abstract: This study evaluated the influence of recombinant @entity1 @entity1841 (rhBMP-2) on the development and eruption of the secondary dentition. Primary premolar tooth extraction sockets in 12 16-week-old felines were implanted with either rhBMP-2, in collagen sponge or with buffer/absorbable collagen sponge ( @entity12300 ). Unoperated jaw quadrants served as controls. Experimental conditions were randomized between jaw quadrants in all animals. Two animals receiving rhBMP-2/ @entity12300 and buffer/ @entity12300 in two quadrants per implant were sacrificed at 4 weeks postsurgery. Ten animals receiving @entity12300 (two quadrants), buffer/ @entity12300 implants (one quadrant), and one quadrant serving as an unoperated control were evaluated at 12 weeks postsurgery. Clinical assessments included healing, eruption patterns, and crown development. Radiographic assessments included tooth development, eruption patterns, and bone formation. Histological observations were also made from the 4-week animals. The secondary dentition remained unerupted at 4 weeks postsurgery. Histological analysis showed normal alveolar bone coronal to the erupting teeth in rhBMP-2/ @entity12300 -implanted quadrants. At 12 weeks postsurgery, all teeth were erupted without differences between quadrants. Clinically, the crowns of all teeth were normal. Radiographs suggested that teeth in rhBMP-2/ @entity12300 - and buffer/ @entity12300 -implanted jaw quadrants exhibited similar tooth development and eruption patterns as the normal control. The evidence from this study suggests that surgical implantation of rh- @entity1841 / @entity12300 in the pathway of the developing and erupting secondary dentition does not interfere with the normal development and eruption patterns of the teeth.

title: Effect of XXXX @entity1841 implant on tooth eruption in an experimental design.

entities_list: @entity1841 :: ('650', 'Gene') :: ['BMP-2', 'bone morphogenetic protein 2']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Standard DXA measurements, including FRAX scores, have shown limitations in assessing @entity174 risk in @entity2175 ( @entity2175 ) underscoring the need for novel biomarkers and suggesting that other pathomechanisms may drive @entity6 . MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are secreted into the circulation from cells of various tissues proportional to @entity66 severity and were recently found to be crucial to bone homeostasis and @entity2175 . Here, we studied, if and which circulating miRNAs or combinations of miRNAs can discriminate @entity174 status in a well-characterized study of @entity79 and @entity170 (n   =   80 postmenopausal @entity1 ). We then tested the most discriminative and most frequent miRNAs in vitro. Using miRNA-qPCR-arrays we showed that 48 miRNAs can differentiate @entity174 status in @entity2175 @entity1 and that several combinations of 4 miRNAs can discriminate @entity6 -related @entity174 with high specificity and sensitivity (AUCs: 0.92-0.96; 95% CI: 0.88-0.98). For the osteoporotic study arm, 23 miRNAs were @entity174 -indicative and potential combinations of 4 miRNAs showed AUCs from 0.97 to 1 (95%CI: 0.93-1). As a role in bone homeostasis for those miRNAs that were most discriminative and most present among all miRNA combinations had not been described, we performed in vitro functional studies in @entity1 adipose-tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells to investigate the effect of miR-550a-5p, miR-188-3p, and miR-382-3p on osteogenesis, adipogenesis and cell proliferation. We found that miR-382-3p significantly enhanced osteogenic differentiation (p   <   0.001), while miR-550a-5p inhibited this process (p   <   0.001). Both miRNAs, miR-382-3p and miR-550a-5p impaired adipogenic differentiation, while miR-188-3p did not exert an effect on adipogenesis. None of the miRNAs affected significantly cell proliferation. Our data suggest for the first time that miRNAs are linked to @entity174 in @entity2175 postmenopausal @entity1 and should be further investigated for their diagnostic potential and their detailed function in diabetic bone. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Serum microRNAs Are Indicative of Skeletal Fractures in Postmenopausal XXXX with and without @entity2175 and Influence Osteogenic and Adipogenic Differentiation of Adipose-Tissue Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells In Vitro.

entities_list: @entity2175 :: ('MESH:D003924', 'Disease') :: ['Type 2 Diabetes', 'T2D']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['local disease']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes', 'diabetic bone fragility']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'best fracture', 'fragility fractures', 'fracture']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['postmenopausal osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic bone disease']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Women']


abstract: We have previously reported a transient and remarkable increase in @entity935 (DA) release in the @entity35 striatum during application of 2 mM @entity17376 ( @entity8773 ) through a brain microdialysis membrane. In the present study we examined the involvement of extracellular @entity141 in this response. @entity35 were divided into 4 groups. In the @entity8773 group a microdialysis probe inserted into the striatum was perfused with Ringer's solution containing 2 mM @entity8773 for 60 min. The @entity141 free + @entity8773 group was subjected to perfusion with @entity8773 dissolved in @entity141 free Ringer's solution, and the @entity10278 + @entity8773 group with the same plus 0.3 mM @entity10278 (a non-specific @entity141 channel blocker). In the @entity8773 and @entity141 free + @entity8773 groups DA levels in the dialysates increased to 36- and 44-fold of the control level, respectively, while this was suppressed to only a 16-fold increase in the @entity10278 + @entity8773 group. In response to a 100 mM @entity4338 perfusion given 3 hr later DA levels were increased (22-fold) in the control group. On the other hand this response was inhibited in the @entity8773 group (3-fold), but not in the other two groups. An in vitro study with striatal slices showed a gradual increase in intracellular @entity141 during incubation with 2 mM @entity8773 . These results suggest that excessive influx of extracellular @entity141 during @entity8773 perfusion may contribute partly to the increase in the extracellular DA level in the striatum, and also to the suppression of a DA increase in response to high K+ stimulation observed 3 hr later.

title: Role of calcium ions in @entity935 release induced by XXXX perfusion in @entity35 striatum.

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity17376 :: ('MESH:D012966', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium cyanide']

answer: @entity17376 :: (MESH:D012966,Chemical) :: ['sodium cyanide']


abstract: The recent progress in chemotherapy for @entity11 is attributable to the introduction of the DNA-methylating agent @entity2903 ( @entity2904 ); however, drug resistance remains a major issue. Previous studies have shown that @entity2904 induces prolonged arrest of @entity1 @entity11 cells in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle followed by a senescence-like phenomenon or mitotic catastrophe. These findings suggest that the G2 checkpoint is linked to DNA repair mechanisms. We investigated the effect of a cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) inhibitor @entity13449 (FP) that inhibits the action of @entity10610 , a key protein in the G2 checkpoint pathway, on @entity2904 -treated @entity11 cells. Colony formation efficiency revealed that FP potentiated the @entity137 of @entity2904 in @entity11 cells in a @entity876 -independent manner. This effect was clearly associated with the suppression of key proteins at the G2-M transition, accumulation of the cells exclusively at the G2 phase, and increase in a double-stranded DNA break marker (seen on performing immunoblotting). @entity2904 -resistant clones showed activation of the G2 checkpoint in response to @entity2904 , while FP treatment resensitized these clones to @entity2904 . FP also enhanced the @entity137 of @entity2904 in U87MG-AktER cells. Moreover, administration of @entity2904 and/or FP to @entity19 with xenografted U87MG cells revealed that FP sensitized xenografted U87MG cells to @entity2904 in these @entity19 . Our findings suggest that @entity2904 resistance could be promoted by enhanced DNA repair activity in the G2-M transition and that a Cdk inhibitor could suppress this activity, leading to potentiation of @entity2904 action on @entity11 cells.

title: The Cdk inhibitor @entity13449 enhances @entity2903 -induced XXXX in @entity1 @entity11 cells.

entities_list: @entity13449 :: ('MESH:C077990', 'Chemical') :: ['flavopiridol']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['glioma', 'malignant gliomas']

entities_list: @entity2903 :: ('MESH:C047246', 'Chemical') :: ['temozolomide']

answer: @entity137 :: (MESH:D064420,Disease) :: ['cytotoxicity']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Previous studies have demonstrated that synthetic cell-permeable analogues of @entity2367 promote differentiation and inhibit proliferation of keratinocytes, and that the @entity3875 inducible @entity4291 cycle generates @entity2367 in keratinocytes. Although it has been suggested that exogenous @entity2367 induces apoptosis of keratinocytes, which is similar to their effect on other cell types, such as @entity1778 cells, only a few studies have reported @entity2367 -induced apoptosis of keratinocytes. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether @entity2367 induces apoptosis of keratinocytes, we used the synthetic @entity2367 analogue, @entity20283 ( @entity20283 ) and a @entity1 @entity957 cell line, HSC-I. METHODS: We treated HSC-I cells with @entity20283 , followed by a viability assay, morphological observations, nick end-labelling (TUNEL), DNA electrophoresis, and electron microscopy. RESULTS: In the viability assay, @entity20283 was toxic to HSC-I cells in a dose-dependent manner. Manifestations of apoptotic morphology occurred in the @entity2367 -treated cells, whereas these morphological changes did not occur in cells treated with @entity43460 ( @entity43460 ). TUNEL revealed that many of the @entity2367 -treated cells showed positive reactivity. DNA electrophoresis demonstrated that @entity20283 caused internucleosomal fragmentation in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Electron microscopy revealed that the @entity2367 -treated cells manifested morphological characteristics typical of apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS: The present results demonstrate that @entity20283 induces apoptosis of transformed @entity1 keratinocytes, whereas @entity43460 does not have such an effect. The fact that @entity2367 induces apoptosis of keratinocyctes raises the possibility that intracellular @entity2367 , which is increased with differentiation of the epidermis, might be involved in terminal differentiation, a specialized form of apoptosis of keratinocytes.

title: XXXX induces apoptosis in a @entity1 @entity957 cell line.

entities_list: @entity20283 :: ('MESH:C064769', 'Chemical') :: ['C2-ceramide', 'N-acetylsphingosine']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity2367 :: ('CHEBI:17761', 'Chemical') :: ['ceramide']

entities_list: @entity1778 :: ('MESH:D007938', 'Disease') :: ['leukaemia']

entities_list: @entity43460 :: ('MESH:C109343', 'Chemical') :: ['dihydroceramide', 'C2-dihydroceramide', 'N-acetylsphinganine']

entities_list: @entity4291 :: ('CHEBI:17636', 'Chemical') :: ['sphingomyelin']

answer: @entity20283 :: (MESH:C064769,Chemical) :: ['C2-ceramide']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The intermediate results achieved with a new technique for primary repair of @entity215 with @entity338 are reported. METHOD: Apart from correction of @entity215 , this approach includes translocation of the pulmonary artery anterior to the aorta and away from the tracheobronchial tree. Since November 1998 this technique has been employed in three symptomatic newborns and three @entity1 with a diagnosis of @entity215 with @entity338 . The median age at surgery was 37 days (range 14-256 days). The median weight at operation was 3.4 kg (range 2.9-4 kg). All @entity1 had severe respiratory problems and congestive @entity712 with @entity848 . RESULTS: There was no early or late death during the follow-up (median 27 months). One @entity1 required redo due to failure to thrive as a consequence of right ventricle @entity1284 . Valved conduit was inserted to pulmonary position. Respiratory symptoms disappeared or were significantly reduced in all @entity1 . Postoperative computed tomographic scan showed no compression of @entity825 and main bronchi, pulmonary artery was away from tracheobronchial tree in all @entity1 . @entity1 are doing well with adequate growth. CONCLUSIONS: The new technique described here has a potential to reduce or eliminate bronchial compression by pulmonary artery. Translocation of pulmonary artery anterior to the aorta takes the dilated pulmonary artery away from the @entity825 and bronchial tree. This approach was found to be technically feasible and can be useful especially in symptomatic newborns and @entity1 .

title: Intermediate results with correction of @entity215 with XXXX using a new approach.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity215 :: ('MESH:D013771', 'Disease') :: ['tetralogy of Fallot']

entities_list: @entity338 :: ('MESH:D011665', 'Disease') :: ['absent pulmonary valve', 'absent pulmonary valve syndrome']

entities_list: @entity848 :: ('MESH:D003490', 'Disease') :: ['cyanosis']

entities_list: @entity1284 :: ('MESH:D019190', 'Disease') :: ['volume overload']

answer: @entity338 :: (MESH:D011665,Disease) :: ['absent pulmonary valve']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Our purpose was to analyze the expression of @entity1197 on @entity404 + lymphocytes in the @entity7462 ( @entity7462 ) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of @entity1 with @entity7375 ( @entity7375 ). METHODS: Using three-color flow cytometry, we assessed T-lymphocyte subsets stained with fluorescence-conjugated anti-CD3, @entity404 , @entity405 , @entity2393 , CD45RA, CD45RO, HLA-DR, and Fas monoclonal antibodies in @entity7462 , CSF and peripheral blood (PB) from 8 @entity1 with active @entity7375 . RESULTS: CD3+ T cells constituted the majority of lymphocytes in @entity7462 and CSF, in contrast to with PB. The percentages of @entity404 + lymphocytes in uveitic @entity7462 and CSF were significantly higher than that in PB (P < 0.01). Activated @entity404 + and @entity405 + cells were significantly more frequent in @entity7462 than in CSF and PB (P < 0.01). Although the percentages of CD45RA+ cells within @entity404 + cells in @entity7462 and CSF were extremely low compared with those in PB, the proportions of @entity2393 + and CD45RO+ (memory) cells within @entity404 + were much higher than those in PB (P < 0.01). @entity1197 was also highly expressed on such @entity404 + cells in @entity7462 , as in other @entity1596 @entity1 and on such cells in CSF. Moreover, the percentages of Fas+ and memory cells in @entity7462 were significantly higher than those in CSF. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of @entity404 + lymphocytes in @entity7462 and CSF from @entity1 with active @entity7375 were activated memory cells, on which @entity1197 was also highly expressed. Although this Fas expression may not be an apoptosis-related phenomenon, accumulation of Fas+ memory T lymphocytes in @entity7462 and CSF probably reflects the immunopathologic mechanism of @entity7375 .

title: Expression of @entity1197 on helper T lymphocytes in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity7462 :: ('MESH:C562390', 'Disease') :: ['aqueous humor', 'AH']

entities_list: @entity7375 :: ('MESH:D014607', 'Disease') :: ['VKH', 'Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease']

answer: @entity7375 :: (MESH:D014607,Disease) :: ['Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: Asthmatics have @entity4423 and increased prevalence of @entity354 ( @entity354 ). The contribution of @entity356 is less studied. We studied gastric myoelectrical activity, gastric emptying (GE) and their association with @entity354 symptoms and vagal function in adult @entity748 . METHODS: Thirty mild, stable @entity748 and 30 healthy controls underwent real-time ultrasonography and 1 hour pre- and post-prandial cutaneous electrogastrography, following a test meal (480 kcal, 60% @entity1735 , 20% protein, 20% fat and 200 mL water). The percentage of normal slow waves and @entity943 , dominant frequency and power, frequency of antral contractions, @entity356 ( @entity356 ) and antral @entity1319 ( @entity1319 ) was calculated. Twenty-seven @entity748 underwent gastroscopy and in all subjects @entity354 symptoms were assessed by a validated questionnaire. Vagal function parameters were correlated with @entity356 parameters. RESULTS: The @entity748 (37% male; 34.8    8.4 years) and controls (50% male; 30.9    7.7 years) were comparable. None had endoscopic gastric pathological changes. Twenty @entity748 described @entity354 symptoms. Twenty-two (73.3%) @entity748 showed a hypervagal response. Compared to controls, @entity748 had delayed @entity356 and lower @entity1319 , lower percentage of normal gastric slow waves, more @entity356 and failed to increase the post-prandial dominant power. There was no correlation of GE and cutaneous electrogastrography parameters with presence of @entity354 symptoms or with vagal function. CONCLUSIONS: Asthmatics showed abnormal gastric myoelectrical activity, delayed GE and antral hypomotility in response to a solid meal compared to controls. There was no association with vagal function or @entity354 symptom status.

title: @entity356 following ingestion of a solid meal in a cohort of adult XXXX .

entities_list: @entity748 :: ('MESH:D013224', 'Disease') :: ['asthmatics']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity354 :: ('MESH:D005764', 'Disease') :: ['gastroesophageal reflux disease', 'GERD']

entities_list: @entity4423 :: ('MESH:D015154', 'Disease') :: ['abnormal esophageal motility']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmias']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['GER', 'gastric dysrythmias', 'gastric motility', 'gastric emptying rate']

entities_list: @entity1319 :: ('MESH:D015835', 'Disease') :: ['motility index', 'MI']

answer: @entity748 :: (MESH:D013224,Disease) :: ['asthmatics']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of the AdVance transobturator male sling in the treatment of @entity3142 and to identify the preoperative predictors of a successful outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS: All @entity1 were considered for sling placement 1 year after radical prostatectomy or transurethral resection of the prostate. The degree of @entity322 was assessed using the 24-hour pad weight test. A preoperative urodynamic assessment and cystoscopy were performed in all cases. @entity1 without sphincter contractions during the "repositioning test" were excluded. Since September 2010, we have implanted the AdVance XP transobturator sling. Cure was defined as no pad use. RESULTS: From February 2008 to June 2011, 61 @entity1 underwent transobturator sling (34 AdVance and 27 AdVance XP) insertion. In 26 cases, the sling was anchored with bioabsorbable sutures, and in 35 cases, it was not fixed. Of the 61 @entity1 , 7 had a history of anastomotic stricture and 3 of radiotherapy. Preoperatively, median 24-hour pad weight was 200 g (range 25-1848). Finally, 26 @entity1 had detrusor overactivity or @entity1494 . The median follow-up was 26 months (range 12-53). The overall cure rate was 80% (49 of 61). Deterioration of continence was observed during follow-up in 2 @entity1 . The preoperative variables (age, body mass index, 24-hour pad weight, International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form, adverse urodynamics, sling fixation, AdVance XP) and their association with the surgical outcome were analyzed. The preoperative 24-hour pad weight correlated inversely with the outcome (odds ratio 0.996), with a 0.4% decrease in cure rate for each 1-g increase in the preoperative 24-hour pad weight. The complications included perineal @entity1410 in 2, acute urinary retention in 9, perineal @entity1183 in 5, and de novo storage symptoms (urgency) in 5 @entity1 . CONCLUSION: The results of our study have shown that the AdVance and AdVance XP male slings are safe and efficient in @entity1 with mild postprostatectomy stress @entity322 . The severity of @entity322 was the only predictor of a successful outcome.

title: AdVance/AdVance XP transobturator male slings: preoperative degree of XXXX as predictor of surgical outcome.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['incontinence']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['low bladder compliance']

entities_list: @entity3142 :: ('MESH:D014550', 'Disease') :: ['male stress urinary incontinence']

answer: @entity322 :: (MESH:D014549,Disease) :: ['incontinence']


abstract: @entity8 /reperfusion (I/R) injury is a major cause of @entity8 . There is accumulating evidence that inflammatory reactions are involved in the pathogenesis of this process. Our studies demonstrate that @entity19 overexpressing @entity1 extracellular and intracellular @entity2041 peroxidases (GP) are protected against kidney I/R injury. Importantly, significant reduction in neutrophil migration was observed in GP @entity19 compared with nontransgenic @entity19 . Analysis of signaling molecules mediating neutrophil activation and recruitment indicates reduction in the level of KC and @entity9701 chemokine expression in transgenic animals. The molecular mechanism mediating this effect appears to involve repression of @entity1991 activation at the level of @entity1993 and @entity10181 degradation. In the case of @entity1993 , no apparent phosphorylation was detected. These results suggest that @entity1993 proteolysis is triggered during the renal I/R pro-oxidant state by a still unknown mechanism, which might be different from other stimuli. A central role of @entity1991 in CXC chemokine activation was demonstrated in cell culture anoxia/ @entity855 repletion experiments as a model of I/R. The data presented indicate the important role of GP-sensitive signal transduction pathways in the development of inflammatory response and tissue injury during I/R.

title: Modulation of chemokine expression during ischemia/reperfusion in @entity19 overproducing @entity1 XXXX peroxidases.

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['Renal ischemia', 'kidney damage']

entities_list: @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mice', 'transgenic mice']

entities_list: @entity2041 :: ('MESH:D005978', 'Chemical') :: ['glutathione']

entities_list: @entity9701 :: ('20310(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['macrophage inflammatory protein-2']

answer: @entity2041 :: (MESH:D005978,Chemical) :: ['glutathione']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The general features of the portal system @entity715 (PST) in puerperium are not known. Our aim was to evaluate the clinical characteristics of PST, including the portal, superior mesenteric and splenic veins in puerperium. METHODS: A case with PST in puerperium is reported and nine cases with PST in puerperium reported in the literatures are discussed. An analysis was carried out on these 10 cases. RESULTS: The mean age of the 10 cases that were analyzed was 31.6 years (range: 22-39 years). Five @entity1 were over 35 years of age. The mean onset time of PST in puerperium was 10.3 days (5-17 days) after the delivery or cesarean. Two or three veins were occupied by the thromboses simultaneously in six cases. All @entity1 were presented with @entity490 . Among 10 cases, there were two deaths, which were complicated with @entity1188 and were reported before the 1970s. CONCLUSIONS: PST in puerperium usually happens in @entity1 of advanced maternal age within 3 weeks after the delivery or cesarean. The scope of @entity715 was extensive. The main symptom was @entity490 . The mortality rate of PST in puerperium is not higher than that of the general PST cases.

title: Portal system XXXX in puerperium: a case report and literature review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal infarction']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

answer: @entity715 :: (MESH:D013927,Disease) :: ['thrombosis']


abstract: The treatment of @entity1 with @entity355 is similar to that of any @entity1 with underlying @entity354 ( @entity354 ). The treatment of reflux includes medical and surgical therapy. A key component of medical therapy is the use of a proton pump inhibitor to treat the underlying @entity354 . The major controversy is whether the end point of therapy should be the control of reflux symptoms or the control of esophageal pH. When controlling reflux symptoms with proton pump inhibitor therapy, it is important to eliminate all of the symptoms of reflux. An alternative to medical therapy is surgical fundoplication, which is currently performed laparoscopically. Fundoplication may be indicated when a @entity1 has persistent regurgitation even while on proton pump inhibitor therapy. An individual @entity1 also may choose fundoplication, preferring surgical intervention to taking medication long term on a daily basis. @entity1 with @entity355 also have the risk of the developing of @entity7145 . Therefore, there is an additional goal in the therapy for individuals with Barrett's to prevent progression to @entity420 . The standard approach to the issue of the premalignant nature of @entity355 is surveillance endoscopy with biopsy in order to detect @entity1141 , a cytologic and architectural histologic change. @entity1141 is the first step in the @entity5 , an early stage offering the opportunity of intervention and longer-term survival.

title: @entity355 , a Complication of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity355 :: ('MESH:D001471', 'Disease') :: ["Barrett's esophagus"]

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplastic process']

entities_list: @entity354 :: ('MESH:D005764', 'Disease') :: ['gastroesophageal reflux disease', 'GERD']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['dysplasia', 'Dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity7145 :: ('MESH:C562730', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma of the esophagus']

answer: @entity354 :: (MESH:D005764,Disease) :: ['GERD']


abstract: During an outbreak of Q @entity221 at a farmer's market in Soest (North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany) in 2003, we examined 263 serum samples of presumably infected @entity1 for Q @entity221 antibodies. One hundred and seventy-one of these @entity1 were tested positive for @entity4002 . Furthermore, 29 @entity1 of certain risk groups like pregnant @entity1 (n=11) or @entity1 with @entity340 (n=18) were examined. Among these, in four pregnant @entity1 and two heart @entity1 an acute but asymptomatic infection could be diagnosed. With 30 @entity1 we performed a serological follow-up for 8-60 weeks. In our study, phase 2 (PH2)-IgM antibodies as a marker for @entity697 were present in all 30 @entity1 3-4 weeks after onset of clinical signs and disappeared 3-4 months later. Six weeks to three months after clinical manifestation, all @entity1 developed @entity12297 -IgG antibodies in low levels with no clinical signs of @entity4002 . Three @entity1 , including one pregnant @entity1 showed high-level titres and were treated for @entity4002 . Eleven @entity1 with low @entity12297 -IgG antibodies and all three @entity1 with high titres developed IgA antibodies from 10 weeks after clinical manifestation; therefore @entity12297 -IgA cannot be used as the only serological marker for @entity4002 . @entity281 were indicated only by a continuous increase of @entity12297 antibodies and a high persistence of PH2-IgG. We therefore conclude that the exclusion of @entity4002 by a single serological examination cannot be done. At least three consecutive tests should be performed, that is 3, 6, and 9 months after @entity4002 .

title: Serological diagnosis and follow-up of asymptomatic and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'woman', 'patients', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity4002 :: ('MESH:D011778', 'Disease') :: ['initial Q fever infection', 'chronic Q fever infection', 'chronic Q fever', 'acute Q fever infection']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute infection']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic infections']

entities_list: @entity340 :: ('MESH:D006349', 'Disease') :: ['valvular heart disease']

answer: @entity4002 :: (MESH:D011778,Disease) :: ['acute Q fever infections']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity1209 ( @entity1209 ) are common complications after gynecological laparoscopic surgery. Because monotherapy with antiemetics is insufficient, combinations of various antiemetics are often recommended by experts. In this study, our purpose was to find out whether @entity45105 could enhance the efficacy of @entity19473 in preventing @entity1209 . METHODS: With hospital ethics committee approval, we investigated 120 @entity1 undergoing gynecological laparoscopic surgery receiving prophylactic @entity19473 (0.1  mg/kg; maximal dose, 5  mg) (group T) or @entity19473 (0.1  mg/kg; maximal dose, 5  mg) plus @entity45105 (0.01  mg/kg; maximal dose, 1  mg) (group TP), or @entity45105 (0.01  mg/kg; maximal dose, 1  mg) (group P). The incidence of @entity391 , the intensity of @entity390 (assessed by a visual analogue scale [VAS]), antiemetic rescues, and adverse effects were recorded at 2, 6, 12, and 24  h after surgery in the gynecological ward by a visiting nurse anesthetist who was unaware of the treatments. Collected data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the   (2) test. Continuous variables were expressed as means      SD, and non-continuous variables were expressed as n (%). RESULTS: The overall incidence of @entity391 was 28.3  % (34/120) in our study. The incidence of @entity391 was significantly lower in group TP (4 cases, 10  %) than that in group T (12 cases, 30  %) and group P (18 cases, 45  %). The incidence of @entity391 in group TP was also significantly lower than that in group T at 0-2  h and 2-6  h postoperatively and it was also significantly lower than that in group P at 0-2  h, 2-6  h, 6-12  h, and 12-24  h postoperatively. The incidence of @entity391 was significantly lower in group T than that in group P at 12-24  h postoperatively. The VAS of @entity390 was significantly lower in group TP than that in group T and group P at 2 and 6 h after surgery. It also showed a significant higher score in group P than that at group T and group TP at 12 and 24 h. Within group P, the VAS of @entity390 was significantly lower at 2 h postoperatively than that at 24 h. CONCLUSIONS: @entity45105 showed less efficacy in preventing @entity1209 than @entity19473 ; however, compared with @entity19473 or @entity45105 monotherapy, prophylactic medication with @entity19473 plus @entity45105 significantly reduced the incidence of @entity391 and decreased the intensity of @entity390 in @entity1 undergoing gynecological laparoscopic surgery.

title: @entity45105 enhances the efficacy of XXXX in prevention of @entity1209 following gynecological laparoscopic surgery.

entities_list: @entity45105 :: ('MESH:C486140', 'Chemical') :: ['penehyclidine', 'Penehyclidine']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity19473 :: ('MESH:C045504', 'Chemical') :: ['tropisetron']

entities_list: @entity1209 :: ('MESH:D020250', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative nausea and vomiting', 'PONV']

answer: @entity19473 :: (MESH:C045504,Chemical) :: ['tropisetron']


abstract: The effects of increasing @entity9304 (NB) concentrations and hydraulic retention times (HRT) on the treatment of NB were investigated in a sequential anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR)/aerobic completely stirred tank reactor (CSTR) system. In the first step of the study, the maximum COD removal efficiencies were found as 88% and 92% at NB concentrations varying between 30 mg L(-1) and 210 mg L(-1) in ABR. The minimum COD removal efficiency was 79% at a NB concentration of 700 mg L(-1). The removal efficiency of NB was nearly 100% for all NB concentrations in the ABR reactor. The @entity577 gas production and the @entity577 gas percentage remained stable (1500 mL day(-1) and 48-50%, respectively) as the NB concentration was increased from 30 to 210 mg L(-1). In the second step of the study it was found that as the HRT decreased from 10.38 days to 2.5 days the COD removal efficiencies decreased slightly from 94% to 92% in the ABR. For maximum COD and NB removal efficiencies the optimum HRT was found as 2.5 days in the ABR. The total COD removal efficiency was 95% in sequential anaerobic (ABR)/aerobic (CSTR) reactor system at a minimum HRT of 1 day. When the HRT was decreased from 10.38 days to 1 day, the @entity577 percentage decreased from 42% to 29% in an ABR reactor treating 100 mg L(-1) NB. @entity9304 was reduced to aniline under anaerobic conditions while @entity9308 was mineralized to @entity6153 with meta cleavage under aerobic conditions.

title: Effects of @entity9304 concentration and hydraulic retention time on the treatment of XXXX in sequential anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR)/continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTR) system.

entities_list: @entity9304 :: ('MESH:C036077', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrobenzene', 'Nitrobenzene']

entities_list: @entity577 :: ('MESH:D008697', 'Chemical') :: ['methane']

entities_list: @entity6153 :: ('MESH:C034221', 'Chemical') :: ['catechol']

answer: @entity9304 :: (MESH:C036077,Chemical) :: ['nitrobenzene']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Antithyroid drugs such as @entity3937 ( @entity3936 ), the mainstay of pharmacologic therapy for @entity2743 , can provoke a variety of adverse effects. @entity3936 -induced acute @entity788 is very rare, being described in only a few @entity1 and never after more than two exposures as reported here. Here, we report an 18-year-old @entity1 with @entity2743 who developed acute @entity788 each time she received @entity3936 . SUMMARY: The @entity1 was an 18-year-old @entity1 with @entity2743 who took @entity3936 on four occasions. Each time she promptly developed similar features consisting of high fever and @entity490 . On three occasions, serum lipase and amylase values were measured. Serum lipase was elevated on all three occasions and serum amylase was elevated once. Features resolved after @entity3936 was stopped. We considered these episodes to be most consistent with @entity788 , and to be induced by @entity3936 administration. CONCLUSION: @entity3936 -induced acute @entity788 is rare and easily misdiagnosed. Based on very limited experience, it should resolve after @entity3936 is stopped. The pathogenesis of @entity3936 -induced @entity788 is not known. Clinicians should be aware of this entity so that @entity3936 is promptly stopped if the features described here develop after @entity3936 is started, and measures are taken to avoid future @entity3936 treatment.

title: Acute XXXX induced by @entity3937 in a @entity1 with @entity2743 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['girl', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity3937 :: ('MESH:D008713', 'Chemical') :: ['methimazole']

entities_list: @entity2743 :: ('MESH:D006111', 'Disease') :: ["Graves' disease"]

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['left upper quadrant abdominal pain']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatitis']


abstract: We report on our experiences on 336 @entity1 suffering from manifest @entity4327 within a period of 10 years (1985-1995). Considering the pathogenesis, particularly the results of 218 @entity1 with "parapneumonic @entity4327 " were analysed retrospectively. Definite healing could be achieved by chest tube placement and pleural irrigation in 201 @entity1 (= 92.2%). Other 11 @entity1 finally needed surgical interventions (= 5%). Only 6 @entity1 could not be cured: An indwelling tube was palliatively inserted once and 5 @entity1 died in the course of the medical treatment (mortality = 2.3%). Within the first years the irrigation therapy was performed using a single chest tube (n = 38%) but since 1989 a double-lumen drainage was used (n = 158). Since 1987 in most cases (n = 182) intrapleural medicinal fibrinolysis was performed by instillation of streptokinase (Varidase N). If outward invasively pretreated @entity1 (n = 30) are analysed separately, a statistical dependency can be found between the duration and the way of treatment. Without significant difference between the groups (Gr) the average duration of treatment using a single tube without fibrinolysis (Gr1) was 31.8 days, but 26.5 days using a single tube combined with fibrinolysis (Gr2). A clear shortening of the duration is detectable if @entity1 were treated with a combination of double lumen drainage and fibrinolysis: If 2 tubes were used (Gr4) the treatment lasted 20.6 days, using one double-lumen tube (Gr5) it took 19.8 days. There is a proof of significance at comparison of Gr4 with Gr1 (p = 0.005). Gr5 with Gr1 (p < 0.001) and Gr5 with Gr2 (p = 0.014) respectively. A significant longer duration of treatment (40.6 days, p < 0.001) is found for the group of the pretreated @entity1 , if compared with the corresponding groups Gr4 or Gr5. CONCLUSION: @entity3509 most often can be cured by irrigation drainage. The mortality is comparatively low. The shortest duration of treatment is needed using the combination of a double-lumen tube with intrapleural instillation of a fibrinolytic agent (Varidase N). Invasively pretreated @entity1 need significantly longer durations at same form of treatment.

title: [Irrigation drainage and fibrinolysis for treatment of parapneumonial XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4327 :: ('MESH:D016724', 'Disease') :: ['pleural empyema']

entities_list: @entity3509 :: ('MESH:D004653', 'Disease') :: ['Parapneumonic empyemas']

answer: @entity4327 :: (MESH:D016724,Disease) :: ['pleural empyema']


abstract: The @entity5442 ( @entity5442 ) are a heterogeneous group of systemic diseases that include the familiar disease entities of @entity6017 ( @entity6017 ), @entity6558 ( @entity6558 ), and @entity5589 ( @entity5589 ). A subset of @entity1 has unique autoantibodies which are specific for @entity5442 ( @entity5442 specific autoantibodies; MSAs). We studied the clinical and serological characteristics of @entity5442 in 125 Dutch @entity1 . Sera were analysed by immunoblotting, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and immunoprecipitation. The most frequently encountered MSA was the anti-Jo-1 autoantibody (20%), followed by anti-tRNAHis (6%), anti-Mi-2 (6%), and anti-SRP (4%). The presence of certain MSAs was clearly associated with specific clinical characteristics. Anti-Jo-1 and anti-tRNAHis were associated with the anti-synthetase syndrome, anti-SRP with @entity6558 with severe @entity925 and @entity4841 and a moderate response to immunosuppressive treatment. A novel finding was the presence of anti-Mi-2, not only in @entity6017 , but also in @entity6558 . MSAs were frequently present in @entity6017 / @entity6558 sera, but were hardly ever detected in the sera of @entity5589 @entity1 . The few @entity5589 @entity1 with MSAs demonstrated a significant response to immunosuppressive treatment. It can be concluded that MSAs define specific clinical syndromes within the spectrum of @entity5442 and that they can assist in the differential diagnosis and treatment plan of these @entity74 by virtually excluding @entity5589 by their presence, and by potentially identifying a subgroup of @entity134 -responsive @entity5589 @entity1 .

title: Clinical and serological characteristics of 125 Dutch @entity5442 XXXX . @entity5442 specific autoantibodies aid in the differential diagnosis of the @entity5442 .

entities_list: @entity6017 :: ('MESH:D003882', 'Disease') :: ['dermatomyositis', 'DM']

entities_list: @entity5442 :: ('MESH:D009220', 'Disease') :: ['IIM', 'myositis', 'idiopathic inflammatory myopathies']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity5589 :: ('MESH:D018979', 'Disease') :: ['inclusion body myositis', 'IBM']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['enigmatic disorders']

entities_list: @entity4841 :: ('MESH:D018771', 'Disease') :: ['arthralgia']

entities_list: @entity6558 :: ('MESH:D017285', 'Disease') :: ['PM', 'polymyositis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: The presence or absence of basement membrane (BM) was examined in normal and neoplastic adult prostatic tissue as well as prostate cell lines using immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy. Immunohistochemical studies using antibodies directed against laminin and type IV collagen were done on 55 samples of @entity1 prostate representing various grades of @entity263 . The percentage of glandular structures surrounded by BM was determined. Benign prostates (n = 15) had BM around 99% of the acini. Gleason Grade II @entity420 (n = 9) had 65%, Grade III (n = 5) had 23%, Grade IV (n = 12) had 15%, and Grade V (n = 7) had 0% BM around glandular structures, respectively. None of the @entity3 (n = 7) had visible BM. By transmission electron microscopy, 32 prostates were examined for the glandular profile of BM. One hundred percent of the acini in the benign prostates (n = 17) had BM. Of the low grade @entity189 , @entity196 and II (n = 4), 44% of the acini had BM, and of the high grade @entity189 , Gleason IV and V (n = 7), 34% had BM. None of the @entity3 (n = 4) had BM by electron microscopy. We conclude that, in @entity263 , there is a progressive loss of BM with decreasing differentiation, and that in @entity263 @entity3 there is a complete loss of epithelial BM.

title: The relationship of basement membrane to histologic grade of XXXX @entity263 .

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostatic carcinoma', 'prostate carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity196 :: ('MESH:D020754', 'Disease') :: ['Gleason I']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine whether combining @entity12670 dye with a radiopharmaceutical agent will increase intraoperative detection of sentinel nodes (SNs) in @entity1 with @entity9910 . @entity1 AND DESIGN: Clinical trial with a consecutive sample. Eighty-seven @entity1 with clinical stage I @entity320 underwent preoperative lymphoscintigraphy with 1 of 3 radiopharmaceutical agents to identify the lymphatic basin and the site of the SN. All @entity1 subsequently underwent intraoperative lymphatic mapping and @entity1600 ( @entity1600 ) with @entity12670 dye and a radiopharmaceutical agent. A handheld gamma probe determined the radioactive counts over the draining lymph node basins and individual blue-stained lymph nodes before (in vivo) and after (ex vivo) their removal. An irrelevant body site was used as the denominator of a count ratio by which absolute counts were standardized for comparison. Completion lymphadenectomy was undertaken in @entity1 whose @entity1600 specimen had histopathologic evidence of @entity5 cells. SETTING: Tertiary care @entity5 center. INTERVENTION: Lymph node sampling. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Accuracy of SN detection by blue dye and radiopharmaceutical techniques. RESULTS: Preoperative lymphoscintigraphic images identified 100 lymph node basins and 135 lymph nodes in 87 @entity1 . All 3 radiopharmaceutical agents were equally effective in imaging the SN before surgery. During @entity1600 , we identified and removed 136 blue-stained and radioactive (hot) SNs and 8 additional non-blue-stained hot nodes from 98 basins (98.0%). Of the 144 excised lymph nodes, 132 nodes (91.7%) from 83 basins had either an in vivo- or an ex vivo-background count ratio of 2:1 or more and 125 nodes (86.8%) from 77 basins had a count ratio of 3:1 or more. Twelve blue-stained SNs had count ratios of less than 2:1. Seventeen SNs (11.8%) from 15 basins contained @entity3 : 16 were identified with blue dye and probe and 1 was identified with blue dye alone. Four (1.1%) of 377 non-SNs excised during completion lymphadenectomy contained @entity3 . There have been no lymph node recurrences during mean follow-up of 16.3 months (range, 7-42 months). CONCLUSIONS: The blue dye technique remains the criterion standard for @entity1600 in @entity320 . The addition of a radiopharmaceutical tracer serves as a useful adjunct to the visualization of blue-stained SNs.

title: Comparison of blue dye and probe-assisted intraoperative lymphatic mapping in XXXX to identify sentinel nodes in 100 lymphatic basins.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity1600 :: ('MESH:D014388', 'Disease') :: ['SLND', 'selective lymph node dissection']

entities_list: @entity12670 :: ('MESH:C025484', 'Chemical') :: ['isosulfan blue']

entities_list: @entity9910 :: ('MESH:C563985', 'Disease') :: ['early-stage melanoma']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma']

answer: @entity320 :: (MESH:D008545,Disease) :: ['melanoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity14507 ( @entity12315 ), a natural phytochemical, has shown inhibitory effects on the growth and migration of a variety of @entity5 cells; however, whether @entity12315 has similar effects on vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of @entity12315 on the proliferation and migration of cultured VSMCs and @entity8233 formation in a @entity130 model, as well as the related cell signaling mechanisms. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: @entity12315 dose-dependently inhibited the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB-induced proliferation of VSMCs without cell @entity137 . This inhibition was caused by a G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest demonstrated by fluorescence-activated cell-sorting analysis. We also showed that @entity12315 -induced growth inhibition was associated with the inhibition of the expression of @entity1896 and @entity36450 as well as an increase in @entity7919 ( @entity7919 ) levels in PDGF-stimulated VSMCs. Moreover, @entity12315 was also found to modulate migration of VSMCs and smooth muscle-specific contractile marker expression. Mechanistically, @entity12315 negatively modulated PDGF-BB-induced phosphorylation of @entity5232 ( @entity5232 ) and the activities of downstream signaling molecules including @entity1994 /glycogen @entity6913 , @entity8837 ( @entity8837 ), and @entity10433 ( @entity10433 ). Our in vivo studies using a @entity19 carotid @entity1317 model revealed that treatment with 150 mg/kg @entity12315 resulted in significant reduction of the @entity8233 /media ratio and @entity4698 ( @entity4698 )-positive cells, without affecting apoptosis of vascular cells and reendothelialization. Infiltration of inflammatory cells was also inhibited by @entity12315 administration. CONCLUSION: These results demonstrate that @entity12315 can suppress the phenotypic modulation of VSMCs and @entity8233 @entity1373 after @entity1317 . These beneficial effects on VSMCs were at least partly mediated by the inhibition of @entity5232 and the activities of downstream signaling pathways. The results suggest that @entity12315 has the potential to be a candidate for the prevention of @entity256 .

title: @entity14507 suppresses vascular smooth muscle cell phenotypic modulation and inhibits XXXX formation after @entity130 .

entities_list: @entity14507 :: ('MESH:C016392', 'Chemical') :: ["3,3'Diindolylmethane"]

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity8837 :: ('26417;26413', 'Gene') :: ['ERK1/2', 'extracellular signal-regulated kinase1/2']

entities_list: @entity10433 :: ('20848(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['STAT3', 'signal transducers and activators of transcription 3']

entities_list: @entity1317 :: ('MESH:D057772', 'Disease') :: ['arterial injury', 'vascular injury']

entities_list: @entity1373 :: ('MESH:D006965', 'Disease') :: ['hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity256 :: ('MESH:D023903', 'Disease') :: ['restenosis']

entities_list: @entity4698 :: ('18538(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['PCNA', 'proliferating cell nuclear antigen']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['carotid injury']

entities_list: @entity8233 :: ('MESH:D058426', 'Disease') :: ['neointima']

answer: @entity8233 :: (MESH:D058426,Disease) :: ['neointima']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) approaches to @entity339 ( @entity339 ) and surgical ablation for @entity955 ( @entity955 ) are now performed routinely, and avoidance of aortic manipulation and @entity1167 may further simplify the procedure. We present our experience with @entity3 fibrillatory @entity299 without aortic cross-clamping for @entity339 and @entity955 ablation. METHODS: Between January 2007 and August 2012, 292 consecutive @entity1 underwent @entity339 (n = 177), surgical ablation (n = 81), or both (n= 34), with fibrillating heart through a right minithoracotomy. Baseline characteristics, perioperative outcomes, and long-term survival were evaluated. RESULTS: The mean age was 56.8 years (range, 20-83 years). Reoperations were performed in 25 @entity1 (9%). The overall MV repair rate was 93.4% (198/211), including 13.1% (26/198) with anterior leaflet repair. Repair was performed in 100% of @entity1 with @entity66 . Of isolated posterior mitral valve repairs, 60.5% underwent repair with neochords (W.L. Gore and Associates, Flagstaff, AZ), and 29.7% underwent triangular resection. There was 1 operative mortality (0.3%), no intraoperative conversions to sternotomy, 4 reoperations (1.4%), 1 @entity64 (0.3%), and 1 transient @entity63 attack (0.3%). The 12-month return to sinus rhythm was 93%, and sinus rhythm without class I and class III antiarrhythmic medication was 85%. One- and 2-year cumulative survival was 98.5% and 97.8%, respectively. At mean follow-up of 27.3 months, our outcomes compared favorably with the 2011 Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) nationally reported outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrated that low operative mortality and @entity64 rate with @entity3 fibrillating @entity299 without cross-clamping allows for @entity339 and @entity955 ablation. Our results suggest that the @entity3 fibrillating heart approach is safe and effective.

title: XXXX fibrillating heart surgery: a safe and effective approach for mitral valve and surgical ablation for @entity955 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['low stroke', 'stroke']

entities_list: @entity339 :: ('MESH:D008944', 'Disease') :: ['mitral valve surgery', 'MVS']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['myxomatous MV disease']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation', 'AF']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac operations']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['MI', 'Minimally invasive']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardioplegic arrest']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['Minimally invasive']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Peritoneal @entity3 (PM) is a poor prognostic factor in @entity1 with @entity356 . The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) in @entity1 with advanced @entity356 with PM by retrospective analysis. A total of 54 @entity356 @entity1 with positive ascitic fluid cytology were included in this study: 23 @entity1 were treated with systemic chemotherapy combined with HIPEC (HIPEC+ group) and 31 received systemic chemotherapy alone (HIPEC- group). The @entity1 were divided into 4 categories according to the changes of @entity843 , namely disappear, decrease, stable and increase. The disappear + decrease rate in the HIPEC+ group was 82.60%, which was statistically significantly superior to that of the HIPEC- group (54.80%). The disappear + decrease + stable rate was 95.70% in the HIPEC+ group and 74.20% in the HIPEC- group, but the difference was not statistically significant. In 33 @entity1 with complete survival data, including 12 from the HIPEC+ and 21 from the HIPEC- group, the median progression-free survival was 164 and 129 days, respectively, and the median @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) was 494 and 223 days, respectively. In @entity1 with @entity843 disappear/decrease/stable, the @entity1349 appeared to be better compared with that in @entity1 with @entity843 increase, but the difference was not statistically significant. Further analysis revealed that @entity1 with controlled disease (complete response + partial response + stable disease) may have a better @entity1349 compared with @entity1 with progressive disease, with a statistically significant difference. The @entity137 were well tolerated in both groups. Therefore, HIPEC was found to improve survival in advanced @entity356 @entity1 with PM, but the difference was not statistically significant, which may be attributed to the small number of cases. Further studies with larger samples are required to confirm our data.

title: A retrospective analysis of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy for XXXX with peritoneal @entity3 .

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['gastric cancer']


abstract: The Eurostar Registry was established in 1996 to collate information, from centres across Europe, on the outcome from endovascular grafting of @entity449 . At the end of the first year of the project, data on 430 @entity1 had been entered onto the database. In 420 @entity1 (97.7%), the endografts were deployed without major complications. The 30-day mortality rate was low at 3.4% and @entity204 were confined mostly to 'high risk' @entity1 with major co-morbidity. Endoleaks, which were present on discharge from hospital in 15.7% of @entity1 , were associated with a significantly increased incidence of continued expansion of the @entity439 sac postoperatively (P < 0.01). Thus the early results confirmed the feasibility and low complication rate of endovascular repair of @entity439 , but a higher than expected incidence of @entity1070 . At 2 years, 895 @entity1 had been registered. The rate of early @entity1070 remained significantly unchanged but another 18% of @entity1 had developed new @entity1070 during the first year of follow-up. Six delayed @entity397 had been reported, 3 fatal. There were indications that 'self sealed' @entity1070 continued to pressurise the @entity439 sac. Severe distortion of the grafts with kinking and other structural changes associated with postoperative longitudinal shrinking of the @entity439 sac was observed in 69% of @entity1 at 1 year. Clinical complications associated with these changes included late endoleak and graft limb occlusion. Early unrealistic optimism about @entity439 repair has been replaced with a more realistic understanding of its benefits and limitations as a result of the Eurostar project and other registries. Randomised studies are now required to establish the most appropriate role for this approach, alongside established therapies.

title: The highs and lows of XXXX repair: the first two years of the Eurostar Registry.

entities_list: @entity449 :: ('MESH:D001014', 'Disease') :: ['aortic aneurysms']

entities_list: @entity1070 :: ('MESH:D057867', 'Disease') :: ['endoleaks']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['endovascular aneurysm', 'aneurysms', 'aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity397 :: ('MESH:D012421', 'Disease') :: ['ruptures']

answer: @entity439 :: (MESH:D000783,Disease) :: ['endovascular aneurysm']


abstract: The effects on micturition of the @entity1246 receptor agonists @entity6341 (selective for GABAA-receptors) and @entity1772 (selective for GABAB-receptors), given intrathecally and intra-arterially to unanesthetized @entity35 with and without @entity1494 secondary to outflow obstruction, were studied by continuous cystometry. When given intrathecally in increasing doses, both @entity6341 (1 to 10 micrograms) and @entity1772 (0.1 to 5 micrograms) produced a dose-dependent inhibition of micturition with progressive increases in bladder capacity and residual volume, and a decrease in micturition pressure ending with urinary retention and dribbling @entity322 . Generally, the effects were similar in normal @entity35 and @entity35 with @entity1494 . In normal @entity35 , @entity1027 (blocking GABAA-receptors) decreased bladder capacity and micturition volume, and increased micturition pressure. In both types of @entity35 , the effects of @entity6341 and @entity1772 were partly counteracted by @entity1027 and @entity1772 , respectively. In @entity35 with @entity1494 , the amplitude of the spontaneous bladder contractions during filling was significantly increased after administration of @entity6341 and @entity1772 . When given intra-arterially in high doses, @entity6341 (2 to 16 mg./kg.) and @entity1772 (8 to 16 mg./kg.) produced effects on cystometric parameters and spontaneous bladder contractions similar to those obtained with intrathecal administration. These results suggest that @entity6341 and @entity1772 have insignificant peripheral effects on the lower urinary tract, but depress micturition by an effect on the central nervous system. They also suggest that the inhibitory @entity1246 -ergic system does not play a role in the genesis of @entity1494 in @entity35 with outflow obstruction.

title: Effects of XXXX -receptor stimulation and blockade on micturition in normal @entity35 and @entity35 with @entity1494 .

entities_list: @entity6341 :: ('MESH:D009118', 'Chemical') :: ['muscimol']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['incontinence']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bladder hypertrophy', 'bladder hyperactivity']

entities_list: @entity1027 :: ('MESH:D001640', 'Chemical') :: ['bicuculline']

entities_list: @entity1772 :: ('MESH:D001418', 'Chemical') :: ['baclofen']

answer: @entity1246 :: (MESH:D005680,Chemical) :: ['GABA']


abstract: Cervical @entity44 are rare @entity5 which are the result of abnormal prenatal development. They are usually detected at birth, but can occasionally remain silent until adulthood. Obstruction of the airway is the major challenge in the neonatal period. Prenatal diagnosis allows for early consultation with paediatric surgical specialists, so that the time and place of delivery can be addressed, and planning for resuscitative efforts can be organized in advance. If the airway is quickly stabilized and resection of the @entity5 is not delayed, the prognosis is good. Cervical @entity44 in neonates are usually benign; however, malignant transformation and @entity3 can occur as a rare event, influencing long-term survival and prognosis. We present two cases of neonatal cervical @entity44 detected prenatally by ultrasound. In one case, termination of the pregnancy was elected. In the other case, the @entity1 was delivered at 36 weeks' gestation, an airway was secured, and subtotal resection of the @entity5 was performed. No developmental or @entity51 has been detected on long-term follow-up at 5 years of age. We present a review of the literature, with attention to outcome and potential for @entity5 , in order to provide help in decision-making, once prenatal diagnosis is made.

title: Cervical XXXX : prenatal diagnosis and long-term follow-up.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy in neonatal cervical teratomas', 'tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deficit']

entities_list: @entity44 :: ('MESH:D013724', 'Disease') :: ['teratoma', 'teratomas']

answer: @entity44 :: (MESH:D013724,Disease) :: ['teratoma']


abstract: In the present study, we examine the activity patterns of and synaptic inputs to Renshaw cells (RCs) during fictive locomotion in the newborn @entity19 using visually guided recordings from GABAergic cells expressing @entity367 decarboxylase 67-green fluorescent protein (GFP). Among the GFP-positive neurons in the lumbar ventral horn, RCs were uniquely identified as receiving ventral root-evoked short-latency EPSPs that were markedly reduced in amplitude by nicotinic receptor blockers @entity6959 or @entity2899 . During locomotor-like rhythmic activity evoked by bath application of @entity750 and @entity143 , 50% of the recorded RCs fired in-phase with the ipsilateral L2 flexor-related rhythm, whereas the rest fired in the extensor phase. Each population of RCs fired throughout the corresponding locomotor phase. All RCs received both excitatory and inhibitory synaptic inputs during the locomotor-like rhythmic activity. Blocking nicotinic receptors with @entity6959 markedly reduced the rhythmic excitatory drive, indicating that these rhythmic inputs originate mainly from motor neurons (MNs). Inhibitory synaptic inputs persisted in the presence of the nicotinic blocker. Part of this inhibitory drive and remaining excitatory drive could be from commissural interneurons because the present study also shows that RCs receive direct crossed inhibitory and excitatory synaptic inputs. However, rhythmic synaptic inputs in RCs were also observed in hemicord preparations in the presence of @entity6959 . These results show that, during locomotor activity, RC firing properties are modulated not only by MNs but also by the ipsilateral and contralateral locomotor networks.

title: Activity of Renshaw cells during locomotor-like rhythmic activity in the isolated spinal cord of neonatal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity6959 :: ('MESH:D008464', 'Chemical') :: ['mecamylamine']

entities_list: @entity367 :: ('CHEBI:18237', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamic acid']

entities_list: @entity2899 :: ('MESH:D014403', 'Chemical') :: ['tubocurarine']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: Anorectic drugs are increasingly being used in @entity28 to induce and/or maintain @entity353 . We have focused on the development of metabolic enhancers. These compounds increase energy expenditure, which is important because @entity353 is associated with metabolic re-adjustment to reduce energy output. Thus, metabolic enhancers ensure that energy expenditure is maintained when food intake is reduced. @entity21276 agonists are thermogenic agents that increase energy output by stimulating heat generation. Early selective @entity1093 -agonists were effective in producing @entity353 in @entity28 @entity35 , but were largely ineffective in @entity1 . In addition, many interacted with other types of beta receptor to produce side-effects. The development of a @entity3569 ovary cell (CHO) transfection system, using the @entity1 @entity21276 gene, resulted in potential new selective @entity1 @entity1093 -agonists being identified. However, the in vitro activity of these agents does not necessarily reflect their action in vivo, due to the presence of other receptor types and G proteins in the target cells, and interactions between them. The characterization of a selective @entity1093 -antagonist, SR59230A, has allowed us to examine @entity1093 -agonist activity in different experimental systems. The @entity435 transfection system has been used to show that @entity44486 is effective in blocking agonist activity against both the @entity35 adrenoceptor, and three @entity1 @entity1093 -receptor isoforms. In addition, SR59230A shows competitive inhibition of agonist activity in both @entity35 and @entity1 model systems. This antagonist may therefore provide a pharmacological tool for the functional study of by newly identified @entity1093 -receptor agonists.

title: Advances in pharmacotherapy for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obese', 'obesity']

entities_list: @entity21276 :: ('155', 'Gene') :: ['beta3-adrenoceptor', 'Beta3-adrenoceptor']

entities_list: @entity3569 :: ('10029', 'Species') :: ['Chinese hamster']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obesity']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Out-of-hospital @entity1167 (OHCA) is the sudden, unexpected loss of heart function, which occurs out of specialist healthcare facilities and inevitably leads to death if uninterrupted by effective cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). AIM: To evaluate the circumstances and basic epidemiological indices of OHCA in the population of adult inhabitants of Bielsko-Biala district within 12 months. METHODS: On the basis of standard ambulance dispatch cards of the Emergency Medical Services (EMS) teams, a retrospective analysis was made of 272 OHCA cases covering the period from 01.01.2013 to 31.12.2013. We assessed the basic demographic data of the victims, circumstances of the occurrence of OHCA, information on the potential cause and mechanism of the OHCA, and data related to the actions undertaken by witnesses and EMS teams. RESULTS: The overall OHCA incidence was 170/100,000 (243/100,000 in @entity1 ; 99/100,000 in @entity1 ). It increased with subjects' age (p < 0.01). The most frequent place of OHCA was the victim's home (82%). OHCA occurred in the presence of witnesses in 60% of cases. CPR was undertaken by a witness in 56% cases. Median CPR duration undertaken by a witness was 10 (IQR 8-14) min. Median time from notification receipt by the EMS to the team arrival was 9 (7-11) min. On the scene, defibrillation rhythm was recognised in 39% of cases. Sixty-seven @entity1 were declared deceased after the arrival of the EMS teams. In the remaining 205 cases, CPR was undertaken, which was ineffective for 141 @entity1 . Median CPR duration undertaken by the EMS team was 30 (20-40) min. The overall prehospital case fatality ratio was 76.5% (75.3% for @entity1 ; 79.3% for @entity1 ). CONCLUSIONS: OHCA incidence in the Bielsko-Biala population in 2013 was high, increased with age, and was twice as high for @entity1 than @entity1 . OHCA occurred most often at home, in the presence of a witness; however, CPR was not always undertaken promptly at the scene. CPR was effective for approximately 30% of the victims. The prehospital mortality was high with no differences between genders.

title: Epidemiology of out-of-hospital XXXX in the Bielsko-Biala district: a 12-month analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'persons', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrest']

answer: @entity1167 :: (MESH:D006323,Disease) :: ['cardiac arrest']


abstract: BACKGROUND: DISC-hGMCSF is a gH-deleted @entity1704 based vector expressing @entity1 @entity2841 that is being developed for @entity5 immunotherapy. To support first clinical use, a range of preclinical safety studies were performed using DISC-hGMCSF in addition to DISC- @entity19 -GMCSF and the backbone vector, TA-HSV. METHODS: The @entity137 of the DISC vectors was assessed by repeated dose, neurovirulence and neuroinvasiveness studies in @entity19 , and by safety studies in @entity95 , @entity840 and athymic @entity19 . Studies were also conducted to determine whether the vector could establish latency in local ganglia in @entity19 following intradermal injection, and whether it could reactivate from the latent state. The vector biodistribution following intravenous administration was also investigated in @entity19 , using PCR to detect vector DNA. RESULTS: The DISC vectors were essentially non-toxic in all the systems studied. No adverse reactions were seen in @entity19 receiving four intravenous doses of DISC-mGMCSF and the results from studies of neurovirulence, neuroinvasiveness, local tolerance in @entity95 , general safety in @entity19 and @entity840 and safety in athymic @entity19 were consistent with DISC being unable to replicate and cause disease. The vector could establish latency in local ganglia in @entity19 , but at low efficiency, and could not reactivate infectious virions. Following intravenous administration, vector DNA was widely distributed up to Day 28, but by Day 56 had disappeared from gonads and brain and was only found in blood and liver. CONCLUSION: The panel of safety studies provided evidence that DISC-hGMCSF will be unable to replicate and cause disease, and has low @entity137 in @entity1 . These data were presented to the Medicines Control Agency and the Gene Therapy Advisory Committee as part of the regulatory submissions for a clinical trial in @entity320 @entity1 . These submissions have been approved, and DISC-hGMCSF has now entered a phase I clinical trial in the UK by direct intratumoural injection.

title: Preclinical safety testing of DISC-hGMCSF to support phase I clinical trials in @entity5 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'man']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mice', 'nude mice', 'murine']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity95 :: ('9986', 'Species') :: ['rabbits', 'rabbit']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: @entity7784 ( @entity8393 ) may protect against @entity731 , and modulation of endothelium function is one possible mechanism. @entity519 /reoxygenation (H/R) is a potential risk factor for the pathogenesis of @entity731 , and it causes @entity409 . To evaluate whether @entity8393 may improve the @entity409 under the condition of H/R, we examined endothelial gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC), which is said to be important for the endothelium to maintain its normal function. The results indicate that H/R induced a temporal reduction in GJIC after 2 h of reoxygenation in cultured @entity1 umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). This reduction in GJIC was not observed in cells pretreated with 3 microg/ml @entity8393 for 2 days. The results of immunofluorescence show that 2 h reoxygenation caused an increased production of @entity669 -phosphorylated proteins, which was inhibited by @entity8393 pretreatment. Immunoprecipitation demonstrated that @entity669 residues of @entity495 ( @entity495 ), an important gap junctional protein in HUVEC, were phosphorylated by H/R. However, pretreatment with @entity8393 significantly suppressed this increased phosphorylation. The protective effect of @entity8393 on the reduction in GJIC was also observed in cells treated with 1.5 mM @entity8870 , a @entity669 phosphatase inhibitor. These data suggest that @entity8393 may ameliorate the H/R-induced @entity497 via inhibition of the @entity669 kinase activation.

title: Pretreatment with @entity7784 prevented @entity519 /reoxygenation-induced abnormality in endothelial gap junctional intercellular communication through inhibiting the XXXX kinase activity.

entities_list: @entity7784 :: ('MESH:D015118', 'Chemical') :: ['Eicosapentaenoic acid']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['endothelial dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity497 :: ('MESH:D003147', 'Disease') :: ['GJIC abnormality']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis', 'atherosclerotic disease']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

entities_list: @entity8870 :: ('MESH:D014638', 'Chemical') :: ['vanadate']

answer: @entity669 :: (CHEBI:18186,Chemical) :: ['tyrosine']


abstract: The effect of @entity288 and cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agents on the excretion of Bence Jones protein was determined for periods of 1 - 62 mo in 29 @entity1 with @entity1582 and Bence Jones @entity644 . The amount of protein present in 24-h urine specimens collected before treatment and at frequent intervals during monthly treatment cycles was determined. Striking variations occurred in the amount of Bence Jones protein excretion; these changes were especially evident when 75 mg of @entity229 were given daily for 7 days as part of a monthly chemotherapeutic regimen. Within the 7-day period seven @entity1 showed essentially no decrease (<25%), whereas 13 and 9 @entity1 had a moderate decrease (25-75%) or a marked decrease (>75%), respectively, in Bence Jones @entity644 as compared to pre-treatment values. The decrease in excretion of Bence Jones protein during this period was attributed mainly to @entity228 therapy because of the transient nature of the response in most @entity1 and the lack of such response in three @entity1 when the hormone was omitted. Biosynthetic studies were performed to determine in vitro the effect of @entity288 on Bence Jones protein synthesis. Plasma cells obtained from the bone marrow of 13 @entity1 were incubated in a growth medium containing @entity3209 -labeled @entity376 and @entity6778 and @entity229 in concentrations up to 240 mug/ml, and the amount of Bence Jones protein synthesized was determined immunochemically. No differences in viability were apparent between untreated and @entity229 -treated cells. The type of response exhibited by an individual @entity1 in the percent decrease of Bence Jones protein excreted after 7 days of @entity229 treatment was comparable to the percent decrease in newly-synthesized Bence Jones protein secreted by @entity5 cells when cultured in the presence of @entity229 at a concentration of 120 mug/ml. The marked differences in the capacity of @entity288 to affect Bence Jones protein synthesis appear to reflect a biochemical heterogeneity among @entity8450 .

title: Bence Jones proteins and light chains of immunoglobulins. XV. Effect of XXXX on synthesis and excretion of Bence Jones protein.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity228 :: ('CHEBI:50858', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroid']

entities_list: @entity1582 :: ('MESH:D009101', 'Disease') :: ['multiple myeloma']

entities_list: @entity6778 :: ('CHEBI:24898', 'Chemical') :: ['isoleucine']

entities_list: @entity376 :: ('CHEBI:25094', 'Chemical') :: ['lysine']

entities_list: @entity8450 :: ('MESH:D054219', 'Disease') :: ['plasma cell neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity288 :: (MESH:D000305,Chemical) :: ['corticosteroids']


abstract: PURPOSE: Cardiac involvement is an important prognostic factor in @entity370 , and cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging with late @entity2287 enhancement (LGE) can facilitate the identification of @entity299 ( @entity299 ). In @entity1 with @entity299 , we investigated LGE characteristics and their relationship with left ventricular (LV) function to identify those characteristics unique to severely reduced LV function. We also investigated the relationship between LGE and duration of @entity370 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated 19 @entity1 with @entity299 diagnosed according to the 2006 revised guidelines of the Japanese Ministry of Health and Welfare who underwent CMR imaging. We analyzed LGE location using 17-segment and subsegment (subepicardial, midwall, subendocardial, and transmural) models and evaluated the relationship between the characteristics of LGE and @entity1002 ( @entity1002 ) and duration of @entity370 . RESULTS: Images of 17 of the 19 @entity1 showed LGE most frequently in the @entity655 . The total number of affected segments with LGE correlated significantly with @entity1002 (r=-0.84, P<0.0001) and LV-diastolic volumes (r=0.88, P<0.0001). @entity75 were significantly more common in @entity1 with @entity1002 of 35% or lower than in those with @entity1002 exceeding 35% (P=0.0004). All @entity1 with @entity1002 of 35% or lower had both @entity75 . The total number of affected segments with LGE correlated with the duration of @entity370 in @entity1 with onset in an extracardiac organ (r=0.76, P=0.005). CONCLUSIONS: Demonstration of a characteristic LGE pattern and location allows diagnosis of @entity299 , and CMR imaging with LGE aids in prediction of LV function.

title: Late XXXX enhancement in @entity299 : characteristic magnetic resonance findings and relationship with left ventricular function.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['subepicardial and transmural lesions', 'Transmural lesions']

entities_list: @entity655 :: ('MESH:C535504', 'Disease') :: ['subepicardial layer']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac sarcoidosis', 'CS']

entities_list: @entity370 :: ('MESH:D012507', 'Disease') :: ['sarcoidosis']

entities_list: @entity2287 :: ('MESH:D005682', 'Chemical') :: ['gadolinium']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['LVEF', 'LV ejection fraction']

answer: @entity2287 :: (MESH:D005682,Chemical) :: ['gadolinium']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Although serum @entity1243 is principally influenced by body mass, to understand the role of insulin and @entity3800 in the regulation of serum @entity1243 in normal weight @entity1 . DESIGN: Prospective observational study. SETTING: Academic practice in reproductive endocrinology. @entity1 (S): Twenty-one @entity1 with @entity3610 ( @entity3610 ) of normal body weight, 8 apparently normal @entity1 with @entity3610 ( @entity3610 ), and 21 normal @entity1 . INTERVENTION(S): Fasting blood levels of luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, @entity251 (T), unbound T, @entity9027 (DHEAS), insulin, insulin growth factor-binding protein-1 ( @entity10116 ), and @entity1243 . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Comparisons of measured hormones in the different groups and correlative analysis RESULT(S): @entity1 with @entity3610 had higher levels of serum luteinizing hormone, T, unbound T, DHEAS and insulin, and lower levels of @entity10116 compared with the normal controls, but they had similar @entity1243 levels. Normal @entity1 with @entity3610 had increased levels of insulin and @entity1243 compared with controls, whereas @entity10116 was lower in @entity3610 . In normal weight @entity1 with @entity3610 and @entity3610 , @entity1243 correlated positively with body weight and insulin, and negatively with @entity10116 and DHEAS. CONCLUSION(S): In normal weight patients serum @entity1243 levels may be regulated in part by insulin. @entity3800 , on the other hand, may play a role in suppressing serum @entity1243 .

title: Evidence that insulin and @entity3800 may participate in the regulation of serum @entity1243 levels in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Women', 'PATIENT']

entities_list: @entity3610 :: ('MESH:D011085', 'Disease') :: ['polycystic ovary syndrome', 'polycystic-appearing ovaries', 'PAO', 'PCOS']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity9027 :: ('MESH:D019314', 'Chemical') :: ['dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate']

entities_list: @entity3800 :: ('MESH:D000728', 'Chemical') :: ['Androgens', 'androgens']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: To study the epidemiology and the clinical picture of @entity45675 in Siberia, Russia. Five hundred and fourteen @entity1 with @entity378 were enrolled in the study: 414 had @entity8 only, 100 had genital involvement. The clinical picture and @entity12622 were investigated: 42 had @entity378 of scrotal organs and 58 had @entity378 of the prostate. Urinary cultures, urinalysis, three-glass test, and investigation of the prostate secretion, Mycobacteria culture, and susceptibility testing were performed in all 514 @entity1 . 33.6% of all @entity1 earlier suffered from @entity1907 and were successfully cured. In 61.9% nephrotuberculosis was diagnosed alongside with an orchiepididymitis. In 30.9% of @entity1 @entity1621 was diagnosed. Mycobacteriuria was present in 38.1%. @entity292 was found in 11.9%. In 66.7% the symptoms appeared acutely. Half of the @entity1 with @entity1069 complained of @entity3833 , 23 (39.6%) had perineal @entity158 , 34 (58.6%) had @entity812 . Leucocytes in urine were present in 49 (84.5%) @entity1 , and in prostatic secretion in 45 (77.6%) @entity1 . Erythrocytes in urine were present in 31 (53.4%) @entity1 , and in prostatic secretions in 17 (29.3%) @entity1 . @entity45675 has no specific pathognomonic signs. Using a special algorithm for the management of @entity1 with @entity1069 or @entity3892 is recommended.

title: XXXX in Siberians.

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['kidney tuberculosis']

entities_list: @entity1069 :: ('MESH:D053448', 'Disease') :: ['prostate tuberculosis', 'prostatitis']

entities_list: @entity12622 :: ('MESH:D014401', 'Disease') :: ['structure of genital tuberculosis']

entities_list: @entity3892 :: ('MESH:D004823', 'Disease') :: ['epididymitis']

entities_list: @entity812 :: ('MESH:D021501', 'Disease') :: ['flank pain']

entities_list: @entity45675 :: ('MESH:D014389', 'Disease') :: ['male genital tuberculosis', 'Male genital tuberculosis']

entities_list: @entity292 :: ('MESH:D005402', 'Disease') :: ['Scrotal fistula']

entities_list: @entity378 :: ('MESH:D014376', 'Disease') :: ['genitourinary tuberculosis', 'tuberculosis']

entities_list: @entity1621 :: ('MESH:C563492', 'Disease') :: ['bilateral epididymorchitis']

entities_list: @entity1907 :: ('MESH:D014397', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary or extrapulmonary tuberculosis']

answer: @entity45675 :: (MESH:D014389,Disease) :: ['Male genital tuberculosis']


abstract: @entity3 of the acetabulum is a common and challenging surgical problem. We asked whether acetabular reconstruction for metastatic @entity79 improves functional outcome with an acceptable risk of surgical morbidity. We also asked if primary @entity5 type and the presence of visceral metastases predicted @entity1 survival. We analyzed prospectively accumulated records of 62 consecutive @entity1 who underwent 63 hip arthroplasties with acetabular reconstruction. Operative technique was guided by the extent of dome and column involvement. Demographics, functional status in the form of the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) score, and survival data were analyzed. Functional scores improved from an average of 2.6 preoperatively to 1.1 postoperatively. Four @entity1 had @entity260 for which we performed further surgery. Mean survival for the @entity1 with @entity0 was longer at 21 months compared to 9 months for the @entity1 with other primary @entity5 . @entity1 who did not present with visceral metastases had longer survival than those with visceral metastases. Despite the moderate risk of operative complications, an anatomically based approach to reconstruction of acetabular defects from @entity3 improves functional outcome. @entity0 as the primary @entity5 and the absence of visceral metastases predicted longer survival.

title: Outcomes of an anatomically based approach to XXXX of the acetabulum.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['Breast cancer', 'breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'malignancy', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone disease']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['Metastatic disease', 'metastatic disease']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['metastatic disease']


abstract: This study evaluates @entity4341 stress echocardiography in silent @entity63 . Fourteen @entity1 with previous coronary artery bypass grafting (group A) and 16 @entity1 with healed @entity583 (group B) were studied. All had > or = 1 mm ST @entity308 without @entity662 during bicycle exercise testing. Left ventricular wall motion was analyzed using a computerized display of digital systolic cineloops with a high frame rate. Test results were compared with coronary angiography. @entity4341 echocardiography accurately identified @entity1 with significant @entity3979 in both groups (3 of 4 in group A, 11 of 14 in group B). Retrograde flow to the occluded native artery was associated with positive results on @entity4341 testing in 6 of 7 @entity1 in group A and all 3 in group B. Sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy for detecting significant @entity3979 or occlusions with retrograde flow was 78, 100 and 83%, respectively. @entity1 with @entity66 had a significantly larger increase in wall motion score index during @entity4341 stress than @entity1 with 0- or 1-vessel disease, 0.18 +/- 0.11 versus 0.05 +/- 0.18 (p < 0.05). Two @entity1 developed symptomatic @entity1168 and @entity551 during @entity4341 infusion. It is concluded that @entity4341 echocardiography accurately identifies @entity296 with restricted coronary flow. Stress echocardiography is a valuable tool for assessing coronary flow in silent @entity63 .

title: Digital @entity4341 stress echocardiography in silent @entity63 after coronary artery bypass grafting and/or after healing of acute XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['chest pain']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial regions']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['angiographic multivessel disease']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity4341 :: ('MESH:D004176', 'Chemical') :: ['dipyridamole', 'Dipyridamole']

entities_list: @entity3979 :: ('MESH:D023921', 'Disease') :: ['coronary stenosis', 'coronary artery stenosis']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

entities_list: @entity1168 :: ('MESH:D001919', 'Disease') :: ['bradycardia']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarction']


abstract: We retrospectively examined @entity418 @entity1 who received enteral nutrition (EN) to clarify the validity of early EN compared with delayed EN. A total of 103 @entity1 who underwent transthoracic esophagectomy with three-field lymphadenectomy for @entity418 were entered. @entity1 were divided into two groups; Group E received EN within postoperative day 3, and Group L received EN after postoperative day 3. The clinical factors such as days for first fecal passage, the dose of postoperative albumin infusion, differences of serum albumin value between pre- and postoperation, duration of @entity32 ( @entity32 ), incidence of @entity260 , and use of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) were compared between the groups. The statistical analyses were performed using Mann-Whitney U test and Chi square test. The statistical significance was defined as p < 0.05. Group E showed fewer days for the first fecal passage (p < 0.01), lesser dose of postoperative albumin infusion (p < 0.01), less use of TPN (p < 0.01), and shorter duration of @entity32 (p < 0.01). However, there was no significant difference in postoperative complications between the two groups. Early EN started within 3 days after esophagectomy. It is safe and valid for reduction of albumin infusion and TPN, for promoting early recovery of intestinal movement, and for early recovery from systemic @entity32 .

title: Is early enteral nutrition better for postoperative course in @entity418 XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['systematic inflammatory response syndrome', 'inflammation', 'SIRS']

entities_list: @entity418 :: ('MESH:D004938', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal cancer']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative infectious complication']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: AIM: to study long-term (>= 2-year) RESULTS of ranibizumab treatment in @entity1 with @entity74 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study group included 27 @entity1 (mean age  SD of 66.7  13.8 years) treated with ranibizumab for approved indications. Follow-up period ranged from 24 to 58 months (34.5  9.1 months on average). RESULTS: Optical coherence tomography showed statistically significant improvements of functional and anatomical parameters, namely, an increase in visual acuity (from 0.34  0.20 to 0.57  0.24, p <=0.01) and a decrease in both central retinal thickness (from 372.26  96.21  m to 272.48  69.70  m, p <=0.01) and macular volume (from 8.01  1.46 mm3 to 7.10  1.08 mm3, p <=0.01). There was also a decreasing tendency of the average annual number of intravitreal ranibizumab injections per @entity1 : 4.56 injections were done during the 1st year, 1.93 - during the 2nd year, and only 1.6 - during the 3rd year of follow-up. A total of 29.6% of @entity1 showed no need in resuming the treatment at year 2 and 40.0% - at year 3. Exudation from the neovascular membrane relapsed in 24 @entity1 (88.9%) at some time during the follow-up; at that, in 74.1% of @entity1 the injection-free intervals lasted from 6 to 36 months. None of the 231 injections was associated with any complications concerning ocular functions and morphology and requiring additional treatment. No correlation was found between the anti-angiogenic therapy and the progression of @entity65 . CONCLUSION: Intravitreal ranibizumab has been proved effective and safe for the treatment of @entity74 . Moreover, flexible dosing schemes for ranibizumab contribute to rapid (during the 1st year already) and stable clinical benefits.

title: [Long-term outcomes of anti-angiogenic therapy for XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['macular neovascular disorders', 'neovascular macular disorders']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity74 :: (MESH:D030342,Disease) :: ['macular neovascular disorders']


abstract: B-precursor @entity981 (B- @entity981 ) lymphoblast (blast) internalization of @entity24374 ( @entity24374 ) antibody-armored biodegradable nanoparticles (AbBNPs) are investigated. First, AbBNPsaere synthesized by adsorbing anti- @entity24374 antibodies to @entity7050 ( @entity7050 ) nanoparticles of various sizes and antibody surface density (Ab/ @entity3876 ) ratios. Second, AbBNPs are incubated with @entity24374 -overexpressing ( @entity24374 +) or control blasts. Third, internalization of AbBNPs by blasts is evaluated by multicolor flow cytometry as a function of receptor expression, AbBNP size, and Ab/ @entity3876 ratio. Results from these experiments are con-firmed by electron microscopy, fluorescence microscopy, and Western blotting. The optimal size and Ab/ @entity3876 for internalization of AbBNPs by @entity24374 + blasts is 50 nm with 10 Ab/ @entity3876 and 100 nm with 25 Ab/ @entity3876 . These studies show that internalization of AbBNPs in childhood B- @entity981 blasts is AbBNP size-and Ab/ @entity3876 ratio-dependent. All AbBNP combinations are non-cytotoxic. It is also shown that @entity28223 is very slightly up-regulated by blasts exposed to AbBNPs. @entity28223 is "the marker of self" overexpressed by blasts to escape phagocytosis, or "cellular devouring", by beneficial macrophages. The results indicate that precise engineering of AbBNPs by size and Ab/ @entity3876 ratio may improve the internalization and selectivity of future biodegradable nanoparticles for the treatment of @entity1778 @entity1 , including drug-resistant minority @entity1 and @entity1467 @entity1 with @entity24374 +B- @entity981 .

title: Anti- @entity24374 Antibody-Armored Biodegradable Nanoparticles for Childhood B- XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity981 :: ('MESH:D054198', 'Disease') :: ['ALL', 'acute lymphoblastic leukemia']

entities_list: @entity24374 :: ('64109', 'Gene') :: ['CRLF2', 'anti-cytokine receptor-like factor 2']

entities_list: @entity7050 :: ('MESH:C043435', 'Chemical') :: ['PLGA', 'poly(D,L-lactide- co -glycolide)']

entities_list: @entity1467 :: ('MESH:D004314', 'Disease') :: ["Down's syndrome"]

answer: @entity981 :: (MESH:D054198,Disease) :: ['ALL']


abstract: Tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) are endogenous regulators of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). They are believed to possess several distinct cellular functions, particularly the contradictory activities of inhibiting MMPs and promoting @entity5 cell growth. Immunohistochemistry was performed to detect @entity1552 protein in 136 infiltrative @entity0 . @entity1552 protein was analyzed in parallel with clinicopathologic features ( @entity5 size, histologic type, nuclear and histologic grade, stage), @entity1 ' overall survival and ER, PR, @entity1722 , @entity876 and @entity588 proteins. Statistical analysis was performed using univariate and multivariate models analysis. Immunoreactivity for @entity1552 was observed in @entity5 cells and stromal fibroblasts in 106 (77.94%) and 104 (76.47%) of 136 cases, respectively. @entity1552 protein expression in stromal fibroblasts showed a statistically significant inverse correlation with @entity5 size (P =.014). An inverse correlation was also observed between @entity1552 epithelial immunoreactivity and nuclear and histologic grade (P =.036 and P =.007, respectively). @entity1552 protein reactivity showed statistically significant positive associations with topo IIalpha and @entity588 in stromal and @entity5 cells, respectively (P =.032 and P =.001, respectively). @entity1552 protein expression in @entity5 and stromal cells was associated with better @entity1 ' overall survival (P =.002 and P =.038, respectively). When evaluated by the Cox's proportional hazard regression model, this association was further established, but only as far as @entity1552 expression in @entity5 epithelium was concerned (P =.019). Our results support the multifunctional potential of @entity1552 through its correlation on the one hand to a favorable outcome, due to its MMP inhibitory activity and on the other to topo IIalpha contributing to its growth factor activity.

title: Correlation of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 with proliferative activity and @entity1 ' survival in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: Raw and boiled aqueous extracts of garlic (Allium sativum) were administered daily to normal @entity35 both orally and intraperitoneally for 4 wk. The serum levels of @entity413 , @entity165 , and @entity1674 were measured. When the @entity35 were treated with a low dose (50 mg/kg) of raw aqueous extract of garlic, no significant changes in the serum @entity413 levels were observed compared with the control group. However, there was a significant reduction in the @entity165 level of @entity35 receiving a low dose of garlic (11-14%). @entity35 receiving garlic orally and intraperitoneally also showed a significant reduction in @entity412 levels (38%). When the @entity35 were treated with a high dose (500 mg/kg) of raw garlic, @entity413 , @entity165 , and @entity412 levels were significantly affected. When boiled garlic extracts were administered at high concentrations (500 mg/kg), there was no effect on the level of serum @entity413 . However, a relatively small but significant decrease in the concentration of @entity165 and @entity1674 was observed in the serum of the @entity35 receiving boiled garlic. Raw garlic had a profound effect in reducing the @entity413 , @entity165 , and @entity412 levels, whereas boiled garlic had little effect in controlling these parameters. Therefore because @entity407 is a major etiopathological factor for @entity731 , garlic may play an important role in the prevention of @entity731 .

title: Including garlic in the diet may help lower blood XXXX , @entity165 , and @entity1674 .

entities_list: @entity407 :: ('MESH:D006949', 'Disease') :: ['hyperlipidemia']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity413 :: (MESH:D005947,Chemical) :: ['glucose']