abstract: INTRODUCTION/OBJECTIVE: Experimental and observational studies have linked @entity8775 use to an increased risk of developing neuropsychiatric adverse effects such as @entity308 or @entity914 . Most of these reports relied on interview-based information from travellers. We conducted a population-based observational study using a database of medical records to quantify and compare the risk of @entity146 during or after use of @entity8775 with the risk during use of @entity24517 and/or @entity503 , or @entity3403 . STUDY DESIGN/METHODS: The study population was drawn from the large UK-based General Practice Research Database (GPRD). Subjects were aged from 17-79 years and were exposed to @entity8775 , @entity24517 , @entity503 or @entity3403 (or a combination of these drugs) at some time between 1990 and 1999. We performed a @entity1 -time and a nested case-control analysis to assess the risk of developing a first-time diagnosis of @entity308 , @entity716 or @entity4697 attack during or after use of these antimalarial drugs. RESULTS: Within the study population of 35 370 subjects (45.2% males), we identified 580 subjects with a first-time diagnosis of @entity308 (n = 505), @entity716 (n = 16) or @entity4697 attack (n = 57) and two subjects committed suicide. The incidence rates of first-time diagnoses of @entity308 during current use of @entity8775 , @entity24517 and/or @entity503 , or @entity3403 , adjusted for age, gender and calendar year, were 6.9 (95% CI 4.5-10.6), 7.6 (95% CI 5.5-10.5) and 9.5 (95% CI 3.7-24.1)/1000 @entity1 -years, respectively. The incidence rates of @entity716 or @entity4697 attacks during current @entity8775 exposure were 1.0/1000 @entity1 -years (95% CI 0.3-2.9) and 3.0/1000 @entity1 -years (95% CI 1.6-5.7), respectively, approximately 2-fold higher (statistically nonsignificant) than during current use of @entity24517 and/or @entity503 , or @entity3403 . The nested case-control analysis encompassed 505 cases with @entity308 and 3026 controls, 16 cases with @entity716 and 96 controls, and 57 cases with a @entity4697 attack and 342 controls. Current use of @entity8775 was not associated with an elevated risk of developing @entity308 . In a comparison between @entity1 currently using @entity8775 with all past users of antimalarials combined, the risk estimate was elevated for current users of @entity8775 for both @entity716 (odds ratio [OR] 8.0, 95% CI 1.0-62.7; p < 0.05) and @entity4697 attacks (OR 2.7, 95% CI 1.1-6.5; p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The absolute risk of developing @entity716 or @entity4697 attack appears low with all the antimalarials tested. No evidence was found in this large observational study that @entity8775 use increased the risk of first-time diagnosis of @entity308 when compared with the use of other antimalarials investigated in this study.

title: The risk of severe @entity308 , @entity716 or XXXX attacks with prophylactic antimalarials.

entities_list: @entity24517 :: ('MESH:D002727', 'Chemical') :: ['proguanil']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'person']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric disorders']

entities_list: @entity3403 :: ('MESH:D004318', 'Chemical') :: ['doxycycline']

entities_list: @entity914 :: ('MESH:D011618', 'Disease') :: ['psychoses']

entities_list: @entity8775 :: ('MESH:D015767', 'Chemical') :: ['mefloquine']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychosis']

entities_list: @entity503 :: ('MESH:D002738', 'Chemical') :: ['chloroquine']

answer: @entity4697 :: (MESH:D016584,Disease) :: ['panic']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We sought to assess the mechanism and significance of different (201)Tl redistribution patterns after successful primary stenting following @entity583 ( @entity583 ). BACKGROUND: The mechanism of (201)Tl reverse redistribution and the impact of different redistribution patterns on the recovery of contractility after successful reperfusion therapy for @entity583 remain unclear. METHODS: We studied 41 consecutive @entity1 with successful primary stenting for a first @entity583 . @entity1 underwent predischarge and six-month follow-up @entity4341 stress-reinjection single photon emission tomography (SPECT), coronary and left ventricular angiography. Intracoronary Doppler assessment of coronary flow reserve (CFR) was performed before discharge. RESULTS: Four @entity1 groups were identified according to predischarge SPECT: @entity1 with I: nonreversible defects (n = 8), II: redistribution (n = 7), III: reverse redistribution (n = 21), IV: no defect (n = 5). At follow-up contractility recovery increased in a stepwise fashion from groups I to IV (19 +/- 41%, 40 +/- 53%, 70 +/- 28%, 78 +/- 33%, p = 0.01). Compared with @entity1 with redistribution, those with reverse redistribution had lower @entity1188 ( @entity1188 ) CFR (2.2 +/- 0.5 vs. 2.8 +/- 0.9, p = 0.03) but higher contractility recovery. CONCLUSIONS: Variable (201)Tl redistribution patterns, early after successful stenting for @entity583 , may predict different degrees of late contractility recovery. The lower @entity1188 CFR and the higher contractility recovery in areas with reverse redistribution suggest more severe @entity409 and less severe @entity296 in such areas compared with those with redistribution.

title: Coronary vasodilator reserve: a clue to the explanation of (201)Tl redistribution patterns early after successful primary stenting for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial injury']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['microvascular dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity4341 :: ('MESH:D004176', 'Chemical') :: ['dipyridamole']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarct-related artery', 'IRA']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['AMI', 'acute myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['acute myocardial infarction']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the outcome after definitive whole pelvis external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) followed by brachytherapy (BT) boost after treatment break vs. external beam boost without break in the treatment of @entity189 . METHODS AND MATERIALS: Eighty-one consecutive @entity1 with invasive @entity189 were analyzed retrospectively. @entity1 treated with an interstitial (192)Ir @entity1168 ( @entity1168 ) implant boost of 14Gy/7 fractions/3d given 3 weeks after completion of whole pelvis 45Gy EBRT were compared with those treated with external beam boost of 14.4Gy, started immediately after completion of whole pelvis 45Gy EBRT. Concomitant chemotherapy (CT) with @entity1138 was applied during whole pelvis EBRT depending on @entity5 stage. Pattern of care, @entity66 control (LC), @entity5 -specific survival (CSS), @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ), @entity137 , and quality of life (QOL) were assessed. RESULTS: Radiotherapy with or without concomitant CT achieved clinical complete response in 93.4% of @entity1 . In early stage @entity5 , (192)Ir- @entity1168 BT boost with CT resulted in a 5-year LC and CSS of 100%. In all @entity1 , BT boost did not result in improved LC, @entity1349 , and CSS compared with EBRT boost, despite stage and treatment bias favoring small @entity5 to be treated with BT. The 5-year and 10-year @entity1349 were 66% and 44% (BT boost) and 66% and 52% (EBRT boost), respectively. Subgroup analysis of Stages I and II disease revealed no significant improvement after BT boost compared with EBRT boost. Acute @entity137 was less common in the BT boost group (whole cohort: p=0.14; Stages I-IIIa: p=0.05), but long-term morbidity and QOL were similar. No local @entity39 was seen after BT boost and the 10-year sphincter preservation rate was 87% in these @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Interstitial (192)Ir- @entity1168 implant boost with break and EBRT boost without break yield similar results. Acute @entity137 is reduced with BT boost but long-term morbidity and QOL are identical. BT boost is most beneficial in early stage @entity5 but the advantage of BT seems to be limited due to its invasiveness, doctor dependence, and logistic circumstances.

title: Clinical outcome after treatment with a brachytherapy boost versus external beam boost for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'skin toxicity']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['local disease']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1138 :: ('MESH:D016685', 'Chemical') :: ['mitomycin C']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['anal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1168 :: ('MESH:D001919', 'Disease') :: ['HDR', 'high-dose-rate']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['anal carcinoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the utility of gene therapy for uterine fibroids in the Eker @entity35 model using an adenovirus-mediated delivery of a dominant-negative @entity172 receptor gene (Ad- @entity66800 ). DESIGN: Animal study. SETTING: University animal laboratory. ANIMAL(S): Twenty-seven female Eker @entity35 . INTERVENTION(S): We randomized Eker @entity35 with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-confirmed uterine @entity2909 to a single treatment of direct intrafibroid injection with Ad- @entity66800 , @entity2348 , or vehicle. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): @entity5 volumes were determined by MRI scanning and caliper measurement. Samples of serum, @entity5 , and various organs were collected at 8, 15, and 30 days after treatment to assess treatment safety and efficacy. RESULT(S): The Ad- @entity66800 treatment significantly decreased uterine fibroid volume by 45%, 80%, and 77.4% of pretreatment volume at days 8, 15, and 30, respectively, and modulated the expression of apoptosis-, proliferation-, and extracellular matrix-related genes' compared with control animals. The Ad- @entity66800 did not produce any toxic effects in nontarget tissues. CONCLUSION(S): The Ad- @entity66800 treatment shrinks Eker @entity35 ' fibroids, in part, via modulation of several @entity172 -regulated genes. This safe gene therapy approach presents a promising conservative treatment option for @entity1 with symptomatic uterine fibroids.

title: Gene therapy targeting @entity2909 : adenovirus-mediated delivery of dominant-negative XXXX receptor gene shrinks uterine @entity5 in Eker @entity35 model.

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['fibroid tumors', 'Tumor']

entities_list: @entity2348 :: ('MESH:D001424', 'Disease') :: ['Ad-bacterial ss-galactosidase']

entities_list: @entity2909 :: ('MESH:D007889', 'Disease') :: ['leiomyomas']

answer: @entity172 :: (MESH:D004967,Chemical) :: ['estrogen']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Study Design Cross-sectional study. Objective To examine associations between frequent bilateral knee @entity158 (BKP) and unilateral knee @entity158 (UKP) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). We hypothesized that frequent BKP would be associated with poorer HRQoL than would frequent UKP and no knee @entity158 (KP). Background KP is one of the most frequently reported types of joint @entity158 among adults in the United States. It is the most frequent cause of limited physical function, disability, and reduced QoL. Methods Data were collected from the @entity571 Initiative public-use datasets. HRQoL was assessed in 2481 @entity1 's ages 45-79 years at baseline. @entity3331 and @entity571 Outcome Score-Quality of Life subscale (KOOS-QoL; knee-specific) and the physical component and mental component summaries (PCS, @entity8848 ) of the Short Form (SF)-12 Health Survey (generic) assessed HRQoL. Multiple regression analyses were used to examine the relationships between frequent KP and HRQoL, adjusted for sociodemographic and health covariates. Results Compared with subjects with no KP, subjects with frequent BKP and UKP had significantly lower scores in KOOS-QoL [-35.2, @entity2246 ( @entity2246 ) = 0.86; -29.2. @entity2246 = 0.93; both p < 0.001] and SF-12 PCS [-6.25, @entity2246 = 0.41; -4.10, @entity2246 = 0.43; both p < 0.001], respectively, after controlling for sociodemographic and health covariates. SF-12 @entity8848 score was lower among those with @entity158 (-1.29, @entity2246 = 0.42; p < 0.001). Frequent unilateral knee @entity158 was not associated with the SF-12 @entity8848 . Conclusions Subjects with frequent bilateral knee @entity158 had lower HRQoL than those with frequent unilateral or no knee @entity158 , as reflected in lower KOOS-QoL and SF-12 PCS and @entity8848 scores. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther, Epub 8 Jan 2015. doi:10.2519/jospt.2015.5123.

title: Differences in Health-Related Quality of Life Among Subjects With Frequent Bilateral or Unilateral Knee Pain: Data From the XXXX Initiative Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participant']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['Osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity3331 :: ('MESH:D007718', 'Disease') :: ['Knee Injury']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'bilateral pain']

entities_list: @entity2246 :: ('MESH:D008661', 'Disease') :: ['standard error', 'SE']

answer: @entity571 :: (MESH:D010003,Disease) :: ['Osteoarthritis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 with @entity740 have a high prevalence of @entity4346 ( @entity4346 ), which is thought to be adaptive to improve contractility and lower wall stress in the face of increased afterload and preload. The aim of this study was to determine the association between LV mass, LV performance, and LV contractility in @entity1 with @entity740 ( @entity740 ) and @entity1 undergoing chronic dialysis. METHODS AND RESULTS: Twenty-five @entity1 with @entity740 , 12 undergoing chronic dialysis, and 24 controls had echocardiographic evaluation during rest and peak exercise. LV performance was assessed by calculation of shortening fraction and heart rate-corrected velocity of circumferential fiber shortening (VCF). Contractility (VCF difference) was determined based on the relation between VCF and end-systolic wall stress. Contractile reserve was assessed by the difference between contractility at rest and peak exercise. The dialysis group had higher LVM index than the group with @entity740 (42.9+/-10.3 versus 29.9+/-9.4 g/m(2.7), P<0.001). Both groups had higher LVM index compared with controls (22.2+/-6.1 g/m(2.7), P<0.001). At rest, the @entity740 and dialysis groups had significantly higher VCF(c) (P<0.001) and VCF difference (P<0.05) and significantly lower wall stress (P<0.01) compared with the control group. Dialysis @entity1 had significantly lower contractile reserve compared with the control group (P<0.03). CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that @entity1 with @entity740 and undergoing chronic dialysis have increased LVM, LV performance, and contractility at rest. However, dialysis @entity1 have diminished contractile reserve during exercise, which might be an indicator for the development of more severe @entity299 over time.

title: Left ventricular mass and systolic performance in pediatric XXXX with chronic renal failure.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity4346 :: ('MESH:D017379', 'Disease') :: ['LVH', 'left ventricular hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['chronic renal insufficiency', 'chronic renal disease', 'CRI']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['systolic dysfunction']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: CONTEXT: @entity1 with @entity712 have a wide spectrum of mortality risks. To maximize the benefit of available pharmacotherapies, @entity1 with high mortality risk should receive high rates of drug therapy. OBJECTIVE: To examine patterns of drug therapy and underlying mortality risk in @entity1 with @entity712 . DESIGN, SETTING, AND @entity1 : In the Enhanced Feedback for Effective Cardiac Treatment (EFFECT) population-based cohort (1999-2001) of 9942 @entity1 with @entity712 hospitalized in Ontario, Canada, we evaluated 1418 @entity1 with documented left ventricular ejection fraction of 40% or less and aged 79 years or younger with low-, average-, and high-predicted risk of @entity204 within 1 year; all @entity1 survived to hospital discharge. Administration of @entity1289 ( @entity1289 ) inhibitors, @entity1289 inhibitors or angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), and beta-adrenoreceptor antagonists was evaluated according to predicted risk of @entity204 . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: @entity712 drug administration rates at time of discharge and 90 days after hospital discharge. RESULTS: At hospital discharge, prescription rates for @entity1 in the low-, average-, and high-risk groups were 81%, 73%, 60%, respectively, for @entity1289 inhibitors; 86%, 80%, 65%, respectively, for @entity1289 inhibitors or ARBs; and 40%, 33%, 24%, respectively, for beta-adrenoreceptor antagonists (all P<.001 for trend). Within 90 days following hospital discharge, the rates were 83%, 76%, and 61% for @entity1289 inhibitors; 89%, 83%, and 67% for @entity1289 inhibitors or ARBs; and 43%, 36%, and 28% for beta-adrenoreceptor antagonists for the 3 risk groups, respectively (all P<.001 for trend). The pattern of lower rates of drug administration in those @entity1 at increasing risk was maintained up to 1 year postdischarge (P<.001). After accounting for varying survival time and potential contraindications to therapy, low-risk @entity1 were more likely to receive @entity1289 inhibitors or ARBs (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 1.61; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.49-1.74) and beta-adrenoreceptor antagonists (HR, 1.80; 95% CI, 1.60-2.01) compared with high-risk @entity1 (both P<.001). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with @entity712 at greatest risk of @entity204 are least likely to receive @entity1289 inhibitors, @entity1289 inhibitors or ARBs, and beta-adrenoreceptor antagonists. Understanding the reasons underlying this mismatch may facilitate improvements in care and outcomes for @entity1 with @entity712 .

title: Risk-treatment mismatch in the pharmacotherapy of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['Heart failure', 'heart failure']

entities_list: @entity1289 :: ('1636', 'Gene') :: ['ACE', 'angiotensin-converting enzyme']

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['heart failure']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 with @entity6 ( @entity6 ) have increased vitreous levels of @entity442 , @entity5100 and IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs). This accumulation is probably caused by increased leakiness of the blood-retina barrier and influx of circulating IGFs and IGFBPs. To date, interest has focused on the role of circulating total @entity442 in the development of @entity6 , and there are only sparse data on circulating levels of free @entity442 and IGFBPs. METHODS: We compared fasting serum samples from matched groups of Type 1 @entity6 @entity1 with no @entity989 (n = 29), non- @entity6 (n = 13) and @entity6 (n = 16). We also included matched controls (n = 26). Serum was analysed for free and total @entity12067 , free plus dissociable @entity442 , @entity12068 , @entity10116 -bound @entity442 as well as @entity2301 proteolysis. RESULTS: When compared with controls, @entity6 @entity1 (n = 58) showed reduced (P < 0.0005) levels of free and total IGFs, free plus dissociable @entity442 and @entity2301 , whereas levels of @entity10116 , @entity10116 -bound @entity442 and @entity10513 were elevated. @entity2301 proteolysis remained unaltered. When comparing @entity6 @entity1 with different degrees of @entity989 , @entity10513 and @entity10116 -bound @entity442 were the only parameters that differed significantly. @entity1 with @entity989 (non- @entity6 as well as @entity6 ) had elevated @entity10513 (P < 0.03) and reduced @entity10116 -bound @entity442 (P < 0.03), when compared with @entity1 without @entity989 . Noteworthy, both parameters correlated (0.11 < r2 < 0.14, P < 0.02) with the severity of @entity989 . CONCLUSION: Our study gives no evidence of a direct role of circulating free @entity442 in the development of @entity6 , whereas @entity10513 and @entity10116 -bound @entity442 showed a relationship with the degree of @entity989 . However, further investigations are needed in order to clarify the basis and clinical relevance of this finding.

title: The relationship between the circulating IGF system and the presence of XXXX in Type 1 @entity6 @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'proliferative diabetic retinopathy', 'PDR']

entities_list: @entity442 :: ('3479', 'Gene') :: ['insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I', 'IGF-I']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['retinopathy']

answer: @entity989 :: (MESH:D012164,Disease) :: ['retinopathy']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Long-term health and economic consequences of @entity6 are of significant importance to health policy makers to identify the most efficient interventions for disease managements. However, existing data are mainly from simulation models instead of "real-world" data. The objective of this study was to longitudinally evaluate the changes of prevalence of @entity6 complications and associated healthcare costs in a nationally-representative @entity6 cohort. METHODS: We used the 2000-2011 Taiwan's Longitudinal Health Insurance Database (LHID) to conduct a population-based cohort study of 136,372 @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 . @entity6 complications of each @entity1 were calculated annually after the cohort entry by the adapted @entity2412 Severity Index (aDCSI) score (sum of @entity2412 with severity levels, range 0-13) using diagnostic codes recorded in the LHID. Study subjects were further categorized into six subgroups according to their aDCSI score (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5+) at cohort entry. Healthcare utilizations (including outpatient and inpatient visits) as well as direct medical costs for the six subgroups were estimated annually using @entity1 -level data from the LHID. RESULTS: We found the severity of @entity6 complications increased over time, especially for @entity1 with aDCSI score of 2 and above at cohort entry (at 10years of follow-up: aDCSI=0 (cohort entry), 2.37; aDCSI=1, 3.59; aDCSI=2, 4.60; aDCSI=3, 5.14; aDCSI=4, 5.96). There were significant differences in healthcare utilizations and associated medical costs among @entity1 stratified by aDCSI score (e.g. at 1year after cohort entry, mean counts of inpatient visits: 0.14 vs. 1.81 for aDCSI=0 vs.5+). Relatively high healthcare utilizations and associated medical costs in the first year of cohort entry were observed for @entity1 with aDCSI score of 4 and above at cohort entry. CONCLUSIONS: We provided the important empirical data for @entity1 -level longitudinal changes in @entity6 complications and associated healthcare utilization and medical costs among @entity1 with @entity6 .

title: Changes in prevalence of XXXX complications and associated healthcare costs during a 10-year follow-up period among a nationwide @entity6 cohort.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetic', 'diabetic', 'diabetes', 'diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity2412 :: ('MESH:D048909', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic complication', 'Diabetes Complications']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetic']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In Denmark, @entity341 ( @entity341 ) are replacing acute surgical and medical units. The aim of this study was to compare the trajectory of @entity1 undergoing surgery on the suspicion of @entity698 in a surgical assessment unit (SAU) and @entity341 with an observation unit, respectively. The primary outcome measure was the time from hospital arrival-to-decision for surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A comparative retrospective study with a cross-sectional design and a before-and-after design was carried out during January 2011 to December 2012 at a SAU and an @entity2613 at a university hospital (U-SAU and U- @entity2613 ) and at an @entity2613 at a regional hospital (R- @entity2613 ). Data included time of arrival, decision for surgery, surgery and discharge, and number of blood tests. RESULTS: In total, 250 @entity1 were included. Time to decision for surgery was 4.50, 4.95, and 4.63   h (P=0.58) in the U-SAU, R- @entity2613 , and U- @entity2613 , respectively. Time from decision for surgery to start of surgery was 4.60, 3.29, and 4.12   h in the U-SAU, R- @entity2613 , and U- @entity2613 , respectively. The difference was significant between the U-SAU and R- @entity2613 (P=0.05) and between R- @entity2613 and U- @entity2613 (P=0.03). Time from surgery to discharge from the hospital was 17.88, 19.28, and 15.13   h in the U-SAU, R- @entity2613 , and U- @entity2613 , respectively. The difference was significant between the @entity341 (P=0.02). Significantly more blood tests were performed in the @entity341 than in the U-SAU. CONCLUSION: The introduction of @entity341 with observation units did not influence time to decision for surgery, but more blood tests were performed.

title: Time delay to surgery for XXXX : no difference between surgical assessment unit and emergency department.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['emergency departments', 'EDs']

entities_list: @entity698 :: ('MESH:D001064', 'Disease') :: ['appendicitis']

answer: @entity698 :: (MESH:D001064,Disease) :: ['appendicitis']


abstract: To explore the etiological spectrum of @entity294 and its epidemiological characteristics in @entity294 symptoms surveillance cases younger than 5 years from 2009 to 2013 in Gansu province, northwest China. @entity294 surveillance were conducted in 27 sentinel sites in Gansu province and outpatients with three or more loose, watery, or sticky pus stools per day were defined as surveillance cases. All stool specimens were tested for Rotavirus, @entity1 calicivirus, @entity9504 , and Astrovirus. Totally, 1,119 cases (51.54%) were identified as any enteric virus. The average isolation rate of Rotavirus was 51.13%, Astrovirus was 10.84%, @entity9504 was 6.94%, and @entity1 calicivirus was 6.60% (P   <   0.01). Rotavirus was identified with the highest frequency among these enteric pathogens except in 2011, with a notable downward trend over time (P   <   0.01). @entity7414 was the most proportion in rotavirus, @entity39289 [8] and G9P[8] were the most common combination. Rotavirus mixed @entity1 calicivirus infections was the most common mixed infected patterns. Viral-positive rate was higher among @entity1 aged group of 0-12 and 13-24 months (P   <   0.01, respectively). The isolation rates of four enteric viral pathogens showed a similar distinct seasonal variation with a higher rate in spring, autumn, and winter months. Rotavirus was the major epidemiological viral pathogen in @entity294 symptom surveillance cases in Gansu province, northwest China, during period 2009-2013. Seasonal and age-related variations were observed in enteric viral pathogen isolation rate. The comprehensive and continuous surveillance is needed to identify the prevalence of different enteric viral pathogens.

title: Etiological epidemiology of viral diarrhea on the basis of sentinel surveillance in XXXX younger than 5 years in Gansu, northwest China, 2009-2013.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Human']

entities_list: @entity9504 :: ('MESH:D000257', 'Disease') :: ['Adenovirus']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea', 'Systematic diarrhea symptoms']

entities_list: @entity39289 :: ('p|SUB|G|3|P', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['G3P']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Cold @entity110 is caused after exposition to cold air, water and food. It is the third more frequent physical @entity110 in pediatric population. METHODS AND RESULTS: We reviewed twelve @entity1 , studied different characteristics and obtained following results: mean age is 12 years and 9 months and it is more frequent in female subjects, atopy is present in 67 % of @entity1 , other physical @entity110 are present in 25 % and there is not familial inheritance. 83 % of @entity1 have localized and generalized symptoms. Cold stimulation test is positive in 92 %. Cryoglobulins and cold @entity37689 are negative in 100 % of @entity1 in which these tests were made. There is infectious disease in only two @entity1 . @entity14746 was used in most of @entity1 and it was successful in 70 %. Mean duration is 3 years and 6 months. Only @entity1 with negative cold stimulation test remains without symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Cold @entity110 must be initially diagnosed by cold stimulation test and clinical history. @entity14746 is effective and cause less adverse effects than other antihistamines traditionally used.

title: [Cold XXXX : review of 12 cases].

entities_list: @entity14746 :: ('MESH:D017332', 'Chemical') :: ['Cetirizine']

entities_list: @entity110 :: ('MESH:D014581', 'Disease') :: ['urticaria']

entities_list: @entity37689 :: ('MESH:D000373', 'Chemical') :: ['agglutinins']

answer: @entity110 :: (MESH:D014581,Disease) :: ['urticaria']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Results of core vitrectomy in @entity3225 are poor. Our initial results of complete vitrectomy with primary @entity1346 oil endotamponade were promising. A comparative study of this procedure with conventional core vitrectomy was therefore carried out. METHODS: A prospective randomized controlled study of 24 consecutive cases of @entity3225 was conducted. @entity1 were randomized into two groups in the absence of clinical improvement after primary tap and treatment with intravitreal @entity2176 and @entity4509 : group 1 consisted of @entity1 who underwent core vitrectomy alone, group 2 of @entity1 who underwent complete vitrectomy with @entity1346 oil endotamponade. All @entity1 included in the study received intravenous antibiotics and underwent lensectomy. @entity1 were followed up 1, 2, 4 and 12 weeks postoperatively. In all @entity1 of group 2, @entity1346 oil was removed 6 weeks after primary surgery. The mean duration of follow-up was 112+/-55 days. RESULTS: Vision of 20/400 or better was obtained in 58.33% of cases (14/24). Visual acuity of only one @entity1 in group 1 was >or=20/200, compared with that of 58.3% of @entity1 (7/12) in group 2 ( P=0.02). Intra-operative @entity937 were found in 50% (6/12) of the @entity1 belonging to group 1, but did not affect the final visual outcome. In group 1, 33.33% (4/12) developed @entity1713 in the immediate post-operative period. Only one of these @entity1 had useful final visual outcome after resurgery. CONCLUSION: Complete vitrectomy with primary @entity1346 oil endotamponade is a useful treatment modality which improves the anatomical and functional results in @entity3225 .

title: Pars plana vitrectomy with or without @entity1346 oil endotamponade in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2176 :: ('MESH:D014640', 'Chemical') :: ['vancomycin']

entities_list: @entity937 :: ('MESH:D012167', 'Disease') :: ['retinal breaks']

entities_list: @entity1713 :: ('MESH:D012163', 'Disease') :: ['rhegmatogenous retinal detachment']

entities_list: @entity4509 :: ('MESH:D000583', 'Chemical') :: ['amikacin']

entities_list: @entity1346 :: ('MESH:D012828', 'Chemical') :: ['silicone']

entities_list: @entity3225 :: ('MESH:D009877', 'Disease') :: ['post-traumatic endophthalmitis']

answer: @entity3225 :: (MESH:D009877,Disease) :: ['post-traumatic endophthalmitis']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVES: To compare the trends of @entity565 mortality and place of @entity204 in young @entity1 (ages 5 to 34 years) from different major population groups in Israel. DESIGN: Retrospective study. @entity1 AND @entity1 : @entity1 who died from @entity565 between the years 1980 and 1997 according to the @entity204 record of the National Israeli Health Registry. RESULTS: During the period studied, 100 @entity565 mortality cases were reported, which yields a mean mortality rate of 0.226 per 100,000 population. There were no significant changes in the mortality rates over the years. The mean (+/- SD) age of @entity204 was 23 +/- 7 years. Of this population, 84.5% were Jews and 15.5% were Arabs, which is proportionate to the general Israeli population. In 52% of the cases, the @entity1 died outside a hospital. There was no significant difference in the place of @entity204 between Jews and Arabs. Significantly more @entity1 (62.5%) than @entity1 (40%) died outside the hospital (p = 0.025). CONCLUSIONS: The @entity565 mortality rate in Israel during the years 1980 to 1997 was low and stable. Most of the @entity1 still died outside the hospital. There was no difference in the @entity565 @entity204 rate and place of @entity204 between Jews and Arabs, suggesting that in our population genetic predisposition is not likely to be a risk factor for mortality.

title: Rate and place of XXXX from @entity565 among different ethnic groups in Israel: national trends 1980 to 1997.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS', 'PARTICIPANTS', 'men']

answer: @entity204 :: (MESH:D003643,Disease) :: ['death']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 93 Background: Cancer Care Ontario (CCO) is mandated to oversee quality of @entity5 care in Ontario and began its @entity2 ( @entity2 ) DPM initiative in 2009. DPM has 4 objectives: align provincial quality improvement (QI) initiatives by disease site; map the @entity1 journey and identify gaps in evidence/quality in clinical practice that impact care or the @entity1 experience; set and manage regional quality indicators across the pathway; and leverage tools to model the impact of policy decisions. METHODS: The @entity2 DPM drafted a disease pathway map and established 5 multidisciplinary working groups (WGs) each focussed on a phase of the @entity2 @entity1 journey: prevention, screening, and early diagnosis; diagnosis; treatment; palliative care; the @entity1 experience. WGs held 25 two-hour meetings and developed ideas for 17 QI projects. 8 were selected for discussion at a provincial consensus conference and yielded a Priorities for Action Report. Regional "roadshows" were held in all 14 regions of the province at which region-specific data on incidence, stage at diagnosis, compliance of treatment with guidelines and wait times, amongst other metrics relevant to @entity2 , were shared with the regional care providers. Funding was provided by CCO for regional QI based on the data and identified priorities. RESULTS: Completed diagnostic and treatment pathways are posted on CCO's website as are educational materials on @entity1353 management, including a @entity1 video and a document prepared by @entity1 for @entity1 "Understanding @entity2 ." Lung diagnostic assessment units/programs have been initiated in 14 regions. An audit is underway to better understand the barriers to the uniform uptake of evidence-based practices across the province. The percent of @entity2 @entity1 whose symptoms are assessed at least once a month using a standardized symptom assessment instrument (ESAS) has improved. CONCLUSIONS: Regional @entity5 programs are now aware of their performance on a range of @entity2 specific quality metrics. Standardized diagnostic and treatment pathways have been developed and assessment units have been implemented across the province.

title: Using a disease pathway management (DPM) approach to improve the quality of XXXX care in Ontario.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['Lung Cancer', 'LC']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['lung cancer']


abstract: Serum lipid levels of 168 @entity1 ranging in age from 30 to 69 were measured at a mass health screening in an urban community in Saitama prefecture. Degree of @entity28 , skinfold thickness and blood pressure were measured and the relation between these physical measurements to serum lipid levels was studied. The results are as follows: (1) Mean total @entity165 level, degree of @entity28 , systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure increased linearly with advancing age. (2) Simple correlation analysis disclosed that the level of total @entity165 was positively correlated to age, degree of @entity28 , systolic blood pressure and @entity412 level. HDL- @entity165 level showed a significantly negative correlation to degree of @entity28 , skinfold thickness and @entity412 level. Degree of @entity28 was positively correlated to skinfold @entity551 , diastolic blood pressure, total @entity165 and @entity412 level, but was negatively correlated to HDL- @entity165 . Systolic blood pressure had a positive correlation with age, degree of @entity28 , diastolic blood pressure, total @entity165 and @entity412 level. (3) Principal component analysis, when performed with the variables age, degree of @entity28 , skinfold @entity551 , diastolic blood pressure, level of total @entity165 , @entity412 and HDL- @entity165 , showed that subjects could be divided into the group having @entity28 with low HDL- @entity165 (first principal component), the @entity101 group (second principal component), and the group having @entity407 with advancing age (third principal component). (4) Multiple regression analysis was also carried out, taking HDL- @entity165 level as the dependent variable, and age, degree of @entity28 , systolic blood pressure, total @entity165 and @entity412 level as independent variables. Degree of @entity28 and @entity412 level were negatively related to HDL- @entity165 .

title: [Factors related to serum lipid levels in XXXX of middle and old age--a community study].

entities_list: @entity407 :: ('MESH:D006949', 'Disease') :: ['hyperlipidemia']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['thickness, systolic blood pressure']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: At the time of analysis, the first 30 @entity1 with Ommaya reservoirs (OR) at the @entity1 's Orthopedic Hospital and Medical Center in Seattle, Washington had had 32 reservoirs for a mean duration of 28 months. In all, the reservoir chambers had been punctured for either diagnostic or therapeutic purposes a total of 1,287 times with a mean of 40 injections per reservoir and 1.4 injections per month. Six reservoir @entity281 were diagnosed in five @entity1 --a rate of one @entity281 for every 153 reservoir-months. Four @entity281 were attributed to reservoir use--a rate of one @entity281 for every 322 reservoir entries, and less than one @entity281 in 900 entries when a standard aseptic protocol for sampling and injection was applied. There was no correlation between infectious complications and the frequency with which reservoirs were injected, but there was evidence that some of the @entity281 resulted from incomplete compliance with recommended technique for skin preparation and reservoir entry. Four @entity281 were treated successfully with intravenous and intra-reservoir antibiotics without reservoir removal. Only one reservoir had to be removed because of persistent @entity281 . Two other reservoirs were removed because of @entity130 and malfunction. Twenty-seven @entity1 (90%) retained their original reservoir, up to 9.5 years after implantation. Intraventricular chemotherapy via an indwelling subcutaneous reservoir is a preferred method for delivery of intrathecal chemotherapy, with an acceptable @entity281 risk relative to the benefits of @entity1 comfort and therapeutic efficacy.

title: Management of infectious complications of intraventricular reservoirs in cancer XXXX : low incidence and successful treatment without reservoir removal.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Children', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection', 'infections']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: @entity1 with @entity2401 often develop @entity384 and @entity712 . Histologically, @entity2401 is manifested by rare foci of @entity39 with @entity32 , while @entity296 is characterized by diffuse interstitial @entity82 , @entity1184 , and an absence of active @entity32 . The relationship between @entity296 and interstitial @entity82 is poorly understood. This relationship was examined in @entity19 that developed a diffuse @entity32 of the heart over a period of 21 days following infection with @entity9258 . Typical @entity75 (day 7) included focal zones of myocytolysis containing mononuclear and polymorphonuclear inflammatory cells that were associated with the focal loss of reticular fibers. Later pathology (days 14-21) was characterized by a sparse, diffuse @entity2401 with @entity39 . Changes within the myocardial interstitium remote from healing @entity39 foci were marked by reticular fiber thickening and disorganization, often associated with pleomorphic fibroblasts. Reticulin fiber deposition was quantitatively increased in sparsely inflamed regions of hearts from infected animals as compared to noninflamed regions from the same hearts (p < 0.005) or hearts of control animals (p < 0.001). Scanning electron microscopy revealed interstitial changes that were more extensive than indicated by routine staining with @entity1710 and @entity1711 for Masson's trichrome. The progressive changes within the cardiac interstitium during the development of @entity296 suggest that direct viral infection of fibroblasts or an interaction between the interstitium and inflammatory cells and their secreted products may contribute to pathologic changes within the interstitial collagen matrix.

title: Pathologic changes in the cardiac interstitium of XXXX infected with @entity9258 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['interstitial inflammation']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['postmyocarditic cardiomyopathy', 'cardiomyopathy', 'myocardial inflammation']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrotic', 'little ongoing necrosis', 'myocyte necrosis']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['myocyte hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['dilated cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['early lesions']

entities_list: @entity9258 :: ('12104', 'Species') :: ['encephalomyocarditis virus']

entities_list: @entity1710 :: ('MESH:D006416', 'Chemical') :: ['hematoxylin']

entities_list: @entity2401 :: ('MESH:D009205', 'Disease') :: ['myocarditis', 'interstitial myocarditis']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: We aimed to evaluate the response of dopaminergic system in @entity14469 ( @entity14469 ) and chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) by measuring @entity935 (DA) levels, its receptor densities in the frontal cortex, striatum, hippocampus, amygdala and orbito-frontal cortex regions of @entity35 brain, and investigated the corresponding behavioral locomotor changes. Involvement of D(1) receptor was also examined during @entity14469 and CUS using @entity14369 , a D(1) selective agonist. @entity35 were exposed to @entity14469 (single immobilization for 150 min) and CUS (two different stressors for 7 days). @entity14469 significantly decreased the DA levels in the striatum and hippocampus, and @entity14369 pretreatment significantly reverted these changes. However, in the frontal cortex significantly increased DA levels were remain unchanged following @entity14369 . CUS led to a decrease of DA levels in the frontal cortex, striatum and hippocampus, which were normalized by @entity14369 . Saturation radioligand binding assays revealed a significant decrease in the number of D(1)-like receptors in the frontal cortex during CUS, which were further decreased by @entity14369 pretreatment. However, in the striatum and hippocampus, @entity14369 pretreatment reduced the CUS induced increase in the number of D(1)-like receptors. No significant changes were observed in the amygdala and orbito-frontal cortex during @entity14469 and CUS, while D(2)-like receptors were unchanged in all the brain regions studied. Locomotor activity was significantly decreased in both the stress models, @entity14369 pretreatment significantly increased stereotypic counts and horizontal activity. Thus, present investigation provide insights into the differential regional response of dopaminergic system during @entity14469 and CUS. Further, neurochemical and behavioral effects of D(1) agonist pretreatment suggest specific modulatory role of D(1) receptor under such stressful episodes.

title: Differential response of central dopaminergic system in acute and chronic unpredictable stress models in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity14469 :: ('MESH:D040701', 'Disease') :: ['AS', 'acute stress']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: Surgical resection is the treatment of choice for @entity1 with locally confined disease, but early @entity5 may be adequately treated by endoscopic resection alone. In advanced @entity14 , accurate staging including pathological lymph node assessment is crucial for @entity1 counselling and decision making. In addition to the extent of surgical lymph node removal and the thoroughness of the pathologist in dissecting the @entity5 specimen lymph node recovery is related to the actual number of regional lymph nodes that is related to @entity1 demographics, @entity5 location and biology. Current guidelines recommend a minimum of twelve nodes harvested as the standard of care. In @entity1 with node-negative @entity5 a variety of histological features may be used for adjusted risk assessment, including histological subtyping, lymphatic and venous invasion, @entity5 budding and @entity5 @entity39 as well as the anti- @entity5 host inflammatory response which has been identified as favorable feature in several studies. In @entity5 , involvement of the circumferential resection margin and the plane of surgery are important prognostic factors. Early or superficial @entity14 is defined as invasive @entity420 invading into, but not beyond the submucosa. A number of features require special attention because they are used to determine the necessity for radical surgery. In addition to the assessment of completeness of excision, these include the recording of parameters that predict the presence of lymph node @entity3 , namely the depth of invasion into the submucosa, @entity5 grade, and the presence of additional risk factors, such as angioinvasion and @entity5 budding. The combination of these parameters allows the stratification of affected individuals into low-risk and high-risk categories.

title: Pathological evaluation of XXXX specimens: advanced and early lesions.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancers', 'cancer', 'rectal cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancers', 'colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: Background. @entity1643 , especially at night, is often the main subjective symptom in @entity39 of the @entity2738 . During this period, limitations of the final phase of the range of @entity717 (especially inward rotation and abduction) constitute an objective symptom. Careful examination of both @entity572 typically reveals asymmetry in the range of movement. Scintigraphy is decisive for the diagnosis. The real source of the @entity158 is in the hip, but their common location in the lumbosacral area and the buttocks often leads to mistaken diagnosis. Material and methods. In the Orthopedics, Traumatology and Rehabilitation Clinic in Lublin 86 @entity1 (41 @entity1 , 45 @entity1 ), ranging in age from 19 to 69 years (mean age 42) were treated for @entity39 of the @entity2738 (116 hips). Disturbances of blood supply to both femoral heads were found in 30 cases. Results. Ineffective treatment of 18 @entity1 (20.9%) by neurologists and neurosurgeons, who performed unnecessary discectomies in 4 @entity1 , delayed diagnosis of @entity39 in 26 femoral heads (22%). The errors were discovered only in the third or fourth phases of the disease, when the only effective remaining treatment is hip arthroplasty. Conclusions. In @entity1 with @entity1643 , examination of the range of @entity717 is indispensable. If even a slight limitation of the range of movement is detection, hip x-rays should be made in two projections. If there is suspicion of early radionegative disturbances of the blood supply to the @entity2738 , scintigraphy is decisive.

title: XXXX and pseudoradicular signs in avascular necrosis of the @entity2738 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1643 :: ('MESH:D017116', 'Disease') :: ['low back and buttock pain', 'Deceptive low back and buttock pain']

entities_list: @entity572 :: ('MESH:D006617', 'Disease') :: ['hip joints']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['hip movement']

entities_list: @entity2738 :: ('MESH:D005271', 'Disease') :: ['femoral head']

answer: @entity1643 :: (MESH:D017116,Disease) :: ['Deceptive low back pain']


abstract: This study characterized the relationship between clinical response, serum rituximab concentrations, and peripheral B-cell levels in @entity1 with @entity309 treated with rituximab. Data were analyzed from a double-blind, phase IIa trial in which 161 @entity1 with active @entity309 despite continuing @entity1499 were randomized to @entity1499 alone (10-25 mg/wk), rituximab alone (single course: 1000 mg administered intravenously on days 1 and 15), rituximab plus @entity786 (750 mg administered intravenously on days 3 and 17), or rituximab plus @entity1499 . Serum samples for pharmacokinetic analysis were collected through 24 weeks, and peripheral circulating @entity1075 + B-cell levels were measured through 48 weeks. All treatments were generally well tolerated, with no clinically relevant excess of adverse events leading to withdrawal among @entity1 who received rituximab compared with those who received @entity1499 alone. The proportions of @entity1 who achieved an American College of Rheumatology score of 50 at week 24 were 13% ( @entity1499 alone), 33% (rituximab alone), 41% (rituximab plus @entity786 ), and 43% (rituximab plus @entity1499 ). Peripheral B-cell depletion occurred by day 15 in all @entity1 treated with rituximab. There was no relationship between B-cell depletion and clinical response. Recovery of peripheral B cells was variable and showed no relationship with @entity66 activity in @entity1 who responded to rituximab. The mean terminal half-life of rituximab was 19 to 22 days; pharmacokinetic parameters were similar whether rituximab was administered alone or with @entity1499 or @entity786 . Because the level of peripherally circulating B cells does not appear to correlate with a maintained clinical response in @entity1 with @entity309 , the timing of rituximab retreatment should be based on clinical symptoms rather than peripheral B-cell levels.

title: Rituximab pharmacokinetics in XXXX with @entity309 : B-cell levels do not correlate with clinical response.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['return of disease']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Many of the experimental approaches used in the search for new targeted drug delivery systems ignore the disseminated nature of metastatic disease; the development of more @entity5 models is therefore a priority. A reproducible and @entity5 -specific model has been generated by inoculating (C57BL/6 x BALB/c) F1 (Ly-2.2+) @entity19 i.v. with the Ly-2.1+ @entity19 ITT(1) 75NS E3 @entity6732 (E3). At a dose of 2 x 10(6) cells, E3 @entity5 grew in a disseminated fashion, arising initially and predominantly in the lung and kidney, and later and less often in the thymus, spleen, and other tissues. In addition, histopathological examination and flow cytometry of blood did not detect E3 @entity5 cells in most other organs or in the circulation throughout the course of disease. The @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) of untreated @entity19 was both reproducible and proportional to the number of E3 @entity5 cells injected and was therefore used to demonstrate the suitability of this model for immunochemotherapeutic studies. When examining the antitumor efficacy of @entity8779 -monoclonal antibody conjugates, it was observed that the survival times of treated @entity19 were consistent within groups and between experiments. The disseminated E3 (Ly-2.1+) @entity5 model, like the s.c. E3 @entity5 model, demonstrated the dose-dependent efficacy of @entity8779 -anti-Ly-2.1 conjugate treatment and illustrated both the negligible antitumor activity and @entity137 of @entity8779 alone. Furthermore, lung and kidney weight measurements formally demonstrated that the increased @entity1349 of treated @entity19 represented a reduction of E3 @entity5 burden in these organs. This model provides a useful tool for study of the immunochemotherapy of disseminated @entity5 in @entity19 and further illustrates the antitumor activity of @entity8779 -monoclonal antibody conjugates.

title: Antitumor activity of XXXX -monoclonal antibody conjugates in a disseminated @entity6732 model.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'relevant tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity8779 :: ('MESH:D015255', 'Chemical') :: ['idarubicin']

entities_list: @entity6732 :: ('MESH:D013953', 'Disease') :: ['thymic lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['mean survival time', 'MST']

answer: @entity8779 :: (MESH:D015255,Chemical) :: ['idarubicin']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The usual practice in pediatric anesthesia cases requiring a laryngeal mask airway is to place an intravenous line (IV) prior to laryngeal mask airway placement. A different approach that has several clinical advantages is to place the laryngeal mask airway prior to the IV. We describe our experience with this technique, using heart rate as an indicator of adequate anesthetic depth. In addition, we analyzed heart rate data in @entity1 undergoing @entity2614 inductions, looking for age-related differences. METHODS: Following a @entity2614 induction, heart rates were recorded every 12  s for 3  min in 127 ASA I-II @entity1 under age 7. Laryngeal mask airway placement occurred when the heart rate dropped at least 10% from its maximum level or at 3  min. Ease of laryngeal mask airway placement was graded using a scale from 0 to 3. Endtidal @entity2614 concentration, occurrence of @entity8822 and blood pressure at laryngeal mask airway placement were also recorded. RESULTS: The laryngeal mask airway was successfully placed on the first attempt in all 127 @entity1 . Easy placement was noted in 98.4%. The youngest @entity1 's heart rates peaked earlier than the oldest (P  <  0.001), while time to laryngeal mask airway placement increased with increasing age (P  <  0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Laryngeal mask airway placement before an IV is a safe alternative to the usual mask-IV-laryngeal mask airway sequence. Our data compare favorably to other studies where ease of laryngeal mask airway placement was reported. This technique has several advantages including securing the airway first for an anticipated difficult IV placement. Heart rate changes during a @entity2614 induction appear to be age-dependent.

title: Laryngeal mask airway placement in XXXX prior to an intravenous line utilizing heart rate as an indicator of anesthetic depth.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity8822 :: ('MESH:D007826', 'Disease') :: ['laryngospasm']

entities_list: @entity2614 :: ('MESH:C009250', 'Chemical') :: ['sevoflurane']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: PURPOSE: To report a rare complication related to epidural analgesia for obstetrics: the association of unilateral trigeminal and @entity2103 in a @entity1 with the clinical syndrome of @entity551 . CLINICAL FEATURES: A 38-yr-old @entity1 was admitted in pre-term labour (at 35 wk gestation). She was receiving 40 mg @entity284 po daily for @entity4784 . Epidural analgesia for labour was established with 9 ml @entity1341 0.25%. The @entity1 underwent normal vaginal delivery of a 2500 g female @entity1 . She developed post-dural puncture @entity10 (PDPH) on the third postpartum day which was managed by palliative measures: bed rest ( @entity1 's position of choice), increased hydration (water: 3 litres po per day), @entity27983 (5.4 g po per day) and @entity5834 (600 mg po per day). She developed paraesthesiae and numbness of the right side of the face one day after the onset of PDPH and unilateral @entity2103 two days later. There was no evidence of dural puncture and no cause was found. Treatment of the @entity129 with @entity1503 patch or epidural dextran 40 was not considered to be indicated. @entity10 disappeared on the 10th postpartum day and trigeminal palsy regressed. At the time of discharge, on the 17th postpartum day, neurological examination showed minimal facial assimetry. The @entity1 refused further exploration and follow-up. CONCLUSION: Post delivery trigeminal and @entity2103 in a 38 yr old @entity1 recovered spontaneously with conservative therapy.

title: Unilateral trigeminal and XXXX associated with epidural analgesia in labour.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity129 :: ('MESH:D003389', 'Disease') :: ['nerve palsies']

entities_list: @entity27983 :: ('MESH:C010395', 'Chemical') :: ['lysine acetyl salicylate']

entities_list: @entity4784 :: ('MESH:D009293', 'Disease') :: ['opioid addiction']

entities_list: @entity5834 :: ('MESH:D002110', 'Chemical') :: ['caffeine']

entities_list: @entity2103 :: ('MESH:D005155', 'Disease') :: ['facial nerve palsies', 'facial nerve palsy']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['epidural blood']

entities_list: @entity1341 :: ('MESH:D002045', 'Chemical') :: ['bupivacaine']

entities_list: @entity284 :: ('MESH:D008691', 'Chemical') :: ['methadone']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache', 'Headache']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial hypotension']

answer: @entity2103 :: (MESH:D005155,Disease) :: ['facial nerve palsies']


abstract: The efficacy and @entity137 profile of @entity1311 ( @entity1311 ) was studied in 33 Singaporean @entity1 with @entity43 who had either failed to respond or relapsed after an initial response to first-line chemotherapy with combined @entity902 and @entity786 . @entity1311 was given intravenously as a single agent at a dose of 200 mg/m2 over 3 hours, with standard pre-medication, at 4 weekly intervals. A total of 102 cycles were administered. The median number of cycles was 3 (range 1 to 8) per @entity1 . Twenty-six @entity1 were eligible for response evaluation. Six (23.2%) @entity1 showed a complete response and 4 (15.4%) showed a partial response. Two (7.7%) @entity1 had stable disease and 14 (53.8%) @entity1 had progressive disease. The response rate was 22.2% (2 of 9 @entity1 ) for @entity1 with progressive disease while on the first-line @entity902 -based chemotherapy, 37.5% (3 of 8 @entity1 ) for @entity1 with response-relapse interval of less than 6 months, 40.0% (2 of 5 @entity1 ) for @entity1 with response-relapse interval of 6 to 12 months, and 75% (3 of 4 @entity1 ) for @entity1 with response-relapse interval of more than 12 months. The median duration of survival was 10 months for the entire cohort of @entity1 , but all complete responders and 75% of partial responders survived the duration of the study period of 24 months, compared to 50% of @entity1 with stable disease and 7% of @entity1 with progressive disease. @entity137 of @entity1311 treatment was evaluated in 102 cycles. Grade 3 or 4 alopecia, grade 1 or 2 @entity1897 and mild @entity1671 occurred in all @entity1 . @entity137 was mild, with 9.8% of the cycles complicated by grade 3 or 4 @entity1398 . @entity236 was of short duration. No treatment delay or dose modification was needed. It is concluded that the effectiveness of @entity1311 for salvage treatment of @entity1 with resistant or relapsed @entity43 after first-line @entity902 -based chemotherapy among Asian @entity1 is comparable to that reported in Western populations. The treatment was well tolerated by our @entity1 . It should be considered the chemotherapy of choice for @entity1 with relapsed @entity43 after prior @entity902 -based chemotherapy.

title: Single agent @entity1311 in resistant and relapsed @entity43 after first-line XXXX -based chemotherapy--experience in an Asian population.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cancer', 'epithelial ovarian carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1671 :: ('MESH:D005483', 'Disease') :: ['facial flush']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'Toxicity', 'Haematological toxicity']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel', 'Paclitaxel', 'Taxol']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['sensory peripheral neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity236 :: ('MESH:D001855', 'Disease') :: ['Bone marrow suppression']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['platinum']

answer: @entity902 :: (MESH:D010984,Chemical) :: ['platinum']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the necessity of circumferential decompression and fusion in @entity1 with severe multilevel cervical @entity602 with @entity1745 . METHODS: This prospective study involved 51 @entity1 with severe multilevel circumferential cervical @entity602 underwent two-stage circumferential procedure between July 2008 and June 2010. VAS scores, satisfaction surveys and JOA scores and imaging studies were obtained. Twenty-three @entity1 (45.1%) underwent two-stage surgery (group A); the other 28 @entity1 (54.9%) were satisfied with the outcomes after first-stage surgery, and the second-stage surgery was avoided (group B). Age, sex and symptom duration did not differ between the groups. RESULTS: @entity1 were followed up for 3-5 years (mean, 42.5 months). In group A, VAS and JOA scores significantly improved from 63.3 and 7.9 to 38.3 and 10.4, respectively, at 3 months after the first-stage operation and 10.2 and 12.7, respectively, at 3 months after the second-stage operation. In group B, the VAS and JOA scores significantly improved from 62.7 and 7.9 to 31.1 and 11.2 respectively, at 3 months and 18.2 and 12.4, respectively at 6 months. @entity1 satisfaction rate significantly increased from 43.5% after the first-stage operation to 82.6% after the second-stage operation in group A. In group B, this rate was 89.3%. In group A, cervical spine @entity1515 increased from 12.8   preoperatively to 18.5   (p   <   .0001) and 19.1   (p   >   .05) at 3 months after the first-stage and second-stage operations, respectively. In group B, @entity1515 significantly increased from 12.5   preoperatively to 18.8   at 3 months. The total complication rate did not significantly differ from the rates after a single surgery (either anterior or posterior). CONCLUSION: Only 45.1% @entity1 required surgery via both approaches. Therefore, a two-stage procedure is a rational choice and safe procedure. If outcomes are unsatisfactory after the first-stage operation, a second-stage operation can be performed.

title: Surgical treatment of severe multilevel circumferential compressive XXXX of the cervical spine: is circumferential procedure necessary?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity602 :: ('MESH:D013118', 'Disease') :: ['myelopathy', 'spondylotic myelopathy']

entities_list: @entity1745 :: ('MESH:D013117', 'Disease') :: ['circumferential cord compression']

answer: @entity602 :: (MESH:D013118,Disease) :: ['myelopathy']


abstract: @entity14972 ( @entity14972 ) is an unusual @entity5 of infancy and early childhood. It typically presents as a solitary or multicentric nodular mass involving skin, soft tissue, bone, or viscera. We describe 2 cases of @entity14972 ( @entity14972 ) of the soft tissue with typical light microscopic features. The first is a 7-month-old @entity1 who had a rapidly growing @entity5 of the right thigh. The @entity5 , measuring 7.0 x 6.0 x 3.5 cm was completely removed, but the @entity1 was lost to follow-up after surgery. The second case, a 2-year-old @entity1 , was referred from a local clinic due to a non-tender mass in the left abdominal wall. The @entity5 , measuring 2.0 x 2.0 x 1.6 cm, was completely excised. No recurrence or malignant transformation was found after 22 months of follow-up. The histopathologic, histochemical, and immunohistochemical features of the @entity5 were studied. Reticulin preparation showed that the @entity5 cells were outside the reticulin sheath of the vascular spaces and were individually enclosed by reticulin fibers. Tests for @entity2277 , anti-alpha-smooth muscle actin, and myoglobin were positive in the neoplastic spindle cells. @entity14972 has a variable appearance on radiologic images and often mimics an aggressive @entity5 . These factors can make a rapid and correct diagnosis difficult. @entity14972 must be considered in the differential diagnosis in any @entity1 who presents with either @entity5 , particularly those occurring in the neonatal period.

title: XXXX : report of two cases.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'fragile tumor', 'solitary or multiple tumors', 'neoplasm', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['child', 'patient', 'boy']

entities_list: @entity14972 :: ('MESH:C562978', 'Disease') :: ['solitary infantile myofibromatosis', 'Infantile myofibromatosis', 'IM']

answer: @entity14972 :: (MESH:C562978,Disease) :: ['Solitary infantile myofibromatosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity301 ( @entity301 ) has reached 'epidemic' proportions in South Africa. @entity301 is uncommon in the black population of South Africa, yet the prevalence of @entity101 in the adult black population is high. DESIGN: This study compared the blood pressure profile in 154 medical students of which 83 were Indians (1), 71 were black (B), 87 were male (50 I, 37 B), and 67 were female (33 I, 34 B) age 21 (SD+/-1.6), using the cuff method and 24 h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM). METHODS: All students underwent ABPM. Biochemical studies for @entity301 risk factors were done. Electrocardiography (ECG) was performed in all @entity1 and echocardiography in 90. RESULTS: ABPM showed that black students had higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure throughout the day, night and critical time periods compared with the Indian students. Blood pressure load was higher in black (40.8%) than in Indian @entity1 (29.6%; P<0.05) and there was less dipping at night Left ventricular mass was significantly higher in black than in Indian @entity1 (29.6%; P<0.05) and there was less dipping at night. Left ventricular mass was significantly higher in black than in Indian @entity1 . Risk factors leading to @entity301 were more common in Indian than in black @entity1 . Those with borderline @entity101 (blood pressure > or = 130/85 and < or = 140/90 mmHg) had statistically higher serum @entity412 and left ventricular mass than normotensives. CONCLUSIONS: Young black @entity1 had higher blood pressure readings than young Indian @entity1 in the absence of @entity209 and had greater cardiac involvement Borderline @entity101 is not innocuous. Metabolic risk factors for @entity301 in Indian @entity1 are apparent at an early age. This study emphasizes the need for prevention of risk factors leading to @entity301 at an early age.

title: Ambulatory blood pressure and risk factors for XXXX in black and Indian medical students.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'people']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['CHD', 'Coronary heart disease']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic abnormalities']

answer: @entity301 :: (MESH:D003327,Disease) :: ['coronary heart disease']


abstract: Plasma @entity2671 (A) levels and plasma @entity7042 (E1) levels were measured by radioimmunoassay in a total of 135 healthy @entity1 (the control group), around the menopause. Both A and E1 plasma levels were found to drop significantly in the post-menopausal @entity1 (P less than 0.001). The mean plasma levels of A and E1 found in these healthy @entity1 were compared with the same plasma levels found in a total of 96 hospitalized @entity1 who were found to have various gynaecological disorders. Out of the total 96 @entity1 , 29 were post-menopausal and had @entity420 . The mean plasma levels of A and E1 were not significantly different in comparison with the norm. The mean body weight of the @entity5 @entity1 was slightly higher than the mean body weight of the healthy @entity1 . There were 25 other @entity1 , around the menopause, who had @entity1373 of the endometrium. The mean plasma levels of @entity2671 found in these @entity1 were significantly higher than the mean levels found in the healthy group of @entity1 ; both groups were similar in body weight. The @entity7042 levels found in these @entity1 were within the normal range. The remaining 42 @entity1 , around the menopause, were affected with dysfunctional uterine @entity548 , without @entity1869 . The plasma @entity2671 levels were within the normal range. @entity7042 plasma levels were not measured in this group of @entity1 . This study investigates the possible differences found in the endocrine plasma levels of @entity1 with @entity1373 and @entity420 .

title: Plasma @entity2671 and XXXX levels before and after the menopause. I. @entity1373 and @entity420 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity1373 :: ('MESH:D006965', 'Disease') :: ['glandular hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma of the endometrium']

entities_list: @entity7042 :: ('CHEBI:17263', 'Chemical') :: ['oestrone', 'Oestrone']

entities_list: @entity1869 :: ('MESH:D004714', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity2671 :: ('MESH:D000735', 'Chemical') :: ['androstenedione']

answer: @entity7042 :: (CHEBI:17263,Chemical) :: ['oestrone']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Shortening door-to-needle time may lead to inadvertent @entity5275 ( @entity5275 ) administration in @entity64 mimics (SMs). We sought to determine the safety of @entity5275 in SMs using prospective, single-center data and by conducting a comprehensive meta-analysis of reported case-series. METHODS: We prospectively analyzed consecutive @entity5275 -treated @entity1 during a 5-year period at a tertiary care @entity64 center. A systematic review and meta-analysis of case-series reporting safety of @entity5275 in SMs and confirmed acute @entity385 were conducted. Symptomatic @entity1779 was defined as imaging evidence of ICH with an National Institutes of Health @entity64 scale increase of >= 4 points. Favorable functional outcome at hospital discharge was defined as a modified Rankin Scale score of 0 to 1. RESULTS: Of 516 consecutive @entity5275 @entity1 at our tertiary care center (50% @entity1 ; mean age, 60  14 years; median National Institutes of Health @entity64 scale, 11; range, 3-22), SMs comprised 75 cases. Symptomatic @entity1779 occurred in 1 @entity1 , whereas we documented no cases of @entity4 or major @entity548 . In meta-analysis of 9 studies (8942 @entity5275 -treated @entity1 ), the pooled rates of symptomatic @entity1779 and @entity4 among 392 @entity1 with SM treated with @entity5275 were 0.5% (95% confidence interval, 0%-2%) and 0.3% (95% confidence interval, 0%-2%), respectively. @entity1 with SM were found to have a significantly lower risk for symptomatic @entity1779 compared with @entity1 with acute @entity385 (risk ratio=0.33; 95% confidence interval, 0.14-0.77; P=0.010), with no evidence of heterogeneity or publication bias. Favorable functional outcome was almost 3-fold higher in @entity1 with SM in comparison with @entity1 with acute @entity385 (risk ratio=2.78; 95% confidence interval, 2.07-3.73; P<0.00001). CONCLUSIONS: Our prospective, single-center experience coupled with the findings of the comprehensive meta-analysis underscores the safety of @entity5275 in SM.

title: Safety of XXXX in @entity64 mimics: prospective 5-year study and comprehensive meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'Stroke']

entities_list: @entity5275 :: ('MESH:D015819', 'Disease') :: ['IVT', 'intravenous thrombolysis']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['extracranial hemorrhagic complications']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['orolingual edema']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['intracerebral hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity5275 :: (MESH:D015819,Disease) :: ['intravenous thrombolysis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: In the treatment of @entity6019 , it is still not clear whether adjuvant radiation therapy improves the outcome. We wish to summarize the experiences we gathered from treating 15 @entity1 over a period of 18 years, and to compare these to results from literature. @entity1 AND METHODS: According to the 1989 FIGO classification for @entity1204 , 11 (73%) of the 15 @entity1 analyzed presented stage I, 1 presented stage II, and 3 presented @entity5 . Of these, 11 @entity1 (73%) had high grade @entity674 and 4 had low grade @entity674 . All @entity1 were treated with surgery and adjuvant radiation therapy. Total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy was performed on 11 @entity1 (73%), vaginal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy on 2 @entity1 , and total abdominal hysterectomy on 2 @entity1 . Combined radiotherapy was performed on 13 @entity1 (93%), while isolated brachytherapy and isolated external beam therapy were each performed on 1 @entity1 . External beam therapy was administrated in daily fractions of 1.6-2.0 Gy up to a total dose of 37-57 Gy to the pelvis. RESULTS: Follow up ranged from 23 to 170 months (mean: 80 mths). 10 @entity1 (67%) are still alive without @entity5 , and 5 @entity1 have died. Of these, one died due to @entity66 , one due to @entity0 , and 3 due to @entity6019 , presenting distant @entity3 within one year after therapy. Only one @entity1 presented with an additional local recurrence. The overall actuarial survival and the disease specific survival rate was 72% and 79% respectively after 5 years, and 60% and 79% after 10 years. The overall local control rate was 93% after 5 years. There were no severe acute side effects and no late side effects. CONCLUSION: In our experience, the most effective treatment for @entity1 with @entity6019 is total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy followed by adjuvant radiation therapy, due to the excellent local monitoring possibilities in all stages of disease, and a good disease specific survival in early stages.

title: Surgery and adjuvant radiation therapy of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1204 :: ('MESH:D016889', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['intercurrent disease']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast-cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'stage III sarcoma']

entities_list: @entity6019 :: ('MESH:D018203', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial stromal sarcoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity674 :: ('MESH:D046152', 'Disease') :: ['stromal sarcoma']

answer: @entity6019 :: (MESH:D018203,Disease) :: ['endometrial stromal sarcoma']


abstract: The applicability of cross-linked hydrogels in forming solid molecular dispersions to enhance the delivery of poorly soluble drugs has not been fully explored. The purpose of this study is to characterize physicochemical parameters affecting the formation of solid molecular dispersions of poorly water-soluble drugs in @entity27023 ( @entity26337 ) hydrogels and to investigate the effect of storage humidity levels on their physical stability. Samples were prepared by an equilibrium solvent loading process, using @entity3522 , @entity5230 and naproxen as model drugs. These were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), as well as changes in the physical state during storage under different humidity conditions. The results show that a threshold drug loading level of about 30% exists in these solid molecular dispersions, above which amorphous to crystalline transition may occur. At any given drug loading, the onset of such change in physical state is accelerated at higher relative humidity levels during storage. The presence of @entity3884 bonding between the polymer and the drug, as reflected in the observed FTIR band shifts, improves the compatibility between the drug and the polymer. This, together with a decreased mobility in the glassy polymer, helps to retard the crystallization event below the loading threshold. An increase in dissolution rate is also observed from the polymeric solid molecular dispersion as compared with that of the crystalline pure drug. These physicochemical results indicate that solid molecular dispersions based on PHEMA hydrogels can effectively enhance the dissolution and therefore should be potentially useful in improving the oral bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs.

title: Solid molecular dispersions of poorly water-soluble drugs in XXXX hydrogels.

entities_list: @entity5230 :: ('MESH:D010894', 'Chemical') :: ['piroxicam']

entities_list: @entity3884 :: ('MESH:D006859', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrogen']

entities_list: @entity3522 :: ('MESH:D004008', 'Chemical') :: ['diclofenac sodium']

entities_list: @entity27023 :: ('CHEBI:60758', 'Chemical') :: ['poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)']

answer: @entity27023 :: (CHEBI:60758,Chemical) :: ['poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Intertrochanteric femoral @entity174 are usually encountered in the elderly, leading to morbidity and even mortality due to age-related systemic complications. In this study, we evaluated the use of a modular axial fixator device in the treatment of intertrochanteric femoral @entity174 . METHODS: Intertrochanteric femoral @entity174 of 25 @entity1 (18 females, 7 males; mean age 70 years; range 18 to 91 years) were treated by the use of a modular axial fixator. The @entity174 were classified according to the Boyd-Griffin classification. Surgery was performed after a mean of 5.76 days following @entity130 . The @entity1 were allowed to walk using crutches on the second postoperative day and a single crutch after sufficient callus formation was radiologically determined. Final evaluations were made by the Foster's classification. The mean follow-up was 12 months (range 6 to 24 months). RESULTS: The mean operation duration was 34 minutes. Union was achieved in all @entity1 after a mean of 12.3 weeks (range 9 to 18 weeks). Three @entity1 (12%) developed @entity85 of 3, 5, and 9 degrees, respectively. Shortening in a range of 1 cm to 1.5 cm was detected in three @entity1 (12%). Postoperatively, 10 @entity1 developed pin tract infections, none of which required revision or removal of the fixator. Final evaluations yielded excellent and good anatomical results in 72% and 28%, and functional results in 80% and 20%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Reducing both the operation time and the immobilization period is of vital importance particularly in elderly @entity1 with intertrochanteric femoral @entity174 . Due to its short length, the modular axial fixator offers significant advantages including higher tolerability, rapid weight bearing allowance, and achievement of union without seriously complicating events.

title: [Treatment of intertrochanteric femoral XXXX with the use of a modular axial fixator device].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['varus deformity']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['fractures']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness of biologics after rituximab (RTX) treatment in @entity309 . METHODS: The effectiveness of @entity310 inhibitors (TNFi), abatacept (ABA) or tocilizumab (TCZ) was examined in @entity1 previously treated with RTX using clinical data collected in the Collaborative Registries for the Evaluation of Rituximab in @entity309 Collaborative registry. @entity1 had stopped RTX 6 months or less prior to the new biologic and had a baseline visit within 21 days of starting the new biologic. RESULTS: Two hundred and sixty-five @entity1 were analysed after 6 months of treatment. @entity1 on TCZ (n = 86) had a greater decline of DAS28-ESR and clinical disease activity index than @entity1 on TNFi (n = 89) or ABA (n = 90). This effect was also seen after adjusting for baseline @entity229 use and the number of previous biologics. The mean DAS28-ESR scores in @entity1 on TCZ were 1.0 (95% CI: 0.2, 1.7) and 1.8 (95% CI: 1.0, 2.5) points lower than in @entity1 on TNFi or ABA, respectively. In @entity1 on TCZ, the clinical disease activity index was 9.4 (95% CI: 1.7, 16.1) and 8.1 (95% CI: 0.9, 15.3) points lower than on TNFi and ABA, respectively. @entity1 on TCZ more frequently had good EULAR responses than @entity1 on TNFi or ABA (66 vs 31 vs 14%, P < 0.001). The HAQ disability index improved in all treatment groups (P < 0.001), but did not differ between biologics, as did drug retention rates. The reasons for discontinuation of RTX and the number of previous biologics had no influence on outcomes. CONCLUSION: In this observational cohort of @entity1 who discontinued RTX, TCZ provided a better control of @entity309 than ABA or TNFi.

title: Rituximab done: what's next in @entity309 ? A European observational longitudinal study assessing the effectiveness of biologics after rituximab treatment in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

answer: @entity309 :: (MESH:D001172,Disease) :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity3986 ( @entity3986 ) is a heterogeneous disease entity. The detailed clinical manifestation and causative gene for each subgroup of @entity3986 are quite variable. This study aims to analyze the phenotypes and genotypes of Taiwanese @entity1 with @entity3986 as the epidemiology of @entity3986 varies among populations and has been scantly described in Asia. METHODS: A total of 48 @entity1 suspected to have @entity3986 were screened and categorized by histochemistry and immunohistochemistry studies. Different genetic analyses, including next-generation sequencing (NGS), were selected, based on the clinical and pathological findings. RESULTS: We identified 17 @entity1 with sarcolemma-specific @entity1413 (SSCD), 6 @entity1 with @entity24964 , two with reduced alpha-dystroglycan staining, and two with striking lymphocyte infiltration in addition to dystrophic change on muscle pathology. Fourteen in 15 @entity1 with SSCD, were shown to have @entity16583 , @entity15029 or @entity15317 mutations by NGS analysis; all showed marked distal hyperlaxity and normal intelligence but the overall severity was less than in previously reported @entity1 from other populations. All six @entity1 with @entity24964 had mutations in @entity34221 . They showed relatively uniform phenotype that were compatible with previous studies, except for higher proportion of @entity1032 with @entity302 . With reduced alpha-dystroglycan staining, one @entity1 was found to carry mutations in @entity42915 while another @entity1 carried mutations in @entity65846 . @entity4223 mutations were found in the two @entity1 with inflammatory change on muscle pathology. They were clinically characterized by neck flexion limitation and @entity1159 , but no cardiac problem had developed yet. CONCLUSION: Muscle pathology remains helpful in guiding further molecular analyses by direct sequencing of certain genes or by target capture/NGS as a second-tier diagnostic tool, and is crucial for establishing the genotype-phenotype correlation. We also determined the frequencies of the different types of @entity3986 in our cohort which is important for the development of a specific care system for each disease.

title: Comprehensive target capture/next-generation sequencing as a second-tier diagnostic approach for XXXX in Taiwan.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['mental retardation']

entities_list: @entity24964 :: ('MESH:C537384', 'Disease') :: ['merosin deficiency']

entities_list: @entity3986 :: ('MESH:D009136', 'Disease') :: ['Congenital muscular dystrophy', 'CMD']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity1159 :: ('MESH:D003286', 'Disease') :: ['early joint contracture']

entities_list: @entity1413 :: ('MESH:D003095', 'Disease') :: ['collagen VI deficiency']

answer: @entity3986 :: (MESH:D009136,Disease) :: ['congenital muscular dystrophy']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess thyroid function abnormalities in survivors of severe @entity542 and to examine their relationship with indices of @entity1545 severity. DESIGN: Prospective study. SETTING: General intensive care unit (ICU) in a university hospital. @entity1 AND @entity1 : Twenty-two (21 @entity1 ) head-injured @entity1 , with a median age of 25.5 years at the time of injury, were investigated. Severity of @entity131 was assessed by Glasgow @entity772 Scale (GCS) score, Marshall Computerized Tomographic Classification, intracranial pressure levels and serum S-100b concentrations measured over a 6-day period. INTERVENTIONS: Thyroid function testing was performed 1 year after ICU discharge and included the measurement of free @entity1955 , @entity1954 and @entity7287 . MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: On admission to the ICU, GCS ranged from 3 to 8. Peak S-100b was 1.49 microg/l (range: 0.37-5.26 microg/l). Median @entity1954 and thyrotropin were 123 ng/dl and 1.60 microIU/ml, respectively. Free @entity1955 was 1.08+/-0.22 ng/dl (range: 0.7-1.5 ng/dl). Overall, 7 of the 22 @entity1 (32%) had @entity1374 . Four @entity1 had @entity1375 and three @entity1 had @entity1375 . Peak S-100b correlated negatively with free @entity1955 (r=-0.47, p=0.02). There were no correlations between other @entity1545 severity indices and thyroid hormone levels. CONCLUSIONS: A significant subset of @entity1545 @entity1 presents with changes in thyroid function 1 year after ICU discharge; these depend upon biochemical serum markers of @entity542 severity.

title: Relationship of thyroid function to post-traumatic S-100b serum levels in survivors of severe XXXX : preliminary results.

entities_list: @entity1545 :: ('MESH:D020214', 'Disease') :: ['brain injury']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS', 'PARTICIPANTS', 'men']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['brain trauma']

entities_list: @entity1375 :: ('MESH:D007037', 'Disease') :: ['subclinical hypothyroidism', 'central hypothyroidism']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['head trauma']

entities_list: @entity1955 :: ('MESH:D013974', 'Chemical') :: ['thyroxine']

entities_list: @entity7287 :: ('MESH:D013972', 'Chemical') :: ['thyrotropin']

entities_list: @entity1954 :: ('MESH:D014284', 'Chemical') :: ['triiodothyronine']

entities_list: @entity1374 :: ('MESH:D013959', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid dysfunction']

answer: @entity542 :: (MESH:D006259,Disease) :: ['head injury']


abstract: Bone resorption is increased after running, with no change in bone formation. Feeding during exercise might attenuate this increase, preventing associated problems for bone. This study investigated the immediate and short-term bone metabolic responses to @entity1735 ( @entity435 ) feeding during treadmill running. Ten @entity1 completed two 7-day trials, once being fed @entity435 (8% @entity413 immediately before, every 20 min during, and immediately after exercise at a rate of 0.7 g @entity435    kg body mass(-1)    h(-1)) and once being fed placebo (PBO). On day 4 of each trial, @entity1 completed a 120-min treadmill run at 70% of maximal @entity26 consumption (V  o2 max). Blood was taken at baseline (BASE), immediately after exercise (EE), after 60 (R1) and 120 (R2) min of recovery, and on three follow-up days (FU1-FU3). Markers of bone resorption [ @entity1473 -terminal telopeptide region of collagen type 1 (b-CTX)] and formation [ @entity2733 -terminal propeptides of procollagen type 1 (P1NP)] were measured, along with osteocalcin (OC), @entity461 ( @entity461 ), albumin-adjusted @entity460 (ACa), @entity4613 , @entity5445 ( @entity5445 ), @entity650 ( @entity650 ), insulin, @entity701 , leptin, and osteoprotogerin (OPG). Area under the curve was calculated in terms of the immediate (BASE, EE, R1, and R2) and short-term (BASE, FU1, FU2, and FU3) responses to exercise. b-CTX, P1NP, and @entity650 responses to exercise were significantly lower in the immediate postexercise period with @entity435 feeding compared with PBO (b-CTX: P = 0.028; P1NP: P = 0.021; @entity650 : P = 0.036), although there was no difference in the short-term response (b-CTX: P = 0.856; P1NP: P = 0.721; @entity650 : P = 0.327). No other variable was significantly affected by @entity435 feeding during exercise. We conclude that @entity435 feeding during exercise attenuated the b-CTX and P1NP responses in the hours but not days following exercise, indicating an acute effect of @entity435 feeding on bone turnover.

title: Effect of XXXX feeding on the bone metabolic response to running.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'men']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity5445 :: ('2641', 'Gene') :: ['GLP-2', 'glucagon-like peptide-2']

entities_list: @entity461 :: ('5741', 'Gene') :: ['PTH', 'parathyroid hormone']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity1735 :: (CHEBI:16646,Chemical) :: ['carbohydrate']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided laser thermal ablation (LTA) of inoperable @entity703 is a safe, tolerable and potentially effective treatment. @entity1 AND METHODS: Nine @entity1 (aged 56-81 years) with @entity703 underwent percutaneous LTA under MRI guidance in a 0.5 T open magnet. Real-time colour thermal mapping was used to monitor @entity5 ablation, and the follow-up was with @entity2287 -enhanced MRI at 6 weeks and (where appropriate) 3-4 months after the procedure. @entity5 volume and percentage @entity5 enhancement before and after ablation were compared. The percentage of @entity5 ablated on real-time T1-weighted thermal maps was compared with that on @entity2287 -enhanced follow-up MRI. RESULTS: The mean (range) follow-up was 16.9 (3-32) months after the first ablation. The mean @entity5 size did not change significantly, but the mean percentage of viable @entity5 decreased significantly from 73.7% before to 29.5% after ablation (P = 0.012, Wilcoxon signed-ranks test). Thermal maps correlated moderately well with follow-up MRI in predicting the extent of @entity5 ablation (Pearson correlation coefficient 0.55). There were two minor and one major complication. CONCLUSION: In this pilot study of @entity1 unsuitable for surgery, MRI-guided LTA of @entity703 was safe, feasible (being well tolerated by the @entity1 ) and significantly reduced enhancing @entity5 volume by a mean of 45%.

title: Magnetic resonance imaging-guided laser thermal ablation of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity2287 :: ('MESH:D005682', 'Chemical') :: ['gadolinium']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Tumour', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity703 :: ('MESH:D007680', 'Disease') :: ['malignant renal tumours', 'renal tumours']

answer: @entity703 :: (MESH:D007680,Disease) :: ['renal tumours']


abstract: @entity879 is associated with many biochemical abnormalities in plasma and brain. Changes that correlate well with the degree of @entity146 may be important factors in the development of @entity75 . We measured the concentrations of intermediary metabolites, @entity3265 , and @entity1522 in brain and plasma and the rate of whole-brain @entity413 utilization in @entity35 with an acutely devascularized liver. In all @entity35 an estimate of the grade of @entity75 (reflected by @entity146 ) was made. @entity35 underwent portacaval shunting and hepatic artery ligation (or sham operation) and were kept normoglycemic and normothermic thereafter. We sampled blood and whole brain (by near-instantaneous freeze-blowing) 2, 4, or 6 h later. There were no alterations in levels of high-energy @entity1391 metabolites in the brain or in metabolites associated with the glycolytic pathway and Krebs cycle, except @entity880 and @entity2388 . Brain @entity413 use was decreased similarly at all times after surgery. Levels of @entity3265 and many @entity1522 were increased in brain and plasma; brain @entity492 , @entity2227 , and @entity369 levels were decreased. The increases in content of plasma @entity3265 and brain @entity1160 , @entity1521 , @entity493 , and @entity9750 and the decreases in brain @entity492 and @entity2227 were most strongly correlated with @entity146 .

title: Metabolic abnormalities and grade of @entity75 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity2227 :: ('CHEBI:29987', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamate']

entities_list: @entity1160 :: ('CHEBI:28300', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamine']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['encephalopathy']

entities_list: @entity879 :: ('MESH:D017114', 'Disease') :: ['Acute hepatic failure']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['behavioral impairment']

entities_list: @entity9750 :: ('CHEBI:33856', 'Chemical') :: ['aromatic amino acids']

entities_list: @entity1391 :: ('CHEBI:26020', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphate']

entities_list: @entity492 :: ('CHEBI:29995', 'Chemical') :: ['aspartate']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity1521 :: ('CHEBI:26271', 'Chemical') :: ['proline']

entities_list: @entity369 :: ('CHEBI:29016', 'Chemical') :: ['arginine']

entities_list: @entity493 :: ('CHEBI:16449', 'Chemical') :: ['alanine']

entities_list: @entity2388 :: ('MESH:D019289', 'Chemical') :: ['pyruvate']

answer: @entity879 :: (MESH:D017114,Disease) :: ['acute hepatic failure']