abstract: BACKGROUND: Age-related changes in @entity1003 and fibrinolytic factors are associated with an increase in risk of @entity715 events. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of age, regular aerobic exercise and detraining on @entity1003 and fibrinolytic factors in @entity1 . METHODS: Initially, 41 sedentary and 42 physically active @entity1 (20-64 years) were analyzed for plasma levels of coagulation and fibrinolytic factors. Twelve sedentary @entity1 were then subjected to 16-week aerobic exercise training and subsequent 2-week detraining. Their blood samples taken at rest were assayed for activity levels of @entity797 , antithrombin III, @entity3790 and plasminogen, and for antigen levels of @entity2002 , @entity556 ), @entity4682 , @entity3790 , tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA), @entity2289 ( @entity2289 ) and tPA/ @entity2289 complex. RESULTS: Plasma levels of most coagulation factors, particularly for @entity2002 and @entity4682 antigens as well as FXIII activity significantly increased with aging in sedentary @entity1 , while that @entity7577 disappeared in physically active @entity1 . By the exercise training, plasma antigen and/or activity levels of most @entity1003 factors except for prothrombin and @entity4682 decreased. These training-effects, however, disappeared after detraining, and in some cases even rebounded to higher levels than those of pre-training. Plasma antigen levels of tPA, @entity2289 and tPA/ @entity2289 complex decreased with the training and remained low even after detraining. CONCLUSION: Regular aerobic exercises give complex effects on expression of hemostatic factors, overall favoring the hemostatic balance to less @entity715 , partly cancelling out the age effects.

title: Age-related effects of regular physical activity on hemostatic factors in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2289 :: ('5054', 'Gene') :: ['plasminogen activator inhibitor 1', 'PAI-1']

entities_list: @entity556 :: ('2147', 'Gene') :: ['prothrombin fragment 1 + 2 (F1 + 2']

entities_list: @entity797 :: ('1351', 'Gene') :: ['prothrombin, coagulation factor (F) V, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI and XIII']

entities_list: @entity1003 :: ('MESH:D001778', 'Disease') :: ['blood coagulation']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombotic']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['men']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Combination inhaled corticosteroid/long-acting bronchodilator (ICS/LABA) therapy reduces the exacerbation rate and improves spirometry and quality of life in @entity1030 . We hypothesized that ICS/LABA therapy also improves small airway function measured by FOT. METHODS: 14 subjects with @entity1030 were commenced on combination @entity5023 / @entity10453 therapy for 3 months. At baseline, subjects completed the St George Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) and underwent standard pulmonary function tests as well as forced oscillation technique (FOT) and single and multiple breath @entity1568 washouts. All tests were repeated at the completion of 3 months of therapy. RESULTS: Subjects were of mean (SD) age 65.9 years (8.4), BMI 30.0 (5.6), pack years 51.4 (21.1), post-bronchodilator FEV1% predicted 62.7 (20). At baseline, mean SGRQ total was 39.0 (17.7) and FRC% predicted 125.4 (31.3). From FOT, Rrs-total was 5.69 (1.29)  cm @entity2507 /L/s, Xrs-total -3.48 (2.16)  cm @entity2507 /L/s, EFL Index 3.51 (2.45)  cm @entity2507 /L/s. After 3 months of therapy, there were significant improvements in SGRQ score (-13.81, p  <  0.0001) despite no change in FEV1 (+40  mL, p  =  0.14). From FOT, total resistance (-0.63  cm @entity2507 /L/s, p  =  0.0004), reactance (+1.2  cm @entity2507 /L/s, p  =  0.013), and expiratory flow limitation (-1.21  cm @entity2507 /L/s, p  =  0.02) also improved. There were no significant changes in ventilation heterogeneity indices. CONCLUSION: Combination therapy is associated with improvements in small airways function in @entity1030 , despite an absence of change in FEV1. FOT may be a clinically useful marker of small airway function in @entity1030 that is responsive to treatment.

title: Changes in oscillatory impedance and XXXX washout with combination @entity5023 / @entity10453 therapy in @entity1030 .

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen']

entities_list: @entity10453 :: ('MESH:C057823', 'Chemical') :: ['salmeterol']

entities_list: @entity5023 :: ('MESH:C065382', 'Chemical') :: ['fluticasone propionate']

answer: @entity1568 :: (MESH:D009584,Chemical) :: ['nitrogen']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate blood flow velocity and pulsatility in unilateral @entity5330 during the @entity10 -free period using transcranial Doppler (TCD) sonography. METHODS: @entity1 with @entity10 were recruited during the @entity10 -free period. Maximum mean flow velocity (MFV) and pulsatility index (PI) were measured in the middle cerebral (MCA) and basilar arteries. Controls were @entity10 -free individuals without @entity66 . RESULTS: Twenty-five @entity1 with right-sided @entity2704 , 25 @entity1 with left-sided @entity2704 , and 19 controls were studied. The MCA PI was higher on the right @entity10 side versus the left @entity10 side (0.97 +/- 0.2 versus 0.86 +/- 0.1 cm/s, P =.02) and versus controls (0.9 +/- 0.2 cm/s, NS). The basilar artery MFV was higher in @entity1 with right-sided @entity10 versus left-sided @entity10 (39.5 +/- 5.6 versus 34.7 +/- 8.2 cm/s, P =.02) and versus controls (38.2 +/- 8 cm/s, NS). No decrease in MFV with age was observed in @entity1 with @entity2704 . CONCLUSIONS: Middle cerebral artery flow pulsatility and basilar artery velocity are higher in @entity1 with right-sided @entity2704 compared with left-sided migraineurs, during the @entity10 -free period. Although these parameters were similar to controls, the differences found during the @entity10 -free period in migraineurs may indicate vascular involvement predisposing to the @entity10 recurrence.

title: Blood flow velocity and pulsatility index differences in XXXX with unilateral @entity2704 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['cerebrovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity5330 :: ('MESH:D020326', 'Disease') :: ['migraine without aura']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['unilateral headache', 'headache']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: PURPOSE: Conformal irradiation of @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) is largely based on a precise definition of the nodal clinical target volume (CTVn). The reduction of the number of nodal stations to be irradiated would render @entity5 dose escalation more achievable. The aim of this work was to design an mathematical tool based on documented data, that would predict the risk of metastatic involvement for each nodal station. METHODS AND MATERIAL: From the large surgical series published in the literature we looked at the main pre-treatment parameters that modify the risk of nodal invasion. The probability of involvement for the 17 nodal stations described by the American @entity1514 Society (ATS) was computed from all these publications and then weighted according to the French epidemiological data. Starting from the primitive location of the @entity5 as the main characteristic, we built a probabilistic tree for each nodal station representing the risk distribution as a function of each @entity5 feature. From the statistical point of view, we used the inversion of probability trees method described by Weinstein and Feinberg. RESULTS: Taking into account all the different parameters of the pre-treatment staging relative to each level of the ATS map brings up to 20,000 different combinations. The first chosen parameters in the tree were, depending on the @entity5 location, the histological classification, the metastatic stage, the nodal stage weighted in function of the sensitivity and specificity of the diagnostic examination used (PET scan, CAT scan) and the tumoral stage. A software is proposed to compute a predicted probability of involvement of each nodal station for any given clinical presentation. CONCLUSION: To better define the CTVn in @entity1149 3DRT, we propose a software that evaluates the mediastinal nodal involvement risk from easily accessible individual pre-treatment parameters.

title: [Estimation of the probability of mediastinal involvement: a statistical definition of the clinical target volume for 3-dimensional conformal radiotherapy in XXXX ?].

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung carcinoma']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small-cell lung cancer']


abstract: @entity4797 account for 50% of testicular germ-cell @entity5 , and more than 90% of these are classic @entity4797 . When @entity1 with a histologically pure @entity4797 show an elevated level of serum   -fetoprotein ( @entity160 ), it is generally assumed that an undetected focus of yolk sac @entity5 (YST) is present and the @entity1 is managed with a treatment regimen for non-seminomatous @entity5 . We studied 10 cases of histologically pure @entity4797 with elevated levels of serum @entity160 in an attempt to identify any distinctive clinical, histopathologic, or immunohistochemical features. The @entity1 ranged in age from 27 to 48 years (mean, 31 years). Eight @entity1 had @entity5 of the testis, and two presented with supraclavicular and @entity5 . The clinical stage at presentation varied: four @entity5 were stage I, four were stage II, and two were stage III. Serum levels of @entity160 were elevated in all @entity1 at ranges of 10.4 to 16 ng/ml (mean, 12.0 ng/ml). In all @entity1 , the @entity5 and @entity3 when present exhibited classic @entity4797 histology without other germ-cell components. The @entity5 cells expressed keratin in seven cases. The pattern of keratin immunoreactivity ranged from focal staining in five cases to moderate staining in two cases. All cases were negative for @entity160 , and the nine cases in which staining for @entity5823 ( @entity5823 ) was performed were also negative. All four @entity1 with stage I @entity5 underwent the conventional therapy for pure @entity4797 , i.e., orchiectomy and subsequent radiation therapy. Five @entity1 received treatment for @entity5 , i.e., chemotherapy after orchiectomy. Extensive work-up failed to detect the @entity5 in one @entity1 , and he was treated for a non-seminomatous @entity5 , undergoing chemotherapy and irradiation. All @entity1 are alive and well, and none has developed evidence of YST at a mean follow-up of 6 years (range, 6 months to 10 years). However, one @entity1 who presented with an ileal @entity3 recently developed a second primary extragonadal mediastinal mixed germ-cell @entity5 with YST and @entity189 components and an elevated serum level of @entity160 (27,000 ng/ml) after a 10-year disease-free follow-up. This study strongly suggests that minor elevations (</= 16 ng/ml) of @entity160 in @entity1 with an otherwise pure @entity4797 may not indicate that there is a hidden focus of YST and that such @entity1 should be treated with standard therapy for @entity4797 . Because this study includes very few @entity1 , further studies are required to better understand the significance of borderline elevations of @entity160 in cases of histologically pure @entity4797 .

title: Histologically pure XXXX with elevated @entity160 : a clinicopathologic study of ten cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['ileal tumors', 'tumor', 'primary tumors', 'non-seminomatous tumors', 'primary tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['embryonal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'metastases']

entities_list: @entity4797 :: ('MESH:D018239', 'Disease') :: ['testicular seminoma', 'Seminomas', 'seminomas', 'seminoma']

answer: @entity4797 :: (MESH:D018239,Disease) :: ['seminoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Multimodality therapy for @entity418 holds promise for improving outcome in this lethal disease. On the basis of encouraging data from a phase I trial, we conducted a phase II study of preoperative chemotherapy, followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy and surgery. METHODS: @entity1 with clinically staged resectable @entity418 were treated with induction @entity900 and @entity1311 , followed by 45 Gy of external beam radiation with concurrent infusional @entity1487 and weekly @entity900 and @entity1311 . Four to eight weeks after multimodality induction, esophagectomy was performed in suitable @entity1 . Study end points were survival, pathologic complete response, and @entity137 . RESULTS: Twenty-one @entity1 were enrolled with a median age of 58 years, and all @entity1 were clinically staged II or III. Sixteen (76.2%) @entity1 completed the trial, of whom four (25%) had a pathologic complete response. One @entity1 died from @entity260 . Grade 3 or 4 @entity137 was observed in 76% of @entity1 , and dose-limiting @entity137 was seen in 6 of the first 14 @entity1 , thus necessitating a planned dose reduction of @entity1311 . At a median follow-up of 30 months, 13 @entity1 remain alive. The 2-year disease-specific survival for the study population was 78%. CONCLUSIONS: This regimen of multimodality therapy before resection resulted in an encouraging 2-year survival rate but a disappointing rate of pathologic complete response and was toxic, necessitating a predetermined @entity1311 dose reduction. The incorporation of @entity6023 into induction strategies for @entity418 seems promising, but the optimal schedule remains undefined.

title: Induction @entity900 and @entity1311 followed by combination chemoradiotherapy with @entity1487 , @entity900 , and @entity1311 before resection in localized XXXX : a phase II report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity418 :: ('MESH:D004938', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal cancer']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['5-fluorouracil']

answer: @entity418 :: (MESH:D004938,Disease) :: ['esophageal cancer']


abstract: AIMS: Altered drug disposition has been associated with @entity32 and @entity6 , leading to the alteration of drug efficacy and @entity137 . Carboxylesterases are major hydrolytic enzymes in the liver, catalyzing the hydrolytic biotransformation of numerous therapeutic agents. Therefore, how @entity413 affects the regulation of carboxylesterases by @entity777 ( @entity777 ) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were investigated. MAIN METHODS: Primary @entity19 hepatocytes were cultured. Protein levels were measured by Western blot or enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), while confocal laser scanning microscope and flow cytometry were used to confirm the activation of @entity60487 ( @entity60487 ). Carboxylesterase activity was evaluated by enzymatic and toxicological assays. KEY FINDINGS: Elevated @entity413 (11 or 25 mM) significantly increased carboxylesterase expression compared to 5.6 mM @entity413 . Carboxylesterase expression and activity were inhibited by LPS or @entity777 in 25 mM @entity413 , but stimulated in 5.6 mM @entity413 . The altered expression of carboxylesterases was not consistent with the activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NFkB) but repeatedly with the expression and activation of @entity60487 ( @entity60487 ). The altered activation of @entity60487 was further evidenced by the differential subcellular translocation and the expression of its target gene @entity21651 ( @entity21651 ). It implies that @entity60487 , instead of inflammatory signaling, mediates the regulation of carboxylesterases by inflammatory mediators in different @entity413 concentrations. SIGNIFICANCE: The findings contribute to clarify the regulation of carboxylesterases by inflammatory mediators, and indicate that carboxylesterase-involved drug metabolism and drug-drug interactions in @entity6 should be reevaluated according to the intensity of inflammatory reactions and @entity4854 .

title: @entity413 dominates the regulation of carboxylesterases induced by lipopolysaccharide or XXXX in primary @entity19 hepatocytes.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity4854 :: ('MESH:D006943', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemia']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity777 :: (16193(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['interleukin-6']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In @entity195 , growing evidence has shown that uncontrolled glial activation and neuroinflammation may contribute independently to @entity179 . Antiinflammatory strategies might provide benefits for this devastating disease. The aims of the present study are to address the issue of whether glial activation and proinflammatory cytokine increases could be modulated by quetiapine in vivo and in vitro and to explore the underlying mechanism. METHODS: Four-month-old @entity15370 ( @entity15370 ) and @entity20933 ( @entity20933 ) transgenic and nontransgenic @entity19 were treated with quetiapine (5mg/kg/d) in drinking water for 8 months. Animal behaviors, total Ab levels, and glial activation were evaluated by behavioral tests, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunohistochemistry, and Western blot accordingly. Inflammatory cytokines and the nuclear factor kappa B pathway were analyzed in vivo and in vitro. RESULTS: Quetiapine improves behavioral performance, marginally affects total Ab40 and Ab42 levels, attenuates glial activation, and reduces proinflammatory cytokines in @entity58647 @entity19 . Quetiapine suppresses Ab1-42-induced activation of primary microglia by decresing proinflammatory cytokines. Quetiapine inhibits the activation of nuclear factor kappa B p65 pathway in both @entity19 and primary microglia stimulated by Ab1-42. CONCLUSIONS: The antiinflammatory effects of quetiapine in @entity195 may be involved in the nuclear factor kappa B pathway. Quetiapine may be an efficacious and promising treatment for @entity195 targeting on neuroinflammation.

title: Quetiapine Attenuates Glial Activation and Proinflammatory Cytokines in XXXX @entity19 via Inhibition of Nuclear Factor-kB Pathway.

entities_list: @entity15370 :: ('11820(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['APP', 'amyloid precursor protein']

entities_list: @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mice', 'transgenic mice']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['neurodegeneration']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["Alzheimer's disease"]

answer: @entity58647 :: (11820;19164,Gene) :: ['APP/PS1']


abstract: @entity785 ( @entity785 ) is a @entity66 characterized by functional and structural @entity1503 and @entity82 of the skin and internal organs. Eighty percent of subjects with @entity785 have orofacial manifestations. No tests for oral manifestations have been validated for this pathology, and in the literature there are few studies of speech therapy for subjects with @entity785 . These facts suggested the need for an exhaustive assessment of mouth mobility and muscle strength, and also of swallowing and voice, in order to plan a targeted and effective speech therapy. The @entity2631 ( @entity2631 ) has been developed to assess disorders in five domains: Impairment, Swallow, Voice, Multifield, and Quality of Life. Perception of these disorders was assessed in 84 subjects with @entity785 and in 40 healthy subjects. After the first draft, a shorter form (39 items) was obtained after statistical analysis. This scale showed good discriminant and concurrent validity. Internal consistency was good: three of five subscales had a Cronbach alpha coefficient higher than 0.8. The test/retest coefficient for the total score was 0.94. Thirty-six percent of examined subjects showed moderate to severe @entity74 . @entity1282 and @entity73 (e.g., decrease in mobility and strength) were the most commonly reported problems. Conversely, the change of voice due to the pathology was not perceived as a problem. Fifty-five percent of subjects reported a decreased level of quality of life.

title: XXXX in @entity2631 : development and validation of the @entity2631 scale.

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['multisystemic disorder']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['impairment of mouth']

entities_list: @entity2631 :: ('MESH:D012594', 'Disease') :: ['SLS', 'Scleroderma Logopedic Scale']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['abnormalities of small blood vessels']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['oropharyngolaryngeal disorders']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['Swallowing disorders']

entities_list: @entity785 :: ('MESH:D012595', 'Disease') :: ['Systemic sclerosis', 'SSc']

answer: @entity74 :: (MESH:D030342,Disease) :: ['Oropharyngolaryngeal disorders']


abstract: Though used occasionally, systemic therapies in severe childhood @entity1569 have not been systematically investigated. @entity205 (CysA) is effective in adults with severe @entity1569 but there are no extensive data regarding the efficacy and safety of its use in childhood @entity1569 . In this paper, we describe six @entity1 aged between 11 months and 13 years (average: 7.6 years) treated with CysA microemulsion formulation for severe @entity1569 , who had been unresponsive to other treatments. The CysA dose ranged from 2 to 4 mg/kg/day, for periods varying from 8 to 105 weeks (mean: 54 weeks). Dose tapering was gradual after lesion improvement and adjusted according to clinical response. Adjuvant therapy with topical @entity230 , @entity3875 ointments, @entity7864 or @entity7141 was used in all @entity1 . @entity14028 was used in three @entity1 for short periods. The @entity1 were regularly monitored for serum renal and liver function and blood pressure. Improvement of @entity272 was achieved after between 4 and 30 (mean: 12) weeks of treatment, with complete remission in three @entity1 . @entity75 occurred in the other @entity1 during CysA reduction, but they responded to a dose increase. The treatment was found to be well tolerated and with no significant side-effects. CysA can be used in carefully selected and monitored @entity1 and may represent an alternative tool for severe episodes of @entity1569 in @entity1 , when other therapies are unsuccessful.

title: XXXX treatment in severe childhood @entity1569 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity14028 :: ('MESH:D017255', 'Chemical') :: ['Acitretin']

entities_list: @entity7864 :: ('MESH:D055008', 'Disease') :: ['coal tar preparations']

entities_list: @entity1569 :: ('MESH:D011565', 'Disease') :: ['psoriasis']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['Relapse of lesions']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['Cyclosporin A']

entities_list: @entity7141 :: ('MESH:D000875', 'Chemical') :: ['anthralin']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin lesions']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

answer: @entity205 :: (MESH:D016572,Chemical) :: ['Cyclosporin A']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 6693 Background: This phase-II-trial investigated the safety and efficacy of a combined modality treatment with @entity3118 (F) and the monoclonal anti- @entity7638 antibody Alemtuzumab (A) in @entity1 (pts) with @entity1072 . Objectives of this study were to evaluate the feasibility and overall response rate, to assess the response duration and the @entity66 after treatment. METHODS: The FluCam schedule consists of an escalation phase of Alemtuzumab up to 30 mg within 3 days and followed by the FluCam combination therapy. F was administered at a dosage of 30 mg/m2/d (day 1-3) immediately followed by the 2h antibody-infusion (30mg; d1-3) and repeated on day 29 for up to 6 cycles. @entity66 was monitored by 4-colour flow cytometry. RESULTS: A total of 28 pts have been recruited so far. Baseline characteristics of these pts are: median age 60.7 years (range 38-80 years); male gender: 23; Binet stage C: 21; median number of prior regimens 2 (range 1-8) including @entity3118 in 18 pts, Rituximab in 12 pts and Alemtuzumab in 4 pts. In 28/28 pts Overal Response Rate was 86%. The response rate for the first 14 pts was 7 CR, 5 PR, 1 SD, 1 @entity1726 . Assessment of minimal @entity66 showed negativity in 8/14 pts in peripheral blood and was confirmed in bone marrow in 4/8 pts. FFTF is 16.5 months with 2 pts in ongoing remission. Therapy was well tolerated with WHO grade 3/4 @entity1398 in 10/50 evaluable cycles and severe @entity882 in 11/50 cycles. CONCLUSION: The second interim analysis of this phase-II study of the FluCam protocol in pts with @entity1072 suggests that this combination is very effective, feasible and safe. The interim analysis of all 28 pts will be presented. A prospective randomised phase-III-study comparing FluCam with @entity3118 is underway. [Table: see text].

title: Results of a phase II trial of a @entity3118 with concomitant application of alemtuzumab in a four-weekly schedule (FluCam) in @entity1 with XXXX . 2nd Interim analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['residual disease', 'Residual disease']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity1072 :: ('MESH:D015451', 'Disease') :: ['relapsed CLL']

entities_list: @entity3118 :: ('MESH:C024352', 'Chemical') :: ['fludarabine']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

answer: @entity1072 :: (MESH:D015451,Disease) :: ['relapsed CLL']


abstract: @entity1636 are rare @entity5 and the definitive diagnostic criteria are distant metastasis and / or local invasion. Due to advances in imaging techniques, adrenal cortical @entity5 are discovered earlier and are smaller, increasing the need for more accurate diagnosis and pathologic indicators of prognosis. A twelve year retrospective clinicopathologic analysis of 15 histopathologically proven cases of @entity1636 was done. Clinical details including radiologic findings, endocrine manifestations and gross finding were analysed. @entity1710 and @entity1711 stained slides were reviewed. Emphasis was on application of Weiss criteria. All @entity5 fulfilled Weiss criteria of @entity5 , ie. all 15 possessed 3 or more of these criteria of @entity5 . Functional @entity5 showed a greater representation of mixed cell type. It was concluded that Weiss criteria is easy to apply and that a combined evaluation of clinical features, size, weight and microscopic appearance seems necessary for the diagnosis of @entity1636 .

title: XXXX : a 12-year clinicopathologic study of 15 cases.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['fifteen tumors', 'neoplasms', 'malignancy', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1636 :: ('MESH:D018268', 'Disease') :: ['Adrenal cortical carcinomas', 'adrenocortical carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity1710 :: ('MESH:D006416', 'Chemical') :: ['Hematoxylin']

answer: @entity1636 :: (MESH:D018268,Disease) :: ['Adrenocortical carcinomas']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We investigated the predictive value of urinary @entity1254 (uADP) for the progression of @entity2316 ( @entity2316 ) as well as for the principal determinants of uADP concentrations. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: uADP was measured in 2,090 @entity1 with type 1 @entity6 followed for a median of 5.8 (4.4-6.9) years and in 111 subjects without @entity6 . Progression was defined as a change in @entity633 (albumin excretion rate [AER]) to a higher stage or development of @entity454 ( @entity454 ). Various Cox regression and competing risk models were used to evaluate the predictive value of uADP for @entity2316 progression. The added predictive benefit to AER or estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was estimated by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, integrated discrimination improvement (IDI), continuous net reclassification improvement (NRI), and other statistical indexes. The determinants of uADP were investigated by multiple regression analyses. RESULTS: uADP was an independent predictor of progression to @entity454 (hazard ratio 1.60, P < 0.001) and was an even better predictor than AER (P = 0.04) or as good as eGFR (P = 0.79). Furthermore, uADP added a significant benefit when used together with AER (NRI 0.794, P = 0.03; IDI 0.115, P < 0.0001) or eGFR (NRI 0.637, P < 0.001; IDI 0.087, P < 0.0001). The common determinants of uADP were glycemic control, @entity810 , and AER. CONCLUSIONS: uADP is a strong independent predictor of @entity2316 progression from macroalbuminuria to @entity454 and adds a significant predictive benefit to current biomarkers in @entity1 with type 1 @entity6 .

title: Urinary @entity1254 Is an Independent Predictor of Progression to End-Stage Renal Disease in @entity1 With Type 1 Diabetes and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity2316 :: ('MESH:D003928', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic nephropathy', 'DN']

entities_list: @entity633 :: ('MESH:D000419', 'Disease') :: ['albuminuria']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['tubular injury']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage renal disease', 'ESRD']

answer: @entity2316 :: (MESH:D003928,Disease) :: ['Diabetic Nephropathy']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Several researchers are focused on preparation of mesoporous @entity3440 as drug carriers with high loading efficiency to control or sustain the drug release. Carriers with highly loaded drug are utilized to minimize the time of drug intake. In this study, @entity1472 modified @entity42540 was synthesized through grafting with @entity47185 and then loaded with @entity803 . The drug loading was optimized by using the response surface method considering various factors including drug to @entity3440 ratio, operation time, and temperature. The drug to @entity3440 ratio indicated as the most influential factor on the drug loading yield. Further, a quadratic polynomial equation was developed to predict the loading percentage. The experimental results indicated reasonable agreement with the predicted values. The modified and drug loaded mesoporous particles were characterized by FT-IR, SEM, TEM, X-ray diffraction (XRD), elemental analysis and N2 adsorption-desorption. The release profiles of @entity803 -loaded particles were studied in different pH. Also, Higuchi equation was used to analyze the release profile of the drug and to evaluate the kinetic of drug release. The drug release rate followed the conventional Higuchi model that could be controlled by @entity1472 -functionalized @entity42540 . Further, the drug delivery system based on @entity1472 modified @entity42540 exhibits novel features with an appropriate usage as an anti-bacterial drug delivery system with effective management of drug adsorption and release.

title: Optimization of XXXX adsorption on @entity1472 modified @entity42540 using response surface methodology.

entities_list: @entity47185 :: ('MESH:C477625', 'Chemical') :: ['amino propyl triethoxy silane']

entities_list: @entity803 :: ('MESH:D013752', 'Chemical') :: ['tetracycline', 'tetracycline hydrochloride']

answer: @entity803 :: (MESH:D013752,Chemical) :: ['tetracycline hydrochloride']


abstract: Filamentous fungal genomes contain two distantly related @entity1919 -dependent protein kinase A catalytic subunits (PKAs), but only one PKA is found to play a principal role. In @entity14940 , PkaA is the primary PKA that positively functions in vegetative growth and spore germination but negatively controls asexual sporulation and production of the mycotoxin @entity45905 . In this report, we present the identification and characterization of pkaB, encoding the secondary PKA in A. nidulans. Although deletion of pkaB alone does not cause any apparent phenotypic changes, the absence of both pkaB and pkaA is lethal, indicating that PkaB and PkaA are essential for viability of A. nidulans. Overexpression of pkaB enhances hyphal proliferation and rescues the growth defects caused by DeltapkaA, indicating that PkaB plays a role in vegetative growth signaling. However, unlike DeltapkaA, deletion of pkaB does not suppress the fluffy-autolytic phenotype resulting from DeltaflbA. While upregulation of pkaB rescues the defects of spore germination resulting from DeltapkaA in the presence of @entity413 , overexpression of pkaB delays spore germination. Furthermore, upregulation of pkaB completely abolishes spore germination on medium lacking a @entity505 source. In addition, upregulation of pkaB enhances the level of submerged sporulation caused by DeltapkaA and reduces hyphal tolerance to oxidative stress. In conclusion, PkaB is the secondary PKA that has a synthetic lethal interaction with PkaA, and it plays an overlapping role in vegetative growth and spore germination in the presence of @entity413 but an opposite role in regulating asexual sporulation, germination in the absence of a @entity505 source, and oxidative stress responses in A. nidulans.

title: The pkaB gene encoding the secondary protein kinase A catalytic subunit has a synthetic lethal interaction with pkaA and plays overlapping and opposite roles in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity14940 :: ('162425', 'Species') :: ['Aspergillus nidulans']

entities_list: @entity45905 :: ('MESH:D013241', 'Chemical') :: ['sterigmatocystin']

entities_list: @entity1919 :: ('MESH:D000242', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclic AMP']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity14940 :: (162425,Species) :: ['Aspergillus nidulans']


abstract: Extracellular matrix molecules are generally categorized as collagens, @entity23255 , proteoglycans, or other noncollagenous structural/cell interaction proteins. Many of these extracellular proteins contain distinctive repetitive modules, which can sometimes be found in other proteins. We describe the complete primary structure of an alpha 1 chain of type XII collagen from @entity1573 embryonic fibroblasts. This large, structurally chimeric molecule identified by cDNA analysis combines previously unrelated molecular domains into a single large protein 3,124 residues long (approximately 340 kD). The deduced @entity1573 type XII collagen sequence starts at the @entity1472 terminus with one unit of the @entity164 of fibronectin, which is followed by one unit homologous to the @entity2880 factor A domain, then one more fibronectin type III module, a second A domain from @entity2880 factor, 6 units of @entity164 and a third A domain, 10 consecutive units of @entity164 and a fourth A domain, a domain homologous to the NC4 domain peptide of type IX collagen, and finally two short collagenous regions previously described as part of the partially sequenced collagen type XII molecule; an @entity11599 potential cell adhesive recognition sequence is present in a hydrophilic region at the terminus of one collagenous domain. Antibodies raised to type XII collagen synthesized in a bacterial expression system recognized not only previously reported bands (220 kD et cetera) in tendons, but also bands with apparently different molecular sizes in fibroblasts and 4-d embryos. The antibodies stained a wide variety of extracellular matrices in embryos in patterns distinct from those of fibronectin or interstitial collagens. They prominently stained extracellular matrix associated with certain neuronal tissues, such as axons from dorsal root ganglia and neural tube. These studies identify a novel chimeric type of molecule that contains both adhesion molecule and collagen motifs in one protein. Its structure blurs current classification schemes for extracellular proteins and underscores the potentially large diversity possible in these molecules.

title: The complete primary structure of type XII collagen shows a chimeric molecule with reiterated fibronectin type III motifs, XXXX factor A motifs, a domain homologous to a noncollagenous region of type IX collagen, and short collagenous domains with an @entity11599 site.

entities_list: @entity164 :: ('MESH:D017827', 'Disease') :: ['type III motif']

entities_list: @entity2880 :: ('MESH:D014842', 'Disease') :: ['von Willebrand']

answer: @entity2880 :: (MESH:D014842,Disease) :: ['von Willebrand']


abstract: The goal of this study was to assess the duration of @entity158 -related clinical effects and referred @entity1931 after surgery in @entity35 . Isoflurane anesthesia with or without femoral vein cannulation was performed (n = 6 per group). Body weight and food and water consumption were monitored daily for 48 h, and tail-flick latency was measured twice daily for 24 h after surgery. Water consumption at 24 h after surgery was significantly decreased in the surgical group compared with baseline values and those of the anesthesia group. Body weight change and food consumption showed nonsignificant decreases compared with baseline in both groups 24 h after the procedure. There was a trend toward decreased food consumption after surgery compared with that for the anesthesia-alone group. Tail-flick latency was nonsignificantly decreased the afternoon after surgery compared with baseline values or that after anesthesia alone. Tail-flick latency was similar to baseline and between groups 24 h after surgery. All parameters were similar between groups and compared with baseline by 48 h after surgery. Our results show some changes in postsurgical @entity158 -related parameters only during the initial 24-h period after femoral cannulation surgery, but only the change in water consumption was significant. Although this study involved only a small number of animals, our findings suggest that femoral vein cannulation produces a less painful stimulus than that seen in studies assessing these parameters after abdominal surgery. @entity1931 from a distant painful stimulus could not be measured in this model by using the tail-flick assay.

title: Duration of clinical effects and absence of referred @entity1931 after femoral vein cannulation in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1931 :: ('MESH:D006930', 'Disease') :: ['hyperalgesia', 'Hyperalgesia']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: A 43-year-old Japanese @entity1 consulted our hospital for a @entity66 on her right nipple. Two years later, the lesion became enlarged, measuring 5     5  mm. It was dark brown, had an irregular shape and relatively clear borders. Incisional biopsy yielded a pathological diagnosis of @entity272 . An additional 2  years later, a small mass developed under the right nipple area and core needle biopsy yielded a pathologic diagnosis of @entity513 . Partial resection of the right EC areas included the skin of the nipple and sentinel lymph node biopsy was performed. Histologically, the skin of the nipple demonstrated small clusters of pigmented @entity189 cells that were low molecular weight cytokeratin (CAM5.2) positive. Most of the @entity189 cells were small and did not have abundant cytoplasm, but nuclear enlargement and prominent nucleoli indicated @entity5 , and the cytoplasm was pale compared with that of the surrounding squamous epithelial cells. Scattered dendritic melanocytes were identified by S-100 protein and HMB-45 immunohistochemically. In the upper dermis, @entity189 cells also involved the lactiferous ducts. A small focus of @entity189 cells that invaded the fat tissues did not contain melanin pigment. The final diagnosis was pigmented mammary @entity4261 . Pigmented lesions on the nipple should be carefully examined, because pigmented mammary @entity4261 sometimes mimics malignant @entity320 or junctional nevus.

title: A case report of pigmented mammary XXXX mimicking nevus of the nipple.

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['pigmented lesion']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity4261 :: ('MESH:D010001', 'Disease') :: ["Paget's disease"]

entities_list: @entity513 :: ('MESH:D044584', 'Disease') :: ['invasive ductal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['junctional nevus of the skin']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma']

answer: @entity4261 :: (MESH:D010001,Disease) :: ['Paget's disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The @entity1211 ( @entity1211 ) prophylaxis is to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with the development of a @entity1150 ( @entity1150 ) or @entity1151 ( @entity1151 ). Because @entity1 with @entity5 are at high risk to develop @entity1211 , we sought to determine the present practice patterns of gynecologic oncologists regarding their use of @entity1211 prophylaxis. METHODS: 1073 members of the Society of Gynecologic Oncologists (SGO) were mailed surveys that asked about preferred methods to prevent the development of @entity1211 after gynecologic oncology surgery. Data were collected by online member entry and return mail. Frequency distributions were calculated and nonparametric test used for comparisons. RESULTS: 343/1073 (34%) of SGO members and fellows responded. 142/343 (42%) preferred double prophylaxis consisting of external pneumatic compression (EPC) and an anticoagulant while 41% (n=141) preferred EPC with no additional anticoagulation. Of respondents choosing any anticoagulant, 40% preferred Enoxaparin pre- and/or postoperatively. @entity43 @entity1 were perceived by respondents to have the highest risk of developing a postoperative @entity1151 . CONCLUSIONS: Most respondents agree that @entity1 with @entity5 undergoing major surgery should receive @entity1211 prophylaxis, though there is not agreement as to which method is optimal. While 42% of members preferred double prophylaxis, 41% chose no additional measures other than EPC. Randomized studies in gynecologic oncology should be initiated in the United States to determine the optimal practice pattern.

title: Defining practice patterns in gynecologic oncology to prevent XXXX and @entity1150 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['Ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['gynecologic cancers']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['PE', 'pulmonary embolism']

entities_list: @entity1150 :: ('MESH:D020246', 'Disease') :: ['deep venous thrombosis', 'DVT']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['goal of venous thromboembolism', 'VTE']

answer: @entity1151 :: (MESH:D011655,Disease) :: ['pulmonary embolism']


abstract: CONTEXT: Established as an adjuvant chemotherapy, CapeOX has recently been shown to have radiosensitizer property in a phase I and II studies, with appreciable downstaging and tolerable @entity137 . AIMS: The study was designed to evaluate whether the @entity416 - @entity901 combination was superior to @entity1487 ( @entity1487 )- @entity4181 as radiosensitizer for neoadjuvant chemoradiation in downstaging locally advanced @entity420 and to compare the @entity137 between the two arms. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: Single institutional, double blinded, prospective, noncrossover, randomized control pilot study. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: In arm A (n = 21), @entity1 received @entity416 (1,000 mg/m(2) daily) in twice dailydoseon days 1-14 and 25-38 and @entity901 (85 mg/m(2)) intravenous (IV) over 2 h, on @entity58712 . In arm B (n = 21), @entity1 received @entity4181 (20 mg/m(2)) and @entity1487 (350 mg/m(2)) from D1-5 and D29-33. @entity1 in both the arms received concurrent radiation (50.4 Gy in 28 #, in conventional fractionation of 1.8 Gy per fraction). Six to eight weeks after concurrent chemoradiation, @entity1 underwent assessment and surgery with total mesorectal resection. Postoperatively, adjuvant chemotherapy with m-FOLFOX 6 of 4 months was given to all @entity1 . STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Chi-square test was used to compare categorical variables between the groups. RESULTS: Objective response rate (ORR) in arm A was 80.95% compared to arm B which had 66.66% (P = 0.3055). Pathological complete response (pCR) rate of arm A was comparable to arm B (23.8 vs 14.28%, P value = 0.6944). Surgery with R0 resection was possible in 80.95% cases of arm A compared to 66.66% cases of arm B (P = 0.4827). Grade III @entity137 were quite comparable between two treatment arms. CONCLUSIONS: In terms of ORR, pCR rate, R0 resection, and @entity137 profile; both the arms were comparable.

title: A randomized controlled pilot study to compare @entity416 - @entity901 with @entity1487 - XXXX as neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiation in locally advanced adenocarcinoma of rectum.

entities_list: @entity901 :: ('MESH:C030110', 'Chemical') :: ['oxaliplatin']

entities_list: @entity4181 :: ('MESH:D002955', 'Chemical') :: ['leucovorin']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity416 :: ('MESH:C110904', 'Chemical') :: ['capecitabine']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['rectal adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity4181 :: (MESH:D002955,Chemical) :: ['leucovorin']


abstract: The high incidence of @entity299 in @entity22 ( @entity22 ) @entity1 has heightened interest in many investigations concerning the serum lipid levels of these @entity1 . The prevalence and laboratory characteristics of serum lipid concentrations in @entity22 @entity1 , however, are far from clear. We hypothesized that serum lipids are significantly lower in @entity22 @entity1 compared to their matched nondialysis counterparts. We compared 2-year averaged serum levels of total @entity165 (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoproteins (HDL), and @entity1674 in 285 @entity22 @entity1 to the same averaged measurements during the same period of time in 285 nondialyzed outpatients from the same geographic area, whose lipid panels were measured in the same laboratory. Matching factors were sex, race and/or ethnicity, @entity6 , and age (+/- 5 years). The @entity22 @entity1 and their matched controls were 55.6 +/- 13.5 (SD) and 56.3 +/- 13.0 years old, respectively. Each group contained 51% @entity1 , 31% African Americans, 52% Hispanics, and 37% @entity6 ; 16% of @entity22 @entity1 and 38% of controls were receiving statins. Body mass index (BMI) was significantly lower in @entity22 @entity1 than in controls (26.2 vs. 31.5 kg/m2; p < 0.001). Serum @entity165 levels were significantly lower in @entity22 @entity1 than in control subjects including after adjustment for BMI and statin use (TC, -51; LDL, -39; and HDL, -10 mg/dL; p < 0.001). Using conditional logistic regression for matched data and after controlling for BMI and statins, all odds ratios for predetermined @entity753 , but not hypertriglyceridemic, levels were significantly and substantially lower than 1.00, indicating much lower likelihood of @entity1007 in @entity22 @entity1 . Total and LDL @entity1007 , although very common in nondialysis ambulatory outpatients, are substantially less prevalent in the @entity22 population, whereas @entity2298 is approximately equally prevalent between these populations.

title: A matched comparison of serum lipids between hemodialysis XXXX and nondialysis morbid controls.

entities_list: @entity2298 :: ('MESH:D015228', 'Disease') :: ['hypertriglyceridemia']

entities_list: @entity753 :: ('OMIM:143890', 'Disease') :: ['hypercholesterolemic']

entities_list: @entity1007 :: ('MESH:D006937', 'Disease') :: ['hypercholesterolemia']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetics', 'diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac and vascular disease']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

entities_list: @entity22 :: ('MESH:D007319', 'Disease') :: ['maintenance hemodialysis', 'MHD']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Local ablative procedures such as cryosurgery and thermo-ablation are increasingly employed as a supplement to liver resection for the therapy of primary and secondary @entity96 . It is still unclear if the survival time can be extended through local ablative procedures. This prospective study shows operative actions, complications and long-term follow-up of 19 @entity1 undergoing cryotherapy. METHODS: Between 1997 and 1998, 19 @entity1 underwent cryotherapy due to a non-resectable @entity96 (17 @entity1 with @entity3 of a @entity694 , 2 @entity1 with a @entity157 ). Twelve @entity1 (63.2%) received cryotherapy only and seven @entity1 (36.8%) received a combination of resection and cryotherapy. The median follow-up period was 23 months. RESULTS: In a total of 59 @entity96 (18 were resected and 41 received cryotherapy), 12 had cryotherapy only, and 7 had a combination of cryotherapy and resection. The 30-day lethality was 0%, and the rate of major complications was 21%. After one year, 27.3% of the @entity1 were still recurrence-free. The recurrence rate for all @entity5 treated was 58.8%. The median survival time for all @entity1 was 21 months. The one- and three-year survival rates were 62.5% and 15.8%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The mortality for cryotherapy is low, but there is a high rate of complications and long-term @entity5 control is not sufficient. If local ablative procedures of @entity99 are to be performed, not laparotomy but percutaneous, percutaneous thermoablation should be discussed as an alternative therapeutic measure.

title: Cryoablation of malignant XXXX : results of a single center study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic lesions']

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['liver tumors', 'malignant liver tumor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon carcinoma']

answer: @entity96 :: (MESH:D008113,Disease) :: ['liver tumors']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Background: The Impact of Weight on Self-Perceptions Questionnaire (IW-SP) assesses an individual's self-perception related to his or her weight. The primary objective of this study was to provide evidence of the reliability, validity, and responsiveness of the IW-SP. Materials and Methods: Study @entity1 were individuals with @entity6 ( @entity6 ) and @entity28 enrolled in clinical weight-loss programs in the United States. Data were obtained for clinical measures, IW-SP, and other @entity1 -reported outcome measures. An intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Cronbach's a were calculated for test-retest reliability and internal consistency, respectively. For validity, correlations and t tests were performed. For responsiveness, baseline and 6-month data for a subgroup of @entity1 were analyzed using the paired t test and calculation of effect size (ES). Results: Reliability data for 106 study @entity1 (mean age, 52 years; 69% female; 31% white; mean body mass index, 38   kg/m(2)) yielded an ICC of 0.85 and Cronbach's a values of >0.89. IW-SP scores were associated with @entity28 -related quality of life, mental health, and vitality (r>0.50, P<0.001). In the subgroup (n=40) used to estimate responsiveness, weight was significantly less at end point than at baseline (mean, baseline=231.9 vs. end point=222.0 pounds; P<0.001; ES=0.23), and IW-SP scores were significantly better than at baseline (mean, baseline=61.0 vs. end point=72.1 [on a scale of 0-100]; P=0.01; ES=0.34). Mean IW-SP change scores significantly discriminated between those achieving >5% body weight loss and those who achieved <5% (mean change, 23.6 vs. 5.7; P=0.03). Conclusions: The IW-SP has demonstrated reliability, validity, and responsiveness in individuals with @entity6 and @entity28 , thereby making it a potentially valuable tool in the evaluation of weight-loss interventions targeted toward @entity1 with @entity6 .

title: Reliability, Validity, and Responsiveness of the Impact of Weight on Self-Perceptions Questionnaire (IW-SP) in Individuals with Type 2 XXXX and @entity28 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['T2DM', 'type 2 diabetes mellitus']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['Diabetes']


abstract: @entity1017 is frequent in @entity3052 ( @entity3052 ) and is counted alongside structural abnormalities when determining karyotype complexity. However, there are few studies investigating the cytogenetic profile and outcome of @entity1 with a @entity981 karyotype (49-65 chromosomes, HK). We identified 221 (14%) @entity1 with HK out of 1563 @entity1 with three or more @entity2008 . HK was not associated with sex, white cell count and secondary disease status, but was more prevalent among @entity1 (22% vs 13%). The pattern of @entity1017 and loss was non-random and chromosomes 8, 13 and 21 were the most frequently gained. Three distinct subgroups (numerical, structural and adverse) were identified with differential outcome: 5-year cumulative incidence of relapse of 52%, 68% and 76%, respectively (P=0.008). @entity1 in the adverse subgroup had poorer survival compared with @entity1 with only numerical abnormalities (adjusted hazard ratio: 2.01 (95% confidence interval: 1.43-2.83), P=0.0002). This outcome heterogeneity was similar among @entity1 and adults. In conclusion, @entity3052 @entity1 with a HK should not automatically be assigned to the adverse cytogenetic risk group on the basis of complexity. Instead they should be assessed for the presence of specific @entity2008 , which are known to harbour an adverse effect.

title: Hyperdiploidy with 49-65 chromosomes represents a heterogeneous cytogenetic subgroup of XXXX with differential outcome.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity981 :: ('MESH:D054198', 'Disease') :: ['hyperdiploid']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute myeloid leukemia', 'AML']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['Chromosome gain', 'chromosomal gain']

entities_list: @entity2008 :: ('MESH:D002869', 'Disease') :: ['chromosomal abnormalities']

answer: @entity3052 :: (MESH:D015470,Disease) :: ['acute myeloid leukemia']


abstract: We performed serial hemodynamics in 15 @entity1 with 21 well-differentiated @entity157 . The total length of the observation period ranged from 129 to 678 days (median, 368). We investigated both arterial and portal blood flow at intervals of at least 4 months. Arterial blood flow was measured with @entity544 -enhanced ultrasonography (US), and portal blood flow was measured with computed tomographic arterial portography (CTAP). None of the @entity5 were hypervascular on the initial study; however, by the final study nine nodules (42.9%) had become homogeneously hypervascular, two (9.5%) had become partially hypervascular, and the others did not change. Of 10 nodules without portal blood supply on any study, 8 became hypervascular by the final study. Of 11 nodules with portal blood supply on the initial study, a follow-up study showed no change in portal flow in 6 and the loss of portal flow in 5. Four of these five became hypervascular, with a documented loss of portal flow before the increase in arterial flow. The doubling time of @entity5 with a homogeneous increase in arterial blood flow ranged from 89 to 333 days (median, 172), whereas the doubling time of other @entity5 ranged from 227 to 607 days (median, 392). Thus, growth rate and vascularity in well-differentiated @entity157 are closely correlated. When the well-differentiated @entity157 has portal blood flow and is not hypervascular, it grows slowly. On the other hand, when it loses portal blood flow and becomes hypervascular, it grows rapidly.

title: Serial hemodynamic measurements in well-differentiated XXXX .

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma', 'hepatocellular carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity544 :: ('MESH:D002245', 'Chemical') :: ['carbon dioxide']

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['hepatocellular carcinomas']


abstract: PURPOSE: To compare @entity1661 ( @entity1661 ) and @entity632 - @entity900 (AP) chemotherapy in @entity1 with stage III or IV @entity1204 having a maximum of 2 cm of postoperative @entity66 . @entity1 AND METHODS: Four hundred twenty-two @entity1 were entered onto this trial. Of 396 assessable @entity1 , 202 were randomly allocated to receive @entity1661 , and 194 were allocated to receive AP. Irradiation dosage was 30 Gy in 20 fractions, with a 15-Gy boost. Chemotherapy consisted of @entity632 60 mg/m2 and @entity900 50 mg/m2 every 3 weeks for seven cycles, followed by one cycle of @entity900 . RESULTS: Most @entity1 and @entity5 characteristics were well balanced. The median @entity1 age was 63 years; 50% had @entity5 . Median follow-up time was 74 months. The hazard ratio for progression adjusted for stage was 0.71 favoring AP (95% CI, 0.55 to 0.91; P < .01). At 60 months, 50% of @entity1 receiving AP were predicted to be alive and disease free when adjusting for stage compared with 38% of @entity1 receiving @entity1661 . The stage-adjusted death hazard ratio was 0.68 (95% CI, 0.52 to 0.89; P < .01) favoring AP. Moreover, at 60 months and adjusting for stage, 55% of AP @entity1 were predicted to be alive compared with 42% of @entity1661 @entity1 . Greater acute @entity137 was seen with AP. Treatment probably contributed to the @entity204 of eight @entity1 (4%) on the AP arm and five @entity1 (2%) on the @entity1661 arm. CONCLUSION: Chemotherapy with AP significantly improved progression-free and overall survival compared with @entity1661 . Nevertheless, further advances in efficacy and reduction in @entity137 are clearly needed.

title: Randomized phase III trial of XXXX versus @entity632 and @entity900 chemotherapy in advanced @entity1204 : a Gynecologic Oncology Group Study.

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1204 :: ('MESH:D016889', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['residual disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'endometrioid tumors']

entities_list: @entity1661 :: ('MESH:D000008', 'Disease') :: ['whole-abdominal irradiation', 'WAI']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

answer: @entity1661 :: (MESH:D000008,Disease) :: ['whole-abdominal irradiation']


abstract: A village-based programme of presumptive treatment of fever, using voluntary village aides to dispense oral @entity503 or @entity16944 , was established in 1982 by the Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research (PNG IMR) in 35 rural villages or hamlets near Madang, on the north coast of PNG. In the course of the following two years, village aides became an established health resource in many of those villages, although in others they were poorly utilized. In attempting to evaluate the impact of the programme on village health, a number of parameters were investigated. These included @entity311 -related mortality and morbidity, and the prevalence of parasitaemia and @entity1283 in @entity1 in the study area. Deaths attributable to @entity311 , which accounted for 11% of deaths in the under-10 year age-group, and @entity6197 cases were too few to be useful as parameters to evaluate the programme. No reduction in spleen or parasite rates occurred in @entity1 as a result of the village aide programme. In two villages, there was an unexplained increase in spleen rate following the introduction of a village aide. A study of @entity311 -related morbidity, by investigation of all fever cases occurring in a two-week recall period, was conducted in mid-1984. House-to-house interviews were carried out in 19 villages: 9 control villages, where there was no village aide, 6 where the village aide was well utilized, and 4 where the village aide was poorly utilized. The study showed that village aides had a measurable impact on morbidity due to fever in villages where they were well utilized, primarily by reducing the duration of fever through early treatment. The results also suggested that @entity1 benefitted even in the villages where the overall utilization of village aides was low. It is felt that such a programme would have had an even greater impact in areas where access to existing health services is more difficult than in the study area.

title: The role of voluntary village aides in the control of XXXX by presumptive treatment of fever. 2. Impact on village health.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity1283 :: ('MESH:D006332', 'Disease') :: ['splenic enlargement']

entities_list: @entity16944 :: ('MESH:D000655', 'Chemical') :: ['amodiaquine']

entities_list: @entity6197 :: ('MESH:D016779', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral malaria']

entities_list: @entity503 :: ('MESH:D002738', 'Chemical') :: ['chloroquine']

answer: @entity311 :: (MESH:D008288,Disease) :: ['malaria']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We report what we believe is the first case of @entity56 ( @entity56 ) caused by the fungus @entity7144 . Our @entity1 was a 32-year-old @entity1 who presented with @entity480 . Computed tomography of the sinuses detected left-sided pansinusitis and @entity79 . T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a signal void that suggested the presence of a @entity364 . The @entity1 underwent unilateral ethmoidectomy. Histologic examination of the diseased tissue identified @entity56 @entity3558 with 70% eosinophils and no fungal hyphae. Mycologic culture detected @entity7144 . After a short period of improvement, the @entity1 experienced a recurrence, which was confirmed by radiology. A second surgery was performed, and the same fungal hyphae were found in the mucus and on culture, which led us to suspect @entity56 . Since no IgE test for @entity7144 was available, we developed a specific immunologic assay that confirmed the presence of specific IgG, which identified a high degree of immunologic reaction against our homemade R oryzae antigens. With a long course of systemic antifungal treatment, the @entity1 's symptoms resolved and no recurrence was noted at 5 years of follow-up.

title: An uncommon cause of @entity56 : XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity7144 :: ('64495', 'Species') :: ['R oryzae', 'Rhizopus oryzae']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone erosion']

entities_list: @entity364 :: ('MESH:D009181', 'Disease') :: ['fungal infection']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic fungal rhinosinusitis', 'allergic', 'AFRS']

entities_list: @entity480 :: ('MESH:D009298', 'Disease') :: ['unilateral nasal polyps and chronic nasal dysfunction']

answer: @entity7144 :: (64495,Species) :: ['Rhizopus oryzae']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To obtain the optimal information concerning the time course of the morbidity od @entity64 . BACKGROUND: Recently, long years' cycling, similar to that in sun and geomagnetic activity, is observed in various biomedical variables. Other discovery is that of transyear (over one year) and cisyear (under one year) rhythms,originating also in the sun, in medicine. SUBJECTS: There were 6100 @entity1 with @entity385 , 415 with intracerebral and 277 with @entity510 admitted at Clinic of Neurology in Nov   Z  mky (area with 70 km radius and 180 000 inhabitants). Their monthly numbers were registered since January 1989 up to December 2004. METHODS: The data were processed by Halberg's cosinor regression. Presence of linear trend and of the period lengths of 10.5 (solar Schwabe-cycle), 5.25, 7.04 (geomagnetic activity cycling), 3.52, 1.70, 1.50, 1.30 (solar wind cycling), 1.20, 1.00 and 0.50 years was tested. Level of statistical significance was set at alpha = 0.05. RESULTS: In all three time series, significant linear trends were found with the estimated monthly increase by 0.8% of the estimated starting mesor value for @entity1188 , 1.2% for cerebral and 1.9% for @entity510 . Both the solar and geomagnetic cycling with their second harmonics were significant in all three clinical diagnoses. The transyear with period length of 1.3 year was significant in both @entity548 while in @entity1188 only its borderline significance was achieved. Nevertheless, its amplitude was always higher (by 15 to 83%) than that of 1.00 year estimated cosinusoid. CONCLUSION: All presented time series document increasing trends in the morbidity on @entity64 in the given geographic area. The presence of secular, years lasting cycles adds to relatively long list of similar chronocosmoepidemiologic analyses, so far generally ignored due to insufficient understanding of inferential statistics and chronobiology among doctors. The transyear paraseasonality represents a new element in these studies. To honour the nestor of the world chronobiology, who highly acknowledged the work of Ladislav D  rer, the designation "Halberg's paraseasonality" is proposed (Tab. 2, Fig. 3, Ref. 17).

title: Secular rhythms and Halberg's paraseasonality in the time occurrence of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral stroke']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhages']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['subarachnoid hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarction']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral infarction']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['cerebral stroke']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Local production of IgA and IgE in the airways has been proposed to be an important event in both immune protection from pathogens and the pathogenesis of @entity56 . OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to investigate the production of @entity8410 of the @entity2874 family (BAFF), an important regulator of B-cell survival and immunoglobulin class-switch recombination, in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid after segmental allergen challenge of allergic subjects. METHODS: Segmental allergen challenge with saline or allergen was performed in 16 adult allergic subjects. BAL was performed at both saline- and allergen-challenged sites 20 to 24 hours after challenge. Concentrations of B cell-active cytokines, including BAFF, @entity650 , and @entity4047 , were measured by using specific ELISA and cytometric bead array assays. RESULTS: Levels of BAFF protein were significantly increased in BAL fluid after allergen challenge (53.8 pg/mL [range, 0-407.4 pg/mL], P = .001) compared with those at saline-challenged sites (0 pg/mL [0-34.7 pg/mL]). In the BAL fluid after allergen challenge, BAFF levels were significantly correlated with absolute numbers of total cells (r = 0.779, P < .001), lymphocytes (r = 0.842, P < .001), neutrophils (r = 0.809, P < .001), and eosinophils (r = 0.621, P = .010) but did not correlate with macrophages. Normalization to albumin indicated that BAFF production occurred locally in the airways. BAFF levels were also significantly correlated with the other B cell-activating cytokines @entity650 (r = 0.875, P < .001) and @entity4047 (r = 0.812, P < .001). CONCLUSION: The antigen-induced production of BAFF in the airway might contribute to local class-switch recombination and immunoglobulin synthesis by B cells.

title: Local release of @entity8410 of the XXXX family after segmental allergen challenge of allergic subjects.

entities_list: @entity8410 :: ('10673', 'Gene') :: ['B cell-activating factor']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['airway allergic diseases']

answer: @entity2874 :: (MESH:C536657,Disease) :: ['TNF']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether @entity2780 can convert @entity955 or @entity5069 in @entity1 in whom @entity2643 has failed. DESIGN AND SETTING: Clinical study in a university hospital @entity1213 ( @entity1213 ). @entity1 : Twenty-six @entity1 were studied, in whom @entity955 or @entity5069 persisted for a maximum of 6 h at maximum. @entity1 were monitored continuously during the @entity943 . Medical conversion was necessary due to symptomatic or hemodynamic causes. INTERVENTIONS: All @entity1 initially received @entity2643 (150 mg i.v.) and after 2 h of persistent @entity943 @entity2780 (1 mg or, without success and body weight > 70 kg, 2 mg i.v.). Before the administration of @entity2780 1 g @entity1760 was administered, and high normal levels of @entity972 serum levels were achieved (4.5-5.0 mmol/l). RESULTS. After @entity2643 @entity956 persisted in 73% and @entity955 in 27% of @entity1 . After @entity2780 the QT interval was prolonged from 327 +/- 61 to 387 +/- 62 ms. The QTc interval increased from 456 +/-32 to 461 +/- 66 ms. Conversion to normal sinus rhythm was achieved in 22 of 27 of cases. Nonsustained @entity1166 pointes @entity591 was seen in three @entity1 (11%). No @entity1 showed sustained @entity1165 . @entity1 with proarrhythmic effects were characterized by a decreased left ventricular function. CONCLUSIONS: In @entity1213 @entity1 @entity2780 led to conversion to sinus rhythm in 81.5% of @entity1 in whom @entity2643 was unsuccessful. Nonsustained @entity591 were seen in 11%; sustained @entity1165 was not seen. @entity2780 seems to be well suitable for conversion of recent onset @entity955 or @entity5069 and had no severe side effects in this study population.

title: Conversion of recent-onset XXXX or @entity5069 with @entity2780 after @entity2643 has failed.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity2643 :: ('MESH:D000638', 'Chemical') :: ['amiodarone']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity1166 :: ('MESH:D016171', 'Disease') :: ['torsade de']

entities_list: @entity2780 :: ('MESH:C067192', 'Chemical') :: ['ibutilide', 'Ibutilide']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardia', 'tachycardias']

entities_list: @entity956 :: ('MESH:D001282', 'Disease') :: ['atrial flutter']

entities_list: @entity1213 :: ('MESH:D012555', 'Disease') :: ['intensive care unit', 'ICU']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmia']

entities_list: @entity1760 :: ('MESH:D008274', 'Chemical') :: ['magnesium']

answer: @entity955 :: (MESH:D001281,Disease) :: ['atrial fibrillation']


abstract: AIM: Relaxant effects of different beta-adrenoceptor agonists on porcine and @entity1 detrusor were examined. Thus, the beta-adrenoceptor subtype mainly responsible for relaxation in the detrusor muscle of @entity1707 was characterized. Additionally, different effects of several beta-agonists in both species were shown. METHODS: Experiments were performed on muscle strips of porcine and @entity1 detrusor suspended in a tissue bath. The relaxant effects of the non-selective beta-agonist @entity3044 , the selective @entity2263 -agonists @entity11610 , @entity3045 and the selective @entity1093 -agonists @entity3047 , CL 316 243 and @entity3046 on @entity972 -induced contraction were investigated. The inhibitory effect of different substances on the maximum contraction and the rank order of potency for endogenous @entity2661 was determined in @entity1707 . Furthermore, concentration-relaxation curves were performed for @entity1707 and @entity1 . RESULTS: @entity1707 : In the pre-treatment experiments @entity3044 and @entity11610 showed similar effects. The concentration-response experiments showed that the maximum relaxation induced by @entity11610 and @entity3045 was more than 90%, not significantly different from @entity3044 , whereas the maximum relaxations of CL 316 243, @entity3047 and @entity3046 amounted to 68, 70 or 30%, respectively. Rank order of potencies was @entity3044 > or = @entity1425 > @entity1063 . @entity1 : @entity3044 , @entity11610 , @entity3045 and CL 316 243 showed a maximum relaxation of 80, 41, 24 and 35% and pD2 values of 6.24, 5.65, 5.48 and 5.55, respectively. CONCLUSION: @entity2263 -receptors play a main functional role in mediating relaxation of porcine detrusor. Selective @entity32994 -agonists similarly relax the @entity1 detrusor. Effects were smaller compared with the @entity1707 .

title: Relaxant effects of beta-adrenergic agonists on porcine and XXXX detrusor muscle.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human', 'Humans']

entities_list: @entity3045 :: ('MESH:D000420', 'Chemical') :: ['salbutamol']

entities_list: @entity1425 :: ('MESH:D004837', 'Chemical') :: ['adrenaline']

entities_list: @entity11610 :: ('MESH:D017265', 'Chemical') :: ['procaterol']

entities_list: @entity3044 :: ('MESH:D007545', 'Chemical') :: ['Isoprenaline', 'isoprenaline']

entities_list: @entity2661 :: ('MESH:D002395', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamines']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['noradrenaline']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: Clinical and electrophysiological features of 20 @entity1 presenting with @entity1165 ( @entity1165 ) of @entity714 ( @entity714 ) morphology without evidence of @entity453 were studied. The mean age of the @entity1 was 35.2 +/- 12 (range 15-57 years). The rate of @entity1165 varied between 140-240/min (182 +/- 80). Six (30%) @entity1 experienced giddiness or @entity1163 during palpitations. @entity299 was found in 10 (50%) of these @entity1 , which included @entity4128 in five, submitral left ventricular (LV) @entity439 in one, anterolateral LV dyskinesis in one, @entity384 in one, @entity18032 in one and nonobstructive @entity1121 in one case. Ten @entity1 were free of structural @entity299 . Electrophysiological study was done in all @entity1 . @entity1165 with same morphology as spontaneous @entity1165 was inducible in only 14 @entity1 . Seventeen @entity1 were treated medically with total or partial amelioration of symptoms. In three @entity1 , two with @entity4128 and one with structurally normal heart, who were unresponsive to drug therapy, the @entity1165 focus could be mapped in right ventricular outflow tract and successful electrical ablation was done. Thus in @entity1 who present with @entity1165 with @entity714 morphology, the heart is often structurally normal but @entity347 is not uncommon, and should be carefully searched.

title: @entity1165 with XXXX morphology in the absence of @entity299 --clinical and electrophysiological observations.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4128 :: ('MESH:D019571', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['VT', 'ventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity714 :: ('MESH:D002037', 'Disease') :: ['left bundle branch block', 'LBBB']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['dilated cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity18032 :: ('MESH:D004719', 'Disease') :: ['endomyocardial fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['Structural heart disease', 'heart disease']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity1121 :: ('MESH:D002312', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophic cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity347 :: ('MESH:D019965', 'Disease') :: ['organic disease']

answer: @entity714 :: (MESH:D002037,Disease) :: ['left bundle branch block']


abstract: An earlier study reported an increased resistance of @entity1573 to an acute lethal heating episode (43 degrees C. and 45% relative humidity) during aflatoxicosis. This varies from other stresses investigated which interact with aflatoxicosis to make @entity1573 more sensitive to the stress factor. The effects of graded doses of dietary @entity11189 (0, 0.625, 2.5, 5.0, and 10.0 mug./g.) on the body temperature, on body fat, on the serum @entity413 , and on the effect of varying the severity of the @entity8291 were measured. Both serum @entity413 and total body fat were decreased significantly (P less than 0.05) by doses of 2.5 mug./g. and above. Cloacal temperature was decreased slightly but significantly (P less than 0.05) in @entity1573 fed 5 or 10 mug./g. for 12 days or longer. The mean survival time of birds exposed to a @entity8291 of 40 degrees C. and 45% relative humidity did not vary with the dose of @entity11189 while a milder stress of 37 degrees C. and 45% relative humidity caused @entity1573 fed @entity11189 at 2.5 mug./g. or above to show decreased survival times (P less than 0.05) in comparison to the controls. These data can be rationalized by assuming that the lessened burden of body fat during aflatoxicosis accounts for the increased survival time in a severe (43 degrees C. and 45% relative humidity) @entity8291 but that other parameters related to physiological stress play a dominant role during a less severe but more prolonged heating episode. It seems likely that the @entity4053 , @entity2332 , and lessened body fat also account for the previously reported increased sensitivity to a lethal cold exposure during aflatoxicosis.

title: Interaction of aflatoxicosis with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity4053 :: ('MESH:D007003', 'Disease') :: ['hypoglycemia']

entities_list: @entity8291 :: ('MESH:D018882', 'Disease') :: ['heat stress']

entities_list: @entity11189 :: ('MESH:D000348', 'Chemical') :: ['aflatoxin']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity2332 :: ('MESH:D007035', 'Disease') :: ['hypothermia']

answer: @entity8291 :: (MESH:D018882,Disease) :: ['heat stress']


abstract: Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) is a well known mitogen for mesenchyme-derived cells and glial cells. Its presence in neuronal cells of the central nervous system has only recently been described. We have shown earlier that neurons of newborn @entity35 brains in culture express @entity672 -receptors and that PDGF-BB, a homodimer of @entity672 -chain, increases survival and promotes neurite outgrowth of @entity76 (Smits et al., Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 88, 8159-8163, 1991). In this study, the effects of PDGF on early postnatal @entity35 cerebellar cells were further explored. By using chemically defined serum-free medium, we have established primary cell cultures of @entity35 cerebella (postnatal day 4-5) containing 70-80% neuronal cells. During the first 10 days in vitro, no difference in total cell number was found between PDGF-BB-treated and untreated cultures. After this time period, however, increased survival of the PDGF-BB-treated cells was found. Within the first 10 days in vitro, the addition of PDGF-BB to the cultures resulted in a relative increase in survival of interneurons expressing @entity367 decarboxylase (GAD), the @entity1246 biosynthetic enzyme. Moreover, addition of PDGF-BB in the untreated cell culture resulted in a rapid increase of GAD mRNA. These results show that PDGF-BB acts as a trophic factor on GABAergic interneurons of the cerebellum by up-regulating GAD synthesis and prolonging the survival of these cells. Furthermore, in situ hybridization revealed that there are scattered cells present in the early postnatal cerebellum that express @entity672 -receptor mRNA.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: PDGF-BB exerts trophic activity on cultured XXXX interneurons from the newborn @entity35 cerebellum.

entities_list: @entity76 :: ('MESH:D002526', 'Disease') :: ['newborn cerebellar cells']

entities_list: @entity367 :: ('CHEBI:18237', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamic acid']

answer: @entity1246 :: (MESH:D005680,Chemical) :: ['GABA']


abstract: BACKGROUND: National surveillance systems depend on accurate and reproducible diagnosis of @entity281 . AIM: To investigate the effect of accuracy of diagnosing healthcare-associated @entity281 (HCAIs) on @entity29381 rates in a national healthcare-associated surveillance system. METHODS: Data from the validation process from the intensive care unit (ICU) surveillance component of the German Krankenhaus Infektions Surveillance System (KISS; Hospital Infection Surveillance System) were used to calculate the accuracy of diagnosing @entity29381 for each individual surveillance @entity1 (SP) responsible for surveillance of @entity29381 in the ICU of his or her hospital. Multivariate analyses were performed to identify factors that were attributed to surveillance accuracy. FINDINGS: A total of 189 SPs responsible for surveillance in 218 ICUs assessed 30 case vignettes. The chance of belonging to the group of SPs with high accuracy was increased by being a physician (odds ratio: 3.14; P  =  0.02) and by being an external SP (odds ratio: 4.69; P   <=  0.01). ICU @entity29381 rates depend on the sensitivity of the ICU' @entity16237 [incidence rate ratio (IRR): 1.28 (1.07, 1.53); P   <=  0.01]. High sensitivity increases healthcare-associated urinary tract infection rates [IRR: 1.33 (1.02, 1.75); P  =  0.03] and bloodstream infection rates [IRR: 1.33 (1.06, 1.68); P  =  0.01]. High specificity was not a significant factor. CONCLUSION: In light of the link between sensitivity of diagnosing @entity29381 by case vignettes and the ICU @entity29381 rates, this validation method can be recommended for validation of other surveillance systems.

title: Case vignettes to evaluate the accuracy of  identifying  healthcare-associated XXXX  by  surveillance @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

answer: @entity281 :: (MESH:D007239,Disease) :: ['infections']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity1 with @entity925 , but a comprehensive study on @entity121 is lacking. We therefore report the clinical, electromyographic and muscle biopsy findings in @entity1 with @entity9556 . METHODS: Consecutive @entity1 with @entity9556 were included, and their clinical and laboratory findings were noted. The @entity1 with @entity925 or @entity425 and elevated serum @entity908 kinase (CK) were considered to have @entity121 . Electromyography (EMG) and muscle biopsy were done in some @entity1 . @entity1 were treated with @entity3403 200mg daily for 7days, and their clinical and biochemical outcome on discharge and one month were evaluated. RESULTS: 13 out of 33 (39.4%) @entity1 had @entity121 and their CK levels ranged between 287 and 3166 (859  829) U/L. EMG revealed short duration polyphasic potentials, and muscle histopathology revealed evidence of @entity1333 . There were significant correlations between severity of @entity425 and CK levels (r=-0.6; p<0.001), platelet counts (r=0.4; p=0.04), duration of illness (r=-0.4; p=0.01) and disability on discharge (r=-0.4; p=0.04). @entity1 with @entity121 had more severe illness evidenced by a lower Glasgow @entity772 Scale score (p<0.001), @entity882 (p=0.05) and greater disability on discharge (p=0.007), when compared to those without @entity121 . All the @entity1 had complete recovery following @entity3403 therapy, and CK levels also normalized. CONCLUSION: @entity121 was present in 39% @entity1 with @entity9556 . Although muscle histopathology showed evidence of @entity1333 , @entity1 responded to @entity3403 .

title: A study of XXXX in @entity9556 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity9556 :: ('MESH:D012612', 'Disease') :: ['scrub typhus']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity1333 :: ('MESH:D014657', 'Disease') :: ['vasculitis']

entities_list: @entity908 :: ('MESH:D003401', 'Chemical') :: ['creatine']

entities_list: @entity3403 :: ('MESH:D004318', 'Chemical') :: ['doxycycline']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['weakness']

entities_list: @entity925 :: ('MESH:D063806', 'Disease') :: ['scrub typhus often complain of myalgia', 'myalgia']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['Muscle dysfunction', 'muscle involvement', 'muscle dysfunction']

answer: @entity121 :: (MESH:D009135,Disease) :: ['muscle involvement']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In older @entity1 , hospitalization is often associated with new or worsening disability. This hospitalization-associated disability may be explained in part by the cumulative effect of aging, frailty, comorbidities, and illnesses that led to hospitalization but may also result from health care management issues and the hospital environment. Our objective was to determine the frequency, causes, and the preventability of disability induced by the processes of care or " @entity717 ." METHODS: A total of 503 @entity1 , aged 75 years and older, hospitalized in the 105 medical and surgical units of Toulouse University Hospital between October 2011 and March 2012, with a minimal length of stay of 2 days, were included. Hospitalization-associated disability was defined as a loss of 0.5 points or more in the Katz Activity of Daily Living Score between the time of hospital admission and discharge. To determine the iatrogenic component of hospitalization-associated disability, an expert panel in geriatric medicine reviewed each medical chart using a standardized record review and identified precipitating iatrogenic adverse events resulting in functional decline. RESULTS: Incidence of @entity717 was 11.9% (95% confidence interval, 9.2%-15.1%). Of the 60 cases of @entity717 , 49 (81.7%, 95% confidence interval, 69.6%-90.5%) were judged to be potentially preventable. The most common health management issues identified in @entity1 with preventable @entity717 were low mobilization [by excessive bed rest (26.5%) and lack of physical therapist intervention (55.1%)], overuse of diapers (49.0%), and transurethral urinary catheterization (30.6%). CONCLUSIONS: The present study suggests that a significant proportion of hospitalization-associated disability may be induced by iatrogenic events, and that most of them are potentially preventable. Health care professionals need to be educated on the specific needs of elderly hospitalized @entity1 and should consider hospitalization-associated disability as an outcome of care.

title: Preventable Iatrogenic Disability in Elderly XXXX During Hospitalization.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['iatrogenic disability']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Most of the known actions of @entity2178 are mediated by the @entity7743 ( @entity7743 ). The @entity5536 / @entity5538 (1166) (A/C(1166)) polymorphism of the @entity7743 gene has been shown to be associated with @entity101 and @entity101 . Thus, it may have the potential to predict the blood pressure response of @entity1 with @entity101 to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs). OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between the A/C(1166) polymorphism and the blood pressure response to ACEIs in a @entity101 cohort. DESIGN AND METHODS: After a 2-week, single-blind, placebo run-in period, ACEIs were administered for 6 weeks to 509 @entity101 @entity1 . The polymorphism was determined by PCR followed by restriction enzyme digestion. RESULTS: The AA genotype, AC genotype, and CC genotype were present in 464 (91.2%), 44 (8.6%), and 1 (0.2%) of @entity1 , respectively. As the frequency of the C allele was quite low (0.05), the genotypes were classified according to the presence or absence of the C allele. After 6 weeks of treatment, the systolic blood pressure reductions in @entity1 with the AA genotype and AC + CC genotype were 14.3 +/- 12.6 and 14.1 +/- 12.2 mmHg, respectively (P = 0.908). The diastolic blood pressure reductions in @entity1 with the AA genotype and AC + CC genotype were 8.6 +/- 7.1 and 8.8 +/- 6.9 mmHg, respectively (P = 0.816). There were no differences in the changes in systolic or diastolic blood pressure after treatment among the two genotype groups. CONCLUSION: The @entity58798 R @entity7744 polymorphism does not predict the response to antihypertensive treatment with ACEIs in Chinese @entity101 @entity1 .

title: @entity5536 / @entity5538 (1166) polymorphism of the XXXX gene and the antihypertensive response to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors.

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'hypertensive', 'hypertension-related diseases']

entities_list: @entity2178 :: ('183', 'Gene') :: ['angiotensin II']

entities_list: @entity5538 :: ('MESH:D003596', 'Chemical') :: ['cytosine']

entities_list: @entity7743 :: ('185', 'Gene') :: ['angiotensin II type 1 receptor', 'AGT1R']

answer: @entity7743 :: (185,Gene) :: ['angiotensin II type 1 receptor']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity32 promotes @entity731 in @entity65 and is a major prognostic factor for @entity1 undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). @entity6785 ( @entity6785 ) is involved in the progress of @entity731 and plaque destabilization and plays a pivotal role in the development of @entity1187 ( @entity1187 ). Little is known to date about the clinical impact of @entity6785 in @entity1 with symptomatic @entity453 ( @entity453 ). METHODS AND RESULTS: In a pilot study, 286 @entity1 with symptomatic @entity453 (n=119 @entity1187 , n=167 stable @entity453 ) undergoing PCI were consecutively evaluated. 25 healthy volunteers served as control. Expression of @entity6785 was consecutively measured in @entity1 at the time of PCI. Baseline levels of @entity650 ( @entity650 ), @entity5737 ( @entity5737 ) and @entity2842 ( @entity2842 ) were measured by Bio-Plex Cytokine assay. @entity1851 ( @entity1851 ) was determined by Immunoassay. @entity1 with @entity1187 showed higher plasma levels of @entity6785 compared to @entity1 with stable @entity453 and control subjects (median 2.85 ng/mL, interquartile range (IQR) 3.52 versus median 1.22 ng/mL, IQR 2.99, versus median 0.1, IQR 0.09, p<0.001). Increased @entity6785 levels were associated with @entity1851 and @entity650 levels and correlated with troponin I (TnI) release (spearman rank coefficient: 0.31, p<0.001). @entity1 with @entity1187 due to @entity397 showed significantly higher plasma levels of @entity6785 than @entity1 with flow limiting stenotic lesions (p=0.002). CONCLUSION: To our knowledge this is the first study, demonstrating enhanced expression of @entity6785 in @entity1187 . It is associated with established inflammatory markers, correlates with the extent of cardiac @entity39 marker release after PCI and is significantly increased in @entity1187 @entity1 with "culprit" lesions. Further attempts should be undertaken to characterize the role of @entity6785 for risk assessment in the setting of @entity1187 .

title: XXXX is enhanced in @entity1187 and is associated with the inflammatory response.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['ACS', 'acute coronary syndromes']

entities_list: @entity5737 :: ('6352', 'Gene') :: ['"regulated upon activation, normal T-cell expressed, and secreted"', 'RANTES']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity6785 :: ('4282', 'Gene') :: ['MIF', 'Macrophage migration inhibitory factor']

entities_list: @entity2842 :: ('6347', 'Gene') :: ['monocyte chemoattractant protein-1', 'MCP-1']

entities_list: @entity397 :: ('MESH:D012421', 'Disease') :: ['plaque rupture']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['CAD', 'coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein', 'CRP']

answer: @entity6785 :: (4282,Gene) :: ['Macrophage migration inhibitory factor']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1405 is a direct inhibitor of vascular smooth muscle cell migration and proliferation through inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinase activity and regulation of cell cycle progression. It produced an 84% suppression of neointimal @entity1373 in @entity35 carotid angioplasty model, but no data are available regarding its effect on stent @entity256 in @entity1 . We tested whether a sustained oral administration of @entity1405 reduces @entity256 after coronary stenting in @entity1 . METHODS: One hundred fifty-nine @entity1 were randomly assigned to receive either @entity1405 (50 mg/d, n = 80) or @entity2165 (50 mg/d, n = 79) at least 1 day before stenting and continued on the same medication over a period of 3 months. The primary end point was angiographic @entity256 (>50% diameter stenosis) at follow-up angiography. RESULTS: Baseline clinical and angiographic variables were similar between the @entity1405 and @entity2165 group. The @entity1405 dose was tolerable in most @entity1 but reduced in 3 @entity1 because of @entity551 or @entity1296 . Angiographic follow-up was done in 137 @entity1 (86%), and @entity256 rate was not different significantly between both groups (17.1% versus 19.4%, P =.732). CONCLUSIONS: A sustained oral administration of @entity1405 is not effective to reduce @entity256 after stenting in @entity1 . With @entity1405 targeting regulators of cell cycle progression and having a profound neointimal inhibition with a high blood concentration in an animal study, further investigations with a stent-based delivery to achieve a high local concentration may be warranted.

title: Comparison between a sustained administration of XXXX versus @entity2165 to reduce @entity256 after coronary stenting.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1373 :: ('MESH:D006965', 'Disease') :: ['hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity256 :: ('MESH:D023903', 'Disease') :: ['restenosis']

entities_list: @entity1405 :: ('MESH:C043211', 'Chemical') :: ['carvedilol', 'Carvedilol']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

entities_list: @entity1296 :: ('MESH:D004244', 'Disease') :: ['dizziness']

entities_list: @entity2165 :: ('MESH:D001262', 'Chemical') :: ['atenolol']

answer: @entity1405 :: (MESH:C043211,Chemical) :: ['carvedilol']


abstract: @entity11603 ( @entity11603 ) is a member of the @entity5 @entity39 factor (TNF) superfamily and is expressed primarily on the activated @entity404 ( )T lymphocytes. The @entity2936 molecule, the cognate receptor of @entity11603 presents on many immunocytes such as B lymphocytes, dendritic cells (DCs) as well as on some neoplastic cells. Triggering of @entity2936 through @entity11603 plays a central role in the initiation and regulation of the @entity1 immune response. In order to further investigate the possible biological roles of @entity2936 signaling triggered by @entity11603 , we subcloned the DNA fragment encoding the extracellular region of @entity1 @entity11603 into the pSK plasmid. After being sequenced, the target fragment was introduced into the pPICZalphaA plasmid to construct the pPICZalphaA-sCD40L expressing vector which was then transduced into @entity10101 cells by electroporation. The tansformant expressed sCD40L in culture supernatants with a maximum yield of about 35 mg/L. Furthermore, we found that the recombinant @entity1 soluble @entity2936 ligand (rhsCD40L) could effectively induced @entity1 peripheral blood monocytes(PBMCs) in vitro in the absence of @entity310 into dendritic cells (DCs) with the typical morphology and special surface markers of dendritic cells including @entity4896 , @entity7938 , @entity8730 , and HLA-DR etc. To our surprise, the rhsCD40L also could inhibit directly in vitro proliferation of the @entity2936 -positive multiple @entity1582 cell line XG-2 and the @entity1892 cell line Daudi significantly at an optimal concentration from 2.5 to 15.0 mg/L, while @entity2936 negative @entity43 cell lines, SKB and @entity32776 , were not effected by either high or low concentration of rhsCD40L. Moreover, rhsCD40L had the same effects as @entity11603 -transfected cell in inducing XG2 cell apoptosis. Our results demonstrated that functional @entity1 soluble @entity11603 could be successfully expressed in the @entity10056 system and that the recombinant @entity1 soluble @entity11603 might be a potential immune adjuvant and a new powerful molecule for @entity5 bio-therapy.

title: Expression of XXXX Soluble @entity2936 Ligand in @entity10056 and Its Effects on Dendritic Cells and Malignant B Cells.

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity10056 :: ('4922', 'Species') :: ['Pichia pastoris']

entities_list: @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ['B lymphoma']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Human']