abstract: PURPOSE: @entity1 chorionic gonadotrophin ( @entity1465 ) has been used to induce ovulation and oocyte maturation. Although the most common dose of @entity1465 used in IVF is 10,000  IU, there are reports that suggest 5,000  IU is sufficient to yield similar results. The objective of this study is to evaluate the dose dependent differences in gene expression of granulosa cells following various doses of @entity1465 treatment. METHODS: @entity1 with @entity3610 ( @entity3610 ) were stimulated for IVF treatment. The @entity1465 injection was either withheld or given at 5,000 or 10,000  IU. Granulosa cells from the follicular fluids have been collected for RNA isolation and analyzed using Affymetrix genechip arrays. RESULTS: Unsupervised hierarchical clustering based on whole gene expression revealed two distinct groups of @entity1 in this experiment. All untreated @entity1 were clustered together whereas @entity1465 -treated @entity1 separated to a different group regardless of the dose. A large number of the transcripts were similarly up- or down-regulated across both @entity1465 doses (2229 and 1945 transcripts, respectively). However, we observed dose-dependent statistically significant differences in gene expression in only 15 transcripts. CONCLUSIONS: Although @entity1465 injection caused a major change in the gene expression profile of granulosa cells, 10,000  IU @entity1465 resulted in minimal changes in the gene expression profiles of granulosa cells as compared with 5,000  IU. Thus, based on our results, we suggest the use of 10,000  IU @entity1465 should be reconsidered in @entity3610 @entity1 .

title: Gene expression profiling of granulosa cells from @entity3610 XXXX following varying doses of @entity1 chorionic gonadotropin.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'Human']

entities_list: @entity3610 :: ('MESH:D011085', 'Disease') :: ['polycystic ovarian syndrome', 'PCOS']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanisms of action of @entity36205 ( @entity4601 ), a semi-synthesized agent from the starting material @entity507 extracted from the Chinese Traditional Herbs Artemisia annua, on ameliorating the symptoms of lupus on BXSB @entity19 . The concentration of @entity637 in the culture supernatant of the peritoneal macrophages and in the sera of BXSB @entity19 was determined by the ELISA method. @entity1991 protein expression and translocation were assayed by the EMSA method and laser confocal scanning microscopy method, respectively. @entity1993 and @entity1991 @entity1992 protein expression were determined by the Western blot method. Renal tissue of the BXSB @entity19 was prepared for assaying inhibitory activity of @entity4601 on @entity1991 , @entity1992 and @entity1993 protein expression in vivo. The peritoneal macrophages were prepared for analysis inhibitory effects of @entity4601 on translocation of @entity1991 into nuclear in vitro. We found that @entity4601 strongly reduced the production of @entity637 in the culture supernatant of the peritoneal macrophages and in the sera of BXSB @entity19 in vitro or in vivo. The results demonstrated that @entity4601 decreased the expression of @entity1991 subunit @entity1992 protein and the activation of @entity1991 in the renal tissue of BXSB @entity19 in vivo. @entity4601 effectively inhibited the nuclear translocation of @entity1991 in peritoneal macrophages of BXSB @entity19 in vitro. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that the degradation of @entity1993 protein was significantly inhibited by @entity4601 . These observations suggested that the inhibitory effects of @entity4601 on @entity637 production may result from the block in the @entity1991 signaling pathway upstream of IkappaB degradation.

title: @entity36205 ameliorates lupus symptom of BXSB XXXX by inhibiting production of @entity637 and blocking the signaling pathway @entity1991 translocation.

entities_list: @entity36205 :: ('MESH:C513609', 'Chemical') :: ['Dihydroarteannuin']

entities_list: @entity507 :: ('MESH:C031327', 'Chemical') :: ['artemisinin']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: 1. Purified native @entity95 liver phosphorylase kinase becomes activated during the assay of its activity while low molecular weight forms of the same enzyme do not. 2. The activation requires @entity855 and @entity1760 ions, suggesting the phosphorylation of the enzyme by a protein kinase as the mechanism involved. 3. The activation of the enzyme can be reverted by the action of a type I protein phosphatase isolated from the same tissue. 4. The activation can also be catalyzed by the catalytic subunit of @entity268 -dependent protein kinase in a process that requires a much lower @entity855 concentration to proceed. 5. The activation is believed to be due to an autocatalytic phosphorylation of phosphorylase kinase itself. In support of this hypothesis are the regulation of the process through @entity460 ions, the low levels of endogenous protein kinase detected in the purified preparation, the high @entity855 concentrations required in the absence of @entity268 dependent protein kinase and the fact that the process cannot be blocked by an excess of the heat stable inhibitor specific for the later enzyme. 6. The low molecular weight forms of the enzyme on their side are not affected by the action of neither protein phosphatase 1 nor @entity1919 dependent protein kinase. 7. Both activated and nonactivated phosphorylase kinase are partially dependent on @entity460 ions, the affinity of the former being higher than that of the latter. The low molecular forms do not require @entity460 ions to express their activity.

title: Regulatory properties of XXXX liver phosphorylase kinase.

entities_list: @entity1919 :: ('MESH:D000242', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclic AMP']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity1760 :: ('MESH:D008274', 'Chemical') :: ['magnesium']

answer: @entity95 :: (9986,Species) :: ['rabbit']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To develop and validate a questionnaire to assess @entity565 control in @entity1 (CAN). DESIGN: Two versions of the CAN (for carers and @entity1 ) were developed. Both versions were validated in an observational, prospective, multicenter study performed in 38 hospital outpatient clinics throughout Spain. Four hundred fifteen @entity1 and their carers agreed to participate. Of these, 414 @entity1 under 14 years old with frequent episodic or persistent (moderate to severe) @entity565 completed the questionnaire on 3 occasions (baseline, week 2, and week 12). For @entity1 aged 2-8 the questionnaire was only completed by the carers, but for @entity1 aged 9-14 the questionnaire was completed by the carers and the @entity1 . Clinician ratings of @entity565 control were used as a gold standard to assess the sensitivity, specificity, @entity2286 and NPV of the new measure. RESULTS: Evaluable responses were obtained from 215 carers for @entity1 aged 2-8 years and 199 @entity1 aged 9-14 years, and their parents. Using a questionnaire total score cut-off of 8 the @entity1 version had a sensitivity of 76.3% and a specificity of 62.9%. For carer version these values were 73% and 69.7%, respectively. A cut point of 8 was selected to maximize the screening accuracy of the CAN questionnaire. Effect sizes in @entity1 with clinician-rated improvements in @entity565 control were 0.33 and 0.57 for the carer and @entity1 versions, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The screening accuracy and validity of the CAN questionnaire make it suitable for use in research and clinical practice. The sensitivity and specificity were close to 70%, which is acceptable for the study objective: obtain a tool to measure the level of @entity565 control.

title: Development and validation of a questionnaire to assess XXXX control in pediatrics.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient', 'child']

answer: @entity565 :: (MESH:D001249,Disease) :: ['asthma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1822 of vascular origin is a rare @entity5 , occurring mainly in the inferior vena cava (IVC). When involving the hepatic vein confluence, it often causes @entity3181 , and IVC removal with a complex hepatectomy is required (Mingoli in J Am Coll Surg 211:145-146, 2010; Griffin in J Surg Oncol 34:53-60, 1987; Heaney in Ann Surg 163:237-241, 1966; Fortner in Ann Surg 180:644-652, 1974). METHODS: A 57-year-old male, without previous oncological history, presented with @entity3181 due to a @entity1822 extending to the supra-diaphragmatic IVC and involving the right and middle hepatic veins. The @entity1 did not receive neoadjuvant treatment. RESULTS: A femoral to superior vena cava veno-venous bypass was inserted, and both a median sternotomy and phreno-laparotomy with right subcostal extension were performed. A hemi-portocaval shunt was created between the right portal branch and the IVC, while a catheter was connected to the left portal branch for cold perfusion. Under extracorporeal circulation, the IVC was sectioned after infrahepatic and supra-diaphragmatic cross-clamping. The left liver was flushed with Celsior solution and packed with ice. A right trisectionectomy extended to the caudate lobe with en bloc vena cava removal was performed. The IVC was replaced by a cryopreserved aortic homograft, to which the stump of the left hepatic vein was anastomosed. Bypass duration, warm and cold @entity409 , and operation time were 280  min, 8  min, 112  min, and 11  h, respectively. Duct-to-duct biliary @entity254 tutored by a T-tube was performed, and the @entity1 was discharged on postoperative day 29, without major complications. After 16  months free of disease, the @entity1 developed bilateral lung metastases. After 4  years the @entity1 is still alive and receiving systemic chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1822 of the IVC involving the hepatic veins can be treated with extended hepatectomy and removal of the IVC through extracorporeal circulation.

title: Liver and Vena Cava En Bloc Resection for an Invasive @entity1822 Causing XXXX , Under Veno-Venous Bypass and Liver Hypothermic Perfusion : Liver Hypothermic Perfusion and Veno-Venous Bypass for Inferior Vena Cava Leiomyosarcoma.

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver ischemia']

entities_list: @entity1822 :: ('MESH:D007890', 'Disease') :: ['leiomyosarcoma', 'Leiomyosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity3181 :: ('MESH:D006502', 'Disease') :: ['Budd-Chiari syndrome']

answer: @entity3181 :: (MESH:D006502,Disease) :: ['Budd-Chiari Syndrome']


abstract: @entity407 can lead to @entity731 by lipoprotein deposition inside the vessel wall and oxidative stress induction that leads to the formation of @entity731 . Oxidized low-density lipoprotein particles (Ox-LDL) have a key role in the pathogenesis of @entity731 . The lipid-lowering properties and antioxidants of the grape seed can be beneficial in @entity731 prevention. We conducted a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled crossover clinical trial. Fifty-two mildly hyperlipidemic individuals were divided into two groups that received either 200 mg/day of the red grape seed extract (RGSE) or placebo for 8 weeks. After an 8-week washout period, the groups were crossed over for another 8 weeks. Lipid profiles and Ox-LDL were measured at the beginning and the end of each phase. RGSE consumption reduced total @entity165 (-10.68  26.76 mg/dL, P=.015), LDL @entity165 (-9.66  23.92 mg/dL, P=.014), and @entity29439 (-5.47  12.12 mg/dL, P=.008). While @entity412 and very low-density lipoprotein @entity165 were decreased and high-density lipoprotein @entity165 was increased by RGSE, the changes were not statistically significant. RGSE consumption decreases Ox-LDL and has beneficial effects on lipid profile-consequently decreasing the risk of @entity731 and @entity65 -in mild hyperlipidemic individuals.

title: Red grape seed extract improves lipid profiles and decreases oxidized low-density lipoprotein in patients with mild XXXX .

entities_list: @entity407 :: ('MESH:D006949', 'Disease') :: ['Hyperlipidemia']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis', 'atherosclerotic plaque']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disorders']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity407 :: (MESH:D006949,Disease) :: ['hyperlipidemia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Protein-energy wasting is tightly associated with mortality in haemodialysis @entity1 . An expert panel of the International Society of Renal Nutrition and Metabolism (ISRNM) has published a consensus on the parameters that define protein-energy nutritional status and posed the question, 'which scoring system most effectively predicts outcome?' The aim of our study was therefore to develop a composite score of protein-energy nutritional status (cPENS) and to assess its prediction of all-cause mortality. METHODS: We used the data of 560 haemodialysis @entity1 participating in the CONvective TRAnsport STudy (CONTRAST). All @entity1 were followed for occurrence of @entity204 . Internationally recommended nutritional targets were used as components of the cPENS, including the subjective global assessment (target score >=    6), @entity2313 (>=    4.0  g/dL), normalized protein @entity1568 appearance (>=    0.8  g/kg/day), @entity165 (>=    100  mg/dL), @entity1011 (>=    10  mg/dL) and BMI (>   23  kg/m(2)). A Cox regression model was used to analyse the relation between different cPENS variants and mortality. RESULTS: The median follow-up time was 1.4  years (max 4.2). One hundred and five @entity1 (19%) died. A cPENS variant based on @entity2313 , BMI, @entity1011 and the nPNA yielded the strongest relation with mortality (hazard ratio 0.63, 95% confidence interval 0.54-0.74, P < 0.001), after adjustments for confounders. Some of the individual parameters of the cPENS, notably @entity2313 and @entity1011 , were related to mortality with similar strength and magnitude. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, @entity2313 reflects mortality risk similarly to multiple nutritional parameters combined. This questions the clinical value of the proposed diagnostic criteria for protein-energy wasting.

title: A composite score of protein-energy nutritional status predicts mortality in haemodialysis XXXX no better than its individual components.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To report self-rated health and factors influencing health after traffic-related mild @entity131 . DESIGN: Population-based, cross-sectional study of traffic-related mild @entity131 occurring between 1 December 1997 and 31 November 1999 in Saskatchewan, Canada. SUBJECTS: Subjects were 929 adults making a personal injury claim after a traffic collision. Inclusion criteria were a head blow with certain or possible @entity909 or post-traumatic @entity2730 , or a possible head blow with certain @entity909 /post-traumatic @entity2730 . Excluded were those with @entity909 > 30 min and those hospitalized longer than 2 days. METHODS: Data were self-reported through insurance application forms completed within 6 weeks of the injury. Multivariable multinomial logistic regression was applied to identify factors associated with self-reported general health. RESULTS: In contrast to the 74.5% of subjects reporting excellent or very good health prior to injury, 70.8% reported having poor/fair health after the injury. Post-crash @entity308 , sleep problems, greater neck/low back @entity158 and low expectations for recovery were associated with poorer post-injury health. CONCLUSION: Those with traffic-related mild @entity131 reported a decline in self-perceived general health. We identified potentially modifiable factors associated with poor post-injury health and suggested that these factors should be considered during early clinical intervention.

title: Factors influencing self-rated health in traffic-related mild XXXX .

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['traumatic brain injury']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive symptoms']

entities_list: @entity909 :: ('MESH:D014474', 'Disease') :: ['loss of consciousness']

answer: @entity131 :: (MESH:D001930,Disease) :: ['traumatic brain injury']


abstract: Fluorescence as well as fluorescence anisotropy decay parameters have been obtained from @entity1110 -cytochrome P-450 reductase by time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy. The two @entity28094 in the enzyme, @entity21890 and FAD, are slightly fluorescent and exhibit heterogeneous fluorescence lifetimes, as observed with other flavoproteins. The time-dependent anisotropy is also multiexponential and is wavelength-dependent. The anisotropy decay is biexponential with two correlation times when the enzyme is excited at the red edge of the first absorption band (514 nm). When the enzyme is excited in the light absorption maximum (458 nm), an additional shorter correlation time is found, which contains information about the rate of energy transfer between the two @entity28094 present in the enzyme. @entity21890 -depleted @entity1110 -cytochrome P-450 reductase shows also only two correlation times, as does the enzyme in the "air-stable" semiquinone state when excited at 458 nm. Wavelength-dependent steady-state anisotropy measurements of native and @entity21890 -depleted protein show that the former exhibits lower values than the latter in the region of the first absorption band, but when the red edge of the absorption band is reached, the anisotropy becomes equal in both preparations. A similar situation is encountered in model compounds, monomeric and dimeric @entity28094 , immobilized in @entity4625 . Both in the models and in the flavoprotein this can be attributed to failure of energy transfer at the red edge of the absorption band. From the results we were able to derive both geometric parameters and dynamic properties of both @entity28094 in the @entity1110 -cytochrome P-450 reductase.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy of XXXX -cytochrome P-450 reductase: demonstration of energy transfer between the two prosthetic groups.

entities_list: @entity4625 :: ('MESH:D019904', 'Chemical') :: ['poly(methyl methacrylate)']

answer: @entity1110 :: (MESH:D009249,Chemical) :: ['NADPH']


abstract: PURPOSE: The objective of this study is to assess whether baseline optic nerve head (ONH) topography and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLT) are predictive of @entity227 in @entity2790 ( @entity2790 ) and @entity735 , and to calculate the level of risk associated with each of these parameters. METHODS: @entity1 with >= 28 months of follow-up were recruited from the longitudinal Advanced Imaging for @entity726 Study. All eyes underwent standard automated perimetry (SAP), confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (CSLO), time-domain optical coherence tomography (TDOCT), and scanning laser polarimetry using enhanced corneal compensation (SLPECC) every 6 months. @entity227 was assessed using pointwise linear-regression analysis of SAP sensitivity values (progressor) and defined as significant sensitivity loss of >1   dB/year at >= 2 adjacent test locations in the same hemifield at P<0.01. Cox proportional hazard ratios (HR) were calculated to determine the predictive ability of baseline ONH and RNFL parameters for SAP progression using univariate and multivariate models. RESULTS: Seventy-three eyes of 73 @entity1 (43 @entity2790 and 30 @entity726 , mean age 63.2  9.5 years) were enrolled (mean follow-up 51.5  11.3 months). Four of 43 @entity2790 (9.3%) and 6 of 30 (20%) @entity735 demonstrated progression. Mean time to progression was 50.8  11.4 months. Using multivariate models, abnormal CSLO temporal-inferior Moorfields classification (HR=3.76, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.02-6.80, P=0.04), @entity307    m, HR=1.38, 95% CI: 1.02-2.2, P=0.02), and @entity307    m, HR=1.11, 95% CI: 1.04-1.2, P=0.001) had significant HRs for SAP progression. CONCLUSION: Abnormal baseline ONH topography and reduced inferior RNFL are predictive of SAP progression in @entity2790 and @entity735 .

title: Evaluation of baseline structural factors for predicting XXXX using optical coherence tomography, scanning laser polarimetry and confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['glaucomatous visual-field progression', 'Visual-field progression']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['Glaucoma', 'glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity735 :: ('MESH:D005124', 'Disease') :: ['glaucomatous eyes']

entities_list: @entity2790 :: ('MESH:D009798', 'Disease') :: ['GS', 'glaucoma suspect']

entities_list: @entity307 :: ('5187', 'Gene') :: ['SLPECC inferior RNFLT (per -1', 'TDOCT inferior RNFLT (per -1']

answer: @entity227 :: (MESH:D014786,Disease) :: ['glaucomatous visual-field progression']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of various Candida species and study some of their virulence factors among @entity7553 (VVC) @entity1 . STUDY DESIGN AND SETTINGS: The study was conducted in a Tertiary Care University Hospital in North India. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was carried out prospectively for a period of 1 year. High vaginal swabs (HVSs) were collected from @entity1 in childbearing age group attending the gynecology and obstetrics out- @entity1 departments with the complaints suggestive of @entity15231 . Samples were plated on Sabouraud's dextrose agar slope. Candida spp. isolated was further speciated based on microscopy, biochemical tests and culture characteristics on special media. Virulence factors of these strains were determined by biofilm formation and phospholipase activity. RESULT: A total of 464 HVS from 232 @entity1 with the complaints of @entity15231 were included in this study. Following laboratory workup, 71 specimens were positive for genus Candida (30.6%). Further speciation showed 32.4% as @entity5132 , 45.07% @entity7409 and 22.53% of @entity7408 . Biofilm production was shown by 50 candidal strains (70.4%) and phospholipase activity was given by 41 candidal strains (57.74%). CONCLUSION: Our study suggests increasing prevalence of non-albicans Candida among the VVC cases along with their virulence factors. Therefore, we recommend that microbiological investigation upto species level should be mandatory to determine the emergence of non-albicans Candida as a major cause of VVC.

title: Emergence of non-albicans Candida among XXXX cases and study of their potential virulence factors, from a tertiary care center, North India.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity7408 :: ('5478', 'Species') :: ['Candida glabrata']

entities_list: @entity7409 :: ('5480', 'Species') :: ['Candida parapsilosis']

entities_list: @entity7553 :: ('MESH:D002177', 'Disease') :: ['thevulvovaginal candidiasis']

entities_list: @entity5132 :: ('5476', 'Species') :: ['Candida albicans']

entities_list: @entity15231 :: ('MESH:D014848', 'Disease') :: ['vulvovaginitis']

answer: @entity15231 :: (MESH:D014848,Disease) :: ['candidal vulvovaginitis']


abstract: Twenty-one adult in- @entity1 (11 @entity1 , 10 @entity1 , aged 18-39 years) with @entity302 participated in a 4-week intensive physical training program, exercising for at least 45 min three times a day, 6 days a week, at an intensity of minimum 60% of maximum @entity26 uptake (maximum VO2). The program induced a considerable increase in maximum VO2 (mean 19%). @entity458 were also recorded. The average @entity410 frequency during the 4-week exercise period was compared with 2 preexercise and 2 postexercise weeks. There was no significant difference, but there was considerable variation among @entity1 . Only six @entity1 had @entity410 during exercise. The occurrence had no relation to @entity410 type, mode of activity, or pulse rate. We conclude that physical activity does not represent an important @entity410 -inducing factor in general, and that in most @entity1 with @entity302 physical training appears to have a favorable influence. The exact mechanism behind this influence is not known, but physiologic as well as psychological and social effects may be of importance. Physical training did not change the serum levels of the antiepileptic drugs to a clinically important degree.

title: Effect of physical training on aerobic capacity, @entity410 occurrence, and serum level of antiepileptic drugs in adults with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'people', 'men']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'seizures']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['Beneficial psychological and social effects']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['uncontrolled epilepsy', 'epilepsy']

answer: @entity302 :: (MESH:D004827,Disease) :: ['epilepsy']


abstract: Nerve activity was recorded from deep dentinal cavities in the @entity235 teeth to assess the possible influence of @entity972 and divalent cations in decreasing this activity in hypersensitive teeth. The decreased activity after the topical application of 0.756 mol/l @entity10406 to the cavity was primarily due to the cation. @entity10406 elicited a biphasic response from intradental nerves, an initial transient excitatory response followed by a prolonged inhibitory period. During the inhibitory period 3 mol/l @entity4202 , an effective excitatory stimulus, failed to evoke @entity3457 . However, with time the response to 3 mol/l @entity4202 eventually recovered to its previous control level. Close, intra-arterial injection of @entity10406 showed the same biphasic response and time-course of @entity3457 as with topical application. Therefore, whether @entity10406 was applied topically or injected its effectiveness in altering the nerve activity was similar. Pretreatment of the dentinal cavity with @entity15130 , @entity8723 or @entity27636 greatly reduced the response of intradental nerves to @entity10406 . Therefore these divalent cations seem to have a depressant action on pulpal nerve fibres. The mechanism of action of @entity10406 seems to be an alteration of @entity3529 concentration immediately surrounding the intradental nerves which presumably depolarizes the nerve fibre membrane and elicits an initial firing of action potentials. Because of the persisting high levels of extracellular @entity972 a sustained depolarized state occurs that results in an inactivation of the action potential. Divalent cations appear to depress the excitability of the nerve cell membrane without altering membrane potential. Such ionic agents could be used in conjunction with @entity10406 as a possible treatment for hypersensitive teeth.

title: Decreasing XXXX in the cat with @entity972 and divalent cations.

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

entities_list: @entity3457 :: ('OMIM:612348', 'Disease') :: ['intradental nerve activity']

answer: @entity3457 :: (OMIM:612348,Disease) :: ['intradental nerve activity']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity7 ( @entity7 )-neutralizing therapy with bevacizumab has become increasingly important for treating @entity14 . It was demonstrated that second-line chemotherapy together with bevacizumab after disease progression ( @entity1726 ) on first-line therapy including bevacizumab showed clinical benefits in metastatic @entity0 (ML18147 trial, TANIA trial). One of the rationales for these trials was that the refractoriness to first-line therapy is caused by resistance to not so much bevacizumab as to the chemotherapeutic agents. Nevertheless, resistance to bevacizumab cannot be ruled out because @entity7 -independent angiogenesis has been reported to be a mechanism of resistance to anti- @entity7 therapy. In this study, we used a xenograft model with the @entity1 @entity694 HT-29 cells to investigate the mechanisms underlying the effect of continued administration of bevacizumab plus @entity416 even after resistance to bevacizumab was acquired. The combination of @entity416 plus bevacizumab exhibited significantly stronger antitumor and anti-angiogenic activities than did monotherapy with either agent. @entity416 treatment significantly increased the intratumoral @entity7 level compared with the control group; however, the combination with bevacizumab neutralized the @entity7 . Among angiogenic factors other than @entity7 , intratumoral @entity14813 , which reportedly promotes angiogenesis both dependent on, and independently of @entity7 , was significantly decreased in the @entity416 group and the combination group compared with the control group. In an in vitro experiment, @entity1487 ( @entity1487 ), an active metabolite of @entity416 , inhibited @entity14813 production by HT-29 cells. These results suggested that @entity416 has a dual mode of action: namely, inhibition of @entity5 cell growth and inhibition of @entity14813 production by @entity5 cells. Thus, @entity416 and bevacizumab may work in a mutually complementary manner in @entity5 angiogenesis inhibition to overcome the resistance caused by angiogenic factors other than @entity7 . These results suggest the clinical relevance and the mechanism of action of treatment with bevacizumab in combination therapy beyond @entity1726 .

title: Continuous administration of bevacizumab plus @entity416 , even after acquired resistance to bevacizumab, restored anti-angiogenic and antitumor effect in a @entity1 XXXX xenograft model.

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal and breast cancers']

entities_list: @entity416 :: ('MESH:C110904', 'Chemical') :: ['capecitabine', 'Capecitabine']

entities_list: @entity7 :: ('7422', 'Gene') :: ['VEGF', 'Vascular endothelial growth factor']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon cancer']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: @entity131 ( @entity131 ) is a frequent health problem and increased prevalence of @entity409 in @entity1 with @entity131 has been reported. @entity2587 and particularly boxing may result in @entity4611 . However, transient @entity6126 after an acute @entity542 due to boxing and/or kickboxing has not been defined yet. We describe the case of a 20-yr-old male amateur kickboxer who was admitted to hospital complaining of decreased libido and @entity323 2 weeks after an intensive bout. Basal hormone levels were compatible with mild @entity4089 and @entity6126 . @entity2338 was evaluated by @entity7704 +GHRP-6 test and peak GH level was within normal reference range. Three months later his complaints improved and abnormalities in basal hormone levels normalized. He was also re-evaluated 9 months after the first evaluation; basal hormone levels were within normal ranges and he had no complaints. In conclusion acute @entity542 due to kickboxing may cause transient @entity7103 . Therefore, screening the pituitary functions of sportsmen dealing with combative sports is crucial.

title: Transient XXXX in an amateur kickboxer after @entity542 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4089 :: ('MESH:D006966', 'Disease') :: ['hyperprolactinemia']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['TBI', 'Traumatic brain injury']

entities_list: @entity323 :: ('MESH:D007172', 'Disease') :: ['impotence']

entities_list: @entity7103 :: ('MESH:C535764', 'Disease') :: ['gonadotropin deficiency']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['neurendocrine dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['head trauma']

entities_list: @entity4611 :: ('MESH:D010900', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity2587 :: ('MESH:D001265', 'Disease') :: ['Sports injuries']

entities_list: @entity6126 :: ('MESH:D007006', 'Disease') :: ['hypogonadotpopic hypogonadism', 'hypogonadotropic hypogonadism']

answer: @entity6126 :: (MESH:D007006,Disease) :: ['hypogonadotropic hypogonadism']


abstract: AIMS: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prognostic factors associated with @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) in @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) @entity1 with brain metastasis who received whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study included 264 consecutive @entity1149 @entity1 with brain metastasis who received WBRT. @entity1 with @entity3 and those who underwent craniotomy or stereotactic radiotherapy before WBRT were excluded. The evaluated prognostic factors for @entity1349 included gender, @entity51 , histology, @entity470 ( @entity470 ) mutation status, previous cytotoxic chemotherapy, previous @entity470 - @entity4149 kinase inhibitor treatment, recursive partitioning analysis (RPA) class, and diagnosis-specific graded prognostic assessment (DS-GPA) score. All factors with a P < 0.05 in univariate analysis were entered into multivariate analysis using Cox regression and a confidence interval of 99%. RESULTS: Two hundred thirty @entity1 had died, 14 @entity1 were alive, and 20 @entity1 were lost to follow-up. The median follow-up time was 20.9 months. The median survival time was 5.5 months (95% confidence interval; 4.8-6.3). Univariate analysis showed that gender, @entity51 , histology, @entity470 mutation status, RPA class, and DS-GPA score were significant prognostic factors for @entity1349 . In multivariate analysis, RPA class and histology were found to be significant prognostic factors for @entity1349 , with P values of 0.0039 and 0.0014, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: RPA Class I or II (Karnofsky Performance Status >= 70) and @entity420 histology were associated with longer @entity1349 . These factors should be taken into account when considering indication for WBRT.

title: Prognostic factors in XXXX with brain metastasis from @entity1149 treated with whole-brain radiotherapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity470 :: ('1956', 'Gene') :: ['EGFR', 'epidermal growth factor receptor']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'nonsmall cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deficit']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['leptomeningeal metastasis']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVES To evaluate, in a pilot prospective randomized trial, the safety, effectiveness and radiological recurrence of retroperitoneal renal cyst decortication compared with retroperitoneal decortication with wadding using perirenal pedicled fat tissue. @entity1 AND METHODS From March 2004 to December 2007, 40 @entity1 with simple @entity8 were enrolled and randomized; 22 (group A) had a @entity5130 ( @entity5130 ) and 18 (group B) a decortication with wadding of the cyst using perirenal fat tissue (RDCW). The following variables were recorded: age, gender, side, size on ultrasonography/computed tomography (CT), location, operative duration, @entity190 , complications, pathology, presence or absence of @entity812 , @entity101 , urinary tract compression or @entity293 . The primary endpoint of this trial was to evaluate and compare the efficacy of both treatments. Secondary endpoints were safety and @entity158 , @entity101 and the resolution of @entity5450 . RESULTS In all, 40 cysts were treated; there were no bilateral cysts. The mean (sd) size on CT was 11.9 (1.84) cm in group A and 12.8 (1.25) cm in group B (P = 0.1). All the procedures were completed laparoscopically and no conversion was necessary. There were no intraoperative complications. The mean (range) hospital stay was 3.4 (3-6) days. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups for all variables assessed. There was a radiological recurrence in three @entity1 (14%) in group A, but none in group B (all successful). CONCLUSION To be completely successful, with maximum safety and to prevent recurrences in the treatment of @entity8 , RCDW is recommended when a retroperitoneal approach is chosen, especially if the cyst is located anteriorly. When symptom relief is considered, RCDW duplicates the results obtained with @entity5130 .

title: Retroperitoneal decortication of simple XXXX vs decortication with wadding using perirenal fat tissue: results of a prospective randomized trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal cysts']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity812 :: ('MESH:D021501', 'Disease') :: ['flank pain']

entities_list: @entity5450 :: ('MESH:D014570', 'Disease') :: ['urinary tract obstruction']

entities_list: @entity293 :: ('MESH:D014552', 'Disease') :: ['urinary infection']

entities_list: @entity5130 :: ('MESH:D003655', 'Disease') :: ['SRD', 'simple retroperitoneal decortication']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['renal cysts']


abstract: The spinal cord motor nuclei have been the focus of a number of investigations exploring neurodegenerative mechanisms, e.g. excitotoxicity mediated by @entity2227 and oxidative stress. Here, high-resolution quantitative post-embedding immunocytochemistry with antibodies to oxidized and @entity2041 ( @entity2197 ), an ubiquitously expressed scavenger of free radicals, was used to examine if @entity2197 synthesis is upregulated pre- and/or postsynaptically in the lumbar motor nuclei of aged (30 month old) @entity35 . The purpose was, moreover, to resolve the extent of correlation between @entity2197 expression, transmitter identity and degenerative changes. Tissue from young adult @entity35 was co-processed for comparison. The quantitative immunogold analysis revealed an increase in @entity2197 -immunoreactivity in both pre- and postsynaptic compartments in the lumbar motor nuclei of aged @entity35 . Presynaptically, the enrichment of @entity2197 -immunoreactivity was seen in axonal boutons of normal appearance, and was furthermore restricted to the extra-mitochondrial compartment. Postsynaptically, the aged @entity35 disclosed, in comparison with young adults, higher values for @entity2197 -immunoreactivity both over mitochondria (+49%) and cytoplasmic matrix (+130%). When analysing the transmitter identity of the bouton profiles, it turned out that close to 50% of all @entity2227 -immunoreactive boutons in the aged @entity35 contained very high levels (> 40 gold particles/microm2) of @entity2197 -immunoreactivity. Strong @entity2197 -immunoreactivity was also a typical feature of a subset of axon terminal- and axon fibre-like profiles in the aged @entity35 that showed signs of @entity3986 and @entity528 . When comparing with normally appearing axon fibre profiles located in close vicinity, the population of aberrant axons had higher average levels of @entity2227 -immunoreactivity (+93%), and lower average levels of @entity2228 -immunoreactivity (-88%). No difference was seen regarding the levels of @entity1246 . The results of this study lend support to the idea that aging in the spinal cord motor nuclei is associated with an increased oxidative stress and indicate that different transmitter systems are differentially affected by the degenerative process.

title: Increased @entity2041 levels in neurochemically identified fibre systems in the aged XXXX lumbar motor nuclei.

entities_list: @entity2227 :: ('CHEBI:29987', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamate']

entities_list: @entity2228 :: ('CHEBI:57305', 'Chemical') :: ['glycine']

entities_list: @entity3986 :: ('MESH:D009136', 'Disease') :: ['axon dystrophy']

entities_list: @entity2041 :: ('MESH:D005978', 'Chemical') :: ['reduced glutathione']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['degeneration']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Statins are associated with decreased incidence of life-threatening @entity943 in @entity1 with @entity296 and reduce @entity204 and hospitalization in @entity712 ( @entity712 ). We hypothesized that @entity1780 use will reduce incident @entity955 ( @entity955 ) in @entity1 with @entity301 ( @entity301 ), including those with @entity712 . METHODS: A cohort of 17,741 @entity1 with @entity301 examined between 1994 and 1997 at 5 Veterans Affairs medical facilities was assembled. @entity1 with known @entity955 , @entity1229 treatment, @entity409 , or no follow-up visits were excluded. The final cohort included 13,783 @entity1 . The primary outcome was time to development of @entity955 . Propensity scores were used to balance @entity1780 -treated and untreated @entity1 with respect to baseline characteristics. Time from the initial visit to development of @entity955 was analyzed with a Cox regression model, using @entity1780 treatment as a time-varying covariate. RESULTS: Among the 13,783 @entity1 , 5417 (39%) received @entity1780 treatment. @entity1780 -treated @entity1 were younger with fewer comorbid conditions. After propensity adjustment, the baseline characteristics of the @entity1780 -treated and untreated @entity1 were similar. During an average follow-up of 4.8 years, 1979 (14%) @entity1 developed @entity955 . In the overall study population there was no difference in @entity955 incidence with @entity1780 treatment (hazard ratio 1.0, 95% CI 0.88-1.14, P = .9). However, @entity955 was less common among @entity1780 -treated @entity1 with @entity712 (hazard ratio 0.57, 95% CI 0.33-1.00, P = .04). CONCLUSIONS: We did not find any effect of @entity1780 treatment on @entity955 incidence in @entity1 with @entity301 ; however, @entity955 was reduced in a subset of @entity1 with @entity712 .

title: Effects of @entity1780 therapy on preventing @entity955 in XXXX and @entity712 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure', 'CHF']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['CHD', 'coronary heart disease']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver disease']

entities_list: @entity1780 :: ('CHEBI:35664', 'Chemical') :: ['statin', 'Statin']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation', 'AF']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmias']

entities_list: @entity1229 :: ('MESH:D014859', 'Chemical') :: ['warfarin']

answer: @entity301 :: (MESH:D003327,Disease) :: ['coronary disease']


abstract: PURPOSE: To report shortwave autofluorescence (SW-AF) and near infrared autofluorescence (NIR-AF) findings in a case of @entity7375 . METHODS: A 22-year-old @entity1 presented with a 2-week history of @entity10 , moderate @entity393 , discolored hair, and bilateral gradually decreased vision (20/800 bilaterally). Ophthalmologic examinations revealed bilateral granulomatous anterior @entity1596 and multiple patchy bullous @entity1713 . Fundus @entity941 angiography (FFA), SW-AF, and NIR-AF imaging were performed with a confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscope at the beginning and after resolution. The @entity1 responded well to systemic @entity617 treatment. Visual acuity and @entity393 improved quickly (visual acuity 16/20 bilaterally). RESULTS: Multilobular dye pooling with a dark rim was observed in serous detached retinal areas on late-phase FFA. These areas were observed as hypoAF in SW-AF and NIR-AF mode due to the blockage. After resolution of serous detachment, numerous hypoAF granular dots were observed scattered over the previously serous detached areas in SW-AF and NIR-AF mode. These hypoAF granular dots were seen as @entity66 in FFA and interpreted as retinal pigment epithelial damage or @entity194 . CONCLUSIONS: SW-AF and NIR-AF imaging confirmed granular retinal @entity15999 @entity194 which corresponds to FFA findings. SW-AF and NIR-AF imaging methods are noninvasive and useful techniques for documentation of fundus changes in VKH disease.

title: Autofluorescence findings in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity7375 :: ('MESH:D014607', 'Disease') :: ['Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['window defect lesion']

entities_list: @entity1713 :: ('MESH:D012163', 'Disease') :: ['retinal detachments']

entities_list: @entity15999 :: ('MESH:C565530', 'Disease') :: ['pigment epithelium']

entities_list: @entity941 :: ('MESH:D019793', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorescein']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing loss']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity617 :: ('MESH:D011239', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisolone']

answer: @entity7375 :: (MESH:D014607,Disease) :: ['Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease']


abstract: Thirteen @entity1619 @entity1 were treated with @entity2391 (6 X 10(6) IU/m2) for 7 days, alternate weeks, for three cycles. @entity2391 was then continued at the same dose twice a week for 24 weeks. Treatment was discontinued in 2 non-responders and 2 partial responders (1 haem PR, 1 path PR) because of complications unrelated to IFN. The objective response in the nine @entity1 who completed therapy was 66% (1 CR, 3 path PR and 2 haem PR); 2 @entity1 achieved MR. Responses lasted from 5 to 45+ months. Four newly diagnosed @entity1 and 3 in relapse after discontinuation of @entity2391 therapy (6 X 10(6) IU/m2), were treated with a lower dose of @entity2391 /m2). The objective response to this dose was 57% (3 path PR, 1 haem PR). Another @entity1 obtained MR. No @entity1 has relapsed 6-12 months after therapy discontinuation. @entity2391 was well tolerated, especially at the lower dose and no chronic @entity137 was observed. Therefore @entity2391 may be suggested as an alternative treatment for HCL.

title: Response to intermediate and standard doses of @entity2391 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1619 :: ('MESH:D015458', 'Disease') :: ['hairy-cell leukaemia']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

answer: @entity1619 :: (MESH:D015458,Disease) :: ['hairy-cell leukaemia']


abstract: The aim of the study was to investigate clinical aspects of @entity111 in maintenance hemodialysis @entity1 and to evaluate factors of putative pathogenic importance. 60-65% of the @entity1 in a maintenance hemodialysis program during a two-year period suffered from itching. @entity1 with @entity111 tended to have been on dialysis treatment longer than those without @entity111 (p = 0.05), otherwise there was no difference in clinical data or routine laboratory tests. Measurement of itch intensity continuously over one week in 28 @entity1 using a computerized method showed that itching peaked at night after two days without dialysis, was relatively high during treatment and lowest during the day following dialysis. Our results suggest that the accumulation of pruritogens between dialysis sessions influences the intensity of itching. Most @entity1 had "dry" skin. Recording of the stratum corneum water content by measurement of electrical capacitance, in 31 @entity1 (19 with @entity111 ) and 12 controls, disclosed no significant difference between dialysis @entity1 and controls, but a tendency that @entity11782 @entity1 had a lower water content than the other subjects. In different body areas, there was a positive correlation in all groups between the clinical estimation of xerosis and hydration. Serum concentrations of @entity461 ( @entity461 ) were significantly higher in dialysis @entity1 with @entity111 than in those without, but there was no correlation between the degree of symptoms and the @entity461 level. Indirect immunohistochemistry revealed no immunoreactivity for different parts of the @entity461 molecule in skin biopsies from @entity1381 @entity1 . Intradermal injections of @entity461 fragments did not evoke itching or other cutaneous reactions in @entity1 or controls. Our results do not support @entity461 as a peripheral mediator of @entity1381 itching. Flare reactions induced by intradermal @entity112 injections were significantly smaller in 26 dialysis @entity1 (18 with @entity111 ) than in 9 healthy subjects. However, the itch responses were greater in @entity1 with @entity111 than in the other subjects, indicating an augmented sensitivity to pruritogens. Repeated @entity112 injections induced tachyphylaxis in both @entity1381 @entity1 and controls. Indirect immunohistochemistry revealed @entity3508 ( @entity3508 ) immunoreactive nerve fibers sprouting throughout the layers of the epidermis in 12 dialysis @entity1 (9 with @entity111 ) but in none of 15 controls. This finding suggests that hemodialysis @entity1 develop an abnormal pattern of cutaneous innervation.

title: XXXX . Clinical and experimental studies.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity111 :: ('MESH:D011537', 'Disease') :: ['pruritus']

entities_list: @entity112 :: ('MESH:D006632', 'Chemical') :: ['histamine']

entities_list: @entity3508 :: ('2026', 'Gene') :: ['NSE', 'neuron-specific enolase']

entities_list: @entity461 :: ('5741', 'Gene') :: ['PTH', 'parathyroid hormone']

answer: @entity1381 :: (MESH:D006463,Disease) :: ['Uremic pruritus']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of a training program using standardized parents (SPs) to improve the performance of pediatric intensive care fellows in communicating @entity1835 news to parents. DESIGN: Self-controlled crossover design. SETTING: Tertiary pediatric intensive care unit in a university-affiliated @entity1 's hospital. @entity1 : Seven pediatric intensive care fellows and 4 trained volunteers (2 sets of SPs) participated in the study. METHODS: Two case scenarios of @entity1 admitted to the intensive care unit with a near-fatal diagnosis were used for the fellow's interactions with the SPs. The SPs had received 15 hours of training in role playing, performance evaluation, and giving feedback to the physicians. At the end of the first session, SPs provided feedback to the physicians under each of the 5 following categories: communication skills, content issues, support systems, interventions, and parent perceptions. During the second session, the parent meeting was repeated with a new but similar case scenario and a different set of SPs. Both sessions were videotaped, and a rater blinded to the order of the sessions used a weighted scale based on a checklist to score changes in physician performance. RESULTS: The performance by the fellows showed a significant mean (+/-SEM) improvement in scores of 18.1 (+/-5.2) points (P = .007) between the first and the second sessions. Ranking of session scores revealed that physician performance improved significantly during the second session (Wilcoxon signed rank test, P = .002). CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge this is the first study that demonstrates short-term improvement in physician performance in conveying @entity1835 news in a pediatric intensive care setting using SPs in a 1-day workshop.

title: Teaching physicians how to break XXXX news: a 1-day workshop using standardized parents.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PARTICIPANTS', 'children']

answer: @entity1835 :: (572,Gene) :: ['bad']


abstract: Understanding bacterial pathogens deposition and survival processes in the soil-groundwater system is crucial to protect public health from soilborne and waterborne diseases. However, mechanisms of bacterial pathogen-clay interactions are not well studied, particularly in dynamic systems. Also, little is known about the viability of bacterial pathogens when attached to clays. In this study, a parallel plate flow system was used to determine the deposition kinetics and survival of @entity526 O157:H7 on @entity6638 , @entity4563 , and @entity29805 over a wide range of ionic strengths (IS) (0.1-100 mM @entity4338 ). @entity526 O157:H7 deposition on the positively charged @entity29805 is greater than that on the negatively charged @entity4563 and @entity6638 . Although the zeta potential of @entity4563 was more negative than that of @entity6638 , @entity4563 showed a greater deposition for @entity526 O157:H7 than @entity6638 , which is attributed to the chemical heterogeneity of clay minerals. Overall, increasing IS resulted in an increase of @entity526 O157:H7 deposition on @entity6638 and @entity4563 , and a decrease on @entity29805 . Interaction energy calculations suggest that @entity526 O157:H7 deposition on clays was largely governed by DLVO (Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek) forces. The loss of bacterial membrane integrity was investigated as a function of time using the Live/Dead BacLight viability assay. During the examined period of 6 h, E. coli O157:H7 retained its viability in suspension and when attached to @entity6638 and @entity4563 ; however, interaction with the @entity29805 was detrimental. The information obtained in this study is of fundamental significance for the understanding of the fate of bacterial pathogens in soil environments.

title: Deposition and survival of XXXX O157:H7 on clay minerals in a parallel plate flow system.

entities_list: @entity4563 :: ('MESH:D007616', 'Chemical') :: ['kaolinite']

entities_list: @entity6638 :: ('MESH:D001546', 'Chemical') :: ['montmorillonite']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli', 'E. coli']

answer: @entity526 :: (562,Species) :: ['Escherichia coli']


abstract: Primary @entity242 of the kidney in adults are rare. In the handful of published reports of all soft tissue @entity242 , DNA ploidy has correlated with histologic grade and outcome. This report presents the clinicopathologic and flow cytometric features of 17 cases of primary @entity8 (seven @entity1 and ten @entity1 , ages 28-69 years). Presenting symptoms included @entity615 and @entity811 . Stages at diagnosis were I, in three @entity1 ; II, five @entity1 ; III, two @entity1 ; and IV, two @entity1 . @entity5 were @entity1822 , two malignant @entity82 , one @entity2698 , one @entity1492 , and five unclassified. @entity5 measured 5.5 to 23 cm, seven contained marked nuclear pleomorphism, seven were extensively necrotic, and mitotic rate was 1 to 33 per 10 high-power fields. Seven @entity5 showed @entity2007 and five were diploid. Thirteen @entity1 were @entity66 after a mean of 23 months and two were alive with known @entity3 at 29 and 33 months, respectively. Ploidy pattern and outcome or time to death were not correlated, but @entity2007 correlated with histologic grade, marked nuclear pleomorphism (P less than 0.05), extensive @entity39 (p less than 0.01), and high mitotic rate (0.05 less than P less than 0.10). The authors conclude that although DNA ploidy does correlate with histologic grade, for primary @entity8 , whose prognosis in this series was extremely poor, it does not correlate with outcome.

title: Primary XXXX of the kidney. A clinicopathologic and DNA flow cytometric study of 17 cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal sarcomas', 'renal sarcoma']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrous histiocytoma']

entities_list: @entity2007 :: ('MESH:D000782', 'Disease') :: ['aneuploidy']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['dead of disease']

entities_list: @entity242 :: ('MESH:D012509', 'Disease') :: ['sarcomas']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Eight tumors', 'Tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity2698 :: ('MESH:D006393', 'Disease') :: ['hemangiopericytoma']

entities_list: @entity1492 :: ('MESH:D005354', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity615 :: ('MESH:D001416', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal and back pain']

entities_list: @entity1822 :: ('MESH:D007890', 'Disease') :: ['leiomyosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity811 :: ('MESH:D006417', 'Disease') :: ['hematuria']

answer: @entity242 :: (MESH:D012509,Disease) :: ['sarcomas']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The operative treatment of @entity179 combined with @entity170 increase following the epidemiological development. Studies have confirmed that screws in osteoporotic spines have significant lower-screw strength with more frequent screw movements within the vertebra than normal spines. Screws augmented with @entity4625 ( @entity4625 ) or with autogenous bone can offer more powerful corrective force and significant advantages. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 31 consecutive @entity1 with @entity179 combined with @entity170 who had surgery from December 2000. All had a minimum of 2-year follow-up. All @entity1 had posterior approach surgery. 14 of them were fixed with pedicle screw by augmentation with @entity4625 ( @entity4625 ) and the other 17 @entity1 with autogenous bone. Age, sex and whether smoking were similar between the two groups. Surgical time, @entity190 , blood transfusion, medical cost, post surgery ICU time, hospital day, length of @entity158 medicines taken, Pre-and postoperative @entity717 index questionnaire and surgical revision were documented and compared. Preoperative, postoperative and final follow up Cobb angle, sagittal lumbar curve, correction rate, and Follow up Cobb loss were also compared. RESULTS: No significant differences were found between the autogenous bone group and @entity4625 group with regards to all the targets above except for length of @entity158 medicines taken and surgery cost. 2 @entity1 were seen leakage during operation, but there is neither damage of nerve nor symptom after operation. No revision was needed. CONCLUSION: Both augmentation pedicle screw with @entity4625 ( @entity4625 ) and autogenous bone treating @entity179 combined with @entity170 can achieve a good surgical result. Less @entity158 medicines taken are the potential benefits of @entity4625 augmentation, but that is at the cost of more medical spending.

title: Comparison between two pedicle screw augmentation instrumentations in @entity179 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity4625 :: ('MESH:D019904', 'Chemical') :: ['polymethylmethacrylate', 'PMMA']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['degenerative lumbar scoliosis', 'adult degenerative scoliosis']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['oral pain']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['Oswestry disability']

answer: @entity170 :: (MESH:D010024,Disease) :: ['osteoporosis']


abstract: A recent meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies has identified six new risk-loci for common @entity28 . We studied whether these risk loci influence the distribution of body fat depots. We genotyped 1,469 nondiabetic subjects for the single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) @entity20903 @entity24533 , @entity23157 @entity27166 , @entity27167 @entity27168 , @entity21944 @entity27169 , @entity27170 @entity27171 , and @entity21303 @entity27172 . We assessed BMI, waist circumference, total body fat, and lean body mass (bioimpedance). All subjects underwent an oral @entity413 tolerance test (OGTT) for estimation of insulin sensitivity. In 332 subjects, we measured total adipose tissue (TAT), visceral adipose tissue (VAT), nonvisceral adipose tissue (NVAT), liver fat content, and intramyocellular lipids (IMCLs) using whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). In the dominant inheritance model, the risk alleles of @entity20903 @entity24533 and @entity27170 @entity27171 were nominally associated with higher BMI (P = 0.04, both). The risk allele of @entity20903 @entity24533 was additionally associated with higher waist circumference and total body fat (P <or= 0.03), the risk allele of @entity21303 @entity27172 with higher waist circumference (P = 0.05) and unexpectedly with lower BMI (P = 0.01). In the MR cohort, we found an association of the risk allele of @entity21944 @entity27169 with higher VAT (P = 0.009) and of @entity27167 @entity27168 with increased IMCLs (P = 0.03). After Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons (corrected alpha-level: P = 0.0085), none of the SNPs was significantly associated with measures of adiposity or body fat distribution (all P > 0.009, dominant inheritance model). Therefore, our results suggest that these new @entity28 SNPs, despite their influence on BMI, are neither associated with a metabolically unfavorable nor with a favorable body composition.

title: Novel XXXX risk loci do not determine distribution of body fat depots: a whole-body MRI/MRS study.

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obesity']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The filamentous ascomycete @entity8869 (anamorph @entity8869 ) is primarily known for its efficient enzymatic machinery that it utilizes to decompose cellulosic substrates. Nevertheless, the nature and transmission of the signals initiating and modulating this machinery are largely unknown. Heterotrimeric G-protein signaling represents one of the best studied signal transduction pathways in fungi. RESULTS: Analysis of the regulatory targets of the G-protein alpha subunit GNA1 in @entity8869 revealed a @entity505 source and light-dependent role in signal transduction. Deletion of gna1 led to significantly decreased biomass formation in darkness in submersed culture but had only minor effects on morphology and hyphal apical extension rates on solid medium. Cellulase gene transcription was abolished in Deltagna1 on cellulose in light and enhanced in darkness. However, analysis of strains expressing a constitutively activated GNA1 revealed that GNA1 does not transmit the essential inducing signal. Instead, it relates a modulating signal with light-dependent significance, since induction still required the presence of an inducer. We show that regulation of transcription and activity of GNA1 involves a @entity505 source-dependent feedback cycle. Additionally we found a function of GNA1 in hydrophobin regulation as well as effects on conidiation and tolerance of osmotic and oxidative stress. CONCLUSION: We conclude that GNA1 transmits a signal the physiological relevance of which is dependent on both the @entity505 source as well as the light status. The widespread consequences of mutations in GNA1 indicate a broad function of this Galpha subunit in appropriation of intracellular resources to environmental (especially nutritional) conditions.

title: Light-dependent roles of the G-protein alpha subunit GNA1 of @entity8869 (anamorph XXXX ).

entities_list: @entity8869 :: ('51453', 'Species') :: ['Trichoderma reesei', 'Hypocrea jecorina', 'H. jecorina']

answer: @entity8869 :: (51453,Species) :: ['Trichoderma reesei']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated individuals' language preferences for discussing @entity28 and @entity6426 . METHOD: @entity1 (N  =  817; 68.3% female) were an online community sample. They rated the desirability of terms related to @entity28 and @entity6426 , and also completed psychometrically established @entity1277 measures. In addition to examining @entity1 ' preferences, analyses explored whether preferences differed by socio-demographic variables, weight status and binge-eating status. RESULTS: Preferred @entity28 -related terms were weight and BMI, although @entity1 rated undesirable @entity28 -related terms even lower than did @entity1 . @entity1 with @entity28 and @entity6426 rated weight, BMI, unhealthy BMI and large size as less desirable than @entity1 with @entity28 but not @entity6426 . Binge-related terms were generally ranked neutrally; preferred descriptions were kept eating even though not physically hungry and loss of control. CONCLUSIONS: Preferred terms were generally consistent across sex, weight status and binge-eating status. Using terms ranked more preferably and avoiding terms ranked more undesirably may enhance clinical interactions, particularly when discussing @entity28 with @entity1 and individuals reporting @entity6426 , as these groups had stronger aversion to some non-preferred terms. Findings that the selected binge-related descriptions were rated neutrally on average provide support for their use by clinicians.

title: Words will never hurt me? Preferred terms for describing XXXX and @entity6426 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'Participants', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1277 :: ('MESH:D001068', 'Disease') :: ['eating-disorder']

entities_list: @entity6426 :: ('MESH:D002032', 'Disease') :: ['binge eating']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obesity']


abstract: 1. A Suc-APA-MCA hydrolytic activity was significantly decreased in @entity19 @entity6007 cells during @entity3733 -induced differentiation, but not in @entity3733 -resistant cells. 2. The Suc-APA-MCA hydrolytic enzyme was purified by ion exchange, adsorption, gel filtration and affinity chromotographies. The results of the chromatographies showed that only one enzyme hydrolyzed Suc-APA-MCA in @entity17506 cells. 3. This enzyme is more sensitive to hydrolysis by Suc-GPLGP-MCA than Suc-APA-MCA at slightly acidic pH, and its activity is stimulated by @entity6514 . 4. A @entity462 proteinase inhibitor did not affect the activity, but a specific inhibitor of @entity10783 endopeptidase, @entity27693 , completely inhibited it. These results suggest that the Suc-APA-MCA hydrolytic enzyme is identical to a @entity10783 endopeptidase.

title: Identification of an elastase-like activity, that decreased during the differentiation of @entity17506 cells, as a XXXX endopeptidase.

entities_list: @entity462 :: ('MESH:D003545', 'Chemical') :: ['cysteine']

entities_list: @entity27693 :: ('MESH:C062563', 'Chemical') :: ['Z-thioprothiazolidine']

entities_list: @entity6007 :: ('MESH:D004915', 'Disease') :: ['erythroleukemia']

entities_list: @entity6514 :: ('MESH:D008623', 'Chemical') :: ['2-mercaptoethanol']

answer: @entity10783 :: (CHEBI:26274,Chemical) :: ['prolyl']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity20702 is a ubiquitous fungus available as an insecticide. In @entity1 , it has limited virulence; to our knowledge, only 3 cases of invasive disease and 10 cases of @entity1036 have been documented. METHODS AND RESULTS: We report the first case of @entity20702 @entity1036 in a @entity1 with @entity2372 . The @entity364 proved to be highly resistant to topical @entity1449 . Molecular identification was based on DNA sequence analysis. The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) obtained were 2   g/mL for @entity5074 , 0.250   g/mL for @entity7143 , and >128   g/mL for @entity2380 ; @entity2379 MIC was >16   g/mL. In the absence of clinical improvement, a penetrating keratoplasty (PK) was performed. The @entity1 was discharged on topical and systemic @entity5074 and @entity617 40 mg PO/day. The eye remained calm with a transparent @entity267 and clear anterior chamber. CONCLUSIONS: @entity20702 @entity1036 is extremely rare, with only a few cases reported. Its risk factors are unknown. We report the first case in a @entity1 with @entity2372 , which proved highly resistant to antifungal therapy (antifungal susceptibility results are presented). A PK was necessary for clinical improvement. A review of the literature is performed in an effort to define therapeutic strategies.

title: @entity20702 XXXX in @entity2372 : antifungal sensitivity testing and management.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1449 :: ('MESH:D003022', 'Chemical') :: ['clotrimazole']

entities_list: @entity2379 :: ('MESH:D000666', 'Chemical') :: ['amphotericin B']

entities_list: @entity2372 :: ('MESH:C562399', 'Disease') :: ['aphakic bullous keratopathy']

entities_list: @entity1036 :: ('MESH:D007634', 'Disease') :: ['keratitis']

entities_list: @entity2380 :: ('MESH:D015725', 'Chemical') :: ['fluconazole']

entities_list: @entity20702 :: ('475271', 'Species') :: ['Beauveria bassiana', 'B bassiana']

entities_list: @entity364 :: ('MESH:D009181', 'Disease') :: ['fungal keratitis']

entities_list: @entity5074 :: ('MESH:C102790', 'Chemical') :: ['voriconazole']

entities_list: @entity7143 :: ('MESH:C101425', 'Chemical') :: ['posaconazole']

entities_list: @entity617 :: ('MESH:D011239', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisolone']

answer: @entity1036 :: (MESH:D007634,Disease) :: ['keratitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Contemporary theories predict @entity1005 development after @entity130 if @entity130 information is not adequately processed or negatively appraised. Mental imagery and emotional processing seem to be strongly related and evidence-based treatment strategies such as imaginal exposure and EMDR indeed include imagery as a main component. Moreover, imagery rescripting of traumatic memories is an effective treatment for @entity1005 . METHODS: The present study combined these lines of research and investigated the impact of early imagery rescripting on intrusion development after an aversive film. Seventy-six @entity1 were randomly allocated to one of three conditions: imagery rescripting (IRS), imagery reexperiencing (IRE) and positive imagery (PI). All @entity1 watched an aversive film, had a 30-min break and then received a 9-min intervention (IRS, IRE or PI). They indicated subjective distress during the intervention, recorded intrusive memories of the film for 1 week and completed the Posttraumatic Cognitions Inventory (PTCI) and a cued recall test one week later. RESULTS: The IRS group developed fewer intrusive memories relative to the IRE and PI groups, and less negative cognitions than the IRE group, while cued recall was enhanced in IRS and IRE groups compared to the PI group. IRS and PI groups experienced less distress during the intervention than the IRE group. LIMITATIONS: This is an analogue design and results should be replicated in clinical samples. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that IRS might be an adequate technique to change memory consolidation at an early stage and therefore a powerful and non-distressing strategy to prevent @entity1005 symptoms.

title: Reduced intrusion development after post- XXXX imagery rescripting; an experimental study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['trauma']


abstract: Localized @entity6223 (LJP) is a progressively destructive infection of the supporting tissues of the teeth, primarily affecting adolescents. In this disease, @entity1 ' polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) exhibit @entity393 (CTX) and decreased binding of the chemotactic peptide @entity14915 ( @entity5038 ) to specific receptors on the PMN surface. Since the @entity5038 is involved in the activation of the PMN, and its subsequent response to chemotactic stimuli, a decrease in the chemotactic peptide receptor, as seen in LJP @entity1 , is suspected to be a predisposing factor for this disease. To define differences in the @entity5038 between CTX defective LJP @entity1 and CTX normal donors, a battery of monoclonal antibodies reactive against the @entity5038 was prepared. The @entity5038 was affinity-purified, and was found to be comprised of two components, one of 68 kDa, and the other of 94 kDa. Only the 68 kDa component specifically bound a radioiodinated @entity5038 analogue in a photoaffinity experiment. Seven monoclonal antibodies were selected on the basis of their reactivity with the 68 kDa receptor component, and of these, 5 showed reduced binding against PMN from @entity3525 defective LJP donors when compared to their reactivity against PMN from CTX normal subjects. Two of the 7 anti-68 kDa antibodies reacted with PMN from both sets of subjects at a comparable extent. Furthermore, the presence of 20 nmol of @entity5038 inhibited the binding of 5 of the anti-receptor antibodies to whole PMN, including one that showed no difference in binding between CTX normal and defective PMN, and 4 of the 5 that did show such difference.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Antibodies directed to the chemotactic factor receptor detect differences between chemotactically normal and defective neutrophils from LJP XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity14915 :: ('CHEBI:53490', 'Chemical') :: ['N-formyl-l-methionyl-l-leucyl-l-phenyl-alanine']

entities_list: @entity6223 :: ('MESH:D010520', 'Disease') :: ['juvenile periodontitis']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['decreased chemotaxis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 factor alpha ( @entity310 ) blockade using infliximab, a chimeric anti- @entity310 antibody, is an effective treatment for both @entity1569 and @entity5144 ( @entity5144 ). OBJECTIVE: To analyse the early effects of infliximab treatment on serial skin and synovial tissue biopsy samples. METHODS: Twelve @entity1 with both active @entity1569 and @entity5144 received a single infusion of either infliximab (3 mg/kg) (n = 6) or placebo (n = 6) intravenously. Synovial tissue and lesional skin biopsy specimens were obtained at baseline and 48 hours after treatment. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed to analyse the inflammatory infiltrate. In situ detection of apoptotic cells was performed by TUNEL assay and by immunohistochemical staining with anti- @entity522 antibodies. Stained tissue sections were evaluated by digital image analysis. RESULTS: A significant reduction in mean (SEM) T cell numbers was found in both lesional epidermis (baseline 37 (11) cells/mm, 48 hours 26 (11), p = 0.028) and synovial tissue (67 (56) cells/mm(2)v 32 (30), p = 0.043) after infliximab treatment, but not after placebo treatment (epidermis 18 (8) v 43 (20), NS; synovium 110 (62) v 46 (21), NS). Similarly, the number of macrophages in the synovial sublining was significantly reduced after anti- @entity310 treatment (100 (73) v 10 (8), p = 0.043). The changes in cell numbers could not be explained by induction of apoptosis at the site of @entity32 . CONCLUSIONS: The effects of anti- @entity310 therapy in @entity1569 and @entity5144 may be explained by decreased cell infiltration in lesional skin and inflamed synovial tissue early after initiation of treatment.

title: Early effects of @entity5 necrosis factor alpha blockade on skin and synovial tissue in @entity1 with active @entity1569 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1569 :: ('MESH:D011565', 'Disease') :: ['psoriasis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Tumour necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5144 :: ('MESH:D015535', 'Disease') :: ['PsA', 'psoriatic arthritis']

answer: @entity5144 :: (MESH:D015535,Disease) :: ['psoriatic arthritis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Consumption of green tea has been associated with health benefits against @entity66 including @entity65 . However, the action mechanisms of green tea and its major ingredient @entity3089 ( @entity3090 ) against @entity65 are still unclear. Emerging evidence has suggested a common role for @entity1851 ( @entity1851 ) in the pathogenesis of @entity32 and @entity731 . Therefore, the effect of @entity3090 on @entity2178 ( @entity2178 )- and @entity650 ( @entity650 )-induced @entity1851 production in U937 macrophages and the possible mechanisms were observed. METHODS: U937 macrophages were cultured, and @entity2178 and @entity650 were used as stimulants for generation of @entity1851 . U937 macrophages were preincubated with @entity3090 at 1, 3, 10  M for 1 h prior to the stimulation. mRNA expression and protein level were determined by RT-PCR and ELISA, respectively. ROS production was observed by a fluorescence microscope. RESULTS: Pretreatment of macrophages with @entity3090 prior to the stimulation concentration-dependently inhibited @entity2178 - and @entity650 -induced expression of @entity1851 both in protein and mRNA levels. Meanwhile, @entity3090 reduced @entity2178 - and @entity650 -stimulated generation of ROS in macrophages. CONCLUSION: @entity3090 is able to inhibit @entity2178 - and @entity650 -stimulated @entity1851 expression in macrophages to produce an anti- @entity32 by interfering with ROS generation. The finding is helpful to update understanding of anti- @entity731 effects of @entity3090 .

title: @entity3089 inhibits XXXX and @entity650 -induced @entity1851 production in macrophages.

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['multiple diseases']

entities_list: @entity2178 :: ('183', 'Gene') :: ['angiotensin II', 'Ang II']

entities_list: @entity3089 :: ('MESH:C045651', 'Chemical') :: ['epigallocatechin-3-gallate']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis', 'atherosclerotic']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular diseases']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein', 'CRP']

answer: @entity2178 :: (183,Gene) :: ['angiotensin II']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: In @entity1 with @entity2916 ( @entity2916 ), associations between tuber number, @entity739 , and @entity73 have been proposed. We hypothesized that the tuber/brain proportion (TBP), the proportion of the total brain volume occupied by tubers, would be a better determinant of @entity410 and @entity73 than the number of tubers. We investigated tuber load, @entity410 , and @entity73 and their relationships. METHODS: Tuber number and TBP were characterized on three-dimensional fluid-attenuated inversion recovery MRI with an automated tuber segmentation program. @entity410 histories and EEG recordings were obtained. Intelligence equivalents were determined and an individual cognition index (a marker of cognition that incorporated multiple cognitive domains) was calculated. RESULTS: In our sample of 61 @entity1 with @entity2916 , @entity29020 was inversely related to the age at @entity410 onset and to the intelligence equivalent and tended to be inversely related to the cognition index. Further, a younger age at @entity410 onset or a history of @entity739 was related to lower intelligence and lower cognition index. In a multivariable analysis, only age at @entity410 onset and cognition index were related. CONCLUSIONS: Our systematic analysis confirms proposed relationships between tuber load, @entity302 and @entity73 in @entity2916 ( @entity2916 ), but also indicates that tuber/brain proportion is a better predictor of @entity73 than tuber number and that age at @entity410 onset is the only independent @entity73 . @entity410 control should be the principal neurointervention in @entity1 with @entity2916 .

title: @entity73 in XXXX is a multifactorial condition.

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'seizures', 'Seizure']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['determinant of cognitive function', 'cognitive impairment', 'cognitive function']

entities_list: @entity739 :: ('MESH:D013036', 'Disease') :: ['infantile spasms']

entities_list: @entity2916 :: ('MESH:D014402', 'Disease') :: ['tuberous sclerosis complex', 'TSC']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy']

answer: @entity2916 :: (MESH:D014402,Disease) :: ['tuberous sclerosis complex']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The prognosis after recurrence of @entity3052 ( @entity3052 ) is poor, and effective salvage regimens are urgently needed. METHODS: In phase 1 and pilot studies, the authors evaluated the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and dose-limiting @entity137 (DLTs) of a 5-day course of @entity8778 followed by @entity1945 in pediatric @entity1 with recurrent/refractory @entity3052 . The @entity8778 dose was escalated as follows: 9.1, 13.6, 16.3, and 19.5 mg/m(2) per day (8.9 mg/m(2) per day in the pilot study). Outcome was analyzed according to the absence (Stratum 1) versus presence (Stratum 2) of previous allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Twenty-six @entity1 (20 in Stratum 1 and 6 in Stratum 2) were treated. RESULTS: The MTD was not reached in Stratum 1, but a DLT occurred at the lowest @entity8778 dosage (9.1 mg/m(2) per day) in Stratum 2. @entity1398 was common in both strata. Nine (34.6%) of 26 @entity1 experienced a complete response, and 7 (30.4%) achieved a partial response; 5 (19.2%) were long-term survivors at the time of last follow-up. Clinical outcome was not associated with @entity8778 or @entity1945 systemic exposure. CONCLUSIONS: The combination was well tolerated in Sratum 1, and the response rate was encouraging. This regimen offers a postrecurrence treatment alternative for @entity1 , especially those who have received @entity4349 -containing chemotherapy.

title: Combination of @entity8778 plus @entity1945 for recurrent or refractory XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8778 :: ('MESH:D017338', 'Chemical') :: ['cladribine']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity4349 :: ('CHEBI:48120', 'Chemical') :: ['anthracycline']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['AML', 'pediatric acute myeloid leukemia']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['Febrile neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity1945 :: ('MESH:D019772', 'Chemical') :: ['topotecan']

answer: @entity3052 :: (MESH:D015470,Disease) :: ['pediatric acute myeloid leukemia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity2355 is a traditional biomarker for advanced @entity0 with limited sensitivity for early stage @entity1 . In order to increase the sensitivity for early detection, in this study, we introduced novel @entity5 -associated autoantibodies that were measured concurrently with serum @entity2355 to evaluate their diagnostic advantage in @entity0 . METHODS: We investigated a T7 @entity0 complementary deoxyribonucleic acid (cDNA) phage library for @entity5 -associated antigens using sera from normal and @entity0 @entity1 . Identified novel @entity5 -associated antigens phage proteins were then used to develop enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays to measure corresponding autoantibodies in 150 @entity0 , 150 normal, and 40 other @entity5 (non breast) patient serum samples. Meanwhile, the same samples were measured for @entity2355 concentrations. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to evaluate the predictive accuracies of single markers as well as combined markers. RESULTS: Sequencing analysis revealed that two phage-expressed proteins were within the open reading frame and had significant homology to proteins heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins F ( @entity30033 ) and ferritin heavy chain ( @entity14850 ). Autoantibodies against @entity30033 and @entity14850 alone were significantly higher in @entity1 than in control serum samples (P < 0.01), and the area under the curve for @entity30033 and @entity14850 alone was 0.73 and 0.69, respectively. However, when the two autoantibody biomarkers were analyzed in combination with serum @entity2355 values, the area under the curve increased to 0.93, and the optimal sensitivity and specificity became 89.3% and 93.8%, respectively. Further messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) analysis showed that @entity30033 and @entity14850 were significantly upregulated in @entity5 tissues. CONCLUSION: Our results indicated that combined serologic biomarkers of @entity5 -associated antigens with autoantibodies may improve the diagnostic accuracy of @entity0 .

title: Combined measurement of @entity2355 with novel autoantibodies improves diagnostic accuracy for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: The @entity8577 ( @entity8577 ) @entity95 reproduces @entity1 @entity753 due to a congenital @entity754 deficiency and is characterized by elevated serum LDL @entity165 levels and early @entity731 . We attempted to transplant normal allogeneic hepatocytes into @entity8577 @entity95 without chronic immunosuppression to cure the @entity11030 -deficient state. Livers from normal New Zealand White (NZW) @entity95 were digested by intraportal perfusion of collagenase solution. Pure hepatocytes (PH) were obtained by Percoll gradient separation and nonparenchymal (NP) liver cells by pronase digestion. PH and NP were incubated with @entity2822 -monoclonal anti-rabbit class I, anti-class II, and anti-T cell antibodies and subjected to flow cytometry analysis. PH and NP were also used as stimulators in one way mixed lymphocyte-hepatocyte cultures (MLHC), before and after ultraviolet B light (UVB) exposure. Intraportal and intrasplenic injection of allogeneic PH were also performed in homozygous @entity8577 @entity95 . PH were attached to collagen-coated dextran microcarriers (mc-PH) for intraperitoneal injection. Recipient control and transplanted @entity8577 @entity95 received a single dose of @entity205 subcutaneously (10 mg/kg/s.c.) at the time of transplantation. PH were mainly class I-positive (77.6%) and class II-negative (5.9%), while 31.5% of NP cells were class II-positive. In MLHC, PH did not stimulate proliferation, (stimulation index: 0.97 +/- 0.21), unlike NP (SI: 23.7). This latter response was abrogated by prior exposure of NP to UVB light. Intraportal injection of PH (n = 4) reduced serum LDL @entity165 to 60% of baseline, an effect lasting 2-3 weeks, and dose-dependent. Intraperitoneal mc-PH, 4 x 10(8) (n = 4), reduced serum LDL @entity165 levels to 45% of baseline more than 4 weeks posttransplant (P = 0.04). We conclude that transplantation of normal allogeneic NZW @entity95 mc-PH reduces serum LDL @entity165 levels in homozygous @entity8577 @entity95 without chronic immunosuppression. Longitudinal studies will establish if less @entity731 develops in mc-PH @entity8577 recipients than sham controls.

title: Hepatocyte transplantation for the XXXX -deficient state. A study in the Watanabe @entity95 .

entities_list: @entity754 :: ('3949', 'Gene') :: ['low-density lipoprotein receptor']

entities_list: @entity753 :: ('OMIM:143890', 'Disease') :: ['familial hypercholesterolemia']

entities_list: @entity95 :: ('9986', 'Species') :: ['rabbits', 'rabbit']

entities_list: @entity8577 :: ('MESH:D065627', 'Disease') :: ['Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic', 'WHHL']

entities_list: @entity2822 :: ('CHEBI:37926', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorescein isothiocyanate']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporine']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity11030 :: (100009086(Tax:9986),Gene) :: ['low-density lipoprotein receptor']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study was to estimate the prevalence, incidence and progression of @entity7291 and tooth level over a 3-year period in a sample of adolescents. The study also aimed to investigate age, gender and socio-economic influences. METHODS: @entity2681 was recorded three times with 1.5 years intervals in a sample of 622 @entity1 , aged 10-12 years at baseline. RESULTS: @entity2681 was present in 30.4% of the 11-year-olds, and 44.2% in 15-year-olds. Deep enamel or dentin was eroded in 1.8% of the 11-year-olds and in 23.8% of the 15-year-olds. Significantly more @entity1 than @entity1 showed @entity2681 as did @entity1 from a low socio-economic background compared with other @entity1 . The incidence of new tooth surfaces exhibiting erosion, in erosion-free @entity1 , decreased significantly with age, while the progression in @entity1 with erosion did not change. The incidence of @entity2681 in @entity2349 and lower first molars decreased significantly with age. In @entity2349 , a statistical significant relationship between SES and incidence was found, with lower incidences for higher SES. For first molars, only a relationship between gender and incidence was found, with a lower incidence for @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of new tooth surfaces exhibiting erosion, in erosion-free @entity1 , decreased significantly with age. In @entity1 with @entity2681 the condition progressed steadily. On tooth level the incidence decreased significantly with age for @entity2349 and lower first molars. There was a difference in influence of background variables on the incidence of @entity2681 between molars and @entity2349 .

title: Dynamics of XXXX in adolescents: a 3-year longitudinal study.

entities_list: @entity2681 :: ('MESH:D014077', 'Disease') :: ['tooth erosion', 'Tooth erosion']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'girls', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity2349 :: ('MESH:C537342', 'Disease') :: ['upper incisors']

entities_list: @entity7291 :: ('MESH:D009057', 'Disease') :: ['tooth erosion on both mouth']

answer: @entity2681 :: (MESH:D014077,Disease) :: ['tooth erosion']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The impact of @entity28 on ventricular remodeling after @entity583 ( @entity583 ) is still poorly understood. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the role of waist circumference (WC) and body mass index as predictors of @entity299 in @entity1 after an anterior @entity583 . METHODS: Eighty-three consecutive @entity1 with anterior @entity583 were prospectively evaluated. Clinical characteristics and echocardiographic data were analyzed at admission and at a 6-mo follow-up. Ventricular remodeling was defined as a 10% increase in left ventricular end-systolic or end-diastolic diameter at the 6-mo follow-up. RESULTS: In our study, 83 consecutive @entity1 were evaluated (72% @entity1 ). Ventricular remodeling was present in 31% of the @entity1 (77% @entity1 ). @entity1 with remodeling had higher @entity908 phosphokinase and @entity908 phosphokinase-MB peak values, a higher resting heart rate, a larger left atrial diameter, and a larger interventricular septum diastolic thickness. In addition, @entity1 with remodeling had lower peak velocity of early ventricular filling deceleration time and ejection fraction. @entity1 with remodeling presented higher WC values (with remodeling, 99.2    10.4 cm; without remodeling, 93.9    10.8 cm, P = 0.04), but there were no differences in the body mass index values. In the logistic regression analysis, WC, adjusted by age, gender, ejection fraction, and @entity908 phosphokinase levels, was an independent predictor of @entity5707 (odds ratio 1.067, 95% confidence interval 1.001-1.129, P = 0.02). CONCLUSION: Waist circumference, but not body mass index, is a predictor of ventricular remodeling after an anterior @entity583 . Therefore, the WC of these @entity1 should be measured in clinical practice.

title: Waist circumference, but not body mass index, is a predictor of ventricular remodeling after XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity908 :: ('MESH:D003401', 'Chemical') :: ['creatine']

entities_list: @entity5707 :: ('MESH:D020257', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular remodeling']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac remodeling']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'MI']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['anterior myocardial infarction']


abstract: This study aimed to explore the perceptions and experiences of swallowing difficulties in irradiated survivors of @entity189 ( @entity189 ). Qualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted with 60 post-irradiation @entity189 @entity1 after they had answered a set of self-report questions. The interviews were transcribed verbatim for analysis. Results of the self-report data showed that in response to a global question 'Do you have any swallowing difficulties?' eight-five per cent of the respondents reported a certain degree of difficulty. The qualitative interview findings, however, suggested that this figure might have been underestimated. @entity1 interpretations of swallowing difficulties had excluded part of the symptoms. Some respondents who claimed to have no @entity1282 , in fact, were suffering from oral retention of food bolus, regurgitation of food or liquids through the nose, and/or even choking. The risk of @entity1173 was generally neglected. Informants' concerns focused more on the threat of @entity5 recurrence, thus paid less attention to the radiation-induced swallowing complication. Respondents did not possess sufficient knowledge to judge their swallowing abilities at a general level. This study suggests ways to enhance @entity1 -provider communication and health education to improve @entity1 knowledge.

title: Perceptions and experiences of post-irradiation swallowing difficulties in nasopharyngeal XXXX survivors.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['nasopharyngeal carcinoma', 'NPC']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['difficulty swallowing']

entities_list: @entity1173 :: ('MESH:D053120', 'Disease') :: ['aspiration']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: Attentional bias towards threat is implicated in the etiology and maintenance of @entity148 . We examined the neural correlates of threat bias in anxious and nonanxious @entity1 to shed light on the neural chronometry of this cognitive bias. In this study, event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded while anxious (n=23) and nonanxious (n=23) young adults performed a probe-discrimination task measuring attentional bias towards threat (angry) and positive (happy) face stimuli. Results showed an attention bias towards threat among anxious @entity1 , but not among nonanxious @entity1 . No bias to positive faces was found. ERP data revealed enhanced C1 amplitude (   80 ms following threat onset) in anxious relative to nonanxious @entity1 when cue displays contained threat faces. Additionally, P2 amplitude to the faces display was higher in the anxious relative to the nonanxious group regardless of emotion condition (angry/happy/neutral). None of the ERP analyses associated with target processing were significant. In conclusion, our data suggest that a core feature of threat processing in @entity148 lies in functional perturbations of a brain circuitry that reacts rapidly and vigorously to threat. It is this over-activation that may set the stage for the attention bias towards threat observed in anxious individuals.

title: Enhanced neural reactivity and selective attention to threat in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['anxiety', 'anxiety disorders']

answer: @entity148 :: (MESH:D001008,Disease) :: ['anxiety']


abstract: Serial electrophysiologic studies were performed in 19 @entity1 with the atypical form of @entity4710 having a long RP and short PR interval. In all 19 @entity1 , @entity4710 was found to have a 1:1 P-QRS relation during initial control electrophysiologic studies, and in all 19 @entity1 , electrophysiologic studies suggested that junctional reentry was the mechanism of @entity4710 . Seven of the 19 @entity1 developed @entity713 during initiation of @entity4710 or after induction of @entity4710 following various drug administrations in subsequent studies. In three @entity1 , second degree block within the His bundle or block distal to the His bundle recording site occurred after administration of @entity5126 . In one @entity1 it occurred after @entity1818 , and in another @entity1 it occurred after @entity3897 . In one @entity1 , 2:1 block proximal to the His deflection occurred after @entity1855 . In the remaining @entity1 , a transient @entity616 proximal to the His deflection was noted after @entity855 . In this latter @entity1 , 2:1 @entity713 was also noted after @entity1169 and @entity6838 . The site of reentry in these seven @entity1 with @entity713 during @entity4710 was confined to the AV node area. Their @entity4710 did not involve a slowly conducting paraseptal accessory pathway because the distal AV node, His bundle and ventricle were not found to be necessary links in the @entity591 circuit.

title: @entity713 in the atypical form of junctional reciprocating XXXX : evidence supporting the atrioventricular node as the site of reentry.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1169 :: ('MESH:D011433', 'Chemical') :: ['propranolol']

entities_list: @entity713 :: ('MESH:D054537', 'Disease') :: ['AV block', 'atrioventricular (AV) block']

entities_list: @entity1855 :: ('MESH:D014700', 'Chemical') :: ['verapamil']

entities_list: @entity855 :: ('MESH:D000255', 'Chemical') :: ['adenosine triphosphate']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity5126 :: ('MESH:D011802', 'Chemical') :: ['quinidine']

entities_list: @entity3897 :: ('MESH:D001285', 'Chemical') :: ['atropine']

entities_list: @entity4710 :: ('MESH:D013617', 'Disease') :: ['supraventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity1818 :: ('MESH:D011342', 'Chemical') :: ['procainamide']

entities_list: @entity616 :: ('MESH:D006327', 'Disease') :: ['Wenckebach block']

answer: @entity591 :: (MESH:D013610,Disease) :: ['tachycardia']