abstract: Four hundred and sixty-four @entity1 with @entity4773 received continuous maintenance treatment with @entity5616 for up to 9 years. Treatment failure was defined as either the first symptomatic recurrence of @entity1066 or the first @entity1066 accompanied by @entity548 . Life tables were constructed using the Kaplan-Meier product-limit method; comparisons of survival curves were performed using the log-rank test; and multivariate analysis was carried out using the Cox proportional hazards model. Results. The proportion of @entity1 remaining free from symptomatic recurrence of @entity1066 during maintenance treatment with either 150 mg/day or 300 mg/day @entity5616 was: 95% at 1 year; 88% at 3 years; 86% at 5 years; and 81% at 7 and 9 years (95% C.I. 76-86%). Young age and the absence of exposure to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) at the time of diagnosis of @entity1066 were shown to increase the likelihood of developing @entity1066 . The rate of @entity1066 after 9 years of maintenance treatment (17%) was significantly less than that after 5 years without active anti- @entity1066 therapy (80%), P = 0.0001. The proportion of @entity1 who remained free from @entity548 during maintenance treatment was: 99.1% at 1 year and 98.1% at 5 and 9 years (95% C.I. 96.7-99.6%). The risk of @entity548 was significantly greater in @entity1 who were not receiving active treatment (12.4% at 5 years) than in @entity1 receiving maintenance treatment (less than 2% at 9 years), P = 0.0001 (log-rank test). @entity1 who had originally presented with @entity548 had an increased risk of further @entity1066 compared with @entity1 who presented with @entity158 (P = 0.0013). A significantly greater proportion of @entity1 with NSAID-associated duodenal @entity1066 remained free from @entity1066 during maintenance treatment compared with @entity1 suffering from 'idiopathic' @entity1066 (P = 0.0238), although there was no difference between the two groups in respect of @entity548 during maintenance treatment. Conclusions. (a) Continuous maintenance treatment with @entity5616 for up to nine years successfully prevents @entity1066 in more than 80% of @entity1 with @entity4773 . (b) Young age increases the risk of @entity1066 during maintenance treatment with @entity5616 . Ulcers associated with NSAID-intake at the time of diagnosis have a lesser risk of recurrence during maintenance treatment. (c) The risk of @entity548 in @entity1 with @entity1066 receiving maintenance treatment with @entity5616 for nine years was less than 2% compared with greater than 12% in untreated @entity1 observed for 5 years.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: Nine years of maintenance treatment with @entity5616 for XXXX with @entity4773 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['haemorrhage', 'ulcer haemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulcer', 'ulcer disease', 'ulcer bleeding', 'ulcer recurrence', 'ulcers']

entities_list: @entity4773 :: ('MESH:D004381', 'Disease') :: ['duodenal ulcer disease']

entities_list: @entity5616 :: ('MESH:D011899', 'Chemical') :: ['ranitidine']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Fc-receptors for IgG (Fc gamma R) on resting (i.e. freshly prepared) and mitogen (Con A) or @entity22140 -activated @entity19 spleen T cells were compared using binding of different markers such as 125J-labelled immune complexes, 125J-labelled anti Fc gamma R monoclonal antibody, @entity2823 -labelled aggr. IgG and @entity742 erythrocytes covered with specific antibody (EA rosetting). C3b receptors were detected by rosetting with @entity742 erythrocytes covered with antibody and complement (EAC rosetting). The electrophoretic mobility of the cells without or after binding of aggr. IgG was also tested. A number of differences between resting and activated T cells were found: After activation of T cells by mitogen or @entity22140 , a proportion of Fc gamma R-positive cells increased two to four times. Fc gamma R number per Fc gamma R-positive cell seemed to be higher on activated then on resting cells. Fc gamma R-positive resting cells did not shed their Fc gamma R upon incubation at 4 degrees C followed by incubation at 37 degrees C, but Fc gamma R-positive activated cells shed a remarkable proportion of their Fc gamma R on the same conditions. Binding of aggr. IgG caused a decrease of electrophoretic mobility of activated but not resting cells. Fc gamma R-positive resting cells were also C3b receptor-positive, whereas Fc gamma R-positive activated cells had no detectable C3b receptors.

title: [Comparative studies of Fc receptors for IgG on resting and activated XXXX T lymphocytes using different methods].

entities_list: @entity22140 :: ('MESH:D007519', 'Chemical') :: ['alloantigen']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: We designed this study to investigate the modulating effects of @entity4480 on symptoms and grey matter of @entity1 with @entity308 combined with @entity4697 . We also aimed to discover if there was any persistence of grey-matter deficits after remission and to find 'trait markers' for this comorbidity. High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging and voxel-based morphometric measurements were performed on 15 @entity1 at baseline and remitted status (week 6) compared to 15 healthy control subjects who were scanned twice within 6 wk. The rating scales of @entity308 and panic symptoms improved with statistical significance (corrected p<0.001). A widespread pattern of grey-matter deficits in infero-frontal, limbic, occipital, temporo-parietal, cerebellar areas (trait marker regions) in drug-naive @entity1 were observed compared to controls at baseline (family-wise error corrected p<0.0002). There were no significant changes of grey matter in healthy controls over the 6-wk period. @entity4480 -induced increases of grey matter were very subtle in left @entity550 , right fusiform gyrus, and right cerebellum VIIIa areas (state marker regions) after 6-wk therapy (uncorrected p<0.0005). @entity4480 did not increase grey matter to the level of control subjects and grey-matter deficits in @entity1 appear largely unaffected by @entity4480 . We suggest that short-term @entity4480 therapy improved the clinical symptoms of @entity1 with @entity308 combined with @entity4697 . These improvements might be related to a modest increase of grey matter in state marker regions of the brain. The deficits of trait marker regions were more evident and are likely to be important for pathogenesis.

title: A subtle grey-matter increase in first-episode, drug-naive @entity308 with XXXX after 6 weeks' @entity4480 therapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['major depressive disorder', 'depressive']

entities_list: @entity550 :: ('MESH:D000303', 'Disease') :: ['infero-frontal cortex']

entities_list: @entity4697 :: ('MESH:D016584', 'Disease') :: ['panic disorder']

entities_list: @entity4480 :: ('MESH:C058218', 'Chemical') :: ['duloxetine', 'Duloxetine']

answer: @entity4697 :: (MESH:D016584,Disease) :: ['panic disorder']


abstract: @entity99 ( @entity157 ) is restricted by the scarcity of cadaver grafts. Living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) may potentially increase the applicability but its role and limitation are not clear. We studied the outcome of a cohort of 51 @entity1 with unresectable @entity157 who were accepted on list for both options of deceased donor liver transplantation (DDLT) and LDLT. Twenty-five of 51 (49%) @entity1 had voluntary living donors (group 1) and 26 did not (group 2). @entity1 in group 1 were younger, and more often had a MELD score more than 20 or blood group other than O. Twenty-one @entity1 of group 1 underwent LDLT after a median waiting time of 24 days (range, 2-126 days), but 4 did not because the donors were not suitable (HBsAg-positive, 2; ABO-incompatible, 1; @entity409 , 1). Of the 30 @entity1 who remained on list, only 6 underwent DDLT after a median waiting time of 344 days (range, 22-1359 days, P <.005). Nineteen died before transplantation and 2 were alive but taken off the list because of disease progression (drop-out rate, 70%). One @entity1 was alive on list and 2 had undergone transplantation outside Hong Kong. The 1-, 2-, 3-, and 4-year intention-to-treat survival rates were 88%, 76%, 66%, and 66%, respectively, for group 1 and 72%, 46%, 38%, and 31%, respectively, for group 2 (relative risk of @entity204 for group 1, 0.35; 95% CI, 0.14 to 0.90; P =.029). In conclusion, although complicated factors such as donor voluntarism and selection criteria limit the role of LDLT for @entity157 , LDLT allows more @entity1 to undergo early transplantation and results in a better outcome.

title: The role and limitation of living donor liver transplantation for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['Liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma']

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']


abstract: It is widely accepted that the nociceptive state and opiate-induced nociception are regulated at least in part by @entity460 ions. Animal experiments suggest that systemically or intracerebroventricularly applied @entity460 antagonizes analgesic effects, whereas @entity460 chelating agents or @entity460 channel blockers enhance them. Recently, von Bormann et al. [3] reported a @entity3575 -saving effect in cardiovascular @entity1 who had received an intraoperative infusion of @entity3931 ; this finding was discussed as a possible synergistic analgesic interaction. Since doubts remained as to whether this interpretation was justified, the present study aimed to verify, in awake postoperative @entity1 , whether @entity3931 increased the analgesic efficacy of @entity3575 . Forty ASA I-II @entity1 (mean age 43-44 years) undergoing elective hysterectomy under standardized balanced anesthesia were investigated. In the recovery room, they were allowed to self-administer @entity3575 by means of the On-Demand Analgesia Computer (ODAC). Demand dose was 34.5 micrograms, infusion rate 4 micrograms/h, lockout time 1 min, hourly maximum dose 250 micrograms. The @entity1 were randomly and double-blindly assigned to have an additional infusion of either placebo (P) or @entity3931 (N: 15 micrograms/kg/h during the first 2 h, 30 micrograms/kg/h from the 3rd to the 12th h). @entity3575 consumption, @entity158 scores (actual and retrospective), blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, and side-effects were monitored. The mean duration of @entity1 -controlled analgesia was 16 (P) to 19 (N) h, during which time 0.64 +/- 0.46 (N) to 0.79 +/- 0.43 (P) micrograms @entity3575 /kg/h was demanded. @entity158 relief was very satisfactory in 92.5% of the @entity1 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [The clinical significance of drug interactions between opiates and @entity460 antagonists. A randomized double-blind study using @entity3575 and XXXX within the framework of postoperative intravenous on-demand analgesia].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3931 :: ('MESH:D009553', 'Chemical') :: ['nimodipine']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity3575 :: ('MESH:D005283', 'Chemical') :: ['fentanyl', 'Fentanyl']

answer: @entity3931 :: (MESH:D009553,Chemical) :: ['nimodipine']


abstract: A @entity685 postapproval efficacy study was conducted in @entity1 (n = 279) in Japan during three @entity683 seasons. Pharyngeal swab specimens (n = 714) were obtained for detailed resistance analysis. From 371 cultured viruses, 3 viruses (A/H1N1) from two subjects showed reduced susceptibility to @entity685 at day 1 (before treatment), 1 had an @entity29185 @entity535 substitution (fold shift, 46), and 2 (day 1 and day 2) had a @entity29186 @entity535 substitution (fold shifts, 292 and 301). @entity29186 was detected only in cultured virus and not in the swab. From the remaining 118 cultured viruses obtained during or after treatment with @entity685 , no shifts in virus susceptibility were detected. @entity689 (NA) population sequencing showed that viruses from 12 subjects had emergent @entity535 substitutions, but 3 with susceptibility data were not @entity685 resistant. The remainder may be natural variants. Further analysis is planned. @entity11230 (HA) sequencing showed that viruses from 20 subjects had 9 HA @entity535 substitutions that were previously implicated in resistance to @entity689 inhibitors in in vitro assays or that were close to the receptor binding site. Their role in in vivo resistance appears to be less important but is not well understood. NA clonal sequence analysis was undertaken to determine if minority species of resistant viruses were present. A total of 1,682 clones from 90 subjects were analyzed. Single clones from 12 subjects contained @entity535 substitutions close to the NA active site. It is unclear whether these single @entity535 substitutions could have been amplified after drug pressure or are just chance mutations introduced during PCR.

title: Virus susceptibility analyses from a phase IV clinical trial of inhaled XXXX treatment in @entity1 infected with @entity683 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity689 :: ('4758', 'Gene') :: ['Neuraminidase', 'neuraminidase']

entities_list: @entity685 :: ('MESH:D053243', 'Chemical') :: ['zanamivir']

entities_list: @entity29185 :: ('p|SUB|N|74|S', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['N74S']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity683 :: ('MESH:D007251', 'Disease') :: ['influenza']

entities_list: @entity11230 :: ('MESH:D006388', 'Chemical') :: ['Hemagglutinin']

answer: @entity685 :: (MESH:D053243,Chemical) :: ['zanamivir']


abstract: The changes in steady-state levels of mRNA for @entity165 side-chain cleavage cytochrome @entity29247 ( @entity7816 ) and @entity134 21-hydroxylase @entity1447 ( @entity29247 ) caused by hypophysectomy and ACTH treatment were determined in @entity35 adrenals. Hypophysectomy caused marked decreases in adrenal weight and total RNA per gland. Administration of ACTH resulted in increases in adrenal weight and total RNA. A significant correlation between the amount of RNA and adrenal weight was observed. Both @entity7816 and @entity29247 mRNAs were decreased by hypophysectomy and increased by ACTH treatment. @entity7816 mRNA decreased to 20% and @entity29247 mRNA to 76% of control values 1 day after hypophysectomy. ACTH caused a significant increase in @entity7816 mRNA after 3 h. However, a significant increase in @entity29247 mRNA was observed 12 h after administration of ACTH. These results are concordant with previous studies in vitro utilizing cultured adrenocortical cells. Moreover, the induction of steady-state levels of @entity7816 mRNA was faster than that observed by other investigators in studies in vitro. These results may indicate that integrity of the adrenal gland in vivo is important for the action of ACTH.

title: Alteration in the expression of genes for XXXX side-chain cleavage enzyme and 21-hydroxylase by hypophysectomy and ACTH administration in the @entity35 adrenal.

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity165 :: (MESH:D002784,Chemical) :: ['cholesterol']


abstract: PURPOSE: To report the 5-year outcomes using whole-breast intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) for the treatment of @entity0 at the Fox Chase @entity5 Center. METHODS AND MATERIALS: A total of 946 @entity1 with @entity0 (stage 0, I, or II) were treated with IMRT after surgery with or without systemic therapy from 2003-2010. Whole-breast radiation was delivered via an IMRT technique with a median whole-breast radiation dose of 46 Gy and median @entity5 bed boost of 14 Gy. Endpoints included local-regional recurrence, cosmesis, and late complications. RESULTS: With a median follow-up of 31 months (range, 1-97 months), there were 12 ipsilateral @entity0 recurrences (IBTR) and one locoregional recurrence. The 5-year actuarial IBTR and locoregional recurrence rates were 2.0% and 2.4%. Physician-reported cosmestic outcomes were available for 645 @entity1 : 63% were considered "excellent", 33% "good", and <1.5% "fair/poor". For physician-reported cosmesis, boost doses>= 16 Gy, breast size>900 cc, or boost volumes>34 cc were significantly associated with a "fair/poor" cosmetic outcome. @entity82 , @entity4 , @entity5105 , and telangectasia were also associated with "fair/poor" physician-reported cosmesis; @entity5105 and telangectasia remained significant on multivariate analysis. @entity1 -reported cosmesis was available for 548 @entity1 , and 33%, 50%, and 17% of @entity1 reported "excellent", "good", and "fair/poor" cosmesis, respectively. The use of a boost and increased boost volume: breast volume ratio were significantly associated with "fair/poor" outcomes. No parameter for @entity1 -reported cosmesis was significant on multivariate analysis. The chances of experiencing a treatment related effect was significantly associated with a boost dose>= 16 Gy, receipt of chemotherapy and endocrine therapy, large breast size, and electron boost energy. CONCLUSIONS: Whole-breast IMRT is associated with very low rates of local recurrence at 5 years, 83%-98% "good/excellent" cosmetic outcomes, and minimal chronic @entity137 , including late @entity82 .

title: Five-year results of whole breast intensity modulated radiation therapy for the treatment of early stage @entity0 : the Fox Chase XXXX Center experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis', 'Fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast tumor', 'early-stage breast cancer', 'early-stage-breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Cancer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Cancer']


abstract: Eleven (3%) of 340 @entity1 with @entity157 ( @entity157 ) presented with @entity3883 . The @entity5 extensively infiltrated the major bile ducts in eight @entity1 . Jaundice was relieved by endoscopic endoprosthesis in four @entity1 , nasobiliary drainage in two @entity1 , percutaneous transhepatic stenting in one @entity1 , and surgical intubation in one @entity1 . The survival interval of these eight @entity1 (mean +/- SD) was 35 +/- 20 days. Three @entity1 had @entity5 fragments in the common bile ducts. In two @entity1 , major hepatic resection was done after initial tube decomposition of the biliary system. One @entity1 remained @entity5 -free on follow-up at 24 months, and the other @entity1 had recurrent @entity5 detected on follow-up at 17 months after surgery. The @entity5 was irresectable in the third @entity1 . Multiple surgical and endoscopic procedures kept the bile duct patent for 17 months before the @entity1 died of the disease. Not all @entity1 who present with @entity3883 due to @entity157 are terminally ill. With proper management, good palliation and occasional cure are possible.

title: XXXX presenting @entity3883 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'hepatocellular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3883 :: ('MESH:D041781', 'Disease') :: ['obstructive jaundice']

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['Management of hepatocellular carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Calcification in the coronary arteries has been correlated with significant @entity850 . The predictive value of @entity730 within the carotid siphon has not been characterized; however, @entity850 in the carotid siphon is potentially important in determining management of @entity1 with ipsilateral carotid bifurcation @entity850 . The purpose of this study was to determine optimal parameters for assessing carotid siphon @entity730 on head CT scans and to compare the CT findings with angiographic results. METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of @entity1 referred for diagnostic carotid arteriography. Those @entity1 who also had undergone a head CT study at our institution were selected. The CT scans and angiograms of 64 @entity1 (128 vessels) were reviewed. Carotid siphon @entity730 on CT scans was characterized on brain and bone windows as mild, moderate, or severe. Comparison was then made with angiographic findings. RESULTS: The sensitivity and specificity of CT for depicting greater than 50% angiographic @entity850 in the carotid siphon were 86% and 98%, respectively, for bone windows and 100% and 0%, respectively, for brain windows. The positive predictive value ( @entity2286 ) for a @entity850 of greater than 50% as evidenced by severe @entity730 was 86% on bone windows and 11% on brain windows. The @entity2286 for mild and moderate @entity730 on bone windows was 2.5% and 0%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Severe CT @entity730 in the carotid siphon as characterized on bone windows correlates with a carotid siphon @entity850 of greater than 50% as determined angiographically. Therefore, the identification of severe @entity730 offers a potential noninvasive method for identifying @entity850 of the carotid siphon. This information may be essential in determining management and prognosis for @entity1 with carotid bifurcation @entity850 .

title: Angiographic correlation of CT XXXX in the carotid siphon.

entities_list: @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['calcification']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['vessel stenosis', 'stenosis']

answer: @entity730 :: (MESH:D002114,Disease) :: ['calcification']


abstract: To verify the relationship between oxidative stress and DNA methylation in the young brain, @entity5979 ( @entity318 ) was administered by gavage to male young @entity35 at doses of 0, 0.006, 0.06, 0.6, 6, and 60 mg/kg/day for a period of 4 weeks. The most conspicuous decrease in the lipid peroxidation level was observed in the 0.06 mg/kg/day group compared with controls. Microarray analysis of brain samples from the control and 0.06 mg/kg/day groups revealed that the expression of 40 genes was changed in the hypothalamus, whereas mRNA expression was unaltered in the hippocampus. This result suggests that the hypothalamus is more susceptible to low-level oxidative stress at the young period. We further examined this possibility by selecting 10 genes from the hypothalamic microarray data. RT-PCR analysis revealed that expression of 7 of these 10 genes was significantly changed in the 0.06 mg/kg/day group, compared with controls. Furthermore, RT-PCR analysis showed that mRNA expressions of @entity14923 , @entity19515 and @entity18273 in the hypothalamus were significantly lower in the 0.06 mg/kg/day group than in controls. Methylated DNA-PCR analysis in the hypothalamus revealed that 6 CpG islands were significantly hypomethylated compared with controls. Thus, we speculate that the DNA methylation machinery malfunctions under low levels of oxidative stress, thereby leading to incomplete methylation of specific gene regions. Our data indicate that a low level of oxidative stress appears to correlate positively with transcriptional down-regulation and hypomethylation, but the precise mechanisms underlying these processes are unclear.

title: Low dose effects of @entity5979 ( @entity318 ) on gene transcription and DNA methylation in the hypothalamus of young male XXXX : implication of hormesis-like effects.

entities_list: @entity5979 :: ('CHEBI:16130', 'Chemical') :: ['dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Physical interaction between organelles is a flexible event and essential for cells to adapt rapid environmental stimuli. Germinating plants utilize oil bodies and peroxisomes to mobilize storage lipids for the generation of @entity969 as main energy source. Although membrane interaction between oil bodies and peroxisomes has been widely observed, its underlying molecular mechanism is largely unknown. Here, we present genetic evidence for the control of physical interaction between oil bodies and peroxisomes. We identified alleles of @entity33871 mutant altered in oil body morphology. This mutant accumulates bigger and more oil body aggregates compared to the wild type and showed defects in lipid mobilization during germination. @entity33871 ( @entity33871 ) encodes major @entity1674 lipase in @entity958 . Interestingly, @entity33871 seedlings show enhanced physical interaction between oil bodies and peroxisomes compared to the wild type, whereas exogenous @entity969 supplementation greatly suppresses the interaction. The same phenomenon occurs in peroxisomal defective 1 ( @entity33872 ) mutant defective in lipid mobilization due to impaired peroxisomal b-oxidation, indicating that @entity969 production is a key factor for oil body-peroxisomal dissociation. @entity16440 and subsequent release from oil bodies is dependent on actin filaments. We also show that peroxisomal ABC transporter, @entity24025 , is the potential anchor protein to the membranes of these organelles. Our results provide novel components linking lipid metabolism and oil body-peroxisome interaction whereby @entity969 may act as a negative signal for physical interaction between oil bodies and peroxisomes to fine-tune lipolysis.

title: @entity969 production mediated by lipid metabolism suppresses physical interaction of peroxisomes and oil bodies during germination of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity16440 :: ('MESH:D018901', 'Disease') :: ['Peroxisomal dissociation']

entities_list: @entity958 :: ('3702', 'Species') :: ['Arabidopsis']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triacylglycerol']

entities_list: @entity969 :: ('MESH:D013395', 'Chemical') :: ['sucrose']

answer: @entity958 :: (3702,Species) :: ['Arabidopsis thaliana']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Non-adherence and non-persistence to anti- @entity1602 agents are associated with worse clinical and economic outcomes in @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 . This study evaluated treatment persistence and adherence across newer anti- @entity1602 agents ( @entity16813 , @entity16814 , @entity12350 , @entity15072 , @entity35742 , liraglutide, or exenatide). METHODS: This retrospective cohort study of Truven Health Analytics Marketscan databases included adult @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 whose first pharmacy claim for a newer anti- @entity1602 agent was between February 1, 2014 and July 31, 2014. Treatment persistence and adherence were assessed for 12 months after the first claim (post-index). Persistence was defined as no gap >= 90 days between the end of one pharmacy claim and the start of the next pharmacy claim post-index. Adherence used two definitions: proportion of days covered (PDC) and medication possession ratio (MPR). Multivariable analyses of non-persistence (hazard ratios) and adherence (odds ratios) were adjusted for baseline demographics, drug cost, clinical characteristics, and other anti- @entity1602 agents. RESULTS: A total of 11,961 @entity1 met all study selection criteria. Persistence rates at 12 months were significantly greater (p   <   0.05 for each comparison) for @entity16813 100   mg (61%) compared with @entity16814 5   mg (40%), @entity16814 10   mg (41%), @entity12350 (48%), @entity15072 (42%), @entity35742 (52%), liraglutide (47%), exenatide (23%), and long-acting exenatide (39%). The persistence rate was greater (p   <   0.05) for @entity16813 300   mg (64%) vs @entity16813 100   mg. Median adherence rates for @entity16813 100   mg (MPR   =   0.83; PDC   =   0.79) and @entity16813 300   mg (MPR   =   0.92; PDC   =   0.81) were greater than for the other index anti- @entity1602 agents (MPR   =   0.33-0.75; PDC   =   0.33-0.72). Consistent results for treatment persistence and adherence were observed in multivariable analyses that were adjusted baseline characteristics. CONCLUSIONS: @entity16813 was associated with better treatment persistence and treatment adherence compared with other anti- @entity1602 agents in real-world settings.

title: Comparative persistence and adherence with newer anti- XXXX agents to treat @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 in the United States.

entities_list: @entity16814 :: ('MESH:C529054', 'Chemical') :: ['dapagliflozin']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity15072 :: ('MESH:C502994', 'Chemical') :: ['saxagliptin']

entities_list: @entity35742 :: ('MESH:C568794', 'Chemical') :: ['linagliptin']

entities_list: @entity16813 :: ('MESH:C552334', 'Chemical') :: ['canagliflozin', 'Canagliflozin']

entities_list: @entity12350 :: ('MESH:C496398', 'Chemical') :: ['sitagliptin']

entities_list: @entity1602 :: ('MESH:D006944', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemic']

answer: @entity1602 :: (MESH:D006944,Disease) :: ['hyperglycemic']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Concern regarding the effect of epithelial damage to the colorectal surface and possible impact on sexually transmitted infection transmission prompts the need for methods to evaluate the mucosal microscopic surface in preclinical studies examining such injury. This includes determining the effect of topical @entity16090 prevention products on mucosal barrier integrity. In vivo imaging with high-resolution endomicroscopy could reveal defects in the mucosal barrier resulting from injury/surface @entity130 . METHODS: Confocal endomicroscopy was investigated to assess the ability to image surface injury resulting from topical application of a chemical used in lubricants and microbial products. @entity19 treated with a 50  L rectal dose of 0.2% @entity3676 solution, 1% @entity3676 or @entity4613 -buffered saline control for 20 min were imaged in vivo using confocal endomicroscopy for assessment of epithelial disruption. Following imaging, @entity19 were sacrificed and rectal tissue evaluated by histology. Confocal images were graded based on degree of disruption to crypt and epithelial microstructure. Histology was graded based on percent of epithelial disruption observed in stained sections. Confocal image features were confirmed by high-resolution two-photon microscopy. RESULTS: Based on quantitative grading of in vivo confocal endomicroscopy images, disruption at the microscopic scale was observed following treatment with @entity3676 , with @entity130 occurring with higher dose. Epithelial disruption at the lumen surface, evident between crypts and alteration in crypt structure on the luminal side were observed in confocal endomicroscopy and confirmed by histology. CONCLUSIONS: High-resolution imaging by confocal endomicroscopy can be used as a noninvasive tool for rapid visual assessment of rectal epithelial integrity following surface injury, potentially providing valuable indication of @entity130 or @entity130 .

title: Topical injury evaluation of the XXXX colorectal mucosa using confocal endomicrosopy: a valuable method for assessing mucosal injuries associated with risk of pathogen transmission.

entities_list: @entity3676 :: ('MESH:D001548', 'Chemical') :: ['benzalkonium chloride']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['increased injury', 'epithelial injury', 'trauma']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['murine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Intra-amniotic @entity32 ( @entity32 ) are important causes of @entity600 and early-onset @entity295 (EONS). A prompt and accurate diagnosis of EONS is critical for improved neonatal outcomes. We sought to explore the cord blood proteome and identify biomarkers and functional protein networks characterizing EONS in preterm newborns. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We studied a prospective cohort of 180 premature newborns delivered May 2004-September 2009. A proteomics discovery phase employing two-dimensional differential gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) and mass spectrometry identified 19 differentially-expressed proteins in cord blood of newborns with culture-confirmed EONS (n=3) versus GA-matched controls (n=3). Ontological classifications of the proteins included transfer/carrier, immunity/defense, protease/extracellular matrix. The 1(st)-level external validation conducted in the remaining 174 samples confirmed elevated @entity2104 and @entity2104 -related protein immunoreactivity (Hp_HpRP) in newborns with EONS (presumed and culture-confirmed) independent of GA at birth and birthweight (P<0.001). Western blot concurred in determining that EONS babies had conspicuous Hp_HpRP bands in cord blood ("switch-on pattern") as opposed to non-EONS newborns who had near-absent "switch-off pattern" (P<0.001). Fetal Hp phenotype independently impacted Hp_HpRP. A bayesian latent-class analysis (LCA) was further used for unbiased classification of all 180 cases based on probability of "antenatal @entity32 exposure" as latent variable. This was then subjected to 2(nd)-level validation against indicators of adverse short-term neonatal outcome. The optimal LCA algorithm combined Hp_HpRP switch pattern (most input), @entity650 and neonatal hematological indices yielding two non-overlapping newborn clusters with low ( <=20%) versus high (>= 70%) probability of @entity32 exposure. This approach reclassified    30% of clinical EONS diagnoses lowering the number needed to harm and increasing the odds ratios for several adverse outcomes including @entity548 . CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Antenatal exposure to @entity32 results in precocious switch-on of Hp_HpRP expression. As EONS biomarker, cord blood Hp_HpRP has potential to improve the selection of newborns for prompt and targeted treatment at birth.

title: Proteomics mapping of cord blood identifies XXXX "switch-on" pattern as biomarker of early-onset @entity295 in preterm newborns.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['IAI', 'infection and/or inflammation']

entities_list: @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['neonatal sepsis']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['intra-ventricular hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['preterm birth']

answer: @entity2104 :: (3240,Gene) :: ['haptoglobin']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To analyse the use of @entity4373 ( @entity4373 ) in @entity1 with @entity627 , treated at a paediatric rheumatology centre in Italy. METHODS: Parents of @entity1 with different kinds of chronic @entity627 anonymously completed a questionnaire about their @entity1 's past or current use of @entity4373 . Two groups of @entity1 were analysed: Group A consisted of @entity1 who were still attending the centre; Group B consisted of @entity1 who had not attended the clinic for more than one year. RESULTS: 150 completed surveys were analysed: 22 paediatric @entity1 (14.7%), 10/100 in group A and 12/50 in group B, used @entity4373 to treat their diseases. The therapies used the most were homeopathy, herbal remedies, vitamins and minerals. We observed a significantly greater use of @entity4373 among @entity1 who had not attended the clinic for more than one year (24%) as compared to those who were regularly checked (10%) (p=0.02). Parents' use of @entity4373 was significantly related to its use for their @entity1 (p=0.001). A poor outcome, probably related to the exclusive use of alternative treatments, was observed in three out of six @entity1 who had completely stopped using traditional immunosuppressive drugs. CONCLUSIONS: Physicians should be aware of the use of @entity4373 particularly in @entity1 who skip their regular check-ups. The use of @entity4373 to treat childhood rheumatic conditions in Italy seems to be less frequent than in North America.

title: @entity4373 ( XXXX ) in paediatric rheumatology: a European perspective.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4373 :: ('MESH:C536589', 'Disease') :: ['complementary and alternative medicine', 'CAM']

entities_list: @entity627 :: ('MESH:D012216', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatic diseases']

answer: @entity4373 :: (MESH:C536589,Disease) :: ['CAM']


abstract: The enteric bacterium @entity2491 utilizes @entity2771 as a sole @entity505 and energy source during aerobic growth, but only when the cells are also provided with cobalamin as a nutritional supplement. This metabolism is mediated by the @entity2186 -dependent @entity33778 dehydratase enzyme pathway. Thirty-three insertion mutants were isolated that lacked the ability to utilize @entity33778 , but retained the ability to degrade @entity4919 . This phenotype is consistent with specific blocks in one or more steps of the @entity33778 dehydratase pathway. Enzyme assays confirmed that @entity33778 dehydratase activity was absent in some of the mutants. Thus, the affected genes were designated pdu (for defects in @entity33778 utilization). Seventeen mutants carried pdu::lac operon fusions, and these fusions were induced by @entity33778 in the culture medium. All of the pdu mutations were located in a single region (41 map units) on the @entity2491 chromosome between the his ( @entity3793 biosynthesis) and branch I cob (cobalamin biosynthesis) operons. They were shown to be P22-cotransducible with a branch I cob marker at a mean frequency of 12%. Mutants that carried deletions of the genetic material between his and cob also failed to utilize @entity33778 as a sole @entity505 source. Based upon the formation of duplications and deletions between different pairs of his::MudA and pdu::MudA insertions, the pdu genes were transcribed in a clockwise direction relative to the @entity2491 genetic map.

title: @entity2186 -dependent XXXX utilization by @entity2491 .

entities_list: @entity2491 :: ('90371', 'Species') :: ['S. typhimurium', 'Salmonella typhimurium']

entities_list: @entity4919 :: ('CHEBI:17272', 'Chemical') :: ['propionate']

entities_list: @entity3793 :: ('CHEBI:27570', 'Chemical') :: ['histidine']

entities_list: @entity2186 :: ('MESH:D014805', 'Chemical') :: ['cobalamin']

entities_list: @entity33778 :: ('CHEBI:26288', 'Chemical') :: ['propanediol']

answer: @entity2771 :: (MESH:D019946,Chemical) :: ['1,2-propanediol']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess, by scintillography, the effect of using bilateral internal thoracic arteries (BITAs) - prepared by two different techniques - on the sternal perfusion. METHODS: 35 @entity1 undergone coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) were divided into two groups: Group A (18) had both ITA's dissected using skeletonization technique and group B (17) as pedicle preparation. There was no difference in the two groups relating gender, age and demographic characteristics. On the 7th postoperative day the @entity1 underwent bone scintillography. The statistical analysis was performed using the Student's t test with 95% significance. RESULTS: Group A (skeletonized ITA) showed higher perfusion (11.5%) of the sternum as a mean, than Group B (pedicled ITA) @entity1 ; however this was not statistically significant (P = 0.127). On the other hand, comparing the @entity6 population, seven in each group, there was a marked 47.4% higher perfusion of the sternum in Group A @entity1 (skeletonized ITA) comparing to Group B (pedicled ITA) and this difference reached statistical significance (P = 0.004). CONCLUSION: 1- Sternal perfusion is not affected significantly apart from the dissection technique used for both internal thoracic arteries in the general population when assessed by bone scintillography. 2 - In the @entity6 subgroup, a significant preservation of the sternal perfusion was observed in @entity1 undergone skeletonized dissection of the internal thoracic arteries. Although these findings should be confirmed in a greater number of cases, @entity6 @entity1 should have the internal thoracic arteries dissected using skeletonization techinque.

title: Should the XXXX have the internal thoracic artery skeletonized? Assessment of sternal perfusion by scintillography.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetics']


abstract: The coloured population of the Cape Peninsula has been identified as having a high prevalence of risk factors for @entity301 ( @entity301 ), notably @entity101 , cigarette smoking and hypercholesterolaemia. The need for an appropriate and effective @entity301 intervention programme, directed at the population as a whole, has become urgent. Three central problem areas relating to @entity101 control--diagnosis, management and compliance--will have to be addressed. @entity101 was underdiagnosed among @entity1 , particularly those aged 25-44 years. Apart from educating this group regarding the need to have their blood pressure measured, detection programmes are therefore needed at the workplace to improve @entity101 diagnosis. Inadequate management of @entity101 was commonest in @entity1 aged over 45 years. Compliance with @entity101 treatment regimens was poor in all @entity1 as well as in both sexes belonging to the lower socio-economic strata. Establishing easily accessible blood pressure stations for monitoring blood pressure and educating @entity101 regarding their condition could lead to improved management and compliance. Coloureds were found to smoke heavily, and the @entity1 had the highest smoking prevalence of all South African @entity1 . Furthermore, the age of onset of smoking is decreasing among coloured @entity1 . A general anti-smoking campaign directed at all South Africans is necessary to control smoking. Anti-smoking education programmes at primary school level are of particular importance to prevent the onset of the habit. More than 70% of coloureds had a serum @entity165 level imparting @entity301 risk, few followed a prudent diet and their knowledge of the prudent diet was poor. Health education programmes to promote the prudent diet are required.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Requirements of a XXXX risk factor intervention programme for the coloured population of the Cape Peninsula.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'children', 'men']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensives', 'Hypertension', 'hypertension']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['CHD', 'coronary heart disease']

answer: @entity301 :: (MESH:D003327,Disease) :: ['coronary heart disease']


abstract: The present study examined the effects of elastase-induced @entity2415 on the structure of the external oblique and transverse abdominis muscles and a non-respiratory muscle, the extensor digitorum longus. Muscle structure was assessed from the cross-sectional area (CSA) and percent of individual fiber types in histochemically stained sections and from the number of sarcomeres arranged in series along the length of individual fibers. Data were obtained in eight hamsters with @entity2415 and nine saline-injected controls. In the normal (control) animals the external oblique was thicker but contained fewer sarcomeres than the transverse abdominis. Fiber size was similar in the two muscles. In the transverse abdominis the percents of fast-glycolytic and fast-oxidative fibers were greater and smaller, respectively, than in the external oblique. Lung volume of @entity13404 hamsters was 168% of control values (P less than 0.001). In @entity13404 compared with control animals, the CSA of fast-twitch fibers in the external oblique and transverse abdominis was significantly reduced. Fiber length and sarcomere number were significantly decreased in the transverse abdominis but not in the external oblique in @entity13404 hamsters. In contrast, fiber size and composition of the extensor digitorum longus was similar in @entity13404 and control animals. These data indicate that cellular responses of the ventilatory muscles to chronic hyperinflation and altered thoracic geometry induced by @entity2415 are not present in limb skeletal muscle. We speculate that changes in fiber length and CSA of fast fibers in the abdominal expiratory muscles reflect responses to chronic alterations in the mechanics of breathing that may affect muscle load, length, or the pattern of activity.

title: Structure of abdominal muscles in the hamster: effect of elastase-induced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity13404 :: ('MESH:D041882', 'Disease') :: ['emphysematous']

entities_list: @entity2415 :: ('MESH:D004646', 'Disease') :: ['emphysema']

answer: @entity2415 :: (MESH:D004646,Disease) :: ['emphysema']


abstract: An @entity536 of @entity4021 virus (FMDV) of the A24 Cruzeiro subtype grew less well than wild-type virus in primary @entity291 fetal kidney (PBK) cells resulting in a 4-log lowered efficiency of plaque formation. Both wild-type and attenuated virus grew equally well in baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells and in suckling @entity19 . Using PBK cells, virus-specific RNA of the wild-type accumulated up to 6 hours after @entity281 . In contrast, PBK cells infected with the @entity536 made less than 20 per cent of the RNA synthesized by wild-type virus. Infection of the cell with wild-type virus followed by superinfection with attenuated virus led to almost complete inhibition of viral RNA synthesis, an effect which is dependent on the concentration of input attenuated virus. Three subsequent undiluted successive passages of the attenuated virus resulted in a preparation which no longer interfered with wild-type RNA synthesis and which induced more of its own viral RNA synthesis in PBK cells. The basis of this interference was considered. Interference occurred intracellularly and was directed only against viruses within the genus @entity27105 role for interferon was ruled out. Attempts to demonstrate the physical presence of defective interfering (DI) particles of FMDV in the @entity536 failed; but, cyclic patterns of infectivity were produced during successive undiluted passages.

title: Homologous interference by a XXXX virus strain attenuated for @entity291 .

entities_list: @entity4021 :: ('MESH:D005536', 'Disease') :: ['foot-and-mouth disease']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity536 :: ('MESH:C538265', 'Disease') :: ['attenuated strain']

answer: @entity4021 :: (MESH:D005536,Disease) :: ['foot-and-mouth disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Computed tomography (CT) @entity2 screening offers a unique clinical setting in which to promote smoking cessation. Focusing on outcomes related to the reporting of @entity854 , we examined the natural history of smoking in the Pittsburgh Lung Screening Study. METHODS: Pittsburgh Lung Screening Study recruited 50- to 79-year-old current and former cigarette smokers living in the Pittsburgh area. We examined self-reported smoking outcomes 1 year after study entry in a subgroup that contained 2,094 active cigarette smokers without interval @entity2 diagnosis (50.7% @entity1 ; median age, 57 years; 40-year median duration of cigarette smoking; and 65.2% > or =20 cigarettes/d). Analyses compared efforts to quit in relation to physician referral for abnormal CT. RESULTS: Since study entry, 58.5% [95% confidence interval (95% CI), 56.3-60.6%] reported any quit attempt and 27.2% (95% CI, 25.3-29.1%) reported any quit interval >30 days. One year after study entry, 15.5% (95% CI, 14.0-17.1%) reported not smoking for >30 days. Comparing @entity1 referred because of @entity854 creating moderate or high @entity2 suspicion (n = 156; 7.4%) to @entity1 not referred for any reason (n = 1145; 54.7%), propensity score-adjusted fractions with any quit attempt and with any quit interval >30 days increased 18.8% (95% CI, 11.1-26.5%) and 17.7% (95% CI, 9.4-26.0%), respectively. The fraction quit >30 days at 1 year increased 12.2% (95% CI, 4.9-19.5%). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 who experienced referral because of abnormal CT reported more smoking cessation.

title: Smoking behavior 1 year after computed tomography screening for XXXX : Effect of physician referral for abnormal CT findings.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Persons', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['CT abnormality', 'CT abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['lung cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: As endovascular treatment becomes more prevalent, @entity439 recurrence from neck remnants, recanalization, incomplete obliteration and bleeding remain major concerns. In the current analysis, we attempted to identify factors related to disease progression and clinical outcome in @entity1 treated with coil embolization. METHODS: This study included 58 @entity1 who underwent endovascular coil embolization for treatment of @entity438 . The result of embolization was evaluated with three-dimensional time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography ( @entity215 MRA) and classified as a complete occlusion, a residual neck (minor, central and marginal types), a residual dome (central and marginal types). @entity1 were followed up clinically and radiologically. Statistical analyses were performed to establish factors that influenced the occurrence of adverse events such as recurrence of @entity439 . RESULTS: Overall, the complete occlusion rate was 18.8%, the occurrence of a residual neck was 67.2%, and the residual dome rate was 14.1%. The mean clinical follow-up was 31.2 months. Recurrences were found in 18 @entity439 , and major recurrences were retreated with coiling or surgery. The post-treatment study revealed that the marginal-type @entity439 has a significant impact on outcome. Thus, perianeurysmal @entity4 was correlated with recurrence of the @entity439 . CONCLUSIONS: Three-dimensional @entity215 MRA was a sensitive tool for visualizing residual filling of embolized @entity439 and is useful for long-term follow-up of @entity1 .

title: Long-term follow-up of endovascular coil embolization for XXXX using three-dimensional time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms', 'aneurysm filling', 'aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial aneurysm']

answer: @entity438 :: (MESH:D002532,Disease) :: ['cerebral aneurysms']


abstract: PURPOSE: To assess the safety, maximum-tolerated dose (MTD), and dose-limiting @entity137 (DLT), of @entity32735 ( @entity32736 ), given in combination with @entity632 , in @entity1 with advanced solid @entity5 . STUDY DESIGN: The combination of @entity32736 and @entity632 was administered every 28 days (cycle 1) and then every 21 days (subsequent cycles). The dose of @entity32736 , given daily for 3 days, was escalated from 1.0 mg/kg/d to 3.3 mg/kg/d, while the dose of @entity632 was held at 30 mg/m  . RESULTS: Fifteen @entity1 received 37 cycles of treatment, for a median of 2 cycles per @entity1 (range 0-6 cycles). Three @entity1 (20%) completed 6 cycles of therapy. The MTD was identified as @entity32736 , 2 mg/kg/day and @entity632 , 30 mg/m  . Dose limiting @entity137 included grade 3 @entity101 , @entity55 , @entity2259 , and elevated GGT. Serious adverse events also included @entity1151 and @entity293 requiring hospitalization. There was no exacerbation of @entity1370 . No @entity1 attained a response to treatment. Six @entity1 (54%) had stable disease. The median time to disease progression, or to last assessment, was 49 days (range 8-195 days). CONCLUSIONS: The combination of @entity32736 and @entity632 was fairly well tolerated. However, due to emerging preclinical data suggesting that @entity32736 inhibits @entity2151 reductase, further development of the combination of @entity32736 plus @entity632 is not recommended.

title: Phase I trial of @entity32735 and @entity632 in the treatment of advanced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity32735 :: ('MESH:C437683', 'Chemical') :: ['motexafin gadolinium']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary embolism']

entities_list: @entity1370 :: ('MESH:D066126', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac toxicity']

entities_list: @entity2259 :: ('MESH:D016470', 'Disease') :: ['bacteremia']

entities_list: @entity293 :: ('MESH:D014552', 'Disease') :: ['urinary tract infection']

entities_list: @entity2151 :: ('CHEBI:26561', 'Chemical') :: ['ribonucleotide']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['malignancies']


abstract: In this report, we describe the clinical results of @entity15726 use in a @entity1 with a serious form of @entity1459 . For this @entity1 , it was proposed that no other therapeutic, pharmacologic or surgical, option was available. The @entity1 is a 75-year-old @entity1 who presented with repeated episodes of @entity662 . She notably had a history of @entity6 treated by @entity2690 for several years and complicated by @entity6 . ECG tracings recorded during these episodes showed abnormalities of the lateral repolarization phase of ischaemic nature. There was no measured increase in cardiac enzymes. She was transferred to our CCU with a diagnosis of @entity1459 . In our CCU, the @entity1 was treated with @entity3362 , @entity1406 , @entity117 , @entity1397 and @entity2993 at maximal sustainable doses. Following persistent clinical-instrumental instability, she was subjected to coronary angiography. This study revealed @entity453 not amenable to surgery or angioplasty revascularization. In addition to the therapy already provided, a beta-blocker ( @entity1406 50 mgx2/die) and @entity3988 (30 mgx2/die) were added despite their potentially dangerous and adverse chronotropic effects. Despite this treatment, the @entity1 heart rate remained high (between 80 and 100 beats/min). This heart rate appeared to be the main driving cause of her anginal symptoms. At this point, the use of @entity15726 seemed the only option, even though use would be off-label compared to current indications for the drugs use. We started with a low dose of 2.5 mg/b.i.d. and titrated up to 5 mg b.i.d. As we titrated, we witnessed a gradual reduction in heart rate. A consequent stabilization of her clinical pattern progressed into an almost unexpected asymptomatic state. After about a week of clinical observation, the @entity1 recovered. After three months, she remains asymptomatic.

title: XXXX use in refractory @entity1459 : a case report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['retrosternal chest pain']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['type II diabetes mellitus', 'diabetic macro-angiopathy']

entities_list: @entity3362 :: ('MESH:D009566', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrates']

entities_list: @entity1397 :: ('MESH:C055162', 'Chemical') :: ['clopidogrel']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity2993 :: ('MESH:C065179', 'Chemical') :: ['atorvastatin']

entities_list: @entity3988 :: ('MESH:D004110', 'Chemical') :: ['diltiazem']

entities_list: @entity1459 :: ('MESH:D000789', 'Disease') :: ['unstable angina']

entities_list: @entity1406 :: ('MESH:D008790', 'Chemical') :: ['metoprolol']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['severe multi-vessel coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity15726 :: ('MESH:C088408', 'Chemical') :: ['ivabradine']

answer: @entity15726 :: (MESH:C088408,Chemical) :: ['Ivabradine']


abstract: PURPOSE: To report the early outcomes for @entity1 with high-risk @entity521 treated with proton radiotherapy (RT) and to compare the dose distributions for intensity-modulated photon RT (IMRT), three-dimensional conformal proton RT (3D-CPT), and intensity-modulated proton RT to the @entity86 bed. METHODS AND MATERIALS: All @entity1 with high-risk (International @entity521 Staging System Stage III or IV) @entity521 treated between 2005 and 2010 at our institution were included. All @entity1 received induction chemotherapy, surgical resection of @entity66 , high-dose chemotherapy with stem cell rescue, and adjuvant 3D-CPT to the @entity5 sites. The @entity1 were followed with clinical examinations, imaging, and laboratory testing every 6 months to monitor disease control and side effects. IMRT, 3D-CPT, and intensity-modulated proton RT plans were generated and compared for a representative case of adjuvant RT to the @entity5 bed followed by a boost. RESULTS: Nine @entity1 were treated with 3D-CPT. The median age at diagnosis was 2 years (range 10 months to 4 years), and all @entity1 had Stage IV disease. All @entity1 had unfavorable histologic characteristics (poorly differentiated histologic features in 8, @entity4180 amplification in 6, and 1p/11q chromosomal abnormalities in 4). The median @entity5 size at diagnosis was 11.4 cm (range 7-16) in maximal dimension. At a median follow-up of 38 months (range 11-70), there were no local failures. Four @entity1 developed distant failure, and, of these, two died of disease. Acute side effects included Grade 1 skin erythema in 5 @entity1 and Grade 2 @entity448 in 2 @entity1 . Although comparable target coverage was achieved with all three modalities, proton therapy achieved substantial normal tissue sparing compared with IMRT. Intensity-modulated proton RT allowed additional sparing of the kidneys, lungs, and heart. CONCLUSIONS: Preliminary outcomes reveal excellent local control with proton therapy for high-risk @entity521 , although distant failures continu to occur. Dosimetric comparisons demonstrate the advantage of proton RT compared with IMRT in this setting, allowing more conformal treatment and better normal tissue sparing.

title: Proton radiotherapy for high-risk pediatric XXXX : early outcomes and dose comparison.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['residual disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'primary tumor']

entities_list: @entity448 :: ('MESH:D000855', 'Disease') :: ['anorexia']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative tumor']

entities_list: @entity521 :: ('MESH:D009447', 'Disease') :: ['neuroblastoma', 'Neuroblastoma']

answer: @entity521 :: (MESH:D009447,Disease) :: ['neuroblastoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Hypoglycaemia in @entity1577 in the absence of @entity6 or @entity413 lowering therapies is a phenomenon that is receiving growing attention in the literature. These episodes are sometimes symptomatic and likely have variable aetiologies. Our first aim was to conduct a systematic review of the literature to determine what is known about hypoglycaemia in @entity1577 . Our second aim was to assess evidence based guidelines for management strategies. METHODS: A comprehensive search of databases and guideline compiler entities was performed. Inclusion criteria were primary research articles and evidence based guidelines that referred to hypoglycaemia in @entity1577 in the absence of insulin treatment or other @entity413 lowering therapies. RESULTS: A total of 11 studies (four manuscripts and seven abstracts) and five evidence-based guidelines met the inclusion criteria. Prevalence rates of hypoglycaemia unrelated to @entity6 varied between studies (7-69%). Hypoglycaemia was diagnosed during oral @entity413 tolerance testing or continuous @entity413 monitoring (CGM). Associations between hypoglycaemia and clinical parameters of BMI, lung function, @entity409 and @entity3210 were measured in some studies. There was no unifying definition of hypoglycaemia in the absence of @entity6 . Only two evidence based guidelines reported possible management strategies. CONCLUSION: The systematic review found limited data on this clinical problem and supports the need for high quality methodological studies that are able to describe the experience and the aetiology(ies) of hypoglycaemia in @entity1577 .

title: Hypoglycaemia in XXXX in the absence of @entity6 : A systematic review.

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver disease']

entities_list: @entity3210 :: ('MESH:D010188', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity1577 :: (MESH:D003550,Disease) :: ['cystic fibrosis']


abstract: @entity3957 ( @entity3958 ) has been recently found to be an endogenous signaling gasotransmitter. @entity1283 often develops in the course of @entity712 . It is unknown whether or not endogenous @entity3958 protects @entity1283 . This study was conducted to examine the effects of @entity3958 on @entity1283 and @entity82 induced by @entity1498 and to explore its mechanisms. Male @entity35 were randomly divided into five groups: normal, sham, @entity1498 ( @entity1498 ), @entity1498 treated with enalapril and @entity1498 treated with @entity3958 . One week after surgery, @entity4688 and @entity8835 ( @entity8835 )-treated @entity35 were fed for 28 consecutive days and sacrificed. After that, the left ventricle mass index (LVMI), cardiomyocyte size and areas, collagen volume fraction (CVF) of the @entity35 were measured. In the @entity1498 @entity35 , the LVMI, the cardiomyocyte size and areas, and the CVF were all markedly increased while in the @entity3958 groups they were significantly reduced. @entity3958 decreased the levels of @entity1808 in the heart, but not in plasma. In addition, @entity3958 also improved the expression of @entity10277 ( @entity10277 ). Our results suggest that @entity3958 can significantly suppress @entity1283 and @entity82 induced by overloaded pressure, possibly by inhibiting the activity of intracardiac @entity1808 and by modifying expression of @entity10277 .

title: @entity3957 attenuates @entity1283 and @entity82 induced by XXXX in @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity4688 :: ('MESH:D004656', 'Chemical') :: ['enalapril']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity1283 :: ('MESH:D006332', 'Disease') :: ['Cardiac hypertrophy', 'cardiac hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity8835 :: ('MESH:C025451', 'Chemical') :: ['NaHS', 'sodium hydrosulfide']

entities_list: @entity1498 :: ('MESH:D001017', 'Disease') :: ['AAC', 'abdominal aortic coarctation']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague-Dawley rats', 'rats']

entities_list: @entity3957 :: ('MESH:D006862', 'Chemical') :: ['Hydrogen sulfide']

answer: @entity1498 :: (MESH:D001017,Disease) :: ['abdominal aortic coarctation']


abstract: We aimed to investigate sperm retrieval rates (SRR) by testicular sperm extraction (TESE), factors affecting SRR, and fertilization rate (FR), implantation rate (IR), clinical pregnancy rate (CPR) and live birth rate (LBR) in @entity1 with presumed @entity3453 ( @entity3453 ). We retrospectively evaluated files of 134 @entity1 with @entity3453 who underwent TESE. Group I were @entity1 in whom spermatozoa were retrieved and Group II were @entity1 in whom no spermatozoa could be retrieved. SRR, Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), Luteinizing hormone (LH), and @entity251 levels, and the volume of testicles were compared between groups. In addition, FR, IR, CPR and LBR were determined. Sperm retrieval was achieved in 37 (27.6%) @entity1 (Group I), and the remaining 97 (72.4%) @entity1 made Group II. There were no significant differences in age, infertility time, testicular volume, serum FSH, LH and @entity251 levels between Groups I and II (p  >  0.05). Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) was performed in 36 @entity1 . FR, IR, and CPR were 60.86      23.03, 36.53      41.78 and 51.3% respectively. Cycle and @entity1 based LBRs were 37.8 and 45.1% respectively. SRR in @entity3453 is lower than @entity1 with @entity3893 ( @entity3893 ) in general. No parameters to predict spermatozoa retrieval were determined. In @entity1 with @entity3453 , ICSI achieves similar live birth rate to other @entity1 with @entity3893 .

title: Sperm retrieval and live birth rates in presumed XXXX : a single centre experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity3453 :: ('MESH:D054331', 'Disease') :: ['Sertoli-cell-only syndrome in testis biopsy', 'SCOS']

entities_list: @entity3893 :: ('MESH:D053713', 'Disease') :: ['non-obstructive azoospermia', 'NOA']

answer: @entity3453 :: (MESH:D054331,Disease) :: ['Sertoli-cell-only syndrome in testis biopsy']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare microendoscopic discectomy (MED) with @entity1538 ( @entity1538 ) for @entity2649 in terms of clinical outcomes, and provide experience and therapeutic evidence for clinical application. METHODS: From May 2002 to October 2007, 215 @entity1 with @entity2649 were randomized into two groups, and underwent either MED or @entity1538 . In group A, 105 @entity1 underwent MED, including 56 males and 49 females aged 34 to 83 years old (average 45 years old); the duration of the disease ranged from 9 months to 26 years (average 50 months); the spinal stenosis involved one segment in 76 cases, two segments in 27 cases, and three segments in 2 cases. In group B, 110 @entity1 received @entity1538 , including 57 males and 53 females aged 35 to 85 years old (average 47 years old); the duration of the disease ranged from 8 months to 25 years (average 48 months); the spinal stenosis involved one segment in 78 cases, two segments in 29 cases, and three segments in 3 cases. No significant difference was evident between two groups in terms of the general information (P > 0.05). RESULTS: Operation was successfully performed in all cases. Volume ofintraoperative @entity190 was (82.14 +/- 6.18) mL in group A and (149.24 +/- 11.17) mL in group B. Length of hospital stay was (7.0 +/- 2.1) days in group A and (12.0 +/- 2.6) days in group B. Significant difference was noted between two groups in terms of the above parameters (P < 0.01). All the wounds healed by first intention. The @entity1 were followed up for 13-54 months (average 27 months) in group A and 12-55 months (average 29 months) in group B. Four @entity1 in each group suffered from spinal dural rupture during operation and recovered after corresponding treatment. Three @entity1 in group B had lumbar instability 3 years after operation and recovered using lumbar interbody fusion combined with general spine system internal fixation. No such complications as wrong orientation, nerve @entity130 , @entity1971 and @entity281 occurred in each group, and radiology exam showed no relapse. Therapeutic effect was evaluated by Nakai standard, 52 cases in group A were graded as excellent, 45 as good, 7 as fair, 1 as poor, and the excellent and good rate was 92.4%; 53 cases in group B were graded as excellent, 48 as good, 8 as fair, 1 as poor, and the excellent and good rate was 91.8%; there was no significant difference between two groups (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Two methods have the similar therapeutic effect, but MED eliminates the shortcomings of traditional @entity1538 , so it is one of ideal minimally invasive operative approaches for @entity2649 .

title: [Comparison of microendoscopic discectomy with XXXX for @entity2649 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1538 :: ('MESH:D005902', 'Disease') :: ['OD', 'open discectomy']

entities_list: @entity2649 :: ('MESH:C563613', 'Disease') :: ['degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis', 'lumbar spinal stenosis']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity1971 :: ('MESH:D011128', 'Disease') :: ['cauda equina injury']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['root injury']

answer: @entity1538 :: (MESH:D005902,Disease) :: ['open discectomy']


abstract: Chronic @entity158 (CWP) including @entity239 ( @entity239 ) has a high prevalence and is associated with prominent negative consequences. CWP/ @entity239 exhibits morphological and functional alterations in the central nervous system. The importance of peripheral factors for maintaining the central alterations are under debate. In this study, the proteins from biopsies of the trapezius muscle from 18 female CWP/ @entity239 @entity1 and 19 healthy female controls were analyzed. @entity158 intensity and pressure @entity158 thresholds (PPT) over the trapezius muscles were registered. Twelve proteins representing five different groups of proteins were important regressors of @entity158 intensity in CWP/ @entity239 (R (2)=0.99; P<0.001). In the regression of PPT in CWP/ @entity239 , it was found that 16 proteins representing six groups of proteins were significant regressors (R (2)=0.95, P<0.05). Many of the important proteins were stress and @entity32 proteins, enzymes involved in metabolic pathways, and proteins associated with @entity121 , @entity121 , and muscle recovery. The altered expression of these proteins may reflect both direct and indirect nociceptive/inflammatory processes as well as secondary changes. The relative importance of the identified proteins and central alterations in CWP need to be investigated in future research. Data from this and the previous study concerning the same cohorts give support to the suggestion that peripheral factors are of importance for maintaining @entity158 aspects in CWP/ @entity239 .

title: Specific proteins of the trapezius muscle correlate with @entity158 intensity and sensitivity - an explorative multivariate proteomic study of the trapezius muscle in XXXX with chronic @entity158 .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity239 :: ('MESH:D005356', 'Disease') :: ['fibromyalgia syndrome', 'FMS']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['Pain', 'pain', 'widespread pain']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['myopathies', 'muscle damage']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity27 ( @entity27 ) increases susceptibility to @entity955 ( @entity955 ) by a combined sympatho-vagal hyperactivation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of autonomic nervous system modulation by low-level baroreceptor stimulation (LL- @entity4375 ) compared to high-level @entity4375 (HL- @entity4375 ) on atrial arrhythmogenic changes in a @entity1707 model of @entity27 . METHODS AND RESULTS: Sixteen @entity1707 received tracheotomy under general @entity4774 / @entity4486 anesthesia. Group 1 @entity1707 (n = 8) received LL- @entity4375 (at 80% of that slowing sinus rate) for 3 hours and group 2 @entity1707 (n = 8) received HL- @entity4375 (slowing sinus rate). Changes in atrial effective refractory period (AERP) and @entity955 -inducibility were determined during applied negative thoracic pressure (NTP) for 2 minutes before and at the end of the 3-hour stimulation protocol. Group 1: LL- @entity4375 prolonged AERP from 150  5 ms to 172  19 ms (p<0.001). After 3 hours of LL- @entity4375 , NTP-induced AERP-shortening was diminished from -51  10 ms (-34 %) to -22  4 ms (-13 %) (p<0.01). @entity955 -inducibility during NTP maneuvers decreased from 90% at baseline to 15% (p<0.01). Group 2: HL- @entity4375 shortened AERP from 150  17 ms to 132  8 ms (p = 0.024). After 3 hours of HL- @entity4375 , NTP-induced AERP-shortening was increased from -55  7 ms (-36 %) to -72  11 ms (-54 %) (p<0.05) and @entity955 -inducibility was not affected. NTP-induced changes in blood gases and blood pressure were not different between the groups. CONCLUSION: LL- @entity4375 suppressed NTP-induced AERP-shortening and @entity955 -inducibility. By contrast HL- @entity4375 further perpetuated NTP-induced AERP-shortening and increased @entity955 -inducibility. These findings support only the use of LL- @entity4375 as a novel therapeutic modality to treat @entity955 in @entity27 . This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Low-level but Not High-Level Baroreceptor Stimulation Inhibits XXXX in a @entity1707 Model of Sleep Apnea.

entities_list: @entity4486 :: ('MESH:D002698', 'Chemical') :: ['chloralose']

entities_list: @entity4774 :: ('MESH:D014520', 'Chemical') :: ['urethane']

entities_list: @entity27 :: ('MESH:D020181', 'Disease') :: ['Obstructive sleep apnea', 'OSA']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation', 'AF']

answer: @entity955 :: (MESH:D001281,Disease) :: ['Atrial Fibrillation']


abstract: We present a comparison of two sensitive methods, HPLC with fluorescence detector (HPLC/FLD) and UPLC with electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC/ @entity15 / @entity15 ), for the determination of @entity3035 neurotransmitters (NTs) and their metabolites in @entity26962 plasma samples. Liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) and solid-phase extraction (SPE) were also tested for recovery and matrix effect. The recoveries of SPE determined by HPLC/FLD and UPLC/ @entity15 / @entity15 ranged from 75 to 123% and 78 to 105%, respectively, while the recoveries of LLE ranged from 45 to 73% and 48 to 75%, respectively. SPE combined with HPLC/FLD and UPLC/ @entity15 / @entity15 to determine the target analytes in plasma samples were validated of the sensitivity, reproducibility, accuracy and precision. Both methods exhibited excellent linearity in the range of 0.2-50 ng mL(-1) for all analytes. The limits of detection (LOD) varied from 0.04 ng mL(-1) to 0.13 ng mL(-1) for HPLC/FLD method and 0.003 ng mL(-1) to 0.02 ng mL(-1) for UPLC/ @entity15 / @entity15 method. The inter-day accuracy ranged from 82.5 to 127.0% for HPLC/FLD and 93.0 to 113.0% for UPLC/ @entity15 / @entity15 . The inter-day precision ranged from 9.9 to 32.3% for HPLC/FLD and 5.4 to 13.2% for UPLC/ @entity15 / @entity15 . These results demonstrated that the values obtained by both methods were within the satisfactory range and the UPLC/ @entity15 / @entity15 method provided more accurate and precise measurements than HPLC/FLD method. The comparison is of great importance to determine the available detectors, considering the complexity and expensiveness versus quality parameters. These two methods were applied to the analysis of four important @entity3035 neurotransmitter analytes ( @entity750 , @entity1130 , @entity7300 and @entity2493 ) in @entity26962 plasma samples.

title: High-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection and ultra-performance liquid chromatography with electrospray tandem mass spectrometry method for the determination of XXXX neurotransmitters and their metabolites in @entity26962 plasma.

entities_list: @entity3035 :: ('CHEBI:28626', 'Chemical') :: ['indoleamine']

entities_list: @entity7300 :: ('MESH:C030820', 'Chemical') :: ['tryptamine']

entities_list: @entity2493 :: ('MESH:D008550', 'Chemical') :: ['melatonin']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['5-hydroxytryptamine']

entities_list: @entity1130 :: ('CHEBI:27823', 'Chemical') :: ['5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid']

answer: @entity3035 :: (CHEBI:28626,Chemical) :: ['indoleamine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Emotion can be described as a multidimensional affective state, accompanied with physiological, cognitive and subjective manifestations. Most @entity162 @entity1 spontaneously claim they have a higher sensitivity than average, which may lead to extreme emotional reactions, even during intercrisis periods. Few studies have focused on this particular affective dimension. Moreover, the emotional reactivity is a way to raise the question of @entity162 @entity1 ' vulnerability to stress during euthymic periods. The aim of this study is to examine the emotional reactivity of euthymic @entity162 @entity1 in comparison with a control group, using a test of emotional induction with short films, in order to determine whether this particular affective dimension can be a potential endophenotype. Our hypothesis is that euthymic @entity162 @entity1 have a higher emotional reactivity than controls. METHOD: 20 euthymic @entity162 @entity1 and 15 healthy control subjects were recruited. The emotional reactivity was assessed using a method of emotional induction, based on viewing a set of positive, negative and neutral short films. The subjects have to appreciate the valence (pleasant, unpleasant or neutral) and the arousal (degree of emotion triggered by each film), while physiological parameters (heart rate and galvanic skin response) were measured. RESULTS: On average, euthymic @entity162 @entity1 report the same valence for each set of films and the same arousal to positive and negative movies as control subjects. Neutral pictures, however, were considered more moving by euthymic @entity162 @entity1 than by control subjects. Bipolar @entity1 showed a higher heart rate than the control group, and no statistically difference was shown considering the galvanic skin response. CONCLUSION: Euthymic @entity162 @entity1 seem to present an emotional hypereactivity which occurs especially during neutral situations.These results partly corroborate other authors outcomes, using a new and more ecologic methodology through an emotional induction by short films. While results of subjective evaluation are significant, results of physiological evaluation are controversial and need further exploration. This emotional hypereactivity during intercrisis periods allow us to understand the basal emotional functioning of @entity162 @entity1 , and could be linked with an emotional dysregulation, potential endophenotype of the @entity162 . It could have several clinical and research applications, particularly in the study of the emotional functioning of @entity162 @entity1 ' first degree relatives.

title: [Emotional endophenotypes and XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['bipolar', 'bipolar disorder']

answer: @entity162 :: (MESH:D001714,Disease) :: ['bipolar disorder']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: In previous experiments, we have found an increased level of class I @entity6085 and total @entity6085 activity in @entity1358 tissues. Changes in @entity5 cells may be reflected by @entity6085 activity in the serum and could thus be helpful for diagnostics of @entity703 . The aim of this study was to investigate a potential role of @entity6085 and ALDH as @entity5 markers for @entity1358 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: Serum samples were taken from 59 @entity1 with @entity1358 and 52 healthy subjects. Class III and IV of @entity6085 and total @entity6085 activity was measured by the photometric method. For measurement of class I and II @entity6085 and ALDH activity, we employed the fluorometric method. RESULTS: The total activity of @entity6085 and @entity6085 I was significantly higher in the serum of @entity1 with every stage of @entity1358 compared to healthy subjects. The diagnostics criteria was higher for @entity6085 I than for total @entity6085 activity. The diagnostic sensitivity for @entity6085 I was 73.36%, specificity 85.61%, predictive values of positive and negative results were 79.12 and 75.03% respectively. Area under ROC curve for @entity6085 I was 0.748 and for total @entity6085 0.689. CONCLUSION: The results suggest a potential role of @entity6085 I as a marker for @entity1358 .

title: The diagnostic significance of serum alcohol dehydrogenase isoenzymes and aldehyde dehydrogenase activity in XXXX @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity703 :: ('MESH:D007680', 'Disease') :: ['renal cancer']

answer: @entity1358 :: (MESH:D002292,Disease) :: ['renal cell cancer']


abstract: AIMS: Rubber band ligation is an effective treatment for @entity6713 . A retrospective analysis was performed to evaluate its short and long-term efficacy. @entity1 AND METHODS: From 2000 to 2008, 254 outpatients with II- degree and 114 with III-degree @entity6713 underwent @entity2144 . Two or three @entity6713 were ligated per session. Each haemorrhoid was ligated with two rubber bands through a ligator. All @entity1 were visited after two months and followed up through a telephone after two and eleven years. RESULTS: Twenty-four or forty-eight hours post treatment, 41% of @entity1 had mild-moderate @entity158 . Four @entity1 showed severe @entity158 and required for haemorrhoidectomy within a few days. Only 2% of @entity1 experienced self-limiting @entity548 after one week and 6% of @entity1 had an additional ligation within two months. Two months later, 92% of II-degree @entity1 and 76% of III-degree @entity1 showed no residual symptoms. After two and eleven years, the history of 314 @entity1 (85%) were obtained, of them, 70% was asymptomatic, 27% had some residual symptoms of occasional @entity548 and prolapse, and 3% needed further surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Rubber band ligation is an efficient, cost-effective and simple outpatient procedure for the second and third degree @entity6713 with minimal complications.

title: A retrospective analysis of short and long term efficacy of RBL for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['rectal bleeding', 'bleeding']

entities_list: @entity2144 :: ('MESH:D020315', 'Disease') :: ['rubber band ligation']

entities_list: @entity6713 :: ('MESH:D006484', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhoids']

answer: @entity6713 :: (MESH:D006484,Disease) :: ['hemorrhoids']


abstract: 1. Gluconeogenesis from @entity4919 and @entity880 was studied in caprine hepatocytes. 2. Reducing cytosol with additions of @entity167 , @entity3104 , or @entity880 decreased [2-14C]propionate conversion to @entity413 . 3. @entity460 oxidized the cytosol and increased gluconeogenesis from @entity4919 by 198% and from @entity880 by 220%. 4. Cells isolated from lactating does and wethers differed quantitatively in @entity4919 conversion to @entity413 and response to @entity460 . 5. @entity4323 decreased and @entity30304 slightly increased @entity413 production from @entity4919 . 6. Neither @entity6178 body had any significant effect on gluconeogenesis from @entity880 . 7. Results reported herein suggest gluconeogenesis from @entity4919 is not limited by lack of cytosolic reducing equivalents.

title: Gluconeogenesis in goat hepatocytes is affected by XXXX , ammonia and other key metabolites but not primarily through cytosolic redox state.

entities_list: @entity4323 :: ('MESH:C016635', 'Chemical') :: ['Acetoacetate']

entities_list: @entity4919 :: ('CHEBI:17272', 'Chemical') :: ['propionate']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium', 'Calcium']

entities_list: @entity3104 :: ('MESH:D000644', 'Chemical') :: ['ammonium']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity460 :: (MESH:D002118,Chemical) :: ['calcium']


abstract: A new class of antiemetic agents, the @entity750 (5-HT3) antagonists, have been shown to possess potent antiemetic properties in the ferret model. We conducted a phase I/II trial of the 5-HT3 antagonist @entity10442 ( @entity10442 ) in 24 chemotherapy-na  ve @entity1 who were receiving any combination of @entity632 and/or @entity900 . The first 12 @entity1 received 40 micrograms/kg and the second 12 received 80 micrograms/kg of @entity10442 intravenously before beginning chemotherapy. @entity390 was assessed by a @entity1 -completed visual analogue scale and episodes of retching recorded by the @entity1 and an independent observer. Fifty-two percent of the 22 evaluable @entity1 had no @entity391 and 32% had no @entity390 during the first 24 hours after chemotherapy. Pharmacokinetic measurements were performed. The disposition of @entity10442 was best described using a two-compartment model. The area under the plasma concentration curve (AUC) was 277 +/- 226 ng.h/mL and 359 +/- 282 ng.h/mL at 40 and 80 micrograms/kg, respectively. The total body clearance was 0.319 +/- 0.315 L/kg/hr and 0.483 +/- 0.504 L/kg/hr at the 40 and 80 micrograms/kg doses. Wide interpatient variation in model independent parameters was observed. There was no suggestion of dose-dependent efficacy at the two dose levels studied. We conclude that @entity10442 shows promise as a well-tolerated and effective antiemetic. Randomized trials comparing this drug with standard regimens are currently underway.

title: Phase I/II trial of @entity10442 : a novel XXXX antagonist for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced @entity390 and @entity391 .

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity390 :: ('MESH:D009325', 'Disease') :: ['Nausea', 'nausea']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['retching or vomiting']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['5-hydroxytryptamine']

answer: @entity750 :: (MESH:D012701,Chemical) :: ['5-hydroxytryptamine']


abstract: @entity1 suffering from locally advanced @entity957 of the @entity135 were treated with three courses of simultaneous radio-chemotherapy. Chemotherapy consisted of @entity900 , 60 mg/m2 i.v. on day 2; @entity1487 , 350 mg/m2 i.v. bolus on day 2; leucovorin @entity460 , 50 mg/m2 i.v. on day 2; @entity1487 , 350 mg/m2/24 hrs continuously infused over 96 hrs from day 2 to day 5 and @entity4181 , 100 mg/m2/24 hrs continuously infused over 96 hours from day 2 to day 5 each course. Radiotherapy was administered from day 3 to day 11. 23.4 Gy were given in 13 fractions, twice a day with a minimum interval of four hours. This schedule was repeated on days 22 and 44. The total radiation dose amounted to 70.2 Gy/51 days. From 1984 to 1986, 62 @entity1 were entered in this prospective trial. Three @entity1 deceased due to massive @entity548 during therapy, one @entity1 was not eligible due to a second @entity5 . 5/58 evaluable @entity1 had a @entity5 , 53/58 had a UICC-Stage IV @entity5 . 48/58 (81%) showed a clinically complete response to therapy, 10/58 (17%) achieved partial response three months after the end of treatment. In 16/58 @entity1 loco-regional @entity5 was not controlled (minimum follow-up 2 years), in 12/58 distant @entity3 occurred. Loco-regional control rate is estimated at 66% +/- 7% (Kaplan Maier).

title: [The results of simultaneous radio-chemotherapy in advanced XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck']

entities_list: @entity4181 :: ('MESH:D002955', 'Chemical') :: ['leucovorin calcium']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['UICC-Stage III cancer', 'cancer', 'malignancy']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cis-platinum']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

answer: @entity135 :: (MESH:D006258,Disease) :: ['head and neck tumors']


abstract: AIM: To determine the expression and clinical significance of @entity13957 (TIF1y), @entity1594 and @entity2533 (TGFbR) across a spectrum representing @entity14 ( @entity14 ) development. METHODS: Tissue microarrays were prepared from archival paraffin embedded tissue, including 51 @entity14 , 25 tubular @entity652 (TA) and 26 HPs, each with matched normal colonic epithelium. Immunohistochemistry was performed using antibodies against TIF1y, @entity1594 and TGFbRII. The levels of expression were scored semi-quantitatively (score 0-3 or loss and retention for @entity1594 ). RESULTS: Overexpression of TIF1y was detected in 5/26 (19%) @entity4306 ; however, it was seen in a significantly higher proportion of @entity5 , 15/25 (60%) TAs and 24/51 (47%) CRCs (P < 0.05). Normal @entity694 , @entity4306 , and TAs showed strong @entity1594 expression, while its expression was absent in 22/51 (43%) CRCs. Overexpression of TGFbRII was more commonly seen in @entity5 , 13/25 (52%) TAs and 29/51 (57%) CRCs compared to 9/26 (35%) @entity4306 (P < 0.05). Furthermore, there was a correlation between TIF1y overexpression and @entity1594 loss in @entity14 (Kendall tau rank correlation value = 0.35, P < 0.05). The levels of TIF1y overexpression were significantly higher in stage III than in stage I and II @entity14 (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The findings suggest that over-expression of TIF1y occurs in early stages of @entity14 , is inversely related with @entity1594 loss, and may be a prognostic indicator for poor outcome.

title: Association of overexpression of TIF1y with @entity14 and advanced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity13957 :: ('51592', 'Gene') :: ['transcriptional intermediary factor 1 gamma']

entities_list: @entity2533 :: ('7040', 'Gene') :: ['transforming growth factor-beta']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal carcinogenesis', 'CRC', 'colorectal cancer', 'colorectal carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['adenomas']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colonic mucosa']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal adenocarcinoma']


abstract: AIMS: @entity712 and @entity299 @entity1 receive standard of care cardiac beta(1)-adrenergic blockade medication. Such medication reduces cardiac output and cerebral blood flow. It is unknown whether the beta(1)-adrenergic blockade-induced @entity998 in the presence of an exercise-induced @entity299 affects cerebral blood flow variability. This study evaluated the influence of cardiac output variability on beat-to-beat middle cerebral artery mean blood velocity (MCA V(mean)) during exercise with and without cardiac beta(1)-adrenergic blockade. METHODS: Eight @entity1 (22 +/- 1 years; mean +/- SE) performed 15 min bouts of moderate (105 +/- 11 W) and heavy (162 +/- 8 W) intensity cycling before and after cardio-selective beta(1)-adrenergic blockade (0.15 mg kg(-1) @entity1406 ). The relationship between changes in cardiac output or mean arterial pressure (MAP) and MCA V(mean) as well as @entity299 were evaluated using transfer function analysis. RESULTS: Both exercise intensities decreased the low frequency (LF) transfer function gain between cardiac output and MCA V(mean) (P < 0.05) with no significant influence of beta(1)-blockade. In contrast, the LF transfer function gain between MAP and MCA V(mean) remained stable also with no significant influence of @entity1406 (P > 0.05). The LF transfer function gain between MAP and HR, an index of @entity299 , decreased from rest to heavy exercise with and without beta(1)-blockade (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that the exercise intensity related reduction in cardiac-arterial baroreflex function at its operating point does not influence the dynamic control of MCA V(mean), even when the ability of exercise-induced increase in cardiac output is reduced by cardiac beta(1)-adrenergic blockade.

title: Dynamic blood pressure control and middle cerebral artery mean blood velocity variability at rest and during exercise in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['Cardiac failure']

entities_list: @entity998 :: ('MESH:D002303', 'Disease') :: ['reduction of cardiac output']

entities_list: @entity1406 :: ('MESH:D008790', 'Chemical') :: ['metoprolol']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac-arterial baroreflex gain', 'ischaemic heart disease', 'reduction in cardiac-arterial baroreflex gain']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['humans']


abstract: OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN: @entity842 (NO) has been linked to inflammatory reactions, tissue destruction, host defense, and wound healing in @entity66 . It is known that arginase enzyme controls the synthesis of NO through @entity369 depletion. This study evaluated the arginase-NO pathway alteration in response to tissue injury after dental extraction surgery and the effect of postoperative use of 0.2% @entity5164 rinse (CHX). MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study included 28 individuals who had impacted mandibular third molars. They were randomly divided into two groups. Group A was comprised of 13 individuals who used postoperative CHX (0.2%) rinse, while group B included 15 individuals who did not use postoperative CHX rinse. For each @entity1 , periodontal inflammatory status was evaluated. Salivary and gingival tissue samples were obtained before and 1 h and 1 week after the surgery to determine the NO level and arginase activity using spectrophotometric methods. RESULTS: NO level of tissue samples displayed an insignificant decrease in both groups postoperatively. However, arginase activity of tissue samples was significantly higher in group B compared to group A 1 week after surgery (p <or= 0.01). There were no significant changes in salivary arginase activity and NO level in both groups before or after the third molar surgery. CONCLUSION: Results indicated that good oral hygiene following periodontal treatment prior to third molar surgery was related to an increase in arginase activity, which may improve wound healing. However, use of CHX rinse following periodontal treatment had no pronounced effect on the arginase-NO pathway.

title: Impact of chlorhexidine mouth rinse use on postextraction infection via XXXX pathway.

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['oral diseases']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['Nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity369 :: ('CHEBI:29016', 'Chemical') :: ['arginine']

entities_list: @entity5164 :: ('MESH:C010882', 'Chemical') :: ['chlorhexidine gluconate']

answer: @entity842 :: (MESH:D009569,Chemical) :: ['nitric oxide']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Status asthmaticus accounts for a large portion of the morbidity and mortality associated with @entity565 , but we know little about its epidemiology. We describe here the hospitalization characteristics of @entity1 with @entity748 , how they changed over time, and how they differed between hospitals with and without PICUs. @entity1 AND METHODS: We used administrative data from New Jersey that included all hospitalizations in the state from 1992, 1995, and 1999-2006. We identified @entity1 with @entity748 by using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, diagnosis codes that indicate @entity748 and the use of mechanical ventilation by using procedure codes. We designated hospitals with a PICU as "PICU hospitals" and those without as "adult hospitals." RESULTS: We identified 28 309 admissions of @entity1 with @entity748 (22.8% of all @entity565 hospitalizations). From 1992 to 2006, the rate of hospital admissions decreased by half (from 1.98 in 1000 to 0.93 in 1000 @entity1 ), and there was a 70% decrease in the number of @entity1 admitted to adult hospitals. The rate of ICU care in PICU hospitals more than tripled. However, the rate of mechanical ventilation remained low, and the number of deaths was small and unchanged (n=14 total). Hospital costs climbed from  6.6 million to  9.5 million. CONCLUSIONS: Although fewer @entity1 are being admitted with @entity748 , the proportion of @entity1 managed in PICUs is climbing. There has been no substantial change in rates of mechanical ventilation or @entity204 . Additional research is needed to better understand how @entity1 and physicians decide on the appropriate site for hospital care and how that choice affects outcome.

title: Trends in admissions for pediatric XXXX in New Jersey over a 15-year period.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity748 :: ('MESH:D013224', 'Disease') :: ['status asthmaticus']

answer: @entity748 :: (MESH:D013224,Disease) :: ['status asthmaticus']