abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the anatomical and prognostic characteristics of @entity7172 (10 mm or less in size). DESIGN: Retrospective review. SETTING: Community hospital, Spain. SUBJECTS: 36 @entity1 with @entity7172 diagnosed over a period of 20 years from a total of 158 @entity1377 with complete follow-up. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Symptoms, treatment, histopathological confirmation and follow-up compared with those of @entity1377 more than 10 mm in size. RESULTS: Six of the @entity1 with @entity7172 presented with @entity3018 , the remaining 30 being admitted for treatment of associated @entity1374 . In 15 cases the @entity5 was 5 mm or less in size. Thirty were well-differentiated, 2 were follicular, and 2 showed signs of @entity7622 . Three had recurred after total thyroidectomy, but no @entity1 died. When the results were compared with those of the @entity1 with larger @entity5 , we found differences in histological type (p = 0.001), the incidence of @entity3018 (p = 0.03), @entity2802 stage (p = 0.001) and mortality (p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS: There are clinical, histopathological, and prognostic differences between @entity7172 (which do well) and larger papillary @entity5 .

title: XXXX : clinical study and prognosis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1377 :: ('MESH:D002291', 'Disease') :: ['papillary carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity3018 :: ('MESH:D009377', 'Disease') :: ['adenopathy']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity7172 :: ('MESH:C563277', 'Disease') :: ['microcarcinomas', 'papillary thyroid microcarcinomas', 'papillary microcarcinomas']

entities_list: @entity7622 :: ('MESH:C537346', 'Disease') :: ['diffuse sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity1374 :: ('MESH:D013959', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid diseases']

answer: @entity7172 :: (MESH:C563277,Disease) :: ['Papillary thyroid microcarcinoma']


abstract: The purpose of this study is to report the results of a single limited-incision technique for repair of @entity697 by use of suture anchors. Sixty consecutive @entity1 underwent distal biceps repair after an acute rupture between January 1997 and January 2001 by use of a limited antecubital incision and suture anchors. Fifty-three @entity1 could be evaluated at a mean follow-up of 38.1 months. A limited transverse incision was made in the antecubital fossa. The retracted biceps tendon end was identified, retrieved, and lightly debrided. Two suture anchors were placed in the radial tuberosity, and the tendon was reapproximated. Final follow-up consisted of physical examination, radiographs, and Andrews-Carson elbow score tabulations. According to the Andrews-Carson scores, there were 46 excellent and 7 good results. In 2 @entity1 , @entity2736 developed that resulted in a mild loss of @entity717 and mild @entity158 . In 1 @entity1 , a temporary @entity4542 developed, which resolved completely within 8 weeks. Repair of @entity697 via a limited antecubital incision and suture anchors is a safe, effective technique.

title: Single-incision repair of XXXX by use of suture anchors.

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute distal biceps tears', 'acute distal biceps ruptures']

entities_list: @entity2736 :: ('MESH:D009999', 'Disease') :: ['heterotopic ossification']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['forearm rotation']

entities_list: @entity4542 :: ('MESH:D020425', 'Disease') :: ['radial nerve palsy']

answer: @entity697 :: (MESH:D000208,Disease) :: ['acute distal biceps ruptures']


abstract: Background. The risk of @entity43 is increased in the association of @entity43 , @entity843 , and hydrothorax with the significant elevated @entity5 marker @entity10224 . However, this association can be observed in a rare clinical and benign pathological entity, that is @entity18711 . Objective. To describe a rare case of @entity18711 observed in our department. Methods. A black African @entity1 of 35 years old, seventh gravida and fourth parous, underwent a total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingoophorectomy for large bilateral ovarian masses associated with significant @entity843 , bilateral @entity1143 , and particular highly elevated @entity5 marker @entity10224 (1835   UI/mL) in a pronounced general alteration condition. Results. The postoperative course was uneventful characterized by a complete remission of hydrothorax and @entity843 with normal level of @entity10224 three months after @entity5 excision. Histology of both masses revealed a bilateral @entity43 , a @entity5 , thus confirming the diagnosis of @entity18711 . Conclusion. The @entity18711 , although it strongly mimics the clinical picture of malignant metastatic @entity43 , remains a disease with benign prognosis after surgical @entity5 resection. This is a rare condition that must be known and recognized by practitioners to avoid unnecessary practices.

title: Bilateral Ovarian Fibrothecoma Associated with Ascites, XXXX , and Marked Elevated Serum @entity10224 .

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian tumor', 'ovarian cancer', 'ovarian fibrothecoma']

entities_list: @entity1143 :: ('MESH:D010996', 'Disease') :: ['pleural effusion']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'benign tumor of the ovary']

entities_list: @entity18711 :: ('MESH:D008538', 'Disease') :: ['Demons-Meigs syndrome', "Demons-Meigs' syndrome"]

answer: @entity1143 :: (MESH:D010996,Disease) :: ['Bilateral Pleural Effusion']


abstract: A total of 1700 male food handlers, above 20 years of age who came for health clearance certificate were the subjects of the present study. Health assessment questionnaire was filled out on each @entity1 including dietary habits, water supply, history of @entity66 . Clinical examination and stool samples collection in 3 alternative days were performed. The food handlers were divided into symptomatic (700) and saymptomatic (1000). Different concentration methods as well as test tube culture for Strongyloides larvae were done. Samples were preserved in @entity939 , trichrome stained slides were examined for @entity4801 . Nineteen percent had @entity11333 , @entity461 , @entity2330 , A.. lumbricoides, @entity383 , A. duodenale, @entity13857 , H. nana, St. stercoralis, @entity14188 and @entity325 _ non-pathogenic; @entity526 , I. Butschlii, C. mesnilli, E. nana, T. hominis and @entity325 . Blastocystis hominis was recovered from stools of 8.5% of symptomatic and 4% of asymptomatic. 2.4% symptomatic and 2% asymptomatic had B. hominis significant @entity281 . B hominis was considered significant if > 5 organisms per HPF was counted. Significant @entity281 was higher among symptomatic than asymptomatic @entity1 with detectable faecal leucocytes especially eosinophils. The authors recommended that physicians as well as diagnostic parasitologists should be aware of the potential clinical significance of B. hominis especially, when present alone in significant number, otherwise positive cases must be considered as carriers and followed up for any ill effects.

title: Intestinal XXXX among food-handlers in Qualyobia Governorate, with reference to the pathogenic parasite blastocystis hominis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['person', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity11333 :: ('MESH:D007411', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal parasites']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhoeal disease']

entities_list: @entity2330 :: ('5759', 'Species') :: ['E. histolytica']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity325 :: ('MESH:D060085', 'Disease') :: ['mixed infection']

entities_list: @entity4801 :: ('MESH:D010272', 'Disease') :: ['protozoal parasites']

answer: @entity4801 :: (MESH:D010272,Disease) :: ['parasites']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: In the thrombolytic era, it was reported that in the presence of significant @entity3979 , lowering diastolic blood pressure ( @entity11559 ) below a critical threshold would result in a paradoxical increase in the occurrence of @entity583 ( @entity583 ). We sought to re-evaluate this J-shaped relation in the era of pharmacoinvasive therapy. METHODS: A total of 182 @entity1 who underwent early (<1 week, mean 2.3 days) coronary angioplasty after thrombolysis were analysed. RESULTS: Thrombolytic agents (streptokinase in 60%, tissue plasminogen activator in 40%) were administered in an average door-to-needle time of 66 min (<=30 min in 43 [24%] @entity1 ). A thrombolysis in @entity583 (TIMI) 3 flow was achieved in 56% of @entity1 after thrombolysis, and it was enhanced to 92% after angioplasty. During an average follow-up period of 26 +/-13 months, the adverse event ( @entity204 , re- @entity583 , target vessel revascularisation or @entity64 ) rate was 21%. Older age, low systolic blood pressure and @entity11559 , fast heart rate, high @entity908 kinase, hypercholesterolaemia, @entity715 -laden lesion, baseline TIMI 0-2 flow were associated with higher occurrence of adverse events. After adjusting for the differing clinical and procedural factors, low @entity11559 (odds ratio 1.10, 95% confidence interval 1.01-1.20, P = 0.041), fast heart rate (odds ratio 1.08, 95% confidence interval 1.02-1.14, P = 0.008) and anterior @entity583 (odds ratio 18.98, 95% confidence interval 2.13-169.19, P = 0.008) were all independent predictors of long-term adverse rate occurrence. CONCLUSIONS: A low @entity11559 is an independent predictor of long-term adverse event rates in @entity1 undergoing routine early coronary angioplasty after thrombolysis. This suggests that excessive lowering of @entity11559 may not be desirable before complete revascularisation.

title: Inverse relation between diastolic blood pressure and long-term outcomes in XXXX undergoing pharmacoinvasive therapy for @entity583 : the J-shaped relation in the contemporary era of revascularisation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity908 :: ('MESH:D003401', 'Chemical') :: ['creatine']

entities_list: @entity3979 :: ('MESH:D023921', 'Disease') :: ['coronary stenosis']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'MI']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombus']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: @entity0 is the first or second @entity5 among @entity1 worldwide. @entity221 ( @entity221 ) and quality of life (QoL) are major issues considering @entity0 management. An attempt was here made to inspect the predictive variables influencing @entity221 and their impact on QoL in @entity5 @entity1 . The key predictors adapted from previous studies including life satisfaction, perceived social support, self-esteem, hope, optimism, and spiritual well being were taken into account. Our sample included 200 female volunteers suffering from @entity0 applying exclusion criteria. The data were collected using various questionnaires and statistically analyzed by means of path analysis and structural equation modeling. The results revealed that of the six predictors, spiritual well being and social support had direct effects on QoL and @entity221 . The only path with significant indirect correlation with @entity221 was social support. Spiritual well being had the second significant direct effect on @entity221 . Self-esteem occupied the third rank in direct effects on both QoL and @entity221 . In conclusion, here in Iran and most likely in other strongly religious communities, spiritual intervention is an effective strategy to raise QoL. Also social support helps @entity1 suffering from @entity0 to experience better conception and coping strategies.

title: Model Development of Illness Perception and Consequences in Breast Cancer XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'malignancy']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['Illness perception', 'IP']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['Breast cancer', 'breast cancer']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: Light-chain ( @entity1582 ) @entity2783 remains incurable despite recent therapeutic advances. Given the activity of the @entity6985 -alkylating agent combination in @entity1582 , we designed this phase 2 trial of @entity6985 , @entity786 , and @entity619 in @entity1582 . Thirty-five @entity1 , including 24 previously untreated, were enrolled. Nearly one-half of the @entity1 had @entity4617 and 28% had >=  3 organs involved. The overall hematologic response (>=  partial response [PR]) rate was 60%, including 40% with very-good partial response or better. Using serum-free light chain for assessing response, 77% of @entity1 had a hematologic response. Organ responses were seen in 29% of @entity1 and were limited to those with a hematologic response. The median hematologic progression-free survival was 28.3 months, and the median overall survival was 37.8 months. @entity1503 was the predominant adverse event, followed by @entity1295 , @entity4 , and @entity344 . A grade 3 or higher @entity137 occurred in 26 @entity1 (74%) including >=  grade 3 hematologic @entity137 in 16 @entity1 (46%) and >=  grade 3 nonhematologic @entity137 in 25 @entity1 (71%). Seven @entity1 (20%) died on study, primarily because of @entity1442 . @entity6985 , @entity786 , and @entity619 ( @entity13464 ) is an effective combination for treatment of @entity1582 and leads to durable hematologic responses as well as organ responses with manageable @entity137 . The trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT00564889).

title: @entity6985 , @entity786 , and @entity619 ( XXXX ) for light-chain @entity2783 : long-term results from a phase 2 trial.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity2783 :: ('MESH:D000686', 'Disease') :: ['amyloidosis']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity4617 :: ('MESH:D006338', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac stage III disease']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal symptoms']

entities_list: @entity1582 :: ('MESH:D009101', 'Disease') :: ['AL amyloidosis', 'myeloma', 'AL']

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['dexamethasone']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['Hematologic toxicity']

entities_list: @entity1442 :: ('MESH:D020178', 'Disease') :: ['advanced disease']

entities_list: @entity6985 :: ('MESH:C467567', 'Chemical') :: ['Lenalidomide', 'lenalidomide']

answer: @entity13464 :: (1406,Gene) :: ['CRd']


abstract: The mechanisms by which interferon-alpha ( @entity3027 ) mediates its anti- @entity1778 effects in @entity1860 ( @entity1860 ) cells are not known. We determined whether @entity1435 MAPK is activated by @entity3027 in @entity1861 -expressing cells and whether its function is required for the generation of growth inhibitory responses. @entity3027 treatment induced phosphorylation/activation of @entity1435 in the @entity3027 -sensitive @entity44189 cell line, but not in @entity3027 -resistant K562 cells. Consistent with this, @entity3027 treatment of @entity44189 (but not K562) cells induced activation of the small GTPase @entity5180 , which functions as an upstream regulator of @entity1435 . In addition, @entity3027 -dependent phosphorylation/activation of @entity1435 was induced by treatment of primary granulocytes isolated from the peripheral blood of @entity1 with @entity1860 . To define the functional role of the @entity5180 / @entity1435 MAPK pathway in @entity3027 signaling, the effects of pharmacological inhibition of @entity1435 on the induction of @entity3027 responses were determined. Treatment of @entity44189 cells with the @entity1435 -specific inhibitors @entity1441 and @entity4285 reversed the growth inhibitory effects of @entity3027 . On the other hand, the MEK kinase inhibitor @entity4286 had no effects, further demonstrating the specificity of these findings. To directly determine the significance of @entity3027 -dependent activation of @entity1435 in the induction of the anti- @entity1778 effects of @entity3027 , we evaluated the effects of @entity1435 inhibition on @entity1778 colony formation in bone marrow samples of @entity1 with @entity1860 . @entity3027 inhibited @entity1778 granulocyte/macrophage colony formation in a dose-dependent manner, whereas concomitant treatment with @entity1435 inhibitors reversed such an inhibition. Thus, the @entity5180 / @entity1435 MAPK pathway is activated by @entity3027 in @entity1861 -expressing cells and appears to play a key role in the generation of the growth inhibitory effects of @entity3027 in @entity1860 cells.

title: The @entity1435 MAPK pathway mediates the growth inhibitory effects of interferon-alpha in XXXX -expressing cells.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1860 :: ('MESH:D015464', 'Disease') :: ['CML', 'chronic myelogenous leukemia']

answer: @entity1861 :: (25,Gene) :: ['BCR-ABL']


abstract: AIMS: @entity2335 / @entity2336 (IC/BPS) is a @entity74 that may contribute to @entity150 ( @entity150 ). This cohort study set out to investigate the association between IC/BPS and @entity150 by using a population-based dataset. METHODS: The data for this study were sourced from the Taiwan National Health Insurance program. The case cohort comprised 7,562 @entity1 with IC/BPS, and 22,686 randomly selected subjects were used as a comparison cohort. A Cox proportional hazards regression model (stratified by age group, geographic location, urbanization level, and the index year) was constructed to estimate the risk of subsequent @entity150 following a diagnosis of IC/BPS. We also ran the analysis utilizing an alternative comparison cohort composed of @entity1 with @entity322 ( @entity322 ). RESULTS: In the study sample of 30,248 @entity1 , 96 @entity1 (0.32%) received a diagnosis of @entity150 during the 3-year follow-up period; 48 (0.63% of @entity1 with IC/BPS) were from the study cohort; and 48 (0.21% of @entity1 without IC/BPS) were from the comparison cohort. The incidence rate of @entity150 was 2.12 (95% CI: 1.58-2.78) per 1,000 @entity1 -years in @entity1 with IC/BPS and 0.70 (95% CI: 0.52-0.92) per 1,000 @entity1 -years in comparison @entity1 . Cox proportional analysis revealed that the adjusted HR for @entity150 during the 3-year follow-up period for @entity1 with IC/BPS was 2.95 (95% CI: 1.97-4.41) that of comparison subjects. When performing the analysis with the alternative @entity322 comparison cohort, the adjusted HR for @entity150 was 1.96 (95% CI: 1.14-3.39). CONCLUSIONS: This investigation detected a novel association between @entity150 and prior IC/BPS.

title: Increased risk of @entity150 following diagnosis with XXXX / @entity2335 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'person']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['urinary incontinence', 'UI']

entities_list: @entity2336 :: ('MESH:D018856', 'Disease') :: ['bladder pain syndrome']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['BC', 'bladder cancer']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['prevalent disorder']

entities_list: @entity2335 :: ('MESH:D003556', 'Disease') :: ['Interstitial cystitis']

answer: @entity2336 :: (MESH:D018856,Disease) :: ['bladder pain syndrome']


abstract: Florigraze rhizoma peanut (Arachis glabrata Benth.) is a very persistent, high quality legume that is well adapted to subtropical and tropical environments. This legume was ensiled and compared with @entity4336 silage ( @entity2829 ) as a feedstuff for lactating dairy @entity291 . Twelve Holstein @entity291 , including 4 ruminally fistulated @entity291 (mean, 70 days in milk), were used in an experiment with a 4 x 4 Latin square design replicated three times. Diets were formulated to contain 50% concentrate on a @entity62 ( @entity62 ) basis. Dietary treatments were rhizoma peanut silage and @entity4336 silage fed at @entity62 ratios of 0:50, 20:30, 35:15, and 50:0. The @entity62 intake, digestibilities of @entity62 and crude protein, and production of milk and fat-corrected milk decreased quadratically as the percentage of legume in the diet increased. Nearly all of the decrease occurred when rhizoma peanut silage was the sole forage in the diet. The organic matter digestibility of the two forage types was similar; however, digestion of crude protein in rhizoma peanut silage was only 45% (calculated using simultaneous equations). Ruminal pH increased, and @entity3265 and total volatile @entity844 concentrations decreased, as the percentage of rhizoma peanut silage in the diet increased. In situ digestion rate constants for @entity62 of rhizoma peanut silage were twice that of @entity4336 silage, but extent of @entity62 digestion was greater for @entity4336 silage. Passage rates of concentrates and forage were unaffected by dietary treatments. Rhizoma peanut silage can replace 70% of @entity4336 silage in diets containing 50% concentrate without affecting dairy @entity291 performance.

title: Intake and nutritive value of florigraze rhizoma peanut silage for lactating dairy XXXX .

entities_list: @entity844 :: ('CHEBI:35366', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['DM', 'dry matter']

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['cows']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Intrathecal injection of @entity1338 and @entity6948 produce behavioral analgesia by an alpha 2-adrenergic mechanism. Functional and anatomic studies suggest that this analgesia is mediated by cholinergic activation. This hypothesis was directly tested by measuring extracellular @entity934 concentrations in spinal cord interstitial fluid by means of microdialysis after intrathecal injection of these alpha 2-adrenergic agonists in @entity742 . METHODS: Twelve @entity742 with chronically implanted thoracic intrathecal catheters were anesthetized with @entity1508 . Multiple 200-micron-diameter dialysis fibers were inserted surgically at a mid-thoracic level through the dorsal horn and perfused with artificial cerebrospinal fluid. After baseline sampling, either @entity1338 (100 micrograms), @entity6948 (100 micrograms), or saline were injected intrathecally. Microdialysis samples were analyzed by high-pressure liquid chromatography for @entity934 and @entity1063 . RESULTS: Both alpha 2-adrenergic agonists increased @entity934 in microdialysate, whereas intrathecal saline had no effect. Analysis of the raw data showed that all groups differed significantly, with greater levels of @entity934 following administration of @entity6948 than @entity1338 or saline. Unexpectedly, intrathecal @entity1338 also increased microdialysate @entity1063 levels. CONCLUSIONS: These data are consistent with previous experiments measuring @entity934 concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid and support analgesia from alpha 2-adrenergic agonists mediated in part by cholinergic activation. In addition, the increase in @entity1063 concentrations after intrathecal administration of @entity1338 suggest stimulation of @entity1063 release by this agent.

title: Intrathecal alpha 2-adrenergic agonists stimulate @entity934 and @entity1063 release from the spinal cord dorsal horn in XXXX . An in vivo microdialysis study.

entities_list: @entity1508 :: ('MESH:D006221', 'Chemical') :: ['halothane']

entities_list: @entity1338 :: ('MESH:D003000', 'Chemical') :: ['clonidine']

entities_list: @entity6948 :: ('MESH:D020927', 'Chemical') :: ['dexmedetomidine']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['norepinephrine']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity742 :: (9940,Species) :: ['sheep']


abstract: PURPOSE: This study was designed to examine the draining lymph node basin at highest risk of @entity3 in lower @entity5 using 99 mTc-tin colloid. METHODS: In 43 @entity1 , the area with highest hot nodes density was defined as the draining lymph node basin using a gamma probe. Metastatic states of all removed lymph nodes were examined histologically. RESULTS: A total of 203 hot nodes were identified in 39 @entity1 (91 percent) with a mean of 5.2 nodes. The number of removed lymph nodes was 808 nodes: 670 nodes in the mesorectum, and 138 nodes in the pelvis. In 21 @entity1 , the metastatic states of 119 nodes were investigated histologically. From the distribution of the identified hot nodes, the draining lymph node basins were classified into two patterns: lateral type (n = 17), and mesorectal type (n = 22). Only 20 (17 percent) of 119 positive nodes were identified as hot node. @entity5 cells that occupied the lymph node diffusely or massively probably interfered with the exact diagnosis of @entity3 . Lymph node @entity3 in the pelvis was observed in 5 @entity1 (13 percent). One false negative was of the mesorectal type with diffuse @entity3 in the para-aortic lymph nodes. The remaining four @entity1 were of the lateral type and all positive lymph nodes, including positive nonhot nodes, were located within the draining lymph node basin. Consequently, in 20 (95.2 percent) of 21 @entity1 with lymph node @entity3 , all positive lymph nodes were located within the draining lymph node basin of the @entity5 . CONCLUSIONS: Two types of the draining lymph node basin of advanced lower @entity5 were identified using this method. The concordance between lymph node @entity3 and the draining lymph node basin is good.

title: A preliminary study of the draining lymph node basin in advanced lower XXXX using a radioactive tracer.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor', 'rectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'metastases']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['rectal cancer']


abstract: Autoregulation of cerebral blood flow ("CBF15") was tested in a series of 26 pediatric @entity1 (mean age 13.2 years) with severe @entity542 (average Glasgow @entity772 Scale (GCS) score 5.5) in the acute stage. A baseline 133Xe CBF measurement was performed and then repeated, after blood pressure was increased by 29% with intravenous @entity2647 or decreased by 26% with intravenous @entity37538 . Correlations were made between CBF and clinical condition, outcome, time after injury, @entity428 ( @entity428 ), and pressure-volume index (PVI) changes, and the site of injury (hemispheres, diencephalon, or brain stem). The site of injury was determined with multimodality evoked potential measurements. Autoregulation was intact in 22 (59%) of 37 measurements. There was no correlation with GCS score, outcome, time after injury, site of injury, or way of testing (decreasing or increasing blood pressure). Autoregulation was statistically significantly more often impaired when CBF was either below normal -2 @entity5494 ( @entity5494 ) (reduced flow) or above normal +2 @entity5494 ( @entity450 ). In cases with intact autoregulation, mean @entity428 decreased from 17.5 to 15.0 mm Hg with higher blood pressure and increased from 19.0 to 21.3 mm Hg with lower blood pressure. When PVI was measured during the blood pressure manipulations, it was found to change in a direction opposite to the @entity428 change. The consequences of these findings in the management of @entity428 problems with blood pressure control are discussed.

title: Cerebral blood flow and metabolism in severely head-injured XXXX . Part 2: Autoregulation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity37538 :: ('MESH:C017774', 'Chemical') :: ['trimethaphan camsylate']

entities_list: @entity5494 :: ('MESH:D010262', 'Disease') :: ['SD', 'standard deviations']

entities_list: @entity428 :: ('MESH:D019586', 'Disease') :: ['ICP', 'intracranial pressure']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['head injury']

entities_list: @entity450 :: ('MESH:D006940', 'Disease') :: ['absolute hyperemia']

entities_list: @entity2647 :: ('MESH:D010656', 'Chemical') :: ['phenylephrine']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: Acute @entity5327 is commonly seen in old @entity1 . This study was undertaken to show that @entity5327 might be seen in individuals under 40 years of age and that its diagnosis is challenging. Twenty-six @entity1 with acute @entity5327 under the age of 40 were studied. The main symptom on admission was @entity490 . Symptom duration varied between 12 h and 5 days. The medical history of the @entity1 revealed that 9 had no previous diseases. Other 17 had predisposing factors in the first evaluation. None of the @entity1 had any history of @entity734 . Ten @entity1 presented with signs and symptoms of @entity295 and @entity326 . Preoperative diagnosis was acute intestinal @entity63 only in 6 @entity1 . Preoperatively, all the @entity1 had intestinal or @entity63 and @entity39 ; one had additional @entity63 of the liver, stomach, duodenum, and pancreas. Six @entity1 had massive @entity39 . The overall postoperative complication and overall mortality rates were 61.5 and 26.9 %, respectively. Complications and mortality were determined to be associated with previous @entity358 , @entity520 , presence of @entity326 , @entity810 , extent of the @entity63 and extent of resection, second look operations, previous @entity299 , and the kind of affected bowel ( @entity1049 ).

title: Acute XXXX in young adults.

entities_list: @entity326 :: ('MESH:D012772', 'Disease') :: ['septic shock']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['colonic ischemia', 'ischemia']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis', 'intestinal necrosis']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac events']

entities_list: @entity520 :: ('MESH:D000138', 'Disease') :: ['acidosis']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary disease']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['acute renal failure']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['narcotic or drug abuse']

entities_list: @entity5327 :: ('MESH:D065666', 'Disease') :: ['mesenteric ischemia']

entities_list: @entity1049 :: ('MESH:D003108', 'Disease') :: ['colon involvement']

answer: @entity5327 :: (MESH:D065666,Disease) :: ['mesenteric ischemia']


abstract: @entity1 with @entity2416 have a high incidence of @entity2 and a worse prognosis for clinical treatment. A few molecules with antifibrosis properties have been shown promoting @entity5 progression in clinical trials. The objective of this study was to determine whether there is a similar tendency in @entity19 as in @entity1 beings and whether these @entity19 models may be used to find new therapeutic agents with antifibrotic properties but not @entity5 -promoting properties. We used @entity1732 to induce @entity3794 in @entity19 with or without @entity21119 treatment and measured the immune-associated lymphocytes and their secreted cytokines using flow cytometry and ELISA from lung tissue. Both passive and spontaneous metastatic models in @entity1732 -treated C57BL/6 and BALB/c @entity19 were used to test the hypothesis that @entity19 with @entity3794 could have an increased risk of @entity2 and associated @entity5 progression. Here, we show that @entity19 with @entity82 challenged using tumors show an increased incidence of lung @entity3 and shorter life spans compared with the @entity19 without @entity82 . A fibrotic environment in the lung results in increased abundance of @entity641 and @entity1961 (+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells and a decreased proportion of activated effector T cells. This grave immunosuppressive environment favors @entity5 localization and growth. @entity21119 significantly reduces lung metastases in @entity19 with @entity3794 and increases their survival by improving the immunosuppressive environment through down-regulating @entity641 and reducing regulatory T cells. @entity21119 could be an ideal therapeutic agent in the treatment of both @entity5 and @entity82 .

title: @entity21119 : a potential immunomodulator for inhibiting @entity82 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'human']

entities_list: @entity21119 :: ('MESH:C005273', 'Chemical') :: ['naringenin', 'Naringenin']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['lung fibrosis', 'fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity641 :: ('21803(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['transforming growth factor-beta1']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity3794 :: ('MESH:D011658', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity2416 :: ('MESH:D054990', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity1732 :: ('MESH:D001761', 'Chemical') :: ['bleomycin']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['metastasis']


abstract: The objective was to identify evidence to support use of specific harms for the development of a @entity1 and young @entity1 's safety thermometer (CYPST). We searched PubMed, Web of Knowledge, and Cochrane Library post-1999 for studies in pediatric settings about @entity158 , skin integrity, extravasation injury, and use of @entity4806 ( @entity4806 ). Following screening, nine relevant articles were included. Convergent synthesis methods were used drawing on thematic analysis to combine findings from studies using a range of methods (qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods). A review of @entity4806 was identified so other studies on this issue were excluded. No relevant studies about extravasation injury were identified. The synthesized results therefore focused on @entity158 and skin integrity. Measurement and perception of @entity158 were complex and not always carried out according to best practice. Skin abrasions were common and mostly associated with device related @entity130 . The findings demonstrate a need for further work on perceptions of @entity158 and effective communication of concerns about @entity158 between parents and nursing staff. Strategies for reducing device-related @entity130 warrant further research focusing on prevention. Together with the review of @entity4806 , these synthesized findings support the inclusion of @entity158 , skin integrity, and @entity4806 in the CYPST.

title: Reviewing the Evidence Base for the @entity1 and Young XXXX Safety Thermometer (CYPST): A Mixed Studies Review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'people']

entities_list: @entity4806 :: ('MESH:D063766', 'Disease') :: ['pediatric early warning scores', 'PEWS']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['injuries']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['People']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Assessing @entity158 (PT) is difficult to perform in a standardized way. With this study, we measured @entity158 in athletes with PT by means of @entity158 pressure threshold ( @entity3445 ) algometry in a standardized manner. Subsequently, the goal of this study is to determine normative values for clinical use. DESIGN: Observational study. SETTING: @entity1 and healthy subjects were recruited from an outpatient clinic of a university medical center and at different sports clubs in northern Netherlands. SUBJECTS: A total of 234 athletes, 114 diagnosed with PT and 120 healthy controls, were included. OUTCOME MEASURES: @entity3445 , Victorian Institute of Sport Assessment-Patellar @entity924 questionnaire, and @entity227 . RESULTS: @entity3445 scores of PT athletes with @entity924 were significantly lower compared with healthy athletes (Mann-Whitney U-test; U = 293.5; P < 0.001). With a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, the optimal cut-off point to distinguish between healthy athletes and PT athletes was calculated at 36.8 N. The area under the ROC curve was 0.98 (95% CI: 0.96-1.0). There was a positive predictive value of 96.5% that athletes with a @entity3445 below 36.8 N. had PT. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3445 algometry should be considered by clinicians as a @entity158 assessment tool in @entity1 with PT. The optimal cut-off point for the @entity3445 to distinguish between PT athletes and healthy athletes was 36.8 N.

title: XXXX assessment in patellar @entity924 using @entity158 pressure threshold algometry: an observational study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual analog scale-pain']

entities_list: @entity924 :: ('MESH:D052256', 'Disease') :: ['tendinopathy']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'pain in patellar tendinopathy']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['Pain']


abstract: Between 1980 and 1986 we transplanted 49 @entity1 from genotypically identical sibling donors for severe @entity2150 (SAA). @entity1 were predominantly adults, median age 22 years (3-47). Forty-six were multiply transfused prior to referral. The median pre-transplant disease duration was 4 months (1-72). Pre-transplant conditioning was with @entity786 (CY) 200 mg/kg. @entity205 (CSA) was given from 1 day before the transplant and continued for 9-12 months. Eight of 48 evaluable @entity1 did not achieve initial engraftment (early graft failure). Six of these episodes occurred in the eight cases transplanted more than 1 year after diagnosis, four of whom died. Thirteen of 44 (30%) evaluable @entity1 (with stable engraftment after one or two transplants) had grade III-IV @entity2132 ( @entity2132 ). Only three of 35 @entity1 surviving more than 100 days with sustained engraftment developed generalized chronic @entity2132 ; two died. An additional 10 @entity1 developed localized chronic @entity2132 , which was very mild, transient and related to CSA withdrawal. Four long-term survivors are known to have autologous marrow function. All survivors have Karnofsky scores of greater than 90%. We conclude that the use of @entity870 after bone marrow transplantation for SAA is associated with good long-term survival and minimal on-going chronic @entity2132 . Early graft failure was frequent when transplantation was delayed beyond 1 year from diagnosis.

title: Bone marrow transplantation for severe XXXX using cyclosporin: long-term follow-up.

entities_list: @entity2150 :: ('MESH:D000741', 'Disease') :: ['aplastic anaemia']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['Cyclosporin A']

entities_list: @entity2132 :: ('MESH:D006086', 'Disease') :: ['GVHD', 'acute graft-versus-host disease']

answer: @entity2150 :: (MESH:D000741,Disease) :: ['aplastic anaemia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the correlation between @entity4932 ( @entity4932 ) measures of disease activity and damage in @entity1 with early and late disease. METHODS: Three cohorts of @entity1 with @entity4932 duration < or =1 year (early disease, n = 70), 5-9.9 years ( @entity1442 , n = 114), and > or =10 years (longstanding disease, n = 39) were studied. Measures included physician's global assessment of overall disease activity ( @entity601 global), parent's global assessment of the @entity1 's well-being (parent global) and @entity158 ( @entity158 ), joint counts, @entity283 ( @entity283 ), erythrocyte sedimentation rate, @entity1851 level, and Poznanski score of radiographic damage. RESULTS: In all cohorts, the @entity601 global assessment was generally well correlated with the other variables, except the Poznanski score. The parent global assessment was correlated strongly with the @entity158 assessment and moderately with the @entity283 irrespective of disease duration. Correlations between the @entity283 and the joint counts were low in early disease, moderate in @entity1442 , and high to moderate in longstanding disease. Correlation between the @entity283 and the Poznanski score was low in early and @entity1442 and moderate in longstanding disease. The Poznanski score was highly correlated with the number of joints with restricted motion in longstanding disease. CONCLUSION: We found important differences in the level of correlation between @entity4932 measures of activity and damage in @entity1 with different lengths of disease duration. These findings have important implications for clinical trials because they indicate that the responsiveness of some variables and their correlation with other variables change as disease duration changes.

title: Correlation between XXXX activity and damage measures in early, advanced, and longstanding disease.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['child', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity283 :: ('OMIM:603663', 'Disease') :: ['Childhood Health Assessment Questionnaire', 'CHAQ']

entities_list: @entity4932 :: ('MESH:D001171', 'Disease') :: ['JIA disease', 'JIA', 'juvenile idiopathic arthritis']

entities_list: @entity1442 :: ('MESH:D020178', 'Disease') :: ['advanced disease']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'parent pain']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

answer: @entity4932 :: (MESH:D001171,Disease) :: ['juvenile idiopathic arthritis']


abstract: Background: In our previous @entity235 model of @entity1028 , although @entity439 growth was observed, the @entity439 did not @entity397 . This prompted us to develop a @entity1707 model, which has the advantage of fibrinolytic and coagulation systems similar to those found in @entity1 . Methods: We simulated @entity439 by connecting fascia pouches to the aorta. In nine @entity1707 , two pieces of fascia (5 x 8 cm each) were sutured to the posterior surface of the aorta. After the lateral edges of the aorta were sutured together, the aorta was clamped below the renal arteries and at the aortic bifurcation. We then resected a piece of aorta within the pouch, clamped the pouch below the open roof, and unclamped the aorta. When the entire pouch had been sutured, the last clamp was removed and blood flowed into the " @entity439 ." The total aortic cross clamp time was between 4 and 25 minutes. Results: " @entity439 " size ranged from 3.0 x 2.5 cm to 7.5 x 4.0 cm (length x width). @entity397 occurred in seven @entity1707 between 4 and 43 days after initial surgery; however, @entity397 occurred at a suture site. @entity439 size at @entity397 was two to four times greater than that of the original pouch. We found @entity715 in all of the @entity439 examined more than 2 days after surgery. Histology revealed @entity439 walls that were thicker than the fascia. Although fascia segments could be identified because of their characteristic trilayer of thick collagen fibers, most of the @entity439 wall contained thin collagen fibers. These observations are consistent with new collagen production. Conclusion: We constructed a @entity1707 model of @entity1028 that possessed the features of growth and @entity397 necessary to simulate @entity1 @entity439 . Our method will allow techniques designed to isolate @entity439 from the circulation to be tested in a model with a fibrinolytic system similar to that of @entity1 .

title: Spontaneous Rupture and @entity715 Effects in a @entity1707 Model of Untreated XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms', 'aneurysm', 'Aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity397 :: ('MESH:D012421', 'Disease') :: ['Aneury sm rupture', 'rupture', 'rupture never']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombus']

entities_list: @entity1028 :: ('MESH:D017544', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal aortic aneurysm']

answer: @entity1028 :: (MESH:D017544,Disease) :: ['Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms']


abstract: Studies in several species of rodents show that @entity5463 ( @entity1831 ) acting through a V1A receptor facilitates @entity146 , i.e., the initiation of attacks and bites, whereas @entity750 ( @entity750 ) acting through a 5-HT1B receptor inhibits aggressive responding. One area of the CNS that seems critical for the organization of aggressive behavior is the basolateral hypothalamus, particularly the anterior @entity1640 region. The present studies examine the neuroanatomical and neurochemical interaction between @entity1831 and @entity750 at the level of the @entity1347 ( @entity1347 ) in the control of @entity146 in @entity329 . First, specific V1A and 5-HT1B binding sites in the @entity1347 are shown by in vitro receptor autoradiography. The binding for each neurotransmitter colocalizes with a dense field of immunoreactive @entity1831 and @entity750 fibers and putative terminals. Putative @entity750 synapses on @entity1831 neurons in the area of the @entity1347 are identified by double-staining immunocytochemistry and laser scanning confocal microscopy. These morphological data predispose a functional interaction between @entity1831 and @entity750 at the level of the @entity1347 . When tested for @entity146 in a resident/intruder paradigm, resident hamsters treated with @entity905 , a selective @entity750 reuptake inhibitor, have significantly longer latencies to bite and bite fewer times than vehicle-treated controls. Conversely, @entity1831 microinjections into the @entity1347 significantly shorten the latency to bite and increase biting attacks. The action of microinjected @entity1831 to increase @entity146 is blocked by the pretreatment of hamsters with @entity905 . These data suggest that @entity750 inhibits fighting, in part, by antagonizing the aggression-promoting action of the @entity1831 system.

title: Vasopressin/ XXXX interactions in the @entity1347 control aggressive behavior in @entity329 .

entities_list: @entity905 :: ('MESH:D005473', 'Chemical') :: ['fluoxetine']

entities_list: @entity1640 :: ('MESH:D007027', 'Disease') :: ['hypothalamic']

entities_list: @entity5463 :: ('MESH:D001127', 'Chemical') :: ['arginine vasopressin']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['offensive aggression']

entities_list: @entity1347 :: ('MESH:C537775', 'Disease') :: ['AH', 'anterior hypothalamus']

entities_list: @entity329 :: ('10036', 'Species') :: ['Syrian golden hamsters']

answer: @entity750 :: (MESH:D012701,Chemical) :: ['serotonin']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the hypothesis that treatment with @entity43606 , a novel @entity43607 antagonist, is beneficial in an animal model of the adult @entity649 induced by endotoxin. DESIGN: Prospective, randomized, controlled trial. SETTING: Laboratory at a large university medical center. SUBJECTS: Twenty-five, immature, random-bred @entity1707 . INTERVENTIONS: Four groups of @entity1707 were studied: the LPS group of animals (n = 6) were infused with @entity526 lipopolysaccharide (strain 0111:B4, 250 micrograms/kg) from 0 to 60 mins; the LPS + 255283 group of animals (n = 6) were infused with lipopolysaccharide as above, but were also treated with @entity43606 (30 mg/kg, then 10 mg/kg/hr), beginning at -15 mins; the 255283 group of animals (n = 6) were infused with the same dose of @entity43606 , but were not challenged with lipopolysaccharide; and the RL control group of subjects (n = 7) received only the lactated Ringer's solution vehicle. Beginning at 30 mins, all groups were infused with dextran-70 solution as needed to maintain cardiac output at 90% to 110% of baseline value. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Treatment with @entity43606 significantly (p < .05) ameliorated lipopolysaccharide-induced systemic @entity551 , @entity120 , and arterial @entity519 . Treatment with this drug also abrogated lipopolysaccharide-induced increases in pulmonary extravascular water content and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid protein concentration. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that leukotriene B4 may be an important mediator of @entity647 in this porcine model of @entity326 and @entity647 . Further studies to assess the specificity of @entity43606 as a leukotriene B4 antagonist are necessary in order to exclude the possibility that the beneficial effects of this compound are due to pharmacologic actions other than the blockade of LTB4 receptors.

title: A novel XXXX antagonist in endotoxin shock: a prospective, controlled trial in a porcine model.

entities_list: @entity326 :: ('MESH:D012772', 'Disease') :: ['septic shock']

entities_list: @entity649 :: ('MESH:D012128', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory distress syndrome']

entities_list: @entity120 :: ('MESH:D006976', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary arterial hypertension']

entities_list: @entity647 :: ('MESH:D055371', 'Disease') :: ['acute lung injury']

entities_list: @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxemia']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['arterial hypotension']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

answer: @entity43607 :: (100157290(Tax:9823),Gene) :: ['leukotriene B4-receptor']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To calculate the prevalence of common gain of function gene mutations in @entity1 with different clinical manifestations of @entity1211 . DESIGN AND SETTING: Case-control study in two hospitals in Italy. @entity1 : 387 @entity1 with @entity1211 and 286 controls. MAIN MEASURES: Factor V (FV) Leiden, factor II (FII) A20210 and @entity4016 @entity4017 mutations. RESULTS: Among @entity1 with @entity1150 in one leg, 23 (20.9%) carried FV Leiden and FII A20210 mutations. Similar figures were observed in @entity1 with @entity5892 ( @entity5892 ; n = 9; 20.0%) and in @entity1 presenting with @entity715 ( @entity715 ; n = 26; 18.7%). A lower prevalence was obtained in @entity1 with @entity2994 (n = 11; 11.8%). The @entity4016 F617 mutant allele was found in 27 (21.1%) @entity1 with @entity715 , but in none of the @entity1 presenting with a @entity715 event from different districts. 13 of the 27 @entity4016 @entity4017 -positive subjects with @entity715 were previously known to have a @entity66 ( @entity66 ). Three other @entity1 had a diagnosis of @entity66 after the occurrence of the @entity715 event. CONCLUSION: Carriership of FV Leiden or FII A20210 mutations identifies an at-risk condition for @entity49 in the lower extremities, @entity715 or @entity5892 . In @entity1 with @entity715 , screening for the @entity4016 @entity4017 mutation may be useful in recognising @entity1 who should be carefully observed for the subsequent development of overt @entity66 . Thus, genetic tests may play a different role, various clinical manifestations of @entity1211 being associated with distinct risk profiles.

title: Gain-of-function gene mutations and XXXX : distinct roles in different clinical settings.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity5892 :: ('MESH:D020767', 'Disease') :: ['CVT', 'cerebral vein thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['MPD', 'myeloproliferative disease']

entities_list: @entity2994 :: ('MESH:D012170', 'Disease') :: ['retinal vein thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity49 :: ('MESH:D019851', 'Disease') :: ['venous thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity1150 :: ('MESH:D020246', 'Disease') :: ['deep vein thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['splanchnic vein thrombosis', 'thrombotic', 'SVT']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['venous thromboembolism']

answer: @entity1211 :: (MESH:D054556,Disease) :: ['venous thromboembolism']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study examined the feasibility of using a remote magnetic catheter navigation system (MNS) in concert with an EAM system to perform detailed left ventricular scar mapping and ablation in a porcine model of healed @entity583 . BACKGROUND: Substrate-based catheter ablation of @entity1165 ( @entity1165 ) involves detailed electroanatomical mapping (EAM) of the ventricles. While a safe and effective procedure, @entity1165 ablation is nonetheless uncommonly performed, due in part to the technical challenges related to ventricular mapping. METHODS: Using a prototype EAM system (CARTO-RMT), seven chronically infarcted @entity1707 were mapped using either: (i) a standard manually manipulated catheter or (ii) a magnetic remotely manipulated (Niobe) catheter. A total of 191 +/- 54 and 221 +/- 64 points were acquired to map the chamber either manually or remotely, respectively. RESULTS: Procedure times were longer remotely (94 +/- 22 vs. 59 +/- 19 minute, P = 0.004; and 27 +/- 8 vs. 18 +/- 3 sec/point, P = 0.04), but this became less apparent with increased operator experience. However, the fluoroscopy time was significantly shorter with remote mapping (56 +/- 56 vs. 244 +/- 67 sec/map, P = 0.03). The calculated scar size was comparable between the two methods (16.3 +/- 4.9 vs. 16.4 +/- 4.8 cm2, P = 0.37). Pathologic examination confirmed that the MNS was able to precisely deliver radiofrequency lesions to the scar borders. Using the MNS, the error to reach an evenly distributed set of endocardial targets was 6.6 +/- 3.6 mm and 4.6 +/- 2.0 mm, using transseptal and retrograde approaches, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Ventricular mapping using this remote navigation paradigm is technically possible and requires minimal fluoroscopy exposure, potentially facilitating ventricular substrate mapping and ablation.

title: Initial experience with a novel remote-guided magnetic catheter navigation system for left ventricular scar mapping and ablation in a porcine model of healed XXXX .

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['VT', 'ventricular tachycardia']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarction']


abstract: The effect of a single @entity888 application on postnatal maturation of the prefrontal cortex was studied using pyramidal cell morphology and spine density as parameters of systemic plasticity. Male gerbils were injected a single dose of @entity888 ( @entity7865 , 50mg/kg, i.p.) on postnatal day 14. On postnatal day 90, prefrontal cortices of @entity7865 -treated animals and saline-treated controls were processed for Golgi-staining. Dendritic arbours of layer III and V pyramidal neurones were measured to describe pyramidal cell morphology, and segmental spine counts were carried out. The results showed that a single postnatal @entity7865 -challenge significantly alters morphological differentiation of pyramidal cells towards adulthood. Cells from @entity7865 -treated animals showed a higher total dendritic length based on longer segments between subsequent dendritic branchings, with only the apical stem dendrite being shorter in @entity7865 -treated than in control subjects. The branching rate was slightly but not significantly increased in @entity7865 -treated animals. Nevertheless, spine density was significantly increased on all types of dendrites, with apical dendrites of both layers III and V showing the highest drug-induced progression of about 50% compared to control values. The present results are discussed with regard to probable clues they may provide for investigating neurobiological principles of @entity716 in an animal model.

title: Postnatal maturation of prefrontal pyramidal neurones is sensitive to a single early dose of XXXX in gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus).

entities_list: @entity888 :: ('MESH:D008694', 'Chemical') :: ['methamphetamine']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychotic behaviour']

answer: @entity888 :: (MESH:D008694,Chemical) :: ['methamphetamine']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Mitral valve repair techniques for @entity179 typically entail leaflet resection or neochordal construction, which may require extensive resection, leaflet detachment/reattachment, reliance on diseased native chords or precise neochordal measuring. Occasionally, @entity73 , reduced coaptation surface and @entity299 ( @entity299 ) may result. We describe a novel technique for addressing posterior leaflet prolapse/flail, which both simplifies repair and addresses these issues. METHODS: Fifty-four @entity1 (age 62    11 years) with degenerative MR underwent this new repair, 36 of whom minimally-invasively. A CV5 Gore-Tex suture was placed into the posterior left ventricular myocardium underneath the prolapsing segment as an anchor. This suture was then used to imbricate a portion of the prolapsed segment into the ventricle, creating a smooth, broad, non-prolapsed coapting surface on a leaflet with preserved mobility, additional neochordal support and posteriorly positioned enough to preclude @entity299 . RESULTS: Repair was successful in all @entity1 . The mean MR grade was reduced from +3.8 to +0.1 with 50 of 54 @entity1 having zero MR and 4 of the 54 having trace or mild MR. All @entity1 had proper antero-posterior location of the coaptation line of a mean length of 10.2 mm, and preserved posterior leaflet mobility. No @entity1 had @entity299 or @entity4794 . All @entity1 were discharged and are currently doing well. CONCLUSION: This new technique facilitated efficient single-suture repair of the prolapsed posterior leaflet @entity339 without the need for resection or sliding annuloplasty. It precluded the need for precise neochordal measurement and preserved the leaflet coaptation surface.

title: Posterior ventricular anchoring neochordal repair of degenerative XXXX efficiently remodels and repositions posterior leaflet prolapse.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity339 :: ('MESH:D008944', 'Disease') :: ['mitral regurgitation']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['impaired leaflet mobility']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['systolic anterior motion', 'SAM']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['degenerative disease']

entities_list: @entity4794 :: ('MESH:D008946', 'Disease') :: ['mitral stenosis']

answer: @entity339 :: (MESH:D008944,Disease) :: ['mitral regurgitation']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A suspected occult @entity173 after normal radiography is not uncommon in an elderly @entity1 after a fall. Despite a lack of robust validation in the literature, computed tomography (CT) is often used as secondary imaging. PURPOSE: To assess the frequency and clinical utility of non-cortical skeletal and soft tissue lesions as ancillary @entity174 signs in CT diagnosis of occult @entity173 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: All @entity174 signs ( @entity174 , @entity79 , @entity1143 , and lipohemarthrosis) were recorded in 231 hip low-energy @entity130 cases with CT performed after normal or equivocal radiography in two @entity130 centers. RESULTS: There were no @entity174 signs in 110 @entity1 . Twelve of these had a @entity1143 . In 121 @entity1 with 46 cervical @entity173 and 75 trochanteric @entity174 one or more @entity174 signs were present. Cortical @entity174 were found in 115 @entity1 . @entity79 was found in 119 @entity1 , @entity1143 in 35, and lipohemarthrosis in 20 @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Ancillary signs such as @entity79 and lipohemarthrosis can strengthen and sometimes indicate the diagnosis in @entity173 . Joint effusion is a non-specific sign.

title: XXXX , lipohemarthrosis, and @entity1143 in CT of non-displaced @entity173 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'person']

entities_list: @entity1143 :: ('MESH:D010996', 'Disease') :: ['joint effusion']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'cortical and trabecular fractures', 'fracture']

entities_list: @entity173 :: ('MESH:D006620', 'Disease') :: ['hip fractures', 'hip fracture', 'CT of occult hip fractures']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['Bone bruise', 'bone bruise']

answer: @entity79 :: (MESH:D001847,Disease) :: ['Bone bruise']


abstract: The purpose of this study is to determine the usefulness of the King classification in predicting decompensation in adolescent idiopathic @entity1635 . Fifty-one @entity1 were reviewed with a mean follow-up of 25 months. Five @entity1 had Type 1 adolescent idiopathic @entity1635 : four were treated with Zielke/Cotrel-Dubousset instrumentation or Zielke instrumentation alone. Correction was greater than 51% in these cases and there was no decompensation. Twenty-three @entity1 had @entity1635 . Nineteen of whom were treated with Cotrel-Dubousset instrumentation; 3 with Zielke and Cotrel-Dubousset instrumentation, and 1 with Zielke. The best correction occurred with anterior/posterior instrumentation. Decompensation occurred in 9 @entity1 , all of whom were treated with Cotrel-Dubousset instrumentation alone. Fourteen @entity1 had @entity1635 . All were treated with Cotrel-Dubousset instrumentation with correction of 65%. Decompensation occurred in 4 @entity1 , all of whom were fused to or beyond the stable vertebra. Four @entity1 had @entity1635 ; all were fused short of the stable vertebra with Cotrel-Dubousset instrumentation, resulting in correction of 52% and no decompensation. Five @entity1 had Type V instrumentation; four were treated with Cotrel-Dubousset instrumentation and 1 with Zielke. There was no relationship between level of fusion and decompensation. Based on this study, the authors contend that the King classification is a valuable tool in the selection of type of instrumentation and fusion level.

title: Results of spinal instrumentation of adolescent idiopathic XXXX by King type.

entities_list: @entity1635 :: ('MESH:D012600', 'Disease') :: ['scoliosis', 'Type II scoliosis', 'Type IV scoliosis', 'Type III scoliosis']

answer: @entity1635 :: (MESH:D012600,Disease) :: ['scoliosis']


abstract: The feasibility of @entity24823 ( @entity24823 ) solid-phase microextraction (SPME) and headspace (HS) SPME for the determination of high-ring @entity2555 ( @entity2556 ) (4- to 6-ring @entity2556 ) in water and soil samples is studied. Three SPME fibers--100- and 30-microm @entity13768 ( @entity16549 ) and 85-microm polyacrylate (PA) fibers-are compared for the effective extraction of @entity2556 . Parameters affecting the sorption of @entity2556 into the fiber such as sampling time, sampling volume, and temperature are also evaluated. The extracted amounts of high-ring @entity2556 decrease with the decreasing of film thickness, and the 100-microm @entity16549 has the highest extraction efficiency than 85-microm PA and 30-microm @entity16549 fibers. Also, the extraction efficiency decreases with the increasing molecular weights of @entity2556 . Of the 10 high-ring @entity2556 , only @entity14368 and @entity9435 can reach equilibrium within 120 min at 25 degrees C for @entity24823 -SPME in a water sample. Increasing the temperature to 60 degrees C can increase the sensitivity of @entity2556 and shorten the equilibrium time. A 0.7- to 25-fold increase in peak area is obtained for @entity24823 -SPME when the working temperature is increased to 60 degrees C. For HS-SPME, the extraction efficiency of @entity2556 decrease when the headspace volume of the sampling system increases. All high-ring @entity2556 can be detected in a water sample by increasing the temperature to 80 degrees C. However, only 4- and 5-ring @entity2556 can be quantitated in a CRM soil sample when HS-SPME is used. The addition of a surfactant with high hydrophilic property can effectively enhance the sensitivity of high-ring @entity2556 . HS-SPME as well as @entity24823 -SPME with 100-microm @entity16549 or 85-microm PA fibers are shown to be suitable methods for analyzing high-ring @entity2556 in a water sample; however, this technique can only apply in a soil sample for @entity2556 having up to 5 rings.

title: Solid-phase microextraction and headspace solid-phase microextraction for the determination of high molecular-weight XXXX in water and soil samples.

entities_list: @entity2555 :: ('MESH:D011084', 'Chemical') :: ['polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons']

entities_list: @entity24823 :: ('MESH:D007102', 'Disease') :: ['direct-immersion', 'DI']

entities_list: @entity14368 :: ('MESH:C007738', 'Chemical') :: ['fluoranthene']

entities_list: @entity13768 :: ('MESH:C013830', 'Chemical') :: ['polydimethylsiloxane']

answer: @entity2555 :: (MESH:D011084,Chemical) :: ['polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We tested the hypothesis that plasma @entity165 lowering action of partial ileal bypass ( @entity7659 ) is beneficial in mitigating accelerated transplantation coronary @entity455 . METHODS: Forty-one New Zealand white @entity95 were randomized to receive a normal (n = 21) or 1% @entity165 diet (n = 20). They underwent heterotopic heart transplantation with sham- @entity7659 (n = 19) or @entity7659 (n = 22) and immunosuppression with @entity205 (CyA). RESULTS: CyA increased plasma @entity165 of @entity95 receiving a normal diet. This effect was mitigated by @entity7659 (101 +/- 50 mg/dl CyA vs baseline 24 +/- 8, p < 0.001; vs 54 +/- 25 mg/dl with @entity7659 , p < 0.05). In @entity165 -fed @entity95 , @entity7659 decreased plasma @entity165 levels (520 +/- 236 mg/dl @entity7659 vs baseline 720 +/- 359, p < 0.05; vs 1502 +/- 253 mg/dl with sham @entity7659 , p < 0.00001). Coronary arteries (CA) of 21 5-week survivors were evaluated by light microscopy and digital morphometry. No rejection was noted. Histologic study revealed @entity455 in 3% of 705 native and 18% of 654 transplant CA (p < 0.05). Graft @entity455 (GV) was present in 25% of 365 CA of sham- @entity7659 and 10% of 289 CA of @entity7659 @entity95 (p = 0.07). In @entity165 -fed @entity95 , GV was characterized by @entity8481 in 75% of 91 pathologic CA of sham and 21% of 28 pathologic CA of @entity7659 @entity95 (p < 0.05). Graft intimal @entity1373 was not correlated with @entity165 intake or @entity7659 and was present in 18 of 119 pathologic CA. CONCLUSIONS: GV was characterized by fatty intimal proliferation, @entity82 , and a "mixed type." Fibrous intimal @entity1373 developed in native and transplanted hearts, and CyA seemed to promote this state. @entity1007 promoted @entity8481 , worsening GV. @entity7659 significantly decreased total @entity165 and retarded fatty proliferation of CA of native and transplanted hearts but did not prevent @entity455 . Therapy of @entity1007 is recommended to at least mitigate the fatty intimal proliferation of GV.

title: Role of @entity1007 in accelerated transplant coronary @entity455 : results of surgical therapy with partial ileal bypass in XXXX undergoing heterotopic heart transplantation.

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vasculopathy', 'intimal hyperplastic vasculopathy']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrous intimal hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity8481 :: ('MESH:C536351', 'Disease') :: ['fatty proliferative lesions']

entities_list: @entity1007 :: ('MESH:D006937', 'Disease') :: ['Hypercholesterolemia', 'hypercholesterolemia']

entities_list: @entity1373 :: ('MESH:D006965', 'Disease') :: ['hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporine A']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity95 :: (9986,Species) :: ['rabbits']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The FibroTest (FT) demonstrated excellent diagnostic performance in the prediction of liver @entity82 in @entity1 with @entity6194 ( @entity6194 ). Here, we aimed to identify predictors of discordance between FT and liver biopsy (LB) in Asian @entity1 with @entity6194 . METHODS: Consecutive @entity1 with @entity6194 who underwent both LB and FT on the same day between 2007 and 2010 were recruited from three medical institutes. Laboratory evaluations including specific parameters for calculating FT score, such as a2-macroglobulin, apolipoprotein A1, @entity2104 , y-glutamyl transpeptidase, and total @entity648 levels, were obtained. The Batts and Ludwig scoring system was used for histological analysis. RESULTS: A total of 330 @entity1 (200 male and 130 female) were analyzed. Discordances of at least two @entity82 stages between FT and LB were observed in 30 (9.1%) @entity1 ; using FT, @entity82 was underestimated in 25 @entity1 and overestimated in 5 @entity1 with reference to LB. @entity1 with discordance had a higher proportion of F3-4 (P<0.001) and F4 (P=0.012) compared with those with nondiscordance. The discordance rate was significantly higher in those with F3-4 than those with @entity6343 (15.4% vs. 3.0%, P<0.001). Multivariate analysis demonstrated F3-4 at LB as the only independent factor for discordance (P<0.001; odds ratio 5.95). After adjusting @entity82 stages, neither necroinflammatory activity on histology nor serum ALT level influenced FT values independently. CONCLUSION: Advanced @entity82 stage (F3-4) is the sole factor of discordance between FT and LB in Asian @entity1 with @entity6194 .

title: Discordance between liver biopsy and FibroTest in assessing liver @entity82 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity648 :: ('MESH:D001663', 'Chemical') :: ['bilirubin']

entities_list: @entity6194 :: ('MESH:D019694', 'Disease') :: ['chronic hepatitis B', 'CHB']

answer: @entity6194 :: (MESH:D019694,Disease) :: ['chronic hepatitis B']


abstract: Beh  et's disease is a systemic @entity1333 of unknown cause. In 1937 Beh  et described 3 @entity1 with oral and @entity1066 and @entity5890 . The disease shows worldwide distribution with the highest prevalence in the eastern Mediterranean region and Japan. The most common manifestation is recurrent oral ulceration. Other manifestations include @entity1066 , @entity2194 , @entity272 , @entity625 or @entity4841 , and @entity75 . @entity49 and @entity2268 are also recorded as manifestations. One of the causes of superior @entity3885 is Beh  et's disease. Especially in @entity233 , this association is common. Management must be directed against the primary disease plus the @entity3885 . The authors describe a @entity1 with multisymptomatic presentation of Beh  et's disease with @entity715 of the superior caval veins and successful lysis with streptokinase.

title: @entity715 of the superior caval vein in a XXXX with primary asymptomatic Beh  et's disease. A case report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2194 :: ('MESH:D005128', 'Disease') :: ['eye lesions']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['arthritis']

entities_list: @entity1333 :: ('MESH:D014657', 'Disease') :: ['vasculitis']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral lesions']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['genital ulceration']

entities_list: @entity2268 :: ('MESH:D013924', 'Disease') :: ['thrombophlebitis']

entities_list: @entity49 :: ('MESH:D019851', 'Disease') :: ['Venous thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity3885 :: ('MESH:D008173', 'Disease') :: ['caval vein obstruction']

entities_list: @entity5890 :: ('MESH:D007500', 'Disease') :: ['hypopyon iritis']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin lesion']

entities_list: @entity4841 :: ('MESH:D018771', 'Disease') :: ['arthralgia']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The diagnosis of @entity259 during the course of lobectomy for a dominant nodule occasionally cannot be rendered on the basis of frozen section. Once the diagnosis of @entity189 is made, the question of completion thyroidectomy arises. The decision to perform completion thyroidectomy and the timing, safety, and efficacy of this procedure are reviewed. METHODS: During the past 25 years (1965 to 1990), we operated on 351 consecutive @entity1 with @entity259 . One hundred of these @entity1 (84 @entity1 and 16 @entity1 ) were initially treated by unilateral thyroid lobectomy for the previously stated reasons. Histopathologic examination of the permanent sections of the initial thyroid lobectomy specimen demonstrated @entity1377 in 70 @entity1 and @entity189 in 30 @entity1 . Within a few months, a completion thyroidectomy was performed. RESULTS: The completion thyroidectomy specimen contained @entity1377 in 33 (47%) of the 70 @entity1 with @entity1377 and 10 (33%) of the 30 @entity1 with @entity189 . Overall, 43 of these 100 @entity1 harbored @entity259 in the contralateral lobe. Complications of completion thyroidectomy were transient recurrent nerve paresis in two @entity1 and @entity346 in three @entity1 , requiring @entity460 and @entity560 therapy for a few months. CONCLUSIONS: Although the significance and treatment of @entity1377 are debated on the basis of size and grade of the @entity75 and age and sex of the @entity1 , once the diagnosis is made in one lobe we believe that a completion thyroidectomy should be considered, not only for @entity1377 but also for @entity189 because 47% (papillary) to 33% (follicular) of these @entity1 will harbor the @entity5 in the contralateral lobe.

title: Necessity and safety of completion thyroidectomy for differentiated XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1377 :: ('MESH:D002291', 'Disease') :: ['papillary carcinomas', 'papillary carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['primary lesion']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplasm']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['follicular carcinomas', 'carcinoma', 'follicular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity346 :: ('MESH:D009759', 'Disease') :: ['temporary hypoparathyroidism']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity259 :: ('MESH:D013964', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity560 :: ('MESH:D014807', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin D']

answer: @entity259 :: (MESH:D013964,Disease) :: ['thyroid carcinoma']


abstract: We report on two @entity1 with @entity5 who showed @entity12045 despite the antifungal treatment with @entity2380 . Case 1 was a 7-year-old @entity1 with a recurrence of @entity5 . She had profound @entity1398 and @entity12045 developed after a month-long treatment with @entity2380 . Her peripheral blood smear showed phagocytosis in the neutrophils and they were identified as fungi by immunofluorescence method (Fungi flora Y). She died two days after the diagnosis of @entity12045 . Rhodotorula rubra was isolated after her death. Case 2 was a 2-year-old @entity1 with disseminated Langerhans cell histiocytosis. He had profound neuropenia and @entity12045 developed after treatment with @entity2380 for 6 months. His peripheral blood smear also showed phagocytosis in the neutrophils and they were identified as fungi by Fungi flora Y. He was treated with intravenously administered @entity2379 . However, he died 13 days after the diagnosis of @entity12045 . @entity18203 was isolated after his death. Careful observation of the peripheral blood smear is important for early detection of fungi and Fungi flora Y is a quick and useful method to identify fungi. @entity2380 -resistant fungus should be considered when @entity1 with neutorpenia are treated prophylactically with @entity2380 for a long time.

title: [Phagocytosis of fungi in the peripheral blood neutrophils of two XXXX with @entity5 during treatment with @entity2380 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'girl', 'patients', 'boy']

entities_list: @entity2379 :: ('MESH:D000666', 'Chemical') :: ['amphotericin-B']

entities_list: @entity2380 :: ('MESH:D015725', 'Chemical') :: ['Fluconazole', 'fluconazole']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['stage IV neuroblastoma', 'malignancy']

entities_list: @entity18203 :: ('4929', 'Species') :: ['Candida guilliermondii']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the effectiveness of the tertiary care delivered to @entity1 with @entity989 in a defined urban population; to substantiate the planning and allocation of resources in order to improve the tertiary eye care delivery system in a specific area. METHODS: Data were collected from consecutive first-time @entity1 between June 1, 2003 and July 31, 2004 in the Department of Ophthalmology, State University of Campinas, S  o Paulo, Brazil. Problem-solving capacity values were calculated for vitreoretinal surgery and photocoagulation. Data were entered into the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (version 10.0). RESULTS: Of the 7500 @entity1 referred to the Department, 641 were deemed suitable for analysis. The diagnoses analyzed were @entity1713 (26.0%), @entity6 (21.0%), and @entity548 (7.7%). The median ages were 52, 59 and 57.5, respectively. Of all @entity1 referred for @entity1713 , 26.5% were inoperable. The values obtained for the problem-solving capacity (PSC) showed that 38.1%, 33.0% and 93.5% of those eligible for an ophthalmic intervention (for @entity1713 , @entity548 and @entity6 ) had obtained treatment. The main reason for not giving treatment was the unavailability of operating room time and photocoagulation time (87.1%). CONCLUSIONS: This was the first study of tertiary eye care service performance in Latin America. Sight-threatening conditions such as @entity1713 and @entity6 are not thoroughly covered by the health system in this area. Various ways to reduce the problem are considered. The study has provided valuable information on planning high-complexity eye services in the population in question.

title: Problem-solving capacity for XXXX in a university health center.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['vitreous hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic retinopathy']

entities_list: @entity1713 :: ('MESH:D012163', 'Disease') :: ['retinal detachment']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['vitreoretinal diseases']

answer: @entity989 :: (MESH:D012164,Disease) :: ['vitreoretinal diseases']


abstract: Three cases of male @entity1 with @entity509 and @entity3894 of the right lung and @entity5512 are reported. The @entity1 developed @entity649 in the first 4 months of life. In all three cases, there was an opaque right hemithorax with overinflation of the left lung, a posterior deviation of the @entity825 with @entity850 , and a posteriorly located aortic arch. @entity509 (two cases) or @entity3894 (one case) of the right pulmonary artery and an absence or a remnant of the right main bronchus were also observed. Associated @entity600 were @entity1152 with an abnormal high pouch of the proximal esophagus in case 1, and @entity751 in case 2. Because of severe @entity649 in all three @entity1 , an aortopexy was performed at the ages of 5 months (one @entity1 ) and 10 months (two @entity1 ). The obstructive respiratory signs disappeared postoperatively in the following weeks. It has been observed that @entity6184 in @entity3894 or @entity509 of the right lung may be caused by the dislocated aortic arch. An aortopexy can release the airway compression in such cases. Because of associated @entity600 , a careful evaluation of the airway and vessels is recommended.

title: Deviated @entity825 in XXXX and @entity3894 of the right lung: airway obstruction and its release by aortopexy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'infants', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity1152 :: ('MESH:D004933', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal atresia']

entities_list: @entity649 :: ('MESH:D012128', 'Disease') :: ['increasing obstructive respiratory distress', 'respiratory distress']

entities_list: @entity5512 :: ('MESH:D003914', 'Disease') :: ['dextrocardia']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['malformations']

entities_list: @entity509 :: ('MESH:C538429', 'Disease') :: ['Hypoplasia', 'hypoplasia']

entities_list: @entity6184 :: ('MESH:D014135', 'Disease') :: ['tracheal stenosis']

entities_list: @entity751 :: ('MESH:D013577', 'Disease') :: ['hypertelorismus syndrome']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['pulsatile stenosis']

answer: @entity509 :: (MESH:C538429,Disease) :: ['hypoplasia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: A double-blind, randomized, controlled study was undertaken to determine whether combined use of interferon b-1a (IFN) 30  g intramuscularly weekly and @entity1638 (GA) 20 mg daily is more efficacious than either agent alone in relapsing-remitting @entity15 . METHODS: A total of 1,008 @entity1 were randomized and followed until the last @entity1 enrolled completed 3 years. The primary endpoint was reduction in annualized relapse rate utilizing a strict definition of relapse. Secondary outcomes included time to confirmed disability, @entity15 Functional Composite (MSFC) score, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) metrics. RESULTS: Combination IFN+GA was not superior to the better of the single agents (GA) in risk of relapse. Both the combination therapy and GA were significantly better than IFN in reducing the risk of relapse. The combination was not better than either agent alone in lessening confirmed Expanded Disability Status Scale progression or change in MSFC over 36 months. The combination was superior to either agent alone in reducing new lesion activity and accumulation of total lesion volumes. In a post hoc analysis, combination therapy resulted in a higher proportion of @entity1 attaining disease activity-free status (DAFS) compared to either single arm, driven by the MRI results. INTERPRETATION: Combining the 2 most commonly prescribed therapies for @entity15 did not produce a significant clinical benefit over 3 years. An effect was seen on some MRI metrics. In a test of comparative efficacy, GA was superior to IFN in reducing the risk of exacerbation. The extension phase for CombiRx will address whether the observed differences in MRI and DAFS findings predict later clinical differences.

title: Randomized study combining interferon and @entity1638 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'participant']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['Multiple Sclerosis', 'multiple sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity1638 :: ('MESH:C089995', 'Chemical') :: ['glatiramer acetate']

answer: @entity15 :: (MESH:D009103,Disease) :: ['multiple sclerosis']


abstract: Evidence is emerging that disturbances in sleep and @entity25 play a role in the morbidity of chronic conditions. However, the relationship between sleep processes, disease development, disease progression and disease management is often unclear or understudied. Numerous common medical conditions can have an affect on sleep. For example, @entity6 or inflammatory conditions such as @entity625 can lead to poor sleep quality and induce symptoms of excessive @entity25 and @entity1295 . It has also been suggested that poor sleep may lead to the development of @entity65 for which an underlying inflammatory component has been proposed. It is therefore important that the development and progression of such disease states are studied to determine whether the sleep effect merely reflects disease progression or whether it may be in some way causally related. Sleep loss can also have consequences on safety related behaviours both for the individuals and for the society, for example the increased risk of accidents when driving while drowsy. Sleep is a complex phenotype and as such it is possible that there are numerous genes which may each have a number of effects that control an individual's sleep pattern. This review examines the interaction between sleep (both quantity and quality) and parameters of cardiovascular risk. We also explore the hypothesis that @entity32 plays an essential role in @entity65 and that a lack of sleep may play a key role in this inflammatory process. AIM: To review current evidence regarding the endocrine, metabolic, cardiovascular and immune functions and their interactions with regard to sleep, given the current evidence that @entity25 may affect each of these areas.

title: XXXX , sleep, obesity and @entity65 .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['arthritis']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['sleep disorders', 'daytime sleepiness', 'sleep disturbances']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity32 :: (MESH:D007249,Disease) :: ['Inflammation']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We wanted to investigate the prevalence and causative @entity157 ( @entity157 ) at its initial presentation and during chemoembolization. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between February 1998 and April 2000, consecutive 479 @entity1 with newly diagnosed @entity157 were prospectively enrolled into this study. A total of 1629 sessions of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) were performed in these @entity1 (range: 1-15 sessions; mean: 3.4 sessions) until April 2004. For each TACE procedure, we determined the potential extrahepatic collateral arteries (ExCAs) depending on the location of the @entity5 , and we performed selective angiography of all suspected collaterals that could supply the @entity5 . The prevalence of ExCAs and the causative factors were analyzed. RESULTS: At initial presentation, 82 (17%) of these 479 @entity1 showed 108 ExCAs supplying @entity5 . Univariate analysis showed that @entity5 size (p < 0.01), @entity1 age (p = 0.02), a surface location (p < 0.01), and a bare area location (p < 0.01) were significantly associated with the presence of ExCAs. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that only @entity5 size was predictive of ExCA formation (p < 0.01, odds ratio = 1.737, confidence interval: 1.533 to 1.969). During repeated TACE sessions, 97 additional ExCAs were detected in 70 (14%) @entity1 . The cumulative probability of ExCAs in @entity1 with a large @entity5 (> or =5 cm) was significantly higher than that for those @entity1 with a small @entity5 (< 5 cm) (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: The presence of ExCAs supplying @entity157 is rather common, and the @entity5 size is a significant causative factor for the development of these collateral arteries.

title: Transcatheter arterial XXXX : prevalence and causative factors of extrahepatic collateral arteries in 479 @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'factors of extrahepatic arterial blood supply to hepatocellular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['chemoembolization of hepatocellular carcinoma']


abstract: Pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)-triggered immunity (PTI) is an important component of plant innate immunity. In a previous study, we showed that the PAMP flg22 from @entity7590 ssp. @entity7590 (Xflg22), the causal agent of citrus @entity7809 , induced PTI in citrus, which correlated with the observed levels of @entity7809 resistance. Here, we identified and sequenced two bacterial flagellin/flg22 receptors (FLS2-1 and FLS2-2) from 'Duncan' grapefruit (Citrus paradisi, CpFLS2-1 and CpFLS2-2) and 'Sun Chu Sha' mandarin ( @entity38780 , CrFLS2-1 and CrFLS2-2). We were able to isolate only one FLS2 from 'Nagami' kumquat (Fortunella margarita, FmFLS2-1) and gene flanking sequences suggest a rearrangement event that resulted in the deletion of FLS2-2 from the genome. Phylogenetic analysis, gene structure and presence of critical @entity3689 domains all indicate we identified the true FLS2 genes in citrus. FLS2-2 was more transcriptionally responsive to Xflg22 than FLS2-1, with induced expression levels higher in @entity7809 -resistant citrus than in susceptible ones. Interestingly, 'Nagami' kumquat showed the highest FLS2-1 steady-state expression levels, although it was not induced by Xflg22. We selected FmFLS2-1, CrFLS2-2 and CpFLS2-2 to further evaluate their capacity to enhance bacterial resistance using Agrobacterium-mediated transient expression assays. Both FmFLS2-1 and CrFLS2-2, the two proteins from @entity7809 -resistant species, conferred stronger Xflg22 responses and @entity146 in leaves of the susceptible grapefruit genotype. These two citrus genes will be useful resources to enhance PTI and achieve resistance against @entity7809 and possibly other bacterial pathogens in susceptible citrus types.

title: A survey of FLS2 genes from multiple citrus species identifies candidates for enhancing disease resistance to @entity7590 ssp. XXXX .

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['reduced canker symptoms']

entities_list: @entity7590 :: ('346', 'Species') :: ['Xanthomonas citri', 'citri']

answer: @entity7590 :: (346,Species) :: ['citri']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The frequency of @entity260 is significantly increased in @entity1 with @entity14 receiving perioperative blood transfusion. It is still debated, however, whether perioperative blood transfusion alters the incidence of disease recurrence or otherwise affects the prognosis. METHODS: @entity1 risk variables, variables related to operation technique, blood transfusion and the development of @entity166 were recorded prospectively in 740 @entity1 undergoing elective resection for primary @entity14 . Endpoints were overall survival (n = 740) and time to diagnosis of recurrent disease in the subgroup of @entity1 operated on with curative intention (n = 532). The @entity1 were analysed in four groups divided with respect to administration or not of perioperative blood transfusion and development or non-development of @entity260 . RESULTS: Overall, 19 per cent of 288 non-transfused and 31 per cent of 452 transfused @entity1 developed @entity260 (P< 0.001). The median observation period was 6.8 (range 5.4-7.9) years. In a multivariate analysis, risk of death was significantly increased among @entity1 developing @entity281 after transfusion (n = 142) compared with @entity1 receiving neither blood transfusion nor developing @entity281 (n = 234): hazard ratio 1.38 (95 per cent confidence interval (c.i.) 1.05-1.81). Overall survival of @entity1 receiving blood transfusion without subsequent @entity281 (n = 310) and @entity1 developing @entity281 without preceding transfusion (n = 54) was not significantly decreased. In an analysis of disease recurrence the combination of blood transfusion and subsequent development of @entity281 (hazard ratio 1.79 (95 per cent c.i. 1.13-2.82)), localization of @entity5 in the rectum and Dukes classification were independent risk factors. CONCLUSION: Blood transfusion per se may not be a risk factor for poor prognosis after @entity14 surgery. However, the combination of perioperative blood transfusion and subsequent development of @entity260 may be associated with a poor prognosis.

title: Effects of the combination of blood transfusion and @entity260 on prognosis after surgery for @entity14 . Danish RANX05 XXXX Study Group.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative infectious complications']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['infectious complications']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['Colorectal Cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The syndrome of transient @entity10 and @entity51 with @entity15206 (HaNDL) can present as sudden onset of focal @entity51 which are clinically and radiologically indistinguishable from an @entity64 . Its diagnosis requires a lumbar puncture (LP), which contraindicates intravenous thrombolytic therapy (IV-tPA). METHODS: All @entity1 referred to our @entity64 centre as a @entity64 code resulting in a final diagnosis of @entity12168 from June 2005 to June 2015 were retrospectively analysed. RESULTS: Nine cases were identified: seven @entity1 and two @entity1 (mean age 27.6 years, range 15-51). Clinical onset consisted of isolated @entity2026 (two) and @entity2026 with right @entity1269 /hemiparaesthesia (seven). All @entity1 had @entity10 in the acute setting, lasting 2-12 h. Cranial computed tomography (CT) and CT angiography (CTA) were normal in all @entity1 . Perfusion CT was performed in seven @entity1 , showing left hemispheric focal hypoperfusion in five cases; the remaining two were normal. Five @entity1 were initially diagnosed as @entity64 and treated uneventfully with IV-tPA. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging within 48 h was normal in all cases. LP performed in all @entity1 showed pleocytosis (range 17-351 cells/mm(3) ), high protein levels (range 0.4-1.6 g/l) and normal @entity413 levels. All cases recovered within 12 h and suffered a second episode within 72 h. @entity1 were asymptomatic between episodes and after remission. CONCLUSIONS: The decision to thrombolyse or perform an LP in HaNDL @entity1 mimicking a @entity64 is difficult in the acute setting. Perfusion CT can provide misleading results and CTA may be useful in ruling out occlusion of a cerebral vessel.

title: The syndrome of transient XXXX and @entity51 with @entity15206 mimicking an @entity64 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['ischaemic stroke', 'stroke']

entities_list: @entity12168 :: ('MESH:C562385', 'Disease') :: ['HaNDL syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1269 :: ('MESH:D010291', 'Disease') :: ['hemiparesis']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deficits']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity15206 :: ('MESH:C535607', 'Disease') :: ['cerebrospinal fluid lymphocytosis']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity10 :: (MESH:D006261,Disease) :: ['headache']


abstract: CONTEXT: Controversy exists about the most appropriate seating position for @entity1 with @entity306 ( @entity306 ) to promote energy conservation and maximize @entity2319 . EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: Sixteen journal articles published after 1980 were identified by searching allied health, medical, and occupational and physical therapy data bases and evidence-based medicine reviews using specific key terms (positioning, wheelchair, postural control, posture, adaptive seating devices, @entity1 positioning, @entity306 , @entity717 , @entity2045 , reaching, grasping, and occupational therapy) and reviewing bibliographies of retrieved articles. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: The majority of the evidence supports the positive effects of a neutral to slightly forward orientation (whole chair tilted) on @entity2319 . Only one study did not demonstrate such effects. Of the supporting studies, one suggested the addition of an @entity14587 ( @entity14587 ), one recommended the entire functional sitting position (FSP) package (this orientation plus a hip-belt, footrests, @entity14587 , and cutout tray), and one established the long-term effects of the FSP. One less rigorous study opposed the addition of an @entity14587 . With the exception of one study, most of the evidence states that seat angle does not affect functional abilities. However, some of these studies contain faulty methodology and/or their results demonstrate clinical significance. CONCLUSION: Evidence supports that @entity1 with @entity306 should be fitted for wheelchairs that place them in a FSP, which includes; orientation in space of 0 degrees -15 degrees, a hip-belt, an @entity14587 , footrests, and a cutout tray, with the addition of a sloped forward seat of 0 degrees -15 degrees, to improve @entity2319 . The exact seat angle and orientation in space within the 0 degrees -15 degrees range should be determined on an individual basis.

title: The effect of positioning for XXXX with @entity306 on @entity2319 : a review of the evidence.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity14587 :: ('MESH:C537087', 'Disease') :: ['abduction orthrosis', 'AO']

entities_list: @entity2045 :: ('MESH:D009207', 'Disease') :: ['upper extremity']

entities_list: @entity2319 :: ('MESH:D003638', 'Disease') :: ['upper-extremity function']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['movement disorders']

entities_list: @entity306 :: ('MESH:D002547', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral palsy', 'CP']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']