abstract: STUDY DESIGN: This study was an exploratory repeated measures design comparing @entity1 undergoing two magnitudes of surgery in the lumbar spine: lumbar @entity890 repair and posterior lumbar fusion. OBJECTIVE: The present study evaluated and compared the effect of perceived @entity158 , perceived stress, @entity148 , and mood on natural killer cell activity (NKCA) and @entity650 production among adult @entity1 undergoing lumbar surgery. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Presurgical stress and @entity148 can lead to detrimental @entity1 outcomes after surgery, such as @entity281 rates. It has been hypothesized that such outcomes are due to stress-immune alterations, which may be further exacerbated by the extent of surgery. However, psychologic stress, @entity148 , and mood have not been previously characterized in @entity1 undergoing spinal surgery. METHODS: @entity158 , stress, @entity148 , and mood were measured using self-report instruments at T1 (1 week before surgery), T2 (the day of surgery), T3 (the day after surgery), and T4 (6 weeks after surgery). Blood (30 mL) was collected for immune assessments at each time point. RESULTS: @entity158 , stress, @entity148 , and mood state were elevated at baseline in both surgical groups and were associated with significant reduction in NKCA compared with the nonsurgical control group. A further decrease in NKCA was observed 24 hours after surgery in both surgical groups with a significant rise in stimulated @entity650 production, regardless of the magnitude of surgery. In the recovery period, NKCA increased to or above baseline values, which correlated with decreased levels of reported @entity158 , perceived stress, @entity148 , and mood state. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated that @entity1 undergoing elective spinal surgery are highly stressed and anxious, regardless of the magnitude of surgery and that such psychologic factors may mediate a reduction in NKCA.

title: Immune function, @entity158 , and psychological stress in XXXX undergoing spinal surgery.

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['increased infection']

entities_list: @entity890 :: ('MESH:D007405', 'Disease') :: ['herniated disc']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: @entity1418 ( @entity1418 ) of bone is a relatively rare primary @entity5 and an aggressive @entity5 , characterized by a high frequency of local recurrence and distant @entity3 . The most common metastatic site is the lung (>80%), followed by bone and regional lymph node. @entity3 to other sites is extremely rare. In this report, we describe the skin as being the initial metastatic site for @entity1418 of bone. A 42-year-old female presented with a @entity3478 involving the right proximal tibia. She underwent @entity5 excision and knee joint reconstruction. Histologic examination confirmed a striform-pleomorphic type of @entity1418 of bone. Six months postoperatively, the @entity1 developed a scalp @entity3 . Wide local excision was performed. Six months after the scalp operation, the @entity1 was alive with no further relapse. We should keep the skin in mind as the possible initial site of metastatic @entity1418 of bone.

title: Scalp XXXX from malignant fibrous histiocytoma of bone.

entities_list: @entity3478 :: ('MESH:D001859', 'Disease') :: ['bone tumor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'malignant neoplasm']

entities_list: @entity1418 :: ('MESH:D051677', 'Disease') :: ['Malignant fibrous histiocytoma', 'MFH']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'Metastasis']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['metastasis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of coronary abnormalities on reconstruction of right ventricular outflow tract in @entity1 with @entity299 . METHODS: Eighty @entity1 , including tetralogy of Fallot 14 cases and double outlet right ventricle (DORV) 4 cases with anomalous coronary artery, underwent surgical treatment from April 1989 to May 2004. The coronary diseases included single left or right coronary artery in 11 cases, left anterior descending coronary artery originating from right coronary artery in 6 cases, vascular plexus on right outflow tract in 1 case. One-stage correction was undergone in 17 cases, palliative procedure in 1 case. The reconstruction methods were as follows: mobilizing coronary artery and expanding incision under coronary artery with pericardial patches in 4 cases; repairing @entity1757 ( @entity1757 ) via the incision beneath the coronary artery and expanding @entity4266 ( @entity4266 ) and pulmonary via longitudinal incision over the coronary artery in 3 cases. @entity1757 were repaired via right atrium and minimal incision on @entity4266 plus incision on pulmonary were made to expand @entity4266 . Trunk of pulmonary were @entity254 with @entity4266 in 3 cases. Homograft valved aorta were used in 3 cases. RESULTS: One case died of serious @entity998 postoperatively. There was no critical complication of @entity548 and respiratory tract. @entity26 saturation rose from 68.0% to 82.0% after treated by palliative procedure. Seventeen cases were followed from 10 months to 8 years, 1 case suddenly died with no clear cause. Three cases were with residual leak, 3 with residual obstruction. CONCLUSIONS: Surgical procedure should be selected according to the characteristics of @entity301 with @entity299 .

title: [The effects of coronary abnormalities on reconstruction of right ventricular outflow tract in XXXX with @entity299 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity998 :: ('MESH:D002303', 'Disease') :: ['low cardiac output syndrome']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary disease']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['Oxygen']

entities_list: @entity1757 :: ('MESH:D006345', 'Disease') :: ['VSD', 'ventricular septal defect']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['complex congenital heart disease']

entities_list: @entity4266 :: ('MESH:D018497', 'Disease') :: ['RVOT', 'right ventricular outlet tract']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: In vivo experiments were carried out to examine whether the period during which @entity1246 ( @entity1246 )ergic inhibition in the hippocampus matures is associated with a decrease in epileptogenesis. @entity410 were elicited with bipolar electrodes stereotactically positioned in the hippocampus of @entity4774 -anesthetized @entity35 pups from @entity16843 ( @entity16843 ) 7 through 28 days of age. No clinical @entity410 activity was detected but electrographic @entity410 (afterdischarges) were induced at all ages. Afterdischarge thresholds (ADT) varied inversely with age. However, the durations of initial afterdischarges and the degree of lengthening of afterdischarges with the rapidly recurring hippocampal @entity410 (RRHS) protocol were not different for the various age animals studied. Paired pulse inhibition was assessed with a twin pulse paradigm that has been shown to monitor GABAergic inhibition. Measurements were made before and 60 min after a single @entity410 and again 60 min after the RRHS protocol. At no age was there a significant change in paired pulse inhibition after a single @entity410 . After RRHS there was a significant reduction of paired pulse inhibition only in the groups that had manifested adult levels of paired pulse inhibition in pre- @entity410 measurements (greater than or equal to @entity16843 21). These studies indicate that heightened epileptogenesis in the young hippocampus cannot simply be explained on the basis of an immaturity of @entity1246 -mediated inhibition.

title: Ontogeny of epileptogenesis in the XXXX hippocampus: a study of the influence of GABAergic inhibition.

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'Seizures', 'seizures']

entities_list: @entity1246 :: ('MESH:D005680', 'Chemical') :: ['gamma-aminobutyric acid', 'GABA']

entities_list: @entity4774 :: ('MESH:D014520', 'Chemical') :: ['urethane']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A phase I study was conducted to determine the maximum-tolerated dose, dose-limiting @entity137 (DLTs), and pharmacokinetics of @entity11069 (4-HPR) delivered in an oral powderized lipid complex (LXS) in @entity1 with relapsed/refractory @entity521 . PROCEDURE: 4-HPR/LXS powder (352-2,210   mg/m(2) /day) was administered on Days 0-6, in 21-day courses, by standard 3   +   3 design. RESULTS: Thirty-two @entity1 (median age   =   8 years, range 3-27 years) enrolled with 30 evaluable for dose escalation. Prior therapies included stem cell transplantation/support (n   =   26), @entity10211 (n   =   22), (125/131) I-MIBG (n   =   13), and anti-GD2 antibody (n   =   6). 170+ courses were delivered. Course 1 DLTs were a Grade 3 (n   =   1) alkaline phosphatase at 352   mg/m(2) /day. Other major @entity137 were Grade 4 (n   =   1) alkaline phosphatases on Courses 5 and 6 at 774   mg/m(2) /day, and Grade 3 (n   =   1) ALT/AST elevation on Course 2 at 1,700   mg/m(2) /day. Of 29 response-evaluable @entity1 , six had @entity66 ( @entity66 ) (4-26 courses); four with marrow- or bone disease-only had complete responses (CR) (10-46 courses). 4-HPR plasma levels were several folds higher (P   <   0.05) than previously reported using capsular @entity11069 . The Day 6 mean peak 4-HPR plasma level at 1,700   mg/m(2) /day was 21     M. An MTD was not reached. CONCLUSIONS: 4-HPR/LXS oral powder obtained higher plasma levels, with minimal @entity137 and evidence of anti- @entity5 activity, than a previous capsule formulation. A recommended phase II schedule of 4-HPR/LXS powder is 1,500   mg/m(2) /day, TID, on Days 0-6, of a 21-day course.

title: Phase I trial of @entity11069 delivered orally in a novel organized lipid complex in @entity1 with relapsed/refractory XXXX : a report from the New Approaches to @entity521 Therapy (NANT) consortium.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['SD', 'stable disease']

entities_list: @entity11069 :: ('MESH:D017313', 'Chemical') :: ['fenretinide']

entities_list: @entity10211 :: ('MESH:D015474', 'Chemical') :: ['13-cis-retinoic acid']

entities_list: @entity521 :: ('MESH:D009447', 'Disease') :: ['neuroblastoma']

answer: @entity521 :: (MESH:D009447,Disease) :: ['neuroblastoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical use of @entity7674 ( @entity7674 ) in the repair of pharynx. METHOD: From June 2003 to December 2004, 18 cases of @entity189 or @entity189 accepted treatment of surgery. Four of them had the @entity5 in the place of posterior wall of laryngopharynx or oropharynx. In the operation, the @entity5 was resected and the function of larynx was reserved, reconstruction of the posterior wall of laryngopharynx or oropharynx was made with @entity7674 . Three of them had normal function of vocal cords and the @entity5 was in the place of posterior wall of pharynx and lateral wall of piriform fossa. These @entity1 accepted resection of the @entity5 and the larynx was reserved. @entity7674 was sutured to the prevertebral fascia to repair the pharynx, reinforcement was made with sternocleidomastoid muscle then. The other 11 @entity1 had the @entity5 in the pharynx and cervico-esophagus and the vocal cords were fixed. These cases accepted total resection of the larynx and laryngopharynx. @entity7674 was sutured to the prevertebral fascia to repair the posterior wall of laryngopharynx, musculo-cutaneous flap of pectoralis major muscle was made to repair the anterior and lateral walls. All these 18 @entity1 accepted radiotherapy after the operation, the dosage was 60-70 Gy. RESULTS: Among all these 18 cases, no rejection of @entity7674 or formation of pharynx @entity292 happened after the operation. The allograft became normal mucosa finally. Two @entity1 had @entity281 . After the treatment of dressing change and antibiotics, the wound healing was satisfying. All the 18 @entity1 had resumption of oral diet finally but 3 of them had light mis-swallowing. Seven @entity1 whose larynx were reserved had the @entity825 cannula pulled out The follow-up periods after the operation lasted 12 months to 30 months. The middle follow-up period was 19. 38 months. Neither rejection nor scar formation of the allograft happened. The follow-up of 11 @entity1 lasted more than 18 months, 3 of them had relapse of @entity5 . After the second operation 1 @entity1 was still alive and 2 @entity1 died of distant @entity3 . CONCLUSION: @entity7674 can be easily obtained. Its histocompatibility were perfect The operative procedure were easy to perform. The complications of donor part can be totally avoided. The combined use of @entity7674 and musculo-cutaneous flap of pectoralis major muscle or other neck tissue was safe and effective in the reconstruction of pharynx.

title: [Repair of pharynx with XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity7674 :: ('MESH:D016136', 'Disease') :: ['acellular dermal matrix', 'ADM']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['oropharyngeal carcinoma', 'laryngopharyngeal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['subcutaneous infection']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity7674 :: (MESH:D016136,Disease) :: ['acellular dermal matrix']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Plants have evolved a number of molecular strategies and regulatory mechanisms to cope with abiotic stresses. Among the various key factors/regulators, transcription factors (TFs) play critical role(s) towards regulating the gene expression patterns in response to stress conditions. Altering the expression of the key TFs can greatly influence plant stress tolerance. OsHBP1b (accession no. KM096571) is one such TF belonging to bZIP family, localized within the Saltol QTL, whose expression is induced upon salinity treatment in the @entity579 seedlings. qRT-PCR based expression studies for OsHBP1b in seedlings of contrasting genotypes of @entity579 showed its differential regulation in response to salinity stress. A GFP based in vivo study showed that the OsHBP1b protein is nuclear localized and possesses the trans-activation activity. As compared to the @entity7097 @entity286 plants, the transgenic plants ectopically expressing OsHBP1b showed better survival and favourable osmotic parameters (such as germination and survival rate, membrane stability, K(+)/Na(+) ratio, lipid peroxidation, electrolyte leakage and @entity1521 contents) under salinity and drought stress. Under salinity conditions, the transgenic plants accumulated lower levels of reactive @entity26 species as compared to the @entity7097 . It was also accompanied by higher activities of antioxidant enzymes (such as @entity9050 peroxidase and @entity224 dismutase), thereby demonstrating that transgenic plants are physiologically better adapted towards the oxidative damage. Taken together, our findings suggest that OsHBP1b contributes to abiotic stress tolerance through multiple physiological pathways and thus, may serve as a useful 'candidate gene' for improving multiple stress tolerance in crop plants.

title: A nuclear-localized histone-gene binding protein from XXXX (OsHBP1b) functions in salinity and drought stress tolerance by maintaining chlorophyll content and improving the antioxidant machinery.

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide']

entities_list: @entity1521 :: ('CHEBI:26271', 'Chemical') :: ['proline']

entities_list: @entity9050 :: ('CHEBI:38290', 'Chemical') :: ['ascorbate']

answer: @entity579 :: (4530,Species) :: ['rice']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Exercise training or beta-blocker @entity101 (BP) and improves abnormal baroreflex function associated with @entity101 . This study was undertaken to examine whether the effects of exercise training are additive to beta-blocker in spontaneously @entity101 @entity35 (SHR). METHODS: At 5 weeks of age, SHR were allocated to four groups: sedentary control, exercise training, treatment with moderate dose of @entity2179 , and their combination. Systolic BP was monitored by the tail-cuff method under restrained conditions. Sigmoidal mean arterial pressure (MAP)-heart rate (HR) reflex curves were obtained in @entity35 at 17 weeks of age under quiet conditions before and after @entity2165 to ensure sympathetic blockade and to determine the vagal component of gain. After studying baroreflex function, intrinsic HR was obtained by additional administration of @entity3897 . RESULTS: Before @entity2165 , both exercise training alone and @entity2179 alone lowered resting MAP and HR, and @entity393 ( @entity591 ) and lower plateau (maximal @entity1168 ), resulting in decreased sympathetic component of HR range (upper plateau - intrinsic HR) and increased vagal component of HR range (intrinsic HR - lower plateau). After @entity2165 , both exercise training alone and @entity2179 alone increased the gain of vagal component. Exercise training had no additive effect on any parameters to @entity2179 except for systolic BP and HR measured by the tail-cuff method. CONCLUSIONS: Exercise training and @entity2179 have similar effects concerning resting hemodynamics and baroreflex function in SHR. Although additive effects of exercise training to @entity2179 are not evident under quiet, nonstressful conditions, some additive effects may be obtained under stress such as restrain.

title: Effects of exercise and beta-blocker on blood pressure and baroreflexes in spontaneously XXXX @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'decreases high blood pressure', 'hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['maximal tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity3897 :: ('MESH:D001285', 'Chemical') :: ['atropine']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['decreased upper plateau']

entities_list: @entity2165 :: ('MESH:D001262', 'Chemical') :: ['atenolol']

entities_list: @entity1168 :: ('MESH:D001919', 'Disease') :: ['bradycardia']

entities_list: @entity2179 :: ('MESH:D017298', 'Chemical') :: ['bisoprolol']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertensive']


abstract: @entity281 are caused by a single-stranded RNA virus, which has four serotypes (DEN 1-4); mosquitoes of the genus Aedes serve as vectors of transmission. Risk factors for @entity281 are related to both the host and virus. Age, gender, immune status, and genetic background of the host all contribute to the severity of @entity281 . Recently, international travel to endemic areas has also been identified as a major risk factor for both primary and secondary @entity281 . Dengue remains a diagnostic challenge, given its protean nature, ranging from mild @entity221 to profound shock. The most severe manifestation of @entity281 is @entity7643 , which has an estimated mortality rate close to 50%. @entity7643 typically presents with increased anion gap @entity520 , @entity5642 , severe @entity551 , and @entity1087 . Liver involvement appears to occur more frequently when @entity281 involve DEN-3 and DEN-4 serotypes. While hepatocellular damage has been reported previously in @entity281 , @entity879 is an extremely rare occurrence in adults. We report a @entity1 with @entity7643 who presented with @entity879 and @entity99 after recent travel to an endemic area.

title: XXXX failure secondary to haemorrhagic dengue in an international traveller.

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic encephalopathy']

entities_list: @entity879 :: ('MESH:D017114', 'Disease') :: ['acute liver failure']

entities_list: @entity520 :: ('MESH:D000138', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic acidosis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections', 'dengue infection', 'Dengue infections']

entities_list: @entity5642 :: ('MESH:D004211', 'Disease') :: ['disseminated intravascular coagulation']

entities_list: @entity7643 :: ('MESH:D019595', 'Disease') :: ['dengue shock syndrome', 'Dengue shock syndrome']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['febrile illness']

answer: @entity879 :: (MESH:D017114,Disease) :: ['Fulminant liver']


abstract: @entity1068 and @entity3014 cause lipid peroxidation either by producing the reactive @entity26 species or decreasing the activities of antioxidant enzymes that lead to cellular damage and cellular dysfunction. In this study, we investigated both physiological and histological changes in lung and physiological changes in brain after the administration of @entity3014 and @entity1068 both separately and together. Male @entity35 were divided into four groups, each containing seven @entity35 as follows: Group I (control), group II ( @entity3014 , [B(a)P]), group III ([B(a)P] + @entity1068 ( @entity167 )) and group IV ( @entity167 ). Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, levels of @entity2041 ( @entity2197 ), @entity1234 ( @entity1865 ) as well as histological examinations were evaluated to demonstrate the damages in lung and brain tissues following the administration of [ @entity3015 ] and @entity167 . SOD activities of lung and brain tissues in group II and group III decreased significantly, compared to that in group I and group IV, respectively. @entity2197 levels of both the lung and brain tissues in the experimental groups were lower when compared to the control group. @entity1865 levels of lung tissues in group II and III were significantly higher than that in the control group. Moreover, @entity1865 levels in the brain tissues of all the experimental groups were higher than that in the control group, but these values were only significantly higher in group II and IV. In the second study group, [B(a)P] administration resulted in @entity358 . On the other hand, lung tissue of the third experimental group showed moderate damage, and lung tissues of the fourth group was less severely damaged. [ @entity3015 ] and @entity167 administration alone or together caused changes in the @entity2197 , @entity1865 levels and SOD enzyme activity in the lung and brain tissues. We also noted that [ @entity3015 ] and @entity167 caused different degrees of histological changes.

title: Effects of XXXX and @entity1068 on oxidative stress of brain, lung tissues and lung morphology in @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity3014 :: ('MESH:D001564', 'Chemical') :: ['benzo(a)pyrene']

entities_list: @entity2041 :: ('MESH:D005978', 'Chemical') :: ['glutathione']

entities_list: @entity1234 :: ('MESH:D008315', 'Chemical') :: ['malondialdehyde']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['lung damage']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague Dawley rats', 'rats']

entities_list: @entity1068 :: ('MESH:D000431', 'Chemical') :: ['Ethanol', 'ethanol']

answer: @entity3014 :: (MESH:D001564,Chemical) :: ['benzo(a)pyrene']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Chemotherapy in @entity902 -resistant @entity43 (PROC) aims for palliation and prolonging of progression-free survival (PFS). This study compares Health-related Quality of Life (HRQoL) and efficacy between single-agent chemotherapy and @entity440 in PROC. METHODS: @entity1 with PROC were randomised (2   :   1) to chemotherapy (weekly @entity1311 80   mg   m(-2) or four weekly pegylated liposomal @entity632 40   mg   m(-2)) or @entity440 40   mg daily. The primary end point was HRQoL. Secondary end points were PFS by RECIST and overall survival (OS). RESULTS: Between March 2002 and December 2007, 156 and 82 @entity1 were randomised to chemotherapy and @entity440 , respectively. In the chemotherapy arm, a significantly larger proportion of @entity1 experienced a worsening in their social functioning. There was no difference in the proportion of @entity1 experiencing improvement of @entity344 . Median PFS on @entity440 was 8.3 weeks (95% CI, 8.0-10.4) compared with 12.7 weeks (95% CI, 9.0-16.3) on chemotherapy (HR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.16-2.05; log-rank P=0.003). There was no difference in OS between the treatment arms. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 on chemotherapy had longer PFS but experienced more @entity137 and poorer HRQoL compared with @entity440 . Control over @entity344 was not better on chemotherapy. These data are important for @entity1 counselling and highlight the need to incorporate HRQoL end points in studies of PROC.

title: Chemotherapy vs @entity440 in XXXX -resistant @entity43 : a phase III, randomised, multicentre trial (Ovaresist).

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity440 :: ('MESH:D013629', 'Chemical') :: ['tamoxifen']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal symptoms']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['platinum']

answer: @entity902 :: (MESH:D010984,Chemical) :: ['platinum']


abstract: Two modes of killing of @entity2624 by @entity273 can be distinguished. Mode-one killing was maximal with @entity273 at a concentration of 1 to 2 mM. At higher concentrations the killing rate was approximately half maximal and was independent of @entity274 concentration but first order with respect to exposure time. Mode-one killing required active metabolism during the @entity274 challenge, and it resulted in sfiA-independent filamentation of both cells which survived and those which were killed by the challenge. This mode of killing was enhanced in xth, polA, recA, and recB strains and was accelerated in all strains by an unidentified, @entity519 -induced cell function. A strain carrying both xth and recA mutations appeared to undergo spontaneous mode-one killing only under aerobic conditions. Mode-one killing appeared to result from DNA damage which normally occurs at a low, nonlethal level during aerobic growth. Mode-two killing occurred at higher doses of @entity274 and exhibited a multihit @entity734 on both @entity274 concentration and exposure time. Mode-two killing did not require active metabolism, and killed cells did not filament, although survivors demonstrated a dose-dependent growth lag. Strains with DNA-repair defects were not especially susceptible to mode-two killing.

title: Bimodal pattern of killing of DNA-repair-defective or anoxically grown Escherichia coli by XXXX .

entities_list: @entity273 :: ('MESH:D006861', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrogen peroxide']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['dependence']

entities_list: @entity2624 :: ('83333', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli K-12']

answer: @entity273 :: (MESH:D006861,Chemical) :: ['hydrogen peroxide']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The labeling of cells with nanomaterials for @entity5 detection is a very important part of various biomedical applications. In this study, multilayer nanocomposites were synthesized to achieve the multiple functions of fluorescence, magnetism, and bioaffinity. Firstly, superparamagnetic @entity13528 nanoparticles were prepared as a magnetic core. Then, @entity2822 ( @entity2823 ) was covalently linked to the surface of the @entity3440 -coated @entity13528 core (designated FMNPs). Finally, bovine serum albumin (BSA) was conjugated onto the FMNPs (designated FMNPs-BSA). We also evaluated the feasibility and efficiency of labeling the @entity1 @entity96 cell line SMMC-7721 (SMMC-7721) with nanocomposites. SEM, hysteresis loop, EDS, FTIR, fluorescence spectra, and fluorescence microscopy were used to determine the physicochemical properties of nanocomposites. Fluorescence microscopy, SEM-EDS, and TEM were used to determine fluorescence labeling, absorption, and uptake respectively. The results showed that the nanocomposites obtained exhibited fine superparamagnetism, strong fluorescence, and good biological affinity. We succeeded in using the new multilayer nanocomposites to label cells, which had properties of magnetic targeting and fluorescent tracing.

title: Synthesis of multifunctional nanocomposites and their application in imaging and targeting XXXX cells in vitro.

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['liver cancer']

entities_list: @entity2822 :: ('CHEBI:37926', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorescein isothiocyanate']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumor']


abstract: Laser ablation (LA) is currently used in our institute as palliative treatment for endobronchial nonresectable or recurrent @entity2 . The objective of this study was to assess the impact of LA on the quality of life (QOL) in a large group of @entity1 with @entity3885 due to nonresectable or re-current @entity2 . Evaluation was based on Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG PS) for the "objective" assessment of QOL and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of @entity5 Quality of Life Questionnaire-C30 version 1.0 (EORTC QLQ-C30(v1)) for the "subjective" assessment of QOL. From May 1994 to June 1997, 133 LAs were performed using neodymium: yttrium- @entity3775 garnet (Nd:YAG) laser at low power settings (< 30W) on 89 evaluable @entity1 (Male/Female 78/11, mean age 63.5/62.8 years, range 42-82/47-73). The QOL was evaluated by ECOG PS and QLQ-C30(v1) at baseline (3 days before LA), t1 (7 days after LA), and t2 (1 month after LA). The objective @entity5 response was evaluated at t2. The objective @entity5 response to LA intervention was "excellent," ie, complete response (CR), in 33 (24.8%) @entity1 and "fair," ie, partial response (PR), in 97 (72.9%) @entity1 , with an overall response rate (ORR) of 97.7%. A highly significant decrease in high score (ECOG PS 3-4) was registered from baseline to t1 and from t1 to t2. However, at the same time a significant increase of low score (ECOG PS 0-2) was observed. The comparison of @entity1 QOL assessment by QLQ-C30(v1) at different times during the study was also made; the functioning scales, the global QOL scale, and the symptom scales/items showed a highly significant improvement at t1 compared to baseline (P < 0.001), whereas only global QOL improved at t2 compared to t1. A comparison of baseline ECOG PS scale with QLQ-C30(v1) scale revealed a strong relationship between PS and the symptom "fatigue." Our study demonstrates that dramatic clinical improvement obtained by an effective though palliative treatment such as LA improves QOL based on both physician-rated (PS) and mostly self-rated (QLQ-C30(v1)) assessment.

title: Endoscopic laser ablation as palliative treatment of endobronchial, nonresectable, or recurrent XXXX : assessment of its impact on quality of life.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3775 :: ('MESH:D000535', 'Chemical') :: ['aluminum']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity3885 :: ('MESH:D008173', 'Disease') :: ['endobronchial obstructions']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['lung cancer']


abstract: In this double-blind, placebo-controlled study, @entity1 with acute exacerbation of @entity565 between the ages of 1 and 12 years not responding to conventional therapy with bronchodilators and injectable @entity230 were enrolled. A total of 60 @entity1 (two groups of 30 each) was studied. The overall response to therapy was assessed based on the guidelines and recommendations of the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute. The efficacy parameters included respiratory and heart rates, degree of @entity1353 , accessory muscle usage, color, wheeze, and degree of @entity26 saturation. @entity1 with moderate to severe exacerbation received either @entity9695 suspension 1.5 mg/kg per dose or identical placebo orally as per random protocol. To assess the clinical progress, all the efficacy parameters were reassessed after 30 minutes and 1, 2, and 6 hours. A significant difference was observed in the overall assessment of response at 1, 2, and 6 hours in the two treatment groups. A greater number of @entity1 showed a good overall response in the @entity9695 group compared with the placebo group at 1, 2, and 6 hours (P <.01). No side effects were reported in any of the @entity1 in either group. None of the @entity1 was withdrawn prematurely from either group. It is evident from the current study that @entity9695 showed good efficacy and tolerability. Therefore, @entity9695 could be administered to asthmatic @entity1 whenever there is a need for such therapy.

title: Double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the efficacy and tolerability of @entity9695 administered orally in acute XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity565 :: ('MESH:D001249', 'Disease') :: ['bronchial asthma']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity9695 :: ('MESH:C012655', 'Chemical') :: ['nimesulide']

answer: @entity565 :: (MESH:D001249,Disease) :: ['bronchial asthma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Cytoreductive therapy, with or without low-dose @entity117 , is the mainstay of @entity715 risk reduction in @entity1 with @entity4407 ( @entity4407 ), but the optimal choice of agent remains unclear. The aim of this study was to meta-analyze currently available data comparing @entity18829 to @entity1862 for reduction of rates of @entity715 , @entity548 and @entity204 among @entity1 with @entity4407 . A literature search for randomized, controlled trials comparing @entity18829 to @entity1862 among @entity1 with @entity4407 revealed two published studies. Statistical analysis was performed using fixed effects meta-analysis. Rates of @entity715 were similar between @entity1 treated with @entity1862 vs @entity18829 (RR 0.86, 95  % CI 0.64-1.16). Rates of major @entity548 were lower in @entity1 treated with @entity1862 (RR 0.37, 95  % CI 0.18-0.75). Rates of progression to @entity3052 were not statistically different ( @entity4736 .50, 95  % CI 0.43-5.29). The composite of @entity715 , major @entity548 and @entity204 favored @entity1862 (RR 0.78, 95  % CI 0.63-0.97). In conclusion, our analysis supports use of @entity1862 as a first-line cytoreductive agent for @entity1 with @entity4407 , based largely on decreased rates of major @entity548 . @entity18829 appears to be equally effective for protection against @entity715 events and may be an appropriate alternative for @entity1 who are intolerant of @entity1862 .

title: XXXX compared with @entity1862 in @entity4407 : a meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity1862 :: ('MESH:D006918', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxyurea']

entities_list: @entity4407 :: ('MESH:D013920', 'Disease') :: ['ET', 'essential thrombocythemia']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute myeloid leukemia']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis', 'thrombotic']

entities_list: @entity18829 :: ('MESH:C021139', 'Chemical') :: ['Anagrelide', 'anagrelide']

answer: @entity18829 :: (MESH:C021139,Chemical) :: ['Anagrelide']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity195 ( @entity195 ), the most common form of @entity303 in the aged population, presents an increasing clinical challenge in terms of diagnosis and treatment. @entity179 is one of the hallmarks of @entity195 , which consequently induces @entity73 . @entity2252 ( @entity2252 ), a neuroprotective factor, has been implicated in neuronal survival and proliferation. The epigenetic mechanism of @entity2252 methylation may be responsible for the reduced expression of @entity2252 in @entity1 with @entity195 . DNA methyltransferase may contribute to the methylation of @entity2252 , which is involved in neuroprotection in @entity195 . In addition, epigenetic modifications, including a combination of microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) and DNA methylation, have been suggested as regulatory mechanisms in the control of neuronal survival. In the present study, the expression of @entity22869 was determined in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of @entity1 with @entity195 and of healthy control individuals. A marked decrease in the expression of @entity22869 was observed in the @entity195 group compared with the normal control group, accompanied by a decreased in the expression of @entity2252 . Additionally, a significant increase in the expression of DNA methyltransferase  3 (DNMT3) was observed in the CSF from the @entity1 with @entity195 . Correlation analysis revealed that the expression of @entity22869 was positively correlated with @entity2252 and negatively correlated with DNMT3 protein in the CSF of @entity1 with @entity195 . In addition, the regulatory association between @entity22869 , DNMT3 and @entity2252 were also examined in  vitro. It was demonstrated that @entity22869 directly targeted DNMT3 and contributed to neuronal proliferation by regulating the expression of @entity2252 , at least partially, through enhancing the activity of the @entity669 receptor kinase  B/extracellular signal  -regulated kinase signaling pathway. In conclusion, the present study suggested that @entity22869 may be a promising potential therapeutic target in the treatment of  @entity195 .

title: DNA methyltransferase  3, a target of @entity22869 , contributes to neuronal proliferation by regulating the expression of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['Neurodegeneration']

entities_list: @entity2252 :: ('627', 'Gene') :: ['BDNF', 'Brain  -derived neurotrophic factor']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['AD', "Alzheimer's disease"]

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

answer: @entity2252 :: (627,Gene) :: ['brain-derived neurotrophic factor']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine if @entity1 with @entity1781 ( @entity1781 ) have @entity387 ( @entity387 ), an entity characterized by repetitive upper @entity1224 , inducing @entity519 and @entity25 . METHODS: We recruited 17 @entity1 with @entity1781 and 17 age- and sex-matched controls from @entity1 referred for treatment because of suspected @entity4531 . We performed overnight polysomnography and determined the respiratory disturbance index during night sleep, a value used to diagnose and grade @entity387 . We compared the proportions of @entity1 with @entity387 among @entity1 with @entity1781 and matched controls using the chi(2) test. Additionally, we compared the proportions of @entity1 with @entity387 among @entity1 with @entity1781 and a large @entity387 prevalence study using the binomial test. RESULTS: Twelve (71%) of 17 @entity1 with @entity1781 had @entity387 . According to the respiratory disturbance index, 4 @entity1 (24%) had mild, 4 @entity1 (24%) had moderate, and 4 @entity1 (24%) had severe @entity387 . Only 3 (18%) of 17 controls had @entity387 (P =.005). In the 45- to 64-year age group, 4 (50%) of 8 @entity1 with @entity1781 had @entity387 ; 51 (11.9%) of 430 of the random sample in the prevalence study had @entity387 (P =.005). In the group older than 64 years, 8 (89%) of 9 @entity1 with @entity1781 had @entity387 ; 18 (24%) of 75 of the random sample in the prevalence study had @entity387 (P<.001). CONCLUSIONS: We found a high prevalence of @entity387 in @entity1 with @entity1781 , which supports previous case reports suggesting that such an association exists. This association may explain why approximately 75% of all @entity1 with @entity1781 discover @entity227 on first awakening or when they first use vision critically after sleeping. Our findings indicate that @entity387 may play an important role in the pathogenesis of @entity1781 .

title: Association between XXXX and nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy.

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual loss']

entities_list: @entity387 :: ('MESH:D012891', 'Disease') :: ['sleep apnea syndrome', 'SAS']

entities_list: @entity1781 :: ('MESH:D009901', 'Disease') :: ['NAION', 'nonarteritic ischemic optic neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity4531 :: ('MESH:D012148', 'Disease') :: ['restless legs syndrome']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['sleep disruption']

entities_list: @entity1224 :: ('MESH:D000402', 'Disease') :: ['airway obstructions during sleep']

answer: @entity387 :: (MESH:D012891,Disease) :: ['sleep apnea syndrome']


abstract: The present study is aimed to investigate the early clinical effects of nano-hydroxyapatite/polyamide 66 intervertebral fusion cage (n-HA/PA66 cage) for the treatment of @entity179 . We selected 27 @entity1 with @entity179 who were managed by posterior decompression or reset operation combined with n-HA/PA66 cage intervertebral fusion and internal fixation from August 2010 to January 2012. The @entity717 index (ODI), @entity1643 visual analogue score (VAS), and @entity1798 ( @entity1798 ) were evaluated at preoperation, 1 week postoperation and the last follow-up period, respectively. Intervertebral bony fusion was evaluated at the last follow-up time. The @entity1 were followed up for 12-24 months (averaged 19 months). The ODI, VAS and @entity1798 were significantly improved at 1 week postoperation and the last follow-up time compared with those at preoperative period (P < 0.05). But there was no significant difference between 1 week postoperative and the last follow-up time (P < 0.05). Brantigan's standard was used to evaluate fusion at the last follow-up time. There were 19 @entity1 with grade 5 fusion, 8 with grade 4 fusion, with a fusion rate of 100%, and none with grade 1-3 fusions. There was no cage translocation and internal fixation breakage. These results suggested that n-HA/PA66 cage was an ideal biological material in the posterior lumbar interbody fusion and internal fixation operation for treatment of @entity179 . It can effectively maintain the @entity1798 and keep a high rate of bony fusion. The early clinical effect has been satisfactory.

title: [Early clinical effect of intervertebral fusion of XXXX using nano-hydroxyapatite/polyamide 66 intervertebral fusion cage].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1643 :: ('MESH:D017116', 'Disease') :: ['low back and leg pain']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['lumbar degenerative diseases']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['oswestry disability']

entities_list: @entity1798 :: ('MESH:C535531', 'Disease') :: ['IH', 'intervertebral height']

answer: @entity179 :: (MESH:D019636,Disease) :: ['lumbar degenerative disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate in situ visualization using near-infrared quantum dots (QDs) conjugated with @entity369 - @entity2228 - @entity2574 (ROD) peptide fluorescent probes in @entity957 (08CC). METHODS: QDs with emission wavelength of 800 nm (QD800) were conjugated with RGD peptides to produce QD800-RGD fluorescent probes. @entity1 OSCC cell line BcaCD885 was inoculated in @entity19 cheeks to establish OSCC @entity19 models. Frozen BcaCD885 @entity5 slices were immunofluorescence double stained by using QD800-RGD and @entity31973 monoclonal antibody and were observed using a laser scanning confocal microscope. QD800-RGD was injected into the OSCC models through the tail veins, and the in situ visualization was analyzed at different time points. The @entity19 were sacrificed 12 h after injection to isolate @entity5 for the ex vivo analysis of probe localization in the @entity5 . RESULTS: QD800-RGD specifically targeted the integrin avb3 expressed in the endothelial cells of @entity5 angiogenic vessels in vitro and in vivo, producing clear @entity5 fluorescence images after intravenous injection. The most complete @entity5 images with maximal signal-to-noise ratios were observed 0.5 h to 6 h after injection of the probe and significantly reduced 9 h after the injection. However, the @entity5 image was still clearly visible at 12 h. CONCLUSION: Using intravenously injected QD800-RGD generates high quality OSCC images when integrin avb3, which is expressed in the endothelial cells of @entity5 angiogenic vessels, is used as the target. The technique offers great potential in the diagnosis and individual treatment of OSCC.

title: [In situ visual imaging of @entity957 in @entity19 by using near-infrared quantum dots conjugated with @entity369 - XXXX - @entity2574 peptide fluorescent probes].

entities_list: @entity2228 :: ('CHEBI:57305', 'Chemical') :: ['glycine']

entities_list: @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mice', 'mouse', 'nude mice']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['oral squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity2574 :: ('CHEBI:22660', 'Chemical') :: ['aspartic acid']

entities_list: @entity369 :: ('CHEBI:29016', 'Chemical') :: ['arginine']

answer: @entity2228 :: (CHEBI:57305,Chemical) :: ['glycine']


abstract: The objective of this study is to evaluate retrospectively the effectiveness of multiple-drug chemotherapeutics regimen that included high-dose @entity1499 (HD- @entity1500 ) for treating @entity421 . 148 newly diagnosed @entity1 with @entity34 who received HD- @entity1500 /HD- @entity1500 /DDP( @entity900 )/ADM( @entity632 ) and/or HD- @entity1500 /IFO( @entity1260 )/DDP/ADM before and after the surgery were retrospectively analyzed to measure the efficacy of this regimen. The significance of various variables as predictive prognostic factors of the @entity1 survival rate was also evaluated. The overall 3-year survival rate of the @entity1 was 79.73  %. The survival rate was improved to 85.71  % in the @entity1 who received surgery and a complete 4-cycle chemotherapy. In addition, the rates of disease-free survival (DFS), local recurrence, and distant @entity3 were 68.13, 3.30, and 10.81  %, respectively. Our analysis showed that completing 4-cycle chemotherapy produced a significant impact on the overall 3-year survival and DFS rates (P  <  0.05). The overall 3-year survival was correlated with pathological @entity174 , chemotherapy completion, histological response, local recurrence, and distance metastasis (single-factor P  <  0.05). Multivariate analysis further evidenced that these predictive factors were independently correlated to the survival rate (multi-factor P  <  0.05). The complete 4-cycle multiple-drug chemotherapy consisting of @entity2033 - @entity1500 , @entity632 , @entity900 , and @entity1260 combined with surgical resection was found to be effective in improving the survival rate of @entity421 @entity1 . Furthermore, the presence of pathological @entity174 , poor histological response, local recurrence, and distant metastasis was negatively correlated with the survival rate. @entity1 age, gender, location of @entity5 , and serum alkaline phosphatase level were not found to show the prognostic significance.

title: High-Dose XXXX (HD- @entity1500 ) Used as an Adjunct with Other Chemotherapeutics for the Treatment of @entity421 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['primary tumor']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity421 :: ('MESH:D012516', 'Disease') :: ['primary osteosarcoma', 'osteosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity1260 :: ('MESH:D007069', 'Chemical') :: ['Ifosfamide', 'ifosfamide']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

entities_list: @entity34 :: ('MESH:D016609', 'Disease') :: ['Stage I and II osteosarcoma']

answer: @entity1499 :: (MESH:D008727,Chemical) :: ['Methotrexate']


abstract: @entity2432 infections of domestic animals can have a considerable economic impact and as oocysts are voided in the faeces of infected hosts, environmental contamination with agricultural waste has also become a matter of concern. Since only viable oocysts are potentially infectious, the numbers of oocysts excreted during @entity281 can have important implications for both veterinary and public health. During the course of @entity281 in experimentally infected @entity742 , oocyst viability was assessed by a fluorogenic vital dyes assay and by a maximized in vitro excystation assay. The excreted oocyst populations contained a higher proportion of viable oocysts 5-11 days post @entity281 (d.p.i.) than later in the @entity281 . Oocyst viability declined consistently 11-15 d.p.i. and coincided with periods when peaks in serum and intestinal anti- @entity2432 antibodies have been reported to occur. Infected @entity742 excreted a mean of 4.8 (standard error [S.E.] +/- 0.4) x 10(9) oocysts per g of faeces, of which half were non-viable and therefore of no significance for disease transmission. This study demonstrates that the numbers of viable oocysts excreted by infected @entity742 is smaller than previously suspected.

title: XXXX : oocyst excretion and viability patterns in experimentally infected @entity742 .

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity2432 :: ('5807', 'Species') :: ['Cryptosporidium parvum', 'Cryptosporidium']

answer: @entity2432 :: (5807,Species) :: ['Cryptosporidium parvum']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the histologic features of vestibular biopsies from @entity1 affected by @entity925 ( @entity925 ), or @entity2411 ( @entity2411 ), or the their association ( @entity925 - @entity2411 ) in order to facilitate differential diagnosis among conditions that present @entity158 with similar clinical characteristics. STUDY DESIGN: Fourty-four @entity1 already diagnosed with @entity925 were recruited to evaluate the presence of @entity158 not owing to @entity925 . Fourteen @entity1 affected by @entity158 of unknown origin who came to our department requesting treatment were also recruited. All subjects were interviewed regarding their history of @entity158 and examined in order to exclude @entity8218 . @entity158 did not show the characteristics of @entity2411 in 18 @entity925 @entity1 ; in the remaining 22 @entity1 @entity2411 resulted as associated with @entity925 . All fourteen self-referred @entity1 were diagnosed with @entity2411 . All subjects underwent a posterior vestibular biopsy at the fourchette under local anesthesia. Tissue specimens were processed for histologic examination and immunostained for @entity2281 protein and @entity2280 . Statistical analysis was performed with the Pearson's Chisquare test. RESULTS: Data analysis showed a statistically significant prevalence of @entity32 in the @entity2411 group. Analysis of the histologic features showed that the concomitant presence of @entity32 , nerve bundles, and @entity82 (often mild) is prevalent in @entity2411 . @entity82 is highly frequent and often moderate/severe in @entity925 and it is rarely associated to @entity32 and nerve bundles. @entity925 - @entity2411 @entity1 show intermediate grading. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings show different histologic characteristics in vestibular biopsy in @entity1 affected by @entity925 , by @entity2411 or by their association that could be useful to facilitate the differential diagnosis between conditions of @entity158 with similar clinical characteristics.

title: Evaluation of vestibular biopsy features in @entity1 affected by fibromyalgia, by XXXX or by their association.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis', 'Fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity2411 :: ('MESH:D056650', 'Disease') :: ['Vulvodynia', 'VD', 'vulvodynia']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['sexual pain', 'pain', 'Sexual pain']

entities_list: @entity925 :: ('MESH:D063806', 'Disease') :: ['Fibro Myalgia', 'FM', 'fibro myalgia']

entities_list: @entity8218 :: ('MESH:D014623', 'Disease') :: ['vaginal conditions']

answer: @entity2411 :: (MESH:D056650,Disease) :: ['vulvodynia']


abstract: 1. @entity291 liver arginase could be resolved into three distinct peaks by chromatofocusing in the pH range 7-4. 2. In other experimental systems the enzyme appeared to consist of a single active component. 3. @entity214 - @entity2975 gel electrophoresis revealed a single band which could be assigned to arginase, with no indication of inherent or protease-induced multiplicity. 4. Lineweaver-Burk plots for @entity369 were linear over a wide concentration range, as were Dixon plots for reversible inhibitors. 5. Covalent inhibition by @entity12259 gave semilogarithmic plots of residual activity vs time which were strictly linear. 6. It was concluded that the enzyme was homogeneous with respect to subunit size and kinetic behaviour, but heterogeneous with respect to molecular charge. 7. The charge heterogeneity may have kinetic and regulatory implications, as previously suggested for @entity19 liver arginase [Z. Spolarics and J. S. Bond (1988) Archs Biochem. Biophys. 260, 469-479].

title: Resolution of multiple forms of XXXX liver arginase by chromatofocusing.

entities_list: @entity12259 :: ('MESH:D005022', 'Chemical') :: ['1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-carbodiimide']

entities_list: @entity2975 :: ('CHEBI:51135', 'Chemical') :: ['polyacrylamide']

entities_list: @entity369 :: ('CHEBI:29016', 'Chemical') :: ['arginine']

entities_list: @entity214 :: ('CHEBI:8984', 'Chemical') :: ['Sodium dodecylsulphate']

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['bovine']


abstract: @entity1086 is a rare @entity5 with a poor prognosis, and few risk factors have been identified to date. This prospective study was conducted to evaluate the association of cigarette smoking and @entity167 consumption with the risk of @entity1086 death. A baseline survey in 45 areas throughout Japan was conducted from 1988 to 1990 using a self-administered questionnaire, and a total of 113,496 @entity1 (65,740 @entity1 ) aged 40-89 years at entry were followed for 15 years. During the follow-up period, 165 @entity1086 deaths (95 @entity1 ) were observed. Among @entity1 , the hazard ratio (HR) [95 percent confidence interval: 95% CI] of current smoker was 2.00 [0.91-4.42], when adjusted for age and drinking. There was no clear association between @entity167 consumption and the risk. Among @entity1 , HR of current smoker was 2.27 [1.05-4.90]. HRs of those who smoked 21 cigarettes or more per day and those with 801-1,000 cigarette-years were 3.18 [1.18-8.53] and 3.44 [1.40-8.45], respectively, and positive linear associations were observed between that risk and the number of cigarettes per day (p for trend = 0.007) or "cigarette-years" (p for trend = 0.012). The @entity167 dose was linearly associated with risk (p for trend = 0.004), where the HR among those who consumed 72.0 g or more of @entity167 per day was 3.60 [1.29-9.85]. Among both @entity1 and @entity1 , cigarette smoking may elevate the risk of death from @entity1086 . Drinking may pose an elevated risk among @entity1 , but that seems to be less true among @entity1 .

title: Cigarette smoking, XXXX drinking and the risk of @entity1086 death: a prospective cohort study in Japan.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'men']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity1086 :: ('MESH:D005706', 'Disease') :: ['Gallbladder cancer', 'gallbladder cancer']

answer: @entity167 :: (CHEBI:16236,Chemical) :: ['alcohol']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine if a web-based @entity1314 ( @entity1314 ) could increase the uptake of @entity2953 ( @entity2953 ) screening among a young university population. METHODS: A non-blinded parallel-group randomized controlled trial was conducted. @entity1 aged 18-29 years were recruited from a university environment between April and August 2013, and randomized 1:1 to either the intervention group (immediate online @entity1314 access) or control group (no @entity1314 access). The study outcome was self-reported @entity2953 testing, measured by an online follow-up survey in October 2013. RESULTS: Of the 369 @entity1 allocated to the @entity1314 , 150 completed the follow-up survey, and of the 378 in the control group, 225 completed the follow-up survey. The proportion of the @entity1314 group who underwent an @entity2953 test during the study period was 15.3% (23/150) compared with 7.6% (17/225) in the control group (P   =   .017). The difference in @entity2953 testing rates within the subgroup of sexually active @entity1 (20.4% (23/113) of the @entity1314 group compared with 9.6% (15/157) of the control group) was significantly higher (P   =   .027) than among non-sexually active @entity1 . DISCUSSION: Access to the @entity1314 was associated with a significant increase in @entity1 undergoing @entity2953 testing. This is also the first study to demonstrate efficacy of a @entity1314 targeting a health concern where susceptibility is generally perceived as low and the majority of @entity281 are asymptomatic. CONCLUSION: @entity1314 interventions may provide an effective means of increasing the demand for @entity2953 testing which, combined with increased opportunistic testing by clinicians, could reduce the high and sustained rates of STIs in young @entity1 .

title: A Web-Based Personally Controlled Health Management System Increases @entity2953 Infection Screening Rates in Young XXXX : A Randomized Controlled Trial.

entities_list: @entity1314 :: ('MESH:D010554', 'Disease') :: ['PCHMS', 'personally controlled health management system']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Participants', 'people']

entities_list: @entity2953 :: ('MESH:D012749', 'Disease') :: ['STI', 'sexually transmitted infections']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['People']


abstract: By far the largest known kindred with an @entity74 caused by a prion protein ( @entity3669 ) octapeptide repeat insertion mutation originates from southeast England. This extended family shows very marked phenotypic heterogeneity and provides a unique opportunity to characterize this diversity and examine possible modifying factors amongst a large number of individuals in whom @entity1579 has been initiated by the same defined genetic mutation. As the inherited @entity1579 comprise a significant proportion of familial early-onset @entity303 , an appreciation of their wide range of clinical presentation is important for differential diagnosis. Genealogical and clinical record review, together with the characterization of the mutation-linked single nucleotide polymorphism and microsatellite haplotype, suggested a single founder for both this large kindred and a smaller family in the mid-18th century. Here we report the phenotype of 86 affected individuals; at least another 84 individuals are known to be at risk of @entity74 . Clinical onset, typically with @entity73 , can be strikingly early in this kindred when compared with other @entity74 . We have investigated the effect of @entity3669 genotype, candidate genes and prion strain type on clinical, neuroradiological and neuropathological phenotype. The transmission characteristics of prions from affected individuals resembled those of classical @entity13895 . One surprising finding was a strong inverse correlation between age of onset and disease duration. The @entity3669 gene polymorphic codon 129 was found to confer 41% of the variance in age of onset but interestingly this polymorphism had no effect on disease duration suggesting different molecular mechanisms are involved in determining disease onset and rate of clinical progression.

title: XXXX with six octapeptide repeat insertional mutation--molecular analysis of phenotypic heterogeneity.

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment']

entities_list: @entity1579 :: ('MESH:D017096', 'Disease') :: ['prion disease', 'prion diseases']

entities_list: @entity13895 :: ('MESH:C565143', 'Disease') :: ['sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['inherited prion disease', 'inherited or sporadic prion diseases', 'inheriting the disease']

answer: @entity74 :: (MESH:D030342,Disease) :: ['Inherited prion disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The objective of this paper is to report on the pathologic and biochemical progression-free outcomes of @entity1 who underwent radical prostatectomy for high-risk localized @entity263 . METHODS: Data was collected prospectively from 299 @entity1 who underwent radical prostatectomy for high-risk clinically localized @entity263 by 2 surgeons at a single institution. High risk was defined as 1 or more of 3 adverse factors: @entity1069 ( @entity1069 ) >20, biopsy Gleason score 8 to 10 and clinical stage T3. @entity1069 recurrence was defined as @entity1069 >0.4 ng/mL or any salvage therapy. RESULTS: Median age was 63.3 years (46.1-75.9). Median follow-up was 4.7 years (range 0.5-17.3 years). @entity1069 at diagnosis was >20 ng/mL in 31.4%. Biopsy Gleason score was 8 to 10 in 66.9%. Clinical stage was T3 in 24.4%. 81.6% of @entity1 had a single baseline risk factor, 15.7% had 2 risk factors and 2.7% had all 3 risk factors. Neoadjuvant therapy was administered to 184 @entity1 (61.5%). Pathologic stage was organ-confined in 39.6%, specimen-confined in 26%, non-specimen-confined in 26.4%, and 8% had lymph node positive disease. Overall survival, cancer-specific survival and biochemical progression-free survival was 99%, 99.67% and 70.2%, respectively. Univariate analysis showed that @entity1069 at diagnosis, percentage of cores positive and number of risk factors were predictors of @entity1069 recurrence (p < 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that @entity1069 at diagnosis was an independent predictor of @entity1069 recurrence (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Radical prostatectomy is associated with favourable biochemical progression-free, clinical and overall survival in selected @entity1 with high-risk localized @entity263 , and should therefore be considered an option in these @entity1 . Baseline @entity1069 >20 ng/mL is a significant independent predictor of @entity1069 recurrence.

title: Radical prostatectomy for high-risk clinically localized XXXX : a prospective single institution series.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1069 :: ('MESH:D053448', 'Disease') :: ['prostate-specific antigen', 'PSA']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate cancer']


abstract: Molecular remission in the autograft and bone marrow after transplant are predictive of durable clinical remission in relapsed @entity706 . Thus, a simple reliable method to quantify @entity41 ( @entity41 ) would improve prognostication in these @entity1 . Fluorescent hybridization probes have been used in real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR) to monitor @entity41 with a reproducible sensitivity of 0.01%; however, these techniques are expensive and require additional experiments to examine clonality. We describe a SYBR Green I detection method that is more universal, checks clonal identity, yields the same sensitivity for monitoring @entity41 , and is more economically attractive. Using this method to follow 14 @entity706 @entity1 treated with autologous stem cell transplantation, molecular markers were successfully defined for 12 @entity1 . Median contamination of stem-cell grafts was 0.1% (range, 0 to 13%). Six @entity1 with measurable graft contamination became PCR-negative in blood and bone marrow within 12 months after autologous stem cell transplantation. Three @entity1 free of disease progression (median follow-up of 75 months) are in molecular remission. Increasing fractions of RQ-PCR-positive blood and bone marrow cells reliably predicted morphological and clinical relapse. In one case, both clinical relapse and spontaneous regression were reflected by changes in @entity41 levels. Thus, our RQ-PCR method reproducibly distinguishes different levels of @entity41 .

title: Association of clinical status of @entity706 @entity1 after autologous stem cell transplant and quantitative assessment of XXXX in blood and bone marrow as measured by SYBR Green I polymerase chain reaction.

entities_list: @entity41 :: ('MESH:D018365', 'Disease') :: ['MRD', 'minimal residual disease']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['follicular lymphoma']

answer: @entity706 :: (MESH:D008223,Disease) :: ['lymphoma']


abstract: @entity7594 epidemica (NE) in Scandinavia is a zoonosis caused by @entity9672 . The main animal reservoir is the bank vole. NE predominantly affects @entity1 . Its annual incidence varies in a cyclic fashion, with peaks occurring every third to fourth year. The clinical picture of NE in Scandinavia is similar to that of @entity7593 with @entity8 in other parts of the world, although NE generally has a milder course. The case-fatality rate is approximately 0.2%. The most common clinical findings in NE are an acute onset of symptoms, @entity221 (greater than or equal to 38 degrees C), @entity1458 , @entity10 , @entity615 , and @entity2011 . @entity548 manifestations are seen in about one-third of cases, and up to 5% of @entity1 have @entity360 or disseminated @entity5642 . @entity882 occurs in a majority of @entity1 . In the acute phase, the glomerular filtration rate is markedly @entity4434 is evident. Most @entity1 with NE recover within 6 months.

title: @entity7594 epidemica ( @entity7593 with XXXX ) in Scandinavia.

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal syndrome']

entities_list: @entity7594 :: ('MESH:D006480', 'Disease') :: ['Nephropathia']

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal bleeding']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['Hemorrhagic']

entities_list: @entity7593 :: ('MESH:D006478', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhagic fever']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['Thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity9672 :: ('11604', 'Species') :: ['Puumala virus']

entities_list: @entity615 :: ('MESH:D001416', 'Disease') :: ['back pain']

entities_list: @entity5642 :: ('MESH:D004211', 'Disease') :: ['intravascular coagulation']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity4434 :: ('MESH:D005198', 'Disease') :: ['decreased and tubular dysfunction']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['renal syndrome']


abstract: @entity740 ( @entity740 ) is a predictor of @entity64 , cardiovascular, and all-cause mortality, but the mechanisms responsible for these associations are unclear. Whether @entity740 was associated with severity of @entity453 ( @entity453 ) as measured by exercise stress echocardiography among outpatients with stable @entity453 was evaluated. This study is a cross-sectional analysis of the Heart and Soul study, a prospective cohort of @entity1 with known @entity453 . Renal function was assessed by 24-h urine collection, and @entity740 was defined as measured @entity1011 clearance < or =60 ml/min. Exercise stress echocardiography was used to identify inducible @entity63 , defined as any wall motion abnormality seen at stress but not at rest. Logistic regression was used to evaluate the association of @entity740 with exercise-induced @entity63 after adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors. @entity1 with @entity740 composed 97 (23%) of the 431 @entity1 and were characterized by older age, worse @entity453 , lower ejection fraction, greater left ventricular mass and higher @entity1851 values. The prevalence of exercise-induced @entity63 was also substantially greater in the @entity1 with @entity740 (42% versus 23%; odds ratio [OR], 2.3; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.4 to 3.8; P < 0.001). This association was minimally changed by adjustment for traditional cardiovascular risk factors and @entity301 history (OR, 2.0; 95% CI, 1.3 to 3.3; P < 0.01) and remained strong even after adjustment for @entity1851 (OR, 2.3; 95% CI, 1.0 to 5.1; P = 0.04). @entity740 is strongly associated with exercise-induced @entity63 in @entity1 with @entity453 . The greater severity of @entity731 observed in @entity1 with @entity740 may in part explain the association of @entity740 with increased cardiovascular risk among individuals with @entity453 .

title: Association between renal insufficiency and inducible XXXX in @entity1 with @entity453 : the heart and soul study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary disease']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerotic disease']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic renal insufficiency', 'CRI']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['CAD', 'coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['ischemia']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity1 without insurance, or using Medicaid, generally have a lower socioeconomic status. They have less access to screening and regular medical care, resulting in later diagnosis of @entity5 . This study examined the association between insurance status and the likelihood of complications after @entity135 surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective cross-sectional study was implemented to determine whether @entity1 ' insurance status is associated with increased complications and length of stay after @entity5 surgery. @entity1 were grouped into 4 cohorts: 1) private insurance, 2) Medicare, 3) Medicaid, and 4) uninsured. @entity1 were stratified further to consider age, gender, initial staging, pre-existing comorbidities, and social history. Data were analyzed with   (2) test, 1-way analysis of variance, odds ratios, and binary logistic regression. RESULTS: This study consisted of 89 surgically treated @entity1 . The uninsured and Medicaid groups had the highest incidence of @entity260 . Uninsured @entity1 , followed by the Medicare cohort, were the most likely to have an extended length of stay. CONCLUSION: Uninsured and Medicaid @entity1 are at increased probability for major and minor complications after @entity135 surgery. Uninsured @entity1 also showed the greatest tendency for a prolonged length of hospital stay. This could reflect their lack of preventive care, increased use of @entity286 and @entity285 , presentation with more @entity1442 , and delays in initiating treatment.

title: Insurance Status, an Important Predictor of  XXXX Surgery Outcomes.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['oral cancer']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity1442 :: ('MESH:D020178', 'Disease') :: ['advanced disease']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Oral Cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Functional screens based on dsRNA-mediated gene silencing identified several @entity313 genes that limit @entity2637 infection. However, some of the genes identified in these screens have no effect on the @entity1 @entity311 parasite @entity3964 ; raising the question of whether different mosquito effector genes mediate anti-parasitic responses to different @entity30261 species. RESULTS: Four new An. gambiae (G3) genes were identified that, when silenced, have a different effect on @entity36698 2.34) and @entity30261 ) infections. Orthologs of these genes, as well as LRIM1 and CTL4, were also silenced in An. stephensi (Nijmegen Sda500) females infected with @entity501 (17XNL). For five of the six genes tested, silencing had the same effect on infection in the @entity3964 -An. gambiae and @entity501 -An. stephensi parasite-vector combinations. Although silencing LRIM1 or CTL4 has no effect in An. stephensi females infected with @entity501 , when An. gambiae is infected with the same parasite, silencing these genes has a dramatic effect. In An. gambiae (G3), TEP1, LRIM1 or LRIM2 silencing reverts lysis and melanization of @entity501 , while CTL4 silencing enhances melanization. CONCLUSION: There is a broad spectrum of compatibility, the extent to which the mosquito immune system limits infection, between different @entity30261 strains and particular mosquito strains that is mediated by TEP1/LRIM1 activation. The interactions between highly compatible animal models of @entity311 , such as @entity501 (17XNL)-An. stephensi (Nijmegen Sda500), is more similar to that of @entity30261 )-An. gambiae (G3).

title: Mosquito immune responses and compatibility between XXXX parasites and anopheline mosquitoes.

entities_list: @entity30261 :: ('36329', 'Species') :: ['P. falciparum (3D7', 'Plasmodium']

entities_list: @entity3964 :: ('5833', 'Species') :: ['P. falciparum', 'Plasmodium falciparum']

entities_list: @entity313 :: ('7165', 'Species') :: ['Anopheles gambiae']

entities_list: @entity2637 :: ('5821', 'Species') :: ['Plasmodium berghei']

answer: @entity30261 :: (36329,Species) :: ['Plasmodium']


abstract: @entity2438 is a @entity245 with high heritability. Despite different approaches worldwide to identify susceptibility loci or genes for @entity72 ( @entity72 ), no consistent result has been reported. CNS patterning genes have been recognized as candidate genes for @entity2438 based on neuroimage and neuropathology evidence. This study investigated four candidate genes ( @entity17731 , @entity60345 , @entity44788 , and @entity18247 ) by a tag SNP approach in a family-based association study. The trio samples include 1164 subjects from 393 families, including 393 probands (aged 9.1  4.0years; male, 88.6%) diagnosed with @entity2438 (n=373) or @entity13104 (n=20) according to the DSM-IV diagnostic criteria and confirmed by the Chinese ADI-R interview. Three tag SNPs of @entity60345 (7q36), 6 SNPs of @entity17731 (7q31-33), 5 SNPs of @entity44788 (22q13.3), 3 SNPs of @entity18247 (7q31) were genotyped. TDT analysis was done to test the association of each tag SNP and haplotype. There was no association with @entity2438 for 17 tag SNPs of @entity17731 , @entity60345 , @entity44788 , and @entity18247 based on SNP analyses. Haplotype analyses did not reveal significant association except for the 6 tag SNPs of @entity17731 gene showing a significant association on one haplotype composed of @entity60346 and @entity60347 (G-G) (p=0.0095). Other haplotypes composed of @entity60346 and @entity60347 (G-G) were also significantly associated with @entity2438 . The present study indicates that @entity44788 may not be a critical gene for the etiology of @entity72 in Han Chinese population. Inconsistent findings in @entity60345 and @entity18247 in the Han Chinese population need further clarification. A haplotype of @entity17731 ( @entity60346 - @entity60347 : G-G) is significantly associated with @entity72 in our trios samples, this finding warrants further validation by different sample and confirmation by functional study.

title: Association study of the CNS patterning genes and XXXX in Han Chinese in Taiwan.

entities_list: @entity2438 :: ('MESH:D001321', 'Disease') :: ['autistic disorder', 'autism', 'Autism']

entities_list: @entity245 :: ('MESH:D002658', 'Disease') :: ['complex neurodevelopmental disorder']

entities_list: @entity13104 :: ('MESH:D020817', 'Disease') :: ["Asperger's disorder"]

entities_list: @entity72 :: ('MESH:D002659', 'Disease') :: ['ASDs', 'autism spectrum disorders']

answer: @entity2438 :: (MESH:D001321,Disease) :: ['autism']


abstract: 39 @entity1 (23 from the family planning clinic at Cairo University Hospital and 16 private @entity1 ) who took 1 mg @entity31426 + .1 mg @entity8473 were followed on therapy for 6-12 months, the total number of cycles being 336. The @entity1 took the tablet for 22 days starting from the fifth cycle day of the first cycle and then refrained from therapy for 6 days. Average cycle lengths were 30.3 days and 28.1 days for the hospital and private groups, respectively. Average flow lengths were 3.6 and 3.39 days, respectively. Flow was moderate, slight, and severe in 67.2, 27.8%, and 2.9% of the cycles, respectively. 8 amenorrheic cycles and 17 cycles with spotting or @entity548 occurred. 70% of the cycles had complaints of @entity1834 . @entity10 occurred in 34.8% and 15% of the hospital and private group cycles, respectively. Increase in the incidence of fall of hair occurred in 11.8% of the total number of cycles. The average increase in weight was 2.1 kg/year. No significant changes in blood pressure occurred nor did any @entity1031 manifestations. No suspicious or malignant smears occurred. Pregnancy protection was total. Almost all @entity1 reported subjective impro vement of symptoms experienced with higher dose pills.

title: XXXX 1 mg.- @entity8473 0.1 mg: a new low dose oral contraceptive: a clinical study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity1834 :: ('MESH:D004412', 'Disease') :: ['dysmenorrhea']

entities_list: @entity31426 :: ('MESH:D008234', 'Chemical') :: ['lynestrenol']

entities_list: @entity8473 :: ('MESH:D008656', 'Chemical') :: ['mestranol']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['thromboembolic']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['Headaches']

answer: @entity31426 :: (MESH:D008234,Chemical) :: ['Lynestrenol']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to prospectively evaluate the impact of different degrees of @entity11283 on the acute and 1-year clinical and angiographic outcomes of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and adjunctive vascular brachytherapy (VBT) with 90Sr/90Y for in-stent @entity75 (ISR) in 118 @entity1 . METHODS AND RESULTS: Sixty consecutive @entity1 were treated according to an aggressive PCI strategy (group 1); fifty-eight were treated non-aggressively (group 2). Irradiation was performed with a manual afterloader. Clinical and angiographic baseline characteristics did not differ between groups. Group 1 yielded a higher acute lumen gain (2.3 +/- 1.2 mm versus 1.7 +/- 1.3 mm; p=0.005) and a higher prevalence of additional stent implantation (48.3% versus 22.4%; p=0.003). At follow-up, net gain (1.8 +/- 0.7 mm versus 1.4 +/- 0.8 mm; p=0.102) was equalized by a higher late loss in group 1 (0.6 +/- 0.8 mm versus 0.3 +/- 0.7 mm; p=0.036). Remaining target vessel late loss, due to edge effects, was considerably higher in group 1 than in group 2 (0.5 +/- 0.8 mm versus 0.2 +/- 0.5 mm; p<0.001), leading to a higher rate of binary angiographic restenosis (23.3% versus 6.9%; p=0.013) and target vessel revascularization (16.7% versus 5.2%; p=0.046). After excluding @entity1 who received additional stents, the angiographic differences between groups were attenuated. CONCLUSION: Our study does not support the use of oversized balloons and high inflation pressures for the treatment of ISR when combined with VBT. Additional stent implantation combined with VBT carries a high risk of repeat revascularization in the setting of ISR and should be avoided.

title: Impact of @entity11283 on acute and late angiographic and clinical outcomes following angioplasty and beta-irradiation of coronary in-stent XXXX .

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['restenotic lesions']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity11283 :: ('MESH:D001469', 'Disease') :: ['vessel barotrauma']

answer: @entity75 :: (MESH:D001927,Disease) :: ['restenotic lesions']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3652 acts directly on vascular smooth muscle, causing relaxation. It has been suggested that the mechanism underlying this action involves an interference with transmembrane @entity141 influx and an inhibition of @entity141 release from intracellular @entity141 stores. In vascular smooth muscle cells, agonist-induced @entity141 release is thought to be mediated by an intracellular second messenger, @entity671 (InsP3). To investigate the site at which @entity3652 acts on agonist-induced contraction, the authors studied the effects of @entity3652 on contraction and on the synthesis of InsP3 in smooth muscles of the @entity95 mesenteric artery. METHODS: Changes in isometric tension of smooth muscle fibers were measured by attaching a thin circular strip from the @entity95 mesenteric artery to a strain gauge. To measure the @entity1063 (NE)-induced production of InsP3, smooth muscle strips of the @entity95 mesenteric artery were exposed to the agents and homogenized. @entity671 in the supernatant fractions was then assayed. RESULTS: @entity3652 dose-dependently inhibited contractions induced by high K+, NE, and @entity112 in normal Krebs solution. @entity3652 also inhibited the NE- or @entity112 -induced contraction in @entity141 -free solution containing 2 mM @entity4526 ( @entity4527 ), indicating that this drug inhibits agonist-induced @entity141 release from intracellular stores. @entity1063 (10 microM) transiently increased the synthesis of InsP3 in @entity141 -free solution, and @entity3652 (0.1-1.0 mM) inhibited this effect, in a dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that, in the @entity95 mesenteric artery, @entity3652 inhibits agonist-induced @entity141 release through its inhibitory action on the agonist-induced synthesis of InsP3. Thus, it is possible that @entity3652 interferes with the synthesis of intracellular second messengers.

title: Effects of @entity3652 on contraction and synthesis of @entity671 in smooth muscle of the XXXX mesenteric artery.

entities_list: @entity671 :: ('MESH:D015544', 'Chemical') :: ['inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate', 'Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate']

entities_list: @entity4526 :: ('CHEBI:30740', 'Chemical') :: ["ethylene-glycol bis-(beta-aminoethylether)-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid"]

entities_list: @entity3652 :: ('MESH:D007649', 'Chemical') :: ['ketamine', 'Ketamine']

entities_list: @entity112 :: ('MESH:D006632', 'Chemical') :: ['histamine']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['Norepinephrine', 'norepinephrine']

answer: @entity95 :: (9986,Species) :: ['rabbit']


abstract: @entity12353 and some phytocannabinoids bind to @entity14650 and @entity14651 cannabinoid receptors, transient receptor potential vanilloid one ( @entity4412 ) receptor and the orphan G protein receptor fifty-five ( @entity59777 ). Studies using C57BL/10 and C57BL/6 ( @entity14651 (tm1Zim)) @entity14651 cannabinoid receptor knockout @entity19 have demonstrated an immune-augmenting effect in @entity6503 ( @entity6503 ) models of @entity15 . However, other @entity6503 studies in Biozzi ABH @entity19 often failed to show any treatment effect of either @entity14651 receptor agonism or antagonism on inhibition of T cell autoimmunity. The influence of genetic background on the induction of @entity6503 in endocannabinoid system-related gene knockout @entity19 was examined. It was found that C57BL/6. @entity59777 knockout @entity19 developed less severe disease, notably in female @entity19 , following active induction with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein 35-55 peptide. In contrast C57BL/6. @entity14651 ( @entity14651 (Dgen)) receptor knockout @entity19 developed @entity66 consistent with the genetically and pharmacologically-distinct, @entity14651 (tm1Zim) @entity19 . However, when the knockout gene was bred into the ABH @entity19 background and @entity6503 induced with spinal cord autoantigens the immune-enhancing effect of @entity14651 receptor deletion was lost. Likewise @entity14650 receptor and transient receptor potential vanilloid one knockout @entity19 on the ABH background demonstrated no alteration in immune-susceptibility, in terms of disease incidence and severity of @entity6503 , in contrast to that reported in some C57BL/6 @entity19 studies. Furthermore the immune-modulating influence of @entity59777 was marginal on the ABH @entity19 background. Whilst sedative doses of @entity839 could induce immunosuppression, this was associated with a @entity14650 receptor rather than a @entity14651 receptor-mediated effect. These data support the fact that non-psychoactive doses of medicinal cannabis have a marginal influence on the immune response in @entity15 . Importantly, it adds a note of caution for the translational value of some transgenic/gene knockout and other studies on low- @entity6503 susceptibility backgrounds with @entity66 and susceptibility.

title: Genetic background can result in a marked or minimal effect of gene knockout ( @entity59777 and @entity14651 receptor) in XXXX models of @entity15 .

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['augmented severity of disease', 'inconsistent disease course']

entities_list: @entity839 :: ('MESH:D013759', 'Chemical') :: ['tetrahydrocannabinol']

entities_list: @entity6503 :: ('MESH:D004681', 'Disease') :: ['EAE', 'experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis']

entities_list: @entity12353 :: ('MESH:D063388', 'Chemical') :: ['Endocannabinoids']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['MS', 'multiple sclerosis']

answer: @entity6503 :: (MESH:D004681,Disease) :: ['experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis']


abstract: The aim of this study was to analyse the results of a programme in the Netherlands for enhanced surveillance of Shiga-toxin-producing @entity526 (STEC) O157. In this programme, implemented in January 1999, all laboratories report positive cases to the public health services and submit isolates for typing to the reference laboratory. Public health services collect clinical and risk factor information of @entity1 , using a standardised questionnaire. Results were analysed for the first two and a half years of the programme. In February 2000, a questionnaire was sent to all laboratories to assess (i) the criteria for testing faecal samples for STEC O157, (ii) the diagnostic tools used, and (iii) the level of participation in the surveillance programme. Between January 1999 and June 2001, 93 cases of symptomatic STEC O157 @entity281 were reported, 25% of which occurred in @entity1 aged 0-4 years. Serotyping for O, H and stx types showed that two types dominated, O157:H7, s tx2 positive (48%) and O157:H-, @entity10952 and @entity23345 positive (24%). Analysis of the 93 isolates by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis showed 17 clusters of isolates with at least 95% fragments in common, including isolates with unknown epidemiological links. Of the @entity1 for whom questionnaire information was reported, 38% were hospitalised, 15% developed @entity2142 , and 52% reported a known risk factor, such as contact with farm animals or manure, consumption of raw or undercooked beef, consumption of raw milk or cheese made from raw milk, or contact with a symptomatic individual. Response to the laboratory survey was high (97%). Only 6% of the laboratories carried out testing for non-O157 STEC, although 95% performed testing for STEC O157. The majority (88%) used culture on @entity5121 MacConkey agar or @entity5121 MacConkey agar with @entity6727 and @entity23755 as the method of detection of STEC O157. The identity of the strains was confirmed primarily with commercially available latex agglutination assays (95% of laboratories) and biochemical characterisation with the API 20E test (bioM  rieux, France) (42% of laboratories). Most laboratories (92%) used selection criteria for testing, especially bloody @entity294 and other clinical information (81% of laboratories) and young age (10%). It is concluded that STEC O157 is a limited public health problem in the Netherlands, although the selective testing policy and the low sensitivity of the culture techniques used probably caused the incidence of STEC O157 @entity281 to be underestimated.

title: Enhanced laboratory-based surveillance of Shiga-toxin-producing XXXX O157 in The Netherlands.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5121 :: ('MESH:D013012', 'Chemical') :: ['sorbitol']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhoea']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity23755 :: ('MESH:C026660', 'Chemical') :: ['tellurite']

entities_list: @entity2142 :: ('MESH:D006461', 'Disease') :: ['haemolytic uraemic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity6727 :: ('MESH:D020682', 'Chemical') :: ['cefixime']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

answer: @entity526 :: (562,Species) :: ['Escherichia coli']


abstract: AIM: It was recently suggested that early postoperative @entity410 relapse implicates a failure to define and resect the epileptogenic zone, that late recurrences reflect the persistence or re-emergence of epileptogenic pathology, and that early recurrences are associated with poor treatment response. Timing of antiepileptic drugs withdrawal policies, however, have never been taken into account when investigating time to relapse following @entity302 surgery. METHODS: Of the European @entity302 surgery cohort from the "TimeToStop" study, all 95 @entity1 with postoperative @entity410 recurrence following antiepileptic drug (AED) withdrawal were selected. We investigated how time intervals from surgery to AED withdrawal, as well as other previously suggested determinants of (timing of) @entity410 recurrence, related to time to relapse and to relapse treatability. Uni- and multivariable linear and logistic regression models were used. RESULTS: Based on multivariable analysis, a shorter interval to AED reduction was the only independent predictor of a shorter time to relapse. Based on univariable analysis, incomplete resection of the epileptogenic zone related to a shorter time to recurrence. Timing of recurrence was not related to the chance of regaining @entity410 freedom after reinstallation of medical treatment. CONCLUSION: For @entity1 in whom AED reduction is initiated following @entity302 surgery, the time to relapse is largely influenced by the timing of AED withdrawal, rather than by disease or surgery-specific factors. We could not confirm a relationship between time to recurrence and treatment response. Timing of AED withdrawal should be taken into account when studying time to relapse following @entity302 surgery, as early withdrawal reveals more rapidly whether surgery had the intended curative effect, independently of the other factors involved.

title: Time to relapse after XXXX surgery in @entity1 : AED withdrawal policies are a contributing factor.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['paediatric epilepsy', 'epilepsy']

answer: @entity302 :: (MESH:D004827,Disease) :: ['epilepsy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity263 has historically been associated with @entity854 . This study was undertaken to investigate the prevalence of @entity854 factors in @entity1 with @entity263 before and after radical prostatectomy (RP). Because coagulation factors have been shown to be involved in @entity5 angiogenesis, the vascular density of the @entity263 was assessed. METHODS: Plasma of 40 consecutive @entity1 with histologically proven @entity263 was investigated pre-RP and post-RP. The antigen level for @entity5582 , @entity2289 , and heparin cofactor-II, and the plasma activity of @entity5582 and plasminogen were determined by using immunologic and chromogenic assays. The values of these assays were compared with a group of 28 male, age-matched @entity1 without any evidence of @entity5 and 18 @entity1 with orthopedic interventions preoperatively and postoperatively. The vascular density of the @entity263 was assessed by staining paraffin sections with an antibody to @entity2280 . RESULTS: The median plasma antigen levels and/or activities of the investigated factors were below normal in the @entity263 @entity1 before RP. Furthermore, coagulation factors were significantly lower than in the age-matched control group and @entity1 before and after orthopedic surgery. In @entity263 @entity1 , the median values of all investigated factors went up to normal levels within 2 weeks after RP, whereas postsurgical levels in orthopedic @entity1 remained stable. No correlations to @entity5 parameters have been observed. CONCLUSION: We assume that the reduction of these coagulation factors is a principle concept in @entity263 that needs further investigation.

title: Reduced plasma levels of coagulation factors in relation to XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer', 'Prostate cancer', 'prostate tumors']

entities_list: @entity2289 :: ('5054', 'Gene') :: ['plasminogen activator inhibitor-1']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['abnormalities of coagulation', 'coagulation abnormalities']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity8783 induces autophagy, which is known to be involved in many physiopathological processes such as cell development, aging, stress response, immune response and @entity5 . Several studies showed that @entity8783 expression is associated with several prognostic factors of @entity356 . Recently, the connection between autophagy and the hedgehog (HH) signaling pathway has been studied. Here, we investigated the relationship between the autophagy and hedgehog (HH) signaling pathways in @entity356 . We evaluated @entity8783 and @entity1357 expression in 108 @entity356 tissues via immunohistochemical analysis, using a tissue microarray, in relation to survival and other prognostic factors. Our results show that increased @entity8783 expression is correlated with favorable clinicopathological variables including histologic grade, @entity5 size, @entity5 ( @entity5 ) stage, lymph node @entity3 , lymphatic invasion, @entity3 , and @entity5 recurrence. Furthermore, increased @entity1357 expression was correlated with several favorable clinicopathological variables including @entity5 ( @entity5 ) stage, lymphatic invasion, and @entity5 recurrence. Increased @entity8783 expression was significantly correlated with increased @entity1357 . Univariate analyses for disease-free survival and overall survival revealed that the higher @entity8783 and @entity1357 expression group had a more favorable prognosis compared with the lower @entity8783 and @entity1357 expression group. Our results suggest that progressively increased @entity8783 and @entity1357 expression contributes to the inhibition of @entity5 growth and @entity3 in @entity356 and @entity8783 acts as a @entity5 suppressor by regulating the HH signaling pathway through @entity1357 expression in @entity356 .

title: Autophagy is related to the hedgehog signaling pathway in human XXXX : Prognostic significance of @entity8783 and @entity1357 expression in human @entity356 .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'T', 'cancer', 'primary tumor']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'neural invasion']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric adenocarcinoma', 'gastric carcinomas']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['gastric adenocarcinoma']