abstract: PURPOSE: To analyze the patterns of recurrence and the prognostic impact of @entity43 ( @entity43 ) in a population of @entity1 with @entity14 ( @entity14 ) treated with curative intent. METHODS: Data from all consecutive @entity1 with @entity14 who underwent curatively intended complete @entity1104 ( @entity1104 ) plus intraperitoneal chemotherapy at our institution were retrieved from a prospective database. A bilateral oophorectomy or a complementary unilateral oophorectomy was systematically performed during @entity1104 . RESULTS: From 1994 to 2009, among 105 @entity1 who underwent @entity1104 plus intraperitoneal chemotherapy for @entity14 , 62 (60 %) had @entity43 . @entity1 with and without @entity43 had comparable peritoneal @entity5 index (PCI) scores (10 vs. 12, respectively, p = 0.09). After a median follow-up of 60 (range 5-145) months, median overall survival of @entity1 with @entity43 did not differ statistically from that of @entity1 without @entity43 (respectively, 36 and 40 months; p = 0.75). Relapses occurred in 82 % of the @entity1 , distributed similarly between the two groups except for retroperitoneal lymph node recurrence, which occurred in 19 @entity1 (18 %), including 18 with @entity43 . The only predictive factor for a retroperitoneal relapse was a history of @entity43 (p = 0.0012). CONCLUSIONS: Retroperitoneal lymph node recurrence seems to be linked to @entity43 originating from @entity14 and could worsen the prognosis. A systematic lymphadenectomy could be evaluated in @entity1 with isolated @entity43 or very limited peritoneal @entity189 to analyze the incidence of invaded lymph nodes and study its potential benefit on survival.

title: Ovarian metastasis is associated with retroperitoneal lymph node relapses in @entity1 treated for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['OM', 'ovarian metastases']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'Women']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomatosis']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal peritoneal carcinomatosis', 'colorectal cancer', 'CRPC']

entities_list: @entity1104 :: ('MESH:D000267', 'Disease') :: ['CRS', 'cytoreductive surgery']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal peritoneal carcinomatosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of oral @entity1140 in @entity1 with @entity29 ( @entity29 ) refractory to conventional therapy, including @entity500 , @entity4446 , and infliximab. METHODS: Retrospective review of all @entity1 with @entity29 treated with oral @entity1140 was undertaken. @entity1140 was administered t an initial dose of 0.05 mg/kg twice daily, aiming for serum trough levels of 5-10 ng/mL. We evaluated clinical response, a retrospective estimated @entity30 activity index (CDAI) for @entity30 ( @entity30 ), modified Truelove-Witts index for @entity31 ( @entity31 ), and modified pouch disease activity index (mPDAI) for @entity5042 . @entity1 had been monitored clinically for benefit and side effects and by whole blood @entity1140 level approximately every 4 weeks for the duration of treatment. Clinical remission was defined as an estimated @entity30 ( @entity30 ), an inactive disease score on the Truelove-Witts index ( @entity31 ), and mPDAI <5 ( @entity5042 ). RESULTS: Twelve @entity1 with @entity30 , six with @entity31 , and one with @entity5042 , all resistant to previous therapies, were treated for a median of 5 months. After 4 weeks 10 @entity30 (83%), four @entity31 (67%) @entity1 , and one @entity5042 @entity1 had a clinical response. There was a median reduction of the estimated CDAI of 108 points (range 35-203; P = 0.002) and stool frequency of three per day at week 4. Remission was achieved in 42% (5/12) of @entity30 and 50% (3/6) of @entity31 @entity1 at the end of follow-up. Side effects included temporary elevated @entity1011 (n = 1), @entity400 (n = 3), @entity4841 (n = 1), @entity22 (n = 1), and malaise (n = 1). Four @entity1 discontinued treatment due to side effects. CONCLUSION-: Oral @entity1140 is well tolerated and effective in @entity1 with refractory @entity29 in the short- to medium-term. Further controlled, long-term evaluation is warranted.

title: Medium-term results of oral XXXX treatment in refractory @entity29 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity500 :: ('MESH:D001379', 'Chemical') :: ['azathioprine']

entities_list: @entity5042 :: ('MESH:D019449', 'Disease') :: ['pouchitis']

entities_list: @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative colitis', 'UC']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel disease', 'IBD']

entities_list: @entity4446 :: ('MESH:D015122', 'Chemical') :: ['6-mercaptopurine']

entities_list: @entity4841 :: ('MESH:D018771', 'Disease') :: ['arthralgia']

entities_list: @entity1140 :: ('MESH:D016559', 'Chemical') :: ['Tacrolimus', 'tacrolimus']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ['CDAI <150', 'CD', "Crohn's disease"]

entities_list: @entity22 :: ('MESH:D007319', 'Disease') :: ['insomnia']

answer: @entity1140 :: (MESH:D016559,Chemical) :: ['tacrolimus']


abstract: 1. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of a platelet-activating factor (PAF) antagonist ( @entity3766 ; GB) on @entity4 , ion homeostasis, @entity1154 neurotransmitter disturbances in ischaemic penumbra and the neuroprotective mechanisms of the PAF antagonist. 2. Photochemically induced @entity5892 in tree shrews was used as the experimental model and changes in histopathology and the content of @entity1154 neurotransmitters (measured by a spectrofluorometer), water content (measured by a specific gravimetric method), @entity1372 and @entity460 (measured by an atomic absorption spectrophotometer) in the penumbra were observed. 3. Results show that content of @entity1063 (NA), @entity935 (DA) and @entity750 ( @entity750 ) decreased in the penumbra, while @entity750 metabolite @entity1130 , @entity1372 , @entity460 and water contents increased markedly (P < 0.01) after photochemical reaction. 4. In tree shrews treated with GB (5 mg/kg, i.v.) 6 h after photochemical reaction, cortical NA, DA and @entity750 contents recovered to control levels and water and @entity460 contents decreased significantly (P < 0.01). 5. The results suggest that @entity5567 may play an important role in inducing @entity460 overload, @entity4 and secondary @entity75 in penumbra and that GB produces its neuroprotective effects by inhibiting the pathological manifestation of PAF.

title: Experimental therapy of a platelet-activating factor antagonist ( @entity3766 ) on photochemically induced XXXX in tree shrews.

entities_list: @entity5892 :: ('MESH:D020767', 'Disease') :: ['thrombotic cerebral ischaemia']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['brain oedema']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain damage']

entities_list: @entity1130 :: ('CHEBI:27823', 'Chemical') :: ['5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid']

entities_list: @entity1154 :: ('CHEBI:25375', 'Chemical') :: ['monoamine']

entities_list: @entity3766 :: ('MESH:C045856', 'Chemical') :: ['ginkgolide B']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['5-hydroxytryptamine', '5-HT']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['noradrenaline']

answer: @entity5892 :: (MESH:D020767,Disease) :: ['thrombotic cerebral ischaemia']


abstract: Inter-individual variations to @entity1499 ( @entity1500 ) outcome have been attributed to different expression profiles of genes related to @entity1501 metabolism. To elucidate the mechanisms of variations to @entity1500 outcome, we investigated @entity9769 , @entity12838 , @entity16981 , and @entity7177 gene expression profiles by quantifying the mRNA level of the genes involved in @entity1501 metabolism to @entity1500 response in @entity5 cell line ( @entity10921 ). For this, three different concentrations of @entity1500 (0.25, 25, and 75  mol) were added separately in @entity10921 cell line for 24 h at 37   C. Apoptotis quantification was evaluated with @entity2822 -labeled @entity588 by flow cytometry. Real-time quantitative PCR technique was performed by quantification of gene expression with TaqMan   Gene Expression Assay. ANOVA and Bonferroni's post hoc tests were utilized for statistical analysis. The results showed that the numbers of apoptotic @entity10921 cells with 0.25, 25.0, and 75.0  mol of @entity1500 were 14.57, 77.54, and 91.58%, respectively. We found that the expression levels for @entity9769 , @entity12838 , @entity16981 , and @entity7177 genes were increased in cells with 75.0  mol of @entity1500 (p < 0.05). Moreover, @entity7177 gene presented lower expression in cells treated with 0.25  mol of @entity1500 (p < 0.05). In conclusion, our data suggest that @entity9769 , @entity12838 , @entity16981 , and @entity7177 genes present increased expression after the highest application of @entity1500 dose in @entity5 cell line. Furthermore, @entity7177 gene also presents decreased expression after the lowest application of @entity1500 dose in @entity5 cell line. Significant alterations of expression of these studied genes in cell culture model may give support for studies in clinical practice and predict interesting and often novel mechanisms of resistance of @entity1500 chemotherapy.

title: Alterations in the expression pattern of @entity9769 , @entity12838 , @entity16981 , and @entity7177 genes after treatment of @entity5 cells with high and low doses of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['laryngeal cancer']

entities_list: @entity2822 :: ('CHEBI:37926', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorescein isothiocyanate']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

answer: @entity1499 :: (MESH:D008727,Chemical) :: ['methotrexate']


abstract: @entity5799 ( @entity5802 , @entity5801 , @entity868 , @entity40004 ) and their @entity6845 metabolites are banned substances with antibiotic and anticoccidial activity. They are suspected to be carcinogenic and mutagenic. Since @entity5799 showed an inhomogeneous distribution and a rapid degradation in incurred muscle samples, plasma is the preferred target matrix for residue analysis. The analytical method of Polzer et al. [J. Polzer, C. Stachel, P. Gowik, Anal. Chim. Acta 521 (2004) 189] was adapted for liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry detection and was validated in house according to the Commission Decision 2002/657/EC. The method is specific for all @entity9110 except for @entity40004 and its metabolite, due to interferences at their retention times in chromatograms of blank plasma and reagents samples. The absence of a matrix effect enables the use of a (linear) calibration curve in solution for quantitation. The apparent recovery (obtained after correction with a deuterated internal standard) is between 93% and 123%, except for the metabolite of @entity868 (58-63%). The repeatability (CVr=2.49-13.39%) and intralaboratory reproducibility (CVRW=2.49-16.38%) satisfy the Horwitz equation. The obtained values for the detection capacity (CCbeta) range from 0.25 to 1 microg L(-1), while values obtained for the decision limit (CCalpha) are below CCbeta.

title: Validation of a method for the detection and confirmation of @entity5799 and the corresponding XXXX metabolites in pig plasma by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

entities_list: @entity868 :: ('MESH:D008795', 'Chemical') :: ['Metronidazole']

entities_list: @entity9110 :: ('CHEBI:67135', 'Chemical') :: ['nitroimidazole']

entities_list: @entity5799 :: ('MESH:D009593', 'Chemical') :: ['nitroimidazoles', 'Nitroimidazoles']

entities_list: @entity5801 :: ('MESH:D004131', 'Chemical') :: ['Dimetridazole']

entities_list: @entity6845 :: ('CHEBI:43176', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxy']

entities_list: @entity5802 :: ('MESH:D012385', 'Chemical') :: ['Ronidazole']

entities_list: @entity40004 :: ('MESH:D007491', 'Chemical') :: ['Ipronidazole']

answer: @entity6845 :: (CHEBI:43176,Chemical) :: ['hydroxy']


abstract: Both @entity13756 and @entity9491 are environmental contaminants. @entity13756 is a definitive thyroid disruptor, and @entity3494 may disrupt thyroid homeostasis via multiple pathways. To evaluate the effects of @entity12160 and @entity24808 on thyroid function and possible interactions between them, @entity3392 ( @entity3392 ) were exposed to @entity12160 (10 and 100 mg/L), @entity24808 (1 and 10 mg/L), and the mixture @entity12160 + @entity24808 (10 + 1 and 100 + 10 mg/ L) for up to 90 days. At day 10, 30, 60, and 90, fish were sampled and analyzed forthyroid histopathological end points including follicular cell height, follicle size, colloid size, colloid depletion, @entity1373 , and @entity7499 . Effects on epithelial cell height ( @entity1184 ) were seen as early as 10 days after exposure. @entity13756 induced changes in all parameters staring at 30 days of exposure. Prolonged @entity13756 exposure induced @entity7499 , a relatively new marker of @entity1374 . @entity24808 was less effective than @entity12160 in causing thyroid histopathologies, but transient responses were seen for @entity1184 , @entity1373 , and colloid depletion (% colloid). This is the first report of @entity9491 -induced effects on thyroid histopathology. However, because statistically significant effects were not consistently seen in all end points, evidence for @entity9491 as a thyroid disruptor remains equivocal. In general, the sensitivity of the following histopathological indicators for indicating thyroid perturbations is, in descending order: follicular cell height > percent of colloid area/follicle area > colloid area/follicular cell height > @entity1373 > @entity7499 > colloid area >follicle area = fish growth.

title: Thyrotoxicity of @entity24808 , @entity12160 , and their mixture in @entity3392 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity9491 :: ('MESH:C025657', 'Chemical') :: ['arsenate']

entities_list: @entity7499 :: ('MESH:D016510', 'Disease') :: ['angiogenesis']

entities_list: @entity12160 :: ('MESH:C031068', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium perchlorate']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity1373 :: ('MESH:D006965', 'Disease') :: ['hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity24808 :: ('MESH:C009277', 'Chemical') :: ['Sodium arsenate', 'sodium arsenate']

entities_list: @entity13756 :: ('MESH:C494474', 'Chemical') :: ['perchlorate', 'Perchlorate']

entities_list: @entity3392 :: ('7955', 'Species') :: ['Danio rerio', 'zebrafish']

entities_list: @entity1374 :: ('MESH:D013959', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid disruption']

answer: @entity3392 :: (7955,Species) :: ['Danio rerio']


abstract: A decline in podocyte number correlates with progression to @entity631 . A mechanism underlying reduced podocyte number is the podocyte's relative inability to proliferate in response to injury. Injury by the podocyte toxin @entity8424 (PA) is mediated via reactive @entity26 species (ROS). The precise role of ROS in the pathogenesis of PA-induced @entity631 remains to be determined. We sought to examine whether PA-induced ROS caused podocyte DNA damage, possibly accounting for the podocyte's inability to proliferate in response to PA. In vitro, podocytes were exposed to PA, with or without the radical scavenger @entity14455 ( @entity14455 ). In vivo, male @entity35 were divided into experimental groups (n = 6/group/time point): PA, PA with @entity14455 , and control, killed at days 1.5, 3, or 7. DNA damage was measured by DNA precipitation, apurinic/apyrimidinic site, Comet, and @entity7599 assays. Cell cycle checkpoint protein upregulation (by immunostaining and Western blotting), histopathology, and biochemical parameters were examined. DNA damage was increased in cultured podocytes that received PA, but not PA with @entity14455 . PA exposure activated specific cell cycle checkpoint proteins, with attenuation by @entity14455 . DNA repair enzymes were activated, providing evidence for attempted DNA repair. The PA-treated animals developed worse @entity644 and histopathologic disease and exhibited more DNA damage than the @entity14455 pretreated group. No significant apoptosis was detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated @entity1977 nick end-labeling staining. A mechanism underlying the lack of podocyte proliferation following PA-induced @entity130 and in vivo may be ROS-mediated DNA damage, with upregulation of specific cell cycle checkpoints leading to cell cycle arrest.

title: XXXX induces oxidant-dependent DNA damage in podocytes in vitro and in vivo.

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity7599 :: ('MESH:C040791', 'Chemical') :: ['8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity14455 :: ('MESH:C038983', 'Chemical') :: ['DMTU', '1,3-dimethyl-2-thiourea']

entities_list: @entity8424 :: ('MESH:D011692', 'Chemical') :: ['puromycin aminonucleoside']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague-Dawley rats']

entities_list: @entity631 :: ('MESH:D005921', 'Disease') :: ['glomerulosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['injury in vitro']

answer: @entity8424 :: (MESH:D011692,Chemical) :: ['Puromycin aminonucleoside']


abstract: Recurrent @entity5 after renal ablative therapy present a challenge for clinicians. New ablative modalities, including microwave ablation (MWA), have very limited experience in methods of retreating ablation failures. Additionally, in MWA, no long-term outcomes have been reported. In @entity1 having @entity5 recurrence, options for surveillance or surgical salvage must be assessed. We present a case to help assess radio-frequency ablation (RFA) for salvage of failed MWA. We report a 63-year-old male with a 4.33-cm renal mass in a solitary kidney undergoing laparoscopic MWA with simultaneous peripheral fiber-optic thermometry (Lumasense, Santa Clara, CA, USA) as primary treatment. Follow-up contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) scan was performed at 1 and 4.3 months post-op with failure occurring at 4.3 months as evidenced by persistent enhancement. Subsequently, a laparoscopic RFA (LRFA) with simultaneous peripheral fiber-optic thermometry was performed as salvage therapy. Clinical and radiological follow-up with a contrast-enhanced CT scan at 1 and 11 months post-RFA showed no evidence of disease or enhancement. Creatinine values pre-MWA, post-MWA, and post-RFA were 1.01, 1.14, and 1.17 mg/ml, respectively. This represents a 15% decrease in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (79 to 67 ml/min) post-MWA and no change in eGFR post-RFA. Local @entity703 recurrence often requires additional therapy and a careful decisionmaking process. It is desirable not only to preserve kidney function in @entity1 with a solitary kidney or @entity740 , but also to achieve @entity5 control. We show the feasibility of RFA for salvage treatment of local recurrence of a T1b @entity5 in a solitary kidney post-MWA.

title: Radio-frequency ablation helps preserve nephrons in salvage of failed microwave ablation for a XXXX in a solitary kidney.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'local tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['chronic renal insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity703 :: ('MESH:D007680', 'Disease') :: ['kidney tumor']

answer: @entity703 :: (MESH:D007680,Disease) :: ['renal cancer']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The objective of the current study is to determine the levels of @entity148 in @entity1 with @entity66 compared to healthy subjects and the degree of @entity148 in the different @entity66 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: It is a descriptive study of a case series where 152 @entity1 are selected, 20 of whom are healthy controls and the other 132 are @entity1 that attend a Dermatology clinic. The @entity1 are divided into 5 groups based on the @entity74 for which they attend the clinic: chronic @entity110 , acute @entity110 , @entity1569 , @entity483 , and a miscellaneous group (includes several diagnoses such as @entity24113 , follow-up of @entity189 ...) where, a priori, @entity148 does not influence these disorders. Spielberger State-Trait @entity148 Inventory (STAI) is administered to the participating subjects and the differences in State @entity148 Inventory (SAI) and Trait @entity148 Inventory (TAI) for the different groups are analyzed. @entity1 were asked to report any stressful event in the six months prior to the appearance of the disease that might have been a trigger, and they were also asked about history of @entity146 or @entity402 . RESULTS: We observed significant differences in the means obtained in SAI and TAI in healthy subjects compared to @entity1 . We obtained higher mean scores in SAI in @entity1 diagnosed of @entity483 , that were significant when compared with @entity1 with chronic @entity110 or other diseases. Forty-eight percent of @entity1 with @entity1569 and 38.89 % of @entity1 with @entity483 report a stressful event in the past six months compared to 11.54% of @entity1 from the group with miscellaneous diseases and, additionally, @entity1 with @entity1569 and @entity483 have the highest mean scores in the @entity148 tests. Twenty-one percent of the 132 @entity1 with @entity66 report a history of @entity146 , showing statistically significant higher mean scores in STAI. CONCLUSION: The findings show the comorbidity of @entity146 in @entity1 with chronic @entity66 and the high levels of state and trait @entity148 , mainly in @entity1 with @entity1569 and @entity483 .

title: [Influence of XXXX in diverse @entity66 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity483 :: ('MESH:D003876', 'Disease') :: ['atopic dermatitis']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['cutaneous diseases', 'dermatological diseases']

entities_list: @entity1569 :: ('MESH:D011565', 'Disease') :: ['psoriasis', 'plaque psoriasis']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric disorders']

entities_list: @entity24113 :: ('MESH:D017492', 'Disease') :: ['seborrheic keratosis']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['multiple nevi, carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['Anxiety', 'anxiety']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['cutaneous disorder']

entities_list: @entity110 :: ('MESH:D014581', 'Disease') :: ['urticaria']

answer: @entity148 :: (MESH:D001008,Disease) :: ['anxiety']


abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of @entity3251 ( @entity3251 ) and to assess the performances of prenatal and neonatal diagnoses. From 1994-2005, in Toulouse University Hospital, France, amniocentesis was performed on 352 pregnant @entity1 who were infected during pregnancy. All @entity1 were treated with @entity7912 and @entity4765 - @entity9230 when prenatal diagnosis was positive. Among the 275 foetuses with follow-up, 66 (24%) were infected. The transmission rates of @entity3204 were 7%, 24% and 59% in the first, second and third trimesters, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of PCR on @entity6703 ( @entity6703 ) were 91% and 99.5%, respectively. One case was diagnosed by @entity19 inoculation with @entity6703 and six cases were diagnosed by neonatal or postnatal screening. The sensitivity and specificity of PCR on placentas were 52% and 99%, respectively. The sensitivity of tests for the detection of specific IgA and IgM in cord blood was 53% and 64%, respectively, and specificity values were 91% and 92%. In conclusion, PCR performed on @entity6703 had the highest levels of sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of @entity3251 . This permits an early diagnosis of most cases and should be recommended.

title: Diagnosis of XXXX : prenatal and neonatal evaluation of methods used in Toulouse University Hospital and incidence of @entity3251 .

entities_list: @entity9230 :: ('MESH:D013413', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfadoxine']

entities_list: @entity7912 :: ('MESH:D015572', 'Chemical') :: ['spiramycin']

entities_list: @entity6703 :: ('MESH:D004619', 'Disease') :: ['amniotic fluid', 'AF']

entities_list: @entity3251 :: ('MESH:D014125', 'Disease') :: ['CT', 'congenital toxoplasmosis']

entities_list: @entity4765 :: ('MESH:D011739', 'Chemical') :: ['pyrimethamine']

entities_list: @entity3204 :: ('5811', 'Species') :: ['Toxoplasma gondii']

answer: @entity3251 :: (MESH:D014125,Disease) :: ['congenital toxoplasmosis']


abstract: We present detailed ophthalmic findings in a case of @entity1653 with @entity227 due to optic canal involvement. A 62-year-old Japanese @entity1 reported a 1-week history of @entity227 in her left eye. Her visual acuity was 0.3 in the left eye with no @entity854 . A relative afferent @entity2300 and @entity2194 were found in the left eye. Pattern visual evoked potentials were undetectable in the left eye. Enhanced magnetic resonance imaging showed a 9 mm intracranial lesion around the left optic nerve anterior to the chiasm. She was diagnosed with @entity32 because of the increased cell counts and protein concentration in the cerebrospinal fluid. She was treated with @entity134 pulse therapy, and her visual acuity and @entity227 improved to normal in 3 weeks. However, 16 months after the onset, she suffered from @entity10 and had a complete @entity1018 in her left eye. There was no response to @entity134 pulse therapy. Enhanced magnetic resonance imaging revealed that the lesion had extended into the left optic canal, and @entity5 removal surgery was carried out. The histopathological diagnosis was @entity1653 . One month after the surgery, her left visual acuity improved to 1.2, and her visual field was almost normal. Pattern visual evoked potentials were present but had a prolonged P(100) latency of 170 ms. A thinning of the ganglion cell complex was detected by optical coherence tomography. Ophthalmologists should be aware that a small @entity1653 can cause @entity227 due to optic canal involvement. Early consultation with a neurosurgeon is necessary. Visual evoked potentials and optical coherence tomography are sensitive and helpful in following @entity1 with @entity2850 .

title: Case of acute @entity2850 caused by XXXX with optic canal involvement.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['granulomatous inflammation']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual field defect', 'acute visual symptoms', 'headaches and blurred vision']

entities_list: @entity2194 :: ('MESH:D005128', 'Disease') :: ['inferior temporal field defect']

entities_list: @entity1018 :: ('MESH:D054062', 'Disease') :: ['loss of vision']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['emergency tumor']

entities_list: @entity2850 :: ('MESH:D009408', 'Disease') :: ['optic nerve compression']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['ophthalmoscopic abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity1653 :: ('MESH:D008579', 'Disease') :: ['tuberculum sellae meningioma', 'meningioma']

entities_list: @entity2300 :: ('MESH:D011681', 'Disease') :: ['pupillary defect']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headaches again']

answer: @entity1653 :: (MESH:D008579,Disease) :: ['tuberculum sellae meningioma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Scoliosis progression during adolescence is closely related to @entity1 @entity2175 . Maturity has various indicators, including chronological age, height and weight changes, and skeletal and sexual maturation. It is not certain which of these indicators correlates most strongly with @entity1635 progression. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate various @entity2175 measurements and how they relate to @entity1635 progression. METHODS: Physically immature @entity1 with @entity2112 were evaluated every six months through their growth spurt with serial spinal radiographs; hand skeletal ages; Oxford pelvic scores; Risser sign determinations; height; weight; @entity458 ; and serologic studies of the levels of selected growth factors, @entity53 , bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, and osteocalcin. These measurements were then correlated with the curve-acceleration phase. RESULTS: The period and pattern of curve acceleration began during Risser stage 0 for all @entity1 . Skeletal maturation scores derived with the use of the Tanner-Whitehouse-III RUS method, particularly those for the metacarpals and phalanges, were superior to all other indicators of @entity2175 . Regression of the scores provided good estimates of @entity2175 relative to the period of curve progression (Pearson r = 0.93). The initiation of this period occurred simultaneously with digital changes from Tanner-Whitehouse-III stage F to G. At this stage, curves also separated into rapid, moderate, and low-acceleration patterns, with specific curve types in the rapid and moderate-acceleration groups. The low-acceleration group was not confined to a specific curve type. CONCLUSIONS: The curve-acceleration phase separates curves into various types of curve progression. The Tanner-Whitehouse-III RUS scores are highly correlated with timing relative to the curve-acceleration phase and provide better @entity2175 determination and prognosis determination during adolescence than the other parameters tested. Accurate skeletal @entity2175 determination should be used as the primary @entity2175 measurement in @entity1 with @entity2112 .

title: Maturity assessment and curve progression in XXXX with @entity2112 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'girls']

entities_list: @entity1635 :: ('MESH:D012600', 'Disease') :: ['scoliosis']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['sexual staging']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['estradiol']

entities_list: @entity2112 :: ('MESH:C564593', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic scoliosis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['girls']


abstract: Deficient visuomotor tracking in @entity1 with @entity71 ( @entity71 ) has been described, but the specific influence of attention on this deficit has not yet been elucidated. The present study compares visuomotor tracking under different conditions of attentional loading in @entity1 with @entity71 with that of age-matched controls. A computerized visuomotor attentional tracking test that incorporated several levels of distraction was administered to 13 typical @entity1 . The same test, as well as a standard Matching Familiar Figures Test and the Proteus Maze test, was administered to 32 @entity1 with @entity71 and 21 control @entity1 . Significant differences between @entity1 with @entity71 and controls in visuomotor attentional tracking indices that relate to pacing and the accuracy of the tracking movements were observed under all levels of distraction. In parallel, a significant performance decrement was observed in all subjects once distraction was introduced. Discriminant analysis, based on the visuomotor attentional tracking test findings, resulted in correct classification of 92.3% of the typical @entity1 and 46% of the @entity1 with @entity71 . Significant correlations between Matching Familiar Figures Test latency, as well as errors and visuomotor attentional tracking indices, were noted among @entity1 with @entity71 when the visuomotor attentional tracking did not involve distraction. Under distraction, these correlations extended to the control group as well. In conclusion, visuomotor tracking appears to reflect the availability of attentional resources in general and is significantly affected by the presence of @entity71 in particular. These results have potential implications related to the evaluation of @entity1 with @entity71 on and off drugs.

title: Visuomotor tracking related to @entity71 ( XXXX ).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity71 :: ('MESH:D001289', 'Disease') :: ['attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder', 'ADHD']

answer: @entity71 :: (MESH:D001289,Disease) :: ['ADHD']


abstract: PURPOSE: To assess the interstudy variability of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) parameters of ventricular size and function in repaired @entity215 ( @entity215 ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity1 with @entity215 (n = 30, median age 23.5 years, 43% male) were enrolled prospectively. Each @entity1 underwent two consecutive CMR examinations on the same day. Each examination was analyzed for ventricular size and function by two observers and multiple comparisons were made with assessment of agreement using Bland-Altman analysis and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). RESULTS: Agreement for most measures of ventricular size and function was high when a single observer analyzed both studies. Agreement was worse when different observers analyzed sequential studies. This effect was most prominent on measurements of right ventricular (RV) mass and there was slight improvement when mass was measured during systole. Aside from ventricular mass, agreement was similar for RV and left ventricular (LV) parameters. CONCLUSION: CMR measures of ventricular size and function have acceptable repeatability across serial examinations in @entity1 with repaired @entity215 . Measurements of RV mass are subject to higher variability. For most parameters, agreement limits are wider when measurements are performed by multiple operators. These results will aid in the interpretation of study-to-study variations in the follow-up of individual @entity1 and in designing future clinical trials.

title: Interstudy variability in cardiac magnetic resonance imaging measurements of ventricular volume, mass, and ejection fraction in repaired XXXX : a prospective observational study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity215 :: ('MESH:D013771', 'Disease') :: ['TOF', 'tetralogy of Fallot']

answer: @entity215 :: (MESH:D013771,Disease) :: ['tetralogy of Fallot']


abstract: A 46-year-old @entity1 who presented with an unruptured left paraclinoid @entity439 was treated via endovascular embolization using Guglielmi detachable coils, obtaining its complete exclusion. Within 5 hours, the @entity1 developed a transient mild @entity10 and moderate @entity8408 . CT scans revealed a left temporal @entity63 area. Continuous transcranial Doppler monitoring was initiated. Eighteen hours after embolization, the @entity1 developed a mild @entity10 associated with a transient @entity909 , while the diastolic blood flow velocity decreased and the pulsatility index increased in the left middle cerebral artery. These changes prompted us to perform CT, which revealed a @entity510 . Angiograms demonstrated partial revascularization of the newly embolized @entity439 . The @entity1 underwent a second embolization procedure with additional coils for complete exclusion of the @entity439 . His postoperative course was uneventful, with no additional @entity51 . Although @entity12705 monitoring is not recommended as a routine procedure in such cases, and experimental studies are needed to evaluate the possible risk of rebleeding in this specific setting, it could be used to detect the hemodynamic consequences of an acute increase in intracranial pressure, as in @entity1 at risk of @entity510 after endovascular treatment.

title: Transcranial Doppler monitoring after embolization of an unruptured left paraclinoid XXXX led to detection of @entity510 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['subarachnoid hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity909 :: ('MESH:D014474', 'Disease') :: ['decrease in consciousness']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deficits']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity8408 :: ('MESH:D013064', 'Disease') :: ['speech difficulty']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

answer: @entity439 :: (MESH:D000783,Disease) :: ['aneurysm']


abstract: AIMS: To investigate the immunocytochemical expression of the @entity10922 ( @entity10922 ) on cytological specimens of @entity151 ( @entity151 ) and to establish its value in the cytological diagnosis of @entity2 . METHODS: For each case, the diagnosis was made on cytological specimens and confirmed on subsequent bronchial biopsy specimens. @entity10922 was detected immunocytochemically using the avidinbiotin complex technique with a rabbit antiserum. Expression of @entity10922 was evaluated in 41 cases of @entity151 and 17 cases of @entity4153 ( @entity4153 ). The latter were subdivided into eight cases of @entity420 and nine cases of @entity957 ( @entity957 ). RESULTS: Positive nuclear immunoreactivity to @entity10922 was identified in 38 (92.7%) of the 41 cases of @entity151 , in five (62.5%) of eight cases of @entity420 , and one (11%) of nine cases of @entity957 . A significant difference was observed between the two main groups, @entity151 and @entity4153 . A comparison between @entity151 and @entity420 and @entity957 showed that @entity10922 expression was significantly different. @entity10922 immunoreactivity was not detected in the inflammatory cells of the same cases. CONCLUSIONS: @entity10922 is strictly associated with @entity151 ; it was weakly expressed in the various subtypes of @entity4153 . Although @entity10922 is not specific for @entity151 , it can be used to highlight neoplastic cells to good effect when a large inflammatory component is present, and to differentiate @entity151 from lymphoid infiltrates.

title: Immunocytochemical expression of @entity10922 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity4153 :: ('MESH:D018288', 'Disease') :: ['NSCC', 'non-small cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity10922 :: ('7270', 'Gene') :: ['tissue specific transcription factor-1', 'TTF-1']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinomas', 'SCC']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity151 :: ('MESH:D055752', 'Disease') :: ['SCLC', 'small cell lung carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinomas', 'adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['lung carcinoma']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity354 is a major health problem in western industrial nations. Several prospective randomized studies showed the operative therapy of @entity354 superior to a steady medication with @entity4546 regarding recurrence rate as well as rate of side effects. The today most performed 360 degrees fundoplication (Nissen-Rossetti) leads in 10-30% to a persisting @entity86 . We prefer the anterior semifundoplication by @entity2911 . Aim of our study is to find out if our results are comparable to current literature and to open procedure. @entity1 : Between 1.1.03 and 30.6.05 one operator performed on 100 consecutive @entity1 (57 female, 43 male) between 29 and 86 years of age an anterior @entity2911 -semifundoplication with posterior hiatal repair. In 37 cases we performed a cholecystectomy simultaneously, on two @entity1 a sigmoid resection and in one case a left pancreatic resection. 52 @entity1 were re-evaluated after six months (median follow up nine months). RESULTS: Median operation time was 71 min (30-250 min). The learning curve showed a time reduction of initially 102 to 40 min in the last 10 cases. @entity190 was between 10 and 300 ml (median 40 ml). No conversion was necessary). As @entity3816 in one case the right pleural cavity was opened. @entity260 were found to be wound infection in one case and @entity293 in another. Postoperative stay was four days (2-19 d) and eight days respectively for @entity1 after sigmoid resection or left pancreatic resection. After median follow up of nine months 45 of 52 re-evaluated @entity1 (86%) were free of reflux symptoms, 47 (90%) were pleased or very pleased with the result of the operation. Four @entity1 felt at least a reduction of preoperative symptoms. CONCLUSION: The anterior @entity2911 semifundoplication is a technically easy and low risk procedure, which has a lower side effect rate than the 360 degrees operation and will heal 90% of the @entity1 from their reflux disease.

title: [Laparoscopic XXXX -hemifundoplication for therapy of @entity354 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['Blood loss']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative dysphagia']

entities_list: @entity354 :: ('MESH:D005764', 'Disease') :: ['Gastroesophageal reflux disease', 'GERD']

entities_list: @entity4546 :: ('MESH:D009853', 'Chemical') :: ['omeprazole']

entities_list: @entity293 :: ('MESH:D014552', 'Disease') :: ['urinary tract infection']

entities_list: @entity3816 :: ('MESH:D007431', 'Disease') :: ['intraoperative complication']

answer: @entity2911 :: (58476,Gene) :: ['Dor']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate three-dimensional (3D) digital subtraction angiography (DSA) as a supplement to two-dimensional (2D) DSA in the @entity34 ( @entity34 ) of @entity438 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: In 22 @entity1756 , neck visualization, @entity439 shape, and @entity34 feasibility were analyzed at 2D DSA (anteroposterior, lateral, and rotational views) and at @entity1213 ( @entity1213 ) and @entity11644 ( @entity11644 ) 3D DSA. The possibility of obtaining a working view for @entity34 at 3D DSA and the relevance of measurements in choosing the first coil also were assessed. RESULTS: Two-dimensional DSA images clearly depicted the @entity439 neck in four of 22 @entity439 ; @entity1213 images, in 10; and @entity11644 images, in 21, but @entity11644 led to overestimation of the neck size in one @entity439 . @entity439 shape was precisely demonstrated in five of 22 @entity439 at 2D DSA, in eight at @entity1213 , and in all cases at @entity11644 . In two of 22 @entity439 , @entity34 seemed to be nonfeasible at 2D DSA; however, @entity11644 demonstrated feasibility and @entity34 was successfully performed. In one @entity439 , only @entity11644 demonstrated the extension of the neck to a parent vessel, which was proved at surgery. Working views for @entity34 were deduced from 3D DSA findings in 20 of 21 @entity439 . The choice of the first coil was correct in 19 of 21 @entity439 . CONCLUSION: Three-dimensional DSA is valuable for evaluating the potential for @entity34 , finding a working view, and performing accurate measurements.

title: @entity438 : clinical value of 3D digital subtraction angiography in the therapeutic decision and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity34 :: ('MESH:D016609', 'Disease') :: ['EVT', 'endovascular treatment']

entities_list: @entity11644 :: ('MESH:C564120', 'Disease') :: ['SSD', 'surface shaded display']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial aneurysms']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms', 'aneurysm', 'Aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity1213 :: ('MESH:D012555', 'Disease') :: ['MIP', 'maximum intensity projection']

entities_list: @entity1756 :: ('MESH:D017542', 'Disease') :: ['ruptured aneurysms']

answer: @entity34 :: (MESH:D016609,Disease) :: ['endovascular treatment']


abstract: PURPOSE: To test the hypothesis that dual biochemical modulation of @entity1487 (FU) in combination with @entity1138 improves the survival of @entity1 with @entity788 . @entity1 AND METHODS: Eligibility included stage II or III unresectable @entity420 , performance status of 0 to 2, and adequate organ function. Treatment included FU 200 mg/m2/d via continuous intravenous infusion for 4 weeks followed by 1 week of rest; @entity4181 30 mg/m2 administered via intravenous bolus infusion on days 1, 8, 15, and 22, followed by 1 week rest; @entity1138 10 mg/m2 intravenous bolus infusion every 6 weeks for a total of four doses. @entity4341 75 mg was administered orally three times daily during the FU administration. RESULTS: Fifty @entity1 (median age, 61 years; 23 males, 27 females) with localized unresectable @entity788 were eligible for this trial. Twenty-seven @entity1 survived past 1 year for a 1-year survival probability of 54% (95% CI, 40% to 68%). Overall, the objective response rate was 26% (confirmed and unconfirmed) in the 47 @entity1 with measurable disease, with two complete responders. Six of the responding @entity1 underwent curative successful resection of the @entity5 . The most common @entity137 to treatment was @entity3136 . Three @entity1 had reversible @entity1381 . Five @entity1 experienced grade 4 @entity137 . There were no treatment-related @entity204 . CONCLUSION: Potential improvement in survival and resectability of localized unresectable @entity788 may be attained without radiation. The strategy of dual biochemical modulation of FU warrants additional investigation in a randomized fashion.

title: Phase II trial of infusional XXXX , @entity4181 , @entity1138 , and @entity4341 in locally advanced unresectable @entity788 : SWOG S9700.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity4181 :: ('MESH:D002955', 'Chemical') :: ['leucovorin']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer', 'pancreas cancer']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity3136 :: ('MESH:D013280', 'Disease') :: ['stomatitis']

entities_list: @entity1138 :: ('MESH:D016685', 'Chemical') :: ['mitomycin']

entities_list: @entity4341 :: ('MESH:D004176', 'Chemical') :: ['Dipyridamole']

entities_list: @entity1381 :: ('MESH:D006463', 'Disease') :: ['hemolytic uremic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma of the pancreas']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorouracil']

answer: @entity1487 :: (MESH:D005472,Chemical) :: ['fluorouracil']


abstract: 1. The @entity1 colonic epithelium carries out a number of different transporting activities simultaneously, of which more than one is increased following activation with a single agonist. These separate activities can be quantified by solving a set of equations describing these activities, provided some of the dependent variables can be eliminated. Using variations in the experimental conditions, blocking drugs and comparing wild type tissues with those from transgenic animals this has been achieved for electrogenic ion transporting activity of the @entity19 colon. 2. Basal activity and that following activation with @entity1928 was measured by short circuit current in isolated @entity19 colonic epithelia from normal and @entity1577 ( @entity1577 ) @entity19 . 3. Using @entity6478 it is shown that @entity1577 colons show increased electrogenic @entity1372 absorption compared to wild type tissues. @entity1577 @entity19 had elevated plasma @entity1369 , which may be responsible for part or all of the increased @entity1372 absorbtion in @entity1577 colons. 4. The derived values for electrogenic @entity2865 secretion and for electrogenic @entity972 secretion were increased by 13 and 3 fold respectively by @entity1928 , compared to basal state values for these processes. 5. The loop diuretic, @entity1483 , completely inhibited electrogenic @entity972 secretion, but apparently only partially inhibited electrogenic @entity2865 secretion. However, use of @entity3157 -free solutions and @entity3791 reduced the @entity1483 -resistant current, suggesting that electrogenic @entity3157 secretion accounts for the @entity1483 -resistant current. 6. It is argued that the use of tissues from transgenic animals is an important adjunct to pharmacological analysis, especially where effects in tissues result in the activation of more than one sort of response.

title: Formal analysis of electrogenic @entity1372 , XXXX , @entity2865 and @entity3157 transport in @entity19 colon epithelium.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

entities_list: @entity1369 :: ('MESH:D000450', 'Chemical') :: ['aldosterone']

entities_list: @entity3791 :: ('MESH:D000086', 'Chemical') :: ['acetazolamide']

entities_list: @entity6478 :: ('MESH:D000584', 'Chemical') :: ['amiloride']

entities_list: @entity1483 :: ('MESH:D005665', 'Chemical') :: ['frusemide']

entities_list: @entity3157 :: ('CHEBI:17544', 'Chemical') :: ['bicarbonate']

entities_list: @entity2865 :: ('CHEBI:17996', 'Chemical') :: ['chloride']

entities_list: @entity1577 :: ('MESH:D003550', 'Disease') :: ['CF', 'cystic fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity1928 :: ('MESH:D005576', 'Chemical') :: ['forskolin']

answer: @entity972 :: (MESH:D011188,Chemical) :: ['potassium']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) for the removal of bileduct stones is associated with acute complications and a permanent loss of biliary-sphincter function. @entity384 ( @entity384 ) causes less @entity130 to the biliary sphincter, but may be less effective in allowing stone removal. METHODS: 218 consecutive @entity1 with bileduct stones on endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) were enrolled. 202 who met all eligibility criteria were randomly assigned EST or @entity384 . The @entity1 were observed in hospital for at least 24 h and followed up at 1 month and 6 months. Complications were classified by an expert panel unaware of treatment allocation and outcome. Analysis was done by intention to treat. FINDINGS: After a single ERCP, all stones were removed from 92 (91%) of 101 @entity1 assigned EST and 90 (89%) of 101 assigned @entity384 (p = 0.81); in nine of the latter, successful removal required additional EST. Mechanical lithotripsy was used to fragment stones in 31 @entity384 procedures and 13 EST procedures (p < 0.005). Early complications (before 15 days) occurred in 24 EST @entity1 and 17 @entity384 @entity1 (p = 0.29). One @entity1 died of retroperitoneal perforation after @entity384 . Four @entity1 had @entity548 after EST. Seven @entity1 in each group had @entity788 . Complications during follow-up occurred in 23 EST @entity1 and 18 @entity384 @entity1 (p = 0.48). Acute @entity2679 was observed in seven EST @entity1 and one @entity384 @entity1 (p < 0.05). INTERPRETATION: The success rate of @entity384 was similar to that of EST. We found there is no evidence of the previously suggested higher risk of @entity788 with @entity384 and suggest that @entity384 is preferred in @entity1 at risk of @entity548 after EST. Preservation of biliary-sphincter function after @entity384 may prevent long-term complications and reduce the risk of acute @entity2679 during follow-up. This procedure is a valuable alternative to EST in @entity1 with bileduct stones.

title: Randomised trial of XXXX versus endoscopic sphincterotomy for removal of bileduct stones.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['EBD', 'Endoscopic balloon dilation']

entities_list: @entity2679 :: ('MESH:D002764', 'Disease') :: ['cholecystitis']

answer: @entity384 :: (MESH:D002311,Disease) :: ['endoscopic balloon dilation']


abstract: BACKGROUND: T-wave morphology in the setting of @entity714 ( @entity714 ) has been proposed as an indicator of @entity741 . OBJECTIVES: We sought to identify T-wave morphology findings in @entity1 with @entity714 that predict @entity583 ( @entity583 ). We hypothesized that two or more contiguous leads with concordant T waves would be predictive of @entity583 . METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study performed by chart review in a tertiary care center emergency department. We identified a consecutive cohort who presented with @entity714 and symptoms consistent with @entity1187 . Exclusion criteria were diastolic blood pressure > 120  mm Hg, heart rate > 130 beats/min, positive pressure ventilation, @entity972 > 5.5 mEq/L, and @entity1167 without prearrest electrocardiogram (ECG) available. We collected ECGs and classified T  waves into five categories based on morphology, blinded to clinical outcome. Clinical outcome data were collected blinded to ECG findings. Those with ECG diagnostic of STEMI by modified Sgarbossa criteria were excluded from the primary analysis, which was sensitivity and specificity of two or more contiguous leads with concordant T  waves for @entity583 . RESULTS: There were 246 @entity1 included. Mean age was 73  years; 160 (65%) were female, and 32 had @entity583 . Thirty percent had two or more contiguous precordial leads with partially or completely concordant T waves. For @entity583 , the sensitivity and specificity of this finding were 19% (95% confidence interval [CI] 8-37) and 68% (95% CI 61-74). CONCLUSIONS: We found no clinically useful relationship between T-wave concordance and @entity583 in  our @entity1 population. Future investigation of @entity714 T-wave morphology should focus on alternative populations and findings.

title: Evaluation of T-Wave Morphology in @entity1 With XXXX and Suspected @entity1187 .

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['acute coronary syndrome']

entities_list: @entity714 :: ('MESH:D002037', 'Disease') :: ['left bundle branch block', 'LBBB']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial ischemia']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['NSTEMI', 'non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction', 'myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrest']

answer: @entity714 :: (MESH:D002037,Disease) :: ['Left Bundle Branch Block']


abstract: PURPOSE: A case of @entity2298 -induced acute @entity788 that was managed with insulin and heparin is reported. SUMMARY: A 39-year-old Hispanic @entity1 arrived at the emergency department with complaints of @entity490 , @entity1209 over one day. A computed tomography scan of the abdomen revealed peripancreatic inflammatory changes surrounding the tail of the pancreas, consistent with @entity788 . Pertinent laboratory test values on admission were as follows: @entity412 concentration, 5366 mg/dL; total @entity165 concentration, 555 mg/dL; amylase concentration, 131 units/L; lipase concentration, 51 units/L; serum @entity413 concentration, 253 mg/dL; and serum @entity1372 concentration, 128 mmol/L. The @entity1 was diagnosed with @entity2298 -induced @entity788 . On hospital day 1, the @entity1 was given nothing by mouth and received a 1-L bolus dose of 0.9% @entity2827 injection, followed by a continuous infusion of 0.9% @entity2827 injection at a rate of 125 mL/hr. Subcutaneous heparin 5000 units every eight hours, sliding-scale regular insulin, and @entity8445 600 mg twice daily were initiated. On hospital day 2, the @entity1 's @entity412 concentration decreased to 2962 mg/dL, and his blood @entity413 concentration was 147 mg/dL. Subcutaneous insulin detemir 25 units daily was ordered, and sliding-scale insulin was continued. Due to continued elevated @entity412 levels, the @entity1 was transitioned from subcutaneous insulin to an i.v. insulin infusion at 0.1 unit/kg/hr in addition to an infusion of 5% @entity413 . On hospital day 5, the @entity1 's @entity412 concentration decreased to 717 mg/dL; the insulin-dextrose infusion was discontinued. The @entity1 was discharged on hospital day 6. CONCLUSION: A 39-year-old @entity1 with @entity788 caused by severe @entity2298 was treated with a continuous insulin infusion and subcutaneous heparin.

title: XXXX -induced acute @entity788 treated with insulin and heparin.

entities_list: @entity2298 :: ('MESH:D015228', 'Disease') :: ['hypertriglyceridemia']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity8445 :: ('MESH:D015248', 'Chemical') :: ['gemfibrozil']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity2827 :: ('MESH:D012965', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium chloride']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose', 'dextrose']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

entities_list: @entity1209 :: ('MESH:D020250', 'Disease') :: ['nausea, and vomiting']

answer: @entity2298 :: (MESH:D015228,Disease) :: ['Hypertriglyceridemia']


abstract: PURPOSE: The long-term results of partial nephrectomy for unilateral @entity703 in @entity1 with a normal contralateral kidney are presented. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 70 @entity1 with incidentally discovered @entity703 underwent partial nephrectomy between 1979 and 1997. End points were local recurrence-free and disease-free survival. RESULTS: Median followup was 10 years (range 1 to 19). Of the 70 @entity1 69 (98.5%) had no local recurrence and 68 (97%) survived free of @entity3 . Overall survival was 93%. Two @entity1 died of metastatic @entity703 and 3 died of other causes. Average @entity5 size was 3 cm. and most lesions (94%) were stage T1 or T2. CONCLUSIONS: Partial nephrectomy achieves the long-term local control and cure of small @entity703 in @entity1 with a normal contralateral kidney.

title: Partial nephrectomy for unilateral XXXX and a normal contralateral kidney: 10-year followup.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity703 :: ('MESH:D007680', 'Disease') :: ['kidney cancer', 'renal carcinoma', 'renal tumors']

answer: @entity703 :: (MESH:D007680,Disease) :: ['renal carcinoma']


abstract: Resistance to endocrine therapy is a major @entity0 and studies of the biological features of hormonal resistance are limited by the lack of adequate preclinical models. The aim of this study is to establish and characterize a panel of primary @entity1 luminal @entity0 xenografts, and to evaluate their response to endocrine therapies. Four hundred and twenty-three @entity5 fragments obtained directly from @entity1 have been grafted in the interscapular fatpad of Swiss @entity19 . After stable engraftment with @entity53 supplementation, xenografted @entity5 have been validated by conventional pathology and immunohistochemistry examination, and additional molecular studies. In vivo @entity5 growth and response to different endocrine treatments were evaluated. We have engrafted 423 @entity5 including 314 ER+ @entity5 , and 8 new luminal breast cancer xenografts have been obtained (2.5%). @entity5 take was much lower for luminal @entity5 than for @entity5 (2.5 vs. 24.7%, P < 0.0001), and was associated with two independent criteria, i.e., ER status (P < 0.0001) and a high grade @entity5 (P = 0.05). Histological and immunohistochemical analyses performed on @entity1 's @entity5 and xenografts showed striking similarities in the @entity5 morphology as well as in the expression level of ER, PR, and @entity1722 . Response to hormone therapy, evaluated in 6 luminal models, showed different sensitivities, thus exhibiting heterogeneity similar to what is observed in the clinic. We have established a panel of primary @entity1 luminal breast cancer xenografts, recapitulating the biological and clinical behaviors of @entity1 @entity5 , and therefore suitable for further preclinical experiments.

title: Modeling of response to endocrine therapy in a panel of XXXX luminal breast cancer xenografts.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast carcinoma', 'complication of luminal breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'non-luminal tumors', 'Tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['estradiol']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To validate pathologically whether supracricoid partial laryngectomy is an oncologically sound procedure in cases with invasion of the thyroid cartilage, paraglottic space, pre-epiglottic space, anterior commissure, or subglottis. DESIGN: A retrospective review of case notes was performed. SETTING: @entity1 treated at a single institute in the Republic of Korea. @entity1 : Sixty-three @entity1 who underwent supracricoid partial laryngectomy for @entity957 between June 1994 and May 2005 who were followed for at least 2 years. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Local control and overall survival rates. Pathological invasion of the thyroid cartilage, anterior commissure, pre-epiglottic space, paraglottic space, or subglottis was also investigated as a cause of recurrence. Prognostic factors for local control and survival were evaluated with univariate and multivariate models. RESULTS: Invasion of the anterior commissure, paraglottic space, thyroid cartilage, pre-epiglottic space, or subglottis had no significant impact on the recurrence or overall survival rates. The presence of a positive resection margin was significantly associated with recurrence in the univariate and multivariate analyses (P = 0.026, 0.028, respectively). When considering the prognostic factors influencing survival, the univariate analysis showed that N stage, a positive resection margin and recurrence had significant influences on the overall survival rate (P = 0.010, 0.0004 and 0.000 respectively). In the multivariate analysis, only recurrence affected the survival rate (P = 0.002). CONCLUSION: Supracricoid partial laryngectomy can be used with oncological safety in selected cases of @entity5 with invasion of the anterior commissure, thyroid cartilage, pre-epiglottic space, paraglottic space, or subglottis.

title: Pathological validation of supracricoid partial laryngectomy in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['laryngeal cancer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['laryngeal cancer']


abstract: Here we aimed to define keratometric and refractive @entity940 in a series of @entity1 who underwent phacoemulsification, using small corneal incision and implantation of foldable intraocular lenses. Furthermore, we compared keratometric @entity940 and refractive @entity940 of the @entity1 both before and after surgery. We performed a follow-up study of @entity1 with newly diagnosed @entity231 before and after phacoemulsification surgery. Eighty eyes from 78 @entity1 with a mean age of 62.9      12.03 (32-86) years were studied. Thirty-nine (48.8  %) were male and 41(51.2  %) were female. All subjects underwent 3.5  mm corneal incision with the temporal (75 @entity1 ; 94  %) or superior (5 @entity1 ; 6  %) approach. The @entity1 were followed for a mean of 74.21      71.25 (30-400) days. @entity1 had higher values of keratometric measurements after surgery compared to those before surgery [45.81      0.11 (45.06-45.94) vs. 45.2      0.20 (44.6-45.41)] (p  <  0.001). There was no significant difference in the keratometric @entity940 , refractive @entity940 and keratometry axis pre- and postoperatively. The mean keratometric @entity940 was 0.9      0.54 (0.00-4.00) diopters (D) preoperatively and 0.93      0.45 (0.00-4.00) D postoperatively (p  =  0.444). The keratometric axis was 97.7      9.4 preoperatively and 115      15.8 postoperatively (p  =  0.185). Refractive @entity940 was 1.15      0.77 (5-180) with the refractive axis of 89.7      5.89 (5-180) degrees in the follow-up (p  =  0.752). Ninety percent of the @entity1 had <1.00 D difference in the keratometric and refractive @entity940 , postoperatively. In conclusion while there is no significant difference in postoperative keratometric and refractive @entity940 in most of the eyes, about 10  % show >1 D difference in these measurements.

title: @entity940 and refractive XXXX after phacoemulsification and foldable intraocular lens implantation.

entities_list: @entity940 :: ('MESH:D001251', 'Disease') :: ['astigmatism']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

answer: @entity940 :: (MESH:D001251,Disease) :: ['astigmatism']


abstract: Evaluation of the age related prevalence of persistent @entity1643 has been estimated to be consistently higher in the elderly compared to the younger population. @entity2720 have been shown to be the cause of @entity1643 in 15% to 45% of the @entity1 in controlled studies. Prevalence of facet joint @entity158 has not been studied in the elderly. The study population consisted of 100 @entity1 . Group I consisted of 50 @entity1 that were 64 years of age or younger. Group II consisted of 50 @entity1 65 years of age or older. The @entity1 were randomly allocated into 1 of the 2 groups. @entity2720 were investigated with diagnostic blocks initially using @entity3303 1% followed by @entity1341 0.25%, usually 2 weeks apart. The prevalence of facet joint @entity158 was determined to be 30% in the adults and 52% in the elderly, which was significantly higher with a false positive rate of 26% in adults and 33% in the elderly. In conclusion, the results of this study show that facet joint @entity158 is a significant problem in all @entity1 suffering with @entity1643 with the prevalence of 52% in the elderly and 30% in adults.

title: Role of facet joints in XXXX in the elderly: a controlled comparative prevalence study.

entities_list: @entity1643 :: ('MESH:D017116', 'Disease') :: ['chronic low back pain', 'low back pain']

entities_list: @entity1341 :: ('MESH:D002045', 'Chemical') :: ['bupivacaine']

entities_list: @entity3303 :: ('MESH:D008012', 'Chemical') :: ['lidocaine']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['mediated pain']

entities_list: @entity2720 :: ('MESH:D007592', 'Disease') :: ['Facet joints']

answer: @entity1643 :: (MESH:D017116,Disease) :: ['chronic low back pain']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Phase I multicenter study defined the maximal tolerated dose (MTD), dose-limiting @entity137 (DLT) and safety profile of @entity416 in combination with preoperative radiation for @entity1 with locally advanced @entity5 (LARC). MATERIAL AND METHOD: @entity1 were treated with oral @entity416 (700, 800, 900, 1000, 1100 and 1200 mg/m2 twice daily continuously) plus preoperative whole pelvic irradiation (45-46 Gy in 23-25 fractions over 5-6 weeks). Surgery was performed at the median of 42 days after chemoradiation treatment. RESULTS: Twenty-seven @entity1 were in this trial. Eighteen @entity1 (3 per dose level) had received @entity416 from 700 mg/m2 twice daily to the highest dose level of 1200 mg/m2 twice daily. There were no grade 3/4 DLTs during dose escalation, a further nine @entity1 were included at the highest @entity416 dose. Two of the twelve @entity1 (16%) receiving @entity416 1200 mg/m2 twice daily developed grade 3 @entity294 and discontinued treatment. There were no other grade 3/4 adverse events. After @entity416 chemoradiation, 24 of 27 @entity1 (89%) received definite surgery. Primary and lymph node down staging occurred in ten @entity1 (42%). Sphincter-sparing surgery was performed in seven @entity1 (26%) and abdominal-perineal resection was performed in 17 @entity1 (63%). CONCLUSION: Preoperative @entity416 chemoradiation based on continuous daily @entity416 is very well tolerated in @entity1 with LARC. The authors did not reach the MTD in the present study.

title: Preoperative @entity416 with pelvic radiotherapy for locally advanced XXXX (phase I trial).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity416 :: ('MESH:C110904', 'Chemical') :: ['capecitabine']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['rectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['rectal cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the most common forms of childhood @entity5971 . DESIGN: Prospective, consecutive, observational case series. @entity1 : All esotropic @entity1 younger than 11 years of age from a predominantly rural Appalachian region evaluated from August 1, 1995 through July 31, 1998. METHODS: Demographic and clinical data were collected for all @entity1 . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The percentage ratio of the various forms of childhood @entity5971 . RESULTS: Two hundred twenty-one consecutive @entity1 without prior surgical treatment were evaluated for @entity5971 . One hundred seventeen (52.9%) of the 221 @entity1 had some form of accommodative @entity5971 , 38 (17.2%) were associated with congenital or acquired @entity3002 , 23 (10.4%) displayed acquired nonaccommodative @entity5971 , 15 (6.8%) resulted from ocular sensory defects, 12 (5.4%) had confirmed @entity5971 , seven (3.2%) had @entity5971 , and an unverified age at onset prevented an accurate categorization in the remaining nine (4.1%). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with accommodative @entity5971 accounted for more than half of the study @entity1 and were diagnosed nearly 10 times more frequently than @entity1 with @entity5971 . Esotropic @entity1 with @entity149 or with an acquired nonaccommodative deviation were also more common than @entity1 with @entity5971 . @entity1 with @entity5971 or with a @entity8442 or sensory cause of their deviation were relatively uncommon.

title: Common forms of childhood XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'Children', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity8442 :: ('MESH:D007418', 'Disease') :: ['paralytic']

entities_list: @entity149 :: ('MESH:D002493', 'Disease') :: ['central nervous system defects']

entities_list: @entity5971 :: ('MESH:D004948', 'Disease') :: ['congenital esotropia', 'paralytic esotropia', 'esotropia']

entities_list: @entity3002 :: ('MESH:D009421', 'Disease') :: ['abnormalities of the central nervous system']

answer: @entity5971 :: (MESH:D004948,Disease) :: ['esotropia']


abstract: The @entity1 @entity2228 transporter type 2 ( @entity25058 ) was cloned from a spinal cord cDNA library using PCR-based methodologies. The isolated sequence exhibits 89% homology with the previously isolated @entity35 @entity41302 cDNA (Liu et al., J. Biol. Chem. 268 (1993) 22802-22808) at the @entity377 level, and 93% @entity535 sequence identity. The greatest divergence between the @entity1 and @entity35 sequences is found at the @entity1472 -terminus, where only 74% @entity535 identity exists in residues 1-190. Expression of the intact @entity25058 transporter sequence in COS-7 cells resulted in a 10-fold increase in high-affinity uptake relative to control cells transfected with vector alone. An artificially truncated form of the transporter, missing the @entity2733 -terminal 153 @entity1522 , was also capable of mediating @entity2228 uptake. However, an identified variant lacking the first 234 @entity1522 was non-functional. An @entity25058 transporter containing a 14-residue deletion in the intracellular loop between transmembrane domains 6 and 7 was also identified and expressed, but failed to mediate @entity2228 uptake. Like @entity35 @entity41302 , the high-affinity uptake mediated by @entity25058 was found to be insensitive to the @entity41303 inhibitor @entity17842 .

title: Characterization of multiple forms of the XXXX @entity2228 transporter type-2.

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity2228 :: ('CHEBI:57305', 'Chemical') :: ['glycine']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity377 :: ('CHEBI:36976', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotide']

entities_list: @entity17842 :: ('CHEBI:57433', 'Chemical') :: ['sarcosine']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: AIMS/BACKGROUND: Endotoxin induced @entity1596 has been regarded as a model for @entity6990 and until now little was known about choroidal involvement. The aim of this study was to investigate changes in macrophages and MHC class II positive cells in the choroid of Lewis @entity35 during endotoxin induced @entity1596 . METHODS: Choroid-sclera wholemounts were isolated from normal Lewis @entity35 and at different time points--4, 8, 16, 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours, and 7, 10, and 14 days after a footpad injection of 200 micrograms of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Immunohistochemistry was performed using the monoclonal antibodies ED1 (monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells), and OX6 (MHC class II antigen). RESULTS: In normal @entity35 , two layers of macrophages were identified in the choroid; a layer located immediately beneath the @entity989 ( @entity989 ) and a layer bordering the sclera. The density of ED1 positive cells in the layer bordering the @entity989 cells was 902 (SD 132) cells/mm2 whereas the scleral layer had a cell density of 389 (73) cells/mm2. Based on morphology, positive cells could be divided into two main categories; pleomorphic/round cells and dendritiform cells with varying appearances, with the latter being predominant in normal eyes. A network of MHC class II positive dendritic cells was found in the choroid, beneath the @entity989 , with a density of 659 (96) cells/mm2. No MHC class II positive cells were found in the macrophage layer bordering the sclera. LPS injection caused a massive influx of ED1 positive macrophages in the area below the @entity989 cells but did not result in an influx of macrophages at the scleral side of the choroid. The infiltrate reached a maximum at 16 hours following LPS injection and decreased at 96 hours. The morphology of the infiltrating cells was pleomorphic/round at early stages of @entity32 and changed into a dendritiform cell population later. The number of MHC class II positive cells on the anterior side of the choroid increased 8 hours after injection and reached a peak at 72-96 hours. MHC class II positive cells were not observed in the vicinity of the sclera at any time after LPS injection. Both resident and MHC class II positive dendritic cell numbers returned to normal values at day 14 following LPS injection. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that the choroid is severely inflamed after systemic LPS administration to Lewis @entity35 and suggests that endotoxin induced @entity1596 may serve as a model for generalised @entity1596 in @entity1 .

title: Macrophages and MHC class II positive cells in the choroid during endotoxin induced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity6990 :: ('MESH:D014606', 'Disease') :: ['acute anterior uveitis']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['retinal pigment epithelium', 'RPE']

answer: @entity1596 :: (MESH:D014605,Disease) :: ['uveitis']


abstract: Costimulatory signals are required for priming and activation of naive T cells, while it is less clear how they contribute to induction of regulatory T (Treg)-cell activity. We previously reported that the blockade of the B7- @entity1361 and @entity11603 - @entity2936 interaction efficiently suppresses allogeneic T-cell activation in vivo. This was characterized by an initial rise in @entity403 (+) cells, followed by depletion of host-reactive T cells. To further investigate effects of costimulatory blockade on Treg cells, we used an in vitro model of allogeneic @entity404 (+) cell activation. When CTLA-4Ig and anti- @entity11603 mAb ( @entity29817 ) were added to the cultures, T-cell proliferation and @entity1199 production were strongly reduced. However, @entity403 (+) cells proliferated and acquired suppressive activity. They suppressed activation of syngeneic @entity404 (+) cells much more efficiently than did freshly isolated Treg cells. @entity404 (+) cells activated by allogeneic cells in the presence of @entity29817 and @entity4386 Ig were @entity6306 on restimulation, but their response was restored to that of naive @entity404 (+) cells when @entity403 (+) Treg cells were removed. We conclude that natural Treg cells are less dependent on B7- @entity1361 or @entity2936 - @entity11603 costimulation compared with @entity403 (-) T cells. Reduced costimulation therefore alters the balance between Teff and Treg-cell activation in favor of Treg-cell activity.

title: XXXX + regulatory T cells are activated in spite of B7- @entity1361 and @entity2936 - @entity11603 blockade.

entities_list: @entity6306 :: ('MESH:C566417', 'Disease') :: ['hyporesponsive']

answer: @entity403 :: (50943,Gene) :: ['Foxp3']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study describes the computed tomographic (CT) findings of true @entity2909 in the stomach. METHODS: Eleven @entity1 with histopathologically proven @entity356 were finally enrolled. All cases were @entity2467 ( @entity2467 ) negative on immunohistochemical study. We retrospectively reviewed the CT findings of @entity356 for the following considerations: location, morphological features (size, contour, @entity5 growth pattern, and enhancement pattern), and ancillary findings (ulceration and @entity730 ). RESULTS: All @entity2909 were in the @entity418 , with an average @entity5 size of 36 mm (range, 13-47 mm). Computed tomography scans revealed the morphological features as follows: @entity5 growth pattern: intraluminal mass (n = 10) and extraluminal masses (n = 1); contour: lobulated margin (n = 7) or smooth margin (n = 4). All lesions showed homogeneous contrast enhancement. Most of the @entity5 showed lower enhancement than those in the liver (n = 10). One case showed ulceration but no @entity730 . CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, @entity356 are mainly located in the @entity418 and usually appeared as homogenous low attenuated masses on computed tomography.

title: Gastric true XXXX : computed tomographic findings and pathological correlation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['calcification']

entities_list: @entity2909 :: ('MESH:D007889', 'Disease') :: ['leiomyomas']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric leiomyomas', 'gastric true leiomyomas']

answer: @entity2909 :: (MESH:D007889,Disease) :: ['leiomyoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity868 (MET) has been suggested as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) in the treatment of @entity7278 . However, its clinical effectiveness and effects on periodontal pathogens remain to be defined. The present meta-analysis assessed the scientific evidence concerning the effect of MET adjunctive to SRP as compared to SRP alone. METHODS: A literature search of electronic databases was performed for articles published through December 16, 2012, followed by a manual search of several dental journals. A meta-analysis was conducted according to recommendations of the Cochrane Collaboration and PRISMA. Weighted mean differences (MDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for probing depth reduction, clinical attachment level gain, @entity548 on probing index and suppuration. All outcomes were evaluated as changes from baseline to the end of follow-up. Heterogeneity was assessed with the chi-squared-based Cochran Q test and I(2) statistic. The level of significance was set at p  <  0.05. RESULTS: After the study selection process, six randomized clinical trials were included in the meta-analysis. The results of the meta-analysis indicated that SRP  +  MET provided additional benefits when compared to SRP alone in terms of probing depth reduction ( @entity601 , 0.18; 95% CI, 0.09-0.28; p  <  0.05) and clinical attachment level gain ( @entity601 , 0.10; 95% CI, 0.08-0.12; p  <  0.05). No evidence of heterogeneity was detected. CONCLUSION: The meta-analysis results seem to support the effectiveness of adjunctive MET with SRP compared to SRP alone. However, given the low number of included studies and limitations of meta-analysis, future studies are needed to confirm these results.

title: Effectiveness of XXXX as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in the treatment of @entity7278 : a systematic review and meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity868 :: ('MESH:D008795', 'Chemical') :: ['Metronidazole']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity7278 :: ('MESH:D055113', 'Disease') :: ['chronic periodontitis']

answer: @entity868 :: (MESH:D008795,Chemical) :: ['metronidazole']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1340 is used to treat a wide range of acute and @entity1118 . This drug induces analgesia by 2 mechanisms of action: opioid receptor activation and enhancement of @entity1063 (NA) and @entity750 ( @entity750 ) transmission. The effect of @entity1340 on NA and @entity750 concentrations in the spinal cord, however, have not been assessed. In the present study, we investigated the antihypersensitivity effect of @entity1340 using a @entity35 model of @entity282 . We also evaluated the increase in NA and @entity750 levels in the spinal cord after @entity1340 injection using in vivo microdialysis. METHODS: We made a hindpaw incision in male @entity35 ( @entity282 model). @entity1340 was administered intraperitoneally and intrathecally 24 hours after paw incision. Mechanical @entity56 was measured by determining the withdrawal threshold using von Frey filaments. Microdialysis studies from the dorsal horn of the lumbar spinal cord were performed to measure NA and @entity750 levels after intraperitoneal injection of @entity1340 . We also measured the NA and @entity750 content in the spinal cord in normal @entity35 and @entity35 with paw incision. RESULTS: Intraperitoneal (10, 20, and 40 mg/kg) and intrathecal (125, 250, and 500  g) injection of @entity1340 produced an antihyperalgesic effect in a dose-dependent manner. The antihypersensitivity effect of @entity1340 was prevented by intrathecal pretreatment with @entity3858 (30  g), a @entity750 receptor antagonist; @entity36936 (30  g), a @entity1063 receptor antagonist; and @entity1510 (30  g), a nonselective opioid receptor antagonist. Microdialysis study revealed that @entity750 and NA concentrations at the spinal dorsal horn were increased, peaking at 30 minutes after intraperitoneal injection of 20 mg/kg @entity1340 . Furthermore, the NA and @entity750 content in the ipsilateral dorsal half of the lumbar spinal cord was increased 1 day and 3 days after paw incision, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that @entity1340 inhibits postoperative @entity56 by increasing NA and @entity750 levels in the spinal cord and activating opioid receptors. @entity1340 might be more effective in the early postoperative period when spinal NA and @entity750 levels are increased.

title: Antihypersensitivity effects of @entity1340 in a @entity35 model of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1340 :: ('MESH:D014147', 'Chemical') :: ['tramadol', 'Tramadol']

entities_list: @entity3858 :: ('MESH:D008784', 'Chemical') :: ['methysergide']

entities_list: @entity36936 :: ('CHEBI:5862', 'Chemical') :: ['idazoxane']

entities_list: @entity1510 :: ('MESH:D009270', 'Chemical') :: ['naloxone']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative pain']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['hypersensitivity']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['rat', 'Sprague-Dawley rats', 'rats']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['noradrenaline']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain']

answer: @entity282 :: (MESH:D010149,Disease) :: ['postoperative pain']


abstract: Effects of @entity934 ( @entity3451 ) and substance P on the electrical and mechanical activities of the circular muscle layer of the @entity235 proximal colon were studied. Because this muscle layer is bordered by two different pacemaker regions, responses from segments containing either a single pacemaker region or no pacemaker region were compared with responses of the complete muscle layer. Concentration-response relationships for @entity3451 and substance P were similar between the various segments, suggesting that receptors for these agonists are expressed throughout the layer. The dominant contractile pattern induced by @entity3451 and substance P in each segment was a 1- to 3-cycle/min rhythm. In a like manner, these agonists also elicited an electrical pattern in which a long-duration slow wave occurred one to three times per minute between short-duration slow waves. Low concentrations of @entity594 (0.01 microM) selectively antagonized the 1- to 3-cycle/min rhythm. In circular muscles with no pacemaker region, @entity3451 (1 microM) caused depolarization, induced oscillations in membrane potential averaging 24 +/- 5 mV in amplitude and 2.9 +/- 0.9 cycles/min in frequency, and generated rhythmic contractions at the same frequency. This "interior" circular muscle was functionally innervated by cholinergic excitatory nerves. Exposure to @entity3451 (1 microM) did not alter the conduction of slow waves through the thickness of the circular layer. In summary, the excitatory neurotransmitters, @entity3451 and substance P, induce a dominant electrical and contractile rhythm throughout the circular muscle layer that is different from the spontaneous rhythms produced at either the @entity8668 .

title: Electrical and mechanical effects of @entity934 and substance P in subregions of XXXX colon.

entities_list: @entity8668 :: ('MESH:D001882', 'Disease') :: ['myenteric or submucosal border']

entities_list: @entity594 :: ('MESH:D009543', 'Chemical') :: ['nifedipine']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['canine']


abstract: Extended resection, comprising extended right hemicolectomy, splenectomy, and distal pancreatectomy, has been advocated for @entity189 of the @entity4558 because the lymphatic drainage at this site is variable. The present study addresses the problems associated with selecting the most appropriate operative procedure to achieve cure of @entity5 . We conducted a retrospective review of 27 @entity1 with @entity5 who underwent curative resection. Left partial colectomy was performed in 20 @entity1 and partial resection of the transverse/descending colon was performed in 7 @entity1 . The combined resection of adjacent organs due to @entity5 adherence was performed in three @entity1 . The spleen and distal pancreas were the organs most frequently resected among a collective total of six adjacent organs. The median duration of follow-up was 60.9 months after resection for @entity5 . No @entity1 developed local recurrence. There was no significant difference in 5-year survival between @entity1 with @entity5 and those with @entity694 at other sites. In conclusion, @entity5 resected by left partial colectomy or partial resection of the transverse/descending colon without routine extended resection was not associated with a worse prognosis than @entity694 at other sites.

title: Surgical treatment and subsequent outcome of @entity1 with XXXX of the @entity4558 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'splenic flexure cancers', 'splenic flexure cancer']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity4558 :: ('MESH:D013158', 'Disease') :: ['splenic flexure']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon cancers']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['carcinoma']


abstract: The data from a questionnaire-based study of 5,739 members of the @entity1569 associations of Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden and the Faeroe Islands showed that the two most commonly used active agents were topical @entity230 (89.7% total use and 49.4% present use) and @entity2116 (73.1% total use and 35.8% present use), with only small variations between the countries. Marked differences between the countries were, however, found within all other types of @entity1569 therapy, including the so-called alternative treatments. Significant priorities varied between the different countries. The use of @entity7141 in Finland was almost twice the average. While 14.2% of Danish members had received grenz-rays within the last week only 0.1% of the Finns had been given the same treatment. @entity6339 plus ultraviolet A (PUVA) was being used by 13.1% of the Finnish psoriatics compared with 3.8% of Danes, while PUVA was almost non-existent on the Faeroe Islands. The use of non-PUVA phototherapy was highest in Norway and Sweden. Almost 10% of the Danes were presently on @entity1499 , which was used far more than @entity18143 / @entity14028 or @entity205 . In contrast, Finnish @entity1 more often received @entity18143 than other systemic agents, and in Iceland there was a higher present use of @entity205 than of @entity18143 . The popularity of alternative therapies was highest in Iceland, where 26.6% had taken such medication during the last week. The results of the study suggest that different treatment patterns should be taken into consideration when discussing the prognosis of @entity1569 in different countries.

title: Treatment of @entity1569 in the Nordic countries: a questionnaire survey from 5739 members of the XXXX associations data from the Nordic Quality of Life Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity14028 :: ('MESH:D017255', 'Chemical') :: ['acitretin']

entities_list: @entity2116 :: ('MESH:C055085', 'Chemical') :: ['calcipotriol']

entities_list: @entity1569 :: ('MESH:D011565', 'Disease') :: ['psoriasis']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporine']

entities_list: @entity7141 :: ('MESH:D000875', 'Chemical') :: ['dithranol']

entities_list: @entity18143 :: ('MESH:D005050', 'Chemical') :: ['etretinate']

entities_list: @entity6339 :: ('MESH:D005363', 'Chemical') :: ['Psoralen']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

answer: @entity1569 :: (MESH:D011565,Disease) :: ['psoriasis']


abstract: Tactile acuity measured by 2-point discrimination performance is impaired in @entity1 with complex regional @entity158 ( @entity6866 -I). This is mirrored by pain-associated shrinkage of the cortical representation of the affected limb. We investigated whether, also, more complex tactile performance assessed by a dynamic 2D-form perception task is disturbed in @entity6866 -I @entity1 . Therefore, we developed a Braille-like recognition task (BT) for geometrical dot pattern identification by dynamic touch. We studied 47 healthy volunteers (Study I) and compared them to 16 @entity6866 -I @entity1 (Study II). Besides recognition time and error quote of the BT, we assessed static 2-point discrimination thresholds (TPDT). In healthy subjects, the performance in the BT correlated significantly with age and TPDT. In @entity6866 @entity1 , TPDT was significantly increased on the affected side compared to sex- and age-matched controls from study I (2.98    0.84 mm vs 2.05    0.82 mm, P<0.01). The performance in the BT was not impaired in @entity6866 -I @entity1 (compared to sex- and age-matched controls from study I) and was not correlated to the TPDT. The intact 2D-form recognition ability in @entity6866 -I @entity1 might be explained by intact dynamic tactile and proprioceptive functions, which appear to be uncompromised by the impaired static tactile perception, provided that the spacing of the dot pattern is above the individual tactile acuity. These intact 2D-form perception capacities may also be related to higher sensory integration functions like the visual system and intact semantic understanding, which may be spared by the cortical reorganization phenomena in @entity6866 -I.

title: Intact 2D-form recognition despite impaired tactile spatial acuity in complex regional XXXX .

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain syndrome type I']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain syndrome type I']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: A prospective study was undertaken on the diagnosis of @entity10926 (HSVE) by comparing chemiluminescence assay (CL) and two different sensitive polymerase chain reactions (PCRs). METHODS: The materials comprised 53 serial CSF samples from 31 @entity1 with acute @entity198 with suspected HSVE. Each CSF was distributed to three independent laboratories to perform quantitative measurements by CL, the low sensitive (single) PCR, and high sensitive (nested) PCR. The CL provided a method of detecting HSV itself and the small fragment with HSV antigenicity which was composed of @entity1800 . The serial CSFs were found retrospectively to comprise 24 samples from 11 @entity1 with HSVE due to @entity3307 and 29 samples from 20 @entity1 with non-HSVE. RESULTS: the CL showed 50 to 48 000 pfu/ml in all samples of HSVE (except one) taken from the 3rd to the 25th day. The low sensitive PCR demonstrated 50 to 47 000 pfu/ml in only six samples of HSVE. The high sensitive PCR disclosed less than 100 to 120 000 copies/ml in 11 samples of HSVE. At the acute stage from the 1st to 7th day, the sensitivities of CL and the high sensitive PCR were 100%, but that of the low sensitive PCR was 75%. The sensitivity of CL was significantly higher than those of both PCRs after the acute stage on the 15th to 32nd day. The specificities and positive predictive values of the three methods were 100%. However, the negative predictive value of CL was significantly higher than that of the low sensitive PCR. CONCLUSIONS: The sensitivity of CL is equivalent to that of the high sensitive PCR during the acute stage and significantly higher than that of the high sensitive PCR after the acute stage. A clear difference in sensitivity exists between the different PCRs. A combination of the PCR, chemiluminescence assay, and serological antibody diagnosis is currently considered the most effective approach for the clinical diagnosis of HSVE.

title: Comparative study between chemiluminescence assay and two different sensitive polymerase chain reactions on the diagnosis of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity198 :: ('MESH:D004660', 'Disease') :: ['encephalitis']

entities_list: @entity1800 :: ('MESH:D014777', 'Disease') :: ['viral component proteins']

entities_list: @entity10926 :: ('MESH:D020803', 'Disease') :: ['herpes simplex encephalitis']

answer: @entity10926 :: (MESH:D020803,Disease) :: ['serial herpes simplex virus encephalitis']


abstract: The risk of @entity65 in a @entity6 @entity1 is similar to that in a nondiabetic @entity1 with a history of @entity583 . Although intensive control of glycemia achieved by conventional antidiabetic agents decreases microvascular complications such as @entity989 and @entity8 , no marked effect has been reported on macrovascular complications or all-cause mortality. Evidence from VADT, ACCORD, and ADVANCE would suggest that glycemic control has little effect on macrovascular outcomes. Moreover, in the case of ACCORD, intensive glycemic control may be associated with an increased risk of mortality. There is sufficient evidence that suggests that postprandial @entity4854 may be an independent risk factor for @entity65 in @entity6 @entity1 . However, there are no prospective clinical trials supporting the recommendation that lowering postprandial blood @entity413 leads to lower risk of cardiovascular outcomes. @entity34426 is a short-acting insulinotropic agent used in @entity164 2 @entity6 treatment. It has a rapid stimulatory effect on insulin secretion and reduces postprandial plasma @entity413 level in @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 . Because of its short action time, it is unlikely to exert adverse effects related to @entity4053 early in the morning and between meals. @entity34426 reduces excess oxidative stress and @entity32 , plays a cardioprotective role, and improves postprandial @entity209 . Moreover, @entity34426 add-on therapy with @entity12098 favorably affects the vascular endothelial function in @entity164 2 @entity6 @entity1 . These data suggest that @entity34426 plays a potentially beneficial role in the improvement of postprandial @entity4854 in @entity164 2 @entity6 @entity1 and can be used to prevent @entity65 . Although the results of long-term, randomized, placebo-controlled trials for determining the cardiovascular effects of @entity34426 on clinical outcomes are awaited, this review is aimed at summarizing substantial insights into this topic.

title: Postprandial @entity4854 and endothelial function in XXXX 2 @entity6 : focus on @entity34426 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['nephropathy']

entities_list: @entity34426 :: ('MESH:C087255', 'Chemical') :: ['mitiglinide', 'Mitiglinide']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic disorders']

entities_list: @entity12098 :: ('MESH:C060836', 'Chemical') :: ['pioglitazone']

entities_list: @entity4053 :: ('MESH:D007003', 'Disease') :: ['hypoglycemia']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['retinopathy']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity4854 :: ('MESH:D006943', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemia']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease', 'cardiovascular diseases', 'cardiovascular complication']

answer: @entity164 :: (MESH:D017827,Disease) :: ['type']