abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the patterns and diagnostic value of @entity346 ( @entity346 ) in @entity1 with @entity697 . METHOD: Eighteen @entity1 underwent evaluation of spontaneous @entity346 , @entity346 , @entity346 , head impulse test, ocular tilt reaction, subjective visual vertical, bithermal caloric tests, and pure-tone audiogram. The findings were compared with those of 21 @entity1 with @entity11389 . RESULTS: Fifteen @entity1 (83%) exhibited @entity346 , and the horizontal @entity346 usually beat contralesionally (10/14, 71%). However, 9 (50%) @entity1 also showed patterns of central @entity346 that included perverted @entity346 (n=7), @entity346 in the opposite direction of spontaneous @entity346 (n=4), and @entity346 beating towards unilateral canal paresis or abnormal head impulse testing (n=3). Overall, central @entity346 , @entity346 , and normal head impulse testing were specific for anterior @entity5487 (AICA) @entity1188 . Moreover, central @entity346 was the only sign that indicated @entity64 in 1 of our @entity1 with @entity3491 . Lesion subtraction analyses revealed that damage to the flocculus was relatively frequent in @entity1 with perverted @entity346 . CONCLUSIONS: In AICA @entity1188 , @entity346 was common with both peripheral and central patterns. Careful evaluation of @entity346 may provide clues for AICA @entity1188 in @entity1 with @entity697 .

title: Head-shaking aids in the diagnosis of XXXX due to anterior @entity1188 .

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute audiovestibular loss']

entities_list: @entity11389 :: ('MESH:D007762', 'Disease') :: ['labyrinthitis']

entities_list: @entity3491 :: ('MESH:C580334', 'Disease') :: ['isolated audiovestibular syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarction']

entities_list: @entity5487 :: ('MESH:D014854', 'Disease') :: ['inferior cerebellar artery']

entities_list: @entity346 :: ('MESH:D009759', 'Disease') :: ['gaze-evoked nystagmus', 'HSN', 'head-shaking nystagmus', 'nystagmus']

answer: @entity697 :: (MESH:D000208,Disease) :: ['acute audiovestibular loss']


abstract: We have previously reported that disease mimicking @entity1 @entity234 can be established in @entity44375 , the Indian langur monkey, following a single intravenous challenge of 10(8) @entity3911 amastigotes. In the present report, @entity281 was assessed in monkeys infected intravenously with a single dose of 10(8) amastigotes (HDA group), three weekly doses of 10(7) amastigotes (LDA group) and three weekly doses of 5 x 10(7) promastigotes (HDP group). @entity922 was established in all three groups with significant parasite load. There was a gradual and sustained rise in anti- @entity3911 specific immunoglobulin G response, and a severe fall in the lymphoproliferative response to the T cell mitogens PHA and Con A by day 80 post @entity281 (p.i.). The antibody level remained elevated until @entity204 in monkeys of the HDA and HDP groups; the T-cell responses showed a recovery prior to @entity204 . T-cell responses to @entity3911 antigen, however, could not be demonstrated in any of these monkeys prior to @entity204 . One monkey of the LDA group survived for 155 days and two monkeys spontaneously eradicated the @entity281 . Surprisingly, one monkey of the HDA group also achieved spontaneous cure. In the three monkeys which eradicated @entity281 spontaneously, the antibody level declined to baseline levels on day 180 p.i. with a well demonstrable antigen specific lymphoproliferative response; no parasites could be demonstrated in splenic aspirates by direct examination of culture. These data demonstrate that disease severity may be the function of the total inoculum dose rather than the stage of the parasite and that the immunological responses in the Indian langur model parallel the reported changes in @entity1 @entity234 . This makes the langur a potentially useful model for the evaluation of candidate anti-leishmanial drugs and vaccines.

title: XXXX : cellular and humoral immune responses in Indian langur monkeys, @entity44375 .

entities_list: @entity44375 :: ('88029', 'Species') :: ['Presbytis entellus']

entities_list: @entity234 :: ('MESH:D007898', 'Disease') :: ['visceral leishmaniasis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity3911 :: ('5661', 'Species') :: ['Leishmania donovani', 'leishmania']

entities_list: @entity922 :: ('MESH:D013568', 'Disease') :: ['Typical clinical infection']

answer: @entity3911 :: (5661,Species) :: ['Leishmania donovani']


abstract: QUESTION: To date little is known about the influence of variable rescue (i.e. transportation/preclinical care) and clinical care times on the clinical progress and outcome of @entity1 suffering injuries ranging from average to severe. Having examined this question within the framework of an ongoing study of @entity130 , we present the first provisional results and compare them with existing documentation. METHOD: Since 15 June 1990, all cases of @entity1230 have been recorded in a @entity130 register. The present interim investigation of 143 @entity1 covers a period of 13.5 months. We have recorded the rescue and clinical care times and compared them with survival, disability, complications and length of stay in hospital or intensive care unit. RESULTS: 106 (74%) of the total of 143 @entity1 were operated on an average of 5.5 hours after the accident. In cases of @entity510 , there was an average time lag of 220 minutes after the accident before the @entity1 could undergo surgery. Overall, 70% of the total rescue time was spent on medical attention and waiting time in the emergency unit. The secondary transfer rate is 46%. In the case of 4 @entity1 , it is possible that the delays involved contributed appreciably to mortality (19%. i.e. 4/21). Generally, however, no coherent and conclusive correlation could be established between prolonged rescue and clinical care times and a worsened outcome. False negative results cannot be totally excluded, since the classification of the individual degree of injury by means of ISS and TRISS is unreliable, the variable quality of medical care prior to arrival at our emergency unit has not been taken into account, and the case figures are low (possibly of a large-scale beta error). CONCLUSIONS: The database for the assessment of standard times is still inadequate. For a reliable analysis, a total number of at least 500 @entity1 is necessary (beta error acceptable). Our own data and the meagre results of other studies support the supposition that it is not the absolute time-lapse which has prognostic significance but the qualified medical assistance provided within a critical, individual, but extremely variable time-span. The increased employment of highly qualified emergency staff and a more efficient "triage", in the sense of a clearly directed @entity130 regionalization, could thus lead to optimization of @entity130 care.

title: [The effect of first aid and care times on the clinical course and treatment results in XXXX . Initial interim results of an interdisciplinary @entity130 registry in the St. Gallen district hospital].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1230 :: ('MESH:D009104', 'Disease') :: ['multiple injury']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial or intraabdominal bleeding']

answer: @entity1230 :: (MESH:D009104,Disease) :: ['multiple trauma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Development of @entity14 ( @entity14 ) involves sequential transformation of normal mucosal tissues into benign @entity652 and then @entity652 into @entity5 . The identification of genes crucial for @entity5 in @entity2513 ( @entity2513 ) has been based primarily on cross-sectional observations. In this study, we identified relevant genes using autologous samples. By performing genome-wide SNP genotyping and RNA sequencing analysis of @entity420 , @entity6523 , and non-neoplastic colon tissues (referred as tri-part samples) from individual @entity1 , we identified 68 genes with differential copy number alterations and progressively dysregulated expression. @entity875 , @entity39002 , and @entity39003 protein levels were sequentially up-regulated in the samples, and this overexpression was associated with @entity1344 ( @entity1344 ). Knockdown of @entity39002 in @entity14 cells dramatically reduced cell growth rates and increased apoptosis. Depletion of @entity39002 or @entity39003 induced G2/M arrest and decreased migration, invasion, and anchorage-independent growth. @entity875 and @entity39003 are thus critical for chromosome 20q amplification-associated @entity5 in @entity20171 . Moreover, @entity39002 at chromosome 13q was identified as a novel gene involved in promoting @entity5 . Evaluating the expression of these genes may help identify @entity1 with progressive @entity652 , helping to improve treatment.

title: Over-expression of @entity875 , XXXX and @entity39003 contributes to @entity2513 progression.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1344 :: ('MESH:D043171', 'Disease') :: ['chromosome instability', 'CIN']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant tumors', 'malignant transformation']

entities_list: @entity6523 :: ('MESH:D018256', 'Disease') :: ['adenomatous polyps']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['CRC', 'colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['adenomas']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinomas']

entities_list: @entity2513 :: ('MESH:C563365', 'Disease') :: ['CRAs', 'colorectal adenomas']

answer: @entity39002 :: (221150,Gene) :: ['SKA3']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although @entity295 -induced organ failure is a major cause of @entity204 in ICU worldwide, the associated mitochondrial dysfunction is not fully characterized and there is presently no evidence of causality. In this study, we examined whether a central factor in septic plasma could directly affect respiratory function of healthy @entity35 muscle mitochondria. METHODS: ICU @entity1 with severe @entity295 or @entity326 were recruited within 24  h of admission together with age-matched controls. Blood samples were centrifuged and immediately frozen. Two trials were performed, and mitochondrial respiration was analyzed using an Oxygraph chamber with a Clark-electrode. (1) Isolated mitochondria from the @entity35 skeletal muscle were divided and incubated for 30  min with plasma from @entity1 or postoperative controls (n   =   10). Respiration was normalized for @entity3736 synthase activity. (2) Permeabilized muscle fibers from @entity35 were divided and incubated with plasma from @entity1 or healthy controls, for 30 and 120  min, and analyzed for mitochondrial respiration (n   =   10). Respiration was normalized for wet weight. Primary outcome was state 3 respiration, corresponding to the maximal respiration initiated by @entity857 and energy substrates ( @entity5910 and @entity2388 ). T test was used for statistical comparison. RESULTS: No differences in respiratory function of the mitochondria were seen between the groups in either of the experiments. (1) State 3 respiration of isolated mitochondria were 19.9        6.7 vs. 20.2        8.8  nmol  @entity3612   *   U  CS(-1)   *   min(-1) for @entity295 vs. control, respectively. (2) State 3 respiration for fibers incubated with septic and control plasma were after 30  min 2.6        0.3 vs. 2.4        0.7 and after 120  min 2.5        0.4 vs. 2.5        0.6  nmol  @entity3612   *   mg   *   w.w(-1)   *   min(-1). Respiratory control ratios were good in all experiments (8.8-11.2), ensuring functioning mitochondria. CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that muscle mitochondria are not directly influenced by a factor in plasma of septic @entity1 . The effects seen in mitochondrial function in @entity295 may rather be a result of intracellular processes and signaling, such as e.g., production of reactive @entity26 species.

title: The effect of plasma from septic ICU @entity1 on healthy XXXX muscle mitochondria.

entities_list: @entity326 :: ('MESH:D012772', 'Disease') :: ['septic shock']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity2388 :: ('MESH:D019289', 'Chemical') :: ['pyruvate']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: Randomized trials are the optimal approach for evaluations of treatment efficacy but may not always be feasible. We study the adequacy of the case-control design in evaluating efficacy in a situation where the investigated therapy, namely the administration of @entity2399 for the prevention of @entity3036 in @entity1 with @entity1468 , has a suspected strong protective effect. A total of 66 cases of @entity3036 were ascertained from among deliveries occurring between 1977 and 1992 at two hospitals in Houston, Texas. Randomly selected preeclamptic controls were matched to cases based on hospital and month of delivery. @entity2399 administration prior to @entity410 occurrence had a strong protective effect against @entity3036 in @entity1 with @entity1468 (OR, 0.02; 95% CI, 0.01-0.05). This protective effect remained when controls were stratified by the degree of severity of @entity1468 (mild-to-moderate OR, 0.03, 95% CI, 0.01-0.09 and severe OR, 0.005; 95% CI, 0.0005-0.04) and when cases were stratified by the timing of the first @entity410 (antepartum and intrapartum @entity410 OR, 0.01; 95% CI, 0.003-0.05 and postpartum @entity410 OR, 0.03; 95% CI, 0.005-0.15). The effect also remained after adjustment for other important predictors in a multivariate logistic regression model (OR, 0.11; 95% CI, 0.03-0.38). The results of this study are in support of a recent randomized trial on the efficacy of @entity2399 as a prophylactic agent against @entity3036 . Although there are serious potential sources of bias in this study, the magnitude of the protective effect of @entity2399 minimizes the likelihood that this effect can be explained by bias. Observational studies could be appropriate complements or alternatives to randomized trials in situations where a strong treatment effect is expected.

title: A case-control evaluation of treatment efficacy: the example of @entity2399 prophylaxis against XXXX in @entity1 with @entity1468 .

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'seizures']

entities_list: @entity2399 :: ('MESH:D008278', 'Chemical') :: ['magnesium sulfate', 'Magnesium sulfate']

entities_list: @entity3036 :: ('MESH:D004461', 'Disease') :: ['eclampsia']

entities_list: @entity1468 :: ('MESH:D011225', 'Disease') :: ['preeclampsia']

answer: @entity3036 :: (MESH:D004461,Disease) :: ['eclampsia']


abstract: Elevated interstitial fluid pressure (IFP) in solid @entity5 may reduce the effect of systemically administered anticancer drugs. Modulation of the @entity5 extracellular matrix might reduce the elevated IFP. To study the influence of the microenvironment, the IFP was measured in @entity1 @entity421 xenografts grown both subcutaneously and orthotopically. The IFP response was recorded in xenografts grown at both sites after direct intratumoral injection of @entity291 testicular hyaluronidase (500 or 1600 units in 50 microliters saline). Control @entity5 received 50 microliters saline alone or 10% bovine serum albumin in saline. IFP was measured centrally in the @entity5 using the wick-in-needle technique, and mean arterial blood pressure was monitored after carotid cannulation. Tumor tissue sections were stained with hyaluronectin and analyzed for hyaluronan content using confocal laser scanning fluorescence microscopy. The baseline IFP was significantly higher in orthotopic (30 +/- 9 mmHg, n = 30) compared with subcutaneous @entity5 (17 +/- 6 mmHg, n = 11) of comparable sizes (p < 0.001). Injection of hyaluronidase reduced the IFP in both @entity5 models to 61-81% compared with controls 1 h after injection (p < 0.05), without affecting the mean arterial blood pressure significantly. The hyaluronan staining intensity increased in subcutaneous @entity5 sections, but remained unchanged in @entity5 sections 1 h after injection of 1600 units of hyaluronidase. The IFP was restored within 48 h after hyaluronidase injection. Interestingly, IFP increased with @entity5 volume in @entity5 , but not in subcutaneous @entity5 . In conclusion, intratumoral hyaluronidase injection reduces the IFP transiently in solid @entity421 xenografts. Furthermore, this study emphasizes that physiological parameters might differ significantly between @entity1 @entity421 xenografts grown subcutaneously versus orthotopically in @entity19 .

title: Interstitial fluid pressure in @entity1 XXXX xenografts: significance of implantation site and the response to intratumoral injection of hyaluronidase.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'orthotopic tumor', 'orthotopic tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity421 :: ('MESH:D012516', 'Disease') :: ['osteosarcoma']

answer: @entity421 :: (MESH:D012516,Disease) :: ['osteosarcoma']


abstract: @entity44222 ( @entity44223 )--a synthetic mitotic inhibitor that binds to tubulin at the colchicine binding site--has significant activity against a broad spectrum of @entity5 models and greater in vitro cytotoxicity when given over > 24 hours than 4 hours or less. Phase I studies demonstrated central nervous system (CNS) @entity137 to be dose-limiting when @entity44222 was administered as a 24-hour infusion. When a 72-hour infusion was given, CNS @entity137 was reduced and @entity3028 became the dose-limiting @entity137 . In this phase II study, @entity44222 , 4.5 mg/m2, was administered as a 24-hour continuous intravenous infusion for 3 consecutive days and repeated every 21 days. Fourteen @entity1 who had measurable metastatic @entity14 were entered in the trial. Eight @entity1 had received one prior chemotherapy regimen for metastatic disease. @entity1 were prospectively monitored by neurologic examinations and neuropsychologic assessment of cognitive functioning. No complete or partial responses were observed. Grade 4 @entity3028 was the dose-limiting @entity137 . Reversible declines in recent memory function were noted in all @entity1 . After each course of @entity44222 , there were also transient non-significant declines in motor coordination, compared with the preinfusion assessment. At the stated dose and schedule, @entity44222 lacks activity in metastatic @entity14 . The agent's @entity137 profile ( @entity3028 and CNS effects) was comparable with previously described effects of this agent.

title: Phase II trial of intravenous XXXX ( @entity44223 ) in @entity1 with metastatic @entity14 . Model for prospective evaluation of neurotoxicity.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer', 'colorectal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3028 :: ('MESH:D000380', 'Disease') :: ['granulocytopenia']

answer: @entity44222 :: (MESH:C072383,Chemical) :: ['CI-980']


abstract: Objective: To evaluate the effect of autograft bone, allograft bone, @entity77 bone cement, and @entity78 bone cement on the repair of tibial @entity154 in @entity95 . Methods: We used autograft bone, allograft bone, @entity77 bone cement, and @entity78 bone cement to repair tibial @entity154 in @entity95 . Gross and histologic observations, X-ray examination, and biomechanical test were conducted at 1, 2, 4, 8 weeks after operation. Results: X-ray examination found that the bone density was evidently reduced in @entity77 group at 8 weeks after operation; there were no marked changes in other groups. The maximal load measurements showed that autograft and allograft groups were greater than @entity77 and @entity78 groups at 1 and 2 weeks after operation. However at 4 and 8 weeks after operation, no significant difference was found among the four groups. In autograft and allograft groups, there was no significant difference in biomechanical intensity at 2, 4, and 8 weeks, but it was significantly higher than that at 1 week. In @entity77 and @entity78 groups, the outcome was ranked in descending order as 1 week less than 2 week less than 4 week equal to 8 week. Histologic examination found a great amount of new bones at 8 week in both autograft and allograft groups. In @entity77 group, @entity77 was almost absorbed and there were numerous bone trabeculations. There was a large amount of unabsorbed @entity78 in @entity78 group. Conclusion: At 1-2 weeks postoperatively, the biomechanical intensity is higher in autograft and allograft groups than @entity77 and @entity78 groups, but after 4-8 weeks, there is no significant difference among groups. At 1-2 weeks, the biomechanical intensity in all groups is increased, but at 4-8 weeks, there is no significant increase. The rates of absorption and bone formation are quicker in @entity77 group than @entity78 group.

title: Experimental study on the repair of tibial XXXX .

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['plateau defect']

entities_list: @entity77 :: ('MESH:D002133', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium sulfate']

entities_list: @entity78 :: ('MESH:C020243', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium phosphate']

answer: @entity154 :: (MESH:D000013,Disease) :: ['plateau defect']


abstract: From July 1984 to December 1987, @entity2333 ( @entity2333 ) was attempted percutaneously to 22 @entity1 at the ages of 37-78 with @entity1455 or medically @entity712 complicating acute @entity583 (CS/MRHF-AMI). There was only one failure because of severe bilateral iliofemoral @entity731 . Of the 21 @entity1 undergoing @entity2333 , 17 were in @entity1455 and 13 of them showed reversal of @entity1457 after 10 to 48 hours of @entity2333 . Cardiac index increased from 1.91 +/- 0.43 to 2.45 +/- 0.43 L/min/M2 (P less than 0.005), spontaneous systolic arterial pressure rose from 79 +/- 10 to 114 +/- 19 mmHg (P = 0.0001), heart rate dropped from 111 +/- 26 to 85 +/- 13 beats/min (P = 0.0001), pulmonary artery wedge pressure decreased from 29 +/- 5 to 16 +/- 3 mmHg (P = 0.0001), and urine output increased from 7 +/- 10 to 79 +/- 22 ml/h (P = 0.0001). Twelve @entity1 , including 4 shock-free, were subsequently weaned from balloon assistance. Of these @entity1 , 8 (5 shock and 3 nonshock) were discharged from the hospital and followed-up for a mean period of 23 months (4 to 38 months). Of the surviving @entity1 , 4 underwent surgical reperfusion and/or infarctectomy during balloon support (n = 1) or after weaning from @entity2333 (n = 3). All of the 10 @entity1 who underwent coronary angiogram were found a severe @entity7244 . The main complication was @entity63 , which was observed in 7 @entity1 : 3 needed removal or replacement of balloon catheter and one required surgical removal of the @entity715 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Clinical experience with percutaneous XXXX in @entity1455 complicating acute @entity583 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['refractory heart failure']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['leg ischemia']

entities_list: @entity1457 :: ('MESH:D012769', 'Disease') :: ['shock syndrome']

entities_list: @entity7244 :: ('MESH:D020765', 'Disease') :: ['left anterior descending artery lesion']

entities_list: @entity2333 :: ('MESH:D001018', 'Disease') :: ['IABP', 'intra-aortic balloon pumping']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity1455 :: ('MESH:D012770', 'Disease') :: ['cardiogenic shock']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombus']

answer: @entity2333 :: (MESH:D001018,Disease) :: ['intra-aortic balloon pumping']


abstract: Angiogenesis is generally induced in the process of @entity32 and regeneration in @entity409 ( @entity409 ). Whereas @entity7 is a major humoral factor in relation to neo-vascularization, the receptor, @entity319 , is located in hepatocytes and sinusoid endothelial cells. The aim in this study is to investigate the significance of soluble form of @entity319 (sVEGFR-2) in various CLDs. A cross sectional study was conducted from 2010 to 2013 at Dr. Sardjito Hospital Yogyakarta, Indonesia. 149 @entity1 with @entity3619 ( @entity3619 ), @entity1575 ( @entity1575 ) or @entity157 ( @entity157 ) were enrolled in this study. sVEGFR-2 serum was examined using Quantikine  HS kit @entity1 immunoassay. Data were analyses by STATA (P value <0.05). The median of sVEGFR-2 was decreased according to the disease progression ( @entity1575 : 7014.95 pg/mL; @entity3619 : 8805.15 pg/mL; healthy subject: 9785.2 pg/mL). However, sVEGFR-2 in @entity157 (8043.73 pg/mL) was significantly higher than that in @entity1575 (P= 0.0059). Based on AUROC analyses, the clinical cut-off point of sVEGFR-2 with >80% sensitivity was used ( @entity3619 - @entity1575  <=7236.7, @entity1575 - @entity157 >= 7215). The odds ratio (OR) @entity1575 to @entity157 was 5.87 and @entity3619 to @entity1575 was 4.63. The significant correlations were showed significantly between sVEGFR-2 with MELD and ALT in @entity1575 , and with APRI and FIB-4 in @entity3619 . In conclusion, the serum sVEGFR-2 could be used as a predictive factor progressing @entity3619 to @entity1575 , but not @entity157 .

title: Soluble Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 as a Predictive Factor for Progression of Illness in Chronic XXXX and @entity157 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'human']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['necro-inflammation']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['CLD', 'chronic liver diseases']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'hepatocellular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1575 :: ('MESH:D008103', 'Disease') :: ['LC', 'liver cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity3619 :: ('MESH:D006521', 'Disease') :: ['CH', 'chronic hepatitis']

answer: @entity409 :: (MESH:D008107,Disease) :: ['Liver Diseases']


abstract: Electrofocusing patterns of plasma fucosyltransferases provide information concerning marrow status of @entity1 with @entity6961 . Three enzymes were detected in normal plasmas using an acceptor terminating in the sequence @entity3954 - @entity3649 . The enzyme which focused at pH 4.7 was elevated during rapid proliferation of myeloid cells, e.g., @entity3052 and certain @entity166 . Activity at pI = 5.1 was decreased in @entity3052 @entity1 , and from other observations, appears related to the level of erythropoietic activity. Acceptor studies show this enzyme to be specified by the H gene. A third enzyme focused at pH 5.5 and appeared to be correlated with a later step in granulocytes maturation. Two other plasma fucosyltransferases (pl = 5.6 and 8.3) were detected with a high-molecular-weight acceptor terminating in @entity3954 . This activity was markedly elevated during regeneration of a normal marrow population during drug-induced remission of @entity3052 . Additional isoenzymes were detected, using this acceptor, in plasma of @entity1 with certain @entity5 and @entity1582 . However, the new isoelectric points observed (pH 6.0, 6.9, and 7.8) suggest these enzymes are probably not derived from hematopoietic tissues.

title: Electrofocusing patterns of fucosyltransferases in plasma of @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3954 :: ('CHEBI:28009', 'Chemical') :: ['N-acetylglucosamine']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['solid tumors']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute myelogenous leukemias', 'acute myelogenous leukemia']

entities_list: @entity1582 :: ('MESH:D009101', 'Disease') :: ['multiple myeloma']

entities_list: @entity3649 :: ('MESH:D005690', 'Chemical') :: ['galactose']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['infectious diseases']

entities_list: @entity6961 :: ('MESH:D009196', 'Disease') :: ['myeloproliferative disorders']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['neoplastic disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The origin of eukaryotic histone modification enzymes still remains obscure. RESULTS: Prototypic @entity41845 / @entity41845 from Archaea targets chromatin proteins (Sul7d and Cren7) and shows increased activity on Sul7d, but not Cren7, in the presence of DNA. CONCLUSION: Promiscuous aKMT4 could be regulated by chromatin environment. SIGNIFICANCE: This study supports the prokaryotic origin model of eukaryotic histone methyltransferases and sheds light on chromatin dynamics in Archaea. Histone methylation is one of the major epigenetic modifications even in early diverging unicellular eukaryotes. We show that a widespread @entity376 methyltransferase from Archaea (aKMT4), bears striking structural and functional resemblance to the core of distantly related eukaryotic @entity41845 / @entity41845 . aKMT4 methylates a set of various proteins, including the chromatin proteins Sul7d and Cren7, and RNA exosome components. @entity41846 - and @entity21240 -exosome complexes are methylated in different patterns. aKMT4 can self-methylate intramolecularly and compete with other proteins for the @entity5498 group. Automethylation is inhibited by suitable substrates or DNA in a concentration-dependent manner. The automethylated enzyme shows relatively compromised activity. aKMT4-8A mutant with abrogated automethylation shows a more than 150% increase in methylation of substrates, suggesting a possible mechanism to regulate methyltransferase activity. More interestingly, methylation of Sul7d, but not Cren7, by aKMT4 is significantly enhanced by DNA. @entity15 / @entity15 and kinetic analysis further suggest that aKMT4 methylates Sul7d in the chromatin context. These data provide a clue to the possible regulation of aKMT4 activity by the local chromatin environment, albeit as a promiscuous enzyme required for extensive and variegated @entity376 methylation in Sulfolobus. This study supports the prokaryotic origin model of eukaryotic histone modification enzymes and sheds light on regulation of archaeal chromatin.

title: A prototypic XXXX methyltransferase 4 from archaea with degenerate sequence specificity methylates chromatin proteins Sul7d and Cren7 in different patterns.

entities_list: @entity376 :: ('CHEBI:25094', 'Chemical') :: ['lysine']

answer: @entity376 :: (CHEBI:25094,Chemical) :: ['lysine']


abstract: The authors report a clinical review of 16 childhood cases with @entity8658 @entity6447 with @entity38317 . The preservation of tendon reflexes distinguishes this disorder from @entity7960 . The mean age of onset of symptoms was 7.1 years. The main presenting symptom was abnormal gait (100%). Ataxia of gait and limbs and normal or increased tendon reflexes were found in all cases. This disorder is associated with @entity4653 , @entity9718 in the limbs, and in some instances, sensory loss. Other important differences from @entity7960 are absence of @entity1952 , @entity6 , @entity296 and severe @entity85 . Sensory nerve conduction was found to be normal, excluding one case. This finding constitutes another aspect of the syndrome different from Freidreich's @entity2055 . CT scans were normal in 2 of the 4 cases. The remaining two cases showed @entity76 . Inheritance is probably autosomal recessive in the majority of cases.

title: Early-onset XXXX with @entity38317 .

entities_list: @entity8658 :: ('MESH:C580055', 'Disease') :: ['early-onset']

entities_list: @entity7960 :: ('MESH:D005621', 'Disease') :: ["Friedreich's ataxia"]

entities_list: @entity9718 :: ('MESH:D015419', 'Disease') :: ['pyramidal signs']

entities_list: @entity1952 :: ('MESH:D009896', 'Disease') :: ['optic atrophy']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity38317 :: ('MESH:C535633', 'Disease') :: ['retained tendon reflexes']

entities_list: @entity76 :: ('MESH:D002526', 'Disease') :: ['cerebellar atrophy']

entities_list: @entity6447 :: ('MESH:D002524', 'Disease') :: ['cerebellar ataxia']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['skeletal deformity']

entities_list: @entity4653 :: ('MESH:D004401', 'Disease') :: ['dysarthria']

answer: @entity6447 :: (MESH:D002524,Disease) :: ['cerebellar ataxia']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity84 is a rare @entity5 accounting for 1% of primary @entity3478 . @entity84 involving the skull base is exceedingly rare with approximately 60 cases reported. We reviewed our experience with @entity84 of the skull base with an emphasis on current lateral skull base approaches and long-term @entity5 control. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: A retrospective case review at a tertiary neurotology private practice group was performed over a 20-year period. Five @entity1 were identified with skull base @entity84 . All @entity1 underwent surgical intervention, and success of surgery was determined by disease-free status at last follow-up. Mean follow-up time was 5.8 years. RESULTS: Two @entity1 underwent @entity5 removal as primary therapy. One @entity1 underwent partial @entity5 removal at an outside institution, and follow-up magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated rapid growth of @entity41 . This @entity1 was successfully treated with gross total @entity41 with an infratemporal craniotomy approach. Near @entity5 removal was performed in two @entity1 because of intimate involvement of vital structures. At last follow-up, no @entity1 had radiographic evidence of @entity5 recurrence. There were no significant @entity260 . CONCLUSIONS: Gross total or near total resection of skull base @entity84 through lateral skull base approaches results in long-term @entity5 control and low complication rates.

title: Surgical management of skull base XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity41 :: ('MESH:D018365', 'Disease') :: ['residual tumor', 'removal of residual tumor']

entities_list: @entity3478 :: ('MESH:D001859', 'Disease') :: ['bone tumors']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'total tumor', 'gross tumor']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity84 :: ('MESH:D002804', 'Disease') :: ['Chondroblastoma', 'chondroblastomas', 'chondroblastoma']

answer: @entity84 :: (MESH:D002804,Disease) :: ['chondroblastoma']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Despite significant progress in the last decade, islet transplantation remains an experimental therapy for a limited number of @entity1 with type 1 @entity6 . Tissue-engineered approaches may provide promising alternatives to the current clinical protocol and would benefit greatly from concurrent development of graft quality assessment techniques. This study was designed to evaluate whether viability of tissue-engineered islet grafts can be assessed using @entity2862 magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( @entity25279 -MRS), by the noninvasive measurement of @entity26 partial pressure @entity4095 and the subsequent calculation of islet @entity26 consumption rate (OCR). METHODS: Scaffolds composed of porcine plasma were seeded with @entity1 islets and @entity20382 . Each graft was covered with the same volume of culture media in a Petri dish. Four scaffolds were seeded with various numbers (0-8000) of islet equivalents (IE) aliquoted from the same preparation. After randomizing run order, grafts were examined by @entity25279 -MRS at 37  C using a 5T spectrometer and a single-loop surface coil placed underneath. A standard inversion recovery sequence was used to obtain characteristic @entity25279 spin-lattice relaxation times (T1), which were converted to steady-state average pO(2) estimates using a previously determined linear calibration (R(2) = 1.000). Each condition was assessed using replicate @entity25279 -MRS measurements (n = 6-8). RESULTS: Grafts exhibited IE dose-dependent increases in T1 and decreases in pO(2) estimates. From the difference between scaffold pO(2) estimates and ambient pO(2), the islet preparation OCR was calculated to be 95    12 (mean    standard error of the mean) nmol/(min  mg DNA) using theoretical modeling. This value compared well with OCR values measured using established methods for @entity1 islet preparations. CONCLUSIONS: @entity25279 -MRS can be used for noninvasive pre- and possibly posttransplant assessment of tissue-engineered islet graft viability by estimating the amount of viable, @entity26 -consuming tissue in a scaffold.

title: Assessment of tissue-engineered islet graft viability by XXXX magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity20382 :: ('MESH:C008805', 'Chemical') :: ['perfluorodecalin']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity2862 :: ('MESH:D005461', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorine']

answer: @entity2862 :: (MESH:D005461,Chemical) :: ['fluorine']


abstract: A distinct morphologic and molecular phenotype has been reported for @entity5345 -associated @entity0 ; however, the phenotype of @entity2674 -associated @entity0 is less certain. To comprehensively characterize @entity2674 -associated @entity0 we performed a retrospective case control study using @entity5 accrued through the Breast Cancer Family Registry. We examined the @entity5 morphology and hormone receptor status in 157 @entity0 with germline mutations in @entity2674 and 314 control @entity5 negative for @entity5345 and @entity2674 mutations that were matched for age and ethnicity. Tissue microarrays were constructed from 64 @entity2674 -associated and 185 control @entity5 . Tissue microarray sections were examined for @entity1722 protein overexpression, @entity876 status and the expression of basal markers, luminal markers, @entity4910 , @entity588 , and @entity1758 by immunohistochemistry. The majority of @entity2674 -associated @entity5 and control @entity5 were invasive ductal, no @entity5 . In contrast to control @entity5 , @entity2674 -associated @entity5 were more likely to be high grade (P<0.0001) and to have @entity5 margins (P=0.0005). Adjusting for grade, @entity2674 -associated @entity5 were more often @entity172 receptor positive (P=0.008) and exhibited a luminal phenotype (P=0.003). They were less likely than controls to express the basal cytokeratin @entity4205 (P=0.03) or to overexpress @entity1722 protein (P=0.06). There was no difference in @entity876 , @entity588 , @entity1758 , or @entity4910 expression between @entity2674 -associated and control @entity5 . We have demonstrated, in the largest series of @entity2674 -associated @entity0 studied to date, that these @entity5 are predominantly high-grade invasive @entity513 of no special type and they demonstrate a luminal phenotype despite their high histologic grade.

title: @entity2674 mutation-associated XXXX exhibit a distinguishing phenotype based on morphology and molecular profiles from tissue microarrays.

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['hereditary breast cancers', 'breast cancers']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'pushing tumor', 'cancers', 'special-type tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity513 :: ('MESH:D044584', 'Disease') :: ['ductal carcinomas']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancers']


abstract: Lumbal spinal @entity850 is gaining more and more clinical relevance because of changing population structure and increasing demand on lifequality in the elderly. Current treatment recommendations are based on clinical experience, expert opinions and single studies rather than on proven evidence. The radiologic degree of @entity850 does not correlate with the @entity1 ' clinical situation. It is not the main factor indicating surgery but rather the typical history and @entity613 . Symptomatic @entity1 with light to moderate complaints should undergo multimodal conservative treatment. Epidural injections, delordosating physiotherapy and medication are useful. In @entity1 with severe symptomatic @entity850 surgery is indicated after a conservative treatment of 3 months. Relevant pareses or a @entity1971 are absolute indications for surgery. The general aim is to decompress sufficiently while maintaining or restoring segmental stability. A laminectomy is not necessarily required. In @entity1 with accompanying degenerative Meyerding grade I-II spondylolisthesis or instability in functional radiographs, fusion or dynamic stabilisation are recommended in addition to decompression, depending on the @entity1 's age and activity level.

title: [Lumbar spinal XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1971 :: ('MESH:D011128', 'Disease') :: ['cauda equina syndrome']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

entities_list: @entity613 :: ('MESH:D007383', 'Disease') :: ['spinal claudication']

answer: @entity850 :: (MESH:D003251,Disease) :: ['stenosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1133 transport depends on the diffusion through cell membrane and the facilitated @entity1133 transport. Two groups of @entity1133 transporters (UT-A and @entity24339 ) have been identified in mammals, and both are involved in intrarenal recycling of @entity1133 . The aim of our study was to examine the renal @entity1133 handling in @entity35 with @entity177 ( @entity177 ). METHODS: @entity177 @entity35 were induced by 5/6 nephrectomy followed by a high-protein (HP) diet to increase the progressive @entity177 for 5 months. Functional studies on water and @entity1133 handling were performed. RT-PCR, immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry were used to identify UT-A proteins in remnant kidney. RESULTS: A significant decrease in @entity1011 clearance consistent with development of @entity177 was observed. The remnant kidneys were @entity1184 , and total renal mass was increased. Urine production increased markedly, whereas urine osmolality and solute-free water reabsorption decreased significantly. Fractional @entity1133 excretion was increased reaching values of 105% -/+ 8%. UT-A protein was localized in pars recta by immunohistochemical studies, and it was identified as UT-A2 in outer medulla from remnant kidneys by RT-PCR and immunoblotting. CONCLUSION: In uremic @entity35 , an @entity1133 transporter type UT-A2 was expressed in the pars recta, suggesting a possible relation with the fractional @entity1133 excretion increase. This expression may be a consequence of an adaptive mechanism in the handling of @entity1133 during development of @entity177 . Further studies will be necessary to elucidate the contribution of this mechanism to renal damage observed in the progression of @entity177 .

title: UT-A expression in pars recta from a @entity35 model of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophied']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['loss of renal function', 'chronic renal failure', 'CRF']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

answer: @entity177 :: (MESH:D051437,Disease) :: ['chronic renal failure']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To assess the effectiveness of atrial septostomy by percutaneous @entity384 in @entity1 with @entity4297 or @entity120 . @entity1 AND DESIGN: Twenty three @entity1 (15 @entity1 , eight @entity1 ; aged 10 days to 10 years; 17 with @entity4297 and six with @entity120 ), all haemodynamically unstable under optimal medical treatment, underwent atrial septostomy by percutaneous @entity384 . INTERVENTIONS: The balloon catheter entered the left atrium through a @entity4616 (n = 14) or via transseptal puncture in cases with an intact atrial septum (n = 9). The size of the balloons used ranged from 13 to 18 mm. RESULTS: There were no complications. The interatrial communication (mm) increased (P < 0.05) after dilatation and remained unchanged (P = NS) during a 16.6 (13.8) month follow up (2 (1.7) v 8.8 (1.4) v 8.2 (1.1), respectively). Transatrial gradient (mm Hg) fell and arterial oxygenation (%) improved both in @entity1 with transposition (6.3 (0.8) v 0.8 (1) (P = 0.0001) and 40.6 (4.2) v 76.5 (4.8) (P = 0.0001), respectively) and in those with mitral @entity1146 (13.4 (1.9) v 2 (1.4) (P = 0.0001) and 77.1 (3.9) v 81.5 (4.2) (P = 0.008), respectively). There were two failures, one early and one late, both in the group of @entity1 with mitral @entity1146 or @entity850 . A decrease in arterial oxygenation (94.8 (1.5) v 83 (2.4), P = 0.004) and an increase in left atrial pressure (6.8 (0.9) v 8.3 (1.2), P = 0.02) and cardiac index (2.3 (0.2) v 3.1 (0.2) l/min/m2, P = 0.002) was observed in @entity1 with @entity120 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity384 is an effective and safe procedure for creating an adequate interatrial communication that can be used as an alternative to blade septostomy.

title: XXXX of the atrial septum: immediate and midterm results.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'boys', 'PATIENTS', 'girls']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['Percutaneous balloon dilatation', 'balloon dilatation']

entities_list: @entity120 :: ('MESH:D006976', 'Disease') :: ['primary pulmonary hypertension']

entities_list: @entity4616 :: ('MESH:D054092', 'Disease') :: ['patent foramen ovale']

entities_list: @entity4297 :: ('MESH:D006330', 'Disease') :: ['congenital heart defects']

answer: @entity384 :: (MESH:D002311,Disease) :: ['Percutaneous balloon dilatation']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: No single drug improves survival after @entity1167 , despite success in animal studies. We sought to determine the duration of @entity1167 after which maximal drug treatment and a @entity1457 would fail to achieve return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). DESIGN/SUBJECTS: Retrospective analysis of 271 @entity1707 (20-30 kg) resuscitation attempts during @entity2224 . Protocols were divided into five categories: immediate countershock, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) with standard-dose drugs, CPR alone, CPR and high-dose @entity1425 (CPR+HDE) (0.1 mg/kg), and CPR with a drug cocktail (CPR+DC) of @entity1169 (1 mg), @entity1425 ( @entity1425 ) (0.1 mg/kg) and vasopressin (40IU). Time to first CPR, time to first drug administration, time to first shock, and protocol were examined as predictors of ROSC using logistic regression with Hosmer-Lemeshow test of fit. Probability of ROSC was calculated from logistic curves. MAIN RESULTS: ROSC occurred in 119 of the 271 @entity1707 (44%). Time to first drug and the CPR+DC group were predictors of ROSC. Time to first CPR, the CPR+DC group, and the CPR+HDE group were also predictors of ROSC. Time to first @entity1457 , the CPR+DC group, and the CPR+HDE groups were predictors of ROSC. In the CPR+DC group, 50% ROSC occurred at a first CPR time of 13.4 min, first drug time of 14.1 min and first @entity1457 time of 17.5 min. CONCLUSIONS: Pre-shock delivery of CPR+DC increases the likelihood of ROSC, and reaches 50% with a time of drug delivery of 14.1 min. ROSC rates of 50% may be achievable using an optimized resuscitation in experimental CPR.

title: Association of delay to first intervention with return of spontaneous circulation in a @entity1707 model of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1169 :: ('MESH:D011433', 'Chemical') :: ['propanolol']

entities_list: @entity1457 :: ('MESH:D012769', 'Disease') :: ['rescue shock']

entities_list: @entity1425 :: ('MESH:D004837', 'Chemical') :: ['epinephrine', 'adrenaline']

entities_list: @entity2224 :: ('MESH:D014693', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrest', 'circulatory arrest']

answer: @entity1167 :: (MESH:D006323,Disease) :: ['cardiac arrest']


abstract: PURPOSE: Standard therapy for @entity5 ( @entity151 ) (American Joint Committee on Cancer stages I-III) is concurrent chemoradiation therapy (CRT) with @entity900 / @entity2879 (EP), but @entity3003 / @entity2879 (EC) is often used in clinical practice. Though a growing proportion of this disease is diagnosed in older @entity1 , there are limited studies of older @entity1 comparing @entity900 to @entity3003 . This study compared survival outcomes of elderly @entity1 with limited-stage @entity151 treated with concurrent EC or EP and radiation. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Limited-stage @entity151 diagnosed at ages 66 to 80 years during 1992 to 2007 were selected from the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results-Medicare database to compare EP with EC. Concurrent CRT was defined as starting radiation and @entity900 or @entity3003 within 14 days. Study endpoints were @entity1349 ( @entity1349 , time from diagnosis until @entity204 ) and @entity1349 ( @entity1349 , time from diagnosis until @entity204 from @entity2 ). RESULTS: Final analysis included 565 cases: 219 EP (39%) and 346 EC (61%), with median age 72 and gender ratio 1.0. A majority of the cases were stage III (85%). Median and 5-year @entity1349 were 13.8 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 11.4-15.0 months) and 10.2% (95% CI, 6.2-15.3%) for EP, versus 13.7 months (95% CI, 12.0-15.6 months) and 10.9% (95% CI, 7.6-14.8%) for EC (P = .51). @entity1349 were also similar (P = .91). @entity1349 and @entity1349 were not statistically different in single- or multivariable survival analysis. CONCLUSIONS: EC and EP had similar survival outcomes, suggesting EC could be used with (or instead of) EP as the standard of care, at least in the elderly population.

title: Comparison of @entity900 / @entity2879 versus @entity3003 / XXXX concurrent chemoradiation therapy for @entity5 ( @entity5 ) in the elderly population (age >65 years) using national SEER-Medicare data.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['limited-stage small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['carboplatin']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity2879 :: ('MESH:D005047', 'Chemical') :: ['etoposide']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'CSS', 'cause-specific survival', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity2879 :: (MESH:D005047,Chemical) :: ['etoposide']


abstract: @entity10751 ( @entity10751 ) is a rare @entity74 occurring in Ashkenazi Jews. It affects the autonomic, central, and peripheral nervous systems. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence and characteristics of @entity85 , other than @entity85 , in this population. A retrospective review of the medical records and radiographs of 182 @entity1 was made. Three main groups of orthopaedic conditions were evaluated: (a) @entity174 : 60% of the @entity1 had one or more @entity174 ; the average @entity174 rate was 1.4/ @entity1 . (b) @entity1109 : 11% of the cases had one or more @entity1109 , the knee being the most common. (c) Other @entity85 : 26% of the @entity1 had one or more @entity85 . @entity717 and foot anomalies accounted for most of these @entity85 . @entity1 with @entity10751 have a higher prevalence of @entity174 and @entity1109 than do their peers. The @entity174 pattern also is different, with a higher incidence of @entity3330 .

title: Nonspinal orthopaedic problems in XXXX ( @entity10751 ).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'Fractures', 'fracture']

entities_list: @entity10751 :: ('MESH:D004402', 'Disease') :: ['Familial dysautonomia', 'FD']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['Neuropathic joints', 'neuropathic joints']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['autosomal recessive disease']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['Lower extremity rotational problems']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['spinal deformities', 'deformities', 'orthopedic deformities', 'musculoskeletal deformities']

entities_list: @entity3330 :: ('MESH:D005264', 'Disease') :: ['proximal femoral fractures']

answer: @entity10751 :: (MESH:D004402,Disease) :: ['familial dysautonomia']


abstract: From November 1971 to November 1975, 27 @entity1 with @entity2971 of the ovary (excluding @entity5000 and @entity5 containing trophoblastic elements) were treated with @entity1891 , @entity4316 , and @entity786 ; 12 @entity1 received other therapy. Fourteen @entity5 were @entity2970 , two were @entity189 , 11 were mixed germ cell @entity5 and 12 were @entity44 . Of 23 @entity1 with surgically resected disease (Stages I-IIA) only seven have failed. Median follow-up for 16 @entity1 remaining free of disease is 24.5 months. Restaging (second-look) laparotomies were done in 15 @entity1 . Eight were negative. Fifteen of the @entity1 had @entity5 with endodermal sinus elements. Six of these have failed. Of 16 @entity1 with @entity1442 (Stage IIB, III and recurrent), eight have responded to chemotherapy, eight have failed. Median follow-up period for those remaining free of disease is 26.5 months. Six have had negative second-look surgery and one had mature @entity44 . Four of eight cases which contained endodermal sinus elements responded to chemotherapy and remain disease-free. Grade 3 hematologic @entity137 was seen in eight @entity1 , dose-limiting @entity344 in five @entity1 , dose-limiting @entity2359 in five @entity1 .

title: Treatment of malignant ovarian germ cell tumors: response to @entity1891 , XXXX , and @entity786 (preliminary report).

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity2971 :: ('MESH:D009373', 'Disease') :: ['malignant germ cell tumors']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity44 :: ('MESH:D013724', 'Disease') :: ['teratoma', 'immature teratomas']

entities_list: @entity2970 :: ('MESH:D018240', 'Disease') :: ['pure endodermal sinus tumors']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['embryonal carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity4316 :: ('MESH:D003609', 'Chemical') :: ['dactinomycin']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal toxicity']

entities_list: @entity2359 :: ('MESH:D020258', 'Disease') :: ['neurotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity1442 :: ('MESH:D020178', 'Disease') :: ['advanced disease']

entities_list: @entity1891 :: ('MESH:D014750', 'Chemical') :: ['vincristine']

entities_list: @entity5000 :: ('MESH:D004407', 'Disease') :: ['pure dysgerminoma']

answer: @entity4316 :: (MESH:D003609,Chemical) :: ['dactinomycin']


abstract: The entire experience of in @entity2735 @entity0 in Alberta from 1953 to 1984 was examined. Of 243 @entity1 coded, 226 were available for review by a panel of three pathologists. In 149 cases the diagnosis of in @entity2735 disease was confirmed. One hundred and eight @entity1 had 109 @entity513 in @entity2735 , 38 @entity1 had @entity1137 in @entity2735 , with 3 @entity1 having both. A multitude of treatments was used, ranging from local excision to radical mastectomy. Survival at a mean of 6 years follow-up was equal in all groups, with only two @entity1 with a confirmed diagnosis of @entity513 in @entity2735 dying from clinically suspected @entity262 . In @entity1 treated by local excision, @entity5 were seen in 12% of @entity513 in @entity2735 @entity1 who had local excision and 13% of @entity1 with @entity1137 in @entity2735 . Contralateral metachronous invasive @entity5 were seen in 6% of @entity513 in @entity2735 @entity1 and 3% of @entity1137 in @entity2735 @entity1 . No lymph node involvement was seen in any of these @entity1 , either with prophylactic dissection or in follow-up. The conclusion reached was that both in @entity2735 lesions are similar in their clinical course. Lymph node dissection is not necessary. Pathologic review is critical for accurate studies, with a change in diagnosis of 36% of diagnoses. Treatment does not appear to affect prognosis. The most appropriate treatment needs to be determined in prospective randomized trials.

title: Natural history of in XXXX @entity0 in a defined population.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1137 :: ('MESH:D018275', 'Disease') :: ['lobular carcinomas', 'lobular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['ipsilateral cancers', 'cancers']

entities_list: @entity262 :: ('MESH:D034721', 'Disease') :: ['systemic disease']

entities_list: @entity513 :: ('MESH:D044584', 'Disease') :: ['ductal carcinomas', 'ductal carcinoma']

answer: @entity2735 :: (MESH:D002278,Disease) :: ['situ']


abstract: As an adjunct to a meta-analysis of chemotherapy for @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ), a survey was conducted in England and Wales of clinicians' views on the role of chemotherapy in @entity1149 and the benefits it would have to offer to lead them to change their practice. Radiotherapists, medical oncologists, surgeons and physicians specializing in thoracic medicine, and physicians of palliative medicine were asked their views on the treatment of three case histories of 65 yr old @entity1 : Case 1, resected @entity5 involving a hilar lymph node ( @entity5 (T)2, node (N)1, @entity3 ( @entity3 )0); Case 2, @entity5 that had spread to mediastinal lymph nodes bilaterally (T2, N3, M0); and Case 3, @entity5 (M1) accompanied by minor haemoptysis. Six hundred and ninety eight (85%) of the 821 clinicians responded. For Case 1, 74% would not recommend any adjuvant treatment, 24% would recommend radiotherapy, and <1% chemotherapy, and there was little expectation that adjuvant treatment would improve survival. For Case 2, 68% would recommend radiotherapy, 11% chemotherapy, and 1% surgery, 7% recommending a combination. Adjuvant treatment, regardless of modality, was expected to improve survival. For Case 3, only 11% would recommend chemotherapy, but 26% if the @entity1 was aged < or = 50 yrs. There was little expectation of survival beyond 1 yr, or of improving survival with chemotherapy. For all three cases, most of those not recommending chemotherapy would require it to achieve substantially improved survival for them to use it routinely. Surgery alone is currently considered sufficient for resectable @entity1149 . Chemotherapy is rarely recommended for disease of any stage.

title: Survey on the treatment of @entity1149 ( XXXX ) in England and Wales.

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic cancer', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'M']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['NSCLC']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Class I(A) phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI 3-kinases) have been implicated in the regulation of several cellular processes including cell division, cell survival and protein synthesis. The size of @entity238 imaginal discs (epithelial structures that give rise to adult organs) is maintained by factors that can compensate for experimentally induced changes in these PI 3-kinase-regulated processes. Overexpression of the gene encoding the @entity238 class I(A) PI 3-kinase, @entity42617 , in imaginal discs, however, results in enlarged adult organs. These observations have led us to investigate the role of @entity42618 and its adaptor, @entity42619 , in the control of imaginal disc cell size, cell number and organ size. RESULTS: Null mutations in @entity42617 and @entity42619 were generated and used to demonstrate that they are essential genes that are autonomously required for imaginal disc cells to achieve their normal adult size. In addition, modulating @entity42617 activity increases or reduces cell size in the developing imaginal disc, and does so throughout the cell cycle. The inhibition of @entity42617 activity reduces the rate of increase in cell number in the imaginal discs, suggesting that @entity42617 normally promotes cell division and/or cell survival. Unlike direct manipulation of cell-cycle progression, manipulation of @entity42617 activity in one compartment of the disc influences the size of that compartment and the size of the disc as a whole. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that during imaginal disc development, @entity42617 and @entity42619 regulate cell size, cell number and organ size. Our results indicate that @entity42617 and @entity42619 signalling can affect growth in multiple ways, which has important implications for the function of signalling through class I(A) PI 3-kinases.

title: Regulation of imaginal disc cell size, cell number and organ size by XXXX class I(A) phosphoinositide 3-kinase and its adaptor.

entities_list: @entity238 :: ('7227', 'Species') :: ['Drosophila']

answer: @entity238 :: (7227,Species) :: ['Drosophila']


abstract: PURPOSE: This paper presents the sonographic findings in scrotums of @entity1 affected with @entity378 or @entity11570 . METHODS: Eighteen @entity1 with a total of 22 abnormal hemiscrotums (4 @entity1 had bilateral lesions) underwent scrotal sonography. Pathologic confirmation was obtained via epididymectomy in 10 cases, epididymo-orchiectomy in 7 cases, and scrotal exploration and biopsy in 3 cases. The histopathologic diagnosis was @entity378 in 12 cases and @entity11570 in 8 cases. RESULTS: Lesions involved the head of the epididymis in 8 cases, the tail in 5 cases, and the entire epididymis in 9 cases. The enlarged epididymis was hypoechoic in 13 cases, hyperechoic in 2 cases, and of mixed echogenicity in 7 cases. The echotexture was heterogeneous in 17 cases and homogeneous in 5 cases. Testicular involvement in 7 cases appeared as a diffusely enlarged hypoechoic testis in 2 cases, an ill-defined @entity75 in 1 case, a well-demarcated @entity75 in 2 cases, and multiple small hypoechoic nodules in an enlarged testis in 2 cases. Hydrocele, sinus tract, and extratesticular @entity730 were seen in 12, 4, and 2 cases, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The heterogeneous and @entity4 or the concomitant @entity75 of the testis with associated sinus tract or extratesticular @entity730 may be helpful in the diagnosis of @entity378 or @entity11570 , especially in @entity1 with known @entity378 .

title: Sonographic findings in XXXX and @entity11570 .

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['hypoechoic lesion']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['hypoechoic swelling of the epididymis']

entities_list: @entity11570 :: ('MESH:D009920', 'Disease') :: ['epididymo-orchitis']

entities_list: @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['calcifications']

entities_list: @entity378 :: ('MESH:D014376', 'Disease') :: ['genitourinary tuberculosis', 'tuberculous epididymitis']

answer: @entity378 :: (MESH:D014376,Disease) :: ['tuberculous epididymitis']


abstract: Opioid receptors (ORs) in the myenteric plexus mediate the antimotility actions of opioids in the small intestine. In this study, ORs modulating neurogenic circular muscle contractions in the porcine ileum were characterized by pharmacological and immunohistochemical approaches. Circular muscle-myenteric plexus strips manifested @entity1022 - and @entity3897 -sensitive contractions during (ON) and after (OFF) electrical field stimulation. The kappa-OR agonists U-50,488H and U-69,593 inhibited ON contractions (pIC(50) = 7.61 and 8.22, respectively). U-69,593 action was inhibited by the kappa-OR antagonist @entity14719 with an antagonist equilibrium constant (K(e)) of 4.2 nM. Selective delta-OR agonists [D-Ala(2)]-deltorphin II, DSLET, DADLE, @entity13847 , and DPDPE inhibited OFF contractions (pIC(50) = 9.17, 8.63, 8.50, 8.26, and 7.47, respectively). The selective delta-OR antagonist @entity42368 reduced the inhibitory actions of @entity13847 and DSLET with respective K(e) values of 2.3 and 3.0 nM. In addition, @entity14719 inhibited the actions of these agonists with respective K(e) values of 0.7 and 4.2 nM. The mu-OR agonists @entity7862 , @entity3062 , or @entity1286 exhibited relatively low activities in inhibiting ON and OFF contractions. Using primary antisera directed toward cloned opioid receptors, delta-OR immunoreactivity was observed to be localized alone or in combination with kappa-OR immunoreactivity in myenteric neurons; mu-OR immunoreactivity was absent. The results suggest that myenteric @entity31901 mediate the antitransit effects of opioids in the porcine small intestine. These receptors may be functionally coupled in a subpopulation of myenteric neurons.

title: Characterization of opioid receptors modulating neurogenic contractions of circular muscle from porcine ileum and evidence that XXXX are coexpressed in myenteric neurons.

entities_list: @entity42368 :: ('MESH:C068868', 'Chemical') :: ['naltriben']

entities_list: @entity31901 :: ('4986', 'Gene') :: ['delta- and kappa-opioid receptors']

entities_list: @entity1022 :: ('MESH:D013779', 'Chemical') :: ['tetrodotoxin']

entities_list: @entity14719 :: ('MESH:C051844', 'Chemical') :: ['norbinaltorphimine']

entities_list: @entity3897 :: ('MESH:D001285', 'Chemical') :: ['atropine']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine']

entities_list: @entity3062 :: ('MESH:D008139', 'Chemical') :: ['loperamide']

answer: @entity31901 :: (4986,Gene) :: ['delta- and kappa-opioid receptors']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine if elective, angiographically directed @entity887 of enlarged @entity8 can be used to prevent future @entity548 in @entity1 with @entity2916 and thus avoid nephrectomy. @entity1 AND METHODS: Records were reviewed for all 5 @entity1 who underwent elective, subtotal @entity887 of large, symptomatic @entity359 at the authors' institution between 1975 and 1996. RESULTS: All 5 @entity1 had @entity2916 and bilateral @entity8 . Initial @entity887 in these @entity1 was performed in 1975, 1981, 1993 (2 @entity1 ) and 1994. In 1 @entity1 only a single @entity887 session was required. In another, initial @entity887 on the left side was followed by @entity887 on the right 13 months later. Two @entity1 underwent 2 sessions, and 1 @entity1 had 4 sessions over a 13-year period. Subtotal @entity887 with particulate material led to a decrease in size of the most severely affected portion of the kidney. One large @entity359 underwent sterile liquefaction after @entity887 ; percutaneous catheter drainage was required. The @entity887 allowed subsequent partial nephrectomy in this @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Embolization is effective for the long-term management of @entity8 in @entity1 with @entity2916 ; in this way nephrectomy and loss of renal function can usually be avoided.

title: @entity8 : long-term follow-up of @entity887 for acute XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal angiomyolipomas']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhagic episodes']

entities_list: @entity887 :: ('MESH:D004617', 'Disease') :: ['embolization']

entities_list: @entity2916 :: ('MESH:D014402', 'Disease') :: ['tuberous sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity359 :: ('MESH:D018207', 'Disease') :: ['angiomyolipomas', 'angiomyolipoma']

answer: @entity548 :: (MESH:D006470,Disease) :: ['hemorrhage']


abstract: AIMS AND BACKGROUND: Recent publications of @entity0 classification based on gene expression profile analyses indicate that @entity0 ( @entity0 ) may be considered part of the basal-like @entity189 spectrum made up of ER-negative, PR-negative and @entity1722 -negative cells ("triple-negative phenotype"). On the other hand, there are also data showing that a proportion of @entity0 ( @entity0 ) is ER, PR and/or @entity1722 positive. Therefore, we have decided to immunohistochemically analyze ER, PR, @entity1722 and basal/myoepithelial markers @entity4205 , @entity4206 and @entity470 expression in our archival paraffin-embedded @entity0 and @entity0 samples from 48 @entity1 . METHODS: Immunohistochemical evaluation of samples which were derived from @entity1 operated on at our two hospitals between 1999 and 2005. RESULTS: Typical @entity0 was found in 39 @entity1 and @entity0 in 9 @entity1 . The @entity1 ranged in age from 32 to 84 years (median 55). Modified radical mastectomy with axillary dissection was performed in 30/48 @entity1 (63%) while breast segmentectomy with axillary dissection was performed in 18/48 @entity1 (37%). @entity3 in axillary lymph nodes were observed in 15/48 @entity1 (31%). ER positivity was present in 3/48 @entity1 (6%), PR positivity in 8/48 (17%), and a positive @entity1722 reaction was present in 14/48 @entity1 (29%). @entity4205 was positive in 20/48, @entity4206 in 24/48 and @entity470 in 8/48 @entity1 . Adjuvant therapy was applied in all but 2 @entity1 . Alive were 45/48 (94%) of @entity1 . With the exception of PR expression, 39 @entity1 with typical @entity0 and 9 @entity1 with @entity0 were comparable in the analyzed parameters. Positive @entity1722 antigen expression in the analyzed sample was not found to be associated to a statistically significant degree with the @entity0 or @entity0 histological @entity5 type, @entity5 size, axillary lymph node metastases, ER and PR status nor with @entity1 survival. CONCLUSIONS: The data from our study seem to be generally comparable with the relatively scarce published data on clinicopathological parameters of @entity0 and @entity0 .

title: Immunohistochemical analysis of ER, PR, @entity1722 , XXXX , @entity4206 and @entity470 antigen expression in medullary @entity0 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['medullary breast carcinomas', 'AMBC', 'breast cancer', 'MBC', 'MBC and atypical MBC']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['Metastases']

answer: @entity4205 :: (3852,Gene) :: ['CK 5/6']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The treatment of giant symptomatic haemangioma of the liver is still controversial. This retrospective study reviewed the results of surgical treatment. METHODS: Twenty-eight @entity1 with symptomatic @entity2967 of the liver were treated by liver resection (n = 24) or liver transplantation (n = 4). The median diameter of the haemangiomas was 11 (range 5-20) cm. RESULTS: Complications occurred in five of the 24 @entity1 treated by partial liver resection, although all survived and remain alive and well more than 2 years after surgery. In six @entity1 there was residual haemangioma in the liver remnant which did not enlarge during the 2-year follow-up. In four @entity1 the haemangioma was considered irresectable and liver transplantation was performed. One died after a 'two-stage' liver transplantation; the remaining three @entity1 are alive and well, 1, 4 and 9 years after transplantation. CONCLUSION: Liver resection is the treatment of choice for @entity2967 of the liver where possible. In selected cases liver transplantation is indicated.

title: Surgical treatment of XXXX of the liver.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2967 :: ('MESH:D005870', 'Disease') :: ['giant haemangioma']

answer: @entity2967 :: (MESH:D005870,Disease) :: ['giant haemangioma']


abstract: Immunogenicity is a major issue of concern for monoclonal antibodies used in @entity1 diseases and is by default mainly determined in non- @entity1 primates (NHP), as target molecules are considered most similar in NHP compared to @entity1 . In this manuscript the predictive value of immunogenicity testing in minipigs for @entity1 safety is evaluated, as the immune system of the @entity1707 is functionally similar to that in other @entity1 species. Adalimumab and infliximab (both monoclonal antibodies blocking @entity310 ) were used as model substances. Female G  ttingen minipigs (4/group) were treated every other week with low (0.1   mg/kg), mid (1.0   mg/kg), or high dose (5   mg/kg) adalimumab or 5   mg/kg infliximab subcutaneous (SC) over a period of 8 weeks. After first and last dosing, pharmacokinetic analysis was performed. Anti-drug antibodies (ADAs) were measured on several time points. Furthermore, hematology, clinical chemistry, body weight, clinical signs, and histopathology of several organs were evaluated. No signs of @entity137 of the treatments were observed in the limited organs and tissues collected. Eleven out of 12 minipigs treated with adalimumab elicited a detectable ADA response. Induction of ADA was correlated with decreased plasma levels of adalimumab. Infliximab clearance was comparable after first and last dose. Therefore, the presence of ADA directed to infliximab was considered highly unlikely. It was concluded that the minipig and NHP showed comparable suitability for immunogenicity prediction in @entity1 . More studies with other biopharmaceutical products are needed to strengthen the status of the minipig as an alternative model for immunotoxicity testing including immunogenicity.

title: The minipig as an alternative non-rodent model for immunogenicity testing using the XXXX blockers adalimumab and infliximab.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian', 'humans', 'human']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

answer: @entity310 :: (7124,Gene) :: ['TNFa']


abstract: @entity842 (NO) production by @entity1 @entity3623 ( @entity3623 ) is believed to be regulated by the docking of the @entity10698 ( @entity21890 ) domain in one subunit of the dimer onto the @entity1446 domain of the adjacent subunit. @entity367 546, a conserved charged surface residue of the @entity21890 domain in @entity1 @entity3623 ( @entity3623 ), is proposed to participate in the interdomain @entity21890 / @entity1446 interactions [Sempombe et al. Inorg. Chem.2011, 50, 6869-6861]. In the present work, we further investigated the role of the E546 residue in the @entity21890 - @entity1446 interdomain electron transfer (IET), a catalytically essential step in the @entity3623 enzymes. Laser flash photolysis was employed to directly measure the @entity21890 - @entity1446 IET kinetics for the @entity40343 mutant of @entity1 @entity21890 (oxyFMN) construct. The temperature dependence of the IET kinetics was also measured over the temperature range of 283-304 K to determine changes in the IET activation parameters. The @entity40343 mutation was found to retard the IET by significantly raising the activation entropic barrier. Moreover, pulsed electron paramagnetic resonance data showed that the geometry of the docked @entity21890 / @entity1446 complex in the mutant is basically the same as in the wild type construct, whereas the probability of formation of such a complex is about twice lower. These results indicate that the retarded IET in the @entity40343 mutant is not caused by an altered conformation of the docked @entity21890 / @entity1446 complex, but by a lower population of the IET-active conformation. In addition, the negative activation entropy of the mutant is still substantially lower than that of the holoenzyme. This supports a mechanism by which the @entity21890 domain can modify the IET through altering probability of the docked state formation.

title: Regulatory role of @entity367 546 in @entity10698 - XXXX electron transfer in @entity1 inducible @entity842 synthase.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian', 'human']

entities_list: @entity10698 :: ('MESH:D005486', 'Chemical') :: ['flavin mononucleotide']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['Nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity3623 :: ('4843', 'Gene') :: ['inducible NOS', 'NOS', 'iNOS', 'NO synthase']

answer: @entity1446 :: (MESH:D006418,Chemical) :: ['heme']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Recent studies have shown a correlation between advanced @entity6 and late stages of @entity731 . There are no findings on a possible relation between @entity65 at their earliest stage in young @entity1 with @entity1723 . The purpose of the study was to analyze a correlation between @entity6 and early atherosclerotic changes in adolescents with type 1 @entity6 . RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: The study included 28 adolescents aged 17.6+/-1.4 years suffering from @entity6 for 7.9+/-3.1 years, the mean age of the disease onset - 9.5+/-3.7 years, a mean level of HbA1c - 8.6+/-1.9%. Eight @entity1 with developing @entity989 , were separated from the whole group of young @entity1 . First control group consisted of the remaining @entity1 with type 1 @entity6 chosen with regard to age and sex, without disease complications. Second control group consisted of 11 healthy young @entity1 . The function of endothelium by measuring the brachial artery dilatation -- @entity4631 and the intima-media complex thickness of the common carotid arteries were evaluated ultrasonographically. RESULTS: Young @entity1 with @entity989 had higher systolic pressure: 133+/-19 mmHg in comparison with @entity1 without complications: 117+/-14 mmHg (p<0.05) and healthy @entity1 : 115+/-8 mmHg (p<0.05). All @entity1 with @entity6 showed significantly lower @entity4631 (7.6+/-5.1%, p<0.05). In the group with @entity989 , @entity4631 equaled 7.8+/-4.1% (p=0.04) and in the group without @entity989 - 7.6+/-5.5% (p<0.05) in comparison with 12.1+/-5.1% in healthy volunteers. Significantly higher IMT was found in all @entity1 with @entity6 in comparison with healthy young @entity1 : 0.49+/-0.06 vs. 0.42+/-0.03 mm (p<0.001). @entity1 with @entity989 had a significantly higher value of IMT in comparison not only with controls but also with @entity1 without complications: 0.56+/-0.06 vs. 0.47+/-0.03 mm (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: 1. Young @entity1 with type 1 @entity6 had a significantly impaired function of endothelium and higher IMT in comparison with healthy young @entity1 . 2. Adolescents with @entity989 were characterized by significantly higher values of systolic arterial blood pressure when compared to @entity1 without complications 3. Higher IMT was found in @entity1 with @entity6 in comparison with @entity1 without complications, which may suggest that macrovascular changes are more advanced in case of complications than in @entity1 without @entity989 .

title: [Correlation analysis between XXXX and early atherosclerotic changes in adolescents with type 1 @entity6 -- preliminary report].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['type 1 diabetes mellitus', 'diabetes', 'diabetic retinopathy']

entities_list: @entity1723 :: ('MESH:D003922', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes type 1']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['simple retinopathy', 'retinopathy']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic retinopathy and diseases of the cardiovascular system']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetic retinopathy']


abstract: 1. Packed cell volume ( @entity1485 ) and plasma @entity2661 , @entity701 and @entity413 were determined in blood samples obtained from race @entity1641 , after competition. 2. All these parameters were higher than basals but @entity2661 increased 6-7 times while @entity701 was enhanced only by 25%. 3. The increase of @entity413 and @entity1485 was related to the rise of @entity2661 . 4. In samples withdrawn after overnight stress caused by change of horseshoes, it was not possible to find values from basal values significantly different. 5. Influence of nervous temperament was observed only in the higher hematocrit found in basal conditions, particularly in females.

title: Neuroendocrine changes produced by competition stress on the Thoroughbred race XXXX .

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity2661 :: ('MESH:D002395', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamines']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity1641 :: (9796,Species) :: ['horse']


abstract: @entity661 ( @entity661 ) is described as @entity1002 with the phenomenon of " @entity661 ", rapidly resolving, without @entity3979 . METHODS: Fifteen @entity1 with @entity661 and transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) at their admission, were reviewed (2001 to 2006). Follow-up (F/U) TTE was performed in varying intervals. To compare diameters of posterior wall (PW), interventricular septum (IVS), left atrium (LA), LV in end-diastole (LVED) and LV in end-systole (LVES) and @entity338 , @entity1 with comparable F/U are selected. RESULTS: Fourteen @entity1 were female (mean age 69.6 years). Angiography demonstrated LV @entity299 with mean ejection fraction (EF) of 31.3%. In the acute-phase (day 0 to day 3), TTE showed a mean EF of 35.7%, not significantly different from EF obtained in angiography. Short-term F/U was performed in 9 @entity1 after median time-interval of 20 days with an increase to a mean EF of 58.8%. F/U in 2006 has been performed in 10 @entity1 (median time-interval 18.7 months) and showed normal EF. No significant difference in diameters of LA, LVED and LVES could be obtained comparing baseline and long-term data (p=0.493, p=0.790 and p=0.275). PW and IVS were significantly thicker at baseline compared to TTE > or = day 62 of F/U (p=0.003 and p=0.026). At baseline @entity339 ( @entity339 ) was mild in 50.0% and moderate in 12.5%, mild and moderate @entity997 ( @entity997 ) was recognized in 50% (25% respectively). @entity339 and @entity997 were regredient in F/U. In three @entity1 an intraventricular systolic flow acceleration could be detected in the acute phase. CONCLUSIONS: Characteristics of @entity661 , besides transient LV @entity661 are also a significant change in LV wall thickness and reversible @entity338 .

title: XXXX characteristics in long-term follow-up.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity339 :: ('MESH:D008944', 'Disease') :: ['mitral valve insufficiency', 'MI']

entities_list: @entity338 :: ('MESH:D011665', 'Disease') :: ['valve insufficiencies']

entities_list: @entity3979 :: ('MESH:D023921', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery stenoses']

entities_list: @entity997 :: ('MESH:D014262', 'Disease') :: ['TI', 'tricuspid valve insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity661 :: ('MESH:D054549', 'Disease') :: ['TTC', 'Tako-Tsubo cardiomyopathy', 'apical ballooning']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['systolic dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular (LV) dysfunction']

answer: @entity661 :: (MESH:D054549,Disease) :: ['Tako-Tsubo cardiomyopathy']


abstract: PURPOSE: Several recent studies have pointed out that the weight loss techniques used by wrestlers to make weight are similar to the behavior of bulimics. The purpose of this study was to determine whether an increased risk of @entity1279 existed for a group of junior high and high school wrestlers. METHODS: Wrestlers (N = 85) completed the @entity1277 Inventory (EDI) once during the season, and once during the off-season. A comparison group of nonwrestlers (N = 75) also completed the questionnaire. RESULTS: No significant differences were found between the number of in-season wrestlers and nonwrestlers classified as "at risk" for @entity1279 . Significant differences were revealed, however, between in-season wrestlers and nonwrestlers, and between in-season wrestlers and off-season wrestlers, on the Drive for Thinness subscale. In both cases, significantly more in-season wrestlers scored above the "at risk" cutoff on the subscale. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that although in-season wrestlers are more weight conscious than nonwrestlers, these feelings and attitudes are transient. All subjects classified as "at risk" also participated in an interview which followed the format of the @entity1277 Examination. Interviews with in-season wrestlers revealed that their concerns with weight were due entirely to the demands of wrestling, and did not meet the severity level required for a diagnosis of @entity1279 .

title: Weight control in wrestling: XXXX or @entity1277 ?

entities_list: @entity1277 :: ('MESH:D001068', 'Disease') :: ['Eating Disorder']

entities_list: @entity1279 :: ('MESH:D052018', 'Disease') :: ['bulimia nervosa']

answer: @entity1277 :: (MESH:D001068,Disease) :: ['eating disorders']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Super-refractory @entity159 is that which persists despite suitable treatment with multiple anti- @entity410 schemes, including prolonged @entity772 with general anaesthetic. Different pharmacological treatment schemes have been proposed in these @entity1 , including the use of a ketogenic diet. @entity1 AND METHODS: This study is a retrospective analysis of five @entity1 records of @entity1 between 1 and 14 years of age, three of whom were diagnosed with FIRES (febrile infection-related @entity302 ) and two with a diagnosis of refractory symptomatic @entity302 . The mean age was six years and the mean duration of the @entity159 was 32 days. RESULTS: All the @entity1 were given multiple therapeutic schemes; in all was obtained pharmacological @entity772 with barbiturates to reach paroxysm-suppression pattern on electroencephalogram. Since the results of these strategies were not successful, a classical ketogenic diet was indicated. After starting the ketogenic diet, the clinical and electroencephalographic @entity159 ceased in four @entity1 with good tolerance. One @entity1 did not respond and died. CONCLUSIONS: In @entity1 with super-refractory @entity159 , when different anticonvulsive schemes are unsuccessful, the ketogenic diet would be a good option. The ketogenic diet in this severe clinical situation is highly effective and safe.

title: [Super-refractory XXXX : treatment with ketogenic diet in pediatrics].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['convulsive']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy syndrome', 'partial epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity159 :: ('MESH:D013226', 'Disease') :: ['status epilepticus']

answer: @entity159 :: (MESH:D013226,Disease) :: ['status epilepticus']


abstract: We report a SAH case of a ruptured dissecting @entity439 of the middle cerebral artery following parietooccipital subcortical @entity548 . A 68-year-old @entity1 was admitted to our hospital, complaining of @entity10 . On admission she was alert with left @entity1805 . A CT scan disclosed subcortical @entity548 in the right parieto-occipital lobe. An angiogram revealed no abnormal vessels. Seven days after admission, she suddenly lapsed into unconsciousness with @entity1269 . A CT scan demonstrated @entity510 with a right sylvian @entity1410 . A second angiogram revealed fusiform dilatation of the M2 branches and @entity384 at the M1-M2 bifurcation. Following conservative therapy, she died 21 days after admission. The relationship between subcortical @entity548 and the subsequent @entity510 was not certain. We discuss and review the treatment of a dissecting @entity439 of the middle cerebral artery.

title: [Dissecting XXXX of the middle cerebral artery (M1-2 portion) with @entity510 : a case report].

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['subarachnoid hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity1269 :: ('MESH:D010291', 'Disease') :: ['left hemiparesis']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysmal dilatation']

entities_list: @entity1805 :: ('MESH:D006423', 'Disease') :: ['homonymous hemianopsia']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

answer: @entity439 :: (MESH:D000783,Disease) :: ['aneurysm']


abstract: @entity39308 ( @entity39308 ) phosphatase, encoded by the @entity39309 gene, is a membrane-associated enzyme in the @entity375 @entity375 . The enzyme removes the beta @entity1391 from DGPP to form @entity8435 . The substrate and product of the DGPP phosphatase reaction play roles in lipid signaling and in cell metabolism. The deduced primary structure of the DGPP phosphatase protein contains a three-domain phosphatase sequence motif. In this work, we examined the hypothesis that the phosphatase sequence motif in the enzyme is involved in the DGPP phosphatase reaction. The @entity535 residues @entity534 (125), His(169), and His(223) in domains 1, 2, and 3, respectively, of the phosphatase sequence motif were changed to @entity493 residues by site-directed mutagenesis. The mutant @entity39309 ( @entity39310 ), @entity39309 ( @entity39311 ), and @entity39309 ( @entity39312 ) alleles were cloned into a @entity375 shuttle vector and then expressed in a @entity39309 Delta lpp1Delta double mutant that lacks DGPP phosphatase activity. Northern blot and immunoblot analyses showed that the mutations in the phosphatase sequence motif did not affect the expression of the enzyme. The DGPP phosphatase activities of the @entity39310 , the @entity39311 , and the @entity39312 mutant enzymes were 0.05, 9, and 0.03%, respectively, of the DGPP phosphatase activity of the wild-type enzyme. Enzymes with mutations in more than one domain of the phosphatase sequence motif had no measurable DGPP phosphatase activity. The @entity39310 and @entity39313 mutant DGPP phosphatase enzymes had reduced V(max) and elevated K(m) values for DGPP when compared with the wild-type enzyme. The @entity39311 mutant enzyme had reduced V(max) and K(m) values when compared with the control. The specificity constants (V(max)/K(m)()) for DGPP of the @entity39310 mutant and @entity39313 mutant enzymes were 4610-fold and 15 367-fold lower, respectively, when compared to the wild-type enzyme. The studies reported here indicated that the phosphatase sequence motif played an important role in the reaction catalyzed by the @entity375 DGPP phosphatase.

title: Mutagenesis of the phosphatase sequence motif in XXXX phosphatase from @entity375 .

entities_list: @entity8435 :: ('CHEBI:16337', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphatidate']

entities_list: @entity39308 :: ('MESH:C408642', 'Chemical') :: ['DGPP', 'Diacylglycerol pyrophosphate']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity1391 :: ('CHEBI:26020', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphate']

entities_list: @entity375 :: ('4932', 'Species') :: ['yeast', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae', 'S. cerevisiae']

entities_list: @entity493 :: ('CHEBI:16449', 'Chemical') :: ['alanine']

answer: @entity39308 :: (MESH:C408642,Chemical) :: ['diacylglycerol pyrophosphate']


abstract: The antibacterial activity of Lactobacillus casei IMV B-7280, Lact. acidophilus IMV B-7279, @entity13854 VK1, and @entity1335 VK2 strains or their various compositions in relation to @entity794 in vitro and on models of experimental intravaginal staphylococcosis of @entity19 was determined. It was found that under the influence of these strains and their various compositions, the in vitro growth of Staph. aureus was inhibited, and the number of colonies of Staph. aureus plated from the vagina of infected @entity19 was significantly reduced. The antibacterial activity of these strains separately and in compositions correlated with their ability to improve the performance of the immune response. These strains were the most effective in the following compositions: Lact. casei IMV B-7280- @entity13854 VK1- @entity1335 VK2. Strains of Lact. casei IMV B-7280, Lact. acidophilus IMV B-7279, @entity1335 VK2, and @entity13854 VK1 are prospective components of future probiotic drugs efficient in treating staphylococcosis and for immunity correction.

title: Antagonistic Action of Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria in Relation to XXXX and Their Influence on the Immune Response in Cases of Intravaginal Staphylococcosis in @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']

entities_list: @entity13854 :: ('216816', 'Species') :: ['B. longum', 'Bifidobacterium longum']

answer: @entity794 :: (1280,Species) :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']


abstract: We report a case of accessory cervical thymus presenting as a unilateral neck mass in a 2-month-old @entity1 . Ultrasonography (US) showed a mass isoechogenic to muscle in the left neck. Computed tomography (CT) revealed a well-defined, mildly enhanced mass located anterior to the sternocleidomastoid muscle, anterolateral to the carotid sheath, and posterior to the submandibular gland. On magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the mass was isointense to muscle on T1-weighted images and hyperintense to muscle on T2-weighted images. Diffusion-weighted images showed relatively low apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values, and the mass was slightly enhanced after administration of contrast material. We suspected ectopic thymus, but we could not exclude the possibility of a @entity5 . Therefore, the @entity5 was surgically resected. The histological diagnosis was ectopic cervical thymus. @entity6732 should be included in the differential diagnosis of a submandibular or cervical mass in @entity1 . US and MRI can provide useful information for the diagnosis of ectopic cervical thymus.

title: Ectopic cervical thymus in an XXXX .

entities_list: @entity6732 :: ('MESH:D013953', 'Disease') :: ['Ectopic thymus']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant lesion', 'tumor']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['infant']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity393 is a well-known complication that may occur during microvascular decompression (MVD) for hemifacial @entity2473 (HFS). Cause and risk factors are highly variable. We present cases of @entity393 induced by saline overinfusion after MVD. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective review in a tertiary referral center. INTERVENTION: Three hundred thirty-one @entity1 with HFS underwent MVD from March 2009 to October 2010. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Brain stem auditory evoked potential (BAEP) was monitored during the surgery. Before completion of the dural closure, the surgical field was routinely filled with warm saline to avoid postoperative @entity5745 . RESULTS: Seven @entity1 experienced a change in wave V amplitude and latency after the dural closure. In 2 @entity1 , the amplitudes decreased by less than 50%, and latencies were delayed by less than 1.0 ms, ipsilaterally in 1 @entity1 and contralaterally in the other. In 1 @entity1 , decreased amplitude and delayed latency appeared bilaterally with more severity on the operated side, accompanied by delayed ipsilateral permanent @entity393 . In 4 of the 7 @entity1 , an ipsilateral response of BAEP was completely absent. Of these 4 @entity1 , 2 experienced permanent @entity393 , and another 2 @entity1 who underwent dural reopening and saline drainage had restoration of their normal hearing. CONCLUSION: Intradural compression due to overinfusion of saline may lead to postoperative @entity393 , although the incidence is low, and immediate decompression by drainage may be required.

title: A new possible mechanism of @entity393 after microvascular decompression for hemifacial XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5745 :: ('MESH:D011007', 'Disease') :: ['pneumocephalus and epidural hematoma']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing loss', 'Hearing loss']

answer: @entity2473 :: (MESH:D013035,Disease) :: ['spasm']