abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of long-term-intravenous infusion of @entity4770 on exercise capacity, hemodynamics, and survival in @entity1 with @entity120 . DESIGN: Open, multicenter, uncontrolled trial. SETTING: Four referral centers. @entity1 : 18 @entity1 with @entity120 : 1 @entity299 ( @entity299 ) class II @entity1 , 13 @entity299 class III @entity1 , and 4 @entity299 class IV @entity1 . INTERVENTIONS: Continuous intravenous @entity4770 administered by portable infusion pumps. All @entity1 were treated with anticoagulant agents. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: With the 6-minute walk used to evaluate exercise capacity, @entity1 could walk on average more than 100 meters farther after @entity4770 therapy was initiated (distance at 6 months, 370 +/- 119 meters compared with 264 +/- 160 meters at baseline; P < 0.001; distance at 18 months, 408 +/- 138 meters; P = 0.02 compared with baseline). Hemodynamics were improved at 6 months: The cardiac index increased 18% (95% CI, 0.1% to 36.7%; P = 0.02), and mean pulmonary artery pressure and total pulmonary resistance decreased 9% (CI, 1.4% to 15.7%; P = 0.03) and 26% (CI, 6.1% to 46.3%; P = 0.02), respectively, compared with baseline. The improvements in cardiac index and total pulmonary resistance were maintained at 12 months (27% increase [CI, 1.3% to 51.9%; P = 0.05] and 32% decrease [CI, 9.7% to 53.6%; P = 0.02] compared with baseline, respectively). Survival was improved in @entity299 class III and IV @entity1 who received continuous @entity4770 (n = 17; follow-up, 37 to 69 months) when compared with historical controls who received standard therapy (National Institutes of Health @entity120 Registry, n = 31, P = 0.045). Kaplan-Meier estimates of 1-, 2-, and 3-year survival rates for the @entity1 treated with @entity4770 were 86.9%, 72.4%, and 63.3%, respectively, compared with 77.4%, 51.6%, and 40.6% for the historical control group (hazard ratio, 2.9 [CI, 1.0 to 8.0; P = 0.045]). Serious complications attributable to the drug and delivery system included two @entity204 and seven episodes of @entity295 in three @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Continuous intravenous @entity4770 resulted in sustained clinical and hemodynamic improvement and probably in improved survival in @entity1 with severe @entity120 . Despite potentially serious complications, long-term @entity4770 may be especially helpful in seriously ill @entity1 awaiting transplantation.

title: Survival in @entity120 with long-term continuous intravenous XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['nonfatal sepsis']

entities_list: @entity120 :: ('MESH:D006976', 'Disease') :: ['Primary Pulmonary Hypertension', 'primary pulmonary hypertension']

entities_list: @entity4770 :: ('MESH:D011464', 'Chemical') :: ['prostacyclin']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['New York Heart Association', 'NYHA']

answer: @entity4770 :: (MESH:D011464,Chemical) :: ['prostacyclin']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Small-diameter synthetic vascular grafts have high failure rate due to primarily surface thrombogenicity, and effective surface chemical modification is critical to maintain the patency of the grafts. In this study, we engineered a small-diameter, elastic synthetic vascular graft with off-the-shelf availability and anti-thrombogenic activity. @entity6027 - @entity4774 (PCU), was electrospun to produce nanofibrous grafts that closely mimicked a native blood vessel in terms of structural and mechanical strength. To overcome the difficulty of adding functional groups to PCU, we explored various surface modification methods, and determined that plasma treatment was the most effective method to modify the graft surface with functional @entity4976 groups, which were subsequently employed to conjugate heparin via end-point immobilization. In addition, we confirmed in vitro that the combination of plasma treatment and end-point immobilization of heparin exhibited the highest surface density and correspondingly the highest anti-thrombogenic activity of heparin molecules. Furthermore, from an in vivo study using a @entity35 common carotid artery @entity254 model, we showed that plasma-heparin grafts had higher patency rate at 2 weeks and 4 weeks compared to plasma-control (untreated) grafts. More importantly, we observed a more complete endothelialization of the luminal surface with an aligned, well-organized monolayer of endothelial cells, as well as more extensive graft integration in terms of vascularization and cell infiltration from the surrounding tissue. This work demonstrates the feasibility of electrospinning PCU as synthetic elastic material to fabricate nanofibrous vascular grafts, as well as the potential to endow desired functionalization to the graft surface via plasma treatment for the conjugation of heparin or other bioactive molecules. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: @entity432 remains the leading cause of death all over the world, despite advances made in balloon angioplasty and conventional surgical intervention.Currently, autografts are the gold-standard grafts used to treat @entity432 . However, many @entity1 with @entity432 do not have autologous vascular graft available. Therefore, there is a widely recognized need for a readily available, functional, small-diameter vascular graft (inner diameter of <6mm). This work addresses this critical need by developing a method of antithrombogenic modification of synthetic grafts.

title: End-Point Immobilization of Heparin on Plasma-Treated Surface of Electrospun XXXX - @entity4774 Vascular Graft.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6027 :: ('CHEBI:61433', 'Chemical') :: ['Polycarbonate']

entities_list: @entity4774 :: ('MESH:D014520', 'Chemical') :: ['urethane']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['vascular occlusive disease', 'Vascular occlusion']

answer: @entity6027 :: (CHEBI:61433,Chemical) :: ['Polycarbonate']


abstract: PURPOSE: Although a variety of @entity5 are susceptible to therapy with @entity5 sensitivity to these viruses are poorly understood. @entity22633 is a cell surface adhesion molecule that is a component of intercellular adherens junctions and also functions as a herpes viral receptor. Because highly invasive cells may have decreased intercellular adhesion, we sought to determine if such cells might also have altered availability of cell surface @entity22633 to act as a herpes receptor. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN AND RESULTS: A series of @entity957 lines of increasing migratory and invasive potential, termed MG1- @entity55733 , were selected by serial passages of @entity19 @entity59371 through Matrigel invasion chambers. Available cell surface @entity22633 was enhanced on the MG11 and @entity55733 cell lines in comparison to @entity59371 as measured by cellular ELISA and immunofluorescence microscopy. A replication-competent, oncolytic herpes virus (NV1023) showed an increased ability to enter MG11 and @entity55733 cells as compared with @entity59371 cells. Furthermore, MG11 and @entity55733 supported increased herpes viral replication and @entity137 over @entity59371 . For all three of the cell lines, viral entry assays revealed that the actively migrating cells were significantly more susceptible to herpes infection than the nonmigrating cells. CONCLUSIONS: These results show that malignant cells with highly migratory and invasive properties may exhibit increased cell surface @entity22633 availability, which may serve as a herpes viral receptor to enhance the efficacy of herpes oncolytic therapy. This finding has implications regarding @entity1 selection for future clinical trials using these promising therapeutic vectors.

title: Enhanced XXXX expression and herpes oncolytic sensitivity in highly migratory and invasive carcinoma.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['oncolytic herpes simplex viruses, the determinants of tumor', 'malignant tumors']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma']

answer: @entity22633 :: (5818,Gene) :: ['nectin-1']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1117 ( @entity1117 ) is a rare inherited primary @entity465 that affects phagocytic cells. @entity1117 @entity1 are susceptible to @entity364 , especially @entity281 . The management of life-threatening @entity281 in @entity1117 is particularly difficult because some infections cannot be eradicated with standard antifungal treatments and, hence, result in @entity204 . CASE REPORT: A 2-week-old @entity1 developed invasive @entity57 , which rapidly progressed to @entity1576 . Liposomal @entity2379 , @entity1331 , and @entity5074 were not effective. At the age of 2 months, she was diagnosed with @entity20994 -deficient @entity1117 . In addition to antifungal treatment, the @entity1 received 21 granulocyte transfusions (GTX), which were obtained from 300- or 400-mL whole blood samples from healthy random donors who were not treated with granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor or @entity619 . The median neutrophil count of the GTX was 1.88       10(8) /kg body weight. Rituximab was administered to reduce alloimmunization to human leukocyte antigens (HLA) after the eighth GTX, resulting in their absence of anti-HLA before and after cord blood transplantation (CBT). A marked improvement in her invasive @entity57 was achieved, although the first CBT was rejected. Complete hematopoietic recovery was obtained after the second CBT. CONCLUSION: Repeated GTX containing relatively low doses of neutrophils might be able to control severe @entity281 in @entity1 with @entity1117 .

title: Successful cord blood transplantation after repeated transfusions of unmobilized neutrophils in addition to antifungal treatment in an XXXX with chronic granulomatous disease complicated by invasive @entity57 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['girl', 'patients', 'patient', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity1331 :: ('MESH:C121905', 'Chemical') :: ['micafungin']

entities_list: @entity57 :: ('MESH:D055732', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary aspergillosis']

entities_list: @entity2379 :: ('MESH:D000666', 'Chemical') :: ['amphotericin B']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['Aspergillus infections']

entities_list: @entity465 :: ('MESH:D007153', 'Disease') :: ['immunodeficiency']

entities_list: @entity364 :: ('MESH:D009181', 'Disease') :: ['fungal infections']

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['dexamethasone']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory failure']

entities_list: @entity5074 :: ('MESH:C102790', 'Chemical') :: ['voriconazole']

entities_list: @entity1117 :: ('MESH:D006105', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic granulomatous disease', 'CGD']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['infant']


abstract: @entity2951 is a well-known component of red pepper. Recent studies have shown that @entity2951 could prevent @entity2275 provoked by various NSAID-s like @entity117 ( @entity1281 ). Primary objective of this @entity1 clinical phase I trial was to investigate whether two different doses of @entity2951 co-administered with @entity1281 could alter the inhibitory effect of @entity1281 on @entity1423 . 15 healthy male subjects were involved in the study and treated orally with 400  g @entity2951 , 800  g @entity2951 , 500 mg @entity1281 , 400  g @entity2951 +500 mg @entity1281 and 800  g @entity2951 +500 mg @entity1281 . Blood was drawn before and 1, 2, 6 and 24 hours after the drug administration. After that @entity1425 induced @entity1423 was measured by optical aggregometry. Between treatments, volunteers had a 6-day wash-out period. Our results showed that @entity2951 had no effect on @entity1423 , while as expected, @entity1281 monotherapy resulted in a significant and clinically effective @entity1423 inhibition (p  <= 0.001). The combined ASA-capsaicin therapies reached equivalent effectiveness in @entity1423 inhibition as @entity1281 monotherapy. Our investigation proved that @entity2951 did not influence the inhibitory effect of @entity1281 on @entity1423 , thus the capsaicin-ASA treatment would combine the antiplatelet effect of @entity1281 with the possible gastroprotection of @entity2951 .

title: Orally given gastroprotective @entity2951 does not modify XXXX -induced @entity1423 in healthy male volunteers ( @entity1 phase I examination).

entities_list: @entity2951 :: ('MESH:D002211', 'Chemical') :: ['Capsaicin', 'capsaicin']

entities_list: @entity1423 :: ('MESH:D001791', 'Disease') :: ['platelet aggregation']

entities_list: @entity1425 :: ('MESH:D004837', 'Chemical') :: ['epinephrine']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylsalicylic acid']

entities_list: @entity2275 :: ('MESH:D013276', 'Disease') :: ['gastric ulcer']

answer: @entity117 :: (MESH:D001241,Chemical) :: ['aspirin']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We compared three primary outcomes of pausing the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan, emergence quality and @entity1576 . AIM: To measure and compare the quality between @entity2614 and @entity1875 in @entity1 undergoing MRI scans. BACKGROUND: No randomized controlled trial exists comparing the quality between @entity2614 and @entity1875 for MRI. METHODS/MATERIALS: Two hundred unpremedicated @entity1 (18 months to 7 years) scheduled for brain MRI scans were recruited. After induction with @entity2614 , @entity1 were randomized to receive @entity2614 [general anesthesia with @entity2614 (GAS)] via laryngeal mask airway (LMA) or @entity1875 [general anesthesia with @entity1875 (GAP)] bolus and infusion for their scan. The three primary outcomes of pausing the MRI scan (P), @entity2146 (A), and @entity1576 (R) were compared. Timeliness of care was also measured. RESULTS: No MRI scan pauses were found in 92% and 80% in the GAS and GAP groups. The median and interquartile A scores were 3 (0, 7) in GAS and 0 (0, 4) in GAP groups respectively. There was no difference in @entity1576 between GAS and GAP (P = 0.62). The median and interquartile postanesthesia care unit (PACU) times were 25 (18, 34) for GAS and 31 (25, 44) for GAP (P = 0.0001). The median and interquartile total times were 78 (69, 90) for GAS and 88 (78, 100) for GAP (P = 0.0002). CONCLUSION: Our study compared the three primary outcomes of pausing, @entity2146 , and @entity1576 between the two groups, and we found no difference in @entity1576 . However, the GAP group had more pausing and less @entity2146 than the GAS group.

title: A randomized trial comparing @entity2614 and XXXX in @entity1 undergoing MRI scans.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity2146 :: ('MESH:D011595', 'Disease') :: ['agitation']

entities_list: @entity1875 :: ('MESH:D015742', 'Chemical') :: ['propofol']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory complications']

entities_list: @entity2614 :: ('MESH:C009250', 'Chemical') :: ['sevoflurane']

answer: @entity1875 :: (MESH:D015742,Chemical) :: ['propofol']


abstract: Since 1996, our standard immunosuppressive protocol for simultaneous kidney-pancreas transplantation (SKPT) has been @entity1140 ( @entity11636 ), @entity618 ( @entity2098 ) and @entity230 without antibody induction. When basiliximab and daclizumab, monoclonal antibodies directed against the @entity2902 ( @entity2902 ), became available, we selectively added these agents to our standard protocol. The purpose of this prospective, open-label study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of @entity3647 antagonists in SKPT. From April 1998 to August 1999, 35 SKPTS were performed. One @entity1 with delayed graft function received Thymoglobulin and was excluded; 17 received no induction, and 17 received @entity2902 antagonists (9 basiliximab, 8 daclizumab) as induction. Demographic- and transplant characteristics were similar between the two groups. At 6 months, @entity1 survival was 88 % (15/17) in the induction arm compared to 100 % (17/17) in the no-induction arm, P = NS. The 2 causes of @entity204 were @entity295 and @entity1381 , and both @entity1 died with functioning grafts. @entity204 and kidney graft survival rates in the induction and the no-induction groups were 88 % vs. 100 % respectively, in both groups. The incidence of acute rejection (kidney or pancreas) at 6 months did not differ between the two groups (35 % in both groups). Biopsy proven pancreas and kidney acute rejections were 35 % vs. 24 % and 12 % vs. 12 % in the induction- and no-induction groups, respectively. The incidences of @entity281 and readmission did not differ between groups. @entity11636 trough levels and mean daily doses of @entity11636 , @entity2098 and @entity230 did not differ between the two groups at 1, 3, and 6 months. The incidence of event-free survival (no @entity204 , rejection, or graft loss) at 6 months was 59 % (10/17) in the induction and 65 % (11/17) in the no-induction group. Basiliximab and daclizumab appear to be safe in SKPT. However, the preliminary results of this study do not demonstrate a significant benefit in either reducing the incidence of acute rejection or improving outcomes at 6 months. Larger studies with longer follow-up are needed to confirm these findings.

title: Initial clinical experience with @entity2902 antagonist induction in combination with XXXX , @entity618 and @entity230 in simultaneous kidney-pancreas transplantation.

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1381 :: ('MESH:D006463', 'Disease') :: ['hemolytic uremic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['major infection']

entities_list: @entity618 :: ('MESH:C063008', 'Chemical') :: ['mycophenolate mofetil']

entities_list: @entity1140 :: ('MESH:D016559', 'Chemical') :: ['tacrolimus']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['Death-censored pancreas', 'death']

entities_list: @entity2902 :: ('3559', 'Gene') :: ['interleukin-2 receptor', 'IL-2R']

answer: @entity1140 :: (MESH:D016559,Chemical) :: ['tacrolimus']


abstract: Patch angioplasty during carotid endarterectomy (CEA) has been shown to reduce the incidence of both early and late complications. Controversy continues, however, over the ideal patch material. @entity291 pericardium (Vascu-Guard Biovascular Inc., Saint Paul, MN) offers an attractive alternative to other patch materials because of its handling and suturing characteristics that are similar to that of autogenous material. This study examines the perioperative and midterm results of @entity291 pericardial patch angioplasty during CEA. We studied 112 @entity1 who underwent 129 CEAs with @entity291 pericardial patch angioplasty during an 18-month period. Data were collected regarding demographics, operative indications, perioperative complications, and the occurrence of late adverse outcomes based primarily on follow-up arterial duplex studies. Among this group there were 63 male (56%) and 49 female (44%) @entity1 whose mean age was 71.8 +/- 9.1 years. In these @entity1 there was the typical distribution of @entity731 risk factors. Seventy-four @entity1 (66%) had symptomatic disease preoperatively and the remaining 38 @entity1 (34%) were asymptomatic. Temporary @entity129 occurred in three @entity1 (2%). There were no perioperative @entity64 , @entity432 , @entity548 episodes requiring reoperation, or @entity204 . The @entity1 were followed up to 54 months postoperatively with a mean follow-up time of 41.7 +/- 4.4 months. During this period two @entity1 (2%) developed three significant restenoses (70-99%). All required reoperation. There were no asymptomatic occlusions, @entity281 , @entity439 , or @entity397 . These data demonstrate that @entity291 pericardial patch angioplasty during CEA is associated with a low incidence of both perioperative and midterm adverse outcomes.

title: XXXX pericardial patch angioplasty in carotid endarterectomy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity129 :: ('MESH:D003389', 'Disease') :: ['cranial nerve palsy']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['strokes']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['acute occlusions']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerotic']

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['Bovine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity439 repair (EVAR) is still now a controversial technique, which remains the subject of a number of prospective randomised trials. Although questions remain regarding its long-term durability, objective evidence exists which demonstrates its reduced physiological impact compared with conventional open repair, especially for older population and for the concomitant treatment of @entity1028 ( @entity1028 ) and abdominal neoplas, such as @entity5 ( @entity5 ). In these @entity1 it may reduce the high perioperative mortality. @entity1 AND METHODS: @entity1028 and @entity188 are occasionally discovered concurrently. Simultaneous operative treatment may be in these cases an effective management strategy, alternative to a staged procedure. The medical record of three consecutive @entity1 undergoing mini-invasive colectomy for @entity5 and @entity1028 repair were reviewed. Data collected included mode of presentation, preoperative evaluation, colo-rectal pathology and in-hospital morbidity and mortality. Long term follow-up was obtained through office records and telephone contact. RESULTS: In one @entity1 a asymptomatic colo-rectal mass was identified in the course of CT-scan evaluation for @entity1028 ; in the other two @entity1 @entity1028 was discovered during CT-scan oncological evaluation for symptomatic @entity5 . All @entity1 underwent successfully concomitant repair of @entity1028 and @entity5 by means of EVAR procedure and mini-invasive colo-rectal resection. Pathology revealed @entity420 in all three cases. Perioperative follow-up revealed @entity260 . Two years follow-up showed no cases of graft infection, and no interference of vascular procedure on oncological course of the colo-rectal @entity5 .

title: One-step mini-invasive treatment of abdominal aortic-iliac @entity439 associated with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['CRC', 'cancer', 'colo-rectal cancer', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['minor postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinomas']

entities_list: @entity188 :: ('MESH:D012004', 'Disease') :: ['colo-rectal neoplasm']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['Endovascular aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity1028 :: ('MESH:D017544', 'Disease') :: ['Abdominal aortic aneurysm', 'aortic abdominal aneurysm', 'abdominal aortic aneurysm', 'AAA']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['colo-rectal cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: There is evidence that @entity910 are more aware of the benefits of psychotropic treatment than are members of the general public, and that the more knowledge students acquire about psychiatry and pharmacology, the more favorable their attitudes become towards psychotropic drugs and other treatments. OBJECTIVES: This study among students investigates the relationship between certain aspects of personality and attitudes towards advising adolescents with psychosocial problems about the use of psychotropic medication. METHODS: Two groups of healthcare students were recruited from universities in Eastern France. 41 fourth-year @entity910 ( @entity910 ) who had completed their psychiatry course, and 76 third-year @entity458 ( @entity458 ) in the faculty of @entity1 sciences. Respondents completed a self-administered instrument (20 brief case studies, and a personality inventory) at the end of a lecture. Participation was voluntary and unpaid. RESULTS: @entity910 would recommend psychotropic drugs in 40% of the 20 cases, @entity458 in 27%. @entity910 who would prescribe psychotropic medication differed in personality profile from @entity458 . @entity910 with a tendency to experience anger and related states such as frustration, and who did not see fulfilling moral obligations as important were more likely to prescribe psychotropic drugs. Also more likely to recommend psychotropic drugs, but for different reasons, were @entity458 who were susceptible to stress but not shy or socially anxious, who showed friendliness but little interest in others, and who lacked distance in their decision-making. CONCLUSION: Health promotion is not simply a matter of educating those young @entity1 who take psychotropic drugs - health professionals must also question the criteria that inform their decisions. It is as important to investigate the attitudes of the future health professionals (advisers or prescribers) as it is to focus on consumer-related issues.

title: Advising adolescents on the use of psychotropic medication: attitudes among medical and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'people']

entities_list: @entity910 :: ('MESH:D004409', 'Disease') :: ['MS', 'medical students']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['psychology students', 'PS']

answer: @entity458 :: (MESH:D020018,Disease) :: ['psychology students']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity9338 (LLP) are separate uncommon disorders belonging to linear inflammatory dermatoses. The immunotyping of inflammatory cells has been investigated in @entity3854 and lichen planus (LP), but epidermal proliferation and differentiation have little been described in @entity3854 and LLP. METHODS: The clinical and pathological data of eight @entity1 with @entity3854 and seven with LLP were retrospectively collected. Immunotyping of infiltrated cells and expression of Ki-67, @entity10773 , involucrin, and filaggrin were stained by immunohistochemistry in @entity272 of these @entity1 and normal skin of eight healthy controls. RESULTS: Dermal infiltrates contained primarily CD3+ and @entity469 + cells in three groups. @entity404 + cells were predominantly located in the perivascular area, while @entity405 + cells were frequently close to the junctional zone. Compared with control skin, epidermal and dermal @entity4896 + cells, and dermal CD3+, @entity404 +, @entity405 +, and @entity469 + cells were increased in @entity3854 and LLP (P < 0.05), while Ki-67+ cells were significantly high in LLP (P < 0.05) but not in @entity3854 . @entity10773 and involucrin expression in LLP were more extensive than in @entity3854 , and filaggrin expression was similar between both entities. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that the predominance of @entity405 + cells and increased epidermal proliferation and abnormal keratinization are present in both dermatoses, although the levels of the above indexes are mild in @entity3854 as compared to LLP. These two entities might be due to the interaction of infiltrated cells and keratinocytes, and @entity405 + cells could play a pivotal role in their pathogenesis.

title: XXXX : a comparison of clinicopathological features, immunoprofile of infiltrated cells, and epidermal proliferation and differentiation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity9338 :: ('MESH:D008010', 'Disease') :: ['Lichen striatus (LS) and linear lichen planus']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin lesions']

answer: @entity9338 :: (MESH:D008010,Disease) :: ['Lichen striatus versus linear lichen planus']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The congenitally @entity4503 is the most common etiologic factor associated with clinically significant @entity337 in pediatric @entity1 . Beyond infancy, surgical intervention typically involves valve repair with cusp thinning and commissurotomy or valve replacement, primarily with pulmonary autograft in the current era. An aortic valve repair technique using tricuspidization with cusp extension was introduced in 1999. This study compares the midterm clinical outcome in @entity1 undergoing valve repair by tricuspidization with cusp extension with those receiving a pulmonary autograft (Ross). METHODS: A retrospective study was performed on all consecutive @entity1 with symptomatic @entity4503 who underwent tricuspidization with cusp extension or a Ross procedure between 1999 and 2005. In both groups, all @entity1 were at least 1 year of age at time of the operation. RESULTS: During this period, 21 @entity1 (median age 12.6 years, range 2.6-18 years) underwent tricuspidization with cusp extension ( @entity4966 group) and 25 @entity1 (median age 10.2 years, range 11.5 months-20.1 years) underwent the Ross procedure. @entity661 was performed in 5 (24%) of the @entity1 in the @entity4966 group and 16 (64%) of the @entity1 in the Ross group. Prior surgical commissurotomy was performed in 4 (19%) @entity4966 @entity1 and in 9 (36%) Ross @entity1 . During a median follow-up period of 36.4 months (range 2.5 months-7.4 years), 2 (10%) @entity1 in the @entity4966 group required valve-preserving early revision of the repair, 2 (10%) @entity4966 @entity1 required subsequent aortic valve replacement at 16 and 33 months, 1 (4%) Ross @entity1 required subsequent valve repair at 5 years, and 1 (4%) Ross @entity1 underwent cardiac transplantation at 46 months. At 36 months, the actuarial freedom from reintervention on the aortic valve or autograft was 90% in the @entity4966 group, with 11 @entity1 at risk, and 100% in Ross @entity1 , with 13 @entity1 at risk (P = .39); the freedom from moderate @entity340 or reintervention was 66% for @entity4966 @entity1 and 95% for Ross @entity1 (P = .07). There were no deaths, and all but 1 Ross @entity1 remain in New York Heart Association class I. CONCLUSIONS: Reintervention rates in @entity1 undergoing tricuspidization with cusp extension or a primary Ross procedure are similar. Valve performance in the @entity4966 group is satisfactory at midterm follow-up, but the Ross repair appears to provide greater stability of valve function. These results suggest that repair with valve tricuspidization and cusp extension provides reliable palliation of the symptomatic @entity4503 .

title: Surgical strategy for the XXXX : tricuspidization with cusp extension versus pulmonary autograft.

entities_list: @entity4503 :: ('MESH:C562388', 'Disease') :: ['bicuspid aortic valve disease', 'bicuspid aortic valve']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity337 :: ('MESH:D001022', 'Disease') :: ['aortic stenosis and/or regurgitation']

entities_list: @entity661 :: ('MESH:D054549', 'Disease') :: ['Prior balloon valvuloplasty']

entities_list: @entity340 :: ('MESH:D006349', 'Disease') :: ['valve dysfunction']

answer: @entity4503 :: (MESH:C562388,Disease) :: ['bicuspid aortic valve']


abstract: This study prospectively explores relations of usual @entity167 intake in a Northern California population of 128,934 @entity1 to risk of subsequent @entity204 . Of 385 such deaths during the 8-year study period, 88 were due to @entity64 ( @entity64 ), 106 to suicide, 52 to homicide, and 139 to miscellaneous other unnatural causes. Comparisons of ex-drinkers and 5 levels of current drinkers to lifelong abstainers were studied by Cox proportional hazards models with 9 covariates. In adjusted analyses, @entity1 reporting intake of 6 or more drinks daily were at greatly increased risk of @entity204 from suicide (6 times) and homicide (7 times), and at moderately increased risk of @entity204 from @entity64 (2 times). Lighter and ex-drinkers were not at significantly increased risk for all unnatural deaths or any of its subsets. Among @entity1 reporting 6 or more drinks/day, @entity1 and @entity1 below 50 years of age were at especially high risk, but Blacks and Whites were at similar risk. @entity1 who usually drank liquor or wine were at greater risk for @entity64 than those who usually drank beer; beverage choice was unrelated to the other causes of @entity204 . Among other covariates, @entity1 and not married @entity1 were at higher risk and college graduates at lower risk, for each cause of @entity204 . The only major racial difference was a lower risk of suicide for Blacks (versus Whites). These data provide considerable detail about usual @entity167 use and risk of @entity204 . They point to special need for preventive efforts among younger @entity1 and @entity1 , with particular attention to suicide and homicide.

title: @entity167 use, other traits, and risk of XXXX : a prospective study.

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Persons', 'women', 'persons', 'men']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['unnatural death', 'death']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['MVAs', 'motor vehicle accidents']

answer: @entity204 :: (MESH:D003643,Disease) :: ['unnatural death']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity12120 , is a precancerous lesion that is most commonly encountered in the oral cavity. The grade of @entity1141 is presumed to be the most important indicator of malignant potential. There are many promising aspects in advanced methods for the evaluation of oral precancer and @entity5 . Among these methods, electron microscopic examination predicts the true biologic potential more accurately than conventional histology and has some success in the early detection of potentially malignant lesions. It has been reported in the literature that there is some correlation between clinical, histopathological, and transmission electron microscopic features. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this cohort study (prospective research), from the total of 9 subjects, 3 had homogenous @entity12120 , 3 had @entity9645 , and 3 had nodular type of @entity8407 . Two @entity1 were selected as control @entity1 . Transmission electron microscopic examination was carried for all the cases and controls. All the findings were correlated with clinical features and light microscopy. RESULTS: Clinically and histologically, mild @entity12120 showed break in basement membrane, which can only be observed under transmission electron microscope (TEM). @entity154 were observed under transmission electron microscope, which are indicative of @entity5 . CONCLUSIONS: Thus, it is finally concluded that nodular @entity12120 seems to be the most severe clinical type of @entity12120 showing highest risk of malignant transformation. @entity12120 might show break in basement membrane under TEM.

title: XXXX : Transmission electron microscopic correlation with clinical types and light microscopy.

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['Additional dysplastic features']

entities_list: @entity8407 :: ('MESH:D007972', 'Disease') :: ['oral leukoplakia']

entities_list: @entity9645 :: ('MESH:D019226', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative type of oral leukoplakia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplastic process', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity12120 :: ('MESH:D007971', 'Disease') :: ['Homogenous leukoplakia', 'leukoplakia', 'Leukoplakia']

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['dysplasia']

answer: @entity8407 :: (MESH:D007972,Disease) :: ['Oral leukoplakia']


abstract: Thirty-five biochemical parameters were investigated in 144 clinically healthy @entity1237 throughout the seasons of the year from March 1984 to April 1986. The average values and standard deviations of the investigated parameters of metabolic profile which are presented in this paper were obtained from examinations performed throughout the whole period of investigation. The average values of biochemical parameters are presented in Tabs. I and II. Our study of the values of the given parameters in the large-scale breeding of @entity1237 throughout the seasons of the year did not show a clear seasonal dependence of any of the investigated parameters with the exception of @entity904 and @entity2066 contents. The average values and standard deviations of @entity904 and @entity2066 contents recorded throughout the year seasons are shown in Tab. III. Based on the average, and also individual values, it can be seen that the lowest levels of @entity904 were recorded at the beginning of the spring season (before the @entity1237 began to graze). In the winter seasons of 1984 and 1985 there were only traces of @entity2066 in the blood serum. A relatively great variance of the values mentioned by different authors demonstrates their great variability, which is influenced particularly by different environmental conditions, various methods of investigation, different nutrition and exploitation of the animals.

title: [Metabolic indicators in large-scale breeding of XXXX during various seasons].

entities_list: @entity2066 :: ('MESH:D019207', 'Chemical') :: ['beta-carotene']

entities_list: @entity904 :: ('MESH:D014801', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin A']

answer: @entity1237 :: (9925,Species) :: ['goats']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to investigate the mechanism and the effectiveness of ablation of @entity591 ( @entity591 ) recurring after @entity955 ( @entity955 ) ablation in @entity1 with @entity340 ( @entity340 ) and mitral valve prosthesis. METHODS: Twenty-eight consecutive @entity1 with @entity340 and mitral valve prosthesis and a 1:2 matched control group (n   =   56) without @entity340 underwent reablation for recurrent @entity591 after catheter ablation of long-standing persistent @entity955 . RESULTS: Macro- or localized reentrant ATs were identified in 47 (87 %) of 54 ATs from @entity340 group and in 65 (78.3 %) of 83 ATs from control. There were more average ATs per @entity1 in the @entity340 group than in the control (1.9        0.6 vs.1.5        0.6, P   =   0.002). The proportion of @entity1 having >= 2 ATs was significantly higher in the @entity340 group than in the control (78.6 vs.41.1 %, P   =   0.001). In the @entity340 group, ATs were successfully ablated in 44 (81.5 %) of 54 ATs and terminated in 18 (64.3 %) of 28 @entity1 . In the control, ATs were successfully ablated in 72 (86.7 %) of 83 ATs and terminated in 45 (80.4 %) of 56 @entity1 , P   =   0.54 and 0.10, respectively. After a mean follow-up of 13 months, 16 @entity1 (57.1 %) from the @entity340 group and 45 @entity1 (80.4 %) from the control were free of further recurrence, P   =   0.02. CONCLUSIONS: Macro- or localized reentries were the predominant type of recurrent @entity591 after long-standing persistent @entity955 ablation in both the @entity340 and the control groups. Compared with @entity1 without @entity340 , @entity1 with @entity340 had more average number of ATs and had higher probability of further recurrence despite the similar acute effectiveness of reablation.

title: Ablation of XXXX occurring after catheter ablation of @entity955 in @entity1 with corrected rheumatic valve disease.

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['atrial tachycardia', 'AT']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity340 :: ('MESH:D006349', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatic valvular disease', 'RVD']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation', 'AF']

answer: @entity591 :: (MESH:D013610,Disease) :: ['atrial tachycardia']


abstract: The mosquitocidal crystal protein, Cry19Aa, from @entity11137 ssp. jegathesan, has high @entity137 to Anopheles stephensi and @entity10722 but is less toxic to @entity4224 . To study the functional role of putative domain II and surface residues in mosquito @entity137 , 16 @entity493 substitution mutations were introduced into Cry19Aa. All mutant constructs were expressed as 65-kDa protoxins and subsequently digested by trypsin to produce further fragmented polypeptides of 40 and 25 kDa. With chymotrypsin, however, most protoxins were digested to 60 kDa and minor bands. The circular dichroism spectra of the chymotrypsin-activated toxins of Cry19Aa and muteins, @entity57311 , W357A, @entity57312 , @entity57313 , W416A, @entity57314 and @entity57315 indicated that there was no significant variation in their structure. In mosquito bioassays, @entity57311 , W357A, @entity57316 , W416A, @entity57314 and @entity57315 muteins showed substantial reductions in mosquitocidal activity toward A. aegypti and @entity10722 . These muteins also showed reduced competition with wild-type @entity2823 -labeled Cry19Aa for binding to @entity10722 brush border membrane vesicles. These data suggest that the reduction of @entity137 was a result of the reduced binding affinity. From these studies we have identified loop residues of domain II that are important in @entity137 and receptor binding to Culex larval midgut.

title: Mutagenic analysis of putative domain II and surface residues in mosquitocidal XXXX Cry19Aa toxin.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity4224 :: ('7159', 'Species') :: ['Aedes aegypti']

entities_list: @entity11137 :: ('1428', 'Species') :: ['Bacillus thuringiensis']

entities_list: @entity10722 :: ('7175', 'Species') :: ['C. pipiens', 'Culex pipiens']

entities_list: @entity2823 :: ('MESH:D016650', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorescein 5-isothiocyanate']

entities_list: @entity493 :: ('CHEBI:16449', 'Chemical') :: ['alanine']

answer: @entity11137 :: (1428,Species) :: ['Bacillus thuringiensis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study in renal transplant recipients was to compare a @entity1140 plus @entity618 ( @entity2098 ) immunosuppressive regimen with a combination of low dose of @entity205 and @entity2239 . @entity1 AND METHODS: Sixty consecutive @entity1 were prospectively assigned to receive @entity1140 and @entity2098 (TAC; n = 30) or @entity2239 and low-dose @entity205 (EVL; n = 30). @entity1140 was dosed seeking a trough blood level of 8 to 10 ng/mL by month 3 and 5 to 8 ng/mL thereafter. @entity2239 was dosed seeking a trough blood level of 3 to 8 ng/mL by day 7. @entity205 was dosed aiming at a C2 blood level of 350 to 700 ng/mL in the first week and 150 to 400 ng/mL thereafter. All @entity1 received induction with basiliximab and maintenance treatment with @entity288 . RESULTS: At 6-months follow-up, @entity1 survival rates (TAC 100% vs EVL 100%) and graft survival rates (TAC 96.7% vs EVL 93.3%) were not significantly different between the groups. @entity1 in the EVL group showed more acute rejection episodes, but serum @entity1011 concentrations and @entity1011 clearances were not significantly different from the TAC group. Among the observed side effects, @entity1007 was significantly higher in the EVL group (total @entity165 : @entity11636 206 +/- 38 vs EVL 250 +/- 55 mg/dL; P < .003). CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that the immunosuppressive association of @entity1140 and @entity2098 produced similar acute rejection episodes, graft survivals, and renal function at 6 months after renal transplantation compared with an immunosuppressive combination of @entity2239 and low-dose @entity205 . @entity2299 was significantly greater among @entity1 who received @entity2239 .

title: Prospective clinical trial comparing two immunosuppressive regimens, @entity1140 and XXXX versus @entity2239 and low-dose @entity205 , in de novo renal transplant recipients: results at 6 months follow-up.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1007 :: ('MESH:D006937', 'Disease') :: ['hypercholesterolemia']

entities_list: @entity2299 :: ('MESH:D050171', 'Disease') :: ['Dyslipidemia']

entities_list: @entity2239 :: ('MESH:C107135', 'Chemical') :: ['Everolimus', 'everolimus']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['Cyclosporine', 'cyclosporine']

entities_list: @entity618 :: ('MESH:C063008', 'Chemical') :: ['mycophenolate mofetil']

entities_list: @entity1140 :: ('MESH:D016559', 'Chemical') :: ['Tacrolimus', 'tacrolimus']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity618 :: (MESH:C063008,Chemical) :: ['mycophenolate mofetil']


abstract: PURPOSE: To compare the midterm results of aortoiliac stent (AIS) placement with those of surgical treatment in @entity1 with chronic @entity432 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Midterm outcomes in @entity1 treated at a single center from 2005 to 2010 were retrospectively reviewed. Correlations between baseline clinical factors and midterm outcomes were assessed. RESULTS: The technical success rate was significantly lower in the AIS group than in the surgery group (83.3% vs 100%; P = .016). Of 68 technically successfully treated @entity1 , 33 underwent surgical revascularization and 35 received AIS placement. There were no significant differences in @entity1 demographics, Rutherford classification, cardiovascular risk factors, and 30-day mortality rates. Surgically treated @entity1 had a longer average postoperative hospital stay (P = .001) and higher rates of @entity260 , including @entity1576 (P = .010), transient @entity8 (P = .002), and multiple organ dysfunction (P = .023). Mean ankle-brachial index increased significantly in both groups (P < .001), but to the same extent. The primary 1-, 3-, and 5-year patency rates were 93.6%, 90.2%, and 90.2%, respectively, in the surgery group, and 91.4%, 81.8%, and 64.2%, respectively, in the AIS group (P = .054). No differences were observed in survival rate (P = .945), limb salvage (P = .860), or secondary patency (P = .916). CONCLUSIONS: AIS for chronic @entity432 is associated with a shorter hospital stay and lower postoperative morbidity rates. Although midterm primary patency rate was lower than for traditional open surgery, AIS appears to be a safe, minimally invasive, and reliable procedure for @entity1 with chronic @entity432 .

title: Comparison of Midterm Outcomes between Surgical Treatment and Endovascular Reconstruction for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory failure']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['infrarenal aortoiliac occlusion']

answer: @entity432 :: (MESH:D001157,Disease) :: ['Chronic Infrarenal Aortoiliac Occlusion']


abstract: Understanding the biological function behind key proteins is of great concern in @entity12178 , both due to a high commercial importance and an interesting life history. Until recently, functional studies in salmonids appeared to be difficult. However, the recent discovery of targeted mutagenesis using the CRISPR/Cas9 (clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated) system enables performing functional studies in @entity12178 to a great extent. We used the CRISPR/Cas9 system to target two genes involved in pigmentation, tyrosinase (tyr) and solute carrier family 45, member 2 ( @entity57904 ). Embryos were assayed for mutation rates at the 17 somite stage, where 40 and 22% of all injected embryos showed a high degree of mutation induction for @entity57904 and tyr, respectively. At hatching this mutation frequency was also visible for both targeted genes, displaying a graded phenotype ranging from complete lack of pigmentation to partial loss and normal pigmentation. CRISPRslc45a2/Cas9 injected embryos showing a complete lack of pigmentation or just a few spots of pigments also lacked wild type sequences when assaying more than 80 ( @entity57904 ) sequence clones from whole embryos. This indicates that CRISPR/Cas9 can induce double-allelic knockout in the F0 generation. However, types and frequency of indels might affect the phenotype. Therefore, the variation of indels was assayed in the graded pigmentation phenotypes produced by CRISPR/Cas9- @entity57904 . The results show a tendency for fewer types of indels formed in juveniles completely lacking pigmentation compared to juveniles displaying partial pigmentation. Another interesting observation was a high degree of the same indel type in different juveniles. This study shows for the first time successful use of the CRISPR/Cas9 technology in a marine cold water species. Targeted double-allelic mutations were obtained and, though the level of mosaicism has to be considered, we demonstrate that F0 fish can be used for functional studies in @entity12178 .

title: Targeted Mutagenesis in @entity12178 ( XXXX L.) Using the CRISPR/Cas9 System Induces Complete Knockout Individuals in the F0 Generation.

entities_list: @entity12178 :: ('8030', 'Species') :: ['Atlantic salmon']

answer: @entity12178 :: (8030,Species) :: ['Salmo salar']


abstract: Onlay autografting is amongst the most predictable techniques for craniofacial vertical bone augmentation, however, complications related to donor site surgery are common and synthetic alternatives to onlay autografts are desirable. Recent studies have shown that the acidic @entity460 phosphates, @entity18205 and @entity58273 , are osteoconductive, osteoinductive and resorb faster in vivo than @entity692 . Moreover, they can be 3D printed allowing precise host bone-implant conformation. The objectives of this study were to confirm that craniofacial screw fixation of 3D printed monetite blocks was possible and to compare the resulting vertical bone augmentation with autograft. 3D printed monolithic monetite onlay implants were fixed with osteosynthesis screws on the calvarial bone surface of @entity95 . After 8 weeks, integration between the implant and the calvarial bone surface was observed in all cases. Histomorphometry revealed that 42% of the monetite was resorbed and that the new bone formed within the implant occupied 43% of its volume, sufficient for immediate dental implant placement. Bone tissue within the autologous onlay occupied 60% of the volume. We observed that patterns of regeneration within the implants differed throughout the material and propose that this was due to the anatomy and blood supply pattern in the region. Rapid prototyped monetite being resorbable osteoconductive and osteoinductive would appear to be a promising biomaterial for many bone regeneration strategies.

title: Craniofacial vertical bone augmentation: a comparison between 3D printed monolithic monetite blocks and autologous onlay grafts in the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity95 :: ('9986', 'Species') :: ['New Zealand rabbits']

entities_list: @entity692 :: ('MESH:D017886', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxyapatite']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

answer: @entity95 :: (9986,Species) :: ['rabbit']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Studies have demonstrated a positive correlation between fluid overload (FO) and adverse outcomes in @entity3124 patients. The present study aims at defining the impact of hyperhydration on the @entity1213 ( @entity1213 ) mortality risk, comparing Bioelectrical Impedance Vector Analysis (BIVA) assessment with cumulative fluid balance (CFB) recording. METHODS: We performed a prospective, dual-centre, clinician-blinded, observational study of consecutive patients admitted to @entity1213 with an expected length of @entity1213 stay of at least 72 hours. During observational period (72-120 hours), CFB was recorded and cumulative FO was calculated. At the admission and daily during the observational period, BIVA was performed. We considered FO between 5% and 9.99% as moderate and a FO >=  10% as severe. According to BIVA hydration scale of lean body mass, patients were classified as normohydrated (>72.7%-74.3%), mild (>71%-72.7%), moderate (>69%-71%) and severe (<=  69%) dehydrated and mild (>74.3%-81%), moderate (>81%-87%) and severe (>87%) hyperhydrated. Two multivariate logistic regression models were performed: the @entity1213 mortality was the response variable, while the predictor variables were hyperhydration, measured by BIVA (BIVA model), and FO (FO model). A p-value <0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance. RESULTS: One hundred and twenty-five patients were enrolled (mean age 64.8    16.0 years, 65.6% male). Five hundred and fifteen BIVA measurements were performed. The mean CFB recorded at the end of the observational period was 2.7    4.1 L, while the maximum hydration of lean body mass estimated by BIVA was 83.67    6.39%. Severe hyperhydration measured by BIVA was the only variable found to be significantly associated with @entity1213 mortality (OR 22.91; 95% CI 2.38-220.07; p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The hydration status measured by BIVA seems to predict mortality risk in @entity1213 patients better than the conventional method of fluid balance recording. Moreover, it appears to be safe, easy to use and adequate for bedside evaluation. Randomized clinical trials with an adequate sample size are needed to validate the diagnostic properties of BIVA in the goal-directed fluid management of @entity3124 patients in @entity1213 .

title: Impact of hyperhydration on the mortality risk in XXXX patients admitted in intensive care units: comparison between bioelectrical impedance vector analysis and cumulative fluid balance recording.

entities_list: @entity3124 :: ('MESH:D016638', 'Disease') :: ['critically ill']

entities_list: @entity1213 :: ('MESH:D012555', 'Disease') :: ['Intensive Care Unit', 'ICU']

answer: @entity3124 :: (MESH:D016638,Disease) :: ['critically ill']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 4071 Background: @entity1735 antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) is a widely-used serum @entity5 marker in @entity788 . Multiple studies suggest a role for CA19-9 in predicting outcome. A decline of at least 25% from baseline while on treatment is predictive of improved survival. METHODS: Individual @entity1 data from six prospective trials evaluating @entity136 -containing regimens from two institutions were pooled. The primary goal of this study was to correlate outcomes with decline in CA19-9 while on treatment. RESULTS: A total of 213 @entity1 with locally advanced (n=51) or metastatic (n=162) @entity420 were included. Median age was 59 years (range: 28 - 90). Ninety-two percent of subjects had performance status of 0 or 1. Median baseline CA19-9 level was 1,113 ng/mL (range: 2 - 492,241). In a first analysis, groups were divided into those levels below (Low) or above (High) the median. Median overall survival ( @entity17222 ) was 8.7 vs. 5.6 months (p=0.0056) and median @entity1054 ( @entity1054 ) was 6.2 vs. 3.7 months (p=0.0043) in the low vs. high groups, respectively. We then confirmed that a decline on treatment of greater than or equal to 25% vs. less than 25% from baseline demonstrated a significant impact on outcome ( @entity17222 10.2 vs. 5.2 months, p<0.0001; @entity1054 7.3 vs. 3.2 months, p<0.001). Interestingly we showed that any decline vs. no decline in CA19-9 levels conferred a similar likelihood of improved @entity17222 (9.2 vs. 5.1 months, p=0.001) and @entity1054 (7.2 vs. 2.8 months, p=0.0001) respectively. Finally, we showed that any decline vs. no decline of CA19-9 after only the first cycle of chemotherapy did not significantly affect outcome ( @entity17222 9.2 vs. 6.6 months, P=0.3; @entity1054 6.7 vs. 4 months, p=0.2), whereas a persistent decline after the second cycle of therapy was predictive of improved outcome ( @entity17222 10.3 vs. 5.2 months, p=0.0036; @entity1054 7.6 vs. 3.9 months, p=0.0091). CONCLUSIONS: In this study we demonstrated that any decline in CA19-9 levels during therapy is predictive of improved outcome. We also showed that decline of CA19-9 levels after 2 consecutive cycles of therapy resulted in improved outcome.

title: CA19-9 for the prediction of efficacy of chemotherapy in @entity1 with advanced XXXX : A pooled analysis of six prospective trials.

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreas cancer']

entities_list: @entity1054 :: ('MESH:D000377', 'Disease') :: ['TTP', 'time to progression']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['Carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma of the pancreas']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['gemcitabine']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreas cancer']


abstract: @entity10173 ( @entity10173 ) is a major physiologic regulator of @entity460 , phosphorous, and skeletal homeostasis. Cells of the osteoblastic lineage are key targets of @entity10173 action in bone, and recent evidence suggests that osteocytes might be important in the anabolic effects of @entity10173 . To understand the role of @entity10173 signaling through the @entity10173 /PTHrP receptors ( @entity21556 ) in osteocytes and to determine the role(s) of these cells in mediating the effects of the hormone, we have generated @entity19 in which @entity21556 expression is specifically ablated in osteocytes. @entity19 in which the 10 kb- @entity12281 promoter drives a @entity440 -inducible Cre-recombinase were mated with animals in which exon 1 of @entity21556 is flanked by lox-P sites. In these animals, osteocyte-selective @entity21556 knockout (Ocy- @entity21556 (cKO) @entity19 ) could be induced by administration of @entity440 . Histological analysis revealed a reduction in trabecular bone and mild @entity2331 in Ocy- @entity21556 (cKO) @entity19 . Reduction of trabeculae number and thickness was also detected by micro-computed tomography analysis whereas bone volume fraction (BV/TV%) was unchanged. These findings were associated with an increase in @entity12456 and sclerostin expression. When Ocy- @entity21556 (cKO) @entity19 were subjected to a low- @entity460 diet to induce @entity3528 , their blood @entity460 levels were significantly lower than littermate controls. Moreover, @entity10173 was unable to suppress @entity12456 and sclerostin expression in the Ocy- @entity21556 (cKO) animals, suggesting an important role of @entity10173 signaling in osteocytes for proper bone remodeling and @entity460 homeostasis.

title: Targeted ablation of the XXXX in osteocytes impairs bone structure and homeostatic calcemic responses.

entities_list: @entity440 :: ('MESH:D013629', 'Chemical') :: ['tamoxifen']

entities_list: @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mice', 'Transgenic mice']

entities_list: @entity3528 :: ('MESH:D006962', 'Disease') :: ['secondary hyperparathyroidism']

entities_list: @entity2331 :: ('MESH:D001851', 'Disease') :: ['osteopenia']

answer: @entity21556 :: (19228(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['PTH/PTHrP receptor']


abstract: @entity2123 has presented an increasing occurrence in the last four decades, due especially to the growth of accidents with automobiles as well as to the urban violence. Both of which continue being the main cause of such @entity130 . AIM: To evaluate the features of the population victim of facial @entity130 as to gender, age, occupation, origin, type of @entity174 and its cause. DESIGN STUDY: retrospective clinical with transversal cohort. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Retrospective study consulting hospital registers of 513 @entity1 victims of the facial @entity130 . RESULTS: There was a higher incidence of facial @entity130 on @entity1 (84,9%), white (82,7) and with an average age of 29. Regarding occupation, the @entity130 was mostly occurred to students (16,6%) and Masons (11,2%). The jaw was the most affected place (35%), followed by zygoma (24%) and by the nose (23%), though most @entity1 presented a single facial @entity174 (82,5%). Among the causes, accidents with automobiles (28,3%), @entity146 (21%) and accidental fall s (19,5%) were the most common. CONCLUSIONS: Accidents with automobiles continue being the main cause of facial @entity130 , especially of @entity174 due to the great transmission of kinetic energy.

title: Etiology and incidence XXXX in @entity1 and adults.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture', 'multiple fractures']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggression']

entities_list: @entity2123 :: ('MESH:D020220', 'Disease') :: ['Facial trauma']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['traumas', 'trauma']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['facial fractures']


abstract: PURPOSE: In 10-24% of @entity1 with @entity5 who are treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiation, no @entity41 is found after surgery (ypT0). When accurately selected, these complete responders might be considered for less invasive treatments instead of standard surgery. So far, no imaging method has proven reliable. This study was designed to assess the accuracy of @entity353 ( @entity353 ) in addition to standard rectal MRI for selection of complete responders after chemoradiation. METHODS: A total of 120 @entity1 with locally advanced @entity5 from three university hospitals underwent chemoradiation followed by a restaging MRI (1.5T), consisting of standard T2W-MRI and @entity353 (b0-1000). Three independent readers first scored the standard MRI only for the likelihood of a complete response using a 5-point confidence score, after which the @entity353 images were added and the scoring was repeated. Histology (ypT0 vs. ypT1-4) was the standard reference. Diagnostic performance for selection of complete responders and interobserver agreement were compared for the two readings. RESULTS: Twenty-five of 120 @entity1 had a complete response (ypT0). Areas under the ROC-curve for the three readers improved from 0.76, 0.68, and 0.58, using only standard MRI, to 0.8, 0.8, and 0.78 after addition of @entity353 (P = 0.39, 0.02, and 0.002). Sensitivity for selection of complete responders ranged from 0-40% on standard MRI versus 52-64% after addition of @entity353 . Specificity was equally high (89-98%) for both reading sessions. Interobserver agreement improved from k 0.2-0.32 on standard MRI to 0.51-0.55 after addition of @entity353 . CONCLUSIONS: Addition of @entity353 to standard rectal MRI improves the selection of complete responders after chemoradiation.

title: Diffusion-weighted MRI for selection of complete responders after chemoradiation for locally advanced XXXX : a multicenter study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['DWI', 'diffusion-weighted MRI']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['rectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity41 :: ('MESH:D018365', 'Disease') :: ['residual tumor']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['rectal cancer']


abstract: @entity1358 and function mediate the development of @entity164 1 @entity6 (TID). NKT cell activation with the @entity776 ligand @entity10380 (alpha-GalCer) corrects these deficiencies and prevents the onset and recurrence of T1D in NOD @entity19 . To investigate how alpha-GalCer accomplishes this, we conducted three sets of studies. First, gene microarray analyses showed that alpha-GalCer treatment decreases interleukin (IL)16 and increases @entity1618 and @entity22425 gene expression in the spleen. Anti- @entity60139 antibody treatment protects NOD @entity19 against insulitis and T1D, and neutralization of @entity22425 abrogates @entity58 induced protection from T1D. Second, alpha-GalCer treatment of NOD.ILA(-/-) @entity19 demonstrated that @entity58 expression is required for prevention of T1D but not for NKT cell development. Third, we found that @entity6 resistance in three novel congenic NOD.B6 @entity62477 @entity19 strains is associated with an increased number of NKT cells in pancreatic lymph nodes (PLNs). This increase was not evident in the spleen or PLNs of NOD. @entity12427 (-/-) @entity19 after alpha-GalCer treatment. Our data suggest that @entity22425 is a candidate gene in @entity62477 that regulates NKT cell function and @entity6 susceptibility. By controlling the expression and activity of @entity60139 and @entity22425 alpha-GalCer treatment may modulate the number, localization and function of NKT cells and regulate susceptibility to T1D.

title: @entity776 -restricted NKT regulatory cells: functional genomic analyses provide new insights into the mechanisms of protection against XXXX 1 @entity6 .

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['Deficiencies in NKT cell number']

entities_list: @entity10380 :: ('MESH:C493154', 'Chemical') :: ['alpha-galactosylceramide']

answer: @entity164 :: (MESH:D017827,Disease) :: ['Type']


abstract: 1. Antler cycles of six adult @entity3930 of southern Texas were relatively well synchronized within the herd. The old antlers were cast from December to March and regenerated antlers polished between March and June. The rutting season occurred in June and July. 2. LH and FSH exhibited little seasonal variation (LH 0.7-1.3 ng/ml; FSH 32-65 ng/ml). @entity4090 levels were lowest in December (20 ng/ml) and highest in June (115 ng/ml). @entity251 concentrations exhibited a distinct seasonal pattern: minimum in December (0.1 ng/ml) and maximum in May (1.75 ng/ml). 3. After @entity1176 challenge (100 micrograms given i.m. in November), maximal LH levels (reached 40-60 min after injection), varied from 7.7 to 11.2 ng/ml, and T levels varied from 1.3 to 1.6 ng/ml. 4. Twenty I.U. of ACTH (given in March), elevated @entity701 levels from 4-8 micrograms/dl (pretreatment) to 16-21 micrograms/dl (140 min post-administration).

title: Antler cycle and endocrine parameters in XXXX (Axis axis): seasonal levels of LH, FSH, @entity251 , and @entity4090 and results of @entity1176 and ACTH challenge tests.

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['Testosterone']

entities_list: @entity3930 :: ('MESH:D005834', 'Disease') :: ['male axis deer']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

answer: @entity3930 :: (MESH:D005834,Disease) :: ['male axis deer']


abstract: Approximately 50% of multi-transfused individuals become refractory to random donor platelets. Recent clinical data suggest that those @entity1 receiving leukocyte-depleted blood products are less likely to become refractory to random donor platelets than recipients of non-leukocyte-depleted products. Leukocyte depletion can be performed immediately after collection of a unit of whole blood before its storage (prestorage leukodepletion) or just before the transfusion of the blood product to a recipient, after its storage (poststorage leukodepletion). However, the most appropriate time for the leukodepletion of blood products has not been established. The present study was undertaken to establish an animal model of allogeneic @entity1423 , and to compare the effect of prestorage and poststorage leukodepletion on the frequency of refractoriness to allogeneic donor platelets. In this model, two strains of @entity95 were used: California Black @entity95 were used as blood donors, while New Zealand White @entity95 were used as recipients. Eight weekly infusions of nonleukodepleted allogeneic fresh blood resulted in an allogeneic platelet refractory rate of 91.2% (31/34). The prestorage leukodepletion of the donor blood was associated with a significantly higher allogeneic platelet survival and lower refractory rate (33.3%) to allogeneic platelets than poststorage leukodepletion (66.7%). Furthermore, the data suggest that cell-free plasma products are capable of inducing refractoriness to allogeneic donor platelets; the stored plasma having a greater likelihood of inducing such refractoriness than fresh plasma. Thus, these data provide evidence that the prestorage leukodepletion of allogeneic donor blood is associated with a lower frequency of refractoriness and better allogeneic platelet survival than poststorage leukodepletion.

title: An animal model of allogeneic donor XXXX : the effect of the time of leukodepletion.

entities_list: @entity1423 :: ('MESH:D001791', 'Disease') :: ['platelet refractoriness']

answer: @entity1423 :: (MESH:D001791,Disease) :: ['platelet refractoriness']


abstract: @entity244 is an acute form of @entity370 that is characterized by @entity5406 ( @entity5406 ), bilateral @entity3329 (BHL), and @entity4841 or @entity625 . This syndrome is common among white @entity1 , but is considered rare among Japanese @entity1 . We present the case of a 26-year-old Japanese @entity1 with @entity244 . The @entity1 complained of @entity625 and @entity5406 of the lower extremities that lasted for 3 months. A chest radiograph revealed BHL and nodular shadows. The @entity1289 ( @entity1289 ) level was within the normal range. Transbronchial lung biopsy revealed a noncaseating @entity738 with giant cells. Six Japanese cases of @entity244 have been reported previously. Five of the seven Japanese @entity1 with @entity244 had normal @entity1289 levels; all of them exhibited BHL. @entity244 should be considered as a possibility when examining a @entity1 with @entity5406 and articular symptoms, even if the @entity1 is Japanese.

title: Acute-onset @entity370 with XXXX and @entity4841 ( @entity244 ) in Japan: a case report and a review of the literature.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients', 'patient', 'people']

entities_list: @entity3329 :: ('MESH:D008206', 'Disease') :: ['hilar lymphadenopathy']

entities_list: @entity1289 :: ('1636', 'Gene') :: ['ACE', 'angiotensin-converting enzyme']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['polyarthritis']

entities_list: @entity738 :: ('MESH:D006099', 'Disease') :: ['granuloma']

entities_list: @entity244 :: ('MESH:D014899', 'Disease') :: ["L  fgren's syndrome"]

entities_list: @entity4841 :: ('MESH:D018771', 'Disease') :: ['polyarthralgia']

entities_list: @entity370 :: ('MESH:D012507', 'Disease') :: ['sarcoidosis']

entities_list: @entity5406 :: ('MESH:D004893', 'Disease') :: ['EN', 'erythema nodosum']

answer: @entity5406 :: (MESH:D004893,Disease) :: ['erythema nodosum']


abstract: @entity7596 is a cell cycle regulatory protein that functions in mitotic and S phase control in @entity1 cells. However, in contrast to other G1 phase regulatory proteins, such as cyclin D, @entity995 protein and @entity986 , @entity7596 seems not to be commonly involved in tumorigenesis. Recently, a second @entity1 @entity7596 -- @entity58665 --has been identified. In contrast to @entity7596 which is expressed throughout embryonic development and in adult tissue, the expression of @entity58665 has been reported to be restricted to embryonic and germ line cells. We have confirmed the absence of @entity58665 mRNA from normal peripheral blood leukocytes of seven healthy donors by single step reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Furthermore, we have examined the expression of @entity58665 mRNA in 173 peripheral blood samples of 162 @entity1 with various @entity1583 . @entity58665 mRNA was detectable in 11 of 11 @entity1 with @entity3052 , three of three @entity1 with @entity8625 , eight of eight @entity1 with @entity2590 , 59 of 69 @entity1 with @entity1860 ( @entity1860 ) at diagnosis, 13 of 15 @entity1 with @entity1860 in blastic transformation, 10 of 18 @entity1 with @entity1072 , two of nine @entity1 with @entity4407 , and only two of 10 @entity1 with @entity981 ( @entity981 ) with both @entity58665 RT-PCR positive @entity981 being undifferentiated relapses. In addition, @entity58665 mRNA was found in one of six leukapheresis products, harvested from individuals without @entity1503 . Taken together, @entity58665 is expressed in the majority of myeloid and undifferentiated @entity1583 as well as in normal hematopoietic progenitor cells. We conclude that @entity58665 , a protein potentially involved in G1/S phase progression of immature cells, might be necessary for proliferation of early hematopoietic progenitor cells and their leukemic counterparts being blocked at that stage of differentiation.

title: XXXX is predominantly expressed in @entity1583 with myeloid differentiation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'mammalian', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity981 :: ('MESH:D054198', 'Disease') :: ['acute lymphoblastic leukemia', 'ALL', 'ALL leukemias']

entities_list: @entity2590 :: ('MESH:D009190', 'Disease') :: ['myelodysplastic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1072 :: ('MESH:D015451', 'Disease') :: ['chronic lymphocytic leukemia']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute myeloid leukemia']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['hematological disorders']

entities_list: @entity1583 :: ('MESH:D019337', 'Disease') :: ['hematological malignancies']

entities_list: @entity8625 :: ('MESH:D015456', 'Disease') :: ['acute biphenotypic leukemia']

entities_list: @entity4407 :: ('MESH:D013920', 'Disease') :: ['essential thrombocythemia']

entities_list: @entity1860 :: ('MESH:D015464', 'Disease') :: ['chronic myelogenous leukemia', 'CML']

entities_list: @entity995 :: ('MESH:D012175', 'Disease') :: ['retinoblastoma']

answer: @entity58665 :: (8900,Gene) :: ['Cyclin A1']


abstract: PURPOSE: Both 2-L @entity968 with @entity620 (2-L @entity970 / @entity938 ) and @entity19067 with @entity19068 (SP/MC) are low-volume combined agents for colonic preparation. The aim of the current study was to compare the preparation adequacy and @entity1 tolerability of 2-L @entity970 / @entity938 and SP/MC. METHODS: We performed a prospective randomized controlled study in outpatients undergoing daytime colonoscopy at a tertiary academic hospital. We compared preparation adequacy based on the Boston Bowel Preparation Scale (BBPS), polyp and @entity652 detection rate (PDR and ADR), compliance, tolerability for ease and palatability, intention to reuse, and @entity1 satisfaction using a questionnaire between 2-L @entity970 / @entity938 and three sachets of SP/MC, both given in a split-dose method. RESULTS: A total of 388 @entity1 were evaluated based on intention to treat (ITT) and 356 @entity1 per protocol (PP). No significant differences in preparation adequacy were observed in ITT and PP analyses, based on the BBPS (p   >   0.05). The PDR and ADR were greater than 60 and 40  % in both groups, respectively (p   >   0.05). Compliance levels were higher in the 2-L @entity970 / @entity938 group than in the SP/MC group (p   <   0.001). Satisfaction (ITT, p   =   0.014; PP, p   =   0.032) and palatability (ITT and PP, p   <   0.001) levels were higher in the SP/MC group than in the 2-L @entity970 / @entity938 group, but values for tolerability for ease and intention to reuse were similar in both groups (ITT and PP, p   >   0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Both 2-L @entity970 / @entity938 and SP/MC had adequate bowel cleansing efficacy to satisfy PDR and ADR as quality indicator and had showed similar tolerability.

title: Randomized controlled trial of low-volume bowel preparation agents for colonic bowel preparation: 2-L @entity968 with @entity620 versus XXXX with @entity19068 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity620 :: ('MESH:D001205', 'Chemical') :: ['ascorbic acid']

entities_list: @entity19068 :: ('MESH:C110422', 'Chemical') :: ['magnesium citrate']

entities_list: @entity19067 :: ('CHEBI:32147', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium picosulfate']

entities_list: @entity968 :: ('MESH:D011092', 'Chemical') :: ['polyethylene glycol']

answer: @entity19067 :: (CHEBI:32147,Chemical) :: ['sodium picosulfate']


abstract: We have used a panel of monoclonal antibodies and a cell-free transcription assay to study the function of the tau 1 transactivation domain of the @entity1 @entity4738 . Three antibodies (monoclonal antibodies 250, 275, and 286) specifically inhibited tau 1-dependent transcription, but had little or no effect on either basal transcription or the activity of an unrelated @entity375 transcription factor. This inhibition was not due to interference of DNA binding activity, as all three antibodies super shifted tau 1-containing protein-DNA complexes. Epitopes for all three antibodies were localized to a region between @entity1522 190 and 200, which lies within the recently defined 41- @entity535 core region of tau 1 that is required for transactivation (Dahlman-Wright, K., Alml  f, T., McEwan, I.J., Gustafsson, J-A., and Wright, A. P.H. (1994) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 91, 1619-1623). In contrast to the effect on tau 1-dependent transcription none of the antibodies tested antagonized the squelching ability of the tau 1 domain, suggesting that tau 1-mediated transactivation involves interactions in addition to those identified by the squelching assay. Consistent with this, a comparison of the kinetics of tau 1 squelching and inhibition of transactivation by monoclonal antibodies suggested a role for tau 1 mediated transcriptional induction at two or more steps during transcription initiation by RNA polymerase II.

title: The XXXX functions at multiple steps during transcription initiation by RNA polymerase II.

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity4738 :: ('2908', 'Gene') :: ['glucocorticoid receptor']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

answer: @entity4738 :: (2908,Gene) :: ['glucocorticoid receptor']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The incremental value of 18FDG PET/CT in @entity1 with @entity0 ( @entity0 ) compared to conventional imaging (CI) in clinical practice is unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the management impact and prognostic value of 18 F-FDG PET/CT in this setting. METHODS: Sixty-three @entity1 who were referred to our institution for suspicion of @entity0 relapse were retrospectively enrolled. All @entity1 had been evaluated with CI and underwent PET/CT. At a median follow-up of 61 months, serial clinical, imaging and pathologic results were obtained to validate diagnostic findings. @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) was estimated using Kaplan Meier methods and analyzed using the Cox proportional hazards regression models. RESULTS: Forty-two @entity1 had a confirmed relapse with 37 (88%) positive on CI and 40 (95%) positive on PET/CT. When compared with CI, PET/CT had a higher negative predictive value (86% versus 54%) and positive predictive value (95% versus 70%). The management impact of PET/CT was high (change of treatment modality or intent) in 30 @entity1 (48%) and medium (change in radiation treatment volume or dose fractionation) in 6 @entity1 (9%). Thirty-nine @entity1 (62%) died during follow-up. The PET/CT result was a highly significant predictor of @entity1349 (Hazard Ratio [95% Confidence Interval] =4.7 [2.0-10.9] for PET positive versus PET negative for a systemic recurrence; p   =   0.0003). In a Cox multivariate analysis including other prognosis factors, PET/CT findings predicted survival (p   =   0.005). In contrast, restaging by CI was not significant predictor of survival. CONCLUSION: Our study support the value of @entity419 PET/CT in providing incremental information that influence @entity1 management and refine prognostic stratification in the setting of suspected recurrent @entity0 .

title: The utility of 18 F-FDG PET/CT for suspected recurrent XXXX : impact and prognostic stratification.

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer', 'BC']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'Overall Survival']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: A 57-year-old @entity1 was admitted to our hospital complaining of @entity390 , @entity391 and fever of 38.7 degrees C. He was diagnosed as having acute @entity2679 with @entity5990 . Abdominal CT, however, incidentally revealed a space-occupying solid @entity66 at the upper pole of the left kidney. The feature of the lesion on ultrasonography was similar to that of renal simple cyst. The renal angiography showed that the @entity5 was avascular. Aspiration biopsy was done. Cytologically, small @entity5 cells forming cell clusters had scanty granular cytoplasms and small round or oval shaped nuclei sized 13-15 mu. The chromatin was diffusely distributed and increasing its density. Nucleoli were not so evident and if existing, usually small. Fatty stain was positive at granules in the cytoplasms. Radical nephrectomy was performed on August 28, 1984. Pathological examination revealed that almost all components of the @entity5 consisted of typical @entity1358 , and staging was pT2, pN0, pV0, M0, @entity13089 . Alpha-type interferon to a total doze of 11,700 X 10(4) units was administered intramuscularly daily for a month after the operation. By January 11, 1986, no evidence of @entity5 recurrence was noted.

title: [A XXXX --a case report].

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['mass lesion']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity5990 :: ('MESH:D042882', 'Disease') :: ['gallstones']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['papillary renal adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity2679 :: ('MESH:D002764', 'Disease') :: ['cholecystitis']

answer: @entity1358 :: (MESH:D002292,Disease) :: ['papillary adenocarcinoma of the kidney']


abstract: In spite of advancements in neuro-imaging and microsurgical techniques, surgery for intramedullary @entity4097 (ISCT) remains a challenging task. The rationale for using intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IOM) is in keeping with the goal of maximizing @entity5 resection and minimizing @entity16 . For many years, before the advent of motor evoked potentials (MEPs), only somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) were monitored. However, SEPs are not aimed to reflect the functional integrity of motor pathways and, nowadays, the combined used of SEPs and MEPs in ISCT surgery is almost mandatory because of the possibility to selectively injury either the somatosensory or the motor pathways. This paper is aimed to review our perspective in the field of IOM during ISCT surgery and to discuss it in the light of other intraoperative neurophysiologic strategies that have recently appeared in the literature with regards to ISCT surgery. Besides standard cortical SEP monitoring after peripheral stimulation, both muscle (mMEPs) and epidural MEPs (D-wave) are monitored after transcranial electrical stimulation (TES). Given the dorsal approach to the spinal cord, SEPs must be monitored continuously during the incision of the dorsal midline. When the surgeon starts to work on the cleavage plane between @entity5 and spinal cord, attention must be paid to MEPs. During @entity5 removal, we alternatively monitor D-wave and mMEPs, sustaining the stimulation during the most critical steps of the procedure. D-waves, obtained through a single pulse TES technique, allow a semi-quantitative assessment of the functional integrity of the cortico-spinal tracts and represent the strongest predictor of motor outcome. Whenever evoked potentials deteriorate, temporarily stop surgery, warm saline irrigation and improved blood perfusion have proved useful for promoting recovery, Most of intraoperative neurophysiological derangements are reversible and therefore IOM is able to prevent more than merely predict @entity16 . In our opinion combining mMEPs and D-wave monitoring, when available, is the gold standard for ISCT surgery because it supports a more aggressive surgery in the attempt to achieve a @entity5 removal. If quantitative (threshold or waveform dependent) mMEPs criteria only are used to stop surgery, this likely impacts unfavorably on the rate of @entity5 removal.

title: Surgery for intramedullary XXXX : the role of intraoperative (neurophysiological) monitoring.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'complete tumor']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological injury', 'neurological morbidity']

entities_list: @entity4097 :: ('MESH:D013120', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord tumors']

answer: @entity4097 :: (MESH:D013120,Disease) :: ['spinal cord tumors']


abstract: We investigated the effects of a tilted reference frame (i.e., allocentric visual context) on the perception of the gravitational vertical and @entity1319 along a planned egocentric vertical path. @entity1 (n  =  5) in a darkened room fixated a point in the center of a circle on an @entity12541 display and decided which of two sequentially presented dots was closer to the unmarked '6 o'clock' position on that circle (i.e., straight down toward their feet). The slope of their perceptual psychometric functions showed that @entity1 were able to locate which dot was nearer the vertical with a precision of 1  -2  . For three of the @entity1 , a square frame centered at fixation and tilted (in the roll direction) 5.6   from the vertical caused a strong perceptual bias, manifest as a shift in the psychometric function, in the direction of the traditional 'rod-and-frame' effect, without affecting precision. The other two @entity1 showed negligible or no equivalent biases. The same subjects participated in the saccade version of the task, in which they were instructed to shift their gaze to the 6 o'clock position as soon as the central fixation point disappeared. The @entity1 who showed perceptual biases showed biases of similar magnitude in their saccadic endpoints, with a strong correlation between perceptual and saccadic biases across all subjects. Tilting of the head 5.6   reduced both perceptual and saccadic biases in all but one observer, who developed a strong saccadic bias. Otherwise, the overall pattern and significant correlations between results remained the same. We conclude that our observers' saccades-to-vertical were dominated by perceptual input, which outweighed any gravitational or head-centered input.

title: Tilted frames of reference have similar effects on the perception of gravitational vertical and the planning of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Participants', 'participants']

entities_list: @entity1319 :: ('MESH:D015835', 'Disease') :: ['saccadic eye movements']

answer: @entity1319 :: (MESH:D015835,Disease) :: ['vertical saccadic eye movements']


abstract: 1. Feeding a diet supplemented with @entity2829 oil was found to elevate plasma @entity53 concentration in laying hens. 2. In a larger-scale experiment, isoenergetic and isonitrogenous diets containing 10, 20, 40 or 60 g/kg supplemental @entity2829 oil, tallow, coconut oil or fish oil were fed for 5 weeks. 3. Egg weights showed very different responses to the different fats. The responses could be described by quadratic functions that all gave optimum responses with supplemental dietary fat concentrations of about 40 g/kg. Egg weight increased the most with @entity2829 oil and was decreased with fish oil at the highest inclusion rate. 4. Measurements of egg components showed a relatively larger increase in albumen weights with @entity2829 oil than with other fats. 5. Across treatments, mean plasma @entity53 concentrations were very highly correlated (r = 0.96) with the changes in egg weights over the experimental period. 6. It is concluded that @entity2931 is important in controlling egg weight and that the effect of dietary fats in influencing egg weight is mediated by an effect of the fats on @entity2931 metabolism.

title: Regulation of plasma XXXX by dietary fats in the laying hen: relationships with egg weight.

entities_list: @entity2931 :: ('CHEBI:50114', 'Chemical') :: ['oestrogen']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['oestradiol']

answer: @entity2931 :: (CHEBI:50114,Chemical) :: ['oestrogen']


abstract: Transposable elements (TEs) are ubiquitous components of nearly all genomes studied. These elements are highly variable in copy number, molecular structure and transposition strategies. They can move within and between genomes, thus increasing their copy numbers and avoiding being eliminated by stochastic and deterministic processes. hobo is a class II element isolated from @entity238 . Previous phylogenetic analyses have shown that the canonical hobo element from @entity238 has a sister group formed by sequences found in @entity15397 (called howilli2) and @entity12570 (called homo1). In the present study, we investigated 36 Drosophilidae species for sequences similar to howilli2 and homo1 using degenerate primers. Additionally, in silico searches were performed in 21 available @entity238 genomes. The obtained sequences formed a monophyletic sister group with the canonical hobo element; we termed these sequences 'hobo-brothers' elements. These elements showed a patch distribution and incongruities with the TE and host species phylogenies, suggesting possible cases of @entity5044 ( @entity5044 ). Species that possess hobo-brothers sequences are from the New World, mainly Neotropical areas. In addition, the estimated divergence of the sequences found showed that these elements are or were recently active; the large number of @entity5044 events observed suggests that these elements could be experiencing an expansion process in Neotropical genomes. A comparison of these results with the literature is discussed with regard to the importance of the time and location of horizontal transposon transfer events.

title: hobo-brothers elements and their time and place for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5044 :: ('OMIM:143470', 'Disease') :: ['HT', 'horizontal transfer']

entities_list: @entity238 :: ('7227', 'Species') :: ['Drosophila melanogaster', 'Drosophila', 'D. melanogaster']

answer: @entity5044 :: (OMIM:143470,Disease) :: ['horizontal transfer']


abstract: @entity4293 ( @entity4293 ) was first discovered as a causative protein for @entity2741 , which is often seen in the @entity5 . @entity4293 binds to the @entity18916 ( @entity18916 ) for signal transduction. @entity4293 - @entity18916 interactions were associated with bone resorption. The present study, therefore, sought to clarify the expression of @entity4293 , @entity461 ( @entity461 ) and @entity18916 in @entity1567 , using RT-PCR (N = 8), immunohistochemistry (N = 23) and ELISA (N = 11) techniques. @entity4293 and B-actin mRNA were detected in the all samples. Expression of @entity4293 was also seen in all of the 23 cases in @entity1567 by immunohistochemistry. There was a significant difference in @entity4293 concentration by ELISA between typical unicystic type and solid type including unicystic type 3 (p = 0.0427). Only one exhibited the weak expression of @entity18916 mRNA. @entity18916 was observed on osteoblasts in bone around the @entity5 but no expression was observed on @entity1567 cells in @entity5 parenchyma by immunohistochemistry. @entity461 was not detected in @entity1567 by RT-PCR, immunohistochemistory as well as ELISA. In addition, @entity2741 and increase of serum @entity4293 level was observed in one case of 8 @entity1567 . It was suggested that @entity4293 level may be associated with local bone infiltration and @entity2741 in @entity1567 .

title: Expression of XXXX -related protein in @entity1567 .

entities_list: @entity2741 :: ('MESH:D006934', 'Disease') :: ['hypercalcemia']

entities_list: @entity4293 :: ('5744', 'Gene') :: ['PTHrP', 'Parathyroid hormone-related protein']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'malignant tumor']

entities_list: @entity1567 :: ('MESH:D000564', 'Disease') :: ['ameloblastoma', 'ameloblastomas']

entities_list: @entity18916 :: ('5745', 'Gene') :: ['parathyroid hormone 1 receptor', 'PTH1R']

entities_list: @entity461 :: ('5741', 'Gene') :: ['PTH', 'parathyroid hormone']

answer: @entity461 :: (5741,Gene) :: ['parathyroid hormone']


abstract: We examined the effects of @entity11249 on tumorigenesis in F344 @entity35 treated with @entity7044 ( @entity7045 ). Four-week-old male F344 @entity35 were exposed to 100 ppm @entity7045 in their drinking water for 15 weeks. Thereafter Group II animals received 100 microCi/100 g body weight of 131I (radiothyroidectomy, Tx) injected i.p. and Group III @entity35 were implanted with @entity977 (MtT) secreting @entity11249 while Group I received no further treatment after @entity7045 . Non-carcinogen control animals received MtT, Tx or no treatment. Animals were killed at 39 weeks after starting @entity7045 administration. @entity356 were present in 13 of 31 (43%), 15 of 32 (47%) and 17 of 32 (53%) @entity35 in Groups I to III, respectively. All @entity5 were of well-differentiated type. @entity4097 appeared in 15 of 31 (47%) in Group I, 10 of 32 (32%) in Group II and 10 of 32 (32%) in Group III, most being @entity5 . @entity6732 also appeared in 10 of 31 (32%), 5 of 32 (16%) and 6 of 32 (19%) animals in Groups I to III, respectively. There were no significant differences among the groups. However, @entity5 in Group III developed significantly earlier than in Groups I or II. This was mainly due to @entity356 , and cumulative incidence curves for @entity4097 or @entity6732 were similar in all groups. The results indicate that @entity356 induced by @entity7045 in F344 male @entity35 are influenced by elevated levels of @entity11249 .

title: Elevated serum @entity11249 accelerates gastric tumorigenesis in F344 XXXX after treatment with @entity7044 in their drinking water.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant schwannomas', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity6732 :: ('MESH:D013953', 'Disease') :: ['Thymic lymphomas', 'thymic lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity977 :: ('MESH:D010911', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary tumors']

entities_list: @entity7044 :: ('MESH:D008770', 'Chemical') :: ['N-methyl-N-nitrosourea']

entities_list: @entity4097 :: ('MESH:D013120', 'Disease') :: ['Spinal cord tumors', 'spinal cord tumors']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric tumors', 'Gastric tumors']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Few studies have investigated the role of cardiac troponin point-of-care (POC) testing for predicting adverse outcomes in @entity1187 ( @entity1187 ) @entity1 . We investigated the use of a POC @entity6949 assay in @entity1187 @entity1 . METHODS: We studied consecutive @entity1 (n = 367) presenting with symptoms suggestive of @entity1187 who were admitted through the emergency department. We measured plasma @entity6949 with the i-STAT assay. @entity1 were risk-stratified based on @entity6949 concentrations defined by the predetermined 99th percentile reference limit for plasma (0.04 microg/L). @entity1 were followed for 60 days. We computed survival and event curves with the Kaplan-Meier method and compared risk stratification groups with the log-rank test. RESULTS: Acute @entity583 ( @entity583 ) was diagnosed in 8.1% of @entity1 . Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for @entity204 ( @entity204 ), @entity583 or @entity204 , @entity583 or @entity204 , and @entity204 at 60 days were all statistically significant after adjustment for age, @entity6 , @entity101 , and history of @entity177 as follows: 2.54 (1.24-5.20), P = 0.009; 2.76 (1.37-5.58), P = 0.003; 5.98 (1.65-21.7), P = 0.008; and 2.54 (1.24-5.20), P = 0.009. Kaplan-Meier curves showed early separation between @entity1 with increased vs. reference concentrations before 30 days for @entity204 , @entity583 or @entity204 , and @entity583 or @entity204 . CONCLUSION: The i-STAT POC @entity6949 assay can be added to the list of assays for risk stratification.

title: Point-of-care i-STAT cardiac troponin I for assessment of XXXX with symptoms suggestive of @entity1187 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['ACS', 'acute coronary syndrome']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'MI']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['all-cause death', 'cardiac death', 'ACD']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']