abstract: We evaluated low-dose @entity3873 (0.25 microgram b.i.d.) in combination with 1 g of supplemental @entity460 therapy as treatment for @entity6092 @entity1 over 60 years of age (n = 4). Control @entity1 (n = 6) received @entity7218 (50,000 units twice a week) and 1 g of supplemental @entity460 . Bone biopsies and CT-determined bone mineral density were done initially and after 1 year of therapy. Bone mineral density increased from 77 +/- 18 to 88 +/- 9 mg/ml (NS) in the @entity3873 -treated group and from 87 +/- 13 to 112 +/- 30 mg/ml (NS) in the @entity7218 -treated group. There was also no significant change in bone volume, as determined by bone biopsy in either group. No compression @entity174 occurred in either treatment group. After 1 year of therapy, urinary @entity460 excretion was increased significantly above that observed in age-matched untreated @entity1 . @entity1011 clearance did not change significantly. @entity2741 was rare. In summary, we found @entity3873 was not superior to @entity7218 in preventing progressive @entity604 and @entity174 . Both therapies were associated with significant @entity5200 .

title: Effect of low-dose @entity3873 and XXXX therapy on bone histomorphometry and urinary @entity460 excretion in @entity6092 @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures']

entities_list: @entity2741 :: ('MESH:D006934', 'Disease') :: ['Hypercalcemia']

entities_list: @entity3873 :: ('MESH:D002117', 'Chemical') :: ['calcitriol']

entities_list: @entity604 :: ('MESH:D016301', 'Disease') :: ['bone loss']

entities_list: @entity7218 :: ('MESH:D004872', 'Chemical') :: ['ergocalciferol']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['Creatinine']

entities_list: @entity5200 :: ('MESH:D053565', 'Disease') :: ['hypercalciuria']

entities_list: @entity6092 :: ('MESH:C567172', 'Disease') :: ['osteopenic']

answer: @entity460 :: (MESH:D002118,Chemical) :: ['calcium']


abstract: During the month of Ramadan, Muslims fast every day from dawn to sunset. In the healthy subject, this fasting does not have any harmful consequences on health. However, it can induce several complications for @entity1 with @entity6 . The aim of this review twofold: first, it seeks to give some clues about methodological aspect of research during Ramadan and to show the impact of various @entity6 monitoring and treatment, including biochemical and clinical parameters, diet and caloric intake, drug intake when fasting. Second, it intends to determine whether or not Ramadan fasting induces complications in @entity1 with types 1 and 2 @entity6 and ultimately to elaborate some advice as to the management of fasting @entity1 . Several studies have shown that Ramadan fasting did not alter biochemical parameters in @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 . However, other studies have shown that there is either an increase or a decrease in biochemical parameters during Ramadan. Ramadan fasting would be acceptable for @entity1 with well-balanced @entity164 2 @entity6 who are conscious of their disease and compliant with their diet and drug intake. If @entity1 with @entity164 1 @entity6 wish to fast, it is necessary to advise them to undertake control of their glycaemia several times a day. @entity1 with @entity164 1 @entity6 who will fast during Ramadan may be better managed with fast absorption insulin.

title: XXXX and Ramadan: review of the literature.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['Diabetes']


abstract: @entity1082 )-related @entity5 represents a distinct @entity213 ( @entity213 ) subpopulation, with improved disease-free and overall survival. In general, HPV-positive HNSCCs express wild-type @entity876 , which could explain its increased radiosensitivity. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this higher sensitivity remain elusive. We have previously shown that HPV-related @entity189 express decreased levels of the @entity16929 -activating enzyme 1/amyloid b precursor protein-binding protein 1 ( @entity20380 / @entity20380 ) gene. @entity20380 / @entity20380 function is required for the NEDDylation of target proteins, and has been shown to be a negative regulator of @entity876 transcriptional activity. In this study, we addressed the hypothesis that @entity20380 / @entity20380 expression levels regulate @entity876 activity and cell survival upon ionizing irradiation. We used the radiosensitive and naturally @entity1799 -infected UPCI:SCC90 cell line and the radioresistant and HPV-negative SQ20B cell line as the control. @entity20380 / @entity20380 expression levels were modulated with expression constructs and siRNAs. Radiosensitivity was evaluated with clonogenic survival assays. @entity876 transcriptional activity was measured with a luciferase assay. The overexpression of @entity20380 / @entity20380 in UPCI:SCC90 cells resulted in the increased NEDDylation of @entity876 , inhibition of @entity876 activity and increased cell resistance to ionizing radiation. Conversely, the inhibition of @entity20380 / @entity20380 expression in SQ20B cells induced @entity876 -dependent cell death after treatment with X-rays. Taken together, these results indicate that @entity20380 / @entity20380 and NEDDylation are invovled in modulating @entity876 activity and regulating its role in the response of cells to ionizing radiation. Our findings bring new insights in the molecular mechanisms underlying the increased radiosensitivity of HPV-related @entity5 . This is of importance, as no reliable and robust predictive biomarkers for @entity5 response to radiotherapy are currently available. These results also have potential clinical significance, as drugs targeting @entity20380 / @entity20380 have recently emerged as a novel therapeutic modality in @entity5 treatment.

title: The @entity16929 conjugation pathway regulates XXXX transcriptional activity and head and neck cancer cell sensitivity to ionizing radiation.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'oropharyngeal tumors', 'cancer', 'oropharyngeal cancer']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['oropharyngeal carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity1082 :: ('10566', 'Species') :: ['Human papillomavirus (HPV']

entities_list: @entity213 :: ('MESH:C535575', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck squamous cell carcinoma', 'HNSCC']

answer: @entity876 :: (7157,Gene) :: ['p53']


abstract: Two killed adjuvanted vaccines were evaluated for their efficacy against @entity5746 in pigeons. Both vaccines contained whole-cell @entity406 -inactivated @entity2491 . Copenhagen bacteria. Two groups of 10 pigeons were inoculated twice with a 3-week interval with one of the vaccines. Ten weeks after the second vaccination, all vaccinated pigeons as well as 10 non-vaccinated birds were challenged by crop inoculation of 10(9) colony-forming units of a @entity2491 serotype Typhimurium var. Copenhagen strain. Ten pigeons that were not vaccinated or challenged served as negative controls. As determined by clinical examination, plasma chemistry and necropsy, neither vaccine induced protection against challenge. The only significant effects observed were a reduction in the level of faecal shedding and a less severe @entity4683 in the pigeons treated with one of the two vaccines. Results of this study indicate that vaccination against @entity5746 in pigeons with killed vaccines may not be very useful. However, the ability of certain vaccines to reduce shedding may contribute to the control of @entity5746 in infected pigeon lofts.

title: The effect of vaccination on the course of an experimental XXXX infection in racing pigeons.

entities_list: @entity2491 :: ('90371', 'Species') :: ['Salmonella', 'Salmonella typhimurium var']

entities_list: @entity406 :: ('MESH:D005557', 'Chemical') :: ['formaldehyde']

entities_list: @entity5746 :: ('MESH:D012480', 'Disease') :: ['salmonellosis']

entities_list: @entity4683 :: ('MESH:D059606', 'Disease') :: ['polydipsia']

answer: @entity2491 :: (90371,Species) :: ['Salmonella typhimurium']


abstract: This study reflects the clinical pattern, diagnosis and management of @entity6197 in 55 consecutive @entity1 from Chittagong Hill Tracts. The predominant clinical features were: impaired consciousness with @entity410 in a febrile @entity1 with temporary residence in the endemic zone. Younger @entity1 were more prone to develop this condition. Thirty two @entity1 (58.18%) were between 18-25 years. A high incidence of @entity6197 was noted in blood group 'O' (37.5%) and group 'B' (33.33%). The malarial parasite count MPC was not proportional to the severity of the disease. Twenty four @entity1 (43.63%) had malarial parasite count below 100% cumm. @entity417 (63.63%) and @entity1087 (34.54%) were common, @entity381 (7.27%) was uncommon. Clinical features of @entity4 /raised intracranial pressure were not evident. CSF study was unremarkable except for raised pressure in 7 @entity1 (12.65%). Response to intravenous @entity4807 was satisfactory and yet the mortality was 11%.

title: XXXX --an analysis of 55 cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'people']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['convulsion']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral oedema']

entities_list: @entity381 :: ('MESH:D013163', 'Disease') :: ['Splenomegaly']

entities_list: @entity6197 :: ('MESH:D016779', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral malaria']

answer: @entity6197 :: (MESH:D016779,Disease) :: ['Cerebral malaria']


abstract: @entity5309 ( @entity5309 ) are the first cells to be recruited to the site of tissular aggression. They have a short-life span and die by spontaneous apoptosis. However, their life span and functional activities can be extended in vitro by a number of proinflammatory cytokines, including the @entity2841 ( @entity2841 ). We have reported that the protective effect of @entity2841 did not occur in @entity5309 of elderly subjects. Data reported here showed that this difference was not due to a change in the expression of the @entity2841 receptor in the @entity5309 of elderly individuals compared to young subjects. Furthermore, we showed here that @entity2841 activated the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (Jak/STAT) pathway and this activation appeared to be maintained for an extended period of time (18 h) playing an important role in the @entity2841 induced delayed @entity5309 apoptosis. In marked contrast, @entity2841 had no effects on @entity4016 activation in @entity5309 of elderly individuals. We found that an inhibitor of @entity4016 activation ( @entity22943 ) abolished the protective effect of @entity2841 in @entity5309 from young donors, however had no effect in @entity5309 of elderly subjects. @entity2841 induced a transient activation of @entity4104 and @entity11715 in @entity5309 of young donors but failed to activate to the same extent these signal transducers in @entity5309 of elderly donors. The levels of @entity522 were reduced in @entity5309 of young donors treated with @entity2841 for 18 h but remained unchanged in @entity5309 of elderly subjects treated under the same conditions compared to the untreated @entity5309 . Our data are consistent with the interpretation that, at least in part (1) the protective effect of @entity2841 against apoptosis results from the activation of the Jak/STAT pathway and (2) decreased rescue from apoptosis in @entity5309 of elderly is related to a failure of @entity2841 to activate this pathway in these cells.

title: XXXX activates the Jak/STAT pathway to rescue polymorphonuclear neutrophils from spontaneous apoptosis in young but not elderly individuals.

entities_list: @entity5309 :: ('MESH:C564275', 'Disease') :: ['PMN', 'Polymorphonuclear neutrophils']

entities_list: @entity2841 :: ('1437', 'Gene') :: ['granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor', 'GM-CSF']

answer: @entity2841 :: (1437,Gene) :: ['GM-CSF']


abstract: One hundred five @entity1 with @entity157 were treated with @entity1496 131 antiferritin in three sequential protocols in phase 1-2 trials. Therapy began in all trials with external beam irradiation and chemotherapy. The dosimetric results with 131I antiferritin indicated that 30 mCi (8 to 10 mCi/mg immunoglobulin G [IgG]) was sufficient to saturate the @entity5 . Tumor-effective half-life of the radioactive antibody was 3 to 5 days and was dependent on the species of animal from which the antibody was derived. This led to a 30 mCi on day 0 and 20 mCi on day 5 treatment schedule. @entity137 was predominantly @entity882 . Due to clinical remission, cyclic therapy was next developed with antibodies from different species of animals. @entity95 , @entity1707 , monkey, and bovine antibodies were determined to produce the longest @entity5 -effective half-life and therefore the highest dose of radiation. Integration of 15 mg @entity632 and 500 mg @entity1487 ( @entity1487 ) with 131I antiferritin was accomplished next. Remission to external beam radiation was evaluated by computed tomography (CT) scan @entity5 volume computations that indicated that 22% of the @entity1 had a partial remission (PR) from initial presentation to 1 month following external irradiation and chemotherapy. From the time of radioactive antibody administration, 48% of the @entity1 (7% complete response [CR] and 41% PR) achieved remission to 131I antiferritin. Of 79 @entity1 evaluated by CT scan @entity5 volumetrics 50% of the @entity1 (7% CR and 43% PR) remitted to the entire treatment regimen. @entity1 not previously treated and without @entity3 who were alpha fetoprotein positive ( @entity160 +) had a 5-month median survival compared with @entity160 - median survival of 10 1/2 months. There were four CRs with one being 3 years and 6 months. The longest PR was 5 years and 8 months. These studies have demonstrated the @entity137 and therapeutic activity of 131I antiferritin and the emerging role of radiolabelled antibody in @entity5 therapy.

title: XXXX 131 antiferritin, a new treatment modality in @entity157 : a Radiation Therapy Oncology Group study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'Toxicity']

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['hepatoma']

answer: @entity1496 :: (MESH:D007455,Chemical) :: ['Iodine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to assess outcome after rotational humeral osteotomies, using a medial approach, in @entity1 with @entity5300 . METHODS: A retrospective review of @entity1 with @entity5300 who underwent external rotational humeral osteotomies, using a medial approach, for the treatment of @entity717 was performed. Presurgical and postsurgical range of motion, standard Mallet, and modified Mallet scores were recorded. The traditional Mallet score was modified to include a sixth subscale that further evaluated @entity717 . This was assessed by having the @entity1 ' attempts to place their palm flat on their naval. RESULTS: Twenty-three @entity1 underwent external rotational humeral osteotomies. The mean rotational correction achieved during the procedure was 43.2+/-11.6 degrees (range: 20-70 degrees). The mean preoperative standard aggregate Mallet score was 13.8+/-2.8 and the mean postoperative score was 16.1+/-2.5 (P=0.002). When the additional @entity717 scale was added into the score, the mean preoperative aggregate score was 18.0+/-2.1 and the mean postoperative score was 19.5+/-2.8 (P=0.032). Further analysis revealed a statistically significant improvement (P<0.05) in external rotation, hand to neck, and hand to mouth functions. Internal rotation was decreased as represented by statistically significant decreases in hand to spine and hand to belly (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Rotational humeral osteotomies can be performed safely and effectively using a medial approach. These osteotomies significantly improve activities associated with external rotation. However, the degree of external rotation must be carefully balanced against the loss of @entity717 , which would impede midline function. The addition of a sixth subscale to the Mallet score that assesses hand to belly provides more clinically relevant information regarding midline function than hand to spine. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: This is a Level IV study.

title: Shoulder function after medial approach and derotational humeral osteotomy in XXXX with @entity5300 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5300 :: ('MESH:D020516', 'Disease') :: ['brachial plexus birth palsy']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['internal rotation', 'internal rotation contractures']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: The purpose of this study is to assess if EMG biofeedback training with progressive @entity121 training is effective in reducing the EMG level in @entity1 with @entity2701 headaches. This study which lasted from 23 October to 30 December 1989, was conducted on 10 females who were diagnosed as @entity1 with @entity2701 headaches and selected from among volunteers at C. University in Seoul. The process of the study was as follows: First, before the treatment, the baseline was measured for two weeks and the level of EMG was measured five times in five minutes. And then EMG biofeedback training was used for six weeks, 12 sessions in all, and progressive @entity121 was done at home by audio tape over eight weeks. Each session was composed of a 5-minute baseline, two 5-minute EMG biofeedback training periods and a 5-minute self-control stage. Each stage was followed by a five minute rest period. So each session took a total of 40 minutes. The EMG level was measured by EMG biofeedback (Autogenic-Cyborg: M 130 EMG module). The results were as follows: 1. The average age of the subjects was 44.1 years and the average history of @entity10 was 10.6 years (range: 6 months-20 years). 2. The level of EMG was lowest between the third and the fourth week of the training except in Cases I and IV. 3. The @entity1 began to show a nonconciliatory attitude at the first session of the fifth week of the training.

title: [The effect of EMG level by EMG biofeedback with progressive @entity121 training on @entity2701 XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['muscle relaxation']

answer: @entity10 :: (MESH:D006261,Disease) :: ['headache']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of double targeting gene therapy by using recombinant adeno-associated virus- @entity1014 kinase (TK)-internal ribosome entry site (IRES)- @entity10120 (ES) (rAAV-TIE). METHODS: @entity150 cells of the line T24 were cultured and transfected with rAAV-ES, rAAV-MCS (blank virus), and rAAV-TIE respectively. 72 hours later the levels of ES in the supernatants were measured by ELISA and annexin V apoptosis test kit was used to examine the apoptosis. @entity1 umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were transfected with rAAV-ES, rAAV-TIE, and rAAV-MCS respectively. @entity98 method and flow cytometry were used to detect the apoptosis of the HUVECs. Balb/c nude @entity35 were inoculated subcutaneously with @entity1 cells. Twenty @entity35 with @entity5 were randomly divided into 4 equal groups to be treated by rAAV-MCS, rAAV-TK, rAAV-ES, or rAAV-TIE, and 5 @entity35 were used as control group. Four weeks later, blood samples were collected to detect the ES level by ELISA. The @entity5 were taken out to undergo microscopy to calculate the microvessel density(MVD). RESULTS: 72 h after transfection, ES could be detected in the supernatants of the @entity1 cells transfected with rAAV-ES, and rAAV-TIE. The apoptotic rates of the @entity1 cells transfected with rAAV-TK and rAAV-TIE were 34.12% and 36.91% respectively, significantly higher than those of the @entity1 cells transfected with rAAV-MCS and of the control group (3.08% and 0.84%, all P < 0.05). Transfection of rAAV-ES and rAAV-TIE increased the apoptotic rate of the HUVECs time-dependently. Nine days after the transfection rAAV-ES, rAAV-TK, rAAV-TIE, the @entity5 volumes of the rAAV-ES, rAAV-TK, and rAAV-TIE groups were (0.75 +/- 0.08), (0.71 +/- 0.11), and (0.52 +/- 0.09) cm(3) respectively, all significantly lower than those of the rAAV-MCS group and control group [(1.27 +/- 0.13) and (1.24 +/- 0.17) cm(3) respectively, all P < 0.05]. CONCLUSION: rAAV-TIE effectively inhibits the tumorigenesis and angiogenesis in @entity150 . Double targeting gene therapy against @entity150 can be achieved by using rAAV.

title: [Effects of double targeting gene therapy by suicide gene combined with @entity10120 gene in treatment of XXXX : an experimental study].

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['Bladder cancer', 'bladder cancer']

entities_list: @entity1014 :: ('MESH:D013936', 'Chemical') :: ['thymidine']

answer: @entity150 :: (MESH:D001749,Disease) :: ['bladder cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Non-muscle-invasive @entity150 (NMIBC) comprises a wide spectrum of @entity5 with different behaviors and prognoses. It follows that the surveillance for these @entity5 should be adapted according to the risks of recurrence and progression and should be dynamic in design. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Medline search was conducted from 1980 to 2016 using a combination of MeSH and keyword terms. The highest available evidence was reviewed to define different risk groups in NMIBC. The performance of different follow-up tools such as urine cytology, cystoscopy, and upper tract imaging in detecting @entity150 was assessed. Different commercially available urinary markers were investigated to determine whether such markers would contribute to the surveillance of @entity1 with NMIBC. A follow-up scheme based on the early evidence is proposed. RESULTS: A risk-based approach is paramount. Cystoscopy and cytology are recommended to be done at 3 months following transurethral resection of @entity150 . For @entity5 , annual cystoscopy alone is sufficient; no upper tract evaluations or cytology is needed except at diagnosis. High-risk @entity5 should be followed up with a more intense schedule: cystoscopy every 3 months for 2 years, 6 months for 2 years, and then annually, with cytology at frequent intervals, and imaging for upper tract evaluation at 1 year and then every 2 years. Intermediate-risk @entity5 should be subclassified as per the International @entity150 Group recommendations and when associated with 3 or more of the following findings ( @entity5 , size>= 3cm, early recurrence<1 year, frequent recurrences>1 per year) then a surveillance strategy similar to that of high risk should be followed. Several urine markers were more sensitive than cytology in the detection of NMIBC; however, these tests are still costly, require specialized laboratories, and do not replace cystoscopy. Until better and cheaper markers are available, their routine use has not been integrated in the follow-up recommendation of current guidelines. CONCLUSIONS: Surveillance of NMIBC should follow a risk-adapted approach, with a combination of cystoscopy, cytology, and upper tract imaging. The aim of this approach is to minimize the therapeutic burden of a disease with high recurrence rates without missing progressing @entity5 . When designing a diagnostic pathway, first-line diagnostic imaging tests should have high sensitivity to ensure disease positives are included in the test population for further investigation. Second-line investigations should be highly specific, to ensure false-positives are minimized.

title: Follow-up in non-muscle-invasive XXXX -International @entity150 Network recommendations.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['multiple tumors', 'low-risk tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder tumor', 'bladder carcinoma', 'Bladder Cancer', 'bladder cancer']

answer: @entity150 :: (MESH:D001749,Disease) :: ['bladder cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Cutaneous clear cell @entity13152 is an uncommon @entity5 which is not supposed to metastasize, contrary to its rare malignant counterpart, hidradenocarcinoma. We report the case of a 49-year-old @entity1 , who had had a stable inguinal lymph node enlargement for six years. An excision was performed and revealed an intra-nodal @entity5 , made of large clear cells with abundant cytoplasm and round nuclei without atypia or mitosis. The immunohistochemical staining showed diffuse positivity for keratin @entity1325 / @entity1326 , @entity4205 /6 and @entity4206 , and focal staining with @entity5822 , EMA and CEA, which underlined some ductular structures. @entity5 cells were negative for renal markers @entity15529 and @entity2282 . Ki67 stained less than 1% of @entity5 cells. A translocation involving @entity7094 gene was evidenced by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis. No primary @entity5 was found after extensive examination. Altogether, these results are in favor of an isolated nodal @entity13152 , for which we discuss two hypothesis: a primary @entity75 , or a      benign metastasis      of a @entity5 . Cases of morphologically benign @entity13152 with lymph node involvement are exceptional. Our case, like every other reported case, was associated with an excellent prognosis, supporting the idea that these @entity1 should not be overtreated.

title: LYMPH NODE LOCATION OF A CLEAR CELL HIDRADENOMA: REPORT OF A XXXX AND REVIEW OF LITERATURE.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'man']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cutaneous tumor', 'Tumor', 'benign adnexal tumor']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['nodal lesion']

entities_list: @entity13152 :: ('MESH:D018250', 'Disease') :: ['hidradenoma']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['PATIENT']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: In skeletal muscles, @entity592 inhibits the exercise-induced membrane translocation of @entity3240 . It has been postulated that the inhibitory action of @entity592 on @entity141 release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) causes inhibition of exercise-induced @entity413 uptake; however, the precise mechanism has not been adequately studied. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We discovered that @entity592 can bind to skeletal-type @entity31197 (sk- @entity31197 ) with photoreactive @entity592 derivatives. In sk- @entity31197 -deficient muscles, we examined the change in @entity413 uptake and the membrane translocation of @entity3240 . In addition, we examined the change in blood @entity413 and also measured the glycogen level in both isolated and in situ skeletal muscles after electrical stimulation using our mutant @entity19 . RESULTS: In sk- @entity31197 -deficient muscles, exercise-induced @entity413 uptake was totally abolished with no change in insulin-induced @entity413 uptake. The @entity141 release mechanism and its inhibition by @entity592 were completely preserved in these muscles. The expression of @entity3240 in the mutant muscles also appeared unchanged. Confocal imaging and results using the membrane isolation method showed that exercise/contraction did not enhance @entity3240 translocation in these sk- @entity31197 -deficient muscles under conditions of adequate muscle glycogen consumption. The blood @entity413 level in normal @entity19 was reduced by electrical stimulation of the hind limbs, but that in mutant @entity19 was unchanged. CONCLUSIONS: sk- @entity31197 is a novel @entity592 receptor that plays an important role in membrane translocation of @entity3240 induced by contraction/exercise. The 23-kDa sk- @entity31197 may also be involved in the regulation of @entity413 levels in the whole body.

title: Functional role of @entity31197 in membrane translocation of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity592 :: ('MESH:D003620', 'Chemical') :: ['dantrolene']

entities_list: @entity31197 :: ('20167(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['neuroendocrine-specific protein-like 1', 'NSPl1']

answer: @entity3240 :: (20528(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['GLUT4']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study is to determine the outcome and performance of @entity291 pericardial valves in the pulmonary position. METHODS: This is a retrospective review of all @entity1 with @entity299 who had @entity338 using a @entity291 pericardial valve from 2002 to 2009 at a single institution. RESULTS: There were 73 consecutive @entity1 , with a median age of 17.3 years (range, 2.1 to 64.4). Their diagnosis was @entity215 (n = 47), @entity849 (n = 11), or other (n = 15). Sixty-nine @entity1 had 91 previous surgical procedures. The mean time from last surgery was 19.9    11.6 years. Forty-three @entity1 had concomitant surgical procedures. There were no perioperative @entity204 . Clinical follow-up was available in 68 @entity1 (93%). There were no late @entity204 , and all @entity1 were in New York Heart Association functional class I during a median follow-up period of 2.6 years (range, 0.2 to 8.0). One @entity1 had @entity884 necessitating valve removal 2 years after surgery. Freedom from @entity338 was 100%, 97.7%, and 97.7% at 1, 3, and 5 years, respectively (95% confidence interval: 93.2% to 100%). Mean pulmonary valve gradient at follow-up was 19    14 mm Hg. Degree of @entity338 was less than moderate in 62 @entity1 , moderate in 4, and more than moderate in 2. Freedom from moderate-severe or severe @entity338 was 97.7%, 89.1%, and 89.1% at 1, 3, and 5 years, respectively (5-year 95% confidence interval: 77.0% to 100%). CONCLUSIONS: Pulmonary valve replacement using a @entity291 pericardial valve can be accomplished with @entity258 and favorable midterm outcomes. Further follow-up is necessary to evaluate the long-term performance of @entity291 pericardial valves in the pulmonary position.

title: Performance of XXXX pericardial valves in the pulmonary position.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity215 :: ('MESH:D013771', 'Disease') :: ['tetralogy of Fallot']

entities_list: @entity258 :: ('MESH:D009800', 'Disease') :: ['low perioperative morbidity']

entities_list: @entity338 :: ('MESH:D011665', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary insufficiency', 'pulmonary valve replacement', 'pulmonary valve reoperation']

entities_list: @entity849 :: ('MESH:D011666', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary stenosis']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['congenital heart disease']

entities_list: @entity884 :: ('MESH:D004696', 'Disease') :: ['endocarditis']

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['bovine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Severe @entity282 is not often experienced in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Anesthesia, surgery, and @entity158 are stressful and cause different reactions in neuro-immuno-endocrine systems. Many factors such as the pharmacological effect of the drugs used, as well as the type and depth of anesthesia, can affect these reactions. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the combination of general anesthesia and @entity1337 ( @entity1337 ) on cytokine reaction in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective, randomized clinical comparative study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty adult @entity1 scheduled for elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy were divided into four groups. Group saline (Group S), group @entity3575 (Group F), group @entity1341 (Group B), and group @entity1343 (Group L) were infused with saline, saline and @entity3575 , @entity1341 and @entity3575 , and @entity1343 and @entity3575 , respectively, via epidural catheter before surgical incision. RESULTS: There were no differences among groups in the demographic features, heart rate, mean arterial pressure, and peripheral @entity26 saturation values. Group L had lower visual analogue scale value compared to the other postoperative groups (P < 0.01). In all groups, @entity650 ( @entity650 ), @entity687 , and @entity688 levels started to increase at 2 h and returned to the basal level at 24 h. IL levels increased in most of the epidural saline-administered group compared to other groups (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Combined general anesthesia and @entity1337 provided @entity158 control and hemodynamic stability more efficiently during the first 24 h of the intraoperative and postoperative period by suppressing cytokine levels. However, we determined that this effect was more obvious with the local anesthetic and opioid combination.

title: Effects of combined general anesthesia and XXXX on cytokine response in @entity1 undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity1337 :: ('MESH:D000699', 'Disease') :: ['TEA', 'thoracic epidural analgesia']

entities_list: @entity1341 :: ('MESH:D002045', 'Chemical') :: ['bupivacaine']

entities_list: @entity1343 :: ('MESH:C476513', 'Chemical') :: ['levobupivacaine']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative pain']

entities_list: @entity3575 :: ('MESH:D005283', 'Chemical') :: ['fentanyl']

answer: @entity1337 :: (MESH:D000699,Disease) :: ['thoracic epidural analgesia']


abstract: Granular cell change in @entity1491 ( @entity1491 ) occurs rarely. Only 11 such cases have been reported; all of them were solitary nodular @entity1491 . We report herein a case of multiple granular cell @entity1491 with infundibulocystic features. The @entity5 presented as papules on the anterior neck of a 44-year-old female with a prior history of a well-differentiated @entity957 ( @entity957 ) of the tongue and radiation involving the area in which @entity1491 developed. Microscopically, the @entity5 were circumscribed small dermal nodules composed of epithelial cords with granular eosinophilic cytoplasm and entrapped infundibular keratocysts. Given the eosinophilic appearance of the @entity5 , history of @entity957 and the lesions multiplicity, the initial biopsy was first interpreted as metastatic @entity957 . The correct diagnosis of granular cell @entity1491 was established upon rereview of the slides at a @entity5 center. Given the diagnostic controversy, immunohistochemical stains were performed. The @entity5 cells expressed Ber- @entity2912 , @entity5775 (NKI/C3) and @entity469 . The @entity5 were compared to the prior @entity957 finding different morphologies. Extensive clinical evaluation showed no evidence of recurrent @entity957 . This report expands the clinicopathologic spectrum of granular cell variant of @entity1491 and documents for the first time eruption of @entity5 in a localized area.

title: Multiple lesions of granular cell XXXX : a case report.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'multiple such tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma', 'SCC']

entities_list: @entity1491 :: ('MESH:D002280', 'Disease') :: ['basal cell carcinoma', 'BCC']

answer: @entity1491 :: (MESH:D002280,Disease) :: ['basal cell carcinoma']


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cross-sectional study. PURPOSE: To investigate the relationship between ligamentum flavum (LF) @entity1184 and @entity1347 . OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE: The pathogenesis of LF thickening is unclear and whether the thickening results from tissue @entity1184 or buckling remains controversial. METHODS: 296 consecutive @entity1 underwent assessment of the lumbar spine by radiographic and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Of these @entity1 , 39 with normal L4-L5 disc height were selected to exclude LF buckling as one component of @entity1184 . The study group included 27 @entity1 and 12 @entity1 , with an average age of 61.2 years (range, 23-81 years). @entity1797 and LF thickness were quantified on MRI. Lumbar segmental spine instability and presence of a vacuum phenomenon were identified on radiographic images. RESULTS: The distribution of @entity1797 and LF thickness included @entity528 in 4 @entity1 , with a mean LF thickness of 2.43  0.20 mm; grade III in 10 @entity1 , 3.01  0.41 mm; and grade IV in 25 @entity1 , 4.16  1.12 mm. LF thickness significantly increased with grade of @entity1797 and was significantly correlated with age (r=0.55, p<0.01). Logistic regression analysis identified predictive effects of segmental angulation (odds ratio [OR]=1.55, p=0.014) and age (OR=1.16, p=0.008). CONCLUSIONS: Age-related @entity1797 , combined with continuous lumbar segmental flexion-extension motion, leads to the development of @entity1184 .

title: Analysis of the Relationship between XXXX of the Ligamentum Flavum and Lumbar Segmental Motion with Aging Process.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['LF hypertrophy', 'hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity1347 :: ('MESH:C537775', 'Disease') :: ['lumbar segmental motion']

entities_list: @entity1797 :: ('MESH:D055959', 'Disease') :: ['increases in disc degeneration', 'Disc degeneration', 'disc degeneration']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['grade II degeneration']

answer: @entity1184 :: (MESH:D006984,Disease) :: ['Hypertrophy']


abstract: The "crossroads families" are caught between old value systems and American mainstream goals. Traditional family and sex-related roles and orientations conflict with those of the new social system. In turn, neither of the teenager's orientations--toward home or toward peer activity--is validated. In the clinical case presented, Anna, at adolescence, wants to relinquish many of her household chores and enter her social world more fully. She needs unconflictual support for such a move. If this does not take place, her autonomous movement represents an unconscious betrayal of her depleted and controlling mother as well as an abandonment of the parental coalition. This leaves her feeling resentful, guilty, and ultimately unlovable. Attitudes marked by helplessness and @entity911 are thus significant to the @entity308 affect that brings this teenager into family therapy. Teenagers of non-Hispanic background who enter family therapy reveal gross overlap with teenagers of the Hispanic "crossroads" family model. Here, the family gives mixed messages for homebound and intimate closeness as well as accomplishment in the societal mainstream. A primary difference between ethnic groups involves the freer expressions of anger and @entity158 between husband and wife in the non-Hispanic families. This is not similar to the backgrounds of the more individuated Hispanic teenagers. While more open expressions of anger within the family do indicate higher levels of autonomy, the hostility that is expressed by the parents presents serious complications when this includes "triangulating" the @entity1 into the family tension. Here, as cited, the mother often uses her daughter as a confidant and ally at times of severe parental discord. This places additional strain on the @entity1 's conflict with separation. Importantly, the daughter experiences renewed rejection and betrayal when the mother "submits" to her spouse. These are significant family processes that heighten mixed messages around autonomy. Milagros, a @entity308 (more individuated) adolescent, is consistently entangled into her parent's abrasive relationship. Her interpersonal family struggles have become intrapsychic and, ultimately, transferential.

title: Teenage XXXX : a cultural-interpersonal-intrapsychic perspective.

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressed']

entities_list: @entity911 :: ('MESH:D003221', 'Disease') :: ['confusion']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['depression']


abstract: The combination of @entity5003 and @entity58 stimulates the proliferation of certain @entity19 T cell populations. Although this effect has been best characterized for a number of @entity19 type 2 Th cell (Th2) clones, the mechanism(s) by which these cytokines effect this response is unclear. We have examined the effects of @entity5003 and @entity58 on @entity10496 expression by MD10 cells, and @entity5003 -responsive @entity19 T cell line. These cells bear specific @entity10496 , which bind @entity1 and @entity19 @entity634 . The measured apparent @entity10496 dissociation constant ranged from 41 to 255 pM using 125I-HrIL-1 alpha. Cross-linking studies demonstrated two different 125I-HrIL-1 alpha binding complexes having Mr of 70,000 and 130,000 to 156,000. When removed from passage conditions and placed in non-growth factor-supplemented media, MD10 @entity10496 expression spontaneously increased two- to fourfold over the first 11 to 12 h of culture followed by a decline. This phenomenon is partially inhibitable by @entity1880 suggesting that protein synthesis is involved. In agreement with other reports, HrIL-1 alpha down-regulated the expression of its own receptor with an ED50 of between 1 and 10 pM HrIL-1 alpha for this effect. In most experiments, low amounts of HrIL-1 alpha (1.0, 0.1 pM) significantly augmented @entity10496 expression. Scatchard analysis of data obtained with all HrIL-1 alpha treatment conditions showed that the effects were due to a change in receptor number, not affinity. Significantly, purified @entity19 @entity58 (MpIL-4) augmented MD10 @entity10496 expression in both a time- and dose-dependent fashion. In the presence of 50 U/ml MpIL-4, MD10 @entity10496 expression increased two- to threefold after 24 h without a change in receptor affinity. When MpIL-4 (50 U/ml) and various amounts of HrIL-1 alpha (.01-1000 pM) were co-added, the down-regulatory effect of high levels of HrIL-1 alpha was significantly antagonized. When added to cultures after 24 h of HrIL-1 alpha (100 pM) treatment, MpIL-4 reversed the @entity10496 down-regulatory effect induced by high levels of HrIL-1 alpha. Finally, when combined in MD10 proliferation assays, MpIL-4 synergistically enhanced the proliferation of MD10 cells treated with suboptimal levels of HrIL-1 alpha.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: XXXX and @entity58 modulate @entity5003 receptor expression in a @entity19 T cell line.

entities_list: @entity1880 :: ('MESH:D003513', 'Chemical') :: ['cycloheximide']

answer: @entity5003 :: (111343(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['IL-1']


abstract: Initial selection and early deployment of appropriate/adequate empiric antimicrobial therapy is critical to minimize the significant morbidity and mortality associated with hospital- or @entity281 ( @entity281 ). Initial empiric therapy that inadequately covers the pathogen(s) causing a serious HAI has been associated with increased mortality, longer hospital stay, and elevated healthcare costs. Moreover, subsequent modification of initial inadequate therapy, later in the disease process when culture results become available, may not remedy the impact of the initial choice. Because of this, it is important that initial empiric therapy covers the most likely pathogens associated with @entity281 in a particular @entity1 , even if this initial regimen turns out to be unnecessarily broad, based on subsequent culture results. The current paradigm for management of serious @entity281 is to initiate empiric therapy with a broad-spectrum regimen covering likely pathogens, based on local surveillance and susceptibility data, and presence of risk factors for involvement of a resistant microorganism. Subsequent modification (de-escalation) of the initial regimen becomes possible later, when culture results are available and clinical status can be better assessed, 2 to 4 days after initiation of empiric therapy. When possible, de-escalation and other steps to modify antimicrobial exposure are important for minimizing risk of antimicrobial resistance development. This article examines the general process for selection of initial empiric antibiotic therapy for @entity1 with @entity281 , illustrated through 3 case studies dealing with healthcare-associated @entity55 , @entity1320 , and catheter-associated @entity2259 , respectively. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2012;7:S2-S12.    2012 Society of Hospital Medicine.

title: Empiric antibiotic selection strategies for healthcare-associated @entity55 , XXXX , and catheter-associated @entity2259 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['healthcare-associated infections', 'infection', 'HAIs']

entities_list: @entity1320 :: ('MESH:D059413', 'Disease') :: ['complicated intra-abdominal infection']

entities_list: @entity2259 :: ('MESH:D016470', 'Disease') :: ['bacteremia']

answer: @entity1320 :: (MESH:D059413,Disease) :: ['intra-abdominal infections']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity2067 antagonist (VKA) treatment is associated with significant risks and requires strict monitoring by measuring the international normalized ratio (INR), either by conventional methods or by self-measurement under medical supervision. We present a case of @entity1939 occurring secondary to a moderate @entity542 , in a pediatric setting with no VKA therapeutic education. CASE REPORT: A 7-year-old @entity1 with a single ventricle had been operated on for a total cavopulmonary shunt at the age of 5 years. He took VKA therapy with an INR target between 2 and 3. After a @entity542 , he had a frontal @entity1410 . His parents did not request a medical exam and did not check his INR. Six days after the injury, the INR was 2.23. The parents went to the emergency ward because the @entity1 had bilateral orbital @entity1410 . At admission, the INR was 5.6. The orbital @entity1410 was surgically evacuated in the emergency setting. @entity1939 occurred and remains a sequelae of the @entity1445 . COMMENTS AND CONCLUSION: VKA treatment requires close supervision to prevent @entity1445 , whose complications such as internal bleeding can have terrible consequences such as the case of @entity1939 reported herein. This case report is a strong argument in favor of an educational program for @entity1 with VKA treatment.

title: [ @entity2067 antagonist @entity1445 induced @entity1939 in an XXXX : an argument for a therapeutic educational program].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'child']

entities_list: @entity2067 :: ('MESH:D014812', 'Chemical') :: ['Vitamin K']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['head trauma', 'head injury']

entities_list: @entity1939 :: ('MESH:D001766', 'Disease') :: ['Unilateral blindness', 'blindness']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['infant']


abstract: We investigated the periodicity of @entity3965 and @entity3964 incidence in time-series of @entity311 data (1990-2010) from three endemic regions in Venezuela. In particular, we determined whether disease epidemics were related to local climate variability and regional climate anomalies such as the El Ni  o Southern Oscillation (ENSO). @entity311 periodicity was found to exhibit unique features in each studied region. Significant multi-annual cycles of 2- to about 6-year periods were identified. The inter-annual variability of @entity311 cases was coherent with that of SSTs (ENSO), mainly at temporal scales within the 3-6 year periods. Additionally, @entity311 cases were intensified approximately 1 year after an El Ni  o event, a pattern that highlights the role of climate inter-annual variability in the epidemic patterns. Rainfall mediated the effect of ENSO on @entity311 locally. Particularly, rains from the last phase of the season had a critical role in the temporal dynamics of @entity3964 . The @entity311 -climate relationship was complex and transient, varying in strength with the region and species. By identifying temporal cycles of @entity311 we have made a first step in predicting high-risk years in Venezuela. Our findings emphasize the importance of analyzing high-resolution spatial-temporal data to better understand @entity311 transmission dynamics.

title: The periodicity of @entity3965 and XXXX in Venezuela.

entities_list: @entity311 :: ('MESH:D008288', 'Disease') :: ['Malaria', 'malaria']

entities_list: @entity3965 :: ('5855', 'Species') :: ['Plasmodium vivax']

entities_list: @entity3964 :: ('5833', 'Species') :: ['P. falciparum', 'Plasmodium']

answer: @entity3964 :: (5833,Species) :: ['Plasmodium falciparum']


abstract: Purpose. To compare the results of secondary alveolar bone grafts in @entity1 with complete @entity3384 and @entity3384 using 2 radiographic scales and according to the rate of @entity235 @entity203 through the newly formed bone. Materials and Methods. We analyzed pre- and postoperative radiographs of 36 @entity1 for the amount of bone in the cleft site according to the Bergland and Chelsea scales. The associations between the variables and the correlation between the scales were measured. Results. A total of 54.2% and 20.8% of cases were classified as type I and type II, respectively, using the Bergland scale, whereas 50% and 22.5% were classified as types A and C, respectively, using the Chelsea scale. A positive correlation between the 2 scales was observed. In 33.3% of males, 58.3% of females, 54.5% of unilateral cleft cases, and 12.5% of bilateral cleft cases, the permanent @entity235 had erupted. Bone grafts performed prior to @entity235 @entity203 achieved more satisfactory results. Conclusions. Our results suggest that both radiographic scales are important tools for the evaluation of bone grafts. Additionally, longer time periods of evaluation were associated with improved results for @entity1 with secondary alveolar bone grafts.

title: Clinical and Radiographic Assessment of Secondary Bone Graft Outcomes in @entity3384 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity203 :: ('MESH:D003875', 'Disease') :: ['eruption']

entities_list: @entity3384 :: ('MESH:D002971', 'Disease') :: ['cleft lip', 'cleft lip and palate']

entities_list: @entity235 :: ('9615', 'Species') :: ['canine', 'canines']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The management of urinary clot retention and @entity811 involves manual irrigation with sterile water or normal saline via a Foley catheter followed by continuous bladder irrigation. Irrigation may become difficult because of the formation of dense @entity4461 . @entity1456 ( @entity3479 /Alteplase) may be a useful pharmacological agent to improve the efficacy of manual irrigation of large, dense clots. The goal of the current study was to compare @entity3479 to sterile water for clot irrigation in an in vitro model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In vitro models of clot retention were created using 500-cc urinary leg bags each filled with 80 cc of unpreserved whole blood from a healthy volunteer. Each model was incubated at 25 degrees C for 24 hours to allow clot formation. Four models each with 25 mL solution of @entity3479 at concentrations of 2, 1, 0.5, and 0.25 mg/mL were evaluated and compared to a control (25 mL sterile water). Models were instilled with solution ( @entity3479 or control) and incubated for 30 minutes at 37 degrees C, and then irrigated with sterile water via 18F Foley by a blinded investigator. Three separate experiments were conducted, and statistical analysis was performed comparing various irrigation parameters. RESULTS: Clot evacuation with 25 mL of @entity3479 at a concentration of 2 mg/mL (50 mg) was significantly easier (p = 0.05) and faster (p < 0.05) than the sterile water control. The mean time for clot evacuation in this model was 2.7 minutes for @entity3479 solution 2 mg/mL versus 7.3 minutes for the control (p < 0.05). Compared to the control, irrigation with @entity3479 solution 2 mg/mL also required less irrigant (180 mL vs. 500 mL) (p < 0.05) for complete evacuation. There was a similar trend in efficacy for the lower doses of @entity3479 , but this was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: In this in vitro study, a single 25 mL instillation of @entity3479 solution 2 mg/mL is significantly better than sterile water alone for clot evacuation. In vivo animal studies are pending.

title: Pilot study of Alteplase ( XXXX ) for treatment of urinary clot retention in an in vitro model.

entities_list: @entity811 :: ('MESH:D006417', 'Disease') :: ['hematuria']

entities_list: @entity1456 :: ('100128998', 'Gene') :: ['Tissue plasminogen activator']

entities_list: @entity4461 :: ('MESH:D020141', 'Disease') :: ['blood clots']

answer: @entity1456 :: (100128998,Gene) :: ['tissue plasminogen activator']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity2530 of femoral head (ONFH) leads to @entity570 ( @entity570 ); among joint preserving treatments (JPT), the role of @entity5663 ( @entity5663 ) is still debated. We assessed the efficacy of @entity5663 compared with all other JPT in delaying the natural @entity2530 evolution to @entity570 . SOURCES OF DATA: Following the PRISMA checklist, the Medline and Scopus databases were searched. Fifteen- to 70-year-old subjects with ONFH with a minimum follow-up of 24 months were considered. The outcomes evaluated were @entity1 clinical status, radiographic progression and @entity572 ( @entity572 ) or further surgery (FS) need. Risk ratio (RR) was calculated for every outcome reported. RCT, CCT and prospective studies were included. AREAS OF AGREEMENT: A total of 12 studies (776 @entity1 ) met the inclusion criteria. Clinical outcome (RR = 1.14; 95% CI 0.58-2.32; P = 0.05), radiographic progression (RR = 1.64; 95% CI 1.14-2.35; P = 0.05) and the need for @entity572 /FS (RR = 1.52; 95% CI 0.95-2.45; P = 0.05) suggested a slight superiority of other JPT compared with @entity5663 . AREAS OF CONTROVERSY: High heterogeneity of the primary investigations was the main limitation of our study. GROWING POINTS: The efficacy and effectiveness of @entity5663 for ONFH are, at best, no better than other joint preserving strategies. The more recent scientific evidence seems to suggest that such procedure is less successful than other joint preserving strategies. AREAS TIMELY FOR DEVELOPING RESEARCH: Further studies are needed to identify the best therapeutic approach to the ONFH.

title: Core decompression versus other joint preserving treatments for XXXX of the femoral head: a meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2530 :: ('MESH:D010020', 'Disease') :: ['Osteonecrosis', 'osteonecrosis']

entities_list: @entity5663 :: ('MESH:D003665', 'Disease') :: ['CD', 'core decompression']

entities_list: @entity572 :: ('MESH:D006617', 'Disease') :: ['THA', 'total hip arthroplasty']

entities_list: @entity570 :: ('MESH:D015207', 'Disease') :: ['hip osteoarthritis', 'HOA']

answer: @entity2530 :: (MESH:D010020,Disease) :: ['osteonecrosis']


abstract: Ninety five samples of various Egyptian feedstuffs were investigated for the @entity4078 , B2, G1, and G2 means thin layer chromatography (TLC). Out of these samples 44.2% were positive ( @entity2829 , @entity579 crack, @entity579 germ, @entity579 germ cake, @entity579 bran, @entity3505 bran, @entity2708 seed, @entity2708 seed cake, peanut, and mixed feed for broilers, egg production, @entity291 fattening and milk production). High percentage (90.5%) of the positive samples were contaminated with less than 100 ppb total aflatoxins. Peanut from "Ismailia" showed the highest contamination-mean of 400 ppb @entity4078 . The contamination relationship between kernels and shell of the same pods of the peanut was 1:7. The lowest contamination-mean was 5 ppb B1 in soya bean samples. All samples of @entity1641 bean and fish meal were negative. @entity4078 was present alone so frequently (in 76.2% of the positive samples). The relationship between the concentrations of aflatoxins B2:G1:B1 was 1:2.3:22.4. 51 different samples of foods and feeds from various Egyptian regions were collected and investigated for the nephrotoxic mycotoxin @entity26244 means TLC. Twelve samples (23.5%) from them were designated as positive samples. The positive samples belonged to white @entity2829 , @entity3505 , @entity3505 bran, beans, @entity579 germ, @entity579 germ cake, broilers feed, egg production feed, and milk production feed; whereas the yellow @entity2829 (hybrid), soya beans, @entity3505 soya meal, @entity579 crack, @entity2708 seed, @entity2708 seed cake, and fish meal samples were negative. The contamination range was from 4 ppb to 577 ppb with an average of 58.2 +/- 22.9 ppb. Half of the positive samples was contaminated with 10-100 ppb whereas 41.7% from the positive samples had less than 10 ppb and 8.3% only had more than 100 ppb. Citrinin is existing in Egyptian food and feedstuffs. Out of 52 different samples--from various Egyptian regions-15.4% were positive. These were @entity579 bran, @entity579 germ, @entity2829 (white), @entity3505 bran, @entity2708 seed cake and fish meal. The highest contamination was in fish meal (40-70 ppb) whereas the lowest was in @entity3505 bran (3 ppb). Mean of the contamination level was 25.9 +/- 3.4 ppb with a range of 3-70 ppb. For the first time in the Egyptian foods and feeds will be informed about the presence of the mycotoxin @entity12071 with a high concentration. From several Egyptian places, 64 samples were collected (4 samples for each food or feed stuff).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: Occurrence of some mycotoxins (aflatoxin, @entity26244 , citrinin, XXXX and vomitoxin) in various Egyptian feeds.

entities_list: @entity26244 :: ('MESH:C025589', 'Chemical') :: ['ochratoxin A']

entities_list: @entity12071 :: ('MESH:D015025', 'Chemical') :: ['zearalenone']

entities_list: @entity4078 :: ('MESH:D016604', 'Chemical') :: ['Aflatoxin B1', 'aflatoxin B1']

answer: @entity12071 :: (MESH:D015025,Chemical) :: ['zearalenone']


abstract: We experienced a case of @entity583 associated with @entity3126 in a @entity1 with @entity1475 probably due to @entity29484 and @entity3774 (PGF2 alpha) administered during the operation. A 26-year-old @entity1 was scheduled to have curettage for @entity1475 under general anesthesia. She had no previous history of @entity66 . During the operation, 0.4 mg of @entity29484 was administered intravenously to induce uterine contraction. Because the contraction was not sufficient, 2 mg of PGF2 alpha was given into the uterine muscle. A few minutes later blood pressure and heart rate increased abruptly and arterial blood gas analysis showed @entity519 and @entity12906 . @entity3126 was confirmed by chest X-P. After ordinary treatment for @entity3126 , she was transferred to ICU. Postoperative examinations of ECG, serum enzymes and echocardiography revealed @entity1188 . About one month later, @entity29484 test was performed during coronary angiography and this induced @entity3361 . PGF2 alpha is also known to cause peripheral as well as pulmonary vasoconstriction. Acute @entity583 induced by @entity29484 and PGF2 alpha may be a possible cause of this episode.

title: [A case of @entity583 associated with @entity3126 during curettage for XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity29484 :: ('MESH:D008755', 'Chemical') :: ['methylergometrin']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['cardiopulmonary disease']

entities_list: @entity3126 :: ('MESH:D011654', 'Disease') :: ['Pulmonary edema', 'pulmonary edema']

entities_list: @entity12906 :: ('MESH:D000142', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory acidosis']

entities_list: @entity3361 :: ('MESH:D003329', 'Disease') :: ['coronary vasospasm']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['anterior subendocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity1475 :: ('MESH:D006828', 'Disease') :: ['hydatidiform mole']

entities_list: @entity3774 :: ('MESH:D015237', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandin F2 alpha']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity1475 :: (MESH:D006828,Disease) :: ['hydatidiform mole']


abstract: We studied reflexive and predictive saccades by direct current electro-oculography in nine @entity1 with mild @entity191 ( @entity191 ) and in 16 age-matched controls. In five @entity1 , the @entity16 was predominant on the right side of the body (RPD) and in four @entity1 , on the left side ( @entity6572 ). Reflexive saccades were elicited in response to the random appearance (timing and location) of a light-emitting diode (LED). Predictive saccades were elicited by alternatively illuminating LEDs at 10 degrees right and left, at various fixed frequencies (0.25-1 Hz). In the reflexive task, latency and amplitude of the saccades were normal in both PD groups. In the predictive task, mean saccade latency was not significantly different between @entity1 and normals but there were two significant abnormalities in timing: first, but only in @entity6572 , a directional asymmetry in latency (left greater than right, e.g. at 0.25 Hz, mean difference of 90 ms); secondly, especially in RPD, an abnormal tracking pattern, reflected by more variability of the mean value (for each group of @entity1 ) of saccade latency at each point in time, throughout a period of tracking at a given frequency. Predictive saccades were also strongly hypometric in both PD groups but especially in @entity6572 (e.g. for rightwards saccades: controls = 19 degrees, SD = 1.6; @entity6572 = 14 degrees, SD = 2.7; RPD = 15.7 degrees, SD = 2.3). These defects in saccadic timing and amplitude during predictive tracking were most salient at low frequencies. While these defects were largely bilateral, our findings suggest slightly different contributions of the right and left cerebral hemispheres to the spatial and timing components, respectively, that comprise optimal predictive saccadic behaviour.

title: Abnormalities of predictive saccades in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological syndrome']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ['hemi-PD', "hemi-Parkinson's disease"]

answer: @entity191 :: (MESH:D010300,Disease) :: ['hemi-Parkinson's disease']


abstract: This work was carried out in orchards of guava progenies, and loquat and @entity2486 cultivars, in Monte Alegre do Sul, SP, Brazil, in 2002 and 2003. Guavas and loquats were bagged and unbagged bi-weekly and weekly, respectively, for assessment of the @entity277 period. @entity2486 was only bagged weekly. The assays started when the fruits were at the beginning of development, but still green. Ripe fruits were taken to the laboratory and placed individually into plastic cups. McPhail plastic traps containing torula @entity375 were hung from January 2002 to January 2004 to assess the @entity238 population in each orchard, but only the @entity19428 population is here discussed. Five tephritid species were reared from the fruits: Anastrepha bistrigata Bezzi, A. fraterculus (Wiedemann), A. obliqua (Macquart), A. sororcula Zucchi, and @entity19428 , in addition to six lonchaeid species: Neosilba certa (Walker), N. glaberrima (Wiedemann), N. pendula (Bezzi), N. zadolicha McAlpine and Steyskal, Neosilba sp. 4, and Neosilba sp. 10 (both species are in the process of being described by P. C. Strikis), as well as some unidentified Neosilba species. Ten parasitoid species were obtained from @entity238 puparia, of which five were braconids: Asobara anastrephae (Muesebeck), Doryctobracon areolatus (Sz  pligeti), D. brasiliensis (Sz  pligeti), Opius bellus Gahan, and Utetes anastrephae (Viereck), and five figitids: Aganaspis pelleranoi (Br  thes), Dicerataspis grenadensis Ashmead, Lopheucoila anastrephae (Rhower), Leptopilina boulardi (Barbotin, Carlton and Kelner-Pillaut), and Trybliographa infuscata Diaz, Gallardo and Uch  a. @entity19428 showed a seasonal behavior with population density peaking at the second semester of each year. Anastrepha and Neosilba species remained in the orchards throughout both years.

title: Diversity and seasonality of XXXX (Diptera: Tephritidae and Lonchaeidae) and their parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae and Figitidae) in orchards of guava, loquat and @entity2486 .

entities_list: @entity277 :: ('MESH:D013984', 'Disease') :: ['infestation']

entities_list: @entity19428 :: ('7213', 'Species') :: ['C. capitata', 'Ceratitis capitata']

answer: @entity238 :: (7227,Species) :: ['fruit flies']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The objective of the study was to test the hypothesis that elevated red cell distribution width (RDW) at admission increases the risk of mortality in older @entity1 admitted to the @entity341 ( @entity341 ). METHODS: We performed a retrospective analysis of @entity1 admitted to the @entity341 between May 2013 and October 2013. We included @entity1 who were older than 65  years who visited the @entity341 with any medical problems. Baseline RDW values were measured at the time of admission to the @entity341 . The primary outcome was all-cause in-hospital mortality. Multivariate logistic analysis was performed. RESULTS: A total of 1,990 @entity1 were finally included in this study. The mean age was 75  years (SD 7), and 936 (47  %) subjects were male. The in-hospital mortality rate was 3.76  % (74 @entity1 ). RDW values higher in non-survivors than in survivors (15.9        2.5 vs. 13.8        1.7, p   <   0.001). Multivariate logistic analysis showed that RDW was associated with all-cause in-hospital mortality after adjusting for other confounding factors. DISCUSSION: RDW value at admission is an independent predictor of all-cause in-hospital mortality among @entity1 older than 65 years. After adjustment for multiple confounders, the all-cause in-hospital mortality rate increased by 21.8% for each 1% increase in RDW. CONCLUSION: These results show that RDW at admission is associated with in-hospital mortality among @entity1 older than 65. Thus, RDW at admission may represent a surrogate marker of disease severity. We caution against using these findings to aid clinical decision-making process until they are externally validated.

title: The association of Red cell distribution width and in-hospital mortality in older adults admitted to the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['emergency department', 'ED']

answer: @entity341 :: (MESH:D004630,Disease) :: ['emergency department']


abstract: @entity7298 is a frequent symptom in @entity1 with @entity6038 ( @entity6038 ) and results in marked @entity28 with the risk of @entity65 . Previously, we reported that our special diet for @entity6038 @entity1 is effective in the long run, if started early at about 2 years of age. Our objective in this study was to investigate if our special diet is also effective in @entity6038 adolescents who are already overweight. We provided a strict, fat-reduced, and @entity1735 -modified diet, consisting of 10 kcal/cm height, to five adolescents (two female, three male) with @entity6038 . @entity1 were prospectively followed at our center for 2-6 years. BMI, BMI- @entity214 , and Weight-for-Height Index were recorded over that period. The special diet was started at a mean age of 16 years (range: 14.1-18.9 years) and initial BMI was 41.3 kg/m(2) (range: 32.4-55.5 kg/m(2)), corresponding to BMI- @entity214 +3.6 (range: +2.8 to +4.5 @entity214 ). Weight-for-Height Index was 243% (range: 190-339%). After 2 years of the diet, BMI decreased to 33 kg/m(2) (range: 26.7-38 kg/m(2)), as well as BMI- @entity214 +2.7 (range: 1.7-3.4 @entity214 ) and Weight-for-Height Index to 191% (range: 157-232%); p < 0.01. The special diet was still effective in reducing weight after 4-6 years, with a mean BMI of 30.5 kg/m(2) (range: 24.6-34.5 kg/m(2)) and a mean BMI- @entity214 of +2.1 (range: 0.7-2.9). We conclude that in a period of 2-6 years, our strict, fat-reduced, and @entity1735 -modified diet, with 10 kcal/cm height, is effective even in adolescents with @entity6038 who are already overweight.

title: A special, strict, fat-reduced, and @entity1735 -modified diet leads to marked weight reduction even in overweight adolescents with XXXX ( @entity6038 ).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity7298 :: ('MESH:D006963', 'Disease') :: ['Hyperphagia']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity6038 :: ('MESH:D011218', 'Disease') :: ['Prader-Willi Syndrome', 'PWS']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic and cardiovascular complications']

answer: @entity6038 :: (MESH:D011218,Disease) :: ['Prader-Willi syndrome']


abstract: In the isolated, perfused lung lobe of the ferret we evaluated the bronchoconstrictor response of its airways to @entity2710 and @entity112 , pharmacologic agents associated with the @entity748 state. The bronchus of excised lobes was cannulated and needle scarifications were made on the pleural surface to allow perfusate to exit. Lung airways were perfused at constant flow with equilibrated 95% O2/5% @entity515 , warmed Krebs-Ringers solution. Perfusion pressure was measured as a gauge of airway resistance. A concentration-dependent smooth muscle contraction of the ferret lung lobes was observed to @entity2710 and @entity112 . The ED50's of @entity2710 and @entity112 were 6.41 x 10(-6) M +/- 1.38 x 10(-6) (SEM) and 6.41 x 10(-6) M +/- 1.38 x 10(-6) (SEM) and 2.39 x 10(-6) M +/- 0.53 x 10(-6) (SEM), respectively. The maximum level of bronchoconstriction developed in the ferret (2.42 mmHg/ml/min +/- 0.28 SEM (resistance units] in response to @entity2710 , was six times greater than that found for @entity112 (0.42 mmHg/ml/min +/- 0.05 SEM). Responses to both agonists were less pronounced in the ferret lung preparation than those in a similar lung preparation of @entity840 . Compliance changes in both animals were also evaluated. The ferret did not demonstrate a compliance change in response to @entity112 as was seen for @entity2710 , suggesting that resistance changes precede compliance changes, or that the ferret airways are particularly resistant to @entity112 . Despite a lesser contractile response, the ferret has the advantage of a relatively large lung and long trachea that allow study in several preparations obtained from a single animal. It should prove a useful animal model for study of pulmonary pharmacology.

title: Large and small airway responses to bronchoconstrictors in the XXXX and ferret.

entities_list: @entity748 :: ('MESH:D013224', 'Disease') :: ['asthmatic']

entities_list: @entity112 :: ('MESH:D006632', 'Chemical') :: ['histamine']

entities_list: @entity2710 :: ('MESH:D016210', 'Chemical') :: ['methacholine']

answer: @entity840 :: (10141,Species) :: ['guinea pig']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Statins are widely prescribed for the primary prevention of @entity65 . Guidelines exist for statin prescriptions, but there is little recent analysis concerning prescription trends over time and how these vary with respect to demographic variables. METHODS AND RESULTS: Using The Health Improvement Network primary care database, statin therapy initiation and statin prescription prevalence rates were calculated using data from 7,027,711 individuals across the UK for the years 1995 to 2013, overall and stratified by sex, age group, and socioeconomic deprivation level (Townsend score). Statin therapy initiation rates rose sharply from 1995 (0.51 per 1,000 @entity1 -years) up to 2006 (19.83 per 1,000 @entity1 -years) and thereafter declined (10.76 per 1,000 @entity1 -years in 2013). Males had higher initiation rates than females and individuals aged 60-85 years had higher initiation rates than younger or more elderly age groups. Initiation rates were slightly higher as social deprivation level increased, after accounting for age and sex. Prescription prevalence increased sharply from 1995 (2.36 per 1,000 @entity1 -years) to 2013 (128.03 per 1,000 @entity1 -years) with males generally having a higher prevalence rate, over time, than females. Prevalence rates over time were generally higher for older age groups but were similar with respect to social deprivation level. CONCLUSION: The uptake of statins within UK primary care has increased greatly over time with statins being more commonly prescribed to older @entity1 in general and, in recent years, males appear to have been prescribed @entity6817 at higher rates than females. After accounting for age and sex, the statin therapy initiation rate increases with the level of social deprivation.

title: Time trends in the prescription of statins for the primary prevention of XXXX in the United Kingdom: a cohort study using The Health Improvement Network primary care data.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'person']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity65 :: (MESH:D002318,Disease) :: ['cardiovascular disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity788 is an extremely aggressive @entity5 . Subjects are afflicted with a variety of disconcerting symptoms, including profound @entity3085 . Recent data indicate that the outcome of oncological @entity1 suffering from @entity5 could be improved by @entity3147 and that @entity3147 results in an improvement of quality of life and in prolonged survival. Currently, there is no recommendation of routine use of @entity3147 . Furthermore, there is no clear recommendation for 2nd line therapy (or higher) for @entity788 but often asked for. METHODS/DESIGN: PANUSCO is an open label, controlled, prospective, randomized, multicentre phase IIIb trial with two parallel arms. All @entity1 will be treated with @entity1487 , @entity4181 and @entity901 on an outpatient basis at the study sites. Additionally, all @entity1 will receive best supportive nutritional care (BSNC). In the experimental group BSNC will be expanded with @entity3147 ( @entity3147 ). In contrast, @entity1 in the control group obtain solely BSNC. Parenteral nutrition will be applied overnight and at home by experienced medical staff. A total of 120 @entity1 are planned to be enrolled. Primary endpoint is the comparison of the treatment groups with respect to event-free survival (EFS), defined as the time from randomization till time to development of an event defined as either an impairment (change from baseline of at least ten points in EORTC QLQ-C30, functional domain total score) or withdrawal due to fulfilling the special defined stopping criteria for chemotherapy as well as for nutritional intervention (NI) or death from any cause (whichever occurs first). DISCUSSION: The aim of this clinical trial is to evaluate whether @entity3147 in combination with defined 2nd line or higher chemotherapy has an impact on quality of life for @entity1 suffering from @entity788 . TRIAL REGISTRATION: Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN60516908.

title: An open label randomized multicentre phase IIIb trial comparing parenteral substitution versus best supportive nutritional care in subjects with @entity788 receiving XXXX plus @entity901 as 2nd or higher line chemotherapy regarding clinical benefit - PANUSCO.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4181 :: ('MESH:D002955', 'Chemical') :: ['folinic acid']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['Pancreatic cancer', 'pancreatic adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity901 :: ('MESH:C030110', 'Chemical') :: ['oxaliplatin']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer cachexia', 'malignancy']

entities_list: @entity3147 :: ('MESH:D044342', 'Disease') :: ['parenteral nutrition', 'PN']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['5-fluorouracil']

answer: @entity1487 :: (MESH:D005472,Chemical) :: ['5-FU']


abstract: HYPOTHESIS: Higher risk of @entity5 index (RMI) with multidisciplinary approach will reduce the number of referrals of ovarian masses, thus reducing the stress for @entity1 and workload at the @entity5 center. METHODS: Prospective observational study in which all @entity1 with pelvic masses and an RMI lower than 450 were treated at the local hospital after discussion at multidisciplinary input. @entity1 with an RMI higher than 450 were referred to tertiary @entity5 centers. Records of multidisciplinary meetings, operative details, and histologic examination results were evaluated. Data were analyzed to calculate the predictive values and the sensitivity of this approach. RESULTS: If the RMI cutoff of 450 alone is considered, 1 @entity1 with @entity3 would not have been referred. The sensitivity for invasive @entity43 was 96.2% or 25 of 26 @entity1 (95% confidence interval [CI], 80.4-99.9) with a positive predictive value of 96.3% or 26 of 27 @entity1 (95% CI, 81.0-99.9). The specificity was 98.7% or 77 of 78 @entity1 (95% CI, 93.1-100.0). The negative predictive value was 98.7% or 76 of 77 @entity1 (95% CI, 93.0-100.0). CONCLUSIONS: A higher RMI with multidisciplinary approach to refer @entity1 with pelvic masses has the potential to reduce the numbers of benign cases, thus reducing stress for @entity1 and reducing workload at centers.

title: Increasing the effectiveness of @entity43 unit to XXXX center by using a higher referral value of the risk of @entity5 index.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'malignancy']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'woman', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['epithelial ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['invasive cancer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity0 screening increased the ratio of small @entity5 . These @entity5 have a low lymph node metastatic potential. @entity1817 allows detecting axillary lymph node invasion without the morbidity of complete axillary lymph node dissection. OBJECTIVES: In this study we report the results of the learning curve of sentinel node detection in the Institut Salah-Aza  z of Tunis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: It is a prospective study between January 2004 and December 2005 in which 115 @entity1 were included with @entity0 less than 3 cm without antecedents of breast surgery. All these @entity1 had sentinel node dissection by a colorimetric method and 30% had a combined method (colorimetric and isotopic). RESULTS: The rate of detection was 97.3% (n = 112). An extemporaneous examination was performed in 91 @entity1 . The rate of negative forgery of the extemporaneous examination was 4.3% and the sensitivity of 95.7%. There are no false positive with the extemporaneous exam. The sentinel lymph node was the only node invaded in 15 @entity1 (44%). In 3 @entity1 , the sentinel node was healthy whereas the axillary dissection was positive, so the false negative rate is about 2.6%. CONCLUSION: Sentinel node dissection is a reliable and feasible technique. It however requires a training of the surgeon, the pathologist and the nuclear doctor. It allows to reduce the morbidity of the treatment of the @entity0 by avoiding "useless" axillary dissection out in @entity1 without node invasion. The increase in the number of the small @entity5 discovered during screening makes it possible to increase the number of @entity1 who can profit from this technique.

title: [Sentinel node in XXXX . Experience of the Salah-Aza  z Institute of Tunis].

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'tumours']

entities_list: @entity1817 :: ('MESH:D012804', 'Disease') :: ['Sentinel node detection']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['Breast cancer', 'breast cancer']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: Australasia is a region with a high incidence of @entity1723 ( @entity1723 ). There are approximately 140   000 individuals with @entity1723 , and of these 10   000 are @entity1 . Although the region covers a huge geographical area, most @entity1 with @entity1723 are managed by tertiary academic centers in the major capital cities. Local longitudinal data collection has been in place for several decades in most of these centers, however ongoing national data collection had not been attempted. In 2012, with funding from the @entity6 Research Foundation (JDRF) Australian Type 1 Clinical Research Network, a national collaboration was formed to provide ongoing longitudinal collection of @entity1723 @entity1 characteristics and outcomes. The initial phase of this collaboration, known as the Australasian @entity6 Network or ADDN, was led by the Australasian Paediatric Endocrine Group (APEG) and thus included only @entity1 and adolescents. The next phase, commenced in 2016, will see adult sites added through collaboration with the Australian @entity6 Society (ADS). As most of the initial centers had longitudinal data collection in place the model employed was to establish the transfer and collation of data already collected into a central database. This required the definition of a common data dictionary, ethics and governance procedures and the employment of technology to enable efficient and accurate information transfer and accessibility. The ADDN project received widespread support from the @entity6 research community with study investigators representing 20 pediatric centers across the region. The first phase focused on the 5 largest centers and at the end of 2015 these centers were uploading @entity1 data to the ADDN database on a quarterly basis resulting in 5271 @entity1 with 83   506 @entity6 visits.

title: Australasian XXXX Network: Building a Collaborative Resource.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1723 :: ('MESH:D003922', 'Disease') :: ['T1D', 'type 1 diabetes']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetes', 'Juvenile Diabetes', 'diabetes', 'Diabetes Data']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['Diabetes Data']


abstract: The in vitro effect of @entity205 ( @entity870 ) on lipid peroxidation in @entity1 liver microsomes was investigated, and efforts were made to prevent the resulting toxic effect of @entity870 . Microsomes were prepared from @entity1 liver resection material and incubated with @entity870 (0, 10, 30, 100, 300, 1000 micrograms/mL) for one hour (pH 7.4, 37 degrees, 95% O2, 5% @entity515 ). Subsequently the resulting concentrations of @entity1234 equivalents ( @entity1865 ) were determined, a breakdown product of lipid peroxidation. Furthermore the duration of incubation was varied (0, 15, 30, 60, 90 min) using a @entity870 concentration of 300 micrograms/mL. @entity870 was shown to stimulate @entity1865 -formation to up to 10-fold of the control value in both a time and concentration dependent manner. The dosage dependent experiment stated above was repeated, adding @entity1881 ( @entity270 , 1 mM), @entity2041 ( @entity2197 , 1 mM), @entity898 (0.1, 0.3, 1, 3 mM), and @entity4044 extract (Gbe, 15, 50, 150 micrograms/mL), respectively, to the medium of incubation. @entity270 , a potent radical scavenger, proved to inhibit lipid peroxidation almost totally. Both @entity2197 and @entity898 were also able to prevent lipid peroxidation, suggesting that the antioxidant effect of @entity2197 might be caused by its @entity1432 group and does not depend on the integrity of the whole molecule. Gbe inhibited @entity870 induced lipid peroxidation in a concentration dependent manner. This effect of Gbe was diminished yet not totally abolished when @entity24871 was added to the medium of incubation, whereas @entity898 even slightly enhanced @entity870 stimulated lipid peroxidation in the presence of @entity68 . These results suggest that Gbe might be able to prevent radical mediated damage to @entity1 membranes caused by @entity870 .

title: Influences of @entity4044 on @entity205 induced lipid peroxidation in XXXX liver microsomes in comparison to @entity270 , @entity2041 and @entity898 .

entities_list: @entity270 :: ('MESH:D014810', 'Chemical') :: ['Vitamin E', 'vitamin E']

entities_list: @entity2041 :: ('MESH:D005978', 'Chemical') :: ['reduced glutathione']

entities_list: @entity898 :: ('MESH:D000111', 'Chemical') :: ['N-acetylcysteine']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporin A']

entities_list: @entity1234 :: ('MESH:D008315', 'Chemical') :: ['malondialdehyde']

entities_list: @entity1881 :: ('MESH:D024502', 'Chemical') :: ['alpha-tocopherol']

entities_list: @entity4044 :: ('3311', 'Species') :: ['Ginkgo biloba']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: CIMAvax EGF is a therapeutic anticancer vaccine developed entirely in Cuba and licensed in Cuba for use in adult @entity1 with stage IIIB/IV @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ). The vaccine is based on active immunotherapy by which an individual's immune response is manipulated to release its own effector antibodies (Abs) against the @entity4179 (EGF). OBJECTIVE: Review pre-clinical and clinical research conducted during development of CIMAvax EGF, primarily studies published by Cuban investigators in international peer-reviewed scientific journals. Methods An automated search for "vaccine" and "EGF" was conducted in PubMed, resulting in 17 articles published by Cuban authors between January 1, 1994 and September 30, 2009. Main findings were described and discussed, along with unpublished preliminary findings of an initial ongoing phase III clinical trial. RESULTS: Articles reviewed describe five phase I/II and one phase II clinical trials conducted in Cuba in 1995-2005. A non-controlled 1995-1996 study resulted in the earliest published scientific evidence of the feasibility of inducing an immune response against autologous EGF in @entity1 with different advanced stage @entity5 . Subsequent controlled, randomized trials included @entity1 with advanced stage (IIIB/IV) @entity1149 . The 2 and 3rd phase I/II trials differentiated immunized @entity1 as poor antibody responders (PAR) and good antibody responders (GAR), according to their anti-EGF antibody response, and confirmed greater immunogenicity with Montanide ISA 51 adjuvant in the vaccine formulation, as well as the benefits of low-dose @entity786 treatment 72 hours before the first immunization. The 4th phase I/II trial found increased immunogenicity with an increased dose divided in 2 anatomical sites and also established correlation between Ab titers, serum EGF concentration and length of survival. In the first 4 phase I/II trials and the phase II trial, vaccine was administered after chemotherapy (ChTVV schedule). In the 5th phase I/III trial, longer survival and increased immunogenicity were achieved using a VChTV schedule and dividing the vaccine dose in 4 anatomical sites. The phase II clinical trial confirmed results of earlier studies as well as the mild-to-moderate adverse event profile associated with CIMAvax EGF Longer survival was observed in all vaccinated @entity1 compared to controls, and the difference was significant (p < 0.05) in the group aged <60 years. CONCLUSIONS: CIMAvax EGF's benefits in earlier @entity1149 stages and in other @entity5 locations, as well as in @entity1 unfit for chemotherapy, need to be evaluated. Evidence of the vaccine's safety for chronic use also needs to be systemized.

title: Clinical development and perspectives of CIMAvax EGF, Cuban vaccine for XXXX therapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small-cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity4179 :: ('1950', 'Gene') :: ['epidermal growth factor']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small-cell lung cancer']


abstract: Since the onset of the worst epidemic of @entity2598 in December 2013, 28,637 cases were reported as confirmed, probable, or suspected. Since the week of 3 January 2016, no more cases have been reported. The total number of @entity204 have amounted to 11,315 (39.5%). In developed countries, seven cases have been diagnosed: four in the United States, one in Spain, one in the United Kingdom, and one in Italy. On 20 July 2015, Italy was declared Ebola-free. On 9 May 2015, an Italian health worker came back to Italy after a long stay in Sierra Leone working for a non-governmental organization. Forty-eight hours after his arrival, he noticed @entity10 , @entity425 , @entity925 , and slight fever. The following day, he was safely transported to the @entity166 Unit of University Hospital of Sassari. The @entity1 was hospitalized for 19 hours until an Italian Air Force medical division transferred him to Rome, to the Lazzaro Spallanzani Institute. Nineteen @entity1 who had contacts with the @entity1 were monitored daily for 21 days by the Public Health Office of Sassari and none presented any symptoms. So far, neither vaccine nor treatment is available to be proposed on an international scale. Ebola is considered a re-emerging @entity166 which, unlike in the past, has been a worldwide emergency. This case study aimed to establish a discussion about the operative and logistic difficulties to be faced and about the discrepancy arising when protocols clash with the reality of facts.

title: @entity2598 : Case management in the Institute of XXXX , University Hospital of Sassari, Sardinia, Italy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'people']

entities_list: @entity2598 :: ('MESH:D019142', 'Disease') :: ['Ebola virus disease']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['weakness']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity925 :: ('MESH:D063806', 'Disease') :: ['muscle pains']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['Infectious Diseases', 'infectious disease']

answer: @entity166 :: (MESH:D003141,Disease) :: ['Infectious Diseases']


abstract: Regulation of the formation and function of bone-resorbing osteoclasts (OCs) is a key to understanding the pathogenesis of @entity2526 . Gene-targeting studies have shown that the RANK signaling pathway plays a critical role in OC differentiation and function. Although pharmaceutical blockade of RANK may be a viable strategy for preventing @entity79 , RANK is implicated in multiple biological processes. Recently, a cytoplasmic motif of RANK was identified that may be specifically involved in OC differentiation. Here, we developed a cell-permeable inhibitor termed the RANK receptor inhibitor (RRI), which targets this motif. The RRI peptide blocked @entity5271 -induced OC formation from @entity19 bone marrow-derived macrophages. Furthermore, RRI inhibited the resorptive function of OCs and induced OC apoptosis. Treatment with the peptide impaired downstream signaling of RANK linked to @entity31663 , @entity5844 , and @entity11120 and resulted in disruptions of the actin cytoskeleton in differentiated OCs. In addition, @entity32 -induced @entity79 and protected against ovariectomy-induced @entity604 in @entity19 . These data may be useful in the development of selective therapeutic agents for the treatment of @entity170 and other @entity79 .

title: Selective inhibition of RANK blocks osteoclast maturation and function and prevents @entity604 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['RRI blocked inflammation']

entities_list: @entity604 :: ('MESH:D016301', 'Disease') :: ['bone loss']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity2526 :: ('MESH:D025063', 'Disease') :: ['skeletal disorders']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone destruction', 'bone diseases']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: The effects of @entity1169 (PRO), a nonselective beta-adrenergic receptor (beta-AR) antagonist with membrane-stabilizing action on bone metabolism, were examined in spontaneously @entity101 @entity35 (SHR) showing @entity170 with @entity2915 of the sympathetic nervous system. Treatment of SHR with PRO at 1 and 5 mg/kg p.o. for 12 weeks increased bone mass of the lumbar vertebra and proximal tibia without affecting blood pressure, but PRO at 50 and 100 mg/kg with @entity551 action did not increase bone mass. Next, the effects of PRO at 0.1, 1, and 10 mg/kg on bone status were examined in more detail. Compared with the SHR control, not only bone mass but also biomechanical parameters of strength and toughness of the lumbar vertebrae were increased in SHR treated with PRO at 0.1 and 1 mg/kg, suggesting antiosteoporotic action. PRO at 1 mg/kg statistically increased histomorphometry indices of bone formation, whereas PRO at doses of 0.1, 1, and 10 mg/kg decreased those of bone resorption. Antiosteoporotic effect of PRO is attenuated at 10 mg/kg compared with 0.1 and 1 mg/kg. In addition, treatment with @entity6839 , a nonselective beta-AR antagonist without membrane-stabilizing action, or @entity24971 , a selective beta2-AR antagonist, at 1 mg/kg increased bone mass in SHR. These results suggested that treatment of SHR with beta-blockers at low dose improved @entity604 and @entity79 . This antiosteoporotic effect of beta-blockers seems to be caused by the blocking action of beta2-AR, regardless of the membrane-stabilizing action.

title: Effects of XXXX on bone metabolism in spontaneously @entity101 @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity1169 :: ('MESH:D011433', 'Chemical') :: ['propranolol']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity24971 :: ('MESH:D002078', 'Chemical') :: ['butoxamine']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone fragility']

entities_list: @entity2915 :: ('MESH:D006948', 'Disease') :: ['hyperactivity']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotensive']

answer: @entity1169 :: (MESH:D011433,Chemical) :: ['propranolol']


abstract: @entity298 presents difficulty in early diagnosis and establishment of standard treatment. We report a case of @entity3620 treated effectively with @entity900 and @entity136 . A 53-year-old @entity1 , presenting with abdominal fullness and massive @entity843 was first admitted to our hospital in April, 2006. Although we conducted upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, total colonoscopy, chest-abdominal computed tomography, and FDG-PET, suspected with disseminated @entity3 of @entity5 , we could not detect the original @entity5 . Then, a diagnostic laparoscopy revealed many gray-colored nodules diffusely in the peritoneum. The peritoneal biopsy demonstrated that @entity5 cells grow papillarly and show a strongly positive image for calretinin, but a negative image for Ber- @entity2912 . Therefore, we have diagnosed this case as a @entity3620 . Treatment with @entity900 60 mg/m   and intraperitoneal instillation of @entity1138 10 mg/m   were not so effective. Then, @entity900 60 mg/m   and @entity136 1,000 mg/m   were administered biweekly. The @entity5 marker decreased remarkably and the massive @entity843 disappeared. Therefore, the chemotherapy could be done on an outpatient basis.

title: [A case of @entity3620 treated effectively with XXXX and @entity136 ].

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'cancer lesion']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity1138 :: ('MESH:D016685', 'Chemical') :: ['mitomycin C']

entities_list: @entity3620 :: ('MESH:C562839', 'Disease') :: ['malignant peritoneal mesothelioma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['gemcitabine']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['Peritoneal mesothelioma']

answer: @entity900 :: (MESH:D002945,Chemical) :: ['cisplatin']