abstract: OBJECTIVES: Calprotectin is a granulocyte neutrophil-predominant cytosolic protein. Fecal concentrations are elevated in intestinal @entity32 and may predict relapse in quiescent @entity29 . We aim to investigate fecal calprotectin (FC) as a biomarker in predicting the clinical course of acute severe @entity31 (ASUC). METHODS: In 90 @entity1 with ASUC requiring intensive in- @entity1 medical therapy (January 2005-September 2007), we investigated the discriminant ability of FC to predict colectomy and corticosteroid and infliximab nonresponse. All @entity1 received parenteral @entity288 as first-line treatment; 21 (23.3%) were also treated with infliximab (5 mg/kg), after failure of corticosteroid therapy. RESULTS: Of 90 @entity1 , 31 (34.4%) required colectomy, including 11 (52.4%) of those treated with infliximab. Overall FC was high (1,020.0 microg/g interquartile range: 601.5-1,617.5). FC was significantly higher in @entity1 requiring colectomy (1,200.0 vs. 887.0; P=0.04), with a trend toward significance when comparing corticosteroid nonresponders and responders (1,100.0 vs. 863.5; P=0.08), as well as between infliximab nonresponders and responders (1,795.0 vs. 920.5; P=0.06). Receiver-operator characteristic curve analysis yielded an area under the curve of 0.65 to predict colectomy (P=0.04), with a maximum likelihood ratio of 9.23, specificity 97.4%, and sensitivity 24.0% at a cutoff point of 1,922.5 microg/g. Kaplan-Meier analyses showed that using 1,922.5 microg/g over a median follow-up of 1.10 years, 87% of @entity1 will need subsequent colectomy. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first data set to demonstrate that FC levels are dramatically elevated in severe UC. These data raise the possibility that this biomarker can predict response to first or second-line medical therapy in this setting.

title: Fecal calprotectin predicts the clinical course of acute severe XXXX .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative colitis']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel disease']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity31 :: (MESH:D003093,Disease) :: ['ulcerative colitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Invasive @entity364 cause considerable morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised hosts. Pigeon droppings could especially be a potential carrier in the spread of pathogenic @entity375 and mold fungi into the environment. The objective of this study was to isolation of @entity1327 and other opportunistic fungi from pigeon droppings. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred twenty samples of pigeon droppings were suspended 1:10 in saline solution and then cultured. Identification of @entity1327 was performed on bird seed agar, presence of a capsule on India ink preparation, urease production on @entity1133 agar medium and RapID @entity375 plus system. The identification of candida species was based on micro-morphological analysis on @entity4336 meal- @entity9266 agar, RapID @entity375 plus system and growth in @entity6923 . The identification of other fungi was based on macromorphologic, microscopic, biochemical and physiological characteristics. RESULTS: The highest frequency of @entity375 and mold fungi were observed in @entity5132 6.6% and Penicillium spp. 25%. The frequency rate of @entity1327 isolation was 2.5%. CONCLUSION: Several types of fungi are present in pigeon droppings that can spread in environment and transmit to @entity1 and elderly as well as immunocompromised @entity1 who are at increased risk of contracting @entity1292 .

title: Isolation of XXXX and other opportunistic fungi from pigeon droppings.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity6923 :: ('MESH:C536777', 'Disease') :: ['CHROMagar candida']

entities_list: @entity1327 :: ('5207', 'Species') :: ['Cryptococcus neoformans', 'C. neoformans']

entities_list: @entity5132 :: ('5476', 'Species') :: ['Candida albicans']

entities_list: @entity364 :: ('MESH:D009181', 'Disease') :: ['fungal infections']

entities_list: @entity1292 :: ('MESH:D009894', 'Disease') :: ['opportunistic diseases']

answer: @entity1327 :: (5207,Species) :: ['Cryptococcus neoformans']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Proven short-term effectiveness of @entity28 therapy should be re-evaluated in the long-term. The objective of this paper is to determine the long-term (10  years) outcome for @entity1 from a randomised controlled trial (RCT). METHODS: A RCT in 2002 compared laparoscopic adjustable gastric band (LAGB) for @entity28 with non-surgical therapy. Follow-up has been conducted at 10  years. Eighty @entity1 (BMI 30-35) were randomised to a non-surgical or a surgical program. Outcome data are available on 37 (92.5  %) of the surgical @entity1 and 27 (62.5  %) of the non-surgical @entity1 at 10  years. RESULTS: Weight change, the @entity209 , quality of life, adverse events and direct costs of the surgical cohort were the main results of the study. A durable @entity353 is present in the surgical group with a mean (SD) 10-year @entity353 of 14.1 (7.7)   kg (63.4  % EWL), better than the non-surgical group (mean (SD)   =   0.4 (10.5)   kg; p   <   0.001). The @entity209 was reduced from 14 to 4 of the 37 @entity1 who completed 10  years within the LAGB groups. Proximal @entity356 occurred in 17 (30  %) of the 57 who had LAGB and removal of the band occurred in 7 (12  %). The annual maintenance costs including additional surgery was AUD  765 per @entity1 per year. CONCLUSIONS: Bariatric surgery with the LAGB can achieve long-term weight reduction which is better than a program of non-surgical therapy. There is also a sustained @entity209 . There is a significant maintenance requirement after LAGB.

title: Intensive medical XXXX or laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding in the treatment of mild to moderate @entity28 : long-term follow-up of a prospective randomised trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['reduction of the metabolic syndrome', 'metabolic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric enlargements']

answer: @entity353 :: (MESH:D015431,Disease) :: ['weight loss']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the accuracy of the BPW810 blood pressure monitor developed by IDT Technology Limited, according to the international protocol of the European Society of @entity101 . DESIGN: The international protocol is divided into two phases: the first phase is performed on 15 selected @entity1 and, if the device passes this phase, 18 more @entity1 are included making a total of 33 @entity1 on whom the final validation is performed. METHOD: According to the European Society of @entity101 requirements, for each of the 33 @entity1 , four blood pressure measurements were taken simultaneously by two trained observers, using @entity349 sphygmomanometers alternately with three measurements by the test device. The difference between the blood pressure value given by the device and mean of the two observers' readings was calculated for each measurement. The 99 differences were classified into zones (< or =5, < or =10, and < or =15 mmHg). The number of differences in each zone was compared with the number required by the international protocol. Furthermore, an individual analysis was then done to determine for each @entity1 the number of comparisons < or =5 mmHg, which requires that at least 22 of the 33 @entity1 should have two of three comparisons < or =5 mmHg. RESULTS: The BPW810 passed the first phase of the validation process for @entity551 . For the second phase, the difference between the device and mean of two observers was -2.2+/-4.8 mmHg for systolic blood pressure and -0.5+/-3.7 mmHg for diastolic blood pressure. In the last phase, 26 @entity1 fell in the zone of two of the three comparisons lying within 5 mmHg and none of the @entity1 fell in the zone of all three of the comparisons over 5 mmHg apart. CONCLUSION: The BPW810 passed all the phases of the international protocol for both @entity551 .

title: Validation of the Oregon scientific BPW810 blood pressure monitor according to the European Society of XXXX Protocol.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'participant']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['systolic and diastolic blood pressure']

entities_list: @entity349 :: ('MESH:D008628', 'Chemical') :: ['mercury']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['Hypertension']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['Hypertension']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Internal @entity3472 are well recognized complications of chronic @entity788 . METHODS: Six @entity1 with internal @entity3472 were treated over a period of 5 years from 1995 to 1999. Four @entity1 presented with @entity843 , one @entity1 presented with @entity843 and bilateral @entity1143 and the sixth @entity1 presented with @entity1143 . Five @entity1 were chronic alcoholics and in one @entity1 the cause of @entity788 was not clear. Although the serum amylase was mildly elevated the levels of amylase in the aspirated fluid were consistently elevated (more than 800 Somogyi units/100 mL), along with the level of proteins (> or = 3 g/100 mL), and on this basis the diagnosis was made. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) demonstrated @entity1124 in four cases. Initial treatment was conservative, consisting of nasogastric aspiration, nil per oral, antisecretory drugs, repeated paracentesis or thoracocenthesis and total parenteral nutrition (TPN). In two @entity1 naso-pancreatic drains (NPD) were placed across the disrupted pancreatic duct. RESULTS: In one @entity1 conservative treatment with NPD was successful, and the remaining five @entity1 required surgical intervention. There was no mortality. Two @entity1 developed surgery-related complications that were successfully managed, but they required an extended hospital stay. CONCLUSION: Internal @entity3472 should be treated initially non-operatively; if this is not effective, operative therapy should be considered without delay.

title: Internal XXXX with @entity788 and @entity1143 : recognition and management.

entities_list: @entity1143 :: ('MESH:D010996', 'Disease') :: ['pleural effusion', 'left-sided pleural effusion']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity1124 :: ('MESH:D021441', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic ductal disruption']

entities_list: @entity3472 :: ('MESH:D010185', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic fistulas']

answer: @entity3472 :: (MESH:D010185,Disease) :: ['pancreatic fistulas']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine whether glycemic control is less feasible when @entity701 is given as a bolus compared with continuous application in @entity326 @entity1 . DESIGN: Observational prospective pilot study. SETTING: Fourteen-bed surgical university hospital ICU. @entity1 : Sixteen consecutive @entity1 with @entity326 receiving a continuous infusion of 200 mg @entity701 /day and an infusion regime of @entity2690 keeping blood @entity413 below 150 mg/dl. INTERVENTION: Blood @entity413 and @entity2690 infusion were adjusted to steady state before intervention. At baseline, the continuous @entity701 infusion was replaced with a single bolus of 50 mg @entity701 . During a subsequent 6-h period, blood @entity413 was monitored hourly and @entity2690 infusion was kept constant. Afterwards, @entity701 application and adjustment of blood @entity413 was resumed according to standard treatment. RESULTS: Mean blood @entity413 in steady state at baseline immediately prior to intervention was 128 mg/dl (range 114-141 mg/dl; 95% confidence interval). After bolus injection of @entity701 , blood @entity413 increased significantly within 6 h with peak levels of 154 mg/dl (range 132-178 mg/dl; p<0.01). Blood @entity413 returned to baseline with restoration of continuous @entity701 infusion. There were marked inter-individual variations with peak @entity413 values up to 254 mg/dl, but no significant difference in intra-individual @entity413 variability before and after bolus injection of @entity701 . CONCLUSIONS: Bolus injections of @entity701 may induce significant increases of blood @entity413 in @entity1 with @entity326 . The individual response is highly variable and we speculate that repetitive boluses would induce marked undulation of blood @entity413 . In terms of glycemic-control strategies, a continuous infusion of @entity701 seems to be preferable.

title: Impact of bolus application of low-dose @entity701 on glycemic control in XXXX @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity326 :: ('MESH:D012772', 'Disease') :: ['septic shock']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrocortisone']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity326 :: (MESH:D012772,Disease) :: ['septic shock']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinicopathological characteristics, treatment protocls and prognostic factors in @entity1 with primary intestinal @entity1892 ( @entity1892 ). METHODS: The clinical data of 54 @entity1 with @entity1892 who were treated in Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences in the period from August 2003 to November 2012 were retrospectively analyzed, and the relevant prognostic factors of @entity1892 were analyzed. RESULTS: Of the 54 @entity1 , there were 43 males and 11 females (male   female ratio was 3.91   1), with a median age of onset of 49 (7-76) years. Most @entity1 (64.8%) were in Lugano stage    -   . Of all the @entity1 , 50 were followed up for a median of 49 (1-118) months. The 1-, 3- and 5-year @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) rates were 82.0%, 69.9% and 60.7%, respectively; the 1-, 3- and 5-year progression-free survival (PFS) rates were 68.0%, 58.0% and 53.4%, respectively. Univariate analysis showed that the factors affecting prognosis of @entity1892 @entity1 included Lugano stage, B symptom, International Prognostic Index (IPI) score, @entity880 dehydrogenase level, @entity6393 level, @entity5 size, and treatment protocols (all P<0.05). The 5-year @entity1349 rate was 67.1% in the @entity1 treated with surgery plus chemoradiotherapy, and 40.0% in those treated with surgery or chemotherapy alone(P<0.05). In the @entity1 treated with chemotherapy combined with rituximab, the 5-year @entity1349 rate was higher than in those treated with chemotherapy alone(71.2% vs 47.6%, P<0.05). Multivariate analysis indicated that @entity5 size (RR=7.686, P=0.022) and @entity880 dehydrogenase level (RR=10.131, P=0.017) were independent prognostic risk factors affecting @entity1349 . CONCLUSIONS: Primary intestinal @entity1892 is a highly heterogeneous @entity5 . Surgery combined with chemoradiotherapy and rituximab may help improve the overall prognosis of @entity1892 @entity1 .

title: [Clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic analysis of primary intestinal XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'malignancy']

entities_list: @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ['DLBCL', 'diffuse large B-cell lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity1892 :: (MESH:D016393,Disease) :: ['diffuse large B-cell lymphoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 screening using cytology is expensive and requires repeat testing with loss to follow-up for triage. Adjunctive testing using two tests in a parallel or sequential combination can improve diagnostic accuracy, decrease costs and minimise referral rates. AIM: To evaluate the performance of visual inspection with @entity1543 (VIA), @entity1082 ) DNA and cervical cytology in sequential and parallel combinations, to determine the optimum screening strategy. METHODS: A total of 548 symptomatic @entity1 presenting to a gynaecology clinic were screened using conventional cytology; HPV testing of self- and physician-collected samples using HC2 assay; and VIA. All @entity1 underwent colposcopy with biopsy from all lesions as the reference standard. Test characteristics were calculated individually, and then applied jointly in parallel and sequential combinations. RESULTS: Biopsy-proven CIN2+ was present in 40 (7.8%) @entity1 . The sensitivity and specificity, respectively, of the various tests were as follows - VIA 82.5, 66.9%, @entity975 (>= ASCUS) 77.5, 86.8%, HPV-Physician (HPV(P)) 90.0, 91.5%, HPV-Self (HPV(S)) 80.0, 88.1%. Among the adjunctive testing scenarios, sequential testing performed better than parallel. VIA followed by HPV test had the highest specificity (90.4%) and diagnostic accuracy (90.5%), comparable to HPV-P followed by @entity975 . CONCLUSIONS: Sequential testing combination of VIA and HPV, followed by colposcopy and directed biopsy for diagnosis, combines economic viability with high scientific fidelity. The high specificity and negative predictive value reduce referral and treatment rates, as well as number of visits required for diagnosis. HPV (P) followed by reflex @entity975 is a suitable option for high resource situations with access to liquid-based cytology.

title: Adjunctive testing for XXXX screening in low resource settings.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cervical cancer']

entities_list: @entity1082 :: ('10566', 'Species') :: ['human papillomavirus (HPV']

entities_list: @entity1543 :: ('MESH:D019342', 'Chemical') :: ['acetic acid']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cervical cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Generalised @entity4 after introducing @entity2690 therapy is an infrequent complication, usually appearing when large doses are used in underweight @entity1 . The pathophysiology is unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two @entity1 from two different hospitals are presented by case histories. A limited literature search was performed. RESULTS: @entity1 1. A 13-year-old @entity1 was admitted with @entity2011 and @entity4683 and a @entity353 of 15 kg over six months. She had @entity4 , @entity2133 skin, weight 31.6 kg (2 kg below 2.5th centile), marked hyperglycaemia (60 mmol/l), and @entity1270 without @entity520 . After one day with @entity2690 infusion she was treated with subcutaneous injections, reaching after a few days a dose of 2 U/kg/day. She gradually developed generalised @entity4 and gained 20 kg over two weeks. From day 8 after admission she was treated with @entity1483 and from day 16 also with ephedrine. S-albumin reached a nadir of 25 g/l. The @entity4 gradually disappeared. The @entity1 was discharged after one month, weighing 42 kg, and with a daily @entity2690 dose of 88 U. @entity1 2. A 14-year-old @entity1 presented with @entity227 over a period of six months. She felt otherwise healthy and had no @entity353 . Bilateral @entity231 and hyperglycaemia (20.7 mmol/l) were detected. There were normal serum electrolytes and no @entity520 . After administration of @entity2690 (increased up to 1.5 U/kg/day) she gradually developed generalised @entity4 , gaining 8.5 kg over nine days. S-albumin fell from 36 g/l to 28 g/l. She was treated with @entity1483 and the @entity4 gradually disappeared in the course of one month. None of the @entity1 had @entity644 , @entity1578 or @entity1368 , but both experienced transient and unexplained @entity925 and @entity158 in the legs. INTERPRETATIONS: One of the cases with newly diagnosed @entity6 and generalised @entity4 presented here, supports suggestions in the literature of an association between marked @entity353 and large @entity2690 doses. However, as shown by the other case presented, this association is not obligate.

title: [Generalized XXXX following @entity2690 treatment of newly diagnosed @entity6 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'Patient', 'girl', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['decreased vision']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['oedema', 'ankle oedema']

entities_list: @entity2133 :: ('MESH:D014987', 'Disease') :: ['dry scaling']

entities_list: @entity4683 :: ('MESH:D059606', 'Disease') :: ['polydipsia']

entities_list: @entity1483 :: ('MESH:D005665', 'Chemical') :: ['furosemide']

entities_list: @entity520 :: ('MESH:D000138', 'Disease') :: ['acidosis']

entities_list: @entity1578 :: ('MESH:D017093', 'Disease') :: ['liver failure']

entities_list: @entity925 :: ('MESH:D063806', 'Disease') :: ['muscle pain']

entities_list: @entity1270 :: ('MESH:D007662', 'Disease') :: ['ketonuria']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['neuralgic pain']

entities_list: @entity1368 :: ('MESH:D006929', 'Disease') :: ['hyperaldosteronism']

answer: @entity4 :: (MESH:D004487,Disease) :: ['edema']


abstract: Normal hypothalamic-pituitary testicular and prostatic functions are essential for maintenance of male fertility, whereby glycoprotein hormones (GPH) as well as @entity3800 are major endocrine and local regulators. We have investigated whether the GPH @entity1 @entity6754 and the free alpha and beta subunits thereof are produced in the target organs themselves and potentially act as auto/paracrine modulators of fertility. Immunofluorometric assays (IFMAs) based on our panel of highly selective monoclonal antibodies, immunohistochemistry (IHC), confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and 1- and 2D gel electrophoreses with subsequent western blotting have been utilized for the detection of @entity3507 , @entity7807 and its metabolite @entity7807 core fragment (cf) in @entity1 testis, prostate and seminal plasma. Both organs synthesize @entity6754 , which are subsequently detectable at high concentrations in seminal plasma of healthy probands (n=17): @entity3507 2630+/-520 ng/mL (mean+/-S.E.M.), @entity7807 2+/-0.28 ng/mL, hCGbetacf and hCG 0.19+/-0.039 ng/mL. These parameters significantly exceed physiological values, e.g. ten thousand-fold in the case of @entity3507 , in serum of young @entity1 (n=20): @entity3507 0.142+/-0.054 ng/mL (mean+/-S.E.M.), @entity7807 0.05 ng/mL and hCG 0.004+/-0.003 ng/mL. Levels of these markers were not correlated with sperm counts. Of all body fluids including those of pregnant @entity1 seminal plasma is the richest physiological source for genuine free i.e. non-dissociated @entity6754 (M(r,app) 23k) which may even appear as di- or tetramers. Its concentration is similar to that observed in maternal serum (weeks 10-12 of gestation) and in extra-embryonic coelomic fluid. In contrast to those fluids where ratios of free subunits to hCG are in the range of 1:100 highly inverse ratios in the range of 10.000:1.000:1 were observed for @entity3507 : @entity7807 :hCG in seminal plasma. @entity3507 is not derived from heterodimeric GPH suggesting hCG-independent functions of @entity6754 in male and female fertility.

title: XXXX @entity6754 in the male reproductive tract.

entities_list: @entity6754 :: ('1081', 'Gene') :: ['hCGalpha and hCGbeta', 'GPHalpha', 'chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)']

entities_list: @entity3800 :: ('MESH:D000728', 'Chemical') :: ['androgens']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although antidepressants are often used for preventing @entity2794 , their effectiveness is uncertain. METHODS: We performed a meta-analysis of English-language, randomized placebo-controlled trials of antidepressants as prophylaxis for @entity2794 . RESULTS: Thirty-eight trials were included. Because some compared more than one drug with placebo, 44 study arms were combined using a random effects model. Twenty-five studies focused on @entity2704 , 12 on @entity2701 , and 1 on both. Nineteen used tricyclic antidepressants, 18 @entity750 antagonists, and 7 selective @entity750 reuptake inhibitors. Patients receiving antidepressants were twice as likely to report @entity10 improvement (rate ratio [RR]: 2.0; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.6 to 2.4). Because 31% (95% CI: 23% to 40%) more treated @entity1 improved than those receiving placebo, clinicians would need to treat 3.2 @entity1 for 1 @entity1 to improve. The average amount of improvement (standardized mean difference) was 0.94 (95% CI: 0.65 to 1.2), an effect considered large. Treated @entity1 also consumed less analgesic medication (standardized mean difference, -0.7; 95% CI: -0.5 to -0.94). There were no differences in outcomes among the three classes of agents studied or by the type of @entity10 ( @entity2704 vs. tension), quality score, length of treatment, or percentage of @entity1 lost to follow-up. Assessment of @entity308 across studies was insufficient to determine if the effects were independent of @entity308 . CONCLUSION: Antidepressants are effective in preventing @entity2794 . Whether this is independent of @entity308 and whether there are differences in efficacy by class of agent needs further study.

title: Treatment of XXXX with antidepressants: a meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity2704 :: ('MESH:D008881', 'Disease') :: ['migraine', 'migraines']

entities_list: @entity2794 :: ('MESH:D020773', 'Disease') :: ['chronic headaches', 'chronic headache']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['serotonin']

entities_list: @entity2701 :: ('MESH:D018781', 'Disease') :: ['tension headaches']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

answer: @entity2794 :: (MESH:D020773,Disease) :: ['chronic headache']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Advances in bag connection technology have reduced the incidence of @entity298 in CAPD @entity1 but there is little information on the effect of the new peritoneal dialysis fluids. METHODS: We studied the incidence of @entity298 for about 3 years in 100 incident @entity1 --50 @entity1 dialysed with @entity880 -buffered solution, pH 5.5 and containing @entity413 degradation products ( @entity3006 ) ( @entity880 group), and 50 @entity1 with pure @entity3157 -buffered solution, pH 7.4 and low @entity3006 ( @entity3157 group). @entity1 in both groups were similar in age, sex, length of time on CAPD, connection technology and handling of dialysis. RESULTS: In the @entity880 group, 74 episodes of @entity298 were recorded compared with 43 in the @entity3157 group, i.e. one episode per 21 @entity1 -months with the @entity880 dialysis fluid and one episode per 36 @entity1 -months with the @entity3157 dialysis fluid (OR 0.58, 95% CI 0.37-0.91, P = 0.017). A total of 3369 exchanges per episode of @entity298 were recorded for @entity3157 compared with 2004 exchanges per episode of @entity298 in the @entity880 group. The majority of organisms isolated in both groups were Gram-positive bacteria, with a predominance of the oropharyngeal and cutaneous endogenous flora. Three episodes of @entity6378 occurred in the @entity880 group and none in the @entity3157 group. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that the pure @entity3157 -buffered peritoneal dialysis fluid appears to reduce the frequency of @entity298 in CAPD @entity1 possibly in relation to greater biocompatibility and maintenance of peritoneal membrane structural integrity. Similar results can probably relate to all low- @entity3006 solutions.

title: Use of pure XXXX -buffered peritoneal dialysis fluid reduces the incidence of @entity298 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['CAPD peritonitis', 'peritonitis']

entities_list: @entity3157 :: ('CHEBI:17544', 'Chemical') :: ['bicarbonate']

entities_list: @entity6378 :: ('MESH:D010532', 'Disease') :: ['fungal peritonitis']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity3157 :: (CHEBI:17544,Chemical) :: ['bicarbonate']


abstract: @entity2548 ( @entity2548 ) are potentially harmful but curable complications of diagnostic and interventional cardiac catheterizations. In this report, we present a case of iatrogenic AVF both from superficial and deep femoral arteries to common femoral vein leading to progressively developing severe @entity712 in a @entity1 who had two normally functioning mechanical valves at mitral and tricuspid positions. A 58-year-old @entity1 who had a history of mitral and tricuspid valve replacement operations was admitted to our clinic with exertional @entity1353 , palpitation, abdominal tenderness, and right-sided inguinal @entity158 . Coronary angiography was performed via right femoral arterial access ten months ago. Doppler ultrasonography and computerized tomography revealed @entity2096 to common femoral vein fistulisation. The @entity1 was operated, and a double connection between the femoral artery and vein was encountered and treated successfully. Soon after the surgical procedure, clinical signs of @entity712 ceased dramatically. The postoperative course was uneventful. Access site complications following interventional procedures represent significant problems. @entity922 in a @entity1 especially with a history of diagnostic or therapeutic cardiovascular intervention may evocate the possibility of peripheral access site AVF formation.

title: Iatrogenic Femoral @entity2548 with Double Connection between Femoral Artery and Vein Leading to High-Output XXXX Years after Mitral and Tricuspid Valve Replacement.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['right-sided heart failure']

entities_list: @entity2096 :: ('MESH:D020428', 'Disease') :: ['right superficial femoral artery']

entities_list: @entity2548 :: ('MESH:D001164', 'Disease') :: ['AVFs', 'Arteriovenous fistulas']

entities_list: @entity922 :: ('MESH:D013568', 'Disease') :: ['Sudden and progressive clinical deterioration']

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['Heart Failure']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The efficacy of short-term antiarrhythmic drugs (AADs) use compared with no-AADs prescription after catheter ablation of @entity955 ( @entity955 ) in preventing @entity943 recurrence is uncertain. METHODS: We searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library through December 2015 to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) which evaluated the efficacy of short-term AADs use compared with no-AADs prescription after @entity955 in preventing @entity943 recurrence. The primary outcome was labeled as early @entity943 recurrence within 3 months after ablation. Secondary outcome was defined as late recurrence after 3 months of ablation. Random-effects model or fixed-effects model was used to estimate relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS: Six RCTs with 2,667 @entity1 were included into this meta-analysis. Compared with no-AADs administration after @entity955 , short-term AADs use was associated with significant reduction of early @entity943 recurrence (RR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.52-0.87; p = 0.003). Trial sequential analysis (TSA) showed that the cumulative Z-curve crossed the trial sequential monitoring boundary for benefit, establishing sufficient and conclusive evidence. However, compared with no-AADs prescription, short-term AADs use after @entity955 didn't significantly reduce the risk of late @entity943 recurrence (RR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.83-1.03; p = 0.15). TSA supported this result; meanwhile the estimated required information size (1,486 @entity1 ) was also met. CONCLUSION: Short-term use of AADs after @entity955 can significantly decrease the risk of early @entity943 recurrence but not lead to corresponding reduction in risk of late @entity943 recurrence.

title: Efficacy of Short-Term Antiarrhythmic Drugs Use after Catheter Ablation of XXXX -A Systematic Review with Meta-Analyses and Trial Sequential Analyses of Randomized Controlled Trials.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['atrial arrhythmia']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['AF ablation', 'atrial fibrillation', 'AF']

answer: @entity955 :: (MESH:D001281,Disease) :: ['Atrial Fibrillation']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Narrow band imaging (NBI) can accurately discriminate @entity3621 but @entity75 ( @entity75 ) are difficult to detect. AIMS: The purpose of this study was to compare white light endoscopy (WLE) and histopathologic findings using the updated Sydney protocol (USP) with NBI and targeted biopsies (TB). METHODS: One hundred nineteen symptomatic @entity1 referred for @entity1729 were included in this prospective open study. All @entity1 were assessed for @entity3621 and @entity75 using WLE and NBI by two endoscopists selected in a random manner. Biopsies were taken according to USP and targeted from any area suspicious for @entity15629 . Imaging and histological findings between protocols were compared. RESULTS: In total 45 @entity1 (38 %) had @entity194 of whom 39 (32.7 %) were detected with WLE-USP and 28 (23.5 %) with @entity2996 (p = 0.03), 25 (21 %) had intestinal metaplasia (IM) of whom 19 (16 %) were detected with WLE-USP and 18 (15.1 %) with @entity2996 (p = 0.7) and 14 (12 %) had @entity1141 of whom 12 (10 %) were detected with WLE-USP and 7 (7 %) with @entity2996 (p = 0.5), and 1 (0.8 %) case of @entity356 only detected with WLE-USP. Accuracies for @entity194 and IM were 93 and 90 % for the WLE-USP and 80 and 82 % for @entity2996 . The @entity2996 detected six cases of @entity194 (13 %), 5 (20 %) of IM, and 2 (14 %) of @entity1141 missed by WLE-USP as agreement was moderate. Accuracies of the NBI patterns for body and antral @entity3621 were 80 and 84 %. CONCLUSIONS: In a non high-risk population @entity2996 has less accuracy in detecting @entity75 compared to WLE-USP. However, it may be used as an important and easy-to-use complementary method which increases overall detectability for gastric @entity75 .

title: Screening for gastric XXXX with narrow band imaging, white light and updated Sydney protocol or both?

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['premalignant lesions', 'PMLs']

entities_list: @entity1729 :: ('MESH:D012141', 'Disease') :: ['upper GI endoscopy']

entities_list: @entity3621 :: ('MESH:D005756', 'Disease') :: ['gastritis']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer']

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['dysplasia']

answer: @entity75 :: (MESH:D001927,Disease) :: ['premalignant lesions']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Assessment of @entity1576 caused by long-term sedation with @entity681 , @entity1363 and @entity1338 . DESIGN: Retrospective assessment using data from a @entity1 data management system. SETTING: University hospital anaesthesiological ICU. @entity1 : Three hundred ninety-five surgical and @entity130 @entity1 with an ICU stay of more than 48 h. INTERVENTION: None. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: Arterial blood partial pressure of @entity544 (PCO2) was evaluated during mechanically assisted spontaneous ventilation (continuous positive airway pressure, synchronised intermittent mandatory ventilation, mandatory minute ventilation, bilevel positive airway pressure). Continuous sedation with @entity681 , @entity1363 or @entity1338 or a combination of those drugs was administered to achieve a Ramsay score between 2 and 4. Spontaneously breathing @entity1 without continuous sedation and @entity1 on controlled mechanical ventilation (and sedation) served as control groups. Mean arterial PCO2 from spontaneously breathing @entity1 without continuous sedation was 39.5 +/- 7.3 torr compared with 42.7 +/- 6.8 torr under @entity681 (median 0.44 microg x kg(-1) x h(-1), 98 % of observations between 0.1 and 2.1 microg x kg(-1) x h(-1)), 41.5 +/- 6.1 torr under @entity681 (median 0.90 microg x kg(-1) x h(-1) (0.1-2.8)) plus @entity1363 (median 45 microg x kg(-1) x h(-1) (7-170)) and 39.8 +/- 5.6 torr under a combination of @entity681 (median 1.15 microg x kg(-1) x h(-1) (0.2-3.6)), @entity1363 (median 45 microg x kg(-1) x h(-1) (11-216)) and @entity1338 (median 1.3 microg x kg(-1) x h(-1) (0.2-2.5)). Mean arterial PCO2 from @entity1 on controlled mechanical ventilation was 39.9 +/- 6.1 torr. CONCLUSION: @entity1 under continuous sedation with @entity681 exhibit a statistically significant rise in arterial PCO2, however this @entity1576 is only slight and has no clinical significance. Mechanically assisted spontaneous ventilation modes can safely be used under continuous sedation with @entity681 , @entity1363 or @entity1338 .

title: @entity1576 under long-term sedation with XXXX , @entity1363 and @entity1338 has no clinical significance.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity681 :: ('MESH:D017409', 'Chemical') :: ['sufentanil']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory depression']

entities_list: @entity544 :: ('MESH:D002245', 'Chemical') :: ['carbon dioxide']

entities_list: @entity1338 :: ('MESH:D003000', 'Chemical') :: ['clonidine']

entities_list: @entity1363 :: ('MESH:D008874', 'Chemical') :: ['midazolam']

answer: @entity681 :: (MESH:D017409,Chemical) :: ['sufentanil']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Brain derived proteins such as 14-3-3, @entity3508 ( @entity3508 ), @entity4483 , tau, phosphorylated tau and Abeta1-42 were found to be altered in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in @entity3605 ( @entity3605 ) @entity1 . The pathogenic mechanisms leading to these abnormalities are not known, but a relation to rapid @entity528 is assumed. No systematic analysis on brain-derived proteins in the CSF and neuropathological lesion profiles has been performed. METHODS: CSF protein levels of brain-derived proteins and the degree of @entity7495 , @entity528 and @entity5219 in various brain areas were analyzed in 57 @entity3605 @entity1 . RESULTS: We observed three different patterns of CSF alteration associated with the degree of cortical and subcortical changes. @entity3508 levels increased with lesion severity of subcortical areas. Tau and 14-3-3 levels increased with minor pathological changes, a negative correlation was observed with severity of @entity75 . Levels of the physiological form of the @entity3669 ( @entity3669 ) and Abeta1-42 levels correlated negatively with cortical pathology, most clearly with temporal and @entity75 . CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that the alteration of levels of brain-derived proteins in the CSF does not only reflect the degree of @entity528 , but it is also modified by the localization on the @entity75 . Brain specific lesion patterns have to be considered when analyzing CSF neuronal proteins.

title: Brain-derived proteins in the CSF: do they correlate with @entity75 in XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['occipital lesions', 'cortical lesions', 'brain pathology']

entities_list: @entity3605 :: ('MESH:D007562', 'Disease') :: ['Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease', 'CJD']

entities_list: @entity7495 :: ('MESH:D017825', 'Disease') :: ['spongiform changes']

entities_list: @entity3508 :: ('2026', 'Gene') :: ['NSE', 'neuron-specific enolase']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['neuronal damage', 'neuronal loss']

answer: @entity3605 :: (MESH:D007562,Disease) :: ['CJD']


abstract: The purpose of this study is to investigate if the presence and distribution of intraluminal air in the appendix contributes to the computed tomography (CT) diagnosis of @entity698 . We identified 100 consecutive @entity1 (57 @entity1 and 43 @entity1 ; mean age, 38) with CT prior to appendectomy for @entity697 over a 5-year period and a control group of 100 consecutive @entity1 (29 @entity1 and 71 @entity1 ; mean age, 39) who underwent CT for acute @entity490 without @entity698 . @entity1 were scanned using multidetector row CT scanners at 1.25 or 5-mm slice thickness, peak tube voltage of 120 kVp, and milliamperse automatically adjusted to attain a noise index of 12. Ninety-two of 100 study @entity1 and 95 of 100 controls received 150 mL intravenous contrast. Two independent readers noted the presence and distribution pattern of intraluminal air in the appendix, appendiceal diameter, wall @entity450 , wall thickening (>3 mm), and wall stratification and presence of any secondary signs of @entity698 including fat stranding and free fluid. Data were compared between groups using Fisher's exact test and Student's t test. Intraluminal air in the appendix was more common in control @entity1 versus @entity1 with @entity698 (66 of 100 versus 27 of 100, p   <   0.001). No significant differences in the patterns of intraluminal air were found between cases and controls. Among @entity698 cases, there was no significant difference in mean appendiceal diameter (12.8 versus 12.0, p   =   0.20) or number of CT signs of @entity698 (1.93 versus 1.86, p   =   0.78) in cases with intraluminal air versus without. No case of @entity698 demonstrated intraluminal air without secondary signs of @entity698 . Although intraluminal air is sometimes assumed to exclude a diagnosis of @entity698 , it is actually a common finding seen in up to 27 % of cases at CT. The pattern of intraluminal air was not helpful in differentiating a normal appendix from @entity698 .

title: The prevalence and patterns of intraluminal air in XXXX at CT.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute appendicitis']

entities_list: @entity698 :: ('MESH:D001064', 'Disease') :: ['appendicitis']

entities_list: @entity450 :: ('MESH:D006940', 'Disease') :: ['hyperemia']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

answer: @entity697 :: (MESH:D000208,Disease) :: ['acute appendicitis']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To study the prevention and treatment of @entity166 offered to healthcare workers (HCWs) in Thailand. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Data were collected by interviewing in 2002. RESULTS: A total 1,218 HCWs in 33 hospitals were interviewed. Nurses and doctors were the majority group, accounting for 31.5% and 30.5% respectively. Pre-employement health screenings were done by physical examination in 56.0% and chest X-ray in 55.7% and immunization against @entity1956 and tubuculosis were offered in 17.7% and 11.4% respectively. Annual physical examination and chest x-ray were done in 66.3% and 76.9%. @entity281 with @entity99 A @entity1956 , @entity378 in HCWs were as high as 16.8%, 4.0% and 2.6% respectively. Only 3.5% to 24.3% of HCWs ever read guidelines on the prevention of @entity281 . Existing laws allowed the implementation of prevention, treatment and compensation in case of occupationally acquired @entity281 in HCWs. CONCLUSION: Prevention of @entity281 in HCWs was implemented far below the ideal level. They should be better protected under existing laws.

title: Prevention and treatment of XXXX in healthcare workers.

entities_list: @entity1956 :: ('MESH:D006509', 'Disease') :: ['hepatitis B']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['Reported infection', 'infection']

entities_list: @entity378 :: ('MESH:D014376', 'Disease') :: ['tuberculosis']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatitis']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['infectious diseases']

answer: @entity166 :: (MESH:D003141,Disease) :: ['infectious diseases']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity1313 are a unique and heterogeneous group of @entity5 with which face a variety of specialties, mostly oncologists, neurologists and neurosurgeons. Due to their specific location all @entity1313 are malignant, regardless of their malignant potential, because any expansion process within the skull, @entity428 and destruction of surrounding structures, which can cause neurological, quantitative disturbances of consciousness or @entity204 . GOAL: The goal of this study was to record neoplastic processes of the central nervous system in @entity1 of Neurology Clinic, Clinical Center of Sarajevo University in the twenty-year period (January 1st 1990-December 31st 2009). The study was partly retrospective and partly prospective determined by three time periods. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We reviewed medical records and documentation of @entity1 treated at Neurology Clinic, which has 102 beds. All @entity1 ' data were collected using a specially designed questionnaire for this study. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The number of secondary @entity5 process for the period 2000-2005 is greater than in the period 1990-1999, while in the period 2000-2009 is increasing (17.2%-30.3%). The male-female ratio is 52:48. During the first two monitoring period there were statistically significantly more @entity1 , and in the last monitoring period there were more @entity1 . The mean @entity1 's age was 60 years. The most common symptom was @entity1269 for all observed periods evaluated with standard diagnostic tests: CT and MRI. CONCLUSION: We can conclude that @entity5 in @entity1 of Neurology Clinic, Clinical Center of Sarajevo University are present in the twenty-year period with total of 1.47%, and showed a decrease of 2.7% (1990-1999) to 0.47% for the period 2006-2009.

title: XXXX in the clinical material of neurology clinic, Clinical Center of University of Sarajevo in the period 1990-2009.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'women', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity428 :: ('MESH:D019586', 'Disease') :: ['increased intracranial pressure']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'CNS neoplasms', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['Brain tumors', 'brain tumors']

entities_list: @entity1269 :: ('MESH:D010291', 'Disease') :: ['hemiparesis']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Neoplasms']


abstract: PURPOSE: The 2010 AHA Guidelines for Post-Cardiac Arrest Care recommend immediate treatment of @entity551 to maintain adequate tissue perfusion with a goal of mean arterial pressure (MAP) of >= 65 mmHg. However, no studies exist examining the relationship between early hemodynamic goals and outcomes in @entity1167 ( @entity1167 ) @entity1 undergoing @entity2332 ( @entity2332 ). In this investigation, we examined the relationship between MAP, vasoactive agents, and survival or neurologic outcomes. METHODS: Consecutive @entity1167 @entity1 treated with algorithmic post-arrest care between 2005 and 2011 were included in this retrospective study. MAP and number of vasoactive agents were analyzed at 1, 6, 12, and 24 h after arrest. Primary outcome was survival at discharge. Data were analyzed using logistic regression analysis and ANOVA. RESULTS: Of 168 @entity1 , 45% (75/168) survived, and 35% (58/168) had cerebral performance category (CPC) scores 1-2. Survivors had higher MAPs at 1 h (96 vs. 84 mmHg, p < 0.0001), 6 h (96 vs. 90 mmHg, p = 0.014), and 24 h (86 vs. 78 mmHg, p = 0.15) than non-survivors. Increased requirement for vasoactive agents was associated with mortality at all time points. Among those requiring vasoactive agents, survivors had higher MAPs than non-survivors at 1 h (97 vs. 82 mmHg, p = <0.0001) and 6 h (94 vs 87 mmHg, p = 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Higher MAPs are associated with better outcomes in @entity1167 @entity1 undergoing @entity2332 . Vasoactive agent requirement is associated with poor outcomes. Further prospective studies with specific MAP goals and hemodynamic optimization algorithms need to be performed.

title: Higher mean arterial pressure with or without vasoactive agents is associated with increased survival and better neurological outcomes in comatose survivors of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

entities_list: @entity2332 :: ('MESH:D007035', 'Disease') :: ['TH', 'therapeutic hypothermia']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['PCAS', 'post-cardiac arrest syndrome']

answer: @entity1167 :: (MESH:D006323,Disease) :: ['cardiac arrest']


abstract: @entity880 bacteria are known to exert various physiologic functions in @entity1 . In the current study, we investigated the effects of Soypro, a new soymilk fermented with @entity880 bacteria, like @entity41337 , @entity41338 , and @entity1336 , isolated from Kimchi, on adipocyte differentiation in preadipocyte 3T3-L1 cell lines and @entity1017 or the plasma lipid profile in @entity35 . Adipocyte 3T3-L1 cells treated with Soypro (10 microg/ml) significantly reduced the contents of cellular @entity412 and inhibited cell differentiation by Oil red O staining. Treatment with Soypro (10 microg/ml) for an additional two days in adipocytes inhibited the expression of @entity16596 , transcription factors of adipocyte differentiation. Based on these in vitro studies, we examined the anti- @entity28 effect of Soypro in @entity35 for six weeks. Soypro had no significant effect on high-fat diet-induced @entity1053 , or feed gain ratio. However, the administration of Soypro significantly reduced the concentration of the plasma low density lipoprotein @entity165 . Changes in the plasma levels of total @entity165 and @entity413 were inclined to decrease in Soypro administrated groups compared with saline treated group. @entity412 and high density lipoprotein @entity165 values in Soypro fed groups were similar compared to those of saline fed groups. Although further research is needed, these findings suggest that Soypro decreased the levels of low density lipoprotein @entity165 in high-fat diet-induced @entity28 and might partially inhibit the adipocyte differentiation through the suppression of a transcription factors @entity16596 .

title: Lipid profile lowering effect of Soypro fermented with @entity880 bacteria isolated from Kimchi in high-fat diet-induced @entity28 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity41337 :: ('136609', 'Species') :: ['Leuconostoc kimchii']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague-Dawley rats', 'rats']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity16596 :: ('24252(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma2 and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein-alpha']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['weight gain']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['Triglyceride', 'triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactic acid', 'Lactic acid']

entities_list: @entity1053 :: ('MESH:D001835', 'Disease') :: ['increases in body weight, food intake']

entities_list: @entity1336 :: ('1590', 'Species') :: ['Lactobacillus plantarum']

entities_list: @entity41338 :: ('33964', 'Species') :: ['Leuconostoc citreum']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: No salvage treatment strategy has been established for relapsed or refractory @entity149 ( @entity149 ). We compared treatment outcomes of @entity1 who underwent salvage chemotherapy with or without autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). We retrospectively analyzed @entity149 @entity1 who were histologically diagnosed with diffuse large @entity1892 . All @entity1 relapsed after high-dose @entity1499 ( @entity1500 )-based chemotherapy, or were refractory to high-dose @entity1500 . @entity1 were treated with salvage chemotherapy, such as ICE/D ( @entity1260 , @entity3003 , @entity2879 , and @entity619 ) or high-dose @entity1500 . High-dose chemotherapy containing thiotepa and @entity1863 followed by ASCT was performed if @entity1 were eligible for ASCT after salvage treatment. Forty-five @entity1 (35 relapsed and 10 refractory) received ICE/D or high-dose @entity1500 . Despite the important difference that ICE/D was used predominantly for early relapsed or refractory @entity1 , the two salvage treatments produced similar overall response rates [84.4  % (38/45) for ICE/D and 81.3  % (13/16) for high-dose @entity1500 re-treatment]. Eighteen @entity1 underwent ASCT, whereas 27 @entity1 received salvage chemotherapy alone. The median progression-free survival of @entity1 who underwent ASCT (19.5  months) was significantly better than that of @entity1 who did not receive ASCT (6.7  months, P  =  0.023). Multivariate analysis showed that refractoriness to initial treatment and no ASCT were significantly associated with poor survival outcome. Our study suggested that the combination of @entity1260 , @entity3003 , @entity2879 , and @entity619 may represent a feasible salvage treatment option for relapsed or refractory @entity149 , and that high-dose chemotherapy containing thiotepa and @entity1863 followed by ASCT may be effective for @entity1 with a favorable @entity137 profile.

title: Treatment outcome of relapsed/refractory primary XXXX diffuse large @entity1892 : a single-center experience of autologous stem cell transplantation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['carboplatin']

entities_list: @entity1863 :: ('MESH:D002066', 'Chemical') :: ['busulfan']

entities_list: @entity149 :: ('MESH:D002493', 'Disease') :: ['PCNSL', 'primary central nervous system lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity2879 :: ('MESH:D005047', 'Chemical') :: ['etoposide']

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['dexamethasone']

entities_list: @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ['B-cell lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity1260 :: ('MESH:D007069', 'Chemical') :: ['ifosfamide']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

answer: @entity149 :: (MESH:D002493,Disease) :: ['central nervous system']


abstract: Cryopreservation is a common procedure widely used in biological and clinical sciences. Similar protocols are also applied in preserving @entity5 stem cells, a field with high promises and challenges. Specific cell surface membrane proteins are considered to be biomarkers of @entity5 stem cells and they may play a critical role in differentiating stem cells from non stem cells. We have looked at the possible effect of long-term cryopreservation on the molecular integrity of breast MCF7 and lung, A549 and @entity1 , @entity5 stem cells and to assess if these cells are more sensitive to long-term storage process. We analyzed the expression of @entity11707 and @entity3053 as two potent biomarkers of @entity2 stem cells and @entity5960 and ALDH that are used as biomarkers of a wide range of @entity5 stem cells. We also selected three genes essential for the normal functioning of the cells, @entity1639 , @entity2355 , and HLA. Our results indicate a pattern of down-regulation in the expression of the genes following freezing, in particular among cell surface marker proteins. Global gene expression of the post-thaw @entity0 stem cells also reveals a significant down-regulation in freeze-thaw cells independent from each other. Analyzing the canonical pathways between two populations reveals a significant alteration in the gene expression of the pathways involved in cell cycle, mitosis, and @entity1129 mutated pathways. Overall, our results indicate that current protocols for long-term storage of lung and @entity0 stem cells may substantially influence the activity and function of genes.

title: Molecular integrity and global gene expression of XXXX stem cells under long-term storage and recovery.

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast and lung cancer', 'breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity1129 :: ('MESH:D001260', 'Disease') :: ['ataxia telangiectasia']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast and lung cancer']


abstract: A 73-year-old @entity1 with normal cardiac function underwent an elective total knee arthroplasty. After skin closure, @entity1343 225 mg was injected into the knee and 25 mg was injected subcutaneously. The @entity1 recovered from general anesthesia 5 min after the surgery. Thirty five min after surgery, while in general radiology department her carotid arterial pulses were not palpable. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) was initiated with intravenous (i.v.) administration of @entity1425 1 mg. Circulation was rapidly restored. Coronary angiography demonstrated no coronary stenosis; however, left ventriculography demonstrated @entity661 . The @entity1 regained consciousness, but @entity3126 and @entity177 became worse. On postoperative day 2, continuous hemodialysis was instituted. Weaning from ventilatory support was completed on postoperative day 3; hemodialysis was stopped on day 14; and the @entity1 left the intensive care unit on day 15. We believe @entity1167 may have been precipitated by local anesthetic systemic @entity137 (LAST), and administration of i. v. @entity1425 1 mg may have resulted in @entity3126 . @entity1 should be carefully observed following local anesthetic with attention given to the side-effects of i. v. @entity1425 .

title: [A Case of @entity1167 following Intra-articular Administration of XXXX during Total Knee Arthroplasty].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3126 :: ('MESH:D011654', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary edema']

entities_list: @entity1425 :: ('MESH:D004837', 'Chemical') :: ['adrenaline']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity1343 :: ('MESH:C476513', 'Chemical') :: ['levobupivacaine']

entities_list: @entity661 :: ('MESH:D054549', 'Disease') :: ['takotsubo cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrest']

answer: @entity1343 :: (MESH:C476513,Chemical) :: ['Levobupivacaine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The paracrine action of non-cardiac progenitor cells is robust, but not well understood. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have been shown to enhance @entity460 ( @entity9495 ) cycling in myocytes. Therefore, we hypothesized that MSCs can suppress cardiac alternans, an important @entity943 substrate, by paracrine action on @entity9495 cycling. METHODS AND RESULTS: @entity1 cardiac myocyte monolayers derived from iPS cells (hCM) were cultured without or with @entity1 MSCs (hMSC) directly or plated on a transwell insert. @entity9495 transient alternans ( @entity9495 ALT) and @entity9495 transient duration (CaD) were measured from hCM monolayers following application of 200 M @entity5568 . @entity9495 ALT in hCM was significantly decreased when cultured with hMSCs directly (97%, p<0.0001) and when cultured with hMSC in the transwell insert (80%, p<0.0001). When hCM with hMSCs were pretreated with @entity10412 or eNOS inhibitors, @entity9495 ALT was larger than baseline by 20% (p<0.0001) and 36% (p<0.0001), respectively. In contrast, @entity9495 ALT was reduced by 89% compared to baseline (p<0.0001) when hCM monolayers without hMSCs were pretreated with 20 M @entity12558 . In all experiments, changes in @entity9495 ALT were mirrored by changes in CaD. Finally, real time quantitative PCR revealed no significant differences in mRNA expression of @entity23963 , SERCA2a, and phospholamban between hCM cultured with or without hMSCs. CONCLUSION: @entity9495 ALT is suppressed by hMSCs in a paracrine fashion due to activation of a @entity10412 -mediated @entity8342 -redox pathway. These findings demonstrate, for the first time, how stem cell therapy might be antiarrhythmic by suppressing cardiac alternans through paracrine action on @entity9495 cycling.

title: Mesenchymal stem cells suppress cardiac alternans by activation of @entity10412 mediated XXXX -redox pathway.

entities_list: @entity8342 :: ('CHEBI:35801', 'Chemical') :: ['nitroso']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmia']

answer: @entity8342 :: (CHEBI:35801,Chemical) :: ['nitroso']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Health-related quality of life is a very important issue in @entity1 with @entity454 and their family. Moreover, this can be a lifelong problem. In this study, we performed a cross-sectional investigation of the health-related quality of life in Korean @entity1 , undergoing renal replacement therapies, such as dialysis and renal transplantation. FINDINGS: We validated the Korean version of the PedsQL 3.0 End-Stage @entity8 Module by comparing with the PedsQL 4.0 Generic Core Scales. A total of 92 pediatric @entity1 with @entity454 , aged 2-18   year old, were enrolled in four teaching hospitals in Korea. The module was acceptable for both parent proxy-report and @entity1 self-report. The response rate was acceptable, since no reminders were delivered. A large proportion of the responders answered > 90% of the items, which suggests a good face validity. The PedsQL 4.0 Generic Core Scales and the PedsQL 3.0 End-Stage @entity8 Module showed minimal missing values in the current study, which supported feasibility. The validation analyses revealed acceptable floor and ceiling effects and an acceptable construct validity. CONCLUSIONS: The PedsQL 3.0 End-stage @entity8 Module may be useful as an @entity454 -specific instrument in the evaluation of the health-related quality of life in Korean @entity1 ; however, a larger, longitudinal prospective study is needed.

title: Validity and reliability of the Korean version of the pediatric quality of life XXXX module.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'child']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['Renal Disease']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage renal disease']

answer: @entity454 :: (MESH:D007676,Disease) :: ['ESRD']


abstract: @entity2869 is a common disorder of the sacrococcygeal region and several surgical treatments have been described. However, rates of recurrences and complications vary, so there is no consensus on one specific approach. In this prospective study from 1 August 2000 to 1 August 2003, 60 @entity1 with @entity2869 were treated by our new surgical technique. All @entity1 were operated on by the first author or under his supervision. A vertical elliptical excision was made, and the defect repaired by a fasciocutaneous rotation flap based on the inferior pedicle under general anaesthesia. All @entity1 were discharged from hospital on the first postoperative day. By the 12th day, the wound had healed completely. There were no recurrences during one years' follow-up. @entity282 was negligible and the scar was cosmetically acceptable. The inferiorly-based rotation flap is an ideal technique for treatment of @entity2869 , has low recurrence rates, @entity282 , and few complications. Stay in hospital was short and @entity1 returned to their regular activities in a short time.

title: Surgical treatment of XXXX with a fasciocutaneous rotation flap based on an inferior pedicle.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2869 :: ('MESH:D010864', 'Disease') :: ['pilonidal sinus, cures the disease', 'pilonidal sinus', 'Pilonidal sinus']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['little postoperative pain', 'Postoperative pain']

answer: @entity2869 :: (MESH:D010864,Disease) :: ['pilonidal sinus']


abstract: PURPOSE: The Voice Handicap Index (VHI) is widely used and accepted into adult clinical practice. The present study was initiated to adapt the VHI to the pediatric population and to validate it in the form of a parental proxy. METHODS: The initial modification of the adult VHI involved changing the language of the statements to reflect a parent's responses about their @entity1 and eliminating questions that would not relate to @entity1 . It was administered in conjunction with 10 open-ended questions regarding the impact of the @entity1 's voice quality on overall communication, development, education, social and family life. The pVHI was then modified in content and language, and the final 23-item parental proxy product was used for the validation process. The modified pVHI was administered to two groups of @entity1 following IRB approval from Cincinnati @entity1 's Hospital Medical Center. RESULTS: Normative data was obtained from 45 parents of healthy @entity1 . The group consisted of 21 males, age ranges 3-12 years old. The mean scores of the total pVHI and its subscales are: functional (F) 1.47, physical (P) 0.20, emotional (E) 0.18 and total (T) 1.84. The test group consisted of 33 guardians of @entity1 presenting for a voice evaluation pre- or post-laryngotracheal reconstruction. This group differed greatly from the control group on each subscale and total score. The mean scores of the airway group were as follows: F 13.94, P 15.48, E 12.15 and T 41.58. Test-retest reliability of the total pVHI score was measured using Pearson's correlation coefficient. The scores were 0.95, 0.77, 0.79 and 0.82, respectively. A correlation matrix for pVHI subscore and total score showed significance, with results similar to those reported for the original adult VHI. CONCLUSIONS: The aim of the present study was to modify the VHI to serve a similar role in the evaluation of the effects of @entity7364 on the pediatric population. The statistical results reveal a high correlation between the VHI and the pVHI. The pVHI provides a high internal consistency and test-retest reliability. This tool will be utilized to follow a @entity1 's development following surgical, medical and behavioral interventions.

title: Pediatric Voice Handicap Index (pVHI): a new tool for evaluating XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'Children', 'child']

entities_list: @entity7364 :: ('MESH:D055154', 'Disease') :: ['dysphonia']

answer: @entity7364 :: (MESH:D055154,Disease) :: ['pediatric dysphonia']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of @entity148 and @entity158 on success of shockwave lithotripsy (SWL) for treatment of proximal ureteral and renal pelvic stones smaller than 15  mm. One hundred thirty-two @entity1 with proximal ureteral or renal pelvic stones <15  mm who were treated by a SWL and forty controls were enrolled in the study. State-trait @entity148 inventory (STAI) was used to assess @entity148 of the controls and @entity1 (before every SWL session). @entity158 of the @entity1 were measured by a visual analog scale (VAS) at three times (T) of the sessions (T11 at 11 kV, T15 at 15 kV and T end of treatment). The mean STAI scores of the @entity1 at the first SWL session and controls were 40.61      8.71 and 36.11      8.18, respectively (p  <  0.05). There was statistically positive moderate relationship between STAI and VAS scores at the first SWL session. The mean size of stone in @entity1 and @entity1 were 11.16      2.88 and 11.00      3.41, respectively (p  =  0.88). In the first session, the mean STAI and VAS scores of the @entity1 were significantly lower than the @entity1 . The stone-free rate (SFR) of SWL was 72.7  % in this study. The SFR of SWL in the @entity1 and @entity1 were 78 and 64  %, respectively (p  <  0.05). Our data showed that the severity of @entity148 and @entity158 in the @entity1 were higher than the @entity1 . SFR of SWL in the @entity1 was higher than the @entity1 . The severity of @entity148 and @entity158 in the @entity1 may affect SFR of SWL.

title: Effect of @entity148 and XXXX on success of shockwave lithotripsy (SWL) for treatment of proximal ureteral and renal pelvic stones.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: BACKGROUND:     During face-to-face questioning, typically developing @entity1 and adults use gaze aversion (GA), away from their questioner, when thinking. GA increases with question difficulty and improves the accuracy of responses. This is the first study to investigate whether individuals with @entity72 ( @entity72 ; associated with reduced sociability and atypical face gaze) and @entity3297 ( @entity3297 ; associated with hypersociability and atypical face gaze) use GA to manage cognitive load during face-to-face interactions. METHODS:     Two studies were conducted exploring the typicality of GA during face-to-face questioning in (a) @entity72 and (b) @entity3297 . RESULTS:     In Study 1, @entity1 with @entity72 increased their GA as question difficulty increased. In addition, they used most GA when thinking about their responses to questions, mirroring evidence from typically developing @entity1 . An important atypicality for @entity1 with @entity72 was a significantly higher level of GA when listening to interlocutors. In Study 2, @entity1 with @entity3297 showed typical patterns of GA in relation to question difficulty and across different points of the interaction. CONCLUSIONS:     Two different @entity245 , both characterized by significant problems with executive control of attention and atypicalities of social interactions, exhibited generally typical patterns of GA. All groups used most GA while thinking about questions, and increased their GA as questions got harder. In addition, @entity1 with @entity72 showed elevated levels of GA while listening to questions, but not while thinking about or making their responses, suggesting that they sometimes fail to see the relevance of attending to visual cues rather than actively avoiding them. Results have important implications for how professionals interpret GA in these populations and for social skills training.

title: Gaze aversion as a cognitive load management strategy in XXXX and @entity3297 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'children']

entities_list: @entity3297 :: ('MESH:D018980', 'Disease') :: ['Williams syndrome', 'WS']

entities_list: @entity72 :: ('MESH:D002659', 'Disease') :: ['ASD', 'autism spectrum disorder']

entities_list: @entity245 :: ('MESH:D002658', 'Disease') :: ['neuro-developmental disorders']

answer: @entity72 :: (MESH:D002659,Disease) :: ['autism spectrum disorder']


abstract: @entity26251 (syn. Erwinia chrysanthemi) is a plant pathogenic bacteria that harbours a cluster of four horizontally-transferred, insect-specific toxin genes. It was recently shown to be capable of causing an @entity697 in the @entity6294 @entity6294 (Insecta: Hemiptera). The @entity281 route of the pathogen, and the role and in vivo expression pattern of these toxins, remain unknown. Using bacterial numeration and immunolocalization, we investigated the kinetics and the pattern of @entity281 of this phytopathogenic bacterium within its insect host. We compared @entity281 by the wild-type strain and by the Cyt toxin-deficient mutant. @entity26251 was found to form dense clusters in many luminal parts of the aphid intestinal tract, including the stomach, from which it invaded internal tissues as early as day 1 post- @entity281 . @entity295 occurred soon after, with the fat body being the main infected tissue, together with numerous early infections of the embryonic chains showing embryonic gut and fat body as the target organs. Generalized @entity295 led to insect death when the bacterial load reached about 10(8) cfu. Some individual aphids regularly escaped @entity281 , indicating an effective partial immune response to this bacteria. Cyt-defective mutants killed insects more slowly but were capable of localisation in any type of tissue. Cyt toxin expression appeared to be restricted to the digestive tract where it probably assisted in crossing over the first cell barrier and, thus, accelerating bacterial diffusion into the aphid haemocel. Finally, the presence of bacteria on the surface of leaves hosting infected aphids indicated that the insects could be vectors of the bacteria.

title: XXXX , a plant pathogenic bacterium producing Cyt-like entomotoxins, causes @entity295 in the @entity6294 @entity6294 .

entities_list: @entity6294 :: ('7029', 'Species') :: ['Acyrthosiphon pisum', 'pea aphid']

entities_list: @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['Septicemia', 'septicemia']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute infection']

entities_list: @entity26251 :: ('204038', 'Species') :: ['D. dadantii', 'Dickeya dadantii']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

answer: @entity26251 :: (204038,Species) :: ['Dickeya dadantii']


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: Radiographic analysis with @entity1635 @entity1 . OBJECTIVES: To analyze correlations between sagittal spinal alignment and coronal scoliotic curvature. SUMMARYOF BACKGROUND DATA: Sagittal spinal alignment and @entity1635 may have a significant relationship, and schematic analysis is needed. METHODS: The study group was comprised of 163 @entity1 with @entity1615 . Subjects underwent antero-posterior and lateral radiographs of the whole spine including hip joints. The radiographic parameters used were magnitude, location and direction of curve, @entity1513 , @entity23057 , @entity1515 , sagittal balance, @entity10145 , and pelvic angle. Subjects were classified into four groups according to the severity of coronal curvature: Cobb angle  <=20  , Cobb angle 21-40  , Cobb angle 41-60   and Cobb angle>60  . In addition, subjects were divided into four subgroups according to Roussouly's classification (Types 1-4) of sagittal spinal shape. Schematic analysis was performed to determine the relationship between coronal and sagittal parameters. RESULTS: Analysis of parameters with severity of coronal curvature, @entity1513 , and @entity10145 were significantly higher in high grade @entity1635 (P<0.05). However, the pelvic angle was higher in low grade @entity1635 , and sagittal balance showed a significantly higher positive value in low grade @entity1635 (P<0.05). In the analysis of sagittal spinal shapes, Roussouly groups 3 and 4 showed more severe @entity1635 with @entity1515 and @entity1513 (P<0.05). In addition, Roussouly group 1 demonstrated a significantly higher incidence of low grade @entity1635 , whereas, groups 3 and 4 had a higher incidence of high degree @entity1635 by cross-relation analysis (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: A significant relationship exists between sagittal spinal shape and coronal curvature in @entity1635 . Understanding the biplanar shapes of @entity1635 may be helpful to surgeons.

title: Effect of Coronal Scoliotic Curvature on Sagittal Spinal shape - Analysis of Parameters in Mature @entity1615 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1615 :: ('OMIM:181800', 'Disease') :: ['adolescent idiopathic scoliosis']

entities_list: @entity23057 :: ('MESH:C566002', 'Disease') :: ['thoraco-lumbar kyphosis']

entities_list: @entity1513 :: ('MESH:D007738', 'Disease') :: ['thoracic kyphosis']

entities_list: @entity1635 :: ('MESH:D012600', 'Disease') :: ['scoliosis']

entities_list: @entity1515 :: ('MESH:D008141', 'Disease') :: ['higher lumbar lordosis', 'lumbar lordosis']

entities_list: @entity10145 :: ('MESH:C537221', 'Disease') :: ['sacral slope']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: One hundred twenty-nine @entity1 with far advanced or recurrent @entity356 underwent computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen. There were three histologic types: differentiated (n = 41), undifferentiated (n = 68), and unclassified (n = 20). Eighteen @entity1 who had developed @entity3883 were retrospectively studied to elucidate the nature of obstruction with histologic correlation. In differentiated @entity5 tended to grow in an expansive fashion. A fairly large, well-defined lymph adenopathy was observed on CT. The extrahepatic bile duct surrounded by lymph nodes appeared as "doughnut sign" in six of eight @entity1 . Undifferentiated @entity356 had tendency to extend infiltratively. @entity1448 was only a part of diffuse spreading. In spite of the presence of @entity3883 , no discrete mass was demonstrated around the extrahepatic bile duct on CT. In none of nine @entity1 was present "doughnut sign". The significance of lymph node dissection along the extrahepatic bile duct in @entity1 with differentiated @entity356 was emphasized. The region of hepatoduodenal and pancreatico-duodenal lymph nodes should be carefully evaluated in interpretation of abdominal CT.

title: [ XXXX and advanced @entity356 --correlation with its histopathology].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3883 :: ('MESH:D041781', 'Disease') :: ['obstructive jaundice']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomas tumor']

entities_list: @entity1448 :: ('MESH:D002779', 'Disease') :: ['Bile duct obstruction']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric carcinoma']

answer: @entity3883 :: (MESH:D041781,Disease) :: ['Obstructive jaundice']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical results of arthroscopy-assisted open reduction and internal fixation for the treatment of acute Lauge-Hansen stage IV @entity1171 . METHODS: A prospective cohort of study was done in 42 @entity1 of @entity1171 treated with arthroscopy-assisted open reduction and internal fixation from January 2008 to December 2009. According to Lauge-Hansen classification, there were 26 supination-eversion stage IV @entity174 , including 11 females and 15 males; with an average age of (36.8 +/- 11.7) years; and there were 16 pronation-eversion stage IV @entity174 , including 6 females and 10 males, with an average age of (37.6 +/- 11.2) years. All the @entity1 were treated with arthroscopy-assisted open reduction and internal fixation,and @entity7334 were observed. Syndesmotic @entity6877 was treated with three-cortices syndesmotic screw, and @entity130 were disposed by Cheng-Ferkel staging system. The clinical effects were evaluated according to AOFAS scores. RESULTS: All the @entity1 were followed up for 1 year. At the final review,the mean AOFAS score was (92.00 +/- 9.32). Twenty-eight @entity1 got an excellent result, 11 good, 3 fair. Lesions of the cartilage were found in 31 cases. The AOFAS scores of @entity1 with @entity75 were higher than those of @entity1 without @entity75 . The AOFAS scores of @entity1 with @entity75 below C grade were higher than those of @entity1 with @entity75 above C grade. The AOFAS scores of @entity1 with @entity75 were higher than those of @entity1 with @entity75 above C grade. The AOFAS scores of @entity1 with syndesmosis fixation were lower than those of @entity1 without syndesmosis fixation. CONCLUSION: @entity7334 are common in Lauge-Hansen stage IV @entity1171 , and @entity75 and sydesmosis @entity6877 are the most important prognostic factor that leads to unsatisfactory ankle functions. Arthroscopy-assisted open reduction and internal fixation for the treatment of @entity1171 is not only helpful to anatomical reduction of the articular surface, but also can improve the clinical results with effective diagnosis and treatment of combined @entity7334 .

title: [Treatment of XXXX with arthroscopy-assisted open reduction and internal fixation].

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['osteochondral lesion', 'osteochondral lesions']

entities_list: @entity1171 :: ('MESH:D064386', 'Disease') :: ['ankle fractures', 'acute ankle fractures']

entities_list: @entity6877 :: ('MESH:D046548', 'Disease') :: ['diastasis']

entities_list: @entity7334 :: ('MESH:D057072', 'Disease') :: ['Intra-articular disorders', 'intra-articular disorders']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['osteochondral injuries']

answer: @entity1171 :: (MESH:D064386,Disease) :: ['acute ankle fractures']


abstract: AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Type 1 and type 2 @entity6 are characterised by a beta cell deficit. Islet @entity1373 has been described in @entity1 with @entity8579 secondary to @entity8243 -producing @entity5 ( @entity7581 ), and @entity8243 therapy has increased beta cell mass in rodents and @entity1 islets in vitro. In the present studies we addressed the following questions: (1) In pancreas specimens from @entity7581 cases, is the fractional beta cell area increased? (2) If so, is this restricted to @entity5 -adjacent islets or also present in @entity5 -distant islets? (3) Is new beta cell formation (beta cell replication and islet neogenesis) increased and beta cell apoptosis decreased in pancreas specimens from @entity7581 cases? METHODS: Pancreas was obtained at surgery from four @entity1 with @entity8579 caused by @entity788 and 15 control subjects at autopsy. RESULTS: Islet fractional beta cell area (p<0.001), islet size (p<0.001) and beta cell replication (Ki67 staining) (p<0.05) were increased in islets adjacent to the @entity5 , but not in @entity5 -distant pancreas, compared with control subjects. We did not observe any differences in beta cell apoptosis or in the number of insulin-positive cells in ducts either adjacent to or distant from the @entity5 . CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: One or more factors released by @entity1 @entity7581 increase beta cell replication in islets immediately adjacent to the @entity5 , but not in @entity5 -distant islets. While these findings demonstrate that adult @entity1 beta cells can be driven into the cell cycle, they caution against the therapeutic usefulness of @entity8243 , since islets located >1 cm away from the @entity7581 did not exhibit changes in beta cell turnover, despite markedly elevated systemic @entity8243 levels sufficient to cause severe @entity344 .

title: Increased islet beta cell replication adjacent to intrapancreatic @entity7581 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic gastrinomas']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity1373 :: ('MESH:D006965', 'Disease') :: ['hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal symptoms']

entities_list: @entity8579 :: ('MESH:D015043', 'Disease') :: ['Zollinger-Ellison syndrome']

entities_list: @entity7581 :: ('MESH:D015408', 'Disease') :: ['gastrinoma', 'gastrinomas']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['humans']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the reliability of the physician-assisted International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF). @entity1 AND METHODS: 374 @entity1 who applied to our clinic with @entity323 problems were asked to complete the IIEF questionnaire; 225 @entity1 who visited the clinic again within 1-3 days completed the IIEF questionnaire again. All questions were answered by the @entity1 themselves. At both visits, necessary explanations were provided by the physician to @entity1 who requested assistance. Data obtained from the first and second questionnaires were compared. RESULTS: There was a significant difference between the first and second questionnaires with respect to certain questions. Nevertheless, no significant difference was found between the IIEF.1 and IIEF.2 scores (p > 0.20) for the group overall or for any subgroups. The test-retest correlation coefficients for all @entity1 were highly significant (r = 0.909, p < 0.01). A high degree of internal consistency was observed for each of the first and second physician-assisted IIEF questionnaires (Cronbach's a 0.926 and 0.908, respectively, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Physician assistance increased the comprehensibility of the IIEF in elderly @entity1 and in @entity1 with low education levels. Despite some comprehension problems in these @entity1 groups the physician-assisted IIEF questionnaire was found to be consistent and reliable in all @entity1 groups.

title: Despite some comprehension problems the International Index of Erectile Function is a reliable questionnaire in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PATIENTS', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity323 :: ('MESH:D007172', 'Disease') :: ['erectile dysfunction']

answer: @entity323 :: (MESH:D007172,Disease) :: ['erectile dysfunction']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of the association between @entity2473 and @entity1652 ( @entity1652 ) at our center. DESIGN: An institutional review board-approved retrospective study of clinical, serological, and radiographic characteristics of @entity1 with @entity1652 . SETTING: @entity15 center. @entity1 : @entity1 with @entity1652 treated at our center between 1990 and 2008. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Records were examined for documentation of @entity2473 . RESULTS: Of 110 @entity1 with International Classification of Diseases code 341, 57 @entity1 met diagnostic criteria for @entity1652 . Of these, 8 @entity1 (14%) had documented typical @entity2473 (median age at onset, 39.5 years; range, 13.8-54.2 years). Of those @entity1 , 4 were African American, 3 were Hispanic, and 1 was white. Only 1 was male. The @entity1652 -IgG antibody was found in 1 of 6 @entity1 tested. Tonic @entity2473 appeared after a mean of 24.6 months (range, 0-91 months). In 2 of 57 @entity1 meeting @entity1652 criteria, @entity2473 accompanied their initial episodes. Seven of 8 @entity1 who had @entity2473 responded to treatment with @entity2049 within 1 week. CONCLUSION: Tonic @entity2473 are associated with @entity1652 more commonly than with @entity15 and may be a presenting sign in both diseases.

title: Association between paroxysmal XXXX and @entity1652 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1652 :: ('MESH:D009471', 'Disease') :: ['NMO', 'neuromyelitis optica']

entities_list: @entity2473 :: ('MESH:D013035', 'Disease') :: ['tonic spasms', 'spasms']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['multiple sclerosis', 'Multiple sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity2049 :: ('MESH:D002220', 'Chemical') :: ['carbamazepine']

answer: @entity2473 :: (MESH:D013035,Disease) :: ['tonic spasms']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We identified several problems associated with percutaneous lumbar disc decompression (PLDD) based on a study of @entity1 who required salvage operations for complications after undergoing PLDD at an outside institution. BACKGROUND DATA: PLDD has been performed as a new treatment for @entity890 in recent years, and its safety and effectiveness are in the process of being established. Because the procedure is simple to perform under local anesthesia, inappropriate irradiation and application to @entity1 for whom it is not indicated have sometimes resulted in a poor outcome and serious complications. METHODS: The @entity1 comprised 10 with @entity890 and three with lumbar spondylolisthesis. We analyzed the magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and operative findings as well as the pathological features of surgically obtained disc specimens and studied their relationships with the clinical outcomes of the operations. RESULTS: Initial examination of all @entity1 at our hospital showed that PLDD had no effect on @entity1643 or @entity13549 . In @entity1 who showed MR signal changes in the end-plate, the pathological examination revealed extensive @entity39 of cartilage and bone. During salvage operations, severe adhesion of herniated masses to nerve roots was often observed, with carbonized disc tissue surrounding the nerve roots and might have their nerve root injured thermally. CONCLUSION: PLDD is associated with significant risk of disc, end-plate, and nerve root injuries, contrary to the general belief that the procedure is minimally invasive. Our findings highlight the need for careful diagnosis and sufficient technical skill when selecting PLDD as a treatment option.

title: Salvage operation for persistent XXXX and @entity13549 induced by percutaneous laser disc decompression performed at outside institution: correlation of magnetic resonance imaging and intraoperative and pathological findings.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1643 :: ('MESH:D017116', 'Disease') :: ['low back pain']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity890 :: ('MESH:D007405', 'Disease') :: ['intervertebral disc herniation', 'lumbar disc herniation']

answer: @entity1643 :: (MESH:D017116,Disease) :: ['low back pain']


abstract: TLC scanning technique was found to have good specificity for studying the absorption and distribution of @entity15280 in @entity35 . Plasma or tissue homogenates 0.2-1.0 ml were placed in glass extraction tubes and water was added to make 1.0 ml. Each sample was extracted 3 times with 4 ml mixed organic solvent ( @entity28579 : @entity1044 = 1:1, vol:vol). The organic layers of 3 extractions were combined and evaporated. The residue was dissolved in 100-300 microliters of @entity1046 and spotted on TLC plates. The chromatogram was developed in solvent system consisting of @entity8144 : @entity3636 : @entity1046 (4:2:1). The color developing agent was 0.25 g @entity38945 dissolved in a mixture of 2.25 ml 85% @entity8718 , 47.6 ml of @entity1543 and 20 ml of water. @entity15280 fat emulsion was given intravenously at the dosage of 80 mg/kg. Groups of 5 @entity35 were killed at 15, 30, 60 and 120 min after iv. The results showed that the peak tissue levels were obtained within 15 min, the drug disappeared from the blood very rapidly, and only 0.34 microgram/ml was found in the plasma after 120 min. The highest level was found in brain which attained about 13.9 micrograms/g wet tissue 15 min after iv injection, moderate in heart, lung and skeletal muscle, whereas the levels in liver and kidney were low. At 15, 30 and 60 min, the plasma drug concentrations were 18.5, 6.9 and 2.3 micrograms/ml, and the brain drug concentrations were 14.0, 8.8 and 3.4 micrograms/g wet tissue, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Assessment of absorption and distribution of XXXX in @entity35 using a thin layer chromatography scanning technique].

entities_list: @entity8718 :: ('MESH:C030242', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphoric acid']

entities_list: @entity1046 :: ('MESH:C007650', 'Chemical') :: ['ethylacetate']

entities_list: @entity1044 :: ('MESH:D008752', 'Chemical') :: ['dichloromethane']

entities_list: @entity38945 :: ('MESH:C510241', 'Chemical') :: ['p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde']

entities_list: @entity3636 :: ('MESH:D002725', 'Chemical') :: ['chloroform']

entities_list: @entity8144 :: ('MESH:C004544', 'Chemical') :: ['petroleum ether']

entities_list: @entity15280 :: ('MESH:C032942', 'Chemical') :: ['Artemether', 'artemether']

entities_list: @entity1543 :: ('MESH:D019342', 'Chemical') :: ['acetic acid']

answer: @entity15280 :: (MESH:C032942,Chemical) :: ['artemether']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Relapsing @entity149 carries a poor prognosis when treated with conventional chemotherapy with a one-year overall survival of 25-40%. Encouraging results have been shown with intensive chemotherapy followed by autologous hematopoietic stem cell rescue. We report the results of a large multicenter retrospective analysis of intensive chemotherapy followed by hematopoietic stem cell rescue in immunocompetent adult @entity1 with @entity149 or @entity6537 after the failure of high-dose @entity1499 -based treatment. DESIGN AND METHODS: @entity1 were included if they received intensive chemotherapy with a combination of thiotepa, @entity1863 and @entity786 . Seventy-nine @entity1 (median age 52.4 years, range 23-67 years) were identified. All of the @entity1 except 5 received a salvage treatment after the failure of high-dose @entity1499 . After salvage treatment and just before intensive chemotherapy followed by hematopoietic stem cell rescue, 32 @entity1 were in complete response, 26 @entity1 were in partial response, 2 @entity1 had stable disease and 19 @entity1 had progressive disease. RESULTS: With a median follow up of 56 months, the 5-year overall survival probability was 51% in the whole population and 62% among @entity1 who were chemosensitive to the salvage treatment. The 5-year event-free survival probability was 37.8% in the whole population and 43.7% in the chemosensitive subpopulation. Neurocognitive assessments in a subset of @entity1 suggest no evidence of intensive chemotherapy-induced @entity149 . CONCLUSIONS: Thiotepa, @entity1863 and @entity786 -based intensive chemotherapy is an effective treatment for refractory and recurrent @entity149 in chemosensitive @entity1 up to 65 years of age. The role of intensive chemotherapy followed by hematopoietic stem cell rescue in chemorefractory @entity1 needs to be more accurately defined.

title: Intensive chemotherapy with thiotepa, @entity1863 and @entity786 and hematopoietic stem cell rescue in relapsed or refractory @entity149 and XXXX : a retrospective study of 79 cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity149 :: ('MESH:D002493', 'Disease') :: ['neurocognitive decline', 'primary central nervous system lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity6537 :: ('MESH:D064090', 'Disease') :: ['intraocular lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity1863 :: ('MESH:D002066', 'Chemical') :: ['busulfan']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

answer: @entity6537 :: (MESH:D064090,Disease) :: ['intraocular lymphoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine which of the three motor functions (bulbar, upper extremities, lower extremities) was normally preserved at the time that @entity1576 occurred in @entity746 ( @entity746 ). BACKGROUND: @entity1576 is the major cause of death in @entity746 . The course of the disease progression to the onset of subjective respiratory symptom can vary from @entity1 to @entity1 and the diversity of this progression in @entity746 @entity1 is not well understood. @entity1 /METHODS: The subjects were 120 Japanese @entity1 with @entity4572 who were followed-up at our hospital or for whom precise information was available regarding death or the time that the @entity1 required tracheotomy or ventilation assistance. Symptoms started: in the upper limbs in 47 @entity1 ; in the lower limbs in 44 @entity1 ; in the bulbar region in 22 @entity1 ; as the combined type (two regions involved simultaneously on initial presentation) in 6 @entity1 ; and with @entity1576 in 1 @entity1 . RESULTS: At the time of the appearance of @entity1576 , 43 @entity1 (35.8%) had some normally preserved motor function. Significantly fewer @entity1 with @entity10296 maintained one or more normal motor functions (14%) compared to @entity1 whose disease started in the extremities (43%). @entity1 were divided into two groups depending on whether they had significant bulbar involvement at the time of the appearance of @entity1576 : 88 @entity1 had significant bulbar involvement (B type), and 32 @entity1 did not (R type). Based on the Kaplan-Meier survival curves, no significant difference in the median survival time was noted between the two groups (R type, 29.4 months vs. B type, 32.5 months; p = 0.06). We could not find any difference about clinical characteristics such as gender, onset age, initial site between R and B group. The motor functions that were preserved at the time of respiratory symptom onset included: bulbar function in 32 @entity1 (26.7%); lower extremity function in 12 @entity1 (10%); and @entity2045 function in only 3 @entity1 (2.5%). The use of mechanical ventilation in @entity746 @entity1 with one or more preserved motor functions was significantly higher than in those without any normally preserved motor function (p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: From a low rate of @entity2045 motor function preservation, respiratory function deterioration appears to be related to @entity3140 , likely due to a possible link to diaphragmatic function. Advanced directives should carefully address the use of mechanical ventilation in @entity1 without bulbar symptoms.

title: [A study of bulbar, @entity2045 , and lower extremity motor function preservation at the time that @entity1576 appear in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity4572 :: ('MESH:C566291', 'Disease') :: ['sporadic ALS']

entities_list: @entity10296 :: ('MESH:D010244', 'Disease') :: ['progressive bulbar palsy']

entities_list: @entity2045 :: ('MESH:D009207', 'Disease') :: ['upper extremity']

entities_list: @entity3140 :: ('MESH:D038062', 'Disease') :: ['upper-limb involvement']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory symptoms', 'Respiratory failure']

entities_list: @entity746 :: ('MESH:D000690', 'Disease') :: ['ALS', 'amyotrophic lateral sclerosis']

answer: @entity746 :: (MESH:D000690,Disease) :: ['ALS']