abstract: @entity1002 formation and resolution were studied by serial echocardiography in 38 @entity1 with @entity583 . Twenty (52.6%) @entity1 developed @entity715 . Cumulative rates were: 12/20 (60%) at 24 h (+/-24 h), 17/20 (85%) at 72 h (+/-24 h), and 19/20 (95%) at 120 h (+/-24 h). Early @entity715 formation was associated with worse left ventricular wall motion relative to those with delayed @entity715 development (P=0.00016). In @entity1 with initially normal echocardiograms, subsequent @entity715 formation was associated with wall motion deterioration (P=0.016). A @entity715 occurred in 16/28 (57.1%) @entity1 given streptokinase. Heparin and @entity1229 were given in case of @entity715 formation. Among survivors with @entity715 , resolution occurred with a cumulative rate of 1/18 (5.6%) at 72 h (+/-24 h), 2/18 (11.1%) at 120 h (+/-24 h), 10/18 (55.6%) at 3 months (+/-1 week) and 16/18 (88.9%) at 6 months (+/-1 week). No @entity887 occurred. @entity1002 formation occurs often and early after @entity583 , even when streptokinase is given. Delayed @entity715 formation is associated with wall motion deterioration. @entity715 resolution occurs frequently during anticoagulation and seems not associated with increased embolic risk.

title: XXXX formation and resolution in acute @entity583 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1229 :: ('MESH:D014859', 'Chemical') :: ['warfarin']

entities_list: @entity887 :: ('MESH:D004617', 'Disease') :: ['embolic events']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['acute anterior myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombus', 'Thrombus']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['Left ventricular thrombus']

answer: @entity1002 :: (MESH:D018487,Disease) :: ['Left ventricular thrombus']


abstract: 1. Arterial plasma @entity112 concentrations, forced expiratory volume in 1.0 s (FEV1.0) and peak expiratory flow rate were determined in nine @entity1 with exercise-induced @entity565 and in five control subjects before and after 8 min of cycle-ergometer exercise. 2. In the controls neither FEV1.0 nor peak expiratory flow rate fell by more than 5% in any individual during the 30 min postexercise period. The @entity748 @entity1 all experienced a fall in FEV1.0 or peak expiratory flow rate, or both, of 15% or more in the period 5-20 min after completion of the exercise. 3. There was no difference between the control subjects and the @entity748 @entity1 in the plasma @entity112 response to exercise. In both groups there was an insignificant rise of about 40% during exercise, although the initial levels were higher in the @entity748 @entity1 . 4. The mean plasma @entity112 peak of the @entity748 @entity1 preceded the mean maximal fall of FEV1.0 and peak expiratory flow rate by approximately 15 min. However, no positive correlation was found between rise in, or peak, plasma @entity112 levels and decrease in lung function. 5. Three non-atopic @entity748 @entity1 had a significantly higher mean plasma @entity112 concentration during exercise than had the atopic subjects. 6. A strong positive correlation in @entity748 @entity1 , and @entity748 and control subjects together was found between age and mean postexercise plasma @entity112 concentrations. 7. The results do not support a direct role for @entity112 in the production of exercise-induced @entity565 .

title: Arterial plasma @entity112 after exercise in normal individuals an in XXXX with exercise-induced @entity565 .

entities_list: @entity748 :: ('MESH:D013224', 'Disease') :: ['asthmatic']

entities_list: @entity112 :: ('MESH:D006632', 'Chemical') :: ['histamine']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Less invasive treatment is the current trend in many surgical fields. Most @entity1 with early @entity356 do not have lymph node @entity3 . Thus extensive resection of the stomach and extended lymph node dissection do not appear to be necessary. METHODS: In a retrospective study, 890 consecutive @entity1 with early @entity356 who had undergone standard gastrectomy were assessed for depth of invasion, gross appearance, and maximum diameter of the @entity5 to examine the possibility of limiting the extent of lymph node dissection. A variety of limited gastrectomies have been developed and now include @entity33 , wedge resection, segmental gastrectomy, limited proximal gastrectomy, and distal hemigastrectomy. RESULTS: A retrospective study revealed that extensive lymph node dissection did not improve the survival of @entity1 with early @entity356 . Endoscopic mucosal resection was suitable for @entity5 of the depressed type of less than 1 cm in diameter and the elevated type of less than 2 cm in diameter. Wedge, segmental, or limited proximal gastrectomy was suitable for the elevated type of 2 to 3 cm in diameter. The elevated type of more than 3 cm in diameter and the depressed type of 1 to 3 cm in diameter sometimes involved @entity3 to group 1 nodes. The depressed type of more than 3 cm in diameter sometimes involved @entity3 to group 2 nodes. Thus such cases should be treated by gastrectomy with dissection of potentially metastatic lymph nodes. CONCLUSIONS: Limitation of the extent of gastrectomy and lymph node dissection may be possible, depending on the gross appearance and size of the @entity5 .

title: Less invasive surgery for early XXXX based on the low probability of lymph node @entity3 .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancers']

entities_list: @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['endoscopic mucosal resection']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['gastric cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of intravitreal bevacizumab for @entity1940 resulting from presumed @entity3219 . METHODS: This is a chart review of retrospective consecutive case series in which intravitreal bevacizumab (1.25 mg) was injected into 24 eyes with @entity1940 resulting from presumed @entity3219 . Visual acuity was measured in all @entity1 . Optical coherence tomography and/or @entity941 angiography was performed before and after treatment. The minimum follow-up time was 3 months. Retreatment criteria included failure to improve visual acuity and/or persistent leakage as determined by optical coherence tomography or @entity941 angiography. RESULTS: @entity1 ' mean age was 43.08 years (standard deviation, 13.58 years) and mean follow-up was 31.8 weeks (standard deviation, 20.79 weeks). The average number of bevacizumab injections was 6.8 injections/year. After 3 months, visual acuity improved from mean logMAR 0.76 +/- 0.48 (Snellen equivalent of 20/114) to mean logMAR 0.45 +/- 0.47 (Snellen equivalent of 20/55) (P < 0.001, paired t test; n = 24). After 12 months, visual acuity improved from mean logMAR 0.86 +/- 0.35 (Snellen equivalent of 20/150) to mean logMAR 0.34 +/- 0.33 (Snellen equivalent of 20/45) (P = 0.006, paired t test; n = 9). Fourteen (58.3%) eyes had final visual acuity of 20/40 or better compared with 5 (20.8%) eyes at baseline (P = 0.003, McNemar test). Ten @entity1 (41.6%) had visual acuity of 20/200 or worse at baseline compared with 5 (20.8%) eyes at the final visit (P = 0.059, McNemar test). CONCLUSION: Intravitreal injection of bevacizumab seems to be an effective treatment for @entity1940 resulting from presumed @entity3219 .

title: Intravitreal bevacizumab for XXXX secondary to presumed @entity3219 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1940 :: ('MESH:D020256', 'Disease') :: ['choroidal neovascularization']

entities_list: @entity941 :: ('MESH:D019793', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorescein']

entities_list: @entity3219 :: ('MESH:D006660', 'Disease') :: ['ocular histoplasmosis syndrome']

answer: @entity1940 :: (MESH:D020256,Disease) :: ['choroidal neovascularization']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of inhaled @entity842 (NO) and an infusion of prostacyclin (PGI2) on right ventricular function in @entity1 with severe @entity649 ( @entity649 ). DESIGN: Randomized prospective short-term study. SETTING: Post-surgical ICU in an university hospital. @entity1 : 10 @entity1 with severe @entity649 referred to our hospital for intensive care. INTERVENTIONS: In random sequence the @entity1 inhaled NO at a concentration of 18 parts per million (ppm) followed by 36 ppm, and received an intravenous infusion of PGI2 (4 ng.kg-1.min-1). MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: Inhalation of 18 ppm NO reduced the mean (+/- SE) pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) from 33 +/- 2 to 28 +/- 1 mmHg (p = 0.008), increased right ventricular ejection fraction (RVEF), as assessed by thermodilution technique, from 28 +/- 2 to 32 +/- 2% (p = 0.005), decreased right ventricular end-diastolic volume index from 114 +/- 6 to 103 +/- 8 ml.m-2 (p = 0.005) and right ventricular end-systolic volume index from 82 +/- 4 to 70 +/- 5 ml.m-2 (p = 0.009). Mean arterial pressure (MAP) and cardiac index (CI) did not change significantly. The effects of 36 ppm NO were not different from the effects of 18 ppm NO. Infusion of PGI2 reduced PAP from 34 +/- 2 to 30 +/- 2 mmHg (p = 0.02), increased RVEF from 29 +/- 2 to 32 +/- 2% (p = 0.02). Right ventricular end-diastolic and end-systolic volume indices did not change significantly. MAP decreased from 80 +/- 4 to 70 +/- 5 mmHg (p = 0.03), and CI increased from 4.0 +/- 0.5 to 4.5 +/- 0.5 l.min-1.m-2 (p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Using a new approach to selective pulmonary vasodilation by inhalation of NO, we demonstrate in this group of @entity649 @entity1 that an increase in RVEF is not necessarily associated with a rise in CI. The increase in CI during PGI2 infusion is probably related to the systemic effect of this substance.

title: Effects of inhaled @entity842 on right ventricular function in severe XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity649 :: ('MESH:D012128', 'Disease') :: ['ARDS', 'acute respiratory distress syndrome']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

answer: @entity649 :: (MESH:D012128,Disease) :: ['acute respiratory distress syndrome']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To summarize current knowledge on prevalence, characteristics and ethiopathogenical hypothesis concerning @entity250 in @entity1 with chronic @entity2371 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: Review of articles published on this subject in the Medline (PubMed) database, selected according to their scientific relevance. RESULTS: In the male subject, most frequent @entity250 are @entity323 and ejaculation disturbance ( @entity2754 , @entity158 ). Chronic epididymal and @entity158 has a negative impact on the quality of sexual intercourse and satisfaction of both partners. Association between lower urinary tract symptoms--frequent in the event of chronic @entity2371 --and @entity250 has been proved. Change in spermatic parameters exists in the event of chronic @entity2371 , but their impact on male fertility has not yet been established. In the female subject, @entity250 is less studied. However, effect of chronic pelvic and perineal @entity158 on female @entity1 sexuality cannot be ignored, as they can affect all components of the sexual cycle. There is no data published on the link between @entity249 and chronic pelvic and perineal @entity158 in the female subject. CONCLUSIONS: Allowing to the frequency of @entity250 and its impact on quality of life, sexual function assessment must be a part of every consultation for chronic pelvic and perineal @entity158 .

title: [Impact of chronic XXXX on sexual functions and fertility].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity323 :: ('MESH:D007172', 'Disease') :: ['erectile dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity249 :: ('MESH:D007246', 'Disease') :: ['infertility']

entities_list: @entity2371 :: ('MESH:D017699', 'Disease') :: ['pelvic pain', 'pelvic pain syndrome']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['painful ejaculation', 'pain', 'testicular pain']

entities_list: @entity2754 :: ('MESH:D061686', 'Disease') :: ['premature ejaculation']

entities_list: @entity250 :: ('MESH:D012735', 'Disease') :: ['sexuality and fertility dysfunctions', 'sexual dysfunction', 'sexual dysfunctions']

answer: @entity2371 :: (MESH:D017699,Disease) :: ['pelvic pain']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Introduction. @entity4147 ( @entity4147 ) or @entity4148 is an extremely rare syndrome. Three clinical findings define the syndrome: insensitivity to @entity158 , impossibility to sweat, and @entity1032 . This pathology is caused by a genetic mutation in the @entity2250 gene, which encodes a @entity4149 receptor ( @entity2250 ) for @entity4150 ( @entity4150 ). Methods. The consultation of a @entity1 female in our center with @entity4147 and a @entity174 in @entity1516 encouraged us to carefully review literature and examine the therapeutic possibilities. A thorough review of literature published in Pubmed was done about @entity4147 and other connected medical issues mentioned in the paper. Conclusions. The therapeutic approach of @entity4147 remains unclear. The preventive approach remains the only possible treatment of @entity4147 . We propose two new important concepts in the therapeutic approach for these @entity1 : (1) early surgical treatment for long @entity174 to prevent @entity1516 and to allow early weight bearing, decreasing the risk of further @entity2331 , and (2) @entity171 to avoid the progression of @entity2331 and to reduce the number of consecutive @entity174 .

title: Update Review and Clinical Presentation in Congenital Insensitivity to XXXX and Anhidrosis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'child']

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['mental retardation']

entities_list: @entity4147 :: ('MESH:D009477', 'Disease') :: ['Congenital insensitivity to pain and anhidrosis', 'CIPA']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'tibia fracture', 'bone fractures']

entities_list: @entity171 :: ('MESH:D004164', 'Chemical') :: ['bisphosphonates']

entities_list: @entity2331 :: ('MESH:D001851', 'Disease') :: ['osteopenia']

entities_list: @entity4150 :: ('4803', 'Gene') :: ['nerve growth factor', 'NGF']

entities_list: @entity4148 :: ('MESH:D001342', 'Disease') :: ['hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type IV']

entities_list: @entity1516 :: ('MESH:D011542', 'Disease') :: ['pseudoarthrosis']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['Pain']


abstract: @entity7425 and @entity8580 metabolism was compared in @entity11 (C6), @entity521 (N1E-115) and @entity11 hybrid ( @entity19 ) cells. All cell lines had similar proportions of @entity4357 (PI), @entity1076 ( @entity18685 ), and @entity1078 (PIP2). @entity521 and hybrid cells had almost identical phospholipid and phosphoinositide compositions and similar activities for the enzymes metabolizing polyphosphoinositides (PI kinase, PIP phosphatase, PIP kinase, PIP2 phosphatase, PIP2 phosphodiesterase). @entity11 cells differed by having greater proportions of @entity8398 plasmalogen and @entity4291 , lower PIP kinase, 3-5-fold higher PIP phosphatase activity and 10-15-fold greater PIP2 phosphodiesterase activity. Higher PIP phosphatase and PIP2 diesterase activities appear to be characteristic of cells of glial origin, since similar activities were found in primary cultures of astroglia. @entity11 cells also metabolize @entity8580 differently. In pulse and pulse-chase experiments, @entity11 cells transported @entity8580 into a much larger water-soluble intracellular pool and maintained a concentration gradient 30-times greater than @entity521 cells. Label in intracellular @entity8580 was less than in @entity4357 in @entity521 and exchanged rapidly with extracellular @entity8580 . In @entity11 , labeling of intracellular @entity8580 greatly exceeded that of @entity4357 . As a consequence, radioactivity in prelabeled @entity4357 could not be effectively chased from @entity11 cells by excess unlabeled @entity8580 . Such differences between cells of neuronal and glial origin suggest different and possibly supportive roles for these two cell types in maintaining functions regulated through phosphoinositide-linked signalling systems in the central nervous system.

title: Differences in the metabolism of XXXX and @entity4357 by cultured cells of neuronal and glial origin.

entities_list: @entity8398 :: ('MESH:D019856', 'Chemical') :: ['ethanolamine']

entities_list: @entity8580 :: ('MESH:D007294', 'Chemical') :: ['inositol']

entities_list: @entity7425 :: ('CHEBI:18179', 'Chemical') :: ['Phosphoinositide']

entities_list: @entity1078 :: ('CHEBI:18348', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate']

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['neuroblastoma X glioma', 'Glioma', 'glioma']

entities_list: @entity521 :: ('MESH:D009447', 'Disease') :: ['neuroblastoma', 'Neuroblastoma']

entities_list: @entity1076 :: ('MESH:C037178', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate']

entities_list: @entity4357 :: ('MESH:D010716', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphoinositides', 'phosphatidylinositol']

entities_list: @entity4291 :: ('CHEBI:17636', 'Chemical') :: ['sphingomyelin']

answer: @entity8580 :: (MESH:D007294,Chemical) :: ['inositol']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the hypothesis that genetic variations of the @entity5752 ( @entity5752 ) gene influence risk for the development of @entity295 and @entity881 ( @entity881 ) in @entity1 with @entity130 . BACKGROUND: @entity5752 plays a central role in innate immune response as the first line of defense and directing the microbial-induced activation of the inflammatory host response. Although a total of 112 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been identified so far within the entire @entity5752 gene, only a few SNPs have been studied. METHODS: Nine haplotype tagging SNPs (htSNPs) were selected from 51 SNPs with a minor allele frequency of >= 5% using the HapMap database for the Chinese Han population. Two independent cohorts of @entity130 @entity1 were recruited. The 9 htSNPs were genotyped using pyrosequencing method and analyzed in relation to the risk of development of @entity295 and @entity881 , @entity5752 production, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced activation of peripheral blood leukocytes. Moreover, the functionality of the @entity23813 polymorphism was assessed by the observation of its effects on the binding and activation of LPS and the @entity5752 - @entity5750 interaction. RESULTS: Among the 9 htSNPs, only the @entity23813 was significantly associated with higher susceptibility to @entity295 and @entity881 in the 2 independent cohorts of @entity130 @entity1 recruited from southwest and eastern China. This SNP was also significantly associated with LPS-induced activation of peripheral blood leukocytes. In addition, the @entity23813 polymorphism could enhance @entity5752 protein activities, showing significant increases in LPS binding to macrophages, LPS-induced cellular activation, and @entity5752 - @entity5750 interaction at the presence of the variant @entity5752 protein. CONCLUSIONS: The @entity23813 polymorphism is a functional SNP and confers host susceptibility to @entity295 and @entity881 in @entity1 with @entity130 .

title: A functional variant of lipopolysaccharide binding protein predisposes to @entity295 and @entity881 in XXXX with @entity130 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5752 :: ('3929', 'Gene') :: ['lipopolysaccharide-binding protein', 'LBP', 'Lipopolysaccharide-binding protein']

entities_list: @entity881 :: ('MESH:D009102', 'Disease') :: ['multiple organ dysfunction', 'MOD']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['major trauma']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Decellularization of pulmonary valve substitutes is believed to eliminate immunogenicity and improve conduit durability. This study focused on a detailed histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis of explanted Matrix P plus valves, following their early obstruction in pediatric @entity1 . METHODS: Occurrence of @entity82 , @entity2318 , and inflammatory infiltrates were determined in longitudinal sections of four valve specimens explanted after 12-15 months. Valves were immunohistochemically analyzed for presence of different subtypes of inflammatory cells. The expression of smooth muscle actin and @entity12020 was determined. RESULTS: We observed a foreign body-type reaction accompanied by severe @entity82 and massive @entity8233 formation around decellularized porcine valve wall, whereas the @entity1641 pericardial patch remained separated from porcine layer and acellular. Re-cellularization of decellularized matrix was low, and neovascularization was observed only in the @entity8233 and scar tissue. Inflammatory infiltrates, composed mainly of T cells, B cells, and plasma cells, as well as the presence of dendritic cells, macrophages, and mast cells were detected in the tissue surrounding the porcine matrix. In the fibrous tissue, overexpression of @entity12020 was observed. The leaflets remained functional, with normal endothelialization and no degenerative changes. Control pre-implant samples of Matrix P plus valve revealed incomplete decellularization of porcine matrix, which may have contributed to increased immunogenicity of these conduits. CONCLUSIONS: Early obstruction of decellularized Matrix P plus valve is associated with massive inflammatory reaction and exaggerated fibrotic scaring around porcine conduit wall. Detailed studies will be necessary to determine factors that contribute to remnant immunogenicity of decellularized grafts.

title: Early obstruction of decellularized xenogenic valves in pediatric XXXX : involvement of inflammatory and fibroproliferative processes.

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity2318 :: ('MESH:D002921', 'Disease') :: ['scar formation, neovascularization']

entities_list: @entity12020 :: ('1490', 'Gene') :: ['connective tissue growth factor']

entities_list: @entity8233 :: ('MESH:D058426', 'Disease') :: ['neointima']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: In 1994 a 19-year-old @entity1 presented with a few weeks history of back ache. Routine chest X-ray and CT examination revealed a lesion originating from the parietal pleura and destroying the ribs. The @entity5 was resected during thoracotomy. The histological examination raised the possibility of @entity5 . One year later the @entity5 recurred. After its re-resection, the @entity1 received radiotherapy. Three years after the initial presentation multiple pulmonary metastases developed. The @entity1 was treated with chemotherapy, receiving @entity1891 , @entity13010 and @entity786 in 8 cycles, which resulted in complete remission. Between 1998 and 1999 progressions and partial remissions were observed, while the @entity1 received further cycles of chemotherapy. Histological revision was performed in 1999 and a final diagnosis of @entity2269 of the pleura was made. Immunohistochemically co-expression of cytokeratin, @entity2277 , @entity2283 , and @entity3508 was observed. The @entity1 died in June 2000. The whole follow-up period was 76 months. We thought this case to be worth for presentation because this unusual long survival, which was probably due to the aggressive complex anticancer treatment.

title: XXXX : a case report with unusual follow-up.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['atypical carcinoid tumour', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity13010 :: ('CHEBI:47898', 'Chemical') :: ['epi-adriamycin']

entities_list: @entity2269 :: ('MESH:D058405', 'Disease') :: ['desmoplastic small round cell tumour']

entities_list: @entity1891 :: ('MESH:D014750', 'Chemical') :: ['vincristine']

answer: @entity2269 :: (MESH:D058405,Disease) :: ['Desmoplastic small round cell tumour of the pleura']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Measurement of drug concentrations in tissues would be useful for clinical pharmacokinetic studies, but appropriate experimental methods are not available at present. The aim of this study was to assess the scope and limitations of the microdialysis technique for @entity1 tissue pharmacokinetic studies. METHODS: Microdialysis probes were inserted into the medial vastus muscle or the periumbilical subcutaneous adipose layer of 13 healthy volunteers. Thereafter, volunteers received either @entity1443 ( @entity1443 , 1000 mg orally) or @entity801 (160 mg, intravenous bolus). Drug concentrations were monitored in plasma, muscle, and subcutaneous tissue. Calibration of the microdialysis probes was carried out in vitro and in vivo with use of the retrodialysis method. RESULTS: For both model compounds, complete concentration versus time profiles in muscle and subcutaneous tissue could be obtained. Major pharmacokinetic parameters (absorption half-life, elimination half-life, maximum concentration, time to reach maximum concentration, area under the curve, and area under the inhibitory curve) were calculated for tissues; tissue/plasma concentration ratios could be derived. Reproducibility of tissue drug concentration measurements was high. CONCLUSIONS: We have shown that microdialysis sampling is a suitable tool for measuring drug concentrations in @entity1 muscle and subcutaneous tissues. Microdialysis is readily applicable, relatively noninvasive, and reproducible. This technique may become a valuable addition for pharmacokinetic characterization of selected drugs.

title: Application of microdialysis to clinical pharmacokinetics in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity801 :: ('MESH:D005839', 'Chemical') :: ['gentamicin']

entities_list: @entity1443 :: ('MESH:D000082', 'Chemical') :: ['acetaminophen', 'paracetamol']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['humans']


abstract: PURPOSE: This study investigates the antiangiogenesis and antitumor efficacy of a recombinant protein composed of the three type 1 repeats (3TSR) of @entity3499 in an orthotopic @entity1 @entity788 model and provides useful preclinical data for @entity788 treatment. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: @entity1 @entity788 cells (AsPC-1) were injected into the pancreas of severe combined immunodeficient @entity19 . The animals were treated with 3TSR (3 mg per kg per day) or PBS for 3 weeks. Subsequently, the effects of 3TSR on @entity5 growth, microvessel density, @entity5 cell proliferation, apoptosis, and endothelial cell apoptosis were analyzed. The in vitro effects of 3TSR on @entity1 @entity788 cells were also studied. RESULTS: 3TSR treatment significantly reduced angiogenesis and @entity5 growth of orthotopic @entity788 . 3TSR-treated @entity19 had a 69% reduction in @entity5 volume (316.6 +/- 79.3 versus 1,012.2 +/- 364.5 mm(3); P = 0.0001), and a significant increase in @entity5 necrotic area. After 3TSR treatment, both the vessel number and average microvessel size were significantly decreased, and microvessel density was decreased from 8.0% to 3.7% (P < 0.0001). The apoptotic rate of tumoral endothelial cells in 3TSR-treated @entity5 increased to 14.7% comparing to 4.2% in control @entity5 (P < 0.0001). 3TSR showed no direct effects on @entity788 cell proliferation or apoptosis either in vivo or in vitro. CONCLUSION: 3TSR, a domain of a natural occurring angiogenesis inhibitor, showed potent therapeutic effect in @entity788 by inhibiting @entity5 angiogenesis and may prove to be a promising agent for clinical @entity788 treatment.

title: Antiangiogenic treatment with the three XXXX type 1 repeats recombinant protein in an orthotopic @entity1 @entity788 model.

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'tumors']

answer: @entity3499 :: (7057,Gene) :: ['thrombospondin-1']


abstract: Proteins phosphorylated at @entity669 residues in the developing @entity35 brain have been identified with a focus on the nerve growth cone and synaptic terminal. Endogenous protein phosphorylation in membranes from a subcellular growth cone fraction of fetal @entity35 brain revealed prominent 55-60 kD @entity10393 -containing proteins. Proteins of similar size were recognized by @entity10393 antibodies in isolated growth cone membranes, indicating that they contained @entity10393 in vivo. Proteins of 55-60 kD were not highly phosphorylated in synaptosomes from adult brain, suggesting a growth cone-specific function. Generally, @entity669 phosphorylation was much lower in adult brain than in fetal brain fractions. Although some synaptosomal membrane proteins that contained @entity10393 corresponded in size with those in growth cone membranes (92 kD, 41 kD), others were unique to synaptosomal membranes (38 kD and 30 kD). Immunoperoxidase staining of fetal @entity35 neocortex with @entity10393 antibodies at embryonic day 19 revealed immunoreactivity in presumptive migratory neuroblasts in the intermediate zone and in processes of the molecular layer. Proliferating neuroepithelial cells of the ventricular zone showed little immunoreactivity. Lower levels of @entity10393 immunoreactivity were seen until postnatal day 10, correlating with the period of maximal process outgrowth. These results indicate that protein @entity669 phosphorylation in the developing nervous system may be functionally significant in an aspect of neuronal differentiation such as growth cone-mediated process extension and cell migration. An analogous role in the mature brain may be related to synaptic plasticity or function.

title: Developmental regulation of protein @entity669 phosphorylation in XXXX brain.

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

entities_list: @entity10393 :: ('CHEBI:74956', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphotyrosine']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: PURPOSE: To assess the benefits of aggressive chemoradiation therapy followed by surgery in resectable @entity418 . METHOD: Twenty-nine @entity1 with resectable @entity189 were treated with 60 Gy of radiation (2 Gy daily for 6 weeks) and concurrent chemotherapy consisting of continuous infusion of @entity1487 (200-225 mg/m(2)/d), @entity1311 (25, 40, 50, or 60 mg/m(2)) weekly over 1 hour, and @entity900 (25 mg/m(2)) weekly immediately following @entity1311 throughout radiation. @entity1 received either 4 cycles of postoperative @entity1311 175 mg/m(2) over 3 hours and @entity900 75 mg/m(2) every 3 weeks or @entity1311 175 mg/m(2) over 3 hours and @entity900 75 mg/m(2) every 3 weeks prior to the initiation of chemoradiation. After induction therapy and restaging, esophagectomy was performed 4 to 6 weeks later. RESULTS: Twenty-seven @entity1 were eligible for study (26 @entity1 , 23 with @entity420 ). Median age was 58 years (range 30-73). The maximum tolerated dose combination was @entity1311 50 mg/m(2) over 1 hour weekly, @entity900 25 mg/m(2) over 1 hour weekly, @entity1487 200 mg/m(2)/d by continuous infusion throughout radiotherapy and radiation to 60 Gy. Twenty-two @entity1 completed therapy and underwent surgical resection. Four @entity1 had complete pathological responses and 18 had partial responses with no mortality. The commonest dose-limiting @entity137 was @entity33 and @entity2910 (n = 7). Median follow-up of 27 @entity1 was 150 weeks (range 7-303). At 2-year follow-up 16/27 (59%) were alive and 15/27 (56%) were free of disease. At 4-year follow-up 12/27 (44%) were @entity66 . Median follow-up of 22 @entity1 undergoing esophagectomy was 205 weeks (range 26-303). At 4-year follow-up 10/22 (45%) were @entity66 . For the 18 @entity1 treated at or above the maximum tolerated dose, median follow-up was 151 weeks (range 35-206) and at 3-year follow-up 9/18 (50%) were @entity66 . CONCLUSION: Aggressive combined modality therapy of @entity418 was associated with excellent long-term survival in this phase I trial.

title: Survival following intensive preoperative combined modality therapy with @entity1311 , @entity900 , @entity1487 , and radiation in resectable XXXX : a phase I report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['alive and free of disease']

entities_list: @entity2910 :: ('MESH:D004941', 'Disease') :: ['esophagitis']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['mucositis']

entities_list: @entity418 :: ('MESH:D004938', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['5-fluorouracil']

answer: @entity418 :: (MESH:D004938,Disease) :: ['esophageal carcinoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This is a prospective case-control study that was conducted to determine if the addition of intraoperative powdered @entity2176 placed directly into the wounds at the time of closure might decrease the rate of acute @entity86 after the placement of spinal cord stimulator paddle leads. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis of the author's practice from January 1, 2009 through July 31, 2012 (Table   1) showed that those @entity1 requiring a laminectomy instead of a laminotomy to insert a paddle lead had an increased rate of @entity86 . All @entity1 receiving a thoracic spinal cord stimulator paddle from January 1, 2013 through December 31, 2013 were then followed prospectively. Those @entity1 whose paddle leads could be inserted with a laminotomy were treated in a standard fashion. Those @entity1 who required a laminectomy for insertion of the paddle lead received powdered @entity2176 placed directly into the wounds prior to closure. RESULTS: One hundred and nine @entity1 underwent implantation of a permanent spinal cord stimulator paddle lead and battery between January 1 and December 31, 2013. Thirty-two of those @entity1 required a laminectomy for implantation of the paddle and received intraoperative powdered @entity2176 placed directly into both wounds at the time of closure. The remaining 77 @entity1 were treated in a standard fashion. There were no infections in the laminectomy group and two infections in the laminotomy group. CONCLUSION: This study indicates that intraoperative powdered @entity2176 placed directly into the wounds at the time of closure can produce similar infection rates between the groups of @entity1 requiring a laminectomy vs. a laminotomy for implantation of a thoracic paddle lead. These findings need confirmation by a randomized controlled design study.

title: Intraoperative Powdered XXXX Use With Paddle Lead Placement.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2176 :: ('MESH:D014640', 'Chemical') :: ['vancomycin']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['acute postop infection', 'postoperative infection']

answer: @entity2176 :: (MESH:D014640,Chemical) :: ['Vancomycin']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity409 ( @entity409 ) is a rare affliction frequently observed in association with @entity8 . Only symptomatic @entity1 require treatment, which can be conservative or surgical, i.e. laparoscopic or conventional. We report the results of our experience in the surgical management of @entity409 . METHODS: Between 1994 and 2003, 19 @entity1 (16 female, 3 male) were referred to our center for the management of @entity409 . Their median age was 50 years (range 33-72). All were symptomatic and their cysts had a median diameter of 11 cm (range 5-22). RESULTS: Laparoscopic management was undertaken in eight @entity1 , with one conversion to open technique because of @entity548 from a superficial hepatic vein. An open procedure was performed in 11 @entity1 : one left hemihepatectomy, deroofing in two @entity1 , segment resection 2/3 plus deroofing in six @entity1 , and segment resection 5/6 plus deroofing in two @entity1 . Four @entity1 had complications: one case of biliary leakage was managed conservatively; two @entity1 had pneumothorax caused by the cava catheter inserted for anesthesia, and one @entity1 's abdominal drain tore off and had to be removed by relaparotomy on the fourth postoperative day. Median follow-up of all @entity1 was 49 months (range 7-98). In one @entity1 there was symptomatic recurrence with @entity382 and compression of the inferior vena cava 84 months after the first operation. CONCLUSIONS: Careful selection of @entity1 and meticulous surgical technique are recommended in the management of @entity409 . The treatment of choice for symptomatic Gigot or Morino type 1 @entity409 is laparoscopic surgery, and for advanced stage @entity409 combined hepatic resection and cyst fenestration.

title: Surgical therapy options in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['polycystic kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['PLD', 'Polycystic liver disease', 'polycystic liver disease']

entities_list: @entity382 :: ('MESH:D006529', 'Disease') :: ['hepatomegaly']

answer: @entity409 :: (MESH:D008107,Disease) :: ['polycystic liver disease']


abstract: The aim of this study was to characterize the acute effect of euglycemic ( @entity413 5.2 +/- 0.6 mmol/l) @entity3190 (mean 118 +/- 32 mU/l) on fibrinolytic variables, free @entity1718 (FFA) and counterregulatory hormones. In addition, the effect of chronic treatment with @entity2449 , an oral antidiabetic agent which enhances insulin action, and @entity1406 CR, a relatively beta 1-selective adrenergic antagonist, was also evaluated. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study including 18 @entity28 @entity1 , aged 53 +/- 6 years, was performed. The investigations were performed after each treatment period of 6 weeks in both the postabsorptive state and during a @entity1717 . Compared to the postabsorptive state, plasminogen activator inhibitor ( @entity2289 ) activity and antigen, @entity3479 ) antigen and FFA decreased (p < 0.001) after 120 min of euglycemic @entity3190 . In addition, @entity3479 activity increased (p < 0.01) while blood levels of lipoprotein (a), @entity2661 and @entity701 remained unchanged. Growth hormone increased during the clamps and this was most pronounced after treatment with @entity1406 CR. When the effect of treatment was compared, postabsorptive levels of C-peptide, FFA and @entity3479 antigen were lower after @entity2449 than after the placebo period (p < 0.05). @entity3479 antigen also remained lower during the clamp after @entity2449 treatment. No significant effects of @entity2449 or @entity1406 CR were seen on insulin-stimulated @entity413 uptake during the clamps or on postabsorptive levels of counterregulatory hormones, @entity2289 or Lp(a).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Effects of @entity2449 and XXXX CR on hormones and fibrinolytic variables during a @entity1717 , euglycemic clamp in @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['non-obese']

entities_list: @entity2661 :: ('MESH:D002395', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamines']

entities_list: @entity1406 :: ('MESH:D008790', 'Chemical') :: ['metoprolol']

entities_list: @entity3190 :: ('MESH:D006946', 'Disease') :: ['hyperinsulinemia']

entities_list: @entity1717 :: ('MESH:D044903', 'Disease') :: ['euglycemic, hyperinsulinemic clamp']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity3479 :: ('5327', 'Gene') :: ['tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA', 't-PA']

entities_list: @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity2449 :: ('MESH:D008687', 'Chemical') :: ['metformin']

answer: @entity1406 :: (MESH:D008790,Chemical) :: ['metoprolol']


abstract: Ninety-six individuals with @entity1467 over age 35 years were evaluated and followed up for evidence of nontreatable @entity303 . @entity303 was judged to be present when a functional decline occurred in areas such as orientation, memory, verbal and motor skills, and self-care abilities. Forty-nine @entity1 with @entity1467 fit this criterion, with an average onset of @entity303 at 54.2 +/- 6.1 years. The prevalence of @entity303 in the institutionalized @entity1467 population of our study (n = 53) was 8% (2/25 @entity1 ) between 35 and 49 years, 55% (11/20 @entity1 ) between 50 and 59 years, and 75% (6/8 @entity1 ) of those over 60 years old. Of note, 41 (84%) demented individuals with @entity1467 developed @entity410 . Ten (20%) had @entity191 features. Adequately treated @entity1375 was present in 27 (59%) of 46 demented @entity1 with @entity1467 tested. The average duration of @entity303 in the 23 @entity1 who died was 4.6 +/- 3.2 years. Computed tomographic scans in 43 @entity1 all showed brain tissue loss, most pronounced in the temporal lobes. Brains from 12 autopsied cases showed large numbers of plaques and tangles in the same locations as in @entity1 with @entity195 .

title: A prospective study of @entity195 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity1375 :: ('MESH:D007037', 'Disease') :: ['hypothyroidism']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['Dementia', 'dementia']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ['parkinsonian']

entities_list: @entity1467 :: ('MESH:D004314', 'Disease') :: ['Down syndrome']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['Alzheimer disease']

answer: @entity1467 :: (MESH:D004314,Disease) :: ['Down syndrome']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To develop and assess the technical validity of new @entity3129 ( @entity3129 ) for automated analyses of optical coherence tomography (OCT) images for the purpose of screening for neovascular age-related @entity1020 . METHODS: Artificial visual techniques were used to develop the @entity3129 in two steps: normalisation and feature vector extraction from OCT images; and training and classification by means of decision trees. Technical validation was performed by a retrospective study design based on OCT images randomly extracted from clinical charts. Images were classified as normal or abnormal to serve for screening purposes. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive values and negative predictive values were obtained. RESULTS: The @entity3129 was able to quantify image information by working in the perceptually uniform hue-saturation-value colour space. Particle swarm optimisation with Haar-like features is suitable to reveal structural features in normal and abnormal OCT images. Decision trees were useful to characterise normal and abnormal images using feature vectors obtained from descriptive statistics of detected structures. The sensitivity of the @entity3129 was 96% and the specificity 92%. CONCLUSIONS: This new @entity3129 for automated analysis of OCT images offers adequate sensitivity and specificity to distinguish normal OCT images from those showing potential neovascular age-related @entity1020 . These results will enable its clinical validation and a subsequent cost-effectiveness assessment to be made before recommendations are made for population-screening purposes.

title: Development and validation of a computer-aided diagnostic tool to screen for age-related XXXX by optical coherence tomography.

entities_list: @entity1020 :: ('MESH:D008268', 'Disease') :: ['macular degeneration']

entities_list: @entity3129 :: ('MESH:D005119', 'Disease') :: ['computer-aided diagnostic software', 'CAD']

answer: @entity1020 :: (MESH:D008268,Disease) :: ['macular degeneration']


abstract: Hyperglycaemia in @entity6 @entity1 results in non-enzymatic glycation of plasma proteins, including lipoproteins such as high-density lipoproteins (HDL). We studied the effects of in vitro HDL glycation on the activity of lecithin- @entity165 acyl transferase ( @entity18894 ), a key enzyme in HDL plasma metabolism. @entity18894 was prepared from non- @entity6 subjects and HDL by sequential density ultracentrifugation (in the density range of 1.063-1.21 g/ml) from both @entity6 and non- @entity6 @entity1 . HDL from non- @entity6 @entity1 were glycated in vitro by incubating lipoproteins with 100 mmol/l @entity413 for various times at 37 degrees C with @entity9390 as reducing agent. Glycation of HDL protein was quantified by measuring the percentage of derived @entity535 residues using the TNBS assay. Kinetic parameters of @entity18894 were first determined using native HDL from non- @entity6 @entity1 and in vitro glycated HDL. With native HDL, Km and Vmax were 51.1 +/- 4.2 mumol/l (n = 8) and 12.9 +/- 2.4 nmol/ml/h (n = 8), respectively. Enzyme reactivity, calculated as the Vmax/Km ratio, was 0.25 +/- 0.04 h-1 (n = 8). In the case of moderate glycation (derived residues < 30%; n = 19) a significant increase in both Km (18.2 +/- 3.4%; mean +/- S.D.) and Vmax (9.3 +/- 2.4%) was observed. In contrast, with a high level of glycation (derived residues > 30%; n = 8), both parameters fell (Km, 25 +/- 6.3%; Vmax, 34.1 +/- 3.3%). In addition, whatever the level of glycation, enzyme reactivity was lower in the presence of in vitro glycated HDL. This decrease in @entity18894 reactivity was not due to a peroxidative process nor to an alteration of the protein and lipid composition of in vitro glycated HDL. It could, however, be explained by glycation of @entity376 residues in @entity1675 , which is the most potent activator of @entity18894 . In a second series of experiments, native @entity2101 were used as @entity18894 substrate. No alteration in Km values was observed, but there was a significant decrease in both Vmax (28%) and enzyme reactivity (32%). This difference in Km and Vmax alterations between native @entity6 HDL and in vitro glycated HDL with low levels of glycation might be explained by the impact of physiological modifications, other than glycation, which could differently affect the chemicophysical properties of HDL in @entity6 @entity1 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: Reactivity of lecithin- XXXX acyl transferase ( @entity18894 ) towards glycated high-density lipoproteins (HDL).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity9390 :: ('MESH:C009282', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium cyanoborohydride']

entities_list: @entity376 :: ('CHEBI:25094', 'Chemical') :: ['lysine']

entities_list: @entity1675 :: ('335', 'Gene') :: ['apolipoprotein A-I']

entities_list: @entity2101 :: ('MESH:C538394', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic HDL preparations']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity165 :: (MESH:D002784,Chemical) :: ['cholesterol']


abstract: Seed dormancy is essential for most plants to control the timing of germination. In @entity958 , @entity24025 is a single-copy gene encoding an @entity855 -binding cassette transporter that is required for peroxisomal @entity844 beta-oxidation. @entity24025 is involved in the import of several biologically important molecules into the peroxisome, including very-long-chain @entity1718 associated with the breakdown of seed-reserve lipids, and precursors of auxin and @entity7214 . The germination of @entity24025 mutants is significantly impaired, suggesting that @entity24025 regulates dormancy and germination. A transcriptome analysis revealed that many genes containing the core motif of the ABA responsive element (ABRE) in their promoter regions, and the @entity13126 ( @entity13126 ) transcription factor that binds to ABRE, are abnormally up-regulated in imbibed @entity24025 seeds. Expression of polygalacturonase inhibiting proteins (PGIPs) is also up-regulated specifically in @entity24025 after imbibition. By contrast, the @entity24025 @entity13126 double mutant does not show any of these expression patterns. The results indicate that the @entity13126 mutation normalizes PGIP expression and rescues the impaired germination phenotype of the @entity24025 mutant. PGIPs are known to act as inhibitors of polygalacturonases that degrade pectin. The amount of @entity24026 transcript regulates the timing of radicle protrusion. The impaired germination of @entity24025 could also be rescued by removal of pectin from the seed coat using exogenous polygalacturonase or acidic conditions. Overall, our results suggest that @entity24025 , a peroxisomal @entity24027 , promotes seed germination by suppressing PGIPs under the control of @entity13126 .

title: A peroxisomal @entity24027 promotes seed germination by inducing pectin degradation under the control of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity844 :: ('CHEBI:35366', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity7214 :: ('MESH:C011006', 'Chemical') :: ['jasmonic acid']

entities_list: @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity958 :: ('3702', 'Species') :: ['Arabidopsis thaliana']

answer: @entity13126 :: (818199(Tax:3702),Gene) :: ['ABI5']


abstract: Importance: Airway stenosis occurs in @entity1 with @entity2883 with @entity2883 (GPA or Wegener @entity2883 ). It produces significant morbidity and contributes to mortality. Objective: To investigate the frequency and distribution of airway stenoses in GPA and evaluate the efficacy of local interventions in maintaining airway patency. Design, Setting, and @entity1 : A retrospective single-center study of 44 @entity1 with GPA and airway stenosis assessed and treated as needed by a multidisciplinary team at a university medical center between 1997 and 2012. The median duration of observation for each @entity1 from the time of diagnosis was 146 months. Interventions: @entity1 who had critical stenoses underwent either dilatation or laser radial cuts to the lesion. In some cases, intralesional administration of @entity230 or topical @entity1138 was used. Main Outcomes and Measures: The main outcome measure was airway patency for at least 12 months and the number of interventions required to achieve this end point. Details of @entity1 and interventions were recorded at baseline and at each treatment. Results: The median age at diagnosis was 37.6 years; 73% of @entity1 were @entity1 (n   =   34). The median follow-up after the initial intervention was 62.5 months. @entity5142 was found in 36 @entity1 , lower airway stenosis in 30. There were 213 interventions in 39 @entity1 , including @entity384 and laser treatment. Adjuvant local treatment was used in 71 interventions. A 12-month period of airway stability was achieved in 34 of 36 cases (97%) (5 had no procedures and 3 had follow-up shorter than 12 months). The median interval between procedures was 4.9 months, and after the last intervention recorded, @entity1 had at least 27 months of airway stability. Fourteen adverse events were recorded (6.6%). Conclusions and Relevance: The frequency and distribution of airway stenoses in 44 @entity1 with GPA has been described. In the 39 @entity1 who required intervention, multiple procedures were required, but 97% then achieved a prolonged period of airway patency. The procedures and adjuvant treatments were found to be safe. Our experience with a variety of techniques in this rare presentation has permitted design of a structured approach and an algorithm to manage and evaluate airway stenosis in GPA.

title: Long-term Outcome of Airway Stenosis in @entity2883 With @entity2883 ( XXXX ): An Observational Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['balloon and bougie dilatation']

entities_list: @entity1138 :: ('MESH:D016685', 'Chemical') :: ['mitomycin C']

entities_list: @entity5142 :: ('MESH:D007829', 'Disease') :: ['Subglottic stenosis']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity2883 :: ('MESH:D014890', 'Disease') :: ['polyangiitis', 'granulomatosis']

answer: @entity2883 :: (MESH:D014890,Disease) :: ['Wegener Granulomatosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Translating Initiatives in Depression into Effective Solution (TIDES) aimed to translate research-based collaborative care for @entity308 into an approach for the Veterans Health Administration (VA). SITES: Three multistate administrative regions and seven of their medium-sized primary care practices. INTERVENTION: Researchers assisted regional leaders in adapting research-based @entity308 care models using evidence-based quality improvement (EBQI) methods. EVALUATION: We evaluated model fidelity and impacts on @entity1 . Trained @entity308 care managers collected data on @entity1 adherence and outcomes. RESULTS: Among 72% (128) of the 178 @entity1 followed in primary care with @entity308 care manager assistance during the 3-year study period, mean PHQ-9 scores dropped from 15.1 to 4.7 (p < .001). A total of 87% of @entity1 achieved a PHQ-9 score lower than 10 (no major @entity308 ). 62% achieved a score lower than six (symptom resolution). Care managers referred 28% (50) TIDES @entity1 to @entity1032 ( @entity1032 ). In the @entity1032 -referred group, mean PHQ-9 scores dropped from 16.4 to 9.0 (p < .001). A total of 58% of @entity1032 -referred @entity1 achieved a PHQ-9 score lower than 10, and 40%, a score less than 6. Over the 2 years following the initial development phase reported here, national policymakers endorsed TIDES through national directives and financial support. CONCLUSIONS: TIDES developed an evidence-based @entity308 collaborative care prototype for a large health care organization (VA) using EBQI methods. As expected, care managers referred sicker @entity1 to mental health specialists; these @entity1 also improved. Overall, TIDES achieved excellent overall @entity1 outcomes, and the program is undergoing national spread.

title: Using evidence-based quality improvement methods for translating XXXX collaborative care research into practice.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['MHS', 'mental health specialty']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['nurse depression', 'depression']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['depression']


abstract: This study reviews 21 cases of @entity706 diagnosed between 1969 and 1980. The thyroid gland was the primary site in all but two cases. The 20 @entity1 with @entity1893 had a mean age of 66 years, 75% were @entity1 , and all were Caucasian. A rapidly growing @entity1374 with @entity7374 , @entity1282 , and difficulty in breathing was the initial finding. Most @entity1 had @entity4812 . Associated @entity2621 was found histologically in 57% of the cases. Using the immunoperoxidase stain method on tissue sections, intracytoplasmic monoclonal immunoglobulin was demonstrated in 5 of 15 cases. All but two @entity1 received radiation therapy, and 13 received chemotherapy. The median survival was 8 months; 20% died of unrelated causes and 32% are alive (average duration: 27 months). Dissemination, after local control by radiation therapy, was the leading cause of @entity204 . The prognosis was better in @entity1 , in @entity1 under the age of 65 years, and in those @entity1 who, on biopsy, did not have involvement of the extrathyroid soft tissue or regional lymph nodes.

title: XXXX : a clinicopathologic study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity2621 :: ('MESH:D050031', 'Disease') :: ['Hashimoto thyroiditis']

entities_list: @entity4812 :: ('MESH:D016403', 'Disease') :: ['diffuse histiocytic lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity7374 :: ('MESH:D006685', 'Disease') :: ['hoarseness']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['dysphagia']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ['non-Hodgkin lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity1374 :: ('MESH:D013959', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid mass']

answer: @entity706 :: (MESH:D008223,Disease) :: ['Malignant lymphoma of the thyroid gland']


abstract: Biological material was taken from @entity235 with @entity294 . Faecal samples were taken from within live animals and intestinal tract fragments (i.e. small intestine, and stomach) were taken from dead animals. In total, 18 specimens were investigated from @entity235 housed alone or in large groups. To test for the presence of the virus, latex (On Site Biotech, Uppsala, Sweden) and direct immunofluorescence tests were performed. At the same time, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with primers complementary to a conservative region of @entity17399 / @entity17400 was carried out. The products of amplification were analysed on 2% agarose gel. The purified products were cloned with the Template Generation System (Finnzymes, Espoo, Finland) using a transposition reaction and positive clones were searched using the 'colony screening by PCR' method. The sequencing gave 12 sequences of @entity17399 / @entity17400 gene fragments that were of high similarity. Among the 12 analysed sequences, six exhibited 88% similarity, four exhibited 100% similarity and two exhibited 71% similarity.

title: Phylogenetic similarity of the canine parvovirus wild-type isolates on the basis of XXXX / @entity17400 gene fragment sequence analysis.

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhoea']

answer: @entity17399 :: (1489587(Tax:10788),Gene) :: ['VP1']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity684 is safe and effective in immunocompetent @entity1 , and prophylactic use is recommended during @entity683 outbreaks. However, no data exist regarding the use of @entity684 as prophylaxis among @entity1 undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). METHODS: In January 2002, an @entity683 outbreak was identified when 4 cases occurred within 1 week at an outpatient residential facility for @entity1 undergoing HSCT. @entity684 prophylaxis (75 mg per day) was initiated for all asymptomatic @entity1 living in the housing facility. Retrospectively, 45 @entity1 (25 of whom had undergone HSCT, and 20 of whom were pre-HSCT candidates) who received @entity684 prophylaxis were evaluated for adverse events. These 45 @entity1 were matched 1 : 1 with control subjects who received transplants during the period 1994-2003 and did not receive prophylaxis; they were matched according to donor type, conditioning regimen, @entity2803 serostatus, time after HSCT, and recipient age (+/-5 years). The frequency of clinical and laboratory adverse events was determined by chart review and graded using National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria. RESULTS: Forty-five residents received @entity684 for a median of 17 days (range, 10-81 days). No new cases of @entity683 occurred in the facility. Seven weeks after initiation of prophylaxis, 1 resident who had been noncompliant to prophylaxis developed an @entity2623 , followed by an additional case of @entity683 B that occurred in a @entity1 who had not received prophylaxis. No @entity204 occurred that were attributable to prophylaxis. The proportions of clinical and laboratory adverse events meeting common terminology criteria grades 2-4 or 3-4 were not significantly different between the case @entity1 who received @entity684 prophylaxis and control subjects. CONCLUSION: @entity684 prophylaxis appeared to be safe and well tolerated in managing an @entity683 outbreak in an HSCT outpatient residence.

title: Safety and tolerability of XXXX prophylaxis in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients: a retrospective case-control study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity2803 :: ('MESH:D003586', 'Disease') :: ['cytomegalovirus']

entities_list: @entity684 :: ('MESH:D053139', 'Chemical') :: ['Oseltamivir', 'oseltamivir']

entities_list: @entity683 :: ('MESH:D007251', 'Disease') :: ['influenza', 'influenza A']

entities_list: @entity2623 :: ('MESH:C531629', 'Disease') :: ['influenza B infection']

answer: @entity684 :: (MESH:D053139,Chemical) :: ['oseltamivir']


abstract: Among contemporary problems of cardiovascular therapy, @entity158 management in the cardiac @entity1 is an important issue. Correct selection of a suitable analgesic drug is important in the acute phase of @entity583 because @entity158 relief prevents adrenergic response which aggravates unbalance between myocardial @entity26 supply and demands. Until today @entity1286 has been the best choice, nevertheless its side effects and limited availability demands pharmacological alternatives. @entity6882 has been used for this purpose although its anticholinergic and narcotic profiles do not fulfill the therapeutic requirements. @entity13483 is a codeine derivative which retains analgesic potency without other narcotic side effects and which presents an antagonistic profile for the remainder of opiate effects. Preliminary studies demonstrate that @entity13483 lacks cardiovascular side effects. @entity13483 also shows antiarrhythmic effects in experimental models such as in @entity35 in which @entity943 were induced by coronary ligation. In this paper a morphologic analysis with electron microscopy was done on adjacent myocardial tissue next to an area of @entity1188 . Experimental @entity583 was induced by ligation of descendant branch of left coronary artery, four hours prior to @entity35 sacrifice and suitable samples for ultrastructure study were obtained. The experiments demonstrate that a group of @entity35 that received 3.1 mg/kg of @entity13483 had less expressions of cellular damage when compared with similar myocardial areas of a control group of @entity35 .

title: [Effect of XXXX on the dimensions of the @entity583 and the ultrastructural changes in the adjacent tissue].

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity13483 :: ('MESH:C025489', 'Chemical') :: ['conorphone', 'Conorphone']

entities_list: @entity6882 :: ('MESH:D008614', 'Chemical') :: ['Meperidine']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmias']

answer: @entity13483 :: (MESH:C025489,Chemical) :: ['conorphone']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Objectives   Curative resection is not indicated for @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) with pleural seeding, which is classified as stage IV (M1a) disease. However, some @entity1 with a presumably resectable main @entity5 are diagnosed with localized pleural seeding during surgery. Methods   A retrospective analysis was performed of 3,975 @entity1 who underwent surgery for @entity1149 from 2000 to 2011. Among these cases, 78 (2.0%) @entity1 had unexpected pleural seeding detected during surgery. Exploration with pleural biopsy was performed in 42 of these @entity1 (exploration-only group) and pulmonary resection, including for the main @entity5 , was performed in 36 cases (resection group; sublobar resection in 12, lobectomy in 21, and pneumonectomy in 3 @entity1 ). Survival and @entity5 progression rates were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to evaluate prognostic factors associated with survival. Results   @entity420 was the predominant histological type in both the exploration and resection groups (88.1 and 86.1%, respectively). @entity470 expression was detected in 22 (52.4%) @entity1 of the exploration group and 21 (58.3%) @entity1 of the resection group. Baseline characteristics including age, sex, comorbidity, pulmonary function, and clinical T/N status were not significantly different between the two groups. There were no postoperative deaths in either group but @entity260 occurred in two (4.8%) @entity1 of the exploration group and three (8.3%) @entity1 of the resection group. The overall 3- and 5-year survival rates in the exploration group were 41.1 and 15.2%, respectively, with a @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) of 33 months, whereas they were 66.7 and 42.7%, respectively, in the resection group, with a 52-month @entity1349 (p   =   0.012). Local and regional progression-free rates were significantly different (p   <   0.001 and p   =   0.029, respectively) between groups, whereas no difference was seen in the distant @entity3 rates (p   =   0.957). In multivariate survival analysis, surgical resection was the only significant prognostic factor (p   =   0.01). Conclusions   Pulmonary resection including the main @entity5 , regardless of resection extent, may increase long-term survival for @entity1149 @entity1 with localized pleural seeding first detected during surgery, without a significant increase in hospital mortality or morbidity.

title: Surgical Outcomes after Pulmonary Resection for XXXX with Localized Pleural Seeding First Detected during Surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity470 :: ('1956', 'Gene') :: ['Epidermal growth factor receptor']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['Adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['median survival time', 'MST']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer']


abstract: We previously reconstituted the @entity855 -dependent inactivation of asialoglycoprotein receptors (ASGPRs) in @entity11040 -permeabilized hepatocytes (Medh, J. D., and Weigel, P. H. (1991) J. Biol. Chem. 266, 8771-8778). Here we report that @entity35 hepatic lectin 1 ( @entity20745 ) is the only ASGPR subunit that becomes radiolabeled when permeabilized washed hepatocytes are incubated at 4 degrees C in the presence of [gamma-32P] @entity855 ; @entity20746 and RHL3 are not radiolabeled. Phosphorylation of @entity20745 was rapid (t1/2 appoximately 4 min) and complete within 30 min. Inclusion of 20 mM @entity1098 inhibited phosphorylation of @entity20745 completely. @entity13269 analysis identified Tyr(P) as the predominant (> 90%) radiolabeled @entity13269 . Addition of vanadate enhanced phosphorylation of Tyr in @entity20745 4-fold. Phosphorylation of @entity20745 occurred to the same extent in hepatocytes permeabilized with either 0.006% (w/v) or 0.055% @entity11040 and in the presence or the absence of ligand (50 micrograms/ml asialo-orosomucoid; ASOR) and/or 10 mM @entity3282 . Sequential purification of active ASGPRs (using ASOR-Sepharose) and inactive ASGPRs from the ASOR-Sepharose flow-through (using anti-ASGPR antibody-Sepharose) demonstrated that radiolabeled @entity20745 was present almost exclusively in active ASGPR oligomers. When permeabilized hepatocytes radiolabeled with [gamma-32P] @entity855 at 4 degrees C were warmed to 37 degrees C, a temperature at which @entity855 -dependent ASGPR inactivation occurs, @entity20745 was dephosphorylated rapidly (t1/2 approximately 4 min) and completely within approximately 30 min. Western blot analysis using a monoclonal anti-Tyr(P) antibody showed that the steady-state level of endogenous Tyr(P) in @entity20745 doubled as a result of @entity855 treatment at 4 degrees C and then decreased to undetectable levels upon warming to 37 degrees C. The protein- @entity669 kinase inhibitor @entity20747 inhibited phosphorylation of @entity20745 at 4 degrees C and also prevented @entity855 -dependent ASGPR inactivation at 37 degrees C. We conclude that phosphorylation of Tyr in @entity20745 of active ASGPRs is a prerequisite for @entity855 -dependent ASGPR inactivation.

title: Inhibition of @entity669 phosphorylation in the XXXX hepatic lectin 1 subunit of the @entity35 asialoglycoprotein receptor prevents @entity855 -dependent receptor inactivation in permeabilized hepatocytes.

entities_list: @entity11040 :: ('MESH:D004072', 'Chemical') :: ['digitonin']

entities_list: @entity13269 :: ('CHEBI:26051', 'Chemical') :: ['Phosphoamino acid', 'phosphoamino acid']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: Molecular determinants of threshold differences among cold thermoreceptors are unknown. Here we show that such differences correlate with the relative expression of I( @entity573 ), a current dependent on Shaker-like Kv1 channels that acts as an excitability brake, and I( @entity1107 ), a cold-activated excitatory current. Neurons responding to small temperature changes have high functional expression of @entity1107 ( @entity1107 ) and low expression of I( @entity573 ). In contrast, neurons activated by lower temperatures have a lower expression of @entity1107 and a prominent I( @entity573 ). Otherwise, both subpopulations have nearly identical membrane and firing properties, suggesting that they belong to the same neuronal pool. Blockade of I( @entity573 ) shifts the threshold of cold-sensitive neurons to higher temperatures and augments cold-evoked nocifensive responses in @entity19 . Similar behavioral effects of I( @entity573 ) blockade were observed in @entity1108 (-/-) @entity19 . Moreover, only a small percentage of trigeminal cold-sensitive neurons were activated by @entity1108 agonists, suggesting that @entity1108 does not play a major role in the detection of low temperatures by uninjured somatic cold-specific thermosensory neurons under physiological conditions. Collectively, these findings suggest that @entity1109 and cold discomfort are signaled by specific low- and high-threshold cold thermoreceptor neurons, differing primarily in their relative expression of two ion channels having antagonistic effects on neuronal excitability. Thus, although @entity1107 appears to function as a critical cold sensor in the majority of peripheral sensory neurons, the expression of Kv1 channels in the same terminals seem to play an important role in the peripheral gating of cold-evoked discomfort and @entity158 .

title: Variable threshold of trigeminal cold-thermosensitive neurons is determined by a balance between XXXX and Kv1 potassium channels.

entities_list: @entity1107 :: ('171382(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['TRPM8', 'transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily M, member 8']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['innocuous cooling sensations']

answer: @entity1107 :: (171382(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['TRPM8']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity2103 paresis and @entity393 are common complications after @entity5513 surgery. Experiments with facial nerves of the @entity35 and retrospectively analyzed clinical studies showed a beneficial effect of vasoactive treatment on the preservation of facial and cochlear nerve functions. This prospective and open-label randomized pilot study is the first study of a prophylactic vasoactive treatment in @entity5513 surgery. METHODS: Thirty @entity1 were randomized before surgery. One group (n = 14) received a vasoactive prophylaxis consisting of @entity3931 and hydroxyethylstarch which was started the day before surgery and was continued until the seventh postoperative day. The other group (n = 16) did not receive preoperative medication. Intraoperative monitoring, including acoustic evoked potentials and continuous facial electromyelograms, was applied to all @entity1 . However, when electrophysiological signs of a deterioration of facial or cochlear nerve function were detected in the group of @entity1 without medication, vasoactive treatment was started immediately. Cochlear and facial nerve function were documented preoperatively, during the first 7 days postoperatively, and again after long-term observation. RESULTS: Despite the limited number of @entity1 , our results were significant using the Fisher's exact test (small no. of @entity1 ) for a better outcome after @entity5513 surgery for both hearing (P = 0.041) and facial nerve (P = 0.045) preservation in the group of @entity1 who received a prophylactic vasoactive treatment. CONCLUSION: Prophylactic vasoactive treatment consisting of @entity3931 and hydroxyethylstarch shows significantly better results concerning preservation of the facial and cochlear nerve function in @entity5513 surgery. The prophylactic use is also superior to intraoperative vasoactive treatment.

title: The influence of prophylactic vasoactive treatment on cochlear and @entity2103 after XXXX surgery: a prospective and open-label randomized pilot study.

entities_list: @entity5513 :: ('MESH:D009464', 'Disease') :: ['vestibular schwannoma']

entities_list: @entity2103 :: ('MESH:D005155', 'Disease') :: ['Facial nerve']

entities_list: @entity3931 :: ('MESH:D009553', 'Chemical') :: ['nimodipine']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing loss']

answer: @entity5513 :: (MESH:D009464,Disease) :: ['vestibular schwannoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to assess the utility of cervicovaginal expression of fetal fibronectin in the diagnosis of @entity3152 . STUDY DESIGN: @entity1 seen between 24 and 34 weeks' gestation with symptoms of @entity3152 , intact membranes, and cervical dilatation < 3 cm were enrolled at five university medical centers. Cervicovaginal swabs were obtained and assayed for the presence of fetal fibronectin by means of a monoclonal antibody assay. Results were compared with cervical dilatation and uterine contraction frequency as indicators of interval to delivery and delivery before 37 weeks. RESULTS: A total of 192 eligible @entity1 at a mean gestational age of 30.8 +/- 2.9 weeks were enrolled from a population of 418 subjects screened. The rate of preterm birth was 32.3% (62/192). The mean interval from presentation to delivery was 25.3 +/- 24.1 days in the 45 subjects with a positive fibronectin assay and 52.4 +/- 24.8 days in the 147 subjects with a negative assay (p = 0.0001). The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of fetal fibronectin expression for delivery < 37 weeks were 44% (27/62), 86% (112/130), 60% (27/45), and 76% (112/147). The fetal fibronectin assay was especially useful in predicting risk of delivery within 7 days (sensitivity 93% [13/14], specificity 82% [146/178], positive predictive value 29% [13/45], and negative predictive value 99% [146/147]) and was notably superior to both cervical dilatation > 1 cm and contraction frequency greater than or equal to eight per hour (sensitivities 29% and 42%, specificities 82% and 67%, positive predictive values 11% and 9%, and negative predictive values 94% and 94%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Cervicovaginal fetal fibronectin predicts delivery within 7 days more accurately than do cervical dilatation and contraction frequency in a population of @entity1 evaluated for early @entity3152 .

title: Fetal fibronectin improves the accuracy of diagnosis of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3152 :: ('MESH:D007752', 'Disease') :: ['preterm labor']

answer: @entity3152 :: (MESH:D007752,Disease) :: ['preterm labor']


abstract: Seventeen @entity1 with @entity1310 due to @entity325 were submitted to regular haemodialysis in 11 and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis in six after 145 +/- 55 months from the onset of the disease. Four @entity1 with very poor clinical conditions died within 6 months from the beginning of dialysis. The other 13 @entity1 were followed for a mean period of 78.7 +/- 41.6 months. The actuarial survival rate was 65% at 5 years. Both clinical and immunological signs of @entity325 reduced during dialysis but a long-lasting burn out was observed only in one @entity1 . Two @entity1 received a kidney graft. Mixed @entity1310 recurred in both of them respectively 5 and 10 months after transplantation. One @entity1 lost his graft 13 months after transplantation because of chronic rejection. The other one still has a functioning kidney 48 months after renal transplantation. The life expectancy with dialysis for @entity325 @entity1 is similar to that of @entity1 with standard primary @entity8 but some few @entity1 with severe disease at the beginning of dialysis have a poor prognosis. @entity1310 may recur after renal transplantation but this does not preclude per se a favourable course in the long term.

title: Renal replacement therapy in cryoglobulinaemic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1310 :: ('MESH:D009393', 'Disease') :: ['Nephritis', 'cryoglobulinaemia nephritis', 'nephritis']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal disease']

entities_list: @entity325 :: ('MESH:D060085', 'Disease') :: ['mixed cryoglobulinaemia']

answer: @entity1310 :: (MESH:D009393,Disease) :: ['nephritis']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The objective of this study was to determine whether the relationship between antioxidant capacity of follicular fluid and early reproductive outcomes is influenced by the cause of @entity249 , polycystic ovarian morphology, age and smoking. @entity1 AND METHODS: This was a prospective, cross-sectional study performed in an assisted conception unit and a teaching hospital. The study cohort was 34 @entity1 undergoing IVF treatment. Interventions included total antioxidant capacity (TAC) measured using ferric reducing/antioxidant power assay in 303 follicular fluid samples. The main outcome measures were follicular fluid TAC, percentage TAC loss after 72 h and early reproductive outcomes. RESULTS: Follicular TAC was elevated in @entity1 with @entity249 of 'unexplained' (UE) or tubal factor (TF) aetiology, relative to those with @entity3930 ( @entity3930 ) @entity249 , when reproductive outcomes were positive but not when they were negative. In the TF and UE groups, low TAC was associated with ovum fertilization @entity337 , whereas TAC was comparable irrespective of embryo viability. @entity249 was associated with significantly elevated follicular TAC. Among @entity1 with @entity3610 , fertilization @entity337 was associated with elevated TAC; the opposite was true in @entity1 with normal ovaries. Follicular fluid 72-h TAC consumption > 20% was associated with poorer reproductive performance. CONCLUSIONS: The follicular fluid pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance required for conception in @entity1 undergoing IVF is related to the aetiology of @entity249 , age, the presence of polycystic ovary morphology and smoking.

title: The interaction between follicular fluid total antioxidant capacity, XXXX and early reproductive outcomes during in vitro fertilization.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity249 :: ('MESH:D007246', 'Disease') :: ['infertility', 'Unexplained infertility']

entities_list: @entity3610 :: ('MESH:D011085', 'Disease') :: ['polycystic ovaries']

entities_list: @entity3930 :: ('MESH:D005834', 'Disease') :: ['MF', 'male factor']

entities_list: @entity337 :: ('MESH:D001022', 'Disease') :: ['incompetence']

answer: @entity249 :: (MESH:D007246,Disease) :: ['infertility']


abstract: @entity10790 is an @entity74 of @entity851 , characteristic face, mild @entity1032 , and @entity484 originally described by Dubowitz [1965]. Little information is available on natural history and adulthood in this disorder. We report on a 30-year-old @entity1 who was one of the first @entity1 to be diagnosed with the condition [Grosse et al., 1971, Z Kinderheilkd 110:175-187]. @entity4242 , @entity851 , @entity3656 , @entity2720 , @entity7674 , and absence of anterior cruciate ligaments were present. Her facial appearance had been modified by several plastic surgery procedures. @entity484 resolved with age, with occasional flareups. @entity565 , @entity10 , and @entity410 were additional medical findings. @entity10791 , an unusually soft, high-pitched voice, @entity2419 , and @entity1739 were noted in childhood. Mild @entity1032 was present. At age 30 years she is living independently in her own apartment and working full-time in a nearby sheltered workshop.

title: XXXX : long-term follow-up of an original @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3656 :: ('MESH:D007870', 'Disease') :: ['leg length discrepancy']

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['mental retardation']

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['growth retardation', 'short stature']

entities_list: @entity10790 :: ('MESH:C535718', 'Disease') :: ['Dubowitz syndrome']

entities_list: @entity7674 :: ('MESH:D016136', 'Disease') :: ['spina bifida occulta']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures']

entities_list: @entity1739 :: ('MESH:D014681', 'Disease') :: ['velopharyngeal insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity2419 :: ('MESH:D002972', 'Disease') :: ['submucous cleft palate']

entities_list: @entity10791 :: ('MESH:D007805', 'Disease') :: ['Speech delays']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['autosomal recessive disorder']

entities_list: @entity4242 :: ('MESH:D008831', 'Disease') :: ['Microcephaly']

entities_list: @entity2720 :: ('MESH:D007592', 'Disease') :: ['hyperextensible joints']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headaches']

entities_list: @entity484 :: ('MESH:D004485', 'Disease') :: ['eczema', 'Eczema']

answer: @entity10790 :: (MESH:C535718,Disease) :: ['Dubowitz syndrome']


abstract: Assessment of the outcome of @entity28 operations is exceedingly complex. Currently there is no consensus among bariatric surgeons as to what constitutes successful @entity353 . Furthermore, @entity353 data must be regularly reevaluated to account for later regaining of lost weight. There is no question that surgically-induced @entity353 results in improvement or resolution of @entity28 -related medical problems in most @entity1 . Yet it is not known whether sustained long-term @entity353 will result in extended amelioration of these medical problems. Analysis of outcome is further complicated by difficulties in maintaining consistent long-term follow-up in such a way that the benefits of @entity353 can be objectively evaluated. The next decade should provide improvements in a number of these problem areas. The new computer registry of the American Society of Bariatric Surgery has access to thousands of bariatric surgical @entity1 . This registry will hopefully provide for some standardization in analysis and reporting of results of bariatric operations. The registry may eventually be able to provide the type of actuarial analysis of long-term results necessary to assess the true impact of bariatric operations on the morbidity and mortality risks associated with morbid @entity28 . It is also probable that more sophisticated @entity1 selection methods will improve the likelihood of successful @entity353 both by excluding @entity1 who are prone to failure and by identification of @entity1 profiles that are better suited for treatment by one type of operation over another. In the final analysis, there is no question that morbid @entity28 poses an increased risk to health and longevity. Thus it is only logical that substantial @entity353 in this group of @entity1 could be expected to improve both longevity and quality of life, provided that the treatment methods employed are free of serious side-effects. At present, surgery offers the only realistic hope for successful @entity353 in the morbidly @entity28 .

title: Results of XXXX surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obese', 'obesity']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obesity']


abstract: PURPOSE: Time from @entity64 onset to treatment (OTT) is potentially an important factor affecting subsequent outcome in @entity1 treated with @entity3479 . The aim of the study was to assess the correlation between OTT and early recanalization rate after IV- @entity3479 therapy. METHODS: Consecutive @entity64 @entity1 treated with @entity3479 within 3h of onset were prospectively studied. @entity1 with major brain @entity432 on MRA before @entity3479 infusion were enrolled. The correlation between OTT and the early recanalization rate within 1h after @entity3479 infusion was determined. RESULTS: 102 @entity1 (M1 occlusion, 41 @entity1 ; M2, 19; ICA, 31; BA, 8; and @entity4901 , 3) were enrolled. Follow-up MRA within 1h after @entity3479 infusion showed early recanalization in 42 (41.2%) @entity1 (complete in 13 @entity1 , partial in 29). The early recanalization rate was 53.8% with OTT <or=100 min, 57.1% in 101-110 min, 50.0% in 111-120 min, 63.6% in 121-130 min, 33.3% in 131-140 min, 30.0% in 141-150 min, 36.4% in 151-160 min, 18.2% in 161-170 min, and 32.0% in 171-180 min. OTT was negatively correlated with the early recanalization rate (r=-0.767, P=0.0301). After adjusting the presence of age (>74), ICA occlusion, baseline NIHSS score (<10), and @entity413 (>150 mg/dl), adjusted OR for early recanalization of OTT <or=130 min against OTT >130-180 min was 2.97 (95% CI 1.27-6.96, P=0.012). CONCLUSION: Early recanalization depended on time from @entity64 onset to IV- @entity3479 administration. Thus, @entity3479 should be given to acute @entity64 @entity1 as soon as possible.

title: Early XXXX treatment with IV @entity3479 associated with early recanalization.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['artery occlusion']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['stroke']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate risk of @entity146 morbidity and its impact on survival in gastrointestinal surgery. BACKGROUND: Psychiatric morbidity related to surgery is poorly understood, and may be evaluated using linked hospital and primary care data. METHODS: @entity1 undergoing gastrointestinal surgery from 2000 to 2011 with linkage of Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD), @entity580 ( @entity580 ), Office of National Statistics (ONS), and National @entity5 Intelligence Network (NCIN) databases were studied. Psychiatric morbidity was defined as a diagnosis code in CPRD or @entity580 , or a prescription code for @entity146 medication in the 36 months before (preoperative) or 12 months after (postoperative) surgery. Newly diagnosed @entity146 morbidity was measured in @entity1 without preoperative @entity146 morbidity. RESULTS: In our study, 14,797 (23.8%) and 47,279 (76.2%) @entity1 had surgery for @entity5 and benign disease, respectively. Postoperative @entity146 morbidity was observed in 10.1% (1500/14797) of @entity1 undergoing @entity5 surgery. Logistic regression revealed that when adjusted for other factors, @entity5 diagnosis [odds ratio (OR)=1.19] independently predicted postoperative @entity146 morbidity (P<0.05). Hepatopancreaticobiliary resection (OR=2.40) and esophagogastrectomy (OR=2.55) carried the highest risks of postoperative @entity146 morbidity (P<0.05). Preoperative @entity146 morbidity (OR=1.16) and newly diagnosed @entity146 morbidity (OR=1.87) were associated with increased 1-year mortality in @entity5 @entity1 only (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Postoperative @entity146 morbidity affected a tenth of @entity1 who underwent @entity1820 surgery and was associated with increased mortality. Strategies to identify @entity1 at risk preoperatively and to reduce the observed adverse impact of postoperative @entity146 morbidity should be part of perioperative care in complex @entity5 @entity1 .

title: Linked Hospital and Primary Care Database Analysis of the Incidence and Impact of Psychiatric Morbidity Following XXXX Surgery in England.

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity1820 :: ('MESH:D005770', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal cancer']

entities_list: @entity580 :: ('MESH:D003428', 'Disease') :: ['HES', 'Hospital Episodes Statistics']

answer: @entity1820 :: (MESH:D005770,Disease) :: ['Gastrointestinal Cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe 2 cases of @entity4585 , in a @entity1 without a history of @entity3052 ( @entity3052 ) and in another whose condition was previously diagnosed with @entity3052 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: The clinical histories of 2 @entity1 whose conditions were diagnosed with @entity4585 were obtained from their medical records. RESULTS: Case 1: A 77-year-old @entity1 with no systemic illnesses presented with a vaginal lump. Clinically, there was a 6-cm periurethral mass that was examined by biopsy. The histopathologic specimen was evaluated on routine and immunohistochemical stains, and @entity4585 was diagnosed after extensive immunohistochemical analysis. The @entity1 was treated with pelvic radiation. She developed extensive @entity3052 .5 months later; she died 2 weeks later, 5 months after the initial presentation. Case 2: A 36-year-old @entity1 with a known history of @entity3052 who has had multiple leukemic and extramedullary recurrences presented with a pelvic mass. Physical findings revealed large masses in the @entity8376 and rectovaginal septum, which were confirmed as @entity4585 after biopsy and histologic examination. The @entity1 was treated with pelvic/vaginal radiation. Five months later, she had another leukemic relapse and died within 1 day of palliative chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: @entity4585 is extremely rare. Most @entity1 have a poor prognosis and either have a history of or will subsequently develop @entity3052 .

title: XXXX : a report of 2 cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4585 :: ('MESH:D023981', 'Disease') :: ['myeloid sarcoma of the vagina', 'myeloid sarcoma', 'Myeloid sarcoma of the vagina']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute myeloid leukemia', 'AML', 'myeloid sarcoma of the skin and AML 4']

answer: @entity4585 :: (MESH:D023981,Disease) :: ['Myeloid sarcoma of the vagina']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Allogenic platelet transfusions (PT) are administered to treat excessive @entity548 in @entity1 on @entity3075 receptor inhibitors (RI). We assessed the effect of ex vivo and in vivo PT on platelet activation and aggregation in @entity1 on dual antiplatelet therapy. METHODS AND RESULTS: In the Antagonize @entity3075 Treatment Inhibitors by Transfusion of Platelets in an Urgent or Delayed Timing After Acute Coronary Syndrome or Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Presentation-Acute Coronary Syndrome (APTITUDE-ACS) study, @entity1 presenting with @entity1187 or for elective percutaneous coronary intervention, receiving loading doses of @entity1397 (600 mg, n=13 or 900 mg, n=12), @entity3076 60 mg (n=10), or @entity3077 180 mg (n=10) were included. PT was performed ex vivo by mixing platelet-rich plasma from blood sampling performed at baseline in increasing proportions with platelet-rich plasma sampled 4 hours after loading dose. The percentage restoration of residual platelet aggregation achieved with 80% proportion PT (residual platelet aggregation 80% PT mix/residual platelet aggregation baseline*100) significantly decreased with increasing potency of @entity3075 RI (83.9  11%, 73  14%, 66.3  15%, 40.9  19% for @entity1397 600 mg, @entity1397 900 mg, @entity3076 , and @entity3077 , respectively; P for trend <0.0001). In the APTITUDE-Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (APTITUDE-CABG) study, vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein-platelet reactivity index, a specific marker of the @entity3075 RI drug-effect, was assessed before and after in vivo PT administered for excessive @entity548 in @entity1 undergoing cardiac surgery while on a maintenance dose of @entity117 and @entity1397 (n=45), @entity3076 (n=6), or @entity3077 (n=3). When compared with baseline, there was a significant relative increase of 23.1% in platelet activation after PT transfusion (42.2  23.6% versus 56.6  18.2%; P=0.0008). CONCLUSIONS: PT restores platelet reactivity in @entity1 with @entity1187 /percutaneous coronary intervention and in @entity1 undergoing cardiac surgery on @entity3075 RI while @entity548 with a less effect with increasing potency of @entity3075 inhibition. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: URL: http://www.recherche-biomedicale.sante.gouv.fr/pro/comites/coordonnees.htm and http://www.cnil.fr/. Unique identifiers: No. 301111 and No. 1547216v0.

title: Efficacy of Ex Vivo Autologous and In Vivo Platelet Transfusion in the Reversal of @entity3075 Inhibition by @entity1397 , @entity3076 , and XXXX : The APTITUDE Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['acute coronary syndrome']

entities_list: @entity3076 :: ('MESH:C408153', 'Chemical') :: ['prasugrel']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity1397 :: ('MESH:C055162', 'Chemical') :: ['clopidogrel']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity3077 :: ('MESH:C503700', 'Chemical') :: ['ticagrelor']

answer: @entity3077 :: (MESH:C503700,Chemical) :: ['Ticagrelor']


abstract: Location, severity, duration, and time course of @entity158 were assessed in 104 consecutive @entity1 with either first or second, anterior or inferior Q-wave @entity583 ( @entity583 ). @entity158 severity was assessed using a visual analog scale. @entity158 location and radiation were similar in 48 @entity1 with anterior and 56 @entity1 with inferior wall @entity583 . @entity158 duration (6.1 +/- 6.4 vs 6.5 +/- 5.4 hours, p = NS) and severity (68 +/- 21 vs 61 +/- 21 mm, p = NS) were also similar. The @entity158 was continuous in 34 @entity1 with anterior (71%) and in 42 with inferior (75%) wall @entity583 . Among the 41 @entity1 who did not receive thrombolytic therapy, 18 @entity1 with @entity158 had a higher @entity908 kinase peak level than the remaining 23 @entity1 with intermittent @entity158 or @entity1459 , or both (2,065 +/- 1,017 vs 1,162 +/- 994 IU, p < 0.01). The incidence of @entity344 was slightly higher in @entity1 with inferior than anterior wall @entity583 (70% vs 48%, p < 0.05). Among 32 @entity1 admitted with a second @entity583 , @entity158 location was similar in 14 who had both @entity1188 in the same myocardial region, but was different in 12 of 18 (67%) who had a first and second @entity1188 in different regions (p < 0.001). Thus, @entity1 with anterior or inferior wall @entity583 experienced @entity158 in similar body regions. However, in @entity1 who presented with > 1 @entity583 , different locations of the @entity158 were highly predictive of @entity63 occurring in different myocardial regions. Finally, @entity1 with @entity1459 or intermittent @entity158 tended to have smaller @entity1188 .

title: Relation between @entity583 site and @entity158 location in Q-wave XXXX .

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity908 :: ('MESH:D003401', 'Chemical') :: ['creatine']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal symptoms']

entities_list: @entity1459 :: ('MESH:D000789', 'Disease') :: ['preinfarction angina']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarcts', 'infarct']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['infarction pain', 'Pain', 'pain', 'continuous pain']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['AMI', 'acute myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['acute myocardial infarction']