abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine whether @entity52 ( @entity52 ) cycles with suboptimal response should be converted to intrauterine insemination (IUI) or proceed to oocyte retrieval (OR). DESIGN: Retrospective cohort. SETTING: Academic medical center. @entity1 (S): All @entity1 initiating @entity52 from January 2004 through December 2011. INTERVENTION(S): OR versus conversion to IUI. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): A total of 1,098 @entity1 were identified whose @entity52 cycles were characterized by recruitment of three or fewer follicles, excluding @entity1 with bilateral @entity66 or severe male factor. Cycles with three follicles were defined as those with three follicles >=  14 mm with no fourth follicle >=  10 mm. Cycles with two or fewer follicles were similarly defined. Outcomes were compared for @entity1 proceeding with OR (n = 624) versus converting to IUI (n = 474). Age-adjusted relative risks for pregnancy were calculated, stratifying for number of follicles. RESULT(S): The likelihood of retrieving at least one mature oocyte (82.9% vs. 94.8% vs. 96.2%), having at least one zygote (61.9% vs. 76.8% vs. 84.2%), and undergoing transfer (57.1% vs. 73.0% vs. 83.3%) increased significantly with increasing follicle number. @entity1 with three or fewer follicles were 2.6 times more likely to achieve a live birth with @entity52 versus IUI (9.3% vs. 3.4%). This benefit was only apparent when at least two follicles were present. No benefit was gained by performing OR in the setting of one follicle. CONCLUSION(S): @entity52 compared with IUI presents superior pregnancy rates in the setting of two or more follicles. Assisted reproduction programs may benefit their @entity1 by pursuing @entity52 in this scenario.

title: In vitro fertilization versus conversion to intrauterine insemination in the setting of three or fewer follicles: how should XXXX proceed when follicular response falls short of expectation?

entities_list: @entity52 :: ('MESH:C566179', 'Disease') :: ['IVF', 'in vitro fertilization']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENT']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['tubal disease']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: @entity73 in @entity161 impair everyday functioning and instrumental daily living activities. These disabilities can be partly responsible for @entity102 and institutionalization. We present here a virtual reality (VR) tool in which @entity1 with @entity161 performed a virtual game in an imaginary town during a 3-month program. In a pilot study, seven @entity1 with @entity161 ( @entity4987 ), institutionalized for many years, attended weekly 1-h-and-a-half sessions organized by two clinicians. During the first sessions, they listed together the difficulties they experienced in everyday organization and planning. After being familiarized with the joystick and the VR environment, they navigated in the town, and planned actions that were difficult for them to carry out in their usual life (e.g., shopping, memorizing the way to the supermarket or being on time at a meeting point). They had to look for alternative routes and practice a switch from a 2D Map to the 3D Map. They also gathered their efforts to share strategies for each action, or discussed the action plan they could generate to solve concrete problems. The pre/post-neuropsychological evaluations showed @entity2414 , prospective, and retrospective memory benefits, but no improvement in planning as assessed by the Zoo map test and the action program subtest of Behavioral Assessment of the Dysexecutive Syndrome. @entity1 also clinically and functionally improved, gaining autonomy. Pragmatically, they reported a strong energy to elaborate concrete plans to search for jobs, or return to activities in the community. Qualitative assessments showed a benefit in sparing time, planning better, enriched relatedness, and better management of their housework. This VR game opens avenue to rehabilitation for @entity1 with @entity161 experiencing @entity102 in their life, less attendance in daycare units, and a better community living. This program might reduce @entity149 and might evolve into a true method for cognitive remediation (trial n   2011-A00988-33).

title: A Serious Game to Improve Cognitive Functions in XXXX : A Pilot Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['Cognitive deficits']

entities_list: @entity149 :: ('MESH:D002493', 'Disease') :: ['neurocognitive difficulties']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronicity']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['attention, working memory']

answer: @entity161 :: (MESH:D012559,Disease) :: ['Schizophrenia']


abstract: We describe a 53-year-old @entity1 with @entity1712 - @entity925 syndrome who suddenly developed severe persistent @entity925 of her arms, legs, back, and shoulder after a 5-month period of daily @entity9484 ingestion, associated with @entity221 , progressive @entity951 and left-sided @entity712 . Laboratory tests showed a leukocytosis of 11.2/nl with 3.14/nl eosinophils and an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate. There was a marked, predominantly proximal sclerosis of her arms, legs and trunk with a brownish discoloration. The skin of her arms and legs appeared dimpled (peau d'orange). Findings of the electrophysiological examinations were consistent with @entity16 and @entity5442 . Remarkable @entity9156 and @entity1986 were present in a biopsy specimen (from skin to muscle) taken from her thigh. However, eosinophilic infiltrates were rare. Angiography revealed an @entity296 . In this paper, we describe the clinical findings, the course over 2 years, as well as the therapeutic management. Furthermore, the most important differential diagnoses are discussed and the literature is reviewed with special attention given to more recent pathogenic insights into this newly recognized multisystem disease.

title: [Eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome with @entity9156 and XXXX after L-tryptophan administration].

entities_list: @entity1712 :: ('MESH:D004802', 'Disease') :: ['eosinophilia']

entities_list: @entity9484 :: ('CHEBI:16828', 'Chemical') :: ['L-tryptophan']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['apical obstructive cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['sensory neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity9156 :: ('MESH:D005208', 'Disease') :: ['fasciitis']

entities_list: @entity951 :: ('MESH:D000787', 'Disease') :: ['stenocardia']

entities_list: @entity1986 :: ('MESH:D009395', 'Disease') :: ['interstitial myositis']

entities_list: @entity925 :: ('MESH:D063806', 'Disease') :: ['myalgias', 'myalgia']

answer: @entity1986 :: (MESH:D009395,Disease) :: ['interstitial myositis']


abstract: There is growing societal pressure, expressed through government legislation and consumers' purchasing choices, to abolish livestock systems considered detrimental to farm animal welfare. Such systems include farrowing crates, which are behaviourally and physically restrictive for sows. Therefore, identifying less restrictive farrowing systems for commercial implementation has become an important focus of @entity1707 research. Despite numerous attempts to develop indoor alternatives to crates, there is as yet no universal acceptance of such systems at the commercial level. The primary concern is piglet survival, because often favourable figures are reported at the experimental level, but not replicated in commercial evaluation. Alternative farrowing systems should equal or surpass survival levels in conventional systems and perform consistently across a range of farm circumstances for widespread commercial implementation. In addition, it is important that alternatives consider ease of management, operator safety and economic sustainability. Utilising a large database of literature, 12 existing alternative indoor systems were identified and compared against each other, conventional crates and outdoor systems. An assessment of how well alternative systems satisfy the design criteria for meeting animals' biological needs was carried out by developing a @entity894 ( @entity894 ). The physical and financial performance of these systems was also evaluated and summarised. The derived @entity894 yielded values of 0.95 for conventional crates, with higher scores for commercial outdoor systems of 1.10 and indoor group farrowing or multi-suckling systems (e.g. Thorstensson = 2.20). However, the high total piglet mortality (23.7%    s.e. 2.26) in indoor group systems compared with conventional crates (18.3%    s.e. 0.63) and outdoor systems (17.0%    s.e. 2.05), together with the added capital cost (92% more than conventional crates, 249% more than commercial outdoor huts), mainly as a result of extra building space provided per animal, question their feasibility to deliver from an economic perspective. Designed pen systems offered the best compromise, scoring 1.64 from the @entity894 , with a total piglet mortality of 16.6% (  s.e. 0.88) and capital costs and labour input more comparable to farrowing crates (17.5% more than crates). The critical review of different systems was hampered by the lack of comprehensive data and detailed system descriptions. When attempting to assess welfare and economic attributes of systems, there are certain caveats that require discussion, in particular weighting of the contribution of different design attributes to @entity1707 welfare, the relative importance of the sow and her piglets and the many potential confounding factors that arise. Also, when judging any system, it must be emphasised that the maternal characteristics of sows and the quality of stockpersonship will be integral to its success.

title: Alternative farrowing accommodation: welfare and economic aspects of existing farrowing and lactation systems for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity894 :: ('MESH:C566784', 'Disease') :: ['WDI', 'welfare design index']

answer: @entity1707 :: (9823,Species) :: ['pigs']


abstract: Expression of endothelial and leukocyte cell adhesion molecules is a principal determinant of polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) recruitment during @entity32 . It has been demonstrated that pharmacological inhibition of these molecules can attenuate PMN influx and subsequent tissue injury. We determined the temporal expression of alpha-granule membrane protein-40 (P-selectin), @entity24780 ( @entity24780 ), and @entity8024 ( @entity8024 ) after @entity1563 and up to 3 days of reperfusion. The expression of all of these cell adhesion molecules peaked around 24 h of reperfusion. We determined the extent to which these molecules contribute to PMN infiltration by utilizing @entity19 deficient (-/-) in P-selectin, @entity24780 , @entity8024 , and @entity12213 . Each group underwent 30 min of in vivo, regional, left anterior descending (LAD) @entity453 and 24 h of reperfusion. PMN accumulation in the ischemic-reperfused (I/R) zone was assessed using histological techniques. Deficiencies of P-selectin, @entity24780 , @entity8024 , or @entity12213 resulted in significant (P < 0.05) attenuation of PMN infiltration into the I/R myocardium (MI/R). In addition, P-selectin, @entity24780 , @entity8024 , and @entity12213 -/- @entity19 exhibited significantly (P < 0.05) smaller areas of @entity39 after MI/R compared with wild-type @entity19 . These data demonstrate that MI/R induces coronary vascular expression of P-selectin, @entity24780 , and @entity8024 in @entity19 . Furthermore, genetic deficiency of P-selectin, @entity24780 , @entity8024 , or @entity12213 attenuates PMN sequestration and @entity296 after in vivo MI/R. We conclude that P-selectin, @entity24780 , @entity8024 , and @entity12213 are involved in the pathogenesis of MI/R injury in @entity19 .

title: Leukocyte and endothelial cell adhesion molecules in a chronic @entity19 model of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity24780 :: ('20339(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecule 1', 'E-selectin']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial injury']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity1563 :: ('MESH:D054059', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery occlusion']

entities_list: @entity8024 :: ('15894(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['ICAM-1', 'intercellular cell adhesion molecule 1']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery ischemia']

answer: @entity296 :: (MESH:D009202,Disease) :: ['myocardial reperfusion injury']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Periodontal ligament (PDL) fibroblasts establish principal fibers of the ligament during tooth @entity203 , and maintain these fibers during occlusion. PDL development and occlusal adaptation includes changes in the orientation of PDL fibroblasts; however, the mechanism for these changes in orientation is unclear. The objective of this study was to compare PDL fibroblast orientation in different stages corresponding with first @entity203 and occlusion in @entity3844 wild-type (WT) and knockout (KO) @entity19 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: @entity3844 WT and KO @entity19 were raised to six postnatal stages corresponding with first molar (M1 ) @entity203 (postnatal day 8, 11, 14 and 18) and occlusion (postnatal day 26 and 41). Coronal sections of the first mandibular molar (M1 ) were prepared and the orientation of fibroblasts in the cervical root region was measured. Angle measurements were compared across developmental stages and between strains using Watson-Williams F-test (oriana software) and ANCOVA. RESULTS: PDL fibroblast orientation increased significantly in @entity3844 WT (9-87  ) and KO @entity19 (14-93  ; p  <= 0.05) between @entity203 (day 11), mucosal penetration (day 14) and @entity203 (day 18); however, the PDL fibroblast orientation did not change significantly with the onset of occlusion (day 26) or continued function (day 41). Within each strain, the variance in fibroblast orientation during @entity203 (day 18) was significantly higher than the variance of all other time points (p < 0.0005). @entity3844 WT and KO @entity19 showed a similar pattern of PDL development and @entity203 with a significant difference in @entity3844 WT vs. KO fibroblast orientations only during early function (day 26, 92   vs 116  ; p = 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The development of PDL fibroblast orientation is highly similar between @entity3844 WT and KO @entity19 . Between early (day 11) and late (day 18) eruptive stages PDL fibroblast orientation increases, corresponding with the upward movement of M1 . The PDL fibroblast orientation established in @entity203 (day 18) is maintained during early (day 26) and late (day 41) stages of occlusal function, suggesting that PDL cells adapt to mechanical loads in the oral cavity before M1 occlusion.

title: Eruptive and functional changes in periodontal ligament fibroblast orientation in @entity3844 wild-type vs. knockout XXXX .

entities_list: @entity203 :: ('MESH:D003875', 'Disease') :: ['preocclusal eruption', 'eruption', 'molar eruption', 'intraosseous eruption']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine whether surgeons and residents with minimal training can evaluate accurately emergency ultrasound (US) examinations compared with radiologists for blunt @entity1661 . METHODS: Over 7 months, we conducted a prospective study comparing the evaluation of emergency US for blunt @entity1661 by surgeons and attending radiologists. US readings from the surgical team and the radiologists were correlated with outcome. RESULTS: One hundred-twelve @entity1 were included in the study. Ninety-two @entity1 had an US read as negative by the surgical and radiology services with no subsequent injuries identified. Eighteen @entity1 had an US deemed positive by the surgical service and radiologists. Injuries were confirmed in this group by operation or computed tomography. One @entity1 had an US deemed positive by the surgical team and subsequently negative by the radiologist. A diagnostic peritoneal lavage was performed which was negative. Another @entity1 had an US interpreted as negative by the surgical evaluator and positive by the radiologist. Exploratory laparotomy was negative for @entity548 or organ injury. Overall results reveal an accuracy on US reading of 99% for the surgical team and 99% for the attending radiologists. CONCLUSION: Surgeons and surgical residents at different levels of training can accurately interpret emergency ultrasound examinations for blunt @entity130 from the real-time images, at a level comparable to attending radiologists.

title: Can surgeons evaluate emergency ultrasound scans for blunt XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1661 :: ('MESH:D000008', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal trauma']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['intraabdominal hemorrhage']

answer: @entity1661 :: (MESH:D000008,Disease) :: ['abdominal trauma']


abstract: PURPOSE: To identify microbiologic characteristics of @entity1036 associated with contact lenses. METHODS: The authors retrospectively examined the microorganism isolated from @entity1 with microbial corneal ulcer associated with contact lenses during a 5-year period. Herpetic and other @entity1800 were excluded from this study. @entity1 age, sex, type of contact lens, and isolated organisms were collected from medical records. RESULTS: Sixty-seven eyes of 66 @entity1 (54.5%) who possibly had contact lens-induced @entity1036 were reviewed. Cultures of corneal scrapings or eye discharge were positive in 30 (44.8%) of 67 eyes. A total of 35 strains of bacteria were detected, among which there were 29 (82.9%) gram-positive bacteria, two (5.7%) gram-negative bacteria, three (8.6%) fungi, and one (2.9%) species of Acanthamoeba. The most common type of contact lens was a conventional soft contact lens (25 eyes, including extended wear in seven eyes), whereas hard contact lenses, including rigid gas-permeable contact lenses, were worn in 19 eyes. In addition, frequent-replacement lenses were used in 17 eyes, whereas weekly lenses and daily lenses were used for three eyes each. The largest age group was the 20s for all types of lenses. CONCLUSIONS: The results of isolation and culture are essential for improving the cure rate, especially for @entity1 who have severe @entity3283 .

title: Contact lens-induced XXXX in Japan.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity1800 :: ('MESH:D014777', 'Disease') :: ['viral infections']

entities_list: @entity3283 :: ('MESH:D003320', 'Disease') :: ['corneal ulcers']

entities_list: @entity1036 :: ('MESH:D007634', 'Disease') :: ['infectious keratitis']

answer: @entity1036 :: (MESH:D007634,Disease) :: ['infectious keratitis']


abstract: The cell-basement membrane interaction is an important determinant of epithelial cell polarity. Although hepatocytes in situ are polarized, no morphologically identifiable basement membrane is found at their basal surface. However, several studies have demonstrated immunoreactivity to basement membrane proteins in the space of Disse, indicating the existence of an extracellular matrix, albeit of low density. Therefore we hypothesized that the interaction of hepatocytes with this matrix may determine their polarity and asked whether a basement membrane-like substrate could reestablish hepatocyte polarity in vitro. For this purpose, established monolayers of primary @entity35 hepatocytes were cultured overlaid with a basement membrane-like matrix extracted from the Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm @entity19 @entity5 , mimicking thus the in situ tissue architecture. The hepatocytes in this culture configuration, unlike hepatocytes in classic cultures, developed distinct membrane domains, as demonstrated by the reformation of gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase, @entity1025 -ATPase-positive bile canalicular networks and intercellular gap junctions immunolocalized to the lateral membrane with antibodies to @entity39858 . The actin cytoskeleton of these cells reorganized into pericanalicular webs, and no accumulation of "stress" filaments was found beneath the membrane facing the medium. Golgi complexes appeared to be preferentially located in mitochondria-poor pericanalicular cytoplasm, indicating the polarized distribution of these organelles. Together, these data indicate that a basement membrane-like substrate present between hepatocytes and nutrient medium restores the polarity of these cells in culture. Extrapolation of these findings to the intact liver suggests that the matrix in Disse's space governs the development of hepatocyte polarity.

title: Reestablishment of cell polarity of XXXX hepatocytes in primary culture.

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: To assess clinical significance of transient @entity63 dilatation of the left ventricle (TID) on @entity4341 -stressed 201Tl myocardial scintigraphy, 110 @entity1 suspected with @entity453 , including 13 with normal coronary, 48 with @entity66 , and 19 with 3 @entity66 were analyzed. TID was visually and quantitatively assessed calculating the ratio of the area within the left ventricular region on the initial and delayed image (TID ratio). TID was observed in 3 of 1 @entity66 (6%), 5 of 2 @entity66 (17%), and 8 of 3 @entity66 (42%). None of normal coronary artery showed TID. In @entity1 with @entity66 ( @entity66 ), TID was observed more frequently (27%) than in @entity1 with 1 @entity66 (6%) (p < 0.025). Furthermore, the TID ratio tended to be higher (1.15 +/- 0.11) than those with @entity66 (1.03 +/- 0.03). To identify @entity1 with @entity66 , TID had a sensitivity of 27% and a specificity of 95%. ECG changes were observed more often in @entity1 with TID than those without TID. Five @entity1 showing TID underwent coronary artery bypass graft surgery, TID disappeared postoperatively in each @entity1 . In conclusion, TID on @entity4341 201Tl scan seems to be a specific although not sensitive marker for detecting @entity66 .

title: [Transient XXXX dilatation of the left ventricle observed on @entity4341 -stressed thallium-201 scintigraphy].

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['vessel disease', 'multivessel disease', 'single vessel disease', 'single vessel disease, 30 with 2 vessel disease', 'MVD']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity4341 :: ('MESH:D004176', 'Chemical') :: ['dipyridamole']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['ischemic']


abstract: After long term of studies from our gait lab, the typical @entity3986 by all of our @entity1 with @entity306 where pointed out. Now we wanted to examine using the MRT, weather the @entity85 also show up in discrepancies of the muscle volumes. The MRT slices of the lower extremities were segmented. From this cross sections the muscles volumes were derived. These where analyzed particularly with regard to asymmetries between spastic and healthy side. Hemiparetic @entity1 showed reduced volumes of all muscles on the paretic leg in comparison to the healthy side. The muscles of the thigh of the paretic leg were reduced to 84% in the mean over all muscles and in comparison to the healthy leg. The volume of the muscles of the @entity17237 was reduced to 72%, significantly more than the muscles of the thigh. Concerning flexor and extensor muscles located at thigh and @entity17237 of the paretic leg there was found significantly the same relative deficit of the muscle volume. Examining the muscle volumes of subjects with different neurogene foot deformities, significant differences of the volume reduction of single muscles appeared within the lower leg.

title: MRT-measurements of muscle volumes of the lower extremities of youths with spastic hemiplegia caused by XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3986 :: ('MESH:D009136', 'Disease') :: ['muscular dysbalances']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['dysbalances of the hemiparetic musculoskeletal system']

entities_list: @entity306 :: ('MESH:D002547', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral palsy']

answer: @entity306 :: (MESH:D002547,Disease) :: ['cerebral palsy']


abstract: PURPOSE: This study aimed to establish the safety of outpatient 131I-rituximab radioimmunotherapy by measuring the radiation exposure of hospital staff, carers, and members of the public and by estimating the environmental impact of radioactive urinary excretion. METHODS: Two hundred consecutive outpatients treated with 131I-rituximab radioimmunotherapy of @entity1893 ( @entity1893 ) with therapeutic activities between 1 and 4.5 GBq (mean, 2.3 GBq; or between 27 and 121 mCi; mean, 62 mCi) predicated on a prescribed whole-body radiation-absorbed dose of 0.75 Gy were studied. Their 279 family members/carers and 432 visitors wore thermoluminescent dosimeter badges for the week during which the @entity1 were confined to their home after treatment. RESULTS: All 200 @entity1 received 131I-rituximab activities according to the prescribed dose of 0.75 Gy to the whole body. From 200 consecutive @entity1 , over the 7 days after therapy, mean radiation exposure of adult carers was 0.49 @entity2073 (range, <0.01 to 3.67 @entity2073 ). To other coresiding family members, mean exposure was 0.23 @entity2073 (range, <0.01 to 1.20 @entity2073 ), and for visitors sharing badges, the mean exposure was 0.17 @entity2073 (range, <0.01 to 0.73 @entity2073 ). Urinary activity excreted over the week after 131I-rituximab therapy was typically less than 25% of the administered activity. CONCLUSIONS: 131I-rituximab radioimmunotherapy for @entity1893 may be safely administered on an outpatient basis. The median radiation exposure of carers, cohabitants of the @entity1 , and visitors is well within the limits recommended by international guidelines. Local regulatory agency-designated @entity1 release rate limit of less than 25  Sv/ @entity45856 m was attained within 1 week of therapeutic 131I-rituximab administration.

title: Outpatient 131I-rituximab radioimmunotherapy for XXXX : a study in safety.

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ['NHL', 'non-Hodgkin lymphoma']

answer: @entity1893 :: (MESH:D008228,Disease) :: ['non-Hodgkin lymphoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Previous studies reported that autophagy is activated in @entity1 @entity384 ( @entity384 ). It is still unknown whether modulating autophagy can improve cardiac function of the failing heart. METHODS: We immunized @entity35 with porcine cardiac myosin to set up a model of @entity384 . @entity3446 , a kind of @entity3470 inhibitor upregulating autophagy, was given to @entity35 weeks after the immunization at low (1 mg/kg    day i.p.), intermediate (2 mg/kg    day i.p.) and high dose (4 mg/kg    day i.p.) for 2 weeks. RESULTS: Compared to the control group (ejection fraction, EF = 81.3    3.8%), the average EF decreased in both the @entity384 group (EF = 56.1    3.3%) and the high-dose @entity3446 group (EF = 55.9    3.6%), but recovered in the low-/intermediate-dose @entity3446 groups (EF = 64.9    4.6/69.4    4.4%). Phosphorylation of @entity47579 decreased and the expression of LC3BI/II increased in all @entity3446 groups. Autophagic vacuoles were easily found in these groups. However, body weight was significantly reduced in the @entity3446 groups. Furthermore, mortality was increased in the high-dose @entity3446 group. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3446 could improve cardiac function of early-stage @entity384 , but the effect of @entity3446 turned out to be biphasic and the effective range appeared narrow.

title: Modulating autophagy improves cardiac function in a @entity35 model of early-stage XXXX .

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['DCM', 'dilated cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity3446 :: ('MESH:D020123', 'Chemical') :: ['Rapamycin', 'rapamycin']

answer: @entity384 :: (MESH:D002311,Disease) :: ['dilated cardiomyopathy']


abstract: The Hypopituitary Control and Complications Study is an international surveillance study evaluating efficacy and safety of GH therapy of adult @entity2338 @entity1 in clinical practice. The present report examined baseline data from 1,123 @entity3520 ( @entity3520 ) and 362 childhood onset (CO) @entity1 , as well as efficacy in 242 @entity1 who had completed 3 yr of GH treatment. At study entry, mean height, body mass index, waist to hip ratio, and lean body mass were significantly (P < 0.001 for each) lower in CO compared with @entity3520 @entity1 . After 3 yr on GH, lean body mass was significantly increased in @entity3520 males and females and CO males but not CO females, whereas fat mass was significantly decreased in @entity3520 males only. Serum total @entity165 was decreased in females (-0.32 +/- 1.00 mmol/liter; P = 0.045) and males (-0.36 +/- 0.96 mmol/liter; P = 0.004). High-density lipoprotein (HDL) @entity165 was increased for females (0.10 +/- 0.26 mmol/liter; P = 0.026) and males (0.10 +/- 0.34 mmol/liter; P = 0.022). The low-density lipoprotein/HDL ratio was decreased in @entity3520 males (-0.93 +/- 2.00; P = 0.003), @entity3520 females (-0.65 +/- 0.74; P < 0.001), and CO females (-0.69 +/- 0.76; P = 0.038), but the decrease in CO males was not significant (-0.84 +/- 2.85; P = 0.273). In @entity3520 @entity1 , lean body mass increase from baseline was greatest in the those younger than 40 yr old, less but still significant in the middle group (40-60 yr) and unchanged in older (>60 yr) @entity1 ; conversely, decreases in the low-density lipoprotein/HDL ratio were small and not significant in the younger @entity1 but greater and significant in the middle and older age groups. During the 3-yr treatment, 114 (7.7%) @entity1 discontinued, including 9 (0.6%) for @entity5 recurrences, 9 (0.6%) for @entity5 , and 9 (0.6%) for side effects. Therefore, these observational data showed significant long-term efficacy of adult GH replacement therapy on body composition and lipid profiles and indicate that age is an important predictor of response.

title: @entity1 growth hormone replacement in adult hypopituitary XXXX : long-term effects on body composition and lipid status--3-year results from the HypoCCS Database.

entities_list: @entity2338 :: ('MESH:D004393', 'Disease') :: ['GH-deficient']

entities_list: @entity3520 :: ('MESH:D020821', 'Disease') :: ['adult onset', 'AO']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'neoplasia']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: @entity72 ( @entity72 ) are a group of @entity717 that affect social interaction and communication and are characterized by repetitive behaviors. There is now a large body of evidence that suggests a complex role of genetics in @entity72 , in which many different loci are involved. Although many current population-scale genomic studies have been demonstrably fruitful, these studies generally focus on analyzing a limited part of the genome or use a limited set of bioinformatics tools. These limitations preclude the analysis of genome-wide perturbations that may contribute to the development and severity of @entity2438 -related phenotypes. To overcome these limitations, we have developed and utilized an integrative clinical and bioinformatics pipeline for generating a more complete and reliable set of genomic variants for downstream analyses. Our study focuses on the analysis of three simplex @entity2438 families consisting of one affected @entity1 , unaffected parents, and one unaffected sibling. All members were clinically evaluated and widely phenotyped. Genotyping arrays and whole-genome sequencing were performed on each member, and the resulting sequencing data were analyzed using a variety of available bioinformatics tools. We searched for rare variants of putative functional impact that were found to be segregating according to de novo, autosomal recessive, X-linked, mitochondrial, and compound heterozygote transmission models. The resulting candidate variants included three small heterozygous copy-number variations (CNVs), a rare heterozygous de novo nonsense mutation in @entity46008 located within exon 1, and a novel de novo missense variant in @entity13940 . Our work demonstrates how more comprehensive analyses that include rich clinical data and whole-genome sequencing data can generate reliable results for use in downstream investigations.

title: Genome-wide variant analysis of simplex XXXX families with an integrative clinical-bioinformatics pipeline.

entities_list: @entity72 :: ('MESH:D002659', 'Disease') :: ['ASDs', 'Autism spectrum disorders']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['developmental disabilities']

answer: @entity2438 :: (MESH:D001321,Disease) :: ['autism']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Earlier results highlighted @entity6737 during type-1 @entity1120 ( @entity1120 ), but its potential mechanisms and long-term progression remained unexamined. METHODS: We analyzed the clinical, biological and @entity68 characteristics of type-1 @entity1120 @entity1 , before and after starting enzyme-replacement therapy (ERT). @entity68 parameters under ERT were subjected to linear-regression analyses. RESULTS: Serum ferritin (median 739 [46-2371]  g/L) was determined for 54 @entity1 (21 (39%) males; median age 32 [range 12-73] years) before ERT; it exceeded 300  g/L in 47 (87%), while the other @entity68 parameters always remained normal: @entity69 saturation coefficient (26 [16-42]), serum @entity68 at 13 [6-22] mmol/L and @entity69 at 2.4 [2,3] g/L. Four @entity1 had mild elevation of liver transaminases, with @entity1851 >20mg/l in two. The absence of @entity2142 was accompanied by a median @entity648 of 9  mol/L and @entity880 dehydrogenase at 250 IU/L; @entity6 and @entity14822 were not observed. Clinical, biological and @entity68 parameters at @entity1120 diagnosis were comparable for the 12 and 42 @entity1 with ferritinemia  <=400 and >400  g/L, respectively. Ferritinemia was measured at least once for 46 @entity1 after ERT onset (median treatment duration 90 [3-204] months). At study closure, median serum ferritin was 187.5 [11-1560]  g/L, exceeding 300  g/L in 15 (33%) @entity1 , while the other @entity68 parameters were normal. Among the latter, only the mean  SD ferritinemia slope decreased significantly under ERT (-1.9  0.3%/month; p<0.001). CONCLUSION: @entity6737 is a specific @entity1120 characteristic and serum ferritin monitoring could be informative during follow-up.

title: Ferritinemia during type 1 XXXX : mechanisms and progression under treatment.

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity14822 :: ('MESH:C562935', 'Disease') :: ['lipid anomalies']

entities_list: @entity648 :: ('MESH:D001663', 'Chemical') :: ['bilirubin']

entities_list: @entity1120 :: ('MESH:D005776', 'Disease') :: ['GD', 'Gaucher disease']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity2142 :: ('MESH:D006461', 'Disease') :: ['hemolysis']

entities_list: @entity6737 :: ('MESH:C538137', 'Disease') :: ['hyperferritinemia', 'Hyperferritinemia']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

answer: @entity1120 :: (MESH:D005776,Disease) :: ['Gaucher disease']


abstract: PURPOSE: Studies to date have not investigated whether body mass index (BMI) affects the sensitivity and specificity of magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP). The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of BMI and also concomitant @entity788 , @entity2679 and @entity2963 on the sensitivity and specificity of MRCP. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between January 2004 and December 2011, 185 @entity1 were included in the study and divided into 3 groups according to BMI as normal, overweight or @entity28 . Both MRCP and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) were performed in all @entity1 . ERCP was accepted as the "gold standard." The accuracy, sensitivity and specificity values of the 3 groups were calculated to determine any effects on the results of the MRCP. RESULTS: Before separating into groups according to BMI, the statistical results for MRCP in the detection of stone disease were as follows: specificity 74.3%, sensitivity 81.7% and accuracy 79%. After dividing the @entity1 into 3 groups according to BMI, the specificity of stone detection with MRCP in the normal-weight group was 93.8% but decreased to 65.5% in the overweight group and to 72% in the @entity28 group. The sensitivity of stone detection with MRCP in the normal-weight group was 85.2% but decreased to 75% in the overweight group and increased to 88.9% in the @entity28 group. The accuracy was 88.3% in the normal-weight group but decreased to 71.6% in the overweight group and to 81.9% in the @entity28 group. CONCLUSION: Our study showed that MRCP performance was decreased in the overweight and @entity28 groups.

title: Body mass index, @entity2679 , @entity2963 , XXXX and imaging of common bile duct stones.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity2963 :: ('MESH:D002769', 'Disease') :: ['cholelithiasis']

entities_list: @entity2679 :: ('MESH:D002764', 'Disease') :: ['cholecystitis']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatitis']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the helpfulness of sonomorphological index in preoperative @entity43 . MATERIAL AND METHOD: 686 @entity1 diagnosed and treated because of @entity5 were analyzed. At the admission day the @entity1 underwent an ultrasonographical examination that stated morphology of @entity5 using the sonomorphological index (SM). RESULTS: The sonomorphological index demonstrated high prognostic values: accuracy - 80.6%; sensivity - 86.7%; specifity - 77.0%. During the study, histopathological @entity43 with the lowest prognostic values were appointed. Among @entity5 the lowest sensitivity of the test corresponded with: @entity5000 and folliculoma. Among @entity5 the lowest helpfulness in preoperative @entity43 the sonomorphological index demonstrated in following histopathological types: mucinouse @entity9296 and @entity44 . Particular histopathological diagnosis is the @entity43 --all analyzed cases had a false positive result in the test. CONCLUSIONS: In all histopathological types of @entity5 mentioned above, the use of the sonomorphological index require caution. To increase accuracy of preoperative diagnosis based on ultrasonographical examination, additional Doppler examination and also biochemical markers concentration should be considered.

title: [The influence of XXXX histopathological diagnosis on prognostic values of the sonomorphological index].

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['tubo-ovarian abscess', 'diagnosis of ovarian tumours', 'types of ovarian tumours']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity44 :: ('MESH:D013724', 'Disease') :: ['adult teratoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant tumours', 'malignant and benign tumours', 'benign tumours', 'adnexal tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity9296 :: ('MESH:D003537', 'Disease') :: ['cystadenoma']

entities_list: @entity5000 :: ('MESH:D004407', 'Disease') :: ['dysgerminoma']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['ovarian tumour']


abstract: PURPOSE: To identify potential safety profiles for small molecule multi-targeted kinase inhibitors for the treatment of @entity5 . METHODS: A systematic review was performed on published papers and meeting abstracts reporting safety outcomes in @entity5 @entity1 for selected multi-kinase inhibiting small molecules with mainly anti-angiogenic activity. Specifically, we focused on single agent safety or early phase clinical development studies. RESULTS: Of 1,923 studies identified in a MEDLINE search, 26 primary studies met eligibility criteria. Meeting materials included 7 papers, 6 posters, and 27 abstracts. When grade I-IV safety results of all 23 kinases were summed together, @entity294 , @entity1295 , @entity390 , @entity1910 , @entity448 , @entity391 , hand/foot syndrome, and @entity101 were common, occurring in greater than 10% of @entity1 . When only grade III and IV events are pooled together, @entity1295 and @entity101 remain relatively common (> 5%). When total adverse events were stratified by kinase or by kinase family, differences in safety profiles emerged. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this systematic review suggest that adverse events are common and varied for @entity1 treated with a multi-kinase inhibitor. However, unlike some systemic cytotoxic therapies, serious and severe adverse events for multikinase inhibitors are less frequent. Sub-analyses by target kinase or kinase family demonstrate that certain groups of multi-kinase inhibitors can be associated with different safety profiles with unique adverse events.

title: Safety of multi-targeted kinase inhibitors as monotherapy treatment of XXXX : a systematic review of the literature.

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'advanced cancer']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity448 :: ('MESH:D000855', 'Disease') :: ['anorexia']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: This study investigated whether @entity14636 - @entity4458 (L) interactions are important in mediating ionizing radiation-induced @entity358 . Radiotherapy is a key component in the management of @entity5 and is a conditioning regimen for bone marrow transplantation. Unfortunately, radiation therapy is particularly toxic to the lung, potentially inducing a fatal @entity55 and @entity82 , thus limiting its effectiveness. There are no therapies that protect against the development of radiation-induced @entity358 . Using a @entity19 model of radiation-induced @entity358 , a monoclonal anti- @entity4458 antibody ( @entity15594 ) that disrupts @entity14636 - @entity4458 interactions was tested for the ability to reduce @entity651 . C57BL/6 @entity19 were pretreated with either nothing, @entity15594 , or hamster IgG 24 h prior to a single dose of 15 Gray ionizing radiation to the thorax. During the following 26 weeks, @entity19 continued to receive @entity15594 or hamster IgG twice per week. @entity15594 protected against @entity204 from @entity1207 and @entity82 and dramatically reduced lung pathology as evidenced by a limited influx of inflammatory cells, minimal collagen deposition, and septal thickening. @entity15594 also prevented radiation-induced @entity358 and blunted expression of @entity1996 , a proinflammatory enzyme responsible for @entity3009 synthesis. Disruption of @entity14636 - @entity4458 interactions may offer a new mode of intervention to protect against radiation-induced @entity358 .

title: Blockade of @entity14636 - XXXX ligand interactions protects against radiation-induced @entity55 and @entity82 .

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonitis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant diseases']

entities_list: @entity651 :: ('MESH:D055370', 'Disease') :: ['lung injury']

entities_list: @entity3009 :: ('CHEBI:26333', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandin']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary toxicity', 'pulmonary mastocytosis', 'lung toxicity']

entities_list: @entity1207 :: ('MESH:D017564', 'Disease') :: ['radiation pneumonitis']

answer: @entity14636 :: (21939(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['CD40']


abstract: @entity2271 ( @entity2272 ) plays important roles in many aspects of plant growth and development. @entity14261 TB-3-H8, a high-yield strain of ABA, was used to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of ABA production in the present work. cDNA-amplified fragment length polymorphism (cDNA-AFLP) technique was applied to isolate genes differentially expressed between ABA high and low-yield conditions. This resulted in the identification of 856 differentially expressed @entity1949 ( @entity1949 ). Forty-five @entity1949 that displayed obvious up-regulated expression profiles in the ABA high-yield condition were sequenced. Based on BlastX in NCBI, 31 @entity1949 were assumed to have homology with genes encoding proteins with known functions. According to molecular function of @entity74 ( @entity74 ) analysis, the 31 @entity1949 were categorized to proteins with enzyme catalytic activities, transcription factor activities, transporter activities, and kinds of binding activities. Further confirmation of the differential expression of these sequences was carried out by performing semi-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) on 10 randomly selected @entity1949 . Five up-regulated genes were selected to analyze the expression profiles using real-time PCR. This study enriches our knowledge of the molecular basis for ABA biosynthesis in @entity14261 TB-3-H8.

title: Isolation of genes related to XXXX production in @entity14261 TB-3-H8 by cDNA-AFLP.

entities_list: @entity2271 :: ('MESH:D000040', 'Chemical') :: ['Abscisic acid']

entities_list: @entity1949 :: ('MESH:D012892', 'Disease') :: ['transcript-derived fragments', 'TDFs']

entities_list: @entity14261 :: ('40559', 'Species') :: ['Botrytis cinerea', 'B. cinerea']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['gene ontology', 'GO']

answer: @entity2271 :: (MESH:D000040,Chemical) :: ['abscisic acid']


abstract: @entity302 are one of the most well-known dysfunctions of the nervous system. During a @entity410 , a highly synchronized behavior of neural activity is observed that can cause symptoms ranging from mild sensual malfunctions to the complete loss of body control. In this paper, we aim to contribute towards a better understanding of the dynamical systems phenomena that cause @entity410 . Based on data analysis and modelling, @entity410 dynamics can be identified to possess multiple spatial scales and on each spatial scale also multiple time scales. At each scale, we reach several novel insights. On the smallest spatial scale we consider single model neurons and investigate early-warning signs of spiking. This introduces the theory of critical transitions to excitable systems. For clusters of neurons (or neuronal regions) we use @entity1 data and find oscillatory behavior and new scaling laws near the @entity410 onset. These scalings lead to substantiate the conjecture obtained from mean-field models that a Hopf bifurcation could be involved near @entity410 onset. On the largest spatial scale we introduce a measure based on phase-locking intervals and wavelets into @entity410 modelling. It is used to resolve synchronization between different regions in the brain and identifies time-shifted scaling laws at different wavelet scales. We also compare our wavelet-based multiscale approach with maximum linear cross-correlation and mean-phase coherence measures.

title: Scaling effects and spatio-temporal multilevel dynamics in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures', 'seizure']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['Epileptic seizures']

answer: @entity302 :: (MESH:D004827,Disease) :: ['epileptic seizures']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the early diagnosis and treatment of @entity1230 @entity1 with @entity1514 and/or @entity3511 . METHODS: The data of all @entity1230 @entity1 with @entity1514 and/or @entity3511 during the past 10 years were studied retrospectively. RESULTS: In the present study, there were 1 540 @entity1230 @entity1 , accounting for 65.0% of all 2 368 @entity130 @entity1 . Of these @entity1 , 62.4% were in shock state on admission. The operative rates were 15.0% (181/1 206) and 79.9% (612/766) in @entity1 with @entity1514 and @entity3511 (P<0.01), 5.2% (39/758) and 31.7% (142/448) in @entity1 with blunt and penetrating @entity764 (P<0.01), and 72.45% (359/496) and 93.7% (253/270) in @entity1 with blunt and penetrating @entity3511 (P<0.01), respectively. To deal with @entity3511 was performed in 43 cases, with 42 cured. The overall mortality rate was 6.2%. And in the blunt and penetrating subgroups, the mortalities were 7.9% (75/950) and 3.6% (21/590), respectively (P<0.01). Most @entity1 died from exsanguination. CONCLUSIONS: The first "golden hour" after @entity130 should be grasped, since the treatment in this hour can determine greatly whether the critically-injured victim could survive. Prompt diagnosis and proper treatment contribute more greatly to the survival of the victim than the severity of injury.

title: Polytrauma with XXXX and/or @entity3511 : experience in 1 540 cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity764 :: ('MESH:D013898', 'Disease') :: ['chest trauma']

entities_list: @entity1230 :: ('MESH:D009104', 'Disease') :: ['polytrauma']

entities_list: @entity3511 :: ('MESH:D000007', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal injury', 'abdominal injury, angioembolization', 'abdominal injuries']

answer: @entity1514 :: (MESH:D013896,Disease) :: ['thoracic']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity8205 are well-known, important precursors of @entity320 among @entity1 and adults. The adolescence period is an important period for nevi formation and evolution. This study provides data of a longitudinal study of nevi in a Hispanic adolescent population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional survey and 1-year prospective follow-up study was performed on Hispanic students from grades 6 and 7 at a school in Caguas, Puerto Rico (n  =  90). The survey was completed by the students and one of their parents. The backs of the @entity1 were clinically examined for @entity8205 using digital photography and dermoscopy. Follow-up was conducted one year later. RESULTS: The study cohort consisted of 53 (59%) @entity1 and 37 (41%) @entity1 , with an average age of 11.9  years (range 11-13  years). At the beginning of the study, 85% (n  =  71/90) of the students presented with @entity8205 on their backs. After one year, new nevi were identified in 62% (n  =  44/71), and there was a mean increase in nevus count of 1.8 (P  <  0.001). A trend toward increased nevus count in lighter skin types was observed (P  <  0.001). The predominant dermoscopic pattern was reticular (44%). The globular pattern was found most commonly in @entity1 with skin-type II (100%), while the reticular pattern was the most common among skin-types III (32%), IV (56%), and V (45%). CONCLUSIONS: This study supports the utility of digital photography and dermoscopy for the evaluation of @entity8205 , providing evidence of the interrelationship between nevus count, dermoscopic pattern, and skin phenotype.

title: Clinical and dermoscopic patterns of XXXX in Hispanic adolescents: a descriptive study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'girls', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity8205 :: ('MESH:D009508', 'Disease') :: ['melanocytic nevi', 'Melanocytic nevi']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma']

answer: @entity8205 :: (MESH:D009508,Disease) :: ['melanocytic nevi']


abstract: During wakefulness and sleep, neurons in the neocortex emit action potentials tonically or in rhythmic bursts, respectively. However, the role of synchronized discharge patterns is largely unknown. We have recently shown that pairings of excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) and action potential bursts or single spikes lead to long-term @entity308 (burst-LTD) or long-term potentiation, respectively. In this study, we elucidate the cellular mechanisms of burst-LTD and characterize its functional properties. Whole-cell patch-clamp recordings were obtained from layer V pyramidal cells in somatosensory cortex of juvenile @entity35 in vitro and composite EPSPs and EPSCs were evoked extracellularly in layers II/III. Repetitive burst-pairings led to a long-lasting @entity308 of EPSPs and EPSCs that was blocked by inhibitors of metabotropic @entity2227 group 1 receptors, phospholipase C, @entity7131 ( @entity7131 ) and @entity460 release from the endoplasmic reticulum, and that required an intact machinery for endocytosis. Thus, burst-LTD is induced via a @entity141 - and @entity4357 -dependent activation of @entity7131 and expressed through phosphorylation-triggered endocytosis of @entity140 receptors. Functionally, burst-LTD is inversely related to EPSP size and bursts dominate single spikes in determining the sign of synaptic plasticity. Thus burst-firing constitutes a signal by which coincident synaptic inputs are proportionally downsized. Overall, our data thus suggest a mechanism by which synaptic weights can be reconfigured during non-rapid eye @entity10522 .

title: Cellular mechanisms of burst firing-mediated long-term @entity308 in XXXX neocortical pyramidal cells.

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity2227 :: ('CHEBI:29987', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamate']

entities_list: @entity10522 :: ('MESH:D020189', 'Disease') :: ['movement sleep']

entities_list: @entity7131 :: ('MESH:D020151', 'Disease') :: ['protein kinase C', 'PKC']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity4357 :: ('MESH:D010716', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphatidylinositol']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Given the protracted clinical course, diagnostic difficulties, frequent treatment failures and the increasing incidence, @entity1036 caused by free-living acanthamoeba represents a clinical challenge. @entity1 AND METHODS: A 37-year-old healthy female who wore gas-permeable contact lenses for ten years developed @entity1621 , @entity2617 and corneal ring @entity1066 . Cultures were obtained from corneal scrapings, contact lenses and storage container. Medical treatment during the clinical course included @entity19416 , @entity5897 , @entity3102 , @entity6414 , @entity4028 antibiotics and @entity288 . Surgical procedures included bilateral penetrating keratoplasty and extracapsular @entity231 extraction. Each corneal button was examined after chemofluorescent staining with calcofluor white. RESULTS: @entity7101 and @entity5134 were grown from cultures of the contact lens storage container. Although suspected early in the clinical course repeated cultures from corneal scrapings were negative for acanthamoeba. Despite transient remission, medical therapy including therapy for acanthamoeba could not halt the progression of @entity5517 . Visual acuity deteriorated to light perception and counting fingers, respectively. Penetrating keratoplasty was performed 12 and 15 months after the onset of symptoms. Histopathological examination allowed identification of acanthamoeba cysts in each button. Because of secondary @entity231 formation @entity231 -extraction with intraocular lens implantation was simultaneously performed in the right and subsequently in the left eye. While corneal infiltrates recurred and @entity1952 developed due to secondary @entity726 , the left corneal graft has remained clear. CONCLUSIONS: The case-report demonstrates that diagnostic procedures may fail to detect acanthamoeba organisms before obtaining a corneal button for histopathologic examination. @entity1109 later in the clinical course after @entity158 disproportionately related to clinical signs does not exclude the diagnosis of an acanthamoeba @entity1036 . Medical treatment failure may occur despite early initiation of antiparasitic therapy.

title: [Bilateral acanthamoeba XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity5134 :: ('615', 'Species') :: ['Serratia marcescens']

entities_list: @entity1952 :: ('MESH:D009896', 'Disease') :: ['optic atrophy']

entities_list: @entity5897 :: ('MESH:D008825', 'Chemical') :: ['miconazole']

entities_list: @entity5517 :: ('MESH:D015817', 'Disease') :: ['infection in both eyes']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

entities_list: @entity1036 :: ('MESH:D007634', 'Disease') :: ['keratitis']

entities_list: @entity2617 :: ('MESH:D017254', 'Disease') :: ['pseudodentritic subepithelial infiltrates']

entities_list: @entity3102 :: ('MESH:D007654', 'Chemical') :: ['ketoconazole']

entities_list: @entity6414 :: ('MESH:D011112', 'Chemical') :: ['polymyxin B']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['Decreased corneal sensation']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['glaucoma in the right eye']

entities_list: @entity19416 :: ('MESH:C046651', 'Chemical') :: ['propamidine isethionate']

entities_list: @entity7101 :: ('571', 'Species') :: ['Klebsiella oxytoca']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['initial pain']

entities_list: @entity1621 :: ('MESH:C563492', 'Disease') :: ['bilateral keratouveitis']

entities_list: @entity4028 :: ('CHEBI:47779', 'Chemical') :: ['aminoglycoside']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity1036 :: (MESH:D007634,Disease) :: ['keratitis']


abstract: Hymenoptera venom @entity566 is related to higher risk of potential life -threatening anaphylactic reactions, which leads to @entity148 and decreased quality of life. AIM: The aim of this paper was: 1) estimation of fear level of being re-stung among venom @entity566 adults treated with @entity6542 ( @entity6542 )--before and during treatment; 2) estimation of expectation of outcome of @entity6542 as compared to level of @entity148 of being re-strug, in the Visual Analogue Scale--VAS score; 3) identification of factors influencing changes in the fear level among @entity1 during @entity6542 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study group comprised 42 @entity1 (18 @entity1 , 24 @entity1 ) in the mean age 42.6 years, with @entity5157 or vespid @entity566 , who had been qualified to the @entity6542 treatment with Alutard SQ. Visual Analogue Scale--VAS and the Expectation of Outcome Questionnaire were used. The demographic data were collected. RESULTS: The VAS score before @entity6542 for insect venom allergic @entity1 was 8.8 (SD = 0.9). It decreased after achieving maintenance dose to 3.1 (SD = 1.6) and was significantly lower in @entity1 (p < 0.05). Score achieved in the Expectation of Outcome Questionnaire was for each question 2.2 (SD = 1.5) and there was correlation with VAS score during @entity6542 . CONCLUSIONS: The @entity1 with insect venom @entity566 , who undergo a serious @entity56 (SR) as a result of being stung and who are qualified to @entity6542 , have a high level of @entity148 of being re-stung. Achieving the maintenance dose of @entity6542 , results in a significant decrease of @entity148 level in @entity1 and @entity1 , significantly so in @entity1 . There is a significant correlation between VAS score and the Expectation of Outcome Questionnaire results during @entity6542 . Both VAS for @entity148 level and the Expectation of Outcome Questionnaire can be simple, easily available and useful instruments helping to estimate quality of life. @entity6542 significantly decreases the @entity1 level of @entity148 of being restung and improves their quality of life.

title: [Influence of venom immunotherapy on XXXX level of being re-stung].

entities_list: @entity6542 :: ('MESH:C562465', 'Disease') :: ['VIT', 'venom specific immunotherapy']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic reaction']

answer: @entity148 :: (MESH:D001008,Disease) :: ['anxiety']


abstract: @entity270 and @entity4259 have both been shown to have immunostimulatory effects in a variety of species when administered in quantities in excess of established deitary requirements. Responses to each nutrient appeared to be independent of the nutrition of the other. Deficiencies of @entity270 and @entity4259 conversely caused suppression of the immune response system, particularly, cell mediated mechanisms. @entity1155 was shown to be associated with serum factors coating lymphocytes from @entity235 deficient in @entity270 and @entity4259 . Oral supplementation with @entity270 transformed or removed the suppressive factors, dietary @entity4259 had no effect. In vitro peripheral lymphocyte blast transformation tests corroborated observations of in vivo studies. Reducing agents and synthetic anti-oxidants eliminated suppressive effects in vitro. @entity1155 was most marked in @entity235 fed diets highest in @entity5204 ( @entity5204 ) content, providing conditions most conductive to lipid peroxidation in vivo. The essential @entity1718 linoleic and arachidonic have been shown to similarly influence immunoregulatory mechanisms in vivo. The effect may be a direct one since plasma membrane fluidity of lymphoid cells increases the probability of modification of cell--antigen interactions by @entity5204 . However, their effect may also be an indirect one. @entity5204 are known precursor substances of E anf F type prostaglandins which have been shown to affect immediate and delayed @entity56 by stimulating synthesis of @entity1919 . More definitive studies are needed to resolve this question.

title: Influence of XXXX and @entity4259 on immune response mechanisms.

entities_list: @entity5204 :: ('CHEBI:26208', 'Chemical') :: ['polyunsaturated fatty acid', 'PUFA']

entities_list: @entity270 :: ('MESH:D014810', 'Chemical') :: ['Vitamin E', 'vitamin E']

entities_list: @entity4259 :: ('MESH:D012643', 'Chemical') :: ['selenium']

entities_list: @entity1919 :: ('MESH:D000242', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclic AMP']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['hypersensitivity']

entities_list: @entity1155 :: ('MESH:D011596', 'Disease') :: ['Suppression']

entities_list: @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acids']

answer: @entity270 :: (MESH:D014810,Chemical) :: ['vitamin E']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Administration of @entity683 vaccines has been associated with the development of autoantibodies and @entity792 . @entity1 : We discuss 2 @entity1 who developed antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated @entity1333 (AAV) in temporal association with @entity683 immunization. AAV was diagnosed 2 and 4 weeks after immunization in these @entity1 . Both @entity1 had renal involvement with one requiring dialysis. Both @entity1 were treated with @entity786 and @entity288 , and plasmapheresis was added to the immunosuppressive regimen in one @entity1 with dialysis-dependent @entity177 . Both @entity1 achieved disease remission. The @entity1 with initial dialysis-dependent @entity177 reached @entity454 . There are 6 previous cases of AAV in the literature described in temporal association with administration of @entity683 vaccines. CONCLUSION: A causal role of vaccines in AAV cannot be confirmed with these case reports. The temporality suggests that the @entity683 vaccine may be a triggering factor for induction of @entity1333 in predisposed individuals. We review the literature on reported cases of AAV following @entity683 vaccine administration and discuss possible mechanisms for @entity683 vaccine-associated AAV.

title: Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody XXXX associated with @entity683 vaccination.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage renal disease']

entities_list: @entity1333 :: ('MESH:D014657', 'Disease') :: ['vasculitis']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity683 :: ('MESH:D007251', 'Disease') :: ['influenza']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune rheumatic disease']

answer: @entity1333 :: (MESH:D014657,Disease) :: ['vasculitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although a number of medicines are available for the management of @entity101 , the organ damage induced by @entity101 is not resolved. The aim of this study was to investigate the protection of @entity33364 ( @entity13886 ) against @entity6980 and organ damage in spontaneously @entity101 @entity35 (SHR). METHODS: Male SHR were treated with 5, 10 or 20 mg/kg @entity13886 through intraperitoneal injection per day for 1 month. SHR or @entity35 -Kyoto @entity35 (WKY) receiving vehicle (saline) was used as control. Blood pressure detection and pathological stain, transmission electron microscope, immunohistochemical assay were used to elucidate the protection of @entity13886 . RESULTS: Blood pressures were not different between control SHR @entity35 and @entity13886 treated SHR @entity35 , but @entity13886 improved the aortic outward remodeling by lowering the lumen diameter and reducing the media thickness according the histopathological and ultrastructural detections. @entity13886 also protected the retinal vessels against inward remodeling detected by immunohistochemical assay. Furthermore, @entity13886 attenuated the target heart and @entity8 with improvement on cardiac and glomerular structure. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggested that @entity13886 held beneficial effects on vascular structure and further protected against the organ-damage induced by @entity101 . These findings also paved a novel and promising approach to the treatment of @entity101 complications.

title: The protective effects of @entity33364 against @entity101 target-organ damage in spontaneously XXXX @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['kidney damage']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity6980 :: ('MESH:D066253', 'Disease') :: ['vascular remodeling']

entities_list: @entity33364 :: ('MESH:C035054', 'Chemical') :: ['ginsenoside Rg1']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertensive']


abstract: IMPORTANCE: An important adjunct in the management of abdominal gunshot wounds, the role of computed tomography (CT) in the diagnostic workup of @entity2980 remains controversial. OBJECTIVE: To prospectively compare CT against serial physical examination in the evaluation of @entity1 who have sustained a stab wound to the abdomen. DESIGN, SETTING, AND @entity1 : Prospective single-center observational study of all @entity1 sustaining @entity2980 from March 1, 2009, through March 31, 2011. @entity1 who were hemodynamically unstable, unevaluable, peritonitic, or eviscerated proceeded directly to laparotomy (n   =   249). The remainder underwent CT evaluation. The impact of CT findings and physical examination on the decision to operate was analyzed. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Diagnostic accuracy of CT vs physical examination in determining the need for therapeutic laparotomy. RESULTS: A total of 249 @entity1 were enrolled (94% male; mean [SD]: age, 30.8 [12.9] years [range, 16-87 years]; systolic blood pressure, 128 [28] mm Hg; Glasgow @entity772 Scale score, 14 [2]; Injury Severity Score, 6.8 [6.5]). Forty-five @entity1 (18.1%) underwent immediate laparotomy, 27 (10.8%) had superficial @entity130 allowing immediate discharge, and the remaining 177 (71.1%) underwent CT. Of these, 154 (87.0%) were successfully observed, with 20 (11.3%) requiring laparotomy, 2 (1.1%) thoracotomy, and 1 (0.6%) sternotomy. Of the 20 laparotomies, 16 (80.0%) were therapeutic. All @entity1 who underwent therapeutic laparotomy did so based on their physical examination. The most common finding leading to laparotomy was the development of @entity298 in 70%. The CT scan findings did not alter clinical decision making. The sensitivity and specificity of physical examination were 100.0% and 98.7%, respectively, while those of CT were 31.3% and 84.2%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In this prospective evaluation of @entity1661 wound management, serial physical examination was able to discriminate between @entity1 requiring a therapeutic laparotomy and those who could be safely observed. A physical examination-based diagnostic algorithm was effective and decreased radiation burden in the management of @entity2980 .

title: Prospective evaluation of the role of computed tomography in the assessment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1661 :: ('MESH:D000008', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal stab']

entities_list: @entity2980 :: ('MESH:D014951', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal stab wounds']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['peritonitis']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['injuries']

answer: @entity2980 :: (MESH:D014951,Disease) :: ['abdominal stab wounds']


abstract: @entity117 ( @entity1281 ) exerts an antiaggregatory effect on platelets by irreversible inhibition of the enzyme thrombocyte cyclooxigenase when it is administered orally at doses above 80 mg/day. For several years ASA has been available as a solution that can be topically applied on the skin. It is widely used by athletes and individuals with chronic @entity627 . However, it has not been established to date whether the plasma levels that result from these doses of ASA affect hemostasis during odontological procedures that involve @entity548 , causing @entity1423 . The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether topical application is capable of affecting hemostasis. Three studies were conducted: A, B y C. Each of the 3 groups included 12 healthy volunteers of both sexes. The aim of study A was to evaluate if the formulation for topical application resulted in plasma levels of ASA that resembled those observed for the oral formulation and affect hemostasis. In experiment A, plasma levels of @entity3785 (SA) were assessed for each volunteer at 30 minutes, 60 minutes, 6 hours, 12 hours and 24 hours after oral administration of a dose of 500 mg ASA. Experiment B was identical to experiment A except for the fact that ASA was topically applied employing a commercial preparation Aspirub in a predetermined area at a rate of 2 ml/day over a period of 15 days. Experiment C was designed in the same way as experiment B, for a higher dose and a longer period of time (4 ml/day over a period of 30 days). One of the volunteers exhibited detectable salicylemia that could affect hemostasis as occurs with the oral formulation. The following two studies ( @entity6350 ) employed doses of Aspirub of 8 and 16 ml/day respectively, over a period of 30 days. We measured biochemical parameters associated to platelet function. The dose of 8 ml/day induced moderate alterations in all the parameters related to platelet function and the daily dose of 16 ml inhibited @entity1423 in all the volunteers involved.

title: Effect of transdermic XXXX on hemostasis in healthy volunteers.

entities_list: @entity3785 :: ('MESH:D020156', 'Chemical') :: ['salicylic acid']

entities_list: @entity627 :: ('MESH:D012216', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatic disorders']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity1423 :: ('MESH:D001791', 'Disease') :: ['platelet aggregation', 'platelet dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['Acetylsalicylic acid']

answer: @entity117 :: (MESH:D001241,Chemical) :: ['acetylsalicylic acid']


abstract: 1. The kinetics of the plasma disappearance of @entity648 (2 mg/kg intravenously) were studied in 106 @entity1 with @entity9528 and in 13 normal subjects. 2. All @entity1 had significant decreases in hepatic @entity648 clearance and transfer rates from plasma to liver, resulting in increased values for plasma retention at 4 h. The calculated value for unconugated @entity648 production was normal in 40% of @entity1 and increased in the remainder. 3. In 29 of the Gilbert's @entity1 their @entity8600 kinetics were studied 1 week before the @entity648 test. These results were essentially normal and it was concluded that the hepatic clearance mechanisms for @entity648 and @entity8600 are different. 4. In 10 @entity1 the @entity648 transport maximum (Tm) was found to be low whereas the relative storage capacity (S) was normal. @entity109 treatment in four @entity1 resulted in an increase in Tm, and S decreased in two @entity1 and remained unchanged in the other two. 5. These results support the hypothesis that there are several variants of @entity9528 and that the @entity648 tolerance test is a useful diagnostic test.

title: An evaluation of @entity648 kinetics with respect to the diagnosis of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8600 :: ('MESH:D013448', 'Chemical') :: ['bromosulphthalein']

entities_list: @entity648 :: ('MESH:D001663', 'Chemical') :: ['bilirubin']

entities_list: @entity109 :: ('MESH:D010634', 'Chemical') :: ['Phenobarbitone']

entities_list: @entity9528 :: ('MESH:D005878', 'Disease') :: ["Gilbert's syndrome"]

answer: @entity9528 :: (MESH:D005878,Disease) :: ['Gilbert's syndrome']


abstract: CONTEXT: Cough is a common distressing symptom in @entity2 @entity1 . Its assessment is hampered by the lack of a validated scale to measure the complex cough experience in this population. OBJECTIVES: To describe the development and preliminary validation of a scale to measure cough in @entity2 @entity1 . METHODS: In the first phase, collection of qualitative data from @entity1 interviews, a review of literature, and identification of noncancer cough scales resulted in the development of a pool of 30 items. This item pool was tested for appropriateness of content and breadth of coverage with 18 @entity1 with @entity2 and 25 health care professionals. The second phase was the operationalization/phrasing of items. The final phase was the scale's field testing with 139 @entity1 , 49 of whom repeated the assessment after one week. RESULTS: The first phase led to the deletion of several items and the addition of four, resulting in a final scale for field testing of 21 items. In the field testing, the scale was decreased to 10 items, eliminating items on psychometric grounds. The final scale's Cronbach alpha (internal consistency) was 0.86, item to total correlations ranged from 0.40 to 0.76, and test-retest reliability was high (intraclass correlation=0.83). CONCLUSION: We have developed a promising tool to assess cough in @entity2 , but this needs validation, and future studies should determine whether this is a sensitive and responsive tool. A fully validated tool can be used in the clinical assessment of cough in @entity5 @entity1 , and as a unidimensional impact scale in the measurement of cough as an outcome in intervention studies.

title: The Manchester cough in XXXX scale: the development and preliminary validation of a new assessment tool.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['lung cancer']


abstract: With widespread use of laparoscopy in @entity1 with @entity5 , occasionally port-site metastasis is an item of concern. Herein we report a case of @entity1822 that metastasized to an accessory port after laparoscopic-assisted vaginal hysterectomy. A 46-year-old @entity1 with a preoperative diagnosis of @entity2909 underwent laparoscopic-assisted vaginal hysterectomy. Final histopathologic findings revealed @entity1822 . A postoperative abdominopelvic computed tomography scan demonstrated no evidence of @entity3 . The @entity1 received 6 courses of combined chemotherapy consisting of @entity900 and @entity1260 . Follow-up computed tomography was performed because of pelvic @entity158 at 4 months after treatment and revealed a recurrent @entity530 and a metastatic mass at previous right trocar site. At debulking surgery, a pelvic mass measuring 10 cm was observed, and a subcutaneous nodule measuring 4 cm was noted at the site of the right accessory port, with intact underlying peritoneum. After complete removal of both @entity5 , concurrent chemoradiation consisting of external radiotherapy and @entity900 was administered. Six months after the second surgery, a pelvic mass measuring 15 cm was observed. A second debulking surgical procedure was performed. However, the @entity1 died of the disease 6 months after the second recurrence.

title: Unusual trocar site metastasis in a XXXX after laparoscopic hysterectomy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['gynecologic malignancy', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity530 :: ('MESH:D010386', 'Disease') :: ['pelvic tumor']

entities_list: @entity1822 :: ('MESH:D007890', 'Disease') :: ['leiomyosarcoma', 'leiomyosarcoma of the uterus']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic tumor']

entities_list: @entity1260 :: ('MESH:D007069', 'Chemical') :: ['ifosfamide']

entities_list: @entity2909 :: ('MESH:D007889', 'Disease') :: ['leiomyoma']

answer: @entity1822 :: (MESH:D007890,Disease) :: ['uterine leiomyosarcoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Sudden unexpected @entity204 (SUCD) accounts for approximately 25% of deaths from @entity299 ( @entity299 ) but is relatively poorly understood because of the difficulties involved in researching aetiology. Clinical differences between instances of SUCD and those cases of acute @entity662 that survive long enough to be proven as @entity583 but are eventually fatal might reflect differences in aetiology. AIMS: To determine the risk factors for sudden unexpected @entity204 in Tasmanian @entity1 . METHODS: A population-based case-control method was used with the study population, an estimated 125,225 @entity1 aged 25-74 years living in the island State of Tasmania, Australia. The case group of 102 @entity1 who had a SUCD was validated using necropsy reports, hospital records and information provided by the usual general practitioner. Cases were matched with 204 community controls. Spouses or partners of eligible subjects answered a detailed questionnaire. Multi-variate odds ratios (ORs) for risk factors were calculated using stepwise analysis. RESULTS: Risk factors measured included: smoking habit, treated @entity101 , hypercholesterolaemia, @entity6 , family history of @entity299 , @entity167 intake and exercise habits. Independent risk factors for SUCD were: history of @entity6 (OR = 4.2, 95% CI: 1.39, 12.81), current smoking status (OR = 3.5, 95% CI: 1.80, 6.82), and family history of @entity299 (OR = 2.6, 95% CI: 1.34, 4.92). CONCLUSIONS: Some accepted risk factors for @entity583 ( @entity583 ) also predict @entity944 in @entity1 with no history of @entity301 . Efforts to reduce smoking, the incidence of @entity6 and mean blood pressure must be continued as SUCD is, by definition, untreatable but is potentially avoidable in many instances.

title: Risk factors for sudden unexpected XXXX in Tasmanian @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['chest pain']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity944 :: ('MESH:D003645', 'Disease') :: ['sudden death']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary disease']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['ischaemic heart disease', 'IHD']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['AMI', 'myocardial infarction', 'acute myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac death']

answer: @entity204 :: (MESH:D003643,Disease) :: ['cardiac death']


abstract: Eukaryotic chromosomes terminate with specialized structures called telomeres. Maintenance of chromosomal ends in most eukaryotes studied to date requires a specialized enzyme, telomerase. Telomerase has been shown to be developmentally regulated in @entity1 and a few other multicellular organisms, while it is constitutively expressed in unicellular eukaryotes. Recently, we demonstrated telomerase activity in plant extracts using the PCR-based TRAP (Telomeric Repeat Amplification Protocol) assay developed for @entity1 cells. Here we report telomerase activities in two grass species, @entity2247 and @entity2829 , using a modified, semi-quantitative TRAP assay. Telomerase was highly active in very young immature embryos and gradually declined during embryo development. The endosperm telomerase activity was detectable, but significantly lower than in the embryo and declined during kernel development with no detectable activity in later stages. Telomerase activity in dissected @entity2829 embryo axis was several orders of magnitude higher than in the scutellum. Telomerase activity was not detected in a range of differentiated tissues including those with active meristems such as root tips as well as the internode and leaf base. The role of telomerase repression during differentiation and the relationship between chromosome healing and telomerase activity is discussed.

title: Development patterns of telomerase activity in XXXX and @entity2829 .

answer: @entity2247 :: (4513,Species) :: ['barley']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Postresuscitation @entity296 has been recognized as a leading cause of @entity204 after initially successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation. We have previously demonstrated that opening @entity855 ( @entity855 )-sensitive K (KATP) channels or activation of delta-opioid receptors minimized the severity of postresuscitation @entity296 and increased the duration of postresuscitation survival. In the present study, we investigated the potential mechanism of myocardial protection following delta-opioid receptor activation in a @entity35 model of @entity1167 and cardiopulmonary resuscitation. DESIGN: Randomized prospective animal study. SETTING: Animal research laboratory. SUBJECTS: Male @entity35 . INTERVENTIONS: @entity2224 was induced in 24 @entity35 . Mechanical ventilation and precordial compression were initiated after 8 mins of untreated @entity2224 . Defibrillation was attempted after 6 mins of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The animals were randomized to four groups: a) @entity12586 (0.3 mg/kg), a delta-opioid receptor agonist; b) @entity12586 pretreated with KATP channel blocker, @entity5217 (0.3 mg/kg), administered 45 mins before induction of @entity2224 ; c) @entity5217 pretreated alone 45 mins before induction of @entity2224 ; and d) placebo. @entity12586 or saline placebo was injected into the right atrium after 5 mins of untreated @entity2224 . MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Postresuscitation myocardial function, as measured by the rate of left ventricular pressure increase at 40 mm Hg, left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, and cardiac index, was significantly improved in @entity12586 -treated animals. This was associated with significantly prolonged duration of survival. Except for ease of defibrillation, the beneficial effects of @entity12586 were abolished by pretreatment with the KATP channel blocker @entity5217 . CONCLUSIONS: The postresuscitation myocardial protective effects provided by activation of delta-opioid receptor may be mediated via opening KATP channels.

title: Mechanism by which activation of delta-opioid receptor reduces the severity of postresuscitation XXXX .

entities_list: @entity12586 :: ('MESH:D010423', 'Chemical') :: ['pentazocine', 'Pentazocine']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity5217 :: ('MESH:D005905', 'Chemical') :: ['glibenclamide']

entities_list: @entity2224 :: ('MESH:D014693', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular fibrillation', 'Ventricular fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrest']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['rat', 'Sprague-Dawley rats']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['early death']

entities_list: @entity855 :: ('MESH:D000255', 'Chemical') :: ['adenosine triphosphate', 'ATP']

answer: @entity296 :: (MESH:D009202,Disease) :: ['myocardial dysfunction']


abstract: AIMS: @entity3630 ( @entity631 ) is an immune-complex disease with a relatively poor prognosis. It has no established treatment in adults. Our hypothesis was that this disease would respond to B cell depletion with rituximab, an anti- @entity2225 monoclonal antibody. METHODS: We conducted an openlabel trial, in Canada and the United States, of rituximab in 6 adult @entity1 with @entity3630 (4 idiopathic, 2 with @entity14033 ). The rituximab dose was 1,000 mg intravenously on Day 1 and on Day 15. The @entity1 were followed for 1 year. The primary outcome was the change in @entity644 . RESULTS: Peripheral blood B cells were suppressed, after rituximab, in all @entity1 . The mean urinary protein excretion was 3.9    2.0 g/d before treatment. @entity644 fell in all @entity1 , at all-time points, after rituximab administration. The difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05) at 6, 9 and 12 months, but not at 3 months. The minimum mean urinary protein excretion was 1.4    1.4 g/d at 9 months. There were 2 complete and 3 partial remissions among the 6 @entity1 . The @entity1011 clearance did not change significantly over the course of the study. There were no adverse effects. CONCLUSIONS: Rituximab reduced @entity644 among @entity1 with @entity3630 . This trial suggests that B cells may play a role in this disease and that additional study of B-cell suppression is warranted.

title: Rituximab therapy for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['Proteinuria', 'proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity14033 :: ('MESH:D003449', 'Disease') :: ['cryoglobulinemia']

entities_list: @entity3630 :: ('MESH:D015432', 'Disease') :: ['Type I membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis', 'Type I MPGN']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

answer: @entity3630 :: (MESH:D015432,Disease) :: ['Type I membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis']


abstract: A retrospective study was conducted on 72 @entity1 admitted to a medical center in Taiwan due to invasive @entity7706 diagnosed between January 1990 and April 2000. Of these @entity1 , 28 had @entity693 and 44 had other @entity3 . Forty-one (56.9%) strains of @entity328 showed reduced susceptibility to @entity114 by the oxacillin disc diffusion method. The total mortality was 20.8%, 32.1% for @entity693 , and 13.6% for other @entity3 . Ten (52.6%) of the @entity1 survived from @entity693 had long-term sequelae. Statistical analysis showed that initial presentation of @entity772 , @entity1457 , respiratory distress requiring mechanical ventilation, and @entity1431 (leukocyte <4,000 /mm3) were associated with mortality of invasive @entity7706 . Low cerebrospinal fluid leukocyte count (<50 /mm3) and high cerebrospinal fluid protein level (> or = 660 mg/dL) were also associated with mortality of @entity693 . The presence of underlying diseases and high @entity493 aminotransferase level (> or = 100 U/L) were associated with fatal non-meningitic @entity3 . @entity1 with @entity1457 and high @entity493 aminotransferase level but without high C-reactive protein level (> or = 20 mg/dL) were associated with rapidly fatal outcome. The outcome of invasive @entity66 was not associated with @entity114 susceptibility.

title: Clinical outcome of invasive @entity7706 in XXXX : a 10-year retrospective analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity7706 :: ('MESH:D011008', 'Disease') :: ['pneumococcal infections']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['pneumococcal diseases']

entities_list: @entity114 :: ('MESH:D010406', 'Chemical') :: ['penicillin']

entities_list: @entity693 :: ('MESH:D008581', 'Disease') :: ['meningitis']

entities_list: @entity1431 :: ('MESH:D007970', 'Disease') :: ['leukopenia']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['invasive diseases']

entities_list: @entity493 :: ('CHEBI:16449', 'Chemical') :: ['alanine']

entities_list: @entity328 :: ('1313', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus pneumoniae']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: AIM: To assess effect and @entity137 of @entity1168 ( @entity1168 ) alone or in combination with external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) in centrally located @entity5 of the upper respiratory tract. @entity1 AND METHODS: From 1987 to 1996, 55 @entity1 were treated. Twenty-one @entity1 (group A1: 17 @entity1149 [ @entity1149 ], A2: 4 metastases from other @entity5 ) were treated using @entity1168 alone due to a relapse after external beam irradiation. In 34 previously untreated and inoperable @entity1 (group B1: 27 @entity1149 , B2: 7 metastases from other @entity5 ) @entity1168 was given as a boost after EBRT (30 to 60 Gy, median 50). @entity1168 was carried out with a 192Ir source (370 GBq). The brachytherapy dose (group A: 5 to 27 Gy, median 20; B: 10 to 20 Gy, median 15) was prescribed to 1 cm distance from the source axis. A distanciable applicator was used in 39/55 @entity1 . RESULTS: In group A1, a response rate (CR, PR) of 53% (group B1: 77%) was reached. The median survival (Kaplan-Meier) was 5 months in group A1 (B1: 20 months). The 1-, 3- and 5-year local progression free survival rates (Kaplan-Meier) were 66% (15%), 52% (0%), and 37% (0%) in group B1 (group A1). Prognostic favorable factors in group B1 were a @entity5 diameter < 20 mm, the lack of radiological mediastinal involvement, a complete remission, and a Karnofsky performance status > 70. Grade-1 or 2 @entity137 (RTOG/EORTC) occurred in 0% in group A and in 6% in group B. We observed no Grade-3 or 4 @entity137 . Complications caused by persistent or progressive @entity66 occurred in 3 @entity1 in group A (fatal @entity548 , @entity292 , hemoptysis) and in 2 @entity1 in group B (fatal @entity548 , hemoptysis). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1168 brachytherapy is an effective treatment with moderate side effects. In combination with external beam irradiation long-term remissions can be reached in one third of the @entity1 .

title: Effect and @entity137 of endoluminal XXXX ( @entity1168 ) brachytherapy in centrally located @entity5 of the upper respiratory tract.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['local disease']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'malignancies', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small-cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity292 :: ('MESH:D005402', 'Disease') :: ['tracheomediastinal fistula']

entities_list: @entity1168 :: ('MESH:D001919', 'Disease') :: ['HDR', 'high-dose-rate afterloading']

answer: @entity1168 :: (MESH:D001919,Disease) :: ['high-dose-rate']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: Liver resection has improved the survival of @entity14 @entity1 with @entity3 . However, there are groups at high risk of recurrence after liver resection. This report reviews our results using anatomical liver resection and analyzes the prognostic factors. METHODOLOGY: We analyzed 78 @entity1 who underwent anatomical liver resection of liver @entity3 from @entity14 between June 1988 and March 2002. RESULTS: Twenty-nine @entity1 had synchronous @entity3 , and 49 had metachronous. The 5-year overall survival rate was 43%. @entity1 with more than three @entity3 had a significantly poorer 5-year recurrence-free survival rate. There was no statistical difference in the 5-year overall survival rate between @entity1 with metachronous @entity3 (41%) and those with synchronous (44%) @entity3 . The 5-year overall survival rate was significantly poorer for @entity1 with an interval of 1 year or less between colorectal and liver resections than for @entity1 with a longer interval. Recurrence after liver resection occurred in 38 @entity1 (49%). The recurrences occurred in the lung in 18 @entity1 , in remnant liver in 15 @entity1 , in lymph nodes in 7 @entity1 , and in other organs in 6 @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that anatomical liver resection of liver @entity3 from @entity14 improves survival. Liver @entity3 that occur within 1 year of colorectal resection may need an interval of observation before liver resection.

title: Factors affecting the prognosis of anatomical liver resection for liver XXXX from @entity14 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic tumors', 'metastases']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['metastases']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Systemic chemotherapies are associated with limited response rates and significant @entity137 in @entity1 with @entity5 (DET). Preliminary studies have reported interesting results with @entity2903 in @entity1 with DET. AIM: It was the aim of this study to assess the efficacy and safety of @entity2903 in @entity1 with malignant DET. @entity1 AND METHODS: Twenty-one @entity1 , median age 61 years (range 56-77), with metastatic well-differentiated DET were retrospectively studied. All @entity1 except 1 had received prior treatment (hepatic resection, chemotherapy). All @entity1 had progressive disease in the 3 months prior to entry into the study. @entity2903 was administered at doses of 200 mg/m(2) daily for 5 days, every 28 days. Treatment was assessed for safety, progression-free and overall survival. RESULTS: The median number of @entity2903 cycles was 5 (range 2-15). Grade 3 hematological @entity137 occurred in 5 @entity1 . There were no toxic deaths. According to the Response Evaluation Criteria in @entity5 criteria, partial response and stabilization were obtained in 1 (5%) and 17 @entity1 (81%), respectively. The median time to progression was 9 months (range 3-26). The 1-year progression-free survival and overall survival were 42 and 77%, respectively. CONCLUSION: @entity2903 is a well-tolerated oral chemotherapy in @entity1 with malignant DET, including those who have already received treatment. In @entity1 with progressive disease, @entity2903 controls @entity5 progression in 86% of cases.

title: @entity2903 : a safe and effective treatment for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Solid Tumors', 'malignant digestive endocrine tumors']

entities_list: @entity2903 :: ('MESH:C047246', 'Chemical') :: ['Temozolomide', 'temozolomide']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['malignant digestive endocrine tumors']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To cross-culturally adapt and validate Singapore English and Chinese versions of the @entity3331 and @entity571 Outcome Score (KOOS) in @entity1 with @entity626 ( @entity571 ) in Singapore. METHODS: Singapore English and Chinese versions were cross-culturally adapted from the source English KOOS following standard guidelines (including cognitive debriefing). @entity1 were asked to complete identical questionnaires containing the KOOS, Short Form 36 Health Survey, and EQ-5D twice within 6 days. Reliability was assessed using Cronbach's alpha and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), dimensionality using item-to-domain correlations and convergent and divergent construct validity using 14 and 13 a priori hypotheses, respectively. RESULTS: Singapore English and Chinese KOOS versions were well accepted by @entity1 in pilot testing and were therefore administered to a consecutive sample of 127 English and 131 Chinese-speaking Singaporeans with knee @entity571 . Cronbach's alpha exceeded 0.7 for all domains except for Chinese @entity158 and symptoms domains. ICC exceeded 0.7 for all domains except for English sport and recreation and Chinese knee-related QoL domains. Hypothesized item-to-domain correlations (Spearman's rho>or=0.4) were observed for 38 items in English and 29 in Chinese versions. Convergent construct validity was supported by the presence of hypothesized moderate/strong correlations (rho=0.37-0.65) for 13 and 11 a priori hypotheses in the English and Chinese KOOS, respectively. Divergent construct validity was supported by the presence of weak correlations (rho=0.02-0.34) for 12 and 11 a priori hypotheses in the English and Chinese KOOS, respectively. CONCLUSION: The Singapore English and Chinese KOOS were well accepted and demonstrated acceptable reliability and validity in Asian @entity1 with knee @entity571 in Singapore.

title: Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of Singapore English and Chinese versions of the @entity3331 and @entity571 Outcome Score (KOOS) in Asians with XXXX in Singapore.

entities_list: @entity626 :: ('MESH:D020370', 'Disease') :: ['knee osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['OA', 'Osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity3331 :: ('MESH:D007718', 'Disease') :: ['Knee injury']

answer: @entity626 :: (MESH:D020370,Disease) :: ['knee osteoarthritis']