abstract: OBJECT: In this paper the authors sought to determine the segmental lumbar sagittal contour change after bilateral @entity2649 ( @entity2649 ). METHODS: Between March 2007 and October 2010, 42 consecutive @entity1 (57 levels) underwent bilateral @entity2649 . Standard preoperative and 6-week postoperative standing lumbar spine radiographs were examined. Preoperative and @entity86 was determined by manual measurements using the Cobb method. The difference between the preoperative and postoperative values were calculated and analyzed for statistical significance. RESULTS: The mean preoperative segmental alignment was 8.1  . The mean postoperative alignment was 15.3  , with a mean correction of 7.2   per segment. The largest gain in @entity1515 was obtained at the L5-S1 level (10.1  ). There was a significant difference between the preoperative and postoperative values (p = 5   10(-9)). There was no significant difference in mean segmental correction between levels. Improvement in @entity1515 was higher in multilevel fusions (9.8  ) than in single-level fusions (5.2  ) (p = 0.047). There was an inverse correlation between preoperative @entity1515 measurement and change in @entity1515 (r = -0.599). CONCLUSIONS: A significant improvement in @entity1515 can be gained by preforming bilateral facetectomies in @entity2649 with posterior compression. This procedure provides an additional option to a spine surgeon's armamentarium in dealing with significant @entity85 .

title: Segmental lumbar sagittal correction after bilateral XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2649 :: ('MESH:C563613', 'Disease') :: ['TLIF', 'transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion']

entities_list: @entity1515 :: ('MESH:D008141', 'Disease') :: ['lordosis', 'sagittal lordosis', 'lumbar lordosis']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative segmental lordosis']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['lumbar sagittal plane deformities']

answer: @entity2649 :: (MESH:C563613,Disease) :: ['transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion']


abstract: 771 cases of @entity13171 and 52 cases of @entity166 were collected over 3 months in a prospective study carried out in French hospitals. The mean age was 62.7 +/- 19.3 years for the @entity13171 @entity1 and 69.7 +/- 16 years for the @entity2688 @entity1 . Sex-ratios were respectively 0.92 and 2.7. The infection was mainly localized in the lower limbs in both categories (90.9 p. 100 and 71 p. 100); the upper limbs and the face were more often involved in @entity2688 than in @entity13171 (13 p. 100 versus 5.2 p. 100 and 10 p. 100 versus 2.5 p. 100). @entity3397 was the initial antimicrobial treatment in 45 p. 100 of the @entity13171 cases, whereas @entity115 - @entity798 was used in 32.7 p. 100 of the @entity2688 cases. Other antibiotics used were @entity30658 , antistaphylococcal @entity114 , and @entity115 . Combinations of antibiotics were used to treat 50 p. 100 of the @entity2688 cases but only 11 p. 100 of the @entity13171 cases. Anticoagulants were used in 67.4 p. 100 of the @entity13171 cases and in 59.7 p. 100 of the @entity2688 cases. Surgery was performed in 52 p. 100 of the @entity2688 cases, and hyperbaric @entity26 in 4.2 p. 100. The outcome was quite different for the 2 diseases: cure rate without complications reached 86.6 p. 100 for @entity13171 , and only 48.1 p. 100 for @entity2688 ; @entity204 rates reached respectively 0.77 p. 100 and 5.7 p. 100, median length of hospitalization 8 days and 21 days, and median length of antibiotic treatment 15 days and 21 days.

title: [A prospective study on XXXX and @entity166 : how are they dealt within hospital?].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity115 :: ('MESH:D000658', 'Chemical') :: ['amoxicillin']

entities_list: @entity114 :: ('MESH:D010406', 'Chemical') :: ['penicillin']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity2688 :: ('MESH:D002481', 'Disease') :: ['cellulitis']

entities_list: @entity30658 :: ('MESH:D025762', 'Chemical') :: ['pristinamycin']

entities_list: @entity798 :: ('MESH:D019818', 'Chemical') :: ['clavulanic acid']

entities_list: @entity3397 :: ('MESH:D010400', 'Chemical') :: ['Penicillin G']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['infectious cellulitis']

entities_list: @entity13171 :: ('MESH:D004886', 'Disease') :: ['erysipelas']

answer: @entity13171 :: (MESH:D004886,Disease) :: ['erysipelas']


abstract: Sphingolipids are essential components of eukaryotic cell membranes and are thought to be involved in a variety of cellular functions. @entity4291 is the most abundant @entity8483 in the nervous system. In this work, we explored the ligand binding function of the hippocampal @entity750 (1A) receptor upon hydrolyzing @entity4291 to @entity2367 and @entity2945 using sphingomyelinase. The @entity750 (1A) receptor is an important neurotransmitter receptor and belongs to the superfamily of G-protein coupled receptors. It is involved in the generation and modulation of various cognitive, behavioral and developmental functions. We show here that specific agonist binding to @entity750 (1A) receptors in native hippocampal membranes is considerably reduced upon sphingomyelinase treatment. Interestingly, the overall membrane order does not exhibit any appreciable change under these conditions. Our results show the importance of @entity4291 (specifically, the @entity4291 headgroup) for the function of @entity750 (1A) receptors. These novel results constitute the first report on the effect of enzymatic hydrolysis of @entity4291 on the ligand binding function of this important neurotransmitter receptor in native hippocampal membranes. Our results assume greater relevance in the broader perspective of the influence of the membrane lipid environment on the function of the @entity750 (1A) receptor in particular, and other G-protein coupled receptors in general.

title: Removal of XXXX headgroup inhibits the ligand binding function of hippocampal serotonin1A receptors.

entities_list: @entity8483 :: ('CHEBI:26739', 'Chemical') :: ['sphingolipid']

entities_list: @entity2367 :: ('CHEBI:17761', 'Chemical') :: ['ceramide']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['serotonin']

entities_list: @entity2945 :: ('MESH:D010767', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphocholine']

entities_list: @entity4291 :: ('CHEBI:17636', 'Chemical') :: ['Sphingomyelin', 'sphingomyelin']

answer: @entity4291 :: (CHEBI:17636,Chemical) :: ['sphingomyelin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The months immediately after the completion of treatment for childhood @entity981 ( @entity981 ) are often regarded as a stressful time for @entity1 and families. In this prospective, longitudinal study, the prevalence and predictors of @entity148 and @entity308 after the completion of treatment were examined. METHODS: @entity1 included 160 @entity1 aged 2 to 9 years with standard-risk @entity981 who were enrolled on @entity1 's Oncology Group protocol AALL0331. Parents completed standardized rating scales of their @entity1 's emotional-behavioral functioning and measures of coping and family functioning at approximately 1 month, 6 months, and 12 months after diagnosis and again 3 months after the completion of chemotherapy. RESULTS: At 3 months off therapy, approximately 24% of survivors had at-risk/clinically elevated @entity148 scores and 28% had elevated @entity308 scores, which are significantly higher than the expected 15% in the general population (P = .028 and .001, respectively). @entity1 with elevated @entity148 1 month after diagnosis were at greater risk of off-therapy @entity148 (odds ratio, 4.1; 95% confidence interval, 1.31-12.73 [P = .022]) and those with elevated @entity308 6 months after diagnosis were at greater risk of off-therapy @entity308 (odds ratio, 7.88; 95% confidence interval, 2.61-23.81 [P = .0002]). In adjusted longitudinal analyses, unhealthy family functioning (P = .008) and less reliance on social support coping (P = .009) were found to be associated with @entity147 . @entity1 from Spanish-speaking families (P = .05) also were found to be at a greater risk of distress. CONCLUSIONS: A significant percentage of @entity1 experience emotional distress during and after therapy for @entity981 . These data provide a compelling rationale for targeted early screening and psychosocial interventions to support family functioning and coping skills. @entity5 2016;122:1608-17.    2015 American @entity5 Society.

title: Prevalence and predictors of @entity148 and @entity308 after completion of chemotherapy for childhood XXXX : A prospective longitudinal study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'Children', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity981 :: ('MESH:D054198', 'Disease') :: ['ALL', 'acute lymphoblastic leukemia']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive symptoms', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cancer']

entities_list: @entity147 :: ('MESH:D005316', 'Disease') :: ['risk of emotional distress']

answer: @entity981 :: (MESH:D054198,Disease) :: ['acute lymphoblastic leukemia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the change in systolic and diastolic blood pressure in post-interventional phase through dietary approaches to stop @entity101 /salt-restricted diet. METHODS: This randomised controlled clinical study was conducted from February 2014 to March 2015 at the Armed Forces Institute of Cardiology, Rawalpindi, and Ali Medical Centre, Islamabad, Pakistan, and involved @entity101 @entity1 and matching controls. The control group followed routine diet while the intervention group was given a diet plan containing 1,500mg of @entity1372 providing 2,000 calories. Both groups were advised not to consume @entity1372 -rich foods. Paired sample t-test was applied to determine the change in blood pressure among the groups at two different occasions. RESULTS: Of the 1,492 @entity1 , 710(47.6%) were controls and 782(52.4%) were in the interventional group. Overall, 417(27.9%) @entity1 got their blood pressure checked less than twice in six months, while 409(27.4%) had it done on a regular basis. Moreover, 941(63.1%)) subjects had a family history of high blood pressure and 149(10.0%) @entity1 did not exercise at all. The overall mean age was 53.42  9.302 years. Mean systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure after five weeks was 126.33  3.35 and 84.40  3.04mmHg in the intervention group, and128.41  3.52 and 84.04  2.953mmHg in the control group. Changes in blood pressure between the two groups were minimal but statistically significant (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: A diet which is restricted in salt, rich in fruits, vegetables, and low-fat dairy foods and reduced saturated and total fat can substantially lower blood pressure. Such a diet offers an additional nutritional approach to the prevention and treatment of @entity101 .

title: Role of @entity1372 -restricted dietary approaches to control blood pressure in Pakistani XXXX population.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'hypertensive']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertensive']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The purpose of the study was to verify whether @entity1012 in combination with @entity1013 induced @entity1014 phosphorylase ( @entity1015 ) and cytokines in @entity356 @entity1 as well as in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty @entity1 with invasive @entity356 were randomly assigned, upon admission using by a closed-envelope technique, to either a group receiving @entity1013 or @entity1012 alone, to a group receiving both 5'DFUR and @entity1012 , or to a non- treated group up. Surgical specimens of the @entity5 and normal tissues were taken soon after gastrectomy to evaluate @entity1015 activity, @entity1192 and TNF-production. RESULTS: @entity1015 activities were several times higher in @entity5 than in normal tissues. In normal tissues, @entity1015 activities in the @entity1013 + @entity1012 group were significantly higher than in the @entity1012 group. @entity1015 activity in @entity5 , however, showed no significant difference between treated group. In the @entity1013 + @entity1012 group, the level of @entity1192 production in @entity5 was significantly higher compared to the control group. In the @entity1013 + @entity1012 group, the level of @entity310 production in @entity5 was significantly higher than in normal tissue. @entity310 production in @entity5 showed no significant difference in each treated group compared to the control. There was a significant correlation between @entity1015 activity and @entity1192 production levels in @entity5 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity1015 was induced by @entity1192 in @entity5 tissues of @entity356 @entity1 . @entity1012 in combination with @entity1013 , however, did not induce @entity310 and @entity1192 , and increase @entity1015 activity in @entity356 .

title: Effects of XXXX and @entity1012 on cytokines and @entity1014 phosphorylase in @entity5 tissue of @entity356 @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1014 :: ('MESH:D013936', 'Chemical') :: ['thymidine']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer', 'gastric cancer tumors']

answer: @entity1013 :: (MESH:C025034,Chemical) :: ['5'-DFUR']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Enteral nutrition can be useful for the feeding of @entity1 with acute @entity788 , specially in the later phases of the disease. AIM: To describe an endoscopic placement method for long nasojejunal tubes and assess its efficacy. To communicate a preliminary experience with enteral nutrition in @entity1 with acute @entity788 . @entity1 AND METHODS: An endoscopic placement method for nasojejunal tubes is described. In 24 @entity1 with acute @entity788 , 28 tubes were placed using this method, after the second week of evolution. In 15 @entity1 with @entity75 , traditional nasojejunal feeding tubes were placed without endoscopy. The position of both types of tubes was determined by fluoroscopy with the aid of contrast media. RESULTS: The endoscopic placement method was simple and the tube was placed beyond the ligament of Treitz in all @entity1 . No traditional tube was placed in the jejunum and contrast media filled the duodenum in all cases. In @entity1 with acute @entity788 , enteral nutrition was well tolerated, 5 @entity1 had a higher stool frequency and one, had an asymptomatic increase in serum amilase levels. CONCLUSIONS: Long nasojejunal tubes can be easily placed beyond the ligament of Treitz with endoscopic aid and can be used for enteral feeding in @entity1 with acute @entity788 .

title: [Long nasojejunal feeding tube: endoscopic method for placing and its use for enteral nutrition in acute XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain damage']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatitis']


abstract: The association between the staging of @entity14 and mortality is well known. Much less researched is the relationship between the duration of symptoms and outcome, and whether particular initial symptoms carry a different prognosis. We performed a cohort study of 349 @entity1 with primary @entity14 in whom all their prediagnostic symptoms and investigation results were known. Survival data for 3-8 years after diagnosis were taken from the @entity5 registry. Six features were studied: @entity548 , @entity490 , @entity294 , @entity1142 , @entity353 , and @entity417 . Two of these were significantly associated with different staging and mortality. @entity548 as an initial symptom was associated with less advanced staging (odds ratio from one Duke's stage to the next 0.50, 95% confidence interval 0.31, 0.79; P=0.003) and with reduced mortality (Cox's proportional hazard ratio (HR) 0.56 (0.41, 0.79); P=0.001. Mild @entity417 , with a haemoglobin of 10.0-12.9 g dl(-1), was associated with more advanced staging (odds ratio 2.2 (1.2, 4.3); P=0.021) and worse mortality (HR 1.5 (0.98, 2.3): P=0.064). When corrected for emergency admission, sex, and the site of the @entity5 , the HR for mild @entity417 was 1.7 (1.1, 2.6); P=0.015. No relationship was found between the duration of symptoms and staging or mortality.

title: The mortality of XXXX in relation to the initial symptom at presentation to primary care and to the duration of symptoms: a cohort study using medical records.

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['rectal bleeding', 'Rectal bleeding']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhoea']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity1142 :: ('MESH:D003248', 'Disease') :: ['constipation']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Studies using the long-sleep (LS) X short-sleep (SS) (LSXSS) recombinant inbred @entity19 and @entity25 ( @entity25 ) by @entity25 ( @entity25 ) intercrosses have found genetic linkage between Tyr @entity4068 (c/c) and differential sensitivity to sedative-hypnotic doses of @entity1068 and general anesthetics. This linkage could be due to a gene or genes near Tyr or Tyr itself. With regard to the latter possibility, the absence of @entity22835 activity (encoded by Tyr) in albinos could alter @entity669 availability and thus the rate-limiting step in @entity2922 synthesis. In addition, @entity4068 is associated with altered brain development that could have pleiotropic effects on behavior. Therefore, in this study, we asked whether @entity4068 affects sedative-hypnotic sensitivity. METHODS: Loss of righting reflex (LORR) duration was measured using doses of @entity1068 (4.1 g/kg), @entity4485 (70 mg/kg), @entity5161 (2 g/kg), and @entity4671 (20 mg/kg) that were previously associated with differential sensitivity of albino versus nonalbino @entity19 . Tyr transgenics (c/c, Tg(Tyr+)) were backcrossed to @entity25 (c/c) to compare pigmented (c/c, Tg(Tyr+)) and albino (c/c) @entity19 in the context of an @entity25 -like background. @entity25 was also crossed with C57BL/6 (B6) @entity19 heterozygous for a spontaneous albino mutation (c2j) to compare pigmented (c/+) and albino (c/c2j) @entity19 . Pigmented B6 (c2j/+ and +/+) and albino B6 (c2j/c2j) @entity19 were also compared (pentobarbital). RESULTS: For each sedative hypnotic, @entity4068 had no effect on LORR duration. Each expected difference was ruled out at the 95% or 99% confidence level. For each sedative hypnotic, males were more sensitive than females even though the effect size was usually smaller than the expected albino effect size, arguing empirically that the inability to detect an albino effect was not due to systematic error or an insufficient number of @entity19 . CONCLUSION: We conclude that the differential sensitivity associated with @entity4068 is most likely due to a gene or genes near Tyr rather than Tyr itself.

title: No effect of XXXX on sedative-hypnotic sensitivity to @entity1068 and anesthetics.

entities_list: @entity4485 :: ('MESH:D010424', 'Chemical') :: ['pentobarbital']

entities_list: @entity2922 :: ('CHEBI:33567', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamine']

entities_list: @entity4671 :: ('MESH:D005045', 'Chemical') :: ['etomidate']

entities_list: @entity5161 :: ('MESH:D007530', 'Chemical') :: ['isoflurane']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['inbred long-sleep', 'ISS', 'ILS', 'inbred short-sleep']

answer: @entity4068 :: (MESH:D000417,Disease) :: ['albinism']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: In Hungary there are as many as 300 @entity1 diagnosed with @entity5 each year. Along with the traditional treatments, alternative remedies have been increasingly applied in the past two decades despite the availability of the more complex and more effective @entity5 treatments. AIMS: The authors attempted to find out about the applied alternative remedies for @entity5 outside the traditional treatments, to determine how frequently they were applied and to examine what psychological factors had lead to their application. @entity1 : @entity1 's parents, getting active treatment and also the ones that have been rehabilitated at the II. Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University. RESULTS: 60 percent of the 34 @entity1 being examined were getting several kinds of therapy. The most frequently applied alternative remedies were the following: nature products, diet supplements, herbs, diet changes. The parents' choice was mainly influenced by other parents' opinions (42%), frequently appearing commercials in media (26%) and their current financial background (23%). The authors have found on the base of their research that the general aim of parents was: to help their own incapability to help (31%), to make sure about the efficiency of the treatment (45%). CONSEQUENCES: Independently of demographic or clinical facts the use of alternative remedies are excessively widespread and popular with @entity1 having @entity5 . Thus it is not advisable or reasonable to absolutely refuse them since they are quite widespread and @entity1 tend to strongly believe in them. As for doctors, they are to give professional advice and help with choosing the alternative remedies that are not harmful or even more, the ones that can make traditional treatments more effective.

title: [Alternative therapy in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children', 'PATIENTS', 'people']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'childhood cancer', 'malignant tumor']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['childhood cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the application of flow cytometry in diagnosis of @entity784 @entity1892 . METHODS: Histopathologic features, immunohistochemical findings and flow cytometry results of three cases of @entity784 @entity1892 were reviewed retrospectively. RESULTS: In @entity1195 -side scatter (SSC) dot plot of the first @entity1 , two different @entity1195 -positive lymphoid cell populations were identified. The bright population consisted of both T and B cells, with a T-cell predominance. The dim population consisted mainly of B cells which showed lambda light chain restriction. In the second @entity1 , @entity1195 -positive cells were subdivided into two groups according to @entity1195 -SSC dot plot. The small population consisted of both T and B cells, with a T-cell predominance. The large population consisted mainly of B cells which showed kappa light chain restriction. In the third @entity1 , @entity1075 -positive cells were subdivided into two groups according to the expression of @entity2225 in @entity1075 - @entity2225 dot plot. The @entity2225 -positive population expressed both kappa and lambda light chains, while the @entity2225 -negative population demonstrated kappa light chain restriction. CONCLUSIONS: Neoplastic B cells can be distinguished from reactive lymphoid cells in @entity784 @entity1892 by flow cytometry, according to a number of parameters which include intensity of antigen expression, loss of antigens, expression of non-B-cell lineage antigens, patterns of forward scatter (FSC) and/or SSC, and expression of immature B-cell antigens.

title: [Application of flow cytometry in diagnosis of XXXX @entity1892 ].

entities_list: @entity784 :: ('MESH:D016399', 'Disease') :: ['T-cell rich diffuse']

entities_list: @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ['large B-cell lymphoma']

answer: @entity784 :: (MESH:D016399,Disease) :: ['T-cell rich diffuse']


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine the appropriate @entity1 , methods, and timing for screening for @entity6 . DATA SOURCES: Relevant articles were identified through prominent review articles, the authors' files, recommendations from experts, and a MEDLINE search (1986 to the present); additional references were selected from the bibliographies of identified articles. STUDY SELECTION: Selection of articles on the natural history of @entity989 was limited to large clinical series and formal epidemiologic studies of defined populations. Selection of articles on the therapeutic effect of photocoagulation and of glycemic control was limited to randomized trials. Sources bearing on the accuracy of screening modalities were necessarily more varied. DATA EXTRACTION: For important variables, individual estimates from multiple studies are presented rather than a single meta-analytic summary estimate. RESULTS: Screening for @entity989 is justifiable if early detection leads to less @entity1018 at an acceptable cost. The evidence shows that 1) laser therapy reduces the rate of @entity1018 by 50% among @entity1 with @entity989 and @entity1103 , conditions that are often asymptomatic; 2) duration of @entity6 is the main risk factor for @entity989 ; and 3) standard ophthalmoscopic examination has only moderate sensitivity (about 80% in research settings) and specificity (greater than 90% for @entity989 but lower for @entity1103 ), making seven-field stereophotography a more accurate method. Estimates of cost effectiveness indicate that screening for @entity989 not only saves years of vision but may be cost saving from a societal perspective. CONCLUSIONS: Screening for @entity989 in @entity1 with @entity6 , and subsequent photocoagulation therapy for those who have high risk @entity1103 or @entity989 , is clearly beneficial.

title: Screening for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1018 :: ('MESH:D054062', 'Disease') :: ['vision loss']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes', 'diabetic retinopathy']

entities_list: @entity1103 :: ('MESH:D008269', 'Disease') :: ['macular edema']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['retinopathy', 'proliferative retinopathy']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetic retinopathy']


abstract: The @entity10793 , @entity39648 , and @entity27919 genes were previously found to be overexpressed in breast compared to @entity43 effusions. The present study validated this finding in a larger cohort consisting of both primary and @entity3 . @entity10793 , @entity39648 , and @entity27919 mRNA expression was investigated in 83 @entity0 (57 primary @entity189 and 26 effusions) and 40 ovarian @entity189 (20 primary @entity189 and 20 effusions) using qPCR. @entity10793 protein expression was immunohistochemically analyzed in 53 @entity0 and @entity1 -matched primary @entity189 (n   =   25) and lymph node @entity3 (n   =   16). mRNA and protein levels were studied for association with @entity5 type and anatomic site, and for clinical role in @entity0 . @entity39648 and @entity27919 mRNA was overexpressed in breast compared to @entity43 (both p   <   0.001). @entity39648 mRNA was overexpressed in primary @entity0 compared to effusions (p   <   0.001), with opposite findings for @entity10793 (p   =   0.044). @entity39648 mRNA expression correlated with positive ER status (p   =   0.032) and grade 1 histology (p   =   0.011), whereas @entity27919 mRNA levels were associated with positive ER (p   =   0.002) and PR (p   =   0.013) status and @entity440 treatment (p   =   0.004). @entity10793 protein expression was higher in @entity0 compared to primary @entity5 and lymph node @entity3 (both p   =   0.001). @entity10793 , @entity39648 , and @entity27919 levels were unrelated to disease-free or overall survival. This is the first study documenting @entity10793 , @entity39648 , and @entity27919 expression in @entity0 . @entity39648 and @entity27919 may be novel molecular markers for the differentiation of @entity5344 . @entity10793 may be involved in @entity0 progression in view of its overexpression in effusions compared to solid specimens.

title: @entity39648 and @entity27919 mRNA expression differentiates @entity0 from XXXX .

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast carcinoma', 'breast carcinoma effusions', 'breast carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity440 :: ('MESH:D013629', 'Chemical') :: ['tamoxifen']

entities_list: @entity5344 :: ('MESH:D061325', 'Disease') :: ['breast from ovarian carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic tumors', 'metastases']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['ovarian serous carcinoma']


abstract: PURPOSE: The functional significance of gap-junction (GJ) channels in @entity410 susceptibility and induction and maintenance of @entity410 in the developing @entity35 brain was investigated on the @entity973 ( @entity974 ) in vivo @entity302 model. METHODS: In electrophysiological experiments, GJs were manipulated with a blocker or opener before induction or at the active @entity302 foci between postnatal days 9 and 28 (P9-28). Semiquantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) amplification was used to measure the levels of connexin (Cx) 26, 32, 36, and 43 mRNAs at the untreated cortex or @entity302 foci. RESULTS: The basic electrocorticogram (ECoG) and Cx messenger RNA (mRNA) expression patterns exhibited characteristic maturation; the 4-AP-induced @entity302 correlated well with these changes. Cx mRNA expressions were significantly upregulated around @entity11754 (except for @entity26830 ). The @entity26830 , 36, and 43 gene inducibility was highest around @entity11754 and then declined significantly. In the youngest animals, the GJ opener induced rhythmic synchronous cortical activity. On maturation, the @entity410 became focalized and periodic; the discharges accelerated their amplitude and frequency increase. A transient decrease (P13-14) and then increase (P15-16) in @entity410 susceptibility were followed by a tendency to periodicity and focalization. CONCLUSIONS: The study suggests that GJ communication is involved in rhythm genesis and synchronization of cortical activity and may enhance the epileptogenicity of the developing brain.

title: The functional significance of gap junction channels in the epileptogenicity and XXXX susceptibility of juvenile @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'seizures']

entities_list: @entity973 :: ('MESH:D015761', 'Chemical') :: ['4-aminopyridine']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epileptic', 'epilepsy', 'epileptiform activity']

answer: @entity410 :: (MESH:D012640,Disease) :: ['seizure']


abstract: Infected, @entity1398 animals are used as experimental models to evaluate the relative efficacies of antimicrobial agents and host-pathogen-antibiotic interactions. In the past, these models used @entity204 as the study end point. Because of the concern about use of @entity204 as an end point, we evaluated the accuracy with which various signs of @entity281 predicted mortality in a @entity1398 @entity840 model of treated and untreated @entity796 @entity295 . The potential surrogate markers studied included ruffled fur, @entity649 , @entity294 , hunched posture, lethargy, abnormal @entity16 (twitching, @entity912 of a limb), inappetence for > 48 h, the inability to ambulate, and the inability of a supine animal to stand. In addition, we evaluated whether percentage of @entity353 or change in daily food and water consumption were predictive of mortality. Animals were inspected for these signs at least every 4 h during the day and every 8 h in the evening. In treated and untreated animals, 100% of subjects that were unable to ambulate or to rise from the supine position died (positive predictive value for @entity204 was 100% for either sign). @entity840 that could not rise from a supine position expired between 1 and 8 h after this sign was observed. Those that could not ambulate died between 4 and 40 h after that sign was observed. In treated and untreated animals, none of the survivors manifested either sign of disease (100% specificity for each sign). However, 59% of untreated and 69% of treated animals that were ambulatory were found dead at the next observation period, underscoring the rapidity with which this @entity281 progresses to @entity204 when it enters its final stage. No other signs of @entity281 distinguished animals that survived or died. Thus, the inability of @entity1398 , infected @entity840 to rise from a supine position and the inability to ambulate were the only signs that accurately predicted @entity204 and, therefore, are the only signs that can be used as surrogates for @entity204 in this experimental model of @entity796 @entity295 .

title: Predictive value of several signs of @entity281 as surrogate markers for mortality in a XXXX @entity840 model of @entity796 @entity295 .

entities_list: @entity796 :: ('287', 'Species') :: ['Pseudomonas aeruginosa', 'P. aeruginosa']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity649 :: ('MESH:D012128', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory distress']

entities_list: @entity840 :: ('10141', 'Species') :: ['Guinea pigs', 'guinea pigs', 'guinea pig']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurologic movements']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenic']

entities_list: @entity912 :: ('MESH:D010243', 'Disease') :: ['paralysis']

answer: @entity1398 :: (MESH:D009503,Disease) :: ['neutropenic']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Adrenal @entity44 is a rare germline @entity5 with a malignant potential. We present a case of @entity774 complicated by @entity6 . The 64-year-old female @entity1 showed multiple cystic space-occupying masses in the left kidney in B-mode ultrasound examination, and plain and enhanced CT reported a 9.0 cm heterogeneous mass in the left adrenal gland. After effective control of blood @entity413 , the mass was surgically removed and sent for pathological examination. The mass consisted of @entity45 containing lipid-like substance with a cyst wall thickness of 0.2-0.4 cm; bony structures were found on the sections of the mass with fat tissues on the mass surface. A final diagnosis of left cystic mature adrenal @entity44 was made based on the clinical and pathological findings and literature review. The @entity1 was followed up for 6 months and no local recurrence or @entity3 was found. Mature adrenal @entity44 can be easily diagnosed by ultrasound and CT examinations and should be distinguished from other @entity5 of an adrenal source. Early diagnosis and early surgical resection is key to the treatment, and a definite diagnosis can be made pathologically. Chemotherapy is necessary in inoperable cases or for @entity5 with a malignant potential. The @entity1 should be followed up for life time after the treatment.

title: [Left cystic mature adrenal XXXX : a case report].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'such tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity45 :: ('MESH:D010181', 'Disease') :: ['multiple cysts']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity44 :: ('MESH:D013724', 'Disease') :: ['teratoma']

entities_list: @entity774 :: ('MESH:D000312', 'Disease') :: ['left adrenal teratoma']

answer: @entity44 :: (MESH:D013724,Disease) :: ['teratoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To present our initial experience with pure transvaginal natural orifice translumenal endoscopic surgery @entity8 decortication. METHODS: From December 2010 to July 2011, five female @entity1 with symptomatic @entity8 in the anterior portion and lower pole of the kidney were submitted to pure transvaginal natural orifice translumenal endoscopic surgery @entity8 decortication in our center. Under general anesthesia, the @entity1 were placed in the lithotomy position with the affected side elevated by 60  . A 3-cm incision was made at the posterior vaginal fornix and a modified three-channel port was deployed across the vaginal incision. The cyst was dissected and the cyst fluid was aspirated using a suction device. The cyst wall was circumferentially excised. RESULTS: All five procedures were successfully carried out without additional transabdominal trocars. The median operative time was 80   min (range 60-90   min). The median estimated @entity190 was 25   mL (range 25-50   mL). The median visual analog scale score was 1 on postoperative day 1. None of the @entity1 required @entity158 medications beyond postoperative day 2. Intestinal function recovered on postoperative day 1-3. There was no intraoperative or postoperative complication in any of the @entity1 . During the follow-up visits, all the @entity1 were in good condition. All the @entity1 reported unaltered sexual function after surgery by the Female Sexual Function Index questionnaire. CONCLUSION: Our initial experience suggests that pure transvaginal natural orifice translumenal endoscopic surgery @entity8 decortication is feasible and safe in selected @entity1 .

title: Pure transvaginal natural orifice translumenal endoscopic surgery for XXXX decortication: report of initial five cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal cyst']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['narcotic pain']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['renal cyst']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the relative risk of developing @entity1478 after treatment with @entity2931 alone or in conjunction with progestogens. DESIGN: Prospective cohort follow up study, average observation period 5.7 years for each @entity1 . To have a 90% chance of detecting a relative risk of 2.0 with 95% significance the study required 78,000 @entity1 years of observation. SETTING: Community based cohort. @entity1 : @entity1 aged over 35 who were prescribed non-contraceptive @entity2931 in the Uppsala health care region during April 1977 to March 1980 were identified from pharmacy records. Of all prescriptions issued, 95% were identified. @entity1 from the cohort who developed @entity1478 were identified from the @entity5 registry of the Uppsala health care region. Compliance, sociodemographic data, and lifetime exposures to @entity2931 and cyclically added progestogen were assessed by questionnaire in a sample of the cohort. The final cohort consisted of 23,244 @entity1 (133,373 @entity1 years). The prevalence of university education, oophorectomy, and hysterectomy was higher in the cohort than the general population; no other confounding factors were identified. MEASUREMENTS: The total number of @entity1 years was divided into exposure groups by inference from the data from the questionnaire. Compensation was made for the excess of hysterectomies. Specimens from all cases of @entity1478 in the cohort and 90% of cases in the general population were studied blind histopathologically. Characteristics of treatment of all @entity1 who had @entity1478 were assessed by questionnaire. Relative risks and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. RESULTS: Seventy four cases of @entity189 and 33 cases of @entity75 occurred in the cohort. The relative risk of @entity1204 was 1.8 (95% confidence interval 1.1 to 3.2) after exposure to any @entity2931 compound without progestogen for more than six years; 2.2 (1.2 to 4.4) after more than three years' exposure to conjugated @entity2931 without progestogen; and 2.7 (1.4 to 5.1) after more than three years' exposure to @entity53 compounds without progestogen. When @entity189 and @entity75 were considered together the results were similar but the relative risk was higher. Risk of @entity189 did not increase when progestogens were cyclically added to @entity2931 for the entire treatment period (relative risk 0.9 (0.4 to 2.0]. CONCLUSIONS: Use of @entity2931 without progestogens is associated with a twofold to threefold increase in risk of @entity1478 . Use of progestogens either removes this increased risk or delays its onset. A further follow up of the cohort is essential to analyse the risks with greater statistical power.

title: Risk of XXXX after treatment with @entity2931 alone or in conjunction with progestogens: results of a prospective study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'Women', 'PATIENTS', 'person']

entities_list: @entity1204 :: ('MESH:D016889', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity2931 :: ('CHEBI:50114', 'Chemical') :: ['oestrogens', 'oestrogen']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['premalignant lesions']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['oestradiol']

entities_list: @entity1478 :: ('MESH:D014591', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial neoplasia']

answer: @entity1204 :: (MESH:D016889,Disease) :: ['endometrial cancer']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity6926 ( @entity6926 ) is a @entity74 characterized by @entity79 and @entity174 . @entity1 with @entity6926 have clinical features that may range from mild symptoms to severe @entity79 . Numerous approaches for the classification of @entity6926 have been published. The Sillence classification is the most commonly used. In this study, we aimed at developing a more refined sub-classification by applying a proposed scoring system for the quantitative assessment of clinical severity in different types of @entity6926 . SUBJECTS AND METHODS: This study included 43 @entity1 with @entity6926 . Clinical examination and radiological studies were conducted for all @entity1 . Cases were classified according to the Sillence classification into types I-IV. The proposed scoring system included five major criteria of high clinical value: number of @entity174 per year, motor milestones, long @entity79 , length/height standard deviation score ( @entity214 ), and @entity79 ( @entity79 ). Each criterion was assigned a score from 1 to 4, and each @entity1 was marked on a scale from 1 to 20 according to these five criteria. RESULTS: Applying the proposed clinical scoring system showed that all 11 @entity1 with Sillence type I (100%) had a score between 6 and 10, denoting mild affection. The only @entity1 with Sillence type II had a score of 19, denoting severe affection. In Sillence type III, 7 @entity1 (31.8%) were moderately affected and 15 @entity1 (68.2%) were severely affected. Almost all @entity1 with Sillence type IV (88.9%) were moderately affected. CONCLUSIONS: Applying the proposed scoring system can quantitatively reflect the degree of clinical severity in @entity6926 @entity1 and can be used in complement with the Sillence classification and molecular studies.

title: A scoring system for the assessment of clinical severity in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone mineral density', 'BMD', 'bone fragility', 'bone deformities', 'bone deformities and neonatal lethality']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['genetic disorder']

entities_list: @entity6926 :: ('MESH:D010013', 'Disease') :: ['OI', 'Osteogenesis imperfecta']

answer: @entity6926 :: (MESH:D010013,Disease) :: ['osteogenesis imperfecta']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the effectiveness of episcleral         @entity3739 plaque therapy (RPT) in the management of @entity995 . METHODS AND MATERIALS: One hundred one RPTs were retrospectively analyzed that were performed in 90 eyes of 85 @entity1 with @entity995 at National @entity5 Center Hospital between 1998 and 2008. Each RPT had a corresponding @entity5 and 101 @entity5 were considered in the analysis of local control. Median follow-up length was 72.8 months. Median @entity1 age at the RPT was 28 months. Median prescribed doses at reference depth and outer surface of the sclera were 47.4 Gy and 162.3 Gy, respectively. RESULTS: Local control rate (LCR) and ocular retention rate (ORR) at 2 years were 33.7% and 58.7%, respectively. Unilateral disease, International Classification of @entity995 group C or more advanced at the first presentation or at the time of RPT, vitreous and/or subretinal seeding, @entity5 size greater than 5 disc diameter (DD), reference depth greater than 5 mm, dose rate at reference depth lower than 0.7 Gy/hour, dose at the reference depth lower than 35 Gy, and (biologically effective dose with an a/b ratio of 10 Gy) at the reference depth lower than 40 Gy(10) were associated with unfavorable LCR. Two @entity1 died of metastatic disease. Radiation complications included @entity1713 in 12 eyes (13.3%), @entity989 in 6 (6.7%), rubeosis iris in 2 (2.2%), and posterior subcapsular @entity231 in 23 (25.6%). CONCLUSION: RPT is an effective eye-preserving treatment for @entity995 .

title: Ruthenium plaque therapy (RPT) for retinobl XXXX

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1713 :: ('MESH:D012163', 'Disease') :: ['retinal detachment']

entities_list: @entity3739 :: ('MESH:D012428', 'Chemical') :: ['ruthenium']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['proliferative retinopathy']

entities_list: @entity995 :: ('MESH:D012175', 'Disease') :: ['Retinoblastoma', 'retinoblastoma']

answer: @entity995 :: (MESH:D012175,Disease) :: ['retinoblastoma']


abstract: PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the ectopic bone formation using tissue engineered cell-seeded constructs with two different scaffolds and primary @entity1 maxillary osteoblasts in nude @entity35 over an implantation period of up to 96 days. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Collagen I-coated @entity13099 ( @entity13100 ) embroidery and @entity692 (HAP) collagen tapes were seeded with primary @entity1 maxillary osteoblasts (hOB) and implanted into athymic rnu/run @entity35 . A total of 72 implants were placed into the back muscles of 18 @entity35 . 24, 48 and 96 days after implantation, histological and histomorphometric analyses were made. The osteoblastic character of the cells was confirmed by immunocytochemistry and RT-PCR for @entity9356 . RESULTS: Histological analysis demonstrated that all cell-seeded constructs induced ectopic bone formation after 24, 48 and 96 days of implantation. There was more mineralized tissue in @entity13100 constructs than in HAP-collagen tapes (at day 24; p < 0.05). Bone formation decreased with the increasing length of the implantation period. @entity9356 expression verified the osteoblastic character of the cell-seeded constructs after implantation time. No bone formation and no @entity9356 expression were found in the control groups. CONCLUSIONS: Cell-seeded constructs either with @entity13100 embroidery or HAP-collagen tapes can induce ectopic bone formation. However, the amount of bone formed decreased with increasing length of implantation.

title: Ectopic bone formation in nude @entity35 using @entity1 osteoblasts seeded XXXX embroidery and @entity692 -collagen tapes constructs.

entities_list: @entity13099 :: ('MESH:C003182', 'Chemical') :: ['Poly(3)hydroxybutyrate']

entities_list: @entity692 :: ('MESH:D017886', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxyapatite']

answer: @entity13099 :: (MESH:C003182,Chemical) :: ['poly(3)hydroxybutyrate']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Reported complication rates after vascular closure device deployment or femoral manual compression (MC) are similar. However, the features and severity of such complications have never been thoroughly evaluated. METHODS AND RESULTS: A consecutive series of 1241 @entity1 treated from 2008 to 2010 with @entity4917 ( @entity4917 ) was prospectively evaluated for @entity455 ( @entity455 ). As control group, we used a consecutive series of 672 @entity1 treated with MC in the 7 months preceding @entity4917 adoption at our institution. @entity455 were observed in 88 @entity1 , 55 with @entity4917 and 33 with MC (relative risk, 0.90; 95% confidence interval, 0.59-1.38; P=.63). The clinical profile of complications observed in the 2 groups was different. Groin @entity1410 were more frequent with MC (100% vs 65.5%; P=.0005) and retroperitoneal bleedings were more common with @entity4917 (41.8% vs 6.1%; P=.0005). @entity4917 complications required more frequently transfusions (49.1% vs 18.2%; P=.006), while MC complications significantly delayed hospital discharge, in comparison to @entity4917 (4.3    4.0 days vs 2.7    1.9 days; P=.01). Differences in groin @entity1410 and @entity548 rates were confirmed after propensity score matching. Finally, a different allocation of diagnostic/therapeutic resources was observed in the 2 groups. CONCLUSION: @entity4917 and MC were associated with similar incidences of @entity455 , with a higher prevalence of severe complications ( @entity548 and transfusions) after using @entity4917 . However, complications after MC were associated with significantly prolonged hospital stay. Comparison between different hemostatic strategies should consider the logistic burden imposed by different @entity455 .

title: Different spectrum of XXXX after angio-seal deployment or manual compression.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['VC', 'vascular complications']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['retroperitoneal hemorrhages', 'retroperitoneal bleeding']

entities_list: @entity1410 :: ('MESH:D006406', 'Disease') :: ['hematomas', 'hematoma']

answer: @entity455 :: (MESH:D014652,Disease) :: ['vascular complications']


abstract: 1. Plasma @entity916 activity, response to @entity11605 and exchangeable @entity1372 have been measured in 43 @entity1 with early @entity8 . 2. Blood pressure was directly proportional to plasma @entity916 activity. However, mean plasma @entity916 activity was lower in @entity1 with @entity8 than in normal controls. 3. Blood pressure fell in response to @entity11605 infusion in proportion to the pre-infusion plasma @entity916 activity. 4. Exchangeable @entity1372 in @entity101 @entity1 with @entity8 did not exceed that in normotensive @entity1 in contrast to earlier reports. Discrepancies may arise from the difficulty in interpreting measured exchangeable @entity1372 in relation to body build.

title: @entity1372 and XXXX in the @entity101 of early @entity8 .

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal disease']

entities_list: @entity11605 :: ('MESH:D012504', 'Chemical') :: ['saralasin']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive']

answer: @entity916 :: (5972,Gene) :: ['renin']


abstract: A panel of seven @entity19 splenic macrophage cell lines, derived from cloned progenitors, was compared for their ability to present antigen to @entity630 or @entity61 helper T cell lines and hybridomas, as well as to naive T cells, and to provide accessory cell function for the synthesis of antibody from primed B cells. One of the cell lines expressed MHC class II molecules and was the only line with constitutive antigen-presenting activity for @entity630 cells. It may represent a subset of splenic macrophages responsible for the activation of naive @entity630 helper cells in situ. The remaining six cell lines responded to INF-gamma by up-regulating their class II expression and acquiring @entity630 antigen-presenting activity. They may represent cells which, in situ, lack constitutive antigen-presenting activity but are promoted to presenting status by @entity630 -derived INF-gamma. Five of the cell lines provided accessory cell function to @entity61 cells, as indicated by antibody synthesis in suspensions of spleen cells from primed @entity19 depleted of their antigen-presenting cells. One of the cell lines lacking accessory cell activity had constitutive antigen-presenting activity for @entity630 cells. This reciprocal expression of antigen-presenting activity supports the idea that @entity630 and @entity61 helper cells are activated by different antigen-presenting cells. Finally, the cell lines differed in their ability to constitutively induce an allogeneic response; a response that was limited to CD8+ T cells occurred in a @entity1961 + helper cell-independent manner and was unaffected by the addition of INF-gamma. The alloantigen-presenting macrophage cell lines also possessed the most efficient accessory cell activity for antibody synthesis. These cell lines, which represent a spectrum of antigen-presenting activities in the spleen afford models for defining the roles of macrophages in the induction of immune responses and for resolving issues concerning their development.

title: XXXX splenic macrophage cell lines with different antigen-presenting activities for @entity1961 + helper T cell subsets and allogeneic CD8+ T cells.

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['Mouse']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The relationship between the silence and voicing accumulations of primary school teachers and the teachers' clinical status was examined to determine whether more voicing accumulations and @entity409 were measured for the vocally unhealthy subjects than for the healthy subjects, which would imply more vocal loading and fewer short-term recovery moments. METHODS: Twenty-six Italian primary school teachers were allocated by clinicians to three groups: (1) with @entity347 , (2) with subjectively mild organic alteration or functional voice symptoms, and (3) normal voice quality and physiology. Continuous silence and voicing periods were measured with the APM3200 during the teachers' 4-hour workdays. The accumulations were grouped into seven time intervals, ranging from 0.03-0.9 to 3.16-10   seconds, according to Italian prosody. The effects of group on silence and voicing accumulations were evaluated. RESULTS: Regarding silence accumulations, Group 1 accumulated higher values in intervals between 0.1 and 3.15   seconds than other groups, whereas Groups 2 and 3 did not differ from each other. Voicing accumulations between 0.17 and 3.15   seconds were higher for subjects with a @entity2383 . A higher time dose was accumulated by these subjects (40.6%) than other subjects (Group 2, 31.9%; Group 3, 32.3%). CONCLUSIONS: Although previous research has suggested that a rest period of a few seconds may produce some vocal @entity1295 recovery, these results indicate that periods shorter than 3.16   seconds may not have an observable effect on recovery. The results provide insight into how vocal @entity1295 and vocal recovery may relate to @entity1740 in occupational voice users.

title: Silence and Voicing Accumulations in Italian Primary School Teachers With and Without XXXX .

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['fewer silence accumulations']

entities_list: @entity347 :: ('MESH:D019965', 'Disease') :: ['organic voice disorders']

entities_list: @entity1740 :: ('MESH:D014832', 'Disease') :: ['voice disorders']

entities_list: @entity2383 :: ('MESH:D028361', 'Disease') :: ['structural disorder']

answer: @entity1740 :: (MESH:D014832,Disease) :: ['Voice Disorders']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Long-term effects of soy-derived @entity6400 on lipids remain uncertain, and few data are available on their effects on glycemic control. We examined the effects of isolated soy germ @entity6400 on the changes in fasting @entity413 (FG) and lipids. DESIGN: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial was conducted in 203 postmenopausal Chinese @entity1 aged 48 to 62 years. They were randomly assigned to receive daily doses of 500 mg @entity460 , and 0 mg @entity6400 (placebo, n=67), 40 mg @entity6400 (n=68), and 80 mg @entity6400 (n=68). Serum FG, @entity1674 , high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, total @entity165 , and lipoprotein @entity165 were measured at baseline and 1 year after treatment. The primary data analysis was performed on the 203 randomized @entity1 according to the intent-to-treat principle. The last value carried forward was used for any missing data at follow-up. RESULTS: We observed moderate but significant favorable effects of soy @entity6400 on the changes (P=0.012) and percentage of changes (P=0.031) in FG (analysis of variance). The 1-year mean (SD) differences of FG changes were -5.2 (-9.4 to -1.0) mg/dL (P=0.010) and -3.3 (-7.5 to 0.9) mg/dL (P=0.18) in the 40- and 80-mg @entity3093 groups compared with the placebo group. We also noted a significant interaction between the treatment and baseline FG on the changes in FG (P=0.004). The @entity3093 effects were much more significant in @entity1 with baseline FG 100 mg/dL or more than in those with FG less than 90 mg/dL. We observed little effect of soy @entity6400 on changes in serum lipids among the treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS: One-year of soy @entity3093 supplementation might have a favorable effect on FG in @entity1 , but has no significant effect on serum lipids.

title: Soy @entity3093 supplementation and fasting serum @entity413 and lipid profile among postmenopausal Chinese XXXX : a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity3093 :: ('CHEBI:18220', 'Chemical') :: ['isoflavone']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity6400 :: ('MESH:D007529', 'Chemical') :: ['isoflavones']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: @entity3986 is an @entity74 with an incidence of 3 to 10 cases per million. The only type of cardiac involvement ascribed to this @entity4094 is a unique form of @entity299 --permanent @entity912 . However, reported cases of @entity3986 probably represented instead what is now recognized as phenotypically similar @entity12654 . Cardiac involvement, therefore, has not been convincingly reported in @entity3986 , but because of the clinical similarity of that disorder to @entity12654 and its genetic variants, a prospective investigation of the electrophysiologic properties of the atria and atrioventricular (AV) node and infranodal conduction was undertaken in 30 rigorously documented cases of @entity3986 . All @entity1 had a 12 lead surface electrocardiogram (ECG), 22 had a 24 h ambulatory ECG, 15 @entity1 had two-dimensional echocardiographic/Doppler studies and 10 @entity1 underwent 12 intracardiac electrophysiologic investigations. Left atrial, right atrial or biatrial P wave abnormalities were present in 60% of the surface ECGs. Evidence of abnormal AV node or infranodal conduction was present on intracardiac electrophysiologic study or surface ECG in 27% of @entity1 . @entity955 was induced by single atrial extra stimuli in 10 of the 12 intracardiac electrophysiologic studies. Sinus node function was abnormal in three @entity1 . This investigation provides the first secure evidence of @entity37493 . The involvement is represented by relatively high susceptibility to induced @entity955 during electrophysiologic study, together with less frequent evidence of abnormal sinus node function and abnormal AV node or infranodal conduction.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: XXXX : evidence for selective, genetic electrophysiologic cardiac involvement.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4094 :: ('MESH:D009468', 'Disease') :: ['neuromuscular disorder']

entities_list: @entity12654 :: ('MESH:D020389', 'Disease') :: ['Emery-Dreifuss dystrophy']

entities_list: @entity3986 :: ('MESH:D009136', 'Disease') :: ['Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy', 'facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy']

entities_list: @entity37493 :: ('MESH:C563247', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac involvement in facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['autosomal dominant disorder']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['Atrial flutter or fibrillation', 'atrial flutter or fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart disease']

entities_list: @entity912 :: ('MESH:D010243', 'Disease') :: ['atrial paralysis']

answer: @entity3986 :: (MESH:D009136,Disease) :: ['Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy']


abstract: According to some published reports, simple repeats can modulate gene transcription. The ability of (AC)n and ( @entity1129 )n sequences to modulate gene expression in @entity526 was investigated. These repeats were inserted in the leader sequence, in its 3' uncoding region, and in both these sites. When simple sequences were inserted in the leader sequence, gene expression was the highest for constructions containing 40 bp insertion. An increase in the insertion length led to a decrease in the gene expression. The (AC)20 sequence insertions in a 3' uncoding site of @entity37907 gene did not notably change its expression. Gene expression was much more modified by inserting the simple sequences on both sites of @entity37907 gene. @entity37907 gene expression depended on the ratio of simple sequence lengths in its 5' and 3' uncoding sites. It was the highest when (AC)n sequence in the gene leader sequence or its 3' uncoding region was 40 bp. Gene expression modulation by simple sequence is assumed to be associated with the DNA lability increase.

title: [Effect of simple repeats (AC)n and ( XXXX )n on chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene expression in @entity526 ].

answer: @entity1129 :: (MESH:D001260,Disease) :: ['AT']


abstract: The effect of @entity1068 on the thermodynamic properties on two anionic amphiphilic penicillins, @entity5152 and @entity11764 , has been investigated. @entity5152 and @entity11764 are two molecules that are similar structurally, differing only by an additional @entity3878 atom on the @entity15060 ring of @entity11764 . The penicillins can be considered as hydrotropes if we considered that the term comprises hydrophilic and hydrophobic moieties that form aggregates by a stacking mechanism as is the case of both penicillins. By means of ultrasound velocities and densities, we have calculated the apparent molar volumes and adiabatic compressibilities. The critical concentrations, cc, and partition coefficients, K, have been determined, the latter using an indirect method based on the pseudophase model with the help of apparent molar data. This method has the advantage of allowing one to calculate the distribution coefficients at concentrations of the solubilizate below the saturation. The standard molar energy of Gibbs change, DeltaG0, on transfer from the aqueous to the micelar phase was calculated from the partition coefficient. The effect of the @entity167 involves a slight decrease of the critical concentration because of a headgroup repulsion decrease. The enthalpies of dilution of @entity11764 in a mixture of water and 15% w/v of @entity1068 were calculated. The aggregation process is more exothermic in @entity1068 that in pure water.

title: Thermodynamic study of the effect of XXXX on two amphiphilic penicillins.

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity5152 :: ('MESH:D003023', 'Chemical') :: ['Cloxacillin', 'cloxacillin']

entities_list: @entity3878 :: ('MESH:D002713', 'Chemical') :: ['chlorine']

entities_list: @entity11764 :: ('MESH:D004009', 'Chemical') :: ['dicloxacillin']

answer: @entity1068 :: (MESH:D000431,Chemical) :: ['ethanol']


abstract: Evidence of dynamic development of cytokeratin (CK) 18-positive disseminated @entity5 cells in bone marrow of curatively resected @entity5 @entity1 has implicated a subclinical @entity41 as a biologically relevant component in solid @entity5 . However, differentiation between irrelevant shed cells and those cells potentially capable of causing later recurrence has not yet been made. In parallel, accumulating data show functional association of the @entity2290 ( @entity2290 ) system and the membranous @entity10431 ( @entity2290 -R) with the capacity of a @entity5 cell for invasion and @entity3 . The present study was designed to find descriptive evidence in vivo concerning whether @entity10431 could be one potential characteristic for metastatically relevant phenotypes of disseminated @entity5 cells. An immunocytochemical double staining for @entity10431 and @entity2873 (immunogold/alkaline phosphatase anti-alkaline phosphatase) was performed on perioperative and follow-up bone marrow aspirations of 78 curatively resected @entity356 @entity1 , if positive @entity5 cell status had been shown previously with the single alkaline phosphatase anti-alkaline phosphatase method. Bone marrow cells (10(6)) were examined in each assay. Postoperative qualitative and quantitative development of @entity2290 -R-expressing disseminated @entity5 cells was followed in relation to @entity2290 -R-negative cells and correlated with later clinical relapse. Double staining could be performed perioperatively or in follow-up, or both, in 58 of 78 @entity1 . Expression of @entity10431 on perioperatively disseminated @entity5 cells significantly correlated with later quantitative increases of @entity5 cells (P = 0.0009). Overall median @entity5 cell numbers with @entity10431 expression significantly increased during follow-up from a median value of 5.5 to 10.0 in 10(6) cells (P = 0.008), and the mean relative percentage of @entity2290 -R-positive, compared with @entity2290 -R-negative, disseminated @entity5 cells also increased, from 47.9% at surgery to 68.6% in follow-up (P < 0.001). This was mainly due to @entity1 with @entity5 relapse (increase from 63.9 to 80.7%, P = 0.001). @entity1 without relapse showed slight increases at lower percentage levels (5.7% at surgery, 7.4% in follow-up). Differences for relapsing @entity1 were significant (surgery, P = 0.006; follow-up, P < 0.001). Our results suggest from an in vivo model that @entity10431 may be one antigen that enables identification and follow-up observations of metastatically relevant phenotypes of disseminated @entity5 cells, differentiating their individual potential for causing relapse.

title: @entity10431 ( XXXX ): one potential characteristic of metastatic phenotypes in minimal @entity41 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity41 :: ('MESH:D018365', 'Disease') :: ['minimal residual disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'later tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity2290 :: ('5328', 'Gene') :: ['urokinase plasminogen activator', 'uPA']

answer: @entity10431 :: (5329,Gene) :: ['uPA-R']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study was performed to determine the characteristics and mechanism of @entity101 in SHR/NDmcr-cp(+/+) @entity35 (SHRcp), a new model of @entity209 , with a focus on the autonomic nervous system, @entity1369 , and @entity1808 . METHODS AND RESULTS: We measured arterial blood pressure (BP) in SHRcp by radiotelemetry combined with spectral analysis using a fast Fourier transformation algorithm and examined the effect of @entity6290 , an AT1 receptor blocker. Compared with control @entity35 -Kyoto @entity35 (WKY) and SHR, SHRcp exhibited a nondipper-type @entity101 and displayed increased urinary @entity1063 excretion and increased urinary and plasma @entity1369 levels. Compared with WKY and SHR, SHRcp were characterized by an increase in the low-frequency power (LF) of systolic BP and a decrease in spontaneous baroreflex gain (sBRG), indicating @entity5433 . Thus, SHRcp are regarded as a useful model of @entity1 @entity101 with @entity209 . Oral administration of @entity6290 once daily persistently lowered BP during the light period (inactive phase) and the dark period (active phase) in SHRcp more than in WKY and SHR. Thus, @entity1808 seems to be involved in the mechanism of disrupted diurnal BP rhythm in SHRcp. @entity6290 significantly reduced urinary @entity1063 and @entity1369 excretion and significantly increased urinary @entity1372 excretion in SHRcp. Furthermore, @entity6290 significantly reduced LF of systolic BP and significantly increased sBRG in SHRcp. CONCLUSIONS: These results strongly suggest that impairment of autonomic function and increased @entity1369 in SHRcp mediate the effect of @entity1808 on circadian blood pressure rhythms.

title: Novel mechanism for disrupted circadian blood pressure rhythm in a @entity35 model of XXXX --the critical role of @entity1808 .

entities_list: @entity1369 :: ('MESH:D000450', 'Chemical') :: ['aldosterone']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity6290 :: ('MESH:C521273', 'Chemical') :: ['azilsartan', 'Azilsartan']

entities_list: @entity5433 :: ('MESH:C563939', 'Disease') :: ['autonomic dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['norepinephrine']

answer: @entity209 :: (MESH:D008659,Disease) :: ['metabolic syndrome']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1600 ( @entity1600 ) has become a standard for axillary staging for early @entity0 @entity1 . Prior studies suggest that @entity1600 may be more sensitive for the identification of @entity1600 than axillary lymph node dissection (ALND). We hypothesized that @entity1600 use increases the incidence of node-positivity in early @entity0 @entity1 compared to ALND. Furthermore, survival improves due to more accurate staging (stage migration). METHODS: Registry data from an NCI-designated @entity5 center was reviewed for @entity0 @entity1 with T1 and T2 @entity5 for two 5-year periods: before (1993-1997) and after (2000-2004) @entity1600 implementation (1998). TNM staging was updated to conform to American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) 2003 guidelines. RESULTS: There were no differences in @entity5 size or stage groupings between the two time periods (n = 316 and 577). There was a non-significant increase in the proportion of @entity1 with lymph node involvement (32 vs. 27%; P = .16) after @entity1600 implementation; though a trend of increased incidence of single-node positive @entity1 was observed (13 vs. 8%; P = .07). This was significant in @entity1 with @entity16823 /T1B @entity5 (10 vs. 3%; P = .04), though not seen in @entity39224 or T2 @entity5 . Stage II survival improved in the later time period (P = .02). CONCLUSIONS: The increase in single-node positivity after @entity1600 implementation supports the theory that @entity1600 is more sensitive than ALND. Improvements in survival are likely due to the stage migration of @entity1 who would have been node-negative by ALND (but were found to be node-positive by @entity1600 ) in addition to improvements in adjuvant therapy.

title: Upstaging and improved survival of early @entity0 XXXX after implementation of sentinel node biopsy for axillary staging.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1600 :: ('MESH:D014388', 'Disease') :: ['SLNB', 'Sentinel lymph node biopsy', 'lymph node disease']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: @entity1652 spectrum disorder (NMOsd) is a group of @entity17 recently redefined and associated with NMO-IgG/anti- @entity3951 antibodies. Because NMOsd is of unknown prevalence worldwide, we conducted a retrospective, cross-sectional study of 850 @entity1 with @entity17 hospitalized in North East Tuscany from 1998 to 2006 to examine the prevalence of NMO and related disorders among unselected consecutive neurological @entity1 with @entity32 and to evaluate the clinical phenotype spectrum of identified cases. Clinical data were updated after at least 2 years of follow-up. An immunofluorescence technique was used to detect NMO-IgG on @entity35 brain tissue. Sera from other 828 neurological @entity1 , 65 non-neurological @entity1 and 50 healthy donors served as controls. The prevalence of NMOsd was 1.5%, with a MS:NMOsd ratio of 42.7. Among 13 NMOsd @entity1 , 77% had long spinal cord lesions, 38% had severe @entity7995 and 23% had @entity75 . Only 56% had clinically definite NMO at follow-up. The final EDSS score ranged from 1 to 10, mainly depending on brainstem involvement occurrence. Our findings confirm a low prevalence of NMO and related @entity17 in a Caucasian population. Moreover, this study demonstrates an unexpectedly high prevalence of limited and atypical variants of this disease, not previously documented.

title: Prevalence of XXXX spectrum disorder and phenotype distribution.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory CNS diseases']

entities_list: @entity17 :: ('MESH:D003711', 'Disease') :: ['disorders among demyelinating inflammatory diseases', 'demyelinating disorders']

entities_list: @entity1652 :: ('MESH:D009471', 'Disease') :: ['Neuromyelitis optica']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain or brainstem lesions']

entities_list: @entity7995 :: ('MESH:D009902', 'Disease') :: ['optic neuritis']

answer: @entity1652 :: (MESH:D009471,Disease) :: ['neuromyelitis optica']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: In 2007, Medicare guidelines were established to identify @entity1 at risk for the presence of an @entity1028 ( @entity1028 ). The purpose of this study is to evaluate the 5-year outcomes of an @entity1028 screening program in a regional Veterans Affairs (VA) health care system. METHODS: Data were extracted from a regional VA health care network identifying all veteran males 65 to 75 years of age who smoked at least 100 cigarettes during their lifetime. In 2007, an @entity1028 screening mandate was implemented allowing @entity1 meeting screening criteria to be evaluated for @entity1028 as part of the @entity1 's health maintenance. @entity1028 is identified as an aortic diameter size of 3.0 cm or greater. Clinician adherence to screening protocols and referral to a vascular surgeon for @entity439 >5.5 cm were also evaluated. RESULTS: A total of 9751 @entity1 (71.5    5.6 standard deviation years of age) were screened for an @entity1028 over a 5-year period from January 1, 2007 to December 31, 2011. A total of 698 @entity439 (7.1%) were found. Referrals to a vascular surgeon were made on 45 @entity1 with @entity439 >5.5 cm. Over a 5-year period, a total of 2754 @entity1 (28.2%) were inappropriately screened: 416 @entity1 were under 65 years old, 2243 @entity1 were over 75 years old, 36 @entity1 were @entity1 , and 123 @entity1 without @entity439 had multiple screenings. In 2007, during the first year of implementation, 39.2% of @entity1 were inappropriately screened. Over the next 4 years, inappropriate screenings decreased with 33.7% in 2008, 28.6% in 2009, 17.7% in 2010, and 14.3% in 2011. CONCLUSIONS: A large @entity1028 screening program at the VA detects more @entity439 , but at smaller diameters than that published in clinical trials. Over time, the number of inappropriate @entity1028 screenings has continued to decrease, demonstrating greater awareness and application of the @entity1028 screening guidelines by primary care providers. Developing surveillance guidelines for small and medium @entity439 is a potential area for future research.

title: Outcomes of an XXXX screening program.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms']

entities_list: @entity1028 :: ('MESH:D017544', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal aortic aneurysm', 'AAA']

answer: @entity1028 :: (MESH:D017544,Disease) :: ['abdominal aortic aneurysm']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity189 ( @entity189 ) has a poor prognosis and the prognostic factors in these @entity1 are not well established. Furthermore, there are no selection criteria for @entity1 who should benefit from chemotherapy. METHODS: The medical records of 179 @entity189 @entity1 who were treated at Taipei Veterans General Hospital from 2000 to 2009 were reviewed. Factors associated with survival were determined by Kaplan-Meier analysis. Differences between the groups with and without palliative chemotherapy were analyzed. RESULTS: Univariate analysis revealed multiple prognostic factors, including performance status, lung metastasis, number of metastatic organs, serum albumin, corrected serum @entity460 , @entity880 dehydrogenase (LDH), @entity1372 , and @entity165 levels, palliative chemotherapy, and white blood cell and lymphocyte counts. Multivariate analysis showed that performance status < 2, serum albumin level >=  3.5 g/dl, corrected serum @entity460 level < 10.7 mg/dl, single metastatic organ, and palliative chemotherapy were independent factors of better prognosis. @entity1 with better performance status, higher serum albumin, and lower serum LDH levels had significantly greater benefit from palliative chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: Certain @entity1 with unfavorable @entity189 will have better survival. Identification of @entity1 with unfavorable @entity189 who could benefit from palliative chemotherapy warrants future prospective studies.

title: Evaluation of prognostic factors and the role of chemotherapy in unfavorable XXXX of unknown primary site: a 10-year cohort study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['Carcinoma of unknown primary site', 'CUP']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['carcinoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the role of apoptosis and the expression of apoptosis-related genes @entity9699 ( @entity9699 ), Fas, @entity185 and @entity4699 in an animal model of @entity7936 ( @entity7936 ). METHODS: An experimental progressive @entity7936 model was established by feeding male C57BL6/J @entity19 with a high fat, @entity1853 - @entity1877 deficient ( @entity2826 -) diet for two days, five days, ten days, three weeks and eight weeks. Control @entity19 were fed @entity1853 - @entity1877 supplemented ( @entity2826 +) diet. @entity1560 , @entity32 and @entity82 were graded by examining their H and E stained liver sections. Hepatocyte apoptosis was detected by TUNEL assay. Expressions of mRNA and protein of @entity9699 , Fas and @entity4699 were performed by quantitative real time RT-PCR and Western blot. @entity185 activity assay was conducted using ApoAlert @entity185 assay kit. RESULTS: In @entity2826 - @entity19 , minimal @entity1560 was observed at day 5, and by day 10, mild @entity1560 with inflammatory infiltration was found. Severe @entity1560 was noted at week 3, and @entity82 at week 8. TUNEL assay showed that apoptotic index in @entity2826 - group was higher than that in @entity2826 + group at week 3 (15.59%+/-4.87% vs 5.17%+/-3.19%, P less than 0.05) and at week 8 (11.29%+/-3.22% vs 5.41%+/-1.54%, P less than 0.05). Compared to @entity2826 + group, the expression of @entity9699 was dramatically increased on day 10 and in week 3 in @entity2826 - @entity19 both at the mRNA and protein levels (P less than 0.05 and P less than 0.01). Expression of Fas mRNA was up-regulated in weeks 3 and 8 (P less than 0.01), and expression of Fas in protein level was higher at week 8 (P less than 0.01) in @entity2826 - group. Expression of @entity4699 significantly increased at the mRNA level at week 3 and week 8 (P less than 0.01 and P less than 0.05 respectively) and at the protein level at week 8 (P less than 0.05) in @entity2826 - group. In all of the time points except for day 5, @entity185 activities were significantly more enhanced in @entity2826 - group than that in @entity2826 + group (P less than 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In our experimental @entity7936 model, hepatic apoptosis was frequently detected. Increased apoptosis was probably attributable to up-regulation of apoptosis-related genes, such as @entity9699 /Fas system, and activation of the caspase pathway. These changes may provoke hepatic apoptosis and the development of @entity32 and @entity82 .

title: [The role of apoptosis and the related genes in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity1560 :: ('MESH:D005234', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic steatosis', 'Hepatic steatosis', 'steatohepatitis', 'steatosis']

entities_list: @entity7936 :: ('MESH:D005235', 'Disease') :: ['NASH', 'non-alcoholic steatohepatitis']

entities_list: @entity1853 :: ('MESH:D008715', 'Chemical') :: ['methionine']

answer: @entity7936 :: (MESH:D005235,Disease) :: ['non-alcoholic steatohepatitis']


abstract: To study kidney antigens involved in the formation of glomerular subepithelial immune deposits in passive @entity8157 polypeptides of 500, 130 and 105 kDa were isolated from @entity35 kidney brush border (BB) membrane fraction using preparative @entity2975 gel electrophoresis. Polyclonal antibodies raised against these proteins were specific for their respective antigens in immunoblotting. All three antisera bound to proximal tubular BB of kidney and to apical surfaces of several other epithelia as shown by indirect immunofluorescence on frozen sections of normal @entity35 tissues. The anti-500 kDa and anti-105 kDa, but not the anti-130 kDa, antibodies also stained glomeruli and the anti-105 kDa antibodies also endothelial cells. After injection into rats the anti-500 kDa IgG bound to kidney glomeruli forming diffuse, granular deposits of rabbit IgG along the glomerular capillary walls, as shown by direct immunofluorescence. In electron microscopy the immune deposits were subepithelial and electron dense. The deposits remained in glomeruli for at least 60 days and increased with time. Deposits of C3 were not detected and @entity644 did not develop. The anti-130 kDa and the anti-105 kDa IgGs did not form glomerular deposits after in vivo injections. The results suggest that the 500 kDa and the 105 kDa proteins or related antigens are present in glomeruli and the 500 kDa protein is located on the epithelial side of the glomerular basement membrane. Circulating antibodies can bind to the 500 kDa protein forming immune complexes which rearrange and form electron dense deposits. The results further demonstrate that preparative gel electrophoresis is a useful technique for the isolation of kidney proteins of immunopathologic interest.

title: Preparative @entity2975 gel electrophoresis in the isolation of the nephritogenic proteins of passive XXXX .

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity2975 :: ('CHEBI:51135', 'Chemical') :: ['polyacrylamide']

entities_list: @entity8157 :: ('MESH:D015433', 'Disease') :: ['Heymann nephritis']

answer: @entity8157 :: (MESH:D015433,Disease) :: ['Heymann nephritis']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Iontophoresis transcutaneously delivers anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs for the treatment of @entity85 . @entity3303 is a local anaesthetic with analgesic but no anti-inflammatory properties. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the clinical use of @entity3303 iontophoresis-mediated @entity1337 in a larger treatment algorithm for five @entity1 with lateral @entity34129 . METHOD: The investigation was a case series design of five subjects, aged 52 (+/- 6) years, with epicondylalgia of 12-393 days' duration. At each treatment session, the @entity1 received cryotherapy, cross-fibre massage and passive stretch. Between sessions @entity1337 was provided by an 80 mA-min low-current, long-duration @entity3303 iontophoresis (LI) over a 24-hour period. @entity1 were treated on an every-other-day basis for a total of three treatment sessions. Clinical improvements were determined by triplicate measurements of dolorimetric force over the affected epicondyle prior to treatment 1 (baseline), prior to sessions 2 and 3, and one week following the last session. RESULTS: @entity1 demonstrated an increasing tolerance to dolorimetric force application prior to the next session. The force values prior to session 2 (3.1 (+/- 1.1) Newton (N)) and one week following the third session (3.4 (+/- 0.5) N) were significantly improved from the baseline values (2.1 (+/- 0.9) N). CONCLUSIONS: @entity158 associated with @entity5251 decreased, and function improved in all @entity1 at the final measurement. One @entity1 returned during the 90-day follow-up period to seek additional medical attention. This investigation documents the potential for @entity1337 provided by LI in the rehabilitation process of @entity85 .

title: XXXX iontophoresis mediates @entity1337 in @entity5251 treatment.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1337 :: ('MESH:D000699', 'Disease') :: ['analgesia']

entities_list: @entity3303 :: ('MESH:D008012', 'Chemical') :: ['Lidocaine', 'lidocaine']

entities_list: @entity34129 :: ('MESH:D006810', 'Disease') :: ['humeral epicondylalgia']

entities_list: @entity5251 :: ('MESH:D010509', 'Disease') :: ['lateral epicondylalgia']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['musculoskeletal dysfunction']

answer: @entity3303 :: (MESH:D008012,Chemical) :: ['Lidocaine']


abstract: A drug-use evaluation (DUE) of @entity6058 injection is described. Pharmacists at a 663-bed university hospital saved all new orders for @entity6058 injection (except those from the operating, recovery, and emergency rooms) for five weeks. If an order was not in compliance with the DUE criteria, the DUE pharmacist contacted the prescriber to recommend a change. Fifty-two orders were evaluated. The daily dose exceeded that in the criteria in seven @entity1 (13%). Conditions under which the product should be used with extra caution were present in eight @entity1 (15%). Twelve @entity1 (23%) received the drug for more than five days. Five @entity1 (10%) had possible @entity6058 -associated adverse effects. The pharmacist's concurrent interventions improved prescribing for correct dosage and facilitated discontinuation of the agent in high-risk @entity1 . After follow-up educational efforts, a second audit in 28 @entity1 showed further improvements in prescribing for correct dosage, but 25% of the @entity1 received the drug for more than five days. No adverse effects were reported. A 72-hour automatic stop-order policy was implemented, and the fraction of @entity1 receiving the drug for more than five days fell to 3% (of 223 pharmacy profiles reviewed). Three @entity1 had apparent @entity6058 -induced adverse effects. Educational efforts and adoption of a 72-hour stop-order policy decreased the duration of @entity6058 injection therapy and the use of inappropriately large dosages and may have decreased the frequency of @entity6058 -induced adverse effects.

title: XXXX injection use in a university hospital.

entities_list: @entity6058 :: ('MESH:D020910', 'Chemical') :: ['ketorolac']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity6058 :: (MESH:D020910,Chemical) :: ['Ketorolac']


abstract: Following a prior Kentucky clinical practice study on @entity209 , serum @entity413 and lipid levels were used in a new sample to determine whether after correcting for confounding factors, @entity1037 @entity407 risk may be higher under naturalistic non-randomized treatment. Serum @entity413 , total @entity165 , HDL @entity165 and @entity412 levels were assessed in 360 @entity1 with severe mental illnesses. The initial goal was to focus on @entity1037 lipid profiles, but visual data inspection indicated that @entity1089 needed attention as well. @entity1 were divided into 3 groups: 57 (16%) on @entity1037 , 105 (29%) on @entity1089 , and 198 (55%) on other antipsychotics ( @entity1090 , @entity1280 , @entity1770 or typicals). HDL and @entity413 levels were not significantly different across the three antipsychotic groups. When compared with other antipsychotics, @entity1037 @entity1 had a borderline significantly higher mean total serum @entity165 level (178 vs. 192 mg/dl, p=0.06) and mean @entity412 level (172 vs. 202 mg/dl, p=0.06). These differences became significant (p=0.006 and 0.03) after correcting for confounders. @entity1089 appeared overprescribed in @entity1 with @entity14079 . When compared with other antipsychotics, @entity1089 @entity1 had a significantly higher mean total serum @entity165 level (178 vs. 194 mg/dl, p=0.004) and mean @entity412 level (172 vs. 225 mg/dl, p<0.001). These differences were significant (p=0.02 and <0.001) after correcting for confounders. This study is consistent with emerging literature that suggests that some antipsychotics may have direct and immediate effects on lipid levels beyond @entity28 effects. The effect sizes of @entity1037 and @entity1089 on @entity407 were about 0.40 in this naturalistic study.

title: A clinical study of the association of antipsychotics with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity407 :: ('MESH:D006949', 'Disease') :: ['hyperlipidemia']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity1280 :: ('MESH:C092292', 'Chemical') :: ['ziprasidone']

entities_list: @entity1089 :: ('MESH:C069541', 'Chemical') :: ['quetiapine', 'Quetiapine']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity14079 :: ('MESH:D020739', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic syndrome complications']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1037 :: ('MESH:C076029', 'Chemical') :: ['olanzapine']

entities_list: @entity1770 :: ('MESH:C094645', 'Chemical') :: ['aripiprazole']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

entities_list: @entity1090 :: ('MESH:D018967', 'Chemical') :: ['risperidone']

answer: @entity407 :: (MESH:D006949,Disease) :: ['hyperlipidemia']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Mitral valve combined with coronary artery surgery is associated with a higher hospital mortality than each operation in particular. Controversy exists regarding the predictive value of @entity63 ( @entity339 ) on outcome. METHODS: Between 1984 and 1997, 262 @entity1 underwent mitral valve operations (replacement, n = 198; repair, n = 64) in combination with coronary revascularization. The etiology of @entity339 was secondary to @entity741 (group I) in 82 (31%) @entity1 , and non- @entity63 (group II) in 180 (69%) @entity1 (rheumatic, 139 @entity1 (53%); degenerative, 41 @entity1 (16%)). Both groups were similar in age, cardiac risk factors and pulmonary artery pressure. @entity1 of group I had significantly more severe @entity453 , more often an impaired left ventricle and @entity583 , and were in a worse functional condition. The mean number of bypass grafts was significantly higher in group I. The follow-up was 98% (230/234 @entity1 ). RESULTS: With 19.5%, the hospital mortality was significantly increased in group I compared with 6.7% in group II (P = 0.002; overall, 10.7%). Mitral valve repair or replacement had no influence on early outcome, although mitral valve repair was performed more often in group I (37 versus 19%). The survival (valve-related event-free survival) after discharge from hospital in the 1st, 5th and 10th year was 94 (94%), 70 (66%) and 53% (35%) in group I and 96 (95%), 79 (76%) and 54% (41%) in group II, respectively. The long-term functional capacity was equally good in both groups (New York Heart Association mean, 1.86 versus 1.72). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with @entity63 @entity339 are in a worse cardiac condition with significantly higher hospital mortality than @entity1 with non- @entity63 @entity339 and coronary artery bypass grafting. Once discharged from hospital, both groups have comparable long-term outcomes, with the best results in @entity1 with @entity179 .

title: Combined mitral valve and coronary artery surgery: XXXX versus non- @entity63 .

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic mitral valve disease', 'ischemic']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['degenerative MVD']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic heart disease']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['ischemic']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Hormone suppression has been the primary modality of treatment for @entity263 . However long-term @entity342 deprivation may induce @entity342 -independent (AI) recurrence. Intermittent @entity342 suppression (IAS) is a potential way to delay or avoid the AI relapse. Mathematical models of @entity5 growth and treatment are simple while they are capable of capturing the essence of complicated interactions. Game theory models have analyzed that @entity5 cells can enhance their fitness by adopting genetically determined survival strategies. In this paper, we consider the survival strategies as the competitive advantage of @entity5 cells and propose a new model to mimic the @entity263 growth in IAS therapy. Then we investigate the competition effect in @entity5 development by numerical simulations. The results indicate that successfully IAS-controlled states can be achieved even though the net growth rate of AI cells is positive for any @entity342 level. There is crucial difference between the previous models and the new one in the phase diagram of successful and unsuccessful @entity5 control by IAS administration, which means that the suggestions from the models for medication can be different. Furthermore we introduce quadratic logistic terms to the competition model to simulate the @entity5 growth in the environment with a finite carrying capacity considering the nutrients or inhibitors. The simulations show that the @entity5 growth can reach an equilibrium state or an oscillatory state with the net growth rate of AI cells being @entity342 independent. Our results suggest that the competition and the restraint of a limited environment can enhance the possibility of relapse prevention.

title: @entity263 growth under intermittent XXXX suppression.

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer', 'prostate tumor']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen']

answer: @entity342 :: (CHEBI:50113,Chemical) :: ['androgen']