: ['phenylephrine']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine']

entities_list: @entity2661 :: ('MESH:D002395', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamines']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['norepinephrine']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['Dependence']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: BACKGROUND:: The promising results of the Solitaire Flow Restoration (FR) With the Intention for Thrombectomy ( @entity514 ) trial recently led toFood and Drug Administration (FDA) approval of theSolitaire FR stent retriever device for recanalization of cerebral vessels in @entity1 with acute @entity385 . OBJECTIVE:: To report the early postmarket experience with this device since its FDA approval in the United States, which has not been previously described. METHODS:: We conducted aretrospective analysis of consecutive acute @entity385 cases treated between March 2012 and July 2012 at 10 United States centers where the Solitaire FR was used as a single device or in conjunction with other intraarterial endovascular approaches. RESULTS:: A total of 101 @entity1 were identified (mean age, 64.7 years; mean admission National Institutes of Health @entity64 Scale [NIHSS] score, 17.6). Intravenous thrombolysis was administered in 39% of cases; other endovascular techniques were utilized in conjunction with the Solitaire FR in 52%. Successful recanalization (Thrombolysis in @entity583 2/3) was achieved in 88%. The rate of symptomatic @entity932 within the first 24 hours was 15%. In-hospital mortality was 26%. At 30 days, 38% of @entity1 had favorable functional outcome (modified Rankin scale score  <=2).Severity of NIHSS score on admission was a strong predictor of poor outcome. CONCLUSION:: Our study shows that a variety of other endovascular approaches are used in conjunction with Solitaire FR in actual practice in the United States.Early postmarket results suggest that Solitaire FR is an effective tool for endovascular treatment of acute @entity385 .

title: Solitaire FR Thrombectomy for Acute XXXX : Retrospective Multicenter Analysis of Early Postmarket Experience after FDA Approval.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity932 :: ('MESH:D020300', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['Myocardial Infarction']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke', 'ischemic strokes']

answer: @entity385 :: (MESH:D002544,Disease) :: ['Ischemic Stroke']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity674 ( @entity674 ) are uncommon @entity356 , which are typically treated by surgical excision. During the past 10 years, our institution has gained experience in resecting these @entity5 by minimally invasive methods. The purpose of this study is to review our experience with laparoscopic resection, report our short-term outcomes, and offer our perspective on the technical nuances involved in handling these @entity5 . METHODS: We retrospectively queried our prospectively maintained, institutional review board-approved database for all @entity356 resected from 2002 to 2012. We analyzed all cases that were resected via laparoscopy. Operative notes were reviewed for the technique employed. Data on @entity5 location, size, margin status, operative time, and @entity190 were collected and analyzed. RESULTS: During the 10-year study period, 104 @entity356 were resected. Laparoscopy was attempted in 58 cases with only one conversion to an open procedure. @entity5 were separated based on anatomic zones. Forty-seven @entity5 (82%) were located on the body or fundus of the stomach (18 on the posterior wall and 29 on the anterior wall). Five GISTs (9%) were located at the gastroesophageal junction (GEJ). @entity5 (9%) were located at the antrum. The mean @entity5 size was 3.8 cm with a mean estimated @entity190 of 40 ml. We achieved R0 resection in 100% of the cases. Most @entity5 (96%) were amenable to wedge resection. @entity5 at the extremes of the stomach required variations of technique to achieve resection. Intraoperative endoscopy was selectively utilized. CONCLUSIONS: As our experience with @entity356 has increased, laparoscopic resection has become our first-line treatment for most small- and moderate-sized @entity5 . By employing a structured approach to @entity5 along the entire stomach, laparoscopic resection of these @entity5 can be performed safely with adequate short-term results.

title: Laparoscopic approaches to gastric XXXX : an institutional review of 57 cases.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumors', 'Five tumors', 'neoplasms', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric GISTs', 'gastric neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity674 :: ('MESH:D046152', 'Disease') :: ['GIST', 'Gastrointestinal stromal tumors']

answer: @entity674 :: (MESH:D046152,Disease) :: ['gastrointestinal stromal tumors']


abstract: The prevalence of gastroesophageal (GE) mucosal prolapse in @entity1 with @entity354 ( @entity354 ) was investigated as well as the clinical profile and treatment outcome of these @entity1 . Of the @entity1 who were referred to our service between 1980 and 2008, those @entity1 who received a complete diagnostic work-up, and were successively treated and followed up at our center with interviews, radiology studies, endoscopy, and, when indicated, esophageal manometry and pH recording were selected. The prevalence of GE prolapse in @entity354 @entity1 was 13.5% (70/516) (40 males and 30 females with a median age of 48, interquartile range 38-57). All @entity1 had @entity1282 and @entity304 , and 98% (69/70) had epigastric or @entity158 . Belching decreased the intensity or resolved the @entity158 in 70% (49/70) of the cases, gross @entity2910 was documented in 90% (63/70) of the cases, and @entity357 were observed in 62% (43/70) of the cases. GE prolapse in @entity354 @entity1 was accompanied by more severe @entity158 (P < 0.05) usually associated with belching, more severe @entity2910 , and @entity1282 (P < 0.05). A fundoplication was offered to 100% of the @entity1 and was accepted by 56% (39/70) (median follow up 60 months, interquartile range 54-72), which included two Collis-Nissen techniques for true @entity851 . @entity1 who did not accept surgery were medically treated (median follow up 60 months, interquartile range 21-72). Persistent @entity158 was reported in 98% (30/31) of medical cases, belching was reported in 45% (14/31), and @entity354 symptoms and @entity2910 were reported in 81% (25/31). After surgery, @entity158 was resolved in 98% (38/39) of the operative cases, and 79% (31/39) of them were free of @entity354 symptoms and @entity2910 . GE prolapse has a relatively low prevalence in @entity354 @entity1 . It is characterized by epigastric or @entity158 , and the need to belch to attenuate or resolve the @entity158 . The @entity158 is allegedly a result of the mechanical consequences of prolapse of the gastric mucosa into the esophagus.

title: Prevalence and clinical picture of gastroesophageal prolapse in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['short esophagus']

entities_list: @entity304 :: ('MESH:D010302', 'Disease') :: ['reflux symptoms']

entities_list: @entity2910 :: ('MESH:D004941', 'Disease') :: ['esophagitis']

entities_list: @entity357 :: ('MESH:D006551', 'Disease') :: ['hiatus hernias']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'retrosternal pain']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['dysphagia']

entities_list: @entity354 :: ('MESH:D005764', 'Disease') :: ['gastroesophageal reflux disease', 'GERD']

answer: @entity354 :: (MESH:D005764,Disease) :: ['gastroesophageal reflux disease']


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine the outcome of part-time occlusion therapy in @entity1 with @entity4457 detected after they were 8 years of age. METHODS: We analyzed 29 eyes with @entity4457 in @entity1 8 years of age and older. The mean age was 8.79 +/- 0.98 (range 8-12) years old. The subjects whose best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) did not improve by two lines or better within 2 weeks of wearing glasses full-time were prescribed occlusion therapy for 6 hours a day outside of school hours, along with the instruction to wear glasses full-time. Subjects who complied with occlusion for more than 3 hours a day were considered to comply well. RESULTS: The major component of the @entity9340 was @entity3467 in 51.7% of the subjects, and @entity3467 plus @entity940 was found in 24.1%. The mean pretreatment BCVA score was 0.51 0.23 (LogMAR). Compliance was 89.66%. The mean posttreatment BCVA was 0.03 +/- 0.01 (LogMAR), and the success rate, based on a posttreatment BCVA of 0.1 (LogMAR) and better, was 96.43%. It took an average of 4.79 +/- 3.35 months to reach the desired posttreatment BCVA. The mean posttreatment stereopsis was 79.78 +/- 37.61 seconds of arc. The recurrence rate was 8%. The visual improvement was related to the degree of compliance (p = 0.000). The time taken to reach the posttreatment BCVA was shorter in subjects with a better pretreatment BCVA (p = 0.019), but it did not relate to the compliance (p = 0.366). CONCLUSIONS: The most common component of @entity9340 detected after 8 years of age was @entity3467 . The part-time occlusion therapy, which had been carried out after school hours, was successful in most cases.

title: Part-time occlusion therapy for XXXX detected in @entity1 eight years of age and older.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity940 :: ('MESH:D001251', 'Disease') :: ['astigmatism']

entities_list: @entity3467 :: ('MESH:D006956', 'Disease') :: ['hyperopia']

entities_list: @entity9340 :: ('MESH:D015858', 'Disease') :: ['anisometropia']

entities_list: @entity4457 :: ('MESH:D000550', 'Disease') :: ['anisometropic amblyopia']

answer: @entity4457 :: (MESH:D000550,Disease) :: ['anisometropic amblyopia']


abstract: Synthetic glucocorticoids (sGCs) are routinely used to treat @entity1 at risk of @entity3152 to promote fetal lung maturation. There is now strong evidence that exposure to excess glucocorticoid during periods of rapid brain development has permanent consequences for endocrine function and behaviour in the offspring. Prenatal exposure to sGC alters the expression of @entity1024 receptor (NMDA-R) subunits in the fetal and neonatal hippocampus. Given the integral role of the @entity143 -R in synaptic plasticity, we hypothesized that prenatal sGC exposure will have effects on hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP) after birth. Further, this may occur in either the presence or absence of elevated @entity701 concentrations, in vitro. Pregnant @entity840 were injected with @entity5935 (Beta, 1 mg kg(-1)) or vehicle on gestational days (gd) 40, 41, 50, 51, 60 and 61 (term approximately 70 days), a regimen comparable to that given to pregnant @entity1 . On postnatal day 21, LTP was examined at Schaffer collateral synapses in the CA1 region of hippocampal slices prepared from juvenile animals exposed to @entity5935 or vehicle, in utero. Subsequently, the acute glucocorticoid receptor (GR)- and mineralocorticoid receptor (MR)-dependent effects of @entity701 (0.1-10 microM; bath applied 30 min before LTP induction) were examined. There was no effect of prenatal sGC treatment on LTP under basal conditions. The application of 10 microM @entity701 @entity308 excitatory synaptic transmission in all treatment groups regardless of sex. Similarly, LTP was @entity308 by 10 microM @entity701 in all groups, with the exception of Beta-exposed females, in which LTP was unaltered. Hippocampal MR and GR protein levels were increased in Beta-exposed females, but not in any other prenatal treatment group. This study reveals sex-specific effects of prenatal exposure to sGC on LTP in the presence of elevated @entity701 , a situation that would occur in vivo during stress.

title: Effects of repeated prenatal glucocorticoid exposure on long-term potentiation in the juvenile XXXX hippocampus.

entities_list: @entity1024 :: ('CHEBI:31882', 'Chemical') :: ['N-methyl-D-aspartate']

entities_list: @entity3152 :: ('MESH:D007752', 'Disease') :: ['preterm labour']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressed']

entities_list: @entity5935 :: ('MESH:D001623', 'Chemical') :: ['betamethasone']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

answer: @entity840 :: (10141,Species) :: ['guinea-pig']


abstract: 263 @entity1 with @entity764 were treated over a period of 16 years. 47 had performating @entity764 , in the remaining cases it was a blunt @entity130 . Prompt recognition of a life-endangering situation ( @entity2293 , @entity14303 , massive haemothorax) is essential; radiological and laboratory diagnostic methods play a secondary role. The most effective emergency treatment is intercostal continuous suction; in many cases it is the only one needed. A haemothorax must be evacuated completely because of the risk of complications and fibrin formation. Thoracotomy is rarely, and surgical removal of lung tissue hardly ever, indicated. 30 @entity1 needed emergency thoracotomy. Accompanying @entity130 , mostly @entity397 and spleen, were observed in 45 @entity1 . Late sequels were lung abscesses, posttraumatic cysts, @entity4327 and adhesions, @entity891 . Decortication, if indicated, should be performed at an early stage.

title: [Surgical aspects of open and closed XXXX (author's transl)].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity2293 :: ('MESH:D002305', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac tamponade, tension pneumothorax']

entities_list: @entity14303 :: ('MESH:D008478', 'Disease') :: ['mediastinal emphysema']

entities_list: @entity891 :: ('MESH:D001261', 'Disease') :: ['atelectases']

entities_list: @entity764 :: ('MESH:D013898', 'Disease') :: ['chest injuries']

entities_list: @entity397 :: ('MESH:D012421', 'Disease') :: ['rupture of the diaphragm']

entities_list: @entity4327 :: ('MESH:D016724', 'Disease') :: ['pleural empyema']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['intraabdominal injuries', 'trauma']

answer: @entity764 :: (MESH:D013898,Disease) :: ['chest injuries']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the technical and clinical viability of using computer-facilitated mental practice in the rehabilitation of upper-limb @entity1269 following @entity64 . DESIGN: A single-case study. SETTING: Academic-affiliated rehabilitation center. @entity1 : A 46-year-old @entity1 with stable motor deficit of the upper right limb following subcortical @entity385 . INTERVENTION: Three computer-enhanced mental practice sessions per week at the rehabilitation center, in addition to usual physical therapy. A custom-made virtual reality system equipped with arm-tracking sensors was used to guide mental practice. The system was designed to superimpose over the (unseen) paretic arm a virtual reconstruction of the movement registered from the nonparetic arm. The laboratory intervention was followed by a 1-month home-rehabilitation program, making use of a portable display device. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Pretreatment and posttreatment clinical assessment measures were the upper-extremity scale of the Fugl-Meyer Assessment of Sensorimotor Impairment and the Action Research Arm Test. Performance of the affected arm was evaluated using the healthy arm as the control condition. RESULTS: The @entity1 's paretic limb improved after the first phase of intervention, with modest increases after home rehabilitation, as indicated by functional assessment scores and sensors data. CONCLUSION: Results suggest that technology-supported mental training is a feasible and potentially effective approach for improving motor skills after @entity64 .

title: A strategy for computer-assisted mental practice in XXXX rehabilitation.

entities_list: @entity1269 :: ('MESH:D010291', 'Disease') :: ['hemiparesis']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PARTICIPANT', 'patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['stroke']


abstract: Cetuximab is a @entity1 /mouse chimeric monoclonal antibody that binds to the EGF receptor, competitively inhibiting ligand binding, and inducing receptor dimerization and downregulation. Cetuximab has been active in @entity5 , including @entity14 ( @entity14 ), head and neck, @entity788 . Cetuximab has been approved by the FDA, in combination with @entity2600 , for the treatment of metastatic @entity14 in @entity1 refractory to @entity2600 , and for use as a single agent in the treatment of recurrent metastatic @entity14 in @entity1 intolerant of @entity2600 -based chemotherapy. Most common @entity137 are @entity1910 , @entity294 , @entity221 , @entity10 , @entity390 , @entity1272 and @entity56 reactions. Data from several clinical trials with cetuximab show a positive correlation between @entity1910 and response and/or survival. @entity1910 occurred on 90% of @entity1 treated with cetuximab monotherapy and grade 3 or 4 skin reactions occurred on as many as 16% of @entity1 in the trials using cetuximab. A @entity1910 usually presents as pustular or maculopapular follicular eruption, often referred to as acneiform. Cetuximab will engage in productive dimerization complexes in @entity1 skin causing significant disruption of the normal development and maintenance of the hair follicle, which leads to follicular response and inflammatory response. At this time there are no standard or evidence-based treatment plans for the @entity1910 . Most of the evidence is based on institutional or personal experiences. The most commonly used agents are topical antibiotics, oral antibiotics, topical @entity230 , systemic immunomodulatory agents, topical immunomodulatory agents and anti-inflammatory preparations. As cetuximab is becoming widely used in general oncology practice, it is important to understand the @entity137 of @entity1910 to develop practice guidelines for their management. This review addresses recommendations for @entity137 management of @entity1910 caused by cetuximab in treatment of metatstatic @entity14 .

title: Incidence and management of cutaneous XXXX associated with cetuximab.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic and lung cancers']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity2600 :: ('MESH:C051890', 'Chemical') :: ['irinotecan']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['multiple tumors']

entities_list: @entity1272 :: ('MESH:C537153', 'Disease') :: ['hypomagnesemia']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['hypersensitivity']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['CRC', 'colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

answer: @entity137 :: (MESH:D064420,Disease) :: ['toxicities']


abstract: PURPOSE: This paper describes our preliminary experience with percutaneous bone biopsy under XperGuide conebeam computed tomography (CBCT) guidance. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventeen @entity1 (11 @entity1 and 6 @entity1 ; mean age 57.8; range 17-81) with 17 @entity79 underwent biopsy with XperGuide CBCT (Philips Medical System, Best, The Netherlands). The mean diameter of the lesions was 2.32 cm (range 1-8 cm). Technical success (defined as the correct positioning of the needle within the lesion), diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity and specificity were evaluated. Complication rate was also recorded. RESULTS: The technical success rate was 100%. In 15 @entity1 , a sample of adequate material for histopathological analysis to yield a definitive diagnosis was obtained; in two @entity1 , the sample was inadequate for a definitive diagnosis. In one of these two cases, the lesion was closely followed up for 1 year, during which it remained stable in size, and as a result, it was considered a false positive; the other was considered a false negative. Diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity and specificity were 94.12%, 90.91% and 100%, respectively. No major complications were recorded; only one @entity1 had slight @entity548 , with a consequent small haematoma, which reabsorbed in about 15 days. CONCLUSIONS: Bone biopsy under XperGuide CBCT guidance can be considered accurate as a result of the combination of real-time needle orientation and spatial resolution of CT fluoroscopy. Moreover, our results are encouraging in terms of complication rate, diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, specificity and reduction of CT workload.

title: Initial experience with percutaneous biopsies of XXXX using XperGuide cone-beam CT (CBCT): technical note.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone lesions']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

answer: @entity79 :: (MESH:D001847,Disease) :: ['bone lesions']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Individuals with @entity173 are at substantially increased risk of mortality. The aim of this study was to estimate the excess mortality attributable to @entity173 in elderly @entity1 and @entity1 . METHODS: The Dubbo @entity170 Epidemiology Study was designed as a prospective epidemiologic investigation, in which more than 2000 @entity1 and @entity1 aged 60+ as of 1989 had been followed for 21 years. During the follow-up period, the incidence of @entity173 was ascertained by X-ray reports, and mortality was ascertained by the New South Wales Birth, @entity204 and Marriage Registry. Relative survival ratios were estimated by taking into account the age-and-sex specific expected survival in the general Australian population from 1989 to 2010. RESULTS: During the follow-up period 151 @entity1 and 55 @entity1 sustained a @entity173 . @entity204 occurred in 86 (57%) @entity1 and 36 (66%) @entity1 . In @entity1 , the cumulative relative survival post @entity173 at 1, 5 and 10 years was 0.83 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.76-0.89), 0.59 (95% CI 0.48-0.68), and 0.31 (95% CI 0.20-0.43), respectively; in @entity1 , the corresponding estimates of relative survival were: 0.63 (95% CI 0.48-0.75), 0.48 (95% CI 0.32-0.63), and 0.36 (95% CI 0.18-0.56). On average post @entity173 @entity1 died 4 years earlier (median: 4.1, inter-quartile range (IQR) 1.7-7.8) and @entity1 died 5 years earlier (median = 4.8, IQR 2.4-7.0) than expected. For every six @entity1 and for every three @entity1 with @entity173 one extra @entity204 occurred above that expected in the background population. CONCLUSION: @entity173 is associated with reduced life expectancy, with @entity1 having a greater reduction than @entity1 , even after accounting for time-related changes in background mortality in the population. These data underscore that @entity173 is an independent clinical risk factor for mortality.

title: Excess mortality attributable to XXXX : a relative survival analysis.

entities_list: @entity173 :: ('MESH:D006620', 'Disease') :: ['hip-fracture', 'Hip fracture', 'hip fracture', 'atraumatic hip fractures']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['Osteoporosis']

answer: @entity173 :: (MESH:D006620,Disease) :: ['hip-fracture']


abstract: The liver is the most frequent site of metastases from @entity694 . To improve our knowledge of liver metastases and to develop new adjuvant therapies, a good animal model is necessary. The aims of this study were to obtain a model of liver metastases with intraportal injection of colon adrenocarcinoma cell aggregates (DHDK12 cell line) and to study the effect of various factors, i.e., sex, @entity409 and immunosuppression, on the development of liver @entity3 . Cell aggregates were injected into the portal vein of 59 syngenic male and female BD IX @entity35 following randomization into three groups. Group 1, (control 12 males and 10 females) received only cell aggregates; group 2 (12 males and 10 females) underwent a 70% hepatectomy before cell injection; group 3 (15 males and 10 females) received @entity205 injections at a dose of 10 mg/kg per day for 28 days following cell injection. Autopsy was performed at 10 weeks. Liver metastases were more frequent in the male @entity35 in group 3 than in those in group 1 (80% vs. 30%, p less than 0.04). The rate of liver metastases in females was not increased by immunosuppression (22.2% vs. 12.5%, N.S.). Liver resection (group 2) did not significantly modify the incidence of liver @entity3 . No female had liver metastases in this group. This relatively simple model rapidly produces liver @entity3 with a high yield, but only in male @entity35 . Besides sexual factors, immunosuppression also increased the rate of experimental liver @entity3 , while @entity409 failed to do so.

title: Experimental colorectal liver metastases. Influence of sex, immunological status and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver regeneration']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporin A']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon cancer']

answer: @entity409 :: (MESH:D008107,Disease) :: ['liver regeneration']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Mechanical thrombectomy is a promising new modality of interventional @entity64 treatment. The various devices differ with regard to where they apply force on the @entity715 , taking a proximal approach such as aspiration devices or a distal approach such as basket-like devices. The study compares the in vivo effectiveness and @entity715 -device interaction of these 2 approaches. METHODS: Angiography and embolization with a radioopaque whole blood @entity715 was performed in 10 @entity1707 . Mechanical thrombectomy was performed in 20 cranial vessels using a proximal aspiration device (Vasco35) and a distal basket-like device (Catch) with and without proximal @entity432 . Fifty-six retrieval attempts were made. RESULTS: The proximal device allowed fast repeated application with a low risk of @entity1031 (3%) and @entity2553 , but it had a significantly lower success rate (39.4%) in retrieving thrombotic material than the @entity1652 ( @entity1652 ) (82.6%; odds ratio, 7.3; 95% CI, 2.0 to 26.4). The compaction of the @entity715 during retrieval with @entity1652 increased the risk of vessel wall irritation significantly (P<0.01) and complicated retrieval into the guiding catheter. The number of embolic events was significantly higher with @entity1652 (26%; odds ratio, 11.3; 95% CI, 1.35 to 101.6) unless proximal @entity432 was used. CONCLUSIONS: The proximal and the distal approaches to mechanical thrombectomy proved to be effective at achieving recanalization of cranial vessels. The proximal device is faster in application and allowed repeated attempts with a low complication rate. The @entity1652 is more successful at removing thrombotic material, but its method of application and attendant @entity715 compaction increase the risk of @entity1031 and @entity2553 .

title: Mechanical thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke: XXXX -device interaction, efficiency, and complications in vivo.

entities_list: @entity1652 :: ('MESH:D009471', 'Disease') :: ['DD', 'distal device']

entities_list: @entity2553 :: ('MESH:D020301', 'Disease') :: ['vasospasms', 'vasospasm']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['thromboembolic events']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['balloon occlusion']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombus']

answer: @entity715 :: (MESH:D013927,Disease) :: ['thrombus']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: A large proportion of critically ill @entity1 have alterations in the @entity2742 , collectively known as the @entity3214 ( @entity3214 ). @entity3214 is characterized by low serum @entity6145 (TH) concentrations accompanied by a suppressed centralcomponentof the HPT-axisandpersistent low serum TSH. In hypothalamic tanycytes, the expression of type 2 deiodinase (D2) is increased in several animal models of @entity32 . Since D2 is a major source of T3 in the brain, this response is thought to suppress TRH expression in the PVN via increased local bioavailability of T3. The inflammatory pathway component @entity1992 (the p65 subunit of NF-kB) can bind the @entity41129 promoter and increases D2 expression after @entity558 stimulation in vitro. We aimed to determine whether @entity1992 signalling in tanycytes is essential for the @entity558 -induced D2 increase in vivo by conditional elimination of @entity1992 in tanycytes of @entity19 ( @entity1992 (ASTKO)). @entity41129 and Trh mRNA expression were assessed by quantitative in situ hybridization 8 or 24 hours following saline or @entity558 injection. At the same timepoints we measured pituitary @entity28009 mRNA expression and serum T3 and T4 concentrations. In @entity1992 (ASTKO) @entity19 the @entity558 -induced increase in @entity41129 and Trh mRNA levels in the hypothalamus was reduced compared to wildtype littermates, whereas the drop in pituitary @entity28009 expression and in serum TH concentrations persisted. In conclusion, @entity1992 is essential for the @entity558 -induced hypothalamic D2 increase and @entity1218 decrease. The central changes in the @entity2742 are, however, not required for the downregulation of @entity28009 expression and serum TH concentrations.

title: The role of hypothalamic NF-kB signaling in the response of the @entity2742 to acute @entity32 in female XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity3214 :: ('MESH:D005067', 'Disease') :: ['non-thyroidal illness syndrome', 'NTIS']

entities_list: @entity6145 :: ('CHEBI:60311', 'Chemical') :: ['thyroid hormone']

entities_list: @entity2742 :: ('MESH:D006961', 'Disease') :: ['HPT-axis', 'HPT axis']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) increases cell migration and invasion, and facilitates @entity3 in multiple @entity189 types, but belies epithelial similarities between primary and secondary @entity5 . This study addresses the importance of mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET) in the formation of clinically significant @entity3 . The previously described @entity150 TSU- @entity35 ( @entity1 ) progression series of cell lines selected in vivo for increasing metastatic ability following systemic seeding was used in this study. It was found that the more metastatic sublines had acquired epithelial characteristics. Epithelial and mesenchymal phenotypes were confirmed in the TSU-Pr1 series by cytoskeletal and morphologic analysis, and by performance in a panel of in vitro assays. Metastatic ability was examined following inoculation at various sites. Epithelial characteristics associated with dramatically increased bone and soft tissue colonization after intracardiac or intratibial injection. In contrast, the more epithelial sublines showed @entity358 following orthotopic inoculation, supporting the concept that EMT is important for the escape of @entity5 cells from the @entity5 . We confirmed the overexpression of the IIIc subtype of multiple fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFR) through the TSU-Pr1 series, and targeted abrogation of FGFR2IIIc reversed the MET and associated functionality in this system and increased survival following in vivo inoculation in severe combined immunodeficient @entity19 . This model is the first to specifically model steps of the latter part of the metastatic cascade in isogenic cell lines, and confirms the suspected role of MET in secondary @entity5 growth.

title: Mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition facilitates XXXX @entity3 : role of fibroblast growth factor receptor-2.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'primary tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['decreased lung metastases']

answer: @entity150 :: (MESH:D001749,Disease) :: ['bladder cancer']


abstract: A 79-year-old female @entity1 presented with a slowly developing crusting, @entity75 of the forehead of 3 months' duration. She had no personal or family history of @entity272 . On examination she presented with a hyperpigmented @entity527 that resembled @entity7063 Darier. A detailed medical history was taken and a skin biopsy was performed. @entity4890 and enlargement of follicle ostia with foreign material were found. The @entity1 reported use of an ointment twice daily. She had a single cosmetic treatment where powder of unspecified composition had been used. The diagnosis of pomade crust was confirmed. Follicular material was enucleated mechanically and the area was treated with a metronidazole cream. The lesions completely disappeared.

title: Glabellar pomade crust mimicking XXXX .

entities_list: @entity4890 :: ('MESH:D004814', 'Disease') :: ['Epidermal acanthosis']

entities_list: @entity527 :: ('MESH:D058225', 'Disease') :: ['plaque of the glabellar region']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['itching verrucous lesion']

entities_list: @entity7063 :: ('MESH:D019871', 'Disease') :: ['dyskeratosis follicularis']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin disease']

answer: @entity7063 :: (MESH:D019871,Disease) :: ['dyskeratosis follicularis']


abstract: Most @entity1 @entity5 over-express receptors for growth factors and peptide hormones, which are being increasingly studied as a means to selectively deliver cytotoxic agents. An example being the @entity8282 ( @entity8282 , @entity8282 ). Here, we studied expression levels and location of @entity8282 in different lung epithelial cell types (i.e., bronchial and alveolar epithelial cells) by flow-cytometry and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Furthermore, we assessed uptake levels and @entity137 of @entity69 (Tf)-conjugated liposomes in vitro. @entity8282 was found to be expressed at a significantly higher level in bronchial epithelial cells compared with their alveolar counterparts. Cells of cancerous origin (i.e., A549 cell line) showed a higher @entity8282 expression level than healthy alveolar epithelial type II cells in primary culture. CLSM revealed @entity8282 to be located primarily at the basolateral aspect of cells, with the exception of cells undergoing mitotic proliferation, which also showed @entity8282 at their apical membranes, due to their loss of cell polarity. Higher expression levels of @entity8282 correlated well with enhanced uptake of Tf-liposomes and increased levels of @entity137 . Liposome uptake was temperature-dependent and inhibitable by excess free Tf. Tf-conjugated liposomes appear as good candidates for an approach to deliver cytostatic drugs to sites of @entity2 by inhalation.

title: In vitro assessment of @entity69 -conjugated liposomes as drug delivery systems for inhalation therapy of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity8282 :: ('7037', 'Gene') :: ['TfR', 'CD71', 'transferrin receptor']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['lung cancer']


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: Prospective study. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether magnetic resonance imaging and clinical and demographic findings in @entity1 with @entity3799 ( @entity3799 ) were independently associated with baseline functional scores and whether these were also predictive of postoperative functional outcomes. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: There are considerable limitations in current literature that prevent making formal recommendations regarding the use of clinical and radiological prognostic factors in @entity1 with @entity3799 . METHODS: This prospective study included 65 consecutive @entity1 with @entity3799 treated in a tertiary referral center. The modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association (mJOA) scale was used to quantify disability at admission and at 12-month follow-up. Age, sex, duration of symptoms, severity of @entity602 , spinal column alignment, surgical technique, levels of compression, anteroposterior diameter and transverse area at the site of maximal @entity1745 , and magnetic resonance imaging signal intensity changes were assessed. Data were analyzed using Spearman rank correlation test, analysis of variance, Mann-Whitney U test, and stepwise multivariate regression. RESULTS: Higher baseline mJOA scores were associated with younger age (P = 0.0002), shorter duration of symptoms (P = 0.03), and greater transverse area (P = 0.02). Better recovery ratio was associated with younger age (P = 0.005) and higher baseline mJOA score (P = 0.003). Greater changes in mJOA score were associated with higher baseline mJOA score (P < 0.0001). Using multivariate analysis, the functional outcomes after surgery were best predicted by baseline mJOA score and age of @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Age and baseline mJOA scores were highly predictive of outcome for @entity1 undergoing surgical treatment of @entity3799 . The degree of @entity1745 and patterns of signal intensity changes on @entity6493 weighted images were not independently predictive of outcome, but it was found to correlate with the functional status at the time of presentation and age of the @entity1 . The duration of symptoms correlated well with preoperative functional status but did not seem to affect the postoperative outcome.

title: Predictors of surgical outcome in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity602 :: ('MESH:D013118', 'Disease') :: ['myelopathy']

entities_list: @entity3799 :: ('MESH:D002575', 'Disease') :: ['CSM', 'cervical spondylotic myelopathy']

entities_list: @entity1745 :: ('MESH:D013117', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord compression', 'cord compression']

answer: @entity3799 :: (MESH:D002575,Disease) :: ['cervical spondylotic myelopathy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Meta-analyses were conducted to characterize patterns of mutation incidence in @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ). DESIGN: Nine genes with the most complete published mutation coincidence data were evaluated. One meta-analysis generated a 'mutMap' to visually represent mutation coincidence by ethnicity (Western/Asian) and histology ( @entity420 [ @entity420 ] or @entity957 ). Another meta-analysis evaluated incidence of individual mutations. Extended analyses explored incidence of @entity470 and @entity984 mutations by ethnicity, histology, and smoking status. RESULTS: Genes evaluated were @entity876 , @entity470 , @entity984 , @entity2839 , @entity16242 - @entity7041 , @entity983 , @entity817 , @entity10160 , and @entity1722 . The mutMap highlighted mutation coincidences occurring in >= 5% of @entity1 , including @entity876 with @entity984 or @entity470 mutations in @entity1 with @entity420 , and @entity876 with @entity2839 mutation in Western @entity1 . @entity876 was the most frequently mutated gene overall. Frequencies of @entity876 , @entity470 , @entity984 , @entity2839 , @entity983 , and @entity817 mutations were influenced by histology and/or ethnicity. Although @entity470 mutations were most frequent in @entity1 with @entity420 and never/light smokers from Asia, and @entity984 mutations were most frequent in @entity1 with @entity420 and ever/heavy smokers from Western countries, both were detected outside these subgroups. CONCLUSIONS: Potential molecular pathology segments of @entity1149 were identified. Further studies of mutations in @entity1149 are warranted to facilitate more specific diagnoses and guide treatment.

title: Mutation incidence and coincidence in XXXX : meta-analyses by ethnicity and histology (mutMap).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non small-cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['ADC', 'adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non small-cell lung cancer']


abstract: In a period of two years, 202 kidneys were transplanted in 162 @entity1 at the Downstate Medical Center. On hundred twenty-nine @entity1 had primary transplantations, twenty-nine second transplantations, and five third transplantations. @entity5450 occurred in twenty-four of the @entity1 (12%). There were eight complications involving the urinary bladder and fifteen ureteric complications. In twenty-one @entity1 the complications appeared within six weeks after surgery. Surgical correction immediately upon diagnosis of the urinary complications resulted in a high degree of early restoration of the urinary tract continuity and preservation of renal function. Leakage from the bladder was frequently associated with previous surgery. In five of eight @entity1 , @entity1494 occurred after the second or third transplantations. Complications of the urinary bladder in general had a significantly favorable prognosis as compared with ureteric complications. Although all the @entity1 with @entity1494 fully recovered and maintained good renal function, four @entity1 with ureteric complications either died or lost the graft.

title: XXXX in renal primary and retransplantation. Experience with 202 consecutive transplants.

entities_list: @entity5450 :: ('MESH:D014570', 'Disease') :: ['Urologic complications']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bladder complications', 'bladder leakage']

answer: @entity5450 :: (MESH:D014570,Disease) :: ['Urologic complications']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Vaginal administration of @entity3009 analogues as well as @entity842 donors before first-trimester surgical abortion has been shown to induce effective cervical ripening. In addition, @entity842 donors, such as @entity15230 and @entity1242 , have been associated with a @entity1 -friendly side-effect profile when administered 3 h before the surgical procedure. We wanted to compare the cervical ripening effect and possible side effects of @entity15230 and the @entity3009 analogue @entity396 when self-administered at bedtime the evening before surgical abortion. METHODS: One hundred and twenty nulliparous @entity1 scheduled for suction termination of pregnancy in the first trimester were randomly assigned to receive per vaginam either 40 mg of @entity15230 or 200 microg of @entity396 . Sixty of the @entity1 were included for assessment of cervical ripening as well as evaluation of side effects. The other 60 @entity1 were recruited for assessment of side effects only. Cervical ripening was evaluated by measuring baseline cervical dilation and the cumulative force to dilate the cervix to 9 mm by means of a cervical tonometer. For assessment of side effects, the @entity1 were asked to complete a symptom questionnaire. RESULTS: Cervical resistance was significantly higher in @entity1 treated with @entity15230 compared to @entity396 (median cumulative force 73 versus 15 N). Common side effects of @entity396 were @entity490 (69%), @entity390 (44%), and @entity3556 (66%), while in the @entity15230 group headache was frequently experienced (79%). In both treatment groups, the frequency and intensity of side effects gradually increased during the treatment interval. CONCLUSIONS: @entity396 induced a more pronounced cervical ripening than @entity15230 , but both regimens were associated with a high frequency of side effects.

title: Outpatient cervical ripening before first-trimester surgical abortion: a comparison between @entity396 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3556 :: ('MESH:D014592', 'Disease') :: ['vaginal bleeding']

entities_list: @entity1242 :: ('MESH:D005996', 'Chemical') :: ['nitroglycerin']

entities_list: @entity396 :: ('MESH:D016595', 'Chemical') :: ['Misoprostol', 'misoprostol']

entities_list: @entity3009 :: ('CHEBI:26333', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandin']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity15230 :: ('MESH:C030397', 'Chemical') :: ['isosorbide mononitrate']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

answer: @entity15230 :: (MESH:C030397,Chemical) :: ['isosorbide mononitrate']


abstract: OBJECT: Low-grade @entity11 (LGGs) are indolent @entity5 that have the potential to dedifferentiate into malignant high-grade @entity5 . Recent studies have demonstrated that cerebellar low-grade @entity5 have a better prognosis than @entity5 , although no study has focused on the risk factors for poor prognosis in cerebellar LGGs in adults. The authors of the current study aimed to address both of these concerns by using a large cohort derived from a national @entity5 registry and a smaller cohort derived from their institution's experience. METHODS: Adults with diagnosed Grade I and @entity11 of the cerebellum were identified in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard models were used to predict rates of survival, and the log-rank test was applied to evaluate differences in Kaplan-Meier survival curves. An institutional cohort was created by isolating all @entity1 whose surgical pathology revealed an LGG of the cerebellum. Excluded from analysis were @entity1 in whom a @entity11 was first diagnosed under the age of 18 years and those whose @entity5 could not be definitively determined to arise from the cerebellum. Results Data from the local cohort (11 @entity1 ) demonstrated that the most common presenting symptom was @entity10 , which occurred in more than 70% of the cohort. Approximately half of the @entity1 in this cohort had symptomatic improvement after treatment. RESULTS: from the SEER cohort (166 @entity1 ) revealed that adults with @entity11 were slightly younger than those with @entity5 (p < 0.01), but no other demographic differences were observed. @entity1 with @entity5 were twice as likely to undergo gross-total resection (54% vs 21%), and those with @entity11 were much more likely to receive postoperative radiation (3% vs 48%). Five-year survival was greater in the @entity1 with @entity11 than in those with @entity75 (91% vs 70%). Multivariate analysis revealed that an age >=  40 years (HR 7.30, 95% CI 3.55-15.0, p < 0.0001) and @entity5 (HR 2.76, 95% CI 1.12-6.84, p = 0.028) were risk factors for @entity204 , whereas female sex was protective (HR 0.28, 95% CI 0.14-0.59, p < 0.001). Log-rank tests revealed that a cerebellar location was protective (p < 0.0001), but this relationship was only true for @entity5 (p < 0.0001). Survival in @entity1 with @entity11 was not different based on the various lesion locations (p = 0.21). CONCLUSIONS: Taken together, adults with cerebellar WHO Grade I and II @entity816 have a much more favorable survival curve than those with similar @entity5 . Research demonstrates that the primary driver of this phenomenon is the improved survival in @entity1 with cerebellar @entity11 .

title: Improved survival in the largest national cohort of adults with cerebellar versus supratentorial low-grade XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['Grade II lesions']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['supratentorial tumors', 'cancer', 'Grade I tumors', 'Grade II tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['Grade II gliomas', 'Grade I gliomas', 'glioma', 'gliomas']

entities_list: @entity816 :: ('MESH:D001254', 'Disease') :: ['astrocytomas']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

answer: @entity816 :: (MESH:D001254,Disease) :: ['astrocytomas']


abstract: Restoration of peripheral tolerance to target autoantigens during @entity792 has met with several limitations because of the limited efficacy of this approach in an already immune host. To optimize the induction of tolerance, we have shown that feeding insulin conjugated to @entity12338 ( @entity12338 ), a potent mucosal adjuvant, reduced by 5,000 the amounts of antigen necessary for delaying @entity6 onset in NOD @entity19 . To analyze these protective mechanisms, we have performed cotransfer experiments using splenocytes from young females fed once with 10 microg of @entity12338 -insulin, mixed with @entity784 , and intravenously injected into irradiated syngeneic male recipients. We demonstrated that the delayed onset of @entity6 relied on @entity1961 + T-cells. We studied the cytokine production from plate-bound anti- @entity5168 -stimulated cells. Higher @entity58 amounts were observed in both splenocytes and pancreatic lymph node (PLN) cell cultures from @entity12338 -insulin-fed @entity19 as soon as 4 h after the feeding. An increase in the levels of transforming growth factor-beta was seen after 24 h only in the mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN). In both of these organs, a reduction of @entity60 ( @entity60 ) production occurred after @entity12338 -insulin treatment, at 24 h in the PLN and at 7 days in the MLN. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis indicated an increase in the level of @entity58 and a reduction in @entity60 transcripts in the PLN of @entity19 treated orally with @entity12338 -insulin and of the recipients of regulatory T-cells. Using different strains of congenic NOD @entity19 at the @entity3512 locus, we showed that protection was associated with the accumulation of T-cells from @entity12338 -insulin-fed @entity19 in the lymph nodes from draining sites containing functional islets, i.e., the PLN in normal @entity19 and the renal lymph nodes after a syngeneic islet graft under the kidney capsule of @entity3839 -treated @entity19 . Taken together, our results clearly indicate that oral administration of @entity12338 -insulin conjugates in NOD @entity19 produced a shift from a T-helper type 1 to a type 2 profile with the induction of antigen-specific regulatory @entity1961 + T-cells in the vicinity of the mucosal barrier and close to the inflamed islets.

title: Oral administration of cholera toxin B-insulin conjugates protects NOD XXXX from autoimmune @entity6 by inducing @entity1961 + regulatory T-cells.

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity784 :: ('MESH:D016399', 'Disease') :: ['diabetogenic T-cells']

entities_list: @entity60 :: ('15978(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['gamma-interferon', 'IFN-gamma']

entities_list: @entity3839 :: ('MESH:D013311', 'Chemical') :: ['streptozotocin']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune diseases']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the result of the care provided by an interdisciplinary team on the control of @entity101 . METHODS: In a Health Unit, 88 @entity1 were treated by an interdisciplinary team for 12 months. Visits to the physician or nurse occurred every one to three months, and to the nutritionist whenever necessary. Educational lectures were delivered regularly. Total @entity165 and fasting plasma @entity413 levels were determined at baseline and at 12 months. Clinical and laboratory data were analyzed and blood pressure was compared at baseline and at six and 12 months, and total @entity165 and plasma @entity413 were compared at baseline and at 12 months. RESULTS: Females accounted for 79.41% of the sample and the mean age was 58+/-9.90 years. Median blood pressure (BP) was 166.00/96.5 mmHg at baseline, 146.75/85.25 mmHg at 6 months (p<0,000) and 134.00/80.00 mmHg at 12 months (p<0.000). The rate of BP< or =140/90 mmHg increased from 10.23% to 48.81% (p<0.000). Median total @entity165 decreased from 217 mg/dl to 194.00 mg/dl (p<0.004) and median blood @entity413 from 101 mg/dl to 95 mg/dl (NS). At baseline, 50% of the @entity1 received two antihypertensive drugs, 25% received three, and 5.68% received four, whereas at 12 months these percentages were 21.18%, 29.41% and 32.94%, respectively. CONCLUSION: The care provided by an interdisciplinary team may significantly improve the control of @entity101 and of associated cardiovascular risk factors.

title: Optimizing the treatment of XXXX in the primary care setting.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertension']


abstract: Regional endocardial resection is the accepted surgical treatment for sustained monomorphic @entity1165 . In @entity1 requiring extensive endocardial resection, or with large @entity439 involving the interventricular septum, the resulting defect may result in weakened myocardium and, ultimately, @entity1757 or @entity9009 . A new approach for repair of the resulting defect is proposed using an autogenous pericardial patch sutured to normal endocardium and included in the @entity439 repair. This technique was performed in six @entity1 undergoing surgery for drug refractory @entity1165 . All @entity1 had large anterior left @entity439 with @entity2318 extending onto the septum. The large @entity4007 left after endocardial resection and aneurysmectomy was repaired with a pericardial patch. No intraoperative complications (e.g., suture line bleeding) were observed as a result of this technique. All @entity1 are alive, and five of the six @entity1 no longer have inducible @entity1165 . An improvement in congestive @entity712 at 1-9 months of follow-up was noted following surgery. We conclude that the pericardium can be safely used to cover @entity4007 resulting from regional endocardial resection for sustained @entity1165 .

title: Pericardial repair of @entity4007 following regional endocardial resection for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity4007 :: ('MESH:D004694', 'Disease') :: ['endocardial defect', 'endocardial defects']

entities_list: @entity9009 :: ('MESH:D018658', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular rupture']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure symptoms']

entities_list: @entity2318 :: ('MESH:D002921', 'Disease') :: ['endocardial scar']

entities_list: @entity1757 :: ('MESH:D006345', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular septal defect']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms', 'ventricular aneurysms', 'aneurysm']

answer: @entity1165 :: (MESH:D017180,Disease) :: ['ventricular tachycardia']


abstract: @entity19 keratinocytes cultures readily develop into established cell lines without undergoing a "crisis" in a newly-developed serum-free medium, @entity3237 / @entity23308 . @entity3237 / @entity23308 consists of @entity460 -free MEM with non-essential @entity1522 supplemented with 8 factors. Two lines, @entity15530 and MKDC4, have been isolated and have now doubled more than 400 and 200 times respectively. In @entity15530 cells, Giemsa banding has revealed significant karyotypic changes as early as the 4th passage, leading to a near-tetraploid karyotype with random loss and gain of individual chromosomes. Minute chromosomes, but no stable markers have been observed. After these initial changes, examination of cultures at several passage levels has shown that the karyotype has remained essentially stable. The MKDC4 line, also sub-tetraploid at the 7th passage, had 4 marker chromosomes by the 47th passage. The rapid increase in chromosome number may have contributed to the "immortalization" of these lines. The response of these established keratinocyte lines to growth factors and serum-derived inhibitors changed with increasing passage level. Most notable of these changes were a reduction in the requirement for @entity291 pituitary extract (an absolute requirement for growth of secondary @entity15530 cells) and a decreased sensitivity to serum and serum-derived inhibitors, e.g., transforming growth factor-beta. The established lines, like primary and secondary keratinocytes, remain responsive to @entity460 -induced terminal differentiation and are non-tumorigenic in athymic, nude mice. This serum-free system is suitable for transformation studies with oncogenes and chemical carcinogens.

title: Spontaneous establishment and characterization of XXXX keratinocyte cell lines in serum-free medium.

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: To investigate the geometrical accuracy in @entity34 ( @entity34 ) to the lung by comparing the location of the @entity82 after @entity5 using less invasive method. @entity1 AND METHODS: We examined 50 @entity2 that had been treated by respiratory-gated @entity34 (33-74 Gray equivalents). Image registration and re-slicing of computed tomography (CT) before and after @entity34 were performed using an image analysis software system. We investigated whether the location of @entity82 was accurate with the @entity5 site and which factor among the respiratory rhythm, @entity5 volume, location, fixation, beam direction and clinical outcome was affected with accuracy. RESULTS: The area of @entity82 was accurate with the @entity5 in 45 @entity5 (Group A) and not accurate in 5 @entity5 (Group B). All lesions with a small irregularity of respiratory rhythm showed @entity82 in an area accurate with the @entity5 . This percentage (100%) was higher than that of the lesions with a large irregularity of respiratory rhythm (67%, p = 0.037). @entity1207 was found for 1 lesion in group A and 2 lesions in Group B (p = 0.0009). CONCLUSION: The geometrical accuracy of beam delivery to the lung was higher in the @entity1 with a regular respiratory rhythm in @entity34 . The @entity1 of Group B had greater risk of @entity55 .

title: Verification of beam delivery using XXXX after proton beam irradiation to the @entity2 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonitis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'PBT and the tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung tumors']

entities_list: @entity1207 :: ('MESH:D017564', 'Disease') :: ['Radiation pneumonitis']

entities_list: @entity34 :: ('MESH:D016609', 'Disease') :: ['proton beam therapy', 'PBT']

answer: @entity82 :: (MESH:D005355,Disease) :: ['fibrosis']


abstract: Changes in serum @entity535 levels and time course of hepatic function derangements were studied in mongrel @entity235 with choledochus ligature and subsequent biliarly reconstruction through cholecysto-duodenostomy. In the second week after choledochus ligature, serum @entity3104 level increased along with @entity1087 . After four weeks, @entity20590 activity was higher than GOT and plasma albumin level markedly decreased with similar reduction in serum @entity535 levels. Biliary reconstruction, when performed during three or four weeks after the ligature, restored the hepatic function as well as serum @entity535 levels toward normal. When it was performed in the fifth or sixth week after the ligation, the liver function did not restore and serum levels of total @entity1522 , essential and non-essential @entity1522 increased even 4 weeks lapse after reconstruction. Among the changes observed, His., Val., Ser., @entity534 ., Leu., Ileu, @entity815 , and Lys. were increased, whereas Pro. and @entity2569 . disappeared from the serum. These results suggest that recovery from metabolic changes of @entity1522 due to choledochus ligature depends upon the duration of @entity3883 , i.e., it appears necessary to perform the biliary reconstruction within four weeks after the initiation of obstruction.

title: [Experimental study on changes in serum XXXX levels following choledochus ligature and subsequent biliary reconstruction (author's transl)].

entities_list: @entity3883 :: ('MESH:D041781', 'Disease') :: ['obstructive jaundice']

entities_list: @entity1087 :: ('MESH:D007565', 'Disease') :: ['intensification of jaundice']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity3104 :: ('MESH:D000644', 'Chemical') :: ['ammonium']

answer: @entity535 :: (CHEBI:33704,Chemical) :: ['amino acid']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity34 ( @entity34 ) provides therapeutic advantages over conformal x-ray therapy in sparing organs at risk when treating @entity418 because of the fundamental physical dose distribution of the proton-beam. However, cases with extended esophageal lesions are difficult to treat with conventional @entity34 with a single isocentric field, as the length of the planning target volume ( @entity343 ) is longer than the available @entity34 field size in many facilities. In this study, the feasibility of a practical technique to effectively match @entity34 fields for @entity418 with a larger regional field beyond the available @entity34 field size was investigated. METHODS: Twenty @entity418 @entity1 with a larger regional field than the available @entity34 single-field size (15 cm in our facility) were analyzed. The @entity343 was divided into two sections to be covered by a single @entity34 field. Subsequently, each @entity343 isocenter was aligned in a cranial-caudal (CC) axis to rule out any influence by the movement of the treatment couch in anterior-posterior and left-right directions. To obtain the appropriate dose distributions, a designed-seamless irradiation technique (D-SLIT) was proposed. This technique requires the following two adjustments: (A) blocking a part of the @entity343 by multi-leaf collimator(s) (MLCs); and (B) fine-tuning the isocenter distance by the half-width of the MLC leaf (2.5 mm in our facility). After these steps, the inferior border of the cranial field was designed to match the superior border of the caudal field. Dose distributions along the @entity129 around the field junction were evaluated by the treatment-planning system. Dose profiles were validated with imaging plates in all cases. RESULTS: The average and standard deviation of minimum dose, maximum dose, and dose range between maximum and minimum doses around the field junction by the treatment-planning system were 95.9    3.2%, 105.3    4.1%, and 9.4    5.2%. The dose profile validated by the imaging plate correlated with the results of the treatment-planning system in each case, with an error range within 4.3%. CONCLUSIONS: Dose distributions around the field junction were applied using D-SLIT. D-SLIT can be a useful treatment strategy for @entity34 of extended @entity418 .

title: Designed-seamless irradiation technique for extended whole mediastinal proton-beam irradiation for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity418 :: ('MESH:D004938', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal cancer']

entities_list: @entity34 :: ('MESH:D016609', 'Disease') :: ['Proton-beam therapy', 'PBT']

answer: @entity418 :: (MESH:D004938,Disease) :: ['esophageal cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To review the experience with clinical and imaging characteristics of @entity2967 ( @entity2967 ) of the hand as well as the surgical outcomes. METHODS: Between 2000 and 2010,16 cases of @entity2967 of the hand were admitted to our department. There were 10 male and 6 female @entity1 with a mean age of 41.3 years (age range: 24 to 65 years) with Campanacci's grade I ( n = 0), Grade II (n=12), and Grade III (n=4). Eight cases occurred in metacarpal bone and 8 cases in phalanx. All @entity1 had the symptoms of @entity158 in the affected joint.The average time from the onset of the symptom to the first visit of the @entity1 was 12 months( range: 5 to 15 months).Radiographic changes showed @entity690 occupying at least half of the diaphyseal region in most of the cases. Four grade III @entity1 underwent @entity5 resection and bone graft or serial amputation, while 12 Grade II @entity1 extensive curettage and bone graft. RESULTS: Twelve @entity1 'clinical and radiographic diagnosis at admission was endochondroma, while postoperative histopathology reported all the lesions as @entity2967 . Twelve @entity1 were followed up for a mean of 58.8 months (range: 24 to 140 months). Immediate relief of @entity158 was observed postoperatively in all @entity1 . No complications, such as @entity281 , were observed in any @entity1 . The average healing time of bone graft was 3.3 months (range: 3 to 5 months).Ten gradeII @entity1 were followed up for at least 2 years and 3 of them had local recurrence 8 to 16 months after first resection. En bloc resection was then performed, and no second reccurence was reported. Two gradeII @entity1 were followed up for at least 2 years and none of them had local recurrence. No @entity5 , @entity75 or lung metastasis was reported. Active range of motion in the @entity1 without joint arthrodesis was maintained during the follow-up period. CONCLUSION: GCTs of the hand are relatively rare, and tend to be misdiagnosed as endochondroma. The results of the present study suggest that extensive curettage provides favorable local control and satisfactory functional outcomes.

title: [Diagnosis and surgical treatment of XXXX in hand bone].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'malignancy']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['multiple center lesion']

entities_list: @entity2967 :: ('MESH:D005870', 'Disease') :: ['GCT', 'giant cell tumor']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection or joint stiffness']

entities_list: @entity690 :: ('MESH:D030981', 'Disease') :: ['osteolytic lesions']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain,swelling and restricted range of motion', 'pain']

answer: @entity2967 :: (MESH:D005870,Disease) :: ['giant cell tumor']


abstract: ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: A traditional Japanese (Kampo) medicine, @entity15414 , has long been used to treat @entity11167 , @entity22 , and night crying and irritability in @entity1 . Recently, this medicine has reported to improve the behavioral and psychological symptoms of @entity303 that often become problematic in @entity1 with @entity195 and other forms of @entity303 . AIM OF THE STUDY: Several animal studies have reported that yokukansan has an anxiolytic effect. However, the underlying mechanisms are not yet understood. In the present study, we investigated the effects in @entity35 of single and repeated administrations of yokukansan on @entity148 -like behaviors, stress responses, and the brain regions involved. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Yokukansan dissolved in water (100 or 300 mg/kg) was administered orally to F344/N male @entity35 1h before each test or for two weeks before the tests began. Locomotor activity and @entity148 -related behavior in the open-field test and the elevated plus-maze test, serum @entity2819 levels, and restraint stress-induced @entity5019 expression in various brain regions as a marker of neuronal activation were evaluated in both the vehicle-treated and yokukansan-treated @entity35 . RESULTS: A single administration of yokukansan had no effect on locomotor activity or @entity148 -like behavior; however, repeated administration decreased @entity148 -like behavior in a dose-dependent manner. Neither single nor repeated administration of yokukansan had an effect on the basal or stress-induced levels of serum @entity2819 . For @entity5019 expression, restraint stress increased the number of @entity5019 -positive cells in the subdivisions of the prefrontal cortex, amygdala, and @entity2339 . Repeated administration of yokukansan decreased the stress-induced @entity5019 expression in the prelimbic cortex and the basolateral and medial amygdaloid nuclei. CONCLUSIONS: The present study indicates that repeated oral administration of yokukansan has an anxiolytic effect and that this effect may be associated with attenuated neuronal activity in the medial prefrontal cortex and amygdala.

title: Brain region-specific reduction in XXXX expression associated with an anxiolytic effect of yokukansan in @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity2819 :: ('MESH:D003345', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosterone']

entities_list: @entity15414 :: ('MESH:C524644', 'Chemical') :: ['yokukansan']

entities_list: @entity2339 :: ('MESH:D007029', 'Disease') :: ['hypothalamus']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["Alzheimer's disease"]

entities_list: @entity22 :: ('MESH:D007319', 'Disease') :: ['insomnia']

answer: @entity5019 :: (314322(Tax:10116),Gene) :: ['c-Fos']


abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of @entity2226 ( @entity5624 ) on experimental acute @entity788 (AP) in a @entity35 model by measuring cytokines and oxidant stress markers. Forty @entity35 were randomly divided into four groups: sham, AP, @entity5624 and AP + @entity5624 . AP was induced with @entity7362 . No treatment was given to the AP. All @entity35 were killed 5 days later. Pancreatic tissues of @entity35 and blood samples were obtained. @entity5624 treatment significantly decreased serum amylase activity (p < 0.001), @entity130 score (p < 0.001), @entity1234 levels (p < 0.001) and @entity1589 ( @entity1589 ) activity (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference between the @entity5624 and AP + @entity5624 groups in serum and pancreatic @entity5 @entity39 @entity40024 , @entity3426 and @entity568 levels (p = 1.000). Histopathologic scores in the AP + @entity5624 and @entity5624 groups were significantly lower compared with the AP group (both p < 0.001). These results showed that @entity5624 reduces lipid peroxidation, amylase and @entity1589 activities and the concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines secondary to AP and also increases @entity224 dismutase and @entity2041 peroxidase activities in @entity35 with @entity7362 -induced AP. It also has a marked ameliorative effect at histopathologic lesions. With these effects, @entity5624 protects the cells from oxidative damage, reduces @entity32 and promotes regression of @entity660 .

title: The protective effects of XXXX on experimental acute @entity788 in a @entity35 model.

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity7362 :: ('MESH:D013656', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium taurocholate']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity660 :: ('MESH:D010182', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic damage']

entities_list: @entity2041 :: ('MESH:D005978', 'Chemical') :: ['glutathione']

entities_list: @entity1234 :: ('MESH:D008315', 'Chemical') :: ['malondialdehyde']

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['total injury']

answer: @entity2226 :: (MESH:D013654,Chemical) :: ['taurine']