abstract: BACKGROUND/AIM: There is a perception that in @entity1 with @entity299 in Serbia sexual rehabilitation does not exist. Why do we not perform our job? A kind of resistance to sexual rehabilitation is common for @entity299 @entity1 . Prejudices regarding @entity1 ' sexuality, fear and limited knowledge are not rare among the members of medical staff. The aim of this study was to assess knowledge on sexual rehabilitation, inner sense during conversation on sexual rehabilitation and quality of sexual life in @entity1 with @entity583 ( @entity583 ) and @entity1104 ( @entity1104 ). Also, we wanted to assess an opinion of the medical staff members about that. METHODS: We performed a prospective nonrandomized clinical study, which involved 40 @entity1 : ten @entity1 , six partners and twenty four medical staff members. All @entity1 were tested by the self-created questionnaires. The main issues of observation were: knowledge about sexual rehabilitation, quality of sexual life and inner sense during conversation on sexual rehabilitation. The data were analyzed by the Shapiro-Wilk test, Kolmogorov Smirnov test, Mann Whitney Exact test and Fishers Exact test. Statistical significance was set up to p < 0.05. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant difference among the @entity1 regarding an attitude when sexual activity should be resumed after @entity583 or @entity1104 . The members of medical staff had a significantly different opinion about the most important team members responsible for sexual rehabilitation performance. There was a statistically significant difference (p = 0.01) in quality of @entity1 's @entity583 (score: 14.2 +/- 5.5) in relation to conditions before them (score: 21.3 +/- 3.1). The members of medical staff had significantly (P = 0.05) worse inner sense (score: 3.8 +/- 0.7) during and after fulfilling the questionnaires than the @entity1 (score: 4.6 +/- 0.5). CONCLUSION: Ignorance and prejudices are reasons why we do not perform our job.

title: Sexual rehabilitation after @entity583 and coronary XXXX : why do we not perform our job?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'MI', 'sexual life after MI or BPS']

entities_list: @entity1104 :: ('MESH:D000267', 'Disease') :: ['bypass surgery', 'BPS']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart diseases', 'heart disease']

answer: @entity1104 :: (MESH:D000267,Disease) :: ['bypass surgery']


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine the prevalence of childhood @entity1939 and @entity2194 in a rural pediatric population in South India. METHODS: A population-based, cross-sectional survey of @entity1 was conducted in three phases in Pavagada and Madhugiri taluks (subdivisions) of Tumkur district in the state of Karnataka, India. In the first phase, trained fieldworkers screened 23,100 @entity1 . In the second phase, @entity1 with @entity2194 were referred to the peripheral hospital to be examined by a general ophthalmologist. In the third phase, @entity1 with major @entity2194 were examined by a pediatric ophthalmologist. RESULTS: The prevalence of @entity2194 was 2.66% (95% confidence interval, CI, 2.46-2.87%). The most commonly observed @entity2194 was Bitot spots (1%) followed by @entity2516 (0.6%). In total, 18 @entity1 were blind and the prevalence of childhood @entity1939 (best-corrected visual acuity <3/60) was 0.08% (95% CI 0.04-0.11%); 8 (44.44%) had @entity11103 , 5 (27.76%) had lens-related @entity1939 , 2 (11.11%) had bilateral microphthalmos, 1 (5.56%) was blind due to anterior @entity1716 in the right eye and @entity17347 (5.56%) had bilateral uveal coloboma and 1 (5.56%) had cortical @entity227 . CONCLUSIONS: Nearly half of the @entity1939 in the population was due to unavoidable causes (retinal). In addition to providing eye care services, an appropriate service delivery model would include the provision of rehabilitative and low vision services and implementation of genetic studies to understand the causes and increase awareness of @entity2788 .

title: Prevalence of Childhood Blindness and XXXX in a Rural Pediatric Population in Southern India: The Pavagada Pediatric Eye Disease Study-1.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity2194 :: ('MESH:D005128', 'Disease') :: ['ocular morbidity', 'eye diseases']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual impairment']

entities_list: @entity2516 :: ('MESH:D012030', 'Disease') :: ['refractive error']

entities_list: @entity11103 :: ('MESH:C536600', 'Disease') :: ['retinal blindness']

entities_list: @entity1716 :: ('MESH:C536352', 'Disease') :: ['staphyloma']

entities_list: @entity1939 :: ('MESH:D001766', 'Disease') :: ['blindness']

entities_list: @entity17347 :: ('MESH:D000853', 'Disease') :: ['anophthalmos in the left eye, 1']

entities_list: @entity2788 :: ('MESH:D015785', 'Disease') :: ['inherited eye diseases']

answer: @entity2194 :: (MESH:D005128,Disease) :: ['Ocular Morbidity']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To analyse the spatial distribution of @entity1906 in Antananarivo and investigate risk factors. METHODS: @entity358 data were collected through passive case detection in 16 @entity378 Diagnostic and Treatment Centers (DTC). New cases listed in the DTC registers from 2004 to 2006 and resident in Antananarivo were included in the study. Field workers of the national control program conducted household surveys of all cases to collect complementary information on socio-economic status. @entity1906 spatial organization and risk factors were analysed over two successive periods (August 2004-July 2005, August 2005-July 2006); analysis was done at the neighbourhood level, by searching for spatial clusters with the spatial scan test. RESULTS: 3075 @entity1907 new cases were reported in Antananarivo from 2004 to 2006. The average incidence during the study period was 74/100,000 inhabitants (95% CI: 64.9-84.5). Spatial clusters occurred in three of the six arrondissements (districts) of the city (192 neighbourhoods). A decrease in clustering was observed with movement towards the southern neighbourhood. CONCLUSION: The change in risk of a @entity1906 cluster was linked to socio-economic (e.g. household amount of ownership of tap water) and @entity1 care factors (e.g. @entity1 lost to follow-up).

title: Spatial clustering of XXXX and impact of the care factors in Antananarivo City.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['Pulmonary TB']

entities_list: @entity378 :: ('MESH:D014376', 'Disease') :: ['Tuberculosis']

entities_list: @entity1907 :: ('MESH:D014397', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary tuberculosis']

answer: @entity1907 :: (MESH:D014397,Disease) :: ['pulmonary tuberculosis']


abstract: @entity1120 ( @entity1120 ), results in a @entity532 including @entity2331 , @entity170 , and @entity2530 , but there is little published information regarding @entity174 . Findings from this observational study indicated that the prevalence of @entity174 in a cohort of adult French @entity1120 @entity1 is approximately 15%. INTRODUCTION: The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence and characteristics of @entity174 in a cohort of adult @entity1 with @entity1120 . METHODS: This study was performed in adult @entity1 with @entity1120 based on a detailed and complete clinical examination. For all @entity1 for whom @entity174 were reported, a specific questionnaire was sent to physicians, and imaging data were collected, when available, for centralized analysis. RESULTS: Data were collected from a total of 105 adult @entity1120 @entity1 . Bone complications were reported in 85% of @entity1 , among whom @entity174 were diagnosed in 16 (15%); seven @entity1 and nine @entity1 (mean age, 45 years). We observed five @entity1 with multiple @entity174 and one @entity1 in whom the T3 vertebra was fractured. Most of these @entity1 did not report fracture-related back @entity158 . CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of @entity174 in this cohort of adult @entity1 with @entity1120 was 15%. Greater awareness of the natural history of @entity174 in @entity1120 , and rigorous monitoring of @entity79 and spine involvement in affected @entity1 , should allow earlier detection and initiation of treatment tailored toward improving bone status.

title: @entity174 in @entity1120 : data from the @entity1120 ( XXXX ).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['vertebral fractures']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity532 :: ('MESH:D003925', 'Disease') :: ['range of skeletal complications']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone fragility']

entities_list: @entity2331 :: ('MESH:D001851', 'Disease') :: ['osteopenia']

entities_list: @entity1120 :: ('MESH:D005776', 'Disease') :: ['GD1', 'Gaucher disease type 1']

entities_list: @entity2530 :: ('MESH:D010020', 'Disease') :: ['osteonecrosis']

answer: @entity1120 :: (MESH:D005776,Disease) :: ['FROG']


abstract: @entity2745 ( @entity2745 ) is caused by heterozygous loss-of-function mutations in the @entity460 -sensing receptor ( @entity1631 ), in which the lifelong @entity2741 is generally asymptomatic. Homozygous loss-of-function @entity1631 mutations manifest as @entity24276 ( @entity24276 ), a @entity395 characterized by extreme @entity2741 and the bony changes of @entity2742 , which occur in infancy. Activating mutations in the @entity1631 gene have been identified in several families with @entity74 ( @entity74 ), @entity74 , or hypocalcemic @entity5200 . Individuals with @entity74 may have mild @entity3747 and relatively few symptoms. However, in some cases @entity410 can occur, especially in younger @entity1 , and these often happen during febrile episodes due to intercurrent @entity281 . Thus far, 112 naturally-occurring mutations in the @entity1 @entity1631 gene have been reported, of which 80 are unique and 32 are recurrent. To better understand the mutations causing defects in the @entity1631 gene and to define specific regions relevant for ligand-receptor interaction and other receptor functions, the data on mutations were collected and the information was centralized in the CASRdb (www.casrdb.mcgill.ca), which is easily and quickly accessible by search engines for retrieval of specific information. The information can be searched by mutation, genotype-phenotype, clinical data, in vitro analyses, and authors of publications describing the mutations. CASRdb is regularly updated for new mutations and it also provides a mutation submission form to ensure up-to-date information. The home page of this database provides links to different web pages that are relevant to the @entity1631 , as well as disease clinical pages, sequence of the @entity1631 gene exons, and position of mutations in the @entity1631 . The CASRdb will help researchers to better understand and analyze the mutations, and aid in structure-function analyses.

title: CASRdb: XXXX -sensing receptor locus-specific database for mutations causing familial (benign) hypocalciuric @entity2741 , @entity24276 , and @entity74 .

entities_list: @entity3747 :: ('MESH:D006996', 'Disease') :: ['hypocalcemia']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'human']

entities_list: @entity2741 :: ('MESH:D006934', 'Disease') :: ['hypercalcemia']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity2745 :: ('MESH:C537145', 'Disease') :: ['FHH', 'Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia']

entities_list: @entity24276 :: ('MESH:C563375', 'Disease') :: ['NSHPT', 'neonatal severe hyperparathyroidism']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['autosomal dominant hypoparathyroidism', 'autosomal dominant hypocalcemia', 'ADH']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity395 :: ('MESH:D035583', 'Disease') :: ['rare disorder']

entities_list: @entity5200 :: ('MESH:D053565', 'Disease') :: ['hypercalciuria']

entities_list: @entity2742 :: ('MESH:D006961', 'Disease') :: ['hyperparathyroidism']

answer: @entity460 :: (MESH:D002118,Chemical) :: ['calcium']


abstract: Analysis of relative polyp locations in 426 consecutive @entity1 with multiple @entity1586 found on colonoscopy showed novel findings. First, synchronous and metachronous @entity1127 showed spatial clustering in individual @entity1 . For example, @entity1 with their largest @entity5 in the cecum or proximal ascending colon, had 34.3 percent +/- 4.6 percent (standard error) of their other @entity694 in the same location. Second, @entity5072 @entity1127 showed spatial clustering in individuals that was statistically significantly greater than expected from the increased @entity5072 polyp concentration in the rectum and sigmoid. Third, @entity5072 @entity1127 showed spatial clustering with @entity1127 ; this clustering was similar in magnitude to clustering for exclusively @entity5072 or @entity1127 . In contrast, @entity362 were not spatially clustered with @entity5072 and @entity1127 . The magnitude of clustering between @entity1373 and @entity5 showed a closer association between these histologic types than previously appreciated. Because of clustering, regions with prior @entity1127 appear to merit closer surveillance. These findings suggest clinical study, using a randomized controlled clinical trial, of whether a @entity1 who had only rectal and sigmoid @entity652 on initial and follow-up colonoscopy should have surveillance with flexible sigmoidoscopy alternating annually with colonoscopy. A @entity1 with a prior cecal @entity652 should have surveillance only with a complete colonoscopy or adequate cecal views on barium enema.

title: Spatial clustering of multiple XXXX , adenomatous, and malignant @entity1586 in individual @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1127 :: ('MESH:D011127', 'Disease') :: ['polyps', 'neoplastic polyps']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplasia', 'neoplasm']

entities_list: @entity5072 :: ('MESH:D000796', 'Disease') :: ['hyperplastic']

entities_list: @entity1373 :: ('MESH:D006965', 'Disease') :: ['hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['adenoma', 'adenomas']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colonic neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity1586 :: ('MESH:D003111', 'Disease') :: ['colonic polyps']

answer: @entity5072 :: (MESH:D000796,Disease) :: ['hyperplastic']


abstract: Purpose. To prospectively evaluate regional referrals into a soft tissue @entity242 service from outside the tertiary centre with local hospital imaging. Materials and Methods. Consecutive referrals were prospectively assessed for: @entity1 demographics, source, referral date, date received by Multidisciplinary Team (MDT), lesion size, local radiology, MDT radiology and final diagnoses. Radiology diagnosis was categorised benign, indeterminate or malignant by consensus. Delays were defined as >10 days. Results. 112 @entity1 were included with high correlation between local and MDT radiology categrorisation and histology (P = 0.54 and P = 0.49, resp.). There was only a trend for MDT radiology diagnosis to downgrade local imaging diagnosis (n = 15, P > 0.05). 48 cases (43%) had ultrasound and MRI at referral and 20 (18%) ultrasound only. 85% of cases were benign ( @entity362 most common), 15% malignant ( @entity242 most common). Delay occurred in 34% of cases. Discussion. In comparison to previous series these results show a reduction in benign lesions, increased biopsy and @entity5 rate for lesions referred to a tertiary centre when imaging is performed and reviewed by local radiologists. Advances in Knowledge. Imaging triage of soft tissue masses can decrease benign referral rates and increase the proportion of indeterminate and @entity5 referred to specialist centres.

title: Assessment of referrals into the soft tissue XXXX service: evaluation of imaging early in the pathway process.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant lesions', 'malignancy']

answer: @entity242 :: (MESH:D012509,Disease) :: ['sarcoma']


abstract: PURPOSE: To elucidate the involvement of illumination in @entity3194 (ICG) @entity989 . METHODS: We incubated isolated @entity35 retinas with or without illumination after exposure to 0.5% ICG. We also examined whether a time lag following ICG exposure before illumination altered the damage. @entity137 was evaluated by histologic and biochemical assays, including measurement of @entity880 dehydrogenase release. RESULTS: Retinas fixed immediately after ICG exposure showed minimal morphologic changes. However, illumination for 3 hours at 34 degrees C starting after washout of ICG selectively damaged the outer nuclear layer. Retinas incubated for 3 hours under the same condition in the dark showed preserved morphology but were damaged by subsequent illumination. When retinas were illuminated after washout of ICG at a lower temperature (30 degrees C), the damage was attenuated. Results obtained using @entity880 dehydrogenase release were consistent with these morphologic changes. CONCLUSIONS: Incubating retinas in the dark and cooling after ICG exposure significantly inhibited @entity989 , suggesting that ICG interacts with illumination to induce @entity989 .

title: Involvement of illumination in @entity3194 XXXX after its washout in the ex vivo @entity35 retina.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['Toxicity']

entities_list: @entity3194 :: ('MESH:D007208', 'Chemical') :: ['indocyanine green']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['retinal toxicity', 'retinal damage']

answer: @entity137 :: (MESH:D064420,Disease) :: ['toxicity']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effects of @entity1735 ( @entity435 ) supplementation on whole-body and net muscle substrate use during 10 h of discontinuous exercise, simulating occupational settings in @entity1 and @entity1 . METHODOLOGY: Recreationally trained subjects (N = 7 males, N = 6 females) performed a graded exercise test on a treadmill (TM) and cycle ergometer (CE) to determine ventilatory threshold (VT) and V O2peak. In a double-blind, randomized crossover design, subjects received either @entity435 [20% maltodextrin (0.6 g.kg FFM.h)] or flavored placebo ( @entity1989 ) drink each hour across 10 h of exercise. Exercise intensity was 71.3 +/- 3% and 72.4 +/- 4% VT for TM and CE, respectively. Hourly exercise included 9 min of upper-body ergometery, 19 min of cycling, and 20 min of treadmill walking, with a 1-min transition between modes, followed by a 10-min rest and feeding period. The protocol was selected to simulate arduous occupational settings. Vastus lateralis biopsies were obtained before and after exercise. Expired gases were collected every other hour to establish average rates of whole-body @entity435 and fat oxidation. Blood @entity413 (BG) was measured continuously. RESULTS: Whole-body @entity435 oxidation was maintained during @entity435 trial compared with the @entity1989 trial. Net muscle glycogen use was 52% higher for the @entity1989 trial (176.0 +/- 16.7, 117.0 +/- 20.9 and 164.5 +/- 11.0, 133.8 +/- 10.9 mmol.kg w.w. for @entity1989 and @entity435 , respectively, P < 0.05). There were no significant sex-specific differences in glycogen use, whole-body substrate oxidation, or BG values. CONCLUSION: The ingestion of @entity435 during long-duration exercise decreases net muscle glycogen use while better maintaining whole-body @entity1735 oxidation, and potentially increasing performance in field settings. There are limited differences in sex-specific substrate oxidation.

title: Exogenous @entity1735 spares muscle glycogen in @entity1 and XXXX during 10 h of exercise.

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: Of the medical staff of our hospital 217 members at high risk for @entity1956 were immunized with an experimental @entity1956 vaccine and anti-HBs titers used to study the influence of two dosage schedules, age, and sex on immunogenicity. @entity1 were 34 years of age (mean; range, 20-61); they were divided into two groups and vaccinated three times. Group A received 42 micrograms HBsAg for each vaccination. Group B received 84 micrograms for the first and 21 micrograms for the second and third vaccinations. The seroconversion rate was 32.7% after the first, 78.8% after the second, and 95.7% after the third vaccination. The @entity1 who failed to produce anti-HBs titer (3 IU/l; n = 9) or whose anti-HBs titers were below 50 IU/l (n = 31) were vaccinated a fourth time. Only mild side effects of injections were observed in a third of all @entity1 , usually in the form of a sore arm. Between groups A and B there were no significant differences as far as the seroconversion rate and anti-HBs titer were concerned. Nonresponders plus low-responders accounted for 19%. Female @entity1 produced a markedly higher anti-HBs titer than males, and the female/male ratio among non- and low-responders was 1:2; among nonresponders, 1:2.5. There was a negative correlation of the anti-HBs titer with the age of the @entity1 . These results not only have practical consequences for revaccination policy, but also offer the opportunity to further study the genetic regulation of the immune response to a complex peptide antigen in @entity1 .

title: German experimental XXXX vaccine--influence of variation of dosage schedule, sex and age differences on immunogenicity in health care workers.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Participants', 'man', 'participants']

entities_list: @entity1956 :: ('MESH:D006509', 'Disease') :: ['hepatitis B']

answer: @entity1956 :: (MESH:D006509,Disease) :: ['hepatitis B']


abstract: The number of mitoses per high power field (mitotic index, MI) was assessed in 2 microns sections of lymph node biopsies from 58 adults with @entity1893 . All had diffuse @entity706 of unfavourable histology and @entity34 . The @entity1 were treated with chemotherapy and followed for a minimum of 3 years or until @entity204 . None out of 29 @entity1 with a MI greater than or equal to 3.0 survived for 3 years after diagnosis whereas 13 out of 29 other @entity1 with MI less than 3.0 became long-term survivors (P = 0.00002). Differences in age, sex or clinical stage between short- and long-term survivors were negligible. The initial chemotherapy regimens were not more intense for the long-term survivors. Twenty-nine @entity1 were given an equivalent initial treatment with @entity3726 or @entity3726 plus @entity1499 . The association between MIs and survival was evident also in this subgroup. The results indicate that survival is extremely poor for @entity1 with advanced diffuse @entity706 of unfavourable histology and a high mitotic count. It seems especially important to evaluate alternative chemotherapy regimens, suggested to be more effective than current programmes, in this subset of @entity1 .

title: Mitotic activity and survival in advanced XXXX of unfavourable histology.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['nodal lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ["non-Hodgkin's lymphoma"]

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

entities_list: @entity34 :: ('MESH:D016609', 'Disease') :: ['stage II-IV disease']

answer: @entity1893 :: (MESH:D008228,Disease) :: ['non-Hodgkin's lymphoma']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The dosages of many medications require adjustment for renal function. There is debate regarding which equation, the @entity740 Epidemiology (CKD-EPI) equation vs. the Cockcroft-Gault (CG) equation, should be recommended to estimate glomerular filtration rate. METHODS: We used a mathematical simulation to determine how @entity1 characteristics influence discrepancies between equations and analyzed clinical data to demonstrate the frequency of such discrepancies in clinical practice. In the simulation, the modifiable variables were sex, age, serum @entity1011 , and weight. We considered estimated glomerular filtration rate results in mL/min, deindexed for body surface area, because absolute excretory function (rather than per 1.73  m(2) body surface area) determines the rate of filtration of a drug at a given plasma concentration. An absolute and relative difference of maximum (  ) 10  mL/min and 10  %, respectively, were considered concordant. Clinical data for @entity1 aged over 60  years (n  =  9091) were available from one hospital and 25 private laboratories. RESULTS: In the simulation, differences between the two equations were found to be influenced by each variable but age and weight had the biggest effect. Clinical sample data demonstrated concordance between CKD-EPI and CG results in 4080 @entity1 (45  %). The majority of discordant results reflected a CG result lower than the CKD-EPI equation. With aging, the CG result became progressively lower than the CKD-EPI result. When weight increased, the opposite occurred. DISCUSSION: The choice of equation for excretory function adjustment of drug dosage will have different implications for @entity1 of different ages and body habitus. CONCLUSIONS: The optimum equation for drug dosage adjustment should be defined with consideration of individual @entity1 characteristics.

title: Discrepancies between the Cockcroft-Gault and XXXX Epidemiology (CKD-EPI) Equations: Implications for Refining Drug Dosage Adjustment Strategies.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic Kidney Disease']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

answer: @entity740 :: (MESH:D051436,Disease) :: ['Chronic Kidney Disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Licostinel ( @entity30598 ; @entity30598 ), a competitive antagonist of @entity2228 at the @entity1024 ( @entity143 ) receptor, is an effective neuroprotective agent in animal models of @entity2806 . The purpose of this study was to assess the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of licostinel in @entity1 with @entity64 . METHODS: In this 5-center dose escalation trial, @entity1 were enrolled within 48 hours of an @entity385 and treated with ascending doses of a short infusion of @entity30598 or a placebo. Adverse effects were assessed with clinical and laboratory measurements, and @entity1 outcome was determined with the National Institutes of Health @entity64 Scale. RESULTS: Sixty-four @entity1 (44 treated with escalating doses of licostinel and 20 who received placebo) were treated. Lower doses of licostinel (0.03 to 0.60 mg/kg) were not associated with any significant adverse effects. Higher doses of licostinel (1.2 to 3.0 mg/kg) were associated with a variety of mild-to-moderate adverse effects including @entity16 . No major psychotomimetic effects or significant safety concerns occurred. At the higher dose levels, peak plasma concentrations of licostinel were substantially higher than those required for neuroprotection in @entity64 models. A similar improvement in National Institutes of Health @entity64 Scale scores over time was seen in both the placebo group and the licostinel-treated @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: A short infusion of licostinel in doses up to 3.0 mg/kg is safe and tolerable in @entity64 @entity1 . Licostinel may be a safer and better tolerated neuroprotective agent than many of the previously evaluated @entity143 antagonists.

title: Dose escalation study of the XXXX @entity2228 -site antagonist licostinel in acute @entity385 .

entities_list: @entity1024 :: ('CHEBI:31882', 'Chemical') :: ['N-methyl-D-aspartate']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['animal stroke', 'acute stroke', 'Stroke']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral ischemia']

entities_list: @entity2228 :: ('CHEBI:57305', 'Chemical') :: ['glycine']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological and gastrointestinal complaints']

entities_list: @entity30598 :: ('MESH:C092062', 'Chemical') :: ['5-nitro-6, 7-dichloro-2,3-quinoxalinedione', 'ACEA 1021', 'licostinel']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity143 :: (CHEBI:6121,Chemical) :: ['NMDA']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity17910 is the most widely cultivated Lavandula species. The extraction of its flower and leaves has been used as herbal medicine. In this study, the in vitro antitumor activities were tested on @entity1 @entity263 PC-3 and DU145 cell lines. Flow cytometry technology was applied to study apoptosis induction and cell cycle arrest. The PC-3 cell line was used to establish subcutaneous @entity5 in @entity19 . @entity982 sections from xenograft @entity5 specimens were used in the TUNEL (terminal deocynucleotide transferase dUTP nick end labeling) assay and an immunohistochemistry assay to detect cell proliferation markers Ki67 and @entity1364 . @entity17910 essential oil, @entity22527 , and @entity22525 showed stronger inhibitory effect on PC-3 cells than on DU145 cells. The apoptotic cell populations observed in PC-3 cells treated with @entity17910 essential oil, @entity22527 , and @entity22525 were 74.76%, 67.11%, and 56.14%, respectively. The PC-3 cells were mainly arrested in the G2/M phase. In the xenograft model with PC-3 cell transplantation, essential oil and @entity22527 significantly suppressed @entity5 growth. The immunosignals of Ki67 and @entity1364 in the essential oil, @entity22527 , and @entity22525 treatment groups were significantly lower than that of the control group in xenograft @entity5 sections. The TUNEL assay indicated that each of the 3 phytochemicals significantly induced apoptosis compared to the control group. This study provides novel insight and evidence on the antiproliferative effect of @entity17910 essential oil and its major constituents on @entity1 @entity263 . The antitumor effect was associated with cell proliferation inhibition and apoptosis induction in @entity5 .

title: In Vitro and In Vivo Efficacy Studies of @entity17910 angustifolia Essential Oil and Its Active Constituents on the Proliferation of XXXX @entity263 .

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['xenograft tumors', 'tumor']

entities_list: @entity22525 :: ('MESH:C074463', 'Chemical') :: ['linalyl acetate']

entities_list: @entity17910 :: ('39329', 'Species') :: ['Lavandula angustifolia', 'Lavender', 'L angustifolia', 'lavender']

entities_list: @entity982 :: ('MESH:D010232', 'Chemical') :: ['Paraffin']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Human']


abstract: The gracile axonal @entity3986 (gad) @entity19 is an autosomal recessive mutant that shows @entity2055 at an early stage, followed by @entity2055 at a later stage. Pathologically, the mutant is characterized by 'dying-back' type axonal degeneration and formation of spheroid bodies in nerve terminals. Recent pathological observations have associated brain ageing and @entity179 with progressive accumulation of ubiquitinated protein conjugates. In gad @entity19 , accumulation of amyloid beta-protein and ubiquitin-positive deposits occur retrogradely along the sensory and motor nervous systems. We previously reported that the gad mutation was transmitted by a gene on chromosome 5 (refs 10,11). Here we find that the gad mutation is caused by an in-frame deletion including exons 7 and 8 of @entity10500 , encoding the ubiquitin @entity1473 -terminal hydrolase (UCH) isozyme ( @entity10500 ) selectively expressed in the nervous system and testis. The gad allele encodes a truncated @entity10500 lacking a segment of 42 @entity1522 containing a catalytic residue. As @entity10500 is thought to stimulate protein degradation by generating free monomeric ubiquitin, the gad mutation appears to affect protein turnover. Our data suggest that altered function of the ubiquitin system directly causes @entity179 . The gad @entity19 provides a useful model for investigating @entity1 @entity179 .

title: Intragenic deletion in the gene encoding ubiquitin @entity1473 -terminal hydrolase in gad XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity1473 :: ('CHEBI:46883', 'Chemical') :: ['carboxy']

entities_list: @entity3986 :: ('MESH:D009136', 'Disease') :: ['dystrophy']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['neurodegeneration', 'neurodegenerative diseases', 'neurodegenerative disorders']

entities_list: @entity2055 :: ('MESH:D001259', 'Disease') :: ['sensory ataxia', 'motor ataxia']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Detection of @entity1149 at the intraepithelial stage is believed to improve cure rates. New bronchoscopic technologies, including white light videobronchoscopy (WLB), autofluorescence imaging (AFI), and narrow band imaging (NBI), are aiming to diagnose airway @entity5 at a preinvasive stage. OBJECTIVES: : To evaluate the diagnostic yields of NBI individually and in combination with WLB and AFI. METHODS: A 10-month review of @entity1 who were referred for airway screening or surveillance. @entity1 were randomized as to the order of AFI and NBI examinations. The airway mucosa was graded endoscopically as "normal," "abnormal," "suspicious," or " @entity5 ." All areas that were not normal were biopsied. Biopsies with a histologic grading of moderate to severe @entity1141 or @entity189 in situ were considered positive for @entity5436 . RESULTS: Sixty-two @entity1 with a mean age of 56.2 +/- 9.8 years were studied. Five @entity1 had invasive @entity5 and were excluded from the analysis. The remaining 57 cases had a 30% prevalence of @entity5436 . The sensitivity of WLB was 0.18 and the specificity was 0.88. The relative sensitivities (compared with WLB) of AFI and NBI were 3.7 (p = 0.005) and 3.0 (p = 0.03), respectively. The relative specificities of AFI and NBI were 0.5 (p < 0.001) and 1.0 (p = 0.72), respectively. Combining AFI and NBI did not increase diagnostic yield significantly. The sequence of performing AFI and NBI did not impact findings. CONCLUSIONS: NBI is an alternative to AFI in the detection of early @entity2 because it has a comparatively higher specificity without significantly compromising the sensitivity.

title: Narrow-band imaging bronchoscopy increases the specificity of bronchoscopic early lung XXXX detection.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancers', 'neoplasia']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['nonsmall cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancers']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5436 :: ('MESH:D019048', 'Disease') :: ['intraepithelial neoplasia']

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['dysplasia']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: To report unexplained severe central @entity1018 accompanied by a dense central @entity1019 as an uncommon @entity6654 . METHODS: Retrospective, multicentred, case series. RESULTS: Six @entity1 underwent uncomplicated vitrectomy surgery between 2000 and 2007 at four separate retina practices for removal of an epiretinal membrane. Preoperative vision ranged from 20/60 to 20/100, with a median of 20/70. On the first day postoperatively, all @entity1 noted @entity227 ranging from counting fingers to light perception and were found to have a dense central @entity1019 . Posterior segment examination revealed a white, @entity1020 in all affected eyes. Vision improved minimally during the follow-up period, which ranged from 2 months to 5 years. The final vision ranged from 20/200 to hand movements. No anatomic or physiologic cause for the @entity227 was identified. CONCLUSIONS: While uncommon, severe, permanent, central @entity1018 accompanied by a dense central @entity1019 can occur following @entity6654 and should be considered when assessing the risks and benefits of such surgery.

title: Unexplained XXXX following @entity6654 .

entities_list: @entity1018 :: ('MESH:D054062', 'Disease') :: ['vision loss']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['decreased vision and central scotoma', 'decreased vision']

entities_list: @entity6654 :: ('MESH:D019773', 'Disease') :: ['complication following epiretinal membrane removal', 'epiretinal membrane removal']

entities_list: @entity1020 :: ('MESH:D008268', 'Disease') :: ['oedematous macula']

answer: @entity1018 :: (MESH:D054062,Disease) :: ['vision loss']


abstract: A 42-year-old so-called manifesting carrier of @entity1555 ( @entity1555 ), whose first complaints were severe @entity296 , is described. Immunohistochemical study using anti- @entity4714 anti-serum and analysis of cloned segments of X chromosome DNA were performed. Her two sons and one of her brothers appear to have had the same disease. She was admitted to the hospital complaining of dyspnoea, back @entity158 and palpitations and was first diagnosed as having @entity583 . However, this diagnosis was excluded. The echocardiogram showed @entity296 . Serum enzymes were increased. Minimal weakness and @entity427 were detected in her left lower extremity. Muscle biopsy revealed a small number of @entity39 fibres. Immunohistochemical study using anti- @entity4714 antiserum showed a mosaic pattern of the surface membrane. Analysis of cloned segments of X chromosome DNA from the @entity1 and her son showed the XmnI( @entity2574 ) alleles of pERT 87-15 and the TaqI alleles of pERT 87-8 in both @entity1 .

title: A manifesting carrier of XXXX with severe @entity296 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['diffuse abnormalities of myocardial function', 'myocardial symptoms']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrotic']

entities_list: @entity1555 :: ('MESH:D020388', 'Disease') :: ['Duchenne muscular dystrophy', 'DMD']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity427 :: ('MESH:D012021', 'Disease') :: ['decreased deep tendon reflexes']

answer: @entity1555 :: (MESH:D020388,Disease) :: ['Duchenne muscular dystrophy']


abstract: The effect of @entity1218 on @entity4485 @entity7908 in 21 @entity2608 was examined. Vital signs monitored included respiration rate, heart rate, temperature, sleeping time,and time of reappearance of certain reflexes. Blood samples were obtained for @entity4485 assay. Two dose schedules for @entity1218 administration were used. One group of 6 animals received a single dose of 20 mg/kg 30 min after barbiturate administration, while the other group were received 3 injections of 20 mg/kg spaced at 30, 40 and 50 min after injection of @entity4485 . Both groups were sex balanced. @entity1218 administration resulted in dramatically increased respiration and heart rates and arrested the progress of barbiturate induced @entity2332 . The extended dose schedule prolonged increased respiration rate and a differential effect of @entity1218 on @entity4485 induced @entity2332 across sexes was observed. All animals regained reflexes sooner and sleeping time was reduced by 22%. No differences in @entity4485 blood levels with @entity1218 were observed. These results extend earlier work in rodents to primates and suggest a possible use of @entity1218 in cases of acute barbiturate intoxication.

title: Thyrotropin releasing hormone: antagonism of @entity4485 XXXX in the monkey.

entities_list: @entity4485 :: ('MESH:D010424', 'Chemical') :: ['pentobarbital']

entities_list: @entity2608 :: ('9544', 'Species') :: ['rhesus monkeys']

entities_list: @entity2332 :: ('MESH:D007035', 'Disease') :: ['hypothermia']

answer: @entity7908 :: (MESH:D053608,Disease) :: ['narcosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The episiotomy rate has declined worldwide but remains high in several countries such as Taiwan. The effects of episiotomy on @entity1 's health should be a constant concern. Few data are available on the effect of episiotomy by validated measures. OBJECTIVE: The present study examined the effect of episiotomy on @entity158 , @entity322 , and sexual function up to 3 months postpartum. DESIGN, SETTING AND @entity1 : A prospective follow-up study of 243 @entity1 who completed the Taiwanese versions of the Short Form McGill Pain Questionnaire, International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire - Urinary Incontinence Short Form, Female Sexual Function Index, and a demographic questionnaire after vaginal delivery in a Taiwanese medical center. METHODS: Differences between those who did and did not have an episiotomy were tested using ANCOVA, adjusting for age, parity, newborn weight, and vacuum delivery. The reliability and validity of the measuring instruments were assessed using Cronbach's a coefficient and factor analysis. RESULTS: @entity1 who delivered without an episiotomy had significantly lower perineal @entity158 scores at weeks 1, 2 and 6 postpartum compared to @entity1 who had an episiotomy (p=0.0065, 0.0391, 0.0497, respectively). @entity1 in the no-episiotomy group had significantly lower non-localized @entity158 scores at week 2 postpartum compared to @entity1 in the episiotomy group (p=0.0438). The mean @entity322 score was significantly higher in the episiotomy group 3 months postpartum (p=0.0293). No significant difference in sexual function score was found between groups. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that episiotomy increased @entity158 at weeks 1, 2 and 6 postpartum, and @entity322 at 3 months postpartum. Awareness of the relationship between episiotomy and @entity1 's health will help health care professionals develop policy and promote the application of restrictive episiotomy.

title: Comparison of the effects of episiotomy and no episiotomy on XXXX , @entity322 , and sexual function 3 months postpartum: a prospective follow-up study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Women', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['urinary incontinence']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: PURPOSE: The literature was reviewed to determine the risks or benefits of short-term (less than four weeks) smoking cessation on @entity260 and to derive the minimum duration of preoperative abstinence from smoking required to reduce such complications in adult surgical @entity1 . SOURCE: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, and other relevant databases for cohort studies and randomized controlled trials that reported @entity260 (i.e., respiratory, cardiovascular, wound-healing) and mortality in @entity1 who quit smoking within six months of surgery. Using a random effects model, meta-analyses were conducted to compare the relative risks of complications in ex-smokers with varying intervals of smoking cessation vs the risks in current smokers. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We included 25 studies. Compared with current smokers, the risk of @entity1576 was similar in smokers who quit less than two or two to four weeks before surgery (risk ratio [RR] 1.20; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.96 to 1.50 vs RR 1.14; CI 0.90 to 1.45, respectively). Smokers who quit more than four and more than eight weeks before surgery had lower risks of @entity1576 than current smokers (RR 0.77; 95% CI 0.61 to 0.96 and RR 0.53; 95% CI 0.37 to 0.76, respectively). For wound-healing complications, the risk was less in smokers who quit more than three to four weeks before surgery than in current smokers (RR 0.69; 95% CI 0.56 to 0.84). Few studies reported @entity65 and there were few deaths. CONCLUSION: At least four weeks of abstinence from smoking reduces @entity1576 , and abstinence of at least three to four weeks reduces wound-healing complications. Short-term (less than four weeks) smoking cessation does not appear to increase or reduce the risk of @entity260 .

title: Short-term preoperative smoking cessation and XXXX : a systematic review and meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular complications']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory complications']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications', 'postoperative respiratory complications']

answer: @entity260 :: (MESH:D011183,Disease) :: ['postoperative complications']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Many previous studies demonstrated that cell adhesion molecules CD44v6 and integrin-b1 had been extensively investigated as potential prognostic markers of @entity5 . However, data in @entity15310 are scarce. METHODS: We now investigate CD44v6 and integrin-b1 mRNA expression in PBMC by a triplex real-time RT-PCR assay and protein expression in plasma by ELISA. All specimens were collected from 54 @entity15310 @entity1 who received the treatment of cryosurgery as well as 20 healthy individuals (control). RESULTS: The mRNA and protein expression levels of CD44v6 and integrin-b1 in @entity1 were significantly increased compared with control group (P<0.05). The high CD44v6 mRNA and protein expression were significantly correlated with clinical stage, @entity5 differentiation, LNM, liver @entity3 and decreased median DFS (P<0.05), while the high integrin-b1 mRNA and protein expression were significantly correlated with clinical stage, LNM, liver @entity3 and decreased median DFS (P<0.05). Clinical stage, LNM, liver @entity3 , CD44v6 mRNA and protein expression were the independent predictors of survival in @entity15310 @entity1 (P<0.05). Moreover, CD44v6 and integrin-b1 mRNA and protein expression levels were significantly decreased in @entity1 in 3 months after cryosurgery (P<0.05). No significant difference was found in CD44v6 mRNA and protein expression between @entity1 in 3 months after cryosurgery and control group (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: CD44v6 and integrin-b1 mRNA and protein expression in blood may serve as biomarkers for the development and @entity3 of @entity15310 , and as prognostic indicators for @entity15310 . They may become useful predictors in assessing outcome of @entity15310 @entity1 after cryosurgery. VIRTUAL SLIDES: The virtual slides for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/4035308681009006.

title: Expression of CD44v6 and integrin-b1 for the prognosis evaluation of pancreatic cancer XXXX after cryosurgery.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'various cancers']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: In this study we have investigated the interaction of @entity815 ( @entity815 ), @entity3793 (His), @entity669 (Tyr), and @entity2340 (Tryp) molecules with @entity15583 and single walled @entity505 nanotubes (CNTs) with an aim to understand the effect of curvature on the non-covalent interaction. The calculations are performed using density functional theory and the Moller-Plesset second-order perturbation theory ( @entity4885 ) within linear combination of atomic orbitals-molecular orbital (LCAO-MO) approach. Using these methods, the equilibrium configurations of these complexes were found to be very similar, i.e., the aromatic rings of the @entity1522 prefer to orient in parallel with respect to the plane of the substrates, which bears the signature of weak pi-pi interactions. The binding strength follows the trend: His<Phe<Tyr<Tryp. Although the qualitative trend in binding energy is almost similar between the planar @entity15583 and rolled nanotube structure but they differ in terms of the absolute magnitude. For the nanotube, the binding strength of these molecules is found to be weaker than the @entity15583 sheet. To get an insight about the nature of these interactions, we have calculated the polarizability of the aromatic motifs of the @entity1522 . Remarkably, we find excellent correlation between the polarizability and the strength of the interaction; the higher the polarizability, greater is the binding strength. Moreover, we have analyzed the electronic densities of state spectrum before and after adsorption of the @entity535 moieties. The results reveal that the Fermi level of the free CNT is red-shifted by the adsorption of the @entity1522 and the degree of shift is consistent with the trend in polarizability of these molecules.

title: A theoretical study on the interaction of aromatic amino acids with @entity15583 and single walled XXXX nanotube.

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity3793 :: ('CHEBI:27570', 'Chemical') :: ['histidine']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity2340 :: ('CHEBI:27897', 'Chemical') :: ['tryptophan']

entities_list: @entity815 :: ('CHEBI:28044', 'Chemical') :: ['Phe', 'phenylalanine']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

answer: @entity505 :: (MESH:D002244,Chemical) :: ['carbon']


abstract: This study looks at @entity137 and survival data when chemoradiation (CRT) is delivered using intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) after induction chemotherapy. Forty-one @entity1 with @entity420 treated with IMRT from March 2007 to May 2009 at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center were analyzed. All @entity1 received induction chemotherapy prior to CRT. Thirty-nine percent (n = 16) of @entity1 underwent surgical resection less than 4 months after completing CRT. @entity1 were predominantly male (78%), with a median age of 68 years (range 32-85 years). The majority of acute treatment-related @entity137 was hematologic or gastrointestinal, with 17% of @entity1 having grade 3+ hematologic @entity137 and 12% of @entity1 having grade 3+ gastrointestinal @entity137 . Only two @entity1 developed grade 2-3 @entity55 (5%) and 5 @entity1 experienced post-operative @entity358 (29%). Eight @entity1 (20%) required a treatment break. With a median follow up of 41 months for surviving @entity1 , 2-year overall survival was 61%, and the cumulative incidences of local failure (LF) and distant metastases were 40% and 51%, respectively. This rate of LF was reduced to 13% in @entity1 who underwent surgical resection. Surgery and younger age were significant predictors of decreased time to LF on univariate analysis. Induction chemotherapy followed by CRT using IMRT in the treatment of @entity418 is well tolerated and is not associated with an elevated risk of @entity260 . The use of IMRT may allow for integration of more intensified systemic therapy or radiation dose escalation for @entity420 , ultimately improving outcomes for @entity1 with this aggressive disease.

title: Outcomes of induction chemotherapy followed by chemoradiation using intensity-modulated radiation therapy for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonitis']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative pulmonary complications']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary complications']

entities_list: @entity418 :: ('MESH:D004938', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal cancer']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity420 :: (MESH:D000230,Disease) :: ['esophageal adenocarcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The clinical profile and the mortality rate among @entity1 with @entity1187 ( @entity1187 ) are not well studied in Kerala. AIMS: To determine the clinical characteristics, mortality rate and possible risk factors for high mortality among @entity1 with @entity1187 . SETTINGS AND DESIGN: Retrospective study conducted at Kottayam Medical College, a large teaching hospital. @entity1 AND METHODS: Successive cases presenting with @entity1187 to the coronary-care unit between May 2005 and December 2006 were included. Cases were grouped into @entity583 ( @entity583 ) and non- @entity583 /unstable @entity951 (NSTEMI/UA) for the purpose of analysis. Statistical analysis : Univariate analysis using chi square test and unpaired t test. RESULTS: Among 1865 @entity1 treated for @entity1187 , 1359 (72.9%) were males. One hundred fifty (8.04%) died during treatment. One thousand forty-four (56%) had @entity583 and 376 of them (36%) occurred between 12 pm and 6 pm. One hundred twenty-five @entity1 (11.97%) with @entity583 died. Significantly higher mortality rates were observed among females (22.8% vs. 9%; p<0.001), cases with @entity4156 (17% vs. 7%; p=0.001) and cases not receiving thrombolysis (15% vs. 10%, p=0.005). @entity6 (OR=1.96), age >75 years (OR=2.42) and higher Killip class at admission were associated with high mortality. Eight hundred twenty five cases (44%) had NSTEMI/UA. Twenty five of them (3.05%) died. Higher proportion of cases with NSTEMI/UA in comparison to @entity583 had @entity101 (43% vs. 29.02%; p<0.001) and @entity6 (41.05% vs. 23.95%; p<0.001), and had been females (34.96% vs. 21%; p=0.002). Mortality rate was higher among females (4.5% vs. 2.2%; p=0.016) CONCLUSIONS: The mortality rates in @entity1187 and @entity583 remain high in this hospital. Subjects with @entity6 , females and elderly individuals had greater mortality rates and are high risk groups.

title: The clinical spectrum of XXXX : experience from a major center in Kerala.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['ACS', 'acute coronary syndromes']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetes mellitus', 'diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity4156 :: ('MESH:D056989', 'Disease') :: ['inferior wall infarctions']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['STEMI', 'ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity1187 :: (MESH:D054058,Disease) :: ['acute coronary syndromes']


abstract: PURPOSE: To delineate the disease course and prognosis of @entity1 with mass lesions of the fourth nerve presumed to be @entity808 . DESIGN: Nonrandomized retrospective case series. @entity1 : Thirty-seven consecutive cases of presumed trochlear nerve @entity808 from 9 tertiary university neuro-ophthalmology centers. METHODS: Cases were collected, and their clinical characteristics on presentation and follow-up are described. Inclusion criteria were brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with a lesion suggestive of a @entity808 along the course of the fourth nerve. Exclusion criteria were other causes of @entity6125 , such as congenital, traumatic or microvascular; normal (or lack of) initial brain MRI; lack of adequate clinical information; and disappearance of the lesion on subsequent follow-up brain MRI. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Demographics of @entity1 , presence of @entity4786 , symptoms on presentation, vertical deviation, lesion size (on presentation and follow-up), length of follow-up, and outcomes of treatment for lesions or @entity892 . RESULTS: Seven @entity1 were excluded and of the 30 @entity1 included in our series, @entity1 were predominantly male (77%) with a mean age of 51 years (range 9-102 years). In contrast with prior case reports, almost all of our cases had a @entity6125 on presentation (29/30), often isolated. Mean follow-up was 3.1 years (range 0.2 months to 11.1 years). There was no significant difference between initial and follow-up lesion size (4.4 vs. 5 mm) for @entity1 who did not receive treatment of lesions (P = 0.36). Only 3 @entity1 underwent neurosurgical resection and an additional @entity1 received gamma-knife radiotherapy. The majority of @entity1 (24/30) did not pursue strabismus surgery for vertical @entity892 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with isolated @entity6125 and small lesions of the fourth nerve have a good prognosis and should be followed with serial MRI scans without neurosurgical intervention unless they develop signs of @entity2850 . Most @entity1 with @entity892 and benign fourth nerve lesions typical of trochlear nerve @entity808 can adapt with either prism spectacles or no treatment at all, although strabismus surgery can be successful.

title: Clinical course and prognosis of trochlear nerve XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity808 :: ('MESH:D009442', 'Disease') :: ['schwannoma', 'schwannomas']

entities_list: @entity6125 :: ('MESH:D020432', 'Disease') :: ['fourth nerve palsy']

entities_list: @entity2850 :: ('MESH:D009408', 'Disease') :: ['brain stem compression']

entities_list: @entity4786 :: ('MESH:D017253', 'Disease') :: ['neurofibromatosis']

entities_list: @entity892 :: ('MESH:D004172', 'Disease') :: ['diplopia']

answer: @entity808 :: (MESH:D009442,Disease) :: ['schwannomas']


abstract: @entity4155 is a hallmark of a subset of @entity404 + lymphocytes called T(H)17. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) induces an immune response that facilitates graft acceptance, but if clinically apparent as @entity2132 ( @entity2132 ), it may adversely affect transplantation outcomes. TH17 cells are involved in the inflammatory processes associated with several diseases, including @entity29 ( @entity29 ) as a prototype. In this study we investigated the presence of @entity4155 -producing cells among peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of @entity1 after HSCT. The 48 @entity1 of median age 45 years (range, 1.0-64 years), experienced @entity1583 (n=45) or nonmalignant disorders (n=3), treated with matched unrelated (n=24) or sibling (n=24) transplants. We examined @entity4155 -producing cells in alloreactive reactions after HSCT. PBMC were stimulated with @entity2403 Leukocyte Activation Cocktail ( @entity1360 , @entity10613 , and @entity10757 myristic @entity598 ( @entity4515 )) in the presence of @entity2403 GolgiStop. After stimulation the cells were labeled with anti- @entity404 and intracellular anti- @entity4155 monoclonal antibodies. @entity4155 + cell proportions were analyzed in the @entity404 + lymphocyte gate. We observed that @entity1 at the time of hematologic reconstitution had higher proportions of @entity4155 -producing cells than healthy control subjects (0.73  0.13 vs 0.19  0.06%; P=.019). Fourteen @entity1 displayed the first symptoms of @entity2132 at the time of hematologic reconstitution, when they showed lower proportions of @entity4155 + cells among @entity404 + lymphocytes than their counterparts lacking @entity2132 at a similar time after transplantation (0.29  0.09 vs 0.73  0.13%; P=.024). Eight @entity1 developed @entity2132 after hematologic reconstitution (median, 34 days). All of these @entity1 displayed lower proportions of @entity4155 -producing @entity404 + cells on the day of @entity2132 compared with their initial measurements preceding this complication (0.34  0.14 vs 1.07  0.37%; P=.01).

title: Interleukin-17-producing cells increase among XXXX + lymphocytes before overt manifestation of @entity2132 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity598 :: ('CHEBI:47622', 'Chemical') :: ['acetate']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel disease', 'IBD']

entities_list: @entity2132 :: ('MESH:D006086', 'Disease') :: ['aGvHD', 'acute graft-versus-host disease']

entities_list: @entity1360 :: ('MESH:D015759', 'Chemical') :: ['Ionomycin']

entities_list: @entity1583 :: ('MESH:D019337', 'Disease') :: ['hematologic malignancies']

entities_list: @entity10613 :: ('MESH:D020126', 'Chemical') :: ['Brefeldin A']

answer: @entity404 :: (920,Gene) :: ['CD4']


abstract: Chromosome breakage can lead to teratology and @entity5 , although mutagenicity is not identical with carcinogenicity. The @entity1 @entity4523 ( @entity4523 ) test was first developed in 1987 to study the mutagenicity of smoking, drinking, and contraceptives on offspring. 507 couples were studied, and @entity1 chorionic villi were taken from abortion material of @entity1 aged 18-43 with gestation of 10 weeks. None of these @entity1 drank; however, among their husbands there were 172 smokers (2-40 cigarettes/day for 2-20 years), 15 who drank (.5-3 liters of liquor/month for 2-20 years), 107 smoked and drank (1-40 cigarettes/day for 2-10 years and .5-3 liters of liquor/month for 2-15 years), and 115 nondrinking and nonsmoking controls. Micronuclei (MN) were scored according to Countryman's standard, and 2000 interphase was observed in each subject of @entity4523 frequency. 1,014,000 interphase cells were scored. There was no correlation between @entity4523 frequency and maternal age. The difference of the correlation coefficient between @entity4523 frequency and pregnancy was not statistically significant. 105 @entity1 had aborted before, 9 had had @entity2208 , and 113 had neither. There were no statistical differences between these @entity1 and no correlation with @entity4523 frequency. The gestation ranged from 32 days to 79 days; again, no correlation was found. The mean frequency of @entity4523 was significantly higher in those with smoking husbands than in nonsmokers and nondrinkers. The @entity4523 frequency of @entity1 with drinking husbands was also high but without statistical significance. The group with husbands who both smoked and drank had the highest @entity4523 frequency, but this did not differ significantly from controls. The mutagens and carcinogens of cigarettes linger in the smoke. In addition to effect on the function and MN frequency in the sperm of smokers, the ova and embryo of passive smokers may be affected as damage in the DNA and spindle apparatus of chorionic villi increases the frequency of MN.

title: Assessment of the mutagenic effect of maternal factors on XXXX chorionic villi by micronucleus test.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplasia']

entities_list: @entity4523 :: ('MESH:D048629', 'Disease') :: ['CVMN', 'chorionic villus micronucleus']

entities_list: @entity2208 :: ('MESH:D000022', 'Disease') :: ['spontaneous abortion']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: OBJECT: The goal of this study was to delineate the angioanatomical features that determine whether a @entity1 with an unruptured @entity438 is treated using endovascular coil placement or surgical clipping. METHODS: Thirty consecutive @entity1 harboring 34 @entity438 were evaluated. @entity1 with @entity439 are managed prospectively according to the following protocol: the primary treatment recommendation is endovascular packing with Guglielmi detachable coils (GDCs). Surgical clipping is recommended after failed attempts at coil placement or in the presence of angioanatomical features that contraindicate that type of endovascular therapy. Of 34 @entity438 , two (6%) were successfully embolized and 32 (94%) were clipped. Of these 32 surgically treated @entity439 , in 11 (34%) an attempt at GDC embolization had failed, whereas in 21 (66%) primary clipping was performed because of unfavorable angioanatomy. Of the 13 @entity439 treated endovascularly, two (15%) were successfully excluded, whereas GDC treatment failed in 11 (85%). An unfavorable dome/neck ratio (< 2) and an arterial branch originating at the @entity439 base were the reasons for embolization failure. CONCLUSIONS: Careful evaluation of the angioanatomy of @entity439 allows selection of the most appropriate treatment. However, for @entity438 , surgical clipping appears to be the most efficient treatment option. Series of @entity439 are ideal for comparing treatment results.

title: Endovascular coil placement compared with surgical clipping for the treatment of unruptured XXXX : a consecutive series.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms', 'aneurysm', 'unruptured aneurysms']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['middle cerebral artery (MCA) aneurysm', 'unruptured MCA aneurysms']

answer: @entity438 :: (MESH:D002532,Disease) :: ['middle cerebral artery aneurysms']


abstract: CONTEXT: Case reports have described detection of @entity4963 by examination of peripheral blood smears. It is unclear whether this method has wider applicability for early detection of @entity12045 . OBJECTIVE: To determine the sensitivity of smear review for detecting @entity4963 . DESIGN: Normal and cytopenic blood was spiked with increasing concentrations of @entity375 . Smears were prepared and reviewed by a pathologist and by technical staff. Staff members blinded to the purpose of the study first performed a routine slide review and then a targeted review for @entity375 . RESULTS: The pathologist detected isolated @entity375 forms at a concentration of 1 to 5 x 10(5) colony-forming units (CFU)/mL. When blinded to the purpose of the study, technical staff could detect Candida in most samples when the @entity375 concentration was 1 to 5 x 10(7) CFU/mL, but found it in only a small fraction of samples with lower concentrations. When asked to examine the smears specifically for @entity375 , they could detect it in most samples containing 1 to 5 x 10(6) CFU/mL. CONCLUSIONS: Detection of @entity4963 by peripheral blood smear examination requires a @entity375 concentration of 1 to 5 x 10(5) CFU/mL or greater. This degree of @entity12045 is unusual; therefore, detection of @entity4963 by blood smear review will not be possible in most cases. Sensitivity of smear review for @entity375 detection is greatly increased if the microscopist is specifically directed to look for the presence of @entity375 .

title: Sensitivity of peripheral blood smear review for the diagnosis of Candida XXXX .

entities_list: @entity4963 :: ('MESH:D058387', 'Disease') :: ['candidemia']

answer: @entity12045 :: (MESH:D016469,Disease) :: ['fungemia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Selective expression of beta-tubulin isotypes has been reported to be one of the important mechanisms of @entity3907 resistance. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of beta-tubulin isotypes using clinical samples of @entity43 treated by @entity6023 and to examine whether the protein levels of each of the beta-tubulin isotypes were correlated with the clinical features. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We examined @entity5 samples taken from 77 @entity43 @entity1 (54 @entity1 treated with a @entity3907 -based regimen and 23 treated with a @entity3907 -free regimen), for the intrinsic protein level of beta-tubulin isotype (classes I, II, III and IV) expression using immunohistochemistry, and we evaluated the correlation of this protein level with the clinical features. The expression levels were scored by the proportion and intensity of the immunoreactive @entity5 cells. RESULTS: High protein levels of classes I and IV beta-tubulin, and very low protein levels of class II beta-tubulin, and intermediate protein levels of @entity537 expression were demonstrated in a @entity43 . As for the samples taken from the 54 @entity1 treated with the @entity3907 -based regimen, 40 samples demonstrated undetectable levels of class II beta-tubulin protein. The class II beta-tubulin expression-absent group was significantly correlated with advanced stage (p=0.024) and with a short period of progression-free survival (log-rank test, p=0.022). Multivariate analyses demonstrated that the only significant independent prognostic indicator of a short period of progression-free survival was advanced stage, although a high expression of @entity537 was also prone to be associated with a short period of progression-free survival, but not significantly so (p=0.081). No such correlations or propensities were demonstrated in the 23 @entity1 treated with the @entity3907 -free regimen. CONCLUSIONS: In cases of @entity43 treated by @entity6023 , high expression of @entity537 seems to be associated with earlier recurrence, which is believed likely to be resistant relapse. In addition, loss of class II beta-tubulin expression is correlated with advanced stage, which may represent aggressive @entity5 progression.

title: Expression of beta-tubulin isotypes in @entity1 primary XXXX .

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian carcinoma', 'total of 77 ovarian carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity537 :: ('10381', 'Gene') :: ['class III beta-tubulin']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['ovarian carcinoma']


abstract: An epidemiologic study of @entity1778 in Denmark (2,400 cases; 6,697 controls) from 1968 to 1994 suggested a weak, but statistically significant, association of residential radon exposure and @entity981 ( @entity981 ). The Danish study estimated a relative risk (RR) = 1.56 (95% CI, 1.05-2.30) for a cumulative exposure of 1,000 Bq m-3 y. For an exposure duration of 10 y their RR corresponds to a radon concentration of 100 Bq m-3. There are two dose pathways of interest where alpha particles could damage potential stem cells for @entity981 . One is the alpha dose to bone marrow, and two is the dose to bronchial mucosa where an abundance of circulating lymphocytes is found. Compared with an exposure of about 1 @entity2073 y-1 from natural external background, radon and decay products contribute an additional 10 to 60% to the bone marrow equivalent dose. The other pathway for exposure of T (or B) lymphocytes is within the tracheobronchial epithelium (BE). Inhaled radon decay products deposit on the relatively small area of airway surfaces and deliver a significant dose to the nearby basal or mucous cells implicated in @entity1 @entity2 . Lymphocytes are co-located with basal cells and are half as abundant. Using a 10-y exposure to 100 Bq m-3, our dose estimates suggest that the equivalent dose to these lymphocytes could approach 1 Sv. The relatively high dose estimate to lymphocytes circulating through the BE, potential precursor cells for @entity981 , provides a dose pathway for an association.

title: Radon and XXXX in the Danish study: another source of dose.

entities_list: @entity981 :: ('MESH:D054198', 'Disease') :: ['acute childhood lymphoblastic leukemia', 'ALL']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity1778 :: ('MESH:D007938', 'Disease') :: ['childhood leukemia']

answer: @entity1778 :: (MESH:D007938,Disease) :: ['leukemia']


abstract: The absorption and disappearance of @entity632 (ADM) through the bladder epithelium in the @entity35 was investigated using a fluorescence microscope. In the absorption study in vitro, ADM permeated through the epithelium into the lamina propria or the inner layer of the muscle within 15 minutes after instillation, showing no further infiltration into the deeper part of the bladder wall. In addition, fluorescence histological evidence for the uptake of ADM by the endothelial cells of the blood vessels in the lamina propria suggested a systemic diffusion of ADM to the whole blood by blood circulation. These data coincided well with the absorption study in vivo. On the other hand, ADM once absorbed in the bladder wall disappeared from the lamina propria or the inner layer of the muscle and was confined only in the epithelium at 60 min after the excretion of ADM. The intensity of ADM fluorescence then decreased gradually with time elapsed. No ADM fluorescence was recognized in the bladder tissue 48 hr later. In the absorption study with the BBN induced @entity35 @entity150 , ADM permeated into all the cells of @entity5 within 5 minutes of instillation. The fluorescence histological method used in the present study is harmless and may readily be applicable to the pharmacodynamic study of ADM in @entity1 @entity150 . This method proves to be a promising approach to the development of an ideal instillation therapy effective on @entity150 cells without side-effects.

title: [Fluorescence microscopy of the absorption and disappearance of @entity632 through the bladder epithelium in the XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['adriamycin']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['papillary tumor']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder tumor', 'bladder tumors']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Severe @entity2194 causing @entity15857 ( @entity15857 ) typically carries a dismal prognosis, and implies no further therapeutic intervention. We have identified a cohort of @entity1 with verified @entity15857 following @entity542 who have recovered vision of light perception (LP) or better. We evaluated the outcomes of vitreoretinal surgery performed on eyes that were @entity15857 post @entity542 . METHODS: Retrospective review of outcomes of secondary vitreoretinal surgery performed at Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary from 1 January 2001 to 31 December 2006 on all cases of @entity1538 repair (OGR) that had @entity15857 prior to OGR or on the first post-operative day. RESULTS: A total of 648 cases of OGR were performed in the study period. Eighty-eight @entity1 had @entity15857 prior to OGR or on the first post-operative day after OGR. Twenty-three @entity1 from the above group (26.1%) spontaneously recovered a vision of light perception (LP) or better. Eight of the 23 @entity1 had a secondary vitreoretinal surgery. All eyes that did not undergo vitreoretinal surgery returned to @entity15857 or became phthisical within 7 months. Among the eight eyes that underwent surgery, five had improvement, with vision ranging from hand motion to 20/70. Prognostic indicators for successful surgical outcome were hand motion or better vision prior to vitreoretinal surgery, recovery of vision within 5 days of OGR, and vitreoretinal intervention within 5 weeks of the initial @entity542 . CONCLUSION: @entity1 with severe @entity542 and @entity15857 occasionally recover LP or better vision. These @entity1 may regain useful vision after vitreoretinal surgery if prompt referral and intervention is attempted and if the spontaneous visual recovery occurs within the first week after OGR.

title: Visual outcomes of vitreoretinal surgery in eyes with severe XXXX presenting with no-light-perception vision.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2194 :: ('MESH:D005128', 'Disease') :: ['ocular trauma']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['open-globe injury']

entities_list: @entity15857 :: ('MESH:C535473', 'Disease') :: ['NLP', 'no light perception']

answer: @entity542 :: (MESH:D006259,Disease) :: ['open-globe injury']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To provide a retrospective analysis of pediatric @entity1 with @entity1566 ( @entity1566 ), who were admitted for treatment and rehabilitation in a reference Brazilian medical center during the past 6 years. METHODS: This retrospective analysis included 106 @entity1 16 years of age or younger who were admitted with @entity1566 in our Rehabilitation Medical Center between April 2002 and June 2008. The @entity1 admitted were analyzed according to their gender, age, origin region, cause and level of @entity1317 . RESULTS/CONCLUSIONS: The frequency corresponded to 5.4% of the total of @entity1566 cases studied. The 106 @entity1 reviewed included 67 @entity1 (63.2%) and the mean age of 8.6 years. In all, 50.9% of the @entity1566 have traumatic etiology. The most frequent causes were gunshot 42.6%, traffic accident 38.9%, diving 9.3% and fall 3.7%. The nontraumatic etiologies corresponded to 49.1% of the total @entity1 . Overall, @entity5 (36.5%) and @entity281 (19.2%) were the most frequent cause of @entity3510 . The average time between @entity1566 event and arrival at the rehabilitation medical center was 27 months. The majority of @entity1 were paraplegic (76.4%). In the first assessment 64.2% @entity1 showed clinical complications, such as @entity85 (69.1%), pressure @entity1066 (35.3%), @entity508 (8.8%), @entity28 (2.9%). Pediatric @entity1566 is a rare but devastating condition affecting the @entity1 , @entity1 's family and society. An understanding of the etiology and the frequency of pediatric @entity1566 can improve prevention and treatment.

title: Epidemiological profile of a pediatric population with acquired XXXX from AACD: S  o Paulo/Brazil.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'boys', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3510 :: ('MESH:D013124', 'Disease') :: ['spinal injuries']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity508 :: ('MESH:D009128', 'Disease') :: ['spasticity']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity1566 :: ('MESH:D013119', 'Disease') :: ['Spinal Cord Injury', 'SCI']

entities_list: @entity1317 :: ('MESH:D057772', 'Disease') :: ['injury and clinical complications']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['orthopedic deformity']

answer: @entity1566 :: (MESH:D013119,Disease) :: ['spinal cord injury']


abstract: Topical @entity3875 agents have emerged as important options for the treatment of @entity1569 . @entity3873 , a naturally occurring and biologically active form of @entity3875 , has been developed in an ointment formulation for topical @entity1569 therapy in the United States. The product has been used outside of the United States for years. Several short-term (< 6 months) clinical trials have demonstrated that @entity3873 ointment 3 microg/g improves symptoms of @entity1569 in @entity1 with mild to moderate @entity1569 without demonstrating clinical evidence of alterations in @entity460 homeostasis, but little information has been available about the safety and effectiveness of continuous long-term use of @entity3873 ointment. In this open-label, multicenter study, 324 @entity1 with primarily mild to moderate @entity102 were treated with @entity3873 ointment 3 microg/g twice daily for up to 52 weeks. A total of 136 @entity1 completed 52 weeks of treatment. Serious adverse events (AEs) (reported by 1 @entity1 each unless otherwise noted) included a pretibial skin ulcer (study drug was used only on the upper body), a @entity2720 , @entity1867 (2 @entity1 ), @entity712 , hospitalization due to @entity4288 , @entity0 , and an @entity281 (due to a @entity235 bite). Clinical improvement in @entity1569 symptoms was assessed by an investigator-rated global severity score (GSS) and @entity1 -rated global assessment of improvement in @entity1569 symptoms from baseline. Improvements in GSS were seen over the course of treatment. @entity3873 ointment 3 microg/g is a safe, effective, and well-tolerated option for the long-term treatment of @entity102 . Clinical improvement was maintained for up to 52 weeks, with no clinical effect on @entity460 homeostasis or other relevant laboratory test parameters.

title: @entity3873 ointment 3 microg/g is safe and effective over 52 weeks for the treatment of mild to moderate XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'participant']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity1569 :: ('MESH:D011565', 'Disease') :: ['psoriasis', 'plaque psoriasis']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3873 :: ('MESH:D002117', 'Chemical') :: ['calcitriol', 'Calcitriol']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic plaque psoriasis']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity2720 :: ('MESH:D007592', 'Disease') :: ['joint disorder']

entities_list: @entity1867 :: ('MESH:D008796', 'Disease') :: ['metrorrhagia']

entities_list: @entity4288 :: ('MESH:D001161', 'Disease') :: ['arteriosclerosis']

answer: @entity1569 :: (MESH:D011565,Disease) :: ['plaque psoriasis']


abstract: Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET), particularly maximal @entity26 consumption (VO2max), has been used to assess the outcome for @entity1 with palliated @entity299 ( @entity299 ). Small studies correlating VO2max with noninvasive imaging measures of ventricular function have led to the hypothesis that VO2max reflects cardiac performance. In other settings, physical training is associated with increased VO2max. The authors hypothesized that habitual exercise correlates with VO2max to a greater degree than ventricular function in a relatively healthy cohort of @entity1 with palliated @entity299 . The habitual exercise behavior of 208 subjects with @entity66 (tetralogy of Fallot, truncus arteriosus, and interrupted aortic arch) at the time of previously performed, study-based CPET and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) were retrospectively assessed via questionnaire. The association of VO2max with habitual exercise duration and CMR measures of ventricular function was tested. Of 208 subjects, 89 (43 %) completed questionnaires, and 78 % of the 89 @entity1 had a concurrent CMR. The mean VO2max was 76    21 % of that predicted. The CMR-assessed left ventricular ejection fraction was 67.6    7.4 %. The hours of habitual exercise per week correlated with VO2max (p < 0.001; r (2) = 0.14). No association was found between right and left ventricular ejection fraction, cardiac index, or right ventricular end-diastolic volume and VO2max. In this study, VO2max correlated with habitual exercise to a greater degree than CMR measurements of ventricular function. These findings highlight the importance of considering the contribution of noncardiac factors when exercise data in both clinical and research settings are interpreted. The contribution of these factors to clinical outcomes deserves further study.

title: Habitual exercise correlates with exercise performance in XXXX with @entity66 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['conotruncal abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['CHD', 'congenital heart disease']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: The pulvinar complex of prosimian primates is not as architectonically differentiated as that of anthropoid primates. Thus, the functional subdivisions of the complex have been more difficult to determine. In the present study, we related patterns of connections of cortical @entity227 (primary visual area, V1; secondary visual area, V2; and middle temporal visual area, MT) as well as the superior @entity227 ( @entity7950 ) that were revealed in brain sections processed for cell bodies (Nissl), cytochrome oxidase, or myelin. As in other primates, the architectonic methods allowed us to distinguish the lateral pulvinar (PL) and inferior pulvinar ( @entity32830 ) as major divisions of the visual pulvinar. The connection patterns further allowed us to divide @entity32830 into a large central nucleus (PIc), a medial nucleus (PIm), and a posterior nucleus ( @entity32830 ). Both PL and PIc have separate topographic patterns of connections with V1 and V2. A third, posterior division of @entity32830 , @entity32830 , does not appear to project to V1 and V2 and is further distinguished by receiving inputs from the superior colliculus. All these subdivisions of @entity32830 project to MT. The evidence suggests that PL of galagos contains a single, large nucleus, as in monkeys, and that @entity32830 may have only three subdivisions, rather than the four subdivisions of monkeys. In addition, the cortical projections of @entity32830 nuclei are more widespread than those in monkeys. Thus, the pulvinar nuclei in prosimian primates and anthropoid primates have evolved along somewhat different paths.

title: Cortical connections of the XXXX ( @entity7950 ).

entities_list: @entity7950 :: ('30611', 'Species') :: ['Otolemur garnetti']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['colliculus of the visual midbrain, with subdivisions of the pulvinar complex of prosimian galagos', 'visual areas']

answer: @entity227 :: (MESH:D014786,Disease) :: ['visual pulvinar complex in prosimian galagos']


abstract: In this study, we examined the effect of the acute and repeated administration of the selective sigma (sigma)1 receptor agonist @entity28257 ( @entity28257 ) on the number and firing pattern of spontaneously active @entity935 (DA) neurons in substantia nigra pars compacta (SNC) and @entity4037 ( @entity4037 ) in anesthetized, male @entity35 . This was accomplished using the technique of in vivo extracellular single unit recording. The intravenous administration of @entity28257 (0.01-1.28 mg/kg) did not significantly alter the firing rate or pattern of spontaneously active DA neurons in either the SNC or @entity4037 . A single injection of either 0.1 or 0.3 mg/kg i.p. of @entity28257 did not alter the number of spontaneously active SNC and @entity4037 DA neurons. In contrast, a single injection of 1 mg/kg i.p. of @entity28257 produced a significant decrease and increase in the number of spontaneously active SNC and @entity4037 DA neurons, respectively. Overall, the firing pattern parameters of spontaneously active SNC DA neurons were altered more significantly than those of spontaneously active @entity4037 DA neurons following the acute administration of @entity28257 . The repeated administration (one injection per day for 21 days) of 0.3 and 1 mg/kg i.p. of @entity28257 produced a significant increase in the number of spontaneously active @entity4037 DA neurons. In addition, the repeated administration of @entity28257 produced a greater alteration of the firing pattern of spontaneously active @entity4037 compared to SNC DA neurons. Our results suggest that the administration of @entity28257 significantly alters the activity of spontaneously active midbrain DA neurons, particularly those in the @entity4037 following repeated administration.

title: Acute and chronic administration of the selective sigma1 receptor agonist XXXX significantly alters the activity of midbrain @entity935 neurons in @entity35 : An in vivo electrophysiological study.

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague-Dawley rats']

entities_list: @entity28257 :: ('MESH:C101789', 'Chemical') :: ['1-(3, 4-dimethoxyphenethyl)-4-(3-phenylpropyl)piperazine dihydrochloride', 'SA4503']

entities_list: @entity4037 :: ('MESH:D006555', 'Disease') :: ['ventral tegmental area', 'VTA']

answer: @entity28257 :: (MESH:C101789,Chemical) :: ['SA4503']


abstract: This study investigated the relationship between the orexins and patterns of activity in the diurnal Nile grass @entity35 , Arvicanthis niloticus. Some individuals of this species switch to a more nocturnal pattern when given access to a running wheel, while others continue to be most active during the day. In both day- and night-active grass @entity35 , the percentages of @entity22658 (OXA) and orexin B (OXB) cells expressing @entity5019 were highest when animals were actively running in wheels. In night-active animals, removal of the running wheel significantly decreased OXA and OXB cell @entity5019 expression. Additionally, in night-active animals, clear regional differences were apparent. In these animals the presence of a wheel induced higher percentages of @entity5019 in both OXA and OXB cells in medial regions of the lateral hypothalamus than in lateral regions. In night-active animals without access to wheels, this medial-lateral gradient was present only in OXA cells. No regional differences were observed in day-active animals. This study demonstrates that individual differences in the patterns of activation of OXA and OXB cell populations are related to differences in the temporal pattern of wheel running. We also present evidence that orexin cells have projections to the intergeniculate leaflet that appear to make contact with neuropeptide-Y cells. We discuss the possibility that these fibers may be involved in relaying feedback regarding the activity state of the animal to the circadian system through these projections.

title: Individual differences in wheel-running rhythms are related to temporal and spatial patterns of activation of XXXX and B cells in a diurnal rodent (Arvicanthis niloticus).

answer: @entity22658 :: (25723(Tax:10116),Gene) :: ['orexin A']


abstract:
@entity1 with advanced @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) usually undergo toxic treatment (chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy). They can experience devastating effects of illness and therapies on their psychological and emotional well-being. On the other hand, untreated @entity458 is associated with reduced quality of life and inadequate palliation of physical symptoms.
In order to estimate frequency of @entity148 and @entity308 and influence of demographic, socioeconomic and clinical factors on psychological well-being, we performed this cross-sectional study in group of 100 @entity1 with advanced stage of disease. Symptoms of @entity148 and @entity308 were assessed using the @entity148 ( @entity148 ) and @entity308 ( @entity308 ). Health-related quality of life data are obtained by EORTC QLC C30 and SF 36.
 @entity1 with poor performance status (PS) experienced significantly more @entity148 and @entity308 (p=0.001) and worse emotional (p=0.001) and mental functioning (p=0.001). Treated @entity1 had significantly better mental (p=0.011) and emotional (p=0.001) functioning in compared to newly diagnosed ones. Somewhat unusual, unemployed @entity1 reported significantly less @entity148 (p=0.029) and @entity308 (p=0.002) symptoms, better mental (p=0.030) and emotional functioning (p=0.007). Additionally, @entity1209 adversely affected mental health and emotional functioning and correlated significantly positively with @entity148 and @entity308 scores.
Our findings suggest significant impact of some disease-related factors (PS, active treatment) and treatment-related factors (chemotherapy -induced @entity1209 ) on psychological well-being of @entity1 with advanced @entity1149 . This should be taking an account when appropriate interventions are planned. KEYWORDS: @entity2 , @entity148 , @entity308 , quality of life, chemotherapy, chemotherapy-induced @entity1209 .

title: Psychological well-being in advanced @entity1149 XXXX in Serbia: impact of sociodemographic and clinical factors.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive symptoms', 'depression', 'depressive', 'Hamilton Depression Rating scale', 'HDRS']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['psychological distress']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['anxiety', 'Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale', 'HARS']

entities_list: @entity1209 :: ('MESH:D020250', 'Disease') :: ['nausea and vomiting']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: OBJECTIVE @entity6087 ( @entity6087 ) is widely treated by drainage through a bur hole opening. However, whether and how preexisting comorbidities causing disturbance of @entity1662 affect @entity1 outcomes remains unclear. METHODS The authors analyzed 188 consecutive @entity1 with @entity6087 who were surgically treated at the Neurosurgery Institute of the Kyorin University School of Medicine between 2010 and 2012 and followed them for more than 90 days. The mean @entity1 age was 77.0 years (range 33-101 years) and 56 were @entity1 . @entity1 outcomes including modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score, postoperative morbidity and mortality, and recurrence 90 days after initial surgery were analyzed according to preexisting comorbidities causing disturbance of @entity1662 . The comorbidities observed in 46 @entity1 (24%) included @entity303 (30 @entity1 ), history of @entity385 (10 @entity1 ), @entity146 (3 @entity1 ), and others (3 @entity1 ). RESULTS Background characteristics of @entity1 with comorbidities showed older @entity1 age (p < 0.001), lower preoperative Glasgow @entity772 Scale score (p < 0.001), and higher preoperative mRS score (p < 0.001). The mean mRS score 90 days after the neurosurgical procedure was 1.2 in all 188 @entity1 , which was significantly higher in those with comorbidities (p < 0.001). By 1-way ANOVA with repeated measures, interaction existed between the presence of comorbidities and mRS score, and improvement of mRS score was observed in smaller proportions of @entity1 with comorbidities (p = 0.002). By multivariate logistic regression analysis, the presence of comorbidities, @entity1 age, reoperation for recurrence, and preoperative mRS score were significantly related to poor outcomes, defined as mRS score of 3 or more at 90 days after surgery. Postoperative morbidity (p < 0.01) and mortality (p < 0.01) were significantly higher in those with comorbidities, whereas the rate of recurrence of @entity6087 was not significantly different. CONCLUSIONS The preexistence of comorbidities causing disturbance of @entity1662 affected severity and outcomes 90 days after surgical treatment of @entity6087 , and comorbidities were also correlated with aging.

title: Outcomes of XXXX with preexisting comorbidities causing disturbed @entity1662 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric disorders']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity6087 :: ('MESH:D020200', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic subdural hematoma', 'CSDH']

entities_list: @entity1662 :: ('MESH:D003244', 'Disease') :: ['consciousness']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity6087 :: (MESH:D020200,Disease) :: ['chronic subdural hematoma']


abstract: The efficacy of three antihypertensive treatments given for 3 weeks each, 2.5 mg @entity21261 , a new potent long-acting @entity1289 ( @entity1289 ) inhibitor, 120 mg @entity1169 , and the combination of both, were compared in 17 @entity1 suffering from essential @entity101 . Blood pressure control (i.e. sitting diastolic blood pressure at rest less than or equal to 90 mm Hg) was achieved in about 40% of the @entity1 by the monocomponents, the combination therapy increased the rate to 80%. An additional blood pressure-lowering effect of the combination was also observed during isometric exercise (handgrip) but not during @entity7047 (bicycle). At rest and during isometric exercise on @entity21261 alone cardiac output rose, total peripheral resistance fell, on @entity1169 the inverse reactions occurred. On the combination cardiac output and total peripheral resistance decreased. During @entity7047 @entity1169 slightly decreased (VO2max fell, @entity880 concentration went up), @entity21261 slightly increased aerobic capacity (VO2max went up and @entity880 concentration fell) and exercise tolerance. These effects were partially attenuated by the combination. The additional blood pressure-lowering effect of the combination was assumed to be due to the suppression of the renin-angiotensin- @entity1369 system (the @entity1289 inhibitor and the betablocker act in a synergistic way), a peripheral vasodilation, and the reduction of sympathetic tone expressed as heart rate reduction and hence a decrease in cardiac output. It is concluded that the combination of an @entity1289 inhibitor and a betablocker seems to exert a good antihypertensive activity not only at rest but also during exercise.

title: Does the combination of XXXX and @entity1169 lower blood pressure at rest and during exercise more pronouncedly than either of the two components given alone?

entities_list: @entity1169 :: ('MESH:D011433', 'Chemical') :: ['propranolol']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1289 :: ('1636', 'Gene') :: ['ACE', 'angiotensin-converting enzyme']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity1369 :: ('MESH:D000450', 'Chemical') :: ['aldosterone']

entities_list: @entity21261 :: ('MESH:D017315', 'Chemical') :: ['cilazapril']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity7047 :: ('MESH:D001250', 'Disease') :: ['isotonic exercise']

answer: @entity21261 :: (MESH:D017315,Chemical) :: ['cilazapril']