abstract: OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to investigate the outcome of neonates with idiopathic @entity2978 in the first year after birth. METHODS: All @entity1 diagnosed in the Erasmus Medical Centre Rotterdam and the University Medical Centre Utrecht between January 2000 and April 2005 with idiopathic @entity2978 were studied. The outcome variables included mode of delivery, pre-term delivery, birth weight, @entity8455 , large-for-gestational-age (weight > @entity12328 ), neonatal or @entity1 mortality and @entity1 morbidity at 1 year after delivery. These were related to antenatal findings, including the onset of @entity2978 and ultrasonographic evidence of @entity8455 (estimated fetal weight > @entity12328 ). RESULTS: Polyhydramnios was diagnosed at a mean gestational age (+/- s.d.) of 31.0 +/- 4.9 weeks. The mean gestational age at birth (+/- s.d.) was 37.9 +/- 3.7 weeks. @entity8455 at birth was present in 25.3% (22/88). Sixty-three of 88 @entity1 were in good health 1 year after birth; 20 @entity1 had an abnormality and 5 @entity1 had died. @entity8455 and detection of @entity2978 in the third trimester was associated significantly with a good outcome. CONCLUSION: In neonates with idiopathic @entity854 were detected during the first year of life in 28.4%. Detection of @entity2978 in the second trimester and low or normal birth weight are risk factors for associated abnormalities.

title: Idiopathic XXXX and postnatal findings.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'infants', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity2978 :: ('MESH:D006831', 'Disease') :: ['polyhydramnios']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['polyhydramnios, abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity8455 :: ('MESH:D005320', 'Disease') :: ['macrosomia', 'Macrosomia']

answer: @entity2978 :: (MESH:D006831,Disease) :: ['polyhydramnios']


abstract: Surveillance of antimicrobial use and resistance is needed to manage antimicrobial resistance in bacteria. In this study, data were collected on antimicrobial use and resistance in @entity794 (n=562), isolated from intramammary infections and (sub)clinical @entity1271 cases on 89 dairy farms in 4 regions of Canada [Alberta, Ontario, Qu  bec, and the Maritime Provinces (Prince Edward Island, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick)]. Dairy producers were asked to deposit empty drug containers into specially provided receptacles, and antimicrobial drug use rate was calculated to quantify antimicrobial use. Minimum inhibitory concentrations were determined using the Sensititer @entity291 @entity1271 plate system (TREK Diagnostic Systems Inc., Cleveland, @entity2145 ), containing antimicrobials commonly used for @entity1271 treatment and control. Multivariable logistic regression models were built to determine herd-level risk factors of @entity114 , @entity869 , @entity32595 , @entity114 - @entity8801 combination, @entity803 and @entity2831 resistance in Staph. aureus isolates. Intramammary administration of the @entity114 - @entity8801 combination for dry @entity291 therapy was associated with @entity114 and @entity869 resistance [odds ratio (OR): 2.17 and 3.10, respectively]. Systemic administration of @entity114 was associated with @entity114 resistance (OR: 1.63). Intramammary administration of @entity32595 for lactating @entity291 @entity1271 treatment was associated with @entity32595 resistance as well (OR: 2.07). Average herd parity was associated with @entity869 and @entity803 resistance (OR: 3.88 and 0.02, respectively). Average herd size was also associated with @entity803 resistance (OR: 1.02). Dairy herds in the Maritime region had higher odds of @entity114 and lower odds of @entity869 resistance than dairy herds in Qu  bec (OR: 2.18 and 0.19, respectively). Alberta dairy herds had lower odds of @entity869 and @entity2831 resistance than dairy herds in Qu  bec (OR: 0.04 and 0.08, respectively). Ontario dairy herds had lower odds of @entity803 and @entity2831 resistance than dairy herds in Qu  bec (OR: 0.05 and 0.33, respectively). Herd-level use of certain antimicrobials administered for @entity1271 treatment and control, such as intramammary @entity114 and @entity32595 as well as systemically administered @entity114 and @entity21562 , was positively associated with antimicrobial resistance in @entity291 @entity1271 pathogens in the field conditions. Differences in antimicrobial resistance outcomes across 4 regions of Canada were observed.

title: Herd-level association between antimicrobial use and antimicrobial resistance in XXXX @entity1271 @entity794 isolates on Canadian dairy farms.

entities_list: @entity114 :: ('MESH:D010406', 'Chemical') :: ['penicillin']

entities_list: @entity21562 :: ('MESH:C035534', 'Chemical') :: ['florfenicol']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']

entities_list: @entity8801 :: ('MESH:D009675', 'Chemical') :: ['novobiocin']

entities_list: @entity2831 :: ('MESH:D013412', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfadimethoxine']

entities_list: @entity869 :: ('MESH:D000667', 'Chemical') :: ['ampicillin']

entities_list: @entity32595 :: ('MESH:C034093', 'Chemical') :: ['pirlimycin']

entities_list: @entity803 :: ('MESH:D013752', 'Chemical') :: ['tetracycline']

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['bovine']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Previously, the Mustard operation was the preferred surgical technique in @entity1 with @entity3886 . After this procedure the anatomical right ventricle remains the systemic ventricle, which entails long-term complications, especially @entity712 . The Mustard-operated @entity1 are now adults, and pregnancy has become an important issue. We assessed pregnancy and delivery data in a complete cohort of female @entity1 who had previously undergone a Mustard procedure at Aarhus Hospital in the 1971-1991 period. The @entity1 giving birth were compared with those who did not. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Information on diagnosis, procedure, functional status, pregnancy, @entity299 in the off-spring were found in registers (The National Register of Health, The National Birth Register) and in medical records. Questionnaires were mailed to the 16 surviving @entity1 over 15 years of age. RESULTS: Four @entity1 gave birth to nine @entity1 . Two @entity1 temporally had heart symptoms during pregnancy and delivery, but this caused no objective changes. The @entity1 who had @entity1 were older than those who did not. None of the @entity1 had @entity299 nor were they small for their gestational age. CONCLUSION: Pregnancy and delivery are well-tolerated in the vast majority of Mustard-operated @entity1 with no deterioration in functional class during or after pregnancy and delivery.

title: [Pregnancy after Mustard operation for XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3886 :: ('MESH:D014188', 'Disease') :: ['transposition of the great arteries']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['delivery and congenital heart disease', 'congenital heart disease']

answer: @entity3886 :: (MESH:D014188,Disease) :: ['transposition of the great arteries']


abstract: We sequenced 3201 bp upstream from the ATG translation start codon of the @entity1 @entity22025 ( @entity22025 ). A number of transcriptional initiation sites were detected over a region of approximately 600 base pairs upstream of the receptor coding region. These consist of GC-rich regions, each including @entity3419 consensus binding motifs. Neither a TATA nor a CAAT box was found in this region. The 5'-flanking region also contains the consensus regulatory elements for @entity1178 , @entity18720 , and several E-boxes. Gel shift assays targeting the three GC boxes confirmed binding of @entity3419 . A promoter assay revealed that the minimal region exhibiting promoter activity was located between @entity2036 -517 and -282 in @entity1 @entity320 @entity1 cells. Further deletion from -517 to -447, which removed an @entity3419 site, completely abolished luciferase activity. In conclusion, the @entity22025 promoter shares the characteristics of many other GPCR promoters. These characteristics include GC-rich sequence, lack of a TATA box, and binding of @entity3419 .

title: Characterization of the promoter region of the @entity1 @entity22025 ( XXXX gene.

entities_list: @entity22025 :: ('4157', 'Gene') :: ['MC1R', 'melanocortin-1 receptor']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma']

entities_list: @entity2036 :: ('MESH:D009711', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotides']

answer: @entity22025 :: (4157,Gene) :: ['MC1R)']


abstract: OBJECT: In this article, the authors report their experience in the management of adult @entity1 with @entity2946 at their institution to identify prognostic factors important for survival and disease control. METHODS: Between 1977 and 2005, 27 @entity1 who were >or=16 years old and had @entity2946 were treated consecutively. There were 16 @entity1 and 11 @entity1 with a median age of 21 years (range 16-54 years). Gross-total resection was performed in 21 @entity1 , subtotal (>or=90%) in 2, incomplete in 1, and biopsy in 3 @entity1 . Six @entity1 had the desmoplastic variant, and 21 @entity1 presented with @entity2946 . Staging according to the Chang classification showed 4 @entity1 with @entity5 invading the brainstem (2 with Stage T3b and 2 with Stage T4), 3 @entity1 with @entity3 (2 with Stage M2 and 1 with Stage M3), and 1 @entity1 in whom the stage was unknown (Stage MX) who died 10 days postoperatively. Twenty @entity1 were assigned to the standard-risk group and 7 to the high-risk group. All @entity1 except the one whose status was classified as Stage MX underwent craniospinal radiotherapy at our institution. Seven @entity1 received chemotherapy before radiotherapy. RESULTS: The 5- and 10-year overall survival rates for the present study were 81 and 62%, respectively. The median overall survival time was 17.7 years. The 5- and 10-year event-free survival rates were 72 and 57%, respectively. The median event-free survival time was 17.9 years. Univariate analysis showed that survival was significantly correlated with sex ( @entity1 had a better prognosis than @entity1 ) and M stage ( @entity1 without @entity3 had a better outcome). @entity1 age, duration of symptoms, Karnofsky Performance Scale score at presentation, @entity1276 , @entity5 location, brainstem invasion, extent of resection, histological subtype, preradiotherapy chemotherapy, risk group, and period of presentation were not significant variables. Multivariate analysis identified sex and M stage as well as the period of presentation as independent prognostic factors for overall and event-free survival times. Eleven @entity1 suffered @entity5 recurrence within a median time of 4.2 years. The posterior fossa was not the most common site of recurrence, and delayed recurrence was not rare. All @entity1 in whom the @entity5 recurred have died despite aggressive treatments. The median survival time after diagnosis of recurrence was 2.5 years. Questionnaires on quality of life and cognition showed high scores in favor of limited negative effects in the perception of mental and physical health after treatment. The authors observed 1 supposed second malignancy ( @entity259 ) and no evidence of @entity4611 . CONCLUSIONS: Long-term survival is possible in adults treated for @entity2946 . Although rare, @entity3 seeding at presentation is a poor prognostic factor. The possibility of delayed recurrence necessitates close follow-up of all @entity1 . @entity5 recurrences should be treated with aggressive therapies as some @entity1 may have sustained response. Adjuvant chemotherapy should be given to high-risk @entity1 , but its role in reducing recurrences, particularly distant ones, remains unclear in the standard-risk group.

title: Survival and prognostic factors in a series of adults with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'Patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['hydrocephalus']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity4611 :: ('MESH:D010900', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'metastases']

entities_list: @entity259 :: ('MESH:D013964', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity2946 :: ('MESH:D008527', 'Disease') :: ['classic medulloblastoma', 'medulloblastoma']

answer: @entity2946 :: (MESH:D008527,Disease) :: ['medulloblastomas']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the independent risk factors for early onset @entity295 (EONS) in a setting where the policy is to use intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP) for known risk factors. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. SETTING: Level III neonatal unit in a developing country. @entity1 : Consecutive mother- @entity1 dyads (gestation < or =34 weeks) with no @entity600 . INTERVENTIONS: Thirteen putative maternal and neonatal risk factors and use of IAP were assessed. Neonates were followed until 72 h of life for signs of EONS. Blood cultures were drawn on clinical suspicion of EONS and/or prior to starting prophylactic antibiotics for high risk asymptomatic neonates. MAIN OUTCOME: Culture-proven EONS (onset at <72 h). RESULTS: 601 mother- @entity1 dyads were enrolled (mean (SD) gestation=31.8 (2) weeks; mean (SD) birth weight 1559.4 (452) g). The best fitted multivariable logistic regression model had six independent risk factors (adjusted OR (95% CI)): vaginal examinations > or =3 (9.5 (3 to 31)), clinical @entity5870 (8.8 (2 to 43)), birth weight <1500 g (2.8 (2 to 5)), male sex (2.7 (2 to 5)), gestation <30 weeks (2 (1 to 4)) and no IAP (2 (1.04 to 4)). Regression coefficients were converted into scores of 6, 6, 3, 3, 2 and 2, respectively. Internal prediction accuracy was 86.5% and c statistic was 0.75 (95% CI 0.70 to 0.81, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Vaginal examinations > or =3, clinical @entity5870 , birth weight <1500 g, male sex, gestation <30 weeks and no intrapartum antibiotics were independent risk factors for EONS among preterm @entity1 of < or =34 weeks' gestation.

title: Intrapartum antibiotics and risk factors for early onset XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PATIENTS', 'infants', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['neonatal sepsis']

entities_list: @entity5870 :: ('MESH:D002821', 'Disease') :: ['chorioamnionitis']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['major neonatal malformations']

answer: @entity295 :: (MESH:D018805,Disease) :: ['sepsis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A peptide mimetic of a ligand for the @entity3649 / @entity10811 -specific C-type lectin receptors (GCLR) exhibited monocyte-stimulating activity, but did not extend survival when applied alone against a syngeneic @entity19 @entity11 . In this study, the combined effect of GCLRP with radiation was investigated. METHODS: C57BL/6 @entity19 underwent stereotactic intracranial implantation of GL261 @entity11 cells. Animals were grouped based on randomized @entity5 size by magnetic resonance imaging on day seven. One group that received cranial radiation (4 Gy on days seven and nine) only were compared with animals treated with radiation and GCLRP (4 Gy on days seven and nine combined with subcutaneous injection of 1 nmol/g on alternative days beginning on day seven). Magnetic resonance imaging was used to assess @entity5 growth and correlated with survival rate. Blood and brain tissues were analyzed with regard to @entity5 and contralateral hemisphere using fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis, histology, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: GCLRP activated peripheral monocytes and was associated with increased blood precursors of dendritic cells. Mean survival increased (P < 0.001) and @entity5 size was smaller (P < 0.02) in the GCLRP + radiation group compared to the radiation-only group. Accumulation of dendritic cells in both the tumoral hemisphere (P < 0.005) and @entity5 -free hemisphere (P < 0.01) was associated with treatment. CONCLUSION: Specific populations of monocyte-derived brain cells develop critical relationships with @entity11 . The biological effect of GCLRP in combination with radiation may be more successful because of the damage incurred by @entity5 cells by radiation and the enhanced or preserved presentation of @entity5 cell antigens by GCLRP-activated immune cells. Monocyte-derived brain cells may be important targets for creating effective immunological modalities such as employing the receptor system described in this study.

title: Monocyte @entity3649 / @entity10811 -specific C-type lectin receptor stimulant immunotherapy of an experimental XXXX . Part II: combination with external radiation improves survival.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'contralateral tumor']

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['malignant glioma', 'glioma', 'malignant gliomas']

entities_list: @entity3649 :: ('MESH:D005690', 'Chemical') :: ['galactose']

entities_list: @entity10811 :: ('CHEBI:28800', 'Chemical') :: ['N-acetylgalactosamine']

answer: @entity11 :: (MESH:D005910,Disease) :: ['glioma']


abstract: Thyroid gland morphology is affected in @entity1 with @entity740 . THE AIM: The purpose of this study was to compare thyroid gland morphology among @entity1 on chronic hemodialysis (HD) and healthy @entity1 and to assess the duration of dialysis on @entity1374 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: Prospective study included 80 @entity1 divided into two groups. Study group included 40 @entity1 on (HD) who were divided in two subgroups, according to the time spent on dialysis (i.e. under and over 72 months). The exclusion critheria was represented by the previous @entity1374 and @entity262 . The control group included 40 healthy @entity1 . The blood samples were taken for standard laboratory analysis, total and free thyroid hormone levels. RESULTS: Thyroid ultrasound was performed, thyroid wolume was calculated and the echostructure assessed. Mean values of thyroid volume were increased in HD @entity1 (e.g.18,88 +/- 3,20 ml, p < 0.01). @entity5651 was found in 35% (n = 14) @entity1 on HD (p = 0.01). In a subgroup of @entity1 (i.e. with time on HD < 72 months), the significant and more frequent was @entity1376 , in 15.38% (n = 4) (p = 0.03). There was no significant correlation between the time on dialysis , thyroid volume (r = -0.05, @entity7031 ) and TSH levels (r = 0.14, @entity7031 ). A significant, positive correlation between the thyroid volume and TSH levels was observed in HD group of @entity1 (r = 0.24 p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: @entity1374 are more common in @entity1 on HD compared to general population. These findings suggest that thyroid morphology screening should be performed in HD @entity1 .

title: Role of chronic hemodialysis in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1376 :: ('MESH:C564546', 'Disease') :: ['multinodular goiter']

entities_list: @entity262 :: ('MESH:D034721', 'Disease') :: ['systemic illnesses']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['chronic kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity5651 :: ('MESH:D006042', 'Disease') :: ['Diffuse goiter']

entities_list: @entity1374 :: ('MESH:D013959', 'Disease') :: ['Thyroid disorders', 'thyroid disorders']

answer: @entity1374 :: (MESH:D013959,Disease) :: ['thyroid gland morphology disorders']


abstract: The purpose of the present study was to elucidate the possible role of @entity12913 ( @entity12913 ) in the feeding regulation in fish. We examined the effects of intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) or intraperitoneal (i.p.) @entity12913 administration on food intake in satiated @entity2083 , at different time intervals postinjection (0-2, 2-8 and 0-8 h). Food intake was significantly increased by i.c.v. administered @entity12913 (1 microg) at 2 h postinjection, while no significant differences in food intake were observed after i.p. treatment. The @entity12913 receptor antagonist, @entity12913 -(27-36), totally counteracted the stimulatory action of @entity12913 on feeding. The possible involvement of @entity12913 in the eating behavior evoked by food deprivation has been investigated. Food deprivation by either 24 or 72 h significantly increased feeding, and the @entity12913 receptor antagonist attenuated such feeding stimulation. From our findings, we suggest, first, that @entity12913 is involved in feeding central regulation in @entity2083 , acting via specific @entity12913 receptors, and second, that hypothalamic @entity12913 would be released in response to food deprivation, contributing to generate the consequent eating behavior stimulation in @entity2083 .

title: Neuropeptide Y has a stimulatory action on feeding behavior in XXXX ( @entity2083 ).

entities_list: @entity2083 :: ('7957', 'Species') :: ['Carassius auratus', 'goldfish']

entities_list: @entity12913 :: ('MESH:C536297', 'Disease') :: ['neuropeptide Y', 'NPY']

answer: @entity2083 :: (7957,Species) :: ['goldfish']


abstract: PURPOSE: In contrast to the well-recognized association between acute symptomatic @entity410 and @entity6583 , the association between antiepileptic drug (AED)-resistant @entity302 and @entity75 ( @entity75 ) is poorly understood. We studied the association between AED-resistant @entity302 and @entity75 , including the feasibility and outcome of resective surgery. METHODS: From the prospective database maintained at our @entity302 center, we reviewed the data of all @entity1 with AED-resistant @entity302 who underwent presurgical evaluation from January 2001 to July 2010 and had CNL on imaging. We used clinical, neuroimaging, and interictal, ictal, and intracranial electroencephalography (EEG) findings to determine the association between CNL and @entity302 . Suitable candidates underwent resective surgery. KEY FINDINGS: Forty-five @entity1 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. In 17 @entity1 , CNL was proven to be the causative lesion for AED-resistant @entity302 (group 1); in 18 @entity1 , CNL was associated with unilateral @entity131 ( @entity131 ; group 2); and in 10 @entity1 , @entity75 were considered as incidental lesions (group 3). In group 1 @entity1 , @entity75 were more common in frontal lobes (12/17), whereas in group 2 @entity1 , @entity75 were more commonly located in temporal lobes (11/18; p = 0.002). Group 2 @entity1 were of a younger age at @entity302 onset than those in group 1 (8.9    7.3 vs. 12.6    6.8 years, p = 0.003). Perilesional @entity5219 was more common among @entity1 in group 1 when compared to group 3 @entity1 (12/17 vs. 1/10; p = 0.006). Fifteen @entity1 underwent resective surgery. Among group 1 @entity1 , four of five became @entity410 -free following lesionectomy alone. In group 2, four @entity1 underwent anterior temporal lobectomy (ATL) alone, of whom one became @entity410 -free; five underwent ATL combined with removal of CNL (two of them after intracranial EEG and all of them became @entity410 -free, whereas one @entity1 underwent lesionectomy alone and did not become @entity410 -free. SIGNIFICANCE: In endemic regions, although rare, @entity75 are potential cause for AED-resistant and surgically remediable @entity302 , as well as dual pathology. Presence of perilesional @entity5219 contributes to epileptogenicity of these lesions. For those @entity1 with CNL and @entity131 , resection of both lesions favors better chance of @entity410 -free outcome.

title: Calcified XXXX and antiepileptic drug-resistant @entity302 : a surgically remediable syndrome?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity6583 :: ('MESH:D020019', 'Disease') :: ['neurocysticercosis']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'seizures']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['hippocampal sclerosis', 'HS']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['calcified neurocysticercosis lesions', 'CNLs']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy']

answer: @entity75 :: (MESH:D001927,Disease) :: ['neurocysticercosis lesions']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The influence of exposure to @entity6 in utero and the @entity5448 @entity33625 polymorphism on the metabolic phenotype of youth with T2DM at diagnosis is unknown. The objective of this study is to describe the metabolic phenotype at diagnosis of youth with T2DM: a) by exposure to gestational or pregestational @entity6 and b) by @entity5448 @entity33625 genotype. METHODS: A cross-sectional retrospective chart review of youth with T2DM diagnosed between 2006 and 2011 seen at a single centre was performed. The primary variables of interest and selected clinical and biochemical characteristics at birth and at diagnosis of @entity6 were extracted. Descriptive statistics and regression analyses were undertaken. RESULTS: One hundred eighty-four youth were included. Youth exposed to pregestational @entity6 were younger at diagnosis (-1.26 years, p<0.001), had a shorter gestation (-1.73 weeks, p<0.001) and a lower waist z-score (-2.77, p<0.001) compared to those not exposed to @entity6 in utero. Youth homozygous for the @entity5448 @entity33625 polymorphism were younger (-1.77 years p<0.001), had a lower BMI z-score (-0.32, p=0.04), waist z-score (-1.91, p=0.04), HbA1c (-1.73%; 18.9   mmol/mol, p<0.01), @entity1674 (-90.3   mg/dl; -1.02   mmol/L, p=0.04) and higher HDL-c (8.88   mg/dl; 0.23   mmol/L, p=0.001) compared to wild-type youth at diagnosis. Homozygote youth were less likely to have @entity101 or acanthosis nigricans at diagnosis (OR 0.27, p=0.03; OR 0.32, p=0.04 respectively). CONCLUSION: Differences in the metabolic phenotype of subgroups of youth with T2DM suggest differences in the pathophysiology of @entity6 . An understanding of specific phenotypes is necessary to plan and inform both prevention and intervention strategies.

title: The Metabolic Phenotype of Youth Onset Type 2 Diabetes: The Role of Pregestational Diabetes Exposure and the Hepatic Nuclear Factor 1Alpha XXXX Polymorphism.

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

answer: @entity33625 :: (p|SUB|G|319|S,ProteinMutation) :: ['G319S']


abstract: @entity4493 ) is an endothelial scavenger receptor that is important for the uptake of OxLDL (oxidized low-density lipoprotein) and contributes to the pathogenesis of @entity731 . However, the precise structural motifs of OxLDL that are recognized by @entity4493 are unknown. In the present study, we have identified products of lipid peroxidation of OxLDL that serve as ligands for @entity4493 . We used @entity435 ( @entity3569 ovary) cells that stably express @entity4493 to evaluate the ability of BSA modified by lipid peroxidation to compete with AcLDL (acetylated low-density lipoprotein). We found that @entity13789 ( @entity11838 )-modified proteins most potently inhibited the uptake of AcLDL. On the basis of the findings that @entity13789 -modified BSA and oxidation of LDL resulted in the formation of @entity13789 - @entity3793 Michael adducts, we examined whether the @entity13789 - @entity3793 adducts could serve as ligands for @entity4493 . The authentic @entity13789 - @entity3793 adduct inhibited the uptake of AcLDL in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, we found the interaction of @entity4493 with the @entity13789 - @entity3793 adduct to have a dissociation constant of 1.22 10(-8) M using a surface plasmon resonance assay. Finally, we showed that the @entity13789 - @entity3793 adduct stimulated the formation of reactive @entity26 species and activated @entity3962 and NF-kB (nuclear factor kB) in HAECs ( @entity1 aortic endothelial cells); these signals initiate @entity409 and lead to @entity731 . The present study provides intriguing insights into the molecular details of @entity4493 recognition of OxLDL.

title: Identification of XXXX - @entity3793 adducts that serve as ligands for @entity1 lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor-1.

entities_list: @entity3793 :: ('CHEBI:27570', 'Chemical') :: ['histidine']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['endothelial dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity3962 :: ('5594;5595', 'Gene') :: ['extracellular-signal-regulated kinase 1/2']

entities_list: @entity4493 :: ('4973', 'Gene') :: ['LOX-1', 'LOX-1 (lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity3569 :: ('10029', 'Species') :: ['Chinese-hamster']

entities_list: @entity11838 :: ('MESH:C027576', 'Chemical') :: ['4-hydroxy-2-nonenal']

answer: @entity11838 :: (MESH:C027576,Chemical) :: ['4-hydroxy-2-nonenal']


abstract: The regulation of the @entity1 @entity755 gene that plays a crucial role in lipid metabolism is apparently very complex, with multiple cis- and trans-acting regulatory factors. One of these factors is an enhancer region in the second intron. In this region a point mutation at position + 722 has been found that is detectable by the restriction enzyme @entity36360 . The report of Levy-Wilson et al. (1991) could suggest that the mutant allele (abolished @entity36360 site) is associated with hypocholesterolemia. To investigate further the possible effect of this mutation on plasma @entity165 levels, we have compared the frequency of the mutant allele between 206 @entity753 Norwegian or Czech subjects on one hand, and 165 hypocholesterolemic Norwegian or Czech subjects on the other hand. No significant difference in frequency was found between the @entity753 groups. This finding indicates either that the mutation at position + 722 does not affect the enhancer activity or that this in vitro enhancer activity is of little or no clinical significance. One of the Norwegian @entity753 subjects who was of Czech descent possessed the @entity755 3500 mutation that leads to defective binding of low density lipoprotein (LDL) to the LDL receptors. Haplotype analysis of the @entity755 gene in her family showed that the mutation-bearing allele was identical to that reported in other countries, indicating a common gene source.

title: @entity36360 polymorphism in an enhancer region of the second intron of the XXXX gene in hyper- and hypocholesterolemic subjects.

entities_list: @entity753 :: ('OMIM:143890', 'Disease') :: ['hypercholesterolemic and the hypocholesterolemic', 'hypercholesterolemic']

entities_list: @entity755 :: ('338', 'Gene') :: ['apoB', 'apolipoprotein (apo) B']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity755 :: (338,Gene) :: ['apolipoprotein B']


abstract: PURPOSE: To validate the feasibility of a single-fraction high-dose-rate brachytherapy (HDRBT) boost for @entity263 using real-time transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) based planning. MATERIAL AND METHODS: From August 2012 to September 2015, 126 @entity1 underwent a single-fraction HDRBT boost of 15 Gy using real-time TRUS based planning. External beam radiation therapy (EBRT) (37.5 Gy/15 fractions, 44 Gy/22 fractions, or 45 Gy/25 fractions) was performed before (31%) or after (69%) HDRBT boost. Genito-urinary (GU) and gastro-intestinal (GI) @entity137 were assessed 4 and 12 months after the end of combined treatment using the international prostate symptom score scale (IPSS) and the common terminology criteria for adverse events (CTCAE) v3.0. RESULTS: All dose-planning objectives were achieved in 90% of @entity1 . Prostate D90 >=  105% and  <= 115% was achieved in 99% of @entity1 , prostate V150  <= 40% in 99%, prostate V200 < 11% in 96%, urethra D10 < 120% for 99%, urethra V125 = 0% in 100%, and rectal V75 < 1 cc in 93% of @entity1 . Median IPSS score was 4 at baseline and did not change at 4 and 12 months after combined treatment. No @entity1 developed >=  grade 2 @entity137 . With a median follow-up of 10 months, only two @entity1 experienced biochemical failure. Among @entity1 who didn't receive ADT, cumulative percentage of @entity1 with PSA  <= 1 ng/ml at 4 and 18 months was respectively 23% and 66%. CONCLUSIONS: Single-fraction HDRBT boost of 15 Gy using real-time TRUS based planning achieves consistently high dosimetry quality. In combination with EBRT, @entity137 outcomes appear promising. A longer follow-up is needed to assess long-term outcome and @entity137 .

title: Single-fraction high-dose-rate brachytherapy using real-time transrectal ultrasound based planning in combination with external beam radiotherapy for XXXX : dosimetrics and early clinical results.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'GI toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate cancer']


abstract: The ubiquitin/proteasome pathway plays an important role in gametogenesis. Ubiquitin/ribosomal fusion protein is the precursor of mono-ubiquitin. We identified two ubiquitin/ribosomal fusion proteins genes in testis of @entity21397 . The ubiquitin-ribosomal proteins S27 and L40 are denoted as UBS27 and UBL40, respectively. The full length Es-UBS27 cDNA (565 bp) was cloned using PCR, based upon an initial expressed sequence tag (EST) isolated from a testicular cDNA library and the result of 3    RACE. The sequence contained a 465- @entity377 open reading frame (ORF) that encoded a protein of 154 @entity1522 . It contained a Ubiquitin (UB) domain and the ribosomal protein S27. The full-length Es-UBL40 cDNA (521 bp) contained a 390-nucleotide ORF that encoded a protein of 129 @entity1522 . It contained a UB domain and the ribosomal protein L40. By real-time PCR, the expression level of these two UB genes is shown to change significantly in the developing testis and ovary, reaching peak expression in August and October, respectively. During @entity444 seasonal development, the expression of UBS27 and UBL40 varied sharply and reached peak expression in November. In situ hybridization of testis and ovary, indicated that UB transcription took place widely. Our study demonstrates, for the first time, that UBS27 and UBL40 play key roles in gametogenesis and reproductive success in @entity21397 .

title: Expression characteristics of two ubiquitin/ribosomal fusion protein genes in the developing testis, XXXX and ovary of @entity21397 , @entity21397 .

entities_list: @entity21397 :: ('95602', 'Species') :: ['Eriocheir sinensis']

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity444 :: ('MESH:D006059', 'Disease') :: ['accessory gonad']

entities_list: @entity377 :: ('CHEBI:36976', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotide']

answer: @entity444 :: (MESH:D006059,Disease) :: ['accessory gonad']


abstract: Phospholipase A(2) ( @entity18470 )) from @entity18115 venom induced apoptotic @entity204 of @entity1 @entity1778 K562 cells. Degradation of procaspases, production of tBid, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, @entity588 degradation, mitochondrial translocation of @entity589 , and @entity4674 release were observed in @entity18470 -treated cells. Moreover, @entity18470 treatment increased Fas and @entity12 protein expression. Upon exposure to @entity18470 , activation of p38 MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) and @entity4675 ( @entity4675 ) was found in K562 cells. @entity4285 (p38 MAPK inhibitor) pretreatment enhanced cytotoxic effect of @entity18470 and led to prolonged @entity4675 activation, but failed to affect @entity18470 -induced upregulation of Fas and @entity12 protein expression. Sustained @entity4675 activation aggravated @entity8186 /mitochondria-dependent @entity204 pathway, downregulated @entity588 expression and increased mitochondrial translocation of @entity589 . @entity4287 ( @entity4675 inhibitor) abolished the cytotoxic effect of @entity18470 and @entity18470 -induced autocrine Fas @entity204 pathway. Transfection @entity25087 siRNA and overexpression of dominant negative @entity1435 MAPK proved that @entity25087 pathway was responsible for @entity18470 -induced p38 MAPK and @entity4675 activation and @entity1435 MAPK activation suppressed dynamically persistent @entity4675 activation. Downregulation of @entity23903 abolished @entity18470 -induced procaspase-8 degradation and rescued viability of @entity18470 )-treated cells. Taken together, our results indicate that @entity4675 -mediated autocrine Fas/ @entity12 apoptotic mechanism and modulation of @entity588 family proteins are involved in @entity18470 -induced @entity204 of K562 cells.

title: XXXX phospholipase A2-elicited @entity4675 activation is responsible for autocrine fas-mediated cell @entity204 and modulating @entity588 and @entity589 protein expression in @entity1 @entity1778 K562 cells.

entities_list: @entity18115 :: ('8656', 'Species') :: ['Naja naja atra']

entities_list: @entity4675 :: ('5599', 'Gene') :: ['c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase', 'JNK']

answer: @entity18115 :: (8656,Species) :: ['Taiwan cobra']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: This study describes the characteristics of a biosurfactant produced by Pseudomonas sp. BUP6, a rumen bacterium, and optimization of parameters required for its production. Initial screening of five parameters (pH, temperature, @entity2146 , incubation, and substrate concentration) was carried out employing Plackett-Burman design, which reduced the number of parameters to 3 (pH, temperature, and incubation) according to their significance on the yield of biosurfactant. A suitable statistical model for the production of biosurfactant by Pseudomonas sp. BUP6 was established according to Box-Behnken design, which resulted in 11% increase (at pH 7, 35     C, incubation 75   h) in the yield (2070   mg   L(-1) ) of biosurfactant. The biosurfactant was found stable at a wide range of pH (3-9) with 48   mg   L(-1) critical micelle concentration; and maintained over 90% of its emulsification ability even after boiling and in presence of @entity2827 (0.5%). The highest cell hydrophobicity (37%) and emulsification (69%) indices were determined with groundnut oil and @entity15788 , respectively. The biosurfactant was found to inhibit the growth and adhesion of @entity526 and @entity16330 significantly. From the phytotoxicity studies, the biosurfactant did not show any adverse effect on the germinating seeds of @entity579 and green gram. The structural characterization of biosurfactant employing orcinol method, thin layer chromatography and FT-IR indicated that it is a rhamnolipid (glycolipid). Thus, Pseudomonas sp. BUP6, a novel isolate from Malabari @entity1237 is demonstrated as a producer of an efficient rhamnolipid type biosurfactant suitable for application in various industries.

title: Pseudomonas sp. BUP6, a novel isolate from Malabari XXXX produces an efficient rhamnolipid type biosurfactant.

entities_list: @entity2146 :: ('MESH:D011595', 'Disease') :: ['agitation']

entities_list: @entity2827 :: ('MESH:D012965', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium chloride']

answer: @entity1237 :: (9925,Species) :: ['goat']


abstract: PURPOSE: Concerns about antibiotic resistance, adverse drug reactions and questionable medical benefits have led to changes in prophylactic antibiotic management in @entity2650 repair at our clinic. In March 2010 our guidelines were changed from continuous prophylaxis for 14 days to 1 dose preoperatively and another at removal of the stent. We analyze the effects of this new regimen. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a prospective journal cohort study of all our @entity2650 operations from June 2008 to December 2011. We collected data from consecutive @entity1 undergoing primary tubularized incised plate repair and postoperative stent. @entity1 operated on before March 2010 were compared to those operated on later. End points were @entity86 requiring antibiotics and any complication that required redo surgery. RESULTS: The study included 113 primary tubularized incised plate repairs with postoperative stents. @entity1 distribution was the same in both groups. Of 58 @entity1 in the group receiving continuous antibiotic prophylaxis 17 had a @entity281 , compared to 9 of 55 @entity1 receiving 2-dose prophylaxis. The @entity281 rate was 5% in the continuous prophylaxis group and 4% in the 2-dose group. In contrast to our expectations, a lower complication rate was observed in the group with lower antibiotic dose without an increased risk of @entity281 . CONCLUSIONS: There is little documented evidence concerning benefits of antibiotic prophylaxis for @entity260 , which gives rise to large variations in clinical practice. In our study lower antibiotic dose did not increase the number of @entity281 , but rather decreased complication rates. We advocate antibiotic prophylaxis with only a 2-dose regimen.

title: Advantages of Reduced Prophylaxis after Tubularized Incised Plate Repair of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity2650 :: ('MESH:D007021', 'Disease') :: ['hypospadias']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection', 'infections', 'complication and/or infection']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative infection']

answer: @entity2650 :: (MESH:D007021,Disease) :: ['Hypospadias']


abstract: Transplanted @entity1 bone marrow (BM) and umbilical cord blood (UCB) progenitor cells activate islet-regenerative or revascularization programs depending on the progenitor subtypes administered. Using purification of multiple progenitor subtypes based on a conserved stem cell function, high @entity264 dehydrogenase ( @entity24143 ) activity ( @entity24143 (hi)), we have recently shown that transplantation of BM-derived @entity24143 (hi) progenitors improved systemic @entity4854 and augmented insulin secretion by increasing islet-associated proliferation and vascularization, without increasing islet number. Conversely, transplantation of culture-expanded multipotent-stromal cells (MSCs) derived from BM @entity24143 (hi) cells augmented total beta cell mass via formation of beta cell clusters associated with the ductal epithelium, without sustained islet vascularization. To identify paracrine effectors produced by islet-regenerative MSCs, culture-expanded BM @entity24143 (hi) MSCs were transplanted into @entity3839 -treated nonobese @entity6 ( @entity6 ) @entity19 and segregated into islet-regenerative versus nonregenerative cohorts based on @entity4854 reduction, and subsequently compared for differential production of mRNA and secreted proteins. Regenerative MSCs showed increased expression of matrix metalloproteases, @entity470 ( @entity470 )-activating ligands, and downstream effectors of Wnt signaling. Regenerative MSC supernatant also contained increased levels of pro-angiogenic versus pro-inflammatory cytokines, and augmented the expansion of ductal epithelial but not beta cells in vitro. Conversely, co-culture with UCB @entity24143 (hi) cells induced beta cell but not ductal epithelial cell proliferation. Sequential transplantation of MSCs followed by UCB @entity24143 (hi) cells improved @entity4854 and @entity413 tolerance by increasing beta cell mass associated with the ductal epithelium and by augmenting intra-islet capillary densities. Thus, combinatorial @entity1 progenitor cell transplantation stimulated both islet-regenerative and revascularization programs. Understanding the progenitor-specific pathways that modulate islet-regenerative and revascularization processes may provide new approaches for @entity6 therapy.

title: Combinatorial XXXX progenitor cell transplantation optimizes islet regeneration through secretion of paracrine factors.

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes', 'diabetic/severe combine immune deficient', 'SCID']

entities_list: @entity470 :: ('1956', 'Gene') :: ['EGFR', 'epidermal growth factor receptor']

entities_list: @entity3839 :: ('MESH:D013311', 'Chemical') :: ['streptozotocin']

entities_list: @entity4854 :: ('MESH:D006943', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemia']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity264 :: ('CHEBI:17478', 'Chemical') :: ['aldehyde']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: PURPOSE: Endoscopic surveillance of @entity355 is problematic because @entity1141 /early-stage @entity5 is frequently invisible and likely to be missed because of sampling bias. @entity74 may be more @entity28004 . The aim was therefore to test whether DNA methylation, especially on imprinted and X-chromosome genes, is able to detect @entity1141 /early-stage @entity5 . EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: 27K methylation arrays were used to find genes best able to differentiate between 22 @entity355 and 24 @entity420 ( @entity420 ) samples. These were validated using pyrosequencing on a retrospective cohort (60 @entity355 , 36 @entity6349 , and 90 @entity420 ) and then in a prospective multicenter study (98 @entity355 @entity1 , including 28 @entity6349 and 9 early @entity420 ) designed to utilize biomarkers to stratify @entity1 according to their prevalent @entity1141 / @entity420 status. RESULTS: Genes (23%) on the array, including 7% of X-linked and 69% of imprinted genes, have shown statistically significant changes in methylation in @entity420 versus @entity355 (Wilcoxon P < 0.05). 6/7 selected candidate genes were successfully internally (Pearson's P < 0.01) and externally validated (ANOVA P < 0.001). Four genes ( @entity35739 , @entity25951 , @entity35740 , and @entity35741 ) showed the greatest area under curve (0.988) to distinguish between @entity355 and @entity1141 / @entity420 in the retrospective cohort. This methylation panel was able to stratify @entity1 from the prospective cohort into three risk groups based on the number of genes methylated (low risk: <2 genes, intermediate: 2, and high: >2). CONCLUSION: Widespread DNA methylation changes were observed in Barrett's carcinogenesis including    70% of known imprinted genes. A four-gene methylation panel stratified @entity1 with @entity355 into three risk groups with potential clinical utility.

title: DNA methylation as an adjunct to histopathology to detect prevalent, XXXX and early-stage @entity5 in @entity355 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity355 :: ('MESH:D001471', 'Disease') :: ["Barrett's esophagus"]

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplasia']

entities_list: @entity28004 :: ('MESH:C537755', 'Disease') :: ['diffuse than dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['Molecular abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal adenocarcinoma', 'EAC']

entities_list: @entity6349 :: ('MESH:D004416', 'Disease') :: ['dysplastic']

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['dysplasia']

answer: @entity1141 :: (MESH:C535662,Disease) :: ['inconspicuous dysplasia']


abstract: Effects of gestational @entity4854 on A and B cells were examined in pancreatic monolayer islet cell cultures of neonatal @entity35 from mothers of normoglycemia (C) and made slightly (SH), moderately ( @entity8176 ) and @entity1602 ( @entity1602 ) by @entity3839 injection. Monolayer cultures were maintained for 7 days in the medium with 5.5 mM @entity413 plus 1 mM @entity897 . On day 0, B cells of the SH group were more responsive to @entity413 and @entity6525 than those of other groups. On day 7, the response of B cells in the C and SH groups was remarkably enhanced, thus displaying a dose-dependent increasing pattern of insulin secretion in response to @entity413 , @entity6525 and @entity369 , and a convex-type secretion to @entity368 . However, there was no response by B cells in the @entity8176 and @entity1602 groups. Further, a dose-dependent inhibition of glucagon secretion due to @entity413 was seen in A cells of the C and SH groups on day 0 and day 7. The responses of these A cells to other nutrients were slightly decreased or were of a low convex-type. In the @entity8176 group, however, the glucagon secretion was remarkably enhanced due to @entity368 and @entity6525 on day 0 and day 7, and due to @entity369 on day 7, although it remained suppressed by @entity413 . A cells of the @entity1602 group were unresponsive through the whole culture period. These results suggest that the development of A- and B-cell responses in vitro of neonates was differently affected by the degree of maternal @entity4854 .

title: Maintenance of pancreatic endocrine B cells of neonatal XXXX : Part-XIV--Effect of maternal @entity4854 on the secretion of insulin and glucagon.

entities_list: @entity368 :: ('CHEBI:25017', 'Chemical') :: ['leucine']

entities_list: @entity1602 :: ('MESH:D006944', 'Disease') :: ['highly hyperglycemic', 'HH']

entities_list: @entity6525 :: ('MESH:C013082', 'Chemical') :: ['2-ketoisocaproate']

entities_list: @entity369 :: ('CHEBI:29016', 'Chemical') :: ['arginine']

entities_list: @entity897 :: ('MESH:D003847', 'Chemical') :: ['2-deoxyglucose']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: A method is described for obtaining and culturing large numbers of lung cells from normal adult male @entity35 . The lungs were perfused in situ to remove blood cells and then perfused via the @entity825 with a trypsin-collagenase solution to initiate tissue digestion. The tissue was further digested in the enzyme solution and approximately 2 X 10(8) viable lung cells were obtained per animal. Primary cultures contained a mixed cell population. Through eight subcultures about 70% of the cell population possessed an epithelial-like morphology, whereas the remaining 30% was fibroblast-like. Three clones of epithelial-like cells were isolated at the fourth subculture. The mass culture lung cells and the epithelial-like clone that was studied retained a normal karyotype and did not grow in soft agar. Both the mass culture cells and the epithelial clone metabolized the lung carcinogen @entity3014 (BP) to water-soluble products. Furthermore, the mass culture lung cells metabolized BP to intermediate(s) which mutated @entity3569 V79 cells from ouabain sensitivity to @entity7832 resistance. These lung cell cultures have potential use in cell transformation, mutation and carcinogen metabolism studies.

title: Culture of adult XXXX lung cells: @entity3014 metabolism and mutagenesis.

entities_list: @entity3014 :: ('MESH:D001564', 'Chemical') :: ['benzo(a)pyrene']

entities_list: @entity3569 :: ('10029', 'Species') :: ['Chinese hamster']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: OBJECT: The safety of carotid revascularization in @entity1 with concomitant extracranial @entity543 and @entity438 is rarely reported. We examine the risk of @entity510 ( @entity510 ), @entity439 growth, and ipsilateral transient @entity63 attack(TIA) or @entity64 after revascularization in @entity1 with both @entity543 and @entity438 . METHODS: A retrospective cohort study of @entity1 with concomitant diagnosis of @entity439 and @entity543 evaluated in the neurosurgical department at our institution from 1990-2013 was performed. Both revascularized and non-revascularized @entity543 @entity1 were included. Demographic and angiographic characteristics, medical history, and treatment outcomes were collected. Comparison was made between the following two groups: revascularized @entity543 with stent or carotid endarterectomy( @entity787 ) versus non-revascularized @entity543 . RESULTS: The study cohort consisted of 39 @entity1 with 48 stenotic cervical internal carotid arteries and 51 @entity438 . Twenty @entity1 (51.3%) underwent @entity787 /stenting, while 19(48.7%) were managed medically. @entity1 characteristics were similar across the two groups except for increased severity of @entity543 (p<0.001) and more posterior-circulation @entity439 (p=0.045) in the revascularized group. Ipsilateral @entity850 and @entity439 was observed in 9(40.9%) cases in revascularized group and 11(42.3%) in non-revascularized group. During average follow-up of 1.62 years, no @entity1756 was observed. One @entity64 occurred in the revascularized group during follow up, corresponding to an annual risk of 2.0%. One @entity439 occurred per group, with both located in the posterior circulation. CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that revascularization procedures for @entity543 should be considered safe and effective in @entity1 with concomitant extracranial carotid occlusive disease and @entity438 .

title: Is Carotid Revascularization Safe for XXXX with Concomitant Carotid Stenosis and @entity438 ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['ipsilateral stroke', 'stroke']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['SAH', 'subarachnoid hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity1756 :: ('MESH:D017542', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm rupture']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms', 'aneurysm', 'aneurysm enlargement']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

entities_list: @entity543 :: ('MESH:D016893', 'Disease') :: ['carotid stenosis']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral aneurysms', 'cerebral aneurysm']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: @entity6 secondary to @entity660 ( @entity660 ) represents a useful model for the study of the effects of chronic @entity4854 on @entity5714 in the absence of those genetic factors predisposing to @entity1723 . Our aim was to evaluate the prevalence of @entity8 and @entity989 in a group of 86 @entity1 with @entity660 . The genetic pattern, assessed by the determination of HLA antigens, was different than in @entity1 with @entity1723 . A family history of @entity6 was present in 53% of the @entity1 . The prevalence of @entity989 was 37%. Eighteen percent of the @entity1 with duration of @entity6 than 10 years showed an albumin excretion rate (AER) greater than 40 mg/24 hr. The prevalence of pathologic microalbuminuria (greater than 40 mg/24 hr) was found in 29% of the @entity1 with duration of @entity6 greater than 10 years. The prevalence of pathologic microalbuminuria is related to the duration of @entity6 . Both diastolic and systolic blood pressure is positively correlated to albumin excretion rate (p less than 0.02), suggesting a possible role of @entity101 in the evolution of @entity8 . Sixty-one percent of the @entity1 with AER greater than 40 mg/24 h had @entity989 , thus confirming the close association between @entity8 . Abnormal microalbuminuria and @entity989 were not influenced by a family history of @entity6 . We conclude that the prevalence of @entity5714 is similar to that seen in @entity1723 , and the metabolic abnormalities of @entity6 can play a direct role in the development of @entity532 .

title: Prevalence of XXXX in @entity4854 secondary to @entity660 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['nephropathy', 'renal and ocular complications']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetes', 'diabetes', 'diabetes less']

entities_list: @entity660 :: ('MESH:D010182', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic disease', 'PD']

entities_list: @entity532 :: ('MESH:D003925', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic microangiopathy']

entities_list: @entity1723 :: ('MESH:D003922', 'Disease') :: ['Type I diabetes']

entities_list: @entity5714 :: ('MESH:D000743', 'Disease') :: ['microangiopathic complications']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['retinopathy']

entities_list: @entity4854 :: ('MESH:D006943', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemia']

answer: @entity5714 :: (MESH:D000743,Disease) :: ['microangiopathic complications']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate technical success rate and clinical outcome of @entity1 with acute @entity432 who were treated with primary percutaneous revascularization. METHODS: At three medical centers the radiological information system databases were used to identify all @entity1 in whom primary percutaneous revascularization for the treatment of acute @entity432 was attempted between 2001 and 2010. Percutaneous treatment was performed in 15 @entity1 (median age 80 years, range 49-88 years). These @entity1 represent the study population. Eleven @entity1 reported @entity490 . Five @entity1 exhibited peritoneal signs. Revascularization was defined as complete technical success if (1) patency of the @entity6029 with residual stenosis of not more than 30% in diameter and (2) sufficient perfusion of the entire bowel were obtained. RESULTS: Complete technical success was achieved in eleven @entity1 . After percutaneous revascularization laparotomy was performed in six @entity1 and in three of them bowel resection was carried out (length of resected segments 20-80 cm). The 30-day mortality was 33% (five of 15 @entity1 ). None of the surviving @entity1 exhibited @entity5277 . CONCLUSIONS: Primary percutaneous aspiration and thrombolysis constitutes a promising alternative to surgical revascularization in selected @entity1 with acute @entity432 .

title: Primary percutaneous aspiration and thrombolysis for the treatment of acute XXXX .

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['embolic SMA occlusion', 'embolic superior mesenteric artery (SMA) occlusion']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity5277 :: ('MESH:D012778', 'Disease') :: ['short-bowel syndrome']

answer: @entity432 :: (MESH:D001157,Disease) :: ['embolic superior mesenteric artery occlusion']


abstract: @entity733 is a rare condition. In the setting of multiple surgical interventions, the risk of its development increases. A 49-year-old @entity1 presented with episodes of @entity1032 . He had two surgeries for a recurrent suprasellar @entity145 . The second surgery was complicated by a persistent cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak that required two repairs following which he developed @entity7961 and central @entity2010 . Twelve months after his last surgery he was diagnosed with @entity5827 . This was followed by recurrent hospitalisations for severe @entity3489 blamed on poor medication compliance. He was subsequently hospitalised for the evaluation of a @entity221 . Brain MRI showed @entity5034 . Exploratory surgery revealed a purulent collection in the sella and a mucosal graft which had been used to repair the CSF leak. After drainage of pus and replacement of the graft he recovered completely but requiring life-long hormonal replacement.

title: A @entity733 as recurrent XXXX and @entity5827 .

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['altered mental status']

entities_list: @entity5827 :: ('MESH:D008582', 'Disease') :: ['aseptic meningitis']

entities_list: @entity5034 :: ('MESH:D058565', 'Disease') :: ['ventriculitis and enhancement of the sella']

entities_list: @entity145 :: ('MESH:D016080', 'Disease') :: ['arachnoid cyst']

entities_list: @entity733 :: ('MESH:D000038', 'Disease') :: ['Pituitary abscess']

entities_list: @entity7961 :: ('MESH:C580003', 'Disease') :: ['panhypopituitarism']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['febrile illness']

entities_list: @entity3489 :: ('MESH:D006955', 'Disease') :: ['hypernatremia']

entities_list: @entity2010 :: ('MESH:D003919', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes insipidus']

answer: @entity3489 :: (MESH:D006955,Disease) :: ['hypernatremia']


abstract: Several laboratories have demonstrated the value of the isolated perfused @entity35 liver as a suitable model for heat-induced @entity99 in vivo. Membrane changes caused by perfusion of @entity35 livers at 42 degrees C for 90 min were similar to those induced by toxic chemicals or @entity519 . In an evaluation of several categories of drugs reported to reduce cell injury, @entity460 antagonists ( @entity594 , @entity592 , and @entity1855 ), were evaluated for their therapeutic potential for @entity130 . Isolated @entity35 livers were perfused at 42 degrees C for 90 min with and without @entity460 antagonists. Livers were also perfused at 37 degrees C. @entity972 and transaminase leakage, bile production and ultrastructure were used to evaluate their responses. Neither of the three @entity460 antagonists significantly improved any of the functional parameters measured. However, @entity592 produced dilated or vesicular rough endoplasmic reticulum in the heated livers. These changes suggest selective intracellular action on endoplasmic reticulum of heated livers. Ring-shaped mitochondria and vesicular endoplasmic reticulum were observed in the heated, @entity1855 -treated livers, but these could not be quantitatively distinguished from controls. @entity594 did not appear to alter intracellular membranes, but did increase bile production.

title: @entity460 antagonists and heat-induced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['Potassium']

entities_list: @entity1855 :: ('MESH:D014700', 'Chemical') :: ['verapamil']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity594 :: ('MESH:D009543', 'Chemical') :: ['nifedipine', 'Nifedipine']

entities_list: @entity592 :: ('MESH:D003620', 'Chemical') :: ['dantrolene']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic injury']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['heat injury']

answer: @entity99 :: (MESH:D056486,Disease) :: ['hepatic injury']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In forensics, the mouth allows for a myriad of possibilities. Lip print on glass or cigarette butt found at crime scenes may link to a suspect. Hence, a dentist has to actively play his role in personal identification and criminal investigation. AIMS: To investigate the uniqueness of the lip print patterns in relation to gender, @entity6910 blood groups and @entity5529 ( @entity5529 ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted on 208 randomly selected students. The lip print of each subject was obtained and pattern was analyzed according to Tsuchihashi classification. The blood group and @entity5529 at rest position was recorded for each. RESULTS: The study showed that Type II (branched) lip pattern to be most prominent. The B+ blood group was the most common in both genders and the @entity5529 is higher in males. The lip print pattern does not show any correlation between @entity6910 blood groups, gender, and @entity5529 . CONCLUSIONS: The lip print pattern shows no correlation with gender, @entity6910 blood groups, or @entity5529 . Further studies with larger samples are required to obtain statistical significance of this correlation.

title: Correlation of Lip Prints with Gender, XXXX Blood Groups and Intercommissural Distance.

entities_list: @entity5529 :: ('MESH:C535290', 'Disease') :: ['intercommissural distance', 'ICD']

answer: @entity6910 :: (28,Gene) :: ['ABO']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Carotid @entity729 is responsible for an estimated 5% of @entity64 . Carotid doppler sonography (DS) is a frequently used non-invasive method for assessing @entity543 and @entity730 . This study assessed the utility of panoramic radiography to detect any carotid @entity729 in @entity1 with and without @entity453 , as well as the level of agreement between panoramic radiographs and DS findings. METHODS: Ninety subjects who underwent coronary angiography for any reason in Namazi Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Science during an 11 month period received a DS assessment and panoramic radiograph. The radiopacities adjacent to the cervical vertebrae at or below the intervertebral space between C3-C4 were diagnosed as carotid artery calcifications. Carotid calcifications were scored as present or absent and pattern of @entity730 was noted by a maxillofacial radiologist who was blind to the angiogram and sonogram results. The final sample population was 84 subjects, providing data on 168 carotid arteries. RESULTS: The panoramic radiograph had a sensitivity of 66.6% and a positive predictive value of 45% for detecting carotid artery calcifications in @entity1 whose angiograms confirmed the @entity453 . It had 50% sensitivity in @entity1 with normal angiogram. The level of agreement between panoramic radiographs and DS results was weak. CONCLUSION: Because of low sensitivity and positive predictive value, the panoramic radiograph can not be considered an accurate or reliable method for detecting carotid @entity729 .

title: Evaluation of carotid @entity730 detected using panoramic radiography and carotid Doppler sonography in @entity1 with and without XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['ischaemic strokes']

entities_list: @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['calcification']

entities_list: @entity729 :: ('MESH:D061205', 'Disease') :: ['artery calcification']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity543 :: ('MESH:D016893', 'Disease') :: ['carotid artery stenosis']

answer: @entity453 :: (MESH:D003324,Disease) :: ['coronary artery disease']


abstract: AIM: To investigate the efficacy, safety and optimal duration of placement of modified retrievable metal stents for treatment of @entity1318 . METHODS: @entity1 were randomly divided into groups A (N  =  26, modified stents for 3  days), B (N  =  26, modified stents for 2  days), C (N  =  24, @entity384 ), and D (N  =  25, regular stents for 2  days). Clinical symptom scores were recorded at baseline, 6  months, and during long-term follow-up. RESULTS: Seventy-seven @entity1 with @entity1318 underwent stent placement (100  % success rate of implantation and extraction, no perforation). No stent @entity4222 or drop-off occurred in groups A and B. In group D, stent drop-off and @entity4222 was observed in 2 and 1 @entity1 , respectively. Two @entity1 in group C sustained esophageal perforation. @entity1 in the modified stent (A and B), balloon dilated (C) and regular stents (D) groups experienced significant improvement in @entity1282 at 6  months, with recurrence in 1.92, 8.33 and 28  %, respectively. The clinical symptom score in the modified stent groups was significantly lower than that in the balloon dilated group (P  =  0.01). During long-term follow-up, the symptom scores in modified stent groups were significantly lower than that in the balloon dilated (P  <  0.01) and regular stent (P  <  0.01) groups. CONCLUSION: Modified retrievable metal stents required an optimal placement duration of 2  days were safe with no incidence of @entity4222 or drop-off and had a lower recurrence of symptoms.

title: Long-term efficacy of modified retrievable stents for treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1318 :: ('MESH:D004931', 'Disease') :: ['achalasia', 'achalasia cardia']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4222 :: ('MESH:D014085', 'Disease') :: ['migration']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['balloon dilation']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['dysphagia']

answer: @entity1318 :: (MESH:D004931,Disease) :: ['achalasia cardia']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To examine whether hearing acuity correlates with walking ability and whether impaired hearing at baseline predicts new self-reported walking difficulties after 3 years. DESIGN: Prospective follow-up. SETTING: Research laboratory and community. @entity1 : Four hundred thirty-four @entity1 aged 63 to 76. MEASUREMENTS: Hearing was measured using clinical audiometry. A @entity1 was defined as having a @entity393 if a pure-tone average of thresholds at 0.5 to 4 kHz in the better ear was 21 dB or greater. Maximal walking speed was measured over 10 m (m/s), walking endurance as the distance (m), covered in 6 minutes and difficulties in walking 2 km according to self-report. RESULTS: At baseline, @entity1 with @entity393 (n=179) had slower maximal walking speed (1.7 +/- 0.3 m/s vs 1.8 +/- 0.3 m/s, P=.007), lower walking endurance (520 +/- 75 m vs 536 +/- 75 m, P=.08), and more selfreported major difficulties in walking 2 km (12.8% vs 5.5%, @entity13676 ) than those without @entity393 . During follow-up, major walking difficulties developed for 33 @entity1 . @entity1 with @entity393 at baseline had a twice the age-adjusted risk for new walking difficulties as those without @entity393 (odds ratio=2.04, 95% confidence interval=0.96-4.33). CONCLUSION: Hearing acuity correlated with mobility, which may be explained by the association between impaired hearing and poor balance and greater risk for falls, both of which underlie decline in mobility. Prevention of @entity393 is not only important for the ability to communicate, but may also have more wide-ranging influences on functional ability.

title: Hearing acuity as a predictor of walking difficulties in older XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'Women', 'person', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing loss', 'hearing impairment']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: Recent studies in vitro have shown that afterdepolarizations may develop during reperfusion after @entity519 , thus suggesting that these afterdepolarizations may contribute to the genesis of reperfusion @entity943 . We recorded monophasic action potentials (MAPs) during @entity741 and reperfusion to investigate whether afterdepolarizations develop in vivo when reperfusion @entity943 occur. In 15 anesthetized @entity468 , 24 trials of 10 minutes of occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery were followed by reperfusion. In 13 of 24 (54%) trials, afterdepolarizations developed at the moment of reperfusion, with a mean amplitude of 2.4 +/- 1.1 mV (13 +/- 8% of MAP amplitude). When cycle length was either increased by vagal stimulation or decreased by atrial pacing, @entity8658 ( @entity8658 ) amplitude was modified, according to what has been described for @entity8658 in vitro, with a positive linear correlation between cycle length and @entity8658 amplitude (r = 0.91, p less than 0.0001). The occurrence of @entity8658 was not related to rapid changes in left ventricular pressure. In the eight of 13 (62%) cases in which @entity8658 development was associated with reperfusion @entity943 , the coupling interval of the @entity8658 and of @entity1540 showed a significant correlation (r = 0.86, p less than 0.0001). However, in five of 13 (38%) cases, occurrence of reperfusion @entity943 was not accompanied by the presence of @entity8658 on the MAP recording. In two animals, a 2:1 block of @entity8658 conduction was observed, and this was reflected on the intracavitary electrocardiogram as T wave alternans. Thus, EADs occur frequently after reperfusion in vivo, with a time course that parallels the onset of reperfusion @entity943 . This finding further supports the role of triggered activity in the genesis of reperfusion @entity943 in vivo.

title: Early afterdepolarizations induced in vivo by reperfusion of ischemic myocardium. A possible mechanism for reperfusion XXXX .

entities_list: @entity8658 :: ('MESH:C580055', 'Disease') :: ['early afterdepolarization', 'EAD']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial ischemia']

entities_list: @entity1540 :: ('MESH:D018879', 'Disease') :: ['premature ventricular contractions']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmias']

answer: @entity943 :: (MESH:D001145,Disease) :: ['arrhythmias']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI) largely reduced the rate of @entity1002 after @entity583 ( @entity583 ). Though LV recovery begins early following revascularization, the optimal timing for re-assessment of LV function is still unclear. We sought to assess the proportion and timing of LV recovery in @entity583 @entity1 presenting with @entity1002 treated by pPCI and to identify possible early predictors of adverse LV remodeling. @entity583 @entity1 with LV ejection fraction (LVEF  <=40%) at presentation treated by pPCI from 2007 to 2013 were included whether they had an available 3-step LVEF assessment (<24h post-pPCI, discharge and follow-up). Primary endpoint was LVEF  <=35% at follow-up. At a median time of 3months, 43 out of 154 @entity1 (28%) had LVEF  <=35%. In @entity1 with persistent @entity1002 , LVEF was lower at admission and increased less during hospitalization (from 31  6 to 35  4% Vs 35  5 to 43  8% for @entity1 with 3-months LVEF >35%, p<0.001). Independent predictors of 3-months LVEF  <=35% were @entity1011 at admission, peak troponin I and LVEF. Of note, LVEF re-assessment at discharge (median time 6days, IQR 4-9) showed an increased accuracy to predict 3-months @entity1002 compared to LVEF at admission (AUC 0.80, 95% CI 0.72-0.88 vs AUC 0.69, 95% CI 0.58-0.79 respectively, p=0.03). In most of @entity1 presenting with @entity583 and @entity1002 , a significant LV recovery can be observed early following pPCI. LVEF measurement at discharge indeed emerged as the best indicator of late persistence of severe @entity1002 .

title: ST-elevation XXXX with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction: Insights into persisting left ventricular dysfunction. A pPCI-registry analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction', 'STEMI']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular (LV) dysfunction', 'LV dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarction']


abstract: In this study, the cDNAs of five cytochromes P450 genes (named CYP345P1, CYP358B1, CYP4FD2, CYP4CD2, and CYP6JN1) contained open reading frames from 1,500 to 1,554 nucleotides that encoded 499 to 517 @entity3534 were cloned from the psocid @entity33637 . They are characterized by predicted molecular weights from 57.67 to 59.64 kDa and theoretical isoelectric points of 5.57-9.07. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis showed these five genes were expressed at all tested developmental stages and higher expressions were observed in adults. CYP358B1 was expressed at higher levels in egg and adult compared to the larval stages. mRNA abundances of five genes were detected in both sexes and were relatively more abundant in adult females than in adult males. Synergism bioassay showed that the synergic ratio was 2.20 and 2.45 when insects were treated with the mixture of @entity316 or @entity2959 with the synergist @entity33638 ( @entity20333 ). Because @entity20333 induces cytochrome P450s in some insects, this suggested to us that cytochromes P450 might participate in detoxification of these insecticides. The transcripts of the five cytochromes P450 genes in adult psocids could be induced to the highest level at 12  h after the exposure to @entity2959 . After exposure to @entity316 , CYP358B1 reached maximum expression at 24  h. The maximum expression of the other four genes occurred at 36 h. Treatments with the @entity2961 propoxur did not influence transcription of the cytochromes P450 gene. The induction profiles suggested that these five cytochrome P450 genes may be associated with @entity316 and @entity2959 metabolism in psocids.

title: CHARACTERIZATION AND EXPRESSION PROFILES OF FIVE POSSIBLE CYTOCHROME P450 GENES FROM XXXX (ENDERLEIN) (PSOCOPTERA: LIPOSCELIDIDAE).

entities_list: @entity3534 :: ('MESH:D000596', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity33637 :: ('550478', 'Species') :: ['Liposcelis entomophila']

entities_list: @entity2959 :: ('MESH:D008294', 'Chemical') :: ['malathion']

entities_list: @entity2961 :: ('CHEBI:28616', 'Chemical') :: ['carbamate']

entities_list: @entity316 :: ('MESH:C017180', 'Chemical') :: ['deltamethrin']

entities_list: @entity33638 :: ('MESH:D010882', 'Chemical') :: ['piperonyl butoxide']

answer: @entity33637 :: (550478,Species) :: ['Liposcelis entomophila']


abstract: BACKGROUND: As part of a formal evaluation of the Quantiferon-Gold in-tube assay (QFT-IT) for @entity281 we compared its sensitivity to the tuberculin skin test (TST) in confirmed adult @entity1906 cases in Indonesia. @entity66 was used as a proxy gold standard for @entity281 . METHODS AND FINDINGS: We compared the sensitivity of QFT-IT and TST in 98 sputum smear and chest x-ray positive @entity1906 cases and investigated risk factors for negative and discordant results in both tests. Both tests showed high sensitivity; (QFT-IT; 88.7%: TST; 94.9%), not significantly different from each other (p value 0.11). Very high sensitivity was seen when tests were combined (98.9%). There were no variables significantly associated with discordant results or with a negative TST. For QFT-IT which particular staff member collected blood was significantly associated with test positivity (p value 0.01). Study limitations include small sample size and lack of culture confirmation or @entity645 test results. CONCLUSIONS: The QFT-IT has similar sensitivity in Indonesian @entity1906 cases as in other locations. However, QFT-IT, like the TST cannot distinguish active @entity66 from LTBI. In countries such as Indonesia, with high background rates of LTBI, test specificity for @entity66 will likely be low. While our study was not designed to evaluate the QFT-IT in the diagnosis of active @entity66 in @entity1906 suspects, the data suggest that a combination of TST and QFT-IT may prove useful for ruling out @entity66 . Further research is required to explore the clinical role of QFT-IT in combination with other @entity1906 diagnostic tests.

title: Sensitivity of the quantiferon-gold in-tube assay in sputum smear positive XXXX cases in Indonesia.

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['latent TB infection']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['TB disease', 'Smear-positive TB disease']

answer: @entity1906 :: (MESH:D014390,Disease) :: ['TB']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Recurrent @entity357 is frequently found in @entity1 undergoing reoperative antireflux surgery. The objective of this study is to report perioperative complications and subjective and objective outcomes for @entity1 who underwent reoperative intervention for symptomatic large recurrent @entity357 . METHODS: Retrospective review of a prospectively maintained database was performed to identify @entity1 with large (>=  5 cm gastric tissue above the crus) recurrent @entity357 who underwent reoperation after failed antireflux surgery. Data for preoperative workup, operative procedure, and postoperative 6-month follow-up were reviewed and analyzed. RESULTS: Two hundred twenty @entity1 underwent reoperation over a 6-year period. Forty-four @entity1 had large recurrent @entity357 ; 21 underwent redo fundoplication, while 23 underwent Roux-en-Y (RNY) reconstruction as remedial procedure. Short esophagus was found in 16 cases (6 of 21 redo Collis fundoplications, 10 of 23 RNY reconstructions). There was significant symptom improvement and high degree of satisfaction reported in both groups. However, @entity1 with @entity851 did better with RNY reconstruction compared with redo Collis gastroplasty. CONCLUSIONS: Repair of large recurrent @entity357 is a technically challenging procedure; however, there is high degree of symptom resolution and @entity1 satisfaction. RNY reconstruction might be a better alternative in @entity1 with @entity851 compared with redo Collis gastroplasty.

title: Outcomes of surgical management of symptomatic large recurrent XXXX .

entities_list: @entity357 :: ('MESH:D006551', 'Disease') :: ['hiatus hernia']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['short esophagus']

answer: @entity357 :: (MESH:D006551,Disease) :: ['hiatus hernia']


abstract: We report clinical and pathologic findings in 22 @entity1 with @entity2883 collected from 1966 to 1989. Ten cases were analyzed retrospectively. Organs affected included the lungs (n = 18), upper airways (16), kidneys (15), musculo-skeletal system (10), eyes (8), skin (7) and ear (5). Clinical manifestations of airway involvement included @entity8968 , @entity7364 and @entity1415 . Lung involvement was evident in chest X-rays in 18 @entity1 , 14 with a nodular aspects. Histologic study in 14 of these @entity1 showed @entity39 and @entity1333 . Clinical evidence of @entity8 was evident in 15 @entity1 and led to rapidly progressive @entity177 in 8. Biopsy in this group (n = 14) revealed focal @entity631 in 6 and diffuse disease in 8. Overall, 13 @entity1 died: 5 without diagnosis, 4 from @entity177 , 2 from sepsis, 1 from a lymphoma developing 3 years after immune suppressive therapy and 1 from unknown causes. Among survivors, one received a renal transplant and one remains in chronic dialysis. The diagnosis of @entity2883 is therefore based on clinical findings including rhino pharyngeal, pulmonary and renal manifestations.

title: [ XXXX : clinical and pathological report of 22 cases].

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['nephropathy']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrotizing']

entities_list: @entity1333 :: ('MESH:D014657', 'Disease') :: ['granulomatous vasculitis']

entities_list: @entity1415 :: ('MESH:D004844', 'Disease') :: ['epistaxis']

entities_list: @entity7364 :: ('MESH:D055154', 'Disease') :: ['dysphonia']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity2883 :: ('MESH:D014890', 'Disease') :: ["Wegener's granulomatosis"]

entities_list: @entity631 :: ('MESH:D005921', 'Disease') :: ['glomerulonephritis']

entities_list: @entity8968 :: ('MESH:D015508', 'Disease') :: ['nasal obstruction']

answer: @entity2883 :: (MESH:D014890,Disease) :: ['Wegener's granulomatosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To describe the use of @entity1 @entity465 virus (HIV) postexposure prophylaxis ( @entity7955 ) in adolescent survivors of @entity458 and to explore barriers to @entity7955 completion in this population. DESIGN: Chart review. SETTING: Two academic medical centers in Boston, Mass, between July 1, 2001, and June 30, 2003. @entity1 : Adolescents presenting to 2 urban pediatric emergency departments within 72 hours of a penetrating @entity458 . Of 177 charts reviewed, adequate documentation of the @entity458 and medical management was available for 145 @entity1 . INTERVENTION: Provision of @entity645 @entity7955 . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Documented completion of a 28-day course of @entity7955 . RESULTS: Among the 145 @entity1 , 96% were female, 38% were black, and 14% were Hispanic. Many @entity1 were uncertain regarding their exposures: 27% were unsure whether a condom had been used, 54% were unsure whether ejaculation had occurred, and 21% had blacked out during the assault. One hundred ten (76%) received @entity645 @entity7955 . Of the 97 @entity1 referred for follow-up at the academic centers, 37 returned for at least 1 visit and 13 completed a 28-day course of @entity7955 . Sixteen (46%) of those taking @entity7955 who returned for follow-up developed an adverse reaction to medication. Forty-seven percent of adolescent @entity458 survivors had carried a @entity146 diagnosis before the assault; adherence to @entity7955 was lower among these adolescents. CONCLUSIONS: We observed low rates of @entity7955 completion among adolescent @entity458 survivors. Potential difficulties of using @entity7955 in this population include uncertainties regarding exposure, high rates of @entity146 comorbidity, and low rates of return for follow-up care.

title: Use of @entity1 XXXX virus postexposure prophylaxis in adolescent @entity458 victims.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['sexual assault']

entities_list: @entity465 :: ('MESH:D007153', 'Disease') :: ['immunodeficiency']

answer: @entity465 :: (MESH:D007153,Disease) :: ['immunodeficiency']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The seventh edition of the @entity5 , node, metastasis classification for @entity2 has been published in 2009. The aim of this study is to evaluate time trends of surgical outcomes and clinicopathologic factors in @entity1 with pathological stage I @entity1149 according to the seventh edition of the @entity5 , node, metastasis classification. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the clinicopathologic characteristics of 1249 @entity1 with pathological stage I @entity1149 from Taipei Veterans General Hospital between January 1980 and December 2006, during the three periods of 1980-1990, 1991-2000, and 2001-2006. The overall survival, disease-specific survival, and postrecurrence survival were analyzed. RESULTS: The 5-year overall survival rates during the three periods improved significantly: 53.7, 59.9, and 69.3%, respectively (p < 0.001). The 2-year postrecurrence survival rates during the three periods improved significantly: 10.6, 25.4, and 43.2%, respectively (p < 0.001). The percentage of female @entity1 increased during each period: 15.4, 24.9, and 32.0%, respectively (p < 0.001). The percentage of @entity420 also increased during each period: 51.2, 62.2, and 74.9%, respectively (p < 0.001). @entity5 size during each period was 3.2, 3.2, and 2.8 cm, tending to be smaller when diagnosed in the last period (p < 0.001). The overall survival in @entity1 with @entity957 and those undergoing pneumonectomy or bilobectomy did not improve over time. CONCLUSIONS: Stage migration, improved postrecurrence survival, increased frequencies of female gender and @entity420 , and decreased @entity5 size lead to improved overall survival over the past three decades.

title: Time trends of overall survival and survival after recurrence in completely resected stage I XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity463 ( @entity463 ) is the most common, aggressive and malignant primary @entity1313 and is associated with one of the worst 5-year survival rates among all @entity1 @entity5 . Identification of molecular interactions that associate with disease progression may be key in finding novel treatments. METHODS: Using five independent molecular and clinical datasets with a set of computational algorithms we were able to identify a gene-gene and gene-microRNA network that significantly stratifies @entity1 prognosis. By combining gene expression microarray data with microRNA expression levels, copy number alterations, drug response and clinical data, combined with network knowledge, we were able to identify a single pathway at the core of @entity463 . RESULTS: This network, the @entity1435 network, and an associated microRNA, hsa-miR-9, facilitate prognostic stratification. The microRNA hsa-miR-9 correlated with network behavior and presents binding affinities with network members in a manner that suggests control over network behavior. A similar control over network behavior is possible through a set of drugs. These drugs are part of the treatment regimen for a subpopulation of the @entity1 that participated in the TCGA study and for which the study provides clinical information. Interestingly, the @entity1 that were treated with these specific sets of drugs, all of which targeted against @entity1435 network members, demonstrate highly significant stratification of prognosis. CONCLUSIONS: Combined, these results call for attention to @entity1435 network targeted treatment and present the @entity1435 network-hsa-miR-9 control mechanism as critical in @entity463 progression.

title: Gene expression and network-based analysis reveals a novel role for hsa-miR-9 and drug control over the XXXX network in @entity463 multiforme progression.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['tumor of the brain']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers']

entities_list: @entity463 :: ('MESH:D005909', 'Disease') :: ['GBM', 'glioblastoma', 'Glioblastoma multiforme']

answer: @entity1435 :: (1432,Gene) :: ['p38']


abstract: Enterobacteriaceae are not a frequent cause of @entity693 in adults and are seen mainly in neurosurgical @entity1 and on occasion in elderly and debilitated @entity1 . Consequently, most series studied have been small and selected. In order to obtain a clearer clinical picture, we reviewed 20 consecutive cases of Enterobacteriaceae @entity693 admitted to the Department of @entity166 , Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, during the years 1977-97. They comprised 1.5% of all cases of acute @entity4008 admitted to the department. All of the @entity1 were either elderly and/or had 1 or more underlying diseases and predisposing factors. The clinical presentation and cerebrospinal fluid findings were not different from that of acute @entity4008 in general. The mortality rate was 40% and correlated with simultaneous @entity582 . Complications were seen in a further 30% of @entity1 and 25% survived with different sequelae. These high rates may, at least in part, be due to the advanced age and debilitated state of the @entity1 studied. @entity526 was the most frequent of the Enterobacteriaceae.

title: Enterobacteriaceae XXXX in adults: a review of 20 consecutive cases 1977-97.

entities_list: @entity4008 :: ('MESH:D016920', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial meningitis']

entities_list: @entity693 :: ('MESH:D008581', 'Disease') :: ['meningitis']

entities_list: @entity582 :: ('MESH:C531821', 'Disease') :: ['bacteraemia']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['Infectious Diseases']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

answer: @entity693 :: (MESH:D008581,Disease) :: ['meningitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although percutaneous Melody valve implant has become an accepted alternative to surgical @entity338 in @entity1 with @entity299 , the benefit regarding frequency and severity of @entity943 remains undefined. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of Melody valve implant on the type and frequency of @entity943 during cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) and subsequent clinical outcome. METHODS: As part of the phase I Melody valve clinical trial, 136 @entity1 with @entity299 underwent prospective serial evaluation including CPET before implant, 6 months after implant, and annually thereafter for 5 years. @entity943 were defined as @entity1540 ( @entity1540 ) and supraventricular or @entity1165 ( @entity1165 ). RESULTS: Before Melody implant, @entity1540 occurred in 55 @entity1 (40%) and @entity1165 ( @entity1165 ) in 1 @entity1 during CPET. Median age at valve implantation was 19.0 years (range 7-53 years). During median follow-up of 4.9 years (range 0.8-7.3 years), there was no significant change in the proportion of @entity1 with @entity1540 during CPET at any follow-up interval (40%-45%). However, postimplant, @entity1165 occurred in 18 @entity1 , including 8 during CPET. Diagnoses in the @entity1 with @entity1165 were @entity215 (11), transposition (2), and post-Ross procedure (5). Improved hemodynamic status was not associated with resolution or prevention of @entity943 . CONCLUSION: Despite improvement in hemodynamics, Melody valve implant was not associated with resolution or prevention of @entity943 during CPET. @entity1540 or @entity1165 may be related to pathologic @entity1184 , @entity82 , dilation, or possible mechanical effects of the Melody device.

title: A prospective 5-year study of the frequency of XXXX during serial exercise testing and clinical follow-up after Melody valve implant.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['NSVT', 'VT', 'ventricular tachycardia', 'nonsustained ventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity215 :: ('MESH:D013771', 'Disease') :: ['tetralogy of Fallot']

entities_list: @entity338 :: ('MESH:D011665', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary valve replacement']

entities_list: @entity1540 :: ('MESH:D018879', 'Disease') :: ['premature ventricular complexes', 'PVCs']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['congenital heart disease']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmias', 'Arrhythmias']

answer: @entity943 :: (MESH:D001145,Disease) :: ['arrhythmias']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the occurrence and risk of @entity358 in @entity1 who underwent pre-and postoperative physiotherapeutic intervention in cardiac surgeries, as well as to compare these @entity1 to those who underwent only postoperative physiotherapeutic intervention. METHODS: A randomized controlled trial was performed with 135 @entity1 from 6 years of age and younger with @entity299 who had undergone cardiac surgery. @entity1 were randomly assigned to the intervention group (G1) in which they underwent pre- and postoperative physiotherapy or to the control group (G2) in which they underwent only postoperative physiotherapy. Mann-Whitney and the Chi-square tests were used to compare the variables between the groups. The magnitude of the absolute risk was calculated by the number of @entity1 needed to treat. Statistical significance was set at 5% (P<0.05). RESULTS: 17 @entity1 (25%) in G1, and 29 @entity1 (43.3%) in G2 presented @entity358 (P= 0.025), @entity55 was the most frequent complication, and among the 17 @entity1 in G1, seven (10.3%) developed @entity55 , six (8.8%) developed @entity891 , and four (5.9%) presented complications due to both complications. In G2, 13 @entity1 (19.4%) developed @entity55 , eight (11.9%) developed @entity891 , and eight (11.9%) developed @entity55 associated with @entity891 . Absolute risk reduction for the primary outcome was of 18.3% and the number of needed to treat was 5.5. CONCLUSION: Preoperative respiratory physiotherapy significantly reduced the risk of @entity358 in postoperative pediatric cardiac surgery.

title: Preoperative physiotherapy in prevention of XXXX in pediatric cardiac surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity891 :: ('MESH:D001261', 'Disease') :: ['atelectasis']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary complications']

answer: @entity358 :: (MESH:D008171,Disease) :: ['pulmonary complications']


abstract: @entity14911 ( @entity14912 ), a kind of widely distributed environmentally organic compound, has been found to cause developmental @entity137 . Although microRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in many metabolic tasks, whether and how they are involved in the process of @entity14912 -induced @entity137 is largely unknown. To address this problem, @entity14912 -induced changes in miRNAs and target gene expression in @entity3392 embryos, and the potential mechanism of @entity14912 -induced toxic action were studied in this research. @entity3392 embryos were exposed to 1     g   ml(-1) @entity14912 or @entity3733 control from 6   h post-fertilization (hpf) to 24 or 120   hpf. Subsequently, RNA was isolated from the embryo pool and the expression profiles of 219 known @entity3392 miRNAs were analyzed using microarray. Finally, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to validate several miRNAs expression of microarray data. The analysis revealed that @entity14912 exposure induced significant changes in miRNA expression profiles. A total of 39 and 81 miRNAs showed significantly altered expression patterns after @entity14912 exposure 24 and 120   hpf. Of the changed miRNAs, 20 were significantly up-regulated and 19 were significantly down-regulated (p < 0.01) at 24   hpf, whereas 41 were significantly up-regulated and 40 were significantly down-regulated (p < 0.01) at 120   hpf. These miRNAs were involved in development, apoptosis and cell signal pathway, cell cycle progression and proliferation, oncogenesis, adipose metabolism and hormone secretion, whereas there is still little functional information available for 32 miRNAs. Our results demonstrate that @entity14912 exposure alters the expression of a suite of miRNAs and may induce developmental @entity137 .

title: MicroRNA expression changes during XXXX development induced by @entity14911 .

entities_list: @entity14911 :: ('MESH:C076994', 'Chemical') :: ['Perfluorooctane sulfonate']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity3392 :: ('7955', 'Species') :: ['Zebrafish', 'zebrafish']

answer: @entity3392 :: (7955,Species) :: ['zebrafish']