abstract: STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective case series. PURPOSE: The objectives of this study were to determine and discuss the surgical planning of @entity1 who underwent operations following diagnoses of thoracal and lumbar @entity808 . We also aimed to discuss the application of unilateral hemilaminectomy for the microsurgery of @entity808 . OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE: @entity808 are located in different regions and sites. These differences require several surgical approaches. Unilateral laminectomy without stabilization of the spine provides a more minimally invasive @entity5 . METHODS: In this retrospective study, 15 @entity1 with @entity808 were evaluated with regards to age, sex, onset history, neurological findings, @entity5 locations, McCormick scale, surgical procedure, and operational results. The lateral approach provides exposure of intradural structures and posterior paraspinal regions. Extensions of @entity5 cause problem for the surgeon in terms of approach, resectability of the @entity5 , and stability of the spine. Gross total resection was achieved in all cases, and none of the @entity1 necessary required a fusion procedure. RESULTS: Five @entity1 were males and 10 were females. The age interval was 29-65 years. The @entity5 was located in the lumbar region in 9 @entity1 , in the thoracic region in 2 @entity1 , and in the thoracolumbar junction in 4 @entity1 . The intradural lesions were removed by laminectomy and the extradural lesions were resected with hemilaminectomy. The paramedian route was used to explore the extraspinal part of the @entity5 . Costotransversectomy was for the thoracic region. Subtotal resection was performed in 1 @entity1 . @entity1 symptoms recovered gradually in the postoperative period. CONCLUSIONS: Resection of @entity808 is challenging and usually requires a different approach. We describe the complete resection of complex dumbbell or paraspinal @entity808 of the thoracic and lumbar spine by unilateral hemilaminectomy.

title: Management of Thoracal and Lumbar XXXX Using a Unilateral Approach without Instability: An Analysis of 15 Cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'removal of the tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity808 :: ('MESH:D009442', 'Disease') :: ['spinal schwannomas', 'giant schwannomas', 'Schwannomas', 'schwannomas']

answer: @entity808 :: (MESH:D009442,Disease) :: ['Schwannomas']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Scrub typhus is a re-emerging infection in @entity3595 Lanka. It often poses a diagnostic challenge and tends to present as a @entity221 of uncertain origin. Undiagnosed illness may progress to serious @entity149 . Here we report a case of @entity9556 presenting with features of @entity304 . CASE PRESENTATION: A 62-year-old previously healthy @entity3595 Lankan native male from the Western province of @entity3595 Lanka presented with high fever with malaise, @entity925 and @entity4841 for 17  days. On the 5th day of illness he developed intermittent resting @entity400 in his right arm and leg associated with stiffness, difficulty in carrying out normal work and difficulty in smiling. He denied similar previous episodes. There were no other associated neurological manifestations. Clinical examination revealed a high amplitude low frequency resting @entity400 in his right hand, a  mask-like face and increased muscle tone limited to the right side with normal reflexes. The rest of the system examination was normal except for an eschar over the abdomen. His investigations revealed @entity491 , high erythrocyte sedimentation rate and immunofluorescence assay-IgM and IgG against Orientia tsutsugamushi Karp antigen were positive with rising titers. With oral @entity3403 and @entity4580 his fever settled within 48  h and a complete recovery of @entity191 was observed within 2  weeks. CONCLUSION: Doctors practicing in endemic regions should be familiar with delayed clinical manifestations of @entity9556 and should carefully look for an eschar in order to avoid delay in the diagnosis.

title: Scrub typhus mimicking XXXX .

entities_list: @entity9556 :: ('MESH:D012612', 'Disease') :: ['scrub typhus']

entities_list: @entity304 :: ('MESH:D010302', 'Disease') :: ['Parkinsonism']

entities_list: @entity3403 :: ('MESH:D004318', 'Chemical') :: ['doxycycline']

entities_list: @entity149 :: ('MESH:D002493', 'Disease') :: ['multi-systemic complications']

entities_list: @entity4580 :: ('MESH:D017963', 'Chemical') :: ['azithromycin']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's features"]

entities_list: @entity4841 :: ('MESH:D018771', 'Disease') :: ['arthralgia']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['febrile illness']

entities_list: @entity491 :: ('MESH:D007964', 'Disease') :: ['lymphocytic leukocytosis']

answer: @entity191 :: (MESH:D010300,Disease) :: ['Parkinson's disease']


abstract: AIMS: To provide comprehensive data on the diagnosis and treatment of @entity788 ( @entity788 ) @entity1 in China. DESIGN: A systematic review. METHODS: All clinical studies concerning @entity788 from China published between January 2006 and June 2014 were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 26 original articles involving 706 @entity788 @entity1 were included with an estimated proportion of type 2 @entity788 as 4.7%. In the 706 @entity788 @entity1 , the range of mean/median age was 48.6-67.0 years old and the male to female ratio was 4.47:1. The common presentations included @entity3883 (pooled rate: 63.4%, 95%CI: 55.4%-71.0%) and abdominal symptoms (pooled rate: 62.3%, 95%CI: 52.4%-71.7%). Biliary involvement was the most common extrapancreatic manifestations, especially the lower part of the common bile duct (pooled rate: 62.3%, 95%CI: 49.9%-73.9%). According to the imaging examinations, 53.8% and 41.6% @entity1 were classified into focal-type and diffuse-type, respectively. Notably, upstream @entity384 was found in parts of @entity1 (pooled rate: 13.8%, 95%CI: 6.6%-23.1%). The levels of serum IgG4 were elevated in most @entity1 (pooled rate: 86.0%, 95%CI: 74.2%-94.6%). Nearly three tenths @entity788 @entity1 received surgery (pooled rate: 29.7%, 95%CI: 18.1%-42.8%) due to mimicked @entity5 . @entity479 treatment was given to 78.4% @entity1 (95%CI: 65.3%-89.1%) with a pooled remission rate of 96.2% (95%CI: 94.0%-97.9%). The pooled relapse rate was 13.8% (95%CI: 7.2%-22.0%) with the mean follow-up time ranging from 12 to 45 months. CONCLUSION: Type 1 is the predominant type of Chinese @entity788 @entity1 and the clinical features, diagnostic modalities and therapeutic regimen were similar with those in other countries. Knowledge of @entity788 should be more widespread to avoid unnecessary surgery.

title: Diagnosis and Treatment of XXXX in China: A Systematic Review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3883 :: ('MESH:D041781', 'Disease') :: ['obstructive jaundice']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune pancreatitis', 'AIP']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic duct dilatation']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['Autoimmune Pancreatitis']


abstract: Purpose. To report clinical and in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) findings of two @entity1 with @entity9359 secondary due to @entity9360 . Materials and Methods. Complete ophthalmologic examinations, including IVCM (HRT II/Rostock Cornea Module, Heidelberg, Germany), anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) (Topcon 3D spectral-domain OCT 2000, Topcon Medical Systems, Paramus, NJ, USA), corneal topography (Pentacam, OCULUS Optikger  te GmbH, Wetzlar, Germany), and anterior segment photography, were performed. Results. Biomicroscopic examination showed bilateral darkly pigmented lesions of the nasal and temporal conjunctiva and episclera in both @entity1 . In vivo confocal microscopy of the lesions revealed prominent degenerative changes, including vacuoles and fragmentation of collagen fibers in the affected conjunctival lamina propria and episclera. Hyperreflective pigment granules in different shapes were demonstrated in the substantia propria beneath the basement membrane. AS-OCT of Case 1 demonstrated hyporeflective areas. Fundus examination was within normal limits in both @entity1 , except tilted optic discs with @entity194 in one of the @entity1 . Corneal topography, thickness, and macular OCT were normal bilaterally in both cases. Conclusion. The degenerative and anatomic changes due to ochronotic pigment deposition in @entity9360 can be demonstrated in detail with IVCM and AS-OCT. Confocal microscopic analysis in @entity9359 may serve as a useful adjunct in diagnosis and monitoring of the disease progression.

title: In Vivo Confocal Microscopy and Anterior Segment Optic Coherence Tomography Findings in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity9359 :: ('MESH:C531762', 'Disease') :: ['ocular ochronosis']

entities_list: @entity9360 :: ('MESH:D000474', 'Disease') :: ['alkaptonuria']

entities_list: @entity194 :: ('MESH:D001284', 'Disease') :: ['peripapillary atrophy']

answer: @entity9359 :: (MESH:C531762,Disease) :: ['Ocular Ochronosis']


abstract: This analysis refers to 129 @entity1 with @entity980 who were treated between 1981 and 1985 according to the protocol guidelines of the CWS-81 study. The duration of chemotherapy depended on the initial post-operative stage. @entity1 with stage I and IIA were not to receive any radiotherapy, and @entity1 with primary stage III were treated according to the results of a 16-week chemotherapy treatment: either without radiation (stage Ipc), or with radiotherapy using 40 Gy (stage (IIpc) or 50 Gy (stage IIIpc). The median time of observation was 27 months (Juni 1985). The essential results of the study are as follow: @entity980 of the extremities in stages I and IIA need radiotherapy, contrary to all other localisations with the same stages. @entity1 with @entity980 stage III who are @entity5 -free after initial chemotherapy (histologically checked) do not need radiotherapy. @entity1 with microscopic residue (IIpc) or macroscopic residue (IIIpc) after pretreatment showed no difference in their local relapse rate, whereas @entity3 were found only in the group having @entity5 residue up to week 16. An additional examination of this study observed @entity5 response during initial chemotherapy and its relationship to prognosis. This analysis showed that the degree of @entity5 regression per unit of time permits the most favorable prognostic statement. @entity1 with clinical complete remission after 7/9 weeks showed a 100% relapse-free chance of survival, independent of localisation, @entity5 size or histological subtype. Those with a @entity5 reduction of greater than 2/3 but no complete remission showed 67% chance of survival, and those with greater than 1/3-2/3 @entity5 reduction had 25%. @entity5 response kinetics under initial chemotherapy allows better individual therapy in the future. The overall result of the study concerning localisation and stage corresponds to that of the IRS I and II studies. @entity1 with @entity3491 , extraossary @entity2828 and @entity1352 can be treated according to the same principles as @entity980 , since no significant differences in prognosis could be found.

title: [Results of treatment of @entity980 ( XXXX ) in @entity1 . A report of the Cooperative Soft Tissue Sarcoma Study (CWS-81) of the Society of Pediatric Oncology].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2828 :: ('MESH:D012512', 'Disease') :: ["Ewing's sarcoma"]

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'macroscopic tumor', 'Tumor']

entities_list: @entity3491 :: ('MESH:C580334', 'Disease') :: ['undifferentiated sarcomas']

entities_list: @entity1352 :: ('MESH:D013584', 'Disease') :: ['synovial sarcomas']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

answer: @entity980 :: (MESH:D012208,Disease) :: ['RMS']


abstract: @entity1 who are @entity28 are believed to be at greater risk of developing @entity260 than their nonobese counterparts. Many studies have shown that there is a higher prevalence of @entity28 among the Veterans Affairs @entity1 population. We performed a retrospective review of 941 @entity1 presenting to a single Veterans Affairs Medical Center. We aimed to determine the incidence of @entity28 among the Veterans Affairs Medical Center general surgery @entity1 population as well to compare the frequency of @entity260 between @entity1 who are @entity28 and nonobese @entity1 undergoing elective general surgery. Body mass index was calculated for all @entity1 ; of the 941 @entity1 seen in the clinic, 547 underwent elective surgery. Thirty-three per cent of all clinic @entity1 had a body mass index greater than 30 kg/m2. Twenty-eight per cent of @entity1 who underwent surgery had a body mass index greater than 30 kg/m2. @entity260 developed among 5.5 per cent of all surgical @entity1 ; 23.3 per cent were @entity28 and 76.7 per cent were nonobese. There was no statistically significant difference between these two groups (P = 0.54). This study illustrates the increased prevalence of @entity28 among the Veterans Affairs Medical Center general surgery @entity1 population. In addition, our study suggests that @entity28 is not an independent risk factor for @entity260 in @entity1 undergoing elective general surgery.

title: The prevalence of @entity28 and XXXX in a Veterans Affairs Medical Center general surgery population.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['intraoperative and postoperative complications', 'postoperative complications', 'Postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obese', 'obesity']

answer: @entity260 :: (MESH:D011183,Disease) :: ['postoperative complications']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The impact of capsular invasion on the survival of @entity1 undergoing surgery for @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ) has attracted little attention in the literature and remains controversial. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the value of capsular invasion, without perirenal fat invasion, on the prognosis of @entity1 with localized clear-cell @entity1358 . DESIGN, SETTING, AND @entity1 : Between 1984 and 2007, we retrospectively reviewed the records of 317 consecutive @entity1 with localized clear-cell @entity1358 (pT1-T2N0M0) who underwent radical nephrectomy or nephron-sparing surgery at our institution. Overall, 299 @entity1 were eligible for the study. We analyzed clinical (presentation and body mass index [BMI]) and pathologic ( @entity5 size, Fuhrman nuclear grade, collecting system invasion, microvascular invasion, and capsular involvement) parameters. MEASUREMENTS: Recurrence-free survival (RFS) and @entity5 -specific survival (CSS) were investigated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and the Cox regression model was used to determine the significant prognostic factors based on multivariate analysis. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS: Renal capsular invasion was observed in 106 of 299 @entity1 (35.5%). Capsular invasion had a statistically significant association with age, symptomatic presentation, @entity5 diameter, pathologic stage, collecting system invasion, and microvascular invasion. The mean follow-up was 60.5 mo (range: 1-249). The 5-yr RFS and CSS rates for @entity5 with capsular invasion were significantly lower compared with rates for @entity5 without invasion (77.7% vs 92.3% and 85.5% vs 95.7%, respectively; p=0.0004). Multivariate analysis showed that BMI (hazard ratio [HR]=0.19), stage (HR=2.45), and capsular invasion (HR=3.36) were independent prognostic factors of disease recurrence. With respect to CSS, BMI (HR=0.20), @entity5 size (HR=1.13), and capsular invasion (HR=4.03) were the factors related to @entity204 . Nevertheless, we recognize that these findings may be limited by the study's retrospective, single-institution design. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that capsular invasion is associated with poor survival in @entity1 with localized clear-cell @entity1358 .

title: Prognostic value of capsular invasion for localized clear-cell XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['renal cell carcinoma', 'RCC']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'tumors']

answer: @entity1358 :: (MESH:D002292,Disease) :: ['renal cell carcinoma']


abstract: The transanal eversion and prolapsing technique is a well-established procedure, and can ensure an adequate distal margin for @entity1 with @entity188 . Potential leakage risks, however, are associated with bilateral @entity235 ear formation, which results from traditional double-stapling @entity254 . The authors determined the feasibility of combining these techniques with a commercial stapling set to achieve a nondog ear (end-to-end) @entity254 for @entity1 with mid- and @entity188 . @entity1 with early-stage (c/ycT1-2N0), mid- to @entity188 and good anal sphincter function were included in this study. Laparoscopic low anterior resection was performed with a standard total mesorectal excision technique downward to the pelvic floor as low as possible. The bowel was resected proximal to the lesion with an endoscopic linear stapler. An anvil was inserted extracorporeally into the proximal colon via an extended working pore. The distal rectum coupled with the lesion was prolapsed and everted out of the anus. The @entity5 was resected with a sufficient margin above the dentate line under direct sight. A transrectal @entity254 without @entity235 ears was performed intracorporeally to reconstitute the continuity of the bowel.Eleven cases, 6 male and 5 female @entity1 , were included in this study. The mean operative time was 191 (129-292) minutes. The mean @entity190 was 110 (30-300) mL. The median distal margin distance from the lower edge of the lesion to the dentate line was 1.5 (0.5-2.5) cm. All the resection margins were negative. Most @entity1 experienced uneventful postoperative recoveries. No @entity1 had @entity834 . Most @entity1 had an acceptable stool frequency after loop ileostomy closure.Our preliminary data demonstrated the safety and feasibility of achieving a sound @entity254 without risking potential anastomotic leakage because of @entity235 ear formation.

title: Laparoscopic Low Anterior Resection and Eversion Technique Combined With a Nondog Ear Anastomosis for Mid- and XXXX : A Preliminary and Feasibility Study.

entities_list: @entity834 :: ('MESH:D057868', 'Disease') :: ['anastomotic leak']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplasm']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity188 :: ('MESH:D012004', 'Disease') :: ['distal rectal neoplasms', 'low rectal neoplasms']

answer: @entity188 :: (MESH:D012004,Disease) :: ['Distal Rectal Neoplasms']


abstract: AIM: the treatment of @entity1764 , after median sternotomy, in open heart surgery operated @entity1 , remains an important and challenging problem in cardiac surgery. The management of this severe complication by means of surgical debridement of the sternum followed by mediastinal closure with pectoralis major @entity121 , represents one of the best effective and most common modalities of treatment. The aim of the present publication is to demonstrate the good and comparable result in the mediastinal closure by using a single pectoralis muscle flap instead of two pectoralis @entity121 . METHODS: in our hospital, between July 1998 and December 2004, 32 @entity1 with @entity1764 were treated after adult open heart surgery with sternal debridement and pectoralis major @entity121 . In 19 cases the sternal closure was performed with a single pectoralis muscle (group U) and in 13 cases with both pectoralis muscles (Group B). RESULTS: comparing the group U and group B, we did not found statistical differences in the variables of age, sex, associated diseases, previous @entity583 , kind of cardiac surgery undertaken, quality of the sternum, type of germen, number of previous sternal debridement performed and time of hospitalization. @entity1 in group U showed a statistically significant (P=0.001) shorted plastic reconstructive surgery time, an earlier extubation time (non statistically significant) and less need of blood transfusion (non statistically significant). The morbidity and hospital mortality in group U and B did not show any statistical differences. There were three cases of flap related complications in group B and two in group U. One @entity204 was recorded in group U (7.69%) and another in group B (5.26%). CONCLUSION: mediastinal infection after cardiac surgery can be effectively managed by surgical debridement followed by plastic coverage with a single pectoralis muscle flap. In our experience, this unilateral pectoralis muscle flap technique showed similar results to the classic closure with both pectoralis @entity121 . The unilateral technique represents a relative @entity146 and preserves intact the contralateral pectoralis muscle. Comparing the single pectoralis muscle flap technique with the bilateral pectoralis musle technique, the former is faster, the extubation is earlier and there is less need of postoperative blood transfusions.

title: Postoperative @entity1764 in open heart surgery XXXX . Treatment with unilateral or bilateral pectoralis major muscle flap?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['low aggressive operation']

entities_list: @entity1764 :: ('MESH:D008480', 'Disease') :: ['mediastinitis']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['muscle flaps']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: PURPOSE: The thresholds for testost erone (T) and the symptoms required for defining late onset @entity6126 (LOH) are under debate. The aims of the study are: (1) to verify the association between total and calculated free T (cfT) and @entity250 and (2) to identify thresholds for total and calculated free T to discriminate symptomatic from asymptomatic @entity1 . METHODS: A consecutive series of 4890 @entity1 attending the outpatient clinic for @entity250 was retrospectively studied. Biochemical parameters were collected. The relationships between symptoms and total or calculated free T were evaluated as LOESS curves. RESULTS: Severe impairment in morning erections, low libido and @entity2613 were reported by 14.6, 2.7 and 60.2  %, respectively. Simultaneous presence of severe @entity2613 and @entity73 or low desire was reported by 12.7 and 1.9  %, respectively. Severely reduced desire and morning erections were complained of by 1.0  %. The simultaneous presence of the three severe @entity250 was reported by 0.8  %. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that the highest accuracy for @entity1619 and cfT in detecting subjects with two symptoms was observed for reduced morning erections and desire (area under the ROC curve [AUC]  =  0.670      0.04 and 0.747      0.04, for @entity1619 and cfT, respectively, both p  <  0.0001). The addition of the third symptom, @entity2613 , further improved the accuracy (AUC  =  0.681      0.05 and 0.784      0.04, for @entity1619 and cfT, respectively, both p  <  0.0001). The assessment of the Youden index showed that the best thresholds for detecting @entity1 with @entity342 deficiency-related symptoms are 10.4  nmol/L for @entity1619 and ranges 225-260  pmol/L for cfT. CONCLUSIONS: The simultaneous presence of reduced morning erections and desire is the cluster of symptoms that, along with @entity1619  <  10.4  nmol/L or cfT <225  pmol/L, defines LOH in a specific, evidence-based manner.

title: How to define @entity6126 ? Results from a population of XXXX consulting for @entity250 .

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['impaired morning erections']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen']

entities_list: @entity6126 :: ('MESH:D007006', 'Disease') :: ['hypogonadism']

entities_list: @entity250 :: ('MESH:D012735', 'Disease') :: ['sexual dysfunction', 'sexual symptoms']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['men']


abstract: Primary cutaneous large cell anaplastic non-Hodgkin lymphomas positive for @entity5823 are rarely described. There are 100 published cases worldwide. Typically large cell @entity706 have an inflammatory appearance, which often leads to false diagnosis and unsuccessful treatment with antibiotics. Histological examination reveals a highly malignant @entity1893 . The @entity5 is composed of large pleomorphic lymphoid cells composed of T-cells in 80% of the cases and of B-cells in 10%. The immunological phenotype in the remaining 10% remains unclear. Crucial for the diagnosis is the expression of @entity5823 antigen in > 70% of the @entity5 cells. This article presents 5 cases of cutaneous @entity5823 -positive @entity706 seen in our Berlin department during the last 10 years. In 4 @entity1 the diagnosis was established in clinical stage I of @entity706 without further manifestation; 1 @entity1 had lymph node involvement and was in stage II. Total excision of the primary @entity5 in stage I with adjuvant polychemotherapy in stages II-IV led to complete remission in all cases. Long-term remissions were seen in case 1 (2 years) and in case 5 (1 year), whilst 2 @entity1 showed local relapse, and 1 @entity1 showed generalized lymphogenic and hematogenic @entity3 . After repeated surgical @entity5 and adjuvant polychemotherapy, further complete remission was achieved in 2 @entity1 (up to now lasting 1 and 4 years). another @entity1 has been in partial remission for the last 2 years. Our observations underline the high relapse rate of large cell @entity706 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Large cell anaplastic @entity5823 positive XXXX . 5 personal cases and review of the literature].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma', 'anaplastic lymphoma', 'cutaneous lymphoma', 'anaplastic lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['removal or irradiation of the tumour', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ['non-Hodgkin lymphoma']

answer: @entity706 :: (MESH:D008223,Disease) :: ['lymphoma of the skin']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The current standard of care for radiographically identified enhancing @entity8 is surgical removal. However, some of these lesions prove to be benign and did not truly warrant extirpation. Mass size has been traditionally described as a parameter to predict the malignant potential. We compiled our experience with surgically treated renal masses and correlated lesion size with final pathology. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a retrospective analysis of extirpative renal surgery and resultant renal mass pathology from 1998- January 2006. Nephrectomies performed for non-malignant @entity1606 were excluded. @entity703 were staged by the 2002 TNM classification system. RESULTS: Three hundred ninety-four @entity1 with 460 lesions were identified. Overall, 24% of masses were determined to be benign and 76% were malignant. Three hundred forty-three @entity5 were @entity1358 (98%). Masses were stratified by size. Two hundred thirty masses were smaller than 4 cm and 72 (31.3%) of these were benign. There were 166 lesions between 4 cm and 7 cm with an 18% benign rate. Sixty-four lesions were > 7 cm in size. Only eight of these were benign (12.5%). Chi square testing revealed the 31.3% benign rate of the < 4 cm group to be significantly different than the benign rates of the other groups. CONCLUSIONS: The preponderance of @entity8 removed for benign pathology occurs when lesion size is small, typically less than 4 cm. This information may be useful in deciding to offer expectant management of an otherwise surgical lesion in a @entity1 who is a poor candidate to undergo an operative procedure.

title: Correlation of pathology with XXXX size of renal masses.

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal lesions']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant lesions']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['renal cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1606 :: ('MESH:D002295', 'Disease') :: ['disease or transitional cell carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity703 :: ('MESH:D007680', 'Disease') :: ['Renal tumors']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumor']


abstract: Studies were undertaken to examine the effects of @entity4089 on the frequency and amplitude of pulses of LH, and determine if changes in pituitary sensitivity to @entity7438 were involved in the prolactin-induced suppression of LH secretion. @entity35 were bilaterally ovariectomized (day 0). Ovine prolactin (4 mg/kg body weight, subcutaneously) or vehicle was administered every 8 h beginning at 09.00 h on day 4 after ovariectomy and continuing until 09.00 h on day 6. On day 6, between 07.00 and 09.00 h all animals received a right atrial cannula, using ether anesthesia. In experiment I blood samples were taken at 10-min intervals beginning at 12.00 h on day 6, for a total of 180 min. To test the effect of @entity4089 on pituitary responsiveness (experiment II) animals received an intravenous injection of @entity7438 (25 ng/100 g body weight) after the 180-min and again after the 240-min sample. Blood was drawn every 10 min for a total of 300 min. Serum was assayed for LH. @entity4089 altered the pattern of pulsatile secretion of LH. Treatment with ovine prolactin produced a decrease in both the frequency and amplitude of the LH pulses compared to values found in control animals. However, no differences in pituitary responsiveness between hyperprolactinemic and control animals were found at the dose of @entity7438 given. Thus, the prolactin-induced suppression of pulsatile secretion of LH was not apparently a result of alterations in the sensitivity of the pituitary to @entity7438 . From these studies we suggest that @entity4089 directly affects a @entity1640 site which ultimately alters the @entity7438 pulse generator, thereby changing the secretion of @entity7438 .

title: XXXX alters the frequency and amplitude of pulsatile luteinizing hormone secretion in the ovariectomized @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity4089 :: ('MESH:D006966', 'Disease') :: ['Hyperprolactinemia', 'hyperprolactinemia']

entities_list: @entity1640 :: ('MESH:D007027', 'Disease') :: ['hypothalamic']

answer: @entity4089 :: (MESH:D006966,Disease) :: ['Hyperprolactinemia']


abstract: PURPOSE: To test the hypothesis that immune activation occurs in @entity726 by comparing concentrations of multiple cytokines in @entity7462 ( @entity7462 ) from @entity1 with @entity725 ( @entity725 ) and from @entity231 @entity1 without @entity726 as controls. METHODS: Cytokine concentrations in @entity7462 obtained during surgery were measured using microparticle-based immunoassays. Localized expression of @entity687 protein was investigated by immunohistochemistry of @entity1 eyes. RESULTS: Eight cytokines ( @entity1356 , @entity1199 , @entity3646 , @entity225 , @entity688 , IL-12, @entity379 , and @entity310 ) were below the limits of detection, and two cytokines ( @entity8923 and @entity8252 ) were detected at low levels or in only a few @entity1 . Although @entity650 was detected in 26 of 30 control @entity1 (median, 2.7 pg/mL) and in 23 of 29 @entity725 @entity1 (median, 1.6 pg/mL), the difference was not statistically significant. @entity687 was detected in 28 of 30 control @entity1 (median, 1.8 pg/mL) and in all 29 @entity725 @entity1 (median, 4.9 pg/mL). The higher @entity687 concentration in the @entity7462 of @entity725 @entity1 was statistically significant (P < 0.001). In pairs of eyes from @entity1 with asymmetric glaucomatous @entity1781 , @entity687 concentration was higher in the @entity7462 of the more severely affected eye (P < 0.05). @entity1 with severe @entity227 had higher @entity687 concentrations in the @entity7462 than did @entity1 with mild @entity227 . @entity687 protein expression was found in @entity1 retina and optic nerve. CONCLUSIONS: Concentration of the inflammatory cytokine @entity687 is significantly elevated in the @entity7462 of @entity725 @entity1 , supporting the hypothesis that immune activation occurs in @entity726 .

title: Multiplex cytokine analysis reveals elevated concentration of @entity687 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity725 :: ('MESH:C562750', 'Disease') :: ['POAG', 'primary open angle glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual field defects']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity7462 :: ('MESH:C562390', 'Disease') :: ['AH', 'aqueous humor']

entities_list: @entity1781 :: ('MESH:D009901', 'Disease') :: ['optic nerve damage']

answer: @entity7462 :: (MESH:C562390,Disease) :: ['glaucomatous aqueous humor']


abstract: We utilized a plasmid vector host cell reactivation assay to probe the biological functioning of DNA expression vectors and their encoded genes. We studied the effect of ultraviolet radiation or acid-heat treatment on the transient expression of genes transfected into normal @entity1 cells and into DNA repair deficient ( @entity2173 ) cells and modification of gene expression by @entity11413 . U.v. inactivation of transient expression of the bacterial @entity6283 gene contained in a non-replicating expression vector plasmid, pSV2catSVgpt, was much greater in three @entity2173 lines than in the four other @entity1 cell lines tested. In contrast, treatment of pSV2catSVgpt with acid and heat to produce apurinic sites resulted in a similar slope of the inactivation curve of the bacterial cat gene in the repair deficient and repair proficient cells. Thus, u.v. damage of DNA expression vectors was subject to repair by the normal host cells, but acid-heat treatment resulted in damage (apurinic sites) that was handled in a similar manner by excision repair deficient and excision repair proficient @entity1 cells. In both normal and @entity2173 cells @entity11413 treatment of cells resulted in a greater stimulation of @entity2755 acetyltransferase expression with u.v. damaged than with undamaged plasmid. This assay thus permits examination of the effects of defined types of DNA damage on plasmid expression and study of its modulation by cellular repair activities.

title: Host cell reactivation by XXXX cells of DNA expression vectors damaged by ultraviolet radiation or by acid-heat treatment.

entities_list: @entity11413 :: ('CHEBI:64103', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium butyrate']

entities_list: @entity2173 :: ('MESH:D014983', 'Disease') :: ['xeroderma pigmentosum']

entities_list: @entity2755 :: ('MESH:D002701', 'Chemical') :: ['chloramphenicol']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: A total of 16 hospitalized @entity1 underwent surgery for gastroenterological problems in the Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kanazawa Medical College Hospital, during the period from April 1981 to September 1981. After they had undergone partial or total gastroenterological resection, @entity3398 was administered for the prevention of @entity86 . The following findings were obtained. 1. Fifteen out of 16 @entity1 responded well with the clinical efficacy of 94 percent. 2. Elevations in S-GOT levels were noted in 3 @entity1 . However, no other abnormalities were evident in the clinical data. 3. These clinical results indicate that @entity3398 is an effective antibiotic for the prevention of @entity86 in gastroenterological surgery.

title: [Clinical experience of XXXX used for the prevention of @entity86 in gastroenterological surgery].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative infections']

entities_list: @entity3398 :: ('MESH:D002440', 'Chemical') :: ['cefoxitin']

answer: @entity3398 :: (MESH:D002440,Chemical) :: ['cefoxitin']


abstract: @entity65 in @entity326 ( @entity326 ) is ascribed to the release of inflammatory mediators. @entity1063 (NE) is often administered to treat @entity258 in @entity326 . We recently found that lysozyme c (Lzm-S) released from leukocytes was a mediator of @entity296 in an @entity526 coil model of @entity326 in @entity235 . This effect can be blocked in an in vitro preparation by @entity13114 , a competitive inhibitor of Lzm-S. In the present study, we examined whether @entity13114 treatment can reverse @entity296 and obviate NE requirements in two respective @entity235 @entity526 preparations. In a 6-h study, we administered @entity13114 after 3.5 h of @entity526 @entity2259 and @entity64 at 6 h with a @entity295 control group. In a 12-h study, we determined whether @entity13114 treatment can reduce the need for NE requirements during 12 h of @entity2259 . In the latter study, either @entity13114 or NE was given when MAP decreased approximately 20% from the presepsis value in respective groups. In anesthetized, mechanically ventilated @entity235 , we monitored hemodynamic parameters during continuous @entity526 infusion. In the 6-h study, @entity13114 improved SW and MAP at the 6-h period as compared with the nontreated @entity295 group. In the 12-h study, SW and MAP increased after @entity13114 without the necessity of NE administration. These results suggest that inhibitors of Lzm-S such as @entity13114 may improve @entity296 and reduce the need for NE requirements in @entity326 .

title: N,N'-diacetylchitobiose, an inhibitor of lysozyme, reverses @entity296 and lessens @entity1063 requirements in @entity526 @entity295 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial depression']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['compared stroke work (SW) and MAP']

entities_list: @entity326 :: ('MESH:D012772', 'Disease') :: ['septic shock', 'SS']

entities_list: @entity13114 :: ('MESH:C032438', 'Chemical') :: ['chitobiose']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['Norepinephrine']

entities_list: @entity2259 :: ('MESH:D016470', 'Disease') :: ['bacteremia']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['Cardiovascular dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia', 'E. coli']

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['dogs']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the feasibility of independently developed digital eye tracker in determining the efficacy of @entity9529 ( @entity9529 ) surgery. METHODS: Aprospective selfpairing study. The surgical efficacy was evaluated by independently developed eye tracker in 16 @entity9529 @entity1 . The null zone and the frequency, amplitude, intensity of @entity346 in various gazing position were recorded with eye tracker pre and post operatively. The consistency of null zone determined by digital eye tracker and clinical investigation were evaluated. The preoperative and postoperative rectification of horizontal and @entity346 in the horizontal direction of individual @entity1 were compared by paired samples t-test. The improvement or aggravation quantity were recorded by comparing preoperative and postoperative intensity of @entity346 every 5   within 25  . RESULT: The null zone got from digital eye tracker and clinical investigation were highly consistent (r = 0.952, P < 0.01). The horizontal and vertical intensity improved in 9 @entity1 (t = 2.335-6.609, P < 0.05) and 5 @entity1 (t = 2.176-5.471, P < 0.05) respectively after surgery. There were 67.63% (117/173) horizontal intensity and 69.94% (121/173) vertical intensity improvement. CONCLUSION: The independently developed digital eye tracker can quantitatively evaluate the pre and post-operative @entity346 and analyze the surgical efficacy for @entity9529 @entity1 .

title: [Quantitative assess the efficacy of XXXX surgery by digital eye tracker].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity346 :: ('MESH:D009759', 'Disease') :: ['vertical nystagmus', 'nystagmus']

entities_list: @entity9529 :: ('MESH:D020417', 'Disease') :: ['congenital idiopathic nystagmus', 'CIN']

answer: @entity9529 :: (MESH:D020417,Disease) :: ['congenital idiopathic nystagmus']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical features, surgical strategy and management outcomes of @entity1653 invading into cavernous sinus. METHODS: Fifteen cases with @entity1653 invading into cavernous sinus were retrospectively analyzed. The presigmoidal approach was selected to remove @entity5 . The surgical strategy for @entity5 in cavernous sinus was partial resection combined with radiosurgery. Postoperative @entity129 and @entity1 survival status were analyzed. RESULTS: The main symptoms of subtype of @entity1653 were @entity10 , @entity2896 and @entity16 . Gross total @entity5 removal was achieved in 13 cases and more than 90% resection in 2 cases. There was no operative @entity204 . Nine cases suffered from new postoperative @entity129 . After a follow-up of 6 - 59 months, complete improvement was achieved in @entity2895 , much improvement in @entity2103 , but V and @entity2896 improved slightly. The @entity5 progression-free survival rate was 86.7%. CONCLUSION: Rational surgical strategy to @entity1653 invading into cavernous sinus should be suggested to reduce the operative morbidity and improve the survival quality of these @entity1 .

title: [Surgical management of XXXX invading into cavernous sinus].

entities_list: @entity129 :: ('MESH:D003389', 'Disease') :: ['cranial nerve deficits', 'cranial nerve function']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['trigeminal neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity2103 :: ('MESH:D005155', 'Disease') :: ['VII nerve deficit']

entities_list: @entity2895 :: ('MESH:D015840', 'Disease') :: ['oculomotor nerve deficits']

entities_list: @entity1653 :: ('MESH:D008579', 'Disease') :: ['petroclival meningiomas', 'petroclival meningioma']

entities_list: @entity2896 :: ('MESH:D020434', 'Disease') :: ['abducens nerve palsy', 'VI nerve function deficits']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

answer: @entity1653 :: (MESH:D008579,Disease) :: ['petroclival meningiomas']


abstract: @entity4810 is an increasing health issue in today's society, for both @entity1 or livestock populations. In livestock, @entity4810 slows the improvement of animal selection programs and agricultural productivity. There are increasing evidences that epigenetic marks play an important role in the production of good quality sperm. We therefore screened for specific or common epigenetic signatures of @entity249 . To do so, we compared DNA methylation level in sperm DNA from fertile and infertile boars. We evaluated first the global level of sperm DNA methylation and found no difference between the two groups of boars. We then selected 42 loci of interest, most of them known to be imprinted in @entity1 or @entity19 and assessed the imprinting status of 5 of them not previously described in @entity1707 tissues: @entity15118 , @entity15119 , IMPACT, @entity15120 and @entity15121 . DNA methylation level was then quantified in fertile and infertile boars, at these 42 loci. Results from fertile boars indicated that the methylation level of the selected loci is highly conserved between @entity1707 , @entity1 and @entity19 , with a few exceptions, including the @entity11824 ( @entity11824 ) promoter and @entity15122 . Comparison between fertile and infertile boars revealed that one imprinted region, the @entity15123 locus, shows an increase in sperm DNA methylation in 4 out of 8 infertile boars with low semen quality. This increase in DNA methylation is associated with an altered expression of the genes belonging to the @entity15123 locus, suggesting a new role for @entity15123 in the proper formation of functional gametes.

title: Sperm DNA Methylation Analysis in XXXX Reveals Conserved and Species-Specific Methylation Patterns and Highlights an Altered Methylation at the @entity15123 Locus in Infertile Boars.

entities_list: @entity249 :: ('MESH:D007246', 'Disease') :: ['livestock infertility']

entities_list: @entity4810 :: ('MESH:D007248', 'Disease') :: ['Male infertility', 'male infertility']

answer: @entity1707 :: (9823,Species) :: ['Swine']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Evaluation of the Dutch national screening programme for @entity814 ( @entity814 ). DESIGN: Descriptive. SETTING: Nationwide. METHODS: Data on the screening were obtained from the laboratories, from the registration offices of vaccination and screening results and from the paediatricians to whom @entity1 with positive screening values were referred, during the period from September 1st, 1974 to December 31st, 1993. RESULTS: During the study period 3,481,738 @entity1 were screened in the Netherlands (99.4% of all live births). The sensitivity of the programme was 98%, the specificity 99.99% and the positive predictive value 50%. The prevalence of @entity814 varied considerably between regions, e.g. from 1:33,600 in Zuid-Holland to 1:8,250 in Limburg (average in the Netherlands 1:18,000). The percentage of @entity1 treated before the age of 22 days was 84% in the period from 1974 to 1988 and 95% in the period from 1989 to 1993 (p = 0.04). Birth weight in @entity1 with @entity814 was 141 g (95% confidence interval: 66-216) less than the expected birth weight in the Netherlands. Furthermore, a slight @entity851 occurred in the first three years of life in early treated @entity1 . The percentage of @entity1 following special education was twice as high as in the general population (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The screening procedure for @entity814 is functioning at a high level. Despite early treatment development of @entity1 with @entity814 is slightly below normal.

title: [20-year national screening for XXXX in The Netherlands. National Guidance Commission @entity814 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['growth retardation']

entities_list: @entity814 :: ('MESH:D010661', 'Disease') :: ['PKU', 'phenylketonuria']

answer: @entity814 :: (MESH:D010661,Disease) :: ['phenylketonuria']


abstract: 7 case reports of @entity1 with @entity6594 suggest that, since all of the @entity1 were taking @entity7280 ( @entity6862 ), there may be an association between ingestion of exogenous hormones and development of @entity409 . The cases were rapidly diagnosed by using hepatic arteriography; prompt, precise diagnosis is emphasized because, though the @entity5 are benign, they may cause serious, if not fatal, @entity548 if left unchecked. Case 1 was a 26-year-old @entity1 who had taken Enovid for 2 years, who presented with acute abdomen and impending shock. Coliotomy was performed, in which a @entity99 was found; she underwent left hepatectomy and cholecystectomy and no evidence of recurrence was found 1 year later. Case 2 had been taking Oracon for a unknown time. Case 3, on @entity6862 for 6 years, had a pedunculated @entity5 removed. Case 4, 25 years old, had been taking Ovral for 6 months before diagnosis and excision of a @entity96 . Case 5, 5 years on combined @entity6862 , required surgical intervention for a hypervascular mass. Case 6, taking a total of 8 years of OC therapy, was operated on for an hepatic mass which was a white-to-yellow @entity548 mass. Case 7, taking Enovid for 7 years, yielded a surgical specimen that was @entity548 , partly @entity39 , and yellow-tan, about 10 cm in diameter.

title: Possible association between benign hepatomas and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity7280 :: ('MESH:D003276', 'Chemical') :: ['oral contraceptives']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhagic', 'hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['right lobe liver tumor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['mobile tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrotic']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['benign hepatoma of the liver']

entities_list: @entity6594 :: ('MESH:C564190', 'Disease') :: ['benign hepatic adenoma']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['left-lobe hepatic tumor']

answer: @entity7280 :: (MESH:D003276,Chemical) :: ['oral contraceptives']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The purpose of our study was to identify postoperative results and complications using a percutaneous approach to treat @entity2074 in a consecutive series of @entity1 . METHODS: A review of all @entity1 with @entity2074 treated with percutaneous needle aponeurotomy (NA) from 2008 to 2010 was performed. @entity1 demographics, digits affected, and disease severity was recorded. Pre-operative total passive extension deficit (TPED) was calculated for each affected digit. TPED in the immediate postoperative period and at the time of most recent follow-up was measured. Treatment-related complications and incidence of disease recurrence were identified. Statistical analysis was performed using paired t-test. (Statistical significance p-value <0.05). RESULTS: 525 digits in 193 hands were treated with NA. 140 @entity1 were male, average age was 65 years. The average preoperative TPED was 41   and the average immediate postoperative TPED was 1   (98% correction) (P=0.0001). The average TPED at 4.5 month follow up was 11 o (73% correction). Complications included @entity281 in 3 @entity1 and one case each of triggering, delayed flexor @entity397 , @entity158 and persistent @entity1183 . Recurrence was observed in 62 digits. CONCLUSION: Percutaneous needle aponeurotomy is an effective technique in the treatment of @entity2074 . Near complete correction of contracture was achieved and few complications were observed. Longer follow-up is needed to determine if these short-term results are maintained.

title: Modified percutaneous needle aponeurotomy for the treatment of XXXX : early results and complications.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity397 :: ('MESH:D012421', 'Disease') :: ['tendon rupture']

entities_list: @entity2074 :: ('MESH:D004387', 'Disease') :: ["Dupuytren's contracture"]

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['complex regional pain syndrome']

answer: @entity2074 :: (MESH:D004387,Disease) :: ['dupuytren's contracture']


abstract: @entity5 of the small intestine are rare; 15-20% of the cases are @entity706 from B or T cells. Higher Incidence occurs in @entity1 between 21 and 50 years. The clinical symptoms are @entity158 , @entity1321 , @entity294 , @entity548 or perforated @entity298 . In @entity1893 , the cells are large and pleomorphic, with immunoblastic and plasmacytoid features, and immunopositive for alpha chain immunoglobulins. We reported the case of a 56-year-old @entity1 presented with @entity490 associated with intestinal perforation. Resections of a 9-centimetres-long segment in the small intestine was performed, which was covered by purulent plaques, with a perforation of 5 mm, surrounded by a greyish-white thick intestinal wall. It can be observed in the microscopy a proliferation of neoplastic cells arranged diffusely and with frequent mitosis. Large areas of immunoblastic and plasmacytoid configuration were evident. The immunomarcation was consistent with a @entity706 of large cells, immunophenotype B, with plasmacytoid development. We highlighted the clinical presentation like acute @entity490 and its clinical and pathological characteristics, especially in the plasmacytoid development that should differ of the true @entity6872 .

title: [Small intestinal plasmacytoid XXXX . Clinical presentation with acute @entity490 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma', 'extranodal lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Primary tumors']

entities_list: @entity6872 :: ('MESH:D010954', 'Disease') :: ['plasmocytoma']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity1321 :: ('MESH:D007415', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal obstruction']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ['high-grade lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['peritonitis']

answer: @entity706 :: (MESH:D008223,Disease) :: ['lymphoma']


abstract: The effects of various drugs on @entity6722 of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN's) in vitro and in vivo have been studied. Response of @entity95 PMN's in vitro to the chemotactic factor of rabbit serum, consisting of an activated @entity2483 (C'), is suppressed by @entity701 , @entity1667 , and @entity503 . Drug concentrations causing 50% inhibition of @entity6722 in vitro were found to be: @entity701 , 2.9 x 10(-4)M; methly @entity617 , 1.2 x 10(-4)M; and @entity503 8.5 x 10(-6)M. The @entity701 effect on PMN's appeared to be irreversible, since washing of the cells did not restore their chemotactic response. @entity3212 (DNP), @entity904 , and endotoxin did not inhibit @entity6722 . @entity701 and @entity503 did block serum C' activity in vitro, but only at substantially higher concentrations. Using the reversed passive @entity8753 in @entity840 as a model for @entity6722 in vivo, systemic treatment of animals with @entity701 or @entity503 inhibited development of the @entity1333 . Circulating antigen and C' were fixed in vascular structures, and serum C' was not perceptibly altered. Nevertheless, PMN infiltrates failed to occur. Local administration of @entity701 also prevented influx of PMN's in the @entity8753 , in spite of the fact that immune reactants were found fixed in the vascular walls. Systemic treatment of @entity840 with DNP did not diminish the intensity of the Arthus reactions. Phagocytosis of zymosan particles by @entity95 PMN's was inhibited by @entity701 , @entity1667 , and @entity503 , but not by DNP or endotoxin. The concentrations of drugs inhibitory in phagocytosis were substantially higher than those required for inhibition of @entity6722 in vitro. These findings suggest that @entity701 and @entity503 inhibit the inflammatory process by preventing the response of leukocytes to chemotactic stimuli.

title: The chemosuppression of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1667 :: ('MESH:D008775', 'Chemical') :: ['methyl prednisolone']

entities_list: @entity6722 :: ('MESH:C565534', 'Disease') :: ['chemotaxis']

entities_list: @entity1333 :: ('MESH:D014657', 'Disease') :: ['vasculitis']

entities_list: @entity3212 :: ('MESH:D019297', 'Chemical') :: ['2, 4-Dinitrophenol']

entities_list: @entity904 :: ('MESH:D014801', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin A']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrocortisone', 'Hydrocortisone']

entities_list: @entity2483 :: ('MESH:C566443', 'Disease') :: ['protein-protein complex of the fifth and sixth (and probably seventh) components of complement']

entities_list: @entity503 :: ('MESH:D002738', 'Chemical') :: ['chloroquine']

entities_list: @entity617 :: ('MESH:D011239', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisolone']

entities_list: @entity8753 :: ('MESH:D001183', 'Disease') :: ['Arthus reaction']

answer: @entity6722 :: (MESH:C565534,Disease) :: ['chemotaxis']


abstract: PURPOSE: Dental impressions often carry microorganisms that may cause @entity580 from @entity1 to dental staff. The aim of the current study was to determine the effectiveness of 4 different disinfectant solutions on 3 commonly used impression materials--alginate, @entity11944 , and @entity11945 --to establish a protocol for disinfection of these impression materials after clinical exposure and prior to handling in the dental laboratory. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 45 impressions were taken from the maxillary dentate arches of 15 dental staff @entity1 at the Department of Dentistry, Prince Rashid Hospital, Irbid, Jordan. For each @entity1 , 3 successive impressions were recorded in the different impression materials. For each impression, 6 specimens were dissected from 6 different locations and exposed to 6 different regimens: 1 was left untreated, 1 was immersed in sterile water for 10 minutes to serve as a control, and the remaining 4 specimens were exposed to 4 different disinfection treatments (Dimenol, Perform-ID, MD 520, and Haz-tabs). Serial dilutions of the suspension were carried out and counted by the Miles-Misra technique (inoculation on Columbia blood agar for quantification). The dilutions were aerobically incubated at 37 degrees C for 48 hours. RESULTS: The disinfectants were able to completely eliminate microorganisms carried by the impressions. For those undisinfected specimens, the results showed that untreated alginate impressions appear to carry more microorganisms (P < .05) than the other 2 rubber impression materials used in the study. For those specimens immersed in sterile water for 10 minutes (control group), the number of microorganisms eliminated was increased from 62% to 90% compared to those left untreated. CONCLUSION: Impression materials may act as a vehicle for the transfer of microorganisms from the @entity1 's mouth to dental personnel. Impressions should be disinfected to eliminate the risk of cross contamination.

title: Antimicrobial effect of 4 disinfectants on alginate, XXXX , and @entity11945 impression materials.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'participant', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity11945 :: ('MESH:C034183', 'Chemical') :: ['polyvinyl siloxane']

entities_list: @entity11944 :: ('CHEBI:60550', 'Chemical') :: ['polyether']

entities_list: @entity580 :: ('MESH:D003428', 'Disease') :: ['cross infection']

answer: @entity11944 :: (CHEBI:60550,Chemical) :: ['polyether']


abstract: RATIONALE: Mechanotransduction and the response to biomechanical stress is a fundamental response in @entity299 . Loss of phosphoinositide 3-kinase ( @entity3115 )y, the isoform linked to G protein-coupled receptor signaling, results in @entity296 , but the response to pressure overload is controversial. OBJECTIVE: To characterize molecular and cellular responses of the PI3Ky knockout (KO) @entity19 to biomechanical stress. METHODS AND RESULTS: In response to pressure overload, PI3KyKO @entity19 deteriorated at an accelerated rate compared with wild-type @entity19 despite increased basal myocardial contractility. These functional responses were associated with compromised phosphorylation of Akt and @entity21042 . In contrast, isolated single cardiomyocytes from banded PI3KyKO @entity19 maintained their hypercontractility, suggesting compromised interaction with the extracellular matrix as the primary defect in the banded PI3KyKO @entity19 . b-Adrenergic stimulation increased @entity268 levels with increased phosphorylation of @entity15983 , leading to increased expression of @entity268 -responsive matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), @entity5780 , @entity5781 , and @entity5782 in cardiomyocytes and cardiofibroblasts. Loss of PI3Ky resulted in increased @entity268 levels with increased expression of @entity5780 , @entity5781 , and @entity5782 and increased @entity5780 activation and collagenase activity in response to biomechanical stress. Selective loss of @entity21043 from the adhesion complexes in the PI3KyKO @entity19 resulted in reduced cell adhesion. The b-blocker @entity1169 prevented the upregulation of MMPs, whereas MMP inhibition prevented the adverse remodeling with both therapies, preventing the functional deterioration in banded PI3KyKO @entity19 . In banded wild-type @entity19 , long-term @entity1169 prevented the adverse remodeling and @entity299 with preservation of the @entity21043 levels. CONCLUSIONS: The enhanced propensity to develop @entity712 in the PI3KyKO @entity19 is attributable to a @entity268 -dependent upregulation of MMP expression and activity and disorganization of the @entity21043 /b-catenin cell adhesion complex. b-Blocker therapy prevents these changes thereby providing a novel mechanism of action for these drugs.

title: Loss of PI3Ky enhances @entity268 -dependent MMP remodeling of the myocardial XXXX adhesion complexes and extracellular matrix in response to early biomechanical stress.

entities_list: @entity1169 :: ('MESH:D011433', 'Chemical') :: ['propranolol']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['increased myocardial contractility']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['systolic dysfunction', 'heart disease']

answer: @entity21043 :: (12558(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['N-cadherin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The purpose was to evaluate safety and efficacy of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) following extra-pleural pneumonectomy (EPP) for @entity3620 ( @entity3620 ). MATERIAL AND METHODS: @entity1 with @entity3620 of clinical stage I-III, which were macroscopic completely resected with EPP were eligible for this prospective study. The ipsilateral hemithorax was irradiated with a prescribed dose of 50.4   Gy. When the high-risk surgical margins or FDG-avid regions were identified, simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) with 56.0   Gy or 61.6   Gy was applied. RESULTS: Twenty-one @entity1 were enrolled. SIB was applied to five @entity1 . The planned IMRT fractions were completed in all, but four @entity1 who suffered from severe @entity1295 or radiation @entity55 . With a potential median follow-up of 6.3 years, overall survival was 37.5% at 3 years since the IMRT. The median survival time was 17.5 and 27.0 months since the IMRT and the initial treatment, respectively. Three @entity1 have survived for more than 5 years. Distant @entity3 was observed in 15 @entity1 . Local recurrence was also observed in 2 of the 15 @entity1 . Acute @entity137 of Grade 3 or worse were observed in 15 @entity1 , including 9 with hematological, 3 with @entity55 and 6 with @entity1295 , @entity390 or @entity391 . Five @entity1 developed Grade 3 or worse late @entity137 associated with IMRT, consisting of one with persistent Grade 4 @entity882 , one with @entity4798 and congestive @entity409 , and three with elevation of serum transaminase or biliary enzyme. No Grade 5 @entity137 was observed. @entity1 with N2 showed significantly worse survival than those with N0-1 (18.2% vs. 60.0% at 3 years, p   =   .014). CONCLUSION: IMRT following EPP achieved excellent local control for @entity3620 , that might lead to the long-term survival in selected @entity1 . However, treatment burden including acute and late @entity137 should be considered in this treatment approach.

title: Long-term outcomes of intensity-modulated radiotherapy following extra-pleural pneumonectomy for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4798 :: ('MESH:D020520', 'Disease') :: ['brain infarction']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonitis']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity3620 :: ('MESH:C562839', 'Disease') :: ['MPM', 'malignant pleural mesothelioma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity3620 :: (MESH:C562839,Disease) :: ['malignant pleural mesothelioma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Sustained @entity1165 ( @entity1165 ) and fibrillation (VF) occur in up to 20% of @entity1 with acute @entity583 ( @entity583 ) and have been associated with a poor prognosis. The relationships among the type of @entity943 ( @entity1165 versus VF or both), time of @entity1165 /VF occurrence, use of thrombolytic agents, and eventual outcome are unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS: In the GUSTO-I study, we examined variables associated with the occurrence of @entity1165 /VF and its impact on mortality. Of the 40 895 @entity1 with @entity943 data, 4188 (10.2%) had sustained @entity1165 , VF, or both. Older age, systemic @entity101 , @entity583 , Killip class, anterior @entity1188 , and depressed ejection fraction were associated with a higher risk of sustained @entity1165 and VF (P<0.001). In-hospital and 30-day mortality rates were higher among @entity1 with sustained @entity1165 /VF than among @entity1 without sustained @entity943 (P<0.001). Both early (<2 days) and late (>2 days) occurrences of sustained @entity1165 and VF were associated with a higher risk of later mortality (P<0. 001). In addition, @entity1 with both @entity1165 and VF had worse outcomes than those with either @entity1165 or VF alone (P<0.001). Among @entity1 who survived hospitalization, no significant difference was found in 30-day mortality between the @entity1165 /VF and no @entity1165 /VF groups. However, after 1 year, the mortality rate was significantly higher in the @entity1165 alone and @entity1165 /VF groups (P<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Despite the use of thrombolytic therapy, both early and late occurrences of sustained @entity1165 or VF continue to have a negative impact on @entity1 outcome; @entity1 with both @entity1165 and VF had the worst outcome; and among @entity1 who survived hospitalization, the 1-year mortality rate was significantly higher in those who experienced @entity1165 alone or @entity1165 and VF.

title: Sustained XXXX in @entity1 receiving thrombolytic therapy: incidence and outcomes. The GUSTO Investigators.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['VT', 'ventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'MI', 'previous MI']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular arrhythmia', 'ventricular arrhythmias', 'arrhythmia']

answer: @entity943 :: (MESH:D001145,Disease) :: ['ventricular arrhythmias']


abstract: In the normal developing hippocampus of the gerbil, @entity15537 -immunoreactive neurons first appear in the stratum pyramidale of @entity1400 at postnatal day 15 (P15), and in @entity7464 and hilus of the dentate gyrus from @entity3544 onwards. Immunoreactive terminals also follow the same sequence from @entity1400 to @entity1399 to reach adult patterns by the end of the 1st month. Calbindin D-28k immunoreactivity is seen in the external part of the upper blade of the dentate gyrus at P5, and progresses to the granule cell and molecular layers of the whole gyrus by P15, except for a thin band of immature cells located at the base of the granule cell layer which are calbindin negative. Calbindin immunoreactivity in mossy fibers progresses from the external to the hilar region of @entity1400 during the same period. A few immunoreactive cells are also found in the stratum radiatum/lacunare of the @entity1400 , but no calbindin-immunoreactive cells are observed in the @entity1399 and @entity7464 subfields. The adult pattern of calbindin immunoreactivity is reached at @entity3544 . Vulnerability following transient @entity63 for 20 min was examined in the hippocampal formation of gerbils during postnatal development. No cellular damage was seen in animals aged 7 days. Dying cells were observed at the base of the granule cell layer of the dentate gyrus in animals aged 15, 21 and 30 days. Pyramidal cells in the @entity1400 subfield were also sensitive to @entity63 in gerbils aged 15 days, and less frequently in animals aged 21 days. The adult pattern of cellular damage, characterized by selective vulnerability of the @entity1399 subfield, was seen from day 30 onwards.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Poor correlation between delayed neuronal death induced by transient @entity63 , and immunoreactivity for XXXX and calbindin D-28k in developing gerbil hippocampus.

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['forebrain ischemia', 'ischemia']

answer: @entity15537 :: (5816,Gene) :: ['parvalbumin']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity5 tissue may display a wide spectrum of expression phenotypes of @entity361 ( @entity361 )-related proteins. The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical significance of @entity361 phenotypes in @entity0 . METHODS: We evaluated the expression pattern of the @entity361 -related proteins @entity5962 and fibronectin in samples from 1,495 @entity1 with @entity0 ( @entity0 ) on tissue microarrays using immunohistochemistry to investigate the clinical significance of @entity361 phenotypes in @entity0 . @entity361 phenotypes were divided into complete type ( @entity5962 -negative/fibronectin-positive), incomplete type (hybrid type, E-cadherinpositive/fibronectin-positive; null type, @entity5962 -negative/fibronectin-negative), and wild-type ( @entity5962 -positive/fibronectin-negative). We analyzed the correlation of @entity361 phenotype with clinicopathological factors and @entity1 survival. RESULTS: Loss of @entity5962 was observed in 302 @entity1 (20.2%), and fibronectin was expressed in the @entity5 cells of 354 @entity1 (23.7%). In total, 64 (4.3%), 290 (19.4%), 238 (15.9%), and 903 (60.4%) samples were categorized as complete, hybrid, null, and wild-type, respectively. The complete @entity361 phenotype exhibited significant associations with young age (p=0.017), advanced pT (p<0.001) and pN (p<0.001) stages, higher histological grade (p<0.001), lymphovascular invasion (p<0.001), and triple negativity (p<0.001). @entity1 with complete and hybrid @entity361 phenotypes had poorer overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) than those with the wild-type phenotype (OS, p=0.001; DFS, p<0.001). In multivariate analysis, the hybrid @entity361 phenotype was an independent prognostic factor for DFS in @entity1 with @entity0 (p=0.032). CONCLUSION: @entity361 phenotypes exhibited significant associations with clinicopathological factors indicating aggressive biologic behavior and poor outcome in @entity1 with @entity0 .

title: Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Phenotype Is Associated with Clinicopathological Factors That Indicate Aggressive Biological Behavior and Poor Clinical Outcomes in Invasive XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['invasive breast carcinoma', 'breast cancer', 'IBC']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity361 :: ('MESH:C535700', 'Disease') :: ['EMT', 'epithelial-mesenchymal transition']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['Breast Cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Since 1968 it has been known that bone marrow transplantation can ameliorate severe @entity465 , but data on the long-term efficacy of this treatment are limited. We prospectively studied immunologic function in 89 consecutive @entity1 with severe @entity465 who received hematopoietic stem-cell transplants at Duke University Medical Center between May 1982 and September 1998. METHODS: Serum immunoglobulin levels and lymphocyte phenotypes and function were assessed and genetic analyses performed according to standard methods. Bone marrow was depleted of T cells by agglutination with @entity1460 lectin and by @entity742 -erythrocyte rosetting before transplantation. RESULTS: Seventy-seven of the @entity1 received T-cell-depleted, HLA-haploidentical parental marrow, and 12 received HLA-identical marrow from a related donor; 3 of the recipients of haploidentical marrow also received placental-blood transplants from unrelated donors. Except for two @entity1 who received placental blood, none of the recipients received chemotherapy before transplantation or prophylaxis against @entity2132 . Of the 89 @entity1 , 72 (81 percent) were still alive 3 months to 16.5 years after transplantation, including all of the 12 who received HLA-identical marrow, 60 of the 77 (78 percent) who were given haploidentical marrow, and 2 of the 3 (67 percent) who received both haploidentical marrow and placental blood. T-cell function became normal within two weeks after transplantation in the @entity1 who received unfractionated HLA-identical marrow but usually not until three to four months after transplantation in those who received T-cell-depleted marrow. At the time of the most recent evaluation, all but 4 of the 72 survivors had normal T-cell function, and all the T cells in their blood were of donor origin. B-cell function remained abnormal in many of the recipients of haploidentical marrow. In 26 @entity1 (5 recipients of HLA-identical marrow and 21 recipients of haploidentical marrow) between 2 percent and 100 percent of B cells were of donor origin. Forty-five of the 72 @entity1 were receiving intravenous immune globulin. CONCLUSIONS: Transplantation of marrow from a related donor is a life-saving and life-sustaining treatment for @entity1 with any type of severe @entity465 , even when there is no HLA-identical donor.

title: Hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation for the treatment of severe XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity465 :: ('MESH:D007153', 'Disease') :: ['combined immunodeficiency']

entities_list: @entity2132 :: ('MESH:D006086', 'Disease') :: ['graft-versus-host disease']

answer: @entity465 :: (MESH:D007153,Disease) :: ['combined immunodeficiency']


abstract: PURPOSE: To compare changes in corneal shape and in regular and irregular corneal @entity940 after 3.0- or 2.0-mm clear corneal incision @entity231 surgery (CICS) with those occurring after 3.0- or 2.0-mm scleral incision @entity231 surgery (SICS). DESIGN: Randomized, comparative clinical trials. @entity1 : Ninety @entity1 scheduled for bilateral @entity231 surgery were randomized to 1 of 2 groups: 3.0- or 2.0-mm CICS in the left eye and 3.0- or 2.0-mm SICS in the right eye or CICS in the right eye and SICS in the left eye. INTERVENTION: All @entity1 underwent CICS and SICS at the 9-o'clock meridian in fellow eyes. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Induced corneal @entity940 was determined using vector analysis, and the averaged changes in corneal shape and irregular @entity940 were examined using videokeratography before surgery and at 2 days and 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks after surgery. RESULTS: For the 3.0-mm incision, induced @entity940 was significantly greater in the CICS group than in the SICS group (P < or = 0.0329) at 2 weeks and later. The average of difference map on videokeratography in the CICS group showed a marked wound-related flattening and coupled steepening around the flattened area at 2 days after surgery, and these changes persisted for up to 8 weeks: the changes were markedly less in the SICS group. Among the irregular astigmatic components, higher-order irregularity in the CICS group was greater than that in the SICS group (P<0.0001). For the 2.0-mm incision, no significant difference was found between the CICS and SICS groups in induced @entity940 or in irregular astigmatic components. The average of difference map of the CICS group showed a slight wound-related flattening around the incision at 2 days after surgery, but this decreased by 2 weeks; the map of the SICS group showed little change. CONCLUSIONS: Changes in corneal @entity940 and shape after 2.0-mm CICS are virtually the same as those after 2.0-mm SICS, whereas those occurring after 3.0-mm CICS are significantly greater than those occurring after 3.0-mm SICS, which suggests that CICS is suitable for microincision @entity231 surgery. FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE(S): The author(s) have no proprietary or commercial interest in any materials discussed in this article.

title: Corneal shape changes after 2.0-mm or 3.0-mm clear corneal versus scleral tunnel incision XXXX surgery.

entities_list: @entity940 :: ('MESH:D001251', 'Disease') :: ['astigmatism']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PARTICIPANTS', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

answer: @entity231 :: (MESH:D002386,Disease) :: ['cataract']


abstract: Forty-two @entity1 with stage IIIA (bronchoscopically T3 and/or bulky N2) and stage IIIB @entity1149 were treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT). Treatment consisted of CDDP, 20 mg/m2 and @entity2879 , 40 mg/m2 by continuous infusion (day 1-5) of weeks 1 and 5 simultaneously with chest radiotherapy (RT), 50 Gy, 2 Gy/Fx, 5 Fx/week. Surgery was attempted 3-5 weeks after RT in pts clinically downstaged. Between 10/90 and 12/92, 43 previously untreated pts were enrolled and 42 were eligible. Pts characteristics were: male/female = 37/5; mean age, 61 yrs (range, 31-74 yrs); stage IIIA/IIIB = 10/32; 15 @entity420 , 24 squamous cell, 2 large cell, 1 unclassified; @entity10866 = 11/24/7. Excluding 1 ineligible pts, 42 pts were evaluated for CRT response. The response rate was 81% (1 CR, 33 PR, 5 NC, 1 PD, 2 NE). Clinical downstaging was achieved in 20 pts (48%). Twenty-one pts (50%) received surgery and 19 of them were completely resected. In 7 resection specimens, no @entity5 was observed. @entity137 of CRT was well tolerable (Grade 4 @entity1431 , 15%; Grade 2-3 @entity2910 , 15%). We conclude that this intensive combined modality therapy is acceptable and appears to increase the response rate as well as resectability. Prospective randomized studies should be conducted for further evaluation of this treatment modality.

title: [Concurrent chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery for advanced @entity5 ( XXXX )].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['Toxicity']

entities_list: @entity2910 :: ('MESH:D004941', 'Disease') :: ['esophagitis']

entities_list: @entity2879 :: ('MESH:D005047', 'Chemical') :: ['etoposide']

entities_list: @entity1431 :: ('MESH:D007970', 'Disease') :: ['leukopenia']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['NSCLC']


abstract: This case study used cognitive therapy to improve the life quality of a 46-year-old @entity1 with chronic @entity161 who had undergone a mastectomy for @entity0 . This case had suffered from @entity161 for over 24 years and was hospitalized in the chronic ward of our hospital. @entity0 was revealed during an annual comprehensive physical checkup. In May 2012, this case received a right mastectomy at a local hospital. After the surgery, she was readmitted to the @entity146 acute ward for further care from May 30th to August 28th, 2012. A holistic nursing assessment was conducted that addressed five major aspects. The major nursing problems found during hospitalization were: acute @entity158 , body image disturbance, and low self-esteem. A decline in @entity158 score from 10 to 4 was achieved by developing rapport with the @entity1 , empathizing with her distress, and providing active care to the wound. Her body image changed because of loosing her breast. Her acceptance of the loss improved through helping her to explore her feelings of change. To improve her self-esteem, we offered cognitive therapy to change her negative thinking process. She became more sanguine and cheerful. Moreover, her dependence in terms of activities of daily living decreased. This individualized intervention contributed to the recovery of a post-mastectomy, @entity161 @entity1 from low self-esteem.

title: [Nursing experience with a @entity0 XXXX after mastectomy].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['Breast cancer', 'breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia', 'schizophrenic']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 developing during pregnancy or lactation is such an infrequent problem that, when it occurs, physicians are confronted with ethical and therapeutic challenges. Moreover, there are very few references to compare or discuss @entity0 in pregnant @entity1 in Taiwan. We hope that data from this review will add to our understanding of such difficult problem as well as help improve the treatment of our @entity1 . METHODS: Between 1979 and 1988 the charts of 21 @entity1 , who were pregnant or postpartum within one year of the @entity0 , were analyzed retrospectively. All of the @entity1 were followed until Dec. 1990. @entity1 with pregnancy-associated @entity0 were compared with nonpregnant @entity1 (199 cases) of similar age who were treated at the same hospital and during the same period. RESULTS: We found no statistical differences in the overall 5-year survival rate between pregnant (57.1%) and nonpregnant (69.6%) groups. It is noteworthy that the time lag was significantly longer in the pregnant group than in the nonpregnant group. A stage-by-stage comparison showed equivalent survival rates between pregnant and nonpregnant @entity1 . The pregnant @entity1 at stage II had a somewhat lower survival rate; however, there was no statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS: The rule of @entity5 treatment, "early diagnosis followed by aggressive management," is still a key principle to improve the treatment in pregnant @entity1 with @entity0 .

title: XXXX and pregnancy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['Breast cancer', 'breast cancer diagnosis', 'breast cancer']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['Breast cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: To consider wrong intraocular lens (IOL) implant events in @entity231 surgical care reported through a national incident reporting database. To propose potential solutions for such events where possible. METHODS: Thematic retrospective review of wrong IOL implantation incidents, as reported through clinical incident reporting methods in NHS care in England and Wales from 2003 to 2010, ascertained from database mining at the National @entity1 Safety Agency. RESULTS: In total, 164 @entity1 safety incident (PSI) reports of wrong IOL implantation were located from the study period and considered. There were 47 reports where further surgical intervention was required. All, but one of these required IOL exchange surgery. A total of 62 reports did not provide any causal reason for the wrong IOL implantation and thus provide little if any potential learning. Inaccurate biometry (n=29), wrong IOL selection (n=21), transcription errors (n=10) and handwriting misinterpretations (n=7) were causal reasons reported and are thus potential areas for ophthalmic teams to review and improve practice. CONCLUSION: Although infrequent, biometry/IOL implant errors or wrong implants do occasionally occur during @entity231 care and are thus a threat to quality. There is room for improvement in incident reporting in NHS @entity231 care as root causation of error was usually lacking in the PSI reports. Nevertheless, lessons for improvement of care from a national incident reporting database for a frequently undertaken surgical procedure were found. Suggestions are proposed for improving quality by reducing wrong IOL problems in @entity231 care based on analysis of such reports.

title: Wrong intraocular lens implant; learning from reported XXXX safety incidents.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patient', 'patient']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: We examined 20 @entity1 undergoing coronary bypass grafting for @entity453 with NYHA classifications of II and III who had been treated with beta-blocking agents. @entity1 were randomised for administration of either @entity1425 (0.1 microgram/kg/min) or @entity11073 (bolus 1 mg/kg, continuous infusion of 5-10 micrograms/kg/min), if following cardiopulmonary bypass their cardiac index was < 2.4 L/min/m2 with normal peripheral resistance and normal or increased right- or left-ventricular filling pressures. Over a period of 1 hour, the hemodynamic parameters mean arterial pressure (MAP), cardiac index (CI), heart rate (HR), coronary perfusion pressure (CPP), total peripheral resistance (TPR), as well as the pressure-work index (PWI) were registered or calculated. By means of a coronary sinus catheter myocardial arterio-venous @entity26 content difference (AVDO2cor), @entity296 ( @entity296 ), using the thermodilution method, and myocardial @entity26 consumption (MVO2) could be measured or calculated. Simultaneously, arterial and myocardial @entity880 concentrations and, using the arterio-venous @entity880 ratio, myocardial @entity880 extraction or production were quantified. Using a transseptal approach, the left-ventricular pressure curve was measured and used to differentiate for @entity296 (dp/dtmax). Following induction of anesthesia and after cardiopulmonary bypass, plasma levels of the used beta-blocking agent were determined. Both substances caused a significant increase in @entity296 , with @entity1425 showing a more potent effect than @entity11073 . Both substances caused a significant increase in CI with a mild increase in HR. @entity11073 caused a significant drop in TPR, while MAP remained practically constant.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: The efficacy of @entity11073 or @entity1425 on low cardiac output following cardiopulmonary bypass in @entity1 with XXXX undergoing preoperative beta-blockade.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['MBF', 'myocardial contractility', 'myocardial blood flow']

entities_list: @entity1425 :: ('MESH:D004837', 'Chemical') :: ['adrenaline']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity11073 :: ('MESH:D000676', 'Chemical') :: ['amrinone', 'Amrinone']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

answer: @entity453 :: (MESH:D003324,Disease) :: ['coronary artery disease']


abstract: PURPOSE: Data collected during Phase I and II in the development of tirilazad were pooled and analyzed using nonlinear mixed effects models to assess covariates which might affect tirilazad pharmacokinetics. METHODS: Four single dose and five multiple dose studies in normal volunteers were combined with two multiple dose studies performed in @entity1 with @entity510 ( @entity510 ) to identify factors related to intersubject variability in clearance (CL) and central compartment volume (Vc). Data from 253 subjects, which consisted of 7,219 tirilazad concentrations, were analyzed. The effects of weight, gender, @entity1 versus volunteer status, and @entity3174 use were evaluated. RESULTS: Relative to male volunteers not receiving concomitant @entity3174 , significant effects on clearance included: a 46% increase in volunteers receiving @entity3174 , and an 82% increase in clearance associated with @entity510 @entity1 (all of whom received @entity3174 ). Significant effects on Vc were: a 26% increase for female volunteers not receiving @entity3174 , a 12% decrease for volunteers receiving concomitant @entity3174 , a 152% increase for male @entity510 @entity1 , and a 270% increase for female @entity510 @entity1 . Incorporating @entity1 covariate effects substantially reduced the interindividual variability (from 27.9% to 24.7% for clearance and from 48.2% to 37.5% for Vc). Residual variability was estimated at 66% coefficient of variation (CV) in @entity510 @entity1 and at 22-48% CV over the range of predicted concentrations in normal volunteers. CONCLUSIONS: The most important factors affecting tirilazad pharmacokinetics are the administration of @entity3174 (increased CL) and @entity510 (increased Vc and residual variability). The effect of gender on tirilazad pharmacokinetics was modest.

title: Population pharmacokinetics of tirilazad: effects of weight, gender, concomitant @entity3174 , and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3174 :: ('MESH:D010672', 'Chemical') :: ['phenytoin']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['SAH', 'subarachnoid hemorrhage']

answer: @entity510 :: (MESH:D013345,Disease) :: ['subarachnoid hemorrhage']


abstract: Preliminary data are reported on experience with newly developed @entity465 ( @entity465 ) antigens prepared from cultures of type 3 and type 9 @entity2820 and from Yersinia @entity7892 . Antigens were immunologically potent and not anti-complementary, thus making it possible to obtain satisfactory serologic tests. The results may be summarized as follows: 1. Yersinia @entity465 antigens do not react with sera from healthy blood donors. There was only one low titer reaction with type 9 antigen among more than 300 serum samples tested. 2. There was a high degree of correlation between results of the agglutination tests and those obtained by @entity465 . 3. There is no cross-reactivity by @entity465 among the three Yersinia antigens if @entity1 sera are tested. A complete crossing was, however, obtained between type 9 Yersinia and @entity6469 . 4. Hyperimmune sera frequently showed marked cross-reactivities in both @entity465 and agglutination tests. 5. @entity1 sera positive for various Salmonellae do not react in the @entity465 tests with Yersinia antigens. It is felt that the new @entity465 antigens may become an important tool for the detection of antibodies against @entity2820 in the diagnosis of @entity166 .

title: [Serodiagnosis of XXXX Yersinia infections. Preliminary results].

entities_list: @entity465 :: ('MESH:D007153', 'Disease') :: ['complement-fixing', 'CF']

entities_list: @entity6469 :: ('235', 'Species') :: ['Brucella abortus']

entities_list: @entity7892 :: ('MESH:D015012', 'Disease') :: ['pseudotuberculosis']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['infectious diseases']

entities_list: @entity2820 :: ('630', 'Species') :: ['Yersinia enterocolitica']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe the management of @entity2123 in a @entity1 and literature review. @entity1 : Sixteen-month-old male subject. INTERVENTION: Radiological imaging and surgery. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Facial nerve function. RESULTS: The @entity1 presented at 16 months with a right @entity3541 and was found to have a right facial nerve @entity130 . A transmastoid, middle fossa resection of the right @entity922 was undertaken with a successful facial nerve-to-hypoglossal nerve @entity254 . The @entity3541 improved postoperatively. CONCLUSION: A @entity130 should be considered in an @entity1 who presents with @entity3541 , even in the absence of an obvious history of @entity130 . The treatment of such lesion is complex in any age group but especially in young @entity1 . Symptoms, age, lesion size, growth rate, and @entity2103 determine the appropriate management.

title: Traumatic XXXX with @entity3541 presenting in infancy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'infant', 'patient', 'child', 'PATIENT']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['trauma', 'traumatic neuroma']

entities_list: @entity2123 :: ('MESH:D020220', 'Disease') :: ['traumatic neuroma of the facial nerve']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity2103 :: ('MESH:D005155', 'Disease') :: ['facial nerve function']

entities_list: @entity3541 :: ('MESH:D005158', 'Disease') :: ['facial palsy']

entities_list: @entity922 :: ('MESH:D013568', 'Disease') :: ['facial nerve lesion']

answer: @entity2103 :: (MESH:D005155,Disease) :: ['facial nerve neuroma']


abstract: We have used the isolated planar cortex of sea urchin eggs to examine the role of osmotic forces in exocytosis by morphological and physiological methods. Electron micrographs of rotary-shadowed replicas show an en face view of exocytosis and demonstrate fusion of @entity5222 to the underlying oolemma upon addition of @entity460 . Freeze-fracture replicas of rapidly frozen cortices reveal specialized attachment sites between @entity5222 and the oolemma, and between the @entity5222 themselves. We describe a novel light scattering assay for the kinetics of fusion which allows rapid changes of solutions and monitors exocytosis in real time. The rate and extent of fusion are found to be @entity460 dependent. The removal of @entity460 halts exocytosis. The validation of exocytosis in this system and development of tools for kinetic analysis allowed us to test predictions of the osmotic hypothesis of exocytosis: hyperosmotic media should inhibit exocytosis; @entity460 should cause @entity4 . Cortical @entity5222 were found to be permeant to @entity969 , @entity413 , and @entity1133 . In media made hyperosmotic with 1.7 M @entity969 , @entity5222 were seen to shrink. Addition of @entity460 in hyperosmotic media led to a 10-fold decrease in the rate of exocytosis compared with the isotonic rate. The rate, while triggered by @entity460 , was no longer @entity460 -dependent. This slowing of exocytosis allowed us to photograph the swelling of @entity5222 caused by @entity460 . Removal of @entity460 had no effect on subsequent exocytosis. Return of cortices to isotonic medium without @entity460 led to immediate exocytosis. These results are consistent with the idea that swelling of @entity5222 is required for fusion of biological membranes.

title: Exocytosis of sea urchin egg XXXX in vitro is retarded by hyperosmotic @entity969 : kinetics of fusion monitored by quantitative light-scattering microscopy.

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['vesicular swelling']

entities_list: @entity969 :: ('MESH:D013395', 'Chemical') :: ['sucrose']

entities_list: @entity5222 :: ('MESH:C567751', 'Disease') :: ['cortical vesicles', 'vesicles']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity5222 :: (MESH:C567751,Disease) :: ['cortical vesicles']


abstract: The lateral diffusion of 100 nm fluorescent latex microspheres ( @entity241 ) bound to either @entity18714 or the @entity4495 -linked protein @entity18715 were monitored in the plasmalemma of primary @entity35 fibroblasts by single particle tracking of @entity241 centroids from digital fluorescence micrographs. A @entity6619 intensified target camera was found to be superior to slow scan cooled CCD and intensified interline transfer CCD cameras for monitoring lateral diffusion of rapidly moving @entity241 with nanometer level precision. To estimate the maximum tracking precision, a 4 sec-sequence comprising 120 images of @entity241 fixed to a cover glass was obtained. The mean distance of the centroids from the origin was 7.5 +/- 0.4 nm, and no centroids were beyond 16 nm from the origin. The SIT camera was then used to track @entity241 attached to lipids and @entity18715 molecules on the surface of fibroblasts. The lateral diffusion of lipid-bound @entity241 was unconstrained, and the ensemble averaged diffusion coefficient was 0.80 x 10(-9) cm2/sec. @entity18715 -bound @entity241 existed in two mobility populations, both of which demonstrated constrained mobility. The rapidly moving population, comprising 61% of the total, had an ensemble diffusion coefficient of 6.1 x 10(-10) cm2/sec, and appeared to be restricted to domains with a mean length of about 700 nm. The slowly moving population, comprising about 39% of the total, had a diffusion coefficient of 5.7 x 10(-12) cm2/sec. These results demonstrate that nanovid can be extended to the realm of fluorescence microscopy and support previous studies indicating that while the lateral mobilities of at least some lipids are not constrained to small domains by barriers to lateral diffusion in the fibroblast plasmalemma, a peripheral membrane protein which is bound only by a lipid anchor can be prevented from diffusing freely.

title: Tracking movements of lipids and XXXX molecules in the plasmalemma of living fibroblasts by fluorescence video microscopy with nanometer scale precision.

entities_list: @entity18714 :: ('MESH:C072348', 'Chemical') :: ['N-biotinyl-phosphatidyl-ethanolamine']

entities_list: @entity4495 :: ('MESH:D017261', 'Chemical') :: ['glycosylphosphatidylinositol']

answer: @entity18715 :: (24832(Tax:10116),Gene) :: ['Thy1']