abstract: BACKGROUND: The utility of Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT) has been documented as a maintenance treatment for late life @entity308 as mono-therapy or in combination with antidepressant medication. Late life @entity308 , however, is frequently co-morbid with declining memory or other cognitive abilities such that the usefulness of one-to-one psychotherapies is called into question for this subgroup. Additionally, concerned caregivers often accompany these @entity1 to request help and their role in the presenting symptoms and in their potential resolution must also be addressed by any successful psychotherapy in this population. OBJECTIVES: To explore ways in which IPT could be modified to better serve the particular presentation and needs of @entity308 with @entity73 along with their caregivers. METHODS: Various modifications of traditional IPT techniques were experimented with and refined in our collaborative late life research center using regular group supervision and feedback from @entity1 and their caregivers. RESULTS: A key component of these modifications involves the integration of the caregiver into the treatment process in flexible ways that recognize their own role transition that is taking place simultaneously with that of the @entity1 's role transition from a greater to a lesser functional state. Other techniques for resolving role conflicts, particularly those directly involving care issues for the @entity1 , are also delineated. These modifications are collectively referred to as IPT-CI for @entity73 . A brief case vignette is presented. CONCLUSION: The modifications outlined in this communication reflect an evolving work-in-progress and serve as a framework for the future development of a manual of guidelines to assist healthcare personnel to optimally treat this population and their caregivers.

title: Expanding the usefulness of Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT) for XXXX with co-morbid @entity73 .

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment', 'cognitive decline']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressed elders', 'depression']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['depressed elders']


abstract: The goals of this study were to quantitate biochemical markers of bone metabolism on days 1-15 after bilateral tibial @entity236 surgery in young adult @entity35 and to determine the effect of a single dose of @entity1667 (2 mg/kg) or deflazacort (2.5 mg/kg) given at the time of ablation. Unexpectedly, serum @entity460 levels rose to a maximum of 15.9 mg/dl on day 7 after @entity236 and remained above normal through day 15. This increase was blocked by a single intramedullary injection of @entity1667 or deflazacort immediately following ablation; however, the fact that both drugs produced a characteristic rapid 3- to 10-fold increase in the serum @entity14445 level demonstrates that the drugs rapidly reached the circulation. Both @entity1667 and @entity42962 also inhibited intramedullary deposition of collagen by 40-60% on day 7, a time near which operated control animals achieved maximal accumulation of new bone in this model. Histological comparisons among the three experimental groups were largely consistent with biochemical results. The urinary @entity720 / @entity908 ratio for the operated control group doubled on day 3 and then returned to presurgical levels on day 7 and later. The timing and size of the @entity720 / @entity1011 peak, as well as the fact that the intratibial osteoclastic response peaks on days 8-10 after ablation, suggests it results from extratibial bone resorption induced by @entity236 . Consistent with this rationale, urinary @entity460 excretion in operated controls rose 9-fold from day 0 to day 3 and appeared to plateau over the period from day 3 to day 9, before returning to a near presurgical level on day 15. Elevated excretion of @entity460 noted on days 9-15 in deflazacort-treated animals, which occurs in the absence of a detectable increase in resorption marker @entity720 , may however be due to the known action of glucocorticoids in increasing kidney filtration of @entity460 . In summary, this is the first report to show that bilateral tibial @entity236 in @entity35 causes a rapid @entity2741 and calciuria which is accompanied initially by a peak of bone resorption marker urinary @entity720 . We speculate that the source of @entity460 and @entity720 is extratibial osteoclastic bone resorption induced by circulating cytokines whose release from ablated @entity2045 is inhibitable by @entity1667 and deflazacort.

title: Bilateral tibial @entity236 in @entity35 induces a rapid XXXX arising from extratibial bone resorption inhibitable by @entity1667 or deflazacort.

entities_list: @entity1667 :: ('MESH:D008775', 'Chemical') :: ['methylprednisolone']

entities_list: @entity2741 :: ('MESH:D006934', 'Disease') :: ['hypercalcemia']

entities_list: @entity2045 :: ('MESH:D009207', 'Disease') :: ['tibias or osteoclastogenic action']

entities_list: @entity908 :: ('MESH:D003401', 'Chemical') :: ['creatine']

entities_list: @entity720 :: ('CHEBI:18095', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxyproline']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity236 :: ('MESH:D001855', 'Disease') :: ['marrow ablation']

entities_list: @entity42962 :: ('MESH:C021988', 'Chemical') :: ['deflazacort']

answer: @entity2741 :: (MESH:D006934,Disease) :: ['hypercalcemia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Early detection and accurate staging are crucial for planning treatment and improving survival rate of @entity201 . This study investigated the diagnostic value of a three dimensional, spoiled gradient echo, T1-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) imaging sequence (3D volumetric interpolated breath-hold examination, 3D-VIBE) in the preoperative evaluation of @entity201 . METHODS: Thirty-one @entity1 with surgically and histologically confirmed @entity201 underwent preoperative MR imaging examination. Unenhanced two-dimensional T1- and T2-weighted images, 2D MR cholangiopancreatographs (MRCP), @entity2287 enhanced 3D-VIBE images in the early arterial, late arterial and portal venous phases followed by 2D T1-weighted images in the equilibrium phase were acquired. Images from 3D-VIBE, 2D T1-weighted enhanced sequences and 2D MRCP were interpreted by two abdominal radiologists through consensus reading in blind manner, focussing on the assessment of the morphological type, the longitudinal extent of @entity5 infiltration in the bile ducts and the involvement of neighbouring blood vessels. The accuracy of 3D-VIBE and 2D T1-weighted enhanced sequences in assessing the @entity5 resectability was compared. RESULTS: All the 31 @entity5 were directly displayed and accurately classified on 3D-VIBE images whereas 8 periductal infiltrating @entity5 (8/31, 25.8%) were not depicted on 2D T1-weighted enhanced images. Using the @entity1535 Corlette classification, 3D-VIBE was closer to MRCP in delineating the intraductal extent of @entity5 infiltration than 2D T1-weighted enhanced (28/31, 90.3%; 10/31, 32.3%; chi2 = 22.0, P < 0.05). Involvement of the hepatic artery, the portal venous trunk and their branches was shown more frequently on 3D VIBE than 2D T1-weighted enhanced images. The positive predictive value and accuracy of 3D-VIBE (84.2%; 90.3%) for assessing @entity5 resectability were higher than those of 2D T1-weighted enhanced images (64.0%; 71.0%, all P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Gadolinium enhanced 3D-VIBE is better than 2D T1-weighted enhanced sequence in the preoperative assessment of the morphologicalal type, the intraductal infiltrating extent and the @entity5 resectability of @entity201 .

title: XXXX : preoperative evaluation with a three dimensional volumetric interpolated breath-hold examination magnetic resonance imaging sequence.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity201 :: ('MESH:D018281', 'Disease') :: ['hilar cholangiocarcinoma', 'hilar cholangiocarcinomas']

entities_list: @entity2287 :: ('MESH:D005682', 'Chemical') :: ['gadolinium']

answer: @entity201 :: (MESH:D018281,Disease) :: ['Hilar cholangiocarcinoma']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVES: Functional neuroimaging studies suggest a prominent role for the medial prefrontal cortex in the formation of moral judgments. Activity in this region has also been shown to decline significantly during @entity25 . We therefore examined the effects of 2 nights of @entity1949 on several aspects of moral judgment. DESIGN: @entity1 made judgments about the "appropriateness" of various courses of action in response to 3 types of moral dilemmas at rested baseline and again following 53 hours of continuous wakefulness. SETTING: In-residence sleep laboratory at the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research. @entity1 : Twenty-six healthy adults (21 @entity1 , 5 @entity1 ). INTERVENTIONS: N/A. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: Compared to baseline, @entity1949 resulted in significantly longer response latencies (suggesting greater difficulty deciding upon a course of action) only for Moral Personal (i.e., emotionally evocative) dilemmas, whereas response times to Moral Impersonal (less emotionally evocative) and Non Moral dilemmas did not change significantly with @entity25 . The effect of @entity1949 on the willingness to agree with solutions that violate personally held moral beliefs was moderated by the level of emotional intelligence, as measured by the Bar-On EQ-i. @entity1 high in emotional intelligence were less susceptible to changes in moral judgments as a function of @entity25 . CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that @entity1949 impairs the ability to integrate emotion and cognition to guide moral judgments, although susceptibility to the effects of @entity25 on this ability is moderated by the level of emotional intelligence.

title: The effects of 53 hours of XXXX on moral judgment.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Persons', 'women', 'Participants', 'PARTICIPANTS', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1949 :: ('MESH:D012892', 'Disease') :: ['sleep deprivation']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['sleep loss']

answer: @entity1949 :: (MESH:D012892,Disease) :: ['sleep deprivation']


abstract: The objectives of this paper are to assess whether two indices of intrinsic infection risk (the SENIC and the NNIS index) predict in-hospital mortality and the attributable in-hospital mortality due to @entity580 in surgical @entity1 . A prospective study on 4714 @entity1 admitted to three hospitals has been carried out. The relative risk and its 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated. Multiple-risk factors adjusted for odds ratios (OR) were yielded by logistic regression analysis. Overall, 119 @entity1 (2.5%) died before hospital discharge. Both the SENIC and the NNIS indices were related to in-hospital mortality in crude data. After controlling for several variables (age, sex, ASA score, cancer, @entity177 , @entity6 , stay at the ICU), the SENIC index did not show any significant trend with mortality (P = 0.252), whereas the trend was significant for the NNIS index (P < 0.001). Risk of @entity204 in @entity1 with one @entity580 was 7.5%, and in @entity1 developing more than one @entity580 was 17.1%. After adjusting for several confounding variables, the development of an organ/space @entity281 was significantly related to mortality (OR = 4.5, 95% CI 1.5-15.6) as was @entity1503 (OR = 17.3, 95% CI 3.5-87.0). The association of a @entity281 and either a @entity1729 or a @entity1503 also increased significantly the risk of in-hospital mortality (OR = 3.3, 95% CI 1.2-8.7). In conclusion, the NNIS index is a good predictor of in-hospital mortality. @entity1 developing an organ/space @entity281 have an increased risk of in-hospital mortality.

title: XXXX , indices of intrinsic infection risk, and in-hospital mortality in general surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['surgical site infection and/or a blood infection', 'surgical site infection']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['blood infection']

entities_list: @entity1729 :: ('MESH:D012141', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory tract infection']

entities_list: @entity580 :: ('MESH:D003428', 'Disease') :: ['nosocomial infection']

answer: @entity580 :: (MESH:D003428,Disease) :: ['Nosocomial infection']


abstract: Several buildings were contaminated with @entity6192 in the fall of 2001. These events required consideration of how to disinfect large indoor spaces for continued worker occupation. The interactions of gaseous disinfectants with indoor materials may inhibit the disinfection process, cause persistence of the disinfectant, and lead to possible byproduct formation and persistence. @entity5495 ( @entity5496 ) is a candidate for disinfection/deactivation of biological agents in buildings. In this study, 24 indoor materials were exposed to @entity5496 for 16 hr at concentrations ranging from 100 to 2500 ppm in 48-L electropolished stainless steel chambers. @entity5496 concentrations were measured during and after disinfection. Its interactions with materials were observed to be small, with nearly complete and rapid desorption. Between 3% and 8% of @entity5496 adsorbed to four materials (office partition, ceiling tile, particle-board, and gypsum wallboard with satin paint), and the degree of adsorption decreased with increasing relative humidity. The percentage of adsorption to all other materials was <2%. This result suggests that when designing disinfection events with @entity5496 , loss to indoor materials can be neglected in terms of disinfectant dose calculations. Possible reaction products were identified and/or quantified before and after exposure to @entity5496 . Several monomethylated and dimethylated aliphatic compounds were observed in chamber air at low concentrations after the exposures of six materials to @entity5496 . Concentration increases also occurred for chemicals that were observed to naturally off-gas from materials before exposure to @entity5496 , suggesting that @entity5496 may play a role in enhancing the natural off-gassing of chemicals, for example, by competitive displacement of compounds that already existed in the materials. The results described in this paper should facilitate the design of building disinfection systems involving @entity5496 .

title: XXXX as a building disinfectant: interaction with indoor materials and resulting byproduct formation.

entities_list: @entity6192 :: ('1392', 'Species') :: ['Bacillus anthracis']

entities_list: @entity5495 :: ('MESH:C005218', 'Chemical') :: ['Methyl bromide']

answer: @entity5495 :: (MESH:C005218,Chemical) :: ['Methyl bromide']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Physicians and their @entity1 are greatly concerned about perioperative blood administration. Although isovolemic hemodilution is utilized to decrease the incidence of transfusion, it is unclear at what degree of hemodilution hepatoenteric @entity63 and injury occurs. The authors hypothesized that @entity99 , systemic @entity63 , and @entity3145 would occur during hemodilution in @entity95 , and that the severity of @entity63 and injury may be dependent on the fluid administered. METHODS: @entity95 anesthetized with @entity5161 were assigned randomly to a sham-operated group (n = 8) or groups that underwent four isovolemic hemodilutions (25% of the blood volume removed at hourly intervals), with blood replaced with one of three solutions: balanced electrolyte solutions containing 6% pentastarch (n = 8), 6% hetastarch (n = 9), or 5% @entity1 albumin in normal saline (n = 8). Arterial @entity6178 body ratio and plasma @entity880 , respectively, served as measures of hepatic and systemic @entity63 . Gastric, duodenal, and hepatic histologic injury was assessed post mortem. RESULTS: Hemodilution from a baseline hematocrit of about 33% to about 8% (third hemodilution) with all three colloids did not result in a significant increase in plasma @entity880 concentration or decrease in arterial @entity6178 body ratio. At a hematocrit of about 5% (fourth hemodilution), the hetastarch group had a significantly (P < 0.05) greater plasma @entity880 concentration than the sham-operated and 5% @entity1 albumin groups. There were no significant differences in arterial @entity6178 body ratio or histologic injury between the groups. CONCLUSIONS: Isovolemic hemodilution (approximately 5% hematocrit) with albumin, pentastarch, or hetastarch solutions does not result in significant @entity99 or injury assessed by histology.

title: Extreme, progressive isovolemic hemodilution with 5% XXXX albumin, PentaLyte, or Hextend does not cause @entity99 or histologic injury in @entity95 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3145 :: ('MESH:D017695', 'Disease') :: ['tissue injury']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity95 :: ('9986', 'Species') :: ['Rabbits', 'rabbits']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity5161 :: ('MESH:D007530', 'Chemical') :: ['isoflurane']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic ischemia']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Serial casting has demonstrated efficacy for @entity2112 ( @entity1635 ). Results of casting in @entity1635 @entity1 have not previously been well described. METHODS: A total of 53 @entity1 underwent serial casting for @entity1635 from 2005 to 2010 at a single institution. Deformity was classified as idiopathic or nonidiopathic. Diagnosis, time in cast, number of casts, use of bracing, complications, and outcomes were recorded. Radiographic measures included Cobb angle and thoracic height (T1-T12). @entity1514 height velocity was calculated and compared with established norms. RESULTS: A total of 36 @entity1 , 19 idiopathic and 17 nonidiopathic (14 syndromic, 3 congenital), completed cast treatment and had >6-month follow-up and were therefore included. Of those, 17% (6/36) experienced resolution of their deformity, 53% (19/26) are currently in braces, and 31% (11/36) had undergone surgery. Surgery occurred on average at age 5.6 years and was delayed by an average of 2.1 years from time of first cast. A 19% complication was observed. There was no statistical difference in the rate of resolution of deformity between idiopathic (5/19) and nonidiopathic (1/17) @entity1 (P=0.182), although there exists a trend toward greater curve correction in idiopathic @entity1 . Surgery occurred in fewer @entity1 (2/19) in the idiopathic group compared with the nonidiopathic group (9/17) (P=0.006). Significant improvements in Cobb angle was observed in the idiopathic group (12.2 degrees) during casting (P=0.003). Nonidiopathic @entity1 did not maintain the correction gained during casting at the time of final follow-up. T1-T12 height increased across all study @entity1 regardless of etiology during the period of casting at similar velocity to established norms of 1.4 cm/y for this age group. CONCLUSIONS: Serial casting offers modest @entity85 in @entity85 compared with @entity85 . @entity1514 height growth continued throughout the casting period at normal velocity. Serial casting maintained normal longitudinal thoracic growth in all @entity1 with @entity1635 in this cohort. Although many required surgery, the increased thoracic height may have positive implications on ultimate pulmonary function. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic level III.

title: The role of serial casting in XXXX ( @entity1635 ).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1635 :: ('MESH:D012600', 'Disease') :: ['nonidiopathic (syndromic and congenital) EOS', 'EOS']

entities_list: @entity2112 :: ('MESH:C564593', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic early-onset scoliosis']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['deformity correction', 'idiopathic deformities', 'nonidiopathic deformities']

answer: @entity1635 :: (MESH:D012600,Disease) :: ['early-onset scoliosis']


abstract: @entity1478 is the principal emergency procedure undertaken in the University Department of Libreville. We study 509 cases treated surgically between 1984 and 1987, which is a level of 16/1,000 deliveries. The incidence of @entity397 of the tube has driven us to search for the best possible means to diagnose the condition earlier. Ultrasound gives the best results, dropping the level of ruptured tubes from 83% in 1984 to 50% in 1987. @entity1478 in nulliparous @entity1 (25% of the group) presented a third of recurrent ectopics. The anatomopathological examination of the tissues emphasizes how common @entity281 of the tubes are (25%) and @entity9414 isthmica nodosa (31% of cases). If sexually transmitted diseases can be prevented the incidence of @entity5849 will drop. We have tried since 1986 to be conservative in our surgery hoping that a secondary plastic operation will improve the fertility of these young @entity1 . Mortality was high (13.75/1,000 ectopics). The principal factor responsible for this high figure is the absence of blood transfusion banks which delayed resuscitation and exposed the @entity1 to the risk of @entity3459 when surgery is practised on these @entity1 who are still shocked.

title: [ XXXX . Study of 509 cases surgically treated at the University Hospital Center of Libreville].

entities_list: @entity3459 :: ('MESH:D025861', 'Disease') :: ['coagulation defects']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['acute or chronic infections']

entities_list: @entity1478 :: ('MESH:D014591', 'Disease') :: ['Extra-uterine pregnancy']

entities_list: @entity9414 :: ('MESH:D012488', 'Disease') :: ['salpingitis']

entities_list: @entity5849 :: ('MESH:D011271', 'Disease') :: ['ectopic pregnancies']

answer: @entity1478 :: (MESH:D014591,Disease) :: ['Extra-uterine pregnancy']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of @entity417 in @entity1 with @entity14454 , @entity311 and concurrent infections by the two diseases. METHODS: Urine and blood samples were collected from 387 @entity1 (216 males and 171 females) to examine @entity14454 and @entity311 and to determine hemoglobin concentration at Hassoba and Hassoba Buri village in Amibara woreda, @entity15662 region, Ethiopia. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of @entity14454 and @entity3964 @entity311 was 24.54% and 6.20% respectively. Only 2.84% of @entity1 carried concurrent @entity281 . There was high percentage of anemic @entity1 (81.81%) in the coinfected cases than in either @entity311 (33.3%) or @entity2040 (38.94%) cases. There was significantly low mean hemoglobin concentration in concurrently infected @entity1 than non-infected and single infected (P<0.05). The mean hemoglobin concentration between @entity3964 and @entity4114 infected @entity1 showed no significant difference (P>0.05). The level of hemoglobin was negatively correlated with the number of @entity4114 eggs/10 mL urine (r=-0.6) and @entity5895 (r=-0.53). CONCLUSIONS: The study showed that @entity417 is higher in concurrently infected @entity1 than non-infected and single infected. Furthermore, level of hemoglobin was negatively correlated with the number of @entity4114 eggs and @entity311 parsitemia. Therefore, examination of hemoglobin status in @entity1 co-infected with @entity311 and @entity2040 is important to reduce the risk of @entity417 and to improve health of the community.

title: @entity14454 and XXXX associated @entity417 in Ethiopia.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity14454 :: ('MESH:D012553', 'Disease') :: ['urinary schistosomiasis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections of both parasites']

entities_list: @entity4114 :: ('6185', 'Species') :: ['S. haematobium']

entities_list: @entity2040 :: ('MESH:D012552', 'Disease') :: ['schistosomiasis']

entities_list: @entity3964 :: ('5833', 'Species') :: ['Plasmodium falciparum']

entities_list: @entity5895 :: ('MESH:D018512', 'Disease') :: ['malaria parasitemia']

answer: @entity311 :: (MESH:D008288,Disease) :: ['malaria']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Assess the incidence and determinants of hospitalization for deliberate self-harm and @entity146 , and suicide after bariatric surgery. BACKGROUND: Limited recent literature suggests an increase in deliberate self-harm following bariatric surgery. METHODS: A state-wide, population-based, self-matched, longitudinal cohort study over a 5-year period between 2007 and 2011. Utilizing the Western Australian Department of Health Data Linkage Unit records, all @entity1 undergoing bariatric surgery (n = 12062) in Western Australia were followed for an average 30.4 months preoperatively and 40.6 months postoperatively. RESULTS: There were 110 @entity1 (0.9%) hospitalized for deliberate self-harm, which was higher than the general population [incidence rate ratio (IRR) 1.47, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.11-1.94, P = 0.005]. Compared with before surgery, there was no significant increase in deliberate self-harm hospitalizations (IRR 0.79, 95% CI 0.54-1.16; P = 0.206) and a reduction in overall @entity1032 related hospitalizations (IRR 0.76, 95% CI 0.63-0.91; P = 0.002) after surgery. Younger age, no private-health insurance cover, a history of hospitalizations due to @entity308 before surgery, and @entity344 after surgery were predictors for deliberate self-harm hospitalizations after bariatric surgery. Three suicides occurred during the follow-up period, a rate comparable to the general population during the same time period (IRR 0.61, 95% CI 0.11-2.27, P = 0.444). CONCLUSIONS: Hospitalization for deliberate self-harm in bariatric @entity1 was more common than the general population, but an increased incidence of deliberate self-harm after bariatric surgery was not observed. Hospitalization for @entity308 before surgery and major postoperative @entity344 after bariatric surgery are potentially modifiable risk factors for deliberate self-harm after bariatric surgery.

title: Incidence and Risk Factors for Deliberate Self-harm, XXXX , and Suicide Following Bariatric Surgery: A State-wide Population-based Linked-data Cohort Study.

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['mental illness']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['mental health disorders']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal complications']

answer: @entity1032 :: (MESH:D008607,Disease) :: ['Mental Illness']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Treatment of major @entity308 typically entails implementing treatments in a stepwise fashion until a satisfactory outcome is achieved. This study sought to identify factors that affect @entity1 ' willingness to accept different second-step treatment approaches. METHOD: @entity1 in the Sequenced Treatment Alternatives to Relieve @entity308 ( @entity624 *D) trial who had unsatisfactory outcomes after initial treatment with @entity837 were eligible for a randomized second-step treatment trial. An equipoise-stratified design allowed @entity1 to exclude or include specific treatment strategies. Analyses were conducted to identify factors associated with the acceptability of the following second-step treatments: cognitive therapy versus no cognitive therapy, any switch strategy versus any augmentation strategy (including cognitive therapy), and a medication switch strategy only versus a medication augmentation strategy only. RESULTS: Of the 1,439 @entity1 who entered second-step treatment, 1% accepted all treatment strategies, 3% accepted only cognitive therapy, and 26% accepted cognitive therapy (thus, 71% did not accept cognitive therapy). Those with higher educational levels or a family history of a @entity1316 were more likely to accept cognitive therapy. @entity1 in primary care settings and those who experienced a greater side effect burden or a lower reduction in symptom severity with @entity837 were more likely to accept a switch strategy as compared with an augmentation strategy. Those with concurrent @entity734 and recurrent major @entity308 were less likely to accept a switch strategy. CONCLUSIONS: Few @entity1 accepted all treatments. Acceptance of cognitive therapy was primarily associated with sociodemographic characteristics, while acceptance of a treatment switch was associated with the results of the initial treatment.

title: Acceptability of second-step treatments to XXXX outpatients: a @entity624 *D report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression', 'depressive disorder']

entities_list: @entity837 :: ('MESH:D015283', 'Chemical') :: ['citalopram']

entities_list: @entity1316 :: ('MESH:D019964', 'Disease') :: ['mood disorder']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['drug abuse']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['depressed']


abstract: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) are histologically subclassified into @entity4303 ( @entity4303 ), @entity4303 ( @entity4303 ), @entity152 ( @entity152 ), and @entity4153 ( @entity4153 ). The criteria for subclassification in cytological specimens are not well defined. In this study, we reviewed histologically confirmed 18 @entity4303 , 8 @entity4303 , 10 @entity152 , and 10 @entity4153 cytologic specimens from 45 @entity1 . The following features were reviewed: small clusters, geographic sheets, trabecular structures, pseudo-rosettes, single cells, doublets, triplets or short cords, papillary-like structures, @entity2478 , @entity39 , smear background, cell size, cell pleomorphism, amount of cytoplasm, plasmacytoid cells, spindle cells, nuclear atypia, molding, palisading and smearing, chromatin textures, nucleoli, and mitotic figure count. Based on our results, geographic clusters and @entity39 were often seen in @entity152 and @entity4153 ; while @entity4303 only showed scattered single cell @entity39 . @entity4303 and @entity4303 commonly exhibited trabecular structures. Papillary-like structures and capillary vasculature were only present in @entity4303 , @entity4303 , and @entity152 . Cells forming doublets, triplets, and short cords were more commonly seen in @entity4153 and rarely seen in other entities. Plasmacytoid and spindle cells were only seen in @entity4303 and @entity4303 . Nuclear smearing was not identified in @entity4303 , rare in @entity4303 , focally present in @entity152 and obvious in @entity4153 . Mitotic figures were nearly absent in @entity4303 ,  <=5/10 HPF in @entity1129 , and >= 10/10 HPF in @entity4153 . @entity152 showed a wide span of mitotic count ranging between 2 and 16/10 HPF. In this study, we propose a set of cytological features that are essential for subclassification of PNETs in cytologic specimens.

title: XXXX : an entity in search of cytologic criteria.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4153 :: ('MESH:D018288', 'Disease') :: ['small cell carcinoma', 'SCLC']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity2478 :: ('MESH:D019559', 'Disease') :: ['capillary vasculatures']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['PNET', 'Pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors']

entities_list: @entity152 :: ('MESH:D018287', 'Disease') :: ['LCNEC', 'large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity4303 :: ('MESH:D002276', 'Disease') :: ['atypical carcinoid', 'typical carcinoid', 'AC', 'TC']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['Pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Incidence and complications of @entity10189 ( @entity10189 ) have declined, but mortality from peptic @entity1066 has remained unchanged. The few recent studies on mortality associated with both uncomplicated and complicated @entity1 with @entity10189 provide contradictory results. AIMS: To evaluate short- and long-term mortality, and the main causes of death in @entity10189 . METHODS: In this retrospective epidemiologic cohort study, register data on 8146 adult @entity1 hospitalised with @entity10189 during 2000-2008 were collected in the capital region of Finland. All were followed in the National Cause of Death Register until the end of 2009. The data were linked with the nationwide Drug Purchase Register of the Finnish Social Insurance Institution. RESULTS: Mean follow-up time was 4.9 years. Overall mortality was substantially increased, standardised mortality ratio 2.53 (95% CI: 2.44-2.63); 3.7% died within 30 days, and 11.8% within 1 year. At 6 months, the survival of @entity1 with perforated or bleeding @entity1066 was lower compared to those with uncomplicated @entity1066 ; hazard ratios were 2.06 (1.68-2.04) and 1.32 (1.11-1.58), respectively. For perforated duodenal ulcers, both the short- and long-term survival was significantly impaired in @entity1 . The main causes of mortality at 1 year were @entity5 and @entity65 . Previous use of statins was associated with significant reduction in all-cause mortality. CONCLUSIONS: One-year mortality in @entity1 hospitalised with @entity10189 remained high with no change. This @entity10189 cohort had a clearly decreased survival rate up to 10 years, especially among @entity1 with a perforated duodenal @entity1066 , most likely explained by poorer survival due to underlying comorbidity.

title: Increased short- and long-term mortality in 8146 hospitalised peptic XXXX @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity10189 :: ('MESH:D010437', 'Disease') :: ['peptic ulcer disease', 'PUD']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancies']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulcer', 'ulcer bleeding']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular diseases']

answer: @entity1066 :: (MESH:D014456,Disease) :: ['ulcer']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity886 ( @entity886 ) is a complex disorder that goes beyond valve itself, also undermining aortic wall. We aimed to assess the ascending aortic mechanics with two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (2DSTE) in @entity1 with @entity337 ( @entity337 ) and hypothesized a relationship with degree of @entity337 . Aortic mechanics were then compared with those of similarly studied healthy controls and @entity1 with @entity472 ( @entity472 ); finally, we aimed to assess the prognostic significance of vascular mechanics in @entity886 . METHODS: Overall, 73 @entity1 with moderate-to-severe @entity337 and 22 healthy subjects were enrolled, alongside a previously examined cohort (N = 45) with moderate-to-severe @entity472 . Global circumferential ascending aortic strain (CAAS) and strain rate (CAASR) served as indices of aortic deformation; corrected CAAS was calculated as CAAS/pulse pressure (PP). Median clinical follow-up was 438 days. RESULTS: In @entity1 with severe (vs. moderate) @entity337 , CAASR (1.53    0.29/sec vs. 1.90    0.62/sec, P < 0.05) and corrected CAAS (0.14    0.06%/mmHg vs. 0.19    0.08%/mmHg, P < 0.05) were significantly lower, whereas CAAS did not differ significantly. Measurers of aortic mechanics (CAAS, corrected CAAS, CAASR) differed significantly (all P < 0.01) in @entity1 with @entity472 and @entity337 and in healthy subjects, with lower values seen in @entity1 with @entity472 . In follow-up, survival rate of @entity886 @entity1 with baseline CAASR >0.88/sec was significantly higher (log rank, 97.4% vs. 73.0%; P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: Quantitative measures of aortic mechanics were lower for @entity472 @entity1 , suggesting a more significant derangement of aortic elastic properties. In the context of @entity886 , vascular mechanics assessment proved useful in gauging clinical prognosis.

title: XXXX and Vascular Mechanics: Two-Dimensional Speckle Tracking Echocardiographic Analysis.

entities_list: @entity472 :: ('MESH:D001024', 'Disease') :: ['AS', 'aortic stenosis']

entities_list: @entity886 :: ('MESH:C563178', 'Disease') :: ['Degenerative aortic valve disease', 'AVD']

entities_list: @entity337 :: ('MESH:D001022', 'Disease') :: ['AR', 'aortic regurgitation']

answer: @entity886 :: (MESH:C563178,Disease) :: ['Aortic Valve Disease']


abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate local opioid effects in the inflamed skin of healthy @entity1 volunteers. To induce @entity32 , the circular tip of a 10-mm-diameter probe was heated to 48 degrees C and applied for 120 seconds to a site on each forearm of 24 healthy @entity1 . Thirty minutes later, 0.2 mL of normal saline was injected subcutaneously into 1 inflamed site, and the opioid antagonist @entity1510 (80 microg in 0.2 mL) was injected subcutaneously into the other inflamed site. @entity1 completed tests of @entity158 sensitivity ( @entity158 thresholds, @entity158 ratings, and mechanical @entity158 ratings) before and after the injections. @entity3575 (10 microg in 0.2 mL) was then injected into the pretreated sites, and @entity158 sensitivity was measured again. The thermal injuries produced thermal and mechanical @entity1931 that did not differ between the saline and @entity1510 sites. After the @entity3575 injections, decreases in thermal and mechanical @entity1931 were greater at the saline site than the @entity1510 site. These findings demonstrate that pretreatment with @entity1510 blocks local opioid effects produced by the subcutaneous injection of a low dose of @entity3575 in the inflamed skin of healthy @entity1 . Thus, peripheral opioid receptors could be a therapeutic target for painful @entity74 . PERSPECTIVE: This article demonstrates that activation of opioid receptors in the skin inhibits sensitivity to painful mechanical and thermal stimuli. Thus, local application of low-dose opioid medications could relieve @entity2531 .

title: XXXX antagonizes the local antihyperalgesic effect of @entity3575 in burnt skin of healthy @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'humans', 'human', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1931 :: ('MESH:D006930', 'Disease') :: ['hyperalgesia']

entities_list: @entity1510 :: ('MESH:D009270', 'Chemical') :: ['naloxone', 'naloxone hydrochloride']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['cutaneous disorders']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'heat pain']

entities_list: @entity2531 :: ('MESH:D013001', 'Disease') :: ['painful skin disorders']

entities_list: @entity3575 :: ('MESH:D005283', 'Chemical') :: ['Fentanyl citrate', 'fentanyl']

answer: @entity1510 :: (MESH:D009270,Chemical) :: ['Naloxone']


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: Identification of @entity29 ( @entity29 ) susceptibility genes is key to understanding pathogenic mechanisms. Recently, the North American @entity29 Genetics Consortium provided compelling evidence for an association between ileal @entity30 ( @entity30 ) and the @entity14283 gene using genome-wide association scanning. External replication is a priority, both to confirm this finding in other populations and to validate this new technique. We tested for association between @entity14283 and @entity29 in a large independent UK panel to determine the size of the effect and explore subphenotype correlation and interaction with @entity6820 . METHODS: Eight single nucleotide polymorphism markers in @entity14283 tested in the North American study were genotyped in 1902 cases of @entity30 ( @entity30 ), 975 cases of @entity31 ( @entity31 ), and 1345 controls using MassARRAY. Data were analyzed using chi(2) statistics, and subgroup association was sought. RESULTS: A highly significant association with @entity30 was observed, with the strongest signal at coding variant @entity37872 (allele frequency, 2.5% in @entity30 vs 6.2% in controls [P = 1.1 x 10(-12)]; odds ratio, 0.38; 95% confidence interval, 0.29-0.50). A weaker effect was seen in @entity31 (allele frequency, 4.6%; odds ratio, 0.73; 95% confidence interval, 0.55-0.96). Analysis accounting for @entity37872 suggested that other loci within @entity14283 also influence @entity29 susceptibility. Within @entity30 , there were no subphenotype associations or evidence of interaction with @entity6820 . CONCLUSIONS: This study shows an association between @entity14283 and all subphenotypes of @entity30 with a smaller effect on @entity31 . This extends the findings of the North American study, providing clear evidence that genome-wide association scanning can successfully identify true complex disease genes.

title: XXXX variation determines susceptibility but not disease phenotype in @entity29 .

entities_list: @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative colitis', 'UC']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel disease', 'IBD']

entities_list: @entity37872 :: ('p|SUB|R|381|Q', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['Arg381Gln']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ['CD', "Crohn's disease"]

answer: @entity14283 :: (149233,Gene) :: ['IL23R']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) poses diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. We analyzed clinical cases with confirmed @entity8052 . DESIGN: Retrospective case series. SETTING: Multicenter study. POPULATION: Pregnant @entity1 with @entity3 . METHODS: Chart review. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Prenatal detection rates, treatment choices, morbidity, mortality and short-term outcome. RESULTS: Sixty-six cases were analyzed. All @entity1 and all but three fetuses survived; 57/64 @entity1 (89%) had previous uterine surgery. In 26 @entity1 (39%) the diagnosis was not known before delivery (Group 1), in the remaining 40 (61%) diagnosis had been made between 14 and 37 weeks of gestation (Group 2). Placenta previa was present in 36 @entity1 (54%). In Groups 1 and 2, 50% (13/26) and 62% (25/40) of the @entity1 required hysterectomy, respectively. In Group 1 (unknown at the time of delivery) 69% (9/13) required (emergency) hysterectomy for severe @entity548 in the immediate peripartum period compared with only 12% (3/25) in Group 2 (p = 0.0004). Mass transfusions were more frequently required in Group 1 (46%, 12/26 vs. 20%, 8/40; p = 0.025). In 18/40 @entity1 (45%) from Group 2 the placenta was intentionally left in situ; secondary hysterectomies and @entity281 were equally frequent (18%) among these differently treated @entity1 . Overall, postpartum @entity281 occurred in 11% and 20% of @entity1 in Groups 1 and 2, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3 was known before delivery in more than half of the cases. Unknown @entity3 led to significantly more emergency hysterectomies and mass transfusions during or immediately after delivery. Prenatal diagnosis of @entity3 reduces morbidity. Future studies should also address the selection criteria for cases appropriate for leaving the placenta in situ.

title: Prenatal diagnosis of abnormally invasive placenta reduces maternal peripartum XXXX and morbidity.

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity8052 :: ('MESH:D010921', 'Disease') :: ['placenta increta or percreta']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['Abnormally invasive placenta', 'AIP']

answer: @entity548 :: (MESH:D006470,Disease) :: ['hemorrhage']


abstract: @entity2171 ( @entity2171 ) is characterized by the presence of fluid in the middle ear without signs or symptoms of @entity697 and by persistent changes in the @entity2172 . These are mainly induced by gram-negative @entity2348 of the eustachian tube (ET). Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) contain lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in their outer membrane that is responsible for inflammatory reactions in the middle ear. In this study we investigated the therapeutic effect of a recombinant LPS-binding protein, bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (rBPI21), on the repair of @entity16 in @entity35 with experimentally induced @entity2171 . @entity2171 was induced by obstruction of the eustachian tube in combination with LPS injection. Twelve weeks after @entity2171 induction, secretory cells in the tympanic orifice of the middle ear were increased from an average of 14 +/- 2 to 31 +/- 5, ciliated cells were decreased from 24 +/- 4 to 6 +/- 4, and the number of macrophages in the subepithelial layer increased from 13 +/- 4 to 27 +/- 3. A single dose of rBPI21 was administered directly into the middle ear cavity 2 weeks after the induction of @entity2171 . Histologic examination of the @entity2172 at 4 and 12 weeks after @entity2171 induction showed that mucosal changes were restored by rBPI21 treatment. These results demonstrate that the @entity2172 recovers from inflammatory changes associated with @entity2171 after treatment with rBPI21. This suggests that rBPI21 may be useful in the treatment of @entity2171 of the respiratory tract.

title: Efficacy of bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein in experimental otitis media with effusion in XXXX : a new therapy for mucosal infections.

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute infection']

entities_list: @entity2172 :: ('MESH:D010033', 'Disease') :: ['middle ear mucosa']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['mucosal damage']

entities_list: @entity2348 :: ('MESH:D001424', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial infection and dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity2171 :: ('MESH:D010034', 'Disease') :: ['OME and of mucosal infections', 'Otitis media with effusion', 'OME']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: Purpose To determine the incidence with which morphologic articular cartilage defects develop over 48 months in cartilage with @entity854 at baseline magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in comparison with the incidence in articular cartilage without @entity854 at baseline. Materials and Methods The institutional review boards of all participating centers approved this HIPAA-compliant study. Right knees of 90 subjects from the @entity571 Initiative (mean age, 55 years    8 [standard deviation]; 51% women) with @entity1844 but without morphologic cartilage defects at 3.0-T MR imaging and without @entity571 (Kellgren-Lawrence score, 0-1) were frequency matched for age, sex, Kellgren-Lawrence score, and body mass index with right knees in 90 subjects without any signal @entity154 in the articular cartilage (mean age, 54 years    5; 51% women). Individual @entity854 (n = 126) on intermediate-weighted fast spin-echo MR images were categorized into four subgrades: subgrade A, hypointense; subgrade B, inhomogeneous; subgrade C, hyperintense; and subgrade D, hyperintense with swelling. The development of morphologic articular cartilage defects (Whole-Organ MR Imaging Score >= 2) at 48 months was analyzed on a compartment level and was compared between groups by using generalized estimating equation logistic regression models. Results Cartilage @entity854 were more frequent in the patellofemoral joint than in the tibiofemoral joint (59.5% vs 39.5%). Subgrade A was seen more frequently than were subgrades C and D (36% vs 22%). Incidence of morphologic cartilage defects at 48 months was 57% in cartilage with baseline @entity854 , while only 4% of compartments without baseline @entity854 developed morphologic defects at 48 months (all compartments combined and each compartment separately, P < .01). The development of morphologic defects was not significantly more likely in any of the subgrades (P = .98) and was significantly associated with progression of @entity236 (P = .002). Conclusion Knee @entity1844 detected with MR imaging are precursors of morphologic defects with @entity571 and may serve as imaging biomarkers with which to assess risk for @entity528 . (  ) RSNA, 2016.

title: Can Signal Abnormalities Detected with MR Imaging in Knee Articular Cartilage Be Used to Predict Development of Morphologic Cartilage Defects? 48-Month Data from the XXXX Initiative.

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['abnormalities or morphologic defects']

entities_list: @entity1844 :: ('MESH:D002357', 'Disease') :: ['cartilage signal abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['radiographic osteoarthritis', 'osteoarthritis', 'Osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['signal abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity236 :: ('MESH:D001855', 'Disease') :: ['bone marrow abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['cartilage degeneration']

answer: @entity571 :: (MESH:D010003,Disease) :: ['Osteoarthritis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Selective @entity750 reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are widely used medications to treat several @entity146 and, above all, @entity308 . They seem to be as effective as older antidepressants but have a different adverse effect profile. Despite their favorable safety profile, little is known about their influence on traffic safety. OBJECTIVE: To conduct a literature review to summarize the current evidence on the role of SSRIs in traffic safety, particularly concerning undesirable effects that could potentially impair fitness to drive, experimental and pharmacoepidemiologic studies on driving impairment, 2 existing categorization systems for driving-impairing medications, and the European legislative procedures for assessing fitness to drive before issuing a driver's license and driving under the influence of medicines. METHODS: The article search was performed in the following electronic databases: MEDLINE, PsycINFO, ScienceDirect, and SafetyLit. The English-language scientific literature was searched using key words such as SSRIs and psychomotor performance, car crash or traffic accident, and adverse effects. For inclusion in this review, papers had to be full-text articles, refer to possible driving-related adverse effects, and be experimental or pharmacoepidemiologic studies on SSRIs and traffic accident risks. No restrictions concerning publication year were applied. RESULTS: Ten articles were selected as background information on driving-related adverse effects, and 15 articles were selected regarding experimental and pharmacoepidemiologic work. Regarding SSRI adverse effects, the most reported undesirable effects referring to driving impairment were @entity148 , @entity2146 , @entity25 , @entity10 , increased risk of suicidal behavior, and deliberate self-harm. Regarding the remaining issues addressed in this article, inconsistencies were found between the outcomes of the selected experimental and epidemiologic studies and between the 2 existing categorization systems under evaluation. Some pitfalls of the current legislative scenario were identified as well. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the current evidence, it was concluded that more experimental and epidemiologic research is needed to elucidate the relationship between SSRI use and traffic safety. Furthermore, a revision of the existing categorization systems and harmonized European legislation in the field of medication use and driving were highly recommended.

title: Are selective XXXX reuptake inhibitors safe for drivers? What is the evidence?

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric diseases']

entities_list: @entity2146 :: ('MESH:D011595', 'Disease') :: ['agitation']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['serotonin']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['sleep disturbances']

answer: @entity750 :: (MESH:D012701,Chemical) :: ['serotonin']


abstract: The lesser digits are frequent sites of @entity2790 and @entity1066 in the @entity6 foot. We sought to determine whether debridement of callus and the wearing of a custom molded digital orthosis could significantly reduce @entity551 . Fourteen @entity1 with distal digital callus were studied. For each @entity1 , the toe with the highest plantar pressure was selected. A computerized pressure mat was used to record the plantar pressure before and after debridement with and without a moldable @entity1346 digital orthosis. Mean peak plantar digital pressures before treatment were 2.80+/-0.7 kg/cm2 for the entire group. The digital orthosis alone @entity551 to a mean of 1.95+/-0.65 kg/cm2 p < 0.05. Treatment by debridement similarly reduced pressure to 1.99+/-0.76 kg/cm2 p < 0.05. The most effective reduction of pressure for all @entity1 , as well as the most statistically significant, occurred when both treatments were given, with mean peak plantar pressure falling to 1.28+/-0.61 kg/cm2 p < 0.01. Debridement and custom molded digital orthoses alleviate distal @entity551 . Since @entity2790 increases the risk of neuropathic @entity1066 , these treatments should be considered in the prophylactic care of appropriate @entity1 .

title: Reduction of XXXX by debridement and @entity1346 orthosis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulceration']

entities_list: @entity2790 :: ('MESH:D009798', 'Disease') :: ['elevated plantar pressure']

entities_list: @entity1346 :: ('MESH:D012828', 'Chemical') :: ['silicone']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['digital plantar pressure', 'reduced plantar pressure']

answer: @entity551 :: (MESH:D007022,Disease) :: ['digital plantar pressure']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe the first @entity1 with a @entity5 secreting @entity750 , @entity2690 , and glucagon and having the corresponding clinical syndromes. METHODS: We present a detailed case report, including serial laboratory and clinical findings, in a @entity1 with type 2 @entity6 , symptomatic @entity4053 , and the @entity4303 and in whom a plurihormonal metastatic @entity5 was ultimately diagnosed. RESULTS: In a 58-year-old @entity1 with type 2 @entity6 , which was treated effectively with a @entity4136 for 7 years, episodes of @entity4053 developed. After discontinuation of the orally administered agent, the hypoglycemic episodes initially resolved but then recurred and were associated with inappropriately increased plasma @entity2690 concentrations. In addition, the @entity1 had symptoms and biochemical evidence of the @entity4303 . Computed tomography of the abdomen showed @entity75 in the liver, and ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration of a liver mass was performed. Undifferentiated @entity5 with hepatic metastatic involvement was diagnosed. After a hepatic artery embolization procedure, the @entity4053 was alleviated, but @entity4854 soon recurred, associated with inappropriately increased serum glucagon concentrations. The @entity1 's course strongly suggested the presence of a @entity5 secreting @entity750 , @entity2690 , and glucagon. CONCLUSION: To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of a @entity1 with a @entity5 secreting @entity750 , glucagon, and @entity2690 , manifested by the @entity4303 , @entity4854 , and @entity4053 .

title: Sequential @entity4053 , XXXX , and the @entity4303 arising from @entity5 .

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neuroendocrine neoplasm', 'neuroendocrine tumor', 'plurihormonal tumor']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['multiple hypodense lesions']

entities_list: @entity4053 :: ('MESH:D007003', 'Disease') :: ['hypoglycemia']

entities_list: @entity4303 :: ('MESH:D002276', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoid syndrome']

entities_list: @entity4136 :: ('CHEBI:26831', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfonylurea']

entities_list: @entity4854 :: ('MESH:D006943', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemia']

answer: @entity4854 :: (MESH:D006943,Disease) :: ['hyperglycemia']


abstract: AIMS: Glucocorticoids, such as @entity619 , enhance hepatic energy metabolism and gluconeogenesis partly through changes in mitochondrial function. Mitochondrial function is influenced by the balance between mitochondrial fusion and fission events. However, whether glucocorticoids modulate mitochondrial function through the regulation of mitochondrial dynamics is currently unknown. RESULTS: Here, we report that the effects of @entity619 on mitochondrial function and gluconeogenesis in @entity157 cells are dependent on the mitochondrial fission protein @entity31789 ( @entity31789 ). @entity619 increased routine @entity26 consumption, maximal respiratory capacity, @entity224 anion, proton leak, and gluconeogenesis in @entity157 cells. Under these conditions, @entity619 altered mitochondrial morphology, which was paralleled by a large increase in @entity31789 expression, and reduced @entity43324 ( @entity43324 ) and @entity38210 . In vivo @entity619 treatment also enhanced @entity31789 expression in @entity19 liver. On the basis of these observations, we analyzed the dependence on the @entity31789 function of @entity619 effects on mitochondrial respiration and gluconeogenesis. We show that the increase in mitochondrial respiration and gluconeogenesis induced by @entity619 are hampered by the inhibition of @entity31789 function. INNOVATION: Our findings provide the first evidence that the effects of glucocorticoids on hepatic metabolism require the mitochondrial fission protein @entity31789 . CONCLUSION: In summary, we demonstrate that the mitochondrial effects of @entity619 both on mitochondrial respiration and on the gluconeogenic pathway depend on @entity31789 .

title: Glucocorticoid modulation of mitochondrial function in XXXX cells requires the mitochondrial fission protein @entity31789 .

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['Dexamethasone', 'dexamethasone']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['hepatoma']

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide']

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['hepatoma']


abstract: @entity2185 combined @entity3563 can cause multisystemic damages, mainly involving central nervous system, while the peripheral nerves are rarely impaired. A 10-year-old @entity1 complained of @entity425 of both lower extremities for 1 month. His past history showed mildly delay of intelligence as well as motor development. He had @entity644 when he was 3 years old and was diagnosed as @entity302 , which was controlled by @entity1092 when he was 8 years 6 months old. His physical examination showed attenuated bilateral knee jerk reflex, while the bilateral achilles tendon reflex was absent; the examination of sensation was normal and the bilateral Babinski sign was positive. The electromyography indicated @entity1897 . The elevated levels of urine @entity2185 and @entity3563 were consistent with the diagnosis of @entity2185 combined @entity3563 . The pathogenic gene was confirmed as @entity42124 , on which two pathogenic mutations ( @entity42125 and @entity42126 ) were detected. @entity2192 defect was confirmed. He was treated by @entity2186 , @entity460 folinate, @entity6211 and betaine supplementation, and significant improvement was observed after 6 months. According to this case, we suggest that urinary @entity4918 analysis and plasma @entity1255 should be performed in @entity1 with unknown @entity1897 , especially combined with multisystemic damages.Early diagnosis and treatment are important to improve the prognosis.

title: [ @entity1897 in a @entity1 with XXXX combined with hyperhomocysteinemia].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'boy']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity6211 :: ('MESH:D002331', 'Chemical') :: ['L-carnitine']

entities_list: @entity1255 :: ('MESH:D006710', 'Chemical') :: ['homocysteine']

entities_list: @entity1092 :: ('MESH:D014635', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium valproate']

entities_list: @entity2185 :: ('MESH:C537358', 'Disease') :: ['Methylmalonic aciduria', 'methylmalonic aciduria']

entities_list: @entity4918 :: ('CHEBI:64709', 'Chemical') :: ['organic acid']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['weakness']

entities_list: @entity3563 :: ('MESH:C566403', 'Disease') :: ['plasma homocysteinemia', 'homocysteinemia']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral neuropathy', 'injury of peripheral nerves']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

answer: @entity2185 :: (MESH:C537358,Disease) :: ['methylmalonic aciduria']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Identifying factors associated with the clinical outcomes of the @entity4713 would be helpful for treating @entity1 with an @entity75 of the talus. PURPOSE: To investigate the clinical and second-look arthroscopic results of the @entity4713 and to identify the prognostic factors associated with this procedure. STUDY DESIGN: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. METHODS: The authors retrospectively evaluated 52 ankles that underwent osteochondral autograft transfer for a medial @entity75 of the talus. Second-look arthroscopies were performed at a mean of 13.1 months postoperatively. Clinical outcomes were evaluated according to a visual analog scale (VAS) for @entity158 , American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score, and the Tegner activity scale. Statistical analyses were performed to identify various prognostic factors associated with the clinical outcomes. RESULTS: The mean VAS, AOFAS, and Tegner activity scale scores were all significantly improved from 6.9    0.9 to 3.3    1.4 (VAS), from 67.4    4.9 to 82.6    7.8 (AOFAS), and from 3.0    0.8 to 3.9    0.9 (Tegner; P < .05). Regarding overall @entity1 satisfaction with the operation, 49 (95%) @entity1 reported good to excellent results. Prognostic factors including the @entity1 's age, sex, body mass index, duration of symptoms, defect size and depth, location of @entity75 of the talus, and the existence of a @entity2001 did not significantly influence clinical outcomes (P > .05), except for body mass index on the Tegner activity scale score (P = .021). Significant differences were observed among clinical outcomes for second-look arthroscopy according to the presence of soft tissue impingement and uncovered areas around the graft (P < .05). The VAS and AOFAS score at the last follow-up were significantly worse when the articular surface of the tibial plafond at the @entity3337 was uneven (P = .031 and .012, respectively). CONCLUSION: This study showed that the articular surface of the tibial plafond at the @entity8650 , and uncovered areas around the graft were important factors affecting the clinical outcomes, as observed through second-look arthroscopy. Therefore, surgeons should restore the articular surface accurately after the osteotomy, and more caution should be taken to avoid soft tissue impingement and uncovered areas around the graft when performing osteochondral autograft transfer.

title: Factors associated with the clinical outcomes of the XXXX of the talus: second-look arthroscopic evaluation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4713 :: ('MESH:D010007', 'Disease') :: ['osteochondral autograft transfer system']

entities_list: @entity8650 :: ('MESH:D012983', 'Disease') :: ['malleolar osteotomy site, soft tissue impingement']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['osteochondral lesion']

entities_list: @entity2001 :: ('MESH:D001845', 'Disease') :: ['subchondral cyst']

entities_list: @entity3337 :: ('MESH:D009371', 'Disease') :: ['malleolar osteotomy site']

answer: @entity4713 :: (MESH:D010007,Disease) :: ['osteochondral autograft transfer system in osteochondral lesions']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to show the influence of the upstream parent artery geometry on intraaneurysmal hemodynamics of @entity438 . METHODS: @entity1 -specific models of 4 @entity438 (1 posterior communicating artery [PcomA], 2 middle cerebral artery [MCA], and 1 anterior communicating artery [AcomA]) were constructed from 3D rotational angiography images. Two geometric models were constructed for each @entity439 . One model had the native parent vessel geometry; the second model was truncated approximately 1 cm upstream from the @entity439 , and the parent artery replaced with a straight cylinder. Corresponding finite element grids were generated and computational fluid dynamics simulations were carried out under pulsatile flow conditions. The intra-aneurysmal flow patterns and @entity1642 ( @entity1642 ) distributions were visualized and compared. RESULTS: Models using the truncated parent vessel underestimated the @entity1642 in the @entity439 in all cases and shifted the impaction zone to the neck compared with the native geometry. These effects were more pronounced in the PcomA and AcomA @entity439 where upstream curvature was substantial. The @entity438 with a long M1 segment was the least effected. The more laminar flow pattern within the parent vessel in truncated models resulted in a less complex intra-aneurysmal flow patterns with fewer vortices and less velocity at the dome. CONCLUSIONS: Failure to properly model the inflow stream contributed by the upstream parent artery can significantly influence the results of intra-aneurysmal hemodynamic models. The upstream portion of the parent vessel of @entity438 should be included to accurately represent the intra-aneurysmal hemodynamics.

title: Computational fluid dynamics modeling of XXXX : effects of parent artery segmentation on intra-aneurysmal hemodynamics.

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms', 'aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity1642 :: ('MESH:D015775', 'Disease') :: ['WSS', 'wall shear stress']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['MCA aneurysm', 'cerebral aneurysms']

answer: @entity438 :: (MESH:D002532,Disease) :: ['intracranial aneurysms']


abstract: QUESTIONS UNDER STUDY: We assessed the long-term follow up of all the @entity1 with @entity631 diagnosed since 1992 at our centre of reference for renal pathology in Basel. METHODS: We performed a retrospective surveillance study with mail questionnaire based follow-up of all @entity1 with the diagnosis of @entity631 found in the database of the department of renal pathology in Basel from 1992 to 2007. The outcome was assessed in terms of @entity8 ( @entity8 ), @entity204 , reduction of @entity644 and improvement of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). RESULTS: We obtained sufficient follow up data from 16 out of 20 identified @entity1 . The mean follow up time was 35 months (1-115.1). Six @entity1 died (37.5%), three without having @entity8 . Six @entity1 (37.5%) reached @entity8 , five of them went on hemodialysis. Thirteen @entity1 (81.3%) received an immunosuppressive therapy with @entity230 , five of them in combination with @entity786 . The group without immunosuppressive therapy was too small to compare the two groups. In relation to the histological pattern @entity631 ( @entity631 ) had a better outcome as compared to the other histological patterns. CONCLUSIONS: FGN is a heterogeneous disease associated with significant risk of @entity8 and mortality. The histological type of the @entity631 may influence the course of the disease.

title: Outcome of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['endstage renal disease', 'ESRD']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity631 :: ('MESH:D005921', 'Disease') :: ['membranous glomerulonephritis', 'fibrillary glomerulonephritis', 'MGN', 'glomerulonephritis']

answer: @entity631 :: (MESH:D005921,Disease) :: ['fibrillary glomerulonephritis']


abstract: @entity1 with @entity8482 of the upper extremities can be helped a great deal by comparatively minor procedures. At the outset it is important to decide which @entity1 can be helped and which @entity1 cannot owing to the severity of disease or the social situation. It is also important, of course, to decide which @entity1 do not require surgical or other methods of treatment. Once these decisions are made, one can safely begin in most @entity1 with nonoperative measures, which consist of serial corrective cast applications starting at birth with changes every two to five days initially and then less often as the deformity is corrected. In @entity1 who do not respond to this treatment, surgical intervention is necessary. We feel that surgery will be necessary in a great many of these @entity1 . Surgery most often consists of soft tissue releases about the elbow, principally posterior capsulotomy, and triceps lengthening with or without tendon transfers to gain active motion. In the shoulder, surgery is rarely indicated, and when it is, this will be an osteotomy. In the wrist and hand, bone operations are almost always indicated because soft tissue procedures usually fail. These @entity1 have two advantages in spite of their severe problems: They have normal sensation and they are usually of average or above average intelligence. Any improvement in the position of their extremities and any @entity85 will improve their functioning significantly.

title: XXXX of the upper extremity.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity8482 :: ('MESH:D001176', 'Disease') :: ['arthrogryposis multiplex congenita']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['decrease in deformity']

answer: @entity8482 :: (MESH:D001176,Disease) :: ['Arthrogryposis']


abstract: The aim of this study was to assess changes between primary classification of esophageal motility disease and follow-up classification by high resolution manometry (HRM) and to determine whether previously classified diseases could be recategorized according to the updated Chicago Classification published in 2011. We reviewed individual medical records and HRM findings twice for each of 13 subjects. We analyzed primary and follow-up HRM findings based on the original Chicago Classification. We then reclassified the same HRM findings according to the updated Chicago Classification. This case series revealed the variable course of @entity4423 ; some @entity1 experienced improvement, whereas others experienced worsening symptoms. Four cases were reclassified from variant @entity1318 to peristaltic abnormality, one case from diffuse esophageal @entity2473 to @entity1318 and one case from peristaltic abnormality to variant @entity1318 . Four unclassified findings were recategorized as variant @entity1318 . In conclusion, @entity4423 are variable and may not be best conceptualized as an independent group. Original classifications can be recategorized according to the updated Chicago Classification system. More research is needed on this topic.

title: Reinterpretation of follow-up, high-resolution manometry for XXXX based on the updated chicago classification.

entities_list: @entity4423 :: ('MESH:D015154', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal motility disorders']

entities_list: @entity1318 :: ('MESH:D004931', 'Disease') :: ['achalasia', 'type II achalasia']

answer: @entity4423 :: (MESH:D015154,Disease) :: ['esophageal motility disorders']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Quantitative assessment of intestinal absorption of total and single @entity1522 in a hydrolysed bovine serum @entity2313 solution over a 6-h period. DESIGN: Ten healthy volunteers underwent segmental jejunal perfusion using a multi-lumen tube assembly with a proximal occluding balloon. Prehydrolysed bovine serum @entity2313 served as protein source. In one set of experiments we used a washout phase before the equilibration period to eliminate any contents present in the test segment. In another set we started directly with the equilibration period. Absorption rates of total and single @entity1522 were measured over a period of 6 h. RESULTS: Absorption rates remained constant throughout this period and there was no significant difference in absorption rates whether a washout phase was used or not. Absorption rates of total @entity1522 ranged from 6.4 +/- 1.9 (mean +/- SEM) to 10.7 +/- 0.7 g/h and 30 cm, when a washout phase was used. Percentage absorption of the perfusion load per hour was 24 +/- 7% to 40 +/- 2% with a washout phase. Although a highly concentrated perfusion load was used there was a correlation (r = 0.66, P < 0.05) between absolute concentration in the perfusion solution and the amount of individual @entity535 absorbed. Individual @entity1522 showed a wide range of percentage absorption. Percentage absorption of 50% or more of the perfusion load was seen for @entity493 , @entity815 , @entity369 , @entity368 , @entity1853 and @entity669 . The highest absorption rate was seen for @entity1853 with 86%, the lowest for @entity462 with 3%. CONCLUSION: When hydrolysed bovine serum @entity2313 is used, @entity535 absorption is constant over a period of 6 h in the @entity1 jejunum. A washout phase has no influence on total and single @entity535 absorption.

title: Absorption of hydrolysed bovine serum XXXX from the @entity1 jejunum over a 6-hour period.

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity462 :: ('MESH:D003545', 'Chemical') :: ['cysteine']

entities_list: @entity368 :: ('CHEBI:25017', 'Chemical') :: ['leucine']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity1853 :: ('MESH:D008715', 'Chemical') :: ['methionine']

entities_list: @entity815 :: ('CHEBI:28044', 'Chemical') :: ['phenylalanine']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

entities_list: @entity493 :: ('CHEBI:16449', 'Chemical') :: ['alanine']

entities_list: @entity369 :: ('CHEBI:29016', 'Chemical') :: ['arginine']

answer: @entity2313 :: (213,Gene) :: ['albumin']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Our purpose was to determine the molecular profile of advanced-stage transitional cell @entity189 in terms of immunostaining for @entity876 , @entity470 and @entity1722 , deoxyribonucleic acid index, and S-phase fraction and to analyze the prognostic significance of these markers. STUDY DESIGN: Archival paraffin-embedded tissue blocks from 29 @entity5 were obtained. Selected sections of the @entity5 were immunostained for @entity876 , @entity470 , and @entity1722 ; deoxyribonucleic acid ploidy and S-phase fraction were determined with use of flow cytometry. Clinical information was abstracted from the medical records. Survival times were analyzed according to the life-table methods of Kaplan and Meier, and the statistical significance of the various factors was tested with the log-rank test. The proportional hazards model of Cox was used to identify prognostic factors. RESULTS: Positive immunostaining was observed for @entity876 in 13 cases (45%), for @entity470 in 14 cases (50%), and for @entity1722 in 19 cases (65%). @entity5 were diploid in 16 cases (55%) and aneuploid in 13 (45%). The S-phase fraction was < or = 15% (mean) in 13 cases (45%) and > 15% in 16 cases (55%). The median survival for the entire group was 52 months. None of the above variables had a significant effect on survival time. CONCLUSION: Neither immunostaining for @entity876 , @entity470 , and @entity1722 nor deoxyribonucleic acid ploidy nor S-phase fraction allowed us to distinguish transitional cell @entity189 from other more @entity43 . In addition, no prognostic significance was associated with these biomarkers. A study of larger numbers of cases may be more elucidative.

title: Molecular profile of advanced-stage transitional cell XXXX .

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['common epithelial ovarian cancers']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Tumors', 'primary tumors', 'advanced stage transitional cell carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity470 :: ('1956', 'Gene') :: ['epidermal growth factor receptor']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['carcinoma of the ovary']


abstract: As for any @entity5 , @entity977 expansion is dependent on neovascularization through angiogenesis. In this process, @entity7 ( @entity7 ) and its receptors @entity6758 , @entity319 and @entity12867 ( @entity12867 ) may play an outstanding role. The intention of this work was to study the expression/localization and possible function of @entity7 receptors in @entity977 . @entity7 receptor mRNA and protein expression was studied by in situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR in 6 normal @entity1 pituitaries, 39 @entity1 @entity977 and 4 rodent @entity977 cell lines. @entity6758 expressing somatotroph MtT-S cells were used as a model to study the role of @entity7 on cell proliferation and to elucidate the underlying mechanism of action. In normal pituitaries, @entity6758 was detected in endocrine cells, whereas @entity319 and @entity12867 were exclusively expressed in endothelial cells. In @entity5 , a heterogeneous @entity319 expression pattern was observed by IHC. @entity6758 , @entity319 and @entity12867 were detected in 24, 18 and 17 @entity652 respectively. In the @entity652 , @entity6758 was expressed in @entity5 cells and @entity319 / @entity12867 in vessel endothelial cells. Functional studies in @entity6758 -positive MtT-S cells showed that the ligands of @entity6758 significantly stimulated cell proliferation. This effect was mediated through the @entity4357 -3-kinase-signalling pathway and involves induction of @entity4910 and @entity588 . Based on our results, we speculate that the ligands of @entity7 receptors, such as @entity7 and placenta growth factor, not only play a role in angiogenesis in @entity977 , but also affect the growth of @entity5 cells through @entity6758 .

title: Localization of @entity7 ( @entity7 ) receptors in normal and adenomatous pituitaries: detection of a non-endothelial function of XXXX in @entity5 .

entities_list: @entity7 :: ('7422', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor', 'VEGF', 'VEGF-A']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['epithelial tumour', 'pituitary tumours', 'solid tumour', 'pituitary tumour']

entities_list: @entity977 :: ('MESH:D010911', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary adenomas', 'pituitary adenoma']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['adenomas']

entities_list: @entity4357 :: ('MESH:D010716', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphatidylinositol']

answer: @entity7 :: (7422,Gene) :: ['VEGF']


abstract: The aim of this study is to evaluate the long-term safety and tolerability of @entity8409 in the treatment of @entity161 . Clinically stable adult outpatients with @entity161 were randomized in a 2 : 1 ratio to 12 months of double-blind treatment with once-daily, flexibly-dosed @entity8409 (40-120 mg) or @entity1090 (2-6 mg). Outcome measures included adverse events (AEs), vital signs, ECG, and laboratory tests. Secondary assessments included measures of psychopathology. A total of 427 @entity1 were randomized to treatment with @entity8409 and 202 with @entity1090 . The three most frequent AEs in the @entity8409 group (vs. @entity1090 ) were @entity390 (16.7 vs. 10.9%), @entity22 (15.8 vs. 13.4%), and sedation (14.6 vs. 13.9%); the three most frequent AEs in the @entity1090 group (vs. @entity8409 ) were increased weight (19.8 vs. 9.3%), @entity2147 (17.8 vs. 13.6%), and @entity10 (14.9 vs. 10.0%). A higher proportion of @entity1 receiving @entity1090 had at least a 7% endpoint increase in weight (14 vs. 7%). The median endpoint change in prolactin was significantly higher for @entity1090 (P<0.001). A comparable improvement in efficacy measures was observed with both agents and the rates of relapse were similar. All-cause discontinuation rates were higher for @entity8409 versus @entity1090 . Long-term treatment with @entity8409 was generally well tolerated in this study, with minimal effects on weight and metabolic outcomes.

title: Long-term safety and tolerability of @entity8409 in XXXX : a 12-month, double-blind, active-controlled study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8409 :: ('MESH:C525644', 'Chemical') :: ['lurasidone']

entities_list: @entity2147 :: ('MESH:D006970', 'Disease') :: ['somnolence']

entities_list: @entity22 :: ('MESH:D007319', 'Disease') :: ['insomnia']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity1090 :: ('MESH:D018967', 'Chemical') :: ['risperidone']

answer: @entity161 :: (MESH:D012559,Disease) :: ['schizophrenia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the diagnostic efficiency of circulating antigen using the TM5.28 mAB- @entity1885 -avidin system for the detection of @entity2040 japonica. METHODS: A mAb- @entity1885 -avidin system was set up using a TM5.28 mAB which was prepared against a gut associated antigen of @entity2042 . Detection was performed on the sera from 50 @entity697 @entity1 , 224 chronic @entity1 , 49 advanced @entity1 and 46 @entity2040 @entity1 who were followed up at 6 months and 12 months post treatment. In addition, 19 cases of @entity14007 , 31 cases of @entity9643 , 23 cases of @entity1956 and 100 healthy individuals were also included. RESULTS: The system showed sensitivity of 83.1% and specificity of 94.0% when applied to detect chronic @entity2040 and healthy @entity1 respectively, while 94.0% to @entity697 . The Youden's index of the system was 0.771. The rate of cross-reaction to @entity9643 , @entity14007 and @entity1956 was 12.9%, 15.8% and 13.0% respectively. The rates of negative turning were 43.9% and 62.1% respectively in chronic @entity2040 at the 6 month and 12 month intervals after treatment. Geometric mean of the OD values also decreased from 0.172 before treatment to 0.081 at 6 months and 0.068 at 12 months after treatment with a reduction rate of 60.30%. The detection rate in the heavy infected population reached a maximum of 90.0%. This was similar in moderate and light infected populations, i.e., 83.9% and 82.1%, respectively. CONCLUSION: The TM5.28 mAb- @entity1885 -avidin system showed a relatively high efficiency in the diagnosis of @entity2040 and a high negative turning rate after treatment. It is, therefore, a valuable tool for the estimation of prevalence in endemic populations, as well as individual diagnosis and for assessing the effect of chemotherapy.

title: [Study of the efficacy of a monoclonal antibody @entity1885 -avidin system for the diagnosis of XXXX japonica].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute schistosomiasis']

entities_list: @entity1956 :: ('MESH:D006509', 'Disease') :: ['hepatitis B']

entities_list: @entity14007 :: ('MESH:D003003', 'Disease') :: ['clonorchiasis']

entities_list: @entity9643 :: ('MESH:D010237', 'Disease') :: ['paragonimiasis']

entities_list: @entity2040 :: ('MESH:D012552', 'Disease') :: ['schistosomiasis']

entities_list: @entity2042 :: ('6182', 'Species') :: ['Schistosoma japonicum']

answer: @entity2040 :: (MESH:D012552,Disease) :: ['schistosomiasis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Early postnatal @entity851 with subsequent catch-up growth is common in preterm @entity1 . We describe a model of ex utero (postnatal) @entity851 followed by varying degrees of catch-up growth in the neonatal @entity35 . METHODS: Newborn CD @entity35 pups were randomized to litters of 10 ( @entity10575 , normal then normal intake) or 16 (R, restricted intake). On day 10, R pups were further randomized to litters of 6 (RC, restricted then catch-up intake), 10 (RN, restricted then normal intake), or 16 (RR, restricted then restricted intake). Body @entity1053 , insulin sensitivity, biochemistry, and learning (passive avoidance test) were assessed. RESULTS: Growth was significantly lower in the R than the @entity10575 group. Subsequently, the RC group caught up with the @entity10575 group but had higher fat mass; the RN group showed partial catch-up but body composition similar to that of the @entity10575 group. Insulin sensitivity did not differ between groups. @entity146 was significantly better in the @entity10575 than the three R groups, and in the RC group than the RR or RN groups. CONCLUSION: Early postnatal @entity851 is associated with poorer medium-term growth and poorer developmental outcome. Increased catch-up growth is associated with improved developmental outcome but with increased body adiposity, without any significant effect on @entity413 homeostasis.

title: Effects of early postnatal growth restriction and subsequent catch-up growth on body composition, insulin sensitivity, and behavior in neonatal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['growth retardation']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['Learning behavior']

entities_list: @entity1053 :: ('MESH:D001835', 'Disease') :: ['weight, body composition']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: PURPOSE: To examine the recovery process of blinking in a longitudinal study of nine @entity1 severely affected by @entity4401 . METHODS: Kinematics of bilateral @entity1319 and concomitant orbicularis oculi activity during @entity2798 and air-puff- and acoustic-click-induced reflex blinking were determined by using the magnetic search coil technique and electromyographic recording of the orbicularis oculi muscle (OO-EMG). RESULTS: In the first 3 months of absence of OO-EMG activity, @entity1319 of the palsied eyelid were observed during all types of blinking. First OO-EMG activity was determined 3 months after onset of the affliction. After 1 year, OO-EMG activity was normalized and showed values similar to those on the nonpalsied side. Clinically, eyelid movements were normal after 1 year, although corresponding maximum amplitudes and corresponding velocities were two times smaller, expressed in @entity1319 . Directions of eye movement during reflex blinking were normal after 1 year, although maximum amplitudes were smaller on the palsied side. Eye movements during @entity2798 remained impaired. A simultaneous horizontal upward shift of both eyes in the same direction was recorded throughout the study. CONCLUSIONS: Although OO-EMG activity on the palsied side was normalized 1 year after onset of the affliction, the accompanying eyelid movements and their maximum amplitudes and velocities remained smaller throughout the study. The consistent @entity1319 in @entity2798 during the study and reduced motility of eyelid movements indicates that higher brain structures, which modify eyelid and eye movement control during blinking, may be altered by the affliction.

title: Blink recovery in @entity1 with XXXX : a neurophysiological and behavioral longitudinal study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4401 :: ('MESH:D020330', 'Disease') :: ["Bell's palsy"]

entities_list: @entity1319 :: ('MESH:D015835', 'Disease') :: ['reduced eyelid and eye movement', 'reduced eyelid motility', 'eyelid and eye movements', 'impairment of eye movements']

entities_list: @entity2798 :: ('MESH:D009155', 'Disease') :: ['voluntary blinking']

answer: @entity4401 :: (MESH:D020330,Disease) :: ['Bell's palsy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: There is still uncertainty regarding the best treatment optionfor @entity308 inpatients and the best strategy to follow if @entity1 response is insufficient. AIM: To compare the efficacy of @entity2645 and @entity3755 in @entity308 inpatients who subsequently received @entity1091 supplement in case of poor response. METHOD: After a drug-free period and four days of placebo use, @entity1 were randomised either to @entity2645 or to @entity3755 (phase 1); the antidepressant dosage was fixed according to a predetermined plasma level. The efficacy of the antidepressant was evaluated four weeks after the predetermined plasma level had been attained. If @entity1 response was inadequate, the antidepressant was augmented with @entity1091 (phase 2). @entity1 response to the @entity1091 addition was evaluated three weeks after an adequate @entity1091 level had been attained. RESULTS: The study involved 138 inpatients. At the end of phase 1, @entity2645 was found to be superior tofluvoxamine according to the Clinical Global Impression of Improvement. Remission was achieved by 6 (23%) @entity1 on @entity2645 and by 10 (15%) @entity1 on @entity3755 ; this difference was not statistically significant. At the end of phase 2, 41 (9%) @entity1 on @entity2645 and 27 (40%) @entity1 on @entity3755 achieved remission, this significant difference demonstrating the superiority of the @entity2645 strategy. CONCLUSION: @entity2645 with subsequent @entity1091 addition is superior to a similar strategy with @entity3755 .

title: [Comparison of the effectiveness of two treatment strategies in inpatients with a @entity308 . A double-blind study of @entity2645 followed by @entity1091 addition versus XXXX followed by @entity1091 addition].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressed']

entities_list: @entity3755 :: ('MESH:D016666', 'Chemical') :: ['fluvoxamine']

entities_list: @entity2645 :: ('MESH:D007099', 'Chemical') :: ['imipramine', 'Imipramine']

answer: @entity3755 :: (MESH:D016666,Chemical) :: ['fluvoxamine']


abstract: The autopsy reports of the Pathological Institute Erfurt of the period from 1.1.1951 until 31.12.1969 were scored for cases of @entity583 and @entity1186 . Among 2,393 morphologically analysed @entity583 454 coronary @entity715 (18.97 per cent) were found. Males were significantly more affected than females. @entity1188 showed significantly more @entity715 than @entity1188 . We found fresh and occluding vessel @entity715 more frequently in fresh @entity1188 . The analysis of age distribution yielded an increase of the rate of @entity715 in cases with @entity583 . On the other hand, the frequency of @entity1188 in cases with a @entity1186 was decreasing. It is suggested that the risk for @entity1188 is larger in younger @entity1 with @entity1186 than in older ones. No @entity1188 were detected in 165 cases of @entity715 . Preferably this group includes those cases in which the @entity1 deceased within 6 to 8 hours and, therefore, the @entity1188 was not morphologically detectable.

title: [Coronary atherosclerosis, @entity1186 and XXXX in autopsy cases. 9th communication: relationship of @entity1186 and @entity583 (author's transl)].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['Fresh infarcts', 'infarctions', 'callous infarcts', 'infarction']

entities_list: @entity1186 :: ('MESH:D003328', 'Disease') :: ['coronary thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'myocardial infarctions']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thromboses', 'thrombosis']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarction']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The 15q13.3 microdeletion copy number variation is strongly associated with @entity161 and @entity302 . The @entity15683 gene, encoding nicotinic @entity934 alpha 7 receptors (nAChA7Rs), is hypothesized to be one of the main genes in this deletion causing the @entity146 phenotype. Here we used a recently developed 15q13.3 microdeletion @entity19 model to explore whether an established @entity161 -associated connectivity phenotype is replicated in a @entity19 model, and whether positive modulation of nAChA7 receptor might pharmacologically normalize the connectivity patterns. Resting-state fMRI data were acquired from male @entity19 carrying a hemizygous 15q13.3 microdeletion (N=9) and from wild-type @entity19 (N=9). To study the connectivity profile of 15q13.3 @entity19 and test the effect of nAChA7 positive allosteric modulation, the 15q13.3 @entity19 underwent two imaging sessions, one week apart, receiving a single intraperitoneal injection of either 15mg/kg @entity42023 or saline. The control group comprised wild-type @entity19 treated with saline. We performed seed-based functional connectivity analysis to delineate aberrant connectivity patterns associated with the deletion (15q13.3 @entity19 (saline treatment) versus wild-type @entity19 (saline treatment)) and their modulation by @entity42023 (15q13.3 @entity19 ( @entity42023 treatment) versus 15q13.3 @entity19 (saline treatment)). Compared to wild-type @entity19 , 15q13.3 @entity19 evidenced a predominant hyperconnectivity pattern. The main effect of @entity42023 was a normalization of elevated functional connectivity between prefrontal and frontal, hippocampal, striatal, thalamic and auditory regions. The strongest effects were observed in brain regions expressing nAChA7Rs, namely hippocampus, cerebral cortex and thalamus. These effects may underlie the antiepileptic, pro-cognitive and auditory gating deficit-reversal effects of nAChA7R stimulation.

title: An @entity934 alpha7 positive allosteric modulator rescues a XXXX -associated brain endophenotype in the 15q13.3 microdeletion, encompassing @entity15683 .

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['neuropsychiatric']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity161 :: (MESH:D012559,Disease) :: ['schizophrenia']


abstract: We investigated 40 cases of @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ) to study the polysomy 7 status in papillary and clear-cell types ( @entity1358 ) and relationship with clinical, pathological, and biological features such as grade, stage, @entity5 proliferation rate ( @entity1364 expression) and @entity470 ( @entity470 ) expression and thereby to understand the prognostic significance of polysomy 7 and @entity470 expression. In a prospective study, chromosome 7 copy number was analyzed in @entity5 cells by using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with an alpha-satellite DNA probe for chromosome 7. Both @entity1364 ( @entity1364 ) and @entity470 expression were examined in paraffin sections by immunostaining. The relationship between clinicopathological and clinicobiological parameters was evaluated by appropriate statistical methods. Polysomy 7 was present in 100% of papillary and 56.2% of clear-cell types @entity1358 . In clear-cell @entity1358 , in comparison with polysomy 7-dominant (D) category (20-50% polysomy-7 cells), polysomy 7-major (M) category (>50% polysomy 7 cells) was associated with higher @entity5 grade (P = 0.05). Polysomy 7 was also correlated with stage of the disease (P = 0.006). The @entity1364 index ranged between 12.8-89.6% and was comparatively high in high-grade @entity5 (P = 0.001). The @entity1364 index was also correlated with polysomy 7 (P = 0.002), and the association was stronger in @entity5 with polysomy M versus polysomy D category (P = 0.02). The @entity470 expression did not correlate with either grade, stage, @entity1364 , or polysomy 7. The correlation of polysomy 7 with less favorable prognostic factors such as higher @entity5 grade, stage, and higher proliferative index in the present study indicates that polysomy 7 might be used as a prognostic predictor in clear-cell @entity1358 . Evaluation of clinical end points will confirm the prognostic potential of the genetic marker polysomy 7 in our study.

title: @entity1364 and XXXX ( @entity470 ) status in @entity1358 patients with polysomy of chromosome 7.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['nonpapillary RCC', 'renal cell carcinoma', 'RCC']

entities_list: @entity1364 :: ('5111', 'Gene') :: ['proliferating cell nuclear antigen', 'PCNA']

entities_list: @entity470 :: ('1956', 'Gene') :: ['epidermal growth factor receptor', 'EGFr']

answer: @entity470 :: (1956,Gene) :: ['epidermal growth factor receptor']