abstract: BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Epigenetic deregulation may be involved in @entity5 cell biology, including differentiation, @entity5 progression, and cell death, and histone acetylation is a major regulatory mechanism of gene transcription. Patterns of global histone modifications have been recently suggested as outcome predictors in @entity5 @entity1 , but few studies have been conducted on @entity1124 ( @entity1124 ). This study was designed to investigate the predictive value of histone acetylation modifications on PDAC. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective clinicopathologic analysis was undertaken in 119 @entity1 diagnosed with PDAC between 2005 and 2011, and immunohistochemistry performed with polyclonal antibodies against H4K12ac, H3K9ac, and H3K18ac. Positive nuclear staining for each histone was measured as the intensity and expression, being classified into low-staining or high-staining groups. Results were analyzed in relation to @entity1 ' clinicopathologic parameters. RESULTS: There was a positive relationship between @entity5 differentiation and H4K12ac high scores (P<0.05) and staining with the 3 markers correlated positively with @entity5 stage (P<0.01). Univariate analysis showed worse survival in @entity1 with high detection levels of H4K12ac (P=0.038) and H3K18Ac (P=0.033). A backwards Cox proportional hazards model analysis revealed the independent prognostic effect of high H4K12ac and H3K18ac levels (hazard ratios of 1.6 and 1.7, respectively, P<0.05), especially for @entity1 at early stages of disease. CONCLUSIONS: We propose that acetylation of H4K12 and H3K18 may be considered valuable prognostic factors for @entity788 , although the mechanism involved needs further investigation. Increasing insights into histone acetylation modifications can ultimately generate new ideas for rational and molecularly based diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.

title: H4K12 and H3K18 Acetylation Associates With Poor Prognosis in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity1124 :: ('MESH:D021441', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas', 'PDACs']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['Pancreatic Cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Our study evaluated the presence and predictors of @entity250 in a vulvovaginal specialty clinic population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity1 who presented to a vulvovaginal specialty clinic were eligible to enroll. The @entity1 completed a questionnaire, including Female Sexual Function Index to assess @entity250 and @entity1 Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-9 @entity308 screen, and underwent a standardized physical examination, with vaginal swabs collected for wet mount and culture. Logistic regression assessed the relationship between @entity250 and clinical diagnosis. RESULTS: We enrolled 161 @entity1 , aged 18 to 80 years (median,   36 years), presenting with @entity15231 . Median symptom duration was 24 months; 131 @entity1 (81%) reported chronic symptoms (>= 12 months). By PHQ-9, 28 @entity1 (17%) met @entity308 criteria. In the month before assessment, 86 @entity1 (53%) experienced @entity250 . @entity1 had a primary diagnosis of @entity365 (n = 46 [29%]), @entity2411 / @entity8756 (n = 70 [43%]), @entity3854 (n = 24 [15%]). Controlling for age, we found that @entity250 did not correlate with chronic symptoms (incidence rate ratio [IRR], 0.86; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.50-1.48), @entity308 (IRR, 1.24; 95% CI, 0.59-2.58), or presence of any of the 3 main diagnoses (IRR, 1.16; 95% CI, 0.47-2.88). DISCUSSION: @entity250 is present in more than half of @entity1 presenting to a @entity15231 referral clinic, more than twice the rate in the wider population.

title: High Prevalence of XXXX in a Vulvovaginal Specialty Clinic.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'Women', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity3854 :: ('MESH:D018459', 'Disease') :: ['lichen planus or lichen sclerosus']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity2411 :: ('MESH:D056650', 'Disease') :: ['vestibulodynia']

entities_list: @entity15231 :: ('MESH:D014848', 'Disease') :: ['vulvovaginal complaints', 'vulvovaginitis']

entities_list: @entity365 :: ('MESH:D014627', 'Disease') :: ['vaginitis']

entities_list: @entity250 :: ('MESH:D012735', 'Disease') :: ['sexual dysfunction', 'Sexual dysfunction']

answer: @entity250 :: (MESH:D012735,Disease) :: ['Sexual Dysfunction']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity32 has been associated with @entity65 ( @entity65 ) and @entity417 in @entity1 with @entity454 ( @entity454 ). Recent studies have shown that serum levels of soluble Fas (sFas), an antiapoptotic and proinflammatory molecule, are elevated in @entity1 with @entity299 and @entity1 with @entity454 . We therefore sought to investigate serum levels of sFas in uremic @entity1 and its correlation with known markers of @entity32 , @entity417 and @entity65 . METHODS: The study included 25 @entity454 @entity1 (14 on hemodialysis, 11 on CAPD), 27 @entity1 with @entity740 ( @entity740 ; @entity1011 clearance <50 ml/min/1.73 m2), and 14 normal control subjects. We measured serum levels of sFas, @entity1851 ( @entity1851 ), and albumin. We also investigated the association of serum sFas levels with the presence of @entity65 and with @entity1307 ( @entity1307 ) dosage. RESULTS: Levels of sFas were elevated in @entity740 and @entity454 @entity1 compared to controls. sFas levels correlated negatively with @entity1011 clearance. In the dialysis @entity1 , we observed that sFas levels were higher among those with @entity65 . Serum levels of sFas correlated with serum levels of @entity1851 (r=0.31; P=0.03), serum levels of albumin (r=-0.35, P=0.02), and @entity1307 dosage (r=0.51; P=0.009). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that sFas may be a marker of @entity32 in @entity740 and @entity454 @entity1 .

title: Soluble Fas: a novel marker of XXXX in uremia.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['Inflammation', 'inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein', 'CRP']

entities_list: @entity1307 :: ('2056', 'Gene') :: ['erythropoietin', 'EPO']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['CKD', 'chronic kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac disease']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['CVD', 'atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage renal disease', 'ESRD']

answer: @entity32 :: (MESH:D007249,Disease) :: ['inflammation']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe the events that shaped the investigation by the Oklahoma Office of the Chief Medical Examiner with regard to the terrorist bombing of the @entity2729 . Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City in 1995 and to provide lessons learned for reinforcement and future planning. STUDY POPULATION: All @entity1 known to have been killed by the blast. METHODS: Standard forensic techniques with regard to crime scene investigation, documentation, body identification and cause of @entity204 determinations were followed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: @entity130 and related evidence documentation. RESULTS: A total of 168 @entity1 died principally from secondary and tertiary injuries caused by projectiles, victim displacement, and crushing. Emphasis is placed on the methods of operation required to find, remove, identify, and determine cause of @entity204 in these individuals. Simultaneously, evidence must be identified and preserved in a homicide investigation of this type. Close cooperation must exist among multiple varied agencies and disciplines to accomplish the task and to prepare for subsequent analysis and courtroom testimony required by the criminal justice system. CONCLUSIONS: Terrorism, both foreign and domestic, is a current fact and will be a problem in many forms in the 21st century. No one is immune. The key to success is to plan ahead and be aware of available resources. Preplanning for short comings and difficult issues, and most importantly, relying on team work will allow future @entity1 to successfully meet and complete the challenge. The investigation developed detailed injury data and mechanisms that were available for subsequent judicial proceedings and for in-depth epidemiological studies spearheaded by the Injury Prevention Service of the Oklahoma State Department of Health.

title: The role of the medical examiner in mass casualty situations with special reference to the XXXX . Murrah Building bombing.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'people', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['Fatality injury']

answer: @entity2729 :: (MESH:C537241,Disease) :: ['Alfred P']


abstract: @entity1101 @entity16377 were characterized and quantified from two brown @entity1101 varieties and their processed products by normal phase HPLC with fluorescence detection. The DP of the @entity16377 was determined by thiolysis. Quantification was done by using purified oligomeric and polymeric @entity6353 @entity16377 as external standards. @entity1101 @entity16377 were composed mostly of high MW (DP > 10) polymers. Significant differences were observed in levels as well as distribution of the different MW @entity16377 between the @entity1101 . Processing of the @entity1101 brans into cookies and bread significantly reduced the levels of @entity16377 ; this effect was more pronounced in the higher MW polymers. Cookies had a higher retention of @entity16377 (42-84%) than bread (13-69%). Extrusion of @entity1101 grain resulted in an increase in the levels of @entity30390 oligomers with DP </= 4 and decrease in polymers with DP >/= 6. This suggests a possible breakdown of the high MW polymers to the lower MW constituents during extrusion. Processing changes not only the content of @entity16377 in @entity1101 products but also the relative ratio of the different molecular weights.

title: Processing of XXXX ( @entity1101 ) and @entity1101 products alters procyanidin oligomer and polymer distribution and content.

entities_list: @entity16377 :: ('MESH:D044945', 'Chemical') :: ['procyanidins']

entities_list: @entity1101 :: ('4558', 'Species') :: ['Sorghum', 'sorghums', 'sorghum']

entities_list: @entity30390 :: ('MESH:C017674', 'Chemical') :: ['procyanidin']

answer: @entity1101 :: (4558,Species) :: ['sorghum']


abstract: In order to further evaluate the usefulness of the antiprogestogen, @entity3927 , as a cervical ripening agent, a double-blind multicentre study was undertaken of 230 primigravid @entity1 with 10-12 weeks @entity4999 who were randomly assigned to receive either 0 (placebo) or 200 mg of @entity3927 36 hours before surgical pregnancy termination. Fifteen @entity1 who did not fulfil all of the selection criteria were excluded from analysis. In the @entity3927 group (N = 105) 12 @entity1 experienced some pre-operative @entity3556 as compared with only one subject in the placebo group (N = 110), but only one of these 12 @entity1 described the @entity548 as more than her usual menstrual flow. In @entity3927 -treated @entity1 the cervix was about 1 mm more dilated at operation and further mechanical dilatation was needed less frequently than in placebo-treated controls. High resistance during further mechanical stretching was encountered significantly more often and at a smaller cervical diameter in the placebo group than in the @entity1 given @entity3927 . Also, dilatation was reported by the operating surgeons to be easier in @entity1 given the antiprogestogen. Other significant differences included a shorter operation time, lower peroperative @entity190 and less frequent use of analgesic drugs post-operatively in the @entity3927 group. @entity532 , the duration of @entity548 and the interval to the first menstruation were similar in both groups. The results confirm that the antiprogestogen, @entity3927 , is an effective cervical ripening agent which deserves further study in comparison with the currently used methods, i.e. @entity2918 and osmotic dilators.

title: Cervical ripening with XXXX ( @entity3927 ) in late first trimester abortion. World Health Organization Task Force on Postovulatory Methods of Fertility Regulation.

entities_list: @entity3556 :: ('MESH:D014592', 'Disease') :: ['vaginal bleeding']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['post-operative bleeding', 'bleeding']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity532 :: ('MESH:D003925', 'Disease') :: ['Post-operative complications']

entities_list: @entity2918 :: ('MESH:D011453', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandins']

entities_list: @entity3927 :: ('MESH:D015735', 'Chemical') :: ['mifepristone']

entities_list: @entity4999 :: ('MESH:C537962', 'Disease') :: ['amenorrhoea']

answer: @entity3927 :: (MESH:D015735,Chemical) :: ['mifepristone']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To report the incidence of @entity788 in @entity164 2 @entity6 trials of liraglutide and details of all @entity788 cases. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Data from Novo Nordisk-sponsored trials with liraglutide (phase 2 and 3; @entity32267 identifiers) completed by 19 April 2013 were pooled. All @entity788 cases were reviewed. RESULTS: Total exposure to liraglutide and active comparators was 5,021 and 1,354 @entity1 -years, respectively (n = 6,345 and 1,846, respectively). Eight cases of @entity656 ( @entity656 ) with liraglutide and one with any comparator ( @entity16024 ) were found. The incidence of @entity656 was 1.6 cases/1,000 @entity1 -years exposure (PYE) for liraglutide vs. 0.7 cases/1,000 PYE for active comparators. One of the eight @entity656 cases reported with liraglutide did not meet diagnostic criteria for @entity656 . In six of these eight cases, recognized risk factors for @entity656 were present and/or the onset of @entity656 occurred >6 months after liraglutide initiation. All @entity1 were receiving multiple medications. Four cases of @entity1689 ( @entity1689 ) with liraglutide and none with comparators were found. One of these four cases fulfilled diagnostic criteria for @entity1689 ; these criteria were not met or information was missing in the remaining three. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the small number of cases observed, the incidences of reported @entity656 and @entity1689 were numerically greater with liraglutide than with comparators. Not all cases fulfilled diagnostic criteria, and confounding variables were present in 75% of the @entity656 cases with liraglutide therapy, precluding firm conclusions.

title: Is There a Link Between Liraglutide and @entity788 ? A Post Hoc Review of Pooled and XXXX -Level Data From Completed Liraglutide Type 2 @entity6 Clinical Trials.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity656 :: ('MESH:D019283', 'Disease') :: ['AP', 'acute pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity16024 :: ('MESH:C057619', 'Chemical') :: ['glimepiride']

entities_list: @entity1689 :: ('MESH:D050500', 'Disease') :: ['CP', 'chronic pancreatitis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patient']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Decompressive craniectomy (DC) is a treatment strategy used to reduce intracranial pressure in @entity1 with @entity131 . However, this procedure has a number of shortcomings, such as excessive sinking of the skin flap, which can lead to cerebral compromise and negatively affect the appearance of the @entity1 . The reconstruction of skull defects has been proposed as a means to overcome these disadvantages. Few previous studies have reported the reconstruction of frontal skull defects using @entity702 mesh. The aim of this study was to provide a comprehensive review of aesthetic and surgical outcomes associated with this procedure and to list the complications encountered during the repair of frontal skull defects using three-dimensional (3-D) @entity702 mesh. METHODS: A retrospective review was conducted using records from seven adult @entity1 (32-60 years of age) who received @entity702 mesh implants at a university hospital in Taiwan between January 2011 and June 2012. Aesthetic outcomes, the function of cranial nerves V and VII, and complications (hardware extrusions, @entity693 , @entity4034 , @entity867 , and @entity5745 ) were evaluated. RESULTS: An algorithm capable of accounting for bifrontal skull defects and median bone ridges was developed to improve computer-assisted design/manufacturing (CAD/CAM) of one-piece 3-D @entity702 mesh implants, thereby making it possible to repair bifrontal skull defects in a single operation. Following this procedure, aesthetic and functional outcomes were excellent and the implants in all @entity1 appeared stable. However, extended healing times in two of the @entity1 resulted in @entity4092 , which were resolved by administering antibiotics over a period of 2 weeks. No @entity1 suffered @entity409 . CONCLUSIONS: Our findings support the use of 3-D @entity702 mesh in frontal skull reconstruction. Few complications were encountered, the contours of the forehead were faithfully rendered, and the cosmetic appearance of @entity1 was excellent. For @entity1 with bifrontal skull defects, the use of one-piece implants in a single operation provides numerous advantages over conventional staged surgeries. This application helps to reduce operating time, which is particularly beneficial for elderly @entity1 and those requiring bifrontal cranioplasties.

title: 3-D titanium mesh reconstruction of defective skull after frontal craniectomy in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5745 :: ('MESH:D011007', 'Disease') :: ['pneumocephalus']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['traumatic brain injuries']

entities_list: @entity4034 :: ('MESH:D010019', 'Disease') :: ['osteomyelitis']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['trigeminal or facial dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity693 :: ('MESH:D008581', 'Disease') :: ['meningitis']

entities_list: @entity702 :: ('MESH:D014025', 'Chemical') :: ['titanium']

entities_list: @entity867 :: ('MESH:D001922', 'Disease') :: ['brain abscess']

entities_list: @entity4092 :: ('MESH:D058345', 'Disease') :: ['subclinical infections']

answer: @entity131 :: (MESH:D001930,Disease) :: ['traumatic brain injury']


abstract: In a prospective, randomized clinical trial, the @entity137 of 1 mg of @entity2379 ( @entity11015 ) per kg of body weight per day infused in 5% @entity413 was compared with that of @entity11015 infused in lipid emulsion in @entity1 with @entity5 . In an analysis of 82 @entity1 who received a full course of 6 days or more of @entity11015 (117 courses), it was shown that there were significant increases in plasma @entity1133 and @entity1011 concentrations and in @entity972 requirement after 6 days of therapy with both @entity11015 infused in @entity413 and @entity11015 infused in lipid emulsion, with there being no difference between the two methods of @entity11015 administration. An intent-to-treat comparison of the numbers of courses affected by acute @entity137 (fever, rigors) and chronic @entity137 (nephrotoxicity) also indicated that there was no significant difference between @entity11015 infused in @entity413 (78 courses) and @entity11015 infused in lipid emulsion (84 courses). The pharmacokinetics of @entity11015 were investigated in 20 @entity1 who received @entity11015 in @entity413 and 15 @entity1 who received @entity11015 in lipid emulsion. Blood samples were collected up to 24 h after administration of the first dose, and the concentration of @entity11015 in plasma was analyzed by a high-performance liquid chromatography assay. The clearance (CL) of @entity11015 in @entity413 (0.039 +/- 0.016 liter. h-1. kg-1) was significantly lower (P < 0.005) than the CL of @entity11015 in lipid emulsion (0.062 +/- 0. 024 liter. h-1. kg-1). The steady-state volume of distribution for @entity11015 in @entity413 (0.83 +/- 0.33 liter. kg-1) was also significantly lower (P < 0.005) than that for @entity11015 in lipid emulsion (1.47 +/- 0.77 liter. kg-1). Although @entity11015 in lipid emulsion is apparently cleared faster and distributes more widely than @entity11015 in @entity413 , this study did not reveal any significant advantage with respect to safety and tolerance in the administration of @entity11015 in lipid emulsion compared to its administration in @entity413 in @entity1 with @entity5 .

title: @entity2379 in @entity1 with @entity5 : a comparison of the @entity137 and pharmacokinetics of @entity2379 administered in XXXX versus lipid emulsion.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity2379 :: ('MESH:D000666', 'Chemical') :: ['amphotericin B']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant disease']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['dextrose']

answer: @entity413 :: (MESH:D005947,Chemical) :: ['dextrose']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity130 and surgery may be complicated by @entity358 , @entity647 ( @entity647 ) and @entity649 ( @entity649 ), but the mechanisms are incompletely understood. METHODS: We evaluated lung capillary protein permeability non-invasively with help of the 67Ga-transferrin pulmonary leak index (PLI) technique and extravascular lung water (EVLW) by the transpulmonary thermal-dye dilution technique in consecutive, mechanically ventilated @entity1 in the intensive care unit within 24 h of direct, blunt @entity130 (n = 5, 2 with @entity649 ), and within 12 h of indirect @entity130 by transhiatal oesophagectomy (n = 8), abdominal surgery for @entity5 (n = 6) and bone surgery (n = 4). We studied transfusion history, haemodynamics, oxygenation and mechanics of the lungs. The @entity651 score (LIS, 0-4) was calculated. Plain radiography was also done to judge densities and @entity891 . RESULTS: The PLI and EVLW were elevated above normal in 61 and 30% of @entity1 , respectively, and the PLI directly related to the number of red cell concentrates given (rs = 0.69, P < 0.001), without group differences. Oxygenation, lung mechanics, radiographic densities and thus the LIS (1.0 [0.25-3.5]) did not relate to @entity19607 and EVLW. However, groups differed in oxygenation and airway pressures and impaired oxygenation related to the number of radiographic quadrants with densities (rs = 0.55, P = 0.007). @entity130 @entity1 had a worse oxygenation requiring higher airway pressures and thus higher LIS than the other @entity1 groups, unrelated to PLI and EVLW but attributable to a higher cardiac output and thereby venous admixture. Finally, @entity1 with radiographic signs of @entity891 had more impaired oxygenation and more densities than those without. CONCLUSION: The oxygenation defect and radiographic densities in mechanically ventilated @entity1 with @entity358 and @entity647 / @entity649 after @entity130 and surgery are likely caused by @entity891 rather than by increased permeability- @entity4 related to red cell transfusion.

title: Increased permeability- @entity4 and XXXX in @entity358 after @entity130 and surgery: a prospective cohort study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity649 :: ('MESH:D012128', 'Disease') :: ['ARDS', 'acute respiratory distress syndrome']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['oedema']

entities_list: @entity651 :: ('MESH:D055370', 'Disease') :: ['lung injury']

entities_list: @entity891 :: ('MESH:D001261', 'Disease') :: ['atelectasis']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['Thoracic trauma', 'Trauma', 'trauma', 'thoracic trauma']

entities_list: @entity647 :: ('MESH:D055371', 'Disease') :: ['acute lung injury', 'ALI']

answer: @entity891 :: (MESH:D001261,Disease) :: ['atelectasis']


abstract: In this study, we investigated the involvement of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in the brain of the @entity942 mdx @entity19 , an experimental model of @entity1555 ( @entity1555 ). To this purpose, we used two tight junction markers, the Zonula occludens ( @entity23453 ) and @entity8840 proteins, and a glial marker, the @entity22440 ( @entity22440 ) protein, whose expression is correlated with BBB differentiation and integrity. Results showed that most of the brain microvessels in mdx @entity19 were lined by altered endothelial cells that showed open tight junctions and were surrounded by swollen glial processes. Moreover, 18% of the perivascular glial endfeet contained electron-dense cellular debris and were enveloped by degenerating microvessels. Western blot showed a 60% reduction in the @entity23453 protein content in mdx @entity19 and a similar reduction in @entity22440 content compared with the control brain. @entity23453 immunocytochemistry and @entity8840 immunofluorescence in mdx @entity19 revealed a diffuse staining of microvessels as compared with the control ones, which displayed a banded staining pattern. @entity23453 immunogold electron microscopy showed unlabeled tight junctions and the presence of gold particles scattered in the endothelial cytoplasm in the mdx @entity19 , whereas @entity23453 gold particles were exclusively located at the endothelial tight junctions in the controls. Dual immunofluorescence staining of alpha-actin and @entity23453 revealed colocalization of these proteins. As in @entity23453 staining, the pattern of immunolabeling with anti-alpha-actin antibody was diffuse in the mdx vessels and pointed or banded in the controls. alpha-actin immunogold electron microscopy showed gold particles in the cytoplasms of endothelial cells and pericytes in the mdx @entity19 , whereas alpha-actin gold particles were revealed on the endothelial tight junctions and the cytoskeletal microfilaments of pericytes in the controls. Perivascular glial processes of the mdx @entity19 appeared faintly stained by anti- @entity22440 antibody, while in the controls a strong @entity22440 labeling of glial processes was detected at light and electron microscope level. The vascular permeability of the mdx brain microvessels was investigated by means of the horseradish peroxidase (HRP). After HRP injection, extensive perivascular areas of marker escape were observed in mdx @entity19 , whereas HRP was exclusively intravascularly localized in the controls. Inflammatory cells, @entity1961 -, CD8-, @entity25234 -, and @entity18901 -positive cells, were not revealed in the perivascular stroma of the mdx brain. These findings indicate that @entity942 in the mdx brain leads to severe injury of the endothelial and glial cells with disturbance in alpha-actin cytoskeleton, @entity23453 , @entity8840 , and @entity22440 assembly, as well as BBB breakdown. The BBB alterations suggest that changes in vascular permeability are involved in the pathogenesis of the @entity51 associated with @entity1555 .

title: Severe alterations of endothelial and glial cells in the blood-brain barrier of dystrophic mdx XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1555 :: ('MESH:D020388', 'Disease') :: ['Duchenne muscular dystrophy', 'DMD']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity942 :: ('MESH:D003677', 'Disease') :: ['dystrophin deficiency', 'dystrophin-deficient']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: BACKGROUND: One cause of chronic @entity110 is autoreactivity which is diagnosed by detecting autoantibodies against the IgE receptor alpha subunit (anti-Fc R1alpha). OBJECTIVE: To compare the histopathologic features of chronic @entity110 @entity1 testing positive for anti-IgE receptor antibody (Ab) to those testing negative. METHODS: Totally, 438 @entity1 with a clinical presentation of chronic @entity110 (2011-2013) had anti-IgE receptor Ab tested and 37 of those @entity1 had skin biopsy. We evaluated microscopic features including: spongiosis, @entity4 , presence of mast cells, density of lymphocytic infiltration, predomination of eosinophils/neutrophils; intravascular neutrophils and presence of @entity1333 . The aforementioned features were compared between negative and positive anti-IgE receptor Ab groups. RESULTS: Of 37 @entity1 , 69% were @entity1 and 31% were @entity1 . 49% had positive anti-IgE receptor Ab and 51% had negative anti-IgE receptor Ab. In the positive anti-IgE receptor Ab group, 83% showed intravascular neutrophils. Eosinophil predominance was identified in 72% and neutrophil predominance was identified in 28%. In the negative anti-IgE receptor Ab group, 89% showed intravascular neutrophils. Eosinophil predominance was identified in 53% and neutrophil predominance was identified in 47%. There was no evidence of @entity1333 in either group. CONCLUSION: There were no significant histopathologic differences between the anti-IgE receptor Ab positive and negative cases. Therefore, serum testing for anti-IgE receptor Ab is required to identify this subgroup of chronic @entity110 @entity1 .

title: Clinicopathologic findings in (anti-FcepsilonR1alpha) autoimmune-related chronic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['dermal edema']

entities_list: @entity110 :: ('MESH:D014581', 'Disease') :: ['urticaria']

entities_list: @entity1333 :: ('MESH:D014657', 'Disease') :: ['vasculitis']

answer: @entity110 :: (MESH:D014581,Disease) :: ['urticaria']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Reduced bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) have previously been reported in @entity2689 , although appropriate GH treatment and early induction of puberty seem to permit normal bone mass accumulation. Furthermore, an increased risk of @entity174 and @entity170 have been reported in a registry study. The aim of the present study was to further characterize the risk of @entity174 in @entity1950 and to explore risk factors, in a historical follow-up survey based on a self-administered questionnaire. STUDY GROUPS: The questionnaire was issued to all females with @entity1950 (n = 632) in Denmark and to 1888 randomly selected controls (C) matched for age and geographical region. A total of 322 @entity1 (51%) and 1169 controls (62%) returned the questionnaire. RESULTS: @entity1950 @entity1 were younger than C (30 years, range: 1-73 years vs. 34 years, range 2-82 years, P < 0.0005), smoked less often (17%vs. 27%, P < 0.0005), and had less frequent spontaneous menstruation (18%vs. 86%, P < 0.0005). In contrast, they used hormonal replacement therapy (HRT) more often (71%vs. 7%, P < 0.0005). The median age at start of HRT was 16 years (range 8-59 years) in @entity1950 vs. 42 years (range 12-53 years) in C (P < 0.0005). Above the age of 15 years, 83% of @entity1950 and 8% of C used HRT. GH had been used by 37% of @entity1950 but only 0.2% of C. Both type 1 and 2 @entity6 were increased sevenfold among @entity1950 . Altogether, 77 individuals with @entity1950 had 109 @entity174 . The @entity174 risk was increased in @entity1950 [hazard ratio (HR, status) 1.35, confidence interval (CI) 1.04-1.75, P = 0.025]. Time to first @entity174 was reduced in @entity1950 (53 +/- 2 vs. 63 +/- 1; log-rank P = 0.03). Spontaneous menstruation was protective in females above 13 years of age (HR: 0.70, CI 0.54-0.93, P = 0.012). A history of parental @entity174 increased the risk (HR 1.92, CI 1.62-2.27, P < 0.001). @entity174 of the forearm was more frequent among @entity1950 (P = 0.02). CONCLUSION: The present nationwide survey, based on questionnaires, confirms an increased risk of @entity174 in @entity1950 , especially in those without ovarian function and with a positive family history of @entity174 and @entity170 . It thereby emphasizes the need for being vigilant with respect to BMD measurements in these @entity1 .

title: Increased @entity174 rates in XXXX : a nationwide questionnaire survey.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'early fractures', 'Fractures', 'fracture']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity2689 :: ('MESH:D014424', 'Disease') :: ["Turner's syndrome"]

answer: @entity2689 :: (MESH:D014424,Disease) :: ['Turner's syndrome']


abstract: @entity5018 (IB) and @entity2983 (MES) are commonly used NSAIDs whereas @entity9158 (BZ) and @entity25201 (ABZ) are important pharmacophore for immunomodulatory activities. In the present study, IB and MES were coupled with variedly substituted BZ or ABZ nucleus to synthesize IB-BZ (2a-2e), IB-ABZ (3a-3e), MES-BZ (4a-4e) and MES-ABZ (5a-5e) chimeric conjugates as novel compounds that could elicit both anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities. Each compound retained the anti-inflammatory activity of the parent NSAID. The BZ conjugates (2 and 4) were found immunostimulatory whereas the ABZ conjugates (3 and 5) were immunosuppressive. Each compound also exhibited good antioxidant activity, which is attributed to the electron rich BZ and ABZ nuclei. Compound 2a, 2e, 3a, 3e and 5b exhibited the most significant anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities. Hence, these were evaluated for in  vivo acute gastric ulcerogenicity. The compounds were safe to gastric mucosa, probably due to masking of the free - @entity1473 group of IB and MES, and/or to the BZ nucleus itself. A benzoyl group at 5-position of BZ and ABZ incurred maximum immunostimulatory activity. In contrast, a -NO2 group incurred the maximum immunosuppressive action. Docking analysis revealed the compounds to be more selective towards @entity2247 enzyme, which support the gastroprotective activity. These results suggest that the compounds can be taken as lead for development of new drugs for the treatment of immune related inflammatory disorders, such as @entity5 and @entity309 .

title: XXXX - @entity5018 / @entity2983 conjugates: Potential candidates for multifactorial diseases.

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity9158 :: ('MESH:C031000', 'Chemical') :: ['benzimidazole']

entities_list: @entity5018 :: ('MESH:D007052', 'Chemical') :: ['Ibuprofen']

entities_list: @entity25201 :: ('MESH:C027391', 'Chemical') :: ['2-aminobenzimidazole']

entities_list: @entity2983 :: ('MESH:D019804', 'Chemical') :: ['mesalamine']

answer: @entity9158 :: (MESH:C031000,Chemical) :: ['Benzimidazole']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the performance of real-time MRI/ultrasound (MRI/US) fusion-guided targeted biopsy (TB) in @entity1 with primary and repeat biopsies and correlate the @entity263 detection rate (CDR) with the PI-RADS score. METHODS: Analysis included 408 consecutive @entity1 with primary and prior negative biopsies who underwent TB and 10-core @entity35628 ( @entity35628 ) between January 2012 and January 2015. TB was performed with a real-time MRI/US fusion platform with sensor-based registration. Clinically significant PCa was defined as Gleason score (GS) >= 7 or GS 6 with maximal @entity5 core length >= 4  mm for TB and according to Epstein criteria for @entity35628 . RESULTS: The overall CDR was 56  % (227/408). The CDR for primary biopsy was 74  % (60/81) and 57  % (67/117), 49  % (62/126), 45  % (38/84) for @entity1 with 1, 2 and >= 3 prior negative biopsies. CDRs correlated with PI-RADS 2/3/4/5 were 16  % (5/32), 26  % (29/113), 62  % (94/152) and 89  % (99/111), respectively. The rates of significant @entity5 in relation to PI-RADS 2/3/4/5 were 60  % (3/5), 66  % (19/29), 74  % (70/94), 95  % (94/99). In 139 (61  %) cases with radical prostatectomy (RP), the rates of >= pT3 @entity5 in correlation with PI-RADS 4 and 5 were 20  % (11/56) and 49  % (32/65). PI-RADS constituted the strongest predictor of significant PCa detection (p  <  0.007). CONCLUSIONS: Real-time MRI/US fusion-guided TB combined with @entity35628 improved PCa detection in @entity1 with primary and repeat biopsies. The CDR was strongly correlated with a rising PI-RADS score, values of 4 and 5 increasing the detection of clinically significant @entity5 and leading to a higher histological stage after RP.

title: The detection of significant XXXX is correlated with the Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) in MRI/transrectal ultrasound fusion biopsy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity35628 :: ('MESH:C562757', 'Disease') :: ['RB', 'random biopsy']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'tumors']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate cancer']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Intrathyroid metastases are uncommon. Clinically, the distinction may be difficult with thyroid @entity5 . CASE REPORT: A 76-year-old @entity1 was referred to our department for an evaluation of a @entity7364 . She had a past history of @entity703 6 months ago. @entity1376 was noticed at the palpation. Left recurrent @entity3746 was observed; there was no cervical lymph node. Fine-needle aspiration was not contributive. Computed tomography confirmed the @entity1376 . Total thyroidectomy was performed and final histologic examination revealed a @entity3 of a @entity703 . CONCLUSION: Even if intrathyroid @entity3 are rare, the practitioner must suggest the diagnosis if the @entity1 had a @entity259 and a past history of @entity5 . A fine-needle aspiration can help the diagnosis. The surgical management is recommended for isolated @entity3 to the @entity1374 especially in @entity703 .

title: [Metastasis of @entity703 to the XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1374 :: ('MESH:D013959', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid gland']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'malignant tumor']

entities_list: @entity1376 :: ('MESH:C564546', 'Disease') :: ['A multinodular goiter', 'multinodular goiter']

entities_list: @entity7364 :: ('MESH:D055154', 'Disease') :: ['dysphonia']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity3746 :: ('MESH:D014826', 'Disease') :: ['laryngeal nerve palsy']

entities_list: @entity259 :: ('MESH:D013964', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid tumor']

entities_list: @entity703 :: ('MESH:D007680', 'Disease') :: ['renal cancer']

answer: @entity1374 :: (MESH:D013959,Disease) :: ['thyroid gland']


abstract: Sublinear dose-response relationships are often seen in @entity137 testing, particularly with bioassays for carcinogenicity. This is the result of a superimposition of various effects that modulate and contribute to the process of @entity5 formation. Examples are saturation of detoxification pathways or DNA repair with increasing dose, or regenerative @entity1373 and indirect DNA damage as a consequence of high-dose @entity137 and cell death. The response to a combination treatment can appear to be supra-additive, although it is in fact dose-additive along a sublinear dose-response curve for the single agents. Because environmental exposure of @entity1 is usually in a low-dose range and deviation from linearity is less likely at the low-dose end, combination effects should be tested at the lowest observable effect levels (LOEL) of the components. This principle has been applied to combinations of genotoxic agents in various cellular models. For statistical analysis, all experiments were analyzed for deviation from additivity with an n-factor analysis of variance with an interaction term, n being the number of components tested in combination. @entity3014 , @entity9437 , and @entity66824 were tested at the LOEL, separately and in combination, for the induction of revertants in the Ames test, using @entity2491 TA100 and @entity35 liver S9 fraction. Combined treatment produced no deviation from additivity. The induction of micronuclei in vitro was investigated with ionizing radiation from a 137Cs source and @entity6321 . @entity19 lymphoma L5178Y cells revealed a significant 40% supra-additive combination effect in an experiment based on three independent replicates for controls and single and combination treatments. On the other hand, two @entity1 lymphoblastoid cell lines (TK6 and WTK1) as well as a pilot study with @entity1 primary fibroblasts from fetal lung did not show deviation from additivity. Data derived from one cell line should therefore not be generalized. Regarding the testing of mixtures for deviation from additive @entity137 , the suggested experimental protocol is easily followed by toxicologists.

title: Deviation from additivity in mixture XXXX : relevance of nonlinear dose-response relationships and cell line differences in genotoxicity assays with combinations of chemical mutagens and gamma-radiation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human']

entities_list: @entity2491 :: ('90371', 'Species') :: ['Salmonella typhimurium']

entities_list: @entity6321 :: ('MESH:D005020', 'Chemical') :: ['ethyl methanesulfonate']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity1373 :: ('MESH:D006965', 'Disease') :: ['hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity3014 :: ('MESH:D001564', 'Chemical') :: ['Benzo[a]pyrene']

entities_list: @entity66824 :: ('MESH:C006710', 'Chemical') :: ['dibenz[a,c]anthracene']

entities_list: @entity9437 :: ('MESH:C030935', 'Chemical') :: ['benz[a]anthracene']

answer: @entity137 :: (MESH:D064420,Disease) :: ['toxicity']


abstract: PURPOSE: Analysis of complications and causes of failure after stapled restorative proctocolectomy with ileal J pouchanal @entity254 in @entity1 with @entity31 is presented. @entity1 AND METHODS: The procedure was performed in 28 @entity1 , 19 males (68%) and 9 females (32%); diverting ileostomy was always performed. RESULTS: There was no perioperative mortality. The overall morbidity rate was 31%. Six @entity1 (21%) had pelvic abscess, 2 (7%) pelvic @entity1410 , 4 @entity1 (14%) presented ileo-anal anastomotic stricture, 1 @entity1 (3.6%) had @entity12478 , three @entity1 (11%) presented @entity1321 (25%) @entity5042 . Reoperation was necessary in @entity1 with @entity1744 and with @entity12478 . Septic complications and @entity5042 were resolved with medical treatment. @entity850 of the @entity254 required @entity384 . No @entity1 underwent pouch excision for pouch failure. CONCLUSION: The main significant complications of ileal pouch-anal @entity254 for @entity31 were @entity530 , @entity1321 and @entity5042 . Our results suggest that the use of stapling technique is safer and has fewer early septic complications and @entity295 -related pouch removals. Success in ileo-anal construction increases with experience. The selection of @entity1 with exclusion of @entity30 , a correct surgical timing, a carefully technique, a delayed ileostomy closure and a low pre and postoperative regimen of @entity230 are important factors of success.

title: [Aspects of the complications after restorative proctocolectomy in the treatment of XXXX . Review of the literature and personal experience].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity12478 :: ('MESH:D014624', 'Disease') :: ['pouch-vaginal fistula']

entities_list: @entity5042 :: ('MESH:D019449', 'Disease') :: ['pouchitis']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['anal dilation']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative colitis']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ['Crohn disease']

entities_list: @entity530 :: ('MESH:D010386', 'Disease') :: ['pelvic sepsis']

entities_list: @entity1321 :: ('MESH:D007415', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal obstruction', 'intestinal obstruction and 7']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['Stenosis']

entities_list: @entity1744 :: ('MESH:D043183', 'Disease') :: ['small bowel obstruction']

answer: @entity31 :: (MESH:D003093,Disease) :: ['ulcerative colitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A number of plants have been used in Indian system of medicine such as ayurveda, unani and siddha, but most of these plants were not explored properly. Sphaeranthus amaranthoides (SA) Burm.f., is one such plant used as an energizer in siddha. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the anticancer effect of @entity3636 extract of the whole plant of SA Burm.f. against @entity8270 bearing Swiss albino @entity19 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: The anticancer effect of @entity3636 extract was investigated in Swiss albino @entity19 bearing @entity8270 at two different dose levels. Acute @entity137 studies were also performed to determine the safety of the extract. @entity19 injected with @entity8270 cells were treated with the extract of doses 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight and standard @entity1487 20 mg/kg body weight for 15 consecutive days. Animals were sacrificed on day 15 for determination of anticancer activity by evaluating @entity5 volume, nonviable and viable @entity5 cell count and hematological parameters. RESULTS: @entity19 treated with the extract showed a significant decrease in @entity5 volume and viable cell count and an increase in nonviable cell count and mean survival time. The hematological parameters were also found to be restored to a normal level. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that the @entity3636 extract was producing anticancer activity comparable with that of the standard @entity1487 .

title: Assessment of in vitro XXXX and in vivo antitumor activity of Sphaeranthus amaranthoides burm.f.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity3636 :: ('MESH:D002725', 'Chemical') :: ['chloroform']

entities_list: @entity8270 :: ('MESH:D002286', 'Disease') :: ['Ehrlich ascites carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['5-fluorouracil']

answer: @entity137 :: (MESH:D064420,Disease) :: ['cytotoxicity']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Staged endovascular embolization of large @entity2758 ( @entity2758 ) is frequently performed to gradually reduce flow and prevent abrupt hemodynamic changes. While feeding artery @entity439 have been associated with increased risk of @entity548 in the setting of @entity2758 , decisions regarding if and when to treat these @entity439 vary. Acute, fatal @entity397 of a feeding artery @entity439 following embolization of a large, unruptured @entity7026 has been infrequently reported in the literature. CASE DESCRIPTION: A 69-year-old female presented with @entity10 and mild @entity1269 referable to a 5   cm right fronto-parieto-temporal @entity7026 with surrounding vasogenic @entity4 . The @entity7026 was associated with numerous bilateral feeding artery @entity439 (the largest was a 2   cm right middle cerebral artery (MCA) bifurcation @entity439 ). There was also a large, partially thrombosed venous varix. Staged embolization of the @entity7026 was performed. Several hours after the third stage of her embolization, she became obtunded, with a fixed and dilated right pupil. Head computed tomography (CT) showed a large intraparenchymal @entity548 with midline shift in the right sylvian fissure, remote from the @entity7026 nidus. She was taken to surgery for a decompressive craniectomy and @entity1410 evacuation. The MCA @entity439 was confirmed to be the source of @entity548 and it was clipped. Despite aggressive medical and surgical treatments, the @entity1 died. CONCLUSIONS: An increase in @entity7026 feeding artery pressure following endovascular embolization may contribute to the @entity397 of a feeding artery @entity439 . For this reason, treatment of large @entity438 on feeding pedicles should be considered prior to embolization of the @entity7026 nidus.

title: Acute @entity397 of a feeding artery XXXX after embolization of a brain @entity2758 .

entities_list: @entity2758 :: ('MESH:D001165', 'Disease') :: ['arteriovenous malformations', 'AVMs']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity1269 :: ('MESH:D010291', 'Disease') :: ['left hemiparesis']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms', 'aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['arterial aneurysms']

answer: @entity439 :: (MESH:D000783,Disease) :: ['aneurysm']


abstract: Angiogenesis, invasion and decidualization play an important role in implantation and embryo development. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are crucial for the degradation/remodeling of the extracellular matrix, and are involved in spiral artery formation and invasion of endometrium during implantation. A functional single_mdash;nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the @entity1495 promoter, _mdash; @entity25237 , is known to influence gene expression in allele_mdash;specific manner. The present study evaluated the association between maternal genotype of SNP _mdash; @entity25237 of @entity1495 and in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF_mdash;ET) outcome in @entity249 @entity1 . This case-control study was comprised of @entity249 @entity1 (n= 123) and @entity1 having one healthy @entity1 as controls (n= 147). Genotyping for SNP_mdash; @entity25237 was performed by PCR/RFLP. Allele and genotype distribution did not differ significantly between @entity1 and controls (P>0.05). The @entity1495 genotype frequencies amongst the 123 cases were C/C=73.17%, C/T=24.40% and T/T=2.43%; the C and T allele frequencies were 85.36% and 14.63%, respectively. The @entity1495 genotype frequencies amongst the 147 controls were C/C=73.46%, C/T=20.40% and T/T=6.12%; the C and T allele frequencies were 83.67% and 16.32%, respectively. In conclusion, the results of this study indicate that SNP _mdash; @entity25237 of @entity1495 may not be associated with IVF_mdash;ET outcome in this population.

title: The relationship between XXXX promoterpolymorphism and IVF outcome.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'child']

entities_list: @entity249 :: ('MESH:D007246', 'Disease') :: ['infertile']

answer: @entity1495 :: (4318,Gene) :: ['MMP-9']


abstract: The medical literature reports that @entity1 pyogenic @entity2762 occurs almost exclusively in flexor tendons of distal extremities with only rare case reports in extensor compartments. We report a series of @entity1 with septic extensor compartment @entity2762 of the extremity. Twenty cases of @entity2762 tendons of the wrist, hands, feet, and ankles were presented to our emergency department over a 4.17-year period, 15 @entity1 (one, twice over a 2.5-year span) and 4 @entity1 with an average age of 39  years. Diagnosis was made using CT (n   =   6), MRI (n   =   14), and in one case ultrasound (US). All cases were confirmed surgically. During the data collection period, no case of flexor @entity2762 were presented. All @entity1 were intravenous drug users. All imaging modalities showed fluid within the infected tendon sheaths and evidence of enhancement after contrast administration where contrast was administered. The single US showed hypervascularity on Doppler imaging. All wrist and hand @entity281 (n   =   15) occurred in the non-dominant hand, and all cases involved the fourth and next most commonly (n   =   9 each) in the second and third extensor compartments. In the ankle and foot (n   =   5), the extensor digitorum longus tendon was most commonly infected. Twelve @entity1 (60  %) had soft tissue abscesses adjacent to infected tendon sheaths. The most common organism cultured from the tendon sheaths was @entity794 , @entity3256 sensitive and resistant and often admixed with other flora. Common use of intravenous drugs now makes extensor @entity2762 an important clinical diagnosis and likely now more common than flexor @entity2762 .

title: Changing patterns of XXXX of the distal extremities.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'human', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity3256 :: ('MESH:D008712', 'Chemical') :: ['methicillin']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity2762 :: ('MESH:D013717', 'Disease') :: ['septic tenosynovitis', 'tenosynovitis']

answer: @entity2762 :: (MESH:D013717,Disease) :: ['septic tenosynovitis']


abstract: @entity1 with @entity1032 often have @entity146 . Psychotropic medications are used for the treatment of extremely @entity952 in many cases. We surveyed the clinical characteristics and the current status of the pharmacotherapy regimens for inpatients with severe @entity717 and @entity146 at 8 national @entity146 hospitals. Many of them were @entity1 between 20 and 40 years and more than half of them had both extremely @entity1032 and high motor ability. Antipsychotic drugs and anticonvulsants were frequently used. As they had more severe @entity146 , they were taken the more psychotropic drugs. @entity2438 was significantly associated and rough behavior was apparently associated with higher doses. A very weak correlation between the total score of extremely @entity952 and the number of psychotropic drugs being administered per @entity1 was seen. Use of new medicines, such as atypical antipsychotic drugs, was found about fifteen percent of the cases. In order to establish useful pharmacotherapy regimens for @entity1 with severe @entity1032 and @entity146 , it is necessary to perform routine judgment and evaluation of the pharmacotherapy focusing on targeted symptoms. We should also be attention to the quality of life issue. The aim of medical treatment should not be care workers' convenience, but be the improvement of quality of life of @entity1 .

title: [Clinical characteristics and pharmacotherapy of extremely @entity952 in XXXX with @entity1032 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'people', 'People', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['mental retardation']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric', 'behavioral problems', 'behavior disorder', 'behavior disorders']

entities_list: @entity952 :: ('MESH:D019958', 'Disease') :: ['disruptive behavior disorders']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['intellectual disabilities']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['people']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Gout prevalence is high in older adults and those affected are at risk of @entity717 , yet it is unclear whether they have worse physical function. METHODS: We studied @entity210 , @entity5052 , and physical function in 5,819 older adults (age >= 65 years) attending the 2011-2013 @entity731 Risk in Communities Study visit, a prospective US population-based cohort. Differences in lower extremity function (Short Physical Performance Battery [SPPB] and 4-meter walking speed) and upper extremity function (grip strength) by @entity210 status and by @entity5052 prevalence were estimated in adjusted ordinal logistic regression (SPPB) and linear regression (walking speed and grip strength) models. Lower scores or times signify worse function. The prevalence of poor physical performance (first quartile) by @entity210 and @entity5052 was estimated using adjusted modified Poisson regression. RESULTS: Ten percent of @entity1 reported a history of @entity210 and 21% had @entity5052 . There was no difference in grip strength by history of @entity210 (P   =   0.77). @entity1 with @entity210 performed worse on the SPPB test; they had 0.77 times (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.65, 0.90, P   =   0.001) the prevalence odds of a 1-unit increase in SPPB score and were 1.18 times (95% CI 1.07, 1.32, P   =   0.002) more likely to have poor SPPB performance. @entity1 with a history of @entity210 had slower walking speed (mean difference -0.03; 95% CI -0.05, -0.01, P < 0.001) and were 1.19 times (95% CI 1.06, 1.34, P   =   0.003) more likely to have poor walking speed. Similarly, SPPB score and walking speed, but not grip strength, were worse in @entity1 with @entity5052 . CONCLUSION: Older adults with @entity210 and @entity5052 are more likely to have worse lower extremity, but not upper extremity, function.

title: Physical Function, XXXX , and Gout in Older Adults.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['Atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity5052 :: ('MESH:D033461', 'Disease') :: ['hyperuricemia']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['physical disability']

answer: @entity5052 :: (MESH:D033461,Disease) :: ['Hyperuricemia']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Pathogens often cause detrimental effects to their hosts and, consequently, may influence host population dynamics that may, in turn, feed back to pathogen transmission dynamics. Understanding fitness effects of pathogens upon animal host populations can help to predict the risks that zoonotic pathogens pose to @entity1 . Here we determine whether @entity281 by @entity9672 (PUUV) affects important fitness-related traits, namely the probability of breeding, reproductive effort and mother and offspring condition, in the bank vole (Myodes glareolus). Using 9  years empirical data in a PUUV endemic area in Central Finland, we found differences between reproductive characteristics of PUUV-infected and uninfected female bank voles. Young infected females had a significantly higher, and old individuals lower, likelihood of reproducing than uninfected animals during the middle of the breeding season. The implication is that PUUV @entity281 may have long-term deleterious effects that are observed at old age, while in young individuals, the @entity281 may enhance breeding probability by directing resources towards current breeding. Moreover, PUUV @entity281 was related with the mother's @entity558 . Infected mothers were in poorer condition than uninfected mothers in the early breeding season, but were in better condition than uninfected mothers during the middle of the breeding season. Offspring @entity558 was positively associated with mother's @entity558 , which, in turn, was related to the PUUV @entity281 status of the mother. Our findings indicate that @entity281 may affect the reproduction of female hosts, but the effect is dependent on the host age. The effect of chronic @entity9673 was small and density-independent and hence unlikely to contribute to the cyclic population dynamics of the host. However, the effects on a female's reproductive output might affect the abundance of young susceptible individuals in the population and hence influence the transmission and persistence of the pathogen. Although experimental and long-term capture-mark-recapture studies are required to further clarify the fitness effects of @entity9673 and their consequences for pathogen dynamics, this study shows that the @entity281 may have complex effects that are dependent on the age of the individual and the time of the breeding season.

title: Age-related effects of chronic XXXX on female host fecundity.

entities_list: @entity558 :: ('MESH:C536528', 'Disease') :: ['body condition']

entities_list: @entity9672 :: ('11604', 'Species') :: ['Puumala hantavirus']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection', 'chronic infection']

entities_list: @entity9673 :: ('MESH:D018778', 'Disease') :: ['hantavirus infection']

answer: @entity9673 :: (MESH:D018778,Disease) :: ['hantavirus infection']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to evaluate outcomes in @entity1 with @entity717 tear @entity2720 after staged bilateral reverse shoulder arthroplasties (RSAs) and to compare them with an age-, gender-, and diagnosis-matched control group with a unilateral RSA. METHODS: We identified 11 @entity1 with bilateral RSAs for @entity717 tear @entity2720 with a minimum of 2-year follow-up in a prospective shoulder arthroplasty registry. The bilateral group was matched to a control group of 19 @entity1 with a unilateral RSA. Shoulder function scores, mobility, @entity1 satisfaction, and activities of daily living were assessed preoperatively and at final follow-up. RESULTS: There was no statistical difference between the first RSA or second RSA and the control group regarding age, gender, or follow-up. No group differences were noted preoperatively for shoulder function scores or mobility (P  >  .10). All groups significantly improved on all shoulder function scores (Constant score, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score, Western Ontario @entity571 of the Shoulder index, Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation score) and mobility at final follow-up (all P  <  .01). There were no significant differences in shoulder function scores or mobility between the first and second RSA in the bilateral group or between either shoulder in the bilateral group and the unilateral group (all P  >  .10). @entity1 satisfaction improved and @entity1 were successfully able to perform many important activities of daily living after bilateral RSAs. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with @entity717 cuff tear @entity2720 can be advised that staged bilateral RSAs can be successful when indicated. Improvements in shoulder function scores, @entity1 satisfaction, and mobility are possible for both the first RSA and the second RSA.

title: Outcomes of staged bilateral reverse shoulder arthroplasties for @entity717 tear XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['rotator cuff', 'bilateral rotator']

entities_list: @entity2720 :: ('MESH:D007592', 'Disease') :: ['arthropathy']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['Osteoarthritis']

answer: @entity2720 :: (MESH:D007592,Disease) :: ['arthropathy']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics, diagnosis and differential diagnosis, and treatment of @entity2173 associated with @entity7390 in an @entity1 . METHODS: The clinical manifestations of @entity2173 associated with @entity7390 were assessed in an 18-month old @entity1 . The morphological and histological features of the lesions were examined by light microscopy. RESULTS: An 18-month old @entity1 was admitted with unequal size, irregularly shaped brown spots, patches and @entity1867 on his face. A well-circumscribed hemispherical mass measuring 3 cm * 3 cm with smooth surface and brown patches was observed beneath his left lower eyelid. Light microscopic examination of the @entity272 revealed @entity5656 , chronic inflammatory infiltration of the superficial dermal layer, and increases in melanocytes and melanin in the basal layer. Scanning microscopy showed that the mass beneath the left lower eyelid was cup-shaped, consisting of proliferating squamous cells with a central keratin plug. The squamous epithelium was acanthotic with hypergranulosis. The adjacent epidermis formed exophytic projections resulting in a silhouette likened to lips. An associated inflammatory reaction was observed within the stroma surrounding the mass. The @entity1 was treated with a combination of antioxidant drugs, keeping the @entity1 from light and surgical excision of the mass. No recurrence has been observed. CONCLUSIONS: @entity2173 of @entity950 is a @entity395 , and association with @entity7390 is even rarer. This condition should be considered in the differential diagnosis of freckles, @entity2641 and @entity6050 .

title: Clinicopathological characteristics of XXXX associated with @entity7390 : a case report and literature review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'boy', 'child', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity2641 :: ('MESH:D011038', 'Disease') :: ['Rothmund-Thomson syndrome']

entities_list: @entity5656 :: ('MESH:D017488', 'Disease') :: ['epidermal hyperkeratosis']

entities_list: @entity7390 :: ('MESH:D007636', 'Disease') :: ['keratoacanthoma']

entities_list: @entity2173 :: ('MESH:D014983', 'Disease') :: ['xeroderma pigmentosum', 'Xeroderma pigmentosum']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin lesions']

entities_list: @entity395 :: ('MESH:D035583', 'Disease') :: ['rare disease']

entities_list: @entity1867 :: ('MESH:D008796', 'Disease') :: ['depigmentation spots']

entities_list: @entity6050 :: ('MESH:D011164', 'Disease') :: ['porphyria']

answer: @entity2173 :: (MESH:D014983,Disease) :: ['xeroderma pigmentosum']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity263 is the most common @entity2675 , affecting one @entity1 in six. Prevention of this disease, even in a subset of @entity1 would have a significant impact on public health. The results of the National @entity5 Institute-sponsored @entity263 Prevention Trial demonstrate that @entity585 causes a substantial risk reduction across all known risk groups. We herein amplify on the results of this trial to assist @entity1 and physicians in reaching individualized decisions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The results of the @entity263 Prevention Trial were reviewed. RESULTS: The PCPT demonstrated a 24.8% reduction in @entity263 risk with the administration of @entity585 . High-grade @entity5 were noted in 6.4% of @entity585 @entity1 compared to 5.1% of @entity1 receiving placebo. The increase in high-grade @entity5 was seen within one year of @entity585 exposure and did not increase over time. This observation, combined with previous evidence demonstrating an alteration in cytologic and architectural features of @entity263 with hormonal therapy suggests that the differences in high-grade disease may be an artifact and that application of Gleason grading to these @entity5 may not be appropriate. DISCUSSION: @entity1 should be presented the benefits and risks of taking @entity585 and be assisted in integrating their sexual and urinary symptoms into their decision-making process. Blanket statements for or against the use of this medication ignore @entity1 preferences and differential risk-benefit profiles from @entity585 .

title: Prevention of XXXX with @entity585 : US/European perspective.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Men', 'man', 'men']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer', 'Prostate cancer', 'Prostate Cancer']

entities_list: @entity2675 :: ('MESH:D018567', 'Disease') :: ['male cancer']

entities_list: @entity585 :: ('MESH:D018120', 'Chemical') :: ['finasteride']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'Cancer', 'tumors']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Introduction. @entity2967 ( @entity2967 ) emerge from the synovium and can behave aggressively. Surgical resection is the standard treatment. However, up to half of the @entity1 with diffuse type show recurrences. Several additional treatments have been applied to reduce recurrences; none of these treatments was proven to be superior to surgical resection solely. This article describes the results of additional cryosurgery to surgical resection. Materials and Methods. We retrospectively evaluated 141 @entity2967 @entity1 , between 1999 and 2007. Twelve @entity1 had additional cryosurgery. The knee (n = 8), hip (n = 2), ankle (n = 1), and elbow (n = 1) were affected. Primary outcome variables were treatment indications, recurrences, and complications. Results. Indications for additional cryosurgery were extended disease, @entity79 , and locations that are difficult to surgically get disease-free such as cruciate ligaments. Five @entity1 had recurrent disease, all of which had prior treatments. None of the primary treated @entity1 had recurrent disease. One @entity1 had a @entity281 . Discussion. Cryosurgery may serve as an additional treatment for diffuse TCGT in selected cases. However, because of the small number of @entity1 and the heterogeneous group we could not prove an advantage of additional cryosurgery over surgical resection only. Cryosurgery should be considered for further evaluation in a prospective study. If there is any effect it would be helpful, especially in @entity1 with multiple @entity2967 recurrences.

title: Cryosurgery as Additional Treatment in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone involvement']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['deep infection']

entities_list: @entity2967 :: ('MESH:D005870', 'Disease') :: ['TGCT', 'Tenosynovial giant cell tumors']

answer: @entity2967 :: (MESH:D005870,Disease) :: ['Tenosynovial Giant Cell Tumors']


abstract: Study Design. Systematic Review.Objective. To perform an evidence synthesis of the literature assessing the efficacy of arthroplasty, oblique corpectomy without fusion, and @entity13425 laminectomy to treat symptomatic @entity3799 ( @entity3799 ).Summary of Background Data. Traditionally, @entity1 with symptomatic cervical @entity1745 due to @entity179 have been treated with anterior or posterior approaches or both. Recent reports suggest that there are several non-traditional management strategies which merit attention. The anterior procedures include decompression and anterior reconstruction with an artificial disc, and oblique corpectomy without fusion. A posterior option is decompression, utilizing the @entity13425 laminectomy technique.Methods. We conducted a systematic search in Medline and the Cochrane Collaboration Library for literature published through October 15, 2012 on @entity1 studies published in the English language containing abstracts to answer the following key questions: (1) Is there evidence that artificial disc replacement (ADR) following neural decompression results in equal or improved outcomes compared to anterior cervical decompression and fusion (ACDF) for @entity3799 ? (2) Describe the outcomes of oblique corpectomy without fusion for @entity3799 . (3) Is there evidence that @entity13425 laminectomy results in equal or improved outcomes compared to laminoplasty for @entity3799 ?Results. The initial literature search yielded 141 unique, potentially relevant citations, which were evaluated against the inclusion/exclusion criteria set a priori. A total of 10 studies were selected for inclusion. For question one, two studies suggested that neurologic outcomes favored ADR compared to ACDF, while functional and @entity158 outcomes were inconsistently reported. For question two, five reported case series suggested favorable neurologic, functional and @entity158 outcomes associated with oblique corpectomy in subjects with @entity3799 , compared to the pretreatment condition. For question three, three studies comparing laminoplasty to @entity13425 laminectomy suggested similar neurologic outcomes between treatment groups, although functional and @entity158 outcomes were inconsistently reported.Conclusion. A paucity of high-quality literature exists regarding treatment outcomes associated with arthroplasty, oblique corpectomy without fusion, and @entity13425 laminectomy for symptomatic @entity3799 . Comparative prospective studies with long-term follow-up and standardized outcome measures are needed to appropriately assess treatment outcomes associated with these alternative techniques.Recommendation #1. No recommendation can be made from comparative literature regarding treatment outcomes comparing ADR to ACDF for @entity3799 .Overall Strength of Evidence. InsufficientStrength of Recommendation. StrongRecommendation #2. No recommendation can be made from comparative literature regarding treatment outcomes comparing laminoplasty to @entity13425 laminectomy for @entity3799 .Overall Strength of Evidence. LowStrength of Recommendation. StrongSummary Statement. Oblique corpectomy is an option in selected cases of @entity3799 . It should not be considered a first line treatment strategy due to the relatively high morbidity associated with this procedure.

title: Alternative Procedures for the Treatment of Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy: Arthroplasty, Oblique Corpectomy, XXXX Laminectomy: Evaluation of Comparative Effectiveness and Safety.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3799 :: ('MESH:D002575', 'Disease') :: ['CSM', 'cervical spondylotic myelopathy']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['degenerative disease']

entities_list: @entity1745 :: ('MESH:D013117', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord compression']

answer: @entity13425 :: (22938,Gene) :: ['Skip']


abstract: OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: Information on polymorphous low-grade @entity420 ( @entity7050 ) consists primarily of case reports and small institutional series with varying recurrence rates. In this report, we describe our institutional experience and conduct a review of the literature to assess the overall incidence of @entity7050 among @entity5 and determine recurrence rates. STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective case series and literature-based review was performed. METHODS: Retrospective case series at an academic tertiary referral center. Review of clinical records and pathological analysis of tissue specimens from 20 @entity1 treated for @entity7050 from July 1, 1990 to July 1, 2011. A literature-based review on @entity7050 was also performed. RESULTS: Twenty @entity1 (mean age, 54 years; eight males) with @entity7050 based on pathologic diagnosis were included. The most common initial presentation was an asymptomatic mass (45%), and the most frequent site was the palate (60%). Our literature review identified 54 case reports, eight case series, and 17 large series. In total, 456 cases of @entity7050 were identified, with an overall recurrence rate of 19%. Half of the recurrences occurred by 36 months; however, recurrences were reported up to 24 years after initial resection. CONCLUSIONS: @entity7050 arises from minor salivary glands and is characteristically slow growing and indolent. Although these @entity5 may be histologically low-grade, our review highlights the high rates of recurrence of these @entity5 as well as the ability to metastasize to local lymph nodes and distant organs. The mainstay of treatment should be wide surgical excision with long-term oncologic follow-up. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4 Laryngoscope, 2014.

title: Polymorphous low-grade XXXX : A case series and determination of recurrence.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['oral salivary gland tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity420 :: (MESH:D000230,Disease) :: ['adenocarcinoma']


abstract: Nonrestrained squirrel monkeys were rotated repeatedly in the horizontal plane once per day for preset times or until a @entity391 response occurred. Emesis latencies and frequencies were recorded. Some subjects were fed fresh banana immediately before and after each rotation. The amount consumed provided a measure of conditioned food aversion or feeding suppression. A two-factor model of the @entity11535 was formulated to account for the data. According to the model, appropriate stimulation of the semicircular canals accompanied by visual and proprioceptive stimulation generates two independent physiologic processes or states: an objective @entity391 and a subjective @entity390 process. The @entity391 process is revealed by @entity391 responses and the @entity390 process is inferred from the appearance of conditioned food aversion. Susceptible monkeys (type I) and resistant monkeys (type II) have different @entity391 processes, but both have similar @entity390 processes. Refractory monkeys have no well-developed @entity391 or @entity390 processes. Time and order characteristics of the @entity11535 depend on specific interactions of @entity391 and @entity390 processes.

title: A two-factor model of rotation-induced XXXX in squirrel monkeys.

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['emesis', 'vomiting']

entities_list: @entity11535 :: ('MESH:D009041', 'Disease') :: ['motion-sickness syndrome']

answer: @entity11535 :: (MESH:D009041,Disease) :: ['motion sickness syndrome']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Accumulation of @entity843 causes significant morbidity for @entity1 with unresectable @entity1725 ( @entity1725 ). The success of paracentesis for @entity3558 evacuation is limited due to the presence of adhesions, disease burden, and the viscous nature of @entity843 . We sought to review our experience with laparoscopic evacuation of @entity843 for palliation of @entity1725 . METHODS: Records were reviewed for @entity1 who underwent laparoscopy for @entity189 secondary to appendix or @entity694 from July 2007 to January 2014. Of 123 @entity1 , 10 were identified who underwent 17 laparoscopic procedures for palliative evacuation of @entity843 . RESULTS: All @entity1 had @entity5 and all presented with symptomatic @entity843 causing abdominal distension and bloating. Pneumoperitoneum was established with a Veress needle or 5-mm optical viewing trocar in the majority of cases (n  =  11). In the remaining six cases, an open technique was used and a 10-mm Hasson trocar was placed. There were no trocar-related complications. The median volume of @entity3558 evacuated was 2.0  liters (range 1.7-8.0). All procedures were done as same-day surgeries; no @entity1 required hospitalization. All @entity1 reported symptomatic improvement following the procedure. One @entity1 experienced a grade 1 complication of persistent drainage from one incision, which was managed in the outpatient setting. The median follow-up for all pts was 9.1  months. The median time to recurrent symptoms requiring repeat intervention was 5.3  months. CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopic evacuation of @entity843 for select @entity1 with @entity1725 is feasible and results in significant, durable symptom control with minimal morbidity.

title: Laparoscopic Evacuation of Mucinous Ascites for Palliation of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['primary appendiceal cancers']

entities_list: @entity843 :: ('MESH:D001201', 'Disease') :: ['mucinous ascites', 'ascites']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomatosis']

entities_list: @entity1725 :: ('MESH:D011553', 'Disease') :: ['PMP', 'pseudomyxoma peritonei']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon cancer']

answer: @entity1725 :: (MESH:D011553,Disease) :: ['Pseudomyxoma Peritonei']


abstract: Distributions and air-sea fluxes of @entity3810 ( @entity3727 ) in the seawaters of the Yangtze River estuary and its adjacent marine area were investigated during two cruises in March and July 2012. Dissolved @entity3727 concentrations in surface waters ranged from 9.34 to 49.08 nmol x L(-1) with an average of (13.27    6.40) nmol x L(-1) in spring and ranged from 7.27 to 27.81 nmol x L(-1) with an average of (10.62    5.03) nmol x L(-1) in summer. There was no obvious difference between surface and bottom @entity3727 concentrations. @entity3727 concentrations in both surface and bottom waters decreased along the freshwater plume from the @entity2133 to the open sea. High values of dissolved @entity3727 were found in turbidity maximum zone, which suggests that maximal turbidity enhances nitrification. Temperature had dual effects on dissolved @entity3727 concentrations. @entity3727 saturations in surface waters ranged from 86.9% to 351.3% with an average of (111.5    41.4)% in spring and ranged from 111.7% to 396.0% with an average of (155.9    68.4)% in summer. @entity3727 were over-saturated at most stations. The sea-to-air fluxes of @entity3727 were estimated to be (3.2    10.9), (5.5    19.3) and (12.2   52.3)  mol x (m2 x d)(-1) in spring and (7.3    12.4), (12.7    20.4) and (20.4    35.9)  mol x (m2 x d)(-1) in summer using the LM86, W92 and RC01 relationships, respectively. The annual emissions of @entity3727 from the Yangtze River estuary and its adjacent marine area were estimated to be 0.6 x 10(-2) Tg x a(-1) (LM86), 1.1 x 10(-2) Tg x a(-1) (W92) and 2.0 x 10(-2) Tg x a(-1) (RC01). Although the area of the Yangtze River estuary and its adjacent marine area only accounts for 0.02% of the total area of the world's oceans, their emission of @entity3727 accounts for 0.06% of global oceanic @entity3727 emission, indicating that the Yangtze River estuary and its adjacent marine area is an active area to produce and emit @entity3727 .

title: [Distributions and air-sea fluxes of dissolved XXXX in the Yangtze River estuary and its adjacent marine area in spring and summer].

entities_list: @entity2133 :: ('MESH:D014987', 'Disease') :: ['river mouth']

entities_list: @entity3810 :: ('MESH:D009609', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrous oxide']

answer: @entity3810 :: (MESH:D009609,Chemical) :: ['nitrous oxide']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity4 and @entity358 are associated with significant morbidity and mortality in the setting of a @entity358 or @entity1143 ( @entity1143 ). We reviewed our experience using in utero thoracoamniotic shunts (TA) to manage fetuses with these diagnoses. METHODS: A retrospective review of fetuses diagnosed with a @entity358 or @entity1143 who underwent TA shunt placement from 1998-2013 was performed. RESULTS: Ninety-seven shunts were placed in 75 fetuses. Average gestational age (   SD) at shunt placement and birth was 25  3 and 34  5weeks. Shunt placement resulted in a 55  21% decrease in macrocystic lung lesion volume and complete or partial drainage of the @entity1143 in 29% and 71% of fetuses. 69% of fetuses presented with @entity4 , which resolved following shunt placement in 83%. Survival was 68%, which correlated with GA at birth, % reduction in lesion size, unilateral @entity1143 , and @entity4 resolution. Surviving @entity1 had prolonged NICU courses and often required either surgical resection or tube thoracostomy in the perinatal period. CONCLUSION: TA shunts provide a therapeutic option for select fetuses with large macrocystic @entity358 or PEs at risk for @entity4 and/or @entity358 . Survival following shunting depends on GA at birth, reduction in mass size, and @entity4 resolution.

title: Thoracoamniotic shunts for the management of fetal @entity358 and XXXX : a single-institution review and predictors of survival in 75 cases.

entities_list: @entity1143 :: ('MESH:D010996', 'Disease') :: ['PE', 'pleural effusion', 'pleural effusions']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['hydrops', 'Hydrops']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary hypoplasia', 'congenital lung lesion', 'lung lesions']

answer: @entity1143 :: (MESH:D010996,Disease) :: ['pleural effusions']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: Evaluation of the effects of an experimental long-acting non-ergot @entity935 agonist, CV 205-502, on serum @entity4090 , @entity5 size, gonadal function, @entity227 , and tolerability in @entity1 with @entity2013 . DESIGN: Prospective, unblinded, dose escalation as needed. SETTING: Four university medical centers; @entity1 referred for treatment. @entity1 : Twenty-six hyperprolactinemic @entity1 ( @entity4090 greater than 150 micrograms/L) with a @entity4611 were treated for 24 weeks with CV 205-502 given once daily. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Serum @entity4090 was measured at regular intervals. @entity4090 levels decreased in all @entity1 during treatment (mean pretreatment level, 2051.7 +/- 1077 micrograms/L [+/- SE]; 24 weeks, 39.0 +/- 11.3 micrograms/L; P = 0.0001); normal @entity4090 levels were achieved in 15 (58%). @entity5 size decreased in 21 of 26 @entity1 and ranged from 6% to 67% (mean, 19.2% +/- 3.4%). Onset or return of regular menses occurred in 11 of 15 premenopausal @entity1 , accompanied by an increase in @entity53 concentrations (pretreatment, 186.5 +/- 25.0 pmol/L; on treatment, 690.9 +/- 104.3 pmol/L; P = 0.0003). Serum @entity251 increased in 6 of 8 @entity1 ; sexual function improved in 5 of 7 with @entity854 . Two @entity1 with reversible @entity227 improved within 2 weeks of starting treatment. Side effects occurred in 11 @entity1 and abated over 1 to 2 weeks or after the dose was reduced. There was no evidence of @entity137 as indicated by serial serum chemistries, liver function tests, hematologic profiles, @entity1955 levels, and electrocardiogram studies. CONCLUSIONS: CV 205-502 reverses @entity4089 and promotes reduction in @entity5 size with reversal of @entity227 and restoration of gonadal function in most @entity1 . This compound will probably be useful in treating @entity2013 .

title: Treatment of @entity4090 -secreting @entity4611 with the long-acting non-ergot XXXX agonist CV 205-502.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'women', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity4089 :: ('MESH:D006966', 'Disease') :: ['hyperprolactinemia']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity2013 :: ('MESH:D015175', 'Disease') :: ['prolactinomas', 'macroprolactinomas']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor']

entities_list: @entity1955 :: ('MESH:D013974', 'Chemical') :: ['thyroxine']

entities_list: @entity4090 :: ('5617', 'Gene') :: ['prolactin', 'Prolactin']

entities_list: @entity4611 :: ('MESH:D010900', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary macroadenoma']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['estradiol']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['pretreatment abnormalities']

answer: @entity935 :: (MESH:D004298,Chemical) :: ['dopamine']


abstract: The T cell receptor (TCR) alpha beta variable (V) gene family usage of @entity5 -infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) in four different primary @entity1 @entity320 and their corresponding metastatic lesions was characterized using a recently developed method based on the reverse-transcription-coupled polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). All @entity1 were typed for HLA-A1 and -A2, either serologically or by a newly developed RT-PCR method. Two of these @entity1 expressed HLA-A2, one the HLA-A1 haplotype and one further @entity1 was heterozygous HLA-A1/-A2. The prognostic parameters for all four @entity1 indicated that rapid progression of the disease was to be expected. However, only two of the @entity1 showed rapid progression, while the remaining two @entity1 are still alive after more than 3 years. In TIL in primary @entity320 , a possible correlation was suggested between HLA-A2 and the preferential usage of the TCR V gene families V alpha 4, V alpha 5, V alpha 22 and V beta 8, whereas the V beta 3 gene family appeared to be expressed together with HLA-A1. Other highly expressed V gene families, apparently not restricted to either HLA-A1 or -A2, were V alpha 1 (expressed in three of four primary @entity5 ) and V alpha 21 (expressed in two of four @entity5 ). We found no evidence suggesting any correlations between the haplotypes HLA-A1 and -A2 and preferential V gene family expression in the metastatic lesions, and the only common feature was V alpha 8, which was found to be highly expressed in two out of three subcutaneous @entity3 . The V gene families, which were highly expressed in the primary @entity5 were generally not, or only very weakly, expressed in @entity3 and vice versa, possibly reflecting a change in the phenotype of the metastatic @entity320 target cells. With regards to @entity1 0368, it was possible to obtain and study material from two subcutaneous @entity3 . The first @entity3 was excised more than a year after the primary @entity5 , showing a completely different V region repertoire. The second @entity3 was excised at surgery 2 years after primary surgery and likewise showed a dramatic shift in comparison to the first subcutaneous @entity3 . Although the present study only included a small number of @entity1 , it suggests that the estimation of V gene expression, if applied to a larger amount of @entity1 material, might make it possible to substantiate further the suggested correlations between the T cell response against the @entity5 , HLA and antigen expression.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: Analysis of T cell receptor alpha beta variability in lymphocytes infiltrating @entity320 primary XXXX and metastatic lesions.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma', 'malignant melanomas', 'melanomas']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'metastases']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumours']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Hospital-acquired @entity293 ( @entity293 ) significantly impact hospital outcomes. Colorectal surgery is inherently high risk for @entity86 including @entity22048 , and these @entity1 may have unique outcomes as compared to other medical and surgical hospitalizations. We aim to assess the impact of the differing definitions of @entity22048 captured by our hospital quality measures on hospital charges, length of stay (LOS), and mortality after colorectal resections at our institution. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Existing hospital quality surveillance was used to retrospectively identify postcolorectal resection @entity22048 , as defined by the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP), and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN)-defined catheter-associated @entity293 (CAUTI), from 2006-2012. Both groups were compared to colorectal resections performed during the same period that did not develop a @entity22048 . Groups were compared for differences in 30-d surgical outcomes with multivariate analysis of total hospital charges and LOS. RESULTS: During our study period, we identified 18 CAUTIs and 42 @entity22048 , and 1064 other colorectal resections ( @entity22048 rate, 5.3%). Our overall mortality rate was 4.4% and was not associated with CAUTI or @entity22048 on univariate analysis. CAUTI, but not @entity22048 , was associated with a 73% increase in LOS and 70% increase in total hospital charges on multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS: By reviewing quality outcomes surveillance modalities at our hospital, we identified postcolorectal resection CAUTI, but not @entity22048 , to be associated with increased total hospital charges and LOS. Neither was associated with mortality.

title: Impact of XXXX definitions on colorectal outcomes.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative infections']

entities_list: @entity293 :: ('MESH:D014552', 'Disease') :: ['urinary tract infections', 'UTIs']

answer: @entity293 :: (MESH:D014552,Disease) :: ['urinary tract infection']


abstract: The time course for delivery and transport of two major @entity778 (HSV) has been determined for mature @entity19 retinal ganglion cell axons in vivo. Twenty-four hours after intravitreal injection of HSV, @entity6933 was introduced into the drinking water of the @entity19 to inhibit subsequent viral replication. Without treatment, viral spread and replication in periaxonal glial cells confound study of axonal transport. At 2 to 5 days after @entity281 , the animals were sacrificed and contiguous segments of the optic pathway were removed. Immunofluorescence microscopy indicated that the number of infected astrocytes was reduced in the proximal optic nerve and eliminated in the optic tract. Western blots of the retina with antibodies for envelope and capsid components, @entity43985 ( @entity43985 ) and VP5, respectively, revealed that both components were expressed in retinal homogenates by 2 days. Results of reverse transcription-PCR indicated that there was no @entity43985 mRNA present in the treated optic tract 5 days after @entity281 . Therefore, we conclude that @entity43985 is transcribed from viral mRNA in the retinal ganglion cell bodies. The @entity43985 accumulated in the proximal ganglion cell axon by 2 days and reached the most distal segment after 3 days. The VP5 first appeared in the proximal axons at 4 days, about 48 h after the appearance of @entity43985 . Thus, @entity43985 entered the axon earlier and independent of VP5. These finding confirm the subassembly model of viral transport in neurons and suggest that there is a 4- to 5-day window for initiation of effective antiviral treatment with @entity6933 .

title: XXXX in a mature @entity19 visual system.

entities_list: @entity778 :: ('MESH:D015658', 'Disease') :: ['proteins of herpes simplex virus']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity6933 :: ('MESH:C084555', 'Chemical') :: ['valacyclovir']

answer: @entity778 :: (MESH:D015658,Disease) :: ['Axonal transport and sorting of herpes simplex virus components']


abstract: Tumor progression largely depends on blood supply and neovessel formation, and angiogenesis is emerging as a promising target for @entity5 therapy. @entity7 ( @entity7 ), a major proangiogenic molecule, stimulates angiogenesis via promoting endothelial proliferation, survival and migration. @entity7 has been found to be up-regulated in various types of @entity5 and to be associated with @entity5 progression and poor prognosis. Inhibition of @entity7 or its signaling pathway has been shown to suppress @entity5 angiogenesis and @entity5 growth. In the present study, we tested the antiangiogenic and antitumor effects of soluble @entity7 receptor-1 [soluble @entity6758 ] on the growth of @entity259 ( @entity259 ). We constructed a 293 embryonic kidney cell line (293-Flt1-3d) that expresses sFlt-1, which is composed of the first three extracellular domains of @entity6758 . The 293-Flt1-3d cells inhibited the in vitro growth of @entity1 umbilical vein endothelial cells in a paracrine manner. The in vivo antitumor and antiangiogenic activities of the 293-Flt1-3d cells were tested. When 293-Flt1-3d cells were inoculated at a site remote to the @entity259 -133 @entity5 transplant, the growth of @entity259 -133 @entity5 were inhibited by 70.37%, as compared with the control treatment with 293 cells expressing control gene LacZ. Immunohistochemical analysis of microvessel densities in treated @entity5 demonstrated that 293-Flt1-3d cells robustly suppressed intratumoral angiogenesis. Our data suggest that a @entity1 cell-mediated approach could effectively deliver sFlt-1 gene therapy and inhibit @entity5 angiogenesis and @entity5 growth.

title: sFlt-1 gene therapy of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian', 'human']

entities_list: @entity7 :: ('7422', 'Gene') :: ['VEGF', 'Vascular endothelial growth factor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity259 :: ('MESH:D013964', 'Disease') :: ['FTC', 'follicular thyroid carcinoma']

answer: @entity259 :: (MESH:D013964,Disease) :: ['follicular thyroid carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Analysis of body fluids includes an estimate of total nucleated cell count (TNCC). Automated methods may enhance the accuracy and timeliness of TNCC results. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this report was to assess the ability of the ADVIA 120 hematology analyzer to accurately count nucleated cells in pleural and peritoneal fluids from animals, compared with manual counts. METHODS: Pleural and peritoneal fluids submitted in @entity1098 tubes to our laboratory over a 17-month period were used in the study. TNCC/microL was determined by a manual method, using a hemocytometer, and by an automated method, using the ADVIA 120. Correlation of results was determined by Passing-Bablok regression, Bland-Altman plots, and Pearson correlation analysis. RESULTS: Samples from @entity235 (n=36), @entity468 (n=36), @entity1641 (n=59), and @entity7858 (n=11) were analyzed. High correlation in TNCC between methods was found for peritoneal fluid (n=93, r=.959), pleural fluid (n=49, r=.966), and all fluids combined (n=142, r=.960) (P<.001). Variation between methods was greater in samples with TNCCs<1000/microL (r=.62, P<.001). The ADVIA systematically overestimated the number of cells in all fluid samples by 95 cells/microL (confidence interval=19.2-190.5/muL). CONCLUSION: The ADVIA 120 reliably determines TNCC in @entity1143 and can be recommended for routine veterinary laboratory analysis.

title: Comparison between manual and automated total nucleated cell counts using the ADVIA 120 for pleural and peritoneal fluid samples from @entity235 , @entity468 , XXXX , and @entity7858 .

entities_list: @entity1143 :: ('MESH:D010996', 'Disease') :: ['pleural and peritoneal effusions']

answer: @entity1641 :: (9796,Species) :: ['horses']