abstract: UNASSIGNED: Cel7A cellobiohydrolases perform processive hydrolysis on one strand of cellulose, which is threaded through the enzyme's substrate binding tunnel. The tunnel structure results from a groove in the catalytic domain, which is covered by a number of loops. These loops have been identified as potential targets for engineering of this industrially important enzyme family, but only few systematic studies on this have been made. Here we show that two @entity2734 residues (N194 and N197) positioned in the loop covering the glucopyranose subsite -4 (recently denoted B2 loop) of the thermostable Cel7A from @entity35916 had profound effects on both substrate interactions and catalytic efficacy. At room temperature the double mutant @entity35917 / @entity35918 showed strongly reduced substrate affinity with a water-cellulose partitioning coefficient three-fold lower than the wild type. Yet, this variant was catalytically efficient with a maximal turnover about twice as high as the wild type. Analogous but smaller changes were found for the single mutants. Analysis of these changes in affinity and kinetics as a function of temperature, led to the conclusion that replacement of N194 and particularly N197 with @entity3929 leads to faster @entity2246 . Conversely, these residues appeared to have little or no effect on the rate of association. We suggest that the controlled adjustment of the @entity2246 prompts faster cellulolytic enzymes. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Loop variants of the thermophile XXXX Cel7A with improved activity against cellulose.

entities_list: @entity2734 :: ('CHEBI:17196', 'Chemical') :: ['asparagine']

entities_list: @entity35916 :: ('68825', 'Species') :: ['Rasamsonia emersonii']

entities_list: @entity2246 :: ('MESH:D008661', 'Disease') :: ['enzyme-substrate dissociation']

answer: @entity35916 :: (68825,Species) :: ['Rasamsonia emersonii']


abstract: OBJECT: Trigeminal @entity9 @entity158 @entity31893 @entity717 . Stereotactic radiosurgery is the least invasive surgical option for @entity1 with @entity4254 . Since different medical and surgical options have different rates of @entity158 relief and morbidity, it is important to evaluate longer-term outcomes. METHODS: The authors retrospectively reviewed outcomes in 503 medically refractory @entity1 with @entity4254 who underwent Gamma Knife surgery (GKS). The median @entity1 age was 72 years (range 26-95 years). Prior surgery had failed in 205 @entity1 (43%). The GKS typically was performed using MR imaging guidance, a single 4-mm isocenter, and a maximum dose of 80 Gy. RESULTS: @entity1 were evaluated for up to 16 years after GKS; 107 @entity1 had > 5 years of follow-up. Eighty-nine percent of @entity1 achieved @entity158 relief that was adequate or better, with or without medications (Barrow Neurological Institute [BNI] Scores I-IIIb). Significant @entity158 relief (BNI Scores I-IIIa) was achieved in 73% at 1 year, 65% at 2 years, and 41% at 5 years. Including Score IIIb ( @entity158 adequately controlled with medication), a BNI score of I-IIIb was found in 80% at 1 year, 71% at 3 years, 46% at 5 years, and 30% at 10 years. A faster @entity158 response including adequate and some @entity158 relief was seen in @entity1 with @entity4254 without additional symptoms, @entity1 without prior surgery, and @entity1 with a @entity158 duration of < or = 3 years. One hundred ninety-three (43%) of 450 @entity1 who achieved @entity158 relief reported some recurrent @entity158 3-144 months after initial relief (median 50 months). Factors associated with earlier @entity158 recurrence that failed to maintain adequate or some @entity158 relief were @entity4254 with additional symptoms and > or = 3 prior failed surgical procedures. Fifty-three @entity1 (10.5%) developed new or increased subjective @entity809 or numbness and 1 developed deafferentation @entity158 ; these symptoms resolved in 17 @entity1 . Those who developed sensory loss had better long-term @entity158 control (78% at 5 years). CONCLUSIONS: Gamma Knife surgery proved to be safe and effective in the treatment of medically refractory @entity4254 and is of value for initial or recurrent @entity158 management. Despite the goal of minimizing sensory loss with this procedure, some sensory loss may improve long-term outcomes. @entity158 relapse is amenable to additional GKS or another procedure.

title: Gamma Knife stereotactic radiosurgery for idiopathic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4254 :: ('MESH:D014277', 'Disease') :: ['trigeminal neuralgia']

entities_list: @entity809 :: ('MESH:D010292', 'Disease') :: ['facial paresthesias']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['Pain', 'pain', 'initial pain']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['severe disability']

entities_list: @entity9 :: ('MESH:D009437', 'Disease') :: ['neuralgia']

answer: @entity4254 :: (MESH:D014277,Disease) :: ['trigeminal neuralgia']


abstract: @entity5 are driven by a population of cells with the stem cell properties of self-renewal and unlimited growth. As a subpopulation within the @entity5 mass, these cells are believed to constitute a @entity5 cell reservoir. Pathways controlling the renewal of normal stem cells are deregulated in @entity5 . The polycomb group gene @entity3752 , which is required for neural stem cell self-renewal and also controls anti-oxidant defense in neurons, is upregulated in several @entity5 , including @entity2946 . We have found that @entity3752 is consistently and highly expressed in GBM. Downregulation of @entity3752 by shRNAs induced a differentiation phenotype and reduced expression of the stem cell markers @entity4731 and Nestin. Interestingly, expression of @entity9459 ( @entity9459 ), which was found to be consistently expressed in primary GBM, also declined. This suggests a functional link between @entity3752 and @entity9459 . Interference with @entity9459 activity by siRNA, the specific inhibitor @entity25650 , or @entity13557 ( @entity4113 ) induced @entity5 cell differentiation. In addition, @entity5 cell apoptosis was enhanced, the formation of neurospheres was impaired, and clonogenicity reduced in a dose-dependent manner. GBM cell lines consist mainly of @entity5439 -negative ( @entity5439 -) cells. Interestingly, ex vivo cells from @entity5 biopsies allowed the identification of a @entity5439 - subpopulation of cells that express stem cell markers and are depleted by inactivation of @entity9459 . Drugs that inhibit GSK3, including the @entity146 drug @entity4113 , may deplete the GBM stem cell reservoir independently of @entity5439 status.

title: XXXX regulates differentiation and growth arrest in glioblastoma.

entities_list: @entity13557 :: ('MESH:D018021', 'Chemical') :: ['lithium chloride']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Cancers', 'cancers', 'cancer', 'primary tumor']

entities_list: @entity9459 :: ('2932', 'Gene') :: ['glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta', 'GSK3beta']

entities_list: @entity2946 :: ('MESH:D008527', 'Disease') :: ['medulloblastoma']

answer: @entity9459 :: (2932,Gene) :: ['GSK3beta']


abstract: @entity1145 is one of the least common @entity4297 representing less than 3% of all reported cases. The course and prognosis depends on the underlying anatomy; however, the prognosis is guarded in all cases. Intraoperative mortality is between 5% to 7%. Without surgical treatment, these @entity1 die. Of those who have surgery, more than half survive until their second decade. At approximately 15 years of age, the mortality rate increases as a result of @entity712 , @entity3885 , and @entity943 . Surgical repair for @entity1 with @entity1145 involves palliative surgery in infancy followed by corrective surgery when the @entity1 is three to four years of age. The Fontan procedure is the surgical procedure of choice for @entity1 undergoing corrective surgery for @entity1145 . It involves anastomosing the pulmonary artery to the right atrium to create a connection between the systemic venous and pulmonary circulation. @entity1 undergoing corrective surgery for @entity1145 require diversified nursing care. Nurses from the cardiovascular unit, the operating room, and the pediatric intensive care unit work interdependently to facilitate the transition of the @entity1 and family through the various stages of the hospitalization. As a result of a collaborative and comprehensive nursing approach, these @entity1 and families may have a more positive experience.

title: XXXX . Surgical treatment, pediatric nursing care.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children', 'child']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure']

entities_list: @entity1145 :: ('MESH:D018785', 'Disease') :: ['tricuspid atresia', 'Tricuspid atresia']

entities_list: @entity3885 :: ('MESH:D008173', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary vascular obstructive disease']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['dysrhythmias']

entities_list: @entity4297 :: ('MESH:D006330', 'Disease') :: ['congenital heart defects']

answer: @entity1145 :: (MESH:D018785,Disease) :: ['Tricuspid atresia']


abstract: Accumulating evidence indicates protective actions of mineralocorticoid antagonists (MR antagonists) on @entity65 , which includes blunting @entity32 and @entity296 . We examined the anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic potential of MR antagonists in rodent respiratory models. In an ovalbumin allergic and challenged Brown @entity35 model, the total cell count in nasal lavage was 29,348    5451, which was blocked by @entity1482 (0.3-60 mg/kg, p.o.) and @entity14292 (0.3-30 mg/kg, p.o.). We also found that MR antagonists attenuated @entity55 in the Brown @entity35 . A series of experiments were conducted to determine the actions of MR blockade in acute/chronic @entity651 models. (1) Ex vivo lung slice @entity35 experiments found that @entity14292 (0.01 and 10   M) and @entity1482 (10   M) diminished lung @entity720 concentrations by 55    5, 122    9, and 83    8%. (2) In in vivo studies, MR antagonists attenuated the increases in bronchioalveolar lavage (BAL) neutrophils and macrophages caused by lung @entity1732 exposure. In separate studies, @entity1732 (4.0 U/kg, i.t.) increased lung levels of @entity720 by approximately 155%, which was blocked by @entity1482 (10-60 mg/kg, p.o.). In a @entity35 Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) model, @entity1482 inhibited acute increases in BAL cytokines with moderate effects on neutrophils. Finally, we found that chronic LPS exposure significantly increased end expiratory lung and decreased lung elastance in the @entity19 . These functional effects of chronic LPS were improved by MR antagonists. Our results demonstrate that MR antagonists have significant pharmacological actions in the respiratory system.

title: Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists attenuate @entity55 and XXXX -evoked fibrosis in rodent models.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['vascular inflammation']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1482 :: ('MESH:D013148', 'Chemical') :: ['spironolactone']

entities_list: @entity14292 :: ('MESH:C414690', 'Chemical') :: ['eplerenone']

entities_list: @entity651 :: ('MESH:D055370', 'Disease') :: ['lung injury']

entities_list: @entity720 :: ('CHEBI:18095', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxyproline']

entities_list: @entity1732 :: ('MESH:D001761', 'Chemical') :: ['bleomycin']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular pathology']

answer: @entity1732 :: (MESH:D001761,Chemical) :: ['bleomycin']


abstract: Fifty-one @entity1 were operated with reconstruction for an isolated @entity130 from 1997 to 2005. Forty-three of these @entity1 were followed during a median period of 48 months (17-109). Median time from injury to surgery was 18 months (2-368). Five @entity1 were operated within the first 6 months after the injury. Nineteen @entity1 had a BPTB autograft, 24 had a hamstring tendon autograft, and seven @entity1 in the hamstring group had a double-bundle femoral fixation. Clinical assessment included Lysholm knee score, International Knee Documentation Committee 2000 (IKDC) scores, Cincinnati score, Tegner score, KOOS score, VAS score, stress radiographs, and a functional test. The median Lysholm score at follow-up was 80 (32-95). Median Tegner score before injury was 7 (1-10) and at follow-up 6 (0-9). Median Cincinnati and IKDC 2000 scores were 74 (12-100) and 63 (24-100), respectively. The mean VAS for subjective assessment of knee function was 67.6 (SD = 22.9). The radiologically measured difference in posterior tibial translation between operated and non-injured knees was mean 8.4 mm (SD =4.8). Four different functional tests showed function of the operated leg from 92% (25-128) to 95% (15-124) compared to the opposite leg. This study shows good functional outcome after reconstruction for isolated rupture of the posterior cruciate ligament. However, @entity158 and instability are still a problem, as only three @entity1 reported full Lysholm subscore indicating full stability, and only four @entity1 reported full subscore indicating no knee @entity158 .

title: Clinical outcome after reconstruction for isolated posterior cruciate XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['PCL injury']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['ligament injury']


abstract: We report a case of small-cell @entity0 . The @entity1 was a 54-year-old Japanese @entity1 with a left breast mass. Mammography revealed a 1.2-cm microlobulated mass with partially ill-defined borders. Ultrasonography disclosed a hypoechoic mass measuring 1.8   1.2   1.2 cm with heterogeneous internal echoes and partially ill-defined borders. The shape of the mass was round and taller than it was wide in the orthogonal section to the longest axis of the mass. These imaging findings suggested a @entity5 . Fine-needle aspiration cytology of the @entity5 also suggested a @entity513 . Breast-conserving surgery was performed with axillary sentinel lymph node biopsy. A diagnosis of small-cell @entity0 was made based on the histologic and immunohistochemical findings. This rare @entity0 has been reported to be @entity146 and associated with a poor prognosis; however, our @entity1 is currently well and has had no clinical recurrence of the disease after 5 years of follow-up without radiotherapy or chemotherapy. Therefore, the prognosis may be better if the @entity5 is detected early and there is an absence of lymph node @entity3 .

title: Primary small-cell XXXX : a case report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma of the breast', 'breast tumor']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'malignant tumor']

entities_list: @entity513 :: ('MESH:D044584', 'Disease') :: ['ductal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['carcinoma of the breast']


abstract: Segregation effects may vary between areas (e.g., counties) of low and high low birth weight (LBW; <2,500 g) and @entity600 ( @entity600 ; <37 weeks of gestation) rates due to interactions with area differences in risks and resources. We assess whether the effects of residential segregation on county-level LBW and @entity600 rates for African-American @entity1 vary by the prevalence of these conditions. The study sample includes 368 counties of 100,000 or more residents and at least 50 African-American live births in 2000. Residentially segregated counties are identified alternatively by county-level dissimilarity and isolation indices. Quantile regression is used to assess how residential segregation affects the entire distributions of county-level LBW and @entity600 rates (i.e. by prevalence). Residential segregation increases LBW and @entity600 rates significantly in areas of low prevalence, but has no such effects for areas of high prevalence. As a sensitivity analysis, we use metropolitan statistical area level data and obtain similar results. Our findings suggest that residential segregation has adverse effects mainly in areas of low prevalence of LBW and @entity600 , which are expected overall to have fewer risk factors and more resources for @entity1 health, but not in high prevalence areas, which are expected to have more risk factors and fewer resources. Residential policies aimed at area resource improvements may be more effective.

title: Residential segregation and the health of African-American XXXX : does the effect vary by prevalence?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['infants', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['preterm birth', 'PTB']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['infants']


abstract: Henoch-Sch  nlein @entity4125 (HSP) is a @entity1333 that often involves the kidneys with a IgA @entity8 indistinguishable from @entity28295 . It can affect @entity1 of any age, even though an uneven distribution of prevalence and severity of @entity8 is commonly observed as the renal involvement with transient @entity811 without renal functional impairment is much more frequent in @entity1 than in adults. The Italian Group of Renal Immunopathology analyzed a cohort of HSP @entity1 with the homogeneous criterium of a @entity8 severe enough to indicate renal biopsy both in adults and in @entity1 . We report the clinical features of 219 HSP @entity1 (136 adults and 83 @entity1 ) enrolled from 43 Italian Centers of Nephrology. The diagnosis was based on the detection of IgA @entity8 in a clinical setting of palpable @entity951 . The peak age was in second decade (28% of the @entity1 ). In 37% of the cases a potential eliciting factor was identified, mostly infectious (41% in @entity1 vs 23% in adults, p < 0.05). A seasoned incidence was found in June (20% of the cases). Most @entity1 had palpable @entity4125 (96.3%), while bowel angina was reported in 54.1% and @entity625 in 50.2% at onset. The full extrarenal syndrome was more frequent in @entity1 (59%) than in adults (47%, p < 0.05). The extrarenal signs were often not coincident with urinary manifestations. The clinical onset with @entity1985 was more common in @entity1 than in adults (35% vs 24.3% respectively, p < 0.02) who more often presented with minimal or moderate @entity644 . The frequency of @entity8 at onset was similar in both adults and @entity1 (24.2% and 31.2% respectively).

title: Clinical features of Henoch-Sch  nlein XXXX . Italian Group of Renal Immunopathology.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['nephropathy', 'renal disease', 'impaired renal function']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['arthritis']

entities_list: @entity1333 :: ('MESH:D014657', 'Disease') :: ['vasculitis']

entities_list: @entity951 :: ('MESH:D000787', 'Disease') :: ['purpura and/or bowel angina']

entities_list: @entity1985 :: ('MESH:D009404', 'Disease') :: ['nephrotic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity811 :: ('MESH:D006417', 'Disease') :: ['hematuria']

entities_list: @entity28295 :: ('MESH:D005922', 'Disease') :: ["Berger's disease"]

answer: @entity4125 :: (MESH:D011693,Disease) :: ['purpura']


abstract: The authors give an account of the long-term results of cryotherapy of @entity2297 in 15 eyes of 12 @entity1 with proliferative @entity6 . The operation was repeated in three instances (20%). Cyclocryothermy was used nine times, cyclocryothermy with retinal transconjunctival cryocoagulation also nine times. Within five days after operation the intraocular pressure was compensated in all @entity1 . Within six months after cryotherapy the intraocular pressure rose above 21 Torr (2.799 kPa) in three eyes. After repeated cryosurgery the intraocular pressure in these eyes was normal. In the remaining 12 eyes at the end of the observation period--average 14.7 months--the intraocular pressure was within the range of 4.8-20.6 Torr (0.639-2.746 kPa). The @entity158 in the eye receded in 100% of the @entity1 . After operation eventually in all @entity1 rubeosis receded. @entity5122 after the operation is ascribed to the duration of the high intraocular pressure and gradual progression of the proliferative @entity6 .

title: [Cryotherapy of @entity2297 in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5122 :: ('MESH:C565430', 'Disease') :: ['Deterioration of eyesight']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic retinopathy']

entities_list: @entity2297 :: ('MESH:D015355', 'Disease') :: ['neovascular glaucoma']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetics']


abstract: @entity2913 are rare and are associated with heterogeneous pathological conditions. We describe an extraordinary case of mesenteric calcified @entity3609 in a 10-year-old @entity1 . To the best of our knowledge only 6 mesenteric calcified @entity3609 have been reported. The @entity1 was admitted with @entity490 . Abdominal X-ray and computed tomography scan documented a @entity6538 which dislocated and compressed the ileum. Laparatomy revealed that the cyst arose in the mesentery at 100 cm from the ileocecal valve. The cystic wall was composed of fibrosclerotic calcified tissue and had an endothelial lining. In the adjacent fibrofatty stroma there were distended hemolymphatics. Postoperative recovery was uneventful. At follow-up 6 months after surgery the @entity1 is well. Calcified @entity3609 of the mesentery should be considered in the differential diagnosis of an intra-abdominal @entity6538 in @entity1 .

title: Calcified XXXX of the mesentery: case report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patient', 'boy']

entities_list: @entity3609 :: ('MESH:D018191', 'Disease') :: ['cystic lymphangioma']

entities_list: @entity2913 :: ('MESH:D008639', 'Disease') :: ['Mesenteric cysts']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain and vomiting']

entities_list: @entity6538 :: ('MESH:D018333', 'Disease') :: ['calcified cyst']

answer: @entity3609 :: (MESH:D018191,Disease) :: ['cystic lymphangioma']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacies and treatment outcomes following intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB), intravitreal ranibizumab (IVR), and laser photocoagulation (LPC) in @entity989 ( @entity989 ). METHODS: This was a retrospective interventional case series study including the data of 134 @entity1 (264 eyes) who were treated with IVB, IVR, or LPC for @entity989 . The data were collected from two major @entity989 treatment centers in @entity233 without any randomization or masking. Regression of @entity989 , recurrence profile, complications after each treatment modality, and indications for retreatment were evaluated. The main outcome measures included the total inactivation of @entity989 with anatomic and refractive outcomes at 1.5 years of adjusted age. RESULTS: There were 55 @entity1 (41.1%) in the IVB group, 22 @entity1 (16.4%) in the IVR group, and 57 @entity1 (42.5%) in the LPC group. All but 3 @entity1 (5.5%) in the IVB group and 11 @entity1 (50%) in the IVR group showed recurrence to stage 1 and 2 @entity989 following IVB and IVR (p < 0.001). Retreatment was performed in three @entity1 in both IVB and IVR groups (p = 0.098). At 1.5 years of adjusted age, all @entity1 showed favorable anatomic outcome except one @entity1 in the LPC group. No significant difference of the mean spherical equivalent (SE) was observed between the groups (p = 0.131). In Zone I @entity989 , laser treated @entity1 had significantly higher rates of @entity1714 and high @entity1714 than IVB and IVR treated @entity1 (p = 0.040 and p = 0.019, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Both IVB and IVR treated @entity1 had significantly better refractive outcomes in Zone I @entity989 as compared to LPC treated @entity1 at 1.5 years of adjusted age. The higher rate of disease recurrence was associated with IVR. Gestational age (GA) and the zone of @entity989 were also predictive factors for recurrence of @entity989 in the study.

title: Comparison of Bevacizumab, Ranibizumab, and Laser Photocoagulation in the Treatment of XXXX in @entity233 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['infants', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['retinopathy of prematurity', 'ROP']

answer: @entity989 :: (MESH:D012164,Disease) :: ['Retinopathy of Prematurity']


abstract: BACKGROUND: There are a number of reasons for intraoperative @entity190 during @entity1635 surgery based on the type of approach, @entity66 , @entity2331 , and @entity1 blood profile. However, no studies have investigated @entity548 patterns according to the stage of the operation. The objective of this prospective study was to identify @entity954 patterns in different stages of @entity1635 surgery. METHODS: We prospectively analyzed the estimated @entity190 (EBL) and operation time over four stages of @entity1635 surgery in 44 @entity1 . The @entity1 were divided into three groups: adolescent idiopathic (group 1), @entity4094 (group 2) and paralytic neuromuscular (group 3). The per-level EBL and operation times of the groups were compared on a stage-by-stage basis. The @entity236 ( @entity236 ) of each @entity1 was also obtained, and the relationship between per-level EBL and @entity236 was compared using regression analysis. RESULTS: Per-level operation time was similar across all groups during surgical stage (p > 0.05). Per-level EBL was also similar during the dissection and bone-grafting states (p > 0.05). However, during the screw insertion stage, the per-level EBL was significantly higher in groups 2 and 3 compared to group 1 (p < 0.05). In the correction stage, per-level EBL was highest in group 3 (followed in order by groups 2 and 1) (p < 0.05). Preoperative @entity236 indicated that group 3 had the lowest bone quality, followed by groups 2 and 1 (in order), but the preoperative blood indices were similar in all groups. The differences in @entity548 patterns in the screw insertion and correction stages were attributed to the poor bone quality of groups 2 and 3. Group 3 had the lowest bone quality, which caused loosening of the bone-screw interface during the correction stage and led to more @entity548 . @entity1 with a T-score less than -2.5 showed a risk for high per-level EBL that was nine times higher than those with scores greater than -2.5 (p = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS: We investigated the @entity190 patterns during different stages of @entity1635 surgery. @entity1 with poor @entity236 showed a risk of @entity190 nine times higher than those with good @entity236 .

title: Intraoperative XXXX during different stages of @entity1635 surgery: A prospective study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4094 :: ('MESH:D009468', 'Disease') :: ['spastic neuromuscular']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['type of disease']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity1635 :: ('MESH:D012600', 'Disease') :: ['scoliosis']

entities_list: @entity2331 :: ('MESH:D001851', 'Disease') :: ['osteopenia']

entities_list: @entity954 :: ('MESH:D016063', 'Disease') :: ['intraoperative bleeding']

entities_list: @entity236 :: ('MESH:D001855', 'Disease') :: ['bone marrow density', 'BMD']

answer: @entity190 :: (MESH:D006473,Disease) :: ['blood loss']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: We compared the long-term stability of surgically assisted rapid palatal expansion (SARPE) and segmental Le @entity196 (bipartition) for expanding the maxillae in adult @entity1 . METHODS: The upper jaw plaster models of 10 @entity1 who underwent transverse expansion of the maxillae using the SARPE technique and 10 @entity1 who underwent Le Fort I bipartition were examined. For each @entity1 , the intercanine and intermolar distances before expansion (T1), after expansion (T2), and 2 years after expansion (T3) were measured. Consequently, we could evaluate the degree of expansion (between T1 and T2) and the relapse distance after 2 years (between T2 and T3). The palatal stability (i.e., extent of relapse) was used to assess the outcomes in both methods. RESULTS: In the SARPE group, the average increase in the intercanine and intermolar distance was +8.5 and +7mm, respectively. In the Le Fort I bipartition group, the average respective increase was +2.75 and +3.75mm. Two years after expansion, in the SARPE group, the intercanine distance decreased by 2.5mm or 28% of the overall expansion, and the intermolar distance decreased by 3.0mm or 36% of the overall expansion. In the Le Fort I bipartition group, the intercanine distance decreased by 0.25mm or 25% of the overall expansion, and the intermolar distance decreased by 0.75mm or 20% of the overall expansion. CONCLUSIONS: In the @entity1 that we assessed, there was a high relapse rate in the mean intercanine and intermolar distances 2 years following the expansion. The overall relapse rate was more pronounced in the SARPE @entity1 , whereas the Le Fort I bipartition technique was more stable, especially in terms of the intermolar distance.

title: Surgically assisted rapid palatal expansion vs. segmental Le XXXX : transverse stability over a 2-year period.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity196 :: ('MESH:D020754', 'Disease') :: ['Fort I osteotomy']

answer: @entity196 :: (MESH:D020754,Disease) :: ['Fort I osteotomy']


abstract: The origin of the present study was to develop the liaison work between the disciplines of @entity1 and adolescent psychiatry and paediatric surgery and nursing, so as to improve the quality of treatment and care of a group of @entity1 with imperforate anus (IA) and their families. Imperforate anus is a @entity66 involving @entity85 . The early surgery and invasive follow-up treatment associated with IA may affect the @entity1 psychosocially, including the @entity1 -parent relationship. By developing and testing a questionnaire for @entity1 born with @entity10645 , a tool for measuring psychosocial functioning can be realized. METHODS: First, a literature review on "Imperforate @entity24338 " was performed. Second, an exploratory interview study was conducted with @entity1 /adolescents with IA and their parents. The findings from these interviews were the foundation for construction of the questionnaire. The Imperforate @entity24338 Psychosocial Questionnaire (IAPSQ) was tested and revised three times before its completion. It contains 45 items on Likert scales. A total of 87 @entity1 completed the IAPSQ: 25 @entity1 with IA and two comparison groups. Face and content validity were considered. The Rasch approach, an item response theory model, was used to evaluate the psychometric properties of the IAPSQ, where item difficulty and @entity1 ability are concurrently approximated. RESULTS: The findings of the Rasch analysis revealed that the psychological dimension was reasonable, and that @entity1 reliability (0.83) was moderate and item reliability (0.95) was sufficient. The social dimension showed satisfactory item reliability (0.87). The @entity1 reliability (0.52) of the social dimension was weak. Content validity seemed to be established and construct validity was recognized on the psychological dimension. CONCLUSION: The IAPSQ provides a reasonably valid and reliable measure of psychosocial functioning for clinical use among @entity1 with IA, although some revisions are suggested for the next version of the IAPSQ. By using the Rasch model, we discovered that specific items should be discarded and other items should be reformulated to make the questionnaire more "on target". The social dimension has to be expanded with further items to reasonably capture a social dimension.

title: The Imperforate XXXX Psychosocial Questionnaire (IAPSQ): its construction and psychometric properties.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'person', 'child']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['congenital disease']

entities_list: @entity10645 :: ('MESH:C567938', 'Disease') :: ['anorectal anomalies']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['a deformity of the anorectum']

answer: @entity24338 :: (MESH:D001004,Disease) :: ['Anus']


abstract: @entity5 suppressor protein 101F6, a gene product of the 3p21.3 ( @entity1 ) and 9F1 ( @entity19 ) chromosomal region, has recently been identified as a member of the @entity31637 ( @entity31637 ) protein family by sequence homology. The His(6)-tagged recombinant @entity19 @entity5 suppressor @entity31637 protein (TSCytb) was recently expressed in @entity375 and purified, and the @entity9050 reducibility was determined. TSCytb is auto-oxidizable and has two distinct @entity1446 b centers with redox potentials of approximately 40 and approximately 140 mV. Its split alpha-band in the @entity6857 -reduced spectrum at both 295 and 77 K is well resolved, and the separation between the two alpha-peaks is approximately 7 nm (approximately 222 cm(-1)). Singular value decomposition analysis of the split alpha-band in the @entity9050 -reduced spectra revealed the presence of two major spectral components, each of them with split alpha-band but with different peak separations (6 and 8 nm). Similar minor differences in peak separation were obtained when the split alpha-bands in @entity9050 -reduced difference spectra at low (<1 mM) and high (>10 mM) @entity9050 concentrations were analysed. According to low-temperature electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, the two @entity1446 b centers are in the low-spin ferric state with maximum principal g values of 3.61 and 2.96, respectively. These values differ from the ones observed for other members of the @entity31637 family. According to resonance Raman spectroscopy, the @entity7170 rings are in a relaxed state. The spectroscopic results are only partially in agreement with those obtained earlier for the native chromaffin granule @entity31637 .

title: Spectral characterization of the recombinant @entity19 XXXX suppressor 101F6 protein.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor']

entities_list: @entity7170 :: ('CHEBI:8337', 'Chemical') :: ['porphyrin']

entities_list: @entity6857 :: ('MESH:D004227', 'Chemical') :: ['dithionite']

entities_list: @entity9050 :: ('CHEBI:38290', 'Chemical') :: ['ascorbate']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumor']


abstract: Preservation at low temperatures is a practice that has found several applications in medicine and biotechnology. Several types of cells and tissues can be stored virtually indefinitely in liquid @entity1568 (-196 degrees C) and returned to physiological temperatures. However, phenomena occurring during cooling and warming may affect the structure and function of the stored material. To some extent, the use of substances with special protective properties, referred to as cryoprotective agents, may avoid this effect, but normally a fraction of the cryopreserved material suffers a @entity393 . In the context of @entity1 @entity52 ( @entity52 ), for decades cryopreservation has been used to store different materials of reproductive function, mainly embryos at various developmental stages and spermatozoa. In recent times, the realm of cryopreservation has been expanded to also include fully grown unfertilized oocytes. The storage of oocytes offers obvious advantages, eluding legal and ethical problems that afflict, and sometimes make inapplicable, embryo cryopreservation. Until recently, technical and applicative advances of oocyte cryopreservation were inhibited by the preconception that the unique nature of this cell was an insurmountable obstacle to safe and efficient preservation at low-temperature storage. In fact, through the two alternative methodological approaches of controlled rate slow cooling and vitrification, oocyte cryopreservation has been developed both technically and clinically to a stage that is beginning to challenge the supremacy of embryo freezing as the preferred form of fertility preservation for the treatment of infertile couples. Although several questions remain to be answered as to whether oocyte cryopreservation can ensure adequate standards of efficacy and safety, there appears to be little doubt that in the near future oocyte cryopreservation will be recognized as an established form of @entity52 treatment.

title: The efficacy and safety of XXXX oocyte cryopreservation by slow cooling.

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['partial or total loss of viability']

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen']

entities_list: @entity52 :: ('MESH:C566179', 'Disease') :: ['IVF', 'in vitro fertilization']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Cardiac rehabilitation may reduce @entity65 and morbidity rates in @entity1 with @entity453 . The specific relationship between cardiac rehabilitation participation and left main @entity3979 is unknown. DESIGN: Prospective registry analysis. METHODS: Data from a registry of 3120 @entity1 with left main @entity3979 , collected between 1995 and 2010, were analyzed. A total of 596 @entity1 (19.6%) had participated in a cardiac rehabilitation program. RESULTS: The crude seven-year mortality, @entity65 , target-vessel revascularization and @entity583 rates were significantly lower in the cardiac rehabilitation than in the non-rehabilitation group, and the incidence of @entity64 tended to be lower in the cardiac rehabilitation group. Multivariate analysis showed that cardiac rehabilitation was associated with significantly lower risks of mortality (hazard ratio (HR), 0.70; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.49-1.00; p   =   0.05) and @entity65 (HR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.48-0.97; p   =   0.03). However, the adjusted HR of @entity583 , target-vessel revascularization and @entity64 did not differ significantly. Propensity score-matched analysis of 507 pairs showed that cardiac rehabilitation was associated with significant decreases in mortality (HR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.43-0.89; p   =   0.009) and @entity65 (HR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.36-0.80; p   =   0.002) but had no beneficial effects on @entity583 , target-vessel revascularization or @entity64 . CONCLUSIONS: Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation participation was associated with significant decreases in mortality. Our findings show that cardiac rehabilitation programs should be implemented in standard management for @entity1 with left main @entity3979 .

title: Impact of exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation on long-term clinical outcomes in @entity1 with left main XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity3979 :: ('MESH:D023921', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery stenosis']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular mortality']

answer: @entity3979 :: (MESH:D023921,Disease) :: ['coronary artery stenosis']


abstract: Despite the frequent use of in vitro tissue culture before islet cryopreservation, no study has evaluated the ability of this procedure to improve the recovery or in vivo function of frozen-thawed islets. To evaluate this, quantities of 2500 @entity35 -Furth (WF) @entity35 islets were allocated to each of four groups (n = 8 each): group 1, freshly isolated; group 2, 48 hr in vitro culture; group 3, cryopreservation; group 4, cryopreservation after 48 hr in culture. Islets were frozen slowly at 0.25 degrees C/min and thawed rapidly at 200 degrees C/min. The number of islets recovered after culture or cryopreservation was determined and viability was assessed by measuring weekly indices of plasma @entity413 (PG), urine @entity413 (UG), urine volume (UV), and weight after implantation into the portal vein of @entity3839 - @entity6 WF recipients. Islet recovery was 97% after culture, 95% after cryopreservation, and 94% after culture-then cryopreservation. After implantation of group 1 and 2 islets, PG was less than 150 mg/dl at 1 week and UG and UV were normal by 1-2 weeks. Group 3 islets restored normoglycemia at 3 weeks and other indices of @entity6 were reversed by 4 weeks; group 4 islets restored normoglycemia at 4 weeks and indices returned to basal after 4 weeks. At intravenous @entity413 tolerance testing (ivGTT), the K values (mean decline in @entity413 , %/min, +/- SE) were group 1, 1.6 +/- 0.3; group 2, 1.5 +/- 0.3; group 3, 0.6 +/- 0.1; and group 4, 0.7 +/- 0.2. These data show that cryopreservation preserves freshly isolated or cultured islets that reverse the indices of @entity6 after implantation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Effects of precryopreservation culture on survival of XXXX islets transplanted after slow cooling and rapid thawing.

entities_list: @entity3839 :: ('MESH:D013311', 'Chemical') :: ['streptozotocin']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The groin @entity158 experienced by @entity1 with @entity570 ( @entity571 ) is often accompanied by areas of @entity158 and changes in skin sensitivity. We aimed to identify the supraspinal influences that underlie these clinical manifestations that we consider indicative of possible central sensitization. METHODS: Twenty @entity1 with @entity570 awaiting joint replacement and displaying signs of @entity158 were recruited into the study, together with age-matched controls. All subjects completed @entity158 psychology questionnaires and underwent quantitative sensory testing (QST) in their area of @entity158 . Twelve of 20 @entity1 and their age- and sex-matched controls underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) while the areas of @entity158 were stimulated using cold stimuli (12 degrees C) and punctate stimuli (256 mN). The remaining 8 of 20 @entity1 underwent punctate stimulation only. RESULTS: @entity1 were found to have significantly lower threshold perception to punctate stimuli and were @entity1931 to the noxious punctate stimulus in their areas of @entity158 . Functional brain imaging illustrated significantly greater activation in the brainstem of @entity571 @entity1 in response to punctate stimulation of their @entity158 areas compared with healthy controls, and the magnitude of this activation positively correlated with the extent of @entity1109 -like elements to the @entity1 's @entity158 , as indicated by the PainDETECT score. DISCUSSION: Using psychophysical (QST) and brain imaging methods (functional MRI), we have identified increased activity with the periaqueductal grey matter associated with stimulation of the skin in @entity158 areas of @entity1 with @entity570 . This offers a central target for analgesia aimed at improving the treatment of this largely peripheral disease.

title: Psychophysical and functional imaging evidence supporting the presence of central sensitization in a cohort of XXXX @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1931 :: ('MESH:D006930', 'Disease') :: ['hyperalgesic']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathic']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['referred pain', 'pain']

entities_list: @entity570 :: ('MESH:D015207', 'Disease') :: ['hip osteoarthritis', 'hip OA']

answer: @entity571 :: (MESH:D010003,Disease) :: ['osteoarthritis']


abstract: Two distinct cDNAs encoding putative sigma factors of plastid RNA polymerase were isolated from @entity2829 , a C4 plant. The deduced @entity535 sequences of both cDNAs possess all four highly conserved domains proposed for recognition of -10 and -35 promoter elements, core complex binding, DNA binding, and melting. These two cDNAs are designated @entity25998 and @entity25999 . Phylogenetic analysis of available plastid sigma factors indicated that they were probably the descendants of cyanobacterial principal sigma factors. Southern blots probed with @entity25998 and @entity25999 revealed that both genes exist in the @entity2829 nuclear genome as single-copy genes, but low-stringency hybridization suggested the presence of a multigene family of @entity2829 plastid sigma factors. Transcription of @entity25998 and @entity25999 is light inducible and tissue specific. Transcripts of @entity25998 and @entity25999 were abundant in greening leaf tissues; @entity25999 (but not @entity25998 ) was barely detectable in etiolated leaves and neither was detectable in roots. Immunological studies using a peptide antibody against an epitope in subdomain 2.4 of @entity25998 revealed 50-kDa and 60-kDa immunoreactive proteins in @entity2829 chloroplasts. Reduced levels of the 60-kDa immunoreactive protein were detected in etioplasts, and no immunoreactive proteins were observed in roots. Collectively, the data suggest that the nuclear genes, @entity25998 and @entity25999 , may play a role in differential expression of plastid genes during chloroplast biogenesis.

title: Characterization of two chloroplast RNA polymerase sigma factors from XXXX : photoregulation and differential expression.

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

answer: @entity2829 :: (4577,Species) :: ['Zea mays']


abstract: The effect of glucocorticoids on gonadal @entity134 and gonadotropic hormone concentrations and subsequent follicular activity in @entity291 undergoing normal estrous cycles was evaluated by administration of @entity619 ( @entity3784 ) during the middle of the luteal phase. Seven @entity291 were given physiologic saline solution twice daily from day 13 to day 17 of the estrous cycle (control experiment). During the next estrous cycle, @entity291 were administered @entity3784 (2 mg, IM) twice daily on days 13 through 17. Plasma specimens obtained twice daily throughout the control and @entity3784 -treatment cycles were assayed for @entity1420 and @entity53 concentrations. The appearance of estrus after @entity3784 treatment was delayed until days 23 to 25 in 3 @entity291 and was not seen by day 35 in the other 4 @entity291 , compared with mean (+/- SD) cycle length of 22.4 +/- 3.2 in @entity291 during the control experiment. @entity1420 concentration remained significantly (P less than 0.01) high on days 19 to 23, whereas @entity53 values failed to increase (P less than 0.05) on days 19 and 20 after treatment with @entity3784 . Blood samples were obtained at 15-minute intervals for 12 hours to compare (by analysis of covariance) the effect of @entity3784 treatment on plasma hormone concentrations on day 15 of each cycle with those of day 10. Compared with values during the control experiment, a significant (P less than 0.05) decrease was observed in the size of the pulses of luteinizing hormone (LH) and @entity53 , although the number of pulses of each hormone per 12 hours was not affected when @entity291 were given @entity3784 . Baseline concentrations of LH and @entity53 were not altered by type of treatment.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Plasma hormone concentrations after administration of XXXX during the middle of the luteal phase in @entity291 .

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone', 'Progesterone']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['estradiol']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['dexamethasone']

answer: @entity619 :: (MESH:D003907,Chemical) :: ['dexamethasone']


abstract: OBJECT: The aim of this study was to assess the technical details and the efficacy and safety of surgical embolectomy for occlusion of large vessels in the anterior circulation. METHODS: Twenty-three consecutive @entity1 with acute @entity385 attributed to @entity432 of large arteries of the anterior circulation who underwent treatment with surgical embolectomy were retrospectively reviewed. Twenty @entity1 were treated based on data from magnetic resonance angiography (MRA)-diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) mismatch, while three other @entity1 had contraindications to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and were treated based on computed tomography (CT) and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) findings. Clinical outcomes, including recanalization rate, recanalization time, complications, modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at 3 months, and National Institute of Health @entity64 Scale (NIHSS) score improvement at 1 month, were evaluated. RESULTS: Among the 23 @entity1 (median age, 80 years; median presenting NIHSS score, 21 points), the occlusion site was the internal carotid artery (ICA) terminus in six @entity1 , the M1 segment of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) in 10 @entity1 , and the M2 division of the MCA in seven @entity1 . Final recanalization status was thrombolysis in @entity583 (TIMI) 3 in 21 @entity1 (91%). Median recanalization time from symptom onset and from start of surgery was 282 min and 70 min, respectively. One @entity1 (4.3%) had symptomatic @entity548 . Three @entity1 (13%) had @entity4 due to massive @entity1188 of affected vessel area; two of these @entity1 had undergone embolectomy based on CT findings and had successful recanalization, while one @entity1 underwent embolectomy based on MRI findings and did not have successful recanalization. All 18 @entity1 who underwent embolectomy based on MRA-DWI mismatch and had successful recanalization did not develop additional confluent ischaemic lesion on postoperative DWI. At 3 months, seven @entity1 (30%) had a mRS score of 0-2, eight @entity1 (35%) had a mRS score of 3, and none of the @entity1 had died. Sixteen @entity1 (70%) demonstrated NIHSS score improvement of more than eight points at 1 month. CONCLUSION: @entity954 for occlusion of large vessels in the anterior circulation resulted in a high complete recanalization rate with an acceptable safety profile. Use of MRA-DWI mismatch as an indication for surgical embolectomy was associated with a reduced complication rate.

title: XXXX for large vessel occlusion of anterior circulation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['haemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['brain oedema']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarction']

entities_list: @entity954 :: ('MESH:D016063', 'Disease') :: ['Surgical embolectomy']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['embolic occlusion']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity954 :: (MESH:D016063,Disease) :: ['Surgical embolectomy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A 63-year-old @entity1 with @entity1860 ( @entity1860 ) received treatment with interferon ( @entity3027 )-a for 6 years. After achieving a complete cytogenetic response that was repetitively documented, @entity3027 treatment was stopped. Despite maintenance of a complete cytogenetic response, a progressive rise of the BCR- @entity1861 transcript was detected and loss of major molecular response occurred about 2 years after stopping @entity3027 therapy. Disease remained at molecular level. INVESTIGATIONS: Peripheral blood quantitative real-time PCR every 3 months and periodical bone marrow aspirate were performed to monitor disease. DIAGNOSIS: Chronic-phase, Philadelphia-positive @entity1860 that was still detectable after complete cytogenic response 2 years after cessation of @entity3027 therapy. MANAGEMENT: The @entity1 was treated with a target immune approach receiving a therapeutic vaccine that consisted of an immunogenic 25-mer b2a2 breakpoint-derived peptide (CMLb2a2-25) with binding properties for several HLA-DR molecules. After nine boosts of vaccine the @entity1 developed an adequate b2a2-25 peptide-specific CD4(+) T-cell response and BCR- @entity1861 transcript started to decline in peripheral blood. No hematological or extrahematological effects were documented during therapy. At the last evaluation, 39 months since vaccinations commenced, the @entity1 is in complete molecular response with an undetectable level of BCR- @entity1861 transcript both in peripheral blood and in bone marrow and she continues to receive boosts of vaccine every 3 months as the only treatment.

title: Complete molecular response in @entity1860 after p210 BCR- XXXX -derived peptide vaccination.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1860 :: ('MESH:D015464', 'Disease') :: ['CML', 'chronic myeloid leukemia']

answer: @entity1861 :: (25,Gene) :: ['ABL1']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To report on chronic urinary retention after surgery for deep @entity46 and the possible risk factors for this complication. DESIGN: Descriptive study. SETTING: University hospital. @entity1 (S): Four @entity1 with deep @entity46 who developed this complication. INTERVENTION(S): Laparoscopic surgery, intermittent self-catheterization (ISC). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): To identify site(s) of lesion associated with this complication. RESULT(S): Four @entity1 developed this complication from damage to the inferior hypogastric plexus involving the sympathetic and/or parasympathetic afferents from the bladder. One @entity1 regained complete bladder function 8 months after surgery, and the others required ISC at the time of writing (13, 24, and 3 months after surgery). @entity1 with lesions located laterally and deep in the uterosacral ligaments especially near the ischial spines were at high risk. All @entity1 were, however, satisfied with the results of surgery. CONCLUSION(S): Most such injuries are unpredictable, but in our experience, two of three @entity1 with lesions near the ischial spine developed this complication. Chronic urinary retention after radical @entity46 surgery is rare and often under reported. Although most lesions are unilateral and have a potential for improvement, it is not known how long these effects will last. More data from other centers may help in providing additional information.

title: Long-term urinary retention after laparoscopic surgery for deep XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENT']

entities_list: @entity46 :: ('MESH:D004715', 'Disease') :: ['endometriosis']

answer: @entity46 :: (MESH:D004715,Disease) :: ['endometriosis']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate lens epithelial cell (LEC) adhesion on different intraocular lens (IOL) materials with particular attention to the distribution of proteins located in the focal contacts. SETTING: Center of Biotechnological and Clinical Research in Ophthalmology, University of Bologna, Italy. METHODS: The IOL materials tested were @entity4625 ( @entity4625 ), heparin-surface-modified @entity4625 (HSM @entity4625 ), @entity23820 , and @entity1346 . Primary cultures of @entity1 LECs were established from @entity1 anterior capsules obtained during @entity231 surgery. The mean number of cells attached per square millimeter was calculated for each material after 24 and 72 hours. Transmission electron microscopy and immunocytochemical analysis were performed to detect the proteins actin, @entity10274 , and talin. RESULTS: Mean adhesiveness of @entity1 LECs increased over time with @entity4625 and decreased with the other materials. At 72 hours, mean LECs ranged from 54.8 cells/mm2 +/- 12.8 (SD) on @entity4625 to 2.1 +/- 0.7 cells/mm2 on @entity1346 . The means for HSM @entity4625 and @entity23820 fell in between. The cytoskeletal proteins were arranged to produce focal contacts in only the LECs cultured on @entity4625 . The LECs cultured on @entity23820 , HSM @entity4625 , and @entity1346 attached but failed to develop focal contacts or stress fibers. CONCLUSION: This study confirms the multifactorial pathogenesis of posterior capsule opacification and suggests its incidence will be reduced by improving surgical techniques and using IOL surfaces that discourage cell adhesion.

title: Adhesion mechanisms of XXXX lens epithelial cells on 4 intraocular lens materials.

entities_list: @entity4625 :: ('MESH:D019904', 'Chemical') :: ['PMMA', 'poly(methyl methacrylate)']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

entities_list: @entity1346 :: ('MESH:D012828', 'Chemical') :: ['silicone']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: In the present study, the sequential affective priming paradigm developed by Fazio et al. [Fazio, R.H., Sanbonmatsu, D.M., Powell, M.C., Kardes, F.R., 1986. On the automatic activation of attitudes. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 50, 229-238.] was applied for the first time to investigate automatic cognitive bias in @entity308 @entity1 . @entity308 @entity1 (n=22) were tested on admission and after about 7 weeks of inpatient psychotherapy. Half of the @entity1 (n=11) were suffering from a comorbid @entity148 . Twenty-two healthy subjects served as controls. Affectively polarized prime words were presented subliminally followed by positive or negative target words, which had to be evaluated. Subjects' affective state was assessed by self-report measures. In the course of psychotherapy, @entity1 recovered significantly. Study groups exhibited qualitatively different affective priming effects: In non-comorbid @entity308 @entity1 , no affective priming was found. Instead, a highly significant main effect of prime valence emerged, indicating a Stroop-like interference of negative prime words at time 1. This negative bias was associated with @entity308 level at time 1 and could not be found after recovery. Affective priming was observed in controls and comorbid @entity1 , but in opposite directions. Direction and strength of affective priming was directly associated with @entity148 level at both times. The affective priming paradigm provides evidence for differential group effects regarding unconscious emotional information processing.

title: Subliminal affective priming in clinical @entity308 and comorbid XXXX : a longitudinal investigation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Unipolar depressed', 'depressed', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['anxiety disorder', 'anxiety']

answer: @entity148 :: (MESH:D001008,Disease) :: ['anxiety']


abstract: 1. Changes in plasma levels of B-END and @entity701 were investigated in @entity840 receiving either stressful stimuli for various lengths of time or i.p. injections of @entity1286 or saline. 2. A decrease in B-END levels occurred when animals were stressed, whereas @entity701 was not affected. 3. @entity1286 (50 mg/kg i.p.) enhanced B-END and @entity701 levels 5 min after injection, whereas a decrease in B-END was seen at 30 min. 4. Saline (i.p.) produced a decrease of B-END levels 30 min after injection and an increase in @entity701 5 and 10 min after injection. These findings suggest that in the @entity840 the response of @entity774 to stress or @entity1286 could change depending upon the time of sampling.

title: Stress and XXXX mediated changes in @entity774 in @entity840 .

entities_list: @entity840 :: ('10141', 'Species') :: ['guinea-pig', 'guinea-pigs']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine', 'Morphine']

entities_list: @entity774 :: ('MESH:D000312', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary-adrenal axis']

answer: @entity1286 :: (MESH:D009020,Chemical) :: ['morphine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recent advances in sequencing technologies have enabled metagenomic analyses of many @entity1 body sites. Several studies have catalogued the composition of bacterial communities of the surface of @entity1 skin, mostly under static conditions in healthy volunteers. @entity272 will disturb the cutaneous homeostasis of the host tissue and its commensal microbiota, but the dynamics of this process have not been studied before. Here we analyzed the microbiota of the surface layer and the deeper layers of the stratum corneum of normal skin, and we investigated the dynamics of recolonization of skin microbiota following skin barrier disruption by tape stripping as a model of @entity130 . RESULTS: We observed gender differences in microbiota composition and showed that bacteria are not uniformly distributed in the stratum corneum. Phylogenetic distance analysis was employed to follow microbiota development during recolonization of injured skin. Surprisingly, the developing neo-microbiome at day 14 was more similar to that of the deeper stratum corneum layers than to the initial surface microbiome. In addition, we also observed variation in the host response towards @entity130 as assessed by the induction of antimicrobial protein expression in epidermal keratinocytes. CONCLUSIONS: We suggest that the microbiome of the deeper layers, rather than that of the superficial skin layer, may be regarded as the host indigenous microbiome. Characterization of the skin microbiome under dynamic conditions, and the ensuing response of the microbial community and host tissue, will shed further light on the complex interaction between resident bacteria and epidermis.

title: Microbiome dynamics of XXXX epidermis following skin barrier disruption.

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['superficial injury']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['Skin injury']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: A 49-year-old @entity1 , with a @entity5 shadow overlapping the heart on chest X-ray film was followed for 5 years. He was admitted because the @entity5 shadow enlarged. Chest CT scan showed a 6 x 7 cm in @entity5 at the Th8 and Th9 level, and a defect of the anterior margin of the thoracic vertebra is observed. Because thoracic CT-guided needle biopsy was not successful, total resection combined with thoracic vertebrae was performed. The @entity5 was under the parietal pleura and did not involve into the intrathoracic organs. Histological examination showed small round cells arranged in sheets and cord-like fashion in a @entity3079 . On immunohistochemistry, the @entity5 cells were positive for @entity2281 protein, @entity2277 , @entity2278 . CAM5.2, EMA and Alcian blue staining. Thus, we confirmed the diagnosis of @entity3580 . @entity3580 is a rare @entity3478 that originates from notochordal remnants and accounts for about 1-4% of all malignant @entity3478 . Intrathoracic mediastinal @entity3580 is extremely rare, representing only 3% of all @entity3580 .

title: [A case of primary posterior mediastinal XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity3079 :: ('MESH:D002288', 'Disease') :: ['mucinous stroma']

entities_list: @entity3478 :: ('MESH:D001859', 'Disease') :: ['bone tumors', 'malignant bone tumor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'diameter extrapulmonary tumor']

entities_list: @entity3580 :: ('MESH:D002817', 'Disease') :: ['chordomas', 'Chordoma', 'chordoma']

answer: @entity3580 :: (MESH:D002817,Disease) :: ['chordoma']


abstract: The aim of the present study was to analyze the surface expression of the @entity3391 -like receptors during the consolidation of contextual learning in the crab Neohelice granulata Memory storage is based on alterations in the strength of synaptic connections between neurons. The glutamatergic synapses undergo various forms of @entity3391 receptor (NMDAR)-dependent changes in strength, a process that affects the abundance of other receptors at the synapse and underlies some forms of learning and memory. Here we propose a direct regulation of the NMDAR. Changes in NMDAR's functionality might be induced by the modification of the subunit's expression or cellular trafficking. This trafficking does not only include NMDAR's movement between synaptic and extra-synaptic localizations but also the cycling between intracellular compartments and the plasma membrane, a process called surface expression. Consolidation of contextual learning affects the surface expression of the receptor without affecting its general expression. The surface expression of the @entity6806 subunit of the NMDAR is down-regulated immediately after training, up-regulated 3 h after training and returns to na  ve and control levels 24 h after training. The changes in NMDAR surface expression observed in the central brain are not seen in the @entity4494 . A similar increment in surface expression of @entity6806 in the central brain is observed 3 h after administration of the competitive GABAA receptor antagonist, @entity1027 . These consolidation changes are part of a plasticity event that first, during the down-regulation, stabilizes the trace and later, at 3-h post-training, changes the threshold for synapse activation.

title: Surface expression of XXXX receptor changes during memory consolidation in the crab Neohelice granulata.

entities_list: @entity1027 :: ('MESH:D001640', 'Chemical') :: ['bicuculline']

entities_list: @entity3391 :: ('D016202', 'Chemical') :: ['NMDA', 'N-methyl-D aspartate']

entities_list: @entity4494 :: ('MESH:D045888', 'Disease') :: ['thoracic ganglion']

answer: @entity3391 :: (D016202,Chemical) :: ['NMDA']


abstract: The Registry provides information about 904 @entity1 with @entity2876 from more than 100 institutions. There was a 1.4 to 1 female predominance; racial distribution was 62% caucasian, 20% black, 11% Hispanic, 4.2% asian, and 1.5% American Indian. Eight hundred sixteen (90%) underwent corrective surgery (median age at operation, 69 days). Intraoperatively, 70% had totally obliterated extrahepatic bile ducts, 22% had patency of the gallbladder and distal common duct, whereas only 8% had "correctable" @entity2876 (proximal duct patency). A variety of reconstructions were used, but the majority of @entity1 had a Roux-en-Y portoenterostomy with or without exteriorization. Follow-up was available for 670 @entity1 (74%) with average length of follow-up of 5 years (range, 1 to 16 years). Five-year actuarial survival was 48% following Kasai's operation, but was less than 10% (at 3 years) if no operative correction was done. Survival was unaffected by sex, type of reconstruction, or @entity255 . Predictors of a bad outcome were (1) caucasian race; (2) operative age greater than 60 days; (3) presence of @entity82 at initial biopsy; (4) totally nonpatent extrahepatic ducts; (5) absent ducts at the level of transection in the liver hilus; and (6) subsequent development of varices or @entity843 . Identification of factors predictive of the ultimate outcome provide a basis for either continued efforts with management of Kasai's operation or for early referral for liver transplantation.

title: XXXX registry, 1976 to 1989.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity2876 :: ('MESH:D001656', 'Disease') :: ['biliary atresia']

entities_list: @entity255 :: ('MESH:D002761', 'Disease') :: ['cholangitis']

answer: @entity2876 :: (MESH:D001656,Disease) :: ['Biliary atresia']


abstract: Twenty-two @entity1 with advanced @entity14 were enrolled in this study. Ten @entity1 had received prior chemotherapy that included the combination of @entity1487 ( @entity1487 ) and @entity4181 (LV). All @entity1 required subcutaneous port insertion and portable external infusion pumps to allow outpatient treatment. @entity1487 (2,600 mg/m2) was administered concurrently with LV (500 mg/m2) over 24 hours of continuous infusion. The mean steady-state plasma concentration of @entity1487 was 10 mumol/L (range, 7 to 14 mumol/L). The @entity1487 dose was based on our previous phase I study, in which maximum-tolerated dose (MTD) of @entity1487 was determined to be 2,600 mg/m2 in combination with a fixed dose of LV at 500 mg/m2. The treatment was repeated weekly. Twenty-two @entity1 received a total of 560 courses of treatment. Eleven instances of grade 2-3 @entity137 were observed: @entity294 (five), @entity3136 (three), hand/foot syndrome (three). The overall objective response was 45% (10 of 22) and among previously untreated @entity1 was 58%. Three of the responders achieved complete response (CR), with lung and liver as the metastatic sites. The median duration of survival for the previously untreated @entity1 was not reached at 22 months, and was 10 months for the previously treated @entity1 . These results suggest that short-term infusional therapy of @entity1487 and LV in @entity1 with advanced metastatic @entity14 generates acceptable @entity137 , with equivalent or superior survivability in previously treated and untreated @entity1 versus alternative methods of administration of the two agents.

title: A phase II study of weekly 24-hour infusion with high-dose @entity1487 with @entity4181 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4181 :: ('MESH:D002955', 'Chemical') :: ['leucovorin']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity3136 :: ('MESH:D013280', 'Disease') :: ['stomatitis']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal carcinoma', 'colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['5-FU', 'fluorouracil']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal carcinoma']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of @entity1875 (two mg/kg)/ @entity1937 (4  g/kg) on intraocular pressure (IOP) when used for rapid-sequence induction. DESIGN: Randomized, double-blinded trial. SETTING: Ambulatory surgery center. @entity1 : 47 adult, ASA physical status I and II @entity1 (ages 18-75 yrs), undergoing outpatient, elective, nonophthalmologic surgery. INTERVENTIONS: After premedication with @entity1363 (two mg) and @entity10445 (0.2 mg), standard monitors and a bispectral index (BIS) monitor were applied. @entity1 underwent rapid-sequence induction with intravenous (IV) @entity1875 two mg/kg and either @entity1937 4  g/kg IV or @entity2900 1.5 mg/kg IV. An experienced anesthesiologist, blinded to @entity1 group assignment, performed intubation after 60 seconds. MEASUREMENTS: IOP, heart rate (HR), blood pressure, BIS scores, intubating conditions, and response to intubation (coughing or moving) were recorded at baseline, immediately after completion of induction, one minute after intubation, and three minutes after intubation. Time to return of spontaneous ventilation was also measured. MAIN RESULTS: @entity1937 produced a 39% decrease in IOP immediately after induction, which remained unchanged by laryngoscopy and intubation (P < 0.001). IOP remained below baseline even in @entity1 who coughed or moved in response to intubation. @entity1937 caused a significant decrease in mean arterial pressure of 24% to 31% but no significant change in HR, and it blocked the hemodynamic response to laryngoscopy and intubation while providing intubating conditions comparable to those of @entity2900 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity1875 / @entity1937 induction provides adequate intubating conditions, prevents an increase in IOP, and controls the hemodynamic stress response to laryngoscopy and intubation.

title: The effect of XXXX / @entity1937 rapid-induction technique without muscle relaxants on intraocular pressure.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity10445 :: ('MESH:D006024', 'Chemical') :: ['glycopyrrolate']

entities_list: @entity1875 :: ('MESH:D015742', 'Chemical') :: ['propofol', 'Propofol']

entities_list: @entity1363 :: ('MESH:D008874', 'Chemical') :: ['midazolam']

entities_list: @entity2900 :: ('MESH:D013390', 'Chemical') :: ['succinylcholine']

entities_list: @entity1937 :: ('MESH:C071741', 'Chemical') :: ['remifentanil', 'Remifentanil']

answer: @entity1875 :: (MESH:D015742,Chemical) :: ['propofol']


abstract: We attempted to induce chronic peptic @entity1066 in the @entity35 by injection of consecutive doses of @entity8488 . We investigated the incidence of peptic ulceration and measured gastric mucosal @entity112 , @entity112 formation capacity (HFC), plasma @entity9113 and tissue (oesophagus, duodenum, liver and lung) @entity112 in @entity35 1, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after injection of @entity8488 - @entity5828 (300 mg/kg s.c. and 100 mg/kg 8 h later). Saline injections were used in control @entity35 . After 24 h all @entity35 given @entity8488 had duodenal @entity1066 and the @entity1066 incidences after 7 and 14 days were 60 and 40%, respectively. After Day 21 no @entity1066 were found. Microscopy revealed @entity1066 seen as epithelialized scars from Day 14 onwards. A rising incidence of @entity356 of the duodenal mucosa was noted from Day 7 after @entity8488 treatment, which may have pathophysiological significance. Gastric mucosal @entity112 was higher and plasma @entity9113 was lower after 24 h compared with controls and values obtained later in the study. @entity35 with duodenal ulceration had significantly higher gastric mucosal @entity112 than those without lesions and control @entity35 . A direct relationship was found between plasma @entity9113 and HFC in @entity35 given @entity8488 . A small but significant increase in @entity112 content of the liver was also observed after 24 h. No significant changes were found in other tissue specimens. Thus, a rise in gastric @entity112 is associated with duodenal @entity1066 in this model.

title: @entity112 , @entity112 formation capacity and @entity9113 in XXXX -induced peptic @entity1066 .

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulcer', 'ulcer healing', 'ulcers']

entities_list: @entity8488 :: ('MESH:D003543', 'Chemical') :: ['cysteamine']

entities_list: @entity112 :: ('MESH:D006632', 'Chemical') :: ['histamine']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric metaplasia']

answer: @entity8488 :: (MESH:D003543,Chemical) :: ['cysteamine']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been shown to be more sensitive than radiography for detecting @entity79 in @entity309 ( @entity309 ). Semiquantitative scoring based on visual image assessment has been introduced. However, there is considerable interest in true quantitative measures, particularly in the context of clinical trials designed to show differences between treatment groups. This study was undertaken to investigate the use of a new quantitative approach, multispectral (MS) image analysis, for assessing erosive change. METHODS: T1-weighted @entity9468 ( @entity9468 ) and fat-suppressed gradient-echo (GE) sequences of metacarpophalangeal joints of the dominant hand were acquired at various time points throughout a 2-year period. MS analysis was applied to all images, resulting in segmentation into a generalized bone and a soft tissue class. Voxel changes from one to the other class identified apparent @entity79 volume change (Delta @entity26240 ). MR images were also visually scored for erosions (E score). All analyses were performed separately, on a per-joint basis, for short-term and long-term data sets. RESULTS: Analysis of variance with adjustment for individual effect revealed similar results in the short-term and the long-term studies, using either GE or @entity9468 images for visual assessment. @entity1 with an increase in E score on visual assessment had a significantly higher Delta @entity26240 than those without. CONCLUSION: Temporal MS analysis of MRIs can be used to detect and quantify erosive changes in @entity309 . This semiautomated method may be useful for demonstrating differences between treatment groups in clinical trials.

title: Use of multispectral magnetic resonance imaging analysis to quantify erosive changes in the hands of XXXX with @entity309 : short-term and long-term longitudinal studies.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone lesion', 'bone erosions']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: A 54-year old @entity1 with a family history of @entity407 was admitted with a 12 h history of severe generalized @entity490 associated with @entity390 , @entity391 and abdominal distension. Examination of the abdomen revealed tenderness in the periumblical area with shifting dullness. Serum pancreatic amylase was 29 IU/L and lipase 44 IU/L, @entity412 36.28 mmol/L. Ultrasound showed ascites. CT of the abdomen with contrast showed inflammatory changes surrounding the pancreas consistent with acute @entity788 . Ultrasound (US) guided abdomen paracentesis yielded a milky fluid with high @entity412 content consistent with @entity3417 . The @entity1 was kept fasting and intravenous fluid hydration was provided. @entity6882 was administered for @entity158 relief. On the following days the @entity1 's condition improved and he was gradually restarted on a low-fat diet, and fat lowering agent ( @entity8445 ) was begun, 600 mg twice a day. On d 14, abdomen US was repeated and showed fluid free peritoneal cavity. The @entity1 was discharged after 18 d of hospitalization with 600 mg @entity8445 twice a day. At the time of discharge, the fasting @entity412 was 4.2 mmol/L. After four weeks the @entity1 was seen in the clinic, he was well.

title: @entity3417 secondary to hyperlipidemic XXXX with normal serum amylase and lipase.

entities_list: @entity407 :: ('MESH:D006949', 'Disease') :: ['hyperlipidemia']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity3417 :: ('MESH:D002915', 'Disease') :: ['chylous ascites']

entities_list: @entity6882 :: ('MESH:D008614', 'Chemical') :: ['Meperidine']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity8445 :: ('MESH:D015248', 'Chemical') :: ['gemfibrozil']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatitis']


abstract: The effects of proteolytic enzyme inhibitors, aprotinin, @entity1460 trypsin inhibitor and camostat mesilate as absorption enhancers on the transdermal iontophoretic delivery of salmon calcitonin (SCT) have been examined in @entity35 . The dermal absorption of SCT was evaluated with hypocalcaemic effect. Application of SCT (12.5 int. units/ @entity35 ) onto abdominal skin did not produce any hypocalcaemic effect. This produced a small hypocalcaemic effect with cationic iontophoresis (drug phase, anode; reference phase, cathode; high frequency pulses of 1 V at 10 kHz, 2h). Furthermore, @entity12340 (1 mM) and aprotinin (10(6) int. units @entity19264 ) enhanced the hypocalcaemic effects on the application of SCT with iontophoresis. These hypocalcaemic effects were highest with the pH 4.0 preparation compared with those of the pH 5.5, pH 7.0 and pH 8.0 preparations. However, @entity1460 trypsin inhibitor did not change the hypocalcaemic effects. This was because the @entity1460 trypsin inhibitor is a relatively high molecular weight peptide (mol. wt 8000) and an anion at used pH, and therefore was not absorbed through @entity35 skins with cation iontophoresis.

title: Effects of proteolytic enzyme inhibitors as absorption enhancers on the transdermal iontophoretic delivery of calcitonin in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity12340 :: ('MESH:C034532', 'Chemical') :: ['camostat mesilate']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The etiology of childhood @entity1313 remains largely unknown. However, previous studies have yielded suggestive associations with parental pesticide use. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to evaluate parental exposure to pesticides at home and on the job in relation to the occurrence of @entity1313 in @entity1 . METHODS: We included 526 one-to-one-matched case-control pairs. @entity1313 cases were diagnosed at < 10 years of age, and were identified from statewide @entity5 registries of four U.S. Atlantic Coast states. We selected controls by random digit dialing. We conducted computer-assisted telephone interviews with mothers. Using information on residential pesticide use and jobs held by fathers during the 2-year period before the @entity1 's birth, we assessed potential exposure to insecticides, herbicides, and fungicides. For each job, two raters independently classified the probability and intensity of exposure; 421 pairs were available for final analysis. We calculated odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using conditional logistic regression, after adjustment for maternal education. RESULTS: A significant risk of @entity816 was associated with exposures to herbicides from residential use (OR = 1.9; 95% CI, 1.2-3.0). Combining parental exposures to herbicides from both residential and occupational sources, the elevated risk remained significant (OR = 1.8; 95% CI, 1.1-3.1). We observed little association with @entity6196 ( @entity6196 ) for any of the pesticide classes or exposure sources considered. CONCLUSIONS: Our observation is consistent with a previous literature reporting suggestive associations between parental exposure to pesticides and risk of @entity816 in offspring but not @entity6196 . However, these findings should be viewed in light of limitations in exposure assessment and effective sample size.

title: Parental exposure to pesticides and childhood XXXX : U.S. @entity1313 study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'child']

entities_list: @entity6196 :: ('MESH:D018242', 'Disease') :: ['PNET', 'primitive neuroectodermal tumors']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['Brain cancer', 'brain cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity816 :: ('MESH:D001254', 'Disease') :: ['astrocytoma']

answer: @entity1313 :: (MESH:D001932,Disease) :: ['brain cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: Multimodality therapy has been applied to resectable @entity3620 , but the tolerability of the treatment and relapse pattern in detail remain unknown. We reviewed our experience of trimodality therapy as a single-institution study in Japan. METHODS: A total of 16 @entity1 with resectable @entity3620 were intended to treat with extra-pleural pneumonectomy followed by @entity902 -based chemotherapy and external beam radiation therapy. The histology of the @entity5 was epithelioid in 10, @entity1358 in 4, and biphasic in 2. International @entity2615 Interest Group staging was stage II in 1, stage III in 11, and stage IV in 4. The tolerability to the combined treatment, the survival, and the relapse pattern were examined. RESULTS: All @entity1 underwent a macroscopic complete resection. In all, 14 @entity1 received chemotherapy, and subsequently 13 underwent radiotherapy, indicating a tolerability of 81%. The overall median survival was 28.1 months; and the 2-year and 5-year survival rates were 53.3% and 26.7%, respectively. In @entity1 with stage III or lower disease, the median survival was 37.9 months. Recurrence was seen in eight @entity1 ; the first relapse site was local in seven and distant in two. The local recurrences occurred within 24 months, mostly around 12 months, after the extrapleural pneumonectomy, whereas the distant @entity3 occurred later. CONCLUSION: Trimodality therapy showed a survival benefit in @entity1 with stage III or lower @entity3620 . Most of the recurrences were local. Therefore, better local control is required to improve the prognosis of the disease.

title: Survival and relapse pattern after trimodality therapy for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity2615 :: ('MESH:D008654', 'Disease') :: ['Mesothelioma']

entities_list: @entity3620 :: ('MESH:C562839', 'Disease') :: ['malignant pleural mesothelioma']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['sarcomatoid']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['platinum']

answer: @entity3620 :: (MESH:C562839,Disease) :: ['malignant pleural mesothelioma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The objective of this article is to assess clinicopathological characteristics and outcomes of @entity1 with male @entity1988 in a cohort of Chinese @entity1 . METHODS: Clinical, pathological and outcome data of @entity1988 @entity1 with different gender were retrospectively analyzed and compared. RESULTS: Among 315 @entity1 with renal biopsy-proven @entity1988 , 45 were male and 270 were female. The average ages of disease onset of the male and female @entity1 were comparable. The interval between presentation of @entity1988 and diagnosis was significantly longer in the male group than in female group (p = 0.003). Clinical presentation was similar except that males had a significantly lower proportion of @entity1665 (p = 0.005). In laboratory data, male @entity1988 @entity1 had higher hemoglobin (p = 0.023) and higher serum @entity1011 (p < 0.001) than female @entity1 . As for pathological classification and index, no significant difference was found between the two groups. The male @entity1 presented with significantly lower ratios of complete remission and partial remission, and higher ratios of treatment failure and relapse than the female group. Regarding long-term survival and renal outcome, male @entity1 had significantly worse prognosis than females (p = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: The male @entity1988 presented with later diagnosis, worse renal function, lower remission rate and higher relapse rate compared with female @entity1 . The male @entity1 had significantly higher mortality and poorer renal outcome.

title: Clinicopathological characteristics and outcomes of male XXXX in China.

entities_list: @entity1988 :: ('MESH:D008181', 'Disease') :: ['lupus nephritis']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

answer: @entity1988 :: (MESH:D008181,Disease) :: ['lupus nephritis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that restoring the @entity1515 will increase a @entity1 's voluntary muscular strength and decrease back @entity158 symptoms. CLINICAL FEATURES: A @entity1 was diagnosed with @entity1643 . The initial radiographic study revealed a loss of the @entity1515 . The @entity1 determined his maximum bench press prior to the treatment program. The treatment outcome was based upon post-intervention radiographs, a @entity158 scale, and the @entity1 's post-intervention maximum bench press. INTERVENTION AND OUTCOME: The treatment program consisted of warm-up exercises, spinal manipulation, rehabilitative exercises, neuromuscular re-education, and prescribed home care. The treatment period consisted of 12 visits in the first 4 weeks, followed by once weekly for another 12 weeks, for a total of 24 visits in 4 months. In the first month, the Borg scale decreased from 5/10 to 0/10, and after 4 months the @entity1515 was increased from 2 degrees to 31 degrees . The sacral base angle (Ferguson's angle) increased from 18 degrees to 31 degrees . The @entity1 's maximum bench press also increased from 245 pounds to 305 pounds. CONCLUSION: Restoration of the @entity1515 appears to have a positive effect on muscular strength. This study supports the previous premise that a @entity1515 provides an inherent mechanical advantage for strength and stability.

title: Strength gains through XXXX restoration.

entities_list: @entity1643 :: ('MESH:D017116', 'Disease') :: ['mechanical low back pain']

entities_list: @entity1515 :: ('MESH:D008141', 'Disease') :: ['lumbar lordosis']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['Borg pain', 'pain']

answer: @entity1515 :: (MESH:D008141,Disease) :: ['lumbar lordosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To characterize postorthodontic settling of the posterior occlusion of @entity1 wearing @entity1268 vs @entity1 who initially wore Perfector retainers and then switched to @entity1268 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: This follow-up study was based on 40 @entity1 (25 Perfector and 15 Hawley), who were part of a larger sample of 50 @entity1 randomly assigned to wear either Hawley or Perfector retainers. The Perfector @entity1 were given @entity1268 2 months after retainer delivery. Occlusal bite registrations were scanned and traced to quantify posterior areas of contact and near contact (ACNC). A seven-item questionnaire was used to assess the @entity1 's perception of occlusion. Measurements were obtained at the on the day of retainer delivery, 2 months post delivery, 6 months post delivery, and 8 months post delivery. RESULTS: ACNC increased significantly (P < .05) during the first 6 months of retainer wear. The ACNC of the Hawley and Perfector/Hawley groups increased by 129% and 105%, respectively, over 8 months of retention. The greatest increases in ACNC occurred during the first 2 months. The ACNC further increased between 2 and 6 months in both groups. The Perfector/Hawley group also showed slight increases in ACNC between 6 and 8 months. Overall group differences were not statistically significant. The Perfector/Hawley group perceived greater improvements in occlusion than the Hawley group, but group differences after 8 months were small. CONCLUSIONS: Substantial amounts of settling occurred at decelerating rates during the first 6 months after retainer delivery. No significant differences in ACNC were found between the Hawley and Perfector/Hawley groups after 8 months of retainer wear.

title: Posterior occlusion changes with a Hawley vs Perfector and XXXX . A follow-up study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1268 :: ('MESH:D018457', 'Disease') :: ['Hawley retainers']

answer: @entity1268 :: (MESH:D018457,Disease) :: ['Hawley retainer']


abstract: Accumulation of carotenoids in @entity4986 is absolutely dependent on illumination with blue light. We report the analysis of the carotenoids of dark- and light-grown cultures of the wild type and several previously characterized mutants. A carR mutant produces the same carotenoids in the dark as the wild type grown in the light. This agrees with previous evidence indicating that the carR gene codes for a general negative regulator of the system. A cis-dominant mutation in the gene carA causes constitutive expression of the light-inducible gene carB, which is linked to carA. In the dark, the carA mutant produces high levels of @entity33145 , the first C40 colourless carotenoid precursor; in the light, it produces the same carotenoids as the wild type. Since a mutation in carB blocks accumulation of @entity33145 , we propose that carB, and probably other linked genes also controlled by carA, code for enzymes involved in the synthesis of @entity33145 . This is virtually the only carotene accumulated by strains mutated in the gene carC, which is unlinked to the others. Thus carC codes for @entity33145 dehydrogenase, the enzyme that converts @entity33145 into coloured carotenoids. The results presented here also provide evidence for control of carotenogenesis by an endproduct that is independent of the blue light effect.

title: Accumulation of carotenoids in structural and regulatory mutants of the bacterium XXXX .

entities_list: @entity4986 :: ('34', 'Species') :: ['Myxococcus xanthus']

answer: @entity4986 :: (34,Species) :: ['Myxococcus xanthus']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity281 with Group A Streptococci have a high incidence and are, therefore, a considerable health problem. It is, therefore, desirable to distinguish this @entity281 of the upper respiratory tract. We report about the application of an immunologic rapid antigen detection test for Group A Streptococci and its medical and economic implications. METHODS: In a cross-sectional cohort study, 30 family physicians documented the application of the test in 519 @entity1 . Follow-up costs were compared with 109 family physicians who did not have access to the test. RESULTS: 40.27% of tests performed were positive for Streptococci. 99% of those patients received antibiotic treatment - predominantly with @entity114 . From those @entity1 who had shown a negative test result, only 18.4% received antibiotic treatment. Both @entity1 and physicians welcomed the availability of the test. We did not find any significant difference regarding the economic effect of the test. CONCLUSIONS: The employment of a rapid antigen detection test for Group A Streptococci in @entity1 with @entity697 increases therapeutic certitude and guideline-conform prescription of antibiotics among family physicians. We, therefore, assume that potential side effects of unnecessary antibiotic treatments could be minimized.

title: [Current diagnosis of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['Throat infections', 'bacterial infections from viral infections']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute pharyngitis']

entities_list: @entity114 :: ('MESH:D010406', 'Chemical') :: ['Penicillin']

answer: @entity697 :: (MESH:D000208,Disease) :: ['acute pharyngitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: @entity7160 is the most common cause of liver transplantation in US males. The limited number of donor livers calls for "prioritisation", favouring those @entity1 who will benefit most. The aim was to assess the efficacy of liver transplantation in @entity1 with @entity7160 . METHODS: We compared the survival of 169 transplanted @entity1 with two conservatively treated control groups, one of 169 @entity1 matched for prognostic factors (age, @entity82 severity, @entity548 history) and one of 169 simulated @entity1 . RESULTS: The probability of survival to 5 years in the transplanted group was 66% (95% confidence interval 58-74%) vs. 52% (44-60; p = 0.03) in the matched group and 54% (51-57; p = 0.01) in the simulated controls. Transplantation was associated with survival (relative risk = 1.51; p = 0.02), independently of risk score (risk = 2.07; p<0.001), indication, period of inclusion, centre experience, and @entity167 abstinence. @entity1 with severe disease (Pugh C11-15) benefited most in terms of 5-year survival: 58% (44-72) vs. 31% (17-45; p = 0.008) in the matched and 35% (30-40; p<0.001) in the simulated control groups. For @entity1 at lower risk there was no significant difference. CONCLUSIONS: Liver transplantation increases the 5-year survival of @entity1 with severe @entity7160 . In @entity1 at lower risk, efficacy of transplantation should be confirmed by longer follow-up or by randomised trial.

title: Evaluation of efficacy of liver transplantation in XXXX using matched and simulated controls: 5-year survival. Multi-centre group.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity7160 :: ('MESH:D008104', 'Disease') :: ['Alcoholic cirrhosis', 'alcoholic cirrhosis']

answer: @entity7160 :: (MESH:D008104,Disease) :: ['alcoholic cirrhosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Younger @entity1 diagnosed with @entity0 are more likely to have survival concerns related to fertility, which may influence their treatment decisions. OBJECTIVE: This qualitative study explores how young @entity1 make @entity5 treatment decisions and the role of fertility concerns in that process. METHODS: We used purposeful sampling to identify a diverse group of 20 young @entity0 survivors, half of whom had a @entity1 after @entity0 . We conducted open-ended telephone interviews and used cross-case, inductive analysis to identify themes. RESULTS: The main themes were (1) "I was young, I wanted to do everything possible to move forward with my life and not to have the @entity5 come back"; (2) "Fertility concerns are different for every @entity1 "; (3) "My oncologist was great    a huge part of my survivorship"; and (4) "They didn't tell me about my options, and I didn't think about fertility until it was too late." CONCLUSIONS: Although fertility was important to many @entity1 , treatment decisions were mainly motivated by survival concerns. Fertility concerns depended on life circumstances, and the timing in relation to diagnosis varied. There is a need for improved information regarding the impact of treatment on fertility and fertility preservation options, even if concerns are not expressed at diagnosis. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: It is critical that @entity5 care providers provide timely information regarding fertility. Oncology nurses are particularly well positioned to serve this role by communicating with @entity1 about their fertility concerns and reproductive planning prior to treatment and throughout the course of survivorship.

title: Young XXXX survivors: their perspectives on treatment decisions and fertility concerns.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'woman', 'patients', 'child']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']