abstract: INTRODUCTION: Nauta et al. first reported on a successful punctate midline myelotomy (PMM) at the spinal cord Th 10 level for the treatment of intractable pelvic @entity5 . CASE STUDY: The authors published another case history of a @entity1 with multiple @entity189 of the small intestine, peritoneal carcinosis and @entity706 , suffering from severe @entity3825 in the hypo-, meso-, and epigastrium. Nauta's PMM was successfully performed at the level Th 4. Narcotic medication was tapered from 30 mg i.v. @entity1286 per hour preoperatively to 5 mg per hour within 5 days postoperatively. @entity158 intensity decreased from 10 to 2-3 on the visual analog scale. Only minor transient side effects appeared postoperatively. @entity158 reduction remained until the @entity1 died from the extended disease five weeks later. DISCUSSION: Meanwhile Nauta et al. reported on 5 additional @entity1 , in whom PMM led to a sufficient @entity158 reduction. Another paper reported on sufficient control of @entity3825 due to advanced @entity5 after a modified Th 1-2 PMM. CONCLUSION: PMM sufficiently controls not only pelvic @entity3825 , but also @entity3825 generated in the meso- and epigastrium. The findings support the concept of a midline dorsal column @entity3825 pathway.

title: The punctate midline myelotomy concept for visceral XXXX control--case report and review of the literature.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['retroperitoneal lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer pain', 'stomach cancer']

entities_list: @entity3825 :: ('MESH:D059265', 'Disease') :: ['visceral pain']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['anaplastic carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer pain']


abstract: HISTORY AND CLINICAL FINDINGS: A 63-year-old @entity1 was hospitalized because of his worsening general condition and @entity353 . Physical examination revealed marked @entity1513 with @entity73 of his back and restricted walking because of @entity158 in the right hip. He also had other @entity158 . INVESTIGATIONS: Serum @entity460 was reduced (1.60 mmol/l) and there was generalized @entity79 . Subsequently an increased parathormone ( @entity461 ) level was noted (499.0 ng/l) as well as markedly increased activity of enzymes involved in bone metabolism, decreased renal excretion of @entity6546 (4.76 mmol/24 h) and multiple pathological @entity174 . TREATMENT AND COURSE: The listed abnormalities indicated the diagnosis of @entity9474 ( @entity9474 ), type 1 b. After treatment had been started with @entity560 ( @entity3873 2 x 0.25 micrograms/d) and @entity460 ( @entity10041 , 3 x 500 mg/d), the levels of @entity460 , @entity461 and enzymes in bone metabolism gradually became normal. A @entity231 operation had to be performed because of @entity730 of the lens. CONCLUSION: The level of @entity461 should be determined in @entity1 with extensive @entity79 and hypocalcaemia. If @entity461 is raised, @entity9474 should be included in the differential diagnosis. Normalization of serum @entity460 by @entity460 substitution and @entity560 administration will normalize @entity461 and improve mineralization of the skeleton. In this way the debilitating effects of osteodystrophia cystica generalisata (OCG) (Engel von @entity1264 ) can be prevented. Also, the consequences of extraosseous @entity730 , such as extrapyramidal symptoms of @entity730 of the brain-stem ganglia can be avoided if treated in time.

title: [A 63-year-old XXXX with worsening general condition, @entity79 , hypocalcemia and excess @entity461 : late manifestations of pseudohypohyperparathyroidism].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'man']

entities_list: @entity9474 :: ('MESH:D011547', 'Disease') :: ['pseudohypoparathyroidism', 'PHP']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

entities_list: @entity6546 :: ('MESH:D010710', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphates']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['impaired mobility']

entities_list: @entity1513 :: ('MESH:D007738', 'Disease') :: ['thoracic kyphosis']

entities_list: @entity3873 :: ('MESH:D002117', 'Chemical') :: ['calcitriol']

entities_list: @entity1264 :: ('MESH:D009456', 'Disease') :: ['Recklinghausen syndrome']

entities_list: @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['calcification']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone demineralization']

entities_list: @entity10041 :: ('MESH:D002125', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium gluconate']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['bone pains', 'pain']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity560 :: ('MESH:D014807', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin D']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: This study is to calculate a risk of @entity2 in a cohort of 1411 @entity370 cases which were followed for a 3 year period from 1984 to 1987. The physicians were requested to answer the questionnaire about progress of the disease by mail. Excess @entity204 was investigated using standardized mortality ratio (SMR). The expected number of deaths was calculated from Japanese sex-age specific mortality rate in 1985, using @entity1 -year method. Death from all causes and @entity5 did not show any excess. SMR being 0.98 and 0.97 respectively. The SMR of @entity2 was 3.26 (male: 5.56, female: 3.03), being statistically significant. The SMR of @entity358 was 4.2, with statistical significance. The SMR of other main causes of @entity204 in Japan i.e., @entity64 , @entity63 @entity299 and @entity712 was less than 0.88. It is probably that @entity370 is a risk factor of @entity2 . The SMR of @entity1778 and uterine @entity5 was 5.88 and 8.70, respectively, though the observed number of @entity1778 was too small to conclude how high the @entity5 risk is among @entity370 @entity1 . @entity5 and @entity694 were not observed.

title: Excess @entity204 of @entity2 among XXXX @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'person']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['cerebrovascular accident']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'cancer', 'Gastric cancer, hepatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon cancers']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['lung infection']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart diseases']

entities_list: @entity370 :: ('MESH:D012507', 'Disease') :: ['sarcoidosis']

answer: @entity370 :: (MESH:D012507,Disease) :: ['sarcoidosis']


abstract: We investigated pharmacokinetics and clinical effectiveness of a newly developed cephem antibiotic @entity5177 ( @entity5177 , CZOP) against various pediatric infections in 18 institutions and their affiliates. We obtained the following results. 1. Serum concentration and urinary excretion rates Pharmacokinetics of CZOP in @entity1 was examined after intravenous injection and 30-minute drip infusion of 10, 20 and 40 mg/kg of CZOP. Peak serum concentrations of CZOP in 30 minutes after intravenous injection were 21.7, 51.5 and 77.8 micrograms/ml, respectively, showing a clear dose response. Half-lives were 1.99, 1.85 and 1.67 hours, respectively. In the first 6 hours after administration, urinary excretion rates of CZOP were 87.3, 67.4 and 84.1%, respectively. In the cases of 10, 20 and 40 mg/kg administration of CZOP 30-minute drip infusion, peak serum concentration of CZOP in 30 minutes, when the infusion was completed, were 38.1, 72.8 and 95.6 micrograms/ml, respectively. Again, there was a clear dose response. Half-lives were 1.67, 1.69 and 1.43 hours, respectively. In the first 6 hours after administration, urinary excretion rates of CZOP were 53.9, 59.7 and 77.3%, respectively. Cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of CZOP administered by intravenous injection of 50 mg/kg to @entity1 with @entity693 were 1.6 to 43.4 micrograms/ml in 1 to 1.5 hours after administration. 2. Clinical study Clinical efficacy was evaluated in 337 cases. The largest number of cases, 138 cases, were found in 2 to < 6-year olds. The majority of the @entity1 were under age 9, and 70 cases were of less than 1-year old @entity1 . 183 cases were males and 154 cases were females. In terms of illness, a majority, or 185 cases, suffered from @entity55 , followed by 39 cases of UTI and 23 infections of the skin and soft tissue. There were 7 cases of @entity693 . In 218 cases, CZOP was administered at a daily dose of 60- < 80 mg/kg. The drug was administered for 6-10 days, the most frequent duration, in 188 cases. In the cases where causative organisms were identified (group A), the efficacy rates ("excellent" and "good") obtained were 100% (5/5) against @entity693 , 100% (2/2) against @entity295 , 98.3% (119/121) against @entity55 , 100% (13/13) against acute @entity3617 , 100% (11/11) against @entity1729 , 96.3% (26/27) against UTI. Overall, "excellent" and "good" responses were observed in 97.5% (197/202) of cases with known causative organisms.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: [Pharmacokinetic and clinical studies with @entity5177 in the pediatric field. Pediatric Study Group of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity3617 :: ('MESH:D001991', 'Disease') :: ['bronchitis']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity693 :: ('MESH:D008581', 'Disease') :: ['purulent meningitis']

entities_list: @entity1729 :: ('MESH:D012141', 'Disease') :: ['upper respiratory tract infection']

answer: @entity5177 :: (MESH:C070918,Chemical) :: ['Cefozopran']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate facial nerve conduction, including its proximal segment, in @entity4894 . METHODS: Three @entity1 underwent facial nerve conduction studies comprising stylomastoid electrical stimulation and transcranial magnetic stimulation at the entrance of the facial canal within the skull and of the cortical representation area. All 3 @entity1 presented with acute bilateral complete @entity4610 , @entity4894 , mild @entity2055 and varying other symptoms. One of the @entity1 had bilateral @entity3541 ; the other two had normal facial innervation. RESULTS: Findings suggestive of @entity17 were observed in each of the 3 @entity1 with @entity4894 . The @entity1 with bilateral @entity3541 had absent responses to canalicular stimulation on both sides, while the other two showed increased temporal dispersion and prolonged latency in the proximal nerve segments. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that the primary pathology of @entity922 in @entity4894 is @entity17 and that it is localized to the proximal nerve segment. This is in line with the known vulnerability of proximal nerve segments (spinal roots) in other dysimmune demyelinating @entity305 . SIGNIFICANCE: Facial nerve conduction study with magnetic stimulation can localize and detect even subclinical @entity2103 in @entity1 with @entity4894 . The technique may contribute to the diagnosis of this disease, where electrophysiologic findings are scanty.

title: @entity2103 in XXXX : a study using transcranial magnetic stimulation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity17 :: ('MESH:D003711', 'Disease') :: ['demyelination of the proximal segment of the facial nerve', 'demyelination']

entities_list: @entity4894 :: ('MESH:D019846', 'Disease') :: ['areflexia', 'Miller Fisher syndrome']

entities_list: @entity305 :: ('MESH:D011115', 'Disease') :: ['polyneuropathies']

entities_list: @entity2103 :: ('MESH:D005155', 'Disease') :: ['facial nerve dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity4610 :: ('MESH:D009886', 'Disease') :: ['ophthalmoplegia']

entities_list: @entity3541 :: ('MESH:D005158', 'Disease') :: ['facial palsy']

entities_list: @entity922 :: ('MESH:D013568', 'Disease') :: ['facial nerve lesion']

answer: @entity4894 :: (MESH:D019846,Disease) :: ['Miller Fisher syndrome']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To present the published data concerning the US assessment of @entity75 as well as the US metric properties investigated in @entity625 . METHODS: A systematic literature search of PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Library was performed. Selection criteria were original articles in the English language reporting US, Doppler, @entity2762 and other @entity75 in @entity1 with @entity309 and other @entity625 . Data extraction focused on the definition and quantification of US-detected @entity2762 and other @entity427 and the metric properties of US according to the OMERACT filter for evaluating the above @entity75 . RESULTS: Thirty-three of 192 identified articles were included in the review. Most articles were case series (42%) or case-control (33%) studies describing hand and/or foot @entity2762 in @entity309 @entity1 . The majority of older articles used only B-mode, whereas the most recent studies have incorporated Doppler mode. Definition of @entity2762 or other @entity75 was provided in 70% of the evaluated studies. Most of the studies (61%) used a binary score for evaluating @entity427 . Concerning the OMERACT filter, 24 (73%) articles dealt with construct validity. The comparator most commonly used was clinical assessment and MRI. There were few studies assessing criterion validity. Some studies evaluated reliability (36%), responsiveness (21%) and feasibility (12%). CONCLUSION: US seems a promising tool for evaluating @entity198 . However, further validation is necessary for implementation in clinical practice and trials.

title: A systematic literature review of US definitions, scoring systems and validity according to the OMERACT filter for XXXX in @entity309 and other inflammatory joint diseases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory arthritis']

entities_list: @entity198 :: ('MESH:D004660', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory tendon lesions']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['tendon lesion', 'tendon lesions']

entities_list: @entity427 :: ('MESH:D012021', 'Disease') :: ['tendon abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity2762 :: ('MESH:D013717', 'Disease') :: ['tenosynovitis']

answer: @entity75 :: (MESH:D001927,Disease) :: ['tendon lesion']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the clinical benefit of ventriculoperitoneal shunting in @entity1 suffering from radiotherapy-induced @entity62 . DESIGN: Retrospective review of a single institutional experience. @entity1 : Thirty-one @entity1 with the postradiotherapy syndrome received ventriculoperitoneal shunts. All had a history of cranial irradiation, progressive @entity1276 visible on neuroimaging scans, and neurologic decline; other causes of @entity1276 were excluded. All 31 @entity1 had @entity73 : 30 had gait disturbance and 24 were incontinent. RESULTS: Twenty-four (80%) of 30 assessable @entity1 achieved symptomatic improvement an average of 1.6 months after ventriculoperitoneal shunting. @entity322 and gait problems were more likely to improve than cognition. Sixteen (53%) of 30 @entity1 achieved a good overall functional outcome, and @entity322 was the only feature significantly associated with good outcome (P=.04). Neither cerebrospinal fluid-opening pressure nor tap tests predicted improvement from ventriculoperitoneal shunting. Median duration of improvement was 6 months, and median survival after receiving the shunt was 14.5 months. Shunt-related complications occurred in 10 (33%) of 30 @entity1 , with 1 fatal outcome. CONCLUSIONS: Our results from ventriculoperitoneal shunting in selected @entity1 with radiation-induced @entity1276 suggest potential benefit. Improvement is incomplete and temporary, but can improve quality of life. Reliable predictors of successful shunt outcome were not identified.

title: @entity1276 in radiation XXXX : results of ventriculoperitoneal shunting.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['incontinence', 'Incontinence']

entities_list: @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['hydrocephalus', 'ventriculomegaly']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive deficits']

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['leukoencephalopathy']

answer: @entity62 :: (MESH:D056784,Disease) :: ['leukoencephalopathy']


abstract: @entity1702 ( @entity1702 ) are widely used for the palliative treatment of unresectable @entity5 . However, the long-term durability of SEMSs in @entity253 is not clear. We describe a case of endoscopic removal of spontaneously @entity174 uncovered biliary @entity1702 . A 59-year-old @entity1 presented to our institution with a 1-year history of recurrent @entity255 . Her medical history included a proctectomy for @entity5 and right hemihepatectomy for liver metastasis 10 years earlier. Five years after these operations, she developed a benign hilar stricture and had an uncovered @entity1702 placed in another hospital. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography demonstrated that the @entity1702 was torn in half and the distal part of the stent was floating in the dilated common bile duct. The papillary orifice was dilated by endoscopic @entity384 (EPLBD) using a 15-mm wire-guided balloon catheter. Subsequently, we inserted biopsy forceps into the bile duct and grasped the distal end of the broken @entity1702 under fluoroscopy. We successfully removed the fragment of the @entity1702 from the bile duct, along with the endoscope. The @entity1 was discharged without complications. Placement of an uncovered biliary @entity1702 is not the preferred treatment for benign @entity253 . Spontaneous @entity174 of an uncovered biliary @entity1702 is an extremely rare complication. We should be aware that stent @entity174 can occur when placing uncovered biliary SEMSs in @entity1 with a long life expectancy. EPLBD is very useful for retrieving the @entity174 fragment of @entity1702 .

title: Endoscopic removal of a spontaneously XXXX biliary uncovered self-expandable metal stent.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture', 'fractured']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant biliary obstruction', 'rectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['papillary large balloon dilation']

entities_list: @entity1702 :: ('MESH:D013651', 'Disease') :: ['Self-expandable metal stents', 'SEMS']

entities_list: @entity253 :: ('MESH:D001660', 'Disease') :: ['biliary strictures']

entities_list: @entity255 :: ('MESH:D002761', 'Disease') :: ['cholangitis']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['fractured']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The misdiagnosis of acute @entity385 in young adults is a significant problem since @entity1 may have many decades of potential disability. Also, proven therapies for @entity64 may not be administered if there is an initial misdiagnosis. We assessed the hypothesis that early use of MRI, arrival by ambulance, and presentation to a Primary @entity64 Center (PSC) would be associated with a reduced rate of misdiagnosis. METHODS: A prospective database of young adults (ages 16-49 years) with @entity385 (final diagnosis provided by vascular neurologists) was reviewed. We collected information on several variables, including age, race, arrival by ambulance, whether brain MRI was performed within 48 h, and initial presentation to a PSC. Variables were tested against @entity341 ( @entity341 ) misdiagnosis using univariate and multivariate methods. RESULTS: 77 @entity1 with a mean age of 37.9 years were reviewed. 48.3% of @entity1 arrived by ambulance, 53.2% had a brain MRI within 48 h, and 23.4% initially presented to a PSC. The overall rate of @entity341 misdiagnosis was 14.5%. In multivariate testing, performance of MRI within 48 h (p=0.023) was associated with a lower rate of misdiagnosis and age <35 years was linked with greater likelihood of misdiagnosis (p=0.047). CONCLUSIONS: Early performance of MRI leads to greater accuracy of @entity64 diagnosis in young adults presenting to the @entity341 . @entity1 less than age 35 years have a greater risk of misdiagnosis. @entity341 physicians and neurologists should consider early use of MRI in young adults with @entity64 and diagnostic uncertainty.

title: Early use of MRI improves diagnostic accuracy in young adults with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['emergency department', 'ED']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'Stroke', 'acute stroke', 'stroke-like deficits']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['stroke']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To investigate the feasibility and dosimetric improvements of a novel technique to temporarily displace critical structures in the pelvis and abdomen from @entity5 during high-dose radiotherapy. METHODS: Between 2010 and 2012, 11 @entity1 received high-dose image-guided intensity-modulated radiotherapy with @entity347 ( @entity347 ) at our institution. In all cases, imaging revealed @entity5 abutting critical structures. An all-purpose drainage catheter was introduced between the gross @entity5 volume (GTV) and critical organs at risk (OAR) and infused with normal saline (NS) containing 5-10% @entity6111 . Radiation planning was performed with the displaced OARs and positional reproducibility was confirmed with cone-beam CT (CBCT). @entity1 were treated within 36 hours of catheter placement. Radiation plans were re-optimized using pre- @entity347 OARs to the same prescription and dosimetrically compared with post- @entity347 plans. A two-tailed permutation test was performed on each dosimetric measure. RESULTS: The bowel/rectum was displaced in six @entity1 and kidney in four @entity1 . One @entity1 was excluded due to poor visualization of the OAR; thus 10 @entity1 were analyzed. A mean of 229 ml (range, 80-1000) of NS 5-10% @entity6111 infusion resulted in OAR mean displacement of 17.5 mm (range, 7-32). The median dose prescribed was 2400 cGy in one fraction (range, 2100-3000 in 3 fractions). The mean GTV Dmin and @entity343 Dmin pre- and post-bowel @entity347 IG-IMRT dosimetry significantly increased from 1473 cGy to 2086 cGy (p=0.015) and 714 cGy to 1214 cGy (p=0.021), respectively. @entity347 increased mean @entity343 D95 by 27.14% of prescription (p=0.014) while the @entity343 D05 decreased by 9.2% (p=0.011). @entity347 of the bowel resulted in a 39% decrease in mean bowel Dmax (p=0.008) confirmed by CBCT. @entity347 of the kidney significantly decreased mean kidney dose and Dmax by 25% (0.022). CONCLUSIONS: @entity347 was well tolerated, reproducible, and facilitated dose escalation to previously radioresistant @entity5 abutting critical structures while minimizing dose to OARs.

title: Temporary organ displacement coupled with image-guided, intensity-modulated radiotherapy for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity347 :: ('MESH:D019965', 'Disease') :: ['TOD', 'temporary organ displacement']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['paraspinal tumors']


abstract: PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate postoperative changes in spinal sagittal alignment and postural balance in @entity1 with @entity572 ( @entity572 ) and to verify whether any significant correlation exists between these changes and improvement of @entity1643 ( @entity1643 ) symptoms following total hip replacement (THR) surgery. METHODS: Twenty-eight consecutive @entity1 with @entity572 undergoing unilateral THR were prospectively enrolled. Whole spine X- @entity16039 were obtained before surgery and 6  months after surgery. The following parameters were measured: cervical @entity1515 , @entity1513 , @entity1515 , pelvic incidence (PI), pelvic tilt (PT), @entity10145 ( @entity10145 ), and sagittal vertical axis ( @entity2483 ). @entity1 underwent pre- and postoperative postural balance assessment (950-460 BioSway(TM) system; clinical test of sensory integration-CTSIB, limit of stability test-LOS) and @entity1 reported outcome measures assessment (Short Form-36, SF-36, @entity717 Index, ODI, Visual Analog Scale, VAS and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index, WOMAC). RESULTS: Mean age of the @entity1 was 61.7      6.4. Median (interquartile range, IQR) pre-operative PI and PT were 50.0 (35.0, 60.0) and 11.0 (7.0, 23.0), respectively; @entity1515 was 49.0 (41.0, 68.0) and SVA 5.0 (-11.0, 41.0). No significant changes in sagittal alignment were observed postoperatively. Median @entity1643 VAS decreased from 6.0 (5.0, 7.0) to 3.0 (2.0, 4.0) and ODI from 54.0 (39.0, 64.0) to 34.0 (26.0, 48.0) (p  <  0.001). Median CTSIB improved from 1.22 (1.07, 1.45) to 1.01 (0.80, 1.19) and LOS from 46.0 (42.0, 58.0) to 37.0 (32.0, 39.0) postoperatively. No significant correlation was noted between postoperative changes in spinal sagittal alignment or postural balance and improvement of @entity1643 VAS and ODI scores. CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrated an improvement in @entity1643 levels (VAS and ODI) and postural balance in @entity1 with @entity572 following THR surgery. No significant changes have been noted in radiographic spinal sagittal alignment postoperatively. The improvement in @entity1643 levels does not correlate with post-operative changes in spinopelvic alignment or postural balance.

title: Effects of total hip arthroplasty on spinal sagittal alignment and static balance: a prospective study on 28 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1643 :: ('MESH:D017116', 'Disease') :: ['low back pain', 'LBP']

entities_list: @entity1513 :: ('MESH:D007738', 'Disease') :: ['thoracic kyphosis']

entities_list: @entity1515 :: ('MESH:D008141', 'Disease') :: ['lordosis', 'lumbar lordosis']

entities_list: @entity572 :: ('MESH:D006617', 'Disease') :: ['HSS', 'hip-spine syndrome']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['Oswestry Disability']

entities_list: @entity10145 :: ('MESH:C537221', 'Disease') :: ['SS', 'sacral slope']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: The study design was a retrospective study in @entity2318 contracture @entity1635 caused by back scalding during the infantile period. The objective of the study was to investigate the pathogenesis, clinical manifestation and treatment of @entity2318 contracture @entity1635 caused by back scalding during the infantile period. This condition seldom occurs and is not reported in current English literature. One @entity1 was first treated with skin expansion, back scar excision and skin flap transfer, followed by anterior correction with TSRH instrumentation. Two @entity1 were first treated with back scar excision and anterior spinal release. One @entity1 was treated with posterior correction with TSRH instrumentation, and thoracoplasty was performed after 50 days in halo-wheelchair traction. The other @entity1 was treated with posterior correction with TSRH instrumentation. No management of scalding was performed on the fourth @entity1 . Anterior release and posterior correction were performed at an interval of 3 weeks. The @entity85 @entity1 were well corrected. Trunk balance was restored and the pelvis leveled. The skin incision wounds healed well. Minor loss of correction was recorded during the last follow-up. @entity1159 caused by back scalding during the infantile period could lead to @entity1615 . Its pathogenesis and clinical manifestation are different from the typical @entity1615 . The treatment of this kind of @entity1635 should be individualized.

title: @entity2318 contracture XXXX caused by back scalding during the infantile period.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1615 :: ('OMIM:181800', 'Disease') :: ['adolescent scoliosis', 'adolescent idiopathic scoliosis']

entities_list: @entity2318 :: ('MESH:D002921', 'Disease') :: ['adolescent scar']

entities_list: @entity1635 :: ('MESH:D012600', 'Disease') :: ['scoliosis']

entities_list: @entity1159 :: ('MESH:D003286', 'Disease') :: ['Severe scar contracture']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['deformities of four']

answer: @entity1635 :: (MESH:D012600,Disease) :: ['scoliosis']


abstract: PURPOSE: To compare the perioperative morbidity and mortality following endovascular @entity439 repair (EVAR) with a bifurcated stent-graft versus an aortomonoiliac stent-graft combined with a femorofemoral crossover graft. METHODS: A prospectively maintained database of @entity1 undergoing EVAR over a 7-year period (January 2001 to June 2008) was interrogated retrospectively to identify all @entity1 receiving either a bifurcated or an aortomonoiliac stent-graft. @entity1 undergoing emergency treatment or renal/mesenteric fenestrated or iliac branched EVAR were excluded. Data retrieval found 210 @entity1 (194 @entity1 ; mean age 75 years) who had been treated with 41 aortomonoiliac stent-grafts and 169 bifurcated devices. The impact of preoperative and intraoperative variables on postoperative morbidity was assessed by means of univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Significant @entity260 occurred in 41% (17/41) of aortomonoiliac stent-graft @entity1 compared to 14% (23/169) of bifurcated stent-graft @entity1 (p = 0.0001). Univariate logistic regression analyses identified @entity1 age, operating time, and implantation of an aortomonoiliac stent-graft as significant predictors of @entity260 . In a multivariate logistic regression model, only implantation of an aortomonoiliac stent-graft was independently associated with @entity260 (p = 0.003). CONCLUSION: Compared to EVAR with a bifurcated device, the implantation of an aortomonoiliac stent-graft and crossover bypass is associated with higher @entity1 morbidity similar to rates reported after open repair. These @entity1 comprise a high-risk endovascular group and require careful postoperative management in order to minimize complications.

title: Comparison of XXXX repair versus a bifurcated stent-graft: analysis of perioperative morbidity and mortality.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

answer: @entity439 :: (MESH:D000783,Disease) :: ['aortomonoiliac endovascular aneurysm']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To describe response to treatment in a @entity1 with autoantibodies against voltage-gated @entity460 channels (VGCCs) who presented with @entity2746 and subsequently developed @entity7235 ( @entity7235 ), and to study the effect of the @entity1 's autoantibodies on Purkinje cells in @entity35 cerebellar slice cultures. METHODS: Case report and study of @entity35 cerebellar slice cultures incubated with @entity1 VGCC autoantibodies. RESULTS: A 53-year-old @entity1 developed progressive incoordination with ataxic speech. Laboratory evaluation revealed VGCC autoantibodies without other antineuronal autoantibodies. Whole-body PET scans 6 and 12 months after presentation detected no malignancy. The @entity1 improved significantly with IV immunoglobulin G (IgG), @entity229 , and @entity618 , but worsened after IV IgG was halted secondary to @entity5827 . He subsequently developed weakness with electrodiagnostic evidence of @entity7235 . The patient's IgG bound to Purkinje cells in @entity35 cerebellar slice cultures, followed by @entity528 . Reactivity of the @entity1 's autoantibodies with VGCCs was confirmed by blocking studies with defined VGCC antibodies. CONCLUSIONS: @entity2746 associated with VGCC autoantibodies may precede onset of @entity7235 and may improve with immunosuppressive treatment. Binding of anti-VGCC antibodies to Purkinje cells in cerebellar slice cultures may be followed by cell death. Patients with anti-VGCC autoantibodies may be at risk of irreversible @entity16 over time, and treatment should be initiated early.

title: Voltage-gated @entity460 channel XXXX : Case and study of cytotoxicity.

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurologic injury']

entities_list: @entity5827 :: ('MESH:D008582', 'Disease') :: ['aseptic meningitis']

entities_list: @entity618 :: ('MESH:C063008', 'Chemical') :: ['mycophenolate mofetil']

entities_list: @entity7235 :: ('MESH:D015624', 'Disease') :: ['Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome', 'LEMS']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity2746 :: ('MESH:D013132', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune cerebellar degeneration', 'Autoimmune cerebellar degeneration']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['neuronal death']

answer: @entity2746 :: (MESH:D013132,Disease) :: ['autoimmune cerebellar degeneration']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3960 ( @entity3960 ) is considered to be a target for mediators released during @entity32 . AIMS: To investigate the expression of @entity1639 , a constituent of the transcription factor @entity1639 , in @entity1 @entity3960 cells. In addition, to measure the release of @entity650 into the conditioned medium of stimulated @entity3960 cells, as well as DNA biosynthesis and changes in cell number. METHODS: Serum-deprived @entity1 @entity3960 cells in the G0/G1 phase were stimulated with the pro-inflammatory cytokines; @entity5 @entity39 factor-alpha, @entity1356 , @entity225 and @entity650 . The expression of mRNA encoding the proto-oncogene @entity1639 was measured by Northern blot analysis. Cell proliferation was assessed by @entity665 incorporation assays and cell counting, and @entity650 levels in cell-conditioned medium were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: All of the cytokines investigated induced a rapid (within 1 h) and transient increase in the expression of mRNA encoding @entity1639 , followed by the expression and enhanced release of @entity650 . Cell proliferation remained unchanged in cytokine-stimulated cells. CONCLUSIONS: Cytokine-induced @entity1639 expression in @entity1 @entity3960 cells could be described as a marker of cell 'activation'. The possible association of these results with @entity32 , through secondary intracellular mechanisms such as cytokine production, is discussed.

title: Pro-inflammatory cytokines induce @entity1639 expression followed by XXXX release in @entity1 airway smooth muscle cells.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['airway inflammation']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity665 :: ('CHEBI:53526', 'Chemical') :: ['[3H]-thymidine']

entities_list: @entity1639 :: ('2353', 'Gene') :: ['c-fos', 'activator protein-1']

entities_list: @entity3960 :: ('MESH:D018235', 'Disease') :: ['ASM', 'Airway smooth muscle']

answer: @entity650 :: (3569,Gene) :: ['IL-6']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Dentinal sensitivity (DS) occurs frequently in adult populations in western countries. The purpose of this work was to assess the effectiveness of a new intraoral @entity1388 releasing device (IFRD) in reducing the level of @entity158 in @entity1 with primary or postsurgical dentine sensitivity. METHODS: A total of 49 individuals were selected for this study, 15 of whom had post-periodontal surgery dentine sensitivity and 34 with primary sensitivity. An IFRD was applied to 39, while 10 received a placebo device. All individuals in the control group suffered from primary sensitivity. The IFRD used in this study consists of @entity3163 encased in an acrylic polymer which releases @entity1388 at a rate of approximately 0.04 mg/day. All @entity1 were asked to rinse with cold water (10 degrees C) and to indicate the level of @entity158 on a 0 to 10 visual analog scale, 0 equalling "no @entity158 " and 10 "maximum bearable @entity158 ." All subjects were evaluated once a week during 4 months. Statistical analysis of dentine sensitivity was performed as a univariate study, in relation to the main factors: age, gender, and primary sensitivity or postsurgical etiology. RESULTS: Symptoms decreased dramatically in all treated @entity1 . The level of sensitivity did not change during the first week after IFRD application, but decreased significantly within the fourth week and remained absent through the duration of the treatment (P <0.01). Difference in sensitivity with respect to different etiology was significant only after 4 weeks (P= 0.01), while there was no statistical difference with respect to age or gender. CONCLUSIONS: This paper is an initial study to evaluate the effectiveness of the IFRD. The method is fast, painless, inexpensive, and it appears to be suitable as a routine treatment. The presented data support the conclusions at this stage and warrant more comprehensive evaluation.

title: Intraoral XXXX releasing device: a new clinical therapy for dentine sensitivity.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1388 :: ('MESH:D005459', 'Chemical') :: ['fluoride']

entities_list: @entity3163 :: ('MESH:D012969', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium fluoride']

answer: @entity1388 :: (MESH:D005459,Chemical) :: ['fluoride']


abstract: The aim of this work was to assess the health-related quality of life (HRQL) of @entity1 pre and post surgical treatment for @entity302 . A total of 145 @entity1 were interviewed during their pre-surgical assessment on the telemetry unit, Queen Square. The HRQL assessment comprised the quality of life assessment schedule (QOLAS), the EuroQol EQ-5D and the @entity302 surgery inventory (ESI-55). A total of 40 @entity1 were followed up, of which 22 had undergone surgery and achieved 75% or greater reduction in @entity410 . The QOLAS scores for the @entity1 who achieved 75% or greater @entity410 reduction post-op were significantly lower (i.e. improved HRQL) compared to baseline. The descriptive data suggest that the EQ-5D may not be capturing all of the QOL issues of relevance to @entity1 with chronic, intractable @entity302 and the EQ-5D may not be valid for this group. Most @entity1 queried the visual analogue scale (VAS) which asks for an overall rating of the respondent's self-perceived health. The most frequent comments, from 42% of @entity1 , was that 'health' did not include their @entity302 . Despite this, the group whose @entity410 were reduced had significantly higher VAS scores at follow-up. We can conclude that the VAS is sensitive to clinical change. The baseline EQ-5D utility and follow-up scores were compared. There were no significant changes in QOL scores for either group. The @entity1 who achieved 75% or greater reduction in @entity410 post-op scored significantly higher (i.e. better QOL) on 2/3 composite scores of the ESI-55 at follow-up. The QOLAS, the EQ-5D VAS and the ESI-55 were sensitive to clinically defined outcome. The results for the EQ-5D profile and the EQ-5D utility suggest that the EQ-5D is not a valid and responsive instrument for use in @entity1 with intractable @entity302 .

title: Quality of life pre and post XXXX surgery.

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures', 'seizure']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy']

answer: @entity302 :: (MESH:D004827,Disease) :: ['epilepsy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5042 is a common long-term complication after ileal pouch anal @entity254 for @entity31 . Chronic @entity5042 is a treatment-resistant condition that affects 5-15% of @entity1 . AIM: To test the hypothesis of a small bowel involvement using wireless capsule endoscopy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This is a single-blind, prospective, cohort study. Twenty-four @entity1 : 16 were @entity1 with chronic @entity5042 and eight, with a macroscopically and histologically normal ileal pouch, were considered as control subjects. Diagnosis of @entity5042 was confirmed using the @entity5042 activity index. All subjects were submitted to wireless capsule endoscopy procedure. Within 2 weeks before wireless capsule endoscopy, @entity1 underwent a pouch endoscopy and a small bowel follow-through. Re-examination of the colonic surgical and histological specimens was also performed. RESULTS: One @entity1 with chronic @entity5042 was excluded because of @entity29 . At small bowel follow-through of 16 @entity1 , two subjects (13%) showed only a focal @entity4122 of the middle ileum and a substenosis of the pouch. At wireless capsule endoscopy all the 15 evaluable @entity1 with chronic @entity5042 (100%) showed diffuse lesions from duodenum to ileum consisting of aphthae, @entity2681 , @entity5105 , @entity194 , cobblestone, deep/fissural ulcers. CONCLUSIONS: This @entity7017 needs further research, and wireless capsule endoscopy could be useful to show involvement of small bowel in @entity1 with chronic @entity5042 .

title: Controlled study using wireless capsule endoscopy for the evaluation of the small intestine in chronic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5042 :: ('MESH:D019449', 'Disease') :: ['refractory pouchitis', 'pouchitis disease', 'Pouchitis', 'pouchitis']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative colitis']

entities_list: @entity7017 :: ('MESH:C538273', 'Disease') :: ['enteropathy']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['incomplete bowel cleaning']

answer: @entity5042 :: (MESH:D019449,Disease) :: ['refractory pouchitis']


abstract: 22 @entity1 who sustained high energy wrist injuries are reported. These complex injuries resulted in articular disruption of the distal radius. Associated injuries included @entity4785 (18%), central die-punch injuries (14%), ulnar @entity174 (41%) and @entity6877 at the distal radioulnar joint (23%). Nine @entity174 (41%) were open and almost a third of @entity1 had other @entity130 . All @entity1 were treated by external fixation and reviewed after a mean follow-up of 2 1/2 years. There were no excellent results and only ten good ones (45%). The mean functional impairment was 32%. The external fixator was effective in maintaining extra-articular alignment, but not in ensuring accurate reduction of the articular surface. Residual incongruity of the joint surface was an adverse prognostic feature. All five @entity1 (22%) with an articular step of more than 2 mm. developed symptomatic @entity625 . Failure to restore the joint line did not account for all the unsatisfactory results; persistent @entity4785 and problems at the distal radioulnar joint were also important.

title: Pilon XXXX of the wrist. Displaced intra-articular fractures of the distal radius.

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['arthritis']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures']

entities_list: @entity4785 :: ('MESH:D004213', 'Disease') :: ['scapho-lunate dissociation']

entities_list: @entity6877 :: ('MESH:D046548', 'Disease') :: ['diastasis']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['skeletal injuries']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['fractures']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study examines whether the chronic administration of @entity46209 , a @entity842 -releasing beta-adrenergic blocker, decreases @entity63 -reperfusion injury. METHODS: @entity35 were treated with @entity46209 (10 mg/kg per day orally) or a vehicle alone for 4 weeks. Isolated @entity35 hearts were assigned to one of five groups (each n = 6): global @entity63 groups treated with the vehicle or with @entity46209 were subjected to 20 minutes of @entity63 ; @entity63 preconditioning groups treated with the vehicle or with @entity46209 were subjected to 3 minutes of @entity63 preconditioning; and the @entity534 group treated with the vehicle received 1 mmol/L of @entity534 before global @entity63 . Hemodynamic variables and coronary flow were recorded continuously. @entity2648 and @entity3362 levels were measured 60 minutes after reperfusion, and the @entity1188 size was determined. In another series (each n = 6), lipid peroxidation was investigated. RESULTS: In the @entity46209 group, significant preservation of the left ventricular pressure and coronary flow, as well as the level of @entity3362 and @entity2648 , was observed, compared with the global @entity63 group. The @entity1188 size was also significantly reduced in the @entity63 preconditioning (23.5%+/-5.47%), @entity534 (25.6%+/-5.59%), and especially the @entity46209 (10.7%+/-1.65%) groups. However, in the @entity46209 plus @entity63 preconditioning group, the protective effects were eliminated. Lipid peroxidation after @entity46209 treatment was significantly reduced before and after global @entity63 , compared with the global @entity63 group. CONCLUSIONS: The chronic administration of @entity46209 improves postischemic functional recovery and @entity1188 size, partly by preventing the formation of lipid @entity2627 . These cardioprotective effects were, however, abolished by @entity63 preconditioning.

title: Long-term treatment with @entity46209 , a XXXX -releasing beta-adrenergic blocker, enhances postischemic recovery and limits @entity1188 size.

entities_list: @entity2627 :: ('MESH:D010545', 'Chemical') :: ['peroxides']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia', 'ischemic']

entities_list: @entity46209 :: ('MESH:C036089', 'Chemical') :: ['nipradilol']

entities_list: @entity3362 :: ('MESH:D009566', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrates']

entities_list: @entity534 :: ('CHEBI:16467', 'Chemical') :: ['L-arginine']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity2648 :: ('MESH:D009573', 'Chemical') :: ['Nitrites', 'nitrites']

answer: @entity842 :: (MESH:D009569,Chemical) :: ['nitric oxide']


abstract: The adipocyte-derived hormone @entity1254 seems to protect from insulin resistance, a key factor in the pathogenesis of @entity164 2 @entity6 . Genome-wide scans have mapped a susceptibility locus for @entity2175 to chromosome 3q27, where the @entity1254 gene is located. A common silent T-G exchange in @entity377 94 (exon 2) of the @entity1254 gene has been associated with increased circulating @entity1254 levels. @entity209 associated with the G allele have not been reported. We therefore assessed whether this polymorphism alters insulin sensitivity and/or measures of @entity28 using the T  bingen Family Study database (prevalence of the G allele, 28%). In 371 nondiabetic individuals, we found a significantly greater BMI in GG + GT (25.5 +/- 0.7 kg/m(2)) compared with TT (24.1 +/- 0.3 kg/m(2); P = 0.02). @entity1720 (determined by euglycemic clamp, n = 209) was significantly lower in GG + GT (0.089 +/- 0.007 units) compared with TT (0.112 +/- 0.005 units; P = 0.02). This difference disappeared completely on adjustment for BMI. Because our population contains a relatively high proportion of first-degree relatives of @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 , we stratified by family history ( @entity9680 ). Much to our surprise, the genotype differences in BMI and insulin sensitivity in the whole population were attributable entirely to differences in the subgroup without @entity9680 , whereas in the subgroup with @entity9680 , the G allele had absolutely no effect. Moreover, individuals without @entity9680 had a significantly lower BMI than individuals with @entity9680 (25.2 +/- 0.4 vs. 26.2 +/- 0.5 kg/m(2); P = 0.01), which was not the case for the GG + GT subgroup without @entity9680 (27.0 +/- 0.9 kg/m(2); NS). This suggests that in individuals without familial predisposition for @entity164 2 @entity6 , the @entity1254 polymorphism may mildly increase the @entity28 risk (and secondarily insulin resistance). In contrast, in individuals who are already burdened by other genetic factors, this small effect may be very hard to detect.

title: Association of the T-G polymorphism in XXXX (exon 2) with @entity28 and insulin sensitivity: interaction with family history of @entity164 2 @entity6 .

entities_list: @entity2175 :: ('MESH:D003924', 'Disease') :: ['type 2 diabetes and the metabolic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity377 :: ('CHEBI:36976', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotide']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['Metabolic abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity1720 :: ('MESH:D007333', 'Disease') :: ['Insulin sensitivity']

answer: @entity1254 :: (9370,Gene) :: ['adiponectin']


abstract: Studies of animals and @entity1 with focal @entity75 suggest that attention in near and far extrapersonal space may be mediated by anatomically separate systems. @entity9479 have been associated with @entity1057 , but whether asymmetric attention specific to near or far space occur after thalamic damage has not been explored. It is also unclear if @entity9479 can induce contralesional defective response inhibition. We tested a @entity1 with a left @entity1188 who reported that, when driving, she had a tendency to veer towards @entity1 or objects on the right side of the road. Our @entity1 and four controls performed a line bisection task with a laser pointer in near and far extrapersonal space. The experimenter marked each bisection either from the right of the presented line (right-distractor, RD) or the left (left-distractor, LD). RD and LD trials were pseudo-randomized. Our @entity1 performed similarly to controls (mean -0.7 mm, controls -0.6 mm) on the line bisection task in near space. In far space she erred significantly rightward compared to her performance in near space (p<0.001). Controls performed similarly in near and far space. The experimenter position did not affect our @entity1 's performance on near line bisections, nor did controls demonstrate a distractor effect for the near condition. In the far condition, however, our @entity1 showed a significant distractor effect (LD -3.3 mm, RD 35.3 mm, p<0.001). Controls also demonstrated a distractor effect in the far condition (LD -6.4 mm, RD 0.7 mm, p<0.01), though of much smaller magnitude. Our results suggest that frontal-thalamic systems regulating visual attention may be disrupted by @entity1188 . Such damage may produce an attentional grasp specific to far extrapersonal space.

title: Attentional grasp in far extrapersonal space after XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'woman', 'patient', 'people']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain damage']

entities_list: @entity1057 :: ('MESH:D058069', 'Disease') :: ['spatial neglect']

entities_list: @entity9479 :: ('MESH:D013786', 'Disease') :: ['thalamic injury', 'Thalamic lesions']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['thalamic infarction']

answer: @entity1188 :: (MESH:D007238,Disease) :: ['thalamic infarction']


abstract: AIM: To investigate the use of Tc-99m tetrofosmin as a breast imaging agent and to compare results of Tc-99m tetrofosmin scintimammography with plain-film mammography and pathological outcome. @entity1 AND METHODS: Forty-four @entity1 (mean age, 51 years; range 26-79 years) with a palpable breast mass requiring fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) were prospectively studied. All @entity1 had Tc-99m tetrofosmin scintimammography. @entity1 over 35 years of age had two view mammography performed on the same day. FNAB was performed within 2 weeks of imaging, and @entity1 referred for surgery as appropriate. Results of scintigraphy and plain-film mammography were correlated with pathological outcome. RESULTS: Of the 44 @entity1 , 21 had biopsy proven @entity5 while 23 had benign lesions. Of the 21 @entity1 with @entity189 , 20 (95.2%) had positive Tc-99m tetrofosmin scintimammography while 21 (91.3%) of the 23 @entity1 with benign histology had negative scintigraphy. The sensitivity of scintimammography was 95.24%, the specificity was 91.3%, with a positive predictive value of 90.9% and a negative predictive value of 95.45%. Thirty-eight @entity1 had two view mammography performed (six @entity1 were <35 years of age). Of these 38 @entity1 , 21 had biopsy proven @entity5 while 17 had benign histology (all @entity1 <35 years of age had benign histology). Of the 21 @entity1 with @entity5 , plain-film mammography was suspicious for @entity5 in 17 (81%) while four were reported as benign. Of the 17 with benign disease, 14 @entity1 (82.4%) had benign appearances on plain-film mammography while three (18%) had one or more findings suspicious for @entity5 . The sensitivity of plain-film mammography in our group was 81%, with a specificity of 82.4%, a positive predictive value of 85% and a negative predictive value of 77.8%. Tc-99m tetrofosmin scintimammography correctly characterized all seven lesions where mammographic evaluation was limited because of dense breast parenchyma or previous surgery and/or radiotherapy. CONCLUSION: Tc-99m tetrofosmin scintimammography is an accurate, well tolerated and non-invasive method of differentiating benign from malignant palpable @entity1558 . Negative Tc-99m tetrofosmin scintimammography excludes @entity5 with a high degree of confidence while false-positive scintigraphy can occur in cases of @entity5442 and hypercellular @entity1557 . Tc-99m tetrofosmin scintimammography is particularly useful when plain-film mammography is indeterminate or limited in @entity1 with dense breasts or a history of previous surgery and/or radiotherapy.

title: Tc-99m tetrofosmin scintigraphy as an adjunct to plain-film mammography in palpable XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity5442 :: ('MESH:D009220', 'Disease') :: ['proliferative dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1557 :: ('MESH:D018226', 'Disease') :: ['fibroadenoma']

entities_list: @entity1558 :: ('MESH:D001941', 'Disease') :: ['breast lesions']

answer: @entity1558 :: (MESH:D001941,Disease) :: ['breast lesions']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIM: The aim of this study was to compare the use of insulin glargine and intermediate/long-acting @entity1 insulin (HI) in relation to the incidence of complications in @entity6 @entity1 . METHODS AND RESULTS: A population-based cohort study was conducted using administrative data from four local health authorities in the Abruzzo Region (900,000 inhabitants). @entity6 @entity1 without @entity66 and treated with either intermediate/long-acting HI or glargine were followed for 3-years; the incidence of @entity6 (macrovascular, microvascular and metabolic) complications was ascertained by hospital discharge claims and estimated using Cox proportional hazard models. Propensity score (PS) matching was also used to adjust for significant differences in the baseline characteristics between the two groups. RESULTS: Overall, 1921 @entity6 @entity1 were included: 744 intermediate/long-acting HI and 1177 glargine users. During the 3-year follow-up, 209 (28.1%) incident events of any @entity6 complication occurred in the intermediate/long-acting HI and 159 (13.5%) in the glargine group. After adjustment for covariates, glargine users had an HR (95% CI) of 0.57 (0.44-0.74) for any @entity6 complication and HRs of 0.61 (0.44-0.84), 0.58 (0.33-1.04) and 0.35 (0.18-0.70) for macrovascular, microvascular and metabolic complications, respectively, compared to intermediate/long-acting HI users. PS analyses supported these findings. CONCLUSIONS: The use of glargine is associated with a lower risk of @entity532 compared with traditional basal insulins. However, limitations inherent to the study design including the short length of observation and the lack of data on metabolic control or @entity6 duration, do not allow us to consider this association as a proof of causality.

title: Lower incidence of XXXX in @entity1 on insulin glargine versus those on basal @entity1 insulins: a population-based cohort study in Italy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity532 :: ('MESH:D003925', 'Disease') :: ['macrovascular complications']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['macrovascular diseases']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetic', 'diabetic', 'diabetes']

answer: @entity532 :: (MESH:D003925,Disease) :: ['macrovascular complications']


abstract: The aim of this study is to retrospectively evaluate intrapancreatic accessory spleen (IPAS) with mutidetector computed tomography (MDCT) and superparamagnetic @entity1933 (SPIO)-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging ( @entity7994 ) with emphasis on the role of @entity7994 for the diagnosis of IPAS. Seven @entity1 (four @entity1 and three @entity1 ; mean age, 50.7 years) with IPAS underwent quadriphasic MDCT and SPIO-enhanced @entity7994 . IPAS was diagnosed histopathologically (n = 2) or by scintigraphy (n = 5). Two radiologists evaluated CT and @entity7994 in consensus for the location and size of each lesion and compared its attenuation on CT and signal intensity (SI) on @entity7994 with those of the pancreas and spleen. For quantitative analysis, another radiologist calculated the mean lesional, pancreatic, and splenic attenuations or SIs on MDCT or @entity7994 in each @entity1 . All lesions were located in the pancreatic tail. The average lesion size was 1.5 +/- 0.5 cm. All IPASs except one appeared high-attenuating to the pancreas and were isoattenuating to the spleen on all dynamic CT phases. The IPASs were hypointense and hyperintense compared with the pancreas on unenhanced T1- and T2-weighted images, respectively, and their SI was similar to that of the spleen. On SPIO-enhanced, T2-weighted images, a similar degree of signal drop to that of the spleen was noted in all lesions. The results of the quantitative analysis were compatible with those of the subjective analysis. In most IPASs, the attenuation on CT and SI on @entity7994 were identical to those of the spleen, and on SPIO-enhanced @entity7994 , the degree of the signal drop in all lesions was similar to that of the spleen.

title: MDCT and superparamagnetic XXXX (SPIO)-enhanced MR findings of intrapancreatic accessory spleen in seven @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1933 :: ('MESH:C000499', 'Chemical') :: ['iron oxide']

answer: @entity1933 :: (MESH:C000499,Chemical) :: ['iron oxide']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Utilization of alpha- @entity5 @entity39 factor (alpha-TNF) in clinical practice is limited by severe general side effects. Very promising results with low @entity137 were reported with administration of alpha-TNF by isolation perfusion in extracorporeal circulation. METHODS: From December 1991 to November 1992, 14 @entity1 underwent perfusion with alpha-TNF (2-4 mg, total dose), gamma-interferon (1.5 x 10(6) IU), and @entity3601 (10 mg/l/perfused limb). Twelve @entity1 presented in-transit metastases of the limbs, one @entity1 , a clear cell sarcoma of the hand, and one @entity1 , a wide spindle cell @entity189 of the thigh. Perfusion lasted 90 minutes and was conducted in mild @entity221 (38-40.5 degrees C, muscle temperature). RESULTS: Nine complete regressions and four stable diseases were recorded. In one case, a reliable evaluation of response was not possible for diffused tissue @entity39 . Five @entity1 relapsed or progressed locally from 3 to 4 months after surgery, five presented distant localizations from 2 to 7 months after surgery, and one died of disease 6 months after perfusion. Twelve @entity1 are alive, seven without evidence of disease. @entity326 was observed in all @entity1 and required administration of @entity935 , @entity452 , or @entity1063 . One @entity1 died 30 days after perfusion from a @entity177 , likely due to alpha-TNF. The follow-up time ranges from 4 to 15 months (median, 6). CONCLUSIONS: The preliminary, impressive results reported in other series were not completely confirmed in this study adopting the same treatment scheme. Further clinical experience and biologic data are needed to state the real efficacy of the approach and to reduce the severe general @entity137 consistently associated with this type of treatment.

title: Treatment of primary or relapsing limb @entity5 by isolation perfusion with high-dose alpha- XXXX @entity39 factor, gamma-interferon, and melphalan.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity452 :: ('MESH:D004280', 'Chemical') :: ['dobutamine']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity326 :: ('MESH:D012772', 'Disease') :: ['A septic-like shock syndrome']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity3601 :: ('MESH:D008558', 'Chemical') :: ['melphalan']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['multiorgan-failure syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['noradrenaline']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['hyperthermia']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumor']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The present study was performed to determine the mechanisms for @entity2922 -induced @entity854 and to compare the diagnostic efficacy of two @entity2661 : @entity45193 and @entity452 . BACKGROUND: @entity2922 stress echocardiography is used to induce regional @entity854 for the detection of @entity453 , but the mechanism by which these abnormalities occur is unknown. METHODS: Ten @entity1707 were instrumented with left circumflex coronary artery ameroid constrictors, sonomicrometers to measure transmural wall thickening in the left circumflex ( @entity63 ) and left anterior descending (control) coronary artery beds and a pressure gauge to measure left ventricular pressure and its first derivative (dP/dt). Myocardial blood flow was measured by microspheres. RESULTS: At 38 +/- 6 days (mean +/- SEM) after surgery, percent wall thickening was normal at rest in both beds but abnormal in the left circumflex coronary artery bed during atrial pacing. These findings were associated with reduced myocardial blood flow in the @entity63 bed during atrial pacing. @entity452 infusion increased percent wall thickening, with no differences between the two beds (p = 0.63). In contrast, @entity45193 infusion increased percent wall thickening only in the nonischemic bed, with no effect on percent wall thickening in the @entity63 bed (p = 0.03). Although the @entity1503 flow ratio tended to be reduced in the left circumflex artery bed during @entity2922 infusion (p = 0.07), both agents were similar in this effect. Despite differences in function between the beds, there was no difference in transmural myocardial blood flow between the two beds during @entity2922 infusion. When examined at matched metabolic demands, @entity45193 elicited greater differences in percent wall thickening than @entity452 between the two beds (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: @entity45193 was able to provoke regional differences in function in a manner superior to @entity452 . This occurred independently of altered transmural myocardial blood flow or differences in hemodynamic effects between the agents. Differences in their inotropic properties may be important in explaining their different effects on @entity63 myocardium.

title: Effects of @entity452 and XXXX on regional myocardial function in a porcine model of myocardial ischemia.

entities_list: @entity45193 :: ('MESH:C076559', 'Chemical') :: ['Arbutamine', 'arbutamine']

entities_list: @entity452 :: ('MESH:D004280', 'Chemical') :: ['Dobutamine', 'dobutamine']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['endocardial/epicardial blood']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['wall motion abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity2922 :: ('CHEBI:33567', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamine', 'Catecholamine']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity2661 :: ('MESH:D002395', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamines']

answer: @entity45193 :: (MESH:C076559,Chemical) :: ['arbutamine']


abstract: In this study we analyse some of the morphological and functional aspects of normal and altered development (the latter due to @entity130 ) in the @entity1 's brain. Both normal and altered development are developmental processes that progressively interconnect the different regions. The neuropathological development of subpial and periventricular @entity548 , as well as that of @entity62 , are analysed in detail. Any kind of @entity75 causes a @entity75 with possible remote repercussions. All the components (neurons, fibres, blood capillaries and neuroglias) of the affected region undergo alterations. Those that are destroyed are eliminated by the inflammatory process and those that survive are transformed. The pyramidal neurons with amputated apical dendrites are transformed and become stellate cells, the axonal terminals and those of the radial glial cells are regenerated and the region involved is reinnervated and revascularised with an altered morphology and function (altered local corticogenesis). The specific microvascular system of the grey matter protects its neurons from @entity62 . Although it survives, the grey matter is left disconnected from the afferent and efferent fibres, amputated by the @entity1188 with alterations affecting its morphology and possibly its functioning (altered local corticogenesis). Any @entity75 can modify the morphological and functional development of remote regions that are functionally interconnected with it (altered remote corticogenesis). We suggest that any local @entity1545 can alter the morphology and functioning of the regions that are morphologically and functionally interconnected with it and thus end up affecting the @entity1 's neurological and psychological development. These changes can cross different regions of the brain ( @entity302 ) and, if they eventually reach the motor region, will give rise to the motor storm that characterises @entity302 .

title: [The XXXX 's brain: normal (unaltered) development and development altered by @entity130 ].

entities_list: @entity1545 :: ('MESH:D020214', 'Disease') :: ['brain injury']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['haemorrhages']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['local lesion', 'brain damage']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epileptic auras', 'epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['infarction of the white matter', 'white matter infarct']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['perinatal injury']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['child']


abstract: Bacterial twin @entity369 translocation (Tat) pathways have evolved to facilitate transport of folded proteins across membranes. Gram-negative bacteria contain a TatABC translocase composed of three subunits named TatA, TatB, and TatC. In contrast, the Tat translocases of most Gram-positive bacteria consist of only TatA and TatC subunits. In these minimal TatAC translocases, a bifunctional TatA subunit fulfils the roles of both TatA and TatB. Here we have probed the importance of conserved residues in the bifunctional TatAy subunit of @entity3881 by site-specific mutagenesis. A set of engineered TatAy proteins with mutations in the cytoplasmic hinge and amphipathic helix regions were found to be inactive in protein translocation under standard growth conditions for @entity3881 or when heterologously expressed in @entity526 . Nevertheless, these mutated TatAy proteins did assemble into TatAy and TatAyCy complexes, and they facilitated membrane association of twin @entity369 precursor proteins in @entity526 . Interestingly, most of the mutated TatAyCy translocases were salt-sensitive in @entity3881 . Similarly, the TatAC translocases of @entity5259 and @entity794 were salt-sensitive when expressed in @entity3881 . Taken together, our present observations imply that salt-sensitive electrostatic interactions have critical roles in the preprotein translocation activity of certain TatAC type translocases from Gram-positive bacteria.

title: Salt sensitivity of minimal twin XXXX translocases.

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']

entities_list: @entity5259 :: ('1396', 'Species') :: ['Bacillus cereus']

entities_list: @entity3881 :: ('1423', 'Species') :: ['Bacillus subtilis', 'B. subtilis']

entities_list: @entity369 :: ('CHEBI:29016', 'Chemical') :: ['arginine']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli', 'E. coli']

answer: @entity369 :: (CHEBI:29016,Chemical) :: ['arginine']


abstract: It has been previously demonstrated in our laboratory that @entity6683 nucleosidase (EC 3.2.2.3) is subjected in @entity375 to inactivation. An inactivating fraction has been isolated and purified to homogeneity with a procedure which includes gel filtration, adsorption chromatography, and electrofocusing techniques. The molecular weight of the enzyme, estimated either by @entity3208 disc gel electrophoresis or by gel filtration is approximately 44,000. No quaternary structure was evidenced. The inactivating activity possesses proteolytic activity against casein and hemoglobin with pH optima of 2.5 and 3.2, respectively. The optimal pH for @entity6683 nucleosidase inactivation is around 4.7. The inactivating activity as well as the proteolytic activity of the preparation can be inhibited by IA but not by IB2 and IC, @entity375 macromolecular inhibitors for @entity21756 (EC 3.4.23.8), B (EC 3.4.22.9), and C (EC 3.4.12.8), respectively. The apparent isoelectric point is pH 4.03. The @entity1735 content is 8.5%. A comparison of the properties of the inactivating protein with those of known @entity375 proteinases leads to the conclusion that it is identical with the enzyme previously designated as @entity21756 , which for the first time has been obtained homogeneous and characterized. It has been shown that @entity21756 could play a physiological role in the @entity6683 nucleosidase inactivation process when it is associated, as a complex, with @entity46452 .

title: Inactivation of XXXX nucleosidase in @entity375 . Purification and properties of an inactivating protein.

entities_list: @entity3208 :: ('MESH:D012967', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium dodecyl sulfate']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

answer: @entity6683 :: (MESH:D014529,Chemical) :: ['uridine']


abstract: We have previously shown that @entity19 transgenic for both the @entity1 @entity916 and @entity1 @entity2178 genes ( @entity309 +) exhibit appropriate tissue- and cell-specific expression of both transgenes, have 4-fold higher plasma @entity2178 (AII) levels, and are chronically @entity101 . However, the relative contribution of circulating and tissue-derived AII in causing @entity101 in these animals is not known. We hypothesized that the brain @entity916 -angiotensin system contributes to the elevated blood pressure in this model. To address this hypothesis, mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate were measured in conscious, unrestrained @entity19 after they were instrumented with intracerebroventricular cannulae and carotid arterial and jugular vein catheters. Intracerebroventricular administration of the selective AII type 1 ( @entity14207 antagonist @entity9886 (10 microgram, 1 microL) caused a significantly greater peak fall in MAP in @entity309 + @entity19 than in nontransgenic @entity309 - controls (-29+/-4 versus -4+/-2 mm Hg, P<0.01). To explore the mechanism of a central @entity916 -angiotensin system-dependent @entity101 in @entity309 + @entity19 , we determined the relative depressor responses to intravenous administration of the ganglionic blocking agent @entity4033 (5 mg/kg) or an @entity5463 ( @entity1831 ) V1 receptor antagonist (AVPX, 10 microgram/kg). @entity4033 caused equal lowering of MAP in @entity309 + @entity19 and controls (-46+/-3 versus -52+/-3, P>0.05), whereas @entity47374 caused a significantly greater fall in MAP in @entity309 + compared with @entity309 - @entity19 (-24+/-2 versus -6+/-1, P<0.01). Consistent with this was the observation that circulating AVP was 3-fold higher in @entity309 + @entity19 than in control @entity19 . These results suggest that increased activation of central AT-1 receptors, perhaps those located at sites involved in AVP release from the posterior pituitary gland, plays a role in the @entity101 in @entity309 + @entity19 . Furthermore, our finding that both @entity1 transgenes are expressed in brain regions of @entity309 + @entity19 known to be involved in cardiovascular regulation raises the possibility that augmented local production of AII and increased activation of AT-1 receptors at these sites is involved.

title: The brain @entity916 -angiotensin system contributes to the @entity101 in @entity19 containing both the XXXX @entity916 and @entity1 @entity2178 transgenes.

entities_list: @entity4033 :: ('MESH:D018738', 'Chemical') :: ['Hexamethonium', 'hexamethonium']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity2178 :: ('183', 'Gene') :: ['angiotensin II', 'angiotensinogen']

entities_list: @entity5463 :: ('MESH:D001127', 'Chemical') :: ['arginine vasopressin']

entities_list: @entity9886 :: ('MESH:D019808', 'Chemical') :: ['losartan']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: This report summarizes current knowledge about @entity13617 practices during pregnancy through a systematic review of the literature for the period 1950 through 1990. Pica behavior was considered in terms of its prevalence, risk factors, clinical profile, and effect on pregnancy outcome. Data on @entity13617 practices by pregnant @entity1 are limited and inconclusive but reveal several interesting relationships. The prevalence of @entity13617 among pregnant @entity1 in high-risk groups declined between the 1950s and the 1970s but now remains steady, affecting about one fifth of high-risk @entity1 . @entity1 at high risk of @entity13617 are more likely to be black, to live in rural areas, and to have a positive childhood and family history of @entity13617 . The clinical picture of the disorder during pregnancy is not well described. The evidence suggests that @entity13617 during pregnancy results in @entity417 , but it is not definitive. Pica also has been associated with maternal and perinatal mortality. We conclude that the behavior is more prevalent than commonly believed, shows no sign of further decline, and may have serious effects, particularly @entity417 , on mother and @entity1 . Dietetic practitioners who counsel pregnant @entity1 should ask questions about @entity13617 when they conduct nutrition assessments of their clients.

title: Pica practices of pregnant XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Women', 'infant']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: Aging is often associated with a dysregulation in immune function, particularly in T-cell responses, even in the healthy elderly. Adequate nutrition is important for optimal immune function. The literature on the relation of nutritional status with immune function in the elderly offers mixed findings. Because several nutrients can influence immune response, and there are interactions among nutrients, examining the association of various nutrients measured simultaneously with tests of immune function is important. We examined the association of protein, @entity68 , @entity219 , @entity2186 , and @entity1501 with tests of acquired immunity in healthy older @entity1 (76.7 +/- 7.0 y; n = 130). Discriminant analysis was used to identify the predictive subset of nutrients that could correctly classify subjects into the lowest or highest quartiles (< or =25th or >75th percentile) on various immune function tests (T cells and subsets and lymphocyte proliferation in response to culture with mitogens). Protein and @entity68 status variables were identified in the predictive subset for all immune tests; in addition, @entity219 emerged in the predictive model for T cells and their subsets as well as for the proliferation response to concanavalin A. The probability of correctly classifying @entity1 into the lowest or highest quartiles of immune tests by the predictive subset of nutrition variables was high, i.e., 62.8-83.5% for T cells and their subsets, and 79.3-89.7% for the proliferation response to mitogens. In conclusion, protein, @entity68 , and @entity219 were significant predictors of immune function in older @entity1 . Adequate status of these nutrients may help maintain immunity in older adults.

title: Nutritional status predicts primary subclasses of T cells and the lymphocyte proliferation response in healthy older XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1501 :: ('MESH:D005492', 'Chemical') :: ['folic acid']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: PURPOSE: To clarify whether the depth of ulceration evaluated by endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) influences a modified dual therapy with @entity115 and @entity10042 for the treatment of @entity1534 -positive @entity1 with @entity2275 . @entity1 AND METHODS: Twenty-two consecutive cases of @entity2275 (nine superficial @entity1066 and 13 deep @entity1066 ) in @entity1534 -positive @entity1 were studied. Ten of 22 @entity1 received a two-week eradication therapy with @entity115 1500 mg/day, @entity10042 30 mg/day and a new antiulcer agent with features in common with @entity5418 , ecabet @entity1372 , 2.0 g/day. They continued to receive the same doses of @entity10042 and @entity29961 for the next six weeks. The other 12 @entity1 received the same therapy except for those who underwent the four-week @entity115 treatment. All @entity1 underwent EUS both at the start of the study and eight weeks later. They then received ecabet @entity1372 alone for the next six months as a maintenance therapy, followed by a six-month interval with no treatment. The final endoscopy was done one year after @entity1534 eradication therapy was completed to evaluate @entity1534 status and @entity1066 recurrence. RESULTS: The rates of endoscopic healing and @entity1534 eradication in the nine @entity1 with superficial @entity1066 were 100%, irrespective of the period of @entity115 treatment. In contrast, the rates of endoscopic evidence of healing and @entity1534 eradication in the 13 @entity1 with deep @entity1066 were different for each period of @entity115 treatment; that is, the rates of reduction in @entity1066 determined by echo and @entity1534 eradication in the four @entity1 treated with the two-week @entity115 course were significantly lower (P=0.03) than those in the nine @entity1 treated with the four-week course. CONCLUSION: @entity1066 is likely to influence the success of @entity115 treatment for @entity1534 -positive @entity1 with @entity2275 .

title: Does the depth of gastric ulceration influence a modified dual therapy with @entity115 and XXXX for @entity1534 -associated @entity2275 ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity115 :: ('MESH:D000658', 'Chemical') :: ['amoxicillin']

entities_list: @entity29961 :: ('MESH:C061681', 'Chemical') :: ['ecabet sodium']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulcer', 'Ulcer depth', 'ulcers']

entities_list: @entity5418 :: ('MESH:D013392', 'Chemical') :: ['sucralfate']

entities_list: @entity10042 :: ('MESH:C058687', 'Chemical') :: ['lansoprazole']

entities_list: @entity1534 :: ('210', 'Species') :: ['H pylori', 'Helicobacter pylori']

entities_list: @entity2275 :: ('MESH:D013276', 'Disease') :: ['gastric ulcer']

answer: @entity10042 :: (MESH:C058687,Chemical) :: ['lansoprazole']


abstract: @entity981 ( @entity981 ) and @entity3052 ( @entity3052 ) blasts were studied for their sensitivity to the lytic activity of normal allogeneic @entity1199 ( @entity1199 ) activated killer (LAK) cells, and of autologous LAK effectors generated at the time of complete remission (CR). In 12 of 23 @entity981 cases (52%), the blasts were susceptible to normal LAK cells (> 15% lysis) and ten of them achieved a CR. Of the remaining 11 LAK-resistant cases, seven obtained a CR. No correlation was found between susceptibility to LAK activity, cytomorphology, immunophenotype, CR duration and survival. Eighteen of the 26 AMLs tested (70%) were susceptible to normal LAK cells, and nine of the 13 cases studied (70%) were also lysed by autologous LAK effectors generated at CR. No clearcut correlation was observed between blast sensitivity to normal LAK cells and morphologic cytotype, though a higher incidence of resistant cases was observed in the M4 subgroup. All AMLs susceptible to normal LAK cells but one achieved a CR, while this occurred only in three of the eight resistant cases (p = 0.004). The median survival and event-free survival duration in the resistant @entity1 were significantly shorter (p = 0.03 and p = 0.02, respectively) compared to those of the susceptible @entity1 . In ten @entity981 and in six @entity3052 , which at presentation displayed less than 10% circulating blasts, the susceptibility of the leukemic population to normal and autologous LAK effectors could be tested, both at diagnosis and at remission. All cases but one were resistant to autologous LAK cells generated at diagnosis, while at CR, seven cases (four @entity981 and three @entity3052 ) became susceptible to autologous LAK cells (p = 0.01). The remaining nine were resistant to both allogeneic and autologous LAK effectors. Taken together, these findings suggest that in @entity3052 , but not in @entity981 , the LAK cell compartment may play a role in the clinical course and overall outcome of the disease.

title: In vitro susceptibility of XXXX cells to the cytotoxic activity of allogeneic and autologous lymphokine activated killer (LAK) effectors: correlation with the rate and duration of complete remission and with survival.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity981 :: ('MESH:D054198', 'Disease') :: ['Acute lymphoblastic leukemia', 'ALL']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute myeloblastic leukemia', 'AML']

answer: @entity3052 :: (MESH:D015470,Disease) :: ['acute leukemia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the body fat distribution and fat cell size and number in an overweight/ @entity28 population from both genders, and to determine the possible relationship between fat cell data from three different adipose tissue localizations (subcutaneous (SA), perivisceral and omental) and adipose tissue composition and dietary @entity844 . DESIGN: The sample consisted of 84 overweight/ @entity28 @entity1 (29 @entity1 and 55 @entity1 ) who have undergone abdominal surgery. The adipocyte size and total fat cell number was studied. Fat cell data were related with anthropometric, adipose tissue and subject's habitual diet @entity844 composition. MEASUREMENTS: Fat cell size was measured according to a Sj  str  m method from the three adipose depots. Total fat cell number was also calculated. The @entity844 composition of adipose tissue was examined by gas chromatography. The subjects diet was studied by a 7 days dietary record. RESULTS: Our data showed a negative relationship between the adipocyte size and the n-6 and n-3 @entity1718 content of the SA adipose tissue (r=-0.286, P=0,040; r=-0.300, P=0.030) respectively, and the n-6 in the omental depots (r=-0.407, P=0.049) in the total population. Positive associations with the total of saturated (r=0.357, P=0.045) and negative (r=-0.544, P=0.001) with the n-9 @entity1718 were observed when the relationship between the adipocyte number and the @entity844 composition of the different anatomical fat regions was studied. Dietary @entity1718 composition positively correlated with fat cell size for the @entity18257 (14:0) in @entity1 in the visceral depot (r=0.822, P=0.023), and for the @entity1718 ( @entity10194 ) in @entity1 in the omental depot (r=0.486, P=0.035). CONCLUSION: In the present study, for the first time in @entity1 we found that n-3 and n-6 @entity1718 are related to a reduced adipocyte size according to the depot localization. In contrast, adipose tissue and dietary @entity10194 significantly correlated with an increase in fat cell size and number. No significant associations were found between n-9 acids content and adipocyte size. However, n-9 adipose tissue @entity1718 content was inversely associated with fat cell number showing that this type of @entity844 could limit @entity1373 in @entity28 populations. The differences observed in the three different regions, perivisceral, omental and SA fat, indicate that this population adipose tissue have depot-specific differences.

title: Relationship between fat cell size and number and @entity844 composition in adipose tissue from different fat depots in overweight/ @entity28 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'humans', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity844 :: ('CHEBI:35366', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity18257 :: ('MESH:D019814', 'Chemical') :: ['myristic acid']

entities_list: @entity1373 :: ('MESH:D006965', 'Disease') :: ['hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acids', 'saturated fatty acids']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['humans']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study was to determine preoperative serum levels of epidermal growth factor (EGF), @entity650 ( @entity650 ), and @entity1851 ( @entity1851 ) in @entity5 and correlate them with disease status and prognosis. The circulating EGF in correlation with primary site @entity470 ( @entity470 ) was also evaluated. METHODS: Seventy-seven @entity1 with curatively resected @entity5 were selected for analysis. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine EGF and @entity650 serum levels, and serum @entity1851 levels were measured via immunoturbidimetry. @entity470 expression was observed with immunohistochemical studies. RESULTS: The median levels of @entity470 , @entity650 , and @entity1851 were 189.4 pg/mL, 9.09 pg/mL, and 1.4  mg/mL, respectively. The factors related to recurrence with statistical significance included positive node status (P = 0.041), lymphovascular invasion (P = 0.001), and preoperative @entity650 level >= 9 pg/mL (P = 0.020). @entity1851 and EGF levels were not significantly associated with disease-free survival rates (P = 0.438 and P = 0.309, respectively). Multivariate analysis using Cox's proportion model revealed that lymph node status was the single independent prognostic factor for predicting time until recurrence (odds ratio, 4.99; 95% confidence interval, 1.09-22.91; P = 0.038). CONCLUSION: @entity650 expression in @entity5 @entity1 appears to be a prognostic marker of @entity5 behavior. No correlations between serum EGF concentrations and @entity5 @entity470 positivity were found in this study.

title: Prognostic value of circulating cytokines for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'stage III colon cancer']

entities_list: @entity470 :: ('1956', 'Gene') :: ['EGFR', 'epidermal growth factor receptor']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein', 'CRP']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['stage III colon cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Novel vascular scaffolds aim at equipoise between safety and efficacy. Intravascular optical coherence tomography (OCT) allows in-vivo serial assessment of stent-vessel interactions with high resolution and frequent sampling and may complement histology assessment. We investigated the vascular response to a novel absorbable coating @entity3446 -eluting stent (AC-SES) by means of serial OCT and histology evaluation in a porcine model. METHODS: One AC-SES and one bare-metal stent (BMS) were implanted in separate coronary arteries of three Yucatan mini- @entity1707 . Serial OCT was performed post procedure and at 3-, 28-, 90-, and 180-day follow-up. Normalized optical density (NOD) was used for the assessment of tissue response over time. Histological evaluation was performed at day 180. RESULTS: A total of 6408 stent struts were analyzed. OCT revealed 100% of struts covered at 28 days, and a significant difference in NOD from 3 to 28 days (0.64    0.07 vs 0.71    0.05, respectively; P<.001) in the AC-SES group. Neointimal thickness was 0.14    0.08 mm, 0.17    0.11 mm, and 0.16    0.09 mm in the AC-SES group and 0.18    0.10 mm, 0.14    0.09 mm, and 0.10    0.08 mm in the BMS group, while rates of uncovered struts were 0%, 0%, and 3.1% and 1.4%, 7.8%, and 21.5%, respectively, at 28, 90, and 180 days. Minimal @entity32 and a mature endothelialization were demonstrated in both groups by histology. CONCLUSION: OCT serial assessment of vascular response suggested NIH maturation 28 days following AC-SES implantation in @entity1707 . These findings, coupled with histological demonstration of low @entity32 scores and complete endothelial coverage as measured at 180 days, suggest a satisfactory healing response to AC-SES.

title: Serial Evaluation of Vascular Response After Implantation of a New XXXX -Eluting Stent With Bioabsorbable Polymer (MISTENT): an optical coherence tomography and histopathological study.

entities_list: @entity3446 :: ('MESH:D020123', 'Chemical') :: ['sirolimus']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

answer: @entity3446 :: (MESH:D020123,Chemical) :: ['Sirolimus']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The motor mechanisms that underlie both slow gastric emptying in @entity6 and its acceleration by @entity4392 are poorly understood. We have recently shown that magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allows concurrent evaluation of both gastric emptying and regional gastric motility. METHODS: Emptying and motility were measured in eight @entity6 @entity1 with previously demonstrated @entity356 using a rapid MRI technique during oral administration of @entity4392 and placebo. Studies were performed in a double blind fashion and each @entity1 acted as his own control. Subjects were studied supine for 120 min in a 1.5 Tesla MRI scanner after ingestion of 500 ml of 10% Intralipid. Gastric emptying corrected for the volume of secretions was determined every 15 min using transaxial scans. Each transaxial scan was followed by 120 coronal scans at 1 s intervals. Coronal scans were angled to provide simultaneous imaging of the proximal and distal stomach. MRI studies were also performed in seven @entity6 @entity1 with normal emptying who served as disease controls. RESULTS: Emptying was slower in the gastroparetic @entity1 (t(1/2): 124 +/- 10 min) compared to @entity1 with normal emptying (81 +/- 9 min, p < 0.05). @entity4392 accelerated gastric emptying (74 +/- 5 vs 124 +/- 10 min) in @entity1 with @entity7623 . The contraction amplitudes in the proximal stomach of gastroparetic @entity1 were increased during @entity4392 treatment (17.2% +/- 1.8% vs 13.2% +/- 0.6%; p < 0.02), whereas antral contraction frequency, amplitude, and velocity were unchanged. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that @entity4392 -induced acceleration of liquid gastric emptying in @entity6 does not appear to result from changes in antral contractility, but may be related to changes in proximal gastric tone or gastric outlet resistance.

title: Evaluation of gastric emptying and motility in @entity6 with magnetic resonance imaging: effects of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity4392 :: ('MESH:D020117', 'Chemical') :: ['Cisapride', 'cisapride']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic gastroparesis', 'diabetic']

entities_list: @entity7623 :: ('MESH:D018589', 'Disease') :: ['gastroparesis']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['delayed gastric emptying']

answer: @entity4392 :: (MESH:D020117,Chemical) :: ['cisapride']


abstract: Histological samples from 60 invasive @entity0 were investigated for immunoreactivity for the receptor for @entity2290 ( @entity2290 ) with the use of two monoclonal antibodies recognizing different epitopes. In 51 cases, @entity2290 immunoreactivity was observed, and in 49 of these specimens, a population of periductal tissue macrophages showed pronounced @entity2290 immunoreactivity in areas with infiltrating and @entity3821 . In the 2 remaining positive specimens no stromal immunoreactivity was seen. The @entity189 cells were found to contain @entity2290 immunoreactivity in 8 of the 51 positive cases, including the two specimens that did not show stromal immunostaining. Immunoactivity was not found in the epithelial cells of @entity189 in situ components occasionally seen in the specimens, but stromal macrophage-like cells which had invaded such lesions were positive. In most specimens a subpopulation of tissue neutrophils was also positive. Normally appearing epithelium in all specimens investigated was negative, and no other tissue elements were stained in any of the samples. Ten samples of normal female breast tissue were negative. This is the first report on the immunohistochemical distribution of @entity2290 in @entity1 @entity5 tissue, and the results provide evidence for a role of the urokinase receptor in providing tissue macrophages a means of directing proteolysis at sites of @entity0 . This macrophage-mediated proteolytic activity is suggested to be involved in the invasion and subsequent distant spreading of this malignancy.

title: Receptor for urokinase is present in XXXX -associated macrophages in @entity0 .

entities_list: @entity3821 :: ('MESH:D002285', 'Disease') :: ['intraductal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer invasion', 'ductal breast carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity2290 :: ('5328', 'Gene') :: ['uPAR', 'urokinase-type plasminogen activator']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumor']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: Results of the surgical management of 60 adults with @entity2941 at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Taipei are presented. @entity1 AND METHODS: All @entity1 were diagnosed and surgically managed during the period between March 1979 and December 1992. There were 47 females and 13 males, with ages ranging from 16 to 81 years (mean age = 31.9 years). Of the total, there were 41 Type I, one Type II, 14 Type IV, and four Type V @entity2941 classified according to Todani's classification system. The definite surgical procedures were cyst excision and hepatico-jejunostomy in 43 cases in type I and IV diseases, one cyst excision in @entity66 , two hepatectomy for type V disease, @entity45 in seven cases, and T-tube choledochocystostomy in seven cases. RESULTS: The operative mortality rate was 3.3% and the complication rate related to the surgical procedure was 20%. Early postoperative complications include @entity2737 , leakage of @entity254 , @entity656 , @entity326 , left @entity1143 , and intra-abdominal abscessing. Reoperations were needed in the early postoperative days in two cases due to @entity2680 and intraabdominal abscess formation. Long-term surgical outcome, concerning recurrence of symptoms, was related to the following factors, excluding the factors of surgery: presence of bile duct lithiasis, common channel less than 22 mm, presence of preoperative @entity788 and acute angle type pancreaticobiliary unions. Only common channel less than 22 mm is statistically significant. The percentage of recurrence of the symptoms after resectional surgery was 32.5% in the long term follow-up period. Most of the cases responded well to an antibiotics treatment. Three of the cases required a second operation or PTCD as well as dilatation to treat the recurrent @entity255 . CONCLUSION: Although the recurrence of symptoms is not uncommon and satisfactory explanation of the analysed factors is still the treatment of choice for adult @entity1 with @entity2941 .

title: Surgical treatment of XXXX in adults: results and long-term follow-up.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1143 :: ('MESH:D010996', 'Disease') :: ['pleural effusion']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['type II disease']

entities_list: @entity656 :: ('MESH:D019283', 'Disease') :: ['acute pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity326 :: ('MESH:D012772', 'Disease') :: ['septic shock']

entities_list: @entity2941 :: ('MESH:D015529', 'Disease') :: ['choledochal cysts']

entities_list: @entity2680 :: ('MESH:D003763', 'Disease') :: ['hepatico-jejunostomy leakage']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity2737 :: ('MESH:D014946', 'Disease') :: ['wound infection']

entities_list: @entity45 :: ('MESH:D010181', 'Disease') :: ['cyst enterostomy']

entities_list: @entity255 :: ('MESH:D002761', 'Disease') :: ['cholangitis']

answer: @entity2941 :: (MESH:D015529,Disease) :: ['choledochal cyst']