abstract: INTRODUCTION: Stem cell therapy used in clinical application of @entity571 in veterinary medicine typically involves intra-articular injection of the cells, however the effect of an osteoarthritic environment on the fate of the cells has not been investigated. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: Assess the viability of adipose derived stromal cells following exposure to osteoarthritic joint fluid. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Adipose derived stromal cells (ASCs) were derived from falciform adipose tissue of five adult @entity235 , and osteoarthritic synovial fluid (SF) was obtained from ten @entity1 undergoing surgical intervention on orthopedic diseases with @entity571 . Normal synovial fluid was obtained from seven adult @entity235 from an unrelated study. ASCs were exposed to the following treatment conditions: culture medium, normal SF, @entity12897 , or serial dilutions of 1:1 to 1:10 of @entity12897 with media. Cells were then harvested and assessed for viability using @entity3460 dye exclusion. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in the viability of cells in culture medium or normal SF. Significant differences were found between cells exposed to any concentration of @entity12897 and normal SF and between cells exposed to undiluted @entity12897 and all serial dilutions. Subsequent dilutions reduced @entity137 . CONCLUSIONS: Osteoarthritic synovial fluid in this ex vivo experiment is cytotoxic to ASCs, when compared with normal synovial fluid. Current practice of direct injection of ASCs into @entity2720 should be re-evaluated to determine if alternative means of administration may be more effective.

title: @entity235 adipose-derived stromal cell viability following exposure to synovial fluid from XXXX .

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['secondary osteoarthritis', 'osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity12897 :: ('MESH:D013581', 'Disease') :: ['osteoarthritic SF']

entities_list: @entity3460 :: ('MESH:D014343', 'Chemical') :: ['trypan blue']

entities_list: @entity2720 :: ('MESH:D007592', 'Disease') :: ['osteoarthritic joints']

answer: @entity2720 :: (MESH:D007592,Disease) :: ['osteoarthritic joints']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Skipping breakfast has been consistently associated with high HbA1c and postprandial @entity4854 (PPHG) in @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 . Our aim was to explore the effect of skipping breakfast on glycemia after a subsequent isocaloric (700 kcal) lunch and dinner. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: In a crossover design, 22 @entity1 with @entity6 with a mean @entity6 duration of 8.4    0.7 years, age 56.9    1.0 years, BMI 28.2    0.6 kg/m(2), and HbA1c 7.7    0.1% (61    0.8 mmol/mol) were randomly assigned to two test days: one day with breakfast, lunch, and dinner (YesB) and another with lunch and dinner but no breakfast (NoB). Postprandial plasma @entity413 , insulin, C-peptide, free @entity1718 (FFA), glucagon, and intact glucagon-like peptide-1 (iGLP-1) were assessed. RESULTS: Compared with YesB, lunch area under the curves for 0-180 min (AUC0-180) for plasma @entity413 , FFA, and glucagon were 36.8, 41.1, and 14.8% higher, respectively, whereas the AUC0-180 for insulin and iGLP-1 were 17% and 19% lower, respectively, on the NoB day (P < 0.0001). Similarly, dinner AUC0-180 for @entity413 , FFA, and glucagon were 26.6, 29.6, and 11.5% higher, respectively, and AUC0-180 for insulin and iGLP-1 were 7.9% and 16.5% lower on the NoB day compared with the YesB day (P < 0.0001). Furthermore, insulin peak was delayed 30 min after lunch and dinner on the NoB day compared with the YesB day. CONCLUSIONS: Skipping breakfast increases PPHG after lunch and dinner in association with lower iGLP-1 and impaired insulin response. This study shows a long-term influence of breakfast on @entity413 regulation that persists throughout the day. Breakfast consumption could be a successful strategy for reduction of PPHG in @entity164 2 @entity6 .

title: Fasting until noon triggers increased postprandial @entity4854 and impaired insulin response after lunch and dinner in individuals with XXXX 2 @entity6 : a randomized clinical trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity4854 :: ('MESH:D006943', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemia']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity164 :: (MESH:D017827,Disease) :: ['type']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Surgical intervention is the gold standard of treatment for @entity15809 . The aim of this study was to examine the role of laser surgery in a large number of @entity1 with this pathological entity. The data of 91 consecutive @entity1 treated due to @entity15809 with the aid of @entity3627 laser in three institutions (Homburg/Saar and Marburg, Germany/Athens, Greece) during the last 10  years were retrospectively analyzed. Parameters examined were sex, age, preoperative symptoms, length of operation and complications, revision surgery necessity and degree of @entity1 satisfaction. All @entity1 had a minimum follow-up of one year. @entity1282 was the most common preoperative symptom (78  %). The most common minor complication was @entity8495 (6.6  %), but a serious complication in form of @entity2415 was observed in only two @entity1 (2.2  %). A surgical revision was necessary in 8 (8.8  %) of the treated @entity1 . The majority of treated @entity1 was free of symptoms (86.8  %), or presented mild symptoms (9.9  %) one year after intervention, and only three @entity1 (3.3  %) were dissatisfied. Our study shows that laser treatment of @entity15809 is an efficient operative technique associated with low complications rates and significant improvement of @entity1 ' symptoms in most of the examined cases.

title: Laser surgery for XXXX : European combined study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity8495 :: ('MESH:D018677', 'Disease') :: ['dental injury']

entities_list: @entity2415 :: ('MESH:D004646', 'Disease') :: ['emphysema']

entities_list: @entity15809 :: ('MESH:D016672', 'Disease') :: ["Zenker's diverticulum"]

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['Dysphagia']

answer: @entity15809 :: (MESH:D016672,Disease) :: ['Zenker's diverticulum']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity563 / @entity1889 kinases (STKs) have been found in an increasing number of prokaryotes, showing important roles in signal transduction that supplement the well known role of two-component system. Cyanobacteria are photoautotrophic prokaryotes able to grow in a wide range of ecological environments, and their signal transduction systems are important in adaptation to the environment. Sequence information from several cyanobacterial genomes offers a unique opportunity to conduct a comprehensive comparative analysis of this kinase family. In this study, we extracted information regarding Ser/Thr kinases from 21 species of sequenced cyanobacteria and investigated their diversity, conservation, domain structure, and evolution. RESULTS: 286 putative STK homologues were identified. STKs are absent in four Prochlorococcus strains and one marine Synechococcus strain and abundant in filamentous @entity1568 -fixing cyanobacteria. Motifs and invariant @entity1522 typical in eukaryotic STKs were conserved well in these proteins, and six more cyanobacteria- or bacteria-specific conserved residues were found. These STK proteins were classified into three major families according to their domain structures. Fourteen types and a total of 131 additional domains were identified, some of which are reported to participate in the recognition of signals or substrates. Cyanobacterial STKs show rather complicated phylogenetic relationships that correspond poorly with phylogenies based on 16S rRNA and those based on additional domains. CONCLUSION: The number of STK genes in different cyanobacteria is the result of the genome size, ecophysiology, and physiological properties of the organism. Similar conserved motifs and @entity1522 indicate that cyanobacterial STKs make use of a similar catalytic mechanism as eukaryotic STKs. Gene gain-and-loss is significant during STK evolution, along with domain shuffling and insertion. This study has established an overall framework of sequence-structure-function interactions for the STK gene family, which may facilitate further studies of the role of STKs in various organisms.

title: Genome-wide survey of putative XXXX / @entity1889 protein kinases in cyanobacteria.

entities_list: @entity1889 :: ('CHEBI:26986', 'Chemical') :: ['threonine']

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen']

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity563 :: ('CHEBI:17822', 'Chemical') :: ['Serine']

answer: @entity563 :: (CHEBI:17822,Chemical) :: ['serine']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity308 may be a predictor and consequence of @entity28 . However, available evidence for racial minorities has been inconsistent, and more prospective studies are needed. Thus, this study's objective was to examine whether depressive symptom severity is a predictor and/or consequence of total @entity1386 over a 9-year period in a representative sample of late middle-aged African-Americans. METHODS: A total of 410 @entity1 (aged 49-65 years; baseline) in the prospective cohort African American Health study were examined. Depressive symptom severity was assessed with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies- @entity308 Scale (CES-D). Total body fat percent (BF%) and body mass index (BMI; kg/m(2) ) were assessed. @entity2383 models were tested. RESULTS: All model fit statistics, other than   (2) , indicated good fit (RMSEA    <=   0.058, SRMR    <=   0.052, CFI   >=    0.95). Baseline CES-D did not predict 9-year changes in BF% (b   =   -0.01, P   =   0.78) or BMI (b   =   -0.01, P   =   0.77). Baseline BF% (b   =   0.05, P   =   0.39) and BMI (b   =   0.08, P   =   0.095) did not predict 9-year change in CES-D. CONCLUSIONS: Depressive symptom severity was not a predictor or consequence of excess total @entity1386 in late middle-aged African-American adults. Including a @entity308 module in @entity28 prevention and treatment programs specifically designed for late middle-aged African-Americans may not have a beneficial effect on @entity28 outcomes.

title: A 9-year, bidirectional prospective analysis of @entity308 and XXXX : The African American Health Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity1386 :: ('MESH:D018205', 'Disease') :: ['adiposity']

entities_list: @entity2383 :: ('MESH:D028361', 'Disease') :: ['Structural equation']

answer: @entity1386 :: (MESH:D018205,Disease) :: ['adiposity']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aims of the study were to identify the characteristics of elderly frequent attenders to the @entity341 ( @entity341 ) presenting with @entity662 and to assess the 1-year prognosis for developing adverse @entity299 . FINDINGS: @entity1 over 75  years old, with four or more attendances to the @entity341 between 1 January 2010 and 31 December 2010 with at least one attendance due to @entity662 , were selected from a database. Data was collected on demographic details, visit history, disposition and admission outcomes. Each @entity1 was followed up for 12  months after the index episode via the hospital electronic registry for adverse cardiac outcome. Adverse cardiac outcomes included @entity204 from @entity299 , @entity583 ( @entity583 ( @entity583 )/non- @entity583 (NSTEMI)) or unstable @entity951 . A total of 158 @entity1 with 4 or more visits to the @entity341 accounted for 290 visits with @entity662 during 2010. There is a high prevalence of coronary risk factors in this cohort ( @entity101 92.4%, hyperlipidaemia 65.2%, @entity6 49.4% and smoking 26.6%). The hospital admission rate was also high at 83.5%. Over the ensuing 12  months, 8 @entity1 died of a primary @entity299 and a further 29 @entity1 developed 36 non-fatal @entity299 . We could not establish any significant relationship between increase in adverse cardiac outcome and individual risk factors or even two or more risk factors (P   =   0.0572). @entity1 with two or more attendances with @entity662 were more likely to develop adverse cardiac outcome (P   =   0.0068). CONCLUSIONS: Elderly frequent attenders to the @entity341 , who present with @entity662 , have more cardiac risk factors and are more likely to develop adverse coronary outcomes if they re-attend with @entity662 .

title: Retrospective study of elderly frequent attenders presenting with @entity662 at XXXX .

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['chest pain']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['emergency department', 'ED']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac events', 'cardiac event']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['STEMI', 'acute myocardial infarction', 'ST elevation myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity341 :: (MESH:D004630,Disease) :: ['emergency department']


abstract: PURPOSE: Past classification for the treatment of @entity3762 depended simply on the measurement of distance between the knees, without attention to the rotational profile of the lower extremity. We retrospectively analyzed anatomical causes of @entity3762 . @entity1 AND METHODS: Twenty eight @entity1 with @entity3762 were included in this study. All @entity1 were surgically treated. To evaluate the @entity85 , a standing orthoroentgenogram was taken and the lateral distal femoral angle and the medial proximal tibial angle were measured. In order to assess any accompanying @entity85 , both femoral anteversion and tibial external rotation were measured using computerized tomographic scans. A derotational osteotomy was performed at the femur or tibia to correct @entity717 , and a correctional osteotomy was performed at the tibia to correct @entity85 . RESULTS: Satisfactory functional results were obtained in all cases. Genu vara was divided into 3 groups according to the nature of the deformity; group 1 (6 @entity1 ) with @entity2096 , group 2 (10 @entity1 ) with proximal @entity85 alone, and group 3 (12 @entity1 ) with proximal @entity85 accompanied by increased external @entity717 . CONCLUSION: The success seen in our cases highlights the importance of an accurate preoperative analysis that accounts for both @entity717 that may underlie @entity3762 .

title: A new classification for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity2096 :: ('MESH:D020428', 'Disease') :: ['increased femoral anteversion']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['rotational deformity', 'tibial rotation', 'rotational and angular deformities']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['torsional deformity', 'angular deformity', 'tibial varus deformity']

entities_list: @entity3762 :: ('MESH:C562694', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic genu vara']

answer: @entity3762 :: (MESH:C562694,Disease) :: ['idiopathic genu vara']


abstract: The purpose of this clinical study was to determine 1) whether high calorie diet gives any advantages for nutritional assessment and immunological functions after esophagectomy, 2) whether @entity18200 is useful to improve immunological parameters postoperatively and 3) which energy source is mainly utilized, fat or @entity413 , postoperatively. To accomplish the purpose of this study, three experiments were carried out. The subjects were 210 @entity1 with @entity418 . Exp. 1: Either high (over 40kcal/kg/day) or low (under 35kcal/kg/day) calorie diet was administered postoperatively. Exp. 2: 30% @entity18200 versus 22.6% @entity18200 diet was compared under high calorie diet. Exp. 3: 24% fat versus 13% fat diet was compared, giving high calorie diet with 30% @entity18200 . Nutritional assessment was done by postoperative performance nutritional index, @entity844 analysis, energy expenditure, @entity1568 balance and A-V difference of @entity493 and @entity1160 , and also immunological function by PHA, lymphocytes, NK activity of lymphocyte and leu 7 positive cells. Regardless of composition of TPN, high calorie diet improved nutritional assessment and immunological functions. A-V difference and fat combustion were improved with high fat diet in postoperative courses. It was concluded that high calorie diet with 30% @entity18200 and 24% fat was beneficial after esophagectomy.

title: [The effect of various compositions of TPN on nutritional and immunological assessment in @entity1 with XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity844 :: ('CHEBI:35366', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen']

entities_list: @entity1160 :: ('CHEBI:28300', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamine']

entities_list: @entity418 :: ('MESH:D004938', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal cancer']

entities_list: @entity493 :: ('CHEBI:16449', 'Chemical') :: ['alanine']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity418 :: (MESH:D004938,Disease) :: ['esophageal cancer']


abstract: Wolves ( @entity4883 ) in Italy represent a relict west European population. They are classified as vulnerable by IUCN, though have increased in number and expanded their range in recent decades. Here we use 17 years of monitoring data (from 1993 to 2010) collected in a mountainous region of central Italy (Arezzo, Tuscany) in an ecological niche-based model (MaxEnt) to characterize breeding sites (i.e. the areas where pups were raised) within home ranges, as detected from play-back responses. From a suite of variables related to topography, habitat and @entity1 disturbance we found that elevation and distance to protected areas were most important in explaining the locality of wolf responses. Rendezvous sites (family play-back response sites) typically occurred between 800 and 1200 m a.s.l., inside protected areas, and were usually located along mountain chains distant from @entity1 settlements and roads. In these areas @entity1 disturbance is low and the densities of ungulates are typically high. Over recent years, rendezvous sites have occurred closer to urban areas as the wolf population has continued to expand, despite the consequent @entity1 disturbance. This suggests that undisturbed landscapes may be reaching their carrying capacity for wolves. This, in turn, may lead to the potential for increased @entity1 -wolf interactions in future. Applying our model, both within and beyond the species' current range, we identify sites both within the current range and also further afield, that the species could occupy in future. Our work underlines the importance of the present protected areas network in facilitating the recolonisation by wolves. Our projections of suitability of sites for future establishment as the population continues to expand could inform planning to minimize future wolf- @entity1 conflicts.

title: Predicting the Spatial Distribution of Wolf ( XXXX ) Breeding Areas in a Mountainous Region of Central Italy.

answer: @entity4883 :: (9612,Species) :: ['Canis lupus']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The influence of excess body weight on the risk of @entity204 from @entity5 has not been fully characterized. METHODS: In a prospectively studied population of more than 900,000 U.S. adults (404,576 @entity1 and 495,477 @entity1 ) who were free of @entity5 at enrollment in 1982, there were 57,145 @entity204 from @entity5 during 16 years of follow-up. We examined the relation in @entity1 and @entity1 between the body-mass index in 1982 and the risk of @entity204 from all @entity5 and from @entity5 at individual sites, while controlling for other risk factors in multivariate proportional-hazards models. We calculated the proportion of all @entity204 from @entity5 that was attributable to overweight and @entity28 in the U.S. population on the basis of risk estimates from the current study and national estimates of the prevalence of overweight and @entity28 in the U.S. adult population. RESULTS: The heaviest members of this cohort (those with a body-mass index [the weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters] of at least 40) had @entity204 rates from all @entity5 combined that were 52 percent higher (for @entity1 ) and 62 percent higher (for @entity1 ) than the rates in @entity1 and @entity1 of normal weight. For @entity1 , the relative risk of @entity204 was 1.52 (95 percent confidence interval, 1.13 to 2.05); for @entity1 , the relative risk was 1.62 (95 percent confidence interval, 1.40 to 1.87). In both @entity1 and @entity1 , body-mass index was also significantly associated with higher rates of @entity204 due to @entity5 , colon and rectum, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, and kidney; the same was true for @entity204 due to @entity1893 and @entity1582 . Significant trends of increasing risk with higher body-mass-index values were observed for @entity204 from @entity5 of the stomach and prostate in @entity1 and for @entity204 from @entity5 of the breast, uterus, cervix, and ovary in @entity1 . On the basis of associations observed in this study, we estimate that current patterns of overweight and @entity28 in the United States could account for 14 percent of all @entity204 from @entity5 in @entity1 and 20 percent of those in @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Increased body weight was associated with increased @entity204 rates for all @entity5 combined and for @entity5 at multiple specific sites.

title: Overweight, @entity28 , and mortality from XXXX in a prospectively studied cohort of U.S. adults.

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer of the esophagus', 'cancers', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity1582 :: ('MESH:D009101', 'Disease') :: ['multiple myeloma']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ["non-Hodgkin's lymphoma"]

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['death', 'deaths']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity604 is a common and often debilitating condition that accompanies @entity1566 . Because @entity604 after @entity1566 is multifactorial, it can be difficult to assess and treat. This process becomes even more complex as secondary conditions associated with aging are introduced. PURPOSE: There are two purposes of this literature review. The first is to summarize information concerning the mechanisms of @entity604 and @entity170 after @entity1566 . The second is to summarize existing data concerning the effects of exercise on @entity604 after @entity1566 . METHOD: Literature was reviewed concerning the @entity604 process and the non-pharmacological treatment options for ameliorating @entity604 after @entity1566 . RESULTS: (Part One) @entity170 is universal in @entity1 with chronic complete @entity1566 , which increases the risk of @entity174 . @entity604 after @entity1566 is both sublesional and regional with the greatest areas of @entity79 being in the sublesional trabecular laden areas of the distal and proximal epiphyses of the femur and @entity2091 . (Part Two) While passive weight bearing of paralyzed lower extremities appears to be ineffective, stressing the bones through muscular contractions initiated by electrical stimulation (FES) have yielded positive results in some cases. The intensity, frequency, and duration of stress to the bones appear to be important determinants of improved bone parameters. Although further quantification of these components is needed, some generalized guidelines can be deduced from completed research. Intensities showing positive results have been loads of one to one and a half times body weight for FES exercise or having @entity1 FES cycle at their highest power output. Safety precautions must be used to decrease risk of @entity174 . Generally, the frequency is effective with three or more weekly exercise sessions. Studies of duration suggest that several months to one or more years of FES are necessary. DISCUSSION: In order to promote healthy and independent aging in @entity1 with @entity1566 , it is important to understand the processes, consequences and effective treatments involved with @entity604 .

title: The effects of XXXX and exercise on bone mass: a literature review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['bone fracture']

entities_list: @entity604 :: ('MESH:D016301', 'Disease') :: ['Bone loss', 'bone loss']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['Osteoporosis', 'osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone demineralization']

entities_list: @entity1566 :: ('MESH:D013119', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord injury']

answer: @entity1566 :: (MESH:D013119,Disease) :: ['spinal cord injury']


abstract: PURPOSE: To assess the visual utility values of @entity1 with @entity2194 and to compare these values with those of @entity1 with systemic health states DESIGN: Cross-sectional utility value assessment. METHODS: Consecutive @entity1 with @entity66 were interviewed in a one-on-one fashion using a standardized time tradeoff utility value assessment form. These values were compared with utility values for systemic health states present in the literature. INTERVENTION: None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Time tradeoff utility value on a scale ranging from 1.0 (perfect visual health) to 0.0 ( @entity204 ). The ophthalmic @entity1 groups were stratified into 4 visual groups dependent on the visual acuity in the better-seeing eye. The groups were as follows: group 1, 20/20 to 20/25; group 2, 20/30 to 20/50; group 3, 20/60 to 20/100; group 4, 20/200 to no light perception. RESULTS: A total of 500 subjects were enrolled in the study. The mean utility values for the visually stratified groups were: group 1, 0.88; group 2, 0.81; group 3, 0.72; group 4, 0.61. Comparable respective systemic health state utility values for each of the ophthalmic groups were: @entity6 , status after kidney transplantation, moderate @entity64 , and moderately severe @entity64 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity227 is associated with a substantial and measurable diminution in quality of life. This diminution in quality of life can be directly compared with that induced by systemic health states.

title: Quality of life associated with XXXX : a time tradeoff utility analysis comparison with medical health states.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2194 :: ('MESH:D005128', 'Disease') :: ['ocular disease']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['Visual loss']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['ophthalmic diseases']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

answer: @entity227 :: (MESH:D014786,Disease) :: ['visual loss']


abstract: @entity3191 ( @entity3191 ) are a rare entity of @entity1893 ( @entity1893 ). Despite the poor outcome after conventional chemotherapy, the impact of high-dose chemotherapy (HDCT) and autologous or allogeneic stem cell transplantation is not well defined in these @entity1 . In a retrospective study, we evaluated the outcome of 15 @entity1 (9 male, 6 female) with @entity3191 after HDCT with autologous (10 @entity1 ) and allogeneic (5 @entity1 ) stem cell transplantation between 1996 and 2001 at our department. At the time of transplantation three @entity1 were in second remission, seven @entity1 were in partial remission (PR), and three @entity1 had refractory disease. Two @entity1 were treated with sequential HDCT ( @entity786 , @entity632 , @entity1891 , @entity2879 , @entity617 , m-CHOEP). The conditioning regimes were heterogeneous. After HDCT ten @entity1 (67%, autologous 7, allogeneic 3) achieved CR, two @entity1 (13%, autologous 2, allogeneic 0) had refractory disease, and three @entity1 (20%, autologous 1, allogeneic 2) died because of toxic side effects before evaluation of response was performed. The median overall survival (OS) was 12 months. The 1-year probability of survival for the autologous and allogeneic groups was 58% and 40%, respectively. At the time of evaluation, six @entity1 are alive and nine @entity1 have died (four severe @entity281 , one late @entity137 , two disease progression, and two relapse). Despite the small number of @entity1 in this study, HDCT with autologous or allogeneic hematopoietic transplantation seems to be an effective treatment option that can achieve CR for @entity1 with @entity3191 . Because of the poor outcome of these @entity1 after conventional chemotherapy, HDCT seems to be a rational option in first-line therapy. Whether it improves survival in these @entity1 should be further investigated.

title: Treatment of @entity3191 ( XXXX ) with high-dose chemotherapy and autologous or allogeneic hematopoietic transplantation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['adriamycin']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity3191 :: ('MESH:D016411', 'Disease') :: ['PTCL', 'Peripheral T-cell lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity2879 :: ('MESH:D005047', 'Chemical') :: ['etoposide']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity1891 :: ('MESH:D014750', 'Chemical') :: ['vincristine']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ['NHL', "non-Hodgkin's lymphomas"]

entities_list: @entity617 :: ('MESH:D011239', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisolone']

answer: @entity3191 :: (MESH:D016411,Disease) :: ['PTCL']


abstract: PURPOSE: Laxative-refractory @entity4784 ( @entity4784 ) is defined as @entity4784 despite using 2 laxatives with a different mechanism of action (based on the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System level 4 term [contact laxatives, osmotically acting laxatives, softeners/emollients, enemas, and others]). @entity4784 has a significant impact on the treatment and quality of life of @entity1 with severe @entity1118 . This noninterventional, observational, real-life study in Belgium investigated the efficacy of prolonged-release @entity1288 / @entity1510 combination (PR OXN) treatment regarding @entity158 relief and @entity4784 compared with previous prolonged-release @entity1288 (PR OXY) treatment for laxative-refractory @entity4784 in daily clinical practice. METHODS: Laxative-refractory @entity4784 @entity1 with severe @entity1118 were treated with PR OXN for 12 weeks (3 visits). @entity158 relief (assessed on a numerical rating scale) and @entity4784 (assessed by using the Bowel Function Index [BFI]) were evaluated at each visit. A responder was defined as a @entity1 who had: (1) no worsening of @entity158 at the last visit compared with visit 1 or a numerical rating scale  <=4 at visit 3/last visit; and (2) a reduction in BFI >= 12 units at visit 3/last visit compared with visit 1; or (3) a BFI  <=28.8 at visit 3/last visit. FINDINGS: Sixty-eight laxative-refractory @entity4784 @entity1 with severe @entity1118 (mean (sd) age 59.8 (13.3) years, 67.6% female and 91.2% non-malignant @entity158 ) were treated for 91 days with PR OXN (median daily dose, 20 mg). Treatment with PR OXN resulted in a significant and clinically relevant decrease of @entity158 .1 units (P < 0.001; 95% CI, 1.66-2.54) and of BFI by 48.5 units (P < 0.001; 95% CI, 44.4-52.7) compared with PR OXY treatment; use of laxatives was also significantly reduced (P < 0.001). Approximately 95% of @entity1 were responders, and quality of life (as measured by using the EQ-5D) improved significantly. Adverse events were opioid related, and PR OXN treatment was well tolerated. IMPLICATIONS: Treatment with PR OXN resulted in a significant and clinically relevant reduction in @entity4784 compared with previous PR OXY treatment for these @entity1 with severe @entity1118 and laxative-refractory @entity4784 . Treatment with PR OXN also resulted in a significant improvement in @entity158 relief and quality of life. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01710917.

title: Treatment With Prolonged-Release @entity1288 / @entity1510 Improves @entity158 Relief and Opioid-Induced Constipation Compared With Prolonged-Release XXXX in @entity1 With Chronic Severe @entity158 and Laxative-Refractory Constipation.

entities_list: @entity1288 :: ('MESH:D010098', 'Chemical') :: ['oxycodone']

entities_list: @entity4784 :: ('MESH:D009293', 'Disease') :: ['opioid-induced constipation', 'OIC']

entities_list: @entity1510 :: ('MESH:D009270', 'Chemical') :: ['naloxone']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain']

answer: @entity1288 :: (MESH:D010098,Chemical) :: ['Oxycodone']


abstract: PURPOSE: Fatigue is a frequently reported symptom by @entity1 with @entity5 , but hardly any prospective information is available about @entity1295 while on treatment in the palliative setting. In a previous cross-sectional study, we found several factors contributing to @entity1295 in these @entity1 . In this study, we investigated the course of @entity1295 over time and if psychosocial factors were associated with @entity1295 over time. METHODS: @entity1 on @entity5 treatment for incurable solid @entity5 were observed over 6  months. @entity1 filled in the Checklist Individual Strength monthly to measure the course of @entity1295 . Baseline questionnaires were used to measure disease acceptance, @entity148 , @entity308 mood, @entity1295 catastrophizing, sleeping problems, discrepancies in social support, and self-reported physical activity for their relation with @entity1295 over time. RESULTS: At baseline 137 @entity1 and after 6  months 89 @entity1 participated. The mean duration of participation was 4.9  months. At most time points, @entity1295 scores were significantly higher in the group dropouts in comparison with the group participating 6  months (completers). Overall @entity1295 levels remained stable over time for the majority of @entity1 . In the completers, 42  % @entity4498 experienced severe @entity1295 , 29  % persisted being severely fatigued, and others had either an increasing or decreasing level. Of the investigated factors, low reported physical activity and non-acceptance of @entity5 were associated significantly to @entity1295 . CONCLUSION: A substantial number of @entity1 @entity4498 experienced severe @entity1295 and @entity1295 levels remained stable over time. For those who do experience severe @entity1295 , non-acceptance of having incurable @entity5 and low self-reported physical activity may be @entity1295 -perpetuating factors.

title: Fatigue and its associated psychosocial factors in @entity5 XXXX on active palliative treatment measured over time.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'advanced cancer', 'tumors']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity6 @entity4479 ( @entity4479 ) are at greater risk of @entity121 ( @entity121 ) loss and functional capacity (FC) decline than non-diabetics. Protein and energy intakes are important determinants of muscle mass and @entity121 maintenance and indirectly affect FC. The study sought to determine whether low protein and energy intakes were associated with FC decline and whether this association was mediated by @entity121 in @entity6 over a 3-year follow-up, in secondary analyses of the Quebec Longitudinal Study on Nutrition and Successful Aging. METHODS: In 172 @entity6 (62 % @entity1 , mean age  =  75  years), FC decline was defined as the change between SMAF (Syst  me de Mesure de l'Autonomie Fonctionnelle) scores at baseline (T1) and 3  years later (T4). Baseline adequate protein and energy intakes were set at >= 1  g/kg BW and >= 30  kcal/kg BW, respectively. Sex-stratified linear regressions were controlled for confounding variables. RESULTS: Mean body weight (BW) was 85.42      13.8 in @entity1 and 79.7      11.5 in @entity1 (p   <=  .001). Adequate protein intake in @entity1 was associated with lesser FC decline (mean      SE) (2.11      0.81 vs. 4.91      0.72; p  =  .029), while adequate energy intake was not associated with FC decline either in @entity1 or in @entity1 . In @entity1 , 1  g protein/kg BW helped maintain @entity121 , hence minimizing FC decline. CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate that protein intake is important in maintaining FC in @entity6 , albeit with sex differences. This study provides further evidence that protein requirements may be greater than the 0.8  g/kg BW currently recommended for @entity4479 . Future research in larger samples over longer follow-up is needed to confirm these results.

title: Energy and protein intakes and their association with a decline in functional capacity among @entity6 XXXX from the NuAge cohort.

entities_list: @entity4479 :: ('MESH:C538052', 'Disease') :: ['OA', 'older adults']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['MS', 'muscle strength']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetic', 'diabetic OA']

answer: @entity4479 :: (MESH:C538052,Disease) :: ['older adults']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine incidence of @entity2650 in @entity1 born as a result of assisted reproductive technology (ART). DESIGN: Prospective data collection. SETTING: Parents with various forms of @entity249 attended an in-hospital in vitro fertilization program. @entity1 : Two of the 53 male @entity1 , conceived as a result of ART over a 3-year period, were born with @entity2650 . INTERVENTIONS: @entity1 no. 1 underwent follicular stimulation (17 ampules of @entity1 menopausal gonadotropin (hMG), followed by 10,000 IU of @entity1 chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) 60 hours after the last hMG). @entity1 no. 2 underwent follicular stimulation with @entity4082 100 mg/d from days 3 to 7, followed by 14 ampules of hMG starting day 6, and 10,000 IU of hCG 30 hours after her last hMG. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: All @entity1 were examined in the immediate postpartum period for @entity154 . RESULTS: @entity1 no. 1, one of a set of dizygotic twins, had @entity12094 , with normal renal sonogram and chromosomal studies. @entity1 no. 2 had @entity2785 with the urinary meatus displaced to the border of the glans. CONCLUSION: This high incidence raises concern about possible links between assisted reproduction and @entity2650 .

title: XXXX after assisted reproduction incorporating in vitro fertilization and gamete intrafallopian transfer.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Infant', 'human', 'PATIENTS', 'infants', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['congenital anomalies']

entities_list: @entity249 :: ('MESH:D007246', 'Disease') :: ['infertility']

entities_list: @entity12094 :: ('MESH:C566526', 'Disease') :: ['penoscrotal hypospadias']

entities_list: @entity2650 :: ('MESH:D007021', 'Disease') :: ['hypospadias']

entities_list: @entity2785 :: ('MESH:D009375', 'Disease') :: ['glandular hypospadias']

entities_list: @entity4082 :: ('MESH:D002996', 'Chemical') :: ['clomiphene citrate']

answer: @entity2650 :: (MESH:D007021,Disease) :: ['Hypospadias']


abstract: Objective. The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate effect of Chinese medicine combined with conventional therapy on blood pressure variability ( @entity15882 ) in @entity101 @entity1 . Methods. All @entity922 ( @entity922 ) comparing Chinese medicine with no intervention or placebo on the basis of conventional therapy were included. Data extraction, analyses, and quality assessment were performed according to the Cochrane standards. Results. We included 13 @entity922 and assessed risk of bias for all the trials. Chinese medicine has a significant effect in lowering blood pressure (BP), reducing @entity15882 in the form of standard deviation (SD) or coefficient of variability (CV), improving nighttime BP decreased rate, and reversing abnormal rhythm of BP. Conclusions. Chinese medicine was safe and showed beneficial effects on @entity15882 in @entity101 @entity1 . However, more rigorous trials with high quality are warranted to give high level of evidence before recommending Chinese medicine as an alternative or complementary medicine to improve @entity15882 in @entity101 @entity1 .

title: Chinese Herbal Medicine Combined with Conventional Therapy for Blood Pressure Variability in @entity101 XXXX : A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity922 :: ('MESH:D013568', 'Disease') :: ['randomized clinical trials', 'RCTs']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVES: To compare the incidence of hypoglycemic events in @entity1 exposed to @entity7046 or @entity800 , and to measure the odds of experiencing a hypoglycemic event after receiving @entity7046 versus @entity800 while adjusting for confounders. DESIGN: Nested case-control study within a historical cohort. SETTING: A tertiary care, 730-bed, teaching hospital in central Illinois. @entity1 : Seven thousand two hundred eighty-seven hospitalized @entity1 who received @entity7046 or @entity800 therapy. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: A total of 113 @entity1 (case @entity1 ) had blood @entity413 levels below 51 mg/dl; 113 control @entity1 , matched for age and sex, had no @entity4053 . Matched conditional logistic regression models adjusted the odds of having @entity4053 for significant covariates. The 12-month incidence of @entity4053 was 11/1000 @entity1 after @entity800 administration and 21/1000 @entity1 after @entity7046 (absolute risk increase 10/1000 @entity1 , 95% confidence interval [CI] 4-16/1000). @entity177 , @entity1850 , and concomitant hypoglycemic drug therapy significantly predicted @entity4053 . After adjustment for significant predictors, the odds of having @entity4053 were 2.81 (95% CI 1.02-7.70) times higher after @entity7046 than @entity800 therapy. CONCLUSION: Among inpatients, the incidence of hypoglycemic events is greater after treatment with @entity7046 than @entity800 . The odds of experiencing hypoglycemic events are greater with @entity7046 even after adjusting for other @entity4053 risk factors, such as concomitant hypoglycemic drugs, @entity177 , and @entity1850 .

title: @entity4053 in inpatients after @entity7046 or XXXX therapy: nested case-control study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity7046 :: ('MESH:C078049', 'Chemical') :: ['gatifloxacin']

entities_list: @entity4053 :: ('MESH:D007003', 'Disease') :: ['hypoglycemia']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure', 'Renal failure']

entities_list: @entity1850 :: ('MESH:D018746', 'Disease') :: ['sepsis syndrome']

entities_list: @entity800 :: ('MESH:D015242', 'Chemical') :: ['levofloxacin']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity800 :: (MESH:D015242,Chemical) :: ['levofloxacin']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The C1q complement/TNF-related protein (CTRP) superfamily, which includes the adipokine @entity1254 , has been shown in animal models to have positive metabolic and cardiovascular effects. We sought to investigate circulating @entity34854 , @entity66117 , @entity66118 and @entity37323 concentrations in @entity1 with @entity6 ( @entity6 ), with age and BMI matched controls, and to examine the effects of a 2 hour 75g oral @entity413 tolerance test (OGTT) on serum @entity34854 , @entity66117 , @entity66118 and @entity37323 levels in @entity1 with @entity6 . DESIGN: Cross-sectional study [newly diagnosed @entity6 (n = 124) and control (n = 139) participants]. Serum @entity34854 , @entity66117 , @entity66118 and @entity37323 were measured by ELISA. RESULTS: Systolic and diastolic blood pressure, total @entity165 (TCH), Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)- @entity165 , @entity1674 , TCH/High-density lipoprotein (HDL) ratio, @entity1674 /HDL ratio, @entity413 , insulin, homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), @entity1851 and @entity25024 were significantly higher, whereas leptin and @entity1254 were significantly lower in @entity6 participants. Serum @entity34854 were significantly higher and @entity66118 significantly lower in @entity6 @entity1 . Age, diastolic blood pressure, @entity413 and @entity66118 were predictive of serum @entity34854 ; leptin was predictive of serum @entity66117 ; @entity413 and @entity34854 were predictive of serum @entity66118 ; @entity25024 was predictive of serum @entity37323 . Finally, serum @entity34854 were significantly higher and @entity66118 significantly lower in @entity6 @entity1 after a 2 hour 75g OGTT. CONCLUSIONS: Our data supports @entity34854 and @entity66118 as potential novel biomarkers for the prediction and early diagnosis of @entity6 . Furthermore, pharmacological agents that target @entity34854 and @entity66118 could represent a new strategy in the treatment of @entity6 .

title: Circulating C1q complement/TNF-related protein (CTRP) 1, @entity66117 , XXXX and @entity37323 concentrations in @entity6 : In vivo regulation by @entity413 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

entities_list: @entity25024 :: ('9388', 'Gene') :: ['endothelial lipase']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['type 2 diabetes mellitus', 'T2DM']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity66118 :: (388581,Gene) :: ['CTRP12']


abstract: AIM: A recent international study reported a higher prevalence of @entity354 with or without @entity292 ( @entity215 ) in Western Australia (WA). The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence and trends of @entity571 and/or @entity215 in WA, determine the proportion of cases with associated anomalies and explore the impact of time of diagnosis. METHODS: The study population comprised all @entity1 born in WA, 1980-2009, and registered with @entity571 and/or @entity215 on the WA Register of @entity600 (WARDA). RESULTS: @entity215 and @entity215 alone affect, on average, one in every 2927 births in WA, with a total prevalence of 3.00 and 0.42 per 10   000 births, respectively. The prevalence of @entity215 increased by 2.0% per annum, with only cases with associated anomalies (64% of cases) demonstrating an increase. @entity215 rates were stable. Among @entity215 @entity1 , the proportion of live births, stillbirths and elective terminations of pregnancy for @entity2241 (TOPFA) was 79%, 6% and 15%, respectively, whereas the majority (94%) of @entity215 only cases were live births. In 2000-2009, there was 30% fall in @entity215 live births with 61 (58%) cases diagnosed in first week of life, 10 (9%) prenatally and 34 (32%) at post-mortem only. CONCLUSIONS: A higher prevalence of @entity215 in WA was observed with increase over time attributable to increase with associated anomalies. Consistent reporting, availability of prenatal diagnosis and ascertainment of cases following TOPFA or post-mortem examinations can significantly affect prevalence of @entity571 and/or @entity215 .

title: @entity354 and XXXX in Western Australia: Prevalence and trends.

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['Developmental Anomalies']

entities_list: @entity292 :: ('MESH:D005402', 'Disease') :: ['tracheo-oesophageal fistula']

entities_list: @entity354 :: ('MESH:D005764', 'Disease') :: ['oesophageal atresia']

entities_list: @entity2241 :: ('MESH:D005315', 'Disease') :: ['fetal anomaly']

answer: @entity292 :: (MESH:D005402,Disease) :: ['tracheo-oesophageal fistula']


abstract: PURPOSE: This study was undertaken to evaluate the factors affecting the unused remaining volume of intravenous @entity1 -controlled analgesia (IV @entity5546 ) in @entity1 who had undergone laparoscopic gynecologic surgery. METHODS: We retrospectively collected @entity1 records from pre-existing @entity5546 log sheets from 98 @entity1 . Surgical factors and IV @entity5546 -related data including remaining volume, administration duration, early discontinuation (yes or no), and adverse reactions were recorded. Chi-square test, one-way analysis of variance, and multiple linear regression were applied for data analysis. RESULTS: The average age of the 98 @entity1 was 40.0      8.24 years. The incidence of @entity1209 ( @entity1209 ) and early discontinuation were not statistically significant among the different surgical groups (p  =  .540 and p  =  .338, respectively). Twenty-eight @entity1 wanted discontinuation of IV @entity5546 and the remaining volume was 33.6      7.8  mL (range 20-55  mL). The significant determinants of remaining volume were whether IV @entity5546 was discontinued due to @entity1209 and duration of surgery (p  <  .001). The surgical duration was inversely correlated with the remaining volume. CONCLUSION: Early discontinuation of IV @entity5546 due to @entity1209 is a major contributing factor to wastage of medicine. Prevention and treatment of @entity1209 is needed to encourage @entity1 to maintain @entity5546 use for @entity158 control.

title: Factors Affecting Unused Remaining Volume of Intravenous XXXX -controlled Analgesia in @entity1 Following Laparoscopic Gynecologic Surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1209 :: ('MESH:D020250', 'Disease') :: ['PONV', 'postoperative nausea and vomiting']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patient']


abstract: @entity5108 and @entity7577 ( @entity7577 ) are two frequent @entity1897 . CMT is characterized by slowly progressive @entity425 and @entity194 , primarily in peroneal and distal leg muscles. The most frequent form, CMT1A, is due, in most cases, to the duplication of a 1.5 Mb region on chromosome 17p11.2 containing the @entity12344 gene ( @entity12344 ). The phenotype seems to result from dosage of the @entity12344 gene. This hypothesis is reinforced by the existence of @entity7577 , which is clinically characterized by various recurrent @entity912 or sensory loss precipitated by minor @entity130 , which is caused by deletion of the same 1.5 Mb region in 17p11.2. In clinical practice, the detection of the duplication or the deletion in 17p11.2, which permits a positive diagnosis, is still performed by time consuming methods (Southern blot or various combinations of molecular tools). We developed a method for the rapid detection of 17p11.2 rearrangements, using "direct FISH" and PRINS analyses, which does not require cell culture. In a prospective study of 92 @entity1 with CMT and 38 with suspected @entity7577 , we compared this new technique to classical strategies like Southern blot. The results demonstrate the high sensitivity and specificity of the new FISH technique for the diagnosis of CMT1A and @entity7577 . Moreover, because of its simplicity and rapidity, this technique provides a useful alternative to the molecular approaches that have been used to diagnose segmental aneusomies, especially in the case of duplications that often go undetected.

title: Rapid detection of 17p11.2 rearrangements by FISH without cell culture (direct FISH, DFISH): a prospective study of 130 XXXX with @entity1897 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5108 :: ('MESH:D002607', 'Disease') :: ['Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease']

entities_list: @entity12344 :: ('5376', 'Gene') :: ['peripheral myelin protein 22', 'PMP22']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['weakness']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['hereditary motor and sensory neuropathies']

entities_list: @entity7577 :: ('MESH:C536965', 'Disease') :: ['hereditary neuropathy with pressure palsies', 'HNPP']

entities_list: @entity912 :: ('MESH:D010243', 'Disease') :: ['truncular palsies']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: AIM: We aimed to evaluate changes in insulin and glucagon secretion, as well as @entity413 levels, with a meal tolerance test ( @entity98 ) before and after 6  months of treatment with @entity12349 in a clinical setting. MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity1 were 15 @entity1 with uncontrolled @entity6 (glycated hemoglobin [HbA1c] over 6.9  % for more than 3  months). MTTs were conducted before and 6  months after addition of @entity12349 (50  mg twice daily [bid]). Blood samples were collected immediately before, @entity676  h after the test meal for measurement of blood @entity413 concentration, immune-reactive insulin (IRI), and glucagon. HbA1c was measured at 6  months. RESULTS: Mean age of @entity1 was 55.5      2.8  years, and ten (66.7  %) were male. Mean HbA1c significantly improved from 7.6 to 6.8  % at 6  months after addition of @entity12349 . Blood @entity413 at 1 and 2  h after the test meal was significantly reduced after addition of @entity12349 , while the reduction in glucagon showed borderline significance and IRI showed no difference. In a comparison of blood @entity413 -related parameters between subgroups based on median @entity413 change in area under the curve during @entity98 (  AUC0-2h), glucagon   AUC0-2h was significantly lower in the group with more improved @entity413 levels (  AUC0-2h  >= 65  mg/dL), but that of IRI did not differ. CONCLUSION: Suppression of glucagon release by @entity12349 may improve glycemic control without increasing insulin levels in @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 .

title: Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor ( XXXX ) improves glycemic control after meal tolerance test by suppressing glucagon release.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes', 'type 2 diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity12349 :: ('MESH:C502012', 'Chemical') :: ['vildagliptin']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity12349 :: (MESH:C502012,Chemical) :: ['vildagliptin']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity11 are @entity1313 deriving from the brain's glia cells. Primary treatment comprises resection, irradiation and chemotherapy, but these @entity5 almost always recur. In this situation, palliative chemotherapy is relatively well established, but a second local treatment is sometimes possible. We evaluated the safety and efficacy of re-irradiation in @entity1 with recurrent @entity11 . @entity1 AND METHODS: Twenty-two @entity1 were treated with a second irradiation for recurrent or progressive @entity11 . @entity1 either received hypo-fractionated stereotactic treatment or conventionally fractionated conformal therapy, depending on @entity5 size. Wherever possible, a second resection was performed. @entity1054 ( @entity1054 ) and survival were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier product-limit method. RESULTS: Median age was 31 (8-77) years. Median @entity1054 after onset of re-treatment was 4 (1-31) months. Median overall survival was 7 (1-46) months, and overall survival from primary diagnosis was 49 (7-136) months. Significantly longer @entity1054 (P = 0.008) and overall survival (P = 0.005) were observed in re-resected @entity1 than in those without a second surgical intervention. CONCLUSION: Re-irradiation in @entity11 is a feasible and safe treatment option, and the benefit appears to be especially large in re-resected @entity1 . To make a final conclusion possible, larger prospective trials are warranted.

title: Retrospective analysis of re-irradiation in XXXX : a single-center experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['brain tumors']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['Malignant gliomas', 'malignant glioma', 'glioma']

entities_list: @entity1054 :: ('MESH:D000377', 'Disease') :: ['TTP', 'Time to progression']

answer: @entity11 :: (MESH:D005910,Disease) :: ['malignant glioma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Limited sphincterotomy and endoscopic @entity384 (EPBD) is a low-risk method for the treatment of choleducolithiasis. Traditionally one minute ballooning time (BT) is applied; however, the effective BT is not clear. In this study, we compare five seconds and one minute ballooning time. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this single-blind, randomized, clinical trial 60 @entity1 with common bile duct (CBD) stones documented in ultrasonography or magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP), with no severe @entity99 , enrolled in the study. The @entity1 were randomly assigned to receive EPBD with either five seconds (n = 31) or one minute (n = 29) ballooning time (BT) after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and small sphincterotomy. Then stones were retrieved with an extractor balloon. The @entity1 were followed for 48 hours to check the possible complications. RESULTS: Successful CBD stone removal was the same in the five-second and one-minute BT groups (93.5% vs. 96.6%; P = 0.594). @entity788 occurred in three (9.7%) @entity1 in the five-second BT group and in six (20.7%) @entity1 in the one-minute BT group (P = 0.233). No @entity548 or perforation was noted. CONCLUSIONS: After a small sphincterotomy, EPBD in the five-second and one-minute BT groups had a similar efficacy. Small sphincterotomy combined with very short BT is a safe and effective method for CBD stone removal.

title: A comparative study of one minute versus five seconds endoscopic XXXX after small sphincterotomy in choleducolithiasis.

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['Pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['papillary balloon dilation']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic, biliary or systemic diseases']

answer: @entity384 :: (MESH:D002311,Disease) :: ['biliary balloon dilation']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 605 Background: Primary chemotherapy, as part of multimodality treatment, has become the standard of care for locally advanced @entity0 (LABC) to increase DFS, @entity3012 and conservative surgery. Stage III B is renowned as the worst of LABC, and despite appropriate therapy the majority of @entity1 (pts) will experience distant @entity3 and death within 2-3 years. The optimal regimen and schedule of primary chemotherapy is uncertain. Aim of our study was to verify the efficacy of an original @entity900 -based regimen (PEV) in terms of response and survival. METHODS: Between 1996 and 2001 72 consecutive III B pts were treated with primary chemotherapy: @entity900 50 mg/m2, @entity1259 100 mg/m2, @entity1206 25 mg/m2 every 14 (44%) or 21 (66%) days for 4 (33%) or 6 (67%) cycles, followed by surgery, radiation, adjuvant CMF 1, 8 q28 x 6 cycles + - @entity16235 . Median age was 50 y (29-70); 47% premenopausal; 75% T4 abc, 25% T4 d; 45% ER-; 69% PgR-; 46% Ki 67+; 40% G3; 87,5% clinical axillary nodes positive. RESULTS: All @entity1 underwent surgery ( 25% conservative); according to Sataloff's classification 28% had pCR (absence or minimal microscopic residual disease) and 72% had pTR (gross residual disease) in breast; 40% had complete clearance of axilla (pN0) and 60% had residual nodes @entity3 (pN+); 22% had pCR both in @entity0 . At median follow up of 52 months (22-87) DFS and @entity3012 were 64% and 76% respectively, significantly higher in pCR(85%and 95%) (p= 0.02) and in pN0 (83%and 90%) (p= 0.01) than in pTR(56%and 69%) or in pN+(51%and 67%). Moreover, Kaplan-Meier estimates showed a significant difference in @entity3012 between 6 (85%) and 4 cycles ( 58%) (p= 0.04); no statistical difference was seen between q14 /q21 groups. CONCLUSIONS: Primary PEV regimen, as part of multimodality treatment, appears to be highly active in terms of pCR, conservative surgery and survival rates in IIIB @entity0 @entity1 and cost-effective. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: Unexpectedly high survival rate in very poor prognosis stage III B XXXX @entity1 receiving @entity900 -based primary chemotherapy. A multicenter Italian study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer', 'breast and axilla']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin', 'Cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity1259 :: ('MESH:D015251', 'Chemical') :: ['Epirubicin']

entities_list: @entity1206 :: ('MESH:C030852', 'Chemical') :: ['Vinorelbine']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Serum @entity414 may predict the onset and progression of @entity8 , but it is unclear whether @entity414 is an independent risk factor for @entity2316 . Our aim was to study the relationship between @entity414 levels and the development of CKD components in @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 . DESIGN, SETTING, @entity1 , _ MEASUREMENTS: Longitudinal study of a cohort of @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 from the database of the Italian Association of Clinical Diabetologists network. From a total of 62,830 @entity1 attending the @entity6 centers between January 1, 2004, and June 30, 2008, we considered those with baseline @entity470 values >= 60 ml/min per 1.73 m(2) and normal albumin excretion (n=20,142). Urinary albumin excretion, GFR, and serum @entity414 were available in 13,964 @entity1 . We assessed the association of serum @entity414 quintiles with onset of CKD components by multinomial logistic regression model adjusting for potential confounders. We calculated the relative risk ratios (RRRs) for @entity470 <60 ml/min per 1.73 m(2), @entity633 , and their combination at 4 years. RESULTS: At 4-year follow-up, 1109 (7.9%) @entity1 developed GFR <60 ml/min per 1.73 m(2) with normoalbuminuria, 1968 (14.1%) had @entity633 with @entity470 >= 60 ml/min per 1.73 m(2), and 286 (2.0%) had @entity633 with @entity470 <60 ml/min per 1.73 m(2). The incidence of @entity470 <60 ml/min per 1.73 m(2) increased in parallel with @entity414 quintiles: Compared with the lowest quintile, RRRs were 1.46 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.14 to 1.88; P=0.003), 1.44 (95% CI, 1.11 to 1.87; P=0.006), 1.95 (95% CI, 1.48 to 2.58; P<0.001), and 2.61 (95% CI, 1.98 to 3.42; P<0.001) for second, third, fourth, and fifth quintiles, respectively. Serum @entity414 was significantly associated with @entity633 only in presence of @entity470 <60 ml/min per 1.73 m(2). CONCLUSIONS: Mild @entity5052 is strongly associated with the risk of CKD in @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 .

title: Serum @entity414 and Risk of CKD in @entity164 2 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity2316 :: ('MESH:D003928', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic nephropathy']

entities_list: @entity633 :: ('MESH:D000419', 'Disease') :: ['albuminuria']

entities_list: @entity5052 :: ('MESH:D033461', 'Disease') :: ['hyperuricemia']

entities_list: @entity414 :: ('MESH:D014527', 'Chemical') :: ['uric acid']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['Diabetes']


abstract: Human leukocyte antigens (HLA) are crucial components of host defense against microbial challenge but the associations of HLA types with oral infectious diseases have not been studied in detail. This prospective cross-sectional study examined associations of @entity33824 types with common @entity66 in a healthy Swiss adult population. 257 subjects (107 m, 150 f, mean age: 43.5 yr; range: 21-58 yr) with known @entity33824 profiles and comprehensive medical records were included. A thorough anamnesis was followed by oral examinations including saliva flow measurements, the DMFT score for cariological status, complete periodontal status with plaque and bleeding indexes as well as assessment of mucosal alterations and @entity1348 ( @entity1348 ). Student's t-test and Pearson chi-square test were utilized to compare the @entity66 between HLA positive and negative subjects. Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons was used and PBonf<0.05 was considered statistically significant. HLA types -B15 (PBonf=0.002), -B51 (PBonf=0.02) and - @entity1533 *12 (PBonf=0.02) were associated with less periodontal disease manifestations. HLA-A32 had a positive association with @entity1348 dysfunction (PBonf=0.012). No other statistically significant associations were observed. In conclusion, HLA types may contribute to the development of @entity66 in generally healthy Caucasian adults.

title: Associations of XXXX types with @entity66 in Swiss adults.

entities_list: @entity1348 :: ('MESH:D013706', 'Disease') :: ['TMD', 'temporomandibular dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['oral diseases']

answer: @entity33824 :: (3105;3106;3123,Gene) :: ['HLA-A, -B and -DRB1']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the validity of the recently developed American College of Rheumatology (ACR) nomenclature for @entity12319 ( @entity12319 ). METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional, population-based study covering an area with 440,000 @entity1 . A total of 46 @entity1 aged 16 to 65 years fulfilled the criteria for a definite diagnosis of @entity1252 . One control for each @entity1 matched by age, sex, education, and place of residence was randomly identified from the population register. All @entity1 and controls underwent a clinical neurologic examination and neuropsychological testing. The data were analyzed using conditional logistic regression methods. RESULTS: Forty-two @entity1 (91%) and 25 controls (56%) fulfilled at least one of the ACR @entity12319 criteria, which gave an odds ratio (OR) of 9.5 (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.2-40.8) but low specificity (0.46). @entity73 was the most common syndrome detected in 37 @entity1 (80%). A revised set of 16 criteria excluding the syndromes without evidence for @entity528 resulted in improved specificity (OR 7.0, 95% CI 2.1-23.5, specificity 0.93). CONCLUSION: The proposed 19 ACR criteria did not differentiate @entity1252 @entity1 from controls, nor @entity12319 @entity1 from other @entity1252 @entity1 . The revised @entity12319 criteria proposed by us performed well in our population but should be evaluated in a larger @entity1 population.

title: Validity of the new American College of Rheumatology criteria for XXXX : a population-based evaluation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'people']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['Cognitive dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['neuronal damage']

entities_list: @entity12319 :: ('MESH:D020945', 'Disease') :: ['neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus', 'NPSLE']

answer: @entity12319 :: (MESH:D020945,Disease) :: ['neuropsychiatric lupus syndromes']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The objective of this review is to describe @entity2167 (paracusias) associated with @entity2704 attacks to yield insights into their clinical significance and pathogenesis. BACKGROUND: Isolated observations have documented rare associations of @entity2167 . Unlike visual, somatosensory, language, motor, and brainstem symptoms, paracusias with acute @entity10 attacks are not a recognized aura symptom by the International @entity10 Society, and no systematic review has addressed this association. METHODS: We retrospectively studied @entity1 experiencing paracusias associated with @entity2704 at our center and in the literature. RESULTS: We encountered 12 @entity1 (our center   =   5, literature   =   7), 58% were female, and 75% had typical @entity2795 . @entity1833 most commonly featured voices (58%), 75% experienced them during @entity10 , and the duration was most often <1 hour (67%). No @entity1 described visual aura evolving to paracusias. Most @entity1 (50%) had either a current or previous @entity146 , most commonly @entity308 (67%). The course of @entity10 and paracusias were universally congruent, including improvement with @entity10 prophylaxis (58%). CONCLUSION: Paracusias uncommonly co-occur with @entity2704 and usually feature @entity1 voices. Their timing and high prevalence in @entity1 with @entity308 may suggest that paracusias are not necessarily a form of @entity2795 , though could be a @entity2704 trait symptom. Alternative mechanisms include perfusion changes in primary auditory cortex, @entity750 -related ictal perceptual changes, or a release phenomenon in the setting of phonophobia with avoidance of a noisy environment.

title: XXXX associated with @entity2704 : Case series and literature review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2795 :: ('MESH:D020325', 'Disease') :: ['migraine aura']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity2167 :: ('MESH:D006311', 'Disease') :: ['auditory hallucinations', 'migraine with auditory hallucinations']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric disorder']

entities_list: @entity1833 :: ('MESH:D006212', 'Disease') :: ['Hallucinations']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['serotonin']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache', 'Headache']

answer: @entity2167 :: (MESH:D006311,Disease) :: ['Auditory hallucinations']


abstract: Stimulation by specific allergens induces inflammatory cytokine production from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in @entity1 with @entity12131 , but the mechanism remains unknown. PBMCs were collected from six @entity1 with @entity12131 with an immunoglobulin E-radioallergosorbent test score to @entity8786 of > or = 4 and six nonatopic healthy subjects (score = 0) using a dish adhesion method after density gradient centrifugation. @entity7527 expression in PBMCs was analyzed by the fluorescence-activated cell sorting method. PBMCs were incubated with @entity8786 or lipopolysaccharide, and production of @entity5 @entity39 factor (TNF) alpha into the supernatant was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. After incubation, immunostaining nostaining of the PBMCs with @entity2451 ( @entity2451 ) antibody (anti- @entity9135 antibody against @entity9135 as the subunit of @entity2451 ) was performed, and @entity2451 activation in extracted nuclear protein was examined by electrophoretic mobility shift assay. @entity7527 expression was significantly higher in PBMCs from @entity1 with @entity565 than in the controls (p < 0.01). There was no significant difference in @entity310 production by lipopolysaccharide stimulation between the two groups, but @entity8786 -specific @entity310 production was significantly higher in subjects with @entity565 than in the controls (p < 0.05). A significant translocation of @entity2451 to nuclei by @entity8786 stimulation was observed in cells from subjects with @entity565 (p < 0.01). Our results indicated that @entity310 production was induced by @entity8786 in PBMCs of @entity1 with @entity12131 by the activation of @entity2451 via @entity7527 . In @entity1 with @entity12131 , @entity7527 -mediated signals may cause proinflammatory cytokine production, which may lead to airway @entity32 .

title: Production of XXXX by peripheral blood mononuclear cells through activation of nuclear factor kappa B by specific allergen stimulation in @entity1 with @entity12131 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity12131 :: ('MESH:C565292', 'Disease') :: ['atopic asthma']

entities_list: @entity2451 :: ('4790', 'Gene') :: ['anti-nuclear factor kappa B', 'NF-kappa B']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity8786 :: ('6954', 'Species') :: ['Dermatophagoides farinae', 'D. farinae']

answer: @entity310 :: (7124,Gene) :: ['TNF-alpha']


abstract: Many studies have demonstrated that microRNAs (miRNAs) may play vital roles in the development of @entity0 . The aim of this study was to examine the expression levels of @entity36221 in @entity1 @entity0 and investigate whether its potential roles involved targeting @entity588 . Real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to examine the expression levels of @entity36221 in 48 @entity0 specimens and six @entity0 cell lines. @entity98 assay, colony formation assay, and flow cytometry were conducted to explore the potential functions of @entity36221 in @entity1 MDA-MB-231 @entity0 cells. Correlation analysis and dual-luciferase reporter assay were performed to validate whether @entity588 was a direct target of @entity36221 . The effects of modulating @entity36221 on endogenous levels of @entity588 were subsequently confirmed via qRT-PCR and western blot. @entity98 assay, colony formation assay and flow cytometry were used to indicate the roles of endogenous @entity588 in @entity0 cells. @entity36221 expression levels were significantly decreased in @entity1 @entity0 specimens and cell lines (P<0.05). Overexpression of @entity36221 in @entity0 cells suppressed cell proliferation and induced apoptosis. Correlation analysis indicated that @entity36221 was highly inversely correlated with @entity588 protein expression in @entity0 specimens. Dual-luciferase reporter assays confirmed that @entity588 was a direct target of @entity36221 . qRT-PCR and western blot showed that @entity36221 negatively regulated @entity588 protein expression but had no impact on mRNA expression of @entity588 . Knockdown of @entity588 expression in MDA-MB-231 cells significantly suppressed cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis. Our study suggests that @entity36221 may act as a @entity0 suppressor through negative regulation of @entity588 protein expression at the posttranscriptional levels. Therefore, targeting @entity36221 may provide a novel strategy for the diagnosis and treatment of @entity1 with this lethal disease.

title: microRNA-497 induces cell apoptosis by negatively regulating @entity588 protein expression at the posttranscriptional level in @entity1 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: To examine the relationship between @entity5 and development of @entity9818 ( @entity9818 ), the medical records of @entity1 with known @entity9818 were examined in one institution from January 1981 to December 2002. Nine out of 93 @entity1 with the established diagnosis of @entity9818 had active @entity5 . All nine of those @entity1 had @entity2106 ( @entity2106 ). Among those @entity1 , two @entity1 received chemotherapy prior to the development of @entity2106 . Six of the seven @entity1 who received no chemotherapy had extensive @entity236 and secondary @entity4018 . There were two @entity1 each with @entity0 , and @entity5 . @entity417 and @entity882 with leukoerythroblastosis were prominent clinical features in all six @entity1 . Four @entity1 had neurological (mental) changes and three developed @entity221 , but none had significant @entity8 . Upon establishing the diagnosis of @entity2106 , four @entity1 were treated with exchange plasmapheresis (EP) and two @entity1 were treated with chemotherapy because there were no neurological changes. Three @entity1 achieved complete remission of @entity2106 , one with EP alone and two with chemotherapy. The one @entity1 who achieved remission with EP alone was later treated with chemotherapy and survived for 2 1/2 years. The other three @entity1 treated with EP alone died within 2 months after the diagnosis of @entity2106 . Since @entity2106 occurred in association with @entity236 and @entity4018 in six @entity1 among seven chemotherapy-untreated @entity5 @entity1 , this marrow change was considered to be the possible cause of the development of @entity2106 . It is recommended that all @entity5 @entity1 with unexplained @entity417 and @entity882 be evaluated for the coexistence of @entity236 and @entity2106 .

title: XXXX associated with @entity236 and secondary @entity4018 in @entity5 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity9818 :: ('MESH:D057049', 'Disease') :: ['TM', 'thrombotic microangiopathy']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer, lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity417 :: ('MESH:D000740', 'Disease') :: ['Severe anemia', 'anemia']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'stomach cancer']

entities_list: @entity4018 :: ('MESH:D055728', 'Disease') :: ['myelofibrosis']

entities_list: @entity236 :: ('MESH:D001855', 'Disease') :: ['bone marrow metastasis']

entities_list: @entity2106 :: ('MESH:D011697', 'Disease') :: ['thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura', 'TTP']

answer: @entity2106 :: (MESH:D011697,Disease) :: ['Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura']


abstract: The present study was designed to examine whether life-long exposure to standard or enriched housing affects the ability of @entity172 to improve spatial and object memory throughout the lifespan. Three-week-old female @entity19 were maintained in standard or enriched housing up to and through ovariectomy and behavioral testing at 5, 17, or 22 months of age. Spatial memory was tested in the Morris water maze and object memory was tested using an object recognition task. Immediately after training each day, @entity19 were injected intraperitoneally with vehicle or 0.2 mg/kg @entity53 . Among young females, object recognition was enhanced by @entity53 alone, an effect that was reduced by enrichment. In contrast, spatial water maze performance was impaired by @entity53 alone, but improved by the combination of both @entity53 and enrichment. At middle-age, object recognition was enhanced by @entity53 or enrichment alone, and the combination of both treatments. Spatial memory in the water maze was also improved by both treatments at middle-age, but the beneficial effects of @entity53 were limited to standard-housed females. Finally, whereas enrichment in aged females significantly enhanced performance in both tasks, @entity53 had no effect at this age in either task. In total, the data indicate that life-long enrichment can significantly alter the extent to which @entity53 affects memory in @entity19 throughout the lifespan. Importantly, the interaction between these treatments is highly dependent on age and type of memory tested.

title: Life-long environmental enrichment differentially affects the mnemonic response to @entity172 in young, middle-aged, and aged female XXXX .

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['17beta-estradiol', 'estradiol']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity348 ( @entity348 ) provides excellent functional outcomes and @entity158 relief in appropriately selected @entity1 . Although it is known to affect other shoulder conditions, the role of hand dominance after @entity348 has not been reported, to our knowledge. QUESTIONS/PURPOSES: We asked: (1) Does @entity348 of the dominant arm result in greater postoperative ROM compared with @entity348 of the nondominant arm? (2) Does hand dominance affect validated outcome scores after @entity348 ? METHODS: We performed a review of all @entity1 who underwent primary TSAs between 2008 and 2011 with a minimum of 12 months followup. During that time, one surgeon performed 156 primary TSAs. One hundred twenty-seven @entity1 met the minimum followup requirement for this analysis (81%), whereas 29 (19%) were lost to followup. Seven @entity1 were excluded for surgical indications other than @entity571 . A total of 58 @entity1 underwent @entity348 of the dominant upper extremity and 62 underwent @entity348 of the nondominant upper extremity. @entity1 demographics, preoperative and postoperative ROM, and preoperative and postoperative outcome scores, were collected from the medical records. Student's t-tests and chi-square tests were used for analysis. Demographics and preoperative ROM did not differ between @entity1 undergoing @entity348 on the dominant or the nondominant upper extremity. RESULTS: Dominant-arm TSAs showed greater postoperative forward elevation and external rotation. Postoperative active forward elevation in the dominant group was 151   versus 141   in the nondominant group (mean difference, 10  ; 95% CI, 1  -18  ; p = 0.033). Postoperative active external rotation was 61   in the dominant group, versus 51   in the nondominant group (mean difference, 10  ; 95% CI, 5  -15  ; p < 0.001). Active internal rotation did not differ (dominant, 52  , nondominant, 50  ; mean difference, 2  ; 95% CI, -3   to 7  ; p = 0.419). There were no differences in postoperative VAS (dominant, 0.9, nondominant, 1.4; mean difference, 0.5; 95% CI, -0.1 to 1.1; p = 0.129), simple shoulder test (dominant, 9.8, nondominant, 9.2; mean difference, 0.5; 95% CI, -0.5 to 1.5; p = 0.278), and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons scores (dominant, 84, nondominant, 80; mean difference, 4; 95% CI, -2 to 10; p = 0.211). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 who underwent @entity348 of their dominant upper extremity had greater postoperative active forward elevation and active external rotation compared with @entity1 who had @entity348 of their nondominant upper extremity. This average difference of 10   active forward elevation and active external rotation could be useful for preoperative and postoperative counseling of @entity1 . Regardless of hand dominance, similar functional outcomes were achieved. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level III, therapeutic study.

title: XXXX Undergoing Total Shoulder Arthroplasty on the Dominant Extremity Attain Greater Postoperative ROM.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity348 :: ('MESH:C535338', 'Disease') :: ['TSA', 'Total shoulder arthroplasty']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['glenohumeral osteoarthritis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: Ongoing development of our civilization is accompanied by a marked increase of incidence of @entity65 and @entity65 . @entity741 with its extreme form - @entity583 - is one of the main problems of modern medicine. Despite much research devoted to this disease entity, its pathomechanism remains incompletely understood. Basing on research reports, more and more emphasis is put on immune reactions in the myocardium. Available literature lacks detailed studies examining the role of complement system and its inhibitors in the development and pathogenesis of @entity583 . Cells of @entity63 myocardium were proven to become foreign antigens for the immune system of the @entity1 's body. This results in complement activation of formation of so called membrane attacking complex that injures myocardial cells. By binding to its surface, it extends the @entity296 caused by the @entity1188 itself. Results of immunochemistry studies presented in this paper have demonstrated the existence colocalization of complement components (C4d, C9) and membrane inhibitors ( @entity9819 , @entity1009 ) as well as soluble inhibitors (factor H) of the complement in the examined muscle tissue that underwent @entity39 . Positive immunohistochemical reaction was found in the myocardial cells, intercellular matrix and blood vessels.

title: Possible role of complement factors and their inhibitors in the XXXX : an immunohistochemical study.

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial destruction']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic necrosis']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarction']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['Ischemic heart disease']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular mortality', 'cardiovascular diseases']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarction']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Poor catheter-to-myocardial contact can lead to ineffective ablation lesions and suboptimal outcome. @entity5526 ( @entity5526 ) sensing catheters in @entity1165 ( @entity1165 ) ablations have not been studied for their long-term efficacy. PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to compare @entity5526 ablation to manual ablation ( @entity1 ) and remote magnetic navigation (RMN) ablation for safety and efficacy in acute and long-term outcome. METHODS: A total of 239 consecutive @entity1 who underwent @entity1165 ablation with the use of @entity1 , @entity5526 , or RMN catheters were included in this single-center cohort study from January 2007 until March 2014. The primary endpoints were procedural success, acute major complications, and @entity1165 recurrences at follow-up. The median follow-up period was 25 months. RESULTS: Acute success was achieved in 182 out of 239 procedures (76%). Acute success in manual ablation, @entity5526 ablation and RMN ablation was 71%, 71%, and 86%, respectively (P = 0.03). Major complications occurred in 3.3% and there were less major complications (P = 0.04) in the RMN group. After an initial successful procedure, 66 of 182 @entity1 (36%) had a recurrence during follow-up. This was not significantly different between groups. Using an intention-to-treat analysis, 124 @entity1 (52%) had a recurrence. The recurrence rate was lowest in the RMN group. CONCLUSION: The use of @entity5526 sensing catheters did not improve procedural outcome or safety profile in comparison to non- @entity5526 sensing ablation in this observational study of @entity943 .

title: Safety and Clinical Outcome of Catheter Ablation of XXXX Using Contact Force Sensing: Consecutive Case Series.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'MAN']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular arrhythmia ablations']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['VT', 'ventricular tachyarrhythmia']

entities_list: @entity5526 :: ('MESH:D003877', 'Disease') :: ['Contact force', 'CF']

answer: @entity943 :: (MESH:D001145,Disease) :: ['Ventricular Arrhythmias']


abstract: @entity7 ( @entity7 ) is a key mediator of endothelial cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and vascular permeability. Little is known about its expression in @entity1 @entity977 . We examined 148 @entity1 @entity977 for @entity7 protein expression by immunohistochemistry. The strongest immunoreactivity was present in GH @entity652 , @entity21422 , silent @entity21422 . silent subtype 3, and nononcocytic null cell @entity652 . GH @entity652 treated with octreotide stained less intensely than did untreated @entity5 . Relatively weak staining was present in PRL, gonadotroph, thyrotroph, and oncocytic null cell @entity652 in the same sections showed evidence of down-regulation of VEGE protein expression in @entity652 . @entity977 usually had stronger staining than @entity652 . In situ hybridization studies with oligonucleotide probes showed positive staining in all groups with stronger staining in GH, ACTH, TSH, and @entity652 and in @entity977 . These results indicate that @entity7 expression is more prominent in certain @entity652 subtypes, that decreased expression occurs in @entity652 as @entity977 show increased @entity7 expression relative to @entity652 suggesting up-regulation of @entity7 during @entity977 progression.

title: @entity7 ( XXXX ) Expression in @entity1 @entity977 and Carcinomas.

entities_list: @entity21422 :: ('MESH:D049913', 'Disease') :: ['corticotroph']

entities_list: @entity7 :: ('7422', 'Gene') :: ['VEGF', 'Vascular endothelial growth factor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity977 :: ('MESH:D010911', 'Disease') :: ['Pituitary carcinomas', 'compared to nontumorous pituitary and that carcinomas', 'pituitary carcinomas', 'pituitary tumor', 'pituitary adenomas']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['gonadotroph adenomas', 'adenomas', 'adenoma']

answer: @entity7 :: (7422,Gene) :: ['VEGF']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine if @entity2520 is associated with the development of @entity1468 . METHODS: A cohort of 1,115 healthy pregnant @entity1 were enrolled at less than 26 weeks' gestation and followed until delivery. Maternal demographic and medical data were collected. Periodontal examinations were performed at enrollment and within 48 hours of delivery to determine the presence of severe @entity2520 . Preeclampsia was defined as blood pressure greater than 140/90 on two separate occasions, and at least 1+ @entity644 on catheterized urine specimen. The potential effects of maternal age, race, smoking, gestational age at delivery, and insurance status were analyzed, and adjusted odds ratios for @entity1468 were calculated using multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS: During the study period, 763 @entity1 delivered live @entity1 and had data available for analysis. Thirty-nine @entity1 had @entity1468 . @entity1 were at higher risk for @entity1468 if they had severe @entity2520 at delivery (adjusted odds ratio 2.4, 95% confidence interval 1.1, 5.3), or if they had @entity2520 progression during pregnancy (adjusted odds ratio 2.1, 95% confidence interval 1.0, 4.4). CONCLUSION: After adjusting for other risk factors, active @entity2520 during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk for the development of @entity1468 .

title: XXXX is associated with an increased risk for @entity1468 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Women', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity1468 :: ('MESH:D011225', 'Disease') :: ['preeclampsia']

entities_list: @entity2520 :: ('MESH:D010510', 'Disease') :: ['periodontal disease or periodontal disease progression', 'periodontal disease', 'maternal periodontal disease']

answer: @entity2520 :: (MESH:D010510,Disease) :: ['Maternal periodontal disease']


abstract: 1. Single-unit activity was recorded from S1 sacral dorsal root afferent fibers in the anesthetized @entity35 . A total of 364 afferent fibers were identified by electrical stimulation of the pelvic nerve and subsequently tested for response to @entity14 ( @entity14 ) and @entity1494 ( @entity1494 ). Sixty-seven percent (n = 244) of the fibers were unmyelinated C-fibers and 33% (n = 120) were thinly myelinated A delta-fibers. 2. In three initial experiments, 35 fibers were identified by pelvic nerve stimulation and tested for response only to @entity14 ; none of these fibers responded to @entity14 . In 20 subsequent experiments, 329 pelvic nerve afferent fibers were tested for response to @entity14 and @entity1494 . Thirty-four percent (n = 112) of the 329 fibers were unresponsive to noxious @entity14 (80 mmHg) or to @entity1494 (slow filling < or = 100 mmHg), 44% (n = 146) responded to @entity1494 , 16% (n = 53) responded to @entity14 , and 6% (n = 18) responded to mechanical stimulation of the anal mucosa. 3. Of the total of 53 pelvic nerve afferent fibers that responded to @entity14 , 43 (81%) were C-fibers (mean: 1.5 m/s) and 10 (19%) were A delta-fibers (mean: 4.7 m/s). Fifteen of the @entity14 -sensitive fibers had no resting activity, whereas 38 fibers exhibited some resting activity (mean: 2.6 imp/s). 4. Reproducibility of responses to repeated @entity14 (80 mmHg, 30s, 10 trials at 4-min intervals) was tested in 17 fibers. In 16, responses to repeated distension were reproducible without evidence of facilitation or inhibition of subsequent responses. One fiber gave greater responses during the 9th and 10th trials. 5. Responses to graded @entity14 were studied in 44 fibers. All fibers exhibited monotonic, increasing stimulus-response functions < or = 80 mmHg of distension. Thresholds for response of the 44 fibers were determined after extrapolation of the least-squares linear-regression line to the ordinate and varied between 0 and 40 mmHg. Two populations of pelvic nerve afferent fibers in the colon were apparent: low threshold (LT) afferent fibers had a mean threshold of 2.9 mmHg (range: 0-10 mmHg; n = 34) and @entity2101 ( @entity2101 ) afferent fibers had a mean threshold of 32.6 mmHg (range: 28.0-40.0 mmHg; n = 10). 6. Chemosensitivity to @entity1812 (BK) was tested in nine LT fibers. Seven fibers responded to BK (0.1 to 100 micrograms/kg ia) and two fibers did not respond up to 100 micrograms/kg of BK. Responses to BK tested in three fibers were dose dependent.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: Characterization of mechanosensitive pelvic nerve afferent fibers innervating the colon of the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['UBD', 'urinary bladder distension']

entities_list: @entity2101 :: ('MESH:C538394', 'Disease') :: ['HT', 'high threshold']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['CRD', 'colorectal distension']

entities_list: @entity1812 :: ('MESH:D001920', 'Chemical') :: ['bradykinin']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: (Pro) @entity24845 ((P)RR), a specific receptor for renin and prorenin, is expressed in erythroblastic cells. (P)RR has multiple biological actions: prorenin activation, stimulation of the intracellular signaling including extracellular signal-regulated kinases, and functional complex formation with vacuolar @entity8108 -ATPase (v-ATPase). However, the functional implication of (P)RR in erythroblast cells has not been clarified. The aim of the present study was to clarify changes of (P)RR expression during erythropoiesis and a role of (P)RR in the @entity1446 synthesis. (P)RR expression was studied during @entity3446 -induced erythropoiesis in a @entity1 @entity6007 cell line, K562. Treatment with @entity3446 (100 nM) for 48 hours significantly increased %number of hemoglobin-producing cells, y-globin mRNA levels, erythroid specific @entity8454 synthase ( @entity37423 ) mRNA levels, and @entity1446 content in K562 cells. Both (P)RR protein and mRNA levels increased about 1.4-fold during @entity3446 -induced erythropoiesis. Suppression of (P)RR expression by (P)RR-specific small interference RNA increased @entity37423 mRNA levels about 1.6-fold in K562 cells, compared to control using scramble RNA, suggesting that (P)RR may down-regulate @entity37423 expression. By contrast, treatment with @entity7999 , an inhibitor of v-ATPase, decreased greatly % number of hemoglobin-producing cells and @entity1446 content in K562 cells, indicating that the v-ATPase function is essential for hemoglobinization and erythropoiesis. Treatment with @entity7999 increased (P)RR protein and mRNA levels. In conclusion, we propose that (P)RR has dual actions on erythropoiesis: the promotion of erythropoiesis via v-ATPase function and the down-regulation of @entity37423 mRNA expression. Thus, (P)RR may contribute to the homeostatic control of erythropoiesis.

title: Expression of (Pro) @entity24845 During XXXX -Induced Erythropoiesis in K562 @entity6007 Cells and Its Possible Dual Actions on Erythropoiesis.

entities_list: @entity6007 :: ('MESH:D004915', 'Disease') :: ['erythroleukemia']

entities_list: @entity3446 :: ('MESH:D020123', 'Chemical') :: ['rapamycin']

entities_list: @entity8454 :: ('MESH:D000622', 'Chemical') :: ['5-aminolevulinate']

entities_list: @entity7999 :: ('MESH:C040929', 'Chemical') :: ['bafilomycin A1']

answer: @entity3446 :: (MESH:D020123,Chemical) :: ['Rapamycin']