abstract: The 4 cases reported here are meant to illustrate the value of colour doppler-echocardiography in the diagnosis of @entity9009 consecutive to an anterior @entity583 . With this method, the examination begins with colour doppler ultrasound superimposed on two-dimensional echocardiographic images and is completed by pulsed and continuous wave doppler velocimetry. In all 4 @entity1 an abnormal colour doppler flow was visualized from the outset; it started in the left ventricule and crossed the ventricular septum to enter the right ventricule, thus confirming the diagnosis and locating the @entity1757 . This abnormal flow was easy to recognize. On the apical "4 cavity" projection it followed a semi-circular anti-clockwise course which occurred at each cardiac cycle. The flow was red at first in presystole at the apex of the left ventricule; it became blue in pre- and middle-systole while traversing the septum, then mosaic-like in middle- or end-systole around the @entity1757 on the right ventricular side, and finally blue again in pre-diastole within the right ventricle. The blue trans-septal flow persisted at least up to pre-diastole. The diagnosis of @entity9009 was confirmed at surgery in 3 cases and at right heart catheterization in 1 case. Colour doppler-echocardiography is a simple, efficient and rapid method, superior to contrast echocardiography or pulsed doppler alone, for direct real-time visualization of the shunt. It makes the @entity1757 easy to locate, and it avoids invasive exploratory manoeuvres in cases where surgery is contra-indicated and/or when coronary angiography is not mandatory.

title: [Doppler color echocardiography in the diagnosis of 4 septal perforations complicating anterior XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity9009 :: ('MESH:D018658', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular septal rupture', 'septal rupture']

entities_list: @entity1757 :: ('MESH:D006345', 'Disease') :: ['septal defect']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarction']


abstract: In this study, @entity2051 was began as monotherapy to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the drug. Forty-two @entity1 (19 females, 23 males) with partial or generalized @entity302 more than 4 years of age were included (mean age, 11.9 +/- 3.4 years). The mean age at @entity302 onset 8.9 +/- 4 years. Complete blood count, liver function tests, electrolytes, lipid levels, electrocardiography, electroencephalography, and magnetic resonance imaging were performed in all @entity1 . @entity2051 dose was begun at 10 mg/kg/day twice daily and increased to 30 mg/kg/day at the end of the second week. @entity1 with inadequate @entity410 control even with the dose of 45 mg/kg/day or intolerable side effects were excluded. Intolerable @entity10 and @entity1431 led to discontinuation of the drug in two @entity1 . At the sixth month, 35 of the @entity1 (87.5%) were @entity410 free (91.7% of the generalized @entity302 @entity1 and 81.2% of the @entity302 @entity1 ). The most frequent tolerable side effect was drowsiness in 12 @entity1 . As a result, we found @entity2051 safe and effective in @entity1 with either generalized or @entity302 .

title: XXXX in the treatment of childhood @entity302 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2051 :: ('MESH:C036006', 'Chemical') :: ['oxcarbazepine', 'Oxcarbazepine']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy', 'partial epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity1431 :: ('MESH:D007970', 'Disease') :: ['leukopenia']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

answer: @entity2051 :: (MESH:C036006,Chemical) :: ['Oxcarbazepine']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: This prospective study was conducted to report the effect of oral @entity6236 inhibitor and low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) on surgical complications following @entity572 ( @entity572 ). The @entity1 with an age <   60 years were randomly assigned to three groups ( @entity3925 , @entity2120 , and placebo) and the @entity1 with an age >=    60 years were assigned to two groups ( @entity3925 and @entity2120 ). All drug regimens started at 12 hours postoperatively and continued for two weeks after surgery. Primary measure outcome was major surgical wound complications defined as haematoma requiring any intervention, superficial wound @entity281 , and increased wound @entity548 . Secondary measured outcome included minor surgical complications ( @entity4 , @entity5173 , erythema, and oozing), @entity1211 ( @entity1211 ) events. A total of 184 @entity1 aged <   60 years and 167 @entity1 aged >=    60 years were included as the analysis population per group. Up to 14 days after surgery, the overall incidence of major surgical complications associated with thromboprophylaxis was 6.5   % (58/886). There were no significant differences in the rate of major surgical complications among all the three groups of the @entity1 aged <   60 years and between two groups of the @entity1 aged >=    60 years. For the @entity1 aged <   60 years, wound oozing continued significantly longer in the pharmacological group than in the placebo group, but wound infection did not occur in any case. The @entity1211 events were similar in all the groups.

title: Effect of oral @entity6236 inhibitor and low-molecular-weight heparin on surgical complications following XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['swelling']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection, deep periprosthetic infection']

entities_list: @entity3925 :: ('MESH:C503223', 'Chemical') :: ['rivaroxaban']

entities_list: @entity572 :: ('MESH:D006617', 'Disease') :: ['THA', 'total hip arthroplasty']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['organ bleeding, and venous thromboembolic', 'VTE']

entities_list: @entity2120 :: ('MESH:D017984', 'Chemical') :: ['enoxaparin']

answer: @entity572 :: (MESH:D006617,Disease) :: ['total hip arthroplasty']


abstract: Gonadotropins were recently demonstrated to be able to activate the MAPK cascade, but the physiological significance of this activation is still obscure. In the present work we demonstrate that highly luteinized @entity1 granulosa cells obtained from in vitro fertilization @entity1 respond to @entity1 LH as well as to @entity1928 in phosphorylation of @entity3962 ( @entity1366 ). Moreover, the potent MAPK inhibitors, @entity4286 and @entity5732 , augment @entity1420 production in these cell cultures concomitantly with specific elevation of intracellular steroidogenic acute regulatory protein ( @entity624 ). Intracellular levels of the cytochrome P450 side-chain cleavage enzyme system do not seem to be affected. Similar observations were made with @entity35 preovulatory or preantral granulosa cells stimulated with LH, FSH, or @entity1928 . Elevation of @entity624 expression by the MAPK inhibitors involved elevation of @entity624 mRNA, as demonstrated by RT-PCR in the @entity1 cells. Immunocytochemical studies using specific antibodies to @entity624 demonstrate a higher content of mitochondrial @entity624 in control as well as in gonadotropin-stimulated cells in the presence of @entity4286 compared with cells not treated with @entity4286 . The cultured cells express the transcription factor @entity25626 ), the phosphorylation of which is known to activate the expression of @entity624 , as well as dosage-sensitive sex reversal @entity13601 , critical region on the X chromosome gene-1 ( @entity2539 ), which is known to negate @entity25626 activity. Intracellular levels of @entity2539 decreased significantly during 24 h of incubation of cells with or without LH in the presence of @entity4286 or @entity5732 compared with those in cultures incubated in the absence of the MAPK inhibitors. The expression of @entity25626 was suppressed by LH, whereas MAPK inhibitor could block this effect and further elevate @entity25626 levels. Thus, activation of the MAPK cascade by gonadotropins may serve as a novel mechanism to down-regulate steroidogenesis via attenuation of @entity624 expression. Moreover, modulation of @entity2539 and @entity25626 intracellular levels in these cells suggests that these transcription factors could be involved in MAPK suppression of @entity624 expression.

title: Down-regulation of steroidogenic response to gonadotropins in @entity1 and XXXX preovulatory granulosa cells involves mitogen-activated protein kinase activation and modulation of DAX-1 and steroidogenic factor-1.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity13601 :: ('MESH:C536757', 'Disease') :: ['adrenal hypoplasia congenita']

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone']

entities_list: @entity3962 :: ('5594;5595', 'Gene') :: ['extracellular-signal regulated kinases 1 and 2']

entities_list: @entity1928 :: ('MESH:D005576', 'Chemical') :: ['forskolin']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To prospectively study the effects of the use of Intacs microthin prescription inserts (Addition Technology Inc, Fremont, @entity2948 ) for the postoperative management of @entity2687 resulting from laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK). METHODS: In this prospective nonrandomized clinical trial, 10 eyes of 7 @entity1 with post-LASIK @entity2687 (2 @entity1 and 5 @entity1 ) aged 33 to 46 years (mean +/- SD, 40.67 +/- 5.99 years) were included. The follow-up ranged from 6 to 24 months (mean +/- SD, 15.0 +/- 6.5 months). Two Intacs segments of thickness depending on the residual refraction of the @entity1 were inserted in each eye. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Uncorrected visual acuity, best spectacle-corrected visual acuity, refractive outcome, and topographic findings after Intacs implantation. RESULTS: Intacs were successfully implanted in all eyes. Spherical equivalent error was statistically significantly reduced after Intacs implantation (pre-Intacs, mean +/- SD: -4.81 +/- 3.24 Diopters (D) (range, -13.75 to -2.50 D) to -0.96 +/- 2.93 D (range, -8.75 to 2.50 D) (P<.001). Pre-Intacs uncorrected visual acuity was 20/100 or worse in all eyes (range, counting fingers to 20/100) while at the last follow-up examination, 9 (90%) of 10 eyes had uncorrected visual acuity of 20/40 or better (range, counting fingers to 20/20). Three eyes maintained the pre-Intacs best spectacle-corrected visual acuity while the rest of the eyes (7) experienced a gain of 1 to 2 lines. The mean difference between pre-Intacs and last follow-up best spectacle-corrected visual acuity was a gain of 1.00 +/- 0.82 lines. CONCLUSIONS: Intracorneal ring segments implantation improved uncorrected visual acuity and best spectacle-corrected visual acuity in @entity1 with post-LASIK @entity4122 . Even though the results are encouraging, concern still exists regarding the long-term effect of such an approach for the management of post-LASIK @entity4122 .

title: Management of post-LASIK XXXX with Intacs inserts: one-year results.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity2687 :: ('MESH:D003316', 'Disease') :: ['corneal ectasia']

answer: @entity2687 :: (MESH:D003316,Disease) :: ['corneal ectasia']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: With the ageing of society, optimising decision-making for older @entity1 with @entity5 becomes increasingly important. A first step is awareness of current clinical practice. We analysed how treatment decisions regarding chemotherapy for older and younger @entity1 with @entity14 are currently being made by the multidisciplinary team, the oncologist and the @entity1 . METHODS: A total of 316 @entity1 with @entity14 (median age 68.3years), discussed at the multidisciplinary gastrointestinal oncology team meetings between 2010 and 2013, were reviewed to select @entity1 for whom guidelines recommended chemotherapy. Multidisciplinary decision-making and subsequent clinical course were extracted from medical files. RESULTS: The multidisciplinary team recommended chemotherapy in 97% of younger @entity1 treated with curative intent, compared to 65% of older @entity1 ; 86% of younger @entity1 and 42% of older @entity1 subsequently received chemotherapy. In a palliative setting, the multidisciplinary team recommended chemotherapy in 98% of younger and 69% of older @entity1 and 81% and 45%, respectively, subsequently received this treatment. In addition to comorbidity and the @entity1 's physical condition, chronological age was an important reason for withholding chemotherapy. When older @entity1 did receive chemotherapy, reduced intensity regimens were often effectuated. CONCLUSION: Multidisciplinary decision-making regarding chemotherapy for older @entity1 with @entity14 is still frequently based on clinical impressions, preconceptions or chronological age alone. Rather, treatment decisions should be made after thorough evaluation of the @entity1 's health status across multiple domains, either by a geriatrician or within the oncology team itself. Given the preference-sensitive nature of chemotherapy decisions in the elderly, shared decision-making should be strived for whenever possible.

title: Multidisciplinary decision-making on chemotherapy for XXXX : An age-based comparison.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity157 ( @entity157 ) is the fifth most common @entity5 worldwide and the second cause of @entity5 . Search for genes/proteins whose expression can discriminate between normal and neoplastic liver is fundamental for diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic purposes. Currently, the most used in vitro hepatocyte models to study molecular alterations underlying transformation include primary hepatocytes and transformed cell lines. However, each of these models presents limitations. Here we describe the isolation and characterization of two @entity35 hepatocyte cell lines as tools to study @entity409 . Long-term stable cell lines were obtained from a @entity157 -bearing @entity35 exposed to the Resistant-Hepatocyte protocol (RH cells) and from a @entity35 subjected to the same model in the absence of carcinogenic treatment, thus not developing HCCs (RNT cells). The presence of several markers identified the hepatocytic origin of both cell lines and confirmed their purity. Although morphologically similar to normal primary hepatocytes, RNT cells were able to survive and grow in monolayer culture for months and were not tumorigenic in vivo. On the contrary, RH cells displayed @entity5 -initiating cell markers, formed numerous colonies in soft agar and spheroids when grown in 3D and were highly tumorigenic and metastatic after injection into syngeneic @entity35 and immunocompromised @entity19 . Moreover, RNT gene expression profile was similar to normal liver, while that of RH resembled @entity157 . In conclusion, the two cell lines here described represent a useful tool to investigate the molecular changes underlying hepatocyte transformation and to experimentally demonstrate their role in @entity157 development.

title: A long term, non-tumorigenic XXXX hepatocyte cell line and its malignant counterpart, as tools to study hepatocarcinogenesis.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer-related death', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver carcinogenesis']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'Hepatocellular carcinoma']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine the rates of @entity1167 and @entity943 in @entity1 with treated @entity161 and in non-schizophrenic controls. DESIGN: Cohort study of outpatients using administrative data. SETTING: 3 US Medicaid programmes. @entity1 : @entity1 with @entity161 treated with @entity1088 , @entity1767 , @entity1090 , or @entity5957 ; a control group of @entity1 with @entity726 ; and a control group of @entity1 with @entity1569 . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Diagnosis of @entity1167 or @entity943 . RESULTS: @entity1 with treated @entity161 had higher rates of @entity1167 and @entity943 than controls, with rate ratios ranging from 1.7 to 3.2. Overall, @entity5957 was not associated with an increased risk compared with @entity1767 (rate ratio 0.9, 95% confidence interval 0.7 to 1.2). However, @entity5957 showed an increased risk of events at doses > or =600 mg (2.6, 1.0 to 6.6; P=0.049) and a linear dose-response relation (P=0.038). CONCLUSIONS: The increased risk of @entity1167 and @entity943 in @entity1 with treated @entity161 could be due to the disease or its treatment. Overall, the risk with @entity5957 was no worse than that with @entity1767 . @entity5957 may, however, have a higher risk at high doses, although this finding could be due to chance. To reduce cardiac risk, @entity5957 should be prescribed at the lowest dose needed to obtain an optimal therapeutic effect.

title: XXXX and @entity943 in patients taking antipsychotic drugs: cohort study using administrative data.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity1088 :: ('MESH:D003024', 'Chemical') :: ['clozapine']

entities_list: @entity1569 :: ('MESH:D011565', 'Disease') :: ['psoriasis']

entities_list: @entity5957 :: ('MESH:D013881', 'Chemical') :: ['thioridazine', 'Thioridazine']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity1767 :: ('MESH:D006220', 'Chemical') :: ['haloperidol']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrest']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular arrhythmia']

entities_list: @entity1090 :: ('MESH:D018967', 'Chemical') :: ['risperidone']

answer: @entity1167 :: (MESH:D006323,Disease) :: ['Cardiac arrest']


abstract: PURPOSE: We used scanning laser ophthalmoscope (SLO) microperimetry to evaluate @entity1019 in @entity1 with @entity1103 ( @entity1103 ) in @entity6 . METHODS: We studied 19 @entity1 (mean age = 63 years; range, 45-78 years) (19 eyes). SLO microperimetry was performed in all eyes. We divided @entity1 into three groups as follows: dense @entity1019 , @entity1019 , and no @entity1019 . The following variables were documented: age; duration of @entity6 , hemoglobin A(1c) levels; logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (Log(MAR)) visual acuity; refractive power; a history of panretinal photocoagulation; presence or absence of proliferative @entity6 , @entity1172 , and cystoid changes; the type of macular @entity4 ; and stability of fixation. All variables were compared in the three groups. RESULTS: We identified 4 eyes (21.1%) with dense @entity1019 , 10 (52.6%) with @entity1019 , and 5 (26.3%) with no @entity1019 . There were significant differences in log(MAR) visual acuity among those with dense @entity1019 (1.4 +/- 0.5), @entity1019 (0.6 +/- 0.2), and no @entity1019 (0.2 +/- 0.3) (P <.05), and in the prevalence of cystoid changes, diffuse @entity4 , and unstable fixation among those with dense @entity1019 (75%, 75%, and 100%, respectively), @entity1019 (20%, 30% and 50%, respectively) and no @entity1019 (0%, 0% and 0%, respectively) (P <.05). CONCLUSIONS: Macular @entity1019 was observed by SLO microperimetry in 74% of the @entity1 in this study. @entity1019 in @entity1103 is related to the formation of cystoid changes and the type of macular @entity4 . In eyes with @entity1103 in @entity6 , a @entity1019 in the macula causes @entity227 and unstable fixation.

title: Use of scanning laser ophthalmoscope microperimetry in clinically significant macular @entity4 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual acuity impairment']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes', 'type 2 diabetes mellitus', 'diabetic retinopathy']

entities_list: @entity1103 :: ('MESH:D008269', 'Disease') :: ['clinically significant diabetic macular edema', 'CSME']

entities_list: @entity1172 :: ('MESH:D001010', 'Disease') :: ['vitreomacular separation']

entities_list: @entity1019 :: ('MESH:D012607', 'Disease') :: ['scotomas', 'relative scotoma', 'A scotoma', 'scotoma']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['type 2 diabetes mellitus']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Obesity is strongly associated with the cause of structural and functional changes of the artery. Oxidative stress and @entity32 play a critical role in the development of @entity28 -induced @entity65 . Our group previously found that an @entity35634 derivative X22 showed excellent anti-inflammatory activity in LPS-stimulated macrophages. This study was designed to investigate the protective effects of X22 on high fat diet (HFD)-induced @entity1317 and its underlying mechanisms. We observed that @entity2365 (PA) treatment in HUVECs induced a marked increase in reactive @entity26 species, @entity32 , apoptosis, and @entity82 . All of these changes were effectively suppressed by X22 treatment in a dose-dependent manner, associated with NF-kB inactivation and @entity4027 activation. In HFD-fed @entity35 , administration of X22 at 10mg/kg significantly decreased the @entity3468 and oxidative stress, and eventually improved the arterial matrix remodeling and apoptosis. X22 at 10mg/kg showed a comparable bioactivity with the positive control, @entity6108 at 50mg/kg. The in vivo beneficial effects of X22 are also associated with its ability to increase @entity4027 expression and inhibit NF-kB activation in the artery of HFD-fed @entity35 . Overall, these results suggest that X22 may have therapeutic potential in the treatment of @entity28 -induced @entity1317 via regulation of @entity4027 -mediated oxidative stress and NF-kB-mediated @entity32 .

title: Inhibition of ROS and XXXX by an @entity35634 derivative X22 attenuate high fat diet-induced @entity1317 .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity35634 :: ('CHEBI:46908', 'Chemical') :: ['imidazopyridine']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity2365 :: ('CHEBI:7896', 'Chemical') :: ['palmitate']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity6108 :: ('MESH:D003474', 'Chemical') :: ['curcumin']

entities_list: @entity3468 :: ('MESH:D001167', 'Disease') :: ['arterial inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1317 :: ('MESH:D057772', 'Disease') :: ['arterial injury', 'artery injury']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disorders']

answer: @entity32 :: (MESH:D007249,Disease) :: ['inflammation']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Most studies examining the potential cardioprotective effects of postmenopausal @entity172 have been undertaken in healthy @entity1 , with doses that may not be appropriate for long-term intervention. New low-dose @entity172 -progestin regimens alleviate @entity1109 with a favorable side-effect profile; however, little is known of the impact of such regimens in @entity1 at increased risk of @entity65 . Hence, we have evaluated the effects of low-dose oral @entity172 -progestin therapy on serum lipoprotein lipids, brachial artery reactivity and fibrinogen in hypercholesterolemic postmenopausal @entity1 in direct comparison with the effects of @entity8673 , a lipid-lowering agent known to reduce cardiovascular events in @entity1 . METHODS: In a randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, parallel trial, we studied the effects of continuous combined @entity172 -progestin therapy (1 mg @entity53 with 500 micro g @entity5709 daily) or @entity8673 (20 mg daily) in 72 postmenopausal @entity1 with @entity4053 serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL) @entity165 levels greater than 124 mg/dl after an 8-week run-in diet, over a 24-week period. The primary end-point was percentage change in LDL @entity165 from baseline. RESULTS: The intention-to-treat population comprised 65 @entity1 , mean age 59 +/- 6.3 years, and 29 in each group completed the trial. Diet alone reduced LDL @entity165 significantly in both treatment groups, in association with a reduction in weight during this period. Compared with respective baseline values, @entity8673 decreased LDL @entity165 and total @entity165 to a greater extent than hormone therapy (p = 0.0001 and 0.003 for difference between treatments, respectively). High-density lipoprotein (HDL) @entity165 levels decreased with hormone therapy, but did not change with @entity8673 (p = 0.01). Lipoprotein(a) decreased significantly with hormone therapy only (-14%, 95% confidence interval (CI) -21 to -6%, p = 0.01 for difference between groups). Brachial artery @entity384 ( @entity384 ) was impaired at baseline, and this increased with hormone therapy (absolute mean change in artery diameter as percentage units 2.07, 95% CI 0.57-3.57, p = 0.009) versus no change with @entity8673 (0.19, 95% CI -1.1 to 1.5, p = 0.78), with a near-significant difference between the two groups (p = 0.058). A significant correlation between improved brachial artery @entity384 and reduction in LDL @entity165 was not observed. Fibrinogen decreased significantly in both treatment groups with no difference between treatments. CONCLUSIONS: In @entity170 @entity1 , @entity8673 and hormone therapy exhibited divergent effects. The former lowered total and LDL @entity165 more effectively, whereas hormone therapy lowered lipoprotein(a) significantly and improved brachial artery endothelium-dependent dilatation, independent of the reduction in LDL @entity165 . The modest increase in brachial artery @entity384 seen is consistent with @entity1007 compromising endothelial integrity, and suggests that the important effect of @entity172 on the endothelial microenvironment may be attenuated in @entity1 with @entity409 .

title: Differing effects of low-dose @entity172 -progestin therapy and XXXX in @entity170 @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity1007 :: ('MESH:D006937', 'Disease') :: ['hypercholesterolemia']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['flow-mediated dilatation', 'FMD']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['postmenopausal symptoms']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['postmenopausal hypercholesterolemic']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['endothelial dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['17beta-estradiol']

entities_list: @entity5709 :: ('MESH:C024262', 'Chemical') :: ['norethisterone acetate']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity8673 :: ('MESH:D017035', 'Chemical') :: ['pravastatin']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity8673 :: (MESH:D017035,Chemical) :: ['pravastatin']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The @entity29766 , @entity23662 and @entity40230 are single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of chromosome 9p21 locus associated with a prevalence of @entity1187 ( @entity1187 ). Reports concerning their association with long-term outcome after an @entity1187 are equivocal. The aim of our study was to investigate the association of the 9p21.3 locus with 5-year overall mortality in @entity1 with @entity583 ( @entity583 ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a retrospective analysis of data collected prospectively in 2 independent registries of consecutive @entity1 with @entity583 (derivation and validation group). Genotyping was performed with the TaqMan method. The analyzed end-point was total mortality. RESULTS: The derivation group comprised 589 @entity1 : 25.3% female (n = 149), mean age 62.4    12.0 years, total 5-year mortality 16.6% (n = 98). When all the study group was analyzed, no significant differences in mortality were found between the genotypes. However, in high-risk @entity1 (GRACE risk score >=  155 points, n = 238), homozygotes associated with higher risk for @entity1187 had significantly better 5-year survival compared to other genotypes. The hazard ratio associated with the high-risk genotype (a homozygote of high risk for @entity1187 or a heterozygote) was: HR = 2.2 (1.15-4.2) for the @entity29766 polymorphism, HR = 2.7 (95% CI 1.3-5.4) for the @entity40230 one and HR = 2.3 (1.2-4.5) for the @entity23662 one (Cox proportional hazards model). Survival analysis in the validation group (n = 365) showed a clear trend towards better prognosis in GG homozygotes of the @entity29766 SNP, which confirms our initial results (p = 0.09, log-rank test). CONCLUSIONS: The 9p21.3 locus is associated with 5-year mortality in high-risk @entity1 with @entity583 . The genotypes associated with higher risk for @entity1187 show a protective effect in terms of further survival (instead of a deteriorating prognosis, as reported previously). This finding, due to the very high size of the effect, could potentially be applied to clinical practice, if appropriate methods are elaborated.

title: Polymorphism of 9p21.3 locus is associated with 5-year survival in high-risk @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['ACS', 'acute coronary syndromes']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['STEMI', 'ST-elevation myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarction']


abstract: Chronic low dose systemic infusion of angiotensin II induces @entity101 via activation of the @entity19729 ( @entity19729 ). Previously, we have demonstrated that expression of the @entity19729 on catecholaminergic neurons is necessary for the full development of angiotensin-dependent @entity101 . In the present study, we examined the mechanism by which selective deletion of the @entity19729 from these cells affects the development of @entity101 . We also tested the hypothesis that @entity19729 expressed by catecholaminergic C1 neurons in the rostral ventrolateral medulla play an important role in angiotensin II @entity101 . A Cre-lox approach was used to delete @entity19729 from all catecholaminergic cells or from C1 neurons selectively. Subcutaneous administration of angiotensin II induced @entity101 in all @entity19 , with delayed onset and reduced maximal response in the global @entity19729 catecholaminergic knockout. The @entity19729 catecholamine knockout @entity19 had decreased renal fluid and electrolyte retention and urinary @entity1063 excretion. The blood pressure response was only reduced during the second week of angiotensin II infusion in the selective C1 @entity19729 deletion, demonstrating that @entity19729 expression by C1 neurons plays a moderate role in angiotensin-induced @entity101 . The difference in the time course of @entity101 development between the global @entity19729 knockout from catecholaminergic cells and the C1 @entity19729 deletion @entity19 suggests that other @entity2922 neurons are important. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Angiotensin type 1A receptor expression in C1 neurons of the rostral ventrolateral medulla contributes to the development of angiotensin-dependent XXXX .

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity2922 :: ('CHEBI:33567', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamine']

entities_list: @entity19729 :: ('11607(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['angiotensin II type 1A receptor', 'AT1AR']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['noradrenaline']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertension']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of @entity17390 have yet to be determined. PURPOSE: To assess the correlation between MRI and pathological findings of @entity17390 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: MR images were obtained on @entity1 with histologically proven @entity17390 using a 1.5-T MR scanner. The images were retrospectively reviewed for size, signal intensity compared with skeletal muscles, and enhancement patterns. Furthermore, we assessed the presence of a reticular appearance, a ring-like appearance, and peritumoral fat stranding. RESULTS: We included 11 consecutive @entity1 with 12 histologically proven @entity17390 (3 @entity1 / @entity1 , 8 @entity1 / @entity1 ; age range, 4-76 years; mean age, 20 years; median age, 14 years). The @entity5 were located in the head and neck (n   =   6), upper extremities (n   =   5), and lower extremities (n   =   1). The maximum @entity5 diameter was in the range of 7-32   mm (mean, 16.5   mm). On T2-weighted (T2W) images, five @entity5 showed homogeneous hypointensity, whereas six showed @entity2363 and one showed cystic hyperintensity. On fat-suppressed T2W images, nine @entity5 showed @entity2363 , eight showed ring-like hyperintensity, and five showed peritumoral fat stranding. On fat-suppressed @entity2287 -enhanced T1-weighted (T1W) images, one @entity5 showed no enhancement, whereas three showed reticular enhancement and five showed ring-like enhancement. Histologically, @entity82 was observed in 10 @entity5 , @entity5 capsules in 11, and inflammatory cell infiltration of the peritumoral fat tissue in nine. CONCLUSION: MRI features of @entity17390 included @entity2363 on fat-suppressed T2W images and reticular and ring-like enhancement on fat-suppressed @entity2287 -enhanced T1W images.

title: MR imaging findings of XXXX : a radiological-pathological correlation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'girls', 'boys', 'men']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['edematous and fibrous stroma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity2363 :: ('MESH:C538361', 'Disease') :: ['reticular and ring-like hyperintensities', 'reticular hyperintensity']

entities_list: @entity17390 :: ('MESH:D018296', 'Disease') :: ['pilomatricomas']

entities_list: @entity2287 :: ('MESH:D005682', 'Chemical') :: ['gadolinium']

answer: @entity17390 :: (MESH:D018296,Disease) :: ['pilomatricomas']


abstract: Rationale: Radiographically-confirmed @entity55 risk has not been assessed with inhaled corticosteroid use in @entity1030 ( @entity1030 ). Objectives: To determine the incidence of @entity55 , risk factors and clinical attributes with inhaled @entity14680 in @entity1030 @entity1 with an exacerbation history. Methods: Two replicate, 1-year, double-blind clinical trials enrolled @entity1030 subjects with moderate to very severe airflow limitation and at least one exacerbation in the prior year. Subjects were randomized 1:1:1:1 to receive inhaled once-daily @entity16137 25   g or @entity16137 25   g combined with 50   g, 100   g, or 200   g @entity14680 . Subjects were required to have a chest radiograph at screening and within 48 hours of any suspected @entity55 or exacerbation. Measurements and Main Results: Of 3255 randomized subjects, 205 @entity55 events occurred in 181 subjects. Chest imaging was available for 195 (95%) of these events. Chest radiographs were also obtained for 1793 (70%) of the 2545 moderate and severe exacerbations. For @entity16137 alone and the combination with 50   g, 100   g, or 200   g @entity14680 , reported @entity55 incidence was 3%, 6%, 6% and 7%, respectively. However, for events with compatible parenchymal infiltrates, respective incidences were 2%, 4%, 4% and 5%. Factors associated with at least a two-fold increase in the risk of @entity55 with FF/VI were being a current smoker, having prior @entity55 , BMI < 25kg/m2, and severe airflow limitation. Conclusions: Although the incidence of @entity55 is low, radiographically-confirmed @entity55 risk is increased with inhaled FF/VI, although lower than investigator-defined rates. Clinical trial registered with clinicaltrials.gov NCT01009463 (HZC102871); NCT01017952 (HZC102970).

title: Pneumonia Risk with Inhaled @entity14680 and XXXX Compared with @entity16137 Alone in @entity1 with @entity1030 .

entities_list: @entity16137 :: ('MESH:C550468', 'Chemical') :: ['vilanterol']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity14680 :: ('MESH:C523187', 'Chemical') :: ['fluticasone furoate']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease', 'COPD']

answer: @entity16137 :: (MESH:C550468,Chemical) :: ['Vilanterol']


abstract: @entity15476 (AP) is a @entity19317 in dietary @entity3088 reported as strong antioxidant and elite modulator of PPARy. The current study evaluated the consequence of AP in @entity3044 ( @entity8670 )-induced oxidative stress and @entity583 during b-adrenergic receptor stimulus in @entity35 by persistent hemodynamic, biochemical and histopathological changes. @entity35 received AP (25, 50 and 75  mg/kg/day) or vehicle i.p. for 14  days and @entity8670 (100  mg/kg, s.c.) on 13th and 14th days for initiation of @entity1370 . @entity8670 -treated @entity35 showed evidence of significant dwindle in systolic and diastolic arterial pressures, maximal positive rate of developed left ventricular pressure. In totting up, a noteworthy diminution in activities of @entity908 kinase-MB isoenzyme, @entity2041 , @entity224 dismutase, @entity12609 and level along with rise in @entity1234 content were observed. The shielding function of AP on @entity3044 -induced @entity296 was observed by attenuating all the endogenous parameters and the membrane-bound enzymes. It was confirmed by histopathological examinations. The effect of AP at the doses of 50 and 75  mg/kg showed added apparent than at the dose of 25  mg/kg. Current study thus provides confirmation for protective effects of AP on myocardium in experimentally induced @entity583 .

title: @entity15476 Attenuates b-Receptor-Stimulated XXXX Via Safeguarding Cardiac Functions and Escalation of Antioxidant Defence System.

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial damage']

entities_list: @entity908 :: ('MESH:D003401', 'Chemical') :: ['creatine']

entities_list: @entity2041 :: ('MESH:D005978', 'Chemical') :: ['reduced glutathione']

entities_list: @entity3088 :: ('MESH:D005419', 'Chemical') :: ['flavonoids']

entities_list: @entity1234 :: ('MESH:D008315', 'Chemical') :: ['malondialdehyde']

entities_list: @entity3044 :: ('MESH:D007545', 'Chemical') :: ['isoproterenol']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide']

entities_list: @entity1370 :: ('MESH:D066126', 'Disease') :: ['cardiotoxicity']

answer: @entity296 :: (MESH:D009202,Disease) :: ['Myocardial Injury']


abstract: We have made @entity1442 in the earlier diagnosis and treatment of @entity320 . Indeed, the early recognition and surgical management of thin primary cutaneous @entity320 of less than 1.00 mm in Breslow's thickness has resulted in a >97% cure rate. For stage III and IV disease, our current treatment options are poor, with response rates well below 20% and only rare long-term responders noted. This is most clearly highlighted in a recent review by Rosenberg et al. who examined the role of immunotherapy in the treatment of @entity1 with stage IV @entity320 over a nine-year period. Overall, 96% of all @entity1 had @entity320 , utilizing a wide array of vaccine strategies including synthetic peptides, naked DNA, dendritic cells (DC) and recombinant viruses in @entity1 with various advanced @entity5 . They found that the overall objective response rate, utilizing conventional oncologic criteria for clinical @entity5 response, was only 2.6%. By combining the results of the Surgery Branch with the latter trials above, a total of 1,306 vaccine treatments have been given for an overall objective response rate of 3.3%. Such dismal results compel us to take a critical look at our current approach to @entity5 immunology and immunotherapy, with the intention of improving our current understanding of the complex interactions that occur within the @entity5 microenvironment. This in turn will provide us with new insight and direction as we design the next generation of vaccines for @entity1 with advanced @entity5 and in particular @entity320 .

title: Immunotherapy as part of a multidisciplinary approach to XXXX treatment.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1442 :: ('MESH:D020178', 'Disease') :: ['tremendous advances']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma', 'metastatic melanoma']

answer: @entity320 :: (MESH:D008545,Disease) :: ['melanoma']


abstract: PURPOSE: The global incidence of @entity957 ( @entity957 ) has been increasing, and it has been proposed that a rising rate of @entity1082 )-associated @entity5 is driving the observed changes in @entity957 incidence. We carried out this systematic review to further examine the prevalence of HPV in @entity957 over time worldwide. METHODS: A systematic literature search was performed to identify all articles through January 31, 2014, which reported on the prevalence of HPV in @entity957 . Articles that met the inclusion criteria were divided into 4 time frames (pre-1995, 1995-1999, 2000-2004, and 2005 to present) based on the median year of the study's sample collection period. Using a weighted analysis of variance model, we examined the trends of HPV-positivity over time worldwide, in North America, and in Europe. RESULTS: Our literature search identified 699 unique articles. One hundred seventy-five underwent review of the entire study, and 105 met the inclusion criteria. These 105 articles reported on the HPV prevalence in 9541 @entity957 specimens across 23 nations. We demonstrated significant increases in the percentage change of HPV-positive OPSCCs from pre-1995 to present: 20.6% worldwide (P for trend: P < 0.001), 21.6% in North America (P = 0.013), and 21.5% in Europe (P = 0.033). CONCLUSIONS: Interestingly, whereas in Europe there was a steady increase in HPV prevalence across all time frames, reaching nearly 50% most recently, in North America HPV prevalence appears to have plateaued over the past decade at about 65%. These findings may have important implications regarding predictions for the future incidence of @entity957 .

title: Prevalence of @entity1082 in XXXX : A Systematic Review.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['OPSCC', 'oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1082 :: ('10566', 'Species') :: ['human papillomavirus (HPV']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Oropharyngeal Cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To analyse the role of CT-scan on preoperative determination of bladder and lymph node involvement of infiltrative @entity150 , and its possible impact on the surgical management of these @entity1 . METHODS: Retrospective study including 115 @entity1 with the diagnosis of infiltrative @entity150 between 1984 and 1999. The ability of CT-scan for bladder and lymph node staging was evaluated comparing results with the findings after radical surgery. Potential impact of this imaging technique on change of surgical attitudes was evaluated. RESULTS: Perivesical involvement estimation by CT-scan was right in 36.5%, underestimated in 49.6% and overestimated in 14%. The more advanced the perivesical involvement the lower the sensitivity for CT-scan in perivesical staging. The more locally advanced @entity5 the higher specificity, oscillating between 44% for pT2 and 94% for pT4. In reference to lymph node staging, it was correct in 71.3% of the cases, although this percentage depended almost exclusively on @entity1 with negative nodes (N-). However, there was a 24.3% understaging rate which corresponded to the majority of N+ @entity1 . These data offer a 28% sensitivity, 93% specificity, 68% positive predictive value, and 72% negative predictive value. Finally, the reliability of @entity150 in @entity1 with lymph node involvement (N+) (39 @entity1 ) was established; it was correctly estimated in as low as 30% of the cases with a 70% understaging rate. CT-scan would have modified surgical attitudes in only 6 @entity1 (5%), all of them with advanced @entity5 . CONCLUSIONS: The impact of CT-scan on infiltrative @entity150 clinical staging is relatively low. The highest benefit is obtained in @entity1 suspect of having advanced disease. Limitation to this group would result in significative cost reductions with low risk for unappropriate surgical management.

title: [Staging of infiltrating XXXX . Role of C.T. scan].

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder cancer', 'bladder staging']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours', 'tumour']

answer: @entity150 :: (MESH:D001749,Disease) :: ['bladder cancer']


abstract: Identification of microRNAs (miRNAs) that regulate lipid metabolism is important to advance the understanding and treatment of some of the most common @entity1 diseases. In the liver, a few key miRNAs have been reported that regulate lipid metabolism, but since many genes contribute to hepatic lipid metabolism, we hypothesized that other such miRNAs exist. To identify genes repressed by miRNAs in mature hepatocytes in vivo, we injected adult @entity19 carrying floxed @entity11418 alleles with an adenoassociated viral vector expressing Cre recombinase specifically in hepatocytes. By inactivating Dicer in adult quiescent hepatocytes we avoided the hepatocyte injury and regeneration observed in previous @entity19 models of global miRNA deficiency in hepatocytes. Next, we combined gene and miRNA expression profiling to identify candidate gene/miRNA interactions involved in hepatic lipid metabolism, and validated their function in vivo using antisense oligonucleotides. A candidate gene that emerged from our screen was @entity14694 ( @entity14694 ), which encodes an enzyme that facilitates cellular uptake of lipids from the circulation. Unlike in energy-dependent cells like myocytes, @entity14694 is normally repressed in adult hepatocytes. We identified @entity53504 as the miRNA responsible for repressing @entity14694 in hepatocytes, and found that decreasing hepatic @entity53504 levels causes lipids to accumulate in @entity19 livers. Conclusion: Our screen suggests several new miRNAs are regulators of hepatic lipid metabolism. We show that one of these, @entity53504 , contributes to physiological lipid distribution away from the liver and protects hepatocytes from @entity1560 . Our results, together with @entity53504 's known anti-fibrotic effect, suggest @entity53504 is a therapeutic target in @entity409 . (Hepatology 2014).

title: A screen in XXXX uncovers repression of @entity14694 by microRNA-29a as a mechanism for lipid distribution away from the liver.

entities_list: @entity1560 :: ('MESH:D005234', 'Disease') :: ['steatosis']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['fatty liver disease']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: Objective: @entity4051 c measurements are typically less variable than fasting plasma @entity413 (FPG) for diagnosing @entity6 , and for assessment of progress on @entity413 control therapy. However HbA1c reaches steady-state relative to average plasma @entity413 over about 120 days. HbA1c thus overestimates average FPG during first three months of starting therapy in newly diagnosed @entity6 @entity1 , and care needs to be exercised in interpreting HbA1c measurements during this period. At steady-state excellent regression exists between HbA1c and FPG. We hypothesize that this regression can also be used to obtain reliable estimates of HbA1c relative to FPG at 4 and 8 weeks following the onset of therapy. Materials and methods: We collected FPG and @entity4051 c data of type 2 @entity6 @entity1 over the first 8 weeks of starting antidiabetic treatment. We fit linear and nonlinear regression models to steady-state data, and estimated how much measured HbA1c deviates at 4 and 8 weeks from these theoretical relations. Results: If measured @entity4051 c is decremented by 0.7% (8mmol/mol) at 4 weeks and 0.3% (3 mmol/mol) at 8 weeks, this corrected HbA1c is a better predictor of the corresponding FPG. Using hyperbolic regression, corrections to @entity4051 c are 0.5 and 0.1% (5 and 1mmol/mol), respectively. Conclusion: With the corrections proposed here, HbA1c measurements can be better interpreted in the early weeks of antidiabetic treatment.

title: The relationship between fasting plasma XXXX and HbA1c during intensive periods of @entity413 control in antidiabetic therapy.

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes']

answer: @entity413 :: (MESH:D005947,Chemical) :: ['glucose']


abstract: The soluble @entity11230 (HA) (cholera lectin) produced by @entity1838 CA401 was purified to apparent homogeneity by a sequence of @entity1329 fractionation, gel filtration, and preparative isoelectric focusing. Soluble HA activity was found to focus at three different pIs, 6.3, 5.3, and 4.7. Each of the factors migrated as a large-molecular-weight protein in @entity3208 - @entity2975 gel electrophoresis under normal conditions, and each, upon heating in @entity3208 was found to dissociate into 32,000-molecular-weight subunits. Treating the samples with a reducing agent did not affect their mobility. Each gave a reaction of immunological identity with antiserum prepared against the others. Thus, there are apparently three distinct pH isotypes of soluble HA which exist as noncovalently associated polymers of 32,000-molecular-weight subunits. Electron microscopy of purified preparations revealed long filamentous polymers. The molecule does not stain as a glycoprotein; it is hydrophobic; it is inactivated during incubation at 25, 37, or 60 degrees C; and it has significant protease activity. The protease activity likewise focused at pH values of 6.3 and 5.3 to 4.7, and it was inhibited by antiserum against the HA. However, whereas the HA is active at 4 degrees C, the protease is not. The soluble HA is, therefore, a bifunctional molecule capable of mediating hemagglutination and proteolysis. Its @entity535 composition is reported. Fab fragments of antibody against the purified HA inhibited attachment of heterologous serotype-biotype @entity1838 to @entity1 @entity95 small bowel.

title: Purification and characterization of the soluble hemagglutinin (cholera lectin)( produced by XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3208 :: ('MESH:D012967', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium dodecyl sulfate']

entities_list: @entity1838 :: ('666', 'Species') :: ['Vibrio cholerae strain', 'V. cholerae']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity2975 :: ('CHEBI:51135', 'Chemical') :: ['polyacrylamide']

entities_list: @entity11230 :: ('MESH:D006388', 'Chemical') :: ['hemagglutinin']

entities_list: @entity1329 :: ('MESH:D000645', 'Chemical') :: ['ammonium sulfate']

answer: @entity1838 :: (666,Species) :: ['Vibrio cholerae']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Operative management of @entity1 with cutaneous @entity320 is guided primarily by the pathologic determination of @entity92 . Differentiating early from more advanced @entity320 is not always straightforward and may be complicated by pathologic misdiagnosis, inappropriate biopsy techniques, or poor specimen handling. Inconsistencies between the @entity1 's history and the pathologist's interpretation may alert the physician to the possibility of misdiagnosis. In this setting, awareness of the signs and symptoms (S/S) of thin versus intermediate or deep @entity320 may be helpful in guiding management. The authors performed a prospective evaluation of the S/S reported by @entity1 who presented at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center with invasive primary @entity320 . METHODS: The authors prospectively evaluated 369 @entity1 with a detailed questionnaire regarding their S/S at the time of their initial visit. Multivariate logistic regression was employed to study the association between S/S reported by the @entity1 and @entity92 of the @entity75 , adjusting for gender, age, and anatomic site. @entity1 were grouped by the @entity92 of their primary @entity5 into three categories for analysis: those with thin (< or = 1.0 mm), intermediate (1.0-4.0 mm), and thick (> or = 4.0 mm) lesions. RESULTS: Gender, age, and primary site were not significantly predictive of increasing category of @entity92 . Most @entity1 reported at least one S/S (n=278 [75%]). The most common S/S reported was an increase in size (n=187 [51%]), followed by a change in color (n=147 [40%]). Bleeding (n=95 [26%]), lump (n=86 [23%]), itching (n=83 [22%]), skin breakdown (n=66 [18%]), and @entity158 (n=24 [7%]) were less common. In a multivariate analysis, the S/S most strongly associated with an increased category of @entity92 was @entity548 (odds ratio [OR] 7.5), followed by @entity158 ( @entity51552 ), lump (OR 2.2), itching ( @entity16133 ), and change in size (OR 1.7). The only S/Ss not independently associated with an increasing category of @entity92 were a change in color and skin breakdown. The presence of one or more S/S was associated significantly with an increased category of @entity92 of the primary @entity320 (1 or 2 S/S vs. no S/S: OR, 4; > or= 3 S/S vs. no S/S: OR, 24). CONCLUSION: Most S/Ss of cutaneous @entity320 are associated with an increasing risk of a deep @entity75 . Understanding this relationship can be valuable in @entity1 management, especially when pathologic data are incomplete or inconsistent with the @entity1 's history.

title: Symptoms and signs of primary @entity320 : important indicators of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['primary lesion']

entities_list: @entity92 :: ('MESH:D007222', 'Disease') :: ['Breslow depth']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma']

answer: @entity92 :: (MESH:D007222,Disease) :: ['Breslow depth']


abstract: AIM: There is a growing interest in environmental interventions to complement the psychosocial approaches to cope with @entity2146 in @entity303 . The aim of this study was to present this evidence from literature and research to care practitioners and family carers in order to gather their reflections. In this way, we can identify experienced gaps in care practice and define needs for further research. METHOD: A framework with seven types of environmental interventions for @entity2146 in @entity303 was developed through literature review, referring to the impact of light, smell, noise, temperature, nature, colour and spatial configuration. This framework guided three expert panels, respectively, with family caregivers of @entity1 with @entity303 (N  =  5), professional home care workers (N  =  12) and professional caregivers working in nursing homes (N  =  10). RESULTS: All caregivers stressed the impact of @entity2146 on their quality of life and on the quality of life of the @entity1 with @entity303 . Most caregivers were familiar with the impact of daylight, natural elements and domestic smells. Caregivers were unfamiliar with the specific effects of bright light therapy and were interested in more research on the effectiveness of light, temperature and spatial configuration. They stressed the individuality of @entity2146 in @entity303 . CONCLUSION: Caregivers already use sensory and spatial interventions to manage @entity2146 , and they are interested in knowing more about feasible effective interventions. Caregivers need to be informed on the possible benefits of sensory environmental factors on coping with @entity2146 . To this end, it is very useful to take the experiences of caregivers into account.

title: Agitation in XXXX and the role of spatial and sensory interventions: experiences of professional and family caregivers.

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['persons', 'person']

entities_list: @entity2146 :: ('MESH:D011595', 'Disease') :: ['agitation']

answer: @entity303 :: (MESH:D003704,Disease) :: ['dementia']


abstract: Acute peripheral @entity432 occurs as a result of @entity715 or @entity887 . A reduction in the prevalence of @entity6331 accounts for a shift in the frequency of @entity6650 . Also, a dramatic increase in the number of lower extremity arterial bypass graft procedures explains the predominance of graft occlusions in most recent series of @entity1 with @entity63 . While open surgical procedures remain the gold standard in the treatment of peripheral @entity432 , thrombolytic agents have been employed as an alternative to primary surgical revascularization in @entity1 with @entity63 . Systemic administration of thrombolytic agents, while effective for small coronary artery clots, fails to achieve dissolution of the large peripheral arterial thrombi. Catheter-directed administration of the agents directly into the occlusive thrombus is the only means of effecting early recanalization. Prior to 1999, urokinase was the sole agent used in North America for peripheral arterial indications, but the loss of the agent from the marketplace forced clinicians to turn to alternate agents, specifically alteplase and reteplase. Interest in the use of platelet glycoprotein inhibitors and mechanical thrombectomy devices also rose, coincident with the loss of urokinase from the marketplace. Most clinicians welcome the predicted return of urokinase to the marketplace. New investigative trials should be organized and executed to answer some of the remaining questions related to thrombolytic treatment of @entity3657 . Foremost in this regard remains the question of which @entity1 are best treated with percutaneous thrombolytic techniques and which are best treated with primary operative intervention. Ultimately, however, the thrombolytic agents are but one tool in the armamentarium of the vascular practitioner. This review is directed at providing the practicing clinician with the basic fund of knowledge necessary when determining the most appropriate intervention in a particular @entity1 with peripheral @entity432 , be it thrombolytic therapy, percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy, primary surgical revascularization, or a combination of the three.

title: Current status of thrombolysis for peripheral XXXX .

entities_list: @entity6331 :: ('MESH:D012214', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatic heart disease']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3657 :: ('MESH:D058729', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral arterial disease']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['acute limb ischemia']

entities_list: @entity6650 :: ('MESH:D016769', 'Disease') :: ['embolic to thrombotic occlusions']

entities_list: @entity887 :: ('MESH:D004617', 'Disease') :: ['embolism']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['arterial occlusion']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

answer: @entity432 :: (MESH:D001157,Disease) :: ['arterial occlusive disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to evaluate a possible association between serum @entity1391 levels and the incidence of @entity943 in the early stages of @entity295 . METHODS: We conducted a prospective, controlled study in the General Intensive Care Unit (GICU) of a university hospital. Sixteen @entity1 with @entity295 , but without any previous @entity299 , were studied during their first 24 h in the GICU. @entity1 were connected to a continuous ECG recording device. Blood samples for serum @entity1391 level determinations were drawn during the first 6 h after admission to the unit. RESULTS: Ten of 16 @entity1 had 21 episodes of @entity943 . These @entity1 had higher mean Apache II scores (20.2+/-6.2) than the six @entity1 without @entity943 (13.2+/-1.7; P<0.05) and significantly lower mean @entity1391 levels (0.73+/-0.16 vs. 1.02+/-0.32 mmol/l; P<0.03). No association was found between serum @entity1391 levels and mortality among @entity1 with @entity943 , or when all survivors (with and without @entity943 ) were compared to all non-survivors. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that @entity1 with @entity295 and low serum @entity1391 levels are at a greater risk of developing @entity943 . We suggest that @entity1391 supplementation in the early stages of @entity295 may prevent @entity943 .

title: Association between hypophosphatemia and XXXX in the early stages of @entity295 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1391 :: ('CHEBI:26020', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphate']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac disease']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrhythmias', 'arrhythmias', 'arrhythmia', 'atrial and ventricular arrhythmias']

answer: @entity943 :: (MESH:D001145,Disease) :: ['cardiac arrhythmias']


abstract: 40 couples freshly married and with @entity458 were counselled by the Advisory Department of Marriage Health Care, founded in 1981. The results of treatment were obtained from original records and recent follow up visits. Of the 49 cases, 18 couples had functional, psychological and physiological problems, including 11 cases of @entity323 , 2 cases of rejection, 1 case where a @entity1 was rejected and 1 case of male sexual organic maldevelopment. The other 31 couples were sexually ignorant, and are the focus of the paper. Characteristics of the @entity1 : 1) husband and wife visited the department together; 2) both were sexually normal (organically); 3) both partners were healthy; 4) @entity1 and @entity1 were all 1st married; 5) most of then were in love with each other; only a few couples had gaps between themselves after being married for a few years; 6) they were all sexually active and tried for many times, but finished their sexual intercourse and spermatism outside the vagina in as few minutes. Of the 31 cases, the @entity1 's ages ranged from 22-32; 13 were between 22-25; 17 were between 26-30 and 1 was older than 30. The sample consisted of 15 technical workers including shop assistants, 4 farmers and 12 executives including technicians, teachers and doctors. The duration of counseling lasted from 2 days until 4 years, 8 cases resolved within 10 days, 11 cases between 10 and 30 days; 8 cases between 1 and 6 months and 3 cases for more than 6 months. Of the 31 cases only one @entity1 had her hymen cut. The other 30 couples were taught sex education by concentrating on new marriages, sex knowledge, female genitalia, anatomy, direction of vagina and position during sexual intercourse. 2 of the 30 cases could not be visited and 28 of 30 cases could complete sexual intercourse satisfactorily (27 couples learned well within a week and 1 couple within 6 months).

title: Recognizing the importance of premarital sex education from XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'woman', 'patients', 'man', 'men']

entities_list: @entity323 :: ('MESH:D007172', 'Disease') :: ['impotence']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['sexual intercourse failure']

answer: @entity458 :: (MESH:D020018,Disease) :: ['sexual intercourse failure']


abstract: @entity1072 ( @entity1072 ) is characterized by a predominant @entity3230 predisposing the @entity1 to @entity281 . Oxidative stress leads to an increased immunoglobulin k light chain production in B cells and contributes to the antibodies' @entity7893 . Aim of the Study. To evaluate the global oxidative status in @entity1 with @entity1072 and to determine whether the administration of antioxidants decreases complications due to @entity281 . @entity1 and Method. We studied 84 @entity1 with @entity1072 stratified by Binet staging. Free @entity26 radicals and antioxidant status were determined by the FORT and FORD test, respectively, at diagnosis and in the presence of @entity281 . The @entity1 were distributed in two groups: group A, treated only with antileukemic treatment, and group B, treated with antileukemic treatment and antioxidants. Results. By FORD and FORT assay, all @entity1 had at diagnosis a low antioxidant capacity, and high levels of @entity8415 . Infectious complications were more frequent in group A (B/C stages of disease) than in group B. Administrations of antioxidants stimulated the immune response and @entity166 in @entity1072 . Conclusions. Administrations of antioxidants and a healthy life style may improve the quality of life of @entity1 with @entity1072 and reduce the risk of @entity166 .

title: The role of oxidative stress and the effects of antioxidants on the incidence of @entity166 of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity8415 :: ('CHEBI:35924', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroperoxides']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity1072 :: ('MESH:D015451', 'Disease') :: ['CLL', 'Chronic lymphocytic leukemia']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity7893 :: ('MESH:D000361', 'Disease') :: ['deficiency and hypogammaglobulinemia']

entities_list: @entity3230 :: ('MESH:C565469', 'Disease') :: ['humoral immune deficiency']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['infectious complications', 'decreased infectious complications']

answer: @entity1072 :: (MESH:D015451,Disease) :: ['chronic lymphocytic leukemia']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: This prospective study was performed to assess the influence of limited weight-bearing on the outcome of @entity4713 in the treatment of an @entity1843 tali. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Of a total of 85 @entity1 , 68 (80%; 37 male, 31 female, average age 28 years) were followed up after open or arthroscopic drilling between July 1990 and March 2000. The total outcome of 6 weeks limited postoperative weight-bearing (n=26) was compared with the outcome of 12 weeks limited weight-bearing (n=42). The average follow-up time was 4.8 years after surgery. RESULTS: A significant increase (p<0.01) in the @entity8221 and AOFAS scores was found for the entire study group ranging from @entity8221 : 82 points; AOFAS: 68 points before surgery to @entity8221 : 94 points; AOFAS: 90 points at the time of assessment. The duration of limited weight-bearing did not significantly influence the outcome of surgery. Through @entity4713 , the average AOFAS score increased 20 points (73/93) and the @entity8221 score 12 points (84/96) in the 6-week group and the AOFAS score 23 points (65/88) and the @entity8221 score 12 points (80/92) in the 12-week group. The total outcome between the two postoperative treatment regimens showed no significant difference. CONCLUSION: Osteochondral drilling is an adequate therapy for @entity1843 tali. The postoperative duration of limited weight-bearing does not significantly influence the surgical outcome.

title: The influence of limited postoperative weight-bearing on the outcome of drilling in XXXX tali.

entities_list: @entity1843 :: ('MESH:D010008', 'Disease') :: ['osteochondritis dissecans']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4713 :: ('MESH:D010007', 'Disease') :: ['osteochondral drilling']

answer: @entity1843 :: (MESH:D010008,Disease) :: ['osteochondritis dissecans']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Neuroprotective benefits of @entity1068 ( @entity167 ) and normobaric oxygenation (NBO) were previously demonstrated in transient and permanent @entity385 . Here we sought to identify whether the enhanced @entity8193 and increased expression of @entity3338 transporters (MCTs) observed after @entity64 might be attenuated by single and/or combined @entity167 and NBO therapies. METHODS: @entity35 (n=96) were subjected to right @entity2500 ( @entity2500 ) for 2 or 4h (transient @entity63 ), or 28h (permanent @entity63 ) followed by 3, 24h, or no reperfusion. @entity35 received: (1) either an intraperitoneal injection of saline (sham treatment), one dose of @entity167 (1.5g/kg), two doses of @entity167 (1.5g/kg at 2h of @entity2500 , followed by 1.0g/kg 2h after 1st dose), or (2) @entity167 +95% NBO (at 2h of @entity2500 for 6h in permanent @entity63 ). @entity880 levels were detected at 3 and 24h of reperfusion. Gene and protein expressions of @entity20563 were assessed by real-time PCR and western blotting. RESULTS: A dose-dependent @entity167 neuroprotection was found in transient @entity63 . Following transient @entity63 , a single dose of @entity167 (in 2h- @entity2500 ) or a double dose (in 4h- @entity2500 ), significantly attenuated @entity880 levels, as well as the mRNAs and protein expressions of @entity20563 , @entity20564 , and @entity20565 . However, while two doses of @entity167 alone was ineffective in permanent @entity64 , the combined therapy ( @entity167 +95% NBO) resulted in a more significant attenuation in all the above levels and expressions. CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrates that acute @entity167 administration attenuated @entity8193 in transient or permanent @entity385 . This @entity167 -induced beneficial effect was potentiated by NBO therapy in permanent @entity63 . Because both @entity167 and NBO are readily available, inexpensive and easy to administer, their combination could be implemented in the clinics shortly after @entity64 .

title: Reduced cerebral monocarboxylate transporters and XXXX levels by @entity1068 and normobaric oxygen therapy in severe transient and permanent @entity385 .

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity2500 :: ('MESH:D020244', 'Disease') :: ['MCAO', 'middle cerebral artery occlusion']

entities_list: @entity8193 :: ('MESH:D000140', 'Disease') :: ['lactic acidosis']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate', 'Lactate']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague-Dawley rats', 'Rats']

entities_list: @entity3338 :: ('CHEBI:35757', 'Chemical') :: ['monocarboxylate']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity880 :: (MESH:D019344,Chemical) :: ['lactate']


abstract: The effects of the addition of a @entity460 channel blocker, @entity1855 (20 mg/kg/day) to an @entity1811 inhibitor, @entity21594 (0.7 mg/kg/day) in a 6-month treatment on @entity177 development in @entity35 with 5/6th nephrectomy, were studied. Every month we measured heart rate and arterial pressure by the tail-cuff method. Renal function studies were performed in metabolic cages. At the end of the study, renal tissue was prepared for light microscope analysis. @entity8 were assessed by semiquantitative scores in a blind fashion. Corpuscular section area, intraglomerular and tubulointerstitial @entity82 were determined by digital image analysis with a specific software (Fibrosis HR) on syrium red-stained renal sections. @entity21594 markedly increased the survival ratio that after 6 months reached 87% in comparison with 61% in untreated @entity35 . No mortality was observed in @entity35 treated with the combination of @entity1855 and @entity21594 . @entity21594 treatment prevented the development of @entity101 . The combination @entity1855 - @entity21594 did not induce further reduction on blood pressure. The untreated group showed a marked @entity644 , that in the @entity21594 group showed an important reduction. The @entity1855 + @entity21594 group showed a @entity644 significantly smaller than that of all the other groups. Light microscopy semiquantitative studies of the @entity8 showed that the @entity21594 and @entity1855 + @entity21594 groups had a marked @entity8 , compared with untreated animals. Quantitative determinations of glomerular and interstitial @entity82 performed on syrium red-stained renal sections demonstrated that @entity82 was reduced when @entity35 when treated with @entity21594 and even more with @entity1855 + @entity21594 when they were compared to untreated animals' values. In conclusion, long-term treatment with @entity1855 given in addition to @entity21594 produces additional protection against progressive @entity8 associated to subtotal nephrectomy.

title: Beneficial effect of the long-term treatment with the combination of an @entity1811 inhibitor and a @entity460 channel blocker on XXXX in @entity35 with 5/6 nephrectomy.

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['reduction in glomerular and tubulointerstitial alterations', 'Renal lesions', 'renal injury']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity1855 :: ('MESH:D014700', 'Chemical') :: ['verapamil']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity21594 :: ('MESH:C052035', 'Chemical') :: ['trandolapril', 'Trandolapril']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['renal injury']


abstract: We recently reported that regional lymph node lymphocytes (RLNL) from @entity1 with @entity2 were in a more highly activated state than peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) when the activation-related molecules were studied by FACS analysis. To identify whether or not RLNL had the ability to respond to @entity5 ( @entity5 ), in the present study a mixed lymphocyte @entity5 cell reaction (MLTR) either with or without recombinant @entity1199 (rlL-2) was performed in 41 cases with @entity2 . Significant proliferative responses to @entity5 were found in RLNL from 20 of 41 cases (48.8%) without @entity1199 , and in 23 of 41 cases (56.1%) with @entity1199 . On the other hand, such responses were observed in the PBL from 8 of 30 cases (26.7%) without @entity1199 , and from 11 of 30 cases (36.7%) with @entity1199 . No significant correlation between MLTR and such clinical factors as @entity5 size, metastasis to lymph node, histology and stage of the disease was found. To further analyze the anti- @entity5 response of RLNL, the cytokine production of RLNL was investigated after stimulation by @entity5 . An increase in @entity379 ( @entity379 ) production was observed in RLNL with a positive reaction of MLTR, while no such increase was found in PBL. Finally, to elucidate whether the expression of MHC class II molecules was a key point in MLTR, @entity5 cells in primary lesions were examined for the expression of MHC class II by immunohistochemical staining, and the blocking assay of MLTR was performed with anti-MHC class II monoclonal antibody. Data suggested that there was a positive correlation between MHC class II expression of the @entity5 and MLTR and that MLTR were partially blocked by anti-MHC class II monoclonal antibody. These results demonstrated that RLNL were in a more highly activated state against @entity5 than were PBL, and this finding is considered to be helpful in enhancing our understanding of the role of RLNL in @entity2 @entity1 .

title: Antitumor response of regional lymph node lymphocytes in @entity1 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'AT', 'autologous tumor cells']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['primary lung cancer', 'lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity379 :: ('3458', 'Gene') :: ['IFN-gamma', 'interferon-gamma']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['lung cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The latest studies on surgical and cost-analysis outcomes after laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy (LDP) highlight mixed and insufficient results. Whereas several investigators have compared surgical outcomes of LDP vs. open distal pancreatectomy (ODP) for @entity420 , few similar studies have focused on pancreatic @entity5 (PNETs). METHODS: We reviewed the medical records of @entity6196 @entity1 undergoing distal pancreatectomy between 2004 and 2014. @entity1 were divided into LDP vs. ODP groups. Demographics, relevant comorbidities, oncologic variables, and cost-analysis data were assessed. Survival and Cox proportional hazards analyses were used to evaluate outcomes. RESULTS: Of the 171 distal pancreatectomies for PNETs, 73 were laparoscopic, whereas 98 were open. @entity1 undergoing LDP demonstrated significantly lower rates of @entity260 (P   =   0.028) and had significantly shorter hospital stays (P   =   0.008). On multivariable analysis, positive resection margins (P   =   0.046), G3 grade (P   =   0.036), advanced WHO classification (P   =   0.016), @entity2802 stage (P   =   0.018), and readmission (P   =   0.019) were significantly associated with poor survival; however, method of resection (LDP vs. ODP) was not (P   =   0.254). The median total direct costs of LDP vs. ODP did not differ significantly. CONCLUSIONS: In response to the recent considerable controversy surrounding the costs and surgical outcomes of LDP vs. ODP, our results show that LDP for PNETs is cost-neutral and significantly reduces postoperative morbidity without compromising oncologic outcomes and survival.

title: Distal Pancreatic Resection for XXXX : Is Laparoscopic Really Better than Open?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neuroendocrine tumors']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinomas']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Neuroendocrine Tumors']


abstract: PURPOSE: Infection after arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is reported to be rare but can cause significant morbidity. The purpose of this study was to test the null hypothesis that there is no difference in @entity281 rates between techniques and no difference in outcome of different techniques after treatment of this complication. METHODS: From a consecutive case series of 1,231 @entity1 who underwent ACL reconstructions with 3 different techniques from 1988 through 2006, we report 6 @entity1 who developed @entity86 . Time to presentation, clinical symptoms, @entity1 demographics, and surgical and management details were obtained from @entity1 charts. All 6 @entity1 were re-examined with physical and radiographic evaluation, functional testing, KT-1000 (Medmetric, San Diego, CA), and Lysholm scales. RESULTS: Six @entity1 (0.49%) were identified including 2 infections for each technique with incidence of 0.86%, 0.29%, and 0.64%, respectively. The graft was retained in all 6 @entity1 and treated with debridement and continuous antibiotics. Metallic implant was removed in 5 cases. @entity1 were followed up for an average of 102.5 months. The average modified Lysholm score was 81.1. The average maximum manual KT-1000 value was 2.7 mm. A Kruskal-Wallis test was used for statistical analysis, and no significant differences were noted in incidence, mean Lysholm scores, or KT-1000 difference (P > .05). CONCLUSIONS: Aggressive surgical debridement, hardware removal, and appropriate antibiotic therapy have proven effective in eliminating postsurgical @entity281 along with graft retention and preservation of knee stability after ACL reconstruction performed with 3 different techniques. Although it was a small case series, the incidence and outcome after treatment of @entity281 in our study is similar, supporting the hypothesis that treatment outcomes were similar by using different surgical methods. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: III, retrospective comparative study.

title: Risk and outcome of XXXX after different arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction techniques.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection', 'ACL infection']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative infection']

answer: @entity281 :: (MESH:D007239,Disease) :: ['infection']


abstract: A @entity10849 ( @entity8681 )-iron phosphate (FePO4) nanocomposite is prepared by immobilization of @entity8681 onto the surface of FePO4 nanoparticles via electrostatic interaction. The obtained @entity8681 -FePO4 nanocomposites are spherical with a size centered in ca. 100nm. They provide a novel adsorbent for the solid-phase extraction of DNA from complex sample matrices. At pH 4, 50 gmL(-1) of DNA (salmon sperm DNA @entity1372 salt) in 1.0mL aqueous solution are quantitatively adsorbed (100%) by 2mg of the @entity8681 -FePO4 nanocomposites, and meanwhile the coexisting albumin at a same concentration level is not retained, demonstrating the favorable selectivity of the nanocomposites to DNA against proteins. The adsorption behaviors of DNA onto the @entity8681 -FePO4 nanocomposites fit Langmuir model, corresponding to an adsorption capacity of 61.88mgg(-1). The adsorbed DNA could be readily recovered by using a 0.04molL(-1) Britton-Robinson (BR) buffer at pH 10, resulting in a recovery of 85%. The nanocomposites have been further used for the isolation of DNA from a series of real sample matrices, including synthetic   -DNA sample, @entity1 whole blood and @entity526 cell lysate. The extraction efficiency and the purity of the recovered DNA are at least comparable to those achieved by using the reported sorbent materials or commercial kits. In addition, the DNAs isolated from @entity1 whole blood and @entity526 cell lysate are of high quality, which have been further demonstrated by using them as templates for successful PCR amplifications.

title: XXXX -iron phosphate nanocomposite as a promising adsorbent for the isolation of DNA.

entities_list: @entity10849 :: ('MESH:D011094|MESH:C505405', 'Chemical') :: ['polyethyleneimine']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli', 'E. coli']

answer: @entity10849 :: (MESH:D011094|MESH:C505405,Chemical) :: ['Polyethyleneimine']


abstract: Adverse environment in early life can modulate the adult phenotype, including blood pressure. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure in utero results in increased blood pressure in the offspring, but the exact mechanisms are not clear. Studies have shown that the renal @entity935 D1 receptor (D1R) plays an important role in maintaining @entity1372 homeostasis and normal blood pressure; dysfunction of D1R is associated with oxidative stress and @entity101 . In this study, we determined if dysfunction of the renal D1R is involved in fetal-programmed @entity101 , and if oxidative stress contributes to this process. Pregnant Sprague-Dawley (SD) @entity35 were intraperitoneally injected with LPS (0.79mg/kg) or saline at gestation days 8, 10, and 12. As compared with saline-injected (control) dams, offspring of LPS-treated dams had increased blood pressure, decreased renal @entity1372 excretion, and increased markers of oxidative stress. In addition, offspring of LPS-treated dams had decreased renal D1R expression, increased D1R phosphorylation, and @entity21016 ( @entity21016 ) and type 4 ( @entity65197 ) protein expression, and impaired D1R-mediated natriuresis and diuresis. All of the findings in the offspring of LPS-treated dams were normalized after treatment with @entity11933 , an @entity26 free radical scavenger. In conclusion, prenatal LPS exposure, via an increase in oxidative stress, impairs renal D1R function and leads to @entity101 in the offspring. Normalization of renal D1R function by amelioration of oxidative stress may be a therapeutic target of fetal programming of @entity101 .

title: Prenatal lipopolysaccharide exposure results in dysfunction of the renal XXXX D1 receptor in offspring.

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity21016 :: ('25238(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['G protein-coupled receptor kinase type 2', 'GRK2']

answer: @entity935 :: (MESH:D004298,Chemical) :: ['dopamine']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Oral rehydration solution remains the mainstay of @entity697 therapy. The aim of this study was to investigate the acceptability of a new @entity219 -containing @entity2421 super-oral rehydration solution (ORS) in a gel formulation and its efficacy in reducing the duration and severity of @entity294 in @entity1 . METHODS: This was a randomized-controlled trial of @entity1 (5-36 months of age) observed for @entity294 lasting less than 24   h. @entity1 were randomized to @entity2421 ORS (group 1) or a gel @entity2421 super-ORS containing @entity219 (group 2). The main study outcome was ORS intake in the first 24   h. ORS intake at 4   h, rate of @entity294 resolution at 72   h of treatment, total duration and severity of @entity294 , hospitalization, and adverse effects were also evaluated. RESULTS: Eighty-three @entity1 were enrolled (group 1: 40; group 2: 43). The amount of ORS consumed at 24   h was significantly higher in group 2 than in group 1. A similar result was observed at 4   h. The number of @entity1 who refused ORS (<10   ml/kg/day) was lower in group 2 versus group 1 (P=0.001). The number of @entity1 presenting @entity294 after 72   h of treatment was lower in group 2 versus group 1 (P=0.028). Also, the mean duration of @entity294 was shorter in group 2 than in group 1 (P=0.001). The @entity2421 super-ORS containing @entity219 in a gel formulation had a positive effect on the severity of @entity294 . No @entity1 required hospitalization. No adverse events were observed in either of the two study groups. CONCLUSION: The new @entity219 -containing @entity2421 super-ORS in a gel formulation is effective in the management of childhood @entity697 .

title: Acceptability and efficacy of a gel XXXX oral rehydration solution in @entity1 with @entity697 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute gastroenteritis']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity2421 :: ('MESH:D009123', 'Disease') :: ['hypotonic', 'receive standard hypotonic']

answer: @entity2421 :: (MESH:D009123,Disease) :: ['hypotonic']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Several studies were conducted to explore the prognostic significance of platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in @entity157 ( @entity157 ), however, contradictory results across most reports were documented. To this end, we present a systematic review that aims to summarize the prognostic significance of PLR in @entity1 with @entity157 . RESULTS: A total of 10 studies involving a total of 2,315 @entity1 were identified. The Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale (NOS) of each included study was greater than or equal to 5. The results indicated that high PLR was significantly associated with a worse @entity1349 when compared to the low PLR (HR = 1.60, 95% CI = 1.23-2.08, p = 0.0005; I2 = 88%, p < 0.00001). Similar results were detected in the subgroup analysis of the analysis model, cut-off value, ethnicity, sample size and therapy. However, no obvious correlation between the PLR and DFS/ @entity1349 in @entity1 with @entity157 was observed (HR = 1.21, 95% CI = 0.87-1.67, p = 0.26; I2 = 61%, p = 0.07). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A complete literature search in the PubMed, Cochrane Library and Embase database was performed. Retrospective and prospective studies focusing on the role of PLR on the prognosis in @entity157 were all deemed as "suitable" for our scope. The endpoints determined were: the @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ), disease-free survival (DFS), @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) and the progress free survival (PFS). CONCLUSIONS: The study revealed that high PLR is an unfavorable predictor of @entity1349 in @entity1 with @entity157 , and high PLR is a promising prognostic biomarker for @entity157 , especially for @entity1 in Asia.

title: Prognostic role of platelet to lymphocyte ratio in XXXX : a systematic review and meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'hepatocellular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'RFS', 'recurrence-free survival', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']


abstract: AIM: We aimed to retrospectively evaluate histopathological, demographic and clinical findings of @entity1 with @entity5310 diagnosed with @entity5310 in our clinic. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The files of 21 @entity1 diagnosed with @entity5310 between 2000 and 2014 in our clinic were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: All @entity1 had cutaneous @entity5310 , 19 @entity1 had @entity17586 and 2 @entity1 had @entity9600 . The male-female ratio was: 1/1.6. The median age for onset of disease was 12.1 months and the disease occured in the newborn period in 3 @entity1 . While all @entity1 had @entity203 , 10 @entity1 had @entity111 , 1 @entity1 had a bullous formation, 1 @entity1 had @entity490 and 1 @entity1 had attacks of redness throughout the body and a sense of burning in the chest. Two @entity1 had a positive familial history. The diagnosis was confirmed with skin biopsy in all @entity1 . The median follow up time of the @entity1 were 5 years. The @entity1 were treated with H1, H2 antihistaminics, local moisturizing creams and topical corticosteroid drugs. The lesions resolved completely in 4 @entity1 who reached to puberty and 7 @entity1 had marked improvement in a 5.5 year-follow-up period. Ten @entity1 had stabile lesions in a 3.6 year-follow-up period. CONCLUSIONS: Most cases of childhood @entity5310 are observed in the form of cutaneous @entity5310 . The prognosis is good; the disease limits itself and is prone to regress in the adolescent period.

title: Childhood XXXX : results of a single center.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity9600 :: ('MESH:D034801', 'Disease') :: ['mastocytoma']

entities_list: @entity5310 :: ('MESH:D008415', 'Disease') :: ['mastocytosis']

entities_list: @entity203 :: ('MESH:D003875', 'Disease') :: ['eruption']

entities_list: @entity111 :: ('MESH:D011537', 'Disease') :: ['pruritis']

entities_list: @entity17586 :: ('MESH:D014582', 'Disease') :: ['urticaria pigmentosa']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

answer: @entity5310 :: (MESH:D008415,Disease) :: ['mastocytosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between serum P levels on the day of @entity1465 administration and the outcome of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). DESIGN: Retrospective case study. SETTING: Assisted reproduction unit of a tertiary care private hospital. @entity1 (S): Nine hundred eleven ICSI cycles that proceeded to ET were studied. INTERVENTION(S): The decision to administer @entity1465 was based on serum E2 levels and follicle size. Serum P was measured from frozen sera obtained on the day of @entity1465 administration. Cycles were stratified according to serum P levels of <0.9 ng/mL (n = 298) or > or =0.9 ng/mL (n = 613). This cutoff level was selected because it yielded the highest sensitivity and specificity according to a receiver operator characteristic curve. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Implantation and clinical pregnancy rates. RESULT(S): In cycles with high serum P levels, more oocytes were retrieved and more embryos were available for transfer. Clinical pregnancy rates per ET in the low and high P groups were 36.9% and 45.4%, respectively (P<.05). The implantation rate per embryo was similar in the two groups (14.9% and 16.4%, respectively, in cycles with P levels <0.9 vs > or =0.9 ng/mL). Abortion rates were 22.7 and 25.8%, respectively (P>.05). CONCLUSION(S): Our data showed no adverse effect of high serum P levels on the day of @entity1465 administration on implantation rates after ICSI and ET.

title: Elevated serum progesterone level on the day of XXXX chorionic gonadotropin administration does not adversely affect implantation rates after intracytoplasmic sperm injection and embryo transfer.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: The leaves of Hancornia speciosa Gomes are traditionally used to treat @entity6 in Brazil. AIM OF THE STUDY: To evaluate the potential anti- @entity6 effect of H. speciosa extract and derived fractions. METHODS: The ethanolic extract from H. speciosa leaves and chromatographic fractions thereof were evaluated on a-glucosidase assay, on @entity1602 effect and @entity413 uptake. The chemical composition of the extract and its most active fraction was investigated by ESI-LC-MS. RESULTS: The ethanolic extract and derived fractions inhibited a-glucosidase in vitro. However, only the crude extract and the @entity1044 fraction inhibited the @entity1602 effect induced by starch or @entity413 . Both the extract and @entity1044 fraction were also able to increase @entity413 uptake in adipocytes. @entity65006 , @entity17131 , and chorogenic acid were identified in the extract, along with flavonoid glycosides, whereas the @entity1044 fraction is majorly composed by @entity14743 of @entity40420 and/or a/b-amirin. CONCLUSION: H. speciosa has a potential anti- @entity6 effect through a mechanism dependent on inhibition of a-glucosidase and increase on @entity413 uptake. These results give support to the use on traditional medicine of this medicinal plant.

title: Hancornia speciosa Gomes (Apocynaceae) as a potential anti- XXXX drug.

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity1044 :: ('MESH:D008752', 'Chemical') :: ['dichloromethane']

entities_list: @entity17131 :: ('MESH:D011801', 'Chemical') :: ['quinic acid']

entities_list: @entity65006 :: ('CHEBI:18427', 'Chemical') :: ['Bornesitol']

entities_list: @entity1602 :: ('MESH:D006944', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemic']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetic']


abstract: @entity1947 nano-particles ( @entity1948 NPs), with their unique physico-chemical properties conferred by various size formulations, are extensively used in consumer products. The enormous usage coupled with their release to the environment demands risk assessment of @entity1948 NPs on health and the environment. @entity137 of @entity1948 NPs is well understood in comparison to the bulk @entity1948 . However, @entity137 in relation to the NP size is poorly understood. In this context, we examined the adverse effects of different sizes (35   nm, 50   nm and 100   nm) of @entity1948 NPs in soil @entity2199 @entity2199 along with bulk @entity1948 and @entity21482 . Here, we show that growth, reproduction and behavior of worms were adversely affected by @entity1948 NPs in a size dependent manner. Further, exposure to @entity1948 NPs caused modulation of expression/function of genes associated with Insulin/IGF-like signaling pathway and/or stress response pathway in a size dependent manner in exposed worms. The expression of pro-apoptotic gene and suppression of anti-apoptotic genes, together with increased numbers of cell corpses in the germ line, indicated that apoptosis was also dependent on the size of the @entity1948 NP. Taken together, our study provides evidence that exposure to @entity1948 NPs disrupts various physiological processes and causes apoptosis in the germ-line even at very low concentration in a size dependent manner. Our finding suggests the inclusion of size as an additional measure for the cautious monitoring of @entity1948 NP disposal into the environment.

title: Size dependent @entity137 of XXXX nano-particles in soil @entity2199 @entity2199 .

entities_list: @entity2199 :: ('6239', 'Species') :: ['nematode', 'C. elegans']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'Toxicity']

entities_list: @entity1947 :: ('MESH:D015034', 'Chemical') :: ['Zinc oxide']

answer: @entity1947 :: (MESH:D015034,Chemical) :: ['zinc oxide']