abstract: AIM: To investigate the effects of autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells (BM-MNCs) implantation on regulation of cholangiocyte apoptosis in a model of intrahepatic @entity2806 ( @entity2806 ) in @entity95 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty @entity95 were divided randomly into 3 groups (10 per group) including controls (group A), @entity2806 model (group B), and BM-MNCs implantation groups (group C). All @entity95 underwent the same surgical procedure to prepare the liver for graft removal during transplantation. Subsequently, no additional vascular intervention was performed in group A. In group B, the hepatic artery and common bile duct were clamped with microvascular clips for 2 hours, where after the clips were removed to recover the blood supply. Group C received, BM-MNCs (10(8) cells per @entity95 ) injected through the hepatic artery after removing the clips. The animals were killed 4 weeks after operation. The survival rate, histopathologic examination, cholangiocyte apoptosis with terminal uridine nick-end labeling (TUNEL) staining and expressions of @entity9470 and @entity9471 proteins were examined using immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS: Group A animals showed a survival of 100%; the rates in groups B and C were both 90%. Histopathologic examination revealed normal intrahepatic cholangiocytes in group A, obviously damaged ones in group B, and @entity16 in group C. TUNEL staining indicated apoptosis of cholangiocytes in group B was more serious than that in group A or group C. Immunohistochemical staining demonstrated significantly decreased @entity9470 expression in group B compared with that in group A; @entity9470 expression in group C returned to the level of group A. Simultaneously, the @entity9471 expression presented adverse results; the ratios of @entity9470 / @entity9471 were ranked as group A > group C > group B. CONCLUSION: Implantation of autologous BM-MNCs significantly reduced apoptosis of intrahepatic cholangiocytes and prevented or abated intrahepatic @entity2806 .

title: Effects of autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells implantation on cholangiocytes apoptosis in model of intrahepatic XXXX in @entity95 .

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic type biliary lesion', 'ITBL']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['alleviated damage']

entities_list: @entity95 :: ('9986', 'Species') :: ['rabbits', 'rabbit', 'Japanese white rabbits']

answer: @entity2806 :: (MESH:D002545,Disease) :: ['ischemic type biliary lesion']


abstract: A case of a 53-year-old Japanese @entity1 with @entity2525 complicated by @entity4034 of the mandible is presented. The @entity1 experienced frequent exacerbations and remissions of @entity4034 of the mandible, despite undergoing several surgical debridements and sequesterectomies with appropriate antimicrobial therapy, for 3 years. Finally, the @entity1 underwent mandibular segmental resection followed by reconstruction with a @entity702 reconstruction plate. Fifty-one months after surgery there is no evidence of recurrent @entity4034 of the mandible, suggesting that a more radical surgical approach is preferable for @entity1 with severe complications resulting from @entity2525 . Also presented here are the histopathological and biochemical features of the osteopetrotic bone. The osteopetrotic cortical bone was morbidly sclerotic with compact and irregular laminations. Degradation of osteocytes in the osteopetrotic bone was due to @entity519 and lack of nutrition resulting from @entity16455 . There were no significant differences between osteopetrotic and normal bone according to X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, collagen content or mineral content. Micro-Vickers hardness measurements showed that osteopetrotic bone was significantly harder than normal bone, and the standard deviation of hardness was greater in osteopetrotic bone. Such a loss of integrity in osteopetrotic bone is considered to be a primary reason for the greater risk of a variety of complications such as pathological @entity174 and @entity4034 .

title: @entity2525 complicated by XXXX of the mandible: a case report including characterization of the osteopetrotic bone.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity4034 :: ('MESH:D010019', 'Disease') :: ['refractory osteomyelitis', 'osteomyelitis']

entities_list: @entity702 :: ('MESH:D014025', 'Chemical') :: ['titanium']

entities_list: @entity16455 :: ('MESH:D010026', 'Disease') :: ['osteosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity2525 :: ('MESH:D010022', 'Disease') :: ['osteopetrosis']

answer: @entity4034 :: (MESH:D010019,Disease) :: ['osteomyelitis']


abstract: To assess the testicular Sertoli cell function according to inhibin B levels in @entity1691 ( @entity1691 ) @entity1 and the possible effect of anti-TNF therapy on this hormone production, 20 consecutive @entity1691 @entity1 and 24 healthy controls were evaluated. At study entry, @entity1691 @entity1 were not receiving @entity3378 / @entity1499 and never have used biological/cytotoxic agents. They were assessed by serum inhibin B levels, hormone profile, urological examination, testicular ultrasound, seminal parameters, and clinical features. Ten of these patients received anti-TNF treatment and they were reevaluated for Sertoli function and disease parameters at 6 months. Four of them agreed to repeat sperm analysis. At study entry, the median of inhibin B (68 vs. 112.9 pg/mL, p = 0.111), follicle-stimulating hormone levels (3.45 vs. 3.65 IU/L, p = 0.795), and the other hormones was comparable in @entity1691 @entity1 and controls (p > 0.05). Sperm analysis was similar in @entity1691 @entity1 and controls (p > 0.05) with one @entity1691 @entity1 presenting borderline low inhibin B levels. Further analysis at 6 months of the 10 @entity1 referred for anti-TNF therapy, including one with borderline inhibin B, revealed that median inhibin B levels remained stable (116.5 vs. 126.5 pg/mL, p = 0.431) with a significant improvement in @entity1851 (27.8 vs. 2.27 mg/L, p = 0.039). Sperm motility and concentration were preserved in the four @entity1 who repeated this analysis after TNF blockage. In conclusion, this was the first study to report, using a specific marker, a normal testicular Sertoli cell function in @entity1691 @entity1 with mild to moderate disease activity.

title: Testicular Sertoli cell function in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1691 :: ('MESH:D013167', 'Disease') :: ['ankylosing spondylitis', 'AS']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

entities_list: @entity3378 :: ('MESH:D012460', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfasalazine']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

answer: @entity1691 :: (MESH:D013167,Disease) :: ['ankylosing spondylitis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The objective of this paper is to describe clinical behavior, histopathologic features, and immunohistochemical staining of two-related @entity1641 with @entity2790 . Two-related Quarter @entity1641 with similar intraocular masses presented to the UF-CVM Comparative Ophthalmology Service for evaluation and treatment. The first @entity1641 , a 3-year-old gelding, had @entity726 and a cyst-like mass in the anterior chamber. Enucleation was performed. Histopathology revealed a @entity6196 . The @entity5 was considered to be completely excised. Fifteen months later, the gelding presented with swelling of the enucleated orbit and local lymph nodes with deformation of the skull. Cytology revealed neuroectodermal neoplastic cells. Necropsy confirmed @entity5 metastasis. Six weeks later, a 9-year-old mare, a full sibling to the gelding, presented for examination. An infiltrative mass of the iris and ciliary body was found that extended into the anterior, posterior, and vitreal chambers. @entity1596 was present, but secondary @entity726 was not noted. Enucleation was performed and the histopathologic diagnosis was also @entity6196 . The mare has had no recurrence to date, 2  years following enucleation. @entity3 of @entity2790 is possible. Staging is recommended in cases where the diagnosis of @entity6196 is confirmed. Surveillance of full siblings is recommended until more information regarding etiology is known.

title: Clinical behavior of XXXX in two-related Quarter @entity1641 .

entities_list: @entity6196 :: ('MESH:D018242', 'Disease') :: ['teratoid medulloepithelioma']

entities_list: @entity1641 :: ('9796', 'Species') :: ['Horses', 'horse', 'horses']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity2790 :: ('MESH:D009798', 'Disease') :: ['intraocular teratoid medulloepithelioma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['Metastasis']

answer: @entity2790 :: (MESH:D009798,Disease) :: ['intraocular teratoid medulloepithelioma']


abstract: Until recently it was generally thought that early repolarization is benign. But a recent article in the NEJM (Haissaguerre et al.) suggests that some @entity1 with early repolarization may be at risk of life-threatening @entity1165 . Unexplained @entity1163 or @entity944 occurs mostly during sleep. However, some cases of @entity1167 during exertion have been reported. We report the case of a 39 year-old black African male with early repolarization pattern on electrocardiogram who regularly experienced @entity1296 (and one episode of transient @entity909 ) exclusively while exercising. Detailed examination was normal. Under @entity5126 therapy, he experienced no further episodes. Increasingly reported cases of @entity1167 in Africans, and significant prevalence of early repolarization in this population, have to be taken into account since the Haissaguerre et al. report. Further evidence of the lethal consequences of this syndrome are needed, bearing in mind that diagnostic tools for life-threatening @entity943 are often scarce in sub-Saharan Africa.

title: Early repolarization electrocardiography pattern with unexplained XXXX during training in a young black African non-elite athlete: an accidental finding?

entities_list: @entity1296 :: ('MESH:D004244', 'Disease') :: ['dizziness']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular tachyarrhythmia']

entities_list: @entity944 :: ('MESH:D003645', 'Disease') :: ['sudden death']

entities_list: @entity909 :: ('MESH:D014474', 'Disease') :: ['loss of consciousness']

entities_list: @entity5126 :: ('MESH:D011802', 'Chemical') :: ['quinidine']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrest']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmias']

answer: @entity1163 :: (MESH:D013575,Disease) :: ['syncope']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in incident @entity195 ( @entity195 ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The mean age of the 157 @entity1 (45% @entity1 ) was 69.7(9.4) years (range 51-88 years). The @entity1 had undergone a thorough investigation including magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography of the brain. The cerebrospinal(CSF)/plasma albumin ratio (albumin ratio) was used as a measure of BBB function. RESULTS: There were gender differences with respect to albumin ratio and plasma @entity1011 with higher values in @entity1 (P < 0.001). 42% of the @entity1 and 13% of the @entity1 (P < 0.001) had a mild to moderate @entity75 when applying the reference limit of the laboratory (<9.2). Both male gender (P = 0.002) and plasma @entity1011 (P = 0.009) were independently associated with the albumin ratio when controlling for putative confounders. CONCLUSIONS: The BBB is dysfunctional in a portion of @entity1 with @entity195 , both @entity1 and, primarily, @entity1 . The dysfunction might influence the clearance of both harmful and beneficial substances across the barrier. Renal function might have an impact on the BBB.

title: The integrity of the blood-brain barrier in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['BBB dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['AD', "Alzheimer's disease"]

answer: @entity195 :: (MESH:D000544,Disease) :: ['Alzheimer's disease']


abstract: Mitochondria are dynamic organelles that continuously change their shape through fission and fusion. Disruption of mitochondrial dynamics is involved in disease pathology through excessive reactive @entity26 species (ROS) production. Accelerated cellular senescence resulting from cigarette smoke exposure with excessive ROS production has been implicated in the pathogenesis of @entity1030 ( @entity1030 ). Hence, we investigated the involvement of mitochondrial dynamics and ROS production in terms of @entity1981 ( @entity1981 )-induced cellular senescence in @entity1 bronchial epithelial cells (HBEC). Mitochondrial morphology was examined by electron microscopy and fluorescence microscopy. Senescence-associated b-galactosidase staining and @entity3544 Western blotting of primary HBEC were performed to evaluate cellular senescence. Mitochondrial-specific @entity224 production was measured by MitoSOX staining. @entity2383 was induced by knockdown of mitochondrial fusion proteins ( @entity24927 or Mitofusins) by small-interfering RNA transfection. @entity898 and @entity38342 were used as antioxidants. Mitochondria in bronchial epithelial cells were prone to be more fragmented in @entity1030 lung tissues. @entity1981 induced @entity2383 , which were responsible for acceleration of cellular senescence in HBEC. @entity2383 induced by knockdown of fusion proteins also increased mitochondrial ROS production and percentages of senescent cells. HBEC senescence and mitochondria fragmentation in response to @entity1981 treatment were inhibited in the presence of antioxidants. @entity1981 -induced @entity2383 is involved in cellular senescence through the mechanism of mitochondrial ROS production. Hence, disruption of mitochondrial dynamics may be a part of the pathogenic sequence of @entity1030 development.

title: XXXX in cigarette smoke-induced bronchial epithelial cell senescence.

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity898 :: ('MESH:D000111', 'Chemical') :: ['N-acetylcysteine']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease', 'COPD']

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide']

entities_list: @entity1981 :: ('OMIM:188890', 'Disease') :: ['CSE', 'cigarette smoke extract']

entities_list: @entity2383 :: ('MESH:D028361', 'Disease') :: ['mitochondrial fragmentation', 'Mitochondrial fragmentation', 'mitochondrial fragmentation and mitochondrial ROS production']

answer: @entity2383 :: (MESH:D028361,Disease) :: ['Mitochondrial fragmentation']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To define subgroups of @entity4810 and frequency of focal normal spermatogenesis in multiple testicular biopsies of non-obstructive asoozpermia in Yemeni @entity1 . METHODS: A descriptive record based study of 485 cases of @entity4810 was carried out in the @entity52 ( @entity52 ) center in Sana'a, Yemen during the period from 1st August 2000 to 30th December 2007. During histological analysis the sample was evaluated regarding the size of seminiferous tubules, the thickness of tubules, the relative number and types of germ cells, the degree of @entity82 , and presence of focal normal spermatogenesis. The results were commonly classified according to the used clinical practical classification. RESULTS: Out of a total of 485 testicular biopsies, 164 (33.8%) cases showed germ cell aplasia. The @entity82 represented the lowest frequency being 93 (19.2%) cases. Obstructive asoozpermia was present in 99 (20.4%) cases, and @entity1167 in 116 (23.9%) cases. Focal normal spermatogenesis was found in 106 (27.5%) out of 385 cases of non-obstructive asoozpermia with higher frequency in @entity82 cases (36.6%). CONCLUSION: We have shown in this study the different histopathologic patterns in our local @entity1 , which correlate with some studies and shows discrepancies with others. Therefore, these findings are informative for concerned @entity52 centers to help the @entity1 who are suffering from @entity249 .

title: Histologic pictures of @entity4810 in Yemeni XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity249 :: ('MESH:D007246', 'Disease') :: ['primary infertility']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity4810 :: ('MESH:D007248', 'Disease') :: ['male infertility']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['maturation arrest']

entities_list: @entity52 :: ('MESH:C566179', 'Disease') :: ['IVF', 'in vitro fertilization']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: @entity1 with severe @entity337 frequently present with @entity951 . The exact pathophysiology for @entity951 in @entity337 is not clear. @entity4346 and @entity296 supply-demand mismatch have been the suggested mechanisms to explain @entity63 . However, no conclusive clinical study exists to define the incidence of @entity63 in @entity1 with severe @entity337 and normal coronary arteries. We, therefore, investigated the frequency of @entity741 in relation to @entity4346 or dilatation in @entity1 with severe @entity337 and normal coronary arteries. We reviewed the medical records of all @entity1 (n = 311) with aortic valve replacement due to @entity337 between 2007 and 2010. We selected subjects with normal coronary arteries (n =182) for the study purpose, and we identified 35 @entity1 who underwent myocardial perfusion scintigraphy prior to the coronary angiography (19 female and 16 male subjects; age 45.0    8.9 years). @entity4346 and dilatation were detected in 9 (26%) and 5 (14%) @entity1 , respectively. Myocardial perfusion scintigraphy showed evidence of @entity63 in 10 (29%) @entity1 with normal coronary arteries. The presence of @entity63 did not relate to the presence of @entity4346 . As a potential mechanism, @entity337 causes backflow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle, hence disturbs coronary flow dynamics. In conclusion, @entity741 is common (nearly one-third) among @entity1 with severe @entity337 even in the absence of @entity301 , @entity4346 .

title: @entity741 in severe XXXX despite angiographically normal coronary arteries.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial blood']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary obstruction']

entities_list: @entity951 :: ('MESH:D000787', 'Disease') :: ['angina pectoris', 'angina']

entities_list: @entity337 :: ('MESH:D001022', 'Disease') :: ['aortic regurgitation']

entities_list: @entity4346 :: ('MESH:D017379', 'Disease') :: ['Left ventricular hypertrophy', 'left ventricular hypertrophy and/or dilatation', 'left ventricular hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial ischemia']

answer: @entity337 :: (MESH:D001022,Disease) :: ['aortic regurgitation']


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: Disease progression in @entity1561 ( @entity1561 ) is not well understood and there is controversy about whether @entity1561 (NAFL, i.e., @entity1560 alone or with mild @entity32 not qualifying for @entity1560 ) can evolve towards @entity1560 ( @entity43458 ) with @entity82 . METHODS: We reviewed 70 @entity1 with untreated @entity1561 and with two biopsies performed more than one year apart. Clinical and biological data were recorded at the time of both biopsies. @entity167 consumption did not change during follow-up. RESULTS: Initially 25 @entity1 had NAFL and 45 had @entity43458 and/or advanced @entity82 . After a mean follow-up of 3.7 years (s.d. 2.1), 16 NAFL @entity1 developed @entity43458 , eight with severe ballooning and six with bridging @entity82 on the follow-up biopsy. @entity1 with @entity32 or any degree of @entity82 were at higher risk of progression than those with @entity1560 alone. Those with unambiguous disease progression were older and had worsening of their metabolic risk factors (higher weight and more @entity6 at baseline and during follow-up). In the whole cohort, ballooning progression and bridging @entity82 often occurred together and co-existed with a reduction in ALT, higher @entity1017 , and a higher incidence of @entity6 during follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: A substantial proportion of @entity1 with NAFL can progress towards well-defined @entity43458 with bridging @entity82 , especially if metabolic risk factors deteriorate. Even mild @entity32 or @entity82 could substantially increase the risk of progression when compared to @entity1560 alone. Current monitoring practices of these @entity1 should be revised.

title: A systematic review of follow-up biopsies reveals disease progression in XXXX with @entity1561 .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation', 'mild lobular inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1560 :: ('MESH:D005234', 'Disease') :: ['steatohepatitis', 'steatosis']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['Alcohol']

entities_list: @entity1561 :: ('MESH:D065626', 'Disease') :: ['non-alcoholic fatty liver disease', 'NAFLD', 'non-alcoholic fatty liver']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['weight gain']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: A study on the prevalence of @entity5 at autopsy in Chilean @entity1 with special reference to @entity1778 , was made. In a series of 15300 consecutive autopsies of Chileans, 70% of deceased @entity1 had an autopsy. Of these 15300 cases (male:female ratio 1:0.92) 6431 were @entity1 (0-15 years of age); 90% of deceased @entity1 @entity1 had an autopsy. The autopsy population of @entity1 and adults is a homogeneous ethnic group, and exhibits a low socioeconomic level. Data on the 6431 post-mortem examinations (1945-1966) came from the atuopsy records of five hospitals (four of them are teaching hospitals) in the city of Santiago. Each one of the @entity1778 and solid @entity5 cases were diagnosed microscopically. In the @entity1 population, 54.92% were males and 45.08% were females. Of the 6431 autopsies, 142 exhibited @entity5 (2.21%), 2.43% being male cases and 1.93% being female cases. The autopsy cases showed a marked excess of @entity1 (73.92%) and @entity1 (69.77%) under 1 year of age. The prevalence of major morphological groups of @entity5 was as follows: @entity1778 50.70%, @entity1313 25.35%, @entity706 , including @entity978 , 14.07%, and mixed @entity5 ( @entity3969 ) 4.93%. 4.93%. Acute @entity1778 (42.96%), @entity2946 (7.65%), @entity978 (6.34%), @entity3969 (4.93%), and @entity1893 (4.93%) were the most prevalent types of @entity5 . @entity1778 cases had a corrected male:female ratio of 1:0.61. The prevalence of @entity1778 in the atuopsy population was 1.12%.

title: @entity5 and childhood with special reference to XXXX : a survey of 6431 autopsy cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'girls', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ['lymphosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['malignant lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial and other neural neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant tumours', 'cancer', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity1778 :: ('MESH:D007938', 'Disease') :: ['leukaemia', 'leukaemias', 'Leukaemia']

entities_list: @entity3969 :: ('MESH:D009396', 'Disease') :: ["Wilms' tumour"]

entities_list: @entity978 :: ('MESH:D006689', 'Disease') :: ["Hodgkin's disease"]

entities_list: @entity2946 :: ('MESH:D008527', 'Disease') :: ['medulloblastoma']

answer: @entity1778 :: (MESH:D007938,Disease) :: ['leukaemia']


abstract: The increasing sensitivity of neuro-imaging in the diagnosis of brain expanding lesions is not directly related to biopathological specificity and new technological approaches are under study. In particular Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) allows evaluation of some biochemical pathways whose metabolic alterations may be correlated with the nature and @entity5 grading of primary @entity1313 . In the present study the author performed an in vitro high field 1H MRS (9.4 and 14.1 T) analysis of specimens obtained from stereotactic biopsy or microsurgical removal of primary @entity1313 . Different samples derived from heterogeneous areas and/or infiltrated perilesional regions were examined. This study was principally focused on @entity5 grading of @entity11 and its correlation with the ratio (R) between the resonance band arising from @entity1877 containing compounds (between 3.14 and 3.35 ppm) and the total @entity908 signal (3.0 ppm). Analyses allowed significant discrimination between @entity816 (R = 2.4 +/- 0.6) and @entity463 ( @entity463 ) (R = 4.4 +/- 1.3) [p < 0.002]; however the results did not allow discrimination between differentiated and @entity816 . The @entity463 showed the largest spread of values corresponding to their higher level of tissue heterogeneity and de-differentiation. Studies on non astrocytic @entity1313 indicated that even higher R values were exhibited by @entity3271 , even in well differentiated forms (p < 0.02 with respect to @entity463 ). Moreover, preliminary observations indicated that signals arising from other metabolites may also contribute to a differential diagnosis of different oncotypes. Among these @entity2228 appears particularly relevant, since higher levels were measured for this @entity535 in @entity463 with respect to both @entity816 and @entity3271 .

title: Potential role of in vitro 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy in the definition of XXXX grading of human @entity1313 .

entities_list: @entity2228 :: ('CHEBI:57305', 'Chemical') :: ['glycine']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['brain tumours']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy']

entities_list: @entity908 :: ('MESH:D003401', 'Chemical') :: ['creatine']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['gliomas']

entities_list: @entity816 :: ('MESH:D001254', 'Disease') :: ['anaplastic astrocytomas', 'astrocytomas']

entities_list: @entity463 :: ('MESH:D005909', 'Disease') :: ['GBM', 'glioblastoma']

entities_list: @entity3271 :: ('MESH:D009837', 'Disease') :: ['oligodendrogliomas']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['malignancy']


abstract: We investigated whether the changes detectable with magnetic resonance imaging techniques during and after an episode of @entity7853 differ in immature and older brain. Diffusion weighted (DW) and T2-weighted (T2W) images were repeatedly acquired before, during, and after an episode of @entity7853 (unilateral carotid artery occlusion plus @entity519 ) in 2- and 4-wk-old @entity35 lightly anesthetized with @entity5161 . Areas of increased brightness were detected in DW images from both 2- and 4-wk-old @entity35 by 10-20 min after the start of @entity519 . These hyperintense areas increased during @entity519 , comprising 60.8+/-4.9% and 30.5+/-2.7% of the brain image at the level of the thalamus in 2-wk-old and 4-wk-old animals, respectively (p < 0.003). Hyperintense areas (e.g. 27.0+/-8.3%) also appeared in T2W images during @entity519 - @entity63 in 2-wk-old animals, but these did not occur in 4-wk-old animals (p < 0.02). This observation was reflected in T2, which increased during @entity519 - @entity63 in the 2-wk-old but not the 4-wk-old group. By 60 min after the termination of @entity519 - @entity63 in either age group, areas of hyperintensity resolved and then reappeared 24 h later on both DW and T2W images. Thus, irrespective of age, magnetic resonance imaging changes during transient @entity519 - @entity63 generally recover with a delayed or secondary increase in DW and T2W hyperintensity hours later. Immature brain differs from older brain primarily with respect to some combination of @entity519 / @entity63 cellular or biochemical changes, that are detectable as increases in T2 within 2-wk-old but not 4-wk-old animals.

title: Magnetic resonance imaging during @entity7853 : T2 increases in 2-week-old but not 4-week-old XXXX .

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic', 'ischemia']

entities_list: @entity7853 :: ('MESH:D020925', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral hypoxia-ischemia']

entities_list: @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxic', 'hypoxia']

entities_list: @entity5161 :: ('MESH:D007530', 'Chemical') :: ['isoflurane']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: The aim of the present experiment was i) to study the effect of anti-microbial therapy of experimentally induced @entity737 and ii) to assess features of bone regrowth following treatment. Four @entity235 were used. Three @entity702 fixtures (Br  nemark System) were installed in each quadrant of the mandible (premolars previously extracted). Abutment connection was performed 5 months later and ligature induced breakdown was initiated. The ligatures were removed when approximately 50% of the initial bone support was lost. A 3-week antibiotic regimen ( @entity115 and @entity868 ) was initiated 1 month later. Two days after the start of the antibiotic administration, the experimental implant sites were exposed to local therapy. The abutments were removed and the exposed fixture surfaces were treated with an abrasive (pumice) administered via a rotating brush (left side) or cleaned with @entity2708 pellets soaked in saline (right side). Cover screws were attached to the fixtures and the implants were submerged. Fluorochromes were injected intravenously 2 weeks, 4 weeks and 12 weeks after surgery. The animals were killed 7 months after surgery and block biopsies of each implant site were dissected and prepared for histological analysis. The findings of the examinations disclosed that the inflammatory lesion was resolved and new bone formation had occurred in the previous defect following antimicrobial and local therapy. The amount of "re-osseointegration" that had taken place, however, was small. Indeed, at all experimental implant sites, a thin connective tissue capsule was found to separate the implant surface from the newly formed bone.

title: Resolution of XXXX following treatment. An experimental study in the @entity235 .

entities_list: @entity868 :: ('MESH:D008795', 'Chemical') :: ['metronidazole']

entities_list: @entity115 :: ('MESH:D000658', 'Chemical') :: ['amoxicillin']

entities_list: @entity235 :: ('9615', 'Species') :: ['beagle dogs']

entities_list: @entity737 :: ('MESH:D057873', 'Disease') :: ['peri-implantitis lesions']

entities_list: @entity702 :: ('MESH:D014025', 'Chemical') :: ['titanium']

answer: @entity737 :: (MESH:D057873,Disease) :: ['peri-implantitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aims of this analysis were to investigate features and outcome of high-grade @entity421 of the mobile spine. @entity1 AND METHODS: Since 1977, 20 @entity421 Study Group @entity1 had a diagnosis of high-grade @entity421 of the mobile spine and were included in this retrospective analysis of @entity1 -, @entity5 - and treatment-related variables and outcome. RESULTS: The median age was 29 years (range 5-58). Most frequent @entity5 sites were thoracic and lumbar spine. All but three @entity1 had nonmetastatic disease at diagnosis. Treatment included surgery and chemotherapy for all @entity1 , 13 were also irradiated. Eight @entity1 failed to achieve a macroscopically complete surgical remission (five local, one primary @entity3 , two both), six died, two are alive, both with radiotherapy. Of 12 @entity1 with complete remission at all sites, three had a recurrence (two local, one @entity3 ) and died. The median follow-up of the 11 survivors was 8.7 years (range 3.1-22.3), 5-year overall and event-free survival rates were 60% and 43%. Age <40 years, nonmetastatic disease at diagnosis and complete remission predicted for better overall survival (OS, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: @entity421 of the mobile spine are rare. With complete resection (and potentially radiotherapy) and chemotherapy, prognosis may be comparable with that of @entity421 .

title: XXXX of the mobile spine.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity421 :: ('MESH:D012516', 'Disease') :: ['Osteosarcomas', 'Cooperative Osteosarcoma', 'osteosarcomas', 'appendicular osteosarcomas']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

answer: @entity421 :: (MESH:D012516,Disease) :: ['Osteosarcoma']


abstract: A total of 4056 consecutive @entity1 operated for benign biliary tract disease between January 1983 and June 1990 were reviewed retrospectively. There were 71 in-hospital deaths, representing 1.75% of morality rate. Cholecystectomy was performed in 2275 @entity1 ; common bile duct exploration was carried out in 1494, with operative mortality rates of 0.4% and 3.1% respectively. @entity295 was the leading cause of mortality. The second common cause of @entity204 was @entity1578 , and @entity1576 the third. Cardiovascular problems accounted for 11.3% of @entity204 , which was much lower than reports from western series. Other causes of mortality included @entity1457 , anaphylactic shock, @entity302 and @entity4053 . Of the total 4056 @entity1 , 28.5% underwent emergency surgery. The mortality rate for emergency surgery was 3.6 times higher than for those who underwent elective operations (p less than 0.005) Significantly higher mortality rates were also seen for those aged over 70 years and of male gender. Because the mortality rate of @entity1 who underwent emergency operation due to acute inflammatory or obstructive complications were much higher than that of elective operation group, we suggested early surgical intervention for the symptomatic @entity1 before complications occurred.

title: [The incidence and cause of XXXX following surgery for benign biliary tract disease].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1457 :: ('MESH:D012769', 'Disease') :: ['hypovolemic shock']

entities_list: @entity4053 :: ('MESH:D007003', 'Disease') :: ['hypoglycemia']

entities_list: @entity1578 :: ('MESH:D017093', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic failure']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory failure']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy']

answer: @entity204 :: (MESH:D003643,Disease) :: ['death']


abstract: The long-term outcome of very low birth weight (VLBW) @entity1 with @entity3166 has been reported to be similar to that of other VLBW @entity1 . To examine the influence of disease severity on outcome, the growth and neurodevelopment of survivors of @entity3166 were evaluated when the babies were 20 months' corrected age. Between 1975 and 1983, 1506 VLBW @entity1 were admitted to the hospital, and @entity3166 developed in 84 (5.6%). Forty @entity1 (48%) survived to be 20 months' corrected age, and complete follow-up data were available for 36. Survivors were classified by modified Bell's criteria into four groups by increasing severity of disease; 13 had mild @entity3166 (stage IIA, IIB), and 23 had severe @entity3166 (stage IIIA, IIIB). The 36 survivors were compared with 766 surviving VLBW @entity1 without @entity3166 . There were no perinatal or socioeconomic differences between groups. Compared with @entity1 with @entity34 at 20 months, @entity1 with @entity5 had a higher rate of subnormal body weight (39% vs 15%) and subnormal head circumference (30% vs 0%). Thirty-three percent of @entity3166 survivors had significant @entity245 ; the majority of impaired @entity1 (10 of 12) were survivors of @entity5 . These findings highlight the importance of continued evaluations for medical and neurodevelopmental sequelae.

title: Severity of XXXX : influence on outcome at 2 years of age.

entities_list: @entity3166 :: ('MESH:D020345', 'Disease') :: ['necrotizing enterocolitis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['stage III necrotizing enterocolitis']

entities_list: @entity245 :: ('MESH:D002658', 'Disease') :: ['neurodevelopmental impairment']

entities_list: @entity34 :: ('MESH:D016609', 'Disease') :: ['stage II necrotizing enterocolitis']

answer: @entity3166 :: (MESH:D020345,Disease) :: ['necrotizing enterocolitis']


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate the anatomic basis of atypical angiographic leaks in @entity989 ( @entity989 ) with optical coherence tomography (OCT). METHODS: Fluorescein angiography (FA) and OCT were performed in three eyes of three @entity1 (two @entity1 , one @entity1 ) with @entity989 . The angiographic leaks were treated with transpupillary thermotherapy (TTT) in two @entity1 with long-standing @entity989 . The investigations were repeated in the treated @entity1 during follow-up visits. RESULTS: Clinically, all @entity1 demonstrated typical @entity989 ; the female @entity1 had subretinal fibrin under the detachment. FA showed unusual leakage patterns and OCT revealed bridging tissue connecting the @entity1713 ( @entity1713 ) to the overlying @entity11471 in all @entity1 . @entity989 resolved completely in the two @entity1 who underwent TTT along with normalization of the OCT findings. In one @entity1 re-evaluated before complete resolution of @entity989 , OCT showed a flattened @entity1713 with disappearance of the bridging tissue and persistent @entity1713 . FA demonstrated conversion of the previously atypical leak into a classic 'smokestack' configuration. Over the next month, leakage resolved completely. @entity989 and the anatomical findings persisted in the untreated @entity1 . CONCLUSION: OCT identified a potential anatomic basis for unusual angiographic leakage pattern in all three cases of @entity989 evaluated.

title: Relation of optical coherence tomography and unusual angiographic leakage patterns in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity11471 :: ('MESH:C565633', 'Disease') :: ['detached retina']

entities_list: @entity1713 :: ('MESH:D012163', 'Disease') :: ['pigment epithelial detachment', 'PED', 'serous detachment']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['central serous chorioretinopathy', 'CSC']

answer: @entity989 :: (MESH:D012164,Disease) :: ['central serous chorioretinopathy']


abstract: Purpose. To determine whether @entity13425 ( @entity13425 ) regulates @entity2533 -stimulated expression of @entity2290 ( @entity2290 ), @entity1495 ( @entity1495 ), and @entity2290 Inhibitor ( @entity2289 ) in the @entity342 -independent @entity1 @entity263 cell model. Materials and Methods. @entity263 cell line was used. The role of @entity13425 was evaluated using synthetic small interference RNA (siRNA) compounds. The expression of @entity2290 , @entity1495 , and @entity2289 was evaluated by zymography assays, RT-PCR, and promoter transactivation analysis. Results. In PC-3 cells @entity2533 treatment stimulated @entity2290 , @entity2289 , and @entity1495 expressions. The knockdown of @entity13425 in PC-3 cells enhanced the basal level of @entity2290 , and @entity2533 treatment inhibited @entity2290 production. Both @entity2289 and @entity1495 production levels were increased in response to @entity2533 . The ectopic expression of @entity13425 inhibited both @entity2533 -induced @entity2290 and @entity1495 promoter transactivation, while @entity2289 promoter response to the factor was unaffected. Conclusions. @entity13425 regulates the expression of @entity2290 , @entity2289 , and @entity1495 stimulated by @entity2533 in PC-3 cells. Thus, @entity13425 is implicated in the regulation of extracellular matrix degradation and can therefore be suggested as a novel therapeutic target in @entity263 treatment.

title: @entity13425 Regulates @entity2533 -Induced Extracellular Matrix Degrading Proteases Expression in @entity1 PC-3 XXXX Cells.

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['PC-3 prostate cancer', 'prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity13425 :: ('22938', 'Gene') :: ['SKIP', 'Ski-interacting protein']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen']

entities_list: @entity1495 :: ('4318', 'Gene') :: ['MMP-9', 'matrix metalloproteinase-9']

entities_list: @entity2290 :: ('5328', 'Gene') :: ['urokinase-type plasminogen activator', 'uPA']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['Prostate Cancer']


abstract: 1. Although @entity712 is commonly associated with depressed systolic function, there is increasing evidence that impaired diastolic performance is also universally present and might be a key determinant of symptoms, physical capacity and even survival in some subsets of @entity1 . 2. Reduced diastolic distensibility increases cardiac filling pressure not only at rest, but even more during exercise when diastolic filling time is reduced. The increases in filling pressure and diastolic wall stress lead to @entity891 and subendocardial ischaemia, it also triggers @entity1283 and a detrimental remodelling of the ventricular cavity. Perhaps even more importantly, @entity67 limits the use of the Frank-Starling mechanism, impairing systolic pump function and cardiac output adaptation during exercise. Therapies able to improve the distensibility of the ventricle are, therefore, desirable in @entity712 . 3. Nitrates, @entity1289 ( @entity1289 ) inhibitors and diuretics may indirectly increase left ventricular chamber compliance by their effects on the right side of the heart. Cardiac glycosides do not improve myocardial relaxation and may even cause diastolic contracture at toxic doses. The new @entity2161 partial agonist, @entity18293 , on the other hand, consistently lowers left ventricular filling pressure at rest and during exercise, and produces an increase in left ventricular dynamic compliance through the direct lusitropic effect of @entity2161 stimulation. These beneficial effects are maintained during prolonged therapy and also appear sufficient to slow the remodelling of the ventricular cavity. The improvement in symptoms and in exercise tolerance observed during @entity18293 ( @entity18293 , Carwin, Corwil, @entity18293 , @entity18293 ) therapy might, therefore, be related to the improvement in left ventricular diastolic distensibility induced by this drug.

title: Focus on @entity67 : a new approach to XXXX therapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity1289 :: ('1636', 'Gene') :: ['angiotensin converting enzyme', 'ACE']

entities_list: @entity1283 :: ('MESH:D006332', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity2161 :: ('153', 'Gene') :: ['beta 1-adrenoceptor']

entities_list: @entity891 :: ('MESH:D001261', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary congestion']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['impaired ventricular distensibility']

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['heart failure']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We investigated the role of phenotypic characteristics in stratifying the risk of sustained @entity943 in @entity1 harboring @entity4128 right @entity67 / @entity296 -associated mutations. METHODS AND RESULTS: Clinical, electrocardiographic, and arrhythmic outcome (composite measure of first occurrence of sustained @entity1165 /resuscitated @entity1164 / @entity1164 /appropriate implantable cardioverter-defibrillator therapy) data were obtained for 215 @entity1 (104 families; 85% @entity14106 ). During a mean follow-up of 7 years, 86 (40%) @entity1 experienced the arrhythmic outcome. Event-free survival was significantly lower among probands (P<0.001) and symptomatic (P<0.001) @entity1 . Integration of ECG repolarization and depolarization abnormalities allowed for differential risk categorization. Event-free survival at 5 years for the low-risk ECG group (0-1 T inversions or minor depolarization changes) was 97% versus 81% for the intermediate-risk ECG group (2 T inversions+minor depolarization changes) versus 33% for the high-risk ECG group (>= 3 T inversions  major or minor depolarization changes; P<0.001). Incremental arrhythmic risk was seen in @entity1 with increasing @entity1540 count on a Holter (P<0.001). Proband status (hazard ratio, 7.7; 95% confidence interval, 2.8-22.5; P<0.001), >= 3 T-wave inversions (hazard ratio, 4.2; 95% confidence interval, 1.2-14.5; P=0.035), and male sex (hazard ratio, 1.8; 95% confidence interval, 1.2-2.8; P=0.004) were independent predictors of the first arrhythmic event on multivariable analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Pedigree evaluation, an ECG, and a Holter examination provide for comprehensive arrhythmic risk stratification in @entity1 with @entity4128 right @entity67 / @entity296 -associated mutations. We propose an approach to risk stratification based on these variables.

title: Risk stratification in @entity4128 right XXXX / @entity296 -associated desmosomal mutation carriers.

entities_list: @entity4128 :: ('MESH:D019571', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmogenic']

entities_list: @entity1164 :: ('MESH:D016757', 'Disease') :: ['sudden cardiac death']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity1540 :: ('MESH:D018879', 'Disease') :: ['premature ventricular complex']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular arrhythmias']

answer: @entity67 :: (MESH:D018754,Disease) :: ['ventricular dysplasia']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity2173 ( @entity2173 ) is an @entity74 characterized by abnormal sensitivity to sunlight which results in pigmentary changes, @entity8721 , @entity9284 . Additional @entity16 can be associated. The aim of our study was to analyze particularities of @entity16 of Tunisian @entity1 . METHOD: We conducted a retrospective study in 62 @entity1 suffering from @entity2173 included during the period 1992-2007. @entity1 were aged from 1 to 64 years (mean age: 17.6 +/- 11.4 years). Thirty @entity1 were female and 32 were male. The @entity1 had severe (n=16), variant (n=15) and moderate (n=31) @entity2173 . RESULTS: @entity16 were observed in 21 @entity1 (33.9%). @entity1032 was observed in 15 of the 21 @entity1 , @entity9917 in five, @entity76 in two, @entity21 in two, microcephalia in two, choreoatetosis in three cases and a @entity1897 in eight. No @entity16 was observed in the @entity2173 -variant @entity1 . @entity16 were more frequent in the @entity1 with moderate @entity2173 (n=17, 64.5%) than with severe @entity2173 (p=0.051). CONCLUSION: This difference in a group of Tunisian @entity1 confirms the heterogeneous nature of @entity2173 and is probably due to genetic heterogeneity.

title: [ XXXX in @entity2173 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity9917 :: ('MESH:C538104', 'Disease') :: ['pyramidal syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['Mental retardation']

entities_list: @entity8721 :: ('MESH:D013684', 'Disease') :: ['telangiectases']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological disorder', 'Neurological abnormalities', 'neurological complications', 'neurological abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity2173 :: ('MESH:D014983', 'Disease') :: ['XP', 'Xeroderma pigmentosum']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity9284 :: ('MESH:D007642', 'Disease') :: ['keratoses and eventually carcinomata']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['autosomal recessive disease']

entities_list: @entity76 :: ('MESH:D002526', 'Disease') :: ['cerebellar syndrome']

entities_list: @entity21 :: ('MESH:D001480', 'Disease') :: ['extrapyramidal syndrome']

answer: @entity16 :: (MESH:D009422,Disease) :: ['Neurological abnormalities']


abstract: LMH-2A is an @entity172 -responsive avian @entity157 cell line whose susceptibility to cationic-lipid-mediated transfection is poorly described. 3 beta[N-N',N'-dimethylaminoethane)-carbamoyl] @entity165 ( @entity18040 ) requires a one-step synthesis, and can be used to formulate transfection-grade liposomes when combined with @entity23209 ( @entity23210 ) 1/1 (wt/wt). Luciferase activities in @entity1573 cells were 8.5-fold and 87.5-fold greater than those in HepG2 and FTO2B cells, respectively, following @entity18040 -liposome-mediated transfection with a reporter consisting of the @entity4538 immediate-early promoter ( @entity2834 ), joined to Photinus pyralis luciferase (L) cDNA, designated pCMVL. Using pCMVL, N-(2-bromoethyl)-N,N-dimethyl-2,3-bis(9-octadecenyloxy)-propana minimun bromide) (BMOP)/DOPE 1/1 (wt/wt), at a 7.5:1 ratio with DNA, produced luciferase activities that were 2.9-fold higher than those of @entity18040 -liposomes, at an optimal 10:1 lipid:DNA ratio. At optimal lipid:DNA ratios, commercially available liposomes, @entity42308 , @entity496 , and Lipofectin, produced luciferase activities that were 1.39, 1.03, and 0.47-fold those of @entity18040 -liposomes. The effect of 0, 10, 100, or 500 nM/L 17 @entity10769 on the expression of pCMVL and a second luciferase reporter containing the -593/+48 promoter region of the @entity172 -responsive avian apo VLDL-II gene, designated pApoL, was tested in cells cultured in the presence or absence of 10% chicken serum. The @entity2834 promoter supported a high level of expression in @entity1573 cells that was unaffected by serum alone, but was weakly responsive to @entity172 . @entity172 responses of both reporters reached a plateau at 10 nM/L. @entity172 increased the expression of pApoL 24-fold and 79-fold in the absence and presence of serum, respectively. The -593/+48 region of the apo VLDL-II promoter may not contain previously reported negative insulin response elements, but chicken serum contains factors that enhance @entity172 responsiveness of this region.

title: Transfection of avian @entity1573 XXXX cells with cationic lipids.

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen', 'Estrogen']

entities_list: @entity496 :: ('MESH:C086724', 'Chemical') :: ['Lipofectamine']

entities_list: @entity4538 :: ('10359', 'Species') :: ['human cytomegalovirus']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['hepatoma']

entities_list: @entity10769 :: ('CHEBI:16469', 'Chemical') :: ['beta-estradiol']

entities_list: @entity42308 :: ('MESH:C061134', 'Chemical') :: ['Transfectam']

entities_list: @entity23209 :: ('MESH:C094877', 'Chemical') :: ['dioleoylphosphatidyl-ethanolamine']

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['hepatoma']


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine how CancerGuides  , an integrative @entity5 care training program, would affect @entity1 ' perception of their professional skills, their mood, use of self care and mind-body modalities, and the acceptance of integrative @entity5 care at their institutions. STUDY DESIGN: Qualitative and quantitative measures were used during the training program and at 6-month follow-up. A focus group met before and after the training, and individual interviews of focus group @entity1 were done at follow-up. METHODS: The week-long program consisted of lectures that provided information on integrating conventional and complementary therapies into individualized programs of @entity5 care. Small group sessions used mind-body techniques to allow @entity1 to understand the dilemmas faced by @entity5 @entity1 . A self-report survey was administered at the training program and at 6-month follow-up. The survey included questions on the personal and professional use of modalities and on @entity1 ' sense of how well they met the course objectives. Qualitative questions addressed self-care, changes in clinical practice, and the acceptance of integrative therapies by their institutions. The Profile of Mood States was administered before and after the training. RESULTS: Six months after the training, there was a significant increase in the use and/or recommendation of complementary and alternative medicine modalities in clinical practice and a significant increase in the personal practice of these modalities. @entity1 ' perceived level of skill for all of the course objectives was significantly increased following the training and was maintained at 6-month follow-up. There were significant reductions in the Anger-Hostility and Tension-Anxiety subscale scores of the Profile of Mood States questionnaire. In response to qualitative questions, @entity1 reported positive changes in @entity1 care and in their clinical practices at 6-month follow-up. The subset of @entity1 in the focus group interviews reported similar improvements. Thirty-five percent of those responding at follow-up reported an increase in acceptance of integrative @entity5 therapies at their institutions, and 77% reported making positive changes in self-care. CONCLUSIONS: Cancer-Guides provided training that allowed @entity1 to enhance personal self-care, to interact more effectively with their @entity1 , and to develop programs of integrative @entity5 care.

title: Effectiveness of CancerGuides a study of an integrative XXXX care training program for health professionals.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'patient', 'Participants']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate the rhythm and predictability of the need for retreatment with intravitreal injections of ranibizumab for neovascular age-related @entity1020 (nAMD). METHODS: This prospective study enrolled 39 @entity1 with treatment-na  ve nAMD. After three loading doses of intravitreal ranibizumab, @entity1 underwent an intensified follow-up for 12 months (initially weekly, then with stepwise increases to every 2 weeks and to monthly after each injection). @entity1 were retreated on an as-needed basis if any fluid or increased central retinal thickness (CRT) (>50  m) was found on spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT). Statistical analysis included @entity1 who received at least two retreatments (five injections). RESULTS: A mean of 7.5 injections (range 0-12) were given between months 3 and 15. The mean visual acuity increased by 13.1 and 12.6 ETDRS letters at months 12 and 15 respectively. Two or more injection-retreatment intervals were found in 31 @entity1 . The variability of their intra-individual intervals up to 14 weeks was small (SD 0-2.13 weeks), revealing a high regularity of the retreatment rhythm. The SD was correlated with the mean interval duration (r = 0.89, p < 0.001). The first interval was a good predictor of the following intervals (regression coefficient =0.81). One retreatment criterion was stable in 97 % of @entity1 (cysts or subretinal fluid). CONCLUSION: The results of this study demonstrate a high intra-individual predictability of retreatment need with ranibizumab injections for nAMD. These findings may be helpful for developing individualized treatment plans for maintained suppression of disease activity with a minimum of injections and visits.

title: Prospective study evaluating the predictability of need for retreatment with intravitreal ranibizumab for age-related XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity1020 :: ('MESH:D008268', 'Disease') :: ['macular degeneration']

answer: @entity1020 :: (MESH:D008268,Disease) :: ['macular degeneration']


abstract: Gonad-stimulating substance (GSS) of starfish is the only known invertebrate peptide hormone responsible for final gamete maturation, rendering it functionally analogous to the vertebrate luteinizing hormone (LH). Here, we purified GSS of starfish, @entity7512 , from radial nerves and determined its @entity535 sequence. The purified GSS was a heterodimer composed of 2 different peptides, A and B chains, with @entity1520 cross-linkages. Based on its @entity462 motif, starfish GSS was classified as a member of the insulin/insulin-like growth factor (IGF)/relaxin superfamily. The cDNA of GSS encodes a preprohormone sequence with a C peptide between the A and B chains. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that starfish GSS was a relaxin-like peptide. Chemically synthesized GSS induced not only oocyte maturation and ovulation in isolated ovarian fragments, but also unique spawning behavior, followed by release of gametes shortly after the injection. Importantly, the action of the synthetic GSS on oocyte maturation and ovulation was mediated through the production of @entity268 by isolated ovarian follicle cells, thereby producing the maturation-inducing hormone of this species, @entity20607 . In situ hybridization showed the transcription of GSS to occur in the periphery of radial nerves at the side of tube feet. Together, the structure, sequence, and mode of signal transduction strongly suggest that GSS is closely related to the vertebrate relaxin.

title: A relaxin-like peptide purified from radial nerves induces oocyte maturation and ovulation in the starfish, XXXX .

entities_list: @entity462 :: ('MESH:D003545', 'Chemical') :: ['cysteine']

entities_list: @entity20607 :: ('MESH:C008407', 'Chemical') :: ['1-methyladenine']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity1520 :: ('CHEBI:48343', 'Chemical') :: ['disulfide']

entities_list: @entity7512 :: ('7594', 'Species') :: ['Asterina pectinifera']

answer: @entity7512 :: (7594,Species) :: ['Asterina pectinifera']


abstract: @entity4021 virus (FMDV) leader proteinase (L(pro)) cleaves itself from the viral polyprotein and cleaves the translation initiation factor eIF4G. As a result, host cell translation is inhibited, affecting the host innate immune response. We have demonstrated that L(pro) is also associated with degradation of nuclear factor kB (NF-kB), a process that requires L(pro) nuclear localization. Additionally, we reported that disruption of a conserved protein domain within the L(pro) coding sequence, SAP mutation, prevented L(pro) nuclear retention and degradation of NF-kB, resulting in in vitro attenuation. Here we report that inoculation of @entity1707 with this SAP-mutant virus does not cause clinical signs of disease, @entity646 , or virus shedding even when inoculated at doses 100-fold higher than those required to cause disease with @entity778 . Remarkably, SAP-mutant virus-inoculated animals developed a strong neutralizing antibody response and were completely protected against challenge with WT FMDV as early as 2 days postinoculation and for at least 21 days postinoculation. Early protection correlated with a distinct pattern in the serum levels of proinflammatory cytokines in comparison to the levels detected in animals inoculated with WT FMDV that developed disease. In addition, animals inoculated with the FMDV SAP mutant displayed a memory T cell response that resembled @entity778 . Our results suggest that L(pro) plays a pivotal role in modulating several pathways of the immune response. Furthermore, manipulation of the L(pro) coding region may serve as a viable strategy to derive live attenuated strains with potential for development as effective vaccines against @entity4021 .

title: Inoculation of XXXX with @entity4021 induces early protection against disease.

entities_list: @entity778 :: ('MESH:D015658', 'Disease') :: ['wild-type (WT) virus', 'infection with WT virus']

entities_list: @entity4021 :: ('MESH:D005536', 'Disease') :: ['foot-and-mouth disease', 'Foot-and-mouth disease']

answer: @entity1707 :: (9823,Species) :: ['swine']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity191 ( @entity191 ) is a @entity179 , caused by the gradual loss of cells in substantia nigra. @entity842 (NO) plays an important role in a variety of signal transduction pathways that are crucial for maintaining the physiologic functions of nervous system. The aims of this study are: 1) To investigate the expression of the inducible form of NO ( @entity13633 ), and compare it to neuronal @entity842 ( @entity17693 ) in the brain of a chronic @entity19 model of @entity191 and 2) To study the effect of endurance exercise training on the expression of these markers. METHOD: @entity19 models of @entity191 were obtained using 10 doses of @entity5212 ( @entity5212 ) (25 mg/kg) and probenecid (250 mg/kg) over 5 weeks. Forty C57BL /6 albino @entity19 were randomly divided into four groups: sedentary control (SC, N = 10), exercise control (EC, N = 10), sedentary @entity191 (SPD, N = 10), @entity1726 ( @entity1726 , N = 10). At the end of training program, @entity17693 and @entity13633 were evaluated in the striatum in all animal groups using immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: @entity17693 showed significant increases in striatum (ST) of SPD @entity19 compared to SC @entity19 (P > 0.03). There was also decreased expression of @entity17693 in EC group compared to SC @entity19 , but this decrease was not significant (P > 0.8). Exercise training significantly decreased the level of @entity17693 in the @entity1726 compared to SPD, (P > 0.04). Although, @entity13633 expression followed almost the same trend as @entity17693 , but exercise training did not significantly decrease the expression of @entity13633 in both EC and @entity1726 groups, P > 0.2 and 0.3 respectively. DISCUSSION: The data from this study suggests that 4 weeks of treadmill exercise has a positive impact on the expression of @entity17693 and @entity13633 in the striatum of a @entity191 model. This might clear in part the pathogenicity of the diseases and the positive impact of training on @entity191 .

title: Endurance exercise training protects against the upregulation of @entity842 in the striatum of @entity5212 /probenecid XXXX model of @entity191 .

entities_list: @entity5212 :: ('MESH:D015632', 'Chemical') :: ['MPTP', '1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease", 'PD']

entities_list: @entity1726 :: ('OMIM:168600', 'Disease') :: ['exercise PD', 'EPD']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['Nitric oxide', 'nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['neurodegenerative disorder']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: @entity9394 ( @entity14512 ) is an endogenous ligand for the cannabinoid receptors with a variety of potent biological activities. In this study, we first examined the effects of @entity972 -induced depolarization on the level of @entity14512 in @entity35 brain synaptosomes. We found that a significant amount of @entity14512 was generated in the synaptosomes following depolarization. Notably, depolarization did not affect the levels of other molecular species of @entity5297 . Furthermore, the level of @entity9393 was very low and did not change markedly following depolarization. It thus appeared that the depolarization-induced accelerated generation is a unique feature of @entity14512 . We obtained evidence that phospholipase C is involved in the generation of @entity14512 in depolarized synaptosomes: @entity4385 , a phospholipase C inhibitor, markedly reduced the depolarization-induced generation of @entity14512 , and the level of @entity2366 was rapidly elevated following depolarization. A significant amount of @entity14512 was released from synaptosomes upon depolarization. Interestingly, treatment of the synaptosomes with @entity351 , a @entity13677 receptor antagonist, augmented the release of @entity2227 from depolarized synaptosomes. These results strongly suggest that the endogenous ligand for the cannabinoid receptors, i.e. @entity14512 , generated through increased phospholipid metabolism upon depolarization, plays an important role in attenuating @entity2227 release from the synaptic terminals by acting on the @entity13677 receptor.

title: Depolarization-induced rapid generation of @entity9394 , an endogenous cannabinoid receptor ligand, in XXXX brain synaptosomes.

entities_list: @entity2366 :: ('CHEBI:41847', 'Chemical') :: ['diacylglycerol']

entities_list: @entity2227 :: ('CHEBI:29987', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamate']

entities_list: @entity9394 :: ('MESH:C094503', 'Chemical') :: ['2-arachidonoylglycerol']

entities_list: @entity9393 :: ('MESH:C078814', 'Chemical') :: ['anandamide']

entities_list: @entity5297 :: ('MESH:D050178', 'Chemical') :: ['monoacylglycerols']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We investigated whether the prevalence of primary @entity10 was higher in @entity1 with primary @entity244 ( @entity244 ) than in healthy individuals. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included 71 @entity1 with @entity244 ( @entity1 ) based on the American European Consensus Classification criteria, and 71 age- and gender-matched healthy subjects (controls). Headaches were classified according to the International Classification of @entity2794 . We measured @entity308 with the Beck Depression Inventory, and @entity1295 with the Fatigue Severity Scale. RESULTS: Fifty-one @entity1 and 42 controls had @entity10 in the previous 12   months (71.8% vs. 59.2%, P   =   0.10). Thirty-eight @entity1 and 28 controls had @entity2701 ( @entity2701 ) (53.5% vs. 39.4%, P   =   0.12). Eight @entity1 (11.3%) and one control had chronic @entity2701 (P   =   0.05). @entity2704 and @entity2704 with aura were equally prevalent in @entity1 (26.8% and 11.3%, respectively) and controls (28.2% and 15.5%, respectively; P   =   0.61). CONCLUSIONS: In general, @entity1 did not have more @entity2704 or @entity10 than controls. However, @entity1 had more chronic @entity2701 than controls. Chronic @entity2701 were not associated with @entity244 -related autoantibodies, @entity1295 , @entity308 , abnormalities on magnetic resonance imaging or abnormalities in the cerebrospinal fluid. @entity1 with @entity244 did, however, have higher @entity308 and @entity1295 scores than controls.

title: @entity10 in primary XXXX : a population-based retrospective cohort study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity2704 :: ('MESH:D008881', 'Disease') :: ['Migraines', 'migraines']

entities_list: @entity2794 :: ('MESH:D020773', 'Disease') :: ['Headache Disorders']

entities_list: @entity244 :: ('MESH:D014899', 'Disease') :: ["Sj  gren's syndrome", 'PSS']

entities_list: @entity2701 :: ('MESH:D018781', 'Disease') :: ['TTHs', 'tension type headaches']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headaches']

answer: @entity244 :: (MESH:D014899,Disease) :: ['Sj  gren's syndrome']


abstract: The @entity19 model of mycotic @entity1271 was used to study the efficacy of @entity2379 ( @entity11015 ). Twenty-four BALB/cJ @entity19 at the fifth day of lactation were anesthetized and inoculated through the teat canal (two glands) with 50 microl suspension containing 5.0 x 10(7) cfu ml(-1) @entity5132 blastospores. @entity19 were randomly divided into two groups: untreated controls and @entity11015 treated. Animals were euthanized 3 and 6 days after @entity281 and treatment (4 mg kg(-1) per day intraperitoneally). The fungal burden of the mammary gland was determined by quantitative cultures. The number of @entity5132 cells recovered from mammary gland homogenates were significantly lower in the @entity11015 treated animals (both 3 and 6 days post- @entity281 ) than in the untreated controls (P<0.007 and P<0.003, respectively). The mammary glands of all untreated control animals showed marked @entity2617 , severe @entity39 , and presence of blastospores, hyphae and pseudohyphae. In contrast, 10 of 12 animals treated with @entity11015 showed only a mild @entity2617 which was restricted to alveoli and excretory ducts. All extra-mammary organs were free of @entity281 in both groups. The results demonstrate that the @entity19 mycotic @entity1271 model is suitable for investigations of new antifungal compounds. In addition, this model is more lenient than the @entity6923 models.

title: Experimental @entity19 mycotic XXXX : a sensitive and lenient model for studies of antifungal chemotherapy.

entities_list: @entity6923 :: ('MESH:C536777', 'Disease') :: ['systemic candidiasis']

entities_list: @entity2379 :: ('MESH:D000666', 'Chemical') :: ['amphotericin B']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity2617 :: ('MESH:D017254', 'Disease') :: ['neutrophilic infiltration']

entities_list: @entity5132 :: ('5476', 'Species') :: ['Candida albicans', 'C. albicans']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

answer: @entity1271 :: (MESH:D008413,Disease) :: ['mastitis']


abstract: Adhesion of @entity5 cells to vascular endothelium is an important step in haematogenous @entity3 of @entity5 . A @entity1 @entity157 cell line, HepG2, strongly adheres to @entity1 umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) through the interaction of @entity4105 and its @entity1735 ligand sialyl Lewis X. In this study, we investigated alteration in integrin expression on HepG2 cells, which follows the selectin-mediated initial @entity1104 of HepG2 cells to HUVECs. Expression of alpha2beta1 integrin was markedly increased when the HepG2 cells adhered to HUVECs. Among the tested cytokines that are known to be produced by endothelial cells, recombinant hepatocyte growth factor (rHGF) could replace the effect of HUVECs, and a similar increase in integrin expression was observed by the addition of 20 ng ml-1 rHGF to HepG2. The increment of alpha2beta1 integrin expression was significantly inhibited by anti- @entity18942 neutralizing antibody treatment. HepG2 cells expressed alpha2, alpha6, beta1, and beta4 integrin subunits, but expression of integrins other than alpha2beta1 was not affected by the rHGF treatment. The rHGF treatment of HepG2 cells resulted in augmented @entity1104 to immobilized collagen. This augmentation in @entity1104 to collagen was completely blocked by the addition of anti-alpha2- or anti- @entity2393 antibody. In double-chamber chemoinvasion experiments, transmigration of the HepG2 cells through extracellular matrix (ECM) gel was significantly accelerated by co-cultivation with HUVECs. A similar level of enhancement in transmigration activity of the @entity5 cells was observed by the addition of rHGF. Our interpretation of the results described above is that the @entity5 cells received stimulation from cytokines, such as @entity18942 , presented by vascular endothelial cells, following the initial @entity1104 of @entity5 cells via selectins. This resulted in the secondary increment in the expression of cell @entity1104 molecules, such as the alpha2beta1 integrin, and led to the augmented adhesive activities of @entity5 cells towards extracellular matrices at vascular walls. We suggest that this sequence of events is involved in the facilitated migration of some @entity5 cells to extravascular tissues.

title: Involvement of hepatocyte growth factor in increased integrin expression on HepG2 cells triggered by XXXX to endothelial cells.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']

answer: @entity1104 :: (MESH:D000267,Disease) :: ['adhesion']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We studied the usefulness of nuclear DNA patterns and argyrophylic nucleolar organizer regions (AgNORs) for evaluating the malignant potential of @entity14 , which is increasingly being regarded as important in predicting @entity1 ' prognosis and for their appropriate postoperative management. METHODS: We measured these two factors in curatively resected specimens of 91 @entity14 cases, which were followed up for 1,549 +/- 788 days postoperatively. Ploidy pattern was either diploid or aneuploid, and AgNORs score was either low ( @entity8433 ) or high ( @entity8682 ). Thus, we classified our cases into Group I (diploid, @entity8433 ). Group II (aneuploid, @entity8433 ), Group III (diploid, @entity8682 ), and Group IV (aneuploid, @entity8682 ). Postoperative survival curves in the cases belonging to these groups were analyzed. RESULTS: Survival rates in Groups I and II were significantly higher than those in Group IV. Correlation between subgroups and clinicopathological factors such as average age, histologic type, depth of invasion, and histologic stage were observed. Incidence of lymph node @entity3 at the time of operation and that of postoperative recurrence were higher in group IV than that in groups I and II. CONCLUSIONS: Measurement of DNA ploidy patterns and AgNORs score were found to be useful in evaluating malignant potential of @entity14 .

title: Clinical study of the relationship between cytological behavior and postoperative prognosis in XXXX cases with special reference to nuclear DNA content and nucleolar organizer regions.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancers', 'colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: 1. Experiments were undertakn on strips of @entity1 @entity121 , on right ventricular @entity95 papillary muscles and on the @entity95 interventricular septum. 2. In all preparations an increase of developed @entity2701 after 30 min exposure to ouabain was apparent only at or above a concentration of 10(-7) mol/l (73 micrograms/l). 3. In the @entity95 septum there was a net loss of @entity972 on exposure to ouabain if the concentration was greater than 10(-7) mol/l. There was no net loss, or gain, of @entity972 at lower concentrations. Loss of @entity972 , indicating inhibition of the @entity1372 pump, could not be dissociated from the positive inotropic effect of ouabain. 4. The greater sensitivity to ouabain of @entity1 myocardium in vivo (10(-8) mol/l) than in vitro (10(-7) mol/l) may be due to cellular changes occurring in isolated preparations.

title: Effect of ouabain in therapeutic concentrations on K+ exchange and contraction of XXXX and @entity95 myocardium.

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['atrial and ventricular muscle']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: Importance: The optimal management for elderly @entity1 with @entity463 ( @entity463 ) is controversial. Following maximal safe resection or biopsy, accepted treatment paradigms for elderly @entity1 with @entity463 include combined-modality therapy (CMT) with both radiotherapy (RT) and @entity7730 ( @entity7730 ), RT alone, and @entity7730 alone. Objective: To evaluate the @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) outcomes associated with RT, @entity7730 , and CMT for elderly @entity1 with @entity463 in the modern temozolomide @entity7971 . Design, Setting, and @entity1 : In this retrospective cohort study of a prospectively maintained, multi-institutional national @entity5 registry, the National @entity5 Database was queried for elderly @entity1 (>= 65 years) with newly diagnosed @entity463 from January 1, 2005, through December 31, 2011, with complete data sets for RT, @entity7730 , @entity5 resection, Charlson-Deyo comorbidity scores, age, sex, and year of diagnosis. Data analysis was performed from October 2015 through December 2015. Interventions: Combined-modality therapy, RT, @entity7730 . Main Outcomes and Measures: Survival by treatment cohort was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and analyzed using the log rank test, univariate and multivariate Cox models, and propensity score-matched analyses. Results: A total of 16   717 @entity1 (median [range] age, 73 [65->= 90 y]; 8870 [53%] male) were identified. The median @entity1349 by treatment was 9.0 (95% CI, 8.8-9.3) months with CMT (8435 @entity1 ), 4.7 (95% CI, 4.5-5.0) months with RT alone (1693 @entity1 ), 4.3 (95% CI, 4.0-4.7) months with @entity7730 alone (1018 @entity1 ), and 2.8 (95% CI, 2.8-2.9) months with no therapy (5571 @entity1 ) (P   <   .001). On multivariate analysis, CMT was superior to both @entity7730 alone (hazard ratio, 1.50 [95% CI, 1.40-1.60]; P   <   .001) and RT alone (hazard ratio, 1.47 [95% CI, 1.39-1.55]; P   <   .001), whereas no differences were observed between @entity7730 alone vs RT alone (P   =   .60). Propensity score-matched analyses redemonstrated improved @entity1349 with CMT over @entity7730 alone (P   =   .002) and RT alone (P   <   .001); no differences were observed between @entity7730 alone vs RT alone (P   =   .44). On subgroup analyses, a consistent @entity1349 advantage was observed with CMT over both @entity7730 alone and RT alone across each age stratification (65-69, 70-74, 75-79, and >= 80 years) and among @entity1 treated with or without @entity5 resection (all P   <   .001). Conclusions and Relevance: In this analysis of multimodality therapy for elderly @entity1 with @entity463 , @entity1349 was superior with CMT compared with @entity7730 alone and RT alone. Survival was similar between @entity7730 alone and RT alone, and both @entity7730 alone and RT alone were superior to no therapy. This analysis supports the use of CMT for suitable elderly candidates.

title: Combined-Modality Therapy With Radiation and Chemotherapy for Elderly @entity1 With @entity463 in the Temozolomide @entity7971 : A National XXXX Database Analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity7730 :: ('MESH:D064146', 'Disease') :: ['CT', 'chemotherapy']

entities_list: @entity463 :: ('MESH:D005909', 'Disease') :: ['GBM', 'glioblastoma']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Studying the imaging and histopathologic characteristics of thrombi in @entity385 could provide insights into @entity64 etiology and ideal treatment strategies. We conducted a systematic review of imaging and histologic characteristics of thrombi in acute @entity385 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: We identified all studies published between January 2005 and December 2015 that reported findings related to histologic and/or imaging characteristics of thrombi in acute @entity385 secondary to large vessel occlusion. The five outcomes examined in this study were (1) association between histologic composition of thrombi and @entity64 etiology; (2) association between histologic composition of thrombi and angiographic outcomes; (3) association between thrombi imaging and histologic characteristics; (4) association between thrombi imaging characteristics and angiographic outcomes; and (5) association between imaging characteristics of thrombi and @entity64 etiology. A meta-analysis was performed using a random effects model. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in the proportion of red blood cell (RBC)-rich thrombi between cardioembolic and large artery @entity731 etiologies (OR 1.62, 95% CI 0.1 to 28.0, p=0.63). @entity1 with a hyperdense artery sign had a higher odds of having RBC-rich thrombi than those without a hyperdense artery sign (OR 9.0, 95% CI 2.6 to 31.2, p<0.01). @entity1 with a good angiographic outcome had a mean thrombus Hounsfield unit (HU) of 55.1  3.1 compared with a mean HU of 48.4  1.9 for @entity1 with a poor angiographic outcome (mean standard difference 6.5, 95% CI 2.7 to 10.2, p<0.001). There was no association between imaging characteristics and @entity64 etiology (OR 1.13, 95% CI 0.32 to 4.00, p=0.85). CONCLUSIONS: The hyperdense artery sign is associated with RBC-rich thrombi and improved recanalization rates. However, there was no association between the histopathological characteristics of thrombi and @entity64 etiology and angiographic outcomes.

title: Correlation of imaging and histopathology of thrombi in acute XXXX with etiology and outcome: a systematic review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity385 :: (MESH:D002544,Disease) :: ['ischemic stroke']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We sought to further elucidate the survival impact of cytoreductive surgery among @entity1 with @entity694 metastatic to the ovary. METHODS: All @entity1 diagnosed with primary @entity694 metastatic to the ovary at a single institution from 1980 to 2005 were retrospectively identified. Survival analyses and comparisons were performed using Kaplan-Meier plots and the log rank test. RESULTS: A total of 39 @entity1 with 40 cases of @entity694 metastatic to the ovary were identified. @entity1 with @entity3 confined to the ovaries (n=11) had a median @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) time of 61 months (range 15-120) compared to 17 months (range 0.5-73) for those with more extensive @entity3 (n=24) (p=0.0428). @entity1 undergoing optimal cytoreduction (residual < or =1 cm) had a median progression-free survival (PFS) of 11 months (range 0.5-120, n=26) compared to 2.5 months (range 0.5-12, n=9) for those receiving suboptimal cytoreduction (p=0.0001). Optimal cytoreduction was also associated with a significantly longer median @entity1349 (35 months, range 0.5-120) compared to suboptimal cytoreduction (median @entity1349 =7 months, range=0.5-17) (p<0.0001). The peri-operative mortality rate was 5%. Significant morbidity occurred in 10% of the cases. All major complications occurred in @entity1 with @entity66 who underwent extensive cytoreductive surgery. CONCLUSIONS: The observation that optimal cytoreduction was associated with prolonged PFS and @entity1349 in both @entity1 with localized ovarian and widespread @entity3 of @entity694 suggests a role for surgical management of metastatic @entity694 in @entity1 .

title: The role of cytoreductive surgery for XXXX metastatic to the ovary.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['diffuse disease']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases', 'metastatic disease']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon cancer']

answer: @entity694 :: (MESH:D003110,Disease) :: ['colon cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The temperature-dependent alteration of flagellar motility gene expression is critical for the food-borne pathogen, @entity5125 , to respond to a changing environment. In this study, a genetic determinant ( @entity41816 ) encoding a putative protein that is structurally similar to the @entity5259 alkylbase DNA glycosylase (AlkD) was identified. This determinant was involved in the transcriptional repression of flagellar motility genes and was named adlp (AlkD-like Protein, Adlp). Deletion of adlp activated the expression of flagellar motility genes at 37  C and disrupted the temperature-dependent inhibition of @entity5125 motility. The adlp null strains demonstrated decreased survivability in @entity19 macrophage-like RAW264.7 cells and less virulence in @entity19 . Furthermore, the deletion of adlp significantly decreased biofilm formation and impaired the survivability of bacteria under several stress conditions, including the presence of a DNA alkylation compound ( @entity10842 ), an oxidative agent ( @entity5568 ), and @entity5292 antibiotics. Our findings strongly suggest that adlp may encode a bi-functional protein that transcriptionally represses the expression of flagellar motility genes and influences stress responses through its DNA glycosylase activity. IMPORTANCE: We discovered a novel protein named AlkD-like Protein (Adlp). This protein affected flagellar motility, biofilm formation and virulence. Our data suggest that adlp may be a bi-functional protein that represses flagellar motility genes and influences stress responses through its DNA glycosylase activity.

title: The DNA glycosylase, Adlp Affects Flagellar Motility, Biofilm Formation, Virulence, and Stress Response in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity10842 :: ('MESH:D008741', 'Chemical') :: ['methyl methanesulfonate']

entities_list: @entity5125 :: ('1639', 'Species') :: ['Listeria monocytogenes', 'L. monocytogenes']

entities_list: @entity5292 :: ('D000617', 'Chemical') :: ['aminoglycoside']

entities_list: @entity5259 :: ('1396', 'Species') :: ['Bacillus cereus']

answer: @entity5125 :: (1639,Species) :: ['Listeria monocytogenes']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Mortality rates after severe @entity295 are extremely high, and the main focus of most research is short-term mortality, which may not be associated with long-term outcomes. The purpose of this study was to examine long-term mortality after a severe @entity295 and identify factors associated with this mortality. METHODS: The authors performed a population-based study using Veterans' Affairs administrative data of @entity1 aged 65 years and older. The outcome of interest was mortality > 90 days following hospitalization. Our primary analyses were Cox proportional hazard models to examine specific risk factors for long-term mortality. RESULTS: There were 2,727 @entity1 that met the inclusion criteria. Overall mortality was 55%, and 1- and 2-year mortality rates were 31% and 43%, respectively. Factors significantly associated with long-term mortality included @entity712 , @entity1095 , @entity303 , @entity6 with complications and use of mechanical ventilation. Smoking cessation and cardiac medications were associated with decreased long-term mortality rates. CONCLUSIONS: The authors identified several factors, including receipt of mechanical ventilation, which were significantly associated with increased long-term mortality for survivors of severe @entity295 . This information will help clinicians discuss prognosis with @entity1 and their families.

title: Predictors of long-term mortality after severe XXXX in the elderly.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1095 :: ('MESH:D016491', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral vascular disease']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

answer: @entity295 :: (MESH:D018805,Disease) :: ['sepsis']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity1028 ( @entity1028 ) of 55 mm diameter or growth >5 mm in 6 months are commonly accepted treatment criteria. The aim of this study was to establish the outcome of @entity439 that met the treatment criteria but not the operative requirements. MATERIAL AND METHODS: @entity1 (n = 154) who were declined from operative care of AAA in @entity580 ( @entity580 ) during 2000-2010 were retrospectively analysed. Reasons for exclusion were identified. The follow-up period extended until the end of April 2012. The rupture rate and mortality were determined. The @entity1 were analysed according to the @entity439 diameter: 55-60, 61-70 and >70 mm. RESULTS: The reasons for exclusion from operative treatment were cardiorespiratory co-morbidities in 33%, @entity5 in 8%, overall condition in 33% and @entity1 's choice in 21% of the @entity1 . Regardless of the size of the @entity439 , the cause of @entity204 was @entity1756 in 43%, which was confirmed either in hospital or in autopsy for 76% of the @entity1 . Of the @entity1756 , 12 were operated of which five survived. CONCLUSIONS: A @entity1756 is the most common cause of @entity204 among @entity1 unfit for surgery; this should be considered in the preoperative evaluation process, especially since 5 of the 12 @entity1 survived the ruptured AAA (RAAA) operation.

title: The natural course of XXXX that meet the treatment criteria but not the operative requirements.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms', 'aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity580 :: ('MESH:D003428', 'Disease') :: ['HUCH', 'Helsinki University Central Hospital']

entities_list: @entity1028 :: ('MESH:D017544', 'Disease') :: ['Abdominal aortic aneurysms', 'AAAs']

entities_list: @entity1756 :: ('MESH:D017542', 'Disease') :: ['ruptured aneurysms', 'aneurysm rupture', 'ruptured aneurysm']

answer: @entity1028 :: (MESH:D017544,Disease) :: ['abdominal aortic aneurysms']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Genetic and environmental factors are important for the development of @entity1561 ( @entity1561 ). @entity1254 is a white and brown adipose tissue hormone, and have been found to play essential roles in the regulation of energy homoeostasis. Recent reports have identified a possible role of @entity1254 in @entity1561 via PPARy pathway. OBJECTIVES: The present study was designed to find out the impact of @entity1254 @entity4981 ( @entity39024 ) and @entity29124 ( @entity42884 ) gene polymorphisms in @entity1561 . @entity1 AND METHODS: Eighty-three @entity1 with diagnosis of @entity1561 , and 93 healthy subjects were included in the study. Tetra ARMS-PCR was designed to detect single nucleotide polymorphisms. RESULTS: A significant difference was found between @entity1561 and control group regarding the @entity29124 polymorphism (  2 = 7.35, P = 0.025). The @entity29124 polymorphism increased the risk of @entity1561 in codominant (CC vs. CG: OR = 2.18, 95% CI = 1.16 - 4.12, P = 0.016) and dominant (CC vs. CG/GG: OR = 2.31, 95% CI = 1.25 - 4.27; P = 0.008) inheritance tested models. The G allele increased the risk of @entity1561 (OR = 1.63, 95% CI = 1.03 - 2.57, P = 0.037) in comparison with C allele. No significant difference was found between the groups concerning @entity1254 @entity4981 gene polymorphism (  2 = 0.70, P = 0.697). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1254 @entity29124 polymorphism might be a candidate gene, which determines the susceptibility to @entity1561 . Larger studies are necessary to confirm these findings in various populations.

title: Association of @entity1254 XXXX and @entity29124 Gene Polymorphisms With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1254 :: ('9370', 'Gene') :: ['Adiponectin', 'adiponectin']

entities_list: @entity1561 :: ('MESH:D065626', 'Disease') :: ['NAFLD', 'nonalcoholic fatty liver disease']

answer: @entity4981 :: (rs1501299,SNP) :: ['rs1501299']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Achieving high antibiotic concentrations is important for preventing and treating @entity86 . However, no study has simultaneously compared the achieved concentrations of @entity3477 , @entity7046 , and @entity800 in the @entity1 @entity267 and @entity7462 . The authors therefore performed a randomized study to determine the concentrations of 0.5% @entity3477 , 0.3% @entity7046 , and 0.5% @entity800 in the corneal tissue and @entity7462 after topical instillation in @entity1 undergoing penetrating keratoplasty. METHODS: @entity1 who required penetrating keratoplasty were eligible for this study. The topical preparations of 0.5% @entity3477 , 0.3% @entity7046 , and 0.5% @entity800 used in the study were preservative free (Japanese formulations). @entity1 were randomly assigned to one of three sequential drug groups, in which each drug was administered three times before surgery. In each administration cycle, the @entity1 received two drops of each drug at 2-minute intervals. Samples of corneal tissue and @entity7462 were collected during surgery. The concentrations of each drug in the samples were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. RESULTS: A total of 63 @entity1 across eight centers in Japan were enrolled in the study. Overall, 61 corneal and 58 @entity7462 samples were evaluated. The concentration (mean  standard deviation) of @entity3477 in corneal tissues was 12.66  8.93  g/g, which was significantly higher than that of @entity7046 (4.71  3.39  g/g; P<0.0001) and @entity800 (5.95  4.02  g/g; P<0.0001). The mean concentration of @entity3477 in @entity7462 samples was 1.40  1.17  g/mL, which was significantly higher than that of @entity7046 (0.65  0.80  g/mL; P=0.0001) and @entity800 (0.89  0.86  g/mL; P<0.05). The sequence of drug administration did not significantly affect the results. CONCLUSION: These results show that 0.5% @entity3477 achieved superior ocular concentration than both 0.3% @entity7046 and 0.5% @entity800 .

title: Comparison of corneal and @entity7462 penetration of @entity3477 , @entity7046 and XXXX during keratoplasty.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity7046 :: ('MESH:C078049', 'Chemical') :: ['gatifloxacin']

entities_list: @entity3477 :: ('MESH:C104727', 'Chemical') :: ['moxifloxacin']

entities_list: @entity7462 :: ('MESH:C562390', 'Disease') :: ['aqueous humor']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative infections']

entities_list: @entity800 :: ('MESH:D015242', 'Chemical') :: ['levofloxacin']

answer: @entity800 :: (MESH:D015242,Chemical) :: ['levofloxacin']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Recent studies in @entity3124 @entity1 receiving insulin intravenous therapy (IIT) have shown an increased incidence of severe @entity4053 , while intermittent subcutaneous insulin   sliding scales   ( @entity7617 [ @entity7617 ]) is associated with @entity4854 . The objective of this study is to assess whether glycemic control range IIT can affect @entity413 levels and their variability and to compare it with @entity7617 . @entity1 AND METHOD: Prospective comparative cohort study in intensive care unit, with 2 study periods: Period 1, IIT with glycemic target range 110-140 mg/dL, and @entity5394 , IIT of 140-180 mg/dL. In both periods @entity7617 glycemic target was 110-180 mg/dL. We assessed severe @entity4053 (< 50 mg/dL), moderate @entity4053 (51-79 mg/dL), @entity4854 (> 216 mg/L) and the variability of blood @entity413 . RESULTS: We studied 221 @entity1 with 12.825 blood @entity413 determinations. Twenty-six and 17% of @entity1 required IIT for glycemic control in @entity5394 , respectively. @entity4053 was associated with a discontinuous nutritional intake, glycemic target 110-140 mg/dL and low body mass index (BMI) (P = .002). @entity4854 was exclusively associated with a history of @entity6 (OR 2.6 [95% CI 1.6 to 4.5]). Glycemic variability was associated with a discontinuous nutritional intake, low BMI, @entity7617 insulinization, @entity6 , elderly and high APACHE II (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: The use of IIT is useful to reduce the variability of blood @entity413 . Although the 140-180 mg/dL range would be more secure as to presenting greater variability and @entity4854 , the 110-140 mg/dL range is most suitable.

title: [The optimal blood @entity413 target in XXXX @entity1 : comparison of two intensive insulin therapy protocols].

entities_list: @entity7617 :: ('MESH:C563514', 'Disease') :: ['conventional insulin therapy', 'CIT']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity3124 :: ('MESH:D016638', 'Disease') :: ['critically ill']

entities_list: @entity4053 :: ('MESH:D007003', 'Disease') :: ['hypoglycemia', 'Hypoglycemia']

entities_list: @entity4854 :: ('MESH:D006943', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemia', 'Hyperglycemia']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity3124 :: (MESH:D016638,Disease) :: ['critically ill']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the changes in serum lipids, serum chemistry, blood pressure, and body weight in long-term users of subcutaneous contraceptive implants releasing the progestin @entity34192 . METHODS: The study was done in the outpatient clinic of the City Maternity Hospital, Helsinki, Finland. Subdermal implants releasing the progestin @entity34192 were inserted in 30 @entity1 for 2 years of use. Healthy @entity1 aged 19-35 used the implants for contraception. Measurements of body weight and blood pressure were made and blood samples for lipid analysis (total @entity165 , high-density lipoprotein @entity165 , low-density lipoprotein @entity165 , and @entity1674 ) and serum chemistry were taken before insertion of the implants and every 6 months thereafter until removal. Results are reported for 30 subjects after 6 months of use, 25 subjects after 12 months, 13 after 18 months, and 12 after 24 months. RESULTS: Blood pressure and serum chemistry, ie, liver enzymes and electrolytes, remained unchanged. Slight @entity1017 occurred, but was not statistically significant. No statistically significant changes were found in lipids or lipid ratios when comparing the values during use of the implant with the pre-treatment values. CONCLUSIONS: The progestin @entity34192 , used parenterally for contraception or @entity1871 therapy, had no adverse effects on serum lipids, blood pressure, or body weight, which are known to be risk factors for @entity453 . The @entity134 had no effects on serum chemistry determinations in long-term use.

title: Serum lipids, blood pressure, body weight, and serum chemistry in XXXX using subcutaneous contraceptive implants releasing the progestin @entity34192 .

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity1871 :: ('CHEBI:59826', 'Chemical') :: ['progestin']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['weight gain']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']