abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity146 such as @entity161 are associated with @entity73 , including learning, @entity2414 . Antipsychotic drugs are limited in their efficacy to improve cognition; therefore, new therapeutic agents are required. @entity18865 (CBD), the non-intoxicating component of @entity835 , has anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective and antipsychotic-like properties, however, its ability to improve the @entity73 of @entity161 remains unclear. Using a prenatal infection model, we examined the effect of chronic CBD treatment on cognition and social interaction. Time-mated pregnant @entity35 (n=16) were administered poly I:C (POLY; 4   mg/kg) or saline (CONT) at gestation day 15. Male offspring (PN56) were injected twice daily with 10   mg/kg CBD (CONT+CBD, POLY+CBD; n=12/group) or vehicle (VEH; CONT+VEH, POLY+VEH; n=12/group) for 3 weeks. Body weight, food and water intake was measured weekly. The Novel Object Recognition and rewarded T-maze alternation tests assessed recognition and working memory, respectively, and the social interaction test assessed sociability. POLY+VEH offspring exhibited @entity73 and reduced social interaction compared to CONT+VEH offspring (p<0.01). CBD treatment significantly improved recognition, working memory and social interaction deficits in the poly I:C model (p<0.01 vs POLY+VEH), did not affect total body @entity1017 , food or water intake, and had no effect in control animals (all p>0.05). In conclusion, chronic CBD administration can attenuate the social interaction and @entity73 induced by prenatal poly I:C infection. These novel findings present interesting implications for potential use of CBD in treating the @entity73 and social withdrawal of @entity161 .Neuropsychopharmacology accepted article preview online, 23 February 2017. doi:10.1038/npp.2017.40.

title: Improved Social Interaction, Recognition and Working Memory with XXXX Treatment in a Prenatal Infection (poly I:C) @entity35 Model.

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['Neuropsychiatric disorders']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment', 'cognitive deficits', 'impaired recognition and working memory']

entities_list: @entity18865 :: ('MESH:D002185', 'Chemical') :: ['Cannabidiol']

entities_list: @entity835 :: ('MESH:D002189', 'Disease') :: ['cannabis']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['weight gain']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague-Dawley rats']

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['memory and attention deficits']

answer: @entity18865 :: (MESH:D002185,Chemical) :: ['Cannabidiol']


abstract: Although interferon ( @entity3027 ) has been used in elderly @entity1 with @entity981 ( @entity981 ), the benefits from @entity3027 therapy have not been properly assessed, especially as it was given combined with other cytotoxic drugs, which obscured the role of @entity3027 if any. In 1997, we started a study aimed at improving our previous results in elderly @entity1 with @entity981 and at assessing the therapeutic role of @entity3027 in this disease. Fifty-eight @entity1 with @entity981 , aged 55-81 years (median: 64.9 years), were randomly allocated to treatment with @entity7324 or @entity1891 during induction. After a first consolidation course, @entity3027 was administered as a single agent for three months together with cranial radiotherapy. Chemotherapy was then resumed with a second consolidation course and maintenance. A complete remission (CR) was obtained in 58% of @entity1 (CI: 45-71%), significantly less than in our previous study which included @entity3027 combined with chemotherapy during maintenance (CR: 85%, CI:70-94%, p = 0.007). Overall survival (median: 289 vs 434 days in the previous study, p = 0.01) and disease-free survival (median: 146 vs 427 days, p = 0.009) were also inferior in the present study. In particular, the pattern of relapses over time suggested that the 3 month @entity3027 treatment phase with no additional chemotherapy might have contributed to the comparatively poor outcome of this cohort. In addition, @entity7324 given during induction did not prove less @entity2359 than @entity1891 , did not improve the CR rate, and had no impact on survival. In conclusion, although similar to published studies in elderly @entity1 with @entity981 , this study is inferior to our previous one. INF, given as a single drug, has a modest role if any in the treatment of older @entity1 with @entity981 .

title: Treatment of XXXX in the elderly: an evaluation of interferon alpha given as a single agent after complete remission.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity981 :: ('MESH:D054198', 'Disease') :: ['ALL', 'acute lymphoblastic leukemia']

entities_list: @entity7324 :: ('MESH:D014751', 'Chemical') :: ['vindesine']

entities_list: @entity1891 :: ('MESH:D014750', 'Chemical') :: ['vincristine']

entities_list: @entity2359 :: ('MESH:D020258', 'Disease') :: ['neurotoxic']

answer: @entity981 :: (MESH:D054198,Disease) :: ['acute lymphoblastic leukemia']


abstract: The incidence of @entity1897 is on the increase in chronic hemodialysis @entity1 . Recently, the intervention (IV) treatment is conducted to deal with this problem. IV was performed in 4 dialysis @entity1 against the complication of @entity14674 ( @entity14674 ) but the result was unsuccessful in 3 of them. These 3 failure cases were investigated to find the problems associated with percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA). Cases 1, 2 and 3 had intermittent @entity613 while case 4 had gangrenous toes as the major complaint. The symptoms in these cases were attributable to 90-100% @entity850 and occlusion of superficial femoral artery, bilateral iliac arteries, bilateral superficial femoral-popliteal artery, branch of right iliac artery and left iliac artery region, respectively. IV was successful in case 1 but failed in cases 2 and 4 because the catheter itself did not go through due to the severe @entity850 of vessel or the procedure of forcefully dilating the vessel caused dispersion of minute thrombi. In case 3, acute @entity583 occurred at 10 h after successful IV, resulting in @entity944 . In view of the extent of invasion, IV is a treatment method selected against @entity14674 in dialysis @entity1 . However, the method has a high risk of causing @entity715 formation, vessel rupture and organ failure. In this regard, it is advisable to evaluate the systemic condition and conduct IV if the extent of @entity850 is mild.

title: Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty against @entity14674 in dialysis XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity944 :: ('MESH:D003645', 'Disease') :: ['sudden death']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral arteriosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity613 :: ('MESH:D007383', 'Disease') :: ['claudication']

entities_list: @entity14674 :: ('MESH:D001162', 'Disease') :: ['ASO', 'arteriosclerosis obliterans']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombus']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Variation in genes involved in @entity167 metabolism is associated with drinking patterns worldwide. We compared variation in these genes among the Inuit with published results from the general population of Denmark and, due to the Asian ancestry of the Inuit, with Han Chinese. We analyzed the association between gene variations and drinking patterns among the Inuit. METHODS: We genotyped 4162 Inuit @entity1 from two population health surveys. Information on drinking patterns was available for 3560. Seven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were examined: @entity5873 arg48his, @entity17608 ile350val, @entity17608 arg272gln, @entity6921 glu504lys, @entity6921 5'-UTR @entity65541 , @entity32460 ala86val and @entity32460 arg107leu. RESULTS: The allele distribution differed significantly between Inuit and the general population of Denmark. A protective effect on heavy drinking was found for the TT genotype of the @entity32460 arg107leu SNP (OR=0.59; 95% CI 0.37-0.92), present in 3% of pure Inuit and 37% of Danes. The @entity17608 GG genotype was associated with heavy drinking and a positive CAGE test (OR 1.34; 95% CI 1.05-1.72). It was present in 27% of Inuit and 18% of Danes. The Asian genotype pattern with a high frequency of the @entity5873 A allele and an @entity6921 gene coding for an inactive enzyme was not present in Greenland. CONCLUSIONS: @entity17608 and @entity32460 arg107leu SNPs play a role in the shaping of drinking patterns among the Inuit in Greenland. A low frequency of the @entity32460 arg107leu TT genotype compared with the general population in Denmark deserves further study. This genotype was protective of heavy drinking among the Inuit.

title: Genetic variation in XXXX metabolizing enzymes among Inuit and its relation to drinking patterns.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

answer: @entity167 :: (CHEBI:16236,Chemical) :: ['alcohol']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The spectrum of sternal wound @entity281 after cardiac surgery ranges from superficial @entity281 to a deep sternal infection known as @entity1764 . @entity1764 is a rare but clinically relevant source of postoperative morbidity and mortality in adult and pediatric @entity1 after cardiac surgery. METHODS: We retrospectively identified all @entity1 diagnosed with @entity1764 after cardiac surgery from January 1987 to December 2002 (17 @entity1 /7,616 surgeries = 0.2%). Demographic data, cardiac diagnosis, cardiac surgery, hospital length of stay, associated medical diagnosis, and surgical treatment for @entity1764 were collected. RESULTS: Fifteen pediatric @entity1 (age < 18 years) were diagnosed with @entity1764 (mean age at diagnosis 37.5 months, range 21 days to 17 years. The median postoperative day of diagnosis was 14 days (6 to 50 days). The most common organism was Staphylococcus species (n = 9). Six @entity1 had an associated @entity2259 . The median hospital length of stay for all @entity1 was 42.5 days (range 16 to 163 days). The hospital mortality was 1 of 15 (6%). Each @entity1 was treated with intravenous antibiotics; sternal debridement; and rectus abdominus flap reconstruction (n = 7), pectoralis muscle flap reconstruction (n = 3), omentum reconstruction (n = 1), or primary sternal closure (n = 4). Three @entity1 have undergone redo-sternotomy with orthotopic heart transplantation, bidirectional cavopulmonary anastomosis, and replacement of a right ventricle to pulmonary artery homograft. CONCLUSIONS: Timely diagnosis, aggressive sternal debridement, and liberal use of rotational muscle flaps can potentially minimize the morbidity and mortality in pediatric postoperative cardiac @entity1 . Subsequent redo-sternotomy has not been problematic.

title: XXXX after pediatric cardiac surgery: a 15-year experience at a single institution.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity2259 :: ('MESH:D016470', 'Disease') :: ['bacteremia']

entities_list: @entity1764 :: ('MESH:D008480', 'Disease') :: ['mediastinitis', 'Mediastinitis']

answer: @entity1764 :: (MESH:D008480,Disease) :: ['Mediastinitis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Defective autophagy and deranged metabolic pathways are common in @entity5 ; pharmacologic targeting of these two pathways could provide a viable therapeutic option. However, how these pathways are regulated by limited availability of growth factors is still unknown. Our study shows that HSulf-1 (endosulfatase), a known @entity5 suppressor which attenuates heparin @entity597 binding growth factor signaling, also regulates interplay between autophagy and lipogenesis. Silencing of HSulf-1 in OV202 and TOV2223 cells ( @entity43 cell lines) resulted in increased lipid droplets (LDs), reduced autophagic vacuoles (AVs) and less @entity16401 puncta. In contrast, HSulf-1 proficient cells exhibit more AVs and reduced LDs. Increased LDs in HSulf-1 depleted cells was associated with increased @entity3963 mediated @entity3901 (S505) phosphorylation. Conversely, HSulf-1 expression in SKOV3 cells reduced the number of LDs and increased the number of AVs compared to vector controls. Furthermore, pharmacological (AACOCF3) and ShRNA mediated downregulation of @entity3901 resulted in reduced LDs, and increased autophagy. Finally, in vivo experiment using OV202 Sh1 derived xenograft show that AACOCF3 treatment effectively attenuated @entity5 growth and LD biogenesis. Collectively, these results show a reciprocal regulation of autophagy and lipid biogenesis by HSulf-1 in @entity43 .

title: Loss of HSulf-1: The Missing Link between Autophagy and Lipid Droplets in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity597 :: ('CHEBI:16189', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfate']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['Ovarian Cancer']


abstract: We conducted a phase II study to assess the response rate and @entity137 profile of the @entity2600 ( @entity2600 , Camptosar) plus @entity900 combination administered weekly to @entity1 with at least one previous chemotherapy for advanced @entity420 or gastroesophageal junction. @entity1 with histologic proof of @entity420 orgastroesophageal junction with adequate liver, kidney, and @entity236 were treated with 50 mg/m2 of @entity2600 plus 30 mg/m2 of @entity900 , both administered intravenously 1 day a week for 4 consecutive weeks, followed by a 2-week recovery period. Response rate, time to disease progression, survival, and toxic effects were analyzed. Of 32 registered @entity1 , 29 were assessable. Nine @entity1 (31%) achieved a partial response. Median time to disease progression was 7 weeks (range: 5-48+ weeks) and median survival time was 5 months (range: 2.5-31 months). There were no treatment-related @entity204 . Major toxic effects included @entity294 , @entity1398 , and @entity1295 . Of 260 doses administered in 65 6-week courses, 46 doses were either delayed or missed. Most delayed or missed doses occurred in the third or fourth week of the cycle. We concluded that the combination of @entity2600 and @entity900 is an active second-line therapy for @entity1 with advanced @entity356 in whom one previous chemotherapy has failed. Modifications in doses and schedule are warranted to increase the tolerability of the regimen. Phase III trials are necessary to establish the clinical utility of @entity2600 / @entity900 in these @entity1 populations.

title: XXXX / @entity900 in advanced, treated @entity356 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity236 :: ('MESH:D001855', 'Disease') :: ['bone marrow functions']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma of the stomach']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric or gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity2600 :: (MESH:C051890,Chemical) :: ['Irinotecan']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity3193 represent failure of closure of the fetal fissure during embryogenesis. Eyes with @entity4643 can develop complex @entity1713 . We present a case of a @entity1 presenting with a macular hole in her only useful eye with an extramacular @entity3193 . METHODS: A 56-year-old @entity1 was referred with a 3-month history of central distortion and blurring of vision in her right eye. The left eye was amblyopic with microphthalmos. She was found to have a Stage 2 macular hole in her right eye with a large inferonasal @entity4643 extending underneath the inferior arcade. The @entity1 underwent vitrectomy with induction of a @entity20699 , internal limiting membrane peeling, and insertion of C2F6 gas. RESULTS: During the vitrectomy, there was some difficulty in inducing a posterior vitreous @entity1713 , but otherwise, the stronger vitreous adhesion did not interfere with the procedure. The @entity1 responded well to surgery, and the macular hole closed. CONCLUSION: The occurrence of a macular hole in an eye with @entity3193 has not been previously described. The presence of a @entity4643 causes uncertainty about performing a vitrectomy, because @entity735 are at risk of @entity1713 . This case demonstrates that vitrectomy and induction of a @entity20699 does not necessarily lead to @entity1713 in such cases, and successful management of a condition like macular holes is possible in the presence of @entity2479 .

title: Management of macular hole with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2479 :: ('MESH:D012173', 'Disease') :: ['retinal coloboma']

entities_list: @entity1713 :: ('MESH:D012163', 'Disease') :: ['detachment along the edges of the coloboma', 'retinal detachment', 'retinal detachments']

entities_list: @entity735 :: ('MESH:D005124', 'Disease') :: ['colobomatous eyes']

entities_list: @entity3193 :: ('MESH:D015862', 'Disease') :: ['choroidal coloboma', 'Choroidal colobomas']

entities_list: @entity4643 :: ('MESH:D003103', 'Disease') :: ['colobomas', 'coloboma']

entities_list: @entity20699 :: ('MESH:D020255', 'Disease') :: ['posterior vitreous detachment']

answer: @entity3193 :: (MESH:D015862,Disease) :: ['choroidal coloboma']


abstract: @entity2805 and keloids resulting from surgery, burns, @entity130 and infection can be associated with substantial physical and @entity458 . Various non-invasive and invasive options are currently available for the prevention and treatment of these scars. Recently, an international multidisciplinary group of 24 experts on scar management (dermatologists; plastic and reconstructive surgeons; general surgeons; physical medicine, rehabilitation and burns specialists; psychosocial and behavioural researchers; epidemiologists; beauticians) convened to update a set of practical guidelines for the prevention and treatment of @entity2805 on the basis of the latest published clinical evidence on existing scar management options. @entity1346 -based products such as sheets and gels are recommended as the gold standard, first-line, non-invasive option for both the prevention and treatment of scars. Other general scar preventative measures include avoiding sun exposure, compression therapy, taping and the use of moisturisers. Invasive treatment options include intralesional injections of corticosteroids and/or @entity1487 , cryotherapy, radiotherapy, laser therapy and surgical excision. All of these options may be used alone or as part of combination therapy. Of utmost importance is the regular re-evaluation of @entity1 every four to eight weeks to evaluate whether additional treatment is warranted. The amount of scar management measures that are applied to each wound depends on the @entity1 's risk of developing a scar and their level of concern about the scar's appearance. The practical advice presented in the current guidelines should be combined with clinical judgement when deciding on the most appropriate scar management measures for an individual @entity1 .

title: Management of scars: updated practical guidelines and use of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['psychological distress']

entities_list: @entity1346 :: ('MESH:D012828', 'Chemical') :: ['Silicone']

entities_list: @entity2805 :: ('MESH:D017439', 'Disease') :: ['Hypertrophic scars', 'hypertrophic and keloid scars']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['5-fluorouracil']

answer: @entity1346 :: (MESH:D012828,Chemical) :: ['silicones']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) demonstrates the precise location of the sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) in @entity1 with @entity0 . We evaluated the relationship between SLNs and postoperative tangential fields by using SPECT/CT images. Subjects included 72 @entity1 with early @entity0 who underwent SPECT/CT of the SLNs and received whole-breast irradiation with tangential fields after partial mastectomy. The @entity4298 locations evaluated by using SPECT/CT images were entered into the treatment-planning CT image with a 5-mm-diameter sphere. A 15-mm-diameter sphere including the 5-mm treatment margin around the SLNs was defined as @entity343 - @entity4298 . The @entity343 - @entity4298 doses with tangential irradiation were evaluated and expressed as the percentage of the prescribed dose. In 69 @entity1 , SLNs were detected by using SPECT/CT; 68 SLNs were located at axillary lymph node Level I, and one was located at Level II. A total of 62 SLNs (90%) were determined to be located inside the tangential fields on the digitally reconstructed radiography (DRR) images. The median doses of @entity4298 center, mean @entity343 - @entity4298 dose, and @entity343 - @entity4298 D95 (the minimum dose delivered to 95% of the volume) were 94.1% (range, 15.3-101.9%), 93.7% (range, 29.3-104.0%) and 84.8% (range, 6.8-99.8%). The D95 for the SLNs with treatment margins were  <=90% of the prescribed doses in more than half of the cases. Modification of the individual treatment fields seemed to be necessary to ensure coverage of the SLNs in whole-breast irradiation.

title: Relationship between sentinel lymph nodes and postoperative tangential fields in early XXXX , evaluated using SPECT/CT.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: MicroRNAs (miRs), a class of small non-coding RNAs, are key gene regulators through inducing translational repression or degradation of their target genes. However, the regulatory mechanism of @entity19953 underlying @entity157 ( @entity157 ) growth and @entity3 remains largely unclear. Here we found that @entity19953 was significantly downregulated in @entity157 tissues and cell lines. Moreover, low @entity19953 levels were significantly associated with the malignant progression of @entity157 . @entity25759 , upregulated in @entity157 tissues and cell lines, was then identified as a novel target of @entity19953 in @entity157 HepG2 and Hep3B cells. Moreover, the increased expression of @entity25759 was also associated with @entity157 progression. In vitro study showed that overexpression of @entity19953 inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of HepG2 and Hep3B cells. Similarly, knockdown of @entity25759 also reduced HepG2 and Hep3B cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Furthermore, overexpression of @entity25759 attenuated the suppressive effects of @entity19953 on the malignant phenotypes of HepG2 and Hep3B cells, suggesting that @entity19953 may inhibit @entity157 growth and @entity3 via targeting @entity25759 . In addition, overexpression of @entity19953 inhibits @entity5 growth of HepG2 and Hep3B cells in vivo. Therefore, the @entity19953 / @entity25759 axis may become a potential target for the treatment of @entity157 .

title: @entity19953 Inhibits Proliferation, Cellular Migration, and Invasion Via Targeting XXXX in Hepatocarcinoma Cells.

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'hepatocellular carcinoma']

answer: @entity25759 :: (3927,Gene) :: ['LASP1']


abstract: A 12-year-old @entity1 was admitted to ward because of persistent left @entity812 , @entity391 , and @entity811 . A stone was located at the ureteropelvic junction of the left kidney, as determined by means of abdominal sonography. Metabolic investigation for a @entity1290 revealed that she had @entity2741 , @entity5886 , and @entity5200 . @entity2742 was diagnosed based on the @entity2741 and inappropriately elevated serum parathyroid hormone level. A @entity3243 was successfully diagnosed by using thallium/ @entity1136 subtraction parathyroid scanning. Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy was performed to treat the @entity1290 , and the @entity3243 was successfully removed. The @entity1 's postoperative course was uneventful. This case is presented because @entity1791 and @entity2742 are rare in @entity1 . Metabolic evaluation is mandatory in @entity1 with a @entity1290 . Further investigation for the @entity2742 should be performed if @entity2741 associated with @entity5200 is documented.

title: @entity1791 and primary XXXX : report of one case.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['girl', 'patient', 'children']

entities_list: @entity1136 :: ('MESH:D013667', 'Chemical') :: ['technetium']

entities_list: @entity1791 :: ('MESH:D052878', 'Disease') :: ['urolithiasis']

entities_list: @entity2741 :: ('MESH:D006934', 'Disease') :: ['hypercalcemia']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity812 :: ('MESH:D021501', 'Disease') :: ['flank pain']

entities_list: @entity5200 :: ('MESH:D053565', 'Disease') :: ['hypercalciuria']

entities_list: @entity5886 :: ('MESH:D017674', 'Disease') :: ['hypophosphatemia']

entities_list: @entity1290 :: ('MESH:D007669', 'Disease') :: ['renal stone']

entities_list: @entity3243 :: ('MESH:D010282', 'Disease') :: ['parathyroid adenoma']

entities_list: @entity811 :: ('MESH:D006417', 'Disease') :: ['hematuria']

entities_list: @entity2742 :: ('MESH:D006961', 'Disease') :: ['Hyperparathyroidism', 'hyperparathyroidism']

answer: @entity3243 :: (MESH:D010282,Disease) :: ['parathyroid adenoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To analyze the immunological characteristics of @entity10776 ( @entity10776 )-induced @entity1960 model and examine the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of @entity16290 ( @entity16290 ) treatment. METHODS: Thirty-two male specififi c pathogen free Spragne-Dawley @entity35 were randomly equally assigned to four groups: control, @entity10776 , @entity16290 and @entity229 groups. Experimental @entity1960 was induced by enema administration of @entity10776 . Then @entity35 were treated with @entity16290 (0.5 g   kg(-1)   day(-1), once daily) or @entity229 (1.0 mg   kg(-1)   day(-1), once daily) by gavage for 14 days. @entity75 and histological damage were determined, and activity of @entity1589 ( @entity1589 ) was measured in the colonic tissues. Expressions of T-box expressed in T-cells (T-bet) and @entity39847 ( @entity39847 ) were determined by immunohistochemistry analysis and western blot. RESULTS: Both macroscopic lesion and histological @entity1049 induced by @entity10776 were reduced by @entity16290 and @entity229 treatment. These were accompanied by significant attenuation of @entity1589 activity (P=0.03). @entity10776 intervention enhanced the expression of both @entity39847 and T-bet, but the expression of T-bet was signififi cantly enhanced than that of @entity39847 , resulting in signififi cant reduction of @entity39847 /T-bet ratio (P=0.025). @entity16290 administration enhanced the expression of T-bet (P=0.04) and @entity39847 (P=0.019) in comparison to @entity10776 group, and resulting in an up-regulated @entity39847 /T-bet ratio. @entity229 treatment inhibited both expressions; however it also resulted in up-regulation of the @entity39847 /T-bet ratio. CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrated that @entity16290 exerted a benefifi cial immune regulatory effect on experimental @entity1960 . It promoted the expression of T helper cell 1 (Th1) and T helper cell 2 (Th2) specififi c transcription factors but ultimately favor a shift toward Th2 phenotype, suggesting that @entity16290 possessed therapeutic potential in experimental @entity1960 .

title: Therapeutic and immunoregulatory effect of @entity39847 /T-Box expressed in T-cells ratio of astragalus polysaccharides on @entity10776 -induced @entity1960 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity16290 :: ('MESH:C564877', 'Disease') :: ['Astragalus polysaccharides', 'APS']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['Macroscopic lesion']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone', 'Prednisone']

entities_list: @entity10776 :: ('CHEBI:53063', 'Chemical') :: ['2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid', 'TNBS']

entities_list: @entity1049 :: ('MESH:D003108', 'Disease') :: ['colonic damage']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To observe the prevalence of @entity1295 , @entity308 , and @entity25 in @entity1 with @entity602 and their correlation with neurological and functional recovery. @entity1 AND METHODS: Study conducted in a university tertiary research hospital with 127 @entity1 with @entity602 (92 males) admitted to neurorehabilitation unit between January 2010 and December 2013. Mean age was 32.71      13.08 years (range 15-65 years), and mean duration of injury was 76.22      82.5 days (range 14-365 days). Functional status and impairments were assessed using Barthel Index and Spinal Cord Independence Measures. @entity25 were assessed using Hospital Anxiety and @entity308 Scale, Fatigue Severity Scale, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scales, respectively. Neurological recovery was assessed using American @entity66 scale. RESULTS: Forty-four out of 104 (42%) @entity1 had borderline or confirmed @entity308 , 36/108 (33%) had significant @entity1295 , and 62/106 (58%) had significant @entity25 at admission. Significant correlation was observed between change in @entity1295 and @entity308 scores with change in functional status scores (P  <  0.05) but no correlation (P  >  0.05) between change in @entity25 scores and functional status score and neurological recovery (P  >  0.05). Similarly, change in @entity1295 and @entity308 scores had no correlation with neurological status improvement. Fatigue, @entity308 , and @entity25 scores showed significant improvement, that is, admission vs. discharge scores (P  <  0.05) with significant correlation between improvement in all three variables (P  <  0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Study variables showed significant improvement in the present study with @entity602 @entity1 but not necessarily correlating with functional and neurological recovery.

title: Prevalence of @entity25 in XXXX with @entity602 : Their relation with functional and neurological recovery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ["Spinal Injury Association's impairment"]

entities_list: @entity602 :: ('MESH:D013118', 'Disease') :: ['myelopathy']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['Depression, fatigue, and sleep disturbances', 'sleep disturbances', 'sleep disturbance']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A phase I/II study was first conducted for the treatment of stage I @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) from 1994 to 1999 to determine the optimal dose. On the basis on the results, a phase II study using a regimen of four fractions during 1 week was performed. The purpose of the present study was to determine the local control and 5-year survival rates. METHODS: From December 2000 to November 2003, 79 @entity1 with 80 primary lesions were treated. Using a fixed dose of 52.8 GyE for stage IA @entity1149 and 60.0 GyE for stage IB @entity1149 in four fractions during 1 week, the @entity5 were irradiated with @entity505 beams alone. The average age of the @entity1 was 74.8 years. Sixty-two (78.5%) of these @entity1 were medically inoperable. Local control and survival were determined using the Kaplan-Meier method. The data were statistically processed using the log-rank test. RESULTS: All @entity1 were observed for a minimum of 3 years or until death, with a median follow-up time of 38.6 months, ranging from 2.5 to 72.2 months. The local control rate for all @entity1 was 90% (T1: 98%, T2: 80%). The @entity1 ' 5-year @entity2 -specific survival rate was 68% (IA: 87%, IB: 42%). The overall survival was 45% (IA: 62%, IB: 25%). Half of the @entity204 were attributable to intercurrent diseases. No toxic reactions in the lung greater than grade 3 were detected. CONCLUSION: @entity505 ion beam radiotherapy with a regimen of four fractions during 1 week has been proven as a valid alternative to surgery for stage I @entity1149 and to offer particular benefits, especially for elderly and inoperable @entity1 .

title: @entity505 ion radiotherapy for stage I XXXX using a regimen of four fractions during 1 week.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['primary tumors']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity505 :: ('MESH:D002244', 'Chemical') :: ['carbon', 'Carbon']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: There is growing evidence that immunoablative high-dose @entity786 without stem cell rescue is effective and safe in @entity1 with refractory @entity792 such as @entity7271 , @entity1252 , @entity2150 , and more recently pemphigus vulgaris. METHODS: We report a 51-year-old @entity1 with severe pemphigus foliaceus, which was recalcitrant to multiple medical regimes. The @entity1 presented with multiple thick hyperpigmented and scaly, ill-defined plaques on the face. In addition, she had multiple superficial erosions and crusts on her scalp, thorax, upper and lower extremities. The @entity1 also had a few discrete intact flaccid bullae. A skin biopsy and direct immunofluorescence was consistent with pemphigus foliaceus. The @entity1 's circulating pemphigus autoantibodies were present at a titer of 1 : 2560. The @entity1 received immunoablative high-dose @entity786 (50 mg/kg/day) for 4 consecutive days, and tolerated the regime well. RESULTS: Approximately 3 months after therapy, the @entity272 had healed and her @entity229 , which had been as high as 80 mg daily, was tapered to 30 mg daily. In addition, her circulating autoantibodies decreased after treatment. Nearly 10 months after treatment, the @entity1 did relapse. However, her disease was less severe and more easily managed with lower doses of immunosuppressive therapy. CONCLUSION: This case contributes to the growing evidence of high-dose @entity786 's efficacy without stem cell rescue in recalcitrant @entity792 , including pemphigus foliaceus.

title: Immunoablative high-dose XXXX without stem cell rescue in pemphigus foliaceus.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity7271 :: ('MESH:D010392', 'Disease') :: ['paraneoplastic pemphigus']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity2150 :: ('MESH:D000741', 'Disease') :: ['aplastic anemia']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity1252 :: ('MESH:D008180', 'Disease') :: ['systemic lupus erythematosus']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin lesions']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune diseases']

answer: @entity786 :: (MESH:D003520,Chemical) :: ['cyclophosphamide']


abstract: BACKGROUND CONTEXT: @entity5145 has been described radiographically in @entity1 following @entity912 from @entity1566 . Onset of these findings after @entity1971 have not been reported previously. Furthermore, the magnetic resonance documentation of its early evolution has not been recorded. PURPOSE: We report a case of early-onset @entity5145 shown by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in a @entity1 with @entity1971 due to bilateral @entity1642 . STUDY DESIGN: Unique case study review, one case. METHODS: Review of the clinical case notes and imaging including initial and subsequent MR imaging. RESULTS: The initial MRI of the lumbosacral spine showed bilateral @entity1642 with a @entity85 . The vertebral bodies were normal on the initial computed tomography and MRI studies, which did not reveal pre-existing features of @entity6592 . The second MRI performed 5 months later clearly showed @entity1511 at multiple vertebral levels with partial resolution 18 months post injury. CONCLUSION: @entity5145 in @entity1 with @entity912 due to @entity1566 is well documented in the English language literature, but until now this has not been demonstrated by MRI. It is a rare complication of traumatic @entity1971 that commences soon after the traumatic event and can resolve spontaneously.

title: MRI of inflammatory @entity5145 following traumatic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity6592 :: ('MESH:D058566', 'Disease') :: ['sacroiliitis']

entities_list: @entity1511 :: ('MESH:D013166', 'Disease') :: ['spondylitis']

entities_list: @entity5145 :: ('MESH:D025242', 'Disease') :: ['Spondyloarthropathy', 'spondyloarthropathy']

entities_list: @entity1566 :: ('MESH:D013119', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord injury', 'spinal cord trauma']

entities_list: @entity1971 :: ('MESH:D011128', 'Disease') :: ['cauda equina syndrome']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['kyphotic deformity']

entities_list: @entity1642 :: ('MESH:D015775', 'Disease') :: ['sacral insufficiency fractures']

entities_list: @entity912 :: ('MESH:D010243', 'Disease') :: ['paralysis']

answer: @entity1971 :: (MESH:D011128,Disease) :: ['cauda equina syndrome']


abstract: We examined the effects of the @entity1289 ( @entity1289 ) inhibitors @entity3371 , enalaprilat, @entity9383 , and @entity21594 , and their active metabolites @entity23288 and trandolaprilat, on @entity2142 induced by @entity6579 ( @entity15002 ) in @entity1 erythrocytes. @entity15002 induced @entity2142 at the concentrations above the critical micelle concentration (4 microM). @entity1169 , used as a reference drug, attenuated the 50% @entity2142 induced by 6 microM @entity15002 at concentrations ranging from 100 nM to 100 microM. Similarly, @entity23288 (10 microM) and trandolaprilat (10, 100 microM) significantly attenuated the @entity15002 -induced @entity2142 , but other @entity1289 inhibitors did not. Since @entity1169 possesses a membrane stabilizing action correlated with high lipophilicity, it appears that the high lipophilicity of @entity23288 or trandolaprilat is responsible for the protection from the damage induced by @entity15002 . However, @entity9383 and @entity21594 were not effective, although both drugs have higher lipophilicity than @entity23288 and trandolaprilat. Hence, it is suggested that the high lipophilicity alone may not contribute to the protective effects of @entity1289 inhibitors against @entity15002 -induced @entity2142 . None of @entity1289 inhibitors attenuated the @entity2142 (60 mM @entity1219 ), although @entity1169 did. Furthermore, neither @entity1169 (100 microM) nor @entity23288 (50 microM) and trandolaprilat (50 microM) affected @entity15002 micelle formation, suggesting that these drugs do not directly bind to @entity15002 . We therefore believe that the protective effects of @entity23288 and trandolaprilat on the @entity15002 -induced @entity2142 may be related physicochemically to their highly lipophilic and @entity1289 inhibitory structures, which probably maintain erythrocyte membrane integrity by a mechanism other than @entity1289 inhibition, prevention of @entity15002 micelle formation or protection against osmotic imbalance.

title: Protective effects of @entity23288 and trandolaprilat, active metabolites of @entity9383 and XXXX , on @entity2142 induced by @entity6579 in @entity1 erythrocytes.

entities_list: @entity1169 :: ('MESH:D011433', 'Chemical') :: ['propranolol', 'Propranolol']

entities_list: @entity1289 :: ('1636', 'Gene') :: ['angiotensin converting enzyme', 'ACE']

entities_list: @entity6579 :: ('MESH:D008244', 'Chemical') :: ['lysophosphatidylcholine']

entities_list: @entity9383 :: ('MESH:C041125', 'Chemical') :: ['quinapril']

entities_list: @entity3371 :: ('CHEBI:3380', 'Chemical') :: ['captopril']

entities_list: @entity23288 :: ('MESH:C054501', 'Chemical') :: ['quinaprilat']

entities_list: @entity2142 :: ('MESH:D006461', 'Disease') :: ['hemolysis', 'hypotonic hemolysis']

entities_list: @entity21594 :: ('MESH:C052035', 'Chemical') :: ['trandolapril']

answer: @entity21594 :: (MESH:C052035,Chemical) :: ['trandolapril']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1184 ( @entity1184 ) has been associated with increased perioperative morbidity and mortality in @entity1 with severe, symptomatic @entity472 ( @entity472 ). Less is known about the prognostic impact of @entity1184 during progression of @entity472 . Clinical, echocardiographic, and outcome data from 1,691 @entity1 with initially asymptomatic, mostly moderate @entity472 , participating in the @entity62724 in @entity472 (SEAS) study was used. @entity1184 was considered present if interventricular septum/posterior wall thickness ratio in end-diastole >= 1.5. The associations of @entity1184 with hazard rate of ischemic cardiovascular events were tested in time-dependent Cox regression analyses. Based on the presence of @entity1184 at study echocardiograms, the study population was grouped in to a no- @entity1184 , nonpersistent @entity1184 , persistent @entity1184 , and new-onset @entity1184 groups. During a median of 4.3  years of follow-up, @entity1184 persisted or developed in 17% of @entity1 . Persistent or new-onset @entity1184 was characterized by higher left ventricular mass index and ejection fraction at baseline (both p <0.05) but not with female gender or @entity101 . In time-varying Cox regression analyses adjusting for these confounders, persistent or new-onset @entity1184 was associated with higher hazard rate of ischemic cardiovascular events (hazard rate 1.45; 95% confidence interval 1.09 to 1.91, p  = 0.01), in particular coronary artery bypass grafting (hazard rate 1.69; 95% confidence interval 1.17 to 2.47; p  = 0.006), whereas no association with increased mortality was found. In conclusion, in @entity1 with @entity472 without @entity6 or known @entity65 participating in the SEAS study, persistent or new-onset @entity1184 during progression of @entity472 was associated with higher rate of ischemic cardiovascular events.

title: Comparison of Frequency of Ischemic Cardiovascular Events in @entity1 With XXXX With Versus Without Asymmetric Septal Hypertrophy (from the SEAS Trial).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity62724 :: ('C492458', 'Chemical') :: ['Simvastatin Ezetimibe']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['Asymmetric interventricular septum hypertrophy', 'ASH']

entities_list: @entity472 :: ('MESH:D001024', 'Disease') :: ['AS', 'Aortic Stenosis', 'aortic valve stenosis']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['renal or cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity472 :: (MESH:D001024,Disease) :: ['Aortic Stenosis']


abstract: Much of modern agriculture is based on immense populations of genetically identical or near-identical varieties, called cultivars. However, advancement of knowledge, and thus experimental utility, is found through biodiversity, whether naturally-found or induced by the experimenter. Globally we are confronted by ever-growing food and energy challenges. Here we demonstrate how such biodiversity from the food legume crop @entity1460 ( @entity1460 ) and the bioenergy legume tree Pongamia ( @entity15132 is a great value. Legume plants are diverse and are represented by over 18,000 species on this planet. Some, such as @entity1460 , @entity3587 and medics are used as food and animal feed crops. Others serve as ornamental (e.g., wisteria), timber (e.g., acacia/wattle) or biofuel (e.g., @entity15132 ) resources. Most legumes develop root organs (nodules) after microsymbiont induction that serve as their habitat for biological @entity1568 fixation. Through this, @entity1568 fertiliser demand is reduced by the efficient symbiosis between soil Rhizobium-type bacteria and the appropriate legume partner. Mechanistic research into the genetics, biochemistry and physiology of legumes is thus strategically essential for future global agriculture. Here we demonstrate how molecular plant science analysis of the genetics of an established food crop ( @entity1460 ) and an emerging biofuel @entity15132 feedstock contributes to their utility by sustainable production aided by symbiotic @entity1568 fixation.

title: The value of biodiversity in legume symbiotic XXXX fixation and nodulation for biofuel and food production.

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen']

entities_list: @entity15132 :: ('56065', 'Species') :: ['P. pinnata', 'Pongamia pinnata', 'Millettia) pinnata']

entities_list: @entity1460 :: ('3847', 'Species') :: ['soybean', 'Glycine max L. Merr']

answer: @entity1568 :: (MESH:D009584,Chemical) :: ['nitrogen']


abstract: Acute @entity198 constitutes a medical emergency. In most cases, the presence of focal neurological signs and focal @entity410 will distinguish @entity198 from @entity75 . Acute disseminated @entity1651 is a non-infective inflammatory @entity198 that may require to be treated with @entity230 . Acute @entity281 is usually viral. @entity10926 ( @entity10926 ) is the commonest sporadic acute @entity11410 in the Western world. Magnetic resonance imaging of brain is the investigation of choice in @entity10926 and the diagnosis may be confirmed by the polymerase chain reaction test for the virus in the cerebrospinal fluid. In this article, we review the diagnosis, investigations, and management of acute @entity198 . With few exceptions (for example, @entity1033 for @entity10926 ), no specific therapy is available for most forms of @entity11410 . Mortality and morbidity may be high and long term sequelae are known among survivors. The emergence of unusual forms of zoonotic @entity198 has posed an important public health problem. Vaccination and vector control measures are useful preventive strategies in certain arboviral and zoonotic @entity198 . However, we need better antiviral therapy to meet the challenge of acute @entity11410 more effectively.

title: Diagnosis and treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1033 :: ('MESH:D000212', 'Chemical') :: ['aciclovir']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures']

entities_list: @entity198 :: ('MESH:D004660', 'Disease') :: ['encephalitis']

entities_list: @entity11410 :: ('MESH:D018792', 'Disease') :: ['viral encephalitis']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['encephalopathy']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infective encephalitis']

entities_list: @entity1651 :: ('MESH:D004679', 'Disease') :: ['encephalomyelitis']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity10926 :: ('MESH:D020803', 'Disease') :: ['Herpes simplex encephalitis', 'HSE']

answer: @entity11410 :: (MESH:D018792,Disease) :: ['viral encephalitis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine the heterogeneity of global transcriptome patterns in @entity785 ( @entity785 ) skin in a large sample of @entity1 with @entity785 and control subjects. METHODS: Skin biopsy specimens obtained from 61 @entity1 enrolled in the Genetics versus Environment in Scleroderma Outcome Study (GENISOS) cohort and 36 unaffected control subjects with a similar demographic background were examined by Illumina HumanHT-12 bead arrays. Followup experiments using quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemical analysis were also performed. RESULTS: We identified 2,754 differentially expressed transcripts in @entity785 @entity1 compared with controls. Clustering analysis revealed 2 prominent transcriptomes in @entity785 @entity1 : the keratin and fibroinflammatory signatures. Higher keratin transcript scores were associated with @entity66 duration and @entity401 , while higher fibroinflammatory scores were associated with diffuse cutaneous involvement, a higher skin score at the biopsy site, and a higher modified Rodnan skin thickness score. A subgroup of @entity1 with significantly longer disease duration had a normal-like transcript pattern. Analysis of cell type-specific signature scores revealed remarkable heterogeneity across @entity1 . Significantly higher scores were calculated for fibroblasts (72% of @entity1 ), microvascular cells (61%), macrophages (54%), and dendritic cells (DCs) (49%). The majority of samples with significantly higher fibroblast scores (35 of 44 [80%]) had significantly increased macrophage and/or DC scores. Further analysis and immunohistochemical staining indicated that the keratin signature was not a general marker of keratinocyte activation but was in fact associated with an activation pattern in hair and adnexal structures. CONCLUSION: Prominent fibroinflammatory and keratin signatures are present in @entity785 skin. Expression profiles of @entity785 skin show significant heterogeneity, and this finding might be useful for stratifying @entity1 for targeted therapies or predicting the response to immunosuppression.

title: Dissecting the heterogeneity of skin gene expression patterns in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['shorter disease']

entities_list: @entity401 :: ('MESH:D017563', 'Disease') :: ['interstitial lung disease']

entities_list: @entity785 :: ('MESH:D012595', 'Disease') :: ['systemic sclerosis', 'SSc']

answer: @entity785 :: (MESH:D012595,Disease) :: ['systemic sclerosis']


abstract: The therapeutic alternatives available for use against @entity2177 -resistant enteric @entity221 isolates in an endemic area are limited. The antibiotics currently available are the @entity5176 , third-generation @entity2886 and conventional first-line drugs. In this study, the MICs of various newer drugs were determined for 31 @entity2177 -resistant enteric @entity221 isolates (26 @entity1680 and 5 @entity11621 serovar Paratyphi A). MICs for @entity2177 , @entity800 , @entity7046 , @entity800 , @entity3524 , @entity6727 , @entity6944 and @entity4580 were determined using Etest strips and the agar dilution method. By Etest, all of the @entity2177 -resistant isolates had @entity2177 MICs >/=32 mug ml(-1). @entity1680 showed MIC(90) values of 0.50, 0.25 and 0.38 mug ml(-1) for @entity6727 , @entity3524 and @entity6944 , respectively. For the @entity2886 , a negligible difference in MIC(90) and MIC(50) values for @entity1680 and @entity10583 was observed. A single isolate of @entity1680 showed a high @entity4580 MIC of 64 mug ml(-1). The MIC(90) value for @entity4580 in @entity1680 and @entity10583 was 24 mug ml(-1). @entity7046 demonstrated lower resistance (80.8 %) compared with the other @entity5176 (92-100 %) in @entity1680 . The rise in MIC levels of these antimicrobials is a matter for serious concern.

title: In vitro activity of @entity4580 , newer @entity5176 and @entity2886 in @entity2177 -resistant @entity11621 causing enteric XXXX .

entities_list: @entity7046 :: ('MESH:C078049', 'Chemical') :: ['gatifloxacin', 'Gatifloxacin']

entities_list: @entity10583 :: ('54388', 'Species') :: ['S. Paratyphi A', 'S. Paratyphi']

entities_list: @entity1680 :: ('90370', 'Species') :: ['S. Typhi', 'Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi']

entities_list: @entity5176 :: ('MESH:D015363', 'Chemical') :: ['quinolones']

entities_list: @entity6944 :: ('MESH:C043266', 'Chemical') :: ['cefepime']

entities_list: @entity2177 :: ('MESH:D002939', 'Chemical') :: ['ciprofloxacin']

entities_list: @entity4580 :: ('MESH:D017963', 'Chemical') :: ['azithromycin']

entities_list: @entity2886 :: ('MESH:D002511', 'Chemical') :: ['cephalosporins']

entities_list: @entity3524 :: ('MESH:D002439', 'Chemical') :: ['cefotaxime']

entities_list: @entity800 :: ('MESH:D015242', 'Chemical') :: ['levofloxacin', 'ofloxacin']

entities_list: @entity6727 :: ('MESH:D020682', 'Chemical') :: ['cefixime']

answer: @entity221 :: (MESH:D005334,Disease) :: ['fever']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recent data suggest that variations in @entity460 intake may influence lipid metabolism and body composition. OBJECTIVE: The association between daily @entity460 intake and body composition and plasma lipoprotein-lipid concentrations was studied cross-sectionally in adults from phase 2 of the Qu  bec Family Study. DESIGN: Adults aged 20-65 y (235 @entity1 , 235 @entity1 ) were studied. Subjects who consumed vitamin or mineral supplements were excluded. Subjects were divided into 3 groups on the basis of their daily @entity460 intake: groups A (< 600 mg), B (600-1000 mg), and C (> 1000 mg). RESULTS: Daily @entity460 intake was negatively correlated with plasma LDL @entity165 , total @entity165 , and total:HDL @entity165 in @entity1 and @entity1 after adjustment for variations in body fat mass and waist circumference (P < 0.05). In @entity1 , a significantly greater ratio of total to HDL @entity165 (P < 0.05) was observed in group A than in group C after correction for body fat mass and waist circumference. In @entity1 , body weight, percentage body fat, fat mass, body mass index, waist circumference, and total abdominal adipose tissue area measured by computed tomography were significantly greater (P < 0.05) in group A than in groups B and C, even after adjustments for confounding variables. Comparable trends were observed in @entity1 , but not after adjustment for the same covariates. CONCLUSION: A low daily @entity460 intake is associated with greater adiposity, particularly in @entity1 . In both sexes, a high @entity460 intake is associated with a plasma lipoprotein-lipid profile predictive of a lower risk of @entity301 risk compared with a low @entity460 intake.

title: XXXX intake, body composition, and lipoprotein-lipid concentrations in adults.

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary heart disease']

answer: @entity460 :: (MESH:D002118,Chemical) :: ['Calcium']


abstract: In order to clarify mechanisms underlying dopaminergic @entity528 in @entity191 ( @entity191 ), a gene expression profiling study was performed in a rodent model of @entity191 . In this model, @entity19 are intrastriatally injected with @entity2955 ( @entity2955 ) and dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN) gradually die by @entity10747 . The SN were removed 2 h, 24 h, or 14 days after @entity2955 administration. Levels of mRNAs related to cell death or survival were quantified using adaptor-tagged competitive PCR (ATAC-PCR). The @entity1896 gene showed an immediate increase in mRNA expression. After 24 h, when dopaminergic neurons were under intense degeneration, levels of @entity4699 mRNA and @entity899 apoptosis effecter related to @entity16819 ( @entity66461 ) mRNA increased and, conversely, FAS mRNA decreased. After 14 days, when the degeneration was attenuated, levels of @entity66461 mRNA and @entity35077 ( @entity35077 ) mRNA still increased. @entity35077 has a similarity to @entity1994 , which is an important molecule involved in nerve growth factor signal transduction. @entity1994 mRNA levels are low in dopaminergic neurons. These results suggest that an increase in @entity1896 mRNA triggers dopaminergic neurons to enter an abnormal cell cycle, which leads to @entity528 and cell death, possibly induced by @entity66461 and @entity4699 . In addition to cell death-related genes, several survival-related genes are activated. @entity35077 might function as a key enzyme for the survival of dopaminergic neurons.

title: Gene expression profiling in the midbrain of striatal XXXX -injected @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity10747 :: ('MESH:D012183', 'Disease') :: ['retrograde degeneration']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease", 'PD']

entities_list: @entity35077 :: ('20393(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['serum- and glucocorticoid-regulated kinase', 'SGK']

entities_list: @entity2955 :: ('MESH:D016627', 'Chemical') :: ['6-hydroxydopamine', '6-OHDA']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['neuronal death', 'neuronal degeneration']

answer: @entity2955 :: (MESH:D016627,Chemical) :: ['6-hydroxydopamine']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the neuroimaging features of @entity191 and @entity3519 by transcranial sonography (TCS). METHODS: 63 @entity191 @entity1 , 32 @entity3519 @entity1 and 81 controls underwent TCS in blind manner. The echo of the substantia nigra (SN) was classified into I-V as half quantitative data. The echo of SN >=  III was considered to be positively enhanced, the hyperechogenicity were measured and the @entity3308 ( @entity3308 ) were calculated. The echo of the @entity10789 ( @entity10789 ) was classified into I-III as half quantitative data. The echo of @entity10789 >=  II was considered to be positively increased and were measured. RESULT: Semi-quantitative analysis: the ratio of the @entity1 with SN >=  III was greater in @entity191 @entity1 (60.32%, 38/63) than in @entity3519 @entity1 (12.50%, 4/32) and normal controls (11.11%, 8/72,   (2) = 19.67, 36.22, P < 0.01, respectively), the ratio of the @entity1 with @entity10789 >=  II was greater in @entity3519 @entity1 (65.62%, 21/32) than in @entity191 @entity1 (20.63%, 13/63) and in controls (8.33%, 6/72,   (2) = 18.69, 37.83, P < 0.01, respectively). Quantitative analysis:the median and quartile (M/Q) of the SN hyperechogenieity area in @entity191 @entity1 [0.73(0.53) cm(2)] was greater than in @entity3519 @entity1 [0.56(0.53) cm(2)] and in controls [0.44(0.19) cm(2), H = 10.05, P = 0.007], the @entity3308 in @entity191 @entity1 was greater [15.7%(11.5%)] than in @entity3519 @entity1 [(13.8%(14.2%)] and in controls [8.9%(2.9%), H = 6.96, P = 0.031]. The M/Q of @entity10789 hyperechogenieity area in @entity3519 @entity1 was greater [0.50(0.33) cm(2)] than in @entity191 @entity1 [0.45(0.22) cm(2)] and in controls [0.35(0.17) cm(2), H = 10.87, P = 0.004]. CONCLUSION: TCS might find the specific hyperechogenicity of SN in @entity191 @entity1 (60.32%) and hyperechogenicity of @entity10789 in @entity3519 @entity1 (65.63%), which could provide useful informations to distinguish @entity191 from @entity3519 .

title: [The neuroimaging features of XXXX and @entity3519 by transcranial sonography].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3308 :: ('MESH:D020295', 'Disease') :: ['hyper-substantia nigra/midbrain', 'S/M']

entities_list: @entity10789 :: ('MESH:D002527', 'Disease') :: ['lentiform nucleus', 'LN']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's Disease"]

answer: @entity191 :: (MESH:D010300,Disease) :: ['Parkinson's disease']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity91 is the most common single suture @entity91 . Surgical technique has evolved from simple strip craniectomy over   -procedures and vertex craniectomies to @entity129 which is preferred procedure nowadays. The purpose of this paper is to present our modification of Renier's standard "H" technique and its preliminary results in detail. Eleven @entity1 with @entity91 were surgically treated from January 2011 until January 2014. Only @entity1 with isolated @entity91 were included in the study. Our modified Renier's technique reduces the possibility of lesion of superior sagittal sinus, dividing parietal bone in three bone fragments, thus achieving shortening of the scull in AP diameter without detaching the bone from the superior sagittal sinus. The possibility for potential secondary stenosis is minimized using extended V-shaped osteotomies with rounding of the bone edges, as well as making wide neocoronal and neolambdoid sutures. Cosmetic results were estimated as very pleasing immediately after surgery by both the parents and the surgeons in all cases. The majority of @entity1 presented in our study were categorized as Sloan Class 1. Improvement or normalization of the cranial index was accomplished in all @entity1 . No revision surgeries were required during the follow-up. Triple square extended osteotomies technique is a fast, simple, and efficient surgical option for @entity1 with @entity91 and can be safely applied in the first months of life in @entity1 even under weight of 6  kilos. Preliminary results are encouraging and deserve a longer follow-up and comparative surgical analysis to verify its usefulness in the future.

title: Triple square extended osteotomies for treatment of XXXX (Renier's "H" technique modification).

entities_list: @entity91 :: ('MESH:D003398', 'Disease') :: ['Scaphocephaly', 'sagittal synostosis', 'scaphocephaly', 'craniosynostosis']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity129 :: ('MESH:D003389', 'Disease') :: ['extensive cranial remodeling']

answer: @entity91 :: (MESH:D003398,Disease) :: ['scaphocephaly']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: OBJECT Although stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) has been accepted as a therapeutic option for @entity2758 ( @entity2758 ) in @entity1 and adolescents, substantial data are still lacking regarding the outcomes of SRS for @entity2758 in this age group, especially long-term complications. This study aimed to clarify the long-term outcomes of SRS for the treatment of @entity7026 in pediatric @entity1 aged  <= 18 years. METHODS Outcomes of 116 @entity1 who were aged 4-18 years when they underwent SRS between 1990 and 2009 at the study institute were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS The median follow-up period after SRS was 100 months, with 6 @entity1 followed up for more than 20 years. Actuarial obliteration rates at 3 and 5 years after SRS were 68% and 88%, respectively. Five @entity548 occurred in 851 @entity1 -years of follow-up. The annual bleeding rate after SRS before obliteration was calculated as 1.3%, which decreased to 0.2% after obliteration. Shorter maximum nidus diameter (p = 0.02) and higher margin dose (p = 0.03) were associated with a higher obliteration rate. Ten @entity1 experienced adverse events after SRS. Of them, 4 @entity1 presented with delayed complications years after SRS (range 9-20 years after SRS). CONCLUSIONS SRS can reduce the risk of @entity548 in pediatric and adolescent @entity2758 , with an acceptable risk of complications in the long term. However, adverse events such as expanding @entity1410 and radiation @entity39 that can occur after substantial follow-up should be taken into account at the time that treatment decisions are made and informed consent is obtained.

title: The long-term outcomes of radiosurgery for XXXX in pediatric and adolescent populations.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2758 :: ('MESH:D001165', 'Disease') :: ['arteriovenous malformations', 'AVMs']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage', 'hemorrhages']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

answer: @entity2758 :: (MESH:D001165,Disease) :: ['arteriovenous malformations']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The objective of this case-control study was to assess the impact of @entity7364 on quality of life and to report the perceptual and acoustic findings in @entity1 with @entity177 . A total of 22 @entity1 with @entity177 and 18 healthy controls were recruited. @entity1 were asked to complete the Voice Handicap Index (VHI)-10 to assess the impact of @entity7364 on quality of life. Perceptual evaluation of @entity1 ' voice recordings using the GRBAS classification was performed. Acoustic analysis was also conducted. Fundamental frequency, habitual pitch, shimmer, relative average perturbation, harmonic-to-noise ratio, voice turbulence index, and the maximum phonation time were reported. The mean scores of the VHI-10 were within normative values, with no significant difference between groups. There was also no significant difference in any of the acoustic parameters or in the mean score of any of the perceptual parameters between @entity1 and controls. We conclude that @entity1 with @entity177 do not have @entity7364 with a significant impact on quality of life, as evident by the normative values of the VHI-10. There were neither perceptual nor acoustic differences between @entity1 and controls.

title: Effect of XXXX on voice.

entities_list: @entity7364 :: ('MESH:D055154', 'Disease') :: ['dysphonia']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure', 'chronic renal failure']

answer: @entity177 :: (MESH:D051437,Disease) :: ['renal failure']


abstract: A 41-year-old @entity1 with @entity0 was referred to the @entity158 management clinic for a course of acupuncture for intense @entity158 following a subcutaneous mastectomy and a latissimus dorsi flap reconstruction. She was treated with a standard course of acupuncture for @entity5026 , using paravertebral segmental points, trigger points, plus contralateral @entity1719 on the non-lymphoedematous arm. She experienced an episode of @entity21696 six days following the first treatment and during the second treatment. She had not previously lactated for four years. CT and MRI of the brain revealed no focal abnormality. Acupuncture has been used in to promote lactation in the Traditional Chinese literature using the 'Tianzong' acupoint @entity2234 . This acupoint coincided with a trigger point over infraspinatus that was included in the neurophysiologically based acupuncture treatment. Quantitative analysis has shown an increase in the production of prolactin and @entity398 following acupuncture. These hormones are involved in the synthesis and release of milk from mammary glands respectively. This is the first report of @entity21696 , in the contralateral normal breast, following acupuncture in a @entity1 with @entity0 .

title: XXXX following acupuncture.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity398 :: ('MESH:D010121', 'Chemical') :: ['oxytocin']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5026 :: ('MESH:D059373', 'Disease') :: ['breast pain']

entities_list: @entity21696 :: ('MESH:C535402', 'Disease') :: ['galactorrhoea']

answer: @entity21696 :: (MESH:C535402,Disease) :: ['Galactorrhoea']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Intralesional (IL) cryotherapy is a new promising technique for the treatment of @entity2318 , in which the scar is frozen from inside. Multiple devices are available, mostly based on a simple liquid @entity1568 Dewar system, which have a limited freezing capacity. @entity3503 gas-based systems ensure accurate and highly controlled freezing and have shown to be effective within the field of oncologic surgery. However, this technique has never been used for the treatment of @entity2318 . OBJECTIVE: This prospective study evaluates an @entity3503 gas-based system for the treatment of keloids in a @entity1 population including all Fitzpatrick skin types with a 1-year follow-up. METHODS: Twenty-five @entity1 with 30 @entity2318 were included and treated with a device called Seednet (Galil Medical, Yokneam, Israel). @entity2318 and possible scar recurrence were assessed before treatment and post treatment (6 and 12 months) with objective devices determining scar color, scar elasticity, scar volume, and @entity1 's skin type. In addition, scars were evaluated using the @entity1 and Observer Scar Assessment Scale. RESULTS: After 12 months, a significant volume reduction of 62% was obtained, p  =  0.05. Moreover, complaints of @entity158 and itching were alleviated and scar quality had improved according to the @entity1 and Observer Scar Assessment Scale. @entity2118 recovered in 62% of all @entity2318 within 12 months. Five out of 30 (17%) scars recurred within 12 months, three of which had previously been treated with liquid @entity1568 -based IL cryotherapy. Both recurrent and persistent @entity4182 were mainly seen in Afro-American @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: IL cryotherapy with the use of an @entity3503 gas-based system proves to be effective in the treatment of @entity2318 , yielding volume reduction and low recurrence rates. Although @entity4182 recovered in most cases, it is strongly related to non-Caucasian @entity1 . Finally, additional treatment of @entity2318 previously unresponsive to IL cryotherapy is predisposed to a high recurrence rate. Trial number: NCT02063243.

title: A new @entity3503 gas-based device for the treatment of XXXX with the use of intralesional cryotherapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen']

entities_list: @entity4182 :: ('MESH:D017496', 'Disease') :: ['hypopigmentation']

entities_list: @entity2318 :: ('MESH:D002921', 'Disease') :: ['keloid scars', 'Scar quality']

entities_list: @entity2118 :: ('MESH:D010859', 'Disease') :: ['Scar pigmentation']

answer: @entity2318 :: (MESH:D002921,Disease) :: ['keloid scars']


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: The study design of this paper is a systematic review of literature published in the recent 10  years. OBJECTIVE: It is the objective of this paper to compare the clinical efficacy and safety of minimal access (MIS) spinal surgery and open spinal surgery for treating @entity158 . METHODS: Two research questions below were determined through a consensus among a panel of spine experts. A systematic review of literature on spinal surgery was conducted by searching PubMed with a combination of keywords including "metastatic", " @entity3 ", " @entity3 ", "spinal", and "spine". Independent reviewers selected the articles for analysis after screening the titles, abstracts, and full texts, then extracted data and graded the quality of each paper according to the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) criteria. Specific clinical questions were as follows: 1. In @entity1 with spine @entity3 , what is the impact of different surgical approaches (MIS versus open) on @entity158 relief and functional outcome? 2. In @entity1 with @entity3 , what is the impact of different surgical approaches (MIS versus open) on local recurrence, survive rate, and complication? RESULTS: A total of 1,076 abstracts were identified using various keywords. 5 prospective (level II) and 12 retrospective articles (level III) were eligible for inclusion, involving a total of 979 cases of spine @entity3 . There were 345 cases in 8 studies regarding the clinical evaluation of MIS spinal surgery and 634 cases in 9 studies regarding the clinical evaluation of open spinal surgery for spine @entity3 . CONCLUSION: Both open spinal surgery and MIS seem to achieve the improvement of @entity158 and @entity51 through decompression and stabilization for @entity1 with spine @entity3 , but open surgery may involve more major complications with a trend of lower survival rates and higher recurrence rates compared to MIS.

title: Minimal access versus open spinal surgery in treating XXXX : a systematic review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'metastases', 'metastatic disease']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['painful spine metastasis', 'pain']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['painful spine metastasis']


abstract: To assess the efficacy of @entity3003 in @entity1 with @entity263 in terms of response rate and palliation, the Swiss Group for Clinical @entity5 Research (SAKK) conducted this phase II clinical trial (SAKK 08/91). @entity3003 400 mg/m2 was administered i.v. every 28 days to 27 @entity1 . The @entity1486 level was monitored and compared with the clinical response. @entity5 response was evaluated according to EORTC criteria. For @entity1 with nonmeasurable disease, response was defined as the absence of progression in any @entity5 localization, with no increase in @entity1486 and a decrease of at least 2 points in the WHO @entity158 score. Selected aspects of quality of life (QL) and use of analgesics were assessed to describe @entity1 ' experience of @entity137 and palliation. Only 1 @entity1 with measurable and 2 @entity1 with nonmeasurable disease achieved partial remission or a response according to our criteria. However, 13 of the 27 evaluable @entity1 had some benefit from @entity3003 therapy, as indicated by an improvement in performance status, @entity158 , and stabilization of metastases. There was no clear-cut association between clinical response and @entity1486 level. QL data suggested that @entity3003 was relatively well tolerated and confirmed the clinically documented palliation. In particular, from baseline, for at least two consecutive cycles 7 @entity1 reported either an improvement in @entity158 by 1 point or more on a 4-point scale (> or = 33%) without an increase in analgesic intake or a decrease by 50% or more in analgesic intake without an increase in @entity158 . With the dose and schedule used in this study, @entity3003 had only limited objective activity in advanced @entity263 , but induced palliation in about half the @entity1 .

title: Effect of XXXX on response and @entity263 . Swiss Group for Clinical @entity5 Research (SAKK).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['hormone-refractory prostate cancer', 'prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Tumour', 'Cancer', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['Carboplatin', 'carboplatin']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['reduction of pain', 'pain']

entities_list: @entity1486 :: ('354', 'Gene') :: ['prostate-specific antigen (PSA)', 'PSA']

answer: @entity3003 :: (MESH:D016190,Chemical) :: ['carboplatin']


abstract: Chronic @entity1031 is characterised by persistent pulmonary @entity1031 without @entity120 . Early surgical treatment with pulmonary endarterectomy may improve symptoms and prevent disease progression. We sought to assess the outcome of pulmonary endarterectomy in symptomatic @entity1 with chronic @entity1031 . @entity1 with symptomatic chronic @entity1031 and a mean pulmonary artery pressure <25 mmHg at baseline with right heart catheterisation and treated with pulmonary endarterectomy between January 2000 and July 2013 were identified. @entity1 were reassessed at 6 months and at 1 year following surgery. A total of 42 @entity1 underwent surgery and the median length of stay in hospital was 11 days. There was no in-hospital mortality but complications occurred in 40% of @entity1 . At 1 year, following surgery, 95% of the @entity1 remained alive. There was a significant symptomatic improvement with 95% of @entity1 in the New York Heart Association functional classes I or II at 6 months. There was a significant improvement in quality of life assessed by the Cambridge @entity120 outcome review questionnaire. In this carefully selected cohort of chronic @entity1031 @entity1 , pulmonary endarterectomy resulted in significant improvement in symptoms and quality of life. Appropriate @entity1 selection is paramount given the known surgical morbidity and mortality, and surgery should only be performed in expert centres.

title: Outcome of pulmonary endarterectomy in symptomatic chronic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity120 :: ('MESH:D006976', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary hypertension']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['thromboembolic disease', 'thromboembolic occlusions']

answer: @entity1031 :: (MESH:D013923,Disease) :: ['thromboembolic disease']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity131 ( @entity131 ), including mild @entity131 (mTBI), is importantly associated with @entity25 . Because sleep is required for learning, plasticity and recovery, we here evaluated the bidirectional relationship between mTBI and sleep with two specific objectives: (1) Test that mTBI rapidly impairs sleep-wake architecture and the dynamics of the electrophysiological marker of sleep homeostasis (i.e., @entity1319 sleep delta (1-4Hz) activity); (2) evaluate the impact of @entity25 following mTBI on the expression of plasticity markers that have been linked to sleep homeostasis and on genome-wide gene expression. A closed- @entity542 model was used to perform a 48h electrocorticographic (ECoG) recording in @entity19 submitted to mTBI or Sham surgery. mTBI was found to immediately decrease the capacity to sustain long bouts of wakefulness as well as the amplitude of the time course of ECoG delta activity during wakefulness. Significant changes in ECoG spectral activity during wakefulness, @entity1319 and rapid eye movement sleep were observed mainly on the second recorded day. A second experiment was performed to measure gene expression in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus after a mTBI followed either by two consecutive days of 6h @entity1949 ( @entity1949 ) or of undisturbed behavior (quantitative PCR and next-generation sequencing). mTBI modified the expression of genes involved in immunity, @entity32 and glial function (e.g., chemokines, glial markers) and @entity1949 changed that of genes linked to circadian rhythms, synaptic activity/neuronal plasticity, neuroprotection and cell death and survival. @entity1949 appeared to affect gene expression in the cerebral cortex more importantly after mTBI than Sham surgery including that of the astrocytic marker @entity9327 , which was proposed as a marker of clinical outcome after @entity131 . Interestingly, @entity1949 impacted the hippocampal expression of the plasticity elements Arc and @entity64584 only after mTBI. Overall, our findings reveal alterations in spectral signature across all vigilance states in the first days after mTBI, and show that @entity25 post-mTBI reprograms the transcriptome in a brain area-specific manner and in a way that could be deleterious to brain recovery.

title: Impact of traumatic brain injury on @entity25 , electrocorticographic activity and transcriptome in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['TBI', 'Traumatic brain injury']

entities_list: @entity1949 :: ('MESH:D012892', 'Disease') :: ['sleep deprivation', 'SD']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['head injury']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['vigilance and sleep complaints', 'sleep loss']

entities_list: @entity1319 :: ('MESH:D015835', 'Disease') :: ['non-rapid eye movement']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the value of DNA ploidy and S-phase fraction (SPF) as factors that could predict response and outcome of @entity1606 ( @entity1606 ) of the bladder to neoadjuvant @entity1499 , @entity5713 , @entity1259 and @entity900 (MVEC) chemotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-four @entity1 with localized invasive @entity1606 of the bladder (stages T3 to T4a, @entity32727 ) were treated with neoadjuvant MVEC chemotherapy. DNA flow cytometry was performed in paraffin-embedded tissue obtained by transurethral resection before chemotherapy. Radical cystectomy specimens were utilized for complete pathologic staging. The @entity5 were subdivided into high- and low-SPF @entity5 according to their SPF value. DNA ploidy status was evaluated into two groups (diploidy and nondiploidy). RESULTS: DNA ploidy was not correlated to the response to chemotherapy (p = 0.67), and overall or disease-free survival (p = 0.27 and p = 0.69, respectively). Major response (pathologic complete response and partial response) was more often found in the high SPF group than among @entity5 with low SPF (p = 0.02). @entity5 were significantly associated with increased overall and disease-free survival (p = 0.0056 and p = 0.0059, respectively). CONCLUSION: A high SPF, but not DNA ploidy, may be helpful to identify @entity1 likely to respond and survive longer following neoadjuvant MVEC chemotherapy in the treatment of @entity150 .

title: DNA ploidy and S-phase fraction as predictive factors of response and outcome following neoadjuvant XXXX , @entity5713 , @entity1259 and @entity900 (M-VEC) chemotherapy for @entity150 .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['High SPF tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1259 :: ('MESH:D015251', 'Chemical') :: ['epirubicin']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity1606 :: ('MESH:D002295', 'Disease') :: ['invasive transitional cell carcinoma', 'TCC']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['invasive bladder cancer']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

entities_list: @entity5713 :: ('MESH:D014747', 'Chemical') :: ['vinblastine']

answer: @entity1499 :: (MESH:D008727,Chemical) :: ['methotrexate']


abstract: CONTEXT: @entity774 ( @entity774 ) is lethal in its most severe forms if not treated with glucocorticoids. However, glucocorticoids may increase the risk of cardiovascular and metabolic morbidity. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to study cardiovascular and metabolic morbidity in @entity774 . DESIGN, SETTING, AND @entity1 : @entity1 with @entity12554 (n = 588; >80% with known @entity4414 mutations) were compared with controls matched for sex, year, and place of birth (n = 58 800). Data were obtained by linking national population-based registers. Subgroup analyses were performed regarding sex, clinical severity (salt wasting, simple virilizing, nonclassic), @entity4414 genotype (null, I2 splice, @entity26022 , @entity43437 ), and stratified by the introduction of neonatal screening, age groups, and nonobesity. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: To study cardiovascular and metabolic morbidity in @entity774 . RESULTS: In @entity774 , both any @entity65 (OR [odds ratio], 3.9; 95% CI [confidence interval], 3.1-5.0), and @entity65 (OR, 2.7; 95% CI, 1.9-3.9) were increased. Separate analyses of the individual diseases showed higher frequencies in @entity774 of @entity101 , @entity407 , @entity955 , @entity1211 , @entity28 , @entity6 (mainly type 2), obstructive @entity25 , @entity2743 , and @entity1375 . Similar results were seen in the stratified groups. On the subgroup level, females were generally more affected (especially @entity26022 and the nonclassic group), as were males with the null genotype. CONCLUSIONS: @entity774 was associated with excess cardiovascular and metabolic morbidity but the mechanism is not certain as the glucocorticoids were not assessed. @entity1375 and @entity28 may be an effect of close observation. However, more severe conditions were presumably detected equally in @entity1 and controls. Screening for @entity209 that increase cardiovascular risk is important.

title: Increased Cardiovascular and Metabolic Morbidity in XXXX With @entity12554 : A Swedish Population-Based National Cohort Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'PARTICIPANTS', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity407 :: ('MESH:D006949', 'Disease') :: ['hyperlipidemia']

entities_list: @entity1375 :: ('MESH:D007037', 'Disease') :: ['Hypothyroidism', 'hypothyroidism']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['sleep disorder']

entities_list: @entity2743 :: ('MESH:D006111', 'Disease') :: ['thyrotoxicosis']

entities_list: @entity12554 :: ('MESH:C535979', 'Disease') :: ['CAH due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity43437 :: ('p|SUB|P|30|L', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['P30L']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes and other metabolic disorders']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['venous thromboembolism']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease', 'cardiovascular and metabolic disorders']

entities_list: @entity774 :: ('MESH:D000312', 'Disease') :: ['CAH', 'Congenital adrenal hyperplasia']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: @entity11123 ( @entity11123 ) is a @entity21117 characterized by a variable incidence of @entity154 , @entity11126 and @entity8 . @entity11123 is associated with disruption of genomic imprinting and/or mutations in one or more genes encoded on 11p15.5, including @entity8755 ( @entity8755 ( @entity8755 )). It was hypothesized that genotypic and epigenotypic abnormalities of the 11p15.5 region affecting @entity8755 were associated with @entity8 . Medical records for 159 individuals with @entity11123 were reviewed. All underwent at least one abdominal ultrasonographic evaluation. Testing for paternal @entity8882 ( @entity8882 ) at 11p15.5, @entity8755 mutations, and imprinting defects at @entity15045 was performed for 96, 32, and 47 @entity1 , respectively. Of the 159 @entity1 , 67 (42%) exhibited @entity8 , mainly nephromegaly (25%), collecting system abnormalities (11%), and @entity8 (10.5%). The frequency of @entity8 among @entity1 who were tested for @entity74 did not differ from that among @entity1 who were not tested. Paternal @entity8882 was demonstrated in 22 of 96 cases (23%), @entity8755 mutations in eight of 32 cases (25%), and @entity15045 imprinting defects in 21 of 47 cases (45%). The 22 @entity8882 -positive @entity1 exhibited a significantly higher incidence of @entity8 (P = 0.0026). Surprisingly, the eight @entity1 with @entity8755 mutations exhibited no significant increase in the incidence of @entity8 (P = 0.29). Imprinting defects at @entity15045 , which might downregulate @entity8755 , were also not associated with a significant difference in the incidence of @entity8 . Whereas @entity8882 at 11p15.5 in @entity11123 was associated with a higher incidence of @entity8 , mutations at @entity8755 and @entity15045 imprinting defects were not, suggesting that imprinted genes on 11p15.5 other than @entity8755 are critical for renal development.

title: XXXX in @entity11123 are associated with 11p15.5 @entity8882 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['congenital anomalies']

entities_list: @entity11126 :: ('MESH:C565524', 'Disease') :: ['including hemihyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal lesions', 'renal malformations', 'renal disease', 'renal cysts', 'renal abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity11123 :: ('MESH:D001506', 'Disease') :: ['BWS', 'Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['genetic abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity8882 :: ('MESH:D024182', 'Disease') :: ['UPD', 'uniparental disomy']

entities_list: @entity21117 :: ('MESH:C537340', 'Disease') :: ['somatic overgrowth syndrome']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['Renal abnormalities']


abstract: AIMS: We aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of routine use of PCR amplification of immunoglobulin gene rearrangements in bone marrow (BM) staging in @entity1 with @entity706 ( @entity706 ). METHODS: Clonal rearrangements were assessed by immunoglobulin heavy and light-chain gene rearrangement analysis in BM aspirates from 96 @entity1 diagnosed with @entity706 and related to morphological detection of BM involvement in biopsies. In 71 @entity1 , results were also compared with concurrent flow cytometry analysis. RESULTS: BM involvement was detected by PCR in 34.4% (33/96) of @entity1 . The presence of clonal rearrangements by PCR was associated with advanced clinical stage (I-III vs IV; p<0.001), high @entity706 International Prognostic Index (FLIPI) score (0-1, 2 vs >= 3; p=0.003), and detection of BM involvement by morphology and flow cytometry analysis (p<0.001 for both). PCR-positive @entity1 had a significantly poorer survival than PCR-negative @entity1 (p=0.001, log-rank test). Thirteen @entity1 positive by PCR but without morphologically detectable BM involvement, had significantly poorer survival than @entity1 with negative morphology and negative PCR result (p=0.002). The poor survival associated with BM involvement by PCR was independent of the FLIPI score (p=0.007, Cox regression). BM involvement by morphology or flow cytometry did not show a significant impact on survival. CONCLUSIONS: Our results showed that routine use of PCR-based clonality analysis significantly improved the prognostic impact of BM staging in @entity1 with @entity706 . BM involvement by PCR was also an independent adverse prognostic factor.

title: Prognostic value of bone marrow involvement by clonal immunoglobulin gene rearrangements in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['FL', 'follicular lymphoma']

answer: @entity706 :: (MESH:D008223,Disease) :: ['follicular lymphoma']


abstract: @entity3964 is the most lethal of the @entity1 @entity311 parasites. The virulence is associated with the capacity of the infected red blood cell (iRBC) to sequester inside the deep microvasculature where it may cause obstruction of the blood-flow when binding is excessive. Rosetting, the adherence of the iRBC to uninfected erythrocytes, has been found associated with severe @entity311 and found to be mediated by the NTS-DBL1a-domain of @entity3964 Erythrocyte Membrane Protein 1 (PfEMP1). Here we show that the reactivity of plasma of Cameroonian @entity1 with the surface of the FCR3S1.2-iRBC correlated with the capacity to disrupt rosettes and with the antibody reactivity with a recombinant PfEMP1 (NTS-DBL1a of IT4var60) expressed by parasite FCR3S1.2. The plasma-reactivity in a microarray, consisting of 96 overlapping 15-mer long peptides covering the NTS-DBL1a domain from IT4var60 sequence, was compared with their capacity to disrupt rosettes and we identified five peptides where the reactivity were correlated. Three of the peptides were localized in subdomain-1 and 2. The other two peptide-sequences were localized in the NTS-domain and in subdomain-3. Further, principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least square analysis generated a model that supported these findings. In conclusion, human antibody reactivity with short linear-peptides of NTS-DBL1a of PfEMP1 suggests subdomains 1 and 2 to hold anti-rosetting epitopes recognized by anti-rosetting antibodies. The data suggest rosetting to be mediated by the variable areas of PfEMP1 but also to involve structurally relatively conserved areas of the molecule that may induce biologically active antibodies.

title: B-Cell Epitopes in NTS-DBL1a of PfEMP1 Recognized by Human Antibodies in Rosetting XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'children']

entities_list: @entity3964 :: ('5833', 'Species') :: ['Plasmodium falciparum']

answer: @entity3964 :: (5833,Species) :: ['Plasmodium falciparum']


abstract: BACKGROUND: When spinal fusion is applied to @entity179 with instability, @entity1347 will be an issue in the future. However, decompression alone could cause recurrence of spinal canal stenosis because of increased instability on operated segments and lead to revision surgery. Covering the disadvantages of both procedures, we applied nonfusion stabilization with the Segmental Spinal Correction System (Ulrich Medical, Ulm, Germany) and decompression. METHODS: The surgical results of 52 @entity1 (35 @entity1 and 17 @entity1 ) with a minimum 2-year follow-up were analyzed: 10 @entity1 with lumbar spinal canal stenosis, 15 with @entity2649 with disc herniation, 20 with degenerative spondylolisthesis, 6 with disc herniation, and 1 with @entity2649 . RESULTS: The Japanese Orthopaedic Association score was improved, from 14.4    5.3 to 25.5    2.8. The improvement rate was 76%. Range of motion of the operated segments was significantly decreased, from 9.6      4.2   to 2.0      1.8  . Only 1 @entity1 had adjacent segment disease that required revision surgery. There was only 1 screw breakage, but the @entity1 was asymptomatic. CONCLUSIONS: Over a minimum 2-year follow-up, the results of nonfusion stabilization with the Segmental Spinal Correction System for unstable @entity179 were good. It is necessary to follow up the cases with a focus on adjacent segment disorders in the future.

title: Surgical results of dynamic nonfusion stabilization with the Segmental Spinal Correction System for XXXX with instability: Minimum 2-year follow-up.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1347 :: ('MESH:C537775', 'Disease') :: ['adjacent segment disorder']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['degenerative lumbar disease', 'degenerative lumbar spinal disease']

entities_list: @entity2649 :: ('MESH:C563613', 'Disease') :: ['lumbar discopathy', 'lumbar canal stenosis']

answer: @entity179 :: (MESH:D019636,Disease) :: ['degenerative lumbar spinal diseases']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity8778 ( @entity8778 ) is a purine @entity2353 analog with cytotoxic activity against both resting and proliferating cells. Clinical studies with @entity8778 have reported antitumor activity against various @entity1583 . METHODS: The authors studied responses to @entity8778 among @entity1 with low and intermediate grade @entity1893 that had been refractory to or relapsed after prior chemotherapy. @entity8778 was given intravenously over 2 hours at a dose of 0.14 mg/kg daily for 5 consecutive days, repeated every 4 weeks. RESULTS: Twenty-eight @entity1 (16 males, 12 females) with a median age of 58 years (range, 41-75 years) were accrued. Twenty-three @entity1 had low grade and 5 had intermediate @entity706 . Stage IV disease was present in 22 (79%), and 17 (61%) had systemic B-symptoms. The majority (57%) had received 2 or more prior chemotherapy regimens (median, 2; range, 1-5); 6 had had prior @entity3118 therapy. Major responses were documented in 32% (9 of 28 @entity1 ), with 4 complete remissions (CR) and 5 partial remissions (PR) after a median of 4 cycles (range, 1-9). One CR occurred in one @entity1 with intermediate grade @entity4812 , and three of six @entity1 who had had prior fludarabine therapy experienced CR or PR with @entity8778 . Severe hematologic @entity137 included reversible @entity1398 , protracted @entity882 , and @entity2905 . Other reported adverse effects included mild-to-moderate @entity1295 , @entity390 , and @entity294 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity8778 is an active single agent in the treatment of @entity1 with refractory or relapsed advanced stage @entity706 , with major responses in one third of @entity1 .

title: XXXX in the treatment of advanced relapsed or refractory low and intermediate grade @entity1893 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity8778 :: ('MESH:D017338', 'Chemical') :: ['Cladribine', '2-chlorodeoxyadenosine', 'cladribine']

entities_list: @entity2353 :: ('CHEBI:33838', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleoside']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['grade lymphoma', 'indolent lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity2905 :: ('MESH:D008231', 'Disease') :: ['lymphopenia']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity4812 :: ('MESH:D016403', 'Disease') :: ['diffuse large cell lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity3118 :: ('MESH:C024352', 'Chemical') :: ['fludarabine']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity1583 :: ('MESH:D019337', 'Disease') :: ['hematologic malignancies']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ["non-Hodgkin's lymphoma"]

answer: @entity8778 :: (MESH:D017338,Chemical) :: ['Cladribine']