abstract: BACKGROUND: To report on 1-year follow up of a series of 126 eyes implanted with a spherical @entity16406 ( @entity16406 ). METHODS: Retrospective case note review of 126 eyes (68 @entity1 ) undergoing @entity16406 placement by a single surgeon (TG) to correct preoperative mean spherical equivalents between +8.88 and -20.50 D. Main outcome measures included uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), refraction, best spectacle-corrected VA, unaided binocular vision, adverse events, @entity260 and @entity1 symptoms. RESULTS: Complete data were available at 1 year on 121 of the 126 eyes (65 out of 68 @entity1 ). At 12 months 86% (104/121) had postoperative UCVA better than or equal to preoperative best spectacle-corrected VA, and 98% (118/121) had UCVA within one line of preoperative best spectacle-corrected VA. Ninety-six per cent (116/121) had postoperative UCVA of 6/9 or better, and 100% had postoperative best-corrected visual acuity of 6/12 or better. Ninety-eight per cent (64/65) @entity1 had unaided binocular vision at 1 year of 6/7.5 or better. Average @entity1714 treated was -8.83 D (116 @entity1 ), and average @entity3467 +7.14 D (10 @entity1 ). Two ICLs were replaced because of high vaulting; one eye had @entity2790 that resolved with smaller @entity16406 placement. Four @entity1 had visually insignificant @entity2118 on the @entity16406 at 3/12, but no @entity1538 . Five @entity1 noticed haloes around lights at night, none preventing driving. CONCLUSIONS: One-year results from this study, the largest reported clinical investigation of the use of ICLs in New Zealand, support the safety, efficacy and predictability of @entity16406 to treat both hyperopic and myopic spherical @entity2516 .

title: Spherical implantable collamer lenses for XXXX and @entity3467 : 126 eyes with 1-year follow up.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1538 :: ('MESH:D005902', 'Disease') :: ['pigmentary glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity2516 :: ('MESH:D012030', 'Disease') :: ['refractive errors']

entities_list: @entity3467 :: ('MESH:D006956', 'Disease') :: ['hyperopia']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['operative/postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity2790 :: ('MESH:D009798', 'Disease') :: ['increased intraocular pressure']

entities_list: @entity2118 :: ('MESH:D010859', 'Disease') :: ['pigment deposits']

entities_list: @entity16406 :: ('MESH:D060437', 'Disease') :: ['ICL', 'implantable collamer lens']

answer: @entity1714 :: (MESH:D009216,Disease) :: ['myopia']


abstract: AIM: To study the results for the treatment of symptomatic @entity6713 using rubber band ligation (RBL) method. METHODS: A retrospective study for 750 @entity1 who came to the colorectal unit from June, 1998 to September, 2006, data was retrieved from archived files. RBL was performed using the Mc Gown applicator on an outpatient basis. The @entity1 were asked to return to out- @entity1 clinic for follow up at 2 wk, 1 mo, 6 mo and through telephone call every 6 mo for 2 years). RESULTS: After RBL, 696 @entity1 (92.8%) were cured with no difference in outcome for second or third degree @entity6713 (P = 0.31). Symptomatic recurrence was detected in 11.04% after 2 years. A total of 52 @entity1 (6.93%) had 77 complications from RBL which required no hospitalization. Complications were @entity158 , @entity548 and vaso-vagal symptoms (4.13%, 4.13% and 1.33% of @entity1 , respectively). At 1 mo there were a significant improvement in mean SF-36 scores over baseline in five items, while after 2 years there were improvement in all items over baseline, but not significant. No significant manometeric changes after band ligation. CONCLUSION: RBL is a simple, safe and effective method for treating symptomatic second and third degree @entity6713 as an out @entity1 procedure with significant improvement in quality of life. RBL doesn't alter ano-rectal functions.

title: Rubber band ligation for 750 cases of symptomatic XXXX out of 2200 cases.

entities_list: @entity6713 :: ('MESH:D006484', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhoids']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['rectal bleeding']

answer: @entity6713 :: (MESH:D006484,Disease) :: ['hemorrhoids']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To observe preventive and therapeutic effect of Yifei Jianpi Recipe (YJR) on @entity1030 ( @entity1030 ) model @entity35 and to explore its mechanism from the way of airway @entity32 and airway mucus hypersecretion. METHODS: The @entity1030 @entity35 model was established by using cigarette smoking combined with intratracheal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Male SD @entity35 were randomly divided into the blank control group (control group), the model group, the YJR group, 6 in each group. Forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 0. 1 second (FEV0. 1), FEVO. 1/FVC, peak expiratory flow (PEF) was tested by lung function device. Pathological changes of bronchi and lung tissues were observed by HE staining. Airway Goblet cells were observed using AB-PAS staining. Contents of IL-8, @entity7940 , and @entity1505 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Protein expressions of @entity1590 ( @entity1590 ), nuclear factor KB ( @entity4026 ), @entity7941 ( @entity7941 ), and @entity7942 ( @entity7942 ) in @entity35 airway were detected by immunohistochemical assay. mRNA expressions of @entity7942 and @entity7941 in bronchi and lung tissues were detected by real-time quantitative PCR (RT qPCR). RESULTS: Changes of bronchi and lung tissues in the model group @entity35 were consistent with typical pathological manifestations of @entity1030 . Compared with the model group, the degree of @entity651 was significantly alleviated in the YJR group. Compared with the control group, FVC, FEV0. 1, FEVO. I/FVC, and PEF were decreased (P <0. 01), contents of IL-8, @entity7940 , and @entity1505 in BALF were significantly increased (P <0. 01), protein expressions of @entity1590 , @entity4026 , @entity7941 , and @entity7942 , mRNA expression levels of @entity7941 and @entity7942 in bronchi and lung tissues were also significantly increased in the model group (P <0. 01). Compared with the model group, FVC, FEV0. 1, FEV0. 1/FVC, and PEF were significantly increased in the YJR group (P <0. 01, P <0. 05), but the rest indices were significantly lowered (P <0. 01, P <0. 05). CONCLUSION: YJR could decrease contents of IL-8, @entity7940 , and @entity1505 in BALF of @entity1030 model @entity35 , inhibit protein expression levels of @entity1590 , @entity4026 , @entity7941 , and @entity7942 .in airway and lung tissues, thus playing preventive and therapeutic roles by reducing airway @entity32 and airway mucus hypersecretion.

title: [Effect of Yifei Jianpi Recipe on Airway Inflammation and Airway Mucus Hypersecretion of XXXX Model @entity35 ].

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity651 :: ('MESH:D055370', 'Disease') :: ['lung injury']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease', 'COPD']

entities_list: @entity1590 :: ('25464(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['ICAM-1', 'intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1']

answer: @entity1030 :: (MESH:D029424,Disease) :: ['Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease']


abstract: This report describes the analysis of @entity1311 in @entity1 plasma, cell culture medium, and @entity235 bladder tissue by isocratic @entity2101 ( @entity2101 ) with automated column switching. @entity18844 was used as the internal standard. Biological samples were extracted with @entity1046 , with a recovery of > 80%. Sample extracts reconstituted in 37.5% @entity1626 were stable in @entity7502 tubes at room temperature for 22 h. The @entity2101 stationary phase consisted of a clean-up column (Nova-Pak C8, 75 x 3.9 mm I.D., 4 microns particle size) and an analytical column (Bakerbond octadecyl, 250 x 4.6 mm I.D., 5 microns particle size). @entity1311 and @entity18844 were monitored at 229 nm. Samples were injected onto the clean-up column and eluted with the clean-up mobile phase (37.5% @entity1626 in distilled water) at 1 ml/min. Concurrently, the analytical mobile phase (49% @entity1626 in distilled water) was directed through the analytical column at a flow-rate of 1.2 ml/min. A heart-cut fraction from 8 to 15 min was transferred from the clean-up column onto the analytical column. Loading of a second sample onto the clean up column while the first sample was eluting from the analytical column reduced the @entity2101 analysis time to about 15 min per sample. This method has a lower detection limit of 5 ng/ml and intra- and inter-day variations of < 5%.

title: Isocratic high-performance liquid chromatographic assay of XXXX in biological fluids and tissues using automated column switching.

entities_list: @entity1046 :: ('MESH:C007650', 'Chemical') :: ['ethyl acetate']

entities_list: @entity7502 :: ('MESH:D011126', 'Chemical') :: ['polypropylene']

entities_list: @entity18844 :: ('MESH:C056348', 'Chemical') :: ['Cephalomannine', 'cephalomannine']

entities_list: @entity1626 :: ('MESH:C032159', 'Chemical') :: ['acetonitrile']

entities_list: @entity2101 :: ('MESH:C538394', 'Disease') :: ['high-performance liquid chromatography', 'HPLC']

answer: @entity1311 :: (MESH:D017239,Chemical) :: ['taxol']


abstract: PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The purpose of this study is to provide an update on recent developments regarding the medical management of male lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). RECENT FINDINGS: @entity6731 improves storage/voiding symptoms and @entity2183 and is effective within the framework of a trial without a catheter. 5a-reductase inhibitors (5ARIs) are not associated with @entity2675 development. Alcohol consumption seems to increase the risk of high-grade @entity263 under 5ARIs. The combination of a-blocker and 5ARIs remains a well established concept for @entity1067 /LUTS @entity1 with an enhanced risk of disease progression. @entity9498 5mg/day monotherapy is a valid option particularly for @entity1 with LUTS and @entity323 ; the combination of @entity9498 5mg/day with a 5ARI is an interesting approach. The fixed-dose combination of a-blocker and antimuscarinic provides advantages regarding storage symptom improvement. This approach is currently primarily recommended as an add-on strategy. Mirabegron opens new horizons in the management of male LUTS and has no negative (but also no positive) urodynamic effects. Several encouraging novel approaches are currently in the experimental phase and might enhance our therapeutic armamentarium in the near future. SUMMARY: The recent literature refines our knowledge on current therapeutic options and provides further evidence for an individualized, risk-adapted approach for male LUTS mainly depending on symptoms status, comorbidities (i.e. @entity323 ) and risk of disease progression.

title: Medical treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms/ XXXX : anything new in 2015.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity323 :: ('MESH:D007172', 'Disease') :: ['erectile dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity6731 :: ('MESH:C095285', 'Chemical') :: ['Silodosin']

entities_list: @entity2675 :: ('MESH:D018567', 'Disease') :: ['male breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity1067 :: ('MESH:D011470', 'Disease') :: ['benign prostatic hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity9498 :: ('MESH:C429886', 'Chemical') :: ['Tadalafil']

answer: @entity1067 :: (MESH:D011470,Disease) :: ['benign prostatic hyperplasia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Despite continued progress towards elucidation of the biochemical, genetic and immunopathological pathways in @entity1694 , a definitive cure remains elusive. The initial therapy must be directed to arrest disease progression. Oral minipulse therapy (OMP) with @entity5935 / @entity619 has been tried and shown to be an effective modality to arrest the disease progression in @entity1694 . OBJECTIVES: @entity1499 ( @entity6822 ) is a time-tested effective treatment extensively used in various @entity792 with good efficacy, safety and tolerability on a long-term basis. We intended to compare the efficacy of @entity6822 with that of OMP in @entity1 with unstable @entity1694 . @entity1 AND METHODS: In a prospective randomized open label study, 52 @entity1 with @entity1694 were divided into two groups. @entity1 in group 1 received 10 mg @entity1499 weekly. Group 2 @entity1 received corticosteroid OMP which comprised tablets of @entity619 2.5 mg (5 tablets), taken on 2 consecutive days in a week (total weekly dose of 5 mg @entity619 ). RESULTS: In the @entity6822 group, among 25 @entity1 analyzed, during the course of treatment for 24 weeks, overall 6 @entity1 developed new @entity75 . In the OMP group, 7/25 @entity1 developed new lesions. Statistical correlation between the two groups showed no significance in the number of @entity1 who developed new lesions (increasing disease activity) in either of the groups. At the end of the study, it was demonstrated that @entity1 in both groups had a similar reduction in the @entity66 activity score. CONCLUSION: Our study demonstrated that both drugs are equally effective in controlling the disease activity of @entity1694 . @entity6822 can be used in @entity1 with active @entity1694 , wherever @entity288 are contraindicated.

title: A Randomized Comparative Study of Oral Corticosteroid Minipulse and Low-Dose Oral XXXX in the Treatment of Unstable Vitiligo.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['vitiligo disease']

entities_list: @entity5935 :: ('MESH:D001623', 'Chemical') :: ['betamethasone']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['vitiliginous lesions']

entities_list: @entity1694 :: ('MESH:D014820', 'Disease') :: ['vitiligo vulgaris', 'vitiligo']

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['dexamethasone']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['Methotrexate', 'methotrexate']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune disorders']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity1499 :: (MESH:D008727,Chemical) :: ['Methotrexate']


abstract: PURPOSE: To define the time course of @entity227 after @entity7995 and factors predictive of this course in the @entity1 enrolled in the @entity7995 Treatment Trial. METHODS: The cohort for this study consisted of the 438 @entity1 who completed the 6-month follow-up visit. Visual acuity was measured at baseline and at seven follow-up visits during the first 6 months. Factors predictive of recovery were evaluated with univariate and multivariate statistical tests. RESULTS: Visual recovery was rapid in all three treatment groups. In almost all @entity1 , regardless of treatment group and initial severity of @entity227 , improvement began within the first month. Among the 278 @entity1 with baseline visual acuity of 20/50 or worse, all @entity1 improved at least one line of visual acuity, and all except six improved at least three lines, during the 6-month follow-up period. Baseline visual acuity was the best predictor of the 6-month visual acuity outcome (P = 0.0001). Older age was statistically associated with a slightly worse outcome (P = 0.02), but this appeared to be of no clinical importance. CONCLUSIONS: In most @entity1 with @entity7995 , @entity227 is rapid. The only factor of value in predicting the visual outcome is initial severity of @entity227 . However, even when initial loss is severe, @entity227 is still good in most @entity1 . @entity1 not following the usual course of @entity227 should be considered atypical. For such @entity1 , further investigation in regard to etiology of the @entity227 may be appropriate.

title: The course of @entity227 after XXXX . Experience of the @entity7995 Treatment Trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual recovery', 'visual loss']

entities_list: @entity7995 :: ('MESH:D009902', 'Disease') :: ['optic neuritis', 'Optic Neuritis']

answer: @entity7995 :: (MESH:D009902,Disease) :: ['optic neuritis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of intravenous @entity3303 combined with @entity3659 on @entity158 relief and plasma @entity750 , @entity1063 , and @entity935 levels. METHODS: A prospective, randomized, double-blind comparative study was conducted in 30 @entity1 . All @entity1 received 25 mg @entity3659 ; monotherapy group (n=15) received 125 mL saline, and combined therapy group (n=15) received 240 mg @entity3303 in 125 mL saline once a week for 4 weeks. @entity750 , @entity1063 , and @entity935 were measured in plasma at time zero (T0) and after 4 weeks (T4). @entity158 intensity was rated on a numerical scale at the beginning of the study and weekly for 4 weeks. RESULTS: All @entity1 were females and the mean age was 44.7  10.5 years for monotherapy group and 40.9  11.6 years for combined therapy group. No difference in @entity158 intensity at baseline was observed between groups, with a decrease after treatment in monotherapy group (T0: 7.0  1.2 and T4: 4.0  2.1) and in combined therapy group (T0: 7.6  0.8 and T4: 4.1  2.3). Plasma @entity750 and @entity1063 levels were similar in the 2 groups at T0 and T4. An increase in @entity935 levels was observed in monotherapy group from the beginning to the end of treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Combined administration of 240 mg intravenous @entity3303 (once a week) and 25 mg @entity3659 for 4 weeks did not modify @entity158 intensity or plasma @entity750 , @entity1063 , or @entity935 concentrations in @entity239 @entity1 .

title: Effect of intravenous @entity3303 associated with @entity3659 on @entity158 relief and plasma XXXX , @entity1063 , and @entity935 concentrations in @entity239 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity239 :: ('MESH:D005356', 'Disease') :: ['fibromyalgia']

entities_list: @entity3659 :: ('MESH:D000639', 'Chemical') :: ['amitriptyline']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity3303 :: ('MESH:D008012', 'Chemical') :: ['lidocaine']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['serotonin', 'Serotonin']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['norepinephrine']

answer: @entity750 :: (MESH:D012701,Chemical) :: ['serotonin']


abstract: AIM: Maternal @entity28 is associated with significant pregnancy complications and is a risk factor for the development of @entity101 disorders of pregnancy as well as other adverse outcomes. There are few data regarding the hemodynamic aberrations observed in maternal @entity28 . The aim of this study was to investigate maternal hemodynamics in morbidly @entity28 pregnant @entity1 . METHODS: This was a prospective, case-control study of morbidly @entity28 @entity1 (BMI >40   kg/m(2) ) and controls (BMI 20-29.9   kg/m(2) ) at a ratio of one-to-ten. The control population was matched for maternal age and gestational age. BMI was calculated based on maternal height and weight at the time of recruitment to the study, which occurred on the same day as the hemodynamic assessment. Pregnant @entity1 in the second or third trimester of pregnancy were included. @entity1 who were found to be @entity101 at any time were excluded from the study. USCOM-1A(  ) was used to assess hemodynamic parameters (heart rate, @entity64 volume, cardiac output and systemic vascular resistance). The parameters were corrected for body surface area (BSA) to provide the @entity64 volume index (SVI), cardiac index (CI) and systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI). Mann Whitney-U test was used to compare the medians of the hemodynamic variables between the two groups. RESULTS: A total of 30 @entity28 @entity1 and 327 controls were recruited. There was no difference in maternal (p   =   0.506) or gestational (p   =   0.693) age at recruitment between the groups. Mean arterial pressure was higher both at pregnancy booking (90 vs 80 mmHg, p   <   0.001) and study recruitment (91 vs 85 mmHg, p   <   0.001) in the @entity28 group. Heart rate was higher in the @entity28 group (p   =   0.003), however there was no difference in @entity64 volume (p   =   0.271), cardiac output (p   =   0.238) or systemic vascular resistance (p   =   0.635). Following correction of these parameters for BSA, the SVI (34 vs 45   ml/m(2) , p   <   0.001) and CI (2.96 vs 3.64   L/min/m(2) , p   <   0.001) were significantly reduced in the @entity28 group, whilst the SVRI was significantly higher (2354 vs 1840 dynes-sec-cm(5) /m(2) , p   <   0.001). CONCLUSION: The findings of our study suggest that cardiac function is significantly altered in morbidly @entity28 pregnant @entity1 . In order to make appropriate comparisons between individuals, it is imperative that hemodynamic parameters are indexed for BSA - as indeed they are in pediatric cardiology. The novel finding of a reduced CI in morbidly @entity28 pregnant @entity1 may explain the predisposition to @entity1468 and other adverse outcomes in this population and warrants further investigation.

title: Impaired Maternal Hemodynamics in Morbidly Obese XXXX : A Case-control Study.

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obese', 'obesity']

entities_list: @entity1468 :: ('MESH:D011225', 'Disease') :: ['preeclampsia']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Women']


abstract: The regulation of gene expression is critical for organismal function and is an important source of phenotypic diversity between species. Understanding the genetic and molecular mechanisms responsible for regulatory divergence is therefore expected to provide insight into evolutionary change. Using deep sequencing, we quantified total and allele-specific mRNA expression levels genome-wide in two closely related @entity238 species ( @entity238 and @entity13271 ) and their F(1) hybrids. We show that 78% of expressed genes have divergent expression between species, and that cis- and trans-regulatory divergence affects 51% and 66% of expressed genes, respectively, with 35% of genes showing evidence of both. This is a relatively larger contribution of trans-regulatory divergence than was expected based on prior studies, and may result from the unique demographic history of @entity13271 . Genes with antagonistic cis- and trans-regulatory changes were more likely to be misexpressed in hybrids, consistent with the idea that such regulatory changes contribute to hybrid incompatibilities. In addition, cis-regulatory differences contributed more to divergent expression of genes that showed additive rather than nonadditive inheritance. A correlation between sequence similarity and the conservation of cis-regulatory activity was also observed that appears to be a general feature of regulatory evolution. Finally, we examined regulatory divergence that may have contributed to the evolution of a specific trait--divergent feeding behavior in @entity13271 . Overall, this study illustrates the power of mRNA sequencing for investigating regulatory evolution, provides novel insight into the evolution of gene expression in @entity238 , and reveals general trends that are likely to extend to other species.

title: Regulatory divergence in XXXX revealed by mRNA-seq.

entities_list: @entity238 :: ('7227', 'Species') :: ['Drosophila', 'D. melanogaster']

answer: @entity238 :: (7227,Species) :: ['Drosophila']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: to explore the clinical and microbiological characteristics of @entity3261 infection, and therefore to provide information for the prevention and treatment of the disease. METHODS: the clinical and microbiological data were analyzed for @entity1 proved to have @entity3261 infection by blood culture obtained from May 2008 to July 2009 in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University. Related literature were reviewed. RESULTS: there were 4 males and 2 females aging 5 - 88 years old. All the @entity1 suffered from fever and chillsor malaise, and had increased peripheral WBC or neutrophil count. The majority (5/6) of the @entity281 was @entity55 , characterized by mild cough and expectoration, lung rales, patchy infiltrates on chest X-ray. All the @entity1 had underlying diseases or were immunocompromised. Five of the 6 @entity1 had close soil exposure. Four of the 6 @entity1 received broad-spectrum antibiotics or immunosuppressive therapy. Antibacterial susceptibility testing showed that, all the isolates of @entity3261 were susceptible to the third generation cephalosporins, @entity23870 , Carbapenems, @entity2887 , @entity803 , @entity6616 and some of the @entity581 , but resistant to penicillins, penicillins/enzyme inhibitors, first and fourth generation cephalosporins, and helices beta-lactamase antibiotics. There were no complications, and all @entity1 recovered uneventfully after treatment with antibiotics according to the susceptibility testing. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3261 @entity281 often occur in @entity1 with underlying risk factors. The clinical manifestations of @entity3261 infection are nonspecific. The organism is sensitive to most antibiotics, and the clinical outcome is favorable.

title: [Clinical and microbiological characteristics of XXXX infectious: six cases report and literature review].

entities_list: @entity6616 :: ('MESH:D009582', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrofurantoin']

entities_list: @entity3261 :: ('358', 'Species') :: ['Rhizobium radiobacter', 'rhizobium radiobacter']

entities_list: @entity23870 :: ('MESH:D002513', 'Chemical') :: ['cephamycins']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity2887 :: ('MESH:D024841', 'Chemical') :: ['fluoroquinolones']

entities_list: @entity581 :: ('MESH:D000617', 'Chemical') :: ['aminoglycosides']

entities_list: @entity803 :: ('MESH:D013752', 'Chemical') :: ['tetracycline']

answer: @entity3261 :: (358,Species) :: ['Rhizobium radiobacter']


abstract: Our objective was to investigate the role of the ventrolateral medulla (VLM) in the control of breathing during the awake state. In 17 awake adult @entity1237 , chronically implanted thermodes were used to cool the VLM and thereby cause reversible @entity528 in all or portions of the area between the first hypoglossal rootlet and the ponto-medullary junction (so-called area M (rostral) and area S). Within 5 s after the initiation of cooling, 60-100% of areas M and S, pulmonary ventilation (VE) decreased uniformly over conditions of eucapnia, @entity2944 , @entity519 , and exercise (P < 0.05). Between 10 and 20 s of cooling, the reduction in VE was approximately 10% greater during eucapnia and @entity2944 than during @entity519 and exercise (P < 0.05). For the remaining 10 s of cooling and for about 1 min after cooling, VE increased to and above control level. Cooling only rostral area M or only caudal area M-rostral area S affected breathing qualitatively in the same manner as when 60-100% of areas M and S were cooled. However, cooling caudal area S had effects that differed significantly (P < 0.05) from more rostral cooling in that the initial decrease in VE was attenuated and the subsequent increase was accentuated. The initial uniform decreased VE during cooling suggests that superficial VLM nonchemoreceptor neurons facilitate breathing. The subsequent relatively greater effect of cooling during eucapnia and @entity2944 probably reflects dysfunction of chemoreceptor-related neurons that normally stimulate breathing. The stimulation of breathing during the later stages and after cooling may suggest that some VLM neurons inhibit breathing.

title: Effects on breathing of ventrolateral medullary cooling in awake XXXX .

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['neuronal dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity2944 :: ('MESH:D006935', 'Disease') :: ['hypercapnia']

answer: @entity1237 :: (9925,Species) :: ['goats']


abstract: AIM: To analyze the clinical and dosimetric predictive factors for radiation-induced @entity1208 in @entity1 with @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) during three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT). METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 208 consecutive @entity1 (146 @entity1 and 62 @entity1 ) with @entity1149 treated with 3D-CRT. The median age of the @entity1 was 64 years (range 35-87 years). The clinical and treatment parameters including gender, age, performance status, sequential chemotherapy, concurrent chemotherapy, presence of carinal or subcarinal lymph nodes, pretreatment weight loss, mean dose to the entire esophagus, maximal point dose to the esophagus, and percentage of volume of esophagus receiving >55 Gy were studied. Clinical and dosimetric factors for radiation-induced acute and late grade 3-5 @entity1208 were analyzed according to Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) criteria. RESULTS: Twenty-five (12%) of the two hundred and eight @entity1 developed acute or late grade 3-5 @entity1208 . Among them, nine @entity1 had both acute and late grade 3-5 @entity1208 , two died of late esophageal perforation. Concurrent chemotherapy and maximal point dose to the esophagus > or =60 Gy were significantly associated with the risk of grade 3-5 @entity1208 . Fifty-four (26%) of the two hundred and eight @entity1 received concurrent chemotherapy. Among them, 25 (46%) developed grade 3-5 @entity1208 (P = 0.0001<0.01). However, no grade 3-5 @entity1208 occurred in @entity1 who received a maximal point dose to the esophagus <60 Gy (P = 0.0001<0.01). CONCLUSION: Concurrent chemotherapy and the maximal esophageal point dose > or =60 Gy are significantly associated with the risk of grade 3-5 @entity1208 in @entity1 with @entity1149 treated with 3D-CRT.

title: Clinical and dosimetric factors of radiation-induced XXXX : radiation-induced esophageal toxicity.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1208 :: ('MESH:D004935', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal injury']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small-cell lung cancer']

answer: @entity1208 :: (MESH:D004935,Disease) :: ['esophageal injury']


abstract: Intraperitoneal injections of @entity526 endotoxin in albino @entity35 produces a decrease in food and water intake and a drop in body temperature. The drop in temperature and in water intake is probably proportional to the size of the dose. Using a behavioral test in which animals are trained to press a bar at a steady rate for intermittent food or water reward, it is possible to demonstrate the sudden onset of the toxin effect at 30 to 45 minutes after injection. In any group of @entity35 , all of whom were presumably exposed to @entity526 , three types of response to toxin can be found: (a) Sharp reduction in water intake 30 minutes after injection. (b) Little or no change in intake or rate of working for water reward. (c) Immediate @entity308 of work rate. These three types of reaction appear related to previous experience with the toxin. The "normal" or "inexperienced" reaction a was seen in animals who had not been given toxin before. The "protected" reaction b, with little or no effect of toxin injection on response rate was frequently found 4 to 5 days after a previous injection. The "susceptible" reaction c was found in three animals after 14 or more days had passed since a previous injection. Injections of toxin into the lateral hypothalamic region of four animals through implanted cannulae had no effect on the rate of bar pressing for water. Control injections of @entity3303 blocked response rate completely for brief periods in three animals.

title: EFFECTS OF BACTERIAL ENDOTOXIN ON WATER INTAKE, FOOD INTAKE, AND BODY TEMPERATURE IN THE ALBINO XXXX .

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity3303 :: ('MESH:D008012', 'Chemical') :: ['lidocaine']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli', 'E. coli']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['RAT']


abstract: AIM: Assessment of the frequency of subjectively assessed symptoms of @entity250 and @entity250 in @entity1 with @entity161 in comparison with general population results. METHOD: The study was anonymous and was conducted on a group of 56 @entity1 with @entity161 -- @entity1 of @entity146 hospital day-wards. A Sexological Questionnaire was used, which was based on the ICD-10 criteria. The questions contained, concern subjective perception of the occurrence of symptoms within the last 6 months. RESULTS: The symptoms of at least one dysfunction were reported by 93% @entity1 (96% of @entity1 and 90% of @entity1 ), symptoms of at least one disorder of @entity458 by 53.6% @entity1 (36% of @entity1 and 71% of @entity1 ). Symptoms of at least one @entity250 or disorders of @entity458 were confirmed by 96.4% of @entity1 , most of whom reported signs of numerous conditions. The results achieved on frequencies in the study, were significantly higher than the ones in the "Report on sexuality of Poles" done by Lew-Starowicz in 2002. Symptoms characteristic for @entity250 were declared by 5 @entity1 (9%). Almost 20% of the @entity1 admitted to a constant attraction towards the same sex, whilst 10.6% of the do not accept their homosexual orientation; 17.8% reported having doubts about their orientation. CONCLUSION: The obtained results point to a need of further studies with resembling methodology, on a more representative and larger group of @entity1 with @entity161 . Confirmation of the data gathered in the pilot study would imply a necessity of introducing effective methods of evaluating sexual problems within a routine diagnostic and therapeutic proceedings. The presented results suggest that every @entity1 with @entity161 requires a discussion about @entity250 , as well as therapeutic actions in case of their prevalence.

title: [Frequency of subjectively assessed symptoms of XXXX and @entity250 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'people', 'persons', 'men']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['sexual preference']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity250 :: ('MESH:D012735', 'Disease') :: ['sexual dysfunctions and disorders', 'sexual dysfunction', 'sexual disorders', 'sexual dysfunctions', 'sexual identity disorders']

answer: @entity250 :: (MESH:D012735,Disease) :: ['sexual dysfunction']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To assess the influence of beta2-receptor suppression on top of selective @entity8652 -receptor blockade on the occurrence of vascular events and on all-cause mortality in @entity1 with @entity1187 ( @entity1187 ) or @entity712 ( @entity712 ). METHODS: Systematic review of studies published since 1980. Randomised controlled trials directly comparing @entity8652 blockers with @entity8652 +2 blockers, or comparing the two beta blockers with placebo, were included. Studies had a minimum treatment period of three months and total mortality or vascular events as their primary or secondary outcome. RESULTS: Of the included studies, five directly compared beta blockers (3733 @entity1 ) and 28 compared beta blockers with placebo (30,889 @entity1 ). These latter studies were heterogeneous in study population, dose and type of beta blockers. In @entity1187 , the only study directly comparing different beta blockers was underpowered to detect a difference on mortality, while in @entity712 @entity8652 +2 blockers significantly decreased mortality compared with b1 blockers (RR 0.86, 95% confidence interval 0.78 to 0.94). In @entity1187 , @entity8652 blockers in placebo-controlled trials non-significantly reduced total mortality (RR 0.82, 0.67 to 1.01) or vascular events (RR 0.68, 0.42 to 1.11), while @entity8652 +2 blockers were associated with a significant decrease in total mortality (RR 0.73, 0.64 to 0.82), and vascular events (RR 0.71, 0.59 to 0.84). In @entity712 , @entity8652 and @entity8652 +2 blockers reduced total mortality, while only @entity8652 +2 blockers decreased vascular events (RR 0.80, 0.64 to 1.00). CONCLUSIONS: Additional beta2-receptor blockade may be more effective than @entity8652 -receptor blockade alone in preventing total mortality and vascular events in @entity1 with @entity1187 or, to a lesser extent, @entity712 . However, only a few studies directly compared beta blockers, and indirect comparisons were subject to heterogeneity, which weakens firm conclusions.

title: A systematic review of selective and non-selective beta blockers for prevention of vascular events in @entity1 with @entity1187 or XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['HF', 'heart failure']

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['ACS', 'acute coronary syndrome']

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['heart failure']


abstract: We report the safety and efficacy of autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT) in 30 @entity1 with high-grade @entity1893 ( @entity1893 ) in first complete remission ( @entity3432 ) following remission induction chemotherapy. Two @entity1 relapsed prior to ABMT. All @entity1 were conditioned with high-dose melphalan. In Addition, ten received fractionated total body irradiation, one hemi-body irradiation and four high-dose @entity2879 . Unmanipulated non-cryopreserved autologous marrow was reinfused within 56 h of harvesting. Engraftment occurred in all @entity1 with a median of 11 days of @entity1398 (< 0.5 x 10(9) l-1), a median requirement for platelet transfusion of 3 days and packed red cell transfusion of 2 units, with a median hospital stay of 18 days post transplant. There was no procedure-related mortality and only minor morbidity was observed. Two @entity1 relapsed at 1 and 2 months post transplantation, and one @entity1 died of @entity2 33 months after transplantation. The remaining 25 @entity1 remain alive, well and in @entity3432 with a median follow-up of 44 months. The event-free survival at 3 years for all @entity1 considered for ABMT was 83%. We conclude that ABMT for high-grade @entity1893 in @entity3432 with non-cryopreserved marrow results in rapid haematological recovery without growth factor support. It is safe and is associated with high survival when used as consolidation of CR in high-risk @entity1 .

title: Autologous bone marrow transplantation in poor-risk high-grade XXXX in first complete remission. Newcastle and Northern Lymphoma Group.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma of the lung']

entities_list: @entity2879 :: ('MESH:D005047', 'Chemical') :: ['etoposide']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ["non-Hodgkin's lymphoma", 'NHL']

answer: @entity1893 :: (MESH:D008228,Disease) :: ['non-Hodgkin's lymphoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Despite behavioural signs of flattened affect, @entity1 affected by @entity161 show enhanced sensitivity to negative stimuli. The current literature concerning neural circuitry for emotions supports dysregulations of cortico-limbic networks, but gives contrasting results. Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) could persistently influence emotional regulation and neural correlates of response to emotional stimuli in healthy @entity1 . This study evaluated the effect of ACEs and @entity3491 on neural responses to emotional stimuli (negative facial expression). METHOD: Brain blood- @entity26 -level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging neural responses to a face-matching paradigm, and regional @entity62 ( @entity62 ) volumes were studied at 3.0 T in the amygdala, hippocampus, anterior cingulated cortex (ACC) and prefrontal cortex (PFC). The severity of ACEs was assessed. @entity1 included 20 consecutively admitted in- @entity1 affected by @entity3491 , and 20 unrelated healthy volunteers from the general population. RESULTS: @entity1 reported higher ACEs than controls. Worse ACEs proportionally led to decreasing responses in the amygdala and hippocampus, and to increasing responses in the PFC and ACC in all @entity1 . @entity1 showed higher activations in the amygdala and hippocampus, and lower activations in the PFC and ACC. Higher ACEs were associated with higher @entity62 volumes in the PFC and ACC, and @entity161 was associated with @entity62 reduction in all studied regions. CONCLUSIONS: Structural and functional brain correlates of emotional reactivity are influenced by both current @entity3491 and the severity of past ACEs.

title: Emotional reactivity in chronic XXXX : structural and functional brain correlates and the influence of adverse childhood experiences.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Patients', 'humans', 'patients', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity3491 :: ('MESH:C580334', 'Disease') :: ['chronic undifferentiated schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['GM', 'grey matter']

answer: @entity161 :: (MESH:D012559,Disease) :: ['schizophrenia']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: The endoscopic and histologic findings of @entity354 are usually indistinct. The current study was designed to define accurately the histology in @entity354 and to develop a hypothesis that reflux produces immunohistochemical changes. METHODS: The study was based on the examination of endoscopic esophageal biopsy specimens obtained from 20 @entity1 with evidence of reflux with 24-hour pH-meter monitoring and from 20 control subjects without clinical or endoscopic reflux. The pathogenesis of @entity354 was discussed by comparing the histopathologic changes with determined Ki-67, @entity876 and @entity588 immunoreactivity. RESULTS: In this study, the presence of @entity2910 was determined endoscopically in only 55% of the @entity1 with @entity354 , while @entity2910 was detected in 60% of them. No correlation was found between presence of @entity2910 and @entity2910 in the @entity1 with @entity354 . There was a significant difference between control cases and the @entity1 according to histological parameters, which included basal activity (p=0.006), height of papillae (p=0.006), intraepithelial neutrophils (p=0.000), intraepithelial eosinophils (p=0.006), congestion (p=0.001), and dilated intercellular spaces (p=0.006). Immunohistochemically, there was a significant difference in the expression of @entity876 and Ki-67 between the three study groups ( @entity1 with/without @entity2910 , controls) (p<0.05). However, there was no difference in @entity588 between the @entity1 with reflux and control cases. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, we considered that @entity2910 does not always accompany reflux, and the lack of reliable diagnostic histologic criteria is still a serious problem for pathologists. Immunohistochemically, an increase in cell proliferative activity and @entity876 protein accumulation to repair oxidative DNA damage related to reflux were observed. However, the close @entity588 immunoreactivity in all groups that was indicated by a weak positivity suggests that the inhibition of apoptosis may not be involved in @entity354 .

title: Immunohistochemical analysis of Ki-67, @entity876 and @entity588 expression related to histological features in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2910 :: ('MESH:D004941', 'Disease') :: ['endoscopic esophagitis', 'esophagitis', 'microscopic esophagitis']

entities_list: @entity354 :: ('MESH:D005764', 'Disease') :: ['gastroesophageal reflux disease', 'reflux esophagitis']

answer: @entity354 :: (MESH:D005764,Disease) :: ['gastroesophageal reflux disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity46 is a rare condition, which usually develops in a surgical scar of Cesarean section or hysterectomy. Certain factors relating to knowledge of the clinical pattern of this disease make correct diagnosis and treatment difficult. The aim was to identify the different forms of presentation of this disease entity through publishing the results from our experience of surgical management of such lesions. METHODS: @entity1 diagnosed with abdominal wall @entity46 over a period of 10 y were identified from the comprehensive surgical database of our institution. The age, parity, symptoms, previous surgeries, initial diagnosis, diagnostic modalities, current operation, and recurrences were surveyed and analyzed. RESULTS: There were 40 @entity1 with a mean age of 32.3    5.2 y. All of the @entity1 (100%, n = 40) had an abdominal mass in or adjacent to surgical scars. The main symptom was @entity158 , noncyclic (45%, n =18), or cyclic (40%, n = 16) in nature. The mean duration of symptoms was 18.2    23.4 mo. The preoperative diagnosis was correct in 47.5% (n = 19) of the cases. Surgical treatment failed in 3 cases (3/33, 9.1%), and the operations were performed once again. CONCLUSIONS: Abdominal wall endometriosis may be difficult to diagnose as it is comparatively an unfamiliar entity that has not received its due attention among general surgeons, so far. Therefore, in @entity1 with a palpable subcutaneous mass in or around surgical scars with a history of violation of uterus, a thorough history and physical examination is necessary, and usually sufficient to make correct diagnosis of @entity46 .

title: XXXX ; a 10-year experience and brief review of the literature.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity46 :: ('MESH:D004715', 'Disease') :: ['endometrioma', 'Abdominal wall endometrioma']

answer: @entity46 :: (MESH:D004715,Disease) :: ['Abdominal wall endometrioma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Multidrug-resistant (MDR) gram-negative bacilli are important nosocomial pathogens. OBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence of transmission of MDR @entity3064 and @entity796 from @entity1 to @entity12767 ( @entity12767 ) during routine @entity1 care. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. SETTING: Medical and surgical intensive care units. Methods. We observed @entity12767 who entered the rooms of @entity1 colonized with MDR A. baumannii or colonized with both MDR A. baumannii and MDR @entity796 . We examined their hands before room entry, their disposable gloves and/or gowns upon completion of @entity1 care, and their hands after removal of gloves and/or gowns and before hand hygiene. RESULTS: Sixty-five interactions occurred with @entity1 colonized with MDR A. baumannii and 134 with @entity1 colonized with both MDR A. baumannii and MDR @entity796 . Of 199 interactions between @entity12767 and @entity1 colonized with MDR A. baumannii, 77 (38.7% [95% confidence interval {CI}, 31.9%-45.5%]) resulted in HCW contamination of gloves and/or gowns, and 9 (4.5% [95% CI, 1.6%-7.4%]) resulted in contamination of HCW hands after glove removal before hand hygiene. Of 134 interactions with @entity1 colonized with MDR @entity796 , 11 (8.2% [95% CI, 3.6%-12.9%]) resulted in HCW contamination of gloves and/or gowns, and 1 resulted in HCW contamination of hands. Independent risk factors for contamination with MDR A. baumannii were manipulation of wound dressing (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 25.9 [95% CI, 3.1-208.8]), manipulation of artificial airway (aOR, 2.1 [95% CI, 1.1-4.0]), time in room longer than 5 minutes (aOR, 4.3 [95% CI, 2.0-9.1]), being a physician or nurse practitioner (aOR, 7.4 [95% CI, 1.6-35.2]), and being a nurse (aOR, 2.3 [95% CI, 1.1-4.8]). CONCLUSIONS: Gowns, gloves, and unwashed hands of @entity12767 were frequently contaminated with MDR A. baumannii. MDR A. baumannii appears to be more easily transmitted than MDR @entity796 and perhaps more easily transmitted than previously studied @entity3256 -resistant @entity794 or @entity2176 -resistant Enterococcus. This ease of transmission may help explain the emergence of MDR A. baumannii.

title: Frequent multidrug-resistant XXXX contamination of gloves, gowns, and hands of @entity12767 .

entities_list: @entity3256 :: ('MESH:D008712', 'Chemical') :: ['methicillin']

entities_list: @entity2176 :: ('MESH:D014640', 'Chemical') :: ['vancomycin']

entities_list: @entity796 :: ('287', 'Species') :: ['Pseudomonas aeruginosa', 'P. aeruginosa']

entities_list: @entity12767 :: ('MESH:D000382', 'Disease') :: ['HCWs', 'healthcare workers']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']

entities_list: @entity3064 :: ('470', 'Species') :: ['Acinetobacter baumannii']

answer: @entity3064 :: (470,Species) :: ['Acinetobacter baumannii']


abstract: 27 subjects with active @entity2520 were treated by modified Widman flap surgery and systemic @entity803 and divided into 4 groups based on pre- and post-therapy hazard rates (% of sites losing greater than 3 mm of attachment in 1 year). Pre- and post-therapy hazard rates were respectively: group I (3 subjects) less than 4 and less than 4; group II (8 subjects) greater than 4 and less than 4; group III (3 subjects) less than 4 and greater than 4; group IV (refractory group of 13 subjects) greater than 4 and greater than 4. Baseline mean pocket depths and attachment loss of groups I and II subjects were less than groups III and IV subjects and exhibited less suppuration. 6 group IV subjects lost a total of 38 teeth after therapy, in contrast to no @entity2524 in subjects in the other 3 groups. Redness, @entity548 on probing, plaque levels and age did not differ among groups. Subjects in the 4 groups differed in the subgingival species to which they showed elevated serum antibody responses. Group IV subjects showed elevated responses to a select range of gram-negative species, including A. actinomycetemcomitans strains Y4 or ATCC 29523, @entity8209 and @entity3288 . No subject in any of the other groups exhibited an elevated response to @entity3288 . The mean % of each species in all sampled sites, both before and after therapy, was computed for each subject. Subjects in groups III and IV (high post-therapy hazard rates) exhibited elevated mean levels of @entity3289 , @entity8209 , @entity2868 , @entity4424 , and @entity2523 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Clinical, microbiological and immunological features of subjects with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2868 :: ('817', 'Species') :: ['S. intermedius']

entities_list: @entity2520 :: ('MESH:D010510', 'Disease') :: ['destructive periodontal diseases']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity2524 :: ('MESH:D016388', 'Disease') :: ['tooth loss']

entities_list: @entity803 :: ('MESH:D013752', 'Chemical') :: ['tetracycline']

entities_list: @entity2523 :: ('837', 'Species') :: ['B. gingivalis']

answer: @entity2520 :: (MESH:D010510,Disease) :: ['refractory periodontal diseases']


abstract: Lipoproteins were isolated from plasma of @entity1 , @entity235 , @entity95 , @entity35 , and @entity1573 by ultracentrifugation in continuous density gradients using the @entity8717 @entity702 and @entity10270 @entity702 zonal rotors. Both the VLDL and the LDL of @entity1 plasma were separated easily from the HDL and from the other more plentiful plasma proteins by centrifugation for only 1 or 2 hr in the @entity8717 or @entity10270 rotor, respectively. Satisfactory separation of the HDL from the more dense plasma proteins was not achieved with these rotors. The @entity1 LDL achieved isopycnic equilibrium (d 1.04) on prolonged periods (> 24 hr) of centrifugation in a @entity969 -KBr density gradient. The pattern of distribution of @entity165 and phospholipid throughout the density gradient coincided with the pattern of distribution of the lipoprotein-protein measured spectrophotometrically or chemically. The concentration of @entity165 and @entity10271 in the lipoproteins isolated by zonal ultracentrifugation agreed with analyses reported for lipoproteins isolated by sequential centrifugation in solutions of increasing density. The lipoproteins isolated by zonal ultracentrifugation were characterized further by their electrophoretic behavior. The fractions which were identified as the LDL (d 1.04-1.05) from all species migrated on paper as a beta-globulin; the LDL from plasma of @entity235 contained an additional component which has been designated as an alpha(2)-globulin. The fractions which were identified as the HDL from all species migrated as an alpha(1)-globulin. Reaction of @entity1 LDL with either rabbit antihuman beta-lipoprotein or rabbit antihuman serum resulted in a single immunodiffusion band. The S(f, 1.063) of the @entity1 LDL was calculated to be 6.0. When plasma from @entity1 or @entity95 was centrifuged in the @entity10270 rotor, the HDL was not visible as a distinct peak and was not separable from the bulk of the more dense plasma proteins; when plasma from @entity235 or @entity1573 was centrifuged under identical conditions, the HDL was clearly detectable. Even though the mean density of the HDL from @entity235 or @entity1573 was not different from that of @entity1 or @entity95 , the visibility of this lipoprotein in @entity235 and @entity1573 was probably due to its high concentration in the plasma of these species. When plasma from the @entity35 was centrifuged under similar conditions, the HDL was also clearly in evidence. Although @entity35 plasma contained a relatively small concentration of HDL, the lipoprotein had a lower mean density than did the HDL of the other species and was therefore more easily separable from the dense plasma proteins. The procedure of zonal ultracentrifugation for the isolation of lipoproteins by flotation is simultaneously preparative and analytical and should find useful application in the investigation of the soluble lipoproteins from plasma and tissues.

title: Isolation of plasma lipoproteins by zonal ultracentrifugation in the @entity8717 and XXXX @entity702 rotors.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human', 'man']

entities_list: @entity95 :: ('9986', 'Species') :: ['rabbits', 'rabbit']

entities_list: @entity1573 :: ('9031', 'Species') :: ['chickens', 'chicken']

entities_list: @entity969 :: ('MESH:D013395', 'Chemical') :: ['sucrose']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

entities_list: @entity702 :: ('MESH:D014025', 'Chemical') :: ['titanium']

entities_list: @entity10271 :: ('CHEBI:16247', 'Chemical') :: ['phospholipid']

answer: @entity10270 :: (4710,Gene) :: ['B15']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity3925 is a convenient oral anticoagulant for @entity1 with @entity1211 ( @entity1211 ). The impact of @entity3925 and @entity2067 antagonists (VKAs) on @entity3556 ( @entity3556 ) in real life has not been previously explored. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a single-center retrospective study on @entity3556 in female @entity1211 @entity1 of reproductive age who were treated with either @entity3925 or VKAs. RESULTS: Questionnaire results were available for 52 @entity1 in each treatment group. Approximately two thirds of all @entity1 reported @entity3556 after initiation of anticoagulant therapy. @entity1 using @entity3925 were more likely to experience prolonged (>8days) @entity548 (27 % vs. 8.3%, P=0.017). @entity3925 treatment increased the duration of @entity548 from median 5 (IQR 3.5-6.0) days before start of treatment to 6 (IQR 4.1-8.9) days (P<0.001). VKA treatment did not lead to significant prolongation of the menstrual period. @entity1 on @entity3925 more frequently reported an unscheduled contact with a physician for @entity3556 than @entity1 using VKAs (41% vs. 25%, P=0.096). They also reported increased need for @entity931 -related medical or surgical intervention (25% vs. 7.7%, P=0.032) and had more adaptations of anticoagulant therapy (15% vs. 1.9%, P=0.031). CONCLUSION: @entity3556 is frequent after initiation of anticoagulant therapy for acute symptomatic @entity1211 . Compared to VKAs, @entity3925 was associated with prolonged @entity548 and more medical interventions and adaptation of anticoagulant treatment for @entity3556 . These data can guide proactive discussion with patients starting anticoagulant therapy.

title: Abnormal uterine bleeding in @entity1211 @entity1 treated with XXXX compared to @entity2067 antagonists.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3556 :: ('MESH:D014592', 'Disease') :: ['AUB', 'abnormal uterine bleeding']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['menstrual bleeding']

entities_list: @entity2067 :: ('MESH:D014812', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin K']

entities_list: @entity3925 :: ('MESH:C503223', 'Chemical') :: ['Rivaroxaban', 'rivaroxaban']

entities_list: @entity931 :: ('MESH:D008595', 'Disease') :: ['menorrhagia']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['VTE', 'venous thromboembolism']

answer: @entity3925 :: (MESH:C503223,Chemical) :: ['rivaroxaban']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To perform a pilot study assessing possible efficacy, safety, and optimal dosage of @entity399 in essential @entity400 . METHODS: Twenty-nine @entity1 with essential @entity400 were enrolled into this 16-week-long study. After recording baseline condition, 2 different dosages of immediate-release formulation of @entity399 were evaluated (1.05 mg/d and 2.1 mg/d in 3 identical dosages). Subsequently, immediate- and extended-release formulations were compared. The Fahn-Tolosa-Marin Tremor Rating Scale, Activities of Daily Living, the EuroQol instrument for detecting health-related outcome, and Clinical Global Impression of Improvement Scale were obtained. After completing the study, a rater blinded to the treatment reassessed the @entity400 rating scales based on video recordings. RESULTS: Twenty-four @entity1 (82.6%) completed the study. Causes for discontinuation were adverse effects of @entity399 : intolerable @entity390 (n = 3), @entity25 (n = 1), and @entity148 (n = 1). Twenty-one @entity1 had a score of less than 3 on the Clinical Global Impression of Improvement Scale (treatment responders, 72.4%). All the major outcome values demonstrated significant improvement. The severity of @entity400 was reduced by 52.0% (43.7 vs 20.8 points, Fahn-Tolosa-Marin Tremor Rating Scale), and the EuroQol instrument for detecting health-related outcome score improved from 0.69 to 0.91 (P < 0.01). The dose of 2.1 mg was more effective than that of 1.05 mg; however, both the immediate- and extended-release formulations were equally efficacious. After completion of the study, 15 @entity1 (51.7% of the enrolled @entity1 ) wanted to remain on @entity399 treatment. CONCLUSIONS: This pilot study suggests that @entity399 may be effective in the treatment of essential @entity400 . However, further controlled studies are required.

title: XXXX may be an effective treatment option in essential @entity400 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity399 :: ('MESH:C061333', 'Chemical') :: ['pramipexole']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['daytime sleepiness']

answer: @entity399 :: (MESH:C061333,Chemical) :: ['Pramipexole']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To (1) quantify the diagnostic techniques used by Dental Practice-Based Research Network (DPBRN) dentists before they decide to treat primary @entity75 surgically and (2) examine whether certain dentist, practice, and @entity1 characteristics are associated with their use. METHODS: A total of 228 DPBRN dentists recorded information on 5676 consecutive restorations inserted due to primary @entity75 on 3751 @entity1 . Practitioner-investigators placed a mean of 24.9 (SD=12.4) restorations. Lesions were categorised as posterior proximal, anterior proximal, posterior occlusal, posterior smooth, or anterior smooth. Techniques used to diagnose the lesion were categorised as clinical assessment, radiographs, and/or optical. Statistical analysis utilised generalised mixed-model ANOVA to account for the hierarchical structure of the data. RESULTS: By lesion category, the diagnostic technique combinations used most frequently were clinical assessment plus radiographs for posterior proximal (47%), clinical assessment for anterior proximal (51%), clinical assessment for posterior occlusal (46%), clinical assessment for posterior smooth (77%), and clinical assessment for anterior smooth (80%). Diagnostic technique was significantly associated with lesion category after adjusting for clustering in dentists (p<0.0001). CONCLUSION: These results - obtained during actual clinical procedures rather than from questionnaire-based hypothetical scenarios - quantified the diagnostic techniques most commonly used during the actual delivery of routine restorative care. Diagnostic technique varied by lesion category and with certain practice and @entity1 characteristics.

title: Methods dentists use to diagnose primary XXXX prior to restorative treatment: findings from The Dental PBRN.

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['caries lesions']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

answer: @entity75 :: (MESH:D001927,Disease) :: ['caries lesions']


abstract: The clinical, laboratorial perimetric and fluorescein angiographic features of the arteritic type of the @entity6810 ( @entity1129 ) was studied in 25 @entity1 (40 eyes) in order to characterize the profile of the disease and to allow the differential diagnosis with the non-arteritic @entity6810 (NA-AION) and other disorders of the optic nerve. The @entity1129 occurred in @entity1 60 to 88 years old (mean 74 years) and was highly predominant in females (64 per cent). Fifteen @entity1 had both eyes involved, either simultaneously or usually within few days or weeks after the initial involvement. @entity10 and @entity3856 were the most commonly observed prodromic complaints whereas systemic symptoms of @entity226 ( @entity226 ) were seen in all @entity1 . The @entity854 most commonly found were high values of reactive C protein, plasmatic @entity2002 and erythrocyte sedimentation rate. In the great majority of the @entity1 visual acuity was severely affected. The optic disc was always abnormal, usually showing a pale @entity4 . In addition to that retinal changes were commonly found. Goldmann perimetry disclosed a wide variety of @entity227 , the most common of them being inferior altitudinal defects. @entity941 fundus angiography revealed delayed or absent disc fluorescence, or sectorial or diffuse hypofluorescence or hyperfluorescence of the optic disc. @entity3193 delay was the most characteristic and frequent angiographic finding in the arteritc type of the disease.

title: [The arteritic type of XXXX . Study of 25 cases].

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual fields abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity6810 :: ('MESH:D018917', 'Disease') :: ['anterior ischemic optic neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity226 :: ('MESH:D013700', 'Disease') :: ['giant cell arteritis', 'GCA']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['laboratorial abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity3193 :: ('MESH:D015862', 'Disease') :: ['Choroidal filling']

entities_list: @entity941 :: ('MESH:D019793', 'Chemical') :: ['Fluorescein']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['Headache']

answer: @entity6810 :: (MESH:D018917,Disease) :: ['anterior ischemic optic neuropathy']


abstract: @entity1 stomach mucosa contains a characteristic @entity988 ( @entity988 ) enzyme, sigma sigma- @entity988 . Its cDNA has been cloned from a @entity1 stomach library and sequenced. The deduced @entity535 sequence shows 59-70% identities with the other @entity1 @entity988 classes, demonstrating that the stomach enzyme represents a distinct structure, constituting class IV, coded by a separate gene, @entity19286 . The @entity535 identity with the @entity35 stomach class IV @entity988 is 88%, which is intermediate between constant and variable dehydrogenases. This value reflects higher conservation than for the classical liver enzymes of class I, compatible with a separate functional significance of the class IV enzyme. Its enzymic features can be correlated with its structural characteristics. The residues lining the substrate-binding cleft are bulky and hydrophobic, similar to those of the class I enzyme; this explains the similar specificity of both classes, compatible with the origin of class IV from class I. Position 47 has @entity534 , in contrast to @entity4022 in the @entity35 class IV enzyme, but this @entity534 is still associated with an extremely high activity (kcat = 1510 min-1) and weak coenzyme binding (KiaNAD+ = 1.6 mM). Thus, the strong interaction with coenzyme imposed by @entity534 47 in class I is probably compensated for in class IV by changes that may negatively affect coenzyme binding: @entity367 230, His271, @entity2734 260, @entity2734 261, @entity2734 363. The still higher activity and weaker coenzyme binding of @entity35 class IV (kcat = 2600 min-1, KiaNAD = 4 mM) can be correlated to the exchanges to @entity4022 47, @entity7647 230 and Tyr363. An important change at position 294, with @entity2596 in @entity1 and Ala in @entity35 class IV, is probably responsible for the dramatic difference in Km values for @entity1068 between @entity1 (37 mM) and @entity35 (2.4 M) class IV enzymes.

title: Alcohol dehydrogenase of class IV (sigma sigma- @entity988 ) from XXXX stomach. cDNA sequence and structure/function relationships.

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity988 :: ('MESH:D000437', 'Disease') :: ['ADH', 'alcohol dehydrogenase']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: PET-CT scanning is increasingly applied in the primary work-up of @entity418 @entity1 . The additional value of a second PET-CT after completion of neoadjuvant therapy (NT) prior to surgery is presently unclear. Therefore, a consecutive series of @entity418 @entity1 underwent PET-CT scanning after completion of NT for evaluation of @entity3 that became manifest under NT. METHODS: A consecutive series of @entity1 planned for curative esophagectomy who underwent a PET-CT prior to and after NT were included in this study. Neoadjuvant therapy consisted of @entity1487 and @entity900 combined with 50.4Gy radiotherapy. The first PET-CT was performed as part of the diagnostic work-up, the second PET-CT was performed after completion of NT and prior to surgery. Median interval between NT and second PETCT was 6 weeks. In case of @entity3 on the post-neoadjuvant therapy PET-CT confirmed by a biopsy, @entity1 were excluded from surgical resection. RESULTS: Between November 2008 and July 2010 a total of 50 @entity1 underwent first and second PET-CT scanning. 80% of @entity1 was diagnosed with @entity420 , 18% with @entity957 . Confirmed @entity3 on the second PET-CT was present in 4/50 @entity1 (8%). These @entity1 were excluded from resection. A false-positive diagnosis concerning a @entity358 was present in 1  @entity1 (2%); this infiltrate had disappeared on follow up imaging. DISCUSSION: This study showed development of @entity3 during NT detected by PET-CT in 8% of @entity418 @entity1 , suggesting an additional value of a second PET-CT in order to prevent unnecessary surgical resections.

title: The value of post-neoadjuvant therapy PET-CT in the detection of interval metastases in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatinum']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary lesion']

entities_list: @entity418 :: ('MESH:D004938', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic disease']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity418 :: (MESH:D004938,Disease) :: ['esophageal carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: recent investigations have suggested that the phosphoinositide (PI) signal transduction system may be involved in the pathophysiology of @entity162 . Earlier studies in our laboratory have implicated altered @entity6164 -mediated phosphorylation in @entity162 and in the clinical action of @entity1091 . In the present study, we compared @entity6164 activity and its translocation in platelets from subjects with @entity162 and three other groups. METHODS: subjects included 44 with @entity162 ( @entity697 ), 25 with @entity308 , 23 with @entity161 in acute exacerbation and 43 controls free of personal or family history of an @entity74 . Blood platelet membrane and cytosol @entity6164 activity was measured before and after in vitro stimulation with @entity750 ( @entity750 ), @entity556 and the direct @entity6164 activator, @entity4515 . In addition, we examined @entity750 -, @entity556 - and @entity4515 -elicited translocations of @entity6164 isozymes from cytosol to the membrane in platelets of control subjects. RESULTS: in the basal state, @entity162 subjects demonstrated higher membrane @entity6164 activity than @entity308 and control subjects. The ratio of membrane to cytosol @entity6164 activity was significantly higher in @entity162 (1.10), as compared to control (0.84), depressed (0.93) or @entity161 (0.93) subjects. Stimulation of platelets with @entity750 in vitro, resulted in greater membrane to cytosol ratio in the @entity162 subjects compared to the three other groups. The responsiveness of platelets to @entity4515 and @entity556 was greater for @entity162 subjects than for @entity308 , but not greater than the controls. In this measure both the @entity161 and @entity308 groups were less active than controls. The results also demonstrate that platelets contain alpha-, beta-, delta- and zeta- @entity6164 isozymes. While alpha- and beta- @entity6164 isoforms were translocated from cytosol to membrane in response to @entity750 , @entity4515 and @entity556 , @entity750 also elicited the redistribution of delta- @entity6164 and @entity556 also activated zeta- @entity6164 . CONCLUSION: the results demonstrate that a heightened @entity6164 -mediated signal transduction is associated with acute @entity162 and suggest a decreased transduction in @entity1 with @entity308 or @entity161 .

title: Increased membrane-associated protein kinase C activity and translocation in blood platelets from XXXX @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['bipolar affective disorders', 'manic', 'bipolar disorder', 'bipolar affective disorder', 'mania']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute manic episode']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['acute major depression', 'depressed and schizophrenic subjects', 'depressive', 'unipolar depression']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia', 'schizophrenic']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['Axis I disorder']

answer: @entity162 :: (MESH:D001714,Disease) :: ['bipolar affective disorder']


abstract: Protective Effects of @entity4546 against Low-dose @entity117 /An endoscopic controlled double-blind study in healthy volunteers. In a randomized double-blind parallel study the gastroduodenal tolerability of 300 mg @entity117 (CAS 50-78-2, @entity1281 ) daily (8 p.m.) has been evaluated in the presence of 20 mg and 40 mg @entity4546 (CAS 73590-58-6) daily (8 p.m.) or placebo in 36 healthy volunteers using upper GI-endoscopy. The treatment periods lasted 14 days. Endoscopic controls were performed at entry and repeated at day 14. At entry the mean endoscopic score averaged 0.9 +/- 0.08 in the @entity1281 /placebo (n = 12), the @entity1281 / @entity4546 20 mg (n = 12) and the @entity1281 / @entity4546 40 mg group (n = 12). The median values were 1.0. In the placebo experiments 300 mg @entity1281 daily induced marked @entity75 at day 14 (12.4 +/- 1.7). The median value was 10.0. Concomitant administration of 20 mg @entity4546 daily afforded significant protection against 300 mg @entity1281 daily on day 14 (2.9 +/- 0.9) (p < 0.0005 vs. @entity1281 /placebo). 300 mg @entity1281 + 40 mg @entity4546 daily reduced the damaging score to 1.8 +/- 0.5 (p < 0.00002 vs. @entity1281 /placebo). The median values in the @entity1281 / @entity4546 20 mg and in the @entity1281 / @entity4546 40 mg group were 1.0. The difference in the damaging score between @entity1281 / @entity4546 20 mg and @entity1281 / @entity4546 40 mg after 14 days did not reach statistical significance. Our data suggest that coadministration of 20 mg @entity4546 daily reduces almost completely @entity75 evoked by 300 mg @entity1281 .

title: [Protective effect of XXXX against low-dose @entity117 . Endoscopic controlled double-blind study in healthy subjects].

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['gastroduodenal lesions']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylsalicylic acid', 'Acetylsalicylic Acid']

entities_list: @entity4546 :: ('MESH:D009853', 'Chemical') :: ['omeprazole', 'Omeprazole']

answer: @entity4546 :: (MESH:D009853,Chemical) :: ['omeprazole']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the migration and distribution of CTL (cytotoxic T lymphocyte) and CIK (cytokine-induced killer) cells in @entity356 model. METHODS: Subcutaneous @entity356 model was established by @entity1 @entity5 cells in @entity19 . Both CTL and CIK cells were labeled with 99Tc(m) directly and then inoculated into @entity19 with subcutaneous @entity5 by intravenous injection separately. Three @entity19 of each group were evaluated by single-photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT) at 1 h, 6 h and 24 h post-inoculation. After SPECT imaging, 3 @entity19 in each group were sacrificed and got samples of the @entity5 , liver, spleen, kidney, lung, intestine, etc. The tissue samples were weighed and radioactivity was determined with a well-type scintillation counter. The accumulation of labeled CTL and CIK cells in tissues were expressed as %ID/g (percentage activity of injection dose per gram of tissue) and T/NT ( @entity5 /non- @entity5 ) values were analyzed. RESULTS: The tracing of both cells in SPECT showed a clear migration path away from the injection point to solid @entity5 , and can be detected in all organs and tissues such as liver, spleen, kidney, lung and intestine, etc not long after injection. The %ID/g peak values of CTL in organs from the highest to the lowest were as follows: @entity5 (7.79 +/- 0.46), liver (4.12 +/- 0.51), intestine (2.71 +/- 0.16), kidney (1.44 +/- 0.25), spleen (1.24 +/- 0.12), kidney (1.12 +/- 0.11), and all the T/NTs were above 1. The %ID/g peak values of CIK cells in organs from the highest to the lowest were as follows: liver (6.64 +/- 0.67), @entity5 (5.47 +/- 0.87), intestine (3.55 +/- 0.23), kidney (2.34 +/- 0.41), spleen (1.45 +/- 0.17), lung (1.27 +/- 0.21), and T/NTs > 1 except for liver. After injection, the %ID/g values of @entity5 in CTL group were 2.35 +/- 0.28 (1 h), 4.58 +/- 0.52 (6 h) and 7.79 +/- 0.46 (24 h) respectively while the %ID/g values of @entity5 in CIK group 2.23 +/- 0.46 (1 h), 3.25 +/- 0.70 (6 h) and 5.47 +/- 0.87 (24 h) respectively. At 24 h point, the %ID/g of CTL in @entity5 was much higher than CIK cells (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The definite directional @entity5 -targeting capacity of CTL and CIK cells in @entity5 -bearing @entity19 is promising.

title: [Evaluation of in vivo labeled cytotoxic T lymphocytes and cytokine-induced killer cells migration and distribution of subcutaneous @entity356 model in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric tumor']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['nude mice']


abstract: @entity694 is a major health problem in industrialized countries. It ranks at the first place among @entity5 , with a sex ratio of 1. @entity694 incidence increased between 1975 and 2005. France belongs to high risk countries for @entity14 . Since eighties, there was a progressive switch from left to right @entity694 . Owing to its frequency, and its epidemiological characteristics, @entity14 is, in France, justifiable of a national population-based mass screening. In France, national screening relies on biennial testing in subjects between 50 and 74 followed by total colonoscopy in case of positive test. In order to decrease significantly @entity14 mortality participation rate has to be over 50%. The @entity14 mortality decrease in this case varies between 15 and 28% in the general population, and between 33 and 39% among @entity1 to screening. On the basis of available data, the European Commission recommended organizing @entity14 screening in the EU. Colonoscopy screening is recommended for subjects at high risk, or very high risk for @entity14 .

title: [Epidemiology and screening of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['digestive cancers']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['Colon cancer', 'colon cancers']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancers', 'colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity694 :: (MESH:D003110,Disease) :: ['colon cancer']


abstract: The effects of low doses (0.05 to 20 micrograms./kg.) of @entity53 -17 beta (E2) and @entity11111 (E3) on blood perfusion in the genitourinary tissues were examined two and 24 hours after an intra-arterial injection into @entity95 . Whereas 0.05 microgram./kg. E2 or E3 caused no detectable change, 0.5 microgram./kg. of either E2 or E3 markedly increased blood flow measured after two hours in urethra, vagina and uterus. No significant increase in the blood flow in the urinary bladder or the ureters was observed. With 20 micrograms./kg. E2 or E3 a much greater increase (10 to 25-fold) in the blood flow in the urethra, vagina and uterus was observed after two hours. At this time a small increase (about two-fold) could also be measured in urinary bladder and ureters. Twenty-four hours after this treatment (20 micrograms./kg. E2 or E3), the blood flow in the urinary organs was not significantly different from the pretreatment values but it was still significantly elevated in uterus and vagina. These data show that the blood flow in the female urethra is just as sensitive to low doses of @entity172 as uterus and vagina. Both @entity17113 seem to be equally effective in increasing blood perfusion in the urogenital tissues.

title: Increases in blood flow of the female XXXX urethra following low dose @entity172 .

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogens']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['estradiol']

answer: @entity95 :: (9986,Species) :: ['rabbit']


abstract: @entity746 / @entity304 - @entity303 complex (lytico-bodig) is a chronic @entity179 with high prevalence among the native Chamorro population of Guam. Neuropathological, biochemical, and immunohistochemical analyses were performed on a relatively large series of Guamanian cases and compared to @entity195 cases. @entity7732 and antibodies to amyloid beta A4 and tau proteins were used for analysis of pathological changes, and antibodies to the @entity460 -binding proteins @entity15537 and calretinin, and to a nonphosphorylated epitope on neurofilament protein to study select neuronal populations. A differential distribution of neurofibrillary tangles was observed in the neocortex of Guamanian cases compared to @entity195 cases, with much higher lesion counts in supragranular than in infragranular layers. Also, Guamanian cases with predominant @entity304 had generally higher neurofibrillary tangle densities than cases with predominant @entity746 . In addition, there was a certain degree of heterogeneity, qualitatively and quantitatively, in the biochemical distribution of tau proteins among Guamanian and @entity195 cases as revealed by Western blot analysis. Previous studies have suggested that the clinical symptomatology observed in @entity1 suffering from @entity195 is related to the dramatic loss of specific corticocortically projecting neurons in the neocortex. Interestingly, a subset of neurofilament-rich pyramidal neurons known to be dramatically affected in @entity195 appears to be resistant in lytico-bodig. Finally, as in @entity195 , @entity460 -binding protein-containing interneurons are not affected. These data suggest that the set of projection neurons affected in Guamanian cases may not correspond to those involved in @entity195 , and that both disorders are characterized by specific patterns of neuronal vulnerability.

title: @entity746 / @entity304 - XXXX complex of Guam: quantitative neuropathology, immunohistochemical analysis of neuronal vulnerability, and comparison with related @entity179 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity304 :: ('MESH:D010302', 'Disease') :: ['parkinsonism']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity746 :: ('MESH:D000690', 'Disease') :: ['amyotrophic lateral sclerosis', 'Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['neurodegenerative disorder']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["Alzheimer's disease"]

entities_list: @entity7732 :: ('MESH:C009462', 'Chemical') :: ['Thioflavin S']

answer: @entity303 :: (MESH:D003704,Disease) :: ['dementia']


abstract: The snail density, levels of @entity281 and the monthly production of @entity380 cercariae by @entity10300 were determined in a focus of Barreiro de Baixo (Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil). During a period of 38 months (1984 to 1987) 5,366 snails were collected of which 324 (6.03%) were infected with @entity383 . The total number of cercariae shed was 5,667,312. Each snail shed an average of 17,422 cercariae during the time that it was under study in the laboratory. The greatest longevity of infected snails was 218 days. Natural cure was observed in 42 (12.9%) of the infected specimens about 130 days after collection. The average snail density in the focus during the period of study was 16.3 snails per scoop. The shedding of cercariae by snails collected from the field was compared with laboratory bred specimens infected in mass with the LE strain of @entity383 from Belo Horizonte. The laboratory infected snails shed an average of 6,061 cercariae each, a value 2.8 times less than the field specimens due to a shorter life span. The prevalence of @entity2040 in the focus was 14.3%.

title: Production of @entity380 cercariae by XXXX from a focus in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais.

entities_list: @entity10300 :: ('6526', 'Species') :: ['Biomphalaria glabrata']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity380 :: ('6183', 'Species') :: ['Schistosoma mansoni']

entities_list: @entity2040 :: ('MESH:D012552', 'Disease') :: ['schistosomiasis']

answer: @entity10300 :: (6526,Species) :: ['Biomphalaria glabrata']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Perinatal @entity1763 is a major concern in perinatal medicine. Resuscitation and ways to prevent and minimize adverse outcomes after perinatal @entity1763 are subject to extensive research. OBJECTIVES: In this study we hypothesized that, prior to @entity519 , intravenously administered @entity1239 might have an effect on how newborn piglets tolerate @entity519 , with regard to the time and degree of damage inflicted, due to its suggested neuroprotective abilities, and further that resuscitation with 21 compared with 100% @entity26 in @entity1239 -pretreated animals would cause @entity75 . METHODS: Thirty anesthetized newborn piglets were randomized to either @entity519 or control groups, and pretreatment with either saline or @entity1239 . In addition, the @entity1239 / @entity519 group was randomized to resuscitation with either 21 or 100% @entity26 for 15 min following @entity519 . RESULTS: We found significantly more @entity39 in the striatum and cortex combined (p = 0.036), and in the striatum alone (p = 0.026), in the animals pretreated with @entity1239 and resuscitated with 100% when compared to 21% @entity26 . There was no significant difference in the cerebellum. We also found significantly increased tolerance to @entity519 as measured by the time interval that the animals endured @entity519 : 103.8 +/- 28.2 min in the @entity1239 -pretreated animals vs. 66.5 +/- 19.5 min in the saline-pretreated animals (p = 0.035). CONCLUSION: @entity1239 enhances newborn piglets' ability to endure @entity519 , and resuscitation with 21% @entity26 inflicts less @entity39 than 100% @entity26 . The potential neuroprotective effects of @entity1239 in the newborn brain should be further investigated.

title: Resuscitation with 21 or 100% @entity26 in hypoxic XXXX -pretreated newborn piglets: possible neuroprotective effects of @entity1239 .

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['less cerebral damage']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity1239 :: ('MESH:D009538', 'Chemical') :: ['Nicotine', 'nicotine']

answer: @entity1239 :: (MESH:D009538,Chemical) :: ['nicotine']


abstract: To clarify the recent trends in @entity1486 (PSA) distribution in @entity1 in Japan, we analyzed the PSA distributions of @entity1 undergoing PSA-based population screening. We summarized the annual individual data of PSA-based population screening in Kanazawa, Japan, from 2000 to 2011, and analyzed baseline serum PSA values of the @entity1 at the first population screening. Serum PSA distributions were estimated in all @entity1 and those excluding @entity263 @entity1 according to age. From 2000 to 2011, 19 620 @entity1 participated aged 54-69 years old in this screening program. Mean baseline serum PSA level of all @entity1 at the first screening was 2.64 ng @entity4654 in 2000, and gradually decreased to approximately 1.30 ng @entity4654 in 2006. That of @entity1 excluding @entity263 @entity1 was 1.46 ng @entity4654 in 2000, and there was no remarkable change during the study period. The 95 th percentiles in the @entity1 excluding @entity263 @entity1 detected at the first population screening of @entity1 aged 54-59, 60-64, and 65-69 years old were 2.90, 3.60, and 4.50 ng @entity4654 , respectively. After the commencement of population screening, the proportion of @entity263 @entity1 with high serum PSA levels decreased. However, there were no changes in serum PSA levels in @entity1 without @entity263 . Age-specific PSA reference level of @entity1 without @entity263 in Japan was similar to that in China and Korea.

title: @entity263 with high serum XXXX levels detected at first @entity1486 -based population screening in Japan.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity1486 :: ('354', 'Gene') :: ['prostate-specific antigen']

answer: @entity1486 :: (354,Gene) :: ['prostate-specific antigen']


abstract: OBJECT: In this paper, the authors' goal was to describe the occurrence of alternating @entity3489 and @entity2753 in pediatric @entity1 who underwent resection of @entity10128 ( @entity10128 ) for @entity302 . @entity3489 in @entity1 after pituitary or hypothalamic surgery can be caused by @entity2010 ( @entity2010 ), whereas @entity2753 can occur due to a syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone, cerebral salt wasting, or excessive administration of @entity7062 (DDAVP). The triphasic response after surgery in the pituitary region can also explain variations in @entity1372 parameters in such cases. METHODS: One hundred fifty-three @entity1 with @entity9595 who underwent surgery were enrolled in a prospective study to monitor outcomes. Of these, 4 @entity1 (2.6%) were noted to experience dramatic alterations in serum @entity1372 values. The medical records of these @entity1 were identified and evaluated. RESULTS: @entity1 ' ages at surgery ranged from 1.2 to 6.0 years. All @entity1 were @entity1 . Two @entity1 had Delalande @entity75 (of 16 total @entity75 surgically treated) and 2 had @entity75 (of 39 total @entity75 ). All @entity1 had a history of @entity410 refractory to medication. @entity410 frequency ranged from 3 to 300 per day. After surgery, all @entity1 experienced @entity3489 and @entity2753 . The largest fluctuation in serum @entity1372 concentration during hospitalization in a single @entity1 was 53 mEq/L (range 123-176 mEq/L). The mean absolute difference in maximum and minimum @entity1372 values was 38.2 mEq/L. All @entity1 exhibited an initial period of immediate @entity2010 (independent of treatment) after surgery followed by a period of @entity2753 (independent of treatment), with a minimum value occurring between postoperative Days 5 and 8. All @entity1 then returned to a hypernatremic state of @entity2010 , and 3 @entity1 still require DDAVP for @entity2010 management. A second occurrence of @entity2753 lasting several days without DDAVP administration occurred in 2 @entity1 during their hospitalization between periods of @entity3489 . One @entity1 stabilized in the normal range of @entity1372 values prior to discharge from rehabilitation without the need for further intervention. At last follow-up, 3 @entity1 are @entity410 -free. CONCLUSIONS: Severe instability of @entity1372 homeostasis with @entity3489 and @entity2753 is seen in up to 2.6% of @entity1 undergoing open resection of @entity9595 . This risk appears to be related to @entity9595 type, with a higher risk for Types III (2 [5.1%] of 39) and IV (2 [12.5%] of 16) lesions. Here, the authors describe alternating episodes of @entity3489 and @entity2753 in the postoperative period following @entity9595 surgery. Management of this entity requires careful serial assessment of volume status and urine concentration and will often require alternating salt replacement therapy with @entity7062 administration.

title: Syndrome of alternating @entity3489 and XXXX after @entity10128 surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'girls', 'Patients', 'children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity7062 :: ('MESH:D003894', 'Chemical') :: ['DDAVP', 'desmopressin']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'Seizure', 'gelastic seizures']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['Type III lesions', 'Type IV lesions']

entities_list: @entity2753 :: ('MESH:D007010', 'Disease') :: ['hyponatremia']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity10128 :: ('MESH:C537158', 'Disease') :: ['HHs', 'hypothalamic hamartomas']

entities_list: @entity3489 :: ('MESH:D006955', 'Disease') :: ['hypernatremia', 'Hypernatremia']

entities_list: @entity2010 :: ('MESH:D003919', 'Disease') :: ['DI', 'diabetes insipidus']

answer: @entity2753 :: (MESH:D007010,Disease) :: ['hyponatremia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of this multicentric study was to identify @entity1082 ) type distribution in @entity3 and high-grade @entity3146 2/3 (CIN2/3) in Italy. METHODS: Cases were sampled through the electronic databases at the pathology units of eight centers in six regions from central and southern Italy. HPV types were detected from @entity982 -embedded tissue samples and cervical specimens through amplification of HPV DNA with GP5+/GP6+ primers, followed by genotyping with reverse line blot (RLB). Untyped HPV-positive samples were sequenced. HPV-negative samples underwent nested PCR, followed by either RLB or sequencing. Finally, the remaining HPV-negative samples were amplified with primers targeting the virus E6 to E7 regions. RESULTS: From 1,162 cases initially selected, 722 samples were further analyzed: 144 CIN2, 385 CIN3, 157 invasive @entity957 , and 36 @entity420 . Samples (6.9%) were HPV negative. The proportion of @entity1799 /18 was 60.8%, 76.6%, and 78.8% in CIN2, CIN3, and invasive @entity5 , respectively (P trend = 0.004). There was a significant decreasing trend of @entity1799 /18 with age in invasive @entity5 , going from 92% in @entity1 <35 years to 73% in @entity1 >55 years (P = 0.036). The proportion of @entity325 was 16.8%, 15.5%, and 10.0% in CIN2, CIN3, and invasive @entity5 , respectively (P trend = 0.07). CONCLUSIONS: The proportion of invasive @entity5 caused by @entity1799 /18 decreases with age at diagnosis. IMPACT: The absolute risk of an @entity3 due to non- @entity1799 /18 in @entity1 under 35 is extremely low. This finding might prompt us to rise the age at which public HPV screening for vaccinated @entity1 should start.

title: Prevalence of @entity1082 types in high-grade XXXX and @entity5 in Italy.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity982 :: ('MESH:D010232', 'Chemical') :: ['paraffin']

entities_list: @entity1082 :: ('10566', 'Species') :: ['human papillomavirus (HPV']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['invasive cancer', 'invasive cervical cancer']

entities_list: @entity325 :: ('MESH:D060085', 'Disease') :: ['coinfections']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinomas']

entities_list: @entity3146 :: ('MESH:D018290', 'Disease') :: ['cervical intraepithelial neoplasia']

answer: @entity3146 :: (MESH:D018290,Disease) :: ['cervical intraepithelial neoplasia']


abstract: 1. We recorded single vestibular nucleus neurons shown by electrical stimulation to receive floccular inhibition [flocculus receiving neurons (FRNs)] and/or to project toward midbrain motoneuronal pools [midbrain projecting neurons (MPNs)] in awake, head-fixed @entity95 during @entity1319 . Stimuli included @entity717 in the light, @entity717 in the dark, and rotation of an optokinetic drum about the animal. We employed sinusoidal and triangular position profiles in the 0.05- to 0.8-Hz frequency band. We also examined transient responses to step changes in eye position. 2. We found identified vestibular nucleus cells (i.e., FRN/non-MPNs, FRN/MPNs, and non-FRN/MPNs) in the parvocellular and magnocellular portions of the medial vestibular nucleus, at the rostrocaudal level of the dorsal acoustic stria. 3. All identified vestibular nucleus neurons were excited during ipsilateral (relative to side of recording) @entity717 and @entity717 . 4. The neuronal firing rates could be related to eye position and its time derivatives, and that relationship could be approximated by a two-pole, one-zero linear transfer function. As with abducens neurons, a more detailed approximation requires inclusion of two nonlinearities-a hysteresis and a variable sensitivity term that increases as eye movement amplitude decreases. 5. When the vestibuloocular reflex is suppressed by a conflicting full-field visual stimulus [visual vestibular conflict condition (VVC)], vestibular nucleus neuron modulation is largely suppressed. The remaining modulation is motoric in nature, because it can be related to the residual eye movements. Cells with "sensory vestibular signals," i.e., cells whose modulation during VVC correlates better with @entity717 , were not encountered. 6. We examined the dependence of firing rate parameters on stimulus modality. All neurons exhibited increased phase lead with respect to abducens nucleus neurons during stimuli involving @entity717 . This finding could indicate that vestibular-derived inputs are inhomogeneously distributed on premotor neurons and that the studied premotor population receives a stronger vestibular input than another premotor group, not recorded in the current experiments. 7. FRNs and non-FRNs were similar in their qualitative response to the fast phases, the applicability of the two-pole, one-zero transfer function, hysteresis, and the amplitude nonlinearity. 8. FRNs differed from non-FRNs in having a phase advanced firing rate at all stimulus frequencies during visual and vestibular stimuli. The phase difference suggests that one role of the @entity95 flocculus is to regulate phase of the net premotor signal.

title: Dynamics of XXXX vestibular nucleus neurons and the influence of the flocculus.

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['head rotation than eye movement', 'contralateral eye rotation', 'head rotation']

entities_list: @entity95 :: ('9986', 'Species') :: ['rabbits', 'rabbit']

entities_list: @entity1319 :: ('MESH:D015835', 'Disease') :: ['compensatory eye movements']

answer: @entity95 :: (9986,Species) :: ['rabbit']