abstract: BACKGROUND: Adults with @entity215 experience @entity4710 ; however, there are a few data on the outcomes of radiofrequency ablation. We examined the characteristics, outcome, and predictors of recurrence of @entity4710 after radiofrequency ablation in @entity215 @entity1 . Methods/results Retrospective data were collected from 2004 to 2013. In total, 56 ablations were performed on 37 @entity1 . We identified two matched controls per case: @entity1 with @entity215 but no radiofrequency ablation and not known to have @entity4710 . Acute success was 98%. Left @entity943 increased in frequency over time. The mean follow-up was 41 months; 78% were @entity943 -free. Number of cardiac surgeries, age, and presence of @entity955 were predictors of recurrence. Lone cavo-tricuspid isthmus-dependent @entity5069 reduced the likelihood of @entity955 . Right and left atria in @entity1 with @entity215 were larger in ablated cases than controls. NYHA class was worse in cases and improved after ablation; baseline status predicted @entity204 . Of matched non-ablated controls, a number of them had @entity955 . These @entity1 were excluded from the case-control study but analysed separately. Most of them had died during follow-up, whereas of the matched ablated cases all were alive and the majority in sinus rhythm. CONCLUSION: @entity1 with @entity215 and @entity4710 have more dilated atria than those without @entity4710 . Radiofrequency ablation improves functional status. Left atrial ablation is more commonly required with repeat procedures. There is a high prevalence of @entity4710 , particularly @entity955 , in @entity1 with @entity215 ; early radiofrequency ablation may have a protective effect against this.

title: Radiofrequency ablation of @entity4710 in adults with XXXX - predictors of success and outcome.

entities_list: @entity215 :: ('MESH:D013771', 'Disease') :: ['tetralogy of Fallot']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity4710 :: ('MESH:D013617', 'Disease') :: ['atrial tachyarrhythmias']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['atrial arrhythmias', 'arrhythmia']

answer: @entity215 :: (MESH:D013771,Disease) :: ['tetralogy of Fallot']


abstract: PURPOSE: To describe the current use and administration of multitargeted @entity669 kinase inhibitors ( @entity2240 and @entity2857 ) in the management of @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ) and to characterise frequent adverse events. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A questionnaire was sent to 104 urologists and medical oncologists having their own practice. The common use of medical treatment with @entity2240 and @entity2857 in @entity1 with metastatic @entity1358 was recorded. Data on the most frequent drug-associated adverse events were registered and described in a preliminary @entity1 cohort. RESULTS: Medical oncologists in private practice treat over twice as many @entity1 with metastatic @entity1358 (8/year) as established urologists. Most medical oncologists but not urologists already use multitargeted @entity669 kinase inhibitors. For the initiation of treatment, most urologists admit @entity1 to a hospital, whereas medical oncologists start and carry out medical treatment themselves. In all @entity1 adverse events occurred due to medical treatment, leading to therapy stop or pause in 53% of @entity1 . The most frequent adverse events were abnormal fatigue, arterial @entity101 , @entity294 and the hand-foot skin syndrome. CONCLUSIONS: Multitargeted @entity669 kinase inhibitor therapy in Germany is currently done predominantly by medical oncologists rather than urologists. Adverse events caused by @entity2240 and @entity2857 frequently required medical care, and in our initial series of @entity1 prompted physicians to pause treatment.

title: [Medical treatment of XXXX after the approval and market entry of multitargeted @entity669 kinase inhibitors in Germany].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity2240 :: ('MESH:C473478', 'Chemical') :: ['sunitinib']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhoea']

entities_list: @entity2857 :: ('MESH:C471405', 'Chemical') :: ['sorafenib']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['RCC', 'metastatic renal cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

answer: @entity1358 :: (MESH:D002292,Disease) :: ['metastatic renal cell carcinoma']


abstract: Aerobic methanotrophs in forest soils are the largest biological sink for atmospheric @entity577 ( @entity578 ). Community structures in 53 soils from Europe, Russia, North and South America, Asia and New Zealand located in boreal, temperate and tropical forests were analysed and maximal abundances of 2.1       10(7) methanotrophs g(-1)     DW were measured. In acidic soils, the most frequently detected pmoA genotypes were Upland Soil Cluster a (USCa) and Methylocystis spp. Phospholipid @entity1718 that were labelled by consumption of (14/13) @entity578 suggested the activity of type II methanotrophs. Cluster 1 (Methylocystaceae), USCy and Methylocystis spp. were frequently detected genotypes in pH-neutral soils. Genotypes with ambiguous functional affiliation were co-detected (Clusters @entity29817 , @entity30891 , 2) and may represent aerobic methanotrophs, @entity3265 oxidizers or enzymes with an unknown function. The physiological traits of atmospheric @entity578 oxidizers are largely unknown because organisms possessing the key forest soil pmoA genotypes (USCa, USCy, Cluster 1) have not been cultivated. Some methanotrophic strains belonging to the family Methylocystaceae have been shown to oxidize @entity578 at atmospheric mixing ratios. Methylocystis strain @entity28373 was found to have an alternative particulate @entity578 monooxygenase responsible for @entity578 oxidation at atmospheric mixing ratios. pH, forest type and temperature might be environmental factors that shape methanotrophic communities in forest soils. However, specific effects on individual species are largely unknown, and only a limited number of studies have addressed environmental controls of methanotrophic diversity, pointing to the need for future research in this area.

title: The quest for atmospheric XXXX oxidizers in forest soils.

entities_list: @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity577 :: ('MESH:D008697', 'Chemical') :: ['methane']

answer: @entity577 :: (MESH:D008697,Chemical) :: ['methane']


abstract: PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between a history of childhood @entity458 (CSA) and negative psychological consequences in adulthood, controlling for family environments and Confucian values. METHODS: The data used in this study were collected from Taipei. The final analysis sample comprised 4,084 @entity1 aged 15-24 years. Three sets of logistic regression models were fitted to verify the association between CSA and negative psychological outcomes. Sociodemographic variables, household instability, and parenting variables, as well as Confucian value variables were controlled in models step by step. The overall prevalence of CSA in our analysis sample was 5.2%. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of @entity308 , @entity148 , and suicidal ideation among Taipei respondents was 11.8%, 16.4%, and 16.7%, respectively, but young @entity1 who experienced CSA had significantly higher rates of all three than young adults who had not experienced CSA. After controlling for other covariates, the odds ratios of @entity308 , @entity148 , and suicidal ideation associated with a history of CSA were 1.78 (95% confidence intervals [CI]: 1.25-2.54), 1.77 (95% CI: 1.28-2.44), and 2.56 (95% CI: 1.56-4.29), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggested that @entity870 was an independent predictor of negative psychological consequences in adulthood. In our analysis, we controlled for household, parenting, and Confucian culture factors, which provides a better understanding of how they work together to affect adult psychological status.

title: Association between childhood XXXX and adverse psychological outcomes among youth in Taipei.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'people']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['sexual abuse']

answer: @entity458 :: (MESH:D020018,Disease) :: ['sexual abuse']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Cupping is used in various traditional medicine forms to relieve @entity158 in @entity85 . The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of cupping in relieving the symptoms of @entity626 ( @entity571 ). METHODS: In a two-group, randomized controlled exploratory pilot study @entity1 with a clinically and radiological confirmed knee @entity571 (Kellgren-Lawrence Grading Scale: 2-4) and a @entity158 intensity   >   40   mm on a 100   mm visual analogue scale (VAS) were included. 40 @entity1 were randomized to either 8 sessions of pulsatile dry cupping within 4   weeks or no intervention (control). @entity1443 was allowed on demand for both groups. Outcomes were the Western Ontario and @entity571 (WOMAC) score, the @entity158 intensity on a VAS (0   mm   =   no @entity158 to 100   mm   =   maximum intensity) and Quality of Life (SF-36) 4 and 12   weeks after randomization. Use of @entity1443 was documented within the 4-week treatment period. Analyses were performed by analysis of covariance adjusting for the baseline value for each outcome. RESULTS: 21 @entity1 were allocated to the cupping group (5 male; mean age 68        SD 7.2) and 19 to the control group (8 male; 69        6.8). After 4   weeks the WOMAC global score improved significantly more in the cupping group with a mean of 27.7 (95% confidence interval 22.1; 33.3) compared to 42.2 (36.3; 48.1) in the control group (p   =   0.001). After 12   weeks the WOMAC global score were still significantly different in favor for cupping (31.0 (24.9; 37.2) vs. 40.8 (34.4; 47.3) p   =   0.032), however the WOMAC subscores for @entity158 and stiffness were not significant anymore. Significantly better outcomes in the cupping group were also observed for @entity158 intensity on VAS and for the SF-36 Physical Component Scale compared to the control group after 4 and 12   weeks. No significant difference was observed for the SF-36 Mental Component Scale and the total number of consumed @entity1443 tablets between both groups (mean 9.1, SD    20.0 vs. 11.5    15.9). CONCLUSION: In this exploratory study dry cupping with a pulsatile cupping device relieved symptoms of knee @entity571 compared to no intervention. Further studies comparing cupping with active treatments are needed. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01057043.

title: Pulsatile dry cupping in XXXX with @entity571 of the knee - a randomized controlled exploratory trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity626 :: ('MESH:D020370', 'Disease') :: ['knee osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis', 'OA']

entities_list: @entity1443 :: ('MESH:D000082', 'Chemical') :: ['Paracetamol']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['musculoskeletal diseases']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: The causal relationship between lower @entity1729 (LRIs) in early life and reduced lung function later in childhood is unsettled. Therefore, we assessed whether LRIs the first 2 yr of life influenced lung function development from birth to school age. In the prospective Oslo birth cohort, 'the Environment and Childhood Asthma (ECA) study' lung function was measured at birth in 802 @entity1 by tidal flow volume loops and in 664 @entity1 by passive respiratory mechanics and half yearly questionnaires, including LRI questions, were completed until 2 yr of age. The present study includes 607 @entity1 with information about LRIs the first 2 yr of life and successfully forced expiratory flow (FEF) volume measurements at the 10-yr follow-up assessment. At 10 yr of age, FEF at 50% of forced vital capacity (FEF(50)) (mean 95% confidence interval) was reduced in @entity1 with at least one @entity5924 (85.0, 80.6-89.5, p = 0.020) or @entity3617 (86.2, 82.6-89.8, p = 0.030) or > or =3 LRIs (83.4, 78.1-88.8, p = 0.017) when compared with no LRIs (90.6, 88.8-92.5) by 2 yr of life. The effects were significant in @entity1 only when stratifying for gender. Among @entity1 with later @entity5924 compliance of the respiratory system (3.64, 3.17-4.10 vs. 4.18, 3.98-4.37, p = 0.031) and the ratio of time to peak tidal expiratory flow to total expiratory time (t(PTEF)/t(E)) measured at birth was significantly reduced (0. 26, 0.23-0.29 vs. 0.32, 0.30-0.33, p = 0.005) when compared with @entity1 with no LRIs. Change in lung function from birth (by t(PTEF)/t(E)) to 10 yr of age was not significantly associated with LRIs the first 2 yr of life, and LRIs by 2 yr of life were not significantly associated with lung function at 10 yr of age in regression analyses including lung function at birth and other possible predictors of lung function at 10 yr. In our study, LRIs during the first 2 yr of life did not impair lung function development from birth until 10 yr of age.

title: Lung function at 10 yr is not impaired by early XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'infants', 'girls']

entities_list: @entity5924 :: ('MESH:D001988', 'Disease') :: ['bronchiolitis']

entities_list: @entity3617 :: ('MESH:D001991', 'Disease') :: ['bronchitis']

entities_list: @entity1729 :: ('MESH:D012141', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory tract infections']

answer: @entity1729 :: (MESH:D012141,Disease) :: ['childhood lower respiratory tract infections']


abstract: During 20 years of follow-up of 5,127 @entity1 and @entity1 initially free of @entity301 in the Framingham cohort, 193 @entity1 and 53 @entity1 had one or more recognized, symptomatic @entity583 . An additional 45 @entity1 and 28 @entity1 had unrecognized @entity583 . Subsequent mortality and morbidity including angina, reinfarction, congestive failure and @entity944 were ascertained. One in five @entity1 who had a first @entity583 died within 1 year, a mortality rate 14 times that of those free of @entity301 . In @entity1 who survived the 1st year, a recognized @entity583 increased risk of @entity204 over the next 5 years to 23 percent, four times that of the general population. The next 5 years carried a 25 percent mortality (three times that of the general population). The prognosis was distinctly worse in @entity1 than in @entity1 chiefly because of a higher (45 percent) early mortality rate in @entity1 . @entity1 with recognized and unrecognized @entity583 had similar survival rates after 3 years. A second @entity583 occurred in 13 percent of the @entity1 and in 40 percent of the @entity1 within 5 years of the first @entity1188 . Thus, @entity1 were more prone to @entity204 and reinfarction than @entity1 . @entity712 occurred as commonly as reinfarction, affliction 14 percent of the @entity1 within 5 years of the initial @entity1188 . Once congestive failure ensued, half of the affected @entity1 were dead within 5 years. Angina developed in one third of the @entity1 within 5 years of their first @entity1188 .

title: Prognosis after initial XXXX : the Framingham study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['Congestive heart failure']

entities_list: @entity944 :: ('MESH:D003645', 'Disease') :: ['sudden death']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary heart disease']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarction']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'myocardial infarctions']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarction']


abstract: Primary @entity5 of the central nervous system belong to the most frequently occurring @entity5 in paediatric @entity1 . During the initial phase of disease development, the clinical symptoms of @entity1313 might suggest disorders of other organs and their diagnosis is frequently delayed in relation to therapeutic possibilities. The aim of the study was to analyse the characteristic features and duration of preliminary symptoms arising due to @entity1313 in paediatric @entity1 treated in a single centre and to try to assess their prognostic significance for recurrence and @entity204 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: We performed a retrospective assessment of the characteristic features of preliminary symptoms of @entity1313 in 81 paediatric @entity1 (45 female, 35 male) in the age range of 1.5 month - 17.2 years. Those characteristic features included the duration of symptoms until diagnosis (Pre-Diagnostic Symptoms Interval, PSI) and their correlation with the @entity5 type, its localization and size at the moment of diagnosis. RESULTS: The mean duration of symptoms in the studied group was 3 months. In nearly 45% of @entity1 PSI was longer then 3 months and in 17,5% it was over 6 months. The predominant preliminary disease symptoms were the symptoms of @entity428 (n=56, 69,1%) The longer PSI correlated with the disease recurrence rate (p=0.024) and @entity204 rate (p=0.04). When PSI was longer then 6 months, all the @entity5 diagnosed were larger then 30 mnm, however no relationship was found between PSI duration and the @entity5 size (p=0.35). There was no correlation between the @entity5 size and the frequency of @entity204 (p=0.8), but in @entity1 with @entity5 smaller then 30 mm in their greatest dimension, the recurrence of the @entity5 was more frequent. CONCLUSIONS: Duration of preliminary symptoms may have an effect on the @entity5 recurrence and on the rate of @entity204 in paediatric @entity1 with @entity1313 . Early diagnosis plays an evident role in prognosis.

title: [Prognosis of clinical course of primary XXXX in @entity1 in relationship to the duration and characteristic features of initial clinical symptoms].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity428 :: ('MESH:D019586', 'Disease') :: ['increased intracranial pressure']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'neoplastic process', 'tumours', 'neoplastic diseases', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['brain tumours']

answer: @entity1313 :: (MESH:D001932,Disease) :: ['brain tumours']


abstract: The factors that promote smoking are social, psychological and pharmacological. Social factors are by far the most important when young @entity1 are learning to smoke and remain important in maintaining the habit. Psychological factors include a series of reinforcements of the smoking habit during the day. @entity1239 plays a crucial role in smoking. Smoking is particularly addictive because it delivers @entity1239 to the brain in rapid peaks at each puff. Since smoking is a major risk factor for @entity65 , the importance of the physician in counselling @entity1 against smoking cannot be overstated. If a @entity101 @entity1 who smokes is not advised to stop smoking by his physician, the @entity1 may wrongly assume that smoking is of minor importance in his case. Motivating the @entity1 is a prerequisite for curing the smoking habit. The ideal is that the @entity1 stops smoking completely at a determined point in time. For the strongly @entity1239 -dependent smoker it may be useful to substitute the @entity1239 from cigarettes with, for example, @entity1239 chewing gum, in order to reduce the strength of the @entity1239 withdrawal reaction at a time when the psychosocial withdrawal reaction is most prominent. However, the ultimate aim is to reach a completely @entity1239 -free status. Physicians are advised to learn as much as possible about the factors that promote smoking in order to support their @entity1 in their attempts to stop smoking.

title: Antismoking counselling: methods of helping XXXX @entity1 to stop smoking.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'people']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity1239 :: ('MESH:D009538', 'Chemical') :: ['Nicotine', 'nicotine']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertensive']


abstract: The ribosomal genes (located on the acrocentric chromosomes 13-15, 21-22) may be identified by their @entity575 stained gene products, i.e. NOR related proteins. The NOR bearing chromosome activity can be observed at metaphase with the potential for all ten chromosomes to be positively stained. On the other hand, during interphase they fuse so that eventually only a single @entity575 positive structure is seen in resting normal cells. Investigations of histopathological sections of @entity1893 ( @entity1893 ) have demonstrated a correlation between the numbers of interphase NORs and the grade of @entity5 . There is generally a higher number of interphase in high-grade, and a lower number in @entity5 . This histopathological and cytogenetic study of 13 @entity1 with @entity1893 shows that the higher numbers of interphase NORs in the high-grade @entity5 is not necessarily a reflection of increased numbers of NOR-bearing chromosomes. Examples were found of high-grade @entity5 , showing the expected high numbers of interphase NORs, but not an increased number of NOR-bearing chromosomes. Conversely, some @entity5 , with the expected low number of interphase NORs, had increased numbers of NOR-bearing chromosomes. Our conclusion is that the interphase NOR number is related to factors other than chromosome numbers. We suggest that NOR numbers at interphase may be related to cell turnover. This is supported by previous investigations using DNA flow cytometry and the monoclonal antibody Ki67.

title: The relationship between number of interphase nors and nor-bearing chromosomes in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ["non-Hodgkin's lymphoma", 'NHL']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['low-grade tumours', 'tumours', 'neoplasms', 'tumour']

answer: @entity1893 :: (MESH:D008228,Disease) :: ['non-Hodgkin's lymphoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the clinicopathologic characteristics of @entity9075 and to evaluate the diagnostic reproducibility and clinical relevance of the 2004 WHO histologic classification system. METHODS: The morphology and immunophenotype of 52 cases of @entity9075 were reviewed. The @entity5 were classified according to the new WHO classification system and the clinical data were analyzed. RESULTS: Of the 52 cases studied, 45 were @entity704 and 7 were @entity704 . Amongst the 45 cases of @entity704 , 6 (13.4%) were type A, 15 (33.3%) were type AB, 4 (8.9%) were type B1, 9 (20.0%) were type B2, 9 (20.0%) were type @entity26912 (4.4%) were @entity704 . Amongst the 7 cases of @entity704 , 6 were @entity957 and 1 was @entity3270 . The commonest presentations were cough and @entity662 . Some cases were incidentally discovered by routine physical examination. Thirteen cases (25.0%) of @entity704 were associated with @entity1737 . CT scan showed that 49 cases (94.2%) were located in the anterior mediastinum. All cases of type A, AB and B1 @entity704 and most cases of B2 @entity704 appeared as well-defined homogeneous mass, whereas a few cases of @entity704 and most cases of type B3 @entity704 were poorly demarcated and heterogeneous. According to Masaoka staging system, 20 cases (41.7%) belonged to stage I, 15 cases (31.3%) stage II, 11 cases (22.9%) stage III and 2 cases (4.1%) stage IV. The histologic subtypes of @entity9075 significantly correlated with the clinical stages (chi(2) = 32.5, P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The 2004 revision of WHO histologic classification system for @entity9075 shows a high degree of reproducibility. Correlation with the radiologic, clinical and prognostic parameters is helpful in determining the management strategy for individual @entity1 .

title: [Clinicopathologic analysis of 52 cases of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['chest pain']

entities_list: @entity704 :: ('MESH:D013945', 'Disease') :: ['thymic carcinoma', 'thymoma', 'thymomas', 'thymic carcinomas', 'metaplastic thymoma', 'type B2 thymoma', 'thymoma and thymic carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity1737 :: ('MESH:D009157', 'Disease') :: ['myasthenia gravis']

entities_list: @entity9075 :: ('MESH:C536905', 'Disease') :: ['thymic epithelial tumor', 'thymic epithelial tumors']

entities_list: @entity3270 :: ('MESH:D018278', 'Disease') :: ['neuroendocrine carcinoma']

answer: @entity9075 :: (MESH:C536905,Disease) :: ['thymic epithelial tumor']


abstract: Treatment of metastatic @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ) has entered a new paradigm since the development of @entity669 kinase inhibitors such as @entity2857 (Nexavar) and @entity2240 (Sutent). Despite these advances, immunotherapy, the traditional mainstay of treatment, is not yet obsolete. Immunotherapy offers the possibility of a complete response for a small number of @entity1 with favorable disease factors. However, immunotherapy is a toxic treatment, with a significant impact on quality of life in comparison with a relatively modest survival advantage for most. As such, the search for a biomarker to select @entity1 for immunotherapy and to monitor their progress still remains a clinical and research goal for those involved in treating @entity1 with metastatic @entity703 . At present, performance status and a number of prognostic scores incorporating performance status and laboratory variables are the most widely used indicators of suitability for immunotherapy. More recently, the histological expression of @entity2030 has been reported as a biomarker of response to interleukin (IL)-2 immunotherapy. @entity1851 ( @entity1851 ) is an acute-phase protein synthesized as part of the systemic inflammatory response. It is readily measured by standardized assays and is reliable, without variability for age, sex, or bodyweight. The presence of an elevated @entity1851 is a prognostic indicator in a number of solid @entity5 , both in localized and metastatic disease. In advanced @entity703 , the Glasgow Prognostic Score, which is based on elevated @entity1851 and low albumin, has shown prognostic value. @entity1851 is also superior to the widely used performance status in predicting survival for @entity1 treated with either @entity3027 or @entity1199 . As such, @entity1851 is an increasingly exciting biomarker for predicting outcomes in immunotherapy. Currently, no other biomarker has been applicable for use in both @entity3027 and @entity1199 immunotherapy. More recently, changes in @entity1851 kinetics have shown promise as a predictive tool, although more research is required. Use of @entity1851 as a biomarker can improve stratification of @entity1 with metastatic @entity703 , allowing the @entity1 less likely to benefit from immunotherapy to avoid a potentially toxic treatment. The ongoing selection of @entity1 based on biomarkers should enable continued research on the optimum dose and timing of immunotherapy while managing @entity137 and optimizing outcomes.

title: The role of the systemic inflammatory response as a biomarker in immunotherapy for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein', 'CRP']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity2240 :: ('MESH:C473478', 'Chemical') :: ['sunitinib']

entities_list: @entity2857 :: ('MESH:C471405', 'Chemical') :: ['sorafenib']

entities_list: @entity2030 :: ('768', 'Gene') :: ['carbonic anhydrase IX']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['renal cell cancer', 'RCC']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

entities_list: @entity3027 :: ('3439', 'Gene') :: ['interferon (IFN)-alpha', 'IFNalpha']

entities_list: @entity703 :: ('MESH:D007680', 'Disease') :: ['renal cancer']

answer: @entity1358 :: (MESH:D002292,Disease) :: ['renal cell cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Both the @entity308 modules of the Hospital Anxiety and @entity308 Scale (HADS-D) and the @entity1 Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) are widely used for the screening of @entity308 . We analyzed the dimensionality and the item fit of both scales individually and across the scales. Moreover, we sought to identify items which evidenced item response bias associated with age and gender. METHODS: The @entity308 subscales HADS-D and the PHQ-9 were administered to 1271 @entity1 (mean age 67.2; 22.5% @entity1 ) undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG). Rasch analyses were performed to assess the overall fit of the model, individual item fit and differential item functioning (DIF). RESULTS: Rasch analysis revealed that the HADS-D and the PHQ-9 feature a common core construct containing six items of the HADS-D and three items of the PHQ-9. Two of these items are identical with the 2-item short form of the PHQ-9. In addition, fatigability was the only somatic item that fitted the model. No substantial DIF was observed. LIMITATIONS: The generalizability of these results might be restricted to @entity1 awaiting CABG. CONCLUSIONS: The short form of the PHQ-9 seems to be an economic and valid instrument for the screening of @entity308 , which indicates the same latent construct that is captured by six items of the HADS-D. Further studies are needed to evaluate whether the addition of fatigability might enhance the validity of the PHQ-2 in this @entity1 population.

title: Screening for XXXX : Rasch analysis of the dimensional structure of the PHQ-9 and the HADS-D.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression', 'depression']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['depression']


abstract: The aim of this study was to compare the techniques of indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and flow cytometry to clinical and laboratorial evaluation of @entity1 before and after clinical cure and to evaluate the applicability of flow cytometry in post-therapeutic monitoring of @entity1 with American @entity232 (ATL). Sera from 14 @entity1 before treatment (BT), 13 @entity1 1 year @entity34 ( @entity34 ), 10 @entity1 2 and 5 years @entity34 were evaluated. The results from flow cytometry were expressed as levels of IgG reactivity, based on the percentage of positive fluorescent parasites (PPFP). The 1:256 sample dilution allowed us to differentiate individuals BT and @entity34 . Comparative analysis of IFA and flow cytometry by ROC (receiver operating characteristic curve) showed, respectively, AUC (area under curve)=0.8 (95% CI=0.64-0.89) and AUC=0.90 (95% CI=0.75-0.95), demonstrating that the flow cytometry had equivalent accuracy. Our data demonstrated that 20% was the best cut-off point identified by the ROC curve for the flow cytometry assay. This test showed a sensitivity of 86% and specificity of 77% while the IFA had a sensitivity of 78% and specificity of 85%. The after-treatment screening, through comparative analysis of the technique performance indexes, 1, 2 and 5 years @entity34 , showed an equal performance of the flow cytometry compared with the IFA. However, flow cytometry shows to be a better diagnostic alternative when applied to the study of ATL in the cure criterion. The information obtained in this work opens perspectives to monitor cure @entity34 of ATL.

title: Comparison of flow cytometry and indirect immunofluorescence assay in the diagnosis and cure criterion after therapy of American XXXX by anti-live Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis immunoglobulin G.

entities_list: @entity232 :: ('MESH:D007896', 'Disease') :: ['tegumentary leishmaniasis']

entities_list: @entity34 :: ('MESH:D016609', 'Disease') :: ['after treatment', 'AT']

answer: @entity232 :: (MESH:D007896,Disease) :: ['tegumentary leishmaniasis']


abstract: We studied the effects of chronic @entity7965 due to @entity27 ( @entity27 ) on the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid and hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axes and on @entity2922 and @entity701 secretion. We investigated whether hormones other than @entity2661 may serve as markers for chronic @entity519 stress and the possible effects of nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) treatment on endocrine status. Nocturnal oximetry was performed in 16 male @entity1 with @entity27 diagnosed by polysomnography, immediately before nCPAP treatment and in 11 of the @entity1 the oximetry was repeated after 7 months of nCPAP therapy. Plasma and urinary @entity2661 , luteinizing hormone (LH) @entity251 , @entity701 , thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), @entity4090 (PRL), and the response of TSH and PRL to a thyroid releasing hormone ( @entity1218 ) challenge test were measured immediately before and after 7 months of nCPAP treatment. Subnormal LH and TSH and elevated serum @entity701 as well as increased nocturnal urinary @entity1063 levels were found in @entity1 prior to treatment; otherwise endocrine values were normal. There was a significant correlation between low pretreatment nocturnal arterial @entity26 saturation and high plasma and urinary @entity1063 levels. The nCPAP treatment caused significant reduction in serum @entity4090 and TSH, and significant reduction in plasma epinephrine and urinary @entity1063 . The reduction in serum TSH and urinary @entity1063 was most pronounced in the subjects with the worst pretreatment @entity7965 . No other significant changes were found in basal hormone levels. The response to @entity1218 challenge was normal before and after treatment and was not influenced by CPAP therapy. @entity27 is associated with elevated @entity2922 and @entity701 and decreased TSH and LH levels but a normal response to @entity1218 challenge and a normal @entity342 status. Apart from @entity2661 , none of the hormones studied is likely to serve as a specific marker for chronic @entity519 stress.

title: Pituitary reactivity, androgens and XXXX in @entity27 . Effects of continuous positive airway pressure treatment (CPAP).

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity27 :: ('MESH:D020181', 'Disease') :: ['OSAS', 'obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome']

entities_list: @entity7965 :: ('MESH:D006457', 'Disease') :: ['nocturnal hypoxaemia']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity2922 :: ('CHEBI:33567', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamine']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen']

entities_list: @entity2661 :: ('MESH:D002395', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamines']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['norepinephrine']

answer: @entity2661 :: (MESH:D002395,Chemical) :: ['catecholamines']


abstract: @entity424 are the most common @entity11 of the lower spinal cord, conus medullaris and filum terminale. Although there are several surgical modalities indicated in the @entity5 , total laminectomy is the conventional method used. However, surgical complications, such as @entity85 and instability are more common with this approach compared to limited unilateral hemilaminectomy. To present the clinical and radiologic results of @entity1 with a large spinal @entity424 via a limited posterior unilateral laminectomy approach in the lumbosacral region. The aim of this study was to present a modified duramater incisions and surgical positions setup, and discussed the major controversies in treatment in the literature. This article reports the surgical resection of a lumbosacrally localized @entity424 in a 25-year-old male @entity1 using unilateral laminectomy at the L4 to S3 levels. The @entity5 was removed with any difficulty in reaching to contralateral side. A follow-up lumbar magnetic resonance imaging scan with and without contrast performed 18 months postoperatively showed no residual or recurrent @entity5 . This procedure may be more difficult than the conventional total laminectomy as suturing of the duramater. However, modified duramater incisions and setup of microscope-operating table provides best facilitates to surgery manipulation. Besides, unilateral limited laminectomy protected the posterior supporting elements. In order to reduce the postoperative complications and minimize the destruction of tissue, unilateral limited hemilaminectomy is recommended for the @entity5 . This technique facilitates the return of the @entity1 to ordinary life.

title: Resection of a large spinal XXXX using a limited unilateral laminectomy approach in the lumbosacral region.

entities_list: @entity424 :: ('MESH:D004806', 'Disease') :: ['ependymoma', 'Ependymomas', 'intradural ependymoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'removal of intradural tumors', 'tumor lesions', 'removal of spinal tumors']

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['gliomas']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['spinal deformities']

answer: @entity424 :: (MESH:D004806,Disease) :: ['intradural ependymoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1760 has been proven to have antinociceptive effects in animal and @entity1 models of @entity158 . Its effect is primarily based on the regulation of @entity460 influx into the cell, which is natural physiological @entity460 antagonism and @entity3391 ( @entity3391 ) receptor antagonism. METHODS: One hundred and eight @entity1 undergoing surgery with spinal anesthesia received either 250  mg of intravenous @entity2399 followed by an infusion of 500  mg @entity2399 (25  mg/mL) at the rate of 20  mL/hour; or the same volume of normal saline (control group) as bolus and infusion. The primary end-points in the study were to evaluate the analgesic effect and duration of sensory and motor blockade. The secondary end-points included assessment of hemodynamic effects of intravenous @entity2399 and rescue analgesia requirement. RESULTS: Sensory and motor blockade, respectively, were 25 minutes and 34 minutes shorter in the control group. Less @entity1 in the @entity1760 group (33% vs. 53.7%) than in control group required rescue analgesia in the postoperative period. The control group required rescue analgesia nearly 3 hours earlier than the @entity1760 group. Only one @entity1 in the control group experienced @entity1168 . There was no event of @entity551 in either of the groups. CONCLUSION: Intravenous @entity2399 when given as a bolus, followed by an infusion, delayed and decreased the need of rescue analgesics after spinal anesthesia.

title: XXXX for postoperative analgesia after surgery under spinal anesthesia.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2399 :: ('MESH:D008278', 'Chemical') :: ['magnesium sulfate']

entities_list: @entity3391 :: ('D016202', 'Chemical') :: ['NMDA', 'N-methyl-d-aspartate']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['intraoperative hypotension']

entities_list: @entity1168 :: ('MESH:D001919', 'Disease') :: ['bradycardia']

entities_list: @entity1760 :: ('MESH:D008274', 'Chemical') :: ['magnesium', 'Magnesium']

answer: @entity2399 :: (MESH:D008278,Chemical) :: ['Magnesium sulfate']


abstract: The specific cellular underpinnings or mechanisms of @entity2690 resistance (IR) are not clear. Here I present evidence to support a causal association between mitochondrial energetics and IR. A large body of literature indicates that mitochondrial capacity for oxidative metabolism is lower in @entity1 @entity28 and @entity164 2 @entity6 . Whether or not mitochondria play a causal role in IR is hotly debated. First, IR can be caused by many factors, many of which may or may not involve mitochondria. These include lipid overload, oxidative stress, and @entity32 . Thus the first tenet of an argument supporting a role for mitochondria in IR is that mitochondria derangements can cause IR, but IR does not have to involve mitochondria. The second tenet of this argument is that animal models in which oxidative metabolism are completely abolished are not always physiologically or pathologically relevant to @entity1 IR, in which small metabolic perturbations can have profound effects over a prolonged period. Lastly, mitochondria are complex organelles, with diverse functions, including links with cell signaling, oxidative stress, and @entity32 , which in turn can be connected with IR. In summary, @entity2383 " is not merely a reduced energy generation or low @entity844 oxidation; this concept should be expanded to numerous additional important functions, many of which can cause IR if perturbed.

title: XXXX is associated with @entity2690 resistance.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity844 :: ('CHEBI:35366', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity2383 :: ('MESH:D028361', 'Disease') :: ['mitochondrial "deficiency']

answer: @entity2383 :: (MESH:D028361,Disease) :: ['Mitochondrial deficiency']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of blocking antibodies in neonatal @entity5011 ( @entity5011 ) occurring 12 days postpartum in a @entity1 born to a mother with ongoing @entity5011 . METHODS: We studied plasma filtrate, purified IgG, and monovalent @entity1334 fragments from the affected mother and serum from the neonate as well as serum samples after recovery from disease 3 months later. Experiments were performed on the hemidiaphragms of adult @entity19 and neonatal and juvenile @entity35 . Quantal endplate currents were recorded with the perfused macro-patch clamp electrode. RESULTS: A dual effect was seen. Serum from mother and @entity1 @entity308 quantal content by approximately 90% and reduced the amplitude of postsynaptic currents by 30 to 40%. The antibody nature of the blockade could be confirmed by showing that monovalent @entity1334 fragments were similarly effective as purified immunoglobulin (Ig) G. No IgG antibodies to gangliosides, fetal or adult nicotinic @entity934 receptor, or voltage-gated @entity460 channels could be detected, but IgM antibodies to the ganglioside GM1 were present. After recovery from @entity5011 no blocking activity was seen in the sera of mother and @entity1 . To elucidate why neonatal disease onset was delayed we examined the possible influence of early developmental changes in functional properties of the neuromuscular junction and applied the mother's active serum to postnatal @entity35 . Although blockade was present in 23-day-old @entity35 , it was absent in 5-day-old @entity35 . CONCLUSION: Transplacentally transferred blocking antibodies may be specifically directed at epitopes of the mature but not the fetal neuromuscular junction.

title: Neonatal XXXX : blocking antibodies transmitted from mother to @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['child', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressed']

entities_list: @entity5011 :: ('MESH:D020275', 'Disease') :: ['GBS', 'Guillain-Barr   syndrome']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity5011 :: (MESH:D020275,Disease) :: ['Guillain-Barr   syndrome']


abstract: Thirty @entity1 with primary @entity157 or liver @entity3 were entered into a program of chemoembolization with @entity900 , @entity4831 , and escalating doses of @entity11678 . Doses of @entity900 were 100/m2, and @entity11678 doses ranged from 9 mg/m2 to 24 mg/m2. Two of three @entity1 with @entity320 had partial responses in the liver @entity3 for 3+ and 16 months. In @entity1 with either @entity157 (15 @entity1 ) or primary @entity409 (three @entity1 ), there were two partial responses, for 22 and 33 months. Five @entity1 had minor responses: four with a 40% reduction in @entity5 and one with a mixed response. There were four early deaths, which involved @entity295 in two @entity1 , @entity1576 in one, and acute @entity583 in one. Otherwise, @entity137 was tolerable and reversible and included @entity490 and transient elevation of serum @entity1011 , @entity648 , and transaminases. Less common @entity137 included @entity2167 and @entity1897 . @entity409 with @entity900 , @entity11678 , and @entity4831 can produce responses, but @entity137 can be significant. The recommended starting phase II dose for future studies is @entity11678 24 mg/m2 and @entity900 100 mg/m2.

title: A phase I study of chemoembolization with @entity900 , XXXX , and @entity4831 for primary and metastatic liver cancer.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity2167 :: ('MESH:D006311', 'Disease') :: ['ototoxicity']

entities_list: @entity648 :: ('MESH:D001663', 'Chemical') :: ['bilirubin']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['cholangiocarcinoma of the liver', 'Chemoembolization of the liver']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity4831 :: ('MESH:D004998', 'Chemical') :: ['lipiodol']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory failure']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['ocular melanoma']

answer: @entity11678 :: (MESH:D013852,Chemical) :: ['thiotepa']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Many @entity281 are characterized by pronounced inflammatory lesions and @entity111 . Therefore, a therapy with a topical corticosteroid in addition to a topical antimycotic agent might be beneficial. In this multicenter, retrospective study, we compared the mycological and clinical efficacy and tolerability of @entity35563 alone vs @entity35563 and @entity35564 in 58 adult @entity1 with @entity4013 . @entity1 AND METHODS: Treatment duration was three weeks. The efficacy of the treatment was based on the assessment of several signs and symptoms, which were collected on a 4-point scale. All @entity1 were examined clinically before the beginning of the treatment, one week later, two weeks later, and at the end of the treatment. Mycological examinations were performed before the beginning of the treatment and at the end of the study. RESULTS: Treatment results with the combination of @entity35563 and @entity35564 were superior regarding erythema and @entity111 . Both erythema and @entity111 resolved in a larger percentage of @entity1 and more quickly. Both regimens were well tolerated. Mycological cure rates were similar in both groups of @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Combination therapy with @entity35563 and @entity35564 is an effective and well-tolerated regimen in adult @entity1 with @entity4013 .

title: XXXX vs @entity35563 and @entity35564 in the treatment of @entity4013 : results of a multicenter retrospective study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity4013 :: ('MESH:D014005', 'Disease') :: ['tinea inguinalis']

entities_list: @entity111 :: ('MESH:D011537', 'Disease') :: ['pruritus']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['tinea inguinalis infections']

entities_list: @entity35563 :: ('MESH:C020382', 'Chemical') :: ['isoconazole nitrate']

entities_list: @entity35564 :: ('MESH:C013486', 'Chemical') :: ['diflucortolone valerate']

answer: @entity35563 :: (MESH:C020382,Chemical) :: ['Isoconazole nitrate']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: An over-expression of @entity6440 has been shown in B cells of @entity785 ( @entity785 ) and B cells are thought to contribute to the induction of skin @entity82 in the tight skin @entity19 model. The aim was to define the outcome on safety and the change in skin score after rituximab therapy in @entity785 @entity1 and to correlate the clinical characteristics with the levels of @entity650 and with the immune cell infiltrate detected by immunohistochemistry. METHODS: Nine @entity1 with @entity785 with mean age 40.9 +/- 11.1 years were treated with anti- @entity2225 , 1 g at time 0 and after 14 days. Skin biopsy was performed at baseline and during the follow-up. @entity8410 ( @entity8410 ) and @entity650 levels were also determined at the follow-up times. RESULTS: After 6 months @entity1 presented a median decrease of the skin score of 43.3% (range 21.1-64.0%), and a decrease in disease activity index and disease severity index. @entity650 levels decreased permanently during the follow up. After treatment, a complete depletion of peripheral blood B cells was observed in all but 2 @entity1 . Only 3 @entity1 presented @entity2225 positive cells in the biopsy of the involved skin at baseline. CONCLUSIONS: Anti- @entity2225 treatment has been well tolerated and @entity785 @entity1 experienced an improvement of the skin score and of clinical symptoms. The clear fall in @entity650 levels could contribute to the skin @entity82 improvement, while the presence of B cells in the skin seems to be irrelevant with respect to the outcome after B cell depletion. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ISRCTN77554566.

title: B cell depletion in diffuse progressive systemic sclerosis: safety, skin score modification and XXXX modulation in an up to thirty-six months follow-up open-label trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity8410 :: ('10673', 'Gene') :: ['B-cell activating factor', 'BAFF']

entities_list: @entity785 :: ('MESH:D012595', 'Disease') :: ['systemic sclerosis', 'SSc']

answer: @entity650 :: (3569,Gene) :: ['IL-6']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study compares the effects of an integrated yoga program with brief supportive therapy on distressful symptoms in @entity0 outpatients undergoing adjuvant radiotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighty-eight stage II and III @entity0 outpatients were randomly assigned to receive yoga (n = 44) or brief supportive therapy (n = 44) prior to their radiotherapy treatment. Intervention consisted of yoga sessions lasting 60 min daily while the control group was imparted supportive therapy once in 10 days during the course of their adjuvant radiotherapy. Assessments included Rotterdam Symptom Check List and European Organization for Research in the Treatment of Cancer-Quality of Life (EORTC QoL C30) symptom scale. Assessments were done at baseline and after 6 weeks of radiotherapy treatment. RESULTS: A GLM repeated-measures ANOVA showed a significant @entity393 (P = 0.01), @entity1295 (P = 0.007), @entity22 (P = 0.001), and @entity1277 (P = 0.002) over time in the yoga group as compared to controls. There was significant improvement in the activity level (P = 0.02) in the yoga group as compared to controls. There was a significant positive correlation between physical and psychological @entity1209 , @entity158 , @entity1353 , @entity22 , @entity1277 , and @entity1142 . There was a significant negative correlation between the activity level and @entity1295 , @entity390 and @entity391 , @entity158 , @entity1353 , @entity22 , and @entity1277 . CONCLUSION: The results suggest beneficial effects with yoga intervention in managing @entity5 -and treatment-related symptoms in @entity0 @entity1 .

title: Effects of yoga on symptom management in XXXX @entity1 : A randomized controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity1209 :: ('MESH:D020250', 'Disease') :: ['distress and fatigue, nausea and vomiting']

entities_list: @entity1277 :: ('MESH:D001068', 'Disease') :: ['appetite loss']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['decrease in psychological distress']

entities_list: @entity1142 :: ('MESH:D003248', 'Disease') :: ['constipation']

entities_list: @entity22 :: ('MESH:D007319', 'Disease') :: ['insomnia']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Prognostic assessment in @entity1 with @entity157 ( @entity157 ) remains controversial. Using the Italian @entity96 (ITA. @entity3162 .CA) database as a training set, we sought to develop and validate a new prognostic system for @entity1 with @entity157 . METHODS AND FINDINGS: Prospective collected databases from Italy (training cohort, n = 3,628; internal validation cohort, n = 1,555) and Taiwan (external validation cohort, n = 2,651) were used to develop the ITA. @entity3162 .CA prognostic system. We first defined ITA. @entity3162 .CA stages (0, @entity34673 , C) using only @entity5 characteristics ( @entity5 diameter, number of nodules, intra- and extrahepatic macroscopic vascular invasion, extrahepatic @entity3 ). A parametric multivariable survival model was then used to calculate the relative prognostic value of ITA. @entity3162 . @entity5 stage, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status, @entity1 -Pugh score (CPS), and @entity160 ( @entity160 ) in predicting individual survival. Based on the model results, an ITA. @entity3162 .CA integrated prognostic score (from 0 to 13 points) was constructed, and its prognostic power compared with that of other integrated systems (BCLC, HKLC, MESIAH, CLIP, JIS). Median follow-up was 58 mo for Italian @entity1 (interquartile range, 26-106 mo) and 39 mo for Taiwanese @entity1 (interquartile range, 12-61 mo). The ITA. @entity3162 .CA integrated prognostic score showed optimal discrimination and calibration abilities in Italian @entity1 . Observed median survival in the training and internal validation sets was 57 and 61 mo, respectively, in quartile 1 (ITA. @entity3162 .CA score  <= 1), 43 and 38 mo in quartile 2 (ITA. @entity3162 .CA score 2-3), 23 and 23 mo in quartile 3 (ITA. @entity3162 .CA score 4-5), and 9 and 8 mo in quartile 4 (ITA. @entity3162 .CA score > 5). Observed and predicted median survival in the training and internal validation sets largely coincided. Although observed and predicted survival estimations were significantly lower (log-rank test, p < 0.001) in Italian than in Taiwanese @entity1 , the ITA. @entity3162 .CA score maintained very high discrimination and calibration features also in the external validation cohort. The concordance index (C index) of the ITA. @entity3162 .CA score in the internal and external validation cohorts was 0.71 and 0.78, respectively. The ITA. @entity3162 .CA score's prognostic ability was significantly better (p < 0.001) than that of BCLC stage (respective C indexes of 0.64 and 0.73), CLIP score (0.68 and 0.75), JIS stage (0.67 and 0.70), MESIAH score (0.69 and 0.77), and HKLC stage (0.68 and 0.75). The main limitations of this study are its retrospective nature and the intrinsically significant differences between the Taiwanese and Italian groups. CONCLUSIONS: The ITA. @entity3162 .CA prognostic system includes both a @entity5 staging-stratifying @entity1 with @entity157 into six main stages (0, @entity34673 )-and a prognostic score-integrating ITA. @entity3162 . @entity5 staging, CPS, ECOG performance status, and @entity160 . The ITA. @entity3162 .CA prognostic system shows a strong ability to predict individual survival in European and Asian populations.

title: Development and Validation of a New Prognostic System for XXXX with @entity157 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Child', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['Liver Cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'largest tumor', 'CA tumor']

entities_list: @entity160 :: ('174', 'Gene') :: ['alpha-fetoprotein', 'AFP']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'hepatocellular carcinoma']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: To determine whether bypass surgery would benefit @entity1 with symptomatic @entity731 of the internal carotid artery, we studied 1377 @entity1 with recent hemisphere @entity64 , @entity1188 , or transient @entity63 attacks who had @entity731 narrowing or occlusion of the ipsilateral internal carotid or middle cerebral artery. Of these, 714 were randomly assigned to the best medical care, and 663 to the same regimen with the addition of bypass surgery joining the superficial temporal artery and the middle cerebral artery. The @entity1 were followed for an average of 55.8 months. Thirty-day surgical mortality and @entity64 morbidity rates were 0.6 and 2.5 per cent, respectively. The postoperative bypass patency rate was 96 per cent. Nonfatal and fatal @entity64 occurred both more frequently and earlier in the @entity1 operated on. Secondary survival analyses comparing the two groups for @entity64 and all deaths, for all @entity64 and all deaths, and for ipsilateral @entity385 demonstrated a similar lack of benefit from surgery. Separate analyses in @entity1 with different @entity75 did not identify a subgroup with any benefit from surgery. Two important subgroups of @entity1 fared substantially worse in the surgical group: those with severe @entity2500 (n = 109, Mantel-Haenszel chi-square = 4.74), and those with persistence of @entity63 symptoms after an internal-carotid-artery occlusion had been demonstrated (n = 287, chi-square = 4.04). This study thus failed to confirm the hypothesis that extracranial-intracranial @entity254 is effective in preventing @entity2806 in @entity1 with @entity731 in the carotid and middle cerebral arteries.

title: Failure of extracranial-intracranial arterial bypass to reduce the risk of XXXX . Results of an international randomized trial. The EC/IC Bypass Study Group.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['strokes', 'major strokes', 'stroke', 'major stroke']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral ischemia']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['angiographic lesions']

entities_list: @entity2500 :: ('MESH:D020244', 'Disease') :: ['middle-cerebral-artery stenosis']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['retinal infarction']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerotic', 'atherosclerotic disease', 'atherosclerotic arterial disease']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic strokes']

answer: @entity385 :: (MESH:D002544,Disease) :: ['ischemic stroke']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We report a case of @entity99 induced by infliximab in a @entity1 with severe vulvar @entity30 . @entity1 AND METHODS: A 29-year-old Congolese @entity1 presented with severe vulvar @entity30 active for 7 years. In view of resistance to standard medication (corticosteroids and @entity868 ), treatment with infliximab 5mg/kg per injection was initiated. The @entity1 developed @entity99 10 days after the first injection and the disease was asymptomatic. The various investigations confirmed the direct cytotoxicity of infliximab. A favourable outcome was gradually achieved after increasing the dosage of @entity288 . At the same time, an improvement in the @entity6068 was noted after this sole injection. DISCUSSION: Infliximab-induced is rare, with only 20 reported cases. The physiopathological mechanism is unknown and a number of aetiologies have been suggested. CONCLUSION: This new case raises the issue of the need for routine liver function testing during infliximab therapy given the asymptomatic nature of this effect.

title: [Infliximab-induced @entity99 during treatment of vulvar XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity868 :: ('MESH:D008795', 'Chemical') :: ['metronidazole']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['acute cytolytic hepatitis']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ["Crohn's disease"]

entities_list: @entity6068 :: ('MESH:D014845', 'Disease') :: ['vulvar lesions']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity30 :: (MESH:D003424,Disease) :: ['Crohn's disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The anticoagulant treatment of @entity1150 ( @entity1150 ) has been historically directed toward the prevention of recurrent @entity1211 . However, such treatment imperfectly protects against late manifestations of the @entity2979 . By restoring venous patency and preserving valvular function, early thrombus removal strategies can potentially decrease postthrombotic morbidity. OBJECTIVE: A committee of experts in @entity66 was charged by the Society for Vascular Surgery and the American Venous Forum to develop evidence-based practice guidelines for early thrombus removal strategies, including catheter-directed pharmacologic thrombolysis, pharmacomechanical thrombolysis, and surgical thrombectomy. METHODS: Evidence-based recommendations are based on a systematic review and meta-analysis of the relevant literature, supplemented when necessary by less rigorous data. Recommendations are made according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology, incorporating the strength of the recommendation (strong: 1; weak: 2) and an evaluation of the level of the evidence (A to C). RESULTS: On the basis of the best evidence currently available, we recommend against routine use of the term "proximal @entity49 " in favor of more precise characterization of thrombi as involving the iliofemoral or femoropopliteal venous segments (Grade 1A). We further suggest the use of early thrombus removal strategies in ambulatory @entity1 with good functional capacity and a first episode of iliofemoral @entity1150 of <14 days in duration (Grade 2C) and strongly recommend their use in @entity1 with limb-threatening @entity63 due to iliofemoral venous outflow obstruction (Grade 1A). We suggest pharmacomechanical strategies over catheter-directed pharmacologic thrombolysis alone if resources are available and that surgical thrombectomy be considered if thrombolytic therapy is contraindicated (Grade 2C). CONCLUSIONS: Most data regarding early thrombus removal strategies are of low quality but do suggest @entity1 -important benefits with respect to reducing postthrombotic morbidity. We anticipate revision of these guidelines as additional evidence becomes available.

title: Early thrombus removal strategies for XXXX : clinical practice guidelines of the Society for Vascular Surgery and the American Venous Forum.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['venous disease']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity49 :: ('MESH:D019851', 'Disease') :: ['venous thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity1150 :: ('MESH:D020246', 'Disease') :: ['acute deep venous thrombosis', 'DVT']

entities_list: @entity2979 :: ('MESH:D054070', 'Disease') :: ['postthrombotic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['venous thromboembolism']

answer: @entity1150 :: (MESH:D020246,Disease) :: ['acute deep venous thrombosis']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Lung mass is a common radiological finding among elderly. @entity153 with @entity3 is the commonest cause of lung mass with multiple nodules in same or other lung seen in this age group. However, sometimes other uncommon @entity5 with better prognosis can also present similarly. Primary @entity706 is one of the rare @entity5 , which have similar radiological presentation but different treatment and prognosis. CASE PRESENTATION: We present a non-smoking, elderly, @entity6 @entity1 who presented with nonspecific symptoms of generalized weakness without any symptom pertaining to respiratory system. Examination of chest revealed findings suggestive of right lower lobe mass. On evaluation, he was found to have a well circumscribed lung mass on chest radiograph. Computerized tomography of chest with contrast showed a large mass involving right lung and multiple nodules in both lungs. For diagnosis, biopsy from right lung mass was done under image guidance. Histopathology revealed diffuse large B-cell @entity1893 . Evaluation for primary @entity358 was inconclusive. @entity1 was advised chemotherapy. CONCLUSION: Primary @entity706 is a rare disease and can present with non specific symptoms. Radiologically, it can easily be confused with commoner @entity5 like, @entity153 with or without @entity3 . Primary @entity706 carries different therapeutic and prognostic implications. Therefore, physicians should make every effort to achieve histopathological diagnosis before prognosticating @entity1 presenting with lung mass.

title: XXXX mimicking @entity3 : a case report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'Patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancies']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy leading to lung metastases']

entities_list: @entity153 :: ('MESH:D002283', 'Disease') :: ['bronchogenic carcinoma', 'Bronchogenic carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ['non-Hodgkins lymphoma']

answer: @entity706 :: (MESH:D008223,Disease) :: ['Pulmonary lymphoma']


abstract: The cell body of Trypanosomatidae is enclosed in densely packed, crosslinked, subpellicular microtubules closely underlying the plasma membrane. We isolated the subpellicular microtubules from bloodstream @entity3177 parasites by use of a zwitterion detergent. These cold stable structures were solubilized by a high ionic strength salt solution, and the soluble proteins that contained tubulin along with several other proteins were further fractionated by Mono S cation exchange column chromatography. Two distinct peaks were eluted containing one protein each, which had an apparent molecular weight of 52 kDa and 53 kDa. (Mr was determined by @entity214 -gel electrophoresis). Only the 52 kDa protein showed specific tubulin binding properties, which were demonstrated by exposure of @entity12142 -bound trypanosome proteins to brain tubulin. When this protein was added to brain tubulin in the presence of @entity1311 and @entity3007 , microtubule bundles were formed with regular crosslinks between the parallel closely packed microtubules. The crosslinks were about 7.2 nm apart (center to center). Under the same conditions, but with the 53 kDA protein or without trypanosome derived proteins, brain tubulin polymerized to single microtubules. It is thus suggested that the unique structural organization of the subpellicular microtubules is dictated by specific parasite proteins and is not an inherent property of the polymerizing tubulin. The in vitro reconstituted microtubule bundles are strikingly similar to the subpellicular microtubule network of the parasite.

title: Isolation of a subpellicular microtubule protein from XXXX that mediates crosslinking of microtubules.

entities_list: @entity3177 :: ('5691', 'Species') :: ['Trypanosoma brucei']

entities_list: @entity12142 :: ('CHEBI:53325', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrocellulose']

answer: @entity3177 :: (5691,Species) :: ['Trypanosoma brucei']


abstract: OBJECT: The goal of this study was to characterize the anatomy relevant to placement of crossing @entity3627 translaminar screws, including morphometric data, and to evaluate the risk of violating the vertebral artery (VA) during the screw placement. Placement of bilateral crossing @entity3627 translaminar screws has become an increasingly popular method for dorsal @entity3627 instrumentation as it is felt to avoid the known risk of @entity1317 associated with C1-2 transarticular screw fixation and @entity6746 lateral mass- @entity3627 pars screw fixation. METHODS: The source images from 50 CT angiograms of the neck obtained from October to November 2007 were studied. Digital imaging software was used to measure lamina thickness and maximum screw length, perform angulation of screw trajectories in the axial plane, and evaluate the potential for @entity1317 . In cases where the VA could be injured, the distance between the maximal screw length and artery was measured. Logistic regression was performed to evaluate lamina width, axial angle, and screw length for predicting the potential for @entity1317 . RESULTS: Mean lamina thickness, axial angle, and maximal screw length were determined for 100 laminae, and a potential for @entity1317 was noted in 55 laminae. The anatomically defined ideal screw length was longer in laminae with potential for @entity1317 than in laminae with no apparent risk (35.2 vs 33.6 mm, p = 0.0131). Only increasing optimal screw length was noted to be a statistically significant predictor of potential @entity1317 (p = 0.0159). The "buffer zone" (the distance between an optimally placed screw and the VA) was 5.6    1.9 mm (mean    SD, range 1.8-11.4 mm). A screw limited to 28 mm in length appeared to be safe in all laminae studied. CONCLUSIONS: Crossing @entity3627 translaminar screws have been reported to be safe and effective. In addition to morphometric characteristics, the authors have found that screws placed in this trajectory could jeopardize the vertebral arteries in the foramen transversarium or the C1-2 interval. A @entity3627 translaminar screw limited to 28 mm in length appeared to be safe in all 100 screw trajectories studied in this series.

title: Risk to the vertebral artery during XXXX translaminar screw placement: a thin-cut computerized tomography angiogram-based morphometric analysis: clinical article.

answer: @entity3627 :: (717,Gene) :: ['C-2']


abstract: The present study investigates a @entity5 model for cachectic @entity19 . Among various @entity19 transplantable @entity5 , used for assessing cytostatics, we identified colon 26 @entity420 (colon 26) as capable of causing @entity3085 . Fifteen days after inoculation, the @entity5 grew to about 6% of the body weight causing substantial carcass @entity353 of 3.4 g (14.5% of the carcass weight). When the @entity5 size was 2.7 g at 3 weeks after the inoculation, the carcass weight was 12 g less than the age-matched control. The @entity5 continued to grow while the @entity19 maintained this weight, surviving for an average of 45 days. This extensive @entity353 was essentially the wasting of adipose and muscle tissues. @entity4053 and @entity6392 occurred during the time of the @entity353 . In addition, the colon 26 caused @entity409 : the concentration of acute phase proteins in serum increased; the number of hepatic glucocorticoid-cytosol receptors decreased; and activities of hepatic catalase and drug-metabolizing enzymes decreased. On the other hand, noncachectic @entity19 with Meth A @entity1492 gained weight, which was somewhat less than the control, and had neither @entity4053 nor @entity6392 , although some mild @entity409 were found. @entity19 bearing colon 26 is an appropriate model for elucidating the mechanism that causes @entity3085 .

title: Experimental cancer @entity3085 induced by transplantable colon 26 XXXX in @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['disorders of hepatic functions']

entities_list: @entity4053 :: ('MESH:D007003', 'Disease') :: ['Hypoglycemia', 'hypoglycemia']

entities_list: @entity1492 :: ('MESH:D005354', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity6392 :: ('MESH:D000308', 'Disease') :: ['hypercorticism']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity420 :: (MESH:D000230,Disease) :: ['adenocarcinoma']


abstract: @entity157 and @entity0 are the most prevalent @entity5 in the world with high morbidity and mortality. Although there are effective drugs for treating @entity0 , the prognosis for @entity1 with @entity96 remains poor, and @entity1 with @entity0 show considerable mortality. Therefore, it is crucial to explore new therapeutic agents for the inhibition of @entity105 . This study examined the anti-carcinogenic effect of Vitis labrusca seed extract (VLE), which is a component of winery waste, on liver (HepG2) and @entity0 (MCF-7) cells. The results found in this study demonstrated VLEinduced DNA damage in liver and @entity0 cells. VLE treatment in both cell lines was accompanied by high NO production and upregulation of @entity876 . A significant decrease in total @entity9190 expression was also found in HepG2 cells. In the MCF-7 cell line, VLE treatment increased the expression of @entity589 and AIF, and decreased total @entity9190 expression. Surprisingly, VLE suppressed @entity1722 expression in HepG2 cells and caused a subtle, but significant downregulation of @entity1722 in MCF-7 cells. The possible anti-carcinogenic effect of VLE reported in this study suggests the potential of this extract to be used for the development of novel therapeutic agents for the treatment of different kinds of @entity5 .

title: Suppression of oncoprotein XXXX and DNA damage after treatment with Flavan-3- ol vitis labrusca extract.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancers', 'breast cancer', 'advanced stages of liver and breast cancers']

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['liver cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['Hepatocellular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity105 :: ('MESH:D063646', 'Disease') :: ['carcinogenesis']

answer: @entity1722 :: (2064,Gene) :: ['Her-2']


abstract: Post Traumatic @entity66 is a frequent consequence of surviving the stress of the war. The majority of research studies confirm that the severity, duration and the proximity to the traumatic events have significant influence on the outcome of surviving @entity130 . There is also evidence that the prisoners of war who have survived severe, repetitive traumatization will develop @entity1005 more frequently, and that the characteristics and the severity of symptoms is more serious compared with the veterans of war who did not survive imprisonment. This paper analyzes the presence of the symptoms of @entity1005 according to frequency in a group of former prisoners of war and a group of war veterans who did not experience imprisonment. The research sample is comprised of subjects who were selected by the method of randomized stratified sample and divided an experimental and control group. Experimental subgroup E1 consist of 50 former prisoners of war who have sought @entity146 help after being released from the prisons, and subgroup E2 consist of 50 former prisoners of war who never sought @entity146 assistance. Control group is divided in subgroup K1 that consist of 30 veterans of war who did not survive imprisonment, and who have occasionally sought @entity146 assistance after the war, and subgroup K2 that consist of 30 veterans of war who did not survive imprisonment and who never sought @entity146 assistance. All subjects were male, none of them had any prior @entity146 history. The instruments used in the study were the following: general and sociobiographic questionnaire designed by the authors, traumatic events questionnaire which is a modified version of the @entity130 Questionnaire, @entity1005 questionnaire designed according to DSM IV diagnostic criteria. Results in relation to degree of traumatic experience demonstrate that there is a significant statistical difference (P<0.005) between the experimental and control group. PTSP is statistically significantly more represented among the former prisoners of war than among the war veterans who were not detained in camps (P<0.05). Average scores for all symptom clusters (fear and helplessness, re-experiencing symptoms, avoidance symptoms, and @entity19824 ) were higher in the experimental group than in a control group.

title: Characteristics of XXXX in ex prisoners of war.

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['Stress Disorder']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

entities_list: @entity19824 :: ('MESH:D020921', 'Disease') :: ['hyper-arousal symptoms']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['psychological trauma', 'Harvard Trauma']

answer: @entity1005 :: (MESH:D013313,Disease) :: ['posttraumatic stress disorder']


abstract: @entity233 poults were offered ad libitum a diet containing 2.5 g salt/kg and tap water containing, 0, 90 or 105 mn @entity1219 to drink from 1 to 12 d of age. 2. High mortality with oedbema and @entity843 occurred mainly from 5 to 8 d in poults given the saline solutions. Mortality seemed to be related to salt and water intakes. 3. Plasma and body composition indicated abnormal retention of salt and water in poults younger than 12 d of age offered @entity2421 saline. 4. In a second experiment using the same diet poults were offered @entity2421 saline (105 mn @entity1219 in tap water) from 5, 9 or 13 d of age. High mortality with @entity4 and @entity843 was only observed when saline was given from 5 or 9 d. 5. The results suggest that from about 5 to 10 d of age there is a relative functional @entity177 which causes susceptibility to the toxic effects of saline water.

title: The toxic effects of saline drinking water on young XXXX poults.

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['oedema']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity2421 :: ('MESH:D009123', 'Disease') :: ['hypotonic']

answer: @entity233 :: (9103,Species) :: ['turkey']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To report the ocular findings associated with @entity3377 . DESIGN: Cohort study. @entity1 : One hundred thirty-two @entity1 with the diagnosis of @entity3377 . METHODS: Ocular manifestations of 132 @entity1 with @entity3377 admitted to the @entity1596 -Beh  et Service of Ophthalmology Department at the Ankara Education and Research Hospital in @entity233 between May 1992 and May 2006 were evaluated prospectively. The diagnosis of @entity3377 was based on clinical signs, Brucella agglutination tests, and blood cultures. RESULTS: @entity2194 was detected in 21% of @entity3377 @entity1 . The most frequent manifestations were anterior @entity1596 (41%) and @entity3193 (32%), followed by @entity5863 (9%), @entity1829 (9%), and @entity5861 (9%). Forty-one percent of these @entity1 were in the acute stage and 59% were in the chronic stage of @entity3377 . Interestingly, all the @entity1 with anterior @entity1596 were in the acute stage and all the other @entity1 with @entity3193 , @entity1829 , and @entity5861 were in the chronic stage. All @entity1 responded well to systemic antibiotic treatment along with topical or systemic @entity228 treatment. No recurrence of ocular manifestations was detected during the follow-up period, after completion of a 2-month systemic antibiotic treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Because ocular involvement of @entity3377 is frequent in endemic regions, detailed ophthalmic examination of all @entity1 with @entity3377 should be done routinely. @entity2194 should be considered in the differential diagnosis of all forms of @entity1596 or @entity3193 in endemic regions, and these @entity1 should undergo serologic screening for @entity3377 .

title: @entity2194 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity2194 :: ('MESH:D005128', 'Disease') :: ['Ocular brucellosis', 'Ocular involvement']

entities_list: @entity3377 :: ('MESH:D002006', 'Disease') :: ['brucellosis']

entities_list: @entity5863 :: ('MESH:D015864', 'Disease') :: ['panuveitis']

entities_list: @entity1596 :: ('MESH:D014605', 'Disease') :: ['Uveitis', 'uveitis']

entities_list: @entity228 :: ('CHEBI:50858', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroid']

entities_list: @entity1829 :: ('MESH:D010211', 'Disease') :: ['papilledema']

entities_list: @entity3193 :: ('MESH:D015862', 'Disease') :: ['choroiditis']

entities_list: @entity5861 :: ('MESH:D012166', 'Disease') :: ['retinal hemorrhages']

answer: @entity3377 :: (MESH:D002006,Disease) :: ['brucellosis']


abstract: PURPOSE OF STUDY: @entity1643 is one of the most prevalent and disabling musculoskeletal conditions affecting the working population in the United States. Informed, shared decision making among @entity1 , clinicians, and case managers about treatment options for chronic @entity1643 -including the role of spinal fusion where medically necessary-can have a meaningful impact on return to work, normal function, and economic outcomes. Minimally invasive techniques for lumbar spinal fusion, including transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion ( @entity248 TLIF) have recently been introduced with the goal of smaller operative wounds, less tissue @entity130 , and faster postoperative recovery when compared with open fusion. Although similar long-term clinical outcomes have been reported for @entity248 TLIF and open TLIF, the relative merits with respect to workplace productivity have not been comprehensively investigated. Time to return to work and @entity4784 independence after @entity248 TLIF and open TLIF are important parameters that may affect overall workplace productivity, and as such are the focus of this study. PRIMARY PRACTICE SETTING(S): This study was performed via a review of the literature. METHODOLOGY AND SAMPLE: We performed a systematic literature review to identify all published articles that reported on the postoperative outcomes of @entity1 , as assessed by return to work or @entity4784 independence status or both, following @entity248 TLIF or open TLIF. A cumulative comparison was made for all included @entity248 TLIF versus open TLIF surgeries. RESULTS: Seventy-four published studies reported postoperative outcomes following @entity248 TLIF or open TLIF; only five (6.8%) studies directly described time to return to work or duration of @entity4784 postoperatively or both, and were therefore included into the analysis of this review. Four studies in the published literature describe time to return to work following @entity248 TLIF or open TLIF, and two studies describe time to @entity4784 independence. Overall, the reviewed literature suggests that @entity248 TLIF may be associated with an accelerated time to @entity4784 independence and return to work versus open TLIF. IMPLICATIONS FOR CASE MANAGEMENT PRACTICE: There are limited data regarding time to return to work and duration of postoperative @entity4784 following TLIF for @entity1643 . The available data appear to suggest that @entity248 TLIF may be associated with accelerated return to work and @entity4784 independence compared with open TLIF. Further analysis will be necessary to quantify the impact of @entity248 TLIF on workplace productivity and the indirect costs borne by @entity1 and employers. Such information will be of value to case managers, disability managers, employers, @entity1 , and clinicians aligned on reducing morbidity and hastening return to normal function.

title: Effect of minimally invasive technique on return to work and XXXX following transforaminal lumbar inter-body fusion: a review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1643 :: ('MESH:D017116', 'Disease') :: ['Low back pain', 'low back pain']

entities_list: @entity4784 :: ('MESH:D009293', 'Disease') :: ['narcotic', 'narcotic use']

answer: @entity4784 :: (MESH:D009293,Disease) :: ['narcotic use']


abstract: Previous studies have suggested that fetal PRL secretion does not respond to stimuli such as @entity1218 , @entity1769 , and @entity4444 . It was postulated that the lack of response to @entity1218 could be due to the possibility that, in the term fetus, lactotropes secrete PRL maximally and would be unresponsive to further stimulation. In order to study this hypothesis, 200 micrograms @entity1218 or saline were administered to preterm pregnant @entity1 in labor. Maternal blood was obtained before @entity1218 and saline administration. Maternal and cord blood were obtained at parturition. PRL, TSH, T4 and T3 concentrations were measured in all sera. @entity1218 administration induced a significant increase in maternal serum PRL, TSH and T3 concentrations. In the cord blood of newborns whose mothers received @entity1218 , serum TSH, T4 and T3 concentrations were significantly higher than in cord blood of newborns whose mothers received saline. Cord blood serum PRL concentrations were unchanged after @entity1218 administration. This latter finding suggests that fetal lactotropes do not respond to @entity1218 in the preterm fetus. Desensitization of fetal PRL secreting cells to @entity1218 stimulation and/or the inhibitory effect of elevated fetal circulating corticosteroids on @entity1218 -induced PRL secretion may explain the absent PRL response to @entity1218 during fetal life.

title: Thyrotropin releasing hormone does not stimulate prolactin release in the preterm XXXX fetus.

entities_list: @entity4444 :: ('MESH:D002927', 'Chemical') :: ['cimetidine']

entities_list: @entity1769 :: ('MESH:D008787', 'Chemical') :: ['metoclopramide']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: Effects of essential @entity1718 on nerve conduction, @entity519 resistance, skeletal muscle contractile properties, and capillary density were examined in @entity3839 -induced @entity6 @entity35 . Nondiabetic and @entity6 controls and three @entity6 groups treated with 10% supplements of @entity4336 oil, evening primrose oil ( @entity27688 ), or a mixture of 80% evening primrose oil and 20% fish oil ( @entity27688 Marine) for 2 mo were used. @entity27688 and @entity27688 Marine increased plasma @entity18943 levels, but @entity1426 was elevated only with @entity27688 . @entity6 resulted in 15-29% reductions in sciatic motor and sensory saphenous nerve conduction velocity. @entity27688 prevented conduction deficits more effectively than @entity27688 Marine, and @entity4336 oil had no effect. In vitro measurement of sciatic nerve @entity519 resistance revealed a 49% increase in the time taken for action potential amplitude to decline by 50% with @entity6 . @entity4336 oil had no significant effect. With @entity27688 , @entity519 resistance was within the nondiabetic range. @entity27688 Marine produced intermediate results. Functional improvements may relate to enhanced vasa nervorum perfusion, because endoneurial capillary density increased by 22% with @entity27688 , angiogenesis perhaps resulting from @entity9610 production from @entity1426 . Soleus muscle contractions were prolonged by @entity6 . This was partially corrected by treatment, @entity27688 being most effective. Extensor digitorum longus muscle had reduced tetanic tension with @entity6 , and this was prevented by all treatments. Soleus showed a modest increase in capillarization with @entity27688 , which may have contributed to reduced susceptibility to fatigue. The data suggest involvement of abnormal @entity844 metabolism in the etiology of @entity3949 and @entity121 .

title: Essential @entity844 diet supplementation. Effects on peripheral nerve and skeletal muscle function and capillarization in @entity3839 -induced @entity6 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity844 :: ('CHEBI:35366', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetes', 'diabetic', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity9610 :: ('CHEBI:23899', 'Chemical') :: ['eicosanoid']

entities_list: @entity3839 :: ('MESH:D013311', 'Chemical') :: ['streptozocin']

entities_list: @entity1426 :: ('MESH:D016718', 'Chemical') :: ['arachidonic acid']

entities_list: @entity3949 :: ('MESH:D003929', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity18943 :: ('MESH:D017965', 'Chemical') :: ['gamma-linolenic acid']

entities_list: @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['myopathy']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Mass lesions arising in the scalp or the cranial vault of @entity1 require a significant diagnostic work-up but their nature, in most instances, can only be clarified after histopathological study. @entity5 of osseous consistency or merging from within cranial bones are seldom susceptible of fine needle aspiration biopsy and require excision. Ossified cephalhematoma is a rare entity that is usually related to perinatal or accidental @entity130 . Exceptionally, ossified cephalhematoma has a non-traumatic origin and arises from a different condition, as @entity5 or @entity600 . DISCUSSION: Cavernomas of the skull are infrequent and occur in middle-aged individuals. Skull cavernomas in @entity1 lack the sunburst radiographic pattern seen in adults and may present as a bone-like @entity5 whose appearance is identical to that of ossified cephalhematoma. A literature search showed only two previous reports of @entity1 younger than 1 year with skull cavernomas presenting with associated ossified cephalhematomas. We hypothesize that this type of skull cavernomas are congenital in origin and that they manifest precociously due to the occurrence of @entity548 . CASE ILLUSTRATION: We report a 12-month-old @entity1 presenting with a hard @entity5 arising on his right parietal bone that was present since birth. After diagnostic work-up, the @entity3478 and the associated intraosseous @entity1410 were removed. Interestingly, the source of the @entity1410 was a @entity2477 originating in the skull. CONCLUSIONS: Calvarial @entity2477 may bleed precociously, even before birth, and manifest as large intraosseous @entity1410 . Differential diagnosis against ossified cephalhematoma can only be established through histopathological study.

title: @entity2477 of the cranial vault in XXXX : a case-based update.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'infants', 'boy']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['early bleeding']

entities_list: @entity3478 :: ('MESH:D001859', 'Disease') :: ['bone tumor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumors', 'vascular tumor']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['malformation']

entities_list: @entity1410 :: ('MESH:D006406', 'Disease') :: ['hematomas', 'hematoma']

entities_list: @entity2477 :: ('MESH:D006392', 'Disease') :: ['cavernous hemangioma', 'cavernous hemangiomas']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['infants']


abstract: @entity56 are a worldwide health problem. They mainly affect @entity1 living in developed countries where an increasing prevalence of @entity566 has been recorded in the last 20-30 years. The cause of this increase is still disputed, and, among others, the "hygiene hypothesis" supported the concept that relevant changes in lifestyle could have a relationship with the phenomenon. More recently the recorded parallel increase in @entity792 has suggested to consider the "hygiene hypothesis" as a cause of a more general disregulation of the immune system leading to both @entity566 and to @entity792 . Here are reported a series of observations, evidence, and data from the literature leading to a different hypothesis. The key points are: (1) the presence of two subsets of @entity1 having @entity566 based on an IgE-mediated mechanism or not; (2) the positive results obtained with the autologous serum skin test in either cutaneous or respiratory affected subjects, mainly in @entity1 and adult females; (3) the presence of IgG autoantibodies against the @entity7722 of the high affinity IgE receptor (FcepsilonRIalpha) in non-IgE-mediated @entity110 and even in respiratory subjects; (4) the cross-reactivity between epitopes of the @entity116 toxoid molecule and the FcepsilonRIalpha detected by means of an @entity7722 affinity purified IgG fraction; (5) the positive skin reactivity obtained using IgG anti- @entity116 toxoid preparations in @entity56 . The presence of IgG autoantibodies actively generated by the population-based vaccination with @entity116 toxoid could induce both mediator release from activated mast cell and Th2 cytokine production early in life. There are epidemiological evidences that @entity116 toxoid vaccination could be linked with an increased tendency to have @entity566 . The different epidemiological distribution of non-IgE-mediated symptoms, mainly affecting young @entity1 would be in agreement with the present hypothesis. The prevalent mother-to- @entity1 relationship in terms of risk for @entity566 could be explained with the trans-placenta transfer of IgG. A similar transfer could also take place through the mother milk during breast feeding. It may thus be hypothesized that the increased prevalence of @entity56 could be caused by the generalized @entity116 toxoid immunization procedure, progressively extended to most of the countries worldwide in the last 30-40 years. Both the induction of non-IgE-mediated symptoms caused by the mast cell activation via the anti-FcepsilonRIalpha IgG and the long lasting Th2 inflammation of affected tissues would be the inducing mechanisms. This hypothesis would re-configure part of the @entity56 as a Th2 phenotypic expression of an @entity792 .

title: Is there a causative role for @entity116 toxoid vaccination in the development of XXXX -like symptoms and in the increasing prevalence of atopic diseases?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['child', 'children', 'patients', 'infants', 'people']

entities_list: @entity566 :: ('MESH:D006967', 'Disease') :: ['allergy', 'allergy symptoms']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic diseases', 'allergic and non-allergic volunteers', 'Allergic diseases']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmunity', 'autoimmune disease', 'autoimmune diseases']

entities_list: @entity110 :: ('MESH:D014581', 'Disease') :: ['urticaria']

answer: @entity566 :: (MESH:D006967,Disease) :: ['allergy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The multi-stage hypothesis suggests that @entity5 develop through a single defined series of genetic alterations. This hypothesis was first suggested over 50 years ago based upon age-specific incidence data. However, recent molecular studies of @entity5 indicate that multiple routes exist to the formation of @entity5 , not a single route. This parallel route hypothesis has not been tested with age-specific incidence data. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: To test the parallel route hypothesis, I formulated it in terms of a mathematical equation and then tested whether this equation was consistent with age-specific incidence data compiled by the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) @entity5 registries since 1973. I used the chi-squared goodness of fit test to measure consistency. The age-specific incidence data from most @entity1 @entity189 , including those of the colon, lung, prostate, and breast were consistent with the parallel route hypothesis. However, this hypothesis is only consistent if an immune sub-population exists, one that will never develop @entity189 . Furthermore, @entity0 has two distinct forms of the disease, and one of these occurs at significantly different rates in different racial groups. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: I conclude that the parallel route hypothesis is consistent with the age-specific incidence data only if @entity189 occurs in a distinct sub population, while the multi-stage hypothesis is inconsistent with this data.

title: Parallel routes of XXXX @entity189 development: implications of the age-specific incidence data.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomas', 'carcinoma']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']