abstract: Cryopreservation of fish gametes is of great importance in aquaculture, conservation and @entity1 genomic research. The creation of gamete cryobanks allows the storage of genetic material of targeted species for almost unlimited time periods. Cryopreservation has been successfully applied to fish sperm of many species, but there has been no success with fish embryos and oocytes. One of the obstacles to fish oocyte cryopreservation is their high chilling sensitivity and especially at subzero temperatures. Although studies on late stage oocyte cryopreservation has been carried out, there have been no reported studies on cryopreservation of early stage ovarian follicles. The aim of this study is to investigate the chilling sensitivity of early stage @entity3392 ovarian follicles before developing protocols for their cryopreservation. Experiments were conducted with stage I (primary growth), stage II (cortical alveolus) and stage III (vetillogenesis) ovarian follicles, which were chilled in @entity4338 buffer and L-15 medium for up to 144h at -1 degrees C in a low temperature bath. Ovarian follicles were also exposed to 2M @entity1042 or 2M @entity3733 in L-15 medium for up to 168h at -1 and -5 degrees C, respectively. Control follicles were kept at 28 degrees C. Ovarian follicle viability was assessed using @entity3460 staining. The results showed that stage I and II ovarian follicles are less sensitive to chilling than stage III follicles. These results were also confirmed following in vitro maturation of the chilled ovarian follicles. The results also showed that L-15 medium is more beneficial than @entity4338 buffer for ovarian follicles at all stages. The presence of both @entity1042 and @entity3733 reduced chilling sensitivity of ovarian follicles at all stages with @entity1042 being the most effective. The study indicated that stage I and II follicles are less sensitive to chilling than stage III follicles, and that early stage @entity3392 ovarian follicles may be better candidates for cryopreservation.

title: Studies on chilling sensitivity of early stage @entity3392 ( XXXX ) ovarian follicles.

entities_list: @entity1042 :: ('MESH:D000432', 'Chemical') :: ['methanol']

entities_list: @entity3460 :: ('MESH:D014343', 'Chemical') :: ['trypan blue']

answer: @entity3392 :: (7955,Species) :: ['Danio rerio']


abstract: We report a rare case of @entity1318 coexistent with @entity1528 . The @entity1 , a 25-year-old @entity1 , presented at our hospital with a history of @entity490 with distension, and was finally operated on for a @entity1528 . Five months later she presented symptoms of progressive @entity1282 and heartburn. Oesophageal manometry of the upper and lower oesophageal sphincter and X-ray studies showed images compatible with @entity1318 . Oesophagomyotomy of the oesophagogastric junction (Heller procedure with Dor haemifundoplication technique) was performed. In the specimens taken for biopsy, neither pathology of the myenteric plexuses, nor @entity194 of the muscle fibres was evident. @entity1526 serological diagnosis for Trypanosoma cruzii, @entity16 , @entity6 and all the pathological events related with @entity4094 of the gastrointestinal tract proved negative. We believe that the pathological findings are related to a dysfunction of the physiological mediators of the upper and lower digestive tract motility. The present case is extraordinary and, to our knowledge, extremely rare. The association of the two pathological diseases is questionable, and the literature is reviewed.

title: @entity1528 associated with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1318 :: ('MESH:D004931', 'Disease') :: ['achalasia']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4094 :: ('MESH:D009468', 'Disease') :: ['neuromuscular disorders']

entities_list: @entity1528 :: ('MESH:D008531', 'Disease') :: ['megacolon']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological disease']

entities_list: @entity1526 :: ('MESH:D014355', 'Disease') :: ["Chagas' disease"]

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['dysphagia']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

answer: @entity1318 :: (MESH:D004931,Disease) :: ['oesophageal achalasia']


abstract: Since the early 1980s, concern within the @entity146 community about whether antipsychotics are associated with adverse cardiovascular events has grown. In the early 1990s, it became clear that @entity23514 could cause @entity1166 . More recently, concern has focused on the propensity that some atypical antipsychotics have to prolong corrected QT (QTc) interval and whether this can result in @entity1166 and @entity944 . Unfortunately, it has been difficult to accurately determine what role, if any, that atypical antipsychotics may have in contributing to these events, in part because of the rarity of the events and the lack of a sound, predictable marker. The best currently available markers, QTc interval and binding to the rapid delayed rectifier @entity972 current, are imprecise and cannot be relied upon to accurately predict @entity1166 . Current evidence suggests that although atypical antipsychotics may increase the QTc interval, prolongation does not result in @entity1166 , as observed with many conventional antipsychotics. Among the marketed atypical drugs, there was considerable concern about @entity1162 with @entity1280 , but currently available data do not support the occurrence of @entity1166 with any of the available atypical antipsychotic drugs. However, identifying when @entity1162 carries a risk of @entity1166 remains a problem in developing new drugs. Psychiatric populations are at high risk for @entity65 , and emerging data indicate that some atypical antipsychotics may be associated with cardiovascular adverse events unrelated to @entity1162 . Thus, it is prudent for the @entity146 community to be aware of @entity146 @entity1 ' baseline medical condition and their risk status for @entity65 .

title: Schizophrenia, antipsychotic drugs, and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1166 :: ('MESH:D016171', 'Disease') :: ['torsades de pointes']

entities_list: @entity944 :: ('MESH:D003645', 'Disease') :: ['sudden death']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

entities_list: @entity1280 :: ('MESH:C092292', 'Chemical') :: ['ziprasidone']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

entities_list: @entity23514 :: ('MESH:D008653', 'Chemical') :: ['mesoridazine']

entities_list: @entity1162 :: ('MESH:D008133', 'Disease') :: ['QTc prolongation', 'QT prolongation']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity65 :: (MESH:D002318,Disease) :: ['cardiovascular disease']


abstract: AIM: To evaluate the effect of complete elimination of the calcific deposit on the clinical outcome in @entity1 with a recalcitrant @entity6538 @entity924 . @entity1 AND METHODS: 50 @entity1 with a chronic @entity6538 @entity924 (Type G  rtner I or II) underwent a single application of extracorporeal shock waves (3000 impulses, energy flux density 0.60 mJ/mm2). After one year 45 @entity1 were evaluated radiologically and clinically. RESULTS: Radiologically a complete absorption of the calcific deposit was observed in 21 @entity1 (47%). In 9 @entity1 there was no radiological change. The radiological success was closely related to the radiomorphology of the deposit. 18 out of 27 good or excellent results were accompanied by a complete disintegration of the deposit. We calculated a significant dependency between complete disintegration of the deposit and a good/excellent clinical result (p = 0.0002). @entity1 with a completely disintegrated deposit had significantly better scores than those with a partial disintegration of the @entity460 (p = 0.02), and than those with no radiomorphological changes (p = 0.0003). Spearman's correlation coefficient was 0.6. CONCLUSION: Elimination of the deposit is paramount for a good clinical outcome and should be the main goal for any treatment.

title: [Significance of XXXX deposit elimination in @entity924 calcarea of the shoulder].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity924 :: ('MESH:D052256', 'Disease') :: ['tendinitis of the shoulder']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity6538 :: ('MESH:D018333', 'Disease') :: ['calcifying']

answer: @entity460 :: (MESH:D002118,Chemical) :: ['calcium']


abstract: The perfusion of @entity1 donor livers was studied during organ retrieval using laser Doppler flowmetry to assess the microcirculatory alteration caused by @entity1560 ( @entity1560 ). Using a multichannel laser Doppler flowmeter, we measured the hepatic perfusion as flux units in 21 liver donors, eight of which were macroscopically fatty. Perfusion was recorded continuously for 2 minutes from two sites on each lobe at the beginning of organ retrieval, after the vascular dissection, and during sequential occlusion of the hepatic artery and portal vein. Mean flux value and SEM were calculated, and paired Student's t test was used for comparison between stages of perfusion. Multiple ANOVA was used to determine whether factors other than the normal or fatty parenchyma influenced the perfusion measurements. Mobilization of the graft did not affect parenchymal perfusion. Perfusion was significantly (P < 0.001) and rapidly reduced with hepatic artery or @entity2994 in both groups. Macroscopically steatotic livers (n = 8) had diminished microcirculation compared with normal livers (n = 13) (125 +/- 18 v 252 +/- 24 flux units; P = 0.002). Donors receiving inotropes (n = 10) had a lower mean perfusion rate (150 +/- 20 v 252 +/- 29 flux units; P = 0.026), but this effect was found in both the normal and steatotic groups with no interaction (ANOVA; P = 0.658). @entity1560 diminishes the tissue perfusion in @entity1 liver grafts. Laser Doppler flowmetry may help identify grafts with a compromised microcirculation.

title: In vivo demonstration of impaired microcirculation in steatotic XXXX liver grafts.

entities_list: @entity2994 :: ('MESH:D012170', 'Disease') :: ['portal vein occlusion']

entities_list: @entity1560 :: ('MESH:D005234', 'Disease') :: ['fatty infiltration', 'Steatosis', 'steatosis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: @entity66 are a public health and social policy priority in Europe due to their high prevalence and the long-term disability they may result in (as the principal cause of handicap). Increasingly, family caregivers take over the care at home of these @entity1 . Two years post- @entity64 , our study analyzed the feelings of family caregivers from Luxembourg and northeastern Portugal toward their experience of caregiving and its repercussions on social and couple relationships, life satisfaction, and socioeconomic characteristics. Participating hospitals identified survivors and consent was sought by letter. @entity1 (n = 62) and their main caregivers (n = 46 pairs) were interviewed at home. The mean life satisfaction of caregivers was similar, but the experience of providing care differed in terms of family support, and disruptions of the caregivers' family responsibilities. More Portuguese respondents gave activities up, found little time for relaxation, and estimated that their health had deteriorated; more Luxembourgers felt strong enough to @entity5786 . More Portuguese spouses reported an impact on their sex lives. Family caregivers represent a "population at risk." Social workers can help them by providing domestic assistance, undertaking coaching activities, fostering favorable attitudes, and offering reassurance. Home-based rehabilitation in Europe involving family care must take account of cultural lifestyle issues.

title: Experiences of caregiving, satisfaction of life, and social repercussions among family caregivers, two years post- XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['Cerebrovascular diseases']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['stroke']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity36183 represents a rare congenital but nonheritable @entity4848 defined as the association of giant or multiple congenital nonmalignant melanocytic nevi with @entity1709 or @entity149 . METHODS: We describe the case of an adolescent with a giant @entity8205 who developed progressive @entity428 due to @entity1709 confirmed by surgical biopsy. Brain and spine magnetic resonance images showed posterior fossa @entity600 compatible with the @entity1647 complex, @entity1276 , and extensive enhancement of posterior fossa then spine. Shunt placement, corticotherapy, and chemotherapy were attempted leading to transient relief but the @entity1 died 12 months after the onset of primary @entity16 . DISCUSSION: We discuss diagnosis, pathogenesis, management, and prognosis in the light of data from the recent literature. CONCLUSION: @entity36183 is considered to follow from @entity74 which could account for associated developmental @entity600 as the so-called @entity1647 complex. @entity75 are usually recognized at birth whereas neurological manifestations develop later. Numerous @entity16 have been reported according to extent of leptomeningeal and parenchymal infiltration. Whether magnetic resonance imaging of the neuroaxis represents the choice radiological exam, definite diagnosis relies upon the histological data obtained by mean of biopsy. Once symptomatic, surgical and medical measures remain palliative since death occurs within 3 years.

title: @entity36183 and the XXXX complex: an uncommon but not so insignificant association.

entities_list: @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['hydrocephalus']

entities_list: @entity36183 :: ('MESH:C537387', 'Disease') :: ['Neurocutaneous melanosis']

entities_list: @entity428 :: ('MESH:D019586', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial hypertension']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['Cutaneous lesions']

entities_list: @entity8205 :: ('MESH:D009508', 'Disease') :: ['congenital bathing trunk melanocytic nevus']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological symptoms']

entities_list: @entity149 :: ('MESH:D002493', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma of the central nervous system']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['malformations', 'malformation']

entities_list: @entity1647 :: ('MESH:D003616', 'Disease') :: ['Dandy-Walker']

entities_list: @entity4848 :: ('MESH:D020752', 'Disease') :: ['phakomatosis']

entities_list: @entity1709 :: ('MESH:D008548', 'Disease') :: ['leptomeningeal melanosis']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['neurulation disorders']

answer: @entity1647 :: (MESH:D003616,Disease) :: ['Dandy-Walker']


abstract: Dairy @entity291 @entity1271 is an important disease in the dairy industry. Different microbial species have been identified as causative agents in @entity1271 , and are traditionally diagnosed by bacterial culture. The objective of this study was to use metagenomic pyrosequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA genes to investigate bacterial DNA diversity in milk samples of mastitic and healthy dairy @entity291 and compare the results with those obtained by classical bacterial culture. One hundred and thirty-six milk samples were collected from @entity291 showing signs of @entity1271 and used for microbiological culture. Additionally, 20 milk samples were collected from healthy quarters. Bacterial DNA was isolated from the same milk samples and the 16S rRNA genes were individually amplified and pyrosequenced. Discriminant analysis showed that the groups of samples that were most clearly different from the rest and thus easily discriminated were the normal milk samples from healthy @entity291 and those characterised by culture as @entity1679 and @entity22193 spp. The @entity1271 pathogens identified by culture were generally among the most frequent organisms detected by pyrosequencing, and in some cases ( @entity526 , @entity4005 spp. and @entity8211 @entity1271 ) the single most prevalent microorganism. @entity1679 sequences were the second most prevalent sequences in @entity1271 cases diagnosed as @entity1679 by culture, @entity22193 sequences were the second most prevalent sequences in @entity1271 cases diagnosed as @entity22193 by culture, and Staphyloccocus aureus sequences were the third most prevalent in @entity1271 cases diagnosed as @entity794 by culture. In samples that were aerobic culture negative, pyrosequencing identified DNA of bacteria that are known to cause @entity1271 , DNA of bacteria that are known pathogens but have so far not been associated with @entity1271 , and DNA of bacteria that are currently not known to be pathogens. A possible role of anaerobic pathogens in @entity291 @entity1271 is also suggested.

title: Microbial diversity of XXXX mastitic milk as described by pyrosequencing of metagenomic 16s rDNA.

entities_list: @entity4005 :: ('MESH:D007710', 'Disease') :: ['Klebsiella']

entities_list: @entity1679 :: ('1661', 'Species') :: ['Trueperella pyogenes']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']

entities_list: @entity8211 :: ('1349', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus uberis']

entities_list: @entity22193 :: ('1334', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus dysgalactiae', 'Streptococcus']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['bovine']


abstract: A total of 43 @entity1 with surgical complications developed after planned surgeries for @entity2 were followed up in the Thoracal Oncological Clinic, @entity5 . Research Center, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, in 1981-1990. Emergency repeated operations for complications were performed in 23 (53.4%) of them. Bronchial suture insufficiency after various pulmonary resections occurs in 2.4% of cases in 25 out of 1030 @entity1 ). @entity548 after resection of the lung result from technical errors of a surgeon during mobilization of the lung or lymphadenectomy (in 10 out of 14) and they are infrequent during treatment of @entity3120 (in 4 out of 14). Impaired seal of lung parenchymal sutures, which needs active surgical policy, was seen in 2 out of 1030 @entity1 with lung resection. Our clinical material shows that chylothorax as a complication of pulmonectomy is associated with a rare left-sided location of the thoracic lymph duct. In @entity2 , active surgical policy has advantages over conservative therapy: the mortality was 8.0% (2 out of 25) and 25.9% (7 out of 27), respectively. Conservative therapy of @entity1 with bronchial suture insufficiency is preferable after pulmonectomy. Emergency repeated operations in the early period are preferable in these complication after pulmonectomy.

title: [Emergency repeated operations for XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3120 :: ('MESH:D009383', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary or lobal blood vessels']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['Intrapleural hemorrhages']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cancer']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary cancer', 'cancer of the lung']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['lung cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical utility of radiofrequency (RF) ablation combined with chemoembolization in treatment of @entity157 ( @entity157 ) located in the caudate lobe. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between September 2000 and October 2011, 20 consecutive @entity1 with single @entity157 measuring <=5 cm were treated with combination therapy of chemoembolization and RF ablation. Technical success was defined as completion of a planned electrode placement and ablation protocol. The effectiveness of the technique was defined as disappearance of @entity5 enhancement with an ablative margin of>= 5 mm. Technical success, technique effectiveness, @entity5 progression, overall and recurrence-free survival, and complications were evaluated. RESULTS: RF electrodes were placed in planned sites of each @entity5 , and ablation was complete in all @entity1 (technical success rate 100%). @entity5 enhancement disappeared with sufficient ablative margins after 20 RF sessions in all @entity1 (technique effectiveness rate 100%). Major and minor complication rates were 10.0% and 15.0%. Local @entity5 progression was found in 2 of 20 @entity1 (10.0%) with @entity5 progression rates of 6.3% at 1 year and 13.5% at 3 years and 5 years. Six @entity1 died during the follow-up period (mean, 40.0 months; range, 2.0-110.5 months). Overall and recurrence-free survival rates were 94.4% and 70.8% at 1 year, 86.6% and 36.9% at 3 years, and 67.5% and 45.5% at 5 years. CONCLUSIONS: RF ablation combined with chemoembolization is a safe and useful therapeutic option to treat HCCs located in the caudate lobe.

title: Combination therapy of chemoembolization and radiofrequency ablation for the treatment of XXXX in the caudate lobe.

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'hepatocellular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor', 'local tumor']

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2049 ( @entity2050 ) has been used in the treatment of @entity162 , both in acute @entity162 and maintenance therapy, since the early 1970s. Here, we report a follow-up study of @entity2050 -treated @entity162 @entity1 in the Taipei City Psychiatric Centre. METHODS: Bipolar @entity1 diagnosed according to the DSM-IV system and treated with @entity2050 at the Taipei City Psychiatric Centre had their charts reviewed to evaluate the efficacy and side effects of this medication during an average follow-up period of 10 years. RESULTS: A total of 129 @entity162 @entity1 (45 males, mean age: 45.7        10.9 year) were included in the analysis of @entity2050 efficacy used alone (n   =   63) or as an add-on after @entity1091 (n   =   50) or @entity1092 (n   =   11), or the both of them (n   =   5). The mean age of disease onset was 24.6        9.5 years. The mean duration of @entity2050 use was 10.4        5.2 year. The mean dose used was 571.3        212.6 mg/day with a mean plasma level of 7.8        5.9  g/mL. Mean body weight increased from 62.0        13.4 kg to 66.7        13.1 kg during treatment. The frequencies of admission per year before and after @entity2050 treatment were 0.33        0.46 and 0.14        0.30, respectively. The most common side effects targeted the central nervous system (24%), including dizziness, @entity2055 and @entity73 . Other common side effects were @entity344 (3.6%), @entity400 (3.6%), @entity1910 (2.9%), and blurred vision (2.9%). Eighty-eight @entity1 (68.2%) were taking antipsychotics concomitantly. Ninety-six @entity1 (74.4%) needed to use @entity1245 concomitantly. Sixty-three (48.8%) @entity1 had zero episodes in a 10-year follow-up period, compared to all @entity1 having episodes prior to treatment. Using variable analysis, we found better response to @entity2050 in males than in females. CONCLUSIONS: @entity2050 is efficacious in the maintenance treatment of @entity162 in naturalistic clinical practice, either as monotherapy or in combination with other medications. @entity2050 is well tolerated by most @entity1 in this @entity1 group.

title: XXXX treatment of @entity162 : a retrospective evaluation of naturalistic long-term outcomes.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['bipolar disorder', 'mania', 'bipolar']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment']

entities_list: @entity1092 :: ('MESH:D014635', 'Chemical') :: ['valproic acid']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal disturbances']

entities_list: @entity1245 :: ('MESH:D001569', 'Chemical') :: ['benzodiazepines']

entities_list: @entity2049 :: ('MESH:D002220', 'Chemical') :: ['Carbamazepine']

answer: @entity2049 :: (MESH:D002220,Chemical) :: ['Carbamazepine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recent concerns about @entity1397 and @entity7080 inhibitor (PPI) co-administration in @entity1 following an @entity1187 ( @entity1187 ) led us to investigate our practice. Guidance recommends that @entity4546 and @entity1537 should not be co-administered with @entity1397 as they can decrease its efficacy. @entity10112 and @entity10042 are safer for use in these cases. METHODS: @entity1 discharged between August 2008 and July 2009 with a diagnosis of @entity1187 , on both @entity1397 and any PPI, were identified using the pharmacy database. Their notes were retrospectively reviewed, the indication for a PPI was checked and whether an appropriate one had been prescribed was assessed. As a result of our findings a simple algorithm was introduced to set out guidance on appropriate use and junior doctors were informed of the new procedure. We then performed another audit of @entity1 discharged between August 2009 and February 2010 to ensure that the guidelines were being followed. RESULTS: During the first phase of the audit 43 out of 91 @entity1 (47.5%) received a PPI with @entity1397 . Following our intervention, re-auditing confirmed that @entity1397 and @entity7371 co-administration had decreased significantly to 27 out of 101 @entity1 (26.7%) (p = 0.018). CONCLUSIONS: Through a simple intervention with an algorithm and education of junior doctors we have shown that significant improvement and adherence to guidance can be achieved.

title: Reducing co-administration of XXXX and @entity7080 inhibitors in @entity1187 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['ACS', 'acute coronary syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1537 :: ('MESH:D064098', 'Chemical') :: ['esomeprazole']

entities_list: @entity1397 :: ('MESH:C055162', 'Chemical') :: ['clopidogrel']

entities_list: @entity10042 :: ('MESH:C058687', 'Chemical') :: ['lansoprazole']

entities_list: @entity10112 :: ('MESH:C064276', 'Chemical') :: ['Pantoprazole']

entities_list: @entity4546 :: ('MESH:D009853', 'Chemical') :: ['omeprazole']

answer: @entity1397 :: (MESH:C055162,Chemical) :: ['clopidogrel']


abstract: Isolated noncompaction of the left ventricle (LV) is a @entity395 , classified as a primary @entity74 by the American Heart Association. The European Society of Cardiology Working Group on Myocardial and Pericardial Diseases classified LV noncompaction as an unclassified @entity296 . LV noncompaction @entity296 characterized by the following features: 1) an altered myocardial wall with prominent trabeculae and deep intertrabecular recesses resulting in thickened myocardium with two layers, consisting of compacted and noncompacted myocardium and 2) continuity between the left ventricular cavity and the deep intertrabecular recesses, which are filled with blood from the ventricular cavity, without evidence of communication with the epicardial coronary artery system. Features of LV noncompaction can overlap with @entity384 , @entity1121 (especially the apical variant), and @entity296 . The phenotypic expression can vary considerably within the same family. The LV noncompaction can rarely occur as a transient phenomenon during @entity2401 . We present the case of a 23-year-old @entity1 , admitted to our Department for cardiac evaluation because of ECG changes and cardiac enlargement revealed at thoracic radiography. She had a history of chronic @entity3252 . An echocardiography was performed revealing @entity1002 with severe @entity299 and @entity67 , diffuse @entity2845 and signs of isolated left ventricular non-compaction. Under these circumstances, we have considered the presence of isolated left ventricular non-compaction. A cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging was performed and it sustained the diagnosis. The alternative cause of isolated left ventricular noncompaction (prominent trabeculation due to @entity296 ) was considered improbable.

title: XXXX or @entity2401 : a case report of @entity384 with hypertrabeculation in a young asymptomatic @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['cardiomyopathy', 'restrictive cardiomyopathy', 'myocardial toxoplasmosis']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['dilated cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity2845 :: ('MESH:D018476', 'Disease') :: ['hypokinesia']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['genetic cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity3252 :: ('MESH:D014123', 'Disease') :: ['toxoplasmosis']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['systolic']

entities_list: @entity395 :: ('MESH:D035583', 'Disease') :: ['rare disorder']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['diastolic dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1121 :: ('MESH:D002312', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophic cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity2401 :: ('MESH:D009205', 'Disease') :: ['myocarditis']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular enlargement']

answer: @entity74 :: (MESH:D030342,Disease) :: ['Genetic disorder']


abstract: The present study investigated the effects of @entity9747 a novel @entity8652 -antagonist with partial @entity2263 -agonist activity on the @entity1 failing heart. Experiments were performed on isolated electrically driven atrial and ventricular cardiac preparations and in membrane preparations from the left ventricles of nine @entity1 (four with @entity384 ; five with @entity296 ) undergoing cardiac transplantation for terminal @entity712 . @entity9747 produced a negative inotropic effect in @entity2057 . However, in the presence of @entity1928 --which activates the catalyst of the @entity1920 cyclase-or the @entity268 phosphodiesterase inhibitor @entity7604 , @entity9747 produced concentration-dependent positive inotropic effects and positive lusitropic effects. Experiments with the @entity10712 -selective antagonists CGP 207.12A and ICI 118.551, respectively, suggest that the positive inotropic response is mediated by @entity2263 -adrenoceptors. In radioligand binding experiments, a selectivity of 15.7 [-Gpp(NH)p] or 23.9 [+Gpp(NH)p] as judged from the Ki values--of binding to @entity2263 -adrenoceptors was measured in the failing @entity1 ventricular myocardium. Competition curves with @entity9747 alone and in the presence of the @entity6370 @entity12831 revealed no evidence for agonist activity at @entity8652 - or @entity2263 -adrenoceptors. It is concluded that amplification of the @entity268 response is able to unmask partial agonist activity of @entity9747 in the failing @entity1 heart at @entity2263 -adrenoceptors. The inotropic measurements are a more sensitive approach than radioligand binding studies. Whether the pharmacological profile of @entity9747 will be useful in conditions like @entity712 is questionable with respect to the potential downregulation of @entity2263 -adrenoceptors by its partial agonist activity.

title: Positive inotropic effects due to partial agonistic activity of the beta-adrenoceptor antagonist @entity9747 following amplification of XXXX formation in failing @entity1 myocardium.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity6370 :: ('CHEBI:61292', 'Chemical') :: ['guanine nucleotide']

entities_list: @entity1920 :: ('CHEBI:16027', 'Chemical') :: ['adenylate']

entities_list: @entity7604 :: ('MESH:D020105', 'Chemical') :: ['milrinone']

entities_list: @entity9747 :: ('MESH:D017272', 'Chemical') :: ['celiprolol', 'Celiprolol']

entities_list: @entity2057 :: ('MESH:D009133', 'Disease') :: ['atrial and ventricular heart muscle']

entities_list: @entity1928 :: ('MESH:D005576', 'Chemical') :: ['forskolin']

answer: @entity268 :: (CHEBI:17489,Chemical) :: ['cAMP']


abstract: The functional significance of platelet alpha-adrenergic receptors in vivo is uncertain. The aim of this study was to elucidate their role in experimental coronary @entity715 . In 46 open-chest @entity235 with a critical @entity3979 produced by plicating the coronary artery wall with a suture, blood flow showed cyclical reductions followed by an abrupt return to control levels. The flow reduction were previously shown to be caused by @entity1423 . In the present study they were unaffected by heparin (1,000 U . kg-1 . h-1) at the start of the experiment but consistently abolished by @entity117 (30 mg . kg-1) at the end of the protocol, further supporting @entity1423 as the primary mechanism. After 1 h of observation, @entity235 were assigned to one of the following groups: control (no intervention, n = 9), @entity5521 (a nonselective alpha-blocker) "low dose" (0.07 mg . kg-1 bolus followed by 0.1 mg . kg-1 . min-1, n = 4), @entity5521 "high-dose" (3 mg . kg-1 bolus followed by 0.07 mg . kg-1 . min-1, n = 6), @entity3159 (an alpha 1-blocker, 2 mg . kg-1, n = 8), @entity3160 (an alpha 2-blocker, 3 mg . kg-1, n = 11) or @entity3159 + @entity3160 (same doses, n = 8). In controls, cyclical reductions in flow continued unchanged for another hour. @entity5521 effected a partial dose-related inhibition of flow reductions; however, @entity3159 and @entity3160 , given separately or in combination, failed to produce any significant effect despite an alpha-blocking action equivalent to or greater than that of @entity5521 (alpha-agonist dose-response studies).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Influence of alpha-adrenergic blockade on platelet-mediated XXXX in stenosed @entity235 coronary arteries.

entities_list: @entity3160 :: ('MESH:D015016', 'Chemical') :: ['yohimbine']

entities_list: @entity1423 :: ('MESH:D001791', 'Disease') :: ['platelet aggregation']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity5521 :: ('MESH:D010646', 'Chemical') :: ['Phentolamine', 'phentolamine']

entities_list: @entity3979 :: ('MESH:D023921', 'Disease') :: ['coronary stenosis']

entities_list: @entity3159 :: ('MESH:D011224', 'Chemical') :: ['prazosin']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

answer: @entity715 :: (MESH:D013927,Disease) :: ['thrombosis']


abstract: The present investigation was undertaken to explore the @entity1066 healing properties of three dosage schedules of various concentrations of topically administered @entity6478 solution in mechanically produced @entity4537 in albino @entity35 . Four @entity4537 (two on either side of the midline) were made 2.5 cm apart on the preshaved back of each anesthetized @entity35 with a round body skin biopsy punch (7 mm diameter) through the dermis to the depth of subcutaneous tissue. The animals were randomly divided into groups of 5 @entity35 each. @entity1066 on one side of the midline were treated with normal saline and served as control, whereas those on the other side were treated with @entity6478 solutions. Each @entity1066 was observed for its size, slough formation and any sign of irritation on alternate days until healing was complete. Healing of ulcers was significantly accelerated with all the strengths of @entity6478 (0.01, 0.02 and 0.04%) in all the dosage schedules (o.d., b.i.d. and q.i.d.) in terms of days required for complete healing, @entity1066 size and area under the size-time curve. This acceleration was dose-dependent with maximum effect at b.i.d. administration of 0.04% solution. No irritation or suppression of immunity was noticeable. Thus topical @entity6478 may prove to be an inexpensive and better @entity1066 healing agent with no apparent side effects. Inhibition of @entity11693 by @entity6478 seems to be responsible for this effect.

title: Topical @entity6478 solution accelerates healing of mechanical @entity4537 in albino XXXX .

entities_list: @entity6478 :: ('MESH:D000584', 'Chemical') :: ['amiloride']

entities_list: @entity4537 :: ('MESH:D012883', 'Disease') :: ['skin ulcers']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: PURPOSE: Lasers have been used to treat @entity409 , but the laser remodeling of @entity4530 that dissect into the palpebral fissure has not been reported. We describe the unique use of @entity6640 green laser to treat dissected @entity4530 and discuss treatment outcomes. @entity1 AND METHODS: Retrospective review of consecutive @entity1 undergoing laser bleb reductions (LBRs) over a 6-year period. Failure was defined as persistent dissection and/or symptoms or loss of intraocular pressure (IOP) control despite medications. RESULTS: Sixteen @entity1 underwent a total of 23 LBRs and were followed-up for a mean of 12.4 months (median = 9.5 mo). Ten @entity1 (63%) were treated successfully, and 6 @entity1 (37%) failed treatment. Persistent dissection and/or symptoms were the most common reasons for failure (5/6), whereas 1 @entity1 lost IOP control. Three (30%) of those treated successfully required the reintroduction of ocular @entity551 medications for pressure control. The mean IOP increased from 9.1 +/- 5.2 mm Hg before treatment to 11.7 +/- 8.1 mm Hg after treatment (P = 0.02). Common complications included intraoperative discomfort (26%), conjunctival injection (22%), postoperative discomfort (13%), and dissection into the untreated side (9%). In the failure group, more laser spots (P = 0.05) and higher power levels (P = 0.00001) were used. CONCLUSIONS: @entity6640 @entity26132 may be a useful initial treatment modality for symptomatic bleb dissection. Success rates may be modest, but most adverse effects are mild and/or transient; however, significant loss of IOP control can occasionally occur.

title: Laser @entity4530 for bleb dissection with XXXX green laser: technique and outcomes.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity6640 :: ('MESH:D007726', 'Chemical') :: ['Krypton', 'krypton']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['dysfunctional blebs']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotensive']

answer: @entity6640 :: (MESH:D007726,Chemical) :: ['krypton']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To compare the effects of centrifugal pumps versus roller pumps for cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in routine cardiac surgery on hematologic parameters in the context of modern practice. DESIGN: Prospective, randomized, partially blinded. SETTING: University teaching hospital. @entity1 : Elective coronary artery surgery @entity1 (n = 113) INTERVENTION: @entity1 were randomized to be perfused with either a roller head (group R, n = 56) or a centrifugal head (group C, n = 57) pump. @entity1 received @entity929 before and during CPB. Core body temperatures were allowed to drift down to approximately 32 degrees C. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Postoperative chest tube @entity190 , blood product requirements, hemoglobin, and platelet counts were assessed. There were no significant differences in preoperative or intraoperative parameters, including CPB time, complexity of procedure, and minimum core temperature. There were the expected reductions in hemoglobin and platelet levels post-CPB in both groups to a similar extent. Chest tubes remained in situ for similar durations, and the final volume of drainage was not significantly different (group C, 1300 +/- 92 mL; group R 1117 +/- 83 mL; p = 0.14). Allogeneic blood was given to 23% of @entity1 in group C and 18% in group R (p = 0.63). @entity117 was associated with an increase in early chest tube drainage. CONCLUSIONS: In this surgical and perfusion environment, the authors were unable to show an advantage, from the hematologic point of view, in the routine use of a centrifugal pump head in elective coronary artery surgical @entity1 . The use of antifibrinolytic agents and mild @entity2332 may have effects on hemostasis that overshadow the influence of pump head design in this type of surgery.

title: XXXX in elective coronary artery surgery: a comparison of centrifugal versus roller pump heads during cardiopulmonary bypass.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['Aspirin']

entities_list: @entity929 :: ('MESH:D015119', 'Chemical') :: ['epsilon-aminocaproic acid']

entities_list: @entity2332 :: ('MESH:D007035', 'Disease') :: ['hypothermia']

answer: @entity190 :: (MESH:D006473,Disease) :: ['Blood loss']


abstract: STUDY TYPE: Therapy (case series). LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4. OBJECTIVE: To present our institution's experience of selective embolization of @entity8 with @entity285 and the long-term follow up data. @entity1 AND METHODS: This retrospective study included 34 @entity1 treated between October 1997 and October 2007 (29 @entity1 and five @entity1 , mean age 44 years). Of these @entity1 , nine had @entity2916 , 14 were bilateral and 16 were multifocal. Indications for treatment were previous @entity548 (14), size >4 cm (19) and increasing size over a short period (one). The largest treated lesion was 24.4 cm, and the mean (range) size was 11.9 (2.9-24.4) cm. All @entity1 were treated by selective embolization using a mixture of @entity285 and @entity4831 . Three @entity1 also had coiling of @entity439 and two @entity1 had additional embolization with @entity4832 particles. The follow-up was both radiological and clinical, with recurrence defined as growth by >2 cm or symptoms requiring further treatment. RESULTS: The technical success rate was 100%, with only one significant complication of @entity8 , with self-limiting effects. Minor complications included 11 @entity1 with @entity887 , all of which settled with conservative measures. The mean (range) combined radiological and clinical follow-up was 44.2 (12-116) months, with all @entity1 having a follow-up of >1 year. Radiological success was achieved in 97%, with only one lesion growing by >2 cm. The combined clinical and radiological success rate was 85%, with two @entity1 undergoing surgery, two having repeat embolization and one currently offered surgery due to a recent increase in size. CONCLUSION: Our study provides long-term evidence that selective @entity1416 with @entity285 is a safe and effective method for improving clinical symptoms (85%) and preventing @entity5 progression (97%) in @entity1 with @entity8 .

title: Long-term follow-up of the treatment of @entity8 after selective @entity1416 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'PATIENTS', 'men']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['non-target renal embolization', 'renal angiomyolipomas', 'renal angiomyolipoma']

entities_list: @entity4832 :: ('MESH:D011142', 'Chemical') :: ['polyvinyl alcohol']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['haemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity1416 :: ('MESH:D020762', 'Disease') :: ['arterial embolization']

entities_list: @entity887 :: ('MESH:D004617', 'Disease') :: ['post-embolization syndrome']

entities_list: @entity2916 :: ('MESH:D014402', 'Disease') :: ['tuberous sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity4831 :: ('MESH:D004998', 'Chemical') :: ['lipiodol']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms']

answer: @entity285 :: (D000431,Chemical) :: ['alcohol']


abstract: Successful recovery from DNA damage requires coordination of several biological processes. Eukaryotic cell cycle progression is delayed when the cells encounter DNA-damaging agents. This cell cycle delay allows the cells to cope with DNA damage by utilizing DNA repair enzymes. Thus, at least two processes, induction of the cell cycle delay and repair of damaged DNA, are coordinately required for recovery. In this study, a @entity6739 rad mutant ( @entity52354 -362) was genetically investigated. In response to radiation, @entity52354 stops cell division; however, it does not restart it. This defect is suppressed when @entity52354 -362 is combined with wee1-50 or cdc2-3w; in these mutants, the onset of mitosis is advanced due to the premature activation of p34cdc2. In contrast, @entity52354 is synthetically lethal with cdc25, nim1/cdr1, or cdr2, all of which are unable to activate the p34cdc2 kinase correctly. These genetic interactions of @entity52354 with cdc2 and its modulators imply that @entity52354 is not defective in either "induction of cell cycle delay" or "DNA repair." @entity52354 + may be involved in a critical process which restarts cell cycle progression after the completion of DNA repair. Molecular cloning of @entity52354 + revealed that @entity52354 + encodes a putative 488- @entity535 polypeptide exhibiting significant homology to WD-domain proteins, namely, @entity51145 (budding @entity375 ), p55CDC ( @entity1 ), and Fizzy ( @entity238 ). A possible role of @entity52354 + is proposed.

title: A @entity6739 homolog of XXXX /p55CDC/Fizzy is required for recovery from DNA damage and genetically interacts with p34cdc2.

entities_list: @entity6739 :: ('4896', 'Species') :: ['fission yeast']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino-acid']

answer: @entity51145 :: (852762(Tax:4932),Gene) :: ['CDC20']


abstract: AIM: Placement of a transjugular intrahepatic porta-systemic shunt (TIPS) is a therapeutic option for the management of @entity548 esophageal varices. However, the procedure is associated with an increased risk of @entity5693 ( @entity5693 ). In this study, a two-stage modification of the standard TIPS technique was introduced for the management of variceal @entity548 in cirrhotic @entity1 with a high risk of @entity5693 before liver transplantation. METHODS: The modified procedure was applied to four @entity1 with @entity82 , @entity101 , and @entity843 . Two had a history of @entity75 after variceal @entity548 ; the other two were encephalopathic at the time of the first stage of the modified procedure. In the first stage, a 6-mm diameter intrahepatic shunt was created using a Palmaz-Schatz stent. One month later, in the second stage, the lumen of the shunt was expanded to a diameter of 10 mm. RESULTS: Both stages of this TIPS procedure were undertaken without any associated adverse events. In particular, neither stage was followed by a deterioration of neurologic status. From completion of the second stage to undertaking orthotopic liver transplantation (a period of 2 to 6 months), no rebleeding from esophageal varices occurred. CONCLUSIONS: A two-stage TIPS procedure to reduce @entity101 enables a more gradual adaptation to post-TIPS hemodynamic and metabolic changes than occurs after creation of a conventional TIPS. A two-stage TIPS procedure may be the method of choice for treating @entity548 from esophageal varices in @entity1 who have a high risk of developing @entity5693 and give them a chance for liver transplantation.

title: Two-stage transjugular intrahepatic porta-systemic shunt for XXXX with @entity82 and a high risk of @entity5693 @entity1 as a bridge to orthotopic liver transplantation: a preliminary report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity5693 :: ('MESH:D006501', 'Disease') :: ['portal-systemic encephalopathy', 'PSE']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['portal hypertension']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['encephalopathy']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: AIM: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy may have a role in the management of @entity694 but clinical trials are required to determine whether this approach is superior to the standard policy of radical surgery, high-quality histopathology and selective postoperative chemotherapy. The selection of appropriate @entity1 for such trials will depend on accurate locoregional staging of disease by preoperative CT scanning. We studied the outcome after radical right hemicolectomy and assessed the accuracy of preoperative CT scans in the prediction of postoperative pathology. METHOD: A retrospective analysis of right hemicolectomies performed with curative intent for @entity694 under the care of a single colorectal surgeon (D.J.A.) was performed. Preoperative CT-proven @entity4620 @entity1 were excluded. @entity1 demographics, postoperative histology, use of adjuvant chemotherapy and survival data were collected. Kaplan-Meier curves were constructed and log-rank testing was performed to compare @entity5 -specific survival. Fifty @entity1 had their preoperative CT scan images reviewed by two radiologists both blinded to the results of the postoperative histology. The accuracy of preoperative CT for @entity5 and N staging was studied. A P-value of < 0.05 was significant. RESULTS: There were 136 @entity1 (79 @entity1 ). Median age was 76 (interquartile ratio 67-82) years. Median period of follow-up was 72 (interquartile ratio 39-92) months. There were 56 deaths (39 medical, 16 oncological and 1 postoperative). There were three groups of @entity1 : node negative (n = 84), node positive with postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy (n = 30) and node positive without chemotherapy (n = 22). Five-year @entity5 -specific survival for node negative disease was 84% and was poorer for node positive @entity1 who received adjuvant chemotherapy when compared with those who did not (62 vs 72%, P-value = 0.046 on log-rank testing). Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value of CT scan for @entity5 ( @entity5 ) stage were 90, 33, 86 and 43% respectively, while that for nodal (N) stage was 83, 38, 57 and 69%, respectively. CONCLUSION: CT scan has limited accuracy in predicting those @entity1 with advanced @entity66 who might benefit from neoadjuvant treatment. When this finding is combined with relatively high @entity5 -specific survival with surgery alone the impact of adjuvant chemotherapy on survival after radical surgery for right @entity694 may be marginal.

title: The oncological outcome after right hemicolectomy and accuracy of CT scan as a preoperative tool for staging in right sided XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['locoregional disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['T', 'cancer', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon carcinoma', 'colon cancer', 'colonic carcinoma']

answer: @entity694 :: (MESH:D003110,Disease) :: ['colonic cancers']


abstract: From 1983 to 1990, 32 @entity1 with @entity7594 ( @entity7594 ) were admitted to our hospital. The diagnosis was confirmed by high IgM type titers of antibodies to @entity16363 . All @entity1 presented with serum and urine abnormalities suggesting @entity8 . Serum @entity1011 was elevated and ranged between 1.8 and 14.3 mg/dl. @entity644 ranged between 0.5 and 6.4 g/24 h. Seven @entity1 died due to shock or @entity548 , while 6 @entity1 were supported by hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis. Five of them had a complete recovery. Two @entity1 were discharged with some degree of @entity8 which remained stable 12-15 months later. Kidney biopsy in the first @entity1 performed 1 year after his discharge revealed some degree of @entity82 and @entity194 as well as an area with @entity63 and sclerosed glomeruli. We conclude that @entity7594 in Greece is a severe disease with a high mortality rate. The disease may cause @entity177 in a limited number of @entity1 .

title: Hemorrhagic fever with XXXX in an endemic area of Greece.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['Proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal involvement', 'renal impairment']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['interstitial fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity7594 :: ('MESH:D006480', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome', 'HFRS']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['chronic renal failure']

entities_list: @entity194 :: ('MESH:D001284', 'Disease') :: ['tubular atrophy']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['renal syndrome']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To compare echocardiography (ECHO) and radionuclide ventriculography (RVG) in the monitoring of left ventricular systolic function during @entity632 therapy in @entity706 @entity1 . DESIGN: Prospective study. SETTINGS: University hospital. SUBJECTS: A total of 28 adult @entity1 who received @entity632 to a cumulative dose of 400-500 mg m(-2). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ECHO and RVG were performed at baseline and after cumulative @entity632 doses of 200, 400 and 500 mg m(-2). RESULTS: At baseline, the mean (+/-SE) @entity1002 ( @entity1002 ) were 58 +/- 1.3, 71 +/- 1.8 and 58 +/- 1.7% as determined by RVG, M-mode ECHO and two-dimensional (2D) ECHO, respectively. After the cumulative @entity632 dose of 500 mg m(-2) @entity1002 decreased to 49.6 +/- 1.7% (RVG) (P < 0.001), 62 +/- 1.6% (M-mode) (P=0.006) and 52.5 +/- 1.3% (2D ECHO) (P=0.036). Although a significant correlation between @entity1002 determined by RVG and M-mode ECHO (r=0.615, P=0.002) and a trend between RVG and 2D ECHO (r=0.364, P=0.096) were observed, there were substantial differences in the results of individual @entity1 . In the agreement analysis using the method of Bland and Altman there was a mean difference of 12% units with the upper limit of agreement +26% units and the lower limit of agreement -2.1% units for @entity1002 determinations with M-mode ECHO and RVG, and a mean difference of 3.3% units with upper and lower limits of agreement +19.6 and -13.1% units for @entity1002 determinations with 2D ECHO and RVG, respectively. CONCLUSION: We found only a moderate agreement between left ventricular systolic function determined by ECHO and RVG methods. Thus, in the follow-up of left ventricular function in adult @entity1 during @entity632 therapy, the guidelines based on @entity1002 measurement by RVG cannot be applied to ECHO. Consequently, RVG remains the method of choice in this context.

title: Comparison of echocardiography and radionuclide ventriculography in the follow-up of left ventricular systolic function in XXXX @entity1 during @entity632 therapy.

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['LVEF', 'left ventricular ejection fractions']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['adult lymphoma']

answer: @entity706 :: (MESH:D008223,Disease) :: ['adult lymphoma']


abstract: AIM: To evaluate the costs and effectiveness of on-demand maintenance therapy with oral @entity1537 , @entity10042 , @entity4546 , @entity10112 or @entity7619 in @entity1 with endoscopy-confirmed @entity354 ( @entity354 ) in the UK. METHODS: A probabilistic model was developed to compare the costs and effectiveness of five proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) in endoscopy-negative, symptomatic @entity354 @entity1 who had complete resolution of @entity11068 following 4 weeks of open-label acute PPI treatment. The total annual expected costs ( @entity7634 , 2003 values) and utilities gained per @entity1 were measured over a 1-year horizon from the perspective of the UK NHS. Model uncertainty was addressed by sensitivity analyses. RESULTS: The base-case annual median costs and utilities gained with on-demand PPI therapy were: 123 @entity7634 and 0.89 for @entity7619 10mg; 176 @entity7634 and 0.90 for @entity10112 20mg; 190 @entity7634 and 0.89 for @entity1537 20mg; 195 @entity7634 and 0.91 for @entity10042 15mg; 201 @entity7634 and 0.90 for @entity4546 20mg; and 210 @entity7634 and 0.91 for @entity4546 10mg. Differences in costs, but not in outcomes, were statistically significant. The results were robust to sensitivity analyses. CONCLUSIONS: In this analysis, on-demand use of @entity7619 for the management of @entity354 incurred the least cost in comparison with the other PPIs evaluated. Utility gains were comparable for all on-demand PPIs. The place of on-demand PPIs in therapy, however, requires further evaluation.

title: Economic analysis of on-demand maintenance therapy with proton pump inhibitors in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1537 :: ('MESH:D064098', 'Chemical') :: ['esomeprazole']

entities_list: @entity11068 :: ('MESH:D006356', 'Disease') :: ['heartburn symptoms']

entities_list: @entity7619 :: ('MESH:C063129', 'Chemical') :: ['rabeprazole']

entities_list: @entity10042 :: ('MESH:C058687', 'Chemical') :: ['lansoprazole']

entities_list: @entity10112 :: ('MESH:C064276', 'Chemical') :: ['pantoprazole']

entities_list: @entity354 :: ('MESH:D005764', 'Disease') :: ['NERD', 'non-erosive reflux disease']

entities_list: @entity4546 :: ('MESH:D009853', 'Chemical') :: ['omeprazole']

answer: @entity354 :: (MESH:D005764,Disease) :: ['non-erosive reflux disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to examine hygiene practices and risk factors for @entity281 in the selected staff of beauty parlors and hairdressing salons. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In this study, 118 @entity1 (112 @entity1 and 6 @entity1 ), aged 18-55 years, were surveyed. The majority of the respondents (76 @entity1 ) fell within the 20-29 age group. RESULTS: Negligence in obeying some rules of work hygiene were found in the surveyed group of workers; at the same time most of the parlors and salons met legal requirements concerning sanitation and equipment hygiene. Of the total group of respondents, 53% of the staff employed in beauty parlors and hairdressing salons replied "Yes" to a question on incidents of sharp injuries during typical work activities over the last 2 years. The staff of hairdressing salons reported more accidents of this kind. CONCLUSIONS: It is necessary to teach this group of employees about hygiene and sanitary practices. The current state of affairs in this small, but quite representative occupational group shows considerable ignorance in this regard. As for sanitation and disease control, special attention must be paid to the constant observance of hygiene rules at work. In particular, hands should be kept clean, gloves should be worn and adequate microbiological cleanliness of tools should be ensured. Inspection services should pay particular attention to whether the rules of handling used materials, a potential source of @entity281 , are obeyed by workers. The results of numerous studies show that a large majority of parlors and salons to cut their operating costs do not follow relevant regulations in force. Incidents of staff exposure to potentially infectious material are usually connected with mechanical skin injuries. Contact with mucous membranes is less frequent. It should be pointed out that employees failed to wear protective gloves during incidents of exposure to potentially infectious material. Scissors, the major tool used by the staff of hairdressing salons were most frequently the cause of injuries.

title: [Knowledge, hygiene behavior and risk of XXXX in the selected staff of beauty parlors and hairdressing salons].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'people', 'men']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['bloodborne infections', 'infection']

answer: @entity281 :: (MESH:D007239,Disease) :: ['bloodborne infections']


abstract: The folding behavior of @entity291 growth hormone (bGH) is examined by chemical and pH denaturation using several spectroscopic probes of protein secondary and tertiary structure. Partially denaturing concentrations of @entity1133 eliminate the native-state quenching of intrinsic @entity2340 fluorescence, from the single protein @entity2340 , but the fluorescence emission spectrum is not red-shifted like the unfolded state, and the protein retains substantial secondary structure. A neutral-to-acid pH shift also eliminates @entity2340 quenching; however, the loss of quenching is not accompanied by an emission red-shift. In addition, the protein undergoes a pH-dependent UV absorbance transition; the changes in absorptivity have the same midpoint as the transition associated with the change in intrinsic @entity2340 fluorescence. The magnitude of the absorption transition is similar to that observed previously for @entity1133 denaturation of the protein. In a similar fashion, a pH-dependent CD transition is also observed; however, the transition occurs at a higher pH. The behavior of the various optical probes indicates that the pH-induced conformational transition produces a highly populated species in which the microenvironment surrounding the single protein @entity2340 residue resembles that observed during the @entity1133 -induced unfolding/refolding transition. The pH-induced changes in tertiary structure occur at a lower pH than the changes associated with a portion of the secondary structure. Proton NMR of the low-pH intermediate indicates that the three His and six Tyr resonances are indistinguishable from the unfolded state. The intermediate(s) observed by either chemical or pH-induced denaturation resemble(s) a molten globule state which contains significant secondary structure. The residual secondary structure present in the intermediate could be nonnative.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: pH-induced conformational states of XXXX growth hormone.

entities_list: @entity2340 :: ('CHEBI:27897', 'Chemical') :: ['tryptophan']

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['bovine']


abstract: The purpose of this research is to evaluate the potential for identifying @entity1558 and their margins on large specimen MRI, in comparison to specimen radiography and clinical dynamic contrast enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI). Breast specimens were imaged with an MR scanner immediately after surgery, with an IRB-approved protocol and with the @entity1 ' informed consent. Specimen sizes were at least 5 cm in diameter and approximately 1 to 4 cm thick. Coronal and axial gradient echo MR images without fat suppression were acquired over the whole specimens using a 9.4T animal scanner. Findings on specimen MRI were compared with findings on specimen radiograph, and their volumes were compared with measurements obtained from clinical DCE-MRI. The results showed that @entity513 ( @entity513 ) lesions were easily identified using MRI and the margins were clearly distinguishable from nearby tissue. However, @entity3821 ( @entity3821 ) lesions were not clearly discernible and were diffused with poorly defined margins on MRI. Calcifications associated with @entity3821 were visualized in all specimens on specimen radiograph. There is a strong correlation between the maximum diameter of lesions as measured by radiograph and MRI (r = 0.93), as well as the maximum diameter measured by pathology and radiograph/MRI (r>0.75). The volumes of @entity513 measured on specimen MRI were slightly smaller than those measured on DCE-MRI. Imaging of excised @entity1 breast lumpectomy specimens with high magnetic field MRI provides promising results for improvements in lesion identification and margin localization for @entity513 . However, there are technical challenges in visualization of @entity3821 . Improvements in specimen imaging are important, as they will provide additional information to standard radiographic analysis.

title: Comparing post-operative XXXX breast specimen radiograph and MRI in lesion margin and volume assessment.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity513 :: ('MESH:D044584', 'Disease') :: ['IDC', 'invasive ductal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1558 :: ('MESH:D001941', 'Disease') :: ['malignant breast lesions']

entities_list: @entity3821 :: ('MESH:D002285', 'Disease') :: ['DCIS lesions', 'ductal carcinoma in situ', 'DCIS']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: PURPOSE: The EBV latent membrane protein-1 ( @entity25062 ) is a multifunctional protein. Recently, the contribution of @entity25062 to the @entity3 of @entity189 ( @entity189 ) has been suggested. Angiogenesis is a key step for @entity3 . Thus, the association of @entity25062 to neovascularization of @entity189 was examined in this study. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: The association of @entity25062 to angiogenesis in 39 @entity1 with @entity189 was evaluated by immunohistochemical study, and then induction of angiogenic factors by @entity25062 was examined by ELISA and luciferase reporter assay. RESULTS: In an immunohistochemical study, the expression of @entity25062 was significantly correlated to microvessel counts (P = 0.0003), suggesting that @entity25062 may induce some angiogenic factors. Therefore, we studied the relationship between @entity25062 expression and @entity687 ( @entity687 ), @entity7 ( @entity7 ), and @entity540 ( @entity540 ) expression by immunohistochemical analysis. @entity687 , @entity7 , and @entity540 expression were correlated to microvessel counts, but only @entity687 expression was significantly correlated to @entity25062 expression (P < 0.0001). Transfection with @entity25062 expression plasmid induced @entity687 protein expression in @entity1 cells. The expression of @entity25062 transactivated @entity687 promoter, as demonstrated by @entity687 promoter luciferase reporter assay. Mutation of the nuclear factor kappaB responsive element in the @entity687 promoter region completely abolished transactivation by @entity25062 , whereas mutation of the activator protein responsive element did not affect promoter activity. CONCLUSION: These results suggested that @entity25062 induces expression of @entity687 through the nuclear factor kappaB binding site, which may contribute in part to angiogenesis in @entity189 .

title: Induction of XXXX by Epstein-Barr virus latent membrane protein-1 and its correlation to angiogenesis in @entity189 .

entities_list: @entity7 :: ('7422', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor', 'VEGF']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['nasopharyngeal carcinoma', 'NPC']

entities_list: @entity540 :: ('2247', 'Gene') :: ['bFGF', 'basic fibroblast growth factor']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity687 :: (3576,Gene) :: ['interleukin-8']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Community members are occasionally polled about @entity286 control policies, but are rarely given opportunities to elaborate on their views. We examined laypeople's conversations to understand how 11 regulatory options were supported or opposed in interactions. DESIGN: Qualitative design; purposive quota sampling; data collection via focus groups. SETTING: Three locations in Sydney, Australia. @entity1 : 63 smokers and 75 non-smokers, @entity1 and @entity1 , from three age groups (18-24, 35-44, 55-64 years), recruited primarily via telephone. MEASUREMENTS: Semi-structured question route; data managed in NVivo; responses compared between groups. RESULTS: Laypeople rejected some regulatory proposals and certain arguments about taxation and the cost of cessation treatments. Protecting @entity1 and hypothecating @entity286 excise for health education and care were highly acceptable. Plain packaging, banning retail displays and youth smoking prevention received qualified support. Bans on political donations from @entity286 corporations were popular in principle but considered logistically fraught. Smokers asked for better cessation assistance and were curious about cigarette ingredients. Justice was an important evaluative principle. Support was often conditional and unresolved arguments frequent. We present both sides of these conflicts and the ways in which policies were legitimised or de-legitimised in conversation. CONCLUSIONS: Simple measures of agreement used in polls may obscure the complexity of community responses to @entity286 policy. Support was frequently present but contested; some arguments that seem self-evident to advocates were not so to @entity1 . The detailed understanding of laypeople's responses provided through qualitative methods may help frame proposals and arguments to meet concerns about justice, effectiveness and feasibility.

title: Smokers and non-smokers talk about regulatory options in XXXX control.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'children', 'PARTICIPANTS', 'men']

answer: @entity286 :: (4097,Species) :: ['tobacco']


abstract: The prevalence of 55 well-defined mild errors of morphogenesis (MEMs) was determined in 100 @entity1 with @entity981 ( @entity981 ), their 80 sibs, 91 mothers, and 76 fathers. Seventy-four @entity1 were treated in P  cs (Hungary) and 26 in T  bingen (Germany). Only white Caucasian index cases were included in the study. Two-hundred @entity1 examined for acute infections served as controls. In addition, we analyzed the family history for @entity600 and @entity5 , associated major @entity600 , birth weight, birth order, and pretreatment height of the @entity1 . The results of the P  cs and T  bingen @entity1 were at first evaluated separately but since no differences were found only the cumulative data were analyzed further. A significantly increased prevalence of MEMs was found in the @entity981 @entity1 and their sibs of both sexes: their MEM/subject ratios were 1.59 and 1.51, respectively, whereas the same parameter was 0.74 in the mothers, 0.67 in the fathers and 0.69 in the controls. The same tendency was observed when familial cases and/or age-dependent MEMs were excluded and when @entity600 were evaluated separately. No association of @entity981 with specific MEMs or combinations was recorded. Family history, associated major @entity600 , parity and birth weight of the @entity1 did not differ significantly from the local reference values, whereas the pretreatment height of the male probands proved to be greater than expected.

title: Excess of mild errors of morphogenesis in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity981 :: ('MESH:D054198', 'Disease') :: ['ALL', 'acute lymphoblastic leukemia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancies']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['malformation-type and variant-type MEMs', 'malformations', 'birth defects']

answer: @entity981 :: (MESH:D054198,Disease) :: ['childhood lymphoblastic leukemia']


abstract: Mechanisms underlying @entity2416 are not well understood. This paper presents data supporting the hypothesis that microvascular endothelial cell injury and antiendothelial cell antibodies play roles in @entity1 @entity2416 . Serologic and pathologic features of 40 @entity1 diagnosed with @entity2416 were evaluated. All @entity1 had open lung biopsies indicating either usual or nonspecific @entity401 . All biopsies had morphologic evidence of @entity130 to the endothelium, and direct immunofluorescence testing revealed variable deposition of IgG, IgM, or IgA within septal microvasculature suggestive of humorally mediated @entity130 . Ultrastructural studies revealed changes of endothelial cell injury and @entity39 and evidence of repetitive episodes of @entity130 characterized by basement membrane zone collagen deposition and lamellation. Serum samples demonstrated reactivity to multiple endothelial cell antigenic epitopes, and indirect immunofluorescent testing demonstrated a prominent pattern of fluorescence in pulmonary endothelial cell preparations. Serum samples were positive in 37/40 patients for antiphospholipid antibodies with one fourth having positive lupus anticoagulant tests accompanied by @entity715 episodes. In @entity1 with @entity2416 , Factor VIII levels and @entity1851 levels were also elevated, supporting the presence of endothelial cell injury and @entity32 . These data underscore a potential role for immune-based @entity130 in the evolution of usual or nonspecific @entity401 and indicate that those @entity1 have evidence of @entity130 and endothelial cell @entity39 . The high prevalence of antiphospholipid antibodies in these @entity1 may lead to an inherent thrombophilic tendency.

title: XXXX related to endothelial injury and antiendothelial cell antibodies.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity2416 :: ('MESH:D054990', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity401 :: ('MESH:D017563', 'Disease') :: ['interstitial pneumonitis']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombotic']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['microvascular injury']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

answer: @entity2416 :: (MESH:D054990,Disease) :: ['Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Due to the intraoperative @entity2922 secretion with hemodynamic changes, a larger @entity5 size and marked neovascularization, as compared with other adrenal pathologies, endoscopic adrenalectomy for @entity1911 represents a particular challenge involving a more difficult and morbid procedure. The aim of this study was to identify the optimal surgical approach for endoscopic adrenalectomy in @entity1 with @entity1911 . METHODS: Over a period of 10 years (February 1994 to June 2004), 38 consecutive @entity1 underwent endoscopic adrenalectomy for @entity1911 . As three @entity1 underwent a bilateral procedure, a total of 41 adrenalectomies were performed. The transperitoneal approach was carried out in 23 @entity1 , whereas 18 @entity1 underwent a retroperitoneal adrenalectomy by a single operative team. Perioperative parameters were prospectively followed. RESULTS: There was no conversion to the open procedure. Intraoperative @entity101 episodes occurred in 21 @entity1 (55.3%) and were controlled by antihypertensive agents. In 11 @entity1 (28.9%), blood pressure values rose to above 200 mmHg (> 1 min). A comparison between the retroperitoneal and transperitoneal procedures did not show a significant difference between the maximum intraoperative systolic (p = 0.730) and diastolic (p = 0.663) blood pressure values although intraoperative blood pressure peaks were seen more frequently during retroperitoneal adrenalectomy. The operative time was shorter for the @entity1 who had transperitoneal adrenalectomy than compared to for those who had retroperitoneal adrenalectomy, although the difference was not significant. The intraoperative @entity190 , perioperative morbidity, and length of postoperative hospital stay did not differ significantly between the surgical techniques (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: After adequate preparation, endoscopic adrenalectomy may be performed in @entity1 with @entity1911 via both the retroperitoneal and the transperitoneal approaches. The shorter operating time, less frequent intraoperative blood pressure peaks, and the better overview of the operating field recommend the transperitoneal approach with the @entity1 placed in a lateral position as the preferred operative procedure.

title: Endoscopic adrenalectomy for XXXX : difference between the transperitoneal and retroperitoneal approaches in terms of the operative course.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity1911 :: ('MESH:D010673', 'Disease') :: ['pheochromocytoma']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity2922 :: ('CHEBI:33567', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamine']

answer: @entity1911 :: (MESH:D010673,Disease) :: ['pheochromocytoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the weekly cervical @entity3207 rates of the endocervical canal between 15 and 24 weeks' gestation in @entity1 at risk for @entity393 or @entity600 . METHODS: We performed a retrospective cohort study of transvaginal sonographic measurements of the endocervical @entity3656 done at least twice between 15 and 24 weeks' gestation in @entity1 at risk for @entity393 and @entity600 . The ultrasound diagnosis of @entity5027 was defined as progressive @entity3207 of the endocervical @entity3656 to 2 cm or less either spontaneously or after application of transfundal pressure. Multivariable linear regression models were developed to determine the weekly crude rate of endocervical @entity3207 rates in cases of competent cervices and @entity5027 , with @entity5027 further stratified as those diagnosed at 15-19 weeks' and 20-24 weeks' gestation. Comparisons of the models for weekly rate of endocervical @entity3207 were performed. RESULTS: The endocervical canal lengths were measured in 61 @entity1 (180 measurements) who did not develop ultrasound evidence of @entity5027 and 28 @entity1 (103 measurements) who had ultrasound evidence of @entity5027 . Between 15 and 24 weeks' gestation, competent cervices had a nonsignificant rate of endocervical @entity3207 (-0.03 cm/week). During this period in gestation, @entity5027 had significantly greater endocervical @entity3207 (-0.41 cm/week, P < .001). The rate of endocervical @entity3207 of @entity5027 diagnosed between 15 and 19 weeks' gestation was -0.52 cm/week (P < .001). The rate of endocervical @entity3207 in @entity5027 diagnosed between 20 and 24 weeks' gestation was significant and varied from -0.49 cm/week to -0.80 cm/week at 20 and 24 weeks' gestation, respectively (P < .001). The models describing the rate of cervical @entity3207 in the two groups of @entity5027 were significantly different (P < .001). The sonographic detection of endocervical @entity3207 in the 28 cases of @entity5027 was identified at a median (range) gestational age of 20 (16-24) weeks. CONCLUSION: Weekly rates of endocervical @entity3207 were established, which may be useful for detecting and managing @entity5027 in high-risk @entity1 examined with cervical sonography.

title: Longitudinal assessment of endocervical @entity3656 between 15 and 24 weeks' gestation in XXXX at risk for @entity393 or @entity600 .

entities_list: @entity3656 :: ('MESH:D007870', 'Disease') :: ['canal length']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['spontaneous preterm birth']

entities_list: @entity3207 :: ('MESH:C535850', 'Disease') :: ['canal length shortening', 'shortening']

entities_list: @entity5027 :: ('MESH:D002581', 'Disease') :: ['cervical incompetence', 'incompetent cervices']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['pregnancy loss']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: We have previously demonstrated that aging is associated with @entity55 in a @entity19 model of @entity130 . To further investigate these observations, we examined @entity358 , markers of neutrophil chemotaxis and adhesion, and lung endothelia responses in young and aged @entity19 following @entity130 . Analysis of lung tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid 24 hours after injury revealed that more neutrophils accumulated in the lungs of aged @entity19 (p<0.05), but did not migrate into the alveoli. We then sought to determine if accumulation of neutrophils in the lungs of aged @entity19 was due to differences in the peripheral neutrophil pool or local changes within the lung. Following @entity130 , aged @entity19 developed a pronounced peripheral blood neutrophilia (p<0.05) in comparison to their younger counterparts. In aged animals, there was a reduced frequency and mean fluorescent intensity of neutrophil @entity18510 expression (p<0.05). Interestingly, in uninjured aged @entity19 , peripheral blood neutrophils demonstrated elevated chemokinesis, or hyperchemokinesis, (p<0.05), but showed a minimal chemotatic response to KC. To determine if age impacts neutrophil adhesion molecules, we assessed @entity6232 and @entity3804 expression on peripheral blood neutrophils. No age-dependent difference in the frequency or mean fluorescent intensity of @entity6232 or @entity3804 was observed post-burn @entity130 . Examination of pulmonary vasculature adhesion molecules which interact with neutrophil selectins and integrins revealed that @entity8024 ( @entity8024 ) was elevated in aged @entity19 at 24 hours after burn as compared to young @entity19 (p<0.05). Overall, our data suggests that age-associated pulmonary congestion observed following @entity130 may be due to differences in lung endothelial adhesion responses that are compounded by elevated numbers of hyperchemokinetic circulating neutrophils in aged @entity19 .

title: Dysregulation of neutrophil @entity18510 and pulmonary endothelial XXXX promotes age-related @entity55 .

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['prolonged pulmonary inflammation']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['lung congestion']

entities_list: @entity8024 :: ('15894(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['ICAM-1', 'intracellular adhesion molecule-1']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['trauma', 'burn injury', 'thermal injury']

answer: @entity8024 :: (15894(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['icam-1']


abstract: PURPOSE: This phase II trial of induction irinotecan/ @entity136 followed by twice-weekly @entity136 and upper abdominal radiation was initiated to determine the activity of this regimen in @entity1 with unresectable @entity788 . METHODS: @entity1 with locally advanced, nonmetastatic @entity420 received 2 cycles of induction irinotecan (100 mg/m2 IV) and @entity136 (1000 mg/2 IV) on days 1 and 8 of each 3-week cycle. Following the induction, @entity1 without disease progression received @entity136 administered twice weekly (40 mg/m2/day) for 5 weeks concurrent with upper abdominal radiation (50.4 Gy over 5.5 weeks). RESULTS: From April 2000 to August 2003, 20 @entity1 were entered into this study, 17 of whom were evaluable for treatment response. Characteristics included a median age of 67 years (range, 44-87 years) and 14 @entity1 (70%). Grades III and IV hematologic @entity137 occurred in 25% and 5% of @entity1 respectively and was primarily @entity882 . No grade IV @entity344 or @entity204 due to therapy were observed. All therapy was completed in 8 @entity1 , 7 @entity1 were removed due to progression, 2 due to @entity137 , 2 refused further treatment, and 1 was removed per the treating physician. The median time to progression and median survival was 5.1 months (95% CI, 3.2-6.7) and 8.8 months (95% CI, 6.4-10.1) respectively. Four @entity1 (20%) were alive at 12 and 18 months. CONCLUSION: Induction irinotecan/ @entity136 followed by twice-weekly @entity136 and upper abdominal radiation is feasible in @entity1 with locally advanced @entity788 . This regimen, however, has only modest activity and should not be explored further.

title: Phase II trial of induction XXXX /CPT-11 followed by a twice-weekly infusion of @entity136 and concurrent external beam radiation for the treatment of locally advanced @entity788 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal toxicities']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma of the pancreas']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['gemcitabine']

answer: @entity136 :: (MESH:C056507,Chemical) :: ['gemcitabine']


abstract: AIMS: This retrospective study aimed to assess the prevalence of @entity130 in deciduous and permanent teeth among @entity1 and teenagers who attended two dental clinics in Targu Mures, Romania, between 2003 and 2011 and the correlation of their risk of @entity130 with factors, including gender, age, physical activities and extent of incisor overjet. METHODS: The study population consisted of @entity1 aged between 1 and 18 years who attended the Clinic of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics and the Clinic of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Targu Mures, in the period between January 2003 and August 2011. Their records were reviewed and the following factors, relevant to @entity130 , were recorded: gender, age, type of dentition, injury aetiology, lesion type and location, number of teeth affected, occlusion, and radiography. For @entity1 who attended the orthodontics clinic, the degree of overjet was also determined. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of @entity130 was 24.5%. The frequency of @entity130 to deciduous teeth was approximately equal for @entity1 and @entity1 , and the most for those between 1 and 2 years. In the permanent dentition, a @entity130 was more frequently found @entity1 , and the most affected age group was between 11 and 12 years, for both @entity1 and @entity1 . The most common causes were falls, in deciduous teeth especially during learning to walk, and in permanent teeth particularly during cycling or other sporting mishaps. The most frequent type of @entity130 found in the deciduous dentition was lateral luxation and in the permanent teeth it was @entity174 with the involvement of enamel and dentine, but without the exposure of the dental pulp. A positive relationship was noted between the presence of overjet associated with lip @entity337 and the frequency of @entity130 . CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of @entity130 in @entity1 and adolescents who attended the Clinic of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics and the Clinic of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Targu Mures, was broadly similar to that found in other studies. More epidemiologic studies are needed to gain a more comprehensive overview of the prevalence of @entity130 in Romania.

title: Prevalence of traumatic dental injuries in XXXX who attended two dental clinics in Targu Mures between 2003 and 2011.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'girls', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['traumatic injuries', 'dental trauma', 'trauma']

entities_list: @entity337 :: ('MESH:D001022', 'Disease') :: ['incompetence']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4760 are a major source of morbidity, limb loss, and mortality. A prolonged inflammatory response, extracellular matrix degradation irregularities, and increased bacteria presence have all been hypothesized as major contributing factors in the @entity245 of @entity6 . Collagen components such as fibroblast and keratinocytes are fundamental to the process of wound healing and skin formation. Wound dressings that contain collagen products create a biological scaffold matrix that supports the regulation of extracellular components and promotes wound healing. METHODS: A systematic review of studies reporting collagen wound dressings used in the treatment of @entity4760 was conducted. @entity1650 were run in Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, and ISI Web of Science to capture citations pertaining to the use of collagen wound dressings in the treatment of @entity4760 . The searches were limited to @entity1 studies reported in English. RESULTS: Using our search strategy, 26 papers were discussed, and included 13 randomized designs, twelve prospective cohorts, and one retrospective cohort, representing 2386 @entity1 with @entity4760 . Our design was not a formal meta-analysis. In those studies where complete epithelialization, 58% of collagen-treated wounds completely healed (weighted mean 67%). Only 23% of studies reported control group healing with 29% healing (weighted mean 11%) described for controls. CONCLUSION: Collagen-based wound dressings can be an effective tool in the healing of @entity6 . The current studies show an overall increase in healing rates despite limitations in study designs. This study suggests that future works focus on biofilms and extracellular regulation, and include high risk @entity1 .

title: Collagen-based wound dressings for the treatment of XXXX -related foot ulcers: a systematic review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic foot wounds', 'diabetic wounds']

entities_list: @entity1650 :: ('MESH:D001308', 'Disease') :: ['Comprehensive searches']

entities_list: @entity245 :: ('MESH:D002658', 'Disease') :: ['delayed healing']

entities_list: @entity4760 :: ('MESH:D017719', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic foot ulcers', 'Diabetic foot ulcers']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Although low HDL @entity165 (HDL-C) is an established risk factor for @entity731 , data on HDL-C and the risk of @entity66 are limited. We tested the association between HDL-C and @entity66 in a cohort of @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 . RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: A total of 11,140 @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 and at least one additional vascular risk factor were followed a median of 5 years. Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the association between baseline HDL-C and the development of new or worsening @entity66 , defined prospectively as a composite of renal and retinal events. RESULTS: The mean baseline HDL-C level was 1.3 mmol/L (SD 0.45 mmol/L [range 0.1-4.0]). During follow-up, 32% of @entity1 developed new or worsening @entity66 , with 28% experiencing a renal event and 6% a retinal event. Compared with @entity1 in the highest third, those in the lowest third had a 17% higher risk of @entity66 (adjusted hazard ratio 1.17 [95% CI 1.06-1.28], P = 0.001) after adjustment for potential confounders and regression dilution. This was driven by a 19% higher risk of renal events (1.19 [1.08-1.32], P = 0.0005). There was no association between thirds of HDL-C and retinal events (1.01 [0.82-1.25], P = 0.9). CONCLUSIONS: In @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 , HDL-C level is an independent risk factor for the development of @entity66 affecting the kidney but not the retina.

title: Low HDL XXXX and the risk of diabetic nephropathy and retinopathy: results of the ADVANCE study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['microvascular disease']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity165 :: (MESH:D002784,Chemical) :: ['cholesterol']


abstract: The @entity189 ( @entity189 ) delays the onset of anaphase in response to unattached kinetochores by inhibiting the activity of the Anaphase-Promoting Complex/Cyclosome ( @entity1412 /C), an E3 ubiquitin ligase. Once all the chromosomes have bioriented, @entity189 signalling is somehow silenced, which allows progression through mitosis. Recent studies suggest that the @entity1412 /C itself participates in @entity189 silencing by targeting an unknown factor for proteolytic degradation. Key evidence in favour of this model comes from the use of proTAME, a small molecule inhibitor of the @entity1412 /C. In cells, proTAME causes a @entity1167 that is @entity189 -dependent. Even though this observation comes at odds with the current view that the @entity1412 /C acts downstream of the @entity189 , it was nonetheless argued that these results revealed a role for @entity1412 /C activity in @entity189 silencing. However, we show here that the @entity1167 induced by proTAME is due to the induction of cohesion fatigue, a phenotype that is caused by the loss of sister chromatid cohesion following a prolonged metaphase. Under these conditions, the @entity189 is re-activated and @entity1412 /C inhibition is maintained independently of proTAME. Therefore, these results provide a simpler explanation for why the proTAME-induced @entity1167 is also dependent on the @entity189 . While these observations question the notion that the @entity1412 /C is required for @entity189 silencing, we nevertheless show that @entity1412 /C activity does partially contribute to its own release from inhibitory complexes, and importantly, this does not depend on proteasome-mediated degradation.

title: Cohesion fatigue explains why pharmacological inhibition of the XXXX /C induces a spindle checkpoint-dependent @entity1167 .

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['Spindle Assembly Checkpoint', 'SAC']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['mitotic arrest']

answer: @entity1412 :: (MESH:D011125,Disease) :: ['APC']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine the ability of @entity1 mononuclear cells to produce factors that cause @entity2922 secretion from adrenomedullary chromaffin cells; to determine conditions that stimulate mononuclear cells to produce such factors; and to compare these results with @entity2922 secretion in response to the cytokines @entity1192 and @entity1199 . DESIGN: Randomized, controlled, prospective study using in vitro conditions. SETTING: University research laboratory. SUBJECTS: @entity1 mononuclear cells and porcine chromaffin cells. INTERVENTIONS: Circulating @entity1 mononuclear cells were isolated and cultured overnight in RPMI media. Cell-free media from these cultures (conditioned media) were then tested for the ability to cause @entity1425 secretion from porcine chromaffin cells. Mononuclear cells were stimulated with phytohemagglutinin or by mixing cells from two different individuals while suppression was tested with @entity619 . @entity2922 secretion in response to @entity1192 and @entity1199 (50 and 500 units/well, respectively), or nicotinic agonist @entity6958 (10 microM, which mimics the action of @entity934 ), was tested for comparison. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Isolated porcine chromaffin cells had stable @entity2922 content at the time of secretion measurements, and @entity2922 release from cells into the media was measured using electrochemical detection after high-performance liquid chromatography separation. @entity2922 secretion was expressed as a percentage of the total cellular content. @entity1425 secretion due to @entity1 conditioned media was 6.9 +/- 1.0% compared with 1.4 +/- 0.6% for control media (p < .05) and 14.6 +/- 3.3% for @entity6958 (p < .05). @entity1425 secretion with conditioned media from mixed cells (mixed leukocyte reaction) was 16.6 +/- 1.2%, which was higher than the @entity1425 secretion caused by media from a single donor (6.9% +/- 1.0, p < .001). Pretreatment with @entity619 inhibited the formation of bioactive products from mixed mononuclear cell preparations. Cytokines @entity1192 and @entity1199 did not stimulate chromaffin cell @entity1425 secretion above background release with control media incubation. In all cases, @entity1063 secretion was similar to that of @entity1425 , and results are included in all figures. CONCLUSIONS: Factors released from @entity1 immune cells can mediate @entity1425 and @entity1063 release from adrenomedullary cells through a nonneural mechanism. Such immune cell factor release can be modulated by immunostimulation and steroid suppression. Release of such factors in vivo may contribute to increased circulating @entity1425 in response to infectious challenge and may be an important factor in the critically ill @entity1 .

title: @entity1 immune cells mediate XXXX secretion from adrenal chromaffin cells.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patient', 'Human']

entities_list: @entity1425 :: ('MESH:D004837', 'Chemical') :: ['epinephrine', 'Epinephrine']

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['dexamethasone']

entities_list: @entity6958 :: ('MESH:D004246', 'Chemical') :: ['dimethylphenylpiperazinium']

entities_list: @entity2922 :: ('CHEBI:33567', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamine', 'Catecholamine']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['norepinephrine']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity2922 :: (CHEBI:33567,Chemical) :: ['catecholamine']


abstract: To study @entity358 in @entity1201 , five autopsy cases were histopathologically examined. Case 1 (BL type) died of @entity177 , case 2 (LL type) of @entity583 , case 3 (TT type) and 4 (BL type) of @entity1779 and case 5 (BL type) of pancreas cancer. The mean age was 78 years old. @entity358 (case 1), old @entity66 (case 3) and metastatic @entity420 (case 5) were demonstrated. @entity891 and mild @entity2415 were seen in all cases. @entity1174 was found in all but case 4. Small foci of @entity1412 were found in cases 1 and 5. In addition, pulmonary findings of 13 outpatients with @entity1201 were roentgenologically examined. No @entity1 except one with mild @entity2415 showed any abnormality in the lung. In our cases, no characteristic @entity358 to @entity1201 was found.

title: [Pathological examination of the lung in XXXX @entity1 ].

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['tuberculous lesion']

entities_list: @entity2415 :: ('MESH:D004646', 'Disease') :: ['emphysema']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity891 :: ('MESH:D001261', 'Disease') :: ['Pulmonary congestion']

entities_list: @entity1174 :: ('MESH:D011015', 'Disease') :: ['Aspiration pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary lesion', 'Uremic lung', 'pulmonary lesions']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity1412 :: ('MESH:D011125', 'Disease') :: ['adenomatous hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral hemorrhage']

answer: @entity1201 :: (MESH:D007918,Disease) :: ['leprosy']