abstract: IMPORTANCE: Few long-term data describe the natural history of @entity99 . Because these lesions are frequently imaged repetitively on studies performed for other indications, health care professionals are commonly confronted with the problem of a growing @entity2695 . Because the rate and magnitude of normal growth is not well characterized, it is difficult to recognize lesions growing at an abnormal rate, which may require further evaluation or intervention. OBJECTIVES: To establish quantitatively the expected growth rate of @entity99 and to define a measure of @entity2695 growth that could be used clinically to help identify @entity2695 for which growth is more than expected. DESIGN, SETTING, AND @entity1 : Retrospective cohort study at an academic hospital tertiary referral center evaluating the growth rate of @entity99 on cross-sectional imaging studies during a 10-year period (1997-2007). The mean (SD) follow-up time was 3.7 (1.9) years. The radiology information system was searched in a 10-year period for @entity2695 . @entity1 with @entity99 that were 1 cm or larger as seen on cross-sectional imaging (computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging), and 1 year or more apart were selected. Images with the longest interval between studies were selected for further review. Each study was rereviewed for diagnostic confirmation and to ensure consistency in measurement technique. Lesions were remeasured in 3 dimensions, and volumes were calculated using 3-dimensional software. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Primary outcomes include the fraction of @entity99 that demonstrated growth during long-term follow-up and the annual growth rate of those lesions. RESULTS: A total of 163 @entity2695 were identified in 123 @entity1 . The mean (SD) initial size was 3.2 (3.1) cm. During follow-up, 39.3% of @entity2695 grew 5% or more in mean linear dimension. The mean (SD) annual linear growth rate was 0.03 (0.21) cm for all lesions and 0.19 (0.23) cm for those that grew 5% or more. By volume, 44.7% of lesions grew 5% or more. The mean (SD) annual volumetric growth rate was 2.8% (21.0%) for all lesions and 17.7% (22.8%) in those that grew 5% or more. The initial size predicted the growth in linear dimension and volume (P < .001). There was no significant change in growth rate over time, indicating uniform growth (R = 0.00843; P = .92). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Nearly 40% of @entity99 grow over time. Although the overall rate of growth is slow, @entity2695 that exhibit growth do so at a modest rate (2 mm/y in linear dimension and 17.4% per year in volume). Further research is needed to determine how @entity1 with more rapidly growing @entity2695 should be treated.

title: Assessing normal growth of XXXX during long-term follow-up.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic hemangiomas']

entities_list: @entity2695 :: ('MESH:D006391', 'Disease') :: ['hemangioma', 'hemangiomas']

answer: @entity99 :: (MESH:D056486,Disease) :: ['hepatic hemangiomas']


abstract: OBJECT: The authors report on the follow-up studies in @entity1 treated at the Karolinska Hospital to evaluate the efficacy of gamma knife radiosurgery (GKS) for @entity816 . METHODS: Twelve male and seven female @entity1 were treated (mean age 10.6 years [range 2-60 years]). Sixteen of these @entity1 were @entity1 in whom GKS was performed to treat @entity41 after surgery. Most @entity5 were treated with a prescription dose of 10 to 12 Gy (range 9-20 Gy). The corresponding maximum dose varied between 22 and 30 Gy (range 10-50 Gy). The median clinical follow-up time was 7 years and mean clinical follow-up time 8.5 years. Median radiological follow-up time was 4.7 years and the mean radiological follow-up time was 5.9 years. Tumor control was achieved in all @entity1 . In 85% of the cases a moderate @entity5 volume reduction was observed after GKS. This result occurred despite the low prescription dose administered. The radiological follow-up studies showed adverse radiation effects in 25% of @entity1 with increasing contrast enhancement and some @entity4 . These effects generally appeared within 7 months and resolved later. Cyst development occurred in two @entity1 , which may have been treatment related. CONCLUSIONS: It appears that small @entity816 may be treated with low-prescription-dose GKS, resulting in satisfactory clinical outcomes and only minor side effects. There were a certain number of radiologically demonstrated side effects that appeared relatively early but subsequently resolved. This study should be regarded as a preliminary one because the number of @entity1 is small and the follow-up period is short compared with the natural time course of the disease.

title: Gamma knife radiosurgery for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity41 :: ('MESH:D018365', 'Disease') :: ['residual tumor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity816 :: ('MESH:D001254', 'Disease') :: ['pilocytic astrocytomas', 'pilocytic astrocytoma']

answer: @entity816 :: (MESH:D001254,Disease) :: ['pilocytic astrocytomas']


abstract: The new dry-powder inhaler system, Turbuhaler, has proved to be equivalent to metered-dose inhalers when used in the nose, and the objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy, dose-response effects, and safety of @entity4184 powder given in the morning during the grass pollen season to @entity1 with grass-pollen-induced @entity2023 . Of 190 randomized @entity1 , 186 were treated and 180 completed this double-blind study, which comprised a 4-week treatment period, preceded by a 1-week run-in period. The @entity1 were randomized to three parallel treatment groups: @entity4184 400 micrograms, @entity4184 200 micrograms, or placebo once in the morning. Assessment of efficacy, by comparing changes in mean scores of nasal symptoms from run-in to treatment, showed a statistically significant effect for all symptoms with active treatments, as compared with placebo. The mean reduction of symptom severity was more pronounced in the 400-micrograms group than in the 200-micrograms group, and this difference was statistically significant for runny nose (P < 0.02) and combined nasal symptoms (P < 0.02). Nasal peak-inspiratory flow improved significantly in both @entity4184 -treated groups, as compared with placebo (P < 0.01 and P < 0.01). During the treatment period, @entity1 on active treatment showed, on average, a reduction of all nasal symptoms, whereas the placebo-treated @entity1 , on average, showed an increase of nasal symptoms. Approximately 40% in the high-dose group felt total control of @entity2490 symptoms, as compared with 26% in the low-dose group. There was no difference between @entity4184 - and placebo-treated groups in side-effects.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: XXXX powder administration for the treatment of grass-pollen-induced @entity2023 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2023 :: ('MESH:D006255', 'Disease') :: ['allergic rhinitis']

entities_list: @entity4184 :: ('MESH:D019819', 'Chemical') :: ['budesonide']

answer: @entity4184 :: (MESH:D019819,Chemical) :: ['Budesonide']


abstract: @entity5642 has been found to result from prolonged endurance competition, rigorous military training and participation in impact sports. Haematological research involving the recreational runner is sparse. Recreational runners frequently vary their training to avoid monotony and improve endurance capacity. This study investigated the haematological effects of a typical day of increased distance training in 15 male recreational runners (62.4(3.1) ml kg-1 @entity1009 treadmill VO2max; 44.6(8.4) km per week training (means(s.d.)). Venous blood samples were collected before, immediately after, 1 day, 4 days, and 10 days after a 13-km training run (about twice the subjects' typical running distance) and analysed for changes in @entity648 , serum @entity972 , haematocrit, haemoglobin, red blood cell count, @entity2104 , poikilocytosis and reticulocytosis. Urine samples were collected at the same times as the blood samples and analysed for urobilinogen. Significant (P less than 0.05) 1-day and 4-day decreases in mean haemoglobin, red blood cell count, and @entity2104 values, compared to before training venous blood values and significant (P less than 0.05) post-training increases in @entity648 , serum @entity972 , urobilinogen and poikilocytosis provided evidence for @entity5642 . After 10 days the values for haematocrit, @entity648 , serum @entity972 , red blood cell count, urobilinogen and poikilocytosis were not significantly (P less than 0.05) different from pre-training values while haemoglobin remained significantly (P less than 0.05) lower, exhibiting a constant but not significant increase over the period from 1 to 10 days. The results indicate that mild intravascular 'footstrike' haemolysis can occur in the recreational runner when typical training distance is increased. This condition appears to be transient and benign.

title: XXXX in the recreational runner.

entities_list: @entity648 :: ('MESH:D001663', 'Chemical') :: ['bilirubin']

entities_list: @entity5642 :: ('MESH:D004211', 'Disease') :: ['increased intravascular haemolysis', 'Intravascular haemolysis']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

answer: @entity5642 :: (MESH:D004211,Disease) :: ['Intravascular haemolysis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: eHealth technologies offer great potential for improving the use and effectiveness of treatments for those with @entity1032 ( @entity1032 ), including @entity161 and @entity914 . This potential can be muted by poor design. There is limited research on designing eHealth technologies for those with @entity1032 , others with @entity73 , and those who are not technology savvy. We previously tested a design model, the @entity12318 ( @entity12318 ), to create eHealth interventions for individuals with @entity1032 . Subsequently, we developed the design concept page complexity, defined via the design variables we created of distinct topic areas, distinct navigation areas, and number of columns used to organize contents and the variables of text reading level, text reading ease (a newly added variable to the @entity12318 ), and the number of hyperlinks and number of words on a page. OBJECTIVE: The objective of our study was to report the influence that the 19 variables of the @entity12318 have on the ability of individuals with @entity1032 to use a website, ratings of a website's ease of use, and performance on a novel usability task we created termed as content disclosure (a measure of the influence of a homepage's design on the understanding user's gain of a website). Finally, we assessed the performance of 3 groups or dimensions we developed that organize the 19 variables of the @entity12318 , termed as page complexity, navigational simplicity, and comprehensibility. METHODS: We measured 4 website usability outcomes: ability to find information, time to find information, ease of use, and a user's ability to accurately judge a website's contents. A total of 38 @entity1 with @entity1032 (chart diagnosis of @entity161 or @entity914 ) and 5 mental health websites were used to evaluate the importance of the new design concepts, as well as the other variables in the @entity12318 . RESULTS: We found that 11 of the @entity12318 's 19 variables were significantly associated with all 4 usability outcomes. Most other variables were significantly related to 2 or 3 of these usability outcomes. With the 5 tested websites, 7 of the 19 variables of the @entity12318 overlapped with other variables, resulting in 12 distinct variable groups. The 3 design dimensions had acceptable coefficient alphas. Both navigational simplicity and comprehensibility were significantly related to correctly identifying whether information was available on a website. Page complexity and navigational simplicity were significantly associated with the ability and time to find information and ease-of-use ratings. CONCLUSIONS: The 19 variables and 3 dimensions (page complexity, navigational simplicity, and comprehensibility) of the @entity12318 offer evidence-based design guidance intended to reduce the cognitive effort required to effectively use eHealth applications, particularly for @entity1 with @entity1032 , and potentially others, including those with @entity73 and limited skills or experience with technology. The new variables we examined (topic areas, navigational areas, columns) offer additional and very simple ways to improve simplicity.

title: Designing eHealth Applications to Reduce Cognitive Effort for @entity1 With Severe XXXX : Page Complexity, Navigation Simplicity, and Comprehensibility.

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['severe mental illness', 'SMI']

entities_list: @entity12318 :: ('MESH:D005413', 'Disease') :: ['Flat Explicit Design Model', 'FEDM']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairments']

entities_list: @entity914 :: ('MESH:D011618', 'Disease') :: ['schizoaffective disorder']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

answer: @entity1032 :: (MESH:D008607,Disease) :: ['Mental Illness']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The @entity1 was 66-year-old @entity1 with @entity417 . A 6 cm @entity677 was diagnosed in the fourth portion of the duodenum using abdominal CT. Duodenal-jejunal segmental resection was performed for the @entity677 . Four years after surgery, multiple liver metastatic recurrences ofGIST were diagnosed using abdominal CT. The @entity3 was treated with @entity2213 , but the treatment caused adverse events such as @entity1431 (Grade 2)and @entity417 (Grade 3). The treatment continued for 41 months while reduced or discontinued during the administration period. @entity2240 was administered, but the treatment caused a reduced platelet count(Grade 3), @entity417 (Grade 2), and melena(Grade 3). The treatment continued for 12 months while reduced or discontinued during the administration period. @entity8486 was administered and continued for 9 months. Thereafter, trancecatheter @entity1416 (TAE)was performed 5 times. The @entity1 is alive 8 years and 3 months after recurrence.

title: [Long-Term Survival of a XXXX with Recurrent @entity677 Treated with Various Molecular Targeted Drugs and TAE - A Case Report].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2240 :: ('MESH:C473478', 'Chemical') :: ['Sunitinib']

entities_list: @entity8486 :: ('MESH:C559147', 'Chemical') :: ['Regorafenib']

entities_list: @entity1416 :: ('MESH:D020762', 'Disease') :: ['arterial embolization']

entities_list: @entity1431 :: ('MESH:D007970', 'Disease') :: ['leukocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic tumor']

entities_list: @entity2213 :: ('MESH:C097613', 'Chemical') :: ['imatinib']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patient']


abstract: @entity2520 are @entity281 initiated by specific species of microorganisms and are among the most common @entity1 @entity281 . The pathogenesis of @entity2521 is mediated by interactions between host and microbial factors, complicated by genetic and environmental risk factors. @entity2520 also represents a unique model in which to study the roles of bacterial and host-related factors, a model in which @entity1 do not suffer from life-threatening disease. The aim of this paper is to focus on recent findings relating to neutrophil-mediated host response mechanisms in @entity2523 -induced @entity2520 . Virulence factors of @entity2523 such as the gingipains, fimbrillin peptides, capsule polysaccharides, lipopolysaccharides, haemagglutinating and haemolysing activities, toxic products of metabolism, outer membrane vesicles, and other enzymes have important roles in eliciting host responses in various ways. These factors significantly affect epithelial/endothelial cells, but their major effect is observed on the modulation of neutrophil response. @entity2521 represents an important model for neutrophil-mediated host tissue injury. In this model, neutrophils, primed or stimulated by the presence or persistence of @entity281 , express an elevated and excessive response. This, in turn, leads to tissue destruction mediated by neutrophil activity. It is essential to understand the mechanisms underlying the interactions between the neutrophils and the microbial virulence factors to be able to develop rational, novel treatment strategies.

title: Neutrophil-mediated host response to XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2520 :: ('MESH:D010510', 'Disease') :: ['periodontal disease', 'Periodontal diseases', 'Periodontal disease']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection', 'infections']

entities_list: @entity2521 :: ('MESH:D010518', 'Disease') :: ['periodontitis', 'Periodontitis']

entities_list: @entity2523 :: ('837', 'Species') :: ['Porphyromonas gingivalis']

answer: @entity2523 :: (837,Species) :: ['Porphyromonas gingivalis']


abstract: Importance: BRAFV600E mutations are present in approximately 50% of @entity320 ( @entity320 ). The use of BRAFV600E mutation-specific monoclonal antibody VE1 immunohistochemical analysis may facilitate rapid detection of BRAFV600E mutations in @entity320 and demonstrate heterogeneity among @entity5 . Objectives: To characterize the pattern of BRAFV600E protein expression in primary @entity320 with matched @entity3 and to analyze the use of VE1 immunohistochemical analysis in clinical practice using @entity406 -fixed, @entity982 -embedded @entity5 tissue. Design, Setting, and @entity1 : In this retrospective cohort study performed at Karolinska University Hospital from September 2012 to September 2013, we examined @entity320 (124 @entity5 and 76 @entity3 ) with VE1 immunohistochemical analysis, and results were compared with DNA mutation analyses. Main Outcomes and Measures: Determination of intratumoral and intertumoral heterogeneity as well as the sensitivity and specificity of VE1 immunohistochemical analysis. Results: Positive staining results with the VE1 antibody were detected in 94 of 200 @entity5 (47.0%). In general, VE1 staining was homogeneous. However, VE1 staining intensity varied among the @entity5 and corresponding @entity3 in 63 of 135 @entity5 (46.7%), but a change of mutational status based on DNA analysis was found in only 4 matched @entity5 (3.0%). Discordant findings between DNA mutation analysis and immunohistochemical analysis were observed in 12 @entity5 . The overall sensitivity and specificity of VE1 immunohistochemical analysis were 96.7% and 94.5%, respectively. A comparable sensitivity was obtained for primary and metastatic @entity320 . The specificity was lower among primary @entity320 (92.4%) compared with @entity3 (98.0%). Conclusions and Relevance: We found VE1 immunohistochemical analysis to be a useful and rapid assay for BRAFV600E mutations that may contribute to the detection of intratumoral and intertumoral heterogenetic subclones. Tumors with positive results, including strong staining, should be expedited for confirmatory @entity817 mutation testing. If this test result is negative, a false-negative result of the mutation analysis should be considered. Validation of VE1 immunohistochemical analysis in clinical practice is needed.

title: BRAFV600E Protein Expression in Primary XXXX and Paired @entity3 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Participants']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'primary tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity406 :: ('MESH:D005557', 'Chemical') :: ['formalin']

entities_list: @entity982 :: ('MESH:D010232', 'Chemical') :: ['paraffin']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['cutaneous malignant melanomas', 'CMMs']

answer: @entity320 :: (MESH:D008545,Disease) :: ['Cutaneous Malignant Melanomas']


abstract: We developed an alternative approach to teach @entity6 in our practical classes, replacing laboratory animals. We used custom @entity35 made of cloth, which have a ventral zipper that allows stuffing with glass marbles to reach different weights. Three mock @entity35 per group were placed into metabolic cages with real food and water and with test tubes containing artificial urine, simulating a sample collection of 24 h. For each cage, we also provided other test tubes with artificial blood and urine, simulating different levels of @entity4854 . The artificial " @entity6 " urine contained different amounts of anhydrous @entity413 and @entity1324 to simulate two different levels of @entity10200 and @entity1270 . The simulated urine of a nondiabetic @entity35 was prepared without the addition of @entity413 or @entity1324 . An Accu-Chek system is used to analyze glycemia, and @entity10200 and @entity1270 intensity were analyzed by means of a Urocolor bioassay. In the laboratory classroom, students were told that they would receive three @entity35 to find out which one has type 1 or @entity6 . To do so, they had to weigh the animals, quantify the water and food ingestion, and analyze the artificial blood and urine for glycemia, @entity10200 , and @entity1270 . Only at the end of class did we reveal that the urine and blood were artificial. Students were instructed to plot the data in a table, discuss the results within their group, and write an individual report. We have already used this practical class with 300 students, without a single student refusing to participate.

title: An alternative to the use of animals to teach XXXX .

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['type 2 diabetes mellitus', 'diabetic', 'diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity10200 :: ('MESH:D006029', 'Disease') :: ['glycosuria']

entities_list: @entity1270 :: ('MESH:D007662', 'Disease') :: ['ketonuria']

entities_list: @entity4854 :: ('MESH:D006943', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemia']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes mellitus']


abstract: BACKGROUND: There has been no study investigating nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)-exacerbated @entity1576 (NERD) exclusively in childhood. Therefore, in the current study, the authors aimed to evaluate the diagnostic features, clinical characteristics, and follow-up of adolescents diagnosed with NERD. METHODS: The @entity1 who were consecutively diagnosed with NERD between January 2011, and November 2013, included in the study. Oral provocation test (OPT) with at least 2 different NSAIDs was used to confirm NSAID @entity56 in @entity1 with underlying @entity565 /chronic rhinosinusitis/ @entity480 . All @entity1 were followed regularly in 3-month intervals by the Pediatric Allergy and Otorhinolaryngology Department for @entity565 , @entity2023 , or chronic rhinosinusitis with or without @entity480 . RESULTS: A total of 10 adolescents with NERD were included in the study. The mean age of the @entity1 at the time of diagnosis was 14.9    1.5 years. Hives or @entity113 accompanied @entity1576 induced by NSAIDs. The mean duration of follow-up was 28.9    12.4 months. All @entity1 had @entity565 except 1 with asymptomatic @entity6587 . Asthma of @entity1 was well-controlled with moderate dose of inhaled @entity288 . @entity102 with or without @entity480 developed in 2 @entity1 . Aspirin desensitization was required in these 2 @entity1 with recurrent @entity480 . CONCLUSION: NERD in childhood has much more favorable clinical characteristics and course than in adulthood. Few adolescents with NERD refer with typical chronic upper respiratory tract complaints. The @entity565 component seems to be mild and is well controlled in the short-term follow-up.

title: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs-exacerbated XXXX in adolescents.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2023 :: ('MESH:D006255', 'Disease') :: ['allergic rhinitis']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic rhinosinusitis']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['hypersensitivity']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory complaints', 'respiratory disease']

entities_list: @entity113 :: ('MESH:D000799', 'Disease') :: ['angioedema']

entities_list: @entity6587 :: ('MESH:D016535', 'Disease') :: ['bronchial hyperreactivity']

entities_list: @entity480 :: ('MESH:D009298', 'Disease') :: ['nasal polyps']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity1576 :: (MESH:D012131,Disease) :: ['respiratory disease']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity7855 is the oral phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor that revolutionized treatment for @entity323 . We investigated a potential association of the @entity14644 subunit ( @entity14644 ) @entity14643 polymorphism, a determinant of intracellular signal transduction, with the drug response to @entity7855 in @entity1 with @entity323 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: In 113 @entity1 with @entity323 and 111 healthy male controls genotype status of the @entity14644 @entity14643 polymorphism was determined by polymerase chain reaction and restriction analysis. @entity1 with @entity323 received @entity7855 at a dose of 25 to 100 mg. according to the individual erectile response. Drug response was measured by interviewing the @entity1 according to the erection scale of 0 to 5. RESULTS: The @entity14644 genotype distribution of @entity1 with @entity323 exactly matched that of healthy controls. Analysis of the response to @entity7855 revealed a significant association of @entity14643 allele status with the erectile response to @entity7855 . In the group with TT genotype we observed a 90.9% response but only a 50.9% and 48.9% response in @entity1 with the CC and TC genotype, respectively. The odds ratio for a positive erectile response was 10.0 (95% CI 1.2 to 81.1) for @entity1 with the TT versus the TC/CC genotype (p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The response to @entity7855 is significantly associated with @entity14644 @entity14643 genotype status in @entity1 with @entity323 .

title: @entity7855 response is influenced by the @entity14644 subunit XXXX @entity14643 polymorphism: a pilot study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity323 :: ('MESH:D007172', 'Disease') :: ['erectile dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity7855 :: ('MESH:C101426', 'Chemical') :: ['sildenafil', 'Sildenafil']

answer: @entity14644 :: (2784,Gene) :: ['GNB3']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the surgical efficacies of one-stage comprehensive soft-tissue release and peritalar reduction incorporating tibialis anterior transfer (CSTR-PTR-TAT) in @entity1 with @entity19312 ( @entity19312 ) before the age of 4 years. METHODS: Thirty-five feet of 21 @entity1 with true @entity19312 were underwent one-stage CSTR-PTR-TAT. The male-to-female ratio was 2.5: 1. Twenty-three percent (5 @entity1 with 8 feet) belonged to isolated @entity19312 and the remainder @entity19312 associated with other @entity4094 . The mean operative age was 30.1 (12-48) months. All @entity1 were available for clinical and radiological follow-ups for a mean period of 3.5 (1.5-7) years.Kodros scoring system was utilized for assessment of final outcomes. RESULTS: The outcomes of 3 feet (9%) were excellent, 27 (77%) good and 5 (14%) fair. All @entity1 wore normal shoes and were satisfied by their functional results and appearance. The @entity1 with fair results were associated with @entity8482 . No @entity2530 was encountered.None required further operation.Radiologically there was a statistically significant postoperative improvement of measured angles compared to preoperative values (P < 0.05). All radiological parameters were within normal ranges. There was no difference of post operative angles compared to those at the final follow-up (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: As a @entity85 usually associated with other @entity4094 , @entity19312 may be satisfactorily managed with one-stage correction by CSTR-PTR-TAT before the age of 4 years.

title: [Surgical correction of XXXX by one-stage comprehensive soft-tissue release and peritalar reduction incorporating tibialis anterior transfer].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4094 :: ('MESH:D009468', 'Disease') :: ['congenital or neuromuscular abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity8482 :: ('MESH:D001176', 'Disease') :: ['arthrogryposis']

entities_list: @entity19312 :: ('MESH:C536345', 'Disease') :: ['CVT', 'congenital vertical talus']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['complex deformity']

entities_list: @entity2530 :: ('MESH:D010020', 'Disease') :: ['talar avascular necrosis']

answer: @entity19312 :: (MESH:C536345,Disease) :: ['congenital vertical talus']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To assess process of care in nonvariceal @entity360 (NVUGIB) using a national cohort, and to identify predictors of adherence to 'best practice' standards. METHODS: Consecutive charts of @entity1 hospitalized for @entity360 across 21 Canadian hospitals were reviewed. Data regarding initial presentation, endoscopic management and outcomes were collected. Results were compared with 'best practice' using established guidelines on NVUGIB. Adherence was quantified and independent predictors were evaluated using multivariable analysis. RESULTS: Overall, 2020 @entity1 (89.4% NVUGIB, variceal in 10.6%) were included (mean [   SD] age 66.3  16.4 years; 38.4% female). Endoscopy was performed in 1612 @entity1 : 1533 with NVUGIB had endoscopic lesions (63.1% @entity1066 ; high-risk stigmata in 47.8%). Early endoscopy was performed in 65.6% and an assistant was present in 83.5%. Only 64.5% of @entity1 with high-risk stigmata received endoscopic hemostasis; 9.8% of @entity1 exhibiting low-risk stigmata also did. Intravenous proton pump inhibitor was administered after endoscopic hemostasis in 95.7%. Rebleeding and mortality rates were 10.5% and 9.4%, respectively. Multivariable analysis revealed that low American Society of Anesthesiologists score @entity1 had fewer assistants present during endoscopy (OR 0.63 [95% CI 0.48 to 0.83), a hemoglobin level <70 g   L predicted inappropriate high-dose intravenous proton pump inhibitor use in @entity1 with low-risk stigmata, and endoscopies performed during regular hours were associated with longer delays from presentation (OR 0.33 [95% CI 0.24 to 0.47]). CONCLUSION: There was variability between the process of care and 'best practice' in NVUGIB. Certain @entity1 and situational characteristics may influence guideline adherence. Dissemination initiatives must identify and focus on such considerations to improve quality of care.

title: Adherence to guidelines: A national audit of the management of XXXX . The REASON registry.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding', 'upper gastrointestinal bleeding']

answer: @entity360 :: (MESH:D006471,Disease) :: ['acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding']


abstract: PURPOSE: To review and describe @entity9712 and @entity1713 in @entity1 with @entity2038 . METHODS: Retrospective, multicenter study of @entity1 with @entity2038 who presented with @entity9712 and exudative @entity1713 . RESULTS: The authors describe 13 eyes of 9 @entity1 with @entity2038 who presented with inferior @entity1897 and/or @entity1713 . Four @entity1 were male; five were female. @entity1 ' ages ranged from 8 years to 35 years (median, 12 years). The follow-up interval ranged from 1 month to 10 years (median, 4 years). These peripheral retinal elevations had a tendency to remain stable, although those with telangiectatic vessels or @entity5 occasionally demonstrated an increase in accumulation of exudate. Treatment of such eyes with cryotherapy, or low-dose plaque radiotherapy, resulted in vasoproliferative @entity5 and telangiectatic vessel regression, absorption of the hard exudate, and resolution of the retinal elevation in four of five eyes. One @entity1 had spontaneous regression of the @entity9712 over a 4-year period. CONCLUSION: @entity1 with @entity2038 may present with @entity9712 and/or @entity1713 . These findings may be related to a @entity8038 -like vascular response (telangiectatic vessels and @entity5 ) secondary to chronic @entity32 . Treatment of the @entity455 tended to result in resolution of the detachment and/or schisis.

title: @entity1897 and @entity1713 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular leakage']

entities_list: @entity1713 :: ('MESH:D012163', 'Disease') :: ['exudative retinal detachment', 'retinal detachments']

entities_list: @entity9712 :: ('MESH:D041441', 'Disease') :: ['bullous retinoschisis', 'retinoschisis', 'retinoschisis cavity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'vasoproliferative tumors']

entities_list: @entity8038 :: ('MESH:D058456', 'Disease') :: ['Coats disease']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral retinoschisis']

entities_list: @entity2038 :: ('MESH:D015868', 'Disease') :: ['pars planitis']

answer: @entity2038 :: (MESH:D015868,Disease) :: ['pars planitis']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Washout is an important diagnostic imaging feature of @entity157 ( @entity157 ) on computed tomography (CT). The primary aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence and the interobserver variation in the detection of portal venous phase (PVP) washout of @entity5462 using CT in a transplant population. The secondary aim is to evaluate factors influencing the detection of PVP washout. METHODS: Forty-five @entity1 who underwent CT liver imaging within the 60 days before transplantation had viable @entity5462 confirmed on pathology. Two radiologists retrospectively reviewed the images for @entity5462 including features of arterial enhancement and PVP washout. Clinical data, peak kilovoltage, imaging features of portal @entity101 , region of interest attenuation measurements of the individual lesions, background liver parenchyma and portal vein were obtained. @entity409 attenuation ratio was also calculated. Statistical analysis was performed. RESULTS: The two readers identified 50 arterially enhancing @entity5462 in 45 @entity1 . In consensus, the two readers identified washout in 60% of the @entity5462 with a substantial interobserver agreement (kappa   =   0.633). PVP washout was associated with larger lesion size, increased background liver parenchyma attenuation, increased liver to lesion attenuation ratio, increased portal vein attenuation and @entity1956 viral status (P   =   0.027, 0.008, 0.014, 0.017 and 0.037 respectively). CONCLUSION: In our transplant population, portal venous phase washout was seen in 60% of the hypervascular @entity5462 . Factors influencing the presence of PVP washout include lesion size as well as the liver and portal vein attenuation reflective of the portal haemodynamics.

title: Washout of XXXX on portal venous phase of multidetector computed tomography in a pre-transplant population.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity1956 :: ('MESH:D006509', 'Disease') :: ['hepatitis B']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['Liver to lesion']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'hepatocellular carcinoma']

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity5 of the conjunctiva in the @entity1641 are rare. We present a unique case of an intravascular @entity1377 of the conjunctiva. ANIMAL STUDIED: @entity1641 . PROCEDURES: Case report. A 6-year-old-mare presented with a red mass in the conjunctiva of the left eye. After complete ophthalmologic examination the lesion was excised. The tissue was processed for light microscopy and studied histopathologically. RESULTS: Pathologic examination revealed a nonencapsulated vascular lesion composed of confluent vascular spaces filled by multiple papillary structures composed of a central collagenous core lined by hyperplastic endothelial cells. There was neither atypical endothelial cell nor mitotic activity. CONCLUSIONS: Intravascular @entity1377 is a benign proliferative lesion that should be differentiated from @entity5 .

title: Intravascular XXXX of the conjunctiva in a @entity1641 .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant vascular tumors', 'Vascular tumors']

entities_list: @entity1377 :: ('MESH:D002291', 'Disease') :: ['papillary endothelial hyperplasia']

answer: @entity1377 :: (MESH:D002291,Disease) :: ['papillary endothelial hyperplasia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: High blood pressure and @entity64 are associated with increased risks of @entity303 and @entity73 . This study aimed to determine whether blood pressure lowering would reduce the risks of @entity303 and @entity73 among individuals with @entity66 . METHODS: The @entity4687 Protection Against Recurrent @entity64 Study (PROGRESS) was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial conducted among 6105 @entity1 with prior @entity64 or transient @entity63 attack. @entity1 were assigned to either active treatment ( @entity4687 for all @entity1 and @entity7486 for those with neither an indication for nor a contraindication to a diuretic) or matching placebo(s). The primary outcomes for these analyses were @entity303 (using DSM-IV criteria) and @entity73 (a decline of 3 or more points in the Mini-Mental State Examination score). RESULTS: During a mean follow-up of 3.9 years, @entity303 was documented in 193 (6.3%) of the 3051 randomized @entity1 in the actively treated group and 217 (7.1%) of the 3054 randomized @entity1 in the placebo group (relative risk reduction, 12% [95% confidence interval, -8% to 28%]; P =.2). @entity73 occurred in 9.1% of the actively treated group and 11.0% of the placebo group (risk reduction, 19% [95% confidence interval, 4% to 32%]; P =.01). The risks of the composite outcomes of @entity303 with recurrent @entity64 and of @entity73 with recurrent @entity64 were reduced by 34% (95% confidence interval, 3% to 55%) (P =.03) and 45% (95% confidence interval, 21% to 61%) (P<.001), respectively, with no clear effect on either @entity303 or @entity73 in the absence of recurrent @entity64 . CONCLUSIONS: Active treatment was associated with reduced risks of @entity303 and @entity73 associated with recurrent @entity64 . These findings further support the recommendation that blood pressure lowering with @entity4687 and @entity7486 therapy be considered for all @entity1 with @entity66 .

title: Effects of blood pressure lowering with @entity4687 and @entity7486 therapy on XXXX and @entity73 in @entity1 with @entity66 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'Participants', 'people']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'Stroke']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['cerebrovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity7486 :: ('MESH:D007190', 'Chemical') :: ['indapamide']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment', 'cognitive decline', 'Cognitive decline']

entities_list: @entity4687 :: ('MESH:D020913', 'Chemical') :: ['perindopril', 'Perindopril']

answer: @entity303 :: (MESH:D003704,Disease) :: ['dementia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study compared the efficacy and safety of once-weekly dulaglutide, a @entity8142 agonist, with daily insulin glargine, both combined with maximally tolerated doses of @entity2449 and @entity16024 in @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 . The primary objective was noninferiority of dulaglutide 1.5 mg to glargine in the HbA1c change from baseline at 52 weeks. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: In this 78-week, open-label study, 810 @entity1 were randomized to dulaglutide 1.5 mg, dulaglutide 0.75 mg, or glargine. RESULTS: The baseline mean    SD HbA1c was 8.1    1.0% (65.5    10.8 mmol/mol). The least squares mean    SE HbA1c change from baseline to the primary end point was -1.08    0.06% (-11.8    0.7 mmol/mol) for dulaglutide 1.5 mg, -0.76    0.06% (-8.3    0.7 mmol/mol) for dulaglutide 0.75 mg, and -0.63    0.06% (-6.9    0.7 mmol/mol) for glargine, with an end point mean    SD dose of 29    26 units (0.33    0.24 units/kg), and a fasting plasma @entity413 (mean    SD) of 118    23 mg/dL from self-monitored plasma @entity413 . Statistical criteria for superiority were met with dulaglutide 1.5 mg and for noninferiority with dulaglutide 0.75 mg. More @entity1 on dulaglutide 1.5 mg achieved @entity4051 c targets <7.0% (53 mmol/mol) versus glargine (P < 0.001). Body weight decreased with dulaglutide and increased with glargine. Total @entity4053 rates were lower with dulaglutide; severe @entity4053 was minimal. Increases in pancreatic enzymes were observed for dulaglutide. Incidence of @entity390 (15.4, 7.7, and 1.5%) and @entity294 (10.6, 9.2, and 5.7%) were more common with dulaglutide 1.5 mg and 0.75 mg than with glargine. CONCLUSIONS: Once-weekly dulaglutide 1.5 mg, compared with daily insulin glargine without forced titration, demonstrated greater @entity4051 c reduction and @entity353 , with a higher incidence of gastrointestinal adverse events and a lower risk of @entity4053 .

title: Efficacy and Safety of Once-Weekly Dulaglutide Versus Insulin Glargine in @entity1 With @entity164 2 @entity6 on XXXX and @entity16024 (AWARD-2).

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity16024 :: ('MESH:C057619', 'Chemical') :: ['glimepiride']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity4053 :: ('MESH:D007003', 'Disease') :: ['hypoglycemia']

entities_list: @entity8142 :: ('2740', 'Gene') :: ['glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity2449 :: ('MESH:D008687', 'Chemical') :: ['metformin']

answer: @entity2449 :: (MESH:D008687,Chemical) :: ['Metformin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Obesity is an underlying cause of the development of @entity65 ( @entity65 ). Obesity itself does not result in @entity65 , rather, it acts through intermediate-risk factors. Most, but not all, studies examining the @entity28 - @entity65 relationship have found them to be correlated. We hypothesized that the inconsistencies among the studies of the @entity65 were attributable to an irregular relationship between @entity28 and the presence of risk factors for @entity65 . METHODS: The Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Surgery database was queried regarding the presence of known cardiovascular risk factors as a function of @entity28 . These were further related to anthropomorphic measurements and analyzed by regression and contour mapping techniques. RESULTS: Of the conventional @entity65 risk factors, blood pressure, serum @entity413 , and waist circumference increased linearly with @entity1386 . The reverse was observed for high-density lipoprotein. Insulin, C-peptide, @entity755 , non-high-density lipoprotein @entity165 , low-density lipoprotein, and serum @entity1674 all peaked in the body mass index range of 30-40 kg/m(2) and then decreased with increasing degrees of @entity28 . CONCLUSION: Cardiovascular risk factors are markedly increased for many individuals with a body mass index >30 kg/m(2). @entity28 individuals might have better @entity65 risk profiles than @entity28 individuals. The discrepancy is related, in part, to body conformation. The criteria for @entity28 surgery should be changed to lower BMIs than are currently used if @entity1 have risk factors for @entity65 .

title: Do current body mass index criteria for XXXX surgery reflect cardiovascular risk?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['less obese', 'obesity', 'Massively obese']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity1386 :: ('MESH:D018205', 'Disease') :: ['adiposity']

entities_list: @entity755 :: ('338', 'Gene') :: ['apolipoprotein B']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['obesity-cardiovascular relationship', 'CVD', 'cardiovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obesity']


abstract: The aim of the present study was to access the function of @entity56878 pathway tested by the use of its inhibitor, @entity2306 , in maturation medium of @entity291 cumulus-oocyte complexes (COC) in @entity134 concentration in the medium, key enzymes of steroidogenic pathway and gonadotrophin receptors of cumulus cells. This study was performed in defined medium without serum and albumin (MIV B) in absence or presence of 10ngmL(-1) of FSH. @entity2671 10(-7)M was used as a precursor of steroidogenesis. @entity291 COC (n=35-40/well) collected from ovaries obtained at abattoirs of Brasilia (DF, Brazil) were cultivated in 400 L of medium MIV B; MIV B+100 molmL(-1) of @entity2306 ; MIV B added to 10ngmL(-1) of FSH; or MIV B added to 10ngmL(-1) of FSH+100 molmL(-1) of @entity2306 for 22 to 24h. After culture, COC were mechanically denuded and cumulus cells from 20 COC were isolated by centrifugation to determine the gene expression of LHR, @entity44503 , @entity21767 , @entity4127 , and @entity65930 by PCR real time. Cumulus cells of immature COC were also collected and analysed as the calibrator group. Student-Newman-Keuls was performed as statistical test. The culture medium was collected after culture to determine @entity1420 and 17b-oestradiol concentration by quimioluminescence method and to calculate @entity41282 ratio. Two-way ANOVA, followed by Bonferroni test, and t-test were performed to determine the statistical significance. The MIVB enhanced LHR, @entity44503 , @entity21767 , @entity4127 , and @entity65930 and @entity2306 inhibited the expression of all genes (P<0.05). MIVB+FSH decreased the expression of all genes (P<0.05) except @entity21767 . @entity2306 in the presence of 10ngmL(-1) of FSH did not affect the gene expression of @entity44503 , @entity21767 , and @entity65930 ; however, it increased expression of LHR and @entity4127 . @entity53 and @entity1420 production was increased by supplementation of FSH in MIVB (P<0.05), but the @entity41282 ratio did not differ between treatments. @entity2306 decreased @entity53 and @entity41282 ratio in absence or presence of FSH (P<0.05), but did not alter @entity1420 concentration in MIVB+FSH. The inhibitor of @entity56878 decreased the expression of steroidogenic proteins and @entity134 production in absence of FSH. The supplementation of FSH increased @entity134 production and decreased gene expression of steroidogenic enzymes, except @entity21767 . The inhibition of @entity56878 in presence of FSH increases LHR and @entity4127 expression. This fact suggests a strong role of the @entity56878 pathway in the regulation of LHR and @entity4127 expression.

title: 203 XXXX pathway is one of the key regulators of steroidogenesis of cumulus cells of @entity291 cumulus-oocyte complexes maturated in defined medium in the presence of fsh.

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone']

entities_list: @entity2671 :: ('MESH:D000735', 'Chemical') :: ['Androstenedione']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['oestradiol', 'Oestradiol']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

answer: @entity56878 :: (282306(Tax:9913),Gene) :: ['pi3-k']


abstract: @entity12123 is a novel hypnotic characterized by its action as a @entity2493 receptor ( @entity4911 / @entity13498 ) agonist. It has been reported that ramelteon can alter the phase of the sleep period. We report a @entity1 with @entity1442 and @entity1316 who improved with ramelteon. A 25-year-old @entity1 had a 5-year history of emotional instability, excessive @entity25 , and difficulty awakening. He had been diagnosed with @entity1316 and @entity2724 by a psychiatrist. @entity3756 , @entity1153 , @entity1092 , and @entity2727 were ineffective, and so he presented to our hospital. Interview data and a sleep log demonstrated a delayed @entity25 . As other examinations such as actigraphy and video-polysomnography indicated no other diseases, the @entity1 was diagnosed with @entity1442 , delayed @entity25 (ICSD-2). In addition, his mental symptoms were consistent with the criteria for cyclothymia (ICD-10). After the administration of ramelteon, the phase of his sleep period gradually advanced and his emotional instability improved. Because of the high rate of comorbidity between these two diseases, we should be aware of circadian @entity25 that are masked by @entity1316 .

title: [Effects of ramelteon on a @entity1 with @entity1442 and XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity2727 :: ('MESH:D008774', 'Chemical') :: ['methylphenidate']

entities_list: @entity1092 :: ('MESH:D014635', 'Chemical') :: ['valproate']

entities_list: @entity12123 :: ('MESH:C495910', 'Chemical') :: ['Ramelteon']

entities_list: @entity2493 :: ('MESH:D008550', 'Chemical') :: ['melatonin']

entities_list: @entity1442 :: ('MESH:D020178', 'Disease') :: ['circadian rhythm sleep disorder']

entities_list: @entity1316 :: ('MESH:D019964', 'Disease') :: ['mood disorder', 'mood disorders']

entities_list: @entity2724 :: ('MESH:D009290', 'Disease') :: ['narcolepsy']

entities_list: @entity3756 :: ('MESH:D020280', 'Chemical') :: ['Sertraline']

entities_list: @entity1153 :: ('MESH:C048107', 'Chemical') :: ['milnacipran']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['sleep phase', 'daytime sleepiness', 'sleep phase type', 'rhythm sleep disorders']

answer: @entity1316 :: (MESH:D019964,Disease) :: ['mood disorder']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In advanced metastatic @entity14 , the addition of a neo-adjuvant systemic treatment to surgery might translate into a survival advantage, although this is yet to be confirmed by ongoing randomized trials. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of preoperative systemic chemotherapy on the morphology of non-tumoral liver. @entity1 AND METHODS: A large series of surgically resected liver @entity3 (n=153) was selected. Light microscopy, electron microscopy, and immunohistochemistry using antibodies against endothelial cells ( @entity2279 ) and hepatic stellate cells (alpha-SM actin, @entity1969 ) were performed to identify sinusoidal wall integrity. RESULTS: We found that 44 (51%) of the 87 post-chemotherapic liver resection specimens had sinusoidal dilatation and @entity548 , related to @entity397 of the sinusoidal barrier. In contrast, the 66 livers treated by surgery alone remained normal. In 21 out of the 44 post-chemotherapy @entity1 (48%), perisinusoidal and veno-occlusive @entity82 also developed. @entity130 persisted several months after end of chemotherapy, and @entity82 may progress. Development of lesions was strongly correlated to the use of @entity901 ; 34 out of 43 @entity1 (78%) treated with this drug showed striking sinusoidal alterations. CONCLUSIONS: Systemic neo-adjuvant chemotherapy in metastatic @entity14 frequently causes morphological lesions involving hepatic microvasculature. @entity5501 , complicated by perisinusoidal @entity82 and veno-occlusive lesion of the non-tumoral liver revealed by this study, should be included in the list of the adverse side-effects of colorectal systemic chemotherapy, in particular related to the use of @entity901 .

title: Severe hepatic sinusoidal obstruction associated with @entity901 -based chemotherapy in @entity1 with metastatic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity901 :: ('MESH:C030110', 'Chemical') :: ['oxaliplatin']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal adenocarcinoma', 'colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity5501 :: ('MESH:D006504', 'Disease') :: ['Sinusoidal obstruction']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['Sinusoidal injury']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: There is minimal published data evaluating the oncological outcome of rectal resection with prostatectomy alone versus rectal resection with cystoprostatectomy in @entity1 undergoing pelvic exenteration for locally advanced or recurrent @entity5 . This study aims to evaluate the oncological and functional outcomes of performing rectal resection with prostatectomy alone compared with rectal resection with cystoprostatectomy in @entity1 undergoing pelvic exenteration. METHODS: Consecutive @entity1 undergoing pelvic exenteration for locally advanced or recurrent @entity5 between 1998 and 2012 were identified from a prospectively maintained database. @entity1 undergoing rectal resection with prostatectomy alone were compared with a control group who underwent rectal resection with cystoprostatectomy and urostomy formation. The primary outcome was overall survival. Secondary outcomes analysed in the prostatectomy group included completeness of resection, continence and erectile function. RESULTS: Eleven rectal resections with prostatectomy were compared with 20 rectal resections with cystoprostatectomy. R0 resection was achieved in 73 and 65% respectively. There was no difference in overall survival (P = 0.40). Urinary continence was achieved in 36% of prostatectomy alone @entity1 , while 27% experienced mild @entity322 . Erectile function was poor, with only one @entity1 able to maintain normal erections. CONCLUSION: In appropriately selected @entity1 with @entity5 , rectal resection with prostatectomy alone provides adequate oncological outcomes. The ability to achieve an R0 resection was not compromised and overall survival is comparable with cystoprostatectomy. Urinary function is reasonable in most @entity1 , although sexual function is compromised in almost all.

title: Cystoprostatectomy versus prostatectomy alone for locally advanced or recurrent XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['incontinence']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['invasive pelvic tumours', 'pelvic cancer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['pelvic cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: One of the @entity942 affecting animal breeding programs in Peruvian @entity7858 is the low reproductive performance leading to low number of animals available to select from, decreasing strongly the selection intensity. Some reproductive traits could be improved by artificial selection, but very few information about genetic parameters exists for these traits in this specie. The aim of this study was to estimate genetic parameters for six reproductive traits in @entity7858 both in Suri (SU) and Huacaya (HU) ecotypes, as well as their genetic relationship with fiber and morphological traits. Dataset belonging to Pacomarca experimental farm collected between 2000 and 2014 was used. Number of records for age at first service (AFS), age at first calving (AFC), @entity1054 ( @entity1054 ), @entity146 ( @entity146 ), gestation length (GL), and calving interval (CI) were, respectively, 1704, 854, 19,770, 5874, 4290 and 934. Pedigree consisted of 7742 animals. Regarding reproductive traits, model of analysis included additive and residual random effects for all traits, and also permanent environmental effect for @entity1054 , @entity146 , GL and CI traits, with color and year of recording as fixed effects for all the reproductive traits and also age at mating and sex of @entity291 for GL trait. Estimated heritabilities, respectively for HU and SU were 0.19 and 0.09 for AFS, 0.45 and 0.59 for AFC, 0.04 and 0.05 for @entity1054 , 0.07 and 0.05 for @entity146 , 0.12 and 0.20 for GL, and 0.14 and 0.09 for CI. Genetic correlations between them ranged from -0.96 to 0.70. No important genetic correlations were found between reproductive traits and fiber or morphological traits in HU. However, some moderate favorable genetic correlations were found between reproductive and either fiber and morphological traits in SU. According to estimated genetic correlations, some reproductive traits might be included as additional selection criteria in HU.

title: Estimation of genetic parameters for reproductive traits in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['pregnancy diagnosis', 'PD']

entities_list: @entity1054 :: ('MESH:D000377', 'Disease') :: ['copulation time', 'CT']

entities_list: @entity942 :: ('MESH:D003677', 'Disease') :: ['main deficiencies']

answer: @entity7858 :: (30538,Species) :: ['alpacas']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine both erythrocyte @entity2388 kinase activity (ePKA) at the time of diagnosis of @entity1 with @entity3052 and the differences in the ePKA profiles during the @entity5 and its chemotherapy. METHODS: A prospective, longitudinal clinical study was performed involving 57 @entity1 , 10 were the ones with relapse of @entity981 , 32 were the ones with @entity981 ( @entity981 ) and 15 were the ones with @entity706 . None of the subjects in this study group received treatment or blood transfusion before the study, except the ones diagnosed with relapse of @entity981 . Forty two healthy @entity1 were also selected to form the control group. In order to measure ePKA, blood samples were taken for five times, with 1.5 months apart between each other during the study. Statistical analysis were done by using Wilcoxon's signed rank test, Kruskall-Wallis with Mann-Whitney U Test and Spearman rank correlation coefficient test. RESULTS: The ePKA of the @entity1 with relapse of @entity981 , and @entity981 , but not the @entity1 with @entity706 , at the time of diagnosis were found to be lower compared to the one's in the control group (respectively p = 0.001, p = 0.003). The comparison between the first ePKA samples and the third ePKA samples of the @entity1 with both @entity981 and @entity706 showed a significant increase (respectively p = 0.006, and p = 0.047). CONCLUSION: The measurement of ePKA can be considered for follow-up the neoplastic treatment due to the fact that it is detected to be low in @entity1778 and relapse of @entity981 and in normal values after chemotherapy. However, more long-term studies, including more number of cases, are required to be carried out in order to prove the accuracy of this hypothesis. (Tab. 2, Fig. 1, Ref. 28.)

title: Erythrocyte @entity2388 kinase activity during chemotherapy in @entity1 with XXXX and @entity706 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity981 :: ('MESH:D054198', 'Disease') :: ['ALL', 'acute lymphoblastic leukemia']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant disease']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute leukemia or lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity2388 :: ('MESH:D019289', 'Chemical') :: ['pyruvate']

answer: @entity1778 :: (MESH:D007938,Disease) :: ['leukemia']


abstract: Nanoparticles are widely used for targeted drug delivery applications. Surface modification with appropriate polymer and ligands is carried out to target the drug to the affected area. @entity137 analysis is carried out to evaluate the safety of the surface modified nanoparticles. In this study, @entity1311 attached, @entity1501 functionalized, @entity968 modified @entity692 and @entity6701 nanoparticles were used for targeted drug delivery system. The toxicological behavior of the system was studied in vivo in @entity35 and @entity19 . Acute and subchronic studies were carried out. Biochemical, hematological, and histopathological analysis was also done. There were no significant alterations in the biochemical parameters at a low dosage. There was a small change in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) level at a high dosage. The results indicate a safe toxicological profile.

title: Acute and subchronic toxicity analysis of surface modified @entity1311 attached @entity692 and XXXX nanoparticles.

entities_list: @entity1501 :: ('MESH:D005492', 'Chemical') :: ['folic acid']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['Toxicity']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity692 :: ('MESH:D017886', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxyapatite']

entities_list: @entity6701 :: ('MESH:C009495', 'Chemical') :: ['titanium dioxide']

entities_list: @entity968 :: ('MESH:D011092', 'Chemical') :: ['polyethylene glycol']

answer: @entity6701 :: (MESH:C009495,Chemical) :: ['titanium dioxide']


abstract: The objective of the present study was to measure plasma @entity66525 ( @entity66525 ) at rest and during exercise in the @entity1641 . Six healthy, Standardbred and Thoroughbred mares (5.3+/-0.8 years; 445.2+/-13.1 kg) which were unfit, but otherwise accustomed to running on the treadmill, were used in the study. Plasma @entity66525 concentrations were measured using a commercially available radioimmunoassay kit. @entity1641 performed three trials: a standing control (CON) trial where blood was collected from the jugular vein every minute for 5 min; a graded exercise test (GXT) where blood samples were collected at the end of each 1 min step of an incremental exercise test; and a 15 min submaximal (60% VO(2max)) steady-state exercise test (SST) where blood samples were collected 1 min before, immediately after, and at 2 min, 10 min and 20 min post-exercise. Plasma @entity66525 concentration did not change (P>0.05) during the CON trial where it averaged 0.18+/- 0.03 pg/mL (mean+/-SE). Surprisingly, plasma @entity66525 concentration did not change during the GXT trial where it averaged 0.20+/-0.03 pg/mL. There were no differences between the mean concentrations obtained in either trial (P>0.05). Plasma @entity66525 concentrations were, however, significantly elevated (P<0.05) immediately following exercise and at 2 min post-exercise in the SST. Post-exercise plasma @entity66525 concentrations returned to baseline (P>0.05) by 10 min of recovery. Together, these data may suggest that @entity66525 concentrations are altered in response to an exercise challenge.

title: Endothelin response during and after exercise in XXXX .

answer: @entity1641 :: (9796,Species) :: ['horses']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: No experimental data has been published on the long-term effects of decompressive craniotomy in @entity101 @entity35 with space-occupying @entity385 . The aim of the present study was to investigate the efficacy of decompressive craniectomy in a @entity2500 ( @entity2500 ) model of @entity101 @entity35 in a prolonged period. METHODS: Totally 92 @entity64 -prone renovascular @entity101 @entity35 (RHRSP) were subjected to left @entity2500 by an endovascular occlusion technique. The decompressive craniectomy was performed on 26 RHRSP at 1 and 24 h after @entity2500 , respectively. @entity1188 volume, neurological performance, and mortality were evaluated at 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks after @entity2500 . RESULTS: The mortality was reduced from 52.5% in controls to 7.7% and 23.1% in the @entity35 underwent craniectomy at 1 and 24 h after @entity2500 , respectively (P < 0.05, respectively). All of the treated @entity35 presented smaller @entity1188 volume from 1 week to 8 weeks and better neurological performance at 4-8 weeks after @entity2500 compared to the controls (P < 0.05, respectively). The craniectomy at early stage was more effective than that at late stage in reducing @entity1188 volume and improving neurological performances at 1 and 2 weeks (P < 0.05, respectively). However, there was no significant difference in @entity1188 volume and neurological scores between the treated groups of @entity35 at 4 and 8 weeks after @entity2500 (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Although the early craniectomy is more effective than delayed craniectomy in improving short-term outcome, the latter has the similar beneficial effects as early craniectomy on long-term outcome in @entity101 @entity35 with space-occupying @entity385 .

title: Delayed decompressive craniectomy improves the long-term outcomes in @entity101 XXXX with space-occupying @entity385 .

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity2500 :: ('MESH:D020244', 'Disease') :: ['MCAO', 'middle cerebral artery occlusion']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['Infarct', 'infarct']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral infarction']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: The aim of the study was to characterize vascular stroma in @entity463 ( @entity463 ), to analyze its immunomorphological features, and to seek a relationship between @entity1 ' age and characteristics of the @entity5 microcirculation. Subjects in the study were 38 @entity1 with @entity463 , divided into two groups according to their age: group I--14 @entity1 aged under 49 (from 32 to 49), and group II--24 @entity1 over 50 years of age (51-78). Main types of vessels were specified: microvessels with normal morphology (capillaries, arterioles/venules), @entity8721 , haemangioma--like forms, and microvascular proliferation types--simple and glomeruloid. An immunohistochemical analysis of the vascular stroma was performed with monoclonal antibodies against @entity2881 and @entity2279 , ASM, and Collagen IV (DAKO) to visualize the vessel wall components. The immunomorphological analysis was carried out for particular types of vessels separately. The @entity2881 and ASM expression ratios--percentage of immunopositive area on 10 representative @entity5 fields under 100 x HPF--were assessed using a computer image analyzer. The incidence of some vessel types was dependent on the @entity1 ' age: in group I vascular--rich areas were more numerous, while in group II glomeruloid proliferation was more frequent--20/24-83.3% vs 8/14-57.1%. Immunoreactivity of the examined antigens was not related to the @entity1 ' age. The endothelial markers positivity was found within cells directly around the vascular lumen, and the reaction with @entity2881 was more pronounced than @entity2279 reactivity. The most intense reactions were noted in proliferative changes of both types and in capillaries. ASM reactivity was found in abluminal cells within all types of vessels, most abundant in glomeruloid proliferation. ASM positivity was present also in some capillaries. Collagen IV staining revealed @entity854 in the vascular basement membrane structure. No significant intergroup differences were found in the @entity2881 and ASM expression ratios. However, in both groups the ASM expression ratio was significantly higher than that of @entity2881 expression (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Expression of the vascular wall antigens under study depends on the blood vessel type. The number of cells with smooth muscle phenotype is significantly higher than that of endothelial cells, especially within proliferative vascular changes. Microvascular changes intensity is higher in the older @entity1 group.

title: [Immunomorphological analysis of the vascular stroma in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity8721 :: ('MESH:D013684', 'Disease') :: ['telangiectases']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['various abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity463 :: ('MESH:D005909', 'Disease') :: ['GB', 'glioblastoma']

answer: @entity463 :: (MESH:D005909,Disease) :: ['glioblastoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 212 Background: @entity0 survivors have physical and psychosocial symptoms which, if unaddressed, result in unmet need. Unmet need has been examined primarily in long term survivors, and understanding the characteristics associated with unmet need is under-studied among recent @entity1 . METHODS: Eligibility included non-metastatic @entity0 treated < 1 year prior. @entity1 completed a PRO symptom measure and reported unmet need for assistance for symptoms. Concerns about recurrence risk, late effects, health maintenance, family needs, and hereditary risks were assessed. @entity148 and @entity308 symptoms were assessed using the HADS; quality of life (QoL),using the SF-12. RESULTS: @entity1 (N = 137) were primarily white (72%), middle-aged (M = 55 yrs), and treated for Stage I (47%) or II (38%) @entity0 . @entity1 reported an average of 10.7 symptoms (R = 0-18), while unmet need was less common (M = 2.6, R = 0-15). Physical and mental health QoL were similar to norm values (M = 48.0; M = 53.5). 13% and 29% met "caseness" (i.e., criteria for significant elevation) for @entity308 or @entity148 on the HADS, respectively. Unmet need was trichotomized into no (0), low (1-3), and elevated (4-15) groups. Level of unmet need was not predicted by demographic variables, time from end of treatment, treatment exposure, @entity5 , or physical QoL. Groups differed significantly with respect to level of @entity1 concern, mental health QoL, @entity148 and @entity308 , and meeting caseness for @entity308 on the HADS (all p < 0.03) with elevated needs being associated with worse outcomes. In multivariate analysis, overall unmet need was independently predicted by @entity308 and level of survivorship concerns (R(2) = .28, p < .001). CONCLUSIONS: In the year after treatment, @entity1 reported symptoms are common, but unmet need is less common. QoL is similar to national norms. Higher unmet need is associated with worse psychosocial adaptation, including QoL, @entity1 concerns, @entity148 , and @entity308 . In particular, @entity308 and survivorship concerns independently predict unmet need. Addressing unmet needs among recent @entity0 survivors may be one means of improving the psychological functioning of these survivors.

title: XXXX -reported outcomes (PROs), unmet need, and psychosocial adaptation among recent @entity0 ( @entity0 ) survivors.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression', 'depressive']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['staging']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['Anxiety', 'anxiety']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patient']


abstract: PURPOSE: We studied the effects of intravitreally administered prinomastat on the take rate and growth of @entity2184 after xenograft implantation in @entity95 @entity2184 model. METHODS: Uveal @entity320 xenograft was implanted to suprachoroidal space in each eye of 24 pigmented @entity95 which were immunosuppressed with @entity205 . One week after surgery, the eyes were randomized to receive prinomastat or the vehicle of the prinomastat intravitreally every week for 4 weeks. The take rate of the xenograft, @entity5 height, apoptosis, and @entity39 in the eyes which developed @entity5 from the treatment and control groups were compared. RESULTS: A @entity5 mass was identified in 8 of 24 (33%) prinomastat-treated eyes and 20 of 24 (83%) of the vehicle-treated eyes. Echographic measurements revealed a mean @entity5 height of 2.2 mm in the @entity65220 -treated group and 3.8 mm in the control group in those eyes with take of @entity5 (p < 0.001). Stereomicroscopic measurements showed a mean @entity5 height of 1.9 mm in the treatment group and 3.9 mm in the control group (p < 0.001). The mean number of apoptotic nuclei detected per mm(2) of the histologic section in the @entity5 was 8.12 in the prinomastat-treated group and 0.57 in the control group (p < 0.001). Evaluation of the digital images in microscopic sections of the @entity5 on histologic slides revealed 29.6% @entity39 in prinomastat-treated eyes as compared to 10.9% in vehicle-treated eyes (p = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that prinomastat treatment significantly reduces the take rate and the growth rate of xenograft in @entity2184 @entity95 model.

title: The effect of prinomastat ( XXXX ), a synthetic inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases, on @entity2184 @entity95 model.

entities_list: @entity65220 :: ('MESH:C113282', 'Chemical') :: ['prinomastat']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'non-necrotic tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity95 :: ('9986', 'Species') :: ['rabbits', 'rabbit']

entities_list: @entity2184 :: ('MESH:C536494', 'Disease') :: ['uveal melanoma']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporine']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma']

answer: @entity65220 :: (MESH:C113282,Chemical) :: ['AG3340']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Increasing evidence has confirmed that dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) can contribute to the progression and @entity3 of @entity1 @entity5 . Previous studies have shown that dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) can contribute to the progression and @entity3 of @entity1 @entity5 . However, the precise mechanisms of @entity24341 in @entity421 have not been well clarified. Real-time PCR was performed to detect the expression of @entity24341 in @entity421 cell lines. @entity24341 mimic, @entity24341 inhibitor and negative control were transfected into @entity421 cells and the effects of @entity24341 on the cell growth and @entity3 were investigated. Furthermore, protein level of @entity24852 was measured by western blotting. Luciferase assays were performed to validate @entity24852 as @entity24341 target in @entity421 cells. We found that @entity24341 was downregulated in @entity421 cell lines. Introduction of @entity24341 significantly inhibited proliferation, arrested cell cycle and induced apoptosis in @entity421 cells. Besides, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of @entity421 cells was suppressed by overexpressing @entity24341 . However, downregulation of @entity24341 promoted cell growth and @entity3 in @entity421 cells. Bioinformatics analysis predicted that @entity24852 was a potential target gene of @entity24341 . Luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that @entity24341 could directly target @entity24852 . Moreover, the low level of @entity24341 was associated with increased expression of @entity24852 in @entity421 cells. @entity24852 inhibition suppressed cell malignant behaviors. Overexpression of @entity24852 in @entity421 cells transfected with @entity24341 mimic partially reversed the inhibitory effect of @entity24341 . In conclusion, @entity24341 inhibited cell growth and @entity3 in @entity421 cells by downregulation of @entity24852 , and knockdown of @entity24852 was essential for the @entity24341 -inhibited cell growth and @entity3 in @entity421 cells.

title: MicroRNA-132 inhibits cell growth and @entity3 in XXXX cell lines possibly by targeting @entity24852 .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity421 :: ('MESH:D012516', 'Disease') :: ['osteosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity421 :: (MESH:D012516,Disease) :: ['osteosarcoma']


abstract: The burden of chronic and @entity9 is high making it an important public health problem. The epidemiology is not well known in the general population in sub-Saharan Africa. We aimed to determine the prevalence of @entity1118 with a @entity1109 component at Tititou in Parakou in northeastern Benin. A cross-sectional study was conducted from 1st April to 31 May 2012 and included 2314 @entity1 in a door-to-door survey. @entity1118 was defined as @entity158 occurring for more than three months. @entity9 was assessed with the @entity25255 score. A neurological exam was performed by a young physician for all @entity1 with @entity1118 . During the interview, sociodemographic data, past medical history, weight and height were recorded. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to analyze the main associated factors. Among the 2314 @entity1 included in this survey, 49.7% were male. The mean age was 32.3  13.1years. Nine hundred seven reported @entity158 occurring for more than 3months. The prevalence of @entity1118 was 39.2% (CI95%: 29.3-34.7). It was more frequent in females, older @entity1 , among @entity6 , @entity1 with a history of any surgery, @entity64 , @entity131 , and @entity988 . The prevalence of @entity1118 with a @entity1109 component was 6.3% (CI95%: 5.0-7.9). The main associated factors were age, matrimonial status, professional occupation, body mass index, @entity6 , history of zoster, history of any surgery, @entity131 . @entity1 with @entity9 often reported @entity158 with burning (87.6%), prickling (82.8%), @entity1183 (66.9%), tingling (63.4%), and @entity158 (48.3%). The main locations were the lower limbs and @entity1643 . This study suggested the high frequency of chronic @entity9 in the general population in Parakou compared with rates reported in western countries.

title: [Prevalence and characteristics of @entity1118 with XXXX component at Parakou in northern Benin in 2012].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['people', 'People']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['brain trauma']

entities_list: @entity1643 :: ('MESH:D017116', 'Disease') :: ['low back pain']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetics', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity988 :: ('MESH:D000437', 'Disease') :: ['alcoholism']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathic']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'lightning pain']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic pain', 'chronic pain']

entities_list: @entity9 :: ('MESH:D009437', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathic pain', 'Neuropathic pain']

answer: @entity1109 :: (MESH:D012678,Disease) :: ['neuropathic']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Previous studies have shown @entity32 is more prevalent in @entity28 @entity1 . @entity32 in the chorionic villi ("villitis") of the placenta is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes such as @entity1592 and @entity1468 . The objective of the study is to determine how gestational @entity1017 in @entity28 @entity1 affects @entity32 . METHODS: A retrospective review of placental pathology from @entity28 @entity1 (body mass index [BMI, calculated as weight (kg)/[height (m)]] 35 or higher) who delivered from 2011 to 2014 was conducted. The primary outcome was @entity32 identified on pathologic examination. Inflammatory placental markers were compared in @entity28 @entity1 who had gained less than 50th% for gestational @entity1017 (low gestational @entity1017 ) with those who gained greater than 50th% (high gestational @entity1017 ). t tests and crosstabulations were used to compare inflammatory markers and gestational @entity1017 . RESULTS: Sixty-four @entity28 @entity1 were included. The mean gestational @entity1017 in the low gestational @entity1017 group was 2.7  9.55 lbs compared with 35.1  12.80 lbs for the high gestational @entity1017 group. On placental pathology, villitis was common in all @entity28 @entity1 (26.6%) but was not different between the gestational @entity1017 groups ( @entity4666 ). Fetal @entity715 , which can be associated with villitis, also did not occur more often in @entity28 @entity1 with @entity1017 (25.0% compared with 31.3%, @entity8755 ). There were also no differences between placental @entity1188 (29%, low gestational @entity1017 , compared with 9.4%, high gestational @entity1017 , @entity51226 ) or placental weight (492 g, low gestational @entity1017 , compared with 536 g, high gestational @entity1017 , @entity8569 ). CONCLUSION: Increased gestational @entity1017 does not appear to affect placental inflammatory markers in @entity28 @entity1 in our cohort.

title: The Effect of Gestational Weight Gain on Placental @entity32 in Obese XXXX [169].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['Inflammation', 'placental inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1592 :: ('MESH:D005317', 'Disease') :: ['intrauterine growth restriction']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['increased gestational weight gain', 'weight gain']

entities_list: @entity1468 :: ('MESH:D011225', 'Disease') :: ['preeclampsia']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Women']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Previously, our group has demonstrated that chronic paracetamol (APAP) treatment induces alterations to the trigeminovascular nociceptive system in the @entity308 ( @entity308 ) @entity2704 animal model. The @entity4655 ( @entity4655 ) is a key neuropeptide involved in the activation of the trigeminovascular nociceptive system. Therefore, this study examined the expression levels of @entity4655 in the @entity4494 ( @entity4494 ) after chronic APAP exposure (0, 15, and 30 days) using a @entity308 model. @entity35 were divided into control, @entity308 only, APAP only and APAP treatment with @entity308 groups. A single injection (i.p.) of APAP (200   mg/kg body weight) was given to the 0-day APAP-treated groups, while the other APAP-treated groups received daily injections for 15 and 30 days. @entity308 was induced by the topical application of KCl to the parietal cortex. The protein expression of @entity4655 in the @entity4494 was evaluated by immunohistochemistry, and the @entity4655 mRNA level was investigated by real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The results revealed that the induction of @entity308 significantly increased the level of @entity4655 protein but had no effect on @entity4655 mRNA level. Pretreatment with APAP 1 hour before @entity308 activation significantly reduced @entity4655 expression induced by @entity308 . In contrast, chronic treatment with APAP (15 and 30 days) significantly enhanced @entity4655 expression in both protein and mRNA levels when compared with the control groups. In combination with @entity308 , the expression of @entity4655 further increased in the animal with 30 day treatment. These findings indicate that chronic treatment with APAP induces an increase of @entity4655 expression in the @entity4494 . This alteration may be associated with the increased trigeminovascular nociception observed in our previous studies.

title: Up-regulation of calcitonin gene-related peptide in XXXX following chronic exposure to paracetamol in a @entity308 @entity2704 animal model.

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['cortical spreading depression', 'CSD']

entities_list: @entity4494 :: ('MESH:D045888', 'Disease') :: ['TG', 'trigeminal ganglion']

entities_list: @entity4655 :: ('24241(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['CGRP', 'calcitonin gene related peptide']

answer: @entity4494 :: (MESH:D045888,Disease) :: ['trigeminal ganglion']


abstract: We determined if the risk of relapse is increased in @entity1 with the concomitant diagnosis of @entity1137 ( @entity1137 ) and an @entity3 , suggesting the need for a more aggressive surgical approach. A retrospective chart review was conducted from the University of Michigan's Cancer Registry of @entity1 with @entity1137 and a simultaneous @entity3 and @entity1 with @entity3 only diagnosed between 1981 and 1997. The two groups were compared statistically with the following variables: age at diagnosis, @entity5 stage, histopathologic type of @entity5 , type of surgery, first line of treatment, relapse status with dates, site of relapse, and vital status. Statistically significant differences were found in the distribution of age (mean p = 0.0484 and median p = 0.0216), and histopathologic type of @entity5 (p < 0.0001). No significant difference was noted in the overall survival between the two groups (p = 0.511). There was also a significant difference in the relapse-free survival curves between the groups (p = 0.032). The risk of relapse was almost double (1.92) for the @entity5 @entity1 relative to @entity1 with @entity1137 as a histologic component of @entity5 . There was no significant increase in contralateral or ipsilateral breast recurrence for @entity1 with @entity1137 and an @entity3 compared to an @entity3 alone. This lends support to the use of breast conservation therapy for @entity3 @entity1 with a histologic component of @entity1137 . The significant difference in the types of @entity5 may support the theory of genetic progression of @entity1137 to @entity5 , but clearly further data are required to prove this hypothesis.

title: @entity1137 in situ and XXXX : the contralateral breast controversy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1137 :: ('MESH:D018275', 'Disease') :: ['lobular carcinoma in situ', 'LCIS']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'cancer-only']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['invasive cancer']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['invasive cancer']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The study was undertaken to evaluate the postganglionic sympathetic sudomotor function employing the quantitative sudomotor axon reflex test (QSART) in tauopathies @entity195 ( @entity195 ) and behavioral variant of frontotemporal @entity303 (bvFTD). METHODS: @entity1 were recruited in a prospective pilot study. A structured history was taken and QSART was recorded. RESULTS: In all, 15 @entity1 with @entity195 (7 female) and 14 @entity1 with bvFTD (9 female) were included. Mean age (  standard deviation) of @entity1 with @entity195 and bvFTD was 74    9 and 71    10 years, respectively. Severe @entity409 (Composite Autonomic Severity sudomotor score 3) was present in 3 (20%) @entity1 with @entity195 and 0 (0%) @entity1 with bvFTD (P = .037). The upper extremity was only involved in 1 @entity1 with @entity195 and 1 @entity1 with bvFTD. Sweat results of the 4 recording sites did not differ between both groups. @entity1 ' history correlated with severe autonomic symptoms as assessed with QSART. CONCLUSION: Postganglionic sudomotor involvement in @entity195 and bvFTD is most likely not part of the disease.

title: The Peripheral Sympathetic Neuron is Intact in XXXX and Behavioral Variant of Frontotemporal @entity303 .

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['sudomotor dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['AD', "Alzheimer's disease"]

answer: @entity195 :: (MESH:D000544,Disease) :: ['Alzheimer's Disease']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: To examine the efficacy of @entity1341 alone and in combination with @entity3303 or @entity3575 for epidural @entity1337 during labor. DESIGN: Randomized, single-blind study. SETTING: Labor and delivery unit at a university medical center. @entity1 : Forty-five primiparas requesting epidural @entity1337 . INTERVENTIONS: Following epidural placement at @entity6357 interspace, @entity1 received either @entity1341 0.5% (Group 1, n = 15), @entity1341 0.25% with @entity3303 1% (Group 2, n = 15), or @entity1341 0.5% with @entity3575 50 micrograms in 10 ml of saline (Group 3, n = 15). @entity1 in Groups 1 and 2 received 6 to 10 ml of local anesthetic depending on @entity1 height, while @entity1 in Group 3 received 5 ml of local anesthetic plus 50 micrograms of @entity3575 in 10 ml of saline. All solutions contained epinephrine 1:200,000. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: @entity1 were assessed at regular intervals following administration of the epidural solution. Visual analog scale (VAS) scores were used to measure onset of @entity1337 , time to complete @entity158 relief, duration of @entity1337 , and @entity1 satisfaction with therapy. The frequency of shivering and @entity111 and the extent of sensory/ @entity616 also were evaluated. There were no intragroup differences in time to complete @entity158 relief or @entity1 satisfaction. However, @entity1 in Group 3 noted the most rapid onset and longest duration of @entity158 relief. @entity1 in Group 3 also experienced significantly less shivering and had the lowest degree of @entity616 . Two @entity1 in Group 3 experienced mild @entity111 . CONCLUSIONS: Epidurally administered @entity3575 safely extended the duration of @entity1337 while reducing @entity1341 dose requirements and magnitude of @entity616 . In this setting, the combination of @entity1341 and @entity3303 offered no clinical advantage over @entity1341 alone.

title: The clinical effectiveness of epidural @entity1341 , @entity1341 with @entity3303 , and @entity1341 with @entity3575 for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1337 :: ('MESH:D000699', 'Disease') :: ['analgesia', 'labor analgesia']

entities_list: @entity111 :: ('MESH:D011537', 'Disease') :: ['pruritus']

entities_list: @entity1341 :: ('MESH:D002045', 'Chemical') :: ['bupivacaine']

entities_list: @entity3303 :: ('MESH:D008012', 'Chemical') :: ['lidocaine']

entities_list: @entity3575 :: ('MESH:D005283', 'Chemical') :: ['fentanyl']

entities_list: @entity616 :: ('MESH:D006327', 'Disease') :: ['motor block']

answer: @entity1337 :: (MESH:D000699,Disease) :: ['labor analgesia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3505 -dependent, exercise-induced @entity2021 (WDEIA) is a severe @entity566 where @entity3505 ingestion together with physical exercise induces @entity2021 . We have previously shown that @entity1 with WDEIA have IgE antibodies against gliadin proteins and identified omega-5 gliadin (Tri a 19) as a major allergen. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to examine gliadin-specific IgG subclass, IgA and IgE antibodies, basophil @entity112 release and cell-mediated responses in WDEIA. METHODS: Sera and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were obtained from @entity1 with WDEIA and from controls without @entity27106 . Serum antibodies to crude gliadin extract (CGE) and purified omega-5 gliadin were measured by ELISA and basophil reactivity by @entity112 -release test. Gliadin-induced cell-mediated responses were assessed by lymphocyte proliferation assay, and cytokine mRNA expression with real-time quantitative PCR. RESULTS: All @entity1 with WDEIA, but none of the controls, had IgE antibodies to CGE and omega-5 gliadin. Both allergens released high levels of @entity112 from the basophils of @entity1 with WDEIA. Levels of IgA antibodies to CGE and omega-5 gliadin were significantly elevated in the @entity1 , but the distribution of IgG subclass antibodies showed no statistically significant differences between the two groups. Proliferative responses of PBMC to CGE were increased in @entity1 with WDEIA, and stimulation of PBMC with CGE caused, both in @entity1 and in controls, a clear induction of @entity688 mRNA. Compared with the controls, induction of @entity688 mRNA expression in @entity1 with WDEIA was significantly (P < 0.01) suppressed. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that, in addition to IgE antibodies against omega-5 gliadin, specific IgA antibodies may be involved in the pathogenesis of WDEIA. Decreased expression of @entity688 mRNA in PBMC during gliadin stimulation may facilitate the development of gliadin-specific T cell responses.

title: Humoral and cellular responses to gliadin in XXXX -dependent, exercise-induced @entity2021 .

entities_list: @entity27106 :: ('MESH:D021182', 'Disease') :: ['wheat allergy']

entities_list: @entity112 :: ('MESH:D006632', 'Chemical') :: ['histamine']

entities_list: @entity2021 :: ('MESH:D000707', 'Disease') :: ['anaphylaxis']

answer: @entity3505 :: (4565,Species) :: ['wheat']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Developmental status at birth and subsequent @entity28 have been implicated in the development of @entity483 ( @entity483 ) and @entity2023 ( @entity2023 ). METHODS: The current study analysed the cohort data of 74   688 junior high school students from a national retrospective birth cohort study in Taiwan. A random 10% sample was selected from singleton livebirths with complete data on the analytical variables of interest. @entity74 , including @entity483 and @entity2023 , were assessed by questionnaires (International Study of @entity566 in Childhood). Logistic regression analyses were applied with adjustments for related risk factors. RESULTS: Among subjects mainly 13-15 years of age, the estimated prevalence was 7.6% for @entity483 and 22.4% for @entity2023 . While the role of fetal growth in @entity56 was less evident, the risk of developing @entity483 and @entity2023 were both influenced by a combination of fetal growth status and adolescent body mass index (BMI). Compared with those with normal fetal growth and school-aged BMI, the risk of developing @entity483 increased 64% among adolescents with both restricted fetal growth and high BMI (odds ratio 1.64, 95% confidence interval   1.37, 1.97). The risk for this combination was higher than that for either restricted fetal growth or high BMI alone. Nevertheless, the overall interaction between BMI and fetal growth status on @entity74 did not reach statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS: Excessive @entity1017 could be an important risk factor related to developing @entity483 and @entity2023 during @entity4806 , especially among @entity1 born small for gestational age.

title: Fetal Growth, Obesity, and XXXX in Adolescence: a Retrospective Birth Cohort Study.

entities_list: @entity483 :: ('MESH:D003876', 'Disease') :: ['childhood atopic dermatitis', 'atopic dermatitis', 'AD']

entities_list: @entity2023 :: ('MESH:D006255', 'Disease') :: ['allergic rhinitis', 'AR']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity566 :: ('MESH:D006967', 'Disease') :: ['Asthma and Allergies']

entities_list: @entity4806 :: ('MESH:D063766', 'Disease') :: ['adolescence']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['weight gain']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic disorders']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['Atopic disorders', 'atopic disorders']

answer: @entity74 :: (MESH:D030342,Disease) :: ['Atopic Disorders']


abstract: PURPOSE: In Phase I, the purpose was to determine the maximum tolerated dose and pharmacokinetics of @entity1205 plus @entity786 (DC) with and without granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in the treatment of @entity1 with solid @entity5 . For Phase II, the purpose was to determine the safety and efficacy of this combination as first-line treatment in @entity1 with @entity0 ( @entity0 ). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: In Phase I (45 @entity1 ), @entity1205 was escalated from 60 mg/m(2) to 85 mg/m(2), and @entity786 from 600 mg/m(2) to 800 mg/m(2). Pharmacokinetic evaluation of @entity1205 was performed in 19 @entity1 with @entity0 . In Phase II (34 @entity1 ), @entity1 received @entity786 (600 mg/m(2)) followed by @entity1205 (75 mg/m(2)), i.v. RESULTS: In Phase I, the dose-limiting @entity137 was @entity1398 -related events. The maximum tolerated dose for DC was 75 mg/m(2)/700 mg/m(2) in solid @entity5 @entity1 treated previously and 75 mg/m(2)/800 mg/m(2) for @entity1 not treated previously for @entity0 . Dose escalation of @entity1205 >75 mg/m(2) was not tolerated, despite prophylactic granulocyte colony-stimulating factor treatment. In Phase II, 71% of @entity1 received prior anthracycline therapy. @entity221 requiring i.v. antibiotics occurred in 6 @entity1 (19%). One @entity1 had grade 3 @entity16 . There was no @entity1370 . The overall Phase II intent-to-treat objective response rate was 65% (complete responses, 12%). The median overall survival was 22 months, and the median time to progression was 6 months. CONCLUSIONS: DC combination therapy is an active regimen with acceptable @entity137 and is appropriate regardless of prior @entity4349 therapy. In view of the high activity and lack of @entity1370 , this combination warrants additional investigation in early stage @entity0 and in combination with trastuzumab.

title: A Phase I study of @entity1205 plus XXXX in solid @entity5 followed by a Phase II study as first-line therapy in @entity0 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer', 'metastatic breast cancer', 'MBC']

entities_list: @entity4349 :: ('CHEBI:48120', 'Chemical') :: ['anthracycline']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['Neutropenic fever']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity1370 :: ('MESH:D066126', 'Disease') :: ['cardiotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity1205 :: ('MESH:C067311', 'Chemical') :: ['docetaxel']

answer: @entity786 :: (MESH:D003520,Chemical) :: ['cyclophosphamide']