abstract: Experimental treatment strategies using @entity1 umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells (hUCB MNCs) represent a promising option for alternative @entity64 therapies. An important point for clinical translation of such treatment approaches is knowledge on the therapeutic time window. Although expected to be wider than for thrombolysis, the exact time window for hUCB MNC therapy is not known. Our study aimed to determine the time window of intravenous hUCB MNC administration after @entity2500 ( @entity2500 ). Male spontaneously @entity101 @entity35 underwent @entity2500 and were randomly assigned to hUCB MNC administration at 4, 24, 72, and 120 or 14 days. Influence of cell treatment was observed by magnetic resonance imaging on days 1, 8, and 29 following @entity2500 and by assessment of functional neurological recovery. On day 30, brains were screened for @entity66 development and presence of hUCB MNCs. Further, influence of hUCB MNCs on @entity39 and apoptosis in postischemic neural tissue was investigated in hippocampal slices cultures. Transplantation within a 72-h time window resulted in an early improvement of functional recovery, paralleled by a reduction of @entity1010 and diminished glial scarring. Cell transplantation 120 h post- @entity2500 only induced minor functional recovery without changes in the @entity1010 rate and glial reactivity. Later transplantation (14 days) did not show any benefit. No evidence for intracerebrally localized hUCB MNCs was found in any treatment group. In vitro hUCB MNCs were able to significantly reduce postischemic neural @entity39 and apoptosis. Our results for the first time indicate a time window of therapeutic hUCB MNC application of at least 72 h. The time window is limited, but wider than compared to conventional pharmacological approaches. The data furthermore confirms that differentiation and integration of administered cells is not a prerequisite for poststroke functional improvement and lesion size reduction.

title: Determination of the therapeutic time window for XXXX umbilical cord blood mononuclear cell transplantation following experimental @entity64 in @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['glial scar']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity2500 :: ('MESH:D020244', 'Disease') :: ['MCAO', 'middle cerebral artery occlusion']

entities_list: @entity1010 :: ('MESH:C566985', 'Disease') :: ['brain atrophy']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: The influence of @entity519 on @entity505 transport and root respiration was evaluated by applying [U-(14)C]sucrose to the foliage. Translocation patterns to the root systems of two dry edible bean genotypes ( @entity11297 .) were examined after a 3-day exposure to aerated and nonaerated environments. Localized @entity519 of root systems was simulated by growing roots in split configurations and exposing half of the system to anoxic conditions. @entity519 of the root system for 72 hours reduced the movement of @entity3209 label into the roots with concurrent accumulations in the hypocotyl region. The translocation of @entity3209 label to anoxic roots was less than 50% of the aerated controls of both genotypes. Most of the @entity3209 label translocated to anoxic root systems was excluded from respiratory metabolism during the 3-hour pulse/chase period and was an order of magnitude less than the aerated controls. These observations suggest that the bulk of @entity3209 label which entered the root during the anoxic period was unavailable for metabolism by the enzymes of glycolysis and/or was diluted by a relatively large metabolite pool. A higher percentage of @entity3209 label was translocated to the aerated half of the localized @entity519 treatment relative to the half of the aerated controls. The proportion of @entity3209 label translocated to the root system in the aerated control was 20 and 16% compared to 28 and 25% in the aerated localized @entity519 treatment for the genotypes Seafarer and line 31908, respectively. Line 31908 partitioned a greater percentage of @entity3209 -labeled compounds to the actively growing fraction of the root system in the localized @entity519 treatment than did Seafarer. This suggests a greater reliance on previously stored @entity1735 for immediate root growth in Seafarer than in line 31908.

title: @entity505 Transport and Root Respiration of Split Root Systems of XXXX Subjected to Short Term Localized @entity519 .

entities_list: @entity11297 :: ('3885', 'Species') :: ['Phaseolus vulgaris L']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['anoxia', 'Anoxia']

answer: @entity11297 :: (3885,Species) :: ['Phaseolus vulgaris']


abstract: BACKGROUND: During the years following menopause, @entity172 levels decline leading to accelerated @entity604 and an increased risk of @entity170 and @entity170 -related @entity174 . METHODS: Using a Markov model and decision analytic techniques, the long-term costs and outcomes of five treatment and secondary prevention strategies for @entity170 were compared: 'no intervention', @entity561 , @entity10210 , @entity562 , and @entity441 . The base case analysis examined postmenopausal (65 year old) osteoporotic @entity1 without prior @entity174 . Probabilistic sensitivity analysis (PSA) was used to incorporate the impact of parameter uncertainty, and deterministic sensitivity analysis (DSA) was used to compare alternative @entity1 populations and modeling assumptions. Life years and Quality Adjusted Life Years (QALYs) were used as measures of effectiveness. RESULTS: In the base case analysis, @entity562 was dominated by @entity10210 and @entity561 . @entity561 and @entity10210 were projected to have similar costs and QALYs, and the efficiency frontier was represented by 'no intervention', @entity10210 , @entity561 , and @entity441 (Can 32 571, Can 38 623 and Can 114 070 per QALY respectively). Alternative assumptions of @entity441 's impact on CHD and @entity0 , alternative discount rates and alternative @entity1 risk factors (e.g., starting age of therapy, CHD risk, and prior @entity174 risk) had significant impacts on the overall cost-effectiveness results for both the @entity171 and @entity441 . DISCUSSION: Using conventionally quoted benchmarks and compared to no therapy, @entity561 , @entity10210 , and @entity441 would all be considered cost-effective alternatives for treating @entity1 with @entity170 . Potential limitations of this study include the usual caveats and cautions associated with long-term projection models and the fact that not all inputs into the model are Canadian data sources.

title: Cost-effectiveness of alternative treatments for @entity1 with XXXX in Canada.

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'fracture']

entities_list: @entity171 :: ('MESH:D004164', 'Chemical') :: ['bisphosphonates']

entities_list: @entity561 :: ('MESH:D019386', 'Chemical') :: ['alendronate', 'Alendronate']

entities_list: @entity604 :: ('MESH:D016301', 'Disease') :: ['bone loss']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity10210 :: ('MESH:D012968', 'Chemical') :: ['etidronate']

entities_list: @entity562 :: ('MESH:C073008', 'Chemical') :: ['risedronate']

entities_list: @entity441 :: ('MESH:D020849', 'Chemical') :: ['raloxifene']

answer: @entity170 :: (MESH:D010024,Disease) :: ['osteoporosis']


abstract: For @entity6588 , a zoonosis caused by the gram-negative coccobacillus @entity5092 , research of the relation between @entity272 and @entity75 has not been reported in the literature. This report describes @entity272 and @entity75 and their mutual relation over time for @entity6588 in Japan. Around the second day after @entity281 (DAI), a subcutaneous @entity733 was observed ( @entity733 form). Hand and finger skin ulcers formed during the second to the fourth week. Subcutaneous and dermal @entity738 were observed with adjacent @entity8624 ( @entity8624 ) ( @entity733 -granulomatous form). From the sixth week, large @entity738 with central homogeneous lesions emerged diffusely (granulomatous form). On 2-14 DAI, F. tularensis antigen in @entity272 was detected in abscesses. During 7-12 DAI, abscesses with adjacent @entity8624 appeared without epithelioid @entity738 ( @entity733 form) in regional lymph nodes. During the second to fifth week, @entity738 appeared with @entity39 ( @entity733 -granulomatous form). After the sixth week, large @entity738 with a central homogeneous lesion (granulomatous form) appeared. F. tularensis antigen in @entity75 was observed in the @entity733 on 7-92 DAI. Apparently, @entity5092 penetrates the finger skin immediately after contact with infected hares. Subsequently, the @entity75 gradually transfers from skin to regional lymph nodes. The regional @entity75 induced by @entity272 are designated as @entity3329 . This study revealed temporal differences of onset among the skin and @entity75 .

title: Temporal differences of onset between primary XXXX and regional @entity75 for @entity6588 in Japan: a clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study of 19 skin cases and 54 lymph node cases.

entities_list: @entity3329 :: ('MESH:D008206', 'Disease') :: ['dermatopathic lymphadenopathy']

entities_list: @entity738 :: ('MESH:D006099', 'Disease') :: ['granulomas', 'granuloma']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['primary lesion', 'lymph node lesions']

entities_list: @entity5092 :: ('263', 'Species') :: ['Francisella tularensis', 'F. tularensis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity8624 :: ('MESH:D015448', 'Disease') :: ['monocytoid B lymphocytes', 'MBLs']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin lesion', 'skin lesions']

entities_list: @entity6588 :: ('MESH:D014406', 'Disease') :: ['tularemia']

answer: @entity272 :: (MESH:D012871,Disease) :: ['skin lesions']


abstract: We found a malignant @entity361 with myofibrogenic differentiation in the liver of a 110-week-old female B6C3F1 @entity19 used for a carcinogenicity study. Sclerous white patches (maximum size: 20 x 14 mm) were observed mainly in the median lobe of the liver at necropsy. Histologically, the @entity5 was composed of interlacing fascicles of spindle-shaped cells with oval or elongated nuclei and lightly eosinophilic cytoplasm. Tumor cells metastasized to the lung, parapancreatic lymph node, and spleen. Special staining revealed individual @entity5 cells surrounded by @entity34576 fibers and an abundant collagenous matrix. Immunohistochemically, the @entity5 cells were positive for @entity3111 , alpha-smooth muscle actin, and @entity11825 , but were negative for @entity2880 factor, @entity9675 , S-100, and cytokeratin. Electron microscopic examination revealed that the @entity5 cells contained prominent rough endoplasmic reticulum and thin filaments in the cytoplasm, although they lacked basal lamina, focal densities, or lipid droplets. Collagenous fibers were observed in the intercellular matrix. Thus, detailed histopathological examination suggested the origin of the present @entity5 to possibly be Ito cells within the @entity82 . This report provides additional histopathological evidence of @entity99 in @entity19 .

title: A primary @entity361 with myofibrogenic differentiation in a B6C3F1 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrous stroma']

entities_list: @entity34576 :: ('CHEBI:24750', 'Chemical') :: ['reticulin']

entities_list: @entity361 :: ('MESH:C535700', 'Disease') :: ['mesenchymal tumor']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['malignant hepatic nonepithelial tumors']

entities_list: @entity2880 :: ('MESH:D014842', 'Disease') :: ['von Willebrand']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: The efficacy of the fine needle aspiration biopsy and cytological examination (FNABC) under ultrasonographic (US) guides for the diagnosis of cervical @entity1600 was assessed. In one hundred and one @entity1 with a neck mass or masses, @entity1600 has been proved by FNABC. US disclosed the physical characteristics of the masses: All the cases that involved two or more lymph nodes were @entity75 . Eighty lesions (79.1%) were multiregional, and in 19 cases (18.8%), bilateral neck was involved. The posterior triangle of the neck was the most prevalent site (N = 69, 68.3%). Ninety two cases (90.9%) were @entity75 and 9 (9.1%) showed mixed echo patterns. There was no @entity75 (p < 0.001). The sensitivity of FNABC was 77.2% and the specificity was 99.0%. The diagnostic accuracy was 85.0%. There was no complication during the procedure. FNABC for the diagnosis of cervical @entity1600 is a safe, convenient procedure and has a relatively high specificity. The limitation of FNABC, the low sensitivity, seemed to be compensated by US examinations.

title: Diagnosis of cervical XXXX with fine needle aspiration biopsy and cytologic examination under ultrasonographic guides.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1600 :: ('MESH:D014388', 'Disease') :: ['tuberculous lymphadenitis']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['multiple lesions', 'hyperechoic lesion', 'hypoechoic lesions']

answer: @entity1600 :: (MESH:D014388,Disease) :: ['tuberculous lymphadenitis']


abstract: INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: In Spain @entity741 mortality was increasing prior to 1975 and has decreased since 1975. This trend is common to both genders. The goal of this paper is to separate the genetic, environmental and competitive risk factors influencing this evolution. METHODS: The Gompertz function was adjusted cross-sectionally to age-specific mortality due to @entity741 for each year from 1951 to 1992. The Gompertzian longitudinal analysis was applied to the coefficients obtained to estimate the effect due to environmental and competitive factors. RESULTS: @entity741 in Spain is a Gompertzian disease with an intersection point at 67 years for @entity1 and 40 years for @entity1 . Environmental factors were increasing before 1975 and have decreased since then. However, the competitive factors decreased in @entity1 since 1980 and in @entity1 since 1951 on. CONCLUSION: The evolution of risk factors (smoking, @entity1007 and @entity101 ) is responsible for the major proportion of @entity63 mortality changes. Treatment of @entity63 has a low influence.

title: [Gompertzian analysis of XXXX mortality in Spain, 1951-1992].

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity1007 :: ('MESH:D006937', 'Disease') :: ['hypercholesterolemia']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic disease', 'instaured ischemic disease']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['Ischemic heart disease', 'ischemic heart disease']

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['ischemic cardiopathy']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To present data from a series of 17 cases of @entity1494 . DESIGN: Clinical study. SETTING: A university hospital department of gynecology. @entity1 (S): Seventeen @entity1 complaining of @entity2531 . INTERVENTION(S): Diagnosis and resection of a bladder adenomyotic nodule. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Histologic analysis and postsurgical outcome. RESULT(S): Seventy-six percent of the @entity1 reported @entity1866 and pollakiuria, and 88% reported @entity1834 and @entity546 . Cystoscopy, intravenous pyelography, and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a nodular mass in the anterior fornix adjacent to the uterine wall, developed in the vesical muscularis and involving the vesical mucosa in all cases but one. The bladder nodule was associated with a rectovaginal nodule in six cases (35%). Because recurrence was noted soon after cessation of medical therapy, surgical excision was proposed. The vesical mucosa was found to be intact in almost all cases, so extramucosal laparoscopic excision was the method of choice. Histologic examination proved that 90% of the nodule consisted of smooth @entity121 . CONCLUSION(S): So-called @entity1494 is actually an adenomyotic nodule of the bladder which, from a histologic point of view, is similar to a rectovaginal adenomyotic nodule and frequently (35%) associated with it.

title: XXXX must be considered as bladder adenomyosis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENT']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bladder endometriosis']

entities_list: @entity1834 :: ('MESH:D004412', 'Disease') :: ['dysmenorrhea']

entities_list: @entity1866 :: ('MESH:D008599', 'Disease') :: ['menstrual mictalgia']

entities_list: @entity2531 :: ('MESH:D013001', 'Disease') :: ['menstrual urinary symptoms and/or pelvic pain']

entities_list: @entity546 :: ('MESH:D004414', 'Disease') :: ['dyspareunia']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['muscle hyperplasia']

answer: @entity1494 :: (MESH:D001745,Disease) :: ['Bladder endometriosis']


abstract: A @entity66 survey in Alexandria, Egypt determined the prevalence, seasonality, and household risk factors for Campylobacter-associated @entity294 in young @entity1 . The study population was 880 @entity1 (mean age = 9.8 months) presenting with @entity294 at one of two hospitals. A control group consisted of 1,079 healthy @entity1 (mean age = 8.8 months) attending two nearby vaccination clinics. The overall isolation frequencies for Campylobacter @entity5645 . were 16.8% for cases and 6.4% for the comparison group (p = 1 x 10(-8)). Other enteropathogens detected in diarrhoeal stools were: rotavirus (28.6%), @entity461 trophozoites (21.3%), enterotoxigenic @entity526 (8.7%), @entity2330 (3.9%), @entity5746 @entity5645 . (2.7%), and Shigella @entity5645 . (1.8%). There were few or no isolates of Aeromonas @entity5645 ., Vibrio @entity5645 ., @entity2550 @entity5645 ., or Plesiomonas @entity5645 . Comparisons among cases showed that Campylobacter @entity5645 . isolations were more prevalent during the rainy season (p = 0.001) and positively associated with keeping fowl in the home (p = 0.003) or having an outdoor source of drinking water (p = 0.029). Among Campylobacter-positive diarrhoeal @entity1 , 69.0% had faecal leukocytes present and 16.3% had bloody stools. @entity1 with @entity27134 were frequently co-infected with rotavirus (28.6%) or @entity461 (24.5%).

title: Campylobacter-associated XXXX in Egyptian @entity1 : epidemiology and clinical manifestations of disease and high frequency of concomitant infections.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhoeal disease']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhoea']

entities_list: @entity2330 :: ('5759', 'Species') :: ['Entamoeba histolytica']

entities_list: @entity27134 :: ('MESH:D002169', 'Disease') :: ['Campylobacter-positive diarrhoeal stools']

entities_list: @entity5746 :: ('MESH:D012480', 'Disease') :: ['Salmonella']

entities_list: @entity461 :: ('5741', 'Species') :: ['G. lamblia', 'Giardia lamblia']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

answer: @entity294 :: (MESH:D003967,Disease) :: ['diarrhoea']


abstract: 1. @entity15 is characterized by areas of @entity17 spread throughout the central nervous system, in which the myelin sheaths surrounding axons are destroyed. While therapies aimed at suppressing the autoimmune response, such as beta-interferon, may prevent further damage, they cannot repair or replace the lost myelin. To this end, an additional therapy has been proposed, which involves transplanting cells of the oligodendrocyte lineage into the central nervous system. 2. The cell of interest for transplantation is the oligodendrocyte precursor because, unlike the differentiated cell, it is an intrinsically migratory and proliferative cell. In order to optimize the transplant strategy we have investigated the molecular mechanisms that control migration in vitro, so that these mechanisms might be upregulated to maximize cell migration in vivo. We have focused on the integrin family of cell adhesion molecules, known to play a fundamental role in the regulation of migration in other cell types. 3. These studies show that oligodendrocytes express a limited repertoire of integrins consisting of alpha 6 @entity10483 and three different alpha v integrins. alpha 6 @entity10483 is expressed throughout development but alpha v integrins show developmental regulation; differentiation is accompanied by loss of @entity10483 and upregulation of @entity44560 . 4. Function-blocking studies show that oligodendrocyte precursor migration in vitro is mediated primarily by the developmentally regulated alpha v @entity2393 , but not alpha 6 @entity10483 or alpha v beta 3. Taken together with previous evidence that cell migration can be regulated by altering integrin expression, this work suggests that modifying expression levels of @entity10483 on oligodendrocyte precursors may increase the migratory capacity of these cells. If so, this would support a future therapeutic strategy aimed at transplanting genetically modified oligodendrocyte precursors to repair widespread demyelinated lesions.

title: Understanding the molecular basis of cell migration; implications for clinical therapy in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity17 :: ('MESH:D003711', 'Disease') :: ['demyelination']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['Multiple sclerosis']

answer: @entity15 :: (MESH:D009103,Disease) :: ['multiple sclerosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A 25-gauge transconjunctival sutureless vitrectomy ( @entity9100 ) has been reported effective. However, complications such as postoperative @entity1713 have been reported. In this study, we report four cases of @entity937 found after 25-gauge @entity9100 . In this study, we investigated factors contributing to occurrence of @entity260 . METHODS: Seventy-five @entity1 (75 eyes) underwent 25-gauge @entity9100 surgery at Kanazawa University hospital between April 2004 and September 2005. Postoperative follow-up monitoring was done for at least 3 months. The surgical charts were reviewed. RESULTS: Retinal breaks not accompanied by @entity1713 were noted postoperatively in four @entity1 . All four of these @entity1 had preoperative @entity937 . In all cases, there was no vitreous traction around the @entity937 was performed. One eye with age-related @entity1020 developed @entity1713 . No other complications were observed during the intraoperative and postoperative periods. CONCLUSION: Upon performing 25-gauge @entity9100 for macular hole repair, care should be taken to detect @entity937 and @entity1713 intraoperatively and postoperatively.

title: XXXX after 25-gauge transconjunctival sutureless vitrectomy: report of four cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity937 :: ('MESH:D012167', 'Disease') :: ['retinal breaks', 'retinal break and photo coagulation', 'idiopathic macular holes']

entities_list: @entity1713 :: ('MESH:D012163', 'Disease') :: ['intraoperative rhegmatogenous retinal detachment', 'retinal detachment']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity1020 :: ('MESH:D008268', 'Disease') :: ['macular degeneration']

answer: @entity937 :: (MESH:D012167,Disease) :: ['Postoperative retinal break']


abstract: <AbstractText Label="BACKGROUND" NlmCategory="BACKGROUND">Decreased heart @entity1168 V) is related to higher morbidity and mortality. In this study we evaluated the linear and nonlinear indices of the HRV in stable angina patients @entity951 t @entity1 ronary angiography. METHODS: We studied 77 unselected patients for ele @entity1 ronary angiography, which were divided into two groups: coronary artery @entity453 AD @entity453 oups. For @entity453 lysis of HRV indices, HRV was recorded beat by beat with the volunteers in the supine position for 40 minutes. We analyzed the linear indices in the time (SDNN [standard deviation of normal to normal], NN50 [total number of adjacent RR intervals with a difference of duration greater than 50ms] and RMSSD [root-mean square of differences]) and frequency domains ultra-low frequency (ULF)  <= 0,003 Hz, very low frequency (VLF) 0,003 - 0,04 Hz, low frequency (LF) (0.04-0.15 Hz), and high frequency (HF) (0.15-0.40 Hz) as well as the ratio between LF and HF components (LF/HF). In relation to the nonlinear indices we evaluated SD1, SD2, SD1/SD @entity15757 approxi @entity15757 e entropy (-ApEn), a1, a2, Lyapunov Exponent, Hurst Exponent, autocorrelation and dimension correlation. The definition of the cutoff point of the variables for predictive tests was obtained by the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve (ROC). The area under the ROC curve was calculated by the extended trapezoidal rule, assuming as relevant areas under the curve >=  0.650. RESULTS: Coronary arteria @entity453 t @entity1 ed values of SDNN, RMSSD, NN50, HF, SD1, SD2 and -Ap @entity15757 HF  <= 66 ms2, RMSSD  <= 23.9 ms, ApEn  <=-0.296 and NN50  <= 16 presented the best discriminatory power for the presence of significant coronary obstruc @entity301 suggest the use of Heart Rate Variability Analysis in linear and nonlinear domains, for prognostic purposes in patients with st @entity1 ina pectoris, @entity951 ir overall impairment.

title: Sensitivity, specificity and predictive values of linear and nonlinear indices of heart rate variability in stable XXXX @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary obstruction']

entities_list: @entity951 :: ('MESH:D000787', 'Disease') :: ['angina pectoris', 'angina']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['CAD', 'coronary artery disease', 'Coronary arterial disease']

entities_list: @entity1168 :: ('MESH:D001919', 'Disease') :: ['Decreased heart rate']

answer: @entity951 :: (MESH:D000787,Disease) :: ['angina']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Apart from compression therapy, physical therapy has scarcely been evaluated in the treatment of @entity102 ( @entity102 ). @entity11028 treatment is a popular way to administer physical therapy for @entity102 in France, but its efficacy has not yet been assessed in a large trial. The objective was to assess the efficacy of @entity11028 therapy for @entity1 with advanced CVD (CEAP clinical classes C4-C5). METHODS: This was a single-blind (treatment concealed to the investigators) randomized, multicenter, controlled trial (French @entity11028 resorts). Inclusion criteria were primary or post-thrombotic CVD with skin changes but no active @entity1066 (C4a, @entity9199 , or C5). The treated group had the usual 3-week @entity11028 treatment course soon after randomization; the control group had @entity11028 treatment after the 1-year comparison period. All @entity1 continued their usual medical care including wearing compression stockings. Treatment consisted of four balneotherapy sessions per day for 6 days a week. Follow-up was performed at 6, 12 and 18 months by independent blinded investigators. The main outcome criterion was the incidence of leg @entity1066 at 12 months. Secondary criteria were a modified version of the Venous Clinical Severity Score, a visual analog scale for leg symptoms, and the @entity4096 Questionnaire 2 and EuroQol 5D quality-of-life autoquestionnaires. RESULTS: Four hundred twenty-five subjects were enrolled: 214 in the treatment group ( @entity11028 ) and 211 in the control group (Ctr); they were similar at baseline regarding their demographic characteristics, the severity of the CVD, and the outcome variables. At 1 year, the incidence of leg @entity1066 was not statistically different ( @entity11028 : +9.3%; 95% confidence interval [CI], +5.6 - +14.3; Ctr: +6.1%; 95% CI, +3.2 - +10.4), whereas the Venous Clinical Severity Score improved significantly in the treatment group ( @entity11028 : -1.2; 95% CI, -1.6 - -0.8; Ctr: -0.6; 95% CI, -1.0 - -0.2; P = .04). A significant difference favoring @entity11028 treatment was found regarding symptoms after 1 year ( @entity11028 : -0.03; 95% CI, -0.57 - +0.51; Ctr: +0.87; 95% CI,+0.46 - +1.26; P = .009). EuroQol 5D improved in the treatment group ( @entity11028 : +0.01; 95% CI, -0.02 - +0.04) while it worsened (Ctr: -0.07; 95% CI, -0.10 - -0.04) in the control group (P < .001). A similar pattern was found for the @entity4096 Questionnaire 2 scale ( @entity11028 : -2.0; 95% CI, -4.4 - +0.4; Ctr: +2.4; 95% CI, +0.2 - +4.7; P = .008). The control @entity1 showed similar improvements in clinical severity, symptoms, and quality of life after their own @entity11028 treatment (day 547). CONCLUSIONS: In this study, the incidence of leg @entity1066 was not reduced after a 3-week @entity11028 therapy course. Nevertheless, our study demonstrates that @entity11028 therapy provides a significant and substantial improvement in clinical status, symptoms, and quality of life of @entity1 with advanced @entity4096 for at least 1 year.

title: A multicenter randomized controlled trial evaluating balneotherapy in @entity1 with advanced chronic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic venous disorders', 'CVDs']

entities_list: @entity4096 :: ('MESH:D014689', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic Venous Insufficiency', 'venous insufficiency']

answer: @entity4096 :: (MESH:D014689,Disease) :: ['venous insufficiency']


abstract: We report a new case of @entity2460 ( @entity2460 ) of the liver, an extremely rare @entity5 . Including the present case no more than ten cases are reported in the English-language literature. To date there is no definite proof of the origin of this @entity5 . Both mesothelial and fibroblas-tic genesis has been postulated. The monoclonal antibody @entity2280 has recently been used for the characterization of @entity2460 . @entity2460 would appear to be histogenetically related to a @entity2280 - positive fibroblastic stem cell. A 61-year-old @entity1 was admitted to our department with @entity19138 and right hypochondriac @entity158 , @entity353 , and @entity4053 . Ultrasonography and computed tomography demonstrated a large heterogeneous mass in the right hepatic lobe. A right hepatectomy was performed. The @entity5 weighed 2850 g and microscopic section revealed a peculiar random pattern, the so-called patternless pattern of spindle @entity5 cells separated by abundant thick collagen bands. The @entity5 presented a number of highly cellular areas composed of plump spindle cell with hyperchromatic nuclei and rare mitotic figures. Ninety percent of the neoplastic cells displayed strong immunoreactivity for @entity2280 /My 10. The postoperative course was uneventful and the @entity1 is alive and well without recurrence 6 years after surgery.

title: XXXX of the liver with @entity2280 positivity and @entity4053 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'neoplasm']

entities_list: @entity19138 :: ('MESH:C537170', 'Disease') :: ['epigastric']

entities_list: @entity4053 :: ('MESH:D007003', 'Disease') :: ['hypoglycemia']

entities_list: @entity2460 :: ('MESH:D054364', 'Disease') :: ['SFT', 'solitary fibrous tumor']

answer: @entity2460 :: (MESH:D054364,Disease) :: ['Solitary fibrous tumor']


abstract: Anatomical and physiological considerations specific to newborn @entity1 with @entity154 directly affect the timing and nature of surgical intervention during the neonatal period. This paper uses @entity354 as an example of a common neonatal thoracic condition to highlight the way in which these considerations have influenced the approach to their surgical management. The type of surgical approach employed during thoracotomy determines the likelihood of subsequent chest wall deformity: an intercostal approach is preferable to rib resection. Multiple thoracotomies adversely affect the chest wall appearance and lung function. In premature @entity1 with @entity649 syndrome early surgical closure of the @entity292 is advantageous, and gastrostomy alone often prolongs the ventilatory difficulties. The upper oesophagus can be extensively mobilized with little danger to its blood supply, whereas the lower oesophagus, because it receives a segmental supply, is more vulnerable to ischaemia. The severity and distribution of @entity825 is reflected in its symptomatology. @entity825 often coexists with @entity354 , which should be corrected by a fundoplication if respiratory symptoms persist or an oesophageal stricture develops. The numerous factors producing @entity393 in the newborn during thoracotomy are discussed. It is clear that an understanding of the anatomy and physiological changes which occur in the neonate is required if these @entity1 are to be treated effectively and safely.

title: Influence of anatomy and physiology on the management of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['congenital thoracic abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity825 :: ('MESH:D055090', 'Disease') :: ['tracheomalacia', 'Tracheomalacia']

entities_list: @entity649 :: ('MESH:D012128', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory distress']

entities_list: @entity292 :: ('MESH:D005402', 'Disease') :: ['tracheo-oesophageal fistula']

entities_list: @entity354 :: ('MESH:D005764', 'Disease') :: ['gastro-oesophageal reflux', 'oesophageal atresia']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['heat loss']

answer: @entity354 :: (MESH:D005764,Disease) :: ['oesophageal atresia']


abstract: Fifty-three @entity1 , including 32 @entity1 with @entity309 ( @entity309 ) (a study group) and 21 individuals (a control group), were examined. In the study and control group, the @entity1 ' mean age was 49 +/- 7.4 and 47 +/- 9 years, respectively. The coronary arteries were examined using a GE LightSpeed VCT 64-slice computed tomograph. Coronary @entity460 was measured by SmartScore software; @entity460 index was determined by the Agatston score. Coronary artery changes were diagnosed in 44 and 19% in the study and control groups, respectively. @entity729 was detected in 27% of the @entity1 with @entity309 . In the latter, there was a predominance of multiple coronary artery lesions with more severe @entity850 and a number of @entity731 . Hemodynamically relevant stenoses were diagnosed only in @entity1 with @entity309 . @entity453 was found to be associated with the duration of menopause, the higher levels of total @entity165 and low-density lipoproteins, the lower levels of @entity224 dismutase, the high activity of @entity309 and the number of involved joints. The degree of @entity3979 is associated with the level of systolic blood pressure.

title: [The coronary arteries and the determinants of @entity453 in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3979 :: ('MESH:D023921', 'Disease') :: ['coronary stenosis']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['Coronary artery atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity729 :: ('MESH:D061205', 'Disease') :: ['Coronary artery calcification']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerotic plaques']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity309 :: (MESH:D001172,Disease) :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: The authors are interested in determining the diagnostic and surgical approach followed in different Italian institutions in the treatment of @entity420 of the head of the pancreas, whenever the spleno-mesenteric-portal confluence is invaded. METHODOLOGY: A 10-item questionnaire was sent to 21 Italian Centers of Surgical Oncology and a total of 1185 @entity1 treated with pancreaticoduodenectomy were collected from 15 centers. Among them, 164 spleno-mesenteric-portal vein (SMPV) resections were performed. RESULTS: In all collaborative centers, the diagnostic work-up is comparable with what is reported in the literature. An accurate pre- and intra-operative staging and a differential diagnosis between inflammatory and neoplastic involvement of the vessel walls is universally considered essential for its surgical and oncological implications. If vessel involvement is ruled out, 7 centers proceed to pancreasectomy anyway. Direct end-to-end vein reconstruction is used as the primary procedure, but interposition of PTFE and autologous vein grafting may be used. An overall 4.8% post-operative complications only have been reported. Mean perioperative mortality reported is 3.8% (0-11.5%) and morbidity is 22.8% (4.7-57%). Survival rate is 10 months overall. The mean actuarial 5-year survival is 12%. CONCLUSIONS: The attitude of the collaborative centers in cases of SMPV involvement varies, with a slight majority favoring a conservative behavior. Surgical resection extended to the vessels is still uncommon, even in centers mostly experienced in surgery of the pancreas. We believe that vascular resections can be safely performed in both of the different conditions: localized @entity5 locally invading the vessels and @entity5 with massive invasion of the peripancreatic structures. We share with others the opinion that, in experienced centers, extensive resections should have a role for palliation of @entity788 whenever they offer a better quality of life, although life expectancy may not be positively influenced.

title: Surgical treatment of XXXX invading the spleno-mesenteric-portal vessels. An Italian Multicenter Survey.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma of the pancreas']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplasms', 'tumors']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatic tumors']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Generalized @entity203 are characterized by acute onset of aseptic pustules in febrile @entity1 with @entity491 after exposure to the offending drug. They have been regarded as uncommon manifestations of @entity137 . Until now few confirmation studies have been carried out. OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to describe a series of @entity1 with generalized pustular drug eruption. The diagnosis and etiological role of drugs in these cases was confirmed by two in vitro tests, namely the @entity6785 ( @entity6785 ) and the @entity5310 ( @entity5310 ) tests. METHODS: The clinical, pathological and laboratory findings in six @entity1 with generalized @entity203 were studied prospectively. The @entity6785 and @entity5310 tests were performed with the drugs taken by the @entity1 . RESULTS: The dermatological manifestations included numerous pustules on large erythematous areas, papules and @entity9374 . The @entity203 developed between 12 h and 5 days after the administration of the provoking drug. The histopathological changes were characterized by subcorneal pustules, papillary @entity4 and mixed cell inflammatory infiltrate. In two biopsies the infiltrate displayed numerous eosinophils. Laboratory investigations revealed @entity491 with @entity4795 (4 of 6 @entity1 ) and @entity1712 and @entity4754 E (2 of 6 @entity1 ). @entity5310 tests with the suspected drugs ( @entity869 , @entity7048 , @entity803 , @entity3101 , Enalapril Maleate) were positive in all @entity1 . Positive @entity6785 results were seen in five of the six @entity1 . Withdrawal of the drug led to fast recovery. CONCLUSION: The diagnosis of @entity203 depends on circumstantial evidence, some characteristic clinicopathological findings and exclusion of alternative diagnoses of other disseminated @entity203 . In vitro tests, namely @entity6785 and @entity5310 tests, are a useful diagnostic aid in the identification of the offending drugs.

title: Generalized XXXX : confirmation by in vitro tests.

entities_list: @entity1712 :: ('MESH:D004802', 'Disease') :: ['eosinophilia']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['adverse drug reactions']

entities_list: @entity7048 :: ('MESH:D002437', 'Chemical') :: ['Cefazolin']

entities_list: @entity5310 :: ('MESH:D008415', 'Disease') :: ['MCD', 'mast cell degranulation']

entities_list: @entity3101 :: ('MESH:D006118', 'Chemical') :: ['Griseofulvin']

entities_list: @entity203 :: ('MESH:D003875', 'Disease') :: ['pustular drug eruptions', 'pustular eruption', 'pustular eruptions']

entities_list: @entity6785 :: ('4282', 'Gene') :: ['MIF', 'macrophage migration inhibitory factor']

entities_list: @entity4754 :: ('MESH:D006942', 'Disease') :: ['hyperimmunoglobulinemia']

entities_list: @entity869 :: ('MESH:D000667', 'Chemical') :: ['Ampicillin']

entities_list: @entity803 :: ('MESH:D013752', 'Chemical') :: ['Tetracycline']

entities_list: @entity4795 :: ('MESH:C563010', 'Disease') :: ['neutrophilia']

entities_list: @entity491 :: ('MESH:D007964', 'Disease') :: ['leukocytosis']

entities_list: @entity9374 :: ('MESH:D004892', 'Disease') :: ['erythema multiforme-like lesions']

answer: @entity203 :: (MESH:D003875,Disease) :: ['pustular drug eruptions']


abstract: Vascular involvement in @entity195 is rare and may cause life-threatening complications. We report on 3 @entity1 who presented with vascular problems in the course of the illness. (1) A 37-year-old @entity1 suffered @entity438 ( @entity3880 ) 3 years after the first symptoms of @entity195 ( @entity195 ) had been noted. They completely regressed under three-month high-dose corticosteroid therapy and remission has lasted now for 2 years. (2) The second @entity1 , a 22-year-old @entity1 , developed 2 vascular complications of @entity195 : first (1986-1987), he was shown to have a @entity50 which resolved under @entity229 and oral anticoagulation therapy. Then (1988) he presented with multiple large @entity3880 and high fever. Despite marked radiological regression of the multiple @entity3880 under high-dose @entity229 treatment, he remained symptomatic. Repeated hemoptysis in September 1988 prompted us to add @entity205 in a dosage providing whole blood levels of 250-350 ng/ml. Four months later pulmonary radiological studies had normalized, but manifestations of @entity195 on the skin and mucosa remained unchanged. 7 months after starting Cy A therapy the @entity1 died suddenly of massive hemoptysis. (3) The third @entity1 , a 23-year-old Spanish immigrant, had a diagnosis of @entity195 when presenting with sinus @entity715 . Later he underwent surgery 3 times for @entity2849 which developed at the site where he had been punctured for angiography.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Rare vascular complications of XXXX (so-called angiobeh  et)].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients', 'patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporine A']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["Beh  et's disease", 'BD']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity50 :: ('MESH:D012851', 'Disease') :: ['sinus venous thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity2849 :: ('MESH:D017541', 'Disease') :: ['false aneurysms of the common femoral artery']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['multiple pulmonary artery aneurysms']

answer: @entity195 :: (MESH:D000544,Disease) :: ['Beh  et's disease']


abstract: We introduce a new treatment strategy (multi-ablation therapy) for advanced @entity157 ( @entity157 ). The therapy consists of radio-frequency ablation (RFA), microwave coagulation therapy (MCT) and @entity1068 injection therapy (EIT). We assessed the efficacy of the therapy in 20 @entity1 with advanced @entity5462 , including 10 @entity1 with stage III and 10 @entity1 with stage IV. The average @entity5 diameter was 3.6 cm (max: 6.6 cm) and the average @entity5 number was 3.6 (max: 11). RFA, MCT and EIT were performed in 20, 14 and 9 cases, respectively. A percutaneous, endoscopic and open approach was applied in 2, 11 and 7 cases, respectively. The average number of times treated on initial admission was 1.1. The response rate, calculated by the @entity5 @entity39 effect, was 100%. The cumulative two-year recurrent rate in the treated sites was 33% and the 2-year cumulative survival rate was 90%. Complications were encountered in two @entity1 ( @entity1578 and pyothorax). Multi-ablation therapy provides an excellent prognosis for advanced @entity157 @entity1 whose condition could not be controlled with conventional therapeutic modalities.

title: [A promising new treatment strategy for advanced @entity157 --"multi-ablation therapy" consisting of radio-frequency ablation (RFA), microwave coagulation therapy (MCT) and XXXX injection therapy (EIT)].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity1578 :: ('MESH:D017093', 'Disease') :: ['liver failure']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'hepatocellular carcinoma']

answer: @entity1068 :: (MESH:D000431,Chemical) :: ['ethanol']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Results of several studies investigating associations between systemic bone density and @entity922 ( @entity922 ) of the soft tissue surrounding the teeth have varied. We investigated these associations in a relatively large study while evaluating potential confounding factors and effect modification by @entity1608 and age. METHODS: In a cross-sectional study of 1,329 postmenopausal @entity1 recruited from the Buffalo @entity1 's Health Initiative Observational Study, systemic bone density was measured at the spine, hip, forearm, and whole body by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, and a complete oral health examination was conducted. RESULTS: We found the strongest associations between systemic bone density and @entity922 among @entity1 without @entity1608 . Results were adjusted for age, cigarette smoking, education, and time since last dental cleaning. Presence or absence of @entity1608 was a strong effect modifier. Among @entity1 without @entity1608 , there were consistent inverse associations between systemic @entity79 ( @entity79 ) and @entity922 (total forearm @entity79 beta=-1.308; P=0.001). Among @entity1 with @entity1608 , there were no associations between systemic @entity79 and @entity922 (total forearm @entity79 beta=-0.153; P=0.677). CONCLUSIONS: Our results provide evidence of an association between @entity170 and one measure of periodontal disease severity, @entity922 . The associations between bone density, @entity922 , and @entity1608 require further research, particularly in longitudinal studies.

title: Clinical attachment loss, systemic bone density, and @entity1608 in postmenopausal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity1608 :: ('MESH:D002137', 'Disease') :: ['subgingival calculus']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone mineral density', 'BMD']

entities_list: @entity922 :: ('MESH:D013568', 'Disease') :: ['CAL', 'clinical attachment loss']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: AIMS: Poorly differentiated @entity1352 (PDSS) is a round cell sarcoma that may be difficult to distinguish from other round cell @entity242 , such as peripheral primitive @entity5 (pPNET), on histological examination alone. Furthermore, these two @entity5 may show overlapping immunophenotypes, as some cases of PDSS express @entity3778 , and, on the other hand, pPNET may express epithelial markers. The goal of this study was to determine the utility of cytokeratin (CK) subsets in distinguishing between these two lesions. METHODS AND RESULTS: We evaluated 13 cases of pPNET with RT-PCR detected EWS/ @entity21468 fusion transcript and 21 cases of PDSS for the immunohistochemical expression of @entity5822 and @entity4166 . All cases of PDSS had areas of recognizable monophasic or biphasic @entity1352 that expressed at least one epithelial marker. Thirteen of 21 (62%) PDSS stained with @entity1325 / @entity1326 . @entity5822 and 19 were expressed in 11 (52%) and nine (43%) cases, respectively. Although six of 19 (32%) PDSS demonstrated cytoplasmic staining for @entity3778 , none showed a membranous pattern of immunoreactivity. In contrast, 12 of 13 (92%) pPNET showed strong membranous immunoreactivity for @entity3778 . Four @entity5 (31%) showed focal staining with @entity1325 / @entity1326 , two of which (15%) stained for @entity4166 . @entity5822 was not detected in any of the pPNETs. CONCLUSIONS: Although @entity1325 / @entity1326 may be found in up to 31% of cases of pPNET, the expression of @entity5822 makes this diagnosis less likely.

title: Utility of cytokeratin subsets for distinguishing poorly differentiated @entity1352 from peripheral primitive XXXX .

entities_list: @entity242 :: ('MESH:D012509', 'Disease') :: ['sarcomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours', 'neuroectodermal tumour']

entities_list: @entity1352 :: ('MESH:D013584', 'Disease') :: ['synovial sarcoma']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['neuroectodermal tumour']


abstract: Thirty-nine @entity1 with medically refractory sustained monomorphic @entity1165 ( @entity1165 ) due to @entity453 underwent map-guided cryosurgery. Locations of prior @entity583 had been inferior in 22, anterior in 16 and combined in 1. Mean age was 61 +/- 9 years and the mean number of drug trials per @entity1 before surgery was 3.8 +/- 1.4. Intraoperative endocardial mapping induced 67 @entity591 in 35 @entity1 . Each @entity1 received 6 to 18 (11 +/- 3) endocardial cryothermic applications (15 mm, -60 degrees C, 2 minutes) at areas of earliest activation during @entity1165 . Encircling endocardial cryoablation was performed in 4 @entity1 who had unsuccessful mapping. In addition, 11 @entity1 had subendocardial resection of their well-demarcated @entity2318 as well as cryosurgery. There were 2 in-hospital deaths. At postoperative programmed ventricular stimulation, 28 of the 37 @entity1 (76%) had no inducible or spontaneous @entity1165 before hospital discharge. Six @entity1 (16%) with spontaneous or inducible @entity1165 had a single morphology and were controlled with antiarrhythmic drugs that had previously failed. Therefore, surgery alone or in combination with drugs was efficacious in 92% of the population surviving surgery. The remaining 3 @entity1 (8%) received automatic implantable cardioverter defibrillators. No significant difference in surgical outcome was seen between @entity1 who had cryosurgery alone and those who had subendocardial resection together with cryoablation. Mean left ventricular ejection fractions before and after surgery were 33 and 39%, respectively (p less than 0.01). Clinical follow-up ranged from 2 to 36 months (18 +/- 12). One @entity1 died of @entity712 and another underwent heart transplantation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Cryoablation of refractory sustained XXXX due to @entity453 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['VT', 'ventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarctions']

entities_list: @entity2318 :: ('MESH:D002921', 'Disease') :: ['septal scars']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardias']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

answer: @entity1165 :: (MESH:D017180,Disease) :: ['ventricular tachycardia']


abstract: @entity5379 ( @entity5379 , also known as gelatinase A and B) have been implicated in a number of @entity2194 , but their possible involvement in lens pathology is yet to be determined. In the present study, we therefore investigated a possible role of matrix metalloproteinases in @entity231 and @entity3236 . Whole porcine lenses were removed from the eye and cultured in either Eagles Minimum Essential Medium (EMEM) or EMEM supplemented with 1 m M @entity273 . The medium was sampled and changed every 2 days. On some occasions a sham @entity231 operation was performed on cultured lenses. The resulting capsular bag was secured to a Petri dish and cultured in EMEM. Culture media from all preparations were analysed for @entity1476 and 9 activity by gelatin zymography. Media samples from lenses which maintained clarity over the 6 day culture period did not display any detectable gelatinolytic activity. However, media from cataractous lenses demonstrated a gelatinolytic band, which had similar molecular weights to the pro-form of @entity1476 . In addition to this band, bands with a similar molecular weight to pro-MMP-9 and its dimeric form were also detected in samples obtained from capsular bag preparations within 24 hr. The data presented indicate that normal lenses have undetectable gelatinase activity. However, there is an associated expression of gelatinases with pathological states of the lens, and therefore gelatinase expression could play an important role in cataractogenesis and @entity3236 .

title: Induction of XXXX following stress to the lens.

entities_list: @entity2194 :: ('MESH:D005128', 'Disease') :: ['eye diseases']

entities_list: @entity5379 :: ('4313;4318', 'Gene') :: ['Matrix metalloproteinase 2 and 9', 'MMP-2 and 9']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

entities_list: @entity273 :: ('MESH:D006861', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrogen peroxide']

entities_list: @entity3236 :: ('MESH:D058442', 'Disease') :: ['posterior capsule opacification']

answer: @entity5379 :: (4313;4318,Gene) :: ['matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9']


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: A case-control study using magnetic resonance imaging and plain radiography to evaluate whether a family history of @entity890 is a risk factor for @entity1797 . OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the significance of a family history of operated @entity890 in the development of @entity1798 . SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: There are only a few epidemiologic studies indicating that a family history of @entity890 is a risk factor for juvenile disc herniation. Recently, similarities in degenerative findings of the lumbar spine between identical twins have been reported. METHODS: In the case group, 24 @entity1 who were the immediate relatives of @entity1 who had undergone surgery for disc herniation and who presented or had a history of @entity1643 and/or unilateral leg @entity158 were included. Control individuals included 72 age- and gender-matched outpatients who reported @entity158 without a family history of operated disc herniation. The incidence, level, and topographic location of disc herniation/diffuse bulge; the incidence and grade of @entity1797 observed on magnetic resonance images; and degenerative changes suggesting @entity1797 observed on plain radiographs were compared between the relatives of @entity1 with disc herniation (cases) and the controls. RESULTS: The incidence of @entity1797 at L4-L5 and L5-S1 in cases (L4-L5, 18/24; L5-S1, 18/24) and controls (L4-L5, 45/72; L5-S1, 43/72) was similarly high. However, the grade of @entity1797 according to magnetic resonance imaging signal intensity on the T2-weighted sagittal image using Schneiderman's four-grade classification was significantly more severe in cases (L4-L5: Grade 1, 6/24; Grade 2, 4/24; Grade 3, 13/ 24; Grade 4, 1/24; L5-S1: Grade 1, 6/24; Grade 2: 3/24, Grade 3: 12/24, Grade 4: 3/24) than in controls (L4-L5: Grade 1, 27/72; Grade 2, 24/72; Grade 3, 20/72; Grade 4, 1/72; P = 0.034; L5-S1: Grade 1, 29/72; Grade 2, 23/72; Grade 3, 13/72; Grade 4, 7/72; P = 0.023; Mann-Whitney U test). The incidence of disc herniation/diffuse bulge at L4-L5 (16/24) and L5-S1 (11/24) in cases was higher than that in controls (L4-L5, 33/72; P = 0.07; L5-S1, 17/ 72; P = 0.04; chi-square test). CONCLUSION: The current study provided evidence that a family history of operated @entity890 has a significant implication in @entity1798 . There may be a genetic factor in the development of @entity890 as an expression of @entity1797 .

title: Familial predisposition for XXXX . A case-control study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1643 :: ('MESH:D017116', 'Disease') :: ['low back pain']

entities_list: @entity1797 :: ('MESH:D055959', 'Disease') :: ['disc degeneration']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['low back pain and/or leg pain', 'pain']

entities_list: @entity1798 :: ('MESH:C535531', 'Disease') :: ['lumbar disc degeneration and lumbar disc herniation', 'lumbar degenerative disc disease']

entities_list: @entity890 :: ('MESH:D007405', 'Disease') :: ['intervertebral disc herniation', 'lumbar disc herniation']

answer: @entity1798 :: (MESH:C535531,Disease) :: ['lumbar degenerative disc disease']


abstract: The @entity14731 gene is a core @entity14731 factor that plays an essential role in generating circadian rhythms. In the present study, it was investigated whether the @entity14731 gene affects the response to @entity107 ( @entity108 )-induced @entity137 using @entity19 primary hepatocytes. @entity108 -induced @entity137 , after 24h exposure, was caused by apoptosis in hepatocytes isolated from wild-type @entity19 . On the other hand, @entity14731 mutant @entity19 (Clk/Clk) hepatocytes showed resistance to apoptosis. Because apoptosis is an important pathway for suppressing @entity105 after genomic DNA damage, the mechanisms that underlie resistance to @entity108 -induced apoptosis were examined in Clk/Clk @entity19 hepatocytes. The mRNA levels of metabolic enzymes bioactivating @entity108 and apoptosis-inducing factors before @entity108 exposure were lower in Clk/Clk cells than in wild-type cells. The accumulation of @entity899 and Ser15 phosphorylated @entity899 after 8h @entity108 exposure was seen in wild-type cells but not in Clk/Clk cells. @entity57027 activity was elevated during 24h @entity108 exposure in wild-type cells but not in Clk/Clk cells. In addition, resistance to @entity108 -induced apoptosis in Clk/Clk cells affected the cell viability. These studies suggested that the lower expression levels of metabolic enzymes bioactivating @entity108 and apoptosis inducing factors affected the resistance to @entity108 -induced apoptosis in Clk/Clk cells, and the @entity14731 gene plays an important role in @entity137 induced by @entity108 .

title: Influence of @entity14731 on XXXX induced by @entity107 in @entity19 primary hepatocytes.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity107 :: ('MESH:D004052', 'Chemical') :: ['diethylnitrosamine']

entities_list: @entity105 :: ('MESH:D063646', 'Disease') :: ['carcinogenesis']

answer: @entity137 :: (MESH:D064420,Disease) :: ['cytotoxicity']


abstract: We are discussing the results of an epidemiologic prospective study of 194 @entity1 with @entity8300 . We analyzed, registered and treated these @entity8300 @entity1 in the period from 1952 to 1983 at the Department for @entity1 Neurology and Psychiatry in Belgrade. There were 140 @entity1 and 54 @entity1 with @entity8300 . The male to female ratio was 2.6:1. The average age of onset was 8.3 years for @entity1 and 7.2 years for @entity1 , the overall average being 7.7 years. The average duration of @entity221 was 10 months for @entity1 and 8 months for @entity1 ; the overall average duration of @entity8300 was 9 months. The average age for @entity281 was 2.4 years. The interval between @entity281 and clinical manifestation of @entity8300 was 5.5 years. The @entity1 came from different parts of Yugoslavia. Most of them were from SR Serbia (95 @entity1 or 49%), AP Vojvodina (39 @entity1 or 20%), SR Bosnia and Herzegovina (22 @entity1 or 11%), AP Kosovo (14 @entity1 or 7.2%), SR Macedonia (14 @entity1 or 7.2%), SR Croatia (6 @entity1 or 3%), and SR Montenegro (4 @entity1 or 2.5%). Mass measles vaccination started in SR Serbia in 1972. In the period 1952-1983 there was an average of six registered @entity1 with @entity8300 per year. In the same period, there were four peaks of @entity221 : 20 @entity1 in 1957, 15 @entity1 in 1958, 12 @entity1 in 1961, and 9 @entity1 in 1977. The average number of @entity8300 per year in the period 1952-1972 was 7.2 @entity1 before mass vaccination. The average number of @entity8300 per year in the period 1973-1983 was 3.3 @entity1 after mass vaccination.

title: XXXX -epidemiology and measles vaccination: our cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Child', 'children', 'patients', 'girls', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['measles infection']

answer: @entity8300 :: (MESH:D013344,Disease) :: ['SSPE']


abstract: Use of current intensive chemotherapy protocols in pediatric @entity1893 ( @entity1893 ) in high-income countries resulted in event-free survival (EFS) rates ranging from 80 to 90%. The results are inferior in less privileged countries with limited resources for medical care. There are no reports about comprehensive data analysis in @entity1893 in Serbia. A retrospective study was carried out at University @entity1 's Hospital, Belgrade, in @entity1 aged less than 18 years diagnosed with @entity1893 from 1997 to 2011. Fifty-seven @entity1 were eligible for analysis. Fourteen were diagnosed with @entity981 , 38 with mature @entity1892 ( @entity1892 ), and 5 with @entity2108 . Mean age at diagnosis was 9.2 years, with male to female ratio 2.35:1. @entity1 were treated according to @entity8352 ( @entity8352 ) protocols. With median follow-up of 59.3 months, 5-year probability of EFS was 84.1% for all @entity1 , whereas overall survival was 93%. These results with @entity8352 protocol administration, although inferior to leading international groups, reflect good treatment outcome in our @entity1 . To the best of the authors' knowledge, this article presents the first results regarding treatment and survival of childhood @entity1893 in Serbia.

title: @entity1893 : a retrospective 14-year experience with @entity8352 ( XXXX ) protocols from a tertiary care hospital in Serbia.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity981 :: ('MESH:D054198', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoblastic lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity2108 :: ('MESH:D017728', 'Disease') :: ['anaplastic large-cell lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ['pediatric NHL', 'NHL', 'non-Hodgkin lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity8352 :: ('MESH:C566367', 'Disease') :: ['BFM', 'Berlin-Frankfurt-M  nster']

answer: @entity8352 :: (MESH:C566367,Disease) :: ['BFM']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to ascertain how often additional @entity5 are detected on CT scans of the thorax in @entity1 with newly diagnosed @entity957 of the @entity135 and to determine how often these findings are evident on conventional radiographs of the chest. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: One hundred eighty-nine @entity1 with newly diagnosed @entity957 of the @entity135 were prospectively examined in a 5-year period. At the time of the initial diagnosis, each @entity1 underwent both chest radiography (posteroanterior and lateral radiographs in 95%, anteroposterior in 5%) and thoracic CT to assess the prevalence of additional primary or metastatic @entity5 of the thorax and upper abdomen. RESULTS: Of the 189 @entity1 studied, 66 showed a total of 73 significant @entity1514 scans of which only 17 abnormalities (23%) were detected on chest radiographs alone. Of these 66 @entity1 , 36 (55%) were found to have one or more primary or metastatic @entity5 . These 36 @entity1 manifested a total of 41 additional primary or secondary @entity5 including 24 cases in which one or more pulmonary nodules were detected, six cases of lymphadenopathy, three @entity99 , three @entity79 , two pleural masses, two esophageal masses and one adrenal mass. Of these 41 @entity5 , 13 (32%) were @entity5 and 28 were @entity3 . Only 12 (29%) of the 41 @entity5 detected by thoracic CT were seen on the chest radiographs. In all @entity1 in which an additional malignant @entity5 was diagnosed, clinical management was significantly affected, resulting in a modification of the planned surgery or the addition of chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or both. CONCLUSION: A relatively large percentage of @entity1 (19%) with newly diagnosed @entity135 was found to have additional @entity5 , 32% of which were @entity5 . The discovery of these additional @entity5 had a major effect on both the therapy and the prognosis of these @entity1 . The combination of a relatively poor detection rate for conventional chest radiography, with only 29% of the @entity5 detected on CT scans of the chest being seen on chest radiographs, and the high prevalence of disease in this population support the routine inclusion of thoracic CT in these @entity1 .

title: The impact of routine CT of the chest on the diagnosis and management of newly diagnosed XXXX of the @entity135 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck', 'squamous cell cancer of the head and neck']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'malignant tumors', 'synchronous primary tumors', 'malignant neoplasms', 'neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1514 :: ('MESH:D013896', 'Disease') :: ['abnormalities on thoracic CT']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone lesions']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic lesions']

answer: @entity957 :: (MESH:D002294,Disease) :: ['squamous cell carcinoma']


abstract: PURPOSE: In the pre-positron emission tomography era, the Gruppo Italiano Studio Linfomi (GISL) investigated the feasibility and efficacy of a treatment based on a response-tailored number of @entity632 / @entity1732 / @entity5713 / @entity2699 (ABVD) courses in 218 intermediate-stage @entity978 @entity1 . @entity1 AND METHODS: @entity1 with stage I/II showing at least one adverse prognostic factor and stage IIIA without adverse prognostic factors were recruited. Treatment included a first step of 3 ABVD courses, followed by an early-restaging. @entity1 in CR/CRu received 1 additional ABVD cycle, @entity1 in PR received 3 more ABVD, and nonresponder @entity1 went off study. Involved-field @entity1161 ( @entity1161 ) was recommended on chemotherapy completion. RESULTS: The median age was 30 years (range, 15-68 years) and 131 @entity1 (61%) were female. Seven percent of @entity1 were in stage I, 78% in stage II, and 15% in stage III; B-symptoms, bulky @entity5 and erythrocyte sedimentation rate > 30 were recorded in 20%, 26%, and 43% of cases, respectively. The CR/CRu rate was 62% at early restaging, 72% at the end of chemotherapy, and 95% following @entity1161 . With a median follow-up of 74 months (range, 6-193 months), 7-year overall survival, relapse-free survival, and freedom from treatment failure were 91.8% (95% CI, 86%-95.5%), 89.2% (95% CI, 82.8%-93.3%), and 81.8% (95% CI, 75.2%-86.7%), respectively. @entity1 in CR/CRu on early restaging, receiving 4 ABVD, had an excellent outcome with 7-year @entity4434 and cause-specific survival similar to those of the late responders treated with 6 ABVD ( @entity4434 , 87.5% vs. 90.5% and CSS, 96.6% vs. 92.7%, respectively). CONCLUSION: The response-guided ABVD program we report, based on standard clinical staging procedures, proved to be feasible and safe in @entity1 with intermediate-stage @entity978 .

title: Response-guided ABVD chemotherapy plus involved-field @entity1161 for intermediate-stage XXXX in the pre-positron emission tomography era: a Gruppo Italiano Studio Linfomi (GISL) prospective trial.

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity2699 :: ('MESH:D003606', 'Chemical') :: ['dacarbazine']

entities_list: @entity1161 :: ('MESH:D011832', 'Disease') :: ['radiation therapy', 'RT']

entities_list: @entity1732 :: ('MESH:D001761', 'Chemical') :: ['bleomycin']

entities_list: @entity978 :: ('MESH:D006689', 'Disease') :: ['Hodgkin lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity5713 :: ('MESH:D014747', 'Chemical') :: ['vinblastine']

answer: @entity978 :: (MESH:D006689,Disease) :: ['Hodgkin lymphoma']


abstract: HISTORY AND CLINICAL FINDINGS: Two @entity1 , both aged 54 years, were admitted because of @entity943 of recent onset. @entity1 2 was also in @entity712 . Male family members of both @entity1 were known to have @entity1555 , of which one had died. INVESTIGATIONS: The electrocardiogram of @entity1 1 demonstrated @entity955 . @entity1 2 had a raised serum @entity908 kinase concentration and increased pulmonary marking in the chest radiogram. @entity1 1 had normal findings on left heart catheterization, but immunohistochemical analysis of a myocardial biopsy revealed dystrophin mosaic with 20% dystrophin-negative fibres. @entity1 2 had a reduced ejection fraction and 80% dystrophin-negative fibres. DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT AND COURSE: Myocardial involvement in the carrier state for @entity1555 having been demonstrated in both @entity1 , @entity1 1 received antihypertensive treatment while @entity1 2, who was in @entity712 , was given diuretics, ACE-inhibitor and beta-receptor blockers. CONCLUSION: @entity296 in carriers of @entity1555 is a rare cause of @entity943 . The cause can be confirmed by immunochemical analysis of an endomyocardial biopsy.

title: [Myocardial involvement in carrier states for @entity1555 . A rare cause of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac failure', 'heart failure']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['Cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity908 :: ('MESH:D003401', 'Chemical') :: ['creatine']

entities_list: @entity1555 :: ('MESH:D020388', 'Disease') :: ["Duchenne's muscular dystrophy"]

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['supraventricular arrhythmias']

answer: @entity943 :: (MESH:D001145,Disease) :: ['supraventricular arrhythmia']


abstract: A protocol to evaluate the potential developmental and reproductive effects of test chemicals has been developed by the Life Stages Task Force of the International Life Sciences Institute (ILSI)/Health and Environmental Sciences Institute (HESI) Agricultural Chemical Safety Assessment (ACSA) Technical Committee. Since the original publication, several international groups have provided public comment on conducting the test. The extended one-generation reproductive @entity137 test is now under consideration as a potential test guideline. The protocol uses a flexible approach that is markedly different from the current multigenerational guidelines. It encourages the use of toxicokinetics when setting the doses, evaluates more than one @entity35 per sex per litter in the F1 offspring and does not necessarily require mating of the F1 to produce an F2 (F1 mating may be triggered by the presence of effects in the P0 and developing F1 @entity35 ). A number of additional reproductive endpoints, and the @entity2359 and immunotoxicity cohorts are included. The ACSA protocol was developed with the goal of assuring that the methods are scientifically appropriate and the toxicological endpoints and exposure durations are relevant for risk assessment. Compared to existing testing strategies, the proposed approach uses substantially fewer animals, provides additional information on the neonate, juvenile and pubertal animal, and includes an estimation of @entity1 exposure potential for making decisions about the extent of testing required. In this paper, the evolution of the protocol since the 2006 publication is discussed. These changes reflect the collective input of a U.S. expert panel of government and industrial scientist convened in 2007 and discussions of an OECD expert group held in Paris, France (October, 2008).

title: Current developments in reproductive XXXX testing of pesticides.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity2359 :: ('MESH:D020258', 'Disease') :: ['neurotoxicity']

answer: @entity137 :: (MESH:D064420,Disease) :: ['toxicity']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity442 and @entity2301 levels in @entity1 are positively regulated by GH status; in contrast, evidence suggests an inverse relationship between GH status and @entity10513 . We investigated the effects of @entity55365 administration on the serum concentrations of these analytes, together with serum and urinary concentrations of GH, to evaluate their potential as markers in the development of a test for detecting doping with GH in sports competitors. DESIGN: @entity55365 was administered subcutaneously at a dose of 0.15 U/kg bodyweight/day at 1000 h for 3 days to eight healthy @entity1 (20-32 years old). MEASUREMENTS: Serum concentrations of GH, @entity442 , @entity7585 were determined in blood samples collected at 1600 h on the days prior to (day -1), during (days 0, 1 and 2), and following administration (days 3 and 7). Urine was collected continuously from days -2 to 3 and then on day 7. RESULTS: Serum and urinary concentrations of GH were only raised on the days of administration whereas, following cessation of @entity55365 , the increases in the serum concentrations of @entity442 and @entity2301 were sustained for at least 1 day (30 h). Serum @entity10513 decreased during the period of administration and was still suppressed on day 3. The concentration ratios of @entity2301 to @entity10513 and @entity442 to @entity10513 increased markedly with administration and both ratios were still significantly augmented compared with basal values 30 h after the last administration. CONCLUSION: With acute administration of @entity55365 to healthy men the serum concentration of @entity10513 decreases and the ratios of serum @entity442 / @entity10513 and @entity2301 / @entity10513 increase. These ratios should be considered in the development of a test for detecting @entity55365 administration in sport.

title: Serum @entity442 and XXXX as potential markers of doping with @entity1 GH.

entities_list: @entity55365 :: ('MESH:D019382', 'Chemical') :: ['somatropin', 'Somatropin']

entities_list: @entity2301 :: ('3486', 'Gene') :: ['IGFBP-3', 'IGF binding protein (IGFBP)-3']

answer: @entity7585 :: (3485;3486,Gene) :: ['IGF binding proteins 2 and 3']


abstract: The Japanese Society of Pediatric Allergy and Clinical Immunology (JSPACI) was started in 1966 and currently has 3613 members as of August 1, 2012. The number of pediatricians specializing in @entity566 who have been certified by the Japanese Society of Allergology is 817. Among these, there are 125 training directors and training facilities for @entity566 and clinical immunology. The JSPACI first published an @entity565 guideline specific for @entity1 in 2000, and this has been revised every 3  yrs, contributing to better control of pediatric @entity565 . @entity5419 management guidelines were first developed in 2005, which have helped to improve the care of @entity5419 @entity1 . Among 514 pediatric training programs by the Japanese Society of Pediatrics, there are 312 facilities routinely performing oral food challenges. Among these, there were already 53 facilities performing oral immunotherapy at the end of 2011, treating 1400 cases of @entity5419 . The prevalence of @entity56 has increased in Japan over the past 50  yrs. A number of International Study of @entity566 in Childhood surveys have been conducted in the past at specific times. The prevalence of wheezing among @entity1 aged 13-14  yrs in 2002 was 13.0%. Multi-year surveys found a 1.5- to 2-fold increase every 10  yrs until 2002. However, according to the latest data in 2012, @entity565 prevalence seems to have slightly decreased in Japan. @entity5419 mainly associated with @entity483 among @entity1 younger than 1  yr of age is the most common form as with other developed countries. The estimated @entity5419 prevalence based on data from several surveys is 5-10% among @entity1 (0-6  yrs) and 1-2% among schoolchildren (6-15  yrs). A variety of @entity1 suffering from primary @entity465 have been actively analyzed. Previously, antibody defects and well-defined syndromes with @entity465 were analyzed, but recent research is focusing on not only acquired @entity1200 but also on innate @entity1200 . In contrast to the widespread use of oral immunotherapy, one immediate issue is to develop and reassess subcutaneous and sublingual immunotherapies for mite and Japanese cedar pollen antigens that have been disused in Japan since the 1990s.

title: XXXX and immunology in Japan.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity483 :: ('MESH:D003876', 'Disease') :: ['infantile atopic eczema']

entities_list: @entity5419 :: ('MESH:D005512', 'Disease') :: ['food allergy', 'Food allergy']

entities_list: @entity566 :: ('MESH:D006967', 'Disease') :: ['Asthma and Allergies', 'allergy', 'allergies']

entities_list: @entity465 :: ('MESH:D007153', 'Disease') :: ['immunodeficiency', 'deficiency syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1200 :: ('MESH:D007154', 'Disease') :: ['immune disorders']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['pediatric allergic diseases']

answer: @entity566 :: (MESH:D006967,Disease) :: ['Pediatric allergy']


abstract: The authors have studied the immediate and long term outcome of surgical treatment of acute phase @entity884 in a group of 33 high risk @entity1 with @entity340 . The age varied from 2 to 68 years, 18 @entity1 were male and 22 were of the white race. The aortic valve was the most frequently involved (18/54.5%), followed by mitral valve (13/39.3%), and tricuspid valve (2/6.0%). Twenty-four @entity1 (72.7%) were in functional class III and seven (21.0%) in functional class IV. The noninvasive studies in those @entity1 revealed 13 cases (39.4%) with normal cardiac size. The EKG was abnormal in 27 cases (81.8%) mostly with left atrial and @entity123 . The echocardiogram revealed the presence of @entity47 in 27 @entity1 (81.8%) and the blood cultures were positive in 24 cases (72.7%). All @entity1 were treated with antibiotics. The pathologic analysis revealed the presence of @entity47 in 94% and structural alterations in 16.5%. Twenty-one @entity1 had heart valve replacement with mechanical prosthesis (63.6%), 11 (33.3%) had bioprosthesis and one had tricuspid excision without replacement (3.0%). The hospital mortality was 12% and the late mortality 3%. Three @entity204 occurred in @entity1 who had prolonged clinical treatment (more than 35 days) and one @entity1 died of severe @entity364 . The follow-up of the remaining 26 @entity1 varied from 1 to 596 weeks (mean 183) demonstrating important clinical improvement and a normally functioning valve prosthesis. All @entity1 remained in functional class I or II. The analysis of our data indicates that surgical treatment is the best option for high risk @entity884 and should be undertaken earlier in all @entity1 in this group.

title: [Surgical treatment of high-risk valvar XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity364 :: ('MESH:D009181', 'Disease') :: ['fungal endocarditis']

entities_list: @entity47 :: ('MESH:D018458', 'Disease') :: ['vegetations']

entities_list: @entity123 :: ('MESH:D024741', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity340 :: ('MESH:D006349', 'Disease') :: ['valvular heart disease']

entities_list: @entity884 :: ('MESH:D004696', 'Disease') :: ['infective endocarditis', 'endocarditis']

answer: @entity884 :: (MESH:D004696,Disease) :: ['endocarditis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity740 is defined by reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (reduced @entity470 ) or by microalbuminuria (MA). Concordance between reduced @entity470 and MA and associated @entity65 ( @entity65 ) and all-cause mortality according to these definitions is uncertain. METHODS: @entity1 (n = 2966 [52.6% were @entity1 ], mean age, 59 years) were drawn from the Framingham Offspring Cohort. @entity1 were classified into 4 groups based on the presence or absence of reduced @entity470 ( @entity470 < 59 mL/min/1.73 m(2) in @entity1 , < 64 mL/min/1.73 m(2) in @entity1 or MA (spot urinary albumin to @entity1011 ratio of at least 30 mg/g). Cox proportional hazard models were used to determine the combined risk of @entity65 events and all-cause mortality for each group. RESULTS: Of the @entity1 , 9.9% (n = 295) had reduced @entity470 , and 12.2% (n = 362) had MA. Among those with reduced @entity470 , 28% had MA. Those with reduced @entity470 and with MA were at increased risk for combined @entity65 and all-cause mortality compared with those with neither condition (hazard ratio [HR] 1.7, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1-2.4; P = .009), whereas those with reduced @entity470 and without MA and those without reduced @entity470 and with MA had similar HRs (1.3 and 1.2, respectively). Those with reduced @entity470 and with MA, as well as those with reduced @entity470 and without MA, were at significantly increased risk of all-cause mortality (HR 2.2 [95% CI, 1.4-3.6] and HR 1.7 [95% CI, 1.1-2.6], respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Reduced @entity470 and MA are relatively common conditions with different risk factor profiles. The coexistence of reduced @entity470 and MA was present in 2.8% of the study sample and conferred substantial increased risk for @entity65 and all-cause mortality, in part because of a heavy burden of @entity65 risk factors.

title: Cross-classification of microalbuminuria and reduced glomerular filtration rate: associations between XXXX risk factors and clinical outcomes.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'Participants', 'men']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['CVD', 'cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity65 :: (MESH:D002318,Disease) :: ['cardiovascular disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity8212 represents abnormal coalescence between calcaneus and navicular bone. It is a @entity154 , sometimes becoming symptomatic in young adolescent. This is managed conservatively initially, failing which surgical excision, open or arthroscopic, is considered. We present our arthroscopic technique via a modified @entity50 , with early results in two adolescent and two young adult @entity1 . METHOD: The @entity1 is placed in a 45   "saggy" lateral position, and entry points for portals are marked around sinus tarsi area. The adequacy of resection is checked with image intensifier at the end of procedure. @entity1 complete subjective scoring forms, Manchester-Oxford Foot Questionnaire and Visual Analogue Scale, pre operatively and at follow-ups. Paired t test was performed to assess statistical significance. RESULTS: The results of early follow-up of these @entity1 have confirmed complete excision, non-recurrence and symptomatic improvement. The mean difference in MOXFQ scores pre and post surgery is 39.33, with a two-tailed p value of 0.0187. Similarly, the mean difference in VAS score is 5.67 with a two-tailed p value of 0.0034. These are statistically significant and confirm symptomatic improvement at an early follow-up. CONCLUSION: The arthroscopic technique provides better access allowing wide excision and causes minimal soft tissue trauma leading to early recovery and mobilisation.

title: Arthroscopic resection of @entity8212 /malunion via a modified XXXX : an early case series.

entities_list: @entity8212 :: ('MESH:C538156', 'Disease') :: ['Calcaneonavicular coalition']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['congenital anomaly']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity50 :: ('MESH:D012851', 'Disease') :: ['sinus tarsi approach']

answer: @entity50 :: (MESH:D012851,Disease) :: ['sinus tarsi approach']


abstract: The primary aim of this study is to report the long-term outcome of @entity979 after stereotactic biopsy and whole brain radiotherapy. The second purpose is to report an investigation of the biological features and cell kinetics of this peculiar and enigmatic @entity1313 . Of 34 supratentorial germ cell @entity5 diagnosed and treated between 1980 and 1993, 20 @entity1 were found to be affected by @entity3438 localized in the pineal and/or suprasellar regions. The diagnosis was achieved by stereotactic biopsy in all cases. In 14 @entity1 , the potential proliferative activity of the @entity5 was investigated by @entity665 in vitro binding and labelling index determination. Chorionic gonadotropin, alpha-fetoprotein and @entity189 antigen were negative in the cerebrospinal fluid of these @entity1 . All but 1 @entity1 underwent whole brain radiotherapy. Clinical and neuroradiological follow-up ranged between 3 and 13 years (mean 8). Complete clinical and neuroradiological recovery was achieved in all @entity1 after treatment. Fatal recurrences owing to @entity6831 occurred in three cases. The labelling index in the whole series ranged between 0.1 and 5% (median 2.5). Only syncytiotrophoblastic cells had proliferative activity, while none of the lymphoid-like cells showed @entity1014 labelling.

title: Long-term follow-up of XXXX after stereotactic biopsy and brain radiotherapy: a cell kinetics study.

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['brain tumour']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity979 :: ('MESH:D010871', 'Disease') :: ['pineal and suprasellar germinoma']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['embryonal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity665 :: ('CHEBI:53526', 'Chemical') :: ['(3H)thymidine']

entities_list: @entity6831 :: ('MESH:D004673', 'Disease') :: ['neuraxis dissemination']

entities_list: @entity1014 :: ('MESH:D013936', 'Chemical') :: ['thymidine']

entities_list: @entity3438 :: ('MESH:D018237', 'Disease') :: ['true germinoma']

answer: @entity3438 :: (MESH:D018237,Disease) :: ['germinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity401 ( @entity401 ) is frequently associated with @entity1413 . The prognosis of @entity697 ( @entity697 ) occurring in @entity1413 @entity1 is very poor. Here, we investigated serum biomarker profiles of @entity697 to find markers predicting outcome in @entity1 with @entity1413 . METHODS: A solid-phase antibody array was used for screening 274 biomarkers in pooled sera from @entity1413 @entity1 in the @entity697 state and in the stable state. Biomarkers in individual sera were detected without pooling by bead-based immunoassay. RESULTS: The serum levels of @entity3334 , @entity2843 , @entity1096 , interleukin (IL)-2 receptor a ( @entity2902 ), and IL-1 receptor antagonist were significantly increased in @entity697 , but @entity1552 , @entity1549 , and @entity28955 levels were decreased. The @entity1549 to @entity3334 ratio was reduced in @entity697 state. This tendency was also observed in @entity309 @entity1 with @entity697 . Moreover, serum @entity650 level was significantly increased in the @entity697 state in @entity1 with @entity401 ( @entity401 ). Serum @entity2843 and @entity2902 levels were significantly increased in the @entity697 state in @entity1 with @entity401 ( @entity401 ), whereas @entity1552 , @entity1549 , and @entity28955 levels were decreased. The @entity1549 to @entity3334 ratio was reduced in @entity697 state in @entity1 with @entity401 . The serum @entity8111 , @entity1495 , @entity1096 , @entity2902 , @entity3334 , and @entity5952 levels were significantly increased in the @entity697 state in @entity1 who subsequently died, whereas @entity1552 and @entity1549 levels were decreased in those who survived. The @entity1549 to @entity3334 ratio was reduced in @entity697 state in @entity1 who died, but not in those who survived. CONCLUSIONS: Serum biomarker profiles could represent prognosis markers for @entity697 in @entity1413 .

title: Serum biomarker analysis of XXXX @entity1 with acute-onset diffuse @entity401 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute-onset diffuse ILD', 'AoDILD']

entities_list: @entity3334 :: ('4312', 'Gene') :: ['MMP-1', 'matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1']

entities_list: @entity2843 :: ('7076', 'Gene') :: ['tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1', 'TIMP-1']

entities_list: @entity401 :: ('MESH:D017563', 'Disease') :: ['Interstitial lung disease', 'drug-induced ILD', 'ILD', 'AE-ILD', 'acute exacerbation of ILD', 'DI-ILD']

entities_list: @entity1413 :: ('MESH:D003095', 'Disease') :: ['collagen disease', 'collagen diseases']

answer: @entity1413 :: (MESH:D003095,Disease) :: ['collagen disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Standard treatment for @entity281 includes catheter drainage and antibiotics. Tube drainage often fails if the fluid is loculated by fibrinous adhesions when surgical drainage is needed. Streptokinase may aid the process of @entity456 , but there have been no controlled trials to assess its efficacy. METHODS: Twenty four @entity1 with infected community acquired @entity1143 were studied. All had either frankly purulent/culture or Gram stain positive pleural fluid (13 cases; 54%) or fluid which fulfilled the biochemical criteria for @entity281 . Fluid was drained with a 14F catheter. The antibiotics used were @entity2261 and @entity868 or were guided by culture. Subjects were randomly assigned to receive intrapleural streptokinase, 250,000 i.u. daily, or control saline flushes for three days. The primary end points related to the efficacy of @entity456 --namely, the volume of pleural fluid drained and the chest radiographic response to treatment. Other end points were the number of pleural procedures needed and blood indices of @entity32 . RESULTS: The streptokinase group drained more pleural fluid both during the days of streptokinase/control treatment (mean (SD) 391 (200) ml versus 124 (44) ml; difference 267 ml, 95% confidence interval (CI) 144 to 390; p < .001) and overall (2564 (1663) ml, 95% CI 465 to 2545; p < 0.01). They showed greater improvement on the chest radiograph at discharge, measured as the fall in the maximum dimension of the pleural collection (6.0 (2.7) cm versus 3.4 (2.7) cm; difference 2.9 cm, 95% CI 0.3 to 4.4; p < 0.05) and the overall reduction in pleural fluid collection size (p < 0.05, two-tailed Fisher's exact test). Systemic fibrinolysis and @entity548 complications did not occur. Surgery was required by three control @entity1 but none in the streptokinase group. CONCLUSIONS: Intrapleural streptokinase probably aids the treatment of @entity281 by improving @entity456 without causing systemic fibrinolysis or local @entity548 .

title: Randomised controlled trial of intrapleural streptokinase in community acquired XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2261 :: ('MESH:D002444', 'Chemical') :: ['cefuroxime']

entities_list: @entity1143 :: ('MESH:D010996', 'Disease') :: ['parapneumonic effusions']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity868 :: ('MESH:D008795', 'Chemical') :: ['metronidazole']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding', 'haemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['pleural infection', 'pleural infections']

entities_list: @entity456 :: ('MESH:D010995', 'Disease') :: ['pleural drainage']

answer: @entity281 :: (MESH:D007239,Disease) :: ['pleural infection']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Recurrence is not rare after radical prostatectomy for @entity263 . The treatment results of radical prostatectomy for @entity263 was evaluated in this retrospective study. METHODS: A total of 36 @entity1 with @entity263 (clinical stage: A, B) were treated with radical prostatectomy. Kaplan-Meier product limit method analyzed from biochemical failure was used to study the treatment results of radical prostatectomy, and Cox's proportional hazards model was used to analyze the influence of pathological findings at surgery on biochemical failure. RESULTS: Of all 36 @entity1 , 24 (67%) had @entity1803 (N0-2) disease, and these @entity1 received adjuvant hormonal therapy after surgery. Overall freedom from biochemical failure at 5 years after surgery was 53% ( @entity2558 -2N0; 83%, pT3N0-2; 40%). No significant difference was seen in the freedom from biochemical failure between @entity1 grouped by pathological classification (p = 0.106), @entity5 grade (p = 0.476), proximal and distal margin involvement (p = 0.095) and regional lymph node @entity3 (p = 0.482), but a significant difference was seen between @entity1 grouped by capsule involvement (freedom from biochemical failure at 5 years in cases with positive capsule: 30%, p = 0.023) and seminal vesicle involvement (freedom from biochemical failure at 5 years in cases with positive seminal vesicles: 26%, p = 0.014). Cox's proportional hazards model, on the other hand, showed only that seminal vesicle involvement significantly influenced on biochemical failure (p = 0.031). CONCLUSION: We confirmed a high likelihood of biochemical failure and presumably less favorable prognosis in @entity1 with seminal vesicle involvement. These results indicated that candidates for surgery should be selected pathologically by excluding those with seminal vesicle involvement in the preoperative evaluation.

title: [Treatment results of radical prostatectomy for XXXX --biochemical failure analyzed from pathological findings at surgery].

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['localized prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['localized prostate cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Population-based studies suggest African Americans (AAs) with @entity5 have a worse overall outcome compared with non-AAs. This relationship was explored in a cohort of @entity5 @entity1 treated with preoperative chemoradiation therapy (CRT) and surgery at 2 academic @entity5 centers. METHODS: A total of 146 @entity1 (26 @entity5066 , 120 non- @entity5066 ) underwent treatment with curative intent. The median age was 57 years. Median dose was 50.4 Gy, given with @entity1487 -based concurrent chemotherapy. Differences in disease presentation, adherence to recommended therapy, and treatment outcome (freedom from failure) by race were analyzed. Median follow-up was 34 months from completion of CRT. RESULTS: AAs had longer time from diagnosis to start of therapy (median, 45 vs. 35 d; P<0.01) and from CRT completion to surgery (median, 42 vs. 46 d; P=0.03). @entity5066 @entity1 presented with more favorable disease (20% stage I, 33% stage III) compared with non- @entity5066 @entity1 (0% stage I, 48% stage III, P<0.01). @entity5066 @entity1 were less likely to receive adjuvant chemotherapy (58% vs. 89%, P=0.01). Log-rank analysis showed AAs were not more likely to recur after therapy (freedom from failure at 3 y, 100% for @entity5066 @entity1 vs. 81% for non- @entity5066 @entity1 , P=0.09). The difference in time from preoperative therapy to surgery and a lower rate of adjuvant therapy in @entity5066 @entity1 did not seem to result in inferior disease outcome for this cohort. CONCLUSIONS: Further study is necessary to explore the reasons underlying the delays in therapy and lower rates of adjuvant chemotherapy for @entity5066 @entity1 .

title: Combined-modality therapy for XXXX : analysis of potential differences in disease presentation, treatment adherence, and treatment outcome according to race.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'rectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['5-fluorouracil']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['rectal cancer']