abstract: Metastatic growth and invasion by @entity694 cells in the liver requires the ability of the @entity5 cells to interact with the new tissue environment. @entity1351 (ogen) is activated on cell surfaces by @entity2290 ( @entity2290 ), and is regulated by @entity10431 and @entity2289 ( @entity2289 ). To compare the expression patterns of @entity2290 , @entity10431 and @entity2289 in @entity694 with that in their liver @entity3 , we analysed matched samples from 14 @entity1 . In all 14 primary @entity694 , we found upregulation of @entity10431 , @entity2290 mRNA and @entity2289 in primarily stromal cells at the invasive front. In 5 of the 14 liver @entity3 , we found intense expression of @entity10431 , @entity2290 -mRNA and @entity2289 in primarily stromal cells at the @entity3 periphery, and in an expression pattern similar to that found in the primary @entity5 . In the remaining 9 liver @entity3 , @entity10431 and @entity2290 -mRNA were only seen associated with the presence of @entity39 within the liver @entity3 . In addition, @entity2289 -immunoreactivity was in all liver @entity3 seen in hepatocytes at the @entity3 periphery. Interestingly, the former 5 liver @entity3 positive for @entity10431 , @entity2290 mRNA and @entity2289 at the @entity3 periphery all had a predominantly @entity2269 , whereas 8 of the remaining 9 showed direct contact between the @entity96 . We conclude that there are 2 distinct patterns of expression of @entity10431 , @entity2290 and @entity2289 in @entity96 and that these correlate closely with 2 morphological growth patterns. These findings may have implication for the treatment of @entity1 with @entity3 .

title: Two distinct expression patterns of urokinase, urokinase receptor and @entity2289 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2289 :: ('5054', 'Gene') :: ['plasminogen activator inhibitor-1', 'PAI-1']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'tumours']

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['cancer cells and the liver parenchyma', 'colon cancer liver metastases']

entities_list: @entity2269 :: ('MESH:D058405', 'Disease') :: ['desmoplastic reaction']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'metastatic disease', 'metastases']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon cancer', 'colon cancers']

entities_list: @entity2290 :: ('5328', 'Gene') :: ['urokinase-type PA', 'uPA']

answer: @entity96 :: (MESH:D008113,Disease) :: ['colon cancer liver metastases']


abstract: Minimally invasive unilateral pedicle screw fixation for the treatment of @entity179 has won the support of many surgeons. However, few data are available regarding clinical research on unilateral pedicle screw fixation associated with minimally invasive techniques for the treatment of lumbar spinal diseases. The purpose of this study was to evaluate clinical outcomes in a selected series of @entity1 with @entity179 treated with minimally invasive unilateral vs classic bilateral pedicle screw fixation and lumbar interbody fusion. @entity1 in the unilateral group (n=43) underwent minimally invasive unilateral pedicle screw fixation with the Quadrant system (Medtronic, Memphis, Tennessee). The bilateral group (n=42) underwent bilateral instrumentation via the classic approach. Visual analog scale @entity158 scores, @entity717 Index scores, fusion rate, operative time, @entity190 , and complications were analyzed. Mean operative time was 75 minutes in the unilateral group and 95 minutes in the bilateral group. Mean @entity190 was 220 mL in the unilateral group and 450 mL in the bilateral group. Mean postoperative visual analog scale @entity158 score was 3.10  0.16 in the unilateral group and 3.30  1.10 in the bilateral group. Mean postoperative @entity717 Index score was 15.67  2.3 in the unilateral group and 14.93  2.6 in the bilateral group. Successful fusion was achieved in 92.34% of @entity1 in the unilateral group and 93.56% of @entity1 in the bilateral group. Minimally invasive unilateral pedicle screw fixation is an effective and reliable option for the surgical treatment of @entity179 . It causes less @entity190 , requires less operative time, and has a fusion rate comparable with that of conventional bilateral fixation.

title: Minimally invasive unilateral pedicle screw fixation and lumbar interbody fusion for the treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['lumbar degenerative diseases', 'degenerative lumbar diseases', 'lumbar degenerative disease']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['Oswestry Disability']

answer: @entity179 :: (MESH:D019636,Disease) :: ['lumbar degenerative disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity420 of the esophago-gastric junction (EGJ) potentially spreads to abdominal and mediastinal lymph nodes. METHODS: Eighty-five @entity1 with type I and II @entity356 underwent curative esophagectomy or esophago-gastrectomy and radical abdominal and mediastinal lymphadenectomy. Microinvolvement was detected with the mAb Ber- @entity2912 in all histopathologically free lymph nodes. RESULTS: In type I @entity5 (n = 40), lower mediastinal lymph nodes were positive in 24% and among @entity5 (n = 45) in 10% of @entity1 . Ber- @entity2912 + cells in apparently free lymph nodes were found in 49% of @entity1 . On inclusion of Ber- @entity2912 + nodes, positive mediastinal lymph node staging was rising to 40 and 33% in type I and II @entity1 , respectively. After a median observation time of 27.1 months, 37 of 85 @entity1 (43.5%) had died of @entity5 disease. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed a significant impact of nodal microinvolvement on disease-specific survival for type I and @entity5 (P = 0.016 and P < 0.001, respectively). Cox regression analysis revealed a 2.77 higher independent risk (P = 0.002) for nodal microinvolvement. CONCLUSIONS: Lymphatic microinvolvement shows a high incidence in curatively resected @entity356 . Spread to mediastinal lymph nodes seems to necessitate lymphadenectomy of the thoracic cavity in either type.

title: Lymphatic spread and microinvolvement in XXXX of the esophago-gastric junction.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'type II tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['Adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['EGJ cancer']

answer: @entity420 :: (MESH:D000230,Disease) :: ['adenocarcinoma']


abstract: Intracranial large @entity2791 and @entity432 has been considered to be the cause of 8   10 % of @entity64 in North America, and 30   50 % of @entity64 and more than 50 % of transient ischaemic attacks in Chinese population. So far we do not know the real prevalence of @entity1504 ( @entity1504 ) and the distribution of its risk factors in European population. We aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors of @entity1504 in a @entity64 population with computed tomography angiography (CTA). A retrospective study of consecutive ischaemic @entity1 at the @entity64 Unit of Utrecht, The Netherlands, from September 2006 to August 2008 was conducted. We assessed the presence of @entity432 and/or @entity850 of @entity3538 (ICA) and Middle Cerebral Artery on post-contrast 30-mm reconstruction axial CTA images. We analyzed the proportion of @entity1 with @entity1504 , and the association of @entity1504 with risk factors and @entity64 subtype. In 220 @entity1 (187 with @entity64 , 33 with @entity4905 ; mean age was 65 years, 57.3 % were male), @entity932 was found in 6.4 % (95 % CI 3.9   10.4), @entity432 in 34.5 % (95 % CI 28.6   41.0), and both @entity432 and @entity850 in 2.3 % (95 % CI 1.0   5.2). Multivariate analysis showed that the variables independently associated with @entity1504 were: extracranial ICA @entity731 (OR, 24.64; 95 % CI 6.30   96.38) and @entity64 subtypes TACS   PACS (OR, 7.61; 95 % CI 3.31   17.49). In conclusion, prevalence of @entity932 in our study may well be consistent with previous observations in European and non-European population. @entity1504 may have been an underestimated condition in ischaemic Caucasian population.

title: Prevalence of intracranial large artery stenosis and XXXX in @entity1 with acute @entity64 or @entity4905 .

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['strokes', 'stroke', 'ischaemic strokes', 'Stroke', 'European stroke']

entities_list: @entity932 :: ('MESH:D020300', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial stenosis']

entities_list: @entity3538 :: ('MESH:D002341', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial Internal Carotid Artery']

entities_list: @entity2791 :: ('MESH:D012078', 'Disease') :: ['artery stenosis']

entities_list: @entity1504 :: ('MESH:D002561', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial disease', 'ID']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['occlusion disease', 'intracranial occlusion', 'occlusion']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

answer: @entity432 :: (MESH:D001157,Disease) :: ['occlusion']


abstract: Genetic instability is closely correlated to the pathogenesis of @entity4309 ( @entity4309 ), which is clinically characterized by a family history and early onset. To investigate the role of genetic instability in young @entity1 with @entity14 ( @entity14 ), 22 @entity14 @entity1 , who were aged younger than 30 at the time of diagnosis, were studied. @entity1 with @entity1412 were excluded. Among the 22 cases, seven were identified as microsatellite instability positive (MI+), and more than five microsatellite markers among the 15 tested markers showed an additional band pattern in the @entity5 tissue. None of the remaining 15 cases showed instability in any microsatellite marker. Two of seven MI+ cases were classic @entity4309 . While all MI+ cases had one or no metastatic lymph node, 53.3% of MI- cases showed @entity3 in two or more regional lymph nodes. Allelic deletion of the 17p12-13 chromosome around the @entity876 locus occurred in 16.7% of MI+ cases, and 80.0% of MI- cases showed loss of heterozygosity at that locus. @entity4311 Protein expression, assessed by immunohistochemistry, was absent in two cases, both of which were MI+. When we tested two to four sites of MI+ @entity5 , transforming growth factor beta receptor type II was mutated in a homogeneous pattern in five MI+ cases. In addition, frame-shift mutations of @entity589 , @entity13208 , @entity23151 and @entity4638 were found in three cases, five cases, five cases and one case, respectively. In contrast to the consistent mutation of the transforming growth factor-beta receptor type II gene, mutations of other genes varied in different portions of the @entity5 .

title: Microsatellite instability in young XXXX with @entity14 .

entities_list: @entity13208 :: ('3482', 'Gene') :: ['insulin-like growth factor II receptor']

entities_list: @entity4309 :: ('MESH:D003123', 'Disease') :: ['hereditary non-polyposis colon cancer', 'HNPCC']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['CRC', 'colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity1412 :: ('MESH:D011125', 'Disease') :: ['familial adenomatous polyposis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: We report a @entity1 (KAS) who presented with pure dynamic @entity2026 in the context of @entity7463 ( @entity7463 ). KAS had the hallmark propositional language impairment in the context of preserved naming, reading, repetition and comprehension skills. The severity of KAS's propositional language deficit was demonstrated to be comparable to other dynamic aphasic @entity1 . Remarkably, despite virtually abolished propositional speech, KAS was unimpaired on word and sentence level generation tasks that required a single response. This dissociation was further investigated on two discourse level generation tasks that required the generation of multiple connected sentences. Quantitative production analysis and novelty measures demonstrated that her performance was extremely reduced and characterised by a lack of novel words and sentences and a tendency to perseverate. This pattern of performance suggests that there may be two subtypes of dynamic @entity2026 . @entity1 with the more documented first subtype have language-specific deficits, fail word and sentence level generation tests and have @entity75 . @entity1 with the second subtype, like KAS, pass word and sentence level generation tests and fail discourse level generation tests. They have a verbal and non-verbal generation deficit and @entity75 . Our findings are discussed with reference to executive functioning accounts of dynamic @entity2026 and models of speech production. We interpret our @entity1 ' impairment as being underpinned by a deficit in one set of mechanisms involved in discourse generation; namely the generation of a fluent sequence of novel thought.

title: Dynamic @entity2026 in XXXX : a deficit in generating a fluent sequence of novel thought.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['bilateral frontal and subcortical damage', 'left inferior frontal gyrus lesions']

entities_list: @entity7463 :: ('MESH:D013494', 'Disease') :: ['progressive supranuclear palsy', 'PSP']

answer: @entity7463 :: (MESH:D013494,Disease) :: ['progressive supranuclear palsy']


abstract: Genetic trends in maternal abilities were studied in French Large White sows. Two lines representing old-type and modern-type @entity1707 were obtained by inseminating modern sows with semen from boars born in 1977 or 1998. Successive generations were produced by inter-se mating. The maternal performance of sows from the second generation was compared in farrowing crates. Video analysis was performed for the 1st h after the onset of 43 and 36 farrowing events, and for the 6 first hours for 23 and 21 events, in old-type and modern-type sows, respectively. Genetic trends were estimated as twice the difference in estimates between the 2 lines. The contribution of behavior to the probability of @entity2209 and @entity204 in the first 2 days was estimated as the percentage of deviance reduction (DR) due to the addition of behavior traits as factors in the mortality model. Sow activity decreased strongly from the 1st to the 2nd h in both lines (P < 0.001). In the first 6 h, old-type sows sat (1st parity), stood (2nd parity) and rooted (both parities) for longer than modern-type sows, which were less active, especially in 2nd parity. In modern-type sows, @entity2209 was associated positively with lying laterally in the first 6 h (4.6% DR) and negatively in the 1st h (9.1% DR). First-parity old-type sows were more attentive to piglets (P = 0.003) than modern-type sows which responded more to nose contacts at 2nd parity (P = 0.01). Maternal reactivity of modern-type sows was associated with a higher risk of @entity204 (4.6% DR). Respiratory distress at birth tended to be higher in modern-type piglets than in old-type piglets (P < 0.10) and was associated with a higher risk of @entity204 in both lines (2.7-3.1% DR). Mobility at birth was lower in modern-type than old-type piglets (P < 0.0001). Genetic trends show that sow and piglet behaviors at farrowing have changed. Our results indicate reduced welfare in parturient modern-type sows and their newborn piglets.

title: Genetic trends in maternal and neonatal behaviors and their association with perinatal survival in French Large White XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2209 :: ('MESH:D050497', 'Disease') :: ['stillbirth']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['piglet death']

answer: @entity1707 :: (9823,Species) :: ['swine']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study investigated the effects of infliximab, a monoclonal antibody against @entity310 , on @entity296 and aortic elasticity in @entity1 with @entity309 ( @entity309 ), and the association of aortic elasticity with @entity296 . STUDY DESIGN: 38 female @entity309 ( @entity309 ) @entity1 and 30 healthy controls were included in the study. Twenty @entity1 received infliximab and 18 @entity1 received @entity617 . Left ventricular (LV) longitudinal, circumferential and radial strain, systolic strain rate and early diastolic strain rate using speckle-tracking echocardiography, and aortic elasticity using M-mode echocardiography were assessed at baseline and post-treatment. RESULTS: LV systolic longitudinal basal-, mid-, and @entity6475 , systolic mid- and @entity6475 rate, basal-, mid- and apical early strain rate, circumferential systolic @entity6475 and systolic strain rate were reduced in @entity309 @entity1 compared to controls. Compared to baseline, infliximab treatment increased aortic strain, aortic distensibility and decreased aortic    index. No significant aortic elastic changes were observed with @entity617 treatment. Longitudinal basal- and @entity6475 , basal-, mid- and apical systolic and diastolic strain rates, circumferential basal systolic strain, radial mid- and @entity6475 and @entity6475 rate were increased following infliximab treatment. Infliximab treatment improves aortic elasticity in parallel to @entity296 , but no significant association was observed following @entity617 treatment. CONCLUSION: @entity296 is impaired in @entity309 @entity1 and is related to @entity2333 . Chronic inhibition of @entity310 improves LV deformation in association with aortic elasticity.

title: Chronic inhibition of tumor necrosis factor-a with infliximab improves @entity296 in parallel with aortic elasticity in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['Myocardial deformation', 'myocardial deformation']

entities_list: @entity6475 :: ('MESH:D013180', 'Disease') :: ['apical strain']

entities_list: @entity2333 :: ('MESH:D001018', 'Disease') :: ['aortic stiffness']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA']

entities_list: @entity617 :: ('MESH:D011239', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisolone']

answer: @entity309 :: (MESH:D001172,Disease) :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']


abstract: @entity526 RNA polymerase transcription elongation complexes have been prepared that contain a photo-cross-linking @entity6683 analog at only the 3' end, or one or two @entity2036 removed from the 3' end, in the nascent RNA chain. Additionally, complexes have been isolated in which the analog has been substituted for every UMP residue, at positions ranging from 20 to 140 @entity2036 from the 3' end. The RNA has been photochemically cross-linked to the RNA polymerase to identify the subunits that form the binding site(s) for these regions in the nascent RNA. The photo-cross-linking @entity377 analog used for these studies was 5-[4-azidophenacyl)thio)uridine-5'-triphosphate ( @entity57235 ), which acts as a 10-15 A probe. With 5-APAS-UMP positioned only at the 3' end of the RNA, or one or two @entity2036 from the 3' end, only the beta subunit appeared to be contacted. When the analog was positioned throughout the RNA, both the beta and beta' subunits were contacted. No labeling of the sigma or alpha subunits was observed with any RNA length. In addition to placing this analog at specific positions in short RNAs, we have carried out transcription studies with @entity57235 to determine the optimal @entity856 to analog ratio for production of full length, photoreactive transcripts. Surprisingly, we found that when transcription complexes were stalled shortly after initiation, by deletion of one @entity8660 to synchronize transcription, changes in transcriptional pausing occurred downstream. These results suggest that events that occur early in transcription can affect the elongation and/or termination events that occur far downstream from the promoter. This effect occurred even with @entity856 but was greatly enhanced by replacement of @entity856 with either this analog or @entity57236 . By enhancing the normal transcriptional pausing event, these analogs can serve as probes of the conformational changes that may exist in paused transcription complexes.

title: Active site labeling of XXXX transcription elongation complexes with 5-[4-azidophenacyl)thio)uridine 5'-triphosphate.

entities_list: @entity2036 :: ('MESH:D009711', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotides']

entities_list: @entity377 :: ('CHEBI:36976', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotide']

entities_list: @entity8660 :: ('CHEBI:17972', 'Chemical') :: ['ribonucleoside triphosphate']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

answer: @entity526 :: (562,Species) :: ['Escherichia coli']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We conducted a network meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety of @entity1697 ( @entity1697 ) for gestational @entity6 . DATA SOURCES: We searched PubMed, the Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov, and related reviews from inception to October 2014. STUDY SELECTION: We included randomized clinical trials comparing efficacy and safety between different @entity1697 vs insulin in @entity1 with gestational @entity6 . DATA SYNTHESIS: We included 18 randomized clinical trials. Traditional and network meta-analyses were performed to compare different @entity1697 vs insulin. Traditional meta-analyses confirmed that there was no significant difference in maternal fasting blood @entity413 or glycated hemoglobin levels in @entity1 treated with insulin, @entity2449 , and @entity5217 . Compared to insulin, @entity2449 was associated with lower maternal @entity1017 ( @entity353 [ @entity353 ], -1.49 kg; 95% confidence interval [CI], -2.26 to -0.31), shorter gestational age ( @entity353 , -0.16 wk; 95% CI, -0.30 to -0.03), and increased incidence of @entity600 (odds ratio [OR], 1.63; 95% CI, 1.07 to 2.48). Compared to insulin, @entity5217 was associated with higher neonatal birth weight ( @entity353 , 130.68 g; 95% CI, 55.98 to 205.38), increased incidence of @entity4053 (OR, 2.64; 95% CI, 1.59 to 4.38), and increased incidence of @entity8455 (OR, 3.09; 95% CI, 1.59 to 6.04). Network meta-analysis revealed that @entity5217 was associated with higher maternal @entity1017 , higher neonatal birth weight, increased incidence of @entity4053 , and increased incidence of @entity8455 than was @entity2449 . CONCLUSION: Both @entity2449 and @entity5217 are suitable for use in the management of gestational @entity6 because of good glycemic control. However, @entity5217 treatment is associated with increased risk of @entity4053 , high maternal @entity1017 , high neonatal birth weight, and @entity8455 .

title: Comparative Efficacy and Safety of XXXX in Management of GDM: Network Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

entities_list: @entity1697 :: ('MESH:D009062', 'Disease') :: ['oral antidiabetic drugs', 'OADs or OADs', 'OADs']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['WMD', 'weighted mean difference']

entities_list: @entity5217 :: ('MESH:D005905', 'Chemical') :: ['glyburide']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['premature birth']

entities_list: @entity4053 :: ('MESH:D007003', 'Disease') :: ['neonatal hypoglycemia']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['weight gain']

entities_list: @entity8455 :: ('MESH:D005320', 'Disease') :: ['macrosomia']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity2449 :: ('MESH:D008687', 'Chemical') :: ['metformin']

answer: @entity1697 :: (MESH:D009062,Disease) :: ['OADs']


abstract: Previous studies on the prevalence of @entity25 have shown that @entity22 occurs in 3.2-42% of different populations. The wide reported variation in prevalence prompted a @entity22 to be introduced in this study. Randomly selected members of the population aged 30 to 65 years from two geographically different rural parts of central Sweden answered a sleep questionnaire. The response rates were 69.2% and 70.2%, respectively. Females significantly more often reported difficulty in falling asleep (7.1% of the @entity1 and 5.1% of the @entity1 ). Among @entity1 8.9 and among @entity1 7.7% of individuals reported trouble with nocturnal awakenings. Using a stringently defined concept of @entity22 as a @entity25 ( @entity25 ), the prevalence rate of @entity22 among @entity1 was 1.1% and among @entity1 0.5%. Defining @entity22 as a disorder of maintaining sleep (DMS), the prevalence among both @entity1 and @entity1 was 1.1%. Defining @entity22 as a disorder of initiating and maintaining sleep (DIMS), the prevalence rate was 1.7% among @entity1 and 1.4% among @entity1 . This prevalence, which is lower than previously reported, demonstrate the importance of an operational definition of @entity22 .

title: The prevalence of XXXX : the importance of operationally defined criteria.

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['DIS', 'disorder of initiating sleep', 'sleep disturbances']

entities_list: @entity22 :: ('MESH:D007319', 'Disease') :: ['insomnia', 'rigorous definition of insomnia']

answer: @entity22 :: (MESH:D007319,Disease) :: ['insomnia']


abstract: Plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of ACTH, B-lipotropin (B-LPH) and B-endorphin (B-EP) were simultaneously measured in 10 @entity1 with major @entity308 (35-57 yr) with a disease history of 10-34 yr, 7 of them with recurrent episodes, and in 13 age-matched healthy controls. In @entity1 , lumbar puncture was performed after a 10 days drug-free period. Plasma B-EP and B-LPH levels were measured by RIA after @entity4081 plasma extraction and Sephadex G-75 column chromatography. Plasma ACTH concentrations were measured by IRMA. For CSF assays the extraction step was avoided. In @entity308 @entity1 , plasma ACTH (16.2 +/- 6.9 fmol/ml, mean +/- SD), B-LPH (19.8 +/- 8.5) and B-EP (17.8 +/- 7.0) levels were significantly higher (p less than 0.01) than in controls. On the contrary, CSF levels of the three peptides were similar in the two groups. No correlations were found between plasma or CSF concentrations and duration of the disease or severity of the actual episode. These data add further evidence to the independent regulation between central and peripheral @entity4545 -related peptides. They also reduce the possibility that peptides of pituitary origin, directly from the gland or through the peripheral circulation, could penetrate the CSF.

title: Dissociation between CSF and plasma B-endorphin in major XXXX : evidence for a different regulation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4081 :: ('MESH:D012824', 'Chemical') :: ['silicic acid']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressed', 'depression']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['depressive disorders']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Immune checkpoint inhibitors have shown significant therapeutic responses against @entity5 containing increased mutation-associated neoantigen load. We have examined the evolving landscape of @entity5 neoantigens during the emergence of acquired resistance in @entity1 with @entity1149 after initial response to immune checkpoint blockade with anti-PD-1 or anti-PD-1/anti- @entity4386 antibodies. Analyses of matched pretreatment and resistant @entity5 identified genomic changes resulting in loss of 7 to 18 putative mutation-associated neoantigens in resistant clones. Peptides generated from the eliminated neoantigens elicited clonal T-cell expansion in autologous T-cell cultures, suggesting that they generated functional immune responses. Neoantigen loss occurred through elimination of @entity5 subclones or through deletion of chromosomal regions containing truncal alterations, and was associated with changes in T-cell receptor clonality. These analyses provide insight into the dynamics of mutational landscapes during immune checkpoint blockade and have implications for the development of immune therapies that target @entity5 neoantigens.SIGNIFICANCE: Acquired resistance to immune checkpoint therapy is being recognized more commonly. This work demonstrates for the first time that acquired resistance to immune checkpoint blockade can arise in association with the evolving landscape of mutations, some of which encode @entity5 neoantigens recognizable by T cells. These observations imply that widening the breadth of neoantigen reactivity may mitigate the development of acquired resistance. @entity5 Discov; 7(3); 1-13.   2017 AACR.See related commentary by Yang, p. 250.

title: Evolution of Neoantigen Landscape during Immune Checkpoint Blockade in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer']


abstract: Recurrent and @entity5 are associated with high mortality and a lack of effective treatment options, especially for @entity1 who are poor candidates for surgery or radiation therapy. The broad clinical effectiveness and manageable @entity137 of @entity1945 in other @entity1 @entity5 as well as promising recent study results suggest that it is highly effective in treating cervical @entity5 . We therefore conducted a systematic review on the studies using @entity1945 in @entity5 . Seven phase I-III clinical trials using @entity1945 , both as a single agent and in combination with @entity900 or @entity1311 , in @entity1 with recurrent or advanced @entity189 of the cervix were reviewed. Data from two studies in which @entity1945 was used in combination with radiotherapy for induction therapy were also evaluated. Although single-agent @entity900 -based chemoradiotherapy is the standard of care for high-risk or locally advanced @entity5 , @entity1945 , when used concurrently with @entity900 and/or radiation therapy, produces high objective response rates and prolonged survival. Gynecologic Oncology Group (GOG) Protocol 179 for the first time showed significantly improved overall survival and progression-free survival in a combination therapy for advanced @entity5 compared to @entity900 alone. Recent data suggest that @entity1945 , when used concurrently with @entity900 , may be the new standard of care for the management of recurrent or advanced @entity5 . Ongoing phase III studies (GOG-204, AGO-Zervix-1) will compare this combination with other @entity900 -containing and @entity900 -free combinations. Moreover, further evaluation of @entity1945 appears to be warranted in conjunction with radiotherapy and in the neoadjuvant setting as well as in combination with novel biologic agents.

title: @entity1945 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors', 'advanced cervical cancers', 'cervical cancer', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1945 :: ('MESH:D019772', 'Chemical') :: ['topotecan']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cervical cancer']


abstract: Outcome of adults with @entity981 ( @entity981 ) who fail to achieve complete remission (CR) or who relapse soon after initial response is poor. The goal of this phase II study by the Polish @entity1778 Group (PALG) was to evaluate safety and efficacy of a new salvage regimen (FLAM) consisting of sequential @entity3118 , @entity2592 , and @entity2664 . Fifty @entity1 were included with primary (n = 13) or secondary (n = 5) refractoriness, early (<12 months) first relapse (n = 15), first relapse after hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) regardless CR duration (n = 13), and second or subsequent relapse (n = 4). Median age was 31(18-60) years, 28% of @entity1 were bcr/abl-positive. CR rate equaled 50% and was significantly higher for @entity1 in whom FLAM was administered as a second-line therapy compared to those more heavily pre-treated (66 vs 13%, p = 0.02). Seventeen @entity1 had @entity1778 regrowth after initial cytoreduction, whereas, eight @entity1 died in @entity3894 . The incidence of @entity204 was higher in @entity1 aged > or =40 years compared to the younger subgroup (33 vs 8%, p=0.03). @entity281 were the most frequent severe complication. At 3 years, the probability of disease-free survival for @entity1 who achieved CR equaled 16%. Seven @entity1 underwent allogeneic HCT. FLAM regimen is feasible for relapsed and refractory adults with @entity981 and could be recommended in particular for younger @entity1 as a second-line treatment. However, as the remission duration is short, allogeneic HCT (alloHCT) should be considered as soon as possible.

title: @entity3118 , @entity2592 , and XXXX (FLAM) for the treatment of relapsed and refractory adult @entity981 . A phase study by the Polish @entity1778 Group (PALG).

entities_list: @entity981 :: ('MESH:D054198', 'Disease') :: ['ALL', 'acute lymphoblastic leukemia']

entities_list: @entity2664 :: ('MESH:D008942', 'Chemical') :: ['mitoxantrone']

entities_list: @entity2592 :: ('MESH:D003561', 'Chemical') :: ['cytarabine']

entities_list: @entity3118 :: ('MESH:C024352', 'Chemical') :: ['fludarabine']

entities_list: @entity1778 :: ('MESH:D007938', 'Disease') :: ['leukemia', 'Adult Leukemia']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['Septic infections']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['early death']

answer: @entity2664 :: (MESH:D008942,Chemical) :: ['mitoxantrone']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the polysomnographic outcomes of @entity1 with @entity27 undergoing transpalatal advancement pharyngoplasty for @entity891 and to compare responders with nonresponders to surgery. DESIGN: Retrospective medical record review. SETTING: Tertiary referral teaching hospital and private practice. @entity1 : Sixty @entity1 undergoing transpalatal advancement pharyngoplasty alone at a single sitting with preoperative and postoperative sleep studies were reviewed. INTERVENTION: Transpalatal advancement pharyngoplasty. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Preoperative and postoperative polysomnographic data were analyzed and comparisons were assessed between responders and nonresponders. RESULTS: Following surgery, the mean (SD) respiratory disturbance index (RDI) decreased from 37.2 (20.4) to 15.4 (12.3), with an overall change of 21.8 (21.8) (95% confidence interval [CI], 16.2-27.4). Similarly, the mean (SD) arterial @entity26 saturation nadir after transpalatal advancement pharyngoplasty surgery improved from 83.9% (5.4%) to 87.4% (4.3%), with an overall change of 3.5% (5.9%) (95% CI, 2.0%-5.0%). Between the traditional Gothic arch incision (n = 31) and the propeller incision (n = 29) an observed 31% (95% CI, 7%-51%) difference in success rate in favor of the latter was noted. CONCLUSIONS: Transpalatal advancement pharyngoplasty appears to be an effective and safe treatment option in selected @entity1 . No preoperative variable was associated with surgical success in this study. The association of the propeller incision and surgical success requires further analysis.

title: Transpalatal advancement pharyngoplasty for XXXX syndrome: results and analysis of failures.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity891 :: ('MESH:D001261', 'Disease') :: ['retropalatal collapse']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity27 :: ('MESH:D020181', 'Disease') :: ['obstructive sleep apnea']

answer: @entity27 :: (MESH:D020181,Disease) :: ['obstructive sleep apnea']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Over 50% of the @entity1 body is comprised of fluids that are distributed in defined compartments. Although compartmentalized, these fluids are dynamically connected. Fluids, electrolytes, and acid-base balance in each compartment are tightly regulated, mostly in an energy-dependent manner to achieve their designed functions. For over a century, our understanding of the microvascular fluid homeostasis has evolved from hypothesized Ernest @entity10805 principle to evidence-based and the revised @entity10805 principle, incorporating the functional endothelial surface layer. The kidney is a highly vascular and encapsulated organ that is exquisitely sensitive to inadequate (insufficient or excess) blood flow. The kidney is particularly sensitive to @entity450 , and studies show that reduced venous return triggers a greater degree of @entity8 than that from lacking arterial flow. Thus, fluid overload can induce severe and sustained @entity8 . In the setting of established @entity810 , fluid management can be challenging. Impaired capacity of urine output and urine concentration and dilution should be taken into consideration when designing fluid therapy. Video Journal Club 'Cappuccino with Claudio Ronco' at http://www.karger.com/?doi=452702.

title: Intravenous Fluids and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['kidney injury', 'kidney damage']

entities_list: @entity450 :: ('MESH:D006940', 'Disease') :: ['venous congestion']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['acute kidney injury']

answer: @entity810 :: (MESH:D058186,Disease) :: ['Acute Kidney Injury']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To find out the perceptions of @entity4310 ( @entity4310 ) and psychiatrists (PS) on their inter-relationships in the health care of @entity1 with @entity308 . DESIGN: Qualitative methodology. Exploratory design based on @entity4310 and PS discussion groups (DG). SETTING: Primary health care centres (PHCC) and mental health centres (MHC) of the Basque Country Health Service in Vizcaya. @entity1 AND CONTEXT: A total of 29 @entity4310 from 20 PHCC, and 13 PS from 11 MHC, distributed according to the socioeconomic level of the reference population. The meetings were arranged and held in the PC research unit. METHODS: An intentional sample to configure 4 DG of @entity4310 and 2 of PS, homogenous as regards socioeconomic level, and heterogeneous as regards the centres they came from, work experience and gender. The meetings were recorded and transcribed and a sociological discourse analysis was made. Triangulation between researchers and results comparison with the @entity1 was carried out. RESULTS: The perceptions and attitudes of the @entity4310 and PS differed, in their connections with the @entity1 , expectations and health care context. In both cases they perceived the unsuitability of the real @entity1 as regards the prefixed perceptions of the professional. The increase of the problem and its management seemed to be conditioned by a social medium which was uncontrolled, and due to increasing deficiencies in the collaboration between health care levels. CONCLUSIONS: Care of the @entity1 with @entity308 requires diagnostic and treatment approaches centred on the @entity1 and shared by @entity4310 and PS.

title: [Family doctors and psychiatrists and the @entity1 with XXXX : the need to re-adjust health care approaches and organisational dynamics].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'patient', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity4310 :: ('MESH:D009386', 'Disease') :: ['family doctors', 'FD']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['depression']


abstract: Gastric bypass leads to the remission of @entity164 2 @entity6 independently of @entity353 . Our hypothesis is that changes in bile flow due to the altered anatomy may partly explain the metabolic outcomes of the operation. We prospectively studied 12 @entity1 undergoing gastric bypass and six @entity1 undergoing gastric banding over a 6-wk period. Plasma fibroblast growth factor ( @entity30361 , stimulated by @entity6741 absorption in the terminal ileum, and plasma @entity3645 were measured. In @entity235 and rodent models, we investigated changes in the gut hormone response after altered bile flow. @entity30361 and total plasma @entity3645 levels increased after gastric bypass compared with no change after gastric banding. In the @entity235 model, both food and bile, on their own, stimulated satiety gut hormone responses. However, when combined, the response was doubled. In @entity35 , drainage of endogenous bile into the terminal ileum was associated with an enhanced satiety gut hormone response, reduced food intake, and lower body weight. In conclusion, after gastric bypass, bile flow is altered, leading to increased plasma @entity3645 , @entity30361 , incretin. and satiety gut hormone concentrations. Elucidating the mechanism of action of gastric bypass surgery may lead to novel treatments for @entity164 2 @entity6 .

title: The role of bile after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass in promoting XXXX and improving glycaemic control.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity6741 :: ('CHEBI:3098', 'Chemical') :: ['bile acid']

entities_list: @entity3645 :: ('MESH:D001647', 'Chemical') :: ['bile acids']

answer: @entity353 :: (MESH:D015431,Disease) :: ['weight loss']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Emerging evidence suggests that sex @entity134 hormones may influence @entity1224 , and that metabolic status may modify potential effects. OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the association between use of oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) and @entity565 in a Nordic-Baltic population-based study, while taking into account possible interplay with body mass index (BMI). METHODS: Postal questionnaires were sent to subjects in Denmark, Estonia, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden from 1999 to 2001 (response rate in @entity1 , 77%). Pregnant @entity1 , @entity1 using hormone replacement therapy, and @entity1 >45 years were excluded. Analyses included 5791 @entity1 25 to 44 years old, of whom 961 (17%) used OCP. Logistic regression analyses included adjustment for smoking, irregular menstruation, BMI, age, type of dwelling, and center. RESULTS: Oral contraceptive pills were associated with increased risk for @entity565 (odds ratio, 1.42; 95% CI, 1.09-1.86), @entity565 with hay @entity221 (1.48; 1.08-2.03), wheeze with @entity1353 (1.27; 1.02-1.60), hay @entity221 (1.25; 1.06-1.48), and >/=3 @entity565 symptoms (1.29; 1.05-1.58). The findings were consistent between centers. The associations were present only among normal weight @entity1 (BMI 20-25 kg/m(2), @entity565 : 1.45; 1.02-2.05) and overweight @entity1 (BMI >25kg/m(2): 1.91; 1.20-3.02), but not among lean @entity1 (BMI <20 kg/m(2): 0.41; 0.12-1.40). Interaction between BMI and OCP in association with @entity565 was significant (P(interaction) < .05). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 using oral contraceptive pills had more @entity565 . This was found only in normal weight and overweight @entity1 , indicating interplay between sex hormones and metabolic status in effect on the airways. The findings originate from a cross-sectional postal survey and should be interpreted with caution; it is recommended that @entity565 symptoms are included in clinical trials of oral contraception.

title: Oral contraception, body mass index, and XXXX : a cross-sectional Nordic-Baltic population survey.

entities_list: @entity1353 :: ('MESH:D004417', 'Disease') :: ['shortness of breath']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity1224 :: ('MESH:D000402', 'Disease') :: ['airways obstruction']

answer: @entity565 :: (MESH:D001249,Disease) :: ['asthma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2332 ( @entity2332 ) is the only intervention that improves outcomes in neonatal @entity2806 ( @entity2806 ). However, the multifactorial mechanisms by which @entity2332 impacts @entity2806 are incompletely understood. The complement system plays a major role in the pathogenesis of @entity63 -reperfusion injuries such as @entity2806 . We have previously demonstrated that @entity2332 modulates complement activity in vitro. METHODS: Term equivalent @entity35 pups were subjected to unilateral carotid ligation followed by @entity519 (8% O2) for 45   min to simulate @entity2806 . A subset of animals was subjected to @entity2332 (31-32  C for 6   h). Plasma and brain levels of C3a and @entity7311 were measured. Receptors for C3a ( @entity19885 ) and @entity7311 ( @entity19886 ) along with C1q, C3, and C9 were characterized in neurons, astrocytes, and microglia. RESULTS: We found that @entity2332 increased systemic expression of C3a and decreased expression of @entity7311 after @entity2806 . In the brain, @entity19885 and @entity19886 are predominantly expressed on microglia after @entity2806 . @entity2332 increased local expression of @entity19885 and decreased expression on @entity19886 after @entity2806 . Furthermore, @entity2332 decreased local expression of C1q, C3-products, and C9 in the brain. CONCLUSION: @entity2332 is associated with significant alteration of complement effectors and their cognate receptors. Complement modulation may improve outcomes in neonatal @entity2806 .Pediatric Research (2017); doi:10.1038/pr.2016.271.

title: @entity2332 modulates complement factor C3a and @entity7311 levels in a XXXX model of @entity519 ischemic encephalopathy.

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy', 'HIE']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity2332 :: ('MESH:D007035', 'Disease') :: ['Therapeutic hypothermia', 'HT']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: PURPOSE: The unpredictable behavior of @entity189 in situ and its high potential for recurrence and progression make identifying @entity1 characteristics predicting a poor prognosis a priority. We assessed which factors affect the response to bacillus Calmette-Gu  rin plus interferon-a therapy in @entity1 with @entity189 in situ. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We analyzed data on a subset of 231 @entity1 with @entity189 in situ enrolled in a multicenter, phase II trial of bacillus Calmette-Gu  rin plus interferon-a therapy for nonmuscle invasive @entity150 . Analysis included @entity1 who were bacillus Calmette-Gu  rin na  ve and those with previous exposure to failed bacillus Calmette-Gu  rin therapy. We evaluated factors potentially affecting the bacillus Calmette-Gu  rin plus interferon-a response, including @entity1 age, gender, @entity5 stage, multifocality, prior @entity5 stage, the previous bacillus Calmette-Gu  rin failure pattern, courses and maintenance, and prior chemotherapy. RESULTS: The complete response rate at 3 and 6 months in na  ve vs previously failed bacillus Calmette-Gu  rin cases was 76% and 70% vs 76% and 66%, respectively. The 24-month disease-free rate was decreased in the 53 @entity1 with a history of 2 or more failed bacillus Calmette-Gu  rin courses vs that in the 71 with a history of 1 failed course and bacillus Calmette-Gu  rin na  ve @entity1 (23% vs 57% and 60%, respectively). The 22 @entity1 with @entity189 in situ had the worst outcome of a 23% disease-free rate at 24 months while the 59 with relapse within 1 year had an intermediate outcome of 42% vs 59% in the 33 with relapse after 1 year. @entity1 with a history of @entity1377 did better than those without such a history (p=0.019). CONCLUSIONS: Factors associated with a poor response to bacillus Calmette-Gu  rin plus interferon-a therapy in @entity1 with @entity189 in situ are prior @entity5 stage, 2 or more prior bacillus Calmette-Gu  rin failures and a bacillus Calmette-Gu  rin failure pattern.

title: Factors affecting response to bacillus Calmette-Gu  rin plus interferon for XXXX in situ.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1377 :: ('MESH:D002291', 'Disease') :: ['papillary disease']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['urothelial carcinoma', 'refractory carcinoma', 'carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder cancer']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['urothelial carcinoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe a 31-year-old female with symptomatic @entity12040 who was operated for aortic valve replacement. Although she had no preoperative @entity1504 , she died on the first postoperative day due to extensive @entity63 . METHODS: Echocardiography and computed tomography revealed progressive dilatation and thickening of the ascending aorta, severe @entity337 and diminished left ventricular function from 1998 onwards. In 2000 she was operated and a prosthesis was placed end-to-end distally of the sinutubular junction with combined reduction plasty of this junction. After the operation, in time echocardiography and computed tomography showed progressive irregularities and dilatation of the thoracoabdominal aorta and progressive @entity337 . A staged approach of aortic valve replacement and surgery for the thoracoabdominal aorta was planned. At the time of the reoperation in September 2004 the @entity32 was, after treatment with a maintenance dosage of @entity229 and imuran, in a relative quiescent phase. The aortic valve was uneventfully replaced by a mechanical valve. RESULTS: Medical treatment for @entity12040 never resulted in the @entity1 in completely normal blood values of white blood cell count, @entity1851 or erythrocyte sedimentation rate. In August 2004, she was admitted because of severe non-specific @entity158 and @entity101 . During @entity101 management, she had a short period of dipl  gia that was assumed to be due to periods of relapsed relative @entity551 . Although the computed tomography revealed severe @entity850 of the superior mesenteric artery and the celiac trunk, she was free of abdominal complaints and without further abnormal laboratory findings. One day after the aortic valve replacement a dramatic increase of transaminase and @entity880 -dehydrogenase with extreme @entity520 appeared. Urgent abdominal surgery was performed and extensive @entity63 of the liver, gallbladder, small intestine and the proximal part of the colon were found. Because of the extensive regions of @entity63 , no surgical interventions were optional. The @entity1 died one day after abdominal exploration. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that in @entity12040 scheduled for on pump cardiac surgery, vascular workup should be done, and interventional treatment of asymptomatic but potentially critical lesions should be considered.

title: Underestimated abdominal vascular pathology in a @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['Takayasu inflammation']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia bowel syndrome', 'ischemia']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity1504 :: ('MESH:D002561', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal vascular symptoms']

entities_list: @entity12040 :: ('MESH:D013625', 'Disease') :: ['Takayasu disease']

entities_list: @entity520 :: ('MESH:D000138', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic acidosis']

entities_list: @entity337 :: ('MESH:D001022', 'Disease') :: ['aortic regurgitation']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['thoracic pain']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

answer: @entity12040 :: (MESH:D013625,Disease) :: ['Takayasu arteritis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the pathogenic mechanism of @entity625 after instillation of Calmette-Gu  rin bacillus (BCG). Although the clinical features of @entity625 after BCG therapy are well described, only a few reports have studied the possible pathogenic mechanisms. METHODS: We analysed by flow cytometry the phenotype and T-cell receptor (TCR) expression of peripheral blood (PB) and synovial fluid (SF) T cells in a @entity1 who developed @entity625 ( @entity625 ) following intravesical BCG immunotherapy for @entity150 . The proliferative response of short-term T-cell lines (TCL) from PB of this @entity1 to mycobacterial antigens was tested by @entity1603 incorporation. RESULTS: @entity404 (+) and @entity405 (+) SF T cells with activated and memory phenotype were observed at the onset of @entity625 . We were able to detect BV-restricted expansion of @entity405 (+) T cells in PB (BV17) and in SF (BV5S1 and BV12). The percentage of PB and SF @entity405 (+) T cells that expanded diminished when the symptoms remitted. The strongest response of @entity404 (+) TCL from the @entity1 in vitro was obtained for @entity1 @entity11217 in an inversely dose-dependent manner. Very important was the finding that @entity405 (+) TCL from the @entity1 demonstrated no proliferative response to any antigenic challenge that was reversed after the addition of exogenous @entity1199 . CONCLUSION: Although the identity of the stimulating antigen that led to the expansions observed in this @entity1 is not clarified by the present data, both @entity404 (+) and @entity405 (+) T cells might play a role in the development of @entity625 following intravesical administration of BCG.

title: XXXX after BCG immunotherapy: T cell analysis in peripheral blood and synovial fluid.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1603 :: ('MESH:D001973', 'Chemical') :: ['bromodeoxyuridine']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['reactive arthritis', 'ReA', 'arthritis']

answer: @entity625 :: (MESH:D001168,Disease) :: ['Reactive arthritis']


abstract: The onset of @entity4681 in @entity191 ( @entity191 ) is usually unilateral. However, current therapeutic trials do not analyze separately the performance of the @entity1316 ( @entity1316 ) and less affected (LA) limbs. From a cohort of 85 subjects at different stages of @entity191 , we asked whether the relationship between @entity2845 and disease severity was similar on both limbs and if the @entity1316 side remained more bradykinetic than the LA side in advanced @entity191 . @entity1316 and LA limb determination was made from the history of the side first affected. Twenty-one age-matched subjects were used as controls. The velocities of finger and arm movements on both sides were inversely correlated with disease severity (P < 0.03). The slope of the decline in wrist movement velocity was steeper on the LA side (P = 0.029). When the regression lines were extrapolated to the y-axis (UPDRS III = 0) the performance of the LA side was not different from that of controls (P = 0.954 and P = 0.829 for finger and arm movements, respectively), whereas that of the @entity1316 side was slower (P = 0.019 and P = 0.016), suggesting that at the theoretical state of no disease the LA side would reflect less or no contralateral nigral pathology. With increasing disease severity, there was less difference between @entity1316 and LA sides in both finger and arm @entity2845 (P < 0.004). These findings highlight the value of analyzing separately the @entity1316 and LA sides in subjects with @entity191 , especially for clinical trials of potential disease modifying agents in early stages of disease.

title: Quantitative lateralized measures of @entity2845 at different stages of XXXX : the role of the less affected side.

entities_list: @entity2845 :: ('MESH:D018476', 'Disease') :: ['bradykinesia']

entities_list: @entity1316 :: ('MESH:D019964', 'Disease') :: ['MA', 'more affected']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease", 'PD']

entities_list: @entity4681 :: ('MESH:D016472', 'Disease') :: ['motor abnormalities']

answer: @entity191 :: (MESH:D010300,Disease) :: ['Parkinson's disease']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical outcomes of minimally invasive @entity231 extraction by phacoemulsification, with primary intraocular lens implantation, in eyes with primary @entity2747 (PACG) and co-existing @entity231 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Consecutive primary @entity2747 @entity1 with co-existing visually significant @entity231 were invited to participate in this prospective study. After obtaining informed consent, @entity231 extraction by phacoemulsification through a clear corneal incision was performed under topical anesthesia. Foldable intraocular lenses were implanted in the same setting. These @entity1 were then followed up for a minimum of 1 year. Outcome measures included intraocular pressure (IOP), requirement for @entity726 drugs, and visual acuity. RESULTS: Twenty-one primary @entity2747 eyes of 21 @entity1 were recruited. Mean age (+/- SD) was 73.7 +/- 8.1 years (range, 60-87 years). There were 12 female @entity1 and 9 male @entity1 , with 13 @entity735 . Nine eyes (42.9%) had history of acute primary angle closure. Mean follow-up duration was 20.7 +/- 3.6 months (range, 13-26 months). Intraocular pressure was decreased from a mean preoperative level of 19.7 +/- 6.1 mm Hg (range, 11 mm Hg-40 mm Hg) to 15.5 +/- 3.9 mm Hg (range, 9 mm Hg-26 mm Hg) at final follow-up (P = 0.022) (paired t test). The number of @entity726 eye drops required was decreased from a mean preoperative level of 1.91 +/- 0.77 (range, 1-3) to 0.52 +/- 0.87 (range, 0-3) at final follow-up (P < 0.001) (paired t test). In 10 eyes (47.6%), visual acuity improved significantly after surgery. In 9 eyes (42.9%), visual acuity remained the same. In 2 eyes (9.5%), visual acuity deteriorated significantly after surgery. Mean cup-to-disc ratio was 0.6 +/- 0.2 (range, 0.3-0.9) preoperatively, and 0.7 +/- 0.2 (range, 0.3-0.9) postoperatively (P = 0.047) (paired t test). CONCLUSIONS: In primary @entity2747 @entity1 with co-existing @entity231 , @entity231 extraction alone (by phacoemulsification) can significantly reduce both intraocular pressure and the requirement for @entity726 drugs.

title: The clinical outcomes of XXXX extraction by phacoemulsification in eyes with primary @entity2747 (PACG) and co-existing @entity231 : a prospective case series.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity735 :: ('MESH:D005124', 'Disease') :: ['right eyes and 8 left eyes']

entities_list: @entity2747 :: ('MESH:D015812', 'Disease') :: ['angle-closure glaucoma']

answer: @entity231 :: (MESH:D002386,Disease) :: ['cataract']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Most of @entity1577 ( @entity1577 ) @entity1 survive now into adulthood and they are transferred to pulmonologist care. AIMS: An overview of progress in care for @entity1577 adults in Czech Republic and evaluation of relationship of pulmonary function, nutritional status and airway colonization. METHODS: All adult @entity1577 @entity1 followed in pulmonary departments from December 1987 to December 2007 were included into study. Data about survival status, pulmonary function, nutritional status, airway colonization and other pulmonary and extrapulmonary manifestations of @entity1577 were collected from @entity1 ' records. RESULTS: Total of 206 @entity1 (96 females) were followed. @entity3210 was present in 175 (85.0%), @entity409 in 61 (29.6%) and insulin treatment in 58 (28.2%) @entity1 . @entity79 was found in 70 (46.7%) from 150 examined @entity1 . Sixty-two @entity1 (23 females) died at mean age 25.4 +/- 5.5 years (median 24.3 years). Worse survival was recorded in @entity1 with @entity6402 complex (BCC) airway colonization (24.4 +/- 4.0 vs 28.5 +/- 7.0 years, p = 0.012). One hundred forty-four living @entity1 were followed to date of the 31st December 2007 with mean age 27.5 +/- 6.5 years (median 26.5 years), FEV1 64.4 +/- 28.5% pred. and BMI 20.9 +/- 3.1 kg/m2. Worse pulmonary function was present in @entity1 with BCC colonization (FEV1 58.8 +/- 21.9 vs 67.8 +/- 27.3% pred., p = 0.041) and in malnourished @entity1 (FEv1 49.5 +/- 18.5 vs 69.7 +/- 25.9% pred., p < 0.0001). BCC colonization was found in 54 (37.5%), @entity796 (PA) colonization in 92 (63.9%) and colonization without BCC or PA in 40 (27.8%) @entity1 , respectively. @entity3147 (BMI < 19.0 kg/m2) was recorded in 38 (26.4%) @entity1 . CONCLUSION: This study confirms growing number of @entity1577 adults in Czech Republic, close relationship of pulmonary function and nutritional status and also unfavourable influence of BCC colonization.

title: [Twenty years of care for XXXX adults in Czech Republic].

entities_list: @entity6402 :: ('292', 'Species') :: ['Burkholderia cepacia']

entities_list: @entity796 :: ('287', 'Species') :: ['Pseudomonas aeruginosa']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver disease']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['Bone disease']

entities_list: @entity3210 :: ('MESH:D010188', 'Disease') :: ['Pancreatic insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity3147 :: ('MESH:D044342', 'Disease') :: ['Malnutrition']

entities_list: @entity1577 :: ('MESH:D003550', 'Disease') :: ['CF', 'cystic fibrosis']

answer: @entity1577 :: (MESH:D003550,Disease) :: ['cystic fibrosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity209 ( @entity209 ) is an important risk factor for @entity955 . P-wave indices, including @entity1480 ( @entity1480 ) and P-wave duration, can be used as non-invasive markers of heterogeneous @entity13169 . The aim of our study was to evaluate the relationship between P-wave indices and @entity2690 resistance in @entity1 with @entity209 . METHODS: Seventy-four @entity1 with @entity209 (44 @entity1 , 30 @entity1 ) and 81 @entity1 without @entity209 (48 @entity1 , 33 @entity1 ) were enrolled in the study. A diagnosis of @entity209 was made as defined by the Adult Treatment Panel III of the National @entity165 Education Program. @entity2690 resistance was estimated using the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) index. P-wave maximum duration (Pmax) and P-wave minimum duration (Pmin) were calculated on a 12-lead electrocardiogram, and the difference between the Pmax and the Pmin was defined as @entity1480 . RESULTS: @entity1 with @entity209 had a longer @entity1480 and a higher Pmax compared with @entity1 without @entity209 ( @entity1480 , 35.65  4.36 vs. 26.27  4.04, P<0.001; Pmax, 117.12  10.77 vs. 105.98  9.02, P<0.001), whereas no difference was found between Pmin values from @entity209 @entity1 and controls (81.47  9.54 vs. 79.70  8.76, P=0.231). Stepwise multivariate analysis revealed only the HOMA index to be an independent predictor of @entity1480 (b=3.115, P<0.001) and Pmax (b=7.175, P<0.001). CONCLUSION: This study suggests that @entity1 with @entity209 have a prolonged @entity1480 and Pmax. The increase in these parameters may be an indicator for identification of @entity1 at an increased risk for @entity955 .

title: @entity1480 and maximum duration are independently associated with XXXX resistance in @entity209 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['MS', 'Metabolic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity13169 :: ('MESH:C563984', 'Disease') :: ['atrial conduction']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['Cholesterol']

entities_list: @entity1480 :: ('MESH:C563184', 'Disease') :: ['P-wave dispersion', 'PWD']

answer: @entity2690 :: (3630,Gene) :: ['insulin']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To correlate pattern of @entity1545 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with outcome in @entity1 >= 36   +   0 weeks gestation with @entity519 ischaemic @entity75 . METHODS: Prospective cohort study. Images were blindly reviewed. @entity1 were assessed using a variety of standardised assessments. RESULTS: MRI brain was performed on 88 @entity1 . Follow up was available in 73(83%) @entity1 . Eight of 25(32%) @entity1 with normal imaging had below normal assessment scores. Eight @entity1 (12%) had isolated punctate white matter lesions and five of these had abnormal assessment scores. @entity204 and @entity306 were seen only in @entity1 with imaging scores >= 3 on basal ganglia/thalami (BGT) score or >= 4 on watershed score. No developmental concerns were raised in 3/7(43%) @entity1 with isolated watershed injury. Ten of 13(77%) @entity1 with @entity21 died or developed @entity306 . All 23 @entity1 with posterior limb of the internal capsule (PLIC) @entity99 . CONCLUSIONS: Almost one-third of @entity1 with a normal MRI brain may be at risk of developmental problems. Punctate foci of @entity62 are common and not always benign. PLIC involvement is usually associated with neurological sequelae including isolated @entity73 . Worst outcomes are associated with @entity21 .

title: Brain magnetic resonance imaging and outcome after @entity519 ischaemic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1545 :: ('MESH:D020214', 'Disease') :: ['injury on neonatal brain']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['injury displayed developmental difficulties']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['encephalopathy']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive deficits']

entities_list: @entity21 :: ('MESH:D001480', 'Disease') :: ['basal ganglia injury', 'isolated BGT injury']

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['white matter injury']

entities_list: @entity306 :: ('MESH:D002547', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral palsy']

answer: @entity75 :: (MESH:D001927,Disease) :: ['encephalopathy']


abstract: The @entity238 position-specific (PS) antigens are homologues of the vertebrate integrins, a family of transmembrane proteins that function in cell-matrix and cell-cell adhesion. The common beta subunit of PS integrins ( @entity50623 ) is encoded by the lethal(l)myospheroid gene (mys) and is required during wing, eye and muscle development. By expressing @entity50623 protein at defined developmental periods, we have shown that PS integrins are required throughout pupation, but not earlier, for normal development of wings. In contrast, the key requirement for PS integrins in eye development occurs only in the late pupa. Furthermore, PS integrins are apparently not required for the differentiation of the ommatidial cells; only for their organization. These results are consistent with roles for PS integrins in the interactions between the wing epithelia during the two phases of pupal wing expansion and in maintaining the attachment of a fully formed fenestrated membrane to the basement membrane of the retina. We have also examined the functional significance of alternative splicing of the transcript of the mys gene using P element-mediated transformation to introduce transgenes producing only one of the two spliced forms of @entity50623 . We find that either form is sufficient to rescue postembryonic mys phenotypes in the wing, eye and muscle but that both of the two splice forms are necessary to rescue the mys @entity2085 . This result indicates a requirement for the alternative splicing of mys during embryogenesis. The location of the alternative exons suggests that the two forms of the @entity50623 integrin subunit may interact with alternative alpha subunits and/or ligands.

title: Analyses of PS integrin functions during XXXX development.

entities_list: @entity2085 :: ('MESH:D020964', 'Disease') :: ['embryonic defects']

entities_list: @entity238 :: ('7227', 'Species') :: ['Drosophila']

answer: @entity238 :: (7227,Species) :: ['Drosophila']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of lipid lowering treatment with fibrates on @entity65 in @entity1 with @entity6 . METHODS: MEDLINE (from inception to November 2005) and the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register (including Issue 3, 2005) were searched for randomised controlled trials comparing therapy with fibrates to placebo in @entity1 with @entity6 . Electronic searches were supplemented by manual searching of reference lists, reviews, conference abstracts and specialist journals. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were estimated using a fixed effects model. The primary endpoint was the @entity12623 for @entity301 ( @entity301 ) events (a combination of non fatal @entity583 and @entity204 due to @entity301 ). Secondary endpoints included: (1) @entity204 due to @entity301 ; (2) fatal and non fatal @entity583 ; and (3) fatal and non fatal @entity64 . RESULTS: Eight trials and 12 249 @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 were included in the analyses. A total of 924 @entity301 events (418 and 506 in the treatment and placebo groups, respectively) occurred during a follow up of 60 395 @entity1 -years (30 106 and 30 289 in treatment and placebo groups). The combined @entity12623 for @entity301 events was 0.84 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.74-0.96, p = 0.008). The numbers needed to treat (NNTs) to prevent one @entity301 event over 10 years were nine and 26 for @entity1 with and without pre-existing @entity301 , respectively. IRRs for @entity204 due to @entity301 , @entity583 and @entity64 were 0.96 (95% CI 0.77-1.20, p = 0.73), 0.88 (95% CI 0.69-1.12, p = 0.30) and 0.87 (95% CI 0.73-1.05, p = 0.14), respectively. Larger benefits were found when restricting the analysis to trials that were not confounded by unequal provision of additional lipid-lowering therapy. CONCLUSIONS: Fibrates are associated with a substantial reduction of @entity301 events, but their exact role in lipid lowering treatment of @entity1 with @entity6 remains to be defined.

title: Fibrates in the prevention of XXXX in @entity1 with @entity6 : meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'person']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes', 'type 2 diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['CHD', 'coronary heart disease']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular endpoints']

answer: @entity65 :: (MESH:D002318,Disease) :: ['cardiovascular disease']


abstract: The @entity1 's Health Initiative (WHI) has conducted two randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials to evaluate the influence of menopausal hormone therapy on chronic disease risk. @entity172 plus @entity1871 was evaluated in 16,608 postmenopausal @entity1 without prior hysterectomy during 5.6 years' intervention. In that setting, combined hormone therapy use significantly increased @entity0 incidence and interfered with @entity0 detection. The @entity0 were not limited to @entity172 receptor positive, favorable prognosis @entity5 and were identified at more advanced stage. As a result, deaths from @entity0 were significantly increased by @entity172 plus @entity1871 use. While the absolute @entity0 risk for relatively short term (2-4 years) use of combined hormone therapy is small, on a population basis a therapy which nearly doubles deaths from @entity0 requires cautious use. @entity172 alone was evaluated in 10,739 postmenopausal @entity1 with prior hysterectomy during 7.1 years' intervention. There was an overall reduction of @entity0 incidence seen with @entity172 alone use and a suggestion that the effect on risk was more pronounced in @entity1 initiating hormone therapy further from menopause. Nonetheless, @entity1 with prior hysterectomy can be assured that short duration @entity172 alone use for climacteric symptom management is relatively safe. Neither @entity172 plus @entity1871 nor @entity172 alone should be used for chronic disease risk reduction. The safety of duration of use on chronic disease risk longer than in the WHI clinical trials is not defined.

title: Menopausal hormone therapy and XXXX mortality: clinical implications.

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen', 'Estrogen']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancers', 'breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers']

entities_list: @entity1871 :: ('CHEBI:59826', 'Chemical') :: ['progestin']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Information regarding the safety of selective @entity750 -reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) in @entity1 pregnancy is sparse. Concern has been raised about the risk of @entity4297 associated with the use of SSRIs in pregnancy. METHODS: We obtained data on 9622 case @entity1 with major @entity600 and 4092 control @entity1 born from 1997 through 2002 from the National @entity600 Prevention Study. Case @entity1 were ascertained through birth-defects surveillance systems in eight U.S. states; controls were selected randomly from the same geographic areas. Mothers completed a standardized telephone interview regarding exposure to potential risk factors, including medications, before and during pregnancy. Exposure to SSRIs was defined as treatment with any SSRI from 1 month before to 3 months after conception. @entity600 were assigned to 26 categories and subcategories. RESULTS: There were no significant associations between maternal use of SSRIs overall during early pregnancy and @entity4297 or most other categories or subcategories of @entity600 . Maternal SSRI use was associated with @entity10413 (214 @entity1 , 9 exposed; adjusted odds ratio, 2.4; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1 to 5.1), @entity91 (432 @entity1 , 24 exposed; adjusted odds ratio, 2.5; 95% CI, 1.5 to 4.0), and omphalocele (181 @entity1 , 11 exposed; adjusted odds ratio, 2.8; 95% CI, 1.3 to 5.7). CONCLUSIONS: Maternal use of SSRIs during early pregnancy was not associated with significantly increased risks of @entity4297 or of most other categories of @entity600 . Associations were observed between SSRI use and three types of @entity600 , but the absolute risks were small, and these observations require confirmation by other studies.

title: Use of selective XXXX -reuptake inhibitors in pregnancy and the risk of @entity600 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity10413 :: ('MESH:D000757', 'Disease') :: ['anencephaly']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['Birth Defects', 'Birth defects', 'birth defects']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['serotonin']

entities_list: @entity91 :: ('MESH:D003398', 'Disease') :: ['craniosynostosis']

entities_list: @entity4297 :: ('MESH:D006330', 'Disease') :: ['congenital heart defects']

answer: @entity750 :: (MESH:D012701,Chemical) :: ['serotonin']


abstract: PURPOSE: Clinicopathologic staging is even today the best prognostic factor in both @entity694 . There is still considerable variation in survival within the stages. To find other prognostic indicators we investigated six biologic markers associated with apoptosis and cell proliferation. METHODS: Formalin-fixed, @entity982 -embedded tissue samples of 363 @entity1 with primary @entity694 of Dukes Stages A to D were chosen for immunohistochemical staining of five @entity5 markers: @entity588 , @entity876 , Ki-67, @entity4910 , and carcinoembryonic antigen. Also, the number of apoptotic cells was studied by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated D: -UTP nick end labeling method in 347 cases. The study was done on specially prepared tissue arrays. RESULTS: In @entity5 , @entity1 with a Ki-67 labeling index of 5 percent or higher had a better prognosis than those with a lower index. Also, positive cytoplasmic @entity876 expression predicted a favorable outcome in @entity5 . In @entity694 , positive nuclear staining of @entity4910 reflected better survival. Weak and moderate staining of carcinoembryonic antigen correlated with better prognosis than strong staining, but negative staining predicted poor outcome. High apoptotic index of 100 or higher correlated with poor prognosis in @entity694 . However, in @entity5 , the trend was the opposite. @entity588 staining tended to be more intense in samples of @entity1 living 5 years or longer compared with those with worse prognosis. CONCLUSIONS: @entity694 and @entity5 seem to have different biologic behavior, at least with respect to apoptosis, cytoplasmic @entity876 expression, and perhaps Ki-67 and carcinoembryonic antigen. Further studies are needed to clarify the significance of these factors.

title: The significance of XXXX markers for proliferation and apoptosis in predicting survival in colorectal cancer.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'rectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity982 :: ('MESH:D010232', 'Chemical') :: ['paraffin']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon and rectal cancers', 'colon or rectal cancer', 'Colon cancer', 'colon cancer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumor']


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: @entity409 in adults with @entity3458 varies in character and severity from self-limited @entity1448 to life-threatening @entity879 and @entity82 . Because previous attempts to describe patterns of @entity409 have not reflected clinical experience, we aimed to characterize the presentation, clinicopathologic findings, and natural history of such @entity1 . METHODS: We reviewed the clinical, laboratory, radiographic, and histologic features with the natural history of 38 @entity1 (mean age, 33 years) with @entity3458 , SC, or @entity8674 referred to a tertiary liver center for assessment. RESULTS: Distinct disease patterns were identified that comprised massive @entity39 (5%), acute severe sequestration and @entity1448 in the context of @entity295 (18%), @entity82 (18%), chronic, fluctuating sequestration without @entity1448 (21%), mechanical @entity253 (8%), @entity27791 without @entity82 (8%), generalized cholangiopathy (8%), @entity3181 (3%), and miscellaneous (11%). Of the 20 who required emergency admission, 8 did not survive their index admission, and 3 @entity1 died during follow-up admissions (4 months-4 years later). There were 3 instances of @entity548 related to liver biopsy. One @entity1 underwent transplantation but died. Hematologic and biochemical markers did not discriminate well between survivors and nonsurvivors. The incidence of a second hepatic pathology (ie, @entity99 , @entity792 , transfusional @entity27791 ) was 37% and was associated with the finding of more advanced histologic @entity82 . CONCLUSIONS: Patterns of @entity409 in @entity3458 are diverse and demand clear characterization for each individual; however, groups with a poor prognosis can be identified after collation of clinical, laboratory, and radiologic data. Findings at biopsy (which is associated with higher risk of @entity548 in this group) might be anticipated by noninvasive test results.

title: XXXX in @entity3458 : a new system of classification based on global assessment.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis', 'cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['viral hepatitis']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage', 'bleeding']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['hepatocellular necrosis']

entities_list: @entity879 :: ('MESH:D017114', 'Disease') :: ['acute liver failure']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver disease', 'hepatic dysfunction', 'Hepatic dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity3458 :: ('MESH:D000755', 'Disease') :: ['Hb SS', 'sickle cell disease']

entities_list: @entity1448 :: ('MESH:D002779', 'Disease') :: ['cholestasis']

entities_list: @entity3181 :: ('MESH:D006502', 'Disease') :: ['venous outflow obstruction']

entities_list: @entity253 :: ('MESH:D001660', 'Disease') :: ['biliary obstruction']

entities_list: @entity8674 :: ('MESH:D017086', 'Disease') :: ['S-beta thalassemia']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune disease']

answer: @entity409 :: (MESH:D008107,Disease) :: ['Hepatic dysfunction']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The advantage of a transverse incision over a midline incision for open right hemicolectomy remains controversial. OBJECTIVE: To compare the short-term surgical outcomes of @entity601 ( @entity601 ) and right hemicolectomy through right transverse incision (RHTR) for right-sided @entity694 . MATERIAL AND METHOD: This retrospective study included 74 @entity1 with right-sided @entity694 who underwent elective right hemicolectomies through midline or right transverse incision between February 2004 and June 2006 at the Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital. Operative details, postoperative requirement of narcotics, recovery of bowel function, and oncological parameters were analyzed. RESULTS: Fifty-four @entity1 underwent @entity601 and 20 @entity1 underwent RHTR. Both approaches achieved adequate oncological resection of the @entity5 . The RHTR group were characterized by shorter operative times (105 vs. 140 minutes; p = 0.001), less @entity190 (70 vs. 125 ml,; p = 0.004), faster discontinuation of intravenous narcotics (1.2 vs. 1.8 days; p = 0.03), and shorter length of hospital stay (6.0 vs. 7.9 days,; p = 0.02). @entity260 and time to recovery of bowel function were not significantly different. CONCLUSION: The authors suggest that RHTR is a safe and effective operation for right-sided @entity694 ; which results in a significant reduction in operative time, duration of intravenous narcotics administration, and hospital stay compared with @entity601 . However, there is no difference in postoperative recovery of bowel function and complication rate.

title: Comparison between midline and right transverse incision in right hemicolectomy for right-sided XXXX : a retrospective study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity601 :: ('MESH:D009436', 'Disease') :: ['right hemicolectomy through midline incision', 'RHML']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon cancer']

answer: @entity694 :: (MESH:D003110,Disease) :: ['colon cancer']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity1462 ( @entity1462 ) still remain one of the most difficult diagnostic and therapeutic enigmas in modern medicine due to its extremely variable clinical presentation ranging from asymptomatic birthmarks to life threatening conditions. Extreme rarity also made it quite difficult for the clinician to make a proper diagnosis and institute optimum treatment. Poor understanding of the nature of the disease and subsequent ill-planned cavalier approach mostly by the surgeon alone only resulted in often disastrous outcomes due to prohibitively high complication and recurrence. Recently more logical attitude with multidisciplinary approach based on Hamburg classification achieved better understanding of the anatomy and pathophysiology and also advanced medical technology was able to provide the improved management in general. CLINICAL ASSESSMENT: The diagnosis itself is now feasible mostly with various combination of basic laboratory tests of non- to less- invasive nature. Selective invasive study now can be reserved as road map for the treatment in general. CLINICAL MANAGEMENT: Treatment strategy has to be set up separately for the "primary @entity600 " itself first from their "secondary disorders" along the vascular system and/or skeleton and soft tissue. In addition to various absolute indications of the treatment, the relative indication includes various conditions to affect the quality of life significantly besides the lesions with potentially high risk of complication, @entity79 and cosmetically severe @entity85 . Various combinations of the embolo/sclerotherapy with conventional surgical therapy is implemented properly to each different @entity600 : absolute @entity1068 sclerotherapy to the @entity1211 , absolute @entity1068 and/or @entity7548 and/or coil, etc. to the @entity600 , and @entity1012 to @entity600 , as major embolo/scleroagents. Surgical therapy as part of total care management of @entity1462 on the basis of multidisciplinary approach has been fully integrated to the embolo/sclerotherapy and active incorporation of the preoperative and/or postoperative embolo/sclerotherapy provides substantial improvement on the overall results of the therapy. Non- to poor surgical candidate should be considered for embolo/sclerotherapy as the primary mode of therapy. Extreme lesion with completely non-functional status of the limb should be considered for the early amputation and subsequent proper rehabilitation, instead of continuation of the aimless embolo/sclerotherapies. CONCLUSIONS: Multidisciplinary approach to @entity1462 allows proper diagnosis and optimum treatment with selective combination of wide variety of therapy strategy by the integration of embolo/sclerotherapy and surgical therapy providing excellent results of the treatment even in case of complex lesions.

title: Advanced management of @entity1462 ( XXXX ).

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['lymphatic malformation', 'malformation', 'AV malformation']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['vascular-bone syndrome']

entities_list: @entity7548 :: ('MESH:D004659', 'Chemical') :: ['N-butyl cyanoacrylate']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['deformity']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['venous malformation']

entities_list: @entity1462 :: ('MESH:D054079', 'Disease') :: ['CVM', 'Congenital vascular malformations', 'congenital vascular malformations']

answer: @entity1462 :: (MESH:D054079,Disease) :: ['CVM']


abstract: The purpose of this study was to describe the factors that predict compliance among adolescents with a @entity102 . The data were collected by questionnaires from adolescents with @entity565 , @entity302 , @entity309 ( @entity309 ) and @entity1723 ( @entity1723 ). Groups of 300 adolescents with these illnesses were selected from the Finnish Social Insurance Institution's register, giving a total study series of 1200 individuals. The final response percentage was 88% (n = 1061). The data were analysed with the SPSS software. Logistic regression was used to indicate the predictors of good compliance. The compliance of adolescents with a @entity102 was predicted on the basis of support from parents, nurses, physicians and friends, as well as motivation, energy and willpower. The most powerful predictor was support from nurses. The likelihood of adolescents supported by nurses complying with health regimens was 7.28-fold compared to the adolescents who did not receive support from nurses. The next powerful predictor was energy and willpower. Adolescents who had the energy and willpower to take care of themselves complied with health regimens with a 6.69-fold likelihood compared to the adolescents who did not have energy and willpower. Adolescents who had good motivation were 5.28 times more likely to comply than the adolescents who did not have motivation. Support from parents, physicians and friends similarly predicted good compliance with health regimens.

title: Support as a crucial predictor of good compliance of adolescents with a XXXX .

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic disease', 'chronic illness']

entities_list: @entity1723 :: ('MESH:D003922', 'Disease') :: ['IDDM', 'insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['juvenile rheumatoid arthritis', 'JRA']

answer: @entity102 :: (MESH:D002908,Disease) :: ['chronic disease']


abstract: Deregulated cell proliferation and apoptosis play a major @entity157 ( @entity157 ). MicroRNAs participate in the modulation of key molecules linked to hepatocarcinogenesis. PURPOSE: This study aims to investigate the role of @entity494 in the modulation of @entity58800 , a proapoptotic @entity2424 -only protein, and to characterize @entity494 contribution to hepatocarcinogenesis through modulation of apoptosis. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Transfection of @entity494 and anti- @entity494 in @entity157 -derived cell lines and luciferase reporter assay were used to assess @entity58800 as a target of @entity494 . Modulation of @entity494 and @entity58800 expression contributed to characterize their role in anoikis. Primary @entity157 tissues were analyzed to assess the clinical relevance of in vitro findings. RESULTS: Enforced @entity494 expression caused @entity58800 down-regulation, whereas anti- @entity494 induced its up-regulation. A luciferase reporter assay confirmed @entity58800 as a target of @entity494 . Following matrix detachment, @entity494 silencing led to increased apoptotic cell death. The analysis of @entity157 tissues revealed an inverse correlation between @entity494 and @entity58800 expression and a direct correlation between @entity58800 and activated @entity522 , as a marker of apoptosis. High @entity494 levels were associated with @entity5 multifocality and reduced time to recurrence after surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that @entity494 , by targeting @entity58800 , inhibits apoptosis. Moreover, in @entity157 , @entity494 overexpression is associated with a more @entity146 phenotype. These findings, together with the previously reported modulation of @entity13525 / @entity5438 and @entity8755 / @entity8755 , show that @entity494 simultaneously affects multiple pro-oncogenic pathways and suggest @entity494 as a potential target for nonconventional treatment against @entity157 .

title: MicroRNA-221 targets @entity58800 in XXXX and correlates with @entity5 multifocality.

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'role in hepatocellular carcinoma']

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity637 /cycloheximide (CHX)-induced apoptosis of the @entity19 intestinal epithelial cell line MODE-K corresponds with the production of @entity519 ( @entity519 ). The aim of the study is to investigate the sources of @entity519 production contributing to apoptotic cell death during @entity637 /CHX-induced oxidative stress in MODE-K cells. Total @entity519 or mitochondrial superoxide anion production was measured simultaneously with cell death in the absence or presence of pharmacological inhibitors of various @entity519 -producing systems, and of @entity519 scavengers/antioxidants. The influence of @entity637 /CHX on mitochondrial membrane potential (  m) and cellular oxygen consumption was also studied. @entity637 /CHX time-dependently increased intracellular total @entity519 and mitochondrial superoxide anion production in MODE-K cells, starting from 2h. Inhibition of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase (NOX) by a pan-NOX inhibitor ( @entity34391 ) and a specific inhibitor of @entity5844 ( @entity7186 ) significantly reduced @entity637 /CHX-induced total @entity519 and cell death levels. The mitochondrial electron transport chain inhibitors, amytal (IQ site of complex I) and TTFA (Qp site of complex II) showed a pronounced decrease in @entity637 /CHX-induced total @entity519 , mitochondrial superoxide anion and cell death levels. @entity637 /CHX treatment caused an immediate decrease in mitochondrial respiration, and a loss of   m and increase in mitochondrial dysfunction from 1h on. The results suggest that mitochondria and NOX are the two major sources of @entity519 overproduction during @entity637 /CHX-induced cell death in MODE-K cells, with superoxide anions being the major @entity519 species. Particularly, the quinone-binding sites of mitochondrial complex I (site IQ) and complex II (site Qp) seem to be the major sites of mitochondrial @entity519 production.

title: Mitochondria and NADPH oxidases are the major sources of XXXX /cycloheximide-induced oxidative stress in @entity19 intestinal epithelial MODE-K cells.

entities_list: @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['reactive oxygen species', 'ROS']

answer: @entity637 :: (21926(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['TNF-a']


abstract: CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: The Wnt pathway is involved in tumorigenesis of several tissues. For this reason, we proposed to evaluate Wnt gene expression in @entity1204 . DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study on materials gathered from the tissue bank of the Department of Pathology, Universidade Federal de S  o Paulo. METHODS: Endometrial specimens were obtained from surgeries performed between 1995 and 2005 at S  o Paulo Hospital, Universidade Federal de S  o Paulo. The material was divided into two groups according to tissue type: Group A, @entity3202 endometrium (n = 15); and Group B, @entity1204 (n = 45). We compared the immunohistochemical expression of @entity18142 , @entity13031 ( @entity13031 ), @entity18297 , @entity13035 ( @entity13035 ) and @entity3546 between @entity1204 and @entity3202 endometrium. RESULTS: Regarding @entity18142 , @entity13031 and @entity18297 expression, no significant association was observed between the groups. A significant association was observed between the groups in relation to @entity13035 expression (P = 0.001). The proportion of @entity13035 -positive samples was significantly higher in group A (80.0%) than in group B (31.1%). Regarding the survival curve for @entity13035 in group B, we did not find any significant association between @entity3202 endometrium and @entity1204 . We also did not find any significant association regarding @entity3546 expression (P = 1.000). CONCLUSION: @entity13035 is downregulated in @entity1204 , in comparison with @entity3202 endometrium.

title: Canonical and noncanonical Wnt pathways: a comparison between XXXX and @entity3202 endometrium in Brazil.

entities_list: @entity1204 :: ('MESH:D016889', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial adenocarcinoma', 'endometrial cancer type I']

answer: @entity1204 :: (MESH:D016889,Disease) :: ['endometrial cancer type I']


abstract: @entity1420 receptor (PR) mediates the effects of @entity1420 in mammary tissues and plays a crucial role in normal breast development and in @entity0 . PR proteins are expressed as two isoforms, PRA and @entity996 , that have different capacities to activate target genes, yet it is unknown whether @entity1420 action in normal and malignant breast is mediated by PRA and/or @entity996 . This study determines the relative expression of PRA and @entity996 in normal breast and in benign, premalignant and malignant archival @entity1558 by dual immunofluorescent histochemistry. In normal breast and in @entity66 without atypia (PDWA) PRA and @entity996 were co-expressed within the same cells in comparable amounts, implicating both isoforms in @entity1420 action. In @entity75 , however, there was a significant increase in predominant expression of PRA or @entity996 , with lesion progression from the normal state to malignancy. PR isoform predominance, especially PRA predominance, was evident in a high proportion of @entity513 in situ (DCIS) and invasive @entity1558 . In the normal breast and in PDWA, the relative expression of PRA and @entity996 in adjacent cells was homogenous. There was a significant increase in cell-to-cell heterogeneity of PR isoform expression in ADH and @entity3821 and in the majority of @entity0 . Heterogeneous cell-to-cell expression of PR isoforms occurred prior to overall predominant expression of one isoform in @entity1558 , demonstrating that loss of control of relative PRA: @entity996 expression is an early event in the development of @entity0 . PRA: @entity996 ratios within a breast lesion are likely to be important as both markers and effectors of @entity5 growth and development, and progressively aberrant PR isoform expression may play a role in the etiology of @entity0 .

title: Loss of co-ordinate expression of XXXX receptors A and B is an early event in breast carcinogenesis.

entities_list: @entity3821 :: ('MESH:D002285', 'Disease') :: ['DCIS lesions']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancers', 'breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone', 'Progesterone']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['proliferative disease']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['atypical lesions']

entities_list: @entity513 :: ('MESH:D044584', 'Disease') :: ['ductal carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity1558 :: ('MESH:D001941', 'Disease') :: ['breast lesions', 'premalignant breast lesions']

answer: @entity1420 :: (MESH:D011374,Chemical) :: ['progesterone']