abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe rates and pathogen distribution of device-associated @entity281 (DAIs) in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) @entity1 and compare differences in infection rates by hospital type ( @entity1 's vs general hospitals). @entity1 AND SETTING: Neonates in NICUs participating in the National Healthcare Safety Network from 2006 through 2008. METHODS: We analyzed central line-associated bloodstream @entity281 (CLABSIs), umbilical catheter-associated bloodstream @entity281 (UCABs), and @entity2489 ( @entity2489 ) among 304 NICUs. Differences in pooled mean incidence rates were examined using Poisson regression; nonparametric tests for comparing medians and rate distributions were used. RESULTS: Pooled mean incidence rates by birth weight category (750 g or less, 751-1,000 g, 1,001-1,500 g, 1,501-2,500 g, and more than 2,500 g, respectively) were 3.94, 3.09, 2.25, 1.90, and 1.60 for CLABSI; 4.52, 2.77, 1.70, 0.91, and 0.92 for UCAB; and 2.36, 2.08, 1.28, 0.86, and 0.72 for @entity2489 . When rates of infection between hospital types were compared, only pooled mean @entity2489 rates were significantly lower in @entity1 's hospitals than in general hospitals among neonates weighing 1,000 g or less; no significant differences in medians or rate distributions were noted. Pathogen frequencies were coagulase-negative staphylococci (28%), @entity794 (19%), and Candida species (13%) for bloodstream @entity281 and Pseudomonas species (16%), @entity794 (15%), and @entity4005 species (14%) for @entity2489 . Of 673 @entity794 isolates with susceptibility results, 33% were methicillin resistant. CONCLUSIONS: Neonates weighing 750 g or less had the highest DAI incidence. With the exception of @entity2489 , pooled mean NICU incidence rates did not differ between @entity1 's and general hospitals. Pathogens associated with these @entity281 can pose treatment challenges; continued efforts at prevention need to be applied to all NICU settings.

title: Device-associated XXXX among neonatal intensive care unit @entity1 : incidence and associated pathogens reported to the National Healthcare Safety Network, 2006-2008.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus', 'S. aureus']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity2489 :: ('MESH:D053717', 'Disease') :: ['ventilator-associated pneumonia', 'VAP']

entities_list: @entity4005 :: ('MESH:D007710', 'Disease') :: ['Klebsiella']

answer: @entity281 :: (MESH:D007239,Disease) :: ['infections']


abstract: Five hundred nineteen @entity1 with @entity263 were seen in the Radiation Oncology Division of the State University of New York (SUNY) Health Science Center, Syracuse, New York, between 1969 and 1981. The results for the 239 @entity1 treated with radical intent are reported here. All @entity1 received 60 to 70 Gy to the prostate with megavoltage beam irradiation; 142 with a small field (10 X 10 cm) 360 degrees rotational technique for Stage A, B, or C disease and 69 with a four-field pelvic brick technique (followed by a boost to the prostate) for Stage A through C and D1 disease. Twenty-eight @entity1 were treated postoperatively for @entity66 after radical prostatectomy or for recurrent @entity5 . The minimum follow-up time was 5 years. Actuarial 5-year and 7-year survival rates for Stage A (n = 34), B (n = 100), C (n = 63), and D1 (n = 14) were 91% and 76%, 86% and 75%, 67% and 40%, and 46% and 36%, respectively. The corresponding 5-year and 7-year relapse-free survival rates were 72% and 65%, 77% and 60%, 46% and 28%, and 38% and 25%. The @entity5 control rates at 5 years were 91%, 85%, 77%, and 62% for Stage A, B, C, and D1, respectively. In our experience, there was no significant difference in relapse-free survival rates for @entity1 who underwent transurethral resection (TURP) versus those who did not (67% versus 78% for Stage B [P greater than 0.25] and 38% versus 47% for Stage C [P greater than 0.25], respectively). Also there was no significant difference in relapse-free survival rates between large and small field techniques (64% versus 77% for Stage B [P greater than 0.25] and 56% versus 41% for Stage C [P greater than 0.25], respectively). The 5-year and 7-year actuarial survival rates were 90% and 71%, respectively, for the 15 @entity1 with @entity41 and 58% and 33%, respectively, for the 13 @entity1 treated for postprostatectomy recurrence. Severe complications were documented in only nine @entity1 (3.7%) and mild to moderate complications in 53 @entity1 (22%). Larger fields did not cause a higher rate of complications, although small fields were tolerated better than large fields; the significant acute reaction rate was 27% for large field techniques versus 11% for small field techniques (P greater than 0.01). These results confirm that external beam irradiation is an effective treatment for @entity263 .

title: External beam radiotherapy for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['residual disease']

entities_list: @entity41 :: ('MESH:D018365', 'Disease') :: ['residual tumor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'local tumor']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['carcinoma of the prostate']


abstract: Because @entity1092 ( @entity2052 ) is highly bound to plasma protein, several variables affecting binding will significantly alter the quantity of free drug which is pharmacologically active. Therefore, total @entity2052 plasma concentrations do not reflect the therapeutic strength of the drug in tissue. We have performed equilibrium dialysis and ultrafiltration studies of @entity2052 binding to plasma protein. The converging data in these in vitro studies indicate a clinically significant alteration in the percent of free @entity2052 when total drug concentration exceeds 80 micrograms/ml. Saturation of drug binding sites probably occurs in this range. At 20--60 micrograms/ml @entity2052 there is 5% free drug, with a significant increase to 8% free at 80 micrograms/ml; free drug increases to over 20% at 145 micrograms/ml total @entity2052 . @entity1 plasma, which is low in albumin, has twice the quantity of free @entity2052 as normal plasma (10 versus 5% free). The clinical evidence of interaction between @entity2052 and @entity3174 is confirmed in vitro by the increase in the free fraction of both drugs. @entity2052 binding decreases by 3--6%, while @entity3174 binding decreases 5--6% as both drugs reach high plasma concentrations. When appropriate, laboratory reports should be available defining concentration of free drug in plasma for optimal interpretation of drug concetrations relative to clinical effects.

title: @entity1092 : in vitro plasma protein binding and interaction with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1092 :: ('MESH:D014635', 'Chemical') :: ['valproic acid']

entities_list: @entity3174 :: ('MESH:D010672', 'Chemical') :: ['phenytoin']

answer: @entity3174 :: (MESH:D010672,Chemical) :: ['phenytoin']


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate the changes in endothelial cell count, @entity2840 ( @entity2840 ), and @entity2516 after a session of selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) for @entity1538 ( @entity1538 ). METHODS: This prospective cohort study recruited 111 eyes of 66 consecutive subjects with @entity1538 . Subjects received SLT to 360   of the trabecular meshwork. Endothelial cell count, @entity2840 , and spherical equivalent were measured at baseline before SLT as well as at 1 week and 1 month post SLT. A repeated measure nested ANOVA with Tukey's multiple comparison test was performed to compare the outcome measures before and after SLT. RESULTS: In 111 eyes of 66 subjects, the mean number of laser applications per treatment was 166.9    41.4 with a mean energy level of 1.0    0.07   mJ. The mean endothelial cell count decreased significantly from 2465.0    334.0   cells/mm(2) at baseline to 2355.0    387.0   cells/mm(2) at 1 week (P=0.0004) but increased to baseline levels at 1 month post SLT (2424.0    379.4   cells/mm(2), P=0.3). The @entity2840 , which decreased from a baseline of 549.4    37.6 to 543.9    40.2    m at 1 week post SLT (P=0.02), also returned to the baseline level by 1 month (P=0.2). The spherical equivalent was static from baseline. A positive correlation was found between total laser energy and @entity2840 at 1 month post treatment (r=0.3, P=0.005). CONCLUSION: The transient reductions in endothelial cell count and @entity2840 following SLT returned to baseline levels 1 month after the procedure. @entity1 undergoing SLT should be aware of the risk of potential corneal changes.

title: Corneal changes after a single session of selective laser trabeculoplasty for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients']

entities_list: @entity2840 :: ('MESH:C563262', 'Disease') :: ['CCT', 'central corneal thickness']

entities_list: @entity1538 :: ('MESH:D005902', 'Disease') :: ['OAG', 'open angle glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity2516 :: ('MESH:D012030', 'Disease') :: ['refractive error']

answer: @entity1538 :: (MESH:D005902,Disease) :: ['open-angle glaucoma']


abstract: Eighty-nine @entity1 with @entity263 despite suppression of @entity251 and withdrawal of anti- @entity3800 were studied. This was a relatively advanced population, with 63 of 89 having either osseous metastases (mets) beyond the axial skeleton or visceral mets. @entity1 were randomly assigned to receive either @entity3102 alone, or @entity3102 with weekly @entity632 . All @entity1 received replacement @entity701 . The primary endpoints were response and survival. Based on PSA reduction criteria (>/= 80% maintained for at least 8 weeks), 14 of 45 @entity1 (31%) in the single-agent @entity3102 arm responded. Sixteen of 44 @entity1 (36%) in the combination @entity3102 / @entity632 arm responded. There were no important differences between the two treatments in any outcome measure. The median overall survival for all @entity1 was 12.5 months; median time to progression was 3.3 months. @entity137 was significant with both regimens, and more severe in the @entity632 arm. Fully 20% of @entity1 in each arm discontinued therapy due to intolerable side effects.Each of these regimens is toxic, and produced responses in fewer than half of treated @entity1 . Although the observed median survival does compare favorably with reports from similar cohorts treated in the community, the potential benefit is only modest. In our view, neither of these regimens is sufficiently promising to justify phase 3 evaluation.

title: Randomized phase 2 trial of @entity3102 and @entity3102 / @entity632 in androgen independent XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['Toxicity']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['progressive prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity3102 :: ('MESH:D007654', 'Chemical') :: ['ketoconazole']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrocortisone']

entities_list: @entity3800 :: ('MESH:D000728', 'Chemical') :: ['androgens']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate cancer']


abstract: This study was conducted to compare the effects of exchanged diets with identical energy level on characteristics of slow-growing (WENs Yellow-Feathered @entity1573 , WYFC) and fast-growing (White Recessive Rock @entity1573 , WRRC) female @entity1573 . A total of 1450 WYFC and 1150 WRRC 1-day-old female hatchlings were used. A @entity2101 ( @entity2101 ) diet and a low-nutrient-density (LND) diet were formulated for three phases. A completely randomized experimental design with a 2   2 factorial arrangement (diet and breed), each with five replicates of 145 and 115 birds, was applied. The results showed that WRRC had a higher body weight (BW), average daily feed intake and average daily gain than WYFC throughout the experiment (p<.05). WYFC that were provided with @entity2101 groups had a higher BW only in the starter and grower phases, whereas WRRC had a higher BW in the @entity2101 group than in LND groups throughout the experiment. The feed:gain ratio and protein efficiency ratio (PER) were better for WRRC in the starter and grower phases; however, these ratios were better for WYFC in the finisher period. The LND groups had a higher PER throughout the experiment for both breeds (p<0.05). The breast and leg muscle weights were higher for WRRC compared with WYFC during the grower and finisher phases (p<0.05). WRRC had a lower liver index but higher serum UA and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) concentrations than WYFC (p<0.05). No diet effect was observed on organ indices, muscle yields or blood responses. The gene expressions of @entity43699 , TOR, S6K1 and 4E-BP1 in gastrocnemius muscle were the highest in the WYFC-LND groups at 63 and 105 days (p<0.05). These findings suggested that different genotypes respond differently to changes in dietary nutrient density and that lower-nutrient-density diets are optimal for the long-term housing of broiler @entity1573 .

title: Effects of breed and dietary nutrient density on the growth performance, blood metabolite, and genes expression of target of rapamycin (TOR) signalling pathway of female broiler XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1573 :: ('9031', 'Species') :: ['chickens', 'Chicken']

entities_list: @entity2101 :: ('MESH:C538394', 'Disease') :: ['HND', 'high-nutrient-density']

answer: @entity1573 :: (9031,Species) :: ['chickens']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity735 movement @entity146 (RBD) may present as an early manifestation of an evolving @entity179 with @entity2314 . OBJECTIVE: We investigated that @entity303 with RBD might show distinctive cortical @entity3202 patterns. METHODS: A total of 31 @entity1 with @entity191 ( @entity191 ), 23 with clinically probable @entity195 ( @entity195 ), and 36 healthy controls participated in this study. @entity1 with @entity195 and @entity191 were divided into two groups according to results of polysomnography and rated with a validated Korean version of the RBD screening questionnaire (RBDSQ-K), which covers the clinical features of RBD. Voxel-based morphometry was adapted for detection of regional @entity1010 among groups of subjects. RESULTS: Scores on RBDSQ-K were higher in the @entity191 group (3.54    2.8) than in any other group ( @entity195 , 2.94    2.4; healthy controls, 2.31    1.9). Atrophic changes according to RBDSQ-K scores were characteristically in the posterior part of the brain and brain stem, including the hypothalamus and posterior temporal region including the hippocampus and bilateral occipital lobe. @entity195 @entity1 with RBD showed more specialized @entity3202 patterns distributed in the posterior and inferior parts of the brain including the bilateral temporal and occipital cortices compared to groups without RBD. The @entity191 group with RBD showed right temporal cortical @entity3202 changes. CONCLUSION: The group of @entity1 with @entity179 and RBD showed distinctive @entity1010 patterns, especially in the posterior and inferior cortices. These results suggest that @entity1 diagnosed with clinically probable @entity195 or @entity191 might have mixed pathologies including a-synucleinopathy.

title: @entity1010 of Secondary REM-Sleep Behavior Disorder in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['sleep behavior disorder']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["idiopathic Parkinson's disease", 'IPD']

entities_list: @entity735 :: ('MESH:D005124', 'Disease') :: ['Rapid eye']

entities_list: @entity1010 :: ('MESH:C566985', 'Disease') :: ['brain atrophy']

entities_list: @entity2314 :: ('MESH:D000795', 'Disease') :: ['alpha-synucleinopathy']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['neurodegenerative disorder', 'neurodegenerative diseases']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['AD', "Alzheimer's disease"]

answer: @entity179 :: (MESH:D019636,Disease) :: ['Neurodegenerative Disease']


abstract: PURPOSE: This phase II study assessed the efficacy and @entity137 profile of a modified weekly @entity2600 and @entity900 for chemotherapy-na  ve @entity1 with metastatic/recurrent @entity1721 ( @entity957 ). METHODS: The eligibility criteria included histologically confirmed esophageal @entity957 , no prior chemotherapy, adequate organ functions and written informed consent. @entity1 received @entity2600 65 mg/m(2) plus @entity900 30 mg/m(2) on days 1 and 8, every 3 weeks. RESULTS: Thirty-two @entity1 were assessed for response and @entity137 . Ten @entity1 achieved a partial response (31.3%; 95% CI, 16.0-50.0%). With a median follow-up of 19.0 months, median progression-free and overall survival was 4.4 and 9.6 months, respectively, with a 1-year survival rate of 27.4%. Grade (G) 3/4 @entity1398 was observed in 50.0% of the @entity1 , which was the most common cause of dose reduction or therapy delay. G3 non-hematologic @entity137 included seven (21.9%) asthenias, four (12.5%) diarrheas, and one (3.1%) @entity390 / @entity391 , but no G4 non-hematologic @entity137 was observed. CONCLUSIONS: This modified weekly @entity2600 and @entity900 failed to ameliorate hematologic @entity137 and to improve efficacy. However, easy administration and favorable non-hematologic @entity137 as well as modest anti- @entity5 activity against metastatic or recurrent esophageal @entity957 can make this regimen a potential treatment option, given the complexity of administration and @entity137 of conventional infusional @entity1487 and @entity900 .

title: A phase II trial of modified weekly @entity2600 and XXXX for chemotherapy-na  ve @entity1 with metastatic or recurrent @entity957 of the esophagus.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity2600 :: ('MESH:C051890', 'Chemical') :: ['irinotecan']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity1721 :: ('MESH:C562729', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

answer: @entity900 :: (MESH:D002945,Chemical) :: ['cisplatin']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of transcutaneous perianal ultrasonography in evaluation of @entity292 in ano and to assess its possible role as a first-line investigation, for follow-up, and as a possible substitute for magnetic resonance imaging. METHODS: Transcutaneous perianal ultrasonography was performed in 30 @entity1 with @entity292 in ano with the use of a 3- to 6-MHz sector probe, a 7- to 11-MHz linear probe, and a 5- to 7-MHz endocavitary probe. @entity1 were followed clinically and at surgery to assess the accuracy of transcutaneous perianal ultrasonography. RESULTS: A total of 43 @entity292 , sinus tracts, or both were found in 26 @entity1 . They appeared as hypoechoic tracts. Eleven of 30 @entity1 had the presence of a collection or abscess, which appeared as hypoechoic areas. Twenty-four of 29 @entity1 with positive findings underwent surgery. In these, 35 of 39 tracts were surgically confirmed (positive predictive value, 90%). The positive predictive value for demonstration of an internal opening was 85% (22/26) when compared with direct visualization or probing. Sensitivity for detection of tracts was 100%, and that for demonstration of an internal opening was 96% (26/27). The negative predictive value for sinus/fistulous tracts was nearly 100%. Transcutaneous perianal ultrasonography could not adequately evaluate @entity292 . However, it is a good, inexpensive modality in the evaluation of @entity1 with @entity292 in ano and also helps in follow-up of these @entity1 . It can also be used to select @entity1 who need magnetic resonance imaging. CONCLUSIONS: Transcutaneous perianal ultrasonography has the potential to become the first investigation in @entity1 with perianal @entity292 and abscesses.

title: Role of transcutaneous perianal ultrasonography in evaluation of XXXX in ano.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity292 :: ('MESH:D005402', 'Disease') :: ['fistulas', 'suprasphincteric-type fistulas']

answer: @entity292 :: (MESH:D005402,Disease) :: ['fistulas']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the feasibility of endovascular treatment (EVT) for early @entity439 (EBAs) of the middle cerebral artery. METHODS: Two hundred eleven middle cerebral @entity438 (MCAAs) that received EVT between January 2012 and December 2014 were reviewed. The EBAs were identified according to their special patterns on cerebral angiography. The angiographic features, clinical outcomes, and angiographic results were investigated. RESULTS: Forty-eight EBAs (22.7%) in 47 @entity1 were identified among the MCAAs. The treatments were successful in all EBAs, including coiling in 23 @entity439 , balloon-assisted coiling in 4, and stent-assisted coiling in 21. Immediate angiograms showed complete occlusion in 15 @entity439 , residual neck in 18, and residual @entity439 in 15. A procedure-related complication occurred in one @entity1 (2.1%) who experienced rebleeding during treatment, and no neurological function was insulted. Thirty-nine @entity1 underwent angiographic follow-up (mean, 8.2 months), which showed 36 @entity439 were not aggravated, 3 had minor recanalization, and none showed major recanalization. The clinical follow-up (mean, 22.8 months) of all @entity1 demonstrated no @entity16 or rebleeding; however, one @entity1 died of unexplained @entity1779 . CONCLUSIONS: The preliminary experience demonstrates that EVT for EBAs is feasible and safe. Direct comparison of clipping and coiling is warranted.

title: Endovascular treatment of 48 early XXXX of the middle cerebral artery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurologic deterioration']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms', 'branch aneurysms', 'aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['artery aneurysms']

answer: @entity439 :: (MESH:D000783,Disease) :: ['branch aneurysms']


abstract: The large difference between the incidence of @entity263 and mortality from this disease suggests that a large number of @entity1 do not require treatment. As a result of the epidemiologic trends observed, a growing number of urologists recognize that many @entity1 with newly diagnosed @entity66 can be treated conservatively for many years without adverse consequences. We recently published a twenty-year update of the large cohort of @entity1 diagnosed with clinically @entity263 in Connecticut. From this study we have learned that @entity1 with high-grade disease, specifically Gleason score 7-10 @entity263 , have a significant risk of dying from their disease if left untreated. @entity1 with low-grade disease ( @entity5 ) have a remarkably indolent course over a period of twenty years. Fewer than 20% of these @entity1 died from clinically @entity263 when managed conservatively. Based on our analysis of over 1,800 @entity1 diagnosed with @entity263 in Connecticut between 1990 and 1992, we found that during the past two decades there has been a significant shift in the use of the Gleason scoring system. Gleason score 2-5 @entity5 ten years ago are much more likely to be scored as Gleason 6 @entity5 in contemporary practice. @entity1 with high-grade @entity263 (Gleason scores 7-10) face a significant risk of disease progression and @entity204 if managed expectantly. @entity1 with low grade @entity263 (Gleason scores 6 or less) face a much more ambiguous outcome. Some researchers suggest tracking PSA doubling times as a way of separating those @entity1 with indolent disease from those who are likely to experience progression.

title: PSA and the conservative treatment of early XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Men', 'men']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['localized prostate cancer', 'prostate cancers', 'prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['localized disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Gleason score 2-6 tumors', 'tumors']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate cancer']


abstract: 1. Samples of rumen digesta were taken at different times after giving @entity291 various dried forage or hay and cereal diets and mixed bacteria were separated. 2. For @entity291 receiving dried forage only, the @entity1735 content of mixed bacteria varied with time after feeding, reaching a maximum of approximately 140 g/kg @entity62 ( @entity62 ) after 0-5-1h, decreasing to about 60 g/kg @entity62 after 4 h. 3. Replacement of part of the dried forage with @entity413 to give a similar metabolizable energy intake but approximately half as much @entity1568 , produced a similar pattern of change with time after feeding but resulted in a markedly increased maximum bacterial @entity1735 content (approximately 230 g/kg @entity62 ). Addition of @entity1133 to this diet reduced the bacterial accumulation of @entity1735 to approximately the same level as was found in samples from @entity291 receiving forage only diets. For the forage diets the @entity1735 content fell to 60-100 g/kg @entity62 4 h after feeding. For the hay and cereal diet the value was 170 g/kg @entity62 at this time. 4. Changes in bacterial @entity1735 content were largely a result of changes in storage polysaccharide (alpha-dextran) content. 5. Crude protein (N X 6-25) and ash contents of mixed bacteria decreased after feeding with all-forage diets, but returned to approximately fasting levels within 4 h. At this time samples from @entity291 receiving dried forage and @entity413 diets contained less @entity2723 and more ash (approximately 450 and 220 g/kg @entity62 respectively) than those from @entity291 given diets of dried forage only (approximately 525 and 180 g/kg @entity62 respectively). 6. @entity2723 , total @entity1735 and ash content of mixed rumen bacteria contributed approximately 0-80 g/g @entity62 . 7. @entity1372 , @entity972 , @entity460 , @entity1760 and @entity1391 accounted for approximately 0-50 g/g bacterial ash.

title: Some effects of variation in XXXX and @entity1568 intakes on the chemical composition of mixed rumen bacteria from young steers.

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity1391 :: ('CHEBI:26020', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphate']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['DM', 'dry matter']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity1760 :: ('MESH:D008274', 'Chemical') :: ['magnesium']

answer: @entity1735 :: (CHEBI:16646,Chemical) :: ['carbohydrate']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity829 ( @entity829 ) is an inherited @entity8649 characterized by fevers, @entity1910 , @entity4841 , @entity2024 , and @entity1274 . In @entity829 , @entity5704 gene mutations are associated with excessive interleukin-1 release. The aims of this study were to determine the otologic characteristics of @entity829 , define trajectories of @entity393 , and explore the association with distinct @entity5704 genotypes. METHODS: A prospective observational cohort study of @entity1 and adults diagnosed as having @entity829 was conducted at a single center. @entity5704 gene mutations were determined. @entity1 underwent standardized clinical, laboratory, and otologic assessments, including pure tone audiometry, vestibular organ testing, and @entity392 evaluation. Trajectories of @entity393 were defined for each genotype. The genotype-specific risk of progression of @entity393 was determined. RESULTS: A total of 33 @entity1 ages 3-75 years who were members of 5 families with 4 different @entity5704 gene mutations were included. The majority of @entity1 (67%) experienced bilateral @entity1274 . Even in cases of profound @entity393 vestibular reactivity remained normal. Fourteen adult @entity1 reported nondebilitating @entity392 . Overall, @entity393 progressed with age. @entity1 with the @entity40696 mutation were at highest risk of rapid progression of @entity1274 . CONCLUSION: @entity1 with @entity829 are at risk of developing progressive @entity1274 without vestibular involvement. @entity393 starts at high frequencies and can subsequently progress to profound @entity393 . Progression is age dependent. @entity1 with different @entity5704 mutations had distinctly different trajectories of @entity393 , suggesting a mutation-specific risk that should be considered when making treatment decisions.

title: XXXX in @entity829 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1274 :: ('MESH:D006319', 'Disease') :: ['sensorineural hearing loss']

entities_list: @entity392 :: ('MESH:D014012', 'Disease') :: ['tinnitus']

entities_list: @entity2024 :: ('MESH:D003231', 'Disease') :: ['conjunctivitis']

entities_list: @entity4841 :: ('MESH:D018771', 'Disease') :: ['arthralgia']

entities_list: @entity8649 :: ('MESH:D056660', 'Disease') :: ['autoinflammatory disease']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing loss', 'Hearing impairment', 'hearing impairment']

entities_list: @entity829 :: ('MESH:D056587', 'Disease') :: ['MWS', 'Muckle-Wells syndrome']

answer: @entity393 :: (MESH:D034381,Disease) :: ['Hearing loss']


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate agreement between the predicted @entity92 calculated by the EX500 excimer laser (Wavelight Laser Technologie AG, Erlangen, Germany) and the measured @entity92 in eyes that have undergone femtosecond laser-assisted LASIK (FS-LASIK) for @entity1714 . METHODS: Corneal thickness was measured with a rotating Scheimpflug camera preoperatively and 3 months postoperatively and the difference between these values was defined as the measured @entity92 . The difference between the predicted and the measured @entity92 was defined as the difference in @entity92 (  @entity92 ). RESULTS: In 85 eyes of 85 @entity1 , no statistically significant difference was detected between the mean predicted @entity92 (66.33    24.15   m) and the measured @entity92 at the thinnest corneal location (67.04    30.94   m), the corneal apex (67.52    31.22   m), or the pupil center (67.73    31.48   m). Bland-Altman plots revealed moderate agreement for measurements at the thinnest point (95% limits of agreement [LoA]: -25.13 to 23.70   m), corneal apex (95% LoA: -24.70 to 22.33   m), and pupil center (95% LoA: -25.30 to 22.51   m), with a proportional bias between the average @entity92 and   @entity92 . The predicted @entity92 was overestimated in eyes with lower correction and underestimated in eyes with higher correction. CONCLUSIONS: Moderate agreement between the predicted and measured @entity92 warrants caution when planning myopic FS-LASIK and calculating the residual bed thickness and percent tissue altered. When higher amounts of correction are planned, the laser software may underestimate the predicted @entity92 . [J Refract Surg. 2016;32(3):164-170.].

title: Agreement Between Predicted and Measured Ablation Depth After Femtosecond Laser-Assisted LASIK for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity92 :: ('MESH:D007222', 'Disease') :: ['AD', 'ablation depth']

answer: @entity1714 :: (MESH:D009216,Disease) :: ['Myopia']


abstract: Infections are one of the most important complications of hemodialysis (HD). The high concentrations of @entity859 ( @entity7308 ) and of its metabolites during HD may contribute to the dialysis-induced @entity3230 through their known ability to alter lymphocyte function. The influence of HD on @entity7308 metabolism was assessed in mononuclear cells through the measurement of (1) the concentrations of @entity2642 in mononuclear cells and (2) the activities of mononuclear cell @entity7308 deaminase (MCADA) and @entity7308 kinase, two enzymes involved in @entity7308 concentration regulation. Nine end-stage @entity177 hemodialyzed @entity1 (five @entity1 and four @entity1 ; mean age, 69 +/- 10 yr) and eight healthy volunteers (four @entity1 and four @entity1 ; mean age, 53 +/- 19 yr) were included in the study. Before HD, @entity7308 , @entity38254 , and @entity14572 concentrations were respectively 2.9-, 2.5-, and 2.5-fold higher in mononuclear cells of @entity1 than in healthy volunteers. During HD, @entity7308 concentration decreased by 34%, whereas @entity14572 concentration increased by 27%. Before HD, MCADA activity level was 2.1-fold lower in @entity1 than in control subjects. After HD, MCADA activity increased by nearly 50% but remained lower than in control subjects. @entity7308 kinase activity level of @entity1 did not differ from that of control subjects and was unchanged by HD. The influence of @entity7308 on in vitro mononuclear cell proliferation and @entity379 production also was evaluated. @entity7308 inhibited cell proliferation and @entity379 production in a dose-dependent manner, and these inhibitions were stronger for @entity1 than for healthy volunteers. The high concentrations of @entity7308 and @entity38254 in mononuclear cells and the low MCADA activity level likely are involved in the @entity1200 of @entity1 who are undergoing HD.

title: High @entity859 and @entity38254 concentrations in mononuclear cells of hemodialyzed XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity2642 :: ('MESH:D009705', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleosides']

entities_list: @entity859 :: ('MESH:D000241', 'Chemical') :: ['adenosine']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity1200 :: ('MESH:D007154', 'Disease') :: ['immune defect']

entities_list: @entity379 :: ('3458', 'Gene') :: ['interferon-gamma']

entities_list: @entity3230 :: ('MESH:C565469', 'Disease') :: ['immune deficiency']

entities_list: @entity38254 :: ('MESH:D003839', 'Chemical') :: ['deoxyadenosine']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: PURPOSE: A telephone help line for providing @entity5 counseling and information was started in 1990 at the University Hospital of Uppsala, Sweden. The current study aimed to assess the experience of the telephone help line after 3 years of operation and to compare the results with telephone services in other countries. DESCRIPTION OF STUDY: For each telephone call, a standard report form was completed and a short narrative description of the caller's concerns was written. RESULTS: During the first 3 years, 735 calls were registered. Most of the calls were made by next of kin (30%) and @entity1 (28%). Most (77%) of callers were @entity1 . The issues addressed were mainly medical or psychosocial. The medical questions were, in most cases, related to a @entity1 's illness or treatment. The psychosocial questions dealt with the caller's ( @entity1 or next of kin) own @entity148 , and these calls developed into supportive dialogues. @entity1 made more medical inquiries than next of kin, whereas family members were more concerned with psychosocial questions (P < 0.01). Questions relating to @entity0 accounted for a great part of the calls from @entity1 (34%), but significantly less from the relatives (10%; P < 0.0001), whereas the opposite was true for @entity14 (P < 0.01). These findings are discussed together with cultural differences between Sweden and other countries, particularly the United States. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: The telephone help line can supply information to @entity1 , next of kin, and the general public on their own premises. Another important task is to function as a link between @entity1 with symptoms and appropriate health service.

title: Telephone help line for @entity5 counseling and XXXX information.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'people']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal adenocarcinomas']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: An antigenic protein in cystic fluid of @entity8785 metacestodes ( @entity1577 ) of 150 kDa was measured by antibody-sandwich ELISA in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of @entity6583 patients. Capture antibodies were rabbit antisera against @entity1577 (RACF) and a monoclonal antibody (MAb) against 150 kDa protein in @entity1577 . Lower limit of antibody-sandwich ELISA was 8 ng/ml of the protein. Except @entity1577 , no tested helminths extracts reacted. Levels of the protein in 351 sera from 255 @entity1 (55 surgery confirmed and 202 antibody and CT/MRI confirmed) were below sensitivity of the assay. Of 276 CSF from 212 @entity1 , 31 samples (11.2%) showed positive findings. This assay, therefore, was not sensitive enough to be a diagnostic. Instead, the 150 kDa protein appeared in CSF in such situations as in 2 days after @entity2039 treatment, or as in a @entity1 infected with a racemose cysticercus with degenerated cyst wall. Of cases whose follow-up CSF were assayed, 2 cases showed that the protein appeared intermittently. These results suggest strongly that appearance of free 150 kDa protein is associated with cyst wall @entity397 . In CSF which contained the 150 kDa protein over 61 ng/ml, the protein was recognized in @entity214 -PAGE before and after immunoprecipitation.

title: Measurement of 150 kDa protein of XXXX metacestodes by antibody-sandwich ELISA in cerebrospinal fluid of @entity6583 @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity6583 :: ('MESH:D020019', 'Disease') :: ['neurocysticercosis']

entities_list: @entity8785 :: ('6204', 'Species') :: ['Taenia solium']

entities_list: @entity2039 :: ('MESH:D011223', 'Chemical') :: ['praziquantel']

answer: @entity8785 :: (6204,Species) :: ['Taenia solium']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In clinical trials, combined @entity1487 ( @entity1487 ) plus @entity901 improves the survival of @entity1 who have resected, @entity5 with manageable @entity137 . However, the tolerability of this in the general population of @entity1 with @entity694 is uncertain. METHODS: Adverse outcomes were compared in @entity1 with @entity5 who received either @entity1487 or @entity1487 / @entity901 within 120 days of undergoing resection versus a control group of @entity1 with @entity5 who did not receive chemotherapy in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)-Medicare database and in data from the New York State Cancer Registry linked to Medicare and Medicaid. Hospitalizations, emergency room (ER) visits, and outpatient adverse events (AEs) were measured in claims from 30 days to 9 months after @entity1 underwent resection. Multiple logistic regression was used to calculate adjusted odds ratios of events by treatment. Propensity score matching was used to minimize selection bias. RESULTS: Adverse outcomes were more frequent for chemotherapy recipients. AE rates were higher in @entity1 who received @entity1487 / @entity901 (81%) compared with @entity1 who received @entity1487 alone (72%), in the SEER-Medicare data. The effect of @entity901 on AEs was greater in older @entity1 : The odds ratio was 2.10 (95% confidence interval, 1.53-2.87) for @entity1 aged >=  75 years versus 1.75 (95% confidence interval, 1.39-2.21) for @entity1 aged <75 years. ER use was high in Medicaid @entity1 (83% of those who received chemotherapy), but neither ER use nor hospitalization was increased by @entity901 . The 60-day mortality rate was 1% to 3% for @entity1 who received @entity1487 alone and 1% to 2% for @entity1 who received combined @entity1487 / @entity901 . CONCLUSIONS: The incremental harms of adjuvant chemotherapy with @entity1487 / @entity901 versus @entity1487 alone were modest in @entity1 with @entity5 who were insured by Medicare and Medicaid. The additional harms in @entity1 aged >=  75 years largely were restricted to outpatient events and did not extend to an increased rate of hospitalization or early @entity204 .

title: Comparison of adverse events during XXXX versus @entity1487 / @entity901 adjuvant chemotherapy for @entity5 : a population-based analysis.

entities_list: @entity901 :: ('MESH:C030110', 'Chemical') :: ['oxaliplatin']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['stage II colon cancer', 'stage III colon cancer']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon cancer']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['5FU', '5-fluorouracil']

answer: @entity1487 :: (MESH:D005472,Chemical) :: ['5-fluorouracil']


abstract: Myosinopathies have emerged as a new group of diseases and are caused by mutations in genes encoding @entity20475 ( @entity20475 ) isoforms. One major hallmark of these diseases is skeletal @entity425 or @entity912 , but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we have undertaken a detailed functional study of muscle fibers from @entity27460 (arl) @entity19 , which carry a mutation that provokes an @entity39639 change within the catalytic domain of the type IIb skeletal muscle myosin protein @entity27460 . Because homozygous animals develop rapid muscle-structure disruption and lower-limb @entity912 , they must be killed by postnatal day 13, so all experiments were performed using skeletal muscles from adult heterozygous animals ( @entity27460 (arl)/+). @entity27460 (arl)/+ @entity19 contain @entity27460 ( @entity39639 ) expressed at 7% of the levels of the @entity164 ( @entity164 ) protein, and are overtly and histologically normal. However, mechanical and X-ray diffraction pattern analyses of single membrane-permeabilized fibers revealed, upon maximal @entity141 activation, higher stiffness as well as altered meridional and equatorial reflections in @entity27460 (arl)/+ @entity19 when compared with age-matched @entity164 animals. Under rigor conditions, by contrast, no difference was observed between @entity27460 (arl)/+ and @entity164 @entity19 . Altogether, these findings prove that, in adult @entity27460 ( @entity39639 ) heterozygous @entity19 , the transition from weak to strong myosin cross-bridge binding is facilitated, increasing the number of strongly attached myosin heads, thus enhancing force production. These changes are predictably exacerbated in the type IIb fibers of homozygous @entity19 , in which the embryonic myosin isoform is fully replaced by @entity27460 ( @entity39639 ), leading to a hypercontraction, muscle-structure disruption and lower-limb @entity912 . Overall, these findings provide important insights into the molecular pathogenesis of @entity1141 .

title: The fraction of strongly bound cross-bridges is increased in XXXX that carry the myopathy-linked @entity20475 mutation MYH4L342Q.

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['muscle weakness']

entities_list: @entity912 :: ('MESH:D010243', 'Disease') :: ['paralysis']

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['skeletal myosinopathies']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Low threshold @entity284 maintenance ( @entity569 ) was developed for clients who do not have abstinence as a treatment goal. We explored how @entity569 programs in Canada defined low threshold and the challenges they faced. METHODS: Using semi-structured interviews, we collected data from clients (n=46), nurses/counsellors (n=15) and physicians (n=9) at three low threshold @entity569 programs. All @entity1 were asked to define low threshold @entity569 and describe how it was implemented in practice. Interviews were taped, transcribed, verified and analysed using an iterative thematic coding technique. RESULTS: Low threshold @entity569 was defined by an explicit rejection of abstinence from opiates and other drugs as an over-arching treatment goal. In the absence of guidelines defining a set of practices as low threshold, programs implemented practices they believed would reduce barriers to admission and help retention. There was not always agreement between professional groups or across the programs regarding these practices. For physicians, there was a tension between accepting poly-drug use during treatment as a means to improve retention, with an obligation to do more good than harm for their @entity1 . Missed prescribing appointments generated few to severe consequences and revealed differential focus on reducing barriers versus encouraging client 'ownership' of treatment. Differences of opinion regarding appropriate urine drug testing practices revealed power dynamics between medical and non-medical staff. CONCLUSION: Our findings show that there are potentially more ways to reduce barriers to @entity569 than those presented in the current literature. Our findings are important given the growing number of @entity1 with @entity4784 across the world and calls to increase access to @entity569 . To fully develop the low threshold model, it will be important to evaluate what policies and practices can achieve the goals of reducing barriers to admission and improving retention in treatment.

title: What is low threshold XXXX maintenance treatment?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity4784 :: ('MESH:D009293', 'Disease') :: ['opiate dependence']

entities_list: @entity284 :: ('MESH:D008691', 'Chemical') :: ['methadone']

answer: @entity284 :: (MESH:D008691,Chemical) :: ['methadone']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Early life stress may have a lasting impact on the developmental programming of the @entity935 (DA) system implicated in @entity716 . Early adversity could promote resilience by calibrating the prefrontal stress-regulatory dopaminergic neurotransmission to improve the individual's fit with the predicted stressful environment. Aberrant reactivity to such match between proximal and distal environments may, however, enhance @entity716 disease risk. We explored the combined effects of childhood adversity and adult stress by exposing 12 unmedicated individuals with a diagnosis of non-affective @entity914 (NAPD) and 12 healthy controls (HC) to psychosocial stress during an @entity41385 positron emission tomography. Childhood @entity130 divided into early (ages 0-11 years) and late (12-18 years) was assessed retrospectively using a questionnaire. A significant group x childhood @entity130 interaction on the spatial extent of stress-related @entity41385 displacement was observed in the mPFC for early (b = -8.45, t(1,23) = -3.35, p = .004) and late childhood @entity130 (b = -7.86, t(1,23) = -2.48, p = .023). In healthy individuals, the spatial extent of mPFC DA activity under acute psychosocial stress was positively associated with the severity of early (b = 7.23, t(11) = 3.06, p = .016) as well as late childhood @entity130 (b = -7.86, t(1,23) = -2.48, p = .023). Additionally, a trend-level main effect of early childhood @entity130 on subjective stress response emerged within this group (b = -.7, t(11) = -2, p = .07), where higher early @entity130 correlated with lower subjective stress response to the task. In the NAPD group, childhood @entity130 was not associated with the spatial extent of the tracer displacement in mPFC (b = -1.22, t(11) = -0.67), nor was there a main effect of @entity130 on the subjective perception of stress within this group (b = .004, t(11) = .01, p = .99). These findings reveal a potential mechanism of neuroadaptation of prefrontal DA transmission to early life stress and suggest its role in resilience and vulnerability to @entity716 .

title: Early-Life Stress Affects Stress-Related Prefrontal XXXX Activity in Healthy Adults, but Not in Individuals with @entity914 .

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity914 :: ('MESH:D011618', 'Disease') :: ['psychotic disorder']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychosis']

answer: @entity935 :: (MESH:D004298,Chemical) :: ['Dopamine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: On the basis of the number of @entity1 snowboarders whose @entity130 we have recently treated, we believe that the cases of vulvar @entity1410 and @entity130 caused by snowboarding have been increasing. To analyze the causal relation between snowboarding and @entity130 , we investigated how @entity1 were injured during snowboarding. METHODS: During the last three @entity88 -ing seasons at the five hospitals near the @entity88 resorts in Nagano Prefecture, Japan, the clinical charts of all @entity1 with @entity130 during snowboarding were reviewed for the number of @entity1 treated, the condition of the @entity1 at diagnosis, and the characteristics of @entity130 . All @entity1 were also asked by phone about how their @entity130 was caused during snowboarding. RESULTS: The number of @entity1 with @entity130 during the last three seasons was 16, 14, and 35, respectively. The types of @entity130 included @entity1410 in 33 (51%) @entity1 , @entity1410 with @entity130 in 17 (26%), and @entity130 in the remaining 15 (23%). Of the 65 @entity1 , 45 (69%) needed surgical treatment. Characteristically, 54 (88%) @entity1 were injured when they tumbled onto the binding of the snowboard at the same time that one foot was left off the board and the binding was not turned down but left erect. CONCLUSION: It is important for @entity1 snowboarders to realize that in snowboarding there are dangers that may cause @entity130 . The prevention of such injuries requires that the binding should be turned down when the foot is left off the board and that snowboarders should try not to tumble onto the board.

title: Warning from Nagano: increase of vulvar XXXX and/or @entity130 caused by snowboarding.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['vulvar injuries', 'lacerated injury', 'lacerated injuries', 'vulvar injury']

answer: @entity1410 :: (MESH:D006406,Disease) :: ['hematoma']


abstract: AIM: To determine the prevalence of @entity854 in 1388 @entity1 with @entity16 , and to analyse their clinical, neuroradiological, and electrophysiological characteristics. METHOD: We studied biogenic @entity4478 in 1388 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from @entity1 with @entity16 (mean age 3y 10mo, SD 4y 5mo; 712 males, 676 females. Correlations among CSF @entity4926 ( @entity3829 ) values and other biochemical, clinical, neuroradiological, and electrophysiological parameters were analysed. RESULTS: Twenty-one @entity1 with primary @entity942 were identified. Of the whole sample, 20% showed altered @entity3829 . We report @entity16 with abnormal CSF @entity3829 values such as @entity26282 , perinatal @entity1763 , @entity4767 , @entity2383 , and other @entity74 . Overlapping @entity3829 levels between primary and secondary @entity935 deficiencies were observed. Prevalence of low CSF @entity3829 levels was significantly higher in neonatal @entity1 (  (2) =84.8, p<0.001). @entity62 were associated with low CSF @entity3829 (odds ratio 2.3, 95% confidence interval 1.5-3.5). INTERPRETATION: @entity3829 abnormalities are observed in various @entity16 , but some are probably an unspecific finding. No clear limits for CSF @entity3829 values pointing towards primary diseases can be stated. We report several @entity16 showing @entity3829 alterations. No neuroimaging traits were associated with low @entity3829 values, except for @entity62 .

title: @entity4926 in cerebrospinal fluid of 1388 XXXX with @entity16 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4767 :: ('MESH:D002494', 'Disease') :: ['central nervous system infections']

entities_list: @entity26282 :: ('MESH:C580383', 'Disease') :: ['pontocerebellar hypoplasia']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological diseases', 'neurological disorders']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['dopaminergic abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['genetic diseases']

entities_list: @entity4926 :: ('MESH:D006719', 'Chemical') :: ['homovanillic acid']

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['Abnormalities in white matter', 'white matter abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity942 :: ('MESH:D003677', 'Disease') :: ['dopaminergic deficiencies']

entities_list: @entity2383 :: ('MESH:D028361', 'Disease') :: ['mitochondrial disorders']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: Classical theories on @entity2048 suggest that @entity11228 ( @entity11228 ) represent thalamo-cortical oscillations, where an abnormally excitable cortex interacts with thalamus and brain stem reticular formation. The limbic system is generally not included in any theory about the pathogenesis of @entity2048 . However, some data demonstrated that the alterations in the limbic system attribute to the expression of @entity302 phenotype in genetic models of @entity2048 . The present study investigated whether local intrahippocampal administration of @entity1420 (a @entity1246 (A)-mimetic) and @entity2810 (an inhibitor of @entity1246 (re)uptake) might affect the occurrence of @entity11228 . Male WAG/Rij @entity35 were implanted with permanent electroencephalograph (EEG) electrodes and bilateral cannulas in the CA1-CA3 region of the dorsal hippocampus. Control @entity35 had bilateral cannulas in the cortical area above the hippocampus. @entity35 received intracerebral injections of @entity1420 (5mg/ml), 45% @entity11151 (CD), saline, or @entity2810 (2mg/ml). EEG recordings were made before and after injection. @entity1420 , CD, and @entity2810 administration to the hippocampus reduced @entity11228 for 60min following administration without behavioral or electroencephalographic side-effects. Both @entity1420 administration into the cortex and saline injection into the hippocampus yielded no changes in the occurrence of @entity11228 . These data suggest that activation of @entity1246 -ergic transmission in the hippocampus has an inhibitory effect on cortico-thalamo-cortical circuits underlying the generation of @entity11228 and might be critically involved in the regulation of @entity2048 .

title: Absence seizures are reduced by the enhancement of @entity1246 -ergic inhibition in the hippocampus in WAG/Rij XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone', 'Progesterone']

entities_list: @entity11151 :: ('MESH:C031215', 'Chemical') :: ['beta-cyclodextrin']

entities_list: @entity11228 :: ('MESH:C535500', 'Disease') :: ['spike-wave discharge', 'SWDs']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['absence epileptic']

entities_list: @entity2048 :: ('MESH:D004832', 'Disease') :: ['absence seizures', 'absence epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity2810 :: ('MESH:C059205', 'Chemical') :: ['tiagabine']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the change characteristics of regional cerebral blood flow ( @entity13279 ) and its correlation with curative efficacy in @entity1 with @entity3119 ( @entity3119 ). METHODS: The images of @entity13279 and computed tomography (CT) were acquired from 30 @entity3119 and 30 normal controls by single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and CT. The tomographic data of @entity13279 were normalized, smoothed and statistically processed with the statistical parametric mapping (SPM) software with two-sample Z-test. And the @entity3119 grade was evaluated with the Y-BOCS at pre- and post-medication. RESULTS: The abnormal results of CT were not found. The SPM Z-test showed that the sections of higher @entity13279 in the @entity3119 @entity1 were predominantly located in basal ganglia and occipital lobe compared with the normal controls (P < 0.001). The scores of Y-BOCS in 30 @entity1 were markedly lower at post-medication than those at pre-medication (24    7 vs 11    6, P < 0.001). At post-medication, the scores of Y-BOCS with higher @entity13279 in basal ganglia and occipital lobe were higher than those in basal ganglia or occipital lobe (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The @entity3119 @entity1 have higher @entity13279 in basal ganglia and occipital lobe. The curative efficacy of @entity3119 with higher @entity13279 in basal ganglia and occipital lobe is worse than that in basal ganglia or occipital lobe.

title: [Change characteristics of regional cerebral blood flow and curative efficacy in XXXX with @entity3119 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3119 :: ('MESH:D009771', 'Disease') :: ['obsessive-compulsive disorder', 'OCD']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: @entity2290 ( @entity2290 ) is a @entity563 protease involved in pericellular proteolysis and @entity5 cell metastasis via plasmin-mediated degradation of extracellular matrix proteins. Plasma @entity2290 is inhibited by the @entity563 protease inhibitor @entity10854 (PCI) by the insertion of PCI's reactive site loop into the active site of the protease. To better understand the structural aspects of this inhibition, 15 reactive-site mutants of recombinant PCI (rPCI) were assayed for differences in @entity2290 inhibition. These assays revealed that substitutions at the P1 Arg354 and P3 Thr352 sites of rPCI were detrimental to inhibitory activity, while P3' @entity534 357 mutations had little effect upon the inhibition rate. However, replacement of the P2 Phe353 with small residues like Ala and @entity4022 increased the effectiveness of rPCI three- to four fold. To explain these altered rates of inhibition, a computer-derived molecular model of @entity2290 was generated and docked to a model of PCI to simulate complex formation. The changes made by mutagenesis were then recreated in the model of @entity2290 -PCI. In accordance with the kinetic data, the poor performance of P3 variants is primarily attributable to charge repulsion, while alleviation of steric hindrance at P2 produces the observed increase in @entity2290 inhibition. In the model, residues at P3' interact with PCI rather than @entity2290 , consistent with P3' variants demonstrating that little variation from wild-type activity. Ultimately, this combination of mutagenesis and molecular modeling will further refine our understanding of the interaction between PCI and @entity2290 .

title: Assessment of the interaction between urokinase and reactive site mutants of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity10854 :: ('5104', 'Gene') :: ['protein C inhibitor']

entities_list: @entity563 :: ('CHEBI:17822', 'Chemical') :: ['serine']

entities_list: @entity2290 :: ('5328', 'Gene') :: ['Urokinase-type plasminogen activator', 'uPA']

answer: @entity10854 :: (5104,Gene) :: ['protein C inhibitor']


abstract: Background. @entity43 is a rare form of ectopic pregnancy. It is often difficult to distinguish from @entity7207 , and diagnosis and management are frequently a challenge. Case. A 33-year-old nulligravida @entity1 presented with light @entity3556 and bilateral lower quadrants @entity490 . Beta- @entity1 chorionic gonadotropin (beta-hCG) level (592   mUI/mL) and clinical and ultrasound (US) findings were suspicious for @entity7207 . On the third day, despite beta-hCG decrease (364   mUI/mL), she complained of severe @entity158 in the lower abdomen, and physical examination revealed abdominal rebound tenderness. US showed a large amount of fluid in the abdominal cavity. Because of the unstable clinical condition, emergency laparoscopy and resection of left ovarian ectopic pregnancy were performed. Histology confirmed ovarian gestation. Conclusion. This case shows that @entity5849 may occur despite low levels of beta-hCG. Hemoperitoneum is not contraindication to laparoscopy.

title: @entity43 in a XXXX with Low Beta-hCG Levels.

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['Ovarian pregnancy']

entities_list: @entity3556 :: ('MESH:D014592', 'Disease') :: ['vaginal bleeding']

entities_list: @entity7207 :: ('MESH:D011274', 'Disease') :: ['tubal pregnancy']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity5849 :: ('MESH:D011271', 'Disease') :: ['ectopic pregnancy rupture']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Woman']


abstract: PURPOSE: Several analgesic techniques are available for @entity158 management after a major operation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From December 2005 to February 2006, a prospective, double-blind study was performed involving 90 @entity1 who had undergone a total knee arthroplasty. @entity1 were randomly divided into three equal groups (n=30). Demographic data, including age, height, weight, knee score, visual analogue scale (VAS), and range of flexion were evaluated preoperatively. Before wound closure, @entity1 were given intra-synovial injections of the following solutions: @entity1 in group I received 40mL of 300mg @entity1342 with 1:200,000 @entity1425 and 5mg @entity1286 ; @entity1 in Group II received 40mL of 300mg @entity1342 with @entity1425 ; and @entity1 in Group III received 50mL normal saline as a control. All @entity1 received an epidural @entity1 -controlled analgesia (PCA) for 24 postoperative hours. Analgesic efficacy was evaluated using the VAS at intervals of 2, 4, 6, 12, 24, 32, 40, and 48 hours postoperatively. During this period, the side effects, the dosage of rescue analgesia required, and the range of knee flexion were recorded for each group. RESULTS: There were no significant differences among the three groups with regards to the VAS and the required dose of rescue analgesia (p > 0.05). None of the groups demonstrated significant differences in the range of knee flexion and the incidence of postoperative @entity390 and emesis (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Therefore, we found that @entity1342 , alone or with @entity1286 , injected into the synovial tissue, along with an epidural PCA has no additional benefits in @entity158 control after a total knee arthroplasty.

title: Intra-synovial @entity1342 and @entity1286 for XXXX relief after total knee arthroplasty: a prospective, randomized, double blind study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1425 :: ('MESH:D004837', 'Chemical') :: ['epinephrine']

entities_list: @entity1342 :: ('MESH:C037663', 'Chemical') :: ['ropivacaine']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Preventing @entity2132 ( @entity2132 ) by depletion of T lymphocytes from the stem cell graft for transplantation remains controversial, mainly because of the perceived increase in disease recurrence. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the outcome of 50 consecutive individuals in remission of @entity981 (n=13; 8 in complete remission [CR]1) or @entity3052 (n=37; 33 in @entity3432 ), who had received marrow grafts from HLA-identical siblings. The conditioning regimen included six 2-Gy fractions of total body irradiation, succeeded by @entity786 at 120 mg/kg (with mesna) followed by four fractions of 1.5 Gy to lymphoid areas. Bone marrow (n=38) or peripheral blood mobilized donor mononuclear cells (n=12) were exposed ex vivo to CAMPATH-1 (IgM and complement, or IgG; antiCD52) antibodies, without any further posttransplantation immunosuppression. RESULTS: Median @entity1 age was 31 (range 14-51) years; 12 @entity1 were 40 or older. Thirty-two @entity1 were male. One @entity1 died of @entity548 on day 10; another died on day 29 of @entity401 . Except for one @entity204 , all @entity1 engrafted. Ten (21%) of the remaining 48 who were at risk, developed @entity2132 . In none was it greater than grade II. Eight @entity1 developed serious @entity1800 . Four died of @entity55 , @entity99 , and @entity1 @entity465 . Overall, 11 @entity1 (22%) relapsed (4 of 33 @entity3052 in @entity3432 ) at a median of 235 (range 46-528) days. Mean posttransplantation follow-up was 1062 (median 560; range 10-4177) days. Thirty-three @entity1 (66%) remained disease free at a mean of 1,118 (median 1439; range 159-4,177) days. For all @entity1 , the performance status was between 82% and 100% (median 100). CONCLUSION: T-cell depletion with CAMPATH-1 effectively prevents @entity2132 , particularly the severe acute forms, without leading to excessive risk of relapse in @entity3052 .

title: Ex vivo depletion of T cells from bone marrow grafts with CAMPATH-1 in XXXX : @entity2132 and graft-versus-leukemia effect.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity981 :: ('MESH:D054198', 'Disease') :: ['acute lymphoblastic leukemia']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['adenovirus hepatitis']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['cytomegalovirus pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute myeloblastic leukemia', 'acute leukemia']

entities_list: @entity1800 :: ('MESH:D014777', 'Disease') :: ['viral infections']

entities_list: @entity2132 :: ('MESH:D006086', 'Disease') :: ['GVHD', 'graft-versus-host disease']

entities_list: @entity465 :: ('MESH:D007153', 'Disease') :: ['immunodeficiency']

entities_list: @entity401 :: ('MESH:D017563', 'Disease') :: ['interstitial pneumonitis']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['early death']

answer: @entity3052 :: (MESH:D015470,Disease) :: ['acute leukemia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1244 is a poorly understood disease. Despite the significant morbidity and the enormous cost of treating @entity1244 , little progress has been made at improving our understanding of its pathophysiology. One reason for restricted progress in understanding the disease is the lack of a satisfactory animal model that mimics @entity1244 in @entity1 . OBJECTIVE: We review data establishing the development of @entity1244 in @entity19 after instillation of @entity328 , the most common pathogen responsible for acute @entity1244 in @entity1 . We also review data showing that @entity32 in @entity19 worsens a subsequent bacterial @entity1244 . We use this data to hypothesize how @entity32 worsens a @entity2348 . METHODS: Different strains of @entity19 were @entity56 . RESULTS: We show our ability to generate an @entity56 in the nose after sensitization to ovalbumin. Our data further show that an ongoing allergic nasal reaction worsens acute @entity1244 . CONCLUSION: A @entity19 model has been created for a study of the interaction of @entity2023 and acute bacterial @entity1244 .

title: @entity2023 augments the response to a @entity2348 in XXXX : A review of an animal model.

entities_list: @entity1244 :: ('MESH:D012852', 'Disease') :: ['sinusitis', 'Sinusitis']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['allergic inflammation']

entities_list: @entity2023 :: ('MESH:D006255', 'Disease') :: ['allergic rhinitis']

entities_list: @entity2348 :: ('MESH:D001424', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial sinus infection']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['made allergic and/or infected', 'allergic reaction']

entities_list: @entity328 :: ('1313', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus pneumoniae']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: Uterine natriuretic peptides may be involved in the alterations that occur in the uterus during the estrous cycle through its role in hydromineral balance. The following studies were performed to determine whether uterine natriuretic peptides and receptors follow a cyclic pattern during the estrous cycle. The results obtained show that @entity12579 ( @entity12579 ) content in @entity35 uterine tissue was low in proestrus (8.5 +/- 2.6 pg/g) and significantly increased (P < 0.001) in estrus (71.5 +/- 16.6 pg/g), metestrus (82.6 +/- 19.7 pg/g) and diestrus (91.0 +/- 19.4 pg/g), whereas plasma @entity12579 was not altered during the cycle. Similarly, measurement of uterine @entity12579 mRNA by reverse transcribed polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) indicated lowest levels of @entity12579 mRNA at proestrus. Measurement of C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) by a specific and sensitive radioimmunoassay revealed that uterine CNP also varies with the estrous cycle. Uterine CNP was low in diestrus (143.2 +/- 22.4 pg/mg protein) as compared with proestrus, estrus and metestrus (305.3 +/- 51.5, 267.5 +/- 44.9, 291 +/- 41.2 pg/mg protein respectively, P < 0.05). Autoradiography performed on uterine tissue slices localized natriuretic peptide receptors to myometrial smooth muscle layers and to endometrial uterine glands. High binding of 125I- @entity12579 was observed in proestrus and estrus with 60-75% decreases during metestrus and diestrus. Binding of 125I-tyr0CNP to uterine slices was also high during proestrus, but declined by 35% at estrus, metestrus and diestrus. The alterations in the receptors were also observed at the level of synthesis. RT-PCR detection of guanylyl cyclase A (GC-A) receptor mRNA and @entity31246 ( @entity31246 ) mRNA showed high signals at proestrus but 4- and 2-fold reductions respectively at metestrus and diestrus. In conclusion, variations in uterine @entity12579 and CNP and their receptors during the @entity35 estrous cycle imply the involvement of the natriuretic peptides in uterine hydromineral balance and myometrial motor activity.

title: Regulation of the natriuretic peptide system in XXXX uterus during the estrous cycle.

entities_list: @entity12579 :: ('24602(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['atrial natriuretic peptide', 'ANP']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To quantitatively detect the nature of @entity73 in @entity1 with @entity7463 ( @entity7463 ) using dynamic posturography. METHODS: Twenty clinically diagnosed @entity7463 @entity1 (8 @entity1 , 12 @entity1 ; age: 62.1    7.7 years; duration: 2.6    1.3 years) and 20 healthy controls were studied. All subjects were @entity4265 side dominant. They were evaluated by dynamic posturography (Biodex, USA). The measurements included (i) balance indices: ability to control balance in all directions (overall balance index, OBI), front to back (anterior-posterior index, API) and side-to-side (medio-lateral index, MLI), and (ii) the limits of stability (LOS) in 8 directions: forward (FW), backward (BW), @entity4265 ( @entity4265 ), left (LT), forward- @entity4265 (FW- @entity4265 ), forward-left (FW-LT), backward- @entity4265 (BW- @entity4265 ) and backward-left (BW-LT). RESULTS: Compared to controls, @entity1 showed significantly higher OBI (p<0.001), API (p=0.003) and MLI (p<0.001), implying impaired balance. The total LOS score was significantly lower (implying poor stability) in @entity7463 than in controls (18.3    7.3 vs. 28.4    8.5, p<0.001). @entity1 took significantly longer time to complete LOS test (262.7    33.0 s vs. 135.4    20.6 s, p<0.001). Direction-wise analysis showed that @entity7463 @entity1 had significantly lower LOS scores in FW, BW, @entity4265 , FW- @entity4265 , BW- @entity4265 and BW-LT directions compared to controls. However the scores in LT and FW-LT did not differ significantly. CONCLUSIONS: @entity7463 @entity1 showed @entity73 and decreased overall LOS compared to controls. Though LOS is affected in @entity7463 , the scores in the left (non-dominant side) and forward-left (non-dominant forward diagonal) directions were preserved.

title: Direction specific preserved limits of stability in early XXXX : a dynamic posturographic study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['balance impairment', 'impaired balance indices']

entities_list: @entity7463 :: ('MESH:D013494', 'Disease') :: ['progressive supranuclear palsy', 'PSP']

answer: @entity7463 :: (MESH:D013494,Disease) :: ['progressive supranuclear palsy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A double-blind, randomized study compared differences between @entity1 administered @entity4560 and those administered placebo after @entity24478 infusion. @entity4094 was quantified using the ParaGraph 1800 nerve stimulator-monitor (Vital Signs, Totowa, NJ), which can deliver a train-of-four stimulus to the ulnar nerve and quantify the ratio of the fourth twitch to the first twitch. METHODS: With Investigational Review Board approval and informed consent, 30 healthy outpatient gynecological surgery @entity1 ASA I or II, aged 21 to 37 years, were randomly assigned to treatment or placebo. In a double-blind manner, one group received @entity4560 (1 mg/kg) and @entity3897 (0.01 mg/kg) reversal (E/A) and the other group received placebo (P) to recover spontaneously from a mivacurium infusion. Anesthesia was induced and a rapid infusion of @entity24478 (0.2 mg/kg) was administered. An infusion of @entity24478 was then initiated at a rate of 6-7 microg/kg/min to maintain @entity4094 . Group differences in recovery time (time between administration of the @entity4560 or placebo and a 5-second head lift followed by tracheal extubation) were compared, as was time from tracheal extubation to discharge from the postanesthesia care unit (PACU). @entity390 and @entity391 were documented until the @entity1 was discharged from the hospital; a 24-hour follow-up evaluation was completed by telephone. RESULTS: Each group contained 15 @entity1 , and their demographics were similar. The mean recovery time for E/A was statistically shorter than for P (P, 9.7 +/- 4.8 minutes; E/A, 6.1 +/- 3.9 minutes; p = 0. 017). There were no statistically significant differences found in the incidence of @entity390 and @entity391 (P, 4; E/A, 6) or in time to discharge from the PACU. CONCLUSION: Recovery from a @entity24478 infusion is shorter by 3.6 minutes (margin of error +/- 3.3 minutes) when reversal with @entity4560 / @entity3897 is used. There is no difference in time to discharge from PACU and no evidence of differences in @entity390 and @entity391 .

title: To reverse or not to reverse: an evaluation of reversal of XXXX in @entity1 undergoing outpatient gynecological procedures.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4094 :: ('MESH:D009468', 'Disease') :: ['neuromuscular blockade', 'Neuromuscular blockade']

entities_list: @entity390 :: ('MESH:D009325', 'Disease') :: ['Nausea', 'nausea']

entities_list: @entity4560 :: ('MESH:D004491', 'Chemical') :: ['edrophonium']

entities_list: @entity24478 :: ('MESH:C049430', 'Chemical') :: ['mivacurium', 'mivacurium chloride']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity3897 :: ('MESH:D001285', 'Chemical') :: ['atropine']

answer: @entity24478 :: (MESH:C049430,Chemical) :: ['mivacurium chloride']


abstract: @entity1496 -131 labelled anti L1-CAM antibody mAb chCE7 was compared with the effective @entity521 -seeking agent 131I-labelled @entity7990 ( @entity7990 ) with regard to (a) its therapeutic efficacy in treating @entity19 with @entity521 xenografts and (b) its @entity5 targeting ability in @entity521 @entity1 . The SK-N-SH @entity5 cells used in the @entity19 experiments show good MIBG uptake and provide a relatively low number of 6,300 binding sites/cell for mAb chCE7. @entity5 were treated with single injections of 131I-MIBG (110 MBq) and with 131I-labelled mAb chCE7 (17 MBq) and both agents showed antitumour activity. After therapy with 131I-chCE7, the subcutaneous @entity5 nearly disappeared; treatment with 131I-MIBG was somewhat less effective, resulting in a 70% reduction in @entity5 volume. A calculated @entity5 regrowth delay of 9 days occurred with a radioactivity dose of 17 MBq of an irrelevant control antibody @entity19 , which does not bind to SK-N-SH cells, compared with a regrowth delay of 34 days with 131I-mAb chCE7 and of 24 days with 131I-MIBG. General @entity137 appeared to be mild, as assessed by a transient, approximate 10% maximum decrease in body weight during the treatments. The superior growth inhibition achieved by 131I-chCE7 compared with 131I-MIBG can be explained by its prolonged @entity5 , due to slower normal tissue and plasma clearance. Cross-reaction of mAb chCE7 with L1-CAM present in normal @entity1 tissues was investigated by direct binding of radioiodinated mAb to frozen tissue sections. Results showed a strong reaction with normal @entity1 brain tissue and weak but detectable binding to normal adult kidney sections. Seven @entity1 with recurrent @entity521 were sequentially imaged with 131I-MIBG and 131I-chCE7. The results underlined the heterogeneity of @entity521 and showed the two imaging modalities to be complementary. 131I-chCE7 scintigraphy may have clinical utility in detecting metastases which do not accumulate 131I-MIBG, and the antibody may hold potential for radioimmunotherapy, either by itself or in combination with 131I-MIBG.

title: A comparison of targeting of @entity521 with mIBG and anti L1-CAM antibody mAb chCE7: therapeutic efficacy in a @entity521 xenograft model and imaging of @entity521 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Tumours', 'tumours', 'retention in the tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity7990 :: ('MESH:D019797', 'Chemical') :: ['metaiodobenzylguanidine', 'MIBG']

entities_list: @entity521 :: ('MESH:D009447', 'Disease') :: ['neuroblastoma']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: The effects of probenecid and @entity918 on renal handling of @entity3151 during @entity2265 induced by @entity24466 ( @entity11832 , @entity10210 ) was studied. Measurements of @entity460 , @entity3151 , and @entity1011 clearance were performed in 2 sessions on each of 3 consecutive days in 10 normal fasting volunteers during the morning hours from 8 A.M. to 12 noon. During 2 to 3 wk thereafter, each subject was treated with @entity10210 , 30 mg/kg/day. The second group of studies were performed in the same manner as the first except the @entity10210 administration was continued throughout. @entity10210 caused elevation of serum @entity3151 in all cases. Probenecid did not affect urine @entity3151 . @entity918 caused a transient @entity14104 of similar magnitude in the @entity10210 treated and untreated states. @entity1011 clearance was not affected by any of the treatments and urine @entity460 was decreased by @entity10210 . It was concluded that @entity918 inhibits tubular reabsorption of @entity3151 but that it does not affect the mechanism whereby @entity10210 causes increased tubular reabsorption of @entity3151 . Chronic administration of @entity918 along with @entity10210 may inhibit @entity2265 and may change the bone effects of @entity10210 .

title: Effect of @entity918 on @entity3151 during treatment with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity14104 :: ('MESH:D007015', 'Disease') :: ['phosphaturia']

entities_list: @entity11832 :: ('CHEBI:4907', 'Chemical') :: ['ethane-1-hydroxy-1, 1-diphosphonate']

entities_list: @entity918 :: ('MESH:D006852', 'Chemical') :: ['Hydrochlorothiazide', 'hydrochlorothiazide']

entities_list: @entity24466 :: ('CHEBI:29262', 'Chemical') :: ['diphosphonate']

entities_list: @entity2265 :: ('MESH:D054559', 'Disease') :: ['hyperphosphatemia']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['Creatinine', 'creatinine']

entities_list: @entity3151 :: ('MESH:D010758', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphorus']

answer: @entity24466 :: (CHEBI:29262,Chemical) :: ['diphosphonate']


abstract: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of supratarsal injection of @entity2995 in the treatment of @entity56 in childhood. Thirty-five @entity1 (70 eyes) with severe @entity56 were included in this study. Fifteen @entity1 (42.8%) had @entity9849 ( @entity9849 ) and 20 (57.2%) had @entity5902 ( @entity5902 ). All @entity1 underwent a bilateral supratarsal injection of 20 mg @entity2995 . Mean follow-up was 28 months (range 14-38). All @entity1 showed a significant symptomatic improvement and partial resolution of clinical features of @entity9849 within the first 2 weeks. @entity2687 related to @entity9849 disappeared in all @entity1 . One @entity1 with @entity5902 experienced @entity2790 . No @entity1 with @entity9849 showed side-effects. Severe relapse of the disease was noted in 10% of eyes with @entity5902 and in 6.7% of eyes with @entity9849 after a mean follow-up of 9 and 11 months, respectively. Supratarsal injection of @entity2995 is effective and safe in @entity1 with severe chronic allergic keratoconjunctivits to relieve severe @entity32 associated with this disease.

title: Supratarsal injection of XXXX and childhood @entity56 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity2995 :: ('MESH:D014222', 'Chemical') :: ['triamcinolone acetonide']

entities_list: @entity9849 :: ('MESH:D007637', 'Disease') :: ['keratoconjunctivitis', 'atopic keratoconjunctivitis', 'AKC']

entities_list: @entity2790 :: ('MESH:D009798', 'Disease') :: ['ocular hypertension']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['refractory allergic keratoconjunctivitis', 'allergic keratoconjunctivitis']

entities_list: @entity2687 :: ('MESH:D003316', 'Disease') :: ['Corneal complications']

entities_list: @entity5902 :: ('MESH:D003233', 'Disease') :: ['VKC', 'vernal keratoconjuncivitis']

answer: @entity2995 :: (MESH:D014222,Chemical) :: ['triamcinolone acetonide']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate if changes in @entity308 would be associated with changes in glycemic control over a 12-month period in @entity1 with @entity164 1 and @entity164 2 @entity6 . METHODS: Ninety ( @entity164 1 @entity6 , n = 28; @entity164 2 @entity6 , n = 62) @entity1 having Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) levels of >10 were enrolled in the study. Of those 90 @entity1 , 65 @entity1 completed a 12-week cognitive behavioral therapy intervention. BDI was assessed at baseline and thereafter biweekly during 12 months. Hemoglobin (HbA1c) and fasting blood @entity413 levels were assessed at baseline and at four quarterly in-hospital follow-up visits. Linear mixed-model analysis was applied to determine the effects of time and @entity308 , HbA1c levels, and fasting @entity413 levels. RESULTS: Mean and standard deviation baseline BDI and HbA1c levels were 17.9 +/- 5.8 and 7.6 +/- 1.6, respectively, with no significant difference between @entity1 with @entity164 1 and @entity164 2 @entity6 . Mixed-model regression analysis found no difference between the groups with @entity164 1 and @entity164 2 @entity6 in the within-subject effect of BDI score on HbA1c or fasting @entity413 levels during the study. @entity308 decreased significantly (p = .0001) and similarly over a 12-month period in both @entity1 with @entity164 1 and @entity164 2 @entity6 , whereas HbA1c and fasting @entity413 levels did not change significantly over time in either group. CONCLUSION: Changes in @entity308 were not associated with changes in HbA1c or fasting @entity413 levels over a 1-year period in either @entity1 with @entity164 1 or @entity164 2 @entity6 .

title: Changes in @entity308 and glycemic control in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes type on depressive symptoms', 'depressive symptoms', 'Depressive symptoms']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes mellitus']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The authors evaluated @entity2956 ( @entity2956 ) outcomes in general dental practice one year after treatment with stabilizing splints (SS) or nonoccluding control splints (CS). METHODS: Seventy-two randomly allocated subjects completed initial treatment. The outcomes measures were a @entity158 visual analog scale (VAS), muscle tenderness, @entity1348 ( @entity1348 ) tenderness, interincisal opening, @entity1348 clicks and @entity10 . After initial treatment, 81 percent of the subjects were found to have been treated satisfactorily. The dentists referred the remaining subjects to a dental hospital. At one year, the authors recalled 52 of the original subjects for evaluation. RESULTS: Improvements after initial treatment were maintained at one year for all outcomes, except for @entity1348 clicking, which returned to pretreatment levels. Eighty-one percent of the subjects rated their treatment as either good or excellent in reducing @entity158 . The authors found that subjects were aware of more of their @entity1348 clicks than dentists observed at the one-year clinical examination, but most subjects thought their clicking or the associated @entity158 had been reduced. Fifty-five percent subjects had used their splints in the previous six months, but only 31 percent of these had done so daily. There were no significant differences between splint groups. CONCLUSION: At one year, a good response to @entity2956 treatment in general practice had been maintained, but many subjects still had clicking TMJs. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Trained dentists can manage @entity2956 satisfactorily, with only a small proportion of @entity1 needing specialist attention.

title: The treatment of XXXX with stabilizing splints in general dental practice: one-year follow-up.

entities_list: @entity2956 :: ('MESH:D013705', 'Disease') :: ['TMD', 'temporomandibular disorder']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['jaw pain', 'pain']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headaches']

entities_list: @entity1348 :: ('MESH:D013706', 'Disease') :: ['TMJ', 'temporomandibular joint']

answer: @entity2956 :: (MESH:D013705,Disease) :: ['temporomandibular disorders']


abstract: To better understand the morphogenesis of @entity731 , we evaluated temporal distribution of leukocytes, macrophages, foam cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, and subendothelial lipid in @entity8577 ( @entity8577 ) @entity95 aortas. Aortas of @entity8577 (n=20) and New Zealand White (NZW, controls; n=8) @entity95 were perfusion fixed at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months of age. At initial gross evaluation of lipid distribution, we identified aortic areas at high risk for lesion development. In @entity8577 @entity95 , the lipid-positive portion of high-risk areas increased from 3% at 1 month to 50% at 12 months; during the same period, adherent cell count increased from <1 leukocyte and monocyte/mm(2) to 25 leukocytes, 44 monocytes, and 10 foam cells/mm(2). Controls showed no increase over time in lipid-positive areas or cellular adherence to the endothelium. One-month-old @entity8577 @entity95 aortas had scattered lipid-positive cells in the intima (primarily branch points). Immunostaining of these areas did not show @entity95 macrophages (RAM antibody) but were actin positive. Occasionally, platelets and monocytes adhered to the endothelial surface. By age 3 months, well-defined fatty streaks/ @entity731 plaques had RAM-positive cells within foam cell core, along core margins, and in focal clusters in the fibrous cap and subendothelium. By age 12 months, isolated RAM-positive cells were on the endothelial surface, and surface morphology showed endothelial cell disruption foci containing clusters of macrophages and foam cells. Our results indicate that lipid accumulation (extra- and intracellular) is important in the early development of @entity731 ; a corresponding, slower accumulation of adherent cells on the lesion surface promotes lipid conversion from fatty streak to plaque.

title: Development of XXXX with endothelial disruption in Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic @entity95 aortas.

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerotic', 'atherosclerotic lesions', 'atherosclerotic plaque']

entities_list: @entity95 :: ('9986', 'Species') :: ['rabbits', 'rabbit']

entities_list: @entity8577 :: ('MESH:D065627', 'Disease') :: ['Watanabe heritable hyperlipedimic', 'WHHL']

answer: @entity731 :: (MESH:D050197,Disease) :: ['atherosclerotic plaque']


abstract: PURPOSE: In the United States, @entity356 is rapidly fatal with a 25% 5-year survival. Of the few @entity1 who survive, little is known about their demographic, clinical, and @entity5 characteristics. @entity1 AND METHODS: Data regarding all cases of gastric and gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) @entity420 diagnosed in California between 1988 and 2005 were obtained from the California @entity5 Registry, a member of the National @entity5 Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program. A Cox proportional hazards model was constructed to understand the independent relationships of @entity1 @entity66 , and treatment factors with survival. RESULTS: We identified 47,647 @entity1 diagnosed with @entity356 . Of those, only 9,325 (20%) survived at least 3 years. Variables associated with longer survival were localized stage (hazard ratio [HR], 0.20), surgery with diagnosis in 2002 or later (HR, 0.34), surgery with diagnosis in 2001 or before (0.37), regional stage (HR, 0.53), chemotherapy (HR, 0.56), intestinal histology (HR, 0.74), well- or moderately differentiated @entity5 (HR, 0.76), radiation (HR, 0.80), Asian/Pacific Islander race (HR, 0.81), treatment at an academic hospital (HR, 0.85), fundus/body/antrum location (HR, 0.90), highest socioeconomic status quintile (HR, 0.91), female sex (HR, 0.92), Hispanic race (HR, 0.92), and hospital size more than 150 beds (HR, 0.94). Kaplan-Meier curves showed longer median disease-specific survival (DSS) in @entity1 with @entity5 originating in the fundus/body/antrum compared with esophagus/ @entity418 (13.4 v 10.8 months). Intestinal histology had significantly longer median DSS (28.9 months) compared with other (11.0 months) or diffuse (10.1 months) histology. CONCLUSION: @entity1 who survive gastric and GEJ @entity5 more than 3 years after diagnosis have demographic and pathologic characteristics distinct from those who do not survive.

title: Long-term survivors of XXXX : a California population-based study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['demographic, disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'Cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer', 'gastric or GEJ cancer']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['gastric cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Once a septic condition is progressing, administration of @entity230 in the pro-inflammatory phase of @entity326 ought to yield maximal effect on the subsequent, devastating inflammatory response. Recently, a retrospective study showed that early initiation of corticosteroid therapy improved survival in @entity326 . We aimed to prospectively evaluate effects of early administrated @entity701 therapy on physiologic variables in a porcine model of @entity326 . EXPERIMENT: Eight anesthetized @entity1707 were given a continuous infusion of endotoxin during this 6 h prospective, randomized, parallel-grouped placebo-controlled experimental study. At the onset of @entity1457 , defined as the moment when the mean pulmonary arterial pressure reached the double baseline value, the @entity1707 were either given a single intravenous dose of @entity701 (5 mg kg(-1)) or the corresponding volume of saline. RESULTS: Mean arterial pressure and systemic vascular resistance index were significantly higher (both p<0.05), and heart rate was significantly lower (p<0.05), in the endotoxin+ @entity701 group as compared to the endotoxin+saline group. Body temperature and blood @entity7825 levels increased significantly in the endotoxin+saline group (both p<0.05). Urinary @entity701 increased significantly in both groups (p<0.05). There were no significant differences in the plasma levels of @entity14463 , @entity22134 or @entity3542 / @entity1507 between the groups. CONCLUSION: Early treatment with @entity701 ameliorates some endotoxin mediated circulatory derangements, fever response and microvascular outflow. Our results suggest that these effects are not directly mediated by the pro-inflammatory cytokines @entity14463 or @entity22134 , nor by NO.

title: Counteraction of early circulatory derangement by administration of low dose steroid treatment at the onset of established @entity1457 is not directly mediated by XXXX and @entity22134 .

entities_list: @entity326 :: ('MESH:D012772', 'Disease') :: ['septic shock']

entities_list: @entity1457 :: ('MESH:D012769', 'Disease') :: ['endotoxemic shock']

entities_list: @entity3542 :: ('CHEBI:16301', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrite']

entities_list: @entity1507 :: ('CHEBI:48107', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrate']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrocortisone']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

answer: @entity14463 :: (397086(Tax:9823),Gene) :: ['TNF-a']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The aim of this work was to determine whether @entity25249 positron emission tomography (PET)-computed tomography (CT) makes a positive contribution to multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for localisation of intraprostatic @entity5 nodules. @entity1 AND METHODS: A total of 73 @entity1 with biopsy-proven intermediate- and high-risk @entity263 were enrolled in a prospective imaging study consisting of T2-weighted (T2w), dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) and diffusion-weighted (DW) MRI and @entity25249 PET-CT before radical prostatectomy. Cancerous regions were delineated on the whole-mount prostatectomy sections and on the different MRI modalities and analysed in 24 segments per @entity1 (3 sections, 8 segments each). To analyse PET-CT images, standardized uptake values (SUV) were calculated per segment. RESULTS: In total, 1,752 segments were analyzed of which 708 (40.4%) were found to be malignant. A high specificity (94.7, 93.6 and 92.2%) but relatively low sensitivity (31.2, 24.9 and 44.1%) for @entity5 localisation was obtained with T2w, DCE and DW MRI, respectively. Sensitivity values significantly increased when combining all MRI modalities (57.2%). For PET-CT, mean SUVmax of malignant octants was significantly higher than mean SUVmax of benign octants (3.68  1.30 vs. 3.12  1.02, p<0.0001). In terms of accuracy, the benefit of adding PET-CT to (multiparametric) MRI was less than 1%. CONCLUSION: The additional value of @entity25249 PET-CT to MRI in localising intraprostatic @entity5 nodules is limited, especially when multiparametric MRI is used.

title: Does @entity25249 PET-CT contribute to multiparametric MRI for XXXX localisation?

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate cancer']