abstract: UNASSIGNED: The invasion of @entity189 cells is a crucial feature in @entity105 . The penetration efficiency not only depends on the @entity5 cells, but also on the composition of the @entity5 microenvironment. Our group has developed a 3D invasion assay based on @entity1 uterine @entity2909 tissue. Here we tested whether @entity1 , porcine, @entity19 or @entity35 hearts as well as porcine tongue tissues could be similarly used to study @entity189 cell invasion in vitro. Three invasive @entity1 @entity957 ( @entity8989 , SCC-25 and SCC-15), @entity320 (G-361) and @entity0 (MDA-MB-231) cell lines, and co-cultures of @entity8989 and @entity189 -associated or normal oral fibroblasts were assayed. @entity1868 tissue, both native and lyophilized, promoted invasion and growth of the @entity5 cells. However, the healthy heart or tongue matrices were unable to induce the invasion of any type of @entity5 cells tested. Moreover, when studied in more detail, small molecular weight fragments derived from heart tissue rinsing media inhibited @entity8989 horizontal migration. Proteome analysis of @entity1868 rinsing media, on the other hand, revealed migration enhancing factors. These results highlight the important role of matrix composition for @entity3 studies in vitro and further demonstrate the unique properties of @entity1 @entity1868 organotypic model.

title: Neoplastic extracellular matrix environment promotes XXXX in vitro.

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['ductal breast adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['cancer invasion']

entities_list: @entity105 :: ('MESH:D063646', 'Disease') :: ['carcinogenesis']

entities_list: @entity2909 :: ('MESH:D007889', 'Disease') :: ['leiomyoma']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['cancer invasion']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity1002 ( @entity1002 ) is a useful parameter for the management of postinfarction @entity1 . As the current methods of estimating @entity1002 are invasive, the existence of non-invasive methods would be of great practical value. This study investigates the relation between @entity1002 and Doppler parameters such as E wave deceleration time (EDT) and E/A ratio, at one month following an @entity583 . METHODS: Eighty-nine @entity1 with a first @entity583 treated with thrombolytic agents were studied. Doppler-echocardiography at 29 +/- 3 days and cardiac catheterization at 30 +/- 4 days postinfarction were performed. According to the ejection fraction (EF), the @entity1 were divided into group 1 (n = 17) with EF < 45%, and group 2 (n = 72) with EF > 45%. RESULTS: Overall, the E/A ratio showed a weak correlation with @entity1002 (r = 0.32; p = 0.007), and EDT did not correlate with @entity1002 . When @entity1 from group 2 were analyzed, no correlation was found between @entity1002 and either E/A or EDT. However, in @entity1 from group 1, @entity1002 strongly correlated with both EDT (r = -0.83; p = 0.00001) and E/A (r = 0.70; p = 0.003). Moreover, the sensitivity and specificity of an EDT of less than 150 ms in predicting a @entity1002 > 20 mmHg was 100%. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that at the first month after a @entity583 EDT provides a non-invasive and useful parameter for estimating @entity1002 in @entity1 with @entity299 .

title: [E wave deceleration time predicts left ventricular telediastolic pressure in @entity583 in XXXX with @entity299 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'acute myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['Left ventricular end-diastolic pressure', 'LVEDP']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['systolic dysfunction']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the association between first-trimester HbA(1c) ( @entity3916 ) and the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes in @entity164 1 @entity6 pregnancies. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We identified all pregnant @entity6 @entity1 in a Danish county from 1985 to 2003. @entity3916 values from first trimester were collected, and pregnancy outcome was dichotomized as good (i.e., babies surviving the 1st month of life without major @entity154 ) and adverse (i.e., spontaneous and therapeutic abortion, stillbirth, @entity204 , or major @entity154 detected within the 1st month). The prevalence of adverse outcomes was calculated according to quintiles of @entity3916 . We computed receiver operating characteristic and lowess curve estimates and fitted logistic regression models to calculate prevalence odds ratio while adjusting for confounding by White class and smoking status. RESULTS: Of 573 pregnancies, 165 (29%) terminated with adverse outcomes. The prevalence of adverse outcomes varied sixfold from 12% (95% CI 7.2-17) in the lowest to 79% (60-91) in the highest quintile of @entity3916 exposure. From @entity3916 levels >7%, we found an almost linear association between @entity3916 and risk of adverse outcome, whereby a 1% increase in @entity3916 corresponded to 5.5% (3.8-7.3) increased risk of adverse outcome. CONCLUSIONS: Starting from a first-trimester @entity3916 level slightly <7%, there is a dose-dependent association between @entity3916 and the risk of adverse pregnancy outcome without indication of a plateau, below which the association no longer exits. @entity3916 , however, seems to be of limited value in predicting outcome in the individual pregnancy.

title: HbA1c in early XXXX pregnancy and pregnancy outcomes: a Danish population-based cohort study of 573 pregnancies in @entity1 with @entity164 1 @entity6 .

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['congenital abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['neonatal death']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetic']


abstract: PURPOSE: Cortical @entity413 metabolism, brain amyloid b accumulation and hippocampal atrophy imaging have all been suggested as potential biomarkers in predicting which @entity1 with @entity73 ( @entity73 ) will convert to @entity195 ( @entity195 ). The aim of this study was to compare the prognostic ability of @entity11703 PET, @entity419 PET and quantitative hippocampal volumes measured with MR imaging in predicting conversion to @entity195 in @entity1 with @entity73 . METHODS: The study group comprised 29 @entity1 with @entity73 who underwent @entity11703 PET and MR imaging. Of these, 22 also underwent @entity419 PET. All subjects were invited back for clinical evaluation after 2 years. RESULTS: During the follow-up time 17 @entity1 had converted to @entity195 while 12 continued to meet the criteria for @entity73 . The two groups did not differ in age, gender or education level, but the converter group tended to have lower MMSE and Word List learning than the nonconverter group. High @entity11703 retention in the frontotemporal regions and anterior and posterior cingulate (p < 0.05) predicted conversion to @entity195 . Also reduced @entity419 uptake in the left lateral temporal cortex (LTC) predicted conversion (p < 0.05), but quantitative hippocampal volumes did not (p > 0.1). In receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis the measurements that best predicted the conversion were @entity11703 retention in the lateral frontal cortex and @entity419 uptake in the left LTC. Both PET methods resulted in good sensitivity and specificity and neither was significantly superior to the other. CONCLUSION: The findings indicate that @entity11703 and @entity419 are superior to hippocampal volumes in predicting conversion to @entity195 in @entity1 with @entity73 .

title: @entity11703 , XXXX and MR imaging in @entity1 with @entity73 .

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['MCI', 'mild cognitive impairment']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['AD', "Alzheimer's disease"]

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity419 :: (MESH:D019788,Chemical) :: ['[18F]FDG']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the optic nerve (ON) size and globe shape in amblyopic eyes using high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and to compare these values with those of the sound fellow eye and of normal control eyes. DESIGN: Prospective case-control study. METHODS: Thirty-four amblyopic @entity1 and 60 normal control @entity1 were evaluated using surface coil MRI. Retrobulbar ON cross-section, maximum globe cross-section, globe noncircularity (globe major @entity2270 ), @entity3656 ( @entity3656 ), and the ratio of @entity3656 to ON ( @entity3656 /ON) were measured. RESULTS: Corrected logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution acuity of all 34 amblyopic eyes averaged 0.43 +/- 0.30. The mean retrobulbar ON cross-section was 9.7 +/- 2.4 mm(2), 9.5 +/- 2.3 mm(2), and 10.7 +/- 2.6 mm(2) for amblyopic, fellow, and normal ONs, respectively. Although amblyopic and fellow ONs had similar cross-sections, both were significantly (P = .02) subnormal. @entity3656 /ON was 2.7 +/- 1.2 mm(-1), 2.7 +/- 1.0 mm(-1), and 2.3 +/- 0.5 mm(-1), respectively. Although @entity3656 /ON significantly exceeded normal in amblyopic eyes (P = .01), there was no significant difference between amblyopic and fellow eyes. Globe noncircularity of amblyopic eyes (1.17 +/- 0.07; P = .002) and fellow eyes (1.15 +/- 0.04; P < .001) was significantly greater than that of control eyes (1.11 +/- 0.04), but amblyopic and fellow eyes did not differ significantly. CONCLUSIONS: Unilateral @entity4457 is associated with bilaterally, but also with subclinically hypoplastic ONs, greater than normal @entity3656 /ON, and abnormally noncircular globe cross-section. These factors evidently do not determine which of the 2 eyes will become amblyopic. Reduced circularity of amblyopic and fellow eyes may reflect optical causes of @entity4457 or bilateral dysregulation of globe shape secondary to @entity4457 .

title: Bilateral abnormalities of optic nerve size and eye shape in unilateral XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2270 :: ('MESH:C566610', 'Disease') :: ['axis/minor axis']

entities_list: @entity4457 :: ('MESH:D000550', 'Disease') :: ['amblyopia']

entities_list: @entity3656 :: ('MESH:D007870', 'Disease') :: ['AL', 'axial length']

answer: @entity4457 :: (MESH:D000550,Disease) :: ['amblyopia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness and safety of @entity16550 , @entity396 , and @entity398 for the prevention of postpartum @entity548 following cesarean deliveries. METHODS: A double-blind randomized controlled trial enrolled @entity1 with a singleton pregnancy scheduled for an elective cesarean delivery at a maternity hospital in Cairo, Egypt, between October 1, 2012 and June 30, 2013. @entity1 were randomized using a computer-generated sequence to receive treatment with @entity16550 , @entity396 , or @entity398 . The primary outcome was the occurrence of uterine @entity1806 necessitating additional uterotonics. Per-protocol analyses were performed. @entity1 , investigators, and data analysts were masked to treatment assignments. RESULTS: The present study enrolled 263 @entity1 ; data were analyzed from 88 @entity1 treated with @entity16550 , 89 treated with @entity396 , and 86 @entity1 treated with @entity398 . Further uterotonics were needed for the treatment of 5 (6%) @entity1 who were treated with @entity16550 , 20 (22%) @entity1 treated with @entity396 , and 11 (13%) @entity1 treated with @entity398 . In the prevention of uterine @entity1806 , @entity16550 was comparable with @entity398 (RR 0.41, 95%CI 0.14-1.25) and superior to @entity396 (RR 0.21, 95%CI 0.07-0.58). CONCLUSION: Additional uterotonics were needed less frequently by @entity1 treated with @entity16550 . @entity16550 was comparable to @entity398 and superior to @entity396 in the prevention of uterine @entity1806 following an elective cesarean delivery. ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02053922.

title: Randomized controlled trial comparing XXXX , @entity396 , and @entity398 for the prevention of postpartum @entity548 following an elective cesarean delivery.

entities_list: @entity398 :: ('MESH:D010121', 'Chemical') :: ['oxytocin']

entities_list: @entity16550 :: ('MESH:C020731', 'Chemical') :: ['Carbetocin', 'carbetocin']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity396 :: ('MESH:D016595', 'Chemical') :: ['misoprostol']

answer: @entity16550 :: (MESH:C020731,Chemical) :: ['carbetocin']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore and describe the demands of long-term @entity5 surveillance among survivors of @entity259 and how these perceived demands influence their quality of life. DESCRIPTION OF STUDY: The sample consisted of 34 @entity1 who had undergone thyroid hormone withdrawal before body scanning for evaluation of @entity5 recurrence and/or metastatic disease. @entity1 completed two self-report instruments: 1) a Demographic Data Tool, and 2) three open-ended questions about quality of life during thyroid hormone withdrawal. The @entity1 wrote down their answers to the demographics and open-ended questions. RESULTS: The 34 @entity1 had a mean age of 40 years (range, 22-73 years); 85% were @entity1 and 74% were white. All were high school educated, and 32% were college graduates. Sixty-eight percent were married, and 75% were employed either full- or part-time. @entity1 experienced profound changes in relationship to withdrawal from thyroid hormone medication. These changes in physical well-being coupled with the potential for disease recurrence influenced their psychological and social well-being. Balancing the demands of @entity5 surveillance (through body scanning and thyroid hormone withdrawal) against day-to-day living had a major influence on perceptions of quality of life. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Study results support other studies and clinical reports that physical symptoms related to thyroid hormone withdrawal were profound, severe, and debilitating. First, @entity1 with @entity259 had to learn through their own personal experiences what physical limitations were imposed during the period of surveillance testing. Second, the physical changes and anticipation of body scanning exerted a profound effect on psychological and social well-being. Feelings of loss, @entity148 , @entity308 , and loss of concentration were very difficult to endure. Third, given the general characteristics of this population of @entity259 survivors who generally are younger and working, the experience of @entity1375 can have a major impact on work schedules. Individuals who require a large amount of concentrated attention to work tasks may need to modify their work schedules during @entity1375 states. Findings suggest that individuals who are considered "cured" of their disease are a largely forgotten segment of @entity5 survivors. However, @entity1 in this study continued to inform us of the process of @entity5 survivorship and the need for exploring quality-of-life concerns, regardless of prognosis.

title: Balancing demands of XXXX surveillance among survivors of @entity259 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity1375 :: ('MESH:D007037', 'Disease') :: ['hypothyroidism', 'hypothyroid']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity259 :: ('MESH:D013964', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid cancer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Clinical diagnosis is accurate in only 80% of @entity1 with suspected @entity698 with negative appendectomy rates of up to 21%. In the UK the use of standard-dose CT (SDCT) is conservative due to concerns over radiation exposure and resource implications. The use of low dose computer tomography (LDCT) instead of standard dose computer tomography (SDCT) may partially address these concerns. AIM: To compare LDCT and SDCT in the diagnosis of @entity698 . METHODS: A literature search of the EMBASE and MEDLINE databases in July 2015 was conducted using the keywords 'low dose CT' and ' @entity698 '. Data were analysed and p values calculated using the Chi-square test. P values less than 0.05 were considered to be significant. RESULTS: LDCT (1.2-5.3  @entity2073 ) was not inferior to SDCT (5.2-10.2  @entity2073 ) in the diagnosis of @entity697 and proposing alternative diagnoses. SDCT was superior to LDCT in the negative predictive value of diagnosis of appendiceal perforation. There was no significant difference between LDCT and SDCT in negative appendectomy rate, appendiceal perforation rate and the need for additional imaging. CONCLUSION: LDCT is not inferior to SDCT in the diagnosis of @entity697 and proposing alternative diagnoses. Further studies are recommended to further assess the potential role of LDCT _ its cost effectiveness. Its use may improve the current management of @entity1 with suspected @entity697 .

title: Low vs. standard dose computed tomography in suspected XXXX : Is it time for a change?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute appendicitis']

entities_list: @entity698 :: ('MESH:D001064', 'Disease') :: ['appendicitis']

answer: @entity697 :: (MESH:D000208,Disease) :: ['acute appendicitis']


abstract: @entity381 is a common finding in @entity1 with @entity101 . In the present study the relation between spleen size and blood flow in the splenic and portal vein was evaluated in 33 @entity1 with @entity7160 and @entity101 using pulsed Doppler sonography (Ultramark 9, ATL, Solingen, FRG). There was a significant positive correlation between @entity4559 ( @entity4559 ) and splenic vein diameter (r = .73, p less than .001) as expected as the consequence of @entity101 . However, a positive correlation between @entity4559 and splenic vein flow (SBF) was found (r = .67, p less than .001). Furthermore, there was no negative correlation between @entity4559 and flow velocity in the splenic vein (r = .01, n.s.). Portal blood flow (830 +/- 360 ml/min) was fairly constant in spite of considerable variations in SBF (range: 120 to 1200 ml/min). The data of the present study indicate that @entity381 in @entity1 with @entity1575 and @entity101 is not simply the consequence of portal congestion resulting in decreased SBF. Rather, increased SBF serves to maintain portal blood flow and thereby contributes to @entity101 . In few @entity1 (15%) SBF increased to more than 11/min may be an important factor for the severity of @entity101 . Surgical shunt treatment should be adjusted in these @entity1 .

title: [Splenic size and duplex sonography determination of blood flow in the vena lienalis and vena portae in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity4559 :: ('MESH:D013160', 'Disease') :: ['hilar spleen diameter', 'HD']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['portal hypertension']

entities_list: @entity381 :: ('MESH:D013163', 'Disease') :: ['splenomegaly', 'Splenomegaly']

entities_list: @entity1575 :: ('MESH:D008103', 'Disease') :: ['liver cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity7160 :: ('MESH:D008104', 'Disease') :: ['alcoholic liver cirrhosis']

answer: @entity1575 :: (MESH:D008103,Disease) :: ['liver cirrhosis']


abstract: @entity2347 of the salivary glands is characterized by a poor response to chemotherapy. Most cases of @entity2347 express the @entity2467 protein. @entity2213 mesylate (Gleevec) inhibits several protein- @entity669 kinases, including @entity2467 . We therefore hypothesized that @entity2213 may be an effective drug in @entity1 with locally advanced or metastatic @entity2347 and conducted a phase 2 trial in order to study this. @entity1 with locally advanced or metastatic @entity2347 and @entity2467 positive @entity5 were eligible. Fourteen @entity1 were screened and 10 @entity1 (71%) with @entity2467 positive @entity5 entered the study. Treatment was begun at a dose of @entity2213 of 400mg/day. Dose escalation was allowed in the absence of @entity137 . The dose was increased to 600mg/d in three @entity1 and 800mg/d in one @entity1 . Three @entity1 required dose reduction to 300mg/d, due to grade 3 @entity137 . No grade 4 @entity137 was seen. No objective responses were seen. Two @entity1 (20%) exhibited stable disease for 11 and 14 months, respectively. All other @entity1 stopped treatment after 2-14 (median 6) months due to progressive disease. @entity2213 has no major effect on advanced @entity2347 of the @entity135 .

title: A phase II study of @entity2213 for advanced @entity2347 of XXXX salivary glands.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours']

entities_list: @entity2347 :: ('MESH:D003528', 'Disease') :: ['adenoid cystic carcinoma', 'Adenoid cystic carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

entities_list: @entity2213 :: ('MESH:C097613', 'Chemical') :: ['Imatinib']

answer: @entity135 :: (MESH:D006258,Disease) :: ['head and neck']


abstract: Healing of a @entity2687 wound was followed in the monkey eye ( @entity5434 ) for 4 months. A @entity2687 wound was inflicted in one eye in each of 30 monkeys under general anesthesia. A round filter paper, 5.5 mm in diameter, soaked in 1 N @entity6674 was put centrally on the @entity267 for 60 seconds. The alkali wounded all layers in the @entity267 underlying the filter paper, including the endothelium. Epithelial and endothelial healing was assessed morphometrically from photographs and micrographs, respectively. Stromal healing was documented using quantitative microradiography. During the observation period the wounds regained complete transparency. The epithelium showed few complications after primary healing during the first three days. The stroma regained normal thickness and dry mass content within one week. The endothelium resurfaced within one week and then remained intact. The role of the endothelial healing behaviour for the wound healing process is emphasized.

title: XXXX wound healing in the monkey.

entities_list: @entity5434 :: ('9541', 'Species') :: ['Macaca fascicularis']

entities_list: @entity2687 :: ('MESH:D003316', 'Disease') :: ['corneal alkali']

answer: @entity2687 :: (MESH:D003316,Disease) :: ['Corneal alkali']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The relationship between different lifestyle factors and the risk of needing cholecystectomy for @entity5990 is not clear. This study aimed to assess the association between anthropometric, lifestyle and sociodemographic risk factors and the subsequent risk of requiring cholecystectomy for @entity5990 during long-term follow-up in a defined population cohort. METHODS: Data from a large population-based cohort study performed from 1995 to 1997 were used (the second Norwegian Nord-Tr  ndelag health study, HUNT2). Following HUNT2, from 1998 to 2011, all @entity1 operated on for @entity5990 with cholecystectomy at the two hospitals in the county, Levanger Hospital and Namsos Hospital, were identified. A Cox proportional hazards model was used for multivariable risk analysis. RESULTS: The HUNT2 cohort included 65   237 individuals (69  5 per cent response rate), aged 20-99   years. During a median follow-up of 15  3 (range 0  6-16  4) years, 1162 cholecystectomies were performed. In multivariable analysis, overweight individuals (body mass index (BMI) 25  0-29  9   kg/m(2) ) had a 58 per cent increased risk of cholecystectomy compared with individuals with normal weight (BMI less than 25  0   kg/m(2) ). Obese individuals (BMI 30   kg/m(2) or above) had a twofold increased risk. Increasing waist circumference independently increased the risk of cholecystectomy. In @entity1 , current hormone replacement therapy (HRT) increased the risk, whereas hard physical activity and higher educational level were associated with reduced risk of cholecystectomy. CONCLUSION: High BMI and waist circumference increased the risk of having cholecystectomy for both sexes. In @entity1 , the risk was increased by HRT, and decreased by hard physical activity and higher educational level.

title: Risk factors for requiring cholecystectomy for XXXX in a prospective population-based cohort study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'women']

entities_list: @entity5990 :: ('MESH:D042882', 'Disease') :: ['gallstone disease']

answer: @entity5990 :: (MESH:D042882,Disease) :: ['gallstone disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Solid-organ transplant recipients are at great risk for @entity3814 because of both underlying pretransplant @entity79 and posttransplant immunosuppressive treatments. Balloon kyphoplasty is a minimally invasive procedure that is used to treat @entity158 . It involves injection of @entity4625 into the vertebral body to stabilize the @entity174 and to alleviate the @entity158 immediately. In this study, we report the results of balloon kyphoplasty for treatment of @entity3814 in solid-organ transplant recipients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 512 liver transplant and 2248 kidney transplant procedures that were performed in our center between 1985 and 2015. Seven transplant recipients with a total of 10 acute, symptomatic @entity3814 who were unresponsive to conservative treatment for 3 weeks underwent balloon kyphoplasty. Clinical outcome was graded using the visual analog scale. Radiographic evaluation included measurement of the segmental @entity1513 by the Cobb method. RESULTS: There were 4 female and 3 male @entity1 in our study group. Ages of @entity1 ranged from 56 to 63 years with an average age of 58.8 years. The affected vertebral levels varied from T12 to L4. Mean follow-up after balloon kyphoplasty was 3.4 years, and mean time interval from transplant to balloon kyphoplasty was 8.6 years. Statistically significant difference is evident 3 years after transplant surgery (P < .05). Sagittal alignment improved (> 5 degrees) in 2 of 7 @entity1 (28%). CONCLUSIONS: Transplant recipients are at great risk in terms of vertebral compression @entity174 development, especially within 1 year after transplant. Although conservative treatment has been the first treatment choice for vertebral compression @entity174 , long treatment time and high costs may be needed to achieve cure. Experience with our small @entity1 population showed that balloon kyphoplasty was effective and safe for obtaining rapid @entity158 relief and earlier mobilization with fewer complications.

title: Balloon Kyphoplasty Is a Safe and Effective Option for the Treatment of XXXX in Solid-Organ Transplant Recipients.

entities_list: @entity4625 :: ('MESH:D019904', 'Chemical') :: ['polymethylmethacrylate']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity3814 :: ('MESH:D050815', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures', 'vertebral compression fractures']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone diseases']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['painful osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures', 'pain']

answer: @entity3814 :: (MESH:D050815,Disease) :: ['Vertebral Compression Fractures']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to identify the prevalence of @entity179 individuals and correlate it with their degree of physical activity. METHODS: We recruited 126 healthy subjects, mean age 33.1, range 20 - 50 (78 males and 48 females). Their levels of physical activity were assessed by a questionnaire and scored using the Allied Dunbar Fitness Survey criteria, modified to exclude non-weight bearing activity. One investigator, who was blinded to the activity levels, ultrasound scanned all 252 tendons. Tendons were examined for evidence of hypoechoic regions, localised fusiform thickening, and the cross-sectional diameter of each was measured. RESULTS: Overall 59% (149) of tendons had ultrasound evidence of hypoechoic regions. In 50 tendons (in 31 @entity1 ) there was a history of previous @entity158 and 84% of these had hypoechoic regions. Thirty three percent of subjects in the lowest quartile of activity had evidence of hypoechoic regions compared to 72.6% in the most active quartile (Pearson Chi2 p < 0.01). Only 5.6% of all Achilles tendons had ultrasound evidence of localised fusiform thickening, with none in the inactive group compared to 6.4% in the very active group (Pearson Chi2 p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: Degenerative changes, identified by ultrasound, are common in the Achilles tendon and are often asymptomatic. There is a direct relationship between these changes and levels of current and lifetime activity. The natural history of asymptomatic @entity924 and their relationship to future @entity158 or tendon pathology is unknown.

title: Use of ultrasound to identify XXXX in an active asymptomatic population.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity924 :: ('MESH:D052256', 'Disease') :: ['chronic Achilles tendinosis']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['degenerative change in the Achilles tendons of currently asymptomatic']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'Achilles pain']

answer: @entity924 :: (MESH:D052256,Disease) :: ['chronic Achilles tendinosis']


abstract: Sixty-two @entity1 with @entity3127 or @entity3617 were treated with @entity5504 . In 42 @entity1 (= 68%), the therapy was clinically successful. Of the @entity1 who did not respond to therapy, @entity5504 -resistant bacteria were found in the sputum culture of seven. Of the remaining 13 @entity1 , ten suffered a secondary infection with @entity5504 -resistant bacteria, and in three @entity1 the pathogen found before therapy persisted, although sensitive to @entity5504 on testing. In seven @entity1 therapy was clinically successful although @entity5504 -resistant pathogens were present before the start of therapy. In the entire group of @entity1 investigated no increase of SGOT, SGPT, alkaline phosphatase, @entity648 , @entity1133 or @entity1011 was observed. In two @entity1 alkaline phosphatase and SGOT increased slightly; in three @entity1 SGPT increased slightly. On the other hand, in several @entity1 initially elevated SGOT, SGPT and alkaline phosphatase activity decreased during therapy. Clinical side-effects were seen in two @entity1 . In one @entity1 with known @entity114 allergy a @entity1910 developed; in the other @entity1 , who had @entity14086 , exacerbation of skin efflorescences occurred.

title: [Therapy of XXXX and @entity3127 in adults with @entity5504 (author's transl)].

entities_list: @entity3617 :: ('MESH:D001991', 'Disease') :: ['bronchitis']

entities_list: @entity5504 :: ('MESH:D002433', 'Chemical') :: ['cefaclor']

entities_list: @entity1910 :: ('MESH:D005076', 'Disease') :: ['pruritic exanthema']

entities_list: @entity114 :: ('MESH:D010406', 'Chemical') :: ['penicillin']

entities_list: @entity648 :: ('MESH:D001663', 'Chemical') :: ['bilirubin']

entities_list: @entity14086 :: ('MESH:D003874', 'Disease') :: ['dermatitis herpetiformis']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity3127 :: ('MESH:D001996', 'Disease') :: ['bronchopneumonia']

answer: @entity3617 :: (MESH:D001991,Disease) :: ['bronchitis']


abstract: Framingham Risk Scores is an established method to predict an individual's 10-year risk for @entity301 ( @entity301 ). It provides a more precise delineation of risk which might lead to appropriate selection of therapy and opportunities for @entity1 education and motivation. A Healthy Lifestyle Project was initiated to decrease the modifiable risk factors for @entity301 in a worksite in Kuala Lumpur. The @entity1 were Malay @entity1 (n=186) working as security guards in a public university. Their mean age was 46.6 + 6.6 years. The majority had secondary education and were married. The @entity1 ' 10-year risks based on the Framingham Risk Scores were 55.4%, 39.8% and 4.8% respectively for categories of low (< 10%), intermediate (10 to 20%) and high (>20%) risk. Their Framingham Risk Scores were then correlated with anthropometric measurements such as the Body Mass Index (BMI), waist circumference and waist-hip-ratio (WHR). All the anthropometric measurements had weak but significant correlation with the Framingham Risk Scores (WHR: r=0.26; waist circumference: r=0.23; BMI: r=0.16). In conclusion, 44.6% of our @entity1 had more than 10% risk in developing @entity301 in the coming ten years. Hence, they are suitable target candidates for the promotion of a healthy lifestyle such as smoking cessation, weight control, healthy dietary patterns and increased physical activities. Indicators of @entity1144 or waist circumference may be used to complement the Framingham Risk Scores for the prediction of @entity301 risk in this population.

title: Framingham Risk Scores and Anthropometric Measurements in Predicting Cardiovascular Risks among Malay XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1144 :: ('MESH:D056128', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal obesity like WHR']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['CHD', 'coronary heart disease']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Men']


abstract: OBJECT: @entity2916 ( @entity2916 ) can manifest with 3 principal intracranial pathological entities: cortical tubers, subependymal nodules (SENs), and @entity816 ( @entity816 ). The authors analyzed the location and growth of @entity1757 in a large cohort of @entity1 with @entity2916 . METHODS: After institutional review board protocol approval, the authors retrospectively reviewed brain MRI scans of @entity2916 @entity1 for whom at least 1 electronically stored cranial MRI study was available. Collected data included location, size, and growth over time of all @entity1757 . RESULTS: The authors reviewed 560 scans in 103 @entity1 , who harbored 496 @entity1757 . Of the 496 lesions, 157 lesions were located along the caudate-thalamic groove (CTG) in 88 @entity1 . Twenty @entity816 were operated on. The remaining 339 lesions were distributed along the lateral ventricle, always in contact with the course of the caudate nucleus, and were presumed to be SENs. Twenty-two @entity1 with more than 4 years of follow-up had 34 lesions along the CTG, of which 23 were stable in size and 11 grew. All other @entity1757 were stable. Seven-Tesla MRI showed the intimate association of SENs and the caudate nucleus in 1 @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity1757 in @entity2916 @entity1 are located throughout the lateral ventricular wall. Their location exclusively follows the course of the caudate nucleus. Only lesions along the CTG showed the potential to grow, and these were then identified as @entity816 . The remaining lesions were SENs. Understanding why these lesions develop in relation to the caudate nucleus may offer insights into therapy.

title: XXXX in @entity2916 complex: a possible association with the caudate nucleus.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2916 :: ('MESH:D014402', 'Disease') :: ['TSC', 'Tuberous sclerosis complex']

entities_list: @entity816 :: ('MESH:D001254', 'Disease') :: ['subependymal giant cell astrocytomas', 'SEGAs']

entities_list: @entity1757 :: ('MESH:D006345', 'Disease') :: ['Intraventricular lesions', 'intraventricular lesions']

answer: @entity1757 :: (MESH:D006345,Disease) :: ['Intraventricular lesions']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: As @entity1489 incidence increases, research has focused on novel chemopreventive agents that inhibit @entity5 formation. In prior experimentation, @entity6108 , a naturally occurring food substance and anticarcinogenic agent, inhibited @entity957 xenograft growth. We hypothesize @entity6108 will inhibit UVB radiation-induced @entity1489 growth in @entity19 , approximating a @entity1 chemopreventive model. STUDY DESIGN: Randomized experimental animal and laboratory study. SETTING: Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Louisiana. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: SKH-1 @entity19 were pretreated with oral or topical @entity6108 or oral or topical control (n = 11/group) for 14 days. @entity19 received UVB radiation 3 times weekly for 24 weeks or were not radiated. Number of @entity5 formed and time to @entity5 onset for each @entity19 were recorded through @entity5 harvest after week 24. @entity5 multiplicity and time to @entity5 onset were compared. RESULTS: Time to @entity5 onset was significantly shorter in control @entity19 compared to @entity19 receiving either oral (P = .025) or topical (P = .015) @entity6108 . A significant difference in the average number of @entity5 formed per @entity19 was seen, as fewer @entity5 were formed in the oral @entity6108 (P = .01) and topical @entity6108 (P = .01) groups, compared with respective controls. No significant difference in average number of @entity5 per @entity19 was seen between oral and topical @entity6108 (P = .56), suggesting that both routes were equally effective. CONCLUSION: @entity6108 appears to inhibit @entity1489 formation and prolong time to @entity5 onset when administered by either an oral or topical route. These data suggest that @entity6108 may have chemopreventive potential against @entity1489 , necessitating future experimentation with @entity1 subjects.

title: @entity6108 inhibits UV radiation-induced XXXX in SKH-1 @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1489 :: ('MESH:D012878', 'Disease') :: ['skin cancer']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity6108 :: ('MESH:D003474', 'Chemical') :: ['Curcumin', 'curcumin']

answer: @entity1489 :: (MESH:D012878,Disease) :: ['skin cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The increasing incidence and @entity146 (iNETs) pose a clinicopathological challenge. Our goal was to decribe the prognostic value of the new WHO 2010 grading and the AJCC/UICC @entity2802 staging systems for iNETs. Moreover, outcomes of @entity1 treated with @entity1943 analogs were assessed. METHODS: We collected epidemiological and clinicopathological data from 93 @entity1 with histologically proven iNETs including progression and survival outcomes. The WHO 2010 grading and the AJCC/UICC @entity2802 staging systems were applied for all cases. RECIST criteria were used to define progression. Kaplan-Meier analyses for progression free survival (PFS) and @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) were performed. RESULTS: Mean follow-up was 58.6 months (4-213 months). WHO 2010 grading yielded PFS and disease-specific @entity1349 of 125.0 and 165.8 months for grade 1 (G1), 100.0 and 144.2 months for G2 and 15.0 and 15.8 months for G3 @entity5 (p=0.004 and p=0.001). Using AJCC staging, @entity1 with stage I and II @entity5 had no progression and no deaths. Stage III and IV @entity1 demonstrated PFS of 138.4 and 84.7 months (p=0.003) and disease-specific @entity1349 of 210.0 and 112.8 months (p=0.017). AJCC staging also provided informative PFS (91.2 vs. 50.0 months, p=0.004) and @entity1349 (112.3 vs. 80.0 months, p=0.005) measures with @entity1943 analog use in stage IV @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Our findings underscore the complementarity of WHO 2010 and AJCC classifications in providing better estimates of iNETS disease outcomes and extend the evidence for @entity1943 analog benefit in @entity1 with @entity3 .

title: Evaluation of the WHO 2010 grading and AJCC/UICC staging systems in prognostic behavior of intestinal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['heterogeneous behavior of intestinal neuroendocrine tumors']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic disease']

entities_list: @entity1943 :: ('MESH:D013004', 'Chemical') :: ['somatostatin']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['neuroendocrine tumors']


abstract: We recorded regional cerebral blood flow, somatosensory evoked potentials, and auditory evoked potentials in the thalamic relay nuclei (ventral posterior lateral nucleus and medial geniculate body) and in the somatosensory and auditory cortices during and after 1 hour of transient left @entity2500 in nine @entity468 . Regional cerebral blood flow was also measured in the thalamocortical tracts of five of these @entity468 . Additionally, the integrity of thalamocortical connections was tested by retrograde labeling of the thalamic nuclei with horseradish peroxidase in eight @entity468 (three of which experienced no @entity63 ). Regional cerebral blood flow was severely reduced during @entity2500 in the left primary auditory cortex (8.5 ml/100 g/min) and in white matter pathways (6.4-7.6 ml/100 g/min). In contrast, regional cerebral blood flow did not change significantly in the somatosensory cortex or in either thalamic nucleus. Evoked potentials were abolished in both cortices but remained unchanged in the thalamic nuclei. Cortical somatosensory evoked potentials disappeared 5-8 minutes later than auditory evoked potentials. Recirculation after 1 hour of @entity63 resulted in rapid and almost complete recovery (94%) of somatosensory evoked potentials and little recovery (18.4%) of auditory evoked potentials. We conclude that in the auditory pathway both cortical and fiber tract @entity63 are (perhaps synergistically) responsible for dysfunction, while in the somatosensory cortex evoked potentials are abolished due to @entity62 . The delayed disappearance and better recovery of somatosensory than of auditory evoked potentials indicate that ischemic tolerance is higher in fiber tracts than in cortex.

title: Functional impairment due to @entity62 after XXXX in @entity468 .

entities_list: @entity2500 :: ('MESH:D020244', 'Disease') :: ['middle cerebral artery occlusion']

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['white matter ischemia']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

answer: @entity2500 :: (MESH:D020244,Disease) :: ['middle cerebral artery occlusion']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1353 and fatigue are frequent but poorly understood symptoms in @entity370 @entity1 . This study was aimed at assessing the clinical impact of inspiratory @entity121 on @entity1353 and exercise tolerance. This is the first study using nonvolitional tests that are independent of the @entity1 's cooperation and motivation in addition to volitional tests of inspiratory muscle strength in @entity1 with @entity370 . METHODS: Peak maximal @entity551 (Pimaxpeak), maximal inspiratory pressure sustained for 1.0 s (Pimax1.0), @entity910 (TwPmo), lung function test results, blood gas measurements, 6-min walking distance (6MWD), and @entity1353 ( @entity1353 ) scores were assessed in 24 male @entity370 @entity1 and 24 healthy male control subjects matched for age and body mass index. RESULTS: Mean (+/- SD) Pimaxpeak (95.2 +/- 25.3% vs 124.6 +/- 23.4% predicted, respectively; p < 0.001) and Pimax1.0 (85.6 +/- 31.4% vs 125.8 +/- 26.8% predicted, respectively; p < 0.001) were lower in @entity370 @entity1 compared to control subjects. TwPmo tended to be lower in @entity370 @entity1 , and there were three @entity1 who had TwPmo values of < 1.0 kPa, which is a strong indicator of @entity425 . The mean 6MWD was 582 +/- 97 m in @entity370 @entity1 and 638 +/- 65 in control subjects (p = 0.025). The mean @entity1353 score was higher in @entity370 @entity1 (3.3 +/- 1.7 vs 0.2 +/- 0.5, respectively; p < 0.001). Compared to maximal inspiratory pressure, lung function parameters, and blood gas levels, TwPmo was the strongest predictor for 6MWD (r = 0.663; p = 0.003) and @entity1353 score (r = 0.575; p = 0.012) in @entity370 @entity1 following multiple linear regression analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Impairment of inspiratory muscle strength occurs in @entity370 @entity1 , and has been suggested to be an important factor causing @entity1353 and reduced walking capacity, but this is only reliably detectable when using nonvolitional tests of inspiratory muscle strength.

title: Impact of impaired inspiratory muscle strength on XXXX and walking capacity in @entity370 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1353 :: ('MESH:D004417', 'Disease') :: ['Borg dyspnea scale', 'BDS', 'Dyspnea', 'dyspnea']

entities_list: @entity910 :: ('MESH:D004409', 'Disease') :: ['twitch mouth pressure']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['inspiratory muscle weakness']

entities_list: @entity370 :: ('MESH:D012507', 'Disease') :: ['sarcoidosis']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['inspiratory mouth pressure']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['muscle impairment']

answer: @entity1353 :: (MESH:D004417,Disease) :: ['dyspnea']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The use of pancreatic duct stent to improve postoperative outcomes of @entity788 remains a matter of debate, and the value of stenting when performing @entity254 for normal pancreas (soft and duct less than 3 mm) needs further study. The aim of the present meta-analysis was to evaluate the perioperative outcomes of @entity1 with stenting during @entity788 and compare the effect of external stent with that of internal stent indirectly. METHODS: A systematic literature search (EMBASE, MEDLINE, PubMed, The Cochrane Library, and Web of Science) was performed to identify studies evaluating external stent or internal stent. Included literature was assessed and extracted by two independent reviewers. A meta-analysis including comparative studies providing data on @entity1 with and without external stenting or internal stenting during pancreaticojejunostomy @entity254 was performed. RESULTS: Thirteen articles including 1,867 @entity1 were identified for inclusion: five randomized controlled trials study and eight observational clinical studies. Meta-analyses revealed that use of external stent was associated with a significantly decreased risk for @entity3472 in total (odds ratio (OR) 0.47; 95 % confidence interval (CI) 0.31-0.71; P   =   0.0004; I (2)   =   3 %), @entity3472 in normal pancreas(OR 0.5; 95 % CI 0.30-0.82; P   =   0.007; I (2)   =   5 %), and overall morbidity(OR 0.64; 95 % CI 0.45-0.90; P   =   0.01; I (2)   =   0 %); however, the meta-analysis showed that there were no significant differences between internal stenting and non-stenting groups as regards perioperative outcomes and that in fact it may increase @entity3472 rate in normal pancreas(OR 1.97; 95 % CI 1.05-3.69; P   =   0.03; I (2)   =   0 %). CONCLUSIONS: The results of this analysis demonstrate a trend toward reduced @entity3472 with the use of external pancreatic stents in pancreaticojejunostomy. An internal stent does not impact development of @entity292 and that in fact it was not useful in a soft pancreas. Our conclusion may be limited to stenting during the duct-to-mucosa pancreaticojejunostomy @entity254 , and the value of stenting during invagination @entity254 needs further study.

title: The impact of internal or external transanastomotic XXXX following pancreaticojejunostomy. Which one is better? A meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity3472 :: ('MESH:D010185', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic fistula']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatic duct stents']


abstract: Some properties of @entity11889 bacteriocins were determined. For this purpose two strains (115 and 137) which after @entity1138 induction produced bacteriocins in high titer were chosen. The influence of several physical and chemical factors such as: heating and storage at various temperatures, a freezing and thawing, an influence of buffered fluid of different pH, and digestion by trypsin, papain and lysozyme were investigated. Range of @entity5618 activity against various microorganisms and the ability to diffuse in agar were also determined. It was found on the basis of the results obtained that two bacteriocins showed different features. @entity5618 "115" was thermostable, sensitive to proteolytic enzymes, able to diffuse in 1.5% agar. @entity5618 designated "137" was thermolabile, intensive to proteolytic digestion, and incapable to diffuse in 1.5% agar. Activity of both bacteriocins was reduced after freezing and thawing. They were both insensitive to lysozyme digestion. Storage at room temperature reduced their activity faster than storage at the temperature of refrigerator. Their activity was completely stopped at pH 3.03, and significantly at pH 5.08 while environment of pH ranged from 7.08 to 11.0 did not influence their activity. Both bacteriocins showed narrow range of activity limited to the growth inhibition of sensitive strains belonging to @entity11889 genus.

title: [Properties of bacteriocins of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1138 :: ('MESH:D016685', 'Chemical') :: ['mitomycin C']

entities_list: @entity5618 :: ('CHEBI:48081', 'Chemical') :: ['bacteriocin', 'Bacteriocin']

entities_list: @entity11889 :: ('582', 'Species') :: ['Morganella morganii']

answer: @entity11889 :: (582,Species) :: ['Morganella morganii']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To explore the functions of the frontal lobe that are associated with high order cognitive and behavioral aspects such as the organization and execution of thoughts and behavior by neuropsychological methods is difficult. These so called executive functions are in close connection with the prefrontal thalamocortical circuits, damage of which can cause @entity73 and even changes in personality. METHODS: The aim of this study is to present a neuropsychological battery for testing frontal lobe functions. 31 @entity1 (with @entity75 ) and 38 healthy control subjects participated in the study. The control subjects were matched to the @entity1 group in age, gender and education. RESULTS: Comparing to the controls the @entity1 group showed significant deficits in most of the measured executive functions, except two tests which show that the short time selective attention is preserved. We divided the @entity1 group into three subgroups (frontal @entity302 only FLE, frontal lesion only FL, frontal lesion and @entity302 FLE+FL) and we found that except working @entity2414 and problems in inhibition, there were no difference between the FLE @entity1 and the control group. We found most frequently perseveration and errors in a strategy making task among the FL (mainly medial) @entity1 . We didn't find any difference in these tests according to the lateralization of the lesion. CONCLUSION: In conclusion we found that working @entity2414 and problems in inhibition differentiated the frontal @entity1 group from the controls in all cases. We emphasize that in frontal @entity302 (with no reported @entity75 ) there are the same type, however more limited neuropsychological alterations as in @entity75 .

title: [Executive dysfunction in frontal lesions and frontal XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['frontal epilepsy and/or frontal lesion', 'MR lesion', 'lesional frontal dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['deficits in cognitive functions']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['memory deficits']

answer: @entity302 :: (MESH:D004827,Disease) :: ['epilepsy']


abstract: Two hundred and ten @entity1 with @entity30 ( @entity30 ) were identified in an epidemiological survey of @entity29 in the Leiden Health Care Region of the Netherlands. The survey included all @entity1 with @entity30 seen between 1979-1983. The duration of disease ranged from less than one year to 48 years. Of the 210 @entity1 with @entity30 , 118 (56%) underwent surgical resection. Sixty one had an ileocaecal resection, 14 a proctocolectomy, in seven cases as a two stage procedure; 12 a segmental colectomy with end-to-end @entity254 and eight a subtotal colectomy with ileostomy. Twenty-one of these 118 @entity1 (18%) had recurrences requiring reoperation; in 11 because of recurrence at the anastomotic site. Life table analysis showed that after 10 years 17% of @entity1 required further resection for recurrence and 8% for relapse. By 20 years the rate of recurrence had risen to 56%. @entity1 over the age of 30 at first resection were at 1.5 fold greater risk of requiring further surgery than younger @entity1 . The initial site of disease played no role in recurrence and there was no evidence that @entity66 duration, delay in diagnosis, or late surgery had any effect on recurrence rates. This is one of the few community based studies to measure recurrence and relapse. A balanced appraisal is that surgery is not permanently curative, but the need for further resection may be lower than previously suggested.

title: XXXX : risk of recurrence and reoperation in a defined population.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['preoperative disease']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel disease']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ['CD', "Crohn's disease"]

answer: @entity30 :: (MESH:D003424,Disease) :: ['Crohn's disease']


abstract: The present study was undertaken to characterize the positive inotropic action of colforsin daropate [corrected] @entity5209 ( @entity41344 ), a novel water-soluble @entity1928 derivative, on isolated cardiomyocytes of adult @entity35 . Simultaneous measurements of cellular contraction and intracellular @entity460 concentration ([ @entity141 ]i) were carried out. The effects of @entity3044 and @entity7832 on these parameters were also determined for comparison. The contraction and maximum [ @entity141 ]i of @entity41344 -, @entity3044 -, or @entity7832 -treated cells were increased concentration dependently. Peak shortening of @entity41344 -treated cells was positively correlated with the shortening velocity and inversely with the time to peak shortening. Maximum, but not minimum, [ @entity141 ]i in @entity41344 -treated cells was correlated with the rate of increase in [ @entity141 ]i and inversely with the time to maximum [ @entity141 ]i. Similar results were obtained with @entity3044 . In contrast, @entity7832 increased both maximum and minimum [ @entity141 ]i. Treatment with either @entity41344 or @entity3044 increased cellular @entity268 content, but treatment with @entity7832 did not. These results suggest that the positive inotropic action of @entity41344 is associated with an increase in [ @entity141 ]i and acceleration of its kinetics.

title: Characterization of positive inotropic effect of colforsin daropate [correction of dapropate] XXXX , a water-soluble @entity1928 derivative, in isolated adult @entity35 cardiomyocytes.

entities_list: @entity3044 :: ('MESH:D007545', 'Chemical') :: ['isoprenaline']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity5209 :: ('CHEBI:36807', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrochloride']

entities_list: @entity1928 :: ('MESH:D005576', 'Chemical') :: ['forskolin']

answer: @entity5209 :: (CHEBI:36807,Chemical) :: ['hydrochloride']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity323 after three-dimensional conformal external-beam radiotherapy (3DCRT) for @entity263 is reported in as many as 64% of those @entity1 . The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of the oral drug @entity9498 (Cialis) in @entity1 with @entity323 after radiotherapy for @entity263 . METHODS AND MATERIALS: @entity1 (N=358) who completed radiotherapy at least 12 months before the study were approached by mail. All @entity1 had been treated by 3DCRT; 60 @entity1 were included and entered a double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study lasting 12 weeks. They received 20 mg of @entity9498 or placebo for 6 weeks. Drug or placebo was taken on demand at @entity1 's discretion, with no restrictions regarding the consumption of @entity167 or food, at least once a week and no more than once daily. At 6 weeks @entity1 crossed over to the alternative treatment. Data were collected using the Sexual Encounter Profile (SEP) and the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) questionnaires. Side effects were also recorded. RESULTS: Mean age at study entry was 69 years. All @entity1 completed the study. For almost all questions of the IIEF questionnaire there was a significant increase in mean scores from baseline with @entity9498 , but not with placebo. Sixty-seven percent of the @entity1 reported an improvement of erectile function with @entity9498 (placebo: 20%), and 48% reported successful intercourse with @entity9498 (placebo: 9%) (p<0.0001). Side effects were mild or moderate. CONCLUSIONS: @entity9498 is an effective treatment for @entity323 after 3DCRT for @entity263 with successful intercourse reported in almost 50% of the @entity1 , and it is well tolerated.

title: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study to assess the efficacy of XXXX (Cialis) in the treatment of @entity323 following three-dimensional conformal external-beam radiotherapy for @entity263 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity323 :: ('MESH:D007172', 'Disease') :: ['erectile dysfunction', 'Erectile dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostatic carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity9498 :: ('MESH:C429886', 'Chemical') :: ['tadalafil', 'Tadalafil']

answer: @entity9498 :: (MESH:C429886,Chemical) :: ['tadalafil']


abstract: AIM: Glucagon is recommended to treat severe @entity4053 in nonhospital environments, when a @entity1 with @entity6 ( @entity6 ) is unconscious and unable to eat or drink. However, the actual possession rate of glucagon in Japan has not been investigated. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We recruited 208 @entity6 @entity1 older than 15 years of age. The @entity1 were treated at 16 hospitals and clinics in different regions of Japan. Answers were obtained using a self-administered questionnaire about the possession, the experience of usage, and the preference to possess glucagon after reading what is glucagon and when it is used. A stepwise logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the influence of various factors on the possession of glucagon. RESULTS: The possession rate of glucagon was 15.9%, and the rate of those who had experience of using glucagon to treat severe @entity4053 was 6.0%. The rate of preference to possess glucagon at home after reading the description of glucagon was 39.0%. The possession of glucagon was significantly associated with results of the Glucagon Knowledge Test (odds ratio=24.1; 95% confidence interval, 3.2-183.3; P=0.002) and the history of severe @entity4053 within 1 year (odds ratio=4.8; 95% confidence interval, 2.0-12.0; P=0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Glucagon as a measure to treat severe @entity4053 was underutilized among @entity6 @entity1 in Japan.

title: Glucagon underutilized among XXXX @entity1 in Japan.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['type 1 diabetes mellitus', 'T1DM']

entities_list: @entity4053 :: ('MESH:D007003', 'Disease') :: ['hypoglycemia']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['type 1 diabetes mellitus']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The prognosis of early stage @entity1352 is not well-defined since long-term follow-up is lacking in most studies. The optimal use of surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy needs to be clarified for this group. METHODS: From 1994 to 2012, 63 @entity1 were treated for localized @entity1352 with T1 (<5   cm) @entity5 . There were 27 males and 36 females. Mean follow-up was 85 months (range 13-210). RESULTS: At 10 years, local recurrence-free survival was 82% (95% confidence interval [CI] 67-97%), and distant recurrence-free survival was 95% (95%CI 89-100%). Two @entity1 developed @entity3 after 10 years. Local recurrence was associated with lack of re-excision and treatment by non-oncologic surgeons. Microscopic @entity41 was found in 43% of re-excised specimens. @entity3 was associated with local recurrence, @entity5 size >= 3   cm, and treatment by non-oncologic surgeons. Radiation and chemotherapy treatment did not have a significant effect in this @entity1 cohort. CONCLUSIONS: Early stage @entity1352 with T1 @entity5 have a relatively favorable prognosis but the potential for late relapse, and long-term follow-up beyond 10 years is recommended. Re-excision of the @entity5 bed and definitive treatment by trained oncologic surgeons may decrease the risk of local recurrence and @entity3 . J. Surg. Oncol. 2016;114:490-494.    2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Prognosis of T1 XXXX depends upon surgery by oncologic surgeons.

entities_list: @entity41 :: ('MESH:D018365', 'Disease') :: ['residual tumor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1352 :: ('MESH:D013584', 'Disease') :: ['synovial sarcomas', 'synovial sarcoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'Metastasis', 'metastases']

answer: @entity1352 :: (MESH:D013584,Disease) :: ['synovial sarcoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To review outcomes for @entity1 who received intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) for @entity242 . METHODS: We identified @entity1 with @entity5 who were treated with external beam radiotherapy, surgery, and IORT, with or without chemotherapy. Kaplan-Meier estimates for @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ), central control (CC), local control (LC), and distant control (DC) were obtained. RESULTS: Sixty-one @entity1 were identified. Median age was 50 years (range, 13 to 95 y). Median follow-up was 5.9 years. Eleven @entity1 had gross (R2; n=1) or microscopic (R1; n=10) disease at the time of IORT. IORT doses ranged from 7.50 to 20.00 Gy. External beam radiotherapy doses ranged from 19.80 to 54.00 Gy. @entity1349 at 5 and 10 years was 72% and 58%, respectively. LC at 5 and 10 years was 91% and 88%, respectively. DC at 5 and 10 years was 80% and 77%, respectively. @entity1 treated for @entity66 had inferior 5-year @entity1349 compared with @entity1 with first diagnoses (63% vs. 74%; P=0.02) and lower 5-year LC (67% vs. 94%; P<0.01). For @entity1 with R1 or R2 resections, LC at 5 and 10 years was 100% and 86%, respectively; for @entity1 with R0 resections, LC was 89% at both 5 and 10 years (P=0.98). Severe @entity137 attributable to treatment was noted for 4 @entity1 (7%). CONCLUSIONS: For @entity242 , treatment including IORT was associated with excellent LC, limb preservation, and survival. LC rates were excellent for @entity1 with positive margins after resection. @entity1 with @entity66 had worse outcomes, but limb preservation was achievable for most @entity1 .

title: Use of intraoperative radiotherapy for XXXX : analysis of disease outcomes and @entity137 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['recurrent disease']

entities_list: @entity242 :: ('MESH:D012509', 'Disease') :: ['upper-extremity sarcoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['upper-extremity tumors']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity242 :: (MESH:D012509,Disease) :: ['upper-extremity soft-tissue sarcomas']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between @entity344 and myocardial oxygenation during isovolemic hemodilution in @entity235 with critical @entity3979 . DESIGN: Prospective sequential evaluation of ileal intramucosal pH and regional myocardial function of a critically perfused area of myocardial tissue in a @entity235 model of normovolemic hemodilution. SETTING: A research laboratory. SUBJECTS: Fifteen @entity235 . INTERVENTIONS: A micrometer snare was placed around a main coronary artery (8 left anterior descending artery, 7 right coronary artery). Three pairs of sonomicrometer crystals were placed in the heart to measure regional myocardial contraction. A gastrointestinal tonometer was placed in the ileum and used to measure luminal PCO2. This PCO2 value was used to calculate the ileal intramucosal pH. The animals underwent normovolemic hemodilution until @entity741 occurred in the region supplied by the snared vessel. Measurements were continued for a further 40 minutes. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Following instrumentation, stabilization, and critical constriction of a coronary vessel, percentage changes in systolic shortening of myocardial tissue in the region of critical perfusion were determined every 20 minutes. Ileal intramucosal pH and commonly measured cardiovascular variables were determined at the same time points. @entity741 occurred after 80 minutes of hemodilution, when the mean (+/- SD) hemoglobin concentration had fallen from a baseline level of 123 +/- 18 g/L to 82 +/- 14 g/L (P < .01). From the start of hemodilution to 40 minutes after @entity741 occurred, there were no significant changes in heart rate, cardiac output, @entity26 consumption, arterial acid-base balance, or arterial PCO2. @entity26 delivery decreased by approximately 45% (5.99 +/- 1.66 to 3.41 +/- 0.90 mL/kg per minute; P < .01) but there were no changes in ileal intramucosal pH (7.31 +/- 0.08 to 7.30 +/- 0.08; P = .90). CONCLUSIONS: Myocardium compromised by @entity3979 is more sensitive to normovolemic hemodilution-induced @entity63 than the normally perfused gut mucosa. This limits the potential utilization of the measurement of @entity344 as a guide to tolerable levels of @entity417 in @entity3124 @entity1 .

title: Measurement of XXXX is a poor guide to tolerable levels of @entity417 during isovolemic hemodilution in a @entity235 model of @entity3979 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen', 'Oxygen']

entities_list: @entity3124 :: ('MESH:D016638', 'Disease') :: ['critically ill']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal intramucosal pH']

entities_list: @entity3979 :: ('MESH:D023921', 'Disease') :: ['coronary stenosis', 'coronary artery stenoses']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['Myocardial ischemia', 'myocardial ischemia']

answer: @entity344 :: (MESH:D005767,Disease) :: ['gastrointestinal intramucosal pH']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the evidence for value of using epidemiological treatment and of using tests of cure in the management of @entity2954 . METHODS: Medline was used to search the literature for well-conducted studies that had a bearing on the evaluation of these issues. CONCLUSIONS: Epidemiological treatment is treatment given to named contacts of @entity1 after a history of exposure to disease but without or in advance of confirmatory pathological findings. It may be given when the clinician considers that the risk to the @entity1 of unnecessary treatment is outweighed by the risk of complications of the @entity281 or the probability of transmission of the @entity281 to other contacts. It may be appropriate where detection by microscopy is relatively unreliable such as when @entity281 of the cervix, rectum, or pharynx is suspected. If epidemiological treatment is given, then it does not obviate the need for confirmatory tests to be sent, tests of cure to be done, or for contact tracing. At least one test of cure is mandatory following treatment of gonorrhoea. The test of cure in @entity1 should include a blind rectal swab. For @entity281 of the pharynx and rectum the chances of a false negative test of cure are higher and, therefore, more than one test of cure is required. An additional test of cure is also necessary in @entity1 with @entity9414 or disseminated @entity2954 . This paper is a discussion of two interrelated issues in the management of gonorrhoea. It is based on two presentations by the author at a workshop organised by Dr @entity7133 Fitzgerald entitled Development of audit measures and guidelines for good practice in the management of gonorrhoea and held at the Royal College of Physicians, London, in May 1995. The conclusions reached are based on the consensus view of the @entity1 . For simplicity the two issues are dealt with consecutively.

title: Epidemiological treatment and tests of cure in XXXX : evidence for value.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2954 :: ('MESH:D006069', 'Disease') :: ['gonococcal infections', 'gonococcal infection']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity9414 :: ('MESH:D012488', 'Disease') :: ['salpingitis']

answer: @entity2954 :: (MESH:D006069,Disease) :: ['gonococcal infection']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Spinal accessory nerve (SAN) injuries cause considerable shoulder @entity2720 and @entity158 , but are often underdiagnosed or diagnosed late. The aim of this study was to present the clinical and electrophysiological features and response to conservative treatment of the @entity1 with late-diagnosed @entity9286 . DESIGN: Nine @entity1 diagnosed with @entity9286 based on clinical and electrophysiological examinations were evaluated. All @entity1 were treated with a standard physical therapy and rehabilitation program and then received home exercise program. Shoulder @entity158 during rest and activity and @entity158 causing @entity25 were evaluated using a visual analog scale. Constant scale investigated shoulder function. Shoulder disability questionnaire evaluated daily living activities. Results were assessed before treatment, after one month of treatment, and years after treatment. RESULTS: According to the electrophysiological studies, seven @entity1 had partial and two @entity1 had total axonal SAN injuries. The delay from the time of injury to diagnosis ranged between 12 and 84 mo (median 14 mo). When compared with the baseline values, visual analog scale, Constant scale, and shoulder disability questionnaire scores were significantly improved in all of the @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: For @entity1 with late-diagnosed @entity9286 , conservative treatment seems to be an effective treatment option.

title: Conservative treatment for late-diagnosed spinal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity9286 :: ('MESH:D061227', 'Disease') :: ['SAN injury']

entities_list: @entity2720 :: ('MESH:D007592', 'Disease') :: ['joint dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['sleep disturbances']

answer: @entity9286 :: (MESH:D061227,Disease) :: ['accessory nerve injury']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: New training models are needed to maintain safety and quality of surgical performance. A simulated setting using virtual reality, synthetic, and/or organic models should precede traditional supervised training in the operating room. AIM: The aim of the paper is to describe the @entity1957 ( @entity1957 ) programme and to provide information about preliminary evaluation of Grade I Level 1 courses, including overall quality, applicability of the course content in practice and the balance between theory and hands-on training modules, by participating trainees. MATERIAL AND METHODS: During 5 accredited @entity1957 Grade I Level 1 courses held in Eindhoven (the Netherlands), Kosice (Slovak Republic), and Lisbon (Portugal) between April 2011 and January 2012, demographic data and pre-course surgical experience in laparoscopic surgery of the @entity1 were recorded. The final course evaluation form was completed by each @entity1 after the course (anonymous) to evaluate course progress, course materials, assessment, staff, location and overall impression of the course on a 1-10 scale to obtain feedback information. RESULTS: Forty-seven surgeons of 5 different nationalities were enrolled in an @entity1957 Grade I Level 1 programme. Most @entity1 were first or second year residents (n = 25), but also already established surgeons took part (n = 6). The mean age of the @entity1 was 31.2 years (SD = 2.86), the male/female ratio was 32/15, and previous experience with laparoscopic surgery was limited. Overall impression of the course was rated with 8.7 points (SD = 0.78). The applicability of the course content in practice and the balance between theory and hands-on training were also rated very well - mean 8.8 (SD = 1.01) and 8.1 points (SD = 0.80) respectively. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1957 Grade I Level 1 courses are evaluated as well balanced, with content applicable in clinical practice, meeting the expectations of individual @entity1 . International interest in the programme suggests that @entity1957 might become the future European standard in surgical education in laparoscopic surgery. Further conclusions concerning success of the programme may be drawn after the completion of clinical assessment of enrolled @entity1 .

title: XXXX programme: preliminary evaluation of Grade I Level 1 courses by trainees.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'participant']

entities_list: @entity1957 :: ('MESH:D019957', 'Disease') :: ['LSS', 'Laparoscopic Surgical Skills']

answer: @entity1957 :: (MESH:D019957,Disease) :: ['Laparoscopic Surgical Skills']


abstract: In the present study, we investigated the mechanisms underlying the differential effects of endothelins (ETs) in the @entity35 @entity825 . @entity12134 (SRTX-c) and ET-3 were more potent spasmogens to @entity35 tracheal strips than ET-1. The EC50 values were 12, 14.1 and 89.1 nM, respectively. Tension responses to @entity20929 , but not to SRTX-c, were enhanced by either @entity3352 or the ET(A) blocker, @entity12738 (1 microM). In epithelium-intact tracheal rings, both @entity20929 activated adenylate cyclase (AC) in a concentration-dependent manner. The activation by ET-1 of AC was significantly higher than that of ET-3. Thus, EC50 values for @entity20929 were 71 and 200 nM, and maximal @entity268 increments were 196% and 62% above baseline, respectively. SRTX-c, up to 1 microM, did not alter basal @entity268 level. Mechanical removal of the epithelium neither had an effect on AC activation by ET-1 or ET-3, nor did it alter the inability of SRTX-c to modulate AC activity. Conversely, pre-incubation of tracheal strips with @entity3352 (1 microM) virtually ablated the increments in @entity268 by the ETs. Likewise, @entity12738 attenuated AC activation, concentration-dependently (IC50=28.2 nM). Taken together, the present study suggests that ET(A) receptors, from non-epithelial source, are functionally-linked to AC activation via a prostanoid-dependent pathway. This ET(A)-initiated cascade acts to negatively regulate muscle contraction. Such a cross-talk between ET signals most likely accounts for variation of tension responses to ET homologs.

title: Non-epithelial endothelin-A receptors activate adenylate cyclase in @entity35 XXXX : biochemical mechanisms and physiological implications.

entities_list: @entity12134 :: ('MESH:C057354', 'Chemical') :: ['Sarafotoxin-S6c']

entities_list: @entity3352 :: ('MESH:D007213', 'Chemical') :: ['indomethacin']

answer: @entity825 :: (MESH:D055090,Disease) :: ['trachea']


abstract: The Notch pathway plays a crucial role in cell fate decisions through controlling various cellular processes. Overactive Notch signal contributes to @entity5 development from @entity5 . y-Secretase is an intramembrane protease responsible for the final proteolytic step of Notch that releases the membrane-tethered Notch fragment for signaling. Therefore, y-secretase is an attractive drug target in treating Notch-mediated @entity5 . However, the absence of high throughput y-secretase assay using Notch substrate has limited the identification and development of y- secretase inhibitors that specifically target the Notch signaling pathway. Here, we report on the development of a 1536- well y-secretase assay using a biotinylated recombinant @entity125 substrate. We effectively assimilated and miniaturized this newly developed @entity125 substrate with the AlphaLISA detection technology and demonstrated its robustness with a calculated Z' score of 0.66. We further validated this optimized assay by performing a pilot screening against a chemical library consisting of ~5,600 chemicals and identified known y-secretase inhibitors e.g. DAPT, and Calpeptin; as well as a novel y-secretase inhibitor referred to as KD-I-085. This assay is the first reported 1536-well AlphaLISA format and represents a novel high throughput @entity125 -y-secretase assay, which provides an unprecedented opportunity to discover Notch-selective y-secretase inhibitors that can be potentially used for the treatment of @entity5 and other @entity1 disorders.

title: A novel high throughput 1536-well XXXX y -secretase AlphaLISA assay.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['leukemias to solid tumors', 'cancers', 'cancer']

answer: @entity125 :: (4851,Gene) :: ['Notch1']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We sought to develop a B-cell in vitro culture system and test B cells isolated from sensitized kidney recipients and healthy controls, and assess the effectiveness of proteasome inhibitors and @entity3442 on antibody secretion and cell apoptosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity1075 (+) B cells and @entity1075 (+) @entity2731 (+) memory B-cell subsets were detected from peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained from 6 @entity1531 -sensitized kidney recipients and 6 healthy controls. Peripheral blood B cells were isolated and cultured with @entity25696 , @entity4515 , @entity1531 antigen, @entity8410 , @entity11603 ( @entity11603 ), @entity1 recombinant @entity1199 (rhuIL-2), rhuIL-10, rhuIL-4, and rhuIL-21. After culturing for 7 days, we tested several variables of B-cell activity including differentiation, apoptosis, and IgM production. We also assessed the effects of 2 immunosuppressive drugs ( @entity3442 and @entity1749 ) on antibody secretion and cellular apoptosis. RESULTS: Kidney recipients had a lower ratio of @entity1075 + B cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells than did healthy controls. However, the percentage of @entity1075 (+) @entity2731 (+) B cells was higher in kidney recipients than in healthy controls. In the cell stimulation culture system, the ratio of @entity1075 (+) B cells, @entity1075 (+) @entity2731 (+) B cells, and @entity1075 (+)CD138(+) B cells increased after culturing for 7 days compared with unstimulated controls. In addition, the percentage of apoptotic B cells decreased, and antibody production increased in sensitized transplant @entity1 and healthy controls. Treatment with @entity1749 or @entity3442 induced B-cell apoptosis and inhibited secretion of antibodies. CONCLUSIONS: This study describes establishment of a B-cell in vitro culture system, showing that B cells may be stimulated to secrete antibodies. The study also provides an assay for studying B cells in vitro. This study provides information suggesting that @entity1749 and @entity3442 can inhibit B-cell antibody secretion.

title: Effect of XXXX and @entity1749 on purified @entity1 B cells: an in vitro study of long-term functionally stable @entity1531 -sensitized renal recipients.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3442 :: ('MESH:D009173', 'Chemical') :: ['mycophenolic acid']

entities_list: @entity8410 :: ('10673', 'Gene') :: ['B-cell activating factor']

entities_list: @entity1749 :: ('MESH:C400082', 'Chemical') :: ['bortezomib']

answer: @entity3442 :: (MESH:D009173,Chemical) :: ['mycophenolic acid']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: @entity7160 remains a controversial indication for liver transplantation, mainly because of ethical considerations related to the shortage of donor livers. The aim of this study was to review experience to date, focusing on survival rates and complications, and the effect of @entity167 relapse on outcome and alterations in marital and socioprofessional status. METHODS: The results for 53 @entity1 transplanted for @entity7160 between 1989 and 1994 were compared with those for 48 @entity1 transplanted for @entity5881 . The following variables were analysed: survival, rejection, @entity281 , @entity5 , retransplantation, employment and marital status, alcoholic recurrence. The same variables were compared between @entity167 relapsers and non-relapsers. RESULTS: Recovery of employment was the only significantly different variable between alcoholic (30%) and non-alcoholic @entity1 (60%). Two factors influenced survival in the absence of @entity167 recidivism: age and abstinence before transplantation. For all other variables, there were no differences between alcoholic and non-alcoholic @entity1 , and, within the alcoholic group, between relapsers and non-relapsers. The recidivism rate was 32%. CONCLUSION: The data indicate that liver transplantation is justified for @entity7160 , even in cases of recidivism, which did no affect survival and compliance with the immunosuppressive regimen. These good results should help in educating the general population about @entity988 .

title: XXXX is a good indication for liver transplantation, even for cases of recidivism.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5881 :: ('MESH:D008108', 'Disease') :: ['non-alcoholic liver disease']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity988 :: ('MESH:D000437', 'Disease') :: ['alcoholic disease']

entities_list: @entity7160 :: ('MESH:D008104', 'Disease') :: ['Alcoholic cirrhosis', 'alcoholic cirrhosis']

answer: @entity7160 :: (MESH:D008104,Disease) :: ['Alcoholic cirrhosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between estimated GFR (eGFR) and all-cause mortality, including the contribution of temporal eGFR changes, in well-characterised community-based @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 . DESIGN: Longitudinal observational study. METHODS: @entity1 from the Fremantle @entity6 Study Phase 1 were assessed between 1993 and 1996 and followed until end-December 2012. Cox proportional hazards modelling was used to assess the relationship between baseline eGFR category (Stage 1-5) and all-cause @entity204 , and between eGFR trajectories assigned by semiparametric group-based modelling (GBM) and all-cause @entity204 in @entity1 with five post-baseline annual eGFR measurements. RESULTS: In the full cohort (1296 @entity1 ; mean  s.d. age 64.1  11.3years, 48.6% males), 738 (56.9%) died during 12.9  6.1years of follow-up. There was a U-shaped relationship between all-cause @entity204 and eGFR category. With Stage 3 (45-59mL/min/1.73m(2)) as reference, the strongest association was for eGFR >= 90mL/min/1.73m(2) (hazard ratio (95% CI) 2.01 (1.52-2.66); P<0.001). GBM identified four linear trajectories ('low', 'medium', 'high', 'high/declining') in 532 @entity1 with serial eGFR measurements. With medium trajectory as reference, eGFR trajectory displaced baseline eGFR category as an independent predictor of @entity204 , with low and high/declining trajectories associated with more than double the risk (2.03 (1.30-3.18) and 2.24 (1.31-3.83) respectively, P<= 0.003) and associated median reductions in survival of 6.5 and 8.7years respectively. CONCLUSION: There is a nonlinear relationship between eGFR and @entity204 in @entity164 2 @entity6 , which is at least partially explained by a sub-group of @entity1 with an initially high but then rapidly declining eGFR.

title: The relationship between estimated glomerular filtration rate trajectory and all-cause mortality in XXXX 2 @entity6 : the Fremantle @entity6 Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetes', 'diabetes']

answer: @entity164 :: (MESH:D017827,Disease) :: ['type']


abstract: The concentration of @entity1285 , a negative regulator of @entity844 oxidation, diminishes acutely in contracting skeletal muscle. To determine how this occurs, the activity and properties of @entity6625 carboxylase beta (ACC-beta), the skeletal muscle isozyme that catalyzes @entity1285 formation, were examined in @entity35 gastrocnemius-soleus muscles at rest and during contractions induced by electrical stimulation of the sciatic nerve. To avoid the problem of contamination of the muscle extract by mitochondrial carboxylases, an assay was developed in which ACC-beta was first purified by immunoprecipitation with a monoclonal antibody. ACC-beta was quantitatively recovered in the immunopellet and exhibited a high sensitivity to @entity1792 (12-fold activation) and a Km for @entity6625 (120 microM) similar to that reported for ACC-beta purified by other means. After 5 min of contraction, ACC-beta activity was decreased by 90% despite an apparent increase in the cytosolic concentration of @entity1792 , a positive regulator of ACC. @entity214 - @entity2975 gel electrophoresis of both homogenates and immunopellets from these muscles showed a decrease in the electrophoretic mobility of ACC, suggesting that phosphorylation could account for the decrease in ACC activity. In keeping with this notion, @entity1792 activation of ACC purified from contracting muscle was markedly depressed. In addition, homogenization of the muscles in a buffer free of phosphatase inhibitors and containing the phosphatase activators @entity2227 and @entity8723 or treatment of immunoprecipitated ACC-beta with purified protein phosphatase 2A abolished the decreases in both ACC-beta activity and electrophoretic mobility caused by contraction. The rapid decrease in ACC-beta activity after the onset of contractions (50% by 20 s) and its slow restoration to initial values during recovery (60-90 min) were paralleled temporally by reciprocal changes in the activity of the alpha2 but not the alpha1 isoform of 5'- @entity860 -activated protein kinase (AMPK). In conclusion, the results suggest that the decrease in ACC activity during muscle contraction is caused by an increase in its phosphorylation, most probably due, at least in part, to activation of the alpha2 isoform of AMPK. They also suggest a dual mechanism for ACC regulation in muscle in which inhibition by phosphorylation takes precedence over activation by @entity1792 . These alterations in ACC and AMPK activity, by diminishing the concentration of @entity1285 , could be responsible for the increase in @entity844 oxidation observed in skeletal muscle during exercise.

title: Contraction-induced changes in @entity6625 carboxylase and 5'- XXXX -activated kinase in skeletal muscle.

entities_list: @entity844 :: ('CHEBI:35366', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity2227 :: ('CHEBI:29987', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamate']

entities_list: @entity1285 :: ('MESH:D008316', 'Chemical') :: ['malonyl-CoA']

entities_list: @entity2975 :: ('CHEBI:51135', 'Chemical') :: ['polyacrylamide']

entities_list: @entity6625 :: ('MESH:D000105', 'Chemical') :: ['acetyl-CoA']

answer: @entity860 :: (MESH:D000249,Chemical) :: ['AMP']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To implement an @entity170 screening and referral program in community pharmacies and evaluate the use of the @entity170 Self-Assessment Tool for Asians (OSTA) as the screening instrument. DESIGN: Uncontrolled study. SETTING: Three community pharmacies in Bangkok, Thailand. @entity1 : 51 @entity1 aged 50 years or older without prior diagnosis of @entity170 ; three community pharmacists; six hospital-based physicians. INTERVENTION: OSTA assessment by community pharmacists of the risks of @entity170 in @entity1 ; counseling of @entity1 about diet and exercise; referral of @entity1 at high risk (OSTA index value less than -4) to hospitals where pharmacists had made arrangements in advance; and assessment of satisfaction and opinions of participating @entity1 and physicians. RESULTS: Of the 51 @entity1 , 32 (62.7%) were categorized as low risk (OSTA index value > -1) and 19 (37.3%) as intermediate risk (OSTA index value range, -4 to -1). The majority of @entity1 (97%) were satisfied with the program and the knowledge gained. Even though no high-risk @entity1 were identified and referred for medical care, all six participating physicians agreed with having risk assessment service in community pharmacies and the prearranged referral system, and five of six physicians believed that OSTA results were valuable in the management of @entity170 . CONCLUSION: Community pharmacy-based @entity170 risk assessment services using OSTA were well accepted by the @entity1 and participating physicians. Public health benefits may result from the provision of @entity170 risk screening services in community pharmacies in Thailand and other Asian countries.

title: Community pharmacy-based implementation and evaluation of an XXXX self-assessment tool for Asians.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['Osteoporosis', 'osteoporosis']

answer: @entity170 :: (MESH:D010024,Disease) :: ['osteoporosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We assessed the efficacy and @entity137 of once-weekly topotecan (Hycamtin; GlaxoSmithKline) for relapsed or persistent @entity43 ( @entity43 ) and @entity298 ( @entity298 ). METHODS: @entity1 with recurrent or persistent @entity43 and @entity298 previously treated with > or = 1 course of @entity902 -based chemotherapy were treated with weekly topotecan 4.0 mg/m2 on days 1, 8, and 15 of a 28-day cycle in this prospective open-label, single-arm, phase II study. RESULTS: The median age of the 63 study @entity1 was 63 years (range, 36-88); @entity1 had been previously exposed to a median of 1 course (range, 1-4) of chemotherapy. A median of 5 courses (range, 1-16) were administered. Median follow-up time was 13. 2 month s (range, 1.5-39.0). The overall response rate (RR) was 23.8%, of which 17.5% (11 @entity1 ) represented a complete response and 6.3% (4 @entity1 ) a partial response. @entity1 with @entity902 -sensitive disease had a RR of 20%, whereas @entity1 with @entity902 -resistant disease had a RR of 28.6%. Median time to progression was 6.2 months (95% confidence interval: 4.43, 7.97), and median survival from initiation of topotecan therapy was 22.3 months (95% confidence interval: 14.56, 30.04). Hematologic @entity137 included grade 3 @entity417 in 3 (4.8%) @entity1 , grade 3 @entity882 in 3 (4.8%) @entity1 , and grades 3-4 @entity1398 in 5 (7.9%) @entity1 . Dose reductions, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, and erythropoietin support were required by 10 (15.9%), 6 (9.5%), and 16 (25.4%) @entity1 , respectively. The most frequent nonhematologic @entity137 were grades 2-3 fatigue in 10 (15.9%) @entity1 and grades 2-3 @entity390 / @entity391 in 3 (4.7%) @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Weekly administration of @entity1945 4.0 mg/m2 is active and well tolerated by @entity1 with recurrent or persistent @entity43 and @entity298 .

title: Efficacy and XXXX of weekly topotecan in recurrent @entity43 .

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['EOC', 'epithelial ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity1945 :: ('MESH:D019772', 'Chemical') :: ['topotecan']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['platinum']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['PPC', 'primary peritoneal carcinoma']

answer: @entity137 :: (MESH:D064420,Disease) :: ['toxicity']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To analyze endothelial function in @entity1252 ( @entity1252 ), and its relationship with @entity66 and subclinical @entity4288 . METHODS: We studied a group of 26 @entity1 with @entity1252 and 21 age- and sex-matched controls. None of the @entity1 or controls had had any @entity63 event. Data were recorded on medical history, anthropometrics, prior treatment and the lupus activity index (LAI). Endothelial function was quantified by flow-mediated dilatation in the brachial artery. The presence of subclinical @entity4288 was assessed by the average @entity121 ( @entity121 ) on carotid ultrasound. RESULTS: The @entity1 and the controls had a similar degree of carotid @entity121 (0.58+/-0.08 mm vs. 0.57+/-0.07 mm, NS) and a similar prevalence of carotid plaque (27% vs. 24%, NS). However, the @entity1252 @entity1 had worse endothelial function than the controls ( @entity4631 12.4+/-4.4% vs. 16.9+/-5.5%, p<0.05). This difference remained after adjusting for age, smoking, body mass index, waist circumference, total @entity165 , @entity1674 , HDL @entity165 , apolipoproteins A-1 and B100 and postmenopausal status. A significant association was found in the @entity1252 @entity1 between @entity4631 and LAI (Spearman Rho -0.462, p<0.05). CONCLUSION: @entity1252 -associated @entity409 is present in @entity1 who have no prior @entity63 events and with the same degree of subclinical @entity4288 as controls. The @entity409 is significantly associated with the degree of @entity66 .

title: Lupus-associated XXXX , @entity66 and @entity4288 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['disease activity']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['endothelial dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1252 :: ('MESH:D008180', 'Disease') :: ['SLE', 'systemic lupus erythematosus']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['IMT', 'intima-media thickness']

entities_list: @entity4288 :: ('MESH:D001161', 'Disease') :: ['arteriosclerosis']

answer: @entity409 :: (MESH:D008107,Disease) :: ['endothelial dysfunction']


abstract: PURPOSE: To retrospectively analyze the clinical outcome of @entity1 with hepatic metastases from @entity1358 who were treated with computed-tomography-guided high-dose-rate brachytherapy (CT-HDRBT). METHODS: Ten @entity1 (7 @entity1 and 3 @entity1 ; median age 72      7.9  years) with a total number of 16 hepatic metastases from histologically proven @entity1358 were treated with CT-HDRBT after discussing the case in an @entity5 conference. All @entity1 had underwent nephrectomy before CT-HDRBT. Three @entity1 had extrahepatic manifestations (2 lung and 1 bone). Six @entity1 had received immunotherapy or targeted therapy before CT-HDRBT. Follow-up included @entity18497 ( @entity18497 ) enhanced MRI two times within 6-8  weeks and after that every 3  months after treatment to evaluate treatment efficacy. RESULTS: Mean follow-up time was 21.6      13.7  months. One @entity1 developed @entity358 after 10.8  months which was treated with targeted therapy and died 20.3  months after CT-HDRBT. None of the remaining nine @entity1 developed local progression or died during the follow-up period. Five @entity1 developed systemic progression (3 pulmonary, 1 osseous and 1 locally at the site of nephrectomy) after an average of 19.7      5.5  months. CONCLUSIONS: CT-HDRBT is a viable alternative to hepatic resection of liver metastases from @entity1358 in selected @entity1 .

title: Treatment for liver metastasis from XXXX with computed-tomography-guided high-dose-rate brachytherapy (CT-HDRBT): a case series.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity18497 :: ('MESH:C073590', 'Chemical') :: ['gadoxetic acid', 'Gd-EOB-DTPA']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['interdisciplinary tumor']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['renal cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['local and systemic (pulmonary and osseous) progression']

answer: @entity1358 :: (MESH:D002292,Disease) :: ['renal cell carcinoma']