abstract: Single-agent therapy with @entity1205 or Pemetrexed is the current therapy of choice for second-line treatment in advanced @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ). The role of older agents was underattended over the last years. This study presents the combination of @entity1138 and @entity1206 in pretreated @entity1 . Forty-two @entity1 (stage IIIB and IV, pretreated with @entity902 -based chemotherapy) received 8 mg m(-2) @entity1138 on day 1 and 25 mg m(-2) @entity1206 on days 1 and 8 of a 28-day cycle. End points were objective @entity5 response, survival, and @entity137 . Additionally, quality of life (QoL) was assessed. Five @entity1 (11.9 %) achieved partial responses and 13 @entity1 (31.9%) stable disease. Progression-free survival was 16 weeks. The median overall survival was 8.5 month. Eleven @entity1 (26.2 %) suffered from grade 3 or 4 @entity1398 and four @entity1 (9.52%) from grade 3 or 4 @entity417 . Evaluation of QoL showed that some items ameliorated during therapy. The therapeutic concept including @entity1138 and @entity1206 offers an efficacious and well-tolerated regimen, with relatively low @entity137 . Objective response and survival data correlate with other second-line studies using different medication. As costs of @entity1138 and @entity1206 are lower compared with current drugs of choice, this regimen is likely to be cost-saving.

title: XXXX and @entity1206 for second-line chemotherapy in @entity1149 --a phase II trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['platinum']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity1138 :: ('MESH:D016685', 'Chemical') :: ['Mitomycin C']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small-cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity1206 :: ('MESH:C030852', 'Chemical') :: ['Vinorelbine']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity1205 :: ('MESH:C067311', 'Chemical') :: ['Docetaxel']

answer: @entity1138 :: (MESH:D016685,Chemical) :: ['Mitomycin C']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In this prospective, randomized, observer-blinded trial, we compared ultrasound-guided @entity1930 performed either at or proximal to the neural bifurcation (B). We hypothesized that the total anesthesia-related time (sum of performance and onset times) would be decreased with the prebifurcation (PB) technique. METHODS: Ultrasound-guided posterior popliteal sciatic nerve block was performed in 68 @entity1 . All subjects received an identical volume (30 mL) and mix of local anesthetic agent (1% @entity3303 -0.25% @entity1341 -5   g/mL epinephrine). In the PB group, the local anesthetic solution was deposited at the level of the common sciatic trunk, just distal to the intersection between its circular and elliptical sonographic appearances, inside the @entity4847 . In the B group, the injection was performed inside the sheath between the tibial and peroneal divisions. A blinded observer recorded the success rate (complete tibial and peroneal sensory block at 30 minutes) and onset time. The performance time, number of needle passes, and adverse events ( @entity809 , @entity4 ) were also recorded. All subjects were contacted 7 days after the surgery to inquire about the presence of persistent @entity1183 or @entity51 . RESULTS: Both techniques resulted in comparable success rates (85%-88%; 95% confidence interval [CI] of the intergroup difference, -14% to 19%) and required similar performance times (8.1 minutes; 95% CI of the difference, -1.65 to 1.71 minutes), onset times (15.0-17.7 minutes; 95% CI of the difference, -7.65 to 2.31 minutes), and total anesthesia-related times (23.4-26.0 minutes; 95% CI of the difference, -7.83 to 2.74 minutes). The number of needle passes and incidence of @entity809 (25%-34%) were also similar between the 2 groups. Sonographic neural swelling was detected in 2 and 3 subjects in the PB and B groups, respectively. In all 5 cases, the needle was carefully withdrawn and the injection completed uneventfully. @entity1 follow-up 1 week after the surgery revealed 2 @entity1 with residual @entity1183 . In both instances, the latter had resolved by 1 month. CONCLUSION: When local anesthetic is injected inside the @entity4847 , B and @entity1930 result in comparable success and total anesthesia-related times. However, in light of the 95% CIs, we cannot exclude the possibility that an intergroup difference of 19% and 7.83 minutes might have gone undetected for success rate and total time, respectively.

title: A randomized comparison between bifurcation and prebifurcation XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['neural edema']

entities_list: @entity809 :: ('MESH:D010292', 'Disease') :: ['paresthesia']

entities_list: @entity1341 :: ('MESH:D002045', 'Chemical') :: ['bupivacaine']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['motor deficit']

entities_list: @entity3303 :: ('MESH:D008012', 'Chemical') :: ['lidocaine']

entities_list: @entity4847 :: ('MESH:D018317', 'Disease') :: ['paraneural sheath']

entities_list: @entity1930 :: ('MESH:D020426', 'Disease') :: ['PB posterior popliteal sciatic nerve blocks', 'subparaneural popliteal sciatic nerve blocks']

answer: @entity1930 :: (MESH:D020426,Disease) :: ['subparaneural popliteal sciatic nerve blocks']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To establish the direct costs of the process of diagnosing @entity2 in 2003. As a secondary objective, the cost of admissions defined as inappropriate was evaluated. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prospective cohort study of @entity2 cases diagnosed in 2003 was performed. Diagnosis was based on cytohistology or clinical and radiological criteria. The total cost was determined according to Decree 222/2003, governing Galician health service rates. A distinction was drawn between hospitalized @entity1 and outpatients, and between small cell and @entity4153 . Inappropriate admissions were analyzed in accordance with the criteria established by our study team, and the savings that would have been made had these @entity1 been treated as outpatients were calculated. The statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 10.0. RESULTS: A total of 160 @entity1 were diagnosed with @entity2 ; 76 (47.5%) of these were outpatients, and the remaining 84 (52.5%) were hospitalized @entity1 . Admissions were considered inappropriate in 27 cases. Of the total of 160 @entity1 , 108 were diagnosed as having @entity4153 , and 38 as having @entity4153 ; the remaining 14 @entity1 were diagnosed on the basis of clinical-radiological criteria. Total cost was 742,847 @entity7634 (mean, 4643 @entity7634 ; 95% confidence interval, 4049-5236 @entity7634 ), composed of 552,614 @entity7634 (mean, 6579 @entity7634 ) for admitted @entity1 , and 190,233 @entity7634 (mean, 2503 @entity7634 ) for outpatients. Mean cost was 3692 @entity7634 for the @entity4153 , and 5070 @entity7634 for the @entity4153 . Comparing limited and extensive @entity4153 , the mean cost for the former was significantly lower than for the latter (1894 @entity7634 compared to 4098 @entity7634 ); there was also a lower mean cost for early compared to advanced stages of @entity4153 (3660 @entity7634 compared to 5494 @entity7634 ). The savings to be made from unnecessary admissions were calculated at 120,258 @entity7634 . CONCLUSIONS: The mean cost for @entity2 treatment was 62% lower than for hospitalization. @entity4153 were more costly on average than @entity4153 , and advanced stages of the @entity4153 involved a higher average cost than the initial stages of the disease. For our series, the savings to be made from unnecessary admissions were calculated at 120,258 @entity7634 .

title: [ XXXX diagnosis: hospitalization costs].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer', 'outpatient lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity4153 :: ('MESH:D018288', 'Disease') :: ['Non-small cell carcinomas', 'small cell carcinomas', 'non-small cell carcinomas']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['Lung cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To identify and discuss the mechanistic risk factors associated with @entity790 in pediatric all-terrain vehicle ( @entity11254 ) accidents. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis of all pediatric @entity130 admissions to a level 1 @entity130 center from 2005 to August 2011 was performed. We identified all pediatric @entity1 who presented with GU @entity130 related to an @entity11254 accident. The demographics, injury data, mechanism of injury, and treatment records of these @entity1 were investigated. RESULTS: A total of 304 pediatric @entity1 were admitted with @entity11254 -related injuries during the study period. Of these 304 @entity1 , 10 (3.2%) had experienced @entity130 . An analysis of the mechanism revealed that 9 of the 10 had been thrown from the @entity11254 ; 1 event was described as a rollover accident. All 10 @entity1 sustained @entity8 : 9 renal lacerations of various grades and 1 @entity8 . @entity811 was observed in all cases. Spleen and liver lacerations were commonly associated injuries (40% and 30%, respectively). CONCLUSION: Pediatric @entity11254 -related @entity130 remain an uncommon, yet serious, problem. @entity8 is the most commonly encountered @entity130 and can be suspected by the presence of @entity811 . Analysis of the mechanism of injury suggests that ejection from the @entity11254 places pediatric @entity1 at the greatest risk of @entity8 . Additional research is recommended concerning the mechanistic relationship of @entity11254 -related GU @entity130 .

title: Mechanistic relationship of all-terrain vehicles and pediatric XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal pedicle injury', 'Renal trauma', 'renal trauma', 'renal injury']

entities_list: @entity811 :: ('MESH:D006417', 'Disease') :: ['hematuria', 'Hematuria']

entities_list: @entity790 :: ('MESH:D014564', 'Disease') :: ['genitourinary (GU) trauma']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['GU injury', 'GU injuries', 'trauma']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['renal trauma']


abstract: Over a 15-year period we observed seven @entity1 (four @entity1 , three @entity1 ) who presented within the first months of life with severe @entity177 and @entity520 , associated with @entity101 in five @entity1 and @entity2011 in four. In addition, one @entity1 had a severe @entity409 . In two families, a similarly affected sibling had died previously. Four @entity1 were referred with the clinical diagnosis of @entity8 because of moderate @entity8 , but renal imaging (intravenous pyelography and ultrasonography) did not confirm this diagnosis. A renal biopsy, performed in all @entity1 , showed similar features characterized by a diffuse chronic @entity1986 ( @entity1986 ) and particularly by the presence of microcystic dilatation of proximal tubules and Bowman's space. Liver pathology was normal in two @entity1 , including one with @entity382 . However, in the @entity1 with @entity1448 there was inflammatory portal @entity82 with mild duct proliferation. Progression of the @entity8 was extremely rapid and all @entity1 reached @entity454 ( @entity454 ) before the age of 2 years (11-22 months). Two @entity1 had successful renal transplants. Although this chronic @entity1986 shares some features with @entity12000 , we suggest that it represents a distinct entity both on clinical and morphological grounds. The specific clinical features of this disease are its early onset and rapid progression to @entity454 . Pathologically, it differs from @entity12000 by the absence of medullary cysts and thickened tubular basement membranes and by the presence of cortical microcysts.

title: Infantile chronic @entity1986 with cortical microcysts: variant of XXXX or new disease entity?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'girls', 'children', 'patients', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity382 :: ('MESH:D006529', 'Disease') :: ['hepatomegaly']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['polycystic kidney disease', 'enlargement of kidneys', 'renal disease']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['cholestatic liver disease']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity520 :: ('MESH:D000138', 'Disease') :: ['acidosis']

entities_list: @entity1448 :: ('MESH:D002779', 'Disease') :: ['cholestasis']

entities_list: @entity12000 :: ('MESH:C537699', 'Disease') :: ['nephronophthisis']

entities_list: @entity1986 :: ('MESH:D009395', 'Disease') :: ['tubulo-interstitial nephritis', 'TIN']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['ESRF', 'end-stage renal failure']

answer: @entity12000 :: (MESH:C537699,Disease) :: ['nephronophthisis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Background The role of image-guided surveillance as compared with planned neck dissection in the treatment of @entity1 with @entity957 of the @entity135 who have advanced @entity66 (stage N2 or N3) and who have received chemoradiotherapy for primary treatment is a matter of debate. Methods In this prospective, randomized, controlled trial, we assessed the noninferiority of positron-emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT)-guided surveillance (performed 12 weeks after the end of chemoradiotherapy, with neck dissection performed only if PET-CT showed an incomplete or equivocal response) to planned neck dissection in @entity1 with stage N2 or N3 disease. The primary end point was overall survival. Results From 2007 through 2012, we recruited 564 @entity1 (282 @entity1 in the planned-surgery group and 282 @entity1 in the surveillance group) from 37 centers in the United Kingdom. Among these @entity1 , 17% had nodal stage N2a disease and 61% had stage N2b disease. A total of 84% of the @entity1 had @entity5 , and 75% had @entity5 specimens that stained positive for the @entity986 protein, an indicator that @entity1082 had a role in the causation of the @entity5 . The median follow-up was 36 months. PET-CT-guided surveillance resulted in fewer neck dissections than did planned dissection surgery (54 vs. 221); rates of surgical complications were similar in the two groups (42% and 38%, respectively). The 2-year overall survival rate was 84.9% (95% confidence interval [CI], 80.7 to 89.1) in the surveillance group and 81.5% (95% CI, 76.9 to 86.3) in the planned-surgery group. The hazard ratio for @entity204 slightly favored PET-CT-guided surveillance and indicated noninferiority (upper boundary of the 95% CI for the hazard ratio, <1.50; P=0.004). There was no significant difference between the groups with respect to @entity986 expression. Quality of life was similar in the two groups. PET-CT-guided surveillance, as compared with neck dissection, resulted in savings of   1,492 (approximately  2,190 in U.S. dollars) per @entity1 over the duration of the trial. Conclusions Survival was similar among @entity1 who underwent PET-CT-guided surveillance and those who underwent planned neck dissection, but surveillance resulted in considerably fewer operations and it was more cost-effective. (Funded by the National Institute for Health Research Health Technology Assessment Programme and Cancer Research UK; PET-NECK Current Controlled Trials number, ISRCTN13735240 .).

title: PET-CT Surveillance versus Neck Dissection in Advanced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'person']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['nodal disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'oropharyngeal cancer']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous-cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1082 :: ('10566', 'Species') :: ['human papillomavirus']

answer: @entity135 :: (MESH:D006258,Disease) :: ['Head and Neck Cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The evidence to guide therapy in pediatric @entity131 is lacking, including insight into the intracranial pressure/cerebral perfusion pressure thresholds in @entity542 . We examined intracranial pressure/cerebral perfusion pressure thresholds and indices of intracranial pressure and cerebral perfusion pressure burden in relationship with outcome in severe @entity131 and in accidental and @entity542 cohorts. DESIGN: A prospective observational study. SETTING: PICU in a tertiary @entity1 's hospital. @entity1 : @entity1 less than18 years old admitted to a PICU with severe @entity131 and who had intracranial pressure monitoring. INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: A pediatric @entity131 database was interrogated with 85 @entity1 (18 @entity542 ) enrolled. Hourly intracranial pressure and cerebral perfusion pressure (in mm Hg) were collated and compared with various thresholds. C-statistics for intracranial pressure and cerebral perfusion pressure data in the entire population were determined. Intracranial @entity101 and @entity1779 indices were formulated based on the number of hours with intracranial pressure more than 20   mm Hg and cerebral perfusion pressure less than 50   mm Hg, respectively. A secondary analysis was performed on accidental and @entity542 cohorts. All of these were compared with dichotomized 6-month Glasgow Outcome Scale scores. The models with the number of hours with intracranial pressure more than 20   mm Hg (C = 0.641; 95% CI, 0.523-0.762) and cerebral perfusion pressure less than 45   mm Hg (C = 0.702; 95% CI, 0.586-0.805) had the best fits to discriminate outcome. Two factors were independently associated with a poor outcome, the number of hours with intracranial pressure more than 20   mm Hg and @entity542 (odds ratio = 5.101; 95% CI, 1.571-16.563). As the number of hours with intracranial pressure more than 20   mm Hg increases by 1, the odds of a poor outcome increased by 4.6% (odds ratio = 1.046; 95% CI, 1.012-1.082). Thresholds did not differ between accidental versus @entity542 . The @entity428 and @entity1779 indices were both associated with outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: The duration of hours of intracranial pressure more than 20   mm Hg and cerebral perfusion pressure less than 45   mm Hg best discriminated poor outcome. As the number of hours with intracranial pressure more than 20 mm Hg increases by 1, the odds of a poor outcome increased by 4.6%. Although @entity542 was strongly associated with unfavorable outcome, intracranial pressure/cerebral perfusion pressure thresholds did not differ between accidental and @entity542 .

title: Intracranial XXXX and @entity1779 in @entity1 With Severe @entity131 : Thresholds and Burden in Accidental and Abusive Insults.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'Children', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['traumatic brain injury']

entities_list: @entity428 :: ('MESH:D019586', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial hypertension']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['abusive head trauma']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral hypoperfusion']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['Hypertension']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Early results for anatomic repair of @entity4263 ( @entity4263 ) are excellent. However, the development of @entity1002 late after repair remains a concern. In this study we sought to determine factors leading to late @entity1002 and the impact of cardiac resynchronization as a primary and secondary (upgrade) mode of pacing. METHODS: From 1992 to 2012, 106 @entity1 (median age at surgery, 1.2 years; range, 2 months to 43 years) with @entity4263 had anatomic repair. A retrospective review of preoperative variables, surgical procedures, and postoperative outcomes was performed. RESULTS: In-hospital deaths occurred in 5.7% (n  =  6), and there were 3 postdischarge deaths during a mean follow-up period of 5.2 years (range, 7 days to 18.2 years). Twelve @entity1 (12%) developed moderate or severe @entity1002 . Thirty-eight @entity1 (38%) were being paced at latest follow-up evaluation. Seventeen @entity1 had resynchronization therapy, 9 as an upgrade from a prior dual-chamber system (8.5%) and 8 as a primary pacemaker (7.5%). Factors associated with @entity1002 were age at repair older than 10 years, weight greater than 20 kg, pacemaker implantation, and severe @entity337 . Eight of 9 @entity1 undergoing secondary cardiac resynchronization therapy (upgrade) improved left ventricular function. None of the 8 @entity1 undergoing primary resynchronization developed @entity1002 . CONCLUSIONS: Late @entity1002 after anatomic repair of @entity4263 is not uncommon, occurring most often in older @entity1 and in those requiring pacing. Early anatomic repair and cardiac resynchronization therapy in @entity1 requiring a pacemaker could preclude the development of @entity1002 .

title: Late @entity1002 after anatomic repair of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4263 :: ('MESH:C535426', 'Disease') :: ['congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries', 'ccTGA']

entities_list: @entity337 :: ('MESH:D001022', 'Disease') :: ['neo-aortic regurgitation']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular dysfunction']

answer: @entity4263 :: (MESH:C535426,Disease) :: ['congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Results from a pilot investigation with @entity1140 for @entity991 ( @entity991 ) demonstrated biochemical improvement without excessive @entity137 . To date, no confirmatory study has been performed. AIMS: We sought to determine the safety and efficacy of @entity1140 in @entity991 . METHODS: An open-label, phase II study of @entity1140 0.05 mg/kg twice daily for 1 year was performed. Target whole-blood concentrations ranged between 3 and 7 ng/ml. RESULTS: A total of 16 @entity1 were enrolled. The median age was 50 years (range, 28-68), with 31% being @entity1 . The median serum alkaline phosphatase was 903 U/l, @entity6571 88 U/l, total @entity648 0.9 mg/dl, and albumin 3.8 g/dl. Based primarily on drug-related adverse events, only eight (50%) @entity1 completed 1 year of therapy. After 1 year of therapy, however, significant improvements in median serum alkaline phosphatase (903 vs. 483, P=0.0001) and @entity6571 levels (88 vs. 78, P=0.002) were observed in these @entity1 . The median @entity1140 level in @entity1 completing 1 year of therapy was 4.0 ng/ml. Drug-related adverse events, however, were responsible for 31% of @entity1 withdrawing from the study. CONCLUSIONS: Despite significant improvements in serum alkaline phosphatase, oral @entity1140 is poorly tolerated in @entity1 with @entity991 .

title: XXXX for the treatment of @entity991 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['drug toxicity']

entities_list: @entity648 :: ('MESH:D001663', 'Chemical') :: ['bilirubin']

entities_list: @entity991 :: ('MESH:D015209', 'Disease') :: ['PSC', 'primary sclerosing cholangitis']

entities_list: @entity1140 :: ('MESH:D016559', 'Chemical') :: ['tacrolimus']

answer: @entity1140 :: (MESH:D016559,Chemical) :: ['Tacrolimus']


abstract: The potential of five different commercial DNA isolation methods to remove real-time PCR inhibitors from the synovial fluid of @entity1641 , @entity291 and @entity1707 was investigated. All kits with the exception of one included a @entity3440 column-based purification of the DNA. With the fifth kit, DNA purification is achieved by removing contaminating macromolecules by a desalting process. We used a recently developed method based on comparison of the real-time PCR signal of an artificial target incorporated into each PCR reaction in the presence of the isolated DNA from the sample, and in control samples containing water instead of isolated DNA. This was followed by statistical analysis of the data. Inhibition and subsequent reduction of the endpoint fluorescence in the real-time PCR reaction was encountered in many cases. Less frequently, the target copy number in the samples was underestimated. However, we found no experimental evidence of a negative influence of the reduced endpoint fluorescence signal on the detection limit of the real-time PCR assay. All kits tested were useful for analyzing pelleted synovial fluid from @entity1641 , @entity291 and @entity1707 . When analyzing non-pelleted synovial fluid, three kits - two based on @entity3440 columns and one employing a desalting process - yielded inhibitor-free DNA for real-time PCR analysis.

title: Inhibitor-free DNA for real-time PCR analysis of synovial fluid from @entity1641 , XXXX and @entity1707 .

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['cattle']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Effective treatment of @entity28 is extremely difficult, and taste modulation has been suggested as a feasible option. We aim at presenting dangers associated with @entity64 -induced @entity73 . METHODS: A case report is presented with clinical and laboratory findings. We review literature on the effect of taste modulation on body weight. RESULTS: Eight months after suffering @entity64 , a 63-year old @entity28 @entity1 with a nine year-old history of type 2 @entity6 reported @entity10 and poor general feeling. Physical examination revealed significantly elevated blood pressure of 190/110 mmHg. The @entity1 had never had elevated blood pressure before nor ever been taking any antihypertensive medication. However, @entity64 resulted in severe persisting @entity2342 . We found out that she had been using up to 110 g of salt daily to make her meals palatable. Standard gustatory tests confirmed severe @entity73 , reflecting the lesion of the glossopharyngeal nerve. Taste loss was not associated with body @entity353 . Limiting daily salt intake to 5 g within 4 weeks resulted in lowering blood pressure to 120/70 mmHg. CONCLUSION: @entity64 -induced @entity2342 may lead to increased salt intake in a type 2 @entity6 @entity1 , which caused development of severe @entity101 . The taste loss did not yield any @entity353 . We suggest that aiming at reducing body weight by means of taste modulation should be done with caution. Physicians must be aware that @entity1 may try to overcome @entity2342 by additional salt intake, if not adequately informed of the risk thereof.

title: Loss of taste-induced XXXX --caveat for taste modulation as a therapeutic option in @entity28 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'Stroke']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight reduction']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obese', 'obesity']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['taste impairment']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity2342 :: ('MESH:D004408', 'Disease') :: ['dysgeusia']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertension']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although @entity1295 affects over 75% of @entity1 with @entity5 , changes over time in symptoms and antecedents have not been described in the acute care setting. OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence, in @entity1 with @entity5 , of @entity1295 and @entity417 on admission, describe strategies used to treat @entity417 , observe changes in @entity1295 over ten days, and determine factors associated with @entity1295 . DESIGN: Prospective, observational study. SETTINGS AND @entity1 : In two Swiss tertiary care hospitals, a convenience sample of @entity1 (N=103) was recruited at admission and followed up at days six (n=76) and ten (n=53). @entity1 were admitted because of new and/or worsening symptoms, deteriorating health status, or complications. They received measures aimed at symptom control and disease modifying interventions. METHODS: Clinical and sociodemographic data were collected on selected @entity1 who were able to complete a test battery of validated measures. Assessment was undertaken on hospital admission and on days six and ten post-admission. FINDINGS: At admission, according to the suggested cut-off score of 43 for the FACIT-Fatigue scale, 87% of @entity1 were experiencing @entity5 . Fatigue varied greatly within and among @entity1 . Data on @entity417 were available for 100 @entity1 , of whom 62% were anaemic on admission. Severe and life threatening @entity417 were mostly treated with red blood cell transfusions. Over time, @entity1295 decreased for @entity1 who improved enough to be discharged (p<0.001) but not for those who withdrew from the study, most of whom did so due to worsening health. In multiple regression analysis, younger @entity1 and @entity1 with lower functional status, higher scores for @entity308 , and more other @entity417 -related symptoms experienced more @entity1295 . The variables examined explained 62% of variance in @entity1295 . CONCLUSIONS: Fatigue was common in hospitalized @entity1 with @entity5 and the majority were anaemic. Based on these data, monitoring and treating @entity1295 and @entity417 over a ten-day hospital stay seem to be supported. The variable trajectories call for interventions carefully tailored to individual @entity1 . The results should be considered as a first step to exploring @entity1295 in these @entity1 .

title: Prevalence and contributors to @entity1295 in individuals hospitalized with XXXX : a prospective, observational study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Patients', 'patients', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer-related fatigue', 'advanced cancer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['advanced cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The mechanism and extent of major @entity1157 following laparoscopic cholecystectomy differ from those of open cholecystectomy. METHODS: To identify differences in the demographic profile, timing of injury detection, management strategies and outcome, we undertook a retrospective review and analysis of our experience with 55 major @entity1157 following both laparoscopic and open cholecystectomies over a period of 9 years. RESULTS: Thirty-one major @entity1157 resulted from laparoscopic cholecystectomy (56%) and 24 of them were sustained after open cholecystectomy (44%). The median time of presentation was 7 days after laparoscopic cholecystectomy and 14 days following open cholecystectomy (P < 0.001). Twenty-eight (51%) @entity1 had @entity130 recognized intraoperatively in both groups, of whom 18 @entity1 underwent an attempt at primary repair before referral. All @entity1 required subsequent surgical intervention. There were no differences in the clinical presentations between the two groups. However, serum alkaline phosphatase, @entity493 aminotransferase and @entity492 aminotransferase levels were significantly higher following open cholecystectomy (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the level of injury between the two groups. All @entity1 underwent surgical repair in the form of a Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy (including two revision hepaticojejunostomies in each group). Surgical outcome did not differ between the groups; however, better results were seen with Bismuth grades 1 and 2 strictures compared with Bismuth grades 3 and 4 strictures for both groups (P < 0.002). CONCLUSION: Major @entity1157 following laparoscopic cholecystectomy present earlier and with lower levels of serum alkaline phosphatase, @entity493 aminotransferase and @entity492 aminotransferase. There does not appear to be a significant difference between the @entity1535 -Strasberg grading of the strictures and the type of surgery carried out.

title: Comparison of major XXXX following laparoscopic cholecystectomy and open cholecystectomy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1157 :: ('MESH:D001649', 'Disease') :: ['bile duct injuries']

entities_list: @entity492 :: ('CHEBI:29995', 'Chemical') :: ['aspartate']

entities_list: @entity493 :: ('CHEBI:16449', 'Chemical') :: ['alanine']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['injuries']

answer: @entity1157 :: (MESH:D001649,Disease) :: ['bile duct injuries']


abstract: In the present study, the relation of serum @entity1243 to adiposity, gender and metabolic covariates in normal Thais was examined. Subjects consisted of 224 individuals aged between 20-79 years. Eighty two were @entity1 while 142 were @entity1 . Data were expressed as mean +/- SEM. Serum @entity1243 was associated with total body fat assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in both @entity1 (r = 0.80, P < 0.0001) and @entity1 (r = 0.73, P < 0.0001). Compared to women, serum @entity1243 concentrations was lower in @entity1 (P < 0.0001). The difference still persisted after controlling the adiposity. Compared to premenopausal @entity1 , postmenopausal @entity1 had higher serum @entity1243 independent of adiposity (P < 0.0001). In men, serum free @entity251 was negatively associated with serum @entity1243 (r = -0.36, P < 0.001) while there was no association between serum @entity53 and @entity1243 . The relation between serum FT and @entity1243 in @entity1 no longer persisted after controlling for adiposity. Body fat was associated with fasting insulin levels in both @entity1 (r = 0.26, P < 0.05) and @entity1 (r = 0.18, P < 0.05). However, the association between fasting insulin levels and body fat in both @entity1 and @entity1 no longer existed after adjusting for @entity1243 . We concluded that serum @entity1243 concentrations are associated with total body adiposity and serum @entity1243 may mediate the effect of body fat on insulin sensitivity. There appears to be a sexual dimorphism of serum @entity1243 unrelated to sex hormone status and the amount of body fat.

title: Serum XXXX concentrations in relation to body fat, gender, sex hormones and metabolic covariates in Thais.

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['estradiol']

answer: @entity1243 :: (3952,Gene) :: ['leptin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Intravascular volume loss from @entity63 -reperfusion (IR) injury is a major clinical concern. We hypothesize that @entity1808 decreases IR-mediated microvascular fluid leak via the @entity11082 in a @entity268 dependent manner. We therefore sought to determine hydraulic permeability after IR of venules treated with 1) @entity1808 , 2) @entity1808 and @entity268 synthesis inhibitor, and 3) @entity1808 and an @entity1808 type 2 receptor antagonist. METHODS: @entity35 mesenteric post-capillary venules were micro-cannulated to measure hydraulic permeability (L(p)). IR was achieved by placing animals in a 5% @entity26 environment and preventing venular flow, after which blood flow was allowed to resume. L(p) was measured after IR and treatment with 1) @entity1808 (20 nm), 2) @entity1808 (20 nm) + @entity268 synthesis inhibitor ( @entity22818 ,10uM), and 3) @entity1808 (20 nm) + type 2 receptor antagonist ( @entity11083 , 300 mum) (n=6 in each group). RESULTS: Compared with the seven-fold increase in L(p) because of IR alone: 1) @entity1808 attenuated the seven-fold increase by 50% (P<0.005), 2) @entity268 inhibition did not change the effect of @entity1808 on leak, and the type 2 receptor antagonist completely blocked the effects of @entity1808 on IR mediated leak. CONCLUSION: Treatment with @entity1808 attenuated increases in hydraulic permeability because of IR by 50%. Inhibition of @entity268 synthesis did not change the effect of @entity1808 on IR mediated leak, and @entity11082 inhibition completely blocked the effects of @entity1808 . These results indicate that @entity1808 decreases IR induced leak via the @entity11082 in a @entity268 independent manner. A better understanding of mediators that reduce intravascular fluid loss from IR-induced @entity409 may help clinicians treat uncontrolled fluid extravasation that occurs during shock and @entity295 .

title: @entity11082 decreases XXXX reperfusion induced fluid leak.

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['microvascular dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity11082 :: ('24182(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['angiotensin II type 2 receptor']

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['ischemia']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The only direct sign of sinus @entity715 on non-contrast computerized tomography (NCCT) is the hyperdense sign. The purpose of our study was to assess quantitative parameters for diagnosis of superficial @entity50 and to compare these quantitative criteria with the current standard of qualitative evaluation. METHODS: This retrospective case-control study included 18 @entity1 with acute superficial sinus @entity715 and 18 matched controls. Three blinded readers independently evaluated the NCCT for the presence of hyperdense sign using @entity5221 only followed by @entity5221 with multiplanar reformats. Absolute attenuation values and ratios were calculated for thrombosed and non-thrombosed sinuses: Ratiotarget sinus/lowest attenuation sinus, Ratiotarget sinus/basilar artery, Ratiotarget sinus/internal carotid artery, Ratiotarget sinus/temporal lobe, and Ratiotarget sinus/frontal lobe. RESULTS: There was a significant difference in absolute attenuation values and ratios between thrombosed and non-thrombosed sinuses, with the absolute attenuation and the Ratiotarget sinus/lowest attenuation sinus being the most differentiating. The mean attenuation for thrombosed sinuses was 69 Hounsfield units (HU) (95  % CI 65-72 HU) vs. 52 HU (95  % CI 51-54) for non-thrombosed, P   <   0.0001. The mean Ratiotarget/lowest attenuation was 1.5 (95  % CI 1.4-1.6) for thrombosed sinuses vs. 1.1 (95  % CI 1.0-1.1) for non-thrombosed, P   <   0.0001. Optimal thresholds of 62 HU and 1.3 yielded sensitivities of 81 and 84  %, respectively. Hyperdense sign had a sensitivity of 63  % on axial images and 67  % with the addition of multiplanar reformats. CONCLUSION: Density measurements result in substantial improvement over visual inspection in the diagnosis of superficial @entity50 on NCCT.

title: Quantitative non-contrast measurements improve diagnosing dural XXXX .

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity5221 :: ('MESH:C537792', 'Disease') :: ['axial slices']

entities_list: @entity50 :: ('MESH:D012851', 'Disease') :: ['venous sinus thrombosis']

answer: @entity50 :: (MESH:D012851,Disease) :: ['venous sinus thrombosis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity7100 is one of the most common @entity2893 -resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) global wide. Resistance to @entity9001 , one of the few therapeutic options for @entity17336 , in @entity2893 -resistant @entity7100 is of clinical significance. Fourteen @entity7100 clinical isolates (EC1-EC14) co-resistant to @entity9001 and carbapenems were studied. Two @entity9001 -susceptible/ @entity2893 -resistant isolates (TS1-TS2) were used for comparison. Genotyping by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and multilocus sequence typing identified seven pulsotypes and three @entity5599 ( @entity5599 ). All three @entity5599 belonged to the published international clones. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequence analysis revealed the coexistence of blaSHV-12 and @entity38377 in 11 EC isolates from five pulsotypes/two @entity5599 . Reverse transcription PCR demonstrated overexpression of the chromosomal AmpC-like b-lactamase in seven EC isolates (four pulsotypes/two @entity5599 ) and TS1 (pulsotype F/ST78). Reduced expression of outer membrane protein C (OmpC) was found in three EC isolates (all pulsotype C/ST204), whereas reduced expression of OmpF was found in nine EC isolates (three pulsotypes/two @entity5599 ) and TS2 (pulsotype G/ST114). Overexpression of the efflux pump AcrB was found in all EC isolates although three showed borderline significance. Multiple mechanisms jointly contributed to the observed co-resistance to @entity9001 and carbapenems. Some international clones have infiltrated into Taiwan and acquired various resistance traits independently.

title: A Snapshot of Co-Resistance to Carbapenems and @entity9001 in Clinical Isolates of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity17336 :: ('MESH:D004756', 'Disease') :: ['CRE infections']

entities_list: @entity5599 :: ('MESH:D010855', 'Disease') :: ['sequence types', 'STs']

entities_list: @entity7100 :: ('550', 'Species') :: ['Enterobacter cloacae', 'E. cloacae']

entities_list: @entity2893 :: ('CHEBI:46765', 'Chemical') :: ['carbapenem']

entities_list: @entity9001 :: ('MESH:C119092', 'Chemical') :: ['tigecycline']

answer: @entity7100 :: (550,Species) :: ['Enterobacter cloacae']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study was designed to analyze the efficacy of @entity4562 as a second-line therapy, according to the clinical characteristics in Korean @entity1 with @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ). METHODS: In this Phase IV observational study, we recruited @entity1 , previously failed first-line chemotherapy, who had locally advanced or metastatic @entity1149 , and who were found to be either @entity470 ( @entity470 ) mutation-positive or satisfied 2 or more of the 3 characteristics: @entity420 , female, and non-smoker. These @entity1 were administered with @entity4562 250 mg/day, orally. The primary endpoints were to evaluate the objective response rate (ORR) and to determine the relationship of ORRs, depending on each @entity1 's characteristics of modified intent-to-treat population. RESULTS: A total of 138 @entity1 participated in this study. One subject achieved complete response, and 42 subjects achieved partial response (ORR, 31.2%). The subgroup analysis demonstrated that the ORR was significantly higher in @entity1 with @entity470 mutation-positive, compared to that of @entity470 mutation-negative (45.8% vs. 14.0%, p=0.0004). In a secondary efficacy variable, the median progression-free survival (PFS) was 5.7 months (95% confidence interval, 3.9~8.4 months) and the 6-month PFS and overall survival were 49.6% and 87.9%, respectively. The most common reported adverse events were @entity1910 (34.4%), @entity294 (26.6%), @entity111 (17.5%), and cough (15.6%). CONCLUSION: @entity4562 was observed in anti- @entity5 activity with favorable tolerability profile as a second-line therapy in these selected @entity1 . When looking at @entity470 mutation status, @entity470 mutation-positive showed strong association with @entity4562 by greater response and prolonged PFS, compared with that of @entity470 mutation-negative.

title: XXXX in Selected @entity1 with Pre-Treated Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Results from a Phase IV, Multicenter, Non-Randomized Study (SELINE).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4562 :: ('MESH:C419708', 'Chemical') :: ['gefitinib', 'Gefitinib']

entities_list: @entity470 :: ('1956', 'Gene') :: ['EGFR', 'epidermal growth factor receptor']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small-cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity111 :: ('MESH:D011537', 'Disease') :: ['pruritus']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity4562 :: (MESH:C419708,Chemical) :: ['Gefitinib']


abstract: The effects of intracerebroventricular or intracarotid injection of synthetic @entity35 @entity4655 ( @entity4655 ) on @entity11249 ( @entity11249 ) secretion induced by various stimuli in male @entity35 were examined. @entity4655 (2.5 or 5 micrograms/ @entity35 intracerebroventricularly, i.c.v.) was administered 10 min before beta-endorphin (0.5 microgram/ @entity35 i.c.v.) or @entity1286 (1 mg/kg intracarotidly, i.a.) or @entity1338 (0.25 mg/kg i.a.) or @entity11249 -releasing hormone ( @entity11523 1-40; 2 micrograms/kg i.a.). When injected peripherally, @entity4655 (10 micrograms/ @entity35 , i.a.) was administered 5 min before @entity1286 or @entity11523 . To investigate the possible involvement of @entity1943 (SRIF) in the inhibition of @entity11249 secretion by @entity4655 , the effect of the peptide on @entity11523 -induced @entity11249 release was also examined in @entity35 with hypothalamic SRIF depletion obtained by pretreatment (4 h before) with @entity8488 (300 mg/kg subcutaneously). Blood samples for hormone determination were drawn from freely moving @entity35 at various times before and after drug treatment. The intracerebroventricular administration of @entity4655 (5 micrograms/ @entity35 ) significantly inhibited @entity11249 secretion induced by all the stimuli used. In @entity35 with SRIF depletion @entity4655 did not modify the stimulation of @entity11249 by @entity11523 . When @entity4655 was administered intracarotidly, even the dose of 10 micrograms/ @entity35 did not reduce the @entity11249 release induced by @entity11523 or @entity1286 . The effects of intracerebroventricular @entity4655 on basal or beta-endorphin-induced prolactin release were also examined. When given intracerebroventricularly, the peptide did not modify prolactin secretion. The present results indicate that @entity4655 has a central inhibitory role in the control of @entity11249 secretion, probably through a stimulation of SRIF release.

title: Evidence of a central inhibition of @entity11249 secretion by XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1338 :: ('MESH:D003000', 'Chemical') :: ['clonidine']

entities_list: @entity8488 :: ('MESH:D003543', 'Chemical') :: ['cysteamine']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine']

entities_list: @entity1943 :: ('MESH:D013004', 'Chemical') :: ['somatostatin']

entities_list: @entity4655 :: ('24241(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['CGRP', 'calcitonin gene-related peptide']

answer: @entity4655 :: (24241(Tax:10116),Gene) :: ['calcitonin gene-related peptide']


abstract: Purpose. To investigate the sensitivity of mesenteric angiography, technical success of hemostasis, clinical success rate, and complications of transcatheter embolization for the treatment of acute nonvariceal @entity360 . Material and Methods. A retrospective review of 200 consecutive @entity1 who underwent mesenteric arteriography for acute nonvariceal @entity360 between February 2004 and February 2011 was done. Results. Of 200 angiographic studies, 114 correctly revealed the bleeding site with mesenteric angiography. 47 (41%) @entity1 had @entity360 and 67 (59%) @entity1 had @entity360 . Out of these 114, in 112 @entity1 (98%) technical success was achieved with immediate cessation of bleeding. 81 @entity1 could be followed for one month. Clinical success was achieved in 72 out of these 81 @entity1 (89%). Seven @entity1 rebled. 2 @entity1 developed @entity63 . Four @entity1 underwent surgery for @entity63 or rebleeding. Conclusion. The use of therapeutic transcatheter embolization for treatment of @entity360 is highly successful and relatively safe with 98% technical success and 2.4% postembolization @entity63 in our series. In 89% of cases it was definitive without any further intervention.

title: Treatment of nonvariceal XXXX by transcatheter embolization.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['acute gastrointestinal hemorrhage', 'gastrointestinal hemorrhage', 'lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage', 'upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia', 'bowel ischemia']

answer: @entity360 :: (MESH:D006471,Disease) :: ['gastrointestinal hemorrhage']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to provide a clinical review of middle fossa approach for hearing preservation in @entity5513 surgery. STUDY DESIGN: This was a prospective case review. SETTING: The study was performed in a tertiary referral center of a private otologic practice. @entity1 : One hundred fifty-one consecutive middle fossa approaches for removal of @entity5513 were used. The 91 males and 60 females ranged in age from 10-72 years with a mean age of 48 years. @entity5 size ranged from 0.5-2.5 cm, with a mean of 1.2 cm. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: House-Brackmann facial nerve grade and hearing level classified both by the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery criteria for reporting results of hearing preservation surgery and by comparison with preoperative level (15 dB/15%) were the main outcome measures. RESULT: Measurable hearing was preservation in 68%, with 52% within 15 dB and 15% discrimination. Excellent facial function (House-Brackmann grade I-II) was obtained in 95% of @entity1 . CONCLUSION: The middle fossa craniotomy approach for @entity5513 is a reliable approach with a good hearing preservation rate and excellent facial nerve function outcome. Complications are minimal in this group of @entity1 .

title: Middle fossa approach for hearing preservation with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PATIENTS', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5513 :: ('MESH:D009464', 'Disease') :: ['acoustic neuroma']

answer: @entity5513 :: (MESH:D009464,Disease) :: ['acoustic neuromas']


abstract: PURPOSE: Prognostic impact of nodal status or lymphadenectomy in advanced @entity43 is still unclear. Known best prognostic impact in advanced @entity43 has the @entity41 mass. The aim of this retrospective study is to examine the importance of nodal status in correlation with @entity41 mass. METHODS: One hundred and fifty-seven consecutive @entity1 with primary @entity43 underwent surgery between 01/2000 and 06/2007 at the Department of gynecology and obstetrics, University Hospital, T  bingen, Germany. All @entity1 got stage-related surgery and platin-based chemotherapy. Median follow-up time was 53.5 months, and all @entity1 were included in the study. RESULTS: Resection status and nodal status are significant prognostic factors in our study (P < 0.001). In FIGO III, @entity1 without @entity41 (R0) had significant @entity3012 and PFS independent to node status (N0/N+; P = 0.002) compared to @entity1 with @entity41 . In contrast, node status had significant positive impact on PFS in @entity1 without @entity41 and node negativity. With the @entity41 , the influence of lymphnode @entity3 on prognosis is decreasing. CONCLUSION: Main intention of primary surgery is R0 resection with best prognosis in advanced stages. A systematic lymphadenectomy in cases with R0 resection or @entity41 <1 cm seems to be reasonable with positive impact on prognosis. Node status has impact on prognosis in @entity1 with negative node after R0 resection with best PFS in FIGO III. Further prospective studies had to show whether systematic lymphadenectomy in @entity5 -reduced @entity1 can improve prognosis.

title: Nodal status--its impact on prognosis in advanced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cancer', 'stage III ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity41 :: ('MESH:D018365', 'Disease') :: ['residual tumor', 'increase in residual tumor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['suboptimally tumor']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['ovarian cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Few data on the incidence, aetiology, clinical features and management of @entity1 with @entity56 presenting to the Emergency Department are currently available. The aim of the study was to report the annual experience of a single Italian adult Emergency Department about anaphylaxis. @entity1 AND METHODS: This is a retrospective, case-based study of adult @entity1 attending the Emergency Department in Alessandria, Italy, during the years 2009-2010. We evaluated the medical records of @entity1 satisfying diagnostic codes involving @entity56 . Incidence, demographic data, causative agents, clinical features, management and outcome were reported. RESULTS: 390 @entity1 with @entity56 were evaluated during the year, corresponding to 0.7% of all Emergency Department visits. Causative agents were recognized in 55.1% of @entity1 and more commonly included drugs (26.9%), insects (14.8%) and foods (8.9%). Cutaneous features were the single most common clinical presentation although two or more clinical features were frequently reported (17.7%). @entity2021 was diagnosed in 4.6% of @entity1 . After therapy and a period of monitoring, 92.8% of @entity1 were discharged directly from the Emergency Department, 7.0% were admitted and one @entity1 died, corresponding to a fatality rate of 0.2%. CONCLUSIONS: @entity56 are common diseases referring to our Emergency Department. In the half of cases a precipitant agent was identified and cutaneous and/or mucosal changes were often the first feature. Most @entity1 were definitely treated and discharged but about 7.0% of @entity1 required hospitalisation. Observation Unit and Intermediate Care Unit were essential for clinical management of these @entity1 .

title: Incidence, clinical features and management of XXXX : the experience of a single, Italian Emergency Department.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['acute allergic reactions', 'Acute allergic reactions']

entities_list: @entity2021 :: ('MESH:D000707', 'Disease') :: ['Anaphylaxis']

answer: @entity56 :: (MESH:D004342,Disease) :: ['acute allergic reactions']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study analyzes the experience of a single center using hybrid stainless steel-based endovascular stent graft repair of acute complicated and chronic @entity1580 @entity439 , and assesses the proximal and distal aortic morphologic changes of the midterm results. METHODS: Between November 2006 and March 2011, 61 @entity1 with @entity1580 underwent stainless steel-based stent graft repair and were divided into an @entity697 ( @entity697 ; n = 33) and a @entity439 ( @entity1050 ; n = 28). Serial computed tomography (CT) images were obtained to evaluate the changes of true and false lumen diameter at four levels during the postoperative period. RESULTS: The stent graft was successfully implanted in all @entity1 (100%), with two surgical mortalities in the @entity697 group and low perioperative morbidity (3.6%) of @entity64 and @entity451 . The cumulative survival rates of the two groups were similar (77.6% and 89.0%; P = .585) in a mean follow-up period of 24.1    15.6 months. Complete @entity715 of the thoracic false lumen down to the diaphragm level was achieved in 80.6% of the @entity1 in the @entity697 group and 88.5% in the @entity1050 group without significant difference (P = .221), but the complete regression rate of the thoracic false lumen down to the diaphragm level showed a tendency of propitious remodeling in the @entity697 group (54.8% vs 30.8%; P = .068). During follow-up, despite the proximal changes of stented true and adjacent false lumen diameter being significantly increased and decreased, respectively, in both acute and chronic settings (P < .05), they were less prominent at the distal aorta in the @entity1050 @entity439 group. Intimomedial erosion of the distal end of the stent graft occurred in both acute (n = 6; 18.9%) and chronic (n = 10; 35.7%; P = .121) dissection settings after mean follow-up of 14.0    4.8 months in the @entity697 group and 24.8    5.9 months in the @entity1050 group. Three @entity1 with chronic dissection developed either @entity2849 or true lumen compromise by expanded false lumen thrombi and required re-endografting. CONCLUSIONS: Endovascular stainless steel-based stent graft implantation with vascular bypass to gain a sufficient proximal landing zone is feasible for @entity1580 and has low early and midterm mortality and morbidity in both the acute and chronic phases. Although early intervention might result in more favorable aortic remodeling with a higher possibility of complete regression and lower risk of late distal erosion, longer-term follow-up still necessitates continuous careful surveillance of the entire aorta, especially the distal condition.

title: Aortic remodeling after endovascular repair with stainless steel-based stent graft in acute and chronic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute complicated dissection group', 'AD']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['chronic dissection aneurysm group', 'aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity451 :: ('MESH:C536857', 'Disease') :: ['paraplegia']

entities_list: @entity1580 :: ('MESH:C562834', 'Disease') :: ['type B aortic dissection']

entities_list: @entity2849 :: ('MESH:D017541', 'Disease') :: ['pseudoaneurysm']

answer: @entity1580 :: (MESH:C562834,Disease) :: ['type B aortic dissection']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate predictors of hand symptoms and functional impairment after 3 years of follow-up among workers with different types of hand symptoms including @entity923 ( @entity713 ). Functional status and job limitations were also analyzed as key secondary objectives. DESIGN: Cohort design of 3 years duration. SETTING: Working population-based study. @entity1 : Newly employed workers without a preexisting diagnosis of @entity713 (N=1107). Subjects were categorized into 4 groups at baseline examination: no hand symptoms, any hand symptoms but not @entity713 (recurring symptoms in hands, wrist, or fingers without @entity1109 ), any hand symptoms of @entity713 ( @entity1109 in the fingers and normal nerve @entity713 ), or confirmed @entity713 ( @entity713 symptoms and abnormal nerve @entity713 ). Among workers with @entity158 at baseline, subject and job characteristics were assessed as prognostic factors for outcomes, using bivariate and multivariate regression models. INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: The primary outcome assessed by questionnaire at 3 years was "severe @entity158 " in the past 30 days. RESULTS: At baseline, 155 workers (17.5% of 888 followed workers) reported hand symptoms, of which 21 had confirmed @entity713 . Presence of @entity158 at baseline was a strong predictor of future hand @entity158 . Subjects with confirmed @entity713 at baseline were more likely than workers with other @entity158 to report severe @entity158 (adjusted prevalence ratios 1.98 [95% confidence interval 1.11-3.52]) and functional status impairment (adjusted prevalence ratios 3.37 [95% confidence interval 1.01-11.29]). Among subjects meeting our case definition for @entity713 at baseline, only 4 (19.1%) reported seeing a physician in the 3-year period. CONCLUSIONS: Hand symptoms persisted among many workers after 3-year follow-up, especially among those with @entity713 , yet few symptomatic workers had seen a physician.

title: Natural history and predictors of long-term XXXX and function among workers with hand symptoms.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity713 :: ('MESH:D054537', 'Disease') :: ['conduction study', 'CTS']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathic symptoms']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain and job impairment', 'hand pain']

entities_list: @entity923 :: ('MESH:D002349', 'Disease') :: ['carpal tunnel syndrome']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: @entity977 in childhood and adolescence are relatively rare. In the present study we investigated @entity548 in @entity977 and examined cases of @entity548 using adult @entity1 for comparison. From 1975 to 2012, 38 consecutive @entity1 operated for @entity977 and one @entity1 treated with medication alone, were enrolled in this study. Their ages were less than 18  years old at the initial diagnosis (mean age 15.3      2.9  years). The comparison group consisted of 209 consecutive adult @entity1 (>18  years old). The incidence and characteristics of @entity548 in @entity977 were evaluated, based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings (28 cases) and on operative findings. The incidence of @entity977 in childhood and adolescence was 38/1,073 (3.5  %) @entity1 operated. Functioning @entity977 (82.1  %) were common and non-functioning @entity977 (17.9  %) were rare. Although no significant difference in @entity5 size was found and Knosp grade did not differ between young ( <=18  years old) and adult (>18  years old) @entity1 , indications of @entity548 on MRI was common in young @entity1 (42.9  %). Based on both MRI and operative findings, @entity548 was significantly more likely to occur in young @entity1 , compared with adult @entity1 .

title: @entity977 in childhood and adolescence with a focus on XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity977 :: ('MESH:D010911', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary adenomas', 'Pituitary adenomas', 'pituitary adenoma']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['intratumoral hemorrhage']

answer: @entity548 :: (MESH:D006470,Disease) :: ['intratumoral hemorrhage']


abstract: PURPOSE: To report long-term results using radiotherapy with or without a planned neck dissection for T1-T2 @entity189 . METHODS: An analysis of 101 @entity1 treated at the University of Florida with RT with or without a planned neck dissection for organ preservation. RESULTS: The 5-year local control rates after RT were 90% for T1 @entity5 and 80% for T2 lesions. The only parameter that significantly influenced local control in univariate analyses was apex involvement for T1 @entity5 . Multivariate analysis revealed no parameter that significantly affected local control. Cause-specific survival rates at 5 years were as follows: stage I-II, 96%; stage III, 62%; stage IVA, 49%; and stage IVB, 33%. The absolute survival rates were as follows: stage I, 57%; stage II, 61%; stage III, 41%; stage IVA, 29%; and stage IVB, 25%. Moderate to severe long-term complications developed in 12% of @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: RT alone or combined with a planned neck dissection resulted in local control with larynx preservation in a high proportion of @entity1 . The chance of cure is comparable to that observed after conservation surgery, and the risk of major complications is lower. The addition of adjuvant chemotherapy is unlikely to improve the probability of organ preservation, but might improve locoregional control for @entity1 with advanced @entity66 .

title: Organ preservation with radiotherapy for T1-T2 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma of the pyriform sinus']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['nodal disease']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['carcinoma of the pyriform sinus']


abstract: A retrospective study of 66 @entity1 with @entity226 diagnosed clinically was undertaken, investigating the incidence, timing and adequacy of temporal artery biopsy. Only 36 @entity1 underwent biopsy, of which 24 were positive, 8 negative and 4 surgically inadequate. Only 13 of 24 biopsy positive @entity1 had clinical arterial abnormalities; 5 of 8 biopsy negative @entity1 had clinical abnormalities. Three biopsy positive @entity1 had an ESR of less than 40 mm/hr. The average delay from onset of symptoms to biopsy was 128 days; excluding 3 @entity1 with a delay greater than 6 months, the average delay was 52 days. The average time to diagnosis in the "no biopsy" group from the onset of symptoms was 60 days (excluding 1 @entity1 with a delay greater than 6 months). Serious complications occurred in 15 @entity1 . Of 36 @entity1 undergoing biopsy, 4 had complications (prior to biopsy), whilst of the 30 "no biopsy" @entity1 11 suffered a serious complication (significant chi 2 = 4,716 with Yates correction, p less than 0.05). The study suggests that diagnosis is delayed in all groups. Earlier biopsies in more @entity1 with meticulous technique would probably speed the diagnosis of @entity226 and reduce the incidence of preventable complications.

title: Too few, too late. Temporal artery biopsy in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity226 :: ('MESH:D013700', 'Disease') :: ['cranial arteritis']

answer: @entity226 :: (MESH:D013700,Disease) :: ['cranial arteritis']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The management of @entity4854 in conventional wards is suboptimal. The objective of our study was to evaluate the efficacy of a proactive intervention supported by point-of-care system with remote viewing of capillary blood @entity413 (CBG) on glycemic control as compared to usual care in non-critical surgical @entity1 . @entity1 AND METHOD: Two sequential periods of 2 months were defined. In the first phase (control, CPh), in which the surgical team was in charge of glycemic control, capillary @entity413 levels were recorded by StatStrip(  ) system, and endocrinological support was provided upon surgeons request. In a second phase (intervention, IPh), the endocrinologist proceeded based on remotely-viewed CBG values. We compared the use of basal-bolus therapy and the degree of glycemic control between the 2 study periods. RESULTS: The IPh was associated with greater use of basal-bolus regimens (21.4 vs. 58.3%; P=.003). The average CBG during the CPh was 161    64 vs. 142    48 mg/dL during the IPh (P<.001). The IPh was associated with an increased frequency of CBG determinations between 70-140 mg/dL (CPh: 41.8 vs. IPh: 52.5%; P<.001), lower frequency of >=  250 mg/dL CBG determinations (CPh: 9 vs. IPh: 3.5%; P<.001), with no increase in the frequency of @entity4053 (CPh: 3 vs. IPh: 3.7%; P=.39). CONCLUSIONS: A proactive endocrine intervention facilitated by a point-of-care system with remote viewing of CBG is associated with improved glycemic control in non-critical @entity1 , without any further increase in the number of hypoglycaemic recordings.

title: [Management of inpatient XXXX in non-critical care setting: impact of a proactive intervention based on a point-of-care of system with remote viewing of capillary blood @entity413 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity4854 :: ('MESH:D006943', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemia']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity4053 :: ('MESH:D007003', 'Disease') :: ['hypoglycemia']

answer: @entity413 :: (MESH:D005947,Chemical) :: ['glucose']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the changes of several protein markers in a metastatic @entity14 model by serum proteomic analysis. METHODS: The pEGFP-N1 plasmid with enhanced expression of green fluorescence protein (EGFP) was transfected into @entity1 @entity694 cell line SW480 to obtain a stable SW480-EGFP cell line, the SW480-EGFP cells were then injected subcutaneously into @entity19 . The harvested @entity5 cells were implanted orthotopically into the colon of the @entity19 . Real-time @entity5 growth and @entity3 formation were visualized by whole-body fluorescent imaging system. Serum samples at different metastatic stages were collected and differential proteomic profiles were investigated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DE) and matrix-assisted laser absorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). RESULTS: The SW480- EGFP cells enabled to express EGFP stably. The rates of subcutaneous and orthotropic @entity5 formation were 100%. The @entity3 rates to local lymph nodes, liver and lung were 100%, 40% and 30%, respectively. Furthermore, 5 differentially expressed proteins were analyzed by serum proteome technologies, including haptoglobin alpha chain, apolipoprotein E, apolipoprotein A-IV, @entity16728 chain L and @entity69 . CONCLUSIONS: Visualized metastatic model of @entity14 was successfully established. Several differentially expressed serum proteins collected at different stages after the occurrence of @entity3 were identified. These differentially expressed proteins may be candidate serum biomarkers for diagnosis and therapeutic evaluation of @entity14 @entity3 .

title: [Monitoring changes of serum protein markers in metastatic XXXX model].

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity16728 :: ('28299', 'Gene') :: ['Ig kappa chain V region']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon carcinoma']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The selection of @entity1 for @entity1104 ( @entity1104 ) and hyperthermic intra-peritoneal chemotherapy infusion (HIPEC) is important, and relies heavily on imaging. However, it has been reported that Computer Tomographic (CT) scans may only achieve a low sensitivity of 33% for @entity6378 . We propose a set of radiological criteria for pre-operative determination of resectability of @entity6378 in peritoneal-based @entity5 and validate this in our cohort of @entity1 . METHODS: A retrospective review of all @entity1 who underwent laparotomy with a view for @entity1104 and HIPEC, at the National @entity5 Centre Singapore from January 2000 to April 2010, was performed. Intra-operative @entity3906 Index (PCI) scores were recorded. The pre-operative imaging was reviewed with a senior radiologist who was blinded, and recorded the radiological PCI scores (CT-PCI) and eight additional CT prognostic factors (CT-PF). The CT-PCI and CT-PF scores were then compared with the intra-operative findings to determine the radiological accuracy. The scores and the individual prognostic factors were then evaluated for their predictive ability for unresectability. RESULTS: Comparison of the CT-PCI and PCI scores showed a concordance correlation coefficient at 0.52 (95% CI 0.34-0.7). Accuracy was increased with the addition CT-PF. The presence of omental caking and ascites were predictors of unresectability. We propose a scoring system which is able to predict for unresectable disease with a specificity of 80% and a sensitivity of 62%. CONCLUSION: With our proposed criteria, and scoring system, the selection of @entity1 for @entity1104 and HIPEC can be improved, and unnecessary exploratory operations avoided.

title: Proposed radiological criteria for pre-operative determination of resectability in peritoneal-based XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cancer', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity3906 :: ('MESH:D010534', 'Disease') :: ['Peritoneal Cancer']

entities_list: @entity6378 :: ('MESH:D010532', 'Disease') :: ['peritoneal disease']

entities_list: @entity1104 :: ('MESH:D000267', 'Disease') :: ['CRS', 'cytoreductive surgery']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['malignancies']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Fatigue is one of the most common and disabling symptoms of @entity1 with @entity15 ( @entity15 ). The effective management of @entity1295 has an important impact on the @entity1 's functioning, abilities, and quality of life. Although a number of strategies have been devised for reducing @entity1295 , treatment recommendations are based on a limited amount of scientific evidence. Many textbooks report @entity7776 as a first-choice drug for @entity15 -related @entity1295 because of published randomised controlled trials (RCTs) showing some benefit. OBJECTIVES: To determine the effectiveness and safety of @entity7776 in treating @entity1295 in @entity1 with @entity15 . SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched The Cochrane @entity15 Group Trials Register (July 2006), The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (The Cochrane Library, Issue 1, 2006), MEDLINE (January 1966 to July 2006), EMBASE (January 1974 to July 2006), bibliographies of relevant articles and handsearched relevant journals. We also contacted drug companies and researchers in the field. SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomised, placebo or other drugs-controlled, double-blind trials of @entity7776 in @entity15 @entity1 with @entity1295 . DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Three reviewers selected studies for inclusion in the review and they extracted the data reported in the original articles. We requested missing and unclear data by correspondence with the trial's principal investigator. A meta-analysis was not performed due to the inadequacy of available data and heterogeneity of outcome measures. MAIN RESULTS: Out of 13 pertinent publications, 5 trials met the criteria for inclusion in this review: one study was a parallel arms study, and 4 were crossover trials. The number of randomised @entity1 ranged between 10 and 115, and a total of 272 @entity15 @entity1 were studied. Overall the quality of the studies considered was poor and all trials were open to bias. All studies reported small and inconsistent improvements in @entity1295 , whereas the clinical relevance of these findings and the impact on @entity1 's functioning and health related quality of life remained undetermined. The number of @entity1 reporting side effects during @entity7776 therapy ranged from 10% to 57%. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: The efficacy of @entity7776 in reducing @entity1295 in @entity1 with @entity15 is poorly documented, as well as its tolerability. It is advisable to: (1) improve knowledge on the underlying mechanisms of @entity15 -related @entity1295 ; (2) achieve anagreement on accurate, reliable and responsive outcome measures of @entity1295 ; (3) perform good quality RCTs.

title: @entity7776 for XXXX in @entity15 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'patient', 'people']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['MS', 'Multiple Sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity7776 :: ('MESH:D000547', 'Chemical') :: ['amantadine']

answer: @entity1295 :: (MESH:D005221,Disease) :: ['fatigue']


abstract: A cross-sectional study of one thousand and sixty-five @entity1 (508 @entity1 and 557 @entity1 ) from the Watertown School System was done in order to determine whether there is a relationship between @entity1224 , palatal vault formation and @entity3232 . The age range was 5 to 12 years old with a mean age of 8.5 years. Breathing pattern was based on the @entity38574 competency (seal) of each individual. The height of the palatal vault, the Angle's molar classification, cuspid relationship, the anterior and posterior cross-bites, the @entity2632 or open-bites were also recorded. Enlarged tonsils were observed and the presence of @entity566 was noted. High palatal vaults were observed in @entity1 with @entity38574 incompetency (85.8%), and in @entity1 with Class II (73.6%) and Class III (65.3%). Anterior and/or posterior cross-bites accompanied high palatal vaults. From the examined @entity1 in this study, 20% presented known @entity566 . Eighty (80%) percent of the allergic @entity1 had high palatal vaults. Enlarged tonsils were also found in @entity1 with high palatal vaults.

title: @entity1224 , palatal vault formation and XXXX : a cross-sectional study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'girls', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity566 :: ('MESH:D006967', 'Disease') :: ['allergies']

entities_list: @entity3232 :: ('MESH:D008310', 'Disease') :: ['malocclusion']

entities_list: @entity1224 :: ('MESH:D000402', 'Disease') :: ['airway obstruction']

answer: @entity3232 :: (MESH:D008310,Disease) :: ['malocclusion']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3331 and @entity571 Outcome Score (KOOS) is available in over 30 languages and a commonly used @entity1 -Reported Outcome (PRO) for assessment of treatment effects following knee surgery. The aim of the study was to report the linguistic translational process and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Polish version of the KOOS questionnaire. METHODS: We translated and culturally adapted the KOOS according to current guidelines for use in Poland. @entity1 who had undergone anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) completed the KOOS and Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36). We evaluated floor/ceiling effects, reliability (using Cronbach's alpha, intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and measurement error), convergent and divergent construct validity (using four a priori stated hypotheses) and responsiveness (using data obtained prior to and one year after ACLR and described by both effect size (ES) and standardized response mean (SRM)). RESULTS: The clinical study population consisted of 72 subjects (mean age 29.8, 28% @entity1 ). We did not observe floor effects in any KOOS subscales neither pre- nor postoperatively. As expected, ceiling effects were found postoperatively for the subscales @entity158 and ADL in this cohort assessed on average 1.3 year after surgery as more than 15% reported no @entity158 or limitations in daily activities. The Cronbach's alpha was above 0.9 for all subscales indicating excellent internal consistency. The test-retest reliability of all KOOS subscales at one-year postoperatively was excellent with ICCs exceeding 0.86 for all subscales. The minimal detectable change on group level ranged from 1.3 to 2.4, and on an individual level from 10.9 to 20.2. @entity6372 was demonstrated since the expected pattern of effect sizes between subscales following ACLR was found. CONCLUSIONS: We found the Polish version of the KOOS to be a valid and reliable instrument for use in @entity1 groups having ACLR. We caution against monitoring individual @entity1 since the smallest change considered clinically relevant cannot reliably be detected.

title: Cross-cultural translation and measurement properties of the Polish version of the @entity3331 and XXXX Outcome Score (KOOS) following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['Osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity3331 :: ('MESH:D007718', 'Disease') :: ['Knee Injury']

entities_list: @entity6372 :: ('MESH:C538007', 'Disease') :: ['Responsiveness']

answer: @entity571 :: (MESH:D010003,Disease) :: ['Osteoarthritis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The inner ear arises from a specialized set of cells, the otic placode, that forms at the lateral edge of the neural plate adjacent to the hindbrain. Previous studies indicated that fibroblast growth factors (Fgfs) are required for otic induction; in @entity3392 , loss of both @entity38696 and @entity28628 results in total ablation of otic tissue. Furthermore, gain-of-function studies suggested that Fgf signaling is not only necessary but also sufficient for otic induction, although the amount of induced ectopic otic tissue reported after misexpression of @entity38696 or @entity28628 varies among different studies. We previously suggested that @entity34976 and @entity19252 may provide competence to form the ear because loss of both @entity34976 and @entity19252 results in ablation of all otic tissue even in the presence of a fully functional Fgf signaling pathway. RESULTS: Using a transgenic line that allows us to misexpress @entity28628 under the control of the @entity3392 temperature-inducible @entity24798 promoter, we readdressed the role of Fgf signaling and otic competence during placode induction. We find that misexpression of @entity28628 fails to induce formation of ectopic otic vesicles outside of the endogenous ear field and has different consequences depending upon the developmental stage. Overexpression of @entity28628 from 1-cell to midgastrula stages leads to formation of no or small otic vesicles, respectively. Overexpression of @entity28628 at these stages never leads to ectopic expression of @entity34976 or @entity19252 , contrary to previous studies that indicated that @entity34976 is activated by Fgf signaling. Consistent with our results we find that pharmacological inhibition of Fgf signaling has no effect on @entity34976 or @entity19252 expression, but instead, Bmp signaling activates @entity34976 , directly and @entity19252 , indirectly. In contrast to early activation of @entity28628 , @entity28628 overexpression at the end of gastrulation, when otic induction begins, leads to much larger otic vesicles. We further show that application of a low dose of @entity1968 that does not perturb patterning of the anterior neural plate leads to expansion of @entity34976 and to a massive Fgf-dependent otic induction. CONCLUSION: These results provide further support for the hypothesis that @entity34976 and @entity19252 provide competence for cells to respond to Fgf and form an otic placode.

title: Fgf-dependent otic induction requires competence provided by XXXX and @entity19252 .

entities_list: @entity1968 :: ('MESH:D014212', 'Chemical') :: ['retinoic acid']

answer: @entity34976 :: (353313(Tax:7955),Gene) :: ['Foxi1']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this clinical trial was to assess the efficacy of goshuyuto, a typical Kampo formula, in preventing episodes of @entity10 in @entity2794 @entity1 . RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Because the treatment target of a Kampo formula is decided on a basis different to that of Western medicine, we first selected @entity1 belonging to a subgroup that responded to goshuyuto before conducting the usual randomized controlled trial. During stage 1, the subjects were instructed to orally consume goshuyuto for 4 weeks. Only those subjects judged as responders advanced to stage 2, during which a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study was conducted. The subjects consumed the same dose of @entity44286 or placebo for 12 weeks. RESULTS: Of the 91 subjects enrolled in stage 1, 60 were judged as responders. Of these, 53 advanced to stage 2; 28 were assigned to the goshuyuto group and 25 to the placebo group. The decrease in the number of days on which @entity10 episodes occurred was greater in the goshuyuto group than in the placebo group (2.6 +/- 3.7 vs. 0.3 +/- 4.0 days, p = 0.034); no difference was observed with regard to the reduction in the frequency of consuming reliever medications (2.2 +/- 4.0 vs. 1.4 +/- 8.2, p = 0.672). Improvement in the associated symptoms was observed in more than 50% of the subjects in the goshuyuto group. CONCLUSION: Goshuyuto is useful in preventing episodes of @entity10 in @entity2794 @entity1 . Responder-limited design is a candidate for evaluating Kampo medicine.

title: The efficacy of goshuyuto, a typical Kampo (Japanese herbal medicine) formula, in preventing episodes of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity2794 :: ('MESH:D020773', 'Disease') :: ['chronic headache']

entities_list: @entity44286 :: ('MESH:C069867', 'Chemical') :: ['goshuyuto']

answer: @entity10 :: (MESH:D006261,Disease) :: ['headache']


abstract: To assess the operative mortality and long-term results in @entity1 undergoing repeat revascularization for recurrent angina, we analyzed 48 consecutive @entity1 operated upon at New York University Medical Center between 1970 and 1978. Between January, 1970, and July, 1973, 15 @entity1 underwent repeat revascularization with five operative deaths (33 percent). Thirty-three @entity1 underwent similar operations from July, 1973, to July, 1978, with only one operative @entity204 (3 percent). Technical factors and improved methods of myocardial protection during the operation directly influence this decrease in operative mortality rate. The indication for reoperation was incapacitating angina developing within 2 months of the inital operation in 18 @entity1 ( @entity177 ) and after more than 2 months in 30 @entity1 (late failures). The @entity177 were most commonly attributed to technical factors (33 percent) and graft occlusion by exuberant pericardial scarring (33 percent). The late failures were commonly related to the development of new native coronary lesions (47 percent) and selection of an incorrect site for distal anastomoses (23 percent). The prognostic and therapeutic implications of these findings will be discussed in detail. @entity951 was abolished or significantly decreased in 90 percent of the survivors, and there were only two late deaths occuring 18 and 20 months postoperatively. These data indicate that @entity1 undergoing repeat myocardial revascularization can be operated upon with low operative mortality rates and symptomatic improvement comparable to that of @entity1 undergoing coronary artery bypass for the first time.

title: XXXX following myocardial revascularization. Does time of recurrence predict etiology and influence results of operation?

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['early failures']

answer: @entity951 :: (MESH:D000787,Disease) :: ['Angina']


abstract: @entity2493 is a pleiotropic molecule with many cellular and systemic actions, including chronobiotic effects. Beneficial effects are widely documented concerning the treatment of @entity5 in vivo as well as reductions in viability of cultured cells from @entity320 , one of the most aggressive @entity5 in @entity1 . However, studies of its effects on @entity5 cells in vitro have not focused on viability, except for experiments aiming to protect against oxidotoxicity or other toxicological insults. Furthermore, there is no agreement on the range of effective @entity2493 concentrations in vitro, and the mechanisms that reduce cell viability have remained unclear. @entity5 cell-specific increases in the production of reactive @entity26 and @entity1568 species (ROS/RNS) may provide a possible explanation. Our aim was to analyze the potential inhibition of @entity5 (B16 @entity320 4A5) and @entity5 cell (3T3 Swiss albino) viability using a wide range of @entity2493 concentrations (10-11-10-2 M), and to determine whether intracellular ROS enhancement was involved in this process. In the absence of @entity2241 ( @entity2241 ), low @entity2493 concentrations (10-9-10-5 M) reduced the proliferation of @entity320 cells with no effect in fibroblasts, whereas, in the presence of @entity2241 , they had no effect or even increased the proliferation of both fibroblast and @entity320 cells. @entity2493 concentrations in the upper millimolar range increased ROS levels and reduced the viability of both cell types, but more markedly so in @entity5 cells. Thus, low @entity2493 concentrations reduce proliferation in this specific @entity320 cell line, whereas high concentrations affect the @entity5 (B16 4A5 @entity320 ) and @entity5 (3T3 fibroblasts) cells. Increased ROS levels in both lines indicate a role for ROS production in the reduction of cell viability at high-but not low- @entity2493 concentrations, although the mechanism of action still remains to be elucidated.

title: A Comparison of B16 Melanoma Cells and 3T3 Fibroblasts Concerning Cell Viability and ROS Production in the Presence of XXXX , Tested Over a Wide Range of Concentrations.

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'non-tumor', 'cancers', 'Tumor', 'neoplastic diseases', 'viability of both tumor']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity2493 :: ('MESH:D008550', 'Chemical') :: ['Melatonin', 'melatonin']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma']

entities_list: @entity2241 :: ('MESH:D005315', 'Disease') :: ['FBS', 'fetal bovine serum']

answer: @entity2493 :: (MESH:D008550,Chemical) :: ['Melatonin']


abstract: @entity4090 , a pituitary hormone, has been shown to have an active role in the regulation of the immune system. @entity4090 receptors have been described on the membrane of lymphocyte cells, and competitive binding to these receptors by @entity205 and circulating @entity4090 has been demonstrated. Experimental evidence suggests a synergistic effect of @entity205 and @entity2847 , an inhibitor of pituitary release of @entity4090 , on immunosuppression. Between July 1986 and January 1988, 54 @entity1 were randomly assigned to two groups of immunosuppression treatment. Thirty @entity1 (group 1) were administered @entity205 , @entity500 , and @entity229 and 24 @entity1 (group 2), a modified protocol aimed at decreasing the level of circulating @entity4090 by adding @entity2847 to the immunosuppression regimen. The two groups were similar in regard to age, preoperative diagnosis, and duration of follow-up. Minimal side effects related to @entity2847 were observed. The overall incidences of rejection and infection were similar, although actuarial analysis showed that freedom from these complications among @entity1 treated with @entity2847 was significantly higher throughout the first 2 months after heart transplantation compared with that of @entity1 in the control group. Other variables such as serum @entity205 levels and lymphocyte counts were similar in both groups. In conclusion, suppression of circulating @entity4090 by @entity2847 appears to improve the immunosuppressive effect of @entity205 , at least during the early postoperative period when the risk of rejection and infection is higher, and could be a promising avenue to successful hormonal manipulations of the immune process after organ transplantation.

title: @entity2847 as an adjuvant to XXXX immunosuppression after heart transplantation.

entities_list: @entity2847 :: ('MESH:D001971', 'Chemical') :: ['bromocriptine']

entities_list: @entity500 :: ('MESH:D001379', 'Chemical') :: ['azathioprine']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity4090 :: ('5617', 'Gene') :: ['prolactin', 'Prolactin']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporine']

answer: @entity205 :: (MESH:D016572,Chemical) :: ['cyclosporine']


abstract: A novel @entity1 @entity1778 cell line (HNT-34) was established from the peripheral blood of a 45-year-old female @entity1 with @entity3052 ( @entity3052 ) transformed from @entity6130 ( @entity6130 ) with 3q21q26 syndrome. Morphologically, the HNT-34 cells were undifferentiated blasts which were negative for @entity3335 . The HNT-34 cells were positive for @entity404 , @entity10793 , @entity1116 and @entity2280 , but negative for CD41a and @entity27463 . The cells actively proliferated in suspension with a doubling time of 26-27h in the absence of any growth factors. Neither proliferative advantage nor differentiation was observed with the addition of G-CSE @entity2841 , @entity2772 , @entity5787 , @entity3733 or PMA. Cytogenetic analysis showed 46,XX. t(3;3)(q21;q26), t(9;22)(q34;q11),20q-. Molecular analysis showed expression of @entity22213 gene, @entity9710 / @entity1861 chimaeric transcripts. The chromosomal breakpoint at 3q26 of HNT-34 cell line was located to approximately 200 kb 5' of @entity44218 locus and more upstream of the @entity22213 . which is the same region as that of somatic cell hybrid line @entity44219 . The breakpoint at 3q21 was located within the 390 kb centromeric from the breakpoint cluster region. These results suggest that the HNT-34 cell line may be a useful tool for the elucidation of the mechanisms of leukaemogenesis which involve the 3q21q26 syndrome and Ph1 chromosome.

title: Establishment of a novel @entity1 @entity1778 cell line (HNT-34) with t(3;3)(q21;q26), t(9;22)(q34;q11) and the expression of @entity22213 gene, P210 and P190 BCR/ABL chimaeric transcripts from a XXXX with @entity3052 after MDS with 3q21q26 syndrome.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3335 :: ('4353', 'Gene') :: ['myeloperoxidase']

entities_list: @entity6130 :: ('MESH:D015477', 'Disease') :: ['chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia', 'CMMoL']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute myelogenous leukaemia', 'AML']

entities_list: @entity44219 :: ('p|SUB|H|10|C', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['H10C']

entities_list: @entity1778 :: ('MESH:D007938', 'Disease') :: ['myeloid leukaemia']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: Gestational @entity1017 (GWG) is an important predictor of short- and long-term adverse maternal and @entity1 outcomes. As interest in long-term outcomes increases, utilization of maternal postpartum report is likely to also increase. There is little data available examining the reliability and identifying predictors of bias in GWG recalled by mothers postpartum. We used data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Birth Cohort, a national study of U.S. @entity1 born in 2001, to compare GWG recalled by mothers approximately 10 months postpartum to GWG recorded on the birth certificate, among 5,650 records. On average, the postpartum estimates were 2.1 lbs higher (standard error, 0.2 lbs.) than the birth certificate report; 54.7% were within 5 lbs, 27.2% were overreported by more than 5 lbs, and 18.2% were underreported by more than 5 lbs. The difference between the two sources increased with GWG reported postpartum and was significantly greater among mothers who were @entity28 prior to pregnancy, had inadequate prenatal care, or were multiparous. Bias also differed by birth outcome, indicating the potential for recall bias. When categorized by adequacy of the 2009 Institute of Medicine GWG recommendations, 70% of @entity1 were similarly categorized, and associations between GWG adequacy and small- and large-birthweight-for-gestational-age did not differ meaningfully by source of GWG data. These results suggest that for future studies, mothers' estimates of their GWG, obtained within approximately 1 year postpartum, may be a reliable substitute when birth certificate GWG data are unavailable.

title: Reliability of gestational XXXX reported postpartum: a comparison to the birth certificate.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'children', 'child']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['weight gain']

answer: @entity1017 :: (MESH:D015430,Disease) :: ['weight gain']


abstract: Cross-sectional studies have shown that factor VII coagulant activity (VIIc) is positively associated with plasma total @entity165 (TC), LDL @entity165 , and @entity1674 (TG) as well as body mass index (BMI) and diastolic blood pressure. To determine whether changes in VIIc parallel changes in coronary risk factors over a period of 2 years, we examined data from 1514 @entity1 in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study (CARDIA), an ongoing investigation of lifestyles and evolution of cardiovascular risk factors. Subjects were 23 to 35 years old at the year 5 examination. Cross-sectional analyses at these examinations showed that VIIc was positively correlated (P < .001) with TC and TG in all race/sex groups except for TC in black @entity1 at the year 5 examination. Changes in VIIc over the 2-year period were correlated positively with changes in TC in all except black @entity1 and TG in all groups; the association of VIIc change with change in TC and TG was reduced only slightly with adjustment for age and BMI at year 5 and 2-year change in BMI. To determine whether the higher levels of VIIc in subjects with higher lipid values were due to activation of the factor or to an increase in the concentration of the factor VII clotting protein, we measured factor VII antigen (VIIag) in a randomly selected subsample of 223 subjects at the year 7 examination. In all sex/race groups, VIIag correlated with VIIc (r = .69 to 0.81). After adjustment for sex and race, the partial correlation coefficient between TG and VIIc was .28 (P = .0001); between TG and VIIag, .35 (P = .0001); between TC and VIIc, .39 (P = .0001); and between TC and VIIag, 0.43 (P = .0001). No associations were observed between lipid levels and the ratio of VIIc to VIIag. We conclude that the raised VIIc with higher lipid levels occurs in blacks as well as whites, in @entity1 and @entity1 , persists over time, and represents a true increase in the plasma concentration of this clotting factor.

title: Factor VII, XXXX , and @entity1674 . The CARDIA Study. Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity165 :: (MESH:D002784,Chemical) :: ['cholesterol']