abstract: Atypical antipsychotic medications with lower affinities for D2 receptors are considered useful alternatives to treat drug-induced @entity1833 in @entity191 ( @entity191 ). We conducted a double-blind, placebo-controlled, unforced titration, parallel design study (2:1 drug to placebo randomization ratio) using @entity1037 (2.5-10 mg/day to effect) in 30 @entity191 @entity1 with drug-induced @entity1833 . We performed an extensive battery of neuropsychological tests, the Unified @entity191 Rating Scale (UPDRS), assessments of on and off time at baseline and at 9 weeks after starting the medication. Sixteen @entity1 on @entity1037 (mean dose, 4.6 mg/night) and 11 on placebo completed the study. Compared with placebo, performance on the UPDRS item 2 (thought disorder), and a structured interview for @entity1833 , both tended to improve on drug but neither reached statistical significance. A neuropsychological test battery did not show any significant differences. Total on UPDRS motor scores (P < 0.05) and timed tapping (P < 0.01) worsened while on drug compared to placebo. @entity2845 (P < 0.01) and gait (P < 0.001) items on the UPDRS largely accounted for this deterioration. After completion of the study, 8 of 16 @entity1 randomly assigned to drug continued @entity1037 at a mean dose of 2.4 mg/day. However, at the last recorded visit only 5 of 24 (20.8%) of all @entity1 exposed to drug (including those originally randomly assigned to placebo) remained on @entity1037 . In @entity1 with @entity191 , low-dose @entity1037 did not significantly improve @entity1833 but did worsen motor function.

title: XXXX treatment for dopaminergic-induced @entity1833 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease", "Parkinson's Disease", 'PD']

entities_list: @entity1833 :: ('MESH:D006212', 'Disease') :: ['hallucinations']

entities_list: @entity2845 :: ('MESH:D018476', 'Disease') :: ['Bradykinesia']

entities_list: @entity1037 :: ('MESH:C076029', 'Chemical') :: ['olanzapine']

answer: @entity1037 :: (MESH:C076029,Chemical) :: ['Olanzapine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In @entity1 with @entity227 , measurement of health-related quality of life (hQoL) and vision-related quality of life (vQoL) is an important adjunct to clinical measures such as perimetry. The purpose of this study was to describe hQoL and vQoL of @entity1 with @entity227 after @entity75 such as @entity1188 , @entity131 , and @entity5 . METHODS: The National Eye Institute -- Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI-VFQ) for vQoL and the SF-36 Health Survey for hQoL were administered to 24 @entity1 about 2 years after occurrence of the @entity227 . Visual fields were measured by standard perimetry and a near-threshold campimetric method. Visual acuity was measured by the Landolt-Ring-Test. RESULTS: The NEI-VFQ scores -- but not SF-36 scores -- were not only lower than those of a disease-free group but also lower than those of @entity1 with @entity227 not caused by @entity75 . Rank correlations between the size of the @entity227 and NEI-VFQ subscales were significantly high or modest. With SF-36 scores these correlations were generally low and moderate at best. CONCLUSION: The NEI-VFQ is a valuable measure of self-reported @entity227 in @entity1 with @entity227 after @entity75 . The measurement of unspecific hQoL is not sufficient to reflect the problems of @entity1 with @entity227 .

title: [Visual field defects after XXXX from the @entity1 's perspective: health- and vision-related quality of life assessed by SF-36 and NEI-VFQ].

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual field defect', 'visual impairments', 'visual field defects', 'visual impairment']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['traumatic brain injury']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral damage', 'cerebral lesions']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarction']

answer: @entity75 :: (MESH:D001927,Disease) :: ['cerebral lesions']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Among @entity1474 , epidemiologic studies have demonstrated that   -6 ( @entity4722 ) and   -3 ( @entity7461 ) @entity1718 show different associations with risk of @entity65 ( @entity65 ), although its molecular mechanisms remain unclear. To determine why consumption of   -3 @entity844 is associated with lower risk of @entity65 , we investigated the biological functions of   -6 ( @entity4722 ) and   -3 ( @entity7461 ) in reconstituted HDL (rHDL) after encapsulation using @entity1 cells and @entity3392 embryo. @entity67924 ( @entity67924 ) is the principal protein behind the beneficial functions of HDL, which include potent anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti- @entity731 activities in blood. Several rHDLs were synthesized with @entity67924 and different molar ratio of   -6 or   -3 @entity844 . Both @entity1718 showed similar solubility in rHDL up to a molar ratio of 95:5:1:10 ( @entity37584 : @entity165 : @entity67924 : @entity844 ). Although both rHDL showed similar structural properties and a-helical contents,   -6-rHDL showed loss of anti-oxidant ability against LDL oxidation. Uptake of acetylated LDL into macrophages was inhibited by   -3-rHDL but not   -6-rHDL, suggesting that   -6-rHDL has higher pro- @entity731 activity.   -3-rHDL showed more enhanced @entity165 efflux activity with less accumulation of @entity412 in the macrophage.   -6-rHDL caused more senescence in @entity1 dermal fibroblast cells with @entity137 , while   -3-rHDL treatment inhibited the senescence. In @entity3392 embryo survivability,   -3-rHDL-injected embryos showed 86  3% survival, whereas   -6-rHDL-injected ones showed 72  2% survival as well as an elevated inflammatory response in @entity3392 embryos. In conclusion,   -6-rHDL and   -3-rHDL show different physiological activities in @entity731 , @entity32 , and cellular senescence.

title: -6 (18:2) and   -3 (18:3) fa XXXX n reconstituted high-density lipoproteins show different functionality of anti-at @entity731 roperties and em @entity137

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity844 :: ('CHEBI:35366', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity37584 :: ('MESH:C028694', 'Chemical') :: ['palmitoyloleoyl phosphatidylcholine']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerotic', 'atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity1474 :: ('MESH:D005231', 'Chemical') :: ['unsaturated fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity4722 :: ('MESH:D019787', 'Chemical') :: ['linoleic acid']

entities_list: @entity7461 :: ('MESH:D017962', 'Chemical') :: ['linolenic acid']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['CVD', 'cardiovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity1718 :: (MESH:D005227,Chemical) :: ['fatty acids']


abstract: In @entity1 with @entity82 , @entity810 is mainly due to @entity177 (caused by @entity8 ) and @entity4295 . The main causes of @entity177 are "true @entity3485 " (induced by @entity548 or @entity344 ), @entity3182 ( @entity3182 ). The frequency of @entity177 due to the administration of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or intravascular radiocontrast agents is unknown. @entity177 is rapidly reversible after restoration of renal blood flow. Treatment is directed to the cause of hypoperfusion, and fluid replacement is used to treat most cases of "non- @entity3182 " @entity177 . In @entity1 with type 1 @entity3182 with very low short-term survival rate, liver transplantation is the ideal treatment. Systemic vasoconstrictor therapy (with @entity8508 , @entity1063 , or @entity21172 [combined with octreotide]) may improve renal function in @entity1 with type 1 @entity3182 waiting for liver transplantation. MARS (for molecular adsorbent recirculating system) and the transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt may also improve renal function in these @entity1 . In @entity1 with @entity82 , @entity4295 is mainly due to an @entity63 insult to the renal tubules. The most common condition leading to @entity63 @entity4295 is severe and sustained @entity177 . Little is known about the natural course and treatment (i.e., renal replacement therapy) of @entity82 -associated @entity4295 .

title: @entity810 in @entity1 with XXXX : perspectives in the age of MELD.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal hypoperfusion']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity3182 :: ('MESH:D006530', 'Disease') :: ['HRS', 'sepsis, or type 1 hepatorenal syndrome']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity4295 :: ('MESH:D007683', 'Disease') :: ['acute tubular necrosis', 'tubular necrosis']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity21172 :: ('MESH:D008879', 'Chemical') :: ['midodrine']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal or renal fluid losses']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['prerenal failure', 'Prerenal failure']

entities_list: @entity8508 :: ('MESH:C012078', 'Chemical') :: ['terlipressin']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['acute renal failure']

entities_list: @entity3485 :: ('MESH:D020896', 'Disease') :: ['hypovolemia']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['noradrenaline']

answer: @entity82 :: (MESH:D005355,Disease) :: ['cirrhosis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 8046 Background: In a previous Phase I study, @entity1037 ( @entity1037 ) was demonstrated to be a safe and effective agent for the prevention of delayed @entity391 in chemotherapy na  ve @entity5 @entity1 receiving @entity786 , @entity632 , and/or @entity900 . METHODS: Using the maximum tolerated dose of @entity1037 in the Phase I trial, a Phase II trial was performed for the prevention of @entity1209 in chemotherapy naive @entity1 . The regimen was 5mg/day of oral @entity1037 on the two days prior to chemotherapy, 10mg of @entity1037 on the day of chemotherapy, day 1, (added to intravenous granisetron, 10 mcg/kg, and @entity619 20 mg) and 10 mg/day on days 2-4 after chemotherapy (added to @entity619 , 8 mg p.o. BID, days 2,3, and 4 mg p.o. BID, day 4). Thirty @entity1 (median age 58.5 yrs, range 25-84; 23 females; ECOG PS 0,1) consented to the protocol and all were evaluable. RESULTS: Complete response (CR) (no @entity391 , no rescue) was 100% for the acute period (24 hours post chemotherapy) and 80% for the delayed period (days 2-5 post chemotherapy) in 10 @entity1 receiving highly emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC) ( @entity900 , >=  70 mg/m2). CR was also 100% for the acute period and 85% for the delayed period in 20 @entity1 receiving @entity7730 ( @entity7730 ) ( @entity632 , >=  50 mg/m2). @entity390 was well controlled in the @entity1 receiving HEC with no @entity1 having more than minimal @entity390 (<= 2 on scale of 0-10, M.D. Anderson Symptom Inventory, MDASI) in the acute or delayed periods. @entity390 was also well controlled in @entity1 receiving @entity7730 with minimal or no @entity390 in 85% of @entity1 in the acute period and 70% in the delayed period. There were no Grade 3 or 4 @entity137 and no significant @entity158 , @entity1295 , disturbed sleep, memory changes, @entity1353 , @entity1277 , drowsiness, @entity2133 , mood changes or @entity2146 experienced by the @entity1 . CR and control of @entity390 in subsequent cycles of chemotherapy (25 @entity1 , cycle 2; 25 @entity1 , cycle 3; 21 @entity1 , cycle 4) were equal to or greater than cycle 1. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1037 is safe and highly effective in controlling acute and delayed @entity1209 in @entity1 receiving HEC and @entity7730 . No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: A phase II trial of @entity1037 for the prevention of XXXX ( @entity1209 ).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity390 :: ('MESH:D009325', 'Disease') :: ['Nausea', 'nausea']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['dexamethasone']

entities_list: @entity1277 :: ('MESH:D001068', 'Disease') :: ['lack of appetite']

entities_list: @entity2146 :: ('MESH:D011595', 'Disease') :: ['restlessness']

entities_list: @entity7730 :: ('MESH:D064146', 'Disease') :: ['moderately emetogenic chemotherapy', 'MEC']

entities_list: @entity1037 :: ('MESH:C076029', 'Chemical') :: ['olanzapine', 'Zyprexa', 'Olanzapine']

answer: @entity1209 :: (MESH:D020250,Disease) :: ['chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting']


abstract: The @entity21664 @entity6122 isomerase (TNXI) is extremely thermostable and optimally active at 95 degrees C. Its derivative, TNXI @entity66962 ( @entity66962 ), is the most active type II @entity6122 isomerase reported, with a catalytic efficiency of 25.1 s(-1) mM(-1) toward @entity413 at 80 degrees C (pH 7.0). To further optimize TNXI's potential industrial utility, two rounds of random mutagenesis and low temperature/low pH activity screening were performed using the TNXI @entity66962 -encoding gene as the template. Two highly active mutants were obtained, 3A2 ( @entity66962 / @entity66963 ) and 1F1 ( @entity66962 / @entity66963 / @entity66964 ). 1F1 was more active than 3A2, which in turn was more active than TNXI @entity66962 at all temperatures and pH values tested. 3A2 and 1F1's high activities at low temperatures were due to significantly lower activation energies (57 and 44 kJ/mol, respectively) than that of TNXI and @entity66962 (87 kJ/mol). Mutation @entity66963 introduced a kink in helix alpha7 of 3A2's (alpha/beta)8 barrel. Surprisingly, this mutation kinetically destabilized 3A2 only at pH 5.5. 1F1 displayed kinetic stability slightly above that of TNXI @entity66962 . In 1F1, mutation @entity66964 creates a cavity that disrupts a four-residue network of aromatic interactions. How the conformation of the neighboring residues is affected by this cavity and how these conformational changes increase 1F1's stability still remain unclear.

title: Directed evolution of @entity21664 @entity6122 isomerase: high activity on XXXX at low temperature and low pH.

entities_list: @entity21664 :: ('2337', 'Species') :: ['Thermotoga neapolitana']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity413 :: (MESH:D005947,Chemical) :: ['glucose']


abstract: PURPOSE: To compare the efficacy and safety of bevacizumab versus ranibizumab when administered according to a treat-and-extend protocol for the treatment of neovascular @entity1020 ( @entity1020 ). DESIGN: Multicenter, randomized, noninferiority trial with a noninferiority limit of 5 letters. @entity1 : @entity1 aged >= 50 years with previously untreated neovascular @entity1020 in 1 eye and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) between 20/25 and 20/320. METHODS: @entity1 were randomly assigned to receive ranibizumab 0.5 mg or bevacizumab 1.25 mg intravitreal injections. Monthly injections were given until inactive disease was achieved. The @entity1 were then followed with a gradual extension of treatment interval by 2 weeks at a time up to a maximum of 12 weeks. If signs of recurrent disease appeared, the treatment interval was shortened by 2 weeks at a time. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Change in visual acuity at 1 year. RESULTS: Between March 2009 and July 2012, 441 @entity1 were randomized at 10 ophthalmological centers in Norway. The 1-year visit was completed by 371 @entity1 . In the per protocol analysis at 1 year, bevacizumab was equivalent to ranibizumab, with 7.9 and 8.2 mean letters gained, respectively (95% confidence interval [CI]  of mean difference,  -2.4 to 2.9; P  = 0.845). The intention-to-treat analysis was concordant. There was no significant difference in measured central retinal thickness (CRT), with a mean decrease of  -112  m for bevacizumab and  -120  m for ranibizumab (95% CI of mean difference,  -13 to 28; P  = 0.460). There was a statistically significant difference (P  = 0.001) between the drugs regarding the number of treatments: 8.9 for bevacizumab and 8.0 for ranibizumab. There were fewer arteriothrombotic events in the bevacizumab group (1.4%) than in the ranibizumab group (4.5%) (P  = 0.050) and significantly more @entity299 in the ranibizumab group (P  = 0.036). However, @entity1 treated with ranibizumab more often had a history of @entity583 (P  = 0.021). CONCLUSIONS: Bevacizumab and ranibizumab had equivalent effects on visual acuity at 1 year when administered according to a treat-and-extend protocol. The visual acuity results at 1 year were comparable to those of other clinical trials with monthly treatment. The numbers of serious adverse events were small.

title: Comparison of Ranibizumab and Bevacizumab for Neovascular Age-Related XXXX According to LUCAS Treat-and-Extend Protocol.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity1020 :: ('MESH:D008268', 'Disease') :: ['AMD', 'age-related macular degeneration']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac events']

answer: @entity1020 :: (MESH:D008268,Disease) :: ['Macular Degeneration']


abstract: It has been shown that @entity272 ( @entity272 ) grafts are rejected by an inbred strain of adult @entity1238 , which suggests a mechanism of metamorphosis by which larval cells are recognized and attacked by the newly differentiating immune system, including T lymphocytes. In an attempt to define the larval antigenic molecules that are targeted by the adult immune system, anti- @entity272 antibodies (IgY) were produced by immunizing adult frogs with syngeneic @entity272 grafts. The antigen molecules that reacted specifically with this anti- @entity272 antiserum were localized only in the larval epidermal cells. Of 53 and 59-60 kDa acidic proteins that were reactive with anti- @entity272 antibodies, a protein of 59 kDa and with an isoelectric point of 4.5 was selected for determination of a 19 @entity535 sequence (larval peptide). The rat antiserum raised against this peptide was specifically reactive with the 59 kDa molecules of @entity272 lysates. Immunofluorescence studies using these antisera revealed that the larval-specific molecules were localized in both the tail and trunk epidermis of premetamorphic larvae, but were reduced in the trunk regions during metamorphosis, and at the climax stage of metamorphosis were detected only in the regressing tail epidermis. Culture of splenocytes from @entity272 -immunized adult frogs in the presence of larval peptide induced augmented proliferative responses. Cultures of larval tail pieces in T cell-enriched splenocytes from normal frogs or in natural killer (NK)-cell-enriched splenocytes from early thymectomized frogs both resulted in significant destruction of tail pieces. Tissue destruction in the latter was enhanced when anti- @entity272 antiserum was added to the culture. These results indicate that degeneration of tail tissues during metamorphosis is induced by a mechanism such that the larval-specific antigen molecules expressed in the tail epidermis are recognized as foreign by the newly developing adult immune system, and destroyed by cytotoxic T lymphocytes and/or NK cells.

title: Larval antigen molecules recognized by adult immune cells of inbred XXXX : partial characterization and implication in metamorphosis.

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['LS', 'larval skin']

answer: @entity1238 :: (8355,Species) :: ['Xenopus laevis']


abstract: @entity8901 ( @entity8901 ) is characterized by @entity731 in large vessels and disturbances on the microcirculatory level. In the local regulation of vascular tone and microvascular perfusion, vascular endothelium plays a key role. For many years @entity5015 ( @entity5015 ) has been used for the treatment of @entity8901 . Because @entity5015 has only moderate effects on blood flow other mechanisms may be relevant for the therapeutical efficacy. The aim of our pilot study was to evaluate endothelial function in @entity1 with @entity8901 and to investigate the impact of @entity5015 on endothelial-dependent vasodilation in peripheral vesselsIn 8 controls and in 8 @entity1 with @entity8901 stage II, endothelial-dependent vascular responses of the femoral vessels to increasing doses of @entity934 (30,60,90 microg/min) were determined by Doppler flow velocity measurements in the common femoral artery. Furthermore, vascular reactivity was evaluated before and immediately after intravenous infusion of 30 microg @entity5015 /30 min in @entity1 . Endothelial-dependent vasodilation was significantly reduced in @entity1 with @entity8901 compared to control subjects. Infusion of @entity5015 neither increased blood flow in the common femoral artery nor endothelium-dependent vasodilation of peripheral resistance vessels as indicated by unchanged reaction to @entity934 . In conclusion, endothelial function is impaired in @entity1 with @entity8901 . Administration of @entity5015 did not increase femoral artery blood flow or improve endothelial-dependent reactivity of peripheral resistance vessels in @entity1 with @entity8901 . Therefore, beneficial effects of @entity5015 in @entity1095 cannot be attributed to an increase in blood supply or an improvement of endothelial-dependent vasodilation.

title: Endothelial function in XXXX with @entity1095 : influence of @entity5015 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1095 :: ('MESH:D016491', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral vascular disease']

entities_list: @entity5015 :: ('MESH:D000527', 'Chemical') :: ['PGE1', 'prostaglandin E1']

entities_list: @entity8901 :: ('MESH:C564658', 'Disease') :: ['PAOD', 'Peripheral arterial occlusive disease']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerotic lesions']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Insulin secretion from beta-cells is regulated by a complex signaling network. Our earlier study has reported that @entity5180 participates in @entity413 - and @entity268 -induced insulin secretion probably via maintaining a functional actin structure for recruitment of insulin granules. Type Ialpha @entity1076 5-kinase ( @entity55027 ) is a downstream effector of @entity5180 and a critical enzyme for synthesis of @entity1078 ( @entity1078 ). By using an RNA interference technique, @entity55027 in @entity4009 beta-cells could be specifically knocked down by 70-75%. @entity55027 knockdown disrupted filamentous actin structure and caused changes in cell morphology. In addition, @entity1078 content in the plasma membrane was reduced and the @entity413 effect on PIP(2) was abolished but without affecting @entity413 -induced formation of @entity671 . At basal conditions (2.8 mM @entity413 ), @entity55027 knockdown doubled insulin secretion, elevated @entity413 metabolic rate, depolarized resting membrane potential, and raised cytoplasmic free @entity141 levels ([ @entity141 ](i)). The total insulin release at high @entity413 was increased upon @entity55027 knockdown. However, the percent increment of insulin secretion by high @entity413 and @entity1928 over the basal release was significantly reduced, an effect more apparent on the late phase of insulin secretion. Metabolism and [ @entity141 ](i) rises at high @entity413 were also attenuated in cells after @entity55027 knockdown. In contrast, @entity55027 knockdown had no effect on cell growth and viability. Taken together, our data suggest that @entity55027 may play an important role in both the proximal and distal steps of signaling cascade for insulin secretion in beta-cells.

title: Role of type Ialpha @entity1076 5-kinase in insulin secretion, XXXX metabolism, and membrane potential in @entity4009 beta-cells.

entities_list: @entity671 :: ('MESH:D015544', 'Chemical') :: ['inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate']

entities_list: @entity1078 :: ('CHEBI:18348', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate', 'PIP(2)']

entities_list: @entity1076 :: ('MESH:C037178', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate']

entities_list: @entity1928 :: ('MESH:D005576', 'Chemical') :: ['forskolin']

answer: @entity413 :: (MESH:D005947,Chemical) :: ['glucose']


abstract: 1. Choroidal blood vessels, located between the sclera and retina, constitute the principle source of blood flow to ocular structures. The choroid is innervated by vasoconstrictor sympathetic and vasodilator parasympathetic nerves. 2. We have shown previously that sympathetic denervation for 6 weeks leads to significant increases in choroidal thickness, percentage of choroid occupied by vascular lumina, and numbers of choroidal venules, large arterioles and outer retinal capillaries. Sympathetic deafferentation produces similar increases, indicating that loss of sympathetic nerve activity is responsible for increased vascularity after sympathectomy. Thus, sympathetic neurotransmission normally may be important in suppressing vascular proliferation in the adult rodent eye. 3. The aim of the present study was to determine whether sympathetic nerves act by way of adrenergic receptors to maintain normal choroidal vascular integrity. 4. The alpha-adrenoceptor antagonist, @entity5521 (1 mg kg(-1) day(-1)), the beta-receptor antagonist, @entity1169 (1 mg kg(-1) day(-1)), or saline vehicle was infused for 3 weeks using subcutaneously implanted osmotic minipumps. 5. In @entity5521 treated @entity35 , no significant changes were noted relative to saline infused controls. However, @entity1169 treatment resulted in increases in choroidal thickness, vascular luminal area, and numbers of large choroidal venules and both small and large arterioles, approximating the remodelling seen after chronic sympathectomy. 6. We conclude that sympathetic nerves play a role in maintaining normal choroidal vascular architecture through actions mediated primarily by beta-adrenoceptors.

title: Role of adrenergic receptors in vascular remodelling of the XXXX choroid.

entities_list: @entity1169 :: ('MESH:D011433', 'Chemical') :: ['propranolol']

entities_list: @entity5521 :: ('MESH:D010646', 'Chemical') :: ['phentolamine']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To study the effect of timing of total enteral feeding on various nutritional parameters and neurological outcome in @entity1 with severe @entity131 ( @entity131 ). METHODS: One hundred and fourteen @entity1 , in the age group of 20-60 years, admitted within 24 h of @entity131 with Glasgow @entity772 Scale (GCS) 4-8 were enrolled for the study. Nineteen @entity1 who had expired before the attainment of total enteral feeding were excluded from the analysis. Total enteral feeding was attained before 3 days, 4-7 days, and after 7 days in 12, 52, and 31 @entity1 , respectively, depending on gastric tolerance. They were prospectively assessed for various markers of nutrition and outcome was assessed at 3 and 6 months. RESULTS: Prospective assessment of 67 hospitalized @entity1 at 3 weeks revealed significant differences in anthropometric measurements, total protein, albumin levels, clinical features of @entity3147 , and mortality among the three groups. 80% of those fed before 3 days had favorable outcome at 3 months compared to 43% among those fed later. The odds ratio (OR) was 5.29 (95% CI 1.03-27.03) and P value was 0.04. The difference between those fed before 3 days and 4-7 days was not significant at 6 months even though @entity1 fed before 7 days had still significantly higher favorable outcome compared to those fed after 7 days (OR 7.69, P = 0.002). Multivariate analysis for unfavorable outcome showed significance of P = 0.03 for feeding after 3 days and P = 0.01 for feeding after 7 days. CONCLUSIONS: In severe @entity131 , unfavorable outcome was significantly associated with attainment of total enteral feeding after 3 days and more so after 7 days following injury.

title: The prognostic significance of the timing of total enteral feeding in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3147 :: ('MESH:D044342', 'Disease') :: ['malnutrition']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['TBI', 'traumatic brain injury']

answer: @entity131 :: (MESH:D001930,Disease) :: ['traumatic brain injury']


abstract: @entity2359 is a significant complication of the use of @entity1140 . From April 1998 to December 2001, we identified 10 @entity1 (six @entity1 , four @entity1 ) who developed 11 episodes of @entity1140 -associated @entity75 ( @entity75 ) after allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation for haematological @entity5 . The diagnosis was made by characteristic clinical findings (mental status changes, @entity410 , @entity51 ) with the exclusion of other causes and characteristic imaging findings. The median age was 35.5 years (range 19-57 years). Seven @entity1 received a matched-unrelated donor transplant and three received a cord blood transplant. The overall incidence of @entity75 was 1.6%, while the incidence in matched-unrelated, mismatched-related and cord blood transplants was 3.5%, 4.9% and 7.1% respectively. Mental status changes, @entity73 , @entity410 and lethargy were the most common clinical findings. Eight of 10 @entity1 had characteristic findings of hyperintensity of the white matter on T2-weighted images and FLAIR (fluid-attenuated inversion recovery) sequence on magnetic resonance imaging of the brain. Serum @entity1140 levels were within the therapeutic range in most @entity1 . @entity1140 treatment was continued (n = 4) or temporarily withheld (n = 7) for 1-14 d. One @entity1 was changed to @entity205 . In most @entity1 , subsequent treatment with @entity1140 was well tolerated without recurrence of @entity2359 .

title: @entity1140 -associated XXXX after allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['PRES', 'posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancies']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive deficits']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deficits']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporine']

entities_list: @entity1140 :: ('MESH:D016559', 'Chemical') :: ['Tacrolimus', 'tacrolimus']

entities_list: @entity2359 :: ('MESH:D020258', 'Disease') :: ['neurotoxicity', 'Neurotoxicity']

answer: @entity75 :: (MESH:D001927,Disease) :: ['posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome']


abstract: AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To identify the types of self-management support that have been provided to @entity1 with transient @entity2142 and the evidence for the effectiveness of these programmes. BACKGROUND: Self-management is a key element for the effective management of chronic conditions. For @entity1 with transient @entity2142 , secondary @entity64 prevention is a recognised standard of care. Best practice guidelines indicate that @entity1 who have experienced transient @entity2142 should be supported to develop self-management skills. However, it is not clear how best to support the development of these skills. DESIGN: An integrative literature review was conducted. METHODS: A search was conducted using Medline, Embase, HealthSTAR, CINAHL and PsycINFO. Published quantitative and qualitative studies, abstracts or dissertations describing the provision, experience or outcomes of self-management interventions for @entity1 with transient @entity2142 , and published in English before March 2016, were included. Articles were selected and rated separately by two reviewers. The American Academy for @entity306 and Developmental Medicine Level of Evidence and Conduct Rating tools were used for rating. Interventions were described and compared, and evidence was presented using the traffic lighting system. RESULTS: Sixteen interventions representing a variety of group- and individual-based interventions were identified. Interventions differed in target population, content, structure, duration and outcomes. Only four interventions were specifically designed for @entity1 with transient @entity2142 . While evidence to support self-management interventions is promising, there is limited evidence to support any one intervention. However, one good-quality randomised controlled trial supports the provision of a group self-management programme for improving blood pressure control. CONCLUSIONS: There are numerous interventions to support self-management by @entity1 with transient @entity2142 . More research is needed to determine which approaches are most effective. Given the limited evidence to support any one program for @entity1 with @entity4905 , clinicians and programs that provide self-management support should evaluate and monitor outcomes to ensure client needs are being met.

title: An integrative literature review to examine the provision of self-management support following transient XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['people', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity2142 :: ('MESH:D006461', 'Disease') :: ['ischaemic attack']

entities_list: @entity306 :: ('MESH:D002547', 'Disease') :: ['Cerebral Palsy']

answer: @entity2142 :: (MESH:D006461,Disease) :: ['ischaemic attack']


abstract: CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: @entity3580 is a rare @entity5 with a high risk of locoregional recurrences. The aim of this study was analyze the long-term results from treating this pathological condition. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cohort study in a single hospital in S  o Paulo, Brazil. METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study on 42 @entity1 with @entity3580 who were treated at Hospital A. C. Camargo between 1980 and 2006. The hospital records were reviewed and a descriptive analysis was performed on the clinical-pathological variables. Survival curves were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and these were compared using the log-rank test. RESULTS: Nineteen @entity1 were @entity1 and 23 were @entity1 . Twenty-five @entity5 (59.5%) were located in the sacrum, eleven (26.2%) in the skull base and six (14.3%) in the mobile spine. Surgery was performed on 28 @entity1 (66.7%). The resection was considered to have negative margins in 14 cases and positive margins in 14 cases. The five-year @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) was 45.4%. For surgical @entity1 , the five-year @entity1349 was 64.3% (82.2% for negative margins and 51.9% for positive margins). In the inoperable group, @entity1349 was 37.7% at 24 months and 0% at five years. CONCLUSION: Complete resection is related to local control and definitively has a positive impact on long-term survival.

title: Natural history and surgical treatment of XXXX : a retrospective cohort study.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity3580 :: ('MESH:D002817', 'Disease') :: ['chordoma', 'Chordoma']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity3580 :: (MESH:D002817,Disease) :: ['chordoma']


abstract: Anterior resection for @entity5 carries the risk of serious complications, especially @entity292 at the site of @entity254 . Numerous factors have been shown to impact @entity834 . The results of studies on the influence of @entity28 on the frequency of @entity834 after rectal resection performed due to @entity5 have been contradictory. The aim of the study was to evaluate the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and frequency of @entity834 after anterior rectal resection performed due to @entity5 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: This retrospective analysis included 222 subsequent @entity1 who had undergone anterior resection due to @entity5 with an @entity254 formed with a mechanical suture. The @entity1 were divided into 3 groups depending on their BMI quartile as follows: Group I, BMI < 23.8 kg/m2 (lower quartile); group II, BMI between 23.8 and 29.38 kg/m2 (middle quartile); and group III, BMI > 29.38 kg/m2 (upper quartile). RESULTS: @entity834 occurred in 8 (3.6%) @entity1 . @entity292 occurred in 4 out of 61 @entity1 (6.56%) in group I, which was the highest incidence of @entity292 for all 3 groups. In group II, @entity292 occurred in 2 out of 55 @entity1 (3.63%), and similarly, in group III, they occurred in 2 out of 106 @entity1 (1.87%). The differences found in the frequency of @entity292 between groups were not statistically significant (p=0.31). The logistic regression analysis did not show any relationship between leakage and age (p = 0.55; OR = 1.02; 95% CI: 0.95 - 1.1), sex (p = 0.97; OR = 0.97; 95% CI: 0.22 - 4.25) or BMI (p = 0.27; OR = 0.58; 95% CI: 0.22 - 1.53). CONCLUSIONS: The results of our study show that BMI did not have any influence on the frequency of @entity834 after anterior rectal resection performed due to @entity5 .

title: Influence of Obesity on XXXX After Anterior Rectal Resectionperformed Due to @entity5 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity834 :: ('MESH:D057868', 'Disease') :: ['Anastomotic leakage', 'anastomotic leakage']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'rectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity292 :: ('MESH:D005402', 'Disease') :: ['fistulas', 'Fistulas']

answer: @entity834 :: (MESH:D057868,Disease) :: ['Anastomotic Leakage']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The potential impact of multiple @entity989 with regard to age and various risk factors has not been studied extensively. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In a  retrospective, multicenter study, @entity49 data of 128 @entity1 <65  years of age with @entity732 and 110 healthy subjects were evaluated. The main measure outcome was the prevalence of multiple @entity74 . RESULTS: Multiple @entity154 were significantly more prevalent among @entity732 @entity1 (18.0%) than among controls (1.8%; P  < 0.0001). We identified factor @entity797 elevation, elevated lipoprotein(a) plasma levels and resistance to activated protein  C as the most prevalent @entity74 . @entity8258 and prothrombin mutation @entity34609 were found to be isolated thrombophilic risk factors. Multiple @entity154 were significantly associated with @entity732 recurrence (P  = 0.008). CONCLUSION: Multiple @entity74 are associated with the development of @entity732 among @entity1 younger than 65  years of age. Moreover, our results suggest that @entity1 with @entity732 associated with underlying combined @entity154 are at increased risk for @entity732 recurrence. Further studies are required to analyze whether the diagnosis of combined @entity154 among @entity732 @entity1 could be a  predictor for @entity732 recurrence.

title: [Multiple thrombophilic risk markers in XXXX    65  years of age with retinal vein occlusion].

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['thrombophilic defects']

entities_list: @entity49 :: ('MESH:D019851', 'Disease') :: ['thrombophilia']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['combined disorders', 'thrombophilic disorders']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['thrombophilic defects on retinal venous occlusive (RVO) diseases']

entities_list: @entity8258 :: ('MESH:D005175', 'Disease') :: ['Factor  XII deficiency']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Disability pensions due to @entity272 in Swedish male construction workers were studied by linking data from pension registers and an occupational health service. Incidence rates of disability pensions for cement workers, painters and plumbers were compared with 2 control groups. A total of 623 disability pensions were granted during 4 decades of follow-up. The main diagnoses were @entity484 (36%) and @entity1569 (49%). Pensions were mostly granted in the age range 55-64 years. Among painters, cement workers and plumbers the incidence rates for disability pensions were 33.3, 24.5 and 20.4 cases/100,000 @entity1 -years, respectively, compared with 13.7 and 9.2 cases/100,000 @entity1 -years in control groups. Relative risks were highest for @entity484 , and were notable for @entity1569 . Attributable fractions for @entity484 were 90% in cement workers and painters and 75% in plumbers compared with control groups. Attributable fractions for @entity1569 in the occupational groups studied were in the range 54-67%. In conclusion, @entity484 and @entity1569 have a high impact on loss of work ability, as reflected by disability pensions.

title: Disability Pensions due to XXXX : A Cohort Study in Swedish Construction Workers.

entities_list: @entity1569 :: ('MESH:D011565', 'Disease') :: ['psoriasis']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin diseases']

answer: @entity272 :: (MESH:D012871,Disease) :: ['Skin Diseases']


abstract: AIM: The lysosomal enzyme in the anterior chamber has a crucial role in the digestion of the insoluble materials in the @entity7462 ( @entity7462 ). The dysfunction of @entity7462 filtration in the trabecular meshwork (TM) causes increasing @entity7462 outflow resistance in the TM. Those insoluble objects, including phospholipids, should be digested in the TM for normal outflow. The present study was conducted to explore the involvement of @entity67505 ( @entity67505 ), a phospholipid-degrading enzyme, of the @entity7462 in @entity726 using clinical @entity7462 specimens. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred and twenty-five @entity7462 specimens were collected from @entity1 . The measurement of @entity67505 activity in the @entity7462 was carried out using liposomes consisting of @entity3634 and @entity20283 ( @entity144 ). The correlation between the @entity67505 activity in the @entity2194 was investigated. RESULTS: The @entity1 @entity7462 showed both transacylation of @entity144 and the release of @entity1718 under acidic conditions but not at a neutral pH, which is consistent with the known properties of @entity67505 . The @entity67505 activity in the @entity7462 was not affected by age or @entity262 . A comparison between ocular diseases showed that the @entity7462 specimens obtained from @entity1 with @entity726 had significantly higher @entity67505 activity than the other ocular disease groups. DISCUSSION: The present findings suggest that the ascended level of @entity67505 activity in the @entity7462 of @entity726 @entity1 is associated with the development of @entity726 .

title: Augmentation of XXXX Activity in the Anterior Chamber in @entity726 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'human']

entities_list: @entity2194 :: ('MESH:D005128', 'Disease') :: ['AH and ocular diseases']

entities_list: @entity20283 :: ('MESH:C064769', 'Chemical') :: ['N-acetylsphingosine']

entities_list: @entity67505 :: ('23659', 'Gene') :: ['lysosomal phospholipase A2', 'LPLA2']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity262 :: ('MESH:D034721', 'Disease') :: ['systemic disease']

entities_list: @entity7462 :: ('MESH:C562390', 'Disease') :: ['aqueous humor', 'AH']

entities_list: @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity3634 :: ('MESH:D010715', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphatidylglycerol']

answer: @entity67505 :: (23659,Gene) :: ['Lysosomal Phospholipase A2']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 with @entity120 (PH) have been reported to suffer from poor @entity25 , however, if this is related to physical exercise performance has not yet been thoroughly investigated. METHODS: Clinically stable out- @entity1 with @entity8577 ( @entity8577 , n   =   52) and chronic @entity1031 PH (CTEPH, n   =   64) in NYHA classes II and III were prospectively enrolled. 54 healthy volunteers matched for anthropometric variables served as a control group. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to rate subjective @entity25 . In the PH @entity1 , six-minute walk tests (6MWT) were performed to assess exercise capacity. RESULTS: Poor @entity25 (i.e. a PSQI score   >   5) occurred more frequently in PH ( @entity8577 : n   =   25 [48.1%], CTEPH: n   =   39 [60.9%], controls: n   =   10 [18.5%]; p   <   0.01 when compared to controls). In addition, poor vs. @entity25 had significantly higher average NYHA class ( @entity8577 : 2.6        0.1 vs. 2.3        0.1, CTEPH: 2.8        0.1 vs. 2.3        0.2; p   <   0.01) and shorter 6MWT distances ( @entity8577 : 338        23 vs. 441        29  m, CTEPH: 355        15 vs. 413        26  m; p   <   0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Self-reported poor @entity25 is more common in PH than in healthy controls. Furthermore, it is related to reduced physical exercise capacity.

title: Poor @entity25 is associated with exercise limitation in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity120 :: ('MESH:D006976', 'Disease') :: ['precapillary pulmonary hypertension']

entities_list: @entity8577 :: ('MESH:D065627', 'Disease') :: ['IPAH', 'idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['thromboembolic']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['sleep quality', 'good sleepers']

answer: @entity120 :: (MESH:D006976,Disease) :: ['precapillary pulmonary hypertension']


abstract: The authors evaluated, in a community-based open-label trial, the effectiveness and safety of @entity4687 in 13,220 US @entity101 @entity1 and studied how physicians adhere to @entity101 treatment guidelines. @entity1 received @entity4687 4 mg q.d. for 6 weeks. Based on physicians perception of blood pressure response, the @entity1 was either maintained on 4 mg or the dose was increased to 8 mg for an additional 6 weeks. From baseline to week 12, the mean sitting blood pressure significantly declined from 156.9/94.5 mm Hg to 139.2/84.0 mm Hg. Further dose titration resulted in a clinically significant reduction in blood pressure in all @entity1 with inadequate response on 4 mg at week 6. Blood pressure control (<140/<90 mm Hg) was achieved at 12 weeks in 48.8% @entity1 . The subpopulation analyses demonstrated that @entity4687 monotherapy was effective in both @entity1 and @entity1 , in @entity1 of all ethnicities, and in @entity1 <65 and > or =65 years of age. @entity4687 was safe and well tolerated in all @entity101 subgroups including high-risk @entity1 . Physicians were more attuned to controlling diastolic than systolic blood pressure, and their adherence to the treatment guidelines was found to be not optimal.

title: Antihypertensive utility of XXXX in a large, general practice-based clinical trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity4687 :: ('MESH:D020913', 'Chemical') :: ['perindopril', 'Perindopril']

answer: @entity4687 :: (MESH:D020913,Chemical) :: ['perindopril']


abstract: Pneumothorax (PTX) is rarely reported in @entity1 receiving hyperbaric @entity26 (HBO2) therapy. @entity1 with air-trapping lesions in the lungs and those with a history of spontaneous PTX, @entity358 , mechanical ventilation or @entity764 are at an increased risk for PTX during HBO2 therapy. A 28-year-old @entity3930 was referred to our center for multiple wounds 21 days after being rescued from the debris. He had been intubated and put on mechanical ventilation for three days because of @entity649 ( @entity649 ). At initial presentation, he was conscious, well-oriented and hemodynamically stable. The initial six HBO2 treatments were uneventful. On the seventh HBO2 treatment, the @entity1 lost consciousness and developed @entity1167 near the end of decompression. The HBO2 specialist accompanying the @entity1 inside the chamber immediately initiated CPR. A diagnosis of @entity2701 PTX was made. After the @entity1 was removed from the chamber, a chest tube was inserted, which improved the symptoms. Although rare, @entity2701 PTX can occur during HBO2 therapy. Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial for saving a @entity1 's life. Increased vigilance is required during treatment of @entity1 with risk factors for PTX.

title: A case of @entity2701 pneumothorax during hyperbaric @entity26 therapy in an earthquake survivor with crush injury complicated by @entity649 ( XXXX ).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3930 :: ('MESH:D005834', 'Disease') :: ['male earthquake survivor']

entities_list: @entity649 :: ('MESH:D012128', 'Disease') :: ['ARDS', 'adult respiratory distress syndrome']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['lung disease']

entities_list: @entity764 :: ('MESH:D013898', 'Disease') :: ['chest trauma']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiopulmonary arrest']

answer: @entity649 :: (MESH:D012128,Disease) :: ['adult respiratory distress syndrome']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We compared the indication of laparoscopy for treatment of @entity4134 based on the risk scores and @entity5 diameters with the indication based on gynecology-oncologists' experience. METHODS: This was a prospective study of 174 @entity1 who underwent surgery for @entity5 (116 laparotomies, 58 laparoscopies). The surgeries begun and completed by laparoscopy, with benign pathologic diagnosis, were considered successful. Laparoscopic surgeries that required conversion to laparotomy, led to a malignant diagnosis, or facilitated cyst @entity397 were considered failures. Two groups were defined for laparoscopy indication: (1) absence of American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology (ACOG) guideline for referral of high-risk @entity4134 criteria (ACOG negative) associated with 3 different @entity5 sizes (10, 12, and 14 cm); and (2) Index of Risk of Malignancy (IRM) with cutoffs at 100, 200, and 300, associated with the same 3 @entity5 sizes. Both groups were compared with the indication based on the surgeon's experience to verify whether the selection based on strict rules would improve the rate of successful laparoscopy. RESULTS: ACOG-negative and @entity5  <=10 cm and IRM with a cutoff at 300 points and @entity5  <=10cm resulted in the same best performance (78% success = 38/49 laparoscopies). However, compared with the results of the gynecology-oncologists' experience, those were not statistically significant. DISCUSSION: The selection of @entity1 with @entity4134 to laparoscopy by the use of the ACOG guideline or IRM associated with @entity5 diameter had similar performance as the experience of gynecology-oncologists. Both methods are reproducible and easy to apply to all @entity1 with @entity4134 and could be used by general gynecologists to select @entity1 for laparoscopic surgery; however, referral to a gynecology-oncologist is advisable when there is any doubt.

title: Strict criteria for selection of laparoscopy for @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'adnexal tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4134 :: ('MESH:D000292', 'Disease') :: ['adnexal masses', 'adnexal mass']

answer: @entity4134 :: (MESH:D000292,Disease) :: ['adnexal mass']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine whether @entity1 with @entity613 associated with @entity2649 would prefer a treatment that makes it possible for them to walk farther or walk with @entity158 ; to examine associations between this treatment preference and @entity1 -reported and in-clinic treadmill testing measures of walking ability and walking-associated @entity158 . METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 269 @entity1 with @entity613 were asked to report their @entity158 intensity when walking, complete the Swiss Spinal Stenosis Questionnaire, rank their outcome preferences for treatment, and undergo standardized treadmill testing, including measures of final @entity158 rating and time to first @entity158 of moderate intensity (Tfirst). Descriptive statistics were used to characterize @entity1 preferences for treatment outcome. Associations between self-report questionnaires and standardized treadmill testing outcomes were evaluated using Spearman correlations. RESULTS: Seventy-nine percent of @entity1 expressed a preference for treatment that allowed them to walk with @entity158 . Preference for reduced @entity158 was associated with @entity158 during daily walking, along with a shorter Tfirst and higher final @entity158 severity on treadmill testing. In contrast, @entity1 preference for treatment outcome was not associated with self-reported measures of daily walking capacity or walking distance on the treadmill. CONCLUSIONS: A majority of @entity1 with @entity613 prioritized walking with reduced @entity158 over walking farther. Reduction in @entity158 while walking may therefore constitute a sufficient @entity1 -focused treatment outcome for the majority of these @entity1 . These results have implications for clinical trial design and assessment of treatment efficacy in @entity613 .

title: Evaluation of outcome measures for XXXX : A @entity1 -centered approach.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity613 :: ('MESH:D007383', 'Disease') :: ['neurogenic claudication']

entities_list: @entity2649 :: ('MESH:C563613', 'Disease') :: ['lumbar spinal stenosis']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['less pain', 'higher pain', 'pain']

answer: @entity613 :: (MESH:D007383,Disease) :: ['neurogenic claudication']


abstract: Sinopulmonary and @entity13296 has been increasingly found in @entity1 with @entity1583 and bone marrow transplantation, but @entity13296 remains very rare in the literature. We investigated an outbreak of @entity281 due to Rhizopus microsporus in 12 @entity1 on treatment for @entity1583 over a period of 6 months in a teaching hospital. The intake of @entity208 during hospitalization (P < 0.001) and that of commercially packaged ready-to-eat food items in the preceding 2 weeks (P < 0.001) were found to be independently significant risk factors for the development of @entity13296 . A total of 709 specimens, including 378 environmental and air samples, 181 food samples, and 150 drug samples, were taken for fungal culture. Among them, 16 samples of @entity208 tablets, 3 prepackaged ready-to-eat food items, and 1 pair of wooden chopsticks were positive for Rhizopus microsporus, which was confirmed by ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 rRNA gene cluster (internal transcribed spacer [ITS]) sequencing. The mean viable fungal counts of @entity208 obtained from wards and pharmacy were 4.22 x 10(3) CFU/g of tablet (range, 3.07 x 10(3) to 5.48 x 10(3)) and 3.24 x 10(3) CFU/g of tablet (range, 2.68 x 10(3) to 3.72 x 10(3)), respectively, which were much higher than the mean count of 2 x 10(2) CFU/g of food. Phylogenetic analysis by ITS sequencing showed multiple clones from isolates of contaminated @entity208 tablets and ready-to-eat food, of which some were identical to @entity1 ' isolates, and with one isolate in the cornstarch used as an excipient for manufacture of this drug. We attempted to type the isolates by random amplification of polymorphic DNA analysis, with limited evidence of clonal distribution. The primary source of the contaminating fungus was likely to be the cornstarch used in the manufacturing of @entity208 tablets or ready-to-eat food. Rhizopus microsporus is thermotolerant and can multiply even at 50 degrees C. The long holding time of the intermediates during the manufacturing process of @entity208 amplified the fungal load. Microbiological monitoring of drugs manufactured for highly immunosuppressed @entity1 should be considered.

title: Outbreak of XXXX due to Rhizopus microsporus.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity13296 :: ('MESH:D020096', 'Disease') :: ['rhinocerebral zygomycosis', 'intestinal zygomycosis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal infection']

entities_list: @entity1583 :: ('MESH:D019337', 'Disease') :: ['hematological malignancies']

entities_list: @entity208 :: ('MESH:D000493', 'Chemical') :: ['allopurinol']

answer: @entity281 :: (MESH:D007239,Disease) :: ['intestinal infection']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Lung transplantation (LTx) remains the definitive treatment for end-stage lung failure, whereas @entity1030 ( @entity1030 ) represents one of the main diagnoses leading to the indication for a transplant. We sought to assess long-term outcomes after LTx in @entity1 diagnosed with @entity1030 and analyze factors influencing outcome in this frequent @entity1 cohort. METHODS: Between January 2007 and November 2013, a total of 88 LTx were performed in @entity1 with @entity1030 in our institution. @entity1 with @entity2415 associated with alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency were excluded from this observation. The study design was a retrospective review of the prospectively collected data. A large number of pre-, intra-, and postoperative variables were analyzed including long-term survival and freedom from @entity4154 ( @entity4154 ). Furthermore, impact of different variables on survival was analyzed. RESULTS: Preoperative donor data indicated a large proportion of marginal donors. While the overall cumulative survival after six yr was 57.4%, the results in terms of @entity4154 -free survival in long-term follow-up were 39.7% after six yr. @entity1 with @entity1030 were also associated with a low incidence (2.3%) of the need for postoperative extracorporeal life support (ECLS). CONCLUSIONS: Long-term results after LTx in @entity1 with @entity1030 are acceptable with excellent survival, freedom from @entity4154 , and low use of ECLS postoperatively despite permanently increasing proportion of marginal organs used.

title: Lung transplantation in XXXX : long-term survival, freedom from @entity4154 , and factors influencing outcome.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4154 :: ('MESH:D001989', 'Disease') :: ['BOS', 'bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome']

entities_list: @entity2415 :: ('MESH:D004646', 'Disease') :: ['emphysema']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease', 'COPD']

answer: @entity1030 :: (MESH:D029424,Disease) :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease']


abstract: OPINION STATEMENT: Polypectomy reduces the incidence and mortality of @entity14 ( @entity14 ). The widespread adoption of @entity14 screening, more rigorous colonoscopy techniques, and advancements in endoscopic imaging have led to a greater awareness of complex @entity1127 . Whereas surgery was once considered necessary for many large sessile or laterally spreading lesions (LSLs) in the colorectum, the majority can now be removed endoscopically. Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) is an established technique for treatment of colorectal LSLs. When performed by experts, EMR is highly effective and safe and can be completed in an outpatient or day-stay setting. Advancements in EMR effectiveness encompass a better understanding of the factors leading to post-EMR recurrence, protocols to recognize and treat it, and interventions that prevent recurrent or residual @entity652 . New techniques for treating @entity548 and a novel classification system to identify and inform proactive management of deep @entity130 enhance the safety profile of EMR. However, each of these incremental advancements necessitates a meticulous and systematic approach that only committed and properly trained endoscopists can master. While alternative interventions such as @entity5848 ( @entity5848 ) offer potential advantages over EMR, the added procedural complexity, risks, and costs limit the relevance of @entity5848 to a minority of lesions in the colorectum. This article reviews the expanding body of evidence supporting EMR as the first-line treatment of colorectal LSLs >= 20  mm.

title: Optimizing Resection of Large XXXX .

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['intra-procedural bleeding']

entities_list: @entity5848 :: ('MESH:D000784', 'Disease') :: ['ESD', 'endoscopic submucosal dissection']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['CRC', 'colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['mural injury']

answer: @entity1127 :: (MESH:D011127,Disease) :: ['Colorectal Polyps']


abstract: PURPOSE: To describe an unusual case of idiopathic @entity4816 , @entity439 , and @entity2479 associated with a positive perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody test. METHODS: This is an interventional case report. A 22-year-old @entity1 with @entity227 underwent ophthalmoscopic, angiographic, and laboratory evaluation. The left eye underwent laser therapy due to circinate @entity989 and more severe involvement. RESULTS: Extensive systemic workup was negative. The only positive laboratory test was a positive perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (1/40 dilution) detected by indirect immunofluorescence and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (positive for antimyeloperoxidase antibody). The @entity1 was observed for 2 years. The disorder remained limited to the eyes, and further systemic workup was unrevealing; perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody titer remained positive. Vision remained stable in the treated eye and was slightly reduced in the untreated eye. CONCLUSION: Idiopathic @entity4816 , @entity439 , and @entity2479 may be suggestive of a retinal form of perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated @entity1333 .

title: Idiopathic @entity4816 , XXXX , and @entity4816 associated with positive perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (p-anca).

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['decreased vision']

entities_list: @entity2479 :: ('MESH:D012173', 'Disease') :: ['neuroretinitis syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1333 :: ('MESH:D014657', 'Disease') :: ['vasculitis']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['retinopathy']

entities_list: @entity4816 :: ('MESH:D031300', 'Disease') :: ['retinal vasculitis']

answer: @entity439 :: (MESH:D000783,Disease) :: ['aneurysms']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Test the efficacy of liposomal @entity136 (GemLip) on primary @entity5 and metastases using the @entity788 cell line AsPC1 implanted orthotopically into @entity19 . METHODS: The efficacy of @entity136 and GemLip cells was tested on luciferase-transduced @entity1 cells in vitro as well as implanted orthotopically into the pancreata of @entity19 . RESULTS: In vitro, the IC50s for GemLip and @entity136 were 20 nM and 140 nM, respectively. However, when applied against @entity5 , GemLip (8 mg/kg) blocked @entity5 growth for 5 consecutive weeks according to bioluminescence measurements in vivo. @entity136 (240 mg/kg) had no effect on luciferase-monitored @entity5 growth. When analyzed at the time of necropsy, GemLip strongly reduced @entity5 size (-64% +/- [SD] 27%; ***P < 0.0001), whereas @entity136 only weakly (-36% +/- 37%) affected @entity5 size. Empty liposomes had no effect on the @entity5 size. GemLip and empty liposomes both significantly interfered with the metastatic spread to the liver, as measured using luciferase assays (GemLip, *P = 0.01; empty liposomes, *P = 0.036). In addition, they showed effects against spleen, as well as peritoneal metastases. CONCLUSIONS: GemLip presents an effective new formulation of @entity136 , combining the targeting and protective features of the liposomes with their antimetastatic effects to target @entity788 .

title: Antimetastatic effects of liposomal @entity136 and empty liposomes in an orthotopic @entity19 model of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer', 'pancreatic tumor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['established tumors', 'tumor']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['Gemcitabine', 'gemcitabine']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatic cancer']


abstract: A significant number of the cholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain of the primate, but not the rodent brain contain the @entity460 binding protein calbindin-D28k (CB). Previous experiments in our laboratory have demonstrated a substantial age-related loss of CB from the @entity1 basal forebrain cholinergic neurons (BFCN). The present study investigated the possible age-related loss of CB from the BFCN in a non- @entity1 primate species, the @entity7533 ( @entity7533 ). Quantitative analysis of matching sections as well as unbiased stereological determination of neuronal number were used in 16 adult marmosets ranging in age between 2 and 15 years. No significant changes were observed in the number of @entity1877 acetyltransferase-positive BFCN when a group of young animals (< or =4 years) was compared with a 6-8-year-old group and a 9-15-year-old group. Similarly, no age-related changes were observed in Nissl-stained magnocellular basal forebrain (putatively cholinergic) neurons. In contrast, the BFCN of the two older groups of animals displayed a significant loss of CB. The age-related loss of CB occurred in all sectors of the BFCN, but was greatest in the anterior sector of this cell group. The CB loss was neurochemically specific since the BFCN in the older groups of animals continued to express other markers such as high and low affinity neurotrophin receptors. The age-related loss of CB from the marmoset BFCN was also regionally selective as CB positive neurons in other structures, such as the cerebral cortex and the striatum displayed no apparent age-related changes. These results indicate that the marmoset BFCN display a significant and selective age-related loss of CB reminiscent of that observed in the @entity1 . Therefore, the @entity7533 represents an appropriate animal model in which the consequences of BFCN CB loss can be investigated in depth. Loss of CB from the aged BFCN is likely to reduce the capacity of these neurons to buffer intracellular @entity460 and to leave them vulnerable to insults which can result in increased @entity460 levels. The vulnerability of the CB-negative BFCN in the aged marmoset to various insults which disturb @entity460 homeostasis remains to be investigated.

title: Selective age-related loss of calbindin-D28k from basal forebrain cholinergic neurons in the @entity7533 ( XXXX ).

entities_list: @entity7533 :: ('9483', 'Species') :: ['Callithrix jacchus', 'common marmoset']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

answer: @entity7533 :: (9483,Species) :: ['Callithrix jacchus']


abstract: Two series of 120 h mixed cultures of @entity26044 MITJ-10 and @entity9206 Hansen 1748 were grown in semisolid @entity2829 -based media, applying an orthogonal factorial design in order to establish the most adequate parameters to get compounds related to butter-like flavor. Conditions of @entity2829 pre-treatment established in the first series were hot lime-treatment for 20 min, grinding and sieving to 0.0165 in., partial defatting and cooking for 25 min. While the culture conditions established for the second series were the addition of @entity375 extract (0.2% w/w), and culture starting with 2x10(6) CFU g(-1) and a ratio of @entity26044 and @entity9206 , 3:1. The fermentation profile was studied in a last culture. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) prevailed over the native microorganisms, with a specific growth rate of 0.47 h(-1). @entity12741 production correlated (r2=0.9972) with the 12 h exponential growth phase of LAB. The concentration of @entity12741 at that time was 779.56 mg kg(-1). The contents of @entity880 and volatile @entity1718 were low at 12 h, 665 and 1312 mg kg(-1), respectively. During the long stationary phase, they increased up to 4800 and 1886 mg kg(-1), respectively. This procedure might be useful to prepare naturally aromatized raw materials for the food industry.

title: Effect of culture conditions on production of butter flavor compounds by XXXX and @entity9206 in semisolid @entity2829 -based cultures.

entities_list: @entity12741 :: ('MESH:D003931', 'Chemical') :: ['Diacetyl', 'diacetyl']

entities_list: @entity26044 :: ('1255', 'Species') :: ['P. pentosaceus', 'Pediococcus pentosaceus']

entities_list: @entity9206 :: ('1579', 'Species') :: ['Lactobacillus acidophilus', 'L. acidophilus']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactic acid']

entities_list: @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acids']

answer: @entity26044 :: (1255,Species) :: ['Pediococcus pentosaceus']


abstract: Asian H5N1 (hereafter referred to as panzootic H5N1) highly pathogenic @entity1323 has caused large numbers of @entity204 in both poultry and wild-bird populations. Recent isolates of this virus have been reported to cause disease and @entity204 in commercial @entity4186 , which has not been seen with other HPAI viruses. However, little is known about either the dissemination of this H5N1 within the organs or the cause of @entity204 in infected @entity4186 . Nineteen 4-week-old @entity4186 were infected with 10(6.7) median egg infectious doses of HPAI A/ @entity233 / @entity233 /1/05 (H5N1, clade 2.2) in 0.1ml via the intranasal and intraocular routes. Cloacal and oropharyngeal swabs were taken daily before three animals were selected randomly and killed humanely for postmortem examination, when samples of tissues were taken for real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, histopathological examination and immunohistochemistry. Clinical signs were first observed 4 days post infection (d.p.i.) and included @entity308 , reluctance to feed, in-coordination and torticollis resulting in the @entity204 of all the birds remaining on 5d.p.i. Higher levels of virus shedding were detected from oropharyngeal swabs than from cloacal swabs. Real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry identified peak levels of virus at 2d.p.i. in several organs. In the spleen, lung, kidney, caecal tonsils, breast muscle and thigh muscle the levels were greatly reduced at 3d.p.i. However, the highest viral loads were detected in the heart and brain from 3d.p.i. and coincided with the appearance of clinical signs and @entity204 . Our experimental results demonstrate the systemic spread of this HPAI H5N1 virus in @entity4186 , and the localization of virus in the brain and heart tissue preceding @entity204 .

title: Pathogenesis of highly pathogenic avian influenza A/ @entity233 / @entity233 /1/2005 H5N1 in XXXX ( @entity4186 ) infected experimentally.

entities_list: @entity4186 :: ('8839', 'Species') :: ['ducks', 'Pekin ducks']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity1323 :: ('MESH:D005585', 'Disease') :: ['avian influenza (HPAI) virus']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['death', 'deaths']

answer: @entity4186 :: (8839,Species) :: ['Pekin ducks']


abstract: @entity859 and @entity855 , via their specific @entity10298 receptors, modulate a wide variety of cellular and tissue functions, playing a neuroprotective or neurodegenerative role in @entity75 conditions. Although, in general, @entity859 inhibits excitability and @entity855 functions as an excitatory transmitter in the central nervous system, recent data suggest the existence of a heterodimerization and a functional interaction between @entity10298 receptors in the brain. In particular, interactions of @entity859 A1 and @entity863 receptors may play important roles in the purinergic signalling cascade. In the present work, we investigated the subcellular localization/co-localization of the receptors and their functional cross-talk at the membrane level in @entity35 @entity35 hippocampus. This is a particularly vulnerable brain area, which is sensitive to @entity859 - and @entity855 -mediated control of glutamatergic transmission. The postembedding immunogold electron microscopy technique showed that the two receptors are co-localized at the synaptic membranes and surrounding astroglial membranes of glutamatergic synapses. To investigate the functional cross-talk between the two types of purinergic receptors, we evaluated the reciprocal effects of their activation on their G protein coupling. @entity863 receptor stimulation impaired the potency of A1 receptor coupling to G protein, whereas the stimulation of A1 receptors increased the functional responsiveness of @entity863 receptors. The results demonstrated an A1- @entity863 receptor co-localization at glutamatergic synapses and surrounding astrocytes and a functional interaction between these receptors in hippocampus, suggesting @entity855 and @entity859 can interact in purine-mediated signalling. This may be particularly important during pathological conditions, when large amounts of these mediators are released.

title: Co-localization and functional cross-talk between A1 and @entity863 purine receptors in XXXX hippocampus.

entities_list: @entity859 :: ('MESH:D000241', 'Chemical') :: ['Adenosine', 'adenosine']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain damage']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In this study, we sought to identify differentially expressed proteins in the serum of @entity1 with @entity370 or @entity378 and to evaluate these proteins as markers for the differential diagnosis of @entity370 and sputum-negative @entity378 . METHODS: Using protein microarrays, we identified 3 proteins exhibiting differential expression between @entity1 with @entity370 and @entity378 . Elevated expression of these proteins was verified using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and was further confirmed by immunohistochemistry. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, logistic regression analysis, parallel, and serial tests were used to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of the proteins. RESULTS: @entity2071 ( @entity2071 ) and @entity1243 were screened for differentially expressed proteins relevant to @entity370 and @entity378 . Using ROC curves, we found that @entity2071 (cutoff value: 57740 pg/mL) had an area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity of 0.718, 62.3%, and 79.5% respectively, while @entity1243 (cutoff value: 1193.186 pg/mL) had an AUC, sensitivity, and specificity of 0.763, 88.3%, and 65.8%, respectively. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the AUC, sensitivity, and specificity of combined @entity1243 and @entity2071 were 0.787, 89.6%, and 65.8%, respectively, while those of combined @entity1243 , @entity2071 , and body mass index (BMI) were 0.837, 90.9%, and 64.4%, respectively, which had the greatest diagnostic value. Parallel and serial tests indicated that the BMI- @entity1243 parallel with the @entity2071 serial was the best diagnostic method, achieving a sensitivity and specificity of 86.5% and 73.1%, respectively. Thus, our results identified elevated expression of @entity2071 and @entity1243 in serum and @entity738 of @entity370 @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity2071 and @entity1243 were found to be potential markers for the diagnosis of @entity370 and differential diagnosis of @entity370 and sputum-negative @entity378 .

title: Screening for Differentially Expressed Proteins Relevant to the Differential Diagnosis of XXXX and @entity378 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity738 :: ('MESH:D006099', 'Disease') :: ['granulomas']

entities_list: @entity2071 :: ('3383', 'Gene') :: ['ICAM-1', 'Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1']

entities_list: @entity370 :: ('MESH:D012507', 'Disease') :: ['sarcoidosis']

entities_list: @entity378 :: ('MESH:D014376', 'Disease') :: ['tuberculosis']

answer: @entity370 :: (MESH:D012507,Disease) :: ['Sarcoidosis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 7510 Background: We reported that vaccination with @entity320 -derived HSPPC-96 resulted in @entity320 -specific T-cell response (50%) and in clinical response (18%) in @entity1 with @entity66 . To investigate whether immune reaction to HSPPC-96 can be modulated by cytokines, we administered HSPPC-96 together with @entity2841 s.c. and @entity686 systemically. METHODS: @entity1 with AJCC stage IV @entity320 (n = 28) were vaccinated with autologous @entity5 -derived HSPPC-96. Most @entity1 (n = 25) had received prior chemo- and/or bio-therapy. All @entity1 underwent surgery to harvest @entity5 tissue for vaccine production. Subsequent treatment consisted of: HSPPC-96 (25  g s.c. on day 2); @entity2841 (75  g s.c. on days 1, 2, 3); @entity686 (3 MU i.v., twice weekly). This was repeated over 4 weeks followed by 4 weeks of rest. Then, 4 additional injections of HSPPC-96 were given biweekly with @entity2841 over 3 days followed by 5 injections of @entity686 at 2 days intervals. Anti- @entity320 T-cell response was assessed on pre and post vaccination PBMCs, by ELISPOT assay using @entity320 as targets. RESULTS: Treatment was well tolerated. Eighteen @entity1 received at least 4 vaccinations and were considered evaluable. Of these, 2 were free of disease (DF) and 16 had residual @entity320 post surgery. Of the DF subjects, 1 remained DF for 419 days. Of the 16 @entity1 with @entity41 , 10 showed SD lasting from 97 to 372 days. Six of the 16 @entity1 showed an increased number of anti- @entity320 T cells after vaccination and all had SD. The remaining @entity1 had @entity1726 . CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that @entity2841 , at this dose and schedule followed by systemic @entity686 , do not increase T-cell responses post HSPPC-96 vaccination as compared to our previous study. However, the present results continue to suggest a potential immunogenic and anti- @entity5 effect of HSPPC-96 vaccine in @entity1 with @entity320 . [Table: see text].

title: Phase II study of HSPPC-96 in combination with XXXX and @entity686 in stage IV @entity320 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['residual disease']

entities_list: @entity41 :: ('MESH:D018365', 'Disease') :: ['residual tumor']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma', 'metastatic melanoma']

answer: @entity2841 :: (1437,Gene) :: ['GM-CSF']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The current American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) @entity418 staging for nodal status is difficult to interpret and is based solely on lymph node location relative to the @entity5 's esophageal location. Recent reports suggest that the number of lymph nodes involved is also an important factor. We reviewed our esophageal experience to propose an improved nodal staging system. METHODS: In all, 1,027 @entity1 with resected @entity418 from 1970 to 2005 were reviewed. Lymph nodes stations were assigned according to AJCC criteria. Overall survival was assessed by Kaplan-Meier analysis. The impact of location, number of involved lymph nodes, and use of preoperative chemotherapy or radiation therapy, or both, was assessed. RESULTS: Nonregional nodal involvement (n = 17) was associated with decreased survival compared with regional (n = 441) or celiac nodal (n = 73) involvement (3-year: 0% versus 24% and 23%; p < 0.001). The number of involved lymph nodes was strongly associated with survival (3-year: 0 nodes = 63%, 1 to 3 nodes = 31%, more than 3 nodes = 13%; p < 0.001), and multivariable Cox proportional-hazards analysis suggested that the location and number of involved lymph nodes were independent predictors of survival (p < 0.001). We propose a modified nodal staging system that designates celiac nodes as regional and includes number of involved nodes: pN0, no nodes (3 years = 63%, n = 496); @entity3121 -regional, 1 to 3 nodes (3 years = 32%, n = 292); @entity477 -regional, more than 3 nodes (3 years = 14%, n = 222); @entity8603 -nonregional node (3 years = 0%, n = 17 [p < 0.0001]). This modified nodal staging system better predicts survival than the current AJCC nodal staging system in which survival for @entity3121 (3 years = 24%) and pM1a (3 years = 23%) do not differ (p = 0.67). The use of induction before surgical resection did not alter the predictive effect of the new nodal staging system. CONCLUSIONS: Modification of the AJCC nodal classification system to incorporate the number of involved lymph nodes with regional and nonregional node location simplifies and better predicts long-term survival than does the current AJCC nodal system.

title: Proposed modification of nodal status in AJCC XXXX staging system.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['primary tumor']

entities_list: @entity418 :: ('MESH:D004938', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal cancer']

answer: @entity418 :: (MESH:D004938,Disease) :: ['esophageal cancer']


abstract: Purpose: Concurrent chemoradiation (CRT) with 3-weekly doses of @entity900 is a standard treatment for loco-regionally advanced @entity213 ( @entity213 ). However, treatment with 3-weekly doses of @entity900 is often associated with several adverse events. Therefore, we conducted this retrospective analysis to determine the efficacy and tolerance of CRT with a low weekly dose of @entity900 in stage IV @entity213 @entity1 . Materials and Methods: Medical records of @entity1 who were diagnosed with stage IV @entity213 and received concurrent CRT were analyzed. All @entity1 were treated weekly with @entity900 at 20-30 mg/m2 until radiotherapy was completed. Results: A total of 35 @entity1 were reviewed. Median follow up was 10.7 months (range, 1.7 to 90.5 months), the median radiation dose was 7,040 cGy, and the median dose of @entity900 received was 157 mg/m2. Eleven @entity1 received @entity1205 combination chemotherapy. Overall, 25 @entity1 (71.4%) achieved complete response (CR), eight (22.9%) showed partial response. The median overall survival was 42.7 months, the 3-year survival rate was 51.2% and the 3 year disease-free survival rate was 72.8%. Overall survival was improved in @entity1 who achieved CR relative to others (59.7 months vs. 13.4 months; p=0.008). There were significant differences in survival between @entity1 who received @entity1205 combination and @entity900 alone (51.8 months vs. 7.9 months; p=0.009). Grade 3-4 adverse events included @entity3136 (82.9%), @entity1909 (22.9%), @entity281 (11.4%), @entity1282 (8.6%), and @entity1398 (5.7%). Conclusion: CRT with low dose weekly @entity900 is likely effective and tolerable, even in @entity1 with locally advanced-stage IV @entity213 .

title: Concurrent Chemoradiation with Low-Dose Weekly @entity900 in Locally Advanced Stage IV XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1909 :: ('MESH:D003872', 'Disease') :: ['dermatitis']

entities_list: @entity3136 :: ('MESH:D013280', 'Disease') :: ['stomatitis']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['dysphagia']

entities_list: @entity1205 :: ('MESH:C067311', 'Chemical') :: ['docetaxel']

entities_list: @entity213 :: ('MESH:C535575', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck squamous cell carcinoma', 'HNSCC']

answer: @entity213 :: (MESH:C535575,Disease) :: ['Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study was undertaken to evaluate the prognostic significance of isolated positive pelvic lymph nodes on survival and to analyze other prognostic variables, overall survival, and failure patterns in surgically staged @entity1204 @entity1 with positive pelvic lymph nodes and negative para-aortic lymph nodes following @entity1161 ( @entity1161 ). METHODS: Between January 1, 1987, and December 31, 1997, 782 @entity1 underwent primary treatment for uterine @entity5 at Indiana University Medical Center. Through a review of the medical records, we identified 58 @entity1 with pathologic stage IIIA, 27 @entity1 with pathologic stage IIIB, and 77 @entity1 with pathologic stage IIIC @entity1204 . @entity1 with pathologically positive or unsampled para-aortic lymph nodes and @entity1 who received preoperative @entity1161 were excluded, leaving a study group of 17 @entity1 with nodal @entity3 confined to pelvic lymph nodes. Thirteen @entity1 received adjuvant pelvic @entity1161 using AP-PA or four-field technique. A median dose of 5040 cGy was delivered. Four @entity1 received @entity1661 ( @entity1661 ) delivering a median dose of 3000 cGy. Two @entity1 received vaginal cuff boosts of 1000 and 3560 cGy to 0.5 cm from the vaginal surface mucosa via Cs-137 brachytherapy. Two @entity1 also received adjuvant chemotherapy ( @entity900 and @entity632 ) and/or hormonal therapy ( @entity6303 ). Disease-free and overall survivals were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method of statistical analysis and prognostic variables were analyzed using the log-rank test. RESULTS: With a median follow-up of 51 months the actuarial 5-year disease-free survival was 81% and the actuarial 2-year and 5-year overall survival rates were 81 and 72%, respectively. Univariate analysis revealed that positive peritoneal cytology in conjunction with positive pelvic lymph nodes imparts a greater risk of recurrence and decreased overall survival. There were no pelvic and/or @entity177 , but there were recurrences in the para-aortic lymph nodes (two @entity1 ) and distantly (two @entity1 ). CONCLUSION: Surgery followed by postoperative pelvic @entity1161 is a viable treatment option for pathologically staged stage IIIC @entity1204 with disease confined to the pelvic lymph nodes. Failures in the para-aortic region suggest a possible role for extended-field @entity1161 . @entity1 with positive peritoneal cytology in conjunction with nodal @entity3 fared poorly with pelvic @entity1161 . Studies evaluating the efficacy of @entity1661 are ongoing. Finally, substages within FIGO stage IIIC are recommended in an effort to better understand and define treatment strategies which might be appropriate for these @entity1 .

title: FIGO stage IIIC @entity1204 with @entity3 confined to pelvic lymph nodes: analysis of treatment outcomes, prognostic variables, and failure patterns following adjuvant XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1204 :: ('MESH:D016889', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity1161 :: ('MESH:D011832', 'Disease') :: ['radiation therapy', 'RT']

entities_list: @entity1661 :: ('MESH:D000008', 'Disease') :: ['WAI', 'whole abdominal irradiation']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cis-platinum']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['upper abdominal failures']

entities_list: @entity6303 :: ('MESH:D019290', 'Chemical') :: ['megestrol acetate']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'metastases']

answer: @entity1161 :: (MESH:D011832,Disease) :: ['radiation therapy']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: In vitro studies have shown that LEA proteins from plants and invertebrates protect and stabilise other proteins under conditions of water stress, suggesting a role in stress tolerance. However, there is little information on LEA protein function in whole plants or plant cells, particularly with respect to their anti-aggregation activity. To address this, we expressed in @entity286 BY-2 suspension cells an aggregation-prone protein based on that responsible for @entity2033 ( @entity2033 ). In @entity2033 , abnormally long stretches of @entity2035 ( @entity2035 ) in huntingtin (Htt) protein cause aggregation of Htt fragments within cells. We constructed stably transformed BY-2 cell lines expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP)-HttQ23 or EGFP-HttQ52 fusion proteins (encoding 23 or 52 @entity3264 residues, pertaining to the normal and disease states, respectively), as well as an EGFP control. EGFP-HttQ52 protein aggregated in the cytoplasm of transformed @entity286 cells, which showed slow growth kinetics; in contrast, EGFP-HttQ23 or EGFP did not form aggregates and cells expressing these constructs grew normally. To test the effect of LEA proteins on @entity6960 in plant cells, we constructed cell lines expressing both EGFP-HttQ52 and LEA proteins (PM1, PM18, ZLDE-2 or AavLEA1) or a sHSP (PM31). Of these, AavLEA1 and PM31 reduced intracellular EGFP-HttQ52 aggregation and alleviated the associated growth inhibition, while PM18 and ZLDE-2 partially restored growth rates. Treatment of EGFP-HttQ52-expressing BY2 cells with the @entity3978 @entity3089 ( @entity3090 ) also reduced EGFP-HttQ52 aggregation and improved cell growth rate. The EGFP-HttQ52 cell line therefore has potential for characterising both macromolecular and small molecule inhibitors of @entity6960 in plant cells.

title: A plant cell model of @entity2035 aggregation: Identification and characterisation of macromolecular and small-molecule anti- XXXX activity in vivo.

entities_list: @entity3978 :: ('CHEBI:26195', 'Chemical') :: ['polyphenol']

entities_list: @entity2035 :: ('MESH:C097188', 'Chemical') :: ['polyQ', 'polyglutamine']

entities_list: @entity2033 :: ('MESH:D006816', 'Disease') :: ["Huntington's disease", 'HD']

entities_list: @entity3089 :: ('MESH:C045651', 'Chemical') :: ['epigallocatechin-3-gallate']

entities_list: @entity6960 :: ('MESH:D001796', 'Disease') :: ['protein aggregation']

answer: @entity6960 :: (MESH:D001796,Disease) :: ['protein aggregation']


abstract: There are evidences that besides geographic tendency, interactions between genetic and environmental factors play an essential role in the pathogenesis of @entity195 ( @entity2403 ). In this study, we have evaluated the associations between @entity39050 and @entity45942 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)s of @entity2936 gene with the susceptibility and clinical findings of BD. Two hundred and eighty-five @entity1 with @entity2403 and 225 age-matched healthy controls were enrolled in this study. The clinical findings of @entity1 were noted. The distributions of genotypes, alleles, combined genotypes and haplotypes of these two SNPs in @entity2403 @entity1 were compared with those in healthy controls. In further evaluation, we evaluated the @entity1 with and without any of clinical findings with regarding to distribution of genotypes and alleles of these two SNPs. There was no significant difference concerning frequencies of genotypes, alleles, combined genotypes and haplotypes of @entity39050 and @entity45942 between @entity1 and controls (p  >  0.05 for all). Frequency of GT genotype of @entity2936 @entity39050 polymorphism was found to be significantly higher in @entity1 with @entity272 (p  <  0.05, OR 1.65, 95  % CI 1.02-2.64). Also, we have found significantly higher frequencies of CC genotype and C allele of @entity2936 @entity45942 polymorphism in @entity1 with @entity1066 (p  <  0.05 for both, OR 2.30, 95  % CI 1.07-4.94 and OR 1.78, 95  % CI 1.06-2.97, respectively). However, these significances were disappeared after Bonferroni correction. We suggest that differences in the expression levels of @entity2936 because of different genotypes of these two SNPs may take part in the development of @entity272 or @entity1066 in @entity1 with @entity2403 .

title: Associations of @entity39050 and XXXX polymorphisms of @entity2936 gene with susceptibility and clinical findings of Beh  et's disease.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['genital ulcers']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin lesions']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["Beh  et's disease"]

answer: @entity45942 :: (rs1883832,SNP) :: ['rs1883832']


abstract: AIMS: The aim of the study was to assess the concordance of care for age related @entity1020 with the evidence-based framework for care for chronic medical conditions known as the chronic care model. Furthermore we aimed to identify factors associated with the concordance of care with the chronic care model. METHODS: Multi-centered cross-sectional study. 169 @entity1 beginning medical treatment for age related @entity1020 were recruited and analyzed. @entity1 completed the @entity1 Assessment of @entity102 Care (PACIC) questionnaire, reflecting accordance to the chronic care model from a @entity1 's perspective, the National Eye Institute Visual Functioning Questionnaire-25 (NEI-VFQ-25) and @entity1 Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Visual acuity and chronic medical conditions were assessed. Nonparametric tests and correlation analyses were performed, also multivariable regression analysis. RESULTS: The median PACIC summary score was 2.4 (interquartile range 1.75 to 3.25), the lowest PACIC subscale score was "follow-up/coordination" with a median of 1.8 (interquartile range 1.00 to 2.60). In multivariable regression analysis the presence of @entity2175 was strongly associated with low PACIC scores (coefficient=-0.85, p=0.007). CONCLUSION: Generally, care for @entity1 with age related @entity1020 by ophthalmologists is in moderate concordance with the chronic care model. Concerning follow-up and coordination of health service, large improvements are possible. Future research should answer the question how healthcare delivery can be improved effecting relevant benefits to @entity1 with @entity13785 .

title: The concordance of care for age related XXXX with the chronic care model: a multi-centered cross-sectional study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity2175 :: ('MESH:D003924', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes type 2']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic Illness']

entities_list: @entity1020 :: ('MESH:D008268', 'Disease') :: ['macular degeneration']

answer: @entity1020 :: (MESH:D008268,Disease) :: ['macular degeneration']


abstract: The composition of peripheral blood leukocyte populations was studied following experimental @entity18723 - @entity281 in 3-week-old piglets. Four of 10 @entity18723 -infected piglets developed clinical and pathological symptoms consistent with @entity22131 ( @entity22131 ) between 14 and 21 days post-inoculation (p.i.), and were characterised as @entity22131 -affected. Only these four @entity22131 -affected piglets, but neither the non-symptomatic infected nor control animals, developed a clear @entity1431 . Kinetic analysis demonstrated a clear loss of both CD21(+) B and CD3(+) T lymphocytes in the @entity22131 -affected piglets. By CD3/ @entity404 / @entity405 triple labelling, the influence of @entity18723 @entity281 on all T cell sub-populations was discernible. A loss of CD3(+) @entity404 (+) @entity405 (+) memory/activated Th lymphocytes was particularly notable. However, all T lymphocyte sub-populations-CD3(+) @entity404 (+) @entity405 (+) memory Th, CD3(+) @entity404 (+) @entity405 (-) nai;ve Th, CD3(+) @entity404 (-) @entity405 (+) Tc and CD3(+) @entity404 (-) @entity405 (-) gammadelta TCR(+) lymphocytes-were susceptible to @entity18723 @entity281 -induced @entity2905 . CD3(-) @entity404 (-) @entity405 (+) NK cells were also depleted in the @entity22131 -affected animals, but granulocytes and monocytes were less affected. In conclusion, @entity18723 @entity281 induces primarily a @entity2905 , but only in animals which subsequently develop @entity22131 . The @entity2905 can be identified early p.i., particularly with the B lymphocytes. Memory/activated Th lymphocytes might be affected more than the other T cell sub-populations, but as time progressed a collapse of both T and B cell populations was clear.

title: Association of @entity2905 with @entity18723 induced @entity22131 ( XXXX ).

entities_list: @entity2905 :: ('MESH:D008231', 'Disease') :: ['lymphopenia']

entities_list: @entity22131 :: ('MESH:D053570', 'Disease') :: ['PMWS', 'postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity1431 :: ('MESH:D007970', 'Disease') :: ['leukopenia']

answer: @entity22131 :: (MESH:D053570,Disease) :: ['PMWS']