abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity65 is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the developed world. To reduce this @entity66 , a German sickness fund ('Siemens-Betriebskrankenkasse', SBK) initiated the prevention programme 'KardioPro' including primary (risk factor reduction) and secondary (screening) prevention and guideline-based treatment. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of 'KardioPro' as it is implemented in the real world. METHODS: The study is based on sickness fund routine data. The control group was selected from non- @entity1 via propensity score matching. Study analysis was based on time-to-event analysis via Cox proportional hazards regression with the endpoint 'all-cause mortality, acute @entity583 ( @entity583 ) and @entity385 (1)', 'all-cause mortality (2)' and 'non-fatal acute @entity583 and @entity385 (3)'. RESULTS: A total of 26,202 insurants were included, 13,101 @entity1 and 13,101 control subjects. 'KardioPro' enrolment was associated with risk reductions of 23.5% (95% confidence interval (CI) 13.0-32.7%) (1), 41.7% (95% CI 30.2-51.2%) (2) and 3.5% (hazard ratio 0.965, 95% CI 0.811-1.148) (3). This corresponds to an absolute risk reduction of 0.29% (1), 0.31% (2) and 0.03% (3) per year. CONCLUSION: The prevention programme initiated by a German statutory sickness fund appears to be effective with regard to all-cause mortality. The non-significant reduction in non-fatal events might result from a shift from fatal to non-fatal events.

title: The Effectiveness of the XXXX Prevention Programme 'KardioPro' Initiated by a German Sickness Fund: A Time-to-Event Analysis of Routine Data.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['burden of disease']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'MI']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['Cardiovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity65 :: (MESH:D002318,Disease) :: ['Cardiovascular Disease']


abstract: Serpins ( @entity563 protease inhibitors) regulate some innate immune responses of insects by inhibiting endogenous proteases. In this study, we characterized the serpin (SRPN) gene family in the mosquito @entity313 , the major @entity311 vector in Sub-Saharan Africa. We identified 18 A. gambiae SRPN genes, all on chromosomes 2 and 3, through searches of genomic DNA and EST databases. In addition to SRPN10, previously documented to exhibit alternative splicing, we found three splicing isoforms of SRPN4. We completed sequencing of cDNAs for the A. gambiae serpins to obtain complete coding sequence information and to verify or improve gene predictions. The predicted SRPN9 and 15 in the initial genome annotation were determined to be a single gene (SRPN9). Sixteen of the serpins contained putative secretion signal sequences. Multiple sequence alignments showing conserved residues important in structural conformation, including the consensus pattern within the hinge region, indicated that most of the A. gambiae serpins may be inhibitory. Phylogenetic analyses confirmed that SRPN1, 2, 3, 8, 9 and 10 formed phylogenetic clusters with known inhibitory serpins from @entity238 and @entity4079 . Many of the A. gambiae serpins were expressed during all life stages. However, SRPN7, 8, 12, and 19 were expressed at very low levels in the adult stage. SRPN13 was expressed mostly in eggs and young larvae, whereas SRPN5 and 14 were expressed mostly in adults. Such differences in expression pattern suggest that the serpins are involved in multiple physiological processes. Determining the biological functions of the mosquito serpins will require future work to identify the proteases they inhibit in vivo.

title: The serpin gene family in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity4079 :: ('7130', 'Species') :: ['Manduca sexta']

entities_list: @entity563 :: ('CHEBI:17822', 'Chemical') :: ['serine']

entities_list: @entity313 :: ('7165', 'Species') :: ['Anopheles gambiae']

entities_list: @entity238 :: ('7227', 'Species') :: ['Drosophila melanogaster']

answer: @entity313 :: (7165,Species) :: ['Anopheles gambiae']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 4010 Background: Single agent G is the standard therapy in advanced @entity788 , yielding 10% objective responses (OR) and 20% 1-yr @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ). PEFG regimen is active in @entity788 (JCO 2001; 19: 2679-86) Methods: A randomized phase 3 trial compared arm A: @entity900 (P) and @entity1259 (E) 40 mg/m(2) on day 1, G 600 mg/m(2) on days 1 and 8 and @entity1487 (F) as continuous infusion 200 mg/m(2)/day on days 1 to 28 of 4-week cycles, with arm B: G 1 g/m(2) over 30 minutes given for 7 of 8 consecutive weeks in cycle 1 and for 3 of 4 weeks thereafter. Eligibility criteria included age 18-70 years and performance status (PS) >40. Arm B @entity1 (pts) could receive PEFG at progression ( @entity1726 ). Due to the potential impact of salvage therapy on @entity1349 , the primary endpoint of the study was @entity1726 free survival (PFS). The sample size was calculated on the probability of being PF at 4 months (PFS4) from enrollment. Assuming a PFS4 of 35% for G and of 65% for PEFG (a .05, b.10, one sided p-test), the study was to enroll 100 pts over 3 years. PFS and @entity1349 were analyzed on an intent-to-treat basis Results: Between April 2000 and April 2003, 104 pts, stratified by center and stage, were enrolled: 5 pts were ineligible due to liver function (2 in each arm) and @entity1125 (1 arm B), 52 pts were allocated to arm A and 47 to arm B. Main pt characteristics were balanced (A/B): median age 62/59, PS > 70 71/74%, metastatic disease 71/70%. Two arm A pts did not receive PEFG due to death before treatment start or delivery of G alone. Actual/planned dose intensity was P/E/F/G 95/95/81/86% vs G 92%. Main per cycle grade 3-4 @entity137 was (A/B): neutropenia 43/19% (p<.01), @entity882 29/2% (p<.01), @entity417 4/4%, @entity33 4/3%, @entity391 2/4%, fatigue 3/4%. PEFG significantly improved PFS4 (A vs B) (60  7% vs 28  6%; log-rank p=.003), OR (20/50 or 40%, 95% CI 26-54% vs 4/48 or 8.5%, 95% CI 0.5-16.5% @entity16043 p<.001), and 1-yr @entity1349 (38  7% vs 22  6% log-rank p=.06). Salvage therapy was given to 54% of arm B pts and 41% of arm A pts. Time to 2(nd) @entity1726 was longer in arm B (p=.05) Conclusions: PEFG yielded a significantly better outcome than standard G. This is the 1(st) time that a combination chemotherapy has resulted superior to a single agent in advanced @entity788 No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: Final results of a phase III trial of gemcitabine (G) versus PEFG regimen in stage IVA or metastatic @entity788 ( XXXX ).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity1259 :: ('MESH:D015251', 'Chemical') :: ['epirubicin']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['mucositis']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

entities_list: @entity1125 :: ('MESH:D001661', 'Disease') :: ['biliary tract cancer']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['5fluorouracil']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['PA']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of our study was to estimate the one-year prevalence of @entity12967 in three different social groups using the third edition beta of the International Classification of @entity2794 (ICHD-3 beta). MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study population included a total of 3124 @entity1 : 1042 students (719 females, 323 males, mean age 20.6, age range 17-40), 1075 workers (146 females, 929 males, mean age 40.4, age range 21-67) and 1007 blood donors (484 females, 523 males, mean age 34.1, age range 18-64). We used a semi-structured, validated face-to-face interview. RESULTS: The age-adjusted one-year prevalence of @entity2704 in females was significantly higher (p   <   0.001) in students (41.9%) than in workers (19.2%) and blood donors (18.7%). Age-adjusted prevalence of @entity2704 among males did not differ among the three groups: 4.5% in students, 4.9% in workers and 4.5% in blood donors. Age-adjusted prevalence of @entity2701 ( @entity2701 ) among females was almost the same in students and blood donors (68.8% and 66.7%) but female workers had a lower prevalence of @entity2701 (57%). Age-adjusted prevalence of @entity2701 among males did not differ significantly between students and blood donors (55.8% and 58.1%) but male workers had a significantly lower (p   <   0.001) prevalence of @entity2701 (30.7%). The prevalence of @entity2794 in students ( @entity2701 and/or @entity2704 ) was 3% and of probable medication-overuse @entity10 3%, significantly more than in workers and blood donors. CONCLUSION: @entity10 prevalence was high and differed markedly among the three social groups. It is important that @entity10 epidemiology also focus on socially defined groups in order to target future preventive efforts.

title: Prevalence of XXXX diagnosed according to ICHD-3 beta in three different social groups.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity12967 :: ('MESH:D051270', 'Disease') :: ['primary headache disorders']

entities_list: @entity2794 :: ('MESH:D020773', 'Disease') :: ['Headache Disorders', 'chronic headache']

entities_list: @entity2701 :: ('MESH:D018781', 'Disease') :: ['tension-type headache', 'TTH']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache', 'Headache']

answer: @entity12967 :: (MESH:D051270,Disease) :: ['primary headache disorders']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Symptom of herpes zoster is sometimes difficult to distinguish from @entity13549 induced by @entity66 , including @entity890 and @entity612 . Here we report a case of @entity13549 mimicking @entity2649 . CASE PRESENTATION: A 74-year-old Chinese male @entity1 visited our hospital for left-sided sciatic @entity158 upon standing or walking for 5  min of approximately 1  month's duration. At the first visit to our hospital, there were no @entity272 . A magnetic resonance imaging showed @entity612 between the 4th and 5th lumbar spine. Thus, we diagnosed the @entity1 with @entity13549 induced by @entity612 . We considered decompression surgery for the stenosis of 4th and 5th lumbar spine because conservative therapy failed to relieve the @entity1 's symptom. At that time, the @entity1 complained of a @entity1910 involving his left foot for several days. A @entity1910 and erythema were observed on the dorsal and plantar surfaces of the great toe and lateral malleolus. The @entity1 was diagnosed with herpes zoster in the left 5th lumbar spinal nerve area based on clinical findings, including the characteristics of the @entity158 and @entity1910 and erythema in the 5th lumbar spinal dermatome. The @entity1 was treated with @entity28959 (1,500  mg/day) and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. After 1  week of medication, the @entity1910 resolved and @entity158 relief was obtained. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, spinal surgeons should keep in mind @entity281 as one of the possible differential diagnoses of @entity13549 , even if there is no typical @entity1910 .

title: Herpes zoster XXXX mimicking @entity2649 : a case report.

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['spinal diseases']

entities_list: @entity1910 :: ('MESH:D005076', 'Disease') :: ['vesicular rash', 'skin rash']

entities_list: @entity612 :: ('MESH:D013130', 'Disease') :: ['spinal canal stenosis']

entities_list: @entity2649 :: ('MESH:C563613', 'Disease') :: ['lumbar canal stenosis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['herpes zoster infection']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin lesions']

entities_list: @entity28959 :: ('MESH:C060590', 'Chemical') :: ['famciclovir']

entities_list: @entity890 :: ('MESH:D007405', 'Disease') :: ['lumbar disc herniation']

answer: @entity13549 :: (MESH:D012585,Disease) :: ['sciatica']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1209 are observed in increased frequency after laparoscopic surgery. This study was performed in order to compare the efficacy of two @entity750 -3 (5-HT3) receptor antagonists, @entity3974 and tropisetron, in preventing @entity1209 ( @entity1209 ) after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. METHODS: Using a randomized, double-blind study design, 87 ASA I and II @entity1 scheduled for laparoscopic cholecystectomy were randomly assigned to receive 4 mg @entity3974 (Group A, n = 29), 5 mg tropisetron (Group B, n = 31), or placebo (Group C, n = 27) intravenously (IV) before induction of anesthesia. The end points evaluated were frequency of @entity390 , @entity390 intensity rated on a scale from 1 (mild) to 5 (most severe), frequency of @entity391 , and need for rescue antiemetics. These parameters were measured immediately after surgery (0 h), at 3 h, 6 h, and 12 h postoperatively. RESULTS: The frequency of @entity390 was significantly higher in group A (31.2%) compared to group B (14%) at 12 h postoperatively (p <0.01). However, @entity1 of group A had significantly lower @entity390 scores at 3 h postoperatively compared to group B. @entity1209 occurred in 13.8% of @entity1 in group A and 9.6% of @entity1 in group B throughout the whole study period (p = n.s.). The need for rescue antiemetics was similar between groups A and B. Both groups were superior to placebo concerning all studied parameters. CONCLUSION: Our results show that @entity3974 may be more effective in controlling @entity390 intensity during the first 3 h after laparoscopic cholecystectomy, while @entity19473 has a longer-acting activity, with a major impact on @entity390 frequency at 12 h postoperatively.

title: Tropisetron vs XXXX for prevention of @entity1209 after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3974 :: ('MESH:D017294', 'Chemical') :: ['ondansetron']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['5-hydroxytryptamine']

entities_list: @entity19473 :: ('MESH:C045504', 'Chemical') :: ['tropisetron']

entities_list: @entity1209 :: ('MESH:D020250', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative nausea and vomiting', 'PONV', 'postoperative nausea and vomiting', 'Postoperative vomiting']

answer: @entity3974 :: (MESH:D017294,Chemical) :: ['ondansetron']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Hemifacial @entity2473 (HFS) is a chronic @entity2103 characterized by spontaneous muscle contractions. @entity5663 ( @entity5663 ) is the neurosurgical treatment of choice. Intraoperative neurophysiologic monitoring (IOM) during @entity5663 can help determine when adequate decompression is performed. METHODS: @entity5663 with IOM was performed on 16  @entity1 with HFS that included recording the abnormal @entity6372 ( @entity6372 ) in lower facial muscles, considered as neurophysiologic marker of HFS. Two lower facial muscles were monitored as opposed to a standard monitoring of a single muscle. RESULTS: All @entity1 underwent preoperative thin cut MRI confirming the presence of neurovascular conflict. @entity1 underwent small retrosigmoid craniotomy and @entity5663 . In 13 cases, the @entity6372 guided the surgeon to continue @entity5663 until the response was unobtainable from all recorded lower facial muscles. In four of those (30%), the @entity6372 persisted on one of the recorded muscle and prompted further exploration and decompression until complete disappearance of @entity6372 in all recorded muscles. In two cases, the @entity6372 disappeared after dural opening and never recurred during the procedure, therefore the completion of @entity5663 was based on non reappearance of @entity6372 . In one case, the @entity6372 persisted despite apparent complete decompression of the nerve. Fourteen @entity1 had complete relief of their symptoms after surgery, one had partial improvement and the one with persistent @entity6372 was unchanged. CONCLUSION: Evaluation of the @entity6372 by monitoring of two lower facial muscles provides valuable neurosurgical guidance during @entity5663 for HFS. This simple modification of intra-operative monitoring may improve prediction of satisfactory @entity5663 and HFS resolution.

title: Intra-operative monitoring of two facial muscles in hemifacial XXXX surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5663 :: ('MESH:D003665', 'Disease') :: ['MVD', 'Microvascular decompression']

entities_list: @entity2103 :: ('MESH:D005155', 'Disease') :: ['facial nerve disorder']

entities_list: @entity6372 :: ('MESH:C538007', 'Disease') :: ['LSR', 'lateral spread response']

answer: @entity2473 :: (MESH:D013035,Disease) :: ['spasm']


abstract: OBJECTIVES:: Hip @entity174 account for less than 1% of all pediatric @entity174 , however, @entity2738 ( @entity2530 ) after this injury ranges from 0 - 92%. The aim of this investigation was to add our experience to the literature and identify factors that may increase or decrease the risk of @entity2530 in pediatric @entity1 with @entity173 . DESIGN:: IRB approved retrospective review. SETTING:: Pediatric level II @entity130 center @entity1 / @entity1 :: 255 pediatric @entity173 cases were reviewed from 1983 to 2009. @entity1 were excluded if they had @entity2331 , subtrochanteric or pathologic @entity174 , @entity4039 , or less than 1 year follow-up. This left 43 @entity1 with 44 @entity174 in the study. INTERVENTION:: Standard fixation procedures. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS:: Factors that could influence @entity2530 were analyzed and included age, Delbet classification, displacement, time to reduction, reduction quality and type, and whether or not a decompression was performed. Fisher's Exact tests were used with p < 0.05 considered statistically significant. RESULTS:: Of the 44 cases included in the study, 9 (20%) developed @entity2530 . Age > 11 years was the only statistically significant independent predictor of @entity2530 (p = 0.04). The details of three unique cases are also presented. CONCLUSIONS:: The rate of @entity2530 in this case series was 20%. No @entity2530 occurred in any @entity1 < 11 years old. We were unable to demonstrate that earlier time to reduction reduced the incidence of @entity2530 . LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:: Prognostic Level II. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.

title: Earlier Time to Reduction did not Reduce Rates of XXXX in @entity173 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Children', 'PATIENTS', 'PARTICIPANTS', 'child']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures']

entities_list: @entity173 :: ('MESH:D006620', 'Disease') :: ['hip fractures', 'hip fracture']

entities_list: @entity2331 :: ('MESH:D001851', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic bone disease']

entities_list: @entity2738 :: ('MESH:D005271', 'Disease') :: ['femoral head osteonecrosis']

entities_list: @entity4039 :: ('MESH:D060048', 'Disease') :: ['slipped capital femoral epiphysis']

answer: @entity2738 :: (MESH:D005271,Disease) :: ['Femoral Head Osteonecrosis']


abstract: The horizontal Ussing chamber method described here allows performance of transport studies on @entity1707 nasal respiratory mucosa under conditions simulating reality in that it mimics the air-mucosa interface. The transport of @entity251 and @entity2656 through @entity1707 nasal mucosa in the horizontal Ussing chamber was investigated using both liquid and air mucosal interfaces. There were no significant differences in either the bioelectrical parameters (transmucosal electrical resistance, R, potential difference, @entity1726 , and short circuit current, I(sc)) or the apparent permeability (P(app)) of the mucosa to @entity251 or @entity2656 between the liquid and air interface experiments. The histological study showed that the epithelial cell layer tolerates exposure to the air interface well. The P(app) equation was developed to correct for substance binding to the wall of the receiver chamber. The mean values +/- SD of R, @entity1726 , and I(sc) for the mucosae in the study were 75.0 +/- 28.0 Omegacm(2), (-4.53) +/- 3.46 mV and 58.6 +/- 28.8 microA/cm(2), respectively. The corrected P(app) for @entity251 with and without the mucosal air interface were 9.82. 10(-6) +/- 11.41. 10(-6) cm/s and 32.24. 10(-6) +/- 31.12. 10(-6) cm/s, respectively. The P(app) values for @entity2656 with and without the air interface were 2.26. 10(-6) +/- 1.42. 10(-6) cm/s and 3.12. 10(-6) +/- 1.72. 10(-6) cm/s, respectively.

title: A new method for drug transport studies on XXXX nasal mucosa using a horizontal Ussing chamber.

entities_list: @entity2656 :: ('MESH:D008353', 'Chemical') :: ['mannitol']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

answer: @entity1707 :: (9823,Species) :: ['pig']


abstract: AIM: Surgery is the treatment of choice for lymph node @entity3 in @entity3557 . When adequately treated by surgical extirpation, the presence of lymph node involvement does not seem to have a negative impact on cure rates or survival. Surgical lymphadenectomy for metastatic @entity3557 has been well described for both the central and the lateral compartments of the neck. Superior mediastinal lymphadenectomy, however, has only sporadically been mentioned. We describe our experience with transcervical superior mediastinal lymphadenectomy (TSML) that avoids the morbidity of the traditional sternal split. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective analysis included 30 @entity1 (24 @entity1 and 6 @entity1 ; age range, 17-72 years) who underwent TSML by the senior author (JLF) for @entity1377 metastatic to the superior mediastinum between 1985 and 1999. Histopathologic examination confirmed positive nodes in all the mediastinal dissections. All @entity1 received postoperative I(131). RESULTS: All the @entity1 are alive after a median follow-up of 5 years (range, 1-14 years). Twenty-nine of 30 @entity1 remain free of disease, whereas one @entity1 is alive with lung and bone @entity3 . No @entity1 has had local or regional relapse. The only significant complication was a high incidence of temporary (70%) and later permanent (50%) @entity261 . CONCLUSIONS: TSML is a safe and effective treatment for superior mediastinal @entity3 in @entity3557 .

title: Transcervical superior mediastinal lymphadenectomy in the management of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3557 :: ('MESH:C536915', 'Disease') :: ['papillary thyroid carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1377 :: ('MESH:D002291', 'Disease') :: ['papillary carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity261 :: ('MESH:D007011', 'Disease') :: ['hypoparathyroidism']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

answer: @entity3557 :: (MESH:C536915,Disease) :: ['papillary thyroid carcinoma']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity3029 with @entity1344 ( @entity1344 ) and unstable radial head fractures require reconstruction by @entity1538 ( @entity1538 ) if possible or alternatively by a radial head prosthesis. The aim of this study was to determine the differential outcome of both strategies and to investigate the contribution of prosthesis-related radiographic factors such as oversizing on clinical outcome. METHODS: A total of 53 @entity1 underwent ligament and coronoid refixation, and radial head reconstruction by @entity1538 (n   =   18; group 1) or by monopolar modular prosthesis (n   =   35; group 2). @entity1 were followed by the @entity14228 ( @entity14228 ) and a radiological score including prosthesis oversizing, joint subluxation, ossifications, @entity2681 , implant loosening and ulno-humeral @entity571 . To investigate the effect of oversizing, group 2 was subdivided by prosthesis overlenghtening   >=    2  mm. RESULTS: A total of 42 @entity1 (79.2  %) could be followed for 3.0        1.3  years with an average @entity14228 of 76.8        17.2. @entity1 with @entity1538 had slightly better @entity14228 (82.1        9.9) as compared with group 2 (74.7        19.1) though three @entity1538 @entity1 required an early conversion to prosthesis. In group 2, oversizing occurred frequently and 50  % showed an overlenghtening   >=    2  mm. Oversizing significantly decreased @entity14228 (63.2        21.3 vs 84.7        9.0; p   =   0.001) and elbow range of motion and increased the occurrence of other @entity854 and the risk for surgical revisions. The radiological score and prosthesis overlenghtening but not prosthesis diameter showed an inverse correlation with @entity14228 . CONCLUSIONS: In @entity1344 a radial head reconstruction with a prosthesis demonstrates similarly good clinical results as compared to @entity1538 in anatomically sized prosthesis, but prosthesis oversizing could induce other @entity854 with then deteriorated outcome.

title: Radial head prosthesis in XXXX : effect of oversizing and comparison with @entity1538 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1538 :: ('MESH:D005902', 'Disease') :: ['open reduction and internal fixation', 'ORIF']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity2681 :: ('MESH:D014077', 'Disease') :: ['capitellar erosions']

entities_list: @entity14228 :: ('MESH:C535618', 'Disease') :: ['Mayo Elbow Performance Score', 'MEPS']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['radiographic abnormalities', 'radiological abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity1344 :: ('MESH:D043171', 'Disease') :: ['complex elbow instability', 'CEI']

entities_list: @entity3029 :: ('MESH:D004204', 'Disease') :: ['Elbow dislocations']

answer: @entity3029 :: (MESH:D004204,Disease) :: ['complex elbow dislocations']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to investigate the surgical techniques and the clinical efficacy of combined approaches for the treatment of @entity174 involving the posterolateral column [lateral and posterolateral columns (LPCs) @entity174 ] in a prospective cohort. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From January 2007 through December 2010, a total of 65 @entity1 with LPCs underwent dual-plate fixation via a combined anterior and posterior approach. The anterior and posterior approaches were the conventional anterolateral approach and a posteromedial inverted L-shaped approach, respectively, with the @entity1 in a floating position. RESULTS: Ultimately, 41 @entity1 were followed up for a mean period of 52.5  months. All @entity174 healed. The mean time to radiographic bony union was 15.2  weeks and the mean time to full weight-bearing was 18.7  weeks. No parameter associated with knee alignment changed significantly between immediately postoperation and 2  years postoperation. No collapse of the reduced articular surface was detected. Two years postoperation, the mean Hospital for Special Surgery score was 92.3; the mean Short Form-36 score was 90.1, and the mean range of knee motion was 1.7  -123.6   (extension-flexion). Two @entity1 suffered dehiscence of the anterolateral incision and another suffered partial @entity39 at the margin of the posteromedial incision postoperatively. All healed in response conservative treatment. Another two @entity1 experienced @entity1183 in the posteromedial inferior region of the @entity291 . No implant loosening, breakage, fixation failure, or other complication was observed during follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: LPCs are not uncommon. Careful preoperative analysis of computed tomography images and impeccable preparation are necessary to avoid neglecting a posterolateral column fracture. It is inappropriate to generalize one scenario for all Schatzker @entity174 : a single approach cannot address all subtypes of these @entity174 . @entity5748 via a combined approach is an effective treatment for LPCs.

title: Combined approaches for fixation of XXXX involving the posterolateral column: a prospective observational cohort study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'type II fractures', 'Schatzker type II tibial plateau fractures']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5748 :: ('MESH:D009105', 'Disease') :: ['Dual-plate fixation']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['Schatzker type II tibial plateau fractures']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Potentially teratogenic medications are frequently prescribed without provision of contraceptive counseling. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether computerized @entity922 ( @entity922 ) can increase primary care providers' (PCPs') provision of family planning services when prescribing potentially teratogenic medications. DESIGN: Cluster-randomized trial conducted in one academic and one community-based practice between October of 2008 and April of 2010. @entity1 /INTERVENTIONS: Forty-one PCPs were randomized to receive one of two types of @entity922 which alerted them to risks of medication-induced @entity600 when ordering potentially teratogenic medications for @entity1 who may become pregnant. The 'simple' @entity922 provided a cautionary alert; the 'multifaceted' @entity922 provided tailored information and links to a structured order set designed to facilitate safe prescribing. Both @entity922 systems alerted PCPs about medication risk only once per encounter. MAIN MEASURES: We assessed change in documented provision of family planning services using data from 35,110 encounters and mixed-effects models. PCPs completed surveys before and after the @entity922 systems were implemented, allowing assessment of change in @entity212 -reported counseling about the risks of medication-induced @entity600 and contraception. KEY RESULTS: Both @entity922 systems were associated with slight increases in provision of family planning services when potential teratogens were prescribed, without a significant difference in improvement by @entity922 complexity (p = 0.87). Because @entity922 was not repeated, 13% of the times that PCPs received @entity922 they substituted another potential teratogen. PCPs reported significant improvements in several counseling and prescribing practices. The multifaceted group reported a greater increase in the number of times per month they discussed the risks of medication use during pregnancy (multifaceted: +4.9    7.0 vs. simple: +0.8    3.2, p = 0.03). The simple @entity922 system was associated with greater clinician satisfaction. CONCLUSIONS: @entity922 systems hold promise for increasing provision of family planning services when fertile @entity1 are prescribed potentially teratogenic medications, but further refinement of these systems is needed.

title: Clinical decision support to promote safe prescribing to XXXX of reproductive age: a cluster-randomized trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity922 :: ('MESH:D013568', 'Disease') :: ['CDS', 'clinical decision support']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['birth defects']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the incidence of clinical problems related to a @entity4503 ( @entity472 and regurgitation) and the incidence of ascending aorta and aortic arch pathology in combination with @entity1498 repair. @entity1 : 124 adult @entity1 after surgical correction of @entity1498 were studied. The incidence of aortic valve, ascending aorta, and aortic arch pathology was determined using echocardiography and magnetic resonance imaging. The median age at @entity1498 repair was 9 years and at last follow up 28 years. RESULTS: Three @entity1 died from aorta pathology. @entity886 was found in 63% of the @entity1 , requiring an intervention in 22%, at a median of 13 years after @entity1498 repair. Ascending aorta dilatation was observed in 28% and @entity6127 in 23%, among whom kinking of the aortic arch was found in 12%. Antihypertensive medication was used in 24%. In the @entity1 with @entity101 the age at operation and age at follow up were significantly higher (p = 0.0001 and p < 0.0001, respectively). CONCLUSION: In addition to the well known problems of @entity101 and recoarctation, aortic valve and aortic arch pathology are commonly encountered in @entity1 with @entity1498 repair. @entity2333 may predispose to dilatation and dissection, thus necessitating careful lifelong attention in all @entity1 with @entity1498 .

title: Aortic valve and aortic arch pathology after XXXX repair.

entities_list: @entity4503 :: ('MESH:C562388', 'Disease') :: ['bicuspid valve']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity886 :: ('MESH:C563178', 'Disease') :: ['Aortic valve disease']

entities_list: @entity1498 :: ('MESH:D001017', 'Disease') :: ['previous coarctation', 'aortic coarctation', 'coarctation']

entities_list: @entity2333 :: ('MESH:D001018', 'Disease') :: ['Aortic abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity472 :: ('MESH:D001024', 'Disease') :: ['aortic stenosis']

entities_list: @entity6127 :: ('MESH:D007569', 'Disease') :: ['aortic arch abnormalities']

answer: @entity1498 :: (MESH:D001017,Disease) :: ['coarctation']


abstract: AIM: Medical and lay concerns about @entity5419 are increasing. Whilst @entity5419 may be becoming more common, fatal reactions to food in childhood are very rare and their rate is not changing. We sought to establish how common severe reactions are. METHODS: Prospective survey, 1998 to 2000, of hospital admissions for food-allergic reactions-conducted primarily through the British Paediatric Surveillance Unit, covering the 13 million @entity1 in the United Kingdom and Ireland. RESULTS: 229 cases reported by 176 physicians in 133 departments, yielding a rate of 0.89 hospital admissions per 100,000 @entity1 per year. Sixty-five per cent were male, 41% were under 4 y and 60% started at home. Main allergens were peanut (21%), tree nuts (16%), @entity291 's milk (10%) and egg (7%). Main symptoms were @entity4 (76%), @entity110 (69%), respiratory (66%), shock (13%), gastrointestinal (4%). Fifty-eight cases were severe. Three were fatal, six near fatal, and 8 of these 9 had @entity565 with wheeze being the life-threatening symptom. Three near-fatal cases received excess intravenous @entity1425 . None of the non-fatal reactions resulted in @entity73 . Seven of 171 non-severe and 6/58 severe cases might have had a worse outcome if @entity1425 auto-injectors had been unavailable. Six of the severe cases might have benefited if auto-injectors had been more widely prescribed. CONCLUSION: In the United Kingdom and Ireland, the incidence of severe reactions is low. The study highlights that: @entity565 is a strongly significant risk factor for a severe reaction and therefore warrants optimal management; severe wheeze is a prominent feature of severe reactions and warrants optimal management; intravenous @entity1425 should be used with great care if needed. @entity1425 auto-injectors do not always prevent @entity204 , but our study design and data do not allow a definite statement about whether overall they are beneficial.

title: Severe food-allergic reactions in XXXX across the UK and Ireland, 1998-2000.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity5419 :: ('MESH:D005512', 'Disease') :: ['food allergy']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['facial swelling']

entities_list: @entity1425 :: ('MESH:D004837', 'Chemical') :: ['epinephrine', 'Epinephrine']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['mental or physical impairment']

entities_list: @entity110 :: ('MESH:D014581', 'Disease') :: ['urticaria']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In @entity955 ( @entity955 ), @entity3925 is used to prevent @entity64 and systemic @entity887 . OBJECTIVE: To evaluate @entity548 ( @entity548 ) in @entity955 @entity1 treated with @entity3925 in a real-world clinical setting. METHODS: From January 1, 2013, to March 31, 2014, US Department of Defense electronic health care records were queried to describe @entity548 rates and demographics. Major @entity548 was identified using a validated algorithm. RESULTS: Of 27 467 @entity1 receiving @entity3925 , 496 @entity548 events occurred in 478 @entity1 , an incidence of 2.86 per 100 @entity1 -years (95% confidence interval: 2.61-3.13). The @entity548 @entity1 were older, mean (SD) age of 78.4 (7.7) vs 75.7 (9.7) years, compared with non- @entity548 @entity1 . @entity1 with @entity548 had higher rates of @entity101 (95.6% vs 75.8%), @entity453 (64.2% vs 36.7%), @entity712 (48.5% vs 23.7%), and @entity8 (38.7% vs 16.7%). Of @entity548 @entity1 , 63.2% were taking 20 mg, 32.2% 15 mg, and 4.6% 10 mg of @entity3925 . Four percent of @entity548 @entity1 took warfarin within the prior 30 days. Major @entity548 was most commonly gastrointestinal (88.5%) or intracranial (7.5%). Although 46.7% of @entity548 @entity1 received a transfusion, none had sufficient evidence of receiving any type of clotting factor. Fourteen died during their @entity548 hospitalization, yielding a fatal @entity548 incidence rate of 0.08 per 100 @entity1 -years (95% confidence interval: 0.05-0.14). Mean age at death was 82.4 years. CONCLUSIONS: In this large observational study, the @entity548 rate was generally consistent with the registration trial results, and fatal @entity548 were rare.

title: Characterizing Major Bleeding in @entity1 With XXXX : A Pharmacovigilance Study of 27 467 @entity1 Taking @entity3925 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'person']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal disease']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding', 'MB', 'bleeds', 'major bleeding']

entities_list: @entity887 :: ('MESH:D004617', 'Disease') :: ['embolism']

entities_list: @entity3925 :: ('MESH:C503223', 'Chemical') :: ['rivaroxaban']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['nonvalvular atrial fibrillation', 'NVAF']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

answer: @entity955 :: (MESH:D001281,Disease) :: ['Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation']


abstract: 1. The relative amounts of incorporation in vivo of @entity9108 , and in one experiment @entity534 , into different histone fractions from Krebs ascites and a @entity706 ascites cells of @entity19 and a ;solid' @entity5 and liver of @entity35 have been determined. 2. No marked differences in the incorporations of the @entity1522 into the fractions F1, F2a, F2b and F3 from the @entity5 were generally observed, although in some experiments there was a greater incorporation into fraction F2b, which could be decreased by further purification. 3. In the @entity5 the incorporations into all cell protein fractions obtained were approximately the same, indicating that the amount of incorporation was that required for the increase of cell mass. 4. In @entity35 liver, the incorporations into fractions F1, F2a and F3 were not greatly different. That into fraction F2b was variable. The incorporation into the histone fractions was much less than that into the acid-insoluble nuclear residue, indicating that considerable turnover of @entity1522 in the latter occurs. 5. The decrease in radioactivity of labelled histone and acid-insoluble nuclear protein in vivo during several days confirmed the relatively small turnover of the histone fraction. The time taken for liver whole histone to lose half its radioactivity was about 1 week. A histone fraction of slower metabolism was also detected. 6. It is concluded that no appreciable turnover of protein occurs in any one histone fraction, the somewhat higher values obtained in certain cases being associated with acidic impurities. The apparently high rate of incorporation into histone of resting liver is discussed in relation to recent evidence on DNA metabolism of resting liver.

title: METABOLISM OF HISTONES IN MALIGNANT TISSUES AND LIVER OF THE @entity35 AND XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity534 :: ('CHEBI:16467', 'Chemical') :: ['l-arginine']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['MOUSE']


abstract: AIMS: To investigate the prognostic significance of macular capillary drop-out and previous panretinal laser photocoagulation in @entity6 treated with intravitreal ranibizumab. METHODS: Retrospective observational case series. Treatment-naive @entity1 with @entity6 that had been treated with intravitreal ranibizumab as per the RESTORE study protocol for at least 12   months were included. Some @entity1 (n=15) had previous panretinal laser photocoagulation. Best-corrected visual acuity and central retina thickness were recorded monthly. The foveal avascular zone and the perifoveal capillaries were quantitatively and qualitatively assessed on @entity941 angiography on two occasions during the observational period. RESULTS: From the 46 eyes (46 @entity1 ) in this study, 13 (28%) had evidence of perifoveal capillary drop-out. Central retinal thickness was significantly thinner at baseline (p=0.02) and throughout the study period in these eyes compared with those with normal perifoveal capillaries. Both groups responded with a significant gain of best-corrected visual acuity to ranibizumab treatment (7.6  3.3 and 6.3  1.3 ETDRS letters, respectively). Eyes with previous panretinal laser photocoagulation displayed a comparable final outcome regarding function and morphology, requiring a similar intensity of intravitreal injections. CONCLUSIONS: Perifoveal capillary drop-out did not limit the gain of visual acuity from intravitreal ranibizumab treatment. The reduction of central retina thickness was similar to that seen in eyes with normal perifoveal capillaries. Central @entity2479 with perifoveal capillary drop-out was generally reduced. However, this did not affect their benefit from treatment. Ranibizumab did not increase the amount of perifoveal capillary loss.

title: Prognostic significance of foveal capillary drop-out and previous panretinal photocoagulation for XXXX treated with ranibizumab.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity941 :: ('MESH:D019793', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorescein']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic macular oedema']

entities_list: @entity2479 :: ('MESH:D012173', 'Disease') :: ['retinal thickness in eyes']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetic macular oedema']


abstract: Increasingly, pooled data from multiple institutions are the source of published clinical results. A computerized database program is essential to compile and analyze clinical experience. The scope of data collection defines a database. Two types of databases, the registry and @entity4207 , are compared. In a registry database, some of the data are collected on all @entity1 . The resources dedicated to data collection and entry are the practical limit to the extent of information in the database. The agreement on nomenclature for surgical diagnosis and procedure codes of @entity299 has paved the way for the development of a multi-institutional registry database. The registry database could provide a standard of care reference for early results after congenital heart surgery. The practical difficulty of data collection is obviated by limiting information to a basic minimum dataset. The @entity4207 database, in which all of the data are collected for a defined subset of @entity1 , is designed to investigate a specific population of @entity1 to generate new knowledge. It contains sufficient data to allow sophisticated statistical analysis to clarify the determinants of good and poor outcome, including early, mid- and long-term follow-up information. Multi-institutional pooling of detailed information derived from @entity4207 databases will be of increasing importance in generating new knowledge to foster improved therapy for @entity1 with @entity299 .

title: Practical experience with databases for XXXX : a registry versus an @entity4207 database.

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['congenital heart disease']

answer: @entity299 :: (MESH:D006331,Disease) :: ['congenital heart disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The goal of the current meta-analysis was to review and examine in detail the features of cognitive performance in @entity716 ( @entity4696 ) major @entity308 . METHODS: An electronic literature search was performed to find studies comparing cognitive performance in MDDP versus @entity4696 . A meta-analysis of broad cognitive domains (processing speed, reasoning/problem solving, verbal learning, @entity4207 ) and individual cognitive tasks was conducted on all included studies (n=12). Demographic and clinical features were investigated via meta-regression analysis as moderators of cognitive performance. RESULTS: No difference in socio-demographic and clinical variables was detected between groups. In general, a poorer cognitive performance was detected in MDDP versus @entity4696 subjects (ES=0.38), with a greater effect size in drug-free @entity1 (ES=0.69). MDDP @entity1 were more impaired in verbal learning (ES=0.67), @entity227 (ES=0.62) and processing speed (ES=0.71) tasks. A significantly poorer performance was also detected in MDDP @entity1 for individual tasks as @entity2205 Making Test A, WAIS-R digit span backward and WAIS-R digit symbol. Age resulted to have a negative effect on tasks involved in working memory performance. CONCLUSION: In line with previous meta-analyses, our findings seem to support an association between @entity716 and @entity73 in the context of @entity1316 . @entity716 during the course of @entity4696 is associated with poorer cognitive performance in some specific cognitive domains, such as @entity227 and executive functions.

title: Cognitive markers of XXXX : A meta-analytic study.

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual and verbal learning', 'visual learning']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive disorder']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive deficits']

entities_list: @entity1316 :: ('MESH:D019964', 'Disease') :: ['affective disorders']

entities_list: @entity4207 :: ('MESH:D007859', 'Disease') :: ['visual learning, attention/working memory']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychotic (MDDP) versus non-psychotic', 'Psychosis', 'psychosis']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['psychotic unipolar depression']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study is to emphasize the therapeutic effect of thoracoscopic sympathicotomy performed at our clinic for @entity28583 or blushing on coincidental @entity5477 based on previous reports indicating an association between the sympathetic nerve stimulus, epithelial melanocyte system and sebogenesis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The possible therapeutic effects of sympathicotomy on @entity5477 were analyzed in a study design of retrospective review with prospective collection of the data from March 2005 to March 2013. RESULTS: Forty-two @entity1 were operated on at our clinic due to @entity28583 or blushing and 30 of these also had @entity5477 . However, none harbored a systemic co-morbidity. The @entity1 ' medical history indicated that they had used several medical therapies including topical or systemic antibiotherapies to treat their acne for several years but this had met with limited success and the treatment was stopped in all @entity1 an average of 8    2.4 months prior to the operations. Furthermore, the @entity1 with @entity5477 also underwent a thoracoscopic sympathicotomy procedure at the second costal head (R2) for @entity1119 or blushing. All 30 @entity1 showed marked improvement of their acne grade at the first postoperative month (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: In this study, the @entity1 ' @entity5477 grade significantly improved after undergoing a sympathicotomy. This can be explained by the possible effect the nervous system had on the epithelial melanocyte system and sebogenesis. However, prospective studies with an increased number of @entity1 are needed to verify our findings.

title: Could thoracoscopic sympathicotomy for XXXX also improve @entity5477 ?

entities_list: @entity5477 :: ('MESH:D000152', 'Disease') :: ['facial acne vulgaris', 'acne vulgaris']

entities_list: @entity1119 :: ('MESH:D006945', 'Disease') :: ['hyperhidrosis']

entities_list: @entity28583 :: ('MESH:D012536', 'Disease') :: ['facial/scalp hyperhidrosis']

answer: @entity1119 :: (MESH:D006945,Disease) :: ['hyperhidrosis']


abstract: Microfibrils-small, ubiquitous components of the extracellular matrix in many tissues-generally have not been recognized as causing infiltrative @entity299 , except in a group of cardiac transplant @entity1 treated with @entity205 . Microfibrils are often associated with elastic tissue and contain the glycoprotein fibrillin, the P component of amyloid, and bound fibronectin. A genetically determined abnormality of fibrillin caused by point mutations of fibrillin genes recently was reported as the cause of @entity1614 . However, to date, no abnormalities of increased fibrillin tissue deposition have been observed. In the last two years, while examining right ventricular endomyocardial biopsies, in four @entity1 we noted abnormal histology distinct from the usual type of @entity384 but with a strong resemblance to @entity2783 . The @entity1 presented with unexplained @entity1165 (N = 3) and/or @entity712 (N = 2). Biopsies revealed subendocardial, interstitial, and perivascular hyaline eosinophilic fibrillar material that did not stain with Congo red. Electron microscopy revealed that this material was organized into bundles of tangled microfibrils composed of twisted and tubular structures measuring up to 17 nm wide, which did not resemble amyloid or @entity205 -associated microfibrils. Immunoelectron microscopy of the index case, using monoclonal antibody to fibrillin, specifically identified these structures as fibrillin microfibrils; fibronectin also was bound to the interstitial microfibrils. We believe that the subendocardial and interstitial deposition of microfibrils in these four symptomatic @entity1 may represent a new type of @entity296 , similar to but distinct from @entity299 . We do not know yet if this disorder is genetic or acquired, or if the prognosis is better than that of @entity299 . However, atypical cases of primary @entity299 should be reevaluated in light of these findings.

title: XXXX : An infiltrative @entity299 resembling but distinct from @entity299 .

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['infiltrative cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity2783 :: ('MESH:D000686', 'Disease') :: ['amyloidosis']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['congestive cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity1614 :: ('MESH:D008382', 'Disease') :: ["Marfan's syndrome"]

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporin']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac amyloidosis', 'heart disease']

answer: @entity296 :: (MESH:D009202,Disease) :: ['Microfibrillar cardiomyopathy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Therapeutic duration of nucleos(t)ide analogues for @entity6194 ( @entity6194 ) is not indefinite in many parts of the world. Viral reactivation is common off therapy but the risk of subsequent clinical outcome remains unclear and unpredictable. AIM: We aimed to quantify the incidence of and explore the predictors for clinical flare following virological relapse in @entity6194 @entity1 who discontinue @entity17705 therapy. METHODS: This multicenter cohort study prospectively monitored 133 @entity6194 @entity1 who were @entity13211 -negative and viral DNA-undetectable when discontinuing @entity17705 after at least 3   years on therapy. Following virological relapse (viral DNA >2,000   IU/mL) that occurred in 92 @entity1 , the incidences of subsequent clinical flare and persistent (unremittent for 3   months) or severe @entity99 (with @entity1087 or @entity1003 ) were determined, and risk factors were explored. @entity1 did not resume antiviral therapy until occurrence of persistent or severe @entity99 . RESULTS: The cumulative incidence of clinical @entity99 2   years after virological relapse was 61.0% (95% CI, 49.9-72.3%) and that of persistent or severe @entity99 was 53.0% (95% CI, 40.9-66.2%). Serum viral load at the virological relapse was associated with both clinical @entity99 (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 1.31 per log IU/mL; 95% CI, 1.07-1.60) and persistent or severe @entity99 (adjusted HR, 1.63 per log IU/mL; 95% CI, 1.27-2.10), after adjustment for serum aminotransferase and alfa-fetoprotein levels in the multivariate analysis. Viral DNA >100,000   IU/mL predicted a nearly inevitable occurrence of clinical flare (P   <   0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: A high viral load at the virological relapse predicts subsequent clinical @entity99 in @entity6194 @entity1 who discontinue @entity17705 .

title: Serum viral load at the virological relapse predicts subsequent clinical flares in @entity6194 XXXX off @entity17705 therapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity6194 :: ('MESH:D019694', 'Disease') :: ['chronic hepatitis B', 'CHB']

entities_list: @entity1003 :: ('MESH:D001778', 'Disease') :: ['coagulopathy']

entities_list: @entity17705 :: ('MESH:C413685', 'Chemical') :: ['entecavir']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatitis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to describe the efficacy and @entity137 of intravenous (i.v.) @entity3303 infusions for the treatment of @entity9 initially administered at a flat-rate trial dose of 500   mg over 30 minutes. SETTING: Academic, tertiary care hospital and infusion center. METHODS: Data were retrospectively collected and analyzed for efficacy, correlations between infusion rates with adverse effects, patterns of infusion rate adjustments, and infusion frequencies. RESULTS: The average rate for all infusions was 9.1   mg/min. Efficacy was seen in 45 @entity1 (65%), and all but eight @entity1 (12%) required infusion rate reductions from the initial test rate of 16.7   mg/min due to adverse effects. Fifty-five @entity1 experienced adverse effects, with light-headedness as the most frequently reported side effect. CONCLUSION: The flat-dose trial used under the University of Wisconsin Health protocol for i.v. @entity3303 administration did not cause serious adverse events, but few @entity1 who responded to this trial dose tolerated subsequent infusions at the trial rate. Due to the lack of serious adverse events, administering an aggressive trial dose to elicit an analgesic response appears to be rational. If @entity1 show a benefit from the trial dose, the need for reductions in infusion rate of subsequent doses should be anticipated.

title: Intravenous XXXX for @entity9 : A Retrospective Analysis of Tolerability and Efficacy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity9 :: ('MESH:D009437', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathic pain']

entities_list: @entity3303 :: ('MESH:D008012', 'Chemical') :: ['lidocaine']

answer: @entity3303 :: (MESH:D008012,Chemical) :: ['Lidocaine']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The frequency of adult-type @entity3749 ( @entity290 non-persistence) varies widely among different ethnic groups. The cultural historical hypothesis assumes a link between the occurrence of @entity3749 and the distribution of dairy farming. The nomadic Nenets have been @entity4378 herders for generations and have therefore not consumed any dairy products. The hypotheses here was that the prevalence of @entity290 non-persistence (-13910 C/C genotype) among Nenets @entity1 having four Nenets grandparents is high, while the prevalence among Nenets originating from ethnically mixed families is lower. STUDY DESIGN: The material was collected in four typical Nenets settlements in the Nenets Autonomous Okrug in Russia. One-third of the adult Nenets population were invited to answer a questionnaire and to donate buccal samples for genotyping by a doctor from the team of medical professionals who make rounds in this area. The total number of available @entity1 was 177. METHODS: Genotyping was performed with the AbiPrism system. We used the method of concordance of grandparents' national origin to ascribe ethnicity. RESULTS: The prevalence of adult-type @entity3749 (-13910 C/C) among Nenets who had four Nenets grandparents was found to be 90%. The figures among others reporting three, two and one grandparent of Nenets origin were 72, 60 and 28%, respectively. CONCLUSION: The findings are in accord with the cultural historical hypothesis.

title: High prevalence of XXXX non-persistence among indigenous nomadic Nenets, north-west Russia.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'people']

entities_list: @entity3749 :: ('MESH:D007787', 'Disease') :: ['hypolactasia']

answer: @entity290 :: (3938,Gene) :: ['lactase']


abstract: In @entity5506 autoantibodies against erythrocytes lead to increased clearance of the erythrocytes, which in turn results in a potentially fatal @entity5714 . Depending on whether IgG or IgM antibodies are involved, response to therapy is different. Proper identification of the isotype of the anti-erythrocyte autoantibodies is, therefore, crucial. However, detection of IgM autoantibodies can be challenging. We, therefore, set out to improve the detection of anti-erythrocyte IgM. Direct detection using a flow cytometry-based approach did not yield satisfactory improvements. Next, we analyzed whether the presence of @entity4417 on a @entity1 's erythrocytes could be used for indirect detection of anti-erythrocyte IgM. To this end, we fractionated @entity1 ' sera by size exclusion chromatography and tested which fractions yielded complement deposition on erythrocytes. Strikingly, we found that all @entity1 with C3 on their erythrocytes according to standard diagnostic tests had an IgM anti-erythrocyte component that could activate complement, even if no such autoantibody had been detected with any other test. This also included all tested @entity1 with only IgG and C3 on their erythrocytes, who would previously have been classified as having an IgG-only mediated @entity5506 . Depleting @entity1 ' sera of either IgG or IgM and testing the remaining complement activation confirmed this result. In conclusion, complement activation in @entity5506 is mostly IgM-mediated and the presence of covalent C3 on @entity1 ' erythrocytes can be taken as a footprint of the presence of anti-erythrocyte IgM. Based on this finding, we propose a diagnostic workflow that will aid in choosing the optimal treatment strategy.

title: Complement deposition in XXXX is a footprint for difficult-to-detect IgM autoantibodies.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5506 :: ('MESH:D000744', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune hemolytic anemia']

entities_list: @entity5714 :: ('MESH:D000743', 'Disease') :: ['hemolytic anemia']

answer: @entity5506 :: (MESH:D000744,Disease) :: ['autoimmune hemolytic anemia']


abstract: @entity674 ( @entity674 ) are the most common @entity361 of the digestive tract. These @entity5 span a wide clinical spectrum from benign to malignant and have long been recognized for their nearly absolute resistance to chemotherapy and radiation treatment. We reviewed the worldwide experience on @entity677 diagnosis, prognosis and treatment and describe our own series. PubMed was searched for references using the terms @entity674 , @entity677 and @entity344 . Recent reports were given emphasis because @entity677 is a novel clinical entity and older published work on @entity344 might be contaminated with other histologic @entity5 types. At present, surgery is the standard treatment for primary resectable @entity677 . To increase the activity of conventional chemotherapeutic agents, locoregional therapies are being implemented in the clinical setting. A major breakthrough is the development of a new class of anticancer agents targeting @entity5 -specific @entity74 . Preliminary results on administration of @entity2213 , a signal transduction inhibitor, are particularly encouraging, showing potent activity of this drug against metastatic @entity677 . Molecular targeting of the critical pathogenetic mechanism underlying @entity677 might not only revolutionize the strategy to treat locally advanced and metastatic @entity677 but also improve disease control after macroscopically radical surgery.

title: XXXX : from a surgical to a molecular approach.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal sarcoma', 'gastrointestinal sarcomas']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['molecular abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity674 :: ('MESH:D046152', 'Disease') :: ['GISTs', 'gastrointestinal stromal tumor', 'Gastrointestinal stromal tumors']

entities_list: @entity361 :: ('MESH:C535700', 'Disease') :: ['mesenchymal tumors']

entities_list: @entity2213 :: ('MESH:C097613', 'Chemical') :: ['imatinib mesylate']

answer: @entity674 :: (MESH:D046152,Disease) :: ['Gastrointestinal stromal tumors']


abstract: Exposure to @entity3280 via inhalation or intratracheal instillation results in @entity3126 , which is followed by the influx of leukocytes, the proliferation of type II pneumocytes and eventual scarring and fibrotic changes. While the general toxic effects of @entity3280 in the lung have been well characterized, the specific molecular mechanisms underlying these effects have yet to be elucidated. Previously we have shown that @entity3280 can disrupt the adhering junctions between various types of epithelial and endothelial cells in culture, most likely by perturbing the function of the @entity141 dependent cell adhesion molecules @entity3112 and @entity7112 respectively. The objectives of this study were to determine whether respiratory exposure to @entity3280 can alter the localization of @entity3112 and @entity7112 in the lung, and to determine whether this effect may play a role in the acute pneumotoxic response to @entity3280 . Male CF-1 @entity19 were exposed to @entity10278 (0, 16.25, 32.5, 65 or 130 nmoles in 50 microl saline) via intratracheal instillation. After 24 hours, the lungs were removed and either subjected to bronchoalveolar lavage or analyzed for histopathologic changes. The results showed that @entity3280 caused an increase in lung weight and in the protein content of the lavage fluid. These effects were accompanied by a pronounced decrease in the amount of @entity3112 in epithelial cells of the alveoli and small bronchioles and of @entity7112 in vascular endothelial cells. Assessment of cell membrane integrity with @entity5611 homodimer-1 showed no evidence of severe @entity204 in alveolar epithelial cells. These findings suggest that @entity3112 and @entity7112 may be important early targets of @entity3280 @entity137 in the lung.

title: Effects of cadmium on @entity3112 and @entity7112 in XXXX lung.

entities_list: @entity3126 :: ('MESH:D011654', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary edema']

entities_list: @entity5611 :: ('MESH:D004996', 'Chemical') :: ['ethidium']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['injury or death']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: The purpose of this paper is to review the results and limitations of studies of injury risks associated with @entity835 and @entity2072 use. Three types of fatal and non-fatal @entity130 are considered: @entity130 due to collisions, intentional @entity130 and @entity130 in general. Four types of studies were reviewed: (I) laboratory studies, (II) descriptive and analytic epidemiological studies on the prevalence of @entity835 or @entity2072 use through drug testing of those injured, (III) studies of non-clinical samples, and (IV) studies of clinical samples of drug users. The research that utilized drug tests showed similar proportions testing positive for @entity835 in fatal and non-fatal injury groups, and for collisions, violence and @entity130 in general. By contrast, large differences in the average proportions testing positive for @entity2072 were found among these same injury groups. For example, 28.7% of @entity1 with intentional @entity130 (primarily homicides) tested positive for @entity2072 , while 4.5% of injured drivers tested positive. Studies of non-clinical samples have shown that both @entity835 and @entity2072 use are related to intentional @entity130 and @entity130 in general. Results indicate higher risk for all types of @entity130 among @entity835 and @entity2072 clients in treatment. Strengths and limitations of the different types of studies are discussed. More rigorous studies are needed which should focus on ruling out alternative explanations for relationships between drug use and @entity130 .

title: Injury risk associated with XXXX and @entity2072 use.

entities_list: @entity835 :: ('MESH:D002189', 'Disease') :: ['cannabis']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['injuries']

answer: @entity835 :: (MESH:D002189,Disease) :: ['cannabis']


abstract: @entity842 (NO)-releasing @entity117 (ASA), consisting of a traditional ASA molecule to which a NO-donating moiety is covalently bound, is a promising @entity694 chemopreventive agent. @entity30664 inhibits @entity694 cell growth more potently than ASA by inhibiting cell proliferation and enhancing cell killing. We examined in cultured @entity1 @entity694 cells the effect of @entity30664 on the beta-catenin/T-cell factor signaling pathway, nuclear factor-kappaB, and NO synthase 2 and on cyclooxygenase (COX) expression, all presumed to participate in @entity694 . Besides inhibiting cell growth, @entity30664 inhibited the beta-catenin/T-cell factor signaling pathway (IC(50), 1.1 microM), nuclear factor-kappaB DNA binding (IC(50), 7.5 microM), and NO synthase 2 expression (IC(50), 2 microM). Interestingly, @entity30664 induced @entity2247 expression, although it had no effect on @entity9859 . @entity2247 induction was accompanied by increased @entity1421 production. These effects occurred at @entity30664 concentrations below or near its IC(50) for cell growth (IC(50), 2-50 microM). The metabolism of @entity30664 by these cells is characterized by a rapid deacetylation step and the formation of a conjugate with @entity2041 . @entity30664 had no effect on intracellular @entity8262 concentrations. We propose a model incorporating the pleiotropic effects of @entity30664 on cell signaling and postulate that collectively these effects may contribute to its strong chemopreventive effect.

title: Growth inhibition of @entity1 @entity694 cells by XXXX (NO)-donating @entity117 is associated with cyclooxygenase-2 induction and beta-catenin/T-cell factor signaling, nuclear factor-kappaB, and NO synthase 2 inhibition: implications for chemoprevention.

entities_list: @entity1421 :: ('MESH:D015232', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandin E(2)']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity2041 :: ('MESH:D005978', 'Chemical') :: ['glutathione']

entities_list: @entity8262 :: ('MESH:D006152', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclic GMP']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['Nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon carcinogenesis', 'colon cancer']

answer: @entity842 :: (MESH:D009569,Chemical) :: ['nitric oxide']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Extracellular microRNAs (miRNAs) embedded in circulating exosomes may serves as prognostic biomarkers in @entity5 . OBJECTIVE: To identify and evaluate plasma exosomal miRNAs for prognosis in @entity263 ( @entity263 ). DESIGN, SETTING, AND @entity1 : RNA sequencing was performed to identify candidate exosomal miRNAs associated with overall survival in a screening cohort of 23 @entity263 @entity1 . Candidate miRNAs were further evaluated for prognosis using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction in a follow-up cohort of 100 @entity263 @entity1 . OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier survival analyses were used to evaluate survival association using candidate miRNAs along with clinical prognostic factors. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS: RNA sequencing in screening cohort generated approximately 6.80 million mappable reads per @entity1 . Of those with normalized read counts >=  5, 43% were mapped to miRNAs for a total of 375 known and 57 novel miRNAs. Cox regression analysis identified an association of @entity41177 , -1246, and -375 with overall survival (false discover rate < 0.05). Of those, higher levels of @entity41177 and -375 were significantly associated with poor overall survival (p < 0.004) in the follow-up cohort. Incorporation of @entity41177 /-375 into putative clinical prognostic factors-based models in @entity263 stage significantly improved predictive performance with a time-dependent area under the curve increase from 0.66 to 0.73 (p = 6.57 * 10(-6)). CONCLUSIONS: Plasma exosomal @entity41177 and @entity26261 are promising prognostic biomarkers for @entity263 @entity1 . Prospective validation is needed for further evaluation of these candidate miRNAs. @entity1 SUMMARY: In this study, we evaluated whether small RNAs circulating in blood could be used to predict clinical outcomes in @entity5 @entity1 . We identified two blood-based small RNAs whose levels showed significant association with survival. Our results warrant further investigation because the noninvasive blood-based test has great potential in the management of @entity5 .

title: Exosomal @entity41177 and XXXX as prognostic markers in @entity263 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PARTICIPANTS', 'PATIENT']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['castration-resistant prostate cancer', 'CRPC']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'late-stage prostate cancer']

answer: @entity26261 :: (494324,Gene) :: ['miR-375']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: A link between the number of podocytes excreted in the urine and activity of @entity8 has been established. The aim of this study was to investigate possible correlations between urinary cells' phenotype and the progression of @entity628 ( @entity628 ). METHODS: Forty @entity1 with newly diagnosed @entity628 were included. Cells were isolated from urine by adherence to collagen-coated cover slips and assessed for the expression of @entity22462 ( @entity22462 ), @entity469 and Ki67 antigens by indirect immunofluorescence. In addition, double-staining procedures were performed in combinations of the above antigens plus cytokeratin, @entity8587 and CD-105. Twenty-two @entity1 in whom urinary protein to @entity1011 ratio exceeded 2.0 at diagnosis were followed for 36 months, with assessments of renal function and @entity644 every 3 months. During observation, @entity1 were subjected to standard therapy. RESULTS: Significantly higher numbers of Ki67 positive cells at the onset of the study were observed in @entity1 who have doubled serum @entity1011 (SCr) in follow-up, than in those who have not (p = 0.0149). By logistic regression analysis, both @entity469 and Ki67, but not anti- @entity22462 positive cell numbers at diagnosis were found to be predictors of doubling SCr concentration in 36 months' follow-up. Results of double staining indicate that @entity22462 positive cells could be identified as podocytes or their precursors and parietal epithelial cells. CONCLUSION: Urinary sediment @entity22462 positive cell numbers do not predict the progression of @entity628 , whereas @entity469 and Ki67 phenotype of urinary podocytic lineage clearly has a prognostic significance in 36 months' observation of primary @entity628 .    2015 S. Karger AG, Basel.

title: Expression of Cell Membrane Antigens in Cells Excreted in the Urinary Sediment Predicts Progression of @entity8 in XXXX with @entity628 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['glomerular disease']

entities_list: @entity628 :: ('MESH:D005923', 'Disease') :: ['focal segmental glomerulosclerosis', 'FSGS']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: AIMS AND BACKGROUND: There is a paucity of data regarding the incidence, intensity, and treatment of @entity390 and @entity391 during the intercycle periods of @entity7730 ( @entity7730 ). The aims of the study were to assess the incidence and intensity of intercycle @entity390 and @entity391 , to assess the use of rescue antiemetic medications, and to define the more uncomfortable symptom between @entity390 and @entity391 . METHODS: In a prospective study, 108 @entity7730 -naive @entity1 treated with highly or moderately emetogenic @entity7730 for different primary @entity5 were enrolled. All @entity1 filled out the Edmonton Symptom Assessment System tool before the first cycle of @entity7730 (T0) and on 14-16 days thereafter for the first 3 cycles of @entity7730 (i.e., T1, T2, T3). RESULTS: Sixty-seven @entity1 completed the study. During @entity7730 administration, all patients received antiemetics according to international guidelines. During the intercycle periods, @entity390 was reported in 6.0% of @entity1 at T0, 10.5% at T1, and 26.9% at T2 and T3, respectively. The intensity of @entity390 was mild for 6.0%, 21%, and 18% of @entity1 at T1, T2, and T3, respectively; moderate for 1.5%, 3.0%, and 6.0% at T1 to T3; and severe in only 3.0% of @entity1 at any time. Vomiting was present in 1.5% and 10.5% of @entity1 at T2 and T3. Rescue antiemetic medication was required for 41.8% at T1, 53% at T2, and 47.8% at T3. At the end of the study, 70.1% of @entity1 described @entity390 as the more uncomfortable symptom compared to @entity391 . CONCLUSIONS: Nausea has a higher burden of @entity391 and should be assessed and treated separately throughout multiple cycles of @entity7730 .

title: Nausea and vomiting during the first 3 intercycle periods in chemo-naive @entity5 XXXX receiving moderately/highly emetogenic therapy.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting', 'impact over vomiting']

entities_list: @entity7730 :: ('MESH:D064146', 'Disease') :: ['CHT', 'chemotherapy']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The @entity341 ( @entity341 ) is the portal of entry to the health care system for a large percentage of @entity1 . This is especially true for victims and perpetrators of interpersonal violence. Frequently, law enforcement personnel (LEP) accompany @entity1 to the @entity341 or seek access to @entity1 during their @entity341 stay or subsequent hospitalization. The time-sensitive nature of both emergency care and criminal investigation motivates both health care personnel and LEP, and can lead to potential conflicts of interest regarding access to @entity1 in the @entity341 . OBJECTIVES: We hope to examine the relationship among @entity1 , providers, and LEP in the @entity341 , and the potential impact these interactions have on @entity1 care. This article presents a review of the relevant literature and policy consideration as well as provides guidance on the development of such policies for EDs. DISCUSSION: Hospitals, EDs, and @entity130 resuscitation rooms are highly regulated environments, but LEP largely fall outside the ethical and institutional guidelines of health care institutions. Many potential areas of conflict exist when LEP are present in the @entity341 that can have detrimental effects on @entity1 care, provider liability, and LEP efficacy. @entity1 ' perceptions of collaboration between @entity341 personnel and LEP can compromise emergency @entity1 care. CONCLUSION: There is a need for hospital policies to govern interactions among @entity1 , emergency health care providers, and LEP in the @entity341 .

title: Managing Law Enforcement Presence in the XXXX : Highlighting the Need for New Policy Recommendations.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['ED', 'Emergency Department']

answer: @entity341 :: (MESH:D004630,Disease) :: ['Emergency Department']


abstract: Within a ten year period we have performed 433 radical operations on the rectum. An anterior resection of rectum was done in 110 cases, low anterior resection in 60 @entity1 , very low anterior resection was done by stapler in 32 @entity1 and was sewn by hand in 10 @entity1 . Colo-anal anastomoses were performed 86 times and abdominoperineal amputation of rectum sec. Miles 20 times. Local transsphincteric procedures were used 14 times. In 12 @entity1 the colo-anal @entity254 was performed either for recurrence of @entity5 or after a Hartmann's procedure. In the @entity189 of the lower half of the rectum there is still an unsolved question: whether to perform a low or a very deep low @entity254 or whether an extirpation of rectum with sparing the sphincters and sewing a colo-anal @entity254 is more beneficial. In the years 1980-1995 we treated surgically 64 @entity1 with a @entity5 in anal area. All @entity1 underwent preoperative radio- and chemotherapy. In our group @entity420 was demonstrated in 6 @entity1 , @entity957 in 48 @entity1 and squamous cells of the @entity189 in situ in 10 @entity1 .

title: XXXX of the rectum and anus.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Tumors']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate a technique for hysteroscopic diagnosis and management of a rare variant of @entity15993 ( @entity15993 ) in a virgin @entity1 . DESIGN: Presentation of a rare variant of @entity15993 and a step-by-step description of the technique using videos, images, and @entity357 (educative video) (Canadian Task Force classification III). SETTING: @entity15993 is a @entity154 of the urogenital tract, typically characterized by uterus didelphys, obstructed hemivagina, and @entity8 . Of @entity15993 cases, 11.5% are a rare variant of the syndrome, with a septate bicollis uterus and obstructed hemivagina. @entity15993 is often diagnosed in adolescent @entity1 and virgin @entity1 . Early diagnosis and treatment should be achieved using a convenient, minimally invasive, and effective surgical approach to prevent complications. INTERVENTIONS: A 14-year-old virgin @entity1 had @entity146 cyclic @entity1834 for 7  months. We made a diagnosis of the non-classic @entity15993 variant: septate uterus with double cervix, obstructed right hemivagina with @entity8795 , and @entity8 . Diagnostic hysteroscopy indicated a flat hemivaginal septum, left cervix, and uterine cavity, but no right cervix or other associated channel. Hysteroscopic incision of the bulging oblique @entity365 was performed medially from the most prominent point of the septum up to the left cervix and then down to the low edge of the oblique septum. An inflated Foley catheter was placed in the right hemivagina for 2  days to prevent adhesion of the incised septum. Surgery was successful, and the intact hymen was preserved. The @entity1 has been symptom-free for 4  months after surgery. CONCLUSION: Hysteroscopic incision of the oblique @entity365 is a convenient, minimally invasive, and effective approach for treating @entity15993 in adolescents with cyclic @entity1834 and @entity8795 .

title: Hysteroscopic Management of an Oblique XXXX in a Virgin @entity1 With a Rare Variant of Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich Syndrome.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['girl', 'patients', 'patient', 'girls']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['congenital anomaly']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['ipsilateral renal agenesis', 'unilateral renal agenesis']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive']

entities_list: @entity1834 :: ('MESH:D004412', 'Disease') :: ['dysmenorrhea']

entities_list: @entity357 :: ('MESH:D006551', 'Disease') :: ['title slides']

entities_list: @entity15993 :: ('MESH:D014898', 'Disease') :: ['HWWS', 'Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich syndrome']

entities_list: @entity8795 :: ('MESH:D006399', 'Disease') :: ['hematocolpos']

entities_list: @entity365 :: ('MESH:D014627', 'Disease') :: ['vaginal septum']

answer: @entity365 :: (MESH:D014627,Disease) :: ['Vaginal Septum']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: A retrospective monocentric clinical trial was performed to evaluate the efficacy of the association of @entity3927 and @entity396 for the management of @entity177 . @entity1 AND METHODS: Ninety-two @entity1 with @entity177 or anembryonic pregnancy were first treated with 600  mg of @entity3927 and 48  hours later with 400   g of @entity396 by oral administration. Successful treatment, defined as an empty uterus, was searched at day 3, with the association of @entity396 - @entity3927 alone or with complementary medical treatment, @entity2918 or ocytocine. RESULTS: The overall treatment success was 82% (75 of 92  @entity1 ) with 69 successful cases at day 3 (75%). Six of 92 @entity1 (7%) needed a second-line medical treatment. For the last 17  @entity1 (18%), the failure of the associated tested medical treatment lead to a secondary surgery. No prognostic factor for the successful medical treatment has been highlighted. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: A high efficacy for the management of @entity177 is demonstrated for the @entity3927 and @entity396 medical treatment. The specific contribution of @entity3927 , although proven in the cases of termination of evolutive pregnancies, should be further evaluated in the future for the specific management of @entity177 . Nevertheless, no prognostic factor for the success of the propose treatment can be determined, as the amount of @entity1 enrolled in this study was not sufficient.

title: [Association of XXXX and @entity396 for the medical management of @entity177 .]

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity396 :: ('MESH:D016595', 'Chemical') :: ['misoprostol']

entities_list: @entity2918 :: ('MESH:D011453', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandins']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['early pregnancy failure']

entities_list: @entity3927 :: ('MESH:D015735', 'Chemical') :: ['mifepristone']

answer: @entity3927 :: (MESH:D015735,Chemical) :: ['mifepristone']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We evaluated the effectiveness of interlocking intramedullary nailing in the treatment of humeral shaft @entity174 . METHODS: Forty-three @entity1 (30 @entity1 , 13 @entity1 ; mean age 42 years; range 20 to 83 years) were treated with interlocking intramedullary nailing for humeral shaft @entity174 . All @entity174 but one (type II open) were closed. Three @entity1 had radial nerve, one @entity1 had @entity4542 . As all the nerve lesions were assessed as neuropraxia, no immediate surgical exploration was performed. Intramedullary nailing was performed by closed (18 @entity174 ) and open technique (25 @entity174 ), with (n=22) or without (n=21) reaming. Functional evaluation was made according to the Constant-Murley's shoulder scoring system. The mean follow-up was 16.5 months (range 5 to 40 months). RESULTS: Radiologically, union was achieved in all @entity1 in a mean of 15.6 weeks. No surgery-associated nerve @entity130 were encountered. @entity129 resolved in all @entity1 in a mean of 12.5 weeks. No signs of rotator cuff impingement or restriction were detected in two @entity1 in whom the nails were placed high in close proximity to the shoulder girdle. Of these, one @entity1 underwent reoperation for the removal of the nail after the @entity174 union completed. Functional results were excellent in all @entity1 at the end of postoperative three months. No significant correlation was found between the techniques employed and time to union and functional outcome. CONCLUSION: Interlocking intramedullary nailing provides adequate fixation and early mobilization, and results in satisfactory radiographic and functional results in the treatment of humeral shaft @entity174 .

title: [Interlocking intramedullary nailing of humeral shaft XXXX in adults].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity129 :: ('MESH:D003389', 'Disease') :: ['Preoperative nerve dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'fracture']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['injuries or infections']

entities_list: @entity4542 :: ('MESH:D020425', 'Disease') :: ['radial and ulnar nerve dysfunction']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['fractures']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: : @entity3119 ( @entity3119 ) is one of the most common and disabling @entity146 . Treatment with selective @entity750 reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) shows significant improvement; however, residual symptoms remain in most @entity1 despite continued treatment. For partial or nonresponding @entity1 to multiple SSRIs, augmentation strategies are usually recommended. Here we present a consecutive sample of @entity1 with resistant @entity3119 treated with @entity14867 augmentation to SSRIs. METHODS: We present 10 @entity1 (5 males, 5 females) experiencing resistant @entity3119 . Subjects were treated openly for 6 weeks with @entity14867 200 mg/d as add-on, excluding 1 @entity1 who was treated with only 100 mg/d due to acute extrapyramidal adverse effect on a larger dose. Efficacy was assessed at baseline and after 6 weeks of treatment using the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale, Clinical Global Impression-Severity, and Clinical Global Impression-Improvement. RESULTS: The treatment was generally well tolerated without serious events. In all @entity1 , average Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale scores diminished from 25.3    5.96 points at baseline to 12.2    5.98 at the sixth week (P < 0.0005). Of 10 @entity1 , 7 had significant and partial improvement, and 3 @entity1 did not demonstrate any improvement. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment-resistant @entity3119 @entity1 positively responded and well tolerated @entity14867 add-on to their ongoing regular pharmacotherapy. This case series demonstrates that @entity14867 could be a promising optional therapy for @entity1 who have resistant @entity3119 . Further randomized controlled studies are necessary.

title: @entity14867 as Add-on Treatment for Resistant XXXX : Retrospective Case Series.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric disorders']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['serotonin']

entities_list: @entity14867 :: ('MESH:C012052', 'Chemical') :: ['amisulpride']

entities_list: @entity3119 :: ('MESH:D009771', 'Disease') :: ['Obsessive-compulsive disorder', 'OCD']

answer: @entity3119 :: (MESH:D009771,Disease) :: ['Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Percutaneous coronary interventions are almost always preceded by the loading dose of platelets inhibiter drugs such as @entity1397 or @entity3076 and followed by maintenance therapy to decrease the mortality and morbidity due to stent @entity715 . This study was conducted to compare the efficacy of @entity1397 and @entity3076 for inhibiting @entity1423 among @entity1 undergoing elective percutaneous coronary intervention. METHODS: This randomized controlled trial study was done in Department of Cardiology, Postgraduate Medical Institute Govt. Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar. A total of 148 @entity1 were randomly allocated to either group-A containing 74 @entity1 using @entity1397 or group-B containing 74 @entity1 using @entity3076 RESULTS: Group-A had 55 (74.3%) male and 19 (25.7%) females while group-B had 56(75.7%) males and 18 (24.3%) females (p=0.85). Mean age was 54.9 +/- 11.2 years in group-A and was 57.7 +/- 8.7 years in group-B (p=0.09). Mean body weight was 71.8?6.4 Kg in group-A and 70.8 +/- 6.3 Kg in group-B (p=0.35). Mean Baseline @entity1423 before drug administration was 10.43 +/- 1.9 ohm in group-A while 10.12 +/- 2.2 ohm in group-B (p=0.36). Mean Follow up @entity1423 6 hours after drug administration was 5.88 +/- 2.9 in group-A while it was 3.47 +/- 1.8 ohm in group-B (p=0.001). Mean Difference between basal and follow up @entity1423 +/-SD was 52.9649 +/- 24.77 in group-A while it was 82.25 +/- 14.34 in group-B (p=0.001). 63(85.15%) of group-A had inhibition of @entity1423 >10% as compare to 72(97.3%) of group-B had inhibition of @entity1423 >10% (p=0.009). CONCLUSION: @entity3076 is more efficacious than @entity1397 in term of inhibition of @entity1423 .

title: ELECTIVE PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTIONS--A COMPARISION OF EFFICACY OF XXXX AND @entity3076 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3076 :: ('MESH:C408153', 'Chemical') :: ['prasugrel', 'Prasugrel']

entities_list: @entity1423 :: ('MESH:D001791', 'Disease') :: ['platelets aggregation', 'platelet aggregation']

entities_list: @entity1397 :: ('MESH:C055162', 'Chemical') :: ['clopidogrel']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

answer: @entity1397 :: (MESH:C055162,Chemical) :: ['CLOPIDOGREL']


abstract: @entity67011 ( @entity67011 ) is a novel bacterial outer membrane protein with IgD-binding properties. @entity67011 was purified from the respiratory pathogen @entity6729 and is here shown to have B cell stimulatory properties. Purified @entity67011 in the range of 0.01-0.1 microg/ml was optimal to induce a proliferative response in @entity1 PBL. @entity67011 coupled to @entity3367 and @entity406 -fixed @entity6729 preparations induced similar proliferative responses in PBL cultures. @entity67011 or @entity67011 -Sepharose stimulated purified @entity1 peripheral B cells as measured by proliferation. In contrast, @entity67011 or @entity67011 -Sepharose did not activate T cells. Preincubation of purified B cells with anti-IgD Abs inhibited @entity67011 -Sepharose-induced B cell proliferation. The addition of @entity3646 specifically induced @entity650 production in @entity67011 -Sepharose-activated B cells. IgM secretion was detected in B cell cultures stimulated with @entity67011 or @entity67011 -Sepharose and @entity1199 for 10 days. Secretion of IgG and IgA was efficiently induced in cultures from purified B cells stimulated with the combination of @entity67011 or @entity67011 -Sepharose and @entity3646 , @entity688 , and soluble @entity2936 ligand, suggesting that Th2-derived cytokines were required for optimal plasma cell generation. Taken together, @entity67011 has properties that make it an important tool to study IgD-targeted activation of B cells.

title: The novel IgD binding protein from @entity6729 induces XXXX B lymphocyte activation and Ig secretion in the presence of Th2 cytokines.

entities_list: @entity406 :: ('MESH:D005557', 'Chemical') :: ['formalin']

entities_list: @entity3367 :: ('MESH:D012685', 'Chemical') :: ['Sepharose']

entities_list: @entity6729 :: ('480', 'Species') :: ['M. catarrhalis', 'Moraxella catarrhalis']

entities_list: @entity67011 :: ('MESH:D045828', 'Disease') :: ['MID', 'Moraxella IgD binding protein']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: A comprehensive prognostic index that includes clinical (i.e., age, sex, ECOG performance status), serum (i.e.,   2 -microglobulin, @entity1014 kinase [TK]) and molecular (i.e., IGVH mutational status, @entity37307 , del 11q) markers developed by the German @entity1072 Study Group (GCLLSG) was externally validated in a prospective, community-based cohort consisting of 338 @entity1 with early @entity1072 ( @entity1072 ) using as end-point the @entity34 ( @entity34 ). Because serum TK was not available a slightly modified version of the model based on 7 instead of 8 prognostic variables was used. By German index, 62.9% of @entity1 were scored as having low-risk @entity1072 (score 0-2) whereas 37.1% had intermediate-risk @entity1072 (score 3-5). This stratification translated into a significant difference in the @entity34 [HR = 4.21; 95% C.I. (2.71-6.53); P<0.0001]. Also the 2007 MD Anderson @entity5 Center (MDACC) score, barely based on traditional clinical parameters, showed comparable reliability [HR = 2,73; 95% C.I. (1.79-4.17); P<0.0001]. A comparative performance assessment between the two models revealed that prediction of the @entity34 was more accurate with German score. The c-statistic of the MDACC model was 0.65 (range,0.53-0.78) a level below that of the German index [0.71 (range, 0.60-0.82)] and below the accepted 0.7 threshold necessary to have value at the individual @entity1 level. Results of this external comparative validation analysis strongly support the German score as the benchmark for comparison of any novel prognostic scheme aimed at evaluating the @entity34 in @entity1 wirh early @entity1072 even when a modified version which does not include TK is utilized. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Unavailability of XXXX kinase does not preclude the use of german comprehensive prognostic index. results of an external validation analysis in early chonic lymphocytic leukemia and comparison with md anderson @entity5 center model.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cancer']

entities_list: @entity1072 :: ('MESH:D015451', 'Disease') :: ['CLL', 'chronic lymphocytic leukemia']

entities_list: @entity1014 :: ('MESH:D013936', 'Chemical') :: ['thymidine']

entities_list: @entity34 :: ('MESH:D016609', 'Disease') :: ['time to first treatment', 'TTFT']

answer: @entity1014 :: (MESH:D013936,Chemical) :: ['thymidine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Elevated plasma @entity1255 is a risk factor for @entity4288 , but a cause-and-effect relationship remains to be fully established. @entity409 , an early event in the atherogenic process, has been shown to be associated with @entity3562 in experimental and @entity1 studies. To further establish a direct relationship between changes in plasma @entity1255 and @entity409 , we investigated whether moderate @entity3562 induced by an oral @entity1853 load would acutely impair flow-mediated endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in healthy adults. METHODS AND RESULTS: Twenty-four healthy volunteers completed a randomized crossover study in which an oral @entity1853 load (0.1 g/kg) was administered on 1 of 2 study days, 7 days apart. At each visit, plasma @entity1255 and brachial artery endothelium-dependent and -independent dilatation were measured at baseline and at 4 hours. To further elucidate the temporal relationship between @entity1853 , @entity1255 , and endothelial function, an oral @entity1853 load was administered in 10 subjects on a separate visit, and the time courses of plasma @entity1853 , @entity1255 , and flow-mediated brachial artery dilatation were measured at baseline and after 1, 2, 3, 4, and 8 hours. After oral @entity1853 , plasma @entity1255 increased from 7. 9+/-2.0 micromol/L at baseline to 23.1+/-5.4 micromol/L at 4 hours (P<0.0001, n=24) and was associated with a decrease in flow-mediated brachial artery dilatation from 0.12+/-0.09 to 0.06+/-0.09 mm (P<0. 05). The time course of the impairment of flow-mediated vasodilatation mirrored the time course of the increase in @entity1255 concentration. CONCLUSIONS: Oral @entity1853 loading raises plasma @entity1255 and impairs flow-mediated endothelium-dependent vasodilatation. This supports the view that @entity1255 may promote @entity455 by inducing @entity409 .

title: XXXX after an oral @entity1853 load acutely impairs endothelial function in healthy adults.

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular disease']

entities_list: @entity1255 :: ('MESH:D006710', 'Chemical') :: ['homocysteine']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['endothelial dysfunction', 'Endothelial dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1853 :: ('MESH:D008715', 'Chemical') :: ['methionine']

entities_list: @entity3562 :: ('MESH:D020138', 'Disease') :: ['hyperhomocysteinemia']

entities_list: @entity4288 :: ('MESH:D001161', 'Disease') :: ['arteriosclerosis']

answer: @entity3562 :: (MESH:D020138,Disease) :: ['Hyperhomocysteinemia']