abstract: We present the case of a 45-year-old @entity1 , who presented to his local casualty department with severe @entity158 following an @entity167 binge, and was subsequently diagnosed with acute @entity788 . @entity39 with multiple collections ensued, necessitating transfer to an intensive care unit (ITU) in a tertiary hepatopancreaticobiliary centre. Initially, the @entity1 appeared to slowly improve and was discharged to the ward, albeit following a prolonged ITU admission. However, during his subsequent recovery, he suffered multiple episodes of haematemesis and melaena associated with @entity1344 and requiring repeat admission to the ITU. Computerised tomographic angiography, followed by visceral angiography, was used to confirm the diagnosis of multisite visceral @entity2849 , secondary to severe, necrotising @entity788 . @entity2500 were sequentially, and successfully, radiologically embolised over a period of 9 days. Subsequent sequelae of radiological embolisation included a clinically insignificant @entity1188 , and a left @entity1188 associated with subsequent enterocutaneous @entity292 formation. The @entity1 made a prolonged, but successful, recovery and was discharged from hospital after 260 days as an in- @entity1 . This case illustrates the rare complication of three separate @entity2849 , secondary to acute @entity788 , successfully managed radiologically in the same @entity1 . This case also highlights the necessity for multidisciplinary involvement in the management of @entity2849 , an approach that is often most successfully achieved in a tertiary setting.

title: The management of multi-site, bleeding, visceral XXXX , secondary to necrotising @entity788 .

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['Pancreatic necrosis']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity2500 :: ('MESH:D020244', 'Disease') :: ['Pseudoaneurysms of the splenic, left colic and gastroduodenal arteries']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['splenic infarct', 'colonic infarction']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['epigastric pain']

entities_list: @entity1344 :: ('MESH:D043171', 'Disease') :: ['haemodynamic instability']

entities_list: @entity2849 :: ('MESH:D017541', 'Disease') :: ['artery pseudoaneurysms', 'pseudoaneurysms']

answer: @entity2849 :: (MESH:D017541,Disease) :: ['artery pseudoaneurysms']


abstract: AIM: To ascertain the prevalence of germline mutations in the TSH receptor gene as a cause of juvenile @entity2743 (JT) in non-autoimmune @entity1 . TSH receptor gene mutations are not seen in autoimmune-active @entity1 . METHODS: In a nationwide study on JT, 123 @entity1 were re-examined 10 y (range 4 to 21 y) after diagnosis. Two @entity1 with toxic @entity652 were excluded. In 25 @entity1 , no TPO, TG or @entity5010 antibodies were found. In 17 @entity1 , DNA material was available for TSH receptor gene analysis. The entire TSH receptor gene was sequenced in five @entity1 . TSH receptor "hot spots" for mutations in exon 9 and 10 were sequenced in the remaining 12 @entity1 . RESULTS: A TSH receptor gene germline mutation was identified in only one @entity1 of a total number of 121 @entity1 with JT, of which 17 @entity1 were presumed to have non-autoimmune JT by the lack of thyroid autoantibodies. CONCLUSION: In Denmark the prevalence of germline mutations in the TSH receptor gene is one in 121 @entity1 with JT (0.8%; 95% CI: 0.02-4.6%) and one in 17 @entity1 with presumed non-autoimmune JT (6%; 95% CI: 5.88% (0.15-28.69)).

title: Prevalence of germline mutations in the TSH receptor gene as a cause of juvenile XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2743 :: ('MESH:D006111', 'Disease') :: ['thyrotoxicosis']

answer: @entity2743 :: (MESH:D006111,Disease) :: ['thyrotoxicosis']


abstract: Nine or 52 day old chicks were treated with daily intraperitoneal of 75 mg/kg @entity5628 for 14 days. The response of the sympathetically innervated expansor secundariorum muscle to electrical stimulation or to @entity1063 were then measured in vitro. @entity129 were examined by fluorescence histochemistry. The main effect observed 30-90 min after the last dose of @entity503 was supersensitivity to exogenous @entity1063 . This was no longer detectable from expansor muscles taken 18-24 h after the last dose of @entity503 . However, noradrenergic nerves in tissues from chronically treated chicks taken 18-24 h after the last dose of @entity503 were less fluorescent than those from control animals. Chronic @entity503 treatment reduced the body weight of chicks. There was also a reduction in the weight of the expansor muscle, due to a reduction in both muscle mass and water content. Surgical denervation increased the weight of the expansor muscle by increasing its muscle mass and abolished the fluorescence of its noradrenergic nerves 3 days after surgery. The denervated expansor muscle responded very weakly to electrical stimulation and its supersensitivity to @entity1063 was maximal 3-5 days after surgery. The denervated expansor muscle developed a lower maximum response to @entity1063 .

title: Comparison of the effects of chronic XXXX treatment and denervation on noradrenergic mechanisms.

entities_list: @entity129 :: ('MESH:D003389', 'Disease') :: ['Noradrenergic nerves']

entities_list: @entity5628 :: ('MESH:C023676', 'Chemical') :: ['chloroquine diphosphate']

entities_list: @entity503 :: ('MESH:D002738', 'Chemical') :: ['chloroquine']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['noradrenaline']

answer: @entity503 :: (MESH:D002738,Chemical) :: ['chloroquine']


abstract: The risk of @entity14 was estimated retrospectively in a cohort of @entity1 with @entity31 from three defined geographical areas (West Midlands and Oxford regions, England and Stockholm County, Sweden). The cohort consisted of 824 primary referral @entity1 with a diagnosis of @entity31 established within five years from onset of symptoms between 1945-1965. All @entity1 were 15 years of age or more at onset and they were followed for a minimum of 17 years and a maximum of 38 years. There was an eight-fold risk of developing @entity14 in the series as a whole, relative to that of the general population. In extensive @entity1960 the risk was nineteen-fold. The cumulative risk of developing @entity5 in extensive @entity1960 was 12% after 25 years of disease duration. No significant effects of the @entity5 risk for age at onset, sex or referral centre were detected. Abnormal, aneuploid DNA-content of cell nuclei in @entity14 was found in five out of 53 @entity1 with longstanding, total @entity31 in a prospective study using flow cytometric DNA-analyses. Findings of DNA-aneuploidy were found at repeated examinations in four of these @entity1 and there was a correlation with precancerous, mucosal changes ( @entity1141 ) found at histological examination. In one @entity1 DNA-aneuploidy preceded the finding of a @entity189 (Dukes' A) in the colon. Microspectrophotometry of imprint preparations from mucosal biopsies was compared to flow cytometry for detection of nuclear DNA-aneuploidy in seven @entity1 with @entity31 in a prospective study. DNA-aneuploidy was detected in five @entity1 in eight separate locations of the colon and rectum. There was a good conformity between the two methods in the detection of DNA-aneuploidy, which was detected in @entity5932 as well as in association with @entity1141 . In a fifteen year follow-up surveillance program, comprising 72 @entity1 with total @entity31 , colonoscopy was performed at fixed intervals and biopsies sampled from ten predetermined locations in the colon and rectum. Definite @entity1141 developed in 12 @entity1 , two of which had @entity189 (Dukes' A). Nine @entity1 were selected for prophylactic colectomy due to findings of @entity1141 . A sequential development of @entity1141 was found in seven @entity1 . The cumulative risk of developing at least low grade @entity1141 was 14% after 25 years of disease duration. Using flow cytometry, DNA-aneuploidy was detected in 12 out of 59 @entity1 , significantly correlating with low and high grade @entity1141 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: Studies in longstanding @entity31 with special reference to XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative colitis']

entities_list: @entity5932 :: ('MESH:C565008', 'Disease') :: ['non-dysplastic mucosa']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal carcinoma', 'colorectal cancer', 'colorectal mucosal biopsies']

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['dysplasia']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['malignant transformation of the colorectal mucosa']


abstract: The purpose of this study was to clarify the prognostic significance of transfusion following pancreatoduodenectomy for @entity5 . We analyzed 357 @entity5 from 1985 to 1997 ( @entity5 130 cases, @entity1126 141 cases, @entity788 86 cases). A total of 215 (60%) of the 357 @entity1 have received intraoperative transfusion. The 5-year survival rate of 130 @entity5 @entity1 was 59%; altogether, 76 @entity1 (58%) underwent intraoperative transfusion. The 5-year survival rate of @entity1 without intraoperative transfusion was 79%, whereas that of @entity1 with a transfusion was 47% (p = 0.029). Following multivariate analysis, intraoperative transfusion was found to be an independent poor prognostic factor for those with @entity5 (relative risk 2.174). Among those with common @entity1126 , the overall 5-year survival rate was 33%, and the 5-year survival rates for @entity1 with (n = 87) or without (n = 54) transfusion were 25% and 38%, respectively, which did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.0717). For those with @entity788 , the overall 5-year survival rate was 16%, and there was no survival difference between transfused (n = 52) and untransfused (n = 34) @entity1 . In the present study the reason was not clear, although intraoperative transfusion was an independent significant prognostic factor for @entity5 . Careful dissection to minimize @entity954 is mandatory during pancreatoduodenectomy for @entity5 .

title: Intraoperative transfusion: is it a real prognostic factor of XXXX following pancreatoduodenectomy?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic head cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['periampullary cancers', 'ampullary cancer']

entities_list: @entity1126 :: ('MESH:D001650', 'Disease') :: ['distal bile duct cancer', 'bile duct cancer']

entities_list: @entity954 :: ('MESH:D016063', 'Disease') :: ['intraoperative bleeding']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['periampullary cancer']


abstract: A comparative study on the induction of @entity146 ( @entity146 ) in response to pups was carried out in cyclic and androgenized @entity35 . Moreover, the effects of exposure to ovarian hormones on the induction of @entity146 in response to pups were studied in cyclic and androgenized @entity35 . A high percentage of androgenized and proestrus @entity35 displayed @entity146 after 48 hr of exposure to pups (87.9% and 87.5% respectively). Diestrus day-1 @entity35 were significantly less maternal (37.5%). Ovariectomy did not impair @entity146 in androgenized rats. High serum @entity1420 levels induced in androgenized @entity35 by treatment with 10 I.U. of @entity6740 (40 hours before pup presentation) or with @entity1420 silastic implants prevented the onset of @entity146 . Ovariectomy performed 8 hours before @entity6740 administration restored @entity146 . When behavioral testing began 72 hours after @entity6740 treatment, 75% of the @entity35 were maternal 12 hr after exposure to pups. This rapid onset of @entity146 in proestrus and androgenized @entity35 appeared to be @entity172 dependent. The presence of @entity1420 inhibited the maternal response of androgenized @entity35 .

title: Maternal behavior in cyclic and androgenized female XXXX : role of ovarian hormones.

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['maternal behavior', 'MB']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity15461 has an important role in development of @entity453 . A functional variant of @entity15461 gene (kl-vs) has been found as an independent risk factor for early-onset occult @entity453 ( @entity453 ) in previous studies. The Frequency of this variant was not known in Iranian population. We have examined the allele frequency of the kl-vs variant in a case-control study in an Iranian population. METHODS AND RESULTS: Genotyping for kl-vs variant was carried out in N=107 individuals including N=54 cases and N=53 control who all underwent coronary angiogram for @entity453 evaluation. @entity1 with >50% stenosis in vessels considered as case groups (or @entity453 <formula>^{+}</formula>) and @entity1 with normal vessels (or @entity453 <formula>^{-}</formula>) as controls. The frequency of kl-vs variant was determined in these @entity1 using PCR-RFLP technique. None of the individual was carrying the kl-vs mutation in our samples. The frequency of kl-vs mutation was significantly different from previous studies in different populations. CONCLUSION: The kl-vs variant seems to be scare found in the Iranian population in comparison to other populations reported previously. @entity15461 gene might be a candidate gene of @entity731 in some populations but not in Iranian population. Further studies are required to examine the frequency of kl-vs variant in other populations from the Middle East.

title: Absence of kl-vs variant of @entity15461 gene in Iranian cardiac XXXX (comparison to the world populations).

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['CAD', 'coronary artery disease', 'coronary artery (CAD) disease']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: e13550 Background: Epigenetic regulation is critical in normal growth and development. In @entity0 , epigenetic changes are involved in pathogenesis and progression. Those epigenetic changes are potentially reversible. In a proof-of-concept study of demethylating @entity2514 , plus the HDAC inhibitor @entity1092 , added to neoadjuvant AC in locally advanced @entity0 shows gene reactivation in primary @entity5 , with safe profile. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of epigenetic therapy plus chemotherapy vs. placebo plus chemotherapy in terms of pathologic complete response (pCR). METHODS: We conducted a double blind, randomized, phase II trial; we included @entity1 with operable and locally advanced @entity0 , with ECOG 0-1. @entity1 with @entity1722 overexpression were excluded. @entity1 received epigenetic therapy or placebo for 1 week, after that 4 cycles of @entity7366 followed by weekly @entity1311 for 12 weeks. At the end of chemotherapy surgery was done. Protocolo was approved by local ethics committee. RESULTS: 33 @entity1 were included, 16 @entity1 received chemotherapy plus placebo and 17 received chemotherapy plus epigenetic therapy, median age at diagnosis was 47 years-old (range 33-65), they were well balanced according clinical stage, hormone receptors status and histological characteristics. After neoadjuvant therapy, four @entity1 were considered inoperable, one in placebo arm and 3 in experimental arm (NS), pCR was reached in 7 @entity1 (70%) in placebo arm vs. 3 @entity1 (30%) in experimental arm without statistical significance. None of them developed serious adverse events. CONCLUSIONS: The addition of epigenetic therapy to conventional chemotherapy does not increase the pCR. We need to identify responders @entity1 according epigenetic profile.

title: Randomized, double blind, phase II trial: Epigenetic therapy ( XXXX and @entity2514 ) plus chemotherapy versus placebo plus neoadjuvant chemotherapy in operable and locally advanced @entity0 .

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity1092 :: ('MESH:D014635', 'Chemical') :: ['magnesium valproate']

entities_list: @entity2514 :: ('MESH:D006830', 'Chemical') :: ['hydralazine']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

answer: @entity1092 :: (MESH:D014635,Chemical) :: ['valproic acid']


abstract: To identify a radionuclide-free, @entity1566 ( @entity1566 ) population-specific method for estimating renal function utilizing the total body clearance of @entity801 as a measure of @entity1011 clearance (CL(cr)) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR). To incorporate @entity1566 population-specific @entity1 variables into a predictive model for estimating CLcr and GFR. A retrolective study of @entity801 clearance as a measure of GFR in @entity1 with @entity1566 . Each @entity1 had received a single, intravenous dose of @entity801 . Simultaneously, a 24-hour @entity1011 clearance (CL(cr-24)) was obtained. Experimentally measured total body clearance of a single intravenous administration of @entity801 (CL(gent-iv)) was estimated from PK analyses of @entity801 disposition in @entity1 with @entity1566 . Comparisons were made between CL(gent-iv) and predictors of GFR derived from a @entity1566 population-specific nomogram ( @entity1566 -psn), the method of Cockcroft and Gault (C-G), CL(cr-24), and a multiplicative statistical model. A multiplicative model, calculated @entity801 clearance (CL(gent-calc)), that incorporates @entity1566 population-specific characteristics to predict CL(cr-24) and GFR was derived from a multivariate nonlinear regression analysis, and the strengths of association between CL(gent-iv) and CL(gent-calc), and estimates of GFR derived from the method of C-G, @entity1566 -psn, and CL(cr-24) were tested. The best predictive performance was demonstrated for CL(gent-iv) and the multiplicative model, CL(gent-calc), when tested against CL(cr-24) or the @entity1566 -psn, supporting our premise that CL(gent-iv) can be used to estimate GFR in @entity1566 . CL(gent-iv) and CL(gent-calc) outperformed CL(cr-24), the method of C-G, and the @entity1566 -psn as predictors of GFR. The multiplicative model produced estimates of CL(gent-iv) which were more precise and less biased than CL(cr-24), the standard radiation-free predictor of GFR in @entity1 with @entity1566 , the @entity1566 -psn, and the C-G equation. In this preliminary study, the clearance of @entity801 administered intravenously, CL(gent-iv), correlated highly with simultaneously measured CL(cr-24). CL(gent-iv) and our predictive model, CL(gent-calc), are more precise and less biased predictors of GFR in @entity1566 than CL(cr-24). CL(gent-iv) and CL(gent-calc) seem to be clinically useful alternatives to CL(cr-24), the method of C-G, and the @entity1566 -psn.

title: Single-dose @entity801 clearance is a predictor of @entity1011 clearance in spinal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1566 :: ('MESH:D013119', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord injury', 'SCI']

entities_list: @entity801 :: ('MESH:D005839', 'Chemical') :: ['gentamicin']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['man']


abstract: Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamin; 5-HT) content has been measured using high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection (HPLC-ECD). The distributions of 5-HT-containing cells and 5-HT3 receptors have been determined with specific antibodies against 5-HT and 5-HT3 receptors, respectively. The effect of serotonin on acid secretion has been studied using an isolated @entity35 stomach model. It has been shown that 5-HT concentrations in the fundus, mucosal layers of the corpus, remaining layer of the corpus and antrum are approximately 152, 498, 1494 and 972 nmol/mg protein, respectively. The distribution of 5-HT-containing cells is concentrated in the enteric plexus and enterochromaffin (EC) cells in the deep mucosal layer. Immunoreactivity to 5-HT3 receptors is localized in numerous neurons of the myenteric and submucosal plexus and concentrated in the neuronal plasma membrane, @entity4903 . In the present study, the effect of 5-HT on gastric acid secretion was investigated on an everted preparation of isolated @entity35 stomach. 5-HT at 1-100 microM reduced acid secretion stimulated by oxotremorine while 10 microM 5-HT did not modify the basal secretion of gastric acid. We further showed that 10 microM 5-HT reduced acid secretion and pepsin output stimulated by oxotremorine, histamine and pentagastrin; among the 5-HT receptors agonists tested, 2-methyl-5-HT (1-10 microM), a @entity5376 agonist, inhibited oxotremorine-, histamine- and pentagastrin-stimulated acid secretions, and this inhibitory effect was blocked by 1 microM MDL 72222, a specific @entity5376 antagonist. These results suggest that 5-HT is released from serotoninergic neurons, their processes and EC cells. The effect of 5-HT mediated by 5-HT3 receptors involves distinct neuronal and non-neuronal pathways which modulate gastric acid secretion.

title: Effects of serotonin on acid secretion in isolated XXXX stomach: the role of 5-HT3 receptors.

entities_list: @entity4903 :: ('MESH:D004700', 'Disease') :: ['submucosa, endocrine cells and lamina propria']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: The aim of this work was to examine the effect of an insulin infusion on @entity443 levels as well as the relationship between @entity443 levels and insulin sensitivity. Acute insulin infusion was used with the insulin- @entity413 clamp technique. The subjects were 14 consecutive well-characterized hyperandrogenic @entity6 @entity1 without biological and echographic symptoms of @entity3610 . @entity1386 and fat distribution were assessed respectively by the body mass index (BMI: 38.7 +/- 1.6 kg/m2) and by the waist hip ratio (WHR: 0.91 +/- 0.01). @entity3428 was evidenced by hirsutism and serum @entity251 greater than 2.8 nM. Circulating @entity443 levels were determined in the fasting state by RIA. Insulin sensitivity was assessed using the euglycemic hyperinsulinemic @entity413 clamp technique with three incremental doses of insulin. Seven non- @entity28 non-hyperandrogenic subjects (BMI: 21.0 +/- 0.6 kg/m2) served as controls for the study of the insulin resistance state. Because of supraphysiological insulin infusion rates (40, 100, and 350 mU/min.m2, each dose for 2 h), insulin sensitivity was mainly studied at peripheral level. We calculated the Km, i.e. the ED50 of the dose-response curve, the @entity413 disposal rate, and the maximal @entity413 disposal rate per U insulin (M/I). The @entity28 subjects exhibited marked insulin resistance. @entity443 levels, although already in the lower half of normal in the basal state, decreased from 34.8 +/- 3.4 nmol/l to 29.7 +/- 3.3 nmol/l (P = 0.001; normal values are 18-83 nmol/l).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Relationship between insulin sensitivity and circulating sex hormone-binding globulin levels in XXXX @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity3610 :: ('MESH:D011085', 'Disease') :: ['polycystic ovary syndrome']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['non-diabetic obese']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['hyperandrogenic obese', 'obese']

entities_list: @entity3428 :: ('MESH:D017588', 'Disease') :: ['Hyperandrogenism']

entities_list: @entity1386 :: ('MESH:D018205', 'Disease') :: ['Adiposity']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['hyperandrogenic obese']


abstract: Microsurgical @entity3892 (MESA) and @entity52 ( @entity52 ) were found to offer limited opportunity for fatherhood to 45 @entity1 with obstructive @entity3893 , due principally to poor embryo implantation. Adequate sperm preparations were obtained in 46/50 treatment cycles (92%), with the best motility found in the caput epididymis in 89% of cases. The mean fertilization rate was 11.2% and fertilization occurred in 23 cycles (50%), with embryo transfer arising from 12/26 @entity1 with vas @entity3894 ( @entity3895 ), 4/9 with genital tract obstruction (EV) and 7/11 with irreversible vasectomy (VV). The overall implantation rate was low, 8.7% per embryo transfer (11.7% per 2-3 embryo transfers) and was not improved by Fallopian transfer. There were two pregnancies (4% per cycle), both in the EV group where embryo formation and implantation (2/4, 50% per cycle) were optimum even though sperm preparations were @entity2121 inferior to the @entity3895 and VV groups. The spermatozoa retrieved in the two successful EV cycles were appreciably blood contaminated. Analysis of the 21 failed embryo transfers showed delayed fertilization in 10 cycles, @entity1577 ( @entity1577 ) mutation or @entity74 in 7/12 @entity3895 @entity1 and the VV @entity1 were older (P < 0.001). A pregnancy which miscarried arose from a case of @entity3896 , a carrier of @entity1577 mutation DF508. Male factors could thus be implicated in the high embryo wastage of MESA cycles and might also be influencing implantation in other @entity52 procedures. Where feasible, male reconstructive surgery is preferable unless fertilization can be improved, possibly by speedier retrieval techniques or by permitting sperm capacitation in vitro, but probably more effectively by micro-assisted insemination.

title: Factors influencing the outcome of XXXX with @entity3892 in irreversible obstructive @entity3893 .

entities_list: @entity1577 :: ('MESH:D003550', 'Disease') :: ['CF', 'cystic fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity3892 :: ('MESH:D004823', 'Disease') :: ['epididymal sperm aspiration']

entities_list: @entity3896 :: ('MESH:C536718', 'Disease') :: ["Young's syndrome"]

entities_list: @entity2121 :: ('MESH:D019320', 'Disease') :: ['paradoxically']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['familial disease']

entities_list: @entity3893 :: ('MESH:D053713', 'Disease') :: ['azoospermia']

entities_list: @entity52 :: ('MESH:C566179', 'Disease') :: ['in-vitro fertilization', 'IVF']

answer: @entity52 :: (MESH:C566179,Disease) :: ['in-vitro fertilization']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of topical 0.005% @entity1140 eye drop for treatment of @entity5902 ( @entity5902 ). METHODS: This prospective study included 20 eyes of 10 @entity1 with refractory @entity5902 , who had active symptomatic disease despite conventional medications including topical @entity230 . After discontinuing all other medications, @entity1 were treated with topical 0.005% @entity1140 eye drop four times a day. Changes in subjective symptoms and objective signs after treatment were evaluated, and development of possible complications was assessed. RESULTS: Mean age of @entity1 was 21.3  7.4 years and mean duration of @entity5902 was 12.1  5.8 years. After starting @entity1140 eye drop, @entity1 were followed for a mean duration of 10.7  3.7 months (range, 6-15 months). All symptoms including itching, redness, photosensitivity, @entity1109 , and mucus discharge improved after the treatment; itching was the first symptom to show dramatic relief. In addition, there was improvement in objective signs including conjunctival hyperaemia, conjunctival papillary @entity1184 , @entity1829 , limbal @entity1184 , @entity2687 ; conjunctival hyperaemia was the first sign to show improvement. No @entity1 required addition of other medications including @entity230 for further relief. Any attempt to discontinue @entity1140 eye drop was associated with recurrence of @entity1 ' symptoms and signs, necessitating continued use of the medication during the entire follow-up time. No ocular complication related to @entity1140 was noted. CONCLUSION: Topical 0.005% @entity1140 eye drop seemed to be a safe and effective treatment for @entity134 -resistant refractory @entity5902 ; however, long-term use was needed to control the disease.

title: Topical 0.005% XXXX eye drop for @entity5902 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['foreign body sensation']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity1829 :: ('MESH:D010211', 'Disease') :: ['giant papillae']

entities_list: @entity2687 :: ('MESH:D003316', 'Disease') :: ['corneal punctate epithelial erosions, and corneal pannus']

entities_list: @entity1140 :: ('MESH:D016559', 'Chemical') :: ['tacrolimus']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity5902 :: ('MESH:D003233', 'Disease') :: ['VKC', 'refractory vernal keratoconjunctivitis']

answer: @entity1140 :: (MESH:D016559,Chemical) :: ['tacrolimus']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Bile duct strictures remain a major source of morbidity after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). Endoscopic management by the conventional methods of @entity384 and/or stent placement has been successful, but sometimes severe complications occur, necessitating prolonged therapy. The aim of this study is to clarify the complications of the endoscopic approach for @entity384 and/or stent placement. METHOD: Of 46 @entity1 who underwent living-donor liver transplantation, 10 were diagnosed as having anatomic @entity253 by @entity10747 ( @entity10747 ). Two @entity1 developing @entity253 after deceased-donor liver transplantation were also enrolled in the study. For the purpose of comparison, 302 @entity1 with a total of 550 consecutive @entity10747 cases (including 115 @entity1 with 250 malignant bile duct strictures) were recruited in this study. Success rate, number of endoscopy sessions, the median procedure time for @entity10747 , and incidence of complications including post- @entity10747 @entity788 were compared in the OLT cases and other cases. RESULTS: The following results were obtained in the OLT cases, malignant stricture cases, and all cases, respectively: mean number of endoscopy sessions was 3.62, 2.17, and 1.94 (P  =  0.0216, P  <  0.0001); post- @entity10747 @entity788 occurred in 5 (12.5%), 10 (4.0%), and 19 cases (3.5%) (P  =  0.0327, P  =  0.0093); and severe @entity788 occurred in 2 cases of OLT. In a univariate analysis for post- @entity10747 @entity788 , OLT was extracted as the only significant risk factor. CONCLUSIONS: Endoscopic maneuvering for @entity384 and/or stent placement following OLT was associated with a higher risk of post- @entity10747 @entity788 than the use of the same technique for the treatment of @entity5 . Endoscopic treatment after OLT was a significant risk factor for post- @entity10747 @entity788 .

title: Complications of the treatment of XXXX developing after liver transplantation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity10747 :: ('MESH:D012183', 'Disease') :: ['endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography', 'ERCP']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant biliary stricture']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['endoscopic dilatation', 'biliary dilatation']

entities_list: @entity253 :: ('MESH:D001660', 'Disease') :: ['biliary strictures']

answer: @entity253 :: (MESH:D001660,Disease) :: ['endoscopic biliary strictures']


abstract: Soluble @entity2936 ligand (sCD40L) derived from platelets mediates atherothrombosis, leading to proinflammatory and proatherosclerotic responses. We investigated the predictive value of plasma sCD40L for all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality and morbidity, progression towards @entity454 ( @entity454 ) and rate of decline in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in @entity1 with type 1 @entity6 (T1DM) and @entity8 . The study was a prospective, observational follow-up study of 443 T1DM @entity1 with @entity2316 (274 @entity1 ; age 42.1    10.5 years [mean    SD], duration of @entity6 28.3    8.9 years, GFR 76    33 ml/min/1.73 m2) and a control group of 421 @entity1 with longstanding type 1 @entity6 and persistent normoalbuminuria (232 @entity1 ; age 45.4    11.5 years, duration of @entity6 27.7    10.1 years) at baseline. sCD40L was measured by ELISA. Plasma sCD40L levels were higher in @entity1 with @entity2316 compared to normoalbuminuric @entity1 (median (range) 1.54 (0.02-13.38) vs. 1.30 (0.04-20.65)   g/L, respectively p = 0.004). The @entity1 were followed for 8.1 (0.0-12.9) years (median (range)). Among normoalbuminuric @entity1 , sCD40L levels did not predict all-cause mortality (p = 0.33) or combined fatal and non-fatal @entity65 ( @entity65 ) (p = 0.27). Similarly, among @entity1 with @entity2316 , the covariate adjusted sCD40L levels did not predict all-cause mortality (p = 0.86) or risk of fatal and non-fatal @entity65 (p = 0.08). Furthermore, high levels of sCD40L did not predict development of @entity454 (p = 0.85) nor rate of decline in GFR (p = 0.69). Plasma sCD40L is elevated in T1DM @entity8 but is not a predictor of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality and morbidity or deterioration of kidney function

title: Soluble @entity2936 ligand is elevated in type 1 XXXX but not predictive of mortality, cardiovascular events or kidney function.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['nephropathy']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity2316 :: ('MESH:D003928', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic nephropathy']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['CVD', 'cardiovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage renal disease', 'ESRD']

answer: @entity2316 :: (MESH:D003928,Disease) :: ['diabetic nephropathy']


abstract: 1. @entity551 ( @entity551 ) changes during natural sleep of @entity35 with mild @entity4815 ( @entity551 less than 160 mmHg) were similar to those of normotensive @entity35 . No significant change in @entity551 was observed in 35 episodes of @entity25 ( @entity25 ) but a significant increase (6.2 +/- 1.4 mmHg) was detected in 23 episodes of @entity25 ( @entity25 ). 2. @entity35 with severe @entity4815 ( @entity551 greater than 160 mmHg) behaved more like @entity35 with sinoaortic denervation. @entity551 increased significantly (6.1 +/- 1.4 mmHg) in 40 episodes of @entity25 studied in 8 @entity35 . In 6 of these @entity35 @entity551 decreased during @entity25 , while in the other 2 it increased. When all 39 episodes of @entity25 were considered, the decrease in @entity551 (2.2 +/- 1.5 mmHg) was not statistically significant. 3. Sinoaortic denervation increased the @entity551 of 3 @entity35 with mild @entity4815 from 154 +/- 4 to 181 +/- 21 mmHg. In 30 episodes of @entity25 @entity551 increased (19.0 +/- 3.0 mmHg) and in 16 episodes of @entity25 , @entity551 decreased markedly (27.0 +/- 5.0 mmHg). 4. These data suggest that @entity35 with severe @entity4815 have altered baroreceptor function during natural sleep that is probably due to modification of the central integration of the baroreceptor reflex.

title: Baroreceptor function during natural sleep in @entity35 with mild and severe XXXX .

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['Mean arterial pressure', 'MAP']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['synchronized sleep', 'desynchronized sleep', 'SS', 'DS']

entities_list: @entity4815 :: ('MESH:D006977', 'Disease') :: ['renal hypertension']

answer: @entity4815 :: (MESH:D006977,Disease) :: ['renal hypertension']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To perform a detailed magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) analysis of the hands of @entity1 with @entity13144 ( @entity13144 ) secondary to @entity1252 ( @entity1252 ). METHODS: The hand with more @entity85 compatible with @entity13144 from a group of @entity1252 @entity1 was examined by 1.5-T MRI. The protocol included coronal, sagittal, and axial turbo-spin-echo images before and after the administration of contrast medium. The presence of @entity603 , @entity4 , @entity2681 , cysts, and @entity2762 in the carpometacarpal, metacarpophalangeal, and proximal interphalangeal joints were scored based on a modified Outcome Measures in Rheumatology recommendations. RESULTS: Twenty @entity1252 @entity1 , (19 @entity1 and one @entity1 ) with median age of 44.7 years (range: 20-76 years), median disease duration of 14.7 years (range: 5-26 years), and median @entity625 duration of 13.7 years (range: 4-26 years) were studied. Of the 300 joints evaluated, 202 (67.3%) had some degree of @entity603 . Sixteen out of 300 examined joints (5.3%) small areas of @entity2681 were seen in 10 out of the 20 @entity1 (50%). @entity4 was found in eight out of the 20 (40%) @entity1 or a total of 18 joints (6%). A total of 200 compartments tendons were evaluated, and changes were found in 77 (38.5%) of them. In four out of the 20 @entity1 , the MRI revealed @entity2001 . CONCLUSIONS: The MRI seems to be a non-invasive diagnostic tool in @entity1 with @entity13144 secondary to @entity1252 , and may contribute to understanding the mechanism involved in the development of this deformity.

title: Magnetic resonance imaging of XXXX in @entity1252 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'man']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['arthritis']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['Subchondral bone edema', 'edema']

entities_list: @entity1252 :: ('MESH:D008180', 'Disease') :: ['SLE', 'systemic lupus erythematosus']

entities_list: @entity603 :: ('MESH:D013585', 'Disease') :: ['synovitis']

entities_list: @entity13144 :: ('MESH:D001177', 'Disease') :: ["Jaccoud's arthropathy", 'JA']

entities_list: @entity2001 :: ('MESH:D001845', 'Disease') :: ['bone cysts']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['expressive deformities']

entities_list: @entity2762 :: ('MESH:D013717', 'Disease') :: ['tenosynovitis']

answer: @entity13144 :: (MESH:D001177,Disease) :: ['Jaccoud's arthropathy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) decrease airway @entity1712 , @entity1224 ( @entity1224 ), and remodeling in @entity19 models of acutely induced @entity565 . We hypothesized that MSCs would diminish these hallmark features in a chronic feline @entity565 model. OBJECTIVE: To document effects of allogeneic, adipose-derived MSCs on airway @entity32 , @entity1224 ( @entity1224 ), and remodeling over time and investigate mechanisms by which MSCs alter local and systemic immunologic responses in chronic experimental feline @entity56 . METHODS: @entity468 with chronic, experimentally-induced @entity565 received six intravenous infusions of MSCs (0.36-2.5X10E7 MSCs/infusion) or placebo bimonthly at the time of study enrollment. @entity468 were evaluated at baseline and longitudinally for one year. Outcome measures included: bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cytology to assess airway @entity1712 ; pulmonary mechanics and clinical scoring to assess @entity1224 ; and thoracic computed tomographic (CT) scans to assess structural changes (airway remodeling). CT scans were evaluated using a scoring system for lung attenuation (LA) and bronchial wall thickening (BWT). To assess mechanisms of MSC action, immunologic assays including allergen-specific IgE, cellular @entity14805 production, and allergen-specific lymphocyte proliferation were performed. RESULTS: There were no differences between treatment groups or over time with respect to airway @entity1712 or @entity1224 . However, significantly lower LA and BWT scores were noted in CT images of MSC-treated animals compared to placebo-treated @entity468 at month 8 of the study (LA p=0.0311; BWT p=0.0489). No differences were noted between groups in the immunologic assays. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: When administered after development of @entity56 , MSCs failed to reduce airway @entity32 and @entity1224 . However, repeated administration of MSCs at the start of study did reduce computed tomographic measures of airway remodeling by month 8, though the effect was not sustained at month 12. Further study of MSC therapy including repeated MSC administration is warranted to assess impact on remodeling in chronic @entity565 .

title: Long term evaluation of mesenchymal stem cell therapy in a feline model of chronic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1712 :: ('MESH:D004802', 'Disease') :: ['eosinophilia']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['chronic allergic feline asthma', 'allergic asthma']

entities_list: @entity1224 :: ('MESH:D000402', 'Disease') :: ['AHR', 'airway hyperresponsiveness']

answer: @entity56 :: (MESH:D004342,Disease) :: ['allergic asthma']


abstract: The activation of Janus protein @entity669 kinases (JAKs) and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) proteins by @entity1199 , the @entity3027 was explored in @entity1 peripheral blood-derived T cells and the @entity1619 cell line Kit225. An @entity1199 -induced increase in @entity19904 and @entity7803 , but not @entity4016 or @entity9705 , @entity669 phosphorylation was observed. In contrast, no induction of @entity669 phosphorylation of JAKs was detected upon stimulation of the @entity6057 . @entity3027 induced the @entity669 phosphorylation of @entity19904 and @entity9705 , but not @entity4016 or @entity7803 . @entity3027 activated @entity6897 , @entity17619 and @entity4104 in T cells, but no detectable activation of these STATs was induced by @entity1199 . However, @entity1199 regulates the DNA binding and @entity669 phosphorylation of two STAT-like protein complexes which do not include @entity6897 , @entity17619 or @entity4104 . @entity7116 is not activated by @entity1199 . The activation of @entity11715 cannot be excluded, so the @entity1199 -activated complexes most probably include at least one novel STAT. No STAT activity was detected in @entity6057 -stimulated lymphocytes, indicating that the JAK/STAT pathway defined in this study constitutes an @entity2902 -mediated signaling event which is not shared by the @entity6057 . Finally, in other cell types the correlation between @entity19904 activation and the induction of @entity6897 has suggested that @entity19904 may activate @entity6897 . The observation that @entity1199 and @entity3027 activate @entity19904 to a comparable degree, but only @entity3027 activates @entity6897 , indicates that @entity19904 activation is not the only determining factor for @entity6897 activation. Moreover, the data show that @entity19904 stimulation is also not sufficient for @entity4104 activation.

title: Activation of JAK kinases and STAT proteins by @entity1199 and interferon alpha, but not the XXXX , in @entity1 T lymphocytes.

entities_list: @entity1619 :: ('MESH:D015458', 'Disease') :: ['leukemic T']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

entities_list: @entity3027 :: ('3439', 'Gene') :: ['IFN alpha', 'T cell antigen receptor (TCR) and interferon (IFN) alpha']

answer: @entity6057 :: (6962,Gene) :: ['T cell antigen receptor']


abstract: PURPOSE: To describe the use of the Boston ocular surface prosthesis (BOSP) to successfully treat a persistent corneal epithelial defect (PCED) after herpes zoster ophthalmicus that was minimally responsive to conventional therapies. METHODS: A case report. RESULTS: A 44-year-old @entity1 who developed a PCED in the @entity6435 was treated with conventional therapies, including topical difluprednate opthalmic emulsion, 0.05% @entity205 ophthalmic emulsion, topical autologous plasma, and oral @entity3403 . @entity1346 plugs were inserted in the right upper and lower puncta. An 18-mm therapeutic hydrogel contact lens was placed in the right eye. After 4 weeks of this treatment, double layer amniotic membrane transplantation and temporary lateral tarsoraphy were performed. Ten days after the procedure, the amniotic membrane had dissolved and the tarsorrhaphy was opened. Because only partial healing of the corneal epithelial defect was observed, the @entity1 was fit with the BOSP that he wore all waking hours. A soft contact lens was worn overnight after the BOSP was removed. Rapid reepithelization was observed within the week after starting the BOSP. The epithelial defect completely healed after 3 weeks, and the uncorrected visual acuity in the right eye improved to 20/50. CONCLUSIONS: The BOSP should be considered as an important treatment option for management of PCEDs in eyes with altered corneal sensitivity.

title: The successful use of Boston ocular surface prosthesis in the treatment of persistent corneal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity6435 :: ('MESH:D006563', 'Disease') :: ['right eye after herpes zoster ophthalmicus']

entities_list: @entity3403 :: ('MESH:D004318', 'Chemical') :: ['doxycycline']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporine']

entities_list: @entity1346 :: ('MESH:D012828', 'Chemical') :: ['Silicone']

answer: @entity6435 :: (MESH:D006563,Disease) :: ['epithelial defect after herpes zoster ophthalmicus']


abstract: A plant's physiology is modified simultaneously with Oomycete pathogen penetration, starting with release and accumulation of reactive @entity26 species (ROS). Localisation of @entity224 , @entity273 , peroxidase and variation in their activity, and the isoenzyme profile of antioxidant enzymes peroxidase (1.11.1.7), catalase (EC 1.11.1.6), @entity224 dismutase (EC 1.15.1.1) were studied in six genotypes of four Lactuca spp. ( @entity12681 . serriola, L. saligna and L. virosa) challenged with Bremia lactucae (race NL16). These factors were related to the differential expression of resistance during the course of 96h after inoculation (hai). Accumulation of @entity273 in infected cells together with enhanced activity of @entity274 -scavenging enzymes in leaf extracts characterised resistant Lactuca spp. genotypes 6-12hai, and peaked at 48-96hai with expression of a hypersensitive reaction. Substantial changes of @entity12682 peroxidase activity were detected only in the cytosolic enzyme; activities of the membrane-bound and the ion-bound enzymes were insignificant in the interactions of host genotypes and pathogen isolate examined. The most significant modifications of ROS metabolism were found in resistant L. virosa (NVRS 10.001 602), a genotype responding to pathogen ingress by a rapid and extensive hypersensitive reaction. Formation of the @entity224 anion was not detected in either susceptible or resistant plants, and there was also no increase of @entity224 dismutase activity or changes in its isozyme profile. The significance of precise balancing the intracellular level of @entity273 for variability of phenotypic expression of responses to B. lactucae infection in Lactuca spp. is discussed.

title: Localisation and metabolism of reactive @entity26 species during Bremia lactucae pathogenesis in XXXX and wild Lactuca spp.

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity273 :: ('MESH:D006861', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrogen peroxide']

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide']

answer: @entity12681 :: (4236,Species) :: ['Lactuca sativa']


abstract: A phase II multi-center study of @entity3003 for @entity2622 was carried out in 22 institutes throughout Japan. The @entity1 registered consisted of 40 @entity1 with 39 cervical @entity189 and an @entity1204 , of whom 31 were evaluable. @entity3003 was administered intravenously every 4 weeks at a dose of 400 mg/m2, in cases with no prior therapies and/or P.S. 0-1, and 300 mg/m2 in cases with prior therapies and/or P.S. 2-3. The overall response rate of 31 evaluable cases was 19.4% with 2 cases of CR and 4 cases of PR. The response rates by histological classification were 18.5% (5/27) for @entity957 and 25.0% (1/4) for @entity420 . Response rates analysed by lesion sites were 12.5% for @entity5 , 30.0% for local lesions and 20.0% for @entity3 . The response rate among @entity1 without prior therapies was 14.3%, while those for @entity1 with prior radiotherapy and for prior radiotherapy and chemotherapy were 33.3% and 13.3%, respectively. Major adverse effects observed were @entity1209 (52.9%), @entity448 (44.1%) and malaise (35.3%). Hematologically, @entity882 , @entity1431 and @entity417 were frequently observed (52.9%, 35.3% and 32.4%, respectively). As for @entity8 , elevation of BUN (2.9%) or serum @entity1011 (2.9%) and the decrease of @entity1011 clearance (14.3%) were observed, but they were mild, and tolerable. These results suggest that @entity3003 is one of the most useful drugs against @entity2622 .

title: [Phase II study of @entity3003 in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1204 :: ('MESH:D016889', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal toxicity']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['primary tumors']

entities_list: @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['Carboplatin', 'carboplatin']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity2622 :: ('MESH:D002583', 'Disease') :: ['cervical carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity448 :: ('MESH:D000855', 'Disease') :: ['anorexia']

entities_list: @entity1431 :: ('MESH:D007970', 'Disease') :: ['leukopenia']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1209 :: ('MESH:D020250', 'Disease') :: ['nausea and/or vomiting']

answer: @entity2622 :: (MESH:D002583,Disease) :: ['cervical carcinoma']


abstract: A 66-year old @entity1 was hospitalized with @entity662 and acute ischaemia of the lower limbs highly suggestive of dissection of the aorta. Computed tomography and aortography however showed @entity2396 and @entity715 situated in the iliac bifurcation of the aorta. During the emergency operation, acute tamponade required sub-xyphoid drainage. The haemodynamic situation was reestablished and the operation continued but within minutes a cataclysmal @entity548 occurred through the drainage tube due to @entity397 of the lateral wall of the heart into the pericardium. Extra-corporal circulation was installed immediately and a large @entity736 patch was sutured to the epicardium, distally from the necrosed area, in healthy tissue. A biological fibrin glue was injected under the patch. The operation was terminated with an axillo-bifemoral bypass. The postoperative period was satisfactory and the @entity1 was discharged. At the six months examination, the @entity1 was in NYHA class II and the echography showed moderate @entity1002 with grade II @entity339 and a false @entity439 facing the area of @entity39 . This technique allowed us to patch the @entity397 without excessive @entity2701 on the sutures in the fragile tissue which would have increased the risk of secondary @entity397 . In addition, the large patch avoided excessive reduction in volume of the left ventricular cavity and saved the mitral chordae which would have been destroyed by direct suture. This method can be an effective salvage technique for @entity7086 during the acute phase of @entity583 and offers the possibility of a second look in case of a secondary false @entity439 .

title: [Post-infarction XXXX into the pericardium. Surgical treatment combining synthetic patch and biological fibrin glue].

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['chest pain']

entities_list: @entity736 :: ('CHEBI:53251', 'Chemical') :: ['polytetrafluoroethylene']

entities_list: @entity7086 :: ('MESH:D006341', 'Disease') :: ['heart rupture']

entities_list: @entity339 :: ('MESH:D008944', 'Disease') :: ['mitral regurgitation']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['haemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity2396 :: ('MESH:D010493', 'Disease') :: ['pericardic effusion']

entities_list: @entity397 :: ('MESH:D012421', 'Disease') :: ['ischaemic rupture', 'rupture']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular dysfunction']

answer: @entity7086 :: (MESH:D006341,Disease) :: ['rupture of the heart']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity3 to the spleen are rare but are usually found in conjunction with @entity3 to other organs. The most common sources of splenic @entity3 are breast, lung and @entity14 as well as @entity43 . A solitary @entity6962 @entity3 to the spleen of any origin is very rare. To the best of our knowledge, there are fewer than 30 reported cases of @entity43 with solitary @entity3 to the spleen, and only three solitary primary @entity6962 to the spleen have been reported, of which one is female. We present what is, to the best of our knowledge, the first case of a solitary metastatic @entity6962 to the spleen arising from a primary @entity43 . CASE PRESENTATION: A 72-year-old Hispanic @entity1 status post-total abdominal hysterectomy for @entity43 presented with complaints of early satiety and @entity490 for the past two months with a 30-lb unintentional weight loss. An initial computed tomographic scan of her abdomen and pelvis revealed a 30 cm   27 cm splenic mass with displacement of the left kidney, stomach and liver. The @entity1 was found to have a solitary metastatic @entity6962 of the spleen with biphasic epithelial ( @entity3909 ) and mesenchymal (sarcomatous) elements consistent with @entity6962 . CONCLUSION: @entity6962 of the spleen is a rare @entity5 . @entity6962 are a biphasic @entity5 comprising malignant epithelial and mesenchymal components arising from a stem cell capable of differentiation. They can arise anywhere in the female genital tract, most commonly from the endometrium. Even though it is rare, @entity6962 can @entity3 to the spleen. This unique case of a solitary splenic @entity3 from @entity43 has particular interest in medicine, especially for the specialties of surgical oncology, pathology and hematology/oncology.

title: Solitary splenic @entity3 from XXXX : a case report.

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma and ovarian carcinoma', 'ovarian primary tumors', 'ovarian carcinsarcoma', 'ovarian carcinosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'neoplasm']

entities_list: @entity3909 :: ('MESH:D055756', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomatous']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancers']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'metastasize', 'Metastatic tumors']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity6962 :: ('MESH:D002296', 'Disease') :: ['carcinosarcomas', 'Carcinosarcomas', 'carcinosarcoma', 'Carcinosarcoma']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['ovarian carcinosarcoma']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the relationship between levator muscle function (LMF) and other eyelid parameters in the normal and affected eyes of @entity1 with unilateral @entity3065 . METHODS: This study includes subjects with unilateral congenital upper lid ptosis who were referred for operation over a 2-year period. @entity1 with other @entity3066 and previous eyelid surgery were excluded. Eyelid parameters including LMF, lid fissure height (LFH) and @entity3067 ( @entity3067 ) were measured in both eyes and analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 77 @entity1 with mean age of 26.4      16.4 years were enrolled in the study. Mean LMF was 8.3      4.6  mm in the ptotic and 13.1      3.6  mm in the normal fellow eyes. Each millimeter of difference in LMF was associated with 0.30  mm of difference in LFH (95% CI: 0.25-0.35, P  <  0.001) and 0.11  mm of difference in @entity3067 of the @entity735 (95% CI: 0.08-0.12, P  <  0.001) in the same direction. In addition, each millimeter of difference in LMF of @entity735 was associated with 0.48  mm of difference (95% CI: 0.33-0.62, P  <  0.001) in LMF of non- @entity735 in the same direction. CONCLUSION: A direct correlation was observed between LMF, and LFH and @entity3067 in @entity735 which confirms the role of levator @entity121 in the development of @entity3065 and its severity. Furthermore, a direct correlation was also present between LMF of ptotic and non- @entity735 suggesting possible bilateral involvement in apparently unilateral @entity3065 .

title: Comparison between eyelid indices of ptotic eye and normal fellow eye in XXXX with unilateral @entity3065 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3065 :: ('MESH:C566737', 'Disease') :: ['congenital ptosis']

entities_list: @entity735 :: ('MESH:D005124', 'Disease') :: ['ptotic eyes']

entities_list: @entity3066 :: ('MESH:D005141', 'Disease') :: ['eyelid abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity3067 :: ('MESH:C531609', 'Disease') :: ['margin reflex distance', 'MRD']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['muscle dysfunction']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: The ability of @entity230 to inhibit LH secretion is enhanced during undernutrition. To identify potential @entity1640 sites at which this enhancement may occur, we examined LH secretion in feed-restricted or fed young wethers treated with locally administered metabolites of @entity251 . In experiment 1, microimplants containing crystalline @entity53 -17beta (E) or @entity165 were administered via chronic guide tubes directed to the preoptic area (POA) or ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) in fed or feed-restricted wethers. E treatment in the VMH decreased LH pulse frequency, pulse amplitude, and mean LH concentration in feed-restricted, but not fed, wethers. E may act in the POA to suppress LH under feed restriction, but definite conclusions cannot be drawn because of @entity134 -independent effects of feed restriction on LH pulse frequency. In experiment 2, the effect of @entity586 ( @entity587 ) in the VMH was determined. @entity587 administration to the VMH did not alter LH secretion in either feed-restricted or fed wethers. Thus the VMH is one site wherein E negative feedback is enhanced during feed restriction in the wether. In contrast, we found no evidence for enhanced responsiveness to @entity342 negative feedback within the VMH of feed-restricted wethers. We suggest that increased sensitivity within the VMH to E, but not to @entity587 , is important for suppressing LH secretion in undernourished male @entity742 .

title: Inhibition of luteinizing hormone secretion by localized administration of estrogen, but not XXXX , is enhanced in the ventromedial hypothalamus during feed restriction in the young wether.

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity586 :: ('MESH:D013196', 'Chemical') :: ['dihydrotestosterone']

entities_list: @entity1640 :: ('MESH:D007027', 'Disease') :: ['hypothalamic']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['estradiol']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity586 :: (MESH:D013196,Chemical) :: ['dihydrotestosterone']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study was presented at Scientific Session 3 at the 2015 American Venous Forum, Palm Springs, California, February 2015Proper assessment of @entity1211 ( @entity1211 ) risk level in hospitalized @entity1 is vital to providing adequate prophylaxis. Clinical decision support (CDS) tools with electronic medical record (EMR) have been used by institutions to improve assessment and prophylaxis. As such, this study was conducted after implementing such a system to compare admitting service (AS) assessment of @entity1211 risk level to the @entity1211 consult service (CS) assessment. In addition, compliance of ordered prophylaxis based on AS assessment was evaluated. METHODS: At a tertiary care center, we performed a review of randomly selected @entity1 assessed within 18   h of admission for @entity1211 risk over a five-month period. A total of 104 @entity1 were evaluated, four of which were excluded because of @entity1211 presence on admission. @entity1 were assessed for @entity1211 risk independently, first by the AS, followed by the @entity1211 CS. Prophylaxis orders were then reviewed based on AS assessment compliance to CDS recommendations for prophylaxis based on ACCP guidelines. RESULTS: All 100 @entity1 underwent @entity1211 risk assessment within 18   h from admission. The mean age was 63 years. Comparing AS to CS assessment, 13 @entity1 had incorrect assessments (p   <   .001). Of these, six @entity1 were under-assessed (p   =   .029), and seven @entity1 were over-assessed (p   =   .014). Based on AS assessment there were eight @entity1 who had incorrect prophylaxis ordered. Unnecessary exposure to complications due to inappropriate prophylaxis occurred in five @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Despite the use of EMR CDS tools, there continues to be a significant number of @entity1 that are being under-assessed and under-prophylaxed for @entity1211 resulting in exposing @entity1 to potential harm. Quality programs need to be instituted to further improve @entity1211 assessment and prophylaxis.

title: Accuracy of XXXX assessment and compliance to prophylaxis in a tertiary care center.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['VTE', 'venous thromboembolism']

answer: @entity1211 :: (MESH:D054556,Disease) :: ['venous thromboembolism']


abstract: Because of reports of anaplastic transformation following irradiation, this study examines the incidence of anaplastic transformation and local control of these lesions. This review of seven @entity1 who had @entity189 of the @entity135 that was treated with irradiation shows local control in 71% of cases. There were no cases of anaplastic transformation. This report adds to the literature two cases of "de-differentiation" to less differentiated @entity957 ; one such case occurred after surgery alone. The literature is reviewed. Overall, anaplastic transformation is reported in 7% of @entity1 who had irradiation. De-differentiation occurs after surgery as well. The rate of local control with irradiation is less than 50%; with surgery it is 85%. It is concluded that surgery should be used if the procedure has acceptable morbidity. Otherwise, irradiation can be used. Failures can be salvaged surgically. "Anaplastic transformation" should not affect treatment approach.

title: Radiotherapy in the treatment of XXXX of the @entity135 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['verrucous carcinoma']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['verrucous carcinoma']


abstract: @entity1443 and low doses of @entity3175 were evaluated for the prevention of recurrences of @entity410 in a placebo-controlled, double-blind trial. @entity1 after their first febrile @entity410 were assigned to receive either one dose of rectally administered @entity3175 , and then, after 6 hours, oral doses of 0.2 mg/kg three times a day for the first 2 days if the fever stayed greater than 38.5 degrees C, or a placebo similarly during forthcoming febrile episodes. In addition, each febrile episode was randomly assigned to be treated with @entity1443 or the placebo. Thus four groups were examined for 2 years: @entity1 receiving two kinds of placebo, @entity1 receiving @entity3175 and a placebo, @entity1 receiving @entity1443 and a placebo, and @entity1 receiving both @entity3175 and @entity1443 . Of a total of 180 @entity1 (102 @entity1 ), 161 were followed for the 2-year period and 157 were seen at the last outpatient examination: 80 in the @entity3175 group and 77 in the placebo group. The final analysis of the efficacy of the drugs was made on the basis of the data from 153 @entity1 who had had at least one febrile episode during follow-up. There were 641 fever events during this period, and 38 @entity1 (21.1%) had 55 recurrences of @entity410 . @entity1443 had no effect on the recurrence rate. @entity410 recurred at least once in 21 @entity1 (28.4%) receiving @entity3175 and 17 (21.5%) receiving a placebo (p = 0.4138, log-rank test). The combination of antipyretic agents with anticonvulsant medication did not reduce the recurrence of @entity410 . Our results show that low doses of @entity1443 or @entity3175 or both are ineffective for preventing @entity410 .

title: Effect of @entity1443 and of low intermittent doses of XXXX on prevention of recurrences of @entity410 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'Children', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity1443 :: ('MESH:D000082', 'Chemical') :: ['acetaminophen', 'Acetaminophen']

entities_list: @entity3175 :: ('MESH:D003975', 'Chemical') :: ['diazepam']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'Seizures', 'febrile seizures']

answer: @entity3175 :: (MESH:D003975,Chemical) :: ['diazepam']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the dynamic ubiquitin and @entity35 component 3 of proteasome ( @entity1852 ) change and association with intimal proliferation in the common carotid artery of @entity35 after @entity130 . METHODS: Male SD @entity35 were randomly divided into two groups: sham operation group (n = 8), @entity130 group at various time points (1, 4, 7, 14, 21, 28-days post injury, n = 8 each). The @entity130 model was established by deendothelializing the @entity35 common carotid aortic artery by inflated 2F balloon catheter. HE staining was used to observe the ratio of intima-media (I/M) thickness of the injured arteries under optical microscopy. The expression levels of ubiquitin and @entity1852 mRNA were detected with RT-PCR. The expression level of ubiquitin protein was measured by immunohistochemistry method. RESULTS: The maximal intimal proliferation and peak intima-media ratio (2.31 +/- 0.43 vs. control 0.02 +/- 0.005, P < 0.01) were seen at 28th day post injury. The peak expression of ubiquitin was observed at the 7th day post injury (1.33 +/- 0.26 vs. control 0.21 +/- 0.04, P < 0.01) and peak @entity1852 expression was found at the 14th day post injury (1.35 +/- 0.26 vs. control 0.31 +/- 0.06, P < 0.01). The protein expression of ubiquitin was also seen at the 14th day post injury (21.53 +/- 4.09 vs. control 4.21 +/- 0.78, P < 0.01). The expression of ubiquitin protein was positively correlated with intimal proliferation(r = 0.827, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The upregulated ubiquitin and @entity1852 expressions after @entity130 might play an important role in intimal proliferation in this model.

title: [Time course of ubiquitin and @entity35 component 3 of proteasome expressions and association with common carotid artery intimal proliferation after XXXX in @entity35 .].

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['balloon injury', 'ballon injury']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['balloon injury']


abstract: We compared the consequences of acute anterior and posterior wall @entity63 on regional left ventricular function in seven open-chest @entity235 . Circumferentially oriented sonomicrometers were implanted in the midwall of the anterior and posterior left ventricle. The @entity1347 ( @entity1347 ) and left circumflex (LCX) coronary arteries were each occluded for 3 min, with 45 min of reperfusion between the two occlusions. The @entity63 areas at risk, as assessed by postmortem perfusion techniques, were similar for anterior (34.5 +/- 12.5 g) and posterior (32.3 +/- 9.4 g) wall @entity63 . Both occlusions produced a similar increase in end-diastolic pressure. After @entity1347 occlusion, @entity1347 (end diastole to aortic valve closure) in the nonischemic posterior wall increased from 8.0 +/- 3.9 to 10.8 +/- 4.4%, solely caused by increased isovolumic shortening. In contrast, with LCX occlusion, @entity1347 in the nonischemic anterior wall increased significantly more, from 10.5 +/- 3.8 to 14.6 +/- 4.2% caused by nearly equal increases in isovolumic and ejection phase shortening. Thus, with both @entity1347 and @entity432 , there was increased shortening in nonischemic areas during isovolumic systole, which was "wasted" in paradoxically stretching the @entity63 zone. However, a compensatory increase in nonischemic area ejection phase shortening occurred only with @entity432 . These findings may explain the greater functional impairment that occurs with @entity1347 than @entity432 .

title: Functional consequences of acute anterior vs. posterior wall @entity63 in XXXX left ventricles.

entities_list: @entity1347 :: ('MESH:C537775', 'Disease') :: ['total segment shortening', 'LAD', 'left anterior descending']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['LCX occlusions']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia', 'ischemic']

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['canine']


abstract: MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity1 with operable @entity14 in the ascending colon, descending colon, and rectum were randomized to 500 cGy before definitive surgery. @entity1 with stage A and B1 lesions received no further treatment. All @entity1 with stage B2, B3, C1, C2, and C3 received a minimum of 4500 cGy postoperatively. RESULTS: Three hundred fifty-three @entity1 were registered for the study. Three hundred one @entity1 were available for analyses. Follow-up was a minimum of 5 years on all study @entity1 . The majority of @entity1 had @entity5 . Complications of treatment were acceptable. Two hundred thirty-one @entity1 had stage B2, B3, C1, C2, or C3 @entity5 . Estimated 5-year rates for no preoperative therapy versus preoperative therapy were as follows: local recurrence 29% versus 26%; metastasis 41% versus 43%; and survival 54% versus 54%. No statistical benefit was observed for preoperative treatment. CONCLUSIONS: In a prospective randomized trial designed to test the value of low-dose preoperative irradiation followed by surgery and postoperative irradiation, the authors were unable to observe any benefit to low-dose preoperative therapy in @entity1 with unfavorable stages.

title: Evaluation of preoperative radiation therapy in operable XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['rectal cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: Prophylactic treatment with Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is an established and effective therapy of @entity150 . The antitumor effect of BCG seems to be largely related to cellular immunological mechanisms, although its precise mode of action is unknown. Antitumor response of BCG seems to be initiated by the attachment of BCG to bladder wall via Fibronectin (FN). The cellular immune response against Tuberculin @entity4035 and the major secreted BCG antigen (Fibronectin-binding @entity19338 complex) has been tested in a control group of 20 untreated @entity150 @entity1 and before and after 6 weekly intravesical BCG instillations in a group of 20 superficial @entity150 @entity1 . A major increase in the lymphoproliferative response against @entity4035 and @entity19338 was observed in respectively 66% and 57% of the treated @entity1 . In contrast, no detectable antibody response (IgA, IgM, IgG) was observed against @entity19338 complex after BCG treatment. On the other hand, antibodies against Tuberculin increased in 13 of 20 @entity1 . This study seems to demonstrate a specific cellular immune activation against @entity19338 Fibronectin-binding complex during BCG treatment of superficial @entity150 . Humoral response against the @entity19338 is not activated after BCG treatment. Further studies are needed to elucidate the role of @entity19338 in the cellular intravesical penetration of BCG. Presence or absence of cellular response against this antigen could be of clinical value.

title: Evolution of cellular and humoral response against Tuberculin and antigen 85 complex during intravesical treatment with BCG of superficial XXXX .

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder tumor', 'bladder tumors', 'bladder cancer']

answer: @entity150 :: (MESH:D001749,Disease) :: ['bladder cancer']


abstract: The correlation between elevated level of a new plasma @entity5 marker, Lipid Associated @entity3167 (LASA) and detection of bone marrow heterotopic epithelial cells by monoclonal antibodies using an immunocytologic technique, associated with the study of the proliferative activity of these heterotopic cells by measurement of their @entity894 ( @entity894 ) was analyzed in 158 samples obtained from 94 @entity0 @entity1 . Six different groups of @entity1 in complete remission of @entity0 , after radical treatment of the primary (minimal @entity66 ( @entity4145 ] were defined, according to the presence with or without proliferative activity of heterotopic cells in the bone marrow or the absence of such cells and to the level, normal or elevated of LASA in the serum of the same @entity1 at the same time. 115 samples (73%) of the @entity1 had an elevated LASA level at the time of the study among which 71 (45%) came from @entity1 in which heterotopic cells were detected in the bone marrow, 32 (20%) of which with proliferative activity ( @entity894 +) 39 (25%) without ( @entity894 -). In 44 (28%) samples, no heterotopic cells were detected in the B.M. 43 samples (27%) of the @entity1 had a normal LASA level. In 29 (18%) no heterotopic cells could be detected in the B.M. In only 14 could such cells be found, 5 with @entity894 +, 9 with @entity894 -. Both of these cytological and biological parameters can be useful markers of minimal @entity66 and help to determine the prognosis and define optimal therapeutic strategy for curable @entity0 . Their prognostic value in predicting relapse awaits further observation with longer follow-up.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Relationship between proliferative activity of bone marrow micrometastasis and plasmatic level of a new @entity5 marker: lipid associated XXXX (LASA) in @entity1 @entity0 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3167 :: ('MESH:D019158', 'Chemical') :: ['Sialic Acid']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity894 :: ('MESH:C566784', 'Disease') :: ['labelling index', 'LI']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['residual disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

answer: @entity3167 :: (MESH:D019158,Chemical) :: ['sialic acid']


abstract: @entity17101 is endemic in regions of North America that border the Great Lakes and the St. Lawrence River, as well as in the Mississippi River and Ohio River basins. @entity1 are affected more often than @entity1 and @entity1 because @entity1 are more likely to participate in activities that put them at risk for exposure to @entity12266 . @entity1 @entity281 occurs when soil containing microfoci of mycelia is disturbed and airborne conidia are inhaled. If natural defenses in the alveoli fail to contain the @entity281 , lymphohematogenous dissemination ensues. Normal host responses generate a characteristic pyogranulomatous reaction. The most common sites of clinical disease are the lung and skin; osseous, genitourinary, and central nervous system manifestations follow in decreasing order of frequency. @entity17101 is one of the great mimickers in medicine; verrucous @entity17101 resembles @entity5 , and mass-like lung opacities due to @entity12266 often are confused with @entity5 . @entity17101 may be clinically indistinguishable from @entity378 . Diagnosis is based on culture and direct visualization of round, multinucleated @entity375 forms that produce daughter cells from a single broad-based bud. Although a long course of @entity2379 is usually curative, @entity2059 is also highly effective and is the mainstay of therapy for most @entity1 with @entity17101 .

title: Clinical and laboratory update on XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'children', 'patients', 'Men', 'Human', 'men']

entities_list: @entity2379 :: ('MESH:D000666', 'Chemical') :: ['amphotericin B']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'malignancy']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity17101 :: ('MESH:D001759', 'Disease') :: ['blastomycosis', 'Blastomycosis', 'cutaneous blastomycosis']

entities_list: @entity378 :: ('MESH:D014376', 'Disease') :: ['tuberculosis']

entities_list: @entity12266 :: ('5039', 'Species') :: ['B. dermatitidis', 'Blastomyces dermatitidis']

entities_list: @entity2059 :: ('MESH:D017964', 'Chemical') :: ['itraconazole']

answer: @entity17101 :: (MESH:D001759,Disease) :: ['blastomycosis']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity73 ( @entity73 ) and @entity1833 ( @entity2113 ) are common co-morbidities and risk factors for @entity303 in @entity191 ( @entity191 ). The relative value of each of them in the progression to @entity303 is unknown. We investigated @entity73 in @entity73 @entity1 with @entity2113 ( @entity2113 ) and without ( @entity2113 -negative). METHODS: Twenty-one @entity73 @entity1 (12 @entity2113 -negative, nine @entity2113 ) and 19 controls were studied using a comprehensive neuropsychological battery and @entity419 positron emission tomography (FDG-PET). The neuropsychological assessment was repeated after 30 months. Regional FDG uptake was analyzed using statistical parametric mapping. RESULTS: @entity2113 @entity1 had lower FDG uptake bilaterally in the occipital, and parietal cortex, right temporal lobe and in the left cingulum compared with @entity2113 -negative @entity1 . The two groups showed no significant differences in clinical characteristics and cognitive status at baseline. After 30 months of follow-up, three (25%) and four (50%) of the @entity2113 -negative and @entity2113 @entity1 , respectively, had progressed to @entity303 . CONCLUSION: Even in the absence of significant cognitive differences, @entity73 @entity1 with @entity2113 exhibit more severe cerebral hypometabolism and had a higher rate of progression to @entity303 than @entity2113 -negative @entity1 , supporting the importance of @entity1779 in establishing the risk of @entity303 in @entity73 . Hum Brain Mapp 37:968-977, 2016.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Significance of @entity1833 in the risk of XXXX in @entity191 @entity1 with mild @entity73 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity419 :: ('MESH:D019788', 'Chemical') :: ['[18F]-Fluorodeoxyglucose']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['Mild cognitive impairment', 'PD-MCI', 'MCI', 'cognitive impairment and cerebral hypometabolism']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease", 'PD']

entities_list: @entity1833 :: ('MESH:D006212', 'Disease') :: ['visual hallucinations']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['VH and cerebral hypometabolism']

answer: @entity303 :: (MESH:D003704,Disease) :: ['dementia']


abstract: The role of hormones and growth factors in the pathogenesis and therapy of @entity694 is biologically intricate and medically important. The effects of the previously described hormones and growth factors on normal and neoplastic colonic growth and development suggest the mechanisms by which hormonal alteration might either enhance or suppress the @entity5 process. The high degree of association between the specific endocrine-related processes ( @entity0 , @entity2012 , @entity2742 , @entity8243 sensitivity of @entity694 , and @entity5 cell lines) suggests a significant role for hormones in @entity694 . The relationship between the specific hormones and @entity5 is often unclear. This is the result of many factors: the variable presence of specific hormone receptors on the surface of the @entity5 or cell line; the inconsistent response to exogeneous hormone administration in vivo and in vitro; and the occasional failure of specific hormone-blocking agents to affect cell proliferation. The relationship between growth factors and @entity5 is also unclear. The following questions must be resolved in order to understand the significance of growth factors and the neoplastic process: (1) Is a growth factor significant in either an autocrine or a paracrine capacity? (2) Are combinations of growth factors rather than individual growth factors more biologically significant? (3) Do structural alterations of the immunologically similar, but functionally different growth factors modify their effect on the neoplastic tissue? The potential for manipulation of hormones and growth factors in the prevention and treatment of @entity694 is evidence to date suggesting that such efforts are indeed justified.

title: Relationship of hormones and growth factors to XXXX .

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancers', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity2012 :: ('MESH:D000172', 'Disease') :: ['acromegaly']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon cancer', 'colonic carcinogenesis']

entities_list: @entity2742 :: ('MESH:D006961', 'Disease') :: ['hyperparathyroidism']

answer: @entity694 :: (MESH:D003110,Disease) :: ['colon cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Potential predictive/prognostic angiogenic markers were prospectively examined in a phase II trial of bevacizumab in @entity43 ( @entity43 )/primary @entity3906 ( @entity3906 ). METHODS: Recurrent/persistent @entity43 / @entity3906 @entity1 were treated with bevacizumab (15 mg/kg IV q21days) until disease progression. Validated-immunohistochemistry (IHC) assays were performed on pre-cycle 1/4 @entity5 biopsies for @entity2279 -microvessel density (MVD), @entity7 -histoscore (HS), @entity876 -HS, and @entity3499 image analysis score (IA). Pre-cycle 1/4 serum and plasma @entity7 were quantified using a validated-ELISA. RESULTS: @entity2279 -MVD and serum @entity7 , evaluated pre-cycle 1 in 41/61 and 51/61 eligible @entity1 , respectively, did not appear to be correlated. High @entity2279 -MVD, categorized at the median, appeared to be associated with @entity5 response, a 13-month shorter median survival, and an increased risk of @entity204 (unadjusted hazard ratio [HR] = 2.2, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.067-4.467). In addition, each standard deviation (SD) increase in @entity2279 -MVD appeared to be associated with worse survival in unadjusted and adjusted analyses. IHC and plasma biomarkers did not change with bevacizumab treatment except for serum @entity7 , which appeared to decrease during bevacizumab treatment. This decrease was not associated with response. High pre-cycle 1 serum @entity7 , categorized at the median, was associated with 22-month shorter median survival and an increased risk of @entity204 (unadjusted HR = 2.7, 95% CI = 1.369-5.191). Categorized @entity876 appeared to be associated with unadjusted survival and each SD increase in @entity3499 -IA appeared to be associated with a decreased risk of progression in unadjusted and adjusted analyses. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the limitations in sample size and exploratory nature of the study, angiogenic markers in @entity5 and serum may provide prognostic value in recurrent/persistent @entity43 / @entity3906 , and are being prospectively evaluated in the GOG phase III trial of @entity3003 , @entity1311 and bevacizumab/placebo in previously untreated @entity43 / @entity3906 .

title: Predictive and prognostic angiogenic markers in a gynecologic oncology group phase II trial of bevacizumab in recurrent and persistent XXXX .

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['EOC', 'epithelial ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['carboplatin']

entities_list: @entity3906 :: ('MESH:D010534', 'Disease') :: ['PPC', 'peritoneal cancer']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['ovarian or peritoneal cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The emergence of mobile technology offers new opportunities to improve clinical guideline adherence in resource-limited settings. We conducted a clinical pilot study in rural Bangladesh to evaluate the impact of a smartphone adaptation of the World Health Organization (WHO) @entity5163 management guidelines, including a modality for age-based weight estimation. Software development was guided by end-user input and evaluated in a resource-limited district and sub-district hospital during the fall 2015 @entity3081 season; both hospitals lacked scales which necessitated weight estimation. The study consisted of a 6 week pre-intervention and 6 week intervention period with a 10-day post-discharge follow-up. Standard of care was maintained throughout the study with the exception that admitting clinicians used the tool during the intervention. Inclusion criteria were @entity1 two months of age and older with uncomplicated @entity5163 . The primary outcome was adherence to guidelines for prescriptions of intravenous (IV) fluids, antibiotics and @entity219 . A total of 841 @entity1 were enrolled (325 pre-intervention; 516 intervention). During the intervention, the proportion of prescriptions for IV fluids decreased at the district and sub-district hospitals (both p < 0.001) with risk ratios (RRs) of 0.5 and 0.2, respectively. However, when IV fluids were prescribed, the volume better adhered to recommendations. The proportion of prescriptions for the recommended antibiotic @entity4580 increased (p < 0.001 district; p = 0.035 sub-district) with RRs of 6.9 (district) and 1.6 (sub-district) while prescriptions for other antibiotics decreased; @entity219 adherence increased. Limitations included an absence of a concurrent control group and no independent dehydration assessment during the pre-intervention. Despite limitations, opportunities were identified to improve clinical care, including better assessment, weight estimation, and fluid/ antibiotic selection. These findings demonstrate that a smartphone-based tool can improve guideline adherence. This study should serve as a catalyst for a randomized controlled trial to expand on the findings and address limitations.

title: Evaluation of a Smartphone Decision-Support Tool for XXXX Management in a Resource-Limited Setting.

entities_list: @entity4580 :: ('MESH:D017963', 'Chemical') :: ['azithromycin']

entities_list: @entity5163 :: ('MESH:D004403', 'Disease') :: ['diarrheal disease']

answer: @entity5163 :: (MESH:D004403,Disease) :: ['Diarrheal Disease']


abstract: Three @entity2073 ( @entity2073 ) isolates were derived from an @entity2073 population used to assess the response to infection of @entity2829 cultivars. Isolate @entity3419 was obtained from this population through short acquisition and inoculation periods (1 and 5 min, respectively), using a single Cicadulina mbila vector. Isolate @entity11548 was derived from @entity3419 after transmission to a wild perennial host ( @entity11549 ), on which it was maintained for about 4 years without insect transmission. Isolate N2A, the most pathogenic isolate, was obtained from the initial population after serial passages on almost completely resistant inbred @entity2829 lines. The complexity of each isolate was analysed by RFLP analysis and sequencing based on 120 @entity3419 clones, 36 @entity11548 clones and 40 N2A clones. All three isolates were composed of different but related clones, consistent with a quasispecies structure. The mutations were distributed throughout the genome. Mutation frequencies, based on all available sequences, were 3.8 x 10(-4) for @entity3419 , 10.5 x 10(-4) for @entity11550 .9 x 10(-4) for N2A. As expected from the bottleneck selection step, the intra-isolate variability of @entity3419 was relatively low. Comparison between @entity3419 and @entity11548 showed that @entity3419 heterogeneity increased during maintenance on the wild host. Furthermore, the consensus sequences of @entity3419 and @entity11548 differed by two non-synonymous substitutions in the complementary sense gene repA. N2A had a relatively low degree of heterogeneity, but was composed of several sub-populations. The results reflect the influence of the mode of selection of @entity2073 isolates on their quasispecies organization, i.e. distribution of variants, and master sequence.

title: Quasispecies nature of three XXXX isolates obtained through different modes of selection from a population used to assess response to infection of @entity2829 cultivars.

entities_list: @entity11549 :: ('4505', 'Species') :: ['Coix lacryma-jobi']

entities_list: @entity2073 :: ('10821', 'Species') :: ['maize streak virus', 'MSV']

answer: @entity2073 :: (10821,Species) :: ['maize streak virus']


abstract: Immunomodulation with cytokines was used to improve the result of high-dose chemotherapy (HDC)/autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHST). We examined the use of @entity1199 and growth factors for mobilization, ex vivo activation of peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) and maintenance therapy after HDC/AHST in metastatic @entity0 . Eligible @entity1 with metastatic @entity0 for HDC/AHST were assigned to 1 of 3 protocols for PBSC mobilization: @entity1261 (group 1); @entity1199 + @entity1261 (group 2); or @entity1199 + @entity1261 + @entity2841 (group 3). HDC with @entity786 , @entity3600 and thiotepa was given from day -7 to -5. PBSCs were treated ex vivo with @entity1199 for 24 h and reinfused on day 0. Maintenance therapy included low-dose @entity1199 , followed by 2 courses of intermediate-dose @entity1199 . @entity2841 was given from day 1 until neutrophil recovery. Thirty-four @entity1 (10 in group 1, 14 in group 2, and 10 in group 3) were included. Comparable numbers of @entity2280 (+) cells were collected from all 3 groups; incremental increases of CD3(+) cells were collected from groups 1 to 2 and to 3 (p = 0.03). Major adverse effects from @entity1199 were @entity221 , @entity551 and @entity1295 ; no treatment-related mortality was seen. At a median follow-up of 790.5 days (range 150-2,722 days), median progression-free survival was 434 days and median overall survival was 1,432 days. Estimated 3-year progression-free and overall survival rates were 31 and 57%. Our study suggested that the use of @entity1199 and growth factors immunomodulation with HDC/AHST was feasible with comparable survival rates.

title: Interleukin-2 and granulocyte-macrophage-colony-stimulating factor immunomodulation with high-dose chemotherapy and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for @entity1 with metastatic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity3600 :: ('MESH:D002330', 'Chemical') :: ['carmustine']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Antimicrobial peptides play a role as effectors substances in the immunity of vertebrate and invertebrate hosts. In the current study, antimicrobial peptide was isolated from the haemolymph of the @entity564 , @entity564 . METHODS: @entity7178 as Gram-positive bacteria and @entity526 as Gram-negative bacteria were candidate for injection. Induction was done by injecting both bacteria into the abdominal cavity of two groups of cockroaches separately. The haemolymphs were collected 24 hours after post injection and initially tested against both bacteria. Subsequently, the immune induced haemolymph was purified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to separate the proteins responsible for the antibacterial activity. RESULTS: The non-induced haemolymph did not show any activity against both bacteria whereas induced haemolymph exhibited high activity against @entity18369 but did less against @entity526 . Two fractions showed antibacterial activity against @entity18369 . Finally the molecular weight of the isolated antibacterial proteins were determined as 72 kDa and 62 kDa using @entity214 -PAGE. CONCLUSION: Induced haemolymph of American cockroaches has the ability to produce peptides to combat against Gram-positive bacteria when an immune challenge is mounted. Further work has to be done to sequence of the protein, which it would be advantageous.

title: Isolation and Purification of an Antibacterial Protein from Immune Induced Haemolymph of XXXX , @entity564 .

entities_list: @entity564 :: ('6978', 'Species') :: ['Periplaneta americana', 'American cockroach']

entities_list: @entity7178 :: ('1270', 'Species') :: ['Micrococcus luteus']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli', 'E. coli']

answer: @entity564 :: (6978,Species) :: ['American Cockroach']


abstract: A stretchable e-textile was fabricated by simply soaking Spandex fabric in a conductive polymer aqueous dispersion, @entity20341 . The resulting conductive fabric had an average conductivity of 0.1 S/cm. Subjecting the fabric to more than one soaking step increased the conductivity of the fabric up to ca. 2.0 S/cm resulting in a 33% faster switching speed. This simple methodology is not limited to Spandex (50% nylon/50% @entity2636 ). Several other fabric compositions were investigated for their conductivity via this process, including 100% @entity2708 , 60% @entity2708 /40% @entity2635 , 95% @entity2708 /5% Lycra, 60% @entity2635 /40% rayon, 100% @entity2635 , and 80% nylon/20% Spandex, listed in order of decreasing hydrophilicity. Those fabrics with higher water uptake resulted in higher conductivities upon soaking in @entity18695 -PSS. Electrochromic polymers coated on the fabric could be switched between their different colored states, even upon stretching of the Spandex. SEM revealed that the electrochromic polymer coated on the substrate separated under stretching, uncovering the color of the base conducting fabric. It was found that the @entity18695 -PSS was not a film on the Spandex but rather homogenously dispersed nanoparticles within the fabric matrix forming a percolated network.

title: Conductivity trends of XXXX -PSS impregnated fabric and the effect of conductivity on electrochromic textile.

entities_list: @entity2635 :: ('CHEBI:60160', 'Chemical') :: ['polyester']

entities_list: @entity2636 :: ('MESH:D011140', 'Chemical') :: ['polyurethane']

answer: @entity18695 :: (CHEBI:60622,Chemical) :: ['PEDOT']