abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the use of @entity11710 burr polishing as an in-office treatment for @entity2687 ( @entity2687 ). METHODS: A double-masked randomized controlled trial was conducted. @entity1 with @entity2687 secondary to trauma or @entity6228 underwent epithelial debridement (ED) or @entity11710 burr superficial keratectomy (DBSK) at the slit lamp. @entity1 were followed up for 6 months, and the recurrence rates of @entity2687 and visual outcomes were compared. RESULTS: Forty-eight eyes of 48 @entity1 were recruited. The mean +/- SD age was 38.3 +/- 12.9 years. Twenty-five @entity1 underwent DBSK, and 23 @entity1 received ED alone. There was no significant difference in the baseline demographics between the 2 groups. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed significantly less major and minor recurrences and less need for repeated surgical interventions in the DBSK group compared with the ED group (P < 0.001). Eyes in the DBSK group also had significantly lower mean magnitude of @entity940 after treatment compared to the ED group (P = 0.021). CONCLUSION: @entity11710 burr polishing is a safe, convenient, and inexpensive treatment option for the management of @entity2687 and resulted in better outcomes compared to simple epithelial debridement.

title: @entity11710 burr polishing for recurrent XXXX : results from a prospective randomized controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity940 :: ('MESH:D001251', 'Disease') :: ['astigmatism']

entities_list: @entity11710 :: ('MESH:D018130', 'Chemical') :: ['diamond', 'Diamond']

entities_list: @entity6228 :: ('MESH:C535477', 'Disease') :: ['anterior basement membrane dystrophy']

entities_list: @entity2687 :: ('MESH:D003316', 'Disease') :: ['recurrent corneal erosion', 'RCE']

answer: @entity2687 :: (MESH:D003316,Disease) :: ['corneal erosions']


abstract: CONTEXT: The association between myofascial @entity2956 ( @entity2956 ) and nonrestorative sleep supports the investigation of therapies that can modulate the sleep/wake cycle. In this context, @entity2493 becomes an attractive treatment option for myofascial @entity2531 . OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effects of @entity2493 on @entity158 (primary aim) and sleep (secondary aim) as compared with placebo in a double-blind, randomized, parallel-group trial. METHODS: Thirty-two females, aged 20-40 years, with myofascial @entity2531 were randomized into placebo or @entity2493 (5mg) treatment groups for a period of four weeks. RESULTS: There was a significant interaction (time vs. group) for the main outcomes of @entity158 scores as indexed by the visual analogue scale and pressure @entity158 threshold (analysis of variance; P<0.05 for these analyses). Post hoc analysis showed that the treatment reduced @entity158 scores by -44% (95% CI -57%, -26%) compared with placebo, and it also increased the pressure @entity158 threshold by 39% (95% CI 14%, 54%). The use of analgesic doses significantly decreased with time (P<0.01). The daily analgesic doses decreased by -66% (95% CI -94%, -41%) when comparing the two groups. Additionally, @entity2493 improved sleep quality, but its effect on @entity158 was independent of the effect on sleep quality. CONCLUSION: This study provides additional evidence supporting the analgesic effects of @entity2493 on @entity158 scores and analgesic consumption in @entity1 with mild-to-moderate chronic myofascial @entity2531 . Furthermore, @entity2493 improves sleep quality but its effect on @entity158 appears to be independent of changes in sleep quality.

title: Analgesic and sedative effects of XXXX in @entity2956 : a double-blind, randomized, parallel-group, placebo-controlled study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2956 :: ('MESH:D013705', 'Disease') :: ['TMD', 'temporomandibular disorder']

entities_list: @entity2493 :: ('MESH:D008550', 'Chemical') :: ['melatonin']

answer: @entity2493 :: (MESH:D008550,Chemical) :: ['melatonin']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Synthetic cannabinoids are designer drugs that mimic the effect of @entity835 , which has become popular with young drug users. These drugs have a similar chemical structure and pharmacologic effects as @entity16349 , but seem to be more potent. These substances have been banned by the US Drug Enforcement Agency in 2010. Prior to 2010, these drugs were perceived as "safer" by the general population. Synthetic cannabinoids cause effects similar to @entity16349 making the subjects euphoric. However, they act as full, rather than partial, agonist at the receptor sites causing more severe side effects such as severe @entity2146 , @entity410 , @entity810 , and @entity8193 . CASE: An 18 year old @entity1 was brought to the emergency department after his friends found him unconscious at home. He was found to be lethargic with shallow and rapid breathing. The @entity1 had @entity520 with an anion gap of 26 and @entity880 levels were high at 10.6. He also had a generalized tonic clonic type @entity410 after admission however @entity880 levels were drawn before the @entity410 occurred. Urine drug screen was negative; blood @entity285 did not show high levels of @entity285 . The @entity1 was intubated, mechanically ventilated and, started on a @entity3157 drip. After the @entity1 was extubated, a thorough history was significant for synthetic @entity16349 use only. DISCUSSION: Limited literature with few reported cases of @entity8193 exist, and none to the degree we saw in our @entity1 . Even though synthetic cannabinoids were added to schedule I controlled substance they are still sold legally as incense herbal products with package insert saying not for @entity1 consumption. At present, detection test are not readily available for rapid identification, and the literature on treating these @entity1 is thin. Synthetic cannabinoid use should be kept in the differential during management of young @entity1 who present with @entity410 and @entity8193 . Further research is needed to identify rapid identification test and good treatment protocols for improved @entity1 therapy.

title: LACTIC ACIDOSIS: A RARE MANIFESTATION OF SYNTHETIC XXXX INTOXICATION.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'seizures']

entities_list: @entity3157 :: ('CHEBI:17544', 'Chemical') :: ['bicarbonate']

entities_list: @entity835 :: ('MESH:D002189', 'Disease') :: ['cannabis']

entities_list: @entity8193 :: ('MESH:D000140', 'Disease') :: ['lactic acidosis']

entities_list: @entity520 :: ('MESH:D000138', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic acidosis']

entities_list: @entity2146 :: ('MESH:D011595', 'Disease') :: ['agitation']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactic acid']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['acute renal failure']

answer: @entity16349 :: (3483,Species) :: ['MARIJUANA']


abstract: PURPOSE: Unlike @entity189 , soft-tissue @entity242 (STS) rarely exhibit lymphatic spread. Consequently, we examined expression and function of @entity7 ( @entity7 )-C and STS-associated lymphatic vessel density (LVD) components of this process. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: @entity9961 and @entity7 mRNA and @entity9961 protein expression were evaluated in STS, STS cell lines, and @entity0 (reverse transcription-PCR, quantitative reverse transcription-PCR, and ELISA). STS cell conditioned medium after @entity9961 knockdown was examined for endothelial cell proliferation and migration effects (MTS and migration assays). @entity982 -embedded @entity1 lymph node-negative and lymph node-positive STS and lymph node-negative and lymph node-positive @entity0 were examined for @entity9961 , D2-40, and @entity2279 expression (immunohistochemistry). LVD differences were analyzed by Wilcoxon rank-sum tests. RESULTS: STS and @entity0 @entity9961 expression was comparable and higher than normal tissue levels. STS cells secreted functional @entity9961 : STS conditioned medium induced lymphatic endothelial cell proliferation and migration, which was abrogated by STS cell @entity9961 knockdown. STS and @entity0 intratumoral LVD was similar. STS peritumoral LVD (PT-LVD) was reduced versus @entity0 PT-LVD (P < 0.001). Significantly higher PT-LVD was observed in lymph node-positive versus lymph node-negative STS; lymphatic spreading STS subtypes also had higher LVD. STS @entity9961 expression and PT-LVD lacked correlation, and many lymph node-negative STS had high PT-LVD, suggesting complexity in this metastatic process. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with @entity0 , STS exhibited lower PT-LVD independent of @entity9961 expression, which may underlie STS lymph node @entity3 rarity. Moreover, lymphatic vessels appear necessary but not sufficient to sustain STS lymphatic spread. Examining STS "nonlymphatic" dissemination may help elucidate mechanisms of lymphatic spread, insights critically important to cancer @entity3 control.

title: Increased @entity7 -C expression is insufficient to induce lymphatic @entity3 in @entity1 soft-tissue XXXX .

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancers', 'breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity7 :: ('7422', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor', 'VEGF', 'VEGF-A']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity982 :: ('MESH:D010232', 'Chemical') :: ['Paraffin']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity242 :: (MESH:D012509,Disease) :: ['sarcomas']


abstract: Twenty-one @entity1 with @entity1860 (CML) in advanced phases were treated with @entity15719 ( @entity18685 ), @entity348 ( @entity348 ) and allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Eleven were in blastic transformation, five were in accelerated phase, and five were in second chronic phase. The median age was 29 years (range, 13-41 years); there were 14 males. All @entity1 but one were rendered aplastic by this regimen. Of these, 17 had hematologic engraftment, recovering granulocytes to 1.0 x 10(9)/l in a median of 28 days (range, 11-52 days). Three @entity1 failed to engraft. Of those who engrafted, five relapsed and died of disease, one relapsed and died of a polymicrobial wound infection, nine @entity1 died of treatment-related complications, including @entity2132 , @entity401 and @entity295 , and one @entity1 developed @entity706 27 months after transplant and died of this 18 months later. One @entity1 relapsed after 31 months died of polymicrobial @entity295 at 37 months, and one @entity1 remains disease-free at 54+ months. The 3-year survival rate was 14%. Survival at 1 year was related to having a spleen that did not extend beyond 2 cm below the left costal margin at the time of transplantation, and those with a large spleen at initial presentation relapsed more often. PIP- @entity348 with allogeneic bone marrow transplantation can induce durable remissions in a small proportion of @entity1 in advanced phases of CML, but it is not superior to @entity786 - @entity348 in this @entity1 group.

title: XXXX plus @entity348 : an alternative preparative regimen for allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in advanced phases of chronic myelogenous leukemia.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['large-cell lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity15719 :: ('MESH:C003905', 'Chemical') :: ['piperazinedione']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity2132 :: ('MESH:D006086', 'Disease') :: ['graft-versus-host disease']

entities_list: @entity348 :: ('MESH:C535338', 'Disease') :: ['TBI', 'total body irradiation']

entities_list: @entity401 :: ('MESH:D017563', 'Disease') :: ['interstitial pneumonitis']

entities_list: @entity1860 :: ('MESH:D015464', 'Disease') :: ['Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myelogenous leukemia']

answer: @entity15719 :: (MESH:C003905,Chemical) :: ['Piperazinedione']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the effect of intensive care (ICU) admission body mass index (BMI) on 30-day and 12-month survival in critically ill @entity1 and determine the impact of @entity28 on outcome. DESIGN: Prospective, observational cohort study. SETTING: Fourteen-bed medical and surgical ICU of a university-affiliated hospital. @entity1 : Four hundred and ninety-three adult @entity1 . INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: BMI (kg/m) was calculated from height (m) and measured weight (kg) within 4 hrs of ICU admission, using the PROMED weighing device, or premorbid weight (documented in the previous month) (BMImeasured). Follow-up was for >/=12 months post-ICU admission. Time to mortality outcome, censored at 30 and 365 days (12-months), was analyzed using a log-normal accelerated failure time regression model. Predictor variables were parameterized as time ratios (TR), where TR <1 is associated with decreased survival time and TR >1 is associated with prolonged survival time. Mean (sd) age and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score were 62.3 (17.5) years and 20.7(8.4), respectively; 56.0% (285 of 493) of @entity1 were male and 60.6% (299 of 493) medical. ICU admission weight and BMImeasured (available in 433 @entity1 ) were 79.1 (22.1) kg and 27.8 (7.0) kg/m, respectively. In 16.9% (73 of 433) of @entity1 , weight was >/=100 kg, and in 29.8% (129 of 433), BMImeasured was >/=30 kg/m. Raw intensive care, 30-day, and 12-month mortality rates were 15.2% (66 of 433), 22.3% (95 of 433), and 37.3% (159 of 433), respectively. BMImeasured was a significant determinant of mortality at 30 days (TR 1.853, 95% confidence interval 1.053-3.260, p = .032) and 12 months (TR 1.034, 95% confidence interval 1.005-1.063, p = .019). The effect of BMI on 12-month mortality was linear, such that increasing BMI was associated with decreasing mortality. CONCLUSIONS: ICU admission BMI was a determinant of short- to medium-term survival. Obesity was not associated with adverse outcomes and may be protective.

title: The effect of XXXX on 12-month survival following admission to intensive care: a prospective study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PATIENTS', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obesity']


abstract: Maintaining a high @entity460 concentration in the endoplasmic reticulum through the action of sarco/endoplasmic reticulum @entity460 -ATPases (SERCAs) is crucial in many cell functions involved in intracellular signal transduction, control of proliferation, programmed cell death, or the synthesis of mature proteins. Recent studies have found that many SERCAs have altered expression patterns in various @entity5 . The purpose of the current study was to quantify the expression of @entity21331 in @entity14 ( @entity14 ) tissues and the corresponding noncancerous tissues, and to statistically analyze whether the @entity21331 expression levels correlate with the clinico-pathologic features and prognosis of @entity14 @entity1 . Paired colorectal tissue samples from cancerous and the corresponding noncancerous tissues were obtained from 50 @entity1 who underwent surgical resection. Semiquantitative measurements of @entity21331 messenger RNA (mRNA) expression were done using the multiplex reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. @entity14 tissues were analyzed through immunohistochemistry for the @entity21331 protein. @entity21331 mRNA overexpression in cancerous tissues compared with normal counterparts was observed in 45 of 50 (90%) @entity1 . The mean expression level of @entity21331 mRNA in cancerous tissues was significantly higher than that in noncancerous tissues (P = 0.01). Increased @entity21331 protein expression was significantly correlated with serosal invasion (P = 0.012), lymph node @entity3 (P = 0.009), and advanced @entity5 stage (P = 0.004). Furthermore, @entity1 with high @entity21331 expression had a significantly poorer overall survival rate than @entity1 with low @entity21331 (P = 0.032). Multivariate analyses indicated that @entity5 stage (P = 0.015) and @entity21331 expression were independently correlated with overall survival (P = 0.018). The result of this study indicated that @entity21331 may be a molecular determinant in the development and progression of @entity14 . The molecular mechanisms underlying the SERCA-dependent @entity460 accumulation and @entity14 are worthy of further investigations.

title: Sarco/endoplasmic reticulum @entity460 -ATPase 2 expression as a @entity5 marker in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['CRC tumorigenesis', 'CRC', 'colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: Platelet activating factor ( @entity5567 ) is a potent endogenous mediator in inflammatory processes. The role of this mediator, especially in connection with the unknown etiology of chronic @entity29 , remains poorly understood. A determination of @entity5567 in stool may be helpful in recognizing quiescent @entity32 in chronic @entity29 . A simple and reliable method for the determination of @entity5567 in stool seems to be necessary to achieve this goal. METHODOLOGY: @entity5567 analysis was performed with the help of a commercial @entity5567 radioimmunoassay (RIA) kit after solid phase extraction (SPE) of ethanolic stool extracts. @entity5567 was determined in stool from 10 healthy volunteers (m = 4; f = 6), 13 @entity1 with @entity31 (m = 7; f = 6) and 15 @entity1 with @entity30 (m = 9; f = 6). Fecal @entity5567 concentrations were compared with activity index of disease, endoscopic index, localization of lesions, leukocyte count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), @entity1851 ( @entity1851 ), medical prednisolone treatment, sex and age of the @entity1 . RESULTS: In healthy volunteers, no @entity5567 was detectable in stool. In @entity1 with @entity30 319.2 +/- 143.5 pg @entity5567 /g stool and in @entity1 with @entity31 824.9 +/- 408.7 pg @entity5567 /g stool could be determined. A significant correlation (p < 0.05) was found between @entity5567 -content in stool and the endoscopical index and intestinal localization of inflammatory lesions. No further correlations could be detected in our @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Fecal @entity5567 assessment may be used clinically as a non-invasive method to estimate severity of @entity32 in @entity1 with @entity29 ( @entity29 ).

title: Platelet activating factor in stool from @entity1 with @entity31 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['mucosal inflammation', 'inflammations']

entities_list: @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative colitis']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel disease', 'inflammatory bowel diseases', 'IBD']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ["Crohn's disease"]

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein', 'CRP']

answer: @entity30 :: (MESH:D003424,Disease) :: ['Crohn's disease']


abstract: @entity842 (NO) is an important mediator molecule in regulating normal airway function, as well as in the pathophysiology of inflammatory @entity1030 . In addition, cytokines are potent messenger molecules at sites of @entity32 . The specific relationship among @entity1356 , @entity310 , and @entity379 on @entity15237 induction and NO synthesis in @entity1 alveolar epithelial cells has not been determined. In addition, rigorous methods to determine potential synergistic action between the cytokines have not been employed. We exposed monolayer cultures of A549 cells to a factorial combination of three cytokines ( @entity1356 , @entity310 , and @entity379 ) and three concentrations (0, 5, and 100 ng/mL). @entity310 alone does not induce NO production directly; however, it does have a stimulatory effect on @entity1356 -induced NO production. @entity1356 and INF-gamma both induce NO production alone, yet at different concentration thresholds, and act synergistically when present together. In the presence of all three cytokines, the net effect of NO production exceeds the predicted additive effect of each individual cytokine and the two-way interactions. Several plausible mechanisms of synergy among @entity1356 , @entity310 , and @entity379 in NO production from @entity1 alveolar epithelial cells (A549) are proposed. In order to verify the proposed mechanisms of synergy, future experimental and theoretical studies must address several molecular steps through which the @entity15237 gene is expressed and regulated, as well as the expression and regulation of enzyme cofactors and substrates.

title: Synergistic cytokine-induced XXXX production in @entity1 alveolar epithelial cells.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['Nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['airway diseases']

answer: @entity842 :: (MESH:D009569,Chemical) :: ['nitric oxide']


abstract: The value of transthoracic @entity4341 echocardiography has been extensively documented. However, in some @entity1 , because of a poor acoustic window, the rest transthoracic examination is not always feasible and the transesophageal approach is more convenient. Therefore, transesophageal echocardiography with high dose @entity4341 (up to 0.84 mg/kg body weight over 10 min) was performed in 32 @entity1 in whom the transthoracic @entity4341 test either was not feasible (n = 29) or yielded ambiguous results (n = 3). The transesophageal echocardiographic test results were considered abnormal when new @entity4341 -induced regional wall motion abnormalities were observed. All 32 @entity1 underwent coronary angiography; significant @entity453 was defined as greater than or equal to 70% lumen diameter narrowing in at least one major vessel. All @entity1 also performed a bicycle exercise @entity5482 day before transesophageal @entity4341 echocardiography. Transesophageal stress studies were completed in all @entity1 , with a maximal imaging time (in tests with a negative result) of 20 min. No side effects or intolerance to drug or transducer was observed. The left ventricle was always visualized in the four-chamber and transgastric @entity851 views. High quality two-dimensional echocardiographic images were obtained in all @entity1 both at rest and at peak @entity4341 infusion and were digitally analyzed in a quad-screen format. Coronary angiography showed @entity453 in 24 @entity1 : 6 had single-, 9 double- and 9 @entity66 . The transesophageal @entity4341 test showed a specificity of 100% and an overall sensitivity of 92%. The sensitivity of this test for single-, double- and @entity66 was 67%, 100% and 100%, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Transesophageal @entity4341 echocardiography for diagnosis of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['short-axis']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['triple-vessel disease']

entities_list: @entity4341 :: ('MESH:D004176', 'Chemical') :: ['dipyridamole']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery obstruction', 'coronary artery disease']

answer: @entity453 :: (MESH:D003324,Disease) :: ['coronary artery disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity131 represent an important and costly health problem. Supplemental @entity1760 positively affects many of the processes involved in secondary injury after @entity131 and consistently improves outcome in animal models. We aimed to test whether treatment with @entity1760 favourably affects outcome in head-injured @entity1 . METHODS: In a double-blind trial, 499 @entity1 aged 14 years or older admitted to a level 1 regional @entity130 centre between August, 1998, and October, 2004, with moderate or severe @entity131 were randomly assigned one of two doses of @entity1760 or placebo within 8 h of injury and continuing for 5 days. @entity1760 doses were targeted to achieve serum @entity1760 ranges of 1.0-1.85 mmol/L or 1.25-2.5 mmol/L. The primary outcome was a composite of mortality, @entity410 , functional measures, and neuropsychological tests assessed up to 6 months after injury. Analyses were done according to the intention-to-treat principle. This trial is registered with , number . FINDINGS: @entity1760 showed no significant positive effect on the composite primary outcome measure at the higher dose (mean=55 average percentile ranking on @entity1760 vs 52 on placebo, 95% CI for difference -7 to 14; p=0.70). Those randomly assigned @entity1760 at the lower dose did significantly worse than those assigned placebo (48 vs 54, 95% CI -10.5 to -2; p=0.007). Furthermore, there was higher mortality with the higher @entity1760 dose than with placebo. Other major medical complications were similar between groups, except for a slight excess of @entity4 and @entity1576 in the lower @entity1760 target group. No subgroups were identified in which @entity1760 had a significantly positive effect. INTERPRETATION: Continuous infusions of @entity1760 for 5 days given to @entity1 within 8 h of moderate or severe @entity131 were not neuroprotective and might even have a negative effect in the treatment of significant @entity542 .

title: Magnesium sulfate for neuroprotection after XXXX : a randomised controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['Traumatic brain injuries', 'traumatic brain injury']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary oedema']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['head injury']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory failure']

entities_list: @entity1760 :: ('MESH:D008274', 'Chemical') :: ['magnesium', 'Magnesium']

answer: @entity131 :: (MESH:D001930,Disease) :: ['traumatic brain injury']


abstract: @entity1082 is known to be the major pathogen of cervical @entity5 . Here, we report the efficacy of a bivalent @entity1799 and 18 DNA vaccine system following repeated dosing in @entity19 and @entity1707 using a recombinant baculovirus bearing @entity1 endogenous retrovirus envelope protein (AcHERV) as a vector. The intramuscular administration of AcHERV-based @entity1799 L1 and HPV18L1 DNA vaccines induced antigen-specific serum IgG, vaginal IgA, and neutralizing antibodies to levels comparable to those achieved using the commercially marketed vaccine Cervarix. Similar to Cervarix, AcHERV-based bivalent vaccinations completely blocked subsequent vaginal challenge with HPV type-specific pseudovirions. However, AcHERV-based bivalent vaccinations induced significantly higher cell-mediated immune responses than Cervarix, promoting 4.5- ( @entity1799 L1) and 3.9-(HPV18L1) fold higher interferon-y production in splenocytes upon stimulation with antigen type-specific pseudovirions. Repeated dosing did not affect the immunogenicity of AcHERV DNA vaccines. Three sequential immunizations with AcHERV-HP18L1 DNA vaccine followed by three repeated dosing with AcHERV-HP16L1 over 11 weeks induced an initial production of anti-HPV18L1 antibody followed by subsequent induction of anti-HPV16L1 antibody. Finally, AcHERV-based bivalent DNA vaccination induced antigen-specific serum IgG immune responses in @entity1707 . These results support the further development of AcHERV as a bivalent @entity1082 DNA vaccine system for use in preventing the @entity1800 as well as treating the infected @entity1 by inducing both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses. Moreover, the possibility of repeated dosing indicates the utility of AcHERV system for reusable vectors of other viral pathogen vaccines.

title: Immunogenicity of bivalent @entity1082 DNA vaccine using XXXX endogenous retrovirus envelope-coated baculoviral vectors in @entity19 and @entity1707 .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity1800 :: ('MESH:D014777', 'Disease') :: ['viral infection']

entities_list: @entity1799 :: ('333760', 'Species') :: ['HPV16', 'human papillomavirus type 16']

entities_list: @entity1082 :: ('10566', 'Species') :: ['human papillomavirus', 'Human papillomavirus']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: @entity37229 ( @entity37229 ) can present as a severe and (sub) @entity76 . @entity37229 can accompany different kinds of @entity5 including @entity151 , @entity0 . A 34-year-old @entity1 is described with acute @entity4653 , @entity11583 and @entity892 . Despite extensive laboratory and radiological evaluations in this @entity1 with rapidly @entity76 , the diagnosis of a @entity8231 was only made after several months, when an anti-Tr antibody was detected in his serum. The search for @entity978 as @entity74 was then started and resulted in stage II B disease. The @entity1 was successively treated with six courses of @entity2879 , @entity1732 , @entity5713 and @entity619 and radiotherapy, which resulted in a complete remission of the @entity978 . After starting therapy the @entity2746 stabilised. The pathogenesis of @entity528 in central nervous system @entity74 such as the one we describe is not completely understood. Antitumour therapy is assumed to be the important cornerstone in stabilising the @entity16 . Improvement of the @entity76 in @entity66 is a rare achievement. Early recognition of the concomitant disorders ( @entity66 and @entity978 ) is of crucial importance.

title: @entity37229 preceding the diagnosis of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity8231 :: ('MESH:D010257', 'Disease') :: ['paraneoplastic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ["adenocarcinoma of the breast and ovary, and Hodgkin's lymphoma"]

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['anti-Tr autoantibody disease', 'anti-Tr autoantibody paraneoplastic disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological condition']

entities_list: @entity2879 :: ('MESH:D005047', 'Chemical') :: ['etoposide']

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['dexamethasone']

entities_list: @entity978 :: ('MESH:D006689', 'Disease') :: ["Hodgkin's lymphoma", "Hodgkin's disease"]

entities_list: @entity76 :: ('MESH:D002526', 'Disease') :: ['deteriorating cerebellar syndrome', 'cerebellar syndrome', 'acute cerebellar syndrome']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['paraneoplastic disorders', 'concomitant disorder']

entities_list: @entity37229 :: ('MESH:D020362', 'Disease') :: ['PCD', 'Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration']

entities_list: @entity892 :: ('MESH:D004172', 'Disease') :: ['diplopia']

entities_list: @entity1732 :: ('MESH:D001761', 'Chemical') :: ['bleomycin']

entities_list: @entity151 :: ('MESH:D055752', 'Disease') :: ['small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity2746 :: ('MESH:D013132', 'Disease') :: ['cerebellar degeneration']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['neuronal damage']

entities_list: @entity11583 :: ('MESH:D020234', 'Disease') :: ['gait ataxia']

entities_list: @entity5713 :: ('MESH:D014747', 'Chemical') :: ['vinblastine']

entities_list: @entity4653 :: ('MESH:D004401', 'Disease') :: ['dysarthria']

answer: @entity978 :: (MESH:D006689,Disease) :: ['Hodgkin's lymphoma']


abstract: @entity14700 , @entity28955 , and @entity25541 are chemokines involved in the recruitment of eosinophils into tissues and mainly activate @entity23427 . Whereas the genomic or pharmacological inhibition of @entity23427 prevents the development of experimental @entity565 in rodents, it only impairs the recruitment of eosinophils by    40% in @entity1 . As @entity1 , but not rodents, express @entity25541 , we investigated the impact of @entity14700 , @entity28955 , and @entity25541 on @entity1 eosinophils recruitment and evaluated the involvement of @entity23427 . The @entity4222 of eosinophils of healthy volunteers was similar for the three eotaxins. Eosinophils of mild @entity748 had a greater response to @entity14700 and a much greater response to @entity25541 . Whereas all eotaxins induced the @entity4222 of eosinophil of @entity748 from 0 to 6 h, @entity25541 triggered a second phase of @entity4222 between 12 and 18 h. Given that the @entity23427 antagonists @entity41935 and @entity41936 inhibited the @entity41937 -induced @entity4222 of eosinophils and that the @entity23427 antagonist @entity26379 was not specific for @entity23427 , @entity23427 blockade was performed with the @entity23427 mAb. This antibody completely blocked the effect of all eotaxins on eosinophils of healthy subjects and the effect of @entity28955 on the eosinophils of @entity748 . Interestingly, @entity23427 blockade did not affect the second @entity4222 phase induced by @entity25541 on eosinophils of @entity748 . In conclusion, @entity25541 is a more effective chemoattractant than @entity14700 and @entity28955 for eosinophils of @entity748 . The mechanism of this greater efficiency is not yet defined. However, these results suggest that @entity25541 may play a unique and important role in the recruitment of eosinophils in persistent @entity565 .

title: @entity25541 / @entity25541 is more effective to induce the @entity4222 of eosinophils of @entity748 than @entity14700 / @entity14700 and @entity28955 / XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human']

entities_list: @entity748 :: ('MESH:D013224', 'Disease') :: ['asthmatics']

entities_list: @entity41937 :: ('MESH:C080828', 'Chemical') :: ['5-oxo-eicosatetraenoate']

entities_list: @entity4222 :: ('MESH:D014085', 'Disease') :: ['migration']

answer: @entity28955 :: (6369,Gene) :: ['eotaxin-2']


abstract: @entity2688 of the lower leg is an infection caused by streptococci or, less commonly, @entity794 and other gram-negative rods. Recurrence of @entity2688 is a common problem. In the present study, we evaluated the use of monthly intramuscular injections of @entity4995 to prevent recurrences of @entity2688 . A total of 115 @entity1 with definite or presumptive cases of @entity883 were enrolled in this study. Eighty-four of these @entity1 who declined follow-up or received incomplete prophylaxis were considered controls. Recurrence occurred in four (12.9%) of 31 cases who received prophylaxis and 16 (19%) of the 84 cases who did not receive prophylaxis. The difference was not statistically significant. Predisposing factors for @entity2688 were found in 57 (49.6%) of the 115 enrolled cases and were mostly related to the @entity73 . Administration of prophylaxis successfully reduced the recurrence rate to zero among @entity1 without predisposing factors but failed to prevent recurrence in those with predisposing factors (20%). We conclude that monthly @entity4995 prophylaxis benefits only @entity1 without predisposing factors for @entity2688 .

title: Role of @entity4995 in prophylaxis for recurrent XXXX of the lower legs.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4995 :: ('MESH:D010401', 'Chemical') :: ['benzathine penicillin G']

entities_list: @entity883 :: ('MESH:D013290', 'Disease') :: ['streptococcal cellulitis']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['impairment of local circulation']

entities_list: @entity2688 :: ('MESH:D002481', 'Disease') :: ['cellulitis', 'Cellulitis']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']

answer: @entity883 :: (MESH:D013290,Disease) :: ['streptococcal cellulitis']


abstract: Growth of head circumference was studied along with height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) in 21 prepubertal @entity1 with @entity177 ( @entity177 ) before and during recombinant @entity1 @entity2124 (rhGH) treatment. @entity177 was present from birth in 15 @entity1 , in the 6 others it was acquired and existing for at least 1 year. Five @entity1 were on chronic dialysis, and 16 @entity1 were on conservative treatment with a median glomerular filtration rate of 17 ml/min per 1.73 m2 at the start of rhGH therapy. rhGH was administered for 12 months in all @entity1 , for 18 months in 19, and for 24 months in 12 @entity1 . Mean height standard deviation score ( @entity214 ) increased significantly from -2.29 to -1.31 after 1 year and to -1.07 after 2 years. Mean BMI @entity214 was within the normal range throughout. Mean head circumference @entity214 improved significantly from -2.04 to -1.45 after 1 year and remained stable thereafter. Changes in head circumference differed between @entity1 under 5 years and those over 5 years. In the former, the increase in head circumference @entity214 was already significant after 6 months of therapy, in the latter, significance was reached only after 1 year. It can be concluded that rhGH in @entity177 @entity1 significantly improves head circumference @entity214 , albeit not to the same extent as height @entity214 .

title: XXXX therapy in @entity177 induces catch-up of head circumference.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['CRF', 'chronic renal failure']

answer: @entity2124 :: (2688,Gene) :: ['Growth hormone']


abstract: Spatial control of cell growth on surfaces can be achieved by the selective deposition of molecules that influence cell adhesion. The fabrication of such substrates often relies upon photolithography and requires complex surface chemistry to anchor adhesive and inhibitory molecules. The production of simple, cost-effective substrates for cell patterning would benefit numerous areas of bioanalytical research including tissue engineering and biosensor development. @entity13768 ( @entity16549 ) is routinely used as a biomedical implant material and as a substrate for microfluidic device fabrication; however, the low surface energy and hydrophobic nature of @entity16549 inhibits its bioactivity. We present a method for the surface modification of @entity16549 to promote localized cell adhesion and proliferation. Thin metal films are deposited onto @entity16549 through a physical mask in the presence of a gaseous plasma. This treatment generates topographical and chemical modifications of the polymer surface. Removal of the deposited metal exposes roughened @entity16549 regions enriched with hydrophilic @entity26 -containing species. The morphology and chemical composition of the patterned substrates were assessed by optical and atomic force microscopies as well as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. We observed a direct correlation between the surface modification of @entity16549 and the micropatterned adhesion of fibroblast cells. This simple protocol generates inexpensive, single-component substrates capable of directing cell attachment and growth.

title: Spatially controlled cell adhesion via micropatterned surface modification of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity13768 :: ('MESH:C013830', 'Chemical') :: ['Poly(dimethylsiloxane)']

answer: @entity13768 :: (MESH:C013830,Chemical) :: ['poly(dimethylsiloxane)']


abstract: A rising atmospheric @entity515 concentration might influence the nutrient composition of feedstuffs and consequently the nutritional value for livestock. The present study investigates the effects of atmospheric @entity515 enrichment on the chemical composition and nutritional value of winter @entity3505 cv. "Batis" and winter @entity2247 cv. "Theresa". Both cereals were grown at two different atmospheric @entity515 concentrations (ambient @entity515 [AMBI]: 380  ppm and enriched @entity515 [free air @entity544 enrichment, FACE]: 550  ppm) for two growing seasons. The influence of two different @entity1568 (N) fertilisation levels (adequate N supply [N100] and nearly 50% of adequate N supply [N50]) were studied as well. A significant effect was observed for the crude protein content, which declined at FACE condition in a range of 8-16  g  kg(-1) in @entity3505 and of 10-20  g  kg(-1) in @entity2247 . A reduced N fertilisation level resulted in a strong reduction of crude protein concentration in both cereal species. In @entity3505 , a decrease in N supply significantly enhanced the concentration of starch and crude fibre. In @entity2247 , only the concentration of @entity948 increased under FACE condition and reduced N fertilisation. The FACE did not have major effects on the concentrations of minerals, while the influence of N fertilisation was different for both cereals. Whereas no effects could be observed for @entity2247 , a reduced N supply caused a significant reduction in concentrations of @entity219 , @entity921 and @entity68 in @entity3505 . Furthermore, an undirected effect of atmospheric @entity515 and N fertilisation levels were found for the @entity535 concentrations. Based on these results, future scenarios of climate change would have an impact on the nutritional value of cereal grains.

title: The effect of free air @entity544 enrichment and XXXX fertilisation on the chemical composition and nutritional value of @entity3505 and @entity2247 grain.

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen']

entities_list: @entity921 :: ('MESH:D008345', 'Chemical') :: ['manganese']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity948 :: ('MESH:D005632', 'Chemical') :: ['fructose']

entities_list: @entity544 :: ('MESH:D002245', 'Chemical') :: ['carbon dioxide']

answer: @entity1568 :: (MESH:D009584,Chemical) :: ['nitrogen']


abstract: PURPOSE: The aim of our study was to evaluate in vivo the influence of @entity5 microcirculation data on therapy outcome. @entity1 AND METHODS: Tumor perfusion data of primary @entity189 (n = 14, @entity16178 ) who underwent preoperative chemoradiation have been analyzed (Table 1). The perfusion data were acquired at the beginning and at the end of therapy by use of an ultrafast T1-mapping sequence on a whole-body magnetic resonance imager. The @entity2287 - @entity12306 concentration-time-curves were evaluated for arterial blood and @entity5 before, during and after intravenous constant rate infusion and from that the perfusion index (PI) was calculated. Subsequent resection of the @entity5 allowed for a correlation of perfusion index values with the pathological classification. RESULTS: Nine @entity1 showed a T downstaging (ypT0-2, group 1), 5 @entity1 did not (ypT3, group 2). The initial mean perfusion index value of group 1 (n = 9) was 8.2 ml/min/100 g (+/- 2) and for group 2 (n = 5) 10.4 ml/min/100 g (+/- 0.4). The difference in perfusion index values before chemoradiation between group 1 and group 2 was significant different (p = 0.012, Mann-Whitney test). The perfusion index value at the end of therapy of group 1 (n = 6) was 9.6 ml/min/100 g (+/- 2.8) and for group 2 (n = 4) 10.7 ml/min/100 g (+/- 1.6). The difference in perfusion index values after chemoradiation between group 1 and group 2 was not significant different (Table 2). CONCLUSION: Our used perfusion index value combines 2 parameters: @entity5 perfusion and extraction fraction. Therefore a significant negative influence on therapy outcome of high perfusion index values could be explained possibly by areas with a high portion of high perfusion (e.g. av-shunts) and a low extraction fraction (= low exchange of nutrients). However, we could show a significant negative influence of high perfusion index values on therapy outcome (p = 0.012). Because the @entity5 stage has a significant influence on @entity5 -free survival, there is a possibility for using initial perfusion index values as a new prognostic factor in @entity189 without sphincter infiltration undergoing a preoperative chemoradiation. To examine this hypotheses a prospective trial is in preparation.

title: [Perfusion-index values evaluated by dynamic magnetic resonance imaging in advanced XXXX . A new predictor of response to preoperative radiochemotherapy?].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['rectal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity2287 :: ('MESH:D005682', 'Chemical') :: ['gadolinium']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['rectal carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to show, whether a certain prophylacting applicable radiation affects the cognition, particularly, the specific cognitive components P50, N100, P300 and N400 of auditory event related potentials (ERPs) during a short memory test. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Eleven @entity1 with @entity151 ( @entity151 ), who had presented complete response of disease after chemotherapy and radical radiotherapy in the lung, were prescribed to receive a prophylacting cranial irradiation (PCI) with a 6 MeV linear accelerator. The dose schedule was consisting of a total dose up to 30 Gy in 10 fractions, within 12 days (5 days a week). The psychophysiological approach before and after PCI was assessed by measurements of the auditory ERPs during a short memory performance using the digit-span Wechsler test. Components of ERP were recorded from 15 scalp electrodes. Additionally, symptomatology of @entity308 and @entity148 were assessed using Zung Self-Rating @entity308 Scale and Spielberger Anxiety Inventory, respectively, for pre- and post-PCI. RESULTS: No significant difference was noticed pre- and post-radiotherapy of all particular level of psychophysiological analysis concerning both the latencies and the amplitudes of ERPs auditory components P50, N100, P300 and N400 (P > 0.05, Wilcoxon signed test). Additionally, no changes were found with regard to behavioral performance (memory recall), @entity308 symptomatology and state @entity148 , according to pre- and post-radiation measurements. However, the self-reported @entity308 symptomatology showed that the @entity1 presented moderate @entity308 . CONCLUSION: No short-term psychophysiological @entity2359 was detected with this PCI schedule using these instruments, lending additional support to evidence suggesting the benefit of this certain PCI schedule for @entity1 with @entity151 .

title: Psychophysiological evaluation of short-term XXXX after prophylactic brain irradiation in @entity1 with @entity151 : a study of event related potentials.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity151 :: ('MESH:D055752', 'Disease') :: ['SCLC', 'small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity2359 :: ('MESH:D020258', 'Disease') :: ['neurotoxicity']

answer: @entity2359 :: (MESH:D020258,Disease) :: ['neurotoxicity']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: Infected pancreatic @entity39 diagnosed by fine needle aspiration (FNA) is generally considered an indication for surgery. Percutaneous drainage can postpone surgical intervention and in some cases can even have a therapeutic effect. Furthermore, targeted antibiotic therapy alone, based on bacterial cultures from FNA, can result in a full recovery. A retrospective analysis was carried out on the various treatment modalities of @entity39 . METHODOLOGY: Eighty @entity1 with @entity39 were treated in the Department of Surgery, Teaching County Hospital, Gy  r, Hungary between 1998 and 2003. Seventy-four @entity1 required surgical intervention, 12 of which underwent prior ultrasound or CT-guided drainage. RESULTS: In @entity1 with previous percutaneous drainage the average time to first surgical intervention was 30 days (n=12). However, in those @entity1 who did not undergo percutaneous drainage the time to initial surgical intervention was 15.6 days. This was statistically significant (p = 0.001). There was a full recovery in 3 out of the 15 @entity1 , who underwent percutaneous drainage. This figure of 20% corresponds with that in the published literature. Three of the total 80 @entity1 studied made a complete recovery when treated with targeted antibiotic therapy alone and did not require further radiological or surgical intervention. CONCLUSIONS: Our data indicate that percutaneous drainage can postpone surgical intervention. Furthermore, we demonstrate that percutaneous drainage alone can lead to full recovery in selected cases. In addition, targeted antibiotic therapy based on FNA may result in the complete recovery of a stable @entity1 without requiring radiological or surgical intervention.

title: Alternative treatment modalities of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis', 'infected pancreatic necrosis']

answer: @entity39 :: (MESH:D009336,Disease) :: ['infected pancreatic necrosis']


abstract: The denuded basal cell layer of the hairless @entity19 epidermis is described in the present scanning (SEM) and @entity1579 ( @entity1579 ) study. The suprabasal layers were removed mechanically after trypsinization or by extracellular @entity460 depletion. Trypsinization before removal of the suprabasal cells caused the basal cells to shrink. Characteristic surface plication and hemi-desmosomal attachment to the basement membrane were generally preserved. SEM revealed partly maintained intercellular bridging, whereas by @entity1579 such contacts were absent because half desmosomes were internalized. Total @entity460 depletion induced more serious damage to the basal cell surface, which was smooth with apparent perforations. However, cell bridges, and occasional desmosomes were present. The cell interior demonstrated important cellular injury. If the @entity460 deprived explants were allowed to recover in @entity460 -containing medium, the cells acquired an activated "regenerative" morphology, without junctions, similar to that observed in wound healing. Epidermal non-keratinocytes were seen only after trypsinization. Control experiments revealed that they adapted poorly to organ culture conditions. By @entity1579 , we observed several interesting aspects of the differences, between dark and clear basal keratinocytes. This was unexpected because fixation studies had shown, that with the present fixation method, typical dark and clear cells do not occur in untreated epidermis. We believe that membrane injury through mechanical stripping of partly adhering epidermal layers induced "clear cells", whereby the neighboring cells appeared darker. This provides additional evidence as to the origin of the two sub-populations, dark and clear basal cells. The clear cells may be injured cells, caused by cell damage, and not by processes of cellular differentiation. The results of the present investigation supports the view that basal keratinocytes have a polygonal shape with numerous free surface extensions and they are anchored to the basement membrane with "foot pads". Our study also shows that SEM of the epidermal basal layer might be feasible. Various artifacts, however, must be considered, depending on the denudation method used. We prefer trypsinization to @entity460 depletion because it is less time-consuming and results in a cell morphology which in @entity1579 is comparable to that of basal cells in untreated whole epidermis. Extra-cellular @entity460 depletion, however, might be useful as a method to prepare single cell suspensions for flow cytometry. Restoration of a normal @entity460 concentration after stripping, provides an opportunity to mimic wound healing in situ, as an alternative t

title: The morphology of the denuded epidermal basal cell layer of the hairless @entity19 after different preparation methods. A scanning and XXXX study.

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity1579 :: ('MESH:D017096', 'Disease') :: ['TEM', 'transmission electron microscopical']

answer: @entity1579 :: (MESH:D017096,Disease) :: ['transmission electron microscopical']


abstract: A 58-year-old male @entity1 with an unresectable 10 cm liver lesion that was a histologically proven @entity157 ( @entity157 ) underwent transcatheter hepatic artery embolisation (TAE). 4 months later, the @entity1 was referred for salvage radiotherapy owing to local recurrence. The @entity157 became an encapsulated @entity5 with central @entity39 after radiotherapy. The @entity1 enjoyed a normal lifestyle for 9 years, with local control achieved by radiotherapy, until a hepatogastric @entity292 developed. Although the hepatogastric @entity292 resolved with surgical drainage, the @entity1 later died from @entity326 . @entity292 is a rare but serious complication after TAE and radiotherapy for @entity157 . Development of @entity221 , @entity490 and @entity1087 after an initial symptom-free interval should arouse suspicion of hepatogastric @entity292 formation from an encapsulated @entity157 or a @entity5572 . Because the mortality is high, aspiration of a suspected @entity39 should be performed as soon as possible. @entity1 with risk factors, including liver @entity82 and large lesions close to the adjacent gastrointestinal tract, are especially vulnerable. Gas formation within a necrotic @entity96 requires immediate drainage.

title: @entity292 formation following transcatheter arterial embolisation and radiotherapy for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5572 :: ('MESH:D008100', 'Disease') :: ['ruptured liver abscess']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis', 'necrotic lesion']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity326 :: ('MESH:D012772', 'Disease') :: ['septic shock']

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['liver tumour']

entities_list: @entity292 :: ('MESH:D005402', 'Disease') :: ['Hepatogastric fistula', 'fistula']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'necrotic HCC', 'hepatocellular carcinoma']

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']


abstract: C57BL/6 @entity19 show @entity1374 when immunized with porcine thyroid peroxidase (pTPO) emulsified in @entity3795 . We attempted to clarify a thyroiditogenic epitope on pTPO. Thyroid peroxidase treated with @entity13518 was fractionated by reverse phase chromatography, and six fractions (A to F) were obtained. Two of these fractions (D and E) stimulated lymph node cells (LNC) primed with pTPO in vitro and induced @entity1374 in vivo. Tricine- @entity214 -PAGE and rechromatography showed that fraction D consisted solely of a fragment of Mr 9500 Da and that fraction E contained mainly fragments of Mr of 5400 and 9500 Da. The fragment of fraction D was rechromatographed and 20 @entity2733 -terminal @entity1522 were analyzed. This segment was found to correspond to residue 726-745 of pTPO deduced from cDNA at a probability of 80%. Four peptides ranging from residue 746-827 were first synthesized and tested for their thyroiditogenicity. Only @entity39791 (29 @entity1522 ) could stimulate LNC primed with pTPO and induce @entity1374 . @entity39791 was divided into two smaller peptides ( @entity39791 -1 and -2-2) and their thyroiditogenicity was tested again. @entity39791 -1 corresponding to residue 774-788, GPA-QITCTPRGWDSP, had thyroiditogenicity as well as the ability to stimulate LNC. It was thought that this segment was at least one of the thyroiditogenic epitopes on porcine thyroid peroxidase for C57BL/6 @entity19 .

title: Identification of thyroiditogenic epitope on porcine thyroid peroxidase for C57BL/6 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity13518 :: ('MESH:D003488', 'Chemical') :: ['cyanogen bromide']

entities_list: @entity1374 :: ('MESH:D013959', 'Disease') :: ['thyroiditis', 'thyroid lesions']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In @entity56 , the degree of skin test reactivity does not always correlate with the severity of clinical symptoms. Additional factors may contribute to the reported symptom severity. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the association between the magnitude of the skin prick test (SPT) response and the reported symptom severity in @entity1 with @entity2023 and the possible modifying role of psychological factors. METHODS: One hundred four @entity1 with @entity2023 and 23 with @entity2023 , classified according to their SPT response to 19 aeroallergens, were asked to rate the severity of five symptoms and to indicate whether their symptoms intensified on exposure to five common aeroallergens. They also completed a psychological questionnaire. Results Reported symptom severity of @entity2023 did not correlate with weal size for any of the aeroallergens tested or with the number of positive responses on SPT. It was not related to @entity1 age, sex, or education. The reported symptoms severity correlated positively (0.29, P < 0.01) with reported symptom intensification on exposure to allergens. Moreover, both outcomes were positively associated with the @entity16251 (0.20, P < 0.05 and 0.18, P < 0.05, respectively), and somatic awareness (0.24, P < 0.05 and 0.33, P < 0.01, respectively), but not with @entity663 . CONCLUSIONS: The severity of symptoms experienced by @entity1 with @entity2023 is apparently not related to the magnitude of SPT response, but rather to @entity16251 and somatic awareness. Physicians should be aware of the contribution of psychological factors to @entity1 perceptions of the intensity of symptoms and of the intensification of symptoms on their exposure to allergens.

title: Skin test results and self-reported symptom severity in XXXX : The role of psychological factors.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2023 :: ('MESH:D006255', 'Disease') :: ['non-allergic rhinitis', 'allergic rhinitis']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic conditions']

entities_list: @entity663 :: ('MESH:C564323', 'Disease') :: ['neuroticism']

entities_list: @entity16251 :: ('MESH:D006998', 'Disease') :: ['psychological factors of hypochondriasis']

answer: @entity2023 :: (MESH:D006255,Disease) :: ['allergic rhinitis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to compare left ventricular (LV) systolic and diastolic dyssynchrony parameters measured by phase analysis on gated single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) with those measured by @entity24732 ( @entity24732 ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two @entity1 groups were enrolled from the Chang Bing Show Chwan Memorial Hospital. The systolic group consisted of @entity1 with reduced LV ejection fraction (LVEF) of <50 % as assessed by routine echocardiography. The diastolic group consisted of @entity1 with normal LVEF (>50 %) and @entity67 according to routine echocardiography (E/A <1, E/E' >8). LV systolic and diastolic dyssynchrony parameters were calculated using @entity24732 as the maximal peak-time delay between peak radial strains of two opposing LV walls and as the standard deviation of the time to peak radial strains in 6 mid-LV segments. All of the @entity1 had gated SPECT MPI within 6    11 days post @entity24732 . Phase analysis was performed on the resting gated SPECT MPI images to calculate systolic and diastolic phase standard deviation and phase histogram bandwidth as markers of LV systolic and diastolic dyssynchrony, respectively. RESULTS: Fifty-two consecutive @entity1 (40 @entity1 , mean age = 66    13 years, LVEF = 34.4    10.2 %) were enrolled in the systolic group, whereas 30 consecutive @entity1 (15 @entity1 , mean age = 69    11 years, LVEF = 72.3    4.7 %, E/A all <1, E/E' = 11.7    2.2) were enrolled in the diastolic group. LV systolic and diastolic dyssynchrony parameters measured by phase analysis of gated SPECT MPI and @entity24732 were correlated well in both systolic and diastolic groups, respectively. CONCLUSION: Phase analysis on gated SPECT MPI showed good correlations with @entity24732 and is suitable for the assessment of LV systolic and diastolic dyssynchrony. As assessed with the phase analysis and @entity24732 techniques, the @entity1 with severe LV @entity299 had severe @entity1002 , but the @entity1 with @entity1002 were not necessarily with LV diastolic dyssynchrony, indicating that the LV diastolic dyssynchrony parameters characterized independent mechanisms of LV regional diastolic function.

title: @entity1002 assessed by phase analysis of gated SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging: a comparison with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity24732 :: ('MESH:C563256', 'Disease') :: ['STE', 'speckle tracking echocardiography']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['systolic dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['diastolic dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['LV systolic dyssynchrony', 'LV diastolic dysfunction']

answer: @entity24732 :: (MESH:C563256,Disease) :: ['speckle tracking echocardiography']


abstract: @entity1 extraocular muscles are unique in several ways including their endowment with proprioceptive organs. Aim of this study was to establish a classification of intrafusal muscle fibers of @entity1 extraocular muscles based on their histochemical and immunohistochemical properties and to determine their relationship to extrafusal extraocular muscle fiber types in this respect. Using light microscopy, intrafusal muscle fibers were followed on consecutive cross-sections and classified according to the localization of their myonuclei and to their enzyme- and @entity3999 -immunohistochemical characteristics. Sixteen muscle spindles in @entity1 extraocular muscles counted as 'true' spindles revealed 27% nuclear chain fibers [40.1 microm+/-10.4; perimeter+/-SD] and 73% anomalous fibers [44.1 microm+/-12]. Seven 'false' muscle spindles showed only anomalous fibers [43.8 microm+/-11.1] and entirely lacked nuclear chain fibers. Six fiber types were distinguished according to their histochemical and @entity3999 heavy chain immunohistochemical properties. Fiber type 1 [46.3 microm+/-13.3] was made up of fast-twitch @entity3999 heavy chain isoform. Fiber type 2 [39.5 microm+/-10] additionally expressed a developmental @entity3999 heavy chain isoform. Fiber type 3 [42.8 microm+/-10.4] consisted of pure slow-twitch positive muscle fibers. Slow-twitch MHC and fast-twitch @entity3999 heavy chain isoform were found in fiber type 4 [43.3 microm+/-9]. Fiber types 5 and 6 showed different @entity3999 heavy chain patterns than fiber types 1-4. The vast majority of nuclear chain fibers displayed fiber type 2 features, but 12% of nuclear chain fibers were found to be of fiber type 1. Among anomalous fibers in true spindles the frequency of fiber type 1 was much higher than in false spindles. On the other hand, fiber type 4 was found more often in false than in true spindles. With regard to their histochemical and immunohistochemical properties intrafusal muscle fibers in @entity1 extraocular muscles differ both from intrafusal muscle fibers in other skeletal muscles and from extrafusal muscle fibers in extraocular eye muscles. These conspicuous differences to skeletal muscle spindles relate to their morphology and @entity3999 heavy chain characteristics. In particular, the occurrence of anomalous fibers might reflect dynamic neuronal processes and might be necessary for modulating and adapting processes in advancing age, as well as maintaining proprioceptive input during the whole life.

title: Histochemical and immunohistochemical study on muscle fibers in XXXX extraocular muscle spindles.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: PURPOSE: To retrospectively determine if @entity1358 can be differentiated from high-attenuation @entity8 at unenhanced computed tomography (CT) based on Hounsfield unit measurements and heterogeneity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The @entity1 Investigation Committee at our institution approved this study with waiver of informed consent. This study was compliant with the HIPAA. Fifty-four pathologically proved @entity1358 in 54 @entity1 (36 @entity1 and 18 @entity1 ; average age, 53 years; range, 23-90 years) and 56 high-attenuation @entity8 in 51 @entity1 (30 @entity1 and 21 @entity1 ; average age, 63 years; range, 28-86 years) were retrospectively evaluated at unenhanced CT. Two independent readers reviewed randomized unenhanced CT images and obtained Hounsfield unit readings of each mass. A subjective @entity75 heterogeneity was also performed by using a four-point scale (1: homogeneous, 2: mildly heterogeneous, 3: moderately heterogeneous, 4: markedly heterogeneous). Statistical analysis was performed by using Bland-Altman regression tree, classification and regression tree, and Shapiro-Wilk normality test. RESULTS: The average attenuation of cysts for reader 1 was 53.4 HU (range, 23-113 HU) and for reader 2 was 53.8 HU (range, 21-108 HU). The average attenuation of @entity5 for reader 1 was 34.7 HU (range, 21-60 HU) and for reader 2 was 38.4 HU (range, 22-60 HU). For cyst heterogeneity, a score of 1 was given in 55 of 56 (98%) cysts for reader 1 and in 53 of 56 (95%) cysts for reader 2. For @entity5 heterogeneity, a score of 1 was given in 35 of 54 (65%) @entity5 for reader 1 and in 36 of 54 (67%) for reader 2. Given the distribution of cyst and @entity5 attenuation values and lesion heterogeneity, a homogeneous mass measuring 70 HU or greater at unenhanced CT has a greater than 99.9% chance of representing a high-attenuation @entity8 . CONCLUSION: The findings from this study may help differentiate high-attenuation @entity8 from @entity1358 at unenhanced CT and may suggest the next appropriate imaging study for definitive characterization.

title: Can high-attenuation XXXX be differentiated from @entity1358 at unenhanced CT?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'Human', 'men']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal cyst', 'renal cysts']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'neoplasms', 'neoplasm']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['determination of lesion']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['renal cell carcinomas', 'renal cell carcinoma']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['renal cysts']


abstract: This large-volume, single-institution review examines factors influencing long-term survival after resection in @entity1 with @entity420 of the head, neck, uncinate process, body, or tail of the pancreas. Between January 1984 and July 1999 inclusive, 616 @entity1 with @entity420 underwent surgical resection. A retrospective analysis of a prospectively collected database was performed. Both univariate and multivariate models were used to determine the factors influencing survival. Of the 616 @entity1 , 526 (85%) underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy for @entity420 of the head, neck, or uncinate process of the pancreas, 52 (9%) underwent distal pancreatectomy for @entity420 of the body or tail, and 38 (6%) underwent total pancreatectomy for @entity420 extensively involving the gland. The mean age of the @entity1 was 64.3 years, with 54% being male and 91% being white. The overall perioperative mortality rate was 2.3%, whereas the incidence of @entity260 was 30%. The median postoperative length of stay was 11 days. The mean @entity5 diameter was 3.2 cm, with 72% of @entity1 having positive lymph nodes, 30% having positive resection margins, and 36% having poorly differentiated @entity5 . @entity1 undergoing distal pancreatectomy for left-sided lesions had larger @entity5 (4.7 vs. 3.1 cm, P < 0.0001), but fewer node-positive resections (59% vs. 73%, P = 0.03) and fewer poorly differentiated @entity5 (29% vs. 36%, P < 0.001), as compared to those undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy for right-sided lesions. The overall survival of the entire cohort was 63% at 1 year and 17% at 5 years, with a median survival of 17 months. For right-sided lesions the 1- and 5-year survival rates were 64% and 17%, respectively, compared to 50% and 15% for left-sided lesions. Factors shown to have favorable independent prognostic significance by multivariate analysis were negative resection margins (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.64, confidence interval [CI] = 0.50 to 0.82, P = 0.0004), @entity5 diameter less than 3 cm (HR = 0.72, CI = 0.57 to 0.90, P = 0.004), estimated @entity190 less than 750 ml (HR = 0.75, CI = 0.58 to 0.96, P = 0.02), well/moderate @entity5 differentiation (HR = 0.71, CI = 0.56 to 0.90, P = 0.005), and @entity86 (HR = 0.50, CI = 0.39 to 0.64, P < 0.0001). @entity5 location in head, neck, or uncinate process approached significance in the final multivariate model (HR = 0.60, CI = 0.35 to 1.0, P = 0.06). Pancreatic resection remains the only hope for long-term survival in @entity1 with @entity420 . @entity5 characteristics including @entity5 size and degree of differentiation are important independent prognostic indicators. @entity1753 is a strong predictor of outcome and likely decreases the independent significance of @entity5 location and nodal status.

title: Resected XXXX @entity1 : results, outcomes, and prognostic indicators.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors', 'Completeness of resection and tumor', 'Tumor']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity1753 :: ('MESH:D001169', 'Disease') :: ['Adjuvant chemoradiation']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative chemoradiation']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma', 'adenocarcinoma of the pancreas']

answer: @entity420 :: (MESH:D000230,Disease) :: ['adenocarcinoma of the pancreas-616']


abstract: Recent reports have provided conflicting conclusions regarding the role for bone marrow (BM)-derived cells in the regeneration of liver. Our aim was to investigate the potential of BM to contribute to liver epithelium using different BM transplant models designed to explore differentiation during normal liver development and regeneration after @entity137 . BM cells from transgenic green fluorescent protein (GFP) @entity19 were injected into neonatal and adult immunodeficient and neonatal immune-competent @entity19 . Three distinct models of @entity99 were employed to test the contribution of marrow to the regeneration of hepatocytes, cholangiocytes, and oval cells in immune-deficient adult animals after neonatal transplant. Immunohistochemistry was combined with flow cytometry ( @entity10062 ) and reverse transcription (RT)-PCR to increase the sensitivity and specificity of the analyses. Although GFP+ marrow-derived cells were observed in the livers of all transplanted animals, immunohistochemistry failed to demonstrate any marrow derived hepatocytes or cholangiocytes. @entity10062 confirmed that GFP+ marrow-derived cells in the liver maintained expression of @entity8236 , a leukocyte marker. Gene expression studies of GFP+ cells isolated by @entity10062 failed to demonstrate expression of liver specific genes in these marrow-derived cells. CONCLUSION: Through highly sensitive and specific analyses, we were unable to demonstrate any evidence of transdifferentiation of BM-derived cells into epithelial hepatic tissue during the period of rapid growth in the neonatal period. Furthermore, although increased migration of hematopoietic cells to the liver occurred after @entity137 , these cells did not contribute directly to the replacement of hepatocytes, cholangiocytes, or oval cells.

title: Bone marrow fails to differentiate into liver epithelium during XXXX development and regeneration.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxic injury']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['liver injury']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['murine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: There is increasing evidence suggesting that development of progressive @entity235 @entity129 ( @entity129 ) @entity397 involves a gradual degeneration of the @entity129 itself, initiated by a combination of factors, ranging from mechanical to biochemical. To date, knowledge is lacking to what extent cruciate disease results from abnormal biomechanics on a normal ligament or contrary how far preliminary alterations of the ligament due to biochemical factors provoke abnormal biomechanics. This study is focused on @entity842 (NO), one of the potential biochemical factors. The NO-donor @entity1854 ( @entity4982 ) has been used to study NO-dependent cell death in @entity235 cranial and caudal cruciate ligament cells and to characterize signaling mechanisms during NO-stimulation. RESULTS: @entity1854 increased apoptotic cell death dose- and time-dependently in cruciate ligamentocytes. Cells from the @entity129 were more susceptible to apoptosis than CaCL cells. Caspase-3 processing in response to @entity4982 was not detected. Testing major upstream and signal transducing pathways, NO-induced cruciate ligament cell death seemed to be mediated on different levels. Specific inhibition of @entity4149 kinase significantly decreased @entity4982 -induced cell death. Mitogen activated protein kinase @entity23417 are activated upon NO and provide anti-apoptotic signals whereas p38 kinase and protein kinase C are not involved. Moreover, data showed that the inhibition reactive @entity26 species (ROS) significantly reduced the level of cruciate ligament cell death. CONCLUSIONS: Our data support the hypothesis that @entity235 cruciate ligamentocytes, independently from their origin ( @entity129 or CaCL) follow crucial signaling pathways involved in NO-induced cell death. However, the difference on susceptibility upon NO-mediated apoptosis seems to be dependent on other pathways than on these tested in the present study. In both, @entity129 and CaCL, the activation of the @entity4149 kinase and the generation of ROS reveal important signaling pathways. In perspective, new efforts to prevent the development and progression of cruciate disease may include strategies aimed at reducing ROS.

title: @entity842 induces cell death in @entity235 cruciate ligament cells by activation of @entity4149 kinase and reactive XXXX species.

entities_list: @entity129 :: ('MESH:D003389', 'Disease') :: ['cranial cruciate ligament', 'CCL']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity1854 :: ('MESH:D009599', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium nitroprusside', 'Sodium nitroprusside']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

answer: @entity26 :: (MESH:D010100,Chemical) :: ['oxygen']


abstract: The clinical features of 106 @entity1 of @entity12040 ( @entity12040 ) seen over a period of 16 years are documented (65 females and 41 males). The mean age was 27.3 +/- 9.2 years. @entity101 was the commonest mode of presentation (51.3%) and was detected in 82 @entity1 (77.4%) at the time of presentation. Vascular bruits were heard in 72 @entity1 (67.9%) and 13 @entity1 (12.3%) were in @entity712 . Aortography was performed in 95 @entity1 . Based on the extent of involvement, Type I (branches of aortic arch) was seen in 7 (6.6%) @entity1 , @entity1605 (aortic arch, its branches and descending thoracic aorta) in 7 (6.6%) @entity1 , Type III (descending thoracic aorta and abdominal aorta) in 4 (3.8%) @entity1 , Type IV (abdominal aorta only) in 29 (27.3%) @entity1 and Type V (aortic arch, descending thoracic aorta and abdominal aorta) in 59 (55.7%) @entity1 . Therapeutic modalities included antihypertensive drug therapy in 81 patients, antitubercular drugs in 8 @entity1 , steroids in 16 @entity1 and @entity786 in one @entity1 . Response to @entity230 was satisfactory in 5 of these 16 @entity1 while the lesions of @entity1333 healed in the @entity1 who was treated with @entity786 . Surgical interventions included @entity8 in 3 @entity1 each and revascularization in 4 @entity1 and angioplasty in 4 @entity1 . In the area of pathogenesis of this disease, a high activity of protein kinase C( @entity6164 ), an increased intracellular @entity460 and @entity671 in both unstimulated and stimulated T cells of @entity12040 was observed. These findings suggest an activation of @entity6164 - @entity460 pathway in @entity12040 .

title: Current status of XXXX in India.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity671 :: ('MESH:D015544', 'Chemical') :: ['inositol 1,4,5 triphosphate']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['nephrectomy and autotransplantation of kidney']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['Hypertension']

entities_list: @entity1333 :: ('MESH:D014657', 'Disease') :: ['vasculitis']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity12040 :: ('MESH:D013625', 'Disease') :: ['TA', 'Takayasu arteritis']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

answer: @entity12040 :: (MESH:D013625,Disease) :: ['Takayasu arteritis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Airway @entity32 in @entity565 causes symptoms, airflow limitation and bronchial hyper-responsiveness. The strategy of @entity565 management is to reduce airway @entity32 by drug treatment and avoidance of triggers, including allergens. OBJECTIVE: We determined the effect of exposure to house dust mite (HDM) allergens on bronchial responsiveness in asthmatics sensitive to mites while under optimal drug treatment. METHODS: We studied 71 mild to moderate HDM-sensitive asthmatics. Drug treatment sufficient to keep @entity565 under control was administered to each @entity1 for 1 year. Subjects were divided into two groups, according to the amount of Der @entity3881 in their bedrooms measured after standard HDM reduction measures: low Der @entity3881 exposure (0.64 +/- 0.5 microg/g dust) (Group 1, n = 34) and high Der @entity3881 exposure (12.5 +/- 11.4 microg/g) (Group 2, n = 37). Bronchial responsiveness to @entity2710 (PD20FEV1) was determined at the beginning and end of the study. RESULTS: In Group 1, PD20FEV1 increased 2.15-fold at the end of the study from 57 to 123 microg (P < 0.05), whereas in Group 2 no significant changes were observed. The subjects in Group 2 tended to increase the use of inhaled @entity230 and bronchodilators in the autumn months compared with subjects in Group 1, but the difference was not significant. CONCLUSION: This long-term study shows that exposure to lower levels of mite allergens in the bedroom is associated with a decrease of bronchial hyper-responsiveness in sensitized asthmatic subjects under optimal drug treatment.

title: Low domestic exposure to house dust mite allergens (Der XXXX ) is associated with a reduced non-specific bronchial hyper-responsiveness in mite-sensitized asthmatic subjects under optimal drug treatment.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity2710 :: ('MESH:D016210', 'Chemical') :: ['methacholine']

answer: @entity3881 :: (1423,Gene) :: ['p 1']


abstract: Drug-resistant derivatives of serovar-specific virulence plasmids, such as pSLT, in clinically-relevant @entity2491 strains, represent a threat for @entity1 health. We have analysed 14 @entity2491 isolates recovered in Italy and the United Kingdom from @entity1707 and from cases of @entity1 @entity281 for the presence of virulence-resistance (VR) plasmids. They were negative for the multidrug resistance (MDR) region of the @entity2491 genomic island 1 (SGI1), but expressed resistance to @entity869 , @entity2755 , @entity3639 / @entity6760 , @entity207 , and @entity2930 . The isolates were characterised by XbaI pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, multilocus sequence typing, and detection of resistance and virulence determinants (PCR/sequencing). Identification of VR plasmids was accomplished by PCR detection of bla genes (encoding @entity869 resistance), class 1 integrons and the pSLT virulence gene spvC. Plasmid analyses were performed by alkaline lysis, S1-nuclease digestion, replicon typing, conjugation, restriction analyses, and Southern blot/hybridization. Two blaOXA-1 positive isolates contained pSLT-derived plasmids related to pUO-StVR2. In nine isolates, eight from @entity1707 and one from a @entity1 , MDR-conferring-IncFII-VR plasmids were detected. They contained the @entity27240 gene as well as a nonconventional class 1 integron with dfrA12-aadA2 gene cassettes in its variable region, and a sul3 gene in the 3' conserved segment. Restriction analysis suggested a novel pSLT variant. The results obtained underline the role of @entity1707 as a potential reservoir for the @entity27240 -IncFII-plasmids. The occurrence and spread of virulence- and MDR-conferring plasmids should be considered as a potential public health problem.

title: XXXX virulence-resistance plasmids derived from the pSLT carrying nonconventional class 1 integrons with dfrA12 gene in their variable region and sul3 in the 3' conserved segment.

entities_list: @entity2491 :: ('90371', 'Species') :: ['Salmonella', 'S. Typhimurium', 'Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2930 :: ('MESH:D013754', 'Chemical') :: ['tetracyclines']

entities_list: @entity3639 :: ('MESH:D013307', 'Chemical') :: ['streptomycin']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity207 :: ('MESH:D013420', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfamethoxazole']

entities_list: @entity869 :: ('MESH:D000667', 'Chemical') :: ['ampicillin']

entities_list: @entity2755 :: ('MESH:D002701', 'Chemical') :: ['chloramphenicol']

entities_list: @entity6760 :: ('MESH:D000198', 'Chemical') :: ['spectinomycin']

answer: @entity2491 :: (90371,Species) :: ['Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium']


abstract: Diet and exercise are the cornerstones of treatment for @entity1 with @entity6 , yet @entity1 find these areas of self-management to be the most difficult. Considerable research has indicated that barriers to diet and exercise are critical influences determining adherence to diet and exercise plans. Standards of practice require educators to assess @entity1 barriers to self-management. However, little research has investigated whether @entity1 and educators perceive these barriers similarly. This project's objectives were to compare and contrast @entity1 ' and educators' perspectives of @entity1 barriers to following a meal or exercise plan, and to identify differences in @entity1 ' perceived barriers as related to @entity1 characteristics. @entity1 with @entity6 (n = 97) from three eastern Washington area hospitals and @entity6 educators (n = 143) from the Washington Association of @entity6 Educators (WADE) were recruited for a mail survey. From the @entity1 survey, the proportion of @entity1 on meal plan (52%) or exercise plan (26%) was low. Certain barriers were prominent for both @entity1 and educators relative to diet (difficulty maintaining a diet away from home, liking foods not in the meal plan) and exercise (not a high priority, weather). However, multivariate analyses indicated that @entity1 and educators view barriers differently. Similarities and differences between educators and @entity1 in response to barriers are discussed relative to enhancing @entity6 counseling and education, and overall communication between educators and @entity1 .

title: A comparison of views of individuals with XXXX and @entity6 educators about barriers to diet and exercise.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetes', 'diabetes', 'type 2 diabetes mellitus']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['type 2 diabetes mellitus']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Assess efficacy of intrapartum intravenous (i.v.) insulin and effect of antepartum and intrapartum @entity6 control on various measures of clinical @entity4053 . DESIGN: Retrospective chart review. SETTING: Regional @entity6 in Pregnancy Clinic. RESULTS: Maternal @entity4053 occurred intrapartum in 56% of subjects. Mean delivery blood @entity413 with intravenous insulin use was 6.7mmol/l. Capillary blood @entity413 <2.2mmol/l occurred in 69% of neonates and 44% received intravenous @entity413 . Maternal delivery @entity413 >6.5mmol/l correlated with occurrence of neonatal @entity413 <2.2mmol/l but not requirement for i.v. @entity413 or NICU admission. A third trimester HbA1c >6.5% had a stronger association with NICU admission and i.v. @entity413 requirement. CONCLUSIONS: Blood @entity413 at delivery >6.5mmol/l predicts @entity4053 but does not correlate with severity. Chronic maternal @entity4854 , reflected by pre-delivery HbA1c, predicts severe fetal hyperinsulinism and requirement for aggressive intervention. This stresses the importance of a target third trimester @entity4051 c of <6.5%.

title: Antepartum and intra-partum insulin management of type 1 and type 2 XXXX women: Impact on clinically significant @entity4053 .

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetes', 'diabetic']

entities_list: @entity4053 :: ('MESH:D007003', 'Disease') :: ['hypoglycemia', 'neonatal hypoglycemia']

entities_list: @entity4854 :: ('MESH:D006943', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemia']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetic']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To identify how @entity146 residents perceive their ability to conduct violence risk assessments and the risk factors they considered relevant in an emergency department setting. METHOD: We surveyed 55 of 159 @entity146 residents at the University of Toronto as to their experience and education in assessing suicide and violence risk. The residents, and a comparison group of 11 of 16 staff psychiatrists in the Law and Mental Health program at the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, then participated in a mock interview with one of the authors. The subjects were directed to ask for all risk factors that would be relevant in determining the violence risk of a hypothetical @entity1 with homicidal ideation. The risk factors they requested were compared with the risk factors found in the Historical, Clinical and Risk Management-20 (HCR-20) structured clinical judgment tool. RESULTS: Psychiatric residents, on average, inquired about 6 fewer HCR-20 risk factors than staff psychiatrists (8.5, compared with 14.7). The number of HCR-20 items identified by residents correlated with several items; more risk factors were elicited by residents in a higher year of training, those who had received more formal and informal education, the number of @entity1 for whom they had discharged a duty to warn, and the number of suicidal and violent @entity1 they had previously assessed. Confidence at assessing violence risk was not correlated with performance. CONCLUSIONS: Psychiatric residents identify significantly fewer risk factors for violence than staff psychiatrists. Resident performance was correlated with increasing experience and education. It was not related to self-confidence in performing this task.

title: Quality of resident violence risk assessments in XXXX emergency settings.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

answer: @entity146 :: (MESH:D001523,Disease) :: ['psychiatric']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to project the future disability @entity5746 associated with increased temperature in future in temperate and subtropical regions of Australia in order to provide recommendations for public health policy to respond to climate change. METHODS: @entity717 ( @entity717 ) were used as the measure of the @entity66 in this study. Regions in temperate and subtropical Australia were selected for this study. Future temperature change scenarios in the study were based on Australian projections, developed by the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO). @entity717 for @entity5746 in 2000 were calculated as the baseline data. @entity717 for @entity5746 in 2030 and 2050 under future temperature change scenarios were projected based on the quantitative relationship between temperature and disease examined in previously published regression models. Future demographic change was also considered in this analysis. RESULTS: Compared with the @entity717 in 2000, increasing temperature and demographic changes may lead to a 9%-48% increase in the @entity717 for @entity5746 by 2030 and a 31%-87% increase by 2050 in the temperate region, and a 51%-100% increase by 2030 and an 87%-143% increase by 2050 in the subtropical region, if other factors remain constant. CONCLUSION: Temperature-related health @entity5746 in Australia may increase in the future due to change in climate and demography in the absence of effective public health interventions. Relevant public health strategies should be developed at an early stage to prevent and reduce the health burden of climate change.

title: Projected @entity66 for XXXX due to increased temperature in Australian temperate and subtropical regions.

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['YLDs', 'Years Lost due to Disabilities']

entities_list: @entity5746 :: ('MESH:D012480', 'Disease') :: ['Salmonella infection', 'burden of Salmonella infection']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['burden of disease']

answer: @entity5746 :: (MESH:D012480,Disease) :: ['Salmonella infection']


abstract: The cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor ( @entity10610 ) @entity5438 ( @entity13525 ) is a negative regulator of cell cycling and has antitumor effects. In our previous study, the recombinant adenovirus expressing wild-type @entity5438 ( @entity13525 ) (Adp27-wt) induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, and proved that @entity5438 is a @entity5 suppressor gene like @entity876 . Another adenovirus vector expressing mutant @entity5438 ( @entity13525 ) (Adp27-mt), which inhibited degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome system, showed increased protein stability and caused a stronger induction of apoptosis. Recently, the @entity13525 ) protein binding with @entity26176 ( @entity26176 ) was found to translocate from the nucleus into the cytosol, and then become degraded by the 26S proteasome system. The inhibition of nuclear-cytoplasmic translocation increases the protein stability of @entity5438 ( @entity13525 ) and @entity5438 ( @entity13525 ) with a deletion of the @entity26176 -binding region ( @entity5438 -jab-d) is not translocated and not degraded. Therefore, a new recombinant adenovirus (Adp27-jab-d) expressing @entity5438 -jab-d was made which was able to induce greater @entity137 . Adp27-jab-d inhibited the growth of @entity1 @entity201 cell line ( @entity1 ) cells in vitro at 3.3 times (IC(50)) lower concentration than Adp27-wt. Moreover, in a xenografted @entity791 ( @entity791 ) @entity19 model injected with @entity1 cells in the subcutaneous tissue, treatment by intratumor injection of Adp27-jab-d once a day for 3 days after the @entity5 was established, inhibited @entity5 growth more strongly than Adp27-wt or Adp27-mt and even induced @entity5 regression. However, the flow cytometric TUNEL assay showed little enhancement of apoptosis. Adp27-jab-d was thought to induce not only apoptosis but also @entity39 , which was due to a specific effect of the Adp27-jab-d. Thus, by enhancing the @entity137 through inhibiting the translocaton of @entity5438 ( @entity13525 ), @entity5438 ( @entity13525 ) lacking the @entity26176 -binding region might be useful for @entity5 therapy. The control protein localization might also be a new target not only for @entity5 treatment, but also other diseases.

title: Overexpression of adenovirus-mediated @entity13525 lacking the @entity26176 -binding region enhances XXXX and inhibits xenografted @entity1 @entity201 growth.

entities_list: @entity26176 :: ('10987', 'Gene') :: ['Jun activating binding protein 1', 'Jab1']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity201 :: ('MESH:D018281', 'Disease') :: ['cholangiocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity791 :: ('MESH:D000163', 'Disease') :: ['SCID', 'severe combined immuno-deficient']

answer: @entity137 :: (MESH:D064420,Disease) :: ['cytotoxicity']


abstract: Twenty-two @entity1 with advanced @entity263 and one with @entity1067 were given the @entity1176 analogue @entity3086 in the form of a slow-release depot formulation by subcutaneous injection at doses of 3.75, 7.5, 15 or 30 mg. Following the first dose, drug levels were measured by a double-antibody RIA over an observation period of 5 weeks. Thereafter @entity1 continued long-term subcutaneous treatment at the same dose every 4 weeks. Serum levels of @entity3086 showed a rapid increase immediately after injection, reaching a peak proportional to dose within 3 h (range of mean values 13.1-54.5 ng/ml). Subsequently, mean drug levels declined to a plateau proportional to dose (0.49-1.99 ng/ml at 5 weeks). A significant dose-dependent increase in the area under the serum concentration-time curve from zero to 35 days (AUC0-35 days) from 541.7 to 1653.9 ng/ml.h was also noted (p less than 0.01). With all doses there was an initial rise in serum LH and FSH, followed by a rise in @entity251 and @entity586 , then a sharp decrease within 3 weeks. FSH inhibition was achieved in all the 20 evaluable @entity1 and was maintained in 17 of them (85%) over 5 weeks. Fifteen subjects (75%) had marked suppression of LH levels. In 13 of them (65%) this condition continued for the entire observation time. Castration levels of serum @entity251 and @entity586 , however, were maintained in all @entity1 for up to 5 weeks. Two of the 21 evaluable @entity1 (10%) had a complete response; 15 a partial response (71%) and 3 stable disease (14%). No significant differences were observed in relation to dose. Clinical improvement and serum hormonal changes support this as a new and superior method of administration of @entity3086 at a dose as low as 3.75 mg.

title: Pharmacokinetics, endocrine and antitumour effects of @entity3086 depot ( XXXX -SR) in advanced @entity263 : a dose-response evaluation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3086 :: ('MESH:D016729', 'Chemical') :: ['leuprolide']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity586 :: ('MESH:D013196', 'Chemical') :: ['dihydrotestosterone']

entities_list: @entity1067 :: ('MESH:D011470', 'Disease') :: ['benign prostatic hypertrophy']

answer: @entity3086 :: (MESH:D016729,Chemical) :: ['TAP-144']