abstract: AIMS OF THE STUDY: Recent studies described several changes of attention-related components of late frontal event-related potentials (ERPs) during Go/ @entity14841 paradigm in @entity1 with @entity71 ( @entity71 ). We aimed to determine whether ERP components corresponding to earlier encoding of @entity227 are also modulated by attentional disorders. METHODS: We recorded high-resolution EEG in 15 @entity1 meeting DSM-IV criteria for @entity71 , comprising 15 age-matched control groups during an equiprobable Go/ @entity14841 task in a cued continuous performance test (CPT-AX) paradigm. Both @entity7286 and N200 ERP components were measured in response to both Go and @entity14841 stimuli. We analyzed both components with SwLORETA in order to localize their brain sources. RESULTS: A low rate of Go correct response and high rate of omission errors were observed in @entity71 @entity1 . When compared to controls, these displayed delayed @entity7286 and N200 latency, and lower @entity7286 - @entity14841 amplitude. In addition, the @entity7286 latency was delayed for @entity14841 compared to Go condition. The source of @entity7286 was located in occipital area. A sizable decrease in early electrical activity was found in @entity71 , especially in the @entity14841 condition. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest an early @entity227 in @entity1 with @entity71 .

title: Visual sensory processing deficit in the occipital region in XXXX with @entity71 as revealed by event-related potentials during cued continuous performance test.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual incoming information', 'deficit in visual sensory integration within the occipital cortex']

entities_list: @entity71 :: ('MESH:D001289', 'Disease') :: ['ADHD', 'attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: @entity1 subjects were exposed to @entity3321 ( @entity3321 , PER). The duration of exposure ranged from one to 60 minutes and the concentration of PER in inhaled air ranged from 0.02 to 0.40 mmol/m3. Alveolar air was sampled after several residence times (t*) in the lung. Both during and after exposure, the concentration of PER in alveolar air (C @entity3322 ) as a function of the residence time was studied to estimate the concentration in the pulmonary artery (C Ven: mixed venous blood) and in the pulmonary vein (C Art: arterial blood). During exposure C @entity3322 decreased as function of t*. At t* = 10 s C @entity3322 was 70-75% of the value presented at t* = 5 s; this decrease approximates an exponential curve. C @entity3322 seemed to stabilise at t* = 10-12 s, whereas it decreased more rapidly at t* greater than 12 s; this decrease continued up to at least t* = 55 s when C @entity3322 was about 40% of the value it represented at t* = 5 s. In the postexposure period C @entity3322 increased as function of t* from 5 to 10 s. Both during and after exposure, no difference was observed between C @entity3322 at t* = 10 s and C @entity3322 in the exhaled part of the expiratory reserve volume. A simple gas exchange model showed that the decrease or increase of C @entity3322 at t* less than 10 s could be explained by either absorption or excretion by mixed venous blood. C @entity3322 at t* = 10-12 s provided a valid estimate of C Ven. To estimate C Art, its fluctuating character due to the discontinuous breathing with a breathing frequency had to be taken into account. It is shown that C @entity3322 during normal breathing (t* = 5 s) provides a reasonable estimate of the time weighted concentration in arterial blood.

title: Alveolar sampling and fast kinetics of @entity3321 in XXXX . I. Alveolar sampling.

entities_list: @entity3321 :: ('MESH:D013750', 'Chemical') :: ['tetrachloroethene', 'perchloroethylene']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['man']


abstract: The expression of @entity1364 ( @entity1364 ) and Ki-67 was studied in unicystic and solid @entity1567 (follicular and plexiform types) using a @entity1885 -streptavidin method on routinely processed paraffin sections. To determine percentage @entity1364 and Ki-67 labelling indices, positive @entity5 cells and total @entity5 cells were counted in areas of each @entity1567 corresponding to cystic linings, intraluminal nodules and invading @entity5 islands, and in solid @entity1567 . Positive cells in basal and suprabasal layers of @entity5 lining were also counted with respect to the length of basement membrane determined by image analysis. In @entity1567 the invading islands exhibited a significantly higher @entity1364 labelling index (29.2 +/- 16.4%) than intraluminal nodules (13.6 +/- 5.4%; P < 0.05). @entity5 lining had relatively few @entity1364 positive cells and a labelling index (5.5 +/- 3.3%) significantly lower than invading islands (P < 0.001) or intraluminal nodules (P < 0.003). The labelling indices of solid @entity1567 of follicular type (48.1 +/- 12.9%) were significantly higher than those of @entity5 lining (P < 0.0001), intraluminal nodules (P < 0.001) and invading islands (P < 0.04) in @entity1567 . Similar relationships were found for Ki-67 expression except that comparisons involving invading islands and intraluminal nodules were not significant, a finding probably due to the smaller number of specimens available for quantitative analysis. These results indicate differences in proliferative potential between different areas of @entity1567 and between unicystic and solid lesions. The fact that invading @entity5 islands within the fibrous tissue wall showed high labelling indices is in agreement with the clinical observation that their presence may be related to recurrence after conservative surgery. This provides a biological basis for indicating more radical surgical excision as the treatment of choice for this subgroup of lesions.

title: Expression of @entity1364 ( @entity1364 ) and Ki-67 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1364 :: ('5111', 'Gene') :: ['proliferating cell nuclear antigen', 'PCNA']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cystic tumour', 'Cystic tumour', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity1567 :: ('MESH:D000564', 'Disease') :: ['ameloblastoma', 'ameloblastomas', 'unicystic ameloblastoma']

answer: @entity1567 :: (MESH:D000564,Disease) :: ['unicystic ameloblastoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of long-term sacral neuromodulation (InterStim(R), Medtronic Inc., Minneapolis, MN) in treating chronic @entity2371 associated with @entity2335 ( @entity2337 , a symptom complex of urinary urgency, frequency and @entity2371 , often necessitating narcotics) refractory to standard therapy. @entity1 AND METHODS: Twenty-one @entity1 (17 female, four male, mean age 45.5 years, range 17-68) with refractory @entity2337 with chronic @entity2371 were reviewed retrospectively. In these @entity1 a mean of six previous treatments for @entity2337 had failed. All @entity1 had had cystoscopy and hydrodistension to confirm their diagnoses. All had a permanent InterStim device implanted by one surgeon (K.M.P.) between 2000 and 2002, after responding to a temporary test. Data were collected from chart reviews and @entity1 questionnaires. Intramuscular @entity1286 dose equivalents (MDEs) were calculated before and after implantation. RESULTS: All 21 @entity1 responded to the questionnaire; the mean (range) follow-up after implantation was 15.4 (7.4-23.1) months. Eighteen @entity1 used chronic narcotics before the InterStim and 20 reported moderate or marked improvement in @entity158 afterward. The mean MDE decreased from 81.6 to 52.0 mg/day (36%) after implantation (P = 0.015). Four of 18 @entity1 stopped all narcotics after InterStim implantation. CONCLUSIONS: Sacral neuromodulation decreases narcotic requirements and subjective @entity2371 in @entity1 with refractory @entity2337 . Further decreases in MDE are anticipated as dose reductions continue in @entity1 who improved.

title: Sacral neuromodulation decreases narcotic requirements in refractory XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity2371 :: ('MESH:D017699', 'Disease') :: ['pelvic pain']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine']

entities_list: @entity2335 :: ('MESH:D003556', 'Disease') :: ['interstitial cystitis']

answer: @entity2335 :: (MESH:D003556,Disease) :: ['interstitial cystitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Most reconstructions for lower lip palsy focus on paralyzing the contralateral normal lip or providing static support on the affected side. The authors' unit has reported dynamic strategies for lower lip reanimation and use of 40 percent of the hypoglossal nerve (mini-hypoglossal) in facial reanimation. They report their experience with @entity3306 . METHODS: Between 1987 and 2005, 29 @entity1 with @entity3541 had lower lip reanimation with the mini-hypoglossal as the motor donor. Twenty @entity1 had transfer of the mini-hypoglossal to the cervicofacial branch of the facial nerve and nine had direct @entity121 . Five @entity1 had a mean denervation time of 14.60 +/- 4.50 months (<2 years), and the rest had a mean denervation time of 10.63 +/- 9.23 years. In late cases, the facial nerve was in-continuity, and preoperative needle electromyographs of depressors showed at least fibrillations. Standardized videos taken preoperatively and at 2 years postoperatively were available for 27 @entity1 and assessed by three independent reviewers. Needle electromyographic results were analyzed. RESULTS: Thirteen @entity1 (48.15 percent) achieved excellent and good results, nine (33.33 percent) had moderate results, and five (18.52 percent) obtained fair results. The difference between the averaged preoperative and postoperative scores was statistically significant, as was the difference in electromyographic outcomes (p < 0.0001, Wilcoxon signed rank test). The nerve transfer and direct neurotization groups had no statistically significant difference in clinical and electromyographic outcomes. Four @entity1 required muscle transfer for further outcome upgrading. CONCLUSION: Use of the mini-hypoglossal either for nerve transfer or for direct muscle neurotization of lower lip depressors can provide reinnervation and satisfactory clinical function, even for muscles with prolonged partial denervation.

title: Outcomes of @entity121 for restoration of lower lip function in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3306 :: ('MESH:D008047', 'Disease') :: ['mini-hypoglossal nerve transfer for lower lip palsy']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['depressor muscle neurotization']

entities_list: @entity3541 :: ('MESH:D005158', 'Disease') :: ['unilateral facial palsy']

answer: @entity3541 :: (MESH:D005158,Disease) :: ['facial palsy']


abstract: @entity1072 ( @entity1072 ) is the most common form of @entity1778 in the Western world. The natural clinical course is highly variable and chemotherapy is usually not indicated in early and stable disease. Treatment is needed in the progressive form of this @entity1778 . Chlorambucil, with or without @entity230 , has been for many years the drug of choice in the treatment of @entity1072 . More recently, treatment approaches have included @entity2353 analogues, (NA) @entity3118 (FAMP) and @entity8778 ( @entity17594 , @entity8778 ), which seem to be the treatment of choice for @entity1 failing standard therapies. Their role as first line therapy is being investigated in randomized trials and the results have recently been published. These studies have shown a higher overall response and complete remission (CR) rate and longer response duration in @entity1 treated initially with NA than with @entity5805 or @entity786 -based combination regimens. In contrast, overall survival is similar in @entity1 treated with NA and alkylating agents. However, the randomized trials were designed as crossover studies which may influence survival. Combined use of NA with other cytotoxic drugs, cytokines, monoclonal antibodies and other agents may increase the CR and prolong survival time. However, the results of randomized trials comparing combination treatment with NA alone are not yet available. In conclusion, alkylating agents still have an important place in the routine management of the majority of @entity1072 @entity1 . NA should be routinely used as second line treatment and possibly as first line therapy in younger @entity1 , who are candidates for potentially curative treatment such as stem cell transplantation and/or monoclonal antibodies.

title: Alkylating agents and @entity2353 analogues in the treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity8778 :: ('MESH:D017338', 'Chemical') :: ['cladribine', '2-chlorodeoxyadenosine']

entities_list: @entity2353 :: ('CHEBI:33838', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleoside']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity1072 :: ('MESH:D015451', 'Disease') :: ['CLL', 'Chronic lymphocytic leukemia']

entities_list: @entity5805 :: ('MESH:D002699', 'Chemical') :: ['chlorambucil']

entities_list: @entity3118 :: ('MESH:C024352', 'Chemical') :: ['fludarabine']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

answer: @entity1072 :: (MESH:D015451,Disease) :: ['B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia']


abstract: @entity3252 is one of the most common @entity2927 among @entity1 . Mostly asymptomatic, in few cases it may be dangerous for @entity1 's health and life. A @entity281 in pregnant @entity1 and in @entity1 with @entity3230 is especially serious in results. Diagnostic tests, which enable to distinguish the latent phase of the infection from the active one play a preponderant role in the fight against @entity3252 . In the present research we have showed the analysis of the levels of specific antibodies during the 7 @entity3204 infection. The aim of our study was to evaluate prevalence of @entity3204 and number of acute and @entity281 among @entity1 examined by Department of Microbiology of Jagiellonian University Medical College in Cracow in 2005 year. Sabin-Feldmana dye test and enzyme immunoassay ELISA have been applied. The prevalence of T gondii antibodies in studied population were 59.5%. @entity281 were showed in the group of 71.3% examined @entity1 . Amount of @entity697 estimated about 18.4%.

title: [Serologic researches conducted towards XXXX in the department of microbiology of Jagiellonian university medical college in in 2005 year].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'people', 'men']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute toxoplasmosis infections']

entities_list: @entity2927 :: ('MESH:D015047', 'Disease') :: ['zoonotic infection']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic infections', 'chronic infections', 'primary infection']

entities_list: @entity3252 :: ('MESH:D014123', 'Disease') :: ['toxoplasmosis', 'Toxoplasmosis']

entities_list: @entity3230 :: ('MESH:C565469', 'Disease') :: ['immune deficiency']

answer: @entity3252 :: (MESH:D014123,Disease) :: ['toxoplasmosis']


abstract: PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate the usefulness of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI MRI) for the diagnosis and evaluation of @entity788 ( @entity788 ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 4 consecutive @entity1 with @entity788 , 5 @entity1 with @entity8883 ( @entity8883 ), and 13 @entity1 without @entity660 (controls) were studied. DWI was performed in the axial plane with spin-echo echo-planar imaging single-shot sequence. Apparent diffusion coefficients (ADCs) were measured in circular regions of interest in the pancreas. In @entity788 @entity1 , abdominal MRI was performed before, and 2-4 weeks after @entity134 treatment. Follow-up study was performed chronologically for up to 11 months in two @entity1 . The correlation between @entity2015 (IgG4) index (serum IgG4 value/serum IgG4 value before @entity134 treatment) was evaluated. RESULTS: In the @entity788 @entity1 , DWI of the pancreas showed high signal intensity, and the ADCs of the pancreas (mean +/- SD: 0.97 +/- 0.18 x 10(-3) mm(2)/s) were significantly lower than those in @entity1 with @entity8883 (1.45 +/- 0.10 x 10(-3) mm(2)/s) or the controls (1.45 +/- 0.16 x 10(-3) mm(2)/s) (Mann-Whitney U-test, P < 0.05). In one @entity788 @entity1 with focal swelling of the pancreas head that appeared to be a mass, DWI showed high signal intensity throughout the pancreas, indicating diffuse involvement. The ADCs of the pancreas and IgG4 index were significantly inversely correlated (Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, r (s) = -0.80, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Autoimmune @entity788 showed high signal intensity on DWI, which improved after @entity134 treatment. ADCs reflected disease activity. Thus, diffusion-weighted MRI might be useful for diagnosing @entity788 , determining the affected area, and evaluating the effect of treatment.

title: Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis', 'autoimmune pancreatitis', 'AIP']

entities_list: @entity660 :: ('MESH:D010182', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic disease']

entities_list: @entity8883 :: ('MESH:D019512', 'Disease') :: ['CP', 'chronic alcoholic pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity2015 :: ('MESH:D004406', 'Disease') :: ['ADCs of the pancreas and the immunoglobulin G4']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['autoimmune pancreatitis']


abstract: Information about the causes of @entity1 and early childhood (1-4 years) mortality was compiled from the vital registration system for the Western Area, records from the @entity1 's Hospital in Freetown and two demographic sample surveys conducted in various chiefdom headquarters towns around the country. The leading causes of @entity1 mortality are @entity116 , fevers, @entity11173 and @entity294 . A breakdown of certified @entity204 in infancy showed that @entity116 is quite important in the neonatal period accounting for as much as 68% of neonatal @entity204 . Measles and @entity294 were the leading causes of @entity204 in the last 6 months of infancy. The leading causes of early childhood @entity204 were @entity11173 , @entity294 and fevers. Nutritionally related diseases such as @entity11173 and @entity294 were seen to account for up to 40% of all early childhood @entity204 . The major factors affecting these causes of @entity204 were childbirth and childcare practices in the case of @entity116 and the nutritional status of the @entity1 in the case of @entity11173 and @entity294 . The majority of deliveries were still being performed by Traditional Birth Attendants in very unhygienic surroundings which it was felt contributed significantly to the high incidence of neonatal @entity116 . At the other childhood ages the poor nutritional status of the majority of @entity1 in Sierra Leone as shown by the results of the 1978 National Nutrition Survey was seen as the significant factor. The effects of the identified major causes of @entity1 and early childhood mortality ( @entity116 , fevers, @entity11173 , and @entity294 ) can be largely diminished by effective intervention programmes such as oral rehydration therapy and the training of Traditional Birth Attendants.

title: Causes of @entity1 and early childhood XXXX in Sierra Leone.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhoea']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['death', 'deaths']

answer: @entity204 :: (MESH:D003643,Disease) :: ['deaths']


abstract: PURPOSE: Chemokines have been implicated in the pathological process of @entity46 . We compared the effects of peritoneal fluid obtained from @entity1 with @entity46 ( @entity22253 ) and controls without @entity46 (cPF) on the release of monocyte-specific CC chemokines such as @entity2842 ( @entity2842 ), regulated upon activation normal T cell expressed and secreted ( @entity5737 ), and @entity10557 ( @entity10557 ) by neutrophils, monocytes, and T cells. Moreover, we evaluated the correlation between the levels of chemokines in @entity22253 and their release by these cells. METHODS: Cells were obtained from healthy young volunteers and cultured with @entity22253 (n = 12) or cPF (n = 8). The chemokine levels in the @entity22253 and the supernatants of cultured cells with @entity22253 were then measured by ELISA. RESULTS: There was a positive correlation between the levels of @entity2842 and @entity10557 in @entity22253 . The addition of @entity22253 to the cell cultures failed to increase the release of @entity2842 , @entity5737 , and @entity10557 when compared to cPF, but the levels of @entity5737 in @entity22253 were positively correlated with the release of @entity5737 by @entity22253 -treated monocytes and T cells. Moreover, there was a positive correlation between the levels of @entity5737 and @entity10557 released by neutrophils and between the levels of @entity2842 and @entity10557 released by T cells. Finally, the levels of @entity5737 released by monocyte-derived macrophages and monocytes cultured with @entity22253 were positively correlated. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that monocytes, neutrophils, and T cells release differential levels of @entity2842 , @entity5737 , and @entity10557 in response to stimulation with @entity22253 .

title: Effects of peritoneal fluid from @entity46 XXXX on the release of monocyte-specific chemokines by leukocytes.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2842 :: ('6347', 'Gene') :: ['monocyte chemotactic protein-1', 'MCP-1']

entities_list: @entity46 :: ('MESH:D004715', 'Disease') :: ['endometriosis']

entities_list: @entity10557 :: ('6348', 'Gene') :: ['macrophage inflammatory protein-1a', 'MIP-1a']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Several types of forceps are available for use in sampling @entity355 ( @entity355 ). Few data exist with regard to biopsy quality for histologic assessment. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate sampling quality of 3 different forceps in @entity1 with @entity355 . DESIGN: Single-center, randomized clinical trial. @entity1 : Consecutive @entity1 with @entity355 undergoing upper endoscopy. INTERVENTIONS: @entity1 randomized to have biopsy specimens taken with 1 of 3 types of forceps: standard, large capacity, or jumbo. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: Specimen adequacy was defined a priori as a well-oriented biopsy sample 2 mm or greater in diameter and with at least muscularis mucosa present. RESULTS: A total of 65 @entity1 were enrolled and analyzed (standard forceps, n = 21; large-capacity forceps, n = 21; jumbo forceps, n = 23). Compared with jumbo forceps, a significantly higher proportion of biopsy samples with large-capacity forceps were adequate (37.8% vs 25.2%, P = .002). Of the standard forceps biopsy samples, 31.9% were adequate, which was not significantly different from specimens taken with large-capacity (P = .20) or jumbo (P = .09) forceps. Biopsy specimens taken with jumbo forceps had the largest diameter (median, 3.0 mm vs 2.5 mm [standard] vs 2.8 mm [large capacity]; P = .0001). However, jumbo forceps had the lowest proportion of specimens that were well oriented (overall P = .001). LIMITATIONS: Heterogeneous @entity1 population precluded @entity1141 detection analyses. CONCLUSIONS: Our results challenge the requirement of jumbo forceps and therapeutic endoscopes to properly perform the Seattle protocol. We found that standard and large-capacity forceps used with standard upper endoscopes produced biopsy samples at least as adequate as those obtained with jumbo forceps and therapeutic endoscopes in @entity1 with @entity355 .

title: Randomized comparison of 3 different-sized biopsy forceps for quality of sampling in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity355 :: ('MESH:D001471', 'Disease') :: ['BE', "Barrett's esophagus"]

answer: @entity355 :: (MESH:D001471,Disease) :: ['Barrett's esophagus']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe presenting symptoms and signs according to age group in a cohort of 243 @entity1 with @entity2916 ( @entity2916 ) and identify earlier symptoms and signs that did not lead to immediate diagnosis. @entity1 AND METHODS: We performed a retrospective chart review for 278 @entity1 with @entity2916 who were examined at @entity1 's Hospital Boston in Massachusetts and at the Herscot Center for @entity2916 Complex, Massachusetts General Hospital. The presenting symptom or sign was the first symptom or sign to cause suspicion for @entity2916 and lead to diagnosis. Missed symptoms or signs were those that were documented in the @entity1 's chart but did not immediately lead to diagnosis. RESULTS: There were 243 @entity1 for whom there were sufficient data for inclusion in this study. @entity1 were diagnosed with @entity2916 at ages ranging from birth to 73 years. The average age at diagnosis was 7.5 years. Of the @entity1 , 81% were diagnosed before the age of 10. Diagnosis during adolescence and adulthood was not uncommon. The most common presenting symptoms and signs included new onset of @entity410 , history of @entity410 , @entity739 , family history of @entity2916 , @entity299 , and hypopigmented macules. Of the @entity1 , 39% reported missed symptoms or signs of @entity2916 , most commonly @entity410 (including @entity739 ) and dermatologic features. CONCLUSIONS: Many @entity1 had symptoms or signs of @entity2916 that did not lead to immediate diagnosis. Clinicians should be aware of the myriad potential presenting symptoms and signs of @entity2916 . Early diagnosis may reduce morbidity and mortality.

title: XXXX complex: diagnostic challenges, presenting symptoms, and commonly missed signs.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'Children', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures']

entities_list: @entity739 :: ('MESH:D013036', 'Disease') :: ['infantile spasms']

entities_list: @entity2916 :: ('MESH:D014402', 'Disease') :: ['tuberous sclerosis complex', 'TSC', 'Tuberous Sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac rhabdomyomas']

answer: @entity2916 :: (MESH:D014402,Disease) :: ['Tuberous sclerosis']


abstract: In the field of oncology, research is now focused on the development of theranostic nanosystems that combine the functions of drug delivery and imaging for diagnosis/monitoring. In this context, we designed @entity968 ( @entity970 )ylated superparamagnetic @entity1933 nanoparticles (SPIONs) for the delivery of @entity632 ( @entity3105 ), an antineoplastic agent. These @entity3105 -loaded PEGylated SPIONs, or DLPS, should be useful for the delivery of @entity3105 in vivo, as well as for magnetic drug targeting (MDT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential applications of DLPS in vivo as drug carrier systems for the reduction of xenograft @entity0 induced in @entity19 . Prior to the animal model experiments, the main internalization pathways for the nanovectors in MDA-MB435 @entity0 cells were determined to be based on caveolae- and clathrin-mediated endocytosis. The time- and quantity-dependence of the nanoparticle uptake by the cells altered the in vitro @entity137 of the DLPS. The in vitro antiproliferative effect of the DLPS was dependent not only on @entity3105 concentration, but also on the efficacy of nanoparticle internalization. Evaluation of the effect of DLPS treatment on xenograft @entity5 in @entity19 showed that DLPS limited @entity5 growth in a manner comparable to that of free @entity3105 under normal conditions of @entity5 growth. The application of an external magnetic field on @entity5 , i.e., MDT, did not improve the efficacy of the DLPS treatment. Nevertheless, the vectorization of @entity3105 with @entity20572 appears to limit the hematologic side effects usually associated with @entity3105 treatment.

title: Efficacy and Hemotoxicity of Stealth XXXX -Loaded Magnetic Nanovectors on @entity0 Xenografts.

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer', 'breast tumors']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1933 :: ('MESH:C000499', 'Chemical') :: ['iron oxide']

entities_list: @entity968 :: ('MESH:D011092', 'Chemical') :: ['polyethylene glycol']

answer: @entity632 :: (MESH:D004317,Chemical) :: ['Doxorubicin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A detailed assessment of @entity460 within the aortic root may provide important additional information regarding the risk of @entity130 during transcatheter heart valve replacement (TAVR). OBJECTIVE: We sought to delineate the effect of @entity460 volume and distribution on @entity130 during TAVR. METHODS: Thirty-three @entity1 experiencing @entity130 during TAVR with a balloon-expandable valve were compared with a control group of 153 consecutive TAVR @entity1 without @entity130 (as assessed by post-TAVR multidetector CT). Using commercial software to analyze contrast-enhanced pre-TAVR CT scans, @entity460 volume was determined in 3 regions: (1) the overall @entity1002 ( @entity1002 ), extending 10  mm down from the aortic annulus plane; (2) the upper @entity1002 , extending 2  mm down from the annulus plane; and (3) the aortic valve region. RESULTS: @entity460 volumes in the upper @entity1002 (median, 29 vs 0  mm(3); P < .0001) and overall @entity1002 (median, 74 vs 3  mm(3); P  = .0001) were higher in @entity1 who experienced @entity130 compared with the control group. @entity460 in the aortic valve region did not differ between groups. Upper @entity1002 @entity460 volume was more predictive of @entity130 than overall @entity1002 @entity460 volume (area under receiver operating curve [AUC], 0.78; 95% confidence interval, 0.69-0.86 vs AUC, 0.71; 95% confidence interval, 0.62-0.82; P  = .010). Upper @entity1002 @entity460 below the noncoronary cusp was significantly more predictive of @entity130 compared to @entity460 underneath the right coronary cusp or the left coronary cusp (AUC, 0.81 vs 0.68 vs 0.64). Prosthesis oversizing >20% (likelihood ratio test, P  = .028) and redilatation (likelihood ratio test, P  = .015) improved prediction of @entity130 by upper @entity1002 @entity460 volume. CONCLUSION: Calcification of the @entity1002 , especially in the upper @entity1002 , located below the noncoronary cusp and extending from the annular region, is predictive of @entity130 during TAVR with a balloon-expandable valve.

title: The impact of @entity460 volume and distribution in XXXX related to balloon-expandable transcatheter aortic valve replacement.

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['aortic root injury']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['LVOT', 'left ventricular outflow tract']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium', 'Calcium']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['aortic root injury']


abstract: AIMS: To critically assess the outcome of @entity189 , with or without neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. METHODS: Since April 1998 until August 2002 resectable @entity5 @entity1 referred to us have received multimodal treatment, consisting of two courses of @entity1487 , @entity900 and @entity1862 and 2 x 20 Gy of radiotherapy followed by surgery. The outcome of this treatment was compared to the outcome of a historical group of @entity5 @entity1 , treated with surgery alone in the time period 1994 to 1998. The @entity1 represent a consecutive series of 20 resectable @entity189 , referred to us since 1994. Four @entity1 (20%) were treated for squamocellular @entity189 , 16 (80%) @entity1 for @entity420 . RESULTS: Treatment related @entity137 was low and there was no death attributable to the chemoradiotherapy. Postoperative hospital mortality (< 30 days) and morbidity rates were 10% and 50%, respectively. A complete pathological response (T0) occurred in two of the nine @entity1 in the multimodal group (22%). Overall median survival was 11 months. Median survival among @entity1 in the multimodal group was 14 months, as compared with 7 months in the group treated with surgery alone (P = 0.041). CONCLUSIONS: Despite low volume, outcome of @entity189 was acceptable.

title: Outcome of XXXX in a low volume centre, with and without preoperative chemoradiotherapy.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['oesophageal cancer']

entities_list: @entity1862 :: ('MESH:D006918', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxyurea']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['surgery for oesophageal carcinoma', 'carcinoma', 'oesophageal carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorouracil']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['surgery for oesophageal carcinoma']


abstract: We have been collected the causative isolates from @entity1 with @entity293 ( @entity293 ) from the 8 institutions in Japan during 1980-1983. All strains isolated from @entity293 and recognized as etiologically responsible in each institution were sent to Bacteriology Laboratory of Juntendo University Hospital, Tokyo and the species of these strains were reidentified. We classified the @entity293 into 3 categories, simple, complicated without catheter and complicated with catheter. Of all strains isolated as etiologically responsible from cases of simple @entity293 , 65.3% were @entity526 and 9.6%, @entity4005 @entity5645 . in 1983: these species accounted for about 75% of all isolates. Most frequently isolated from @entity1 without catheter were @entity526 27.6% in 1983, followed in order by Pseudomonas @entity5645 . (20.9%), Gram-positive bacteria (16.7%), Serratia @entity5645 . (8.8%), @entity4005 @entity5645 . (8.0%) and @entity795 @entity5645 . (7.1%). In complicated @entity293 with catheter, Pseudomonas @entity5645 . were most frequently isolated (25.6%), followed in order by Gram-positive bacteria (22.9%), Serratia @entity5645 . (15.0%), @entity795 @entity5645 . (12.4%), Enterobacter @entity5645 . (6.0%) and @entity4005 @entity5645 . (6.0%). A remarkable difference, that is, Gram-positive bacteria, especially @entity794 , showed conspicuous increase of isolation between 1982 and 1983. Furthermore, we discussed the detailed analysis of @entity1 background to clinical bacterial isolates from @entity293 in respect of @entity1 distribution by sex, types of @entity281 , distributions by age in male and female, interrelations between the species of bacterial isolates and types of infection and antimicrobial chemotherapy.

title: [Comparative studies of antimicrobial agents against causative organisms isolated from @entity293 (1983). II. Background of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity4005 :: ('MESH:D007710', 'Disease') :: ['Klebsiella']

entities_list: @entity293 :: ('MESH:D014552', 'Disease') :: ['urinary tract infections', 'UTI']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: We compared the effects of two treatments for @entity5545 @entity73 , errorless naming treatment (ENT) and gestural facilitation of naming (GES), within the same individuals, anticipating that the use of gesture would enhance the effect of treatment over errorless treatment alone. In addition to picture naming, we evaluated results for other outcome measures that were largely untested in earlier ENT studies. In a single @entity1 crossover treatment design, we examined the effects of ENT and GES in eight individuals with @entity64 -induced @entity2026 and word @entity73 (three semantic @entity5547 , @entity5547 ) in counterbalanced phases across @entity1 . We evaluated effects of the two treatments for a daily picture naming/gesture production probe measure and in standardised @entity2026 tests and communication rating scales administered across phases of the experiment. Both treatments led to improvements in naming of trained words (small-to-large effect sizes) in individuals with @entity5547 . Small generalised naming improvements were noted for three individuals with @entity5547 . GES improved use of corresponding gestures for trained words (large effect sizes). Results were largely maintained at one month post-treatment completion. Increases in scores on standardised @entity2026 testing also occurred for both ENT and GES training. Both ENT and GES led to improvements in naming measures, with no clear difference between treatments. Increased use of gestures following GES provided a potential compensatory means of communication for those who did not improve verbal skills. Both treatments are considered to be effective methods to promote recovery of word @entity1957 in individuals with @entity2026 .

title: Contrasting effects of errorless naming treatment and gestural facilitation for word retrieval in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'participant']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['retrieval impairments']

entities_list: @entity1957 :: ('MESH:D019957', 'Disease') :: ['retrieval and verbal production skills']

entities_list: @entity5547 :: ('MESH:D000849', 'Disease') :: ['semantic and phonological anomia', 'five phonological anomia', 'phonological anomia', 'anomia']

entities_list: @entity5545 :: ('MESH:D004410', 'Disease') :: ['aphasic word']

answer: @entity2026 :: (MESH:D001037,Disease) :: ['aphasia']


abstract: The present investigation evaluated @entity158 in @entity1641 receiving daily placebo, undenatured @entity14969 (UC-II) at 320, 480, or 640 mg (providing 80, 120, and 160 mg active UC-II, respectively), and @entity4823 and @entity12007 (5.4 and 1.8 g, respectively, bid for the first month, and thereafter once daily) for 150 days. @entity1641 were evaluated for @entity158 , @entity158 upon limb manipulation, physical examination, and @entity8 . Evaluation of @entity158 was based upon a consistent observation of all subjects during a walk and a trot in the same pattern on the same surface. @entity158 upon limb manipulation was conducted after the walk and trot. It consisted of placing the affected joint in severe flexion for a period of 60 sec. The limb was then placed to the ground and the animal trotted off. The response to the flexion test was then noted with the first couple of strides the animal took. Flexion test was consistent with determining clinically the degree of @entity571 in a joint. @entity1641 receiving placebo showed no change in arthritic condition, while those receiving 320 or 480 or 640 mg UC-II exhibited significant reduction in @entity158 (P < 0.05). UC-II at 480 or 640 mg dose provided equal effects, and therefore, 480 mg dose was considered optimal. With this dose, reduction in @entity158 was from 5.7 +/- 0.42 (100%) to 0.7 +/- 0.42 (12%); and in @entity158 upon limb manipulation from 2.35 +/- 0.37 (100%) to 0.52 +/- 0.18 (22%). Although @entity4823 and @entity12007 treated group showed significant (P < 0.05) reduction in @entity158 compared with pretreated values, the efficacy was less compared with that observed with UC-II. In fact, UC-II at 480 or 640 mg dose was found to be more effective than @entity4823 and @entity12007 in arthritic @entity1641 . Clinical condition (body weight, body temperature, respiration rate, and pulse rate), and liver ( @entity648 , GGT, and ALP) and kidney (BUN and @entity1011 ) functions remained unchanged, suggesting that these supplements were well tolerated.

title: Therapeutic efficacy of undenatured @entity14969 (UC-II) in comparison to @entity4823 and XXXX in arthritic @entity1641 .

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['liver and kidney functions']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity648 :: ('MESH:D001663', 'Chemical') :: ['bilirubin']

entities_list: @entity4823 :: ('MESH:D005944', 'Chemical') :: ['glucosamine']

entities_list: @entity12007 :: ('MESH:D002807', 'Chemical') :: ['chondroitin']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['Pain', 'overall pain', 'pain', 'arthritic pain']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

answer: @entity12007 :: (MESH:D002807,Chemical) :: ['chondroitin']


abstract: We employ a novel, dominant negative approach to identify a key role for certain tethered @entity1919 specific phosphodiesterase-4 ( @entity1980 ) isoforms in regulating @entity1919 dependent protein kinase A (PKA) sub-populations in resting COS1 cells. A fraction of PKA is clearly active in resting COS1 cells and this activity increases when cells are treated with the selective @entity1980 inhibitor, @entity7428 . Point mutation of a critical, conserved @entity492 residue in the catalytic site of long PDE4A4, PDE4B1, PDE4C2 and @entity20224 3 isoforms renders them catalytically inactive. Overexpressed in resting COS1 cells, catalytically inactive forms of PDE4C2 and PDE4D3, but not PDE4A4 and PDE4B1, are constitutively PKA phosphorylated while overexpressed active versions of all these isoforms are not. Inactive and active versions of all these isoforms are PKA phosphorylated in cells where protein kinase A is maximally activated with @entity1928 and @entity1922 . By contrast, rolipram challenge of COS1 cells selectively triggers the PKA phosphorylation of recombinant, active PDE4D3 and PDE4C2 but not recombinant, active PDE4A4 and PDE4B1. Purified, recombinant PDE4D3 and PDE4A4 show a similar dose-dependency for in vitro phosphorylation by PKA. Disruption of the tethering of PKA type-II to PKA anchor proteins (AKAPs), achieved using the peptide Ht31, prevents inactive forms of PDE4C2 and @entity20224 3 being constitutively PKA phosphorylated in resting cells as does siRNA-mediated knockdown of PKA-RII, but not PKA-RI. PDE4C2 and PDE4D3 co-immunoprecipitate from COS1 cell lysates with 250 kDa and 450 kDa AKAPs that tether PKA type-II and not PKA type-I. PKA type-II co-localises with @entity23603 in the centrosomal region of COS1 cells. The perinuclear distribution of recombinant, inactive PDE4D3, but not inactive PDE4A4, overlaps with @entity23603 and PKA type-II. The distribution of PKA phosphorylated inactive PDE4D3 also overlaps with that of @entity23603 in the centrosomal region of COS1 cells. We propose that a novel role for PDE4D3 and PDE4C2 is to gate the activation of @entity23603 -tethered PKA type-II localised in the perinuclear region under conditions of basal @entity268 generation in resting cells.

title: In resting COS1 cells a dominant negative approach shows that specific, anchored @entity1980 @entity268 phosphodiesterase isoforms gate the activation, by basal XXXX production, of AKAP-tethered protein kinase A type II located in the centrosomal region.

entities_list: @entity7428 :: ('MESH:D020889', 'Chemical') :: ['rolipram']

entities_list: @entity1919 :: ('MESH:D000242', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclic AMP']

entities_list: @entity492 :: ('CHEBI:29995', 'Chemical') :: ['aspartate']

entities_list: @entity1928 :: ('MESH:D005576', 'Chemical') :: ['forskolin']

answer: @entity1919 :: (MESH:D000242,Chemical) :: ['cyclic AMP']


abstract: A pulsatile total cavopulmonary shunt was successfully performed on a 5-year-old @entity1 with @entity1699 associated with abnormal systemic venous return; at the same time, modified mitral valve replacement was performed for @entity339 . The right atrium, tricuspid valve and right ventricle were all extremely dimunitive. The diameter of the tricuspid valve was 50% of normal and the volume of the right ventricle was 8.6% of normal. In addition, there were severe subpumonary @entity850 , a restrictive @entity1757 ( @entity1757 ) and an @entity118 ( @entity118 ). The bilateral superior venae cavae (SVCs) and the hepatic vein drained to the left atrium, and the inferior vena cava was infrahepatically interrupted with a hemiazygos connection to the left superior vena cava. At the operation, each @entity6480 was anastomosed end-to-side to each branch of the pulmonary artery (PA). The restrictive @entity1757 and @entity75 were left. The diameter of the @entity118 was reduced from 12 mm to 7 mm. The main PA was neither divided nor banded. The pulsatile blood flow from the left heart to the PA was regurated by a native restrictive @entity1757 and @entity75 , and that from the right heart via the @entity118 was limited by reducing the size of the @entity118 . These described anatomic arrangements produced adequate antegrade pulsatile flow in the PA, which might prevent the development of @entity2702 and, besides permit transfer of drainage of the hepatic vein from the left to the right atrium via the @entity118 in future.

title: [Pulsatile total cavopulmonary shunt for XXXX with abnormal systemic venous return--a case report].

entities_list: @entity339 :: ('MESH:D008944', 'Disease') :: ['mitral regurgitation']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['stenotic subpulmonary lesion']

entities_list: @entity1699 :: ('MESH:D018636', 'Disease') :: ['hypoplastic right heart syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1757 :: ('MESH:D006345', 'Disease') :: ['VSD', 'ventricular septal defect']

entities_list: @entity2702 :: ('MESH:C562404', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary arteriovenous fistulae']

entities_list: @entity118 :: ('MESH:D006344', 'Disease') :: ['atrial septal defect', 'ASD']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

answer: @entity1699 :: (MESH:D018636,Disease) :: ['hypoplastic right heart syndrome']


abstract: PURPOSE OF REVIEW: @entity154 include a fascinating constellation of @entity600 . There is significant diversity in anatomic variants and their respective long-term sexual and reproductive outcomes. We review the current controversies in classification and management of vaginal, uterine, and @entity5274 . RECENT FINDINGS: Comparative trials of preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and laparoscopic intraoperative evaluation have demonstrated a moderately well correlated prediction of anatomic description. Three-dimensional ultrasound technology appears to be equivalent to MRI in detecting @entity4547 ; however MRI is a consistently superior method of evaluating the vaginal and cervical anatomy. Despite advances in both modalities, care at an experienced center is most highly associated with an accurate preoperative diagnosis and a @entity954 .Large case series continue to be the main vehicle by which treatment and surgical management of these unique anomalies are described and recommended. Case reports continue to provide information on novel approaches to improve operative techniques. In the absence of prospective studies, these series provide the only emerging information on the long-term sexual and reproductive function of @entity1 with @entity4547 . SUMMARY: Recent developments in three-dimensional ultrasonography and MRI improve our ability to accurately describe and diagnose female reproductive tract anomalies. With the description of new @entity600 , which do not fall into the recognized American Society of Reproductive Medicine, formerly American Fertility Society (AFS) classification system, questions arise regarding embryologic development upon which this classification system is based and support attempts to devise a new, comprehensive classification. Advances in surgical correction have expanded the options for the reconstructive surgeon when approaching a @entity1 with an anomaly of the reproductive tract.

title: Update in XXXX : diagnosis, management, and outcomes.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['M  llerian anomalies']

entities_list: @entity4547 :: ('MESH:C562565', 'Disease') :: ['uterine anomalies', 'vaginal and uterine anomalies']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['congenital malformations', 'complex malformations']

entities_list: @entity5274 :: ('MESH:D005184', 'Disease') :: ['fallopian tube anomalies']

entities_list: @entity954 :: ('MESH:D016063', 'Disease') :: ['decrease in the number of inappropriate surgical procedures']

answer: @entity154 :: (MESH:D000013,Disease) :: ['M  llerian anomalies']


abstract: As the new Rahad Irrigation Scheme in Central Sudan began its first agricultural season in 1978, the Blue Nile Health Project was being developed to prevent @entity2040 and other water-associated diseases in the Rahad and Gezira-Managil schemes. Taken as an indication of overall transmission in the Rahad scheme, the prevalence of @entity281 among @entity1 in the newly established schools was found initially to be 14% for @entity380 and 1% for @entity4114 in 1980. In the older Gezira-Managil irrigation system nearby, where transmission had not been controlled there was also little @entity4114 but the prevalence of @entity383 in school-aged @entity1 was rising above 70%. To avoid a similar future in the Rahad scheme an integrated control strategy was implemented in 1980 using chemotherapy and snail control, supported by safe water supplies in every village. Under this strategy the prevalence of @entity383 in the schoolchildren was reduced below 10% by 1983 at an annual cost of less than  4 per capita, about  300 per square kilometer. @entity4114 remained at 1% in the schoolchildren in 1983. The major cost was for village water supplies with about 20% of the total going for snail control and 10% or less for chemotherapy. Over a third of the cost was for equipment and supplies purchased abroad, requiring hard currency. Economically feasible prevention of transmission in the long-term will require reduction of the annual cost to about  1 per capita. Cost reductions should be made primarily in operation and maintenance of the water supply systems and in snail control.

title: Control of XXXX in the new Rahad Irrigation Scheme of Central Sudan.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity4114 :: ('6185', 'Species') :: ['Schistosoma haematobium', 'S. haematobium']

entities_list: @entity380 :: ('6183', 'Species') :: ['Schistosoma mansoni']

entities_list: @entity2040 :: ('MESH:D012552', 'Disease') :: ['schistosomiasis']

answer: @entity2040 :: (MESH:D012552,Disease) :: ['schistosomiasis']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Most @entity1 with @entity64 -like symptoms screened by advanced imaging for proximal occlusion will not have a @entity715 accessible by neurointerventional techniques. Development of a sensitive clinical scoring system for rapidly identifying @entity1 with an emergent large vessel occlusion could help target limited resources and reduce exposure to unnecessary imaging. METHODS: This historical cohort study included @entity1 who underwent non-contrast CT and CT angiography in the emergency department for @entity64 -like symptoms. NIH @entity64 Scale (NIHSS) criteria were extended to include resolved symptoms and dichotomized as present or absent. Combinations of NIHSS criteria were considered as tests for proximal occlusion. RESULTS: @entity432 was present in 19.2% (100/522) of the population and, of these, 13% (13/100) had an NIHSS score of 0. The presence on examination or history of diminished consciousness with inability to answer questions, @entity425 , @entity4653 , or gaze deviation had 96% sensitivity and 39% specificity for proximal occlusion. If implemented in this population, the use of CT angiography would have been decreased by 32.4% (169/522 @entity1 ) while missing 0.76% with proximal occlusions (4/522). Half of those missed (2/4) would have been identified as large vessel @entity1188 on non-contrast CT, while the remainder (2/4) were transient @entity63 attacks associated with @entity543 . CONCLUSIONS: In this cohort, specific NIHSS criteria were highly sensitive for emergent large vessel occlusion and, if validated, may allow for clinical screening prior to advanced imaging with CT angiography.

title: Revisiting the NIH @entity64 Scale as a screening tool for proximal vessel occlusion: can advanced imaging be targeted in XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'Stroke']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['leg weakness']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['Proximal cerebral vascular occlusion']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombus']

entities_list: @entity543 :: ('MESH:D016893', 'Disease') :: ['carotid stenosis']

entities_list: @entity4653 :: ('MESH:D004401', 'Disease') :: ['dysarthria']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['acute stroke']


abstract: This study examined whether the monoclonal antibody Ki-67 is an indicator of @entity157 proliferation and whether it represents a new parameter for determining the diagnosis and prognosis. The subjects were 22 @entity1 who were not treated preoperatively among the @entity1 undergoing hepatectomy at our department. Fresh specimens of the @entity5 tissue and the noncancerous regions were stained with PI after processing them with @entity2823 -labeled Ki-67. Then 20,000 cells were analyzed by two-color flow cytometry. A significant difference was observed between the well differentiated group and the moderately and poorly differentiated groups. However, no significant difference was observed with respect to any other factor. The average Ki-67 labeling of the @entity5 in the @entity1 with and without @entity82 was 17.0 +/- 10.5% and 5.3 +/- 3.5%, respectively (p < 0.05). The @entity5 showed high Ki-67 labeling rates compared with the noncancerous areas and a positive correlation was observed between the two. These findings suggested that coexistent hepatic lesions have some influence on the proliferative activity of @entity5 . A significant correlation was confirmed by flow cytometry after immunostaining using the antibody @entity1758 . Analysis by this method was considered to be useful for assessing the proliferating activity of @entity157 .

title: [Assessment of the proliferative activity of XXXX with the monoclonal antibody Ki-67 using flow cytometry].

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']


abstract: @entity2383 contributes to @entity296 during @entity63 and reperfusion. @entity63 damages the mitochondrial electron transport chain. Therapeutic intervention during early reperfusion decreases @entity299 , which suggests that @entity296 can be attenuated even though mitochondria were already damaged during the preceding @entity63 . Our previous study shows that @entity20611 given only before @entity63 prevents @entity2806 to the electron transport chain and decreases @entity1188 size measured during reperfusion in Langendorff-perfused Fischer 344 @entity35 hearts. In the current study, @entity20611 was given at the onset of reperfusion to test whether the blockade of proximal electron transport only during early reperfusion can decrease @entity296 . @entity20611 administrated during early reperfusion decreased @entity1188 size compared with untreated hearts, which suggests that the modulation of electron transport during early reperfusion attenuates @entity296 . The increased generation of reactive @entity26 species (ROS) contributes to injury. We tested whether the blockade of proximal electron transport prevents ROS release from the mitochondria that sustained @entity2806 . The blockade of the proximal electron transport chain at complex I attenuates maximal ROS generation from @entity63 -damaged mitochondria. Thus, the modulation of oxidative function during reperfusion provides a translationally relevant opportunity to prevent a portion of the mitochondrial-dependent injury. The cardiac protection by @entity20611 given during reperfusion may result from decreased ROS generation from the electron transport chain.

title: Reversible blockade of electron transport with @entity20611 at the onset of reperfusion attenuates XXXX .

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial injury']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic damage']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['Ischemia', 'ischemia']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac injury']

entities_list: @entity20611 :: ('MESH:D000654', 'Chemical') :: ['amobarbital', 'Amobarbital']

entities_list: @entity2383 :: ('MESH:D028361', 'Disease') :: ['Mitochondrial dysfunction']

answer: @entity299 :: (MESH:D006331,Disease) :: ['cardiac injury']


abstract: @entity910 ( @entity910 ) and diffuse reflection spectroscopy (DRS) are two emerging noninvasive optical tools that have shown immense potential to detect oral cavity pre- @entity5 . In a recent study, we have used spectral ratio reference standards (SRRS) of @entity910 intensity ratios F500/F635, F500/F685, and F500/F705 for grading of tissues belonging to sites other than dorsal side of tongue (DST), lateral side of tongue (LST), and vermillion border of lip (VBL) that exhibited similar spectral shape for normal and abnormal tissues. This led to dismal diagnostic accuracies, and for the three @entity910 -SRRS, normal tissue values were often misclassified as @entity957 ( @entity957 ), which means that the true negatives were being wrongly identified as true positives. This study examines the applicability of the site-specific diffuse reflection spectral intensity ratio (R545/R575) of the oxygenated hemoglobin bands to classify @entity5773 and compares the results obtained with those obtained using @entity910 -SRRS. DRS-SRRS of R545/R575 differentiated benign @entity5072 DST tissues from normal tissue with a sensitivity of 86% and specificity of 80%, which were indistinguishable using @entity910 -SRRS. Further, in distinguishing @entity5072 tissues from @entity75 , DRS-SRRS gave a sensitivity of 90% and a specificity of 86%, as compared to sensitivity of 89% and specificity of 72% shown by the three @entity910 -SRRS together. The diagnostic accuracy and statistical adequacy of the two techniques were assessed by receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC-Curve) analysis. Three @entity910 ratios gave a low overall ROC area under curve (ROC-AUCs) of 0.521, whereas the DR ratio (R545/R575) has shown an improved accuracy of 0.970 in differentiating different tissue types. While distinguishing @entity5072 from dysplastic tissues, the DR ratio gave a higher discrimination accuracy of 0.9. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that the DRS-SRRS technique by virtue of its low cost and higher diagnostic accuracies could be a viable alternate to @entity910 -SRRS for in vivo screening of tongue pre-cancers and grading of different tissue types.

title: Diffuse reflection spectroscopy: an alternative to autofluorescence spectroscopy in tongue XXXX detection.

entities_list: @entity5773 :: ('MESH:D014060', 'Disease') :: ['different DST lesions']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['premalignant dysplastic lesions']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma', 'SCC']

entities_list: @entity5072 :: ('MESH:D000796', 'Disease') :: ['hyperplastic']

entities_list: @entity910 :: ('MESH:D004409', 'Disease') :: ['Laser-induced autofluorescence', 'LIAF']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the endovascular treatment of @entity439 ( @entity439 ) with super-selective @entity12923 embolisation using the 3D packing technique. DESIGN: Retrospective study of consecutive @entity1 in one academic centre. MATERIALS: From 2002 to 2009, 16 @entity1 (mean age 51.6 years, range 24-82) underwent PA sac packing with coils. Four @entity1 were asymptomatic, nine had PA rupture, and three had other symptoms. Lesion location was as follows: splenic artery (8), carotid artery (2), hepatic artery (2), superior mesenteric artery (1), cystic artery (1), uterine artery (1), and hypogastric artery (1). METHODS: The sac was packed with 0.018-inch controlled-detachable microcoils, preserving the parent artery. Magnetic resonance angiography was done within 6 months, at 12 months then yearly. RESULTS: Technical success rate was 100%. Complete definitive PA exclusion was achieved with a single procedure in 15 (93.8%) @entity1 . One @entity1 with a secondary bleeding arterio-digestive fistula underwent successful surgery. No major complications or late recanalisations occurred during follow-up (mean, 24.7 months; range 6-49). CONCLUSIONS: @entity12923 PA embolisation by 3D sac packing is safe and effective and may induce less morbidity than complete parent vessel occlusion, stent placement, or open surgery. This procedure should be used whenever possible, as it preserves parent artery patency.

title: Packing technique for endovascular XXXX embolisation of peripheral arterial @entity439 with preservation of the parent artery: safety, efficacy and outcomes.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['PAs', 'pseudo-aneurysms']

answer: @entity12923 :: (8161,Gene) :: ['coil']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Aerobic fitness (VO(2) peak) and @entity28 risk (OR) may impact brain health. This study examined hemispheric and segment specific relationships between VO(2) peak, OR and cerebral white-matter (CWM) integrity in the cingulum brain region in healthy older adults. METHODS: Fifteen subjects (66  6 years) completed VO(2) peak testing and MRI of the brain. OR was determined via body mass index (BMI) and abdominal girth. MRI analysis was performed with a structural 3D T1 MP-Rage and diffusion tensor imaging technique (DTI, 21 directions, repeated four times) on a 3.0 T MR imaging unit. CWM integrity indices, fractional anisotropy (FA) and @entity1893 ( @entity1893 ), were computed from the tensors. The anterior, middle and posterior cingulum segments were analysed on both sides of the brain. Partial correlations (age and gender controlled) and standard multiple regressions were used to determine significant associations and unique contributions to CWM integrity. RESULTS: VO(2) peak was moderately related to FA in the left middle cingulum segment (r partial=0.573, p=0.041) and explained 28.5% of FA's total variance (p=0.10). Abdominal girth (r partial=-0.764, p=0.002) and BMI (r partial=-0.690, p=0.009) were inversely related to FA in the @entity4048 ( @entity4048 ) segment. Abdominal girth and BMI uniquely explained 53.9% of FA's total variance (p=0.012) and 43.9% (p=0.040), respectively, in the @entity4048 . CONCLUSION: Higher aerobic fitness and lower @entity28 risk are related to greater CWM integrity but not in the same cingulum segments.

title: Aerobic fitness and XXXX : relationship to cerebral white matter integrity in the brain of active and sedentary older adults.

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ['MD', 'mean diffusivity']

entities_list: @entity4048 :: ('MESH:D019547', 'Disease') :: ['right posterior cingulum', 'RPC']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obesity']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Conclusive data comparing treatment efficacy of OAB pharmacotherapy in normal weight versus @entity28 @entity1 are not available. Obesity represents a risk factor for OAB/LUTS. We hypothesized that the effect of treatment with @entity9923 might be diminished in @entity28 @entity1 . STUDY DESIGN: One hundred sixty nine @entity1 were prescribed @entity9923 , 50mg/day. Subjective and objective parameters were compared prior to and following three months of treatment. The study population was stratified into three groups according to a @entity1 ' BMI (A-normal weight, B-overweight, @entity28 ). We compared the change in parameters before and after treatment within each group. Subsequently the differences between groups were correlated. The same analysis was performed separately in @entity1 who failed anticholinergic therapy (n=85). A paired t-test was used to compare the parameters before and after the procedure within groups, and a two-sample t-test was applied to conduct a comparison between groups. A p value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: Significant improvement (p<0.001) within all groups was observed in all parameters, with an exception in the number of severe urgency episodes per 24h (p=0.291) in Group B. We did not observe any statistically significant difference between groups A, B and C. The same trend has been observed in subgroup of @entity1 , who did not respond previous antimuscarinic treatment. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides evidence in support of previously documented data indicating good efficacy of @entity9923 in the treatment of OAB. The data obtained do not confirm our hypothesis that the body weight influences the treatment outcome of @entity9923 .

title: Impact of body mass index on treatment efficacy of XXXX for overactive bladder in females.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity9923 :: ('MESH:C520025', 'Chemical') :: ['mirabegron']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obese', 'C-obese']

answer: @entity9923 :: (MESH:C520025,Chemical) :: ['mirabegron']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Although the genetic program for reinitiating DNA synthesis exists in post-mitotic cardiomyocytes, and it was reported that in @entity1 @entity583 ( @entity583 ) a significant proportion of myocytes enter mitosis, the rule is that the lost tissue is replaced by a collagen scar. The purpose of this study was to search for the basis of this discordance in order to devise future strategies to induce division of myocytes into daughter cells that may replace the lost tissue with contractile cells. METHODS: In 15 @entity1 hearts with 1- to 21-day-old @entity1188 , the expression of the cell cycle proteins Ki67 antigen, cyclins D, A, and B1, the presence of mitotic bodies, and the ploidy status were investigated with immunoenzymatic methods, light and laser confocal microscopy, and densitometry in the myocytes surrounding the @entity1188 area. RESULTS: In 7- to 13-day-old @entity1188 , 11.61+/-6.94% of the myocytes presented Ki67+ nuclei, and a lower proportion presented cyclins D, A, and B. At earlier and later times, the proportion of Ki67+ myocytes was significantly lower. Although under confocal microscopy and fluorescent labels, some of the Ki67+ myocytes appeared to be in different stages of mitosis, with Nomarski optics and hematoxylin counterstaining, the condensed chromosomes, although arranged in metaphase and anaphase plates or split in sister chromatids, were always located within a preserved nuclear envelope, indicating the presence of endomitosis. Conventional mitosis was exceptionally observed. In the 14- and 21-day-old @entity1188 , the ploidy of the myocytes adjacent to the @entity1188 was significantly higher than in distant zones. CONCLUSION: These observations indicate that in @entity1 @entity1188 , entrance of cardiomyocytes into the cell cycle is transient and that endomitosis, leading to polyploidy, rather than mitosis, leading to karyokinesis, is the final fate of cycling cells. Both observations may account for the discordance between the regenerative ability of myocytes and the lack of an efficient reparative process in @entity1 @entity583 .

title: Endomitosis and polyploidization of myocardial cells in the periphery of @entity1 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['AMI', 'acute myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarcts', 'infarct']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['acute myocardial infarction']


abstract: AIM: Advanced @entity788 has a bad prognosis, with a median @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) no longer than 4-6 months. Since the end of last century, monotherapy with @entity136 has remained the elective therapy, but new schedules are needed in order to improve these results. We aim to evaluate the efficacy of tegafur and @entity17185 (LV) associated with @entity136 , as well as its @entity137 , progression-free survival and @entity1349 in advanced @entity788 . @entity1 AND METHODS: An open-label, multicentric, prospective, non-controlled trial was carried out on @entity1 with advanced or disseminated @entity788 . @entity136 1250 mg/m   was administered on the 1st and 8th days of the cycle, tegafur 750 mg/m  /day for 21 consecutive days and LV 25 mg/day continuously, every 28 days, with a maximum of six cycles. The primary variable was @entity5 overall response rate (ORR). Secondarily, @entity1054 ( @entity1054 ), @entity1349 and @entity137 were determined. RESULTS: Forty @entity1 were recruited; the male/female ratio was 30:10, with a mean age of 61 years. Forty percent had a Karnofsky index of 90% or 100%. Only 11 @entity1 (27%) completed the six cycles of treatment, but more than 50% received three or more cycles. Dose intensity was 89.56% for @entity136 and 87.36% for tegafur. Efficacy ORR was 22.5% (CI 95%, 6-37%). @entity1054 was 3.87 months (CI 95%, 2.1-5.6), time to treatment failure was 2.97 months (CI 95%, 2.43-4.67) and @entity1349 6.3 months (CI 95%, 4-7). The chemotherapeutic combination was well accepted; most haematologic and non-haematologic @entity137 were grade 1 or 2. The most prevalent grade 3/4 @entity137 were @entity1395 (30%), liver biochemistry disorders (25%), @entity294 (15%) and @entity3136 (12%). CONCLUSIONS: The administration of @entity136 , associated with oral tegafur and @entity4181 , has activity against advanced @entity788 , with an adequate @entity137 profile.

title: Open-label trial on efficacy and security of treatment with @entity136 and oral modulation with tegafur and @entity17185 (GEMTG) in @entity1 with advanced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity17185 :: ('CHEBI:63606', 'Chemical') :: ['levofolinic acid']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities', 'scheme toxicity']

entities_list: @entity3136 :: ('MESH:D013280', 'Disease') :: ['stomatitis']

entities_list: @entity4181 :: ('MESH:D002955', 'Chemical') :: ['leucovorin']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhoea']

entities_list: @entity1054 :: ('MESH:D000377', 'Disease') :: ['TTP', 'time to progression']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['Gemcitabine', 'gemcitabine']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatic cancer']


abstract: This review, although not exhaustive, provides information on the potential impact of @entity146 on obstetric outcome. There is clear evidence that @entity146 poses a risk to pregnancy outcome. There productive safety data on many of the available treatments fail to demonstrate a clear risk from treatment. The medications with clear teratogenic, neonatal, and developmental risks are, not surprisingly, those used to treat some of the most severe and debilitating @entity146 illnesses. Even the amount of information available is inadequate without some straightforward clinical guidelines. A model of risk for illness and treatments of illnesses during pregnancy developed by the authors' group reminds clinicians that nonexposure does not exist. Rather, the decision is which type of exposure is in the best interest of the @entity1 and family-exposure to illness or exposure to treatment. Regardless of the choice, clinicians are encouraged to think in terms of reducing the total number of exposures; that is, if choosing to treat, @entity1 should be kept well by adjusting and monitoring medications-partial treatment simply provides exposure to illness and treatment. Guidelines to accomplish the goal of minimizing exposures include: 1. Treating @entity1 of reproductive capacity from the first visit as if they are pregnant: choosing treatments with reproductive safety information (eg, new and improved = no data) and providing supplemental @entity1501 for all @entity1 (800 microg), with higher doses for those treated with anticonvulsants (3 to 4 mg).2. For @entity1 who conceive while taking a medication, and if it was efficacious for them, then the majority of decisions for medication selection should be considered already made for pregnancy and lactation (eg, do not switch medications once pregnant or for breastfeeding, as that simply exposes the baby to a second medication and the data previously discussed do not apply). 3. Because the serum concentration of most medications decreases during pregnancy, establishing criteria a priori for increasing the maternal daily dose; as a general rule, sleep patterns are good markers of @entity146 illnesses. 4. Always preferring monotherapy to two medications. 5. Obtaining up-to-date information at www.emorywomensprogram.org (a website with links to many support groups, reproductive safety registries) or other @entity1 's health websites. These basic guidelines can help decrease the number of exposures and @entity3224 in conducting clinical care with at least some reproductive safety data.

title: XXXX in pregnancy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1501 :: ('MESH:D005492', 'Chemical') :: ['folic acid']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric', 'psychiatric illness']

answer: @entity146 :: (MESH:D001523,Disease) :: ['Psychiatric disorders']


abstract: PURPOSE: To compare the accuracy of Sanders-Retzlaff-Kraff II ( @entity6755 II) and 3(rd) and 4(th) generation @entity2790 ( @entity2790 ) formulas and to compare the effect of different anterior chamber depths among the @entity2790 formulas in @entity231 @entity1 with normal @entity3656 ( @entity3656 ; 22.0-24.5 millimeters, mm). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective chart review was performed of @entity1 with normal @entity3656 who underwent @entity231 surgery. The @entity6755 II and 3(rd) generation @entity2790 formulas (Hoffer Q, @entity6755 T, Holladay 1) were compared to the 4(th) generation Haigis formula. For analysis, preoperative @entity8707 ( @entity8707 ) was divided into three subgroups:  <=3, 3-3.5, and >=  3.5 mm. The mean error (ME) and mean absolute error (MAE) of each formula was compared for each subgroup against the total. The difference between the ME and MAE of the formulas were compared for each @entity8707 subgroup. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: The study sample was comprised of 309 eyes. The MAE were 0.56 D, 0.52 D, 0.51 D, 0.50 D, and 0.50 D with Haigis, Hoffer Q, @entity6755 T, Holladay 1, and @entity6755 II formulas, respectively. The Haigis formula was a significantly weaker predictor than the @entity6755 T (P < 0.001) and Holladay 1 (P = 0.035) formulas. The ME with Haigis formula was -0.23 D which changed to -0.06 D with @entity8707 >=  3.5 mm (P = 0.002). The ME was -0.24 D with @entity6755 II and changed to -0.09D with @entity8707  <= 3 mm (P = 0.004). There was no statistically significant difference between Hoffer Q, @entity6755 T, and Holladay formulas 1 in @entity8707 subgroups (P > 0.05, all comparisons). CONCLUSION: The @entity6755 II formula can predict refraction in @entity1 with normal @entity3656 and @entity8707 less than 3 mm with less error and is preferred over other formulas. The Haigis formula is the preferred choice in @entity1 with a normal @entity3656 and @entity8707 longer than 3.5 mm. The prediction accuracy of Hoffer Q, @entity6755 T, and Holladay 1 is comparable in normal @entity3656 .

title: Effect of @entity8707 on the choice of @entity2790 calculation formula in @entity1 with normal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3656 :: ('MESH:D007870', 'Disease') :: ['axial length', 'AL']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

entities_list: @entity8707 :: ('MESH:C535679', 'Disease') :: ['ACD', 'anterior chamber depth']

entities_list: @entity2790 :: ('MESH:D009798', 'Disease') :: ['IOL', 'intraocular lens']

answer: @entity3656 :: (MESH:D007870,Disease) :: ['axial length']


abstract: Transesophageal echocardiography and diagnostic cardiac catheterization were performed in 36 @entity1 with symptomatic @entity4794 to assess the incidence and significance of systolic flow reversal in the pulmonary veins. @entity339 was graded by contrast ventriculography, and left atrial pressure was directly measured after transseptal puncture. Pulmonary venous flow was recorded with transesophageal Doppler imaging from the left upper pulmonary vein. Early systolic flow reversal was identified in 11 @entity1 (31%) and began an average of 58 +/- 13 ms after QRS onset. This pattern correlated strongly with the presence of @entity955 or @entity5069 . Late systolic flow reversal was identified in 8 @entity1 (22%), beginning an average of 245 +/- 46 ms after the QRS complex. These @entity1 had higher left atrial V-wave pressure (36 +/- 10 vs 29 +/- 8 mm Hg; p < 0.05) and V-wave peak-X-descent trough (18 +/- 7 vs 11 +/- 5 mm Hg; p < 0.01) than @entity1 without systolic flow reversal. Neither pattern of pulmonary venous flow reversal was related to the severity of angiographic @entity339 . Systolic reversal of pulmonary venous flow is not specific for angiographically severe @entity339 in @entity1 with @entity4794 . Similar limitations to pulmonary venous flow analysis likely apply to other @entity1 groups with elevated left atrial pressure and poor left atrial compliance.

title: Transesophageal echocardiographic assessment of reversal of systolic pulmonary venous flow in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity339 :: ('MESH:D008944', 'Disease') :: ['Mitral regurgitation', 'mitral regurgitation']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity4794 :: ('MESH:D008946', 'Disease') :: ['mitral stenosis']

answer: @entity4794 :: (MESH:D008946,Disease) :: ['mitral stenosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To confirm the efficacy and @entity137 of @entity3866 in combination with @entity136 and @entity416 when used as a first-line therapy in metastatic/recurrent @entity788 ( @entity788 ). METHODS: Locally advanced @entity788 was excluded. @entity3866 was given at a dose of 100 mg daily from D1 to D28. 1000 mg/m(2) of @entity136 was given on D1,8,15 and 1660 mg/m(2)/day of @entity416 was given from D1 to 21, repeated every 4 weeks. Response was assessed every 8 weeks. RESULTS: A total of 47 @entity1 were enrolled. Response rate and disease control rate was 32.6% (95% CI, 18.6-46.6%) and 83.7% (95% CI, 72.7-94.7%) respectively. The PFS was 6.5 months (95% CI, 3.4-9.7) and @entity3012 was 12.0 months (95% CI, 8.6-15.9). The Gr 3/4 @entity137 were: @entity1398 (6.8%), @entity882 (3.2%), @entity417 (1.6%). @entity390 (1.6%), @entity391 (1.6%), @entity448 (5.3%), @entity1910 (2.4%). The @entity470 expression was associated with shorter @entity3012 and @entity4735 expression was associated with longer PFS and @entity3012 . PFS and @entity3012 were not different according to @entity984 mutation or polymorphism of @entity4736 and @entity4737 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity3866 , @entity136 and @entity416 combination showed promising efficacy and good tolerability in metastatic @entity788 . This efficacy was observed irrespective of @entity984 mutation, and @entity470 expression was poor prognostic factor for @entity3012 .

title: A phase II trial of XXXX in combination with @entity136 and @entity416 in previously untreated metastatic/recurrent @entity788 : combined analysis with translational research.

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer', 'PC']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities', 'toxicity']

entities_list: @entity416 :: ('MESH:C110904', 'Chemical') :: ['Capecitabine', 'capecitabine']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity448 :: ('MESH:D000855', 'Disease') :: ['anorexia']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity3866 :: ('MESH:C400278', 'Chemical') :: ['Erlotinib']

answer: @entity3866 :: (MESH:C400278,Chemical) :: ['erlotinib']


abstract: @entity7414 (RVA) are a major cause of @entity697 in @entity1  <= 5 y worldwide which could be prevented with two recently introduced vaccines - monovalent Rotarix (live-attenuated G1P[8] strain) and pentavalent RotaTeq ( @entity1 - @entity291 reassortant containing serotypes G1, G2, G3, G4 and P[8]). Prior to implementation of vaccines into national immunization program we aimed to describe RVA genotype distribution in hospitalized @entity1 aged < 5 y in Estonia during 2007-2008. A total of 671 @entity1 with confirmed @entity1902 from three major pediatric hospitals were prospectively enrolled. G- and P-genotypes were detected from 124 stool samples by semi-nested reverse transcription-PCR. Severity of disease was assessed using Clark scoring system. The majority of cases (65%) occurred in @entity1 aged 7 to 24 mo and were of moderate severity (mean Clark score 12.1 (SD 3.2)). The prevailing strain was G2P[4] (34.7%), causing significantly more cases than G4P[8] (12.9%), G1P[8] or G9P[8] (both 4.0%), G3P[8] (1.6%). Yearly differences in genotype distribution occurred, as G2P[4] (52.8%) dominated in 2007, but G4P[8] (26.9%) in 2008. One third of strains remained non-typeable. The distribution of RVA genotypes in Estonia differs from that seen in other Central and Eastern European countries, although one should bear in mind the large proportion of P-untypeable strains and natural fluctuations of dominating RVA genotypes. Nevertheless, considering the high genotype-independent efficacy of the vaccines, introduction of national immunization should be considered.

title: XXXX genotypes circulating prior to implementation of a National Immunization Program in Estonia.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'human', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute gastroenteritis']

entities_list: @entity1902 :: ('MESH:D005759', 'Disease') :: ['RVA gastroenteritis']

entities_list: @entity7414 :: ('28875', 'Species') :: ['Group A rotaviruses']

answer: @entity7414 :: (28875,Species) :: ['Group A rotavirus']


abstract: PURPOSE To analyze the frequency and associations with prognostic markers and outcome of mutations in IDH genes encoding @entity9275 dehydrogenases in adult de novo cytogenetically normal @entity3052 (CN- @entity3052 ). @entity1 AND METHODS Diagnostic bone marrow or blood samples from 358 @entity1 were analyzed for @entity818 and @entity14051 mutations by DNA polymerase chain reaction amplification/sequencing. @entity7801 , @entity8102 , @entity6863 , @entity8587 , and @entity11626 mutational analyses and gene- and microRNA-expression profiling were performed centrally. Results IDH mutations were found in 33% of the @entity1 . @entity818 mutations were detected in 49 @entity1 (14%; 47 with R132). @entity14051 mutations, previously unreported in @entity3052 , were detected in 69 @entity1 (19%; 13 with R172 and 56 with R140). R172 @entity14051 mutations were mutually exclusive with all other prognostic mutations analyzed. Younger age (< 60 years), molecular low-risk ( @entity8102 -mutated/ @entity7801 -internal tandem duplication-negative) @entity818 -mutated @entity1 had shorter disease-free survival than molecular low-risk @entity818 / @entity14051 -wild-type (wt) @entity1 (P = .046). R172 @entity14051 -mutated @entity1 had lower complete remission rates than @entity818 / @entity14051 wt @entity1 (P = .007). Distinctive microarray gene- and microRNA-expression profiles accurately predicted R172 @entity14051 mutations. The highest expressed gene and microRNAs in R172 @entity14051 -mutated @entity1 compared with the @entity818 / @entity14051 wt @entity1 were APP (previously associated with @entity3052 ) and @entity9630 and miR-133 (involved in embryonal stem-cell differentiation), respectively. CONCLUSION @entity818 and @entity14051 mutations are recurrent in CN- @entity3052 and have an unfavorable impact on outcome. The R172 @entity14051 mutations, previously unreported in @entity3052 , characterize a novel subset of CN- @entity3052 @entity1 lacking other prognostic mutations and associate with unique gene- and microRNA-expression profiles that may lead to the discovery of novel, therapeutically targetable leukemogenic mechanisms.

title: @entity818 and @entity14051 gene mutations identify novel molecular subsets within de novo cytogenetically normal XXXX : a Cancer and Leukemia Group B study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute myeloid leukemia', 'AML', 'complex karyotype AML']

entities_list: @entity9275 :: ('MESH:C034219', 'Chemical') :: ['isocitrate']

answer: @entity3052 :: (MESH:D015470,Disease) :: ['acute myeloid leukemia']


abstract: @entity3243 ( @entity3243 ) are the main cause of @entity459 . Cell cycle regulation in normal parathyroid tissue (NPT) and @entity865 remains largely unknown. We have systematically explored several components involved in the @entity876 / @entity7465 / @entity4452 (ARF) pathway in @entity865 and compared the results were with NPT. Forty-six @entity865 and 12 NPT were immunostained with anti- @entity994 ( @entity994 ), @entity7465 , @entity876 , and @entity5438 (KP1) antibodies. The slides were processed by cytometry and the results were statistically analyzed using nonparametric methods (Mann-Whitney test). p2l( @entity994 ) and @entity7465 expression were significantly higher in @entity865 compared with NPT (p < 0.05). The opposite results were found for @entity5438 ( @entity13525 ) (p< 0.05). Occasional @entity876 staining was found in some @entity865 , albeit no significant difference was found in comparison with NPT. In conclusion, @entity7465 and p2l( @entity994 ) are the proteins more overexpressed in @entity865 . These findings are surprising taking into account the benign nature of @entity865 , making them suitable candidates for further molecular analysis.

title: XXXX / @entity7465 Pathway Aberrations in @entity3243 : @entity994 ( @entity994 ) and @entity7465 Are Frequently Overexpressed in @entity3243 .

entities_list: @entity459 :: ('MESH:D049950', 'Disease') :: ['primary hyperparathyroidism']

entities_list: @entity3243 :: ('MESH:D010282', 'Disease') :: ['Parathyroid adenomas', 'PTAs']

answer: @entity876 :: (7157,Gene) :: ['p53']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Very few articles have been written about the expression of kallikreins ( @entity18504 and @entity21843 ) in @entity5 . Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine and report on their prognostic potential. METHODS: Eighty archival blocks of primary @entity5 were sectioned and stained for @entity18504 and @entity21843 by immunohistochemistry. The percentage and the intensity of malignant keratinocyte staining were correlated with @entity1 survival using Cox regression analysis. RESULTS: Both kallikreins were expressed strongly in the majority of @entity5 cells in 68 of 80 cases: these were mostly moderately or poorly differentiated @entity5 . Staining was particularly intense at the infiltrating front. @entity1 with intense staining had significantly shorter overall survival (p < .05). CONCLUSION: This is the first observation on the @entity1 survival influenced by @entity18504 expression in @entity1697 . The findings are consistent with those for @entity189 at other sites, in particular the prostate and ovary. @entity18504 and/or @entity21843 immunohistochemistry seems to have diagnostic and prognostic potential in this disease.

title: Correlation of the expression of XXXX @entity18504 -related peptidases 4 and 7 with the prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1697 :: ('MESH:D009062', 'Disease') :: ['oral carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'oral cancers', 'neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomas']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: @entity716 has been associated with aberrant brain activity concurrent with both the anticipation and integration of monetary outcomes. The extent to which abnormal reward-related neural signals can be observed in chronic, medicated @entity1 with @entity161 ( @entity161 ), however, is not clear. In an fMRI study involving 17 chronic outpatients with @entity161 and 17 matched controls, we used a @entity245 ( @entity245 ) task, in which different-colored shapes predicted gains, losses, or neutral outcomes. Subjects needed to respond to a target within a time window in order to receive the indicated gain or avoid the indicated loss. Group differences in blood- @entity26 -level-dependent responses to cues and outcomes were assessed through voxel-wise whole-brain analyses and regions-of-interest analyses in the neostriatum and prefrontal cortex (PFC). Significant group by outcome valence interactions were observed in the medial and lateral PFC, lateral temporal cortex, and amygdalae, such that controls, but not @entity1 , showed greater activation for gains, relative to losses. In the striatum, neural activity was modulated by outcome magnitude in both groups. Additionally, we found that ratings of negative symptoms in @entity1 correlated with sensitivity to obtained losses in medial PFC, obtained gains in lateral PFC, and anticipated gains in left ventral striatum. Sensitivity to obtained gains in lateral PFC also correlated with positive symptom scores in @entity1 . Our findings of systematic relationships between clinical symptoms and neural responses to stimuli associated with rewards and punishments offer promise that reward-related neural responses may provide sensitive probes of the effectiveness of treatments for negative symptoms.

title: Abnormal responses to monetary outcomes in cortex, but not in the basal ganglia, in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity245 :: ('MESH:D002658', 'Disease') :: ['MID', 'monetary incentive delay']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia', 'SZ']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['Psychosis']

answer: @entity161 :: (MESH:D012559,Disease) :: ['schizophrenia']


abstract: PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of @entity413 prolotherapy for the treatment of @entity1348 ( @entity1348 ) @entity8018 . @entity1 AND METHODS: A prospective, randomized, double-blind clinical study using a placebo control was carried out. Twelve @entity1 with painful @entity7194 or dislocation of the @entity1348 were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 equal-sized groups. @entity1 in the active group received 4 injections of @entity413 solution (2 mL of 10% @entity413 and 1 mL of 2% @entity10541 ) for each @entity1348 , each 6 weeks apart, whereas @entity1 in the placebo group received injections of placebo solution (2 mL of saline solution and 1 mL of 2% @entity10541 ) on the same schedule. A verbal scale expressing @entity158 on palpation, @entity2133 ( @entity2133 ), clicking sound, and frequency of luxations (number of locking episodes per month) were assessed at each injection appointment just before the injection procedure and 3 months after the last injection. The collected data were then statistically analyzed. RESULTS: By the end of the study, each group showed significant improvement in @entity158 on palpation and number of locking episodes and insignificant improvement in clicking sound. With the exception of the @entity2133 , there were no statistically significant differences throughout the study intervals between the active and placebo groups. The active group showed a significant reduction in @entity2133 at the 12th week postoperatively. Differences compared with mean baseline value remained significant at the end of the follow-up period. On the other hand, the placebo group showed an insignificant difference in @entity2133 throughout the study periods. For the last 2 intervals, the placebo group showed statistically significantly higher mean @entity2133 values than the active group. By the end of the 12th postoperative week, the percentages of decrease in @entity2133 were significantly greater in the active group. CONCLUSION: Prolotherapy with 10% @entity413 appears promising for the treatment of symptomatic @entity1348 , as evidenced by the therapeutic benefits, simplicity, safety, @entity1 ' acceptance of the injection technique, and lack of significant side effects. However, continued research into prolotherapy's effectiveness in @entity1 populations with large sample sizes and long-term follow-up is needed.

title: The efficacy of @entity413 prolotherapy for XXXX @entity8018 : a preliminary prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1348 :: ('MESH:D013706', 'Disease') :: ['TMJ hypermobility', 'TMJ', 'temporomandibular joint']

entities_list: @entity2133 :: ('MESH:D014987', 'Disease') :: ['maximal mouth opening', 'MMO']

entities_list: @entity10541 :: ('MESH:D008619', 'Chemical') :: ['mepivacaine']

entities_list: @entity7194 :: ('MESH:D007906', 'Disease') :: ['subluxation']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['dextrose']

entities_list: @entity8018 :: ('MESH:C536196', 'Disease') :: ['hypermobility']

answer: @entity1348 :: (MESH:D013706,Disease) :: ['temporomandibular joint']


abstract: Docetaxel (Taxotere), a new semisynthetic taxoid, is a potentially important chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of @entity5 . Forty @entity1 with bidimensionally measurable advanced @entity694 were treated with @entity1205 100 mg m-2 every 3 weeks as a 1 h infusion without routine premedication. Thirty-nine @entity1 were eligible: 23 males and 16 females. Median age was 60 years (range 41-75) and WHO performance status 1 (0-2). Prior adjuvant chemotherapy was performed in four @entity1 and prior radiotherapy in nine @entity1 . Bidimensionally measurable disease sites included: liver in 26 @entity1 , lymph nodes and abdominal/peritoneal masses in 13, lung/mediastinal masses in ten and subcutaneous nodes in four. The median number of cycles given was 2 (range 1-15). Thirty-three @entity1 were evaluable for response. One @entity1 (3%) achieved a complete response and two (6%) (95% confidence limits 0-14%) a partial response. Side-effects were similar to those observed in other studies. Docetaxel, given at this dosage and schedule, has minimal activity in the treatment of @entity14 .

title: @entity1205 ( XXXX ), a novel taxoid, in the treatment of advanced @entity14 : an EORTC Early Clinical Trials Group Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma of the colon']

entities_list: @entity1205 :: ('MESH:C067311', 'Chemical') :: ['docetaxel']

answer: @entity1205 :: (MESH:C067311,Chemical) :: ['Taxotere']