abstract: This study concerns 645 @entity1 first treated with surgery for unilateral, non metastatic, invading @entity0 . Intratumoral @entity172 receptor and @entity1420 level were determined in every case. Level greater than 5 fmoles/mg cytosolic protein was considered as positive for both receptors. Univariate analysis has pointed out a significant linkage between overall survival and the following factors: age, clinical size of the @entity5 , histopathological grading SBR, clinical and histological lymph node involvement, capsular tear, RO and @entity6391 status. Statistical significance of menopausal status is borderline. Number of @entity5 foci is not significant. Likewise, disease free survival was correlated to the same factors. Multivariate analysis (Cox), secondarily pointed out that overall survival was strongly related to age, size of the @entity5 , lymph node involvement, capsular tear, histopathological grading SBR, menopausal status and @entity6391 . Multivariate analysis of the disease free survival revealed that it was strongly related to age, @entity5 size, lymph node involvement, capsular tear, grading SBR and @entity6391 . An interaction has been pointed out between Ro and menopausal status: Ro greater than 5 fmoles/mg cytosolic protein carry its own prognostic weight (Cox) and lengthen overall survival only for post menopausal @entity1 . A prognostic score, taking into account all of these factors has been calculated for both overall survival and disease free survival, and enabled us to isolate 4 groups of @entity1 with good, intermediate and bad prognosis. These 2 models have been validated on an independent group of @entity1 according to the sample test procedure. This results indicate that hormonal receptors carry their own prognostic weight in operable @entity0 (only for postmenopausal @entity1 for RO), and should be taken into account when adjuvant therapies are indicated after surgical treatment for @entity0 , in association with other more usual prognostic factors.

title: [Prognostic value of XXXX and @entity1420 receptors in the operable @entity0 : results of a uni- and multifactorial analysis].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone']

answer: @entity172 :: (MESH:D004967,Chemical) :: ['estrogen']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity717 ( @entity717 ), a joint-conserving surgery in which the femoral head coverage by autologous cartilage is improved to achieve joint stability, is one of the most common joint-conserving surgeries for @entity7195 of the hip in adult @entity1 . Favorable outcome of @entity717 for pre- and initial @entity570 has been reported with middle- to long-term observation; however, surgery should be selected for advanced @entity570 . The objective of this study was to investigate the long-term clinical outcomes and radiological @entity625 changes in @entity1 who were treated with @entity717 and could be followed for 15 years or longer, and to investigate the joint conservation rate by preoperative @entity625 stage. @entity1 AND METHODS: The subjects were 156 @entity1 (178 joints) treated with rotational acetabular osteotomy alone between January 1989 and June 2000. Of those, 106 @entity1 (115 joints) were retrospectively investigated. The mean age at the time of surgery was 41.4 years (14-60 years), and the mean duration of follow-up was 20 years and 4 months (15-26 years and 7 months). RESULTS: There were no significant differences in the Harris hip score among the three groups before surgery; however, the score was significantly lower in the advanced than pre/initial @entity570 cases at final follow-up. The joint conservation rate with the end point defined as time of total hip arthroplasty was 70.4% at 20 years after surgery. By stage, joint conservation rates were 88.9, 78.9, and 59.3% in pre-, initial, and advanced @entity570 cases, respectively, demonstrating a significantly lower rate in the advanced @entity570 cases (p   =   0.034). The mean time to conversion was 23, 14.5, and 13.7 years in the pre-, initial, and advanced @entity570 cases, respectively. CONCLUSION: The outcome of rotational acetabular osteotomy in most hips with pre- or initial @entity570 was satisfactory. @entity717 is an effective surgery for treating @entity572 in selected @entity1 .

title: @entity717 for XXXX and osteoarthritis: a mean follow-up of 20  years.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['arthritis']

entities_list: @entity7195 :: ('OMIM:142700', 'Disease') :: ['acetabular dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity572 :: ('MESH:D006617', 'Disease') :: ['symptomatic developmental dysplasia of the hip']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['RAO', 'Rotational acetabular osteotomy']

entities_list: @entity570 :: ('MESH:D015207', 'Disease') :: ['coxarthrosis']

answer: @entity7195 :: (OMIM:142700,Disease) :: ['acetabular dysplasia']


abstract: The SM proteins @entity66808 and @entity66809 are believed to act in membrane fusions in endosomal pathways, but their specific roles are controversial. In @entity238 , @entity66808 is the product of the carnation (car) gene. We generated a null allele of car to test its requirement for trafficking to different organelles. Complete loss of car function is lethal during larval development. Eye-specific loss of Car causes late, light-independent degeneration of photoreceptor cells. Earlier in these cells, two distinct phenotypes were detected. In young adults, autophagosomes amassed indicating that their fusion with lysosomes requires Car. In eye discs, endocytosed receptors and ligands accumulate in @entity20344 -positive prelysosomal compartments. The requirement of Car for late endosome-to-lysosome fusion in imaginal discs is specific as early endosomes are unaffected. Furthermore, lysosomal delivery is not restored by expression of @entity66809 . This specificity reflects the distinct pattern of binding to different Syntaxins in vitro: @entity66809 predominantly binds the early endosomal Avl and Car to @entity66810 . Consistent with a role in Car-mediated fusion, @entity66810 is not restricted to Golgi membranes but also present on lysosomes.

title: The SM protein Car/ XXXX regulates SNARE-mediated trafficking to lysosomes and lysosome-related organelles.

entities_list: @entity238 :: ('7227', 'Species') :: ['Drosophila']

answer: @entity66808 :: (32947(Tax:7227),Gene) :: ['Vps33A']


abstract: AIMS: The aim of this study was to investigate the interactive effect of physical training and chronic @entity1068 ingestion on changes in blood pressure (BP) and aortic reactivity response in @entity35 . METHODS: Male Fisher @entity35 were divided into four groups of seven animals each and treated as follows: (i) control (5% @entity969 , orally) daily for 12 weeks; (ii) @entity1068 (4 g kg(-1), orally) daily for 12 weeks; (iii) exercise training on treadmill followed by @entity969 daily for 12 weeks; (iv) exercise training on treadmill followed by @entity1068 daily for 12 weeks. The body weight and BP were recorded every week. The animals were anaesthetized with pentobarbital after 12 weeks; blood and thoracic aorta were isolated and analysed for @entity1068 and reactivity response using tissue bath technique, respectively. RESULTS: The data show that exercise training significantly lowered the weight gain 6-12 weeks in @entity1068 -treated @entity35 compared to @entity1068 alone or control @entity35 . The systolic and mean BP significantly elevated 6-12 weeks, whereas diastolic BP elevated 8-12 weeks after @entity1068 ingestion. Exercise training lowered the BP close to the normal control values in @entity1068 fed @entity35 . Blood @entity1068 level significantly elevated in @entity1068 group but decreased in exercise plus @entity167 group. Aortic contractile response to @entity2647 in @entity1068 or control groups was attenuated by training with or without intact endothelium. @entity1068 significantly reduced the aortic relaxation response to @entity934 whereas training enhanced the relaxation response with intact endothelium. The relaxation responses to @entity859 and @entity1854 in the aortic ring segments of @entity35 with or without endothelium were decreased in @entity1068 group which were attenuated by exercise training. CONCLUSIONS: Physical training attenuates the chronic @entity1068 -induced @entity101 via @entity353 , clearance of @entity1068 , and augmentation of the aortic endothelial relaxation response in @entity35 .

title: Physical training ameliorates chronic XXXX -induced @entity101 and aortic reactivity in @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity859 :: ('MESH:D000241', 'Chemical') :: ['adenosine']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['reduction of body weight']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity1854 :: ('MESH:D009599', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium nitroprusside']

entities_list: @entity969 :: ('MESH:D013395', 'Chemical') :: ['sucrose']

entities_list: @entity2647 :: ('MESH:D010656', 'Chemical') :: ['phenylephrine']

entities_list: @entity1068 :: ('MESH:D000431', 'Chemical') :: ['Ethanol', 'ethanol']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity167 :: (CHEBI:16236,Chemical) :: ['alcohol']


abstract: Lipotes usually occurs in pairs or in small loose groups. The @entity291 are born in March-April. The Finless porpoises are usually seen in groups of five or six individuals. The blow of Lipotes lasts 0.2-0.6 sec and that of Neophocaena 0.2-0.5 sec. In Lipotes, a short dive would take 10-20 sec and a long dive up to 1-2 min (average value being 31 sec). In Neophocaena a long dive would reach a maximum of 65 sec with an average of 17.5 sec. Lipotes has a @entity735 . The selective secondary atrophy of a @entity735 in the head correspond with the physical conditions of the environments, so that the field of vision is directed forwards and upwards. When pursued by motor boat, both species react with a long dive and a change of direction under water. With the @entity63415 this would occasionally cause @entity130 by the propeller of the ship. Such a case seems much less often with Neophocaena. The population of Lipotes is at present very small. In the stretch of the river (between Nanjing and Taiyangzhou) under exploration, we found scarcely more than one dolphin per 4 km. The cause for its scarcity is mostly due to accidents or wounds caused by propellers.

title: Observations on XXXX ( @entity63415 ) and finless porpoise (Neophocaena asiaeorientalis) in the lower reaches of the Chang Jiang.

entities_list: @entity735 :: ('MESH:D005124', 'Disease') :: ['pair of functional eyes', 'number of eye muscles and nerves and the position of the eyes']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['fatal injuries']

answer: @entity63415 :: (118797,Species) :: ['Baiji']


abstract: AIMS: To evaluate feasibility and effectiveness on short-term blood @entity413 control of using glycaemic load counting (GLC) versus @entity1735 counting (CC) for prandial insulin dosing in @entity1 with @entity1723 ( @entity1723 ). METHODS: Nine @entity1723 @entity1 on insulin pump, aged 26-58  years, HbA1c 7.7      0.8  % (61      8.7  mmol/mol), participated in this real-life setting study. By a crossover design, @entity1 were randomised to calculate their pre-meal insulin dose based on the insulin/glycaemic load ratio (GLC period) or the insulin/ @entity1735 ratio (CC period) for 1  week, shifting to the alternate method for the next week, when @entity1 duplicated their first week food plan. Over either week, a blind subcutaneous continuous @entity413 monitoring was performed, and a 7-day food record was filled in. RESULTS: Total daily insulin doses (45      10 vs. 44      9 I.U.; M      SD, p  =  0.386) and basal infusion (26      7 vs. 26      8 I.U., p  =  0.516) were not different during GLC and CC periods, respectively. However, the range of insulin doses (difference between highest and lowest insulin dose) was wider during GLC, with statistical significance at dinner (8.4      6.2 vs. 6.0      3.9 I.U., p  =  0.041). Blood @entity413 iAUC after lunch was lower, albeit not significantly, during GLC than CC period (0.6      8.6 vs. 3.4      8.2  mmol/l   3  h, p  =  0.059). Postprandial @entity413 variability, evaluated as the maximal amplitude after meal (highest minus lowest @entity413 value), was significantly lower during GLC than CC period at lunch (4.22      0.28 vs. 5.47      0.39  mmol/l, p  =  0.002) and dinner (3.89      0.33 vs. 4.89      0.33, p  =  0.026). CONCLUSIONS: Calculating prandial insulin bolus based on glycaemic load counting is feasible in a real-life setting and may improve postprandial @entity413 control in @entity1 with @entity1723 .

title: Glycaemic load versus @entity1735 counting for insulin bolus calculation in XXXX with @entity1723 on insulin pump.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity1723 :: ('MESH:D003922', 'Disease') :: ['T1D', 'type 1 diabetes']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine the effect of oral @entity5937 supplementation on radiation-induced @entity33 in @entity1 with @entity135 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty @entity1 with @entity135 were randomly assigned to receive either @entity17562 or placebo. @entity5 were localized in the larynx in 14 @entity1 , in the nasopharynx in 4, in the oral cavity in 4, in a salivary gland in 1, in the maxillary sinus in 1, in neck nodes ( @entity706 presenting primarily) in 3 and in neck metastases from an unknown primary in 3. In the placebo group, 3 @entity1 were excluded; 1 @entity1 died during treatment, 1 left the study, and 1 did not come to the 6 week control visit. The @entity1 were treated with telecobalt radiotherapy at conventional fractionation (2 Gy/fraction, five fractions weekly, for 20-35 fractions within 4-7 weeks). The median radiation dose was 6400 cGy (4000-7000 cGy). @entity3136 was assessed by two independent physicians, experts in radiation oncology, using the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group Acute Radiation Morbidity Scoring criteria. RESULTS: In the @entity17562 group, Grade 3-4 @entity33 was not detected in any @entity1 ; Grade 0 @entity33 was detected in 2, and Grade 1 in 8, and Grade 2 in 5 @entity1 . In the placebo group, Grade 2 @entity33 was detected in 4 and Grade 3 in 8 @entity1 . We observed that the degree of @entity33 in the @entity1 in the @entity17562 group was significantly lower than that in the placebo group (p < 0.05). @entity33 developed earlier in the placebo group than in the @entity17562 group after the onset of treatment (p < 0.05) and started to improve sooner in the @entity17562 group than in the placebo group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: @entity17562 is beneficial in decreasing the severity of radiation-induced @entity33 and oral discomfort. These results should be confirmed by additional evaluation in randomized studies with a larger number of @entity1 .

title: XXXX in the prevention of radiation-induced @entity33 : a prospective, placebo-controlled, randomized study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head-and-neck cancer']

entities_list: @entity3136 :: ('MESH:D013280', 'Disease') :: ['Oral mucositis']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Primary tumors']

entities_list: @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['Confluent mucositis', 'oropharyngeal mucositis', 'mucositis']

entities_list: @entity17562 :: ('MESH:D019287', 'Chemical') :: ['zinc sulfate', 'Zinc sulfate']

entities_list: @entity5937 :: ('CHEBI:35176', 'Chemical') :: ['zinc sulphate']

answer: @entity17562 :: (MESH:D019287,Chemical) :: ['Zinc sulfate']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The @entity9604 - @entity13820 translocation characterizes a subset of radiation associated and pediatric @entity3557 ( @entity3557 ). We now describe the clinicopathologic features of @entity9604 - @entity13820 translocated PTC in an adult population without radiation exposure. Twelve cases were identified by next-generation sequencing (ThyroSeq version 2). The mean @entity1 age was 37 years with a female predilection (10:2). Preoperative fine needle aspiration was performed on 6 @entity1 of which 4 were classified as "malignant," whereas 2 were classified as "follicular lesion of undetermined significance." One third (4/12) of @entity1 demonstrated extrathyroidal extension and one half of @entity1 (5/10) demonstrated lymph node @entity3 . One @entity1 presented with brain @entity3 . @entity5 typically (8/12) demonstrated an admixture of follicular and papillary patterns and were usually infiltrative and multinodular ( @entity19 cases). @entity5 often showed clear cell or oncocytic foci and demonstrated overt nuclear features of PTC, though characteristically, interspersed bland areas were common, even in @entity3 . Cytoplasmic vacuolization resembling that of mammary analog secretory @entity189 was also common but focal. @entity10922 was positive and S100 was negative in all tested cases confirming a thyroid phenotype. Unique morphologies included glomeruloid follicles, reverse polarization of nuclei. Survey of the TCGA datasets revealed similar findings. Thus, @entity9604 - @entity13820 translocated PTC are locoregionally aggressive and can @entity3 distantly. They are characterized by mixture of papillary and follicular architecture and may show cytoplasmic vacuolization akin to other @entity9604 translocated @entity189 . Although nuclear features are typically overt, interspersed bland regions may cause diagnostic difficulty in metastatic sites, and may explain discordance on fine needle aspiration.

title: Clinical and Morphologic Features of XXXX - @entity13820 Translocated @entity3557 in an Adult Population Without Radiation Exposure.

entities_list: @entity3557 :: ('MESH:C536915', 'Disease') :: ['papillary thyroid carcinomas', 'PTCs']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Tumors']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomas', 'carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'metastases', 'metastasize']

answer: @entity9604 :: (2120,Gene) :: ['ETV6']


abstract: AIM: To study whether adalimumab (ADA) was associated with improvement in growth, @entity79 ( @entity79 ) and bone metabolism. METHODS: In @entity1 with @entity30 ( @entity30 ) there is a high prevalence of @entity851 and reduced @entity79 . Treatment with infliximab is associated with an improvement in growth. Anthropometry, paediatric @entity30 activity index (PCDAI), bone markers and @entity79 was measured in 18 @entity1 (72% females) one year before and after start of ADA with a median age of 14.4 years (range: 5-19 years) at treatment start. Outcomes were indicators of growth with treatment as well as interval growth. RESULTS: Eleven (61%) @entity1 experienced catch-up growth after ADA. PCDAI significantly decreased from 52.1    16 to 30.4    23 (P  <= 0.001). Post ADA, body mass index (BMI) standard deviation score (SDS) 0.1[range: 2.7-(-0.8)] vs -1 [range: 0.1-(-3.6)], P = 0.04 and    BMI SDS in @entity1 0.3 [range: 0.7-(-0.2)] vs -1.1 [range: 1.2-(-2.3)], P = 0.01 in remission were significantly higher compared to those with moderate to severe @entity32 . The main predictors for growth were @entity14951 and for bone mineralisation weight and height SDS. ADA had no significant influence on bone markers and @entity79 . CONCLUSION: Next to improvement of PCDAI, half of the @entity1 achieved a positive catch-up growth. A better nutritional status with improvement in BMI and weight is positive predictor for improved growth and bone mineralisation.

title: Growth and bone health in paediatric XXXX with @entity30 receiving subcutaneous tumor necrosis factor antibody.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['growth failure']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone mineral density', 'BMD']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ['CD', "Crohn's disease"]

entities_list: @entity14951 :: ('MESH:D002112', 'Chemical') :: ['25-hydroxycholecalciferol']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: The morbidity associated with a diagnostic test can influence its cost-effectiveness, but the quantification of that morbidity is controversial. Accounting for @entity158 and invasiveness requires the measurement of "process utility" in addition to the expected value of testing. An original time trade-off variant was applied to the imaging evaluation of @entity66 , for which differences in morbidity are important to @entity1 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: A "waiting trade-off" (WTO) was used to evaluate the preferences of 89 @entity1 for magnetic resonance (MR) angiography and conventional x-ray angiography. @entity1 were experienced with both tests. A weighted difference was calculated between the period a @entity1 was willing to wait for a test result and treatment after a hypothetical "ideal" test and the choice to undergo conventional angiography or MR angiography with immediate treatment. A rating scale was used to check the convergent validity of the WTO. RESULTS: Paired data showed a highly significant difference (P = .0001) between the mean preference for conventional and MR angiography, favoring the latter and translating into a difference of 5 quality-adjusted life days. The more negatively @entity1 judged their conventional angiographic experience, the longer they were willing to wait for the ideal test result. CONCLUSION: The WTO provides a reasonable estimate of the relative morbidity of more invasive conventional angiographic procedures and provides a quality-adjustment term for economic analysis. Such an approach may enable more complete evaluation of the effects of other processes on medical care.

title: Process utility for imaging in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['cerebrovascular disease']

answer: @entity66 :: (MESH:D004194,Disease) :: ['cerebrovascular disease']


abstract: Decision-making in regard to elective repair of @entity1028 ( @entity1028 ) requires careful assessment of factors that influence rupture risk, operative mortality, and life expectancy. Individualized consideration of these factors in each @entity1 is essential, and the role of @entity1 preference is of increasing importance. It is not possible or appropriate to recommend a single threshold diameter for intervention which can be generalized to all @entity1 . Based upon the best available current evidence, 5.5 cm is the best threshold for repair in an "average" @entity1 . However, subsets of younger, good-risk @entity1 or @entity439 at higher rupture risk may be identified in whom repair at smaller sizes is justified. Conversely, delay in repair until larger diameter may be best for older, higher-risk @entity1 , especially if endovascular repair is not possible. Intervention at diameter <5.5 cm appears indicated in @entity1 with @entity1028 . If a @entity1 has suitable anatomy, endovascular repair may be considered, and it is most advantageous for older, higher-risk @entity1 or @entity1 with a hostile abdomen or other technical factors that may complicate standard open repair. With endovascular repair, perioperative morbidity and recovery time are clearly reduced; however, there is a higher reintervention rate, increased surveillance burden, and a small but ongoing risk of @entity1755 . There is no justification at present for different indications for endovascular repair, such as earlier treatment of smaller @entity1028 . Until long-term outcome of endoluminal repair is better defined and results of randomized trials available, the choice between endovascular and open repair will continue to rely heavily on @entity1 preference.

title: Guidelines for the treatment of XXXX . Report of a subcommittee of the Joint Council of the American Association for Vascular Surgery and Society for Vascular Surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms']

entities_list: @entity1028 :: ('MESH:D017544', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal aortic aneurysms', 'AAA']

entities_list: @entity1755 :: ('MESH:D001019', 'Disease') :: ['AAA rupture']

answer: @entity1028 :: (MESH:D017544,Disease) :: ['abdominal aortic aneurysms']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Ectopic @entity704 is a rare benign @entity5 occurring in the deep soft tissues adjacent to the sternoclavicular joint. Although clinical presentation and diagnostic imaging can be consistent with a malignant lesion such as a @entity242 , recognition of pathologic features can readily exclude such a diagnosis. However, this remains a challenge caused by their unusual histologic features and diverse composition. Recognition of this @entity5 is, however, important, because it follows a benign clinical course, and conservative surgical excision is the therapy of choice. METHODS: A literature review of all reports of @entity704 was undertaken and compared with our indexed case. RESULTS: From this review, we identified 26 previous reports. Most @entity1 were @entity1 , with a 4.5:1 predominance. There was a wide range of ages at presentation, from 26 to 79 years. All @entity5 were located in the lower neck, with the exception of one arising presternally. Treatment predominantly consisted of @entity5 resection, with no reported recurrences on follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that @entity704 is an extremely rare @entity5 usually presenting in the lower neck. Correct identification of this @entity5 is important, because it follows a benign course, and surgical excision is adequate therapy.

title: The sarcomatous guise of cervical XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors', 'neoplasm']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity704 :: ('MESH:D013945', 'Disease') :: ['hamartomatous thymoma', 'ectopic hamartomatous thymoma']

answer: @entity704 :: (MESH:D013945,Disease) :: ['ectopic hamartomatous thymoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6477 in @entity1 is distinct from that occurring in older @entity1 or adults because of differences in mechanism, injury thresholds, and the frequency with which the question of @entity130 is encountered. The purpose of this study is to analyze the clinical characteristics of @entity6477 in infancy, to discover the common patterns of this @entity130 , and to outline the management principles within this group. METHODS: Medical records and films of 21 cases of @entity6477 were reviewed retrospectively. Diagnosis was made by computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. Medical records were reviewed for comparison of age, gender, cause of injury, clinical presentation, surgical management, and outcome. RESULTS: Twenty-one @entity1 (9 @entity1 and 12 @entity1 ) were identified with @entity6477 , with ages ranging from 6 days to 12 months. The most common cause of injury was @entity3702 . The most common clinical presentations were @entity410 , @entity5861 , and consciousness disturbance. Eight @entity1 with large subdural @entity1410 underwent craniotomy and evacuation of the @entity4461 . None of these @entity1 developed @entity6087 . Thirteen @entity1 with @entity3439 were treated conservatively. Among these @entity1 , 11 developed @entity6087 15 to 80 days (mean = 28 days) after the acute subdural @entity1410 . All @entity1 with @entity6087 underwent burr hole and external @entity3439 . At follow-up, 13 (62%) had good recovery, 4 (19%) had moderate disability, 3 (14%) had severe disability, and 1 (5%) died. Based on GCS on admission, one (5%) had mild (GCS 13-15), 12 (57%) had moderate (GCS 9-12), and 8 (38%) had severe (GCS 8 or under) @entity542 . Good recovery was found in 100% (1/1), 75% (8/12), and 50% (4/8) of the @entity1 with mild, moderate, and severe @entity542 , respectively. Sixty-three percent (5/8) of those @entity1 undergoing operation for acute subdural @entity1410 and 62% (8/13) of those @entity1 treated conservatively had good outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Infantile @entity6477 if treated conservatively or neglected, is an important cause of @entity6087 . Early recognition and suitable treatment may improve the outcome of this injury. If treatment is delayed or the condition is undiagnosed, @entity6477 may cause severe morbidity or even fatality.

title: XXXX in infancy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['infants', 'girls', 'children', 'patients', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity3439 :: ('MESH:D006408', 'Disease') :: ['smaller subdural hematomas', 'drainage of the subdural hematoma']

entities_list: @entity3702 :: ('MESH:D038642', 'Disease') :: ['shaken baby syndrome']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['head injury']

entities_list: @entity6087 :: ('MESH:D020200', 'Disease') :: ['infantile chronic subdural hematoma', 'chronic subdural hematoma', 'chronic subdural hematomas']

entities_list: @entity1410 :: ('MESH:D006406', 'Disease') :: ['hematomas']

entities_list: @entity6477 :: ('MESH:D020199', 'Disease') :: ['acute subdural hematoma', 'Acute subdural hematoma', 'infantile acute subdural hematoma']

entities_list: @entity5861 :: ('MESH:D012166', 'Disease') :: ['retinal hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity4461 :: ('MESH:D020141', 'Disease') :: ['blood clot']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['nonaccidental injury', 'trauma']

answer: @entity6477 :: (MESH:D020199,Disease) :: ['Acute subdural hematoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Unresolved pediatric @entity158 , both acute and chronic, has been associated with negative short- and long-term physical and mental health outcomes. This study sought to determine whether an association existed between self-reported @entity158 coping skills and @entity148 levels in a cohort of pediatric burn @entity1 , and whether gender would influence their responses. The sample comprised burn-injured @entity1 in attendance at one of three mature burn camp sites. The self-report measures utilized included the 41-item Screen for @entity1 @entity148 @entity1 Version and the 39-item @entity158 Coping Questionnaire. Parental consent was obtained. A psychologist administered the measures. @entity1 included 187 youth, mean age 12.4    2.4 years, @entity1 (n = 89) @entity1 (n = 98) with 67% reporting visible @entity2318 . Among @entity1 , the use of Internalizing Coping Strategies was moderately correlated with elevated scores on @entity4697 (r = .42, P < .001). Among @entity1 , the use of Internalizing Coping Strategies was associated with elevated Generalized Anxiety (r = .51, P < .001), @entity4697 (r = .46, P < .001), and Total Anxiety Symptom Scores (r = .49, P < .001). Those @entity1 who reported using Behavioral Distraction Strategies did not have any elevated @entity148 scores. These findings suggest that burn-injured @entity1 , who employ Internalization as their @entity158 coping strategy, may be more vulnerable to the development of long-term @entity148 , which, if left untreated may result in a negative psycho/social outcome. Applicability to Practice: Assessment of in- @entity1 pediatric @entity1 with the @entity158 Coping Questionnaire may help to identify @entity1 who are more likely to experience long-term @entity148 . Future studies should seek to confirm these findings and determine whether improved @entity158 management and early treatment of @entity148 can help to diminish the long-term implications of unhelpful @entity158 strategies and increased @entity148 in burn-injured @entity1 .

title: The Reported XXXX Coping Strategies of Pediatric Burn Survivors-Does a Correlation Exist Between Coping Style and Development of @entity148 ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Child', 'children', 'patients', 'patient', 'Participants', 'girls', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity4697 :: ('MESH:D016584', 'Disease') :: ['Panic Disorder symptoms', 'Panic Disorder']

entities_list: @entity2318 :: ('MESH:D002921', 'Disease') :: ['burn scars']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['Anxiety Related Disorders', 'anxiety', 'anxiety disorder']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['Pain']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 84 Background: The Woodlands @entity8462 opened the Ambulatory Treatment Center in September 2010. The center houses 14 infusion units. Within 1 year, the demand for its infusion therapy services had more than doubled with continued rapid growth expected. The perception was that more @entity1 could not be accommodated without additional space and staff. Therefore, a performance improvement team was formed in August 2011 with the goal to increase operational efficiency to satisfy @entity1 demand, while maintaining the highest level of quality care. The increased access for @entity1 allows for treatment to start sooner. METHODS: The six sigma Define-Measure-Analyze-Improve-Control methodology was used to manage the project, and several lean and six sigma tools were utilized. The project commenced with a project charter with a measureable AIM statement to increase infusion volumes from 1.7 to 2.4 @entity1 /unit per 9 hour day. Historical data was extracted, and all @entity1 ' movements were timed for 3 weeks. Benchmarking, observations, and process mapping were also performed. Baseline performance was measured using SPC charts. Sources of variation were uncovered using statistical quality tools, brainstorming techniques, and cause/effect analysis. Key interventions consisted of standardized scheduling practices, development of a scheduling template, creation of a fast track room, new processes for overbooks and preschedules, and work balancing of nursing staff using an acuity rating system. In addition, staff workload was redistributed, and the lab was reorganized. RESULTS: Within 3 months, the center met targeted capacity and provided regional care access to 41% more @entity1 without additional staff, space, or working hours. By March 2012, the center accommodated 67% more @entity1 (2.9/unit or 40/day) without adversely affecting @entity1 wait time. Infusion room utilization increased by 15%. CONCLUSIONS: Although space constrained, The Woodlands @entity8462 was presented with the challenge to provide @entity1 ' open access to infusion therapy services. The team successfully applied lean and six sigma principles to evaluate the current state, perform a gap analysis, and deploy interventions to support quality and operate more efficiently.

title: Improving infusion therapy efficiency at the Woodlands XXXX ( @entity8462 ).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

answer: @entity8462 :: (MESH:D008224,Disease) :: ['Regional Care Center']


abstract: @entity56 , such as @entity2023 , caused by an @entity9416 ( @entity9416 )-mediated reaction to specific allergens are a common chronic condition worldwide. @entity15787 ( @entity15787 ), a type I cytokine that is produced by T cells, exerts regulatory effects on a variety of immune cells. In our previous study, we found that serum levels of @entity15787 were significantly decreased in @entity1 with severe @entity483 , suggesting that @entity15787 might play a role in @entity56 . In this study, we investigated the role of @entity15787 / @entity32077 ( @entity32077 ) in @entity1 with @entity2023 . Our results demonstrated that there was no difference in @entity15787 serum levels between @entity2023 @entity1 and controls. However, @entity56 @entity1 had significantly increased expression of @entity32077 on naive and memory B cells. @entity32077 was upregulated through stimulation by the combination of @entity11603 ( @entity11603 ) and @entity3646 . @entity15787 alone neither induced nor inhibited @entity9416 secretion from @entity11603 -stimulated B cells. However, @entity15787 inhibited @entity9416 secretion of B cells that were induced by the combination of @entity11603 and @entity3646 in @entity56 @entity1 . Moreover, a negative correlation between the expression of @entity32077 and serum levels of @entity9416 was found in @entity1 with @entity566 . These results suggest that the role of @entity15787 in an ongoing @entity56 is to downregulate the @entity9416 level by binding to @entity32077 on B cells, which increases the expression in @entity56 @entity1 .

title: Upregulated @entity32077 on B Cells Associated with the Downregulation of XXXX in @entity1 with @entity2023 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity483 :: ('MESH:D003876', 'Disease') :: ['atopic dermatitis']

entities_list: @entity2023 :: ('MESH:D006255', 'Disease') :: ['allergic rhinitis']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic reaction', 'allergic reactions', 'allergic', 'Allergic diseases']

entities_list: @entity9416 :: ('3497', 'Gene') :: ['immunoglobulin E', 'IgE']

answer: @entity9416 :: (3497,Gene) :: ['IgE']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of @entity1030 in middle aged and older adults. METHODOLOGY: A random sample of 7,005 adults aged between 45 and 69 years was drawn from electoral rolls for Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. A postal survey was conducted using the European Community Respiratory Health Survey respiratory screening questionnaire with additional questions on chronic @entity3617 and @entity2415 . @entity1 were asked to return the survey by reply mail. Non-responders were sent a reminder postcard after 2 weeks, a replacement questionnaire after 4 weeks and then contacted by telephone. RESULTS: Completed questionnaires were returned by 4,906 (70.0%) @entity1 . The commonest symptoms were exertional dyspnoea (27.2%) and wheezing (20.5%). @entity3311 was reported by 12.0% and @entity2415 by 1.2%. Males were significantly more likely to report cough and sputum, while females were more likely to report @entity565 . The prevalence of exertional dyspnoea, cough and sputum, @entity2415 and @entity299 increased with age. @entity3311 , @entity2415 and most respiratory symptoms were associated with smoking. CONCLUSIONS: Self-reported chronic @entity3617 or @entity2415 affect one in eight middle aged and older adults. Differences between @entity1 and @entity1 are partly explained by differences in smoking. These findings require confirmation with lung function tests.

title: Prevalence of respiratory symptoms related to XXXX and @entity565 among middle aged and older adults.

entities_list: @entity3617 :: ('MESH:D001991', 'Disease') :: ['bronchitis']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'Participants', 'men']

entities_list: @entity3311 :: ('MESH:D029481', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic bronchitis']

entities_list: @entity2415 :: ('MESH:D004646', 'Disease') :: ['emphysema']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart disease']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease']

answer: @entity1030 :: (MESH:D029424,Disease) :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease']


abstract: @entity66 contributes to @entity528 in @entity2806 -reperfusion. Tissue levels of the endogenous antioxidant @entity2041 ( @entity6172 ) are depleted during @entity63 -reperfusion, but it is unknown whether this depletion is a cause or an effect of oxidative stress, and whether it occurs in neurons or other cell types. We used immunohistochemical methods to evaluate @entity2041 , @entity224 , and oxidative stress in @entity19 hippocampal neurons after transient @entity63 . @entity6172 levels in @entity4778 pyramidal neurons were normally high relative to surrounding neuropil, and exhibited a time-dependent decrease during the first few hours of reperfusion. Colabeling for @entity224 in the neurons showed a concurrent increase in detectable @entity224 over this interval. To identify cause-effect relationships between these changes, we independently manipulated @entity224 production and @entity6172 metabolism during reperfusion. @entity19 in which @entity1110 oxidase activity was blocked to prevent @entity224 production showed preservation of neuronal @entity6172 content, thus demonstrating that neuronal @entity6172 depletion is result of oxidative stress. Conversely, @entity19 in which neuronal @entity6172 levels were maintained by @entity898 treatment during reperfusion showed less neuronal @entity224 signal, oxidative stress, and @entity528 . At 3 d following @entity63 , @entity6172 content in reactive astrocytes and microglia was increased in the hippocampal @entity4778 relative to surviving neurons. Results of these studies demonstrate that neuronal @entity6172 depletion is both a result and a cause of neuronal oxidative stress after @entity63 -reperfusion, and that postischemic restoration of neuronal @entity6172 levels can be neuroprotective.

title: Assessment at the single-cell level identifies neuronal @entity2041 depletion as both a cause and effect of XXXX -reperfusion oxidative stress.

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['Oxidative stress']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['brain ischemia']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['forebrain ischemia', 'ischemia']

entities_list: @entity2041 :: ('MESH:D005978', 'Chemical') :: ['glutathione']

entities_list: @entity898 :: ('MESH:D000111', 'Chemical') :: ['N-acetyl cysteine']

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['neuronal death']

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['ischemia']


abstract: Background. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are currently the most effective agents for acid-related disorders. However, studies show that 25-75% of @entity1 receiving intravenous PPIs had no appropriate justification, indicating high rates of inappropriate prescribing. Objective. To examine the appropriate use of intravenous PPIs in accordance with guidelines and the efficacy of a prescribing awareness intervention at an Asian teaching institution. Setting. Prospective audit in a tertiary hospital in Malaysia. Method. Every 4th intravenous PPI prescription received in the pharmacy was screened against hospital guidelines. Interventions for incorrect indication/dose/duration were performed. @entity1 ' demographic data, medical history and the use of intravenous PPI were collected. Included were all adult inpatients prescribed intravenous PPI. Main Outcome Measure. Proportion of appropriate IV PPI prescriptions. Results. Data for 106 @entity1 were collected. Most @entity1 were male [65(61.3%)], Chinese [50(47.2%)], with mean age    SD = 60.3    18.0 years. Most intravenous PPI prescriptions were initiated by junior doctors from the surgical [47(44.3%)] and medical [42(39.6%)] departments. Only 50/106(47.2%) @entity1 had upper @entity344 /surgery performed to verify the source of @entity548 . Unexplained @entity490 [81(76.4%)] was the main driver for prescribing intravenous PPIs empirically, out of which 73(68.9%) were for suspected @entity360 . Overall, intravenous PPI was found to be inappropriately prescribed in 56(52.8%) @entity1 for indication, dose or duration. Interventions on the use of intravenous PPI were most effective when performed by senior doctors (100%), followed by clinical pharmacists (50%), and inpatient pharmacists (37.5%, p = 0.027). Conclusion. Inappropriate intravenous PPI usage is still prevalent despite the enforcement of hospital guidelines. The promotion of prescribing awareness and evidence-based prescribing through education of medical staff could result in more judicious use of intravenous PPI and dose-optimization.

title: Unexplained XXXX as a driver for inappropriate therapeutics: an audit on the use of intravenous proton pump inhibitors.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal endoscopy']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['upper gastrointestinal bleed']

answer: @entity490 :: (MESH:D015746,Disease) :: ['abdominal pain']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Few studies have investigated symptom relief in @entity293 . This innovative exploratory trial aimed to measure the time to improvement of the signs and symptoms of uncomplicated @entity293 ( @entity293 ) in @entity1 receiving extended-release @entity2177 . Time to return to normal daily activities was also evaluated. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: An open-label, multicenter US study in adult female outpatients with uncomplicated @entity293 . @entity1 completed serial questionnaires: the Urinary tract infection Symptom Assessment [USA], tracking time to symptom improvement, and the Activity Impairment Assessment [AIA], measuring the time to return to normal daily activities, using hand-held electronic diaries. Severity on the USA questionnaire was categorized using a 4-point Likert-type scale, with improvement defined as a reduction of at least one degree of symptom severity. All @entity1 received once-daily extended-release @entity2177 500 mg tablets for 3 days. RESULTS: Of 276 female @entity1 aged 18-78 years who enrolled at 28 sites, 273 (99%) were safety-valid, 264 (96%) completed at least 24 h of questionnaires and were valid for symptom relief analysis, and 170 (62%) had pre-therapy pathogen(s) > or = 10(3) CFU/mL and were valid for efficacy analysis. Six hours after the first dose of study drug, 50% of @entity1 reported symptom improvement; 87% by 24 h and 91% by 48 h. At study entry, 54% of @entity1 reported considerably decreased time at work or other activities; reduced to 23% by Day 2 and 10% by Day 3. At the test-of-cure visit (5-11 days post-therapy), 96% (163/170) of @entity1 were clinical cures. Drug-related adverse events were reported by 18 (7%) @entity1 and were consistent with previous extended-release @entity2177 studies (e.g., @entity344 , fungal superinfections). There were no serious adverse events or discontinuations due to adverse events. CONCLUSION: This open-label, non-comparative trial in adult @entity1 demonstrated a rapid improvement in uncomplicated @entity293 symptom severity (6-24 h) and the ability to return to work within 24 h following extended-release @entity2177 treatment. Clinical cure rate and tolerability profile were similar to results of previous extended-release @entity2177 studies.

title: Time to symptom relief for uncomplicated XXXX treated with extended-release @entity2177 : a prospective, open-label, uncontrolled primary care study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal disturbance']

entities_list: @entity2177 :: ('MESH:D002939', 'Chemical') :: ['ciprofloxacin']

entities_list: @entity293 :: ('MESH:D014552', 'Disease') :: ['urinary tract infection', 'urinary tract infections', 'UTI']

answer: @entity293 :: (MESH:D014552,Disease) :: ['urinary tract infection']


abstract: @entity733 is a rare clinical entity but may be underreported. A retrospective study at Srinagarind Hospital revealed 60 cases of @entity733 between 1992 and 2001. The causative organisms were identified in 41 cases (68.3%). Gram negative bacilli were commonly isolated and @entity6943 was the most predominant. @entity6 and @entity1778 were common underlying diseases found in 46.3 per cent and 9.7 per cent of culture confirmed cases, respectively. The @entity1 usually presented with @entity221 , @entity158 , @entity925 and @entity381 . @entity867 were more commonly found in the @entity6942 than in the non- @entity6942 group (p = 0.032), but a single abscess was more commonly found in the non- @entity6942 than in the @entity6942 group (p = 0.032). Concurrent @entity5572 , often multiple, were not different in both groups. Antimicrobials alone were given in 66.7 per cent of cases with @entity6942 and 64.7 per cent of non- @entity6942 group. Splenectomy and percutaneous aspiration were performed only in 29.3 per cent and 4.9 per cent of cases with @entity733 . The overall mortality rate of @entity733 was only 4.9 per cent in the present series. In conclusion, @entity733 is not uncommon. @entity6943 pseudomalleli is the most common causative agent found in the present series. Therefore, it should be targeted in the initial empirical antibiotic therapy before the culture results are available especially when multiple lesions in the spleen and concurrent multiple @entity5572 are seen. Prolonged treatment with appropriate antimicrobials alone is usually effective. Splenectomy and/or aspiration may be useful in selected @entity1 .

title: XXXX : clinical features, microbiologic finding, treatment and outcome.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5572 :: ('MESH:D008100', 'Disease') :: ['liver abscesses']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity6943 :: ('28450', 'Species') :: ['Burkholderia pseudomallei', 'Burkholderia']

entities_list: @entity6942 :: ('MESH:D008554', 'Disease') :: ['melioidosis']

entities_list: @entity733 :: ('MESH:D000038', 'Disease') :: ['splenic abscess', 'Splenic abscess']

entities_list: @entity381 :: ('MESH:D013163', 'Disease') :: ['splenomegaly']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['left upper quadrant pain']

entities_list: @entity925 :: ('MESH:D063806', 'Disease') :: ['tenderness']

entities_list: @entity867 :: ('MESH:D001922', 'Disease') :: ['Multiple abscesses']

answer: @entity733 :: (MESH:D000038,Disease) :: ['Splenic abscess']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The differential clinical and epidemiological characteristics of @entity4806 @entity1 (< 14 years) with @entity1902 caused by rotavirus or adenovirus were studied. MATERIAL AND @entity1 : A retrospective study was performed in @entity1 with @entity1800 diagnosed from January 1990 to December 1992. The detection of viral particles was carried out by the agglutination system with latex particles sensitized with antibodies versus rotavirus and adenovirus. Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of the @entity1 were collected reviewing the medical records and emergency charts. RESULTS: Two hundred eighty-nine @entity1 corresponding to 240 cases of @entity281 by rotavirus (83.1%) and 48 (16.9%) by adenovirus, were analyzed. @entity294 by rotavirus predominated in the winter months (59.7% of the cases from December to March). Nonetheless, those caused by adenovirus were seen throughout the year with a stable incidence being observed. Statistically significant differences were seen in both groups (p < 0.001) with @entity6425 having a greater tendency to admission and greater incidence of @entity391 , fever (> 39 degrees C) and underlying disease. The presence of @entity491 was different in the adenovirus group as were the greater length of duration of @entity294 prior to attending the Emergency Department (5.2 days) and the total length of stay (11.2 days). No other associated enteropathogenic organisms were detected in 86.3% of the infections by rotavirus and in the 89.8% of those caused by adenovirus. In regard to age group distribution prevalence of @entity294 by rotavirus was observed during the first 3 months of life (76.6%) while adenovirus group it went up to 24 months of age with similar percentages. CONCLUSIONS: @entity294 by rotavirus is mainly presented in the winter, with @entity391 and its shorter in length and the symptoms less prolonged than @entity294 caused by adenovirus. Rotavirus @entity294 generally affect @entity1 admitted with some underlying disease. Nonetheless, microbiologic diagnosis is required to establish the definitive etiology of both clinical processes.

title: [Differential clinical characteristics among @entity4806 XXXX with @entity1902 caused by rotavirus and adenovirus].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea', 'Diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity4806 :: ('MESH:D063766', 'Disease') :: ['pediatric']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity1902 :: ('MESH:D005759', 'Disease') :: ['gastroenteritis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity1800 :: ('MESH:D014777', 'Disease') :: ['viral gastroenteritis']

entities_list: @entity6425 :: ('MESH:D012400', 'Disease') :: ['rotavirus infection']

entities_list: @entity491 :: ('MESH:D007964', 'Disease') :: ['leukocytosis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: @entity283 ( @entity283 ) offers the potential to improve care for @entity1 living with @entity645 . Provider satisfaction with @entity283 is essential to realize benefits, yet its evaluation presents challenges. An @entity645 -specific, electronic clinical management and reporting system was implemented in Louisiana's eight @entity645 clinics, serving over 7500. A serial cross-sectional survey was administered at three points between April 2002 and July 2005; qualitative methods were used to augment quantitative. Multivariable methods were used to characterize provider satisfaction. The majority of the sample (n = 196; T1 = 105; T2 = 46; T3 = 45) was female (80.0%), between ages of 25 and 50 years (68.3%), frequent providers at that clinic (53.7% more than 4 days per week), and had been at the same clinic for a year or more (85.0%). Improvements in satisfaction were observed in @entity1 tracking ( p < 0.05), distribution of educational materials ( p < 0.04), and belief that electronic systems improve care ( p < 0.05). Provider self-reports of time to complete critical functions decreased for all tasks, two significantly so. Time (in minutes) to find current @entity404 count decreased at each time point (mean 3.9 [standard deviation {SD} 5.8], 2.9 [2.3], 2.1 [2.6], p>0.05), current viral load decreased at each time point (mean 4.0 [SD 5.6], 2.9 [2.5], 1.8 [2.6], p = 0.08], current antiretroviral status decreased at each time point (mean 3.9 [SD 4.7], 2.9 [3.7], 1.5 [1.1], p < 0.04), history of antiretroviral use decreased at each time point (mean 15.1 [SD 21.9], 6.0 [5.4], 5.4 [7.2], p < 0.04]. Time savings were realized, averaging 16.1 minutes per visit ( p < 0.04). Providers were satisfied with @entity283 in multiple domains, and significant time savings were realized.

title: Evaluating health information technology: provider satisfaction with an XXXX -specific, electronic clinical management and reporting system.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity283 :: ('OMIM:603663', 'Disease') :: ['HIT', 'Health information technology']

answer: @entity645 :: (57667,Species) :: ['HIV']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: PurposeOcular @entity3614 in the military setting are particularly associated with significant maxillofacial @entity130 and/or @entity1545 . The opportunity to perform a comprehensive ophthalmic evaluation is frequently limited in the acute multiple @entity130 scenario. We aim to describe the relationship between the clinical effects of acute ocular and orbital blast @entity130 with the findings on computerised tomography (CT).MethodsThis was a retrospective consecutive case series of all soldiers with facial and/or suspected @entity4858 . A total of 80 eyes that had suffered @entity3614 of varying severity were studied. Assessment of orbital and ocular CT images were performed by military consultant radiologists. A comparison was made with actual clinical findings. Statistical analysis was performed using Fisher's exact test.ResultsNo pathological findings were described in 37 of the 80 eyes imaged by orbital and ocular CT scans. Clinically, these eyes and orbits were all found to be intact, or had minor @entity130 . All foreign bodies and penetrating @entity4858 were successfully diagnosed by CT. Absence of an @entity8924 did not rule out a @entity130 . However, a @entity2687 was less likely when an @entity8924 was @entity735 is a delicate structure prone to injury that requires urgent repair if breached. It is difficult to assess thoroughly in the unconscious or distressed @entity1 . In this context, CT imaging is invaluable to be able to make a relatively confident prediction of clinical findings and decide upon the necessity for acute ophthalmic surgical intervention.Eye advance online publication, 27 March 2015; doi:10.1038/eye.2015.39.

title: The role of computerised tomography in predicting visual outcome in ocular trauma XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1545 :: ('MESH:D020214', 'Disease') :: ['brain injury']

entities_list: @entity3614 :: ('MESH:D001753', 'Disease') :: ['blast injuries']

entities_list: @entity4858 :: ('MESH:D005131', 'Disease') :: ['eye injuries', 'ocular injuries']

entities_list: @entity735 :: ('MESH:D005124', 'Disease') :: ['absent.ConclusionThe eye']

entities_list: @entity2687 :: ('MESH:D003316', 'Disease') :: ['corneal or scleral defect']

entities_list: @entity8924 :: ('MESH:D009917', 'Disease') :: ['orbital fracture']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['globe injury', 'trauma']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: In the past, six histological grading systems for classical @entity511 have been published. Due to the inhomogeneity and complexity of these classifications, the comparison of clinical data, survival rates and local failures has to be considered critically. In 1996, the author published a grading system that was simple to use and easily reproduced. This system was based on a few nuclear features. The main intention of the current study was to verify whether the histological grade, which was defined by the author's classification, correlates with the recurrence rate. In a retrospective study, clinical data, X-rays and histological material from 35 @entity1 with classical @entity511 and 16 @entity1 with @entity83 were analysed. Statistical analysis was done using the chi-squared test and the Fisher exact test. Local recurrence occurred in 25.7% of all @entity1 . The difference in recurrence rate among grades 1-3 was statistically significant ( P=0.002). The frequency of grades 1-3 varied up to 54%, when published grading systems were compared. No significant difference between the histological grade and features such as double nuclei and mitosis were observed. The frequency of cellularity, double nuclei and mitoses was similar between @entity83 and @entity258 . Of @entity511 @entity1 , 90.6% of total @entity1 and 87.5% of those with grade-1 lesions reported @entity158 , whereas only 43.8% of the @entity83 @entity1 did. Even in @entity1 with grade-1 @entity511 , radiological findings were much more @entity146 in comparison with @entity83 . The histological grade, defined on the basis of the author's simple and reproducible grading system, indicates the risk of local recurrence, especially in cases that are inadequately treated. Grade-3 @entity511 and lesions located in regions where the @entity5 would be difficult have to be given special attention.

title: A reproducible and simple grading system for classical XXXX . Analysis of 35 @entity511 and 16 @entity83 with emphasis on recurrence rate and radiological and clinical data.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity511 :: ('MESH:D002813', 'Disease') :: ['chondrosarcoma', 'chondrosarcomas']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive']

entities_list: @entity83 :: ('MESH:D002812', 'Disease') :: ['enchondroma', 'enchondromas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['removal of the tumour']

entities_list: @entity258 :: ('MESH:D009800', 'Disease') :: ['low-grade chondrosarcomas']

answer: @entity511 :: (MESH:D002813,Disease) :: ['chondrosarcomas']


abstract: AIM: To validate the value of @entity5906 @entity1423 ( @entity1423 ) in assessment of liver @entity82 and prediction of postoperative prognosis of @entity2876 ( @entity2876 ) @entity1 from Mainland China. METHODS: Medical records of 153 @entity2876 @entity1 who were hospitalized from January 2010 to June 2013 were reviewed. The efficacy of @entity1423 for diagnosis of liver @entity82 was assessed using the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve compared to the pathological Metavir @entity82 score of the liver wedge specimens of 91 @entity2876 @entity1 . The prognostic value of preoperative @entity1423 for @entity1087 persistence, @entity99 , and occurrence of @entity255 within 6 mo after KP was studied based on the follow-up data of 48 @entity2876 @entity1 . RESULTS: @entity1423 was significantly correlated with Metavir scores (rs = 0.433; P < 0.05). The mean @entity1423 value was 0.76 in no/mild @entity82 group (Metavir score F0-F1), 1.29 in significant @entity82 group (F2-F3), and 2.51 in @entity82 group (F4) (P < 0.001). The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of @entity1423 for diagnosing significant @entity82 and @entity82 was 0.75 (P < 0.001) and 0.81 (P = 0.001), respectively. The @entity1423 cut-off of 0.95 was 60.6% sensitive and 76.0% specific for significant @entity82 diagnosis, and a threshold of 1.66 was 70.6% sensitive and 82.7% specific for @entity82 . The preoperative @entity1423 in @entity1 who maintained @entity1087 around 6 mo after KP was higher than that in those who did not (1.86    2.13 vs 0.87    0.48, P < 0.05). The AUC of @entity1423 for prediction of @entity282 occurrence was 0.67. A cut-off value of 0.60 showed a sensitivity of 66.7% and a specificity of 83.3% for the prediction of @entity1087 persistence. Preoperative @entity1423 had no significant association with later @entity99 or occurrence of @entity255 . CONCLUSION: Our study demonstrated that @entity1423 could diagnose significant liver @entity82 , especially @entity82 in @entity2876 @entity1 , and the elevated preoperative @entity1423 predicts @entity1087 persistence after KP.

title: Validation of XXXX aminotransferase to platelet ratio for diagnosis of liver @entity82 and prediction of postoperative prognosis in @entity1 with @entity2876 .

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis', 'cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity1423 :: ('MESH:D001791', 'Disease') :: ['aminotransferase to platelet ratio index', 'APRI']

entities_list: @entity2876 :: ('MESH:D001656', 'Disease') :: ['BA', 'biliary atresia']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['liver injury']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative jaundice']

entities_list: @entity255 :: ('MESH:D002761', 'Disease') :: ['cholangitis']

answer: @entity5906 :: (D001224,Chemical) :: ['aspartate']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To develop and test a scale for parent and @entity1 , evaluating theoretical and clinical parameters relevant to @entity1 with @entity2464 . Encopretic @entity1 were hypothesized to have more bowel-specific, but not more generic, psychological problems, as compared with nonsymptomatic control @entity1 . In addition, mothers were also believed to be more discerning than @entity1 . METHODS: The Virginia Encopresis-Constipation Apperception Test (VECAT) consists of 9 pairs of bowel-specific and 9 parallel generic drawings. Respondents selected the picture in each pair that best described them/their @entity1 . It was administered to encopretic @entity1 (N = 87), nonsymptomatic siblings (N = 27), and nonsymptomatic nonsiblings (N = 35). The mothers of all the @entity1 also completed the VECAT. Encopretic @entity1 were retested 6 and 12 months posttreatment with Enhanced Toilet Training. RESULTS: The VECAT demonstrated good test-retest reliability and internal consistency. Encopretic @entity1 and their mothers reported more bowel-specific, but not more generic, problems. Bowel-specific scores improved significantly posttreatment only for those @entity1 who demonstrated significant symptom improvement. Mothers were significantly more discerning than @entity1 . CONCLUSION: The VECAT is a reliable, valid, discriminating, and sensitive test. Bowel-specific problems appear to best differentiate @entity1 with and without @entity2464 .

title: Assessment of behavioral mechanisms maintaining XXXX : Virginia Encopresis-Constipation Apperception Test.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'children', 'patients', 'child']

entities_list: @entity2464 :: ('MESH:D004688', 'Disease') :: ['encopresis']

answer: @entity2464 :: (MESH:D004688,Disease) :: ['encopresis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Polysomnographic (PSG) measures consistently reflect poor sleep quality and effective treatment in insomniac @entity1 . METHODS: The PSG findings of 47 @entity1 (18 M and 29 F, 42.5+/-10 years) meeting the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of @entity146 , Fourth Edition criteria for a diagnosis of @entity22 were compared with those of 25 age- and gender-balanced healthy subjects (controls) without @entity25 . After one adaptation night to the sleep lab, each @entity1 underwent two randomized double-blind PSG recordings. Twenty-four @entity1 followed a placebo-drug sequence and 23 a drug-placebo succession. Active treatment consisted of widely used hypnotic drugs, i.e. @entity2492 , @entity5756 , @entity9038 , @entity11465 . Conventional PSG measures, electroencephalogram (EEG) arousals and @entity9527 variables (including phase A subtypes) were quantified and statistically analyzed. RESULTS: Compared to controls, insomniac @entity1 under placebo showed a significant increase of @entity9527 rate, subtypes A1 and A2, EEG arousals, nocturnal wakefulness and stage 1, associated with reduced values of total sleep time and slow wave sleep (stages 3 and 4). In insomniac @entity1 , sleep quality was significantly improved by hypnotic treatment. Compared to placebo, active medication significantly reduced @entity9527 rate, subtypes A1 and A2, but had only marginal effects on subtypes A3 and on EEG arousals. Under hypnotic treatment total sleep time, nocturnal awakenings, stage 1 and slow wave sleep recuperated normal values. The most significant correlation between sleep quality and PSG variables was found for @entity9527 rate (P<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: PSG investigation extended to @entity9527 variables and EEG arousals can be an important procedure for the diagnosis of @entity22 and evaluation of treatment efficacy.

title: XXXX variables and arousals as sleep electroencephalogram markers for @entity22 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5756 :: ('MESH:D014229', 'Chemical') :: ['triazolam']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['Mental Disorders']

entities_list: @entity9038 :: ('MESH:C515050', 'Chemical') :: ['zopiclone']

entities_list: @entity11465 :: ('MESH:C020960', 'Chemical') :: ['brotizolam']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['sleep complaints']

entities_list: @entity2492 :: ('MESH:C049109', 'Chemical') :: ['zolpidem']

entities_list: @entity22 :: ('MESH:D007319', 'Disease') :: ['primary insomnia']

answer: @entity9527 :: (OMIM:115650,Disease) :: ['CAP']


abstract: The antigenic components of @entity23699 young adult @entity2531 ( @entity2531 ) were revealed by @entity214 - @entity2975 gel electrophoresis ( @entity214 -PAGE) and immunoblotting. The sera tested were from @entity1 with @entity3853 , other @entity4801 , and healthy adults. Both the sera and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were tested from @entity1 with clinical @entity3853 . The CSF from @entity1 with other @entity16 were also included. Using @entity214 -PAGE, we found that the @entity2531 comprised more than 30 polypeptides. Immunoblot analysis revealed at least 12 or 13 antigenic bands in @entity1 with proven or clinical @entity3853 , respectively. The patterns of reactivity recognized by the serum and CSF antibodies against @entity2531 were similar. These antigenic components had molecular masses ranging from less than 14.4 to more than 94 kDa. The prominent antigenic band of 29-kDa might serve as a reliable marker for the diagnosis of @entity3853 . The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of immunoblot analysis in this antigenic band were 55.6%, 99.4%, 83.3% and 97.4%, respectively.

title: Immunoblot evaluation of the specificity of the 29-kDa antigen from young adult female worms XXXX for immunodiagnosis of @entity1 @entity3853 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3853 :: ('MESH:C536369', 'Disease') :: ['proven angiostrongyliasis', 'angiostrongyliasis']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological diseases']

entities_list: @entity23699 :: ('6313', 'Species') :: ['Angiostrongylus cantonensis']

entities_list: @entity2975 :: ('CHEBI:51135', 'Chemical') :: ['polyacrylamide']

entities_list: @entity2531 :: ('MESH:D013001', 'Disease') :: ['female worm somatic extract', 'FSE']

entities_list: @entity4801 :: ('MESH:D010272', 'Disease') :: ['parasitic diseases']

entities_list: @entity214 :: ('CHEBI:8984', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium dodecyl sulphate', 'SDS']

answer: @entity23699 :: (6313,Species) :: ['Angiostrongylus cantonensis']


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine the predictive value of @entity1735 antigen (CA) 19-9 in @entity788 treated with radiochemotherapy. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Ninety-five @entity1 with locally advanced unresectable @entity420 were treated with hyperfractionated accelerated radiotherapy to a total dose of 44.8 Gy combined with @entity1487 and @entity4181 . CA 19-9 was measured before therapy, each week during therapy, and every 4 weeks during the follow-up period. RESULTS: The median CA 19-9 before treatment was 420 U/mL; in the responder group it was 117 U/mL, and in the nonresponder group it was 806 U/mL. @entity1 with a pretreatment CA 19-9 less than the median had not only a significantly better @entity5 response (45.8%) but also a better survival prognosis (median survival 12.3 months) than those with a level higher than the median ( @entity5 response 12.8%; median survival 7.1 months). The posttreatment median CA 19-9 for all @entity1 also exhibited prognostic significance. The median survival of @entity1 with a CA 19-9 level lower than the posttreatment median of 293 U/mL was 13.5 months, compared with 7.2 months for those with a CA 19-9 level greater than the median. To detect recurrent disease during follow-up, the sensitivity of CA 19-9 was 100% and the specificity 88%. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that CA 19-9 is of predictive value for prognosis, response, and detecting recurrence of @entity788 in @entity1 undergoing combined radiochemotherapy. Therefore, we recommend the routine implementation of CA 19-9 observation during the clinical course of treatment for @entity1 with @entity788 undergoing radiochemotherapy.

title: Predictive value of XXXX antigen 19-9 in @entity788 treated with radiochemotherapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4181 :: ('MESH:D002955', 'Chemical') :: ['folinic acid']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma of the pancreas']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['5-fluorouracil']

answer: @entity1735 :: (CHEBI:16646,Chemical) :: ['carbohydrate']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Approximately one-third of @entity1 with @entity161 are treatment-resistant and some do not achieve remission with @entity1088 , the gold-standard antipsychotic medication for treatment-resistant @entity161 . This study compared global and regional brain volumes between treatment-respondent and treatment-resistant @entity1 with @entity161 , including a group of @entity1 who were @entity1088 -resistant. METHODS: T1-weighted brain MRIs were obtained on a 3T scanner in 20 controls and 52 @entity1 with @entity161 who were selected based on their symptomatic responses to antipsychotic medication: 18 responded well to first-line atypical antipsychotics (FLR), 19 were treatment-resistant but responsive to @entity1088 monotherapy (TR), and 15 were ultra-treatment-resistant and did not respond to @entity1088 (UTR). Treatment groups were matched for disease duration and current psychopathology. SIENAX and FSL-VBM were used to investigate differences in the global brain, @entity62 ( @entity62 ), white matter, ventricular cerebrospinal fluid volumes, and regional @entity62 volumes. RESULTS: @entity62 volume was significantly reduced in the TR and UTR groups compared with controls and the FLR group (p < 0.05). @entity62 volume was significantly reduced in TR @entity1 compared with FLRs in the superior, middle, and inferior temporal gyri, pre- and post-central gyri, middle and superior frontal gyri, right supramarginal gyrus, and right lateral occipital cortex. UTR @entity1 showed reduced @entity62 compared with FLRs in their right parietal operculum and left cerebellum. No significant volume differences were observed between TR and UTR groups. CONCLUSIONS: These differences are unlikely to be solely due to medication effects, and reduced @entity62 volume in treatment-resistant @entity161 may represent an accelerated disease course or a different underlying pathology.

title: Extensive Gray Matter Volume Reduction in Treatment-Resistant XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity1088 :: ('MESH:D003024', 'Chemical') :: ['clozapine']

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['gray matter', 'GM']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

answer: @entity161 :: (MESH:D012559,Disease) :: ['Schizophrenia']


abstract: PURPOSE: The aim of the present study was to potentiate the antitumor effectiveness of photodynamic therapy ( @entity4906 ). A cDNA microarray analysis was used to evaluate the gene expression pattern after @entity17654 -mediated @entity4906 to find more effective combination treatment with @entity4906 and inhibitor(s) of the identified gene product(s) overexpressed in @entity5 cells. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Atlas @entity19 Stress Array was used to compare the expression profile of control and @entity4906 -treated C-26 cells. The microarray results have been confirmed using Western blotting. Cytostatic/cytotoxic in vitro assay as well as in @entity5 models were used to investigate the antitumor effectiveness of @entity4906 in combination with cyclooxygenase (COX) 2 inhibitors. RESULTS: @entity4906 induced the expression of 5 of 140 stress-related genes. One of these genes encodes for @entity10178 , an enzyme important in the @entity5 progression. Inhibition of @entity10178 in vitro with @entity8228 , @entity13586 , or @entity9695 , or before @entity4906 with @entity9695 did not influence the therapeutic efficacy of the treatment. Administration of a selective @entity10178 inhibitor after @entity4906 produced potentiated antitumor effects leading to complete responses in the majority of treated animals. CONCLUSIONS: @entity10178 inhibitors do not sensitize @entity5 cells to @entity4906 -mediated killing. However, these drugs can be used to potentiate the antitumor effectiveness of this treatment regimen when administered after @entity5 illumination.

title: Inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 indirectly potentiates antitumor effects of photodynamic therapy in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity17654 :: ('MESH:D017323', 'Chemical') :: ['Photofrin']

entities_list: @entity13586 :: ('MESH:C116926', 'Chemical') :: ['rofecoxib']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'vivo tumor']

entities_list: @entity9695 :: ('MESH:C012655', 'Chemical') :: ['nimesulide']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: In this study, we used preparations highly enriched in @entity1 natural killer (NK) cells to further characterize the mechanism of target-cell-induced NK inactivation. Highly enriched populations of NK cells were obtained by a newly developed, single-step @entity742 red blood cell rosette assay. This method, which did not require any incubation steps to facilitate cell contact, permitted a rapid and efficient isolation of NK cells from adherent-cell-depleted peripheral blood lymphocytes. The non-rosetted cells had high NK activity, possessed large granular lymphocyte (LGL) morphology and expressed the NK-associated antigens Leu-11a, @entity4755 , OKM1 and NKH-1. In contrast, the rosetted cells had significantly lower NK activity, possessed typical lymphocyte morphology and expressed the T-cell-associated marker OKT3. Next, we examined the ability of these NK-enriched effector cells (ECc) to become inactivated by K562. Functional studies revealed that ECc lost greater than or equal to 95% of their lytic capacity following incubation with K562 at a ratio of 2/1 for 6 h. However, to achieve this level of inactivation, it was essential that the cell suspension be gently mixed every 90-120 min. Inactivation was not due to cell death and did not reflect changes in the percentages of cells bearing the Leu-11a, @entity4755 , OKM1 and NKH-1 antigens, but was associated with an increase in cell surface concentration of OKM1. As judged by gross morphology, the percentages of LGL in ECc before and after treatment with K562 were essentially the same. Finally, K562-treated ECc also lost their ability to mediate @entity137 ( @entity137 ), suggesting that both NK-cell-mediated @entity137 and @entity137 may involve a common lytic pathway.

title: Mechanism of K562-induced XXXX natural killer cell inactivation using highly enriched effector cells isolated via a new single-step @entity742 erythrocyte rosette assay.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['ADCC', 'antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity', 'cytotoxicity']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: Relationships of @entity74 and milk production performance of Danish dairy farms were investigated. A stochastic frontier production function was estimated using data collected in 1998 from 514 Danish dairy farms. Measures of farm-level milk production efficiency relative to this production frontier were obtained, and relationships between milk production efficiency and the incidence risk of @entity74 were examined. There were moderate positive relationships between milk production efficiency and retained placenta, induction of estrus, uterine infections, @entity42 , and induction of birth. Inclusion of reproductive management variables showed that these moderate relationships disappeared, but directions of coefficients for almost all those variables remained the same. @entity1266 showed a weak negative correlation with milk production efficiency. Farms that were mainly managed by young farmers had the highest average efficiency scores. The estimated milk losses due to inefficiency averaged 1142, 488, and 256 kg of energy-corrected milk per @entity291 , respectively, for low-, medium-, and high-efficiency herds. It is concluded that the availability of younger @entity291 , which enabled farmers to replace @entity291 with @entity74 , contributed to high @entity291 productivity in efficient farms. Thus, a high replacement rate more than compensates for the possible negative @entity74 . The use of frontier production and efficiency/inefficiency functions to analyze herd data may enable dairy advisors to identify inefficient herds and to simulate the effect of alternative management procedures on the individual herd's efficiency.

title: Relationships of XXXX in Danish milk production: a stochastic frontier analysis.

entities_list: @entity42 :: ('MESH:D010048', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cysts']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['effect of reproductive disorders', 'reproductive disorders', 'various reproductive disorders']

answer: @entity74 :: (MESH:D030342,Disease) :: ['efficiency to reproductive disorders']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Midgut @entity3313 is a complication of @entity29 . In contrast, primary @entity29 is a distinctly different and rare entity characterized by torsion of the entire small bowel with normal mesenteric fixation. OBJECTIVE: To present the clinical and imaging findings in four @entity1 with @entity1744 and normal bowel fixation in order to improve awareness of this entity among clinicians and radiologists and to discuss the potential etiologies of this entity to distinguish it from other causes of @entity29 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective review of imaging studies (two ultrasounds and four upper gastrointestinal series) in four @entity1 (three full-term and one premature) from three institutions with surgically proven @entity3313 of the entire small bowel and normal bowel fixation were reviewed by three board-certified pediatric radiologists and correlated with clinical and surgical reports when available. RESULTS: The @entity1 presented during the first week to 6 months of life and were acutely ill. The upper gastrointestinal series showed complete @entity9727 with beaking in one and partial @entity9727 in three. All studies were interpreted as highly suspicious for @entity1518 and midgut @entity3313 . Emergent laparotomy demonstrated @entity1744 with normal mesenteric fixation in all @entity1 . The base of the small bowel mesentery was described by the operating surgeon as smaller than normal in one @entity1 (case 3). There was no mesenteric defect or other abnormality predisposing to @entity3313 in the other three. In both @entity1 who had abdominal US, a retroperitoneal position of the third portion of the duodenum was demonstrated. All @entity1 survived. One @entity1 required resection of the @entity39 small bowel and currently has @entity851 , one has @entity8884 and two were lost to follow-up. CONCLUSION: @entity1744 with normal fixation is indistinguishable from @entity1518 with midgut @entity3313 in the acutely ill @entity1 or @entity1 . Radiographic diagnosis can be difficult in @entity1 with @entity1744 without @entity1518 . In these @entity1 , neither an upper gastrointestinal series demonstrating a normal position of the duodenojejunal junction nor the sonographic demonstration of a retromesenteric third portion of the duodenum excludes the diagnosis. In young @entity1 , the clinical and imaging findings may mimic @entity3166 . Sonography may be useful to evaluate the bowel for signs of bowel wall compromise or a whirlpool sign.

title: XXXX of the entire small bowel with normal bowel fixation simulating @entity1518 and midgut @entity3313 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['child', 'infant', 'patients', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['short gut syndrome']

entities_list: @entity3166 :: ('MESH:D020345', 'Disease') :: ['necrotizing enterocolitis']

entities_list: @entity8884 :: ('MESH:D008286', 'Disease') :: ['malabsorption']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrotic']

entities_list: @entity9727 :: ('MESH:D004380', 'Disease') :: ['duodenal obstruction']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['volvulus of the small bowel', 'malrotation of bowel and mesenteric malfixation', 'small bowel volvulus']

entities_list: @entity1518 :: ('MESH:C562835', 'Disease') :: ['malrotation']

entities_list: @entity1744 :: ('MESH:D043183', 'Disease') :: ['intermittent or incomplete small bowel volvulus', 'primary small bowel volvulus', 'Primary small bowel volvulus']

answer: @entity3313 :: (MESH:D045822,Disease) :: ['Volvulus']


abstract: Sequencing a 8,519-bp segment of the @entity10782 genome revealed the existence of a tightly packed bipolar @entity7391 gene cluster encoding the enzymes of de novo UMP synthesis. The G+C content of 35.3% is comparable to that of the entire genome, but intergenic regions exhibit a considerably lower percentage of strong base pairs. Coding regions harbor the classical excess of purines on the coding strand, whereas intergenic regions do not show this bias. Reverse transcription-PCR and primer extension experiments demonstrated the existence of two polycistronic messengers, pyrEF-orf8 and pyrBI-orf1-pyrCD-orf2-orf3-orf4, initiated from a pair of divergent and partially overlapping promoters. The gene order and the grouping in two wings of a @entity162 constitute a novel organization of pyr genes that also occurs in the recently determined genome sequences of @entity37319 and @entity59815 ; the configuration appears therefore characteristic of @entity59815 . The quasi-leaderless pyrE and pyrB genes do not bear a Shine-Dalgarno sequence, whereas the initiation codon of promoter-distal genes is preceded at an appropriate distance by a sequence complementary to the 3' end of 16S rRNA. The polycistronic nature of the pyr messengers and the existence of numerous overlaps between contiguous open reading frames suggests the existence of translational coupling. pyrB transcription was shown to be approximately twofold repressed in the presence of @entity5537 . The mechanism underlying this modulation is as yet unknown, but it appears to be of a type different from the various attenuation-like mechanisms that regulate pyrB transcription in bacteria. In contrast, the pyrE-pyrB promoter/control region harbors direct repeats and imperfect palindromes reminiscent of target sites for the binding of a hypothetical regulatory protein(s).

title: Genes of de novo @entity7391 biosynthesis from the hyperthermoacidophilic crenarchaeote XXXX : novel organization in a @entity162 .

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['bipolar operon']

entities_list: @entity37319 :: ('273057', 'Species') :: ['Sulfolobus solfataricus P2']

entities_list: @entity59815 :: ('273063', 'Species') :: ['Sulfolobus', 'Sulfolobus tokodaii strain 7']

entities_list: @entity10782 :: ('2285', 'Species') :: ['Sulfolobus acidocaldarius']

entities_list: @entity7391 :: ('MESH:C030986', 'Chemical') :: ['pyrimidine']

answer: @entity10782 :: (2285,Species) :: ['Sulfolobus acidocaldarius']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: In contrast to what is observed in the general population, a low body mass index (BMI) has been associated with accelerated mortality in @entity1 with @entity309 ( @entity309 ). The aim of this study was to assess whether @entity353 might explain these seemingly paradoxical observations. METHODS: Our study included @entity1 identified from the Veterans Affairs (VA) @entity309 Registry. Dates of @entity204 were abstracted from VA electronic medical records. The BMI at each study visit and the change from the previous visit were determined. The maximum BMI of each @entity1 was also obtained from medical records. The annualized rate of BMI loss was determined from the slope of change (per year) in BMI over visits within the preceding 13 months. Cox multivariable proportional hazards models were used to assess associations between BMI measures and mortality. RESULTS: In a sample of 1,674 @entity1 , 312 @entity204 occurred over 9,183 @entity1 -years. A loss in BMI of >= 1 kg/m(2) was associated with a greater risk of @entity204 , after adjustment for demographics, comorbidities, BMI, smoking, and @entity309 therapies (hazard ratio [HR] 1.99, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.53-2.59, P   <   0.001). This association remained significant in a subsample analysis adjusting for @entity1851 and physical function (HR 1.81, 95% CI 1.36-2.41, P   <   0.001). Weight loss at an annualized rate of >= 3 kg/m(2) was associated with the greatest risk of @entity204 (HR 2.49, 95% CI 1.73-3.57, P   <   0.001). Low BMI (<20 kg/m(2) ) in @entity1 with a history of @entity28 (>30 kg/m(2) ) was associated with the greatest risk (HR 8.52, 95% CI 4.10-17.71, P   <   0.001). CONCLUSION: Weight loss is a strong predictor of @entity204 in @entity1 with @entity309 . These observations may explain the observed @entity28 paradox and do not support a biologically protective role of @entity28 .

title: Weight Loss, the Obesity Paradox, and the Risk of Death in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'person']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['death', 'deaths']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

answer: @entity309 :: (MESH:D001172,Disease) :: ['Rheumatoid Arthritis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity158 is associated with shorter survival in @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ). @entity2 cells express opioid receptors. Opioids promote angiogenesis, @entity5 growth, and @entity3 , and shorten survival in animal models. METHODS: We examined retrospectively if long-term opioid requirement, independently of @entity1118 , is associated with reduced survival in 209 @entity1 with stage IIIB/IV @entity1149 . Opioid doses were converted to average oral @entity1286 equivalents (OME). @entity1 were stratified by proportion of time they reported severe @entity158 , and required <5 or >= 5 mg day(-1) OME. Effects of @entity158 , opioid requirement, and known prognostic variables on overall survival were analysed. RESULTS: Severe @entity158 before chemotherapy initiation was associated with shorter survival (hazards ratio 1.39, 95% confidence interval, 1.02-1.87, P=0.035). The magnitude of @entity158 and opioid requirement during first 90 days of chemotherapy were predictive of shorter survival: @entity1 with no/mild @entity158 and requiring <5 mg day(-1) OME had 12 months longer median survival compared with those requiring more opioids, experiencing more @entity158 , or both (18 compared with 4.2-7.7 months, P <=0.002). Survival differences (16 compared with 5.5-7.8 months, P<0.001) were similar when @entity1118 and opioid requirement were assessed until death or last follow-up. In multivariable models, opioid requirement and @entity1118 remained independent predictors of survival, after adjustment for age, stage, and performance status. CONCLUSIONS: The severity of chronic @entity5 or greater opioid requirement is associated with shorter survival in advanced @entity1149 , independently of known prognostic factors. While @entity158 adversely influences prognosis, controlling it with opioids does not improve survival. Prospective studies should determine if @entity158 control using equi-analgesic opioid-sparing approaches can improve outcomes.

title: Association of opioid requirement and XXXX with survival in advanced @entity1149 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer-related pain', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['Lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer pain']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Angiogenesis has been identified as a crucial process in the development and @entity5 . There are many regulators of angiogenesis which are not yet fully understood. @entity1853 aminiopeptidase is a metalloenzyme with two structurally distinct forms in @entity1 , Type-1 ( @entity36230 ) and Type-2 ( @entity36231 ). It has been shown that small molecule inhibitors of @entity36231 suppress endothelial cell proliferation. The initial discovery by Donald Ingber of @entity36231 inhibition as a potential target in angiogenesis began with a fortuitous observation similar to the discovery of @entity114 activity by Sir Alexander Fleming. From a drug design perspective, @entity36231 is an attractive target. @entity19525 and @entity36232 , known natural products, bind with IC50 values in the low nanomolar concentrations. Crystal structures of the bound complexes provide 3-dimensional coordinates for advanced computational studies. More recent discoveries have shown other biological activities for @entity36231 inhibition, which has generated new interests in the design of novel inhibitors. Semi-synthetic @entity19525 derivatives such as @entity10822 ( @entity10822 ) have been shown to have better drug properties, but have not been very successful in clinical trials. The rationale and development of novel multicyclic analogs of @entity19525 are reviewed.

title: XXXX AminoPeptidase Type-2 inhibitors targeting angiogenesis.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['spread of cancers']

entities_list: @entity114 :: ('MESH:D010406', 'Chemical') :: ['penicillin']

entities_list: @entity1853 :: ('MESH:D008715', 'Chemical') :: ['Methionine']

entities_list: @entity19525 :: ('MESH:C026211', 'Chemical') :: ['fumagillin', 'Fumagillin']

answer: @entity1853 :: (MESH:D008715,Chemical) :: ['Methionine']


abstract: @entity114 has been the mainstay of treatment for @entity7135 . Isolates of @entity3631 that are less susceptible to @entity114 have been reported in several countries and in recent years have become more common. The clinical significance of this reduced susceptibility has not been investigated on a large scale. Hence, @entity3631 isolates from culture-confirmed cases of @entity7135 in England and Wales, between 1993 and 2000, were routinely serogrouped, serotyped and tested for susceptibility to @entity114 . These data were linked to death registrations and analysed retrospectively. The changing trends in susceptibility were described and multivariate logistic regression was used to examine associations between strain characteristics and fatal outcome. The frequency of @entity3631 isolates less susceptible to @entity114 increased from < 6% in 1993 to > 18% in 2000. In particular, isolates expressing serogroup C with serotype 2b and serogroup W135 had a higher frequency of reduced @entity114 susceptibility (49% and 55%, respectively). There was no evidence of an association between fatal outcome and @entity281 with a less @entity114 -susceptible isolate. Fatal outcome was associated with serogroup and serotype, with the odds of death for cases infected with C:2a and B:2a strains three-fold higher when compared with the baseline. For this large dataset the serogroup and serotype of the infecting strain influenced mortality from @entity7135 and may be markers for hypervirulence. No association was found between reduced @entity114 susceptibility and fatal outcome, but the increasing frequency of isolates less susceptible to @entity114 highlights the need for continued surveillance.

title: Fatal outcome from XXXX --an association with meningococcal phenotype but not with reduced susceptibility to benzylpenicillin.

entities_list: @entity114 :: ('MESH:D010406', 'Chemical') :: ['Penicillin', 'penicillin']

entities_list: @entity3631 :: ('487', 'Species') :: ['Neisseria meningitidis', 'N. meningitidis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity7135 :: ('MESH:D008589', 'Disease') :: ['meningococcal disease']

answer: @entity7135 :: (MESH:D008589,Disease) :: ['meningococcal disease']


abstract: @entity1317 associated with non-penetrating cervical @entity130 is rare. We report 11 cases of @entity1317 diagnosed with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) after blunt @entity130 to the cervical spine and discuss about the importance of MRI in the diagnosis of this injury. Seven cases were caused by motor vehicle accidents, three by diving accidents, and one by static compression of the neck. All of the @entity1 had documented cervical spine @entity174 and @entity3029 . In three @entity1 , the diagnosis of complete occlusion of the vertebral artery was made on the basis of MRI and digital subtraction angiography (DSA). In the other @entity1 , mural injuries of the vertebral artery were demonstrated with DSA. These 11 @entity1 presented with acute, nonspecific changes in neurological status. Two had @entity1188 of the cerebellum and brainstem. None were treated with anticoagulants. All of them survived and were discharged to other hospitals for physical and occupational therapy. Although DSA remains the gold standard for diagnosing vertebral @entity1317 , MRI is a newer modality for assessing cervical @entity1566 , and it may be useful for evaluating the presence of @entity130 after blunt cervical spine @entity130 .

title: Significance of magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of @entity1317 associated with blunt cervical spine XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarctions']

entities_list: @entity1566 :: ('MESH:D013119', 'Disease') :: ['cord injury']

entities_list: @entity1317 :: ('MESH:D057772', 'Disease') :: ['vertebral artery injury', 'Vertebral artery injury', 'artery injuries']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['vertebral injury', 'trauma']

entities_list: @entity3029 :: ('MESH:D004204', 'Disease') :: ['dislocations']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['trauma']