abstract: One-third of all @entity1 experience heavy @entity548 at some point in their life. In western countries, about 5% of @entity1 of reproductive age will seek help for @entity931 annually. Half of all @entity1 who consult for @entity931 have some @entity1478 , most often @entity2909 (among @entity1 under 40 years of age) and @entity1478 (above 40 years of age). Appropriate treatment considerably improves the quality of life of these @entity1 , and it is important to make a rigorous assessment of the @entity1 to provide the best treatment options. This guideline provides instructions on how to examine and treat @entity1 of fertile age who have @entity931 . The subject's own assessment of the amount of menstrual @entity190 does not generally reflect the true amount. All @entity1 should undergo a pelvic examination and, if the menstrual pattern has changed substantially or if @entity417 is present, a vaginal sonography should be carried out as the most important supplemental examination. Vaginal sonography combined with an endometrial biopsy is a reliable method for diagnosing @entity1204 , but it is insufficient for diagnosing @entity1478 and @entity2909 ; these can be diagnosed more reliably by sonohysterography or hysteroscopy. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and @entity927 reduce menstrual @entity190 by 20-60%, and the effectiveness of a hormonal intrauterine system (IUS) is comparable with that of endometrial ablation or hysterectomy. Cyclic progestogens do not significantly reduce @entity548 of @entity1 who ovulate. Treatment should be started with one of the drug therapies, i.e. the IUS, @entity927 , anti-inflammatory drugs, or oral contraceptive. Drug treatment should be used and evaluated before surgical interventions are considered. With an effective training and feedback system, it is possible to organise the diagnostics, medical treatment and follow-up of heavy @entity548 in the primary health care setting or in outpatient clinics, which reduces the burden on specialist health care.

title: Diagnosis and treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1204 :: ('MESH:D016889', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial hyperplasia or carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['menstrual bleeding']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity1478 :: ('MESH:D014591', 'Disease') :: ['uterine abnormality', 'endometrial polyps']

entities_list: @entity927 :: ('MESH:D014148', 'Chemical') :: ['tranexamic acid']

entities_list: @entity931 :: ('MESH:D008595', 'Disease') :: ['hypermenorrhea', 'menorrhagia']

answer: @entity931 :: (MESH:D008595,Disease) :: ['menorrhagia']


abstract: Several microscopy techniques are available today that can detect a specific protein within the cell. During the last decade live cell imaging using fluorochromes like Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) directly attached to the protein of interest has become increasingly popular. Using GFP and similar fluorochromes the subcellular localisations and movements of proteins can be detected in a fluorescent microscope. Moreover, also the subnuclear localisation of a certain region of a chromosome can be studied using this technique. GFP is fused to the Lac Repressor protein (LacR) and ectopically expressed in the cell where tandem repeats of the lacO sequence has been inserted into the region of interest on the chromosome. The LacR-GFP will bind to the lacO repeats and that area of the genome will be visible as a green dot in the fluorescence microscope. @entity375 is especially suited for this type of manipulation since homologous recombination is very efficient and thereby enables targeted integration of the lacO repeats and engineered fusion proteins with GFP. Here we describe a quantitative method for live cell analysis of @entity6739 . Additional protocols for live cell analysis of @entity6739 can be found, for example on how to make a movie of the meiotic chromosomal behaviour. In this particular experiment we focus on subnuclear organisation and how it is affected during gene induction. We have labelled a gene cluster, named Chr1, by the introduction of lacO binding sites in the vicinity of the genes. The gene cluster is enriched for genes that are induced early during @entity1568 starvation of @entity6739 . In the strain the nuclear membrane (NM) is labelled by the attachment of mCherry to the NM protein Cut11 giving rise to a red fluorescent signal. The Spindle Pole body (SPB) compound Sid4 is fused to Red Fluorescent Protein (Sid4-mRFP). In vegetatively growing @entity375 cells the centromeres are always attached to the SPB that is embedded in the NM. The SPB is identified as a large round structure in the NM. By imaging before and 20 minutes after depletion of the @entity1568 source we can determine the distance between the gene cluster (GFP) and the NM/SPB. The mean or median distances before and after @entity1568 depletion are compared and we can thus quantify whether or not there is a shift in subcellular localisation of the gene cluster after @entity1568 depletion.

title: Quantitative live cell fluorescence-microscopy analysis of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity6739 :: ('4896', 'Species') :: ['fission yeast']

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen']

answer: @entity6739 :: (4896,Species) :: ['fission yeast']


abstract: Chronic stress affects brain areas involved in learning and emotional responses. These alterations have been related with the development of @entity73 in @entity308 . The aim of this study was to determine the effect of chronic immobilization stress on the auditory and visual mesencephalic regions in the @entity35 brain. We analyzed in Golgi preparations whether stress impairs the neuronal morphology of the inferior (auditory processing) and superior colliculi (visual processing). Afterward, we examined the effect of stress on acoustic and visual conditioning using an avoidance conditioning test. We found that stress induced @entity194 in @entity528 and did not affect neuronal morphology in the superior colliculus. Furthermore, stressed @entity35 showed a stronger impairment in acoustic conditioning than in visual conditioning. Fifteen days post-stress the @entity528 restored their dendritic structure, showing a high level of neural plasticity that is correlated with an improvement in acoustic learning. These results suggest that chronic stress has more deleterious effects in the @entity227 and may affect the aversive system and fear-like behaviors. Our study opens a new approach to understand the pathophysiology of stress and stress-related disorders such as @entity308 .

title: Chronic stress impairs acoustic conditioning more than visual conditioning in XXXX : morphological and behavioural evidence.

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['subcortical auditory system than in the visual system']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['major depression']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive deficits']

entities_list: @entity194 :: ('MESH:D001284', 'Disease') :: ['dendritic atrophy']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['inferior colliculus neurons completely', 'inferior colliculus neurons']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: From December 1995 to March 1997 fifty @entity1 with @entity583 , had 57 stents implanted. Mean time since the beginning of symptoms to the procedure was 3.7 +/- 2.9 hours. Twenty-four stents were implanted "de novo", 17 for "sub-optimal" results, 5 for threatened closure and eleven for complex dissection. The arteries treated with stent were left anterior descending in 42%, right coronary in 42%, circumflex in 10%, vein grafts in 4%, intermedial branch in 1% and marginal obtuse branch in 1%. Stent used in most of the cases was AVE in 67% followed by Palmaz-Schatz, Wiktor, Crown, Gianturco-Roubin and Wallstent. Before procedure, coronary flow was TIMI 0 in 66% TIMI 1 in 10% and TIMI 2 in 24%. After procedure, TIMI 3 coronary flow was achieved in 92% of the arteries and other four had "no-reflow" phenomenon. Mean stenosis before procedure was 96% +/- 3.1 and after stenting was 1.76% +/- 2.6 with a stent/artery diameter rate of 1.01. Technical success was 100% and clinical success was achieved in 96% of the cases. Two cases were not successfully due to acute @entity715 closure in one @entity1 and in another one because of @entity1455 after two days of a technical successful implantation of stent in LAD artery. There were not recurrent @entity63 events (CABG, re- @entity1188 or new coronary angioplasty procedure). Other two @entity1 died for @entity299 ( @entity656 in one and by @entity326 in other). At the time of discharge 96% of @entity1 were treated with @entity117 and @entity1396 . Major @entity1410 was evident in only one case. At a mean follow-up time of 5.6 months +/- 4.2 in 45 @entity1 showed that 73% were in functional class I and none of them had re- @entity1188 , @entity204 or needed a new revascularization. CONCLUSION: Stent implantation in @entity583 is feasible and safe procedure with a low rate of @entity63 recurrent events.

title: [Coronary stent in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity656 :: ('MESH:D019283', 'Disease') :: ['acute pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity326 :: ('MESH:D012772', 'Disease') :: ['septic shock']

entities_list: @entity1396 :: ('MESH:D013988', 'Chemical') :: ['ticlopidine']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarction']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['non-cardiac events']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['acute myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity1455 :: ('MESH:D012770', 'Disease') :: ['cardiogenic shock']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombotic']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['acute myocardial infarction']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Venous blood collection is a cumbersome and uncomfortable procedure during @entity99 surveillance. Collection of capillary blood by finger prick is an alternative method. AIM: To evaluate the reactivity of capillary @entity1956 (HAV) IgG stored on filter paper disks for detection of anti- @entity1956 antibody. METHODS: Venous blood specimens were collected from healthy individuals. Simultaneous capillary blood specimens obtained by finger prick were stored on filter paper disks. A reference standard of anti- @entity1956 IgG in known concentrations was spotted on filter paper disks. The reactivities of anti- @entity1956 IgG and capillary blood specimens eluted from filter paper disks were tested by blocking ELISA for detection of anti- @entity1956 antibody. The results were evaluated by comparing optical density (OD) and neutralization values with those obtained for WHO anti- @entity1956 IgG stored in liquid phase and homologous venous blood specimens, respectively. RESULTS: Among both venous and capillary-blood specimens stored for 10 days, percent neutralization shown by the same 46 specimens was > 50 and that of the same 3 specimens was < 50, indicating anti- @entity1956 positivity and negativity, respectively. There was significant correlation between the OD values displayed by anti- @entity1956 IgG from liquid phase and that eluted from filter paper disk (p < 0.01). Sixteen serum specimens stored for a period of 2 months showed results similar to those of the corresponding filter paper disk elutes. CONCLUSION: Use of filter paper disks could be a suitable choice for pre- and post-immunization collection of blood specimens during @entity99 surveillance.

title: Use of filter paper disks for XXXX surveillance.

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatitis A']

entities_list: @entity1956 :: ('MESH:D006509', 'Disease') :: ['HAV', 'blood/anti-hepatitis A virus']

answer: @entity99 :: (MESH:D056486,Disease) :: ['hepatitis A']


abstract: Over a 3 year period 37 pregnancies were complicated by a @entity2008 . In the two cases of trisomy 13, @entity10146 , facial clefting, @entity5767 and @entity851 were seen. In the seven cases of trisomy 18, @entity2526 , face and heart were common. @entity851 and @entity2914 were also demonstrated. In the 21 cases of @entity1467 the @entity854 were cardiac, duodenal @entity1146 and @entity154 . The two fetuses with triploidy showed a large hydropic placenta and @entity10146 respectively, and all five cases of @entity2689 demonstrated a @entity3609 two of which were associated with @entity4 . From the antenatal scans @entity154 were detected in 18 fetuses, however, @entity66 was suspected in only 15 cases. This was in part owing to a high false negative rate for @entity299 (14 cases) in both routine and detailed scans. Owing to the @entity154 present in @entity66 full assessment of the fetus is recommended with particular attention to the fetal heart, face, hands and feet. Specific anomalies are suggested for karyotype.

title: The ultrasound markers of XXXX : a retrospective study.

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['diversity of anomalies', 'subtle digital anomalies', 'major anomalies']

entities_list: @entity3609 :: ('MESH:D018191', 'Disease') :: ['cystic hygroma']

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['Growth retardation', 'growth retardation']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['chromosomal disease']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['hydrops']

entities_list: @entity5767 :: ('MESH:D017689', 'Disease') :: ['polydactyly']

entities_list: @entity2526 :: ('MESH:D025063', 'Disease') :: ['abnormalities of the extremities']

entities_list: @entity2914 :: ('MESH:D065630', 'Disease') :: ['diaphragmatic hernia']

entities_list: @entity10146 :: ('MESH:D016142', 'Disease') :: ['holoprosencephaly']

entities_list: @entity1467 :: ('MESH:D004314', 'Disease') :: ["Down's syndrome"]

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['main abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity2689 :: ('MESH:D014424', 'Disease') :: ["Turner's syndrome"]

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac anomalies']

entities_list: @entity2008 :: ('MESH:D002869', 'Disease') :: ['chromosomal abnormality']

answer: @entity66 :: (MESH:D004194,Disease) :: ['chromosomal disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIM: Biochemical failure after radiotherapy for @entity263 occurs infrequently, but some cases progress to a poor outcome. The aim of this study was to examine prognosis after biochemical failure. @entity1 AND METHODS: A total of 728 @entity1 were treated with @entity505 ion radiotherapy, and biochemical failure occurred in 90 (12.4%). Their outcomes were examined according to risk factors, histological findings, and @entity342 deprivation therapy (ADT). RESULTS: Biochemical failure rates were 12%, 6%, and 15% in low-, intermediate- and high-risk @entity1 . Most @entity1 responded favorably to salvage therapy. Some high-risk @entity1 (25%) progressed to poor outcome; half experienced failure after ADT, while the rest during ADT, indicating that ADT had a slight influence. @entity1 who died from their disease had approximately two years of biochemical failure-free time and three years of survival after failure. Their @entity5 showed the presence and the increased proportion of histologically high-grade growth patterns. CONCLUSION: Histological growth patterns and short biochemical failure-free time are prognostic factors for poor outcome regardless of ADT.

title: Biochemical failure after XXXX ion radiotherapy for @entity263 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen']

answer: @entity505 :: (MESH:D002244,Chemical) :: ['carbon']


abstract: The role of energy imbalance versus psychosocial stress in the pathogenesis of female reproductive dysfunction characterized by @entity3206 and @entity2588 remains controversial. In @entity1 , functional @entity1640 can develop in the absence of significant weight loss, excessive exercise, or profound @entity2673 . We posited, therefore, that commonplace, seemingly minor stressors that alone would have minimal impact upon reproductive function might interact synergistically such that combinations of stressors would cause a greater impairment of the reproductive axis than any single stressor alone. We then developed a monkey model to test this hypothesis. Adult female @entity5434 with normal menstrual cycles were randomized into three experimental groups and studied over four menstrual cycles. The groups were: low-level psychosocial stress (i.e., moving to a new housing environment; Move, n = 8), moderate energy imbalance (Exercise + Diet, n = 9); and all stressors in combination (Move + Exercise + Diet, n = 10). Food intake, body weight, menstrual cyclicity, and reproductive hormones were assessed for two control menstrual cycles followed by two experimental cycles during which the monkeys experienced the stressors. Abnormal cycles were considered to be abnormally long or anovulatory cycles. Few abnormal cycles occurred in the Move group (1 of 8 monkeys) and in the Exercise + Diet group (1 of 9 monkeys). In contrast, 7 of 10 monkeys in the Move + Exercise + Diet group displayed at least one abnormal cycle (chi(2) = 9.61, P = 0.008). These findings suggest that @entity249 due to @entity1640 can result from the combination of commonplace, seemingly minor stressors that often escape clinical attention.

title: Synergism between psychosocial and metabolic stressors: impact on reproductive function in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity249 :: ('MESH:D007246', 'Disease') :: ['infertility']

entities_list: @entity1640 :: ('MESH:D007027', 'Disease') :: ['hypothalamic amenorrhea', 'hypothalamic hypogonadism']

entities_list: @entity3206 :: ('MESH:D000858', 'Disease') :: ['anovulation']

entities_list: @entity5434 :: ('9541', 'Species') :: ['cynomolgus monkeys']

entities_list: @entity2673 :: ('MESH:C535569', 'Disease') :: ['psychosocial disruption']

entities_list: @entity2588 :: ('MESH:D000568', 'Disease') :: ['amenorrhea']

answer: @entity5434 :: (9541,Species) :: ['cynomolgus monkeys']


abstract: PURPOSE: Ninety-five percent of @entity1 with @entity981 ( @entity981 ) will achieve a remission, but approximately 25% will relapse. Identifying these @entity1 is difficult, as @entity1 with adverse prognostic features at presentation are rare and the majority are standard risk. Analysis of @entity41 ( @entity41 ) may be able to determine those at risk of relapse, but the best method by which this can be accomplished has yet to be defined. The object of this study was to determine the predictive value of @entity66 detection in a group of standard-risk @entity1 with precursor-B @entity981 at a fixed point in therapy (week 20) using a simple fluorescent consensus immunoglobulin H (IgH) heavy chain polymerase chain reaction (PCR). @entity1 AND METHODS: Forty-two @entity1 who presented with precursor-B @entity981 with standard-risk clinical features and treated according to either the Medical Research Council (MRC) UKALL X or XI protocols were assessed using a combination of both fluorescent consensus framework I and framework III Ig heavy-chain PCR. The results of the PCR were analyzed on an ABI 373 gene sequencer with genescan software (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA). Clonal rearrangements detected at presentation were looked for at week 20. RESULTS: Of 42 @entity1 , 35 had a clonal population detectable at presentation; of these, seven had more than two clonal rearrangements; this latter group showed a similar disease-free survival (DFS) to the group as a whole. Thirty of 35 @entity1 were analyzed before their second course of intensification therapy at week 20. At this point, nine of 30 had a detectable clonal rearrangement, eight (89%) of whom have since relapsed with a median DFS of 27.5 months. Of the rest of the group (n=21), in whom no clonal rearrangement was detectable, only six (21%) have relapsed. CONCLUSION: Fluorescent IgH PCR at week 20 provides a sensitive and specific means to predict ultimate relapse (57% and 89%, respectively) and is a simple yet promising technique for the identification of @entity1 at risk of poor outcome.

title: XXXX detection using fluorescent polymerase chain reaction at 20 weeks of therapy predicts clinical outcome in childhood @entity981 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity981 :: ('MESH:D054198', 'Disease') :: ['ALL', 'acute lymphoblastic leukemia']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['residual disease']

entities_list: @entity41 :: ('MESH:D018365', 'Disease') :: ['MRD', 'minimal residual disease']

answer: @entity66 :: (MESH:D004194,Disease) :: ['Residual disease']


abstract: @entity4664 contents were determined in @entity1 @entity1315 . In the seven @entity1 studied, stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) located the epileptogenic focus in Ammon's horn and neuropathological findings were limited to @entity131 and @entity1463 . Each @entity4664 exhibited a specific regional distribution. The most important variations were observed for @entity11667 and @entity8037 while @entity7224 levels varied less. The regional variation was predominant in middle > posterior > anterior parts of the temporal lobe. @entity8037 contents and the @entity11667 / @entity8037 (SPD/SPM) index varied especially in the middle and posterior parts of the hippocampus. Metabolic SPD/SPM index and @entity11667 levels were found to be drastically increased in almost all limbic parts when compared to neocortical regions. The opposite was observed for @entity8037 . The heterogeneous distribution of @entity4663 was compared to abnormal electrical activities recorded by SEEG: SPD/SPM index and @entity11667 levels were sharply increased in @entity410 onset areas and high levels of @entity8037 were detected in temporal cortex propagation areas. The presently reported heterogeneity of @entity4664 contents might contribute to modulate differentially the local control of excitability in @entity1 @entity25474 .

title: Heterogeneous distribution of XXXX in @entity1315 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['hippocampal gliosis']

entities_list: @entity8037 :: ('MESH:D013096', 'Chemical') :: ['spermine', 'Spermine']

entities_list: @entity7224 :: ('MESH:D011700', 'Chemical') :: ['putrescine']

entities_list: @entity1463 :: ('MESH:D012598', 'Disease') :: ['sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity4663 :: ('MESH:D011073', 'Chemical') :: ['polyamines']

entities_list: @entity1315 :: ('MESH:D004833', 'Disease') :: ['temporal lobe epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity4664 :: ('CHEBI:60143', 'Chemical') :: ['Polyamine', 'polyamine']

entities_list: @entity25474 :: ('MESH:C536956', 'Disease') :: ['temporal epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity11667 :: ('MESH:D013095', 'Chemical') :: ['spermidine']

answer: @entity4663 :: (MESH:D011073,Chemical) :: ['polyamines']


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine the @entity1416 as a primary therapy in the management of symptomatic @entity2909 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Uterine @entity1416 was performed in 53 @entity1 (age range, 33-58 years) with @entity931 , bulk-related symptoms (frequency of urination, sensation of pressure, sensation of mass), or both, due to @entity2909 . The effectiveness of this therapy in the control of symptoms and the @entity1 ' acceptance of the treatment were measured by means of the information from @entity1 interviews 3 months after the procedure. RESULTS: Fifty-two (98%) of the 53 @entity1 had technically successful procedures and were interviewed 3 months after embolization. Forty-six (88%) of these @entity1 reported marked improvement in their @entity548 . Twenty-nine (94%) of the 31 @entity1 with bulk-related symptoms reported marked improvement in these symptoms. Follow-up ultrasonographic examinations showed a mean 46% reduction in uterine volume. Forty-one @entity1 interviewed (79%) would choose this procedure again, eight (15%) would consider choosing this procedure again, and only three (6%) would choose another treatment option. CONCLUSION: Uterine @entity1416 is an effective therapy in the management of symptomatic @entity2909 and may prove to be a valuable alternative to myomectomy, hysterectomy, or other surgical procedures. Further investigation is warranted.

title: Uterine XXXX for the management of @entity2909 : quality-of-life assessment and clinical response.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['abnormal bleeding']

entities_list: @entity1416 :: ('MESH:D020762', 'Disease') :: ['arterial embolization', 'effectiveness of uterine arterial embolization']

entities_list: @entity931 :: ('MESH:D008595', 'Disease') :: ['menorrhagia']

entities_list: @entity2909 :: ('MESH:D007889', 'Disease') :: ['leiomyomas']

answer: @entity1416 :: (MESH:D020762,Disease) :: ['arterial embolization']


abstract: Present study relates to the results of investigations on 16 @entity1 with @entity1691 ( @entity1691 ). Age of the @entity1 ranged from 16 to 44 (median 25) years. Male female ratio was 4.3:1. Sacroileitis was detected in all the @entity1 . Seven @entity1 each had stage 1 and 2 disease. Two other @entity1 had stage 3 disease. Lower mean Hb per cent was detected among @entity1 as compared to control groups. Twelve of 16 (75 per cent) @entity1 had @entity1712 . @entity1530 antigen was detected in 10 of 16 (62.5 per cent) @entity1 . Streptokinase-induced delayed sensitivity was detected in 10 of 16 (62.5 per cent) patients. Anti-streptolysin 'O' antibodies were detected in 2 of 16 @entity1 ' sera. Moderate negative correlation was found between the size of induration of skin test and haemoglobin concentration (P < 0.05). Possibly, delayed @entity56 might induce both @entity1712 as well as @entity417 among @entity1691 @entity1 .

title: Possible role of streptokinase-induced delayed @entity56 and @entity1712 in pathogenesis of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1712 :: ('MESH:D004802', 'Disease') :: ['eosinophilia']

entities_list: @entity1691 :: ('MESH:D013167', 'Disease') :: ['Ankylosing spondylitis', 'AS']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['hypersensitivity']

answer: @entity1691 :: (MESH:D013167,Disease) :: ['ankylosing spondylitis']


abstract: Active growth and differentiation of endometrial stromal cells during the decidualization of early pregnancy are followed by programmed cell death (apoptosis) in the antimesometrial region of the decidua. The location and temporal specificity of decidual cell apoptosis and the identification of @entity1810 ( @entity1810 ) and @entity4579 protein and mRNA in the decidua suggested that members of the @entity1810 family control stromal apoptosis by autocrine or paracrine mechanisms. To examine this possibility, ovariectomized @entity35 were pretreated sequentially with @entity53 (2 days), no treatment (2 days), and @entity11796 48 h before death. Endometrial stromal cells were selectively isolated by enzymatic digestion and cultured for 48 h before the experiments. The addition of @entity1810 (10(-9)-10(-12) M) stimulated a dose-dependent increase in 200-basepair nucleosomal fragmentation of DNA, indicating increased apoptosis. @entity1810 and @entity4579 had an equivalent effect in stimulating stromal apoptosis. If an autocrine or paracrine mechanism is responsible for the control of stromal apoptosis, increased apoptosis in cultures at high cell density and stromal secretion of @entity1810 would be expected. Increasing the density of stromal cell cultures increased levels of nucleosomal DNA fragmentation. To examine stromal secretion of @entity2140 , cell cultures were incubated with defined medium, and concentrated media were subjected to immunoblot analysis using antibodies specific for @entity25205 . Only the antibody to @entity4579 detected secreted @entity2140 . The concentration of the secreted @entity2140 increased with increasing density of cell culture. To determine whether stromal secretion of @entity4579 is responsible for the increasing nucleosomal DNA fragmentation observed with increasing cell density, cells were cultured with and without the addition of neutralizing antibodies to @entity1810 s. The addition of monoclonal antibodies to @entity1810 or @entity4579 ,3 inhibited apoptosis. These data provide evidence that @entity4579 controls apoptosis in endometrial stromal cells in vitro by an autocrine/paracrine mechanism and suggest that this mechanism controls apoptosis in these cells during early pregnancy.

title: Transforming XXXX -beta stimulates endometrial stromal apoptosis in vitro.

entities_list: @entity11796 :: ('MESH:D017258', 'Chemical') :: ['medroxyprogesterone acetate']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['estradiol']

entities_list: @entity1810 :: ('59086(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['TGF beta 1,2,3', 'TGF beta', 'TGF beta 1', 'transforming growth factor-beta 1']

answer: @entity2140 :: (79215(Tax:10116),Gene) :: ['growth factor']


abstract: @entity2828 ( @entity2828 ) is an @entity146 @entity2721 of putative stem cell origin that predominantly occurs in @entity1 and young adults. Although most @entity1 with localized @entity2828 can be cured with intensive therapy, the clinical course is variable and up to one third of @entity1 relapse following initial remission. Unfortunately, little is yet known about the biologic features that distinguish low-risk from high-risk disease or the mechanisms of @entity2828 disease progression. Recent reports have suggested that putative @entity5 stem cells exist in @entity2828 and may contribute to an @entity146 phenotype. The cell surface receptor @entity368 -rich repeat-containing G-protein coupled receptor 5 ( @entity15739 ) is a somatic stem cell marker that functions as an oncogene in several @entity1 @entity5 , most notably @entity14 . @entity15739 is a receptor for the @entity43077 ( @entity43077 ) family of ligands and @entity43077 -mediated activation of @entity15739 potentiates Wnt/ @entity3546 signaling, contributing to stem cell proliferation and self-renewal. Given its presumed stem cell origin, we investigated whether @entity15739 contributes to @entity2828 pathogenesis. We found that @entity15739 is expressed by @entity2828 and that its expression is relatively increased in cells and @entity5 that display a more @entity146 phenotype. In particular, @entity15739 expression was increased in putative @entity5 stem cells. We also found that neural crest-derived stem cells express @entity15739 , raising the possibility that expression of @entity15739 may be a feature of @entity2828 cells of origin. @entity15739 -high @entity2828 cells showed nuclear localization of @entity3546 and robust activation of TCF reporter activity when exposed to Wnt ligand and this was potentiated by @entity43077 . However, modulation of @entity15739 or exposure to @entity43077 had no impact on proliferation confirming that Wnt/ @entity3546 signaling in @entity2828 cells does not recapitulate signaling in epithelial cells. Together these studies show that the @entity47654 -Wnt- @entity3546 axis is present and active in @entity2828 and may contribute to @entity5 pathogenesis.

title: @entity15739 is Expressed by Ewing Sarcoma and Potentiates Wnt/ XXXX Signaling.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2828 :: ('MESH:D012512', 'Disease') :: ['ES', 'Ewing sarcoma']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancers', 'cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity368 :: ('CHEBI:25017', 'Chemical') :: ['leucine']

entities_list: @entity2721 :: ('MESH:D018213', 'Disease') :: ['bone and soft tissue tumor']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal carcinoma']

answer: @entity3546 :: (1499,Gene) :: ['b-Catenin']


abstract: PURPOSE: to evaluate the potential use of fluorescence confocal microscopy (FCM) for ex vivo diagnosis and excision margins assessment of @entity44237 . DESIGN: validity study. METHODS: Setting: single institution. @entity1 : consecutive @entity1 with clinically suspicious @entity3169 . INTERVENTION: @entity3169 were excised in toto using a standard "no-touch technique" by a single surgeon (AI). Collected specimens were examined with a commercially available laser scanning fluorescence confocal microscope after immersion in a 0.6 mM solution of @entity8574 Orange dye for 10-20 seconds. Specimens were subsequently processed with standard histological analysis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: FCM diagnosis of the nature and extension of @entity3169 . RESULTS: 16 consecutive @entity1 were included in the study (11 males, 5 females; mean age 58.1    26.1 years, range 10-90). The median time needed to process and analyze a sample with FCM was 15 minutes. 11/16 lesions were identified by FCM as squamous (2 benign @entity1185 , 2 grade 2 conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasias, 7 in situ @entity957 ), and 5 as non-squamous (1 pingueculum, 1 dermolipoma, 2 @entity8205 , 1 @entity320 ). In all cases FCM was able to detect horizontal and vertical extension of the lesion. All FCM findings were confirmed by corresponding subsequent histological examination. CONCLUSIONS: FCM provides a fast ex vivo preliminary diagnosis of suspicious @entity3169 with good histological details and margins assessment, and may represent a novel tool for intra-operative and post-surgical management of @entity5 . This is the first study to investigate ex vivo FCM application in ophthalmology.

title: Fluorescence confocal microscopy for ex vivo diagnosis of XXXX : a pilot study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity8574 :: ('CHEBI:36420', 'Chemical') :: ['Acridine']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['conjunctival tumors']

entities_list: @entity1185 :: ('MESH:D010212', 'Disease') :: ['papillomas']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity8205 :: ('MESH:D009508', 'Disease') :: ['melanocytic nevi']

entities_list: @entity3169 :: ('MESH:D003229', 'Disease') :: ['conjunctival lesions']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma']

entities_list: @entity44237 :: ('MESH:D003230', 'Disease') :: ['conjunctival neoplasms']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['conjunctival tumors']


abstract: @entity32 remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States, across many disease processes. One classic @entity19 model to study this syndrome is lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced @entity1990 ( @entity1990 )-dependent systemic @entity32 . Although most studies have focused on inflammatory cell @entity1990 responses, parenchymal cells also express @entity1990 . Our objective was to define the in vivo role of parenchymal- versus marrow-derived cell activation via @entity1990 during LPS-induced @entity32 . @entity19 bearing @entity1990 on parenchymal cells only, marrow-derived cells only, both, or neither were generated using bone marrow transplantation. Mortality occurred only in @entity19 that had @entity1990 expression on their parenchymal cells. Before onset, virtually all major plasma cytokines and blood neutrophil responses were related to marrow-derived cell activation via @entity1990 . The only cytokine predictive of oncoming systemic @entity32 was the chemokine @entity1750 . Late blood neutrophil responses were related to the presence of @entity1990 on either parenchymal or marrow cells, whereas plasma cytokine elevations late in LPS-induced systemic @entity32 were dependent on @entity19 having @entity1990 in both cell compartments. Parenchymal cell activation via @entity1990 is a key component of LPS-induced systemic @entity32 and mortality, although most plasma cytokine levels and blood neutrophil responses were not key components. Given its unique role, future studies into @entity1750 's exact role during systemic @entity32 are warranted.

title: LPS-induced @entity19 systemic @entity32 is driven by parenchymal cell activation and exclusively predicted by early XXXX plasma levels.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation', 'Systemic inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1750 :: ('20296(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['monocyte chemoattractant protein-1']

answer: @entity1750 :: (20296(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['MCP-1']


abstract: Two forms of spliceosomes were found in higher eukaryotes. The major form contains the U1, U2, U4, U5, and U6 snRNAs; the minor form contains the @entity39822 , @entity39821 , @entity49336 , U5, and @entity49337 snRNAs. Assembly and function of the major form are based on a complex dynamic of UsnRNA-UsnRNA and UsnRNA-pre-mRNA interactions, and the involved UsnRNA segments are highly posttranscriptionally modified in plants and vertebrates. To further characterize the minor form of spliceosomes, we looked for the psi residues in HeLa cells' @entity39822 , @entity39821 , @entity49336 , and @entity49337 snRNAs, using chemical approaches. Four psi residues were detected in total for these four atac UsnRNAs, compared to 20 in their counterparts of the major spliceosomes. The two psi residues detected in @entity39821 are also found in U2 snRNA. One of them belongs to the branch-site-recognition sequence. It forms one of the base pairs that bulge out the A residue, responsible for the nucleophilic attack. Conservation of this strategic psi residue probably reflects a functional role. Another psi residue was detected in a @entity49336 snRNA segment involved in formation of helix II with @entity49337 . The fourth one was detected in the additional stem-loop structure present at the 3' end of @entity49337 snRNA. Differences in psi content of the atac and major UsnRNAs of @entity1 cells may participate in the differentiation of the two splicing systems. Based on secondary structure similarity, U2 and @entity39821 snRNAs on the one hand and U4 and @entity49336 snRNAs on the other hand may share common psi synthases.

title: A limited number of pseudouridine residues in the @entity1 atac spliceosomal UsnRNAs as compared to XXXX major spliceosomal UsnRNAs.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: The exact aetiology of @entity3313 in @entity191 ( @entity191 ) remains unclear. A multiplicity of factors may give rise to @entity344 in @entity191 @entity1 . Early recognition and treatment of @entity1142 in @entity191 @entity1 may alter complications like @entity3313 . Treatment of @entity3313 in @entity191 @entity1 does not differ from other @entity1 and involves endoscopic detorsion. If feasible, secondary sigmoidal resection should be performed. However, if the expected surgical morbidity and mortality is unacceptably high or if the @entity1 refuses surgery, percutaneous endoscopic colostomy (PEC) should be considered. We describe an elderly @entity191 @entity1 who presented with @entity3313 . She was treated conservatively with endoscopic detorsion. Surgery was consistently refused by the @entity1 . After recurrence of the @entity3313 a PEC was placed.

title: Treatment of recurrent @entity3313 in XXXX by percutaneous endoscopic colostomy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3313 :: ('MESH:D045822', 'Disease') :: ['sigmoid volvulus']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['decreased gastrointestinal function']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease", 'PD']

entities_list: @entity1142 :: ('MESH:D003248', 'Disease') :: ['constipation']

answer: @entity191 :: (MESH:D010300,Disease) :: ['Parkinson's disease']


abstract: Psychosocial treatments, including group, individual, and family therapies, are of proven efficacy and deserve inclusion as standard components of biomedical treatment for @entity1 with @entity5 . Four issues regarding such treatment are reviewed. The first is need. Significant @entity148 and @entity308 are common (and treatable) problems among the medically ill and represent a major aspect of the burden of illness. Even those with less severe emotional reactions need help coping with the stress of serious illness. The second is methods. Psychotherapy, both group and individual, provides valuable emotional and social support and teaches important symptom management skills. The third is outcome. Psychotherapy has been shown to be effective in improving quality of life and enhancing the ability of the medically ill to cope with their illness. Results of various psychotherapies include reducing @entity308 and @entity148 , improving coping skills, and in some cases, extending survival time. The fourth is cost offset. Appropriate psychotherapeutic intervention saves money by reducing unnecessary office visits, diagnostic tests, medical procedures, and hospital admittance.

title: Health caring. Psychosocial support for @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: It was the aim of this study to compare two regimens for sedation and @entity1337 during ventilator treatment in intensive care @entity1 . Special regard was given to endocrine stress response, neuro-monitoring, hemodynamic parameters and clinical practicability. METHODS: A total number of 16 @entity1 of an operative ICU were randomly allocated to the following groups: (1) @entity3575 -group, approximately 0.2 mg/h @entity3575 , 2.5 mg/h @entity1363 and 2 mg/h @entity6305 in intermittent doses, (2) @entity3652 -group, about 50 mg/h @entity3652 and 2.5 mg/h @entity1363 by syringe pump, in addition 2 mg/h pancuronium. During a period of 2 days and in intervalls of 6 h, plasma levels of @entity1425 and @entity1063 (by HPLC/ECD), @entity6085 , ACTH and @entity701 (by RIA), @entity3652 (by GC) and stress-metabolites ( @entity413 , @entity880 , free @entity653 ) were determined. Hemodynamic parameters were investigated in intervalls of 12 h, EEG (Compressed Spectral Array, CSA) in intervalls of 24 h. In addition, routine laboratory data, vigilance and adaptation to the respirator were observed. RESULTS: Plasma levels of @entity1425 , @entity1063 , @entity935 , @entity6085 , ACTH, @entity701 and stress-metabolites were comparable in both groups. Levels of @entity6085 , ACTH, @entity701 and free @entity653 did not leave the normal range. In three @entity1 , in which @entity1425 - or @entity1063 -infusions were necessary to improve cardiocirculatory stability, this treatment could be finished after beginning of the @entity3652 application. In both groups, CSA showed a dominant delta- und theta-activity according to the clinical aspects of sufficient sedation and @entity1337 . Hemodynamic parameters were comparable in both groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Sedative-analgesic medication in intensive care XXXX needing ventilator treatment].

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity1425 :: ('MESH:D004837', 'Chemical') :: ['adrenaline', 'epinephrine']

entities_list: @entity1337 :: ('MESH:D000699', 'Disease') :: ['analgesia']

entities_list: @entity653 :: ('MESH:D005990', 'Chemical') :: ['glycerol']

entities_list: @entity3652 :: ('MESH:D007649', 'Chemical') :: ['ketamine']

entities_list: @entity3575 :: ('MESH:D005283', 'Chemical') :: ['fentanyl', 'Fentanyl']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity6305 :: ('MESH:D010197', 'Chemical') :: ['pancuronium']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['noradrenaline', 'norepinephrine']

entities_list: @entity1363 :: ('MESH:D008874', 'Chemical') :: ['midazolam']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We sought to evaluate whether different circadian blood pressure (BP) changes could influence the occurrence of @entity63 episodes in untreated and treated @entity101 @entity1 with stable @entity453 ( @entity453 ). BACKGROUND: In @entity101 @entity1 with @entity453 the occurrence of @entity741 could be influenced by either high or low BP values. Ambulatory monitoring has shown that circadian BP profile is not uniform in @entity101 @entity1 . METHODS: Twenty-one @entity1 with a nighttime BP fall < 10% ("nondippers"), 35 with a nighttime BP fall between > 10% and < 20% ("dippers") and 14 with a nighttime BP fall > 20% ("overdippers") with @entity453 underwent simultaneous ambulatory BP and electrocardiographic monitoring before and during drug therapy with @entity3362 and @entity2165 or @entity1855 in a prospective, randomized, open, blinded end point design. RESULTS: Daytime BP was not significantly different among the groups both before and during therapy. Nighttime BP was different by definition. Treatment significantly reduced BP values in each group (p < 0.05). Daytime @entity63 episodes did not differ among the groups either before or during therapy. Drug therapy significantly reduced daytime @entity63 (p < 0.05). In untreated @entity1 , nighttime @entity63 was more frequent in nondippers than in dippers and overdippers (p < 0.05). Drug therapy significantly reduced @entity63 in nondippers (p < 0.05), had no significant effect in dippers and significantly increased nighttime @entity63 in overdippers (p < 0.05). During treatment, nighttime @entity63 was more frequent in overdippers than in dippers and nondippers (p < 0.05). The same results were achieved when @entity63 episodes were defined with more restrictive criteria ( @entity308 > or = 2 mm). CONCLUSIONS: Circadian BP changes can influence the occurrence of @entity741 in untreated and treated @entity101 @entity1 with @entity453 . Nocturnal @entity63 was found to be more frequent in nondippers among untreated @entity1 and in overdippers among treated @entity1 , potentially suggesting different therapeutic approaches based on circadian BP profile.

title: Circadian blood pressure changes and @entity741 in XXXX @entity1 with @entity453 .

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['ST segment depression']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['nocturnal ischemia', 'ischemia', 'ischemic']

entities_list: @entity3362 :: ('MESH:D009566', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrates']

entities_list: @entity1855 :: ('MESH:D014700', 'Chemical') :: ['verapamil']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial ischemia']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['CAD', 'coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity2165 :: ('MESH:D001262', 'Chemical') :: ['atenolol']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertensive']


abstract: PURPOSE: Continuation of @entity1524 therapy is important to prevent @entity1031 events. Continuation of medication, unrelated to the reason for hospital admission, may be at risk due to the @entity1 's @entity146 status and the involvement of several physicians in @entity1 care. METHODS: We performed a retrospective follow-up study of users of orally administered anticoagulants who were admitted to a @entity146 hospital. Information on @entity1 characteristics, anticoagulant use, and International Normalized Ratio (INR) measurements was collected. Discontinuation of anticoagulant care was defined as no anticoagulant dispensing during the first 7 days of hospitalization and/or no INR measurement during hospitalization. Relative risks (RR) of discontinuation, overall and stratified by @entity1 characteristics, was estimated using Cox regression analysis. RESULTS: Of 111 @entity1 , 24.3 % had their anticoagulant care discontinued. For 17.1 %, no anticoagulant was dispensed during the first week, and 13.5 % had no INR measurement during hospitalization. CONCLUSIONS: Admission to a @entity146 hospital leads to discontinuation of anticoagulant care in 24.3 % of @entity1 , with highest risk of discontinuation in @entity1 admitted to nonpsychogeriatric wards. More research is needed to evaluate the clinical impact of this finding.

title: Discontinuation of anticoagulant care during admission to a XXXX hospital.

entities_list: @entity1524 :: ('MESH:C030123', 'Chemical') :: ['coumarin']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['thromboembolic']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

answer: @entity146 :: (MESH:D001523,Disease) :: ['psychiatric']


abstract: Female sex hormones are known to affect lipoprotein flux in the artery wall and @entity731 . However, the mechanisms of these artery wall effects are unclear. To examine the effect of 17 @entity10769 ( @entity53 ) on LDL uptake in the artery wall, we developed an isolated perfused @entity35 carotid artery model from ovariectomized @entity35 . LDL flux in the artery wall was measured by quantitative fluorescence microscopy before and after treatment with @entity53 (0.001 to 10,000 nmol/L). Dose-response experiments showed no significant difference in the rate of LDL uptake when arteries were perfused with @entity53 at physiological concentrations (0.001 to 1 nmol/L) compared with control perfusions. However, higher concentrations of @entity53 (10 to 10,000 nmol/L) significantly increased the rate of LDL uptake in isolated arteries. Artery lumen volume significantly increased with perfusion of @entity53 (1 to 100 nmol/L) but decreased after perfusions of higher concentrations of @entity53 (1000 to 10,000 nmol/L). Additional studies were performed to examine mechanisms of @entity53 -mediated increases in LDL uptake. The effect of @entity53 (10 nmol/L) on the rate of LDL uptake was blocked by @entity842 synthase inhibitors. However, the @entity172 receptor antagonist @entity440 did not block the effects of @entity53 on the rate of LDL uptake. Our study indicates that modulation of LDL uptake in the artery wall by @entity53 is concentration dependent. High concentrations of @entity53 increase LDL uptake by production of endothelium-derived @entity842 . These observations suggest that increased @entity842 production compromises endothelial layer barrier function to increase LDL uptake in the artery wall.

title: @entity842 mediates LDL uptake in the artery wall in response to high concentrations of 17 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity440 :: ('MESH:D013629', 'Chemical') :: ['tamoxifen']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['estradiol']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity10769 :: ('CHEBI:16469', 'Chemical') :: ['beta-estradiol']

answer: @entity10769 :: (CHEBI:16469,Chemical) :: ['beta-estradiol']


abstract: The impact on cardiovascular events achieved by statin therapy seems to be mostly attributable to their @entity165 - lowering effect, with a highly debated contribution of the lipid-independent pleiotropic effects. Statins have an established role in the treatment of @entity1007 with a clear and robust reduction in @entity65 and mortality. Nevertheless, the pathophysiologic effect of statins on inflammatory responses and @entity731 morphology in @entity1 remains a matter of debate. In particular, the question remains whether @entity1780 -induced alterations in plaque composition can be ascribed mainly to low density lipoprotein @entity165 (LDL-C) lowering or an antiinflammatory pleiotropic effect, or both. This review summarizes the available evidence of the effects of statins on carotid plaque cellular composition in clinical settings, focusing on lipid-related and lipid-independent effects of statin therapy. A systematic review of the web online databases was performed. Studies in @entity1 evaluating the effect of statins on composition of carotid plaque removed at endarterectomy were eligible for inclusion. Data support the view that plaque composition even after a short-term lipid lowering therapy is significantly modulated by the degree of LDL-C lowering. A contribution of LDL-C independent, anti-inflammatory mechanisms of statins on plaque stability is only suggested by some of the studies. Actually, data strongly support the current guidelines based on progressively lower LDL-C targets depending upon the cardiovascular risk of individual @entity1 .

title: XXXX treatment and carotid plaque composition: a review of clinical studies.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1007 :: ('MESH:D006937', 'Disease') :: ['hypercholesterolemia']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['local atherosclerotic plaque']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular morbidity']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity1780 :: (CHEBI:35664,Chemical) :: ['Statin']


abstract: @entity943 have been reported after congenital heart surgery involving extensive atrial suture lines. Experimental studies involving bilateral lung transplantation (Tx) suggest that the left atrial suture lines predispose to @entity956 . The overall incidence and type of @entity943 after pediatric lung Tx have not previously been described and therefore the purpose of this study was to prospectively screen and describe @entity943 in a subset of our lung transplant population. Over a 1-yr study period, all recipients of bilateral lung Tx were admitted to a full-disclosure telemetry unit. Single-lead electrocardiograms were recorded continuously and reviewed daily via a beat-by-beat analysis. A total of 314 @entity1 days (range 9-93, median 43 days) were recorded from seven @entity1 . The incidence of @entity943 observed per total @entity1 days included junctional escape rhythm (4.8%), non-sustained @entity1165 (4.1%), accelerated junctional (2.5%), sinus @entity1168 (2.2%), non-sustained @entity4710 (1.3%), ectopic @entity591 (1.0%), sustained @entity1165 (0.3%), junctional ectopic @entity591 (0.3%), and second degree @entity616 (0.3%). No @entity1 had sustained @entity4710 , @entity956 , @entity955 , or complete @entity616 . @entity943 were treated in two @entity1 . During the follow-up period, one @entity1 received @entity2643 for @entity1165 (which was also noted and treated prior to transplant). We conclude that among pediatric lung transplant recipients admitted for their transplant surgery, @entity943 is uncommon and rarely requires therapy.

title: XXXX after pediatric lung transplantation.

entities_list: @entity2643 :: ('MESH:D000638', 'Chemical') :: ['amiodarone']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardia', 'atrial tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity956 :: ('MESH:D001282', 'Disease') :: ['atrial flutter']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity4710 :: ('MESH:D013617', 'Disease') :: ['supraventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['Atrial arrhythmias', 'arrhythmias', 'Arrhythmias', 'arrhythmia']

entities_list: @entity1168 :: ('MESH:D001919', 'Disease') :: ['bradycardia']

entities_list: @entity616 :: ('MESH:D006327', 'Disease') :: ['heart block']

answer: @entity943 :: (MESH:D001145,Disease) :: ['Arrhythmias']


abstract: In an autopsy study of 37 @entity1 who suffered from @entity8855 ( @entity8855 ), two distinct patterns of @entity358 could be defined. One pattern, characterized by marked @entity82 in the absence of @entity1030 , was labelled 'interstitial-type' histology. A second type, labelled 'bronchiolar-type' histology, showed marked @entity75 and @entity133 . Nine @entity1 of each type were analysed. Nineteen other @entity1 had a 'mixed-type' histology and were not further studied. Retrospectively, the clinical and radiological characteristics of both series were analysed. No differences in birth weight, gestational age and initial radiological @entity8855 grade could be demonstrated. The pulmonary function of the bronchiolar-type @entity1 however was significantly worse at the onset, and these @entity1 needed more @entity26 and ventilatory support during the first 10 days of life. They all died from @entity1576 whereas 4 @entity1 from the interstitial group had non-pulmonary fatalities. In the bronchiolar group chest X-rays showed atelectasis and @entity2542 in the early stages, and hyperinflation with @entity4530 and irregular streaky densities in the later. @entity1 in the interstitial group had no or minor @entity2415 with more homogeneously spread densities over both lungs. We conclude that both types of evolution represent two extremes of the @entity2107 spectrum.

title: Different patterns of XXXX after @entity8855 : heterogeneity of @entity2107 ? A clinicopathologic study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['interstitial fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity8855 :: ('MESH:D006819', 'Disease') :: ['hyaline membrane disease', 'HMD']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['airway lesions']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity133 :: ('MESH:D002282', 'Disease') :: ['alveolar emphysema']

entities_list: @entity2415 :: ('MESH:D004646', 'Disease') :: ['emphysema']

entities_list: @entity2107 :: ('MESH:D001997', 'Disease') :: ['bronchopulmonary dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary lesions']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory failure']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['airway abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity2542 :: ('MESH:D011656', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary interstitial emphysema']

answer: @entity358 :: (MESH:D008171,Disease) :: ['pulmonary sequelae']


abstract: We report a retrospective multicentric study of 20 cases of @entity5 carcinome including 9 cases of @entity1490 and 11 @entity957 . These cases were observed over two 10 and 20-year periods in two pathology departments. Epidemiological, clinical, pathological and therapeutic data as well as the clinical course were studied and the results compared with a large review of the literature. The mean age of the @entity1 was 38 years for @entity1490 and 47 for @entity189 . Two young subjects, 5 and 22 years, had @entity2173 and had @entity1490 and an epidermoid microinvasive @entity189 , respectively. All of the @entity1 with @entity1490 were @entity1 and were more than 90% of the @entity1 with @entity189 . @entity5 size was greater in @entity189 (7 to 10 mm) than in @entity1490 (1 to 5 mm). All @entity5 were unilateral. Clinical manifestations included @entity146 or inflammatory reactions in one-fourth of the @entity1 with @entity1490 and in one-third of those with @entity189 . Pathology examination revealed an intact basal membrane separating healthy tissue from Bowen's lesions which showed disrupted cell architecture mostly involving the medial layers of the epithelium in 37% of the cases. All of the lesions were treated by exeresis. No recurrence has been observed after a follow-up of 1 month to 2 years for @entity1490 and 1 year (maximum) for @entity957 .

title: [ @entity189 and XXXX of the sclero-corneal limbus. Anatomo-clinical study apropos of 20 cases].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['irritative']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Tumour', 'tumours', 'sclero-corneal limbus tumours']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomas', 'carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity2173 :: ('MESH:D014983', 'Disease') :: ['xeroderma pigmentosum']

entities_list: @entity1490 :: ('MESH:D001913', 'Disease') :: ["Bowen's disease"]

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['invasive carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Treatment options for @entity4018 are limited. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of @entity26223 , a potent and selective @entity7821 inhibitor, as compared with the best available therapy, in @entity1 with @entity4018 . METHODS: We assigned 219 @entity1 with intermediate-2 or high-risk primary @entity4018 , post- @entity6582 vera @entity4018 , or post-essential @entity1148 @entity4018 to receive oral @entity26223 or the best available therapy. The primary end point and key secondary end point of the study were the percentage of @entity1 with at least a 35% reduction in spleen volume at week 48 and at week 24, respectively, as assessed with the use of magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography. RESULTS: A total of 28% of the @entity1 in the @entity26223 group had at least a 35% reduction in spleen volume at week 48, as compared with 0% in the group receiving the best available therapy (P<0.001); the corresponding percentages at week 24 were 32% and 0% (P<0.001). At 48 weeks, the mean palpable spleen length had decreased by 56% with @entity26223 but had increased by 4% with the best available therapy. The median duration of response with @entity26223 was not reached, with 80% of @entity1 still having a response at a median follow-up of 12 months. @entity1 in the @entity26223 group had an improvement in overall quality-of-life measures and a reduction in symptoms associated with @entity4018 . The most common hematologic abnormalities of grade 3 or higher in either group were @entity882 and @entity417 , which were managed with a dose reduction, interruption of treatment, or transfusion. One @entity1 in each group discontinued treatment owing to @entity882 , and none discontinued owing to @entity417 . Nonhematologic adverse events were rare and mostly grade 1 or 2. Two cases of @entity3052 were reported with the best available therapy. CONCLUSIONS: Continuous @entity26223 therapy, as compared with the best available therapy, was associated with marked and durable reductions in @entity381 and disease-related symptoms, improvements in role functioning and quality of life, and modest toxic effects. An influence on overall survival has not yet been shown. (Funded by Novartis Pharmaceuticals; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00934544.).

title: JAK inhibition with @entity26223 versus best available therapy for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity6582 :: ('MESH:D011086', 'Disease') :: ['polycythemia']

entities_list: @entity1148 :: ('MESH:D013922', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocythemia']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity26223 :: ('MESH:C540383', 'Chemical') :: ['ruxolitinib']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute myeloid leukemia']

entities_list: @entity4018 :: ('MESH:D055728', 'Disease') :: ['myelofibrosis']

entities_list: @entity381 :: ('MESH:D013163', 'Disease') :: ['splenomegaly']

answer: @entity4018 :: (MESH:D055728,Disease) :: ['myelofibrosis']


abstract: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the frequency of and farm management-related risk factors for @entity5281 among full-time farmers. A computer-assisted telephone interview was conducted among randomly selected self-employed full-time farmers (n = 1182; 911 male and 271 female), The response rate was 86%. Two-thirds of the respondents raised dairy or beef @entity291 . Nearly 16% of the farmers had experienced one or more @entity5281 requiring medical consultation during the past 12 months; the total number of such @entity130 was 222. Injuries were more common among male (17 @entity130 /100 @entity1 -years) than female farmers (13 @entity130 / 100 @entity1 -years). The @entity130 occurred most frequently in animal husbandry work (n = 97). Falling or slipping was the most common mechanism of injury. Poisson regression with a stepwise (forward) model selection procedure identified the following risk factors for @entity5281 : male gender, younger age, cooperation with other farmers, perceived high accident risk, and stress symptoms. The adjusted rate ratios for these risk factors ranged from 1.40 to 1.96. This study indicates that interventions are needed, particularly among male farmers in their early years of full-time farm operation. At this stage of life, heavy financial burden and stress while establishing and expanding production may contribute to @entity130 . To reduce stress and related @entity130 , we recommend guidance for farmers regarding the organization and management of farm work.

title: Risk factors for XXXX among full-time farmers in Finland.

entities_list: @entity5281 :: ('MESH:D060051', 'Disease') :: ['occupational injuries']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['injuries']

answer: @entity5281 :: (MESH:D060051,Disease) :: ['occupational injuries']


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective clinical study. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the outcomes of two-level (T12 and L3) pedicle subtraction osteotomy (PSO) for severe thoracolumbar @entity1513 in @entity1691 ( @entity1691 ), and to discuss the surgical strategies of this surgery. BACKGROUND: Cases were limited on the results of two-level PSO for correction of severe @entity1513 caused by @entity1691 , nor on surgical strategies of this type of surgery. METHODS: From March 2006 to December 2010, nine consecutive @entity1691 @entity1 with severe @entity85 , underwent T12 and L3 PSOs. Chin-brow vertical angle (CBVA) and radiographic assessments which contain @entity1513 ( @entity1513 ), @entity1515 ( @entity1515 ), global @entity1513 (GK), and sagittal vertical @entity2270 were carefully recorded pre and postoperatively to evaluate the sagittal balance. Intra and @entity260 were also registered. All @entity1 were asked to fill out Oswestry Disability Index before surgery and at the last follow-up visit. RESULTS: All nine @entity1 (8M/1F), averaged 41.4  years old (range 35-51  years), were received two-level (T12 and L3) PSO, and were followed up after surgery for a mean of 39.9  months (range 24-68  months). Good cosmetic results were achieved in all @entity1 . Mean correction at two-level PSO was 67.9      5.5  . All CBVA, @entity1513 , @entity1515 , and GK were changed significantly after surgery (P  <  0.05), the mean amount of correction of which were 59.5      13.8, 34.7      3.8, 33.2      2.4, and 54.0      14.8 degrees, respectively, and with a small loss of correction at the last follow-up visit. Sagittal imbalance was significantly improved from 27.3      4.4 to 3.4      0.7  cm postoperatively. Neither mortalities nor any major @entity16 were found. The mean ODI score was significantly improved from 53.4      15.5 before surgery to 8.2      4.7 at the last visit. CONCLUSION: The outcomes of follow-up showed that two-level (T12 and L3) PSO can effectively and safely correct severe thoracolumbar @entity1513 in @entity1691 .

title: Two-level pedicle subtraction osteotomy for severe thoracolumbar XXXX in @entity1691 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1513 :: ('MESH:D007738', 'Disease') :: ['TK', 'thoracic kyphosis', 'kyphosis']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological complications']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity1515 :: ('MESH:D008141', 'Disease') :: ['LL', 'lumbar lordosis']

entities_list: @entity1691 :: ('MESH:D013167', 'Disease') :: ['ankylosing spondylitis', 'AS']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['kyphotic deformity']

answer: @entity85 :: (MESH:D009140,Disease) :: ['kyphotic deformity']


abstract: OBJECT: Despite recent publications of large-scale study data, controversy over the management of unruptured @entity438 continues. The low @entity397 rates in the International Study of @entity438 (ISUIA) apparently contradicted surgeons' experiences with @entity1756 . In the present study, based on data from the ISUIA, a mathematical model describing the natural history of @entity438 was developed. With this model, the author aimed to examine the validity of data from the ISUIA and to provide a better treatment guideline for @entity439 . METHODS: The author made a computer simulation of the natural history of @entity438 that was used to calculate such figures as the prevalence of @entity439 , incidence of @entity510 ( @entity510 ), and age and size distribution of both unruptured and @entity1756 . The lifetime lesion @entity397 probability for individual @entity1 with various ages and @entity439 sizes was also computed, thereby providing a useful index to help @entity1 in the medical decision-making process. The computer model produced a sample of @entity439 in the general population with a prevalence of 4.2% and a median diameter of 5.8 mm. These @entity439 --affected by the @entity397 rate reported in the ISUIA--had a yearly @entity510 incidence of 19.6 per 100,000 @entity1 . The median diameter of these @entity439 was 9.4 mm. CONCLUSIONS: Findings in the present study validated the results of the ISUIA by showing that the seemingly low @entity397 rates could explain the statistical data for @entity1756 . With the featured model, the author calculated the lifetime probability of lesion @entity397 --a useful measure for deciding on the optimal treatment for @entity439 .

title: Simulation of the natural history of @entity438 based on data from the International Study of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['SAH', 'subarachnoid hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms', 'cerebral aneurysms']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms', 'aneurysm', 'unruptured aneurysms']

entities_list: @entity1756 :: ('MESH:D017542', 'Disease') :: ['ruptured aneurysms']

answer: @entity438 :: (MESH:D002532,Disease) :: ['Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Injuries to the airway in the neck and thorax are uncommon, but may be potentially life threatening. The objective of this study is to determine the clinical characteristics and outcomes for @entity1 with @entity130 . METHODS: From 1974 to 2014, a prospectively entered @entity130 database at a Level 1 @entity130 center was accessed to identify @entity1 with @entity130 to the larynx, cervical @entity825 , or thoracic airway. Hospital charts were reviewed to obtain data on demographics, presentation, injury management, in-hospital and long-term morbidity and in-hospital mortality. Multivariate logistic regression was used to estimate predictors of mortality and long-term vocal cord morbidity. Data are expressed as N (%). RESULTS: One hundred and twenty @entity1 were included (median injury severity score: 19 [interquartile range: 10-27]). There were 65 (54  %) blunt and 55 (46  %) penetrating @entity130 , with 90 (75  %) suffering @entity1230 . Sixteen (13  %) @entity1 died from associated @entity130 (7: in ER; 9: after admission). Injuries were located in the cervical airway [101 (84  %)], thoracic airway [21 (18  %)], or both [2 (2  %)]. Eighty-six (72  %) @entity1 were managed surgically. Predictors of in-hospital mortality included @entity1344 (OR 6.54, 95  % CI 1.11-37.14), GCS < 8 upon presentation (OR 4.35, 95  % CI 3.24-5.41), and @entity542 (OR 4.10, 95  % CI 1.91-6.30). @entity174 of cricoid or thyroid cartilages was a strong predictor of long-term vocal @entity1566 (OR 3.93, 95  % CI 1.25-12.59). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1224 remains a major challenge for early diagnosis, airway control, and management of both acute life-threatening injury and long-term morbidity.

title: Civilian XXXX : A Single-Institution Experience.

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['Fracture']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['head trauma']

entities_list: @entity1230 :: ('MESH:D009104', 'Disease') :: ['multiple injuries']

entities_list: @entity1344 :: ('MESH:D043171', 'Disease') :: ['hemodynamic instability']

entities_list: @entity1566 :: ('MESH:D013119', 'Disease') :: ['cord injury']

entities_list: @entity1224 :: ('MESH:D000402', 'Disease') :: ['Airway trauma']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['airway injury', 'injuries', 'trauma']

answer: @entity1224 :: (MESH:D000402,Disease) :: ['Airway Trauma']


abstract: A @entity1 of @entity510 was treated with spinal CSF drainage. @entity5134 @entity693 occurred because of the spinal CSF drainage. The organism was multiresistant and refractory to antibiotics including @entity3400 , @entity2892 , @entity801 and @entity8899 . It was sensitive to @entity5505 ( @entity8353 ). Treatment with @entity8353 resulted in clinical improvement associated with rapid clearing of the organism from CSF. @entity8353 serum level was high enough and @entity8353 penetration into the CSF was satisfactory. According to the evaluation of @entity8353 concentrations in serum and CSF, two regimens of treatment were recommended. One is an administration of @entity8353 1 g x 4 times/day. Another is a combination with @entity8353 administration 2 g x 2 times/day and followed by 1 g x 4 times/day. The results suggest that @entity8353 is an extremely effective antibiotic for @entity693 caused by @entity8353 -susceptible bacteria.

title: [ XXXX in the treatment of @entity693 caused by multiresistant @entity5134 ].

entities_list: @entity5134 :: ('615', 'Species') :: ['Serratia marcescens']

entities_list: @entity801 :: ('MESH:D005839', 'Chemical') :: ['gentamicin']

entities_list: @entity2892 :: ('MESH:D015378', 'Chemical') :: ['imipenem']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['subarachnoid hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity693 :: ('MESH:D008581', 'Disease') :: ['meningitis']

entities_list: @entity3400 :: ('MESH:D010878', 'Chemical') :: ['piperacillin']

entities_list: @entity8899 :: ('MESH:D002509', 'Chemical') :: ['cephaloridine']

entities_list: @entity5505 :: ('MESH:D002442', 'Chemical') :: ['ceftazidime']

answer: @entity5505 :: (MESH:D002442,Chemical) :: ['Ceftazidime']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the frequency of @entity360 associated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). METHODS: This investigation was prospective, descriptive and analytical. We evaluated @entity1 with nonvariceal @entity360 in the gastroenterological services of the Edgardo Rebagliati, Hip  lito Unanue, Dos de Mayo and Cayetano Heredia Hospitals, in Lima-Peru. @entity1 with chronic @entity409 or @entity548 were excluded. The statistics tests were calculated using Microsoft Excel and Epiinfo Program. RESULTS: Over the 13-month period a total of 117 @entity1 were enrolled (77 @entity1 and 40 @entity1 ); the average age was of 57.86 years (range: 14-85 years) 63 (54%) were taking NSAIDs; 60% were given @entity117 , 28.5% @entity5018 15.8% @entity3522 (and 15.8% @entity1623 ; 31% were taking simultaneously various NSAIDs; 65% was over 60 years old. More prescriptions of NSAIDs came from cardiology, internal medicine and rheumatology. However, 55.4% took them without having medical prescription. The most important risk factor was the age over 65 years (p<0.001). In our study the presence of cardiovascular and @entity627 were significant risk factors (p<0.001). Gastric ulcer was more frequent in the group NSAIDs 31 (49%), vs 14 (26%) in the p<0.001, and the duodenal ulcer in the non-NSAIDs group 32 (59%) vs 19 (30%) in p<0.01; the erosive @entity3621 were 13 (20.6%) in the NSAIDs group vs 18 (33%) p<0.01. There were significant clinical findings in the NSAIDs group with presence of @entity1066 and @entity6552 (p<0.001). The level of hemoglobin and the number of transfusions was not significantly different in the groups. In the NSAIDs group, 35 (55 %) p<0.001. presented digestive injuries with no evidence of symptoms before the bleeding started. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, the association between nonvariceal @entity360 and the use of NSAIDs was significantly high in Lima, specially in elderly population, and the peptic ulcer was the most common, particularly the gastric type.

title: [Nonvariceal XXXX associated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in Metropolitan Lima].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity627 :: ('MESH:D012216', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatic diseases']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['variceal hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity3522 :: ('MESH:D004008', 'Chemical') :: ['diclofenac']

entities_list: @entity6552 :: ('MESH:D006396', 'Disease') :: ['hematemesis']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver diseases']

entities_list: @entity5018 :: ('MESH:D007052', 'Chemical') :: ['ibuprofen']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulcer syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1623 :: ('MESH:D009288', 'Chemical') :: ['naproxen']

entities_list: @entity3621 :: ('MESH:D005756', 'Disease') :: ['gastritis']

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage']

answer: @entity360 :: (MESH:D006471,Disease) :: ['upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although 75% of skin problems are managed exclusively in primary care, most information on the impact of @entity272 on quality of life is hospital based. OBJECTIVES: To examine the ease of use of the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) in primary care and to measure the handicap levels found, analysed by @entity272 , sex and age. METHODS: The handicap levels identified were compared with those published for @entity1 with the same conditions attending hospital clinics. Some conditions that rarely present in secondary care were also studied. RESULT: S The overall mean +/- SD DLQI score was 7.37 +/- 5.71 ( @entity1 7.8 +/- 5.8, n = 196; @entity1 6.8 +/- 5.6, n = 145). The scores for separate diseases were similar in ranking and only slightly lower than those in hospital-based studies. The possibility of bias towards surveying an unrepresentative sample of @entity1 is discussed. There was no correlation between age and DLQI score. CONCLUSIONS: The DLQI proved easy to use in general practice. The impact of @entity272 on the quality of life of @entity1 seen in primary care is comparable with that of @entity1 seen in secondary care. This information could be used to inform the planning of services for these @entity1 .

title: Impaired quality of life of adults with XXXX in primary care.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin disease', 'skin diseases']

answer: @entity272 :: (MESH:D012871,Disease) :: ['skin disease']


abstract: PURPOSE: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical features, management and outcome of @entity1 submitted to emergency surgery because of @entity706 . METHODS: A consecutive series of fourteen @entity1 with gastrointestinal tract @entity706 referred for emergency surgery between March 2006 and May 2010 was retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: @entity1 including 9 males (64.2%) and 5 females (35.7%). The mean age of male and female was 55.4 + 21.2 and 78.4 + 9.0 respectively. The difference was statistically significant (p <0.04). Ileum was the most common location (13 cases, 86.6%) and a small bowel resection was the commonest surgical procedure performed. Presence of etiological risk factor for developing @entity706 was detected in 6 @entity1 (40%). The overall morbidity rate was 40.0% (6 @entity1 ) and the mortality rate was 53,3% (8 @entity1 ). The estimated 12, 24, and 36-months overall survival rate was 56%, 33%, and 22% respectively. DISCUSSION: Our study reports an elevated overall mortality accounting for 8 @entity1 which were all but two of advanced stage; 6 @entity1 died in the postoperative course. Univariate and multivariate analysis failed to show significant differences maybe because the total number of subjects was too small to reach statistical significance. However the Odds Ratio was significantly high for the presence of etiological risk factor (OR 7.50) and perforation as presenting symptom (OR 6.67). CONCLUSION: An aggressive surgical attitude comprising an ample ileum resection is needed in almost all cases because an acute presentation is closely related with an advanced stage of the disease and with a high risk for @entity952 , both conditions leading to a poor short and long-term survival.

title: Emergency presentation of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity952 :: ('MESH:D019958', 'Disease') :: ['anastomotic disruption']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma', 'intestinal lymphoma']

answer: @entity706 :: (MESH:D008223,Disease) :: ['intestinal lymphoma']


abstract: The Authors describe the modalities and mechanisms of @entity1167 ( @entity1167 ) in the course of @entity1151 ( @entity1151 ). Clinical data refer to 39 @entity1167 occurred in 28 @entity1 with massive or submassive @entity1151 ; autopsy data are from 26 of 28 @entity1 of the same series. One-third of 39 CAs proved at least momentarily reversible; two-thirds were irreversible. Data analysis showed that most @entity1167 , reversible or otherwise, seen in the course of @entity1151 were due to @entity4785 ( @entity4785 ). In fact, @entity4785 was responsible for 12 of 13 reversible CAs and 22 of 26 irreversible arrests. @entity4785 usually follows shock, but may occur unheralded. When @entity4785 -induced @entity1167 is at least temporarily reversible, the heart rate is often normal or high and QRS complexes are narrow. In most cases the sudden rise of right ventricular afterload came on top of a pre-existing @entity296 , for the most part of @entity63 , sometimes necrotic, origin. In this series, therefore, it seems quite difficult to tell "primary" from "secondary" forms of @entity4785 . External cardiac massage continued for as long as 40 minutes was associated in some cases with a bolus fibrinolytic infusion within minutes from occurrence of @entity1167 . Five of 7 @entity1 so treated made a temporary recovery and two survived; at autopsy, none of the 5 @entity1 who died showed any evidence of @entity548 attributable to local injury.

title: [ @entity1167 in XXXX . An anatomo-clinical study].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial damage']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity4785 :: ('MESH:D004213', 'Disease') :: ['EMD', 'electromechanical dissociation']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['PE', 'acute pulmonary embolism']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrest', 'CA episodes', 'CA']

answer: @entity1151 :: (MESH:D011655,Disease) :: ['acute pulmonary embolism']


abstract: The effect of insulin-dependent @entity6 on hepatobiliary clearance of @entity1443 , @entity648 and @entity6838 was determined using @entity35 that were treated with a 45 mg/kg dose of @entity3839 28 days before experimentation. Urinary excretion of @entity1443 was increased 280%, whereas biliary excretion was decreased 65% and total clearance was unchanged. Both steady-state volume of distribution and elimination half-life of @entity1443 were decreased in @entity6 @entity35 by 23 and 25%, respectively. Biliary excretion of glucuronide and @entity597 conjugates was decreased by 75 and 50%, respectively, whereas parent @entity1443 excretion was unchanged. The @entity2041 conjugate was only detected in normal and insulin-treated @entity35 ; however, comparable levels of a @entity462 conjugate were detected in bile of @entity6 @entity35 . Administration of insulin reversed the @entity4854 and the changes in volume of distribution, elimination half-life and @entity2041 excretion. Other @entity6 -induced alterations were unchanged. In contrast, @entity6838 plasma disappearance, volume of distribution and total clearance were significantly increased in @entity6 @entity35 , whereas the elimination half-life was decreased. Administration of insulin reversed the changes in serum disappearance and partially reversed the increased biliary excretion of @entity6838 . No differences were observed for the serum disappearance, glucuronidation or biliary excretion of @entity648 in @entity6 vs. normal @entity35 . These data indicate that insulin deficiency for 1 month can alter hepatic excretory function and the pharmacokinetics of commonly used drugs.

title: Long-term XXXX alters the hepatobiliary clearance of @entity1443 , @entity648 and @entity6838 .

entities_list: @entity462 :: ('MESH:D003545', 'Chemical') :: ['cysteine']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity648 :: ('MESH:D001663', 'Chemical') :: ['bilirubin']

entities_list: @entity3839 :: ('MESH:D013311', 'Chemical') :: ['streptozotocin']

entities_list: @entity2041 :: ('MESH:D005978', 'Chemical') :: ['glutathione']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague-Dawley rats', 'rats']

entities_list: @entity1443 :: ('MESH:D000082', 'Chemical') :: ['acetaminophen']

entities_list: @entity4854 :: ('MESH:D006943', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemia']

entities_list: @entity597 :: ('CHEBI:16189', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfate']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A selective non-operative management (SNOM) has found to be an adequate and safe strategy to assess and treat @entity1 suffering from penetrating @entity130 of the extremities (PTE). With this SNOM comes a strategy in which adjuvant investigations or interventions are not routinely performed, but based on physical examination only. METHODS: All subsequent @entity1 presented with PTE at a Dutch level I @entity130 center from October 2000 to June 2011 were included in this study. In-hospital and long-term outcome was analysed in the light of assessment of these @entity1 according to the SNOM protocol. RESULTS: A total of 668 @entity1 (88.2% male; 33.8% gunshot wounds) with PTE presented at the Emergency Department of a level 1 traumacenter, of whom 156 were admitted for surgical treatment or observation. Overall, 22 (14%) @entity1 that were admitted underwent exploration of the extremity for @entity1317 . After conservative observation, two (1.5%) @entity1 needed an intervention to treat (late onset) @entity455 . Other long-term extremity related complications were @entity85 (n   =   9) due to missed @entity128 , including 2 @entity1 with @entity3030 caused by delayed compartment syndrome treatment. CONCLUSION: A SNOM protocol for initial assessment and treatment of PTE is feasible and safe. Clinical examination of the injured extremity is a reliable diagnostic 'tool' for excluding @entity1317 . Repeated assessments for nerve @entity130 are important as these are the ones that are frequently missed and result in long-term disability. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: II / III, retrospective prognostic observational cohort study Key words Penetrating @entity130 , extremity, @entity1317 , complications.

title: Treatment of penetrating XXXX of the extremities: ten years' experience at a Dutch level 1 @entity130 center.

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular complications']

entities_list: @entity3030 :: ('MESH:D020427', 'Disease') :: ['peroneal nerve injury']

entities_list: @entity128 :: ('MESH:D020209', 'Disease') :: ['nerve injury']

entities_list: @entity1317 :: ('MESH:D057772', 'Disease') :: ['vascular injury']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['loss of function or other deformity']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['injuries', 'trauma']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['trauma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Currently, there is no gold standard for the treatment of @entity1 with metastatic @entity0 who have experienced failure with @entity8253 and @entity6023 . A biologic rationale suggests that the mechanism of @entity3907 resistance could be because of an excess of depolymerized tubulin that could enhance sensitivity to @entity1206 . The objective of the study was to assess the tolerance and efficiency of weekly @entity1206 in metastatic @entity0 after failure with @entity6023 . METHODS: @entity1 with measurable disease, a World Health Organization performance status of less than 3 and a life expectancy longer than 3 months were eligible. Persistent @entity3907 -induced @entity16 higher than Grade 1 was an exclusion criterion. The initial planned dose was 30 mg/m(2)/week on an outpatient basis without @entity1261 ( @entity1261 ). Neutrophil and platelet counts of 1.0 and 80 g/L, respectively, were required before each new injection; otherwise @entity1206 was delayed for 7 days with a dose reduction of 5 mg/m(2) at the second episode. The dose also was reduced if Grade 3 or 4 @entity137 occurred. If the adverse event persisted or if the delay exceeded 14 days between 2 injections given at a dose of 20 mg/m(2), @entity1206 was definitively discontinued. RESULTS: Between November 1997 and March 1999, 40 @entity1 with a median age of 49 (range, 39-69) were enrolled. All of them had previously received @entity8253 and @entity6023 . Because of the delays in neutrophil recovery, the median dose intensity did not exceed 22.5 mg/m(2)/week (range, 11.25-30), and the initial planned dose of 30 mg/m(2)/week appeared unfeasible without @entity1261 . The starting dose therefore was 25 mg/m(2)/week after the first 6 @entity1 . Neutropenia led to fever in only three @entity1 . Other severe @entity137 were Grade 2-3 @entity16 (n = 5), Grade 2-3 ileus (n = 7), Grade 3 @entity417 (n = 4), and Grade 3 @entity295 (n = 1). Objective responses were observed in 10 of 40 @entity1 (25%), 7 of whom had visceral metastases and 4 who were refractory to @entity6023 (including 2 @entity1 with liver involvement > 50%). The median time to failure was 6 months (range, 4-12) for responding @entity1 . Disease stabilization was achieved in 9 @entity1 (23%) for a median duration of 5 months (range, 4-6). The median survival duration for the whole population was 6 months (range, 2-18+). CONCLUSIONS: Weekly @entity1206 is an active salvage therapy for metastatic @entity0 after failure with @entity8253 and @entity6023 , even in @entity1 with @entity3907 -refractory metastatic @entity0 . This confirms that @entity1206 and @entity6023 are not cross-resistant.

title: Weekly XXXX is an effective palliative regimen after failure with @entity8253 and @entity6023 in metastatic @entity0 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity8253 :: ('MESH:D018943', 'Chemical') :: ['anthracyclines']

entities_list: @entity1261 :: ('1440', 'Gene') :: ['G-CSF', 'granulocyte colony-stimulating factor']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity1206 :: ('MESH:C030852', 'Chemical') :: ['vinorelbine']

answer: @entity1206 :: (MESH:C030852,Chemical) :: ['vinorelbine']


abstract: The temporal pattern of expression of genes for several growth factor ligands and receptors was examined in preimplantation @entity11520 embryos and oviduct epithelial cells using RT-PCR. The identity of the resulting PCR products was confirmed by their expected size, restriction analysis, Southern blot hybridization and nucleotide sequence analysis. Preimplantation stage embryos from the one-cell to the blastocyst stage were derived after maturation, fertilization and culture of oocytes in vitro. Expression of members of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) family was observed predominantly in preimplantation stage embryos and oviduct epithelial cells. Similarly, transcripts encoding insulin and IGF-I receptors were detected at each stage of embryonic development. The mRNA transcript of the IGF-I receptor was not detected in oviduct epithelial cells, but a prominent band corresponding to the @entity46669 was observed. Insulin and @entity46670 mRNA were expressed as maternal transcripts that were not detected at the two- to four-cell stage but were present as zygotic transcripts at the eight-cell stage. Transcripts encoding IGF-I were detected in oviduct epithelial cells, but were not observed in any of the preimplantation stage embryos. Transforming growth factor (TGF) alpha and beta and epidermal growth factor mRNA transcripts were not detected in any of the preimplantation stage embryos. These results indicate that IGF-I acts via a paracrine mechanism to promote growth and development of preimplantation @entity11520 embryos. Similarly, @entity46670 appears to act through a heterologous autocrine mechanism via the IGF-I or the @entity46669 . Furthermore, the presence of TGF-alpha in oviduct epithelial cells indicates that it may have a critical role during development.

title: Expression of growth factor ligand and receptor genes in preimplantation stage @entity11520 ( XXXX ) embryos and oviduct epithelial cells.

answer: @entity11520 :: (89462,Species) :: ['Bubalus bubalis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity295 due to @entity328 is relatively rare. The increasing risk that this bacterium is resistant to @entity3405 antibiotics worsens its prognosis. CASE REPORT: A newborn was delivered by cesarean section because of an abnormal fetal heart rate pattern. Despite intubation, respiratory support and correction of @entity520 , the baby remained cyanotic and displayed signs of @entity1457 . @entity1398 , increased percentage of immature neutrophils, high @entity1851 levels and an X-ray pattern of @entity55 also indicated an @entity281 . The @entity1 was given symptomatic therapy, and @entity115 , @entity3524 and @entity4509 . Pneumococci type 9 were isolated from peripheral secretions and from the blood. Deterioration of the @entity1576 required higher doses of @entity115 and @entity3524 on day 2 pending the results of antibiotic sensitivity testing. This test showed that the strains were resistant to @entity3405 antibiotics. On day 3, the treatment was replaced by a combination of @entity2176 , @entity1215 , @entity4509 and @entity3524 . This treatment was pursued for 2 weeks, except for @entity1215 which was stopped after 2 days. The follow-up was uneventful. A search for pneumococci in the mother was negative. CONCLUSIONS: @entity328 should always be considered as a cause of @entity295 . Poor therapeutic control indicates resistance to @entity3405 antibiotics. This @entity1 may be the first reported case of @entity2241 with this resistant strain.

title: [ @entity295 due to Pneumococcus resistant to XXXX antibiotics].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'child']

entities_list: @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['Neonatal sepsis', 'neonatal sepsis']

entities_list: @entity2176 :: ('MESH:D014640', 'Chemical') :: ['vancomycin']

entities_list: @entity115 :: ('MESH:D000658', 'Chemical') :: ['amoxicillin']

entities_list: @entity3405 :: ('CHEBI:35627', 'Chemical') :: ['beta-lactam', 'betalactam']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity4509 :: ('MESH:D000583', 'Chemical') :: ['amikacin']

entities_list: @entity3524 :: ('MESH:D002439', 'Chemical') :: ['cefotaxime']

entities_list: @entity520 :: ('MESH:D000138', 'Disease') :: ['acidosis']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['Neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory condition']

entities_list: @entity1215 :: ('MESH:D012293', 'Chemical') :: ['rifampicin']

entities_list: @entity328 :: ('1313', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus pneumoniae']

entities_list: @entity2241 :: ('MESH:D005315', 'Disease') :: ['maternal-fetal infection']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

answer: @entity3405 :: (CHEBI:35627,Chemical) :: ['beta-lactam']