abstract: INTRODUCTION: Neuroinflammation and @entity66 ( @entity66 ) have been implicated in @entity73 and @entity195 ( @entity195 ). The present study aimed to examine serum inflammatory markers in preclinical stages of @entity303 and in @entity195 , as well as to investigate their associations with concomitant @entity66 . METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional case-control study including 96 @entity195 , 140 @entity73 ( @entity73 ), and 79 noncognitively impaired @entity1 . All subjects underwent neuropsychological and neuroimaging assessments, as well as collection of blood samples for measurements of serum samples interleukin (IL)-6, @entity687 , and @entity5 necrosis factor a levels. Subjects were classified as @entity73 or @entity303 based on clinical criteria. Significant @entity66 , including white-matter hyperintensities (WMHs), lacunes, and cortical @entity1188 , was assessed by magnetic resonance imaging. RESULTS: After controlling for covariates, higher concentrations of @entity687 , but not the other measured cytokines, were associated with both @entity73 and @entity195 only in the presence of significant @entity66 ( @entity73 with @entity66 : odds ratios [ORs] 4.53; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.5-13.4 and @entity195 with @entity66 : OR 7.26; 95% CI 1.2-43.3). Subsequent multivariate analyses showed that among the types of @entity66 assessed, only WMH was associated with higher @entity687 levels in @entity73 and @entity195 (WMH: OR 2.81; 95% CI 1.4-5.6). DISCUSSION: Serum @entity687 may have clinical utility as a biomarker for WMH in @entity195 . Longitudinal follow-up studies would help validate these findings.

title: Serum @entity687 is a marker of white-matter hyperintensities in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['cerebrovascular disease', 'CeVD']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment', 'cognitively impaired no dementia', 'CIND']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['AD', "Alzheimer's disease"]

answer: @entity195 :: (MESH:D000544,Disease) :: ['Alzheimer's disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Complete proximal hamstring @entity397 is a rare injury associated with significant functional loss. Nonoperative treatment has proven inadequate in returning @entity1 to their previous activity level. PURPOSE: We wanted to describe the outcome of primary surgical repair of the proximal hamstring tendon @entity155 . STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. METHODS: Between 1994 and 1999, 11 @entity1 (4 @entity1 and 7 @entity1 ) with an average age of 41.5 years (range, 21 to 51) had a diagnosis of complete proximal hamstring @entity397 based on mechanism of injury, physical examination, and radiographic assessment. All underwent a single operation followed by standard postoperative physical therapy. At the latest follow-up (average, 34 months), @entity1 completed a questionnaire regarding such outcome parameters as @entity158 , function, leg control, stiffness, return to activity, and overall satisfaction. RESULTS: Isokinetic muscle testing revealed an overall average of 91%return of hamstring muscle strength. Ten of 11 @entity1 were satisfied with the result, and 7 of 9 athletically active @entity1 were able to return to sport an average of 6 months (range, 3 to 10) after surgery. No difference between early and late repairs was identified in regard to functional outcome or return to sport. CONCLUSIONS: Satisfactory results can be achieved with both early and late hamstring tendon repairs in a majority of cases with surgical repair.

title: Surgical repair of complete proximal hamstring XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity397 :: ('MESH:D012421', 'Disease') :: ['tendon rupture']

entities_list: @entity155 :: ('MESH:D014084', 'Disease') :: ['avulsion']

answer: @entity397 :: (MESH:D012421,Disease) :: ['tendon rupture']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The essential oil of @entity22494 (EOPK) is biologically active compound obtained from the leaves of @entity22494 . The goal of this study was to investigate the anti- @entity5 mechanism of EOPK in HCT116 @entity14 cells. METHODS: HCT116 cell proliferation was assessed by conducting crystal violet and @entity1603 assays. To assess the effects of EOPK on cell migration, we performed a wound-healing assay. Further, the contribution of @entity14152 to EOPK-induced @entity584 and @entity3963 ( @entity3963 ) suppression was assessed by siRNA-mediated @entity14152 knockdown. Changes to the expression and phosphorylation of @entity14152 and its effectors were determined by western blotting, and changes to the actin cytoskeleton were determined by performing an immunofluorescence assay. RESULTS: EOPK significantly decreased HCT116 cell proliferation and migration, and induced @entity1167 without affecting normal cells. Additionally, EOPK suppressed the expression of @entity14152 , and decreased @entity3963 and @entity584 phosphorylation in HCT116 cells. Finally, EOPK suppressed @entity3546 , @entity4910 , and @entity20405 expression. CONCLUSIONS: Our studies indicate that EOPK significantly reduced proliferation and migration of @entity14 cells. Furthermore, EOPK suppressed @entity14152 expression in a dose-dependent manner, and this suppression of @entity14152 led to inhibition of @entity3963 , @entity584 , and @entity3546 activities. Our findings suggest that EOPK exerts its anticancer activity via the inhibition of @entity14152 expression, suggesting it may be a potent chemotherapeutic agent for @entity14 .

title: Essential oil of XXXX inhibits cell proliferation and migration via inhibition of p21-activated kinase 1 pathway in HCT116 @entity14 cells.

entities_list: @entity22494 :: ('88728', 'Species') :: ['Pinus koraiensis', 'P. koraiensis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity3963 :: ('5594', 'Gene') :: ['extracellular signal-regulated kinase', 'ERK']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity22494 :: (88728,Species) :: ['Pinus koraiensis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The utility and safety of b-blockers in @entity120 is controversial. Anecdotal reports suggest that b-blockers may be harmful in these @entity1 . The aim of our study was to evaluate outcomes of b-blocker use in @entity120 .We reviewed @entity1 from our @entity120 registry between 2000 and 2011. @entity1 who continued to use b-blockers were compared to those who never used b-blockers for all-cause mortality, time to clinical worsening events, defined as death, lung transplantation and hospitalisation due to @entity120 . We also evaluated the effect of b-blockers on 6-min walking distance and New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class.133 @entity1 used b-blockers and 375 @entity1 never used b-blockers. Mean  sd age was 57  16   years and the median follow-up period was 78   months. Propensity-matched analysis showed that the adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) for mortality with b-blocker use was 1.13 (0.69-1.82) and for clinical worsening events was 0.96 (0.55-1.68). No significant difference was noted in probability of survival and time to clinical worsening events. @entity1 on b-blockers walked a shorter distance on follow-up 6   min walk test; follow-up NYHA class was similar between groups. @entity120 @entity1 receiving b-blockers had a similar survival and time to clinical worsening events compared to @entity1 not receiving them. Functional outcomes were similar, although b-blocker use was associated with a tendency towards shorter walking distance.

title: Outcomes of b-blocker use in XXXX : a propensity-matched analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity120 :: ('MESH:D006976', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary hypertension', 'Pulmonary hypertension']

answer: @entity120 :: (MESH:D006976,Disease) :: ['pulmonary arterial hypertension']


abstract: The inactivation and conformational changes of porcine heart @entity880 dehydrogenase (LDH) have been studied in @entity3208 ( @entity214 ) solutions. Increasing @entity214 concentration led to a quick and concentration-dependent inhibition of the enzyme, with complete inactivation within 5 min in the presence of 1.0 mM @entity214 . Meanwhile, fluorescence emission and circular dichroism spectra were used to follow the conformational changes of the enzyme during this process, concurrently showing that @entity214 less than 1.0 mM induced only limited conformational changes to LDH. The above results are in accordance with the suggestion by Tsou (Trends Biochem. Sci. 11 (1986) 427; Science 262 (1993) 380) that the active site usually be more flexible than the enzyme molecule as a whole. Furthermore, the results of @entity2975 gel electrophoresis (PAGE) implied that unfolding intermediates were presented in the above process. When the @entity214 concentration used to treat LDH was increased, the bands of native enzyme on native PAGE faded and finally almost disappeared. Meanwhile, multiple bands with lower mobility but no activity emerged behind and enhanced correspondingly. Fast protein liquid chromatography indicated that dissociation occurred during the course of denaturation. The reasons for the above phenomena have been discussed. It was suggested that @entity214 , binding to LDH to form different LDH- @entity214 complexes, conferred an array of different unfolding states over the enzyme, and in turn resulted in the formation of the multiple bands on the native PAGE.

title: Inactivation and conformational changes of @entity880 dehydrogenase from porcine heart in XXXX solutions.

entities_list: @entity2975 :: ('CHEBI:51135', 'Chemical') :: ['polyacrylamide']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity3208 :: ('MESH:D012967', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium dodecyl sulfate']

answer: @entity3208 :: (MESH:D012967,Chemical) :: ['sodium dodecyl sulfate']


abstract: PURPOSE: This prospective, nonrandomized trial evaluated a percutaneous isolated chemotherapy perfusion approach for treating advanced primary and metastatic @entity96 . Chemotherapy was administered via hepatic @entity1503 isolated by a novel percutaneous double-balloon inferior vena cava (IVC) catheter was passed through a detoxification/filtration cartridge in a venovenous bypass circuit. @entity1 AND METHODS: Among 23 @entity1 enrolled onto the study, 58 procedures were performed on 21 @entity1 . Twelve @entity1 received dose escalations of @entity1487 ( @entity1487 ) (1,000 mg/m2 to 5,000 mg/m2), and nine received dose escalations of @entity632 (50 mg/m2 to 120 mg/m2). Pharmacokinetic studies included drug accumulation in the liver, extraction by detoxification filters, systemic exposure, and alterations of half-life. Each @entity1 received two treatments at 3-week intervals. Those showing stabilization or response received additional treatments. RESULTS: There was a direct relationship between dose and peak concentration of drug entering the hepatic veins. The system functioned efficiently throughout the dose range, with extraction efficiencies ranging from 64% to 91% (P < .001). The hepatic vein drug levels showed a sixfold increase in @entity1487 with dose escalation from 1,000 to 5,000 mg/m2, and a twofold increase in dox with dose escalation from 50 to 120 mg/m2 (P < .001, filter-mediated drug extraction). The treatments were accomplished with only an overnight hospital stay and no mortality. The common procedure-related @entity137 was transient @entity551 (grade I to II), due to @entity2922 depletion by the filter. Dose-limiting @entity137 ( @entity1431 ) was observed in @entity1 receiving @entity1487 at a dose of 5,000 mg/m2 and @entity632 at a dose of 120 mg/m2. Significant @entity5 response (> 95% reduction) was obtained in two @entity1 receiving @entity632 at 90 mg/m2 and 120 mg/m2. CONCLUSION: The use of a double-balloon catheter to isolate and detoxify hepatic venous blood during intraarterial therapy is technically feasible, safe, and allows administration of large doses of intrahepatic chemotherapy at short intervals. This approach should allow new dose-intensification strategies to increase @entity5 responses in primary and metastatic @entity96 .

title: Percutaneous hepatic vein isolation and high-dose hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy for unresectable XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['liver tumors']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['artery catheter and hepatic venous blood']

entities_list: @entity1431 :: ('MESH:D007970', 'Disease') :: ['leukopenia']

entities_list: @entity2922 :: ('CHEBI:33567', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamine']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['5-FU', 'fluorouracil']

answer: @entity96 :: (MESH:D008113,Disease) :: ['liver tumors']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to compared laparoscopic (LWR) and open wedge resection (OWR) for the treatment of @entity1820 ( @entity674 ). METHODS: The data of 156 consecutive @entity674 @entity1 underwent LWR or OWR between January 2006 and December 2013 were collected retrospectively. The surgical outcomes and the long-term survival rates were compared. Besides, a rapid systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted. RESULTS: Clinicopathological characteristics of the @entity1 were similar between the two groups. The LWR group was associated with less intraoperative @entity190 (67.3 vs. 142.7  ml, P   <   0.001), earlier postoperative flatus (2.3 vs. 3.2  days, P   <   0.001), earlier oral intake (3.2 vs. 4.1  days, P   <   0.001) and shorter postoperative hospital stay (6.0 vs. 8.0  days, P   =   0.001). The incidence of @entity260 was lower in LWR group but did not reach statistical significance (4/90, 4.4% vs. 8/66, 12.1%, P   =   0.12). No significant difference was observed in 3-year relapse-free survival rate between the two groups (98.6% vs. 96.4%, P   >   0.05). The meta-analysis revealed similar results except less overall complications in the LWR group (RR   =   0.49, 95% CI, 0.25 to 0.95, P   =   0.04). And the recurrence risk was similar in two group (RR   =   0.80, 95% CI, 0.28 to 2.27, P   >   0.05). CONCLUSIONS: LWR is a technically and oncologically safe and feasible approach for @entity1820 compared with OWR. Moreover, LWR appears to be a preferable choice with mini-invasive benefits.

title: Laparoscopic versus open wedge resection for @entity674 of the stomach: a single-center 8-year retrospective cohort study of 156 XXXX with long-term follow-up.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity1820 :: ('MESH:D005770', 'Disease') :: ['gastric GISTs', 'gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: The major cause of @entity1164 ( @entity1164 ) is @entity943 due to unstable myocardial electrical activity in which the @entity855 -sensitive K+ (KATP) channels play a role. Genetic disruption of these channels predisposes the myocardium to @entity943 . Two point mutations in the @entity14225 subunit are found in @entity1164 with @entity583 . Here we show evidence for the functional consequences of the @entity63824 and @entity63825 variants. Baseline single-channel properties, expression density, and channel modulations were studied in patch clamp. We focused on channel modulations by intracellular @entity855 and protons, as the concentration of these two important KATP channel regulators changes widely with @entity63 . We found that both variants expressed functional currents even though they occur at two highly conserved regions. The open state probability of @entity63824 was twice as high as the @entity164 ( @entity164 ) channel, whereas its channel density was only approximately 20% of the @entity164 channel. Although the outward current was not affected by these two mutations at neutral pH, it was approximately 20% lower at acidic pH in the @entity63824 than in the @entity164 channel. Both @entity63824 and @entity63825 mutations significantly reduced @entity855 sensitivity and increased pH sensitivity. More dramatically, allosteric regulation by intracellular @entity855 and protons was almost completely eliminated in the polymorphic @entity63824 and @entity63825 channels. Such an abnormality was seen in both inward and outward currents. Given the importance and beneficial effects of allosteric regulation in cellular responses to metabolic stress, the loss of such a regulatory mechanism in the @entity63824 and @entity63825 variants appears consistent with the adverse consequences occurring during @entity583 in @entity1 .

title: Elimination of allosteric modulation of myocardial KATP channels by @entity855 and protons in two XXXX polymorphisms found in @entity1164 .

entities_list: @entity1164 :: ('MESH:D016757', 'Disease') :: ['sudden cardiac death', 'SCD']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxic ischemia']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['acute myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular arrhythmias', 'arrhythmias']

answer: @entity14225 :: (3767,Gene) :: ['Kir6.2']


abstract: A 59-year-old previously healthy @entity1 had flulike symptoms of @entity221 and @entity294 for a week, which worsened despite treatment with antibiotics. After admission, his medical condition rapidly deteriorated with @entity177 , @entity712 , and a marked increase of @entity492 aminotransferase, @entity493 aminotransferase, and @entity880 dehydrogenase. The @entity1 died of a @entity943 3 days after the admission. The autopsy showed @entity2401 with a granulocytic and monocytic infiltrate, necrotizing @entity3468 of the coronary arteries, and fulminant @entity99 , with @entity1560 and @entity39 . Cell-free serum showed high copies of @entity780 B variant DNA by polymerase chain reaction. @entity780 B was identified in the heart, liver, lung, and spleen by immunohistochemistry. No @entity8344 was evident in the heart by immunohistochemistry. @entity780 is increasingly found in association with @entity2401 in immunocompromised @entity1 ; however, histopathologic features and the clinical severity of this disease have not yet been clearly defined. Only 4 to 5 cases of @entity780 fulminant @entity2401 have been reported, all in young @entity1 or immunosuppressed @entity1 . To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case in the English literature of @entity780 fulminant @entity2401 and @entity99 in an immunocompetent adult with a fatal outcome. In addition, several pathologic features of our case have not been previously reported.

title: XXXX -related fulminant @entity2401 and @entity99 in an immunocompetent adult with fatal outcome.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'man', 'children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatitis']

entities_list: @entity1560 :: ('MESH:D005234', 'Disease') :: ['microvesicular steatosis']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity780 :: ('10368', 'Species') :: ['human herpesvirus 6', 'Human herpesvirus 6']

entities_list: @entity3468 :: ('MESH:D001167', 'Disease') :: ['arteritis']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity492 :: ('CHEBI:29995', 'Chemical') :: ['aspartate']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity493 :: ('CHEBI:16449', 'Chemical') :: ['alanine']

entities_list: @entity2401 :: ('MESH:D009205', 'Disease') :: ['myocarditis', 'diffuse myocarditis']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrhythmia']

answer: @entity780 :: (10368,Species) :: ['Human herpesvirus 6']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity420 is a rare malignancy with limited data regarding treatment and outcomes. The purpose of this study is to evaluate disease control and survival outcomes in @entity1 with @entity420 . METHODS: A retrospective consecutive cohort study of all @entity1 in whom @entity420 was diagnosed between 1983 and 2004 was performed. @entity5 , @entity1 , and treatment characteristics were categorized. Overall survival and recurrence outcomes were evaluated by use of the Kaplan-Meier method and the log-rank test. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was performed to evaluate covariate adjusted effects. RESULTS: Thirty-four @entity1 were identified; six underwent palliative treatment (Stage IV, n = 4; poor performance, n = 2). Median follow-up for the remaining 28 @entity1 was 37 months (interquartile range, 22-62 months). Thirteen @entity1 (46%) were treated with local excision followed by radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy. Fifteen @entity1 (54%) underwent radical surgery and preoperative or postoperative chemoradiotherapy. Median disease-free survival was 13 months after local excision and 32 months after radical surgery (P = 0.055). Overall survival at five years was 43% for @entity1 treated with local excision and 63% for @entity1 treated with radical surgery (P = 0.3). @entity5 grade was predictive of overall survival (P = 0.04) and recurrence (P = 0.046). On multivariate analysis, the type of surgical treatment was an important predictor of overall survival (P = 0.045) and disease-free survival (P = 0.004). CONCLUSION: Combined modality treatment with radical surgical resection improves survival among @entity1 with @entity420 , but a high risk for distant failure emphasizes the need for effective adjuvant therapeutic regimens.

title: A twenty-year experience with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma of the anal canal', 'Adenocarcinoma of the anal canal']

answer: @entity420 :: (MESH:D000230,Disease) :: ['adenocarcinoma of the anal canal']


abstract: BACKGROUND: -Implantable cardioverter-defibrillators ( @entity737 ) used to prevent @entity1164 in @entity1 provide appropriate therapy in 25% of @entity1 , but also result in a significant incidence of @entity455 . @entity737 placed for secondary prevention have higher rates of appropriate therapy than those placed for primary prevention. Pediatric @entity1 with primary prevention @entity737 were studied to determine time-dependent incidence of appropriate use and adverse events. METHODS AND RESULTS: -140 @entity1 under 21 years (median age 15 years) at first @entity1479 implantation at Boston @entity1 's Hospital (2000 - 2009) in whom devices were placed for primary prevention were retrospectively identified. Demographics and times to first appropriate shock; adverse events (including inappropriate shock, lead failure, re-intervention, complication); generator replacement and follow-up were noted. Over mean follow-up of 4years, appropriate shock occurred in 19% @entity1 and first adverse event (excluding death/transplant) occurred in 36%. Risk of death or transplant was ~ 1% per year, and was not related to receiving appropriate therapy. Conditional survival analysis showed rates of appropriate therapy and adverse events decrease soon after implantation, but adverse events are more frequent than appropriate therapy throughout follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: -Primary prevention @entity737 were associated with appropriate therapy in 19% and adverse event in 36% in this cohort. The incidence of both first appropriate therapy and device-related adverse events decreased over longer periods of follow-up after implantation. This suggests that indications for continued device therapy in pediatric primary prevention @entity1479 @entity1 might be reconsidered after a period of non-use.

title: Time Dependence of Risks and Benefits in Pediatric Primary Prevention XXXX Therapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity1164 :: ('MESH:D016757', 'Disease') :: ['sudden cardiac arrest']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['inappropriate shocks and other device complications']

answer: @entity1479 :: (OMIM:252500,Disease) :: ['ICD']


abstract: Signal transduction pathways induced by cytokines can modulate the level of @entity2858 gene transcription and replication in a variety of cells including those from the central nervous system. Here, we investigated the effect of @entity2535 signaling the factors, including Smads, on transcription of the viral LTR in @entity1 astrocytic cells. Ectopic expression of @entity7379 increased activity of the viral promoter, while its partner protein, @entity1594 , caused a slight decrease in viral gene transcription. Further, @entity1594 was able to suppress transcriptional activation of the LTR by @entity7379 as well as by @entity9322 , another activator of LTR transcription in these cells. Results from promoter deletion experiments identified the @entity6863 -binding site, which is positioned between @entity2036 -114 and -102 as one of the targets for Smad-mediated regulation of the LTR. Band-shift studies showed inhibition of @entity6863 binding to its target DNA in protein extract from cells overexpressing @entity7379 and @entity1594 . Results from GST pull-down assay and combined immunoprecipitation/Western blot of protein extracts from @entity1 astrocytes verified the association of @entity7379 and @entity1594 with @entity9322 , suggesting that interaction of @entity9322 with @entity7379 and @entity1594 may have a negative impact upon @entity9322 -mediated activation of the LTR. Interestingly, @entity1594 showed no inhibitory effect on viral gene transcription in cells expressing Tat protein. However, in the presence of @entity7379 , expression of @entity1594 exerted a negative effect on Tat-mediated activation of the LTR promoter. These observations pointed to the functional interplay between viral and cellular proteins in modulating LTR transcription.

title: Interaction between TGFbeta signaling proteins and @entity6863 controls basal and Tat-mediated transcription of XXXX LTR in astrocytes.

entities_list: @entity2036 :: ('MESH:D009711', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotides']

answer: @entity2858 :: (11676,Species) :: ['HIV-1']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Motor vehicle-related @entity130 are the leading cause of @entity204 among @entity1 , adolescents, and young adults. PURPOSE: To systematically review evidence of the effectiveness of counseling @entity1 of any age in primary care settings about occupant restraints or @entity167 -related driving to prevent @entity130 . DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Traffic Research Information Service; published systematic evidence reviews; experts; and bibliographies of selected trials. STUDY SELECTION: @entity23 ( @entity23 ); controlled clinical trials (CCTs); or comparative observational research studies that evaluated behavioral counseling interventions feasible to conduct in primary care or referral from primary care. DATA EXTRACTION: Investigators abstracted data on study design, setting, @entity1 , interventions, outcomes, and quality-related study details. DATA SYNTHESIS: Trials report that counseling to increase the use of @entity1 safety seats leads to increased short-term restraint use (7 CCTs, 6 @entity23 ). Interventions that included a demonstration of correct use or distribution of a free or reduced-cost @entity1 safety seat reported larger effects. Few trials described the effect of counseling @entity1 4 to 8 years of age to use booster seats (1 RCT); counseling older @entity1 , adolescents, or adults to use seat belts (1 CCT, 2 @entity23 ); or counseling unselected primary care @entity1 to reduce @entity167 -related driving behaviors (no trials). LIMITATIONS: Most of the relevant trials were published before the widespread enactment of @entity1 safety seat legislation and had methodological flaws. CONCLUSIONS: The incremental effect of primary care counseling to increase the correct use of @entity1 safety seats in the current regulatory environment is not established. The effectiveness of primary care counseling to reduce @entity167 -related driving has not been tested. Studies are needed.

title: Counseling about proper use of motor vehicle occupant restraints and avoidance of XXXX use while driving: a systematic evidence review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['child', 'children', 'patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity23 :: ('MESH:D007174', 'Disease') :: ['Randomized, controlled trials', 'RCTs']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['injuries']

answer: @entity167 :: (CHEBI:16236,Chemical) :: ['alcohol']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Few reports have been issued which compare the efficacy and tolerability of @entity205 dose adjustments before 12 weeks of treatment. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy and tolerability of two different dosage regimens of @entity205 in severe @entity1569 . METHODS: This 12-week, prospective, open-label study included 61 severe @entity1569 @entity1 . @entity1 were assigned to a 2.5 mg/kg per day starting dose and an increasing regimen ('standard regimen') or a 5.0 mg/kg per day starting dose and a decreasing regimen ('step-down regimen') group. The end point included 50% and 75% reductions in Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) scores. Adverse events were also evaluated. RESULTS: According to a 50% PASI reduction (PASI 50), the response rate at 12 weeks was similar for two groups. The percentage of @entity1 achieving a 75% PASI reduction (PASI 75) at 12 weeks was higher in the step-down regimen group. The mean time to PASI 50 or PASI 75 was shorter in the step-down regimen group. No difference was found between the two groups in terms of the number of @entity1 with adverse events requiring intervention. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that the 'step-down' @entity205 regimen offers an effective and safe therapeutic option for the management of severe @entity1569 .

title: A comparison of two XXXX dosage regimens for the treatment of severe @entity1569 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporine']

entities_list: @entity1569 :: ('MESH:D011565', 'Disease') :: ['psoriasis']

answer: @entity205 :: (MESH:D016572,Chemical) :: ['cyclosporine']


abstract: BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to critically evaluate the clinical outcomes of two different surgical treatment approaches for @entity1 born with @entity6675 . METHODS: The medical records of 65 @entity1 with @entity6675 treated at one institution from 1991 to 2000 were available. @entity1 in group I (prior to December 1998) underwent attempted early repair of the @entity6675 defect on their first day of life. @entity1 in group II had delayed repair after the initial placement of a preformed silo. RESULTS: Group I had 39 @entity1 ; group II had 26 @entity1 . The two groups were equal with respect to maternal age, gestational age, and birth weight. @entity4438 were accomplished for 32 @entity1 (82%) in group I and 25 @entity1 (96%) in group II (P <.02). Median time on the ventilator was significantly less for group II (P <.0001). @entity1 in group II had shorter times until first postoperative feeding (P <.01) and full feedings (P <.006). Group II had fewer complications than group I (23% v 56%; P <.01). There appeared to be less @entity3166 in group II. The average length of hospital stay was 14 days less for group II. CONCLUSIONS: The use of a preformed silo initially followed by delayed fascial closure in @entity1 with @entity6675 is associated with improved fascial closure rates, fewer ventilator days, more rapid return of bowel function, and fewer complications compared with attempts at initial early repair.

title: Improved outcomes in the treatment of XXXX using a preformed silo and delayed repair approach.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'infants', 'Infants']

entities_list: @entity6675 :: ('MESH:D020139', 'Disease') :: ['gastroschisis']

entities_list: @entity4438 :: ('MESH:C563219', 'Disease') :: ['Complete reduction and fascial closure']

entities_list: @entity3166 :: ('MESH:D020345', 'Disease') :: ['necrotizing enterocolitis']

answer: @entity6675 :: (MESH:D020139,Disease) :: ['gastroschisis']


abstract: We studied the relationship between blood pressure (BP), body mass index (BMI, kg/m(2)) and baroreflex sensitivity ( @entity4375 , ms/mmHg) in adolescents. We examined 34 subjects aged 16.2+/-2.4 years who had repeatedly high causal BP (H) and 52 controls (C) aged 16.4+/-2.2 years. Forty-four C and 22 H were of normal weight (BMI between 19-23.9), and 8 C and 12 H were overweight (BMI between 24-30). Systolic BP was recorded beat-to-beat for 5 min (Finapres, controlled breathing 0.33 Hz). @entity4375 was determined by the cross-spectral method. The predicting power of BMI and @entity4375 for @entity101 was evaluated by sensitivity, specificity, and receiver operating curve (ROC - plot of sensitivity versus specificity). H compared with C had lower @entity4375 (p<0.01) and higher BMI (p<0.05). Multiple logistic regression analysis (p<0.001) revealed that a decreased @entity4375 (p<0.05) and an increased BMI (p<0.01) were independently associated with an increased risk of @entity101 . No correlation between BMI and @entity4375 was found either in H or in C. Following optimal critical values by ROC, the sensitivity, specificity and area under ROC were determined for: BMI - 22.2 kg/m(2), 61.8 %, 69.2 %, 66.0 %; @entity4375 - 7.1 ms/mmHg, 67.7 %, 69.2 %, 70.0 %; BMI and @entity4375 - 0.439 a.u., 73.5 %, 82.7 %, and 77.3 %. Decreased @entity4375 and overweight were found to be independent risk factors for @entity101 .

title: Overweight and decreased baroreflex sensitivity as independent risk factors for XXXX in children, adolescents, and young adults.

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertension']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 4051 Background: @entity1311 and @entity416 , which have distinct mechanisms of action and @entity137 profiles, showed considerable single-agent activity in @entity356 . Synergistic interaction between these two drugs was also suggested by @entity3907 -induced upregulation of @entity1014 phosphorylase. Therefore, we evaluated antitumor activity and @entity137 of @entity1311 and @entity416 combination in @entity1 with advanced @entity356 (AGC) as a first-line therapy. METHODS: @entity1 with histologically confirmed AGC with unresectable or metastatic diseases, measurable lesions, PS 0-2, age between 18 and 75, and no contraindication to chemotherapy were eligible in this study. Prior adjuvant chemotherapy finished at least 6 months before enrollment was allowed. Treatment included @entity416 825 mg/m(2) p.o. twice daily on days 1-14 and @entity1311 175 mg/m(2) i.v. on day 1 every 3 weeks until disease progression or unacceptable @entity137 . RESULTS: Between June 2002 and December 2003, total 40 pts were enrolled in this study. The median age was 57.5 years (range, 38-73). Twenty-nine pts were male. Nine pts had recurrent disease after previous curative gastrectomy and 8 had previous adjuvant chemotherapy. After a median 4 (range, 1-9) cycles of chemotherapy, thirty-four pts were evaluable for @entity137 and 33 pts for response (6 pts too early for evaluation, 1 pt loss to follow-up). In intention-to-treat analysis, the overall response rate was 52.9% (95% C.I., 36.2-69.6%), including 0 CR, 18 PRs, 9 SDs, and 6 PDs. After a median follow-up of 8.6 months (range, 0.9-17.9), median time to progression was 5.3 months (95% C.I., 3.6-6.9) and median overall survival was 14.6 months (95% C.I., 8.5-20.7). The actual dose intensity was well maintained over 95% of planned during the first 4 cycles in both drugs. Commonly observed grade 3/4 adverse events were @entity1398 (41.1% of @entity1 ), @entity8566 (11.8%), @entity4841 (8.8%). There was no @entity221 or treatment-related @entity204 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity1311 and @entity416 combination chemotherapy was active and highly tolerable as a first-line therapy for AGC. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: A phase II study of @entity1311 and @entity416 combination chemotherapy in @entity1 with advanced XXXX as a first-line therapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity416 :: ('MESH:C110904', 'Chemical') :: ['capecitabine']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel', 'Paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity8566 :: ('MESH:D060831', 'Disease') :: ['hand-foot syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1014 :: ('MESH:D013936', 'Chemical') :: ['thymidine']

entities_list: @entity4841 :: ('MESH:D018771', 'Disease') :: ['arthralgia']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenic fever']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['gastric cancer']


abstract: @entity174 may be dismissed as clinically insignificant, or of secondary importance in a @entity1 presenting with other serious @entity130 , especially if the @entity1 is young. This study assesses the effect of concomitant @entity130 on @entity3329 risk following a @entity11378 , and compares the effect as a function of @entity1 age. The National @entity130 Databank was sampled to identify 181,331 adults that were in motor vehicle crashes and had complete data available. Characteristics among several populations were compared, including the association between @entity174 and @entity3329 risk in two age groups (18 to 45 years old and over 64 years old). Descriptive statistics were compiled to contrast the injury patterns and outcomes. Propensity scores were then generated using logistic regression, where the "treatment group" was those @entity1 with @entity174 of at least an @entity130 scale (AIS) 3. Covariates for generating the propensity score included gender and the presence or absence of @entity27236 , 4 or greater @entity130 to the head, abdomen or pelvis. Matching was performed using calipers on the propensity scores for all @entity1 within the two age groups. Odds ratios for the outcome @entity204 were calculated for the matched datasets and compared between the two age groups. The probability that an adult with automotive blunt @entity130 had a @entity130 as the maximum AIS (MAIS) increased significantly (p<0.001) with age. Furthermore, the probability of the @entity1 having an MAIS defined by @entity174 increased significantly with age for adults who died with a thoracic MAIS: from 30.4% at age 21 to 51.3% at age 65. @entity174 defined the MAIS for 55.9% of all @entity1 over age 60 who died with a thoracic MAIS. In other words, over 55% of @entity1 over 60 who died of a @entity764 had no injury worse than @entity130 . The odds ratio for @entity204 for younger @entity1 (aged 18-45) was 1.4 (95% CI 1.3-1.6) if @entity174 of at least @entity27236 or greater were present. For older @entity1 (over 64 years) the odds ratio was 2.5 (95% CI 2.3-2.8). In other words, regardless of the presence or absence of concomitant @entity130 , crash-injured @entity1 with @entity174 of at least @entity27236 have a significantly increased risk of in-hospital mortality, and of two @entity1 having similar non-rib @entity130 , one with @entity27236 + @entity174 has a substantially higher expected risk of @entity204 than one without. This effect is more dramatic for older @entity1 .

title: Fatality risk and the presence of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['Rib fractures', 'rib fractures']

entities_list: @entity764 :: ('MESH:D013898', 'Disease') :: ['chest injury']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['rib injury', 'injuries', 'rib injuries', 'Trauma', 'trauma', 'abbreviated injury']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['rib fractures']


abstract: @entity1503 are very common in @entity1252 ( @entity1252 ). The aim of the study is to evaluate hematological findings in @entity1 with @entity1252 at the time of referral and their relationship with disease activity and organ involvement. The study was carried consecutive 115 @entity1 , including 20 males and 85 females. Most of the cases had @entity417 at the time of presentation due to various etiologies. @entity417 was seen in 46% and it was the most common encountered picture. The rate of @entity5714 was 28%, and Coombs' positivity rate was 22% among our @entity1 . @entity1431 ( < 4.0 x 10(9)/l), @entity1398 ( < 1.8 x 10(9)/l), and @entity2905 ( < 1.5 x 10(9)/l) rates were 57, 20, and 82%, respectively. @entity882 was seen in 40% for < 150 x 10(9)/l, 26% for < 100 x 10(9)/l, and 8% for < 50 x 10(9)/l. Of our @entity1 , 10% had @entity1701 ( @entity1701 ) at the time of diagnosis. Increased fibrinogen levels were observed in 35% without relating to disease activity. The rates of C3 and C4 hypocomplementemia were 86 and 64%, respectively, and both are closely correlated with the disease activity. Moreover, @entity18195 was more prominent in cases with renal or serosal involvement. @entity1431 and hyperfibrinogenemia were more common in @entity1 with skin/mucosal involvements. @entity18195 , @entity1701 and elevated IgG levels were more common in our @entity1 with renal involvement. @entity1252 should be kept in mind while evaluating @entity1 with mentioned hematological findings, especially in those with accompanying organ involvements.

title: Hematological presentation in XXXX and its relationship with disease activity.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity417 :: ('MESH:D000740', 'Disease') :: ['Anemia of chronic disease', 'anemia']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['Thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity2905 :: ('MESH:D008231', 'Disease') :: ['lymphopenia']

entities_list: @entity1252 :: ('MESH:D008180', 'Disease') :: ['SLE', 'systemic lupus erythematosus']

entities_list: @entity1701 :: ('MESH:D016736', 'Disease') :: ['APS', 'antiphospholipid syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['Abnormalities of hematological system']

entities_list: @entity18195 :: ('MESH:C565169', 'Disease') :: ['C3 hypocomplementemia']

entities_list: @entity5714 :: ('MESH:D000743', 'Disease') :: ['hemolytic anemia']

entities_list: @entity1431 :: ('MESH:D007970', 'Disease') :: ['Leukopenia']

answer: @entity1252 :: (MESH:D008180,Disease) :: ['systemic lupus erythematosus']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Previous studies demonstrate that the protein of @entity7766 ( @entity7766 ) is abnormal in @entity308 @entity1 , but the changes of @entity7766 in different types of @entity308 are unclear. This study was aimed to examine protein and mRNA expression levels of @entity7766 in 159 cases with four groups including @entity64 ( @entity64 ) group, @entity64 without @entity308 (Non- @entity64 ) group, @entity308 ( @entity308 ) group and normal control (NC) group. The protein and gene expression analysis were performed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and quantitative polymerase chain reaction-based methods. One way analysis of variance (ANOVA), chi-square tests and nonparametric test were used to evaluate general characteristics, clinical and biological materials. In order to explore the role of @entity7766 in different types of @entity308 , the partial correlations, binary logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were calculated for @entity64 and @entity308 groups. There are significant differences of @entity7766 protein (Fdf(3) = 5.167, P = 0.002) and mRNA expression levels ([Formula: see text] = 20.541, P < 0.001) among four groups. Bonferroni multiple comparisons found that the @entity7766 protein was significantly decreased in @entity64 (FBonferroni = -7.133, P = 0.002) and Non- @entity64 group (FBonferroni = -5.612, P = 0.018) compared with NC group. However, contrasted with @entity308 group, the mRNA expression was increased in @entity64 and Non- @entity64 group by nonparametric test (all P < 0.05). In binary logistic analyses, @entity7766 mRNA expression was independent predictors of @entity64 (odds ratio: 1.452, 95% CI, 1.081-1.951, P = 0.013). The ROC curve showed @entity7766 mRNA had a general prognostic accuracy (area under the curve: 0.766, 95% CI, 0.656-0.876, P < 0.001). This is the first study to explore the distinguishing function of @entity7766 in different types of @entity308 . It will provide help in the identification of different subtypes of @entity308 .

title: The Role of XXXX mRNA Expression Level in Distinguishing Different Types of @entity308 .

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['MDD', 'depression', 'major depressive disorder']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['post-stroke depression', 'stroke', 'PSD']

answer: @entity7766 :: (4852,Gene) :: ['Neuropeptide Y']


abstract: PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: Proximal @entity3330 in @entity1 are rare, @entity174 being extremely rare. Despite many meanings these @entity174 are still "unsolved" there are some definite rules for treatment of true @entity130 . @entity174 are outstanding with their extremely rare incidence. The aim of the study is to overview a large clinical material, find out the incidence of this pathologic @entity174 , the extent and shape of the @entity2001 ( @entity2001 ), specific therapeutic approach, technical problems of eventual osteosynthesis, number of reoperations and sequels. MATERIAL: Altogether 49 @entity1 with 50 accidental and @entity174 of proximal part of the femur treated in the Regional Pediatric @entity130 Centre of the Department of Pediatric and @entity130 Surgery, 3rd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague. METHODS: Retrospective and prospective study of @entity1 (0 to 15 years of age) treated with proximal femoral accidental and @entity174 during the 20 year period (from August 1984 to November 2004). Classification of @entity174 according to Delbet and Colonna. Diagnosis of @entity2001 with plain X-rays, eventually CT scans. RESULTS: During the 20 years period (August 1984 to November 2004) 49 @entity1 with 50 proximal @entity3330 were treated in the Department. Four @entity1 sustained a pathologic @entity174 through an @entity2001 . Two of these latter @entity1 were treated by an open reduction and osteosynthesis with the use of the proximal femoral AO-ASIF angled-plate and two @entity1 nonoperatively using skeletal traction because of impossibility of insertion of the osteosynthetic material without a damage of the growth plate. Subsequent operations of the @entity2001 were necessary in these two @entity1 . All four @entity1 recovered well without sequels. DISCUSSION: @entity174 in @entity2001 are usually treated nonoperatively and the cyst itself is treated after @entity174 healing. Proximal femoral impairment is the exception from this rule because of weigh bearing necessity. However, there may be problems with insertion of the implant when the cyst is very near to capital physis and traction treatment is then the method of choice with a delay of operative treatment of the cyst. CONCLUSIONS: Pathologic proximal @entity3330 in @entity2001 are extremely rare and need individual approach. Some of them should be operated on the others primarily treated by traction with secondary operation of the cyst. Complications can be frequent.

title: [Pathologic proximal @entity3330 in XXXX in an @entity2001 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'Pathologic fractures', 'fracture', 'pathologic fractures']

entities_list: @entity2001 :: ('MESH:D001845', 'Disease') :: ['unicameral bone cyst', 'bone cyst', 'UBC']

entities_list: @entity3330 :: ('MESH:D005264', 'Disease') :: ['femoral fractures']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['accidental injuries', 'Trauma']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity3520 ( @entity3520 ), characterized by excessive scratching or picking of the skin, is not yet recognized as a symptom of a distinct @entity74 . It is a @entity102 with a high rate of @entity146 comorbidity. The purpose of this study was to compare @entity1 diagnosed with @entity3520 and another group of psychodermatosis @entity1 in terms of comorbid @entity146 . METHOD: Thirty-one consecutive subjects were recruited from an outpatient dermatology clinic. The control group was composed of 31 @entity1 with a @entity66 other than @entity3520 . Subjects were interviewed using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R, Beck @entity308 Inventory (BDI), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) and the Yale-Brown Obsession and Compulsion Scale (YBOCS). Subjects also completed a semi-structured questionnaire for socio-demographic data and clinical features. RESULTS: Current major @entity308 was the most common @entity146 in the @entity3520 group. There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of current major @entity308 ( @entity3520 group 58.1%, control group 6.5%, p<0.01). Some 45.2% of the @entity3520 group was diagnosed with @entity3119 ( @entity3119 ) while the proportion was only 3.7% in the control group. This difference was also statistically significant (p<0.01). The @entity3520 group scored significantly higher in the BDI, HARS and the YBOCS. CONCLUSION: The results of this study point to a close relationship between @entity3520 and @entity308 and @entity3119 .

title: [The relationship between psychogenic excoriation and XXXX : a comparative study].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression', 'depression', 'depressive syndrome']

entities_list: @entity3520 :: ('MESH:D020821', 'Disease') :: ['Psychogenic excoriation', 'PE']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['dermatological disease']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric', 'psychiatric disorders', 'psychiatric disorder']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic disorder']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['DSM-IV disorder']

entities_list: @entity3119 :: ('MESH:D009771', 'Disease') :: ['OCD', 'obsessive compulsive disorder']

answer: @entity146 :: (MESH:D001523,Disease) :: ['psychiatric disorders']


abstract: Histopathologic and immunohistochemical analyses were used to investigate the cellular proliferation of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) in @entity1 temporal bones with and without evidence of @entity2346 media (OM). @entity1364 ( @entity1364 ) antibody (clone PC10) was applied after the antigen retrieval procedure. Positive @entity1364 expression was observed in temporal bones that had been stored for 10 to 31 years in 80% @entity1068 . In specimens with purulent OM, the MALT had faint germinal centers (GCs). Positive @entity1364 expression in the MALT was moderate and scattered. In specimens with mucous OM, the MALT had complete GCs. Positive @entity1364 expression in the MALT was moderate to strong, and the distribution of @entity1364 -positive cells was associated predominantly in the GCs, the mucosal epithelial layer, and/or the subepithelial layer. In specimens with serous OM, the MALT also had complete GCs. However, the @entity1364 expression was weak and scattered, and appeared to be similar to that of the MALT in the temporal bones without OM. These results indicate that the cellular proliferation of MALT in the temporal bone might reflect the activity that produces secretory IgA against invasion of foreign antigens. However, further studies are needed to elucidate whether the @entity1364 expression within MALT in the eustachian tube and middle ear is associated with a mucosal immune response to @entity32 as in OM.

title: Cellular proliferation of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue with XXXX media: a preliminary study.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1364 :: ('5111', 'Gene') :: ['Anti-proliferating cell nuclear antigen', 'PCNA']

answer: @entity2346 :: (MESH:D010031,Disease) :: ['otitis']


abstract: Intractable @entity302 has replaced central precocious puberty (CPP) as the main indication for surgery in @entity1 with @entity10128 ( @entity10128 ). However, concern about endocrine complications and the paucity of published endocrine data may dissuade clinicians from recommending @entity10128 surgery. We report the preoperative endocrine status and postoperative endocrine findings of @entity1 undergoing @entity10128 surgery at our centre. Twenty-nine @entity1 aged 4-23 years (mean 10 years) underwent detailed clinical assessment and biochemical testing of the @entity2339 before and after transcallosal resection of their @entity10128 . The perioperative evaluation included comprehensive evaluation of pubertal status, growth, weight, thyroid and adrenal function, and osmoregulation. Forty-five percent of @entity1 had CPP at presentation and this was not altered by @entity10128 surgery. @entity10094 in thyroid hormone, @entity2124 and @entity701 response were identified in several @entity1 prior to surgery, and biochemical CPP was present in four, clinically prepubertal @entity1 . Free @entity1955 fell after surgery in the majority, and to clinically significant levels prompting treatment in 5 @entity1 . Low @entity2124 was present in 5/8 @entity1 who had had previous @entity10128 surgery and in 6/29 following transcallosal surgery at our centre; short stature did not result during the period of follow-up. Hypernatraemia developed in most @entity1 postoperatively with @entity1372 >150 mmol/L seen in 16 (55%) @entity1 ; however, this was asymptomatic, not often associated with @entity2011 , and transient; no @entity1 required ongoing antidiuretic hormone replacement. Appetite stimulation and early postoperative @entity1017 occurred in 45% @entity1 , but resolved in half. Disturbance of endocrine function may be clinically silent and should be routinely evaluated prior to @entity10128 surgery for intractable @entity302 . Following surgery, hypernatraemia, low @entity1955 , low @entity2124 , and @entity1017 are the main @entity4903 encountered. Prior, unsuccessful surgery may be a risk factor for @entity2744 . Except for @entity1017 in some @entity1 , these postoperative endocrine disturbances appear to be transient, mild or asymptomatic, and easily treated where necessary. Long term follow-up of growth and sexual development in a large series of @entity1 is required.

title: The endocrinology of XXXX surgery for intractable @entity302 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity10094 :: ('MESH:D058070', 'Disease') :: ['Asymptomatic deficiencies']

entities_list: @entity1955 :: ('MESH:D013974', 'Chemical') :: ['thyroxine']

entities_list: @entity2339 :: ('MESH:D007029', 'Disease') :: ['hypothalamic-pituitary axis']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['weight gain']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity10128 :: ('MESH:C537158', 'Disease') :: ['HH', 'hypothalamic hamartoma']

entities_list: @entity2744 :: ('MESH:C567425', 'Disease') :: ['endocrinopathy']

entities_list: @entity4903 :: ('MESH:D004700', 'Disease') :: ['endocrine problems']

answer: @entity10128 :: (MESH:C537158,Disease) :: ['hypothalamic hamartoma']


abstract: RATIONALE: @entity294 in adult @entity1 due to various causes is very common in clinic, but @entity1 suffering with mal-absorption due to @entity9314 was rarely reported in China. @entity1 CONCERNS AND DIAGNOSES: A 35-year-old female presented with more than three years history of chronic @entity294 , @entity11089 , high serum value of immunoglobulin A protein, and @entity417 . Bone marrow aspiration suggested that the @entity1 was in a sideropenic and megalobastic @entity417 stage. Duodenal and ileac biopsies revealed @entity194 . The bowel lamina propria was infiltrated with slightly increased intraepithelial lymphocytes and mainly with diffuse plasma cells. The following enzyme labeling immunohistochemistry results were strongly positive to alpha-heavy-chain. Computed tomography manifested she had diffuse thickening of small intestine wall. At last a diagnosis of @entity9314 was made. INTERVENTIONS AND OUTCOMES: On the first month, the @entity1 was treated with @entity560 supplements, @entity460 , @entity1760 , @entity972 , @entity68 , @entity1501 , mecobalamin replacements and microflora probiotics. The @entity1 frequency of water @entity294 alleviated slightly, but her weight loss, @entity148 and other disorders were still severe. After taking with @entity229 (40 mg per day, and gradually reduced to the lowest dose) for another month, the symptoms was gradually subsided. LESSONS: The study shows that immunohistochemical staining for alpha-heavy chain proteins should be completed on small intestine biopsy specimens if the @entity1 is suspected a diagnosis of @entity9314 .

title: XXXX associated with high serum level of immunoglobulin A and diffuse infiltration of plasma cell in small intestine: A case report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENT']

entities_list: @entity1760 :: ('MESH:D008274', 'Chemical') :: ['magnesium']

entities_list: @entity1501 :: ('MESH:D005492', 'Chemical') :: ['folic acid']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea', 'Chronic diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity9314 :: ('MESH:D007161', 'Disease') :: ['immunoproliferative small intestinal disease']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['anxiety neurosis']

entities_list: @entity194 :: ('MESH:D001284', 'Disease') :: ['atrophy and blunting villi']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

entities_list: @entity560 :: ('MESH:D014807', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin D']

answer: @entity294 :: (MESH:D003967,Disease) :: ['Chronic diarrhea']


abstract: @entity1893 ( @entity1893 ) forms a heterogeneous group of diseases. Tumor markers may help to identify high-risk @entity1 who might benefit from more aggressive therapy. Serum soluble @entity2731 (sCD27) and @entity1014 kinase (TK) are potentially valuable markers, since sCD27 has previously been shown to be related to @entity5 load and TK to proliferation of malignant cells. We determined serum sCD27, TK, @entity2262 ( @entity2262 ) and lactic dehydrogenase (LD) levels at diagnosis in 79 @entity706 @entity1 and correlated these parameters with the stage of disease, the International Prognostic Index (IPI) score and survival. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed an excellent ability for sCD27 to discriminate between low- and high-stage disease (p < 0.001), especially in @entity706 . No discriminative value for TK, @entity2262 or LD was found. For aggressive @entity1893 , sCD27, TK, @entity2262 and LD did predict survival in the univariate analyses. However, LD was found to be the most independent prognostic factor in a multivariate Cox regression model. In @entity706 , sCD27 proved to be a powerful marker to predict progression-free survival (p = 0.008). Taken together, the results of the ROC curve and survival analysis suggest that substitution of LD by sCD27 in the IPI may be considered for @entity706 to enhance the prognostic value. A study in a larger cohort of @entity1 is required to validate this approach.

title: Serum soluble @entity2731 , but not XXXX kinase, is an independent prognostic factor for outcome in @entity1893 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma', 'indolent lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity2262 :: ('567', 'Gene') :: ['beta-2-microglobulin', 'beta(2)M']

entities_list: @entity1014 :: ('MESH:D013936', 'Chemical') :: ['thymidine']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ['NHL', "Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma"]

answer: @entity1014 :: (MESH:D013936,Chemical) :: ['thymidine']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Obesity depends on a close interplay between genetic and environmental factors. However, it is unknown how these factors interact to cause changes in the @entity28 during the progression of @entity28 from the neonatal to the aged individual. We have utilized @entity39937 and @entity35407 genes, two genes highly correlated with adipose tissue expansion in diet-induced @entity28 , to characterize the @entity28 during development of 2 genetic models of @entity28 . A model for the early onset of @entity28 was presented by leptin-deficient @entity19 (ob/ob), whereas late onset of @entity28 was induced with high-fat diet (HFD) consumption in C57BL/6J @entity19 with inherent risk of @entity28 (DIO). We correlated @entity28 and @entity6 phenotypes with @entity39937 and @entity35407 gene expression profiles in subcutaneous fat during pre-weaning, pre-adulthood and adulthood. A rapid development of @entity28 began in ob/ob @entity19 immediately after weaning at 21 days of age, whereas the @entity28 of DIO @entity19 was not evident until after 2 months of age. Even after 5 months of HFD treatment, the adiposity index of DIO @entity19 was lower than in ob/ob @entity19 at 2 months of age. In both @entity28 models, the expression of @entity39937 and @entity35407 genes increased in parallel with fat mass expansion; however, gene expression proceeded to decrease when the adiposity reached a plateau. The reduction in the expression of genes of caveolae structure and @entity413 metabolism were also suppressed in the aging adipose tissue. The analysis of fat mass and adipocyte size suggests that reduction in @entity39937 and @entity35407 is more sensitive to the age of the fat than its morphology. The balance of factors controlling fat deposition can be evaluated in part by the differential expression profiles of @entity39937 and @entity35407 genes with functions linked to fat deposition as long as there is an active accumulation of fat mass.

title: XXXX and @entity35407 are biomarkers for healthy adipose tissue.

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity', 'obese', 'obese condition']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity39937 :: (17294(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['Mest']


abstract: We attempted to optimize management of @entity432 by using duplex imaging to aid in selection of favorable lesions for percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA)/stenting, by avoiding nontherapeutic arteriography, and by providing single point-of-service care in which endovascular and open surgical reconstruction were combined. One-hundred consecutive @entity1 with symptomatic (91 claudication, 9 limb threat) @entity432 based on clinical examination and physiologic testing underwent physician-directed duplex scanning of the infrarenal aorta through the femoral bifurcation. Iliac lesions suited to endovascular intervention were defined as focal (length <5 CM), high-grade stenoses with a peak velocity >300 cm/sec and velocity ratio >2 by duplex and were differentiated from unfavorable (diffuse/long iliac stenosis, occlusions, @entity439 , @entity432 ) @entity75 . @entity1 with favorable iliac lesions according to duplex were considered candidates for @entity865 /stenting in an endo-capable operating room, without prior diagnostic angiography. On the basis of duplex imaging, 38 @entity1 possessed endovascularly favorable iliac lesions, 58 @entity1 had unfavorable @entity66 , and 4 @entity28 @entity1 had inadequate studies. Duplex interpretation correctly classified disease distribution/severity in 92% of 50 @entity1 who subsequently underwent intraoperative or diagnostic arteriography. Thirty-one of the 45 (69%) total interventions performed in this @entity1 group were based on duplex findings alone. Of 29 @entity1 with favorable lesions by duplex scanning who had intervention, 25 (86%) received iliac PTA/stenting, while 4 @entity1 required inflow surgical reconstruction for nonfocal @entity66 demonstrated on operative arteriography. Duplex imaging correctly identified the need for concomitant outflow reconstruction/bypass in 11 of the 25 (44%) @entity1 treated by iliac PTA/stenting. Primary and assisted patency rates of iliac PTA/stenting were 83% and 100% at 24 months by life-table analysis. Duplex imaging in @entity1 with symptomatic @entity432 can provide sufficient information to permit endovascular and surgical intervention without formal diagnostic arteriography in most @entity1 .

title: Duplex selection facilitates single point-of-service endovascular and surgical management of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['iliac disease', 'aortoiliofemoral disease']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['inflow lesions']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['femoral occlusive disease', 'aortoiliac occlusive disease', 'inflow occlusive disease']

answer: @entity432 :: (MESH:D001157,Disease) :: ['aortoiliac occlusive disease']


abstract: Untreated @entity158 during the transportation of @entity1 after minor @entity130 is a common problem in emergency medicine. Because paramedics usually are not allowed to perform invasive procedures or to give drugs for @entity158 treatment, a noninvasive, nondrug-based method would be helpful. Acupressure is a traditional Chinese treatment for @entity158 that is based on @entity158 relief followed by a short mechanical stimulation of specific points. Consequently, we tested the hypothesis that effective @entity158 therapy is possible by paramedics who are trained in acupressure. In a double-blinded trial we included 60 @entity130 @entity1 . We randomly assigned them into three groups ("true points," "sham-points," and "no acupressure"). An independent observer, blinded to the treatment assignment, recorded vital variables and visual analog scales for @entity158 and @entity148 before and after treatment. At the end of transport, we asked for ratings of overall satisfaction. For statistical evaluation, one-way analysis of variance and the Scheff   F test were used. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Morphometric and demographic data and potential confounding factors such as age, sex, @entity158 , @entity148 , blood pressure, and heart rate before treatment did not differ among the groups. At the end of transport we found significantly less @entity158 , @entity148 , and heart rate and a greater satisfaction in the "true points" groups (P < 0.01). Our results show that acupressure is an effective and simple-to-learn treatment of @entity158 care and leads to an improvement of the quality of care in emergency transport. We suggest that this technique is easy to learn and risk free and may improve paramedic-based rescue systems. IMPLICATIONS: We tested, in a double-blinded manner, the hypothesis that acupressure could be an effective @entity158 therapy in minor- @entity130 @entity1 . Our results show that acupressure is an effective and simple-to-learn treatment of @entity158 in emergency medical care and can improve the quality of care.

title: Prehospital analgesia with acupressure in victims of minor XXXX : a prospective, randomized, double-blinded trial.

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'pain in emergency trauma']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['trauma']


abstract: In this study, we investigated attitudes toward sexuality, the prevalence of @entity146 and contraceptive use among Chinese medical and nursing undergraduates, and relationships between attitudes toward sexuality and sexual and contraceptive practices among these @entity1 . This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study carried out by using a Personal Attitude toward Sexuality Scale and Sexual and Contraceptive Questionnaire. The @entity1 were recruited in the researcher's lectures. A total of 158 @entity1 joined this study. Overall, Chinese medical and nursing undergraduates in this study held relatively conservative attitudes toward sexuality. The prevalence of sexually-active students was relatively low, and the percentage of contraceptive use among those sexually-active students was also low. @entity1 ' attitudes toward sexuality had statistically-significant effects on their sexual and contraceptive practices. Nearly half of the sexually-active @entity1 reported never using any contraceptive method during sexual intercourse. This finding has important public health implications, as young @entity1 represent the group with the largest rate of new infections of @entity645 / @entity791 in China. A more comprehensive sexual education program that extends to college undergraduates and promotes the social acceptability of using contraception, specifically condoms, is needed.

title: Relationships between attitudes toward sexuality, XXXX , and contraceptive practices among Chinese medical and nursing undergraduates.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Participants', 'people']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['sexual behaviors']

answer: @entity146 :: (MESH:D001523,Disease) :: ['sexual behaviors']


abstract: We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and the short- and long-term results of the modified four corner @entity1494 suspension (FCBNS) procedure in the correction of type 2 stress urinary @entity322 with moderate cystocele. We studied retrospectively 26 consecutive @entity1 who underwent modified FCBNS procedure during a 2-year period at our institution. The modifications that were made were the distal sutures starting from the midurethra as a coil fashion of three centimetres to the @entity1494 and its fixation to the pubic bone. Preoperative questionnaires, hospital and clinical records, and postoperative questionnaires were reviewed to assess comparative outcome among the @entity1 . @entity1 follow-up ranged from 22 to 47 months (mean 33.5). The mean age at the time of surgery was 55.3 +/- 11.6, and mean parity was 3.2 +/- 1.3. Twenty-five of 26 @entity1 (96%) were cured after six months and 24 of 26 (92%) were cured after twenty-one months. Cystoceles were completely reduced. Complications occurred in 15% of the @entity1 . The modified FCBNS is a useful and effective operation in treating anatomical stress urinary @entity322 and an associated moderate cystocele since it elevates and supports midurethra as well in selected @entity1 and it is associated with a low incidence of @entity260 .

title: Modified four corner XXXX suspension in anatomical stress @entity322 with moderate cystocele.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['incontinence']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bladder neck']

answer: @entity1494 :: (MESH:D001745,Disease) :: ['bladder neck']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) is characterized by poor prognosis and only a few molecular markers may be potentially used to predict clinical outcomes. Previous studies have demonstrated that @entity3338 transporters (MCTs) play important roles in the development and progression of many @entity5 . The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of MCT genes on prognosis of @entity1149 @entity1 in Chinese Han population. Nine functional SNPs in @entity3195 , @entity3341 , and @entity3342 genes were selected and genotyped using Sequenom iPLEX genotyping system in 500 Chinese @entity1149 @entity1 receiving surgery. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards model and Kaplan-Meier curve were used for the prognostic analysis. TT genotype of SNP @entity64550 ( @entity3195 ) was significantly associated with better @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) (HR   =   0.56, P   =   0.026) and @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) (HR   =   0.57, P   =   0.016) of @entity1149 @entity1 . TT genotype of another SNP @entity64551 ( @entity3341 ) exhibited an association with worse @entity1349 of @entity1149 @entity1 (HR   =   1.46, P   =   0.039). Unfavorable genotypes of SNP @entity64550 and @entity64551 showed a significant cumulative effect on @entity1349 and @entity1349 of @entity1149 @entity1 . Moreover, we found that @entity1 carrying AA+AT genotypes of @entity64550 showed significant @entity1349 and @entity1349 benefits from adjuvant chemotherapy, but those with TT genotype did not. Our findings suggest that SNPs in @entity3195 and @entity3341 genes may affect clinical outcomes and can be used to predict the response to adjuvant chemotherapy in @entity1149 @entity1 who received surgical treatment once validated in future study.

title: Genetic variations in @entity3338 transporter genes as predictors of clinical outcomes in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'Non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity3338 :: ('CHEBI:35757', 'Chemical') :: ['monocarboxylate']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'RFS', 'recurrence-free survival', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: Infrainguinal reconstruction traditionally has been reserved for @entity1 with limb-threatening @entity63 . Surgery for debilitating @entity613 , however, has been discouraged as a result of the perceived fear of bypass graft failure, limb loss, and significant perioperative complications that may be worse than the natural history of the disease. In this study, the results of infrainguinal reconstructions for @entity613 performed during the past 10 years were evaluated for bypass graft patency, limb loss, and long-term survival rates. METHODS: Data were collected and reviewed from the vascular registry, the office charts, and the hospital records for @entity1 who underwent infrainguinal bypass grafting for @entity613 . RESULTS: From 1987 to 1997, 409 infrainguinal reconstructions were performed for @entity613 (9% of all infrainguinal reconstructions in our unit). The @entity1 population had the following demographics: 73% @entity1 , 28% with @entity6 , 54% smokers, and an average age of 64 years (range, 24 to 91 years). Inflow was from the following arteries: iliac artery/graft, 10%; common femoral artery, 52%; superficial femoral artery, 19%; profunda femoris artery, 16%; and popliteal artery, 2%. The outflow vessels were the following arteries: 165 above-knee popliteal arteries (40%), 150 below-knee popliteal arteries (37%), and 94 tibial vessels (23%). The operative mortality rate was 0%, and one limb was lost in the series from distal embolization. The primary patency rates were 62%, 77%, and 86% for above-knee popliteal artery, below-knee popliteal artery, and tibial vessel reconstructions at 4 years, and the secondary patency rates were 64%, 81%, and 90%, respectively. Cumulative @entity1 survival rates were 93% and 80% at 4 and 6 years as compared with 65% and 52%, respectively, for infrainguinal reconstructions performed for limb salvage. CONCLUSION: Infrainguinal arterial reconstruction for disabling @entity613 is a safe and durable procedure in selected @entity1 . These data indicate that concern for limb loss, @entity204 , and limited life span of the @entity1 with this disease may not be warranted.

title: Infrainguinal arterial reconstruction for XXXX : is it worth the risk? An analysis of 409 procedures.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity613 :: ('MESH:D007383', 'Disease') :: ['claudication']

answer: @entity613 :: (MESH:D007383,Disease) :: ['claudication']


abstract: The authors consider the problems of the early diagnosis of @entity393 , presenting a study done on twenty audiological high risk @entity1 that were subjected to audiometric screening by delayed cochlear otoacoustic emissions (EOE) and brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BEAPs). Eighteen of twenty @entity1 that were examined were normal, while two had bilateral @entity1274 . EOE were evoked in all @entity1 that presented normal BAEP thresholds, while they were absent in deaf subjects. Evoked otoacoustic emissions research allows us to identify two groups of subjects: those with normal EOE who can be considered normal hearing subjects, and those without EOE who may present a disturbed auditory system. Nevertheless, EOE testing does not allow us to judge the type of @entity393 . The time for EOE testing is approximately five minutes for each subject. On the grounds of their experience, the authors conclude that EOE testing represents a useful and reliable test which differentiates normal auditory function subjects from hypoacoustic ones. Compared to other techniques used in audiological paediatric diagnosis, such as reactometry, BOEL test and Crib. O. Gram, which present the possibility of false positive and false negative results, and BSERA, which even if reliable, must be limited to few selected audiological high-risk subjects, EOE is easy to implement and readily available. Major limitations of this technique seem to be the possibility of false positives, and the impossibility to specify localisation and type of the @entity393 by EOE only.

title: [Evoked oto-acoustic emissions (EOE) as screening method in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing loss', 'paediatric hypoacusis']

entities_list: @entity1274 :: ('MESH:D006319', 'Disease') :: ['sensorineural hearing loss']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['infants']


abstract: The @entity2339 has been previously identified as one potential mechanism that may explain the link between @entity1949 and negative health outcomes. However, few studies have examined the direct association between @entity1949 and @entity2339 functioning, particularly in the context of stress. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to investigate the relationship between @entity1949 and @entity2339 reactivity to a @entity2673 . @entity1 included 40 healthy, young adults between the ages of 18-29. The current protocol included spending two nights in the laboratory. After an adaptation night (night 1), @entity1 were randomized into either a @entity1949 condition (29 consecutive hours awake) or a control condition (night 2). Following the second night, all @entity1 completed the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST). Salivary @entity701 was collected before, during, and after the TSST. Results indicated that there were significant group differences in @entity701 stress reactivity. Specifically, compared to @entity1 in the control condition, @entity1 in the @entity1949 condition had greater baseline (i.e., pre-stress) @entity701 , yet a blunted @entity701 response to the TSST. Taken together, a combination of elevated baseline @entity701 (and its subsequent effect on @entity2339 regulatory processes) and a relative 'ceiling' on the amount of @entity701 a laboratory stressor can produce may explain why @entity1 in the @entity1949 condition demonstrated blunted @entity701 responses.

title: Investigating the effect of @entity1949 on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal-axis response to a XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity1949 :: ('MESH:D012892', 'Disease') :: ['sleep deprivation', 'acute sleep deprivation']

entities_list: @entity2673 :: ('MESH:C535569', 'Disease') :: ['psychosocial stressor']

entities_list: @entity2339 :: ('MESH:D007029', 'Disease') :: ['hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis', 'HPA-axis']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

answer: @entity2673 :: (MESH:C535569,Disease) :: ['psychosocial stressor']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Leprosy is an @entity166 caused by @entity4430 . We analyzed 48 cytokine polymorphisms in 13 (pro as well as anti-inflammatory) cytokine genes using PCR-SSP assay in 102 @entity1201 @entity1 and 120 healthy controls with intent to find out a link between cytokine polymorphisms and disease susceptibility. @entity310 (-308) GG, @entity688 (-819) TT, @entity688 (-1082) GG and @entity10496 (+1970) CC genotypes are found to be predominant (p=0.01, p=0.02, p=0.0001 and p=0.001, respectively) in both tuberculoid as well as @entity1203 @entity1 . This observation suggests these genotypes as play the central role(s) in the progression of disease. CBA assay demonstrates the varied serum concentration of these cytokines with respect to their genotypes. The above genotypes appeared as high producer genotypes in our study. Even in presence of high produce genotypes, @entity310 level are found to be affected/masked by the presence of @entity688 in @entity1201 @entity1 . Expressional masking of @entity310 is associated with the expression of @entity688 in these @entity1 . This is one the negative impact of SNP-SNP interaction in @entity1201 @entity1 . Therefore, we can conclude that cytokine gene polymorphisms determine the predisposition to the @entity1201 .

title: Association of @entity310 -(308(GG)), @entity688 (-819(TT)), @entity688 (-1082(GG)) and XXXX (+1970(CC)) genotypes with the susceptibility and progression of @entity1201 in North Indian population.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1203 :: ('MESH:D015440', 'Disease') :: ['lepromatous leprosy']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['infectious disease']

entities_list: @entity1201 :: ('MESH:D007918', 'Disease') :: ['leprosy progression', 'leprosy']

answer: @entity10496 :: (3554,Gene) :: ['IL-1R1']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Asthma is a heterogeneous chronic inflammatory condition characterised by reversible @entity1224 and hyperresponsiveness associated with underlying @entity32 and structural changes. It represents an increasing health problem and is a huge burden on the @entity1 , their families and society. The aim of the study was to characterise the adult @entity748 population attending a Hospital Allergy Clinic between the years of 2003 and 2006. METHODS: Clinical files from the Allergy Outpatient Clinic of Cova da Beira Hospital were sequentially studied. The total population analysed included 335 female and 130 male @entity748 @entity1 . @entity565 was characterised by clinical history, skin prick testing to aeroallergens, determination of total and specific IgE and lung function testing, and classified according to international guidelines. RESULTS: Of the @entity1 studied, 70 % had @entity56 , and 30 % had @entity56 . When compared to @entity56 , @entity56 was more frequently associated with older age, perennial symptoms and female gender. More @entity56 than @entity56 @entity1 also had @entity2490 and the reverse was true regarding drug @entity566 and oesophageal reflux. Grass pollen and mites were the major sensitisers for @entity56 asthmatics. The sensitisation profile was significantly different between urban- and rural-based @entity748 @entity1 regarding tree pollen, fungi and moulds. CONCLUSIONS: In this population, @entity2490 was more frequently associated with @entity56 than with @entity56 . The two types of @entity565 did not differ in clinical severity or changes in lung function. Sensitisation profiles were different between the urban and rural @entity1 .

title: Demographic, laboratory and clinical characterisation of adult portuguese XXXX @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['bronchial inflammation']

entities_list: @entity748 :: ('MESH:D013224', 'Disease') :: ['asthmatic']

entities_list: @entity565 :: ('MESH:D001249', 'Disease') :: ['Bronchial asthma', 'asthma']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic asthma', 'non-allergic asthma', 'allergic']

entities_list: @entity1224 :: ('MESH:D000402', 'Disease') :: ['airway obstruction']

answer: @entity748 :: (MESH:D013224,Disease) :: ['asthmatic']


abstract: Early bone development may have a significant impact upon bone health in adulthood. @entity79 ( @entity79 ) and bone mass are important determinants of adult bone strength. However, several studies have shown that @entity79 and bone mass decrease after birth. If early development is important for strength, why does this reduction occur? To investigate this, more data characterizing gestational, @entity1 , and childhood bone development are needed in order to compare with adults. The aim of this study is to document early vertebral trabecular bone development, a key fragility @entity174 site, and infer whether this period is important for adult bone mass and structure. A series of 120 vertebrae aged between 6   months gestation and 2.5   years were visualized using microcomputed tomography. Spherical volumes of interest were defined, thresholded, and measured using 3D bone analysis software (BoneJ, Quant3D). The findings showed that gestation was characterized by increasing bone volume fraction whilst infancy was defined by significant @entity604 (   2/3rds) and the appearance of a highly anisotropic trabecular structure with a predominantly inferior-superior direction. Childhood development progressed via selective thickening of some trabeculae and the loss of others; maintaining bone volume whilst creating a more anisotropic structure. Overall, the pattern of vertebral development is one of gestational overproduction followed by @entity1 "sculpting" of bone tissue during the first year of life (perhaps in order to regulate mineral homeostasis or to adapt to loading environment) and then subsequent refinement during early childhood. Comparison of early bone developmental data in this study with adult bone volume values taken from the literature shows that the loss in bone mass that occurs during the first year of life is never fully recovered. Early development could therefore be important for developing bone strength, but through structural changes in trabecular microarchitecture rather than bone mass.

title: Early Trabecular Development in XXXX Vertebrae: Overproduction, Constructive Regression, and Refinement.

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['Bone mineral density', 'BMD']

entities_list: @entity604 :: ('MESH:D016301', 'Disease') :: ['bone loss']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Human']


abstract: The purpose of this study was to explore the functional role and mechanism of @entity10015 in the development of @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ). @entity10015 expression was quantified in @entity703 , matched adjacent non  -tumor tissues and renal cell lines using quantitative real-time PCR (RT-PCR). Cell proliferation, apoptosis and migratory activity were measured following suppression of @entity10015 expression by antisense oligonucleotides. @entity10015 targets were scanned using target prediction programs. Following the inhibition of @entity10015 , target gene expression was detected by western blotting. The expression of @entity10015 was upregulated in clear cell @entity1358 (ccRCC) tissue and @entity703 cell lines. The suppression of @entity10015 inhibited cell proliferation and migratory activity and induced apoptosis in @entity703 cells. The suppressor gene @entity19933 ( @entity4635 ) and @entity7101 were predicted as potential target genes by bioinformatics analysis. The suppression of @entity10015 inhibited @entity7101 protein expression. @entity10015 may function as an oncogene by targeting @entity7101 . Thus, the inhibition of @entity10015 may be an effective way to treat @entity1358 .

title: microRNA-155 silencing inhibits proliferation and migration and induces apoptosis by upregulating XXXX in @entity703 cells.

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['renal cell carcinoma', 'RCC']

entities_list: @entity19933 :: ('1154', 'Gene') :: ['suppressor of cytokine signaling']

entities_list: @entity703 :: ('MESH:D007680', 'Disease') :: ['renal cancer', 'renal cancers']

answer: @entity7101 :: (571,Gene) :: ['BACH1']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Despite a high prevalence of @entity30 in @entity1 of childbearing age, disease-related factors that may impact fertility and perianal @entity30 after delivery remain unclear. METHODS: Self-administered questionnaires related to childbirth were completed by @entity1 with @entity30 referred to a single gastroenterology unit. A survival analysis was performed for statistical purposes. RESULTS: A total of 184 @entity1 were assessed, including 63 nulliparous @entity1 . The cumulative probabilities of having a @entity1 were 30%, 51% and 72% at the ages of 25, 30 and 35 years, respectively. @entity1 with @entity1049 were less likely to experience childbirth. After a median follow-up of 165 weeks post-delivery, the cumulative probabilities of fistulizing perianal @entity30 occurrence were 8%, 12% and 21% at 1, 2 and 5 years following childbirth, respectively. Contrary to a prior history of perianal @entity30 and colonic location, mode of delivery was not associated with @entity292 . An episiotomy in the group of @entity1 with @entity75 did not result in a higher rate of @entity292 recurrence. CONCLUSION: @entity30 is associated with fewer pregnancies, however perianal @entity292 were less affected by obstetric events than their own natural history.

title: XXXX results in fewer pregnancies but is not exacerbated by vaginal delivery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'Women', 'child']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['prior anal lesions']

entities_list: @entity292 :: ('MESH:D005402', 'Disease') :: ['fistula', 'fistulas', 'perianal fistula']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ["Perianal Crohn's disease", "Crohn's disease"]

entities_list: @entity1049 :: ('MESH:D003108', 'Disease') :: ['colonic disease, prior abdominal surgery and perianal disease']

answer: @entity30 :: (MESH:D003424,Disease) :: ['Perianal Crohn's disease']


abstract: The regulation of @entity1369 was studied in a @entity1 with @entity2010 and adipsia, associated with @entity10146 . Plasma ADH was low and unresponsive to dehydration. Plasma @entity916 concentration ranged from 52 to 1350 ng ml-1 h-1 at various degrees of hydration, and plasma @entity1369 ranged from 4.7 to 104 ng/100 ml. Despite these wide ranges, the levels of the two hormones were not correlated. The @entity1369 - @entity916 ratio (log.) was inversely related to the plasma @entity1372 concentration, while the plasma @entity916 concentration (log.) was directly related to plasma @entity1372 . Reduced values of both extracellular fluid volume (radiosulphate and @entity1372 spaces) and total exchangeable @entity1372 were measured when plasma @entity1372 was elevated. @entity1372 depletion at the time when the @entity1 was in a dehydrated state appeared to be caused, at least partly, by defective renal @entity1372 conservation. Thus, in the dehydrated state, the @entity1 showed the following unusual combination of abnormalities: hypernatraemia, @entity1372 depletion, hyperreninaemia, and low to normal plasma @entity1369 . The abnormal @entity1369 - @entity916 ratio was probably not caused by an @entity550 , since high levels of @entity1369 were measured as long as a certain degree of hydration had been achieved with or without exogenous ADH, and since plasma @entity701 was normal and responsive to exogenous ACTH. The results suggest that the responsiveness of the adrenal cortex to angiotensin may vary with extracellular @entity1372 concentration. The direction of this effect, that is, suppression of @entity1369 with increased @entity1372 concentration, is not different from what is observed under experimental conditions, when extra-cellular @entity1372 concentration is raised by infusions of hyperosmolar saline.

title: Dissociation of XXXX and @entity1369 during dehydration: studies in a case of @entity2010 and adipsia.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'child']

entities_list: @entity1369 :: ('MESH:D000450', 'Chemical') :: ['aldosterone']

entities_list: @entity550 :: ('MESH:D000303', 'Disease') :: ['intrinsic adrenal abnormality']

entities_list: @entity1372 :: ('MESH:D012964', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium', 'Sodium']

entities_list: @entity10146 :: ('MESH:D016142', 'Disease') :: ['holoprosencephaly']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity2010 :: ('MESH:D003919', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes insipidus']

answer: @entity916 :: (5972,Gene) :: ['renin']


abstract: Spontaneous echo contrast (SEC) is common in the areas of slow blood flow. This study was conducted to examine the correlation of SEC and left @entity177 , @entity955 ( @entity955 ) and @entity715 in @entity1 with @entity4794 . The transthoracic and multiplane transesophageal echocardiograms were performed on 117 @entity1 (mean age 42.22 +/- 10.79 years). Left atrial size, left @entity955 area, mitral valve area, left @entity955 flow peak emphatic velocity and full velocity were measured. The presence of SEC and @entity715 in the left atrium and appendage was noted. The results showed that among the @entity1 , 57 had normal sinus rhythm, 60 had @entity955 ; 19 had @entity715 , 98 had no @entity715 ; 71 had SEC and 46 had no SEC. Compared with the @entity1 without SEC, the @entity1 with SEC showed greater incidence of @entity715 (28.76% vs 0, P < 0.05), higher rate of @entity955 (69.01% vs 23.91%, P < 0.05), larger LAD (46.93 +/- 0.85 mm vs. 41.76 +/- 1.05 mm, P < 0.05), larger LAA area (8.06 +/- 0.32 cm2 vs 6.92 +/- 0.31 cm2, P < 0.05), smaller MVA area (1.07 +/- 0.23 cm2 vs 1.32 +/- 0.35 cm2, P < 0.05), lower LAA flow peak emphatic velocity (0.17 +/- 0.01 m/s vs 0.32 +/- 0.02 m/s, P < 0.05), and lower LAA full velocity (0.18 +/- 0.01 m/s vs 0.31 +/- 0.03 m/s, P < 0.05). These findings indicate that the presence of SEC is associated with significantly greater incidence of @entity715 , higher rate of @entity955 , larger LAD and LAA area, smaller MVA area, lower LAA flow peak emphatic velocity and full velocity. @entity955 , the diameter of left atrium and the area of mitral valve are independent predictors of SEC. SEC is significantly associated with LAA function and @entity715 formation.

title: [Study of spontaneous echo contrast in XXXX with @entity4794 by transesophageal echocardiography].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['atrial appendage function']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation', 'Atrial fibrillation', 'Af', 'atrial appendage']

entities_list: @entity4794 :: ('MESH:D008946', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatic mitral stenosis']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombus']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']