abstract: The quick intraoperative parathyroid assay (qPTH) has been proposed as an effective tool in the surgical management of @entity2742 . By measuring intact parathyroid hormone intraoperatively, the qPTH assay may facilitate directed exploration for solitary @entity652 and may help guide the extent of resection in @entity1373 . In this study, results of the qPTH assay were analyzed prospectively in 63 consecutive @entity1 who underwent exploration for @entity2742 . Blood samples were drawn prior to @entity954 , prior to gland excision, and 5 and 10 minutes after gland excision. A decline >/=50% of the highest preincision or preexcision level within 10 minutes of resection was considered successful. Forty-nine @entity1 (78%) had a solitary @entity3243 . The qPTH assay was successful in 48 (98%) of these @entity1 . One @entity1 showed a delayed decline at 20 minutes. Fourteen @entity1 (22%) had @entity66 : 6 with @entity1373 , 4 with @entity1373 secondary to @entity177 , and 4 with double @entity652 . The assay was successful in all of these @entity1 . It detected @entity66 in 8 of 14 @entity1 thought preoperatively to have solitary @entity652 . Overall, the qPTH assay was successful in 62 of 63 @entity1 (98%). All @entity1 were normocalcemic after a median follow-up interval of 8 months. These data suggest that the qPTH assay can accurately facilitate directed neck exploration for solitary @entity652 , guide the extent of resection for @entity1373 , and identify unknown @entity66 . It appears to eliminate the most common cause of @entity177 , thereby improving surgical success rates while potentially decreasing morbidity, cost, and operative time.

title: Surgical treatment of XXXX using the quick parathyroid assay.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['multiglandular disease']

entities_list: @entity1373 :: ('MESH:D006965', 'Disease') :: ['primary hyperplasia', 'hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['parathyroidectomy failure', 'renal failure']

entities_list: @entity954 :: ('MESH:D016063', 'Disease') :: ['surgical incision']

entities_list: @entity3243 :: ('MESH:D010282', 'Disease') :: ['parathyroid adenoma']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['adenomas', 'adenoma']

entities_list: @entity2742 :: ('MESH:D006961', 'Disease') :: ['hyperparathyroidism']

answer: @entity2742 :: (MESH:D006961,Disease) :: ['hyperparathyroidism']


abstract: The use of crack @entity2072 has given rise to an intense discussion in society. Research has contributed to the characterization of users and the negative consequences of its use. However, few studies have conducted in-depth study of the social and cultural contexts in which crack @entity2072 is used. Thus, this study seeks to discuss the @entity42747 @entity2072 use and its social and health consequences for the user. It is a qualitative study developed in the Psychosocial Care Centers for @entity167 and Drugs (Portuguese acronym: Caps-ad). The individuals were selected in two groups of key-informants: crack @entity2072 users undergoing treatment and health professionals. Data was obtained by means of semi-structured interviews. The results revealed that the use of crack @entity2072 is not dissociated with the current organizational structure of society. There is a link between the use of this substance and the social organization for its use. By using crack @entity2072 , the individuals try to be part of a consumer market, actively participating in what society perceives as new. The forms and locations of use are directly related to users' health, making it necessary for healthcare services to detect, approach and make health interventions in these locations of use.

title: [The XXXX : socio-anthropological aspects and impacts on the health of users].

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['Alcohol']

entities_list: @entity42747 :: ('MESH:D003387', 'Disease') :: ['ritual of crack']

answer: @entity42747 :: (MESH:D003387,Disease) :: ['ritual of crack consumption']


abstract: The members of the MAPEG superfamily have been aligned and found to be distantly related, with a common pattern of hydropathy. Figure 2A shows the multiple sequence alignments of the @entity1 members and Figure 2B the corresponding superimposed hydropathy profiles. The alignment in Figure 2A demonstrates a total of six strictly conserved residues. The @entity534 -51 in @entity21238 has been suggested to function as proton donor for the opening of the LTA4 @entity4299 . This @entity369 is found in all but the @entity1912 sequences in accordance with the observation that @entity1912 has no known enzyme activity. Also the Tyr-93 in @entity21238 has been suggested to function as a base for the formation of the @entity7484 anion of @entity2041 . This @entity669 is not conserved in @entity21922 or @entity47626 . Table 1 summarizes some other properties of the individual @entity1 proteins. They are all of the same size, ranging from 147 to 161 @entity1522 . Only @entity1912 differs in that its isoelectric point is more neutral than that of the other, more basic proteins. The genes encoding these proteins all reside on different chromosomes (when known) (Table 1). In addition to the @entity1 proteins, MAPEG members have been identified in plants, fungi, and bacteria. It is clearly a challenge to elucidate their role in these different phyla in relation to their defined physiological functions in @entity1 .

title: Membrane-associated proteins in eicosanoid and XXXX metabolism (MAPEG). A widespread protein superfamily.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human']

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity4299 :: ('CHEBI:32955', 'Chemical') :: ['epoxide']

entities_list: @entity2041 :: ('MESH:D005978', 'Chemical') :: ['glutathione']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

entities_list: @entity7484 :: ('CHEBI:50539', 'Chemical') :: ['thiolate']

entities_list: @entity369 :: ('CHEBI:29016', 'Chemical') :: ['arginine']

answer: @entity2041 :: (MESH:D005978,Chemical) :: ['glutathione']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To review the available evidence regarding efficacy, benefits, and risks of @entity2399 @entity410 prophylaxis in @entity1 with @entity1468 or @entity3036 . DATA SOURCES: The English-language literature in MEDLINE was searched from 1966 through February 1998 using the terms " @entity2399 ," " @entity410 ," " @entity1468 ," " @entity3036 ," and " @entity101 in pregnancy." Reviews of bibliographies of retrieved articles and consultation with experts in the field provided additional references. METHODS OF STUDY SELECTION: All relevant English-language clinical research articles retrieved were reviewed. Randomized controlled trials, retrospective reviews, and observational studies specifically addressing efficacy, benefits, or side effects of @entity2399 therapy in @entity1468 or @entity3036 were chosen. TABULATION, INTEGRATION, AND RESULTS: Nineteen randomized controlled trials, five retrospective studies, and eight observational reports were reviewed. The criteria used for inclusion were as follows: randomized controlled trials evaluating use of @entity2399 in @entity3036 , @entity1468 , and @entity101 disorders of pregnancy; nonrandomized studies of historical interest; "classic" observational studies; and recent retrospective studies evaluating efficacy of @entity2399 therapy, using relative risk and 95% confidence intervals where applicable. @entity2399 therapy has been associated with increased length of labor, increased cesarean delivery rate, increased postpartum @entity548 , increased @entity1576 , decreased neuromuscular transmission, and maternal death from @entity1445 . A summary of randomized, controlled trials in @entity1 with @entity3036 reveals recurrent @entity410 in 216 (23.1%) of 935 @entity1 treated with @entity3174 or @entity3175 , compared with recurrent @entity410 in only 88 (9.4%) of 932 @entity1760 -treated @entity1 . Randomized controlled trials in @entity1 with severe @entity1468 collectively revealed @entity410 in 22 (2.8%) of 793 @entity1 treated with antihypertensive agents, compared with @entity410 in only seven of 815 (0.9%) @entity1760 -treated @entity1 . CONCLUSION: The evidence to date confirms the efficacy of @entity2399 therapy for @entity1 with @entity3036 and severe @entity1468 . However, there is a need for a randomized controlled trial to determine efficacy of @entity2399 therapy for @entity1 with mild @entity1468 and gestational @entity101 .

title: XXXX therapy in @entity1468 and @entity3036 .

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'seizures']

entities_list: @entity3175 :: ('MESH:D003975', 'Chemical') :: ['diazepam']

entities_list: @entity2399 :: ('MESH:D008278', 'Chemical') :: ['magnesium sulfate', 'Magnesium sulfate']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity3036 :: ('MESH:D004461', 'Disease') :: ['eclampsia']

entities_list: @entity1468 :: ('MESH:D011225', 'Disease') :: ['preeclampsia']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory depression']

entities_list: @entity3174 :: ('MESH:D010672', 'Chemical') :: ['phenytoin']

entities_list: @entity1760 :: ('MESH:D008274', 'Chemical') :: ['magnesium']

answer: @entity2399 :: (MESH:D008278,Chemical) :: ['Magnesium sulfate']


abstract: Purpose of this study was to correlate results from a survey on @entity2346 media and the State-Trait @entity148 Inventory test. This survey investigated prevalence of @entity2346 media (OM) in our territory, influence on development of language and @entity1314 and social costs. State-Trait @entity148 Inventory is a suitable test to differentiate state @entity148 caused by a specific event [in this case, @entity2346 media with effusion (OME)] from a trait @entity148 ( @entity1314 ) in parents and caregivers. The @entity2346 media study was conducted, retrospectively, in two primary public schools in Colle Val D'Elsa (Siena) on 252 @entity1 (6-11 years old). The State-Trait @entity148 Inventory test had been administered to the parents or caregivers of 20 paediatric outpatients (4-12 years, mean 6.8) at the ENT Department of Siena University. The results of the OM survey showed a correlation between OM and difficulties in speech and reading, delayed answering and limited vocabulary. All these problems improved as @entity1 grew up. On the other hand, psycho-social development appeared to be more problematic even in the 4th and 5th class, mostly due to persistent @entity132 . In the State-Trait @entity148 Inventory test, 50% of parents or caregivers had a high state- @entity148 score and so were mostly concerned with health status of the @entity1 . The State-Trait @entity148 Inventory results indicated that 50% of parents or caregivers had a high trait- @entity148 score and thus had an @entity1314 . These findings could be helpful in understanding the real severity of symptoms. The two proposed tests could provide complementary data to evaluate @entity1 with OME: the OM survey can be used as a screening test to detect @entity1 with non-symptomatic OME, to establish whether delayed language development may be associated with OME, to predict prognosis and @entity1 's quality of life as well as social costs of OME; the State-Trait @entity148 Inventory test can be used to reveal a state or a trait @entity148 in parents and caregivers in order to better understand their point of view. Parents' and caregivers' @entity1314 has a marked influence on the impact of OME on the @entity1 's quality of life. Quality of life in @entity1 with @entity2346 media with effusion is one of the most important parameters to be taken into consideration on account of the possible correlation with problems in development.

title: Quality of life and psycho-social development in @entity1 with XXXX media with effusion.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity132 :: ('MESH:D010468', 'Disease') :: ['attention disturbances']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['Anxiety', 'anxiety']

entities_list: @entity1314 :: ('MESH:D010554', 'Disease') :: ['personality', 'anxious personality']

answer: @entity2346 :: (MESH:D010031,Disease) :: ['otitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Dental fear and @entity148 ( @entity12606 ) refers to the fear of and @entity148 towards going to the dentist. It exists in a considerable proportion of @entity1 and adolescents and is a major dilemma in pediatric dental practice. As an Internet social medium with increasing popularity, the video-sharing website YouTube offers a useful data source for understanding health behaviors and perceptions of the public. OBJECTIVE: Using YouTube as a platform, this qualitative study aimed to examine the manifestations, impacts, and origins of @entity12606 in @entity1 and adolescents from the public's perspective. METHODS: To retrieve relevant information, we searched YouTube using the keywords "dental fear", "dental @entity148 ", and "dental @entity913 ". Videos in English expressing a layperson's views or experience on @entity1 's or adolescent's @entity12606 were selected for this study. A video was excluded if it had poor audiovisual quality, was irrelevant, was pure advertisement or entertainment, or contained only the views of professionals. After the screen, we transcribed 27 videos involving 32 @entity1 and adolescents, which were reviewed by a panel of 3 investigators, including a layperson with no formal dental training. Inductive thematic analysis was applied for coding and interpreting the data. RESULTS: The videos revealed multiple manifestations and impacts of @entity12606 , including immediate physical reactions (eg, crying, screaming, and shivering), psychological responses (eg, worry, upset, @entity4697 , helplessness, insecurity, resentment, and hatred), and uncooperativeness in dental treatment. Testimonials from @entity1 , adolescents, and their parents suggested diverse origins of @entity12606 , namely personal experience (eg, irregular dental visits and influence of parents or peers), dentists and dental auxiliaries (eg, bad manner, lack of clinical skills, and improper work ethic), dental settings (eg, dental chair and sounds), and dental procedures (eg, injections, @entity158 , discomfort, and aesthetic concerns). CONCLUSIONS: This qualitative study suggests that @entity12606 in @entity1 and adolescents has multifaceted manifestations, impacts, and origins, some of which only became apparent when using Internet social media. Our findings support the value of infodemiological studies using Internet social media to gain a better understanding of health issues.

title: Dental fear and @entity148 in XXXX and adolescents: qualitative study using YouTube.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: Clinical studies of @entity1 @entity150 cells with mouse monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have revealed two surface glycoproteins (T43 and T138) expressed by aggressive @entity5 and not by normal cells and a differentiation antigen (T16) expressed by normal and @entity5 cells of urothelial origin (Y. Fradet et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 81: 224-228, 1984; Y. Fradet et al. @entity5 Res., 46: 5183-5188, 1986). To investigate further the possible association of these antigenic phenotypes with growth advantage of @entity5 cells, their expression, according to phases of the cell cycle and growth states (exponential and plateau phase) was studied in the @entity1 @entity150 cell line T24. Expression of the @entity8498 oncogene product, the Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen and the @entity1531 were also studied with mAbs. Multiparameter flow cytometry was used to determine antigen expression and DNA content of cells stained with mAbs and @entity2667 . Two antigens, T16 and T43, showed marked variations of their expression according to the growth status of the cells, although with an inverse profile. T16 was expressed on resting cells up to 12.5 times more than on exponentially growing cells. Conversely, T43 expression increased by a factor of 4.5 on actively proliferating cells. However, there was no preferential expression of either antigen in any one phase of the cell cycle. None of the other antigens studied, including the @entity3544 protein, showed any density variation with either cell cycle or growth states. The results of these studies suggest that T43 may be associated with a growth advantage of @entity5 cells and that T16 has the characteristics of a differentiation antigen whose expression is induced on resting cells. These findings may have implications for the potential clinical use of these mAbs.

title: Growth-regulated surface glycoproteins of @entity1 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancers', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity2667 :: ('MESH:D011419', 'Chemical') :: ['propidium iodide']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder carcinoma', 'bladder cancer']

answer: @entity150 :: (MESH:D001749,Disease) :: ['bladder cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Known as 'neglected disease' because relatively little effort has been applied to finding cures, @entity232 kills more than 150,000 @entity1 every year and debilitates millions more. @entity234 ( @entity234 ), also called @entity234 in India, claims around 20,000 lives every year. Whole genome analysis presents an excellent means to identify new targets for drugs, vaccine and diagnostics development, and also provide an avenue into the biological basis of parasite virulence in the @entity3911 complex prevalent in India. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: In our presently described study, the next generation SOLiD    platform was successfully utilized for the first time to carry out whole genome sequencing of @entity3911 clinical isolates from India. We report the exceptional occurrence of insect trypanosomatids in clinical cases of @entity234 ( @entity234 ) @entity1 in India. We confirm with whole genome sequencing analysis data that isolates which were sequenced from @entity234 ( @entity234 ) cases were genetically related to Leptomonas. The @entity325 in splenic aspirate of these @entity1 with a species of Leptomonas and how likely is it that the @entity281 might be pathogenic, are key questions which need to be investigated. We discuss our results in the context of some important probable hypothesis in this article. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Our intriguing results of unusual cases of @entity234 found to be most similar to Leptomonas species put forth important clinical implications for the treatment of @entity234 in India. Leptomonas have been shown to be highly susceptible to several standard leishmaniacides in vitro. There is very little divergence among these two species viz. @entity3911 sp. and L. seymouri, in terms of genomic sequence and organization. A more extensive perception of the phenomenon of @entity325 needs to be addressed from molecular pathogenesis and eco-epidemiological standpoint.

title: SOLiD    sequencing of genomes of clinical isolates of XXXX from India confirm leptomonas @entity325 and raise some key questions.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity234 :: ('MESH:D007898', 'Disease') :: ['Kala Azar (KA) or black fever', 'VL', 'visceral leishmaniasis', 'Visceral leishmaniasis', 'Kala Azar']

entities_list: @entity232 :: ('MESH:D007896', 'Disease') :: ['leishmaniasis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity325 :: ('MESH:D060085', 'Disease') :: ['co-infection']

entities_list: @entity3911 :: ('5661', 'Species') :: ['L. donovani', 'Leishmania']

answer: @entity3911 :: (5661,Species) :: ['Leishmania donovani']


abstract: We reviewed our clinical and echocardiographic experience in 70 consecutive @entity1 with 73 @entity299 , diagnosed over an 11 year period. There were 21 males and 49 females, ages ranged from 18 to 80 years. Only in 5.7% cases was the diagnosis of @entity3291 made clinically. 88.6% cases were initially diagnosed as having: @entity339 (70%), @entity340 (10%), @entity741 (5.7%), @entity296 (2.9%), and the remaining 5.7% were detected during family screening and follow-up. The mean duration of symptoms was 10.6 months. The commonest symptom was dyspnoea (80%), followed by constitutional symptoms (45.7%), @entity887 (30%), palpitation (25.7%), @entity1163 (15.7%), pedal @entity4 (15.7%) and @entity158 chest (12.9%). The sites of @entity3291 were as follows: left atrium, 58; right atrium, 9; and, biatrium, 3. All @entity3291 except 3 were attached to the interatrial septum. The site, size, shape, attachment, mobility, prolapse into ventricle, and surface characteristic of @entity3291 were accurately assessed by 2D-echocardiography and confirmed in all (65 of 70) who underwent surgery. When the morphological characteristic of @entity3291 were studied and correlated with clinical features large left @entity4615 size was closely related with constitutional symptoms, @entity712 , with @entity1163 and auscultatory findings suggestive of @entity339 , whereas @entity3291 size and irregular surface were associated with @entity887 . Constitutional symptoms were only present in left @entity4615 . Post-operative mean echocardiographic follow-up of 60 months showed no recurrence except in 2 with @entity3291 . We conclude that the majority of @entity3291 mimic many @entity65 and were detected in symptomatic @entity1 , so a high index of clinical suspicion is important for its early and correct diagnosis. The size and appearance of the @entity3291 correlated with the presenting symptoms.

title: XXXX : clinical and echocardiographic profile.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity339 :: ('MESH:D008944', 'Disease') :: ['mitral valve disease']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['oedema']

entities_list: @entity3291 :: ('MESH:D009232', 'Disease') :: ['familial myxoma', 'myxomas', 'smaller myxoma']

entities_list: @entity887 :: ('MESH:D004617', 'Disease') :: ['embolization']

entities_list: @entity4615 :: ('MESH:C538262', 'Disease') :: ['atrial myxoma']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic heart disease']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac myxomas']

entities_list: @entity340 :: ('MESH:D006349', 'Disease') :: ['tricuspid valve disease']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular diseases']

answer: @entity299 :: (MESH:D006331,Disease) :: ['Cardiac myxomas']


abstract: Thirty Saudi @entity1 with pure @entity4797 were treated at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, between January 1977 and June 1983. Disease characteristics in Saudi Arabia including clinical findings, response to therapy, and prognosis are described and compared to those in other populations reported in the literature. Symptom durations were 3 to 42 months. Many of the @entity1 presented with an extensive @entity5 burden and a poor performance status. There was a higher incidence of @entity4797 and of cryptorchidism than in other series and a relatively high incidence of elevated betahuman chorionic gonadotropin (B-HCG). @entity1 initially underwent funiculo-orchiectomy. Twenty-two @entity1 received radiation therapy and four received chemotherapy. @entity1 with @entity66 responded well to orchiectomy and radiation therapy. However, those with extensive @entity5 burden had an unsatisfactory response to radiation therapy. Preradiation chemotherapy is recommended for @entity1 with massive retroperitoneal metastases, nodal disease above the diaphragm, or @entity66 and @entity1 with minimal or moderate sized retroperitoneal nodal disease associated with an elevated B-HCG.

title: XXXX in Saudi Arabia: clinical characteristics, prognostic indicators, and recommendations for management.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['limited disease', 'extranodal disease']

entities_list: @entity4797 :: ('MESH:D018239', 'Disease') :: ['anaplastic seminoma', 'testicular seminoma']

answer: @entity4797 :: (MESH:D018239,Disease) :: ['Testicular seminomas']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Controversies over the frequency and intensity of the follow-up care of @entity0 @entity1 exist. Some physicians have adopted an intensive approach to follow-up care that consists of frequent laboratory tests and routine imaging studies, including chest radiographs, bone scans, and CT scans, whereas others have established a minimalist approach consisting of only history, physical examinations, and mammograms. OBJECTIVES: Our objective was to evaluate the role of intensive follow-up on detection of @entity0 recurrence and to examine the impact of follow-up on overall survival. METHODS: During a 10-year period (1986-1996), 129 @entity1 with recurrent disease were identified from a prospective database of 1898 @entity0 @entity1 . The @entity1 with recurrent disease were divided into minimalist or intensive groups according to method of detection. RESULTS: Twenty-seven of 126 (21%) @entity1 were assigned to the intensive method of detection group (LFT, @entity787 , @entity2355 , chest radiograph, CT scan, and bone scan); 99 of 126 (79%) @entity1 were assigned to the minimal detection group (history, physical examination, and mammography). Distant disease to the bone was the most common initial @entity5 recurrence, at 27%. History, physical examination, and mammography detected recurrent @entity5 in approximately the same amount of time as LFTs, @entity5 markers, CT scans, and chest radiographs (P = .960). When the recurrent @entity1 were divided into intensive and minimalist groups and analyzed by time to detection of recurrence, there was no significant difference between the time to detection in those recurrences detected by intensive methods and those recurrences detected by minimalist methods (P = .95). The independent variables age, @entity5 size, type of surgery, number of positive nodes, time to recurrence, method of detection, and site of recurrence (regional or distant) were subject to univariate and multivariate analysis by the Cox proportional hazards model. Only two variables had an impact on survival by multivariate analysis: early timing of the recurrence (P = .0011) and the site of the recurrence (P = .02). Timing was defined as early (< or =365 days from the time of diagnosis to recurrence) or late (> or =365 days from the time of diagnosis to recurrence). Early recurrence was the first variable found to be significant on stepwise forward regression analysis. The primary site of recurrence was significant at step two. The method of detection--intensive or minimal--did not significantly affect survival (P = .18). CONCLUSIONS: There is no survival benefit to routine intensive follow-up regimens in detecting recurrent @entity0 . Expensive diagnostic tests such as bone scans, CT scans, and serial @entity5 markers are best used for detection of @entity3 in symptomatic @entity1 .

title: Evaluation of an intensive strategy for follow-up and surveillance of primary XXXX .

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: We investigated @entity1002 ( @entity1002 ) and its relationship with circulatory function and prognosis in @entity82 with @entity101 and normal @entity1011 . Conventional and tissue Doppler (TDI) echocardiography, systemic and hepatic hemodynamics, and the activity of endogenous vasoactive systems (AEVS) were measured prospectively in 80 @entity1 . Plasma renin activity (PRA; >4 ng/mL/hour) was used as a surrogate of effective arterial blood volume. @entity1 were followed up for 12 months. Thirty-seven @entity1 had @entity1002 (19 with grade 1 and 18 with grade 2). @entity4346 , left atrial volume, AEVS, and natriuretic peptide levels were significantly greater in @entity1 with @entity1002 than without @entity1002 . @entity1 with grade 2 @entity1002 , compared to grade 1 @entity1002 and without @entity1002 , had significantly lower mean arterial pressure and higher @entity3851 ( @entity3851 ) score, E-wave transmitral/early diastolic mitral annular velocity (E/e' ratio), cardiopulmonary pressures, PRA, and natriuretic peptide levels. Systolic and cardiac chronotropic function were significantly lower in @entity1 with grade 2 @entity1002 than without @entity1002 . @entity1002 was more frequent in @entity1 with @entity843 and increased PRA than @entity1 without @entity843 or with @entity843 but normal PRA. Fourteen @entity1 with @entity1002 developed @entity3182 ( @entity3182 ) type 1 on follow-up. Survival was different according to degree of @entity1002 (without @entity1002 : 95%; grade 1 @entity1002 : 79%; grade 2 @entity1002 : 39%; P < 0.001). Independent predictive factors of mortality were @entity3851 score and E/e' ratio. CONCLUSION: @entity1002 occurs simultaneously with other changes in cardiac structure and function and is associated with an @entity1503 . @entity1002 is a sensitive marker of advanced @entity82 , type 1 @entity3182 development, and mortality.

title: Diastolic dysfunction is a predictor of poor outcomes in @entity1 with XXXX , @entity101 , and a normal @entity1011 .

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['portal hypertension']

entities_list: @entity3182 :: ('MESH:D006530', 'Disease') :: ['HRS', 'hepatorenal syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['impairment of effective arterial blood volume']

entities_list: @entity4346 :: ('MESH:D017379', 'Disease') :: ['Left ventricular hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity3851 :: ('MESH:D058625', 'Disease') :: ['MELD', 'Model for End-Stage Liver Disease']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['LVDD', 'left ventricular diastolic dysfunction']

answer: @entity82 :: (MESH:D005355,Disease) :: ['cirrhosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The indications for catheter ablation have been expanded to include persistent @entity955 ( @entity955 ) to enable a high degree of sinus rhythm maintenance. We occasionally encounter @entity1 undergoing pacemaker implantation in whom sick @entity1817 became clinically evident after ablation. This study investigated whether underlying @entity1817 ( @entity1817 ) during persistent @entity955 can be predicted before deciding the indications for ablation. METHODS AND RESULTS: In total, 87 consecutive @entity1 with persistent @entity955 who underwent catheter ablation between January 2010 and July 2011 were enrolled in the study. Nocturnal polysomnography as well as transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography were performed in all @entity1 before ablation. We used the double Lasso catheter and electroanatomical mapping-guided extensive encircling @entity358 (EEPVI) method. We performed electrophysiological studies after EEPVI, and @entity1817 was defined as a corrected SN recovery time of >= 550ms. @entity1817 was detected in 42 (48%) @entity1 ( @entity1817 group); the other @entity1 showed normal sinus node function (NSN group). The @entity386 / @entity387 index (AHI) was significantly greater in the @entity1817 group than in the NSN group (25.7  13 vs. 17.5  11, p=0.002). Multivariate analysis revealed that moderate to severe @entity387 (defined as AHI>= 15) was an independent predictor of @entity1817 after catheter ablation for persistent @entity955 . CONCLUSION: The results suggest that underlying @entity1817 in @entity1 with persistent @entity955 can be predicted by evaluating @entity387 before catheter ablation.

title: XXXX in persistent @entity955 @entity1 undergoing @entity358 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity387 :: ('MESH:D012891', 'Disease') :: ['sleep-disordered breathing', 'hypopnea']

entities_list: @entity1817 :: ('MESH:D012804', 'Disease') :: ['SND', 'sinus syndrome', 'sinus node dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary vein isolation']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation', 'AF']

answer: @entity387 :: (MESH:D012891,Disease) :: ['Sleep-disordered breathing predicts sinus node dysfunction']


abstract: Neointimal @entity1373 is a critical @entity2483 , a major complication of angioplasty and related therapeutic procedures. We studied the effects of @entity407 and the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, @entity117 ( @entity117 ; @entity1281 ), and @entity10521 , on neointimal formation in a @entity19 femoral @entity1317 model. At 2 months of age, normolipidemic, @entity164 ( @entity164 ), and hyperlipidemic, @entity6970 -deficient ( @entity6970 -/-) @entity19 were divided into three treatment groups: @entity8928 ( @entity8928 ), @entity8928 + @entity1281 (200 mg/kg food), and @entity8928 + @entity10521 (300 mg/kg food). After 1 week, @entity19 underwent @entity1317 and treatments were maintained for 4 weeks. Histomorphometry of the injured arteries showed striking effects of plasma @entity165 levels and drug treatment on neointimal @entity1373 . In the @entity8928 or @entity8928 + @entity1281 groups, @entity6970 -/- @entity19 had twice the neointimal area than @entity164 @entity19 ( approximately 30,000 vs. 13,000 microm(2) per section; P < 0.0001). Compared with @entity1281 or @entity8928 alone, @entity10521 treatment resulted in approximately 70% (P = 0.0001) and 50% (P = 0.01) reductions in the neointimal area in @entity6970 -/- and @entity164 @entity19 , respectively. @entity1281 , at a dose sufficient to inhibit @entity1423 , did not affect neointimal formation in @entity19 of either genotype. Evidence of macrophages was noted in the lesions of @entity6970 -/- @entity19 in the @entity8928 and @entity8928 + @entity1281 groups, but remarkably, none was detectable with @entity10521 treatment, despite @entity407 , suggesting early steps in the response to injury were abrogated. These results demonstrate @entity10521 reduces neointimal formation in both normolipidemic and hyperlipidemic settings and raise the possibility that similar benefits may be obtained in @entity1 undergoing angioplasty and related procedures.

title: @entity10521 inhibits neointimal formation after @entity1317 in @entity164 and XXXX -deficient @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity407 :: ('MESH:D006949', 'Disease') :: ['hyperlipidemia']

entities_list: @entity8928 :: ('MESH:D020241', 'Disease') :: ['WD', 'Western-type diet']

entities_list: @entity1423 :: ('MESH:D001791', 'Disease') :: ['platelet aggregation']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['acetyl-salicylic acid', 'aspirin']

entities_list: @entity1373 :: ('MESH:D006965', 'Disease') :: ['hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity1317 :: ('MESH:D057772', 'Disease') :: ['arterial injury']

entities_list: @entity2483 :: ('MESH:C566443', 'Disease') :: ['component of restenosis']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity6970 :: (11816(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['apolipoprotein E']


abstract: A questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of a sample of 218 outpatients attending the Port of Spain General Hospital Gynaecology Outpatient Clinic. The questionnaire investigated @entity1 's knowledge of menopause, risks and benefits of @entity34 ( @entity34 ), their attitudes concerning @entity34 and menopause as well as practices of postmenopausal @entity1 with respect to @entity34 . Comparisons were made between @entity1 of differing menopausal status, educational background and ethnicity. The results showed that overall knowledge was lacking regardless of menopausal status, ethnicity or educational background. Less educated @entity1 were more inclined to believe that @entity34 was inappropriate principally because they regarded the menopause as a natural process (p = 0.023). Only 24% of postmenopausal @entity1 were practicing some form of @entity34 . A minority (7%) had previously been undergoing the therapy but had stopped. Most postmenopausal @entity1 (69%) simply never considered treatment because the majority had never heard about @entity34 . The main source of @entity1 information was from the clinic they were attending. This study reveals low awareness of menopausal information and therapeutic options in a Trinidadian population. A targeted education programme may substantially fill this void.

title: Hormone replacement therapy. Knowledge, attitudes and practices of XXXX attending a gynaecology outpatient clinic in Trinidad.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity34 :: ('MESH:D016609', 'Disease') :: ['HRT', 'Hormone Replacement Therapy']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: The broad results of the treatment of @entity1 with @entity191 who have received levodopa or its variants are reported. 50 @entity1 , 24 males and 26 females, with a mean age of 66.5 years were treated with levodopa, in daily doses ranging from 0.25g to 6.0g or 'Sinemet' in daily doses of 300mg to 750mg. Periods of treatment ranged from 4 months to 8 years, with a mean of 4.02 years. The relationships of @entity1 ' age, onset of @entity304 and interval between initial treatment with levodopa and the current clinical state were studied. @entity1 were classified according to their clnical response into 3 categories: satisfactory response, progressive deterioration or intolerance of levodopa. The proportion of @entity1 in each category was 66%, 22% and 12% respectively. The clinical results of treatment correlated with those of Webster Disability Testing Scale. Analysis showed that the majority of @entity1 tolerated levodopa and showed an initially satisfactory response. @entity1 who responded well were considerably younger than those who failed to respond. @entity1 receiving the drug for a shorter period (less than 3 years) showed a better response. After 3 years' treatment, the response declined. @entity1 who had had @entity191 for more than 4 years appeared to do less well than those with recently diagnosed disease, but many @entity1 responded well even when treatment was initiated 10 years after the onset of symptoms. @entity1 discontinued levodopa treatment because of @entity914 , @entity390 , @entity910 or exacerbation of @entity322 . The commonest side effects were @entity390 (34%), @entity551 (22%), @entity914 (10%) and 'on-off' phenomena in 12% of @entity1 .

title: Patterns of response to levodopa in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['urinary incontinence']

entities_list: @entity304 :: ('MESH:D010302', 'Disease') :: ['Parkinsonian symptoms']

entities_list: @entity910 :: ('MESH:D004409', 'Disease') :: ['dyskinesia']

entities_list: @entity914 :: ('MESH:D011618', 'Disease') :: ['psychoses']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["idiopathic Parkinson's disease", "Parkinson's disease"]

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['postural hypotension']

answer: @entity191 :: (MESH:D010300,Disease) :: ['Parkinson's disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To obtain a detailed description of the injury scene in an attempt to identify methods for prevention and to describe the morbidity and mortality of @entity1 who present to an urban pediatric @entity341 ( @entity341 ) with an injury caused by a falling television. METHODS: A retrospective descriptive study from a prospectively created database was conducted over one year. All adults accompanying a @entity1 younger than 13 years of age who was injured by a falling television were directly interviewed, and the @entity1 medical charts were reviewed. RESULTS: Twenty-eight @entity1 were eligible, and 26 @entity1 were analyzed. The median age was 40 months (25th and 75th quartiles: 31, 51 months). None of the televisions, or the furniture that they were placed on, were secured. Most parents (85%) reported that they were unaware that @entity130 could occur by this mechanism. Fourteen @entity1 suffered @entity542 , and nine @entity1 injured an extremity. Nine @entity1 were hospitalized, including two @entity1 admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 may present to the @entity341 with @entity130 caused by falling televisions. These @entity130 are usually not severe; however, the potential for severe injury exists, and some @entity1 may require ICU monitoring. Our data indicate a lack of parental awareness and an absence of primary prevention as a root cause for this problem. Thus, more @entity146 education to warn parents about the risk of injury must be implemented so that more families will take the time to place their televisions safely.

title: XXXX caused by falling televisions.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'Children', 'patient', 'child']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive']

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['emergency department', 'ED']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['head injuries']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['injuries']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['Childhood injuries']


abstract: The novel pretreatment technique, microwave-assisted heating coupled to headspace solid-phase microextraction (MA-HS-SPME) has been studied for one-step in situ sample preparation for @entity2555 ( @entity2556 ) in aqueous samples before gas chromatography/flame ionization detection (GC/FID). The @entity2556 evaporated into headspace with the water by microwave irradiation, and absorbed directly on a SPME fiber in the headspace. After being desorbed from the SPME fiber in the GC injection port, @entity2556 were analyzed by GC/FID. Parameters affecting extraction efficiency, such as SPME fiber coating, adsorption temperature, microwave power and irradiation time, and desorption conditions were investigated. Experimental results indicated that extraction of 20mL aqueous sample containing @entity2556 at optional pH, by microwave irradiation with effective power 145W for 30min (the same as the extraction time), and collection with a 65mum PDMS/DVB fiber at 20 degrees C circular cooling water to control sampling temperature, resulted in the best extraction efficiency. Optimum desorption of @entity2556 from the SPME fiber in the GC hot injection port was achieved at 290 degrees C for 5min. The method was developed using spiked water sample such as field water with a range of 0.1-200mug/L @entity2556 . Detection limits varied from 0.03 to 1.0mug/L for different @entity2556 based on S/N=3 and the relative standard deviations for repeatability were <13%. A real sample was collected from the scrubber water of an incineration system. @entity2556 of two to three rings were measured with concentrations varied from 0.35 to 7.53mug/L. Recovery was more than 88% and R.S.D. was less than 17%. The proposed method is a simple, rapid, and organic solvent-free procedure for determination of @entity2556 in wastewater.

title: Determination of XXXX in aqueous samples by microwave assisted headspace solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography/flame ionization detection.

entities_list: @entity2555 :: ('MESH:D011084', 'Chemical') :: ['polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons']

answer: @entity2555 :: (MESH:D011084,Chemical) :: ['polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons']


abstract: @entity1 suffering from @entity4943 provide important constraints on theories of the structure and organisation of semantic memory. In this article we report one such @entity1 , AM, whose progressive deterioration of semantics enables us to address the much-debated issue of whether conceptual structure is hierarchically organised. The hierarchical account predicts that @entity75 should impair lower levels of the hierarchy (property information) before affecting higher level (category) information (Warrington and Shallice, Q. J. Exp. Psychol. 1975, 27, 635-657). We evaluate this prediction by repeated testing of AM in two studies--a semantic priming task and a verification task--over an 18 month period, contrasting the progressive deterioration of properties (functional and perceptual) and category relations (category co-ordinates and category labels). Properties were preserved longer than category information, arguing against a hierarchical account of semantic memory. In addition, functional properties were most robust to @entity75 , supporting our claim that functional information plays a special role in semantic representations (Durrant-Peatfield et al., @entity3790 . 19th Ann. Conf. of the Cognitive Science Society. Erlbaum, Mahwah, NJ, 1997. pp. 193-198. Tyler et al., Cognitive Neuropsychol. 1997, 14, 511-545).

title: Going, going, gone...? Implicit and explicit test of conceptual knowledge in a longitudinal study of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4943 :: ('MESH:D057180', 'Disease') :: ['semantic dementia']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain damage']

answer: @entity4943 :: (MESH:D057180,Disease) :: ['semantic dementia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Management of @entity0 ( @entity0 ), that is, @entity0 that first presents through regional nodal or distant disease without clinical or mammographic evidence of disease in the breast, has been controversial and inconsistent. Here, we review @entity0 @entity1 treated at our institution. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective review of @entity1 diagnosed with a first primary @entity0 between March 1999 and September 2010 to identify @entity1 who presented with isolated @entity3329 proven to be histologically consistent with primary @entity0 but had no evidence of a breast mass on physical examination, mammography, or ultrasound. Descriptions of treatments received, recurrence, morbidity, and mortality as of October 2012 are reported. RESULTS: Of 5533 @entity1 reviewed, seven (0.1%) @entity1 were identified. The median age was 65  y old (range, 40-72), and the median length of follow-up was 86  mo (range, 42-124). Four @entity1 underwent modified radical mastectomy, one @entity1 had a lumpectomy and axillary lymph node dissection, and two @entity1 had axillary lymph node dissection without breast surgery. Four @entity1 received adjuvant radiation therapy. All seven @entity1 received chemotherapy. Three @entity1 received endocrine therapy, and two patients received anti- @entity1722 therapy. At the last follow-up, all seven @entity1 were alive with no evidence of disease. CONCLUSIONS: Although there was some variation in the management of @entity0 at our institution, our @entity1 had excellent outcomes after multimodal treatment. Our results support a curative intent approach to the treatment of @entity0 and illustrate the need for individualized treatment algorithms based on @entity5 biology and extent of the disease at diagnosis.

title: Occult primary @entity0 at a comprehensive XXXX center.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3329 :: ('MESH:D008206', 'Disease') :: ['axillary lymphadenopathy']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['OPBC', 'breast cancer', 'occult primary breast cancer', 'breast malignancy']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Accumulating evidence demonstrates that both maternal prepregnancy body mass index (mppBMI) and gestational @entity1017 (GWG) are associated with adult offspring @entity1386 . However, whether these maternal attributes are related to other cardiometabolic risk factors in adulthood has not been comprehensively studied. METHODS AND RESULTS: We used a birth cohort of 1400 young adults born in Jerusalem who had extensive archival data and clinical information at 32 years of age to prospectively examine the associations of mppBMI and GWG with @entity1386 and related cardiometabolic outcomes. Greater mppBMI, independently of GWG and confounders, was significantly associated with higher offspring BMI, waist circumference, @entity551 , insulin, and @entity1674 and with lower high-density lipoprotein @entity165 . For example, the effect sizes were translated to nearly 5 kg/m(2) higher mean BMI, 8.4 cm higher waist circumference, 0.13 mmol/L (11.4 mg/dL) higher @entity1674 , and 0.10 mmol/L (3.8 mg/dL) lower high-density lipoprotein @entity165 among offspring of mothers within the upper mppBMI quartile (mppBMI >26.4 kg/m(2)) compared with the lower quartile (mppBMI <21.0 kg/m(2)). GWG, independently of mppBMI, was positively associated with offspring @entity1386 ; differences of 1.6 kg/m(2) in BMI and 2.4 cm in waist were observed when offspring of mothers in the upper (GWG >14 kg) and lower (GWG <9 kg) quartiles of GWG were compared. Further adjustment for offspring @entity1386 attenuated the observed associations to the null. CONCLUSIONS: Maternal size both before and during pregnancy is associated with cardiometabolic risk factors in young adult offspring. The associations appear to be driven mainly by offspring @entity1386 . Future studies that explore mechanisms underlying the intergenerational cycle of @entity28 are warranted to identify potentially novel targets for cardiometabolic risk-reduction interventions.

title: Associations of maternal prepregnancy body mass index and gestational XXXX with adult offspring cardiometabolic risk factors: the Jerusalem Perinatal Family Follow-up Study.

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['weight gain']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['systolic and diastolic blood pressures']

entities_list: @entity1386 :: ('MESH:D018205', 'Disease') :: ['adiposity']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity1017 :: (MESH:D015430,Disease) :: ['weight gain']


abstract: INTRODUCION: To assess the prognostic and discriminative accuracy of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs- @entity10020 ) for prediction of inhospital mortality in @entity341 ( @entity341 ) @entity1 with suspected @entity281 . METHODS: Prospective observational derivation study in @entity341 @entity1 with suspected @entity281 . Prognostic performance of hs- @entity10020 (divided in four quartiles because of non-linearity) for prediction of inhospital mortality was assessed using multivariable logistic regression, correcting for predisposition, @entity281 , response and organ failure (PIRO) score as a measure of illness severity and quality of @entity341 treatment as quantified by the number of 'Surviving Sepsis Campaign' goals achieved. Discriminative power of hs- @entity10020 was assessed by receiver operator characteristics with area under the curve (AUC) analysis. RESULTS: Hs- @entity10020 (median (IQR) was 57 (25-90)   ng/L (n=23) in non-survivors, significantly higher than the 15 (7-28)   ng/L in survivors (n=269, p<0.001). Additionally, the lowest quartile of hs- @entity10020 was a perfect predictor of survival because zero @entity204 occurred. Therefore, the second quartile was used as a reference category in the multivariable logistic regression analysis showing that hs- @entity10020 was an independent predictor of inhospital mortality: Corrected ORs were 2.2 (95% CI 0.4 to 12.1) and 5.8 (1.2 to 27.3) for the 3rd and 4th quartile compared with the 2nd hs- @entity10020 quartile. The AUCs of hs-TnT was 0.81 (0.74 to 0.88), similar to the AUC of 0.78 (0.68 to 0.87) of the PIRO score (p>0.05). Overall negative predictive value of hs- @entity10020 was 99%. CONCLUSIONS: In @entity341 @entity1 with suspected @entity281 , the routinely used biomarker hs- @entity10020 is an independent predictor of inhospital mortality with excellent discriminative performance. Future studies should focus on the additional value of hs- @entity10020 to existing risk stratification tools.

title: High-sensitivity cardiac troponin T is an independent predictor of inhospital mortality in @entity341 @entity1 with suspected XXXX : a prospective observational derivation study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

answer: @entity281 :: (MESH:D007239,Disease) :: ['infection']


abstract: @entity8817 ( @entity8817 ) is characterized by the presence of @entity6017 ( @entity6017 ) for 6 months or more in individuals who have normal muscle enzymes and no clinically significant @entity425 . The aim of the study was to investigate the initial laboratory data, clinical manifestations, complications, and clinical outcomes of @entity1 with the diagnosis of @entity8817 . We reported 16 cases with the cutaneous findings of @entity6017 without clinical or laboratory evidence of @entity121 for at least 2 years after onset of the skin manifestations in the Department of Dermatology and Rheumatology at Shanghai Ruijin Hospital between 1998 and 2004. All @entity1 had Gottron's papules, periungual @entity8721 , and violaceous discoloration of the face, neck, upper chest, and back at some time during the course of their disease. Follow-up of 1 to 10 years after diagnosis found @entity425 in three @entity1 (18.75%) within 5 years of diagnosis. One @entity1 (6.15%) was rediagnosed as @entity9821 ( @entity9821 ). Four @entity1 (25%) had associated @entity5 . Twelve @entity1 (75%) had radiographic evidence indicative of @entity82 irrespective of respiratory symptoms. @entity1 with @entity8817 appear to be at risk for developing the same potentially fatal disease complications as those @entity1 with @entity6017 (e.g., @entity401 and @entity5 ). These cases further emphasize that the cutaneous manifestations of @entity6017 are pathognomonic for @entity6017 and we propose the term @entity6017 -like @entity272 as a better designation than @entity8817 to describe this distinctive subset of cutaneous symptoms. @entity6017 -like @entity272 is a complex syndrome, which includes the characteristic cutaneous eruption of @entity6017 without clinical evidence of @entity121 . Our findings suggest that @entity1 diagnosed with this syndrome are at risk for fatal @entity401 , @entity5 , and/or delayed onset of @entity6017 or @entity9821 . Cautious systematic clinical trials should be considered for this group of @entity1 .

title: @entity8817 or @entity6017 -like XXXX : retrospective review of 16 cases with @entity8817 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['interstitial fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity6017 :: ('MESH:D003882', 'Disease') :: ['dermatomyositis', 'Dermatomyositis', 'DM']

entities_list: @entity8721 :: ('MESH:D013684', 'Disease') :: ['erythema/telangiectasia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['internal malignancy', 'malignancies', 'malignancy']

entities_list: @entity9821 :: ('MESH:D008179', 'Disease') :: ['chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus', 'CCLE']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['muscle weakness']

entities_list: @entity8817 :: ('MESH:C538250', 'Disease') :: ['amyopathic dermatomyositis', 'Amyopathic dermatomyositis', 'ADM']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin disease']

entities_list: @entity401 :: ('MESH:D017563', 'Disease') :: ['interstitial lung disease']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['muscle disease']

answer: @entity272 :: (MESH:D012871,Disease) :: ['skin disease']


abstract: The @entity46280 ( @entity30506 receptor) system is involved in regulation of proliferation and differentiation in oviductal and endometrial tissues. In this study the influence of ovarian steroids and @entity30506 on the expression and activity of specific markers of transcription (mitogen-activated protein kinase; MAP42k) and translation (a potential repressor of eukaryotic initiation factor 4E; 4E-BP1) in @entity1707 oviducts was investigated. Furthermore, determination of the distribution of translationally active (polysomal) and repressed (free) mRNA, and cell cycle analysis were performed. Oviductal tissue collected at two points of the oestrous cycle (days 12 and 20) from gilts and tissues from ovariectomized gilts with or without @entity134 replacement treatment were analysed. The influence of @entity30506 was detected by culture of oviductal explants. MAP42k activity was stimulated by @entity2931 treatment, whereas @entity1420 treatment appeared to decrease its activity. High @entity2931 but not high @entity1420 concentrations resulted in reduced mobility of 4E-BP1 on @entity2975 gels, indicating its inactivation. @entity30506 and @entity2931 treatment of oviductal explants further reduced the mobility of 4E-BP1 on @entity2975 gels. High concentrations of @entity2931 in the plasma promoted cell cycle activity. @entity1420 treatment alone did not stimulate the rate of DNA synthesis. There were no significant differences in the distribution of free oviductal poly (A+) mRNA, but the amount of polysomal mRNA was downregulated by @entity2931 and @entity1420 . Increased @entity2931 concentrations are involved in the regulation of MAP42k and 4E-BP1 activation in the oviductal tissue of @entity1707 . The effect of @entity2931 and @entity30506 in reducing the mobility of 4E-BP1 on gels in oviductal explants indicates that @entity30506 may mediate the effect of @entity53 in the oviducts.

title: Effects of ovarian steroids and XXXX ( @entity30506 ) on expression and bioactivation of specific regulators of transcription and translation in oviductal tissue in @entity1707 .

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone', 'Progesterone']

entities_list: @entity2931 :: ('CHEBI:50114', 'Chemical') :: ['oestrogen']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['oestradiol']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity46280 :: ('397070(Tax:9823)', 'Gene') :: ['epidermal growth factor receptor']

entities_list: @entity2975 :: ('CHEBI:51135', 'Chemical') :: ['polyacrylamide']

answer: @entity30506 :: (397083(Tax:9823),Gene) :: ['epidermal growth factor']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6694 ( @entity6694 ) is a severe @entity16 that primarily affects females. The level of @entity2252 ( @entity2252 ) expression directly correlates with the severity of @entity6694 . Because @entity1638 (GA) stimulates secretion of @entity2252 in the brain, we conducted the study with the objective to assess its efficacy in improving gait velocity cognition, respiratory function, electroencephalographic findings, and quality of life in @entity1 with @entity6694 . METHODS: Phase two, open label, single center trial. INCLUSION CRITERIA: ambulatory @entity1 with genetically confirmed @entity6694 , 10 years or older. Pre- and post-treatment measures were compared using the non-parametric Wilcoxon signed rank sum test and paired t-tests. RESULTS: Ten @entity1 were enrolled and completed the trial. Gait velocity improved significantly (improvement range 13%-95%, p=0.03 for both tests) and emerged as an especially valuable outcome measure with excellent test- retest reliability of the 2 trials within sessions (intraclass correlation coefficient=0.94). Memory, and the breath holding index also improved significantly (p <=0.03). @entity302 decreased in all 4 @entity1 who had them at baseline. There was a trend towards improved quality of life, which did not reach statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS: This prospective open-label trial provides important preliminary information related to the efficacy of GA in improving gait velocity in female @entity1 with @entity6694 who are 10 years or older. The results of this trial justify the need for larger scale controlled trials of GA as well as provide a template for assessing the efficacy of other interventions in  @entity6694 .

title: Pharmacologic Treatment of Rett Syndrome With XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'girls']

entities_list: @entity1638 :: ('MESH:C089995', 'Chemical') :: ['Glatiramer acetate']

entities_list: @entity6694 :: ('MESH:D015518', 'Disease') :: ['RTT related symptoms', 'RTT', 'Rett syndrome']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological disease']

entities_list: @entity2252 :: ('627', 'Gene') :: ['BDNF', 'brain derived neurotropic factor']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['Epileptiform discharges']

answer: @entity1638 :: (MESH:C089995,Chemical) :: ['Glatiramer Acetate']


abstract: This study investigated the contribution of cytotoxic @entity26 -derived free radicals to the skeletal @entity121 seen in a @entity35 hindlimb tourniquet model after @entity63 and reperfusion. The free radical scavengers @entity224 dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were used as biologic probes to detect free radical activity, while @entity141 uptake by sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) was used to measure subcellular muscle function. Anesthetized @entity35 received SOD (2 mg/kg IV) plus CAT (3.5 mg/kg IV, n = 6 treated group) or saline alone (4 ml/kg, n = 6 control group) 5 min before unilateral hindlimb tourniquet @entity63 of 3 hr duration. SOD and CAT were conjugated to @entity968 to increase their plasma half-life. After 19 hr reperfusion, muscle from ischemic and non-ischemic lower legs of each @entity35 was excised and homogenized. Skeletal muscle SR was isolated by differential centrifugation and @entity855 -dependent @entity141 uptake by SR was then measured with dual wavelength spectrophotometry and a @entity460 -sensitive dye. In control @entity35 , @entity141 uptake velocity by SR from ischemic muscle was reduced by 48% compared with contralateral non-ischemic muscle (p less than .001). @entity35 pretreated with SOD + CAT showed a less severe (27%) reduction in @entity141 uptake velocity by SR from ischemic muscle. Thus, SOD + CAT significantly (p less than .01) reduced the dysfunction of SR @entity141 transport seen in this tourniquet @entity63 model. These results strongly implicate the involvement of @entity26 -derived free radicals in abnormal @entity141 transport observed in skeletal muscle after @entity63 and reperfusion.

title: The effect of XXXX -reperfusion derived @entity26 free radicals on skeletal muscle @entity460 metabolism.

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['muscle injury']

entities_list: @entity968 :: ('MESH:D011092', 'Chemical') :: ['polyethylene glycol']

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['ischemia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Exploration of the contralateral breast in case of @entity0 has been advocated by many investigators, based on the incidence of @entity5 expected to be around 10-15%. METHOD: From 1978 to 1993, 813 contralateral mammaplasties were performed to obtain symmetry in the course of breast reconstruction, including 373 mastopexies and 440 reduction mammaplasties (RMs). All these operations were performed in @entity1 treated for a @entity5 of the opposite breast. Clinical and radiologic examination before the reduction mammaplasty showed tissue to be free of evident @entity5 . RESULTS: Twenty clinically and radiologically occult @entity5 were found in the reduction specimen (4.6%). Most of them were located in the lower and central quadrants (70%). The macroscopic size of the @entity5 varied from 3 to 16 mm. @entity189 were in situ, and eight cases were infiltrating. CONCLUSION: The symmetry procedure allows a good check-up of the glandular tissue of the contralateral breast at the time of the breast reconstruction, especially when there is no evidence of @entity5 . The different techniques of breast reduction provide specific possibilities for such exploration and should be chosen according to the preferential area that should be explored.

title: Contralateral mastoplasty for breast reconstruction: a good opportunity for glandular exploration and XXXX diagnosis.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'contralateral cancers', 'contralateral cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['Twelve carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['occult carcinomas']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Studies from the USA have suggested the feasibility and acceptability of home medical abortion, however the issue has not been addressed in the UK. This study aimed to assess the feasibility, efficacy and acceptability of home self-administration of @entity396 for medical abortion up to 56 days' gestation. METHODS: @entity3927 200 mg was given orally in hospital under nursing supervision. @entity1 were provided with @entity396 tablets 600 microg and advised to take them sublingually 36-48 hours later. The main outcome measures were (1) feasibility, assessed through successful completion of abortion at home without the need for hospital admission, (2) efficacy, assessed through complete uterine evacuation without the need for further medical or surgical intervention and (3) @entity1 's acceptability of the procedure as assessed by questionnaire. RESULTS: A total of 49 @entity1 participated in this study. Of these, 48 @entity1 aborted at home while one opted to be admitted to hospital after receiving @entity396 at home. One @entity1 underwent surgical evacuation 5 weeks following abortion for excessive @entity548 and retained products of conception. A total of 43/44 (98%) @entity1 were satisfied with having the abortion at home. Side effects experienced by @entity1 included @entity390 [32/40 (80%], vomiting [17/41 (42%)], @entity294 [17/41 (42%)], shivering [26/40 (65%)], tiredness [32/40 (80%)], @entity10 [12/39 (31%)], hot flushes [14/40 (35%)], dizziness [24/39 (62%)] and unpleasant mouth taste [19/38 (50%)]. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests the feasibility and acceptability of home self-administration of @entity396 for medical abortion up to 56 days' gestation. These findings need to be assessed in the context of a randomised trial.

title: Home self-administration of XXXX for medical abortion up to 56 days' gestation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'woman', 'Women']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhoea']

entities_list: @entity396 :: ('MESH:D016595', 'Chemical') :: ['misoprostol']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity3927 :: ('MESH:D015735', 'Chemical') :: ['Mifepristone']

answer: @entity396 :: (MESH:D016595,Chemical) :: ['misoprostol']


abstract: The aim of the present study was to identify and characterize new inhibitory peptides of @entity50320 ( @entity50320 ) from @entity1237 milk and to analyze the effect of long-term intake of a @entity1237 milk hydrolysate-supplemented (GP-hyd) diet on the development of @entity101 in spontaneously @entity101 @entity35 (SHR). Three new inhibitory peptides for @entity50320 (TGPIPN, SLPQ, and SQPK) were isolated. The inhibitory concentration 50% (IC50) values of individual peptides were 316, 330, and 354 micromol/L, respectively. Only TGPIPN was found to pass intact a monolayer of Caco-2 cells in small amounts. The SHR fed for 12 wk a diet (GP-hyd) enriched in a hydrolysate containing these peptides (estimated intake of TGPIPN was 230 mg/kg per d) showed lower (approximately 15 mmHg) systolic blood pressure than animals fed a control diet. The @entity50320 activities in the aorta, left ventricle, and kidney were significantly decreased in the GP-hyd group compared with those of the control group and were similar to those found in SHR fed @entity3371 (130 mg/kg per d). Impaired endothelium-dependent relaxation to @entity934 by aortic rings from SHR was improved in those fed the GP-hyd diet. The left ventricle weight and kidney weight index were significantly reduced in the GP-hyd group and @entity3371 groups. Moreover, long-term treatment of SHR with a diet enriched in @entity1237 milk hydrolysate, or @entity3371 , attenuated the development of @entity101 , cardiac and @entity8 , and @entity409 . These effects might be related to the in vivo inhibitory effects of the hydrolysate on tissue @entity50320 activity.

title: Identification and characterization of novel angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors obtained from XXXX milk.

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity50320 :: ('102171917', 'Gene') :: ['ACE', 'angiotensin I-converting enzyme']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['endothelial dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity3371 :: ('CHEBI:3380', 'Chemical') :: ['captopril']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity1237 :: (9925,Species) :: ['goat']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Little is known about the prognostic factors for @entity151 ( @entity151 ) in Chinese @entity1 . OBJECTIVE: The aim of this retrospective study was to improve our understanding of @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) and progression-free survival (PFS) prognostic factors in Chinese @entity1 with @entity151 . METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 999 @entity151 cases was performed. @entity1 characteristics, treatments, and laboratory data, including platelet counts and serum @entity880 dehydrogenase (LDH) and serum @entity1372 levels, were collected. Potential prognostic factors for @entity1349 and PFS were evaluated by univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS: The median @entity1349 and PFS were 10.6 and 7.0 months, respectively. The multivariate Cox proportional hazards model was used to identify stage, serum LDH, and several therapy-relevant factors, including the initial chemotherapy regimen, number of initial chemotherapy cycles and combination therapy, as independent prognostic factors for @entity1349 . Furthermore, female sex, normal LDH levels, a response to therapy, receiving six cycles of initial chemotherapy, and receiving chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy and/or surgery were favorable prognostic factors for PFS. In addition, @entity1 with @entity2753 had a worse @entity1349 ; therefore, @entity2753 could not influence survival when a good response to therapy was achieved, and it failed to predict PFS. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated that several factors, including @entity1 , @entity5 and treatment characteristics and serum LDH levels are independent prognostic factors for @entity1349 and PFS in Chinese @entity1 with @entity151 . The identification of such factors will help physicians compare different populations and to interpret the contribution of treatment to differences in survival among groups. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: The value of prognostic factors in Chinese @entity1 with @entity151 : A retrospective study of 999 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity151 :: ('MESH:D055752', 'Disease') :: ['SCLC', 'small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity2753 :: ('MESH:D007010', 'Disease') :: ['hyponatremia']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The required radicality of hysterectomy for @entity1 with @entity5 is controversial owing to the risk of severe complications. The aim of this study was to determine the contribution of the sentinel node (SN) procedure to tailoring the radicality of hysterectomy in @entity1 with @entity5 . METHODS: Between April 2001 and December 2005, 54 @entity1 with early-stage or locally advanced @entity5 underwent laparoscopic sentinel node (SN) biopsy based on combined patent blue and radiocolloid detection. Thirty-nine @entity1 with @entity5 underwent a laparoscopic SN procedure with complete pelvic lymphadenectomy and radical hysterectomy. Moreover, 15 @entity1 with locally advanced @entity5 underwent an SN procedure with pelvic and para-aortic lymphadenectomy before concurrent neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. RESULTS: The SN detection rate was 83.3%. The detection rate was higher in @entity1 with @entity5 (90%) than in @entity1 with @entity1442 (66.6%) (p=0.03). At final histology, 14 metastatic SN were found in 11 (21.3%) of the 54 @entity1 . They comprised macrometastases in 6 SN, micrometastases in 5 SN, and @entity5 cells in 3 SN. Parametrial involvement with negative sentinel nodes was found in 15.1% of cases. The overall sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values and accuracy of intraoperative imprint cytology were 20%, 100%, 100%, 79.5% and 80.5%, respectively. Among the 39 @entity1 with @entity5 , five (12.8%) had parametrial involvement. In univariate analysis, parametrial involvement was significantly associated with large @entity5 size, advanced-stage disease, positive pelvic lymph nodes and lymphovascular space involvement. Parametrial involvement tended to be associated with positive sentinel nodes. CONCLUSION: These results underline the contribution of the SN procedure to evaluating lymph node status. However, intraoperative imprint cytology appeared poorly accurate, and further histological or biological tools are needed to evaluate SN status and, hence, to tailor the radicality of hysterectomy.

title: Contribution of the sentinel node procedure to tailoring the radicality of hysterectomy for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1442 :: ('MESH:D020178', 'Disease') :: ['more advanced disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['isolated tumour', 'early-stage cervical cancer', 'early-stage disease', 'early cervical cancer', 'cervical cancer', 'tumour']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cervical cancer']


abstract: The use of systemic (drug) therapy postoperatively reduces the risk of relapse and @entity204 for @entity1 with resectable invasive @entity0 . The Early Breast Cancer Trialists' Collaborative Group overview analysis confirmed the benefits of both polychemotherapy and @entity440 in broad subgroups of @entity1 . It remains a challenge, however, to quantify the risk of relapse and the benefit of therapy for individual @entity1 . If the ipsilateral lymph nodes are free of @entity3 and the @entity5 is infiltrating ductal or lobular in histology and less than 1 cm in diameter, the risk of relapse is low, so the benefits of standard treatments are too small to warrant routine use. For node-negative @entity1 with larger @entity5 or for those with positive lymph nodes, the benefits of therapy are significant, although many of these individual @entity1 will not relapse. Hence, better prognostic methods, improving the accuracy of predicting an individual @entity1 's risk, could allow for more rational treatment recommendations. The most widely used polychemotherapy combination incorporates three drugs: @entity786 , @entity1499 , and @entity1487 . The substitution or inclusion of @entity632 , which is somewhat more toxic than the @entity786 , @entity1499 , and @entity1487 regimen, is justifiable in subsets of @entity1 at higher risk of relapse, eg, those with metastatic involvement of four or more axillary lymph nodes. Because higher dose intensity (the amount of drug given per unit time) of chemotherapy improves relapse-free survival, phase II clinical trials are testing various dose-intensification strategies, and phase III trials are underway to determine their comparative efficacy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Systemic adjuvant therapy for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity440 :: ('MESH:D013629', 'Chemical') :: ['tamoxifen']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorouracil']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To establish a simple, valid, and acceptable method of predicting peak @entity26 uptake (VO2peak) in @entity1 with @entity5815 ( @entity5815 ), which could provide a basis for subsequent exercise prescription at an appropriate intensity as part of a clinical rehabilitation programme. METHODS: A total of 130 @entity1 who met UK research criteria for @entity5815 were taken from consecutive referrals for chronic fatigue to the University Department of Medicine at Withington Hospital, Manchester. VO2peak was determined using an incremental graded exercise test to exhaustion. Respiratory gas exchange, work rate, and heart rate were monitored throughout. RESULTS: In all @entity1 , VO2peak was found to correlate strongly and significantly with peak work rate (WRpeak) during testing (r2 = 0.88, p<0.001). In @entity1 who exercised for longer than two minutes (n = 119), regression analysis established the relation as Vo2peak = 13.1 x WRPpeak + 284, where VO2 is given in ml/min and WR in W. The mean error between the measured VO2peak and the predicted value was 10.7%. The relation between increase in work rate and @entity26 uptake across the group was highly significant (r2 = 0.87, p<0.001), and given as VO2increase = 12.0 x WRincrease, this value being similar to that expected for healthy individuals. Almost all (97%) subjects reported no exacerbation of symptoms after maximal exercise testing. CONCLUSIONS: Using a simple to administer maximal exercise test on a cycle ergometer, it is possible to predict accurately the VO2peak of a @entity1 with @entity5815 from peak work rate alone. This value can then be used as an aid to setting appropriate exercise intensity for a rehabilitation programme. The increase in VO2 per unit increase in workload was consistent with that expected in healthy individuals, suggesting that the physiological response of the @entity1 measured here was not abnormal. Contrary to the belief of many @entity1 , maximal exercise testing to the point of subjective exhaustion proved to be harmless, with no subjects suffering any @entity5122 in their condition after assessment.

title: Prediction of peak @entity26 uptake in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity5122 :: ('MESH:C565430', 'Disease') :: ['lasting deterioration']

entities_list: @entity5815 :: ('MESH:D015673', 'Disease') :: ['chronic fatigue syndrome', 'CFS']

answer: @entity5815 :: (MESH:D015673,Disease) :: ['chronic fatigue syndrome']


abstract: The combination of @entity6985 , @entity1749 and @entity619 (RVD) has shown excellent efficacy in @entity1 with @entity1582 ( @entity1582 ). The aim of our study was to assess the efficacy and @entity137 profile of RVD for @entity1 with advanced @entity1582 . We retrospectively reviewed the records of all @entity1 with @entity1582 treated with RVD between March 2009 and December 2011. Thirty @entity1 received >=  1 full cycle of RVD. Primary endpoints were overall response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). After a median of 5 cycles (1-16), a very good partial response (VGPR) was seen in 10%, partial response (PR) in 36.7% and @entity66 ( @entity66 ) in 13.3% (ORR of 46.7%). Disease progression occurred in 21 @entity1 at a median of 3 months (range 1.41-4.59). Eight @entity1 (26%) experienced grade 3/4 adverse events, including @entity417 , @entity1398 , @entity425 and @entity55 . No @entity1 experienced worsening @entity1897 . Although RVD has been previously shown to be effective in @entity1582 , the ORR and PFS we observed were affected by @entity1442 status and heavy prior exposure to novel agents. Nevertheless, six of these @entity1 with @entity1582 experienced a benefit of >=  6 months, suggesting synergism of this immunomodulatory derivative/proteasome inhibitor combination and/or re-establishment of drug sensitivity by an emergent @entity1582 clone.

title: @entity6985 (Revlimid), @entity1749 (Velcade) and XXXX for heavily pretreated @entity1582 .

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['stable disease', 'SD']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['muscle weakness']

entities_list: @entity1582 :: ('MESH:D009101', 'Disease') :: ['relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma', 'RRMM', 'myeloma']

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['dexamethasone']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity1442 :: ('MESH:D020178', 'Disease') :: ['very advanced disease']

entities_list: @entity6985 :: ('MESH:C467567', 'Chemical') :: ['lenalidomide']

entities_list: @entity1749 :: ('MESH:C400082', 'Chemical') :: ['bortezomib']

answer: @entity619 :: (MESH:D003907,Chemical) :: ['dexamethasone']


abstract: @entity259 ( @entity259 ) is an uncommon @entity5 of calcitonin-secreting C-cells of the thyroid gland. This @entity5 represents an important potential model for the study of mechanisms of @entity1 epithelial cell transformation. Although recent studies have identified the gene involved in familial forms of @entity259 , little is known about the molecular pathogenesis of the sporadic variants of this @entity5 . The biological and prognostic significance of @entity3559 expression, particularly in diverse @entity1 @entity5 , suggests that the @entity3559 protein could have a role in @entity1 @entity5 . Furthermore, in @entity263 it has been demonstrated that @entity3559 expression is closely associated with premalignant changes and neuroendocrine differentiation. In the present study, the expression of @entity3559 was analysed in 18 @entity1 MTCs, comprising @entity5 , @entity1373 , and one case of lymph gland @entity3 . @entity3559 expression was also examined in the cultures of a @entity1 @entity259 -derived @entity5 cell line (TT cell line). The results showed that ten @entity5 , three @entity5 (including @entity1373 ), and one lymph gland @entity3 displayed @entity3559 immunoreactivity. Indirect fluorescence immunocytochemistry and Western blotting revealed that the @entity3559 protein was strongly expressed in the TT cells. Northern analysis revealed that @entity5 and TT cells expressed the @entity3559 transcript. Although the function of @entity3559 protein in the carcinogenesis of @entity259 remains to be elucidated, its expression in the majority of cases of both @entity4310 , @entity5 , and in @entity1373 suggests that it may contribute to the pathogenesis of @entity259 .

title: @entity3559 gene expression in XXXX @entity259 .

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['sporadic and familial tumours', 'hereditary tumours', 'metastatic tumours', 'cancer', 'sporadic tumours', 'tumours', 'neoplasia', 'malignancies', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity1373 :: ('MESH:D006965', 'Disease') :: ['C-cell hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity4310 :: ('MESH:D009386', 'Disease') :: ['sporadic and hereditary tumours']

entities_list: @entity259 :: ('MESH:D013964', 'Disease') :: ['MTC', 'Medullary thyroid carcinoma']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: Background: The abdomen is one of the most frequent sites for @entity706 in @entity1 . The role of surgery has been limited to intra-abdominal resectable @entity5 or as a diagnostic procedure in case of disseminated disease. Laparotomy without total excision of the @entity5 does not improve survival; moreover, it may cause complications and delays initiation of chemotherapy. Aim of the work: This study was undertaken to assess the role of surgery in the management of @entity1 and adolescents presenting with @entity706 in order to create certain criteria to select the proper surgical modality for managing those @entity1 . @entity1 and Methods: This case-series, retrospective study was done on 33 @entity1 of @entity706 over a period of seven years from 2000 to 2007. @entity1 ' files were reviewed regarding the full clinical examinations, laboratory and radiological investigations as well as surgical and diagnostic procedures. Collected data were tabulated and statistically analyzed using SPSS program package. Results: Eleven @entity1 (33.3%) presented with huge pelvi-abdominal mass and eleven (33.3%) had generalized @entity3329 beside their abdominal affection. The remaining 11 (33.3%) @entity1 presented with symptoms of an acute abdomen. A total of 15 laparotomies were done. 11 @entity1 underwent emergency laparotomy for acute abdomen and 4 @entity1 had elective abdominal exploration. Lymph node biopsies were taken in 7 @entity1 and laparoscopy procedures were performed in 3 @entity1 as a diagnostic tool. Out of the total 33, the remaining 8 @entity1 underwent true cut needle biopsy for diagnosis of their disease. Conclusion: Surgery still has a role in treatment of @entity1893 or Hodgkin's. However, in disseminated @entity3 , @entity146 debulking of the @entity5 should be avoided as chemotherapy is to be instituted primarily. Surgical resection does not cause significant change in morbidity or mortality. Keywords: @entity706 in paediatrics, role of surgery.

title: Different surgical modalities in management of paediatric XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3329 :: ('MESH:D008206', 'Disease') :: ['lymphadenopathy']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['Abdominal lymphoma', 'lymphoma', 'intra-abdominal lymphoma', 'abdominal lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic disease']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma whether non Hodgkin']

answer: @entity706 :: (MESH:D008223,Disease) :: ['abdominal lymphoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Sexual assault is a threat to public health in refugee and conflict affected settings, placing survivors at risk for unintended pregnancy, unsafe abortion, STIs, @entity645 , @entity130 , and social stigma. In response, the International Rescue Committee developed a multimedia training tool to encourage competent, compassionate, and confidential clinical care for @entity458 in low-resource settings. This study evaluated the effect of the training on healthcare providers' attitudes, knowledge, confidence, and practices in four countries. METHODS: Using a mixed-methods approach, we surveyed a purposive sample of 106 healthcare providers before and 3  months after training to measure attitudes, knowledge, and confidence. In-depth interviews with 40 providers elaborated on survey findings. @entity910 were conducted in 35 health facilities before and 3  months after the intervention to measure healthcare providers' practice. Quantitative and qualitative data underwent statistical and thematic analysis. RESULTS: While negative attitudes, including blaming and disbelieving @entity1 who report sexual assault, did not significantly decrease among healthcare providers after training, respect for @entity1 rights to self-determination and non-discrimination increased from 76% to 91% (p   <   .01) and 74% to 81% (p   <   .05) respectively. Healthcare providers' knowledge and confidence in clinical care for @entity458 increased from 49% to 62% (p   <   .001) and 58% to 73% (p   <   .001) respectively following training. Provider practice improved following training as demonstrated by a documented increase in eligible survivors receiving emergency contraception from 50% to 82% (p   <   .01), @entity645 post-exposure prophylaxis from 42% to 92% (p   <   .001), and STI prophylaxis and treatment from 45% to 96% (p   <   .01). CONCLUSIONS: Although beliefs about sexual assault are hard to change, training can improve healthcare providers' respect for @entity1 rights and knowledge and confidence in direct @entity1 care, resulting in more competent and compassionate clinical care for @entity458 .

title: Clinical care for XXXX multimedia training: a mixed-methods study of effect on healthcare providers' attitudes, knowledge, confidence, and practice in humanitarian settings.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity910 :: ('MESH:D004409', 'Disease') :: ['Medical record audits']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['sexual assault survivors']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['psychological trauma']

answer: @entity458 :: (MESH:D020018,Disease) :: ['sexual assault survivors']


abstract: Next-generation DNA and RNA sequencing requires intact nucleic acids from high-quality @entity1 tissue samples to better elucidate the molecular basis of @entity5 . We have developed a prostate biobanking protocol to acquire suitable samples for sequencing without compromising the accuracy of clinical diagnosis. To assess the clinical implications of implementing this protocol, we evaluated 105 consecutive radical prostatectomy specimens from November 2008 to February 2009. Alternating levels of prostate samples were submitted to Surgical Pathology as @entity406 -fixed, @entity982 -embedded blocks and to the institutional biobank as frozen blocks. Differences in reported pathologic characteristics between clinical and procured specimens were compared. Clinical staging and grading were not affected by the biobank protocol. @entity5 foci on frozen @entity1710 and @entity1711 slides were identified and high-density @entity5 foci were scored and processed for DNA and RNA extractions for sequencing. Both DNA and RNA were extracted from 22 cases of 44 with high-density @entity5 foci. Eighty-two percent (18/22) of the samples passed rigorous quality control steps for DNA and RNA sequencing. To date, DNA extracted from 7 cases has undergone whole-genome sequencing, and RNA from 18 cases has been RNA sequenced. This protocol provides prostate tissue for high-throughput biomedical research and confirms the feasibility of actively integrating @entity263 into The Cancer Genome Atlas Program, a member of the International Cancer Genome Consortium.

title: XXXX biobanking: toward a processing protocol amenable for the International Cancer Genome Consortium.

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'Tumor']

entities_list: @entity406 :: ('MESH:D005557', 'Chemical') :: ['formalin']

entities_list: @entity982 :: ('MESH:D010232', 'Chemical') :: ['paraffin']

entities_list: @entity1710 :: ('MESH:D006416', 'Chemical') :: ['hematoxylin']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['Next-generation prostate cancer']


abstract: @entity49209 (HPR) has potential efficacy in the treatment of dermatologic, arthritic, and @entity5 . The teratogenicity of such a compound is of special concern in light of the known adverse effects of @entity4878 , in general, on the developing conceptus. In these studies, @entity35 and New Zealand White @entity95 were treated orally from gestation days 6 to 15 and 6 to 18, respectively, with 0, 20, 125, or 800 mg/kg/day of HPR. In @entity35 fetuses, low incidences of @entity1276 (mid- and high-dosage groups) were observed. Fetal tissue (ng/g) and maternal plasma (ng/ml) concentrations of HPR, its major metabolite ( @entity49210 [MPR]) and @entity904 were determined in separate groups of similarly-treated @entity35 3 h following the last dose on gestation day 15. Fetal tissue concentrations of HPR and MPR were approximately one-half maternal plasma concentrations. A dose related reduction in maternal plasma and fetal tissue concentrations of @entity904 were also observed. In mid- and high-dosage @entity95 fetuses, a dose-related increase in the incidence of dome-shaped head was observed. Subsequent skeletal evaluation revealed delays in skull bone ossification and a widening of the frontal and frontoparietal sutures. @entity4353 was also observed in two high-dosage fetuses. A dose-dependent and statistically significant reduction in maternal plasma @entity904 levels was observed across all dosage groups.

title: Teratogenicity of @entity49209 in @entity35 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity4878 :: ('MESH:D012176', 'Chemical') :: ['retinoids']

entities_list: @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['hydrocephaly']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplastic disorders']

entities_list: @entity4353 :: ('MESH:D008850', 'Disease') :: ['Microphthalmia']

entities_list: @entity95 :: ('9986', 'Species') :: ['rabbits', 'rabbit']

entities_list: @entity904 :: ('MESH:D014801', 'Chemical') :: ['retinol']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['rat', 'Sprague-Dawley rats', 'rats']

entities_list: @entity49210 :: ('MESH:C058346', 'Chemical') :: ['N-[4-methoxyphenyl] retinamide']

entities_list: @entity49209 :: ('CHEBI:42588', 'Chemical') :: ['N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-all-trans-retinamide']

answer: @entity95 :: (9986,Species) :: ['rabbits']


abstract: To investigate the efficacy of phonophoresis with nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drugs (P-NSAID) and @entity288 ( @entity25405 ) in the treatment for @entity923 ( @entity923 ) and to compare the efficacy of phonophoresis with local CS injection (LCSI) and splinting with a 3-month follow-up. 84 hands of 51 @entity1 with @entity923 were treated by applying LCSI, @entity25405 , P-NSAID, and wrist splinting. Electrophysiological studies, grip strength, hand dexterity, and sensory recovery of the first three digits were assessed. Duru  z hand index (DHI) was used to assess the functional hand disability. For clinical evaluation, we used Phalen and Tinnel signs. @entity158 intensity was evaluated by visual analog scale. The LCIS group showed a significant improvement in @entity158 relief and @entity6382 , but this group had significant deterioration in the results of monofilament and pegboard tests. The @entity25405 group showed improvement in sensory nerve conduction velocity, distal latency, grip strength, and DHI parameters. There was a significant improvement in grip strength, pegboard test, and @entity158 intensity in the P-NSAID group. There was improvement only in @entity158 intensity in the splinting group. We identified marked improvement in the electrophysiological studies in the @entity25405 group. Splinting had no effect on hand functions, disability, and electrophysiological studies.

title: The efficacy of phonophoresis on electrophysiological studies of the @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity923 :: ('MESH:D002349', 'Disease') :: ['CTS', 'carpal tunnel syndrome']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity923 :: (MESH:D002349,Disease) :: ['carpal tunnel syndrome']