abstract: The purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate the acute gastrointestinal morbidity of adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) for @entity5 of the @entity1062 . Ten Stage I @entity1 receiving para-aortic and ipsilateral pelvic nodal ( @entity235 -leg) RT provided a @entity137 baseline (group A). Twenty Stage I @entity1 , randomized to @entity235 -leg RT or para-aortic RT (10 per group) were further randomized to received prophylactic @entity3974 or expectant therapy with @entity1769 (group B). Daily @entity1 -completed questionnaires evaluated acute @entity137 . In group A (n = 10), @entity390 , @entity391 , @entity294 and abdominal discomfort were experienced in 90%, 80%, 70% and 90% respectively. Antiemetic and antidiarrhoeal agents were required in 70% and 10% respectively, with good response. For group B (n = 20), the overall incidences of @entity390 , @entity391 @entity294 and abdominal discomfort were 80%, 45%, 60% and 80% respectively. The @entity3974 group experienced less @entity390 (P = 0.02) and less @entity391 (P = 0.06). Both reduced field size and @entity3974 groups appeared to have less @entity294 (P = 0.06). The use of antiemetics in the expectant therapy groups resulted in at least a two-level reduction of @entity137 grade in 86% of @entity1 . A high incidence of lethargy, @entity448 and @entity10 was noted for all groups. The incidence of @entity10 was not increased with @entity3974 . @entity235 -leg RT for @entity5 is associated with readily demonstrable gastrointestinal tract (GIT) @entity137 . The number of @entity1 in this study is too small to produce definitive results, but there appears to be reduced GIT @entity137 with prophylactic antiemetics. The effect of reduced RT fields has been assessed further in the MRC randomized trial of field sizes (TE10).

title: The effect of antiemetics and reduced radiation fields on acute gastrointestinal morbidity of adjuvant radiotherapy in @entity5 of the XXXX : a randomized pilot study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity3974 :: ('MESH:D017294', 'Chemical') :: ['ondansetron']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Stage I seminoma', 'Stage I seminomas']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhoea']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity448 :: ('MESH:D000855', 'Disease') :: ['anorexia']

entities_list: @entity1769 :: ('MESH:D008787', 'Chemical') :: ['metoclopramide']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headaches']

answer: @entity1062 :: (MESH:D013736,Disease) :: ['testis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine whether tetrathiomolybdate (TM), a powerful chelator of @entity920 , is capable of lowering the body stores of @entity920 and suppressing the growth of @entity213 in an orthotopic @entity19 model. STUDY DESIGN: In vivo, @entity19 model. METHODS: Twelve 8-week-old male C3H/HeJ @entity19 were assigned to either a TM treatment group (n = 7) or a control group (n = 5). Serum samples were obtained from a single @entity19 in each group to measure the level of @entity26446 as a surrogate marker of total body @entity920 on days 0, 4, and 7. @entity19 in both groups received a floor-of-mouth injection of 1.5 x 105 SCC VII/SF cells. After 7 to 10 days of @entity5 growth the treatment group received fresh water daily, to which TM was added to achieve an oral intake of 50 mg per @entity19 . The control group received only fresh drinking water daily. @entity5 volume measurements were obtained every other day. Microvessel density counts were assessed in the @entity5 by Factor VIII analysis. RESULTS: Measurable @entity5 growth was achieved in 100% of the @entity19 by the tenth day. Total body @entity920 was reduced by 28% from baseline levels in @entity19 in the treatment group. The difference in mean @entity5 volume in the control group was 4.7 times greater than the TM-treated group at the completion of treatment (3004 mm3 and 633mm3, respectively). This accounted for an overall suppression rate of 79% (P =.008; two-tailed Student t test). In addition, microvessel density was reduced by 50% in the TM-treated group. CONCLUSION: In this initial study, the first of its kind in @entity213 , we have demonstrated the ability of TM to significantly suppress both the growth of @entity957 and @entity5 vascularity in this orthotopic @entity19 model, suggesting its potential for efficacy in the treatment of this disease in @entity1 .

title: The role of @entity920 suppression as an antiangiogenic strategy in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mice', 'mouse', 'Mice', 'murine']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity213 :: ('MESH:C535575', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck squamous cell carcinoma']

answer: @entity213 :: (MESH:C535575,Disease) :: ['head and neck squamous cell carcinoma']


abstract: AIMS: To establish whether the expression of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) predicts prognosis in @entity1 treated with primary radiotherapy for @entity5 of the upper aerodigestive tract. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis was undertaken of @entity7 and @entity9205 expression in @entity5 tissue in pre-treatment biopsies from 27 @entity1 who had been treated with primary radiotherapy for stage II-IV @entity213 . Serial sections (4 microm) were cut from @entity406 -fixed, @entity982 -embedded specimens and stained with monoclonal antibodies using standard immunoperoxidase methods. Two independent investigators assessed the staining intensity in a randomised, blind manner. Both negative and positive controls (placenta and/or tonsil) were included in the staining procedure. All @entity1 were followed for a minimum of 5 years, or until @entity204 . Local control and overall survival were taken as end points for the comparative analysis between @entity1 whose @entity5 expressed low levels and those that expressed high levels of the two growth factors. Comparisons were made using the Log-rank test with Kaplan-Meier actuarial survival analysis. RESULTS: In @entity1 with @entity5 expressing low levels of @entity7 , 5-year local control was seen in 75% compared with 18% for those with high levels; overall survival was 75 and 23%, respectively. For those with low levels of @entity9205 , 5-year local control was 64% compared with 17% for those with high levels; overall survival was 58 and 20%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that the expression of endothelial growth factors in @entity135 may predict outcome after radiotherapy.

title: XXXX expression predicts outcome after primary radiotherapy for head and neck squamous cell cancer.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['squamous head and neck cancers']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity406 :: ('MESH:D005557', 'Chemical') :: ['formalin']

entities_list: @entity982 :: ('MESH:D010232', 'Chemical') :: ['paraffin']

entities_list: @entity213 :: ('MESH:C535575', 'Disease') :: ['squamous head and neck carcinomas']

answer: @entity7 :: (7422,Gene) :: ['Vascular endothelial growth factor']


abstract: The efficacy and safety of @entity4509 were evaluated in 42 @entity1 with @entity281 presumed to be due to gram-negative rods. The dosage of 7.5 mg of @entity4509 /kg every 12 hr was administered intramuscularly to 32 @entity1 and intravenously to seven @entity1 ; three @entity1 with @entity8 were given a modified regimen. The duration of treatment was three to 51 days (mean, 9.6 days). Of 19 @entity1 with acute @entity2885 , five had positive blood culture results. Ten @entity1 had chronic @entity293 , and isolates of @entity796 from four of these @entity1 acquired resistance to @entity4509 during therapy. Of seven @entity1 with gram-negative @entity2259 from sources other than the urinary tract, four showed satisfactory and three had less than optimal responses to therapy with @entity4509 . Two @entity1 with @entity6275 or soft tissue infection improved but subsequently relapsed. Two @entity1 with @entity221 , in whom the etiologic agent was unidentified, recovered. Serial audiograms revealed no change in 26 of 27 @entity1 ; one had a significant deterioration in hearing. A transient rise in the level of serum @entity1011 was noted in three @entity1 . Serial tests of liver function revealed no abnormalities.

title: Clinical evaluation of @entity4509 in treatment of XXXX due to gram-negative aerobic bacilli.

entities_list: @entity6275 :: ('MESH:C535456', 'Disease') :: ['chronic osteomyelitis']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal impairment']

entities_list: @entity796 :: ('287', 'Species') :: ['Pseudomonas aeruginosa']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['acute febrile illness']

entities_list: @entity4509 :: ('MESH:D000583', 'Chemical') :: ['amikacin']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity2885 :: ('MESH:D011704', 'Disease') :: ['pyelonephritis']

entities_list: @entity2259 :: ('MESH:D016470', 'Disease') :: ['bacteremia']

entities_list: @entity293 :: ('MESH:D014552', 'Disease') :: ['urinary infection']

answer: @entity281 :: (MESH:D007239,Disease) :: ['infections']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study is a retrospective analysis of the outcome of our one-stage @entity2650 corrections. @entity1 AND METHODS: In the period from August 1979 to January 1991, 316 @entity1 less than 14 years of age underwent a one-stage @entity2650 correction in our hospital. For 283 @entity1 , data on the familial incidence, associated urological pathology, age at the time of operation, operation technique and follow-up were analyzed. RESULTS: The familial incidence in our study group was 9.4%, associated @entity246 was seen in 8.6%, @entity8 in 1.8% and urethral valves in 0.4%. The majority (65.3%) of the @entity1 were operated on before the age of 3 years. The operation was performed according to Magpi, Mathieu, Devine-Horton, an onlay, and tube formation according to Duckett and the double-faced island flap procedure. Including all postoperative disturbances, urethral complications were seen in 18.1% and skin-related complications in 4.6% of the @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Even in experienced hands the overall complications rate is relatively high, and additional problems can be expected in the future. It is important to provide adequate information on the procedures and possible complication to the parents. The final long-term outcome after puberty has to be awaited.

title: Short- and mid-term outcome of different types of one-stage XXXX corrections.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'PATIENTS', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity246 :: ('MESH:D003456', 'Disease') :: ['cryptorchidism']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['kidney abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity2650 :: ('MESH:D007021', 'Disease') :: ['hypospadias']

answer: @entity2650 :: (MESH:D007021,Disease) :: ['hypospadias']


abstract: PURPOSE: The present study was conducted to characterize the pharmacokinetics of @entity14292 (EP), a selective @entity1369 receptor antagonist, and its open @entity13629 ring form in the @entity235 . METHODS: Pharmacokinetic studies of EP were conducted in @entity235 following i.v., oral, and rectal dosing (15 mg/kg) and following intragastric, intraduodenal, intrajejunal, and intracolonic dosing (7.5 mg/kg). RESULTS: After oral administration, the systemic availability of EP was 79.2%. Systemic availabilities following administration via other routes were similar to that following oral administration. The half-life and plasma clearance of EP were 2.21 hr and 0.329 l/kg/hr, respectively. Plasma concentrations of the open @entity13629 ring form were lower than EP concentrations regardless of the route of administration. The C-14 AUC in red blood cells was approximately 64% and 68% of the plasma AUC for i.v. and oral doses. Percentages of the dose excreted as total radioactivity in urine and feces were 54.2% and 40.6%, respectively, after i.v. administration, and 40.7% and 52.3%, respectively, after oral administration. The percentages of the dose excreted in urine and feces as EP were 13.7% and 2.5%, respectively, after i.v. administration, and 2.1% and 4.6% after oral administration, respectively. Approximately 11% and 15% of the doses were excreted as the open form following i.v. and oral doses. CONCLUSIONS: EP was rapidly and efficiently absorbed throughout the gastrointestinal tract, resulting in a good systemic availability. The drug did not preferentially accumulate in red blood cells. EP was extensively metabolized; however, first-pass metabolism after oral and rectal administration was minimal. EP and its metabolites appear to be highly excreted in the bile.

title: Absorption and disposition of a selective @entity1369 receptor antagonist, XXXX , in the @entity235 .

entities_list: @entity1369 :: ('MESH:D000450', 'Chemical') :: ['aldosterone']

entities_list: @entity14292 :: ('MESH:C414690', 'Chemical') :: ['eplerenone']

answer: @entity14292 :: (MESH:C414690,Chemical) :: ['eplerenone']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate abdominal and low back muscle activation amplitudes of older adults (at least 50 years of age) experiencing nonspecific @entity1643 ( @entity1643 ) and of adults without @entity1643 while they walked on a level surface at a self-selected speed. DESIGN: Cross-sectional. SETTING: Dynamics of @entity1 motion laboratory. @entity1 : Nine asymptomatic control @entity1 (mean    standard deviation: 64.9    8.8 years) and 9 @entity1 experiencing @entity1643 (61.4    9.8 years) were selected for this study. METHODS: Surface electromyography (EMG) was recorded over the bilateral lower rectus abdomini, internal obliques, lateral erector spinae longissimus, and lumbar multifidus muscle sites while @entity1 walked across a pressure-sensor mat at a self-selected speed. To normalize EMG amplitudes during gait, the @entity1 performed a series of maximal voluntary isometric contractions. EMG signals were full-wave rectified and low-pass filtered to yield a linear envelop waveform. For the gait trials, a window was identified from right heel strike to the second left heel strike and 4 subphases, including right and left loading response and mid stance, were identified. EMG amplitudes were calculated for each subphase. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: Two sample t-tests compared demographic information and spatiotemporal gait parameters between groups. EMG activation amplitude differences between groups and among subphases of gait were analyzed for each muscle with use of general linear models, followed by Tukey honestly significant difference post hoc comparisons. RESULTS: No differences were found between the groups for demographic or gait parameters. The control group @entity1 activated their lower rectus abdomini muscles (P < .05) and right internal oblique muscles significantly more than did the @entity1643 group (P < .05), whereas the @entity1643 group activated their left lateral erector spinae and both lumbar multifidi sites significantly more than did the control group (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS: The activation amplitudes of the anterior muscle sites were lower for @entity1 with @entity1643 , whereas the posterior sites were activated to higher amplitudes than in the control group. Although most muscles responded to the subphases indicating @entity121 , the group by muscle interactions for the right internal oblique and lateral erector spinae show that the differences between groups were not systematic. These results describe neuromuscular alterations in @entity1 between 50-80 years with @entity1643 that can be used for developing subject-specific management related to maintaining spinal stability.

title: A comparison of trunk muscle activation amplitudes during gait in older adults with and without XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'human', 'persons', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity1643 :: ('MESH:D017116', 'Disease') :: ['chronic low back pain', 'LBP']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['muscle synergies']

answer: @entity1643 :: (MESH:D017116,Disease) :: ['chronic low back pain']


abstract: Pharmacologic measures which increase serotonergic activity in the @entity75 and lead to decreased weight in animals. @entity905 , an inhibitor of @entity750 reuptake, decreases food intake in animals and is associated with @entity353 in @entity308 and otherwise healthy @entity28 @entity1 . To determine the most effective daily fixed dose which causes @entity353 in @entity28 @entity1 , @entity905 (10, 20, 40 or 60 mg) or placebo was administered once daily for 8 weeks to 655 @entity1 consisting primarily of @entity1 (mean age 40 years, mean weight 95 kg). Diet and activity were not controlled. The placebo-treated @entity1 lost 0.6 +/- 2.3 kg. With the 60-mg @entity905 dose, @entity1 lost an average of 4.0 +/- 3.9 kg (P less than 0.001), with intermediate responses at the lower doses. Weight loss was proportional to the initial body mass index (weight/height squared). There were no statistically significant differences between any @entity905 treatment group and placebo for discontinuations from the study. There were statistically significant dose-dependent increases in reports of @entity1395 , @entity2147 and sweating. Thus, @entity905 60 mg daily appears to be potentially effective for use in weight reduction.

title: Use of @entity905 , a selective XXXX -uptake inhibitor, in the treatment of @entity28 : a dose-response study (with a commentary by Michael Weintraub).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressed']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity905 :: ('MESH:D005473', 'Chemical') :: ['fluoxetine', 'Fluoxetine']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['nondepressed obese', 'obese']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain decrease food consumption']

entities_list: @entity2147 :: ('MESH:D006970', 'Disease') :: ['somnolence']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['serotonin']

answer: @entity750 :: (MESH:D012701,Chemical) :: ['serotonin']


abstract: PURPOSE: Determine the failure patterns of oral @entity1544 ( @entity957 ) treated with intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT). METHODS AND MATERIALS: Between May 2001 and July 2005, 55 @entity1 with oral cavity @entity957 were treated with IMRT for curative intent. Forty-nine received postoperative IMRT, 5 definitive IMRT, and 1 neoadjuvant. Three target volumes were defined (clinical target CTV1, CTV2, and CTV3). The failure patterns were determined by coregistration or comparison of the treatment planning computed tomography to the images obtained at the time of recurrence. RESULTS: The median follow-up for all @entity1 was 17.1 months (range, 0.27-59.3 months). The median follow-up for living @entity1 was 23.9 months (range, 9.3-59.3 months). Nine @entity1 had locoregional failures: 4 local failures only, 2 regional failures only, and 3 had both local and regional failures. Five @entity1 failed distantly; of these, 3 also had locoregional failures. The 2-year overall survival, disease-specific survival, local recurrence-free survival, locoregional recurrence-free survival, and distant disease-free survival was 68%, 74%, 85%, 82%, and 89%, respectively. The median time from treatment completion to locoregional recurrence was 4.1 months (range, 3.0-12.1 months). Except for 1 @entity1 who failed in contralateral lower neck outside the radiation field, all failed in areas that had received a high dose of radiation. The locoregional control is strongly correlated with extracapsular extension. CONCLUSIONS: Intensity-modulated RT is effective for oral cavity @entity957 . Most failures are in-field failures. Further clinical studies are necessary to improve the outcomes of @entity1 with high-risk features, particularly for those with extracapsular extension.

title: The failure patterns of oral XXXX after intensity-modulated radiotherapy-the university of iowa experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1544 :: ('MESH:D018307', 'Disease') :: ['cavity squamous cell carcinoma']

answer: @entity1544 :: (MESH:D018307,Disease) :: ['cavity squamous cell carcinoma']


abstract: PURPOSE: Published clinical practice guidelines recommend that all @entity1 from ethnic groups with a high prevalence of @entity3458 ( @entity3458 ) undergo preoperative screening for this @entity8453 . Newborn Screening Ontario initiated a universal sickle @entity8453 screening program in 2006 as part of its regional newborn screening program. The primary objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of selective preoperative screening for @entity3458 based on at-risk ethnicity in Ontario, a region that has a universal newborn sickle @entity8453 screening program. METHODS: The hematology laboratory database at our hospital was searched to identify all @entity1 who underwent preoperative sickle cell screening in the 42-month period starting in November 2006 (when the newborn sickle @entity8453 screening program was introduced) and ending in April 2010. Medical records of all @entity1 testing positive on hemoglobin analysis were reviewed to determine perioperative outcomes. RESULTS: Our search strategy identified 710 @entity1 who were born after the introduction of newborn screening and who underwent preoperative screening. Thirty-five of these @entity1 had abnormal sickle solubility tests - one (0.14%) was a new diagnosis (not identified by newborn screening), one had been diagnosed previously, and 33 (4.65%) were identified as having sickle cell trait. Sixty @entity1 had more than one preoperative screening test performed (range, 2-4). Six of the 35 @entity1 with abnormal sickle solubility results underwent repeated testing. CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative screening based on at-risk ethnicity alone is an ineffective method of identifying additional @entity1 with @entity3458 in Ontario, a population with universal newborn sickle @entity8453 screening. In an effort to avoid unnecessary repeat testing, we propose an algorithm to help physicians decide whether to initiate preoperative sickle cell screening for @entity1 .

title: Effectiveness of preoperative screening for XXXX in a population with a newborn screening program: a cohort study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3458 :: ('MESH:D000755', 'Disease') :: ['SCD', 'sickle cell disease']

entities_list: @entity8453 :: ('MESH:D006453', 'Disease') :: ['hemoglobinopathy']

answer: @entity3458 :: (MESH:D000755,Disease) :: ['sickle cell disease']


abstract: Tight junctions together with adherens junctions are important for preserving tissue integrity. In @entity5 the normal tissue structure is lost which results in a disorganization and change of phenotype. In this study we assessed the complexity of the invasive front of @entity694 using an objective morphometrical technique based on the estimation of fractal dimension and number of free @entity5 cell clusters. The complexity of the invasive front was correlated to @entity3670 and @entity17291 protein expression as well as genetic polymorphisms of their genes. Thirty-three @entity694 were used. Images from the invasive front of the @entity5 were captured and used to calculate a complexity index of the invasive front. The tight junction proteins @entity3670 and @entity17291 were stained immunohistochemically in the @entity5 and in the surrounding normal mucosa. Screening of their genes was performed using DNA sequencing. A significant aberration of protein expression was seen for both @entity3670 and @entity17291 compared to normal mucosa. Both homozygous and heterozygous polymorphisms in exon 2 of @entity3670 were found. In @entity17291 a homozygous polymorphism was seen in exon 4. All individuals with @entity5 that showed either of these polymorphisms also showed the same polymorphism in the adjacent normal mucosa. A significant correlation was found between polymorphisms in @entity17291 and @entity5 differentiation p<0.02. However no correlations were found to Complexity Index, @entity5 size, localization or @entity5 stage (pT and pN). The results show that there is a perturbed expression of @entity3670 and @entity17291 proteins in @entity694 compared to normal mucosa. A high incidence of polymorphisms was found in normal tissue and @entity5 . It remains to be shown if these polymorphisms are coupled to the occurrence of @entity694 .

title: XXXX and @entity17291 Gene Polymorphisms and Protein Derangement are Unrelated to the Growth Pattern and Tumor Volume of @entity694 .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon tumors', 'colon carcinomas', 'colon carcinoma']

answer: @entity3670 :: (9076,Gene) :: ['Claudin 1']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity551 and @entity519 worsen @entity131 outcomes. Hyperoxic resuscitation is controversial. The authors proposed that @entity871 would improve hemodynamics and neuronal survival by augmenting @entity26 delivery despite increased oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in experimental combined controlled cortical impact plus @entity548 in @entity19 . METHODS: Adult C57BL6 @entity19 received controlled cortical impact followed by 35 min of @entity548 (mean arterial pressure, 25-27 mmHg). The resuscitation phase consisted of lactated Ringer's boluses titrated to mean arterial pressure greater than 70 mmHg. Definitive care included returning shed blood. Either @entity26 or room air was administered during the resuscitation phases. Brain tissue levels of oxidative stress and inflammatory markers were measured at 24 h and hippocampal neuronal survival was quantified at 7 days. RESULTS: @entity871 markedly increased brain tissue @entity26 tension approximately four- to fivefold (n = 8) and reduced resuscitation fluid requirements approximately 15% (n = 53; both P < 0.05). Systemic and cerebral physiologic variables were not significantly affected by @entity871 . Hippocampal neuron survival was approximately 40% greater with @entity26 versus room air (n = 18, P = 0.03). However, @entity9050 depletion doubled with @entity26 versus room air (n = 11, P < 0.05). Brain tissue cytokines and chemokines were increased approximately 2- to 20-fold (n = 10) after combined controlled cortical impact injury plus @entity548 , whereas @entity871 shifted cytokines toward a proinflammatory profile. CONCLUSIONS: Hyperoxic resuscitation of cortical impact plus @entity548 reduced fluid requirements and increased brain tissue @entity26 tension and hippocampal neuronal survival but exacerbated @entity9050 depletion and neuroinflammation. The benefits of enhanced @entity26 delivery during resuscitation of @entity131 may outweigh detrimental increases in oxidative stress and neuroinflammation.

title: Effect of @entity871 on resuscitation of experimental combined @entity131 and @entity548 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['traumatic brain injury']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhagic shock']

entities_list: @entity871 :: ('MESH:D018496', 'Disease') :: ['Hyperoxia', 'hyperoxia']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxemia']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['Hypotension']

entities_list: @entity9050 :: ('CHEBI:38290', 'Chemical') :: ['ascorbate']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: @entity6962 ( @entity3905 [MMMTs]) of the uterine cervix are rare @entity5 . This report describes the morphology, immunohistochemical profiles, and @entity1082 ) status of eight cervical MMMTs. @entity1 ' ages ranged from 32 to 93 years (mean, 61 years). Seven cases showed in situ @entity957 ( @entity957 ). The invasive epithelial component (EC) was composed of combined @entity1491 , basaloid @entity957 , and @entity2347 ( @entity2347 ) in two cases. Keratinizing @entity957 , large cell nonkeratinizing @entity957 , @entity189 , and basaloid @entity957 predominated in the remaining @entity5 , one of which had admixed @entity2347 . The sarcomatous component (SC) was homologous and spindled with admixed myxoid areas in three lesions. The ECs and SCs in six MMMTs showed dual immunostaining with epithelial membrane antigen and the pan-keratin marker, MNF116. The SC was vimentin-positive in seven cases. @entity5 had a vimentin-positive EC. The SC was positive for muscle specific actin and/or smooth muscle actin in seven lesions, of which four were desmin-positive. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using GP5+/GP6+ L1 consensus primers detected HPV DNA in all eight cases. Nonisotopic in situ hybridization with @entity1859 -labeled probes to HPV types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31 and 33 demonstrated integrated @entity1799 in three cases, not only in the EC, but also in nuclei of the SC. This is the first study to implicate HPV in the evolution of cervical MMMTs. The above observations lend support to a metaplastic theory of histogenesis.

title: @entity6962 of the uterine cervix: a report of eight cases with immunohistochemical analysis and evaluation of XXXX status.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Five tumors', 'neoplasms', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity2347 :: ('MESH:D003528', 'Disease') :: ['adenoid cystic carcinoma', 'ACC']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma', 'SCC']

entities_list: @entity1859 :: ('MESH:D004076', 'Chemical') :: ['digoxigenin']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['undifferentiated carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1491 :: ('MESH:D002280', 'Disease') :: ['adenoid basal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3905 :: ('MESH:D018198', 'Disease') :: ['malignant M  llerian mixed tumors']

entities_list: @entity1082 :: ('10566', 'Species') :: ['human papillomavirus (HPV']

entities_list: @entity6962 :: ('MESH:D002296', 'Disease') :: ['Carcinosarcomas']

answer: @entity1082 :: (10566,Species) :: ['human papillomavirus']


abstract: PURPOSE: The present study addresses the natural history ocular alignment in infantile @entity5971 that presents at 2 to 4 months of age. METHODS: Eye alignment during the first 6 months of life was evaluated in two cohorts of healthy @entity1 who initially had @entity5971 at 2 to 4 months of age; 80 @entity1 were enrolled in a prospective study at the Retina Foundation of the Southwest (RFSW), and 41 @entity1 were reviewed retrospectively as a pilot study for the Early Surgery for @entity5971 (ESCET) multicenter trial. In addition, 79 of the 80 @entity1 in the RFSW cohort were reexamined at 4.5 years of age or older for ocular alignment and stereopsis. RESULTS: Among @entity1 who initially had constant @entity5971 > or = 40 @entity1726 , 0 of 45 @entity1 in the RFSW cohort and 0 of 21 @entity1 in the ESCET cohort showed resolution to orthophoria. In addition, only 2 @entity1 showed a reduction in angle of deviation below 40 @entity1726 (one to 35 @entity1726 and one to 20 @entity1726 ). Resolution to orthophoria was noted in a few @entity1 who initially had small angle or variable angle @entity5971 . On follow-up at 4.5 years of age or greater, 91% of the @entity1 in the RFSW cohort had alignment within 8 @entity1726 of orthoposition and 30% had stereoacuity of 3000" to 60". @entity1 who underwent surgical alignment at 6 months of age had a higher prevalence of coarse stereopsis than @entity1 who underwent alignment at 7 to 15 months of age. CONCLUSIONS: Taken together, these results suggest that @entity1 who present at 2 to 4 months of age with constant @entity5971 of 40 @entity1726 or greater are valid candidates for surgical treatment. In addition, data from long-term follow-up support the hypothesis that early surgical alignment may promote the development of at least coarse stereopsis in these @entity1 .

title: The natural history of infantile XXXX during the first six months of life. Pediatric Eye Disease Investigator Group.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity5971 :: ('MESH:D004948', 'Disease') :: ['Congenital Esotropia', 'esotropia']

answer: @entity5971 :: (MESH:D004948,Disease) :: ['esotropia']


abstract: Similar neurochemical events appear to be involved in the development of @entity1714 in chicks and mammals. The rapid post-hatching development of the @entity1573 is ideal for studying experimental @entity1714 . In this investigation, one eye of 2-day-old chicks was deprived of form vision for 2 weeks and then compared to the fellow, non-deprived eye by immunohistochemistry and light and electron microscopy. All deprived eyes showed a high @entity2516 . In @entity735 was thicker and the @entity82 of the same section was thinner than the control. Scleral morphological changes were restricted to a central button 6-7 mm in diameter (the posterior pole) within the posterior hemisphere, further divided into posterotemporal and posteronasal parts. The most enlarged, posterior cartilaginous structure of deprived sclera could be divided into an inner and an outer zone. The inner zone had many unevenly-arranged chondrocytes, each having a well-developed granular endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex and a very irregular cell surface. Numerous S-phase cells and isogenous groups were detected in the outer zone. @entity1184 chondrocytes were often observed in the innermost region of the outer zone and the outermost region of the inner zone. The boundary between the outer @entity82 and the @entity5692 was irregular and obscured in @entity735 . Spindle-shaped chondrocytes were seen to be in contact with each other. Thick collagen fibrils, usually seen only in the outer @entity82 , were present among the chondrocytes. Results of this morphological study suggest an increased proliferation of chondrocytes and active synthesis of extracellular matrix in visually deprived eyes. The elongation of the @entity2194 that accompanies @entity1714 is caused primarily by an active remodeling and differentiation in a restricted section of the @entity1844 . These facts indicate the @entity1844 may be more immature than cartilage in anterior and lateral segments.

title: Regional scleral changes in form-deprivation XXXX in chicks.

entities_list: @entity2194 :: ('MESH:D005128', 'Disease') :: ['ocular axis']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrous sclera']

entities_list: @entity1844 :: ('MESH:D002357', 'Disease') :: ['posterior scleral cartilage']

entities_list: @entity2516 :: ('MESH:D012030', 'Disease') :: ['refractive error and ocular enlargement']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['Hypertrophic']

entities_list: @entity735 :: ('MESH:D005124', 'Disease') :: ['myopic eyes', 'deprived eyes, the posterior cartilaginous sclera']

entities_list: @entity5692 :: ('MESH:D015422', 'Disease') :: ['cartilaginous sclera']

answer: @entity1714 :: (MESH:D009216,Disease) :: ['myopia']


abstract: A best evidence topic in thoracic surgery was written according to a structured protocol. The question addressed was whether a conservative fluid management strategy in the perioperative management of lung resection @entity1 is associated with a reduced incidence of postoperative @entity647 (PALI) and/or @entity649 ( @entity649 ) in the recovery period. Sixty-seven papers were found using the reported search, of which 13 level III and 1 level IV evidence studies represented the best evidence to answer the question. Two retrospective case-control studies demonstrated a direct association between liberal fluid intake and the incidence of PALI/ @entity649 following lung resection on multivariate analysis (MVA) with odds ratios (ORs) of 1.42 (95% CI 1.09-4.32, P = 0.011) and 2.91 (1.9-7.4, P = 0.001). In non-PALI/ @entity649 cases, the mean intraoperative fluid infusion volume was significantly less [1.22 l (1.17-1.26) vs 1.68 l (1.46-1.9) P = 0.005], the fluid balance over the first 24 postoperative hours was significantly less [1.52 l positive (1.44-1.60) vs 2.0 l positive (1.6-2.4) P = 0.026] and cumulated intra- and postoperative fluid infusion was significantly less [2.0 ml/kg/h (1.7-2.3) vs 2.6 ml/kg/h (2.3-2.9) P = 0.003]. These data show that the difference between fluid regimes associated with an increased incidence of PALI/ @entity649 (i.e. 'liberal') and those which are not (i.e. 'conservative') is narrow but significant. However, this does not prove a causative role for liberal fluid in the multifactorial development of PALI/ @entity649 . On this best evidence, we recommend intra- and postoperative maintenance fluid to be administered at 1-2 ml/kg/h and that a positive fluid balance of 1.5 l should not be exceeded in the perioperative period with caution being exercised with regard to the adequacy of @entity26 delivery. If the fluid balance exceeds this threshold, a high index of suspicion for PALI/ @entity649 should be adopted and escalation of the level of care should be considered. If a @entity1 develops signs of hypoperfusion after these thresholds are exceeded, inotropic/vasopressor support should be considered.

title: Does a conservative fluid management strategy in the perioperative management of lung resection XXXX reduce the risk of @entity647 ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity649 :: ('MESH:D012128', 'Disease') :: ['ARDS', 'acute respiratory distress syndrome']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity647 :: ('MESH:D055371', 'Disease') :: ['acute lung injury']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The pro-inflammatory @entity460 -binding protein @entity10356 has been recently ascribed to the novel group of damage associated molecular pattern (DAMP) molecules. Serum levels of @entity10356 reflect neutrophil activation during @entity32 . The aim of this project was to analyse the effect of intra-articular corticosteroids or systemic anti- @entity310 treatment on synovial expression and serum levels of @entity10356 in @entity309 ( @entity309 ). METHODS: Serum and synovial tissue was obtained from 19 @entity309 @entity1 prior to and 2 weeks after intra-articular corticosteroid therapy. Serum was collected for 34 other @entity1 , and in 14 of these @entity1 synovial tissue was additionally obtained prior to and after 8 weeks of infliximab treatment. The expression of @entity10356 was analysed by immunohistochemistry on frozen sections. Levels of @entity10356 in serum were determined by ELISA. RESULTS: @entity10356 serum levels were elevated in @entity1 with active @entity309 prior to therapy and decreased significantly in @entity1 who responded to treatment in both @entity1 groups, but not in non-responders. The synovial expression of @entity10356 was reduced 2 weeks after successful intra-articular @entity228 treatment. A similar decrease in local expression was found after 8 weeks of successful infliximab treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Successful treatment of @entity309 leads to downregulation of the DAMP protein @entity10356 . Expression and secretion of @entity10356 is rapidly diminished after therapy with @entity7334 . Taking these findings together, decreasing serum concentrations of @entity10356 could reflect alleviated synovial neutrophil activation during successful anti-inflammatory therapy in @entity309 .

title: Effects of intra-articular corticosteroids and anti- XXXX therapy on neutrophil activation in @entity309 .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['synovial inflammation']

entities_list: @entity228 :: ('CHEBI:50858', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroid']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity7334 :: ('MESH:D057072', 'Disease') :: ['intra-articular corticosteroids or infliximab']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA']

answer: @entity310 :: (7124,Gene) :: ['TNF']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this narrative review is to analyze the available literature concerning central sensitization and altered central @entity158 processing in @entity1 with @entity1643 ( @entity1643 ). METHODS: Literature was screened using several electronic search databases. Additional literature was obtained by reference tracking and expert consultation. Studies evaluating central @entity158 processing in conservatively treated @entity1 with chronic @entity1643 were included. RESULTS: Results of studies examining the responsiveness to various stimuli in @entity1 with chronic @entity1643 are conflicting. Some studies in @entity1 with chronic @entity1643 have demonstrated exaggerated @entity158 responses after sensory stimulation of locations outside the painful region, while other studies report no differences between @entity1 and healthy subjects. Studies examining the integrity of the endogenous @entity158 inhibitory systems report unaltered activity of this descending inhibitory system. In contrast, studies analyzing brain structure and function in relation to (experimentally induced) @entity158 provide preliminary evidence for altered central nociceptive processing in @entity1 with chronic @entity1643 . Finally, also psychosocial characteristics, such as inappropriate beliefs about @entity158 , @entity158 catastrophizing, and/or @entity308 may contribute to the mechanisms of central sensitization. CONCLUSIONS: It tempting to speculate that ongoing nociception is associated with cortical and subcortical reorganization and may play an important role in the process of the chronification of @entity1643 . Future prospective research should explore to what extent these changes are reversible and if this reversibility is associated with improved functioning of @entity1 .

title: Central sensitization and altered central @entity158 processing in XXXX : fact or myth?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1643 :: ('MESH:D017116', 'Disease') :: ['chronic low back pain', 'LBP']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

answer: @entity1643 :: (MESH:D017116,Disease) :: ['chronic low back pain']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: There is increasing interest in whether positive and negative psychological constructs are bipolar opposites of the same phenomenon. We examine whether a positive construct--sense of coherence (SOC)--has independent predictive power over and above @entity308 for @entity65 ( @entity65 ) and all-cause mortality. METHODS: @entity1 included 3850 @entity1 and 4083 @entity1 aged 25 to 74 years who had participated in risk factor surveys conducted in 1992 or 1997. Antonovsky's 13-item SOC scale was used to measure SOC, and had a correlation of -0.60 with the Beck Depression Inventory. RESULTS: During a mean follow-up time of 14.2 years, there were 670 deaths and 487 nonfatal and fatal @entity65 events. Higher SOC scores were associated with a lower risk of all-cause mortality (relative risk [RR] = 0.90, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.84-0.97 per unit), especially among @entity1 , but this association became nonsignificant after adjustment for @entity308 (RR = 0.99, 95% CI = 0.90-1.08). Among @entity1 without a history of @entity65 , higher SOC scores were related to a lower risk for @entity65 (RR = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.83-0.98), but this association disappeared after adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors. @entity308 remained significant predictors of @entity65 among @entity1 in a model including also SOC (RR = 1.24, 95% CI = 1.06-1.46). CONCLUSIONS: SOC was related to all-cause mortality among @entity1 ; the association with @entity65 events was modest. Measures for SOC and @entity308 were significantly correlated, which might result in overlap in their associations with adverse disease and mortality outcomes.

title: Sense of coherence, XXXX , @entity65 , and all-cause mortality.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'Participants', 'men']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive symptoms', 'Depressive symptoms']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['CVD', 'cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['depressive symptoms']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To study the epidemiological, clinical, and bacteriological aspects as well as the outcome of neonatal @entity4008 and analyze the factors of poor prognosis of this condition. @entity1 AND METHODS: We report a retrospective analysis of 44 cases of neonatal @entity4008 hospitalized in the pediatric unit of Tahar Sfar Hospital in Mahdia, Tunisia, between January 1996 and December 2010. Inclusion criteria were @entity1 less than 29 days of age who were hospitalized for @entity4008 diagnosed on either the presence of bacteria in cerebrospinal fluid or with more than 50 cells/mm(3), predominance of neutrophils, and the protein level greater than 1.2g/l. Clinical data were obtained through the analysis of @entity1 files. Statistical analysis was based on the Chi(2) test, and P-values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS: The incidence of neonatal @entity4008 was 0.49 per 1000 live births. The @entity1 were premature in 20.4 % and low birth weight in 13.6 % of cases. The clinical presentation was not specific for most cases. The main signs at admission were @entity221 (43.2 %), refusal to nurse (20.4 %), @entity410 (18.2 %), and respiratory distress (13.6 %). The cerebrospinal fluid culture was positive in 36.4 % of cases. The group B streptococcus was the most frequently isolated (62.5 %) followed by @entity526 (12.5 %). The association of @entity3524 - @entity869 - @entity801 was used as the first treatment in all cases. @entity800 was associated with initial antibiotic therapy during the first 5 days in 20.4 % of cases. The mortality rate was 15.9 % and the rate of @entity16 in survivors was 21.6 %. Prematurity, low birth weight, @entity649 , and pleocytosis of less than 500 cells/mm(3) were the main factors of a poor prognosis. The addition of @entity800 to the initial antibiotic therapy was associated with a decreased rate of @entity16 in survivors (11 % vs. 25 %, P=0.042). CONCLUSION: This study emphasizes the severity of neonatal @entity4008 with high rates of mortality and @entity16 , especially in premature and low birth weight @entity1 . An early diagnosis and effective antibiotic therapy is needed to improve the prognosis.

title: [Clinical outcome and prognosis of neonatal XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity801 :: ('MESH:D005839', 'Chemical') :: ['gentamicin']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures']

entities_list: @entity4008 :: ('MESH:D016920', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial meningitis']

entities_list: @entity649 :: ('MESH:D012128', 'Disease') :: ['shock, respiratory distress']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological sequelae']

entities_list: @entity3524 :: ('MESH:D002439', 'Chemical') :: ['cefotaxime']

entities_list: @entity800 :: ('MESH:D015242', 'Chemical') :: ['Ofloxacin', 'ofloxacin']

entities_list: @entity869 :: ('MESH:D000667', 'Chemical') :: ['ampicillin']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['hyperthermia']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

answer: @entity4008 :: (MESH:D016920,Disease) :: ['bacterial meningitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Radiotherapy (RT) has been a risk factor for development of soft @entity242 (STS). The objective of the current study was to quantify the risk of STS after RT and surgery for @entity0 ( @entity0 ), assess time trends, and compare long-term survival of @entity1 with RT-associated and non-RT-associated @entity5426 ( @entity5426 ) using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. METHODS: @entity1 with @entity0 reported to SEER in 1973 to 2003 were included. Kaplan-Meier curves and proportional hazards models, reported as hazards ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI), were used. Survival of @entity1 who developed RT-associated @entity5426 was compared with that of @entity1 with primary @entity5426 . RESULTS: The cohort of 563,155 @entity0 @entity1 was divided into 2 groups: those who received RT (37%) and those who received no RT. RT use increased with time (P<.0001). A total of 948 @entity1 developed STS 1 to 29 years after @entity0 diagnosis. RT @entity1 had a higher incidence of all STS (31 vs 22 per 100,000 @entity1 -years; HR, 1.5 [95% CI, 1.3-1.8]), @entity5426 (HR, 7.6; 95% CI, 4.9-11.9), and @entity1418 ( @entity1418 ) (HR, 2.5; 95% CI, 1.6-3.9). RT remained a significant predictor after adjustment for covariates (HR, 1.4; 95% CI, 1.2-1.7). Partial mastectomies (HR, 7.1; 95% CI, 3.2-16), RT (HR, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.1-4.3), and lymph node dissections (HR, 2.6; 95% CI, 1.3-5) were found to be independent risk factors for @entity5426 . The hazard of STS after RT peaked at 10 years, reaching the non-RT hazard at approximately 23 years. The 5-year survival for STS was 38%. There was no difference in survival noted between RT-induced and non-RT-induced @entity5426 . CONCLUSIONS: RT was found to increase the risk for STS, in particular @entity5426 and @entity1418 . @entity1 who received RT for @entity0 should be followed closely for >20 years.

title: XXXX after radiotherapy for @entity0 : sustained risk and poor survival.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'Women', 'person']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer', 'BCa']

entities_list: @entity242 :: ('MESH:D012509', 'Disease') :: ['tissue sarcomas']

entities_list: @entity1418 :: ('MESH:D051677', 'Disease') :: ['malignant fibrous histiocytomas', 'MFH']

entities_list: @entity5426 :: ('MESH:D006394', 'Disease') :: ['AS', 'angiosarcoma', 'AS of the thorax and upper extremities']

answer: @entity242 :: (MESH:D012509,Disease) :: ['Secondary sarcomas']


abstract: PURPOSE: The 9-French 8-mm tip cryoablation catheter confers a high rate of acute slow pathway (SP) elimination and an acceptable short-term outcome in @entity1 with @entity2917 ( @entity2917 ). The aim of this study was to investigate the long-term outcome of @entity1 treated with this electrode in this indication. METHODS: Eighty-two @entity1 (female   =   52) with a mean age of 54.9        17.7  years underwent SP elimination for typical @entity2917 with the 8-mm tip cryocatheter in our institution between November 2009 to June 2012. Clinical and procedural characteristics were prospectively collected. RESULTS: Acute procedural success defined as @entity2917 non-inducibility at the end of the procedure was obtained in 81/82 @entity1 (98.7  %). Mean procedure duration and fluoroscopy time were 74.4        28.7  min (range, 35-160  min) and 8.7        5.3  min (range, 2-26  min), respectively. Mean number of energy applications was 4.0        2.4 (range, 2-15). No permanent @entity713 was observed. Transient @entity713 occurred in 12 @entity1 (14.6  %). Traumatic fast pathway conduction block occurred in one @entity1 before cryoenergy delivery. Using an intention-to-treat analysis, 78 @entity1 (95.1  %) remained free of @entity2917 recurrence during a mean follow-up of 17.8        9.3  months. CONCLUSIONS: This study confirmed that the 8-mm tip cryocatheter is both safe and highly effective for SP conduction elimination in @entity1 with @entity2917 and demonstrated a low recurrence rate during a long-term follow-up.

title: Slow pathway elimination for XXXX with the 8-mm tip cryoablation catheter: an 18-month follow-up study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity713 :: ('MESH:D054537', 'Disease') :: ['atrioventricular block']

entities_list: @entity2917 :: ('MESH:D013611', 'Disease') :: ['AVNRT', 'atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia']

answer: @entity2917 :: (MESH:D013611,Disease) :: ['atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate effects of @entity28 on sex @entity134 levels during treatment with a @entity4396 agonist in @entity1 with @entity263 . EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Forty-nine hormone-na  ve @entity1 with recurrent or locally advanced @entity263 were included in the analyses. All subjects were treated with @entity3086 3-month depot for 48 weeks. Serum levels of @entity53 , @entity443 , total @entity251 , and free @entity251 were assessed at baseline, 24 weeks, and 48 weeks. Subjects were categorized by body mass index (BMI) and percent body fat. RESULTS: Pretreatment serum @entity443 and total @entity251 levels were significantly lower in overweight and @entity28 @entity1 than in @entity1 with normal BMI. In the overall study population, mean serum @entity251 concentrations decreased from 372 +/- 18 ng/dL at baseline to 13 +/- 1 ng/dL at week 48 (P < 0.001). Free @entity251 decreased from 6.75 +/- 0.33 ng/dL at baseline to 0.21 +/- 0.02 ng/dL at week 48 (P < 0.001). During treatment with @entity3086 , @entity28 @entity1 had significantly higher total and free @entity251 levels than @entity1 with normal BMI. Compared with normal @entity1 , total and free @entity251 levels during treatment were 1.8-fold and 2.3-fold higher in @entity28 @entity1 . Similar results were observed when subjects were categorized by body fat. CONCLUSIONS: Despite lower pretreatment serum @entity251 levels, @entity28 @entity1 have higher total and free @entity251 levels during @entity3086 treatment than @entity1 with normal BMI. These differences may contribute to the association between @entity28 and @entity263 mortality.

title: XXXX and sex steroids during @entity4396 agonist treatment for @entity263 .

entities_list: @entity4396 :: ('2796', 'Gene') :: ['gonadotropin-releasing hormone']

entities_list: @entity3086 :: ('MESH:D016729', 'Chemical') :: ['leuprolide']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer', 'increased prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obese', 'obesity']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['estradiol']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity443 :: ('6462', 'Gene') :: ['sex hormone-binding globulin']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['Obesity']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Percutaneous treatment of acquired coronary @entity292 with covered stent BACKGROUND: Acquired @entity301 ( @entity301 ) is a rare complication of coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. Surgical repair has been generally recommended, but percutaneous techniques have also been described; coils were used primarily in smaller @entity292 while double umbrella or vascular occlusion devices were used in larger ones. To the best of our knowledge the use of coronary covered stent has never been reported. A 73-year-old @entity1 underwent CABG in November 2004 for unstable @entity951 and left internal mammary artery (LIMA) was anastomosed to left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery. Three months later he underwent a control angiogram to check for the reappearance of @entity951 , which demonstrated an inadvertent LIMA-great cardiac vein (GCV) @entity254 . After discussions, an attempt to close the @entity301 with implantation of a covered stent was performed. METHODS: Using a percutaneous right internal jugular vein approach, coronary sinus was selectively cannulated and a 0.014-in. coronary guide wire was advanced selectively to the GCV, then a covered stent was deployed across the anastomotic site, obtaining the immediate occlusion of the @entity301 . RESULTS: No contrast medium flowed into the distal part of the GCV at the reinjection of the coronary sinus and a selective injection into LIMA showed the absence of flow through LIMA, confirming the occlusion of the anastomotic site. CONCLUSIONS: We have demonstrated successful occlusion of an iatrogenic @entity301 by using percutaneous stenting of GCV with covered stent via coronary sinus approach, which seems to be technically less demanding, safer, and time sparing.

title: Iatrogenic left internal mammary artery-coronary vein XXXX treated with covered stent deployment via retrograde percutaneous coronary sinus approach.

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['aorto-coronary fistulae', 'ACF']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity951 :: ('MESH:D000787', 'Disease') :: ['effort angina', 'angina']

answer: @entity254 :: (MESH:C563598,Disease) :: ['anastomosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Training multidisciplinary teams using simulation allows for communication, development and maintenance of teamwork. In this study we compared the behavior of residents from emergency and anesthesiology departments on treatment of @entity1167 . METHODS: 42 anesthesiology and 29 emergency residents are included in the study. Two scenarios were designed for diagnosis and treatment of @entity1167 and @entity2224 . First scenario was a case with @entity2224 ( @entity2224 ) and the second was an @entity1167 case. @entity16807 protocols were used for assessment. Age, years of training, and years in practice were compared for each group. RESULTS: Anesthesiology residents attempted to secure the airway immediately after checking the carotid pulse and began the cardiac compressions. After intubation, the vast majority (88%) of @entity1 monitorized the @entity1 . Only 11.9% of the residents started compressions and were reminded to monitorize the @entity1 . Emergency residents immediately started CPR with compressions and ventilation by mask. 79.3% of them decided to intubate after a few compressions but 20.7% of them didn't attempt it. 50% of the residents monitorized the simulator whereas the other half was reminded to. There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of @entity2224 and @entity1167 management, but the age of the doctors was a decisive factor affecting the success in the @entity2224 simulation. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates the use of simulation to identify the @entity341 and anesthesiology residents. It highlights the need to emphasize criteria that should be used in resuscitation.

title: Does management of XXXX scenarios differ between residents of different disciplines? A comparison with simulation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['deficiencies in basic knowledge and the skills of emergency']

entities_list: @entity2224 :: ('MESH:D014693', 'Disease') :: ['VF', 'ventricular fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrest', 'asystole']

answer: @entity1167 :: (MESH:D006323,Disease) :: ['cardiac arrest']


abstract: Primary @entity5 of the heart are rare. The majority of these @entity5 are benign, with @entity3291 located in the left atrium being the most common form. Almost all @entity5 are @entity242 and occur preferentially in the right side of the heart. An exception to this rule is @entity1822 , a rare form of primary @entity299 that occurs predominantly in the left atrium, as does @entity299 . The case of a 53-year-old @entity1 who presented with symptoms of @entity4794 and @entity120 is reported. Cardiac catheterization, angiography and echocardiography revealed a left atrial mass that was interpreted as @entity4615 . At the time of operation, the myxoid appearance of the @entity5 mass further supported this assumption. The @entity5 , including a wide rim of @entity955 , was removed with cautery. Histopathological examination unexpectedly showed that the @entity5 was not an @entity4615 but rather a myxoid variant of a @entity1822 . Immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy confirmed the diagnosis. Local radiotherapy was considered but deemed contraindicated in view of the @entity120 . Two months after excision, a repeat echocardiogram indicated recurrence of @entity5 in the left atrium, and the @entity1 died a few days later. The preferential left atrial location and the frequently myxoid appearance of primary @entity299 it particularly difficult to differentiate them preoperatively from @entity4615 . The authors recommend resection of all @entity5 with a wide (at least 1 cm) margin, combined with intraoperative frozen section diagnosis, because complete surgical resection appears to correlate with prolonged survival in the few reported cases of @entity1822 . In cases of incomplete initial resection or local recurrence in the absence of metastatic disease, heart transplantation may be a valid option in appropriately selected @entity1 .

title: XXXX of the left atrium: a rare malignancy of the heart and its comparison with @entity4615 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'woman', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity242 :: ('MESH:D012509', 'Disease') :: ['sarcomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant tumours', 'atrial myxoid tumours', 'tumour', 'tumours']

entities_list: @entity120 :: ('MESH:D006976', 'Disease') :: ['longstanding pulmonary hypertension', 'pulmonary hypertension']

entities_list: @entity1822 :: ('MESH:D007890', 'Disease') :: ['primary leiomyosarcoma', 'leiomyosarcoma', 'atrial leiomyosarcomas']

entities_list: @entity4615 :: ('MESH:C538262', 'Disease') :: ['atrial myxomas', 'atrial myxoma']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial septum']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac myxoma', 'leiomyosarcomas of the heart make', 'cardiac sarcoma']

entities_list: @entity4794 :: ('MESH:D008946', 'Disease') :: ['mitral valve stenosis']

answer: @entity1822 :: (MESH:D007890,Disease) :: ['Myxoid leiomyosarcoma']


abstract: The use of agonist monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to probe the signalling function of platelet membrane proteins is severely limited by the dependence of the mAb effect on Fc-FcgammaRII interaction. Furthermore, in addition to its anchoring role, the FcgammaRII receptor itself generates a stimulation signal resulting in granule secretion. Platelet stimulation by the released granule contents can then further obscure the original activation signal. Here we demonstrate that these problems are largely overcome by the use of platelets which had been degranulated with thrombin prior to stimulation with mAbs. We found that, like intact cells, degranulated platelets could also be activated and induced to aggregate by mAbs against a 67 kD membrane protein (known as @entity9349 ) and @entity6460 , and by crosslinked @entity222 (FcgammaRII). However, the signal generated by crosslinked FcgammaRII was weak compared with that induced by the other monoclonal antibodies. Thus, by diminishing the FcgammaRII signal contribution, we have succeeded for the first time to clearly dissect the target antigen signal from that generated by FcgammaRII. In addition to differences in the degree of aggregation, analysis of the signals generated by each mAb showed differences in @entity141 fluxes and protein phosphorylation. Moreover, the signals generated by @entity6460 and @entity9349 antigens differed significantly in their sensitivity to PKC inhibition or @entity857 -ribosylation of the small GTP-binding protein @entity3547 . Despite these differences, the signals initiated by all three antigens converged to a common signalling pathway which included activation of @entity669 kinase(s). The pattern of protein phosphorylation strongly resembled that induced by @entity1427 /IIIa-mediated platelet interaction with macromolecular ligands and by mutual cell contact. The multiple intercellular links formed by mAb would have a similar effect since the Fc-receptor anchorage required for antigen stimulation is already known to be provided by adjacent cells. The present findings suggest that the function of both @entity6460 and @entity9349 antigens is closely associated with @entity1427 /IIIa activation.

title: Analysis of XXXX , @entity222 and p67 signalling: use of degranulated platelets indicates direct involvement of @entity6460 and p67 in integrin activation.

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

answer: @entity6460 :: (928,Gene) :: ['CD9']


abstract: We reviewed the records of 16 @entity1 with true @entity41163 and analyzed the typical clinical features and methods of treatment. Fourteen feet were involved in 13 @entity1 (one was bilaterally affected). Three hands were involved in three @entity1 . Clinically, all lesions in the hands and lesions in 11 of 14 feet involved the preaxial side. There was multiple digit involvement in two hands and 11 feet. Progressive @entity41163 (10 feet and two hands) was more common than the static type (four feet and one hand). Proximal involvement of the sole or palm occurred in seven feet and one hand; all cases were of progressive @entity41163 . Enlargement of the metatarsals or the metacarpals was frequent (11 feet and two hands). The growth behavior and extent of bony involvement were similar in @entity1 with hand involvement and those with foot involvement. Fourteen @entity1 had additional clinodactyly, either medial or lateral. The toes of eight feet had @entity85 in the sagittal plane; most were angulated dorsally. Nine @entity1 underwent surgery and two had repeated surgery. The reduction procedures included debulking, ray resection, toe resection, phalangeal resection, and phalangeal epiphysiodesis; the corrective procedures included wedge osteotomy, interdigitalization, and split thickness skin graft. Of the nine @entity1 surgically treated, five had good results and four had fair results. Of the seven @entity1 without surgical repair, three had fair results and four had poor results. Surgical debulking, phalangeal resection, ray resection, and phalangeal epiphysiodesis produced significant improvement in @entity41163 of the feet and hands. Toe resection was not as beneficial.

title: XXXX of the feet and hands.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['angular deformities']

entities_list: @entity41163 :: ('MESH:C562546', 'Disease') :: ['macrodactyly']

answer: @entity41163 :: (MESH:C562546,Disease) :: ['Macrodactyly']


abstract: @entity164 ( @entity164 ) @entity19 @entity1778 L1210 cells express steady-state levels of the mRNA and protein for @entity899 . However, the @entity899 expressed by the wild-type cells is a mutant form of @entity899 . A @entity38254 -resistant L1210 cell line (Y8) derived from the parental @entity164 L1210 cells does not maintain constitutive levels of @entity899 mRNA or protein. Upon DNA damage, induced by @entity632 , neither the @entity164 nor the Y8 cells block in G0/G1; the cells block in G2/M. However, treatment of the Y8 cells with @entity632 results in a much greater fraction of cells becoming apoptotic compared to the @entity164 cells. @entity632 treatment resulted in the induction of @entity899 mRNA in the @entity164 cells, but not the Y8 cells. @entity5207 , c-myc and @entity1380 mRNAs were also induced by @entity632 in the @entity164 cells but not in the Y8 cells. The constitutive levels of @entity5207 and @entity38255 , unexpectedly seen in the @entity899 -deficient Y8 cells, decreased following @entity632 treatment. The comparison of the effects of DNA damage, as measured by mRNA levels, induced by X-irradiation or @entity632 were found to vary between the @entity164 and Y8 cells and for the particular mRNA studied. The effect of @entity632 or X-irradiation on the cell cycle could be overridden in the @entity164 cells by @entity5834 . Comparisons of DNA damage induced by @entity632 or X-irradiation show that although the Y8 cells are more sensitive to these damaging agents than the @entity164 cells, the effects on gene expressions are not identical.

title: Effect of @entity632 on wild-type and @entity38254 -resistant XXXX @entity1778 L1210 cells.

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin', 'Doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity5834 :: ('MESH:D002110', 'Chemical') :: ['caffeine']

entities_list: @entity38254 :: ('MESH:D003839', 'Chemical') :: ['deoxyadenosine']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: OBJECT: @entity463 (GB) is an exceedingly rare @entity5 in which some of the @entity5 cells possess rhabdoid features such as eccentric nuclei, abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm, and pseudopapillary formations. These @entity5 are exceptionally aggressive, and @entity6831 is common. In the 9 previously reported cases, the longest survival was only 9 months, with a median survival of 17.8 weeks. The authors report the clinicopathological characteristics of 4 cases of rhabdoid GB and demonstrate the utility of intensive @entity2903 and adjuvant therapy in these @entity5 . The authors also review the literature to provide the most comprehensive understanding of these rare @entity5 to date. METHODS: A retrospective review was performed of @entity1 treated for GB at the Duke University Medical Center between 2004 and 2012. One of two experienced neuropathologists identified 4 cases as being rhabdoid GBs. Immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization analyses were performed in all cases. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to assess overall survival, with the log-rank test being used to evaluate differences between survival curves. An extensive review of the literature was also performed. RESULTS: The median age of @entity1 with rhabdoid GB was 30 years. Clinical presentation varied with location, with @entity10 being a presenting symptom in 90% of @entity1 . All lesions were supratentorial, and 45.5% of the cases involved the temporal lobe. @entity6831 occurred in 63.6% of @entity1 , with 1 @entity1 having extracranial @entity3 to the scalp and lungs. Fluorescence in situ hybridization revealed @entity470 gain or amplification in all study cases. The median survival in the authors' cohort was significantly higher than that of all previously reported cases (27.5 vs 4.5 months, p = 0.003). Postoperative treatment in the authors' cohort included radiotherapy with concurrent @entity2903 , bevacizumab, @entity4047 , CCNU, and/or @entity2879 . CONCLUSIONS: Enhanced survival in the authors' 4 @entity1 suggests that the current standard of care for the treatment of GB may be beneficial in rhabdoid GB cases, with postoperative radiotherapy and concomitant @entity2903 treatment followed by adjuvant therapy. Due to the rapid @entity5 dissemination associated with these lesions, aggressive and timely therapy is warranted, with frequent surveillance and/or continued therapy despite stable disease. Additionally, @entity1 should undergo full craniospinal imaging to monitor the development of distant metastatic disease.

title: Clinicopathological characteristics and treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity470 :: ('1956', 'Gene') :: ['epidermal growth factor receptor']

entities_list: @entity6831 :: ('MESH:D004673', 'Disease') :: ['leptomeningeal dissemination', 'Leptomeningeal dissemination']

entities_list: @entity2879 :: ('MESH:D005047', 'Chemical') :: ['etoposide']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity2903 :: ('MESH:C047246', 'Chemical') :: ['temozolomide']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity463 :: ('MESH:D005909', 'Disease') :: ['Rhabdoid glioblastoma']

answer: @entity463 :: (MESH:D005909,Disease) :: ['rhabdoid glioblastoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Hemocytes are the first line of defense in the invertebrate immune system. Understanding their roles in cellular immunity is important for developing more efficient mycoinsecticides. However, the exact classification of hemocytes has been inconsistent and the various types of phagocytes in @entity9222 are poorly defined. Herein, the Wright-Giemsa staining method and microscopy were employed to characterize the hemocytes of @entity9222 following @entity281 by @entity39178 . Hemocytes were classified into four types, including granulocytes, plasmatocytes, prohemocytes, and oenocytoids, based on size, morphology, and dye-staining properties. Each type of hemocyte was classified into several subtypes according to different ultrastructural features. At least four subtypes of granulocytes or plasmatocytes, including small-nucleus plasmatocytes, basophil vacuolated plasmatocytes, homogeneous plasmatocytes, and eosinophilic granulocytes, carried out phagocytosis. The percentage of total phagocytes increased two days after @entity281 by @entity39178 , then gradually declined during the next two days, and then increased sharply again at the fifth day. Our data suggested that plasmatocytes and granulocytes may be the major phagocytes that protect against invasion by a fungal pathogen in @entity9222 . Total hemocytes in locusts significantly increased in the initial days after @entity281 and decreased in the late period of @entity281 compared to controls. In the hemocoalom, hyphal bodies were recognized, enwrapped, and digested by the phagocytes. Then, the broken hyphal pieces were packaged as vesicles to be secreted from the cell. Moreover, locusts might have a sensitive and efficient cellular immune system that can regulate phagocyte differentiation and proliferation before fungi colonize the host hemolymph.

title: Wright-Giemsa staining to observe phagocytes in XXXX infected with @entity39178 .

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity9222 :: ('7004', 'Species') :: ['L. migratoria', 'Locusta migratoria']

entities_list: @entity39178 :: ('92637', 'Species') :: ['M. acridum', 'Metarhizium acridum']

answer: @entity9222 :: (7004,Species) :: ['Locusta migratoria']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We sought to examine the role of religious organizations in the provision of @entity645 / @entity791 -related assistance in Africa. METHODS: We used data collected from Christian religious organizations in southern Mozambique. Bivariate comparisons and logistic regression analysis of survey data were performed. We conducted an analysis of the qualitative data to complement the quantitative results. RESULTS: Our analysis revealed little involvement of religious organizations in provision of assistance. Most assistance was decentralized and consisted of psychological support and some personal care and household help. Material or financial help was rare. Assistance to nonmembers of congregations was reported more often than to members. Members of larger and better-secularly connected congregations were more likely to report assistance than were members of smaller and less-secularly engaged ones. Assistance was reported more in cities than in rural areas. @entity1 were more likely than @entity1 to report providing assistance to congregation members, and the reverse was true for assistance provided to nonmembers. The cooperation of religious organizations in provision of assistance was hindered by financial constraints and institutional rivalry. CONCLUSIONS: Policy efforts to involve religious organizations in provision of @entity645 / @entity791 -related assistance should take into account that organization's resources, institutional goals, and social characteristics.

title: Promises and challenges of faith-based XXXX care and support in Mozambique.

answer: @entity791 :: (MESH:D000163,Disease) :: ['AIDS']


abstract: Endoscopic third ventriculostomy has been found to be successful for treating occlusive @entity1276 . The complication rate ranges from 6 to 12%. @entity954 is the most common incident. @entity177 are rare, mainly due to the proximity of the hypothalamic structures. We report the case of a 33-year-old @entity1 who was referred in emergency for subacute @entity1276 related to a tentorium @entity1653 . The @entity1276 was treated by endoscopic third ventriculostomy. During the procedure, the floor of the third ventricle was found to be thick but fenestration was performed without incident. After surgery, the clinical signs of @entity1276 disappeared but @entity2010 was diagnosed the same day. There were no other @entity74 . Medical treatment with @entity3488 allowed resolution of the @entity2010 in fifteen days. Surgical debulking of the @entity1653 was then achieved via a subtemporal approach. There was no recurrence of the @entity74 . @entity2010 is an unpredictable complication of third ventriculostomy. The mechanism is not well known. It is however a transient disorder that can easily be treated with vasopresin and therefore should not modify the indications of third ventriculostomy, especially in @entity5 -related @entity1276 .

title: [ XXXX after endoscopic third ventriculostomy. A case report and review of the literature].

entities_list: @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['hydrocephalus']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['Endocrinological failures']

entities_list: @entity1653 :: ('MESH:D008579', 'Disease') :: ['meningioma']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['endocrinology disorders', 'endocrinology disorder']

entities_list: @entity954 :: ('MESH:D016063', 'Disease') :: ['Intraoperative bleeding']

entities_list: @entity2010 :: ('MESH:D003919', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes insipidus', 'Diabetes insipidus']

answer: @entity2010 :: (MESH:D003919,Disease) :: ['Diabetes insipidus']


abstract: We evaluated the natural long-term outcome after childhood IgA @entity1310 . Altogether 55 @entity1 with biopsy-proven IgA @entity1310 were identified, 37 (67%) responded to the health questionnaire and 31 (56%) participated in the medical examination after a mean follow-up of 18.7 years (SD 6.2; range 8.5-29.8). The results of medical examination, onset data and the re-analysis of original biopsies of 31 @entity1 were used when analyzing the predictive factors for persistent @entity8 , i.e. constant @entity644 / @entity811 or @entity454 ( @entity454 ). All @entity1 ' medical history data were obtained from regional hospitals and renal survival data from the national kidney register. Six (11%) of the 55 identified @entity1 had developed @entity454 . Sixteen (52%) of the 31 @entity1 were not attending for regular follow-up visits after the acute phase. Twenty-two (71%) had renal symptoms and 12 (39%) were receiving drugs for @entity101 / @entity644 at their latest follow-up visit. The chronicity index and total biopsy score in the first renal biopsy were higher in @entity1 with persistent @entity8 or @entity454 than in those without (p=0.022 and p=0.014, respectively). Nine (69%) of the 13 subjects who had been over 16 years of age at diagnosis had persistent @entity8 or @entity454 , compared with 4 (22%) of the 18 subjects who had been under 16 years of age (relative risk 3.1, 95% CI 1.2-8.0). Pregnancy complications were common: 12 (55%) of the 22 pregnancies had been complicated by @entity644 and/or @entity101 , and the prematurity rate was 30%. Long-term follow-up during adulthood is needed even after mild childhood IgA @entity1310 , especially in @entity1 during and after pregnancy.

title: Long-term outcome 19 years after childhood IgA XXXX : a retrospective cohort study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity1310 :: ('MESH:D009393', 'Disease') :: ['nephritis']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['nephropathy']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity811 :: ('MESH:D006417', 'Disease') :: ['hematuria']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage renal disease', 'ESRD']

answer: @entity1310 :: (MESH:D009393,Disease) :: ['nephritis']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: @entity901 , which is effective for @entity14 ( @entity14 ) in combination with @entity1487 ( @entity1487 ) and @entity4181 (LV), is widely used for metastatic @entity14 . With the increasing use of @entity901 , however, serious adverse events have been experienced, including @entity1503 . The aim of this study was to evaluate whether tri-weekly modified FOLFOX6 (mFOLFOX6) maintenance chemotherapy is associated with a low incidence of severe @entity1503 in the treatment of @entity1 with metastatic @entity14 . METHODOLOGY: We developed a new treatment regimen with mFOLFOX6 biweekly for 8-10 consecutive cycles (induction phase) followed by a 3-week rest period, after which treatment was resumed with cycles of tri-weekly mFOLFOX6 at standard doses (maintenance phase). Validity and complications were investigated retrospectively. RESULTS: Twenty-nine @entity1 were enrolled in this study. The median progression-free survival (PFS) and @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) times were 9.4 months and 23 months, respectively. All @entity1 had @entity1897 during treatment, but grade 3 @entity2359 was observed in only 2 @entity1 (6.9%). CONCLUSIONS: mFOLFOX6 maintenance chemotherapy was associated with a very low incidence of grade 3 @entity1503 . The @entity137 associated with PFS and @entity1349 were comparable to those reported in the treatment of @entity1 with metastatic @entity14 . A tri-weekly mFOLFOX maintenance strategy of alternative treatment with a less-toxic regimen may reduce @entity137 and maintain efficacy.

title: Scheduled prospective tri-weekly modified FOLFOX6 maintenance chemotherapy in the treatment of metastatic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity901 :: ('MESH:C030110', 'Chemical') :: ['oxaliplatin', 'Oxaliplatin']

entities_list: @entity4181 :: ('MESH:D002955', 'Chemical') :: ['leucovorin']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity2359 :: ('MESH:D020258', 'Disease') :: ['neurotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['hematologic and neurologic toxicities']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['CRC', 'colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: 1. The @entity2661 adrenaline (A), @entity1063 (NA) and @entity935 (DA) were determined in plasma samples of @entity1 and various animal species using a highly sensitive radioenzymatic method.2. Basal values were determined under conditions producing virtually no physical or psychic stress in blood obtained through acutely inserted venous catheters in @entity1 volunteers, @entity95 and @entity291 , through chronic indwelling catheters in @entity468 and @entity35 , and by cubital venipuncture in trained @entity235 .3. Basal values (pg/ml.) for A, NA, and DA were respectively 64, 203 and 98 in @entity1 , 73, 609 and 276 in @entity468 , 166, 392 and 216 in @entity95 , 56, 152 and 91 in @entity291 , 204, 376 and 173 in @entity235 , and 175, 509, and 84 in SPF @entity35 . The NA concentrations were always higher than those of A and DA.4. Gentle handling of @entity35 for 30 sec greatly increased the levels of all @entity2661 , especially of A. Even more marked rises were observed during and up to 5 min after restraint stress.5. Blood from the trunk of decapitated @entity35 contained about 20 times more A and 3-4 times more DA and NA than venous blood from catheters in the absence of handling.6. Basal values of plasma @entity2661 in small animals can only be obtained through indwelling catheters and in the absence of handling. Most of the previously reported values are too high and are experimental artifacts.

title: Plasma adrenaline, @entity1063 and @entity935 in XXXX and different animal species.

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity2661 :: ('MESH:D002395', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamines']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['noradrenaline']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['man']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIM: Flat and depressed @entity14 can be difficult to identify using conventional colonoscopy techniques. Narrow-band imaging (NBI) provides unique views especially of mucosal vascular network and helps in visualization of @entity5 by improving contrast. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of using NBI for @entity14 screening. METHODS: Forty-seven consecutive @entity1 , who underwent high definition colonoscopy (HDC) screening examinations revealing @entity1313 , were enrolled in our prospective study. No biopsies or resections were performed during the initial HDC, but @entity1 in whom lesions were detected underwent further colonoscopies using NBI, with the results of the first examination blinded from the colonoscopist. They then received appropriate treatment. We compared diagnostic detection rates of @entity1313 for HDC and NBI procedures using total number of all identified @entity1313 as reference standard. RESULTS: Altogether, 153 lesions were detected and analyzed in 43 @entity1 . Mean diagnostic extubation times were not significantly different (P = 0.18), but the total number of lesions detected by NBI was higher (134 vs 116; P = 0.02). Based on macroscopic type, flat lesions were identified more often by NBI (P = 0.04). As for lesion size, only flat lesions < 5 mm were detected more frequently (P = 0.046). Lesions in the right colon were identified more often by NBI (P = 0.02), but NBI missed two flat lesions >or= 10 mm located there. CONCLUSIONS: Narrow band imaging colonoscopy may represent a significant improvement in the detection of flat and diminutive lesions, but a future multi-center controlled trial should be conducted to fully evaluate efficacy for screening colonoscopies.

title: Detectability of XXXX using a narrow-band imaging system: a pilot study.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplasia']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal neoplasia', 'colorectal neoplastic lesions']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['neoplastic lesions']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal neoplastic lesions']


abstract: @entity121 ( @entity121 ) is a diagnostic criterion for @entity6288 . Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) offers a bedside approach to measure @entity121 but the performance of BIA prediction equations (PE) varies with ethnicities and body composition. We aim to validate the performance of five PEs in estimating @entity121 against estimation by dual-energy X- @entity16039 absorptiometry (DXA). We recruited 195 healthy adult Australians and @entity121 was measured using single-frequency BIA. Bland-Altman analysis was used to assess the predictive accuracy of @entity121 as determined by BIA against DXA. Precision ( @entity2246 ( @entity2246 )) and bias (mean error (ME)) were calculated according to the method of Sheiner and Beal. Four PEs (except that by Kim) showed @entity121 values that correlated strongly with ASMDXA (r ranging from 0.96 to 0.97, p < 0.001). The Sergi equation performed the best with the lowest ME of -1.09 kg (CI: -0.84--1.34, p < 0.001) and the @entity2246 was 2.09 kg (CI: 1.72-2.47). In @entity1 , the Kyle equation performed better with the lowest ME (-0.32 kg (CI: -0.66-0.02) and @entity2246 (1.54 kg (CI: 1.14-1.93)). The Sergi equation is applicable in adult Australians (Caucasian) whereas the Kyle equation can be considered in males. The need remains to validate PEs in other ethnicities and to develop equations suitable for multi-frequency BIA.

title: The Performance of Five Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis Prediction Equations against Dual X- XXXX Absorptiometry in Estimating Appendicular Skeletal Muscle Mass in an Adult Australian Population.

entities_list: @entity6288 :: ('MESH:D055948', 'Disease') :: ['sarcopenia']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['ASM', 'Appendicular skeletal muscle mass']

entities_list: @entity2246 :: ('MESH:D008661', 'Disease') :: ['RMSE', 'root mean square error']

answer: @entity16039 :: (255564,Species) :: ['ray']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Several studies have demonstrated that the use of single tablet regimens (STRs) in @entity101 is associated with improved outcomes and reduced healthcare costs compared with individual component regimens. The objective was to carry out a retrospective analysis of a UK general practice population to test these conclusions in a UK context. METHOD: A retrospective cohort study was carried out using a primary care database (The Health Improvement Network; THIN), comparing 9929 @entity101 @entity1 on STRs with 18,665 @entity1 on individual component therapy. Data were collected for prescriptions, significant @entity65 , and out- @entity1 referrals over a minimum follow-up period of 5 years after initiation of therapy. Current @entity9462 costings were applied to the data, to arrive at an estimate of comparative resource use. RESULTS: There were significantly more @entity65 in the individual component group than those treated with a single tablet regimen. Five year event rates: 8.3% vs 13.6%; Absolute Risk Reduction (ARR)   =5.3%; Number needed to treat (NNT)   =18.9. After correction for potential confounders, the hazard ratio was 0.74 (95%CI=0.70-0.77), p<0.0001. Hospital admission costs were lower in the STR group, but drug costs were higher. Overall, the mean annual management cost per @entity1 was similar in the two groups (  191.49 vs   189.35). KEY LIMITATIONS: The study was based on a retrospective cohort and the result may therefore be influenced by unidentified confounders. It was not possible to identify the reasons for individual prescriptions, some of which may have been issued for reasons other than @entity101 . Costings for some components of the outcome could not be assessed from the dataset and are therefore omitted from the analysis. Finally, no attempt was made to distinguish outcomes associated with individual classes of anti- @entity101 . CONCLUSIONS: This study confirms the association observed by other authors that @entity1 treated with STRs are less likely to experience serious @entity65 than those on individual component therapy. In a UK context this analysis has shown that potential hospital savings broadly offset the additional drug acquisition costs associated with STRs. These agents can therefore be considered cost neutral.

title: Optimizing adherence in XXXX : a comparison of outcomes and costs using single tablet regimens vs individual component regimens.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensives', 'hypertension', 'hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular events']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertension']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Absorbable membranes are used to promote the regeneration of periodontal defects by Guided Tissue Regeneration (GTR). However, their collapse into the defect is commonly reported, impairing regeneration. Therefore, absorbable but rigid membranes aiming at preventing such collapse were developed and analyzed in periodontal regeneration. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Membranes were analyzed in class II @entity6876 in @entity235 ; procedures included @entity2520 induction, prophylaxis and GTR (treated groups) or open flap debridement alone (control group). For GTR, the membranes were made of either 25% @entity692 (HA) in @entity13100 matrix ( @entity13100 ) or 35% HA in @entity13100 . Animals were clinically evaluated for @entity1464 , clinical attachment level (CAL) and biopsies were collected at 60 and 120 days. Bone volume, trabeculae number, trabecular thickness and trabecular separation were quantified by micro-computed tomography, followed by histology. RESULTS: Membrane exposure was observed in both treated groups (25 and 35% HAP) from the 8(th) day after surgery, continuously progressing until 120 days. Mean CAL for all groups remained above normal values for @entity235 . Bone volumetric values were not significantly different. Partial formation of bone, cementum and periodontal ligament was observed in treated groups. An inflammatory infiltrate was observed in the dense connective tissue that partially filled the center of the treated defects with active osteoclasts on bone surface. CONCLUSION: Although partial regeneration of the defect was observed, it was limited by wound contamination. Consequently, rigid absorbable membranes made of HA and @entity13100 failed to improve the regeneration of class II @entity6876 in @entity235 .

title: Guided tissue regeneration using rigid absorbable membranes in the @entity235 model of chronic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity6876 :: ('MESH:D017823', 'Disease') :: ['furcation defects']

entities_list: @entity1464 :: ('MESH:D005889', 'Disease') :: ['gingival recession']

entities_list: @entity2520 :: ('MESH:D010510', 'Disease') :: ['periodontal disease']

entities_list: @entity13100 :: ('CHEBI:53388', 'Chemical') :: ['polyhydroxybutyrate', 'PHB']

entities_list: @entity692 :: ('MESH:D017886', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxyapatite']

answer: @entity6876 :: (MESH:D017823,Disease) :: ['furcation defect']


abstract: The clinical pattern and angiographic distribution of @entity4522 varies among different ethnic groups. This study was designed to identify the clinical background for intracranial and extracranial @entity731 in older eastern Chinese @entity1 using digital subtraction angiography. We retrospectively reviewed the data collected from the Nanjing @entity64 Registry Program, from January 2004 to March 2011. The analysis focused on the intracranial or extracranial location of @entity850 in the anterior and posterior circulations. In total, records of 1041 @entity1 were included in the study. Of these @entity1 , 19.88% had @entity543 , 18.73% had @entity850 in the extracranial vessels, and 33.33% had concurrent stenoses. A total of 2002 stenotic sites were detected in 749 @entity1 . Among those @entity1 with @entity850 , a single @entity850 was found in 170 (16.33%) and multiple stenoses were found in 579 (55.62%). The prevalence of @entity932 in the single- @entity850 group was 54.12%, while in the @entity850 group it was 47.87% (p=0.127). A higher incidence of severe @entity850 (70-99% blockage) and occlusion was found in the intracranial vessels than in the extracranial vessels (p=0.018). Older Chinese @entity1 with @entity731 tend to have more intracranial stenoses.

title: Pattern of XXXX in older Chinese @entity1 with @entity64 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity932 :: ('MESH:D020300', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial stenosis']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerotic stenosis']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis', 'multiple-stenosis']

entities_list: @entity543 :: ('MESH:D016893', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial carotid stenosis']

entities_list: @entity4522 :: ('MESH:D002537', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral atherosclerosis']

answer: @entity731 :: (MESH:D050197,Disease) :: ['cerebrovascular atherosclerotic stenosis']


abstract: Monitoring cardiac output (CO) by transesophageal echocardiography involves measurements of ascending aortic flow and an initial measurement of aortic valve area (AVA). Hemodynamic-induced changes in AVA are a potential source of error for this simplified method. Our goal was to quantify these changes in AVA and their effects on CO calculations. In 17 anesthetized @entity1 , a @entity452 infusion was titrated to achieve a 50% increase in ascending aortic flow velocity (V(max)). Hemodynamic and echocardiographic variables, including V(max) and planimetry of AVA, were determined at baseline and at maximal @entity452 dose. @entity452 produced a 3.0 +/- 1.4 L/min increase in CO, a 54.5% +/- 19.6% increase in V(max), and a 50.6% +/- 34.2% increase in systolic blood pressure. AVA increased by 4.3% +/- 2.6% during @entity452 infusion (P < 0.001). The simplified CO method, which does not account for increases in AVA, produced a 0.32 +/- 0.24 L/min underestimation of CO. This investigation demonstrates hemodynamic-induced changes in AVA. The use of a single AVA measurement for all subsequent CO calculations introduces a clinically acceptable degree of error, supporting a simplified CO protocol requiring less probe manipulation and reduced procedural time. IMPLICATIONS: An intraoperative @entity452 infusion was used to increase aortic blood flow and demonstrate hemodynamic-induced changes in aortic valve area. These valve-area changes affect the accuracy of @entity998 .

title: Hemodynamic-induced changes in aortic valve area: implications for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity452 :: ('MESH:D004280', 'Chemical') :: ['dobutamine', 'Dobutamine']

entities_list: @entity998 :: ('MESH:D002303', 'Disease') :: ['Doppler cardiac output determinations']

answer: @entity998 :: (MESH:D002303,Disease) :: ['Doppler cardiac output determinations']