abstract: Aged @entity1 skin is fragile because of @entity1949 and loss of type I collagen fibrils, which confer strength and resiliency. We report here that dermal fibroblasts express increased levels of collagen-degrading matrix metalloproteinases-1 ( @entity3334 ) in aged (>80 years old) compared with young (21 to 30 years old) @entity1 skin in vivo. Transcription factor @entity11346 and alpha2beta1 integrin, which are key regulators of @entity3334 expression, are also elevated in fibroblasts in aged @entity1 skin in vivo. @entity3334 treatment of young skin in organ culture causes @entity1949 of collagen fibrils and reduces fibroblast stretch, consistent with reduced mechanical tension, as observed in aged @entity1 skin. Limited @entity1949 of three-dimensional collagen lattices with exogenous @entity3334 also reduces fibroblast stretch and mechanical tension. Furthermore, fibroblasts cultured in fragmented collagen lattices express elevated levels of @entity3334 , @entity11346 , and alpha2beta1 integrin. Importantly, culture in fragmented collagen raises intracellular oxidant levels and treatment with antioxidant MitoQ(10) significantly reduces @entity3334 expression. These data identify positive feedback regulation that couples age-dependent @entity3334 -catalyzed collagen @entity1949 and oxidative stress. We propose that this self perpetuating cycle promotes @entity1 skin aging. These data extend the current understanding of the oxidative theory of aging beyond a cellular-centric view to include extracellular matrix and the critical role that connective tissue microenvironment plays in the biology of aging.

title: Collagen XXXX promotes oxidative stress and elevates matrix metalloproteinase-1 in fibroblasts in aged @entity1 skin.

entities_list: @entity1949 :: ('MESH:D012892', 'Disease') :: ['fragmentation']

answer: @entity1949 :: (MESH:D012892,Disease) :: ['fragmentation']


abstract: @entity282 after septorhinoplasty and its optimal management has not been described in detail. Fifty-two adult septorhinoplasty @entity1 were included in a prospective cohort single center study. @entity1 ' and surgical characteristics were evaluated. Outcome and process parameters were analyzed using the questionnaires of the German-wide project Quality Improvement in Postoperative @entity158 Management (QUIPS) on the first postoperative day. @entity158 during the first operative day after septorhinoplasty was moderate. @entity158 management predominately consisted of @entity1937 intraoperatively, @entity10964 in the recovery room, in combination with @entity22730 in one-third of the @entity1 , and @entity10964 on ward. @entity1 younger than 31 years were less satisfied with @entity158 management (P = 0.018). Open rhinoplasty was associated with less satisfaction with @entity158 management (P = 0.007). Use of rib grafts led to more mobility, breathing, sleeping and @entity1316 (P = 0.003, 0.047; 0.047; 0.022, respectively). @entity158 counseling was followed by higher satisfaction, less breathing and @entity1316 after surgery (P = 0.021; 0.004; 0.046, respectively). Opioids in the recovery room in addition to non-opioids and treatment with non-opioids on ward led to less maximal @entity158 (P = 0.027 and 0.040, respectively). We conclude that QUIPS is an easy tool to evaluate the quality of @entity282 management following rhinoplasty. @entity158 counseling, specific care for @entity1 with rib grafts, consequent use of opioids in the recovery room in addition to non-opioids, and use of non-opioids on ward seem to be effective to improve @entity158 management after septorhinoplasty.

title: XXXX assessment after septorhinoplasty.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity10964 :: ('MESH:D004177', 'Chemical') :: ['metamizole']

entities_list: @entity22730 :: ('MESH:D010892', 'Chemical') :: ['piritramide']

entities_list: @entity1316 :: ('MESH:D019964', 'Disease') :: ['mood disturbances']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['Pain', 'pain', 'Preoperative pain']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative pain', 'Postoperative pain']

entities_list: @entity1937 :: ('MESH:C071741', 'Chemical') :: ['remifentanil']

answer: @entity282 :: (MESH:D010149,Disease) :: ['Postoperative pain']


abstract: We report a study of 168 consecutive @entity1 (171 prostheses) with a displaced @entity2249 and a physiologic age older than 75 years who were treated with an uncemented bipolar Monk hard-top hemiarthroplasty. Four prostheses dislocated postoperatively, but none after discharge. Two prostheses were later extracted. Five @entity1 sustained an @entity3330 . Totally, 7 @entity1 (4 percent) were reoperated on. One year after the operation, 22 percent of the @entity1 were dead. An increased mortality rate was recorded during the first 6 months after surgery. At follow-up 6 (3-9) years after the operation, 4 of the 62 @entity1 alive had weight-bearing @entity158 . Three had subsidence of the prosthesis, but none had protrusion of the acetabulum. Ninety-five percent of the @entity1 were free from complications requiring a reoperation or outpatient evaluation.

title: The uncemented bipolar hemiarthroplasty for displaced XXXX . 6-year follow-up of 171 cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2249 :: ('MESH:D005265', 'Disease') :: ['femoral neck fracture']

entities_list: @entity3330 :: ('MESH:D005264', 'Disease') :: ['ipsilateral femoral fracture']

answer: @entity2249 :: (MESH:D005265,Disease) :: ['femoral neck fractures']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To retrospectively evaluate possible impact factors of HIFU treatment outcome for unresectable @entity788 @entity1 . @entity1 AND METHODS: A total of 689 @entity1 with unresectable @entity788 were recruited in our center from December 30, 2007 to January 30, 2015. 436 @entity1 with unresectable @entity788 received HIFU treatment; the other 253 @entity1 received non-HIFU treatment. Among these 436 @entity1 , 345 @entity1 received a one-time HIFU treatment, 91 @entity1 received HIFU treatment from 2 to 5 times in the same pancreatic mass; 89 @entity1 received HIFU treatment alone; 347 @entity1 received HIFU-based combined therapies. Complications and overall survivals (OS) data in each group were collected. RESULTS: The median overall survivals (mOS) in HIFU group and non-HIFU group were 7.1 vs. 5 months (P=0.005): 9.3 vs. 7.3 months (P=0.202) for @entity1 with @entity34 , 8.3 vs. 7.3 months (P=0.783) for @entity1 with @entity5 , and 6.4 vs. 4.2 months (P<0.0001) for @entity1 with stage IV disease, respectively. Furthermore, there was a significant difference between repeated HIFU and one-time HIFU (mOS: 8.6 vs. 6.8 months, P=0.011). Time of HIFU treatment (P=0.0027), chemotherapy (P<0.0001), radiotherapy (P=0.0006), regional intra-arterial chemotherapy (RIAC) (P<0.0001), and stage (P<0.0001) were independent prognostic factors for the @entity1 who received HIFU treatment. Cox analysis on the relative risk of prognostic factors showed that repeated HIFU vs. one-time HIFU (HR=0.729: 95% CI=0.576-0.924), chemotherapy vs. non-chemotherapy (HR=0.664: 95% CI=0.576-0.766), radiotherapy vs. non-radiotherapy (HR=0.580: 95% CI=0.427-0.789), RIAC vs. non-RIAC (HR=0.737: 95% CI=0.648-0.837), and stage (HR=1.386, 95% CI=1.187-1.619) were associated with significantly inferior survival. Overall, adverse events occurred in 23.2% (101/436) in the HIFU group, which included increase of serum or urinary amylase levels, incomplete @entity1321 , mild fever, etc. There were no severe adverse events such as @entity272 or GI perforation related to HIFU therapy in any of the @entity1 treated. CONCLUSION: This retrospective analysis revealed that the use of a multimodal treatment approach (the combined therapy of HIFU, RIAC, and chemotherapy, with or without radiotherapy) could improve survival of @entity1 with unresectable @entity788 , and repeated HIFU presented a survival benefit and did not increase risk.

title: A retrospective analysis of survival factors of high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) treatment for unresectable XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer', 'pancreatic cancers']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['stage III disease']

entities_list: @entity1321 :: ('MESH:D007415', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal obstruction']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin burns']

entities_list: @entity34 :: ('MESH:D016609', 'Disease') :: ['stage II disease']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatic cancer']


abstract: Naegleria fowleri causes a fatal @entity4767 . Only one case of N. fowleri @entity5422 has previously been reported from Pakistan. We describe two cases of primary amoebic @entity5422 . A 24-year-old @entity1 presented with a two-day history of high grade @entity221 , @entity10 and @entity391 . He was put on intrathecal @entity2379 , @entity2380 and @entity1215 when motile trophozoites were identified on a wet mount of cerebrospinal fluid. The @entity1 did not improve and died on the sixth day of admission. The second case was a 30-year-old @entity1 who presented with a three-day history of high grade @entity221 , @entity391 and @entity2146 . His clinical course was marked by a rapid deterioration. He received intrathecal @entity2379 , @entity2380 and broad spectrum antibiotics when motile trophozoites on wet mount were observed. Again, the @entity1 's condition did not improve and he died on the eighth day of admission.

title: Primary amoebic XXXX : two new cases from Pakistan.

entities_list: @entity4767 :: ('MESH:D002494', 'Disease') :: ['infection of the central nervous system']

entities_list: @entity2379 :: ('MESH:D000666', 'Chemical') :: ['amphotericin B']

entities_list: @entity2380 :: ('MESH:D015725', 'Chemical') :: ['fluconazole']

entities_list: @entity5422 :: ('MESH:D008590', 'Disease') :: ['meningoencephalitis']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity2146 :: ('MESH:D011595', 'Disease') :: ['agitation']

entities_list: @entity1215 :: ('MESH:D012293', 'Chemical') :: ['rifampicin']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headaches']

answer: @entity5422 :: (MESH:D008590,Disease) :: ['meningoencephalitis']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the feasibility and safety of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging-guided laser-based thermotherapy in @entity1 with clinically low-risk @entity263 and a concordant lesion at biopsy and MR imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This HIPAA-compliant phase I prospective study was approved by the institutional review board. Informed consent was obtained from all @entity1 . Transperineal MR imaging-guided focal laser ablation for clinically low-risk @entity263 was performed in @entity1 with a Gleason score of 7 or less in three or fewer cores limited to one sextant obtained with transrectal ultrasonography (US)-guided biopsy and a concordant lesion at MR imaging. Lesions were targeted with a laser ablation system. Periprocedural complications were recorded. The International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and the Sexual Health Inventory for @entity1 (SHIM) score were collected before and after the procedure. MR imaging-guided biopsy of the ablation zone was performed 6 months after treatment. The prostate-specific antigen level, IPSS, and SHIM score before and after ablation were compared by using the Wilcoxon signed rank test. RESULTS: Treatment was successfully completed in nine @entity1 (procedure duration, 2.5-4 hours; mean laser ablation duration, 4.3 minutes). Immediate contrast-enhanced posttreatment MR imaging showed a @entity154 in eight @entity1 . Self-resolving perineal abrasion and focal paresthesia of the glans penis each occurred in one @entity1 . The mean (   standard deviation) IPSS and SHIM score at baseline were 5.8    5.3 and 19.0    8.0, respectively. Average score changes were not significantly different from zero during follow-up (P = .18-.99). MR imaging-guided biopsy of the ablation zone showed no @entity5 in seven @entity1 (78%) and Gleason grade 6 @entity5 in two (22%). CONCLUSION: Transperineal MR imaging-guided focal laser ablation appears to be a feasible and safe focal therapy option for clinically low-risk @entity263 .

title: MR imaging-guided focal laser ablation for XXXX : phase I trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Men', 'men']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['hypovascular defect']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate cancer']


abstract: Primary @entity12513 (PVCNS) is an uncommon disorder that can present with a variety of symptoms, making diagnosis and management difficult. We describe a case of @entity385 that occurred from @entity715 ( @entity715 ) and presented with clinical and radiologic imaging features that suggested PVCNS. The @entity1 was a 58-year-old @entity1 with left @entity1269 , @entity2026 , and episodic confusion. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain demonstrated @entity75 consistent with @entity1188 involving both cerebral hemispheres, and cerebral angiography showed changes consistent with @entity1333 . Although brain biopsy findings were normal, the @entity1 was treated for presumed @entity1333 with @entity786 and @entity229 . Four months later respiratory failure secondary to polymicrobial @entity55 and adult @entity649 developed, and she died. Autopsy revealed @entity1188 in the heart, lungs, right kidney, spleen, and brain. Multiple thrombotic platelet-fibrin vegetations consistent with @entity715 were found on all cardiac valves. Examination of the brain revealed no evidence of active or healed @entity1333 . Cerebral angiography may show findings that suggest @entity1333 , but it is not diagnostic, as several other conditions may cause similar changes. Nonbacterial @entity715 may cause @entity385 and can be difficult to distinguish from @entity1333 , as specific diagnostic tests for PVCNS are lacking.

title: Multiple cerebral infarctions from XXXX mimicking @entity12513 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity12513 :: ('MESH:D020293', 'Disease') :: ['vasculitis of the central nervous system']

entities_list: @entity1333 :: ('MESH:D014657', 'Disease') :: ['vasculitis']

entities_list: @entity1269 :: ('MESH:D010291', 'Disease') :: ['hemiparesis']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['multifocal lesions']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity649 :: ('MESH:D012128', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory distress syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['multiple infarcts', 'infarction']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombotic endocarditis', 'NBTE', 'nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral infarction', 'multiple cerebral infarctions']

answer: @entity715 :: (MESH:D013927,Disease) :: ['nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To find out whether pancreatic juice released into the stomach has any effect on gastric acidity, and to evaluate the results of operation. DESIGN: Prospective study. SETTING: University Hospital, Hungary. SUBJECTS: 55 @entity1 with chronic @entity788 . INTERVENTIONS: 27 pancreaticogastrostomies, 8 pancreaticocystogastrostomies, and 20 pancreaticojejunostomies. Gastric pH monitoring. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Alterations in pH after pancreaticogastrostomy. RESULTS: The operations were equally effective for the relief of @entity158 (48/55, 87%) and 46 (84%) had no digestive disorders because they took pancreatic enzyme substitutes. There were no significant differences in gastric pH between the groups. CONCLUSIONS: Although this study was not randomised, the results suggest that pancreaticogastrostomy is a good operation for the relief of intractable @entity158 in selected @entity1 with chronic @entity788 associated with duct dilatation.

title: Changes in gastric acidity after ductal decompression in XXXX with chronic @entity788 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: This study tested the hypothesis that very young @entity1 who received more @entity1286 for acute burns would have larger decreases in posttraumatic symptoms 3 to 6 months later. This has never before been studied in very young @entity1 , despite the high frequency of burns and @entity130 in this age group. Seventy 12- to 48-month-old nonvented @entity1 with acute burns admitted to a major pediatric burn center and their parents participated. Parents were interviewed at three time points: during their @entity1 's hospitalization, 1 month, and 3 to 6 months after discharge. Measures included the @entity1 @entity66 Checklist - Burn Version (CSDC-B). Chart reviews were conducted to obtain @entity1 's @entity1286 dosages during hospitalization. Mean equivalency dosages of @entity1286 (mg/kg/d) were calculated to combine oral and intravenous administrations. Eleven @entity1 had complete 3 to 6-month data on the CSDC. The correlation between average @entity1286 dose and amount of decrease in @entity1005 symptoms on the CSDC (r = -0.32) was similar to that found in studies with older @entity1 . The correlation between @entity1286 dose and amount of decrease in symptoms on the arousal cluster of the CSDC was significant (r = -0.63, P < .05). Findings from the current study suggest that, for young @entity1 , management of @entity158 with higher doses of @entity1286 may be associated with a decreasing number of @entity1005 symptoms, especially those of arousal, in the months after major @entity130 . This extends, with very young @entity1 , the previous findings with 6- to 16-year olds.

title: Preliminary evidence for the effects of XXXX on @entity1005 symptoms in one- to four-year-olds with burns.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Child', 'children', 'child']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['Stress Disorders']

entities_list: @entity1005 :: ('MESH:D013313', 'Disease') :: ['posttraumatic stress disorder']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine']

answer: @entity1286 :: (MESH:D009020,Chemical) :: ['morphine']


abstract: Recurrence of @entity2835 ( @entity2835 ) after liver transplantation has been shown to negatively affect graft and @entity1 survival. Recently, protective effects of @entity205 against @entity2835 recurrence after liver transplantation have been reported. @entity1 were 4 @entity1 who underwent living-donor liver transplantation (LDLT) for @entity3851 due to @entity2835 . @entity1140 was used for initial immunosuppression, and this was switched to @entity205 at least 3 months after liver transplantation. Targeted trough level of @entity205 was 20 times that of @entity1140 . We assessed liver and renal function, as well as antimitochondrial M2 antibody for recipients prior to LDLT, as well as before and after switching immunosuppressive agents. @entity1 were 1 @entity1 and 3 @entity1 , and they were ages 45 to 47 years at LDLT. Timing of switching from @entity1140 to @entity205 was 13, 3, 7, and 4 months respectively after liver transplantation, and all 4 @entity1 have been on @entity205 without adverse effects at 20 to 46 months after transplantation. In 2 of 4 @entity1 who had high titers of antimitochondrial M2 antibody before transplantation, antibody titer did not elevate after LDLT. In the other 2 @entity1 without elevation of antimitochondrial M2 antibody, the titer did not turn positive. Switching from @entity1140 to @entity205 was possible without medical problems, and all @entity1 exhibit no recurrence of @entity2835 . @entity205 may be useful for prevention of @entity2835 recurrence after LDLT.

title: Switching from XXXX to @entity205 to prevent @entity2835 recurrence after living-donor liver transplantation.

entities_list: @entity2835 :: ('MESH:D008105', 'Disease') :: ['PBC', 'primary biliary cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'Participants', 'man']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['Cyclosporine A', 'cyclosporine A']

entities_list: @entity3851 :: ('MESH:D058625', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage liver disease']

entities_list: @entity1140 :: ('MESH:D016559', 'Chemical') :: ['Tacrolimus', 'tacrolimus']

answer: @entity1140 :: (MESH:D016559,Chemical) :: ['tacrolimus']


abstract: AIM: To investigate whether an endoscopy-based management could prevent the long-term risk of postoperative recurrence. METHODS: From the pathology department database, we retrospectively retrieved the data of all the @entity1 operated on for @entity30 ( @entity30 ) in our center (1986-2015). Endoscopy-based management was defined as systematic postoperative colonoscopy (median time after surgery = 9.5 mo) in @entity1 with no clinical postoperative recurrence at the time of endoscopy. RESULTS: From 205 @entity1 who underwent surgery, 161 @entity1 (follow-up > 6 mo) were included. Endoscopic postoperative recurrence occurred in 67.6%, 79.7%, and 95.5% of the @entity1 , respectively 5, 10 and 20 years after surgery. The rate of clinical postoperative recurrence was 61.4%, 75.9%, and 92.5% at 5, 10 and 20 years, respectively. The rate of surgical postoperative recurrence was 19.0%, 38.9% and 64.7%, respectively, 5, 10 and 20 years after surgery. In multivariate analysis, previous intestinal resection, prior exposure to anti- @entity310 therapy before surgery, and fistulizing phenotype (B3) were postoperative risk factors. Previous @entity733 / @entity292 (other perianal lesions excluded), were predictive of only symptomatic recurrence. In multivariate analysis, an endoscopy-based management (n = 49/161) prevented clinical (HR = 0.4, 95%CI: 0.25-0.66, P < 0.001) and surgical postoperative recurrence (HR = 0.30, 95%CI: 0.13-0.70, P = 0.006). CONCLUSION: Endoscopy-based management should be recommended in all @entity30 @entity1 within the first year after surgery as it highly decreases the long-term risk of clinical recurrence and reoperation.

title: Endoscopy-based management decreases the risk of postoperative recurrences in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity733 :: ('MESH:D000038', 'Disease') :: ['perianal abscess']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ['CD', "Crohn's disease"]

answer: @entity30 :: (MESH:D003424,Disease) :: ['Crohn's disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship between nutritional status, functional capacity and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in older adults with type 2 @entity6 (T2DM). DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING AND @entity1 : Forty two non-insulin dependent older adults from a primary care center in Seville, Spain. MEASUREMENTS: Function was assessed with a battery of standardized physical fitness tests. Nutritional status was assessed using the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) and the European Quality of Life Questionnaire (EQ-5D-3L) was used to assess HRQoL. RESULTS: There was an association between MNA-nutritional status and lower body strength as assessed by the chair sit-stand test (rho= .451; p= .037) and between MNA-nutritional status and EQ-5D-3L-HRQoL (EQ-5D-3Lutility, rho= .553; p<.001 and EQ-5D-3LVAS rho= .402; p<.001). An MNA item by item correlation analysis with HRQoL and lower limb strength demonstrated that HRQoL appears to be related to functional capacity (principally lower body strength, motor agility and @entity410 ) among @entity1 . These results were maintained when correlations were adjusted for co-morbidity. CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrated that nutritional status is moderately associated with HRQoL and lower limb strength in @entity1 with T2DM. Our data suggest that more emphasis should be placed on interventions to encourage a correct diet and stress the needed to improve lower body strength to reinforce better mobility in T2DM population.

title: The relationship between nutritional status, functional capacity, and health-related quality of life in older adults with type 2 XXXX : a pilot explanatory study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['cardiorespiratory fitness']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare biochemical recurrence-free survival (bRFS) for @entity1 with @entity263 treated by retropubic radical prostatectomy (RRP), laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP), external beam @entity1161 ( @entity1161 ), or @entity2722 ( @entity2722 ). METHODS: @entity1 treated for @entity263 per National @entity5 Network guidelines from 1996 to 2005 were studied. Variables potentially affecting bRFS were examined using univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis. Five-year bRFS rates were calculated by actuarial methods; bRFS was calculated using Kaplan-Meier analysis. Nadir +2 definition of biochemical failure was used for @entity1161 and @entity2722 @entity1 ; a PSA >=  0.4 ng/mL was used for radical prostatectomy (RP) @entity1 . Time to initiation of salvage therapy was compared for each treatment group using the Kruskal-Wallis test. RESULTS: Nine-hundred seventy-nine @entity1 were analyzed with a median follow-up of 65 months. Five years bRFS rate was 82.8% for all @entity1 (89.5% @entity2722 , 85.7% @entity1161 , 79.9% RRP, and 60.2% LRP). @entity1 treated by LRP had significantly worse bRFS than @entity1161 (P < .0001), @entity2722 (P < .0001), or RRP @entity1 (P = .0038). Treatment modality (P < .0001) and average number of PSA tests per year (P < .0001) were the only independent predictors of bRFS on multivariate analysis. Median time to initiation of salvage therapy from time of treatment was 28.6 months for all @entity1 (26.1 RP, 21.0 LRP, 47.4 @entity2722 , 47.8 @entity1161 ; P < .0001). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with @entity263 choosing @entity2722 , @entity1161 , or RRP appear to have improved 5-year bRFS and delayed salvage therapy compared with LRP.

title: Five year biochemical recurrence free survival for intermediate @entity263 after radical prostatectomy, external beam XXXX or @entity2722 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['intermediate-risk prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Comprehensive Cancer']

entities_list: @entity1161 :: ('MESH:D011832', 'Disease') :: ['radiation therapy', 'RT']

entities_list: @entity2722 :: ('MESH:D009366', 'Disease') :: ['permanent seed implantation', 'PI']

answer: @entity1161 :: (MESH:D011832,Disease) :: ['radiation therapy']


abstract: PURPOSE: Our study aimed to determine whether @entity27 ( @entity27 ) is common among @entity2994 ( @entity2994 ) @entity1 without systemic risk factors using a Watch PAT-100 portable monitoring device. METHODS: The study @entity1 included consecutive @entity1 with @entity2994 of less than 3 months duration without any risk factors known to be associated with @entity27 ( @entity6 , @entity453 , @entity64 , @entity1503 , @entity792 , etc.) except for @entity101 . All @entity1 underwent full-night unattended polysomnography by means of a portable monitor Watch PAT-100 device. The @entity27 index (AHI) was calculated as the average number of @entity386 and @entity387 events per hour of sleep, and an AHI score of five or more events was diagnosed as @entity27 . RESULTS: Among 19 @entity1 (6 males and 13 females), 42.1% (8 of 19) had an AHI reflective of @entity27 . In the 13 @entity1 who had no concurrent illness, including @entity101 , 30.8% (4 of 13) had positive test results for @entity27 ; three of these @entity1 were ranked as mild @entity27 , while one had moderate @entity27 . The @entity27 group had an average AHI of 12.3    7.8, and the average AHI was 2.0    0.9 in the non- @entity27 group. Although it was not statistically proven, we found that @entity27 @entity1 experienced a more severe form of @entity2994 . CONCLUSIONS: We found a higher than expected rate of @entity27 in @entity2994 @entity1 lacking concomitant diseases typically associated with @entity27 . Our findings suggest that @entity27 could be an additional risk factor in the pathogenesis of @entity2994 or at least a frequently associated condition that could function as a triggering factor.

title: Obstructive Sleep XXXX in @entity1 with @entity2994 : A Preliminary Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity387 :: ('MESH:D012891', 'Disease') :: ['hypopnea']

entities_list: @entity2994 :: ('MESH:D012170', 'Disease') :: ['branch retinal vein occlusion', 'BRVO']

entities_list: @entity27 :: ('MESH:D020181', 'Disease') :: ['apnea-hypopnea', 'obstructive sleep apnea', 'OSA']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['hematologic diseases']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune disease']

answer: @entity386 :: (MESH:D001049,Disease) :: ['Apnea']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to investigate the association of cigarette smoking with @entity356 . METHODS: Over 215,000 @entity1 and @entity1 , representing five ethnic groups (African Americans, Japanese Americans, Latino Americans, Native Hawaiians, and Whites), completed a mailed questionnaire, 1993-1996. After an average follow-up of 7.3 years, 454 @entity1 and 242 @entity1 were diagnosed with @entity356 . Cox proportional hazard models were used to calculate multivariate-adjusted hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS: Current cigarette smokers had elevated hazard ratios compared with never smokers among @entity1 (HR = 1.98; 95% CI 1.46-2.70) and @entity1 (HR = 1.78; 95% CI 1.23-2.57). This positive association was consistent across all five ethnicities. Former smokers had an elevated risk among @entity1 , but not among @entity1 . There was a significant trend by intensity (cigarettes per day) and duration (years) of smoking among all current smokers. After separation by anatomic location of their @entity5 , ever smokers had a higher risk for @entity356 (HR = 2.86; 95% CI 1.66-4.93) than for distal @entity356 (HR = 1.52; 95% CI 1.25-1.86) among @entity1 and @entity1 combined. Analysis by histologic @entity5 type showed a stronger association between current smoking and the intestinal type. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, this study shows an association of current cigarette smoking with @entity356 in both sexes, consistency of this effect across five ethnic groups, evidence for a dose-response effect of smoking in both sexes, a stronger effect for @entity418 than for distal @entity356 , and a stronger association for intestinal than for diffuse @entity356 .

title: The association of cigarette smoking with XXXX : the multiethnic cohort study.

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer', 'gastric adenocarcinoma', 'gastric cardia cancer']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['gastric cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The Workers' Compensation Board of British Columbia requested a retrospective analysis of all fishermen's @entity204 from immersion in water in British Columbia. AIMS: To identify the underlying cause of @entity14481 and make recommendations to improve safety in the fishing industry. METHOD: Eighty-nine inshore and offshore fishing accidents were analysed. Where possible, @entity204 were classified into the four stages of cold-water immersion: cold shock, swimming failure, @entity2332 and @entity891 . Other factors that led up to the @entity14481 were also identified. RESULTS: One hundred and thirty fishermen died from immersion between 1976 and 2002. One hundred and twenty-eight drownings were certified by the coroner as @entity14481 or @entity14481 / @entity2332 and two were certified as @entity299 after immersion. The underlying causes of drownings were reclassified as: cold shock (5.4%), swimming failure (5.4%), @entity2332 (5.4%), @entity891 (0.8%), @entity299 (0.8%) and @entity14481 /other (10%). In the remaining 72.2% of @entity204 , there was insufficient information to determine an underlying cause. All @entity204 occurred in water below 17.5 degrees C but 95% were in water less than 15 degrees C. CONCLUSIONS: Immersion in water below 15 degrees C is dangerous and this should be emphasized on marine survival courses. Accident investigators, coroners and pathologists need a common checklist to record vital data. A recommended format is included as Supplementary data available at Occupational Medicine Online. Fishermen should be educated about the dangers of sudden, unexpected immersion in cold water. Consideration should be given to making marine survival courses mandatory for fishermen.

title: How much did cold shock and swimming failure contribute to XXXX in the fishing industry in British Columbia 1976-2002?

entities_list: @entity891 :: ('MESH:D001261', 'Disease') :: ['post-rescue collapse']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac event']

entities_list: @entity2332 :: ('MESH:D007035', 'Disease') :: ['hypothermia']

answer: @entity204 :: (MESH:D003643,Disease) :: ['drowning deaths']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the predictive validity and calibration of the @entity55 severity-of-illness index (PSI) in @entity1 with @entity497 ( @entity497 ). @entity1 : Randomly selected @entity1 (n = 1,024) admitted with @entity497 to 22 community hospitals. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Medical records were abstracted to obtain prognostic information used in the PSI. The discriminatory ability of the PSI to identify @entity1 who died and the calibration of the PSI across deciles of risk were determined. The PSI discriminates well between @entity1 with high risk of @entity204 and those with a lower risk. In contrast, calibration of the PSI was poor, and the PSI predicted about 2.4 times more @entity204 than actually occurred in our population of @entity1 with @entity497 . CONCLUSIONS: We found that the PSI had good discriminatory ability. The original PSI overestimated absolute risk of @entity204 in our population. We describe a simple approach to recalibration, which corrected the overestimation in our population. Recalibration may be needed when transporting this prediction rule across populations.

title: Validation of the XXXX severity index. Importance of study-specific recalibration.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity497 :: ('MESH:D003147', 'Disease') :: ['CAP', 'community-acquired pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['death', 'deaths']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

answer: @entity55 :: (MESH:D011014,Disease) :: ['pneumonia']


abstract: To demonstrate discordant expression of @entity1 chorionic gonadotropin ( @entity1465 ) subunits in the @entity1 thymus and @entity6732 , immunocytochemical studies were performed with immunoelectron microscopy. In the fetus, @entity1465 beta-positive cells were identified in excess of @entity1465 alpha-positive cells ( @entity1465 alpha: 1.38 +/- 0.18/mm2, @entity1465 beta: 4.50 +/- 1.13/mm2). They were usually different populations in serial sections. There were 0.18 +/- 0.03/mm2 synchronously positive cells using the double immunostaining method, comprising approximately 3% of the total positive cells. The immunoreactive material for both subunits was present at the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER), perinuclear space, and vesicular structures with protruding microvilli in the lumens. @entity1465 alpha was expressed preferentially in the endocrine @entity5 of the thymus and non-germ-cell @entity5 , with rare positivity for beta-subunits of glycoprotein hormones. The @entity1465 alpha-immunoreactive material also was present in the granules as well as in RER of the neoplastic cells. In four @entity44 of the thymus, @entity1465 alpha-positivity only was present in endocrinelike cells. The subunit profile of @entity1465 was unbalanced in the thymus and isolated @entity1465 alpha-expression in the fetal thymus may represent the endocrine cell with a primitive storage mechanism. The discordant expression of @entity1465 subunits may be common in nontrophoblastic tissues.

title: XXXX chorionic gonadotropin in the thymus. An immunocytochemical study on discordant expression of subunits.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity6732 :: ('MESH:D013953', 'Disease') :: ['thymic tumors']

entities_list: @entity44 :: ('MESH:D013724', 'Disease') :: ['teratomas']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Human']


abstract: @entity1092 ( @entity2052 ) is a widely prescribed anticonvulsant for the treatment of @entity302 . Here we demonstrate that @entity2052 is a novel activator of @entity860 -activated protein kinase (AMPK), a key regulator of cellular metabolism, using primary @entity19 and @entity1 hepatocytes. Incubation of primary @entity19 hepatocytes with @entity2052 resulted in increased levels of phosphorylated AMPK and @entity6625 carboxylase (ACC). This finding was recapitulated using primary @entity1 hepatocytes. Pretreatment of @entity19 hepatocytes with a small-molecule inhibitor of AMPK, Compound C ( @entity34846 ), abrogated the phosphorylation of ACC following treatment with @entity2052 . The cytochrome P450 inhibitor @entity18484 blocked the @entity2052 -stimulated phosphorylation of AMPK, suggesting a requirement for biotransformation of @entity2052 . In line with this, treatment of hepatocytes with metabolites of @entity2052 resulted in increased phosphorylation of AMPK/ACC as compared with @entity2052 . Treatment of ob/ob @entity19 with @entity2052 for 14 days resulted in decreased liver masses, @entity409 , and serum @entity413 . These results paralleled those observed in @entity19 treated with @entity2449 . In addition, a targeted mass spectrometry-based metabolomics assay revealed several small molecules that were differentially abundant in the serum of ob/ob @entity19 treated with @entity2052 as compared with vehicle-treated @entity19 . These studies are the first to establish @entity2052 and its metabolites as in vitro activators of AMPK.

title: @entity1092 is a novel activator of @entity860 -activated protein kinase and decreases @entity409 , @entity409 , and serum XXXX in obese @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity34846 :: ('MESH:C516138', 'Chemical') :: ['6-[4-(2-piperidin-1-ylethoxy)phenyl]-3-pyridin-4-ylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine']

entities_list: @entity1092 :: ('MESH:D014635', 'Chemical') :: ['Valproic acid']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic fat accumulation']

entities_list: @entity18484 :: ('MESH:C033020', 'Chemical') :: ['1-aminobenzotriazole']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity6625 :: ('MESH:D000105', 'Chemical') :: ['acetyl-CoA']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity2449 :: ('MESH:D008687', 'Chemical') :: ['metformin']

answer: @entity413 :: (MESH:D005947,Chemical) :: ['glucose']


abstract: Beijerinck's entirely new concept, launched in 1898, of a filterable contagium vivum fluidum which multiplied in close association with the host's metabolism and was distributed in phloem vessels together with plant nutrients, did not match the then prevailing bacteriological germ theory. At the time, tools and concepts to handle such a new kind of agent (the viruses) were non-existent. Beijerinck's novel idea, therefore, did not revolutionize biological science or immediately alter @entity1 understanding of @entity66 . That is how bacteriological dogma persisted, as voiced by Loeffler and Frosch when showing the filterability of an animal virus (1898), and especially by Ivanovsky who had already in 1892 detected filterability of the agent of @entity286 mosaic but kept looking for a microbe and finally (1903) claimed its multiplication in an artificial medium. The dogma was also strongly advocated by Roux in 1903 when writing the first review on viruses, which he named 'so-called "invisible" microbes', unwittingly including the agent of @entity291 @entity5390 , only much later proved to be caused by a @entity9463 . In 1904, Baur was the first to advocate strongly the chemical view of viruses. But uncertainty about the true nature of viruses, with their similarities to enzymes and genes, continued until the 1930s when at long last @entity21104 particles were isolated as an enzyme-like protein (1935), soon to be better characterized as a nucleoprotein (1937). Physicochemical virus studies were a key element in triggering molecular biology which was to provide further means to reveal the true nature of viruses 'at the threshold of life'. Beijerinck's 1898 vision was not appreciated or verified during his lifetime. But Beijerinck already had a clear notion of the mechanism behind the phenomena he observed. Developments in virology and molecular biology since 1935 indicate how close Beijerinck (and even Mayer, Beijerinck's predecessor in research on @entity286 mosaic) had been to the mark. The history of research on @entity286 mosaic and the commitments of Mayer, Beijerinck and others demonstrate that progress in science is not only a matter of mere technology but of philosophy as well. Raemaekers' Mayer cartoon, inspired by Beijerinck, artistically represents the crucial question about the reliability of our images of reality, and about the scope of our technological interference with nature.

title: Beijerinck's work on XXXX : historical context and legacy.

entities_list: @entity9463 :: ('MESH:D009175', 'Disease') :: ['mycoplasma']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['contagious diseases']

entities_list: @entity21104 :: ('12242', 'Species') :: ['tobacco mosaic virus']

entities_list: @entity5390 :: ('MESH:D011001', 'Disease') :: ['pleuropneumonia']

answer: @entity21104 :: (12242,Species) :: ['tobacco mosaic virus']


abstract: Partial @entity358 (PAPVC) is a rare congenital abnormal @entity299 involving the pulmonary veins draining into the right atrium (RA) directly or indirectly by venous connection. Ninety percent of PAPVCs are accompanied by @entity118 ( @entity118 ). To our knowledge, there is no previous report of PAPVC with @entity1757 ( @entity1757 ) without @entity118 in Korea, and in this paper, we report the first such case. A 2-day-old @entity1 was admitted into the Chonnam National University Hospital for evaluation of a cardiac murmur. An echocardiogram revealed @entity1757 without @entity118 . She underwent patch closure of the @entity1757 at 5 months of age. Although the @entity1757 was completely closed, she had persistent @entity1283 with right ventricular @entity1284 , as revealed by echocardiography. Three years later, cardiac catheterization and chest computed tomography revealed a PAPVC, with the right upper pulmonary vein draining into the right @entity6480 . Therefore, correction of the PAPVC was surgically performed at 3 years of age. We conclude that it is important to suspect PAPVC in @entity1 with right ventricular @entity1284 , but without @entity118 .

title: @entity358 with intact atrial septum in a @entity1 with XXXX : a case report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['girl', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1283 :: ('MESH:D006332', 'Disease') :: ['cardiomegaly']

entities_list: @entity1757 :: ('MESH:D006345', 'Disease') :: ['VSD', 'ventricular septal defect', 'perimembranous VSD']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['anomalous pulmonary vein connection']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac defect']

entities_list: @entity118 :: ('MESH:D006344', 'Disease') :: ['atrial septal defect', 'ASD']

entities_list: @entity1284 :: ('MESH:D019190', 'Disease') :: ['volume overload']

answer: @entity1757 :: (MESH:D006345,Disease) :: ['ventricular septal defect']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Evidence suggests that dendritic cells accumulate in the lungs of @entity1030 @entity1 and correlate with disease severity. We investigated the importance of @entity34551 and its ligands @entity634 and b to dendritic cell accumulation and maturation in response to cigarette smoke exposure. METHODS: @entity19 were exposed to cigarette smoke using a whole body smoke exposure system. @entity34551 -, @entity1990 -, and @entity634 -deficient @entity19 , as well as anti- @entity634 and anti- @entity635 blocking antibodies were used to study the importance of @entity34551 and @entity1990 to dendritic cell accumulation and activation. RESULTS: Acute and chronic cigarette smoke exposure led to increased frequency of lung dendritic cells. Accumulation and activation of dendritic cells was @entity34551 / @entity634 dependent, but @entity1990 - and @entity635 -independent. Corroborating the cellular data, expression of @entity13948 , a potent dendritic cells chemoattractant, was @entity34551 / @entity634 -dependent. Studies using @entity34551 bone marrow-chimeric @entity19 revealed the importance of @entity34551 signaling on lung structural cells for @entity13948 expression. Consistent with the importance of dendritic cells in T cell activation, we observed decreased CD4+ and CD8+ T cell activation in cigarette smoke-exposed @entity34551 -deficient @entity19 . CONCLUSION: Our findings convey the importance of @entity34551 / @entity634 to the recruitment and activation of dendritic cells in response to cigarette smoke exposure.

title: Cigarette smoke-induced accumulation of lung dendritic cells is @entity634 -dependent in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: To study the role of free radical-induced @entity296 during heart transplantation, five groups of @entity235 hearts were orthotopically transplanted. Control group I and experimental groups II, III, and IV (each n = 8) were reperfused for 1 hr after 49 min of operational @entity63 . Control group V (n = 4) remained @entity63 for 90 min. In the three experimental groups, the free radical scavengers @entity224 dismutase (10 mg/kg; group II), @entity7669 ), or both (10 mg/kg each; group IV) were administered just before reperfusion and during reperfusion for 1 hr. The generation of free radicals, remained at low levels in all groups during @entity63 , but significantly increased when groups I-IV were reperfused. This increase was also associated with an increase in @entity1011 kinase MB isoenzyme. In the experimental groups, free radical scavengers significantly inhibited the appearance of @entity4466 reactive substances and the release of @entity1011 kinase MB isoenzyme during reperfusion (P less than 0.05). Regarding cardiac functions, 60 min after the termination of the cardiopulmonary bypass, a significant improvement was demonstrated in the treated groups (P less than 0.05). These results indicate that (1) the generation of @entity26 free radicals occurs primarily during reperfusion, (2) both @entity224 dismutase and @entity7669 reduce production of free radicals during this time, and (3) combined administration did not provide a greater improvement in cardiac metabolic recovery. This study confirms the efficacy of free radical scavengers during heart transplantation.

title: XXXX -derived free radical damage in @entity235 heart transplantation.

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial injury']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia', 'ischemic']

entities_list: @entity7669 :: ('403474(Tax:9615)', 'Gene') :: ['catalase', 'catalase (10 mg/kg; group III']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity4466 :: ('MESH:C029684', 'Chemical') :: ['thiobarbituric acid']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide']

answer: @entity26 :: (MESH:D010100,Chemical) :: ['Oxygen']


abstract: Busc  , B, Morales, J, Solana-Tramunt, M, Mir  , A, and Garc  a, M. Effects of @entity89 while wearing a customized bite-aligning mouthpiece on strength in healthy young @entity1 . J Strength Cond Res 30(4): 1102-1110, 2016-Recent studies have investigated the ergogenic effects of different types of mouthguards. There is evidence of the benefits of @entity31474 customized mouthpieces on force and power development. The phenomenon called concurrent activation potentiation (CAP) promoted in @entity89 seems to enhance the muscular strength and power in maximal isometric contractions and powerful actions in sport. Moreover, a bite-aligning mouthpiece may promote a more aligned and powerful clench. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of @entity89 while wearing a customized bite-aligning mouthpiece (MP) on jump ability and isometric maximal strength tests in contrast to 2 other conditions: nonjaw @entity31474 (NON-JAW) and @entity89 without the mouthpiece (JAW). A within-subjects design was used to assess the jump performance and the maximal isometric force in 28 physically active male subjects. Statistical analyses revealed significantly higher performance in JAW and NON-JAW conditions for handgrip force (HG-peakforce) and all variables of the back-row exercise (BRW) and countermovement vertical jump (CMVJ) (p  <= 0.05). Significant differences between NON-JAW and JAW were found for HG-peakforce (p  <= 0.05). These findings suggest that it is advisable to use a customized bite-aligning mouthpiece to improve strength and power performance.

title: Effects of Jaw Clenching While Wearing a Customized Bite-Aligning Mouthpiece on Strength in Healthy Young XXXX .

entities_list: @entity89 :: ('MESH:D007571', 'Disease') :: ['jaw clenching']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Men']


abstract: In the adult rodent brain, the subventricular zone (SVZ) represents a special niche for neural stem cells; these cells proliferate and generate neural progenitors. Most of these migrate along the rostral migratory stream to the olfactory bulb, where they differentiate into interneurons. SVZ-derived progenitors can also be recruited spontaneously to damaged brain areas to replace lost cells, including oligodendrocytes in @entity17 . In this study, we searched for factors able to enhance this spontaneous recruitment of endogenous progenitors. Previous studies have suggested that @entity6354 ( @entity6354 ) could stimulate proliferation, migration, and glial differentiation of SVZ progenitors. In the present study we examined @entity6354 influence on endogenous SVZ cell participation to brain repair in the context of @entity17 . We induced a focal @entity17 in the corpus callosum by lysolecithin injection and showed that intranasal @entity20829 ( @entity20829 ) administration induces a significant increase in SVZ cell proliferation together with a stronger SVZ cell mobilization toward the lesions. Besides, @entity20829 causes a shift of SVZ-derived progenitor cell differentiation toward the astrocytic lineage. However, due to the threefold increase in cell recruitment by @entity6354 treatment, the absolute number of SVZ-derived oligodendrocytes in the lesion of treated @entity19 is higher than in controls. These results suggest that enhancing SVZ cell proliferation could be part of future strategies to promote SVZ progenitor cell mobilization toward @entity75 .

title: Intranasal @entity20829 administration favors adult SVZ cell mobilization to XXXX in @entity19 corpus callosum.

entities_list: @entity17 :: ('MESH:D003711', 'Disease') :: ['demyelinated lesions', 'demyelinated lesion']

entities_list: @entity20829 :: ('15200(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['HB-EGF', 'heparin-binding epidermal growth factor']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain lesions']

entities_list: @entity6354 :: ('13645(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['EGF', 'epidermal growth factor']

answer: @entity17 :: (MESH:D003711,Disease) :: ['demyelinated lesions']


abstract: PURPOSE: Survival after brain or @entity4097 is poor and varies by diagnostic group, age, grade, treatment and pretreatment factors, and location and size of @entity5 . We carried out a study to investigate survival and factors affecting survival of all diagnostic types of second primary brain or @entity4097 . @entity1 AND METHODS: The British @entity5 Survivor Study (BCCSS) is a long-term population-based follow-up study of 17,980 5-year survivors of childhood @entity5 . We used relative survival and multivariate Cox regression analysis to determine 5-year relative survival and factors affecting survival in second @entity1653 and @entity11 that developed in survivors included in the BCCSS. RESULTS: There were 247 second primary brain or @entity4097 , including 137 @entity1653 and 73 @entity11 in a young adult population. Five-year relative survival after @entity1653 was similar for males (84.0%; 95% CI, 72.6% to 91.1%) and females (81.7%; 95% CI, 69.9% to 89.3%). For @entity11 , 5-year relative survival was 19.5% (95% CI, 8.6% to 33.7%) for males and females. Multivariate analysis showed significant heterogeneity by decade of treatment (P = .04), grade (P = .03), and genetic risk (P = .03) for rate of mortality after a @entity1653 . For @entity11 , survival was significantly affected by grade (P < .001). CONCLUSION: Our results indicate survival is poor after second primary @entity11 in this young adult population, although survival after second primary @entity1653 is good. Our study has clinical implications for the surveillance of childhood @entity5 survivors at risk of developing second @entity1313 , in particular survivors of childhood @entity981 or @entity1313 .

title: Survival after second primary XXXX or spinal cord in survivors of childhood @entity5 : results from the British @entity5 Survivor Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity981 :: ('MESH:D054198', 'Disease') :: ['acute lymphoblastic leukemia']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['childhood brain tumors', 'primary brain tumors']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Childhood Cancer', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['glioma', 'gliomas']

entities_list: @entity1653 :: ('MESH:D008579', 'Disease') :: ['meningiomas', 'primary meningiomas', 'meningioma']

entities_list: @entity4097 :: ('MESH:D013120', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord neoplasms']

answer: @entity1313 :: (MESH:D001932,Disease) :: ['neoplasms of the brain']


abstract: Ischemic preconditioning (IPC), a strategy used to attenuate @entity63 -reperfusion injury, consists of brief @entity63 periods, each followed by reperfusion, prior to a sustained @entity63 insult. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the local and systemic anti-inflammatory effects of hind limb IPC in male @entity35 @entity35 (200-250 g) models of @entity32 . IPC was induced with right hind limb @entity63 for 10 min by placing an elastic rubber band tourniquet on the proximal part of the limb followed by 30 min of reperfusion. Groups (N = 6-8) were submitted to right or left @entity4 ( @entity4 ) with carrageenan (100 microg) or Dextran (200 microg), @entity2335 with @entity1260 (200 mg/kg, ip) or @entity1819 ( @entity1819 ) with @entity3352 (20 mg/kg, vo). Controls received similar treatments, without IPC (Sham-IPC). @entity4 is reported as variation of paw volume (mL), vesical @entity4 (VE) as vesical wet weight (mg), @entity455 ( @entity455 ) with @entity5934 (microg), @entity1819 with the @entity1819 index (GLI; total length of all erosions, mm), and @entity9979 ( @entity9979 ) from myeloperoxidase activity. The statistical significance (P < 0.05) was determined by ANOVA, followed by the Tukey test. Carrageenan or Dextran-induced @entity4 and @entity455 in either paw were reduced by @entity5524 (42-58.7%). IPC inhibited VE (38.8%) and @entity455 (54%) in @entity1260 -induced @entity2335 . @entity1819 and @entity9979 induced by @entity3352 were inhibited by IPC (GLI: 90.3%; @entity9979 : 64%). This study shows for the first time that IPC produces local and systemic anti-inflammatory effects in models of @entity32 other than @entity63 -reperfusion injury.

title: Hind limb XXXX preconditioning induces an anti-inflammatory response by remote organs in @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['acute inflammation']

entities_list: @entity9979 :: ('MESH:C563515', 'Disease') :: ['neutrophil migration', 'NM']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular permeability', 'VP']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia', 'ischemic']

entities_list: @entity1819 :: ('MESH:D013272', 'Disease') :: ['gastric injury', 'GI', 'gastric lesion']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['paw edema', 'PE', 'edema']

entities_list: @entity5934 :: ('MESH:C536380', 'Disease') :: ['Evans blue extravasation']

entities_list: @entity1260 :: ('MESH:D007069', 'Chemical') :: ['ifosfamide']

entities_list: @entity3352 :: ('MESH:D007213', 'Chemical') :: ['indomethacin']

entities_list: @entity2335 :: ('MESH:D003556', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhagic cystitis']

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['ischemic']


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine the added value of quality of life (QOL) as a prognostic factor for @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) in @entity1 with locally advanced @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) treated on Radiation Therapy Oncology Group RTOG-9801. @entity1 AND METHODS: Two hundred forty-three @entity1 with stage II/IIIAB @entity1149 received induction @entity1311 and @entity3003 (PC) and then concurrent weekly PC and hyperfractionated radiation (to 69.6 Gy). @entity1 were randomly assigned to @entity8503 (AM) or no AM during chemoradiotherapy. The following pretreatment factors were analyzed as prognostic factors for @entity1349 : Karnofsky performance status, stage, sex, age, race, marital status, histology, @entity5 location, hemoglobin, @entity286 use, treatment arm (AM v no AM) and QOL scores (European Organisation for Research and Treatment of @entity5 Quality of Life Questionnaire C30 [QLQ-C30] and Lung @entity5 13 [LC-13]). A multivariate ( @entity13094 ) Cox proportional hazards model was performed using a backwards selection process. RESULTS: Of the 239 analyzable @entity1 , 91% had a baseline global QOL score. Median follow-up time was 59 months for @entity1 still alive and 17 months for all @entity1 . Median baseline QLQ-C30 global QOL score was 66.7 on both treatment arms. Whether the global QOL score was treated as a dichotomized variable (based on the median score) or a continuous variable, all other variables fell out of the MVA for @entity1349 . @entity1 with a global QOL score less than 66.7 had an approximately 70% higher rate of @entity204 than @entity1 with scores > or = 66.7 (P = .004). A 10-point higher baseline global QOL score corresponded to a decrease in the hazard of @entity204 by approximately 10% (P = .004). The other independent QOL predictors for @entity1349 were the QLQ-C30 physical functioning (P = .011) and LC-13 @entity1353 scores (P = .012). CONCLUSION: In this analysis, baseline global QOL score replaced known prognostic factors as the sole predictor of long-term @entity1349 for @entity1 with locally advanced @entity1149 .

title: Quality of life supersedes the classic prognosticators for long-term survival in locally advanced XXXX : an analysis of RTOG 9801.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['carboplatin']

entities_list: @entity8503 :: ('MESH:D004999', 'Chemical') :: ['amifostine']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small-cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small-cell lung cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity1 's physical activity (PA) has been studied extensively, but little information is available on those with disabilities. We sought to examine the PA of @entity1 with disabilities during @entity4270 ( @entity4270 ) and recess while simultaneously documenting environmental conditions. METHOD: Five schools designed for students with four types of special needs ( @entity717 , mild @entity717 , @entity393 , and @entity227 ) participated. We used the System for Observing Fitness Instruction Time (SOFIT) to code the PA of @entity1 in grades 4 to 6 during both @entity4270 and recess and to document teacher behavior and lesson context in @entity4270 . Observations were conducted during 2 school days over a 2-week period. RESULTS: @entity1 accrued little moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) during @entity4270 (7.8 min) and recess (8.9 min). Activity levels varied across disability types, with differences attributed to lesson context and teacher behavior. @entity1 with physical disabilities were the least active during both @entity4270 and recess. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with disabilities accrue little PA at school. Increased @entity4270 frequency and lesson intensity, more PA opportunities during non-structured school time, and collaborations with home and community agencies are needed to reach PA recommendations.

title: Physical activity levels of XXXX in special schools.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual impairment']

entities_list: @entity4270 :: ('MESH:D059445', 'Disease') :: ['physical education', 'PE']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['physical disability', 'intellectual disability']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing impairment']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To assess impact of the new US rotavirus immunization program initiated in 2006, robust baseline data on @entity294 and @entity6425 burden are needed. While several studies have assessed burden in inpatient settings, few data are available for @entity341 ( @entity341 ) and outpatient settings. METHODS: We used the MarketScan databases, a large claims-based data repository, to analyze the health and economic burden of @entity294 -related healthcare encounters in @entity1 <5 years in inpatient, @entity341 , and outpatient settings from 2001 to 2006. Because rotavirus testing and coding are not routinely performed, rotavirus burden was estimated by calculating excess @entity294 events during winter compared with summer baseline (winter residual method). RESULTS: Between 2001 and 2006, the average annual rate of healthcare utilization for @entity294 was 1561 per 10,000 @entity1 <5 years, with a hospitalization rate of 50 per 10,000, @entity341 visit rate of 180 per 10,000, and outpatient visit rate of 1332 per 10,000. The winter residual method attributed 53% of inpatient, 41% of @entity341 , and 23% of outpatient @entity294 events to rotavirus. By age 5, we estimated that 1 in 74 @entity1 are admitted, 1 in 27 require @entity341 care, and 1 in 7 are treated in outpatient settings for @entity6425 . Median payments for rotavirus in inpatient, @entity341 , and outpatient settings were  3135,  332, and  90, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Rotavirus causes substantial health and economic burden in US @entity1 , especially in @entity341 and outpatient settings. Future monitoring through claims-based data sources should allow assessment of rotavirus vaccine impact on healthcare utilization for @entity294 .

title: Trends in healthcare utilization for @entity294 and @entity6425 in privately insured US XXXX <5 years of age, 2001-2006.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity6425 :: ('MESH:D012400', 'Disease') :: ['rotavirus disease', 'rotavirus illness']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['ED', 'emergency department']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: The epidemiology of blood pressure in very old age has not been thoroughly studied. The objective of this study was to study blood pressure changes throughout old age and changes in blood pressure and antihypertensive drug use from 1981 to 2005. The study includes 1133 blood pressure measurements from two studies carried out in Ume  , Sweden. The U70 study (1981-1990) included individuals aged 70-88 and the Ume   85+/GERDA study (2000-2005) covered @entity1 aged 85, 90 or >= 95 years. The impact of age, sex and year of investigation on blood pressure was investigated using linear regression. Mean diastolic blood pressure ( @entity11559 ) decreased by 0.35 mm Hg (P<0.001) for each year of age. An inverted U-shaped relation was found between age and systolic blood pressure (SBP), with SBP reaching its maximum at 74.5 years. Mean SBP and @entity11559 also decreased over time (SBP by 0.44 mm Hg per year, P<0.001 and @entity11559 by 0.34 mm Hg per year, P<0.001). The proportion of participants on antihypertensive drugs increased from 39.0% in 1981 to 69.4% in 2005. In this study of @entity1 aged >= 70 years, mean SBP and @entity11559 decreased with higher age and later investigation year. Antihypertensive drug use increased with time, which might partly explain the observed cohort effect.

title: Blood pressure change and antihypertensive treatment in old and very old XXXX : evidence of age, sex and cohort effects.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['people']


abstract: @entity9465 is a rare @entity102 which typically associates an ophthalmological and vestibulocochlear involvement, with a risk of systemic symptoms in 50-70% of cases. Autoimmune origin has been consolidated by the recent discoveries of Lunardi as a result of the dysregulation of the response of B and T lymphocytes. We report here a pediatric case of @entity9465 , with long term follow-up and complete vestibulocochlear and ophthalmologic examination. During the acute phase, early @entity230 treatment ( @entity229 1mg/kg per day) was effective on @entity3217 and @entity393 . The @entity1 required high @entity134 doses to maintain remission, suggesting the necessity for @entity134 sparing immunosuppressive agents. We introduced @entity618 ( @entity2098 ), an immunosuppressive agent mainly used in solid organ transplantation. After @entity134 withdrawal the @entity1 remained in complete remission on @entity2098 . This is the first report of @entity2098 treatment in @entity9465 . @entity2098 produces a targeted inhibition of the proliferation of B and T lymphocytes, particularly interesting in @entity9465 . Low long term @entity137 and overall good tolerance make @entity2098 a new treatment option in @entity134 dependent @entity9465 .

title: XXXX as a treatment of @entity134 dependent @entity9465 in childhood.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity3217 :: ('MESH:D015821', 'Disease') :: ['ocular lesions']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic inflammatory disorder']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity618 :: ('MESH:C063008', 'Chemical') :: ['mycophenolate mofetil']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing loss']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity9465 :: ('MESH:D055952', 'Disease') :: ["Cogan's syndrome"]

answer: @entity618 :: (MESH:C063008,Chemical) :: ['Mycophenolate mofetil']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To study the epidemiological features of @entity5414 in the adult population and to identify the risk factors for mortality in @entity5414 . METHODS: A five year reterospective study was performed on cases with @entity5414 admitted in our hospital between January 1999 and December 2004. @entity1 were identified according to ICD codes, 711.00. Data was recorded on a standardized data sheet and analyzed by SPSS 11.5 software. RESULTS: A total of 116 @entity1 were identified, 69 were male (59.5%) and 47 female (40.55%). Mean age of @entity1 was 49.22 years. The most common presenting clinical features were joint swelling (99.1%) and @entity221 (60.3%), Knee joint was the most common joint involved (65.5%) followed by hip (11.2%). Gram stains of synovial fluid was done in 67.2% of cases out of which 22.4% had positive stains. @entity794 was the most common organism isolated from blood as well as synovial fluid (18.8%). Mean haemoglobin was 10.83gm/dl and 57.8% of @entity1 had total leukocyte count less than 11,000/cumm. Platelet count was greater than 150,000/cumm in 90.5% @entity1 . @entity101 , @entity177 , chronic @entity409 and elevated ESR were identified as some of the potential risk factors for higher mortality in a cohort with @entity5414 . CONCLUSION: @entity5414 is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. These results highlight the importance of obtaining cultures before starting any treatment.

title: XXXX in a tertiary care hospital.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['Hypertension']

entities_list: @entity5414 :: ('MESH:D001170', 'Disease') :: ['septic arthritis', 'Septic arthritis']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver disease']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

answer: @entity5414 :: (MESH:D001170,Disease) :: ['Septic arthritis']


abstract: The effectiveness and safety of @entity9940 and @entity7477 for @entity1 with @entity1067 ( @entity1067 ) was evaluated by literature review. PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Chinese biomedicine literature database (CBM), reference lists of reports, and reviews were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs), or quasi-RCTs of @entity9940 versus @entity7477 in @entity1067 . Twelve studies involving 2,816 @entity1 were included. Outcomes included international prostate symptom score (IPSS), quality of life (QOL), maximum urinary flow rate (Q(max)), average urinary flow rate (Q(ave)), residual volume, prostate volume, and adverse effect ( @entity1296 , severe @entity551 , @entity2133 ). Relative risk was calculated for dichotomous data. Sensitivity analyses assessed the influence of baseline symptom severity. We found that @entity9940 is better than @entity7477 when assessed by IPSS ( @entity353 ( @entity353 )=-1.24 95% CI [- 1.98, -0.51], there was no significant difference between the two groups in QOL ( @entity353 =0.04 95% CI [-0.16, 0.24]), Qmax ( @entity353 =-0.38 95% CI [-1.18, 0.41]), Q(ave) ( @entity353 =-0.39 95% CI [- 0.84, 0.06]), residual volume ( @entity353 =-4.32 95% CI [-10.96, 2.33]), and prostate volume ( @entity353 =-0.28 95% CI [- 3.37, 2.81]). Fewer @entity1 receiving @entity9940 experienced @entity1296 (relative risk (RR) -0.38 95% CI [0.30, 0.48]), severe @entity551 (RR=0.16 95% CI [0.04, 0.68]), and @entity2133 (RR=0.14 95% CI [0.03, 0.77]), compared with @entity1 receiving @entity7477 . Many of the high quality RCTs showed beneficial effects of @entity9940 in terms of improving IPSS. However, whether @entity9940 proves more efficacious than @entity7477 in long term therapy requires confirmation by additional large sample, high quality trials.

title: @entity9940 versus @entity7477 for XXXX : a systematic review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['WMD', 'weighted mean difference']

entities_list: @entity1067 :: ('MESH:D011470', 'Disease') :: ['benign prostatic hyperplasia', 'BPH']

entities_list: @entity7477 :: ('MESH:C041226', 'Chemical') :: ['terazosin']

entities_list: @entity1296 :: ('MESH:D004244', 'Disease') :: ['dizziness']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

entities_list: @entity9940 :: ('MESH:C088482', 'Chemical') :: ['tamsulosin']

answer: @entity1067 :: (MESH:D011470,Disease) :: ['benign prostatic hyperplasia']


abstract: PURPOSE: To study the effectiveness of pre-enucleation @entity230 in reducing @entity32 in @entity1 with @entity995 presenting as @entity4550 . METHODS: Medical records of consecutive @entity995 @entity1 presenting at a single tertiary eye care center during a period of 3 years were retrospectively reviewed. For those who presented with @entity4550 , clinical, radiological, and histopathological variables were assessed. The effect of pre-enucleation @entity230 was noted in this group of @entity1 . RESULTS: Of 260 @entity995 cases reviewed, 14 had @entity995 -associated @entity2688 (5.39%). Of these 14 @entity1 , 4 received neoadjuvant chemotherapy and were excluded from the series. Of the remaining 10 cases (mean age at presentation, 14.2 months; mean follow-up, 16.4 months), 9 presented with @entity4550 and were included in the study. Radiological imaging depicted intraocular @entity5 occupying 80% to 100% of the globe in each case. All @entity1 underwent enucleation. Five @entity1 received pre-enucleation systemic @entity230 (mean, 5.4 days), which resulted in a prompt decrease in @entity32 . Postenucleation chemotherapy was administered in 4 (6 cycles) and external beam radiation therapy in 1 @entity1 with high-risk histopathological characteristics. CONCLUSIONS: Advanced @entity995 with anterior segment involvement may present as @entity4550 . Pre-enucleation systemic @entity230 can aid in the surgical management of these @entity5 .

title: XXXX presenting with @entity4550 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity2688 :: ('MESH:D002481', 'Disease') :: ['cellulitis']

entities_list: @entity4550 :: ('MESH:D054517', 'Disease') :: ['orbital cellulitis']

entities_list: @entity995 :: ('MESH:D012175', 'Disease') :: ['necrotic retinoblastoma', 'retinoblastoma']

answer: @entity995 :: (MESH:D012175,Disease) :: ['Retinoblastoma']


abstract: The lumbar and cervical spinal dorsal horns of adult @entity35 with a chronic (8 days) @entity1930 on one side (and a sham operation on the other) were examined for signs of @entity528 . The incidence of neurons with signs of @entity528 (pyknosis and hyperchromatosis; 'dark neurons') was significantly increased in the lumbar dorsal horn on both sides. The ipsilateral lumbar increase was significantly greater than the contralateral increase. There was no increase in the incidence of dark neurons in the cervical dorsal horns of the same @entity35 . The distribution of lumbar dark neurons was similar bilaterally. The majority of the dark neurons were found in the sciatic nerve's territory in laminae I-II. A second group of @entity35 received the same surgery but in addition received a series of 7 daily subconvulsive doses of @entity1026 . Dark neurons were again found bilaterally (with ipsilateral predominance) in the sciatic nerve's territory in lumbar laminae I-II, but the incidence was significantly greater than that found in the group that did not receive @entity1026 . The same result was obtained in a third group of @entity1026 -treated @entity35 when the sham operation was omitted. Thus the appearance of contralateral dark neurons is not dependent on unintentional nerve damage created by the sham procedure. An additional group of @entity35 was sacrificed 8 days after receiving a unilateral sciatic nerve transection, a contralateral sham operation, and the 7 daily @entity1026 injections. There was no increase in the incidence of dark neurons in any of these @entity35 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: @entity528 in the superficial dorsal horn after XXXX : effects of a chronic constriction injury, transection, and @entity1026 .

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['transsynaptic degeneration', 'degeneration']

entities_list: @entity1026 :: ('MESH:D013331', 'Chemical') :: ['strychnine']

entities_list: @entity1930 :: ('MESH:D020426', 'Disease') :: ['constriction injury of the sciatic nerve']

answer: @entity1930 :: (MESH:D020426,Disease) :: ['sciatic nerve injury']


abstract: Changes in measures of heart rate variability (HRV) have been associated with an increased risk for @entity1164 . The mechanisms underlying this association are not known. The objective of this study was to assess the relationship between the amount of @entity1063 (NE) released from the cardiac sympathetic terminals and short-term HRV. The study comprised 8 healthy subjects, 12 @entity1 with @entity308 , and 7 @entity1 with @entity4697 . Cardiac NE spillover was determined using direct coronary sinus blood sampling coupled with an NE isotope dilution methodology. Short-term HRV was quantified using detrended fluctuation analysis, symbolic dynamics, sample entropy, and standard time and frequency domain measures. Neither HRV nor @entity299 was significantly different between the analyzed groups. None of the standard HRV metrics was significantly correlated with @entity299 , but there was a moderate correlation between two complexity measures of HRV (symbolic dynamics) and @entity299 (patterns with 2 like variations, r = -0.37 and P = 0.05; and patterns with no variations: r = 0.34 and P = 0.06). In conclusion, there is no correlation between standard HRV measures and @entity299 in @entity1 . Short-term complexity of heart rate is only moderately affected by sympathetic neural outflow. Therefore, the predictive value of most HRV measures for @entity1164 may predominantly result from their capacity to capture vagally mediated heart rate modulations.

title: Short-term heart rate variability and cardiac norepinephrine spillover in XXXX with @entity308 and @entity4697 .

entities_list: @entity1164 :: ('MESH:D016757', 'Disease') :: ['sudden cardiac death']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['major depression']

entities_list: @entity4697 :: ('MESH:D016584', 'Disease') :: ['panic disorder']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac NE spillover']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['norepinephrine']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This is a comparative effectiveness study for @entity299 ( @entity299 ) therapy enabled by quadripolar (QUAD) versus bipolar (BIP) left ventricular (LV) leads.   @entity712 ( @entity712 ) hospitalization (HFH) rates, associated costs, and 30-day readmissions after index HFH were compared. METHODS: @entity1 with de novo LV leads implanted as part of a @entity299 system between January 2011 and August 2013 with >= 1-year follow-up were included. Medical history, dates, and locations of HFH were collected thereafter. @entity1 were divided based on LV lead model: QUAD or BIP. Universal billing records (UB-04) for each HFH and ICD-9-CM (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification) diagnoses/procedure codes were used to classify hospitalizations as @entity712 or non- @entity712 and calculate concurrent U.S. national-average medicare reimbursement. Rates, associated payer costs, and 30-day readmissions were then compared using nonparametric bootstrapping. RESULTS: Baseline characteristics (N = 69 QUAD and N = 56 BIP) were similar. The inpatient HFH for the QUAD group (0.20/ @entity1 -year) was lower than the BIP group (0.31/ @entity1 -year, incidence rate ratio [IRR] = 0.62, P = 0.036). The overall HFH rate for the inpatient or outpatient setting for QUAD (0.29/ @entity1 -year) was lower than the BIP group (0.42/ @entity1 -year, IRR = 0.69, P = 0.055). Average cost of HFH in QUAD ( 4,428/ @entity1 -year) was lower than BIP ( 7,354/ @entity1 -year), a 39.8% cost reduction (P = 0.026). The 30-day readmission rate was also lower in QUAD compared to BIP (19% vs 28%, IRR = 0.68, P = 0.18). CONCLUSION: This U.S. economic comparative study demonstrated that QUAD exhibited lower postimplant inpatient HFH rates and reduced healthcare utilization compared to BIP systems.

title: Less with More: Hospitalization Cost and Event Rates with Quadripolar versus Bipolar XXXX System.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['HF', 'Heart failure']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['CRT-D', 'cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillator']

answer: @entity299 :: (MESH:D006331,Disease) :: ['CRT-D']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity27 ( @entity27 ) is associated with many cardiovascular and @entity146 . Day-time sleepiness is a common consequence of @entity387 and correlates with road-traffic accidents (RTA). Pakistan has a high prevalence of factors which predispose an individual to @entity27 and death from RTAs are a huge burden. However there is a dearth of prevalence studies in this regard. We aim to understand local relevance of the disease and estimate the prevalence of individuals high-risk for @entity27 . METHODS: This cross-sectional survey was conducted among 450 individuals at Aga Khan University Hospital (AKUH), which is a tertiary care teaching hospital in Pakistan. We used the BQ as our measurement tool. Based on the responses, @entity1 were grouped into high or low-risk for @entity27 . RESULTS: Our study sample size was 418 with 63.2% males. Mean age of our study population was 30.4 SD+/-12.3 years; and mean BMI was 23.2 SD+/-5 kg/m2. Out of the total sample size 24.9% reported snoring and there were twice as many males who snored as compared to females. Forty-five individuals reported that they had nodded off to sleep while driving at least once in their lifetime. On the other hand, the highest proportion of high risk individuals 47.6% was found in the age group 60 or above. The overall prevalence of individuals who were high risk for @entity387 was 10%. CONCLUSION: A significant proportion of the population is at high-risk for @entity27 . Our study shows that despite low BMI and favorable craniofacial anatomy @entity387 is still a locally relevant disease. Given the local relevance of OSAS, it is important to increase awareness among general population but more importantly among physicians of the developing countries, like Pakistan, about common clinical features and pertinent risk factors and complications of OSAS.

title: Identifying XXXX at high risk for developing @entity387 ( @entity387 ): a cross-sectional study in a Pakistani population.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity27 :: ('MESH:D020181', 'Disease') :: ['OSA', 'Obstructive Sleep Apnea']

entities_list: @entity387 :: ('MESH:D012891', 'Disease') :: ['sleep apnea']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric diseases']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['people']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The use of @entity4336 coproducts increases the concentration of fiber and, often, the use of supplemental lipids in @entity1707 diets, which may affect energy and nutrient digestibility. An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of reduced-oil @entity12360 ( @entity12360 ) and @entity1460 oil (SBO) on dietary AA, acid hydrolyzed ether extract (AEE), and NDF digestibility in @entity4336 -based diets fed to growing @entity1707 . Eighteen growing @entity1707 (33.8    2.2 kg BW) were surgically fitted with a T-cannula in the distal ileum and allocated to 1 of 6 dietary treatment groups in a 3-period incomplete Latin square design, with 9 observations per treatment. Six dietary treatments were obtained by adding 0, 20, and 40% @entity12360 to @entity4336 -casein diets formulated with 2 and 6% SBO. Ileal digesta and fecal samples were collected and the @entity4628 ( @entity4628 ) and apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of AEE and NDF and the @entity4628 of AA were determined. Apparent values were corrected for endogenous losses of lipids, and true ileal (TID) and true total tract digestibility (TTTD) values of lipids were calculated. Results showed that the @entity4628 of Lys decreased ( < 0.001) with the inclusion of @entity12360 but was not affected ( = 0.63) by the inclusion of SBO. An interaction between @entity12360 and SBO on the @entity4628 ( = 0.002) and ATTD ( = 0.009) of NDF was observed, where the @entity4628 and ATTD of NDF decreased with @entity12360 at 6% SBO but no effect was observed at 2% SBO. The @entity4628 of NDF increased with SBO at 0% @entity12360 , but no effect was observed at 20 or 40% @entity12360 . An interaction between @entity12360 and SBO on the @entity4628 ( = 0.011) and ATTD ( = 0.008) of AEE was observed, where the @entity4628 and ATTD of AEE increased with SBO. The @entity4628 and ATTD of AEE increased with @entity12360 at 2% SBO, but no effect was observed at 6% SBO. Correction by ileal and fecal endogenous loss of AEE (9.5 and 13.6 g/kg of @entity9956 , respectively) showed that increasing dietary AEE had no effect on the TID and TTD of AEE ( > 0.05). In conclusion, the @entity4628 of Lys decreased with @entity12360 and was not affected by lipids from SBO. The greatest @entity4628 and ATTD of NDF was observed in diets with a high AEE and low NDF content. Low values of apparent digestibility of AEE in lower-lipid diets are possibly the result of endogenous losses of lipids, because the true digestibility of AEE was not affected by the dietary increase of AEE.

title: Effects of @entity12360 and XXXX oil on dietary lipid, fiber, and amino acid digestibility in @entity4336 -based diets fed to growing @entity1707 .

entities_list: @entity4628 :: ('MESH:D007077', 'Disease') :: ['AID', 'apparent ileal digestibility']

entities_list: @entity12360 :: ('MESH:C565532', 'Disease') :: ["distillers' dried grains with solubles", 'DDGS']

answer: @entity1460 :: (3847,Species) :: ['soybean']


abstract: Interferon-alpha ( @entity3027 ) is a pleiotropic cytokine that has antiviral, antiproliferative, and immunoregulatory functions. There is increasing evidence that @entity3027 has an important role in T-cell biology. We have analyzed the expression of @entity2902 , @entity517 , and @entity20571 genes in anti-CD3-activated @entity1 T lymphocytes. The induction of these genes is associated with @entity1199 ( @entity1199 )-induced T-cell proliferation. Treatment of T lymphocytes with @entity3027 , @entity1199 , IL-12, and @entity8252 upregulated @entity2902 , @entity517 , and @entity20571 gene expression. @entity3027 also sensitized T cells to @entity1199 -induced proliferation, further suggesting that @entity3027 may be involved in the regulation of T-cell mitogenesis. When we analyzed the nature of STAT proteins capable of binding to @entity2902 , @entity20571 , and @entity9688 GAS elements after cytokine stimulation, we observed @entity3027 -induced binding of @entity6897 , @entity4104 , and @entity7116 , but not @entity11715 to all of these elements. Yet, @entity3027 was able to activate binding of @entity11715 to the high-affinity @entity22473 GAS site. @entity3027 enhanced @entity669 phosphorylation of @entity6897 , @entity4104 , @entity7116 , @entity11715 , and @entity14252 . IL-12 induced @entity7116 and @entity1199 and @entity8252 induced @entity11715 binding to the GAS elements. Taken together, our results suggest that @entity3027 , @entity1199 , IL-12, and @entity8252 have overlapping activities on @entity1 T cells. These findings thus emphasize the importance of @entity3027 as a T-cell regulatory cytokine.

title: Interferon-alpha activates multiple STAT proteins and upregulates proliferation-associated @entity2902 , @entity517 , and @entity20571 genes in XXXX T cells.

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The discussion of risk factors of affecting the long-term patency ratio of stent planted in @entity4288 subclavian artery. METHODS: To analyse the correlation between preprocedural white blood cell count, antiplatelet agents therapy, residual stenosis in the stent, the preprocedural lesion degree of subclavian artery, serum lipid, blood sugar, blood press et al, and long-term patency of stent by Logistic regression. To explore the significant difference in preprocedural white blood cell count (WBC), antiplatelet agents therapy, residual stenosis, the preprocedural lesion degree of subclavian artery, serum lipid, blood sugar, blood press and so on between non-patency group (15 @entity1 ) and patency group (139 @entity1 ). To compare the significant difference of patency ratio of stent at the end of the survey between higher WBC (> 7.08   10   /L) group (45 @entity1 ) and lower WBC ( <= 7.08   10   /L) group (109 @entity1 ) by     -test. RESULTS: Among 154 stents planted in subclavian artery, the patency ratio of 1-year was 96.1% (148/154), and that of 3-year was 88.5% (69/78). The risk factors of the descended patency ratio of stent are respectively the increasing preprocedural white blood cell count, no antiplatelet agents therapy and residual stenosis [OR 3.135 (P < 0.001, 95%CI 1.781 - 5.519); OR 5.818 (P = 0.005, 95%CI 1.688 - 20.057) and OR 5.253 (P = 0.014, 95%CI 1.391 - 19.838)]. There is the significant difference in preprocedural WBC between non-patency group and patency group (t = -5.008, P < 0.001, (8.15    1.59)   10   /L (5.25   10   / @entity26247 .75   10   /L) vs (6.01    1.36)   10   /L (4.07   10   /L - 8.11   10   /L). And there are the significant differences in antiplatelet agents therapy and residual stenosis between them (P = 0.002 and P = 0.025). At the end of the survey, the patency ratio of stent in subclavian artery of higher and lower WBC group is respectively 71.1% (32/45) and 98.2% (107/109) (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: It's sustainable antiplatelet agents therapy and decreased residual stenosis the stent that key elements to improve the long-term patency ratio of stent planted in subclavian artery. In addition, pay attention to that increasing white blood cell disturbs the long-term patency ratio of stent.

title: [The analysis to risk factors of affecting the long-term patency ratio of stent planted in XXXX subclavian artery].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4288 :: ('MESH:D001161', 'Disease') :: ['arteriosclerosis']

answer: @entity4288 :: (MESH:D001161,Disease) :: ['arteriosclerosis']


abstract: Hepcidin is one of the regulators of @entity68 metabolism. The expression of hepcidin is induced in spleens and livers of @entity19 infected with pathogenic bacteria. Recent studies have indicated that serum hepcidin level is also increased in @entity1 subjects infected with @entity3964 . The mechanism of the regulation of hepcidin expression and its role in the @entity281 remains unknown. In this study, we determined the expression of hepcidin in livers of @entity19 infected with @entity2637 . The expression of hepcidin in the liver was upregulated and downregulated during the early and late stages of @entity281 , respectively. @entity32 and erythropoietin, rather than the @entity68 -sensing pathway, are involved in the regulation of hepcidin expression in livers of infected @entity19 . Meanwhile, we investigated the effect of hepcidin on the survival of @entity19 infected with @entity2637 . Treatment of @entity311 -infected mice with anti-hepcidin neutralizing Abs promoted the rates of @entity5895 and mortality. In contrast, lentiviral vector-mediated overexpression of hepcidin improved the outcome of @entity2637 infection in @entity19 . Our data demonstrate an important role of hepcidin in modulating the course and outcome of @entity5 .

title: Hepcidin is regulated during XXXX and plays a protective role in @entity281 .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['Inflammation']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['blood-stage malaria']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['malaria infection', 'infection of malaria']

entities_list: @entity5895 :: ('MESH:D018512', 'Disease') :: ['parasitemia']

entities_list: @entity3964 :: ('5833', 'Species') :: ['Plasmodium falciparum']

entities_list: @entity2637 :: ('5821', 'Species') :: ['Plasmodium berghei', 'P. berghei']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['blood-stage malaria']


abstract: @entity2023 ( @entity2023 ) is a common @entity13754 . @entity2023 is maybe one of the steps of the @entity56 , which starts with @entity483 and @entity5419 and includes @entity12131 . @entity2023 and @entity565 are frequently associated. @entity2023 is frequently under-diagnosed and undertreated although it affects quality of life and school performance. Management of @entity2023 depends on its severity and will associate environmental control (best guided by environmental investigation and skin testing of specific IgE antibodies), pharmacotherapy (with antihistamines and intranasal corticosteroids as first line drugs). At present allergen immunotherapy is considered in @entity1 with severe @entity2023 , insufficiently controlled by pharmacotherapy and who demonstrate specific IgE antibodies to relevant allergens. Sublingual immunotherapy is well tolerated. Only immunotherapy with the right allergens has the potential to alter the natural history of the @entity56 , by preventing the development of new allergen sensitizations and reducing the risk for the subsequent development of @entity565 . This fact might extend the indications of specific allergen immunotherapy. @entity1 (and parents) education is of utmost importance in the management of @entity56 .

title: [Allergic march in XXXX , from rhinitis to @entity565 : management, indication of immunotherapy].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity483 :: ('MESH:D003876', 'Disease') :: ['atopic dermatitis']

entities_list: @entity12131 :: ('MESH:C565292', 'Disease') :: ['atopic asthma']

entities_list: @entity2023 :: ('MESH:D006255', 'Disease') :: ['Allergic rhinitis', 'AR']

entities_list: @entity5419 :: ('MESH:D005512', 'Disease') :: ['food allergy']

entities_list: @entity13754 :: ('MESH:D003859', 'Disease') :: ['IgE dependent disorder']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic disorders', 'allergic march']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: Several reports have showed an increased risk of secondary @entity5 after bone marrow transplantation (BMT), especially after @entity348 ( @entity348 ). We report on a 39-year-old female who underwent BMT with a matched unrelated donor because of @entity3052 in second complete remission. Previously, the @entity1 received chemotherapy for induction, consolidation, maintenance and reinduction after diagnosis of relapse. Conditioning regimen consisted of @entity786 and @entity348 . @entity1500 and CSA was administered for GvHD prophylaxis. Engraftment was confirmed on day 28. Within 6 months following BMT, no complication occurred. Continuous complete remission was demonstrated by repeated bone marrow smears. On day 300 the @entity1 complained of @entity662 and @entity1353 . X-ray and CT-scan showed thickening of the pleura and @entity1143 . A pleuracarcinosis was diagnosed by cytologic examination of a pleural aspirate. By an open thoracotomy a disseminated inoperable disease became apparent. Diagnosis of an @entity420 was confirmed by histologic examination. The @entity1 died 2 months later due to disseminated @entity5 in complete remission of @entity3052 . Solid @entity5 are rare as secondary @entity5 after BMT. Usually the neoplasmas are late events occurring more than 10 years after BMT. In this case predisposing factors such as @entity74 , long-term smoking, intensive pretransplant chemotherapy, @entity348 and immunosuppression may have lead to the early secondary malignancy.

title: Early occurrence of an @entity420 after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in a @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['chest pain']

entities_list: @entity1143 :: ('MESH:D010996', 'Disease') :: ['pleural effusion']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours', 'malignancies', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute myeloid leukemia', 'AML']

entities_list: @entity348 :: ('MESH:C535338', 'Disease') :: ['TBI', 'total body irradiation']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['genetic disposition']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity3052 :: (MESH:D015470,Disease) :: ['AML']