abstract: In a national multicenter trial in the Federal Republic of Germany, @entity1 with @entity978 in stages I, II and IIIA presenting with large @entity5 ( @entity5 ), extranodal (E), or massive spleen (S) involvement received a combined modality treatment with 2x (COPP + ABVD) followed by 20 or 40 Gy EF radiation ( @entity17029 protocol). By October 1987, 89 @entity1 aged 15-60 years had finished therapy and were evaluable for response. Of these 74 (83%) achieved complete remission (CR). After 3 years freedom from treatment failure (FFTF) is 80% (+/- 8%, 95% confidence interval) and survival (SV) 92% (+/- 6%, 95% confidence interval). In a univariate and multivariate analysis using FFTF as endpoint we could not identify any particularly prominent prognostic risk factor among the following examined: stage, constitutional symptoms, @entity5 , E stage, S involvement, age, sex, histology, laparotomy, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), leukocytes, lymphocytes, and alkaline phosphatase (AP). These data suggest that the inclusion criteria have selected a fairly homogeneous group of @entity1 with respect to prognosis. In a separate trial ( @entity3997 protocol) @entity1 in stages IIIB/IV received induction chemotherapy with 3x (COPP + ABVD). @entity1 in complete remission (CR) received consolidation therapy by either radiotherapy (20 Gy IF) or further chemotherapy (COPP + ABVD). @entity1 not in CR received salvage therapy (40Gy in the case of persisting @entity66 , or else 4x CEVD chemotherapy). By October 1987, 137 @entity1 had finished therapy and were evaluable for response. Of these 86 (63%) achieved CR after induction chemotherapy. Including salvage therapy a total of 104 @entity1 (76%) achieved CR. After 3 years FFTF is 56% (+/- 10%, 95% confidence interval) and SV 84% (+/- 8%, 95% confidence interval). Univariate and multivariate prognostic risk factor analyses were performed using FFTF as endpoint. Sex, age, stage, splenectomy, bone marrow, and liver and bone involvement had no prognostic impact. In contrast, a pretreatment erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) above 80 mm/h and a serum alkaline phosphatase (AP) above 230 IU/ml each appeared as significant prognostic factors (P less than 0.01; relative risk, 2.3). The two parameters can be combined to separate two groups (A: ESR and AP both low; B: ESR and/or AP high) which differ significantly for FFTF (P less than 0.001) and survival (P less than 0.04). The decision for risk-adapted treatment requires identification of groups of @entity1 in the frame of specified diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: Risk factor adapted treatment of XXXX : strategies and perspectives.

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['nodal disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['mediastinal tumor', 'MT']

entities_list: @entity978 :: ('MESH:D006689', 'Disease') :: ["Hodgkin's lymphoma"]

answer: @entity978 :: (MESH:D006689,Disease) :: ['Hodgkin's lymphoma']


abstract: We describe the EEG findings of an @entity1 with early-onset @entity302 with mutation of the @entity15748 gene and a family history of @entity410 . The @entity1 presented with multifocal @entity410 with onset during the third day of life. Family history was positive for early-onset @entity410 . Metabolic screening and neuroimaging were negative. Direct sequencing of KCQN2 from both the mother and @entity1 revealed a heterozygous @entity5538 -to- @entity2774 mutation (Dedek et al., 2003). Interictal EEG showed a very discontinuous pattern which evolved towards a defined burst-suppression pattern during sleep and a multifocal, random, attenuation pattern during wakefulness. Focal, @entity410 with @entity135 , sometimes followed by asynchronous and asymmetrical clonic jerks, eyelid myoclonias, and polypnoea, were recorded. Ictal EEG was characterised by focal, low-voltage, fast activity, followed by recruiting theta rhythms and bilateral, focal, spike-wave complexes, alternatively localised to one hemisphere and subsequently diffusing to the other. ACTH therapy was introduced, resulting in a significant improvement in EEG activity and gradual reduction in @entity410 frequency, with cessation at age 13 weeks. [Published with video sequences].

title: Video/EEG findings in a XXXX @entity302 : a case report and revision of literature data.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['child', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head deviation']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['tonic seizures', 'neonatal seizures', 'seizure', 'drug-resistant seizures']

entities_list: @entity5538 :: ('MESH:D003596', 'Chemical') :: ['cytosine']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epileptic encephalopathy']

answer: @entity15748 :: (3785,Gene) :: ['KCNQ2']


abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of 1h, bilateral, warm @entity63 -reperfusion @entity8 as a model of @entity810 in the cat. Four adult healthy @entity468 underwent 60 min of bilateral, in vivo renal warm @entity63 ; three @entity468 were sham operated controls. Kidney function was evaluated with @entity1011 and BUN concentration, urine protein: @entity1011 , and glomerular filtration rate. Post-reperfusion endothelin and @entity30750 was measured by ELISA and RT-qPCR. Blood pressure (BP), platelet count, and @entity1423 were monitored. Renal biopsy specimens were evaluated histopathologically. There was significant reduction in renal function characterized by severe @entity2629 and proximal tubular brush border loss. Changes in @entity30750 or endothelin gene expression or serum concentration were not detected. No changes were detected in BP. Platelet count and hematocrit decreased markedly after @entity63 and reperfusion. Sixty minutes bilateral @entity8 is an effective model for @entity810 .

title: XXXX as a model of @entity810 in @entity468 .

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal ischemia', 'kidney injury']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity1423 :: ('MESH:D001791', 'Disease') :: ['platelet aggregation']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['acute renal injury', 'acute kidney injury']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['Bilateral renal ischemia']


abstract: Seventy-seven @entity4607 were operated upon during a 21-year period (1966-1986); 43 (55.8%) @entity1 were male and 34 (44.2%), female. Thoracotomy was carried out: in all 53 enucleations, 18 wedge resections, 5 lobectomies, and 1 apico-basal segmentectomy were performed. The size of the @entity5 varied in diameter between 1 cm and 8 cm (mean 2.27 cm) and 23 (29.9%) of @entity1 had previous, concomitant or subsequent pulmonary or @entity456 . Operative mortality was nil. There were 19 postoperative complications in 18 @entity1 . All 77 @entity1 were called for a follow-up examination 6 months to 20 years after operation (mean 8.1 years). Eleven had died, 15 answered with a letter and 39 came to control examination. Thirteen @entity1 did not respond to the questionnaire but were still alive according to the national statistics. One @entity1 developed @entity2 of which he died 8 years after operation. The others are doing well. Although benign in nature, the only therapy for primary @entity5 .

title: XXXX . A clinical study of 77 cases in a 21-year period and review of literature.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['hamartoma is operative removal of the tumour', 'tumours']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity4607 :: ('MESH:D006222', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary hamartomas']

entities_list: @entity456 :: ('MESH:D010995', 'Disease') :: ['pleural disease']

answer: @entity4607 :: (MESH:D006222,Disease) :: ['Pulmonary hamartoma']


abstract: What's known on the subject? and what does the study add?: Local relapse of @entity1358 following radical nephrectomy is rare, and surgical removal provides the only opportunity for cure. Open surgery has been established as the usual approach for these @entity5 . It is, however, associated with significant morbidity. Our study describes the largest series of laparoscopic treatment of local relapse of @entity1358 with the longest follow-up. We show that the laparoscopic approach is feasible in expert centres. It provides faster recovery and fewer complications with satisfactory oncological outcomes in selected @entity1 . OBJECTIVE: To assess the feasibility and oncological outcomes of laparoscopic treatment for local relapse of @entity1358 . @entity1 AND METHODS: Nine @entity1 were treated by a pure laparoscopic approach for local recurrence of a @entity703 between 2005 and 2011 by a single surgeon (HB), following an initial open radical nephrectomy for the primary @entity5 . Clinical and histopathological data were collected prospectively and analysed retrospectively. Seven @entity1 were treated by a transperitoneal approach and two @entity1 had a retroperitoneal approach. RESULTS: Relapse occurred within a mean time of 83 months (7-168) following nephrectomy. Recurrent @entity5 size varied from 2.5 to 4.5 cm. All surgeries were performed laparoscopically without need for conversion. Mean operative duration was 144 min (40-240), mean estimated @entity190 was 430 mL (50-1300) and mean hospital stay was 4.5 days (3-6). Three @entity1 had Clavien grade I intraoperative complications. Late complications were noted in two @entity1 (Clavien I and IIIb). Pathology confirmed @entity1358 in all @entity1 with an absence of sarcomatoid features and negative surgical margins. Three @entity1 had neoadjuvant treatment and two @entity1 had adjuvant treatment. In all, 67% of @entity1 were disease free with a mean follow-up period of 3 years. CONCLUSIONS: Surgical removal of isolated local recurrence remains the only possibility of cure in @entity1 with @entity1358 . We demonstrated that the laparoscopic approach is a safe and feasible alternative treatment option for selected cases with low morbidity and satisfactory oncological outcomes.

title: Feasibility and oncological outcomes of laparoscopic treatment for local relapse of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['renal cell carcinoma', 'clear cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity703 :: ('MESH:D007680', 'Disease') :: ['renal tumour']

answer: @entity1358 :: (MESH:D002292,Disease) :: ['renal cell carcinoma']


abstract: The ETS family members display specific DNA binding site preferences. As an example, @entity7764 and @entity12136 recognize different DNA sequences with a core element centered over 5'-GGAA-3' and 5'-GGAA/T-3', respectively. To understand the molecular basis of this recognition, we carried out site-directed mutagenesis experiments followed by DNA binding studies that use electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) and surface plasmon resonance methods. EMSA experiments identified @entity535 changes @entity49281 and/or @entity49282 as being important for @entity7764 recognition of both 5'-GGAA-3' and 5'-GGAT-3' containing oligonucleotides. To confirm these data and obtain accurate binding parameters, we performed kinetic studies using surface plasmon resonance on these mutants. The @entity49282 substitution revealed a weak protein-DNA interaction with the 5'-GGAA-3' containing oligonucleotide caused by a faster release of the protein from the DNA (k(off) tenfold higher than the wild-type protein). With the double mutant @entity49281 - @entity49282 , we obtained an increase in binding affinity and stability toward both 5'-GGAA-3' and 5'-GGAT-3' containing oligonucleotides. We propose that substitution of @entity493 for @entity563 introduces an @entity26 atom that can accept @entity3884 and interact with potential water molecules or other atoms to make an energetically favorable @entity3884 bond with both 5'-GGAA-3' and 5'-GGAT-3' oligonucleotides. The free energy of dissociation for the double mutant @entity49281 - @entity49282 with 5'-GGAA-3' (delta deltaG(( @entity49281 - @entity49282 ) - ( @entity49282 )) = -1.2 kcal mol confirm the stabilizing effect of this mutant in the protein-DNA complex formation. We conclude that @entity49282 mutation relaxes the specificity toward 5'-GGAA-3' and 5'-GGAT-3' sequences, while @entity49281 mutation modulates the degree of specificity toward 5'-GGAA-3' and 5'GGAT-3' sequences. This study explains why wild-type @entity7764 does not recognize 5'-GGAT-3' sequences and in addition broadens our understanding of 5'-GGAA/T-3' recognition by ETS protein family members.

title: Mutants of ETS domain XXXX and GGAA/T recognition: free energies and kinetics.

entities_list: @entity3884 :: ('MESH:D006859', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrogen']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity563 :: ('CHEBI:17822', 'Chemical') :: ['serine']

entities_list: @entity493 :: ('CHEBI:16449', 'Chemical') :: ['alanine']

answer: @entity7764 :: (6688,Gene) :: ['PU.1']


abstract: BACKGROUND: It has been proposed that antioxidants may prevent cellular damage in the retina by reacting with free radicals that are produced in the process of light absorption. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this review was to assess the effects of antioxidant @entity2221 or mineral supplementation, or both, on the progression of @entity1020 ( @entity1020 ). SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) in The Cochrane Library (2005, Issue 4); MEDLINE (1966 to January 2006); SIGLE (1980 to March 2005); EMBASE (1980 to January 2005); NRR (2005, Issue 4); AMED (1985 to January 2006); and PubMed (24 January 2006 covering last 60 days), reference lists of identified reports and the Science Citation Index. We contacted investigators and experts in the field for details of unpublished studies. SELECTION CRITERIA: We included randomised trials comparing antioxidant vitamin or mineral supplemention (alone or in combination) to a control intervention in @entity1 with @entity1020 . DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: The author extracted data and assessed trial quality. Where appropriate, data were pooled using a random-effects model unless three or fewer trials were available in which case a fixed-effects model was used. MAIN RESULTS: Eight trials were included in this review. The majority of @entity1 were randomised in one trial (AREDS in the USA) that found a beneficial effect of antioxidant ( @entity2066 , @entity620 and @entity270 ) and @entity219 supplementation on progression to advanced @entity1020 (adjusted odds ratio 0.68, 99% confidence interval 0.49 to 0.93). @entity1 taking supplements were less likely to lose 15 or more letters of visual acuity (adjusted odds ratio 0.77, 99% confidence interval 0.58 to 1.03). Hospitalisation for genito-urinary problems was more common in @entity1 taking @entity219 and yellowing of skin was more common in people taking antioxidants. The other trials were, in general, small and the results were inconsistent. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: The evidence as to the effectiveness of antioxidant vitamin and mineral supplementation in halting the progression of @entity1020 comes mainly from one large trial in the USA. The generalisability of these findings to other populations with different nutritional status is not known. Further large, well-conducted randomised controlled trials in other populations are required. Long-term harm from supplementation cannot be ruled out. @entity2066 has been found to increase the risk of @entity2 in smokers; @entity270 has been associated with an increased risk of @entity712 in @entity1 with @entity455 or @entity6 .

title: Antioxidant vitamin and mineral supplements for slowing the progression of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['People', 'people']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular disease']

entities_list: @entity2066 :: ('MESH:D019207', 'Chemical') :: ['Beta-carotene', 'beta-carotene']

entities_list: @entity270 :: ('MESH:D014810', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin E']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity620 :: ('MESH:D001205', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin C']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity2221 :: ('CHEBI:33229', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin']

entities_list: @entity1020 :: ('MESH:D008268', 'Disease') :: ['AMD', 'age-related macular degeneration']

answer: @entity1020 :: (MESH:D008268,Disease) :: ['age-related macular degeneration']


abstract: The "crush technique" has been proposed as an alternative approach to treat bifurcation lesions because of its predictability and high procedural success rate. However, few data are available regarding its safety and long-term efficacy. We report the long-term clinical outcomes of @entity1 with @entity301 treated with @entity3446 -eluting stents using the crush technique. From April 2003 to May 2004, 120 @entity1 with @entity301 were treated with @entity3446 -eluting stents using the crush technique. Six months of clinical follow-up was completed in 95.8% of @entity1 . Mean @entity1 age was 64 years; 36% had @entity6 , and the left anterior descending artery/diagonal was the most frequent bifurcation location (69%). Final kissing balloon inflation was performed in 87.5% of @entity1 . Compared with the main vessel, side @entity75 were shorter, with a smaller reference diameter and final in-stent minimum lumen diameter. Procedural success was achieved in 97.5%. At 30 days of follow-up, 1 @entity1 had died of noncardiac causes and 2 @entity1 (1.7%) had subacute stent @entity715 . At 6 months of follow-up, @entity75 revascularization was required in 13 @entity1 (11.3%), all of whom had focal restenosis predominantly at the side branch ostium. In conclusion, the crush technique with final kissing balloon inflation can be safely used by experienced operators to treat highly complex bifurcation lesions with @entity3446 -eluting stents. The safety profile of this technique is similar to that of other bifurcation stenting techniques reported thus far. Nonetheless, despite the excellent patency rates of the main vessel, the need for revascularization at the ostium of the side branch was not fully eliminated.

title: A prospective registry to evaluate @entity3446 -eluting stents implanted at XXXX using the "crush technique".

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary bifurcation lesions']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['branch lesions', 'target lesion']

entities_list: @entity3446 :: ('MESH:D020123', 'Chemical') :: ['sirolimus']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

answer: @entity301 :: (MESH:D003327,Disease) :: ['coronary bifurcation lesions']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Pathologic condition associated with @entity209 traits seems to increase the risk of @entity14 . One mechanism underlying this relationship may involve the growth-promoting effects of the circulation hormones associated with @entity28 and insulin resistance, such as @entity1243 . METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: A two-stage case-control study was used to explore the role of polymorphisms of @entity1243 ( @entity1243 ) and @entity13156 ( @entity13156 ), either alone or in combination with environmental factors in @entity14 . In stage 1, 20 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that tag common SNPs in these two genes were genotyped among 470 cases and 458 controls. In stage 2, another population with 314 cases and 355 controls were genotyped for the two most promising SNPs from stage 1. @entity13156 @entity47662 only presented modestly increased @entity14 risk, with odds ratios of 1.41 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.13-1.76) and 1.74 (95%CI 1.08-2.81) for GA and AA genotype when compared with GG genotype in combined population. Smokers carrying @entity13156 @entity47662 A allele presented 1.67-fold (95%CI 1.39-fold to 2.01-fold) increased @entity14 risk when compared with non-smokers carrying GG genotype in combined analysis. Individuals with family history of @entity5 harboring @entity13156 @entity47662 A allele showed 1.52-fold (95%CI: 1.24-fold to 1.86-fold) increased @entity14 risk, compared with individuals without family history of @entity5 harboring GG genotype. Multifactor gene-environment interaction analysis revealed significant interactions among @entity13156 @entity47662 , @entity13156 @entity47663 , smoking status and family history of @entity5 , exhibiting a gradient of increased @entity14 risk along with the increasing number of risk factors (P = 9.82   10(-10)). CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Our research supports that polymorphisms in @entity13156 may be associated with marginal increase in the risk for @entity14 . Moreover, this association could be strengthened by cigarette smoking and family history of @entity5 .

title: The @entity1243 gene family and @entity14 : interaction with smoking behavior and family history of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity13156 :: ('3953', 'Gene') :: ['Leptin receptor', 'LEPR']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal carcinogenesis', 'colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic syndrome']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: The amyloid beta-protein ( @entity15370 ) is the main component of @entity195 . Although @entity15370 is associated with the development of @entity195 , it has not been shown which forms of @entity15370 induce @entity179 in vivo and which types of neurons are vulnerable. To address these questions, we implanted @entity18516 crystals into the left frontocentral cortex of APP23 @entity19 overexpressing mutant @entity1 APP (amyloid precursor protein gene) and of littermate controls. Traced commissural neurons in layer III of the right frontocentral cortex were quantified in 3-, 5-, 11- and 15-month-old @entity19 . Three different types of commissural neurons were traced. At 3 months of age no differences in the number of labelled commissural neurons were seen in APP23 @entity19 compared with wild-type @entity19 . A selective reduction of the heavily ramified type of neurons was observed in APP23 @entity19 compared with wild-type animals at 5, 11 and 15 months of age, starting when the first @entity15370 -deposits occurred in the frontocentral cortex at 5 months. The other two types of commissural neurons did not show alterations at 5 and 11 months. At 15 months, the number of traced sparsely ramified pyramidal neurons was reduced in addition to that of the heavily ramified neurons in APP23 @entity19 compared with wild-type @entity19 . At this time @entity15370 -deposits were seen in the neo- and allocortex as well as in the basal ganglia and the thalamus. In summary, our results show that @entity15370 induces progressive degeneration of distinct types of commissural neurons. Degeneration of the most vulnerable neurons starts in parallel with the occurrence of the first fibrillar @entity15370 -deposits in the neocortex, that is, with the detection of aggregated @entity15370 . The involvement of additional neuronal subpopulations is associated with the expansion of @entity15370 -deposition into further brain regions. The vulnerability of different types of neurons to @entity15370 , thereby, is presumably related to the complexity of their dendritic morphology.

title: Selective vulnerability of different types of commissural neurons for amyloid beta-protein-induced XXXX in APP23 @entity19 correlates with dendritic tree morphology.

entities_list: @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mice', 'transgenic mice']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['neurodegeneration']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["Alzheimer's disease-related senile plaques", "Alzheimer's disease"]

answer: @entity179 :: (MESH:D019636,Disease) :: ['neurodegeneration']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To report the interval @entity5 rate for BreastScreen Victoria. DESIGN: Electronic linkage of Breast Screen Victoria records with those of the Victorian Cancer Registry. Interval @entity5 were expressed as a proportion of the underlying incidence (proportional incidence), and the sensitivity as the number of screen detected invasive @entity0 divided by the total number of invasive @entity0 diagnosed in the screening interval. SETTING: Victoria, Australia where biennial screening is provided to @entity1 aged 40 and older. SUBJECTS: Victorian @entity1 aged 40-79 who attended first round screening in 1994 (103,023 @entity1 ) and 1995 (107,057 @entity1 ). RESULTS: The sensitivity of screening mammography for the two year interval increased with age (p for trend < 0.001) and was 49.4% in @entity1 aged 40-49, 68.6% in 50-59 year old @entity1 , 80.7% in 60-69 year old @entity1 , and 85.2% in @entity1 aged 70-79. The proportional incidence in the first year after screening was 59% in 40-49 year old @entity1 and 27% in @entity1 aged 50-69. In the second year the proportional incidence was 93% in 40-49 year old @entity1 and 54% in @entity1 aged 50-69. CONCLUSIONS: Interval @entity5 comprise such a large proportion of the expected number of @entity5 in 40-49 year old @entity1 that the benefit of screening is likely to be low. For @entity1 aged 50-69, the proportional incidence found in this study was similar to those found in the UK programmes.

title: XXXX in an Australian mammographic screening programme.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'cancers']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancers']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Monitoring interval cancers']


abstract: Seventeen right-handed @entity1 suffering from @entity2026 caused by a @entity64 in the left-hemisphere were studied. Passive @entity3493 auditory event related potential paradigm was applied every months for 6 months. Aachen subtests were used for evaluating comprehension. Only a minority of the @entity1 displayed the @entity3493 at the baseline. Those @entity1 had the best outcome at the Aachen comprehension subtest. Latency and amplitude changed over time in an unpredictable way. The number of @entity1 presenting with the @entity3493 also fluctuated, since some @entity1 could regain the potential, whereas some other @entity1 could lose that from month to month. Passive @entity3493 is a monitor of recovery following @entity2026 . A single passive @entity3493 recording is useful for prognostic purposes. Repairing mechanisms in the first 6 months have a non-linear trend.

title: The role of @entity3493 in the recovery of post- @entity64 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2026 :: ('MESH:D001037', 'Disease') :: ['global aphasia']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['recent stroke']

answer: @entity2026 :: (MESH:D001037,Disease) :: ['global aphasia']


abstract: Monitoring extracellular metabolites of bacteria is very useful for not only metabolomics research but also for assessment of the effects of various chemicals, including antimicrobial agents and drugs. Herein, we describe the automated headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) method coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC- @entity15 ) for the qualitative as well as semi-quantitative determination of metabolic responses of @entity526 to an antimicrobial agent, @entity7655 . The minimum inhibitory concentration of @entity7655 was calculated to be 2 g L(-1). We found that @entity7655 was an important factor influencing the metabolic profile and growth process. A higher number of metabolites were observed during the mid-logarithmic growth phase. The metabolite variations (types and concentrations) induced by @entity7655 were dependent on both cell density and the dose of @entity7655 . Simultaneously, 25 different metabolites were separated and detected (e.g., @entity104 , alkane, @entity167 , organic acids, @entity14743 , etc.) in headspace of complex biological samples due to intermittent addition of high dose of @entity7655 . The study was done using an automated system, thereby minimizing manual workup and indicating the potential of the method for high-throughput analysis. These findings enhanced the understanding of the metabolic responses of @entity526 to @entity7655 shock effect and demonstrated the effectiveness of the SPME-GC- @entity15 based metabolomics approach to study such a complex biological system.

title: Automated SPME-GC- XXXX monitoring of headspace metabolomic responses of @entity526 to biologically active components extracted by the coating.

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity7655 :: ('MESH:C012843', 'Chemical') :: ['cinnamaldehyde']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli', 'E. coli']

answer: @entity15 :: (MESH:D009103,Disease) :: ['MS']


abstract: The objectives of this study were to select and initially characterize mutants of @entity1460 ( @entity1460 . cv Williams) with decreased ability to reduce @entity1507 . Selection involved a chlorate screen of approximately 12,000 seedlings (progeny of mutagenized seed) and subsequent analyses for low @entity1507 @entity35813 (LNR) activity. Three lines, designated LNR-2, LNR-3, and LNR-4, were selected by this procedure.In growth chamber studies, the fully expanded first trifoliolate leaf from @entity8326 (-)-grown LNR-2, LNR-3, and LNR-4 plants had approximately 50% of the wild-type NR activity. Leaves from @entity1133 -grown LNR-2, LNR-3, and LNR-4 plants had no NR activity while leaves from comparable wild-type plants had considerable activity; the latter activity does not require the presence of @entity8326 (-) in the nutrient solution for induction and on this basis is tentatively considered as a constitutive enzyme. Summation of constitutive ( @entity1133 -grown wild-type plants) and inducible ( @entity8326 (-)-grown LNR-2, LNR-3, or LNR-4 plants) leaf NR activities approximated activity in leaves of @entity8326 (-)-grown wild-type plants. Root NR activities were comparable in wild-type and mutant plants grown on @entity8326 (-), and roots of both plant types lacked constitutive NR activity when grown on @entity1133 . In both growth chamber- and field-grown plants, @entity28600 of @entity1568 [NO((x))] were evolved from young leaves of wild-type plants, but not from leaves of LNR-2 plants, during in vivo NR assays. Analysis of leaves from different canopy locations showed that constitutive NR activity was confined to the youngest three fully expanded leaves of the wild-type plant and, therefore, on a total plant canopy basis, the NR activity of LNR-2 plants was approximately 75% that of wild-type plants. It is concluded that: (a) the NR activity in leaves of @entity8326 (-)-grown wild-type plants includes both constitutive and inducible activity; (b) the missing NR activity in LNR-2, LNR-3, and LNR-4 leaves is the constitutive component; and (c) the constitutive NR activity is associated with NO((x)) evolution and occurs only in physiologically young leaves.

title: XXXX mutants lacking constitutive @entity1507 @entity35813 activity : I. Selection and initial plant characterization.

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen']

entities_list: @entity1507 :: ('CHEBI:48107', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrate']

entities_list: @entity1460 :: ('3847', 'Species') :: ['soybean', 'Glycine max L. Merr']

answer: @entity1460 :: (3847,Species) :: ['Soybean']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity74 will be experienced in most @entity1 who are treated for @entity263 . Baseline rates of @entity74 are unknown in @entity1 at risk for @entity263 . Therefore, we explored the prevalence of those disorders and associated bother in @entity1 without evidence of @entity263 who participated in an @entity263 screening event. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cohort of 1,273 @entity1 without clinical evidence of @entity263 completed the self-administered Danish Prostate Symptom Score for @entity250 . This questionnaire quantifies the rate of reduced ejaculatory volume, @entity158 and the rate of coexistent @entity323 . RESULTS: Mean age was 57.6 years (range 40 to 89). Of all @entity1 46% (563) had reduced ejaculatory volume and 66% (356) of affected @entity1 were bothered by this condition. @entity158 was reported in 11% (134) and 89% (118) of these @entity1 reported associated bother. Finally, 45% (554) reported @entity323 and 73% (403) reported associated bother. Reduced ejaculatory volume was associated with @entity323 (p<0.001) and advanced age (p<0.001). @entity158 was not associated with one of these variables. CONCLUSIONS: Virtually all @entity1 will be affected by @entity74 after definitive treatment for @entity263 . Therefore, it is important to observe that half of these individuals already have underlying reduced ejaculatory volume before treatment. Moreover, 1 of 10 @entity1 will be affected by @entity158 . Both disorders are a significant source of bother and should be considered when treatment related quality of life is assessed.

title: XXXX may affect screening for @entity263 .

entities_list: @entity323 :: ('MESH:D007172', 'Disease') :: ['erectile dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['localized prostate cancer', 'prostate cancer', 'annual prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['Ejaculatory disorders', 'ejaculatory disorders']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['Ejaculatory pain', 'ejaculatory pain']

entities_list: @entity250 :: ('MESH:D012735', 'Disease') :: ['sexual dysfunction']

answer: @entity74 :: (MESH:D030342,Disease) :: ['Ejaculatory disorders']


abstract: @entity12487 - and @entity6931 -dependent chemiluminescence [(LC-CL) and (LM-CL)] in nondiluted @entity1 blood was studied. LM-CL was @entity551 and disappeared after its storage for 3 h, though the @entity1576 ( @entity1576 ) stimulation in blood was followed by high intensity and long-lasting LM-CL. LC-CL was high in fresh blood and was steadily increasing with blood storage. Blood dilution with saline resulted in LC-CL attenuation and LM-CL elevation. LC-CL did not depend on air supply to blood, while LM-CL elevation during @entity1576 needed constant blood aeration. The results suggest that besides a well-known mechanism of reactive @entity26 species production by neutrophils during @entity1576 , another process of electron excited state generation reflected by LC-CL operates in blood. It needs blood integrity for its manifestation and uses @entity26 supplied by erythrocytes. Dynamic system properties of blood were revealed also in experiments with blood transfer from one sample to another in the course of @entity1576 . Highly nonlinear changes of CL intensity both in a "donor" and in a "recipient" sample resulted in strong differences in CL levels in two samples, one of which was prepared by blood subtraction, and another by blood addition. We suggest that CL data from measurements on nondiluted blood may be informative of integrative properties of blood tissue in addition to its being a measure of some sort of oxidative metabolism in it.    1999 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers.

title: Low-level chemiluminescent analysis of nondiluted XXXX blood reveals its dynamic system properties.

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory burst', 'RB']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['low in fresh blood']

entities_list: @entity12487 :: ('MESH:C033472', 'Chemical') :: ['Lucigenin']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity68 overload is a common problem in @entity1 with primary @entity4018 and @entity417 due to transfusion dependency. This results in organ damage and toxic effects on hematopoietic cells in the bone marrow. At present, @entity68 chelation therapy is not recommended in @entity1 with @entity6961 . CASE REPORT: We describe a very interesting development in a @entity1 with primary @entity4018 receiving @entity68 chelation. Transfusion independency and a nearly complete histological remission of the underlying disease occurred within a few weeks of therapy. In addition, a change in molecular genetic findings was observed. Initially a @entity4016 and a @entity39353 mutation were detected in the core biopsy. During and after therapy the @entity39353 mutation progressed, whereas the @entity4016 mutation could no longer be verified. CONCLUSION: The improvement in hematopoiesis might results from reduction of oxidative stress on hematopoietic progenitor cells or other unclear @entity27101 -mediated effects, whereas the reason for the change in molecular genetic findings is unclear. It appears that @entity27101 might have a modulating effect on @entity4016 -kinase mutations. However, further investigation of selective molecular suppression properties of @entity27101 are warranted.

title: Transfusion Independency and Histological Remission in a XXXX with Advanced Primary @entity4018 Receiving @entity68 -Chelation Therapy with @entity27101 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4018 :: ('MESH:D055728', 'Disease') :: ['myelofibrosis']

entities_list: @entity27101 :: ('MESH:C415250', 'Chemical') :: ['deferasirox']

entities_list: @entity6961 :: ('MESH:D009196', 'Disease') :: ['myeloproliferative syndromes']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patient']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Studies have examined whether @entity5 expression of @entity3840 (also known as @entity2247 ), an enzyme inhibited by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as @entity117 , is associated with prognosis in @entity1 with @entity14 . However, results to date have been mixed. METHODS: Using terms for @entity3840 and @entity14 , the Medline, Embase, and Web of Science databases were systematically searched for studies published, in any language, until December 2011. Random effects meta-analyses were used to calculate pooled HRs [95% confidence intervals (CI)] for the association between @entity3840 expression and @entity5 recurrence, @entity14 -specific survival, and overall survival. RESULTS: In total, 29 studies, which had prognostic data on 5,648 @entity1 , met the inclusion criteria. @entity3840 -positive @entity1 were at an increased risk of @entity5 recurrence (n = 9 studies; HR, 2.79; 95% CI, 1.76-4.41; P < 0.001) and had poorer @entity14 -specific survival (n = 7; HR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.02-1.82; P = 0.04). However, there was funnel plot asymmetry, possibly due to publication bias, for the association with @entity5 -specific survival but less so for recurrence. @entity3840 expression was not associated with overall survival [(n = 16; pooled unadjusted HR, 1.30; 95% CI, 0.94-1.79; P = 0.11) and (n = 9; pooled adjusted HR, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.72-1.45; P = 0.91)]. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3840 expression was associated with an increased risk of @entity5 recurrence and poorer @entity14 -specific survival but not overall survival among @entity1 with @entity14 . However, confounding by @entity5 characteristics such as @entity5 stage seems likely. IMPACT: There is insufficient evidence to recommend @entity3840 expression as a prognostic marker in @entity1 with @entity14 . Furthermore, studies providing adjusted results are required.

title: @entity3840 ( @entity3840 ) expression and survival among XXXX @entity1 : a systematic review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: Ras proteins are signal transducers for many cellular responses. However, it is not well established whether Ras-signaling also contributes to apoptosis. We have constructed H-RasR12-transformed Rat1 fibroblasts using @entity803 operator/repressor (TetO/TetR)-based conditional vectors. Rat1/TetO-RasR12 (Rat1-Ras) cells produced high levels of H-RasR12 protein and exhibited oncogenic transformation. Treatment of Rat1-Ras cells with 0.1% serum triggered massive apoptosis. Rat1-Ras cells expressed increased basal activities of @entity3963 ( @entity3963 ) and p46/p54 stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun @entity2733 -terminal kinase ( @entity5183 /JNK). Interestingly, Ras-dependent apoptosis correlated with further persistent activation of both p46 and p54 @entity5183 /JNK and concurrent inhibition of @entity3963 . Differential modulation of @entity5183 /JNK and @entity3963 was not detected in @entity803 -treated cells that did not commit apoptosis. Furthermore, two @entity1836 related proteins of 15 kDa and 18 kDa were highly induced in apoptotic Rat1-Ras cells. Our results establish a direct role for Ras in apoptosis, and suggest a functional relationship between H-Ras, @entity5183 /JNK, @entity3963 and @entity1836 in regulating apoptosis.

title: Ras-dependent apoptosis correlates with persistent activation of stress-activated protein kinases and induction of isoform(s) of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3963 :: ('5594', 'Gene') :: ['extracellular response kinase', 'ERK']

entities_list: @entity803 :: ('MESH:D013752', 'Chemical') :: ['tetracycline']

answer: @entity1836 :: (598,Gene) :: ['Bcl-x']


abstract: PURPOSE: We compared the outcomes of Toupet fundoplication with those of Dor fundoplication in @entity1 with @entity1318 who underwent laparoscopic Heller myotomy. METHODS: Seventy-two @entity1 with @entity1318 and @entity1282 underwent laparoscopic Heller myotomy with fundoplication performed by a single surgeon. @entity11035 ( @entity11035 ) was performed in 30 @entity1 , and @entity11035 ( @entity11035 ) was done in 42. The symptoms and esophageal function were retrospectively assessed in both groups. RESULTS: The @entity1282 scores significantly decreased after both the @entity11035 and @entity11035 procedures, and did not differ significantly between them. The incidence of reflux symptoms was significantly higher after @entity11035 (26.7%) than after @entity11035 (7.1%). The lower esophageal sphincter (LES) resting pressure significantly decreased after both @entity11035 and @entity11035 . Upon endoscopic examination, the incidence of @entity354 was significantly higher after @entity11035 (38.5%) than after @entity11035 (8.8%). During esophageal pH monitoring, the fraction time at pH <4 was similar in the @entity1 who underwent @entity11035 and @entity11035 . CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopic Heller myotomy provided significant improvements in the @entity1282 symptoms of @entity1318 @entity1 , regardless of the type of fundoplication. The incidences of reflux symptoms and @entity354 were higher after @entity11035 than after @entity11035 . However, the results of pH monitoring did not differ between the procedures.

title: Comparison of the Heller-Toupet procedure with the Heller-Dor procedure in XXXX who underwent laparoscopic surgery for @entity1318 .

entities_list: @entity1318 :: ('MESH:D004931', 'Disease') :: ['achalasia']

entities_list: @entity11035 :: ('MESH:C535647', 'Disease') :: ['HT', 'Heller-Dor fundoplication', 'HD', 'Heller-Toupet fundoplication']

entities_list: @entity354 :: ('MESH:D005764', 'Disease') :: ['reflux esophagitis']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['dysphagia']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: A number of natural and recombinant @entity1 cytokines have been tested for their ability to activate basophil and neutrophil adhesiveness for @entity1 umbilical vein endothelial cells in vitro. Coincubation of basophils and endothelial cell monolayers for 10 min with biologically relevant concentrations of rIL-1, natural @entity1199 , @entity12718 , @entity22538 , @entity568 , rIL-8, rGM-CSF, and @entity7270 had no effect on basophil adhesiveness. In contrast, @entity7422 induced basophil adhesiveness for endothelial cells (optimal at 1 ng/ml: 144 +/- 18% of control adherence (mean +/- SEM); control basophil binding, 13 +/- 3%, n = 9, p less than or equal to 0.05). This increase in adhesiveness was similar in magnitude to that induced by an optimal concentration of a known potent inducer of basophil adhesiveness (1 microM @entity5038 , 164 +/- 15% of control adherence, n = 9). Under these experimental conditions, the effects of @entity7422 occurred at concentrations of 0.1 to 30 ng/ml, were partially dependent on @entity460 , and were not accompanied by @entity112 release. Fixation experiments demonstrated that the effect of @entity7422 was directed against the basophil rather than the endothelial cell. Neither @entity7422 nor the other cytokines tested had any effect on the adherence of @entity8680 -labeled neutrophils, even when tested simultaneously on cells from the same donors. Under experimental conditions that permitted @entity112 release, no correlation was seen between the ability of @entity7422 (0.3 to 300 ng/ml) to induce @entity112 release or enhance adhesiveness (n = 8). mAb blocking experiments demonstrated a role for both CD11 and @entity1454 adherence glycoproteins in basophil adherence induced by @entity7422 , and indirect immunofluorescence and flow cytometric analysis revealed that @entity7422 treatment led to rapid and sustained increases in cell surface expression of @entity9536 antigens on basophils but not neutrophils (e.g., after 10 min: 217 +/- 29 vs 91 +/- 11% of control mean fluorescence intensity, p less than 0.05). However, no correlation was seen between the magnitude of changes in @entity9536 expression and changes in adhesion when tested simultaneously. These results suggest that local production of @entity2772 during @entity56 in vivo may selectively promote basophil activation, adhesion to endothelium, and recruitment to extravascular sites of @entity32 .

title: @entity2772 augments adhesiveness for endothelium and @entity9536 expression in XXXX basophils but not neutrophils.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity112 :: ('MESH:D006632', 'Chemical') :: ['histamine']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic reactions']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: Flaxseed (Type I flaxseed) with 51-55% @entity7461 in its oil and richest source of plant @entity16296 , has been shown to reduce @entity731 by 46% without lowering serum lipids. Antiatherogenic activity was claimed to be due to its @entity7461 and/or @entity24829 content. If @entity7461 component of flaxseed is responsible for antiatherogenic activity, then, CDC-flaxseed (Type II flaxseed) which has similar oil and @entity24829 content but has very little (2-3% of the total oil) @entity7461 would have no antiatherogenic effect. An investigation, therefore, was made of Type II flaxseed on high @entity165 diet-induced @entity731 and serum lipids [total @entity165 (TC), @entity1674 (TG), high-density lipoprotein @entity165 (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein @entity165 (LDL-C), very low-density lipoprotein @entity165 (VLDL-C)] in @entity95 . @entity95 were assigned to four groups: Group I, Control; Group II, Type II flaxseed diet (7.5 g/kg orally daily); Group III, 1% @entity165 diet; Group IV, 1% @entity165 diet supplemented with Type II flaxseed (7.5 g/kg orally daily). Blood samples were collected before (0 time) and after 4 and 8 weeks of experimental diets for measurement of serum lipids. Aorta was removed at the end of 8 weeks for assessment of @entity731 plaques. Serum TC, LDL-C, TC/HDL-C, and LDL-C/HDL-C were lower in Group IV as compared to Group III by 14 and 31%, 17 and 32%, 28 and 34% and 24 and 32%, respectively, at 4 and 8 weeks. HDL-C was not affected by Type II flaxseed in @entity753 @entity95 . TG and VLDL-C were markedly increased in Group IV as compared to Group III. Type II flaxseed reduced the development of @entity731 by 69%. Histological changes in the @entity731 regions were qualitatively similar in Groups III and IV. Results indicate that reduction in @entity731 by Type II flaxseed is due to a decrease in serum TC and LDL-C. In conclusion, antiatherogenic activity of Type II flaxseed is not due to @entity7461 .

title: Reduction of @entity731 by CDC-flaxseed with very low XXXX .

entities_list: @entity753 :: ('OMIM:143890', 'Disease') :: ['hypercholesterolemic']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity95 :: ('9986', 'Species') :: ['Rabbits', 'rabbits', 'rabbit']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis', 'hypercholesterolemic atherosclerosis', 'atherosclerotic']

entities_list: @entity7461 :: ('MESH:D017962', 'Chemical') :: ['alpha-linolenic acid']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity7461 :: (MESH:D017962,Chemical) :: ['alpha-linolenic acid']


abstract: The 72-kd type IV collagenase is a member of the collagenase enzyme family that has been closely linked with the invasive phenotype of @entity5 cells. Previous studies have shown that both normal cells and highly invasive @entity5 cells produce the 72-kd type IV procollagenase enzyme in a complexed form consisting of the proenzyme and a novel tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases, @entity1552 . The balance between activated enzyme and available inhibitor is thought to be a critical determinant of the matrix proteolysis associated with a variety of pathologic processes, including @entity5 cell invasion. In the present study, we demonstrate that alteration of the metalloproteinase-metalloproteinase-inhibitor balance in favor of excess inhibitor blocks @entity1 @entity101 cell invasion of a reconstituted basement membrane. The HT-1080 cell line produces both the 72-kd and the 92-kd type IV collagenases. Alteration of the type IV collagenase-inhibitor balance was achieved by addition of free @entity1552 or antibodies to 72-kd type IV collagenase. Native, purified @entity1552 was inhibitory in the range of 1-25 micrograms/mL. Addition of specific antiserum against the 72-kd type IV collagenase, which did not cross-react with the 92-kd type IV collagenase, inhibited HT-1080 cell invasion to the same extent. These results suggest that metalloproteinases, in particular the 72-kd type IV collagenase, are critical for @entity5 cell invasion of the reconstituted basement membrane. Our findings demonstrate that addition of the endogenous inhibitor @entity1552 is able to block invasion. Thus, we recommend initiation of in vivo studies of the therapeutic potential of @entity1552 to block @entity5 cell invasion and intravasation into the circulation.

title: Tumor cell invasion inhibited by XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosarcoma HT-1080 tumor']

answer: @entity1552 :: (7077,Gene) :: ['TIMP-2']


abstract: Sprouty (Spry) proteins are negative feedback modulators of receptor @entity669 kinase pathways in @entity238 and mammals. @entity1 Spry proteins have been shown to undergo @entity669 and @entity563 phosphorylation in response to growth factor stimulation. While several studies have addressed the function of @entity669 phosphorylation of Spry, little is known about the significance of Spry @entity563 phosphorylation. Here we identify @entity23815 ( @entity23815 ) as the kinase that phosphorylates @entity1 @entity5743 ( @entity5743 ) on serines 112 and 121. Mutation of these @entity563 residues to @entity493 or inhibition of @entity23815 activity increases the rate of ligand-induced degradation of @entity5743 . Conversely, enhancement of @entity563 phosphorylation achieved through either the inhibition of cellular phosphatases or the expression of active @entity23815 results in the stabilization of @entity5743 . Previous studies have shown that growth factor stimulation induces the proteolytic degradation of @entity5743 by stimulating @entity669 phosphorylation on @entity5743 , which in turn promotes @entity5315 binding and polyubiquitination. A mutant of @entity5743 that is deficient in @entity563 phosphorylation displays enhanced @entity669 phosphorylation and @entity5315 binding, indicating that @entity563 phosphorylation stabilizes @entity5743 by exerting an antagonistic effect on @entity669 phosphorylation. Moreover, loss of @entity563 phosphorylation and the resulting enhanced degradation of @entity5743 impair its capacity to antagonize fibroblast growth factor-induced extracellular signal-regulated kinase activation. Our results imply that @entity23815 -mediated @entity563 phosphorylation of @entity5743 constitutes a regulatory mechanism to extend the temporal range of Spry activity.

title: Regulation of sprouty stability by XXXX -dependent phosphorylation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'Mammalian']

entities_list: @entity23815 :: ('8569', 'Gene') :: ['Mnk1', 'mitogen-activated protein kinase-interacting kinase 1']

entities_list: @entity563 :: ('CHEBI:17822', 'Chemical') :: ['serine']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

entities_list: @entity493 :: ('CHEBI:16449', 'Chemical') :: ['alanine']

entities_list: @entity238 :: ('7227', 'Species') :: ['Drosophila melanogaster']

answer: @entity23815 :: (8569,Gene) :: ['Mnk1']


abstract: @entity418 remains a highly lethal malignancy for which the genetic and proteomic events are poorly understood. Studies have reported dysregulated proteins in @entity418 ; however, the magnitude of these changes remains largely uncharacterized. Little is known about alterations early in the neoplastic pathway. Using multiplex tissue immunoblotting, we quantified the expression of seven proteins in esophageal carcinogenesis. Regions of normal, @entity1141 , and @entity189 of the squamous esophagus in six @entity1 were characterized. Pan-cytokeratin (CK) was essentially unchanged across the transition (0.96 in @entity1141 and 0.69 in @entity5 ). Expression levels of @entity216 , @entity14959 , and CK-14 were all decreased in @entity1141 and @entity5 compared with normal (reference, 1.00): @entity216 , 0.30 in @entity1141 and 0.15 in @entity5 ; @entity14959 , 0.20 in @entity1141 and 0.16 in @entity5 ; and CK-14, 0.54 in @entity1141 and 0.40 in @entity5 . Expression of two proteins was @entity101 and @entity5 versus normal: @entity3840 in @entity1141 and 2.32 in @entity5 and @entity876 , 1.29 in @entity1141 and 2.37 in @entity5 . Secreted protein, acidic and rich in @entity462 , which is expressed in the adjacent stroma, was 1.56-fold higher in stroma underlying @entity1141 and 6.20-fold increased in @entity6349 surrounding invasive @entity5 . These findings suggest that changes in protein expression can be detected during the transition to @entity1141 and may be useful biomarkers.

title: A multiplex tissue immunoblotting assay for proteomic profiling: a pilot study of the normal to XXXX transition of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity462 :: ('MESH:D003545', 'Chemical') :: ['cysteine']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['increased in dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity6349 :: ('MESH:D004416', 'Disease') :: ['dysplastic stroma']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['invasive carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity418 :: ('MESH:D004938', 'Disease') :: ['Esophageal cancer', 'esophageal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['dysplasia']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumor']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The de novo @entity7391 -biosynthesis pathway of @entity3964 is a promising target for antimalarial drug discovery. The parasite requires a supply of @entity3042 and @entity6245 for growth and proliferation and is unable to take up @entity6245 from the host. Direct (or indirect) inhibition of de novo @entity7391 biosynthesis via @entity44197 dehydrogenase (PfDHODH), the fourth enzyme of the pathway, has already been shown to be lethal to the parasite. In the second step of the plasmodial @entity7391 -synthesis pathway, @entity5906 and @entity12116 are condensed to @entity48574 and inorganic @entity4613 by @entity5906 transcarbamoylase (PfATC). In this paper, the 2.5      resolution crystal structure of PfATC is reported. The space group of the PfATC crystals was determined to be monoclinic P21, with unit-cell parameters a = 87.0, b = 103.8, c = 87.1     , a = 90.0, b = 117.7, y = 90.0  . The presented PfATC model shares a high degree of homology with the catalytic domain of @entity526 ATC. There is as yet no evidence of the existence of a regulatory domain in PfATC. Similarly to @entity526 ATC, PfATC was modelled as a homotrimer in which each of the three active sites is formed at the oligomeric interface. Each active site comprises residues from two adjacent subunits in the trimer with a high degree of evolutional conservation. Here, the activity loss owing to mutagenesis of the key active-site residues is also described.

title: Crystal structure of truncated @entity5906 transcarbamoylase from XXXX .

entities_list: @entity48574 :: ('CHEBI:15859', 'Chemical') :: ['N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate']

entities_list: @entity12116 :: ('MESH:D002221', 'Chemical') :: ['carbamoyl phosphate']

entities_list: @entity44197 :: ('MESH:C004768', 'Chemical') :: ['dihydroorotate']

entities_list: @entity6245 :: ('MESH:D011743', 'Chemical') :: ['pyrimidines']

entities_list: @entity3964 :: ('5833', 'Species') :: ['Plasmodium falciparum']

entities_list: @entity7391 :: ('MESH:C030986', 'Chemical') :: ['pyrimidine']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli', 'E. coli']

answer: @entity3964 :: (5833,Species) :: ['Plasmodium falciparum']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Cyanotic @entity1 have potentially decreased tissue @entity26 tension. Cytochrome oxidase catalyzes the reduction of @entity26 and is integral to @entity855 production. Cytochrome oxidase subunit I, the active site, is encoded by mitochondrial DNA. Using a newborn @entity1707 model of chronic @entity519 , we evaluated ventricular cytochrome oxidase subunit I mRNA and protein expression and assessed cytochrome oxidase activity. METHODS: Thirty-two newborn piglets underwent thoracotomy and placement of a pulmonary artery-to-left atrium shunt or sham operation. Two weeks later, partial pressure of arterial @entity26 , hematocrit, and left ventricular shortening fraction values were compared with baseline values. Northern blot hybridization and protein immunoblotting for ventricular cytochrome oxidase subunit I were performed. Cytochrome oxidase kinetic activity was measured. Heme a,a3 content and turnover number were determined. Significance was assessed with a t test. RESULTS: Baseline partial pressure of arterial @entity26 and hematocrit values were similar. Hypoxemic piglets had a lower partial pressure of arterial @entity26 of 38 +/- 10 mm Hg (P < .001) and higher hematocrit value of 31.4% +/- 2.9% (P < .001) compared with a partial pressure of arterial @entity26 of 140 +/- 47 mm Hg and hematocrit value of 24.6% +/- 3.9% after the sham operation. Baseline and postprocedure left ventricular shortening fraction were similar within and between groups. @entity519 increased right ventricular and left ventricular cytochrome oxidase I mRNA and protein by more than 1.4-fold. Cytochrome oxidase activity increased significantly in @entity519 by 2.5-fold compared with that seen after the sham operation. Heme a,a3 content and turnover number increased by 1.5-fold during @entity519 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity519 increases cytochrome oxidase I message, protein expression, and activity. The increase in kinetics was due to increased enzyme content and catalytic activity. This is a possible adaptive mechanism that might preserve organ function during chronic @entity519 .

title: XXXX increases myocardial cytochrome oxidase.

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxemia', 'Chronic hypoxemia']

entities_list: @entity855 :: ('MESH:D000255', 'Chemical') :: ['adenosine triphosphate']

answer: @entity519 :: (MESH:D000860,Disease) :: ['Chronic hypoxemia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We examined the association between long work hours, assembly line work and stress-related diseases utilizing objective health and employment data from an employer's administrative databases. METHODS: A North American automobile manufacturing company provided data for claims for sickness, accident and disability insurance (work absence of at least 4 days) for @entity65 ( @entity65 ), @entity101 and @entity74 , employee demographics, and facility hours worked per year for 1996-2001. Age-adjusted claim rates and age-adjusted rate ratios were calculated using Poisson regression, except for comparisons between production and skilled trades workers owing to lack of age denominator data by job category. Associations between overtime hours and claim rates by facility were examined by Poisson regression and multi-level Poisson regression. RESULTS: Claims for @entity101 , @entity301 , @entity65 , and @entity74 were associated with facility overtime hours. We estimate that a facility with 10 more overtime hours per week than another facility would have 4.36 more claims for @entity74 , 2.33 more claims for @entity65 , and 3.29 more claims for @entity101 @entity307 ,000 employees per year. Assembly plants had the highest rates of claims for most conditions. Production workers tended to have higher rates of claims than skilled trades workers. CONCLUSIONS: Data from an auto manufacturer's administrative databases suggest that autoworkers working long hours, and assembly-line workers relative to skilled trades workers or workers in non-assembly facilities, have a higher risk of @entity101 , @entity65 , and @entity74 . @entity3675 surveillance and disease prevention programs need to fully utilize such administrative data.

title: Disability rates for cardiovascular and XXXX among autoworkers by job category, facility type, and facility overtime hours.

entities_list: @entity3675 :: ('MESH:D009784', 'Disease') :: ['Occupational disease']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary heart disease']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['psychological disorders']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['CVD', 'cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity74 :: (MESH:D030342,Disease) :: ['psychological disorders']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical features and natural course of idiopathic @entity305 . DESIGN: Prognostic and descriptive cohort study. SETTING: University Hospital, Utrecht, the Netherlands. METHOD: 75 @entity1 (46 @entity1 , 29 @entity1 ) with a mean age of 56.5 years at onset of symptoms were clinically investigated during two years. RESULTS: The features of chronic idiopathic @entity305 were heterogeneous. Clinically, 44 @entity1 had a sensorimotor, 29 @entity1 a sensory and 2 @entity1 a motor @entity305 . Electrophysiological and nerve biopsy studies were compatible with an axonal @entity305 . The overall clinical course was slowly progressive. None of the @entity1 became severely disabled. After one year of follow up one @entity1 proved to have a @entity16 . In the other 74 @entity1 no cause for the @entity305 was found even after 2 years of follow-up. CONCLUSION: Chronic idiopathic @entity305 is a heterogeneous entity, leading to only slight disability. The @entity16 is due to @entity528 .

title: [Course of chronic idiopathic XXXX during middle age and older: 2-year follow-up study].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['hereditary neuropathy', 'neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['axonal degeneration']

entities_list: @entity305 :: ('MESH:D011115', 'Disease') :: ['polyneuropathy']

answer: @entity305 :: (MESH:D011115,Disease) :: ['polyneuropathy']


abstract: Few cases of premature @entity1 with classical @entity814 ( @entity814 ) have been reported. Treatment of these @entity1 is challenging due to the lack of a @entity815 ( @entity815 )-free @entity535 (AA) solution for parenteral nutrition. A @entity1 born at 27 weeks of gestation with a weight of 1000 g was diagnosed with classical @entity814 on day 7 because of highly elevated @entity815 level at newborn screening (2800   mol/L). @entity815 intake was suspended for 5 days and during this time intravenous @entity413 and lipids as well as small amounts of @entity815 -free formula through nasogastric tube were given. Because of insufficient @entity1017 attributable to deficiency of essential AA, a @entity815 -reduced, @entity18200 -enriched parenteral nutrition was added to satisfy AA requirements without overloading in @entity815 . Under this regimen, the @entity1 started to gain weight, @entity815 plasma levels progressively reduced and normalized on day 19. At the age of 40 months, the @entity1 shows normal growth parameters (height 25th percentile, weight 25-50(th) percentile, head circumference 50(th) percentile) with a normal result for formally tested psychomotor development (WPPSI-III). The good outcome of the @entity1 in spite of over 2 weeks of extremely high @entity815 concentrations suggests that the premature brain may still have enough plasticity to recover. Lacking a @entity815 -free intravenous AA solution, successful management of premature @entity1 with @entity814 depends on the @entity1 's tolerance of enteral nutrition. Although the coincidence of @entity814 and @entity3465 is rare, there is strong need for the development of an appropriate @entity815 -free @entity535 solution for parenteral nutrition especially in case of gastro-intestinal complications of @entity3465 .

title: Born at 27 weeks of gestation with classical @entity814 : challenges of dietetic management in a very preterm XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'infants', 'boy', 'child']

entities_list: @entity3465 :: ('MESH:C536271', 'Disease') :: ['prematurity']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity814 :: ('MESH:D010661', 'Disease') :: ['PKU', 'phenylketonuria']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['weight gain']

entities_list: @entity815 :: ('CHEBI:28044', 'Chemical') :: ['Phe', 'phenylalanine']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['infant']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity9718 ( @entity9718 ) is a @entity179 characterized by progressive @entity508 and @entity427 of the lower limbs. Often, @entity1 with @entity9718 experience symptoms of @entity409 . Urodynamic evaluations of these @entity1 are rarely reported in the literature and the etiology of @entity409 remains unclear. The present study characterizes lower urinary tract dysfunction in a large series of @entity1 . METHODS: The medical records of 29 @entity9718 @entity1 who underwent urodynamic evaluation were retrospectively analyzed. The history of lower urinary tract symptoms was noted and the urodynamic findings analyzed. RESULTS: Urgency was the most dominant complaint (72.4%), followed by frequency (65.5%), @entity322 (55.2%) and hesitancy (51.7%). The urodynamic findings showed signs of central @entity1494 in 24 @entity1 (82.7%), with detrusor overactivity (DO) in 15 @entity1 (51.7%) and detrusor @entity1690 (DSD) in 19 (65.5%). Post-void residual (PVR) of >10% of the voided volume was found in 12 @entity1 (41.4%). There were significant relationships between detrusor overactivity and PVR (P=0.005), frequency (P=0.046) and @entity2183 (P=0.045). Ultrasound examination revealed no upper urinary tract complications. CONCLUSION: Despite the presence of DO and DSD, @entity9718 @entity1 do not seem to have a high risk of developing ultrasonographically-assessed upper urinary tract complications after a mean follow-up of 22 years, contrary to @entity1566 population. These results may guide practitioners in their decision-making about the appropriate evaluation and treatment of @entity1494 that accompany @entity9718 .

title: @entity1494 in XXXX : a clinical and urodynamic evaluation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity9718 :: ('MESH:D015419', 'Disease') :: ['Hereditary spastic paraplegia', 'HSP', 'hereditary spastic paraplegia']

entities_list: @entity1690 :: ('MESH:D046628', 'Disease') :: ['sphincter dyssynergia']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['urinary incontinence']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['neurogenic bladder', 'bladder disturbances']

entities_list: @entity508 :: ('MESH:D009128', 'Disease') :: ['spasticity']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['voiding dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['degenerative central nervous system disorder']

entities_list: @entity1566 :: ('MESH:D013119', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord injury']

entities_list: @entity427 :: ('MESH:D012021', 'Disease') :: ['hyperreflexia']

answer: @entity9718 :: (MESH:D015419,Disease) :: ['hereditary spastic paraplegia']


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: Case report. BACKGROUND: Postpartum @entity1643 may be caused by an incomplete recovery of abdominal musculature and impaired neuromuscular control. The purpose of this report is to describe the management of a postpartum runner with hip and @entity1643 through exercise training via ultrasound imaging (USI) biofeedback combined with running-form modification. CASE DESCRIPTION: A postpartum runner with hip and @entity1643 underwent dynamic lumbar stabilization training with USI biofeedback and running-form modification to reduce mechanical loading. Muscle thickness of transversus abdominis and internal oblique was measured with USI preintervention and 7 weeks after completion of the intervention. Additionally, 3-dimensional lower extremity joint motions, moments, and powers were calculated during treadmill running. OUTCOMES: The @entity1 's @entity158 with running decreased from a constant 9/10 (0, no @entity158 ; 10, @entity158 ) to an occasional 3/10 posttreatment. Transversus abdominis muscle thickness increased 6.3% during the abdominal drawing-in maneuver and 27.0% during the abdominal drawing-in maneuver with straight leg raise. Changes were also noted in the internal oblique. These findings corresponded to improved lumbopelvic control: pelvic list and @entity717 during running decreased 38% and 36%, respectively. The @entity1 's running volume returned to preinjury levels (8.1-9.7 km, 3 days per week) with no @entity158 and minimal @entity1643 , and she successfully completed her goal of running a half-marathon. DISCUSSION: The successful outcomes of this case support the consideration of dynamic lumbar stabilization exercises, USI biofeedback, and running-form modification in postpartum runners with @entity409 . LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapy, level 4.

title: XXXX in a postpartum runner: applying ultrasound imaging and running analysis.

entities_list: @entity1643 :: ('MESH:D017116', 'Disease') :: ['low back and hip dysfunction', 'low back pain']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['lumbopelvic dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['hip pain', 'pain', 'worst pain']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['axial rotation']

answer: @entity1643 :: (MESH:D017116,Disease) :: ['Low back and hip pain']


abstract: PURPOSE: To analyze @entity531 in the retina of untreated @entity725 ( @entity725 ) and @entity2790 ( @entity2790 ) @entity1 . @entity1 AND METHODS: Maximal vessel dilation in response to flicker light was analyzed with Retinal Vessel Analyzer (RVA) in temporal superior/inferior arterioles and veins in 51 @entity725 @entity1 , 46 @entity2790 and 59 control subjects. RVA parameters were compared between groups, between contralateral @entity725 eyes, and correlated to intraocular pressure, @entity227 and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness. RESULTS: @entity725 eyes demonstrated generally smaller response of all vessels to flicker light than the other two groups (ANOVA p=0.026; mean arterial flicker response in percent of baseline, averaged superior and inferior was 3.48    2.22 % for controls , 2.35    2.06 % for @entity725 @entity1 , and 2.97    2.35 % for @entity2790 @entity1 ; corresponding values for venules were 3.88    1.98 %, 2.89    1.72 %, 3.45    2.77 %). There was no difference in flicker response between the eye with more and less advanced damage in each @entity1 of the @entity725 group (ANOVA p=0.79). Correlation of flicker response to intraocular pressure (IOP) was borderline at best, correlations to the level of @entity16 were not significant. Correlation of flicker response of superior and inferior vessels of the same eye was significant for the arteries (Pearson r=0.23, p=0.004), as well as venules (r=0.52, p<0.001). CONCLUSION: General vessel response to flicker light was decreased in @entity725 @entity1 , compared to normal controls and @entity2790 @entity1 . In contrast to significant correlation between the two contralateral eyes of the flicker response itself, only its borderline correlation to IOP was seen. There was no correlation to the level of damage, altogether indicating a systemic @entity10204 phenomenon. GRANTS: Swiss National Foundation Grant 3200B0-113685, Velux Stiftung Grant, Freie Akademische Gesellschaft (FAG) Grant, Pfizer Inc. Grant CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION REFERENCE NUMBER: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00430209.

title: Retinal @entity531 in @entity1 with glaucoma and XXXX and its association with the level of @entity16 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity725 :: ('MESH:C562750', 'Disease') :: ['primary open-angle glaucoma', 'POAG']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual field mean defect']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['glaucomatous damage']

entities_list: @entity10204 :: ('MESH:D021081', 'Disease') :: ['dysregulation']

entities_list: @entity2790 :: ('MESH:D009798', 'Disease') :: ['OHT', 'ocular hypertension']

entities_list: @entity531 :: ('MESH:D013901', 'Disease') :: ['neurovascular coupling']

answer: @entity2790 :: (MESH:D009798,Disease) :: ['ocular hypertension']


abstract: This study compared the activity and @entity137 of @entity1487 ( @entity1487 )/ @entity900 with the combination tegafur and @entity5537 (UFT)/ @entity900 in the neoadjuvant treatment of @entity5 . A total of 67 @entity1 were randomly assigned to treatment with @entity900 100 mg/m2 on day 1 followed by either a continuous infusion of @entity1487 1,000 mg/m2/day on days 2 through 6 (group 1) or oral administration of UFT 300 mg/m2/day on days 2 through 20 (group 2). Both treatments were repeated every 21 days for four cycles. Responding @entity1 received locoregional standard radiotherapy (50 to 70 Gy) after chemotherapy. Group 1 was comprised of 34 @entity1 , 30 of whom were @entity1 , with a median age of 57.5 years; 79% of this group had a Karnofsky performance status of 90% to 100%; 70% had a squamous and 29% an undifferentiated histology. The majority (85%) had stage IV disease. Of the 33 @entity1 in group 2, 29 were @entity1 . The median age was 56 years. Most (88%) had a performance status of 90% to 100%. More @entity1 had a squamous than an undifferentiated histology (82% vs 18%) and most (88%) had stage IV disease. Overall response in group 1 was 73% (21% complete) compared with 79% (18% complete) in group 2. At a median follow-up of 84 months, no significant differences have emerged in overall survival, 15 vs 37 months, or time to progression, 8.5 vs 14.5 months, for groups 1 and 2, respectively. @entity137 was also similar, except for @entity3527 , which occurred significantly more often in group 1 (71% vs 9%). @entity900 /UFT was as effective as the classic @entity900 /5-FU regimen and has the advantages of outpatient oral administration and a lower incidence of @entity3527 .

title: Neoadjuvant therapy with @entity900 / @entity1487 vs XXXX /UFT in locally advanced squamous cell head and neck cancer.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'Toxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['locally advanced-stage III or IV (MO)-head and neck cancer']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin', 'Cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity3527 :: ('MESH:D010689', 'Disease') :: ['phlebitis']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['5-FU', 'fluorouracil']

answer: @entity900 :: (MESH:D002945,Chemical) :: ['cisplatin']


abstract: The aim of these studies was to determine whether phosphodiesterase inhibition by @entity17873 is able to regulate differentially beta 1- and beta 2-adrenoceptor (AR)-mediated inotropic effects. Strips of @entity1 right @entity955 were stimulated with @entity1063 plus @entity10342 (selective @entity2161 stimulation) or adrenaline plus @entity14528 (selective @entity2162 stimulation). Concentration-effect curves were determined in the absence or presence of @entity17873 . @entity17873 alone was shown to produce dose-related positive inotropic effects. In tissues from beta 1-blocker-treated @entity1 , @entity17873 potentiated the responses to both @entity2161 and @entity2162 stimulation. There was a fall in -log EC50 (mol/l) of 0.7 +/- 0.2 (mean +/- SEM; n = 6) for @entity2161 stimulation and of 0.6 +/- 0.1 (n = 10) for @entity2162 stimulation. The potentiation of @entity2162 responses in non-beta-blocker-treated @entity1 was similar with a fall in -log EC50 (mol/l) of 0.5 +/- 0.1 (n = 6). The extent of potentiation was not significantly different between @entity2161 and @entity2162 stimulation, nor between beta 1-blocker-treated @entity1 and non-beta-blocker-treated @entity1 . Further experiments showed that the potentiation by @entity17873 of the effects of @entity2661 was unaltered by @entity6335 (n = 6). @entity17873 thus causes positive inotropic effects and potentiates the effects of @entity2661 acting through both beta 1- and @entity2162 . These actions are consistent with inhibition of @entity1919 hydrolysis. The potentiation of the effects of @entity2661 by phosphodiesterase inhibition appears unaltered by prior @entity1 therapy with beta 1 blockers.

title: @entity17873 potentiates the positive inotropic effects of beta-1- and beta-2-adrenoceptor stimulation in XXXX @entity955 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity17873 :: ('MESH:D017335', 'Chemical') :: ['enoximone', 'Enoximone']

entities_list: @entity6335 :: ('MESH:D003981', 'Chemical') :: ['diazoxide']

entities_list: @entity1919 :: ('MESH:D000242', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclic AMP']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial myocardium']

entities_list: @entity2661 :: ('MESH:D002395', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamines']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['noradrenaline']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: Reaginic antibodies (IgE and some IgG subclasses) and mast cells play important roles in the induction of @entity196 immediate hypersensitivity reactions. These antibodies bind through their Fc fragment to high affinity receptors (Fc  RI) present in the membrane of mast cells and basophils. The cross-linking of the receptor initiates a coordinated sequence of biochemical and morphological events that results in exocytosis of secretory granules containing pre-formed inflammatory mediators, secretion of newly formed lipid mediators, and secretion of cytokines. Previously, several studies have investigated the role of reaginic antibodies in the pathogenesis of @entity1224 ( @entity1224 ). However, whereas the immunological aspects of @entity1224 have been extensively studied, the precise sequence of events involved in the pathogenesis remains not completely understood, and the role of IgE in this disease remains controversial. Therefore, in this study, several bioassays were conducted to determine whether reaginic antibodies from @entity1224 -affected @entity1641 have the ability to activate mast cells. These bioassays involved measuring degranulation of @entity35 peritoneal mast cells, activation of @entity4026 and morphological changes in @entity32651 cells (RBL-2H3) following incubation with horse serum from @entity1224 -affected @entity1641 that were sensitive and insensitive to @entity54 (A. fumigatus) or from unaffected @entity1641 . Our results show that reaginic antibodies from @entity1641 sensitive to A. fumigatus were able to degranulate @entity35 peritoneal mast cells. In additon, there was an increase in the activity of the transcription factor @entity4026 in @entity35 cells, and morphological changes were observed in these cells once cross-linking was produced. These findings were not found in @entity1641 not sensitive to A. fumigatus and healthy @entity1641 . These bioassays demonstrate the ability of reaginic antibodies to stimulate mast cells and indicate that these antibodies could be involved in the immunological mechanisms leading to @entity1224 .

title: Reaginic antibodies from XXXX with recurrent airway obstruction produce mast cell stimulation.

entities_list: @entity54 :: ('746128', 'Species') :: ['Aspergillus fumigatus']

entities_list: @entity32651 :: ('MESH:D015471', 'Disease') :: ['basophilic leukemia']

entities_list: @entity1224 :: ('MESH:D000402', 'Disease') :: ['RAO', 'Recurrent Airway Obstruction']

answer: @entity1641 :: (9796,Species) :: ['horses']


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine the effect of an injectable @entity20773 implant (FAi) in eyes with noninfectious intermediate @entity1596 , posterior @entity1596 , or @entity5863 . DESIGN: Noncomparative, interventional, dose-randomized, dose-masked, prospective, individual, investigator-sponsored investigational new drug study. @entity1 : Eleven eyes of 11 @entity1 with a history of recurrent noninfectious intermediate @entity1596 , posterior, or @entity5863 . METHODS: @entity1 were randomized to receive either a low- or a high-dose FAi. Eyes were observed on day 0 (day the implant was injected) and then at regular intervals through 2 years. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: @entity32 , visual acuity, anti-inflammatory medication use, and safety parameters before and after FAi implantation. RESULTS: All @entity1 were followed up for 2 years. At baseline, mean study eye visual acuity was 0.56 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR; standard deviation [SD], 0.43 logMAR). These values improved significantly to  +0.25 logMAR (SD, 0.14 logMAR) and  +0.17 logMAR (SD, 0.14 logMAR) at 12 and 24 months after implantation, respectively (P  = 0.041 and P  = 0.016, respectively). The average number of @entity32 recurrences in the 12 months before implantation was 1.54 episodes per eye. None of the study eyes experienced a recurrence during the follow-up period. Of the 6 @entity1 who continued receiving systemic medication after implantation, the dosage was reduced in 4 @entity1 . Five of 11 eyes received an average of 1.6 posterior sub-Tenon @entity2995 (PSTA) injections in the 12 months preceding implantation. None required a PSTA injection after FAi implantation. The most common adverse event was intraocular pressure (IOP) rise. At baseline, 1 study eye (9%) required pressure-lowering drops; 2 additional study eyes (18%) required them during the follow-up period. Filtering procedures were performed in 2 of these eyes (18.1%). No FAi explantations were required, nor were any @entity1 lost to follow-up during the investigation. CONCLUSIONS: It is feasible to place a long-acting FAi in an outpatient setting, without prolonged adverse events attributed to the implant injection procedure. The FAi effectively controlled intraocular @entity32 in all eyes in the study, and at the last follow-up, all implanted eyes demonstrated an improvement in visual acuity. Elevated IOP that occurred in 18% of @entity735 was managed by standard means. The FAi implant is a promising approach for @entity1 with noninfectious intermediate @entity1596 , posterior @entity1596 , or @entity5863 who do not respond to, or are intolerant to, conventional therapy.

title: Injectable @entity20773 Long-Acting Implant for Noninfectious Intermediate @entity1596 , Posterior Uveitis, and XXXX : Two-Year Results.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'Participants', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['Ocular inflammation', 'inflammation']

entities_list: @entity2995 :: ('MESH:D014222', 'Chemical') :: ['triamcinolone acetonide']

entities_list: @entity5863 :: ('MESH:D015864', 'Disease') :: ['panuveitis']

entities_list: @entity20773 :: ('MESH:D005446', 'Chemical') :: ['fluocinolone acetonide']

entities_list: @entity735 :: ('MESH:D005124', 'Disease') :: ['FAi-implanted eyes']

answer: @entity5863 :: (MESH:D015864,Disease) :: ['Panuveitis']


abstract: Susceptibility to @entity788 appears to be linked to germ-line mutations in genes causing various @entity5 . The objectives of this study were to estimate the proportion of unselected @entity788 @entity1 belonging to @entity4310 families and to determine the frequency ofp16, @entity5345 , @entity2674 , @entity4311 , and @entity6756 germ-line mutations in @entity1 with a personal or family history of @entity5 . The study population consisted of 102 @entity1 with histologically verified @entity788 , unselected for age, sex, family history, or ethnic origin. @entity1 completed a family history questionnaire and provided blood for mutation analysis. Three-generation pedigrees were constructed and classified as high risk/familial, intermediate risk/ familial, intermediate risk/nonfamilial, or low risk according to defined criteria. High- and intermediate-risk cases were analyzed for germ-line mutations using a combination of methods. Thirty-eight of 102 (37%) @entity1 were characterized as high or intermediate risk, and the remainder were classified as low risk. Germ-line mutations were identified in five (13%) of these cases [one in @entity986 ( @entity46679 ); one in @entity5345 ( @entity26207 ); and three in @entity2674 ( @entity30073 )]. The @entity5345 and @entity2674 mutations were identified in Ashkenazi Jewish @entity1 . Four of the mutation carriers had strong family histories of the syndromes associated with the mutated genes. No mutations were identified in @entity1 in whom the sole risk factor was a family history of @entity788 , and only one mutation was found among @entity1 with early-onset disease. We conclude that known causes of genetic predisposition are an important risk factor in a small proportion of @entity788 @entity1 , especially if associated with a strong family history of syndromes associated with the disease. The lack of detectable germ-line mutations in most high- and intermediate-risk cases suggests that there are probably additional, as yet unidentified genes predisposing to this disease.

title: Inherited predisposition to XXXX : role of family history and germ-line @entity986 , @entity5345 , and @entity2674 mutations.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer', 'pancreatic adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['familial cancer syndromes', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity4310 :: ('MESH:D009386', 'Disease') :: ['hereditary cancer syndrome']

entities_list: @entity46679 :: ('p|SUB|I|49|S', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['I49S']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatic adenocarcinoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The @entity25170 - @entity25171 (TZ) combination is an anaesthetic drug commonly used in veterinary medicine. It is an equal amount combination of @entity25170 , a dissociative anaesthetic pharmacologically classified as an @entity3391 ( @entity3391 ) receptor antagonist, and @entity25171 , a @entity1245 tranquilizer. There are concerns regarding the safety profile of this drug combination due to incidents of @entity1 misuse/abuse. In this paper, we discuss the abuse liability of this drug combination based on currently available scientific evidence. We performed an in-depth search of medical and scientific literature and found seven reported cases of @entity1 abuse of the TZ combination, two of which resulted in fatal outcomes. In most of these cases, drug administration was intentional indicating that the TZ combination was abused by @entity1 . This finding is bolstered by the results of preclinical studies showing that the TZ combination produces rewarding effects in @entity35 , although manifested only in pretreated subjects. Further studies revealed that the addictive effects of the TZ combination are influenced by pre-exposure to other psychoactive drugs. Pre-exposure to @entity3652 , @entity3175 , @entity1875 , or @entity1068 facilitated the expression of the rewarding effects of the TZ combination. These findings support the hypothesis that the TZ combination was and can be used as a substitute or replacement drug. Altogether, the compiled evidence indicates that the TZ combination can potentially be abused by @entity1 . Thus, careful use, dispensation, and monitoring of the TZ combination and associated substances are strongly advocated. Copyright    2016 John Wiley _ Sons, Ltd.

title: The abuse liability of the XXXX receptor antagonist- @entity1245 ( @entity25170 - @entity25171 ) combination: evidence from clinical case reports and preclinical studies.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human']

entities_list: @entity3175 :: ('MESH:D003975', 'Chemical') :: ['diazepam']

entities_list: @entity3391 :: ('D016202', 'Chemical') :: ['NMDA', 'N-methyl-D-aspartate']

entities_list: @entity3652 :: ('MESH:D007649', 'Chemical') :: ['ketamine']

entities_list: @entity25170 :: ('MESH:D013992', 'Chemical') :: ['tiletamine']

entities_list: @entity1245 :: ('MESH:D001569', 'Chemical') :: ['benzodiazepine']

entities_list: @entity1875 :: ('MESH:D015742', 'Chemical') :: ['propofol']

entities_list: @entity25171 :: ('MESH:D015041', 'Chemical') :: ['zolazepam']

answer: @entity3391 :: (D016202,Chemical) :: ['NMDA']


abstract: Recently, simultaneous hepatectomy and pancreatoduodenectomy has been performed for the treatment of some @entity1125 in Japan. @entity1578 is a common and potentially fatal complication. The aim of this study was to examine the reduction in the rate of @entity409 after 70% hepatectomy (Hx) alone or in combination with 70% pancreatectomy (HPx). Male @entity35 underwent hepatectomy or simultaneous hepatectomy and pancreatectomy. The ratio of liver weight to body weight, the labeling index of hepatocytes in vivo, and DNA synthesis of the hepatocytes and/or Kupffer cells in primary culture were analyzed. The ratio of liver weight to body weight and the labeling index in HPx @entity35 were found to be significantly lower than those values in Hx @entity35 . There were no significant differences in plasma @entity493 aminotransferase levels between the two groups. The inhibitory effect on DNA synthesis was observed with coculture of hepatocytes and Kupffer cells when the portal plasma obtained 1 hour after operation was added. We further observed that the conditioned medium of Kupffer cells stimulated by the addition of the portal plasma that was obtained 1 hour after HPx inhibited DNA synthesis of hepatocytes. This effect was abolished after incubation at 56 degrees C for 30 minutes. These results strongly suggest the existence of a @entity3247 in portal plasma after HPx. This heat-labile @entity3247 was released from Kupffer cells and would appear to act on hepatocytes in a paracrine manner.

title: Kupffer cell-mediated inhibition of XXXX after combined hepatectomy and pancreatectomy.

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver regeneration']

entities_list: @entity1578 :: ('MESH:D017093', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative hepatic failure']

entities_list: @entity3247 :: ('117038(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['growth inhibitory factor']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['rat', 'Sprague-Dawley rats', 'rats']

entities_list: @entity493 :: ('CHEBI:16449', 'Chemical') :: ['alanine']

entities_list: @entity1125 :: ('MESH:D001661', 'Disease') :: ['biliary tract cancers']

answer: @entity409 :: (MESH:D008107,Disease) :: ['liver regeneration']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the growth pattern of @entity1 affected with @entity2743 . MATERIAL AND METHOD: A retrospective study of growth data of 40 @entity1 with @entity2743 diagnosed at prepuberty or at early puberty was conducted. All @entity1 were evaluated for height and weight every 3-6 months. Height and weight were transformed to standard deviation score ( @entity214 ) to account for differences of age and sex. RESULTS: At the time of diagnosis, the @entity1 were slightly underweight for height (weight @entity214 -0.27 +/- 1.24, height @entity214 -0.06 +/- 1.26). After 1 year of treatment, the average weight gain of the @entity1 was 4.9 +/- 3.1 kg, resulting in becoming relatively overweight for height (weight @entity214 +0. 32 +/- 1.42, height @entity214 +0.02 +/- 1.32). At the time of reaching their final height, the @entity1 had an appropriate weight for height (weight @entity214 +0.06 +/- 0.21, height @entity214 -0.04 +/- 1.01). The average final height @entity214 of the @entity1 was -0.04 +/- 1.01. This was at the average of the general population, but was +0.57 +/- 0.48 @entity214 or +2.85 +/- 1.0 cm greater than their target height (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Growth of @entity1 with @entity2743 showed the same pattern as in the general population. The final height of @entity2743 @entity1 was averagely +0.57 @entity214 or +2.85 cm greater than their genetic potential. This could be from the result of secular trend in the general population rather than being the effect of @entity2743 .

title: Growth pattern of childhood XXXX : longitudinal follow-up to final height.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'children']

entities_list: @entity2743 :: ('MESH:D006111', 'Disease') :: ['thyrotoxicosis']

answer: @entity2743 :: (MESH:D006111,Disease) :: ['thyrotoxicosis']


abstract: @entity99 (HAVF) is extremely rare in @entity1 . We present a @entity1 with @entity2548 complicated with @entity360 treated using transcatheter @entity1416 . Our @entity1 was the youngest (2 days old) case ever reported with congenital HAVF and the first one to receive @entity1416 for HAVF during childhood. The 3-year-old @entity1 was suggested of having congenital HAVF using Doppler ultrasonography. However, her family refused further investigation, and she was lost to follow-up. Three years later, she was sent to our hospital due to melaena. Repeated ultrasonography revealed dilated intrahepatic portal vein with arterial flow demonstrated using Doppler imaging. No esophageal varices or @entity2275 was seen during endoscopy. Angiography showed a HAVF and transcatheter embolization was done simultaneously. Follow-up at one and two weeks post-embolization revealed no more shunt flow within the portal vein, though cystic like dilatation of the portal vein persisted, and no @entity715 was observed. This case emphasizes that transcatheter @entity1416 can be easily and successfully used for treating childhood congenital HAVF. Abnormal dilatation of the portal vein in @entity1 needs doppler evaluation and possibly angiography.

title: @entity99 complicated with XXXX treated with transcatheter embolization: case report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'girl', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1416 :: ('MESH:D020762', 'Disease') :: ['arterial embolization']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity2548 :: ('MESH:D001164', 'Disease') :: ['congenital hepaticoportal arteriovenous fistula']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['Congenital hepatic arterioportal fistula']

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal bleeding']

entities_list: @entity2275 :: ('MESH:D013276', 'Disease') :: ['gastric or duodenal ulcer']

answer: @entity360 :: (MESH:D006471,Disease) :: ['gastrointestinal bleeding']