abstract: Clinical and animal data point toward deficits in attention and arousal after prenatal @entity2072 exposure. Since @entity2727 ( @entity14501 ) is widely used to treat @entity71 , we wanted to determine whether prenatal @entity2072 (PC) exposure affects the behavioral response to @entity14501 in young @entity35 of both sexes. Pregnant dams received 60 mg/kg of @entity2072 or vehicle from gestational days 8-22 by intragastric intubations. After delivery, litters were culled to 10 (5 males, 5 females) and fostered. On a single day between PND 41-44 locomotion was recorded in a Plexiglas box within an Accuscan activity monitor after receiving a single injection of 10 mg/kg intraperitoneally of @entity14501 or saline. @entity35 were also videotaped for analysis of stereotyped behavior. Results showed that @entity14501 administration enhanced locomotion compared to saline injected groups. PC exposure in male @entity35 did not have any effect on the locomotor response to @entity14501 compared to prenatal controls. However, PC-exposed males showed a lower amount of time spent in low intensity stereotypy compared to prenatal control males and both groups of females that received @entity14501 . PC exposure in female @entity35 that received @entity14501 dampened the locomotor response compared to prenatal control females that also received @entity14501 . In conclusion PC exposure dampens the behavioral response to @entity14501 differentially in males and females with an apparent selectivity of locomotion in females and stereotyped behavior in males.

title: Prenatal XXXX dampened behavioral responses to @entity2727 in male and female adolescent @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity71 :: ('MESH:D001289', 'Disease') :: ['attention disorders']

entities_list: @entity2727 :: ('MESH:D008774', 'Chemical') :: ['methylphenidate']

answer: @entity2072 :: (MESH:D003042,Chemical) :: ['cocaine']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Norovirus and sapovirus are important causes of @entity697 ( @entity697 ) among American Indian @entity1 . We investigated the prevalence and molecular epidemiology of norovirus and sapovirus in American Indian @entity1 who have historically experienced a high burden of @entity697 compared to other US populations. Stool samples were collected from 241 @entity1 with @entity697 (cases) and from 343 @entity1 without @entity697 (controls) <= 9 months of age from 2002-2004. Cases experienced forceful @entity391 and/or 3 or more watery or looser-than-normal stools in 24 hours. Stools were tested by real-time RT-PCR for @entity40921 , GII and @entity24396 and sapovirus GI, GII, @entity24396 and GV. Positive samples were genotyped after sequencing conventional RT-PCR products. Norovirus was identified in 76 (31.5%) of the cases and 70 (20.4%) of the controls (p<0.001). GII.3 and GII.4 Farmington Hills were the most frequently identified genotypes in 14.5% and 30.3% of cases and 17.1% and 27.1% of controls, respectively. Sapovirus GI and GII genotypes were identified in 8 (3.3%) of cases and 8 (2.3%) of controls and a single @entity24396 virus was detected in a control. The same norovirus and sapovirus genotypes were circulating in the general U.S. population in the same time period. The high detection rate of norovirus in healthy controls suggests significant asymptomatic transmission in young @entity1 in these communities.

title: Norovirus and Sapovirus Epidemiology and Strain Characteristics among Navajo and Apache XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute gastroenteritis', 'AGE']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Infants']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Painful peripheral electrical stimulation to acupuncture points was found to cause sensitization if delivered randomly (EStim), but induced @entity734 if triggered by @entity1353 (BreEStim). The objective was to systematically compare the effectiveness of BreEStim and EStim and to investigate the possible mechanisms mediating the @entity734 effect of BreEStim. METHODS: Eleven @entity158 -free, healthy subjects (6 males, 5 females) participated in the study. Each subject received the BreEStim and EStim treatments in a random order at least three days apart. Both treatments consisted of 120 painful but tolerable stimuli to the ulnar nerve at the elbow on the dominant arm. BreEStim was triggered by @entity1353 while EStim was delivered randomly. Electrical sensation threshold (EST) and @entity158 threshold (EPT) were measured from the thenar and hypothenar eminences on both hands at pre-intervention and 10-minutes post-intervention. RESULTS: There was no difference in the pre-intervention baseline measurement of EST and EPT between BreEStim and EStim. BreEStim increased EPT in all tested sites on both hands, while EStim increased EPT in the dominant hypothenar eminence distal to the stimulating site and had no effect on EPT in other sites. There was no difference in the intensity of electrical stimulation between EStim and BreEStim. CONCLUSION: Our findings support the important role @entity1 @entity1353 plays in the systemic @entity734 effect of BreEStim to peripheral painful electrical stimulation.

title: @entity734 to experimentally induced XXXX during voluntary-breathing controlled electrical stimulation (BreEStim).

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['habituation']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['electrical pain', 'pain']

entities_list: @entity1353 :: ('MESH:D004417', 'Disease') :: ['voluntary breathing']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['electrical pain']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the anatomic and visual outcomes of a surgical procedure in which @entity1456 and air are injected subretinally to displace massive @entity548 secondary to age-related @entity1020 . DESIGN: Prospective, consecutive, interventional case series. @entity1 : Thirteen consecutive @entity1 (13 eyes) with massive @entity548 secondary to age-related @entity1020 . INTERVENTION: The surgical procedure consisted of a 25-gauge vitrectomy and submacular injection of @entity1456 (25  g) and 0.4 ml air with a microneedle having an outer diameter of 50  m. The procedure was followed by having the @entity1 remain in the prone position overnight. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Mean visual acuity change from baseline, mean central lesion thickness change from baseline, @entity941 angiography findings, and surgical complications. RESULTS: Total subfoveal blood displacement was achieved in all 13 eyes (100%). Central lesion thickness decreased from a mean baseline value of 867  m to a mean value of 379  m at 1 month after surgery. There was visual improvement in 11 eyes, no @entity735 . The mean change in Early Treatment @entity6 Study letter score from baseline was 19.4 letters at 1 month (P  = 0.006) and 23.3 letters at 3 months (P  = 0.001). There was intraoperative macular hole formation. CONCLUSIONS: Submacular air injection with a microneedle facilitates displacement of clots dissolved with @entity1456 with few complications and results in earlier visual improvement.

title: Displacement of Submacular @entity548 in  Age-Related @entity1020 with Subretinal XXXX and  Air.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['submacular hemorrhages']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetic Retinopathy']

entities_list: @entity1456 :: ('100128998', 'Gene') :: ['tissue plasminogen activator']

entities_list: @entity735 :: ('MESH:D005124', 'Disease') :: ['visual improvement in 1 eye, and poorer vision in 1 eye']

entities_list: @entity941 :: ('MESH:D019793', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorescein']

entities_list: @entity1020 :: ('MESH:D008268', 'Disease') :: ['macular degeneration']

answer: @entity1456 :: (100128998,Gene) :: ['Tissue Plasminogen Activator']


abstract: PURPOSE: To review the presentation, management, and outcome of @entity1 with @entity231 caused by ocular needle penetration. DESIGN: Retrospective, noncomparative interventional case series. @entity1 : Forty-two @entity1 with @entity231 caused by ocular needle penetration. INTERVENTION: @entity231 surgery. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Best-corrected postoperative visual acuity. RESULTS: Injuries were unintentional and occurred during unsupervised play. The type of needle involved was hypodermic in 24 cases, sewing in 7, and undetermined in 11. @entity3225 developed in 14 cases and @entity1713 in 6. @entity3225 occurred in 12 cases (50%) of @entity130 but in no case of @entity130 . With a mean postoperative follow-up of 2.3 years, the best-corrected visual acuity was 20/40 or better in 19 cases, 20/50 to 20/80 in 7, 20/100 to counting fingers in 6, light perception in 1, no light perception in 6, and undetermined in 3. Eyes with @entity3225 and/or @entity1713 had a worse visual prognosis. CONCLUSIONS: @entity42857 causing @entity231 occurred in @entity1 during unsupervised play with inadequately stored or disposed of hypodermic or sewing needles. @entity3225 occurred frequently in injuries caused by hypodermic needles but not in those caused by sewing needles. Visual outcome after management was good in approximately half of the cases especially if @entity3225 or @entity1713 did not develop.

title: Penetrating needle injury of the eye causing @entity231 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity42857 :: ('MESH:D015807', 'Disease') :: ['Ocular penetration']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['Cataract', 'cataract']

entities_list: @entity1713 :: ('MESH:D012163', 'Disease') :: ['retinal detachment']

entities_list: @entity3225 :: ('MESH:D009877', 'Disease') :: ['endophthalmitis', 'Endophthalmitis']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['hypodermic needle injury', 'sewing needle injury']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: CONTEXT: The formation of primordial follicles occurs during fetal life yet is critical to the determination of adult female fertility. Prior to this stage, germ cells proliferate, enter meiosis, and associate with somatic cells. Growth and survival factors implicated in these processes include activin A ( @entity11227 ), the neurotrophins @entity2252 and @entity19563 ( @entity19563 ), and @entity2423 . The @entity2918 have pleiotrophic roles in reproduction, notably in ovulation and implantation, but there are no data regarding roles for @entity2918 in @entity1 fetal ovarian development. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to investigate a possible role for @entity3009 (PG) E(2) in @entity1 fetal ovary development. DESIGN: In vitro analysis of ovarian development between 8 and 20 wk gestation was performed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): The expression patterns of PG synthesis enzymes and the PGE(2) receptors @entity7701 and @entity2912 in the ovary were assessed, and downstream effects of @entity1421 on gene expression were analyzed. RESULTS: Ovarian germ cells express the PG synthetic enzymes @entity2247 and @entity47626 as well as the @entity7701 and @entity2912 receptors, whereas @entity9859 is expressed by ovarian somatic cells. Treatment in vitro with @entity1421 increased the expression of @entity2252 mRNA 1.7 +/- 0.16-fold (P = 0.004); @entity11227 mRNA, 2.1 +/- 0.51-fold (P = 0.04); and @entity2423 mRNA, 1.15 +/- 0.06-fold (P = 0.04), but not that of @entity4729 , @entity28866 , VASA, @entity19563 , or @entity7379 . CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate novel roles for @entity1421 in the regulation of germ cell development in the @entity1 ovary and show that these effects may be mediated by the regulation of factors including @entity2252 , activin A, and @entity2423 .

title: XXXX as a regulator of germ cells during ovarian development.

entities_list: @entity2918 :: ('MESH:D011453', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandins']

entities_list: @entity3009 :: ('CHEBI:26333', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandin']

answer: @entity1421 :: (MESH:D015232,Chemical) :: ['Prostaglandin E2']


abstract: Although there is a great need for better therapeutic approaches to the @entity1 who presents with a @entity174 , @entity3604 will remain a condition that is more amenable to prevention than treatment. @entity9646 replacement therapy (HRT) is still considered by many the mainstay for the prevention and the treatment of @entity170 . However, there are several controversies regarding HRT, especially the duration of treatment and the risks/benefits ratio. Recent studies have challenged the assumption that HRT conveys real long-term beneficial effects. @entity441 or other "selective @entity172 receptor modulators" (SERMs) should progressively replace HRT in elderly @entity1 . @entity171 have demonstrated a clearcut efficacy in the treatment of @entity170 . @entity561 and @entity562 have been the most extensively studied @entity171 under randomized controlled trials conditions. Both agents can reduce the risk of vertebral and @entity173 by one-fourth to one-half. However, oral @entity171 are not without gastro-intestinal @entity137 and strict adherence to constraining therapeutic schemes is mandatory. Intermittent treatments are already in use. Weekly alendronate is as efficient as daily therapy and improves treatment compliance. Newer more potent @entity171 , such as oral @entity7923 or intravenous @entity4381 , will allow much less frequent administration. The anti- @entity174 efficacy of yearly @entity4381 infusions is thus currently tested. On the other hand, bone-forming agents, such as daily subcutaneous injections of teriparatide (rhPTH 1-34) offer exciting perspectives for the treatment of severe @entity170 despite the complexity of such therapy.

title: Management of primary XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3604 :: ('MESH:D058866', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporotic fractures']

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity171 :: ('MESH:D004164', 'Chemical') :: ['bisphosphonates', 'Bisphosphonates']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity561 :: ('MESH:D019386', 'Chemical') :: ['Alendronate']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['posrmenopausal osteoporosis', 'osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity7923 :: ('MESH:C073007', 'Chemical') :: ['ibandronate']

entities_list: @entity173 :: ('MESH:D006620', 'Disease') :: ['hip fractures']

entities_list: @entity562 :: ('MESH:C073008', 'Chemical') :: ['risedronate']

entities_list: @entity4381 :: ('MESH:C088658', 'Chemical') :: ['zoledronic acid']

entities_list: @entity441 :: ('MESH:D020849', 'Chemical') :: ['Raloxifene']

answer: @entity170 :: (MESH:D010024,Disease) :: ['osteoporosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In Argentina, the rate of cadaveric organ donation per million inhabitants has recently increased to 10.5 (it was previously <7). PURPOSE: To overcome this challenge, the National Institute for Organ Donation and Transplantation (INCUCAI) created a proactive donor detection plan performed by intensive care unit (ICU) physicians (hospital transplantation coordinators) from 90 selected hospitals across the country. METHODS: A prospective, observational study of @entity1 in severe @entity772 status was conducted from September 2003 to December 2005. We enrolled hospitalized @entity1 who displayed a Glasgow @entity772 Scale (GCS) of 7 or less and who were admitted to ICUs. Data included demographics, etiology of @entity772 , @entity1167 , @entity1620 , discharge or derivation, and positive/negative donation. RESULTS: Among 9841 enrolled @entity1 , we excluded 498 who were discharged to another hospital or had unknown outcomes, leaving 9343 for analysis including 64% males and 36% females of overall mean age 50 +/- 19 years (adults) and 5 +/- 4 years ( @entity1 ). Herein, we have highlighted the high risk of @entity204 during the first 2 days in the ICU of @entity1 with GCS 7 or less. Gunshot to the head-injured @entity1 and those with @entity64 were less likely to survive. In this study, @entity1167 events and organ donors (OD) GCS 7 or less ratios emerged as quality control markers of ICU care, unraveling problems of potential donor maintenance or inadequate policies. CONCLUSIONS: The GCS 7 or less surveillance program seemed to be a valuable tool for identifying organ donors and potentially treatable events, such as the high rate of @entity1167 observed in this study.

title: Glasgow @entity772 scale 7 or less surveillance program for XXXX identification in Argentina: Epidemiology and outcome.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhagic strokes']

entities_list: @entity1620 :: ('MESH:D001926', 'Disease') :: ['brain death']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrest']

answer: @entity1620 :: (MESH:D001926,Disease) :: ['brain death']


abstract: @entity1949 ( @entity1949 ) induces increased energy expenditure in @entity35 , insofar as @entity35 eat more but loose weight throughout the deprivation period. In the present study, @entity35 were offered water, @entity8021 or @entity969 to drink during the deprivation period, since it has been proposed that @entity3363 reduce the @entity2339 response to stress. @entity35 were submitted to the flower pot technique for 96 h. During the @entity1949 period, they were weighed daily and food and fluid intake was assessed twice a day. At the end of the @entity1949 period, @entity35 were killed and plasma concentrations of @entity413 , adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and @entity2819 were assayed. Compared to their control counterparts, all paradoxical sleep-deprived @entity35 consumed more food, but lost weight. Paradoxical sleep-deprived @entity35 given @entity969 drank more than their control counterparts (especially in the light phase of the light/dark cycle). Paradoxical sleep-deprived @entity35 showed increased food intake during all periods throughout the experiment, with peak intake during the dark phase and nadir during the light phase of the light/dark cycle. All paradoxical sleep-deprived @entity35 showed lower @entity413 plasma levels than control @entity35 and increased relative adrenal weight. However, when given @entity8021 or @entity969 , paradoxical sleep-deprived @entity35 showed lower concentrations of ACTH and @entity2819 than their water-provided counterparts, indicating that palatable fluids were capable of lowering @entity2339 activation produced by @entity1949 . The fact that @entity1949 induced energy imbalance regardless of the relative attenuation of the @entity2339 activity produced by @entity8021 or @entity969 suggests that the @entity2339 may play only a secondary role in this phenomenon, and that other mechanisms may account for this effect. The data also suggest that supply of palatable fluids can be an additional modification to reduce the stress of the flower pot method.

title: Palatable solutions during @entity1949 : reduction of XXXX activity and lack of effect on energy imbalance.

entities_list: @entity1949 :: ('MESH:D012892', 'Disease') :: ['Paradoxical sleep deprivation', 'PSD']

entities_list: @entity8021 :: ('MESH:D012439', 'Chemical') :: ['saccharin']

entities_list: @entity2819 :: ('MESH:D003345', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosterone']

entities_list: @entity969 :: ('MESH:D013395', 'Chemical') :: ['sucrose']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity2339 :: ('MESH:D007029', 'Disease') :: ['HPA axis', 'hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis']

entities_list: @entity3363 :: ('MESH:D002241', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrates']

answer: @entity2339 :: (MESH:D007029,Disease) :: ['hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recently, there are several studies about @entity5 stem cells (CSC), indicating that they are the cells that initiate the @entity5 , provide progression, @entity3 and responsible for the aggressive @entity5 behavior. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The purpose of this study is to investigate the expressions of @entity11707 , @entity1759 , their different combinations, @entity14215 and @entity5439 in @entity513 . Their relationships with clinicopathologic parameters, such as @entity5 grade, @entity3 , @entity5 size, axillary lymph node involvement, stage, hormone receptors, @entity1722 expression, @entity5 , triple negative status and prognosis were also investigated. Tissue microarray method was used to investigate   mmunohistochemical @entity11707 , @entity1759 , @entity14215 and @entity5439 expressions in 105 @entity513 cases. RESULTS: @entity5439 expression was significantly associated with @entity5 size (p=0.023) and stage (p=0.009). @entity5439 expression was decreased in @entity5 with larger @entity5 size, higher stage and @entity3 . @entity5439 expression was positively correlated with @entity1759 (r=0.212, p=0.032) and @entity1759 (+)/ @entity11707 (+) (r=0.202, p=0.040) expressions. @entity1759 , @entity11707 and @entity14215 expressions showed no significant relationship and correlation with clinicopathologic features. There was a significant relationship (p=0.048) between @entity1759 (+)/ @entity11707 (-/low) phenotype and @entity5 . @entity470 expression was positively correlated with @entity1759 (+)/ @entity11707 (-/low) phenotype (r=0.211, p=0.036). CONCLUSIONS: Basal like @entity5 are enriched for CSCs with @entity1759 (+)/ @entity11707 (-/low) phenotype. @entity5439 can detect a different population of CSC in @entity0 .

title: The clinicopathological and prognostic significance of @entity11707 , @entity1759 , @entity5439 , @entity14215 expressions in @entity513 of the breast: @entity1759 / @entity11707 expression in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'basal like tumors', 'cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity513 :: ('MESH:D044584', 'Disease') :: ['invasive ductal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'lymphovascular invasion']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: As part of the follow-up investigations associated with an outbreak of severe @entity221 and @entity204 among illegal injecting drug users during 2000, 43 cultures of @entity16592 type A, 40 @entity3168 type A and 6 isolates of @entity5259 were characterised by amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis. Among the 43 @entity16592 isolates, 23 different AFLP profiles were detected. The same AFLP profile was detected in isolates from 18 drug users investigated during 2000 from Scotland, England, the Republic of Ireland and Norway and a wound from a @entity1 in 2000 who was not identified as a drug user. Unique AFLP profiles were obtained from four drug users from England and the Republic of Ireland, 10 historical isolates from culture collections, an isolate from food (1989) and three isolates from wounds (1995, 1991, 1988). The 40 @entity3168 isolates were from 13 drug users, the contents of one syringe and two samples of @entity4521 . Sixteen AFLP types of @entity3168 were distinguished and there was little evidence for commonality among the isolates. The AFLP types of @entity3168 from @entity4521 differed and were unique. Six isolates of @entity5259 were from four drug users and two samples of @entity4521 . Four different AFLP patterns were distinguished. Three AFLP types were isolated from four drug users. @entity5259 isolates from an aspirate and a @entity4521 sample collected from the same drug user were identical, and were also indistinguishable from an isolate from a groin infection in a second drug user. The AFLP type of the isolate from a second and unrelated @entity4521 sample was unique. The AFLP results showed no or very limited evidence for commonality between the different isolates of @entity5259 and @entity3168 . In marked contrast, the @entity16592 isolates from the majority of the drug users during 2000 were homogeneous, suggesting a common source or clonal selection of a @entity16592 type, or both, which either had an adaptive advantage in spore germination, survival or growth following the drug preparation and the injection procedure, or produced a more severe clinical presentation.

title: Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis of @entity16592 , @entity3168 and XXXX isolated from injecting drug users during 2000.

entities_list: @entity16592 :: ('1542', 'Species') :: ['C. novyi', 'Clostridium novyi']

entities_list: @entity3168 :: ('1502', 'Species') :: ['C. perfringens']

entities_list: @entity5259 :: ('1396', 'Species') :: ['Bacillus cereus', 'B. cereus']

answer: @entity5259 :: (1396,Species) :: ['Bacillus cereus']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The incidence of new or worsening @entity997 ( @entity997 ) or @entity339 ( @entity339 ) after permanent pacemaker (PPM) or @entity737 ( @entity737 ) lead placement has not been well investigated. We studied the effect of transvenous leads implantation and right ventricular (RV) pacing on tricuspid and mitral @entity338 . METHODS: We reviewed the charts of all @entity1 undergoing PPM or @entity737 lead placement in our electrophysiology laboratory from December 2001 to December 2006. RESULTS: A total of 206 @entity1 (120 with PPM and 86 with @entity737 ) had baseline echocardiography within 6months before, and a follow up study at least 6months after lead insertion. The mean age was 74  14years; 56% were @entity1 . The follow-up period was 29  19months. @entity997 worsened by at least one grade after lead insertion in 44.7% @entity1 (P<0.001). Pre- and post-implant changes in @entity997 severity did not differ with respect to lead type ( @entity737 vs. PPM) or degree of RV pacing dependence. As for @entity339 ; @entity1 with high frequency of RV pacing (>40%) had a higher incidence of worsening @entity339 when compared to those with low frequency of RV pacing (44% vs. 19%; P<0.001). CONCLUSION: PPM or @entity737 lead implantation worsens @entity997 ; that effect is probably induced by mechanical interferences with the TV closure and was consistent regardless the lead type or degree of RV Pacing. @entity339 was noted to increase in @entity1 with high frequency of RV pacing frequency; this is probably caused by the mechanical dyssynchrony induced by RV pacing.

title: The effects of right ventricular apical pacing with transvenous pacemaker and @entity737 on mitral and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity339 :: ('MESH:D008944', 'Disease') :: ['mitral regurgitation', 'MR']

entities_list: @entity737 :: ('MESH:D057873', 'Disease') :: ['ICD', 'implantable cardioverter defibrillator']

entities_list: @entity338 :: ('MESH:D011665', 'Disease') :: ['valve regurgitations']

entities_list: @entity997 :: ('MESH:D014262', 'Disease') :: ['TR', 'tricuspid regurgitation']

answer: @entity997 :: (MESH:D014262,Disease) :: ['tricuspid regurgitation']


abstract: Cultured skin fibroblasts from a proband with @entity6926 were found to synthesize normal and shortened alpha 2(I) chains of @entity4173 . A cDNA library was prepared using mRNA isolated from the proband's fibroblasts. Partial @entity377 sequencing of five clones demonstrated that two clones lacked the 54 base pairs (bp) of coding sequences found in exon 33 of the pro-alpha 2(I) gene ( @entity4173 ). To reduce the amount of @entity377 sequencing required, heteroduplexes were prepared from two of the clones, one normal and the other lacking exon 33, and reacted with a water-soluble @entity26408 under conditions in which nonbase-paired G and T nucleotides are specifically modified by the reagent. Analysis of the heteroduplexes by immunoelectron microscopy suggested that the sequence variation near the codons of exon 33 was the only sequence difference in the cDNA clones. Amplification of cDNA from the proband by polymerase chain reaction gave products of two sizes, one of the expected size for the normal sequence and the other of the expected size for a product lacking the 54 bp in exon 33. To define the mutation in genomic DNA, a 1.6-kilobase region spanning exons 32 and 34 was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction and DNA heteroduplexes were prepared from the products. The heteroduplexes were treated with a water-soluble @entity26408 and then used as templates for primer extension under conditions in which extension terminates at the site of a @entity26408 -modified base. The results suggested a mismatch near the exon-intron boundary of exon 33 and a second mismatch near the 3' end of intron 33. @entity377 sequencing of the polymerase chain reaction products revealed a single-base substitution in one allele that changed the moderately conserved G at position +5 of the 5' splice site of intron 33 to an A. In addition, there was an apparently neutral single-base substitution that placed both a G and T at position +661 of intron 33. The results provide only the third example of a mutation in the G at the +5 position of an intron that causes aberrant RNA splicing. Also, the results demonstrate that use of techniques involving @entity26408 modification of DNA heteroduplexes can reduce the amount of @entity377 sequencing necessary to define mutations in large and complex genes.

title: Heterozygous mutation in the G+5 position of intron 33 of the pro-alpha 2(I) gene ( @entity4173 ) that causes aberrant RNA splicing and lethal @entity6926 . Use of XXXX methods that decrease the extent of DNA sequencing necessary to define an unusual mutation.

entities_list: @entity377 :: ('CHEBI:36976', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotide', 'Nucleotide']

entities_list: @entity6926 :: ('MESH:D010013', 'Disease') :: ['osteogenesis imperfecta']

entities_list: @entity26408 :: ('CHEBI:53091', 'Chemical') :: ['carbodiimide']

entities_list: @entity4173 :: ('1278', 'Gene') :: ['type I procollagen', 'COL1A2']

answer: @entity26408 :: (CHEBI:53091,Chemical) :: ['carbodiimide']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Individuals with @entity161 exhibit problems in language comprehension that are most evident during discourse processing. We hypothesized that deficits in cognitive control contribute to these @entity51 during discourse processing, and investigated the underlying cognitive-neural mechanisms using EEG (alpha power) and ERPs (N400). N400 amplitudes to globally supported or unsupported target words near the end of stories were used to index sensitivity to previous context. ERPs showed reduced sensitivity to context in @entity1 versus controls. EEG alpha-band activity was used to index attentional engagement while @entity1 listened to the stories. We found that context effects varied with attentional engagement in both groups, as well as with negative symptom severity in @entity1 . Both groups demonstrated trial-to-trial fluctuations in alpha. Relatively high alpha power was associated with compromised discourse processing in @entity1 with @entity161 when it occurred during any early portion of the story. In contrast, discourse processing was only compromised in controls when alpha was relatively high for longer segments of the stories. Our results indicate that shifts in attention from the story context may be more detrimental to discourse processing for @entity1 with @entity161 than for controls, most likely due to an impaired ability to benefit from global context.

title: Language context processing deficits in XXXX : The role of attentional engagement.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'participants']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['comprehension deficits']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

answer: @entity161 :: (MESH:D012559,Disease) :: ['schizophrenia']


abstract: Recently, adult stem cells have been identified in several mature tissues. The @entity1 endometrium is responsive to sex @entity134 hormone. It undergoes extraordinary growth in a cyclic manner and is shed and regenerated throughout a @entity1 's lifetime. It has been proposed that the @entity1 endometrium may contain a population of stem cells, which are responsible for its remarkable regenerative ability. It is also suggested that stem-like cells exist in @entity5 tissues. Stem-like cell subpopulations, referred to as "side population" (SP) cells, have been identified in several tissues and @entity5 based on their ability to efflux the fluorescent dye @entity5956 . Recently, we isolated and characterized the SP cells in normal @entity1 endometrium and in an @entity1204 ( @entity1204 ) cell line. Endometrial SP cells can function as progenitor cells. @entity1204 SP cells show the following: (1) reductions in the expression levels of differentiation markers; (2) long-term repopulating properties; (3) self-renewal capacity; (4) enhancement of migration and podia formation; (5) enhancement of tumorigenicity; and (6) bipotent developmental potential ( @entity5 cells and stroma-like cells), suggesting that these SP cells have @entity5 stem-like cell features. We review the articles that show the presence of stem cells in normal endometrium and @entity1204 cells and demonstrate the results of our studies.

title: Stem cells in @entity1 normal endometrium and XXXX cells: characterization of side population cells.

entities_list: @entity1204 :: ('MESH:D016889', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial cancer', 'EC']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

answer: @entity1204 :: (MESH:D016889,Disease) :: ['endometrial cancer']


abstract: Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), especially @entity1476 and @entity1495 , are expressed in most @entity43 , and they play a key role in their invasiveness. Previous studies have shown the involvement of @entity1426 (AA)-derived metabolites in the regulation of MMP expression and @entity5 dissemination, thus suggesting a role for @entity3900 , the AA producing enzymes, in these processes. The present study was undertaken to explore the role of phospholipases in MMP production and @entity5 cell invasiveness. @entity1 @entity1492 cells were found to express and secrete type IB, IIA and V @entity7098 . The cells were found also to express the M-type @entity7098 receptor. Treatment with an extracellular @entity7098 inhibitor inhibited @entity5 cell's invasiveness concomitantly with @entity5379 production. Correspondingly, adding an exogenous @entity7098 -IB (but not IIA) resulted in significant elevation of @entity1476 /9 secretion from the @entity1492 cells. Time-course determination of AA and @entity3952 release by HT-1080 cells suggested that @entity3901 is activated subsequently to @entity7098 action. Accordingly, using Western blot analysis it was found that @entity7098 -IB induced @entity3901 phosphorylation, a requirement for its activation, by a receptor-mediated activity, rather than its lipolytic activity. At the same time, @entity7098 did not induce either MMPs secretion or @entity3901 phosphorylation. The results of this study show for the first time that @entity5379 production by @entity1 @entity1492 HT-1080 cells and their invasiveness is regulated by @entity7098 -IB acting as a receptor ligand to activate @entity3901 , which in turn provides the AA for production of @entity1813 required for MMP expression.

title: MMP production in @entity1 @entity1492 cells and their invasiveness are regulated by group IB secretory XXXX receptor-mediated activation of cytosolic @entity3900 .

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['colonic, gastric, and ovarian carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity3952 :: ('MESH:D019301', 'Chemical') :: ['oleic acid']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity1426 :: ('MESH:D016718', 'Chemical') :: ['arachidonic acid']

entities_list: @entity1492 :: ('MESH:D005354', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity1813 :: ('MESH:D015777', 'Chemical') :: ['eicosanoids']

answer: @entity3900 :: (151056,Gene) :: ['phospholipase A2']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To construct recombinant adenoviruses expressing antiangiogenic fragment of @entity1 @entity3499 (TSP1f). METHODS: TSP1f cDNA was amplified by RT-PCR from normal @entity1 peripheral blood mononuclear cells and was subcloned into a shuttle vector pShuttle- @entity2834 . After sequence confirmation, the resultant plasmid was linearized by the restriction endonuclease Pme I and cotransformed with the supercoiled adenoviral vector pAdEasy-1 into @entity526 BJ5183. Recombinants were selected by @entity7913 resistance and screened by restriction endonuclease digestion. Then, the recombinant adenoviral construct was cleaved with Pac I and transfected into the packaging cell line 293. The adenoviral vector ADV-TSP1f was propagated in 293 cells and purified by @entity6928 ( @entity6928 ) density centrifugation. PCR and Western blot analysis were performed to confirm @entity3499 f expression. RESULTS: Of 43 @entity7913 -resistant colonies obtained from cotransformation, all of the 10 smallest ones were the correct recombinants. TSP-1f was expressed efficiently by ADV-TSP1f. The virus stock titer after @entity6928 banding was 1.0 x 10(11) pfu/mL. CONCLUSIONS: Generating recombinant adenoviruses using AdEasy System results in highly efficient viral production and significantly decrease the time required to construct usable viruses. ADV-TSP1f can be further used in in vivo gene therapy studies.

title: [Efficient generation of recombinant adenoviruses expressing antiangiogenic fragment of XXXX @entity3499 ].

entities_list: @entity7913 :: ('MESH:D007612', 'Chemical') :: ['Kanamycin']

entities_list: @entity6928 :: ('MESH:C028019', 'Chemical') :: ['cesium chloride', 'CsCl']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli strain']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: PRIMARY OBJECTIVE: Navigational skills are fundamental to community travel and, hence, personal independence and are often disrupted in @entity1 with @entity73 . Navigation devices are being developed that can support community navigation by delivering directional information. Selecting an effective mode to provide route-prompts is a critical design issue. This study evaluated the differential effects on pedestrian route finding using different modes of prompting delivered via a handheld electronic device for travellers with severe @entity73 . RESEARCH DESIGN: A within-subject comparison study was used to evaluate potential differences in route navigation performance when travellers received directions using four different prompt modes: (1) aerial map image, (2) point of view map image, (3) text based instructions/no image and (4) audio direction/no image. METHODS AND PROCEDURES: Twenty travellers with severe @entity73 due to acquired @entity1545 walked four equivalent routes using four different prompting modes delivered via a wrist-worn navigation device. Navigation scores were computed that captured accuracy and confidence during navigation. MAIN OUTCOME: Results of the repeated measures Analysis of Variance suggested that @entity1 performed best when given prompts via speech-based audio directions. The majority of the @entity1 also preferred this prompting mode. Findings are interpreted in the context of cognitive resource allocation theory.

title: A comparison of four prompt modes for route finding for community travellers with severe XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['people', 'participants']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairments']

entities_list: @entity1545 :: ('MESH:D020214', 'Disease') :: ['brain injury']

answer: @entity73 :: (MESH:D003072,Disease) :: ['cognitive impairments']


abstract: PREMISE: Since March 1993, 133 @entity1 with high-risk @entity3052 (66 @entity3052 , 67 @entity981 ) have received a megadose of T-cell depleted hematopoietic stem cells. The 1993-95 conditioning protocol included @entity131 , thiotepa, ATG and CY for 36 @entity1 who received an inoculum made up of lectin-separated bone marrow and PBPCs. After 1995, to minimise the extra-hematological @entity137 of the conditioning and eliminate GvHD, we substituted @entity3118 for CY in the conditioning and PBPCs were depleted of T-cells by a positive selection of the @entity2280 + cells using CellPro (n=44 @entity1 ) or, since January 1999, CliniMacs (n = 53 @entity1 ). A later modification to the protocol in January 1999 was the suspension of post transplant @entity1261 . WORK IN PROGRESS: We report here the results in the last 53 @entity3052 @entity1 all of whom were transplanted under our modified protocol. Ages ranged from 9 to 62 years with a median of 38 years for the 33 @entity1 with @entity3052 and 23 for the 20 with @entity981 . All were at high risk because 25 were actually in relapse at transplant, 16 were in second or later CR and even the 12 @entity1 in @entity3432 were at high risk because of the unfavourable prognostic features. Overall 52/53 @entity1 (98%) engrafted. The @entity131 - @entity3118 -based conditioning was well tolerated even in the 14 @entity1 between 45 and 62 years of age. There was no @entity5501 and the incidence of severe @entity33 was low. Even though no post-transplant immunosuppressive therapy was given, acute GvHD grade > or = II occurred in only 4 cases and only one progressed to chronic GvHD. Overall, 16 @entity1 (30%) have died of non-leukemic causes. Relapses occurred mainly in @entity1 who were already in relapse at transplant (12/25). Only 3 of the 28 who were in any CR at transplant have so far relapsed. As our group has already shown, donor-vs-recipient NK cell alloreactivity exerts a specific graft-vs- @entity3052 effect in the absence of GvHD. In fact, @entity1778 relapse was largely controlled in @entity3052 recipients whose donor was NK alloreactive, with only 2 out of 16 relapsing. To date, 13 of 18 @entity3052 (72%) and 5 of 10 @entity981 (50%) who were in any CR at transplant, survive disease-free while 4 of the 15 @entity1 (16%) in relapse at transplant survive. The probability of event-free survival for @entity1 transplanted in CR is 60% in the 18 @entity3052 @entity1 and 38% in the 10 @entity981 . The probability of EFS was significantly better in the 16 @entity3052 @entity1 whose transplant included donor vs recipient NK cell alloreactivity than in those whose transplant did not (70% vs 7%). In conclusion, given our current results, the most suitable candidate for the full haplotype mismatched transplant should be in early stage disease and selection of an NK alloreactive donor is recommended.

title: Haploidentical stem cell transplantation for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['mucositis']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['AML', 'acute leukemia']

entities_list: @entity3118 :: ('MESH:C024352', 'Chemical') :: ['Fludarabine', 'fludarabine']

entities_list: @entity5501 :: ('MESH:D006504', 'Disease') :: ['veno-occlusive disease of the liver']

answer: @entity3052 :: (MESH:D015470,Disease) :: ['acute leukemia']


abstract: At present, the ambulatory 24-hr pH test has been used as a diagnostic tool to assess @entity354 ( @entity354 ) in those @entity1 with @entity304 and a normal endoscopy. However, @entity1 poorly tolerate the prolonged nature of the 24-hr test. The aim of this study was to determine whether analyzing a 3-hr postprandial period from a full 24-hr study would be as sensitive as the longer test. Data were analyzed from a standard ambulatory 24-hr pH recording. A positive test was determined if the pH was < 4 for more than 4% of the study period with the probe placed 5 cm above the lower esophageal sphincter for both groups. The data were then reanalyzed by determining the percent time of pH < 4 during a 3-hr postprandial period. The results of 50 @entity1 with a positive 24-hr test were compared with 50 @entity1 with normal tests. The meal that was used to study the 3-hr postprandial period occurred in the late afternoon or early evening. The 3-hr postprandial test had a sensitivity of 88% when compared to the 24-hour test and a specificity of 98%. The positive predictive value was 100% for the 3-hr test, and the accuracy of this shorter test when compared with the standard 24-hour test was 95%. In conclusion the 3-hr postprandial analysis is a highly sensitive and specific test for demonstrating @entity354 . By using the shorter test, @entity1 discomfort may be reduced and compliance enhanced.

title: Streamlining 24-hour pH study for XXXX : Use of a 3-hour postprandial test.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity304 :: ('MESH:D010302', 'Disease') :: ['reflux symptoms']

entities_list: @entity354 :: ('MESH:D005764', 'Disease') :: ['gastroesophageal reflux disease', 'GERD']

answer: @entity354 :: (MESH:D005764,Disease) :: ['GERD']


abstract: This study investigated the utility of neurophysiologic examination and thermal quantitative sensory testing (QST) in the diagnosis of @entity16 and @entity9 . Fifty-eight @entity1 (14 @entity1 ), 34 with @entity129 ( @entity27905 ) distribution, were included. Twenty-six @entity1 (45%) reported @entity9 . @entity1 underwent blink reflex (BR) test and thermal QST; sensory neurography was done to the IAN @entity1 . Results of clinical sensory testing were available from the charts of 48 @entity1 revealing abnormal findings in 77% of the IAN and in 94% of the @entity27905 @entity1 . The BR test was abnormal in 41%, neurography in 96%, and QST in 91% of the IAN @entity1 . In the @entity27905 group, BR was abnormal in 33%, and QST in 100% of the @entity1 tested. Neurophysiologic tests and QST verified the subjective sensory alteration in all but 2 IAN @entity1 , both with old injuries, and 4 @entity27905 @entity1 who did not undergo QST. When abnormal, thermal QST showed elevation of warm and cold detection thresholds (hypo/anesthesia), hypoalgesia was less marked, and @entity1931 was only occasionally present. Contralateral thermal hypoesthesia after unilateral injury was found in 14 @entity1 . It was associated with the occurrence of @entity9 (P=0.016). Axonal Abeta afferent damage was less severe in the IAN @entity1 with @entity158 than in those without @entity158 (P=0.012). Neurophysiologic tests and thermal QST provide sensitive tools for accurate diagnosis of @entity16 and study of pathophysiological features characteristic to @entity1 @entity9 .

title: Neurophysiologic and quantitative sensory testing in the diagnosis of XXXX and @entity9 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'human', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity129 :: ('MESH:D003389', 'Disease') :: ['sensory deficit within the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) and 24 within the lingual nerve']

entities_list: @entity1931 :: ('MESH:D006930', 'Disease') :: ['heat allodynia']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['trigeminal neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity9 :: ('MESH:D009437', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathic pain']

answer: @entity16 :: (MESH:D009422,Disease) :: ['trigeminal neuropathy']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The incidence of @entity1150 and @entity1151 in @entity1 with @entity5 has been estimated at 120/100,000 (the second highest rate for any kind of malignant @entity5 ). A timely diagnosis is an indispensable requisite in the clinical evaluation of neurological @entity1 . @entity1 suffering from @entity463 multiforme present a generalized state of @entity49 with a @entity1150 incidence after surgery of between 3 and 60%. The incidence with @entity1151 occurs is 5% in @entity1 following neurosurgical operations, with a mortality rate of between 9 and 50%. CASE REPORT: We report the case of a 64 year old male @entity1 with a suspected diagnosis of @entity1151 and @entity715 of the right lower limb. Clinical studies included a simple chest X ray, a Doppler ultrasound recording of the lower limbs, a spiral computed tomography (CAT) scan of the thorax, and a magnetic resonance (MR) scan of the head. The spiral CAT scan showed filling defects in the main pulmonary arteries, a tram track appearance and central filling defects. All these findings are compatible with an imaging diagnosis of @entity1151 . CONCLUSIONS: The main aim of this study was to describe the use of spiral CAT scanning as a primary tool in the diagnosis of a case. The concurrence of the spiral scan image, the abnormal increase in D dimer and the clinical information left no doubts about the diagnosis. The clinical manifestations of @entity1151 are not specific and therefore the @entity1 s life is at risk. In addition, few reports have been published about the association between @entity463 multiforme and the later appearance of @entity1151 (a search was conducted in the medical literature from the last 10 years using MEDLINE), and hence we have presented a communication dealing with this pathological association together with a brief review of the clinical diagnosis of @entity1151 and its physiopathogenic mechanisms.

title: [Pulmonary thromboembolism associated with XXXX multiforme: imaging diagnosis of a case and a review of the literature].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral neoplasia', 'neoplasia']

entities_list: @entity49 :: ('MESH:D019851', 'Disease') :: ['hypercoagulability']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary embolism', 'which pulmonary embolism', 'pulmonary thromboembolism']

entities_list: @entity1150 :: ('MESH:D020246', 'Disease') :: ['deep vein thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity463 :: ('MESH:D005909', 'Disease') :: ['glioblastoma']

answer: @entity463 :: (MESH:D005909,Disease) :: ['glioblastoma']


abstract: Certain conjugative plasmids in @entity797 encode a mating response to peptide sex pheromones encoded on the chromosome of potential recipient (plasmid-free) strains. The @entity5681 precursors correspond to the precursors of surface lipoproteins with the mature peptides coming from the last 7-8 residues of the related signal sequences. Processing that gives rise to the pAD1-related peptide involves a chromosome-encoded metalloprotease (Eep) that is believed to operate within the cytoplasmic membrane. Mutations in the determinants for cAD1 and cAM373, cad and camE, respectively, do not affect cell viability; and when the related plasmid is present, the @entity5681 response is normal. A cAM373-like activity is produce by @entity794 , but the corresponding lipoprotein determinant (camS) is unrelated to the enterococcal determinant (camE). pAD1 has two origins of transfer, oriT1 and oriT2 and encodes a relaxase (TraX), which has been shown to specifically nick in oriT2. pAM373 has a site, oriT, that is similar to oriT2 of pAD1. Both sites (oriT2 of pAD1 and oriT of pAM373) have a series of short direct repeats (5-6 bp with 5-6 bp-spacings) adjacent to a long inverted repeat (140 bp). The direct repeats differ significantly and confer specificity to the two systems. pAD1 and pAM373 are both able to mobilize the nonconjugative plasmid pAMalpha1, which encodes two relaxases that are involved in transfer. Relevant information concerning the possible movement of @entity2176 resistance from @entity797 to @entity794 in a clinical environment is discussed.

title: Enterococcal plasmid transfer: sex pheromones, transfer origins, relaxases, and the XXXX issue.

entities_list: @entity797 :: ('1351', 'Species') :: ['Enterococcus faecalis', 'E. faecalis']

entities_list: @entity5681 :: ('CHEBI:26013', 'Chemical') :: ['pheromone']

entities_list: @entity2176 :: ('MESH:D014640', 'Chemical') :: ['vancomycin']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus', 'S. aureus']

answer: @entity794 :: (1280,Species) :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of low-level nerve stimulation therapy over the volar aspect of the wrist at the P6 point to treat @entity390 and @entity391 in early pregnancy. METHODS: Pregnant volunteers (n = 230) with symptoms of mild to severe @entity390 and @entity391 between 6 and 12 weeks' gestation participated in a 21-day clinical trial. @entity1 were randomly assigned to receive a device for nerve stimulation therapy or an otherwise identical but nonstimulating placebo device. The primary outcome measure was self-recorded symptoms according to the Rhodes Index of @entity390 , Vomiting, and Retching (Rhodes Index). Secondary outcome measures were medication use, @entity1017 , and presence of urinary @entity16623 . RESULTS: Baseline characteristics were similar in both groups. A total of 187 @entity1 (81%) completed the trial. Pretreatment Rhodes Index scores for the entire population demonstrated no significant differences between study and control groups. The time-averaged change in Rhodes Index total experience of 6.48 for the study group was significantly better than the control value of 4.65 (P =.02). Study @entity1 gained more weight than controls (2.9 versus 1.2 lb, P =.003). There were no statistically significant differences in medication use or urinary @entity6178 measurements. CONCLUSION: Nerve stimulation therapy is effective in reducing @entity390 and @entity391 and promoting @entity1017 in symptomatic @entity1 in the first trimester of pregnancy.

title: A randomized controlled trial of nerve stimulation for relief of @entity390 and XXXX in pregnancy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity390 :: ('MESH:D009325', 'Disease') :: ['Nausea', 'nausea']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['weight gain']

answer: @entity391 :: (MESH:D014839,Disease) :: ['vomiting']


abstract: Management of @entity358 after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) often includes bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), but the diagnostic yield of BAL remains unclear in pediatric HSCT @entity1 . We reviewed the records of 78 allogeneic and 11 autologous transplant recipients who underwent BAL after HSCT at St. Jude @entity1 's Research Hospital (1990-2002). We analyzed donor and recipient information, clinical variables, adverse events during bronchoscopy, outcome, and medical management at the time of the procedure to determine the diagnostic yield of BAL and factors that affect its success. Seventy-eight allogeneic and 11 autologous transplant recipients underwent BAL at a median of 68 days (range, 6-528 days) and 23 days (range, 6-705 days) after HSCT, respectively. The median age at the time of BAL was 12.2 years (0.8-23.5 years) in allogeneic @entity1 and 16.9 years (4.8-26.2 years) in autologous @entity1 . The most common indications for BAL in both populations were @entity221 , @entity519 , and abnormality on chest auscultation. BAL identified an etiology in 53 allogeneic (67.9%) and 7 autologous (63.6%) @entity1 (BAL positive); only 1 etiology was identified in 30 of the 53 allogeneic @entity1 (56.6%). The most common finding was @entity2348 in both allogeneic (59.0%) and autologous (71.4%) @entity1 . Of 39 allogeneic @entity1 who had concurrent @entity281 , 30 (76.9%) had a positive BAL. Seven (9.0%) allogeneic @entity1 experienced @entity519 (generally transient) during bronchoscopy. Approximately 68% of those with a positive BAL were receiving immunosuppressive therapy, whereas 96% of @entity1 with a negative BAL were receiving immunosuppressive therapy (P = .008). Further, 26.4% of the BAL-positive cohort had grade II-IV @entity2132 ( @entity2132 ), whereas 60% of the BAL-negative group had grade II-IV @entity2132 (P = .004). In our experience, the safety and diagnostic yield of BAL in this set of @entity1 is relatively high, but the likelihood of informative findings is reduced among allogeneic recipients with grade II-IV @entity2132 and those receiving immunosuppressive therapy.

title: Diagnostic yield of bronchoalveolar lavage is low in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell recipients receiving immunosuppressive therapy or with XXXX : the St. Jude experience, 1990-2002.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity2348 :: ('MESH:D001424', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial infection']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['extrapulmonary infection']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary complications']

entities_list: @entity2132 :: ('MESH:D006086', 'Disease') :: ['acute graft-versus-host disease', 'aGVHD']

answer: @entity2132 :: (MESH:D006086,Disease) :: ['acute graft-versus-host disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity67 has been shown to be an independent factor of @entity65 in @entity1 with @entity101 . Very often, @entity27 ( @entity27 ) and @entity209 ( @entity209 ) coexist with @entity101 ( @entity101 ) and may lead to @entity67 . Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate whether @entity27 and @entity209 are associated with @entity67 in @entity1 with @entity101 independently from other factors, including age, left ventricular mass index (LVMI), and blood pressure (BP). METHODS: Data from 155 @entity1 (n = 92 @entity1 and 63 @entity1 ) were analyzed. All @entity1 underwent thorough examination, including biochemical evaluations, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, polysomnography with assessment of @entity27 ( @entity27 ), and echocardiography. LVMI and diastolic function parameters were obtained. RESULTS: @entity1 were divided into 2 groups based on the presence or absence of @entity67 : group 1 (E' < 10cm/second; n=87) and group 2 (E' > 10cm/second; n = 68). @entity27 , LVMI, and 24-hour systolic BP/diastolic BP values were higher in group 1. E' correlated with @entity27 (r = -0.25; P < 0.001), LVMI (r = -0.36; P < 0.0001), 24-h systolic BP/24-h diastolic BP (r = -0.28, P < 0.001; r = -0.30, P < 0.001, respectively), @entity413 level (r = -0.26; P < 0.01), and @entity1144 (r = -0.28; P < 0.0001). In multivariable models decreased E' was independently related to the presence of @entity209 or @entity1144 when separate components of @entity209 were included in the model. Age and 24-hour systolic BP were independently associated with decreased E'. However, the relationship of decreased E' with 24-hour systolic BP was nonsignificant if LVMI was included in the multivariable model. CONCLUSIONS: @entity209 and @entity1144 were independently associated with @entity67 in @entity1 with @entity101 . @entity27 was not confirmed to be an independent factor of @entity67 .

title: Factors Associated With @entity67 in XXXX With Resistant @entity101 : Resist-POL Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'RHTN', 'resistant hypertension']

entities_list: @entity27 :: ('MESH:D020181', 'Disease') :: ['apnea/hypopnea index', 'obstructive sleep apnea', 'OSA', 'AHI']

entities_list: @entity1144 :: ('MESH:D056128', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal obesity']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['MS', 'metabolic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['Diastolic dysfunction', 'diastolic dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular diseases']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate the safety, efficacy and effectiveness of botulinum toxin type-B ( @entity24008 ) injections into the parotid glands to reduce drooling in @entity191 ( @entity191 ) subjects. METHODS: A double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled study enrolled 36 advanced phase @entity191 subjects who complained of disabling drooling. @entity1 received either 4000U @entity24008 or placebo. Anatomically guided injections were performed. Outcome measures were chosen to assess both the subjective feeling of improvement (i. e. the Drooling Severity and Frequency Scale, DSFS, visuo-analogic ratings of familial distress, @entity10751 , and social distress, @entity168 ) and objective saliva reduction (saliva production over five minutes was checked by weighing dental rolls). The Global Impression Score (GIS) was also applied, rating improvement from 0 to 3. RESULTS: One month after injections, @entity24008 @entity1 showed a meaningful improvement in almost all subjective outcomes. Two-way analysis of variance gave a significant time x treatment effect, F-value being 52.5 (p < 0.0001) for DS-FS, 23.2 (p < 0.0001) for @entity10751 , 29 (p < 0.0001) for @entity168 , and 28.9 (p < 0.0001) for UPDRSADL drooling item score. All @entity24008 subjects declared @entity4164 reduction of any kind (moderate for 44.4% cases, and dramatic for 33.3% subjects), at variance with 61.1% controls who denied any benefit from treatment. (Chi-square = 22.9; p < 0.0001). When present, benefits lasted on average 19.2 +/- 6.3 weeks in the @entity24008 group compared to 6.7 +/- 1.4 weeks in controls (T-value: 26.4; p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: BTXB represents a safe and efficacious tool for the management of @entity191 -related drooling, ensuring a longlasting waning of this disabling symptom.

title: Long-lasting benefits of botulinum toxin type B in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4164 :: ('MESH:D012798', 'Disease') :: ['sialorrhea']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease", 'PD']

answer: @entity191 :: (MESH:D010300,Disease) :: ['Parkinson's disease-related drooling']


abstract: @entity1 with @entity14 admitted to the emergency room are generally at more advanced stage of the disease and are usually submitted to a resection with curative intent in a smaller scale. In such scenario, one of the aspects to be considered is whether the principles of oncologic resection are observed when those @entity1 diagnosed with @entity694 are treated with surgery. We selected 87 @entity1 with @entity694 submitted to an emergency surgical resection. The major variables reviewed retrospectively were: the extent of resection performed, the number of dissected regional lymph nodes and the overall survival rate. @entity1321 was observed in 67 @entity1 (77%) while perforation was found in 20 @entity1 (23%). Seven (8%) specimens had circumferential compromised margins, all found in @entity1 with T4 @entity5 combine with poor clinical status. The number of dissected regional lymph nodes was greater than, or equal to, 12 in 71% of @entity1 . While the average days of stay in the ICU was 5.7  days, the median was 3  days. The morbidity and peri-operative mortality stood at 33.6% and 20%, respectively. The outcome of an emergency surgery of @entity14 observed in this study was similar to those found in the literature. The principles of oncologic resection were respected when considering and analyzing the extent of the resection, the surgical margins and the number of dissected lymph nodes.

title: Can we respect the principles of oncologic resection in an emergency surgery to treat XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity1321 :: ('MESH:D007415', 'Disease') :: ['Intestinal obstruction']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma of colon and/or upper rectum', 'colon cancer']

answer: @entity694 :: (MESH:D003110,Disease) :: ['colon cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The primary objective was to investigate prevalence of subclinical @entity731 in Korean individuals with @entity6 and @entity407 . Association of subclinical @entity731 with cardiovascular risk was assessed. METHODS: Assessments of carotid artery intima media thickness (cIMT) and @entity1856 were done using B-mode ultrasonography. Subclinical @entity731 was diagnosed based on presence of plaque, and/or increased cIMT versus mean cIMT reference values for Korean healthy controls. @entity731 risk factors were analyzed using United Kingdom Prospective @entity6 Study (UKPDS) risk engine and Framingham Risk Score. RESULTS: In total, 355 @entity1 were included; increased mean cIMT was observed in 15.3  % of @entity1 , 69  % had >1 carotid artery plaque, and 72.7  % were diagnosed with subclinical @entity731 . In total, 60  % of subjects were taking statins, with low-density lipoprotein @entity165 level maintained ~80  mg/dL at enrollment. Carotid artery measures were well correlated with UKPDS and Framingham risk scores. Prevalence of subclinical @entity731 in the low risk group (<15  % 10-year UKPDS-predicted @entity301 risk) was 64.7  %; higher than predicted in previous studies. In multivariate analysis, advanced age was a significant risk factor for subclinical @entity731 in @entity1 and @entity1 , while increased waist circumference and longer @entity6 duration were independent predictors only in @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Subclinical @entity731 is more prevalent among individuals with both @entity6 and @entity407 than in @entity6 @entity1 without additional cardiovascular risk factors. As conventional risk engines, based on modifiable risk factors may underestimate cardiovascular risk, early non-invasive carotid artery imaging screening may be warranted for @entity1 with @entity6 and @entity407 , especially if they are elderly, have central @entity28 or have long duration of @entity6 . TRIAL REGISTRATION: www.clinicaltrials.gov NCT01264263.

title: Clinical implications of carotid artery intima media thickness assessment on cardiovascular risk stratification in hyperlipidemic Korean adults with XXXX : the ALTO study.

entities_list: @entity407 :: ('MESH:D006949', 'Disease') :: ['hyperlipidemia']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetes', 'diabetic', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary heart disease']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity1856 :: ('MESH:D058226', 'Disease') :: ['atheromatous plaque']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis', 'Atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity10592 ( @entity10592 ) is frequently reported in @entity706 @entity1 treated with rituximab-contained regimens. There is a trend toward a difference in @entity10592 risk between bi- and tri-weekly regimens. The aims of this systemic review and meta-analysis were to estimate the risk for @entity10592 in these @entity1 , compare the impact of different regimens on the risk, and evaluate the efficacy of prophylaxis. The cohort studies with incept up to January 2014 were retrieved from the Cochrane Library, Medline, Embase, and Web of Science databases. Studies that compared the incidence of @entity10592 in @entity1 with and without rituximab treatment were conducted. Studies that reported the results of prophylaxis were concentrated to evaluate the efficacy of prophylaxis. Fixed effect Mantel-Haenszel model was chosen as the main analysis method. Funnel plots were examined to estimate the potential selection bias. Egger's test and Begg's test were used for the determination of possible small study bias. Eleven cohort studies that met the inclusion criteria were finally included. Results indicated that rituximab was associated with a significantly increased risk for @entity10592 (28/942 vs 5/977; risk ratio: 3.65; 95% confidence interval 1.65 to 8.07; P=0.001), and no heterogeneity existed between different studies (I2=0%). Little significant difference in @entity10592 risk was found between bi-weekly and tri-weekly regimens (risk ratio: 3.11; 95% confidence interval 0.92 to 10.52, P=0.068). @entity10592 risk was inversely associated with prophylaxis in @entity1 treated with rituximab (0/222 vs 26/986; risk ratio: 0.28; 95% confidence interval 0.09 to 0.94; P=0.039). In conclusion, @entity10592 risk was increased significantly in @entity706 @entity1 subjected to rituximab-contained chemotherapies. Difference in @entity10592 risk between bi-weekly and tri-weekly regimens was not significant. Additionally, prophylaxis was dramatically effective in preventing @entity10592 in rituximab-received @entity706 @entity1 , suggesting that rituximab should be recommended for these @entity1 .

title: Prophylaxis and Treatment of Pneumocystis jiroveci Pneumonia in Lymphoma XXXX Subjected to Rituximab-Contained Therapy: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity10592 :: ('MESH:D011020', 'Disease') :: ['PCP', 'Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 ( @entity0 ) are a diverse and heterogeneous group of @entity5 that by definition lack @entity172 and @entity1420 receptors and amplification of the @entity1722 gene. The majority of the @entity5 classified as @entity0 are highly malignant, @entity1 are usually young and only a subgroup of @entity1 responds to conventional chemotherapy with a favorable prognosis. Various studies have been reported in western literature on @entity0 , all highlighting the poor prognosis of this subtype. However, extensive data from India is lacking. AIM: The aim of this study was to analyze the epidemiological and clinical profile of @entity0 at our institute. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was the retrospective study carried out in Tertiary Cancer Care Center in South India. Case files of all @entity0 @entity1 were reviewed from the hospital database registered in 1 year and TNBC @entity1 were selected for the study. @entity1 's characteristic, treatment, and histological features were analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 322 @entity1 were registered during the period of 1 year and 26% (84/322) of total @entity1 were TNBC. Median age of presentation was 44.5 years. About 94% (79/84) of @entity1 had first full-term delivery before the age of 30 years. The most common presenting symptom was left sided breast lump. Locally advanced and early @entity0 (EBC) was 51% (43/84) and 42% (36/84), respectively. @entity0 was seen in five @entity1 . The highest numbers of @entity1 were node negative disease (36.9%) [31/84], followed by N1 30.95% (26/84). Most of the @entity1 had high-grade @entity5 . 94% (34/36) of cases of EBC had undergone upfront modified radical mastectomy. @entity513 was the predominant histology except one who had @entity189 . Twenty-four @entity1 received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT). There was no pathological complete remission, but all @entity1 responded to NACT. @entity3 was seen in five @entity1 . All @entity1 had bone @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 are highly aggressive subtype, with high grade with limited treatment options and very poor prognosis. Incidence is more in our country than the western literature. Even in our country also the incidence is varies in different region. @entity0 are significantly associated with young aged @entity1 . There was a lack of association between @entity5 size and lymph node positivity.

title: A study of triple negative @entity0 at a tertiary XXXX care center in southern India.

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['Triple negative breast cancers', 'TNBCs', 'breast cancer', 'Metastatic breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['medullary carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity513 :: ('MESH:D044584', 'Disease') :: ['Invasive ductal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'Metastatic disease']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: Minor elevations in urinary albumin excretion rate (Ualb.V) are likely to be associated with renal function loss and increased cardiovascular risk. Since urinary albumin excretion is affected by the @entity2124 (GH)-insulin-like growth factor-1 ( @entity442 ) axis, we evaluated the effect of 6 months GH replacement (1U/day, n=8 and 2U/day, n=16) on urinary protein handling in 24 non-diabetic, normotensive @entity2338 adults (12 @entity1 and 12 @entity1 ), of whom 8 @entity1 received placebo during 6 months, followed by active GH treatment. Plasma @entity442 increased from 11.4 (8.1-15.8) nmol/L (median, interquartile range) to 35.4 (22.3-44.1) nmol/L (p<0.001 versus change after placebo; median Z-score reached +0.2) after 6 months GH. and remained unaltered after placebo. Overnight Ualb.V was 4.0 (3.1-4.9) microg/min before and 4.6 (2.4-8.2) microg/min after GH (p>0.10). Likewise, urinary IgG excretion rate did not significantly change after GH (0.71 (0.52-1.20) microg/min before GH versus 0.80 (0.51-1.56) microg/min after GH; p>0.10). No significant changes were observed in @entity1011 clearance (p>0.10) and mean arterial pressure (p>0.10). No changes in any of these parameters were observed after placebo. Individual changes in Ualb.V were positively correlated with changes in plasma @entity442 (r(s)=0.41, p=0.05) and with changes in mean arterial pressure (r(s)=0.49, p<0.02). The present study shows that 6 months GH replacement, increasing plasma @entity442 within the physiological range, does not result in a clinically relevant increase in urinary protein excretion in @entity2338 adults. The correlation between changes in plasma @entity442 and in @entity633 supports the rationale to avoid supraphysiological @entity442 levels.

title: @entity2124 replacement does not elevate @entity633 in XXXX adults.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity2338 :: ('MESH:D004393', 'Disease') :: ['GH-deficient']

entities_list: @entity633 :: ('MESH:D000419', 'Disease') :: ['albuminuria']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

answer: @entity2338 :: (MESH:D004393,Disease) :: ['GH-deficient']


abstract: @entity438 ( @entity438 ) is the third most common @entity439 . This condition, which occurs predominantly in young @entity1 , is generally asymptomatic and frequently discovered during pregnancy upon @entity397 . Reported maternal and fetal mortality are respectively 75% and 72.5-95%. A 40-year-old @entity1 gravida 4 para 3 was referred to the obstetrical emergencies at term for @entity909 , @entity390 , @entity391 , and @entity551 . At admission, the @entity1 had developed upper @entity490 . Fetal demise and hemoperitoneum were diagnosed. An abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan revealed @entity1756 . An emergency hemostatic splenectomy was performed followed by a cesarean section with a favorable subsequent outcome. @entity1756 should be considered in the differential diagnosis of acute @entity490 during pregnancy. Prompt multidisciplinary management is essential for @entity1 's survival.

title: Rupture of maternal XXXX and fetal demise.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1756 :: ('MESH:D017542', 'Disease') :: ['SAA rupture']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity909 :: ('MESH:D014474', 'Disease') :: ['loss of consciousness']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['intra-abdominal aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['Splenic artery aneurysm', 'SAA']

answer: @entity438 :: (MESH:D002532,Disease) :: ['splenic artery aneurysm']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of @entity1502 ( @entity4045 ) on angiogenesis and the healing of a critical-sized segmental defect of the radius diaphysis in a @entity35 model, using radiological and histological grading systems. METHODS: The study included 24 female @entity35 (weight: 300  20 g) divided into 4 groups. A critical-sized segmental defect was created in the radius diaphysis in all @entity35 . In Group 1, morcellized iliac crest autografts were used to fill the segmental bone defect. In Group 2, @entity79 were filled using morcellized iliac crest autografts, and 25 mg/kg/day @entity4045 was applied intraperitoneally. In Group 3, the @entity79 were not filled, and in Group 4 the @entity79 were left unfilled, and an intraperitoneal (IP) dose of 25 mg/kg/day @entity4045 was applied. @entity35 were sacrificed at postoperative Week 8, and defects were evaluated using radiographic, histological and immunohistochemical methods. RESULTS: There were significant differences between Group 1 and 2 according to radiological evaluation (p=0.003) and quality of union at the defect site (p=0.01). Union quality was higher in Group 4 than Group 3 (p=0.01). Cluster of differentiation 31 (CD31) and @entity6667 ( @entity6667 ) levels were higher in Group 2 than in Groups 3 and 4. CONCLUSION: According to radiological and histological parameters, @entity4045 appears to improve angiogenesis and @entity79 of the radius in a @entity35 model.

title: Effect of @entity1502 on healing of XXXX and angiogenesis.

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['segmental bone defects', 'healing of segmental cortical bone defects']

entities_list: @entity1502 :: ('MESH:D010431', 'Chemical') :: ['pentoxifylline']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['rat', 'Sprague-Dawley rats', 'Rats', 'rats']

entities_list: @entity6667 :: ('83785(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor', 'VEGF']

answer: @entity79 :: (MESH:D001847,Disease) :: ['segmental bone defects']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To compare the overall survival of @entity1 with @entity157 ( @entity157 ) who were treated with @entity4831 -based conventional transarterial chemoembolization (cTACE) with that of @entity1 treated with drug-eluting bead transarterial chemoembolization (DEB- @entity3375 ). METHODS: By an electronic search of our radiology information system, we identified 674 @entity1 that received @entity3375 between November 2002 and July 2013. A total of 520 @entity1 received cTACE, and 154 received DEB- @entity3375 . In total, 424 @entity1 were excluded for the following reasons: @entity5 type other than @entity157 (n   =   91), liver transplantation after @entity3375 (n   =   119), lack of histological grading (n   =   58), incomplete laboratory values (n   =   15), other reasons (e.g., previous systemic chemotherapy) (n   =   114), or were lost to follow-up (n   =   27). Therefore, 250 @entity1 were finally included for comparative analysis (n   =   174 cTACE; n   =   76 DEB- @entity3375 ). RESULTS: There were no significant differences between the two groups regarding sex, overall status (Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer classification), liver function ( @entity1 -Pugh), portal invasion, @entity5 load, or @entity5 grading (all p   >   0.05). The mean number of treatment sessions was 4        3.1 in the cTACE group versus 2.9        1.8 in the DEB- @entity3375 group (p   =   0.01). Median survival was 409  days (95  % CI: 321-488 days) in the cTACE group, compared with 369  days (95  % CI: 310-589 days) in the DEB- @entity3375 group (p   =   0.76). In the subgroup of @entity1 A @entity1 , the survival was 602  days (484-792 days) for cTACE versus 627  days (364-788 days) for DEB- @entity3375 (p   =   0.39). In @entity1 B/C @entity1 , the survival was considerably lower: 223  days (165-315 days) for cTACE versus 226  days (114-335 days) for DEB- @entity3375 (p   =   0.53). CONCLUSION: The present study showed no significant difference in overall survival between cTACE and DEB- @entity3375 in @entity1 with @entity157 . However, the significantly lower number of treatments needed in the DEB- @entity3375 group makes it a more appealing treatment option than cTACE for appropriately selected @entity1 with unresectable @entity157 .

title: Conventional transarterial chemoembolization versus drug-eluting bead transarterial chemoembolization for the treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Child', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4831 :: ('MESH:D004998', 'Chemical') :: ['lipiodol']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'hepatocellular carcinoma']

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']


abstract: Several disorders are related to pathological @entity75 . In the case of @entity191 , sustained @entity4365 (especially in the b-band, 13-30 Hz) correlate with motor symptoms. It is still under debate whether these oscillations are the cause of @entity304 . The development of techniques enabling selective disruption of these @entity23041 could contribute to the understanding of the underlying mechanisms, and could be exploited for treatments. A particularly appealing technique is Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS). With clinical electrical DBS, electrical currents are delivered at high frequency to a region made of potentially heterogeneous neurons (the @entity10789 ( @entity10789 ) in the case of @entity191 ). Even more appealing is DBS with optogenetics, which is until now a preclinical method using both gene transfer and deep brain light delivery and enabling neuromodulation at the scale of one given neural network. In this work, we rely on delayed neural fields models of @entity10789 and the external Globus Pallidus (GPe) to develop, theoretically validate and test in silico a closed-loop stimulation strategy to disrupt these sustained oscillations with optogenetics. First, we rely on tools from control theory to provide theoretical conditions under which sustained oscillations can be attenuated by a closed-loop stimulation proportional to the measured activity of @entity10789 . Second, based on this theoretical framework, we show numerically that the proposed closed-loop stimulation efficiently attenuates sustained oscillations, even in the case when the photosensitization effectively affects only 50% of @entity10789 neurons. We also show through simulations that oscillations disruption can be achieved when the same light source is used for the whole @entity10789 population. We finally test the robustness of the proposed strategy to possible acquisition and processing delays, as well as parameters uncertainty.

title: Closed-loop stimulation of a delayed neural fields model of XXXX : a theoretical and computational study.

entities_list: @entity304 :: ('MESH:D010302', 'Disease') :: ['parkinsonian motor symptoms']

entities_list: @entity10789 :: ('MESH:D002527', 'Disease') :: ['STN', 'subthalamic nucleus']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain oscillations']

entities_list: @entity23041 :: ('MESH:C535600', 'Disease') :: ['b-oscillations']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease"]

entities_list: @entity4365 :: ('MESH:C565121', 'Disease') :: ['low-frequency oscillations']

answer: @entity191 :: (MESH:D010300,Disease) :: ['parkinsonian STN-GPe network']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To develop a screening test for @entity2133 . METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 152 healthy subjects aged <20-60 yr, 30 @entity1 with primary @entity244 and 60 @entity1 with other connective tissue diseases, sampled randomly. A validated screening questionnaire for @entity10632 and the Schirmer-1 and wafer tests were carried out in all subjects. In addition, non-stimulated whole salivary flow was measured in a random sample of 113 @entity1 . The main outcome was the time of dissolution of the wafer. RESULTS: Time of dissolution of the wafer was 2.8+/-2.1 min in the healthy group, 3.3+/-1.5 min in the connective tissue diseases group, and 9.2+/-3.9 min in the primary @entity244 group (P<0.001). The correlation coefficient between the wafer test and non-stimulated whole salivary flow was -0.60 [95% confidence interval (CI) -0.47, -0.71]. A cut-off value of 4 min ('wafer 4') showed sensitivity of 92.9%, specificity of 71.7%, a positive predictive value of 31.7%, a negative predictive value of 98.6%, accuracy of 74.3%, an ROC (receiver operating curve) value of 82.3 and a likelihood ratio of 3.3 (95% CI 2.3, 4.6) for @entity2133 . The proportion of @entity1 with wafer 4 was 8% in the healthy group, 23% in the connective tissue diseases group and 93% in the primary @entity244 group (P<0.001). Wafer 4 was a significant predictor of @entity2133 after controlling for age, gender, temperature and relative humidity. CONCLUSION: The wafer test is valid and reliable for identifying subjects with @entity2133 .

title: The wafer test: a semi-quantitative test to screen for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2133 :: ('MESH:D014987', 'Disease') :: ['xerostomia']

entities_list: @entity10632 :: ('MESH:D012859', 'Disease') :: ['sicca syndrome']

entities_list: @entity244 :: ('MESH:D014899', 'Disease') :: ["Sj  gren's syndrome"]

answer: @entity2133 :: (MESH:D014987,Disease) :: ['xerostomia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The association between @entity1593 ( @entity1593 ) and @entity5202 ( @entity5202 ) has been the focus of multiple studies with variable results. Both diseases are immune mediated, and dietary triggers play a role in their pathogenesis. OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to analyze the risk of @entity5202 in @entity1 with @entity1593 , assess the magnitude of association between @entity1593 and @entity5202 in @entity1 , and report the characteristics and outcomes of @entity1 with both conditions. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study of the Mayo Clinic Electronic medical records between January 1, 1998 and December 31, 2015. Systematic review and meta-analysis of multiple databases was conducted to include studies reporting on the same association. Random-effects model was used to report pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS: In this cohort study, of 10,201 @entity1 who underwent at least 1 endoscopy, 595 had @entity5202 , and 546 had @entity1593 . The risk of having @entity5202 was not increased in @entity1 with @entity1593 compared to those without @entity1593 (OR, 0.29; 95% CI, 0.154-0.545). Nine of 10 @entity1 improved with gluten-free diet, topical glucocorticosteroid, and/or elimination diet. One @entity1 lost to follow-up.Meta-analysis of 5 studies showed similar results (OR, 0.525; 95% CI, 0.364-0.797). A total of 45 cases in the literature had both @entity1593 and @entity5202 (mean age, 10 years; 64% @entity1 ; majority presenting with @entity490 , @entity391 , and @entity294 ). CONCLUSIONS: Based on our cohort and the observational data, the diagnosis of @entity1593 in @entity1 is not associated with increased risk of @entity5202 .

title: The Association Between XXXX and @entity5202 : Mayo Experience and Meta-analysis of the Literature.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'boys', 'child']

entities_list: @entity1593 :: ('MESH:D002446', 'Disease') :: ['celiac disease', 'CD']

entities_list: @entity5202 :: ('MESH:D057765', 'Disease') :: ['EoE', 'eosinophilic esophagitis']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

answer: @entity1593 :: (MESH:D002446,Disease) :: ['Celiac Disease']


abstract: Cell @entity204 by @entity39 is emerging not merely as a passive phenomenon but as a cell-regulated process. Here, by using different @entity39 triggers, we prove the existence of two distinct @entity39 pathways. The mitochondrial reactive @entity26 species generator @entity50785 elicits @entity39 characterized by the involvement of @entity5398 and @entity24893 . However, G5, a non-selective isopeptidase inhibitor, triggers a distinct @entity39 pathway that depends on the protein phosphatase @entity4333 and the actin cytoskeleton. @entity4333 catalytic subunit is stabilized by G5 treatment, and its activity is increased. Furthermore, @entity35681 accumulates into the cytoplasm during @entity39 similarly to @entity518 . We have also defined in the actin-binding protein @entity12386 a link between @entity4333 , actin cytoskeleton, and @entity204 . @entity12386 -severing/depolymerization activity is negatively regulated by phosphorylation of @entity563 3. @entity4333 contributes to the dephosphorylation of @entity563 3 elicited by G5. Finally, a @entity12386 mutant that mimics phosphorylated Ser-3 can partially rescue @entity39 in response to G5.

title: A @entity5398 ( @entity5398 )-independent XXXX under the control of protein phosphatase @entity4333 that involves the reorganization of actin cytoskeleton and the action of @entity12386 .

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrotic', 'necrosis']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity50785 :: ('MESH:C063002', 'Chemical') :: ['2,3-dimethoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone']

entities_list: @entity563 :: ('CHEBI:17822', 'Chemical') :: ['serine']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['necrotic death', 'death']

answer: @entity204 :: (MESH:D003643,Disease) :: ['necrotic death']


abstract: There are a number of kinase inhibitors that regulate components of the neovasculature. We previously reported the use of transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta inhibitor on neovasculature in @entity5 models to increase the intratumoral distribution of nanoparticles. Here, we compared the effects of two other kinase inhibitors, @entity2213 and @entity2857 , with @entity641 inhibitor ( @entity47716 ) on extravasation of a modeled nanoparticle, 2 MDa dextran. We first used a @entity19 model of neoangiogenesis, the Matrigel plug assay, to compare neovasculature formed inside of and around Matrigel plugs (intraplug and periplug regions, respectively). Intraplug vasculature was more strongly pericyte covered, whereas periplug vasculature was less covered. In this model, @entity641 inhibitor exhibited the most potent effect on intraplug vasculature in increasing the extravasation of dextran, whereas @entity2857 had the strongest effect on periplug vasculature. Although @entity2213 and @entity641 inhibitor each reduced pericyte coverage, @entity2213 also reduced the density of endothelium, resulting in a decrease in overall delivery of nanoparticles. These findings were confirmed in two @entity5 models, the CT26 @entity694 model and the BxPC3 @entity788 model. The vasculature phenotype in the CT26 model resembled that in the periplug region, whereas the latter resembled that in the intraplug region. Consistent with this, @entity2857 most potently enhanced the accumulation of nanoparticles in the CT26 model, whereas @entity641 inhibitor did in the BxPC3 model. In conclusion, the appropriate strategy for optimization of @entity5 vasculature for nanoparticles may differ depending on @entity5 type, and in particular on the degree of pericyte coverage around the vasculature.

title: Comparison of the effects of the kinase inhibitors @entity2213 , XXXX , and transforming growth factor-beta receptor inhibitor on extravasation of nanoparticles from neovasculature.

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'stroma-rich tumor']

entities_list: @entity2857 :: ('MESH:C471405', 'Chemical') :: ['sorafenib']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon cancer']

entities_list: @entity2213 :: ('MESH:C097613', 'Chemical') :: ['imatinib']

answer: @entity2857 :: (MESH:C471405,Chemical) :: ['sorafenib']


abstract: 1. Adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) raises blood pressure in @entity1 , @entity742 , @entity35 and @entity19 . In @entity35 and @entity1 , but not @entity742 , the @entity101 can be explained by glucocorticoid excess. 2. In both @entity35 and @entity1 , the @entity101 is associated with a rise in cardiac output and renal vascular resistance. 3. In both @entity35 and @entity1 , the @entity842 system is implicated in glucocorticoid @entity101 . 4. In both @entity35 and @entity1 , @entity101 due to naturally occurring glucocorticoids is not prevented by drugs that block classical glucocorticoid or mineralocorticoid receptors. 5. @entity209 may contribute to some forms of 'essential' @entity101 .

title: Glucocorticoid-induced XXXX : from @entity19 to @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['Abnormalities in glucocorticoid metabolism']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertension']


abstract: The urease gene cluster from @entity10332 was cloned and sequenced. A genomic library was constructed in a lambda-ZAPII vector using TSP5091-digested @entity10332 chromosomal DNA. Four overlapping recombinant bacteriophages carrying the @entity10332 urease genes were identified by using a fragment of @entity10332 ureB as a probe. Sequence analysis of two clones (pHB1 and pHB3) revealed seven open reading frames encoding proteins with predicted masses of 26.5, 60.3, 21.7, 19.5, 28.6, 21.7 and 29.6 kDa representing the structural genes, Urease A and B and its accessory genes, urease I, E, F, G and H, respectively. In addition, three open reading frames upstream of the ureA gene encoding a putative tRNA transferase, a putative @entity413 inhibited division protein B (GidB) and a protein with unknown function were also identified. A clone (pHB5) containing a complete urease gene cluster was constructed. The homologue analysis revealed that UreA polypeptide exhibited 64-90% identity to that of @entity6921 heilmanii, @entity2394 , @entity1534 , @entity6921 and @entity29958 . UreB polypeptides exhibited 76.8-96% identity to that of H. heilmanii, @entity10331 , @entity1534 , @entity6921 and @entity29958 . The UreI, E, F, G and H also showed 44-86% identity to that of @entity1534 . Among these accessory genes, UreE had a lowest percentage identity to that of @entity1534 .

title: Cloning and characterization of a XXXX urease gene cluster.

entities_list: @entity29958 :: ('32025', 'Species') :: ['Helicobacter hepaticus', 'H. hepaticus']

entities_list: @entity10332 :: ('56877', 'Species') :: ['Helicobacter bizzozeronii', 'H. bizzozeronii']

entities_list: @entity1534 :: ('210', 'Species') :: ['H. pylori', 'Helicobacter pylori']

entities_list: @entity2394 :: ('214', 'Species') :: ['Helicobacter felis']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['Glucose']

entities_list: @entity6921 :: ('217', 'Species') :: ['Helicobacter', 'H. mustelae', 'Helicobacter mustelae']

answer: @entity10332 :: (56877,Species) :: ['Helicobacter bizzozeronii']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy and @entity137 of @entity1499 ( @entity1500 ) give intravenously in the primary treatment of @entity3567 ( @entity3567 ). METHODS: A total of 37 @entity1 with low-risk @entity3567 was primarily treated by single @entity1500 in @entity1 's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University. Data on the @entity1 ' age, clinical stage, WHO classification criteria, antecedent pregnancy, presenting level of @entity1 chorionic gonadotropin, courses of chemotherapy required to achieve complete remission, and @entity137 related to chemotherapy treatments were collected. RESULTS: Thirty-seven @entity1 with low-risk @entity3567 totally received 137 cycles of @entity1500 between Oct. 1999 and Sep. 2002, 34 @entity1 (91.9%) achieved complete remission. Twenty-nine @entity1 received multiple courses of @entity1500 , complete remission was induced in 26 @entity1 (89.7%). The complete response rates of I stage and III stage were 100.0% and 70.0% (P = 0.03) respectively in @entity1 who were received multiple courses of @entity1500 . However, eight @entity1 received single course of chemotherapy, 7 @entity1 achieved complete remission, and 1 achieved complete remission after another additional course of @entity1500 was conducted. Grade III side effects (WHO criteria) only appeared in 7 courses (5.1%) during @entity1500 treatment. Follow-up data showed that only one @entity1 with single course of chemotherapy relapsed after 6 months. CONCLUSION: Single @entity1500 chemotherapy may be effective and well tolerated for low-risk @entity3567 .

title: [Single @entity1499 chemotherapy for low-risk XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'human', 'Women', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity3567 :: ('MESH:D014328', 'Disease') :: ['GTT', 'gestational trophoblastic tumor']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

answer: @entity3567 :: (MESH:D014328,Disease) :: ['gestational trophoblastic tumor']