abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of @entity1875 and @entity2614 on cytokine levels in @entity1 with community-acquired @entity55 undergoing flexible fibreoptic bronchoscopy (FFB). METHOD: @entity1 with community-acquired @entity55 were randomly assigned to receive 3-5   mg/kg @entity1875 i.v. or 8% inhaled @entity2614 . Haemodynamic variables, stress hormone responses and serum cytokines were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: Out of 50 @entity1 aged 2-12 years ( @entity1875 , n   =   25; @entity2614 , n   =   25), there were no significant between-group differences in haemodynamic variables and stress hormones. @entity650 and @entity688 decreased significantly following FFB in both groups. @entity650 levels were significantly lower in the @entity2614 group than @entity1875 group at 4   h and 1   d following FFB (61.3        11.9 versus 82.6        19.7   pg/ml; 52.8        9.7 versus 75.4        13.6   pg/ml, respectively). @entity688 levels in the @entity2614 group were significantly lower than in the @entity1875 group at 1   d following FFB. CONCLUSIONS: In @entity1 with community-acquired @entity55 , use of @entity2614 was associated with lower circulating @entity650 and @entity688 levels compared with @entity1875 , following FFB. @entity55 severity is reflected by higher blood cytokine levels, thus, @entity2614 may be more beneficial to recovery from community-acquired @entity55 than @entity1875 , however further studies are required to test this hypothesis.

title: Effects of different anaesthetics on cytokine levels in XXXX with community-acquired @entity55 undergoing flexible fibreoptic bronchoscopy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia', 'Pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity1875 :: ('MESH:D015742', 'Chemical') :: ['propofol']

entities_list: @entity2614 :: ('MESH:C009250', 'Chemical') :: ['sevoflurane']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To conduct initial analyses and examine ways in which @entity308 and @entity148 are associated with outcomes after participation in the Healthy Living Course (HLC), an early-intervention @entity6 prevention program for adults with @entity5710 . DESIGN: Randomised controlled study using pre-intervention and postintervention measures to examine relationships between @entity308 , @entity148 and @entity6 -related program outcomes. @entity1 AND SETTING: 185 adults from urban and rural Victoria with @entity5710 who had completed the HLC program and for whom postintervention measure data were available. Data were collected between 15 June 2006 and 15 June 2008. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Baseline and postintervention scores on mood ( @entity148 , @entity308 ), biochemical (fasting plasma @entity413 , oral @entity413 tolerance), anthropometric (body mass index [BMI], waist circumference), cognitive (self-efficacy, @entity6 ) and behavioural (healthy eating, physical activity) measures; correlations between these measures. RESULTS: The intervention alleviated @entity308 , and improved eating patterns and scores on cognitive, anthropometric and biochemical measures. Cultural group and sex did not influence most results. Baseline mood was not associated with anthropometric or biochemical outcomes; however, more positive baseline mood factors were associated with activity changes, and with greater subsequent activity rates, self-efficacy and @entity6 . In turn, baseline self-efficacy was associated with postintervention healthy eating. Changes towards healthier eating correlated with anthropometric and biochemical changes, while baseline cognitive measures were also associated with physiological outcomes. As expected, reductions in BMI and waist circumference were related to biochemical changes. CONCLUSION: Our findings highlight the importance of assessing mood factors in @entity5710 , and the need to develop theoretical models of change mechanisms for mood in health outcomes.

title: The influence of @entity308 and @entity148 on outcomes after an intervention for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes', 'diabetes knowledge']

entities_list: @entity5710 :: ('MESH:D011236', 'Disease') :: ['prediabetes']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity5710 :: (MESH:D011236,Disease) :: ['prediabetes']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6051 (MF) is effective as induction therapy for @entity1988 ( @entity1988 ) in @entity1 with normal renal function; however, little is known about its role in @entity1 with @entity177 . The purpose of this study was to evaluate the response to MF in @entity1988 and its association with baseline renal function. METHODS: Data were obtained for 90 @entity1 from 12 Spanish renal units who were receiving MF as induction therapy for @entity1988 . @entity1 were classified into 2 groups: group 1 (estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] >= 60 ml/min/1.73 m(2)) and group 2 (eGFR <60 ml/min/ 1.73 m(2)). The primary outcome measure was the percentage of @entity1 who achieved any response and its relationship with initial eGFR. The secondary outcome measures were the percentage of @entity1 who achieved a complete response (CR) or partial response (PR) and the appearance of relapses during treatment and side effects. RESULTS: At initiation of MF treatment, there were no differences in the main parameters between group 1 (n = 63; eGFR 87    23 ml/min/ 1.73 m(2)) and group 2 (n = 27; eGFR 44    12 ml/min/1.73 m(2)). Exposure to @entity229 and MF was similar. The percentages of @entity1 who achieved a response in groups 1 and 2 were, respectively, 69.2 and 43.8% at 6 months and 81.3 and 73.7% at 12 months. CR was more frequent in group 1, whereas PR was similar in both groups. Four @entity1 relapsed and side effects were unremarkable. CONCLUSIONS: MF is effective and safe as induction therapy for @entity1988 , and response is even achieved in @entity1 with baseline @entity8 .

title: @entity6051 as induction therapy in XXXX with @entity8 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal impairment']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity1988 :: ('MESH:D008181', 'Disease') :: ['lupus nephritis', 'LN']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['impaired renal failure']

entities_list: @entity6051 :: ('CHEBI:168396', 'Chemical') :: ['Mycophenolate']

answer: @entity1988 :: (MESH:D008181,Disease) :: ['lupus nephritis']


abstract: SPOR domains are about 75 @entity1522 long and probably bind septal peptidoglycan during cell division. We mutagenized 33 @entity1522 with surface-exposed side chains in the SPOR domain from an @entity526 cell division protein named FtsN. The mutant SPOR domains were fused to Tat-targeted green fluorescent protein ((TT)GFP) and tested for septal localization in live @entity526 cells. Lesions at the following 5 residues reduced septal localization by a factor of 3 or more: Q251, S254, W283, R285, and I313. All of these residues map to a b-sheet in the published solution structure of FtsN(SPOR). Three of the mutant proteins ( @entity29777 , @entity29778 , and @entity29779 mutants) were purified and found to be defective in binding to peptidoglycan sacculi in a cosedimentation assay. These results match closely with results from a previous study of the SPOR domain from DamX, even though these two SPOR domains share <20% @entity535 identity. Taken together, these findings support the proposal that SPOR domains localize by binding to septal peptidoglycan and imply that the binding site is associated with the b-sheet. We also show that FtsN(SPOR) contains a @entity1520 bond between b-sheet residues C252 and C312. The @entity1520 bond contributes to protein stability, cell division, and peptidoglycan binding.

title: Identification of SPOR domain @entity1522 important for septal localization, peptidoglycan binding, and a XXXX bond in the cell division protein FtsN.

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity1520 :: ('CHEBI:48343', 'Chemical') :: ['disulfide']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli', 'E. coli']

answer: @entity1520 :: (CHEBI:48343,Chemical) :: ['disulfide']


abstract: Co-stimulatory factors such as @entity2937 and apoptotic molecules such as @entity1197 and @entity12 required to start and to turn off the allogenic immune response may also be present as soluble proteins. To determine the role of the soluble forms of @entity2937 (sCD86), @entity1197 (sCD95) and @entity12 (sCD95L) in the outcome of liver transplants, we analyzed the circulating levels of these molecules in @entity1 subjected to liver transplantation in the pre-operative period and during the first month post-transplantation. Serum samples were obtained from sixty-nine first orthotopic liver transplants (OLT). The @entity1 were classified into acute rejection (AR=24) and not acute rejection (NAR=45), or considering the presence of @entity3619 or C (VP=30) or other primary @entity409 (VN=39). The levels of sCD86, sCD95 and sCD95L were analyzed by solid phase sandwich enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assays. Our results first showed that the pre-transplantation serum levels of sCD86 in the AR group were significantly higher than in the NAR group (1007  82U/mL vs. 739  46U/mL, p=0.006), and in the post-transplantation period these levels decreased sharply. Second, the levels of sCD95L and sCD95 in the pre-transplantation period did not point to statistically significant differences between the AR and NAR groups. Considering primary @entity409 , the pre-transplantation levels of sCD86 and sCD95L in the VP group were significantly higher than those of the VN group (VP, 977  69U/mL vs. VN, 722  51U/mL, p<0.002, and VP, 482  78pg/mL vs. VN, 221  31pg/mL, p=0.002, respectively). Multivariate analysis revealed that only the pre-transplantation levels of sCD86 were independently associated with the development of episodes of acute rejection (p=0.005, OR=2.1, IC 95%=1.27-3.47). In conclusion, the present work shows that primary @entity409 could influence the pre-transplantation levels of sCD86 and sCD95L. High pre-transplantation serum levels of sCD86 could favor the development of episodes of acute rejection.

title: Evolution of soluble forms of @entity2937 , @entity1197 and XXXX molecules in liver transplant recipients.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver diseases', 'liver disease']

entities_list: @entity3619 :: ('MESH:D006521', 'Disease') :: ['chronic active hepatitis B']

answer: @entity12 :: (356,Gene) :: ['CD95L']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Studies using consecutive liver biopsies constitute an attractive approach to gaining insight into the pathogenesis of @entity5881 . AIM: To analyse histological factors at baseline, which are predictive of @entity82 progression and recurrence of @entity99 . RESULTS: A total of 193 drinkers underwent consecutive biopsies at an interval of 4 years. At baseline, 20 had normal livers, 135 @entity1560 , five @entity82 and 33 @entity99 . The @entity82 score increased from 1.07 +/- 0.07 to 1.7 +/- 0.94 (P < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, only @entity1560 (P = 0.04), @entity99 (P = 0.0004) and stage of @entity82 (P < 0.0001) were independent predictive factors of the @entity82 score at the second biopsy. @entity82 developed more frequently in @entity1 with @entity1560 (11%) and @entity99 (39%) than in others (0%, P < 0.0001). @entity99 recurred more frequently in @entity1 with @entity99 at baseline: 58% vs. 15%, P < 0.0001. In multivariate analysis, @entity99 at the first biopsy was the only predictive factor of its recurrence (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: In a large cohort of drinkers with consecutive biopsies, @entity1560 , @entity82 stage and @entity99 at baseline were independent predictive factors of @entity82 progression. In terms of mechanisms, we propose a novel concept of multiple hits of @entity99 occurring in the same @entity1 .

title: XXXX progression occurs in a subgroup of heavy drinkers with typical histological features.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis', 'Cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity5881 :: ('MESH:D008108', 'Disease') :: ['alcoholic liver disease']

entities_list: @entity1560 :: ('MESH:D005234', 'Disease') :: ['steatosis']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['Alcoholic hepatitis', 'alcoholic hepatitis']

answer: @entity82 :: (MESH:D005355,Disease) :: ['Fibrosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Nutrigenetics studies the role of genetic variation on interactions between diet and health, aiming to provide more personalized dietary advice. However, replication has been low. Our aim was to study interaction among a functional @entity3294 polymorphism, food intake, and body mass index (BMI) in independent populations to replicate findings and to increase their evidence level. METHODS: Cross-sectional, follow-up (20 years), and case-control analyses were undertaken in 3 independent populations. We analyzed gene-diet interactions between the @entity3294 @entity32023 polymorphism and saturated fat intake on BMI and @entity28 in 3462 individuals from 3 populations in the United States: the Framingham Offspring Study (1454 whites), the Genetics of Lipid Lowering Drugs and Diet Network Study (1078 whites), and Boston-Puerto Rican Centers on Population Health and Health Disparities Study (930 Hispanics of Caribbean origin). RESULTS: Prevalence of the CC genotype in study @entity1 ranged from 10.5% to 16.2%. We identified statistically significant interactions between the @entity3294 @entity32023 and saturated fat regarding BMI in all 3 populations. Thus, the magnitude of the difference in BMI between the individuals with the CC and TT+TC genotypes differed by saturated fat. A mean increase in BMI of 6.2% (range, 4.3%-7.9%; P = .01) was observed between genotypes with high- (> or =22 g/d) but not with low- saturated fat intake in all studies. Likewise, the CC genotype was significantly associated with higher @entity28 prevalence in all populations only in the high-saturated fat stratum. Meta-analysis estimations of @entity28 for individuals with the CC genotype compared with the TT+TC genotype were an odds ratio of 1.84 (95% confidence interval, 1.38-2.47; P < .001) in the high-saturated fat stratum, but no association was detected in the low-saturated fat stratum (odds ratio, 0.81; 95% confidence interval, 0.59-1.11; P = .18). CONCLUSION: For the first time to our knowledge, a gene-diet interaction influencing BMI and @entity28 has been strongly and consistently replicated in 3 independent populations.

title: XXXX , dietary fat, and body mass index: replication of a gene-diet interaction in 3 independent populations.

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

answer: @entity3294 :: (336,Gene) :: ['APOA2']


abstract: @entity1243 is emerging as a key regulator of bone remodeling. In a population-based study of 1306 postmenopausal Danish @entity1 , nonsynonymous @entity13156 SNPs were associated with risk of @entity1386 , @entity1555 , and @entity174 . Smoking exacerbates this @entity13156 -associated @entity174 risk. INTRODUCTION: Nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the @entity1 @entity13156 gene have been associated with @entity1386 in a number of studies, but there have been no large-scale studies of their implications for @entity1555 and @entity3604 risk in postmenopausal @entity1 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: We carried out a population-based study of 1430 @entity1 . Three well-known nonsynonymous @entity13156 ( @entity13156 ) SNPs ( @entity13157 , @entity13159 , and @entity13161 ) were genotyped for qualitative and quantitative association analysis. Phenotype characteristics of main interest were DXA measures of body fat and lean tissue mass, @entity1555 , and radiographic @entity174 . RESULTS: @entity13159 associated with risk of @entity174 (overall OR = 1.76; OR in smokers = 2.31; p = 0.0004), in addition to @entity1555 of the femoral neck and total hip (p = 0.036 and 0.008, respectively). Heterozygote carriers showed lower @entity1555 at both sites. @entity13159 was also associated with @entity1386 (p = 0.001 for total fat mass). For @entity1386 , the at-risk allele was G (resulting in an @entity369 at position 223). CONCLUSIONS: Variation in @entity13156 seemed to contribute to the variation in @entity1555 and @entity174 risk in Danish postmenopausal @entity1 ; the heterozygous genotype was associated with increased risk of manifest @entity170 . Further studies are needed to replicate these data and to clarify the mechanisms involved.

title: @entity1243 receptor genotype at @entity13159 is associated with body composition, @entity1555 , and @entity174 in postmenopausal Danish XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3604 :: ('MESH:D058866', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporotic fracture']

entities_list: @entity13156 :: ('3953', 'Gene') :: ['LEPR', 'leptin receptor']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture', 'vertebral fractures', 'vertebral fracture']

entities_list: @entity13159 :: ('p|SUB|Q|223|R', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['Gln223Arg']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity13161 :: ('p|SUB|K|656|N', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['Lys656Asn']

entities_list: @entity13157 :: ('p|SUB|K|109|R', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['Lys109Arg']

entities_list: @entity369 :: ('CHEBI:29016', 'Chemical') :: ['arginine']

entities_list: @entity1386 :: ('MESH:D018205', 'Disease') :: ['adiposity']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity497 ( @entity497 ) is considered the most important cause of @entity204 from @entity166 in developed countries. Severity assessment scores partially address the difficulties in identifying high-risk @entity1 . A lack of specific and valid pathophysiologic severity markers affect early and effective @entity295 therapy. @entity518 , sRAGE and @entity5764 have been involved in @entity295 and their potential as severity markers has been proposed. The aim of this study was to evaluate @entity518 , @entity5764 and sRAGE levels in @entity1 with @entity497 and determine their possible association with clinical outcome. METHOD: We evaluated 33 @entity1 with @entity497 admitted to the emergency room and followed in the medical wards. Severity assessment scores (CURB-65, PSI, APACHE II, SOFA) and serologic markers ( @entity518 , @entity5764 , sRAGE) were evaluated on admission. RESULTS: Thirty @entity1 with a diagnosis of @entity497 were enrolled in the study within 24 hours after admission. Fourteen (46.6%) had pandemic (H1N1) @entity11317 , 2 (6.6%) had seasonal influenza A and 14 other diagnoses. Of the @entity1 in the study group, 16 (53.3%) had a fatal outcome. @entity649 was observed in 17 (56.6%) and a total of 22 @entity1 had severe @entity295 on admission (73%). The SOFA score showed the greatest difference between surviving and non-surviving groups (P = .003) with similar results in @entity649 @entity1 (P = .005). sRAGE levels tended to be higher in non-surviving (P = .058) and @entity649 @entity1 (P = .058). Logistic regression modeling demonstrated that SOFA (P = .013) and sRAGE (P = .05) were the only variables that modified the probability of a fatal outcome. CONCLUSION: The association of elevated sRAGE with a fatal outcome suggests that it may have an independent causal effect in @entity497 . SOFA scores were the only clinical factor with the ability to identify surviving and @entity649 @entity1 .

title: Soluble XXXX as a severity marker in community acquired pneumonia associated @entity295 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity11317 :: ('11320', 'Species') :: ['influenza A virus']

entities_list: @entity497 :: ('MESH:D003147', 'Disease') :: ['Community-acquired pneumonia', 'CAP', 'CAP-associated sepsis']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['infectious disease']

answer: @entity5764 :: (101669765,Gene) :: ['RAGE']


abstract: An in vivo method has been developed for quantifying cavernosal endothelium-dependent relaxation. The method is based on the fact that relaxation of the smooth muscle around the sinusoids of the penile corpora cavernosa activates the erectile veno-occlusive mechanism, and the degree of veno-occlusion can be precisely quantified by the pharmacologic maintenance erectile flow (PMEF) method. Pharmacologic maintenance erectile flows are determined after intracavernosal infusion of the endothelium-dependent relaxant @entity934 ( @entity1617 ) and the endothelium-independent relaxant @entity3302 , and expressed as an @entity934 / @entity3302 ratio (APR). Control @entity95 showed no changes from the test procedures themselves. In 12 test @entity95 , control PMEFs after approximately 10(-7) mol @entity1617 or @entity3302 averaged 0.7 and 0.5 ml/minute, respectively; APR averaged 1.3. Endothelial injury of the corpus cavernosum was produced by intracavernosal injection of 100 micrograms (16 x 10(-8) mol) of the detergent CHAPS or 1 ml of @entity3989 -76. Within 1 hour of injection of either agent, PMEF( @entity1617 ) increased markedly to approximately 6, PMEF(pap) increased minimally to approximately 0.9, and APR increased to about 7. These values gradually decreased to normal limits at six weeks. Endothelial injury and recovery were confirmed by electron microscopy. Thus, reduced cavernosal response to @entity1617 relative to @entity3302 was indicative of endothelial injury. The @entity1617 / @entity3302 response ratio offers promise as a practical and reliable in vivo method for quantifying endothelial-dependent relaxation.

title: The cavernosal XXXX / @entity3302 response. A practical in vivo method for quantification of endothelium-dependent relaxation. Rationale and experimental validation.

entities_list: @entity3302 :: ('MESH:D010208', 'Chemical') :: ['papaverine']

entities_list: @entity3989 :: ('MESH:D003974', 'Chemical') :: ['Renografin']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity934 :: (MESH:D000109,Chemical) :: ['acetylcholine']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Despite many studies about aortic valve function and aortic root geometry after conservative aortic root repair of acute @entity1129 aortic dissection, the results are not always consistent or conclusive. This study aims to evaluate aortic root diameter and aortic valve function after surgery for acute @entity1129 aortic dissection involving the aortic root. METHODS: A retrospective review was performed of 196 consecutive @entity1 (age, 56.9    11.4 years; 96 @entity1 ) who underwent conservative aortic root repair including sinotubular junction resuspension for the management of acute @entity1129 aortic dissection involving the aortic root. RESULTS: The 30-day mortality rate was 5.1% (n  =  10). During a median follow-up period of 45.3    36.4 months, there were 28 deaths and 11 cases of aortic reoperation (proximal reoperation in 1 and distal reoperation in 10). Of the 6-month survivors (n  =  177, 90.3%), echocardiography and computed tomography were performed in the late period (>6 months) on 115 (65.0%) and 138 (78.0%), respectively. Significant @entity337 (greater than grade 2+) or root dilatation (>45 mm) was observed in 5 and 19 @entity1 , respectively. Freedom from @entity337 (greater than grade 2+) or root dilatation (>45 mm) at 5 years was 84.6%    3.9%. On the Cox regression analysis, the maximal aortic root diameter at initial presentation was the only significant predictor of @entity337 and @entity384 (hazard ratio, 1.10; 95% confidence interval, 1.02-1.19; P  =  .014). CONCLUSIONS: Conservative aortic root repair of acute @entity1129 aortic dissection demonstrates acceptable long-term clinical outcomes. However, more @entity146 approaches should be considered for @entity1 who have @entity384 because of the risk of developing a root @entity439 after surgery.

title: Aortic root conservative repair of acute XXXX aortic dissection involving the aortic root: fate of the aortic root and aortic valve function.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['aortic root dilatation']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity337 :: ('MESH:D001022', 'Disease') :: ['aortic regurgitation']

answer: @entity1129 :: (MESH:D001260,Disease) :: ['type A']


abstract: The aim of this prospective study was to investigate the incidence of @entity1151 after pacemaker implantation, and to assess the benefits, if any, of postoperative prophylactic heparin therapy. Twenty of 40 @entity1 were given low-dose heparin therapy; the remaining 20 @entity1 were the control group and were not treated. Assignment to one of these groups was made alternately, in chronological order according to the time of implantation. Only tined leads with @entity1346 insulation were used. All @entity1 were mobilized on their first postoperative day. Pulmonary scintigraphy was performed before implantation, two weeks after implantation and again 12 months later. @entity1151 was defined as evidence of new perfusion defects after implantation. There were no such defects in the group treated with heparin; the control group (20 @entity1 ) had three cases of perfusion defects within a 14-day postoperative period. Twelve months later, no further perfusion defects were observed in any @entity1 . Thus, our study revealed a 15% incidence of asymptomatic @entity1151 following pacemaker implantation in @entity1 not given prophylactic heparin therapy.

title: XXXX following pacemaker implantation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1346 :: ('MESH:D012828', 'Chemical') :: ['silicone']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['A pulmonary embolism', 'pulmonary embolism']

answer: @entity1151 :: (MESH:D011655,Disease) :: ['Asymptomatic pulmonary embolism']


abstract: @entity6 ( @entity6 ) adversely affects the number and function of circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). Consequently, there is also a reduction in the repair mechanism of these cells, which is a critical and initiating factor in the development of @entity532 . The aim of the present study was to analyze @entity11216 expression profiles in EPCs from @entity1 with @entity6 and choose the most significantly regulated @entity11216 to study its possible role on EPC dysfunction and elucidate its mechanism of action. EPCs were collected from subjects with @entity6 and non- @entity6 control subjects. Total RNA was harvested from EPCs, and a total of 5 candidate miRNAs were identified by microarray screening and were quantified by TaqMan real-time PCR. Lentiviral vectors expressing @entity10013 and @entity10013 inhibitor (anti- @entity10013 ) were transfected into EPCs, and the EPC colony-forming capacity, proliferation activity, migratory activity, differentiation capacity, and apoptotic susceptibility were determined and Western Blotting and mRNA real-time PCR analyses were performed. To study the mechanisms, lentiviral vectors expressing @entity29403 and a short interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting @entity29403 were prepared. Five miRs were aberrantly downregulated in EPCs from @entity6 @entity1 . These miRs included @entity10013 , @entity10017 , @entity4449 , @entity13825 and @entity23184 . Anti- @entity10013 inhibited EPC proliferation, migration, and enhanced apoptosis. Restored @entity10013 expression in EPCs from @entity6 promoted EPC proliferation, migration, and inhibited EPC apoptosis ability. Despite this, @entity10013 had no effect on EPC differentiation. @entity10013 overexpression significantly downregulated @entity29403 in EPCs. The knockdown of @entity29403 expression in EPCs from @entity6 promoted proliferation, migration, and inhibited apoptosis of the cells. The signal pathway of @entity10013 effecting on EPCs is partially mediated through Ras/ @entity3963 / @entity7 and @entity10412 / @entity584 /eNOS regulation. This study provides the first evidence that @entity10013 is downregulated in EPCs from @entity6 @entity1 , and impairs EPCs-mediated function via its target, @entity29403 , and through Ras/ @entity3963 / @entity7 and @entity10412 / @entity584 /eNOS signal pathway.

title: Downregulation of microRNA-126 in endothelial progenitor cells from @entity6 @entity1 , impairs their functional properties, via target gene XXXX .

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Type II DM', 'diabetic', 'Diabetes mellitus', 'DM']

entities_list: @entity532 :: ('MESH:D003925', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic vascular disease']

answer: @entity29403 :: (161742,Gene) :: ['Spred-1']


abstract: Enhanced dispersion of repolarization has been proposed as an important mechanism in long QT related @entity943 . Dispersion can be dynamic and can be augmented with the occurrence of spatially out-of-phase action potential duration (APD) alternans (discordant alternans; DA). We investigated the role of tissue heterogeneity in generating DA using a novel transgenic @entity95 model of @entity1162 ( @entity31868 ). Littermate control (LMC) and @entity31868 @entity95 hearts (n = 5 for each) were retrogradely perfused and action potentials were mapped from the epicardial surface using @entity28091 and a high speed CMOS camera. Spatial dispersion (Delta APD and Delta slope of APD restitution) were both increased in @entity31868 compared to LMC (Delta APD: 34 +/- 7 ms vs. 23 +/- 6 ms; Delta slope: 1.14 +/- 0.23 vs. 0.59 +/- 0.19). Onset of DA under a ramp stimulation protocol was seen at longer pacing cycle length (CL) in @entity31868 compared to LMC hearts (206 +/- 24 ms vs. 156 +/- 5 ms). Nodal lines between regions with APD alternans out of phase from each other were correlated with conduction velocity (CV) alternation in LMC but not in @entity31868 hearts. In @entity31868 hearts, larger APD dispersion was associated with onset of DA at longer pacing CL. At shorter CLs, closer to @entity2224 ( @entity2224 ), nodal lines in @entity31868 (n = 2 out of 5) showed persistent complex beat-to-beat changes in nodal line formation of DA associated with competing contribution from CV restitution and tissue spatial heterogeneity, increasing vulnerability to conduction block. In conclusion, tissue heterogeneity plays a significant role in providing substrate for @entity943 in @entity31868 @entity95 by facilitating DA onset and contributing to unstable nodal lines prone to reentry formation.

title: Origin of complex behaviour of spatially discordant alternans in a transgenic XXXX model of @entity1162 .

entities_list: @entity95 :: ('9986', 'Species') :: ['rabbits', 'rabbit']

entities_list: @entity2224 :: ('MESH:D014693', 'Disease') :: ['VF', 'ventricular fibrillation induction']

entities_list: @entity1162 :: ('MESH:D008133', 'Disease') :: ['type 2 long QT syndrome']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular arrhythmia', 'arrhythmias']

answer: @entity95 :: (9986,Species) :: ['rabbit']


abstract: Homeopathic preparations are used in homeopathy and anthroposophic medicine. Although there is evidence of effectiveness in several clinical studies, including double-blinded randomized controlled trials, their nature and mode of action could not be explained with current scientific approaches yet. Several physical methods have already been applied to investigate homeopathic preparations but it is yet unclear which methods are best suited to identify characteristic physicochemical properties of homeopathic preparations. The aim of this study was to investigate homeopathic preparations with UV-spectroscopy. In a blinded, randomized, controlled experiment homeopathic preparations of @entity3973 ( @entity12239 ; 11c-30c), @entity3674 ( @entity3758 ; 10c-30c, i.e., centesimal dilution steps) and @entity599 (S; 11 -30 , i.e., decimal dilution steps) and controls (one-time succussed diluent) were investigated using UV-spectroscopy and tested for contamination by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP- @entity15 ). The UV transmission for homeopathic preparations of @entity12239 preparations was significantly lower than in controls. The transmission seemed to be also lower for both @entity3758 and S, but not significant. The mean effect size (95% confidence interval) was similar for the homeopathic preparations: @entity12239 (pooled data) 0.0544% (0.0260-0.0827%), @entity3758 0.0323% (-0.0064% to 0.0710%) and S 0.0281% (-0.0520% to 0.1082%). UV transmission values of homeopathic preparations had a significantly higher variability compared to controls. In none of the samples the concentration of any element analyzed by ICP- @entity15 exceeded 100   ppb. Lower transmission of UV light may indicate that homeopathic preparations are less structured or more dynamic than their succussed pure solvent.

title: Homeopathic Preparations of Quartz, XXXX and Copper Sulfate Assessed by UV-Spectroscopy.

entities_list: @entity3973 :: ('MESH:D019327', 'Chemical') :: ['copper sulfate']

answer: @entity599 :: (MESH:D013455,Chemical) :: ['Sulfur']


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: Two case reports of @entity13549 that was considered to be caused by cervical and thoracic @entity1745 . OBJECTIVES: To point out that @entity13549 can be an initial major symptom in @entity1 with cervical or thoracic spinal cord lesions. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Usually, tract @entity158 caused by @entity1745 is considered to be diffuse and does not resemble @entity13549 . METHODS: Medical history, physical findings, and the results of imaging studies were reviewed in one case of cervical @entity4097 and one case of @entity1513 . RESULTS: In both cases, @entity13549 was the initial and major symptom. Imaging studies showed no lesion in the lumbar spine. In one @entity1 , a cervical dumbbell @entity5 was found to compress the cervical cord, and in the other the spinal cord was severely compressed at the @entity1513 . The @entity13549 disappeared immediately after decompression surgery in both cases. CONCLUSIONS: @entity158 resembling @entity13549 can be caused by @entity1745 at the cervical and thoracic level. @entity1513 may be a causative factor in @entity13549 , in addition to @entity4097 and disc herniation, which have been reported previously.

title: Sciatica caused by cervical and thoracic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1513 :: ('MESH:D007738', 'Disease') :: ['Thoracic kyphosis', 'thoracic kyphosis']

entities_list: @entity1745 :: ('MESH:D013117', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord compression', 'cord compression']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'Leg pain']

entities_list: @entity4097 :: ('MESH:D013120', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord tumor', 'cord tumor']

answer: @entity1745 :: (MESH:D013117,Disease) :: ['spinal cord compression']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Debilitating @entity490 remains the most common presentation of @entity1689 and the treatment remains challenging. OBJECTIVE: This prospective study analyzed the outcome of @entity8810 's procedure in @entity1 with inflammatory head mass. METHODS: For the period between 2002 and 2007, 77 @entity1 with @entity1689 underwent @entity8810 procedure for intractable @entity490 . The mean follow-up was 14 months. For the purpose of analysis of the outcome, @entity1 were grouped as poor @entity158 control (19%) and @entity158 control groups (81%) based on the @entity158 scores during follow-up. RESULTS: There was no 30-day mortality. The logistic regression analysis showed that decreased volume percentage (48%) of head mass resected (p=0.003) and small diameter of the pancreatic duct (p=0.05) were associated with poor @entity158 outcome. Subgroup analysis revealed that @entity1 with small duct disease were associated with increased operative time (p=0.001), poor @entity158 scores (p=0.001), and increased @entity353 (p=0.003) during follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: @entity8810 procedure can be performed with zero mortality and low morbidity in a high-volume center. It provides @entity158 relief in majority of the @entity1 . Volume of the head mass cored affects @entity158 outcome. Correlation between poor results in terms of @entity158 relief and @entity353 following @entity8810 's procedure, and small duct disease supports the view that duct diameter is an important predictor of @entity158 relief.

title: Factors affecting outcome after XXXX procedure for @entity1689 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity1689 :: ('MESH:D050500', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['good pain', 'pain']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

answer: @entity8810 :: (MESH:D013547,Disease) :: ['Frey']


abstract: 1. After operation, changes in @entity1568 metabolism occur. Although increased flux of @entity1522 from peripheral to splanchnic organs after operation has been described, substrate utilization by the individual organs in the splanchnic area is less well characterized. We were specifically interested in substrate flux across the spleen as it is an organ with important immunological functions. 2. Therefore, hindquarter, gut, spleen and liver fluxes of @entity1522 , @entity3265 , @entity413 , @entity880 and blood gases were measured for 4 days after a standard operation in @entity1707 . In a separate control group, fluxes were measured 2-3 weeks after this operation and these values were assumed to represent the normal situation. 3. One day after operation, the hindquarter effluxes of @entity1160 , @entity493 and several essential @entity1522 were increased (P > 0.001), but these normalized at the end of the observation period. In the same period, liver @entity1160 uptake increased (P < 0.01), concomitantly with increased @entity3157 -, @entity413 and @entity1133 production, which also normalized. Portal drained viscera @entity3265 production decreased, concomitant with decreased @entity1160 uptake (P < 0.001). After operation, the splenic release of @entity3265 increased sevenfold (P < 0.05) and that of @entity880 increased from -158 +/- 544 to 3294 +/- 642 nmol min-1 kg-1 body weight (P < 0.001). @entity413 uptake increased from -964 +/- 632 to -3933 +/- 1524 nmol min-1 kg-1 body weight and @entity1160 efflux (391 +/- 143) reversed to uptake (-752 +/- 169 nmol min-1 kg-1 body weight) (P < 0.001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Post-operative changes in hepatic, intestinal, splenic and muscle fluxes of @entity1522 and @entity3265 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen']

entities_list: @entity1160 :: ('CHEBI:28300', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamine']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity493 :: ('CHEBI:16449', 'Chemical') :: ['alanine']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose', 'Glucose']

answer: @entity1707 :: (9823,Species) :: ['pigs']


abstract: A 64-year-old @entity28 @entity1 developed @entity1183 in the left arm and leg. Neurological examination revealed decreased senses of @entity158 , touch, and temperature in the left face, arm, trunk, and leg. Remaining functions were normal. Electrocardiogram showed @entity955 . Somatosensory-evoked potentials using the stimulation in the median nerve were normal on both sides. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed acute @entity1188 in the right parietal operculum and insula. There were no pathognomonic lesions in the postcentral gyrus, the thalamus, or the brain stem. @entity1188 was diagnosed. Diffusion tensor tractography map displayed the thalamocortical projections to the primary and the secondary somatosensory cortex (S2). These radiological findings supported that the operculo-insular lesion could disrupt the thalamo-S2 pathway. Thus, the thalamocortical disconnection between the thalamus to the S2 could cause superficial @entity409 in the present @entity1 .

title: A case of superficial XXXX due to operculo-insular @entity1188 : radiological depiction of thalamocortical projections to the secondary somatosensory cortex.

entities_list: @entity1183 :: ('MESH:D006987', 'Disease') :: ['hypesthesia']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['hemisensory dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['Cardioembolic operculo-insular infarction', 'infarction']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

answer: @entity409 :: (MESH:D008107,Disease) :: ['hemisensory dysfunction']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Atypical chemokine receptors (ACRs), including @entity30480 , @entity20363 , and D6, have been reported to be involved in @entity5 invasion and @entity3 . The objective of this study was to investigate the prognostic importance of ACRs in @entity1 with @entity957 ( @entity957 ). METHODS: The expression of three ACRs was investigated by immunohistochemical (IHC) examination in a total of 317 cervical specimens including 40 normal cervical tissues, 50 cases of @entity2735 (CIS), and 227 cases of @entity957 by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: The expression rate of @entity20363 and @entity30480 in @entity957 , CIS, and normal cervix increased gradually (p<0.01). D6 expression is decreased in @entity957 compared to either in CIS or in normal cervix (p<0.05). In addition, the expression of @entity2842 and @entity11274 was inversely associated with ACR expression (p<0.05), while that of LCA was positively correlated with ACR expression (p<0.05). Moreover, @entity20363 expression, @entity30480 expression, and ACR coexpression were negatively correlated with @entity1600 (P<0.01). D6 expression and ACR coexpression were negatively related to @entity5 size (p=0.018) and recurrence (p=0.028). In multivariate Cox regression analysis, @entity30480 expression was a positive indicator for overall survival (p=0.008), and D6 expression was an independent predictor of both overall and recurrence-free survival (p=0.041) in @entity957 . CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that the loss of ACRs may play important roles in the tumorigenesis and @entity5 . ACR expression may be considered as prognostic markers in @entity1 with @entity957 .

title: Atypical chemokine receptors predict XXXX and prognosis in @entity1 with cervical squamous cell cancer.

entities_list: @entity2735 :: ('MESH:D002278', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma in situ of cervix']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'migration of cervical cancer']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['cervical squamous cell carcinoma', 'CSCC']

entities_list: @entity1600 :: ('MESH:D014388', 'Disease') :: ['lymph node metastasis']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity1600 :: (MESH:D014388,Disease) :: ['lymph node metastasis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinicopathologic features and prognostic factors of @entity356 (gNENs). METHODS: Clinicopathologic data of 104 @entity1 with @entity356 admitted in Chinese PLA General Hospital between January 2000 and December 2014 were analyzed retrospectively. Tumor proliferation activity classification ( @entity2818 ) and TNM staging were observed. The clinicopathologic features of the whole group were collected and the univariate and multivariate analysis were determined by Log-rank and Cox proportional hazard model to detect the prognosis-determining features. RESULTS: Of all the @entity1 , 66 cases(63.5%) were @entity3270 , 25 cases(24.0%) were mixed adenoendocrine @entity189 and 12 cases (11.5%) were @entity5 . For G grades, 92 cases (88.5%) were G3 grade, 8 cases(7.7%) were G2 grade and 4 cases (3.8%) were G1 grade. TNM staging results showed that stageI( was found in 6 cases (5.8%), stageII(A in 6 cases (5.8%), stageII(B in 9 cases (8.7%), stage III(A in 8 cases (7.7%), stage III(B in 55 cases (52.9%) and stageIIII( in 20 cases (19.2%). For T stage, 7 cases (6.7%) were T1, 12 cases (11.5%) were T2, 24 cases (23.1%) were T3, and 61 cases (58.7%) were T4. Lymph node @entity3 occurred in 73 cases (70.2%) and distant @entity3 occurred in 20 cases(19.2%). Eighty-six @entity1 were followed up for 6 to 186 months. The median survival was 33.0 months(95% CI: 28.3 to 36.6), and 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates were 80%, 49% and 31%. Clinicopathologic features which were considered statistically significant on univariate analysis were selected to Cox proportional hazard model. Univariate analysis showed that risk factors of reducing survival rate included @entity5 size, pathological type, proliferation activity grades, and depth of invasion (all P<0.05), as well as @entity3507 expression, @entity5 staging, lymph node @entity3 and distant @entity3 (all P<0.01). The multivariate analysis showed that the stage of gNEN was the independent risk factor of the prognosis (RR=14.213, 95% CI: 1.316 to 153.524, P=0.029). CONCLUSION: Late staging is the main clinical feature and a prognostic factor for gNENs.

title: [Clinicopathologic features and prognostic analysis of 104 XXXX with @entity356 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neuroendocrine tumor', 'tumor']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric neuroendocrine neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity3270 :: ('MESH:D018278', 'Disease') :: ['neuroendocrine carcinoma']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Few studies have been conducted to determine a correlation between the flexural modulus of metal and fiber-reinforced posts and the @entity174 resistance and failure mode of @entity4500 restored with posts. Questions remain as to whether a longer post length or a post with a higher flexural modulus will significantly improve the @entity174 resistance of a tooth restored with a prefabricated post and core. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the @entity174 resistance and mode of @entity15296 restored with 3 different post systems, including 2 fiber-reinforced posts (Light-Post and Snowlight) and a stainless steel post ( @entity26253 ). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Seventy single-rooted premolars were sectioned at the cemento-enamel junction and then endodontically treated. Teeth were distributed into 7 groups. Three different prefabricated posts were cemented into a post space either 5 or 10 mm in depth, and composite resin (ParaPost ParaCore automix) cores were fabricated. A composite resin core group without a post served as a negative control. Specimens were loaded at 90 degrees to the @entity2270 until ultimate failure occurred. An initial failure load and mode of failure were also recorded. Statistical analysis was performed for initial and ultimate failure loads of groups by using 2-way ANOVA (P=.05). RESULTS: The groups with @entity26253 posts demonstrated significantly higher initial and ultimate mean failure loads when compared with the fiber-reinforced post groups. The highest mean (SD) initial failure load was with the @entity26253 group with a 10-mm post length (170.05 (60.08) N), and the lowest was with the Snowlight group with the 5-mm post length (62.85 (18.47) N). CONCLUSIONS: The stiffness and the load to initial @entity174 of the @entity4500 restored with @entity26253 posts were higher compared with the fiber-reinforced post groups.

title: The effect of post type and length on the @entity174 resistance of endodontically treated XXXX .

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity2270 :: ('MESH:C566610', 'Disease') :: ['longitudinal axis']

entities_list: @entity15296 :: ('MESH:D019553', 'Disease') :: ['failure of endodontically treated teeth']

entities_list: @entity26253 :: ('MESH:C564731', 'Disease') :: ['ParaPost XP']

answer: @entity4500 :: (MESH:D014071,Disease) :: ['teeth']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Early intrapulmonary recurrence is a major problem after pulmonary metastasectomy related to @entity14 . However, the risk factors for early intrapulmonary recurrence are not clear. METHODS: Between August 2001 and December 2007, 125 @entity1 underwent pulmonary metastasectomy after @entity14 . The prognostic factors for overall survival were evaluated, including early (within 6 months) intrapulmonary recurrence. The factors related to early intrapulmonary recurrence were also analyzed. RESULTS: Thirteen @entity1 (10.4%) had early intrapulmonary recurrence. The median follow-up was 46 months (range, 21 to 99). Early intrapulmonary recurrence (hazard ratio 2.716; 95% confidence interval: 1.027 to 7.182; p = 0.044), extrapulmonary metastasectomy, metastatic hilar or mediastinal lymph nodes, and high prethoracotomy carcinoembryonic antigen levels were independent prognostic factors on multivariate analysis. Extrapulmonary metastasectomy (odds ratio 4.840; 95% confidence interval: 1.314 to 17.821; p = 0.018) and @entity358 (odds ratio 6.228; 95% confidence interval: 1.689 to 22.960; p = 0.006) were independent risk factors for early intrapulmonary recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: Early intrapulmonary recurrence after pulmonary metastasectomy related to @entity14 is a prognostic factor for poor overall survival. Extrapulmonary metastasectomy and @entity358 are risk factors for early intrapulmonary recurrence. Pulmonary metastasectomy in @entity1 with these risk factors should be considered carefully.

title: Early intrapulmonary recurrence after pulmonary metastasectomy related to XXXX .

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['bilateral pulmonary metastasis']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: Factors influencing @entity443 ( @entity443 ) concentrations in @entity28 are poorly understood. Preliminary observations suggest that dietary lipids may be involved and there are data confirming a direct inhibiting effect of insulin. Since only some @entity28 subjects show lowered @entity443 levels, we performed this study with the aim of defining @entity28 @entity1 with low @entity443 (LSO) (2 SD above normal values) in comparison with those presenting normal globulin concentrations (NSO). These groups were selected from a larger group of @entity28 @entity1 with a history of normal menses and aged less than 40 years. An age-matched group of normal weight healthy @entity1 served as controls. Both LSO and NSO had similar body mass index and percentage body fat, but the waist to hip girth ratio (WHR), an index of body fat distribution, was significantly higher in LSO (0.88 +/- 0.04) than in NSO (0.81 +/- 0.09; P less than 0.05). Gonadotropin and @entity342 concentrations were similar in both groups, whereas @entity1815 (E1) levels were higher in LSO (32.8 +/- 15.8 pg/ml) than in NSO (19.4 +/- 6.2 pg/ml; P less than 0.05; controls: 23.5 +/- 7.8 pg/ml; P less than 0.05). Moreover, compared to NSO, LSO @entity1 had significantly higher @entity413 -stimulated insulin and C-peptide levels. Partial regression analysis revealed significant correlation coefficients between @entity443 , stimulated insulin values (r = -0.38; P less than 0.05) and WHR (r = 0.40; P less than 0.005). Therefore, compared to NSO, LSO @entity1 have distinctive clinical and endocrine characteristics, namely more pronounced @entity3190 , higher E1 concentrations and a central type body fat distribution.

title: Characterization of XXXX @entity1 with reduced sex hormone-binding globulin concentrations.

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obese', 'obesity']

entities_list: @entity3190 :: ('MESH:D006946', 'Disease') :: ['hyperinsulinemia']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity443 :: ('6462', 'Gene') :: ['SHBG', 'sex-hormone binding globulin']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obese']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The goal of this study was to examine the association between @entity1 complications and admission to Level I @entity130 centers (TC) compared with nontrauma centers (NTC). STUDY DESIGN: This was a retrospective cohort study of data derived from the National Study on the Costs and Outcomes of @entity130 (NSCOT). @entity1 were recruited from 18 Level I TCs and 51 NTCs in 15 regions encompassing 14 states. Trained study nurses, using standardized forms, abstracted the medical records of the @entity1 . The overall number of complications per @entity1 was identified, as was the presence or absence of 13 specific complications. RESULTS: @entity1 treated in TCs were more likely to have any complication compared with @entity1 in NTCs, with an adjusted relative risk (RR) of 1.34 (95% CI, 1.03, 1.74). For individual complications, only the urinary tract infection RR of 1.94 (95% CI, 1.07, 3.17) was significantly higher in TCs. TC @entity1 were more likely to have 3 or more complications (RR, 1.83; 95% CI, 1.16, 2.90). Treatment variables that are surrogates for markers of injury severity, such as use of pulmonary artery catheters, multiple operations, massive transfusions (> 2,500 mL packed red blood cells), and invasive brain catheters, occurred significantly more often in TCs. CONCLUSIONS: @entity130 centers have a slightly higher incidence rate of complications, even after adjusting for @entity1 case mix. Aggressive treatment may account for a significant portion of TC-associated complications. Pulmonary artery catheter use and intubation had the most influence on overall TC complication rates. Additional study is needed to provide accurate benchmark measures of complication rates and to determine their causes.

title: Complication rates among XXXX centers.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['Trauma', 'trauma']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['trauma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The association of @entity31041 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) near @entity14960 gene and serum lipid profiles has never been studied in the Chinese population. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to detect the association of @entity31041 SNP and several environmental factors on serum lipid levels in the Mulao and Han populations. METHODS: A total of 639 unrelated subjects of Mulao nationality and 644 @entity1 of Han nationality were randomly selected from our previous stratified randomized cluster samples. Genotypes of the @entity14960 @entity31041 @entity4866 SNP were determined via polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism, and then confirmed by direct sequencing. RESULTS: Serum apolipoprotein (Apo) B levels were higher in Mulao than in Han (P < 0.05). There were no differences in the genotypic and allelic frequencies between the two ethnic groups (P > 0.05). High- and low-density lipoprotein @entity165 (HDL-C and LDL-C) levels in Han were different among the genotypes (P < 0.05 for each), the subjects with AG/GG genotypes had higher HDL-C and LDL-C levels than the subjects with AA genotype. Total @entity165 (TC), @entity11429 , @entity1675 and @entity755 levels in Han males were different among the genotypes (P < 0.05-0.001), the G carriers had higher TC, @entity11429 , @entity1675 and @entity755 levels than the G noncarriers. HDL-C levels in Mulao males were different among the genotypes (P < 0.05), the G carriers had lower HDL-C levels than the G noncarriers. Serum HDL-C and LDL-C levels in both ethnic groups and TG levels in Han were correlated with the genotypes or alleles (P < 0.05-0.01). TG and HDL-C levels in Mulao males and TG, @entity11429 and @entity1675 levels in Han males were correlated with genotypes or alleles (P < 0.05-0.001). TG and @entity1675 levels in Han females were associated with genotypes (P < 0.05 for each). Serum lipid parameters were also associated with several environmental factors in both ethnic groups. CONCLUSIONS: The associations of @entity14960 @entity31041 SNP and serum lipid levels are different between the Mulao and Han populations. These discrepancies might partly result from different @entity14960 gene-environmental interactions in both ethnic groups.

title: Association of the @entity14960 tribbles homolog 1 gene XXXX @entity4866 polymorphism and serum lipid levels in the Mulao and Han populations.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity4866 :: ('c|SUB|A||G', 'DNAMutation') :: ['A>G']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity31041 :: (rs17321515,SNP) :: ['rs17321515']


abstract: Main features of the benign paroxysmal positional @entity9468 (B.P.P.V.) are: latency before the onset of @entity9468 , @entity346 of the rotatory type beating toward the @entity346 out, @entity346 gets inverted when the head is brought back to orthostatism, @entity346 is reproducible as many times as the position is taken. B.P.P.V. is due to a deposit of heavy material on the cupula of the posterior semi circular canal. In this unusual condition, the cupula moves under the effect of gravity acceleration. The goal of the treatment is to free the cupula. The manoeuvre consists after determination of the position that elicits the @entity9468 to move the whole head and body together of the @entity1 to a 180 degree opposite position in which the addition to the endolymph flow forces and weight forces of the material will unstick it from the cupula. The positive result of the manoeuvre is instantly proved by the arising of a @entity346 toward the sick ear. In other words it is not the inversion of the primary @entity346 but a @entity346 beating the same direction. This is explained by the dynamic of the cupula: in the prime position the density modified cupula moves toward the canal. At the end of the manoeuvre when the velocity of the head is zero, the cupula has to support different forces. First the addition of the endolymph flow forces and the inertia of the heavy material makes the cupula move toward the ampulla. Secondly when the superficial tension forces are too high the heavy material unstick from the cupula and it goes back to its normal position. En this very moment the cupula moves toward the canal. The results are of more than 90% positive in one ore two sessions 4,2% of recurrence. The manoeuvre is unsuccessful in spontaneous @entity346 revealed by a position, in torsional @entity346 as in @entity292 or in central position @entity346 .

title: [Benign paroxysmal positional XXXX and provocative maneuvers].

entities_list: @entity346 :: ('MESH:D009759', 'Disease') :: ['rotatory nystagmus beating again', 'nystagmus', 'lower ear, nystagmus tires']

entities_list: @entity292 :: ('MESH:D005402', 'Disease') :: ['fistulas']

answer: @entity9468 :: (MESH:D014717,Disease) :: ['vertigo']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Uterine @entity1377 (UPSC) is an @entity146 with a histologic appearance and pattern of spread that resembles that of @entity4937 . The current standard therapy for advanced @entity43 , @entity900 or @entity3003 plus @entity1311 , results in high objective response rates for that @entity5 . This regimen has thus far not been evaluated in UPSC. METHODS: Twenty-four @entity1 with UPSC treated with @entity902 -based chemotherapy and @entity1311 were retrospectively evaluated. Eighteen @entity1 received these agents in the adjuvant setting (n = 9) or for disease persistent after initial surgical management (n = 9). Eleven @entity1 received one or more courses of this drug combination for recurrent disease, 5 of whom had prior exposure in the initial setting. RESULTS: Mean follow-up was 35 months (range 6-72+). A median progression-free interval (PFI) of 30 months (range 8-61+) was seen in @entity1 treated in the adjuvant setting. Objective response, indicated by normalization of an elevated prechemotherapy @entity10224 level, was seen in 8 of 9 @entity1 treated for @entity66 after initial surgery (median PFI of 13 months, range 5-38+). Objective response of both measurable and/or evaluable disease was seen in 7 of 11 @entity1 treated for recurrent disease (median PFI of 9 months, range 4-18). Six @entity1 had retreatment with one or both agents and 4 responded a second time. Overall, the regimen was well tolerated. CONCLUSION: @entity1311 and @entity902 -based chemotherapy has demonstrated activity in UPSC with acceptable @entity137 . These results merit further investigation of the possible role of these agents in @entity1 with this aggressive histologic subtype.

title: The use of XXXX and @entity902 -based chemotherapy in uterine @entity1377 .

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity1377 :: ('MESH:D002291', 'Disease') :: ['papillary serous carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['residual disease']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive malignancy']

entities_list: @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['carboplatin']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity4937 :: ('MESH:D000231', 'Disease') :: ['papillary serous adenocarcinoma of the ovary']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel', 'Paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['platinum']

answer: @entity1311 :: (MESH:D017239,Chemical) :: ['paclitaxel']


abstract: We previously reported elevated serum antibody levels to a peptide representing the @entity1530 polymorphic region ( @entity4788 peptide) in @entity1530 (+) @entity1691 ( @entity1691 ) @entity1 . A plasmid ( @entity3840 ) isolated from arthritogenic @entity14341 strains had been shown to encode an @entity535 sequence homologous to HLA- @entity4788 . Rabbit antibody to this sequence ( @entity3840 peptide) strongly cross-reacted with @entity4788 peptide and, to a much lesser extent, with Klebsiella nitrogenase peptide. Serum antibody levels to @entity3840 peptide were studied in 160 @entity5145 @entity1 . 12 of 115 (10.4%) @entity1691 @entity1 , 2 of 45 (4.4%) @entity1 with @entity6104 or @entity625 as well as 6 of 147 (4.1%) normal controls were shown to have elevated anti- @entity3840 peptide antibodies. Antibody levels to @entity4788 and @entity3840 peptides were significantly correlated in 134 @entity1530 (+) @entity1 (r = 0.333, P less than 0.001). 13 of 15 affinity-purified anti- @entity4788 peptide antibodies from @entity1 strongly cross-reacted with @entity3840 peptide, whereas only 3 weakly cross-reacted to nitrogenase peptide. @entity368 appeared to be a critical residue for this cross-reaction. @entity1691 patients' anti- @entity4788 peptide antibodies reacted with @entity1530 transfected L cells. These results may suggest that @entity3840 peptide more efficiently "mimics" @entity4788 peptide than does nitrogenase peptide. Involvement of @entity3840 in pathogenesis of @entity5145 through molecular mimicry mechanisms requires further study.

title: Autoantibodies to the @entity1530 sequence cross-react with the hypothetical peptide from the XXXX -associated Shigella plasmid.

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['reactive arthritis']

entities_list: @entity368 :: ('CHEBI:25017', 'Chemical') :: ['Leucine']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity6104 :: ('MESH:D016918', 'Disease') :: ["Reiter's syndrome"]

entities_list: @entity1691 :: ('MESH:D013167', 'Disease') :: ['ankylosing spondylitis', 'AS']

entities_list: @entity5145 :: ('MESH:D025242', 'Disease') :: ['spondylarthropathy']

entities_list: @entity14341 :: ('623', 'Species') :: ['Shigella flexneri']

answer: @entity625 :: (MESH:D001168,Disease) :: ['arthritis']


abstract: Lipid matrix based carriers are able to provide sustained release, increase the drug transport into @entity5 cells and overcome the drug resistance. Therefore, nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) were prepared and coated with @entity6496 80 to overcome the blood brain barrier for achieving effective treatment of @entity693 . NLC were prepared by melt emulsification followed by ultrasonication, producing particles of 90.7 +/- 4.28 nm size with appreciable amount of drug entrapment (49.5 +/- 2.24%), considering the hydrophilic nature of the drug. The @entity6496 80 coated @entity2592 loaded NLC (Cyt-NLC) thus produced were non-aggregated and had almost spherical, smooth and uniform shape. Results of DSC and XRD studies indicated that Cyt was entrapped inside the lipid as molecular dispersion. In-vitro release pattern showed initial fast release (15.87 +/- 1.524% in 1 h) followed by sustained release upto 72 h (89.90 +/- 1.11%). In-vitro cell line studies demonstrated that blank NLC showed no significant cytotoxic effects on leukemic @entity915 cells whereas Cyt-NLC exhibited concentration dependent @entity137 . At 48 and 72 h, @entity137 of Cyt-NLC was found to be significantly more than that of Cyt solution and the percentage cell viability decreased with increasing concentration of Cyt-NLC. The lyophilized Cyt-NLC formulation was found to be stable with respect to size and total drug content at refrigerated condition (2-8 degrees C) for 3 months. These results suggest that @entity6496 80 coated Cyt-NLC can be explored for treatment of @entity693 owing to their ability of sustained drug release and improved cytotoxic effect in leukemic @entity915 cell line.

title: Development and evaluation of nanostructured lipid carriers of @entity2592 for treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity6496 :: ('CHEBI:53426', 'Chemical') :: ['polysorbate']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity2592 :: ('MESH:D003561', 'Chemical') :: ['cytarabine']

entities_list: @entity693 :: ('MESH:D008581', 'Disease') :: ['meningeal leukemia']

answer: @entity693 :: (MESH:D008581,Disease) :: ['meningeal leukemia']


abstract: PURPOSE: This study was performed in order to evaluate the incidence of @entity989 and @entity1781 occurring after proton beam therapy for @entity2184 . METHODS: Included in this study were all @entity1 who had been treated with primary proton beam therapy for @entity2184 at the oncology service between May 1998 and June 2014 with a minimum follow-up of 12  months. Excluded were all @entity1 who underwent re-irradiation, or vitrectomy due to exudative @entity1713 or for @entity5 -resection. RESULTS: During this period, 1127 @entity1 matched the inclusion criteria, of whom 768 (68.1  %) and 463 (41.0  %) developed @entity989 and @entity1781 after a median time of 18.9  months (2.0-99.84  months) and 19.8  months (0.2-170.4  months), respectively. Mean follow-up was 53.4  months (12-170.4  months). Included were 558 @entity1 (49.5  %) and 569 @entity1 (50.5  %). Mean age was 61  years (16-89 years). Visual acuity slightly decreased from initial levels of 0.3 logMAR-0.4 logMAR in @entity1 without developing any radiation-induced complication but severely decreased to 1.0 logMAR or 1.5 logMAR in the case of developing @entity989 only or @entity1781 , respectively. Independent risk factors for @entity989 were a centrally (<2.5  mm from sensitive structures) located @entity5 or a thick @entity5 located more than 2.5  mm from sensitive structures, while those for radiation @entity1781 comprised a short distance and applied dose to the optic disk. CONCLUSION: The risk for @entity989 is higher in central @entity2184 . @entity1263 are at high risk for @entity989 and @entity1020 if presenting with increased thickness.

title: Predictive risk factors for XXXX and @entity1781 after proton beam therapy for @entity2184 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1263 :: ('MESH:D010524', 'Disease') :: ['Mid-/peripheral tumors']

entities_list: @entity1713 :: ('MESH:D012163', 'Disease') :: ['retinal detachment']

entities_list: @entity2184 :: ('MESH:C536494', 'Disease') :: ['uveal melanoma']

entities_list: @entity1781 :: ('MESH:D009901', 'Disease') :: ['optic neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['radiation retinopathy']

entities_list: @entity1020 :: ('MESH:D008268', 'Disease') :: ['maculopathy']

answer: @entity989 :: (MESH:D012164,Disease) :: ['radiation retinopathy']


abstract: PURPOSE: To report a @entity1 with @entity5902 who developed @entity1036 in absence of known risk factors. METHODS: A 17-year-old male suffering from @entity5902 presented with @entity281 . The @entity1 had been treated in the past with topical antihistaminics and vasoconstrictors. The @entity1 had not been exposed to topical @entity230 in 2 years of follow-up. He did not have @entity936 prior to the development of @entity281 . Corneal scrapings were obtained and subjected to KOH wet mount smear, calcofluor and Grams stain as well as bacterial culture sensitivity and fungal culture. RESULTS: Clinical diagnosis of @entity1036 in association with @entity5902 was supported by microbiological investigations. KOH wet mount and calcofluor staining showed presence of filamentous septate hyphae while fungal culture showed growth of aspergillus fumigatus. Antifungal therapy was initiated in the form of topical @entity5896 5% suspension to which the @entity1 responded and recovered 6/6 final visual acuity. CONCLUSION: The authors wish to conclude that @entity1 suffering from @entity5902 , even in the absence of corneal involvement, @entity134 exposure and @entity130 , may be at increased risk of developing keratomycosis.

title: XXXX in non- @entity134 exposed @entity5902 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1036 :: ('MESH:D007634', 'Disease') :: ['mycotic keratitis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infective keratitis']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity936 :: ('MESH:D015352', 'Disease') :: ['dry eye or corneal micro or macroerosions']

entities_list: @entity5896 :: ('MESH:D010866', 'Chemical') :: ['natamycin']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity5902 :: ('MESH:D003233', 'Disease') :: ['vernal conjunctivitis', 'vernal keratoconjunctivitis']

answer: @entity1036 :: (MESH:D007634,Disease) :: ['Mycotic keratitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Asthmatic @entity1 have been reported to complain about poor sleep quality. Recent research has demonstrated a relationship between sleep and circulating cytokines. This study aimed to assess the relationship between serum cytokine levels and sleep quality in @entity748 @entity1 . METHODS: After an initial screening phase at @entity566 clinic visits, 90 @entity748 @entity1 aged 6-12 years were enrolled to complete the Chinese version of the (Childhood) Asthma Control Test (ACT). A questionnaire assessing sleep quality of @entity748 @entity1 was also administered to all subjects and parents. We determined the serum levels of interleukin (IL)-4, @entity650 , @entity688 , IL-12, total @entity9416 , and protactin at enrollment. RESULTS: Subjects with an ACT score > or =20 were assigned to the well-controlled group and those with a score of 19 were assigned to the inadequately controlled group. In the well-controlled group, @entity25 had a significantly tower mean level of @entity688 and a higher mean ratio of IL-12/ @entity688 compared with the poor sleepers. Furthermore, the serum prolactin level was significantly greater in the @entity25 subgroup. In both subgroups, the concentrations of @entity650 , IL-12 and total IgE were not significant different. CONCLUSION: Good sleep is associated with a lower @entity688 level, a higher prolactin concentration, and a higher IL-12/ @entity688 ratio. Prolactin may have a potential role in this immunity shift. Thus, further insight into the functional role of cytokines on the sleep quality of @entity565 sufferers will result in the identification of novel therapeutic perspectives.

title: Sleep quality and immune mediators in XXXX @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity748 :: ('MESH:D013224', 'Disease') :: ['asthmatic']

entities_list: @entity9416 :: ('3497', 'Gene') :: ['immunoglobulin (Ig) E']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['good sleeper', 'good sleepers']

answer: @entity748 :: (MESH:D013224,Disease) :: ['asthmatic']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To report an unusual clinical course in 6 @entity1 with community-acquired acute @entity4008 and to compare clinical features with cases reported in the literature. METHODS: Case series from Dutch hospitals from 2003 to 2008. RESULTS: Five out of six @entity1 were male, age ranged from 30 to 73 years (mean age, 47 years). All @entity1 had @entity2506 , received adjunctive @entity619 treatment on admission, and made a good or excellent initial recovery. After 7 to 19 days, @entity1 @entity5122 , developing @entity10 , @entity221 , a decreased level of consciousness, brainstem signs, or @entity1269 . Imaging studies showed @entity1188 involving the thalamus or brainstem in all @entity1 . Repeated lumbar puncture showed a pleocytosis, but CSF cultures were sterile. Five @entity1 were treated with high-dose @entity230 on deterioration. Outcome was poor: 4 @entity1 died and 2 remained disabled. Autopsies, performed in 2 @entity1 , showed @entity1188 predominantly involving the posterior circulation territory, @entity715 in penetrating arteries, but no evidence of @entity1333 . We identified 5 @entity693 cases with delayed @entity455 in the literature, but these @entity1 did not exactly resemble the clinical course of our @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Delayed @entity5892 may occur in @entity1 with excellent recovery from @entity2506 . All @entity1 were treated initially with adjunctive @entity619 therapy, suggesting a @entity619 -associated effect. Pathology suggests an immunologic reaction targeting cerebral blood vessels.

title: Delayed @entity5892 after initial good recovery from XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vasculopathy']

entities_list: @entity5892 :: ('MESH:D020767', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity5122 :: ('MESH:C565430', 'Disease') :: ['suddenly deteriorated']

entities_list: @entity4008 :: ('MESH:D016920', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial meningitis']

entities_list: @entity1269 :: ('MESH:D010291', 'Disease') :: ['hemiparesis']

entities_list: @entity1333 :: ('MESH:D014657', 'Disease') :: ['vasculitis']

entities_list: @entity2506 :: ('MESH:D008586', 'Disease') :: ['pneumococcal meningitis']

entities_list: @entity693 :: ('MESH:D008581', 'Disease') :: ['meningitis']

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['dexamethasone']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarctions']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

answer: @entity2506 :: (MESH:D008586,Disease) :: ['pneumococcal meningitis']


abstract: @entity1386 ( @entity1386 ) is a multi-faceted endocrine organ involved in energy storage, metabolism, immune function and disease pathogenesis. In contrast to subcutaneous fat, visceral fat (V- @entity1386 ) has been associated with @entity66 and @entity209 , indicating specific functions related to anatomical location. Although @entity10478 are often used interchangeably in V- @entity1386 -associated disease studies, there has been a recent subdivision of V- @entity1386 into "true visceral" and non-visceral intra-abdominal compartments. These were associated with distinct physiological roles, illustrating a need for depot-specific information. Here, we use @entity10062 analysis to comparatively characterize the leukocyte and progenitor populations in the @entity455 ( @entity455 ) of peritoneal serous fluid (PSF), parametrial (pmWAT), retroperitoneal (rpWAT), and omental (omWAT) adipose tissue from seven-month old C57BL/6 female @entity19 . We found significant differences in @entity455 composition between all four microenvironments. PSF @entity455 was comprised almost entirely of @entity8236 (+) leukocytes (>99%), while omWAT contained less, but still almost two-fold more leukocytes than pmWAT and rpWAT (75%, 38% and 38% respectively; p<0.01). PmWAT was composed primarily of macrophages, whereas rpWAT more closely resembled omWAT, denoted by high levels of B1 B-cell and monocyte populations. Further, omWAT harbored significantly higher proportions of T-cells than the other tissues, consistent with its role as a secondary lymphoid organ. These @entity455 changes were also reflected in the gene expression profiles of the respective tissues. Thus, intra-abdominal fat pads represent independent immunomodulatory microenvironments and should be evaluated as distinct entities with unique contributions to physiological and pathological processes.

title: Intra-abdominal fat depots represent distinct immunomodulatory microenvironments: a XXXX model.

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['stromal vascular fraction', 'SVF']

entities_list: @entity10478 :: ('OMIM:155310', 'Disease') :: ['visceral depots']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['numerous diseases']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic disorders']

entities_list: @entity1386 :: ('MESH:D018205', 'Disease') :: ['White adipose tissue', 'WAT']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['murine']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Visuospatial processing deficits have been reported in @entity2033 ( @entity2033 ). To date, no study has examined associations between visuospatial cognition and posterior brain findings in @entity2033 . METHODS: We compared 119 premanifest (55> and 64<10.8 years to expected disease onset) and 104 early symptomatic (59 stage-1 and 45 stage-2) gene carriers, with 110 controls on @entity227 performance at baseline and 12 months. In the disease groups, we also examined associations between task performance and disease severity, functional capacity and structural brain measures. RESULTS: Cross-sectionally, there were strong differences between all disease groups and controls on @entity227 , and between diagnosed groups and controls on @entity717 accuracy. Only the premanifest @entity1 close to onset took longer than controls to respond correctly to @entity717 . Visual search negatively correlated with disease burden and motor symptoms in diagnosed individuals, and positively correlated with functional capacity. @entity717 ("same") was negatively correlated with motor symptoms in stage-2 individuals, and positively correlated with functional capacity. @entity227 were associated with parieto-occipital (pre-/cuneus, calcarine, lingual) and temporal (posterior fusiform) volume and cortical thickness. Longitudinally, @entity227 over 12 months in stage-2 individuals, with no evidence of declines in @entity717 . CONCLUSIONS: Our findings provide evidence linking early @entity409 in @entity2033 . The findings are important since large research efforts have focused on fronto-striatal mediated cognitive changes, with little attention given to aspects of cognition outside of these areas. (JINS, 2016, 22, 1-14).

title: Visuospatial Processing Deficits Linked to Posterior Brain Regions in Premanifest and Early Stage XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['Visual search and mental rotation', 'visual search and mental rotation', 'visual search deteriorated', 'visual search']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['visuospatial deficits to functioning and posterior cortical dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity2033 :: ('MESH:D006816', 'Disease') :: ["Huntington's disease", 'HD']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['Mental rotation', 'mental rotation']

answer: @entity2033 :: (MESH:D006816,Disease) :: ['Huntington's Disease']


abstract: Thyroid gland is the largest endocrine gland in the body. The thyroid gland produces hormones that regulate the metabolism rate, affect the growth and many functions of various organ systems. Nuclear medicine technique is very useful diagnostic tool in detecting @entity1374 . Thyroid scintigraphy can reveal functional and anatomic information of thyroid gland. A variety of radiopharmaceuticals and methodologies have been used over the years in nuclear medicine. @entity1496 -131 has been used to image the thyroid several decades. Radioactive @entity1496 I-131 is useful for the treatment of @entity1378 and @entity259 . There were 100 @entity1 included in the study who were treated with I-131. The @entity1 were checked 6 months and 12 months after the beginning of the treatment. The results show normalization of the laboratory parameters and hormonal status at the control examinations after 6 months and 12 months therapy with I-131. The side effects did not appear in any of the @entity1 , which demonstrates safe application.

title: Efficiency and safety of radioactive @entity1496 I-131 in treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1378 :: ('MESH:D006980', 'Disease') :: ['hyperthyroidism']

entities_list: @entity259 :: ('MESH:D013964', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid cancer']

entities_list: @entity1374 :: ('MESH:D013959', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid disease']

answer: @entity1374 :: (MESH:D013959,Disease) :: ['thyroid disease']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity546 may be associated with urethral @entity130 in 1% to 38% of cases. We present our experience in treating 8 such cases. METHODS: Data were collected retrospectively from hospital records and from out- @entity1 department follow-up visits. RESULTS: The mean age of the @entity1 was 30.4 years; @entity130 during coitus was the most common cause of the @entity546 . One @entity1 presented after 7 days. Two @entity1 had normal examination of their penis despite typical history. All @entity174 were repaired on an emergency basis via subcoronal incision. In 2 @entity1 with normal findings, the urethra had to be mobilized to locate the site of the injury. In 1 @entity1 , the site of the urethral @entity130 was 1 cm away from the site of the @entity130 , which was localized by injecting sterile @entity6693 per urethra. Postoperatively, all @entity1 voided with good flow and had erections with adequate @entity2003 . CONCLUSION: A high level of suspicion for @entity130 during surgical exploration is warranted, especially in the presence of suggestive history and examination.

title: XXXX and associated @entity130 : Experience at a tertiary care hospital.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures']

entities_list: @entity6693 :: ('MESH:D008751', 'Chemical') :: ['methylene blue']

entities_list: @entity546 :: ('MESH:D004414', 'Disease') :: ['Penile fracture', 'penile fracture']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['urethral injury', 'trauma', 'corporal injury']

answer: @entity546 :: (MESH:D004414,Disease) :: ['Penile fracture']


abstract: OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: The pathophysiology of @entity1282 caused by @entity4798 varies with the site of the lesion in the brain. @entity1 with suprabulbar lesions have demonstrated delayed triggering of pharyngeal stage including delayed laryngeal elevation. @entity1 with severe pharyngeal stage delay have a high risk of intractable @entity1173 to the lower respiratory tract. Despite this, few studies have compared the pharyngeal stage delay with the lesion site. We defined a new temporal parameter of the pharyngeal stage delay to assess laryngeal elevation delay against the bolus inflow into the pharyngeal space. This study aimed to elucidate whether this parameter of pharyngeal stage delay is clinically useful to assess the pathophysiology of @entity75 after @entity4798 . STUDY DESIGN: Case-control study. METHODS: Videofluoroscopic assessment of swallowing examinations was performed from January 7, 2000 to March 29, 2011 at Kyushu University Hospital. We evaluated the pharyngeal stage delay using motion analysis on videofluoroscopic swallowing examination in @entity1 with normal swallowing and @entity4798 @entity1 divided into pathophysiologic lesion groups. Laryngeal elevation delay time and pharyngeal delay time were analyzed. RESULTS: Significant differences in laryngeal elevation delay time were observed between each pathophysiologic lesion group. However, pharyngeal delay time remained similar among groups. @entity4798 of corticobulbar tract and basal ganglion were significantly associated with laryngeal elevation delay time prolongation. CONCLUSIONS: Laryngeal elevation delay time with low-viscosity contrast medium is a recommended parameter to discriminate the corticobulbar tract and the @entity21915 .

title: Videofluoroscopic assessment of pharyngeal stage delay reflects pathophysiology after XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4798 :: ('MESH:D020520', 'Disease') :: ['Brain infarctions', 'brain infarction']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain lesions']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['dysphagia']

entities_list: @entity21915 :: ('MESH:D020145', 'Disease') :: ['basal ganglion lesion']

entities_list: @entity1173 :: ('MESH:D053120', 'Disease') :: ['aspiration']

answer: @entity4798 :: (MESH:D020520,Disease) :: ['brain infarction']


abstract: PURPOSE: Isolated @entity154 of the stapes are infrequent but highly variable. The goal of this study is to present the numerous observed anomalies based on a large number of cases, and to describe anatomical variations and @entity600 of the stapes using high-resolution computed tomography (CT), after proper reorientation in the "axial stapes" plane. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The 1805 CT of temporal bones performed during the past 5 years have been retrospectively studied. After reconstructing the images in the stapes axial plane, the ears presenting a @entity154 of the stapes were included in this study. All the ears with acquired lesions were excluded. The anomalies have been sorted according to the affected part of the stapes: the superstructure, the footplate or the obturator foramen. Two neuroradiologists classified the anomalies as either anatomical variation, @entity600 , or undetermined. RESULTS: Sixty-one stapes in 47 @entity1 were found to have one or more congenitally abnormal shapes (bilateral anomalies were found in 14 of these @entity1 ). The abnormal part of the stapes was the superstructure in 17 cases, the footplate in 13 cases, the obturator foramen in 19 cases (with a high frequency of "double stapes" shape) while in 12 cases multiple parts were affected. CONCLUSION: The use of ossicle reconstructions in the "axial stapes" plane with current multislice CT allows analyzing even minor @entity154 of the stapes. The boundaries between normal variations and @entity600 are sometimes difficult to set, especially when anomalies are minor. Malformations are more easily diagnosed when multiple parts of the stapes are affected.

title: High-resolution computed tomography of isolated XXXX of the stapes: a pictural review using oblique multiplanar reformation in the "axial stapes" plane.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['congenital anomaly', 'congenital anomalies']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['malformations', 'malformation']

answer: @entity154 :: (MESH:D000013,Disease) :: ['congenital anomalies']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: In this article, we have investigated the translational and rotational diffusion of two structurally similar but differently charged solutes ( @entity19501 Perchlorate and @entity941 salt) in @entity28173 ( @entity9833 )- @entity1042 ( @entity11804 ) mixture to understand the effect of added ionic liquid on the motion of the solutes. @entity9833 and @entity11804 both are amphiphilic molecules and characterized by extended @entity3884 bonding network. Recently, Russina et al found that a wide distribution of clusters exist in @entity11804 rich region (0.10 <=  _EAN <=0.15) and @entity9833 molecules preserve their bulk-sponge like morphology (Russina, O.; Sferrazza, A.; Caminiti, R.; Triolo, A. J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2014, 5, 1738-1742). The effect of this microheterogeneous mixture on the solute's motion shows some interesting results compared to other PIL (Protic Ionic liquid)-cosolvent mixtures. Analysis of the time resolved anisotropy data with the aid of Stokes-Einstein-Debye (SED) hydrodynamic theory predicts that the reorientation time of both the solutes appear close to the stick hydrodynamic line at @entity1042 rich region. The @entity3884 bond accepting solutes experience specific interaction with @entity11804 and with increasing concentration of @entity9833 , the specific interaction between the solute and solvent molecules is decreased while the decrease is more prominent in the low mole fraction of @entity9833 due to the large size of cluster formation. The temperature dependent anisotropy measurements show that the @entity3884 bonding interaction between @entity9833 and @entity11804 is increased with increasing the temperature. Moreover, Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy (FCS) shows the dynamic heterogeneity of the mixture which is due to the segregation of the alkyl chain of the PIL. Formation of large cluster at low mole fraction of IL (0.10 <=   _EAN <=0.15) can be proved by the insensitivity of the translational diffusion and rotational activation energy of the solutes to the concentration of @entity9833 . Thus, the result of the work suggests that the addition of @entity9833 to the @entity11804 affect the specific interaction between solute and solvent and as a consequence, the translational as well as the rotational motion of the solutes are modulated.

title: Translational and Rotational Diffusion of Two Differently Charged Solutes in @entity28173 - XXXX Mixture: Does the Nanostructure of the Amphiphiles Influence the Motion of the Solute?

entities_list: @entity3884 :: ('MESH:D006859', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrogen']

entities_list: @entity1042 :: ('MESH:D000432', 'Chemical') :: ['methanol', 'Methanol']

entities_list: @entity941 :: ('MESH:D019793', 'Chemical') :: ['Fluorescein sodium']

entities_list: @entity28173 :: ('MESH:C421484', 'Chemical') :: ['Ethylammonium Nitrate']

entities_list: @entity19501 :: ('CHEBI:52672', 'Chemical') :: ['Rhodamine 6G']

answer: @entity1042 :: (MESH:D000432,Chemical) :: ['Methanol']


abstract: @entity1 with @entity1583 frequently suffer from @entity358 as a complication. However, it is difficult to discriminate leukemic invasion into the lung from @entity358 . The serum level of @entity2355 ( @entity2355 ), which is a mucin-like glycoprotein, is increased in more than 70% of @entity1 with @entity401 . @entity9914 ( @entity9914 ) is produced mainly in the lung by alveolar type II and bronchiolar epithelial cells and is a useful serum marker for @entity401 . We therefore measured the levels of @entity2355 and @entity9914 in sera from 128 @entity1 (76 males and 52 females, mean age: 59 years) with @entity1583 , including @entity1619 ( @entity1619 ). Overall, the increase in @entity2355 or @entity9914 , above each cut-off value (500 U/ml for @entity2355 and 110 ng/ml for @entity9914 ), was detected in 11 @entity1 (8.6%) or 10 @entity1 (7.8%), respectively. In contrast, among 67 @entity1619 @entity1 , 15 @entity1 had high serum levels of @entity2355 and/or @entity9914 ; both were elevated in 2 @entity1 , only @entity2355 was elevated in 6 @entity1 and only @entity9914 was elevated in 7 patients. Thus, serum @entity2355 and @entity9914 appear to be elevated in a mutually exclusive manner in @entity1619 . Indeed, high serum levels of @entity2355 were closely related to the stage of @entity1619 , while the serum @entity9914 was elevated in @entity1619 @entity1 with @entity358 . In conclusion, the combined measurement of @entity2355 and @entity9914 in @entity1619 may become a useful means to discriminate @entity358 from @entity358 .

title: Elevation of serum @entity2355 glycoprotein or XXXX in @entity1619 with distinct @entity358 .

entities_list: @entity1619 :: ('MESH:D015458', 'Disease') :: ['ATL', 'adult T-cell leukemia']

entities_list: @entity9914 :: ('6441', 'Gene') :: ['Surfactant protein-D', 'SP-D']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['infectious pulmonary complications', 'leukemic pulmonary lesions', 'pulmonary infection', 'lung diseases']

entities_list: @entity1583 :: ('MESH:D019337', 'Disease') :: ['hematological malignancies']

entities_list: @entity401 :: ('MESH:D017563', 'Disease') :: ['interstitial pneumonia']

answer: @entity9914 :: (6441,Gene) :: ['surfactant protein-D']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although electrocoagulation at time of endobronchial biopsy can potentially reduce procedure-related @entity548 during fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FOB), it can also impair quality of tissue specimen; credible data for either are lacking. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of hot biopsy on the quality of tissue samples and to quantify the amount of procedure-related @entity548 during endobronchial biopsy. METHODS: In this single-center, prospective, single-blind, randomized controlled study we included adult @entity1 referred for FOB and having @entity75 . @entity1 were randomized to bronchial biopsy using an electrocoagulation-enabled biopsy forceps, with (EC+ group) or without (EC- group) application of electrocoagulation current (40 W for 10 s in a monopolar mode). Procedure-related @entity548 was semi-quantified by observer description, as well as through a visual analogue scale. Overall quality of biopsy specimen and tissue damage were assessed and graded by a pulmonary pathologist blinded to FOB details. RESULT: 160 @entity1 were randomized to endobronchial biopsy with (n = 81) or without (n = 79) the application of electrocoagulation. There were no severe @entity548 episodes in either group, and severity of @entity548 in the EC+ and EC- groups was similar (median visual analogue scale scores of 14 and 16, respectively). Histopathological diagnosis was similar in the EC+ and EC- groups (77.8% and 82.3%, respectively). There was no significant difference in tissue quality between the two groups. CONCLUSION: Use of electrocoagulation-enabled endobronchial biopsy does not alter specimen quality and does not result in any significant reduction in procedure-related @entity548 .

title: A randomized controlled trial of electrocoagulation-enabled biopsy versus conventional biopsy in the diagnosis of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['endobronchial lesions']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

answer: @entity75 :: (MESH:D001927,Disease) :: ['endobronchial lesions']


abstract: @entity943 continue to complicate the postoperative course of @entity1 following coronary artery bypass grafting. In a randomized, open, controlled trial we assessed the value of two different beta-blocking agents in the prevention and treatment of these @entity943 . Of 151 consecutive @entity1 undergoing coronary artery surgery, 39 were treated with @entity1406 and 41 were treated with @entity2778 ( @entity477 blocker with class III antiarrhythmic properties). Fifty @entity1 served as a control group and received no prophylactic therapy. Twenty-one @entity1 were eliminated from the study for various reasons, making a final total of 130 in the study group. In the @entity1406 group 15.3% of @entity1 developed @entity4710 after coronary artery surgery, which was significantly less (p less than 0.05) than the incidence observed in the control group. However, in the group of @entity1 receiving @entity2778 , 2.4% developed SVT (p less than 0.01 compared with the control group). Of 18 @entity1 in the control group who developed SVT after randomization, 10 received @entity2778 and 4 @entity1406 to terminate the @entity943 . The mean time of termination of SVT after drug administration was 2.4 +/- 1.8 hours for treatment with @entity2778 and 13.6 +/- 9.8 hours for treatment with @entity1406 . We conclude that @entity2778 significantly reduces the incidence of @entity4710 in the early period after coronary artery bypass surgery.

title: Prevention and treatment of XXXX shortly after coronary artery bypass grafting: a randomized open trial.

entities_list: @entity1406 :: ('MESH:D008790', 'Chemical') :: ['metoprolol']

entities_list: @entity4710 :: ('MESH:D013617', 'Disease') :: ['supraventricular tachycardia', 'supraventricular tachycardia SVT']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['Supraventricular arrhythmias', 'arrhythmias', 'arrhythmia']

answer: @entity4710 :: (MESH:D013617,Disease) :: ['supraventricular tachycardia']