abstract: Longitudinal, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) hip data from 4187 mostly white, elderly @entity1 from the Study of @entity3604 were studied with a structural analysis program. Cross-sectional geometry and @entity79 ( @entity79 ) were measured in narrow regions across the femoral neck and proximal shaft We hypothesized that altered skeletal load should stimulate adaptive increases or decreases in the section modulus (bending strength index) and that dimensional details would provide insight into @entity2100 . Weight change in the approximately 35 years between scan time points was used as the primary indicator of altered skeletal load. "Static" weight was defined as within 5% of baseline weight, whereas "gain" and 'loss" were those who gained or lost >5%, respectively. In addition, we used a frailty index to better identify those subjects undergoing changing in skeletal loading. Subjects were classified as frail if unable to rise from a chair five times without using arm support. Subjects who were both frail and lost weight (reduced loading) were compared with those who were not frail and either maintained weight (unchanged loading) or gained weight (increased loading). Sixty percent of subjects (n = 2,559) with unchanged loads lost @entity79 at the neck but not at the shaft, while section moduli increased slightly at both regions. Subjects with increasing load (n = 580) lost neck @entity79 but gained shaft @entity79 ; section moduli increased markedly at both locations. Those with declining skeletal loads (n = 105) showed the greatest loss of @entity79 at both neck and shaft; loss at the neck was caused by both increased loss of bone mass and greater subperiosteal expansion; loss in shaft @entity79 decline was only caused by greater loss of bone mass. This group also showed significant declines in section modulus at both sites. These results support the contention that mechanical homeostasis in the hip is evident in section moduli but not in bone mass or density. The adaptive response to declining skeletal loads, with greater rates of subperiosteal expansion and cortical thinning, may increase @entity2100 beyond that expected from the reduction in section modulus or bone mass alone.

title: Structural adaptation to changing skeletal load in the progression toward XXXX : the study of @entity3604 .

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone mineral density', 'BMD']

entities_list: @entity3604 :: ('MESH:D058866', 'Disease') :: ['Osteoporotic Fractures']

entities_list: @entity2100 :: ('MESH:D005600', 'Disease') :: ['fragility', 'hip fragility']

answer: @entity2100 :: (MESH:D005600,Disease) :: ['hip fragility']


abstract: The effects of sublingual @entity3575 (SLFC) were assessed in 11 hospice inpatients with @entity5 -related @entity158 . @entity1 were asked to rate their @entity158 , using a visual analogue scale, before SLFC, then after 3, 5, 10, 15, 30, 45 and 60 min. Six @entity1 (55%) had reductions in @entity158 scores at 10 min and nine @entity1 (82%) at 15 min. Ratings for SLFC were very good (18%), good (36%), moderate (28%), and bad (18%). Compared to the usual breakthrough medication, SLFC was better (46%), the same (36%), or worse (18%). Advantages of SLFC included ease of use, quick onset of action and no associated drowsiness. No systemic adverse events were noted, but two @entity1 reported @entity2133 and two a bitter taste. Two @entity1 found it difficult to retain the medication under the tongue. Seven @entity1 (64%) said they would continue to use SLFC. Sublingual @entity3575 appears safe and well tolerated by these @entity1 . Randomized placebo-controlled and dose ranging studies are required to confirm these findings.

title: Sublingual @entity3575 for XXXX -related @entity158 : a pilot study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['breakthrough pain', 'pain']

entities_list: @entity3575 :: ('MESH:D005283', 'Chemical') :: ['fentanyl citrate']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To establish a sequential diagnostic procedure of gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) @entity706 and provide evidence for selected optimal cases to be treated in the early stage. METHODS: Thirty-one cases of @entity356 ( @entity356 ) were selected and multiple investigations including histology, protein level, DNA and chromosome levels, combined with clinical follow-up were performed. Histological grade was according to Isaacson's criteria of @entity356 ; CD20, UCHL-1 (CD45RO), anti-kappa (kappa), anti-lambda (lambda) and Ki-67 were used for immunohistochemical staining; semi-nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect IgH gene rearrangement and reverse-transcription PCR (RT-PCR) was used to detect @entity37365 -MALT1 fusion of the chromosome translocation t(11;18)(q21;q21). Twenty-nine cases underwent eradication therapy for @entity1534 . Changes in histological grade, endoscopic appearance, expression of Ki-67 and IgH gene rearrangement were compared after eradication treatment. RESULTS: Of the 31 cases of @entity356 with predominant @entity102 and @entity2275 most were histological grade 2 and 3. Only one case had lambda light chain restriction and 10 cases had monoclonal IgH gene rearrangement. Expression of Ki-67 and monoclonal IgH gene rearrangement were significantly increased with @entity706 (P < 0.05). Two cases had @entity37365 -MALT1 fusion. @entity1534 was eradicated in 25 cases and another course of treatment had to be given in 4 cases. All cases were followed up for 1.5-37 months. Of the 27 successful eradication cases, 18 showed complete regression both histologically and endoscopically, 4 had partial regression and 7 were unchanged. CONCLUSIONS: A sequential diagnostic procedure based on histology, expression of Ki-67 combined with clonality of IgH rearrangement and @entity37365 -MALT1 fusion helps to diagnosis of early stage @entity6595 and choose the best treatment strategy.

title: Combined histology and molecular biology for diagnosis of early stage XXXX .

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma', 'increased lymphoid hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity6595 :: ('MESH:C535648', 'Disease') :: ['gastric MALT lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic gastritis']

entities_list: @entity1534 :: ('210', 'Species') :: ['Helicobacter pylori']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['GLH', 'gastric lymphoid hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity2275 :: ('MESH:D013276', 'Disease') :: ['gastric ulcer']

answer: @entity6595 :: (MESH:C535648,Disease) :: ['gastric MALT lymphoma']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVES: There are no studies focused on skeletal status in @entity1 with @entity401 ( @entity401 ). We hypothesized that @entity1 with @entity401 referred for lung transplantation would have a high prevalence of @entity170 related to @entity228 use or reduced pulmonary function and exercise capacity. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: Tertiary care center. @entity1 : Eighty-six @entity1 with @entity401 referred to our center for lung transplantation evaluation between March 1999 and April 2004. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to measure @entity79 ( @entity79 ) at the lumbar spine, femoral neck, total hip, and radius at the time of referral. Criteria developed by the World Health Organization were used to define @entity2331 and @entity170 . Fifty-five @entity1 (64%) had @entity401 , 14 @entity1 (16%) had nonspecific @entity401 , and 17 @entity1 (20%) had other forms of @entity401 . Sixty-four @entity1 (74%) were receiving corticosteroids, and 43 @entity1 (50%) were receiving preventive therapy for @entity170 . Eleven @entity1 (13%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 7 to 22%) met criteria for @entity170 at any site, and 49 @entity1 (57%; 95% CI, 46 to 68%) had @entity2331 . Lower body mass index (BMI) [adjusted odds ratio (OR), 1.3; 95% CI, 1.1 to 1.6; p = 0.007] and Hispanic ethnicity (adjusted OR, 9.7; 95% CI, 1.8 to 52; p = 0.008) were independently associated with an increased risk of @entity170 . Linear regression analysis confirmed that @entity79 at the femoral neck and hip was directly associated with BMI (p < 0.002). These findings were not affected by adjustment for the use of corticosteroids or @entity170 prophylaxis, pulmonary function, or exercise performance. CONCLUSIONS: Reduced @entity79 was common in @entity1 with @entity401 who were referred for lung transplantation. Lower @entity79 was associated with lower BMI, whereas there was no association with other clinical factors in our cohort. Hispanic @entity1 with @entity401 had a higher risk of @entity170 than non-Hispanic @entity1 , independent of other variables. Given their increased risk of @entity604 , @entity1 with @entity401 should undergo screening for @entity170 and receive prophylaxis and treatment according to published guidelines.

title: XXXX in @entity401 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity604 :: ('MESH:D016301', 'Disease') :: ['bone loss']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity228 :: ('CHEBI:50858', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroid']

entities_list: @entity2331 :: ('MESH:D001851', 'Disease') :: ['osteopenia']

entities_list: @entity401 :: ('MESH:D017563', 'Disease') :: ['usual interstitial pneumonia-pattern lung disease', 'diffuse parenchymal lung disease', 'interstitial pneumonia-pattern lung disease', 'DPLD']

answer: @entity170 :: (MESH:D010024,Disease) :: ['Osteoporosis']


abstract: @entity1282 and recurrent @entity354 complicate use of the Angelchik prosthesis. The authors developed an inflatable @entity1346 device, similar to the Angelchik prosthesis, that may allow for the adjustment of the total pressure exerted around the gastroesophageal junction after implantation. To estimate its potential to prevent @entity354 in @entity1 , we used a short-term porcine model in which we measured the effective lower esophageal sphincter pressure in 10 anesthetized @entity1707 using a computerized, three dimensional pressure vector volume analysis. Anesthesia and mobilization of the gastroesophageal junction did not modify the three dimensional pressure vector volume at the lower esophageal sphincter. Implantation of the deflated device significantly increased effective lower esophageal sphincter three dimensional pressure vector volume compared with baseline. Inflation of the device with 30 ml of saline further increased lower esophageal sphincter pressure significantly. Deflation of the device returned the pressure to the pre-inflation values. Using an animal model and short-term implantation, this new antireflux device appeared to offer the potential ability to adjust the pressure selectively at the gastroesophageal junction postoperatively. An added future feature of this device may be the ease of insertion using laparoscopic techniques. Long-term animal implantation studies and clinical trials are required to help establish the safety and efficacy of this device in @entity1 .

title: Development of an adjustable prosthesis for the treatment of XXXX : preliminary results in a porcine model.

entities_list: @entity1346 :: ('MESH:D012828', 'Chemical') :: ['silicone']

entities_list: @entity354 :: ('MESH:D005764', 'Disease') :: ['gastroesophageal reflux']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['Dysphagia']

answer: @entity354 :: (MESH:D005764,Disease) :: ['gastroesophageal reflux']


abstract: The ATP binding cassette half-transporters @entity34737 (G5) and @entity34738 (G8) form a sterol transporter that acts in liver and intestine to prevent accumulation of dietary sterols. Mutations in either G5 or G8 cause @entity25589 , a @entity74 characterized by sterol accumulation and premature @entity453 . Hepatic G5G8 mediates cholesterol excretion into bile, but the function and relative importance of intestinal G5G8 has not been defined. To determine the role of intestinal G5G8 we developed liver-specific (L-G5G8-/-), intestine-specific (I-G5G8-/-) and total (G5G8-/-) knockout @entity19 . Tissue levels of sitosterol, the most abundant plant sterol, were >90-fold higher in G5G8-/- @entity19 than in wild-type animals. Expression of G5G8 only in intestine or only in liver decreased tissue sterol levels by 90% when compared to G5G8-/- animals. Biliary sterol secretion was reduced in L-G5G8-/- and G5G8-/- @entity19 , but not in I-G5G8-/- @entity19 . Conversely, absorption of plant sterols was increased in I-G5G8-/- and G5G8-/- @entity19 , but not in L-G5G8-/- @entity19 . Reverse cholesterol transport, as assessed from the fraction of intravenously administered 3H-cholesterol that appeared in feces, was reduced in G5G8-/-, I-G5G8-/- @entity19 , and L-G5G8-/- @entity19 . Thus, G5G8 expression in both the liver and intestine protect animals from sterol accumulation and intestinal G5G8 contributes to extra-hepatic cholesterol efflux in @entity19 .

title: Relative Roles of XXXX / @entity34738 in Liver and Intestine.

entities_list: @entity25589 :: ('MESH:C537345', 'Disease') :: ['sitosterolemia']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['recessive disorder']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary atherosclerosis']

answer: @entity34737 :: (27409(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['ABCG5']


abstract: The complete sequence of the @entity6853 dehydrogenase (D-ldh) gene from @entity14921 . cremoris, cloned in @entity526 , were determined. The deduced @entity535 sequence showed homologies with all members of the D-specific-2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase family. Furthermore, the essential residues detected so far as being involved in catalysis were also conserved. Purification of the enzyme revealed physico-chemical properties corresponding to those predicted from the sequence. The active enzyme was a dimer of 40-kDa subunits. The Km values for @entity2388 , @entity880 , @entity2125 and @entity2125 were 0.3, 19, 0.03 and 0.16 mM, indicating that the enzyme reduced @entity2388 in vivo. Besides the D-LDH activity, @entity14921 . cremoris also displayed HicDH enzymatic activity, catalysing the reduction of @entity2388 analogs. The purified D-LDH displayed low HicDH-type activity; therefore, differences in specificity profiles between the crude extract and the purified enzyme suggested the occurrence of a specific HicDH.

title: Purification, properties and DNA sequence of the @entity6853 dehydrogenase from XXXX subsp. cremoris.

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity14921 :: ('1245', 'Species') :: ['L. mesenteroides subsp', 'Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp']

entities_list: @entity6853 :: ('CHEBI:16004', 'Chemical') :: ['D-lactate']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity2388 :: ('MESH:D019289', 'Chemical') :: ['pyruvate']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

answer: @entity14921 :: (1245,Species) :: ['Leuconostoc mesenteroides']


abstract: Resistance to pathogens is important for the sustainability and profitability of food fish production. In immune-related genes, the lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) gene is an important mediator of the inflammatory reaction. We analyzed the cDNA and genomic structure of the LBP gene in tilapia. The full-length cDNA (1901 bp) of the gene contained a 1416 bp open reading frame, encoding 471 @entity535 residues. Its genomic sequence was 5577 bp, comprising 15 exons and 14 introns. Under normal conditions, the gene was constitutively expressed in all examined tissues. The highest expression was detected in intestine and kidney. We examined the responses of the gene to challenges with two bacterial pathogens Streptcoccus agalactiae and @entity1678 . The gene was significantly upregulated in kidney and spleen post-infection with @entity5967 and A. hydrophila, respectively. However, the expression profiles of the gene after the challenge with the two pathogens were different. Furthermore, we identified three SNPs in the gene. There were significant associations (p < 0.05) of two of the three SNPs with the resistance to A. hydrophila, but not with the resistance to @entity5967 or growth performance. These results suggest that the LBP gene is involved in the acute-phase immunologic response to the @entity2348 , and the responses to the two bacterial pathogens are different. The two SNPs associated with the resistance to A. hydrophila may be useful in the selection of tilapia resistant to A. hydrophila.

title: The LBP Gene and Its Association with Resistance to XXXX in Tilapia.

entities_list: @entity2348 :: ('MESH:D001424', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial infections']

entities_list: @entity1678 :: ('644', 'Species') :: ['Aeromonas hydrophila']

answer: @entity1678 :: (644,Species) :: ['Aeromonas hydrophila']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the clinicopathological features of @entity1 with @entity189 of the @entity1494 (UCB), and analyze the association of clinicopathological characteristics with @entity5 recurrence and progression. METHODS: Altogether 658 UCB cases in Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center were collected from January 2006 to December 2010. The histopathologic materials and the clinical records were reviewed. Univariate and multivariate analyses were preformed to detect the association. RESULTS: The mean age of the @entity1 was 61.97 +/- 12.97 years (range, 20-90 years). Male to female ratio was about 5:1. A total of 517 cases (78.6%) were superficial at the time of diagnosis (stage Ta/T1). The mean follow-up period was 22.36 +/- 24.92 months. Twenty-five @entity1 lacking follow-up information were excluded in calculating recurrence and progression rates, the recurrence rate was about 37.0% (234/633), and progression rate about 6.2% (39/633). Three variables (grade, @entity5 growth pattern, and pathological stage) were found to be significant risk factors for @entity5 progression in univariate and multivariate analyses (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Most of the newly diagnosed UCB cases may be superficial diseases. Grade, @entity5 growth pattern, and pathological stage are associated with @entity5 progression of UCB.

title: A combined clinicopathologic analysis of 658 @entity189 cases of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['urothelial carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['urinary bladder']

answer: @entity1494 :: (MESH:D001745,Disease) :: ['urinary bladder']


abstract: The case history of a 15 1/2-year-old @entity1 is presented who suffers from screaming fits during the night and @entity10895 . The problem has existed since he was eight. He lives alone with his mother in a "partner-like" relationship. The previous diagnosis, @entity302 , has masked any possible psychodynamic element. Our diagnostic instruments were: 1. Standardized diagnostics with DSM III-R; 2. psychoanalytically oriented psychodiagnostics; 3. long term EEG-video-monitoring, which eventually succeeded in differentiating his multiple symptoms. Using these methods we were able to differentiate a @entity25 ( @entity4464 ) from his grandmal @entity302 . We changed his anticonvulsive pharmacological therapy and introduced an individual psychotherapy ("Katathymes Bilderleben"). This kind of psychotherapy is applied for the first time as a therapy for @entity4464 . By using this therapeutic concept we cured our @entity1 from his symptoms.

title: [Non- XXXX ( @entity4464 ) in @entity302 . Diagnostic and therapeutic possibilities].

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy', 'namely epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity4464 :: ('MESH:D013009', 'Disease') :: ['somnambulism']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['sleep disorder']

answer: @entity25 :: (MESH:D012893,Disease) :: ['epileptic sleep disorders']


abstract: OBJECT: Corpus callosotomy is usually intended to alleviate-not to achieve total control of- @entity302 . A few @entity1 experience complete @entity410 control after callosotomy, but the associated clinical factors are unknown. The object of this study was to investigate clinical factors associated with long-term @entity410 remission after total corpus callosotomy in @entity1 with infantile or early childhood onset @entity302 . METHODS: Thirteen consecutive @entity1 with infantile or early childhood onset @entity302 underwent 1-stage total corpus callosotomy for alleviation of @entity410 . Their age at surgery ranged from 1 year and 5 months to 24 years (median 7 years). Eleven @entity1 had @entity739 at the onset of disease, and the other 2 had @entity5761 . All @entity1 suffered from @entity2473 , @entity410 , or @entity410 . Six @entity1 had proven etiology of @entity302 , including @entity2916 , @entity8568 , @entity130 , and @entity87 . The association between postoperative @entity410 freedom and preoperative factors including age at surgery, no @entity854 , proven etiology, and focal electroencephalographic epileptiform discharges was examined. RESULTS: Postoperative @entity410 freedom was achieved in 4 of 13 @entity1 for a minimum of 12 months. All 4 @entity1 had no @entity854 and no identified etiology. None of the 8 @entity1 with @entity854 , 6 @entity1 with known etiology of @entity302 , or 4 @entity1 aged older than 10 years at surgery achieved @entity410 freedom. Two of the 7 @entity1 with focal electroencephalographic abnormalities became @entity410 free. Absence of @entity854 was significantly associated with postoperative @entity410 freedom (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: @entity410 is achieved after total corpus callosotomy in a subgroup of @entity1 with intractable @entity302 following @entity739 or @entity5761 . One-stage total corpus callosotomy at a young age may provide a higher rate of @entity410 freedom, especially for @entity1 with no @entity854 and no identified etiology of @entity302 .

title: Complete remission of XXXX after corpus callosotomy.

entities_list: @entity5761 :: ('MESH:D065768', 'Disease') :: ['Lennox-Gastaut syndrome']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['Complete seizure remission', 'seizure', 'seizures', 'atonic seizures', 'axial tonic seizures']

entities_list: @entity87 :: ('MESH:D058496', 'Disease') :: ['Smith-Magenis syndrome']

entities_list: @entity8568 :: ('MESH:D065706', 'Disease') :: ['polymicrogyria']

entities_list: @entity739 :: ('MESH:D013036', 'Disease') :: ['West syndrome']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['MRI abnormality', 'MRI abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity2916 :: ('MESH:D014402', 'Disease') :: ['tuberous sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epileptic seizures', 'epilepsy']

answer: @entity410 :: (MESH:D012640,Disease) :: ['seizures']


abstract: BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Repair of recurrent @entity2914 continues to be a difficult problem. An innovative method using a nonabsorbable @entity7502 prosthetic mesh plug placed via the thoracic approach using minimal dissection is presented. METHODS: A retrospective analysis showed 39 @entity1 with @entity2914 ( @entity2914 ) who underwent repair between January 1997 and March 2000. Five @entity1 suffered a recurrence and underwent repair via the thoracic approach using the Bard Marlex Mesh Perfix Plug (C.R. Bard Inc, Billerica, MA). Follow-up was available in all @entity1 and ranged from 1 to 33 months (average, 13.8 months). RESULTS: Age at recurrence ranged from 2 to 48 months (average, 14.8 months), and the average time between initial repair and recurrence was 8.2 months (range, 2 to 16 months). There were no recurrences after the transthoracic mesh plug diaphragmatic hernioplasty. One @entity1 died of @entity154 6 months after repair. CONCLUSION: The transthoracic repair of recurrent @entity2914 using a nonabsorbable @entity7502 prosthetic mesh plug represents an innovative approach to a difficult problem in which 5 repairs have been accomplished without recurrence in nearly 14 months of follow-up. J Pediatr Surg 36:1768-1769.

title: Recurrent XXXX : A novel repair.

entities_list: @entity2914 :: ('MESH:D065630', 'Disease') :: ['diaphragmatic hernia', 'diaphragmatic hernias', 'congenital diaphragmatic hernia', 'CDH']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'child']

entities_list: @entity7502 :: ('MESH:D011126', 'Chemical') :: ['polypropylene']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['multiple congenital anomalies']

answer: @entity2914 :: (MESH:D065630,Disease) :: ['congenital diaphragmatic hernia']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We report our surgical experience in @entity4263 (CCTGAs) and the long-term follow-up result. METHODS: From January 1995 to February 2012, 56 @entity1 with CCTGA received definite surgical repair; 15 @entity1 received conventional repair (Group I), 18 @entity1 received anatomical repair (Group II) and 23 @entity1 received single ventricular palliation (Group III). They were followed for early and late mortality, long-term survival, postoperative morbidity and reintervention or reoperation. RESULTS: The overall survival rate was 80% at 16 years in Group I, 53% at 13 years in Group II and 100% at 13 years in Group III. After excluding the early surgical mortality, the long-term survival rate was 92% at 16 years in Group I, 64% at 13 years in Group II and 100% at 13 years in Group III. @entity1 with significant @entity997 showed the worst outcome after surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Our series showed good results with single ventricular palliation (SVP) in CCTGA with complex anatomy, but the long-term result should be followed. Anatomical repair is the choice of operation only for those with favourable anatomy. The more complicated intracardiac repair may result in late left @entity3585 , various degrees of @entity3885 and the lack of an ideal conduit (e.g. homograft) for Rastelli reconstruction. Therefore, we preferred SVP in @entity1 with complex and unfavourable anatomy.

title: 17-year experience in surgical management of XXXX : a single-centre's experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3585 :: ('MESH:D014694', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular outflow tract obstruction']

entities_list: @entity3885 :: ('MESH:D008173', 'Disease') :: ['atrioventricular block, systemic or pulmonary venous return obstruction']

entities_list: @entity997 :: ('MESH:D014262', 'Disease') :: ['tricuspid valve regurgitation']

entities_list: @entity4263 :: ('MESH:C535426', 'Disease') :: ['congenitally corrected transposition of great arteries']

answer: @entity4263 :: (MESH:C535426,Disease) :: ['congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to investigate the potential effects of borax on @entity63 /reperfusion injury of the @entity35 spinal cord. METHODS: Twenty-one @entity35 albino @entity35 were divided into 3 groups: sham (no @entity63 /reperfusion), @entity63 /reperfusion, and borax ( @entity63 /reperfusion  +  borax); each group was consist of 7 animals. Infrarenal aortic cross clamp was applied for 30  minutes to generate @entity2759 . Animals were evaluated functionally with the Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan scoring system and inclined-plane test. The spinal cord tissue samples were harvested to analyze tissue concentrations of @entity842 , @entity842 synthase activity, @entity3624 oxidase activity, total antioxidant capacity, and total oxidant status and to perform histopathological examination. RESULTS: At the 72nd hour after @entity63 , the borax group had significantly higher Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan and inclined-plane scores than those of @entity63 /reperfusion group. Histopathological examination of spinal cord tissues in borax group showed that treatment with borax significantly reduced the degree of spinal cord @entity4 , @entity32 , and tissue injury disclosed by light microscopy. Xanthine oxidase activity and total oxidant status levels of the @entity63 /reperfusion group were significantly higher than those of the sham and borax groups (P  <  .05), and total antioxidant capacity levels of borax group were significantly higher than those of the @entity63 /reperfusion group (P  <  .05). There was not a significantly difference between the sham and borax groups in terms of total antioxidant capacity levels (P  >  .05). The @entity842 levels and @entity842 synthase activity of all groups were similar (P  >  .05). CONCLUSIONS: Borax treatment seems to protect the spinal cord against injury in a @entity35 @entity63 /reperfusion model and improve neurological outcome.

title: Borax partially prevents neurologic disability and oxidative stress in experimental XXXX /reperfusion injury.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity3624 :: ('MESH:D019820', 'Chemical') :: ['xanthine']

entities_list: @entity2759 :: ('MESH:D020760', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord ischemia']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

answer: @entity2759 :: (MESH:D020760,Disease) :: ['spinal cord ischemia']


abstract: PURPOSE: The conduct of sentinel lymphadenectomy for @entity320 varies substantially among the medical disciplines. The authors sought to characterize the number of hot spots identified during preoperative lymphoscintigraphy for @entity320 and to determine its relation to the harvesting of sentinel lymph nodes. METHODS: Sixty-nine @entity1 with @entity320 underwent lymphoscintigraphy with filtered Tc-99m @entity599 colloid before sentinel lymphadenectomy. The lymphoscintigrams were reviewed and the number of hot spots visualized over time and the number of sentinel nodes harvested were determined. RESULTS: Lymphoscintigraphy identified 79 @entity1 with 87 lymphatic basins at risk for @entity3 . Lymphoscintigraphy was performed in a mean time of 30 minutes (range, 15 to 40 minutes). The mean number of hot spots increased from 0.2 to 2.0 hot spots 40 minutes after the initial static image, but the number of hot spots stabilized between 20 and 40 minutes. The same number of sentinel nodes as hot spots visualized were harvested in 58% of @entity1 . Fewer sentinel nodes were identified at the time of surgery than were visualized by lymphoscintigrams in 39% of @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: More hot spots were identified up to 40 minutes after the initiation of lymphoscintigraphy. Sentinel lymphadenectomy can be performed as near to 40 minutes after the initiation of lymphoscintigraphy as is logistically reasonable. However, there may be substantial latitude in delayed performance of sentinel lymphadenectomy.

title: Timing of sentinel lymphadenectomy in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['cutaneous melanoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic disease']

answer: @entity320 :: (MESH:D008545,Disease) :: ['cutaneous melanoma']


abstract: A study of major joint outcomes, specifically range of motion and @entity603 , was conducted with data from a subset of adolescents enrolled in the prospective @entity447 Growth and Development Study (HGDS). Clinical observations were carried out over a 7-year period from 1989 to 1996. A secondary aim was to gain insight into factors that might influence decisions regarding maintaining or discontinuing prophylaxis during early adulthood. Twenty-nine @entity1 (median age 17.4 at entry) were included. Median follow-up was 7 years (range: 4.8-7.7). Range of motion (ROM) and @entity603 in six major joints (knees, elbows and ankles), were evaluated by physical examination every 6-12 months. At the baseline observation, 73.6% of joints showed no @entity854 or @entity603 , and all joints were normal in 11 @entity1 . Of the 11 @entity1 , 54.5% developed abnormalities and 28.1% of normal joints at baseline became abnormal during the follow-up. Ankles were the most severely affected and had persistent progression during late adolescence and adulthood. Elbows and knees did not show progression after the first few years of the follow-up. The progression of @entity2720 in adolescents and young adults varies from individual to individual and also in the site of affected joints. In view of this, the decision regarding discontinuation of prophylaxis in @entity1 with @entity447 should be individualized.

title: Long-term major joint outcomes in young adults with XXXX : interim data from the HGDS.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity447 :: ('MESH:D006467', 'Disease') :: ['haemophilia', 'Hemophilia']

entities_list: @entity603 :: ('MESH:D013585', 'Disease') :: ['synovitis']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['ROM abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity2720 :: ('MESH:D007592', 'Disease') :: ['haemophilic arthropathy']

answer: @entity447 :: (MESH:D006467,Disease) :: ['haemophilia']


abstract: The purpose of this study was to examine case-specific perceptions associated with dentists' decisions to report hypothetical cases suggestive of @entity1 maltreatment. Surveys were mailed to 500 @entity6191 ( @entity6191 ) in Georgia and all 200 @entity4806 ( @entity4806 ) in Georgia and Florida. The @entity6191 were chosen from a pool of 1500 by a stratified randomization scheme. Each survey contained two brief vignettes suggestive of, but not conclusive for, @entity1 neglect and abuse. Identical questions followed each vignette that were designed to assess five perceptions of the incident and whether the respondent would be likely to report the case. Responses were received from 185 @entity6191 (37%) and 103 @entity4806 (51.5%), for a total of 288 (41.1%). A majority of respondents considered each vignette to be serious, but only a minority believed that they were required to report the neglect (7.3%) and the abuse (33.7%) vignettes. The percentages of likely reporters of the neglect (n = 28) and abuse (N = 103) vignettes were 9.7 and 36%, respectively. No significant differences were noted in the response patterns of @entity6191 and @entity4806 . Decisions to report @entity1 maltreatment described in the vignettes were associated with perceptions of 1) the seriousness of the incident, 2) the incident being defined as neglect or abuse, and 3) a requirement to report. The possibility that a maltreatment report would have a negative impact on the @entity1 was associated with a decision not to report. The perception that a report would have a negative impact on the family was common among likely reporters and nonreporters.

title: Perceptions associated with dentists' decisions to report hypothetical cases of XXXX maltreatment.

entities_list: @entity4806 :: ('MESH:D063766', 'Disease') :: ['pediatric dentists', 'PDs']

entities_list: @entity6191 :: ('MESH:D004829', 'Disease') :: ['general dentists', 'GDs']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['child']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To find a rational way in early detecting the @entity41 in @entity1 with @entity189 ( @entity189 ) after radiotherapy. METHODS: A total of 47 @entity189 @entity1 who were diagnosed @entity41 after radiotherapy and treated in our hospital from Dec 2009 to Aug 2012 were included in this study and their clinicopathological and follow-up data were reviewed and analyzed. The @entity1 were checked by nasopharynx MRI, @entity29583 PET-CT and were examined by biopsy of the @entity41 within two weeks after radiotherapy. The diagnosis of relapses was determined by pathological re-examination. RESULTS: All the 47 @entity1 were followed up for 10-42 months. Three of them had nasopharynx relapse. The others had not @entity5 relapse and their @entity41 disappeared completely. The specificity of MRI, @entity29583 PET-CT and pathological @entity5 response in diagnosing @entity41 were 9.1%, 77.3%, and 95.5% (P<0.001). Their accuracy rates were 14.9%, 78.9%, and 95.7%, respectively (P<0.001). The M of SUVmax in the team who had moderate and severe pathologic @entity5 response (team A) was 3.05 and that in the team who had mild pathologic @entity5 response (team B) was 4.68 (P=0.012). None of @entity1 in the team A had nasopharynx relapse. Three @entity1 in the team B who had SUVmax >= 4 had nasopharynx relapses, and in other 2 @entity1 who had SUVmax <4, the @entity41 disappeared during the following-up. The specificity and accuracy in diagnosing @entity41 were increased when mild pathologic @entity5 response combined with SUVmax4 were used. CONCLUSION: PET-CT combined with pathologic @entity5 response is beneficial for early diagnosis of residual @entity5 after radiotherapy.

title: [Value of @entity29583 PET-CT associated with pathology in diagnosing @entity41 in @entity1 with XXXX after radiotherapy].

entities_list: @entity41 :: ('MESH:D018365', 'Disease') :: ['residual tumors', 'residual tumor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'nasopharyngeal tumors']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['nasopharyngeal carcinoma', 'NPC']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['nasopharyngeal carcinoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The purposes of this research were to describe the quality of care for severe and persistent mentally ill @entity1 with @entity161 who reside in an assisted living facility and to explore the characteristics related to the identification of need and the level of functioning of these individuals. The specific objectives of the study were to (a) describe characteristics of the residents, (b) identify relationships among characteristics of residents and the level of functioning, and (c) analyze relationships among these characteristics and resident needs. DESIGN: Correlational, quasi-experimental design. POPULATION/ SAMPLE/SETTING: Face-to-face semistructured interviews were conducted with 58 ALF residents with @entity161 and eight direct caregivers from eight assisted living facilities in Florida, resulting in representation of 20% of the public assisted living facilities in one county. METHOD: Face to face, semi-structured interviews utilizing multiple scales and instruments. FINDINGS: Findings indicated that the profile of a typical resident living in a public ALF consisted of a 43-year-old, never married Caucasian male who dropped out of high school and had suffered from a @entity146 for over 21 years. The most frequent reported current mental health treatment modality of residents was attendance at a community mental health center. This average resident had five inpatient @entity146 hospitalizations, had not been an inpatient at a state @entity146 facility, and was prescribed an average of four different @entity146 medications. Spearman correlational coefficients and stepwise multiple regression analyses revealed that significant relationships existed between level of functioning and the following characteristics: positive symptoms (p = 0.0003), negative symptoms (p = 0.003), medication knowledge (p = 0.0001), and @entity10686 scores, current (p = 0.01) and past (p = 0.009). No significant relationships were indicated among resident characteristics and resident needs. CONCLUSIONS: This descriptive, correlational study provides the foundation for further research on the quality of care for individuals with severe and persistent mental illnesses who reside in assisted living facilities. Understanding the interactions among symptoms of @entity161 , level of functioning, and unmet needs may provide a future focus for mental health treatment planning and intervention. IMPLICATIONS: National and international agencies develop and implement assisted living facility standards that impact the lives of residents with moderate levels of functioning and multiple unmet needs, having implications for both practice and mental health policy.

title: Living among strangers: the needs and functioning of @entity1 with XXXX residing in an assisted living facility.

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric', 'psychiatric illness']

answer: @entity161 :: (MESH:D012559,Disease) :: ['schizophrenia']


abstract: PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The prevalence of @entity28 and of @entity6 are increasing at an accelerating rate in the USA and other industrialized countries. Free @entity1718 (FFAs) have emerged as a major link between @entity28 and insulin resistance/ @entity6 . A review of the interaction between FFAs and @entity413 metabolism is therefore timely and relevant. RECENT FINDINGS: Acute and chronic elevations in plasma FFAs produce peripheral (muscle) and hepatic insulin resistance. In skeletal muscle, this process is associated with accumulation of intramyocellular @entity412 and @entity2366 , and with activation of protein kinase C (the beta and delta isoforms). It is hypothesized that FFAs interfere with insulin signaling via protein kinase C-induced @entity563 phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1. In the liver, FFAs cause insulin resistance by interfering with insulin suppression of glycogenolysis. In the beta cells, FFAs potentiate @entity413 -stimulated insulin secretion. It is postulated that this prevents the @entity6 in the majority (approximately 80%) of @entity28 insulin-resistant @entity1 . SUMMARY: Elevated plasma FFA levels have been shown to account for up to 50% of insulin resistance in @entity28 @entity1 with @entity6 . Lowering of FFAs in these @entity1 or interfering with steps in the pathway through which FFAs cause insulin resistance could be a new and promising approach to treat @entity6 .

title: Interaction between free XXXX and @entity413 metabolism.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity2366 :: ('CHEBI:41847', 'Chemical') :: ['diacylglycerol']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['development type 2 diabetes mellitus', 'type 2 diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obese', 'obesity']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity563 :: ('CHEBI:17822', 'Chemical') :: ['serine']

entities_list: @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity1718 :: (MESH:D005227,Chemical) :: ['fatty acids']


abstract: @entity1560 is the initial stage of @entity1561 ( @entity1561 ) and may predispose to more severe @entity99 , including @entity157 . Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has been recently implicated as a novel mechanism that may lead to @entity1561 , although the genetic factors invoking ER stress are largely unknown. During a screen for @entity99 from a @entity3392 insertional mutant library, we isolated the mutant cdipthi559Tg/+ (hi559). @entity60257 is known to play an indispensable role in @entity4357 (PtdIns) synthesis. Here we show that @entity60257 is expressed in the developing liver, and its disruption in hi559 mutants abrogates de novo PtdIns synthesis, resulting in @entity382 at 5 days postfertilization. The hi559 hepatocytes display features of @entity1561 , including @entity1560 , ballooning, and necroapoptosis. Gene set enrichment of microarray profiling revealed significant enrichment of @entity1642 response (ERSR) genes in hi559 mutants. ER stress markers, including @entity3710 , @entity3711 , calr, and @entity60258 , are selectively up-regulated in the mutant liver. The hi559 expression profile showed significant overlap with that of @entity1 hepatic ER stress and @entity1561 . Ultrastructurally, the hi559 hepatocytes display marked disruption of ER architecture with hallmarks of chronic unresolved ER stress. Induction of ER stress by @entity2425 in wild-type larvae results in a fatty liver similar to hi559, suggesting that ER stress could be a fundamental mechanism contributing to @entity1560 . CONCLUSION: @entity60257 -deficient @entity3392 exhibit hepatic ER stress and @entity1561 pathologies, implicating a novel link between PtdIns, ER stress, and @entity1560 . The tractability of hi559 mutant provides a valuable tool to dissect ERSR components, their contribution to molecular pathogenesis, and evaluation of novel therapeutics of @entity1561 .

title: Lack of de novo XXXX synthesis leads to @entity1642 and @entity1560 in @entity60257 -deficient @entity3392 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian']

entities_list: @entity1560 :: ('MESH:D005234', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic steatosis', 'Hepatic steatosis', 'steatosis', 'macrovesicular steatosis']

entities_list: @entity4357 :: ('MESH:D010716', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphatidylinositol']

entities_list: @entity2425 :: ('MESH:D014415', 'Chemical') :: ['tunicamycin']

entities_list: @entity1561 :: ('MESH:D065626', 'Disease') :: ['NAFLD', 'nonalcoholic fatty liver disease']

entities_list: @entity382 :: ('MESH:D006529', 'Disease') :: ['hepatomegaly']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic disease', 'liver defects']

entities_list: @entity1642 :: ('MESH:D015775', 'Disease') :: ['endoplasmic reticulum stress']

answer: @entity4357 :: (MESH:D010716,Chemical) :: ['phosphatidylinositol']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Membrane-bound ion translocators have important functions in biology, but their mechanisms of action are often poorly understood. Transhydrogenase, found in animal mitochondria and bacteria, links the redox reaction between @entity2125 (H) and @entity1110 (H) to proton translocation across a membrane. Linkage is achieved through changes in protein conformation at the @entity377 binding sites. The redox reaction takes place between two protein components located on the membrane surface: dI, which binds NAD(H), and dIII, which binds @entity1110 (H). A third component, dII, provides a proton channel through the membrane. Intact membrane-located transhydrogenase is probably a dimer (two copies each of dI, dII, and dIII). RESULTS: We have solved the high-resolution crystal structure of a dI:dIII complex of transhydrogenase from @entity14681 -the first from a transhydrogenase of any species. It is a heterotrimer, having two polypeptides of dI and one of dIII. The dI polypeptides fold into a dimer. The loop on dIII, which binds the @entity4571 ring of @entity1110 (H), is inserted into the NAD(H) binding cleft of one of the dI polypeptides. The cleft of the other dI is not occupied by a corresponding dIII component. CONCLUSIONS: The redox step in the transhydrogenase reaction is readily visualized; the NC4 atoms of the @entity4571 rings of the bound @entity2036 are brought together to facilitate direct @entity7470 transfer with A-B stereochemistry. The asymmetry of the dI:dIII complex suggests that in the intact enzyme there is an alternation of conformation at the catalytic sites associated with changes in @entity377 binding during proton translocation.

title: The crystal structure of an asymmetric complex of the two XXXX binding components of proton-translocating transhydrogenase.

entities_list: @entity2036 :: ('MESH:D009711', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotides']

entities_list: @entity7470 :: ('CHEBI:29239', 'Chemical') :: ['hydride']

entities_list: @entity377 :: ('CHEBI:36976', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotide']

entities_list: @entity4571 :: ('MESH:D009536', 'Chemical') :: ['nicotinamide']

entities_list: @entity14681 :: ('1085', 'Species') :: ['Rhodospirillum rubrum']

answer: @entity377 :: (CHEBI:36976,Chemical) :: ['nucleotide']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the cost-effectiveness of @entity14292 versus @entity1482 as an adjunctive therapy to standard care in @entity1 with @entity712 ( @entity712 ) following a @entity583 ( @entity8447 ) from the perspective of the National Health Service in the United Kingdom. METHODS: A systematic review was conducted, and a Bayesian meta-regression approach was used to establish the relative effectiveness of @entity14292 and @entity1482 by using evidence from randomized controlled trials. A decision analytic model was developed to assess the costs and consequences associated with the primary outcome of the trials over a lifetime time horizon. RESULTS: The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of @entity14292 compared with that of standard care alone was    4457 and    7893 for each additional quality-adjusted life-year when 2-year and lifetime treatment duration was assumed, respectively. In both scenarios, @entity1482 did not appear cost-effective compared with @entity14292 . The results were sensitive to the higher relative effectiveness estimated for @entity14292 compared with @entity1482 from the meta-regression. When a class effect was assumed for the effect on mortality and hospitalizations, @entity1482 emerged as the most cost-effective treatment. CONCLUSIONS: @entity14292 appears more cost-effective than @entity1482 for the treatment of @entity712 . These findings, however, remain subject to important uncertainties regarding the effects of treatment on major clinical events. An adequately powered, well-conducted randomized controlled trial that directly compares @entity1482 and @entity14292 may be required to provide more robust evidence on the optimal management of @entity712 . Despite these uncertainties, the use of an @entity1369 antagonist was consistently demonstrated to be a highly cost-effective strategy for the management of @entity712 in the National Health Service.

title: Cost-effectiveness of @entity1369 antagonists for the treatment of post-myocardial XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['HF', 'post-MI HF', 'heart failure']

entities_list: @entity1369 :: ('MESH:D000450', 'Chemical') :: ['aldosterone']

entities_list: @entity14292 :: ('MESH:C414690', 'Chemical') :: ['eplerenone', 'Eplerenone']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity1482 :: ('MESH:D013148', 'Chemical') :: ['spironolactone']

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['infarction heart failure']


abstract: From 1962 to 1987, 126 @entity1 underwent trans-sphenoidal surgery for primary treatment of @entity977 unassociated with clinical or biochemical evidence of hormonal overproduction. There were 73 male and 53 female @entity1 (mean age, 50 +/- 12 years). Before surgery, 56% of the @entity1 (70 of 124) had @entity10 , 74% (94 of 126) had @entity227 , and 12% (15 of 126) had @entity4610 . Endocrine evaluation revealed the presence of @entity6126 in 75% (87 of 115), @entity1887 in 36% (46 of 126), and @entity1375 in 18% (21 of 122). Plasma prolactin was increased in 65% (56 of 86) with a mean level of 39 +/- 14 micrograms/l (normal, 3 to 20 micrograms/l). Radiologic @entity4776 was documented in all cases: 67% (84 of 126) had enclosed and 33% (42 of 126) had invasive @entity652 . After surgery, vision was normalized or improved in 75% (71 of 94) of the @entity1 . Thyroid, adrenal, and gonadal functions were improved in 14% (three of 22), 41% (19 of 46), 11% (ten of 87), were unchanged in 82% (100 of 122), 77% (97 of 126), 89% (102 of 115), and worsened in 15% (19 of 22), 8% (ten of 126), 3% (102 of 115), respectively. Permanent @entity2010 occurred in 5% (seven of 126). Two @entity1 died during the immediate postoperative period. The recurrence rate in @entity1 with a mean follow-up of 6.4 +/- 4.2 years was 21% (15 of 71). These data indicate that trans-sphenoidal microsurgery is an effective and safe initial treatment for @entity1 with nonsecreting @entity977 and may reverse @entity4614 .

title: The clinical and endocrine outcome to trans-sphenoidal microsurgery of nonsecreting XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1375 :: ('MESH:D007037', 'Disease') :: ['hypothyroidism']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['deterioration of vision']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['adenomas']

entities_list: @entity1887 :: ('MESH:D000309', 'Disease') :: ['adrenal insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity4776 :: ('MESH:D004652', 'Disease') :: ['enlargement of the sella turcica']

entities_list: @entity4610 :: ('MESH:D009886', 'Disease') :: ['ophthalmoplegia']

entities_list: @entity4614 :: ('MESH:D007018', 'Disease') :: ['hypopituitarism']

entities_list: @entity977 :: ('MESH:D010911', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary adenomas', 'pituitary adenoma']

entities_list: @entity6126 :: ('MESH:D007006', 'Disease') :: ['hypogonadism']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headaches']

entities_list: @entity2010 :: ('MESH:D003919', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes insipidus']

answer: @entity977 :: (MESH:D010911,Disease) :: ['pituitary adenomas']


abstract: @entity32 is a crucial factor for the recurrence of peptic @entity1066 . In this study, we examined the effect of @entity21209 on neutrophils infiltration, lipid peroxidation, and antioxidative enzyme activities in the recurrence of experimental gastric @entity1066 . @entity1066 was examined at 60, 100, and 140 days after production of @entity1543 -induced @entity2275 in @entity35 . Gastric neutrophil infiltration, lipid peroxidation, and antioxidative enzyme activities were determined by analyses of @entity1589 ( @entity1589 ) activity, @entity4466 reactive substance (TBARS) levels, and @entity2041 peroxidase ( @entity35866 ) and @entity224 dismutase (SOD) activities in the @entity1066 region, respectively. The effect of @entity21209 , an antigastric- @entity1066 agent, on @entity1066 recurrence was assessed following oral administration at 60 mg/kg/day from day 20. In the control and @entity21209 groups, gastric @entity1066 indices were reduced on day 100 compared with day 60; however, increases were observed on day 140, indicating @entity1066 recurrence. In the @entity21209 group, the @entity1066 index was smaller than in the control group at each time point and the effect was significant on day 140. Although marked elevation of @entity1589 activities was observed in the control group during the experiment, no significant elevations were seen in the @entity21209 group on days 100 and 140. TBARS levels were significantly elevated in the control group on day 140, but not in the @entity21209 group. @entity21209 suppressed the decrease in @entity35866 activity on day 60. These results suggest that lipid peroxidation of gastric tissue mediated by free radicals from neutrophils is responsible for the recurrence of @entity1543 -induced @entity2275 in @entity35 , and that the elimination of free radicals by @entity21209 may contribute to the reduction of severity in @entity1066 recurrence.

title: @entity21209 reduces recurrence of experimental XXXX : role of free radicals and neutrophils.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['Mucosal inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulcer', 'Ulcer recurrence']

entities_list: @entity2041 :: ('MESH:D005978', 'Chemical') :: ['glutathione']

entities_list: @entity4466 :: ('MESH:C029684', 'Chemical') :: ['thiobarbituric acid']

entities_list: @entity21209 :: ('MESH:C052785', 'Chemical') :: ['rebamipide', 'Rebamipide']

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide']

entities_list: @entity1543 :: ('MESH:D019342', 'Chemical') :: ['acetic acid']

entities_list: @entity2275 :: ('MESH:D013276', 'Disease') :: ['gastric ulcers']

answer: @entity2275 :: (MESH:D013276,Disease) :: ['gastric ulcers']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Numerous practice guidelines have recommended cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and psychodynamic therapy as a treatment of choice for @entity308 in @entity191 ( @entity191 ). However, no recent meta-analysis has examined the effects of brief psychotherapy (which includes both CBT and psychodynamic therapy) for @entity308 in @entity191 . We decided to conduct such a systematic review and meta-analysis. We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining the effects of brief psychotherapy compared with control groups, other support nursing, or pharmacotherapy. The quality of included studies was strictly evaluated. Twelve studies including 766 @entity1 met all inclusion criteria. The result showed that brief psychotherapy could evidently improve the HAMD (p  <  0.00001) and Moca scale (p  =  0.006). There was no statistical significance in PDQ-39 scale (p  =  0.31). In the subgroup analysis by types of brief psychotherapy, the efficacy of psychodynamic psychotherapy was better than CBT ( @entity7126  =  -2.02 vs @entity7126  =  -0.90) for the outcome measure according to HAMD scale. Meanwhile, we found brief psychotherapy in China was more effective than in US ( @entity7126  =  -1.54 vs @entity7126  =  -1.23), and in low quality studies was more efficacious than in high quality studies ( @entity7126  =  -1.50 vs @entity7126  =  -1.33). Time of brief psychotherapy treatment above 6  weeks was superior to studies with less than 6  weeks treatment. We found brief psychotherapy is probable effective in the management of @entity308 in @entity191 @entity1 . But one reason to undermine the validity of findings is high clinical heterogeneity and low methodological quality of the included trials.

title: A systematic review and meta-analysis of cognitive behavioral and psychodynamic therapy for @entity308 in @entity191 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression', 'adult depression']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease", 'PD']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Severe @entity130 presents several challenges to the reconstructive surgeon. Acute rigid fixation of the facial skeleton accompanied by bone grafting to restore the confines and volume of the orbit provide the best opportunity for acceptable aesthetic results. The severity of the @entity130 causes the late postoperative complication of @entity9577 . @entity2694 with subsequent cicatricial change results in significant alteration in extraocular motility with resultant @entity892 . There are no reports in the literature which critically evaluate the effect of late @entity9577 correction on extraocular motility, @entity892 , and vision in @entity1 who have suffered Le Fort or NOE @entity174 . A retrospective study is presented which reviews the results of late surgery for the correction of @entity9577 in 40 @entity1 , all of whom had severe " @entity8924 . This study addresses the following questions: (1) Can the globe effectively be repositioned?, (2) Is there a change in subjective @entity892 ?, (3) Does a change in extraocular motility occur, and if it does, is it predictable?, (4) Is there a risk to visual acuity? and finally, (5) Do the answers to questions 1 through 4 suggest that late surgical intervention for the correction of @entity9577 should be recommended for this @entity1 population? During a 9-year period, 44 @entity1 with severe @entity130 received surgery for @entity9577 correction. A review of 40 @entity1 on whom 56 operations were performed is presented. Thirty-eight @entity1 had @entity9577 and 35 had @entity75 . Medial displacement of the globe occurred in 11 @entity1 . Twenty-nine @entity1 had @entity892 . Six @entity1 had vision too poor on the injured side to have @entity892 . Enophthalmos was improved in 32 @entity1 . @entity10244 was improved in 31 cases. However, neither @entity9577 nor @entity10244 of the globe could be improved with every operation. Only 35 of the 48 operations for @entity9577 for which measurements were available produced an improvement; in 1 case the @entity9577 was thought to be worse postoperatively. @entity10244 operations resulted in improvement in 40 of 48 operations; in 2 instances @entity10244 was worse postoperatively. @entity892 was unchanged by 33 operations, improved by 11 procedures, and worsened by 6. If @entity1 are considered before and after their total reconstruction course, @entity892 was improved in 9 of the 29 @entity1 . In seven of these nine, @entity892 was eliminated. There was no change in or production of @entity892 in 19 @entity1 , and 5 @entity1 had worsening of their double vision.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: The ophthalmic implications of the correction of late XXXX following severe @entity130 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity10244 :: ('MESH:D014849', 'Disease') :: ['Dystopia of the globe', 'dystopia', 'Dystopia']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures']

entities_list: @entity9577 :: ('MESH:D015841', 'Disease') :: ['enophthalmos']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['inferior displacement of the globe']

entities_list: @entity2694 :: ('MESH:D009916', 'Disease') :: ['Injury to orbital structures']

entities_list: @entity8924 :: ('MESH:D009917', 'Disease') :: ['impure" orbital fractures']

entities_list: @entity892 :: ('MESH:D004172', 'Disease') :: ['Diplopia', 'diplopia']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['diplopia trauma', 'trauma', 'midfacial trauma']

answer: @entity9577 :: (MESH:D015841,Disease) :: ['enophthalmos']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Host feeding patterns of Anopheles minimus in relation to ambient environmental conditions were observed during a 2-year period at Tum Sua Village, located in Mae Sot District, Tak Province, in western Thailand, where An. minimus is found in abundance and regarded as the most predominant @entity311 vector species. Detailed information on mosquito behavior is important for understanding the epidemiology of disease transmission and developing more effective and efficient vector control methods. METHODS: Adult mosquitoes were collected every 2   months for two consecutive nights from 1800 to 0600   hrs. Three collection methods were used; indoor @entity1 -landing collections (HLC), outdoor HLC, and outdoor @entity291 -bait collections (CBC). RESULTS: A total of 7,663 female Anopheles mosquitoes were collected of which 5,392 were identified as members of 3 different species complexes, the most prevalent being Anopheles minimus complex (50.36%), followed by Anopheles maculatus complex (19.68%) and Anopheles dirus complex (0.33%). An. minimus s.s. comprised virtually all (> 99.8 percent) of Minimus Complex species captured. Blood feeding behavior of An. minimus was more pronounced during the second half of the evening, showing a slight preference to blood feed outdoors (~60%) versus inside structures. Significantly (P   <   0.0001) more An. minimus were collected from @entity1 -baited methods compared with a tethered @entity291 , indicating a more anthropophilic feeding behavior. Although a significant difference in total number of mosquitoes from the HLC was recorded between the first and second year, the mean biting frequency over the course of the evening hours remained similar. CONCLUSIONS: The @entity1 landing activity of An. minimus in Tum Sua Village showed a stronger preference/attraction for @entity1 compared to a @entity291 -baited collection method. This study supports the incrimination of An. minimus as the primary @entity311 vector in the area. A better understanding of mosquito behavior related to host preference, and the temporal and spatial blood feeding activity will help facilitate the design of vector control strategies and effectiveness of vector control management programs in Thailand.

title: Host feeding patterns and preference of Anopheles minimus (Diptera: Culicidae) in a XXXX endemic area of western Thailand: baseline site description.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human', 'Human']

answer: @entity311 :: (MESH:D008288,Disease) :: ['malaria']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity674 ( @entity674 ) is a rare @entity1820 . It is known to be resistant to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The administration of @entity2213 , a @entity669 kinase inhibitor, resulted in a dramatic response and improved survival in @entity1 with @entity674 . This study examined the long term response and side effects of @entity2213 treatment in Israeli @entity1 with @entity674 . @entity1 AND METHODS: The study followed-up on 25 @entity1 from various hospitals in Israel treated between the years 2001 and 2006. The mean follow-up time was 36.3 months (17-63 months). RESULTS: One @entity1 achieved complete response, 13 @entity1 (52%) achieved partial response, 9 @entity1 (35%) achieved stable disease, and 2 @entity1 did not have measurable disease. The median survival was not yet reached. Twelve @entity1 (48%) had a decrease in the attenuation of the @entity5 into a cystic appearance. Eleven @entity1 (44%) developed late resistance to the treatment (after 7-54 months). The median time to progression was not yet reached. The adverse events were mostly mild. Severe adverse events (grade 3-4 Common @entity137 Criteria (CTC)) occurred in 24% of the @entity1 . There was no advantage regarding survival or time to progression for the @entity1 who had partial response compared to those @entity1 who had stable disease (P=0.39 and P=0.71 respectively). CONCLUSIONS: @entity2213 results in a dramatic response in @entity1 with @entity674 , and is well tolerated. The introduction of new drugs such as @entity2240 which is now in an advanced phase of clinical study, may provide additional solutions in the treatment of @entity674 .

title: [ @entity2213 (glivec) as a treatment for @entity674 ( XXXX )--long term follow-up].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['Toxicity']

entities_list: @entity2240 :: ('MESH:C473478', 'Chemical') :: ['sunitinib']

entities_list: @entity1820 :: ('MESH:D005770', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal tumor']

entities_list: @entity674 :: ('MESH:D046152', 'Disease') :: ['GIST', 'Gastrointestinal stromal tumor']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

entities_list: @entity2213 :: ('MESH:C097613', 'Chemical') :: ['imatinib', 'imatinib mesylate', 'Imatinib']

answer: @entity674 :: (MESH:D046152,Disease) :: ['GIST']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the utility of a personalized risk stratification and radioactive @entity1496 (RAI) selection protocol (PRSP) using post-operative stimulated thyroglobulin (Stim-Tg) and neck ultrasound in low- and intermediate-risk @entity3557 ( @entity3557 ) @entity1 . @entity1 with @entity3557 >= 1  cm were prospectively followed after total thyroidectomy and selective therapeutic central compartment neck dissection. Low/intermediate risk  was defined as @entity3557 confined to the thyroid or central (level VI) lymph nodes. Stim-Tg and neck ultrasound were performed approximately 3  months after surgery and used to guide RAI selection. @entity1 with Stim-Tg  <  1    g/L did not receive RAI, while those with Stim-Tg >5    g/L routinely  did. Those with Stim-Tg 1-5    g/L received RAI on the basis of several clinical risk factors. @entity1 were followed for >6  years with serial neck ultrasound and basal/stimulated thyroglobulin. Among the 129 @entity1 , 84 (65  %) had undetectable Stim-Tg after initial surgery, 40 (31  %) had Stim-Tg of 1-5    g/L, and 5 (4  %) had Stim-Tg >5    g/L.  RAI was administered to 8 (20  %) @entity1 with Stim-Tg 1-5    g/L  and 5 (100  %) with Stim-Tg >5    g/L. Using this approach, RAI therapy was avoided in 17/20 (85  %) @entity1 with @entity5 >4  cm, in 72/81 (89  %) @entity1 older than 45  years, and in 6/9 (67  %) @entity1 with central lymph node involvement. To date, 116 (90  %) @entity1 in this cohort have not received RAI therapy with no evidence of residual/recurrent disease, whereas among the 13 @entity1 who received RAI, 1 (8  %) had pathologic residual/recurrence disease. Using the proposed PRSP, RAI can be avoided in the majority of low/intermediate-risk @entity3557 @entity1 . Moreover, traditional risk factors considered to favor RAI treatment were not always concordant with the PRSP and may lead to overtreatment.

title: Post-operative stimulated thyroglobulin and neck ultrasound as personalized criteria for risk stratification and radioactive XXXX selection in low- and intermediate-risk @entity3557 .

entities_list: @entity3557 :: ('MESH:C536915', 'Disease') :: ['papillary thyroid carcinoma', 'PTC', 'PTC tumors']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

answer: @entity1496 :: (MESH:D007455,Chemical) :: ['iodine']


abstract: The fibrinolytic capacity of blood depends mainly on the amount of @entity3479 ( @entity3479 ) activity and @entity2289 ( @entity2289 ) activity. Previous studies linked high @entity2289 activity or low @entity3479 activity with the development of @entity731 and @entity1031 . Yet, there are conflicting reports in the literature as to whether there is higher @entity2289 activity in @entity1 with @entity583 ( @entity583 ) than in @entity1 with @entity453 ( @entity453 ) without previous @entity583 . In this retrospective study, @entity3479 activity, @entity3479 antigen, and @entity2289 activity before and after a @entity432 test (VOT) of 10 min were assessed in 109 @entity1 with angiographically documented @entity453 , in two subgroups of @entity453 @entity1 with (n = 66) or without (n = 43) previous @entity583 , and in subgroups of @entity453 @entity1 according to their @entity412 levels and other risk factors. The mean values of @entity3479 activity in the whole @entity1 group showed a 100-fold increase and a 3.1-fold increase in @entity3479 antigen after VOT (0.03 +/- 0.03 to 3.0 +/- 6.8 U/ml and 16.5 +/- 6.9 to 51.0 +/- 25.4 ng/ml, p < 0.05). @entity2289 activity was 24.4 +/- 11.0 before and 19.6 +/- 13.2 U/ml after VOT. Within the @entity453 group, no difference was found between @entity1 without @entity583 and survivors of previous @entity583 in @entity2289 activity before VOT (24.6 +/- 10.7 vs. 24.3 +/- 11.3 U/ml) and after VOT (19.0 +/- 12.1 vs 20.0 +/- 14.0 U/ml), or @entity3479 activity before (0.03 +/- 0.01 vs. 0.04 +/- 0.04 U/ml) and after VOT (2.8 +/- 7.0 vs. 3.2 +/- 6.7 U/ml). In 39.4% of @entity453 @entity1 elevated plasma @entity2289 activity before VOT (> 25 U/ml) was found. This subgroup of @entity1 represented the highest @entity2289 activity after VOT (p < 0.05), the lowest @entity3479 activity after VOT (p < 0.001), and the highest @entity412 levels (p < 0.05). In 11% of the @entity1 , a small increase in @entity3479 activity (less than 0.5 U/ml) after VOT was seen. This group showed the lowest @entity3479 antigen after VOT (p < 0.001) and the highest fibrinogen level (p < 0.05). Both subgroups showed the same distribution among @entity1 with and without @entity583 . @entity453 @entity1 with @entity412 levels over 200 mg/dl had the highest @entity2289 activity values before VOT (28.3 +/- 11.8 U/ml; p < 0.01) and after VOT (24.9 +/- 13.2 U/ml; p < 0.01), resulting in low @entity3479 activity after VOT (p < 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: High @entity2289 activity with correlation to @entity412 and HDL cholesterol values in @entity1 with XXXX with no difference in survivors of @entity583 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2289 :: ('5054', 'Gene') :: ['PAI-1', 'PAI', 'plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'MI']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['thromboembolic diseases']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['CAD', 'coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['venous occlusion']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity3479 :: ('5327', 'Gene') :: ['tissue-type plasminogen activator', 't-PA']

answer: @entity453 :: (MESH:D003324,Disease) :: ['coronary artery disease']


abstract: The present study documents the correlation between gait analysis data and clinical measurements and evaluates the combined predictive value of static and dynamic clinical measurements on gait data of @entity1 with @entity306 . Two hundred @entity1 were evaluated using a set of measurements of range of motion (ROM), alignment, @entity508 , strength and selectivity, and by three-dimensional gait analysis. Fair to moderate correlations were found between clinical measurements and gait data, the overall highest correlation being 0.60. Clinical data of strength and selectivity had the highest degree of significant correlations with gait data, compared to the ROM and @entity508 . ROM, @entity508 and strength measurements for the hip in the coronal plane and @entity508 of rectus femoris most frequently showed fair to moderate correlations to gait data. Time and distance and EMG parameters mainly correlated with strength and selectivity parameters. Unexpectedly, alignment parameters only fairly correlated with @entity717 in stance. Multiple regression analysis revealed that adding dynamic clinical measurements ( @entity508 , strength and selectivity) to a static model (ROM) enhanced the link between clinical measurements and gait data. The variance of gait parameters was better explained by a combined model of static and dynamic clinical measurements, compared to a purely static model. However, R(2)-values were low. Gait analysis data cannot be sufficiently predicted by a combination of clinical measurements. The independence of the measurements supports the notion that both, clinical examination and gait analysis data provide important information for delineating the problems of @entity1 with @entity2723 .

title: Do dynamic and static clinical measurements correlate with gait analysis parameters in XXXX with @entity306 ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity508 :: ('MESH:D009128', 'Disease') :: ['spasticity']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['hip rotation']

entities_list: @entity306 :: ('MESH:D002547', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral palsy']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Bariatric surgery usually results in metabolic improvements within a few days from intervention, but the underlying mechanism is not completely understood and may vary depending on the bariatric procedure. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) from gut microbiota have been proposed as a triggering factor for the inflammatory state in @entity28 . Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB) leads to a LPS decrease in the medium-term. OBJECTIVE: To analyze LPS and @entity5752 ( @entity5752 ) in normoglycemic (NG) and @entity6 @entity1 in the short-term after 2 different bariatric surgery procedures. SETTING: University Hospital, Spain. METHODS: Fifty morbidly @entity28 @entity1 underwent bariatric surgery: 24 with sleeve gastrectomy (SG) and 26 with biliopancreatic diversion (BPD). @entity1 were classified according to their glycemic status as NG or @entity5710 / @entity6 . LPS and @entity5752 levels and biochemical and anthropometric variables were determined before and at days 15 and 90 after surgery. RESULTS: A significant LPS reduction was seen only in the @entity5710 / @entity6 @entity1 at 90 days after SG. @entity5752 levels rose at 15 days after BPD but at 90 days returned to baseline in both NG and @entity5710 / @entity6 @entity1 . At 90 days after SG, @entity5752 levels significantly decreased compared to baseline in NG and @entity5710 / @entity6 @entity1 . After multivariate analysis only the change in BMI was independently associated with the change in @entity5752 levels at 90 days. None of the changes in biochemical or anthropometrical variables were significantly associated with the changes in LPS levels at 15 days or 90 days. CONCLUSION: This is the first study showing that the short-term LPS decrease after bariatric surgery depends on the surgical procedure used as well as on the previous glycemic status of the @entity1 , with SG having the greatest short-term effect on LPS and @entity5752 levels. @entity5752 is closely related to anthropometric variables and may be an inflammatory marker in bariatric surgery @entity1 .

title: Lipopolysaccharide and XXXX levels and their relationship to early metabolic improvement after bariatric surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5752 :: ('3929', 'Gene') :: ['LBP', 'LPS-binding protein']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetic morbidly obese']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obese', 'obesity']

entities_list: @entity5710 :: ('MESH:D011236', 'Disease') :: ['prediabetic']

answer: @entity5752 :: (3929,Gene) :: ['lipopolysaccharide-binding protein']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Since 1987 we have run a @entity954 Outpatient Clinic (DSPOC) within the @entity1 's Hospital in Bordeaux. OBJECTIVE: We analyse the consequences of an audit survey concerning the management of @entity1 with @entity7174 ( @entity7174 ) seen at this clinic. METHODS: We reviewed the cases of 192 @entity1 examined and photographed at the DSPOC during the period January 1990-December 1997. @entity1 were contacted for a reassessment of their status. The management options chosen at the DSPOC were reviewed as well as the satisfaction of the @entity1 or parents of young @entity1 . RESULTS: Of 192 @entity1 pre-recruited, 56 @entity1 and 52 @entity1 could be included in the survey. They were mostly European whites and 67% were <6 months of age at the first DSPOC visit. 65/108 (61%) had been operated following the first DSPOC visit. The mean follow-up based on the 1997-1998 survey was 33 months (8 months to 10 years). The size of the nevus, independently of location, influenced decision for early surgery. Another important factor was the estimated disfigurement risk (15% of decisions) mostly related to @entity7174 of the face. There was a significant risk of @entity4557 around the scar in @entity1 operated before the age of 2, but long-term follow-up indicated a spontaneously regressive course. CONCLUSIONS: Nevus recurrence in cases operated early suggests a time-dependent phenomenon in nevogenesis. Early counselling is important. Early surgery seems associated with a better scar quality. Explanations concerning risks and outcome are best given with the cooperation of a surgeon and a dermatologist.

title: Management of XXXX at a dermatologic surgical paediatric outpatient clinic: consequences of an audit survey 1990-1997.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients', 'Children', 'girls', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity4557 :: ('MESH:D012008', 'Disease') :: ['pigmentary recurrence']

entities_list: @entity7174 :: ('MESH:D009506', 'Disease') :: ['congenital nevi', 'CN']

entities_list: @entity954 :: ('MESH:D016063', 'Disease') :: ['Dermatologic Surgical Paediatric']

answer: @entity7174 :: (MESH:D009506,Disease) :: ['congenital nevi']


abstract: We have isolated a gene, GPA1, from @entity1327 by the PCR technique. DNA sequencing of the GPA1 clone suggested that it encodes a protein homologous to the G-protein alpha-subunit family. Comparison of the deduced @entity535 sequence of the GPA1-encoded protein revealed that it is about 45% identical to several @entity1 Gi alpha subunits and 48% identical to the G alpha protein @entity27561 from @entity375 . G alpha proteins are known to be involved in mating of other @entity375 , such as @entity375 and @entity6739 . Southern analysis demonstrated that GPA1 is present in a single copy within the @entity1327 genome. Isolation of the cDNA for GPA1 confirmed that the gene contains six introns within the coding region. The GPA1 transcript was identified by Northern (RNA) analysis as a 1.6-kb RNA present in exponentially growing cells of both the alpha and a mating types. Moreover, the abundance of this transcript increased in cells shifted to starvation medium. Coincubation of alpha and a cells on starvation medium is required for mating of cryptococcal cells. Thus, our results are consistent with the involvement of @entity1327 GPA1 in mating.

title: Cloning of a XXXX gene, GPA1, encoding a G-protein alpha-subunit homolog.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian']

entities_list: @entity6739 :: ('4896', 'Species') :: ['Schizosaccharomyces pombe']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity1327 :: ('5207', 'Species') :: ['Cryptococcus', 'Cryptococcus neoformans', 'C. neoformans']

entities_list: @entity375 :: ('4932', 'Species') :: ['Saccharomyces cerevisiae', 'yeasts', 'S. cerevisiae']

answer: @entity1327 :: (5207,Species) :: ['Cryptococcus neoformans']


abstract: CONTEXT: Growing evidence demonstrates that @entity2742 is associated with an increased risk of @entity65 and mortality. However, little is known about the relation between serum @entity461 levels within the normal range and @entity65 ( @entity65 ). OBJECTIVE: In this study the relationship of serum @entity461 levels within the normal range with @entity65 and @entity730 was investigated. DESIGN: A cross-sectional, population-based study was performed using data of the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam, including 558 @entity1 and 537 @entity1 , aged 65-88 years. Models were controlled for sex, age, body mass index, @entity101 , @entity6 , high-density lipoprotein @entity165 , total @entity165 , smoking, physical activity, @entity167 consumption, glomerular filtration rate, season of blood collection, @entity460 or diuretic use, and serum @entity14257 and osteocalcin levels when these variables were found to be relevant confounders. RESULTS: Multivariate models showed that subjects in the highest quintile of serum @entity461 had a significantly higher risk of @entity65 as compared with subjects in the lowest quintile (odds ratio 2.22, confidence interval 1.39-3.56). The relationship between @entity461 and @entity730 was observed only in @entity1 , which remained significant after adjusting for confounders (odds ratio 4.03, confidence interval 1.50-10.83). CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated that in older @entity1 the presence of serum @entity461 levels within the upper normal range is highly related to @entity65 . In @entity1 , this association may partly be explained by calcifications of the abdominal aorta. Because @entity65 poses an important health risk, further elucidation of the role of serum @entity461 in @entity65 and @entity4288 is relevant.

title: @entity461 : a new target in XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'persons', 'men']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity4288 :: ('MESH:D001161', 'Disease') :: ['arteriosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal aortic calcifications']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['CVD', 'cardiovascular diseases', 'cardiovascular morbidity']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity14257 :: ('MESH:C104450', 'Chemical') :: ['25-hydroxyvitamin D']

entities_list: @entity2742 :: ('MESH:D006961', 'Disease') :: ['hyperparathyroidism']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity4288 :: (MESH:D001161,Disease) :: ['arteriosclerosis']


abstract: The association of @entity715 with antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) in @entity1 with @entity1252 ( @entity1252 ) could be due to their interference with natural phospholipid dependent anticoagulant mechanisms. We studied @entity7131 ( @entity7131 ), functional protein C (FPC), free protein S (FPS), protein S bound to C4 binding protein ( @entity7676 -S), @entity5582 ( @entity5582 ), as well as IgG and IgM anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL) in 38 @entity1 with @entity1252 with a history of @entity715 and 70 @entity1 with @entity1252 without such history. We found a high frequency of deficiencies of natural anticoagulants in both groups of @entity1 with @entity1252 but, because of @entity1 selection, we could not determine the actual prevalence of these defects. @entity1 having had a @entity49 in the previous year had low @entity7676 -S more frequently than @entity1 with older or no @entity715 . When we divided our @entity1 with @entity1252 into those who had a definite, probable, questionable or no @entity1701 ( @entity1701 ) we found the frequency of @entity7676 -S deficiency to be significantly higher in those with definite @entity1701 than in those without @entity1701 . Intermediate proportions were found in @entity1 with probable and questionable @entity1701 . The levels of @entity7676 -S decreased as the levels of aCL, particularly IgG, increased. Stepwise discriminant analysis of natural anticoagulants selected deficiencies of @entity7676 -S and FPC with increased @entity5582 as a set of variables with highest predictive power for classification of @entity1 with and without @entity1701 . Thus, deficiencies of natural anticoagulants may occur frequently in @entity1 with @entity1252 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Natural anticoagulants in @entity1252 . Deficiency of protein S bound to XXXX associates with recent history of venous thromboses, antiphospholipid antibodies, and the @entity1701 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1252 :: ('MESH:D008180', 'Disease') :: ['SLE', 'systemic lupus erythematosus']

entities_list: @entity49 :: ('MESH:D019851', 'Disease') :: ['venous thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity7131 :: ('MESH:D020151', 'Disease') :: ['APC', 'antigenic protein C']

entities_list: @entity1701 :: ('MESH:D016736', 'Disease') :: ['antiphospholipid syndrome', 'aPS']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thromboses', 'thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity5582 :: ('462', 'Gene') :: ['ATIII', 'antithrombin III']

answer: @entity7676 :: (722,Gene) :: ['C4bp']


abstract: @entity3841 is the etiologic agent of localized aggressive @entity2521 , a rapidly progressing @entity66 that occurs in adolescents. A. actinomycetemcomitans can also cause @entity262 , including @entity884 . In early work on A. actinomycetemcomitans workers concluded that this bacterium is not beta-hemolytic. More recent reports have suggested that A. actinomycetemcomitans does have the potential to be beta-hemolytic. While growing A. actinomycetemcomitans on several types of growth media, we noticed a beta-hemolytic reaction on media from one manufacturer. Beta-hemolysis occurred on Columbia agar from Accumedia with either @entity742 or @entity1641 blood, but not on similar media from other manufacturers. A surprising result was that mutants of A. actinomycetemcomitans defective for production of leukotoxin, a toxin that is reportedly highly specific for only @entity1 and primate white blood cells, are not beta-hemolytic. Purified leukotoxin was able to lyse @entity742 and @entity1 erythrocytes in vitro. This work showed that in contrast to the accepted view, A. actinomycetemcomitans leukotoxin can indeed destroy erythrocytes and that the production of this toxin results in beta-hemolytic colonies on solid medium. In light of these results, the diagnostic criteria for clinical identification of A. actinomycetemcomitans and potentially related bacteria should be reevaluated. Furthermore, in studies on A. actinomycetemcomitans leukotoxin workers should now consider this toxin's ability to destroy red blood cells.

title: Leukotoxin confers beta-hemolytic activity to XXXX .

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['oral disease']

entities_list: @entity262 :: ('MESH:D034721', 'Disease') :: ['systemic disease']

entities_list: @entity2521 :: ('MESH:D010518', 'Disease') :: ['periodontitis']

entities_list: @entity3841 :: ('714', 'Species') :: ['Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans']

entities_list: @entity884 :: ('MESH:D004696', 'Disease') :: ['infective endocarditis']

answer: @entity3841 :: (714,Species) :: ['Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans']


abstract: The complement anaphylatoxins @entity2242 and @entity4417 are released at the inflammatory site, where they contribute to the recruitment and activation of leukocytes and the activation of resident cells. The distribution of the receptor for @entity2242 ( @entity2242 ) has been well studied; however, the receptor for @entity4417 ( @entity54597 ) has only recently been cloned, and its distribution is uncharacterized. Using a specific affinity-purified anti- @entity54597 peptide Ab and oligonucleotides for reverse transcriptase-PCR analysis, @entity54597 expression was characterized in vitro on myeloid and nonmyeloid cells and in vivo in the brain. @entity54597 was expressed by adult astrocytes, astrocyte cell lines, monocyte lines @entity1357 and U937, neutrophils, and monocytes, but not by K562 or Ramos. @entity54597 staining was confirmed by flow cytometry, confocal imaging, and electron microscopy analysis. A 65-kDa protein was immunoprecipitated by the anti- @entity54597 from astrocyte and monocyte cell lysates. Our results at the protein level were confirmed at the mRNA level. Using reverse transcriptase-PCR, Southern blot, and sequencing we found that @entity54597 mRNA was expressed by fetal astrocytes, astrocyte cell lines, and @entity1357 , but not by K562 or Ramos. The astrocyte @entity54597 cDNA was identical with the reported @entity54597 cDNA. @entity54597 expression was not detected in normal brain sections. However, a strong @entity54597 staining was evident in areas of @entity32 in @entity15 and @entity4008 . In @entity693 , @entity54597 was abundantly expressed by reactive astrocytes, microglia, and infiltrating cells (macrophages and neutrophils). In @entity15 , infiltrating lymphocytes did not express @entity54597 , but a strong staining was detected on smooth muscle cells (pericytes) surrounding blood vessels.

title: The receptor for complement anaphylatoxin @entity4417 is expressed by myeloid cells and nonmyeloid cells in inflamed human central nervous system: analysis in @entity15 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity4008 :: ('MESH:D016920', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial meningitis']

entities_list: @entity693 :: ('MESH:D008581', 'Disease') :: ['meningitis']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['multiple sclerosis']

answer: @entity4008 :: (MESH:D016920,Disease) :: ['bacterial meningitis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To observe the differences of pathological changes between HBeAg and anti-HBe in chronic @entity1956 . METHODS: Liver biopsy was performed in @entity1 with chronic @entity1956 . The histopathological grading and staging were carried out. Serum markers of @entity99 were tested. RESULTS: (1) The histopathological grading and staging were closely correlated with the appearance of serum HBeAg and anti-HBe. The number of G(3-4) and S(3-4) in anti-HBe cases was significantly higher than that of G(1-2) and S(1-2), respectively. The number of G(1-2) and S(1-2) in HBeAg cases was significantly higher than that of G(3-4) and S(3-4), respectively. Significant differences were found between the group of anti-HBe cases and the group of HBeAg cases (P<0.005). (2) @entity97 DNA was detected in 126 of 151 HBeAg positive @entity1 (83.4%), and the positive rate of @entity97 DNA in anti-HBe positive @entity1 was 29% only. CONCLUSIONS: (1) Severe inflammatory, @entity39 and @entity82 of hepatic tissue are observed in patients with anti-HBe positive chronic @entity1956 . (2) Although @entity97 DNA is positively correlated to HBeAg, @entity97 -DNA can be detected in part of anti-HBe positive @entity1 .

title: [Pathological changes between HBeAg and anti-HBe in @entity1 with chronic XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity1956 :: ('MESH:D006509', 'Disease') :: ['hepatitis B']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['viral hepatitis']

answer: @entity1956 :: (MESH:D006509,Disease) :: ['hepatitis B']


abstract: The protective action of @entity57630 ( @entity2445 ) against acute @entity8161 ( @entity8161 ) intoxication was evaluated in @entity19 by measuring the effects of the pretreatment of the animals with various doses of the drug on the @entity8161 LD50. In the same experiments, the action of @entity2607 and @entity4836 were compared. @entity2445 at the doses 2.5, 5 and 7.5 mg/kg injected subcutaneously 15 min before @entity8161 caused a dose-dependent increase in the @entity8161 LD50, resulting in protection ratios equal to 3, 3.1 and 4.4, respectively, in the absence of @entity3897 and 4.5, 8.6 and 14.5, respectively, in the absence of @entity3897 and 4.5, 8.6 and 14.5, respectively, in the presence of @entity3897 (17.4 mg/kg) therapy. Under the same experimental conditions, the protective ratios of 0.1 mg/kg @entity2607 and @entity4836 were 2.2 and 1.3, respectively, without @entity3897 and 11.0 and 12.2, respectively, with @entity3897 . The effectiveness of @entity2445 antidotal effect was inversely correlated to the time between pretreatment and @entity8161 administration, being maximal when @entity2445 was injected 15 min before @entity4968 . In separate experiments, the time-course of @entity4360 ( @entity4360 ; EC 3.1.1.7) activity recovery was evaluated in the whole brain and diaphragm tissues of @entity19 pretreated with @entity2445 (5 mg/kg) and @entity2607 (0.1 mg/kg) 15 min before @entity4968 with @entity8161 (8 mg/kg). At 10 min after @entity8161 administration residual @entity4360 activity in the brain averaged 4, 25 and 15% of that in controls in the animals pretreated with @entity3897 alone, @entity3897 plus @entity2445 or @entity3897 plus @entity2607 , respectively. At 24 h after @entity4968 , brain @entity4360 activity averaged 34 and 47% of that in controls in the @entity19 protected by @entity2445 and @entity2607 , respectively. As for the diaphragm, @entity4360 activity in @entity2445 -pretreated animals was 29% of controls 10 min after @entity4968 versus 8 and 23% in unprotected and @entity2607 -pretreated animals, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Effectiveness of XXXX ( @entity2445 ) as a pretreatment drug for protection of @entity19 from acute @entity8161 ( @entity8161 ) intoxication.

entities_list: @entity57630 :: ('CHEBI:45980', 'Chemical') :: ['1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-9-aminoacridine']

entities_list: @entity4836 :: ('MESH:D011729', 'Chemical') :: ['pyridostigmine']

entities_list: @entity4968 :: ('MESH:D011041', 'Disease') :: ['poisoning']

entities_list: @entity4360 :: ('11423(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['AChE', 'acetylcholinesterase']

entities_list: @entity3897 :: ('MESH:D001285', 'Chemical') :: ['atropine sulfate', 'atropine']

entities_list: @entity2607 :: ('MESH:D010830', 'Chemical') :: ['physostigmine']

entities_list: @entity8161 :: ('MESH:D007531', 'Chemical') :: ['diisopropylfluorophosphate', 'DFP']

answer: @entity57630 :: (CHEBI:45980,Chemical) :: ['1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-9-aminoacridine']


abstract: Bone cells are subject to interstitial fluid flow (IFF) driven by venous pressure and mechanical loading. Rapid dynamic changes in mechanical loading cause transient gradients in IFF. The effects of pulsatile flow (temporal gradients in fluid shear) on @entity35 UMR106 cells and @entity35 primary osteoblastic cells were studied. Pulsatile flow induced a 95% increase in S-phase UMR106 cells compared with static controls. In contrast, ramped steady flow stimulated only a 3% increase. Similar patterns of S-phase induction were also observed in @entity35 primary osteoblastic cells. Pulsatile flow significantly increased relative UMR106 cell number by 37 and 62% at 1.5 and 24 h, respectively. Pulsatile flow also significantly increased extracellular signal-regulated kinase ( @entity2508 ) phosphorylation by 418%, whereas ramped steady flow reduced @entity2508 activation to 17% of control. Correspondingly, @entity995 protein was significantly phosphorylated by pulsatile fluid flow. Inhibition of mitogen-activated protein (MAP)/ @entity19871 by @entity5732 (a specific @entity19871 inhibitor) reduced shear-induced @entity2508 phosphorylation and cell proliferation. These findings suggest that temporal gradients in fluid shear stress are potent stimuli of bone cell proliferation.

title: Temporal gradients in shear stimulate osteoblastic proliferation via @entity2508 and XXXX protein.

entities_list: @entity995 :: ('MESH:D012175', 'Disease') :: ['retinoblastoma']

answer: @entity995 :: (MESH:D012175,Disease) :: ['retinoblastoma']