abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between cerebrospinal fluid ( @entity2841 ) red blood cell (RBC) count and @entity2841 protein in neonates and young @entity1 undergoing lumbar puncture. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Urban tertiary care @entity1 's hospital. @entity1 : @entity1 56 days of age and younger who had a lumbar puncture in the emergency department between January 1, 2005 and July 31, 2009 were eligible for inclusion. @entity1 with missing laboratory data, exceedingly high @entity2841 red blood cell counts, or conditions known to elevate @entity2841 protein were excluded. MEASUREMENTS: Linear regression was used to determine the association between @entity2841 protein. RESULTS: Of 1986 @entity1 , 56 days of age or younger, who underwent lumbar puncture in the emergency department during the study period, 1241 (62.5%) met inclusion criteria. The median age was 34 days (interquartile range: 19-46 days); 45% of @entity1 were male. The median @entity2841 RBC count was 40 cells/mm(3) (interquartile range: 2-1080 cells/mm(3)); 11.8% of @entity1 had a @entity2841 RBC >10,000 cells/mm(3). @entity2841 protein increased by 1.9 mg/dL (95% confidence interval: 1.7-2.1 mg/dL) per 1000 @entity2841 RBCs for all included @entity1 . Restricting analysis to @entity1 without @entity491 yielded comparable results, as did subanalyses by age and delivery type. CONCLUSIONS: We found that @entity2841 protein concentrations increased by approximately 2 mg/dL for every 1000 @entity2841 RBCs. These data may assist clinicians in interpreting @entity2841 protein concentrations in @entity1 56 days of age and younger in the context of traumatic lumbar punctures.

title: Adjustment of cerebrospinal fluid protein for red blood cells in neonates and young XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'PATIENTS', 'infants', 'Infants']

entities_list: @entity491 :: ('MESH:D007964', 'Disease') :: ['pleocytosis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['infants']


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate changes in @entity2183 and predictive factors for improvement after photoselective vaporization of the prostate ( @entity12468 ) for @entity1 with @entity1067 ( @entity1067 ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 103 @entity1 who complained of @entity2183 of >/=2 times per night on baseline frequency-volume chart (FVC) and who underwent @entity12468 were included in this retrospective study. All @entity1 underwent a preoperative evaluation for @entity1067 including multichannel video urodynamics. The efficacy of the @entity12468 was evaluated at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively by use of the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and FVC. Subjective and objective improvement of @entity2183 were defined as a reduction of >/=50% in nocturnal frequency compared with baseline on the IPSS and FVC, respectively. RESULTS: As shown by the IPSS and FVC, @entity2183 was significantly reduced starting from 1 month after @entity12468 . The percentage of @entity1 with improvement in @entity2183 was 20.0%, 20.7%, 36.2%, and 27.9% on the IPSS, and 30.1%, 48.6%, 52.2%, and 54.5% on the FVC at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after @entity12468 , respectively. None of the baseline parameters, including the presence or absence of nocturnal @entity2011 (NPU), reduced nocturnal bladder capacity (NBC), and detrusor overactivity (DO), were associated with improvement of @entity2183 . CONCLUSIONS: Nocturnal frequency was significantly reduced from the early postoperative period after @entity12468 . Improvement in @entity2183 after @entity12468 was not affected by baseline nocturnal frequency, the presence or absence of preoperative NPU, or reduced NBC or DO on baseline urodynamics.

title: Changes in @entity2183 after photoselective vaporization of the prostate for @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1067 :: ('MESH:D011470', 'Disease') :: ['benign prostatic hyperplasia', 'BPH']

answer: @entity1067 :: (MESH:D011470,Disease) :: ['benign prostatic hyperplasia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of Kinesio taping (KT) on @entity1211 , quality of life, severity, @entity158 , @entity4 , range of ankle motion (ROAM), and peripheral muscle myoelectrical activity in lower limbs of postmenopausal @entity1 with mild @entity4096 ( @entity4096 ). DESIGN: Double-blinded randomized controlled trial with concealed allocation. SETTING: Clinical setting. @entity1 : Consecutive postmenopausal @entity1 (N=123; age range, 62-67y) with early-stage @entity4096 . None of the @entity1 withdrew because of adverse effects. INTERVENTION: @entity1 were randomly assigned to an experimental group for standardized KT application for external gastrocnemius (EG) and internal gastrocnemius (IG) muscle enhancement and ankle function correction or a placebo control group for sham KT application. Both interventions were performed 3 times a week during a 4-week period. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Venous symptoms, @entity4096 severity, @entity158 , leg volume, gastrocnemius electromyographic data, ROAM, and quality of life were recorded at baseline and after treatment. RESULTS: The experimental group evidenced significant improvements in @entity158 distribution, @entity1211 , @entity4 , heaviness, @entity21665 , @entity111 , and @entity4096 severity score (P <=.042). Both groups reported significant reductions in @entity158 (experimental group: 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.6 to 2.1; control group: 95% CI, -0.2 to 0.3). There were no significant changes in either group in quality of life, leg volume, or ROAM. The experimental group showed significant improvements in root mean square signals (right leg: EG 95% CI, 2.99-5.84; IG 95% CI, 1.02-3.42; left leg: EG 95% CI, 3.00-6.25; IG 95% CI, 3.29-5.3) and peak maximum contraction (right leg: EG 95% CI, 4.8-22.7; IG 95% CI, 2.67-24.62; left leg: EG 95% CI, 2.37-20.44; IG 95% CI, 2.55-25.53), which were not changed in controls. CONCLUSIONS: KT may reduce @entity1211 , @entity158 , and their severity and enhance gastrocnemius muscle activity, but its effects on quality of life, @entity4 , and ROAM remain uncertain. KT may have a placebo effect on @entity158 .

title: Effects of kinesio taping on @entity1211 , bioelectrical activity of the gastrocnemius muscle, range of ankle motion, and quality of life in postmenopausal @entity1 with XXXX : a randomized controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'Participants', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['swelling', 'edema']

entities_list: @entity21665 :: ('MESH:D009120', 'Disease') :: ['muscle cramps']

entities_list: @entity111 :: ('MESH:D011537', 'Disease') :: ['pruritus']

entities_list: @entity4096 :: ('MESH:D014689', 'Disease') :: ['CVI', 'chronic venous insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'venous pain']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['venous symptoms', 'venous claudication']

answer: @entity4096 :: (MESH:D014689,Disease) :: ['chronic venous insufficiency']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the safety, morbidity, and short- and intermediate-term results of @entity1069 ( @entity1069 ) for @entity1067 ( @entity1067 ) after failure of medical treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective study was approved by the institutional review board, and informed consent was obtained from all @entity1 . @entity1 older than 50 years with a diagnosis of @entity1067 and moderate-to-severe lower urinary tract symptoms that were refractory to medical treatment for 6 months were eligible. @entity1069 with nonspherical 80-180- m (mean, 100- m) and 180-300- m (mean, 200- m) @entity4832 particles was performed by means of a single femoral approach in most cases. Effectiveness variables of International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), quality of life (QOL) score, peak urinary flow, postvoid residual volume, International Index Erectile Function (IIEF) score, prostate volume, and @entity1486 level were assessed for up to 24 months after the procedure. Statistical analysis included the Kaplan-Meier method and random-effects generalized least squares regression with autoregressive disturbance. RESULTS: Eighty-nine consecutive @entity1 (mean age, 74.1 years) were included. @entity1069 was technically successful in 86 of the 89 @entity1 (97%). Cumulative rates of clinical improvement in these @entity1 were 78% in the 54 @entity1 evaluated at 6 months and 76% in the 29 @entity1 evaluated at 12 months. At 1-month follow-up, IPSS decreased by 10 points, QOL score decreased by 2 points, peak urinary flow increased by 38%, prostate volume decreased by 20%, postvoid residual volume decreased by 30 mL, and IIEF score increased by 0.5 point (all differences were significant at P < .01). These changes were sustained throughout the observation period. There was one major complication: Intraluminal @entity39 tissue attached to the bladder, which was removed with simple surgery and did not necessitate wall reconstruction. CONCLUSION: @entity1069 is a safe and effective procedure, with low morbidity, no @entity250 , and good short- and intermediate-term symptomatic control associated with prostate volume reduction.

title: XXXX for @entity1067 : short- and intermediate-term results.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'Men']

entities_list: @entity1069 :: ('MESH:D053448', 'Disease') :: ['prostatic arterial embolization', 'PAE']

entities_list: @entity4832 :: ('MESH:D011142', 'Chemical') :: ['polyvinyl alcohol']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrotic']

entities_list: @entity1486 :: ('354', 'Gene') :: ['prostate-specific antigen']

entities_list: @entity250 :: ('MESH:D012735', 'Disease') :: ['sexual dysfunction']

answer: @entity1069 :: (MESH:D053448,Disease) :: ['Prostatic arterial embolization']


abstract: @entity86 is characterized by decreased gastrointestinal myoelectric activity and motility. @entity1769 was used to treat experimentally induced @entity86 in six @entity235 . Contractile activity was monitored by extraluminal strain gages on the pyloric antrum and proximal segment of the duodenum, and myoelectric activity was measured by recording bipolar electromyograms (EMGs) at the pyloric antrum, pyloric canal, proximal segment of the duodenum, proximal and distal parts of the jejunum, and ileum. Measurements were obtained from animals without @entity2616 (baseline) and those with @entity2616 that were either untreated or treated with @entity1769 . @entity2616 was induced by rubbing a 50 cm segment of jejunum with a dry sponge for 5 minutes and exposing the bowel to the air for 30 minutes. Treated @entity235 received @entity1769 (0.4 mg/kg 4 times daily [QID] intravenously [IV]), whereas untreated @entity235 received a saline placebo, starting 1 hour after celiotomy closure. Recordings were made for 26 hours after induction of @entity2616 . The phases of the migrating myoelectric complex (MMC) were identified and motility index values were determined. During @entity2616 , the MMC phase II duration was increased at the duodenum and phase III duration was decreased at the antrum, pylorus, duodenum, and proximal segment of the jejunum (p less than 0.05). Motility index values were decreased at the antrum and duodenum during @entity2616 (p less than 0.05). Treatment with @entity1769 reversed the MMC phase III inhibition at the antrum and pylorus, and partially reversed the inhibition at the duodenum and jejunum (p less than 0.05). Motility index values were restored to preoperative baseline values with @entity1769 treatment (p less than 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: @entity1769 reversal of decreased gastrointestinal myoelectric and contractile activity in a model of @entity235 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2616 :: ('MESH:D045823', 'Disease') :: ['ileus', 'Adynamic ileus']

entities_list: @entity1769 :: ('MESH:D008787', 'Chemical') :: ['Metoclopramide', 'metoclopramide']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative ileus', 'Postoperative ileus']

answer: @entity86 :: (MESH:D019106,Disease) :: ['postoperative ileus']


abstract: @entity1150 is a common problem afflicting millions of Americans yearly and encountered by all clinicians regardless of specialty. Every imaging tool available to the radiologist has been used to make this sometimes elusive diagnosis. Contrast venography is widely used and respected as the gold standard for evaluating any @entity66 . But it can be difficult to perform or poorly tolerated by the @entity1 . Plethysmography, once the only alternative examination, is now practically nonexistant. It has been displaced by ultrasound, mainly due to its ease of performance and @entity1 acceptance. Nuclear imaging has provided a series of screening tests such as the nuclear venogram, but new clot-specific monoclonal antibody tests are becoming available now. High technology imaging also has proven useful for problem solving. Computer tomography and digital subtraction techniques can be used to evaluate central veins or high flow areas. The newest technique, magnetic resonance imaging, can provide even more information than other tests and is already considered the examination of choice for the most difficult areas of the pelvis and neck. Understanding the strengths and weaknesses of these tests can help in choosing the best examination for each @entity1 .

title: Diagnosing XXXX in the 1990s.

entities_list: @entity1150 :: ('MESH:D020246', 'Disease') :: ['Deep venous thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['venous disease']

answer: @entity1150 :: (MESH:D020246,Disease) :: ['deep venous thrombosis']


abstract: @entity12475 ( @entity12475 ) is a potent stimulant of @entity224 generation in @entity840 peritoneal and @entity291 blood neutrophils. The dependence of @entity12475 -elicited respiratory burst on the composition of the medium was investigated. At 37 degrees C, the @entity224 generation was short-lived and a rapid losses of enzymatic activity was observed; at 0 degree C, the activity could be preserved for hours. @entity224 generation by whole cells was accompanied by exocytic degranulation. Prolonged incubation with @entity12475 at 37 degrees C resulted also in a progressive loss of cellular integrity evidenced by the release of a fraction of @entity880 dehydrogenase. Km values of the particulate @entity1110 oxidase isolated from @entity12475 -triggered @entity840 and @entity291 cells were 31.7 and 50.0 microM, respectively. Cells pre-equilibrated with the potential sensitive dye @entity19576 exhibited changes in the transmembrane potential upon stimulation. Stimulation with @entity12475 resulted also in the release of membrane-associated @entity460 , indicated by quenching of the fluorescence of @entity7914 -loaded neutrophils. Both effects were observed also in @entity1 neutrophils which did not generate @entity224 upon exposure to @entity12475 . The mechanism of @entity12475 -induced responses is discussed.

title: Activation of XXXX and @entity291 neutrophil @entity1110 oxidase by N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide.

entities_list: @entity12475 :: ('MESH:D004024', 'Chemical') :: ['DCCD', 'Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide']

entities_list: @entity7914 :: ('MESH:D002751', 'Chemical') :: ['chlortetracycline']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide', 'Superoxide']

answer: @entity840 :: (10141,Species) :: ['guinea-pig']


abstract: Since 1992, many neonates in neonatal intensive care units in Japan have been developing @entity221 and @entity1910 . Immunological analyses of neonates with these symptoms has revealed that the bacterial superantigen, @entity137 toxin-1 (TSST-1) is the cause. The name neonatal TSS-like @entity66 (NTED) has been applied to this condition. The most striking clinical finding has been that none of the term neonates have developed @entity1457 or died of NTED. The timing of NTED epidemics has coincided with the spread of emerging TSST-1-producing @entity3256 -resistant @entity794 clones in Japan. The low frequency of pregnant @entity1 with positive anti-TSST-1 antibody titers could be one reason for the spread of NTED in Japan. Neonates have immune tolerance against TSST-1 and may actively suppress the immune response to NTED with @entity688 . According to the T cell responses in @entity1 or young @entity1 with diseases induced by TSST-1, the pathophysiology of TSST-1-related diseases may be age-dependent. The precise mechanism of anergy and deletion of specific T cells stimulated with TSST-1 should be investigated in neonates infected with NTED. Both NTED and TSS might provide good models for analyzing the mechanism(s) of neonatal immune tolerance and the age-dependence of @entity1 immunity. This disease has not only become representative of diseases caused by superantigens, but has also yielded a considerable amount of evidence about @entity1 immune reactions against superantigens.

title: Overall picture of an emerging neonatal infectious disease induced by a superantigenic exotoxin mainly produced by @entity3256 -resistant XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'children', 'human', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity3256 :: ('MESH:D008712', 'Chemical') :: ['methicillin']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxic shock syndrome']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['exanthematous disease']

entities_list: @entity1910 :: ('MESH:D005076', 'Disease') :: ['systemic exanthema']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']

answer: @entity794 :: (1280,Species) :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']


abstract: CONTEXT: Evidence-based interventions to improve medication adherence among @entity1 with @entity161 are lacking. Although family psychoeducation has demonstrated efficacy in improving outcomes in @entity161 , empirical support for its ability to enhance medication adherence is scarce. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether a culturally adapted, multifamily group (MFG) therapy would increase medication adherence and decrease @entity146 hospitalizations for Spanish-speaking Mexican Americans with @entity161 . DESIGN: A total of 174 Mexican American adults with @entity72 and their key relatives were studied in a 3-armed, randomized controlled trial of MFG therapy focused on improving medication adherence. Assessments occurred at baseline and at 4, 8, 12, 18, and 24 months. SETTING: Two community mental health centers in Los Angeles, California. @entity1 : @entity1 had a diagnosis of @entity161 or @entity914 with a recent exacerbation of @entity716 and nonadherence to medication before enrollment. Intervention   @entity1 participated in 1 of 2 MFGs (MFG-adherence or MFG-standard) or treatment as usual. Groups convened twice monthly in 90-minute sessions for 1 year. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The Treatment Compliance Interview uses multiple sources of information to quantify medication adherence. Computerized records were used to collect information on the use of inpatient resources. RESULTS: At the end of the 1-year treatment, MFG-adherence was associated with higher medication adherence than @entity29143 -standard or treatment as usual only (F  =  6.41; P  =  .003). The MFG-adherence @entity1 had a longer time to first hospitalization (  (2)  =  13.3; P  =  .001) and were less likely to be hospitalized than those in MFG-standard (  (2)  =  8.2; P  =  .04) and treatment as usual alone (  (2)  =  11.3; P  <  .001). Increased adherence accounted for one-third of the overall effect of treatment on the reduced risk for @entity146 hospitalization. CONCLUSION: Multifamily group therapy specifically tailored to improve medication adherence through a focus on the beliefs and attitudes of the target population is associated with improved outcome for Mexican American adults with @entity161 -spectrum disorders. Trial Registration   clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01125267.

title: The ability of multifamily groups to improve treatment adherence in Mexican Americans with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Patients', 'patients', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

entities_list: @entity914 :: ('MESH:D011618', 'Disease') :: ['schizoaffective disorder']

entities_list: @entity72 :: ('MESH:D002659', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia-spectrum disorder']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychotic symptoms']

answer: @entity161 :: (MESH:D012559,Disease) :: ['schizophrenia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Bone metastasis is a frequent and catastrophic consequence of @entity263 for which only palliative treatment is available. Animal models of bone @entity263 are necessary for understanding disease mechanisms but few models exist. METHODS: We have used the @entity19 @entity263 cell line RM1 to generate a bone metastatic model of @entity263 . Repeated intracardiac injection of RM1 cells followed by isolation of cells from @entity3478 has yielded a cell line with strong bone-metastatic potential, RM1 bone metastatic (BM). RESULTS: This cell line metastasizes to multiple bony sites in over 95% of injected C57BL/6 @entity19 and is far less tropic to soft tissues. @entity3478 produced by the RM1(BM) cell line show no preference for particular skeletal sites as most bones are affected. Histology, and micro-computed tomography show that RM1(BM) cells form @entity5 , but with evidence of osteoblastic changes. In vitro the RM1 cells express @entity3112 but not @entity3111 , do not form colonies in soft agar, are non-invasive but are more motile than the parent cell line. CONCLUSIONS: This model provides a novel means for identifying cellular and molecular mechanisms that contribute to bone metastasis and allow for preclinical testing of therapies to prevent and treat @entity5 metastasis to bone. Finally as the syngeneic @entity5 cells are injected into immunocompetent @entity19 , this model will provide a means to study interactions between the immune system, @entity5 and bone, and therapies that target such interactions.

title: A novel model of bone- XXXX in immunocompetent @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic prostate cancer', 'prostate cancer', 'prostate carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3478 :: ('MESH:D001859', 'Disease') :: ['bone tumors', 'Bone tumors']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'osteolytic tumors', 'tumors']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['metastatic prostate cancer']


abstract: @entity26323 , @entity26324 and @entity26325 are raft-associated integral membrane proteins of the @entity26323 family of proteins involved in membrane trafficking processes. We show here that the @entity1 @entity263 PC-3 cell line expresses the transcripts for the three proteins simultaneously. @entity26323 , @entity26324 and @entity26325 co-fractionated with @entity5689 in the raft fraction of PC-3 cells, and immunofluorescence analysis showed colocalization of these proteins with @entity5689 in a multivesicular intracellular compartment. Markers of the Golgi apparatus, early and recycling endosomes and lipid droplets were excluded from this compartment. Prostate epithelial cells contain vesicular organelles enriched in raft components named prostasomes that are secreted in the prostate fluid. Interestingly, the prostasome fraction isolated from the culture supernatant of PC-3 cells consisted mainly of 30-130 nm cup-shaped vesicles that were positive for @entity26323 , @entity5689 and @entity1009 , a @entity4495 -anchored protein previously found in prostasomes. @entity5775 , an integral membrane protein found in multivesicular bodies/lysosomes and secretory granules was also found in PC-3 cell-derived prostasomes. Prostasome secretion was not inhibited by @entity10613 , a compound that blocks the conventional secretory pathway. However, @entity2307 , an inhibitor of @entity4357 -3 kinase, reduced the secretion of prostasomes in PC-3 cells. Our results suggest that @entity26323 family proteins are associated with @entity5689 in a multivesicular compartment that may be involved in prostasomal secretion in PC-3 cells.

title: Caveolin-1 and MAL are located on prostasomes secreted by the XXXX PC-3 cell line.

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity2307 :: ('MESH:C009687', 'Chemical') :: ['wortmannin']

entities_list: @entity10613 :: ('MESH:D020126', 'Chemical') :: ['brefeldin A']

entities_list: @entity4495 :: ('MESH:D017261', 'Chemical') :: ['glycosylphosphatidylinositol']

entities_list: @entity4357 :: ('MESH:D010716', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphatidylinositol']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate cancer']


abstract: Many @entity5 are detected at a late stage resulting in high mortality rates. Thus, it is essential to develop inexpensive and simple methods for early diagnosis. Detection of different @entity5 using @entity235 scent, as well as other technical methods, has been reported in peer-reviewed journals, indicating that this may represent a new diagnostic tool for @entity5 . AIM: This study aims to test the detection of different volatile organic compound signals emitted by @entity43 and normal tissues. MATERIALS _ METHODS: A previously tested electronic nose is used in the pilot study to analyze @entity1 grade 3 @entity43 samples. The recorded signals were compared with healthy @entity1 Fallopian tube specimens. A variety of algorithms were tested and @entity911 matrices compared. In parallel, an external validation study was performed using the same type and grade of @entity1 @entity43 with healthy myometrium (first part) and postmenopausal ovarium (second part) specimens as controls. Both sample types were obtained from individuals who did not participate in the pilot study. RESULTS: Method sensitivity was 100% (15 of 15) in the pilot study. The first part of the validation study demonstrated that 84.8% of @entity5 tissues (sensitivity: 84.8%) and 88.6% of the control samples (specificity: 88.6%) were correctly classified. In the second part the JRip algorithm correctly classified 75% of @entity5 tissues (sensitivity: 75%) and 80% of the control ovarian tissues (specificity: 80%). Collating results gives a sensitivity of 84.4%, whereas overall specificity was 86.8%. CONCLUSION: Although based on a limited number of samples, our results strongly suggest that specific volatile organic compound signals emitted by @entity43 may be used for early diagnosis of the disease.

title: Different volatile signals emitted by XXXX @entity43 and healthy tissue.

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian carcinoma', 'ovarian carcinomas', 'seropapillary ovarian carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'cancer', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity911 :: ('MESH:D003221', 'Disease') :: ['confusion']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: The need for quality assurance (QA) programmes covering near- @entity1 testing technologies has been acknowledged since the mid-1980s. However, most effort has been directed towards capillary blood @entity413 monitoring techniques. The most common biochemical near- @entity1 testing device is the dry reagent strip or 'dipstick' for urinalysis. This report describes a quality assurance programme for urinalysis, used in the wards and clinics of a district general hospital, and in some of the general practitioner surgeries within its catchment area. The project describes the preparation of an aqueous 'urine' sample, the design of a report form, the dispatch of the sample and report forms to the ward/clinic/health centre, the receipt and scoring of the returned results, and the assessment of the results, both in terms of management information and sources of error. Samples were spiked to give a target value midway between two @entity616 for each analyte. Results were scored as +/- 1 if adjacent colour block to the target, +/- 2 for results two @entity616 (error) and +/- 3 (gross error) for results three or more @entity616 from the target value. For urine @entity413 , results showed an overall 14.7% error and 2.6% gross error rate. Similar scoring gave the following error and gross error rates for the other analytes: @entity648 (1.0%, 3.3%); @entity6178 (4.3%, 0.3%); specific gravity (13.4%, 3.1%); pH (11.2%, 6.5%); blood (7.7%, 2.9%); protein (9.7%, 2.3%); and @entity3542 (gross errors 4.9%). Investigation of the results of the programme showed four types of error in dipstick testing-timing, misalignment, misunderstanding and transcription. Analysis of the results showed a reduction in error rates when an electronic reader was used (errors 2.0%, gross errors 0.75%), compared to reading against the @entity616 on the side of the bottle (7.7%, 1.6%) or using the @entity616 on a flat card reader (7.4%, 1.7%). The report demonstrates the importance of a QA scheme in providing a reliable screening service. It gives confidence to the users of dipsticks, information on training needs to clinical managers, and an understanding of both types of error and how they can be reduced.

title: Laboratory-based quality assurance programme for near- XXXX urine dipstick testing, 1990-1997: development, management and results.

entities_list: @entity648 :: ('MESH:D001663', 'Chemical') :: ['bilirubin']

entities_list: @entity3542 :: ('CHEBI:16301', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrite']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity616 :: ('MESH:D006327', 'Disease') :: ['colour blocks']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Melioidosis is a frequent cause of severe @entity295 in Southeast Asia caused by the gram-negative bacterium @entity6943 . @entity1 with @entity6942 have elevated circulating levels of tissue-type plasminogen activator, an important regulator of fibrinolysis. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of tissue-type plasminogen activator during @entity6942 . DESIGN: Animal study. SETTING: University research laboratory. SUBJECTS: Wild-type and tissue-type plasminogen activator-deficient C57BL/6 @entity19 . INTERVENTIONS: @entity19 were intranasally infected with viable @entity6943 and killed after 24, 48, or 72 hrs for harvesting of lungs, liver, and blood. Additionally, survival studies were performed. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Experimentally induced @entity6942 was associated with elevated levels of tissue-type plasminogen activator in lungs of infected wild-type @entity19 . During infection with @entity6943 , tissue-type plasminogen activator-deficient @entity19 were protected when compared to wild-type @entity19 as demonstrated by a strongly decreased mortality (62% vs. 100% amongst wild-type @entity19 , p < .0001), together with decreased pulmonary bacterial loads, less severe histopathological scores, and decreased fibrinolysis. These results were accompanied with an early increase in cytokine levels in tissue-type plasminogen activator-deficient @entity19 . CONCLUSIONS: During severe gram-negative @entity295 caused by @entity6943 , endogenous tissue-type plasminogen activator has harmful effects with respect to survival and pulmonary bacterial growth. These effects are related to tissue-type plasminogen activator-associated plasmin-induced fibrinolysis and/or a tissue-type plasminogen activator-associated decrease in proinflammatory cytokine production.

title: Endogenous tissue-type plasminogen activator impairs host defense during severe experimental Gram-negative XXXX ( @entity6942 )*.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients']

entities_list: @entity6943 :: ('28450', 'Species') :: ['Burkholderia pseudomallei']

entities_list: @entity6942 :: ('MESH:D008554', 'Disease') :: ['melioidosis']

answer: @entity295 :: (MESH:D018805,Disease) :: ['sepsis']


abstract: @entity308 in @entity191 ( @entity191 ) is frequent, difficult to recognize, under managed and has a profound impact on quality of life. Current categorization of diagnosis in psychiatry poorly applies to the protean manifestations of @entity1316 presented by @entity191 @entity1 . In this study we have chosen to dissect the state of depressive mood as assessed with the Beck @entity308 Inventory (BDI) at different points in time of pharmacological interventions using a dimensional approach. The 21 items of the BDI were classified in two new categories or factors: @entity71 and @entity5048 . The @entity71 factor included all items related to unbalanced intrusions of negative feelings and ideas, as well as to behavioral @entity2915 . The @entity5048 factor included all items related to loss of drive for @entity146 and loss of mental and physical energy. The objectives were to (1) compare different pharmacological treatments on the two-factor approach in @entity308 , (2) determine the influence of levodopa therapy on the two-factor approach, and (3) explore the two-factor approach in placebo conditions. Three sets of analyses using the hypo/ @entity71 dichotomy favour a neurobiological dissociation of these factors in response to pharmacological intervention: symptoms of the @entity71 factor are responsive to serotonergic drugs while those of the @entity5048 one are not and may even show deterioration under SSRIs. In contrast, the @entity5048 factor is responsive to dopaminergic drugs and may show deterioration under serotonergic drugs. Furthermore, the two factors seem to transiently dissociate on placebo intervention aiming at correcting either mood or motor status. The dimensional approach to @entity308 symptomatology may thus be of heuristic value in probing aminergic modulation of mood in @entity191 and establishing new correlations between affective and motor symptoms.

title: Affect in XXXX : validation of the two-factor approach.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression', 'PD depression', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['appetitive behaviors']

entities_list: @entity71 :: ('MESH:D001289', 'Disease') :: ['hyperkinetic']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ['IPD', 'parkinsonian', "Idiopathic Parkinson's disease"]

entities_list: @entity5048 :: ('MESH:C536231', 'Disease') :: ['hypokinetic']

entities_list: @entity1316 :: ('MESH:D019964', 'Disease') :: ['mood disorders']

entities_list: @entity2915 :: ('MESH:D006948', 'Disease') :: ['hyperactivity']

answer: @entity191 :: (MESH:D010300,Disease) :: ['Parkinson's disease']


abstract: @entity1534 (H.p.), has been shown, experimentally, to exert a proteolytic activity against mucous fractions. Aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of H.p. in peptic @entity1066 and to analyze its possible influence on gastric mucus components, on peptic activity in gastric juice and the possible action on peptic secretion. 223 @entity1 undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy were analyzed for the presence of H.p. in the mucosa: 99 duodenal @entity1066 @entity1 (D.U.), 58 gastric @entity1066 @entity1 (D.U.) and 66 dyspeptic subjects. In each @entity1 , three contiguous gastric biopsies were taken at the antrum: the first was evaluated for @entity3621 (Whitehead Criteria), the two other analyzed for H.p. with a rapid urease test. In a subgroup of 25 D.U. and 18 G.U. @entity1 , two other biopsies were taken at the fundus corpus of the stomach, to evaluate peptic secretion. To determinate mucous components (acid and neutral @entity32291 , @entity3649 and @entity3167 ), gastric juice samples were collected during endoscopy. H.p. was present in 89% of antral biopsies in D.U., in 56% of G.U. and in 51% of D., and was associated to antral @entity3621 . As regard gastric juice components, we observed an increase and a decrease of acid glycoproteins, respectively, in D.U. and G.U. @entity1 with H.p. @entity281 . An increase of peptic activity has been found in the gastric juice of both gastric and duodenal @entity1066 @entity1 H.p. positive (G.U. p less than 0.05). On the contrary, no significant differences were observed on peptic activity in the fundus-corpus biopsies between H.p. positive and H.p. negative @entity1 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Does XXXX have a direct proteolytic effect in @entity1066 ?].

entities_list: @entity3167 :: ('MESH:D019158', 'Chemical') :: ['N-acetylneuraminic acid']

entities_list: @entity32291 :: ('CHEBI:17089', 'Chemical') :: ['glycoproteins']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity3649 :: ('MESH:D005690', 'Chemical') :: ['galactose']

entities_list: @entity3621 :: ('MESH:D005756', 'Disease') :: ['gastritis']

entities_list: @entity1534 :: ('210', 'Species') :: ['Helicobacter pylori']

answer: @entity1534 :: (210,Species) :: ['Helicobacter pylori']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In the BARI 2D trial, @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 and stable @entity453 were randomized to prompt revascularization versus @entity910 ( @entity910 ). This analysis sought to evaluate how the availability of drug-eluting stents (DESs) has changed practice and outcomes. METHODS: In BARI 2D, 1,605 @entity1 were in the percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)-intended stratum. As DES became available midway through recruitment, we report clinical outcomes among @entity1 who underwent @entity910 versus prompt PCI with bare-metal stents (BMSs) or DES up to 4 years. RESULTS: In North America, after DES became available, selection for the PCI-intended stratum increased from 73% to 79% (P = .003). Fewer BMS than DES @entity1 had total occlusions treated or underwent rotational atherectomy (5.6% vs 9.7%, P = .02, and 1.2% vs 3.7%, P < .01, respectively). Subsequent revascularization ( @entity910 39%, BMS 29%, DES 21%, P < .01) and target vessel revascularization (BMS 16.1% vs DES 9.6%, P = .03) were lower with DES. Angina at 2 years tended to be less common with DES ( @entity910 39%, BMS 37%, DES 29%, P = .04, for 3 groups, P = .07 for DES vs BMS). The composite of @entity204 , @entity583 , or @entity64 was @entity910 16.0%, BMS 20.5%, DES 17.5%; P = .80. CONCLUSIONS: When DES became available in North America, @entity1 were more likely to be selected into the PCI-intended stratum. Compared with @entity1 receiving BMS, those receiving @entity4743 tended to have less target vessel revascularization and angina.

title: Change in enrollment patterns, XXXX selection, and clinical outcomes with the availability of drug-eluting stents in the Bypass Angioplasty Revascularization Investigation 2 @entity6 trial.

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity910 :: ('MESH:D004409', 'Disease') :: ['IMT', 'intensive medical therapy']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Aerobic exercise is associated with enhanced plasticity in the motor cortex of healthy individuals, but the effect of aerobic exercise on neuroplasticity following a @entity64 is unknown. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare @entity2146 and neuroplasticity in the upper limb cortical representation following a single session of low intensity lower limb cycling, or a rest control condition. METHODS: We recruited chronic @entity64 survivors to take part in three experimental conditions in a randomised, cross-over design. @entity2146 was examined using transcranial magnetic stimulation to elicit motor evoked potentials in the affected first dorsal interosseus muscle. Following baseline measures, @entity1 either cycled on a stationary bike at a low exercise intensity for 30 minutes, or remained resting in a seated position for 30 minutes. Neuroplasticity within the motor cortex was then examined using an intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) paradigm. During the third experimental condition, @entity1 cycled for the 30 minutes but did not receive any iTBS. RESULTS: Twelve @entity1 completed the study. We found no significant effect of aerobic exercise on @entity2146 when compared to the no exercise condition (P > 0.05 for all group and time comparisons). The use of iTBS did not induce a neuroplastic-like response in the motor cortex with or without the addition of aerobic exercise. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that following a @entity64 , the brain may be less responsive to non-invasive brain stimulation paradigms that aim to induce short-term reorganisation, and aerobic exercise was unable to induce or improve this response.

title: The Effect of Aerobic Exercise on Neuroplasticity within the Motor Cortex following XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity2146 :: ('MESH:D011595', 'Disease') :: ['corticomotoneuronal excitability', 'Corticomotoneuronal excitability']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['Stroke']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Once-daily @entity801 therapy is becoming increasingly common in pediatric practice; however, little is known about pharmacokinetics in @entity3124 . @entity801 exhibits concentration dependant killing; thus, peak serum concentrations at least eight times higher than minimum inhibition concentration of the target organism have been recommended. We wanted to derive pharmacokinetic parameters for @entity801 in @entity3124 and to evaluate whether a dose of 8 mg/kg provides an adequate peak serum concentration (>16 mg/L). @entity1 AND INTERVENTIONS: Population-based pharmacokinetic analyses were undertaken using therapeutic drug monitoring data collected prospectively in an intensive care unit over 6 months (n = 50 @entity1 ). Monte Carlo simulations were used to estimate the probability of achieving 1) peak concentrations >16 mg/L; and 2) trough concentrations <2 mg/L at 24 and 36 hrs. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The optimal pharmacokinetic model was of two-compartment disposition with zero order input and additive residual error. Weight was associated nonlinearly with clearance and linearly with volume, and age was a significant covariate for clearance. An 8-mg/kg dose provided near 100% probability of achieving adequate peak concentrations at all ages. However this probability decreased rapidly at doses <7 mg/kg with neonates being the most susceptible. Approximately 50% of nonpremature neonates within the first week of life, 25% of @entity1 , and 10% of @entity1 are likely to need a dose interval >24 hrs. CONCLUSIONS: A @entity801 dose of 8 mg/kg is highly likely to achieve peak concentrations >16 mg/L in critically ill @entity1 . A considerable proportion will require dose intervals >24 hrs; thus, therapeutic drug monitoring is essential.

title: Extended-interval @entity801 : population pharmacokinetics in pediatric XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'PATIENTS', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity801 :: ('MESH:D005839', 'Chemical') :: ['gentamicin', 'Gentamicin']

entities_list: @entity3124 :: ('MESH:D016638', 'Disease') :: ['critical illness']

answer: @entity3124 :: (MESH:D016638,Disease) :: ['critical illness']


abstract: A multicenter trial was performed to confirm the therapeutic efficacy and the @entity137 profile of the combination of @entity8778 , @entity786 and @entity229 in low-grade @entity1893 ( @entity1893 ) and @entity1072 ( @entity1072 ). Twenty-three adults with previously treated (61%) or untreated (39%) @entity1893 International Working Formulation A or Binet B and C @entity1072 were administered @entity8778 0.1 mg/kg/day as a subcutaneous bolus for 5 days, intravenous @entity786 500 mg/m2 on day 1, and oral @entity229 40 mg/m2 on days 1-5, every 4 weeks. Unexpected early hematological @entity137 led to dose modifications for pretreated @entity1 who received @entity8778 for 3 days only up to a maximum of five courses. Responses were observed in 75%, with 7 @entity1 obtaining a complete clinical and hematological response. Median duration of complete response was 9 months. Median time to progression or relapse was 31 months. @entity281 were dose limiting whereas posttreatment complications, including fatalities, resulted from infections. Median overall survival time from trial entry was 60 months. Activity of the combination of @entity8778 , @entity786 and @entity229 was confirmed. However, in the specific setting of a multicenter trial, unexpected fatal @entity166 occurred in pretreated @entity1 . Great caution is thus required in these susceptible @entity1 and the routine use of corticosteroids should probably be abandoned.

title: The multicenter trial SAKK 37/95 of XXXX , @entity786 and @entity229 in the treatment of @entity1072 and low-grade @entity1893 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8778 :: ('MESH:D017338', 'Chemical') :: ['cladribine']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity1072 :: ('MESH:D015451', 'Disease') :: ['CLL', 'chronic lymphocytic leukemia']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['Myelosuppression and infections']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ["non-Hodgkin's lymphoma", 'NHL']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['infectious episodes']

answer: @entity8778 :: (MESH:D017338,Chemical) :: ['cladribine']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity15660 -interacting RNAs (piRNAs), whose role in germline maintenance has been established, are now also being classified as post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression in somatic cells. @entity15660 proteins, central to piRNA biogenesis, have been identified as genetic and epigenetic regulators of gene expression. piRNAs/PIWIs have emerged as potential biomarkers for @entity5 but their relevance to @entity0 has not been comprehensively studied. piRNAs and mRNAs were profiled from normal and @entity0 tissues using next generation sequencing and Agilent platforms, respectively. Gene targets for differentially expressed piRNAs were identified from mRNA expression dataset. piRNAs and @entity15660 genes were independently assessed for their prognostic significance (outcomes: Overall Survival, @entity3012 and Recurrence Free Survival, @entity4434 ). We discovered eight piRNAs as novel independent prognostic markers and their association with @entity3012 was confirmed in an external dataset (The @entity5 ). Further, @entity33988 and @entity33989 genes showed prognostic relevance. 306 gene targets exhibited reciprocal relationship with piRNA expression. @entity5 cell pathways such as apoptosis and cell signaling were the key Gene Ontology terms associated with the regulated gene targets. Overall, we have captured the entire cascade of events in a dysregulated piRNA pathway and have identified novel markers for @entity0 prognostication.

title: XXXX -interacting RNAs and @entity15660 genes as novel prognostic markers for @entity0 .

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer', 'breast tumor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cancer Genome Atlas', 'cancer', 'Cancer']

answer: @entity15660 :: (9271,Gene) :: ['Piwi']


abstract: In this review we present some recent advances in understanding the roles of non-coding RNAs, including microRNAs and ultraconserved genes, in @entity14 and the way these advances can be translated for better cure of @entity1 . MicroRNAs are a class of small RNAs that do not code for proteins and yet function as gene regulators. The deregulation of microRNA expression is involved in the initiation, progression, and dissemination of any type of @entity1 @entity5 . The underlying mechanisms of microRNA deregulation in @entity1 @entity5 are just starting to be understood. Germline and somatic mutations in microRNAs or polymorphisms in the messenger protein-coding RNAs targeted by microRNAs may also contribute to the @entity5 phenotype. Profiling microRNAs by various methods has identified signatures associated with the diagnosis, @entity5 , progression, and prognosis of @entity1 @entity14 . Consequently, miRNAs have potential as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in @entity14 . Ultraconserved genes represent a recently identified class of transcripts, mainly non-coding, that are highly conserved during evolution and can regulate miRNAs by direct interaction. Fingerprints of ultraconserved genes expression can classify @entity5 , including @entity14 , and ultraconserved genes may be involved in @entity3 . Thus, having a clearer understanding of the mechanisms involved in the deregulation of non-coding RNAs in @entity14 is expected to contribute greatly to the development of new microRNA-based strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of @entity1 .

title: MicroRNAs, ultraconserved genes and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'staging', 'cancers']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancers', 'colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancers']


abstract: OBJECT: In endovascular coil @entity887 for an @entity438 , the excessive pressure created during coil insertion into an @entity439 can cause a @entity397 or dislodge a microcatheter tip from the @entity439 dome, resulting in insufficient @entity887 . Such undue mechanical pressure can only be subjectively detected by the subtle tactile feedback the surgeon experiences. Therefore, the authors of this study developed a new sensor device to measure the coil insertion pressure via an optical system. METHODS: This novel sensor system consists of a hemostatic valve connected to the proximal end of a microcatheter (Y-connector). The sensor principle is based on an optical system composed of a light-emitting diode (LED) and a line sensor. The latter measures how much the coil-delivery wire slightly bends in response to the insertion pressure by detecting the wire shadow. This information is translated into a given force level. @entity439 was performed using this optical sensor. A silicone @entity439 model and an in vivo model (porcine @entity439 model) were used in this study. Several surgeons manually performed the coil insertions. The sensor continuously monitored the mechanical force during the insertions. RESULTS: The sensor adequately recorded the coil insertion pressure during @entity887 . The presence of the sensor did not hinder the @entity887 procedure in any way. During @entity887 in the silicone @entity439 model, a sinusoid pattern of pressure occurred, reflecting actual clinical experience. Similar results were obtained in the in vivo study. CONCLUSIONS: This new sensor device adequately measures coil insertion pressure. This system provides potentially safer and more reliable @entity439 embolizations.

title: A novel pressure sensor with an optical system for coil XXXX of @entity438 . Laboratory investigation.

entities_list: @entity397 :: ('MESH:D012421', 'Disease') :: ['catastrophic rupture']

entities_list: @entity887 :: ('MESH:D004617', 'Disease') :: ['embolization']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['Experimental aneurysm embolization', 'aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial aneurysm']

answer: @entity887 :: (MESH:D004617,Disease) :: ['embolization']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the long-term effect and clinical value of endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) with transparent cap for @entity1141 and early-stage @entity356 . METHODS: From September 1996 to June 2007, 154 lesions in the esophagus or @entity356 of 147 @entity1 were treated using EMR with transparent cap. Among the lesions, there were 69 early-stage @entity957 in 64 @entity1 and 47 squamous cell @entity1613 of the esophagus in 45 @entity1 , with an average lesion size of (14.8 +/- 6.1) mm (range, 3-40 mm), furthermore, there were 23 early-stage @entity420 in 23 @entity1 and 15 @entity1613 in the @entity356 in 15 @entity1 , with an average lesion size of (8.2 +/- 4.3) mm (rang, 5-25 mm). All lesions were finally confirmed histopathologically. RESULTS: Of the 154 lesions, 139 (90.3%) were resected completely through EMR procedure. A close relationship between the complete resection rate and the lesion size was observed. The bigger the lesion size, the lower the complete resection rate. Endoscopic follow-up was carried out in 7 @entity1 for more than 10 years, in 43 for 5 - 10 years, in 31 for 3 - 5 years and in 66 for less than 3 years. Of 11 dead @entity1 during following-up, 10 died of other diseases, only 1 of recurrence. The 5-year survival rate was 96.2% for early-stage @entity418 , and 100% for early @entity356 . Perioperative complications included oozing @entity548 in 5 @entity1 (3.4%) and stricture in 1 (0.7%), no perforation occurred in this series. CONCLUSION: Endoscopic mucosal resection is suitable to treat @entity1613 or early-stage @entity418 without @entity3 into submucosa. Compared with conventional resection through open thoracotomy, similar long-term survival and curative effect can be achieved by this EMR treatment, preserving a good quality of life.

title: [The value of endoscopic mucosal resection for XXXX and early-stage @entity356 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous-cell carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity418 :: ('MESH:D004938', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal cancer', 'esophageal cancers']

entities_list: @entity1613 :: ('MESH:D011230', 'Disease') :: ['precancerous lesions']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['invasion']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinomas']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['cancer of the gastric cardia', 'cancer of the esophagus and gastric cardia', 'gastric cardia']

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['dysplasia']

answer: @entity1141 :: (MESH:C535662,Disease) :: ['dysplasia']


abstract: We recently reported perceptual correlates of long-term potentiation (LTP) of synaptic strength within the nociceptive system demonstrating the functional relevance of LTP for @entity1 @entity158 sensation. LTP is generally classified as @entity143 -receptor dependent or independent. Here we show that low doses of the @entity143 -receptor antagonist @entity3652 (0.25 mg/kg) prevented the long-term increase in perceived @entity158 to electrical test stimuli, which was induced by high-frequency electrical stimulation (HFS) of nociceptive afferents. Whereas in a control experiment HFS led to a stable increase in perceived @entity158 by 51% for the entire observation period of 1h HFS given 4 min after i.v. @entity3652 was ineffective. In contrast, HFS induced a two-fold increase of pinprick-evoked @entity158 surrounding the HFS site (secondary @entity1931 ) in both experiments. @entity158 evoked by light tactile stimuli ( @entity1931 ) was also unaffected by @entity3652 . These data support the concept that homotopic @entity1931 to electrical stimulation of the conditioned pathway is a perceptual correlate of @entity143 -receptor sensitive homosynaptic LTP in the nociceptive system, e.g. in the spinal cord. Although secondary @entity1931 and @entity1931 are induced by the same HFS protocol, they involve additional @entity143 -receptor insensitive mechanisms of heterosynaptic facilitation.

title: Effects of the XXXX -receptor antagonist @entity3652 on perceptual correlates of long-term potentiation within the nociceptive system.

entities_list: @entity1931 :: ('MESH:D006930', 'Disease') :: ['allodynia', 'hyperalgesia', 'neurogenic hyperalgesia']

entities_list: @entity3652 :: ('MESH:D007649', 'Chemical') :: ['ketamine']

answer: @entity143 :: (CHEBI:6121,Chemical) :: ['NMDA']


abstract: Tumor @entity39 following preoperative chemotherapy in @entity1 with @entity421 is a predictor of overall survival. With modern therapies, 45% of @entity1 are expected to achieve more than 90% @entity5 @entity39 . Investigators at the authors' center, however, increasingly noted that @entity1 were experiencing inferior @entity39 responses. A retrospective study of treated @entity1 at the center was undertaken to examine this. The purpose of this study was to determine (1) whether the number of @entity1 with favorable histological responses had changed over time and (2) whether the percentage of @entity1 with favorable responses was similar to published outcomes. Chart reviews were performed on @entity1 treated from 1993 to 2003 according to the Pediatric Oncology Group 9351, regimen A protocol. Twenty-one @entity1 met all eligibility requirements; 52% of @entity1 had more than 90% @entity39 . No correlation existed between degree of @entity39 and year of treatment (r = 0.06; P = .8). @entity1 with @entity421 treated at the authors' institution have comparable @entity5 @entity39 responses to published outcomes, and no change occurred over time. This study stresses the importance of rigorous retrospective reviews before implementing treatment changes.

title: Tumor XXXX in @entity421 : impact of modern therapies.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity421 :: ('MESH:D012516', 'Disease') :: ['osteosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

answer: @entity39 :: (MESH:D009336,Disease) :: ['necrosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Diagnosing the @entity1494 associated with @entity2335 / @entity2336 ( @entity2337 /PBS) is sometimes difficult for general urologists. We therefore aimed to develop an @entity2337 /PBS diagnosis method using a cystoscope with a narrow-band imaging (NBI) system that can detect mucosal angiogenic lesions. METHODS: Fifty-two subjects suspected of having @entity2337 between October 2006 and June 2007 were included in this study. There were 49 @entity1 and three @entity1 , ranging in age from 19 through 85 with an average age of 59. First, conventional cystoscopy under spinal anesthesia was performed to examine the @entity1066 by a urological specialist. Then, other health care professionals made a separate observation of capillary-rich areas of the superficial layer of the @entity1494 by cystoscopy with the NBI system. RESULTS: Among the 52 @entity1 , 37 cases were found to have @entity1066 by conventional cystoscopy, which were also recognized as capillary-rich brownish areas using the NBI system (100% accuracy); 13 cases were found to have NBI-positive areas without @entity1066 , which were coincided with those with @entity548 and glomerulations following subsequent hydrodistention; and two cases of normal mucosa were detected. Furthermore, six cases of @entity150 ( @entity2735 ) were detected by biopsies that were obtained from the @entity1066 positively identified by NBI cystoscopy. CONCLUSIONS: Examining the urinary @entity1494 with a flexible cystoscope with the NBI system makes it possible to easily detect @entity1066 of @entity1494 and areas with angiogenesis. Therefore, it is considered that the use of a flexible cystoscope with the NBI system is highly practical for the @entity2337 /PBS diagnosis.

title: New cystoscopic diagnosis for @entity2335 / XXXX using narrow-band imaging system.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bladder mucosa', 'bladder lesions']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['petechial hemorrhages']

entities_list: @entity2735 :: ('MESH:D002278', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma in situ']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulcer', 'ulcerative lesions', 'ulcers']

entities_list: @entity2336 :: ('MESH:D018856', 'Disease') :: ['painful bladder syndrome']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder cancer']

entities_list: @entity2335 :: ('MESH:D003556', 'Disease') :: ['interstitial cystitis']

answer: @entity2336 :: (MESH:D018856,Disease) :: ['painful bladder syndrome']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the cost effectiveness of cholinesterase inhibitor (ChEI) treatment in @entity1 with @entity195 ( @entity195 ) and @entity1832 ( @entity1832 ). METHOD: We used 4-month open label follow-up data from routine memory clinic @entity1 . There were 852 @entity1 with @entity195 and 112 with @entity1832 . We applied three predictive models to estimate clinical and economic outcomes at five years, comparing @entity195 and @entity1832 @entity1 with hypothetical untreated controls. RESULTS: The mean improvement in MMSE in 852 @entity195 @entity1 was 0.57 (SD 3.4) at 4 months, and in the subgroup with baseline MMSE of 10-20 (moderate) was 1.6 (SD 3.7). Overall, the 112 @entity1832 @entity1 improved by 1.4 (SD 3.7). @entity1832 @entity1 with an MMSE 10-20 improved by 3.1 (SD 4.5) points. These efficacy data were input into the SHTAC, microsimulation and Markov models and produced estimated costs per QALY gained (CQG) for all @entity195 of pound194,066, pound67,904 and pound123,935 respectively. In comparison, the CQGs for all @entity1832 were pound46,794, pound2,706 and pound35,922. For the moderate subgroups only the SHTAC and microsimulation models were applicable. These gave CQG estimates for moderate @entity195 of pound39,664 and cost saving respectively. For moderate @entity1832 , both estimates were cost saving. CONCLUSION: The cost per QALY gained of cholinesterase treatment of all @entity1 with @entity1832 (including those with MMSE outside the 10-20 range) is comparable to that of @entity1 with moderate @entity195 , and is probably cost saving.

title: Economic evaluation of cholinesterase inhibitor therapy for dementia: comparison of XXXX and @entity1832 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1832 :: ('MESH:D020961', 'Disease') :: ['DLB', 'Dementia with Lewy bodies']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['AD', "Alzheimer's disease"]

answer: @entity195 :: (MESH:D000544,Disease) :: ['Alzheimer's disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Previous research suggests the @entity10401 may improve ability to conceive. Most of this previous research was conducted in @entity249 clinics. We investigated the association between @entity2909 characteristics on time to pregnancy among @entity1 enrolled from the general population. METHODS: We enrolled a cohort study of @entity1 in @entity2099 . @entity1 retrospectively reported their time to conception. Leiomyomata characteristics were determined by first-trimester ultrasound. We used discrete time hazard models to estimate the effects of uterine @entity10401 on time to pregnancy. RESULTS: In this population of 3000 @entity1 , 11% (324) with one or more @entity10401 , we found no association between @entity10401 presence, type, location, segment or size on time to pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that @entity10401 have little effect on time to pregnancy in this cohort of @entity1 . The study excluded @entity1 who had been treated for @entity249 , and this may have resulted in underestimation of the association. However, differences between our study and previous studies in specialty clinics may be, in part, attributable to differences between our community-recruited population of @entity1 and @entity1 receiving fertility care, as well as difference in @entity10401 size or type in @entity1 having myomectomies to treat @entity249 .

title: Uterine XXXX and fecundability in the Right from the Start study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity249 :: ('MESH:D007246', 'Disease') :: ['infertility']

entities_list: @entity10401 :: ('MESH:C535516', 'Disease') :: ['removal of uterine leiomyomata', 'leiomyomata']

entities_list: @entity2099 :: ('MESH:D011254', 'Disease') :: ['early pregnancy']

entities_list: @entity2909 :: ('MESH:D007889', 'Disease') :: ['leiomyoma']

answer: @entity10401 :: (MESH:C535516,Disease) :: ['leiomyomata']


abstract: @entity827 ( @entity827 ) @entity1 in clinical remission are reported to have @entity32 . Normal function of the natural anticoagulant pathways is particularly needed in diminishing inflammatory responses. In the presence of subclinical @entity32 , natural anticoagulant response may be exaggerated. We aimed to observe the anticoagulant-procoagulant status in attack-free @entity827 @entity1 . Twenty-seven @entity827 @entity1 diagnosed in accordance with @entity9604 -Hashomer criteria, and 26 healthy controls were included. All @entity1 were attack-free under regular @entity3812 treatment. @entity2783 , @entity792 , accompanying @entity409 , and @entity1333 were excluded. Predisposing factors for @entity715 were not present. Acute phase reactants (APRs), anticardiolipin antibody positivity, prothrombin time (PT), activated prothrombin time, thrombin time (TT) and d-dimer, protein C activity, activated protein C resistance, free protein S, @entity5582 , lupus anticoagulant, @entity1 prothrombin fragment F 1 + 2, and human thrombin/ @entity5582 III complex were analyzed for all subjects. APRs were comparable with controls. Autoimmune markers were negative in all. Anti-streptolysin titers were significantly different than the control group. PT, TT, protein C activity, and F 1 + 2 levels were significantly different from those of healthy controls. Shortened PT and TT, decreased protein C activity vs increased levels of F 1 + 2 suggested a @entity49 state in our @entity1 . The @entity49 state detected in @entity827 @entity1 suggests that screening with @entity854 tests may be beneficial for tracing the future consequences of subclinical @entity32 in these @entity1 . Studies covering larger groups of @entity1 are needed to verify the currently observed @entity49 status in @entity827 .

title: @entity49 : interaction between XXXX and coagulation in @entity827 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'human']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation', 'increased baseline inflammation']

entities_list: @entity827 :: ('MESH:D010505', 'Disease') :: ['Familial Mediterranean fever', 'FMF']

entities_list: @entity2783 :: ('MESH:D000686', 'Disease') :: ['Amyloidosis']

entities_list: @entity1333 :: ('MESH:D014657', 'Disease') :: ['vasculitis']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver and renal disease']

entities_list: @entity49 :: ('MESH:D019851', 'Disease') :: ['hypercoagulable']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['abnormal coagulation']

entities_list: @entity3812 :: ('MESH:D003078', 'Chemical') :: ['colchicine']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmunity']

answer: @entity32 :: (MESH:D007249,Disease) :: ['inflammation']


abstract: Seventeen cases of @entity2883 have been reviewed in search of articular involvement. Articular symptoms were present in 13 cases (76 p. cent), and were inaugural in 9 cases (53 p. cent). Six of these @entity1 experienced @entity4841 , which were most often migratory, and were inaugural in 3 cases. Seven @entity1 had arthritides, which were inaugural in 6 cases; they were fixed and additive in 6 of these 7 cases, making up a distal @entity625 in 3 @entity1 , and an @entity4932 in the 3 other ones; they were transient and migratory in 1 case. The 3 cases of distal @entity625 were inaugural and fulfilled the ARA criteria for @entity309 ; two of them were accompanied by nodules which were quite identical to rheumatoid ones. There was no axial involvement. Joint involvement was not destructive and had a favourable course under disease treatment. @entity925 were present in 3 cases, one of which simulated @entity226 . Biological manifestations chiefly consisted of marked inflammatory changes. Antineutrophil cytoplasm antibodies were present in 11 out of 16 @entity1 in whom they were searched; among 6 of these @entity1 who had active disease, they were present in 5. The antibody level decreased as treatment reduced disease activity and suppressed joint involvement. Joint involvement in @entity2883 seems to be the inconstant hallmark of disease activity. It requires no specific treatment.

title: [Articular manifestations in XXXX . Report of 13 cases].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['polyarthritis']

entities_list: @entity226 :: ('MESH:D013700', 'Disease') :: ["Horton's disease"]

entities_list: @entity4932 :: ('MESH:D001171', 'Disease') :: ['oligoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity2883 :: ('MESH:D014890', 'Disease') :: ["Wegener's granulomatosis"]

entities_list: @entity4841 :: ('MESH:D018771', 'Disease') :: ['arthralgias']

entities_list: @entity925 :: ('MESH:D063806', 'Disease') :: ['Myalgias']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']

answer: @entity2883 :: (MESH:D014890,Disease) :: ['Wegener's disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This paper describes the methods used in the International @entity5 Benchmarking Partnership Module 4 Survey (ICBPM4) which examines time intervals and routes to @entity5 diagnosis in 10 jurisdictions. We present the study design with defining and measuring time intervals, identifying @entity1 with @entity5 , questionnaire development, data management and analyses. DESIGN AND SETTING: Recruitment of @entity1 to the ICBPM4 survey is based on @entity5 registries in each jurisdiction. Questionnaires draw on previous instruments and have been through a process of cognitive testing and piloting in three jurisdictions followed by standardised translation and adaptation. Data analysis focuses on comparing differences in time intervals and routes to diagnosis in the jurisdictions. @entity1 : Our target is 200 @entity1 with symptomatic breast, lung, @entity43 in each jurisdiction. @entity1 are approached directly or via their primary care physician (PCP). @entity1 ' PCPs and @entity5 treatment specialists (CTSs) are surveyed, and 'data rules' are applied to combine and reconcile conflicting information. Where @entity923 information is unavailable, audit information is sought from treatment records and databases. MAIN OUTCOMES: Reliability testing of the @entity1 questionnaire showed that agreement was complete (k=1) in four items and substantial (k=0.8, 95% CI 0.333 to 1) in one item. The identification of eligible @entity1 is sufficient to meet the targets for breast, lung and @entity14 . Initial @entity1 and PCP survey response rates from the UK and Sweden are comparable with similar published surveys. Data collection was completed in early 2016 for all @entity5 types. CONCLUSION: An international questionnaire-based survey of @entity1 with @entity5 , PCPs and CTSs has been developed and launched in 10 jurisdictions. ICBPM4 will help to further understand international differences in @entity5 survival by comparing time intervals and routes to @entity5 diagnosis.

title: An investigation of routes to XXXX diagnosis in 10 international jurisdictions, as part of the International @entity5 Benchmarking Partnership: survey development and implementation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal and ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: 1. The effects of @entity4140 (a selective blocking agent of M1 muscarinic receptors) were studied on excitatory junction potentials (EJPs) and inhibitory junction potentials (IJPs) elicited on colonic smooth muscle by stimulation of efferent parasympathetic nerve fibres in anaesthetized @entity468 and @entity95 . 2. @entity4140 (25 micrograms kg-1 to 0.2 mg kg-1, i.v.) decreased the amplitude of EJPs or abolished them. In @entity4140 , parasympathetic stimulation elicited IJPs in most cases. 3. In both species, @entity4140 initiated spontaneous IJPs, indicating an increase in the activity of the non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic (NANC) inhibitory neurones. 4. The results suggest that M1 muscarinic receptors are involved in synaptic transmission within intramural plexuses, at interneuronal synapses in the parasympathetic excitatory pathway to colonic smooth muscle, but are not involved in the pathway to the NANC inhibitory neurones. The facilitation of IJPs by @entity4140 suggests that, under normal physiological conditions, NANC neurones are tonically inhibited by an intramural nervous circuit involving M1 muscarinic receptors.

title: Role of M1 muscarinic receptors in the parasympathetic control of colonic motility in XXXX and @entity95 .

entities_list: @entity4140 :: ('MESH:D010890', 'Chemical') :: ['Pirenzepine', 'pirenzepine']

answer: @entity468 :: (9685,Species) :: ['cats']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to characterize @entity341 ( @entity341 ) visits for pediatric sport-related concussion (SRC) in pre-high school- versus high school-aged athletes. METHODS: A stratified probability sample of US hospitals that provide emergency services in the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (1997-2007) and All Injury Program (2001-2005) was used. Concussion-related @entity341 visits were analyzed for 8- to 13- and 14- to 19-year-old @entity1 . Population data were obtained from the US Census Bureau; sport participation data were obtained from National Sporting Goods Association. RESULTS: From 2001 to 2005, US @entity1 who were aged 8 to 19 years had an estimated 502 000 @entity341 visits for concussion. The 8- to 13-year-old group accounted for approximately 35% of these visits. Approximately half of all @entity341 visits for concussion were SRC. The 8- to 13-year-old group sustained 40% of these, which represents 58% of all concussions in this group. Approximately 25% of all SRC visits in the 8- to 13-year-old group occurred during organized team sport (OTS). During the study period, approximately 4 in 1000 @entity1 aged 8 to 13 years and 6 in 1000 @entity1 aged 14 to 19 years had an @entity341 visit for SRC, and 1 in 1000 @entity1 aged 8 to 13 years and 3 in 1000 @entity1 aged 14 to 19 years had an @entity341 visit for concussion sustained during OTS. From 1997 to 2007, although participation had declined, @entity341 visits for concussions in OTS in 8- to 13-year-old @entity1 had doubled and had increased by >200% in the 14- to 19-year-old group. CONCLUSIONS: The number of SRCs in young athletes is noteworthy. Additional research is required.

title: Emergency department visits for concussion in young XXXX athletes.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'children']

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['emergency department', 'ED']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['child']


abstract: The incidence and genesis of primary @entity453 which occurred spontaneously in the coronary artery system were elucidated in this study. We examined clinical and coronary angiographic features of the @entity1 who presented this dissection. Primary @entity453 was observed in 23 (0.43%) of 5,400 consecutive @entity1 with @entity63 @entity299 undergoing coronary angiography. The basic diseases were @entity583 in 17 cases and @entity951 in 6. Sixteen @entity1 (70%) had smoking habits, which might be related to this disease. The dissection of the right coronary artery in 12 cases, of the left anterior descending artery in 10, and of the left circumflex artery in only one was found. All lesions occurred in the proximal positions of the coronary branches. Seven (30%) of all cases had fixed @entity3979 in other coronary branches. The other cases had "one-vessel" disease. Seventeen @entity1 were treated medically, 5 had PTCA therapy and one had CABG operation. All the @entity1 , except one who died of @entity5 are surviving in a 3.8-year follow-up. @entity1 can be divided etiologically into three groups. The first was comprised of those in the post- or peri-partum period. The second was those associated with @entity3361 , and the third was those with @entity453 . The third group was the most frequent.

title: [Primary XXXX : its incidence and genesis studied by clinical and coronary angiographic findings].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity3361 :: ('MESH:D003329', 'Disease') :: ['coronary vasospasm']

entities_list: @entity3979 :: ('MESH:D023921', 'Disease') :: ['coronary stenosis']

entities_list: @entity951 :: ('MESH:D000787', 'Disease') :: ['angina pectoris']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart disease']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery dissection', 'atherosclerotic coronary artery disease']

answer: @entity453 :: (MESH:D003324,Disease) :: ['coronary artery dissection']


abstract: 1. A cDNA probe encoding @entity27163 cloned from @entity35 liver mitochondria was used to quantify mRNA levels in @entity35 , @entity19 and @entity95 tissues. This was compared to its phenotypic expression, using enzyme activity. 2. Enzyme activities were highest in @entity19 , intermediate in @entity35 , and lowest in @entity95 tissues. 3. Subunit III mRNA levels were easily quantified in @entity35 , but could not be accurately measured in @entity95 or @entity19 tissues despite high cytochrome c oxidase activities. 4. Significant subunit III sequence divergence must exist, among these species. Caution should be exercised in quantifying the expression of this mitochondrial gene.

title: Species-specific expression of XXXX mRNA.

entities_list: @entity27163 :: ('26204(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['cytochrome c oxidase subunit III']

answer: @entity27163 :: (26204(Tax:10116),Gene) :: ['cytochrome c oxidase subunit III']


abstract: AIM: To examine a model of care for @entity0 @entity1 based on the concept of point of need access and investigate the effectiveness of this model compared to routine 6-monthly clinical reviews. DESIGN: A parallel randomised controlled trial was used to examine point of need access to specialist care via the nurse specialist, compared to routine hospital based 6-monthly clinical review at year two post @entity0 . A total of 237 @entity1 were recruited to the study. METHODS: Outcome measures at baseline, 9 and 18 months included psychological morbidity using the GHQ12 questionnaire, quality of life using the FACT-B plus endocrine subscale, fear and isolation. An analysis of covariance was used to detect changes over time. Recurrences and methods of detection were recorded as secondary outcome measures. RESULTS: Two hundred and fourteen @entity1 completed the study. Overall @entity1 were not exposed to risks of @entity5845 (p=0.767) or decline of quality of life (p=0.282) when routine review was discontinued and no significant differences were detected during an 18-month period. @entity1 not receiving regular review did not feel isolated, and at the end of 18 months did not wish to return to 6-monthly clinical reviews. The presentation of recurrences and short symptom history demonstrate that the recurrences observed were unlikely to have been detected at a routine visit. CONCLUSIONS: Point of need access is acceptable to the majority of @entity1 . Although a third of @entity1 may wish to maintain a regular review, @entity1 choice is important. Findings suggest that after 2 years following the diagnosis of @entity0 there is no evidence to support the view that regular clinical review improves psychological morbidity or quality of life. @entity1 do not appear to be compromised in terms of early detection of recurrence. Point of need access can be provided by suitably trained specialist nurses and provides a fast, responsive management system at a time when @entity1 really need it.

title: XXXX follow up: a randomised controlled trial comparing point of need access versus routine 6-monthly clinical review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5845 :: ('MESH:D009767', 'Disease') :: ['increased psychological morbidity']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer diagnosis', 'breast cancer']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['Breast cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Clinical guidelines have the potential to assist in the management of @entity146 in @entity303 . This study aims to develop a conceptual framework for the construction of individualized guidelines for this group. METHODS: A concept map of the topic "How to manage @entity146 in @entity303 " was developed by reviewing research papers, clinical guidelines, and gray literature. Titles and abstracts of papers that met search criteria were manually scanned in an iterative process for the extraction of key ideas and terminology commonly used to describe the field. Essential ideas and concepts were recorded on a concept map and hierarchically arranged. The concept map was converted into an interactive PDF document for easy distribution and sharing. RESULTS: Ten key concepts were found to be important when managing @entity146 in @entity303 clustered along three major dimensions: @entity1 , Disorder and Treatment. The dimension @entity1 was defined by the " @entity1 's individual characteristics," the "Personal life story," and the " @entity1 's environment." Disorder was defined by the "Presentation of symptoms" and "Theory of causation." Treatment was defined by "Goals and expectations," "Non-pharmacological interventions," "Pharmacological interventions," "Ethics and Restraint Use," and "Emergency treatment." Concepts relating to clinical guidelines themselves were also included in the interactive map, including "Support from evidence-based medicine," "Regular updates," "Disclosures," and "Usability." CONCLUSION: Managing @entity146 in @entity303 requires consideration of a wide range of factors relating to the @entity1 , the @entity303 and @entity146 , and possible treatment options. An interactive and hierarchical concept map provides a framework to develop individualized clinical guidelines.

title: Individualized guidelines for the management of @entity146 in XXXX - Part 1: key concepts.

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggression', 'behavioral disturbance']

answer: @entity303 :: (MESH:D003704,Disease) :: ['dementia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Large health care databases are a valuable source of infectious disease epidemiology if diagnoses are valid. The aim of this study was to investigate the accuracy of the recorded diagnosis coding of herpes simplex @entity198 (HSE) in the Danish National @entity1 Registry (DNPR). METHODS: The DNPR was used to identify all hospitalized @entity1 , aged >= 15 years, with a first-time diagnosis of HSE according to the International Classification of Diseases, tenth revision (ICD-10), from 2004 to 2014. To validate the coding of HSE, we collected data from the Danish Microbiology Database, from departments of clinical microbiology, and from @entity1 medical records. Cases were classified as confirmed, probable, or no evidence of HSE. We estimated the positive predictive value ( @entity2286 ) of the HSE diagnosis coding stratified by diagnosis type, study period, and department type. Furthermore, we estimated the proportion of HSE cases coded with nonspecific ICD-10 codes of @entity11410 and also the sensitivity of the HSE diagnosis coding. RESULTS: We were able to validate 398 (94.3%) of the 422 HSE diagnoses identified via the DNPR. Hereof, 202 (50.8%) were classified as confirmed cases and 29 (7.3%) as probable cases providing an overall @entity2286 of 58.0% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 53.0-62.9). For " @entity198 due to @entity778 " (ICD-10 code B00.4), the @entity2286 was 56.6% (95% CI: 51.1-62.0). Similarly, the @entity2286 for " @entity5422 due to @entity778 " (ICD-10 code B00.4A) was 56.8% (95% CI: 39.5-72.9). "Herpes @entity11410 " (ICD-10 code G05.1E) had a @entity2286 of 75.9% (95% CI: 56.5-89.7), thereby representing the highest @entity2286 . The estimated sensitivity was 95.5%. CONCLUSION: The PPVs of the ICD-10 diagnosis coding for adult HSE in the DNPR were relatively low. Hence, the DNPR should be used with caution when studying @entity1 with @entity198 caused by @entity778 .

title: Validity of the coding for herpes simplex XXXX in the Danish National @entity1 Registry.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity778 :: ('MESH:D015658', 'Disease') :: ['herpes simplex virus']

entities_list: @entity198 :: ('MESH:D004660', 'Disease') :: ['encephalitis', 'Encephalitis']

entities_list: @entity11410 :: ('MESH:D018792', 'Disease') :: ['viral encephalitis']

entities_list: @entity5422 :: ('MESH:D008590', 'Disease') :: ['Meningoencephalitis']

answer: @entity198 :: (MESH:D004660,Disease) :: ['encephalitis']


abstract: Anti-idiotypic antibodies, which imitate a @entity5 -associated antigen by their variable region, offer an elegant method for the induction of a specific immune response, when used as a surrogate antigen for immunization. We generated anti-idiotypic antibodies imitating 2 different @entity5 -associated antigens. I. @entity10224 for @entity43 and II. 14C5, a @entity5 -associated cell substrate adhesion molecule on @entity0 cells, whereas the first approach could be introduced in a first clinical trial and the second was evaluated in an immunocompetent animal model. For the induction of an immune response against @entity10224 , 18 @entity1 with advanced @entity43 (n = 6) or heavily pretreated recurrences (n = 12) were immunized with the anti-idiotypic antibody MAb ACA125. @entity1 were treated with 2 mg anti-idiotype antibody every two weeks for 4 injections i.m. and then monthly. 12 of 18 @entity1 demonstrated an anti-anti-idiotypic (Ab3) response, which was to a lower extent also directed against @entity10224 and 9 of 18 @entity1 developed a @entity10224 specific cellular immune response by their peripheral blood lymphocytes. Based on this data a follow-up clinical trial in advanced @entity43 @entity1 with @entity41 in an adjuvant approach after primary therapy was started to evaluate the effect of the immune response on the progression free survival. For immunotherapy of @entity0 , we generated a murine monoclonal anti-idiotypic antibody (MAb ACA14C5), which imitates a cell substrate adhesion molecule on @entity0 cells. The anti-idiotype was introduced in an immunocompetent animal to prove his capability on induction of an immune and @entity5 response. The results showed a highly significant difference in the @entity5 growth of the ACA14C5 treated group in contrast to the controls starting the immunization on day 6 after @entity5 cell application with 10 of 12 animals being cured from their @entity5 burden. Prophylactic immunization against the invasion antigen of @entity0 by anti-idiotypic antibodies showed protection against increasing @entity5 burden. However, in the situation of established @entity5 only minor responses could be detected. Vaccination with anti-idiotypic antibodies comprises an effective method for induction of a specific immune response against @entity5 -associated antigens and should be therefore considered in immunological approaches to @entity5 therapy, where the primary structure and sequence of the antigen, e.g. @entity10224 , is up to now not available.

title: [Monoclonal anti-idiotype antibodies in immunotherapy of XXXX (MAb ACA125) and @entity0 (MAb ACA14C5)].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian carcinomas', 'ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity41 :: ('MESH:D018365', 'Disease') :: ['minimal residual disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'non-immunogenic tumor', 'tumors']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['ovarian carcinoma']


abstract: The extent to which the @entity1 brain shows evidence of functional plasticity across the lifespan has been addressed in the context of pathological brain changes and, more recently, of the changes that take place during healthy ageing. Here we examine the potential for plasticity by asking whether a strongly left-lateralized system can successfully reorganize to the right-hemisphere following left-hemisphere @entity75 . To do this, we focus on syntax, a key linguistic function considered to be strongly left-lateralized, combining measures of tissue integrity, neural activation and behavioural performance. In a functional neuroimaging study @entity1 heard spoken sentences that differentially loaded on syntactic and semantic information. While healthy controls activated a left-hemisphere network of correlated activity including Brodmann areas 45/47 and posterior middle temporal gyrus during syntactic processing, @entity1 activated Brodmann areas 45/47 bilaterally and right middle temporal gyrus. However, voxel-based morphometry analyses showed that only tissue integrity in left Brodmann areas 45/47 was correlated with activity and performance; poor tissue integrity in left Brodmann area 45 was associated with reduced functional activity and @entity71 . Activity in the right-hemisphere was not correlated with damage in the left-hemisphere or with performance. Reduced neural integrity in the left-hemisphere through @entity75 or healthy ageing results in increased right-hemisphere activation in homologous regions to those left-hemisphere regions typically involved in the young. However, these regions do not support the same linguistic functions as those in the left-hemisphere and only indirectly contribute to preserved syntactic capacity. This establishes the unique role of the left hemisphere in syntax, a core component in @entity1 language.

title: Reorganization of syntactic processing following left-hemisphere XXXX : does right-hemisphere activity preserve function?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity71 :: ('MESH:D001289', 'Disease') :: ['increased syntactic deficits']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain damage']

answer: @entity75 :: (MESH:D001927,Disease) :: ['brain damage']


abstract: Laparoscopic surgery for @entity5 has been complicated by port-site recurrences. The exact mechanism has yet to be defined. In vitro studies suggest that @entity544 -induced @entity5 cell aerosolization may play a role. We have attempted to document this in a @entity1 model. @entity1 scheduled for elective laparoscopy underwent port placement and abdominal insufflation with @entity544 . A suction trap was then filled with 40 cc of normal saline solution and attached to an insufflation site on the port. The @entity544 effluent was directed through the saline. The specimen was concentrated, resuspended, and transferred to a slide. A Papanicolaou stain was used. Thirty-five specimens were obtained. Fifteen @entity1 (37%) had @entity5 , which was metastatic in eight. Five @entity1 had @entity189 . In two of those with @entity189 , staining revealed a large number of malignant cells. Malignant cells were not found in any other @entity1 . In two @entity1 , however, aerosolized mesothelial cells were identified. Follow-up ranged from 2 to 7 months. One @entity1 who displayed cellular aerosolization developed a port-site recurrence. We conclude that malignant cells are aerosolized but only during laparoscopy in the presence of @entity189 . It is unlikely that @entity5 cell aerosolization contributes significantly to port-site @entity3 .

title: Detection of aerosolized cells during XXXX laparoscopy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'human', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'malignant disease', 'malignancy']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomatosis']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity544 :: ('MESH:D002245', 'Chemical') :: ['carbon dioxide']

answer: @entity544 :: (MESH:D002245,Chemical) :: ['carbon dioxide']


abstract: 1. Regional haemodynamic responses to @entity12579 (ANP, 0.5 nmol kg-1) or proendothelin-1 [1-38] (1.0 nmol kg-1) were assessed in the same conscious Long Evans @entity35 before and 20 min after administration of the novel neutral endopeptidase ( @entity8123 ) inhibitor, SQ 28,603 (50 mg kg-1, i.v.). In a separate experiment, responses to @entity1827 (0.5 nmol kg-1), @entity4689 (0.25 nmol kg-1) and @entity1808 (0.12 nmol kg-1) were measured before and after administration of SQ 28,603. 2. SQ 28,603 alone had no significant cardiovascular effects but caused significant prolongation of the @entity551 , tachycardic and renal and mesenteric vasoconstrictor effects of ANP. However, the early vasodilator and late vasoconstrictor responses in the hindquarters were not affected significantly. 3. SQ 28,603 caused significant attenuation of the pressor effects of proendothelin-1 [1-38] but the associated @entity1168 was unchanged. SQ 28,603 caused a significant inhibition of the renal and mesenteric vasoconstrictor effects of proendothelin-1 and also inhibited the initial vasodilator and subsequent vasoconstrictor responses in the hindquarters vascular bed. 4. SQ 28,603 had no significant effects on the haemodynamic responses to @entity1827 , angiotensin I, or @entity1808 . 5. The results are consistent with SQ 28,603 not only inhibiting @entity8123 that is involved in the degradation of ANP, but also suppressing activity of the enzyme involved in the conversion of proendothelin-1 [1-38] to @entity1827 .

title: Effects of the neutral endopeptidase inhibitor, SQ 28,603, on regional haemodynamic responses to @entity12579 or proendothelin-1 [1-38] in conscious XXXX .

entities_list: @entity4689 :: ('MESH:D000803', 'Chemical') :: ['angiotensin I']

entities_list: @entity12579 :: ('24602(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['atrial natriuretic peptide']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotensive']

entities_list: @entity1168 :: ('MESH:D001919', 'Disease') :: ['bradycardia']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: @entity29791 (HPyV9) was discovered recently in immunocompromised @entity1 and shown to be genetically closely related to B- @entity29792 (LPyV). No serological data are available for HPyV9, but human antibodies against LPyV have been reported previously. To investigate the seroepidemiology of HPyV9 and the sero-cross-reactivity between HPyV9 and LPyV, a capsomer-based IgG ELISA was established using the major capsid protein VP1 of HPyV9 and LPyV. VP1 of an avian polyomavirus was used as control. For HPyV9, a seroprevalence of 47 % was determined in healthy adults and adolescents (n = 328) and 20 % in a group of @entity1 (n =101). In both groups, the seroreactivities for LPyV were less frequent and the ELISA titres of LPyV were lower. Of the HPyV9-reactive sera, 47 % reacted also with LPyV, and the titres for both PyVs correlated. Sera from @entity3176 , the natural hosts of LPyV, reacted also with both HPyV9 and LPyV, but here the HPyV9 titres were lower. This potential sero-cross-reactivity between HPyV9 and LPyV was confirmed by competition assays, and it was hypothesized that the reactivity of @entity1 sera against LPyV may generally be due to cross-reactivity between HPyV9 and LPyV. The HPyV9 seroprevalence of liver transplant recipients and @entity1 with @entity51 did not differ from that of age-matched controls, but a significantly higher seroprevalence was determined in renal and haematopoietic stem-cell transplant recipients, indicating that certain immunocompromised @entity1 groups may be at a higher risk for @entity281 with or for reactivation of HPyV9.

title: Seroprevalence of @entity29791 and cross-reactivity to @entity3176 -derived XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'human', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity29792 :: ('12480', 'Species') :: ['lymphotropic polyomavirus']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological dysfunctions']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['primary infection']

entities_list: @entity3176 :: ('9534', 'Species') :: ['African green monkeys']

entities_list: @entity29791 :: ('943908', 'Species') :: ['Human polyomavirus 9']

answer: @entity29792 :: (12480,Species) :: ['lymphotropic polyomavirus']