abstract: Two experiments were carried out to test whether cells which are born in adulthood and migrate to the olfactory bulb of adult male @entity329 are activated during @entity146 , to determine the time course over which such responsiveness appears, and to ask whether activation is specific to sexual cues. In the first experiment, adult male hamsters were injected with @entity1603 ( @entity1603 , 50mg/kg b.w.) 3 times over the course of one week in order to mark dividing cells. Ten days, three weeks, or seven weeks after the first @entity1603 injection, the animals were allowed to mate with an estrous female for half an hour before being sacrificed. Confocal analysis of fluorescent immunostaining of @entity1603 and c-Fos first revealed dual labeled cells in the olfactory bulb 3 weeks after injection of the @entity1014 analog. In order to determine whether the activation of these newly generated cells is specific to sexual cues, we next compared the incidence of c-Fos expression in newborn ( @entity1603 positive) cells among male hamsters exposed to an estrous female, an aggressive male, a @entity2708 swab containing vaginal secretion from an estrous female hamster (FHVS), a @entity2708 swab containing peppermint, or a @entity2708 swab containing distilled water. In the mitral and glomerular layers of the accessory olfactory bulb, animals exposed to an estrous female had significantly more double labeled cells than did those given other treatments (p < 0.01). In the mitral layer of the main bulb, animals exposed to an estrous female had a significantly higher percentage of double labeled cells than those of other groups, except those exposed to an aggressive male (p < 0.05). No double labeled cells were seen in medial preoptic area (MPOA), medial nucleus of the amygdala (Me), the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST), or the hypothalamus. Our results indicate that cells born in adulthood are more responsive to cues arising from estrous females than other stimuli, and thus may participate in sociosexual behaviors.

title: Olfactory bulb cells generated in adult male XXXX are specifically activated by exposure to estrous females.

entities_list: @entity1603 :: ('MESH:D001973', 'Chemical') :: ['BrdU', "5'-bromodeoxyuridine"]

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['sexual behaviors']

entities_list: @entity329 :: ('10036', 'Species') :: ['golden hamsters']

entities_list: @entity1014 :: ('MESH:D013936', 'Chemical') :: ['thymidine']

answer: @entity329 :: (10036,Species) :: ['golden hamsters']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to detect and quantify circulating @entity5 cells (CTC) in peripheral and portal blood of @entity1 who had open or laparoscopic surgery for primary @entity694 . METHODS: @entity1 in the laparoscopic-group were operated on in a medial to lateral approach ("vessels first"), in the open-group a lateral to medial approach was applied. The enumeration of CTC was performed with the CellSearch System. Intra-operative samples were taken paired-wise (from peripheral and portal circulation) directly after entering the abdominal cavity (T1), after mobilisation of the @entity5 baring segment (T2), and after @entity5 resection (T3). Ploidy of both the CTC and tissue of the primary @entity5 was determined for chromosome 1, 7, 8 and 17. RESULTS: Thirty-one @entity1 were included; 18 @entity1 had open surgery, 13 @entity1 were operated on laparoscopically. The percentage of samples with CTC at T1 was 7% in peripheral blood and 54% in portal blood (p=0.002). At T2, 4% and 31% respectively (p=0.031). And at T3, 4% and 26% respectively (p=0.125). The cumulative percentage of samples with CTC was significantly higher during open surgery as compared to the laparoscopic approach. Both the CTC and tissue of the primary @entity5 were diploid for chromosome 1, 7, 8 and 17. CONCLUSION: The detection rate and quantity of CTC is significantly increased intra-operatively and is significantly higher in portal blood compared to peripheral blood. Significantly less CTC were detected during laparoscopic surgery probably as result of the medial to lateral approach.

title: Circulating @entity5 cells during laparoscopic and open surgery for primary XXXX in portal and peripheral blood.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colonic cancer']

answer: @entity694 :: (MESH:D003110,Disease) :: ['colonic cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To learn about @entity5 prevention services in primary care practices and to understand physician factors that affect the provision of these services. DESIGN: Survey of physicians and their @entity1 in 1992. SETTING: Cooperating physicians (n = 72) of a random selection of community general internist and family physician practices in New Hampshire and Vermont. @entity1 : @entity1 (n = 2775) of the study physicians for at least 1 year, aged 42 years or older, with no life-threatening threatening illness, who recently visited the physician. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Proportion of sample @entity1 per practice provided age- and sex-appropriate @entity5 prevention services in the previous year. RESULTS: In this primary care population, a high proportion of @entity1 received appropriate services in 1992. A periodic health examination within the past year was an important predictor for the receipt of many @entity5 prevention services. Female physicians provided more periodic health examinations than male physicians; internists provided more than family physicians. CONCLUSIONS: The strongest determinant of receiving preventive services is having a periodic health examination. If clinicians and policymakers decrease emphasis on the periodic health examination as a major opportunity to provide indicated preventive services, they should ensure that a satisfactory alternative strategy is in place.

title: Periodic health examinations and the provision of XXXX prevention services.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS', 'Patients']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine if a difference exists in perceived @entity158 between the forced pronation and supination-flexion methods of @entity135 ( @entity135 ) reduction. DESIGN AND METHODS: We developed a prospective randomized trial of @entity1 aged 6 months to 7 years who presented to the @entity341 ( @entity341 ) at Miami @entity1 's Hospital with an immobile arm and physical findings suggestive of @entity135 . @entity1 were randomized into 2 groups for @entity135 reduction: forced pronation and supination-flexion. Parents, physicians, and nurses were given a standard visual analog @entity158 scale for @entity158 assessment before, during, and at 1 minute after successful reduction. RESULTS: Seventy-five @entity1 presented to the @entity341 with @entity135 ; 3 @entity1 were excluded from the study because of nonadherence to the protocol and another 9 were excluded because of unsuccessful reduction during the first attempt. Of the remaining @entity1 , 32 @entity1 underwent forced pronation and 31 underwent supination-flexion. Physicians did not find a significant difference in gain scores between their perceptions of the premeasure and postmeasure of @entity158 between those @entity1 receiving supination-flexion and those receiving forced pronation. For nurses (P < 0.031) and parents (P < 0.043), there were statistically significant differences in gain scores. Nurses and parents perceived forced pronation as being less @entity158 . The mean difference for parents was 1.7 cm, which exceeded the value of 1.3 cm identified as clinically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Forced pronation is perceived as less @entity158 than the supination-flexion method by parents of @entity1 treated for @entity135 in our @entity341 .

title: Randomized comparison of XXXX perception during @entity135 reduction using supination-flexion or forced pronation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['RHS', 'radial head subluxation']

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['emergency department', 'ED']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'painful']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine if overall health status as assessed by the Short Form 6D (SF-6D) index, a preference-based generic measure of health, is associated with the occurrence of damage accrual and mortality in @entity1 with @entity1252 ( @entity1252 ). METHODS: We studied @entity1252 @entity1 (American College of Rheumatology criteria) from the LUpus in MInorities, NAture versus nurture cohort (LUMINA), a longitudinal multiethnic cohort. The contribution of the SF-6D as assessed at enrollment to damage accrual at the last visit and mortality was examined. All variables previously shown to be determinants of damage accrual and mortality and corroborated by univariable analyses were adjusted for in multivariable models (Poisson and Cox proportional hazards regressions, respectively). Damage accrual and mortality were the dependent variables. Similar analyses were performed examining the associations of the Short Form 36 summary measures (physical component summary [PCS], @entity1032 [ @entity1032 ]) with these outcomes. RESULTS: In 552 @entity1 , the SF-6D was negatively associated with damage accrual and mortality in the univariable analyses; the association with damage was confirmed in the multivariable analyses (chi(2) = 9.020, P = 0.002) but the association with mortality was not confirmed (hazard ratio 0.495, 95% confidence interval 0.041-6.038). When the PCS and @entity1032 were evaluated, the PCS, but not the @entity1032 , was found to be associated with damage but not with mortality. CONCLUSION: The SF-6D (and the PCS) as measured early in the disease course were found to independently predict damage accrual at the last visit, but not mortality. Although the SF-6D was originally conceived as a utility measure, it may be used to accurately assess overall health status in @entity1 with @entity1252 .

title: Using the Short Form 6D, as an overall measure of health, to predict damage accrual and mortality in XXXX with @entity1252 : XLVII, results from a multiethnic US cohort.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['mental component summary', 'MCS']

entities_list: @entity1252 :: ('MESH:D008180', 'Disease') :: ['SLE', 'systemic lupus erythematosus']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: An analysis of 113 @entity1 with @entity5 of the vulva seen at The Gynecology Service, Oncology Unit, General Hospital of Mexico, is reported. Mean age the group was 65 years, 91.1% had @entity957 and 74.3% were in stages III and IV. Seventy six @entity1 of the overall group, (67.2%) received treament, 67 with surgery, (88.1%) and 9, (11.8%) with palliative radiotherapy. Fifty seven of these, (75.0%) had a follow up that was without evidence of disease from 1 to 10 years (mean 3 year) in 27 @entity1 , (47.3%). Survival by clinical stages was: 1/1 for @entity189 in situ, 3/3 for stage I; 8/10, (80.0%) for stage II; 13/30, (48.3%) for stage III and 1/10. (10.0%) for stage IV. When radical procedures were performed, @entity5 free survival was: 8/14, (57.1%) for radical vulvectomies and inguinal lymph node dissection, 3/7, (42.8%) for radical vulvectomies combined with inguinal and pelvic lymph nodedissection and 1/6, (16.6%) for more radical procedures. Fifty five per cent of the radiated @entity1 finished their treatment without evidence of @entity5 . The most important prognostic factors in this series were presence or abscence of lymph node @entity3 , (7/78, 38.8% vs. 10/10, 76.9%; p less than 0.05) and diameter of the @entity75 . Evolutioned without @entity5 , 9/12, (75.0%) @entity1 with @entity5 of 5 cm. or less, versus 8/23, (34.7%) of the others, p less than 0.05.

title: [Malignant neoplasms of the vulva (analysis of 113 XXXX )].

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant tumors', 'cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['primary lesion']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['epidermoid carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: We report the first case of neuropathologically verified @entity304 - @entity303 complex of the Kii peninsula, together with the @entity1 's brother, who had @entity746 . The propositus @entity1 developed @entity304 and @entity303 at 63 years of age and died at 70 without displaying clinical features of @entity746 . The brain exhibited marked @entity1315 . Microscopically, there were many @entity3072 in the central nervous system, most markedly in the mesial temporal lobe and deep nuclei, as well as changes of @entity746 but no senile plaques or Lewy bodies. @entity3072 exhibited twisted tubule structures on electon microscopic examination, and an analysis of insoluble tau protein extracted from the fresh brain revealed a 60-, 64-, 68-kD triplet. The tau gene exhibited no mutations. Her brother developed @entity10296 -type @entity746 at 45 years of age and died at 49 without presenting with @entity303 or @entity304 . Neuropathological examination revealed not only pathologic features of @entity746 but also a moderate number of @entity3072 in the temporal cortex and deep nuclei. The siblings were neuropathologically similar despite their different clinical manifestations. These findings suggest that @entity746 and @entity304 - @entity303 complex of this family may be phenotypic variants of a @entity13859 caused by @entity74 .

title: Familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and XXXX - @entity303 complex of the Kii Peninsula of Japan: clinical and neuropathological study and tau analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity304 :: ('MESH:D010302', 'Disease') :: ['parkinsonism']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity10296 :: ('MESH:D010244', 'Disease') :: ['progressive bulbar palsy']

entities_list: @entity3072 :: ('MESH:C536599', 'Disease') :: ['Neurofibrillary tangles', 'neurofibrillary tangles']

entities_list: @entity1315 :: ('MESH:D004833', 'Disease') :: ['atrophy of the frontal and temporal lobes']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['genetic abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity746 :: ('MESH:D000690', 'Disease') :: ['amyotrophic lateral sclerosis']

answer: @entity304 :: (MESH:D010302,Disease) :: ['parkinsonism']


abstract: @entity1691 is a chronic, inflammatory @entity627 which etiology and pathogenesis are not yet fully understood. The @entity32 involves the spine and also the @entity1897 might be affected in some cases resulting in a progressive @entity3947 , restricted mobility, significant disability, loss of productivity and decreased quality of life. Gene technology based new drugs of the past decade, the biologic agents, offer an alternative opportunity for the treatment of @entity1691 in comparison with the previous drugs with doubtful efficiency. In Hungary infliximab and etanercept has been registered for @entity1691 . The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of infliximab and etanercept by the available randomised controlled trials. A systematic search of the literature was performed from 01. 01. 2000 to 08. 31. 2005. and the relevant publications were analysed following the concepts of evidence based medicine. 7 double blind, randomised, placebo controlled trials were identified, three for infliximab (n = 389) and four for etanercept (n = 431). Although the inclusion criteria, the duration of the trials and the primary endpoints were different, the results confirm that both drugs significantly decrease symptoms and disease activity, and this effect is sustained during the therapy, nevertheless half of the @entity1 did not achieve the standardised criteria of 50% decrease in disease activity. Both agents are well tolerated by @entity1 . The outcomes of long-term therapy are reassuring by open extension studies of three years. Guidelines for biologic therapy has been developed in Hungary determining the target @entity1 group, the conditions of the therapy and also an @entity625 centre network has been established. Though individual admission is feasible, biologic drugs are not under reimbursement in Hungary. High drug costs makes the implementation of this new therapeutic opportunity difficult in the daily medical practice.

title: [The role of biologic agents in the therapy of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity627 :: ('MESH:D012216', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatic disease']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['arthritis']

entities_list: @entity3947 :: ('MESH:D000844', 'Disease') :: ['ankylosis']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral joints']

entities_list: @entity1691 :: ('MESH:D013167', 'Disease') :: ['ankylosing spondylitis', 'Ankylosing spondylitis']

answer: @entity1691 :: (MESH:D013167,Disease) :: ['ankylosing spondylitis']


abstract: PURPOSE To prospectively study @entity73 and predictors 3 years after diagnosis in a large series of pediatric @entity1 treated for @entity816 ( @entity816 ). @entity1 AND METHODS Sixty-one of 67 @entity1 were grouped according to infratentorial, supratentorial midline, and supratentorial hemispheric site. Intelligence, memory, attention, language, @entity227 , and executive functions were assessed. Included predictors were sex, age, relapse, diagnosis-assessment interval, @entity1276 , kind of treatment, and @entity5 variables. Results All @entity1 with @entity816 had problems with sustained attention and speed. In the infratentorial group, there also were deficits in verbal intelligence, @entity227 , executive functioning, and naming. Verbal intelligence and verbal @entity2414 occurred in the @entity5 group. The supratentorial hemispheric @entity5 group had additional problems with selective attention and executive functioning, and the supratentorial midline @entity5 group displayed no @entity73 . More specifically, the dorsal supratentorial midline @entity5 group displayed problems with language and verbal memory. Predictors for lower cognitive functioning were @entity1276 , radiotherapy, @entity41 size, and age; predictors for better functioning were chemotherapy or treatment of @entity1276 . Almost 60% of @entity1 had problems with @entity4207 achievement, for which risk factors were relapse and younger age at diagnosis. CONCLUSION Despite normal intelligence at long-term follow-up, @entity1 treated for @entity816 display invalidating @entity73 . Adequate treatment of @entity1276 is important for a more favorable long-term cognitive outcome. Even @entity1 without initial @entity51 may develop @entity73 years after diagnosis, partly because of the phenomenon of growing into deficit, which has devastating implications for @entity4207 achievement and quality of life (QOL).

title: @entity73 and predictors 3 years after diagnosis of a XXXX in childhood.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual-spatial memory', 'visual-spatial']

entities_list: @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['hydrocephalus']

entities_list: @entity41 :: ('MESH:D018365', 'Disease') :: ['residual tumor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'brainstem tumor']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive deficits', 'extra impairments', 'cognitive impairments']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['severe deficits']

entities_list: @entity816 :: ('MESH:D001254', 'Disease') :: ['pilocytic astrocytoma', 'PA']

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['memory problems']

answer: @entity816 :: (MESH:D001254,Disease) :: ['pilocytic astrocytoma']


abstract: Two studies were conducted to evaluate visual locomotion scoring (VLS) and @entity426 ( @entity426 ) in detecting @entity158 . In study 1, one veterinarian performed VLS. @entity291 with VLS > or = 3 were hoof trimmed and the presence or absence of a @entity158 ( @entity158 ), defined as a reaction to digital pressure, was recorded. A strongly increasing pattern in the proportion of @entity291 with @entity158 was detected as VLS increased. The proportions of @entity291 with @entity158 were 5.6% (n = 53), 20.1% (n = 78), 55.5% (n = 164), 79.9% (n = 159), and 100% (n = 5) for VLS 1 to 5, respectively. Study 2 was conducted on a different farm. The entire farm was visually locomotion scored by 3 veterinarians on the same day, and the @entity291 were Stepmetrix locomotion scored by walking through the Stepmetrix system. Every @entity291 was trimmed during the following 2 d by 1 of 8 professional hoof trimmers. The 3 veterinarians identified, scored, and recorded any @entity158 . Interobserver agreement for the 3 veterinarians had a kappa coefficient of between 0.45 and 0.48 +/- 0.05. In total, 518 @entity291 were used in the analysis, from which 11.2% were identified with a @entity158 . Of the @entity291 diagnosed with a @entity158 , 32.8% were detected with a sole ulcer, 25.9% with @entity62 , 13.8% with white line abscess, and 27.5% with other diseases. A receiver operating characteristic analysis was performed; the area under the curve was larger for VLS (0.80; 95% confidence interval, 0.76 to 0.83) than @entity426 (0.62; 95% confidence interval, 0.57 to 0.66). When performed by trained veterinarians, VLS performed better than @entity426 in detecting @entity158 .

title: Association between a visual and an automated locomotion score in lactating Holstein XXXX .

entities_list: @entity426 :: ('MESH:D020233', 'Disease') :: ['SLS', 'Stepmetrix locomotion scoring']

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['white line disease']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['painful digit lesions', 'painful lesions', 'PL', 'painful lesion']

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['cows']


abstract: Severe @entity3465 is a prime factor causing perinatal mortality or morbidity. In Finland 1% of babies are born before 32 completed weeks of pregnancy and 0.9% are delivered with a birth weight of 1500 g or less. Since transport of a baby in utero is preferable to transporting a neonate, approximately 85% of @entity1 below 1000 g and 90% of @entity1 between 1000 to 1499 g are delivered in departments with facilities for neonatal intensive care. The rate of caesarean delivery is approximately 50% in pregnancies between 26 and 28 weeks, while the overall caesarean section rate is 15%. Deaths of low birth weight babies account for 66% of the total perinatal mortality and those of very low birth weight babies 46%. Intrauterine @entity204 constitute two thirds and neonatal @entity204 one third of perinatal mortality among very low birth weight babies. In Turku, neonatal survival rate for @entity1 of 500 to 749 g was 61.5% and for @entity1 of 750 to 999 g, 77.3%. In Turku @entity649 is one of main complications of @entity3465 that has led to death in 11.2% of @entity1 in recent years. Of the survivors, 85% have been healthy at the age of two years. The incidence of the @entity2107 among very low birth weight @entity1 has been 19.7%. In recent years, the incidence of severe @entity932 has been 32% among @entity1 with a birth weight below 1000 g.

title: Impact of XXXX on perinatal mortality and morbidity.

entities_list: @entity932 :: ('MESH:D020300', 'Disease') :: ['brain haemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity3465 :: ('MESH:C536271', 'Disease') :: ['prematurity']

entities_list: @entity649 :: ('MESH:D012128', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory distress syndrome']

entities_list: @entity2107 :: ('MESH:D001997', 'Disease') :: ['bronchopulmonary dysplasia']

answer: @entity3465 :: (MESH:C536271,Disease) :: ['prematurity']


abstract: We report a prospective study in two groups of @entity14 @entity1 carried out by @entity6499 ( @entity6499 ) with F(ab') fragments of monoclonal antibodies against @entity787 and CA 19.9 labeled with 131-I. Twenty-two @entity1 were studied before radical surgery and 12 @entity1 after initial surgery, when progressive increase in @entity787 was registered. Scintigraphic images obtained in vivo in @entity6499 studies were compared with scintigraphic images of the corresponding surgical specimens. Results were compared with known serum marker levels and with the presence and localization of markers in the excised specimens. @entity6499 images correctly identified 13 of 23 (52%) primary @entity5 , with only one false positive image. Scintigraphy of surgical specimens correlated with @entity6499 findings in 14 of 19 cases (74%). Four specimens which showed antibody uptake had not been visualized preoperatively in the @entity6499 study. Two of them were retrovesical and were obscured by residual activity in the bladder. Nine of 13 (64%) @entity1 with at least one elevated @entity5 marker were imaged. Staining pattern or intensity of antigen staining in the specimens did not correlate with @entity6499 findings. Recurrent disease was confirmed by laparotomy or other exploration in 10 of the 12 @entity1 with progressive @entity787 elevation during follow-up. Spontaneous normalization of @entity787 levels was observed in the remaining 2 @entity1 . @entity6499 studies were positive in 7 of the 10 @entity1 with confirmed recurrent disease. Of the 3 false negative @entity1 2 had liver metastases and one developed clinical lung, bone and adrenal metastases 11 months later. No false positive studies were observed in this group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Radioimmunolocalization of @entity14 . A correlation among @entity6499 results, surgical findings, serum XXXX marker levels and the presence of @entity787 and CA 19.9 in @entity5 tissue: the experience of the Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity6499 :: ('MESH:C536267', 'Disease') :: ['RIL', 'radio-immunolocalization']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumor']


abstract: 1. The effects of dietary @entity460 , available @entity3151 , @entity535 and antibiotic supplements on the digestibilities of @entity1522 and growth of broiler @entity1573 were investigated in two experiments. 2. The performance of @entity1573 fed on diets containing high concentrations of @entity460 and available @entity3151 was poorer with meat meal-based diets than with soyabean-based diets. @entity1853 supplementation improved the performance of @entity1573 fed meat meal-based diets. 3. A high dietary content of @entity460 (25.9 vs 11.8 g/kg) reduced @entity1573 performance and the digestibility of @entity367 , @entity368 and @entity815 but increased the digestibility of @entity376 and @entity3793 . 4. High dietary contents of @entity460 and available @entity3151 (24.3 and 13.0 vs 11.8 and 4.0 g/kg) reduced @entity1573 performance and the digestibilities of most @entity1522 . 5. Antibiotic supplementation did not improve the performance of @entity1573 , but increased the digestibilities of most @entity1522 in @entity1573 fed on diets with a high @entity460 or high @entity460 and available @entity3151 contents. 6. It was concluded that excess dietary @entity460 alone, or @entity460 and @entity3151 together, reduced @entity1573 performance and the digestibilities of most @entity1522 . Growing @entity1573 tolerated excess dietary @entity460 and available @entity3151 better in well-balanced @entity535 diets, such as soyabean meal or @entity1853 -supplemented meat meal diets, than in poorly balanced @entity535 diets, such as unsupplemented meat meal diets.

title: The effects of dietary concentrations of minerals, source of protein, XXXX and antibiotics on the growth of and digestibility of @entity1522 by broiler @entity1573 .

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity368 :: ('CHEBI:25017', 'Chemical') :: ['leucine']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity3793 :: ('CHEBI:27570', 'Chemical') :: ['histidine']

entities_list: @entity1853 :: ('MESH:D008715', 'Chemical') :: ['Methionine', 'methionine']

entities_list: @entity376 :: ('CHEBI:25094', 'Chemical') :: ['lysine']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity367 :: ('CHEBI:18237', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamic acid']

entities_list: @entity3151 :: ('MESH:D010758', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphorus']

entities_list: @entity815 :: ('CHEBI:28044', 'Chemical') :: ['phenylalanine']

answer: @entity1522 :: (CHEBI:33709,Chemical) :: ['amino acids']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Loss of @entity413 homeostasis occurs frequently in injured @entity1 . @entity5445 ( @entity5445 ) is a gut-derived incretin hormone that stimulates insulin and decreases glucagon secretion. The impact of the incretin system on glycemic control in injured @entity1 has not been extensively studied. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that glycemic control in injured @entity1 is influenced by circulating levels of @entity5445 . METHODS: A prospective, observational pilot study was conducted at a state-designated level 1 @entity130 center. @entity1 with injuries requiring admission to the intensive care unit were eligible for inclusion. @entity1 with preinjury @entity6 were excluded. Normoglycemic @entity1 served as the control group. The @entity1602 group consisted of @entity1 with initial blood @entity413 levels > 150 mg/dL. Mann-Whitney and   (2) tests were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Eleven controls and 19 @entity1602 @entity1 entered the study. The study group required ventilation more frequently (P = .047). @entity4854 (P = .029), but not @entity5445 level (P = .371), predicted mortality. @entity5445 levels varied greatly in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: @entity5445 levels varied in both control and @entity1602 groups. Mortality and mechanical ventilation rates were higher in @entity1 with @entity4854 .

title: Mild XXXX , but not @entity5445 predicts poor outcome after injury.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity5445 :: ('2641', 'Gene') :: ['Glucagon-like peptide-1', 'GLP-1']

entities_list: @entity4854 :: ('MESH:D006943', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemia', 'Hyperglycemia']

entities_list: @entity1602 :: ('MESH:D006944', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemic']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity4854 :: (MESH:D006943,Disease) :: ['hyperglycemia']


abstract: RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: To determine the recommended @entity1496 dose of contrast material (CM) for hepatic arterial-dominant phase (HAP) and @entity99 ( @entity99 ) imaging to assess @entity157 ( @entity157 ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a prospective study including 348 @entity1 with hypervascular @entity157 in 77 hospitals as a postmarketing surveillance to investigate the effects of body weight-tailored dose of CM (300 mgI/mL of @entity6111 ) for hepatic multiphasic contrast-enhanced multidetector-row computed tomography imaging. Informed consent was obtained from all @entity1 who were enrolled. The @entity5 -to-liver contrast (TLC) of HAP images was assessed qualitatively (QL-TLC) and quantitatively ( @entity96 [HU]; computed tomography [CT] value of @entity99 ). Minimal and sufficient @entity96 were defined as CT values corresponding to the median and 75% of QL-TLC assigned with "good," respectively. The recommended @entity1496 dose was estimated by the relationship between @entity1496 dose (mgI/kg) and @entity96 . RESULTS: There was a good correlation between @entity96 . The recommended @entity1496 dose of CM for HAP imaging was considered to be in the range of 567-647 mgI/kg based on minimal (33.7 HU) and sufficient @entity96 (40.9 HU). Meanwhile, the recommended dose of CM for @entity99 imaging was 572 mgI/kg as a dose that gives hepatic enhancement more than 50 HU during @entity99 imaging. CONCLUSIONS: The recommended @entity1496 dose of CM for HAP and @entity99 imaging may be different, being 567-647 mgI/kg and 572 mgI/kg, respectively, in assessing hypervascular @entity157 .

title: Recommended XXXX dose for multiphasic contrast-enhanced mutidetector-row computed tomography imaging of liver for assessing @entity157 : multicenter prospective study in 77 general hospitals in Japan.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['QT-TLC', 'QL-TLC and QT-TLC']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'hypervascular hepatocellular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic parenchymal phase', 'HPP', 'tumor-CT value of hepatic parenchyma']

answer: @entity1496 :: (MESH:D007455,Chemical) :: ['iodine']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: Alterations in signal transduction in vascular smooth muscle cells may contribute to @entity455 in @entity82 . Protein kinase C plays a role in vascular cell contraction by modifying contractile proteins and intracellular [ @entity141 ] homeostasis. The aim of this study was to examine the vascular reactivity and expression of protein kinase Calpha in aortae from @entity35 with @entity82 . METHODS: The contractile response to @entity4621 , a protein kinase C activator, was evaluated in endothelium-denuded aortic rings from normal and cirrhotic @entity35 . Protein kinase Calpha expression was determined by Western blot analysis. RESULTS: Maximal contraction was significantly less marked in cirrhotic (1.24+/-0.24 g) than in control (3.43+/-0.27 g) aortae. @entity4514 -induced contraction was dependent on extracellular [ @entity141 ] concentrations, as shown by a reduction in maximal contraction when control and cirrhotic aortic rings were exposed to a @entity141 -free medium. Increasing the intracellular [ @entity141 ], by incubation with a @entity141 ionophore, significantly increased the maximal contraction induced by @entity4514 in cirrhotic but not in control @entity35 aortae. Protein kinase Calpha expression was significantly lower in aortae in cirrhotic than in control @entity35 . CONCLUSION: These results confirm alterations in protein kinase C in aortae from cirrhotic @entity35 .

title: Protein kinase C alterations in aortic vascular smooth muscle cells from XXXX with @entity82 .

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular hyporeactivity']

entities_list: @entity4621 :: ('CHEBI:37532', 'Chemical') :: ['phorbol ester']

entities_list: @entity4514 :: ('MESH:D013755', 'Chemical') :: ['phorbol myristate-acetate', 'Phorbol myristate-acetate']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the outcomes of primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST elevation @entity583 complicated by @entity1455 . METHODS: The retrospective study was conducted at the Tabba Heart Institute, a private-sector facility in Karachi. It reviewed the medical records of 56 consecutive @entity1 between January 2009 and June 2011 with @entity583 complicated by @entity1455 and subjected to primary percutaneous coronary intervention. The primary end point was in-hospital mortality and its predictors. SPSS 14 was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: The mean age of the study @entity1 was 63 +/- 11.7 years; 38 (68%) were male; 32 (57%) were @entity101 ; and 39 (69%) were @entity6 . Most @entity1188 were anterior in location (n = 36; 64%). Besides, 33 (59%) required ventilatory support. Intra-aortic balloon pump was placed in 30 (54%), and 33 (59%) @entity1 had multivessel @entity453 . In-hospital mortality occurred in 26 (46%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age > 60 years (p < 0.05), @entity6 (p < 0.01) and left ventricular ejection fraction < 40% (p < 0.01) were independent predictors of in-hospital mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Results emphasise the need of aggressive management of @entity1 with @entity1455 utilising primary percutaneous coronary intervention as a reperfusion strategy to improve clinical outcomes.

title: Primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST elevation XXXX complicated by @entity1455 .

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['acute ST elevation myocardial infarction', 'myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity1455 :: ('MESH:D012770', 'Disease') :: ['cardiogenic shock']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarction']


abstract: These studies define the site and mechanisms of reproductive @entity137 of @entity17884 (EGME) in a nongravid female animal model using in vivo and in vitro methods. In vivo studies assessed vaginal cytology and histology, ovarian histology, and serum hormones in 80- to 90-day-old, adult, regularly cycling, female @entity35 treated daily with EGME or vehicle by oral gavage. Dose-response and time-course studies (four to nine @entity35 per group per treatment) determined that 300 mg/kg EGME suppressed cyclicity without systemic @entity137 within 3 to 8 days, and doses less than 100 mg/kg had no effect. Pathogenesis studies (six to nine @entity35 per time and treatment) determined that 300 mg/kg EGME elevated serum @entity1420 within 32 hr after dosing, while serum @entity53 , FSH, LH, and prolactin remained at baseline levels. In EGME-treated @entity35 , cyclicity was suppressed, ovulation was inhibited, and corpora lutea were @entity1184 . Thus, EGME appeared to target the ovarian luteal cell. To further examine the @entity137 in vitro, luteal cells were recovered from 23-day-old, hCG-primed @entity35 and treated with 0-10 mM @entity25786 ( @entity11596 ), the proximate toxic metabolite of EGME. @entity11596 (1-10 mM) maintained elevated @entity1420 levels as production declined in untreated cells at 24 and 48 hr of culture. @entity1420 production was maintained independent of LH-stimulated @entity268 levels. @entity11596 decreased @entity855 , but only at 48 hr and at 2.5 mM or greater concentrations. Thus, these studies establish that the ovarian luteal cell is a target of EGME and @entity11596 in vivo and in vitro and that the effect on luteal cell @entity1420 production is likely independent of LH-stimulated @entity268 pathways.

title: Ovarian luteal cell XXXX of @entity17884 and @entity25786 in vivo and in vitro.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone', 'Progesterone']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophied']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['estradiol']

entities_list: @entity25786 :: ('MESH:C013598', 'Chemical') :: ['methoxy acetic acid']

entities_list: @entity17884 :: ('MESH:C005219', 'Chemical') :: ['ethylene glycol monomethyl ether']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague-Dawley rats', 'rats']

answer: @entity137 :: (MESH:D064420,Disease) :: ['toxicity']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1566 is a most dreaded and unpredictable complication. In this study, based on our experimental results in @entity235 and early clinical results, we reviewed the incidence of @entity451 and the detection of @entity1566 . METHODS: Eighty-two @entity1 who underwent elective surgical repair of the descending thoracic and thoracoabdominal aorta over 17 years were subjects for this study. Sixty-two @entity1 were male and 20 were female. Their mean age was 61.6 years (range, 17 to 81 years). Monitoring @entity3325 ( @entity3325 ) and measurement of mean distal aortic pressure and cerebrospinal fluid pressure were performed perioperatively. RESULTS: Sixty @entity1 had no ischemic change in @entity3325 . In 17 @entity1 with significant ischemic changes of @entity3325 , @entity3325 recovered by increasing spinal cord perfusion pressure to more than 40 mm Hg. Two @entity1 with complete loss of @entity3325 experienced @entity451 . One @entity1 had delayed @entity451 . CONCLUSIONS: These results strongly suggest that @entity3325 , mean distal aortic pressure, cerebrospinal fluid pressure should be monitored during aortic cross-clamping. Maintaining spinal cord perfusion pressure at more than 40 mm Hg by increasing mean distal aortic pressure or withdrawal of cerebrospinal fluid is valuable for preventing @entity451 .

title: Prevention and detection of XXXX during thoracic and thoracoabdominal aortic repairs.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3325 :: ('MESH:D020886', 'Disease') :: ['SEP', 'somatosensory evoked potentials']

entities_list: @entity1566 :: ('MESH:D013119', 'Disease') :: ['Spinal cord injury', 'spinal cord injury']

entities_list: @entity451 :: ('MESH:C536857', 'Disease') :: ['paraplegia']

answer: @entity1566 :: (MESH:D013119,Disease) :: ['spinal cord injury']


abstract: Although often successful in acute settings, long-term use of @entity158 medications may be accompanied by waning levels of analgesic response not readily attributable to advancing underlying disease, necessitating dose escalation to attain @entity158 relief. Analgesic tolerance, and more recently opioid-induced @entity1931 , have been invoked to explain such declines in opioid effectiveness over time. Because both phenomena result in inadequate @entity1337 , they are difficult to distinguish in a clinical setting. @entity1 with otherwise uncomplicated @entity1643 were titrated to comfort or dose-limiting side effects in a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial using sustained-release @entity1286 or weight-matched placebo capsules for 1 month. A total of 103 @entity1 completed the study, with an average end titration dose of 78 mg @entity1286 /d. After 1 month, the @entity1286 -treated @entity1 developed tolerance to the analgesic effects of @entity1937 , but did not develop opioid-induced @entity1931 . On average, these @entity1 experienced a 42% reduction in analgesic potency. The @entity1286 -treated @entity1 experienced clinically relevant improvements in @entity158 relief, as shown by a 44% reduction in average visual analogue scale @entity158 levels and a 31% improvement in functional ability. The differences in visual analogue scale @entity158 levels (P = .003) and self-reported disability (P = .03) between both treatment groups were statistically significant. After 1 month of oral @entity1286 therapy, @entity1 with chronic @entity1643 developed tolerance but not opioid-induced @entity1931 . Improvements in @entity158 and functional ability were observed.

title: Analgesic tolerance without demonstrable opioid-induced @entity1931 : a double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of sustained-release XXXX for treatment of chronic @entity1643 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1643 :: ('MESH:D017116', 'Disease') :: ['low-back pain']

entities_list: @entity1931 :: ('MESH:D006930', 'Disease') :: ['hyperalgesia']

entities_list: @entity1337 :: ('MESH:D000699', 'Disease') :: ['analgesia']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'opioid pain']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine']

entities_list: @entity1937 :: ('MESH:C071741', 'Chemical') :: ['remifentanil']

answer: @entity1286 :: (MESH:D009020,Chemical) :: ['morphine']


abstract: The transcription factor @entity268 responsive element-binding protein (CREB) and activating transcription factors (ATFs) are downstream components of the @entity8446 /IGF cascade, playing crucial roles in maintaining cell viability and embryo survival. One of the CREB target genes is adiponectin, which acts synergistically with @entity8446 . We have studied the CREB-ATF-adiponectin network in @entity95 preimplantation development in vivo and in vitro. From the blastocyst stage onwards, CREB and @entity51880 , @entity51881 , and @entity51882 are present with increasing expression for CREB, @entity51880 , and @entity51881 during gastrulation and with a dominant expression in the embryoblast (EB). In vitro stimulation with @entity8446 and @entity2503 reduced CREB and @entity51880 transcripts by approximately 50%, whereas CREB phosphorylation was increased. Activation of CREB was accompanied by subsequent reduction in adiponectin and @entity51883 expression. Under in vivo conditions of @entity1723 , maternal adiponectin levels were up-regulated in serum and endometrium. Embryonic CREB expression was altered in a cell lineage-specific pattern. Although in EB cells CREB localization did not change, it was translocated from the nucleus into the cytosol in @entity3567 ( @entity3567 ) cells. In @entity3567 , adiponectin expression was increased ( @entity6 427.8    59.3 pg/mL vs normoinsulinaemic 143.9    26.5 pg/mL), whereas it was no longer measureable in the EB. Analysis of embryonic adipoRs showed an increased expression of @entity51883 and no changes in @entity51884 transcription. We conclude that the transcription factors CREB and ATFs vitally participate in embryo-maternal cross talk before implantation in a cell lineage-specific manner. Embryonic CREB/ATFs act as @entity8446 /IGF sensors. Lack of @entity8446 is compensated by a CREB-mediated adiponectin expression, which may maintain @entity413 uptake in blastocysts grown in @entity6 mothers.

title: XXXX -responsive element binding protein: a vital link in embryonic hormonal adaptation.

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic']

entities_list: @entity1723 :: ('MESH:D003922', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes type 1']

entities_list: @entity3567 :: ('MESH:D014328', 'Disease') :: ['trophoblast', 'TB']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity51883 :: ('100144332(Tax:9986)', 'Gene') :: ['adiponectin receptor (adipoR)1', 'adipoR1']

answer: @entity268 :: (CHEBI:17489,Chemical) :: ['cAMP']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Respiratory complications are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in @entity1 with cervical @entity1566 (CSCI). We hypothesized that @entity1 with CSCI had @entity1208 , predisposing them to aspiration. The purpose of this study was to characterize esophageal function in these @entity1 . METHODS: CSCI and similarly injured control ( @entity1566 below T1) subjects were prospectively enrolled from two @entity130 centers. All underwent esophageal manometry to measure lower (LES) and @entity2910 ( @entity2910 ) pressures. A subset of @entity1 had detailed manometry and 24-hour pH studies performed to evaluate dynamic esophageal function. RESULTS: Eighteen CSCI and five control subjects were enrolled. The groups were similar with regards to age, sex, injury mechanism, Injury Severity Score, and hospital stay. Resting LES and @entity2910 pressures were similar in CSCI and control @entity1 and did not differ from established norms. Five CSCI and two control @entity1 underwent detailed manometric assessment. Defective @entity2910 relaxation was observed in all CSCI @entity1 but not controls. CSCI @entity1 had increased @entity2910 relaxation pressures (18.4 +/- 5.3 versus 3.9 +/- 0.7 mm Hg; p = 0.01) and @entity2910 bolus pressures (23.8 +/- 2.2 versus 10.2 +/- 6.9 mm Hg; p = 0.006) compared with controls. Esophageal body and LES function were normal. Two of five CSCI @entity1 had abnormal 24-hour pH studies. CONCLUSION: @entity1 with CSCI demonstrate significantly disturbed dynamic function of the pharynx and @entity2910 while resting parameters remain normal. Because adequate @entity2910 relaxation is critical to the clearance of secretions and coordination of swallowing, this is an important potential mechanism of aspiration in @entity1 with CSCI.

title: XXXX in cervical @entity1566 : a potentially important mechanism of aspiration.

entities_list: @entity2910 :: ('MESH:D004941', 'Disease') :: ['upper esophageal sphincter', 'UES']

entities_list: @entity1208 :: ('MESH:D004935', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1566 :: ('MESH:D013119', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord injury']

answer: @entity1208 :: (MESH:D004935,Disease) :: ['Esophageal dysfunction']


abstract: @entity2012 is characterized by major cardiovascular alterations. Although the underlying mechanisms of these vascular modifications have not been elucidated, recent studies have focused on @entity409 . @entity842 (NO) may contribute to increased vascular resistance, reduced @entity1423 , inhibition of smooth muscle cell proliferation, and reduction of lipoxygenase activity. At present, no data on NO production in acromegalics are available. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of high levels of growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-1 ( @entity442 ) present in @entity2012 on NO pathway to investigate the role played by this molecule in the cardiovascular changes experienced by these @entity1 . We studied 13 acromegalics and 12 sex- and age-matched normotensive controls. Platelet NO levels were measured in the supernatant of lysed platelets. Endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) was determined by Western blot analysis of platelets. NO concentrations were significantly reduced in @entity1 (p<0.0001). There were no differences between male and female @entity1 , nor were platelet NO levels and the presence/absence of @entity101 related in acromegalics; by contrast, NO concentrations inversely correlated with GH (p=0.03) and @entity442 (p=0.04) levels, and with disease duration (p=0.04). eNOS protein concentrations were significantly reduced in the platelets of @entity1 compared with controls (p<0.0001). This study demonstrates for the first time a strong reduction in platelet NO concentrations in acromegalic @entity1 due to reduced eNOS expression. Moreover the inverse correlation of NO levels with GH, @entity442 and disease duration suggests that reduced levels of platelet NO linked to GH excess may contribute to the vascular alterations affecting @entity1 with @entity2012 .

title: Reduced XXXX levels in @entity2012 : cardiovascular implications.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity1423 :: ('MESH:D001791', 'Disease') :: ['platelet aggregation']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['endothelial dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity2012 :: ('MESH:D000172', 'Disease') :: ['acromegaly', 'Acromegaly']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['Nitric oxide']

answer: @entity842 :: (MESH:D009569,Chemical) :: ['nitric oxide']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A previous study has shown that shorter bevacizumab infusions (0.5 mg/kg/min) can be safely administered without increasing the risk of infusion-related @entity56 reactions (HSRs). However, the risk of @entity644 and @entity101 in @entity1 receiving shorter infusions of bevacizumab is undetermined. @entity1 AND METHODS: This was a multicenter, prospective, observational study in @entity1 receiving <10 mg/kg of bevacizumab infused over 0.5 mg/kg/min. @entity1 were observed until discontinuation of bevacizumab for progression of @entity5 or @entity137 . The incidence of @entity101 and @entity644 was compared with a prior cohort of @entity1 who had received standard duration infusions of bevacizumab. RESULTS: Sixty-three @entity1 received a total of 392 doses of shorter bevacizumab infusions. Nineteen (30.2%) @entity1 experienced @entity644 while receiving bevacizumab. Out of 19 @entity1 , 13 had grade 1 and 6 had grade 2 @entity644 . None of the @entity1 experienced grade 3 or 4 @entity644 . @entity101 was reported in 32 (50.8%) @entity1 receiving bevacizumab. Twelve (19%) @entity1 developed grade 3 or greater @entity101 on bevacizumab. The incidence of @entity644 and @entity101 was 38.3% and 56.6%, respectively, in @entity1 (N = 120, 1347 infusions) receiving standard duration infusions of bevacizumab. CONCLUSIONS: Shorter bevacizumab infusions (0.5 mg/kg/min) do not increase the risk of @entity644 and @entity101 .

title: Shorter bevacizumab infusions do not increase the incidence of XXXX and @entity101 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'Hypertension']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['hypersensitivity']

answer: @entity644 :: (MESH:D011507,Disease) :: ['proteinuria']


abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate @entity5 response and @entity137 to @entity1260 and continuous infusion etoposide in metastatic or locally advanced soft tissue @entity242 , with dose escalations under @entity1261 ( @entity1261 ) support. Of 92 eligible @entity1 (median age 51 years), 85% had @entity5 of high-grade @entity5 and 82% had metastatic disease. Chemotherapy, the baseline dose, consisted of @entity2879 600 mg/m2 as a 72 h infusion and @entity1260 1500 mg/ m2/day for 3 days, followed by @entity1261 support (VIG regimen). Stepwise 10% dose escalations were performed depending on haematological @entity137 . For @entity1 considered operable after induction chemotherapy, surgical resection of all identifiable @entity5 was attempted. Complete and partial response rates were 11% and 31%, for an overall response rate of 42% (95% CI 31-52%). Forty-eight per cent of courses were dose escalated by a median of 20%. Complete responders had significantly higher, and @entity1 with @entity74 had significantly lower, dose levels than other @entity1 . None of 20 @entity1 with liver @entity3 responded despite high dose levels. Compared to a preceding pilot study, the addition of @entity1261 led to significantly higher dose levels, improved schedule adherence and less haematological @entity137 , but no apparent increase in response rate. In view of the modest dose of @entity1260 applied in this study, it is possible that the prolonged infusion of etoposide made a significant contribution to the regimen's antitumour activity, although this can only be determined definitively in a randomised study.

title: XXXX and continuous infusion etoposide in advanced @entity242 . A Scandinavian Sarcoma Group Phase II Study.

entities_list: @entity1261 :: ('1440', 'Gene') :: ['G-CSF', 'granulocyte colony-stimulating factor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['residual tumour', 'tumours', 'malignancy', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity2879 :: ('MESH:D005047', 'Chemical') :: ['etoposide']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['progressive disease']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity1260 :: ('MESH:D007069', 'Chemical') :: ['ifosfamide']

answer: @entity1260 :: (MESH:D007069,Chemical) :: ['Ifosfamide']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: We sought to retrospectively measure the accuracy of @entity156 ( @entity156 ) triage algorithms and their component physiologic variables in predicting adult @entity1 with @entity130 . METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of 1,144 consecutive adult @entity1 transported by ambulance and admitted to 2 @entity130 centers. Association between first-recorded out-of-hospital physiologic variables and a resource-based definition of severe @entity1230 context was determined. The association between @entity130 and Triage Sieve, Simple Triage and Rapid Treatment, modified Simple Triage and Rapid Treatment, and CareFlight Triage was determined in the @entity1 population. RESULTS: Of the physiologic variables, the Motor Component of the Glasgow @entity772 Scale had the strongest association with @entity130 , followed by systolic blood pressure. The differences between CareFlight Triage, Simple Triage and Rapid Treatment, and modified Simple Triage and Rapid Treatment were not dramatic, with sensitivities of 82% (95% confidence interval [CI] 75% to 88%), 85% (95% CI 78% to 90%), and 84% (95% CI 76% to 89%), respectively, and specificities of 96% (95% CI 94% to 97%), 86% (95% CI 84% to 88%), and 91% (95% CI 89% to 93%), respectively. Both forms of Triage Sieve were significantly poorer predictors of @entity130 . CONCLUSION: Of the physiologic variables used in the triage algorithms, the Motor Component of the Glasgow @entity772 Scale and systolic blood pressure had the strongest association with @entity130 . CareFlight Triage, Simple Triage and Rapid Treatment, and modified Simple Triage and Rapid Treatment had similar sensitivities in predicting @entity130 in designated @entity130 @entity1 , but CareFlight Triage had better specificity. Because @entity1 in a true mass casualty situation may not be completely comparable with designated @entity130 @entity1 transported to emergency departments in routine circumstances, the best triage instrument in this study may not be the best in an actual @entity156 . These findings must be validated prospectively before their accuracy can be confirmed.

title: Comparative analysis of XXXX triage algorithms.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity156 :: ('MESH:D000015', 'Disease') :: ['MCI', 'multiple-casualty incident']

entities_list: @entity1230 :: ('MESH:D009104', 'Disease') :: ['injury appropriate to the MCI']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['critical injury', 'severe injury', 'trauma']

answer: @entity156 :: (MESH:D000015,Disease) :: ['multiple-casualty incident']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Several studies comparing different intensities of oral anticoagulant treatment have clearly shown a relationship between @entity548 complications and prolongation of prothrombin time. In the early '50s, de Takats suggested that low-dose oral anticoagulants might be as effective as higher doses in preventing @entity715 , at a lower risk of @entity548 . This review article examines the potential of low dose @entity1229 therapy. INFORMATION SOURCES: The authors have been working in this field, contributing original papers. In addition, the material examined in this article includes articles published in the journals covered by the Science Citation Index and MedLine. STATE OF ART AND PERSPECTIVES: The hypothesis that low-dose oral anticoagulants can be effective in preventing @entity715 was first proven by experiments in animal models, and showed that a prothrombin time ratio as low as 1.14 using @entity95 brain thromboplastin was still able to confer some inhibition of experimental @entity715 . Low-dose or very low-dose @entity1229 were subsequently demonstrated to be effective in @entity1 with morbid @entity28 and decreased antithrombin III functional and antigenic levels, in @entity1 with indwelling catheters, in @entity1 undergoing gynecological surgery, as well as in @entity1 with @entity0 . Low-dose @entity1229 is also effective in the prevention of @entity64 in @entity1 with non-rheumatic @entity955 . However, older @entity1 (> 75 years), who have a very high risk of @entity548 , might be safer taking a very low dose of @entity1229 (i.e., a daily dose of 1-1.25 mg). Moreover, after a period of run-in, a fixed, very low-dose @entity1229 schedule does not need further laboratory control, which is a factor that could contribute to the full acceptance of treatment by @entity1 and could stimulate a broader prescription of @entity1229 for the primary prevention of @entity64 in older @entity1 with nonrheumatic @entity955 . Therefore, we have organized a multicenter clinical trial in which 1000 @entity1 with non-rheumatic @entity955 will be randomized to receive either a fixed mini-dose of @entity1229 or a standard dose. Positive results might permit the treatment of most older @entity1 with non-rheumatic @entity955 , creating a benefit for the community as a consequence of its effective prevention of disabling @entity64 .

title: Low intensity XXXX therapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['strokes', 'stroke', 'embolic strokes']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['stage IV breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity1229 :: ('MESH:D014859', 'Chemical') :: ['warfarin']

answer: @entity1229 :: (MESH:D014859,Chemical) :: ['warfarin']


abstract: PURPOSE: To describe a technique for the induction of @entity2332 and its complications for the treatment of acute @entity385 . METHODS: Adults with acute (<8 hours), severe (National Institutes of Health @entity64 Scale>14) @entity385 of the anterior circulation were enrolled. @entity1 were intubated, sedated, and paralyzed. Surface cooling to 32 degrees+/-1 degrees C was performed with a cooling blanket and an @entity167 /ice bath. @entity2332 was maintained for 12-72 hours. Physiological parameters were measured continuously. A computed tomography scan of the brain was obtained at 24 hours. Rewarming was initiated 12 hours after middle cerebral artery recanalization at a rate of 0.25 degrees C/hour. All complications and adverse outcomes were documented from initiation of @entity2332 until hospital discharge. RESULTS: Eighteen @entity1 with a mean National Institutes of Health @entity64 Scale=21.4+/-5.6 were treated. The goal temperature was reached within 3.2+/-1.5 hours. Cooling time was proportional to body weight (p=0.009) and decreased with immediate @entity912 to prevent shivering (p=0.033). Maintenance and rewarming were characterized by fluctuations in core temperature. All @entity1 developed a decrease in blood pressure, heart rate, and @entity972 values that were proportional to temperature (p<0.05). Complications were generally mild, but @entity55 and @entity583 or both occurred in five @entity1 . There were trends for increased risk of complications with longer duration of @entity2332 (p=0.08) and increasing age (p=0.0504). Rewarming was well-tolerated with rebound @entity2657 occurring in only one @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Surface cooling for the treatment of acute @entity385 can be performed rapidly with early neuromuscular @entity912 . Advanced age and prolonged @entity2332 may be associated with an increased risk of complications.

title: Technical refinements and drawbacks of a surface cooling technique for the treatment of severe acute XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2657 :: ('MESH:D001929', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral edema']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity912 :: ('MESH:D010243', 'Disease') :: ['paralysis']

entities_list: @entity2332 :: ('MESH:D007035', 'Disease') :: ['hypothermia', 'Hypothermia']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity385 :: (MESH:D002544,Disease) :: ['ischemic stroke']


abstract: Among the drug combinations designed for the initial treatment of @entity1582 , none has been unequivocally shown to be superior. However, a regimen leading to a high response rate and a low incidence of adverse events is highly desirable. We report the results of a phase II clinical trial involving 45 @entity1 with @entity34 . @entity632 and @entity619 were given for 2 or 3 months followed by @entity2816 and @entity619 for 2 months ( @entity8527 regimen) with prophylactic antibiotics and daily @entity117 (81 mg/d). Among the 42 @entity1 whose response could be assessed, 38 responded to therapy (90.5%). The intent-to-treat response rate was 84.4% with seven complete responses (CR 15.5%), nine near complete responses ( @entity14078 20.0%), and 22 partial responses (PR 48.9%). Two @entity1 had stable disease (4.4%), and two progression of disease (4.4%). Normalization of the free light chain ratio after one or two cycles of treatment was highly predictive of achievement of CR or @entity14078 . @entity1 tolerated the treatment well although five @entity1 developed @entity1031 complications (11%). @entity8527 administered with low dose @entity117 for deep vein @entity715 prophylaxis was well tolerated and yielded a high response rate with minimal treatment-related morbidity.

title: @entity632 and @entity619 followed by @entity2816 and @entity619 is an effective well tolerated initial therapy for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['Doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity2816 :: ('MESH:D013792', 'Chemical') :: ['thalidomide']

entities_list: @entity1582 :: ('MESH:D009101', 'Disease') :: ['multiple myeloma']

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['dexamethasone']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['thromboembolic']

entities_list: @entity34 :: ('MESH:D016609', 'Disease') :: ['Durie-Salmon stage II and III multiple myeloma']

answer: @entity1582 :: (MESH:D009101,Disease) :: ['multiple myeloma']


abstract: @entity1110 : @entity3276 oxidoreductase ( @entity5878 ) protects the cell against @entity137 by reducing the concentration of free @entity3276 available for single electron reduction. The @entity5878 gene is polymorphic and the variant protein exhibits just 2% of the enzymatic activity of the wildtype protein. In this study, we investigated @entity5878 genotype in relation to @entity2 risk in @entity1 attending a Manchester bronchoscopy clinic. The cases were @entity1 with a current, or history of, @entity5 of the lung, @entity825 or bronchus. The control group were all other @entity1 attending the clinic who had never been diagnosed with a @entity5 . DNA extraction from bronchial lavage or blood samples and genotyping was successfully carried out for 82 of the cases and 145 controls. @entity1 carrying at least one variant allele were found to have almost a 4-fold increased risk of developing @entity151 (adjusted OR=3.80, 95% C.I. 1.19-12.1). No association between @entity5878 genotypes and @entity1149 risk was found. Furthermore, the @entity151 risk associated with non-wildtype @entity5878 genotypes was only apparent in heavy smokers where there was a >10-fold increased risk (adjusted OR=12.5, 95% C.I. 2.1-75.5). These results suggest that the @entity5878 protein may be involved in the detoxification of those carcinogens associated with the development of @entity151 . Individuals with reduced enzyme activity, due to a polymorphism in this gene, may therefore have an increased risk of developing this disease.

title: Polymorphisms in the @entity1110 : XXXX oxidoreductase gene and @entity151 risk in a UK population.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant tumour', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity151 :: ('MESH:D055752', 'Disease') :: ['excess small cell lung cancer', 'small cell lung cancer']

answer: @entity3276 :: (MESH:C004532,Chemical) :: ['quinone']


abstract: @entity788 frequently carry mutations in the @entity984 , @entity876 , and @entity986 genes, which regulate cell proliferation. Transition from G1 to S phase of the cell cycle requires activation of @entity15308 ( @entity15308 ) which is inhibited by @entity38501 and @entity9363 . The purpose of this study was to determine whether @entity38501 and @entity9363 can block @entity15308 kinase activity and inhibit proliferation of four @entity1 @entity788 cell lines with various genetic alterations. @entity1 @entity3123 cell lines BxPC-3, PANC-1 Capan-2, and @entity3895 were treated with @entity38501 or @entity9363 . @entity15308 kinase activity was determined using histone H1 as the substrate. Cell cycle distribution was analyzed by DNA flow cytometry. Cell numbers were quantitated by Coulter counter. @entity38501 and @entity9363 blocked @entity15308 activity in all four @entity788 cell lines. Both compounds also inhibited cell proliferation in a dose-dependent fashion. @entity9363 was at least threefold more potent than @entity38501 for both @entity15308 activity and cell proliferation. We have shown that Cdk inhibitors, @entity38501 and @entity9363 , block proliferation of @entity1 @entity788 cells regardless of their mutations in @entity984 @entity876 , or @entity986 genes. These compounds represent a novel therapeutic strategy with potential therapeutic benefits for @entity788 .

title: A novel strategy for inhibiting growth of @entity1 XXXX cells by blocking cyclin-dependent kinase activity.

entities_list: @entity3123 :: ('MESH:C562463', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['Pancreatic cancers', 'pancreatic cancer', 'pancreatic cancers']

entities_list: @entity15308 :: ('1017', 'Gene') :: ['cyclin-dependent kinase 2', 'Cdk2']

entities_list: @entity9363 :: ('MESH:C104586', 'Chemical') :: ['roscovitine', 'Roscovitine']

entities_list: @entity38501 :: ('MESH:C090046', 'Chemical') :: ['olomoucine', 'Olomoucine']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatic cancer']


abstract: The effect of @entity205 on @entity99 was investigated. @entity99 was produced for 90 min in mongrel @entity235 . Experimental @entity235 were divided into three groups as follows: group A (control group), group B ( @entity9472 pretreatment group), group C ( @entity9472 posttreatment group). @entity9472 was administered at a dose of 10 mg/kg body weight/day for 3 days in the pre- or postoperative period. Survival rates were 61.5% in group A, 84.6% in group B, and 30.8% in group C. Enzymatic activity such as @entity5906 aminotransferase and @entity880 dehydrogenase was highest in group C, lowest in group B, and intermediate in group A. Opposite results were obtained for serum albumin concentrations. The mechanisms of the effect was investigated using a 60-min @entity99 model. Serum levels of @entity7791 in group B were lower than those in group A and group C. Electronmicroscopic specimens taken at 16 h after 60-min @entity99 demonstrated that the extent of @entity63 was mildest in group B. The present study demonstrated a beneficial effect on @entity99 of @entity9472 administered for 3 days prior to the @entity63 . One of the mechanisms for this beneficial effect could be the stabilization of lysosomal membranes. These results suggest that @entity9472 should be administered to a donor before organ harvesting for liver transplantation because of this beneficial effect.

title: Beneficial effect of XXXX pretreatment in @entity235 liver ischemia. Enzymatic and electronmicroscopic studies.

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic injury', 'ischemia']

entities_list: @entity7791 :: ('MESH:D016537', 'Disease') :: ['beta-glucosidase and beta-galactosidase']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporine']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['Hepatic ischemia', 'hepatic ischemia']

answer: @entity205 :: (MESH:D016572,Chemical) :: ['cyclosporine']


abstract: The results of treatment of 73 @entity1 with surgical @entity295 are analysed. 57% of the @entity1 were older than 60 years. In 35.6% of the cases @entity295 was caused by soft tissue infection, in 35.6%-pyo-inflammation of the blood vessels. In 81% of the cases infective agents were verified; in 45.2% they were found in associations. In 35.1% of the cases there were gram-positive microorganisms, in 40.5%-gram-negative and in 17.0%-asporogenic anaerobes. The count of T- and B-lymphocytes was low (60.0% and 45.7%), the count @entity404 was decreased in 40.2% of the @entity1 , @entity405 -in 31.6%, the content of M-and G-immunoglobulins was also decreased on a background of a slightly increased CD3-activator. @entity1887 has been detected in all the @entity1 , @entity7752 . Septic metastases were detected in 26% of the cases, septic shock-10%. Early treatment of abscesses, adequate antibacterial and detoxication therapy are major tasks in the treatment of @entity295 . Intravenous injections of immunoglobulins (Endobulin., Intraglobin and Pentaglobin), extracorporeal detoxcication and polyorganic disorders correction have led to positive results in most cases. The mortality rate in this group was 14.5% compared with 38.5% in the control group.

title: [Immunotherapy of surgical XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1887 :: ('MESH:D000309', 'Disease') :: ['Polyorganic insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity7752 :: ('MESH:D048550', 'Disease') :: ['predominantly-kidney and liver insufficiency']

answer: @entity295 :: (MESH:D018805,Disease) :: ['sepsis']


abstract: This report concerns a 41-year-old female case of @entity2057 ( @entity2057 ) associated with @entity3746 . Her parents were not consanguineous. Her maternal grandmother and younger brother were suspected of having @entity2057 . At age 37, she first experienced gait disturbance and began to have slowly progressive @entity4653 and @entity425 . Neurological examination revealed that she had inspiratory stridor, @entity4653 and proximal muscular @entity425 . Achilles tendon reflexes were absent, while there were no pathological reflexes or @entity132 . She showed a waddling gait and Gowers' sign. The laboratory data indicated mild elevation of serum CK. The nerve conduction study was normal, while the electromyographic study and muscle biopsy revealed neurogenic changes. We diagnosed the case as adult onset @entity2057 of the autosomal dominant type. Laryngoscopy revealed that the @entity1 had @entity3746 , which was predominant in abductor muscles and of the posterior paralysis type according to the categories established by Isozaki. Genetic analysis showed no mutations in the genes of the neuronal apoptosis inhibitory protein and of the survival motor neuron.

title: [Autosomal dominant adult-onset spinal muscular atrophy with XXXX : a case report].

entities_list: @entity3746 :: ('MESH:D014826', 'Disease') :: ['vocal cord paralysis']

entities_list: @entity132 :: ('MESH:D010468', 'Disease') :: ['sensory disturbances']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['weakness of the extremities']

entities_list: @entity2057 :: ('MESH:D009133', 'Disease') :: ['spinal muscular atrophy', 'SMA']

entities_list: @entity4653 :: ('MESH:D004401', 'Disease') :: ['dysarthria']

answer: @entity3746 :: (MESH:D014826,Disease) :: ['vocal cord paralysis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1140 ( @entity11636 ) combined with @entity618 ( @entity2098 ) has been suggested to play a critical role in the reversal of C4d-positive acute humoral rejection (AHR) in renal transplantation, but the efficacy of using only @entity11636 - @entity2098 without immunoadsorption or plasmapheresis has not been investigated. On the other hand, Chinese recipients of renal grafts usually need lower doses of immunosuppressants, and their optimal treatment for acute humoral rejection has not been established. METHODS: Since 1999, we have used @entity11636 - @entity2098 to treat @entity134 -resistant @entity697 ( @entity697 ). C4d staining was retrospectively performed in 32 @entity1 with @entity134 -resistant @entity697 , and the treatments of 19 @entity1 with C4d-positive @entity134 -resistant @entity697 were investigated. RESULTS: Thirteen of 19 @entity1 received @entity11636 - @entity2098 treatment only; 11 episodes of rejection in them were reversed (7 completely, 4 partially) and only 2 recipients lost their graft. Another 6 @entity1 received immunoadsorption also. One of them failed to respond and lost her graft. Four of 5 @entity1 treated with immunoadsorption and @entity11636 - @entity2098 recovered (3 completely, 1 partially), but 3 of them had severe @entity55 , a complication rate statistically higher than in @entity1 treated with only @entity11636 - @entity2098 (P<0.05). @entity697 occurring during the first two weeks after transplantation had a statistically better outcome than that occurring later (P = 0.003). CONCLUSION: Our study suggests that the combination of @entity11636 and @entity2098 is a potentially safe and economic treatment for most Chinese renal allograft recipients with C4d-positive @entity134 -resistant @entity697 , especially for rejections developing within the first two weeks after transplantation.

title: XXXX combined with @entity618 can effectively reverse C4d-positive @entity134 -resistant @entity697 in Chinese renal allograft recipients.

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute rejection', 'AR']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity618 :: ('MESH:C063008', 'Chemical') :: ['mycophenolate mofetil']

entities_list: @entity1140 :: ('MESH:D016559', 'Chemical') :: ['Tacrolimus']

answer: @entity1140 :: (MESH:D016559,Chemical) :: ['Tacrolimus']


abstract: PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to explore the effect of red blood cell (RBC) transfusion on microdialysis-assessed interstitial fluid metabolic parameters in septic @entity1 . METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study of 37 @entity1 with severe @entity295 / @entity326 requiring transfusion of one to two RBC units. Interstitial fluid metabolic alterations were monitored by a microdialysis catheter inserted in the subcutaneous adipose tissue. Samples were collected before (T0) and after transfusion at two time-points: @entity13712 and T1b; median post-transfusion times of 120 [interquartile range (IQR); 45-180] and 360 (IQR; 285-320) min. @entity880 , @entity2388 , @entity653 and @entity413 concentrations were measured with a bedside analyzer, and the @entity880 / @entity2388 (LP) ratio was calculated automatically. RESULTS: RBC transfusions decreased the LP ratio from (T0) 18.80 [interquartile range (IQR); 14.85-27.45] to ( @entity13712 ) 17.80 (IQR; 14.35-25.20; P < 0.05) and (T1b) 17.90 (IQR; 14.45-22.75; P < 0.001), while there was also significant interindividual variation. Post-transfusion LP ratio changes at @entity13712 [r = -0.42; 95 % confidence interval (CI), -0.66 to -0.098; P = 0.01] and T1b (r = -0.68; 95 % [CI], -0.82 to -0.44; P < 0.001) were significantly correlated with the pre-transfusion LP ratio, but not with baseline demographic characteristics, vital signs, severity scores, hemoglobin level and blood @entity880 . RBC storage time and leukocyte reduction had no influence on the tissue metabolic response to transfusion. CONCLUSIONS: Tissue oxygenation is affected by RBC transfusion in @entity3124 septic @entity1 . Monitoring of tissue LP ratio by microdialysis may represent a useful method for individual clinical management.

title: Red blood cell transfusion affects microdialysis-assessed interstitial XXXX / @entity2388 ratio in @entity3124 @entity1 with late @entity295 .

entities_list: @entity326 :: ('MESH:D012772', 'Disease') :: ['septic shock']

entities_list: @entity3124 :: ('MESH:D016638', 'Disease') :: ['critically ill']

entities_list: @entity653 :: ('MESH:D005990', 'Chemical') :: ['glycerol']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate', 'Lactate']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity2388 :: ('MESH:D019289', 'Chemical') :: ['pyruvate']

answer: @entity880 :: (MESH:D019344,Chemical) :: ['lactate']


abstract: HYPOTHESIS: @entity11448 is an important cause of adult hyperinsulinemic @entity4053 , and control of this disorder can often be obtained with a 70% distal pancreatectomy. DESIGN: The records of all adult @entity1 operated on for @entity4053 between 1974 and 1999 were reviewed retrospectively. @entity1 with the pathologic diagnosis of @entity11448 were contacted for follow-up (1.5-21 years) and are presented. @entity1 ' results were compared with those of 36 other individuals with this disorder who were previously reported in the literature. SETTING: The University of Chicago Medical Center (Chicago, Ill), a tertiary care facility. @entity1 : A consecutive sample of all @entity1 operated on for @entity4053 . INTERVENTIONS: Seventy percent distal pancreatectomy for all @entity1 with @entity11448 , and maintenance therapy with @entity1855 for 2 @entity1 . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Achievement of normoglycemia with and without medication, development of @entity1723 , @entity3210 , and need for reoperation. RESULTS: Of 32 adult @entity1 who underwent surgical exploration for hyperinsulinemic @entity4053 at our institution, 27 (84%) were found to have 1 or @entity9608 , and 5 (16%) were diagnosed with @entity11448 . Each @entity1 with @entity11448 underwent a 70% distal pancreatectomy. Follow-up duration for the 5 @entity1 ranged from 1.5 to 21 years, with 3 @entity1 (60%) asymptomatic and taking no medications, and 2 @entity1 (40%) experiencing some recurrences of @entity4053 . The 2 @entity1 with recurrences are now successfully treated with a @entity460 channel blocker, an approach, to our knowledge, never before reported for adult-onset @entity11448 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity11448 is an uncommon but clinically important cause of @entity4053 in the adult population, and must always be considered in a @entity1 with a presumptive preoperative @entity9608 . This study indicates that a 70% distal pancreatectomy is often successful in controlling @entity4053 , and rarely results in @entity6 . However, the optimal treatment of this disorder remains to be determined.

title: Adult-onset XXXX causing @entity4053 : an important clinical entity and continuing treatment dilemma.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity11448 :: ('MESH:D046768', 'Disease') :: ['nesidioblastosis', 'Nesidioblastosis']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity9608 :: ('MESH:D007340', 'Disease') :: ['more insulinomas', 'diagnosis of insulinoma']

entities_list: @entity1855 :: ('MESH:D014700', 'Chemical') :: ['verapamil hydrochloride']

entities_list: @entity4053 :: ('MESH:D007003', 'Disease') :: ['hypoglycemia']

entities_list: @entity1723 :: ('MESH:D003922', 'Disease') :: ['insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity3210 :: ('MESH:D010188', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic exocrine insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

answer: @entity11448 :: (MESH:D046768,Disease) :: ['nesidioblastosis']


abstract: Figure skaters are unique athletes who must train for extended periods of time performing motions and routines that create excessive compressive and shear forces between their malleoli and boots. As a result, they are susceptible to the development of a painful @entity2585 . Most often these @entity1 will relate a recent increase in their training schedule or the purchase of a new pair of skating boots. This condition usually responds favorably to nonoperative measures including stretching of the boot over the affected area and protective padding placed around the inflamed bursa. If the swelling is marked, then an aspiration, subsequent injection with @entity821 , and a compressive wrap may be indicated. This treatment regimen will enable the majority of figure skaters to continue skating. If the symptoms continue or increase despite nonoperative measures, then cessation of skating for a brief period must be considered. If this is not a viable option for the skater, surgical excision of the bursa may be warranted. If @entity2585 occurs, immediate surgical debridement and intravenous antibiotics are indicated. A Staphyloccocus aureus organism is most often responsible and should be treated with appropriate antibiotics. These @entity1 may return to skating when there is no sign of further infection, the soft tissues have fully healed, and there is no sign of residual inflammatory bursa, usually at 4 to 6 weeks after surgery.

title: XXXX in figure skaters. Indications for operative and nonoperative treatment.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity821 :: ('MESH:D003348', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisone']

entities_list: @entity2585 :: ('MESH:D002062', 'Disease') :: ['septic bursitis', 'adventitious malleolar bursitis']

answer: @entity2585 :: (MESH:D002062,Disease) :: ['Malleolar bursitis']


abstract: AIM: @entity322 is one of the most common medical complaints in @entity1 . We here propose to evaluate and compare the effects of 2 conservative treatment modalities, functional electrical stimulation (FES) and @entity177 ( @entity177 ). METHODS: We studied 22 female @entity1 with @entity322 and divided them into 2 treatment groups (14 @entity1 in the FES and 8 in the @entity177 group). The mean age of the @entity1 in the FES group was 51.14+/-11.9 and in the @entity177 group 42.25+/-6.9 years. Functional electrical stimulation was applied continuously at 10 Hz and 30-50 Hz in urge and stress @entity322 respectively. In mixed @entity322 stimulation was applied at 10 Hz for 15 min and at 50 Hz for 15 min. The treatment sessions were for 20 min, 3 times a week for 6-8 weeks (12 with mixed, 2 with @entity3142 ). @entity177 was applied by a magnetic chair, twice weekly for 6 weeks (6 with mixed, 1 with stress urinary and 1 with urge @entity322 ). The efficacy of the treatment was judged from @entity1 impressions, records in urinary diaries, results of 1 h pad test, perineometry value and digital palpation score. RESULTS: The perineometry value, digital palpation score increased significantly during stimulation compared with prestimulation levels in both groups (P<0.05). For the pad test significant improvement was also noted in both groups (P<0.05). The urinary diaries and frequency of micturition were significantly more cured or improved in the FES group (P<0.05). However, reduction of the frequency of nocturnal micturition wasn't significant in either group (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Both FES and @entity177 treatments were effective. @entity177 does not involve intravaginal stimulation and it is twice a week. Although @entity177 is not often used it is more cost effective than FES. In order to have exact knowledge of this issue; more research than has been done in a greater number of subjects is required.

title: Effectiveness of functional magnetic versus electrical stimulation in XXXX with @entity322 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['functional magnetic stimulation', 'FMS']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['urinary incontinence', 'Urinary incontinence']

entities_list: @entity3142 :: ('MESH:D014550', 'Disease') :: ['stress incontinence']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to compare the effectiveness of vasodilator @entity16825 to @entity619 with hyaluronidase injections and physiotherapy in the treatment of @entity2345 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty @entity1 with @entity2345 were randomly assigned into three groups. Group A @entity1 (n   =   15) received 10  mg @entity16825 tablets four times per day, group B (n   =   15) biweekly @entity619 with hyaluronidase intralesional injections, and group C (n   =   10) placebo tablets. In addition, all @entity1 were instructed physiotherapy exercises. The treatment time was 6  weeks and @entity1 were followed-up for 4  months thereafter. The effect of the treatment was evaluated by measurements of inter-incisal distance and @entity809 and evaluation of histological findings of the diseased mucosa. RESULTS: Mouth opening increased and burning sensation decreased significantly in all groups, but the effects were significantly greater in groups receiving either oral @entity16825 or @entity619 with hyaluronidase injections in addition to physiotherapy. The @entity809 occurred more rapidly in @entity1 receiving intralesional @entity619 with hyaluronidase. Histological improvement was not observed in any of the groups. CONCLUSIONS: Oral @entity16825 as well as @entity619 with hyaluronidase injections combined to physiotherapy alleviate symptoms of @entity2345 significantly more efficiently than physiotherapy alone. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Oral @entity16825 can be considered as a new candidate drug for the treatment of @entity2345 . Physiotherapy exercises provide relief of symptoms and should be instructed to all @entity1 .

title: Vasodilator XXXX alleviates symptoms of @entity2345 .

entities_list: @entity2345 :: ('MESH:D009914', 'Disease') :: ['oral submucous fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity809 :: ('MESH:D010292', 'Disease') :: ['oral burning sensation', 'decrease in burning sensation']

entities_list: @entity16825 :: ('MESH:D007556', 'Chemical') :: ['isoxsuprine']

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['dexamethasone']

answer: @entity16825 :: (MESH:D007556,Chemical) :: ['isoxsuprine']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The Waukesha County Division of Public Health and Waukesha Memorial Hospital developed a social-ecological approach to diminish the incidence of @entity2973 and @entity28 in Hispanic families in Waukesha County. PROGRAM DESCRIPTION: A sample of Waukesha County @entity1 and their families participated in an 8-week program that promoted awareness of healthy food choices and the importance of physical activity. The program was selected, translated, and adapted for the Hispanic community. Weekly sessions included nutrition classes, physical activity, and a healthy meal for participating families. Biometric data were collected pre- and post-program, including blood pressure, @entity165 , @entity413 , weight, height, and waist measurement. A pre- and post-program knowledge test regarding nutrition, food labels, and physical activity was administered. RESULTS: A total of 47 Hispanic families participated throughout the course of the program. Biometric measures and tests of nutrition knowledge and attitudes of @entity1 consistently showed improvements. In addition, changes occurred in the community system structure, which positively affected the built environment by improving access to parks, YMCA, and schools for family physical activity. CONCLUSION: The translated curriculum was successful in reducing cardiac and @entity6 risk factors in Hispanic adults by increasing knowledge and positive attitudes about healthy behaviors.

title: A community-based family intervention program to improve XXXX in Hispanic families.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'children']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity2973 :: ('MESH:D050177', 'Disease') :: ['overweight']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obesity']


abstract: AIMS: To document the pathological features of @entity0 diagnosed in @entity1 aged 35 years or less. METHODS: The files of the Department of Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, were searched for cases of @entity0 diagnosed in individuals aged 35 years or less between January 1993 and December 2004. Histological slides and pathology reports were retrieved and reviewed. Pathologic parameters of @entity5 size, histological grade, accompanying @entity3821 ( @entity3821 ), @entity3 , nodal status, @entity5282 and @entity1722 profiles, were documented. RESULTS: Of 112 cases of @entity0 , 91 (81.3%) were @entity189 , 17 (15.2%) pure @entity3821 , three (2.7%) were diagnosed on needle aspirates. No @entity5 was available for microscopic assessment in one (0.9%) @entity1 who underwent bilateral mastectomy in our institution but had her initial surgery elsewhere. Invasive @entity5 size ranged from 0.3 to 11.5 cm (mean 2.7 cm, median 2.1 cm), with 84 (92.3%) infiltrative ductal, two (2.2%) lobular, two (2.2%) mucinous, two (2.2%) atypical medullary, and one (1.1%) mixed @entity28648 . The majority were grade 3 (54 cases, 59.3%), with 24 (26.4%) grade 2 and 7 (7.7%) grade 1, while grading was not accomplished in six (6.6%) cases. Nodal status was positive in 39 (42.9%), negative in 25 (27.4%), unknown in the rest (27 cases, 29.7%). @entity2931 and @entity1420 receptors (ER, PR) were positive in 51 (61.4%) and 43 (51.8%) cases, respectively, out of 83 (91.2%) cases in which they were evaluated. @entity1722 immunostaining, carried out in 54 (59.3%) invasive @entity5 , showed positivity in 16 (29.6%) cases. @entity3821 cases ranged from 0.25 to 6.2 cm (mean 2.2 cm, median 2 cm) in size. Nuclear grade was low in seven (41.2%), intermediate in four (23.5%), and high in six (35.3%). CONCLUSION: The majority of @entity0 in young @entity1 are invasive, with T2 disease at presentation, and of poor histological grade. The recent rise in numbers suggests increased detection, plausibly due to improved awareness of @entity1558 among the younger female population. Pathogenetic causes that differ from breast carcinogenesis in older @entity1 have to be further clarified.

title: XXXX in @entity1 35 years and younger: a pathological study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3821 :: ('MESH:D002285', 'Disease') :: ['ductal carcinoma in situ', 'DCIS']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast carcinoma', 'breast cancer', 'breast carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone']

entities_list: @entity2931 :: ('CHEBI:50114', 'Chemical') :: ['Oestrogen']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['residual tumour', 'cancers', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['invasive carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['lymphovascular invasion']

entities_list: @entity28648 :: ('MESH:D018299', 'Disease') :: ['ductal-lobular']

entities_list: @entity5282 :: ('3164', 'Gene') :: ['hormone receptor']

entities_list: @entity1558 :: ('MESH:D001941', 'Disease') :: ['breast disease']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['Breast carcinoma']


abstract: PURPOSE: To describe the visual fields of @entity1 with @entity3054 ( @entity3054 ), a @entity74 characterized by bilateral, often sequential vision loss, before and during progressive @entity227 . DESIGN: Prospective longitudinal follow-up of serial visual fields in @entity1 enrolled onto an open-label, nonrandomized pilot study of topical @entity16495 as prophylactic treatment after first eye involvement in @entity3054 . METHODS: Nine molecularly confirmed primary mutation @entity1 with @entity3054 with monocular vision loss for less than six months and normal visual function in the other eye were followed prospectively for up to two years. Visual fields were performed on automated perimetry at baseline and on many follow-up visits. RESULTS: Despite normal visual acuity at baseline in all @entity1 , seven @entity1 had some minimal changes in the central visual field of the second eye. All @entity1 had subsequent deterioration of visual acuity, mean deviation, and foveal sensitivity in their second eye. The earliest pattern of abnormality was typically a cecocentral defect enlarging to become a central defect, often with a superior or inferior predilection. The @entity227 in the two eyes of any given @entity1 were remarkably similar. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3054 may be a bilateral condition at onset more frequently than appreciated. Automated static perimetry of the "normal" eye may reveal subclinical findings that typically worsen rapidly over weeks to months to similar central @entity16 . Quantitative automated static perimetry is helpful in elucidating the natural history of @entity3054 and in understanding the underlying pathology and pathophysiology of this disease.

title: Progression of @entity227 in XXXX : experience of the @entity3054 treatment trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual deterioration', 'visual field defects']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['scotomatous damage']

entities_list: @entity16495 :: ('MESH:C015620', 'Chemical') :: ['brimonidine purite']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['maternally inherited disorder']

entities_list: @entity3054 :: ('MESH:D029242', 'Disease') :: ['Leber hereditary optic neuropathy', 'LHON']

answer: @entity3054 :: (MESH:D029242,Disease) :: ['leber hereditary optic neuropathy']