abstract: UNASSIGNED: We studied 11 autopsied cases of the @entity600 , comparing the findings with 11 hearts with intact ventricular septal structures, and nine hearts having perimembranous @entity1757 in the absence of aortic overriding. We found variable lengths for the @entity1147 in the hearts with @entity6924 . It was well developed in three hearts, of intermediate length in seven, and very short in one of the specimens. The muscular outlet septum was also of variable length compared with the free-standing subpulmonary infundibular sleeve. Except for one, all hearts had fibrous continuity between the aortic and tricuspid valvar leaflets, such that the @entity1757 was then perimembranous. In the remaining case, there was a completely subaortic muscular infundibulum, with the @entity1757 showing only muscular borders. The medial papillary muscle was absent in the majority of cases, but was well formed in three hearts, all with relatively short muscular outlet septums. We identified mild, intermediate, and severe degrees of rightward rotation of the aortic valve, and these findings correlated with the extent of @entity2333 . In nine of the 11 hearts, the ventriculo-arterial connections were concordant, but there was double-outlet from the right ventricle in the other two specimens. Based on our anatomic and morphometric observations, we conclude that the hearts we have defined as having @entity6924 show marked individual variation in their specific phenotypic anatomy.

title: The XXXX : a morphologic study.

entities_list: @entity1757 :: ('MESH:D006345', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular septal defects', 'ventricular septal defect']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['Eisenmenger malformation']

entities_list: @entity1147 :: ('MESH:D004310', 'Disease') :: ['subpulmonary infundibulum']

entities_list: @entity2333 :: ('MESH:D001018', 'Disease') :: ['aortic valvar overriding']

entities_list: @entity6924 :: ('MESH:D004541', 'Disease') :: ['Eisenmenger defects']

answer: @entity600 :: (MESH:D000014,Disease) :: ['Eisenmenger malformation']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: In this study, we investigated the effects of observing @entity158 and touch in others on vicarious somatosensory experiences and the detection of subtle somatosensory stimuli. Furthermore, the effect of taking a first- versus a third- @entity1 perspective was investigated. Undergraduates (N = 57) viewed videos depicting hands being pricked ( @entity158 ), hands being touched by a @entity2708 swab (touch), and control scenes (same approaching movement of a hand as in the other video categories, but without the @entity158 /touching object) while experiencing vibrotactile stimuli themselves on the left, on the right, or on both hands. @entity1 reported the location at which they felt a somatosensory stimulus. The vibrotactile stimuli and visual scenes were applied in a spatially congruent or incongruent way, and other trials were presented without vibrotactile stimuli. The videos were depicted in first- @entity1 perspective and third- @entity1 perspective (i.e., the videos were shown upside down). We calculated the proportions of correct responses and false alarms (i.e., numbers of trials on which a vicarious somatosensory experience was reported congruent or incongruent to the site of the visual information). @entity158 -related scenes facilitated the detection of tactile stimuli and augmented the number of vicarious somatosensory experiences, as compared with observing the touch or control videos. Detection accuracy was higher for videos depicted in first- @entity1 perspective than for those in third- @entity1 perspective. Perspective had no effect on the number of vicarious somatosensory experiences. This study indicates that somatosensory detection is particularly enhanced during the observation of @entity158 -related scenes, as compared to the observation of touch or control videos. These research findings further demonstrate that perspective taking impacts somatosensory detection, but not the report of vicarious experiences.

title: Vicarious experiences and detection accuracy while observing XXXX and touch: The effect of perspective taking.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Participants', 'person']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['Pain', 'pain', 'painful']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: The nuclear receptor REV-ERBa (encoded by @entity63879 ) has a critical role in metabolism and physiology as well as circadian rhythm. Here, we investigated the possible contribution of clock genes including @entity63879 to the secretion of @entity22667 (PGF2a) from @entity291 uterine stromal (USCs) and epithelial cells (UECs) by modulating the expression of @entity39979 . The circadian oscillation of clock genes in the cells was weak compared with that reported in rodents, but the expression of BMAL1, @entity33553 , and @entity63879 was changed temporally by treatment with ovarian @entity230 . Significant expression of clock genes including @entity63879 was detected in USCs exposed to @entity1420 . @entity63879 was also significantly expressed in UECs exposed to @entity53 . The expression of @entity39979 was suppressed in USCs exposed to @entity1420 , while the expression was initially suppressed in UECs exposed to @entity53 and then increased after long-term exposure to @entity53 . BMAL1 knockdown with specific siRNA caused a significant decrease in the transcript levels of @entity63879 and @entity39979 in USCs, but not in UECs. The production of PGF2a also decreased in USCs after BMAL1 knockdown, while its level did not significantly change in UECs. The transcript level of @entity39979 was increased by treatment with the antagonist of REV-ERBa in both cell types, but the agonist was ineffective. In these two cell types treated with the agonist or antagonist, the PGF2a production coincided well with the @entity39979 expression. Collectively, these results indicate that REV-ERBa plays an inhibitory role in the expression of @entity39979 in both @entity291 USCs and UECs treated with ovarian @entity230 .

title: REV-ERBa Inhibits the @entity39979 Expression in XXXX Uterus Endometrium Stromal and Epithelial Cells Exposed to Ovarian @entity230 .

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone']

entities_list: @entity22667 :: ('CHEBI:15553', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandin F2a']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['estradiol']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['Bovine']


abstract: 1. Intracellular recordings were obtained from ganglion cells in the @entity840 inferior mesenteric ganglion (IMG) with a segment of the distal @entity694 .2. Continuous electrical activity consisting of excitatory synaptic potentials and action potentials was recorded from ganglion cells in all regions of the IMG.3. The ;spontaneous' synaptic potentials were indistinguishable from those elicited by submaximal stimulation of any of the nerve trunks connected to the IMG.4. The excitatory activity was irreversibly abolished when the lumbar colonic nerves were cut and reversibly abolished when @entity1022 (5 x 10(-7) g/ml.) was added to the colon side of a two-compartment organ bath.5. Addition of @entity6325 (5 x 10(-6) g/ml.) to the ganglion side of the bath abolished the synaptic activity of colonic origin and the synaptic responses to stimulation of any of the nerve trunks connected to the IMG.6. Addition of @entity6325 (1 x 10(-5) g/ml.) to the colon side of the bath markedly depressed the synaptic input of colonic origin but had no effect on synaptic responses produced by preganglionic nerve stimulation.7. Distension of the colonic segment and the application of @entity750 (1 x 10(-5) g/ml.) to the mucosal surface of the colon increased the frequency of synaptic input.8. The synaptic input from the colon was transiently blocked following repetitive stimulation of any of the nerve trunks connected to the IMG. The discharge of miniature synaptic potentials was unaffected.9. Addition of @entity1063 (1 x 10(-7) to 1 x 10(-6) g/ml.) to the colon side of the bath reduced, and in some cases completely abolished, the synaptic input to the IMG. @entity5521 (1 x 10(-6) g/ml.), when added to the colon side of the bath, blocked the effect of @entity1063 and the transient inhibition following repetitive nerve stimulation.10. Addition of @entity1063 (1 x 10(-4) g/ml.) to the ganglion side of the bath reduced but never abolished the amplitude of the synaptic potentials of colonic origin.11. It was concluded that in the @entity840 , the IMG is involved in a peripheral reflex whose afferent limit of this reflex consists of the axons of cholinergic neurones within the wall of the colon. Many of these neurones are driven either directly or indirectly by cholinergic synapses. The efferent noradrenergic neurones of the IMG function as a group of inhibitory neurones which depress the activity of the excitatory neurones of the colon which are driving them.

title: Excitatory input from the distal colon to the inferior mesenteric ganglion in the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1022 :: ('MESH:D013779', 'Chemical') :: ['tetrodotoxin']

entities_list: @entity5521 :: ('MESH:D010646', 'Chemical') :: ['Phentolamine']

entities_list: @entity6325 :: ('MESH:D004079', 'Chemical') :: ['dihydro-beta-erythroidine']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['noradrenaline']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon attached to the lumbar colonic nerves']

answer: @entity840 :: (10141,Species) :: ['guinea-pig']


abstract: Aerodynamic force generation and power requirements in forward flight in a @entity238 with modeled wing motion were studied using the method of computational fluid dynamics. The Navier-Stokes equations were solved numerically. The solution provided the flow velocity and pressure fields, from which the vorticity wake structure and the unsteady aerodynamic forces and torques were obtained (the inertial torques due to the acceleration of the wing-mass were computed analytically). From the flow-structure and force information, insights were gained into the unsteady aerodynamic force generation. On the basis of the aerodynamic and inertial torques, the mechanical power was obtained, and its properties were investigated. The unsteady force mechanisms revealed previously for hovering (i.e. delayed stall, rapid acceleration at the beginning of the @entity64 and fast @entity717 at the end of the @entity64 ) apply to forward flight. Even at high advance ratios, e.g. J=0.53-0.66 (J is the advance ratio), the leading edge vortex does not shed (at such advance ratios, the wing travels approximately 6.5 chord lengths during the downstroke). At low speeds (J approximately equal to 0.13), the lift (vertical force) for weight support is produced during both the down- and upstrokes (the downstroke producing approximately 80% and the upstroke producing approximately 20% of the mean lift), and the lift is contributed mainly by the wing lift; the thrust that overcomes the body drag is produced during the upstroke, and it is contributed mainly by the wing drag. At medium speeds (J approximately equal to 0.27), the lift is mainly produced during the downstroke and the thrust mainly during the upstroke; both of them are contributed almost equally by the wing lift and wing drag. At high speeds (J approximately equal to 0.53), the lift is mainly produced during the downstroke and is mainly contributed by the wing drag; the thrust is produced during both the down- and upstrokes, and in the downstroke, is contributed by the wing lift and in the upstroke, by the wing drag. In forward flight, especially at medium and high flight speeds, the work done during the downstroke is significantly greater than during the upstroke. At advance ratios J approximately equal to 0.13, 0.27 and 0.53, the work done during the downstroke is approximately 1.6, 2.8 and 4.2 times as much as that during the upstroke, respectively. At J=0 (hovering), the body-mass-specific power is approximately 29 W kg(-1); at J=0.13 and 0.27, the power is approximately 10% less than that of hovering; at J=0.40, the power is approximately the same as that of hovering; when J is further increased, the power increases sharply. The graph of power against flying speeds is approximately J-shaped. From the graph of power against flying speeds, it is predicted that the insect usually flies at advance ratios between zero and 0.4, and for fast flight, it would @entity238 at an advance ratio between 0.4 and 0.53.

title: Aerodynamic force generation and power requirements in forward flight in a XXXX with modeled wing motion.

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['pitching-up rotation']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['strokes']

answer: @entity238 :: (7227,Species) :: ['fruit fly']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical effects of the artificial vertebral body of the biomimetic nano- @entity692 / @entity8607 66 (n-HA/PA66) composite for the structural reconstruction and the height restoring of the vertebral body in the thoracolumbar @entity174 by the anterior surgical procedures. METHODS: From December 2003 to January 2006, 42 @entity1 with thoracolumbar @entity174 received the anterior surgical procedures to decompress and reconstruct the spinal vertebral structure with the artificial vertebral body of the n-HA/PA66 composite. Among the @entity1 , there were 28 males and 14 females, aged 17-67 years, averaged 43.6 years. The thoracolumbar @entity174 developed at T12 in 5 @entity1 , at L1 in 17, at L2 in 14, and at L3 in 6. The height of the anterior border of the vertebral body amounted to 29%-47% of the vertebral body height, averaged 40.6%. The Cobb angle on the sagittal plane was 21-38 degrees averaged 27.6 degrees. According to the Frankel grading scale, the injuries to the nerves were as the following: Grade A in 7 @entity1 , Grade B in 19, Grade C in 8, Grade D in 6, and Grade E in 2. RESULTS: All the 42 @entity1 were followed up for 6-25 months. Among the @entity1 , 36 were reconstructed almost based on the normal anatomic structure, and 6 were well reconstructed. The mean height of the anterior border of the vertebral body was 40.6% of the vertebral body height before operation but 91.7% after operation. And the reconstructed height of the vertebra was maintained. The mean Cobb angle on the sagittal plane was 27.6 degrees before operation but 13.4 degrees after operation. All the @entity1 had a recovery of the neurological function that had a 1-grade or 2-grade improvement except 7 @entity1 who were still in Grade A and 2 @entity1 who were in Grade D. The implant was fused 3-5 months after operation. No @entity281 , nail break, bar/ plate break or loosening of the internal fixation occurred. CONCLUSION: The artificial vertebral body of the biomimetic n-HA/PA66 composite can effectively restore the height and the structure of the vertebra, can be fused with the vertebral body to reconstruct the spinal structural stability effectively, and can be extensively used in the clinical practice.

title: Application of artificial vertebral body of biomimetic nano- @entity692 / @entity8607 66 composite in anterior surgical treatment of thoracolumbar XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8607 :: ('CHEBI:61445', 'Chemical') :: ['polyamide']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures']

entities_list: @entity692 :: ('MESH:D017886', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxyapatite']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['fractures']


abstract: @entity1561 ( @entity1561 ) is a clinicopathologic entity characterized by a variety of @entity99 patterns without significant @entity167 use. It has a close association with @entity28 , so treatment includes @entity353 , control of insulin sensitivity, interventions directed at @entity32 and @entity82 . There is a certain relationship between the grade and duration of food restriction and hepatic function. The objective of this work was to describe the relationship between biochemistry, autoantibodies, @entity2503 ( @entity2503 ), insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3), and liver morphology in experimental @entity95 groups with food restriction as compared to controls with ad libitum food (ADL) income. The experiment was performed on a total of 24 @entity95 of a weaning age of 25-81 days. The first group (R1) was restricted between 32 and 39 days of age to 50g of food per @entity95 a day. The second group (R2) was also restricted between 32 and 39 days, but the @entity95 received 65g of food per @entity95 a day. At the end of the experiment, the blood and liver samples were collected at necropsy. @entity1561 has developed in all three groups. There was any autoantibody positivity in all three groups. @entity2503 is moderately higher in R1 and R2 group, as compared to the control group (P>0.05). IGFBP-3 is without statistical significance in all three groups. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is the only liver biochemical parameter that has significantly increased following food restriction (P>0.039). Single one-week restriction has any protective effect on @entity1561 development.

title: Histopathological aspects of liver under variable food restriction: Has the intense one-week food restriction a protective effect on non-alcoholic-fatty-liver-disease ( XXXX ) development?

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity2503 :: ('100008668(Tax:9986)', 'Gene') :: ['IGF-I', 'insulin-like growth factor I']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity95 :: ('9986', 'Species') :: ['rabbits', 'rabbit']

entities_list: @entity1561 :: ('MESH:D065626', 'Disease') :: ['NAFLD', 'Non-alcoholic-fatty-liver-disease']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic injury']

answer: @entity1561 :: (MESH:D065626,Disease) :: ['NAFLD']


abstract: The physiological meaning of insulin-like growth factor II ( @entity5100 ) is still enigmatic. @entity5100 occurs in the adult @entity1 brain where it is expressed in the mesodermal portion of the choroid plexus and the meninges, but results on its presence in cells of neuroepithelial origin are controversial. However, @entity5100 mRNA is transiently expressed in neurones during @entity1 early development. In bony fish, @entity5100 mRNA is also present in the adult brain but nothing is known about its synthesis sites. Thus, the present study using in situ hybridization with @entity1859 -labelled RNA species-specific probes investigates the cellular distribution of @entity5100 mRNA in the adult brain of a bony fish, the tilapia ( @entity13864 ). As in mammals, @entity5100 mRNA was strongly expressed in the choroid plexus and meninges. Thus, @entity5100 synthesis by choroid plexus and meninges seems to have a long evolutionary history and may be common to all vertebrates. However, as shown by the detailed investigation of landmark nuclei and regions, @entity5100 mRNA occurred also in numerous neurones at all levels of the tilapia brain. The distinct localization of @entity5100 mRNA in neurones might indicate that neuronal @entity5100 acts as transmitter or modulator. However, the widespread occurrence of the @entity5100 -producing neurones argues against this assumption and most probably suggests that @entity5100 plays a role in the differentiation, maintenance and regeneration of neurones. It is further assumed that the sustained neuronal @entity5100 expression in the brain of the adult tilapia correlates with continued post-embryonic up to life-long brain growth as has been shown in many teleost fishes.

title: Insulin-like growth factor II mRNA is expressed in neurones of the brain of the bony fish XXXX , the tilapia.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian']

entities_list: @entity1859 :: ('MESH:D004076', 'Chemical') :: ['digoxigenin']

entities_list: @entity13864 :: ('8127', 'Species') :: ['Oreochromis mossambicus']

answer: @entity13864 :: (8127,Species) :: ['Oreochromis mossambicus']


abstract: The aim of this study was to deplete baboons of anti-(alpha)galactosyl (alphaGal] antibody and attempt to maintain depletion by pharmacologic immunosuppressive therapy (PI). In 12 experiments, involving nine @entity6599 , repeated extracorporeal immunoadsorption (EIA) was carried out by plasma perfusion through immunoaffinity columns of synthetic alphaGal trisaccharide type 6. Five of the @entity6599 were immunologically naive and four had undergone various procedures at least 6 months previously. All, however, had recovered lymphohematopoietic function and (with one exception) had levels of anti-alphaGal antibody within the normal range. Eleven protocols included continuous i.v. @entity205 (to maintain whole blood levels of approximately 1,600 ng/ml). In addition, in ten protocols, the @entity3474 received one or more of the following drugs: @entity786 (1-20 mg/kg/day), @entity618 (70-700 mg/ kg/day), brequinar @entity1372 (1-12 mg/kg/day), @entity617 (1 mg/kg/day), melphalan (0.15-0.6 mg/kg/day), @entity1667 (125 mg/day x3), and antilymphocyte globulin (ATG) (50 mg/kg/day x3). EIA was carried out on 1-9 occasions in each study and was temporarily successful in removing all antibody. When no PI was administered, antibody returned close to pre-EIA levels within 48 hr. @entity205 alone delayed the rate of antibody return only slightly. While EIA was continuing on a daily or alternate day schedule, antibody levels (both IgM and IgG) were maintained at 20-45% of pre-EIA levels. Once EIA was discontinued but PI maintained, IgM rose to 40-90% and IgG to 30-60% of pre-EIA levels. In vitro testing demonstrated significant @entity137 to @entity1707 cells at these antibody levels. We conclude that i) EIA utilizing columns of alphaGal trisaccharide is successful in temporarily depleting baboons of anti-alphaGal antibody, but ii) none of the PI regimens tested suppressed antibody production to levels which would be expected to prevent antibody-mediated rejection of @entity1707 xenografts. Additional strategies will therefore be required if xenotransplantation is to become a clinical reality.

title: Pharmacologic immunosuppressive therapy and extracorporeal immunoadsorption in the suppression of anti-alphaGal antibody in the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1667 :: ('MESH:D008775', 'Chemical') :: ['methylprednisolone']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['Cyclosporine', 'cyclosporine']

entities_list: @entity618 :: ('MESH:C063008', 'Chemical') :: ['mycophenolate mofetil']

entities_list: @entity617 :: ('MESH:D011239', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisolone']

answer: @entity3474 :: (9555,Species) :: ['baboon']


abstract: @entity11347 (Livial), a synthetic @entity134 , relieves climacteric symptoms and maintains skeletal integrity in postmenopausal @entity1 . We have been using this compound for 8 years and have now reviewed our clinical experience in 301 postmenopausal @entity1 . The majority (65.12%) had not previously received climacteric therapy; 34.55% had previously received @entity2931 /progestogen therapy. A significant proportion of those started on @entity11347 were specifically referred for consideration of non-oestrogenic therapy because of a past history of breast dysfunction--27 @entity1 with @entity1558 and 11 @entity1 who had undergone surgery for @entity0 . Overall @entity11347 was well tolerated and climacteric symptoms were relieved within 3-5 weeks. The major side effect was @entity1017 and/or a tendency to bloating and @entity4 which occurred in 11.28% of our @entity1 . @entity3556 occurred in 33 @entity1 (12.69%) but in 17 of these @entity1 the @entity548 was due to recent @entity2931 therapy. Bleeding resulted from a polyp or fibroid in 11 @entity1 ; no cause was found in the remaining five. Breast symptoms were reported by only 7.52% and no breast symptoms were reported in any of the 27 @entity1 referred because of @entity1558 . The total 'drop-out-rate' due to side effects was only 2.66% (eight @entity1 ).

title: Clinical experience with XXXX (Livial) over 8 years.

entities_list: @entity3556 :: ('MESH:D014592', 'Disease') :: ['Vaginal bleeding']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma of the breast']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity2931 :: ('CHEBI:50114', 'Chemical') :: ['oestrogen']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['oedema']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['weight gain']

entities_list: @entity11347 :: ('MESH:C027385', 'Chemical') :: ['Tibolone', 'tibolone']

entities_list: @entity1558 :: ('MESH:D001941', 'Disease') :: ['benign breast disease']

answer: @entity11347 :: (MESH:C027385,Chemical) :: ['tibolone']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity99 in @entity82 heralds an accelerated course with poor survival. An increase in @entity99 ( @entity99 ), rather than surrogate tests of liver function, appears to be the sole predictor of decompensation after surgical resection. We propose that hepatic sinusoidal walls become less elastic as @entity82 progresses. Decompensation signals the development of increased @entity2003 . The pressure-flow characteristics then become subject to Hagen-Poiseuille's law, which applies only to rigid, cylindrical vessels. Thereafter, @entity99 rises exponentially (by a factor inversely proportional to the fourth power of the net radius of functional sinusoidal vessels, 1/r(4), at any given hepatic blood flow rate. This review attempts to correlate @entity409 , risk of decompensation and outcomes from @entity157 ( @entity157 ) in @entity1 with @entity82 . SUMMARY: We compare the complexity of autoregulation in the normal elastic liver, which has a unique dual blood supply, with that in the rigid cirrhotic liver. We also review, in the context of background liver @entity82 , the management of @entity157 which is in essence, a solid mass of unorganized cells that exacerbates @entity409 . We discuss the differential effects of various therapeutic modalities such as liver transplantation, loco-regional therapy and drugs on @entity157 outcomes, based on their effects on @entity99 . KEY MESSAGES: Increased hepatic artery supply, or the hepatic artery buffer response, may be the only available method for autoregulation or maintenance of hepatic blood flow in the cirrhotic liver. In @entity157 , loco-regional therapies, including partial resection of the cirrhotic liver, can exacerbate portal @entity101 by increasing blood flow within the remnant organ. We conclude that studies of @entity99 reduction as part of @entity157 management may be beneficial and are warranted.

title: @entity157 in Cirrhotic XXXX with Portal Hypertension: Relevance of Hagen-Poiseuille's Law.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity2003 :: ('MESH:D009127', 'Disease') :: ['vessel wall rigidity']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver stiffness']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'hepatocellular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['Hepatic decompensation', 'HVPG', 'hepatic venous pressure gradient']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: PURPOSE: Radiation combined with chemotherapy has recently been proposed to treat @entity1 with localised extranodal natural killer (NK)/ @entity784 (ENKTL), nasal type. However, the modalities of the chemoradiotherapy combination and drug choices remain a matter of debate. We conducted a concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) study with the ESHAP ( @entity2879 , @entity479 , High-dose @entity2592 and @entity902 ) regimen. METHODS: An induction phase with two upfront courses of CCRT delivering a 40Gy dose of radiation concurrently with two cycles of the ESHAP chemotherapy regimen, followed by a consolidation phase with 2-3 cycles of ESHAP chemotherapy alone. RESULTS: Thirteen @entity1 with localised ENKTL nasal type were enrolled between January 2005 and December 2014. The median age was 62years. Ten and three @entity1 had Ann Arbor stage IE and IIE disease, respectively. They all completed the induction CCRT phase. A median of two consolidation ESHAP cycles were delivered. During consolidation, 8/13 (62%) @entity1 had a reduction in the number of chemotherapy cycles or reduced chemotherapy doses, due to haematologically adverse events. The other five @entity1 (38%) received the full number of ESHAP cycles of chemotherapy scheduled without a dose reduction. All but one @entity1 (92%) experienced grade 3-4 haematological @entity137 . The main non-haematological grade 3-4 @entity137 was @entity33 in 6/13 (46%) @entity1 . All but one @entity1 (92%) achieved a complete remission. Two-year overall survival was 72%. CONCLUSIONS: With optimal management of the specific @entity137 induced by this treatment modality, CCRT with the ESHAP regimen yielded high efficacy against localised ENKTL, nasal type.

title: Concurrent @entity2879 , @entity479 , High-dose @entity2592 and XXXX chemotherapy with radiation therapy in localised extranodal natural killer (NK)/ @entity784 , nasal type.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity784 :: ('MESH:D016399', 'Disease') :: ['T lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['mucositis']

entities_list: @entity2879 :: ('MESH:D005047', 'Chemical') :: ['Etoposide']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['Platinum']

answer: @entity902 :: (MESH:D010984,Chemical) :: ['Platinum']


abstract: The hinge residues ( @entity2596 29 and Ile36) of the switch I region (also known as the effector loop) of the Ha-ras- @entity3544 protein have been mutated to glycines to accelerate the conformational changes typical for the effector loop. In this work, we have studied the influence of the combined mutations on the steady-state structure of the switch I region of the protein in both the inactive @entity3006 -bound conformation as in the active @entity3007 -bound conformation. Here, we use the fluorescence properties of the single @entity2340 residue in the @entity53763 mutant of Ha-ras- @entity3544 . This mutant has already been used extensively as a reference form of the protein. Reducing the size of the side chains of the hinge residues not only accelerates the conformational changes but also affects the steady-state structures of the effector loop as indicated by the changes in the fluorescence properties. A thorough analysis of the fluorescence changes (quantum yield, lifetimes, etc.) proves that these changes are from a reshuffling between the rotamer populations of Trp. The population reshuffling is caused by the overall structural rearrangement along the switch I region. The effects are clearly more pronounced in the inactive @entity3006 -bound conformation than in the active @entity3007 -bound conformation. The effect of both mutations seems to be additive in the @entity3006 -bound state, but cooperative in the @entity3007 -bound state.

title: Conformational states of the switch I region of Ha-ras- XXXX in hinge residue mutants studied by fluorescence lifetime and fluorescence anisotropy measurements.

entities_list: @entity2340 :: ('CHEBI:27897', 'Chemical') :: ['tryptophan']

entities_list: @entity53763 :: ('p|SUB|Y|32|W', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['Y32W']

answer: @entity3544 :: (644914,Gene) :: ['p21']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Elimination of cardiotomy suction increases reliance on cell-saver blood-conservation techniques. Reinfusion of processed cell-saver blood (PCSB) even without using cardiotomy field suction may contribute to @entity556 , cytokines, platelet activators, and hemolytic factors measured systemically. DESIGN: This study was designed as a prospective, unblinded observational study of @entity1 undergoing first-time, nonemergent on-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery. SETTING: A university medical center. @entity1 : Fourteen @entity1 were enrolled after informed consent. INTERVENTIONS: Arterial blood was sampled (1) before cardiopulmonary bypass, (2) immediately after bypass, and (3) 4 hours after bypass. PCSB, using the AutoLog (Medtronic, Inc, Minneapolis, MN), was sampled after bypass. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Blood and PCSB levels of prothrombin fragments 1.2, @entity4938 , @entity650 , @entity687 , polymorphonuclear @entity11891 , @entity3508 , and @entity4483 were assayed by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Paired comparisons were performed by using paired t tests. Compared with postbypass blood, processed cell-saver blood (prepatient infusion) had higher levels of polymorphonuclear @entity11891 , @entity687 , @entity3508 , and @entity4483 (p <or= 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Reinfusion of PCSB directly and independently contributes to systemic elevations in @entity687 , @entity11891 , @entity3508 , and @entity4483 , augmenting and perhaps accentuating the postoperative inflammatory response. Further evaluation and improvement in cell-salvaging technology and processing techniques are warranted.

title: Differential expression in markers for XXXX , platelet activation, and inflammation in cell saver versus systemic blood in @entity1 undergoing on-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity11891 :: ('1991', 'Gene') :: ['polymorphonuclear elastase', 'leukocyte-elastase']

entities_list: @entity3508 :: ('2026', 'Gene') :: ['neuron-specific enolase']

entities_list: @entity4938 :: ('5473', 'Gene') :: ['beta-thromboglobulin']

answer: @entity556 :: (2147,Gene) :: ['thrombin']


abstract: In conscious @entity35 , we tested the hypothesis that @entity2918 attenuate regional vasoconstriction caused by acute infusion of @entity1808 . Mean arterial pressure, regional blood flow, and vascular conductance in response to 2-minute infusions of 0.05 or 1 microg/kg/min @entity10340 II were assessed before and during @entity3352 treatment (5 mg/kg). Effects of the lower dose of @entity10340 II (n=8) on regional blood flow were not altered by @entity3352 , but conductance in the kidney (2.98+/-0.35 vs. 2.19+/-0.32), stomach (1.15+/-0.13 vs. 0.83+/-0.13), and white gastrocnemius muscle (0.11+/-0.02 vs. 0.07+/-0.01 mL/min/100g/mm Hg) were reduced. Changes in conductance were not seen in the pancreas or spleen. In response to the higher dose of @entity10340 II (n=7), @entity3352 reduced blood flow in the kidney, red and white gastrocnemius, and soleus muscles. Reductions in conductance were found in the kidney, stomach and small intestine, and in the red and white gastrocnemius, and soleus muscles (2.27+/-0.9 vs. 1.79+/-0.14, 0.44+/-0.07 vs. 0.27+/-0.03, 0.68+/-0.11 vs. 0.60+/-0.07, 0.43+/-0.08 vs. 0.16+/-0.03, 0.10+/-0.02 vs. 0.05+/-0.01, and 0.26+/-0.03 vs. 0.15+/-0.02 mL/min/100g, respectively). No changes occurred in the pancreas and spleen. @entity3352 had no effect on baseline blood flow or conductance in any of these organs. These results suggest that @entity2918 attenuate vasoconstriction caused by @entity10340 II in a manner that is organ-specific and dependent on the dose of @entity10340 II. Consequently, @entity2918 may limit vasoconstriction and potential @entity63 caused by elevated levels of this hormone.

title: Endogenous @entity2918 limit @entity1808 induced regional vasoconstriction in conscious XXXX .

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity2918 :: ('MESH:D011453', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandins']

entities_list: @entity3352 :: ('MESH:D007213', 'Chemical') :: ['Indomethacin', 'indomethacin']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: OBJECT: Metastatic epidural @entity1745 (MESCC) is a relatively common and debilitating complication of @entity3 that often results in @entity51 . Recent studies have supported decompressive surgery over radiation therapy for @entity1 who present with MESCC. These studies, however, have grouped all @entity1 with different histological types of @entity3 into the same study population. The differential outcomes for @entity1 with different histological types of @entity3 therefore remain unknown. METHODS: An institutional database of @entity1 undergoing decompressive surgery for MESCC at an academic tertiary-care institution between 1996 and 2006 was retrospectively reviewed. @entity1 with primary lung, breast, prostate, kidney, or @entity1820 or @entity320 were identified. Fisher exact and log-rank analyses were used to compare pre-, peri-, and postoperative variables and survival for @entity1 with these different types of primary @entity5 . RESULTS: Twenty-seven @entity1 with primary @entity2 , 26 with @entity0 , 20 with @entity263 , 21 with @entity703 , 13 with @entity1820 , and 7 with @entity320 were identified and categorized. All of these @entity1 were followed up for a mean +/- SD of 10.8 +/- 3.8 months following surgery. @entity1 with @entity263 were typically older than @entity1 with other types of primary @entity5 . @entity1 with @entity263 had the shortest duration of symptoms and more commonly presented with @entity51 , while @entity1 with @entity0 more commonly had cervical spine involvement and compression @entity174 . For all histological types, > 90% of @entity1 retained the ability to ambulate following surgery. However, the group with the highest percentage of @entity1 who regained ambulatory function after decompressive surgery was the @entity2 group. @entity1 with @entity0 and those with @entity320 had the highest median duration of survival following decompressive surgery. CONCLUSIONS: The present study identifies differences in presenting symptoms, operative course, perioperative complications, long-term ambulatory outcomes, and duration of survival for @entity1 with lung, breast, prostate, kidney, and @entity1820 and @entity320 . This understanding may allow better risk stratification for @entity1 with MESCC.

title: Outcome following decompressive surgery for different histological types of @entity3 causing epidural XXXX . Clinical article.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['primary lung and prostate cancers', 'prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer', 'breast or kidney cancer']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deficits', 'motor deficits']

entities_list: @entity1745 :: ('MESH:D013117', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord compression']

entities_list: @entity1820 :: ('MESH:D005770', 'Disease') :: ['GI cancers', 'GI cancer', 'gastrointestinal (GI) cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic disease']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma']

entities_list: @entity703 :: ('MESH:D007680', 'Disease') :: ['kidney cancer']

answer: @entity1745 :: (MESH:D013117,Disease) :: ['spinal cord compression']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The flow-diverting stent is a new option in endovascular therapy specifically designed for the endovascular reconstruction of a segmentally diseased artery. The safety of flow-diverting stents is still equivocal. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the technical aspects, @entity1031 events, adjunctive therapies, and midterm results in @entity1 with @entity438 treated with a flow-diverting stent (Silk; Balt Extrusion, Montmorency, France). METHODS: We retrospectively examined angiographic images and clinical reports of 24 consecutive @entity1 (29 stents) treated (n = 23) or attempted to treat (n = 1) with a flow-diverting device in 2 Finnish centers between March 2009 and October 2010. RESULTS: The primary technical success rate was 67% (16/24). Adjunctive therapies were required in 6 (25%) @entity1 , including 4 cases where intra-arterial abciximab was administered for the treatment of intraprocedural @entity1031 events. Technique-related complication rate and the 30-day mortality rate were each 4% (1/24). Follow-up imaging revealed 1 case of delayed in-stent @entity715 resulting in permanent disability of the @entity1 , 1 asymptomatic occlusion, and 1 asymptomatic @entity850 of the stented artery. Complete occlusion of the @entity439 with fully patent parent artery was observed in 16 of the 23 @entity439 (70%) where follow-up images were available. CONCLUSION: Many previously untreatable @entity438 may be successfully treated with the Silk flow-diverting stent, but the associated risk of @entity1031 events is justifiable only if conventional endovascular or surgical treatment options are not applicable. Perioperative @entity1031 events should be prepared for and treated without unnecessary delays because they frequently respond to adjunctive medical therapy.

title: The silk flow-diverting stent in the endovascular treatment of XXXX : technical aspects and midterm results in 24 consecutive @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms', 'aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['thromboembolic']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral aneurysms', 'complex intracranial aneurysms']

answer: @entity438 :: (MESH:D002532,Disease) :: ['complex intracranial aneurysms']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The aim of this case-control study is to evaluate the cerebral hemodynamic parameters in primary @entity751 @entity1 by means of transcranial Doppler and the possible relationship with neuroimaging structural alteration, immunological markers and subclinical neurological involvement. 87 consecutive treatment-na  ve outpatients with primary @entity751 and 86 age- and sex-matched healthy controls underwent transcranial Doppler for bilateral measurement of mean flow velocities, pulsatility index and systolic-diastolic ratio, brain magnetic resonance imaging, clinical evaluation with neuropsychological test and serological assessment. 28 @entity1 and 4 controls (32 vs. 4  %, p .001) had executive function disorders at neuropsychological tests. Mean pulsatility index and systolic-diastolic ratio were significantly higher in both mean cerebral arteries of the @entity1 than in controls (1.3      0.6 vs. 0.9      0.6, p .01 and 3.4      1.7 vs. 1.6      0.7, p .001, respectively). @entity62 were present in 21 @entity1 and 18 controls. Only age was significantly associated with WMHs in both groups (p  <  .0001). The increase in systolic-diastolic ratio significantly correlates with @entity73 . Anti-SSA autoantibodies positively correlate with impaired systolic-diastolic ratio and with @entity146 . The correlation between haemodynamic changes and anti-SSA autoantibodies suggests a role for the autoimmune response in determining early cerebral @entity409 . The functional impairment of the endothelium may play a pivotal role in vasomotor dysfunction before any organic damage. The subsequent structural damage of the arterial wall may be responsible for the increase in resistances in small cerebral arteries and sustained hypoperfusion.

title: Intracranial hemodynamic changes in primary XXXX : a transcranial Doppler case-control study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['neuropsychiatric symptoms']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['neuropsychological impairment']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['hemodynamic dysfunctions']

entities_list: @entity751 :: ('MESH:D013577', 'Disease') :: ['Sj  gren syndrome']

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['White matter hyperintensities']

answer: @entity751 :: (MESH:D013577,Disease) :: ['Sj  gren syndrome']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: High @entity165 levels might contribute to the presence of @entity633 . The objective of our study was to evaluate the influence of lipid levels on the development of @entity2316 . Secondary objectives were to evaluate the effects of @entity101 , age, sex, years of @entity6 evolution, body mass index and smoking. @entity1 AND METHOD: 930 subjects were enrolled in an open observational prospective cohort study of subjects with @entity6 and high @entity165 levels (ESODIAH study) for 2 years. In our @entity8 study we selected 590 @entity1 who had @entity633 measurements done. In every 4-month interval visit we made a clinical evaluation and blood analysis including HbA1c, lipid profile and microalbuminuria. Statistical analysis included t-Student, chi2 test, and binary logistic regressions. RESULTS: 51.7% @entity1 , aged 62.08 years of age and with an evolution of their @entity6 of 8.49 years were studied. 40.6% had microalbuminuria and 59.4% had normoalbuminuria. High @entity4051 c correlated with the presence of @entity633 (odds ratio [OR] = 1.3; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.12-1.55; p = 0.001). The development of microalbuminuria was more frequent in younger (OR = 0.93; 95% CI, 0.89-0.98), smoker (OR = 3.19; 95% CI, 1.02-9.96), subjects with high systolic blood pressure (OR = 1.02; 95% CI, 1-1.05). Total @entity165 levels at the end of the study were higher in new microalbuminuric (group I) than normoalbuminuric @entity1 (group II) (group I: 211.08 [34.75] mg/dl vs group II: 200.67 [30.50]; p = 0.042). CONCLUSIONS: @entity286 , blood pressure and @entity6 control influences the presence and development of microalbuminuria. More studies are required to study the influence of @entity1007 .

title: [Factors influencing XXXX : ESODIAH study].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS', 'men']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['nephropathy']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes control, high blood pressure']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes', 'type 2 diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity1007 :: ('MESH:D006937', 'Disease') :: ['hypercholesterolemia']

entities_list: @entity2316 :: ('MESH:D003928', 'Disease') :: ['incipient diabetic nephropathy']

entities_list: @entity633 :: ('MESH:D000419', 'Disease') :: ['albuminuria']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity2316 :: (MESH:D003928,Disease) :: ['incipient diabetic nephropathy']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity1069 /chronic @entity2371 ( @entity2723 /CPPS) is a prevalent @entity5450 among @entity1 , but its etiology is still poorly understood. Our objective was to examine the relation between physical activity and incidence of @entity2723 /CPPS in a large cohort of male health professionals. METHODS: We conducted a prospective cohort study among @entity1 in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study followed from 1986 to 2008. The study population included 20,918 @entity1 who completed all @entity2723 /CPPS questions on the 2008 questionnaire. Leisure-time physical activity, including type and intensity of activity, was measured by questionnaire in 1986. A National Institute of Health @entity1069 Symptom Index @entity158 score was calculated on the basis of the responses on the 2008 questionnaire. @entity1 with @entity158 scores >= 8 were considered @entity2723 /CPPS cases (n = 689). RESULTS: Higher leisure-time physical activity was associated with lower risk of @entity2723 /CPPS. The multivariable-adjusted odds ratio comparing >35.0 to  <=3.5 MET  h  wk of physical activity was 0.72 (95% confidence interval, 0.56-0.92; P for trend <0.001). Observed inverse associations between physical activity and @entity2723 /CPPS were similar for both moderate- and vigorous-intensity activities. Sedentary behavior, measured as time spent watching television, was not associated with risk of @entity2723 /CPPS (P for trend = 0.64). CONCLUSIONS: Findings from this study, the first large scale and most comprehensive study to date on this association, suggest that higher levels of leisure-time physical activity may lower risk of @entity2723 /CPPS in middle-age and older @entity1 .

title: Physical activity and chronic @entity1069 /chronic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Participants', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1069 :: ('MESH:D053448', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic prostatitis', 'Chronic Prostatitis']

entities_list: @entity5450 :: ('MESH:D014570', 'Disease') :: ['urologic disorder']

entities_list: @entity2371 :: ('MESH:D017699', 'Disease') :: ['pelvic pain syndrome']

answer: @entity2371 :: (MESH:D017699,Disease) :: ['pelvic pain syndrome']


abstract: The spontaneous variability of heart rate and arterial blood pressure was investigated in @entity4486 -anesthetized @entity235 with the left iliac vascular bed mechanically uncoupled from the central circulation. Electrocardiogram, mean arterial pressure (ABP), iliac perfusion and venous pressures, and flow (FLOW) were recorded for 5 min in steady state. Autoregressive spectral and cross-spectral analyses and digital filtering were performed. The variation coefficient (VC%), calculated from the overall variance of each signal, was 5-7%, with the exception of perfusion pressure (VC% = 1%). The frequency-related percentage of total variance was distributed among three frequency bands: two were < 0.20 Hz [lower (F1) and higher (F2; low-frequency range = F1 + F2)], and one was > 0.20 Hz (respiratory, F3). F3 was not always present in RR, which, however, oscillated also in F1 and F2, although with limited amplitude; ABP showed large respiratory and @entity4365 ; the FLOW oscillations were in the low-frequency range. Cross-spectral analysis showed high squared coherence in the relevant frequency bands between variables in the three couples: RR-ABP, RR-FLOW, and ABP-FLOW. Changes in RR preceded changes in ABP and in FLOW by > or = 3 s, whereas FLOW was approximately in phase opposition to ABP. It was concluded that, in the @entity4486 -anesthetized @entity235 , 1) arterial pressure and heart rate oscillate with frequencies corresponding to those described in conscious @entity1 , 2) @entity551 are due to changes in peripheral vascular resistance, and 3) peripheral vascular resistance does not display @entity1576 . Furthermore it was suggested that oscillations of vasomotor tone are generated by a rhythm of central origin and that F1 and F2 oscillations may recognize a common mechanism.

title: Vascular resistance and arterial pressure @entity4365 in the anesthetized XXXX .

entities_list: @entity4486 :: ('MESH:D002698', 'Chemical') :: ['chloralose']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory oscillations']

entities_list: @entity4365 :: ('MESH:C565121', 'Disease') :: ['low-frequency oscillations']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['low-frequency arterial pressure oscillations']

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['dog']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity995 can extend beyond the structures of the eye, where cells can enter the bloodstream and cause @entity3 . Various types of protocols for adjuvant treatment risk-adapted according to histopathological risk factors are used worldwide. METHODS: Between 1997 and 2009, 420 @entity1 were diagnosed with @entity995 at the German @entity995 Referral Centre and risk factors were assessed. @entity1 with post-laminar optic nerve infiltration or choroid or minor scleral invasion received six courses of adjuvant chemotherapy using vincristine, etoposide, carboplatin and cyclophosphamide (group 1). @entity1 with microscopic extension beyond the sclera to the resection margin of the optic nerve or potential spread due to vitrectomy received chemotherapy plus orbital radiotherapy (group 2). Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was performed in @entity1 with local extraocular invasion detected on MRI. RESULTS: Following this protocol, 42 of the 420 @entity1 and 21 referred from other centres showed high-risk histopathological factors qualifying for adjuvant therapy (57 in group 1 and 6 in group 2). Seven of the 63 @entity1 received neoadjuvant and adjuvant treatment. During a mean follow-up of 5.8 (range 0.4-15.4) years, one of six @entity1 in group 2 developed @entity3 and died. No @entity1 died from @entity137 . The 5-year overall survival was 100% for group 1 and 80% for group 2. CONCLUSIONS: This retrospective single-site study reveals a 10% incidence of high-risk features in @entity1 with @entity995 diagnosed at the German @entity995 Referral Centre. Overall survival rates of 98.3% underline the safety of this adjuvant chemotherapy protocol and its efficiency in preventing @entity3 .

title: Neoadjuvant/adjuvant treatment of high-risk @entity995 : a report from the German XXXX Referral Centre.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'metastases']

entities_list: @entity995 :: ('MESH:D012175', 'Disease') :: ['Retinoblastoma', 'retinoblastoma']

answer: @entity995 :: (MESH:D012175,Disease) :: ['Retinoblastoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Narrow band imaging (NBI) videobronchoscopy is a new technique aimed at @entity2 detection. This study investigated its sensitivity and specificity for evaluation of @entity2 extension and its possible influence on therapeutic decision, compared with white light videobronchoscopy. METHODS: In this prospective study, we evaluated 106 @entity1 with suspected @entity2 . All @entity1 were examined using EVIS LUCERA videoendoscopy system. In every @entity1 , at least three biopsies were taken from places visualized as pathologic, surrounding @entity5 , and three biopsies from places that appeared normal. The overall number of biopsies performed in 106 @entity1 was 636. RESULTS: The specificity and sensitivity of NBI in revealing greater @entity2 extension were 85.6% and 95%, respectively; positive and negative predictive values were 84% and 95.6%, respectively. Specificity and sensitivity were significantly better when compared with white light bronchoscopy alone (P < 0.01). NBI led to the change in therapeutic decision in 14 @entity1 . There was statistically significant correlation between NBI assessment of @entity5 extension and change in therapeutic decision (P < 0.000). CONCLUSIONS: NBI showed significantly better specificity and sensitivity in the assessment of @entity2 extension. NBI proved that it might have potential influence on therapeutic decision, making it more accurate. The procedure is safe and easily deployed in everyday practice.

title: Narrow band imaging videobronchoscopy improves assessment of XXXX extension and influences therapeutic strategy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'primary tumor']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['lung cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) system is crucial for blood vessel stability. In the present study, we evaluated whether PDGFs play a critical intraovarian survival role in gonadotropin-dependent folliculogenesis. We examined the effect of intrabursal administration of a selective platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) inhibitor ( @entity53346 ) on follicular development, proliferation, apoptosis and blood vessel formation and stability in ovaries from @entity35 treated with @entity1641 chorionic gonadotropin (eCG). The percentages of preantral follicles (PAFs) and early antral follicles (EAFs) were lower in @entity53346 -treated ovaries than in control ovaries (p   <   0.01-0.05). The percentage of atretic follicles (AtrFs) increased in @entity53346 -treated ovaries compared to control (p   <   0.05). The ovarian weight and @entity53 concentrations were lower in @entity53346 -treated ovaries than in the control group (p   <   0.01 and p   <   0.05, respectively), whereas @entity1420 concentrations did not change. @entity53346 decreased the proliferation index in EAFs (p   <   0.05) and increased the percentage of nuclei positive for cleaved caspase-3 and apoptotic DNA fragmentation (p   <   0.01-0.05). @entity53346 increased the expression of @entity2310 (p   <   0.05) without changes in the expression of @entity1976 protein. @entity53346 -treated ovaries increased the cleavage of @entity12276 (p   <   0.05) and decreased @entity2308 and BAD phosphorylation compared with control ovaries (p   <   0.05). @entity53346 caused a decrease not only in the endothelial cell area but also in the area of pericytes and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in the ovary (p   <   0.05). Our findings suggest that the local inhibition of PDGFs causes an increase in ovarian apoptosis through an imbalance in the ratio of antiapoptotic to proapoptotic proteins, thus leading a larger number of follicles to @entity1146 . PDGFs could exert their mechanism of action through an autocrine/paracrine effect on granulosa and theca cells mediated by PDGFRs. In conclusion, these data clearly indicate that the PDGF system is necessary for follicular development induced by gonadotropins.

title: Inhibition of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor affects follicular development and ovarian proliferation, apoptosis and angiogenesis in prepubertal eCG-treated XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['estradiol']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: The aim of the study is the analysis of own results of @entity583 treatment using percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in the setting of twenty-four hour long hemodynamic service. Between 01.12.1998 and 31.12.2001 249 @entity1 with diagnosis of @entity583 were admitted to our Department. Their mean age was 58 years, @entity1 -73.5%, median of @entity158 duration was 4 hours, @entity6 occurred in 11.6%, @entity101 in 37.3%, @entity2299 occurred in 14%, smokers constituted 59% of @entity1 . 60.2% of @entity1 were in Killip class I, 18.5% in class II, 8.0% in class III and 13.3% in class IV. Anterior and/or @entity583 was diagnosed in 105 @entity1 , inferior and/or posterior in 144 @entity1 . Angiography was performed in 225 @entity1 , PCI was performed in 178. TIMI 3 flow was achieved in 76% of @entity1 with shock and 90% of @entity1 without shock. Multivessel coronary artery disease was present in 71% of @entity1 . 30-day mortality in @entity1 treated with PCI was 11.8%, after exclusion of III and IV Killip class @entity1 mortality was 4.3%. 30-day mortality in group of @entity1 with @entity1455 was 38.0%. Relative risk of @entity204 in @entity1 in III and IV Killip class was higher for these treated conservatively: IV class -1.51 (p = 0.075), III and IV class (common group) -1.38 (p = 0.064). In the year of 2001 30-day mortality among the @entity1 in I and II Killip class treated with PCI was 2.43%. CONCLUSIONS: 1. Primary percutaneous coronary intervention in the treatment of @entity583 improves prognosis in group of @entity1 with @entity1455 in 30-day observation. 2. 11.8% mortality observed in our PCI treated group is associated in our opinion with occurrence of multivessel coronary disease in 71% of @entity1 .

title: [Interventional treatment of XXXX . Own experience].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity2299 :: ('MESH:D050171', 'Disease') :: ['dyslipidemia']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'lateral myocardial infarction', 'acute myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity1455 :: ('MESH:D012770', 'Disease') :: ['cardiogenic shock']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarction']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The relationship of QRS morphology with cardiac structure and function in @entity1 with @entity712 is uncertain. METHODS: @entity1 with a clinical diagnosis of @entity712 and objective evidence of @entity299 [either a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) <50  % or an @entity1472 -terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) >= 400  pg/ml] who had been investigated by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) were identified. QRS duration >= 120  ms was grouped morphologically as left (LBBB), @entity714 ( @entity714 ) or indeterminate. RESULTS: Of 877 @entity1 , 320 (36  %) had QRS  >=   120  ms. Compared to @entity1 with LBBB, those with @entity714 had a lower median [inter-quartile range (IQR)] right ventricular (RV) ejection fraction [ @entity714 : 46 (37-57); LBBB: 52 (42-61)  %; p  =  0.014], greater median (IQR) RV mass [ @entity714 : 53 (42-73); LBBB: 45 (36-56)  g; p  <  0.001], higher median (IQR) plasma NT-proBNP [ @entity714 : 2013 (659-3573); LBBB: 1159 (589-2207) pg/ml, p  =  0.026], more signs of @entity1897 and higher prevalence of @entity955 but had similar LVEF. During a median follow-up of 1302  days (IQR: 742-2237), 311 @entity1 died. Compared with @entity1 who had QRS  <  120  ms, those with @entity714 [HR 1.98, 95  % CI (1.37-2.86); p  <  0.001] had a higher mortality. Age and NT-proBNP were the strongest independent predictors of mortality; neither QRS nor CMRI variables improved prediction. CONCLUSIONS: In @entity1 with @entity712 and QRS  >=   120  ms, @entity714 is associated with more severe @entity67 and congestion and a worse prognosis. However, neither QRS morphology nor CMRI data provide independent prognostic information in a multivariable analysis including NT-proBNP.

title: The relationship of QRS morphology with cardiac structure and function in XXXX with @entity712 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity714 :: ('MESH:D002037', 'Disease') :: ['RBBB', 'right bundle branch block']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral congestion']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['RV dysfunction']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Endocannabinoids modulate a diverse array of functions including progenitor cell proliferation in the central nervous system, and odorant detection and food intake in the @entity1 central olfactory system and larval @entity1238 peripheral olfactory system. However, the presence and role of endocannabinoids in the peripheral olfactory epithelium have not been examined in mammals. We found the presence of cannabinoid type 1 ( @entity14650 ) and cannabinoid type 2 ( @entity14651 ) receptor protein and mRNA in the olfactory epithelium. Using either immunohistochemistry or @entity460 imaging we localized @entity14650 receptors on neurons, glia-like sustentacular cells, microvillous cells and progenitor-like basal cells. To examine the role of endocannabinoids, @entity14650 - and @entity14651 - receptor-deficient ( @entity14650 (-/-)/ @entity14651 (-/-)) @entity19 were used. The endocannabinoid @entity9394 ( @entity14512 ) was present at high levels in both C57BL/6 wildtype and @entity14650 (-/-)/ @entity14651 (-/-) @entity19 . @entity14512 synthetic and degradative enzymes are expressed in wildtype @entity19 . A small but significant decrease in basal cell and olfactory sensory neuron numbers was observed in @entity14650 (-/-)/ @entity14651 (-/-) @entity19 compared to wildtype @entity19 . The decrease in olfactory sensory neurons did not translate to impairment in olfactory-mediated behaviors assessed by the buried food test and habituation/dishabituation test. Collectively, these data indicate the presence of an endocannabinoid system in the @entity19 olfactory epithelium. However, unlike in tadpoles, endocannabinoids do not modulate olfaction. Further investigation on the role of endocannabinoids in progenitor cell function in the olfactory epithelium is warranted.

title: An endocannabinoid system is present in the XXXX olfactory epithelium but does not modulate olfaction.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian']

entities_list: @entity1238 :: ('8355', 'Species') :: ['Xenopus laevis']

entities_list: @entity9394 :: ('MESH:C094503', 'Chemical') :: ['2-arachidonylglycerol']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to define the types of @entity85 present in senior international rowers. According to the literature, no such study has been performed in this group. METHODS: Injury data were obtained from a total of 634 rowers (33  % female, 67  % male) who completed a 12-month retrospective questionnaire on injury incidence while participating in the Senior World Rowing Championships in Munich, Germany, in 2007. RESULTS: The mean injury rate per one  year was 0.92 @entity130 per rower (1.75 @entity130 per 1,000 training sessions per rower). The vast majority of self- @entity130 were @entity8638 (acute vs chronic ratio was 1:2.63), and the majority of @entity130 did not result in loss of time from training or competition. Of all acute @entity130 , 58.1  % were sustained during rowing-specific training, with 20.6  % @entity130 sustained in the gym and 21.3  % during cross-training. The most common site of injury was the low back followed by the knee and the chest/thoracic spine. Senior open @entity353 who sustained @entity8638 achieved significantly better final ranking at the 2007 Senior World Rowing Championships compared to the same group of rowers who did not sustain any injury. CONCLUSION: Senior international rowers participating in World Rowing Championships sustained predominantly chronic (overuse) @entity130 during the rowing season studied. Those were mainly low severity @entity130 , with the low back being the most frequently injured site. This study may will help in prevention and early diagnosis of @entity130 in top-level rowers.

title: Acute and XXXX among senior international rowers: a cross-sectional study.

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['musculoskeletal injuries']

entities_list: @entity8638 :: ('MESH:D020208', 'Disease') :: ['chronic injuries']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight rowers']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['reported injuries', 'injuries', 'eventual injuries']

answer: @entity8638 :: (MESH:D020208,Disease) :: ['chronic injuries']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Intratympanic @entity801 is an accepted mode of treatment for @entity1 with @entity9303 who suffer from recurrent vertigo attacks in spite of conservative medical treatment. Recently, it gained popularity as the primary treatment for intractable @entity9303 , prior to surgical procedures. However, administration methods and treatment protocols still differ from one medical center to another. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to present outcomes of @entity801 treatment for vertigo attacks and functional capacity, based on our experience with 23 @entity1 over 3 years and review the literature on the subject. METHODS: Three specially prepared @entity801 injections, were administered once a month, according to the state of vertigo attacks, functional capacity, and hearing status. Clinical observation, frequent hearing examinations and caloric tests were used for follow-up. RESULTS: Following treatment, 20 (87%) @entity1 no longer experienced vertigo attacks, while 16 of them (69.6%) reported full functional recovery. Two @entity1 (8.7%) did not respond to treatment, and therefore, underwent surgical procedures. One @entity1 (4.4%) did not complete therapy. Post treatment caloric tests showed significant deterioration (P < 0.02). Severe @entity425 (51-100%) was found in the treated ear in 11 of the 14 @entity1 with unilateral disease (78.6%). The mean change in hearing examination was non-significant. However, two of the 21 @entity1 suffered a change from moderate to severe @entity393 to @entity2319 (9.5%). There was no case of post treatment infection or permanent tympanic perforation. CONCLUSIONS: Intratympanic @entity801 injection is a simple and safe procedure for intractable Meniere's @entity1 , with a high success rate and low risk for @entity393 . It is recommended for @entity1 with continuous functional disability prior to surgical treatment.

title: [Intratympanic XXXX treatment for intractable Meni  re's disease].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity801 :: ('MESH:D005839', 'Chemical') :: ['gentamicin']

entities_list: @entity9303 :: ('MESH:D008575', 'Disease') :: ["Meniere's disease"]

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['vestibular weakness']

entities_list: @entity2319 :: ('MESH:D003638', 'Disease') :: ['complete deafness']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing loss', 'hearing deterioration']

answer: @entity801 :: (MESH:D005839,Chemical) :: ['gentamicin']


abstract: Study Design   Case report. Objective   This case exemplifies the importance of a high index of suspicion when dealing with intractable @entity158 and @entity16 in @entity1 with a history of @entity5 . @entity6887 is relatively uncommon, accounting for less than 0.2% of all female @entity5 . Because of a low index of suspicion, it is often detected at an advanced stage. From an orthopedic perspective, osseous @entity3 from primary @entity5274 is rare with only a few documented cases in the medical literature. Methods   This case report documents a 68-year-old @entity1 who developed @entity615 and @entity425 after undergoing surgical resection with adjuvant therapy of a primary @entity6887 . Her hospital course and follow-up are documented. Results   Imaging revealed a compression @entity174 in the L1 vertebral body that when a biopsy confirmed a soft tissue diagnosis of a high-grade serous @entity4937 of @entity5274 origin. The @entity1 underwent a surgical decompression, posterior stabilization, and @entity5 debulking with postoperative resolution of her symptoms. Conclusions   This is the first reported case of a spine @entity3 from a @entity6887 in a living @entity1 . This case documents the diagnosis of a pathologic @entity174 due to @entity3 of an atypical @entity5 .

title: Spinal Metastases from a Primary XXXX : A Case Report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['vertebral fracture', 'fracture']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurologic symptoms']

entities_list: @entity4937 :: ('MESH:D000231', 'Disease') :: ['papillary adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity6887 :: ('MESH:D005185', 'Disease') :: ['fallopian tube adenocarcinoma', 'fallopian tube serous carcinoma', 'Fallopian tube cancer']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['leg weakness']

entities_list: @entity5274 :: ('MESH:D005184', 'Disease') :: ['fallopian tube malignancies', 'fallopian tube']

entities_list: @entity615 :: ('MESH:D001416', 'Disease') :: ['back pain']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity6887 :: (MESH:D005185,Disease) :: ['Fallopian Tube Serous Adenocarcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Exercise induced @entity299 has recently been observed after prolonged exercise. A moderate to high altitude has been suggested as a possible stimulus in the genesis of such @entity299 . OBJECTIVE: To investigate if exercise induced @entity299 occurs after prolonged exercise in a @entity519 environment. METHODS: Eight trained male triathletes volunteered for the study. Each completed two 50 mile cycle trials, randomly assigned from normobaric normoxia and normobaric @entity519 (15% FIO(2)). Echocardiographic assessment and whole blood collection was completed before, immediately after, and 24 hours after exercise. @entity1002 and diastolic functional variables were calculated, and serum was analysed for cardiac troponin T. Results were analysed using a two way repeated measures analysis of variance, with alpha set at 0.05. RESULTS: No significant differences were observed in either systolic or diastolic function across time or between trials. Cardiac troponin T was detected in one subject immediately after exercise in the normobaric @entity519 trial. CONCLUSIONS: A 50 mile cycle trial in either normobaric normoxia or normobaric @entity519 does not induce exercise induced @entity299 . Some @entity1 , however, may exhibit minimal @entity299 after exercise in normobaric @entity519 . The clinical significance of this is yet to be elucidated.

title: Effect of prolonged exercise in a XXXX environment on cardiac function and cardiac troponin T.

entities_list: @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxic', 'hypoxia']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['Left ventricular systolic']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac fatigue and or cardiac damage', 'cardiac fatigue', 'cardiac damage']

answer: @entity519 :: (MESH:D000860,Disease) :: ['hypoxic']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: With the growing number of @entity5 survivors, there is increasing need for information that links potential late and long term effects with specific treatment regimens. Few @entity5 @entity1 are treated on clinical trials; however, @entity1 previously enrolled in these trials are an important source of information about treatment-related late effects. METHODS: Focusing on @entity14 survivors, we used the database from five phase III randomized clinical trials from the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast _ Bowel Project (NSABP) to recruit and enroll long term survivors in a study of late health outcomes and quality of life. We describe the challenges to recruitment of @entity1 more than 5 -20 years after treatment. RESULTS: Sixty-five NSABP treatment sites were invited to enroll @entity1 in the study. Sixty participated with the potential to recruit 2,408 @entity1 . We received registration forms on only 976 @entity1 (41%) of whom 744 (76%) expressed interest in participating and 708 completed interviews (95% of those expressing interest; 29% of total potential sample). There were multiple barriers to recruitment (difficulty locating @entity1 , lack of institutional commitment, lack of @entity1 interest). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 treated on clinical trials are an important potential source for examining the late effects of @entity5 treatments. Retrospective recruitment has substantial limitations. In the future, mechanisms should be established for prospective long-term follow-up to identify and understand the frequency and type of late effects associated with @entity5 treatments. IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS: As @entity5 @entity1 are living longer, it will be important to learn from @entity1 in clinical trials whether or not specific treatment regimens are associated with any serious late effects.

title: XXXX survivorship research: the challenge of recruiting adult long term @entity5 survivors from a cooperative clinical trials group.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['adult cancer', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the criteria for remission based on Disease Activity Score 28 (DAS28) and DAS28-3 (excluding @entity1 ' evaluation of disease activity) compared to American College of Rheumatology (ACR) preliminary criteria in established @entity309 ( @entity309 ), and to examine the value of each ACR criterion individually. METHODS: The EMECAR study was designed to assess the burden of comorbidity and inflammatory activity for @entity309 in Spain. A random sample of 788 @entity1 with @entity309 from 34 Spanish centers was selected. Remission was defined by preliminary ACR criteria applied specifically and the clinical activity assessed by the DAS28 and the DAS28-3. A receiver operating characteristics curve analysis was performed to identify cutoff values with the highest usefulness in defining remission on both DAS indices. RESULTS: Thirty-two @entity1 (4.1%) were in ACR-defined remission, 62 (7.9%) if @entity1295 was excluded from the criteria. The frequency of any single criterion that @entity1 in remission fulfilled: no @entity1295 and joint @entity158 by anamnesis in 31 @entity1 (96.9%); morning stiffness < 15 min in 26 (81.3%); no swelling in joints in 21 (65.6%); normal erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) in 29 (90.6%); and no joint tenderness in 21 (65.6%) @entity1 . The positive predictive value for remission of each criterion: normal ESR 6.5%; morning stiffness < 15 min 8.4%; no @entity1295 8.7%; no joint tenderness 13%; no @entity4 .8%; and no joint @entity158 by anamnesis 27.7%. The DAS28 cutoff values with higher discriminatory power for remission were 3.14 (sensitivity 87%; specificity 67%) when all the ACR criteria were used, and 2.81 (sensitivity 84%; specificity 81%) when @entity1295 was omitted. The equivalent cutoffs for the DAS28-3 were 3.52 (sensitivity 84%; specificity 66%) and 2.95 (sensitivity 82%; specificity 83%), respectively. CONCLUSION: DAS28 and DAS28-3 are good tools to define remission in established @entity309 . No joint @entity158 by anamnesis is the criterion with the highest value in defining remission, while normal ESR, an absence of morning stiffness, and @entity1295 are the least effective.

title: Value of Disease Activity Score 28 (DAS28) and DAS28-3 compared to American College of Rheumatology-defined remission in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['swelling in joints 15']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA']

answer: @entity309 :: (MESH:D001172,Disease) :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical effect of edgewise appliance in the fixation of dislocated permanent @entity1347 caused by @entity130 . METHODS: 69 traumatically avulsed teeth without @entity174 in 37 @entity1 were treated by fixing the teeth with Edgewise appliance. There were three kinds of dislocated permanent @entity1347 : half dislocated teeth, complete dislocated teeth and embedding avulsed teeth. The half dislocated teeth were gently reset instead of violence and fixed for 2-4 weeks or so. The complete dislocated teeth were replanted after the traumatic teeth and alveolus dens were appropriately treated and fixed for 4-6 weeks or so, the last kind of teeth with @entity5251 could be gently drew, reset and fixed with Edgewise appliance in which traction curve was added to. The embedding or traumatic avulsed teeth were appropriately fixed for 6-8 weeks. RESULTS: @entity1 were followed up for 3 years. Among the 69 traumatic teeth treated with Edgewise appliance, the treatment result was excellent in 32 teeth, fair in 35 teeth, failed in 2 teeth. The overall effective rate was 97.10%. CONCLUSIONS: Edgewise appliance is safe, effective, and feasible for @entity1 with traumatically dislocated permanent @entity1347 .

title: [Application of Edgewise appliance for fixation of dislocated permanent XXXX caused by @entity130 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity1347 :: ('MESH:C537775', 'Disease') :: ['anterior teeth']

entities_list: @entity5251 :: ('MESH:D010509', 'Disease') :: ['definitive dental root']

answer: @entity1347 :: (MESH:C537775,Disease) :: ['anterior teeth']


abstract: Differential diagnosis of brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) enhancement(s) remains a significant problem, which may be difficult to resolve without biopsy, which can be often dangerous or even impossible. Such MRI enhancement(s) can result from metastasis of @entity5 such as lung or breast, radiation @entity39 , @entity281 , or a new primary @entity1313 ( @entity11 , @entity1653 ). @entity16 are often the same on initial presentation. To develop a more precise noninvasive MRI diagnostic method, we have engineered a new class of poly(b-l-malic acid) polymeric nanoimaging agents (NIAs). The NIAs carrying attached MRI tracer are able to pass through the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and specifically @entity5 cells for efficient imaging. A qualitative/quantitative "MRI virtual biopsy" method is based on a nanoconjugate carrying MRI contrast agent gadolinium-DOTA and antibodies recognizing @entity5 -specific markers and extravasating through the BBB. In newly developed double @entity5 xenogeneic @entity19 models of brain metastasis this noninvasive method allowed differential diagnosis of @entity7171 - and @entity12841 -expressing @entity1313 . After MRI diagnosis, @entity0 brain @entity3 were successfully treated with similar @entity5 -targeted nanoconjugates carrying molecular inhibitors of @entity12841 or @entity7171 instead of imaging contrast agent. The treatment resulted in a significant increase in animal survival and markedly reduced immunostaining for several @entity5 stem cell markers. Novel NIAs could be useful for brain diagnostic MRI in the clinic without currently performed brain biopsies. This technology shows promise for differential MRI diagnosis and treatment of brain @entity3 and other pathologies when biopsies are difficult to perform.

title: MRI virtual biopsy and treatment of XXXX with targeted nanobioconjugates: nanoclinic in the brain.

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast and lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['brain tumor', 'brain tumors']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'primary tumors', 'cancer', 'target cancer']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['Neurological symptoms']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity1653 :: ('MESH:D008579', 'Disease') :: ['meningioma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['brain metastatic tumors']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1643 (LBP) and @entity4048 ( @entity4048 ) are highly prevalent conditions resulting in high economic costs. Treatment guidelines recommend relaxation techniques, such as progressive @entity121 , as adjuvant therapies. Self-care interventions could have the potential to reduce costs in the health care system, but their effectiveness, especially in a usual care setting, is unclear. The aim of these two pragmatic randomized studies is to evaluate whether an additional app-delivered relaxation is more effective in the reduction of chronic LBP or @entity4048 than usual care alone. METHODS/DESIGN: Each pragmatic randomized two-armed study aims to include a total of 220 @entity1 aged 18 to 65  years with chronic (>12  weeks) LBP or @entity4048 and an average @entity158 intensity of   >=    4 on a numeric rating scale (NRS) in the 7  days before recruitment. The @entity1 will be randomized into an intervention and a usual care group. The intervention group will be instructed to practice one of these 3 relaxation techniques on at least 5  days/week for 15  minutes/day over a period of 6  months starting on the day of randomization: autogenic training, mindfulness meditation, or guided imagery. Instructions and exercises will be provided using a smartphone app, baseline information will be collected using paper and pencil. Follow-up information (daily, weekly, and after 3 and 6  months) will be collected using electronic diaries and questionnaires included in the app.The primary outcome measure will be the mean LBP or @entity4048 intensity during the first 3  months of intervention based on daily @entity158 intensity measurements on a NRS (0   =   no @entity158 , 10   =   worst possible @entity158 ). The secondary outcome parameters will include the mean @entity158 intensity during the first 6  months after randomization based on daily measurements, the mean @entity158 intensity measured weekly as the average @entity158 intensity of the previous 7  days over 3 and 6  months, @entity158 acceptance, 'LBP- and @entity4048 -related' stress, sick leave days, @entity158 medication intake, adherence, suspected adverse reaction, and serious adverse events. DISCUSSION: The designed studies reflect a usual self-care setting and will provide evidence on a pragmatic self-care intervention that is easy to combine with care provided by medical professionals. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier Relaxback NCT02019498, Relaxneck NCT02019134 registered on 18 December 2013.

title: Effectiveness of app-based relaxation for @entity1 with XXXX (Relaxback) and chronic @entity4048 (Relaxneck): study protocol for two randomized pragmatic trials.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1643 :: ('MESH:D017116', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic low back pain']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['muscle relaxation']

answer: @entity1643 :: (MESH:D017116,Disease) :: ['chronic low back pain']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We explored the effectiveness of mirror therapy (MT) in the treatment of unilateral neglect in @entity64 @entity1 . METHODS: This is an open, blinded endpoint, randomized controlled trial carried out from January 2011 to August 2013. We included @entity64 @entity1 with thalamic and parietal lobe lesions with unilateral neglect 48 hours after @entity64 . @entity1 were randomized to the MT group or the control group (sham MT), and both the groups received limb activation. @entity1 received treatment for 1-2 hours a day 5 days a week for 4 weeks. The primary outcome was unilateral neglect assessed by a blinded assessor using the star cancellation test, the line bisection test, and a picture identification task at 1, 3, and 6 months. This study was registered at http://clinicaltrials.gov (NCT 01735877). RESULTS: Forty-eight @entity1 were randomized to MT (n = 27) or the control group (n = 21). Improvement in scores on the star cancellation test over 6 months was greater in the MT group (mean difference 23, 95% confidence interval [CI] 19-28; p < 0.0001). Similarly, improvement in the MT group was observed in the scores on the picture identification task (mean difference 3.2, 95% CI 2.4-4.0; p < 0.0001) and line bisection test (mean difference 8.6, 95% CI 2.7-14.6; p = 0.006). CONCLUSIONS: In @entity1 with @entity64 , MT is a simple treatment that improves unilateral neglect. CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE: This study provides Class I evidence that for @entity1 with neglect from thalamic and parietal @entity64 , MT improves neglect.

title: Mirror therapy in unilateral neglect after XXXX (MUST trial): a randomized controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['lobe strokes', 'stroke']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['stroke']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Anti-leukotrienes agents are currently being studied as alternative first line agents to inhaled @entity288 in mild to moderate @entity102 . OBJECTIVES: To compare the safety and efficacy of anti-leukotriene agents with @entity16140 ( @entity16140 ) and to determine the dose-equivalence of anti-leukotrienes to daily dose of @entity16140 . SEARCH STRATEGY: Medline (1966 to Jan 2002), Embase (1980 to Jan 2002), and Cinahl (1982 to Jan 2002) were searched and reference lists of review articles and trials. We contacted colleagues and international headquarters of anti-leukotrienes producers. SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomised controlled trials that compared leukotriene antagonists with inhaled corticosteroids during a minimal 30-day intervention period in @entity748 @entity1 aged 2 years and older. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two reviewers performed assessments of methodological quality and data extraction independently and blindly. The primary outcome was the rate of exacerbations requiring systemic corticosteroids. Secondary outcomes included lung function, indices of @entity102 control, adverse effects and withdrawal rates. MAIN RESULTS: 14 trials met the inclusion criteria; 10 were of high methodological quality; 8 are published in full-text. All were in mild-to-moderate @entity102 , Two included @entity1 or adolescents. Trial duration was 4 - 37 weeks. In most trials, daily dose of @entity16140 was 400 mcg of @entity2715 -equivalent. @entity1 treated with anti-leukotrienes were 60% more likely to suffer an exacerbation requiring systemic @entity230 [12 trials; Relative Risk 1.61; 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 1.15, 2.25]. Significant differences favouring @entity16140 were noted in most secondary outcomes, eg improvement in FEV1 [7 trials; Weighted Mean Difference 120 ml; 95% CI: 80, 170 ml ]; symptom scores [5 trials: Standardized Mean Difference 0.3; 95% CI 0.2, 0.4]. Other significant benefits of @entity16140 were seen for nocturnal awakenings, rescue medication use, and quality of life. Risk of side effects was not different between groups, but anti-leukotriene therapy was associated with 30% increased risk of "withdrawals for any cause" or "withdrawals due to poor @entity565 control". REVIEWER'S CONCLUSIONS: For most @entity565 outcomes, @entity16140 at 400 mcg/day of @entity2715 -equivalent are more effective than anti-leukotriene agents given in the usual licensed doses. The exact dose-equivalence of anti-leukotriene agents in mcg of @entity16140 remains to be determined.

title: Anti-leukotriene agents compared to inhaled corticosteroids in the management of recurrent and/or @entity102 in adults and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity748 :: ('MESH:D013224', 'Disease') :: ['asthmatic']

entities_list: @entity2715 :: ('MESH:D001507', 'Chemical') :: ['beclomethasone']

entities_list: @entity16140 :: ('MESH:C565974', 'Disease') :: ['ICS', 'inhaled glucocorticoids']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic asthma']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: In this paper, a novel format for selective solid-phase extraction based on a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) is described. A small amount of MIP has been synthesized within the pores of commercial @entity691 (PE) frits and attached to its surface using @entity25851 (BP), a photo-initiator capable to start the polymerisation from the surface of the support material. Key properties affecting the obtainment of a proper polymeric layer, such as polymerisation time and kind of cross-linker were optimised. The developed imprinted material has been applied as a selective sorbent for cleaning extracts of @entity18884 ( @entity18885 ), as model compound, from citrus samples. The use of different solvents for loading the analyte in the imprinted frits was investigated, as well as the binding capacity of the imprinted polymer. Imprinted frits showed good selectivity when loads were performed using @entity8336 and a linear relationship was obtained for the target analyte up to 1000 ng of loaded analyte. Prepared composite material was applied to the SPE of @entity18885 in real samples extracts, showing an impressive clean-up ability. Calibrations showed good linearity in the concentration range of 0.05-5.00  g g(-1), referred to the original solid sample, and the regression coefficients obtained were greater than 0.996. The calculated detection limit was 0.016  g g(-1), low enough to satisfactory analysis of @entity18885 in real samples. @entity6865 at different spiking levels ranged below 15% in all the cases and imprinted frits were reusable without loss in their performance.

title: Molecularly imprinted polymer grafted to porous XXXX frits: a new selective solid-phase extraction format.

entities_list: @entity691 :: ('MESH:D020959', 'Chemical') :: ['polyethylene']

entities_list: @entity25851 :: ('MESH:C047723', 'Chemical') :: ['benzophenone']

entities_list: @entity18884 :: ('MESH:D013827', 'Chemical') :: ['thiabendazole']

answer: @entity691 :: (MESH:D020959,Chemical) :: ['polyethylene']


abstract: PURPOSE: Perioperative blood transfusions are costly and linked to adverse clinical outcomes. We investigated the factors associated with variation in blood transfusion utilization following upper @entity1820 resection and its association with infectious complications. METHODS: The Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System was queried for elective esophagectomy, gastrectomy, and pancreatectomy for @entity5 in NY State from 2001 to 2013. Bivariate and hierarchical logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the factors associated with receiving a perioperative allogeneic red blood cell transfusion. Additional multivariable analysis examined the relationship between transfusion and infectious complications. RESULTS: Among 14,875 @entity1 who underwent upper @entity5 resection, 32  % of @entity1 received a perioperative blood transfusion. After controlling for @entity1 , surgeon, and hospital-level factors, significant variation in transfusion rates was present across both surgeons (p   <   0.0001) and hospitals (p   <   0.0001). Receipt of a blood transfusion was also independently associated with wound @entity281 (OR   =   1.68, 95% CI   =   1.47 and 1.91), @entity55 (OR   =   1.98, 95% CI   =   1.74 and 2.26), and @entity295 (OR   =   2.49, 95% CI   =   2.11 and 2.94). CONCLUSION: Significant variation in perioperative blood transfusion utilization is present at both the surgeon and hospital level. These findings are unexplained by @entity1 -level factors and other known hospital characteristics, suggesting that variation is due to provider preferences and/or lack of standardized transfusion protocols. Implementing institutional transfusion guidelines is necessary to limit unwarranted variation and reduce infectious complication rates.

title: Significant Variation in Blood Transfusion Practice Persists following Upper XXXX Resection.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['GI cancer', 'malignancy']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity1820 :: ('MESH:D005770', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal cancer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['GI Cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3147 , @entity32 , and @entity731 (MIA) syndrome is associated with a high mortality rate in @entity1 with @entity454 . However, the clinical relevance of @entity32 in kidney transplantation (KT) recipients remains unknown. METHODS: We enrolled 1348 adult KT recipients. Recipients were assessed based on serum albumin, @entity165 , or body mass index for the @entity3147 factor and C-reactive protein level for the @entity32 factor. Any history of cardiovascular (CV), cerebrovascular, or @entity1095 satisfied the @entity731 factor. Each MIA factors were assessed by univariate analysis and we calculated an overall risk score by summing up scores for each independent variable. The enrolled @entity1 were divided into 4 groups depending on the MIA score (0, 2-4, 6, 8-10). RESULTS: The @entity1 with higher MIA score showed worse outcome of fatal/non-fatal @entity1187 ( @entity1187 ) (p < 0.001) and composite outcomes of @entity1187 and all-cause mortality (p < 0.001) than with the lower MIA score. In multivariate analysis, @entity1187 showed significantly higher incidence in the MIA score 8-10 group than in the MIA score 0 group (Hazard ratio 6.12 95 % Confidence interval 1.84-20.32 p = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS: The presence of MIA factors before KT is an independent predictor of post-transplant CV outcomes.

title: Pretransplant @entity3147 , @entity32 , and XXXX affect cardiovascular outcomes after kidney transplantation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation', 'MIA syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1095 :: ('MESH:D016491', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral vascular disease']

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['acute coronary syndrome', 'ACS']

entities_list: @entity3147 :: ('MESH:D044342', 'Disease') :: ['malnutrition', 'Malnutrition']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage renal disease']

answer: @entity731 :: (MESH:D050197,Disease) :: ['atherosclerosis']