abstract: This study aims to evaluate the feasibility, @entity137 and efficacy of concurrent chemotherapy with @entity902 compounds and brachytherapy, for locally advanced @entity189 (Stages IIA/B, IIIA). The hypothesis was that synchronous chemo-brachytherapy may be sufficient to cause @entity5 , to render it operable, and hopefully improve the prognosis. 36 @entity1 with locally advanced cervical @entity5 were treated with concomitant brachytherapy and chemotherapy before surgery and/or definitive external radiotherapy. All @entity1 received two caesium-137 Selectron MDR applications, 1 week apart. The dose calculated to point A for each implant was 20-25 Gy. Chemotherapy consisting of continuous @entity900 infusion (50 mg m2) and of @entity3003 (300 mg m-2) was given simultaneously with intracavitary irradiation during the first and second application, respectively. The combined therapy was followed when feasible by radical hysterectomy, pelvic lymphadenectomy and pelvic radiotherapy. @entity1 deemed ineligible for surgery because of poor response were given full dose external radiotherapy. 31/36 @entity1 were treated by Wertheim hysterectomy of whom 10 had negative lymph nodes and resection margins. Definitive external radiotherapy was given in the remaining five @entity1 . Overall, 83% were disease free at 2.8 years mean follow-up. The most frequent acute side-effects of chemobrachytherapy were @entity390 and @entity391 . No @entity8 was observed. @entity882 was seen in five @entity1 and was responsible for delayed surgery in four @entity1 . Concerning late effects, two @entity1 developed grade 2 intestinal sequelae, two mild frequency and two vaginal @entity850 . One rectovaginal and one @entity789 developed in two @entity1 ; and a third @entity1 had a @entity292 associated with @entity5 recurrence. Concurrent brachytherapy and chemotherapy with @entity902 compounds is well tolerated and effective in reducing @entity5 bulk before definitive local treatment (surgery or external radiotherapy), in @entity1 with locally advanced @entity2622 .

title: A pilot study on concurrent XXXX chemotherapy and intracavitary brachytherapy for locally advanced @entity5 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal toxicity']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['Thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['down-staging of the tumour', 'cancer', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['carboplatin']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma of the cervix']

entities_list: @entity2622 :: ('MESH:D002583', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma of the uterine cervix']

entities_list: @entity789 :: ('MESH:D014719', 'Disease') :: ['vesicovaginal fistula']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['platinum']

answer: @entity902 :: (MESH:D010984,Chemical) :: ['platinum']


abstract: @entity1582 is a disease process characterized by the pathologic deposition of monoclonal light chains in tissue. To date, only limited information has been obtained on the molecular features that render such light chains amyloidogenic. Although protein products of the major @entity1 V kappa and V lambda gene families have been identified in @entity1582 , one particular subgroup--lambda 6--has been found to be preferentially associated with this disease. Notably, the variable region of lambda 6 proteins (V lambda 6) has distinctive primary structural features including the presence in the third framework region (FR3) of two additional @entity535 residues that distinguish members of this subgroup from other types of light chains. However, the structural consequences of these alterations have not been elucidated. To determine if lambda 6 proteins possess unique tertiary structural features, as compared to light chains of other V lambda subgroups, we have obtained x-ray diffraction data on crystals prepared from two recombinant V lambda 6 molecules. These components, isolated from a bacterial expression system, were generated from lambda 6-related cDNAs cloned from bone marrow-derived plasma cells from a @entity1 (Wil) who had documented @entity1582 and another (Jto) with @entity1582 and tubular cast @entity8 , but no evident fibrillar deposits. The x-ray crystallographic analyses revealed that the two-residue insertion located between positions 68 and 69 (not between 66 and 67 as previously surmised) extended an existing loop region that effectively increased the surface area adjacent to the first complementarity determining region ( @entity7958 ). Further, an unusual interaction between the @entity534 25 and @entity815 2 residues commonly found in lambda 6 molecules was noted. However, the structures of V lambda 6 Wil and Jto also differed from each other, as evidenced by the presence in the latter of certain ionic and hydrophobic interactions that we posit increased protein stability and thus prevented @entity10543 formation.

title: Tertiary structure of XXXX lambda 6 light chains.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['nephropathy']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity1582 :: ('MESH:D009101', 'Disease') :: ['AL amyloidosis', 'multiple myeloma', 'AL deposits']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: Two-hundred and sixty @entity1 with T2-T3a, @entity3121 , M0 (TNM classification) @entity0 underwent clinical and instrumental follow-up (mean 122 months) including periodic bone scintigraphy. A total of 1971 scintigraphic examinations were performed (range 3 to 15 scintigraphies/ @entity1 , mean 8). The results of scintigraphy were compared to standard radiographs and to the clinical history of the @entity1 . Bone metastases occurred in 71% of 122 @entity1 who suffered from @entity5 recurrence during the study. @entity79 (alone or associated with other @entity5 ) represented the most common site (42%) of first @entity5 relapse and occurred as first site of distant metastases in 11% of 29 @entity1 with locoregional relapse. Bone metastases were symptomatic in 41% of cases. The sensitivity and specificity of bone scintigraphy were 98% and 95%, respectively; the positive and negative predictive values were 73% and 100%; the accuracy was 96%. Scintigraphic false positive results occurred particularly in the skull and in the ribs and generally when the examination detected less than three focal abnormalities. This study demonstrates that the number of positive scintigraphies during follow-up increases over the years, reaching a plateau only at approximately 8-10 years. It is therefore not advisable to stop performing bone scintigraphies after the first years of follow-up as this may lead to the loss of important information.

title: Bone scintigraphy in XXXX : a ten-year follow-up study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumor lesions']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['Bone lesions']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to establish the feasibility, safety, and diagnostic accuracy of the @entity4341 echocardiography test in @entity1 with severe @entity472 for noninvasive detection of coexisting @entity453 . METHODS: The high-dose @entity4341 echocardiography test was performed in 52 @entity1 with severe @entity472 ; all @entity1 also underwent coronary angiography, independent of test results, before cardiac operation. RESULTS: The @entity4341 echocardiography test was completed without major complications. One @entity1 had transient @entity955 that was reversed by @entity3416 . Thirty-one @entity1 (60%) had a negative test result; all had normal coronary arteries. Ten of the 21 @entity1 (48%) with a positive test result had coexisting @entity453 . The positive predictive value of the @entity4341 echocardiography test for detection of @entity301 in @entity1 with severe @entity472 was 48%. The negative predictive value was 100%. The sensitivity was 100% and the specificity was 74%. CONCLUSIONS: @entity4341 echocardiography is a safe and feasible tool in @entity1 with severe @entity472 eligible for a cardiac operation. A negative test result reliably rules out a significant stenosis, whereas a positive one is much less accurate in predicting @entity453 .

title: Preoperative assessment of @entity453 in XXXX : a @entity4341 echocardiographic study.

entities_list: @entity3416 :: ('MESH:D000628', 'Chemical') :: ['aminophylline']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary disease']

entities_list: @entity4341 :: ('MESH:D004176', 'Chemical') :: ['dipyridamole', 'Dipyridamole']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity472 :: ('MESH:D001024', 'Disease') :: ['aortic stenosis', 'aortic valve stenosis']

answer: @entity472 :: (MESH:D001024,Disease) :: ['aortic stenosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the safety and efficacy of antithrombotic therapy (ATT) for secondary @entity64 prevention of childhood @entity4008 . STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective study of cases of @entity64 associated with @entity4008 in 2 pediatric hospitals during a period of 15  years. @entity1 were included in the study if they were between 28  days and 18  years of age and had at least 2 serial neuroimaging studies during the acute phase of their illness. The safety of ATT was assessed by the presence or absence of @entity932 . Efficacy was assessed by the failure in preventing @entity64 recurrence. Neurologic outcome was determined by the last documented Pediatric Stroke Outcome Measure score. RESULTS: Twenty-two cases of childhood @entity4008 complicated by @entity64 were identified. Six cases were treated with heparin after either initial or recurrent @entity1188 . None of the cases receiving heparin had further recurrence. @entity117 ( @entity117 [ @entity1281 ]) was started after the initial or after recurrent @entity1188 in 10 cases. Four (40%) had @entity1188 on @entity1281 ; 3 of these @entity1 subsequently received heparin. In the 14 cases in which no ATT was begun, 8 (57%) had further recurrence of @entity1188 . None of the @entity1 , whether receiving heparin or @entity1281 , had @entity932 . CONCLUSION: In this small sample, heparin and @entity1281 appeared to be safe in childhood @entity4008 complicated by @entity64 and may be effective in improving outcome. Heparin may be more effective than @entity117 in preventing recurrent @entity1188 .

title: Antithrombotic therapy for secondary @entity64 prevention in @entity4008 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity932 :: ('MESH:D020300', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity4008 :: ('MESH:D016920', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial meningitis']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['Aspirin', 'acetylsalicylic acid', 'aspirin']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarctions', 'infarction']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: Numerous data from @entity1 and animal studies suggest that hippocampal plasticity might be a key element in @entity308 . However, the connection remains loose at best and further data are needed. @entity1 studies are of necessity limited, but animal models can help providing further insight. Unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS) is a commonly used model because it mimics @entity308 -like phenotypes satisfactorily. Its rationale is based on the underlying stress-induced difficulties found in many @entity308 @entity1 . We therefore studied learning and hippocampal neurogenesis in @entity19 from three different inbred strains subjected to UCMS. Learning was assessed in different hippocampus-dependent and independent tasks. The rate of survival of newly generated brain cells was determined in behaviorally-naive animals. Results demonstrated a dramatic reduction of surviving new brain cells in both the hippocampus and the subventricular zone of UCMS-treated animals. This reduction was observed both for neurons and for other cells of the hippocampus. Behavioral data demonstrated an impairment of hippocampus-dependent learning, whereas hippocampus-independent learning was spared. However, the specific results were strongly dependent on strain and sex so that there does not appear to be a direct causative relationship between the deficits in neurogenesis and behavior.

title: Functional implications of decreases in neurogenesis following chronic mild stress in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'Human']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressed', 'depression']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The @entity8649 and @entity221 ( @entity826 ) is characterized by recurrent episodes of @entity221 and @entity32 . As part of the @entity12308 kinase deficiency spectrum, it is caused by @entity17764 mutations, resulting in decreased @entity12308 kinase activity in the isoprenoid pathway. Although @entity1356 is considered a major cytokine in its pathogenesis, IL-1 blockade is not successful in a proportion of @entity1 . We aimed to further characterize the pro-inflammatory cytokine profile of @entity826 . METHODS: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from @entity826 @entity1 and healthy donors were incubated with several stimuli. Cytokine concentrations were detected by ELISA. To analyse mRNA and protein expression, we performed quantitative RT-PCR and western blot, respectively. RESULTS: We observed significant differences in cytokine production when cells were incubated with ligands for @entity2938 ( @entity2938 ), @entity2939 and @entity377 -binding oligomerization domain-containing 2 ( @entity6820 ). The increased ratio between active and inactive @entity9302 protein in @entity826 @entity1 could explain why these cells are more easily triggered to secrete @entity1356 . This is apparently not regulated at the transcriptional level, since expression levels of @entity9302 and @entity1356 mRNA were similar in @entity1 and controls. Both anakinra and tocilizumab treatment resulted in @entity32 , both ex vivo as well as in vivo. CONCLUSION: The increased cytokine secretion in @entity826 is specific for @entity2938 , @entity2939 and @entity6820 ligation. Although @entity1356 is important in the @entity826 pathology, our data suggest it is a multicytokine disease. A more rigorous clinical trial is required to determine whether IL-6 receptor blockade may be considered in @entity1 not responding to anakinra treatment.

title: @entity2938 / XXXX -dependent exaggerated cytokine production in hyperimmunoglobulinaemia D and @entity221 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation', 'decreased inflammation']

entities_list: @entity12308 :: ('MESH:D008798', 'Chemical') :: ['mevalonate']

entities_list: @entity377 :: ('CHEBI:36976', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotide']

entities_list: @entity8649 :: ('MESH:D056660', 'Disease') :: ['autoinflammatory hyperimmunoglobulinaemia D']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['periodic fever syndrome', 'fever']

answer: @entity2939 :: (7099,Gene) :: ['TLR4']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the rate of presumed @entity3225 ( @entity3225 ) after intravitreal anti- @entity7 (anti- @entity7 ) injections in three European hospitals performed in an operation room (OR) under sterile conditions. METHODS: A retrospective multicenter study between 2003 and 2016 at three European sites, City Hospital Triemli Zurich, Switzerland (CHT), Zealand University Hospital Roskilde, Denmark (ZUH) and University Clinic Bern, Switzerland (UCB). Intravitreal injection (IVI) database of each department was reviewed. All anti- @entity7 injections were performed using a standardized sterile technique in an operation room. Injection protocols were similar between the three sites. No preinjection antibiotics were given. Postoperative antibiotics varied among sites. RESULTS: A total of 134,701 intravitreal injections were performed at the 3 sites between 2003 and 2016. Ten cases of presumed @entity3225 were documented: 4 in 50,721 at CHT (95% CI: 0.0071-0.0087%), 2 in 44,666 at ZUH (95% CI: 0.0039-0.0051%), and 4 in 39,314 at UCB (95% CI: 0.0092-0.011%). This results in one case in 13,470 intravitreal injections and a combined incidence of 0.0074% per injection (95% CI: 0.0070-0.0078%). Positive cultures were found in 4 out of 10 presumed @entity3225 cases. CONCLUSION: The standardized sterile technique in an operation room with laminar airflow showed very low rates of @entity3225 at three European sites.

title: LOW ENDOPHTHALMITIS RATES AFTER INTRAVITREAL ANTI- XXXX INJECTIONS IN AN OPERATION ROOM: A Retrospective Multicenter Study.

entities_list: @entity3225 :: ('MESH:D009877', 'Disease') :: ['EO', 'endophthalmitis']

entities_list: @entity7 :: ('7422', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor', 'VEGF']

answer: @entity7 :: (7422,Gene) :: ['VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The prevalence of use of many psychoactive substances has changed considerably in recent years. While genetic factors impact on overall risk for substance use, we know little about whether the etiological importance of these factors differs across birth cohorts. One theory, which postulates that heritability of deviant traits increases in permissive environments, predicts a positive relationship across cohorts between prevalence and heritability of substance use. METHOD: The lifetime history of use of @entity286 , @entity835 , @entity2072 , sedatives and stimulants were assessed in 4826 twins from male-male and female-female pairs born in Virginia from 1934 to 1974. Using empirical methods based on prevalence by birth year, these twins were divided into three cohorts for each substance (e.g. for @entity835 1934-1953, 1954-1968 and 1969-1974). Structural equation modeling was performed using the Mx software package. RESULTS: Prevalence rates for psychoactive substance use differed substantially across cohorts, most markedly for @entity2072 , sedatives and stimulants, which were highest in the 1958-1963 cohort. However, for all substances, the best-fit model constrained estimates of the etiological role of genetic and environmental risk factors to be equal across both sex and cohort. CONCLUSIONS: We found no evidence in this sample for any systematic relationship between heritability and prevalence of psychoactive substance use--which should be a rough index of drug availability and/or acceptability. This sample had reasonable power to detect large changes in heritability across cohorts and at least moderate power to detect relatively small changes.

title: Genetic and environmental influences on illicit drug use and XXXX use across birth cohorts.

entities_list: @entity835 :: ('MESH:D002189', 'Disease') :: ['cannabis']

answer: @entity286 :: (4097,Species) :: ['tobacco']


abstract: The objective of this study was to assess the association between changes in joint space width (JSW, i.e., structure) or Western Ontario and McMaster Universities (WOMAC) score (i.e., symptoms) over 3 years in @entity1 with @entity626 and the occurrence of knee replacement over 8 years. We followed 133 subjects with primary @entity626 prospectively for a mean of 8 years. JSW (standard radiography) and symptoms (total WOMAC score) were assessed every year for 3 years. The rate of knee replacement was recorded for the following 5 years. Logistic regressions were performed according to the intention-to-treat principle. After 8 years' follow-up, ten @entity1 (7.5 %) had undergone a knee replacement. The changes in JSW or WOMAC score over 3 years were significantly associated with the occurrence of knee replacement during the following 5 years (p = 0.02 and p = 0.03, respectively). Each 0.1-mm narrowing of JSW over 3 years was associated with a 14 % (95 % CI 3-25 %) increased risk for knee replacement. For every 10 % increase in WOMAC score, the risk for joint replacement was increased by 16 % (95 % CI 1-33 %). When JSW and WOMAC score were included in the same statistical model, they were still significantly associated with risk for knee replacement (p = 0.02 and p = 0.03, respectively), but JSW change was the only variable that remained significant after adjusting for all potential confounders. Our results suggest that changes in symptoms and, more particularly, in structure over 3 years in @entity1 with @entity571 reflect a clinically relevant progression of the disease.

title: Changes in structure and symptoms in XXXX and prediction of future knee replacement over 8 years.

entities_list: @entity626 :: ('MESH:D020370', 'Disease') :: ['knee osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['osteoarthritis']

answer: @entity626 :: (MESH:D020370,Disease) :: ['knee osteoarthritis']


abstract: In order to re-assess the present role of electroencephalography in the investigation of @entity385 , we prospectively studied 50 adults with recent supratentorial @entity385 over a ten-month period. All 50 @entity1 had EEG's and CT scans within the first two weeks of the apoplectic event. The time span between the two procedures was one week or less in all @entity1 . We monitored the following EEG parameters: characteristics of alpha rhythm ( @entity308 , unchanged, or enhanced); prevalence, type, rhythmicity, and topography of focal slowing; and presence or absence of FIRDA. We grouped the @entity1 on the basis of CT findings as follows: depth of the @entity1188 ( @entity62 , or lacunar); size of the @entity1188 (large, medium, or small); and presence or absence of mass effect. Statistical analysis revealed no differences with regard to the EEG parameters between the groups. However, when @entity1 were categorized according to topography of the @entity1188 , the group with parietal @entity1188 showed a significantly higher incidence of @entity308 alpha rhythm compared with the groups with frontal or occipital @entity1188 . Of the 50 @entity1 , four @entity1 whose history and clinical presentation suggested @entity1188 had normal CT scans despite the presence of EEG abnormality. On the contrary, in two @entity1 , the EEG was normal, whereas the CT confirmed the @entity1188 . Our data suggested that physiological factors may play a major role in the pathogenesis of EEG abnormalities in @entity385 , thus accounting for the discrepancies between the EEG parameters and CT findings observed in our population. It was also suggested that EEG's be included routinely in the investigation of @entity385 .

title: A comparative study of electroencephalography and computed axial tomography in recent XXXX .

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressed']

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['cortical-subcortical, deep white matter']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral infarct', 'cerebral infarction']

answer: @entity385 :: (MESH:D002544,Disease) :: ['cerebral infarction']


abstract: Unconjugated monoclonal antibodies (mAb) kill @entity5 cells in vivo by activating immune functions. One of these is ADCC (antibody-dependent cellular @entity137 ). The efficacy of mAbs might be augmented if the cytotoxic capacity of the effector cells could be increased. In this study the augmenting effect of @entity1261 ( @entity1261 ), granulocyte/macrophage(GM)-CSF and macrophage(M)-CSF was analyzed. Effector cells [peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) or granulocytes] were activated for 4-6 h by the respective CSF and assayed in an 18-h Cr51-release assay. @entity1 colorectal, @entity706 , @entity11 and @entity320 cell lines were target cells. @entity19 mAbs of different isotypes, as well as chimeric and humanized mAbs, were used. mAbs having the @entity1 Fc part of the IgG molecule were the most effective. The killing capacity of PBMC as well as of granulocytes was statistically significantly enhanced when mAbs were added. @entity6824 and @entity2841 were the best CSF for augmenting the lytic capacity of PBMC in ADCC. @entity1261 had no significant effect on PBMC. Spontaneous cytolysis of PBMC was significantly augmented only by @entity6824 . Granulocytes were, in general, significantly less effective than PBMC but may be equally effective killer cells together with @entity19 or @entity1 mAbs of the IgG1 isotype, particularly against @entity320 cells. Granulocytes may also be significantly stimulated to increased lytic capacity when activated with @entity1261 or @entity2841 . On the basis of the present evaluation, clinical trials in @entity5 @entity1 are warranted, combining mAbs with @entity2841 or @entity6824 . Preference might be given to @entity2841 as this cytokine activates both PBMC and granulocytes.

title: XXXX of white blood cells activated by @entity1261 , granulocyte/macrophage-colony-stimulating factor and macrophage-colony-stimulating factor against @entity5 cells in the presence of various monoclonal antibodies.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity1261 :: ('1440', 'Gene') :: ['granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor', 'G-CSF']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma']

answer: @entity137 :: (MESH:D064420,Disease) :: ['Cytotoxicity']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The relevance of heat preconditioning resides in its ability to protect cells from different kinds of injury by induction of @entity1457 proteins, a process in which the intensity of @entity8291 (HS) and duration of subsequent recovery are vital. This study evaluates the effects of moderate HS (45   min/43  C) and the time-dependent changes during recovery period of @entity2285 , @entity588 and @entity876 gene and protein expression in HepG2 cells. We also evaluated the effects of 0.4   mM @entity117 ( @entity7943 ) as a potential pharmacological co-inducer of @entity1879 , both alone and in a combination with HS ( @entity7943   +   HS). HS alone and @entity7943   +   HS caused a major up-regulation of @entity2285 mRNA in the first 2   h, while @entity2285 protein increased gradually and was especially abundant from 2   h to 24   h. Regarding @entity588 , all treatments rendered similar results: gene expression was down-regulated in the first 2   h, after which there was protein elevation (12-48   h after HS). mRNA expression of @entity876 in HS- and ( @entity7943   +   HS)-cells was down-regulated in the first 12   h. The immediate decrease of @entity876 protein after HS was followed by a biphasic increase. In conclusion, 0.4   mM @entity7943   +   HS does not act as a co-inducer of @entity2285 in HepG2 cells, but promotes @entity588 protein expression during prolonged treatment. Our suggestion is that hepatic cells are most vulnerable in the first 2-6   h, but may have a high capacity for combating stress 12-24   h after HS. Finally, short-term exposure HS might be a "physiological conditioner" for liver cells to accumulate @entity1879 and @entity588 proteins and thus obtain cytoprotection against an additional stress. J. Cell. Biochem. 116: 2365-2374, 2015.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Heat Stress Induces Extended Plateau of XXXX Accumulation - A Possible Cytoprotection Mechanism in Hepatic Cells.

entities_list: @entity1457 :: ('MESH:D012769', 'Disease') :: ['heat shock']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity8291 :: ('MESH:D018882', 'Disease') :: ['heat stress']

answer: @entity2285 :: (3308,Gene) :: ['Hsp70']


abstract: Thirty-five @entity1 (33 males, median age 58) with stage T alpha (21 @entity1 ) or T1, grade 1 (17 @entity1 ) or grade 2 superficial @entity150 , were treated with transurethral resection (TUR) followed by intravesical prophylactic therapy with 10 mg @entity2664 administered weekly for 6 weeks and then monthly for 10 months. Twenty-five @entity1 were newly diagnosed and 10 had relapsed after previous therapy. Diagnosis was confirmed with cytology and biopsy. The aim of the study was to evaluate the prophylactic effect (relapse rate, disease free interval) and @entity137 of intravesical @entity2664 in superficial @entity150 . Relapses were established with biopsy. After a mean period of 12 months follow-up (median 8.3 months), 63% of @entity1 in the whole group, 72% in the newly diagnosed group and 40% in the group of previously relapsed @entity1 remained relapse free. These rates compare very favorably with the most effective prophylactic agents available. At the end of the follow-up period the median disease-free survival for the whole group was not reached. Therapy was well tolerated with no systemic @entity137 and 14 @entity1 reporting grade 1-2 local @entity137 . In no @entity1 was treatment discontinued due to @entity137 . @entity2664 is an effective and safe agent for the post-TUR adjuvant intravesical therapy.

title: Intravesical XXXX for superficial @entity150 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2664 :: ('MESH:D008942', 'Chemical') :: ['mitoxantrone', 'Mitoxantrone']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

answer: @entity2664 :: (MESH:D008942,Chemical) :: ['mitoxantrone']


abstract: A @entity1 in her late 40s presented with excessive per @entity8376 and uterine fibroid. She reported excessive @entity548 after starting Esmya; she was brought in by ambulance to the emergency department with profuse @entity548 . Abnormal uterine @entity548 (AUB) developed after selective @entity1420 receptor modulator (SPRM) administration in this symptomatic @entity1 with uterine fibroid. The drug was withheld and surgical treatment considered. Progressive @entity548 after receiving SPRM led to an urgent laparoscopic total hysterectomy, which had to be postponed due to severe @entity417 . Surgery took place regardless because the excessive @entity548 continued. Histology revealed a 6   cm submucosal uterine fibroid (SMUF) and @entity1870 . Physicians prescribing SPRMs to stop @entity548 should be aware of potential AUB, which could lead to urgent hysterectomy. The mechanism of action of SPRMs is not clearly understood. Awareness of the side effects of Esmya, such as AUB, must be kept in mind when administering SPRMs.

title: Abnormal excessive per XXXX on Esmya-selective @entity1420 receptor modulator (SPRM) in a symptomatic @entity1 with uterine fibroid.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['PV bleeding', 'deterioration of PV bleeding', 'bleeding']

entities_list: @entity1870 :: ('MESH:D062788', 'Disease') :: ['adenomyosis']

entities_list: @entity8376 :: ('MESH:D014625', 'Disease') :: ['vagina (PV) bleeding']

answer: @entity8376 :: (MESH:D014625,Disease) :: ['vagina (PV) bleeding']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the pharmacokinetics of @entity2176 in three @entity1 with @entity810 related to @entity881 during continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration (CVVHD). DESIGN: Prospective exploratory, open-labelled study. SETTING: Critical Care Unit in a University Medical Centre. @entity1 : 3 @entity1 exhibiting @entity1344 and oligo-anuric @entity810 requiring extra-renal epuration were included in this study. INTERVENTION: Every @entity1 received 7.5 mg/kg IV @entity2176 over 1 h for a documented or suspected @entity580 . Serum and dialysate outlets samples were collected before infusion and 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, 24 after the end of infusion. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: Mean age was 58.7 years (range 41-79) and mean SAPS 15.7 (9-23). The mean peak concentrations were 27.3 mg/l (range 15.6-45.6) one hour after the end of infusion. The average remaining @entity2176 concentration 24 h after the onset of infusion was 3.6 mg/l (range 2.6-4.5). The mean terminal disposition rate constant and elimination half-life were 0.05 h-1 and 13.9 h respectively. Mean total body clearance was 38.9 +/- 4.3 ml/min and dialysate outlet (DO) clearance 4.2 +/- 1.3 ml/min. The mean volume of distribution was 47.4 +/- 6.4 l. CONCLUSION: CVVHD is effective for @entity2176 elimination. In these @entity1 , the elimination half-life is almost constant, involving a following injection of @entity2176 12 h later to achieve effective concentrations.

title: Pharmacokinetics of XXXX during continuous hemodiafiltration.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity2176 :: ('MESH:D014640', 'Chemical') :: ['vancomycin']

entities_list: @entity881 :: ('MESH:D009102', 'Disease') :: ['multi-organ failure']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['acute renal failure']

entities_list: @entity1344 :: ('MESH:D043171', 'Disease') :: ['hemodynamic instability']

entities_list: @entity580 :: ('MESH:D003428', 'Disease') :: ['nosocomial staphylococcal infection']

answer: @entity2176 :: (MESH:D014640,Chemical) :: ['vancomycin']


abstract: A 16-year-old young male experienced persistent @entity10 , and brain computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging showed an abnormal mass with @entity730 in the right temporal lobe of the cerebrum. The @entity5 was located in the leptomeninges and cerebral cortex. In the leptomeninges, multiple calcified-fibrous nodules were noted. In this area spindle-shaped cells were arranged in a fascicular or storiform pattern. A few @entity1653 -like nodules were also present. With continuity of this @entity75 , a diffuse infiltrative lesion composed of proliferating perivascular cells and hyalinized small vessels was also present in the cerebral cortex. The proliferating vessels were small and narrowed by proliferation of surrounding spindle-shaped cells. Immunohistochemically, the spindle-shaped cells had strong to moderate positivity for @entity2277 and @entity2280 and weak positivity for epithelial membrane antigen and S-100 protein. The maximum Ki67 labeling index was 0.3%. The spindle-shaped cells showed loss of heterozygosity on D17S929 and D17S282 microsatellite markers flanking the @entity13755 gene. These histopathologic and genetic findings are consistent with meningioangiomatosis, and meningioangiomatosis has been thought to be a neoplastic lesion of meningothelial cells. This is the first report of a @entity74 in a case of meningioangiomatosis.

title: Meningioangiomatosis occurring in a young male without neurofibromatosis: with special reference to its histogenesis and loss of heterozygosity in the XXXX gene region.

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['leptomeningeal lesion']

entities_list: @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['calcification']

entities_list: @entity1653 :: ('MESH:D008579', 'Disease') :: ['meningioma']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['genetic alteration']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

answer: @entity13755 :: (4771,Gene) :: ['NF2']


abstract: The authors report a retrospective review of 105 @entity1 with @entity1691 ( @entity1691 ) diagnosed over a 6-year period in Tucson, Arizona. In the series, there were 13 @entity1 with @entity174 and eight with severe @entity1566 . Two @entity1 with central cord contusion had no demonstrable cervical spine @entity174 . Injury was often trivial and dislocation at @entity174 sites was minimal, demonstrating the extreme fragility of these @entity1 . @entity612 , which has not previously been associated with @entity1691 , was documented in three cases. @entity1516 , a destructive @entity75 that does not require surgical decompression or fusion, was found in four @entity1 ; this entity is believed to originate as a pathological or traumatic @entity174 . @entity9807 associated with @entity3947 occurred in one @entity1 . The study emphasizes the value of computerized tomography scanning of the spine for diagnosis, and halo-vest application as a nonoperative treatment for cervical immobilization. Early diagnosis and appropriate therapy to decompress, reduce, and immobilize unstable spinal lesions may result in reduction of the 29% mortality rate and 45% permanent @entity16 rate observed after spinal @entity174 in this series of @entity1691 @entity1 . Because of the high operative complication rate observed, nonsurgical immobilization is the recommended treatment unless spinal dislocation or bone fragment displacement has occurred at the @entity174 site.

title: XXXX , spinal @entity174 , and @entity612 in @entity1691 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'fracture', 'spinal fractures']

entities_list: @entity612 :: ('MESH:D013130', 'Disease') :: ['Spinal stenosis']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['vertebral lesion']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological morbidity']

entities_list: @entity3947 :: ('MESH:D000844', 'Disease') :: ['spinal ankylosis']

entities_list: @entity1691 :: ('MESH:D013167', 'Disease') :: ['ankylosing spondylitis', 'AS']

entities_list: @entity1566 :: ('MESH:D013119', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord injury']

entities_list: @entity9807 :: ('MESH:C538196', 'Disease') :: ['Atlanto-axial subluxation and basilar invagination']

entities_list: @entity1516 :: ('MESH:D011542', 'Disease') :: ['Pseudarthrosis']

answer: @entity1566 :: (MESH:D013119,Disease) :: ['Spinal cord injury']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The use of opioids in surgeries for morbidly @entity28 @entity1 could cause @entity1576 . Therefore, alternative analgesics are needed to improve anesthetic management for @entity28 @entity1 . The objective of this study was to compare the effect of @entity6948 and @entity1338 on @entity158 as well as analgesic consumption at 24 h postoperatively in @entity1 undergoing laparoscopic gastric sleeve. The secondary objective was to compare @entity1 ' and surgeons' satisfaction. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 60 @entity28 and morbidly @entity28 @entity1 scheduled to undergo laparoscopic gastric sleeve were randomly assigned into two groups. 10 min after induction of general anesthesia, one group received 0.8-1.2  g/kg/30 min intravenous (IV) @entity1338 through 500 mL lactated Ringer's solution and placebo (normal saline solution) through syringe pump. The second group received IV @entity6948 through syringe pump at a rate 0.5-0.8  g/kg/h and placebo through 500 mL lactated Ringer's solution. Data on @entity158 , analgesic consumption, and return to normal activity in addition to @entity1 ' and surgeons' satisfaction were collected. RESULTS: Both groups were similar with respect to demographic and intraoperative hemodynamic characteristics. @entity3575 consumption, surgery duration and hospital stay were similar for the two groups. @entity158 scores on walking were significantly lower in the @entity1338 group at 12 h postoperatively (P = 0.014) compared with @entity6948 group. The number of @entity1 who consumed @entity6882 was significantly lower in the @entity1338 group at 12 h postoperatively (P = 0.045). CONCLUSION: This study concluded that @entity1338 and @entity6948 yielded similar outcomes with a difference in @entity158 and analgesic consumption at 12 h postoperatively.

title: Effect of XXXX versus @entity6948 on @entity158 control after laparoscopic gastric sleeve: A prospective, randomized, double-blinded study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6882 :: ('MESH:D008614', 'Chemical') :: ['pethidine']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory depression']

entities_list: @entity1338 :: ('MESH:D003000', 'Chemical') :: ['clonidine']

entities_list: @entity6948 :: ('MESH:D020927', 'Chemical') :: ['dexmedetomidine']

entities_list: @entity3575 :: ('MESH:D005283', 'Chemical') :: ['Fentanyl']

answer: @entity1338 :: (MESH:D003000,Chemical) :: ['clonidine']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: A meta-analysis was carried out of published studies on the effect of the @entity5396 @entity23013 polymorphism in liver donors and transplant recipients on @entity1140 pharmacokinetics. METHODS: Cohort studies that evaluated the relationship between the @entity5396 polymorphism in liver donors and transplant recipients and @entity1140 , trough blood concentration normalized for the daily dose (C) per kilogram body weight (D) (C/D, ng/ml/mg/kg/day) up to 1 year after transplantation, were included. Data were not restricted by @entity1 age or the language or journal of publication. A literature search was conducted using the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and grey literature, and articles published up to 24 April 2013 were selected. Data were pooled (random-effects model), and the results were expressed as the mean difference of the corresponding C/D ratios and 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS: Six studies involving donor genotypes (254 @entity1 ) and four involving recipient genotypes (180 @entity1 ) were ultimately included. The meta-analysis showed the C/D ratio to be significantly higher in recipients with nonexpresser donor variants at all time points. In recipients, the variant did not influence the C/D ratio. CONCLUSION: The presence of the @entity5396 @entity23013 polymorphism in the donor affects @entity1140 pharmacokinetics in the recipient, although only the evidence available for the first month after transplantation was of adequate quality for demonstrating a significant difference. The evidence provided here shows no effect of the recipient genotype; however, the quality of the evidence was low, thereby precluding the drawing of firm conclusions.

title: Meta-analysis and systematic review of the effect of the donor and recipient @entity5396 XXXX genotype on @entity1140 dose requirements in liver transplantation.

entities_list: @entity1140 :: ('MESH:D016559', 'Chemical') :: ['tacrolimus']

answer: @entity23013 :: (c|SUB|A|6986|G,DNAMutation) :: ['6986A>G']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: IntroductionCardiogenic shock ( @entity1050 ) is the leading cause of @entity204 in @entity1 hospitalized with @entity583 ( @entity583 ). Biomarkers might help in risk stratification and understanding of pathophysiology. Preliminary data suggests that @entity1 with @entity1050 face a profound increase in the osteocyte-derived hormone @entity11648 ( @entity11648 ), which acts as a negative regulator of serum @entity1391 levels. The present study aimed to assess the predictive role of @entity11648 for clinical outcome in a large cohort of @entity1050 @entity1 with and without @entity8 .MethodsIn the randomized intra-aortic balloon pump in @entity1455 (IABP-SHOCK II)-trial, 600 @entity1 with @entity1050 complicating @entity583 were assigned to therapy with or without IABP. Our predefined biomarker substudy included 182 @entity1 . Blood sampling was performed in a standardized procedure at three different time points (day 1 (day of admission), day 2 and day 3). Differences in outcome of @entity1 with @entity11648 levels  <  and  >  median were compared by log-rank-testing. Stepwise logistic regression modeling was performed to identify predictors of @entity204 at 30 days and Cox-regression analysis for time to @entity204 during the first year.ResultsAt all three time points, non-survivors had significantly higher @entity11648 levels compared to survivors (P <0.001 for all). @entity1 with @entity11648 levels above the median (395 RU/mL [interquartile range 102;2395]) were characterized by an increased 30-day mortality and 1-year mortality. In multivariable analysis @entity11648 levels remained independent predictors for 30-day (odds ratio per 10log 1.80, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.11 to 2.92; P = 0.02) and 1-year mortality (hazard ratio 1.50, 95% CI 1.11 to 2.04, P = 0.009). After stratifying the @entity1 according to their baseline serum @entity1011 levels, the negative prognostic association of increased @entity11648 was only significant in those with serum @entity1011 greater than median.ConclusionIn @entity1050 , high levels of @entity11648 are independently related to a poor clinical outcome. However, this prognostic association appears only to apply in @entity1 with @entity8 .Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00491036. Registered 22 June 2007.

title: @entity11648 in @entity583 complicated by XXXX : a biomarker substudy of the intra-aortic balloon pump in @entity1455 (IABP-SHOCK II) trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity1455 :: ('MESH:D012770', 'Disease') :: ['cardiogenic shock II']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal dysfunction', 'impaired renal function']

entities_list: @entity11648 :: ('8074', 'Gene') :: ['FGF-23', 'fibroblast growth factor 23']

entities_list: @entity1391 :: ('CHEBI:26020', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphate']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['AMI', 'acute myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity1455 :: (MESH:D012770,Disease) :: ['cardiogenic shock']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine if, and if so, in what way, the maternal serum screening for @entity601 ( @entity601 ) and @entity1467 ( @entity1467 ) in the Dutch decentralized obstetrical organization would be feasible and effective. DESIGN: Prospective. SETTING: University Hospital Groningen. METHOD: Between October 1st 1990 and December 1st 1991 we determined the likelihood of a baby with a @entity601 and/or @entity1467 in 2580 pregnant @entity1 , at 15 to 20 weeks gestation, by serum screening. RESULTS: Five foetuses with @entity1467 were detected, as well as two with a @entity601 , one foetus with an omphalocele, and one with @entity2689 . One @entity1 with a @entity601 and one with @entity1467 were not found prenatally. Of all 98 @entity1 of 36 years or older, 68 declined amniocentesis because their risk was lower than the age related risk. CONCLUSIONS: Maternal serum screening for @entity601 and @entity1467 is feasible and effective in principle. In a decentralized prenatal care system, special attention has to be paid to the time needed to report the results and to the completion of the follow-up. The detection rate of @entity1467 in pregnant @entity1 of 36 years or older remains almost the same, but a significant number of them decline prenatal diagnosis. An increased risk of foetal @entity1467 , determined by serum screening, should be added to the official list of indications for prenatal diagnosis in the Netherlands.

title: [Serum screening of pregnant @entity1 for XXXX and Down syndrome; initial experiences in The Netherlands].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity1467 :: ('MESH:D004314', 'Disease') :: ["Down's syndrome", 'DS']

entities_list: @entity601 :: ('MESH:D009436', 'Disease') :: ['fetal neural tube defects', 'NTD']

entities_list: @entity2689 :: ('MESH:D014424', 'Disease') :: ["Turner's syndrome"]

answer: @entity601 :: (MESH:D009436,Disease) :: ['fetal neural tube defects']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: In @entity1 suffering @entity15 activity despite treatment with interferon b or glatiramer acetate, clinicians often switch therapy to either natalizumab or fingolimod. However, no studies have directly compared the outcomes of switching to either of these agents. METHODS: Using MSBase, a large international, observational, prospectively acquired cohort study, we identified @entity1 with @entity3780 @entity15 experiencing relapses or disability progression within the 6 months immediately preceding switch to either natalizumab or fingolimod. Quasi-randomization with propensity score-based matching was used to select subpopulations with comparable baseline characteristics. Relapse and disability outcomes were compared in paired, pairwise-censored analyses. RESULTS: Of the 792 included @entity1 , 578 @entity1 were matched (natalizumab, n   =   407; fingolimod, n   =   171). Mean on-study follow-up was 12 months. The annualized relapse rates decreased from 1.5 to 0.2 on natalizumab and from 1.3 to 0.4 on fingolimod, with 50% relative postswitch difference in relapse hazard (p   =   0.002). A 2.8 times higher rate of sustained disability regression was observed after the switch to natalizumab in comparison to fingolimod (p   <   0.001). No difference in the rate of sustained disability progression events was observed between the groups. The change in overall disability burden (quantified as area under the disability-time curve) differed between natalizumab and fingolimod (-0.12 vs 0.04 per year, respectively, p   <   0.001). INTERPRETATION: This study suggests that in active @entity15 during treatment with injectable disease-modifying therapies, switching to natalizumab is more effective than switching to fingolimod in reducing relapse rate and short-term disability burden. Ann Neurol 2015.

title: Switch to natalizumab versus fingolimod in active XXXX @entity15 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3780 :: ('MESH:D020529', 'Disease') :: ['relapsing-remitting']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['multiple sclerosis']

answer: @entity3780 :: (MESH:D020529,Disease) :: ['relapsing-remitting']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Karnofsky Performance Scale Index (KPS) is a measure of functional status that allows @entity1 to be classified according to their functional impairment. We aim to assess if the prior KPS may predict the risk of @entity204 among @entity1 with @entity810 ( @entity810 ). METHODS: A cohort of 668 consecutive @entity1 who had been admitted in an university-affiliated hospital between June 2000 and June 2006, and had been diagnosed with @entity810 , were studied. Three hundred and eighty-six @entity1 with @entity810 who matched at least one of the RIFLE (Risk, Injury, Failure, Loss and End stage) criteria on increased serum @entity1011 were included for subsequent analysis. The group was divided into four categories, according to different Karnofsky scores measured by a nephrologist (>or=80, 70, 60 and <or=50). We used an adjusted logistic regression model to assess the relationship between the Karnofky score and mortality. RESULTS: A significant risk of in-hospital mortality within 90 days was observed when the other groups were compared with the >or=80 Karnofsky group. Adjusted odds ratios were 8.87 (95% confidence interval (CI) 3.03-25.99), 6.78 (95% CI 2.61-17.58) and 2.83 (95% CI 1.04-7.68), for Karnofsky groups of <or=50, 60 and 70, respectively. An adjusted odds ratio of 1.75 (95% CI 1.37-2.23) was observed for every 10 point decrease in KPS score. CONCLUSION: Functional status as indicated by the KPS is an independent predictor of @entity204 in this cohort of @entity1 with @entity810 . @entity1 who presented lower scores had increased mortality rates.

title: Karnofsky performance score in XXXX as a predictor of short-term survival.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['ARF', 'acute renal failure']

answer: @entity810 :: (MESH:D058186,Disease) :: ['acute renal failure']


abstract: PURPOSE: To compare choroidal thickness maps of different types of macular @entity4 secondary to branch @entity2994 (BRVO) using swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS OCT). DESIGN: Retrospective cross-sectional study. METHODS: We generated @entity2194 @entity1 with BRVO using the macular volumetric raster scan protocol of the SS OCT. The enrolled eyes were classified into 4 types of macular @entity4 according to the captured OCT images: no macular @entity4 (nME, 13 eyes), @entity1103 ( @entity1103 ), @entity1713 ( @entity1713 , 12 eyes), and mixed type ( @entity1103  + @entity1713 , 15 eyes). The data from normal fellow eyes served as the control. Statistical analysis was performed to compare choroidal thickness maps according to the type of macular @entity4 . RESULTS: The mean choroidal thicknesses in the control, nME, @entity1103 , @entity1713 , and mixed-type groups were 205.77    41.65   m, 211.56    46.34   m, 214.30    49.21   m, 249.18    43.51   m, and 248.05    49.51   m, respectively. No statistical difference in choroidal thickness was observed among the nME, @entity1103 , and control groups, while the @entity1713 and mixed groups showed larger choroidal thickness values than the control group (P < .001). No topographic feature in the choroidal thickness was observed to vary according to the location of BRVO. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest the choroidal thickness in BRVO varies according to the type of macular @entity4 . Among the macular @entity4 groups, choroidal thickness was significantly increased in eyes with @entity1713 relative to those without @entity1713 , which suggests that increased choroidal thickness may influence the development of @entity1713 in BRVO.

title: Choroidal Maps in Different Types of @entity1103 in Branch Retinal XXXX Using Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography.

entities_list: @entity2194 :: ('MESH:D005128', 'Disease') :: ['choroidal thickness maps of 55 eyes of 55']

entities_list: @entity1713 :: ('MESH:D012163', 'Disease') :: ['SRD', 'serous retinal detachment']

entities_list: @entity2994 :: ('MESH:D012170', 'Disease') :: ['retinal vein occlusion']

entities_list: @entity1103 :: ('MESH:D008269', 'Disease') :: ['CME, 15 eyes', 'CME', 'cystoid macular edema']

answer: @entity2994 :: (MESH:D012170,Disease) :: ['Vein Occlusion']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Collett' @entity59305 (Pseudechis colletti) is a member of the black snake genus and occurs in a warm temperate to sub-tropical region of central Queensland, Australia. There are no reports of bites occurring in the wild, and bites were previously thought to cause only minor effects. They are a popular snake among zoos and exotic snake keepers. AIM: To investigate the clinical effects of severe envenoming by Collett' @entity59305 , and possible treatment options. DESIGN: Case series. METHODS: Clinical and laboratory features are described for six bites, all in snake handlers. RESULTS: All six bites were from captive snakes, resulting in severe envenoming in four. Two @entity1 were treated early with black snake antivenom, and only developed an anticoagulant @entity1003 and mild myolysis. Two developed anticoagulant @entity1003 and severe @entity5925 associated with @entity810 , requiring haemodialysis; both received antivenom >10 h after the bite, and initially received minimal fluid replacement. Other effects included @entity882 , non-immune @entity417 and a marked @entity491 . DISCUSSION: Collett' @entity59305 envenoming is characterized by early generalized systemic effects ( @entity390 , @entity391 , @entity490 , @entity294 and @entity10 ) and an anticoagulant @entity1003 , followed in some cases by @entity5925 and @entity810 in untreated @entity1 within 24 h. Early initiation of fluid therapy and treatment with black snake antivenom should be undertaken in all envenomed @entity1 .

title: Collett' XXXX (Pseudechis colletti) envenoming in snake handlers.

entities_list: @entity417 :: ('MESH:D000740', 'Disease') :: ['haemolytic anaemia']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhoea']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity1003 :: ('MESH:D001778', 'Disease') :: ['coagulopathy']

entities_list: @entity5925 :: ('MESH:D012206', 'Disease') :: ['rhabdomyolysis']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['acute renal failure']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity491 :: ('MESH:D007964', 'Disease') :: ['leukocytosis']

answer: @entity59305 :: (196253,Species) :: ['s snake']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this pilot study was to determine whether intensive use of the Mendelsohn maneuver in @entity1 post @entity64 could alter swallow physiology when used as a rehabilitative exercise. METHOD: Eighteen outpatients between 6 weeks and 22 months post @entity64 were enrolled in this prospective study using a crossover design to compare 2 weeks of treatment with 2 weeks of no treatment. Each @entity1 received an initial videofluoroscopic swallow study (VFSS) and an additional VFSS at the end of each week for 1 month for a total of 5 studies. During treatment weeks, @entity1 received 2 treatment sessions per day performing Mendelsohn maneuvers with surface electromyography for biofeedback. Measures of swallowing duration, penetration/ @entity1173 , residue, and @entity1282 severity were analyzed from VFSS to compare treatment and no-treatment weeks. RESULTS: Significant changes occurred for measures of the duration of superior and anterior hyoid movement after 2 weeks of treatment. Improvements were observed for duration of opening of the upper esophageal sphincter (UES), but results were not statistically significant. Measures of penetration/ @entity1173 , residue, and @entity1282 severity improved throughout the study, but no differences were observed between treatment and no-treatment weeks. CONCLUSIONS: Intensive use of the Mendselsohn maneuver in isolation altered duration of hyoid movement and UES opening in this exploratory study. Results can guide future research toward improved selection criteria and exploration of outcomes. Larger numbers of @entity1 and variations in treatment duration and intensity will be necessary to determine the true clinical value of this treatment.

title: Effects of Mendelsohn maneuver on measures of swallowing duration post XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'participant']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['dysphagia']

entities_list: @entity1173 :: ('MESH:D053120', 'Disease') :: ['aspiration']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['stroke']


abstract: The deposition and dispersion of inhaled aerosol boluses were investigated as markers of @entity651 in three @entity235 before and after @entity2415 was induced by papain exposure. After the experiments, lung damage was assessed histologically. Four unexposed @entity235 were used as controls. Effective air space diameter (EAD) was determined from aerosol deposition during a 5-s breath hold. Nonuniform ventilation was assessed from the spreading of the expired bolus, quantified as a @entity1480 ( @entity1480 ), and from expired @entity1319 (SK). Experiments were done with a range of bolus penetrations and ventilatory flow rates. After papain exposure, EAD measured with the most penetrating boluses increased an average of 89% (P < 0.0001); @entity1480 and SK measured with boluses of medium penetration and a flow rate of 0.5 l/s increased an average of 24% (P < 0.02) and 98% (P < 0.002), respectively. The effects of @entity651 on @entity1480 and SK increased with flow rate. @entity651 was confirmed by changes in lung mechanics and by histology. EAD measured with deeply penetrating boluses correlated significantly with the mean chord length measured morphometrically (P < 0.05). No correlation was found with more shallow boluses. The results indicate that EAD, @entity1480 , and SK are sensitive markers of @entity651 in experimental @entity2415 and that EAD is a specific marker of increased air space size.

title: Aerosol deposition and dispersion characterize XXXX in a @entity235 model of @entity2415 .

entities_list: @entity2415 :: ('MESH:D004646', 'Disease') :: ['emphysema']

entities_list: @entity651 :: ('MESH:D055370', 'Disease') :: ['Lung injury', 'lung injury']

entities_list: @entity1319 :: ('MESH:D015835', 'Disease') :: ['bolus skewness']

entities_list: @entity1480 :: ('MESH:C563184', 'Disease') :: ['CD', 'coefficient of dispersion']

answer: @entity651 :: (MESH:D055370,Disease) :: ['lung injury']


abstract: The @entity6889 /sST2 axis is associated with @entity32 and cardiac stress. This study examined the roles of serum @entity6889 /sST2 and other inflammatory cytokines in @entity1030 ( @entity1030 ) @entity1 , with or without @entity3618 ( @entity3618 ). The levels of serum @entity6889 and sST2 in 36 @entity1030 @entity1 without @entity3618 , 42 cases with @entity3618 , and 37 healthy controls (HCs) were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The concentrations of serum @entity310 , @entity1356 , @entity650 , @entity687 , @entity688 , and IL-12 were analyzed by cytometric bead array. The pulmonary function was also determined. The levels of @entity6889 in @entity1030 @entity1 were lower than in @entity1 with @entity3618 during the acute episode stage and HCs, and increased as @entity1 transitioned into the stable phase, especially in @entity1 whose modified medical research council scale values decreased. @entity6889 levels were correlated positively with FEV1%pre, FVC%pre, FEF50%pre, and MMEF75/25%pre, while they correlated negatively with center airway resistance. There were no differences in the levels of sST2 among these groups. The concentrations of @entity650 and @entity688 in @entity1030 @entity1 during acute episodes were significantly higher, and decreased during stable phases. @entity6889 may be considered an important factor in the pathogenesis of @entity1030 , and decreased @entity6889 levels may be an indicator of the pulmonary function decline of @entity1030 @entity1 .

title: The role of the serum @entity6889 /sST2 axis and inflammatory cytokines in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity3618 :: ('MESH:D011660', 'Disease') :: ['CCP', 'chronic cor pulmonale']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease', 'COPD']

answer: @entity1030 :: (MESH:D029424,Disease) :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity2008 as well as presence of @entity62189 mutations are the underlying reason for clinical heterogeneity in @entity1072 ( @entity1072 ). The presence of @entity62189 mutations as well as the predominant gene usage shows geographical variations. However, there is no study from India addressing immunogenetics of @entity1072 . In a first Indian study we document the immunogenetics of @entity1072 in a large tertiary hospital. METHODS: We analyzed @entity62189 mutation status, VH gene usage, cytogenetic abnormalities using FISH, immunophenotyping data and correlated them with standard clinical variables in 84 @entity1 of @entity1072 . RESULTS: Advanced Rai stage (Stage 3/4) was seen in 45% of our @entity1 , where as 13q deletion was the commonest clonal cytogenetic abnormality detected in 48.4% of the cases. @entity62189 unmutated cases (55.2%) showed higher proportion expressing @entity3053 and @entity5690 , a preferential usage for VH1 and @entity37333 families (55.2%), presentation at an advanced Rai stage (52.8%) as well as more frequent presence of @entity876 deletions. As compared to the @entity62189 mutated cases greater proportion of @entity62189 unmutated @entity1 (70%) required treatment. However, there was no significant difference in the time to treatment between mutated and unmutated cases which can be attributed to relatively short median follow up of 10 months. CONCLUSION: To summarize, we have seen a higher proportion of @entity62189 unmutated @entity1 in our cohort (55.2%). The commonly used VH genes in the Indian population are @entity62189 2-5, @entity62189 1-2 and @entity62189 1-69. Longer clinical follow up and a larger cohort is necessary to confirm the prognostic value of @entity62189 mutation analysis in Indian @entity1 with @entity1072 .

title: Immunogenetics of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1072 :: ('MESH:D015451', 'Disease') :: ['CLL', 'Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia']

entities_list: @entity2008 :: ('MESH:D002869', 'Disease') :: ['Cytogenetic aberrations']

answer: @entity1072 :: (MESH:D015451,Disease) :: ['chronic lymphocytic leukemia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity1254 @entity32 and increases @entity688 mRNA expression in @entity1 macrophages. Thus, we investigated the possible relationship between plasma @entity1254 and @entity688 levels and the effects of a diet-induced moderate @entity353 on both cytokines. @entity1 AND STUDY DESIGN: Plasma @entity1254 and @entity688 levels were analyzed in 64 android [body mass index (BMI), > 28 kg/m2; waist to hip ratio (WHR), > or = 0.86] and 20 gynoid [BMI, > 28 kg/m2; WHR, < 0.86] @entity28 healthy @entity1 . @entity28 @entity1 (49 +/- 14 yr) had a mean BMI of 37.1 +/- 5.3 kg/m2, similar to that of @entity28 @entity1 (49 +/- 11 yr; BMI, 33.4 +/- 2.6 kg/m2). Twenty nonobese control @entity1 (46 +/- 11 yr; BMI, 25.2 +/- 2.2 kg/m2) were also studied. In 15 @entity28 @entity1 , measurements were repeated after a 12-wk diet period (1200 kcal/d). RESULTS: Median @entity1254 [5.2 (range, 3.3-7.8) vs. 12.1 (9.7-13.9) vs. 15.0 (12.6-18.2) microg/ml; P < 0.0001] and @entity688 [1.8 (1.2-3.3) vs. 3.5 (2.9-4.3) and vs. 4.1 (3.5-4.8) pg/ml; P < 0.0001] levels were lower in android vs. gynoid vs. nonobese @entity1 . Among @entity28 @entity1 , low @entity1254 levels were independently related (P < 0.0001) to decreased @entity688 levels, independently of BMI, WHR, or insulin resistance. No significant change in either median @entity1254 or @entity688 levels was observed after body weight reduction (8 +/- 4 kg; P < 0.01), although percent changes in @entity1254 paralleled those in @entity688 (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: @entity28 is associated with a concomitant reduction of @entity688 and @entity1254 levels. However, the antiinflammatory status of @entity28 might require prolonged periods of energy-restricted diets to revert to normal.

title: Association between circulating @entity1254 and XXXX levels in @entity28 : effects of @entity353 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'human', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inhibits vascular inflammation']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['Android obesity', 'Android obese', 'android obese', 'gynoid obese', 'obese', 'obesity']

entities_list: @entity1254 :: ('9370', 'Gene') :: ['Adiponectin', 'adiponectin']

answer: @entity688 :: (3586,Gene) :: ['interleukin-10']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the surgical results of @entity453 ( @entity453 ) for @entity1 with @entity583 ( @entity583 ) within 14 days of the @entity1188 . METHODS AND RESULTS: From April 2000 to January 2005 among 841 @entity1 who underwent @entity453 , 43 consecutive @entity1 (5.1%) were examined. Mean age at operation was 69.5 years and mean time from the onset of @entity583 to surgery was 4.6 days. Seventeen @entity1 (39.5%) had @entity851 . Three @entity1 (7.0%) underwent @entity453 following unsuccessful percutaneous coronary intervention, and 1 @entity1 (2.3%) underwent redo procedure 9 years after previous coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Six @entity1 (14%) were admitted in @entity1455 . Intraaortic balloon pumping was inserted preoperatively in 20 @entity1 (46.5%). The average maximum @entity908 kinase-myocardial band was 139+/-181 (U/L). The mean number of grafts was 3.2 and the rate of complete revascularization was 91%. Two of six @entity1 with preoperative @entity1455 were converted to on-pump beating CABG due to @entity67 . The early graft patency rate was 98%. All @entity1 survived except 2 with preoperative @entity1455 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity453 can be performed after @entity583 as a relatively low-risk procedure with an acceptable mortality rate, even within 14 days of the @entity1188 .

title: Off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['left main trunk disease']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['AMI', 'acute myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity908 :: ('MESH:D003401', 'Chemical') :: ['creatine']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarction']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['OPCAB', 'off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular arrythmia']

entities_list: @entity1455 :: ('MESH:D012770', 'Disease') :: ['cardiogenic shock']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['acute myocardial infarction']


abstract: We developed two models of @entity295 with different degrees of severity, sublethal and lethal @entity295 , induced by cecal ligation and puncture. @entity295 induced by cecal ligation and puncture (L- @entity32448 ) resulted in failure of @entity9979 to the @entity281 site and high mortality. Treatment of septic animals with @entity5118 (AG), a @entity842 (NO) synthase inhibitor, precluded the failure of @entity9979 and protected the animals from @entity204 . However, @entity13633 ( @entity13633 )-deficient ( @entity13633 (-/-)) @entity19 subjected to L- @entity32448 did not present @entity9979 failure, but 100% lethality occurred. @entity13633 (-/-) @entity19 subjected to sublethal @entity295 induced by cecal ligation and puncture (SL- @entity32448 ) also suffered high mortality despite the occurrence of @entity9979 . This apparent paradox could be explained by the lack of microbicidal activity in neutrophils of @entity13633 (-/-) @entity19 present at the @entity281 site due to their inability to produce NO. Notably, SL- and L- @entity32448 @entity13633 (-/-) @entity19 showed high bacterial numbers in exudates. The inhibition of @entity9979 by NO is due to inhibition of a neutrophil/endothelium adhesion mechanism, since a reduction in leukocyte rolling, adhesion, and emigration was observed in L- @entity32448 wild-type @entity19 . These responses were prevented by AG treatment and were not observed in the @entity13633 (-/-) L- @entity32448 group. There was no significant change in @entity6232 expression in neutrophils from L- @entity32448 @entity19 . Thus, it seems that the decrease in leukocyte rolling is due to a defect in the expression of adhesion molecules on endothelial surfaces mediated by @entity13633 -derived NO. In conclusion, the results indicate that despite the importance of NO in neutrophil microbicidal activity, its generation in severe @entity295 reduces @entity9979 by inhibiting leukocyte rolling and their firm adhesion to the endothelium, in effect impairing the migration of leukocytes and consequently their fundamental role in host cell defense mechanisms.

title: Inhibition of leukocyte rolling by XXXX during @entity295 leads to reduced migration of active microbicidal neutrophils.

entities_list: @entity9979 :: ('MESH:C563515', 'Disease') :: ['neutrophil migration']

entities_list: @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['sepsis', 'Lethal sepsis']

entities_list: @entity5118 :: ('MESH:C004479', 'Chemical') :: ['aminoguanidine']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity13633 :: ('18126(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['cytokine-induced NO synthase', 'iNOS']

answer: @entity842 :: (MESH:D009569,Chemical) :: ['nitric oxide']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Intractable and continuous itch sensations often accompany diseases such as @entity483 , @entity75 , @entity5507 and @entity1448 . @entity4990 ( @entity4991 ) is an itch mediator found in cholestatic itch @entity1 and it induces acute itch and @entity158 in the experimental rodent models. However, the molecular mechanism by which @entity4991 activates peripheral sensory neurons remains unknown. In this study, we used a cheek injection method in @entity19 to reveal that @entity4991 induced itch-related behaviors but not @entity158 . The @entity4991 -induced itch behavior and cellular effects were dependent on @entity13811 ( @entity13811 ) and vanilloid 1 ( @entity13812 ), which are important for itch signal transduction. We also found that, among the 6 @entity4991 receptors, the @entity32316 receptor had the greatest involvement in itching. Furthermore, we demonstrated that @entity16091 ( @entity16091 ) plays a critical role downstream of @entity32316 and that @entity4991 directly and intracellularly activates @entity13811 and @entity13812 . These results suggest a unique mechanism that cytoplasmic @entity4991 produced de novo could activate @entity13811 and @entity13812 . We conclude that @entity4991 -induced itch is mediated by @entity32316 , @entity16091 , @entity13811 and @entity13812 signaling, and thus targeting @entity13811 , @entity13812 or @entity16091 could be effective for cholestatic itch interventions. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: @entity4990 -induced itch is mediated by signaling of @entity32316 receptor, @entity16091 and @entity13811 / XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity483 :: ('MESH:D003876', 'Disease') :: ['atopic dermatitis']

entities_list: @entity4990 :: ('MESH:C032881', 'Chemical') :: ['Lysophosphatidic acid']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['neurogenic lesions']

entities_list: @entity13811 :: ('8989', 'Gene') :: ['transient receptor potential ankyrin 1', 'TRPA1']

entities_list: @entity1448 :: ('MESH:D002779', 'Disease') :: ['cholestasis']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain-related behaviors', 'pain']

answer: @entity13812 :: (7442,Gene) :: ['TRPV1']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 2057 Background: This phase II study was performed to assess survival, local control and @entity137 using concomitant chemo-radiotherapy (CRT) followed by adjuvant chemotherapy with @entity2903 ( @entity2904 ) in @entity1 affected by @entity11 [ @entity816 ( @entity5066 ) and @entity816 ( @entity816 )] Methods: @entity1 (>= 18 years) with histological diagnosis of of @entity5066 or @entity816 were enrolled. Written consensus was obtained After surgical resection, all @entity1 received concomitant chemotherapy to RT. @entity2904 (75 mg/m2 daily) was administered from Monday to Friday for all time of radiotherapy (Total dose: 59.4 Gy). After a 4-weeks break, @entity1 received also adjuvant chemotherapy with @entity2904 (150-200 mg/m2x 5 days ) for at least 6 cycles. Acute @entity137 was evaluated according to RTOG criteria. The sample size of @entity1 was assessed by the single proportion powered analysis. RESULTS: From October 2000 to August 2010 59 @entity1 (55.9% @entity5066 and 44.1% @entity816 ) were enrolled. Median age was 41 years (range 18- 71 years). Thirty-five @entity1 (59.3%) had a complete surgical resection and 23 @entity1 (40.7%) presented a MR- proven @entity41 . Thirty-seven cases (63.1%) were classified as 1-3 RPA class and twenty-two (36.9%) as 4 RPA class. RTOG @entity137 G1-2 and G3 were 10.2% and 6.8%, respectively. RTOG haematological @entity137 G1-2 and G3 was 16.9% and 10.1%, respectively. At a median follow-up of 55 months (range 3-123 months) 36 @entity1 (61%) were alive. The median local control (LC) was 32 months and the 1 and 5-year LC was 90.8% and 42.3%, respectively. The median @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) was 45 months (29 months for @entity5066 and not reached for @entity816 ) and the 1 and 5-year @entity1349 was 66.3%, and 34.2%, respectively (for @entity5066 86.8 and 28.1%, respectively; for @entity816 95.7% and 56.5%, respectively [HR 4.1; 95%CI: 1.59-8.4]). A statistically significant difference in @entity1349 was found among @entity1 with RPA class 1-3 (1 and 5-year @entity1349 96.9%, and 70%) and those with RPA class 4 (1 and 5-year @entity1349 79.9% and 7%). CONCLUSIONS: @entity2904 -based chemo-radiation for WHO grade 3 @entity11 is well tolerated and seems to increase local control and survival; a randomized controlled study is necessary to confirm this data.

title: @entity2903 -based chemoradiation in na  ve pure and mixed XXXX : Long term results of a phase II study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'neurological toxicity']

entities_list: @entity41 :: ('MESH:D018365', 'Disease') :: ['residual tumor']

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['WHO III Gliomas', 'gliomas']

entities_list: @entity816 :: ('MESH:D001254', 'Disease') :: ['AOA', 'Anaplastic Astrocytomas', 'Anaplastic Oligo-Astrocytomas']

entities_list: @entity2903 :: ('MESH:C047246', 'Chemical') :: ['temozolomide']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity816 :: (MESH:D001254,Disease) :: ['anaplastic astrocytoma']


abstract: Here we present a novel method "Genomic inverse PCR for exploration of ligated breakpoints" (GIPFEL) that allows the sensitive detection of recurrent chromosomal translocations. This technique utilizes limited amounts of DNA as starting material and relies on PCR based quantification of unique DNA sequences that are created by circular ligation of restricted genomic DNA from translocation bearing cells. Because the complete potential breakpoint region is interrogated, a prior knowledge of the individual, specific interchromosomal fusion site is not required. We validated GIPFEL for the five most common gene fusions associated with @entity1778 ( @entity11626 - @entity28867 , @entity11626 - @entity16056 , @entity11626 -ENL, @entity9604 - @entity5316 , and @entity11260 - @entity31250 ). A workflow of restriction digest, purification, ligation, removal of linear fragments and precipitation enriching for circular DNA was developed. GIPFEL allowed detection of translocation specific signature sequences down to a 10-4 dilution which is close to the theoretical limit. In a blinded proof-of-principle study utilizing DNA from cell lines and 144 @entity1 with B-precursor-ALL associated translocations this method was 100% specific with no false positive results. Sensitivity was 83%, 65%, and 24% for t(4;11), t(9;11) and t(11;19) respectively. Translocation t(12;21) was correctly detected in 64% and t(1;19) in 39% of the cases. In contrast to other methods, the characteristics of GIPFEL make it particularly attractive for prospective studies.

title: Genomic inverse PCR for exploration of ligated breakpoints (GIPFEL), a new method to detect translocations in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity1778 :: ('MESH:D007938', 'Disease') :: ['childhood leukemia']

answer: @entity1778 :: (MESH:D007938,Disease) :: ['leukemia']


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate both peripheral and central retinal vascular changes after intravitreal anti- @entity7 ( @entity7 ) therapy in the setting of acute @entity2994 ( @entity2994 ). METHODS: Two @entity1 with @entity1103 , one secondary to central @entity2994 (CRVO) and one secondary to branch @entity2994 (BRVO), underwent ultra wide-field (200  ) photography and @entity941 angiography before and after a single intravitreal injection of an anti- @entity7 agent. The @entity1 with CRVO received an intravitreal injection of ranibizumab (0.5 mg/0.05 mL). The @entity1 with BRVO received an intravitreal injection of bevacizumab (1.25 mg/0.05 mL). The eye with CRVO was reevaluated with ultra wide-field photography and @entity941 angiography at 7 days and 35 days after treatment. The eye with BRVO was reevaluated with ultra wide-field photography and @entity941 angiography at 30 days after treatment. Photographs and @entity941 angiographic results were analyzed for posttreatment changes in arteriovenous transit time, vessel caliber, vessel leakage, peripheral capillary nonperfusion, @entity5861 , and nerve @entity1188 . RESULTS: In both eyes, there were no changes detected in the arteriovenous transit time or peripheral capillary nonperfusion after anti- @entity7 therapy. A reduction in @entity548 and nerve @entity1188 was observed at 7 days and 35 days after treatment in the @entity1 with CRVO and at 30 days after treatment in the @entity1 with BRVO. A decrease in vessel caliber was observed at 7 days after treatment in the @entity1 with CRVO and at 30 days after treatment in the @entity1 with BRVO. In the @entity1 with CRVO, an increase in vessel caliber with a recurrence of vascular leakage was noted at the visit on Day 35. CONCLUSION: Anti- @entity7 therapy in the setting of @entity2994 may initially decrease vessel caliber, @entity5861 , and nerve @entity1188 but does not appear to affect arteriovenous transit time or areas of peripheral capillary nonperfusion after a single treatment. The beneficial effects of anti- @entity7 therapy in @entity2994 appear transient, and multiple injections may be required for control of @entity1103 . Ultra wide-field angiography can be a useful tool in monitoring the treatment of @entity2994 .

title: Effects of intravitreal anti- XXXX treatment on retinal vasculature in @entity2994 as determined by ultra wide-field @entity941 angiography.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['intraretinal hemorrhages']

entities_list: @entity7 :: ('7422', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor', 'VEGF']

entities_list: @entity2994 :: ('MESH:D012170', 'Disease') :: ['retinal vein occlusion', 'RVO']

entities_list: @entity1103 :: ('MESH:D008269', 'Disease') :: ['macular edema']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['fiber layer infarcts']

entities_list: @entity5861 :: ('MESH:D012166', 'Disease') :: ['retinal hemorrhages']

entities_list: @entity941 :: ('MESH:D019793', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorescein']

answer: @entity7 :: (7422,Gene) :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: In October of 2001, after letters processed in Trenton, New Jersey, resulted in multiple cases of @entity6192 , @entity341 ( @entity341 ) in New Jersey experienced an increase in visits from @entity1 concerned about possible exposure to agents of biologic @entity13390 . Information about the effect of an actual biologic @entity13390 attack on the emergency department population might be useful in the design of biosurveillance systems, particularly with regard to their performance during the mitigation phase that occurs after an attack. In addition, such information might help identify issues that arise regarding the public health response in the @entity2613 setting. OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this report were to identify and characterize @entity2613 visits, by @entity1 concerned with exposure to biologic @entity13390 agents, in selected New Jersey hospitals after the @entity6192 attack in fall 2001. METHODS: A retrospective cohort design was used in this study. The setting was 15 New Jersey @entity341 within a 55-mile radius of Trenton. @entity1 were consecutive @entity1 evaluated by @entity2613 physicians for the following four periods in 2001: 1 month before September 11; 1 month after September 11; 1 month after October 11; and for the second month after October 11. Percentages of visits were calculated with a concern for exposure (CE) visits by using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD-9) descriptors: Feared Complaint-No Diagnosis (ICD-9 code v65.6) and Screening for @entity166 (ICD-9 code v75.9) for all hospitals and for Trenton versus non-Trenton hospitals as a percentage of @entity2613 visits. Charts were reviewed by using a structured data form. RESULTS: A total of 225,403 @entity2613 visits occurred during the 4 months, of which 698 were CE visits. The percentages of CE visits for the four periods were 0.06%, 0.06%, 0.92%, and 0.10%, respectively. For the peak third period, the percentage was increased for the two Trenton hospitals, 1.81%, versus 0.82% for the 13 non-Trenton hospitals. This report is a summary of the 508 visits associated with concern for @entity6192 exposure during the peak third period: 47% reported exposure to powder, 13% were postal workers, 4% received chest radiographs, 65% had a nasal swab for @entity6192 , 13% had @entity2613 decontamination, and 32% received antibiotics. CONCLUSION: An increase in CE visits occurred during the 1-month period after October 11, 2001. During the peak month, a higher increase occurred in Trenton @entity341 . Considering the substantial variation in diagnostic evaluation and treatment, readily available guidelines are needed.

title: Emergency department visits for concern regarding XXXX --New Jersey, 2001.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['emergency departments', 'EDs']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['Infectious Disease']

answer: @entity6192 :: (1392,Species) :: ['anthrax']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The occurrence of @entity1669 ( @entity1669 ) is known to have a major adverse effect on interferon (INF)-a treatment. The genetic variant of the @entity41711 ( @entity41711 ), a type 1 INF regulator, is associated with susceptibility to @entity1252 and @entity15 . In this study, we investigated possible associations of the @entity41711 polymorphisms, @entity60784 and @entity60785 , with @entity1669 in an ethnic Chinese population. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In total, 278 @entity1 with @entity2743 ( @entity2743 ) and 55 @entity1 with @entity2621 ( @entity2621 ), and 252 healthy controls were enrolled. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and direct sequencing were used for genotyping. RESULTS: Significantly lower frequencies of the GA genotype and A allele of @entity60784 were found in the @entity2621 group than in the control group (P  =  0  028, odds ratio (OR)  =  4  71 and P  =  0  022, OR  =  4  40, respectively). Both @entity60784 and @entity60785 were associated with the presence of an antimicrosomal antibody (AmiA), and @entity60785 was also associated with the presence of an antithyroglobulin antibody (ATA) in @entity1669 . Moreover, @entity60784 was associated with the level of AmiA in @entity1669 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity60784 of @entity41711 is a possible genetic variant associated with the development of @entity2621 . @entity60784 was associated with the production of thyroid antibody, and the GG genotype of @entity60784 was associated with a higher AmiA titre than the GA genotype.

title: Association of @entity41711 gene polymorphisms with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2743 :: ('MESH:D006111', 'Disease') :: ["Graves' disease", 'GD']

entities_list: @entity1669 :: ('MESH:D013967', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune thyroid disease', 'AITD']

entities_list: @entity2621 :: ('MESH:D050031', 'Disease') :: ["Hashimoto's thyroiditis", 'HT']

entities_list: @entity1252 :: ('MESH:D008180', 'Disease') :: ['systemic lupus erythematosus']

entities_list: @entity41711 :: ('3394', 'Gene') :: ['INF regulatory factor 8', 'IRF8']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['multiple sclerosis']

answer: @entity1669 :: (MESH:D013967,Disease) :: ['autoimmune thyroid disease']


abstract: PURPOSE: The Radiation Therapy Oncology Group 9804 study identified good-risk @entity1 with @entity3821 ( @entity3821 ), a @entity0 found frequently in mammographically detected @entity5 , to test the benefit of radiotherapy (RT) after breast-conserving surgery compared with observation. @entity1 AND METHODS: This prospective randomized trial (1998 to 2006) in @entity1 with mammographically detected low- or intermediate-grade @entity3821 , measuring less than 2.5 cm with margins >=  3 mm, compared RT with observation after surgery. The study was designed for 1,790 @entity1 but was closed early because of lower than projected accrual. Six hundred thirty-six @entity1 from the United States and Canada were entered; @entity440 use (62%) was optional. Ipsilateral local failure (LF) was the primary end point; LF and contralateral failure were estimated using cumulative incidence, and overall and disease-free survival were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS: Median follow-up time was 7.17 years (range, 0.01 to 11.33 years). Two LFs occurred in the RT arm, and 19 occurred in the observation arm. At 7 years, the LF rate was 0.9% (95% CI, 0.0% to 2.2%) in the RT arm versus 6.7% (95% CI, 3.2% to 9.6%) in the observation arm (hazard ratio, 0.11; 95% CI, 0.03 to 0.47; P < .001). Grade 1 to 2 acute @entity137 occurred in 30% and 76% of @entity1 in the observation and RT arms, respectively; grade 3 or 4 @entity137 occurred in 4.0% and 4.2% of @entity1 , respectively. Late RT @entity137 was grade 1 in 30%, grade 2 in 4.6%, and grade 3 in 0.7% of @entity1 . CONCLUSION: In this good-risk subset of @entity1 with @entity3821 , with a median follow-up of 7 years, the LF rate was low with observation but was decreased significantly with the addition of RT. Longer follow-up is planned because the timeline for LF in this setting seems protracted.

title: RTOG 9804: a prospective randomized trial for good-risk XXXX comparing radiotherapy with observation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity3821 :: ('MESH:D002285', 'Disease') :: ['ductal carcinoma in situ', 'DCIS']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity440 :: ('MESH:D013629', 'Chemical') :: ['tamoxifen']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer diagnosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers']

answer: @entity3821 :: (MESH:D002285,Disease) :: ['ductal carcinoma in situ']


abstract: @entity6977 ( @entity6977 ) is essential for T-cell development in the thymus and for the maintenance of peripheral T cells. @entity6977 signals through @entity6978 , that consists of the gammac-chain and an @entity7722 . Sequencing of @entity6978 has revealed the existence of four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) ( @entity57948 , @entity57949 , @entity57950 and @entity57951 ), which all give rise to @entity535 substitutions. The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate the significance of @entity6978 SNPs for the outcome in allogeneic @entity8 ( @entity8 ). @entity6978 polymorphisms were determined in 195 recipient and donor pairs from either matched sibling donors or matched unrelated donors (MUD). Genotyping of 173 normal controls was performed in parallel. In MUD transplants, the +1237 genotype of the donor was associated with survival after @entity8 , the mortality being highest and intermediate for the GG and AG genotypes, respectively (P = 0.023). This pattern was more pronounced with respect to treatment-related mortality (P = 0.003), while @entity6978 genotypes were unrelated to the risk of relapse of @entity1778 . The @entity6978 +1237 genotype of the recipient and the genotypes of the other three polymorphisms, were not significantly associated with the outcome of @entity8 . These findings suggest that the @entity6978 polymorphisms may be of importance for treatment-related mortality after @entity8 .

title: Genetic polymorphisms in the genes encoding human XXXX receptor-alpha: prognostic significance in allogeneic @entity8 .

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['stem cell transplantation', 'SCT']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino-acid']

entities_list: @entity1778 :: ('MESH:D007938', 'Disease') :: ['leukaemia']

answer: @entity6977 :: (3574,Gene) :: ['interleukin-7']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2971 ( @entity2971 ) of the mediastinum share similar clinical and biologic characteristics, which are different from their testicular counterpart. The purpose of the current study was to review the authors' institutional experience of mediastinal @entity2971 , emphasizing the clinical spectrum, time trends of treatment, and recent advances in therapeutic modalities for malignant @entity2971 . METHODS: Between 1951 and 2000, 129 @entity1 (70 males and 59 females) underwent surgical treatment for @entity2971 , which accounted for 16.0% of the mediastinal @entity5 during the same period. There were 95 @entity1 with mature @entity44 , 13 @entity1 with @entity4797 , and 21 @entity1 with @entity10711 ( @entity10711 ) with median ages of 26.4 years, 27.6 years, and 28.5 years, respectively. RESULTS: Adult @entity1 with mature @entity44 were less symptomatic (33.3%) than pediatric @entity1 (52.4%). All @entity1 with mature @entity44 were cured by resection alone. Eight of the 13 @entity1 (61.5%) with @entity4797 were symptomatic and 10 of 13 @entity1 (83.3%) survived after surgery and radiation with/without chemotherapy. Nineteen of 21 @entity1 (90.5%) with @entity10711 had @entity1353 , @entity662 , and superior @entity4264 . Before 1985, @entity1 received radical resection and/or chemoradiotherapy. However, all @entity1 died due to disease progression, with a median survival period of 7.6 months. After 1986, six of eight @entity1 received @entity900 -based chemotherapy, including three who received additional high-dose chemotherapy with a supporting peripheral blood stem cell transplantation until @entity5 markers normalized. Five @entity1 who underwent salvage resection are currently disease free with a median survival period of 58.3 months. CONCLUSIONS: The institutional experience indicates the benign nature of mediastinal mature @entity44 and the excellent prognosis for @entity1 with @entity4797 after resection. An improved survival advantage was ensured with @entity900 -based preoperative chemotherapy in @entity1 with @entity10711 .

title: XXXX in the mediastinum: a 50-year experience at a single Japanese institution.

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['chest pain']

entities_list: @entity4264 :: ('MESH:D013479', 'Disease') :: ['vena cava syndrome']

entities_list: @entity2971 :: ('MESH:D009373', 'Disease') :: ['Primary germ cell tumors', 'GCT']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity10711 :: ('MESH:C537844', 'Disease') :: ['NSGCT', 'nonseminomatous germ cell tumors']

entities_list: @entity4797 :: ('MESH:D018239', 'Disease') :: ['seminomas', 'seminoma']

entities_list: @entity44 :: ('MESH:D013724', 'Disease') :: ['teratoma', 'teratomas']

answer: @entity2971 :: (MESH:D009373,Disease) :: ['Primary germ cell tumors']


abstract: A prospective study was undertaken to evaluate @entity16 in @entity1241 . Fifty-two @entity1 (38 @entity1 and 14 @entity1 ) with @entity1241 underwent manometric and electromyographic evaluation (measurement of pudendal nerve terminal motor latency [PNTML] and sphincter muscle mapping). The average age of all @entity1 was 54 +/- 17 years. Fifty-two percent (27/52) were found to have a @entity16 (PNTML > 2.1 milliseconds). Seventeen of these 27 @entity1 (63 percent) had a bilateral @entity16 . @entity1 with a @entity16 were older than those without a @entity16 (63.7 years vs. 51.9 years; P = 0.01). @entity1 were significantly more likely than @entity1 to have a @entity16 (P = 0.03). Nine @entity1 had an anatomic sphincter defect identified, and six of these (67 percent) had a @entity16 ; 4/6 (67 percent) had a bilateral @entity16 . In the 43 @entity1 who did not have an anatomic sphincter defect, there was no difference in resting pressure (69 mmHg vs. 60 mmHg; P = 0.4) or maximum @entity2472 (95 mmHg vs. 86 mmHg; P = 0.5) when @entity1 without a @entity16 were compared with those with a @entity16 . @entity1 with a @entity16 had a shorter sphincter length than those without a @entity16 (3.0 cm vs. 3.9 cm; P = 0.01). @entity16 tended to occur more frequently in @entity1 (P = 0.08) and was not associated with poorer resting pressure, maximum @entity2472 , or shorter sphincter length. We conclude that @entity16 is a common cause of @entity1241 , particularly in older @entity1 , and frequently occurs in association with a sphincter defect. Manometric evaluation alone is not helpful in identifying the @entity1109 @entity1 . PNTMLs should be routinely measured in the evaluation of @entity1241 .

title: XXXX and the importance of EMG evaluation of @entity1241 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'Women', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['Bilateral pudendal neuropathy', 'pudendal neuropathy', 'neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathic']

entities_list: @entity1241 :: ('MESH:D005242', 'Disease') :: ['fecal incontinence']

entities_list: @entity2472 :: ('MESH:C536214', 'Disease') :: ['voluntary contraction']

answer: @entity16 :: (MESH:D009422,Disease) :: ['Pudendal neuropathy']