abstract: Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive kidney transplant recipients have increased liver-related mortality. The impact of @entity16332 treatment on @entity1 survival, the optimal time to start treatment, and the feasibility of discontinuing treatment have not been determined. This study examined these issues with a novel management protocol. Serum @entity1956 virus (HBV) DNA levels were measured serially in HBsAg-positive kidney transplant recipients, and @entity16332 was administered preemptively to @entity1 with increasing @entity97 DNA levels with or without elevation of aminotransferase levels. Outcomes of @entity1 who underwent transplantation before or after institution of this preemptive management strategy (in January 1996) were compared. Eleven de novo @entity1 (91.7%) who underwent transplantation between 1996 and 2000 and 15 existing @entity1 (39.5%) who underwent transplantation between 1983 and 1995 received preemptive @entity16332 therapy for 32.6 +/- 13.3 months. The treatment criteria were met by de novo @entity1 at 8.4 +/- 6.2 months (range, 1-18 months) after transplantation. Suppression of @entity97 DNA and normalization of aminotransferase levels were achieved in all treated @entity1 , and 21.4% had @entity1956 e antigen (HBeAg) seroconversion. The survival of preemptively managed de novo transplant @entity1 was similar to that of HBsAg-negative controls, whereas HBsAg-positive @entity1 who underwent transplantation before January 1996 had inferior survival (relative risk of @entity204 , 9.7 [P <.001]; relative risk of liver-related mortality, 68.0 [P <.0001]). Eleven @entity1 (40.7%) developed @entity16332 resistance. Discontinuation of @entity16332 was attempted in 12 low-risk @entity1 after stabilization and was successful in 5 (41.7%). In conclusion, preemptive @entity16332 therapy based on serial @entity97 DNA levels and clinical monitoring improved the survival of HBsAg-positive renal allograft recipients. Treatment can be discontinued safely in selected @entity1 after stabilization to minimize the selection of drug-resistant @entity97 mutants.

title: Preemptive XXXX therapy based on @entity97 DNA level in HBsAg-positive kidney allograft recipients.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity16332 :: ('MESH:D019259', 'Chemical') :: ['lamivudine']

entities_list: @entity1956 :: ('MESH:D006509', 'Disease') :: ['hepatitis B']

answer: @entity16332 :: (MESH:D019259,Chemical) :: ['lamivudine']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity2414 after @entity64 in young adults is poorly understood. In elderly @entity64 survivors @entity2414 and the concomitant loss of hippocampal volume are usually explained by coexisting @entity179 (e.g., amyloid pathology) in interaction with @entity64 . However, @entity179 , such as amyloid pathology, is generally absent at young age. Accumulating evidence suggests that @entity1188 itself may cause secondary @entity179 in remote areas. Therefore, we investigated the relation between long-term memory performance and hippocampal volume in young @entity1 with first-ever @entity385 . We studied all consecutive first-ever @entity385 @entity1 , aged 18-50 years, admitted to our academic hospital center between 1980 and 2010. Episodic memory of 173 @entity1 was assessed using the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test and the Rey Complex Figure and compared with 87 @entity64 -free controls. Hippocampal volume was determined using FSL-FIRST, with manual correction. On average 10 years after @entity64 , @entity1 had smaller ipsilateral hippocampal volumes compared with controls after left-hemispheric @entity64 (5.4%) and right-hemispheric @entity64 (7.7%), with most apparent @entity2414 after left-hemispheric @entity64 . A larger hemispheric @entity64 was associated with a smaller ipsilateral hippocampal volume (b=-0.003, P<0.0001). Longer follow-up duration was associated with smaller ipsilateral hippocampal volume after left-hemispheric @entity64 (b=-0.028 ml, P=0.002) and right-hemispheric @entity64 (b=-0.015 ml, P=0.03). Our results suggest that @entity1188 is associated with remote injury to the hippocampus, which may lower or expedite the threshold for @entity73 or even @entity303 later in life. Hum Brain Mapp 36:2432-2442, 2015.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Ipsilateral hippocampal atrophy is associated with long-term @entity2414 after XXXX in young adults.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarction']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['neurodegeneration', 'neurodegenerative disease']

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['memory dysfunctioning', 'memory impairments', 'Memory impairment']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity385 :: (MESH:D002544,Disease) :: ['ischemic stroke']


abstract: Object Although @entity976 are @entity5 , their high recurrence rates and intimate associations with surrounding @entity531 make gross @entity5 resection challenging. Stereotactic radiosurgery has been introduced as a valuable adjuvant therapy for recurrent or @entity976 . However, studies with large @entity1 populations documenting long-term survival and progression-free survival rates are rare in the literature. The current study aims to report the long-term radiosurgical results and to define the prognostic factors in a large cohort of @entity1 with a @entity976 . Methods A total of 137 consecutive @entity1 who underwent 162 sessions of Gamma Knife surgery (GKS) treatments at the Taipei Veterans General Hospital between 1993 and 2012 were analyzed. The @entity1 ' median age was 30.1 years (range 1.5-84.9 years), and the median @entity5 volume was 5.5 ml (range 0.2-28.4 ml). There were 23 solid (16.8%), 23 cystic (16.8%), and 91 mixed solid and cystic (66.4%) @entity976 . GKS was indicated for residual or recurrent @entity976 . The median radiation dose was 12 Gy (range 9.5-16.0 Gy) at a median isodose line of 55% (range 50%-78%). Results At a median imaging follow-up of 45.7 months after GKS, the rates of @entity5 control were 72.7%, 73.9%, and 66.3% for the solid, cystic, and @entity5 , respectively. The actuarial progression-free survival rates plotted by the Kaplan-Meier method were 70.0% and 43.8% at 5 and 10 years after radiosurgery, respectively. After repeated GKS, the actuarial progression-free survival rates were increased to 77.3% and 61.2% at 5 and 10 years, respectively. The overall survival rates were 91.5% and 83.9% at the 5- and 10-year follow-ups, respectively. Successful GKS treatment can be predicted by @entity5 volume (p = 0.011). Among the 137 @entity1 who had clinical follow-up, new-onset or worsened @entity4611 were detected in 11 @entity1 (8.0%). Two @entity1 without @entity5 growth had a worsened visual field, and 1 @entity1 had a new onset of third @entity129 . Conclusions The current study suggests that GKS is a relatively safe modality for the treatment of recurrent or @entity976 , and it is associated with improved @entity5 control and reduced in-field recurrence rates. Acceptable rates of complications occurred.

title: Gamma Knife surgery for XXXX : report on a 20-year experience.

entities_list: @entity129 :: ('MESH:D003389', 'Disease') :: ['cranial nerve palsy']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'benign intracranial tumors', 'mixed tumors']

entities_list: @entity4611 :: ('MESH:D010900', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary deficiencies']

entities_list: @entity976 :: ('MESH:D003397', 'Disease') :: ['craniopharyngiomas', 'residual craniopharyngiomas', 'craniopharyngioma']

entities_list: @entity531 :: ('MESH:D013901', 'Disease') :: ['neurovascular structures']

answer: @entity976 :: (MESH:D003397,Disease) :: ['craniopharyngioma']


abstract: @entity6026 is a proinflammatory cytokine produced by leukocytes and parenchymal cells (eg, tubular epithelial cells (TECs), mesangial cells, and podocytes). @entity6026 receptor (IL-18R) is expressed on these cells in the kidney during @entity63 /reperfusion injury (IRI), but its role in this injury is unknown. Fas/Fas ligand ( @entity9699 ) is also involved in the pathogenesis of @entity8 via tubular apoptosis. In addition, @entity6026 enhances the expression of @entity9699 on TECs, but the mechanism underlying this enhancement is not known. Here we used IL-18Ra-deficient @entity19 to explore the pathological role of IL-18Ra in @entity8 . We found that compared to @entity164 ( @entity164 ) @entity19 with @entity8 as an @entity810 ( @entity810 ), the IL-18Ra-deficient @entity19 demonstrated @entity177 (as represented by blood urea @entity1568 ), tubular damage, an increased accumulation of leukocytes (CD4+ T cells, neutrophils, and macrophages), upregulated early @entity810 biomarkers (ie, urinary @entity8 molecule-1 levels), and increased mRNA expressions of proinflammatory cytokines ( @entity635 , @entity12782 , and @entity6026 ) and chemokines ( @entity8024 and @entity1750 / @entity1750 ). The mRNA expression of @entity9699 in the kidney was increased in the IL-18Ra-deficient @entity19 compared to the @entity164 @entity19 . The adoptive transfer of splenocytes by @entity164 @entity19 led to decreased @entity8 compared to the IL-18Ra-deficient @entity19 . In vitro, the mRNA expression of @entity9699 on TECs was promoted in the presence of recombinant @entity6026 . These data reveal that IL-18Ra has an anti-inflammatory effect in IRI-induced @entity810 . Above all, @entity6026 enhanced the inflammatory mechanisms and the apoptosis of TECs through the Fas/ @entity9699 pathway by blocking IL-18Ra.Laboratory Investigation advance online publication, 20 October 2014; doi:10.1038/labinvest.2014.120.

title: The pathological role of IL-18Ra in XXXX /reperfusion injury.

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['kidney injury', 'renal IRI']

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity1750 :: ('20296(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['monocyte chemoattractant protein-1', 'CCL2']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['decreased renal function']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['AKI', 'acute kidney injury']

entities_list: @entity8024 :: ('15894(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['intercellular adhesion molecule-1']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['renal ischemia']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To investigate the potential association of @entity2533 @entity12172 ( @entity20519 ), @entity60244 ( @entity11201 ), and @entity65655 ( @entity65850 ) polymorphisms with susceptibility to @entity2521 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Several electronic databases were searched for eligible articles. Odds ratios (ORs) along with their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to assess the strength of relationship between the @entity2533 polymorphisms and @entity2521 risk. RESULTS: Eleven studies were searched without any language restriction. Pooled estimates showed that @entity2533 @entity12172 polymorphism was associated with decreased risk of @entity2521 . Subgroup analysis revealed that @entity12172 T allele was associated with decreased risk of @entity7278 ( @entity7278 ) in Asians (T allele vs C allele: OR = 0.81, 95% CI = 0.69-0.97, Pheterogeneity = 0.25). Furthermore, the @entity65655 CC genotype might be associated with elevated risk of @entity7278 in Caucasians (CC vs GG: OR = 9.14, 95% CI = 1.01-82.50, Pheterogeneity = 0.49). Concerning @entity60244 polymorphism, no evidence of significant association was identified. CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis suggested that @entity2533 @entity12172 T allele was associated with decreased risk of @entity7278 in Asians, while @entity65655 CC genotype might contribute to increased @entity7278 risk in Caucasians. Replication studies of our results in independent large populations are necessary to validate this association in diverse populations.

title: Association of @entity2533 XXXX , @entity60244 , and @entity65655 polymorphisms with @entity2521 susceptibility.

entities_list: @entity7278 :: ('MESH:D055113', 'Disease') :: ['CP', 'chronic periodontitis']

entities_list: @entity2521 :: ('MESH:D010518', 'Disease') :: ['periodontitis']

answer: @entity12172 :: (c|SUB|C|-509|T,DNAMutation) :: ['-509C/T']


abstract: PURPOSE: To assess whether the presence of enhanced @entity1262 gene expression in @entity1582 ( @entity1582 ) @entity1 predicts survival, as well as response to @entity1891 , @entity632 , and @entity619 (VAD) chemotherapy. @entity1 AND METHODS: Sixty-three @entity1582 @entity1 refractory to alkylating therapy were studied. The presence of the @entity1262 gene product, a 170-kd glycoprotein (P-170), was analyzed in bone marrow plasma cells by means of the alkaline phosphatase (APAAP) technique using the P-170-specific monoclonal antibody (MoAb) C219. The prognostic value of @entity1262 gene expression, examined before VAD treatment, was compared with other established prognostic factors including @entity2262 , albumin, @entity880 dehydrogenase (LDH), and the plasma cell labeling index. RESULTS: Fifty-nine percent of all samples were P-170-positive. No association could be demonstrated between response to VAD and @entity1262 gene expression (chi 2 P = .359), in contrast to high serum @entity2262 levels, which were positively correlated with response (P = .006). P-170-positive and -negative @entity1 showed a median survival duration of 23 and 22 months, respectively, a difference that was not statistically significant (P = .9). @entity2262 , LDH, albumin, and the plasma cell labeling index were all significantly correlated with survival. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that other mechanisms of resistance must be involved in @entity1582 apart from MDR. The role of MDR status at this stage of disease may be biased by the major contribution of @entity619 to induction of response by VAD in @entity1582 @entity1 .

title: @entity1262 expression and response to @entity1891 , @entity632 , and @entity619 chemotherapy in XXXX refractory to alkylating agents.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity1262 :: ('5243', 'Gene') :: ['MDR-1', 'multiple drug resistance (MDR)-1']

entities_list: @entity2262 :: ('567', 'Gene') :: ['beta 2-microglobulin']

entities_list: @entity1582 :: ('MESH:D009101', 'Disease') :: ['multiple myeloma', 'MM']

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['dexamethasone']

entities_list: @entity1891 :: ('MESH:D014750', 'Chemical') :: ['vincristine']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

answer: @entity1582 :: (MESH:D009101,Disease) :: ['multiple myeloma']


abstract: We describe the @entity65116 gene from the @entity2199 @entity2199 . @entity65116 is predicted to encode a very small (72 residues, 8.1 kD) GATA-type @entity219 finger transcription factor. The @entity65116 gene is located approximately 5 kb upstream of the @entity2199 @entity26346 gene, which also encodes a GATA-type transcription factor; the @entity219 finger DNA-binding domains are highly conserved (24/25 residues) between the two proteins. The @entity26346 gene is expressed only in the intestine and is essential for normal intestinal development. This article explores whether @entity65116 also has a role in intestinal development. Reporter fusions to the @entity65116 promoter or reporter insertions into the @entity65116 coding regions show that @entity65116 is indeed expressed in the intestine, beginning at the 1.5-fold stage of embryogenesis and continuing into adulthood. @entity65116 reporter fusions are also expressed in nine cells of the posterior pharynx. Ectopic expression of @entity65116 cDNA within the embryo does not cause detectable ectopic expression of biochemical markers of gut differentiation; furthermore, ectopic @entity65116 expression neither inhibits nor enhances the ectopic marker expression caused by ectopic @entity26346 expression. A deletion allele of @entity65116 was isolated but no obvious phenotype could be detected, either in the gut or elsewhere; brood sizes, hatching efficiencies, and growth rates were indistinguishable from wild type. We found no evidence that @entity65116 provided backup functions for @entity26346 . We used microarray analysis to search for genes that might be differentially expressed between L1 larvae of the @entity65116 deletion strain and wild-type worms. Paired hybridizations were repeated seven times, allowing us to conclude, with some confidence, that no candidate target transcript could be identified as significantly up- or downregulated by loss of @entity65116 function. In vitro binding experiments could not detect specific binding of @entity65116 protein to candidate binding sites (double-stranded oligonucleotides containing single or multiple WGATAR sequences); @entity65116 protein neither enhanced nor inhibited the strong sequence-specific binding of the @entity26346 protein. Whereas @entity26346 protein is a strong transcriptional activator in @entity375 , @entity65116 protein has no such activity under similar conditions, nor does it influence the transcriptional activity of coexpressed @entity26346 protein. Although an @entity26346 homolog was easily identified in the genomic sequence of the related @entity2199 @entity23234 , no @entity65116 homolog could be identified. Analysis of the changes in silent third codon positions within the DNA-binding domains indicates that @entity65116 arose as a duplication of @entity26346 , some 25-55 MYA. Thus, @entity65116 has survived far longer than the average duplicated gene in @entity2199 , even though no obvious biological function could be detected. @entity65116 provides an interesting example of a tandemly duplicated gene that may originally have been the same size as @entity26346 but has gradually been whittled down to its present size of little more than a @entity219 finger. Although @entity65116 must confer (or must have conferred) some selective advantage to @entity2199 , we suggest that its ultimate evolutionary fate will be disappearance from the @entity2199 genome.

title: The evolutionary duplication and probable demise of an endodermal GATA factor in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2199 :: ('6239', 'Species') :: ['nematode', 'C. elegans', 'Caenorhabditis elegans']

answer: @entity2199 :: (6239,Species) :: ['Caenorhabditis elegans']


abstract: BACKGROUNDS/AIMS: Recent advances in ultrasonography have contributed to the early detection of @entity1086 . We attempted to predict the progression of the disease by comparing the sizes of polypoid lesions, and we suggest that the size of the lesion would be a useful guideline to determine an appropriate primary surgical approach for polypoid lesions of the gallbladder. METHODS: We have retrospectively analyzed 253 @entity1 that, during the operation period from January 2009 to December 2011, had had ultrasonographically detected gallbladder polypoid lesions, and who underwent cholecystectomy at Ulsan university hospital. We have analyzed the demographic data of the @entity1 , the preoperative size of polypoid lesions, and pathologic findings. RESULTS: Of a total of 253 @entity1 , 235 @entity1 had benign lesions, and 18 @entity1 had @entity5 . Among the malignant @entity1127 @entity1 , 11 had @entity2558 @entity5 , 6 had pT2 @entity5 , and 1 had @entity1803 @entity5 . The average size of polypoid lesions was 9.1  3.1 mm and that of @entity5 was 28.2  16.4 mm. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of the benign and malignant groups shows that 14.5 mm is the optimal point of prediction of the @entity5 . Of a total of 18 @entity1 of @entity5 , 11 had @entity2558 and the average size of their polypoid lesions was 20.5  5.8 mm 7 had pT2 with a size of 39.1  20.7 mm. ROC curve analysis of the @entity2558 and pT2 groups shows that 27 mm would be the optimal point to predict T2 and above @entity5 . CONCLUSIONS: In the case of an early @entity5 , curative treatment can be achieved through a simple and minimally invasive laparoscopic cholecystectomy. We attempted to predict early @entity5 occurrence among polypoid lesions of the gallbladder using the simplest standard, size. Although there are some limitations, size can be a simple and easy way to evaluate polypoid lesions of the gallbladder.

title: Analysis of gallbladder polypoid lesion size as an indication of the risk of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant lesions', 'cancer', 'GB cancer', 'malignancy']

entities_list: @entity1086 :: ('MESH:D005706', 'Disease') :: ['gallbladder cancer']

answer: @entity1086 :: (MESH:D005706,Disease) :: ['gallbladder cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Previous evidence-based guidelines on the management of @entity1320 ( @entity1320 ) were published by the @entity281 Society (SIS) in 1992, 2002, and 2010. At the time the most recent guideline was released, the plan was to update the guideline every five years to ensure the timeliness and appropriateness of the recommendations. METHODS: Based on the previous guidelines, the task force outlined a number of topics related to the treatment of @entity1 with @entity1320 and then developed key questions on these various topics. All questions were approached using general and specific literature searches, focusing on articles and other information published since 2008. These publications and additional materials published before 2008 were reviewed by the task force as a whole or by individual subgroups as to relevance to individual questions. Recommendations were developed by a process of iterative consensus, with all task force members voting to accept or reject each recommendation. Grading was based on the GRADE (Grades of Recommendation Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) system; the quality of the evidence was graded as high, moderate, or weak, and the strength of the recommendation was graded as strong or weak. Review of the document was performed by members of the SIS who were not on the task force. After responses were made to all critiques, the document was approved as an official guideline of the SIS by the Executive Council. RESULTS: This guideline summarizes the current recommendations developed by the task force on the treatment of @entity1 who have @entity1320 . Evidence-based recommendations have been made regarding risk assessment in individual @entity1 ; source control; the timing, selection, and duration of antimicrobial therapy; and suggested approaches to @entity1 who fail initial therapy. Additional recommendations related to the treatment of pediatric @entity1 with @entity1320 have been included. SUMMARY: The current recommendations of the SIS regarding the treatment of @entity1 with @entity1320 are provided in this guideline.

title: The XXXX Society Revised Guidelines on the @entity1320 .

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['Surgical Infection']

entities_list: @entity1320 :: ('MESH:D059413', 'Disease') :: ['IAI', 'intra-abdominal infection']

answer: @entity281 :: (MESH:D007239,Disease) :: ['Surgical Infection']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of this paper is to examine factors associated with discharge destination after acquired @entity1545 in a publicly insured population using the Anderson Behavioral Model as a framework. METHODS: We utilized a retrospective cohort design. Inpatient data from provincial acute care records from fiscal years 2003/4 to 2006/7 with a diagnostic code of @entity131 ( @entity131 ) and non- @entity131 (nTBI) in Ontario, Canada were obtained for the study. Using multinomial logistic regression models, we examined predisposing, need and enabling factors from inpatient records in relation to major discharge outcomes such as discharge to home, inpatient rehabilitation and other institutionalized care. RESULTS: Multinomial logistic regression revealed that need factors were strongly correlated with discharge destinations overall. Higher scores on the Charlson Comorbidity Index were associated with discharge to other institutionalized care in the nTBI population. Length of stay and special care days were identified as markers for severity and were both strongly positively correlated with discharge to other institutionalized care and inpatient rehabilitation, compared to discharge home, in both nTBI and @entity131 populations. @entity130 was found to be positively correlated with discharge to inpatient rehabilitation and other institutionalized care for @entity1 with @entity131 . Controlling for need factors, rural location was associated with discharge to home versus inpatient rehabilitation. CONCLUSIONS: These findings show that need factors (Charlson Comorbidity Index, length of stay, and number of special care days) are most significant in terms of discharge destination. However, there is evidence that other factors such as rural location and access to supplemental insurance (e.g., through motor vehicle insurance) may influence discharge destination outcomes as well. These findings should be considered in creating more equitable access to healthcare services across the continuum of care.

title: Factors associated with discharge destination from acute care after acquired XXXX in Ontario, Canada.

entities_list: @entity1545 :: ('MESH:D020214', 'Disease') :: ['brain injury']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['TBI', 'traumatic brain injury']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['Injury by motor vehicle collisions']

answer: @entity1545 :: (MESH:D020214,Disease) :: ['brain injury']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 7510 Background: We reported that vaccination with @entity320 -derived HSPPC-96 resulted in @entity320 -specific T-cell response (50%) and in clinical response (18%) in @entity1 with @entity66 . To investigate whether immune reaction to HSPPC-96 can be modulated by cytokines, we administered HSPPC-96 together with @entity2841 s.c. and @entity686 systemically. METHODS: @entity1 with AJCC stage IV @entity320 (n = 28) were vaccinated with autologous @entity5 -derived HSPPC-96. Most @entity1 (n = 25) had received prior chemo- and/or bio-therapy. All @entity1 underwent surgery to harvest @entity5 tissue for vaccine production. Subsequent treatment consisted of: HSPPC-96 (25  g s.c. on day 2); @entity2841 (75  g s.c. on days 1, 2, 3); @entity686 (3 MU i.v., twice weekly). This was repeated over 4 weeks followed by 4 weeks of rest. Then, 4 additional injections of HSPPC-96 were given biweekly with @entity2841 over 3 days followed by 5 injections of @entity686 at 2 days intervals. Anti- @entity320 T-cell response was assessed on pre and post vaccination PBMCs, by ELISPOT assay using @entity320 as targets. RESULTS: Treatment was well tolerated. Eighteen @entity1 received at least 4 vaccinations and were considered evaluable. Of these, 2 were free of disease (DF) and 16 had residual @entity320 post surgery. Of the DF subjects, 1 remained DF for 419 days. Of the 16 @entity1 with @entity41 , 10 showed SD lasting from 97 to 372 days. Six of the 16 @entity1 showed an increased number of anti- @entity320 T cells after vaccination and all had SD. The remaining @entity1 had @entity1726 . CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that @entity2841 , at this dose and schedule followed by systemic @entity686 , do not increase T-cell responses post HSPPC-96 vaccination as compared to our previous study. However, the present results continue to suggest a potential immunogenic and anti- @entity5 effect of HSPPC-96 vaccine in @entity1 with @entity320 . [Table: see text].

title: Phase II study of HSPPC-96 in combination with @entity2841 and @entity686 in stage IV XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['residual disease']

entities_list: @entity41 :: ('MESH:D018365', 'Disease') :: ['residual tumor']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma', 'metastatic melanoma']

answer: @entity320 :: (MESH:D008545,Disease) :: ['malignant melanoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Our aim was to determine the value of echo-planar diffusion-weighted MR imaging (epiDWI) in differentiating various types of primary @entity5 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred forty-nine consecutive @entity1 with suspected @entity5 of the parotid gland were examined with an epiDWI sequence by using a 1.5T unit. Image analysis was performed by 2 radiologists independently, and the intraclass correlation coefficient was computed. Histologic diagnosis was obtained in every @entity1 . For comparison of apparent diffusion coefficients (ADCs), a paired 2-tailed Student t test with a Bonferroni correction was used. RESULTS: In 136 @entity1 , a primary @entity5 was confirmed by histology. Among the observers, a high correlation was calculated (0.98). ADC values of @entity5123 were significantly higher than those of all other entities, except for @entity652 (P = .054). ADC values of @entity4724 were different from those of @entity652 , @entity362 , and @entity189 (P < .001, 0.013, and .037, respectively). @entity3975 , @entity3981 , and @entity420 were not differentiable from @entity4724 (P = .094, .396, and .604, respectively). CONCLUSION: epiDWI has the potential to differentiate @entity5123 and @entity652 from all other examined entities. Due to an overlap not only within the group of benign and malignant lesions but also between groups, diagnoses should not be addressed on the basis of ADC values solely. Therefore, further studies combining DWI, morphologic criteria, and probably other MR imaging techniques seem warranted.

title: Diffusion-weighted echo-planar MR imaging of primary XXXX : is a prediction of different histologic subtypes possible?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5123 :: ('MESH:D008949', 'Disease') :: ['pleomorphic adenomas', 'pleomorphic adenoma']

entities_list: @entity3975 :: ('MESH:D018277', 'Disease') :: ['Mucoepidermoid carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['parotid gland tumor', 'parotid gland tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['salivary duct carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity3981 :: ('MESH:D018267', 'Disease') :: ['acinic cell carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['myoepithelial adenomas']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['basal cell adenocarcinomas']

entities_list: @entity4724 :: ('MESH:D000235', 'Disease') :: ['Warthin tumors']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['parotid gland tumors']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2995 has been shown to decrease both cellular proliferation and collagen production by dermal fibroblasts. An alteration of cytokine levels may mediate these effects. OBJECTIVE: To delineate the effect of @entity2995 on both cellular proliferation and the production of @entity540 ( @entity540 ) and @entity2533 ( @entity2533 ) by @entity1 fibroblasts grown in a serum-free in vitro model. METHODS: @entity1 normal and keloid dermal fibroblasts were propagated in a serum-free in vitro model with exposure to 0, 5, 10, or 20 microm @entity2995 for 0, 24, 72, or 96 hours. Cell counts were determined by phase contrast microscopy. Levels of @entity540 and @entity2533 in the supernatants were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS: In our study, 20 microm @entity2995 caused statistically significant increases in the peak levels of @entity540 for normal and keloid fibroblast cell lines (P < 0.05). It also caused statistically significant decreases in the level of @entity2533 for normal and keloid fibroblast cell lines. For the keloid fibroblasts, 10 microm @entity2995 also caused a statistically significant decrease in the level of @entity2533 . CONCLUSION: We conclude from these results that @entity2995 increases the production of @entity540 and decreases production of @entity2533 by @entity1 dermal fibroblasts.

title: Triamcinolone stimulates @entity540 production and inhibits XXXX production by @entity1 dermal fibroblasts.

entities_list: @entity540 :: ('2247', 'Gene') :: ['bFGF', 'basic fibroblast growth factor']

entities_list: @entity2995 :: ('MESH:D014222', 'Chemical') :: ['triamcinolone acetonide', 'Triamcinolone acetonide']

entities_list: @entity2533 :: ('7040', 'Gene') :: ['TGF-beta1', 'transforming growth factor beta1']

answer: @entity2533 :: (7040,Gene) :: ['TGF-beta1']


abstract: INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: The aim was to assess the cost-effectiveness of a genetic screening program for first-degree relatives of @entity1 with @entity753 ( @entity753 ), followed by treatment when necessary, compared with the alternative of no screening. METHODS: The cost-effectiveness analysis modeled the effect of @entity1780 treatment on individuals who were diagnosed with @entity753 after genetic screening. The impact of uncertainty was evaluated using univariate probabilistic sensitivity analysis. The alternate strategy considered was no screening. In the cost-effectiveness analysis, the number of @entity1017 ( @entity1017 ) was regarded as the health outcome and the costs of screening, statin treatment, specialist consultations and hospital visits were all included. In addition, the expected value of perfect information was calculated as part of the sensitivity analysis. RESULTS: In the base case, the incremental cost of the screening program for close relatives was 3423 @entity7634 per @entity1017 . Although the sensitivity analysis gave a range of results, the conclusions were not affected by changes in the parameters considered. The screening program was found to be better than the alternative considered at a probability level of 95% if the acceptable level of health-care costs was at least 7400 @entity7634 per @entity1017 . CONCLUSIONS: This analysis indicates that a genetic screening program, supplemented by treatment, for the close relatives of individuals with @entity753 is preferable to the alternative of no screening in terms of incremental cost-effectiveness.

title: [Cost-effectiveness analysis of a genetic screening program in the close relatives of Spanish XXXX with @entity753 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity753 :: ('OMIM:143890', 'Disease') :: ['FH', 'familial hypercholesterolemia']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['LYG', 'life-years gained']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Many recent reports have emphasized the importance of donor antigens in the induction of allograft tolerance. This study examines the effect of pretransplant infusion of 10(8) donor leukocytes (DL) combined with peritransplant @entity205 ( @entity870 ) on W/F cardiac allograft survival in Lewis @entity35 . Peritransplant recipient treatment consisted of @entity870 20 mg/kg given i.m. on days 0, +1, and +2 relative to heart transplantation. Lewis recipients, 5-8 per group, were pretreated with 10(8) DL with or without peritransplant @entity870 . A single DL transfusion on day -3 or day -7 prior to transplantation significantly prolonged the @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) of W/F hearts from 7.0 +/- 0.9 days in controls to 12.2 +/- 4.5 days and 12.4 +/- 1.0 days (P less than 0.01), respectively. Two DL infusions on days -7 and -3 or on days -14 and -7 prolonged the @entity1349 to 10.6 +/- 1.3 days (P less than 0.02) and 16.4 +/- 2.8 days (P less than 0.001), respectively. The administration of peritransplant @entity870 alone significantly prolonged W/F heart allograft survival to 43.1 +/- 2.7 days. When pretransplant DL transfusion on day -3 was combined with @entity870 treatment, 4/8 animals maintained their grafts indefinitely (greater than 100 days). Similarly, DL infusion on day -7 with peritransplant @entity870 led to indefinite graft survival in 3/5 animals. Administration of DL on days -7 and -3 combined with @entity870 resulted in indefinite graft survival (greater than 100 days) in 4/6 animals. Transfusion of DL on day -3 alone or in combination with peritransplant @entity870 , had no effect on a third-party (ACI) heart allograft survival prolongation compared with appropriate controls. To define the underlying mechanisms responsible for donor-specific unresponsiveness in this model, pooled sera and unseparated spleen cells were passively transferred from recipients of long-term cardiac allografts to syngeneic @entity35 receiving donor-type (W/F) or third-party (ACI) cardiac allografts. Transfer of serum (1 ml on days 0, and 1, 0.5 ml on days +2, +3, and +4) from ungrafted recipients of DL on days -14 and -7 led to significant donor graft survival of 9.8 +/- 0.4 days (P less than 0.02) in unmodified hosts. Similarly, passive transfer of serum obtained at 20 and 100 days after transplantation significantly prolonged the @entity1349 of donor-type hearts in syngeneic untreated hosts to 11.3 +/- 0.8 and 10.0 +/- 1.1 days, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: Induction of donor-specific unresponsiveness to XXXX cardiac allograft by donor leukocytes and @entity205 .

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporine']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['mean survival time', 'MST']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: Posttransplant @entity1017 is common after orthotopic liver transplantation. We sought to determine the extent of @entity1017 at 5 years after transplantation in @entity1 with @entity1561 ( @entity1561 ) @entity82 versus @entity1 with other types of @entity82 ( @entity1561 ). We studied 126 liver transplants performed between 2005 and 2007 at Saint Luc Hospital, University of Montreal. Seventeen of the 126 @entity1 (13.5%) had @entity1561 @entity82 . Ascites volume was difficult to assess, so we used the body mass index (BMI) at 3 months as the reference BMI. All @entity1 gained weight after transplantation, but BMI increased significantly more and earlier among the @entity1561 @entity1 [4.8 versus 1.5 kg/m(2) at 1 year (P   =   0.001), 5.0 versus 2.3 kg/m(2) at 2 years (P   =   0.01), and 5.6 versus 2.6 kg/m(2) at 5 years (P   =   0.009)] in comparison with @entity1561 @entity1 in unadjusted analyses. The greatest BMI increase over time was investigated with univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. The BMI increase was divided into tertiles for each period of time observed. The greatest BMI increase over time was defined as the top tertile of BMI increase. After adjustments for potential confounders (ie, total @entity165 , @entity6 , and length of hospital stay), @entity1561 was no longer associated with a risk of a greater BMI increase [odds ratio (OR)   =   3.73 at 1 year (P   =   0.11), OR   =   2.15 at 2 years (P   =   0.34), and OR   =   2.87 at 5 years (P   =   0.30)]. These findings suggest the need for multidisciplinary, early, and close weight monitoring for all @entity1 . All @entity1 could benefit from pretransplant counseling regarding @entity1017 and its consequences.

title: @entity1017 after orthotopic liver transplantation: is XXXX @entity82 a risk factor for greater @entity1017 ?

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['weight gain']

entities_list: @entity1561 :: ('MESH:D065626', 'Disease') :: ['NAFLD', 'nonalcoholic fatty liver disease', 'non-NAFLD']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity1561 :: (MESH:D065626,Disease) :: ['nonalcoholic fatty liver disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate 4-6 years later the state of dental fillings in 6-8 year old school- @entity1 treated at a health centre. DESIGN: Monitoring of a cohort with intervention. SETTING: Alcal   la Real Health Centre (Ja  n). @entity1 : In the school years 94-95 and 95-96 a total de 88 second-year @entity1307 (compulsory primary education) students received at least one occlusal @entity575 amalgam filling in their first permanent molars. 4-6 years later, 78 students, who had had 157 fillings, were examined. INTERVENTIONS: @entity575 amalgam fillings in first permanent molars. MAIN MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: The success or failure of the fillings was measured. The failure rate was 11.5% (95% CI, 6.0-17.0), with authentic failures ( @entity2617 , recurrent caries, @entity174 and @entity174 ) (58.8%) predominating @entity177 (caries elsewhere) (41.2%). Neither sex, age when the filling was inserted, dental arch (upper or lower), nor the index of temporary caries at the start were statistically linked to the failure of fillings. CONCLUSIONS: In clinical terms, the health centre has an adequate level of efficacy 4-6 years after inserting simple @entity575 amalgam fillings in 6-8 year old school- @entity1 .

title: [Dental fillings in school- XXXX from the Alcal   la Real-Martos Health District (Ja  n)].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['broken filling', 'broken tooth']

entities_list: @entity575 :: ('MESH:D012834', 'Chemical') :: ['Silver', 'silver']

entities_list: @entity2617 :: ('MESH:D017254', 'Disease') :: ['marginal infiltration']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['over false failures']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 suffering from @entity5 are currently being classified into prognostic subsets based on different clinical and biologic features. In this study, a triple-color flow cytometric assay and a functional test were applied to @entity521 cell lines and @entity1 with a @entity5 , and the value of @entity1262 expression and function as potential prognostic characteristics, was determined. METHODS: Twenty-two single-cell suspensions prepared from @entity5 , and neuroblasts from four bone marrow samples were analyzed by triple-color flow cytometry. Neuroblasts were identified by NB84-positivity and absence of @entity1195 . @entity1262 expression was evaluated using 4E3 and MRK16 antibodies. Eighteen samples were tested with a functional assay, based on accumulation and retention of @entity3514 with and without the inhibitor @entity1855 . Six @entity521 cell lines were also evaluated. RESULTS: @entity1262 expression was seen in 18 of 26 @entity1 samples and in three of six cell lines. The highest expression levels were found in low stage @entity521 and well-differentiated @entity5 ; whereas the highest activities were found in stage 4 @entity521 and the lowest in @entity6012 and @entity6010 @entity1 . In 10 of 17 samples, concordant results were found between the flow cytometric immunological test and immunocytochemistry. CONCLUSIONS: The described flow cytometric technique is a new, alternative approach to detect @entity1262 expression and function in neural @entity5 . Based on the expression level and the activity value, @entity1 can be segregated into different phenotypic groups. In particular, those @entity1 with high @entity1262 activity might benefit from treatment regimens containing reversal agents.

title: Discrepant flow cytometric expression and function of XXXX in @entity5 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity6010 :: ('MESH:D005729', 'Disease') :: ['ganglioneuroma']

entities_list: @entity6012 :: ('MESH:D018305', 'Disease') :: ['ganglioneuroblastoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neuroblastic tumor', 'neuroblastic tumors', 'crest tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1855 :: ('MESH:D014700', 'Chemical') :: ['verapamil']

entities_list: @entity521 :: ('MESH:D009447', 'Disease') :: ['neuroblastoma']

answer: @entity1262 :: (5243,Gene) :: ['P-glycoprotein']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Physical inactivity and overweight are risk factors for @entity0 . The effect of physical activity may be partially mediated by concordant @entity353 . We studied the effect on serum sex hormones, which are known to be associated with @entity0 risk, that is attributable to exercise by comparing randomly obtained equivalent @entity353 by following a hypocaloric diet only or mainly by exercise. METHODS: Overweight, insufficiently active @entity1 were randomised to a diet (N = 97), mainly exercise (N = 98) or control group (N = 48). The goal of both interventions was to achieve 5-6 kg of @entity353 by following a calorie-restricted diet or an intensive exercise programme combined with only a small caloric restriction. Primary outcomes after 16 weeks were serum sex hormones and @entity443 ( @entity443 ). Body fat and lean mass were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. RESULTS: Both the diet (-4.9 kg) and mainly exercise (-5.5 kg) groups achieved the target @entity353 . Loss of body fat was significantly greater with exercise versus diet (difference -1.4 kg, P < 0.001). In the mainly exercise arm, the reduction in free @entity251 was statistically significantly greater than that of the diet arm (treatment effect ratio [TER] 0.92, P = 0.043), and the results were suggestive of a difference for @entity2671 (TER 0.90, P = 0.064) and @entity443 ( @entity9235 .05, P = 0.070). Compared with the control arm, beneficial effects were seen with both interventions, diet and mainly exercise, respectively, on @entity53 (TER 0.86, P = 0.025; TER 0.83, P = 0.007), free @entity53 (TER 0.80, P = 0.002; TER 0.77, P < 0.001), @entity443 ( @entity9235 .14; @entity9235 .21, both P < 0.001) and free @entity251 (TER 0.91, P = 0.069; TER = 0.84, P = 0.001). After adjustment for changes in body fat, intervention effects attenuated or disappeared. CONCLUSIONS: Weight loss with both interventions resulted in favourable effects on serum sex hormones, which have been shown to be associated with a decrease in @entity0 risk. Weight loss induced mainly by exercise additionally resulted in maintenance of lean mass, greater fitness, greater fat loss and a larger effect on (some) sex hormones. The greater fat loss likely explains the observed larger effects on sex hormones. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01511276 . Registered on 12 January 2012.

title: Effect of XXXX , with or without exercise, on body composition and sex hormones in postmenopausal @entity1 : the SHAPE-2 trial.

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['postmenopausal breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['oestradiol']

entities_list: @entity2671 :: ('MESH:D000735', 'Chemical') :: ['androstenedione']

entities_list: @entity443 :: ('6462', 'Gene') :: ['sex hormone-binding globulin', 'SHBG']

answer: @entity353 :: (MESH:D015431,Disease) :: ['weight loss']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity171 inhibit the activity of osteoclasts and demonstrate antitumor effect, involving induction of plasmocyte apoptosis, blocking of angiogenesis, stimulation of Tgd lymphocytes and inhibition of metalloproteinases. Bisphosphonates combined with @entity2816 , a drug possessing confirmed anti- @entity1582 activity, seem to have potential favorable effect in @entity1 with treatment-resistant multiple @entity1582 with @entity690 . MATERIAL/METHODS: 13 @entity1 with treatment-resistant multiple @entity1582 with @entity690 received combined @entity5279 and @entity2816 therapy. All the @entity1 underwent detailed clinical and laboratory control once a month. @entity5279 was used at 90 mg i.v. dose administered at 4-week intervals, and @entity2816 at doses escalated from 200 mg/d in the first week to 400 mg/d after 3 weeks of the therapy. The mean duration of treatment was 12 weeks with a range of 3 to 36 weeks. RESULTS: 7 @entity1 (53%) receiving @entity5279 and @entity2816 therapy demonstrated good response involving at least 25% reduction of monoclonal protein levels in comparison with baseline. All these @entity1 reported improvement of osteodynia symptoms, and 3 of them - their complete regression. 70% @entity1 experienced side effects ( @entity1296 , @entity1142 , somnolence, @entity305 ) due to @entity2816 administration CONCLUSIONS: Good response to combined @entity5279 and @entity2816 therapy can be expected in at least 50% of @entity1 with treatment-resistant multiple @entity1582 with @entity690 .

title: Combination of @entity5279 and XXXX in the therapy of treatment-resistant multiple @entity1582 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity171 :: ('MESH:D004164', 'Chemical') :: ['Bisphosphonates']

entities_list: @entity5279 :: ('MESH:C019248', 'Chemical') :: ['pamidronate', 'Pamidronate']

entities_list: @entity2816 :: ('MESH:D013792', 'Chemical') :: ['thalidomide']

entities_list: @entity305 :: ('MESH:D011115', 'Disease') :: ['polyneuropathy']

entities_list: @entity690 :: ('MESH:D030981', 'Disease') :: ['advanced osteolytic lesions']

entities_list: @entity1296 :: ('MESH:D004244', 'Disease') :: ['dizziness']

entities_list: @entity1142 :: ('MESH:D003248', 'Disease') :: ['constipation']

answer: @entity2816 :: (MESH:D013792,Chemical) :: ['thalidomide']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the role of ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) compared with conventional radiography in the detection of chronic and acute inflammatory manifestations of @entity309 ( @entity309 ) of the shoulder joint. METHODS: Forty-three consecutive @entity1 with known @entity309 prospectively underwent clinical examination, radiography, ultrasound, and MRI of the shoulder joints. Each @entity1 was assigned a clinical/laboratory score consisting of 7 parameters, including measurements of shoulder mobility, the erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and @entity1851 level. Conventional radiography was standardized and performed in 2 planes. Ultrasound was performed in 10 predefined planes using a 7.5-MHz linear transducer. MRI at 1.5T comprised transverse and oblique coronal T1- and T2*-weighted fast spin-echo, gradient-echo (GRE), and inversion-recovery sequences with a matrix size of up to 512 pixels. A dynamic T1-weighted GRE sequence was acquired with intravenous administration of contrast medium. Erosions were assessed using all 3 imaging techniques on a 4-point scale. Soft-tissue involvement was evaluated according to the presence of @entity603 , @entity2762 , and @entity2585 on ultrasound and MRI. The results in the study group were compared with those obtained in a control group of 10 @entity1 with @entity158 . RESULTS: In the study group, erosions of the humeroscapular joint were detected by conventional radiography in 26 @entity1 , by ultrasound in 30 @entity1 , and by MRI in 39 @entity1 ; the differences were statistically significant for the comparisons of conventional radiography with MRI and for ultrasound versus MRI (P < 0.0001). Conventional radiography detected 12 erosions of the scapula and MRI detected 15. @entity603 was demonstrated in 12 @entity1 by ultrasound and in 27 @entity1 by MRI (P = 0.0003). @entity2762 was observed in 15 @entity1 by ultrasound and in 28 @entity1 by MRI (P = 0.0064). @entity2585 was detected in 13 @entity1 by ultrasound and in 18 @entity1 by MRI. The findings on dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI correlated significantly with the detection of @entity603 by ultrasound and erosions by static MRI (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Ultrasound and MRI supplement conventional radiography in assessing the shoulder joint. Although conventional radiography can be used as the sole method of following up known joint destruction in @entity309 , ultrasound and, preferably, MRI are recommended as additional techniques in the initial diagnostic evaluation when radiography yields negative results.

title: XXXX of the shoulder joint: comparison of conventional radiography, ultrasound, and dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity603 :: ('MESH:D013585', 'Disease') :: ['synovitis', 'Synovitis']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['shoulder pain']

entities_list: @entity2585 :: ('MESH:D002062', 'Disease') :: ['bursitis', 'Bursitis']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA']

entities_list: @entity2762 :: ('MESH:D013717', 'Disease') :: ['tenosynovitis', 'Tenosynovitis']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

answer: @entity309 :: (MESH:D001172,Disease) :: ['Rheumatoid arthritis']


abstract: AIMS: Distal embolisation during carotid artery stenting (CAS) is the main cause of cerebral complications; thus, the amount of embolisation occurring during CAS can be considered as a surrogate endpoint of cerebral complications. Our aim was to find @entity1 characteristics which are associated with a higher risk of embolisation during CAS. METHODS AND RESULTS: From January to December 2010 all consecutive @entity1 undergoing CAS with embolic protection at three medium- to high-volume Italian centres were prospectively enrolled in this multicentre study. After CAS, the @entity887 was classified by visual inspection into two groups: "scarce" (no debris or hardly visible debris), and "relevant" (visible @entity887 ) embolisation. Two hundred and thirty-six consecutive @entity1 (79% males, 32.7% symptomatic) were enrolled. Open cell stents were used in 52.7% of the @entity1 , distal filters were employed in 85.5% and proximal protection in 14.5%. Procedural success was achieved in 100% of procedures. Relevant embolisation was observed in 16.1% of @entity1 , including those who suffered all the periprocedural complications (4.2%). At multivariate statistical analysis, high circulating LDL @entity165 and @entity1851 levels were the only factors associated with relevant embolisation. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, high circulating LDL @entity165 and @entity1851 levels were associated with relevant embolisation after CAS, opening up the hypothesis that therapy with statins before elective CAS may @entity146 and improve outcome. (EudraCT number: 016737-95).

title: Distal embolisation during carotid stenting is predicted by circulating levels of LDL @entity165 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['reduce plaque embolisation']

entities_list: @entity887 :: ('MESH:D004617', 'Disease') :: ['embolic debris']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity1851 :: (1401,Gene) :: ['C-reactive protein']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Emerging evidence suggests that @entity66 is associated with @entity1545 in the absence of @entity955 . METHODS: The Cardiovascular Health Study prospectively enrolled community-dwelling adults aged >= 65 years. Among @entity1 who underwent MRI, we examined associations of ECG left @entity854 with @entity4798 and @entity10334 . P-wave terminal force in lead V1 was the primary measure of left @entity854 ; P-wave area and duration were secondary predictors. We excluded @entity1 with @entity955 before or on their index ECG. Primary outcomes were incident @entity1188 and @entity10334 from initial to follow-up scan    5 years later. Secondary outcomes were prevalent @entity1188 and degree of @entity10334 on initial MRI. Relative risk (RR) and linear regression models were adjusted for vascular risk factors. RESULTS: Among 3129 @entity1 with >= 1 scan, each SD increase in P-wave terminal force in lead V1 was associated with a 0.05-point (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.0003-0.10) higher baseline white matter grade on a 10-point scale. P-wave terminal force in lead V1 was associated with prevalent @entity1188 of any type (RR per SD, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.04-1.16) and more so with prevalent nonlacunar @entity1188 (RR per SD, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.08-1.38). Among 1839 @entity1 with 2 scans, P-wave terminal force in lead V1 was associated with @entity10334 (RR per SD, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.01-1.18), but not with incident @entity1188 (RR per SD, 1.06; 95% CI, 0.93-1.20). Sensitivity analyses adjusting for incident @entity955 found similar results. P-wave area and duration were not associated with outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: ECG left @entity854 is associated with @entity1545 in the absence of documented @entity955 .

title: Association Between Left Atrial Abnormality on ECG and XXXX on MRI in the Cardiovascular Health Study.

entities_list: @entity1545 :: ('MESH:D020214', 'Disease') :: ['vascular brain injury']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity4798 :: ('MESH:D020520', 'Disease') :: ['brain infarcts']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['atrial disease']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['atrial abnormality']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity10334 :: ('MESH:D049292', 'Disease') :: ['leukoaraiosis', 'worsening leukoaraiosis']

answer: @entity1545 :: (MESH:D020214,Disease) :: ['Vascular Brain Injury']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity254 ( @entity254 ) has become an important procedure for the surgical treatment of @entity4269 . In the past, the anatomy of the lymphatic system of animal models has been reported. However, to our knowledge, there have been few reports of animal models of @entity254 including training model. In this study, we report on a relatively simple and ideal animal @entity254 model based on peritoneal lymph ducts and veins. @entity1 AND METHODS: For 10 @entity35 , diameters of lumbar lymphatic ducts and iliolumbar veins in the peritoneal cavity on both sides were measured, and @entity254 was performed. In addition, we measured the diameters of 28 lymphatic ducts and veins in 8 @entity1 who had previously undergone @entity254 and compared the results with those obtained in this @entity35 model. RESULTS: The mean diameter of the lymphatic ducts was 0.61 mm, and the iliolumbar veins were 0.81 mm. On the other hand, the mean diameters of the 28 lymphatic ducts and veins of the 8 @entity1 in whom we performed @entity254 were 0.58 and 0.76 mm, respectively. The differences in the diameters of the lymph vessels and veins between the @entity35 and @entity1 were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: We report on an @entity254 model involving the use of the lumbar lymphatic duct and iliolumbar veins of @entity35 . The diameter, nature, and placement of the anastomosis using this model are very similar to that noted during real @entity1 surgery. We believe that our @entity35 model will be useful as a practical training model for @entity254 and in studies on postoperative changes in @entity254 .

title: A Novel Lymphaticovenular Anastomosis XXXX Model.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['LVA', 'Lymphaticovenular anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity4269 :: ('MESH:D008209', 'Disease') :: ['lymphedema']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['Rat']


abstract: The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of @entity868 0.75% gel in @entity1 with mild and moderate @entity1909 . Sixty-seven @entity1 with @entity1909 were enrolled. Cases were randomly treated with @entity868 0.75% gel or placebo for four weeks and were additionally followed up for another four weeks. @entity1 were evaluated by scoring before the treatment, once a week during the treatment and twice after the cessation of the treatment within a 15-day interval. Furthermore, @entity1 satisfaction and doctor global evaluation were done at the end of the treatment and of the study as well. In the @entity868 group 33 @entity1 (median age: 26, total severity score: 15.0 +/- 11.0 (median +/- interquartile range) and in the placebo group 34 @entity1 (median age: 26, total severity score: 13.0 +/- 7.5) were enrolled in the study. Three @entity1 from the @entity868 group and four @entity1 from the placebo group did not attend to follow-up visits. Erythema, scales, papule, @entity111 and the total severity scores in both group decreased significantly during the treatment when compared with the basal levels (p < 0.05). There was no difference between the two groups in terms of efficacy (p > 0.05). Total severity scores were found as 7.33 +/- 1.08 and 6.43 +/- 0.93 in the @entity868 and placebo groups at the end of the treatment, respectively. After the cessation of the treatment, all scores had increased rapidly. Total severity scores were 10.40 +/- 1.54 and 11.20 +/- 1.53 in the @entity868 and placebo groups one month after the cessation of the treatment, respectively. Both @entity868 0.75% gel and the placebo were well tolerated by the @entity1 . In conclusion, in the treatment of @entity1909 , administration of @entity868 0.75% gel is well tolerated but it is only as effective as placebo and the disease severity quickly returns to the basal levels after the cessation of treatment.

title: Is @entity868 0.75% gel effective in the treatment of XXXX ? A double-blind, placebo controlled study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1909 :: ('MESH:D003872', 'Disease') :: ['seborrhoeic dermatitis']

entities_list: @entity868 :: ('MESH:D008795', 'Chemical') :: ['metronidazole']

entities_list: @entity111 :: ('MESH:D011537', 'Disease') :: ['pruritus']

answer: @entity1909 :: (MESH:D003872,Disease) :: ['seborrhoeic dermatitis']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Meanwhile a lot of papers have been published concerning the operative treatment of @entity85 of the spine in @entity1691 . Long term results from the @entity1 's view-point on the basis of standardized parameters are not available. This was the intention of this study. MATERIAL AND METHODS: From 1979 to 1982 34 @entity1 underwent surgical correction of a @entity85 of the spine in @entity1691 . Correction was achieved with four v-shaped lumbar osteotomies using Harrington's compression system. Seven to ten years postoperatively the @entity1 were asked to answer a questionnaire containing the Mopo-scales and a few additional questions in order to compare the @entity1 pre- and postoperative status and evaluate the long-term quality of the operative procedure. The Mopo-scales exist of the 8 subscales mobility, physical-, daily-, household-, social activity, @entity158 , @entity308 , @entity148 with 60 questions (items). The statistical analysis was carried out with the Wilcoxon- and Chi-Square-test using a level of significance of p < 0.01. RESULTS: Within all Mopo-subscales most items (n = 47) demonstrated significant improvement of function (p < 0.01). Whereas 11 times no significant changes could be proved, twice a significant impairment was noticed. The latter mentioned 13 items tested activities that would have been performed better in inclination, so that the results do not amaze. Visual analog scales for @entity158 and general health status indicated significant improvement of both. 85.7% of the @entity1 were very satisfied with the result of the operation. CONCLUSION: The results prove the long term value of the operative treatment of @entity85 of the spine in @entity1691 using Harrington's compression system, although meanwhile transpedicular screw fixation instead of hooks is used, as it is well known. It can now be said in detail, which long term influences vertebral osteotomies of the spine for correction have on specific activities and health conditions in these @entity1 .

title: [Surgical treatment of kyphotic @entity85 in XXXX using the Harrington compression system: long-term results based on the MOPO scales in the framework of a retrospective questionnaire].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity1691 :: ('MESH:D013167', 'Disease') :: ['ankylosing spondylitis']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['kyphotic deformities', 'flexion deformity']

answer: @entity1691 :: (MESH:D013167,Disease) :: ['ankylosing spondylitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Abnormal branched myofibers within skeletal muscles are commonly found in diverse animal models of @entity3986 as well as in @entity1 . Branched myofibers from @entity3986 @entity19 are more susceptible to break than unbranched myofibers suggesting that muscles containing a high percentage of these myofibers are more prone to injury. Previous studies showed ubiquitous over-expression of @entity19 olfactory receptor 23 ( @entity66684 ), a G protein-coupled receptor, in wild type @entity19 decreased myofiber branching. Whether @entity66684 over-expression specifically in skeletal muscle cells is sufficient to mitigate myofiber branching in @entity121 is unknown. METHODS: We created a novel transgenic @entity19 over-expressing @entity66684 specifically in muscle cells and then bred with @entity3986 (mdx) @entity19 . Myofiber branching was analyzed in these two @entity19 and membrane integrity was assessed by Evans blue dye fluorescence. RESULTS: @entity66684 over-expression in muscle led to a decrease of myofiber branching after muscle regeneration in non- @entity3986 @entity19 muscles and reduced the severity of myofiber branching in mdx @entity19 muscles. Muscles from mdx @entity19 over-expressing @entity66684 significantly exhibited @entity16 to eccentric contractions than control mdx muscles. CONCLUSIONS: The decrease of myofiber branching in mdx @entity19 muscles over-expressing @entity66684 reduced the amount of membrane damage induced by mechanical stress. These results suggest that modifying myofiber branching in @entity3986 @entity1 , while not preventing @entity528 , could be beneficial for mitigating some of the effects of the disease process.

title: Decrease of myofiber branching via muscle-specific expression of the olfactory receptor @entity66684 in XXXX leads to protection against mechanical stress.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mice', 'mouse', 'transgenic mice']

entities_list: @entity3986 :: ('MESH:D009136', 'Disease') :: ['dystrophic', 'muscular dystrophy']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['less damage']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['dystrophic muscle']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['degeneration']

answer: @entity121 :: (MESH:D009135,Disease) :: ['dystrophic muscle']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Athletes may be at risk for developing adverse health outcomes due to poor eating behaviors during college. Due to the complex nature of the diet, it is difficult to include or exclude individual food items and specific food groups from the diet. Eating behaviors may better characterize the complex interactions between individual food items and specific food groups. The purpose was to examine the Rapid Eating Assessment for @entity1 survey (REAP) as a valid tool for analyzing eating behaviors of NCAA Division-I male and female athletes using pattern identification. Also, to investigate the relationships between derived eating behavior patterns and body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) while stratifying by sex and aesthetic nature of the sport. METHODS: Two independent samples of male (n = 86; n = 139) and female (n = 64; n = 102) collegiate athletes completed the REAP in June-August 2011 (n = 150) and June-August 2012 (n = 241). Principal component analysis (PCA) determined possible factors using @entity13830 athletes. Exploratory (EFA) and confirmatory factor analyses ( @entity3795 ) determined factors accounting for error and confirmed model fit in @entity13831 athletes. @entity13831 athletes' BMI and WC were recorded during a physical exam and sport participation determined classification in aesthetic and non-aesthetic sport. Mean differences in eating behavior pattern score were explored. Regression models examined interactions between pattern scores, participation in aesthetic or non-aesthetic sport, and BMI and waist circumference controlling for age and race. RESULTS: A 5-factor PCA solution accounting for 60.3% of sample variance determined fourteen questions for EFA and @entity3795 . A confirmed solution revealed patterns of Desserts, Healthy food, Meats, High-fat food, and Dairy. Pattern score (mean    SE) differences were found, as non-aesthetic sport males had a higher (better) Dessert score than aesthetic sport males (2.16    0.07 vs. 1.93    0.11). Female aesthetic athletes had a higher score compared to non-aesthetic female athletes for the Dessert (2.11    0.11 vs. 1.88    0.08), Meat (1.95    0.10 vs. 1.72    0.07), High-fat food (1.70    0.08 vs. 1.46    0.06), and Dairy (1.70    0.11 vs. 1.43    0.07) patterns. CONCLUSIONS: REAP is a construct valid tool to assess dietary patterns in college athletes. In light of varying dietary patterns, college athletes should be evaluated for healthful and unhealthful eating behaviors.

title: Validity of the Rapid Eating Assessment for XXXX for assessing dietary patterns in NCAA athletes.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: Pullulanase enzyme (40 U/g, 10  h) was used for enzymatic hydrolysis of @entity415 starch which was autoclaved (121   C/30  min), stored under refrigeration (4   C/24  h) and lyophilized. Comparison of morphological, pasting, textural and thermal properties among native hydrolysed starch (V2) and gelatinized hydrolysed starch (V3) prepared using pullulanase enzyme on @entity415 starch (V1) were studied. The round, elliptical, irregular and oval shape with smooth surface of V1 was replaced with amorphous mass of cohesive structure leading to loss of granular appearance in @entity66449 . The percentage of amylose and resistant starch content of V2 (27.16 %) and (24.16 %); V3 (51.44 %) and (29.35 %) was higher when compared to V1 (22.17 %) and (3.62 %). The swelling power of V1 observed at 60   C (0.85 %) and 95   C (8.64 %) were significantly different from V2 at 60   C (4.97 %) and 95   C (7.66 %) and that of V3 at 60   C (5.82 %) and 95   C (7.5 %). Significance difference in water solubility (7.62 %) and absorption capacity (6.11 %) was noted in V3 when compared with V1 and V2 owing to amylose/amylopectin content. Increase in water solubility and absorption capacity along with decrease in swelling power of @entity66449 was noted due to hydrolytic and thermal process. @entity9712 obtained from hydrolysis showed a reduction in viscosity, indicating the rupture of starch molecules. The viscosity was found to be inversely proportional to the @entity9712 content in the sample. The thermal properties of @entity9712 increased due to the retrogradation and recrystallization (P   <   0.05).

title: Pasting, textural and thermal properties of resistant starch prepared from XXXX ( @entity415 ) starch using pullulanase enzyme.

answer: @entity415 :: (4113,Species) :: ['potato']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to evaluate prospectively the efficacy of subtalar distractional realignment arthrodesis in the treatment of @entity9066 associated with @entity625 , collapse of height, @entity14948 , @entity893 , and widening heel with calcaneofibular abutment. METHODS: Thirty-four @entity1 with severe @entity9066 were treated with a lateral approach, lateral decompression, medial subtalar capsulotomy, and distraction and realignment of the subtalar joint with an anteriorly and laterally tapered wedge bone graft. The @entity1 were evaluated with a functional rating scale and radiographs, both before and after surgery. RESULTS: Thirty-two of the 34 @entity1 were evaluated at a mean of 71 months (range, 60-92 months) after the arthrodesis. Solid subtalar fusion was achieved in 31 of the 32 @entity1 . The average gain of subtalar distraction was 12 mm. Neutral or mild valgus alignment was achieved in 26 of the 32 @entity1 . The mean postoperative score (83) showed significant improvement over the mean preoperative score (47). Overall, the functional rating scale revealed excellent or good results in 26 @entity1 and fair results in 6 @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Coupled with wedge bone grafting, the subtalar distractional realignment arthrodesis achieved restoration of hindfoot height and axial alignment with a good union rate and significant improvement in the majority of @entity1 with @entity9066 .

title: Subtalar distractional realignment arthrodesis with wedge bone grafting and lateral decompression for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['subtalar arthritis']

entities_list: @entity14948 :: ('MESH:C536895', 'Disease') :: ['talonavicular subluxation']

entities_list: @entity9066 :: ('MESH:D036982', 'Disease') :: ['calcaneal malunion']

entities_list: @entity893 :: ('MESH:D017760', 'Disease') :: ['malalignment of the heel axis']

answer: @entity9066 :: (MESH:D036982,Disease) :: ['calcaneal malunion']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of co-administering @entity12350 to @entity1 with inadequate glycemic control following treatment with @entity2449 ( @entity4508 ), @entity5736 (SU), or @entity4508  +  SU. METHODS: A cohort of 25,386 @entity1 with @entity6 (hemoglobin A1c [HbA1C]  >53  mmol/mol or 7%), newly treated with @entity12350 between 2007 and 2013, was sourced from UK general practices via The Health Improvement Network database. Among these, eligible @entity1 were segregated into three groups: @entity4508 (n  =  3364), SU (n  =  509), or @entity4508  +  SU therapy (n  =  5929). The relative efficacy of @entity12350 added to SU or @entity4508  +  SU compared with @entity12350 added to @entity4508 monotherapy was assessed with regards to HbA1c and body weight changes from baseline up to 52  weeks. The glycemic efficacy was a measure of average treatment effects obtained from multivariable linear regression models and propensity score-matching analysis. RESULTS: A total of 9802 @entity1 were included in the study. Overall, addition of @entity12350 100  mg once daily resulted in 5.5  mmol/mol (0.5%) HbA1c reduction (P  <  0.001) and 0.8  kg weight reduction at 1  year (P  <  0.001). Efficacy was similar across the treatment groups, but in @entity1 with baseline HbA1c  >= 9% adding @entity12350 to @entity4508  +  SU produced a significantly smaller reduction in HbA1c when compared to the reference group @entity4508 ( @entity4508  +  SU vs. @entity4508 only: -0.5% vs. -0.7%, P  <  0.001). The mean HbA1c reduction from baseline within this subgroup of @entity1 was not significantly different between SU and @entity4508 monotherapies (-0.8% vs. -0.7%, respectively, P  =  0.4). Across treatment groups, HbA1c reductions with add-on @entity12350 occurred after 24  weeks of treatment with a peak reduction occurring between 36 and 48  weeks, and receded after week 48. CONCLUSION: In a real-world general practice setting, @entity12350 was effective in @entity1 with suboptimal glycemic control with @entity4508 , SU or dual therapy, maximum between 36 and 48  weeks, but in @entity1 with @entity4051 c of  >9% receiving @entity4508  +  SU therapy, adding @entity12350 , as a third agent, conferred minimal benefit.

title: Comparative Efficacy of Adding @entity12350 to XXXX , @entity5736 or Dual Therapy: A Propensity Score-Weighted Cohort Study.

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['type 2 diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity5736 :: ('D013453', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfonylurea']

entities_list: @entity12350 :: ('MESH:C496398', 'Chemical') :: ['sitagliptin']

entities_list: @entity2449 :: ('MESH:D008687', 'Chemical') :: ['metformin']

answer: @entity2449 :: (MESH:D008687,Chemical) :: ['Metformin']


abstract: A 70-year-old @entity1 with @entity1353 on exertion was admitted to our hospital. She had a history of apical @entity1121 ( @entity1121 ) and repeated hospitalization for @entity712 . Results of physical examination were normal except for leg @entity4 . Echocardiography showed apical @entity1121 with preserved LV systolic function (LVEF=70%). Although @entity1353 on exertion and leg @entity4 improved rapidly with the use of diuretics, her symptoms soon worsened when daily activity was started again. In order to examine the effect of preload on hemodynamics, we performed a lower limb positive pressure test by compressing both legs using a household air leg massager. Echocardiography showed increases in mitral E velocity, E/A ratio and pulmonary venous D flow as well as decrease in @entity64 volume during the lower limb positive pressure test. Simultaneously-recorded pressure study also showed elevated LVEDP and increased v wave of pulmonary capillary wedge pressure. These results suggested that even a small increase in preload led to elevation of LVEDP and symptomatic worsening due to severe @entity712 in the present case. The lower limb positive pressure test may be useful for assessing the effect of preload on hemodynamics in @entity1 with @entity712 . J. Med. Invest. 61: 404-408, August, 2014.

title: Utility of lower limb positive pressure test for diagnosis of XXXX : a case report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['diastolic heart failure', 'heart failure']

entities_list: @entity1121 :: ('MESH:D002312', 'Disease') :: ['HCM', 'hypertrophic cardiomyopathy']

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['diastolic heart failure']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity1576 , caused by @entity1 papillomaviruses types 6 and 11 (HPV6/11), are @entity75 with potential for malignant conversion. The cytokine and chemokine micromilieu of @entity1185 is T(H)2-like with a marked absence of @entity379 expression. To illuminate why @entity1 with @entity1724 ( @entity1724 ) fail to effectively control their disease, we further investigated the suppressive cellular microenvironment in @entity1185 . EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: @entity404 (+) @entity2902 (+)CD127(low/-) @entity403 (+) regulatory T cells (Treg) and @entity404 (+) @entity2902 (-)CD127(low/-) @entity403 (-) T cells within @entity1185 were characterized and isolated. Their suppressor function was measured by inhibition of peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) proliferation. Expression of @entity50844 , @entity7986 , and Helios was identified on these T cells. @entity4634 , @entity14797 , @entity14420 , and @entity14421 mRNA was also identified in @entity1185 by quantitative PCR. RESULTS: Functional Tregs were markedly enriched in @entity1185 and strongly inhibited anti-CD3 and anti- @entity1361 antibody activated PBMC proliferation. The natural Treg marker Helios was reduced on Tregs from @entity1185 , indicating that the majority of Tregs in @entity1185 are adaptive. The majority of the @entity1185 -derived @entity404 (+) T cells expressed the @entity404 (+) @entity2902 (-)CD127(low/-) @entity403 (-)PD1(+) @entity7986 (+) phenotype and failed to suppress PBMC proliferation, suggesting that they are chronically activated and exhausted. The Treg-attracting chemokine @entity14421 was equally expressed by all laryngeal tissues examined. However, @entity14420 was robustly expressed by @entity1185 compared with unaffected laryngeal tissues from @entity1724 @entity1 and individuals without @entity1724 . @entity4634 was elevated in @entity1185 compared with control laryngeal tissues. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1185 @entity404 (+) T cells are enriched with functional Tregs, and the adaptive Helios(-) Treg fraction was @entity28236 micromilieu. @entity404 (+) @entity2902 (-)CD127(low/-) @entity403 (-) T-cells failed to suppress PBMC proliferation and may be exhausted. The @entity50844 / @entity4634 pathway may represent an additional immunosuppressive mechanism that contributes to defective HPV6/11 clearance in @entity1724 .

title: Immune suppression in premalignant @entity1576 : enriched functional XXXX + @entity403 + regulatory T cells and @entity50844 / @entity4634 /L2 expression.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1724 :: ('MESH:C535297', 'Disease') :: ['RRP', 'recurrent respiratory papillomatosis']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['premalignant lesions']

entities_list: @entity1185 :: ('MESH:D010212', 'Disease') :: ['papillomas', 'Papilloma', 'papilloma']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['Respiratory papillomas']

entities_list: @entity28236 :: ('MESH:C562875', 'Disease') :: ['increased within the T(H)2-like papilloma']

answer: @entity404 :: (920,Gene) :: ['CD4']


abstract: PURPOSE OF INVESTIGATION: The objective of this retrospective multicenter study was to assess the prognostic relevance of histologic type in uterine @entity242 . METHODS: The hospital reports of 249 @entity1 with uterine @entity242 were reviewed. Surgery was the initial therapy for all @entity1 . Histologic type was @entity1822 in 95 cases, low-grade @entity6019 ( @entity6019 ) in 19, high-grade @entity6019 in 34, and @entity6962 in 101. Postoperative treatment was given without well-defined protocols. Median follow-up of survivors was 97 months. RESULTS: In the whole series 2-year, 5-year, and 10-year survival rates were 53.5%, 41.6%, and 35.8%, respectively, and median survival was 31 months. At univariate analysis survival was significantly related to stage (p = 0.0001), mitotic count (p = 0.0001), and histologic type (low-grade @entity6019 vs @entity1822 vs @entity6962 vs high-grade @entity6019 , median: not reached vs 27 months vs 21 months vs 16.5 months, p = 0.0011), but not to postoperative therapy and @entity1 age. The Cox model revealed that @entity5 stage, mitotic count and histologic type were independent prognostic variables for survival. In detail, the risk of death was significantly lower for low-grade @entity6019 (risk ratio [RR] = 0.257; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.071-0.931) and @entity6962 (RR = 0.509; 955 CI = 0.324-0.799) when compared to @entity1822 . Conversely, no significant difference in survival was found between @entity1822 and high-grade @entity6019 . CONCLUSIONS: Histologic type is an independent prognostic variable for survival in uterine @entity242 . Low-grade @entity6019 has the best clinical outcome, whereas @entity1822 has the poorest one. It is noteworthy that, when adjusting for stage and mitotic count, @entity1822 has a significantly worse prognosis than @entity6962 .

title: The prognostic relevance of histological type in uterine XXXX : a Cooperation Task Force (CTF) multivariate analysis of 249 cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity242 :: ('MESH:D012509', 'Disease') :: ['sarcomas']

entities_list: @entity6019 :: ('MESH:D018203', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial stromal sarcoma', 'ESS']

entities_list: @entity1822 :: ('MESH:D007890', 'Disease') :: ['leiomyosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity6962 :: ('MESH:D002296', 'Disease') :: ['carcinosarcoma']

answer: @entity242 :: (MESH:D012509,Disease) :: ['sarcomas']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of professional training in bereavement care. METHOD: We mailed a questionnaire to 554 Japanese pediatricians. It asked about demographic characteristics, personal support experiences, professional training, @entity458 , recognition of high risk after a @entity1 's death, and eight items relating to awareness in bereavement care. We divided the subjects into two groups based on the presence or absence of professional training and compared them on the basis of each item (  (2) test), and conducted logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Of the 239 respondents, 193 (80.8%) had performed bereavement care. The final number included in the analysis was 175, after excluding responses with missing data. A total of 46 respondents (26.3%) had attended bereavement care training. The subjects who had had training were more likely to recognize those at high risk for poor psychological recovery, have information about support groups, have a desire to study bereavement care, and understand the necessity of cooperation with mental health specialists. CONCLUSION: Many pediatricians had personally provided support for the bereaved. On logistic analysis, it was considered that four factors (recognition of high risk for poor recovery, information about support, desire to study, and cooperation with professionals) were significantly associated with the professional training. There were no significant differences, however, in @entity458 , helplessness, and @entity1295 . Training programs related to stress management must be improved for pediatricians who feel high levels of @entity458 .

title: Effectiveness of professional training in bereavement care: Survey of Japanese pediatricians supporting families who have lost a XXXX .

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['psychological distress']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['child']


abstract: Earlier studies of resistance to the @entity523 toxin @entity22767 revealed similar levels of resistance among @entity523 and @entity9688 strains of @entity7213 , whereas we anticipated the @entity523 strains to have a higher resistance. Between-strain differences, however, may be concealed by toxin accumulation and/or cross-resistance. Mites do accumulate @entity22767 to a considerable extent, but we have shown before that this cannot explain the lack of difference in resistance. In this paper, we provide evidence against cross-resistance: selection for resistance to a homologous compound from @entity9688 , @entity65379 , did not confer resistance to @entity22767 . Observed increases in resistance levels over generations may be due to induction or selection. To study induction, adult females from a @entity9688 and a @entity523 were exposed to a sublethal dose of @entity22767 . One day after exposure, the @entity9688 gained in resistance to @entity22767 (c. 8-fold), whereas the @entity523 showed a decrease in resistance. These changes in resistance disappeared within three days after exposure, the time the mites need to dispose themselves of the toxin. The results support earlier findings that resistance is induced in the @entity9688 , but not in the @entity523 . To assess the heritability of resistance to @entity22767 , offspring was obtained from individual females, and both the mothers and their offspring were tested for resistance. For the @entity9688 , offspring from susceptible or resistant mothers did not differ in resistance. For the @entity523 , however, offspring from resistant mothers were significantly more resistant to the toxin than offspring from susceptible mothers. This result provides unambiguous evidence that resistance to @entity22767 can be selected for.

title: Resistance to XXXX in @entity7213 : effects of induced resistance, cross-resistance and heritability.

entities_list: @entity22767 :: ('MESH:C009541', 'Chemical') :: ['2-tridecanone']

entities_list: @entity7213 :: ('32264', 'Species') :: ['Tetranychus urticae']

entities_list: @entity523 :: ('4081', 'Species') :: ['tomato strain', 'tomato']

entities_list: @entity9688 :: ('3659', 'Species') :: ['cucumber', 'cucumber strain']

answer: @entity22767 :: (MESH:C009541,Chemical) :: ['2-tridecanone']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To analyze 3-year actual disease-free survival after laparoscopy-assisted gastrectomy for @entity356 on the assumption that 3-year disease-free survival may represent 5-year overall survival. DESIGN: Retrospective analysis. SETTING: Department of surgery of a university hospital. @entity1 : A total of 197 @entity1 who underwent laparoscopy-assisted gastrectomy for @entity356 from May 1998 to September 2007 and who were followed up for more than 3 years. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Feasibility and long-term survival rate with survival analysis by the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS: Subtotal and total gastrectomies were performed in 178 and 19 @entity1 , respectively. The scope of the lymph node dissections were D1 + beta (n = 152) and D2 (n = 45). There were 153, 28, 8, 6, 1, and 1 @entity1 in stages Ia, Ib, II, IIIa, IIIb, and IV, respectively. The median follow-up was 45 months (range, 1-113 months), and there were 7 recurrences. Multivariate analysis of disease-specific survival showed that depth of invasion and lymph node @entity3 influenced the prognosis independently. The actual 3-year disease-free survival rate for all @entity1 was 96.9%. The 173 @entity1 with @entity356 and 24 with advanced @entity356 showed 98.8% and 79.1% actual 3-year disease-free survival rates, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopy-assisted gastrectomy is acceptable oncologically in @entity356 if 3-year disease-free survival represents 5-year overall survival. Laparoscopy-assisted gastrectomy may also play an important role in the treatment of advanced @entity356 .

title: Actual 3-year survival after laparoscopy-assisted gastrectomy for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer', 'early gastric cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['gastric cancer']


abstract: In the Tunisian population, as yet a limited number of @entity6069 germline mutations have been reported in @entity5344 . These mutations are located in a few exons of @entity6069 . The aim of the present study was to search for these mutations in 66 unrelated @entity1 with @entity5344 in order to assess the interest in such a targeted approach for genetic testing in Tunisia. Blood specimens from the 66 Tunisian @entity1 , with family history of @entity5344 , were collected at the Salah Azaiz Cancer Institute of Tunis. The exons 5, 20 and part of exon 11 of @entity5345 as well as part of exons 10 and 11 of @entity2674 were analyzed by Sanger sequencing. 12 @entity1 had deleterious mutations in the @entity5345 or @entity2674 genes (18%), including a novel frame-shift mutation of @entity5345 ( @entity64815 ; @entity64816 ). Four distinct @entity5345 mutations were detected eight @entity1 : @entity30071 ( @entity26207 ) and @entity64817 ( @entity64818 ) each in three @entity1 , @entity64815 ( @entity64819 ) and @entity64820 ( @entity64821 ) each in one @entity1 . The four remaining cases all carried the same @entity2674 mutation, @entity64822 ( @entity64823 ). Besides these deleterious mutations, eight polymorphisms and unclassified variants were detected, one of them being never reported (BRCA1 @entity64824 , @entity64825 ). In this study, we show that targeting relevant exons in @entity5345 and @entity2674 genes allows detection of a substantial percentage of mutations in the Tunisian population. Therefore such an approach may be of interest in genetic testing of high-risk @entity5344 families in Tunisia.

title: Screening for common mutations in XXXX and @entity2674 genes: interest in genetic testing of Tunisian families with @entity5344 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5344 :: ('MESH:D061325', 'Disease') :: ['breast and/or ovarian cancer', 'hereditary breast and/or ovarian cancer', 'breast and ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity64823 :: ('c|DEL|1538|AAGA', 'DNAMutation') :: ['1538delAAGA']

entities_list: @entity64825 :: ('p|SUB|P|1010|P', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['p.Pro1010Pro']

answer: @entity5345 :: (672,Gene) :: ['BRCA1']


abstract: @entity1 have two nearly identical copies of the survival motor neuron (SMN ) gene, @entity11280 and @entity23247 . Homozygous loss of @entity11280 causes @entity2057 ( @entity2057 ). @entity23247 is unable to prevent the disease due to skipping of exon 7. Using a systematic approach of in vivo selection, we have previously demonstrated that a weak 5' splice site (ss) serves as the major cause of skipping of @entity23247 exon 7. Here we show the inhibitory impact of RNA structure on the weak 5' ss of exon 7. We call this structure terminal stem-loop 2 (TSL2). Confirming the inhibitory nature of TSL2, point mutations that destabilize TSL2 promote exon 7 inclusion in @entity23247 , whereas strengthening of TSL2 promotes exon 7 skipping even in @entity11280 . We also demonstrate that TSL2 negatively affects the recruitment of @entity8106 at the 5' ss of exon 7. Using enzymatic structure probing, we confirm that the sequence at the junction of exon 7/intron 7 folds into TSL2 and show that mutations in TSL2 cause predicted structural changes in this region. Our findings reveal for the first time the critical role of RNA structure in regulation of alternative splicing of @entity1 SMN.

title: Modulating role of RNA structure in alternative splicing of a critical exon in the XXXX genes.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'Humans']

entities_list: @entity2057 :: ('MESH:D009133', 'Disease') :: ['spinal muscular atrophy', 'SMA']

answer: @entity2057 :: (MESH:D009133,Disease) :: ['spinal muscular atrophy']


abstract: The use of optical tracking systems in computer assisted surgical navigation requires the rigid fixation of a dynamic reference base to the target bone to be navigated. This report presents the results of a new approach to optical tracker fixation in the distal femur. Four embalmed cadavers were evaluated for @entity7894 placement. It was found that placement of pins from medial to lateral parallel to the transepicondylar axis placed the pins well posterior to the center of the intramedullary canal and away from @entity531 . Eighty-six consecutive @entity1 underwent total knee arthroplasty using this new technique. All procedures were successful for performing a navigation-assisted total knee replacement. Obesity was not a factor, nor was there any loosening of the @entity7894 array during the procedure. There were no wound-healing problems in any @entity1 . At one year follow-up, no @entity1 could identify subjective symptoms related to either the medial epicondylar area or the stab wound portals. No direct @entity531 were noted and no @entity1 developed a @entity174 of the femur related to the @entity7894 sites. CONCLUSION: A new technique is described that facilitates @entity7894 placement for minimally invasive approaches while eliminating complications. Sagittal plane optical array orientation simplifies the surgical technique.

title: Transepicondylar distal femoral XXXX placement in computer assisted surgical navigation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity531 :: ('MESH:D013901', 'Disease') :: ['neurovascular structures', 'neurovascular injuries']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

answer: @entity7894 :: (8655,Gene) :: ['pin']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Different clinical presentations and prognoses have been implied between @entity788 . We aimed to identify the prognostic relevance of @entity5 location in @entity1 undergoing resection for @entity1124 ( @entity1124 ). Thirty-two pairs of @entity1 with strictly matched early stage (II) @entity788 were enrolled. The molecular feature of the two subtypes of @entity1124 was assessed on the level of miRNA expression. Out of the 64 @entity1 , 34 (53.1%) had @entity5 recurrence after radical resection during the follow-up period (2.3    0.8 years). Both overall and @entity5 -free survival were significantly higher in the @entity1 with @entity788 compared with those with @entity788 . @entity1 age and @entity5 location were the independent prognostic factors for @entity5 recurrence. A remarkably lower expression of miR-501-3p and higher expression of @entity26261 were found and were further verified in @entity788 tissues compared with @entity788 tissues. The low expression of miR-501-3p was significantly associated with a low risk of @entity5 recurrence. Both, subcutaneous and orthotopic @entity1124 @entity19 models presented highly invasive @entity5 phenotypes upon up-regulated miR-501-3p expression. An in vitro study showed that miR-501-3p promoted the invasiveness of @entity1124 cells possibly via suppressing @entity5962 . In summary, at resectable early stage, @entity788 presents a less malignant phenotype associated with deregulation of miR-501-3p compared with @entity788 .

title: The prognostic relevance of @entity5 location in XXXX undergoing resection for @entity1124 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic head and body/tail cancers', 'pancreatic body/tail cancer', 'pancreatic head cancer']

entities_list: @entity1124 :: ('MESH:D021441', 'Disease') :: ['PDAC', 'pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'primary tumor']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']