abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 recovering from @entity583 are frequently evaluated by non-invasive tests for evidence of @entity741 before returning to work or full activity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prognostic significance of clinical and non-invasive @entity63 test variables assessed in 549 stable, @entity9458 @entity1 (median 2 months) after their first Q-wave (n = 363) and non-Q-wave (n = 186) @entity583 . METHODS: The @entity63 tests performed were resting ECG, exercise ECG, ambulatory ECG, and stress thallium scintigraphy. RESULTS: @entity299 ( @entity1459 requiring hospitalization, @entity3257 , or @entity204 from cardiac causes) were observed during a mean 23-month follow-up in 57 @entity1 (15.7%) with Q-wave and in 31 of @entity1 (16.7%) with non-Q-wave @entity1188 . In a step-wise Cox regression model, the only significant independent predictors of subsequent @entity299 (P < 0.001) were post- @entity1188 @entity1723 . The type of @entity1188 did not make a significant contribution to the risk of @entity299 (P = 0.29). However, an interaction between @entity1188 was of borderline significance (P = 0.065), with angina associated with more @entity299 in @entity1 with non-Q-wave than in those with Q-wave @entity1188 . None of the @entity63 tests contributed significantly to the Cox model in predicting @entity299 in either @entity1188 . CONCLUSION: Stable @entity9458 @entity1 who have recovered from first Q-wave and non-Q-wave @entity583 have similar long-term prognoses. The occurrence of post- @entity1188 angina is associated with increased risk of @entity299 in @entity1 with both infarct types, with more marked effect in non-Q-wave than Q-wave @entity1188 . @entity63 detected by non-invasive tests performed in the @entity9458 phase after @entity583 was not prognostically useful in either @entity1188 .

title: Risk of subsequent @entity299 in stable @entity9458 XXXX after first non-Q-wave and Q-wave @entity583 : the limited role of non-invasive testing.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['Ischemia', 'ischemic']

entities_list: @entity1459 :: ('MESH:D000789', 'Disease') :: ['unstable angina']

entities_list: @entity1723 :: ('MESH:D003922', 'Disease') :: ['angina and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity9458 :: ('MESH:D003289', 'Disease') :: ['convalescing']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarct type', 'infarct type and post-infarction angina', 'infarctions', 'infarction']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial ischemia']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac events', 'Cardiac events']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity3257 :: ('MESH:C580335', 'Disease') :: ['non-fatal reinfarction']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the correlation of @entity428 ( @entity428 ) measurement and time to detection of @entity428 crises (defined as @entity428 >=  20 mm Hg for >=  5 mins) between an intraparenchymal (IP) monitor and external ventricular drain (EVD) in @entity1 for whom continuous cerebrospinal fluid diversion was used as a therapy for severe @entity131 . SETTING: Academic, pediatric intensive care unit. DESIGN: Retrospective review of a prospectively collected pediatric neurotrauma database. @entity1 : @entity1 with severe @entity131 (Glasgow Coma Scale score of  <= 8) who underwent @entity428 monitoring with both IP and EVD techniques were studied. In cohort 1 (n = 58), hourly @entity428 measurements were extracted from the medical record; in cohort 2 (n = 4), @entity428 measurements were collected every minute by an automated data-collection system. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The mean absolute difference in @entity428 ( N5ICP N5) and intraclass correlation coefficients were calculated. Timing to detection of @entity428 crises was analyzed. Data were expressed as mean    sem. For cohort 1, 7,387 hrs of data were analyzed; 399 hrs (23,940 mins) were analyzed for cohort 2. In cohort 1, the  N5ICP N5 was 3.10    0.04 mm Hg (intraclass correlation coefficients = 0.98, p < .001). The  N5ICP N5 in cohort 2 was 3.30    0.05 mm Hg (intraclass correlation coefficients = 0.98, p < .001). In cohort 2, a total of 75 @entity428 crises were observed. Fifty-five (73%) were detected first by the IP monitor, of which 35 were not identified by the EVD monitor. Time between IP and EVD detection of a crisis was 12.60    2.34 mins. CONCLUSION: EVD and IP measurements of @entity428 were highly correlated, although intermittent EVD @entity428 measurements may fail to identify @entity428 events when continuously draining cerebrospinal fluid. In institutions that use continuous cerebrospinal fluid diversion as a therapy, a two-monitor system may be valuable for accomplishing monitoring and therapeutic goals.

title: Intracranial pressure-monitoring systems in @entity1 with XXXX : combining therapeutic and diagnostic tools.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['traumatic brain injury']

entities_list: @entity428 :: ('MESH:D019586', 'Disease') :: ['ICP', 'intracranial pressure']

answer: @entity131 :: (MESH:D001930,Disease) :: ['traumatic brain injury']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: e14518 Background: ACh and young age are favorable prognostic factrors in RGA. We retrospectively analysed the relationships of both factors in RGA pts. METHODS: From 1977 and 2002, 430 consecutive @entity1 with RGA were followed after ACh or after surgery without ACh .The ACh cosisted of @entity1138 10 mg/m(2) ( @entity1139 ) or @entity1139 plus oral @entity16229 , 500 mg/m(2)/day for six months. Grouping of age were 1=under 46 yrs 50 (12%) pts; 2=46 to 54 yrs 61 (14%) pts; 3=55 to 64 yrs 128 (30%) pts; and 4=over 64 yrs 191 (44%) pts. RESULTS: Pts median age: 63 years (range 22-93). Gender, 277 (64%) male and 153 (36%) female. @entity5 location was antrum, 186 (43%) pts, body 133 (31%) pts, @entity418 , 34 (8%) pts and not specified 77 (18%). Staging was node positive 247 (57%) pts or node negative 183 (43%) pts. ACh was given in 236 (55%) pts and did not in other 194 (45%). Median follow-up 76 moths. Significant differences in favor of the first subgroup in univariate analysis were node negative vs positive (p<0.0001); ACh vs no ACh in all pts (p<0.0001) and in group 3 (p<0.0001), group 4 (p=0.0002) and in group 3+4 (p<0.0001); a tendence of female vs male (p=0.0512), and group 4 vs 3 (p=0.0339) and group 1 vs 3 (p=0.0280). In a multivariate Cox analysis including age (over 63 vs less); gender (male vs female); stage (node positive vs negative); ACh global and group 3+4, only nodal stage (OR=3.34, 95% CI: 2.44-4.57, p<0.0001); global ACh (OR=0.38, 95% CI: 0.29-0.51, p<0.0001) and ACh in groups 3+4 (OR=0.31, 95% CI: 0.22-0.44, p<0.0001) were statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: ACh is a predictive factor of favorable outcome in elderly pts with RGA.

title: Analysis of XXXX age and adjuvant chemotherapy (ACh) as predictor of survival in @entity1 (pts) with resected gastric adenocarcinoma (RGA).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1138 :: ('MESH:D016685', 'Chemical') :: ['mitomycin']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: The skin is an external organ that is most frequently exposed to radiation. High-dose radiation initiates and promotes @entity1489 and @entity6937 . It is important to investigate the influence of high-dose radiation exposure on the skin at the molecular level to understand @entity6937 . To identify genes that are associated with injury caused by high-dose radiation exposure of the skin, we used microarray technology to examine the effect of irradiation on approximately 1000 genes in normal @entity1 epidermal keratinocytes at 3 h postirradiation with a cytotoxic dose of X-ray (5 Gy). We found that 16 and 59 genes were up- and down-regulated respectively in the keratinocytes. Several apoptosis-related genes, for example, BAK and @entity12170 , and anti-proliferative genes, for example, @entity23636 and @entity23637 , were up-regulated. We focused on @entity23638 because @entity23638 is induced most strongly by X-irradiation, and its function in keratinocytes is unknown. The induction of the @entity23638 mRNA and protein in keratinocytes following X-ray was confirmed by RT-PCR and western blot analysis. @entity23638 was also induced and accumulated within the nuclei of keratinocytes after X-ray irradiation in vivo and in vitro. Exogenous EYFP- @entity23638 also accumulated within the nuclei of keratinocytes. In the transient expression assay, @entity23638 , but not EYFP, induced apoptosis in keratinocytes. Taken together, these results suggest that @entity23638 plays a role in apoptosis in keratinocytes and is associated with @entity272 caused by ionizing radiation.

title: Identification of XXXX -related genes induced by ionizing radiation in @entity1 keratinocytes using cDNA microarray.

entities_list: @entity1489 :: ('MESH:D012878', 'Disease') :: ['skin cancer']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin injury']

entities_list: @entity6937 :: ('MESH:D054508', 'Disease') :: ['acute radiation injury']

answer: @entity272 :: (MESH:D012871,Disease) :: ['Skin injury']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The release of catabolic stress hormones because of surgical @entity130 leads to a breakdown of fats, proteins, and @entity1735 stores and interference with immune function. This can delay wound healing and may increase the risk of @entity1850 ( @entity1850 )/ @entity295 and @entity260 . Minimally invasive surgery can attenuate this response. Our purpose was (1) to compare neuroendocrine responses in @entity1 undergoing open @entity439 repair with those in @entity1 undergoing @entity439 repair (EVAR), (2) to compare the incidence of @entity1850 / @entity295 and all complications in these two groups, and (3) to look at the relationship between procedure type, neuroendocrine response, and incidence of @entity1850 / @entity295 and complications. METHODS: Forty-six @entity1 who underwent open repair and 19 who underwent EVAR were studied. A baseline (T1) 24-hour urine save was undertaken in the week before admission, and a second 24-hour save (T2) commenced at anesthetic induction to measure @entity701 and @entity2661 . The incidences of @entity1850 / @entity295 and complications were recorded. RESULTS: Significant ( P </= .001) increases in @entity701 and @entity1425 from T1 to T2 occurred in all @entity1 . Controlling for the type of anesthetic, the administration of exogenous inotropes, and beta-adrenoreceptor antagonists (beta-blockers), there was a significant difference in @entity701 (T2) associated with the type of procedure. Responses were greater in open @entity1 in comparison to EVAR @entity1 (F 3,61 = 5.0; P = .03). The incidence of @entity1850 (50% vs 32%), @entity295 (26% vs 5%), and all complications (76% vs 32%) was significantly ( P </= .02) higher in open than EVAR @entity1 , respectively. @entity701 and adrenaline measured for 24 hours, commencing at the time of induction, tended to be higher in @entity1 with @entity1850 / @entity295 and all complications, but this did not reach significance. CONCLUSIONS: An attenuated glucocorticoid surge characterizes the reduced stress response experienced by @entity1 undergoing EVAR compared with open @entity1028 repair. A reduction in the occurrence of @entity1850 is a feature of a more favorable postoperative course after an endovascular approach.

title: Endovascular repair of XXXX reduces intraoperative @entity701 and perioperative morbidity.

entities_list: @entity1425 :: ('MESH:D004837', 'Chemical') :: ['adrenaline']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['endovascular aneurysm', 'abdominal aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['Cortisol', 'cortisol']

entities_list: @entity1850 :: ('MESH:D018746', 'Disease') :: ['systemic inflammatory response syndrome', 'SIRS']

entities_list: @entity2661 :: ('MESH:D002395', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamines']

entities_list: @entity1028 :: ('MESH:D017544', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal aortic aneurysm']

answer: @entity1028 :: (MESH:D017544,Disease) :: ['abdominal aortic aneurysm']


abstract: The cell surface receptor kinase @entity16047 ( @entity16047 ) is the major receptor for @entity134 hormones in @entity958 . Plants homozygous for loss-of-function mutations in @entity16047 display a reduction in the size of vegetative organs, resulting in dwarfism. The recessive @entity16047 -5 mutation produces receptors that do not accumulate to wild-type levels and are retained mainly in the endoplasmic reticulum. We have isolated a dominant suppressor of the dwarf phenotype of @entity16047 -5 plants. We show that this suppression is caused by a second-site mutation in @entity16047 , @entity16047 -5R1. The @entity16047 -5R1 mutation partially rescues the phenotypes of @entity16047 -5 in many tissues and enhances @entity16047 -5 phenotypes above wild-type levels in several other tissues. We demonstrate that the phenotypes of @entity16047 -5R1 plants are due to both increased cell expansion and increased cell division. To test the mechanism of @entity16047 -5 suppression, we assessed whether the phenotypic suppression in @entity16047 -5R1 was dependent on ligand availability and the integrity of the signaling pathway. Our results indicate that the suppression of the dwarf phenotypes associated with @entity16047 -5R1 requires both BR biosynthesis and the receptor kinase @entity16047 -ASSOCIATED KINASE-1 (BAK1). Finally, we show that @entity16047 -5R1 partially restores the accumulation and plasma membrane localization of @entity16047 . Collectively, our results point toward a model in which @entity16047 -R1 compensates for the protein-folding abnormalities caused by @entity16047 -5, restoring accumulation of the receptor and its delivery to the cell surface.

title: Intragenic suppression of a trafficking-defective brassinosteroid receptor mutant in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity958 :: ('3702', 'Species') :: ['Arabidopsis']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity16047 :: ('830095(Tax:3702)', 'Gene') :: ['BRI1', 'BRASSINOSTEROID-INSENSITIVE-1', 'bri1']

answer: @entity958 :: (3702,Species) :: ['Arabidopsis']


abstract: 1. Hepatic arterial and portal venous blood flow and hepatic @entity26 consumption were measured in two groups of greyhounds anaesthetized with @entity4485 . Flows were measured with electromagnetic flowmeters. 2. In the first group the effects of @entity520 produced by the infusion of a molar solution of @entity880 were studied. In the second group the effects of @entity5838 produced by the infusion of a molar solution of @entity4388 were studied. 3. In the acidotic group hepatic arterial blood flow decreased from 35.2 to 9.6 ml @entity1009 100 g-1 of liver whereas portal venous blood flow increased from 94.2 to 126.1 ml @entity1009 100g-1 of liver. Total liver blood flow was unchanged. Hepatic @entity26 consumption increased, but not significantly, while hepatic venous @entity26 content decreased significantly. Hepatic arterial resistance increased from 1.18 to 2.77 mmHg @entity1009 ml-1 while peripheral resistance was virtually unchanged. Portal venous pressure increased from 7.08 to 11.6 mmHg. 4. In the alkalotic group portal venous blood flow increased from 112 to 137 ml @entity1009 100 g-1 of liver. Hepatic arterial blood flow increased, but not significantly. Total liver blood flow increased from 151 to 185 ml @entity1009 100 mg-1 of liver. There were no significant changes in hepatic @entity26 consumption. 5. It is concluded that @entity520 reduces the supply of @entity26 to the liver owing to the @entity1503 and is therefore potentially harmful, whereas @entity5838 probably has no biologically significant effect on liver blood flow.

title: Liver blood flow and @entity26 consumption during XXXX and @entity5838 in the greyhound.

entities_list: @entity4485 :: ('MESH:D010424', 'Chemical') :: ['pentobarbitone']

entities_list: @entity5838 :: ('MESH:D000471', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic alkalosis']

entities_list: @entity4388 :: ('MESH:D017693', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium bicarbonate']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['reduction in hepatic arterial blood flow']

entities_list: @entity520 :: ('MESH:D000138', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic acidosis']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactic acid']

answer: @entity520 :: (MESH:D000138,Disease) :: ['metabolic acidosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To analyze the outcome of the @entity1 with @entity1820 ( @entity677 ) after surgical treatment and identify the associated risk factors. METHODS: Clinical data and the tissue slices including immunohistochemistry staining of 140 @entity1 with @entity356 from January 1990 to December 2008 were retrospectively reviewed. SPSS 16.0 for Windows software package was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: The overall survival rates of 1-, 3-, 5-year were 96.8%, 86.7% and 79.3%, respectively. The survival rates of 1-, 3-, 5-year were 98.1%, 90.0% and 85.4% in @entity1 who underwent complete @entity5 resection. But the survival rates of 1-, 3-, 5-year were 38.1%, 0 and 0 in @entity1 with incomplete @entity5 resection. The differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Gender, preoperative @entity3 , @entity5 size,pathology type,karyokinesis, recurrence and @entity3 were associated with survival rates in @entity1 with complete @entity5 resection by univariate analysis. However, only @entity5 size, karyokinesis, recurrence and @entity3 were associated with survival rates by @entity797 regression multivariable analysis(P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Surgery remains the main treatment for @entity356 . Local complete resection is the principal treatment.

title: [Surgical treatment for 140 XXXX with @entity356 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1820 :: ('MESH:D005770', 'Disease') :: ['gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumor']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric GIST']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity12897 are uncommon extradural degenerative lesions associated with symptoms of @entity615 and @entity614 . Most of these lesions occur in the lumbar spine at the L4-5 level and to a lesser extent at the @entity6357 levels. METHODS: A retrospective study involving eight @entity1 seen by the neurosurgery service from January 1, 1989, to May 30, 1994, was analyzed. The type, duration, and distribution of symptoms were evaluated, along with the @entity1 's age and sex. All @entity1 had lumbosacral spine x rays and magnetic resonance imaging. Four had a computed tomography-myelogram of the lumbar spine. All @entity1 underwent a laminectomy or hemilaminectomy and cyst excision, and all were followed for a minimum of 1 year. The presence of a @entity12897 was confirmed by histopathology. RESULTS: Of the eight @entity1 , seven had @entity158 relief with five having complete resolution of @entity158 . The single care of persistent @entity158 was found to be due to scar tissue at the operative site. All five cases of preoperative lower extremity @entity425 showed complete resolution. Dysesthesia was either unchanged or decreased. CONCLUSIONS: Surgery is a safe, effective treatment for @entity1 with lumbar @entity12897 and is the treatment of choice for these lesions.

title: XXXX of the lumbar spine: diagnosis, surgical management, and pathogenesis. Report of eight cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity12897 :: ('MESH:D013581', 'Disease') :: ['Synovial cysts', 'synovial cyst', 'synovial cysts']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['weakness']

entities_list: @entity615 :: ('MESH:D001416', 'Disease') :: ['lower back pain']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['dramatic pain', 'pain']

entities_list: @entity614 :: ('MESH:D011843', 'Disease') :: ['radiculopathy']

answer: @entity12897 :: (MESH:D013581,Disease) :: ['Synovial cysts']


abstract: PURPOSE: To report a prospective study that explored the therapeutic strategies in the treatment of type B aortic intramural @entity1410 (IMH) and evaluated the role of endovascular repair. METHODS: Between January 2001 and December 2009, 56 consecutive @entity1 were enrolled in a prospective study to evaluate stent-graft repair versus medical therapy for acute type B IMH ( @entity1 with type A IMH excluded). @entity1 who had penetrating @entity731 , maximum aortic diameter >45 mm, @entity1410 thickness >10 mm, or sustained chest or back @entity158 despite maximal medical therapy received endovascular stent-grafts (n=33; mean age 60 years, range 33-86), while other @entity1 (n=23; mean age 56 years, range 29-83) received conservative therapy. RESULTS: Stent-grafts were implanted successfully as scheduled in 33 @entity1 as elective procedures; there were no complications related to the procedure. The mean follow-up up was 28  15 months (range 3-108). In the medically treated @entity1 , there were 6 (26%) cases of IMH progression (4 treated with stent-grafts) and 2 (9%) deaths versus no IMH progression or @entity204 in the stent-graft @entity1 . The thickness of the @entity1410 was reduced in all 37 @entity1 receiving stent-grafts, and the maximum aortic diameter decreased in 19 of these @entity1 . The 17 surviving @entity1 in the medical group also showed regression of the @entity1410 in follow-up. CONCLUSION: Type B IMH is a potentially lethal disease, and the application of endovascular stent-grafts achieved an encouraging result in this study. Therefore, a more optimistic strategy, including endovascular repair, should be considered and evaluated in the future.

title: Acute type B aortic intramural XXXX : treatment strategy and the role of endovascular repair.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerotic ulcers']

answer: @entity1410 :: (MESH:D006406,Disease) :: ['hematoma']


abstract: @entity15 ( @entity15 ) is a @entity179 resulting from an autoimmune attack on the axon-myelin unit. A female @entity15 bias becomes evident after puberty and female incidence has tripled in the last half-century, implicating a female sex hormone interacting with a modifiable environmental factor. These aspects of @entity15 suggest that many female @entity15 cases may be preventable. Mechanistic knowledge of this hormone-environment interaction is needed to devise strategies to reduce female @entity15 risk. We previously demonstrated that @entity3875 (D3) deficiency increases and D3 supplementation decreases @entity6503 ( @entity6503 ) risk in a female-biased manner. We also showed that D3 acts in an @entity172 (E2)-dependent manner, since ovariectomy eliminated and E2 restored D3-mediated @entity6503 protection. Here we probed the hypothesis that @entity20592 interact synergistically within @entity1961 (+) T cells to control T cell fate and prevent @entity17 . The E2 increased @entity6503 resistance in wild-type (WT) but not T- @entity12694 (0) @entity19 lacking @entity12694 gene function in @entity1961 (+) T cells, so E2 action depended entirely on @entity12694 (+) @entity1961 (+) T cells. The E2 levels were higher in WT than T- @entity12694 (0) @entity19 , suggesting the @entity12694 (+) @entity1961 (+) T cells produced E2 or stimulated its production. The E2 decreased @entity20593 and increased @entity12694 transcripts in T cells, prolonging the @entity3873 half-life and increasing @entity3873 responsiveness. The E2 also increased @entity1961 (+)Helios(+)FoxP3(+) T regulatory (Treg) cells in a @entity12694 -dependent manner. Thus, @entity1961 (+) T cells have a cooperative amplification loop involving E2 and @entity3873 that promotes @entity1961 (+)Helios(+)FoxP3(+) Treg cell development and is disrupted when the D3 pathway is impaired. The global decline in population D3 status may be undermining a similar cooperative E2-D3 interaction controlling Treg cell differentiation in @entity1 , causing a @entity784 and a rise in @entity15 incidence.

title: Vitamin D and XXXX synergy in @entity12694 -expressing @entity1961 (+) T cells is essential to induce Helios(+)FoxP3(+) T cells and prevent autoimmune demyelinating disease.

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity17 :: ('MESH:D003711', 'Disease') :: ['demyelinating disease']

entities_list: @entity3873 :: ('MESH:D002117', 'Chemical') :: ['calcitriol']

entities_list: @entity784 :: ('MESH:D016399', 'Disease') :: ['breakdown in T cell self tolerance']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['neurodegenerative disease']

entities_list: @entity6503 :: ('MESH:D004681', 'Disease') :: ['EAE', 'experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['Multiple sclerosis', 'MS']

answer: @entity172 :: (MESH:D004967,Chemical) :: ['estrogen']


abstract: The @entity146 are a major group of @entity1893 characterized by diffuse disease, in most cases, and a rapidly progressive clinical course. Until recently, the disease was fatal. Over the last 10 years, use of intermittent high-dose combination chemotherapy with non-cross-resistant drugs has significantly increased the survival time for @entity1 with both local and advanced disease. For those with advanced disease, the most recent studies show complete response rates of 85%, complete-response relapse rates of 10%, and a 73% rate of survival for more than 3 to 5 years. The role of radiation therapy is also important, particularly in the early stages of disease. Salvage treatment with single-agent chemotherapy has achieved often impressive, but brief, responses usually of less than 1 year. Not all @entity1 can tolerate these intensive regimens, however, and new avenues of therapy are being investigated. Various types of biologic response modifiers have been tried in @entity1 who have been heavily pretreated. Monoclonal antibodies initially produced responses in @entity1 with low or intermediate grade @entity5 , but overall results are still disappointing. Recent trials with interferons show promise especially in @entity1 with low-grade, indolent B cell lymphomas and @entity784 . Because antitumor effects are generally of short duration, however, there is probably only a minimal role for biologic therapy in @entity1 with @entity146 .

title: XXXX : a curable subset of @entity1893 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive lymphomas', 'diffuse aggressive lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity784 :: ('MESH:D016399', 'Disease') :: ['cutaneous T cell lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ["non-Hodgkin's lymphomas"]

answer: @entity146 :: (MESH:D001523,Disease) :: ['Diffuse aggressive lymphomas']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity788 are a group of diverse @entity5 managed ideally in specialist centres. This study describes recent patterns in the incidence and survival of @entity788 in England over a ten year period (1998-2007). METHODS: Data on 99,379 English @entity1 (50,656 males; 48,723 females) diagnosed with @entity788 between 1998 and 2007 were extracted from the National Cancer Data Repository. Data were divided into six site-specific @entity5 groups; pancreas, ampulla of Vater, biliary tract, primary liver, gallbladder and duodenum. Age-standardised incidence rates (per 100,000 European standard population, (ASR(E))) were calculated for each of the six groups by year of diagnosis and by socioeconomic deprivation. Survival was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS: The largest group was @entity788 (63%), followed by primary liver (14%) and @entity5 (13%). ASR(E) were highest for @entity96 whereas @entity5 of the gallbladder, duodenum and ampulla of Vater had a very low incidence. Over time the incidence of all six groups remained relatively stable, although primary @entity96 increased slightly in males. Incidence rates were higher in males than in females in all groups except @entity1086 , and all six groups had a higher incidence in the more deprived quintiles. Overall survival was poor in each of the @entity788 groups. CONCLUSIONS: @entity5 are uncommon and are associated with poor long term survival reflecting the late stage at presentation. Incidence patterns suggest variable rates linked to socioeconomic deprivation and highlight a male predominance in all sites except the gallbladder. Identification of high risk populations should be emphasised in initiatives to raise awareness and facilitate earlier diagnosis.

title: Incidence and survival for hepatic, XXXX in England between 1998 and 2007.

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['Hepatic, pancreatic and biliary (HPB) cancers', 'HPB cancer', 'HPB cancers', 'pancreatic cancers']

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['liver cancer', 'pancreatic and primary liver cancers']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['HPB tumours', 'cancers', 'cancer', 'biliary cancers', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity1086 :: ('MESH:D005706', 'Disease') :: ['gallbladder cancer']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatic and biliary cancers']


abstract: Advanced glycation is an important pathogenic mechanism in the development of @entity6 complications. However, other biochemical processes, such as the polyol pathway or lipid and protein oxidation which can interact with advanced glycation can also yield tissue fluorescence and may also be implicated in the genesis of @entity532 . @entity5118 is an inhibitor of advanced glycation, but it is not known if all of its effects are mediated by this mechanism. The present study explores the relative contributions of @entity3650 reductase, oxidative stress and advanced glycation on the development of aortic and renal fluorescence and urinary albumin excretion in @entity3839 @entity6 @entity35 . The study groups included non- @entity6 (control), @entity3839 @entity6 @entity35 and @entity6 @entity35 receiving @entity5118 , the anti-oxidants @entity1882 and @entity5119 and the @entity3650 reductase inhibitor, @entity5120 . Serial measurements of glycaemic control and urinary albumin excretion were performed every 8 weeks. At 32 weeks, animals were killed, tissues removed and collagen extracted for measurement of fluorescence. @entity6 @entity35 had increased fluorescence in aorta, glomeruli and renal tubules. @entity5118 prevented an increase in fluorescence at all three sites suggesting that @entity6 -related tissue fluorescence is predominantly due to advanced glycation. Ponalrestat retarded fluorescence in aorta only and @entity1882 attenuated fluorescence at the renal sites but not in the aorta. @entity6 @entity35 had increased renal cortical @entity5121 levels. Ponalrestat normalized renal cortical @entity5121 levels but @entity5118 did not affect this parameter. The only agent to decrease plasma @entity4466 reactive substances was @entity1882 . @entity6 @entity35 developed @entity633 over the 32-week period.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: The relative roles of advanced glycation, oxidation and @entity3650 reductase inhibition in the development of experimental diabetic nephropathy in the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5118 :: ('MESH:C004479', 'Chemical') :: ['Aminoguanidine', 'aminoguanidine']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetic', 'diabetic', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity5121 :: ('MESH:D013012', 'Chemical') :: ['sorbitol']

entities_list: @entity3839 :: ('MESH:D013311', 'Chemical') :: ['streptozotocin']

entities_list: @entity532 :: ('MESH:D003925', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic microangiopathy']

entities_list: @entity5120 :: ('MESH:C042829', 'Chemical') :: ['ponalrestat']

entities_list: @entity1882 :: ('MESH:D002084', 'Chemical') :: ['butylated hydroxytoluene']

entities_list: @entity633 :: ('MESH:D000419', 'Disease') :: ['albuminuria']

entities_list: @entity5119 :: ('MESH:D011341', 'Chemical') :: ['probucol']

entities_list: @entity4466 :: ('MESH:C029684', 'Chemical') :: ['thiobarbituric acid']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['Sprague-Dawley rat']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To review the diagnosis and pathogenesis of @entity1069 ( @entity1069 ) and chronic @entity2371 ( @entity2723 ). MATERIAL AND METHODS: A review of the literature was performed by searching the Medline database (National Library of Medicine). Search terms were either medical subject heading (MeSH) keywords (microbiology, @entity2371 , @entity1069 ) or terms derived from the title or abstract. Search terms were used alone or in combinations by using the "AND" operator. The literature search was conducted from 1990 to the present time. RESULTS: @entity5116 is a chronic, recurrent @entity2348 of the prostate, accounting for about 5 to 10% of all cases of @entity1069 ( @entity1069 ). @entity2723 is nonbacterial genitourinary @entity2371 present for at least 3 months, sometimes associated with @entity250 . Although the prostate does not appear to be involved in all cases of chronic @entity2371 in @entity1 , the term @entity1069 usually remains associated with @entity2723 ( @entity2723 ). @entity2723 has a negative impact on quality of life. The precise pathogenesis of @entity2723 has not been elucidated, but @entity1069 and @entity32 could be involved, not as direct causes, but as initiating factors of a neurological @entity56 phenomenon. Evaluation of @entity2723 comprises clinical interview completed by the National Institutes of Health-Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index questionnaire (NIH-CPSI), physical examination, urine culture and uroflowmetry combined with determination of the post-voiding residual volume. The other investigations are optional and are designed to exclude other urological diagnoses. The Meares-Stamey four-glass test should be abandoned in favour of a simplified test comprising urine analysis before and after prostatic massage. However, the indications for this test are limited to @entity1 in whom chronic @entity1069 is suspected or with @entity793 on urine culture. CONCLUSION: @entity5116 represents only about 5 to 10% of all cases of @entity1069 . The usual terminology of chronic non- @entity1069 has been replaced by the term @entity2723 or @entity2723 in @entity1 , in order to situate this disease in a broader context not exclusively related to the prostate. Despite its prevalence and its impact on quality of life and sexuality, @entity2723 remains poorly known and continues to raise diagnostic problems.

title: [Symptomatic approach to XXXX /chronic @entity2371 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1069 :: ('MESH:D053448', 'Disease') :: ['CP', 'bacterial prostatitis', 'prostatic infection', 'chronic prostatitis', 'prostatitis']

entities_list: @entity2371 :: ('MESH:D017699', 'Disease') :: ['pelvic pain', 'pelvic pain syndrome']

entities_list: @entity2348 :: ('MESH:D001424', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial infection']

entities_list: @entity793 :: ('MESH:D001437', 'Disease') :: ['bacteriuria']

entities_list: @entity5116 :: ('MESH:D011472', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic bacterial prostatitis']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['hypersensitization']

entities_list: @entity250 :: ('MESH:D012735', 'Disease') :: ['sexual and voiding disorders']

answer: @entity1069 :: (MESH:D053448,Disease) :: ['chronic prostatitis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the safety and efficacy of laparoscopic and open partial nephrectomy for @entity1358 . METHODS: To collect and analyze the data such as operation time, warm @entity63 time, complications, recovery and surgical margins of 110 @entity1 of small @entity703 (T1aN0M0) from January 2004 to March 2009, 52 of which underwent laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN) and the other 58 @entity1 underwent open partial nephrectomy (OPN). RESULTS: The mean operation time of LPN group and OPN group were 177.8 min and 126.7 min (t = 3.973, P < 0.01), respectively. The warm @entity63 time of the two groups were 28.3 min and 21.9 min (t = 4.627, P > 0.05), respectively. Two cases in LPN group and 1 case in OPN group (3.8% vs 1.7%, chi(2) = 0.010, P > 0.05) needed blood transfusion. The increment of @entity908 after operation were 4 micromol/L in LPN group and 6 micromol/L in OPN group (t = -2.018, P > 0.05). Six cases (11.5%) in LPN group and 8 cases (13.8%) in OPN group needed collection system repairing (chi(2) = 0.130, P > 0.05)and the same data of @entity811 after operation was observed. There was no urinary @entity292 or other severe complications in all @entity1 . The hospital stay after operation was 10.6 d and 12.9 d (t = -3.244, P < 0.01) in the two groups, respectively. All surgical margins were negative. CONCLUSION: LPN and OPN have the same safety and efficacy, LPN primary treatment can be used for selected @entity1 of T1aN0M0 @entity1358 because of its fast recovery.

title: [Analysis of safety and efficacy of laparoscopic and open partial nephrectomy for XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity908 :: ('MESH:D003401', 'Chemical') :: ['creatine']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['renal cell carcinoma', 'small renal cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity811 :: ('MESH:D006417', 'Disease') :: ['hematuria']

entities_list: @entity703 :: ('MESH:D007680', 'Disease') :: ['renal carcinoma']

answer: @entity1358 :: (MESH:D002292,Disease) :: ['small renal cell carcinoma']


abstract: This report describes an invasive @entity189 with a rare distinctive feature characterized by sebaceous differentiation of @entity5 cells. This @entity5 occurred in a 10-year-old female mixed breed @entity235 . The @entity1 had two masses in the left fifth mammary gland. Grossly, the masses were firm, whitish to light brown, and superficially ulcerated. On cut surface, they were multilobulated with foci of @entity39 . Microscopically, the @entity5 were composed of two distinctive neoplastic components, @entity4937 and @entity189 . The regions of sebaceous @entity5 were clumped separately, contained well-developed sebaceous cells and keratinized epithelial cells, and were surrounded by few to several layers of basaloid cells. The cells with abundant foamy cytoplasm that resembled sebaceous cells were also found within the intraductal papillary-like nests of @entity189 , providing evidence of sebaceous @entity4648 . Sebaceous differentiation in a mammary gland @entity5 is possible, because skin appendages and ductal apparatus of the mammary gland share a common anlagen. This @entity5 had an aggressive behavior with lymphatic @entity3 . Consequentially, the @entity235 had a poor prognosis.

title: @entity189 with sebaceous differentiation in a XXXX .

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity4937 :: ('MESH:D000231', 'Disease') :: ['intraductal papillary adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['mammary carcinoma', 'sebaceous carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity4648 :: ('MESH:D008679', 'Disease') :: ['metaplasia']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['dog']


abstract: A 40-year-old @entity1 presented with a progressively growing left orbital mass producing proptosis. Orbital MRI revealed a large bilobed mass that was isointense with respect to the extraocular muscles on T1-weighted images and demonstrated heterogenous contrast enhancement. T2-weighted images revealed a markedly heterogenous internal appearance with fluid-fluid levels. The mass was completely excised in one piece. Histopathologically, the @entity5 consisted mostly of spindle-shaped @entity5 cells with elongated nuclei forming bundles without obvious mitosis. Richly cellular areas were consistent with the Antoni A pattern, and more @entity4 areas were consistent with the Antoni B pattern. @entity548 and cystic areas were seen within the @entity5 . The @entity5 cells stained diffusely positive with @entity2281 protein. Findings were consistent with the diagnosis of @entity2694 . Fluid-fluid levels are usually seen in some @entity3478 and soft tissue lesions. Fluid-fluid levels have previously been reported to occur in intracranial but not in @entity2694 . This case demonstrates that @entity2694 can also display fluid-fluid levels on MRI, which were thought to be due to intralesional @entity548 in this case.

title: XXXX with fluid-fluid levels on MRI.

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage', 'Hemorrhagic']

entities_list: @entity3478 :: ('MESH:D001859', 'Disease') :: ['vascular and bone tumors']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'encapsulated tumor']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['hypocellular edematous']

entities_list: @entity2694 :: ('MESH:D009916', 'Disease') :: ['orbital schwannoma', 'orbital schwannomas']

answer: @entity2694 :: (MESH:D009916,Disease) :: ['Orbital schwannoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In diabetics, although heel @entity1066 occurring after Achilles tendon lengthening for managing forefoot @entity1066 are rare, they are a very troublesome complication. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the results of @entity9058 tendon transfer for management of a @entity1411 as a sequelae of @entity1887 in @entity6 @entity1 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nine @entity6 @entity1 who underwent @entity9058 tendon transfer for treatment of @entity1411 for management of forefoot @entity1066 were treated between October 2005 and April 2007. All of the @entity1 had undergone Achilles tendon lengthening with Hoke's triple hemisection method. The mean age was 55.9 +/- 9.7 years old. The average duration of a @entity1411 was 11.9 +/- 3.8 months. The mean period of followup was 23.9 +/- 8.0 months. Between the occurrence of a heel ulcer and the @entity9058 transfer, five of the @entity1 underwent more than one attempt at direct Achilles tendon repair. The mean size of the wound was 1.2 +/- 0.6 cm2. We assessed the healing time of the @entity1411 and recurrence rates during followup periods. The complication rate and walking ability was also evaluated. RESULTS: All of the @entity1411 healed within 8 weeks after the operation and had not recurred as of the last followup. Two @entity1 had recurrences of previous forefoot @entity1066 . One @entity1 had a local @entity281 . All of @entity1 could walk without a brace or walking aid device after surgery. CONCLUSION: We believe that Achilles tendon reconstruction using an @entity9058 transfer for @entity1411 resulting from a triple Hoke lengthening of the Achilles tendon is a good treatment option for @entity6 @entity1 .

title: @entity9058 tendon transfer in diabetics for treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic']

entities_list: @entity1887 :: ('MESH:D000309', 'Disease') :: ['insufficiency of the Achilles tendon']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection in the FHL tendon transfer area']

entities_list: @entity1411 :: ('MESH:D016523', 'Disease') :: ['heel plantar ulcers', 'plantar heel ulcers', 'non-healing plantar heel ulcers', 'plantar heel ulcer', 'non-healing plantar heel ulcers due to insufficiency of the Achilles tendon']

answer: @entity1411 :: (MESH:D016523,Disease) :: ['non-healing plantar heel ulcers']


abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of intravenous (i.v.) immunoglobulin (Ig) for treatment of individuals experiencing failure after @entity52 ( @entity52 ) and embryo transfer. A total of 29 @entity1 with @entity249 who failed to become pregnant after @entity52 /embryo transfer were divided into two groups based on performance in previous @entity52 cycles: 16 @entity1 had fertilization of > or = 50% of oocytes retrieved and/or produced > or = 3 embryos each cycle and 13 had fertilization of < 50% of oocytes retrieved and/or produced < 3 embryos each cycle. Each @entity1 had received at least 12 transferred embryos (95th percentile for successful @entity52 @entity1 ) or had experienced two or more biochemical pregnancies without ultrasonic confirmation of implantation during previous @entity5044 . All @entity1 received i.v. Ig 500 mg/kg prior to the next embryo transfer. Only one of the 13 (8%) @entity1 with suboptimal fertilization and embryo yield became pregnant in the treatment cycle. Of 16 @entity1 who had previously had fertilization of at least 50% of oocytes retrieved and produced at least three embryos, nine (56%) became pregnant in the treatment cycle. The difference in pregnancy rates between the two groups is significant (P = 0.02). Intravenous Ig is useful in the treatment of unexplained @entity52 failure in @entity1 who have oocyte fertilization rates > or = 50% and generate at least three embryos per cycle.

title: Intravenous immunoglobulin for XXXX failure.

entities_list: @entity52 :: ('MESH:C566179', 'Disease') :: ['in-vitro fertilization', 'IVF']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'woman', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity249 :: ('MESH:D007246', 'Disease') :: ['unexplained infertility']

entities_list: @entity5044 :: ('OMIM:143470', 'Disease') :: ['IVF/embryo transfer attempts']

answer: @entity52 :: (MESH:C566179,Disease) :: ['in-vitro fertilization']


abstract: Long-Evans black-hooded @entity35 treated via stomach tube with 160,000 USP units of @entity7837 ( @entity904 ) in 0.5 ml Mazola @entity4336 oil on gestational days 15--19 deliver normal-sized litters with significantly decreased viability. @entity904 is known to effect the differentiation and to stimulate the growth of epithelial cells. Additionally, lung epithelia undergo marked morphologic and physiologic changes late in gestation. Thus the effects of @entity8853 on developing lung constitute an excellent system for the study of teratogenesis late in gestation. Non-hilar, right lower-lobe sections of lungs from the vehicle control and experimental groups, compared via quantitative light microscopy, revealed no significant difference in gross overall histologic appearance on any given day, either in the total number of airways present in the volume of lung sectioned or in the percent area of any individual airway occupied by cells or by lumen. The only significant difference was in the number of cells per square micrometer in that region of an airway occupied by cells. Additionally, there was a significant difference between the control and experimental mitotic indices on gestational days 18 and 19. Thus in the experimental group the number of cells lining the developing airways increases, while the absolute thickness of this cellular layer remains constant. @entity1579 ( @entity1579 ) fails to reveal any morphologic differences between control and treated type II pneumatocytes. The increased number of respiratory cells in what otherwise appears to be normal lung may create a diffusion-perfusion imbalance or other difficulties contributing to the heightened neonatal mortality resulting from teratogen exposure late in gestation.

title: Introduction of late gestational teratogenesis in XXXX lung by @entity8853 .

entities_list: @entity904 :: ('MESH:D014801', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin A', 'Vitamin A']

entities_list: @entity1579 :: ('MESH:D017096', 'Disease') :: ['TEM', 'Transmission electron microscopy']

entities_list: @entity8853 :: ('MESH:D006986', 'Disease') :: ['hypervitaminosis A']

entities_list: @entity7837 :: ('MESH:C009166', 'Chemical') :: ['retinyl acetate']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Suturing is the most widely used technique to close @entity2478 after transconjunctival sutureless vitrectomy ( @entity9100 ). However, with the aim of avoiding the disadvantages caused by conjunctival stitches, there have been described other closure techniques, such as the cauterization of the conjunctiva placed over the incisions. To continue advancing knowledge of the incisional occlusion effect achieved by conjunctival diathermy, it would be also interesting to study the wound closure resistance obtained under intraocular pressure (IOP) changes, given that in the early postoperative period eyes are subjected to pressure stress. In our study, we compare the mechanical resistance observed in sclerotomies treated with @entity162 after @entity9100 compared to that found in incisions in which cauterization was not performed. METHODS: This was an experimental, randomized, and observer-masked study in which 23-gauge @entity9100 was performed in 80 cadaveric @entity1707 eyes. Once each vitrectomy was finished, cauterization was performed with @entity162 forceps on the conjunctiva placed over one of the superior sclerotomy sites; no maneuver was performed over the other superior incision. IOP was gradually increased by means of the vitrectomy system (Accurus; Alcon Laboratories, TX) until one of the superior sclerotomies opened, allowing internal ocular solution to escape. RESULTS: In 35  % of cases (28 of 80 eyes), sclerotomies subjected to diathermy allowed intraocular fluid escape first (p   =   0.01). When comparing opening pressure values, cauterized incisions leaked at significantly higher pressure levels than those in which diathermy was not applied (p   <   0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Bipolar diathermy on sutureless sclerotomies has demonstrated to be, in our experimental model, an effective method for increasing the sclerotomy closure resistance. Although its use in vitrectomized eyes has previously been described, our study is the first to analyze the response of cauterized sclerotomies to IOP increases.

title: Evaluation of mechanical closure resistance of sutureless vitrectomy sclerotomies after conjunctival cauterization with XXXX forceps.

entities_list: @entity2478 :: ('MESH:D019559', 'Disease') :: ['leaking sclerotomies']

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['bipolar diathermy']

answer: @entity162 :: (MESH:D001714,Disease) :: ['bipolar diathermy']


abstract: Eighteen @entity1 with isolated chondral @entity174 of the knee were reviewed to reevaluate the clinical signs and symptoms. No other conditions had been present to account for the symptoms. Most of the @entity1 had significant injuries often involving a flexed knee. All @entity1 had had symptoms and physical findings strongly suggestive of @entity854 . Roentgenographic examinations were noncontributory. The lesions occurred in four distinct patterns. All were full thickness. Many of the lesions occurred on the posterior aspect of a femoral condyle, a location where they could be easily overlooked if the condyle were not examined with the knee in extreme flexion. Abutment of the tibial spine against the medial femoral condyle may be one cause of these injuries. The incidence of isolated chondral @entity174 was found to be higher than previously reported. A negative arthroscopic meniscal examination in a @entity1 with symptoms and physical findings suggestive of @entity854 should alert the physician to the possibility of an isolated chondral @entity174 .

title: Isolated chondral XXXX of the knee.

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['meniscal abnormality']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'fracture']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['fractures']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The use of an aortic patch containing the visceral and renal arteries is a well-established technique during @entity2334 ( @entity2334 ) repair. However, the retained aortic tissue may later become aneurysmal. We reviewed our @entity2334 repair experience using a presewn aortic branched graft to eliminate this risk. METHODS: Between March 2003 and December 2008, 52 @entity1 with Crawford extent II and III TAAAs had surgical repair using a presewn aortic branched graft. Postoperative computed tomography (CT) scans with intravenous contrast were available for 41 @entity1 (mean angiographic follow-up 2.3 years). The mean age of these 41 @entity1 was 59 +/- 16 years (range, 22-86), and 21 @entity1 were female (51%). The indications for surgery were degenerative @entity439 in 30 @entity1 (73%), type B dissections in 10 @entity1 (24%), and visceral patch @entity439 in 1 @entity1 (2.4%). Twenty-four @entity1 (59%) underwent repair of a Crawford extent II @entity2334 and 17 @entity1 (41%) had extent III @entity2334 repair. RESULTS: Patency of the branches to the visceral and renal arteries at 1 and 5 years was 100% and 98%, respectively. Of the 148 graft branches, 2 became occluded and 4 developed @entity850 (2 @entity1 ). One @entity1 required percutaneous stenting of 3 stenosed branches, and 1 @entity1 died after acute occlusion of 2 branches and @entity850 of a third. During the follow-up period that extended to 6.3 years, there were 10 late deaths. Six @entity1 required reoperation on the aortic graft or contiguous aorta, but no reoperations have been required on the visceral abdominal aorta or its branches. CONCLUSION: The use of a presewn aortic branched graft is a safe and suitable option for @entity2334 repair. With midterm follow-up, this technique seems to eliminate the risk of visceral patch @entity439 and results in favorable durability and patency.

title: Patency and durability of presewn multiple branched graft for XXXX repair.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2334 :: ('MESH:D017545', 'Disease') :: ['thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm', 'TAAA']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms', 'aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

answer: @entity2334 :: (MESH:D017545,Disease) :: ['thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm']


abstract: CONTEXT: The role of lymph node dissection (LND) in @entity1 treated with radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) for upper tract @entity5 (UTUC) is still controversial. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the impact of lymph node invasion on the outcome of @entity1 , the staging, and the possible therapeutic role of LND in UTUC. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: A Medline search was conducted to identify original articles, review articles, and editorials addressing the role of LND in UTUC. Keywords included upper tract urothelial neoplasms, lymphadenectomy, lymph node excision, lymphatic metastases, nephroureterectomy, imaging, and survival. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: Regional nodes are frequently involved in UTUC and represent the most common metastatic site. Regional nodal status is a significant predictor of @entity1 outcomes, especially in invasive disease. Therefore, select @entity1 treated with RNU at high risk for regional nodal metastases should undergo LND to improve disease staging, which would identify those who could benefit from adjuvant systemic therapy. Several retrospective studies suggested the potential therapeutic role of LND in UTUC. An accurate LND could remove some nodal micrometastases not identified on routine pathologic examination, thus improving local control and @entity5 -specific survival. Radical surgery and LND might be curative in a subpopulation with limited nodal disease, as described in @entity150 . A clear knowledge of the limits of LND and a template of LND for UTUC are still needed. CONCLUSIONS: An extended LND can provide better disease staging and may be curative in @entity1 with limited nodal disease. However, current evidence is based on retrospective studies, which limits the ability to standardize either the indication or the extent of LND. Prospective trials are required to determine the impact of LND on survival in @entity1 with UTUC and identify @entity1 for a risk-adapted approach such as close follow-up or adjuvant chemotherapy.

title: Lymphadenectomy at the time of nephroureterectomy for upper tract XXXX .

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'urothelial cancer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['urothelial cancer']


abstract: Only a limited number of studies dealing with the epidemiology and therapy of @entity2417 ( @entity2417 ) are available. The treatment strategies are poorly defined and not well evaluated. The aim of our present study was to treat selected @entity2417 @entity1 with low dose @entity3791 (ACET) for a longer time period than has been done before. Previous studies were performed with high dose ACET provoking severe @entity520 , not for more than 1 wk or only in obstructive @entity386 @entity1 . Referred @entity1 with suspicion of @entity387 ( @entity387 ) were included in the study if, after a first selection night, their central @entity386 index (CAI) was > 5 or their @entity386 - @entity387 index (AHI) > 10 and their obstructive @entity386 index (OAI) < 5. Of 327 screened @entity1 , 14 (4.3%) fulfilled these criteria. @entity1 were then treated with ACET (250 mg, 1 h before sleep): Polysomnography was repeated once after one single dose (N2) and twice after 1-mo chronic treatment without (N3) and with (N4) additional ACET administration. After each study night, arterial blood gases and chemical drive were measured. CAI (25.5 +/- 6.8 at N1) already decreased during N2 (13.8 +/- 5.2) and further during N3 (6.6 +/- 2.9) and N4 (6.8 +/- 2.8) p < 0.01). OAI remained unchanged. @entity25 ( @entity25 ) and sleep efficiency index (SEI) did not change significantly. The number of arousals decreased from 62 +/- 11 at N1 to 40 +/- 5 at N3 (p = 0.019).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Central @entity386 index decreases after prolonged treatment with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2417 :: ('MESH:D020182', 'Disease') :: ['CA', 'central sleep apnea syndrome']

entities_list: @entity387 :: ('MESH:D012891', 'Disease') :: ['hypopnea', 'SRBD', 'sleep-related breathing disorders']

entities_list: @entity3791 :: ('MESH:D000086', 'Chemical') :: ['acetazolamide']

entities_list: @entity520 :: ('MESH:D000138', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic acidosis']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['TST', 'Total sleep time']

answer: @entity3791 :: (MESH:D000086,Chemical) :: ['acetazolamide']


abstract: The use of microdialysis to study the binding of @entity1092 ( @entity2052 ) to plasma proteins was evaluated in @entity95 . Prior to an in vivo microdialysis, in vitro relative recovery of @entity2052 respectively from Ringer's solution, 5% (w/v) of albumin solution and plasma sample via a microdialysis probe was examined. The in vitro relative recovery was defined as a ratio of the @entity2052 concentration determined in the dialysate to the free @entity2052 concentration in the sample solution surrounding the membrane of the microdialysis probe. When the sample solution was well stirred at 700 rpm and maintained at 37 degrees C, the in vitro relative recovery of @entity2052 was significantly different among them. It increased in the order of Ringer's solution (34.3 +/- 2.6%) > 5% (w/v) of albumin solution (25.7 +/- 4.6%) > @entity95 plasma sample (15.8 +/- 1.2%). Thereafter, pharmacokinetics of @entity2052 was determined using both microdialysis sampling via the @entity95 femoral vein and collection of whole blood via the @entity95 ear vein after intravenous administration of @entity2052 at a dose of 43 mg/kg. Free concentrations of @entity2052 in plasma were determined by ultrafiltration method as opposed to microdialysis method. There was no difference in the elimination half-life of @entity2052 determined by microdialysis, 1.09 +/- 0.22 h, or ultrafiltration, 1.22 +/- 0.21 h. The AUC of @entity2052 in dialysate was 15 +/- 4 micrograms.h/ml, which corresponded to 15% of that in ultrafiltrate (103 +/- 17 micrograms.h/ml). The value was in good agreement with the in vitro relative recovery of @entity2052 from plasma sample (15.8 +/- 1.2%).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: In vivo microdialysis for pharmacokinetic investigations: a plasma protein binding study of @entity1092 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1092 :: ('MESH:D014635', 'Chemical') :: ['valproate']

entities_list: @entity95 :: ('9986', 'Species') :: ['rabbit', 'rabbits']

answer: @entity95 :: (9986,Species) :: ['rabbits']


abstract: @entity32 in the lung is characteristic of @entity56 . This inflammatory process is inhibited by treatment with glucocorticoids. One of the cell types involved in the inflammatory process, the monocyte, is found in enhanced numbers in mucosal lung biopsies of @entity748 @entity1 . Little is known about the mechanisms that lead to increased numbers of monocytes in lung tissue. We studied one of the processes involved, chemotaxis, in a modified Boyden Chamber assay. The effect of the antiinflammatory drug @entity619 was tested on monocyte chemotactic responses to complement fragment @entity2242 . @entity1 monocytes from peripheral blood of normal @entity1 volunteers were purified by centrifugal elutriation. The monocytes showed a reproducible chemotactic response toward @entity2242 with an optimum at a concentration of 10(-9) M. After culture of the monocytes overnight, the monocyte responses were clearly impaired. It is interesting that upon culture, @entity619 increased monocyte chemotaxis in a dose-dependent manner. Analysis of the filters with an image analyzer showed that the effect was not through modulation of a subpopulation of monocytes. This @entity134 effect was specific and modulated via @entity134 receptors, because the introduction of @entity3927 , a @entity134 receptor antagonist, completely inhibited the effect of @entity619 . These findings are a further illustration of the complex mechanisms involved in the orchestration of the inflammatory response in @entity565 .

title: @entity2242 -induced migration of XXXX monocytes is primed by @entity619 .

entities_list: @entity748 :: ('MESH:D013224', 'Disease') :: ['asthmatic']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['Allergic inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'Human']

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['dexamethasone']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic asthma']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: In normal and molar pregnancy, non-villous trophoblasts which exist in the placental bed are thought to be difficult to be distinguished morphologically from the surrounding maternal cells. We examined the reactivities of two monoclonal antibodies (Troma 1 and CAM 5.2) by an immunoperoxidase technique and analyzed their usefulness as histological trophoblast markers. Materials were taken from 41 uteri of normal pregnancy, 7 uteri of hydatidiform mole, 2 uterine @entity7132 , 1 tubal tissue of @entity7132 and 5 non-gestational uteri. The reactivity of Troma 1 was observed on frozen sections and paraffin sections were employed in the analysis of CAM 5.2. The reactivities of these antibodies were the same. In nongestational tissue, they reacted with @entity1478 and endometrial covering epithelia. In placental bed of normal pregnancy, they reacted with villous and non-villous trophoblasts, besides @entity1478 . In molar sections, they reacted with gland epithelia, villous trophoblasts and also non-villous trophoblasts which proliferated towards maternal tissue. In @entity1466 , they reacted with @entity189 cells specifically. Since @entity1478 are easily identified histologically, it was concluded that these antibodies could work as histological trophoblast markers in normal pregnancy and @entity1469 .

title: [Reactivity of two monoclonal antibodies (Troma 1 and CAM 5.2) on tissue sections--as a histological trophoblast marker in normal pregnancy and XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity7132 :: ('MESH:D031954', 'Disease') :: ['non-gestational choriocarcinoma', 'gestational choriocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1466 :: ('MESH:D002822', 'Disease') :: ['choriocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1469 :: ('MESH:D031901', 'Disease') :: ['trophoblastic disease']

entities_list: @entity1478 :: ('MESH:D014591', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial gland epithelia']

answer: @entity1469 :: (MESH:D031901,Disease) :: ['trophoblastic disease']


abstract: In Bangladesh, the total population at risk for @entity234 exceeds 20 million (18%) living in 88 Thana (19%) of 27 districts (42%). A confirmatory diagnosis of @entity234 ( @entity234 ) is done by demonstration of the parasite (LD body) in organ aspirates or tissue biopsy sample, an invasive procedure with relatively low sensitivity. To assess the diagnostic usefulness of @entity5835 for antibody against the leishmanial antigen @entity15277 _ its feasibility for use under field conditions (rural areas). An experimental study conducted during January, 2003 to July, 2003 in pediatrics department of MMCH including 60 confirmedly diagnosed KA cases _ 60 controls having diseases other than KA. One drop of peripheral blood is applied to the nitrocellulose strip _ 3 drops of test buffer is added to the dried blood. Observing 2 visible bands indicates presence of IgG anti- @entity15277 . The @entity15277 strip test was positive in 57 out of 60 confirmed KA case diagnosed by LD body demonstration in splenic or bone marrow aspirate. The estimated sensitivity was 95%. One control diagnosed as other than KA had positive strip test but negative aspirate smear. The estimated specificity of the strip test was 98.3%. The predictive value of a positive result is 98.3% _ that of a negative result is 93.5%. @entity15277 strip test is highly sensitive _ specific in our situation _ it can be used as a simple _ the best method for diagnosis of KA in rural areas.

title: Sensitivity, specificity and predictive values of immunochromatographic strip test in diagnosis of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity234 :: ('MESH:D007898', 'Disease') :: ['kala-azar', 'visceral leishmaniasis']

answer: @entity234 :: (MESH:D007898,Disease) :: ['childhood kala-azar']


abstract: RATIONALE: @entity599 mustard (SM) is a frequently used chemical warfare agent, even in modern history. SM inhalation causes significant @entity11127 , with early complications due to airway obstructive bronchial casts, akin to those seen after @entity9927 and in single-ventricle physiology. This process with SM is poorly understood because animal models are unavailable. OBJECTIVES: To develop a @entity35 inhalation model for @entity1224 with the SM analog @entity24219 ( @entity24219 ), and to investigate the pathogenesis of bronchial cast formation. METHODS: Adult @entity35 were exposed to 0, 5, or 7.5% CEES in @entity1068 via nose-only aerosol inhalation (15 min). Airway microdissection and confocal microscopy were used to assess cast formation (4 and 18 h after exposure). Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) retrieval and intravascular dye injection were done to evaluate vascular permeability. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Bronchial casts, composed of abundant fibrin and lacking mucus, occluded dependent lobar bronchi within 18 hours of CEES exposure. BALF contained elevated concentrations of IgM, protein, and fibrin. Accumulation of fibrin-rich fluid in peribronchovascular regions (4 h) preceded cast formation. Monastral blue dye leakage identified bronchial vessels as the site of leakage. CONCLUSIONS: After CEES inhalation, increased permeability from damaged bronchial vessels underlying damaged airway epithelium leads to the appearance of plasma proteins in both peribronchovascular regions and BALF. The subsequent formation of fibrin-rich casts within the airways then leads to @entity1224 , causing significant morbidity and mortality acutely after exposure.

title: XXXX due to bronchial vascular injury after @entity599 mustard analog inhalation.

entities_list: @entity11127 :: ('MESH:D012140', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory tract injury']

entities_list: @entity24219 :: ('MESH:C031278', 'Chemical') :: ['CEES', '2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide']

entities_list: @entity9927 :: ('MESH:D015208', 'Disease') :: ['smoke inhalation']

entities_list: @entity1224 :: ('MESH:D000402', 'Disease') :: ['airways obstruction', 'airway obstruction']

answer: @entity1224 :: (MESH:D000402,Disease) :: ['Airway obstruction']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Quality improvement (QI) programs for @entity308 can improve outcomes of care and reduce outcome disparities; but cumulative effects on mental health outcome disparities have seldom been evaluated. OBJECTIVE: To estimate cumulative effects over many years of short-term QI programs for @entity308 in primary care on mental health outcome disparities, and to develop an interpretation for annualized, cumulative mental health outcome scores. DESIGN: : We conducted a group-level, randomized controlled trial in 6 US healthcare organizations. The QI programs supported provider and @entity1 education in @entity308 treatment and resources for medication management (QI-Meds) or access to evidence-based psychotherapy (QI-Therapy). Sites were selected to oversample minorities. @entity1 : Results were extrapolated to 1188 initially enrolled and living @entity1 @entity308 at baseline. MAIN OUTCOME: Psychologic well-being (MHI-5) estimated as cumulative outcomes and outcome disparities (minority-whites) over 9 years, and annualized. RESULTS: Across analyses there was a significant interaction of intervention status and ethnicity [lowest F(2,160) = 4.96, P = 0.008]. QI-therapy improved cumulative outcomes among minorities (mean, 37.92-44.29 MHI-5 points) and reduced outcome disparities for the whole sample relative to usual care (UC) (by mean, 39.44-59.01 MHI-5 points) and relative to QI-Meds (by mean, 53.90-74.41 MHI-5 points), lowest t(103) = 3.12, P = 0.002. By comparison, UC @entity1 who lost a loved one in the year after baseline had lower psychologic well being by 6.18 MHI-5 scale points compared with similar UC @entity1 without such a loss [t(15)=2.52, P = 0.02]. CONCLUSIONS: QI programs incorporating support for evidence-based psychotherapy offer an approach to substantially reduce cumulative outcome disparities for @entity308 primary care @entity1 .

title: The cumulative effects of quality improvement for XXXX on outcome disparities over 9 years: results from a randomized, controlled group-level trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressed', 'depression']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['depression']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Because only a limited proportion of @entity5513 display growth after diagnosis, an increasing number of @entity1 are managed conservatively. @entity5 growth during "wait and scan" may, however, necessitate surgery. In these cases, increased @entity5 size is likely to increase the risk of @entity73 after surgery. OBJECTIVE: To compare @entity2103 in @entity1 operated on soon after diagnosis with @entity1 allocated to conservative management and the subgroup of these who later had surgery because of @entity5 growth. METHODS: A total of 1378 consecutive @entity1 diagnosed with a @entity5513 20 mm extrameatal or smaller were included; 419 @entity1 were operated on soon after diagnosis, and 959 @entity1 were initially managed conservatively. In the latter group, 161 @entity1 were subsequently operated on owing to @entity5 growth. RESULTS: All conservatively managed @entity1 had normal @entity2103 at the end of observation. Good facial nerve outcome was found in 87% of @entity1 operated on at diagnosis and in 84% of @entity1 operated on after established @entity5 growth. For the subgroup of small extrameatal @entity5 , this difference was significant. When all @entity1 allocated primarily to conservative management were pooled, good facial function was found in 97%, which was significantly better than the result for primary operation (87%). CONCLUSION: Overall, conservative management of small to medium-sized @entity5513 is the best option in terms of preservation of @entity2103 . @entity5 growth during observation is found in only a minor proportion of the @entity1 , and in these cases, surgery or irradiation should be performed immediately.

title: XXXX after @entity5513 surgery following failed conservative management.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5513 :: ('MESH:D009464', 'Disease') :: ['vestibular schwannomas', 'vestibular schwannoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['impaired facial nerve function']

entities_list: @entity2103 :: ('MESH:D005155', 'Disease') :: ['facial nerve function']

answer: @entity2103 :: (MESH:D005155,Disease) :: ['Facial nerve function']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: e11502 Background: The combination of B with P as first-line treatment for @entity1 (pts) with @entity1722 -ve mBC showed clinical benefits in terms of progression-free survival (PFS) and objective response rate (ORR) without an effect on @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ). This Italian multicenter retrospective study wanted to evaluate the first-line B plus P in term of efficacy and safety in routine oncology practice. METHODS: A total of 96 female pts with @entity1722 -ve mBC, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0 to 1, received B 10 mg/Kg every 2 weeks or 15 mg/Kg every 3 weeks combined with P. PFS and @entity1349 were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared with log-rank test. Chi-square test was employed for comparison of proportion. RESULTS: Pts characteristics included: median age 56.8 years; >= 3 sites of lesion 11.5%; previous (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy (CT) 83.4% ( @entity3907 -based CT 27.1%). After a median follow-up of 9.6 months, 51 pts progressed and 17 died. 46 pts (48.9% of evaluable pts) attained a disease response: 13 complete responses and 33 partial responses. Median PFS and @entity1349 were 9.5 and 22.7 months, respectively. >= 3 sites of lesion were associated with a significant worse PFS (p=0.02) and @entity1349 (p=0.03). No associations were found with clinical end-points based on biological variables (ER, Ki-67) stratification. Previous treatment in neo(adjuvant) setting with @entity3907 -based regimens had a significant less chance to obtain disease response (p=0.002), and worse PFS (p=0.009) and @entity1349 (p=0.04). The majority of adverse events (AEs) were mild or moderate. Grade >= 3 AEs included @entity101 (2.1%), @entity1398 (1.0%), @entity1031 events (1.0%) and @entity344 (1.0%). The occurrence of @entity101 (all grades) was significantly associated with better ORR (76.5% vs 42.8%; p=0.01) and with a trend (not significant) of better PFS (p=0.08). CONCLUSIONS: The efficacy and safety data of B plus P collected in this study were consistent with results from first-line trials. Pre-treatment in (neo)adjuvant setting with @entity3907 was associated with a worse prognosis. We also confirmed @entity101 as significant predictor of B activity.

title: First-line bevacizumab (B) plus paclitaxel (P) in XXXX -negative ( @entity1722 -ve) metastatic breast cancer (mBC): Efficacy and safety in an Italian multicenter retrospective study.

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal perforation']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['thromboembolic']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity1722 :: (2064,Gene) :: ['HER2']


abstract: @entity910 ( @entity910 ) is an important unit for evaluating and planning of care services. The goal of this study is evaluating the performance of the @entity910 ( @entity910 ) of the selected hospitals in Isfahan, Iran by using @entity1650 ( @entity1650 ). This was an analytic of cross-sectional study that was done in spring 2008 in Isfahan, Iran. The statistical population consisted of @entity910 of Alzahra, Kashani and Khorshid Hospitals in Isfahan. Data were collected by forms and through brainstorm technique. To analyze and perform @entity1650 , Expert Choice software was used by researchers. Results were showed archiving unit has received the largest importance weight with respect to information management. However, on customer aspect admission unit has received the largest weight. Ordering weights of @entity910 ' Alzahra, Kashani and Khorshid Hospitals in Isfahan were with 0.394, 0.342 and 0.264 respectively. It is useful for managers to allocate and prioritize resources according to @entity1650 technique for ranking at the @entity910 .

title: Performance evaluation of medical records departments by @entity1650 ( XXXX ) approach in the selected hospitals in Isfahan : medical records dep. _ @entity1650 .

entities_list: @entity1650 :: ('MESH:D001308', 'Disease') :: ['AHP', 'Analytical Hierarchy Process']

entities_list: @entity910 :: ('MESH:D004409', 'Disease') :: ['Medical Records Department', 'MRDs', 'MRD', 'Medical Records Departments']

answer: @entity1650 :: (MESH:D001308,Disease) :: ['AHP']


abstract: Motor symptoms including neurological soft signs have been found to be more prevalent in @entity161 @entity1 . In addition, @entity2437 symptoms and neuroleptic treatment as well may influence cortical and subcortical motor organization in @entity161 . The results of previous neuroimaging studies exploring motor function in @entity1 with @entity161 are inhomogenous reporting on a decreased activity in cortical motor regions in some studies and normal activity in others. Using fMRI, we studied 40 subjects performing a unilateral self-paced fingertapping task. Analyzing a general linear model of four groups, we compared @entity1 with @entity161 according to DSM-IV treated with @entity1037 (OL; 10) or @entity1767 (HA; 10) to healthy controls (HC; 10) and untreated @entity1 (UN; 10). Brainvoyager software was used for data analyzing. In all groups, the contralateral motor cortex was significantly activated. Significant activation of the ipsilateral cerebellum was found in the UN group, the control group and the OL group. The contralateral basal ganglia were activated in UN and in controls. Motor-induced cortical and subcortical brain activation in HC was significantly higher than in @entity1 with @entity161 . UN with @entity161 showed a significant overactivation than the other groups. In conclusion, we revealed a diminished activation in the @entity1 group treated with neuroleptic drugs. This study outlines the importance of further fMRI studies to investigate interindividual activation differences under different conditions especially focusing on basal ganglia.

title: Motor-induced brain activation in cortical, subcortical and cerebellar regions in XXXX inpatients. A whole brain fMRI fingertapping study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2437 :: ('MESH:D012560', 'Disease') :: ['catatonic']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenic', 'schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity1767 :: ('MESH:D006220', 'Chemical') :: ['haloperidol']

entities_list: @entity1037 :: ('MESH:C076029', 'Chemical') :: ['olanzapine']

answer: @entity161 :: (MESH:D012559,Disease) :: ['schizophrenic']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The @entity1319 ( @entity1319 ) is a popular visual-verbal saccade test. An advantage of the @entity1319 is that @entity1 with below-average verbalization or automaticity can be distinguished from @entity1 with eye movement coordination problems. The standardized norms for the @entity1319 were previously determined in a sample of suburban and urban @entity1 with expected age to grade levels. We hypothesize that language difficulties common in some minority groups would be reflected by subnormal @entity1319 automaticity but not eye @entity717 . METHODS: A group of @entity1 in the U.S. Department of Education's Massachusetts Migrant Summer Education Program were prospectively studied with the @entity1319 . The sample included 84 subjects (age 7-12) from various ethnic and educational backgrounds. RESULTS: Significant difference was found for most age levels in automaticity in migrant @entity1 compared to the @entity1319 norms (independent t tests p < 0.05 @entity1319 vertical and horizontal). However, few @entity1319 was found (p > 0.05 @entity1319 ratios and errors). CONCLUSIONS: The data supports the hypothesis that language barriers inherent in this population are reflected by lower automaticity, but not eye @entity717 , as measured by the @entity1319 . The results are important for optometrists because they demonstrate the importance of taking language and cognitive development into account before diagnosing eye @entity717 in culturally different @entity1 .

title: Eye XXXX vs. language delays in migrant @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['movement dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1319 :: ('MESH:D015835', 'Disease') :: ['Developmental Eye Movement Test', 'DEM', 'differences in eye movement coordination']

answer: @entity717 :: (MESH:D009069,Disease) :: ['movement dysfunction']


abstract: Associations between @entity263 and dietary factors, physical activity and smoking were assessed based on data from a population-based case-control study. The study was conducted among residents of northeastern Ontario. Cases were identified from the Ontario @entity5 Registry and diagnosed between 1995 and 1998 at ages 50 to 84 years (N=752). Male controls were identified from telephone listings and were frequency matched to cases on age (N=1,613). Logistic regression analyses investigated history of diet, physical activity and smoking as potential risk factors. @entity523 intake had a significant positive association with @entity263 risk for highest versus lowest quartiles (OR=1.6; 95 percent CI: 1.2-2.0). Associations were observed for @entity523 or vegetable juices and ketchup (OR=1.5; 95 percent CI: 1.2-1.9; OR=1.2; 95 percent CI: 1.0-1.5, respectively). Neither other dietary variables nor smoking were associated with @entity263 risk. Strenuous physical activity by @entity1 in their early 50s was associated with reduced risk (OR=0.8; 95 percent CI: 0.6-0.9). While the recreational physical activity association was consistent with results from previous studies, the @entity523 products association was not.

title: XXXX risk and diet, recreational physical activity and cigarette smoking.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cancer']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['Prostate cancer']


abstract: AIM: Colonoscopy to detect and remove @entity1127 has contributed to a reduction in @entity14 . Three-year follow up is recommended for @entity1 considered to be at high risk (at least three @entity652 , @entity652 >=  1 cm, villous or high-grade features). Our study focused on @entity1 diagnosed with @entity1893 with regard to initial management and follow up. METHOD: A search of @entity1 who had had endoscopic removal of a high-grade @entity652 was carried out. @entity1 with the following were excluded: follow up of < 1 year, @entity1412 syndromes, prior @entity694 and a diagnosis of @entity420 within 6 months following initial diagnosis. RESULTS: Eighty-three @entity1 treated between 1999 and 2007 for @entity1893 ( @entity1893 ) in a @entity2513 were identified. Over a median follow-up period of 4 years, 53 (64%) developed further @entity6523 . Among these, 7% had an @entity652 with @entity1893 or an @entity420 . In all these @entity1 , the initial high-grade @entity652 was > 1 cm in diameter. Initial follow-up colonoscopy was performed on average 7 months following the initial diagnosis. Ten per cent of @entity1 underwent prophylactic segmental resection, and 6% received argon laser therapy. CONCLUSION: The study demonstrates that @entity1 who have a @entity2513 > 1 cm with @entity1893 may be at high risk of developing further @entity652 with @entity1893 or @entity189 . Close follow up is warranted.

title: Prognostic significance of @entity1893 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1412 :: ('MESH:D011125', 'Disease') :: ['polyposis']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity6523 :: ('MESH:D018256', 'Disease') :: ['adenomatous polyps']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ['HGD', 'high-grade dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['adenomas', 'adenoma']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon cancer']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity2513 :: ('MESH:C563365', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal adenoma']

answer: @entity2513 :: (MESH:C563365,Disease) :: ['colorectal adenomas']


abstract: Manipulations of D1- or D2- @entity935 receptors have differential and selective effects on the striatonigral and striatopallidal output pathways of the striatum, respectively. However, combined stimulation of these receptors produces synergistic responses. To examine the locus of this interaction in vivo, we infused D1- or D2-receptor agents into the striatum of freely moving, @entity935 -depleted @entity35 given systemic injections of the D1 agonist @entity2344 and the D2 agonist @entity11640 . Expression of the immediate early genes @entity11970 and @entity5019 , as determined by in situ hybridization histochemistry, was used as a measure of changes in the function of striatal neurons. Systemic administration of @entity2344 produced a dose-dependent increase in the expression of immediate early genes in the @entity935 -depleted striatum. @entity11640 , on the other hand, decreased the basal expression of @entity11970 in both the lesioned and intact striatum. However, combined administration of @entity11640 with @entity2344 significantly enhanced immediate early gene expression in the @entity935 -depleted striatum relative to that seen with @entity2344 alone. Intrastriatal infusion of @entity2344 produced a concentration-dependent increase in immediate early gene expression in the striatum. Furthermore, intrastriatal application of the D1-receptor antagonist @entity10095 blocked the induction of immediate early genes by @entity2344 given systemically either alone or with @entity11640 . The induction of immediate early genes by co-administration of @entity2344 and @entity11640 was also significantly attenuated by intrastriatal administration of the D2-receptor antagonist @entity12174 . These data show that D1-D2 synergy is operative in the @entity935 -depleted striatum, is reflected in increases in the expression of the immediate early genes @entity11970 and @entity5019 , and is a consequence of activation of both D1 and D2 receptors within the striatum rather than in extrastriatal sites. The data further suggest that the enhanced induction of immediate early genes in the @entity935 -depleted striatum of @entity35 receiving @entity2344 with @entity11640 reflects a D2-mediated potentiation of a D1-dependent process.

title: D1-D2 XXXX receptor synergy in striatum: effects of intrastriatal infusions of @entity935 agonists and antagonists on immediate early gene expression.

entities_list: @entity11640 :: ('MESH:D019257', 'Chemical') :: ['quinpirole', 'Quinpirole']

entities_list: @entity12174 :: ('MESH:C045989', 'Chemical') :: ['eticlopride']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

answer: @entity935 :: (MESH:D004298,Chemical) :: ['dopamine']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Our study aimed to determine the efficacy and safety of @entity3273 in the treatment of @entity2489 ( @entity2489 ) caused by pan-drug-resistant @entity796 or @entity3064 . DESIGN: Pairwise, retrospective exposed-unexposed study. SETTING: Combined medical and surgical intensive care unit of Habib Bourguiba University Hospital (Sfax, Tunisia). @entity1 : Sixty @entity1 with @entity2489 caused by pan-drug-resistant A. baumanii or @entity796 matched to 60 controls with @entity2489 caused by A. baumanii or @entity796 susceptible to @entity2892 . All @entity1 had normal renal function at the onset of antibiotic therapy. INTERVENTIONS: Case @entity1 were treated by @entity3273 intravenously and control @entity1 were treated by @entity2892 intravenously. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: Baseline characteristics were similar between the @entity3273 and @entity2892 groups. The mean duration of antibiotic therapy for @entity2489 was 9.5+/-3.8 days (range 5-22 days) with @entity3273 and 8.9+/-2.8 days (range 5-20 days) with @entity2892 (p=0.32). A favorable clinical response to antibiotic therapy for @entity2489 occurred in 45 @entity1 (75%) in the @entity3273 group and in 43 @entity1 (71.7%) in the @entity2892 group (p=0.68). The time to resolution of infectious parameters after the initiation of antibiotic therapy was not statistically different between the two groups. During the antibiotic course, none of the @entity1 in either group developed @entity177 . CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that @entity3273 can be a safe and effective option in the treatments of @entity2489 caused by pan-drug-resistant @entity796 or A. baumanii.

title: Safety and efficacy of @entity3273 compared with XXXX in the treatment of @entity2489 : a matched case-control study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity2892 :: ('MESH:D015378', 'Chemical') :: ['imipenem']

entities_list: @entity3273 :: ('MESH:D003091', 'Chemical') :: ['colistin']

entities_list: @entity796 :: ('287', 'Species') :: ['Pseudomonas aeruginosa', 'P. aeruginosa']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity2489 :: ('MESH:D053717', 'Disease') :: ['ventilator-associated pneumonia', 'VAP']

entities_list: @entity3064 :: ('470', 'Species') :: ['Acinetobacter baumanii']

answer: @entity2892 :: (MESH:D015378,Chemical) :: ['imipenem']


abstract: When avian influenza viruses (AIVs) are transmitted from their reservoir hosts (wild waterfowl and shorebirds) to domestic bird species, they undergo genetic changes that have been linked to higher virulence and broader host range. Common genetic AIV modifications in viral proteins of poultry isolates are deletions in the stalk region of the @entity689 (NA) and additions of glycosylation sites on the hemagglutinin (HA). Even though these NA deletion mutations occur in several AIV subtypes, they have not been analyzed comprehensively. In this study, 4,920 NA @entity377 sequences, 5,596 HA @entity377 and 4,702 HA @entity535 sequences were analyzed to elucidate the widespread emergence of NA stalk deletions in gallinaceous hosts, the genetic polymorphism of the deletion patterns and association between the stalk deletions in NA and @entity535 variants in HA. Forty-seven different NA stalk deletion patterns were identified in six NA subtypes, N1-N3 and N5-N7. An analysis that controlled for phylogenetic dependence due to shared ancestry showed that NA stalk deletions are statistically correlated with gallinaceous hosts and certain @entity535 features on the HA protein. Those HA features included five glycosylation sites, one insertion and one deletion. The correlations between NA stalk deletions and HA features are HA-NA-subtype-specific. Our results demonstrate that stalk deletions in the NA proteins of AIV are relatively common. Understanding the NA stalk deletion and related HA features may be important for vaccine and drug development and could be useful in establishing effective early detection and warning systems for the poultry industry.

title: Emergence and genetic variation of XXXX stalk deletions in avian influenza viruses.

entities_list: @entity689 :: ('4758', 'Gene') :: ['neuraminidase']

entities_list: @entity377 :: ('CHEBI:36976', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotide']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

answer: @entity689 :: (4758,Gene) :: ['neuraminidase']


abstract: Our objective was to determine the effect of progestin-only contraceptives on metabolic parameters, @entity548 patterns, and weight changes during the first year of use. Seventy-one @entity1 (> 95% Caucasian), who were advised regarding contraception alternatives, self-selected levonorgestrel implants (n = 44), @entity11796 (n = 22), or oral @entity8098 (n = 5). One year later, 11 levonorgestrel implant and five @entity11796 @entity1 were randomly selected to compare (pre- and post-progestin use) levels of @entity165 , @entity1674 , low density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), apolipoproteins A-1 and B-100, @entity648 , and @entity443 . Monthly @entity548 and spotting records were kept in each group. Body weights were also monitored in each group. No statistically significant differences in metabolic parameters were found between pre- and post-progestin use in the levonorgestrel implant and @entity11796 groups. Continued @entity548 patterns were more prominent in the levonorgestrel implant and oral @entity8098 groups than in @entity1 receiving @entity11796 . No significant @entity1017 was detected in any group. No changes in metabolic parameters or weight were noted over the one year of use of levonorgestrel implants or @entity11796 . @entity11796 had the highest incidence of @entity2588 .

title: Metabolic parameter, @entity548 , and weight changes in U.S. XXXX using progestin only contraceptives.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity8098 :: ('MESH:D009640', 'Chemical') :: ['norethindrone']

entities_list: @entity11796 :: ('MESH:D017258', 'Chemical') :: ['depo-medroxyprogesterone acetate', 'depomedroxyprogesterone acetate', 'Depo-medroxyprogesterone acetate']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity648 :: ('MESH:D001663', 'Chemical') :: ['bilirubin']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['weight gain']

entities_list: @entity2588 :: ('MESH:D000568', 'Disease') :: ['amenorrhea']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

entities_list: @entity443 :: ('6462', 'Gene') :: ['sex hormone binding globulin']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity173 represent a major health and social burden. To date, there are no reports regarding mortality and factors that influence outcomes after @entity173 in Romania. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The electronic database of the largest healthcare provider in the western part of the country was searched for @entity173 admissions between 2008 and 2012. Inclusion criteria were age over 55 and the diagnosis of intra or extracapsular @entity174 , corresponding to ICD-10  S72.0 and S72.1 codes, respectively. RESULTS: A total of 1,866 @entity1 met the criteria and were selected for data analysis. The gain in rates and crude numbers was caused mainly by a rise of @entity174 in males. The opposite is seen for the female-to-male ratio. Even though the mean age steadily increased for a total of 1.5 over a five-year period the @entity1 are still younger than the European averages, which might explain the slightly better one-year survival. The age-gender adjusted @entity173 incidence increased dramatically with age, especially in @entity1 . The relative risk of dying in the first year is 1.359 times higher if the @entity174 is extracapsular (95  % CI 1.12-1.65). In total, 21.1  % of all @entity1 die by one  year after the @entity174 . This was drastically reduced for the following years. The survival function is significantly dependent on age group, level of @entity174 and time from hospital admission until surgery (p   <   0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Increased age, extracapsular @entity174 and delayed surgery have worse outcomes. Regarding gender, even if not significant at the 0.05 level, probability of survival for females is higher for all time intervals. Updated, regional studies could be used in @entity1 management to improve outcomes whilst decreasing costs.

title: Epidemiology of XXXX in Western Romania.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity173 :: ('MESH:D006620', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporotic hip fractures', 'hip fracture', 'Fragility hip fractures']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'fracture']

answer: @entity173 :: (MESH:D006620,Disease) :: ['osteoporotic hip fractures']