abstract: UNASSIGNED: Adults with @entity914 have abnormal connectivity of fronto-temporal networks. However, whether these abnormalities are present in adolescents with early @entity716 has not been fully assessed. One-hundred and thirty-nine adolescents aged 12-18 underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion tensor imaging. Following motion correction, data were available for 44 @entity1 with a @entity716 risk syndrome, 34 @entity1 with a first @entity716 (FEP) and 35 healthy controls. Independent component analysis was performed to assess functional networks showing a fronto-temporal scope; this identified a language and a salience network. Mean fractional anisotropy was measured in clusters showing between-group differences in intrinsic functional connectivity (iFC). For the language network, there was a group effect within the right middle/inferior frontal gyrus, explained by reduced iFC in @entity1 with an FEP relative to healthy controls, while in @entity1 with a @entity716 risk syndrome values of iFC were intermediate. In this region, values of iFC were positively correlated with mean fractional anisotropy in @entity1 with an FEP. No group differences were observed in the salience network. Reduced iFC of the language network, in association with disrupted white matter microstructure, may characterize FEP during adolescence.

title: Intrinsic functional connectivity of fronto-temporal networks in adolescents with early XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['episode psychosis', 'psychosis']

entities_list: @entity914 :: ('MESH:D011618', 'Disease') :: ['psychotic disorders']

answer: @entity716 :: (MESH:D011605,Disease) :: ['psychosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study health-related quality of life (HRQL) in a clinically selected sample of @entity28 outpatients. DESIGN: A single-strand before and after study with 2-y follow-up after treatment comprising 10 weeks on @entity258 ( @entity258 ) and 4 months of behaviour modification in groups. SUBJECTS: A total of 126 (mean (s.d.) age 48.2 (11.1) y and body mass index 42.8 (6.2) kg/m(2) @entity28 @entity1 (63% @entity1 ) referred for treatment in an @entity28 clinic. MEASUREMENTS: Weight and HRQL using questionnaires (RAND 36-Item Health Survey 1.0 and Obesity-related Psychosocial problems scale (OP-scale)). RESULTS: A total of 100 @entity1 (61% @entity1 ) completed the treatment and 67 (71% @entity1 ) completed the 2-y follow-up. The mean (s.d.) @entity353 was 12.5 (5.6)% at the end of group therapy, 6.0 (7.1)% at 1 y, and 2.6 (7.5)% at 2 y. At baseline, the mean (s.d.) score for the OP-scale was 61.9 (24.6). The mean scores on every RAND-36 scale were markedly lower than in the Finns without chronic conditions. All the scales in HRQL improved markedly during the treatment. During the follow-up, all the scales started to return towards baseline levels, and at 2 y only @entity28 -related @entity2673 and physical functioning were still improved relative to baseline. In categories of weight change at 2 y (>or=10% @entity353 , 0-9.9% @entity353 , @entity1017 ), @entity28 -related psychosocial functioning, physical functioning, and general health showed dose-response improvement with increasing @entity353 . A >or=10% @entity353 at 2 y after treatment was associated with clear improvement in @entity28 -related @entity2673 , physical functioning, physical role functioning, bodily @entity158 , general health, mental health, and vitality. A 0-9.9% @entity353 was associated with improvement in @entity28 -related @entity2673 and physical functioning. Weight gain was associated with improvement in @entity28 -related @entity2673 and social functioning. The study population was too small to examine possible gender differences. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment with @entity258 and behaviour modification produces marked short-term @entity353 and clear improvement in all aspects of HRQL. At 2 y after treatment, the average maintained @entity353 is modest. However, 1/3 of @entity1 maintained a >or=5% @entity353 . Improvement in @entity28 -related @entity2673 and physical functioning is associated even with less than 10% of maintained @entity353 . Since the pattern of HRQL changes only partly followed the pattern of weight change as expected, other factors, such as the therapeutic effect of participating in the @entity353 programme or increase in physical activity, may affect HRQL responses.

title: Health-related quality of life in @entity28 outpatients losing weight with XXXX and behaviour modification--a 2-y follow-up study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obese', 'obesity']

entities_list: @entity2673 :: ('MESH:C535569', 'Disease') :: ['psychosocial problems']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['weight gain']

entities_list: @entity258 :: ('MESH:D009800', 'Disease') :: ['VLED', 'very-low-energy diet']

answer: @entity258 :: (MESH:D009800,Disease) :: ['very-low-energy diet']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We investigated longitudinal right ventricular (RV) function assessed using speckle-tracking strain echocardiography in @entity1 with @entity583 ( @entity583 ), and identified the contributing factors for @entity67 . METHODS: We retrospectively studied 71 @entity1 with old @entity583 (the OMI group) and 45 normal subjects (the Control group) who underwent a transthoracic echocardiography. Global and free wall RV peak systolic strains (PSSs) in the longitudinal direction were measured by using speckle-tracking strain echocardiography. Left ventricular (LV) PSSs were measured in the longitudinal, radial and circumferential directions. Cardiac hemodynamics including peak systolic pulmonary artery pressure was also assessed non-invasively. Plasma @entity3876 ( @entity3876 ) levels were measured in all @entity1 . RESULTS: In the OMI group, 73% of the @entity1 had a normal estimated peak systolic pulmonary artery pressure of less than 35   mmHg. Global and free wall RV @entity28559 were impaired in the OMI group compared with the Control group, and these RV systolic indices were significantly associated with heart rate, logarithmic transformed plasma @entity3876 , greater than 1 year after onset of @entity583 , Doppler-derived estimated pulmonary vascular resistance, LV systolic indices, LV mass index, @entity1188 within a territory of the left circumflex artery and residual total occlusion in the culprit right coronary artery. Multivariable linear regression analysis indicated that reduced longitudinal LV @entity28559 in the 4-chamber view and @entity3876 levels >= 500 pg/ml were independently associated with reduced global and free wall RV @entity28559 . Moreover, when @entity1 were divided into 3 groups according to plasma @entity3876 levels ( @entity3876 <100 pg/ml; n = 31, 100  <= @entity3876 <500 pg/ml; n = 24, and @entity3876 >= 500 pg/ml; n = 16), only @entity1 with @entity3876 >= 500 pg/ml had a strong correlation between RV @entity28559 and longitudinal LV @entity28559 in the 4-chamber view (r = 0.78 for global RV @entity28559 and r = 0.71 for free wall RV @entity28559 , p <0.05). CONCLUSION: Longitudinal RV systolic strain depends significantly on longitudinal LV systolic strain especially in @entity1 with high plasma @entity3876 levels, but not on estimated peak systolic pulmonary artery pressure. These results indicate that process of RV @entity296 following @entity583 may be governed by neurohormonal activation which causing ventricular remodeling rather than increased RV afterload.

title: Quantifying longitudinal right @entity67 in @entity1 with old XXXX by using speckle-tracking strain echocardiography.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity3876 :: ('4879', 'Gene') :: ['BNP', 'brain natriuretic peptide']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarcted segments']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'MI']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['RV dysfunction']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarction']


abstract: Scale-up techniques from the literature have been compiled and reviewed for applicability to @entity526 and @entity375 processes. The consistency of design and operating parameters for the pilot scale vessels in an existing fermentation pilot plant, ranging in nominal volume from 100 l to 19,000 l, was established and compared favorably with approaches found in the literature. Differences were noted as a function of parameters such as fermentor scale, vessel geometry, @entity2146 type/size and ungassed/gassed power input. Further analysis was conducted using actual fermentation data for historical and recent development processes collected over a 10-year-period, focussing on operating conditions at peak culture @entity26 uptake rates. Scale-up estimates were performed based on geometric similarity, @entity2146 tip speed, gassed power per unit volume and mixing time. Generally, scale-up calculations from the 280 l scale were most similar to the parameters of installed equipment. Scale-up from the 30 l laboratory scale typically underpredicted parameters with scale-up from the 280 l scale being most appropriate. The 19,000 l fermentor installation was notably different in geometric similarity from the 280 l-1900 l scales since its design was meant to accommodate a wide range of operating volumes. Analysis of historical and recent processing performance was conducted for single cell bacterial or @entity375 fermentations which challenged peak operating conditions of the fermentors. Identification of key issues associated with scale-up for these specific pilot plant vessels was believed to be critical to efficient process development, clinical material production, and expected process transfer to a manufacturing facility.

title: Scale-up methodologies for @entity526 and XXXX fermentation processes.

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

answer: @entity375 :: (4932,Species) :: ['yeast']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Several trials have compared vertebral augmentation with nonsurgical treatment for @entity3814 . This trial compares the efficacy and safety of balloon kyphoplasty and vertebroplasty. MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity1 with @entity170 with 1-3 acute @entity174 (T5-L5) were randomized and treated with kyphoplasty (n = 191) or vertebroplasty (n = 190) and were not blinded to the treatment assignment. Twelve- and 24-month subsequent radiographic @entity174 incidence was the primary end point. Due to low enrollment and early withdrawals, the study was terminated with 404/1234 (32.7%) @entity1 enrolled. RESULTS: The average age of @entity1 was 75.6 years (77.4% female). Mean procedure duration was longer for kyphoplasty (40.0 versus 31.8 minutes, P < .001). At 12 months, 7.8% fewer @entity1 with kyphoplasty (50/140 versus 57/131) had subsequent radiographic @entity174 , and there were 8.6% fewer at 24 months (54/110 versus 64/111). The results were not statistically significant (P > .21). When we used time to event for new clinical @entity174 , kyphoplasty approached statistical significance in longer @entity174 -free survival (Wilcoxon, P = .0596). Similar @entity158 and function improvements were observed. CT demonstrated lower cement extravasation for kyphoplasty (157/214 versus 164/201 levels treated, P = .047). For kyphoplasty versus vertebroplasty, common adverse events within 30 postoperative days were procedural @entity158 (12/191, 9/190), back @entity158 (14/191, 28/190), and new @entity174 (9/191, 17/190); similar 2-year occurrence of device-related @entity887 (1/191, 1/190), procedural @entity158 (3/191, 3/190), back @entity158 (2/191, 3/190), and new @entity174 (2/191, 2/190) was observed. CONCLUSIONS: Kyphoplasty and vertebroplasty had similar long-term improvement in @entity158 and disability with similar safety profiles and few device-related complications. Procedure duration was shorter with vertebroplasty. Kyphoplasty had fewer cement leakages and a trend toward longer @entity174 -free survival.

title: A Randomized Trial Comparing Balloon Kyphoplasty and Vertebroplasty for @entity3814 due to XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'vertebral fractures', 'vertebral fracture', 'fracture']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity3814 :: ('MESH:D050815', 'Disease') :: ['vertebral compression fractures']

entities_list: @entity887 :: ('MESH:D004617', 'Disease') :: ['cement embolism']

answer: @entity170 :: (MESH:D010024,Disease) :: ['Osteoporosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) is utilized as a method of oncologic imaging for predicting treatment outcomes. This study explored the role of DW-MRI in the treatment of @entity1 with resected @entity788 by comparing apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values with clinicopathological findings and survival rates. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Records of 54 @entity1 in whom DW-MRI at 1.5T was performed (b values: 0 and 1000 mm(2) /s) before macroscopically curative resection were analyzed. ADC values were then calculated and compared with clinicopathological factors including age, gender, serum carcinoembryonic antigen levels, serum @entity1735 antigen 19-9 levels, lymph node @entity3 , primary tumoral location, size, differentiation, resectability, and pT stage. A survival analysis of clinicopathological factors and ADC values was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method, and the results were evaluated with the log-rank test. Prognostic significance was assessed using the Cox proportional hazard model. RESULTS: Significant associations were found between @entity5 differentiation and ADC values (P   =   0.001). In a univariate analysis of overall survival, @entity5 differentiation (P   =   0.037) and ADC values (P   =   0.002) were identified as significant prognostic factors. However, age, gender, carcinoembryonic antigen levels, @entity1735 antigen 19-9 levels, lymph node @entity3 , primary tumoral location, size, resectability, and pT stage were not associated with overall survival. In a multivariate analysis of overall survival, only ADC values were identified as significant prognostic factors (hazard ratio 2.293, 95% confidence interval 1.147-4.585, P   =   0.019). CONCLUSION: ADC values were found to be associated with prognosis in @entity1 with resected @entity788 .

title: Prognostic relevance of apparent diffusion coefficient obtained by diffusion-weighted MRI in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatic cancer']


abstract: The association process of @entity19365 binding in purified @entity35 liver plasma membranes and prolonged incubation of the hormone-receptor complex at 30 degrees C did not result in degradation of bound labelled glucagon. In contrast, up to 95% of the non-membrane-bound labelled glucagon was degraded. The rate of spontaneous dissociation of the glucagon-receptor complex was slow, and amounted to about 0.1% per min of that bound. @entity3007 greatly enhanced the rate of dissociation. Half the maximal dissociation of the complex was effected by 10(-5) mol/l of @entity3007 under equilibrium binding conditions. At maximally effective concentrations of @entity3007 , 80% of the glucagon-receptor complex was dissociated within 2 min. A microperifusion system for the perifusion of isolated plasma membranes was devised and used for the separation of labelled glucagon from the plasma membranes subsequent to a @entity3007 -induced dissociation of the hormone-receptor complex. Rebinding of the dissociated peptide to fresh membranes showed that maximum binding ability was retained. The glucagon molecule was protected against degradation while bound to the receptor, indicating that the glucagon effector system is completely separate from the inactivating system(s) in isolated plasma membranes. Thus, the hormonal effect of glucagon could be exerted through the sequential interaction of each glucagon molecule with several receptors.

title: XXXX binding, dissociation and degradation in @entity35 liver plasma membranes studied by a microperifusion method.

answer: @entity19365 :: (24953(Tax:10116),Gene) :: ['Glucagon receptor']


abstract: Impaired gastric slow waves, frequent gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms and altered GI peptides have been reported in @entity2631 (SSc) @entity1 . The aim of this study was to investigate the associations among these three important components in @entity344 . Seventeen fasted SSc @entity1 underwent four channel surface electrogastrography, measuring % of normal gastric slow waves or @entity943 . @entity1 completed a questionnaire designed by us to assess demographics, upper and @entity344 (symptom presence, frequency and impact on quality of life, QOL), by YES/NO, Likert Scales and Visual Analogue Scales 1-100 mm (called @entity344 Questionnaire, GIDQ) and health-related QOL by SF-36. Fasting plasma vasoactive intestinal peptide ( @entity3549 ) and @entity3771 levels were measured by peptide immunoassays. There were significant correlations between percentages of @entity943 (bradygastria or @entity943 ) and a number of major @entity344 such as @entity390 , abdominal bloating and @entity158 . The plasma level of @entity3549 was correlated positively with % @entity943 but negatively with % normal slow waves. @entity3771 was positively correlated with slow wave coupling (coordination). No major differences were noted in the measured peptides or gastric slow waves between limited SSc and diffuse SSc. Correlations were noted between SF-36 domain scores and our GIDQ scores. In SSc @entity1 , @entity943 are correlated with certain @entity344 . Correlations are also noted between plasma @entity3549 / @entity3771 levels and gastric slow waves. Thus in SSc, @entity943 may be predictive of development of @entity1109 . Plasma @entity3549 may be involved in the development of @entity943 .

title: Gastric slow waves, gastrointestinal symptoms and peptides in systemic sclerosis XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['certain dyspeptic symptoms']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['GI symptoms', 'GI Dysmotility', 'lower GI symptoms', 'GI dysmotility']

entities_list: @entity2631 :: ('MESH:D012594', 'Disease') :: ['Scleroderma']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['dysrhythmia', 'arrhythmia', 'gastric dysrhythmias', 'dysrhythmias']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: PURPOSE: To report a late-onset @entity6391 that revealed @entity425 , @entity2055 , and @entity46530 as a consequence of the @entity37274 mitochondrial mutation. METHODS: Observational case series. A 42-year-old female disclosed a late-onset @entity1105 . The family history revealed that her three sons, one of them deceased at the age of 4, had @entity16 of variable severity. The @entity1105 of the mother was classified as a @entity6391 . @entity1105 was subsequently diagnosed in the two surviving sons. Screening for mutation in the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) was performed because of the combination of neurologic involvement and @entity1105 in this family. RESULTS: Molecular analysis of the mtDNA revealed the @entity26560 gene @entity37274 mutation in the mother and the two sons. CONCLUSION: This family illustrates the remarkably variable expression of retinal and systemic manifestations related to the @entity37274 mutation ranging from an isolated late-onset @entity6391 to a severe neurodegenerative process with a dramatic outcome. Genetic counseling for @entity1105 requires careful evaluation of the familial medical history.

title: Isolated late-onset @entity6391 revealing @entity425 , @entity2055 , and @entity46530 with the XXXX mitochondrial mutation.

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['mental and neurologic impairment']

entities_list: @entity1105 :: ('MESH:D058499', 'Disease') :: ['retinal dystrophies', 'retinal dystrophy', 'Retinal dystrophy']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['a familial neurogenic muscle weakness']

entities_list: @entity6391 :: ('MESH:D012174', 'Disease') :: ['cone-rod dystrophy']

entities_list: @entity46530 :: ('MESH:C537612', 'Disease') :: ['retinitis pigmentosa syndrome']

answer: @entity37274 :: (c|SUB|T|8993|G,DNAMutation) :: ['T8993G']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2753 due to @entity6085 ( @entity6085 ) is a common osmoregulatory complication following surgery for @entity699 . Conventional management includes water restriction and @entity1372 repletion, however this regimen does not address the underlying pathophysiology of excessive vasopressin production. Vaptans are @entity5463 receptor antagonists shown to be effective in correcting water excess in other disease states of euvolemic and hypervolemic @entity2753 . The use of these agents has not been reported in @entity699 @entity1 . METHODS: We retrospectively studied @entity699 @entity1 at our institution with post-surgical @entity2753 (Na<130mEq/L) treated with and without conivaptan between 2005 and 2011. We report rates of serum @entity1372 normalization and compare length-of-stay (LOS) between the groups. RESULTS: @entity2753 developed in six of 98 @entity1 (6.1%) undergoing resection of ACTH-positive @entity977 . Three @entity1 received conivaptan and fluid restriction  @entity1372 supplementation, and three received conventional therapy alone. The rate of serum @entity1372 normalization with conivaptan was 5.8  2.3mEq/L/20mg IV bolus given every 24h. All @entity1 receiving conivaptan were discharged with normal serum @entity1372 values and no instances of rapid overcorrection occurred. A trend toward longer LOS occurred in @entity1 treated with conivaptan (4.6  0.3 days, mean  SE) versus conventional therapy alone (1.6  0.3 days). CONCLUSIONS: Conivaptan is a potentially useful treatment option for @entity2753 in the setting of @entity699 @entity1 after pituitary surgery.

title: Use of conivaptan for management of @entity2753 following surgery for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5463 :: ('MESH:D001127', 'Chemical') :: ['arginine vasopressin']

entities_list: @entity699 :: ('MESH:D003480', 'Disease') :: ["Cushing's disease", "Cushing's"]

entities_list: @entity977 :: ('MESH:D010911', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary adenomas']

entities_list: @entity6085 :: ('MESH:D007177', 'Disease') :: ['SIADH', 'syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion']

entities_list: @entity2753 :: ('MESH:D007010', 'Disease') :: ['hyponatremia', 'Hyponatremia']

answer: @entity699 :: (MESH:D003480,Disease) :: ['Cushing's disease']


abstract: AIMS: To assess the impact of blood culture results and early clinical liaison on the treatment of @entity1 with @entity582 . METHODS: 123 @entity1 with significant positive blood cultures were followed over a nine month period in a 620 bed teaching hospital. The impact of early blood culture reporting and clinical liaison on the cost and appropriateness of treatment was assessed. RESULTS: Empiric treatment was started before the Gram stain result in 107 (87%) @entity1 . Treatment was altered on the basis of the Gram stain result in 39 (36%) of these @entity1 , and on culture and sensitivity results in 53 (50%). The spectrum of antibiotic treatment was narrowed in 58 (54%) of these; 20 (19%) on Gram stain result alone. This resulted in a 42% reduction in daily antibiotic costs in @entity1 who had received empiric treatment. Empiric treatment did not follow the hospital antibiotic policy in 49 (46%) of the @entity1 treated. In @entity1 where empiric treatment was not in accordance with hospital policy, 21 (44%) had an isolate resistant to the empiric treatment used; while in @entity1 who received agents in accordance with hospital policy only one (1.7%) had a resistant isolate (p < 0.05). @entity1 who died (11 (9%)) were less likely to have received empiric treatment in accordance with the antibiotic policy, although this did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.1). CONCLUSION: Early reporting of Gram stain results from blood cultures, combined with early clinical liaison, results in more rational and cost effective treatment.

title: The impact of blood culture reporting and clinical liaison on the empiric treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity582 :: ('MESH:C531821', 'Disease') :: ['bacteraemia']

answer: @entity582 :: (MESH:C531821,Disease) :: ['bacteraemia']


abstract: In a prospective study of the @entity221 of 86 @entity161 @entity1 ( @entity1479 9), outcome data were obtained for 86 percent 1 year after clinic discharge. The Strauss-Carpenter Outcome Scale (frequency of social contacts, employment duration, symptomatology, and duration of rehospitalization) and the Clinical Global Impressions were used to assess outcome. The prognostic scales developed by Vaillant, Stephens, Phillips (in the abbreviated version by Harris), and Strauss-Carpenter were used as potential outcome predictors at the time of index admission. The findings were as follows: The outcome criteria used correlated at best moderately with one another. Between 60 and 90 percent of the sample were judged to have an unfavorable prognosis on the Vaillant and Stephens scales. In contrast, the outcome was relatively favorable for 50 to 60 percent of the @entity1 . In prognostic validity, the Strauss-Carpenter scale was superior to all of the other scales investigated. However, a prognostic relationship was only established for social outcome. Social outcome dimensions showed the highest prognostic validity (e.g., employment and social contacts). The amount of variance explained by the best predictors was between 12 percent (symptomatology) and 55 percent (employment duration).

title: Prospective study of XXXX in @entity161 : Part II. Prediction of outcome.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenic']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['course of illness']

answer: @entity221 :: (MESH:D005334,Disease) :: ['course of illness']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity1311 is one of the most active agents for @entity213 ( @entity213 ) and an in vitro radiosensitizer. The dose-response relationship for @entity1311 may depend more on exposure duration than on peak concentration. This National Cancer Institute-sponsored phase I trial was designed to determine the feasibility of combining continuous-infusion (CI) @entity1311 with concurrent @entity1161 ( @entity1161 ). @entity1 AND METHODS: @entity1 with previously untreated stage IVA/B @entity213 were eligible. Primary end points were determination of the maximum-tolerated dose, dose-limiting @entity137 , and pharmacokinetics for @entity1311 given by CI (24 hours a day, 7 days a week for 7 weeks) during @entity1161 (70 Gy/7 weeks). RESULTS: Twenty-seven @entity1 were enrolled and assessable for @entity137 . Nineteen of the @entity1 who completed > or = 70 Gy were assessable for response. Grade 3 skin and mucosal acute reactions occurred at 10.5 mg/m(2)/d, but uninterrupted treatment was possible in five of six @entity1 . At 17 mg/m(2)/d, @entity137 required a 2-week treatment break for all three @entity1 . The mean @entity1311 serum concentration at dose levels > or = 6.5 mg/m(2)/d exceeded that reported to achieve in vitro radiosensitization. Initial locoregional control was achieved in 14 (58%) of 24 of @entity1 treated to 70 Gy, and control persisted in nine (38%). CONCLUSION: CI @entity1311 with concurrent @entity1161 is a feasible and tolerable regimen for @entity1 with advanced @entity213 and good performance status. Preliminary response and survival data are encouraging and suggest that further study is indicated. The recommended phase II dose of @entity1311 by CI is 10.5 mg/m(2)/d with @entity1161 for @entity213 .

title: Phase I study of @entity1311 given by seven-week continuous infusion concurrent with @entity1161 for locally advanced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'skin toxicity']

entities_list: @entity1161 :: ('MESH:D011832', 'Disease') :: ['radiation therapy', 'RT']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel', 'Paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity213 :: ('MESH:C535575', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck', 'SCCHN']

answer: @entity213 :: (MESH:C535575,Disease) :: ['squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1 with the @entity2315 @entity1120 ( @entity1120 ) are at risk of @entity170 and/or avascular @entity39 , but to date, no adequate biomarkers are available to ascertain individual predilections. Bone mineral density by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) has traditionally been used to monitor trends. With the availability of a speed-of-sound (SOS) ultrasonography to assess bone strength/elasticity, we aimed to ascertain whether these modalities are complimentary or comparable so SOS, with no radiation risk, might be used more routinely as a potential biomarker. A prospective comparative study in adult @entity1120 @entity1 undergoing routine follow-up of bone mineral density T- and Z-scores at @entity30352 ( @entity30352 ), femoral neck, and lumbar spine, and SOS Z-scores at @entity30352 was initiated. Interpretation was by qualitative categorization of Z-scores. The kappa measure of agreement beyond chance was calculated between pairs of measurements and the McNemar test was then applied. This noninterventional trial (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02067247) was approved by the institutional ethics committee. There were 89 @entity1 (ages 21-78 years, 61% female, 62% common Ashkenazi genotype, 18% splenectomized, and 18% with avascular @entity39 / @entity174 ). When comparing Z-scores at @entity30352 by DXA and SOS, only 39.3% correlated, while the remaining results were in disagreement; no trend was noted. Similarly, when comparing Z-scores at the femoral neck by DXA with those at @entity30352 by SOS, 44.9% of the results were in agreement; no trend was noted; and Z-scores at the lumbar spine by DXA with @entity30352 by SOS, 46% were in agreement and no trend was noted. DXA at the 3 sites did not track in the same direction or the same magnitude of difference with SOS at @entity30352 in adult @entity1 with @entity1120 . Due to the fundamental differences between the 2 measurements and their clinical correlates, plus the lack of long-term follow-up to assess outcome, the potential added value of the measurements at the @entity30352 by SOS in @entity1 with @entity1120 awaits further studies.

title: Comparison of Bone Mineral Density by Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry and Bone Strength by Speed-of-Sound Ultrasonography in Adults With XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2315 :: ('MESH:D016464', 'Disease') :: ['lysosomal disorder']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity1120 :: ('MESH:D005776', 'Disease') :: ['GD', 'Gaucher disease']

answer: @entity1120 :: (MESH:D005776,Disease) :: ['Gaucher Disease']


abstract: Recent studies have addressed the changes in endocannabinoid ligands and receptors that occur in @entity15 , as a way to explain the efficacy of cannabinoid compounds to alleviate @entity508 , @entity158 , @entity400 , and other signs of this @entity792 . Using Lewis @entity35 with @entity6503 ( @entity6503 ), an animal model of @entity15 , we recently found a decrease in cannabinoid @entity13677 receptors mainly circumscribed to the basal ganglia, which could be related to the motor disturbances characteristic of these @entity35 . In the present study, using the same model, we explored the potential changes in several neurotransmitters in the basal ganglia that might be associated with the motor disturbances described in these @entity35 , but we only found a small increase in @entity2227 contents in the globus pallidus. We also examined whether the motor disturbances and the changes of @entity13677 receptors found in the basal ganglia of @entity6503 @entity35 disappear after the treatment with @entity7428 , an inhibitor of type IV phosphodiesterase able to supress @entity6503 in different species. @entity7428 attenuated clinical decline, reduced motor inhibition, and normalized @entity13677 receptor gene expression in the basal ganglia. As a third objective, we examined whether @entity6503 @entity35 also exhibited changes in endocannabinoid levels as shown for @entity13677 receptors. @entity9393 and @entity9394 levels decreased in motor related regions (striatum, midbrain) but also in other brain regions, although the pattern of changes for each endocannabinoid was different. Finally, we hypothesized that the elevation of the endocannabinoid activity, following inhibition of endocannabinoid uptake, might be beneficial in @entity6503 @entity35 . @entity37293 , @entity60766 , and OMDM2 were effective to reduce the magnitude of the @entity16 in @entity6503 @entity35 , whereas @entity36056 did not produce any effect. The beneficial effects of @entity37293 were reversed by blocking @entity5510 receptors with @entity4413 , but not by blocking @entity13677 receptors with @entity351 , thus indicating the involvement of endovanilloid mechanisms in these effects. However, a role for @entity13677 receptors is supported by additional data showing that @entity18864 delayed @entity6503 progression. In summary, our data suggest that reduction of endocannabinoid signaling is associated with the development of @entity6503 in @entity35 . We have also proved that the reduction of @entity13677 receptors observed in these @entity35 is corrected following treatment with a compound used in @entity6503 such as @entity7428 . In addition, the direct or indirect activation of vanilloid or cannabinoid receptors may reduce the @entity16 experienced by @entity6503 @entity35 , although the efficacy of the different compounds examined seems to be determined by their particular pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic characteristics.

title: Decreased endocannabinoid levels in the brain and beneficial effects of agents activating cannabinoid and/or vanilloid receptors in a @entity35 model of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity6503 :: ('MESH:D004681', 'Disease') :: ['EAE', 'experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis']

entities_list: @entity2227 :: ('CHEBI:29987', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamate']

entities_list: @entity7428 :: ('MESH:D020889', 'Chemical') :: ['rolipram', 'Rolipram']

entities_list: @entity9394 :: ('MESH:C094503', 'Chemical') :: ['2-arachidonoylglycerol']

entities_list: @entity508 :: ('MESH:D009128', 'Disease') :: ['spasticity']

entities_list: @entity9393 :: ('MESH:C078814', 'Chemical') :: ['Anandamide']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological impairment']

entities_list: @entity4413 :: ('MESH:C071423', 'Chemical') :: ['capsazepine']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['multiple sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune disease']

answer: @entity15 :: (MESH:D009103,Disease) :: ['multiple sclerosis']


abstract: We report on 52 dermatologic @entity1 suffering from @entity5882 . The skin changes observed mainly consisted of erythrosis interfollicularis colli, icterus of the sclerae, teleangiectatic reddening of the face, and diminished secondary hair. In 29 out of 44 sera investigated, we found elevation of the @entity5428 transferase. In 17 patients, serum samples were analyzed for @entity219 . In 16 cases, the @entity219 levels were slightly decreased but still within the normal range, i.e. below 100 micrograms/dl. The @entity1885 levels in the 48 serum samples examined varied very much. In 6 @entity1 , however, we found definitely lowered values. Our results support the view that routine investigation of serum @entity219 and @entity1885 levels might be valuable in @entity1 suffering from @entity5882 associated with cutaneous changes. If lowered values are found, a substitution therapy might be of benefit at least in some @entity1 .

title: [Skin changes in XXXX with special reference to the @entity219 and @entity1885 content of the serum].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5428 :: ('CHEBI:24190', 'Chemical') :: ['gamma-glutamyl']

entities_list: @entity5882 :: ('MESH:D006519', 'Disease') :: ['chronic alcoholism']

answer: @entity5882 :: (MESH:D006519,Disease) :: ['chronic alcoholism']


abstract: Because the differential diagnosis for @entity631 ( @entity631 ) is broad, using a classification schema is helpful to narrow the causes of @entity631 in a systematic manner. The etiology of @entity631 can be classified by their clinical presentation ( @entity1985 , nephritic, rapidly progressive @entity631 ) or by histopathology. @entity631 may be restricted to the kidney (primary @entity631 ) or be a secondary to a @entity262 (secondary @entity631 ). The @entity1985 is defined by the presence of heavy @entity644 (protein excretion greater than 3.0 g/24 hours), @entity4988 (less than 3.0 g/dL), and peripheral @entity4 . @entity407 and @entity715 may be present. The @entity751 is associated with @entity811 and @entity644 and @entity8 and carries poorer prognosis and is typically associated with @entity101 . The predominant cause of the @entity1985 in @entity1 is minimal change disease. The most common causes of @entity751 are post infectious @entity631 , @entity8 and @entity1988 . @entity631 is slowly progressive and is associated with @entity101 and gradual @entity8 . Treatment includes non-specific measure aimed at controlling @entity101 , @entity4 , @entity644 and disease modifying immunosuppression.

title: Clinical presentation _ management of XXXX : @entity811 , nephritic _ @entity1985 .

entities_list: @entity407 :: ('MESH:D006949', 'Disease') :: ['Hyperlipidemia']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['abnormal kidney function', 'IgA nephropathy', 'loss of kidney function']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity4988 :: ('MESH:D034141', 'Disease') :: ['hypoalbuminemia']

entities_list: @entity262 :: ('MESH:D034721', 'Disease') :: ['systemic disease']

entities_list: @entity1988 :: ('MESH:D008181', 'Disease') :: ['lupus nephritis']

entities_list: @entity751 :: ('MESH:D013577', 'Disease') :: ['nephritic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1985 :: ('MESH:D009404', 'Disease') :: ['nephrotic', 'nephrotic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombotic disease']

entities_list: @entity811 :: ('MESH:D006417', 'Disease') :: ['hematuria']

entities_list: @entity631 :: ('MESH:D005921', 'Disease') :: ['GN', 'Chronic GN', 'glomerulonephritis', 'GN, chronic GN']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['glomerular diseases']


abstract: @entity6943 , a facultatively intracellular pathogen, is a flagellated and motile gram-negative bacterium and is the causative agent of @entity6942 in @entity1 . Flagella are commonly recognized as important virulence determinants expressed by bacterial pathogens since the motility phenotype imparted by these organelles often correlates with the ability of an organism to cause disease. We used a virulent isolate of @entity6943 , KHW, to construct an isogenic deletion mutant with a mutation in the flagellin gene (fliC) by gene replacement transposon mutagenesis. The KHWDeltafliCKm mutant was aflagellate and nonmotile in semisolid agar. The isogenic KHWDeltafliCKm mutant was not impaired in terms of the ability to invade and replicate in cultured @entity1 lung cells compared with the wild type. It was also equally virulent in slow-killing assays involving @entity2199 , but it was avirulent during intranasal @entity281 of BALB/c @entity19 . Very few bacteria, if any, were isolated from the lungs and spleens of KHWDeltafliCKm-infected @entity19 . In contrast, the bacterial loads in the lungs and spleens were similar in @entity19 infected with KHW and in @entity19 infected with the complemented mutant, KHWDeltafliCKm/pUCP28TfliC. Unlike the @entity329 or @entity6 @entity35 models of @entity281 , the @entity6943 flagellin was also a virulence factor during intraperitoneal @entity281 of BALB/c @entity19 . In this study, all animals infected with KHWDeltafliCKm remained healthy and did not succumb to disease regardless of the route of @entity281 . The flagellum is therefore an important and necessary virulence determinant of @entity6943 during intranasal and intraperitoneal @entity281 of @entity19 .

title: Flagella are virulence determinants of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human']

entities_list: @entity2199 :: ('6239', 'Species') :: ['Caenorhabditis elegans']

entities_list: @entity6943 :: ('28450', 'Species') :: ['Burkholderia pseudomallei', 'B. pseudomallei']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity6942 :: ('MESH:D008554', 'Disease') :: ['melioidosis']

entities_list: @entity329 :: ('10036', 'Species') :: ['Syrian hamster']

answer: @entity6943 :: (28450,Species) :: ['Burkholderia pseudomallei']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: It has been shown that @entity32040 ( @entity32040 ) inhibitors preserve smooth muscle (SM) content and ameliorate the @entity528 normally seen in the corpora cavernosa after bilateral cavernosal nerve resection (BCNR). However, the downstream mechanisms by which these drugs protect the corpora cavernosa remain poorly understood. AIM: To provide insight into the mechanism, we aimed to determine the gene expression profile of angiogenesis-related pathways within the penile tissue after BCNR with or without continuous @entity7855 (SIL) treatment. METHODS: Five-month-old Fisher @entity35 were subjected to BCNR or sham operation and treated with or without SIL (20 mg/kg/BW drinking water) for 3 days or 45 days (N = 8 @entity35 per group). Total RNAs isolated from the denuded penile shaft and prostate were subjected to reverse transcription and to angiogenesis real-time-polymerase chain reaction arrays (84 genes). Changes in protein expression of selected genes such as epiregulin ( @entity59636 ) and @entity2528 ( @entity2528 ) were corroborated by Western blot and immunohistochemistry. MAIN OUTCOMES MEASURES: Genes modulated by BCNR and SIL treatment. RESULTS: A decreased expression of genes related to SM growth factors such as @entity59636 , platelet-derived @entity2140 (PDGF), extracellular matrix regulators such as metalloproteinases 3 and 9, endothelial growth factors, together with an upregulation of pro-fibrotic genes such as @entity2528 and @entity4579 were found at both time points after BCNR. SIL treatment reversed this process by upregulating endothelial and SM growth factors and downregulating pro-fibrotic factors. SIL did not affect the expression of @entity59636 , @entity6667 , and PDGF in the ventral prostate of BCNR animals. CONCLUSIONS: SIL treatment after BCNR activates genes related to SM preservation and downregulates genes related to @entity82 in the corpora cavernosa. These results provide a mechanistic justification for the use of SIL and other @entity32040 inhibitors as protective therapy against corporal SM loss and @entity82 after radical prostatectomy.

title: @entity7855 promotes smooth muscle preservation and ameliorates XXXX through modulation of extracellular matrix and tissue @entity2140 gene expression after bilateral cavernosal nerve resection in the @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity4579 :: ('81809(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['transforming growth factor beta 2']

entities_list: @entity7855 :: ('MESH:C101426', 'Chemical') :: ['sildenafil']

entities_list: @entity2528 :: ('64032(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['CTGF', 'connective tissue growth factor']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['fibrotic degeneration']

answer: @entity82 :: (MESH:D005355,Disease) :: ['fibrosis']


abstract: FSH is important for ovarian antral follicle growth and steroidogenesis, processes in the @entity1 that are believed to be mediated by @entity5100 . The objective of this study was to determine if @entity1 ovarian pre-antral follicles are also FSH- and @entity5100 -responsive, since the clinical questions and mechanisms underlying the effects on the pre-antral follicle pool of exogenously administered gonadotropins for fertility therapy and elevated endogenous gonadotropins in the perimenopause remain unanswered. Class 2 preantral follicles were isolated from @entity1 premenopausal ovaries (n=6) and cultured in vitro with @entity2671 and either no additives or with FSH or @entity5100 . FSH (100 ng/mL) stimulated @entity53 (E2) production by 3.58 +/- 0.4 fold over 48 hr, compared to controls without FSH. This effect was completely inhibited in the presence of the @entity5100 antagonist, @entity12561 ( @entity12561 ). @entity5100 also stimulated E2 production by preantral follicles with doses as low as 1 ng/mL and within 24 hr of treatment. Maximal response of 3- to 9-fold above control was achieved with 100 ng/mL of @entity5100 between 96-120 hr of culture. @entity12561 completely inhibited E2 production to basal levels. FSH stimulated @entity5100 mRNA in pre-antral follicles about 4-fold, determined by RT-PCR. FSH also stimulated follicle growth, determined by light microscopy, 50-68% over 48 hr, compared to controls (P<0.001), a process that was inhibited in the presence of @entity12561 . Cumulatively, these data support @entity5100 as a mediator of FSH action on @entity1 preantral follicles.

title: Insulin-like growth factor-II mediates the steroidogenic and growth promoting actions of follicle stimulating hormone on XXXX ovarian pre-antral follicles cultured in vitro.

entities_list: @entity12561 :: ('3487', 'Gene') :: ['IGF binding protein-4', 'IGFBP-4']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['estradiol']

entities_list: @entity2671 :: ('MESH:D000735', 'Chemical') :: ['androstenedione']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Effect of @entity1068 on the size and structure of a protein @entity4674 ( @entity4674 ) is investigated using fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) and @entity74 ( @entity74 ) simulations. For FCS studies, @entity4674 is covalently labeled with a fluorescent probe, alexa 488. FCS studies indicate that on addition of @entity1068 , the size of the protein varies non-monotonically. The size of @entity4674 increases (i.e., the protein unfolds) on addition of @entity285 ( @entity1068 ) up to a mole fraction of 0.2 (44.75% v/v) and decreases at higher @entity285 concentration. In order to provide a molecular origin of this structural transition, we explore the conformational free energy landscape of @entity4674 as a function of radius of gyration (Rg) at different compositions of water- @entity1068 binary mixture using @entity74 simulations. @entity4674 exhibits a minimum at Rg     13    in bulk water (0% @entity285 ). Upon increasing @entity1068 concentration, a second minimum appears in the free energy surface with gradually larger Rg up to   @entity167     0.2 (44.75% v/v). This suggests gradual unfolding of the protein. At a higher concentration of @entity285 (  @entity167 > 0.2), the minimum at large Rg vanishes, indicating compaction. Analysis of the contact map and the solvent organization around protein indicates a preferential solvation of the hydrophobic residues by @entity1068 up to   @entity167 = 0.2 (44.75% v/v) and this causes the gradual unfolding of the protein. At high concentration (  @entity167 = 0.3 (58% v/v)), due to structural organization in bulk water- @entity1068 binary mixture, the extent of preferential solvation by @entity1068 decreases. This causes a structural transition of @entity4674 towards a more compact state.

title: Effect of XXXX on the structure of @entity4674 : FCS and @entity74 simulations.

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['molecular dynamics', 'MD']

answer: @entity285 :: (D000431,Chemical) :: ['alcohol']


abstract: Rabbit @entity59997 /arylesterase has been purified to homogeneity by @entity42108 chromatography, gel filtration, @entity8851 -Trisacryl M chromatography, and preparative @entity214 gel electrophoresis. Renaturation (Copeland et al., 1982) and activity staining of the enzyme resolved by @entity214 gel electrophoresis allowed for identification and purification of paraoxonase. Two bands of active enzyme were purified by this procedure (35,000 and 38,000). Enzyme electroeluted from the preparative gels was reanalyzed by analytical @entity214 gel electrophoresis, and two higher molecular weight bands (43,000 and 48,000) were observed in addition to the original bands. This suggested that repeat electrophoresis resulted in an unfolding or other modification and slower migration of some of the purified protein. The lower mobility bands stained weakly for paraoxonase activity in preparative gels. Bands of each molecular weight species were electroblotted onto PVDF membranes and sequenced. The gas-phase sequence analysis showed that both the active bands and apparent molecular weight bands had identical @entity1472 -terminal sequences. @entity535 analysis of the four electrophoretic components from @entity22059 membranes also indicated compositional similarity. The @entity1472 -terminal sequences are typical of the leader sequences of secreted proteins. Human @entity59997 was purified by a similar procedure, and ten residues of the @entity1472 terminus were sequenced by gas-phase procedures. One @entity535 difference between the first ten residues of @entity1 and @entity95 was observed.

title: Purification of @entity95 and human XXXX .

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid', 'Amino acid']

entities_list: @entity42108 :: ('MESH:C017842', 'Chemical') :: ['Cibacron Blue-agarose']

answer: @entity59997 :: (100009133(Tax:9986),Gene) :: ['serum paraoxonase']


abstract: Our objective in this study was to develop and implement an effective intervention strategy to manipulate the amount and composition of dietary fat and @entity1735 ( @entity435 ) in free-living individuals in the RISCK study. The study was a randomized, controlled dietary intervention study that was conducted in 720 @entity1 identified as higher risk for or with @entity209 . All followed a 4-wk run-in reference diet [high @entity1718 (SF)/high glycemic index (GI)]. Volunteers were randomized to continue this diet for a further 24 wk or to 1 of 4 isoenergetic prescriptions [high @entity6221 ( @entity8981 )/high GI; high @entity8981 /low GI; low fat (LF)/high GI; and LF/low GI]. We developed a food exchange model to implement each diet. Dietary records and plasma phospholipid @entity1718 were used to assess the effectiveness of the intervention strategy. Reported fat intake from the LF diets was significantly reduced to 28% of energy (%E) compared with 38%E from the HM and LF diets. SF intake was successfully decreased in the HM and LF diets to < or =10%E compared with 17%E in the reference diet (P = 0.001). Dietary @entity8981 in the HM diets was approximately 17%E, significantly higher than in the reference (12%E) and LF diets (10%E) (P = 0.001). Changes in plasma phospholipid @entity1718 provided further evidence for the successful manipulation of fat intake. The GI of the HGI and LGI arms differed by approximately 9 points (P = 0.001). The food exchange model provided an effective dietary strategy for the design and implementation across multiple sites of 5 experimental diets with specific targets for the proportion of fat and @entity435 .

title: Successful manipulation of the quality and quantity of fat and XXXX consumed by free-living individuals using a food exchange model.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity6221 :: ('MESH:D005229', 'Chemical') :: ['monounsaturated fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acids', 'saturated fatty acids']

answer: @entity1735 :: (CHEBI:16646,Chemical) :: ['carbohydrate']


abstract: PURPOSE: To report periocular @entity1491 (BCC) as a distinct clinical entity, and to highlight its existence in the ophthalmic literature. DESIGN: Retrospective, noncomparative, multicenter, interventional small case series. @entity1 : Four @entity1 with linear BCC in the periocular region. INTERVENTION: All @entity1 underwent margin-controlled excision, 3 utilizing Mohs' micrographic surgery and 1 using frozen section. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Age, gender, location, preoperative @entity5 size, histological growth pattern, presence of perineural invasion, number of Mohs' levels used to obtain histologic clearance, postoperative defect size, and recurrence. RESULTS: In all 4 cases, the site of occurrence was in the lower eyelid and cheek. Histology revealed pigmented nodular BCC with an infiltrative component in 2 cases and nodular BCC in the remaining 2 cases. No perineural invasion was noted in any of the cases. Two Mohs' levels were required for complete excision in 3 @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Linear BCC is a distinct clinical entity. Presence of the @entity5 along relaxing skin tension lines, increase in subclinical extension, and aggressive @entity5 behavior are reported observations. Because of these observations, it is suggested that margin-controlled excision should be considered for linear BCC.

title: XXXX : a distinct clinical entity in the periocular region.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PARTICIPANTS', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1491 :: ('MESH:D002280', 'Disease') :: ['linear basal cell carcinoma']

answer: @entity1491 :: (MESH:D002280,Disease) :: ['Linear basal cell carcinoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Research has established the mental health sequelae following disaster, with studies now focused on understanding factors that mediate these outcomes. This study focused on anger, alcohol, subsequent life stressors and traumatic events as mediators in the development of @entity146 following the 2009 Black Saturday Bushfires, Australia's worst @entity14434 in over 100 years. METHOD: This study examined data from 1017 (M = 404, F = 613) adult residents across 25 communities differentially affected by the fires and participating in the Beyond Bushfires research study. Data included measures of fire exposure, @entity1005 , @entity308 , @entity988 , anger and subsequent major life stressors and traumatic events. Structural equation modeling assessed the influence of factors mediating the effects of fire exposure on mental health outcomes. RESULTS: Three mediation models were tested. The final model recorded excellent fit and observed a direct relationship between disaster exposure and mental health outcomes (b = .192, p < .001) and mediating relationships via Anger (b = .102, p < .001) and Major Life Stressors (b = .128, p < .001). Each gender was compared with multiple group analyses and while the mediation relationships were still significant for both genders, the direct relationship between exposure and outcome was no longer significant for @entity1 (p = .069), but remained significant (b = .234, p < .001) for @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Importantly, anger and major life stressors mediate the relationship between disaster exposure and development of mental health problems. The findings have significant implications for the assessment of anger post disaster, the provision of targeted anger-focused interventions and delivery of government and community assistance and support in addressing ongoing stressors in the post-disaster context to minimize subsequent mental health consequences.

title: The role of anger and ongoing stressors in mental health following a XXXX .

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['mental health disorders']

entities_list: @entity988 :: ('MESH:D000437', 'Disease') :: ['alcohol abuse']

entities_list: @entity1005 :: ('MESH:D013313', 'Disease') :: ['posttraumatic stress disorder']

entities_list: @entity14434 :: ('MESH:C566492', 'Disease') :: ['natural disaster']

answer: @entity14434 :: (MESH:C566492,Disease) :: ['natural disaster']


abstract: @entity636 is a pleiotropic cytokine produced by Th17 T cells that induces a myriad of proinflammatory mediators. However, different models of @entity32 report opposite functional roles of @entity636 signal in terms of its effects on @entity79 . In this study we determined the role of @entity3021 signal in bone resorption stimulated by @entity281 . Infrabony resorptive lesions were induced by surgical pulp exposure and microbial infection of @entity19 molar teeth. @entity636 was strongly induced in periapical tissues in @entity164 ( @entity164 ) @entity19 by 7 d after the infection but was not expressed in uninfected @entity19 . @entity281 of @entity3021 knockout (KO) @entity19 demonstrated significantly increased @entity79 and more @entity733 formation in the apical area compared with @entity164 @entity19 . Infected @entity3021 KO @entity19 exhibited significantly increased neutrophils and macrophages compared with the @entity164 littermates at day 21, suggesting a failure of transition from @entity32 in the @entity3021 KO @entity19 . The expression of @entity5003 (both a and b isoforms) and @entity9701 were significantly upregulated in the @entity3021 KO compared with @entity164 @entity19 at day 21 postinfection. The development of @entity1548 in @entity3021 KO @entity19 was significantly attenuated by neutralization of @entity635 and @entity9701 . Taken together, these results demonstrate that @entity3021 signal seems to be protective against @entity32 and @entity79 via suppression of neutrophil and mononuclear @entity32 .

title: @entity3021 signaling is protective in infection-stimulated periapical XXXX .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['infection-induced periapical inflammation', 'inflammation', 'acute to chronic inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1548 :: ('MESH:D010483', 'Disease') :: ['periapical lesions']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['Dentoalveolar infections', 'dentoalveolar infections']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone destruction']

answer: @entity79 :: (MESH:D001847,Disease) :: ['bone destruction']


abstract: We examined whether the decrease in cardiac contractility in @entity3839 -induced @entity6 in the @entity35 is accompanied by reduced or excessive loading of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) with @entity141 . Pooled SR @entity141 content and fractional release on stimulation were estimated with @entity1159 ( @entity1159 ) and twitch height measurements, respectively. Interval-force relation was studied to assess the ability of @entity6 tissue to alter the relative contribution of SR @entity141 for contraction. Two months after injection with @entity3839 , peak isometric contraction and steady-state @entity1159 decreased in parallel to approximately 50% of control values. The time to peak force development and complete relaxation was prolonged to 156 and 161% in @entity6 in the presence of 1.25 and 2.5 mM extracellular @entity141 concentration [ @entity141 ]o, respectively. A stepwise increase in the rate of stimulation from 0.2 to 0.5 and 1.0 Hz resulted in a negative force staircase, the slope of which was identical in control and @entity6 animals in each [ @entity141 ]o tested. Postrest contractions and @entity1159 , after variable test intervals, were significantly depressed after 0.2 and 0.5 Hz stimulation in @entity6 muscles at 1.25 mM [ @entity141 ]o. This defect of SR @entity141 availability was reversed by increasing the stimulation frequency to 1.0 Hz or by elevating [ @entity141 ]o to 2.5 mM. The results suggest that the marked reduction of developed @entity2701 in @entity6 tissues was a consequence of depleted SR @entity141 stores, rather than a result of chronic SR @entity141 overloading. The maintained integrity of the interval-force relation in the presence of @entity6 implies that the cellular mechanisms responsible for frequency- and time-dependent alterations in SR @entity141 availability are not disturbed at this stage of disease.

title: Influence of experimental @entity6 on sarcoplasmic reticulum function in XXXX ventricular muscle.

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity3839 :: ('MESH:D013311', 'Chemical') :: ['streptozotocin']

entities_list: @entity1159 :: ('MESH:D003286', 'Disease') :: ['rapid cooling contracture', 'RCC']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity295 is an important cause of mortality and morbidity in the intensive care unit (ICU). We performed a study to describe the epidemiology of @entity1850 in @entity1 admitted to ICUs of the Piedmont region. METHODS: In this prospective, multicentre, observational study, all 3902 @entity1 admitted to a network of 24 ICUs from 17 hospitals during a 180 day period (April 3-September 29, 2006) were included. @entity1 were followed from the first day of admission until death or ICU discharge. RESULTS: The incidence of @entity295 during the ICU stay was 11.4% (N.=446), corresponding to an incidence of 25 cases/100,000 inhabitants/year; 141 (31.6%) @entity1 had only @entity295 , 160 @entity1 had severe @entity295 (35.9%) and 145 @entity1 (32.5%) had @entity326 In 227 @entity1 (50.9%), @entity295 was observed within 48 hours after admission to the ICU, and 219 @entity1 (49.1%) developed ICU-acquired @entity295 . The main sources of infection were the lungs, abdomen, and urinary tract. ICU mortality was higher (41.3 vs. 17.3%, P<0.0001) and the median ICU length of stay longer (15 vs. 2 days, P<0.0001) in @entity1 with @entity295 than in those without @entity295 . The mortality rate increased with the severity of @entity295 . ICU-acquired @entity295 was associated with higher ICU mortality rates than @entity295 occurring within 48 hours of ICU admission (49.8 vs. 33.0%, P<0.0001). CONCLUSION: @entity295 is a common occurrence in @entity3124 @entity1 . Our data underscore the regional variability in the epidemiology and outcome of @entity1850 and may be useful to guide appropriate resource allocation.

title: Epidemiology and outcome of XXXX in Italian ICUs: a muticentre, observational cohort study in the region of Piedmont.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['sepsis', 'Sepsis']

entities_list: @entity326 :: ('MESH:D012772', 'Disease') :: ['septic shock']

entities_list: @entity3124 :: ('MESH:D016638', 'Disease') :: ['critically ill']

entities_list: @entity1850 :: ('MESH:D018746', 'Disease') :: ['sepsis syndromes']

answer: @entity1850 :: (MESH:D018746,Disease) :: ['sepsis syndromes']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of @entity3952 and @entity4722 on the production and secretion of specific @entity6 - ( @entity6 -) related cytokines: @entity7 ( @entity7 ), @entity650 ( @entity650 ), and @entity687 ( @entity687 ) by @entity1 retinal glial cells, retinal endothelial cells, and retinal pigment epithelial cells. These expression profiles will be compared to those obtained by treatment of the same cell types with elevated @entity413 , a @entity6 -relevant stimulus often used in retinal cell culture experiments. METHODS: Primary cultures of @entity1 retinal M  ller cells, astrocytes, and microvascular endothelial cells (RMEC) and a @entity1 retinal pigment epithelial cell line (ARPE-19) were treated with @entity3952 , @entity4722 , elevated @entity413 , or @entity413 as an osmotic control. @entity7 , @entity650 , and @entity687 concentrations in conditioned media were determined by colorimetric ELISA and normalized to total cellular protein. RESULTS: In the conditioned medium of @entity1 M  ller cells, linoleic and @entity3952 increased @entity7 production by 6.4-fold and 9.9-fold, respectively. @entity4722 also significantly increased @entity650 by 2.9-fold and @entity687 by 5.7-fold. @entity413 and @entity413 both increased @entity7 by 3.1-fold in M  ller cell conditioned medium. @entity4722 increased @entity687 concentrations by 56% in @entity1 RMEC conditioned medium. @entity1 retinal astrocytes and ARPE-19 were unaffected by all stimuli. CONCLUSIONS: Linoleic and @entity3952 induce inflammatory mediators believed to be involved in the pathogenesis of @entity6 ( @entity6 ). In culture, the free @entity844 insults, particularly @entity4722 , significantly increased cytokine production by M  ller cells. In summary, these data identified M  ller cells as the primary producer of these inflammatory mediators when treated with @entity1474 . This study also demonstrates that elevated @entity413 is an inadequate stimulus for assessing the production of inflammatory mediators. Therefore this study provides a novel in vitro model system of the @entity2299 -induced @entity32 occurring in @entity6 .

title: @entity4722 is a XXXX -relevant Stimulator of Retinal Inflammation in @entity1 Retinal Muller Cells and Microvascular Endothelial Cells.

entities_list: @entity844 :: ('CHEBI:35366', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity3952 :: ('MESH:D019301', 'Chemical') :: ['oleic acid']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['DR', 'diabetic retinopathy', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity7 :: ('7422', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor', 'VEGF']

entities_list: @entity2299 :: ('MESH:D050171', 'Disease') :: ['dyslipidemia']

entities_list: @entity1474 :: ('MESH:D005231', 'Chemical') :: ['unsaturated fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['L-glucose', 'D-glucose', 'glucose']

entities_list: @entity4722 :: ('MESH:D019787', 'Chemical') :: ['Linoleic acid', 'linoleic acid']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['Diabetes']


abstract: Although stimulation of @entity4090 secretion in the early postpartum period has been found to improve lactational performance, the effect of chronic maintenance of elevated plasma @entity4090 levels on milk production is not known. In a randomized design, 66 lactating @entity1 were assigned to receive either a placebo (n = 32) or the @entity935 antagonist @entity3216 (n = 34; 100 mg, three times daily), for 4 days, followed by 50 mg, three times daily, for a 90-day period). Their basal and 30 min postsuckling plasma @entity4090 levels as well as the weights of their @entity1 were measured 1, 4, 15, 30, 60, and 90 days postpartum. Forty-one @entity1 (20 @entity3216 -treated and 21 placebo-treated) completed the study. Compared with the placebo group, which had the expected postpartum plasma @entity4090 decline, the @entity3216 -treated @entity1 maintained significantly elevated basal plasma @entity4090 values up to the 90th postpartum day. In contrast, the postsuckling plasma @entity4090 level was significantly diminished in the latter group, and on day 90 was practically absent. On day 15, @entity1017 was significantly greater in the @entity1 whose mothers received @entity3216 , but later, no differences were detectable between groups of @entity1 despite the disparity in @entity4090 levels in their mothers. We conclude that enhancement of @entity4090 secretion in the early postpartum period may transiently increase milk production, but chronic @entity4089 has no effect on lactational performance. The plasma @entity4090 response to suckling is not essential for the maintenance of milk secretion. Instead, basal plasma @entity4090 levels and neurogenic reflexes may be more instrumental in maintaining established lactation.

title: Failure of maintained XXXX to improve lactational performance in late puerperium.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity4089 :: ('MESH:D006966', 'Disease') :: ['hyperprolactinemia']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity3216 :: ('MESH:D013469', 'Chemical') :: ['sulpiride']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['weight gain']

answer: @entity4089 :: (MESH:D006966,Disease) :: ['hyperprolactinemia']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Neoadjuvant systemic treatment in @entity0 was initially utilized for @entity1 with locally advanced @entity5 to achieve resectability. Later on it moved to earlier @entity5 stages, thus allowing more breast conservations. Current explorations seek to find out whether its effect on axillary metastases could eliminate axillary dissection in treatment responders. Three large prospective trials have studied the accuracy of @entity1600 ( @entity1600 ) after clinical regression of nodal metastases in the axilla. METHODS: As shown by the results, false negativity of @entity1600 exceeds 10%, which is considered as unacceptably high. The false negativity can be reduced by using the dual tracer technique and/or by removing three nodes at the minimum. An even more promising approach consists in marking the initially metastatic node to ensure its surgical removal along with the regular sentinel nodes. This procedure has been described as "TAD" (Targeted Axillary Dissection), and extirpation of the marked node is now recommended in NCCN guidelines. However, the appropriate surgical procedure to be used to stage the axilla after clinical regression of nodal metastases still remains a matter of debate. Above all, safety of the conservative approach with respect to local regional control and overall survival is yet unknown. RESULTS: Longer follow-up is needed to assess this issue. Despite that, the use of neoadjuvant systemic treatment to reduce axillary dissections seems promising from the current perspective.Key words: @entity0 - neoadjuvant treatment - @entity1600 - axillary dissection - false negativity.

title: [The possibility of eliminating axillary dissection in XXXX @entity1 using neoadjuvant treatment].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1600 :: ('MESH:D014388', 'Disease') :: ['sentinel lymph node biopsy', 'SLNB']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: There is evidence that reactive @entity26 species (ROSs) are generated in extracorporeal circuits. Free radical scavenging enzymes (FRSEs) such as @entity2041 reductase ( @entity9492 -R), @entity2041 peroxidase ( @entity2197 -Px), and @entity224 dismutase (SOD) protect against the damaging effect of ROSs. The influence of extracorporeal treatment on FRSE activity was investigated in the plasma and red blood cells (RBCs) of 21 @entity1 undergoing regular low-density lipoprotein (LDL) apheresis. The FRSEs @entity9492 -R, @entity2197 -Px, and SOD were measured. Determinations were made before and after a single treatment. Because all apheresis @entity1 suffered from @entity301 ( @entity301 ), 201 @entity301 @entity1 and 90 individuals without @entity301 , neither group undergoing apheresis, served as controls. In apheresis @entity1 , @entity2197 -Px (33.9+/-8.2 U/g Hb) and @entity9492 -R (7.6+/-0.9 U/g Hb) activities were increased whereas SOD activity (5.4+/-1.5 U/g Hb) was decreased in RBCs before a single treatment compared to controls. Plasma FRSEs of apheresis @entity1 were not different from those of controls. There was no effect of a single treatment on FRSEs in RBCs. However, a significant decrease in plasma @entity2197 -Px activity (209.9+/-24.9 U/ml) due to the extracorporeal treatment was observed. These data show that long-term extracorporeal therapy with LDL apheresis modulates the activity of antioxidant enzymes in RBCs whereas a single treatment was without major effect on FRSE activity in RBCs and plasma, except for plasma @entity2197 -Px.

title: Activity of free radical scavenging enzymes in red cells and plasma of XXXX undergoing extracorporeal low-density lipoprotein apheresis.

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['CHD', 'coronary heart disease']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity2041 :: ('MESH:D005978', 'Chemical') :: ['glutathione']

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: @entity121 are characteristic of @entity626 ( @entity571 ), contributing to the @entity425 that is also a hallmark of the disease. The mechanisms underlying this @entity71 ( @entity71 ) are unknown, although cortical mechanisms may be involved. Here, we utilize transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to assess corticospinal and intracortical excitability in @entity1 with knee @entity571 and in a comparably aged group of healthy older adults, to quantify group differences, and to examine associations between TMS measures and @entity158 , @entity121 strength, and @entity71 . Seventeen @entity1 with knee @entity571 and 20 healthy controls completed testing. Motor evoked potentials were measured at the @entity121 by superficial electromyographic recordings. Corticospinal excitability was assessed by measuring resting motor threshold (RMT) to TMS stimulation of the @entity121 representation at primary motor cortex, and intracortical excitability was assessed via paired-pulse paradigms for short-interval intracortical inhibition (SICI) and intracortical facilitation (ICF). No statistically significant differences between @entity1 with knee @entity571 and healthy controls were found for RMT, SICI or ICF measures (p  >  0.05). For @entity1 with knee @entity571 , there were significant associations observed between @entity158 and RMT, as well as between @entity158 and ICF. No associations were observed between @entity71 and measures of corticospinal or intracortical excitability. These data suggest against direct involvement of corticospinal or intracortical pathways within primary motor cortex in the mechanisms of @entity71 . However, @entity158 is implicated in the neural mechanisms of @entity121 motor control in @entity1 with knee @entity571 .

title: Corticospinal and intracortical excitability of the @entity121 in XXXX with @entity626 .

entities_list: @entity626 :: ('MESH:D020370', 'Disease') :: ['knee osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity71 :: ('MESH:D001289', 'Disease') :: ['CAD', 'central activation deficit']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['quadriceps weakness']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['quadriceps', 'Deficits in voluntary activation of the quadriceps muscle']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: The first drug only for arterial injection, SMANCS/ @entity4831 , which offers targeted chemotherapy for @entity157 ( @entity157 ), now commercially available. Based on our experience using SMANCS/ @entity4831 for 424 @entity1 with @entity157 , the golden standard of how to use SMANCS/ @entity4831 for complete necrosis of @entity5 was described. The initial dose of SMANCS/ @entity4831 was varied 2 to 6 mg per body, mainly depending on the size of the @entity5 . All feeding arteries of @entity157 have to be verified on angiogram, and the drug must be injected via an adequate artery. Sometimes, a @entity5 changes its feeding arteries. Additional administrations with an interval of one month were done till the entire @entity5 was filled with SMANCS/ @entity4831 (grade 4). One or two months after achievement of grade 4, we must examine how much drug was removed from @entity5 on CT. If the entire @entity5 is not filled with the drug, further injections are recommended to maintain grade 4. Almost all @entity5 shrank in 3 to 4 months while maintaining grade 4. Frequent administration of low doses (1-3 mg per body) is recommended. Discontinvation of administration was done on the following findings; @entity5 size reduction of over 90% or complete disappearance of @entity5 stain. With arterial injection therapy of SMANCS/ @entity4831 , survival of @entity1 with unresectable @entity157 was prolonged, especially in 272 @entity1 who were good candidates for therapy. (Those with @entity1 C liver @entity82 , with a @entity5 occupying all four segments of the liver, and/or with extrahepatic spread at initial arterial injection of the drug were excluded.) The 1, 2, 5, and 10 year survival rates were 83%, 58%, 34%, and 25%, respectively.

title: [Targeted chemotherapy of @entity157 with SMANCS/ @entity4831 --how to use SMANCS/ XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Child', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity4831 :: ('MESH:D004998', 'Chemical') :: ['Lipiodol']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'hepatocellular carcinoma']

answer: @entity4831 :: (MESH:D004998,Chemical) :: ['Lipiodol']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To present the characteristics of @entity3541 caused by @entity102 media. The role of @entity3540 , bony dehiscence, the duration of the disease, and the results of surgical therapy in @entity3541 were reviewed. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective case review. SETTING: Tertiary care referral center. @entity1 : A total of 24 @entity1 (6 @entity1 , 18 @entity1 ; age range, 17-74 yr) with @entity3541 were included in the study. INTERVENTION: Canal wall down mastoidectomy was performed in 14 @entity1 (58.3%), modified radical mastoidectomy was performed in seven @entity1 (25%), and intact canal wall mastoidectomy was performed in three @entity1 (16.7%). All @entity1 had decompression of the fallopian canal from the geniculate ganglion to the stylomastoid foramen without opening the @entity4847 . RESULTS: Eighteen @entity1 (75%) had gradual onset of @entity3541 . The most common associated symptom with @entity3541 was vertigo in six @entity1 . Twelve @entity1 (50%) had no associated symptoms. @entity3541 was the sole complication in 21 @entity1 (87.9%). Three @entity1 had multiple complications. @entity11389 was the most common associated complication. @entity3541 was associated with @entity7854 in one @entity1 . Fourteen @entity1 (58.3%) demonstrated dramatic recovery within 3 months after surgery. Intraoperatively, @entity3540 were found in 17 of the @entity1 (70.8%). The fallopian canal was intact in four @entity1 (none of them had a @entity3540 ), and 20 @entity1 had @entity79 or dehiscence (three @entity1 had no @entity3540 ). The tympanic segment was the most common site of involvement in 14 @entity1 (58.3%). CONCLUSION: A @entity5479 was present in the majority of @entity1 with @entity3541 caused by @entity102 media. Gradual onset of @entity3541 was the most frequent pattern. @entity3541 presented poor prognosis regardless of the presence of a @entity3540 . There was no statistical difference among the results of surgical techniques.

title: XXXX due to @entity102 media.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS', 'men']

entities_list: @entity11389 :: ('MESH:D007762', 'Disease') :: ['Labyrinthitis']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic otitis']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone destruction']

entities_list: @entity3540 :: ('MESH:D002781', 'Disease') :: ['cholesteatomas', 'cholesteatoma']

entities_list: @entity5479 :: ('MESH:D018424', 'Disease') :: ['middle ear cholesteatoma']

entities_list: @entity3541 :: ('MESH:D005158', 'Disease') :: ['facial paralysis', 'Facial paralysis']

entities_list: @entity4847 :: ('MESH:D018317', 'Disease') :: ['epineural sheath']

entities_list: @entity7854 :: ('MESH:C562858', 'Disease') :: ['congenital cholesteatoma']

answer: @entity3541 :: (MESH:D005158,Disease) :: ['Facial nerve paralysis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Data from the general population show higher prevalence of different @entity148 in @entity1 as compared with @entity1 . We analysed gender differences in a naturalistic sample of outpatients with @entity148 in a mental healthcare setting. METHOD: Routine outcome monitoring data were collected from 1333 @entity1 (age: 18-65; 63.3% @entity1 ) fulfilling Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of @entity146 IV criteria of current @entity148 according to the Mini-International @entity146 Interview between 2004 through 2006. Data included Comprehensive Psychopathological Rating Scale, Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI), Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), Mood and Anxiety Symptom Questionnaire (MASQ). Chi-squared test and t-test were used to compare @entity1 with @entity1 for variables with parametric distributions, and Mann-Whitney test for non-parametric distribution. Adjustments for potential confounders (age, level of education, ethnicity and comorbidites) were made by logistic regression models (for discrete variables) or analysis of covariance. RESULTS: The female-to-male ratio (i.e., 844 @entity1 , 489 @entity1 ) for any @entity148 was 1.73 : 1 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.63-1.83), with the strongest skewness for @entity1005 (2.80 : 1) and the smallest one for @entity913 (1.18 : 1). Compared with @entity1 , @entity1 reported more severe self-rating scores on the BSI (on average, the scores were 12.3% higher on 3 of 9 subscales: somatisation, interpersonal sensitivity and @entity148 ), SF-36 (self-reported generic health status was lower on 5 of 8 subscales: physical functioning, social functioning, physical problems, vitality and @entity158 ) and MASQ (on average, the scores were 6.6% higher on 4 of 5 subscales: anxious arousal, general distress, @entity308 , general @entity148 ). On the contrary, no gender difference was found in the severity of @entity148 measured by the Brief Anxiety Scale. @entity1 were more likely to suffer from @entity308 and @entity1279 , and less likely from @entity734 . CONCLUSIONS: In a treatment-seeking population the prevalence rate of @entity148 was 1.7 times higher in female compared with @entity1 . Female outpatients were more severely affected on self-rated but not on observer-rated scales.

title: Gender differences in outpatients with XXXX : the Leiden Routine Outcome Monitoring Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'Women', 'men']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['general distress depression', 'comorbid depression']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['Mental Disorders', 'Neuropsychiatric']

entities_list: @entity913 :: ('MESH:D010698', 'Disease') :: ['social phobia']

entities_list: @entity1005 :: ('MESH:D013313', 'Disease') :: ['post-traumatic stress disorder']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['distress anxiety', 'anxiety symptoms', 'anxiety disorder', 'anxiety', 'anxiety disorders']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['bodily pain']

entities_list: @entity1279 :: ('MESH:D052018', 'Disease') :: ['bulimia nervosa']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['substance abuse']

answer: @entity148 :: (MESH:D001008,Disease) :: ['anxiety disorders']


abstract: A randomised controlled trial studied the effect of an educational visit on @entity1245 prescribing. An approximately representative sample of 286 general practitioners was allocated to an intervention or a control group. Rates of @entity1245 prescriptions were derived from two comprehensive self-report surveys seven months apart. Two months after the first survey the intervention group received an educational visit and supporting material from a doctor or pharmacist, ostensibly unconnected with the surveys. The overall @entity1245 prescribing rate fell by 23.7 per cent from the first to the second surveys, from 4.93 to 3.76 prescriptions per 100 encounters (P < 0.001). @entity148 and @entity22 diagnosis rates also declined from 4.68 to 3.76 per 100 encounters (19.7 per cent). After adjusting for confounders, there was a differential downward trend in prescriptions per diagnosis of @entity22 but not to a statistical level. The same was true of initial prescriptions per @entity22 diagnosis. In a subsidiary analysis selecting only new @entity22 diagnoses, the intervention had a strong effect in reducing initial prescriptions (odds ratio 0.18, 95 per cent confidence interval 0.04 to 0.73). No effect was seen on prescribing for @entity148 diagnoses. Educational practice visiting for @entity1245 prescribing in @entity148 , as we conducted it, is not justified in an unselected population of general practitioners. Specific education on prescribing for @entity22 is probably useful. Our interpretation of the reduction in @entity1245 prescribing is that probably there was an effect from self-monitoring alone which overwhelmed a main-analysis intervention effect. Retrospective diagnosis may also have obscured a real intervention effect.

title: A controlled trial of educational visiting to improve XXXX prescribing in general practice.

entities_list: @entity1245 :: ('MESH:D001569', 'Chemical') :: ['benzodiazepine']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['anxiety', 'Anxiety']

entities_list: @entity22 :: ('MESH:D007319', 'Disease') :: ['insomnia']

answer: @entity1245 :: (MESH:D001569,Chemical) :: ['benzodiazepine']


abstract: @entity1 's exposure to food marketing across multiple everyday settings, a key environmental influence on health, has not yet been objectively documented. Wearable automated cameras (ACs) may have the potential to provide an objective account of this exposure. The purpose of this study is to assess the feasibility of using ACs to document @entity1 's exposure to food marketing in multiple settings. A convenience sample of six @entity1 (aged 12) wore a SenseCam device for two full days. Following which, @entity1 attended a focus group to ascertain their experiences of using the device. The collected data were analysed to determine @entity1 ' daily and setting specific exposure to 'healthy' and 'unhealthy' food marketing (in minutes). The focus group transcript was analysed using thematic analysis to identify the common themes. @entity1 collected usable data that could be analysed to determine @entity1 's daily exposure (in minutes) to 'unhealthy' food marketing across a number of everyday settings. Results from the focus group discussion indicated that @entity1 were comfortable wearing the device, after an initial adjustment period. ACs may be an effective tool for documenting @entity1 's exposure to food marketing in multiple settings. ACs provide a new method for documenting environmental determinants of @entity28 and likely other environmental impacts on health.

title: Capturing exposures: using automated cameras to document environmental determinants of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'children', 'participant', 'Children', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obesity']


abstract: Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are implicated in the pathogenesis of diseases such as @entity195 ( @entity195 ) and @entity746 ( @entity746 ). Increased expression of @entity1495 and TIMPs has been reported in postmortem @entity195 and @entity746 brain tissue, as well as in @entity746 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma. Although individual studies of MMP and @entity2843 expression in CSF have included @entity195 and @entity746 samples, there are no studies comparing the expression of these proteins between @entity179 . We measured the levels of @entity5379 and the tissue inhibitor of MMPs (e.g. @entity2843 and @entity1552 ) in CSF samples from @entity1 with @entity191 ( @entity191 ), @entity2033 ( @entity2033 ), @entity195 and @entity746 as compared to age-matched control @entity1 . There was constitutive expression of the proform of gelatinase A (proMMP-2) on zymography gels in all CSF samples. Unexpectedly, there was an additional gelatinolytic band at 130 kDa of unknown etiology in the CSF samples of @entity1 with @entity191 (61% of @entity1 studied), @entity195 (61%), @entity2033 (25%) and @entity746 (39%). Levels of @entity2843 were significantly elevated in CSF samples from all disease groups. @entity1552 was significantly increased in CSF of @entity195 and @entity2033 @entity1 . @entity1476 levels did not differ significantly between groups. These findings show that TIMPs are elevated in the CSF of @entity1 with @entity179 suggesting a potential role of these endogenous inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases in @entity179 .

title: Tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases are elevated in cerebrospinal fluid of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5379 :: ('4313;4318', 'Gene') :: ['matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)-2 and -9']

entities_list: @entity2033 :: ('MESH:D006816', 'Disease') :: ["Huntington's Disease", 'HD']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's Disease", 'PD']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['AD', "Alzheimer's Disease"]

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['neurodegenerative diseases']

entities_list: @entity746 :: ('MESH:D000690', 'Disease') :: ['ALS', 'amyotrophic lateral sclerosis']

answer: @entity179 :: (MESH:D019636,Disease) :: ['neurodegenerative diseases']


abstract: [Purpose] The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of whole-body vibration (WBV) in the horizontal direction on the motor function and balance of @entity64 survivors. [Subjects and Methods] This study was a randomized controlled trial. Twenty-one individuals with @entity64 from an inpatient rehabilitation center participated in the study. The @entity1 were allocated to either the WBV training group or the control group. The WBV training group (n = 12) received whole-body vibration delivered in the horizontal direction (15   min/day, 3 times/week, 6 wks) followed by conventional rehabilitation (30   min/day, 5 times/week, 6 wks); the control group (n = 9) received conventional rehabilitation only (30   min/day, 5 times/week, 6 wks). Motor function was measured by using the Fugl-Meyer assessment, and balance was measured by using the @entity2653 ( @entity2653 ) and the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test before and after the interventions. [Results] After the interventions, all variables improved significantly compared with the baseline values in the WBV training group. In the control group, no significant improvements in any variables were noted. In addition, the @entity2653 score in the WBV training group increased significantly compared with that in the control group. [Conclusion] WBV training with whole-body vibration delivered in the horizontal direction may be a potential intervention for improvement of motor function and balance in @entity1 who previously experienced a @entity64 .

title: Does whole-body vibration training in the horizontal direction have effects on motor function and balance of XXXX survivors? A preliminary study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'chronic stroke']

entities_list: @entity2653 :: ('MESH:C538175', 'Disease') :: ['BBS', 'Berg Balance Scale']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['chronic stroke']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Evaluation of the initial experiences with @entity11544 in @entity195 . DESIGN: Retrospective. METHOD: Data were collected from @entity1 with @entity195 who were treated with @entity11544 between 1 October 1998-30 November 1999 at the @entity2414 Outpatients Clinic at the Academic Medical Centre or the Slotervaart Hospital, both in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Before, and 6 months after treatment, the course of the disease was evaluated using clinimetric scales relating to cognitive functions, behavioural abnormalities and instrumental daily functions. The treatment results were considered to be 'favourable' if they corresponded with a disease course seen in less than 10% of untreated @entity195 @entity1 . RESULTS: During the study period, 53 @entity1 were treated, 36 @entity1 and 17 @entity1 , with a mean age of 77 years (range: 57-89). Follow-up data were incomplete for four @entity1 . Of the remaining @entity1 , 27 (55%; 95% CI: 40-69) withdrew from treatment during the first 6 months, mainly because of gastrointestinal side-effects. Of the other 22 @entity1 (45%; 31-60) 18 continued with @entity11544 treatment (18/49 = 37%; 23-52), and in three of these @entity1 the disease course was favourable (3/49 = 6%; 1-17). CONCLUSION: In daily practice, over 50% of the @entity1 were unable to tolerate @entity11544 . Structured evaluation of treatment efficacy was feasible in this population. Treatment with @entity11544 seemed to be beneficial in a small proportion of the @entity1 .

title: [ @entity11544 for XXXX ; evaluation of preliminary results and of structured assessment of efficacy].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['Memory Disorders']

entities_list: @entity11544 :: ('MESH:C072506', 'Chemical') :: ['rivastigmine']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['Alzheimer', "Alzheimer's disease"]

answer: @entity195 :: (MESH:D000544,Disease) :: ['Alzheimer disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity0 is the most common @entity5 among @entity1 worldwide. Given the advances in extending survival, the number of recently diagnosed @entity0 @entity1 and longer-term @entity0 survivors is growing. The goals of this study were to better understand (1) perceptions of provider @entity5 recurrence risk communication, (2) perceived risk of @entity0 recurrence in @entity5 @entity1 and survivors, and (3) accuracy of perceived risk. METHODS: A survey was conducted on @entity1 with a prior @entity0 (n=141). RESULTS: Approximately 40% of @entity1 perceived that providers had not talked about their @entity0 recurrence risk; although only 1 @entity1 reported not wanting a physician to talk to her about her risk. @entity1 were largely inaccurate in their assessments of risk. Greater worry, living in a rural area, and longer time since diagnosis were associated with greater inaccuracy. @entity1 tended to think about distal recurrence of @entity5 as often of local recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: Perceived risk of @entity0 recurrence was inaccurate, and @entity1 desired more communication about recurrence risk. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Consistent with findings from other studies, greater efforts are needed to improve the communication of @entity5 recurrence risk to @entity1 . Attention should be paid to those from rural areas and to distal @entity5 recurrence in @entity1 with a previous history of @entity0 .

title: Perception of XXXX recurrence risk: more information is better.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'Women', 'person']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['Breast cancer', 'breast cancer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']