abstract: INTRODUCTION: Pediatric @entity1 with @entity978 ( @entity978 ) have several risk factors for @entity1211 ( @entity1211 ). Although these @entity1 are occasionally treated with thromboprophylaxis, no guidelines are implemented in Sweden. Scarce data from adult @entity1 indicate an increased risk of @entity1211 , but pediatric data is largely missing. Given the favorable overall survival of @entity978 , there should reasonably be more focus on preventing complications. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study, including all @entity1 registered in the Childhood Cancer Registry under the age of 18years diagnosed with @entity978 between January 2005 and December 2015 in Sweden. RESULTS: Data was retrieved from the medical records of all 163 @entity1 (100%) at six Swedish @entity5 centers. The incidence of @entity1211 was 7.7% (symptomatic @entity1211 3.9%). The median follow-up was 3.4years (range 0.3-10.5). Only five @entity1 (3.1%) were treated with thromboprophylaxis. All @entity1211 events occurred in the older age category (11-17years) and all but one (92.7%) had a mediastinal mass. While the @entity1211 did not significantly affect the treatment of @entity978 , it caused increased morbidity and 2/12 developed a @entity715 . No significant risk factors for @entity1211 were identified. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1211 is a relatively common complication of @entity978 and its treatment, causing increased acute and long-term morbidity. However, due to limited number of events we could not demonstrate risk-factors for @entity1211 that would identify @entity1 who might benefit from thromboprophylaxis.

title: Venous thrombosis in @entity1 and adolescents with XXXX in Sweden.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['pediatric cancer']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['post-thrombotic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity978 :: ('MESH:D006689', 'Disease') :: ['HL', 'Hodgkin lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['VTE', 'venous thromboembolism']

answer: @entity978 :: (MESH:D006689,Disease) :: ['Hodgkin lymphoma']


abstract: @entity1496 -131 anti-B1 antibody radioimmunotherapy for @entity1892 was previously reported to have substantial antitumor activity in @entity1892 ( @entity1893 ) after failures of standard and salvage chemotherapy. In this article, the University of Michigan Phase I clinical experience is updated, with follow-up of up to 6 yr since initial treatment reported. METHODS: Thirty-four @entity1 with @entity2225 -expressing @entity1893 were first studied with one or more dosimetric doses of approximately 5 mCi of 1311 anti-B1 antibody (after varying predoses of unlabeled anti-B1 antibody). They were then treated with a @entity1 -specific radioimmunotherapeutic dose designed to deliver a specified radiation dose to the whole body of between 25 and 85 cGy. @entity1 were observed for @entity137 and @entity5 response. RESULTS: Seventeen (50%) @entity1 had low-grade @entity1893 , 9 (26%) had low-grade transformed @entity1893 and 8 (24%) had de novo intermediate-grade @entity1893 . At study entry, 17 (50%) had an elevated @entity880 dehydrogenase level, 12 (35%) had high @entity5 burden and 18 (53%) had not responded to their last chemotherapy. The median number of prior @entity1893 therapies was 4.1. Twenty-eight of 34 @entity1 completed treatment, with 22 of 28 (79%) achieving a response and 14 of 28 (50%) achieving a complete response (CR). The median duration of response was 357 days. The median duration of response for CRs was 471 days, with 4 CRs having a duration of > 1000 days (maximum = > 1460 days). @entity236 was dose-limiting and dependent on the total-body dose (TBD) of radiation. @entity882 appeared to be more marked in @entity1 with prior bone marrow transplantation. The TBD of 75 cGy was established as the maximum tolerated dose in @entity1 who had not had prior bone marrow transplantation. Duration of CR was significantly longer (p < 0.04) in @entity1 who received a TBD of 65-75 cGy (1109 days) than it was in those who received a lower TBD of 25-60 cGy (385 days). Four of 34 (12%) @entity1 developed detectable human antimouse antibody levels. The median survival from study entry for all @entity1 was 1508 days (range = 63 to >2226 days). Sixteen of 17 @entity1 who achieved a response of > or = 6 mo duration remain alive. CONCLUSION: This update of the Phase I results after 1311 anti-B1 antibody treatment for @entity1893 indicates that CRs can be durable and that survival can be of long duration. This form of therapy for @entity1893 should have increasing application in clinical practice after confirmation of these results in larger multicenter studies.

title: XXXX -131 anti-B1 antibody for @entity1892 : an update on the Michigan Phase I experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['Thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ['B-cell lymphoma', "B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma"]

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity236 :: ('MESH:D001855', 'Disease') :: ['Bone marrow toxicity']

answer: @entity1496 :: (MESH:D007455,Chemical) :: ['Iodine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: After initial response to epidermal growth factor receptor- @entity4149 kinase inhibitors ( @entity470 -TKIs), approximately one-third of @entity1 develop central nervous system (CNS) @entity3 , including leptomeningeal @entity3 (LM). To achieve longer survival, control of CNS @entity3 is important, but therapeutic options are limited for LM after failure of standard-dose @entity470 -TKIs. METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated the efficacy and safety of high-dose @entity3866 in @entity470 -mutant @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) @entity1 with refractory LM after failure of standard-dose @entity470 -TKIs. Survivals from diagnosis of LM to death were compared in @entity1 with or without high-dose @entity3866 . RESULTS: Between January 2007 and April 2013, we identified 35 @entity1 with @entity470 -mutant @entity1149 , complicated with LM, and 12 underwent high-dose @entity3866 , while the other 23 received only standard-dose @entity470 -TKIs. In @entity1 receiving high-dose @entity3866 , magnetic resonance imaging response was confirmed in 3 (30  %) of 10 evaluable @entity1 . Median time to CNS progression was 2.3  months (95  % confidence interval [CI] 1.8-5.5  months). Performance status and @entity16 improved in 4 (33  %) of 12 and 6 (50  %) of 12 @entity1 , respectively. No severe adverse events (>= grade 3) associated with high-dose @entity3866 were observed. Median survival time from diagnosis of LM in @entity1 with high-dose @entity3866 was 6.2  months (95  % CI 2.5-8.5  months), and in those without 5.9  months (95  % CI 1.3-7.8  months) (p  =  0.94). CONCLUSION: High-dose @entity3866 suggested its efficacy and safety in some @entity1 with refractory LM. It represents a potential therapeutic option against LM after failure of standard-dose @entity470 -TKIs, especially to palliate LM-related @entity16 .

title: High-dose @entity3866 for refractory leptomeningeal XXXX after failure of standard-dose @entity470 -TKIs.

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological symptoms']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity3866 :: ('MESH:C400278', 'Chemical') :: ['erlotinib']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['metastases']


abstract: AIMS: @entity65 remains high despite intensive treatment of @entity1 with @entity6 . Meta-analyses on @entity6170 have raised concerns regarding its cardiovascular safety. We studied the effects of @entity6170 on ultrasonic indices of @entity2998 and inflammatory markers in a group of @entity164 2 @entity6 @entity1 at high cardiovascular risk. METHODS: A trial of @entity6170 in @entity164 2 @entity6 @entity1 with high cardiovascular risk and internal @entity2998 plaque compared changes in carotid ultrasound @entity121 ( @entity121 ), plaque thickness, arterial stiffness and compliance, and inflammatory markers at baseline, 26 and 52 weeks. RESULTS: In the @entity6170 group (n=28), @entity2998 plaque thickness was reduced by 0.08 mm, compared with an increase of 0.19 mm (P=0.075) in the placebo group (n=29). There were no significant differences in changes of @entity121 , carotid wall compliance and stiffness between the two groups. Glycated haemoglobin reduced by -0.9 vs. 0.1% (-7 vs. 2 mmol/mol), (P<0.001); insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) reduced by -37.6 vs. -1.1% (P=0.016); and B cell function (HOMA-B) increased by 36.8 vs. 0.7% (P=0.009). Non-esterified @entity1718 reduced by -23.5 vs. 7.9% (P=0.005); tissue plasminogen activator reduced by -25.0 vs. 0.6% (P=0.001); and plasminogen activator inhibitor activity reduced by -57.4 vs. -34.6% (P=0.052). CONCLUSIONS: @entity6170 reduced @entity2998 plaque thickness, though not significantly, and there was no significant change in intima media thickness or other ultrasonic indices of @entity2998 . There were significant improvements in @entity1720 and fibrinolytic, but not inflammatory, markers. There was no evidence in this study of any adverse effects on progression of @entity2998 .

title: The effects of @entity6170 on atherosclerotic progression in XXXX with @entity164 2 @entity6 at high cardiovascular risk.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['IMT', 'intima-media thickness']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'Type 2 diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity2998 :: ('MESH:D002340', 'Disease') :: ['carotid arterial disease', 'carotid artery']

entities_list: @entity1720 :: ('MESH:D007333', 'Disease') :: ['glycaemic control, insulin sensitivity']

entities_list: @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity6170 :: ('MESH:C089730', 'Chemical') :: ['Rosiglitazone', 'rosiglitazone']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['Cardiovascular mortality']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: @entity778 protein blot assays of cell membranes of @entity19 L929 fibroblasts have revealed multiple reovirus binding proteins with molecular masses ranging from approximately 26 to 200 kDa. To determine whether this observation is unique to L cells, membranes of @entity1 K562 @entity6007 cells and @entity1 A431 epidermoid cells were subjected to virus overlay protein blot assays. The profiles of reovirus binding proteins of these cells are similar to that of L cells and reovirus is capable of binding to at least 30 membrane proteins. To determine the fate of reovirus binding proteins during viral entry into K562 cells which are infectible by reovirus, cell surface proteins were derivatized with @entity1885 . During viral entry, biotinylated cell surface proteins with molecular masses of 55, 74, 78, 80, 90, 94, 98, and 115 kDa became internalized. The 90- and 115-kDa proteins also bound reovirus, indicating that they are likely to be reovirus receptors. Thus many virus binding proteins are present at the surface of host cells but very few are internalized during entry of reovirus. K562 cells also express glycophorin A which is the putative reovirus receptor on erythrocytes. However, during entry of reovirus into K562 cells, @entity20807 did not appear to become internalized. Reovirus could be shown to attach to erythrocytes but viral entry into these cells could not be demonstrated.

title: Internalization of virus binding proteins during entry of reovirus into K562 XXXX cells.

entities_list: @entity778 :: ('MESH:D015658', 'Disease') :: ['Virus overlay']

entities_list: @entity20807 :: ('MESH:D006021', 'Chemical') :: ['glycophorin A']

entities_list: @entity6007 :: ('MESH:D004915', 'Disease') :: ['erythroleukemia']

answer: @entity6007 :: (MESH:D004915,Disease) :: ['erythroleukemia']


abstract: PURPOSE: Early detection of @entity263 has been recommended for @entity1 with affected first-degree relatives despite the lack of evidence for mortality reduction. We therefore evaluated the impact of family history in the Finnish @entity263 screening trial. @entity1 AND METHODS: Approximately 80,000 @entity1 were identified from the population register for the first screening round. Of the 32,000 @entity1 randomized to the screening arm, 30,403 were eligible at the time of invitation. A blood sample was drawn from the @entity1 (n = 20,716), and serum @entity1486 was determined. @entity1 with a @entity1486 level > or = 4.0 ng/mL were referred for prostate biopsy. Information on family history was obtained through a self-administered questionnaire at baseline. RESULTS: A total of 964 (5%) of the 20,716 screening @entity1 had a positive family history, and 105 (11%) were screening-positive. Twenty-nine @entity5 were diagnosed, corresponding to a detection rate of 3.0% (29 of 964) and a positive predictive value of 28% (29 of 105). Of the 19,347 @entity1 without a family history, 1,487 (8%) had a @entity1486 level > or = 4.0 ng/mL. The detection rate was 2.4% (462 of 19,347) and the positive predictive value was 31% (462 of 1,487). The risk associated with a positive family history was not substantially increased (rate ratio, 1.3; 95% confidence interval, 0.9 to 1.8). The results were not affected by the age of the screenee or age at diagnosis of the affected relative. The program sensitivity was 6% (29 of 491) (ie, selective screening policy would have missed 94% of @entity5 in the population). No differences were seen in the characteristics of screen-detected @entity5 by family history. CONCLUSION: Our findings provide no support for selective screening among @entity1 with affected relatives.

title: Family history and XXXX screening with @entity1486 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'PATIENTS', 'Men', 'men']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1486 :: ('354', 'Gene') :: ['prostate-specific antigen (PSA)', 'PSA']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The objective of this study is to examine @entity25 and correlates of poor sleep in @entity1 with @entity309 ( @entity309 ). Five hundred @entity1 with @entity309 were recruited from a rheumatology outpatient clinic and included in this cross-sectional study. Sleep quality and disturbances were assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Other instruments included the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory, the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, and the Health Assessment Questionnaire. Disease activity was assessed according to disease activity score DAS28-CRP-based. Complete scores on PSQI were obtained from 384 @entity1 (77  %). In those, the prevalence of poor sleep (PSQI >5) was 61  %, and the mean global PSQI score was 7.54 (SD 4.17). A linear association was found between poor sleep and mental @entity1295 , reduced activity related to @entity1295 , physical @entity1295 , and general @entity1295 . @entity3777 were independently associated with @entity25 , sleep latency, sleep duration, sleep efficiency, and @entity409 . However, in the linear multivariate analysis, only general @entity1295 1.06 (95  % CI 1.03-1.09) and mental @entity1295 1.03 (95  % CI 1.01-1.05) were found to be significant correlates for reporting poor sleep. This study shows that a majority of @entity1 with @entity309 experience poor sleep and that general @entity1295 and mental @entity1295 are associated with poor sleep.

title: Sleep quality and correlates of poor sleep in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['daytime dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity3777 :: ('MESH:D005222', 'Disease') :: ['Mental fatigue and general fatigue']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['sleep quality']

answer: @entity309 :: (MESH:D001172,Disease) :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']


abstract: PURPOSE: Recently, activating mutations of the @entity470 ( @entity470 ) gene were discovered in @entity1149 sensitive to @entity4562 ( @entity4562 , an @entity470 @entity669 kinase inhibitor) but not in @entity4562 -resistant @entity5 . Abnormalities of @entity470 and related pathways may have an effect on responsiveness of advanced @entity14 to combination chemotherapy with @entity4562 . EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We examined @entity1 with previously untreated metastatic @entity14 , who were enrolled into two phase I/II trials of combination chemotherapy ( @entity2600 , @entity4181 , and @entity1487 ) and daily oral @entity4562 . We obtained @entity982 tissue blocks of @entity5 from 31 @entity1 , sequenced the @entity470 , @entity984 , and @entity817 genes, and did immunohistochemistry for @entity470 , phosphorylated @entity584 , @entity876 , @entity994 , and @entity5438 . RESULTS: Twelve (39%) of the 31 @entity1 experienced a partial objective response to the therapy. A novel @entity470 mutation in exon 18 ( @entity58262 , @entity58263 ) was identified in only one @entity1 who did not experience an objective @entity5 response. @entity470 immunohistochemistry was not predictive of responsiveness. In contrast, loss of @entity994 was associated with a higher response rate to therapy (P = 0.05). Moreover, the response rate among @entity1 whose @entity5 maintained @entity994 expression and possessed a mutation in @entity876 was only 9% (1 of 11, P = 0.005). Overexpression of phosphorylated @entity584 also seemed to predict a trend towards resistance to the therapy. CONCLUSIONS: @entity994 expression in @entity14 , especially in combination with @entity876 mutation, is a predictor of resistance to the combination chemotherapy with @entity4562 . Activating @entity470 mutations are rare in @entity14 and do not seem to confer sensitivity to @entity4562 and chemotherapy.

title: Molecular alterations in @entity5 and response to combination chemotherapy with @entity4562 for advanced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4181 :: ('MESH:D002955', 'Chemical') :: ['leucovorin']

entities_list: @entity2600 :: ('MESH:C051890', 'Chemical') :: ['irinotecan']

entities_list: @entity470 :: ('1956', 'Gene') :: ['epidermal growth factor receptor', 'EGFR']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'tumor', 'primary tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['non-small cell lung cancers']

entities_list: @entity58263 :: ('p|SUB|G|724|S', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['p.Gly724Ser']

entities_list: @entity982 :: ('MESH:D010232', 'Chemical') :: ['paraffin']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['5-fluorouracil']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: A meeting in Singapore of principal investigators from 7 countries in a WHO collaborative study on @entity101 disease of pregnancy, also called @entity1468 or @entity3036 , pointed out @entity1 at risk, suggested management guidelines, and summarized operations research projects involving administration of @entity117 or @entity460 supplements. @entity101 disease of pregnancy may ultimately end in fatal @entity410 . It is often marked by warning signs of severe @entity10 and @entity4 . A survey in Jamaica found that 0.72% of a group of 10,000 pregnant @entity1 had @entity410 . These were the cause of almost one-third of all obstetric deaths in the period 1981-1983. 10.4% of the pregnant @entity1 had @entity101 , and half of these had @entity644 . Associated risk factors were primigravida, age 30, abnormal @entity1017 , @entity4 , 1+ @entity644 . A phased program of management guidelines for identifying and treating affected @entity1 is being instituted in half of Jamaica's parishes. An operations research project involves administration of low-dose @entity117 vs. placebo. Another controlled trial, in Peru, is testing @entity460 supplements. A third trial in Argentina will compare 2 drug regimens.

title: XXXX diseases of pregnancy.

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures', 'eclamptic seizures']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['Hypertensive', 'hypertension', 'hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['edema', 'facial and peripheral edema']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity3036 :: ('MESH:D004461', 'Disease') :: ['eclampsia']

entities_list: @entity1468 :: ('MESH:D011225', 'Disease') :: ['pre-eclampsia']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['weight gain']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headaches']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['Hypertensive']


abstract: Using the immunohistochemical localization of the protein product of the immediate early gene, @entity5019 , to localize activated neurons in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN), we studied the chemical phenotypes of neurons activated by circulating @entity1808 (AII). We determined the proportions of activated PVN neurons that expressed AII type I receptor-like immunoreactivity ( @entity1809 -L) or the neurohormones @entity6659 ( @entity6659 ) and @entity398 ( @entity16486 ). In addition, we identified activated PVN neurons that putatively produce @entity842 (NO) on the basis of histochemical staining for @entity1110 diaphorase ( @entity1110 -d). Conscious @entity35 received intravenous AII infusions at a rate sufficient to elevate mean arterial pressure by 40-60 mmHg for 90 min; control @entity35 received infusions of vehicle. Brains were prepared for double immunohistochemistry [Fos-like immunoreactivity (FLI)/ @entity1809 -L, FLI/ @entity6659 or FLI/ @entity16486 ] or FLI/ @entity1110 -d histochemistry. Systemic AII infusions led to activation of 149+/-14 PVN neurons per section. In contrast, control animals showed activation of 21+/-6 PVN neurons per section. AII infusions elicited the activation of the following numbers of chemically identified PVN neurons per section: @entity1809 -L, 24+/-5; @entity6659 , 26+/-5; @entity16486 , 11+/-2; @entity1110 -d, 22+/-4. Control animals had few activated PVN neurons per section. For each of the chemically identified populations of PVN neurons, the following proportions were activated: @entity1809 -L, 12.5%; @entity6659 , 15.2%; @entity16486 , 7.2%; @entity1110 -d, 17.3%. The results suggest that PVN neurons producing the @entity1809 receptor, @entity6659 , @entity16486 , and NO, participate in the mediation of the central responses to circulating AII.

title: Activation by systemic @entity1808 of neurochemically identified neurons in XXXX hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus.

entities_list: @entity398 :: ('MESH:D010121', 'Chemical') :: ['oxytocin']

entities_list: @entity1110 :: ('MESH:D009249', 'Chemical') :: ['nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate', 'NADPH']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity6659 :: ('MESH:D020790', 'Disease') :: ['VP', 'vasopressin']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Neo-osteogenesis of the paranasal sinuses is a radiologic finding of unclear clinical significance. Although current evidence suggests that these bony changes represent an inflammatory response rather than an @entity4421 , bacteria associated with the sinonasal mucosa may induce inflammatory mediators as a mechanism of neo-osteogenesis. The objectives of this study were (1) to determine whether there is an association between bacteria isolated on sinus culture and neo-osteogenesis, and (2) to identify other predictive factors for neo-osteogenesis. METHODS: Ninety @entity1 undergoing sinus surgery for medically refractory CRS were recruited. Radiologic evidence of neo-osteogenesis was assessed by the Global Osteitis Scoring Scale (GOSS) and @entity3137 severity was assessed by the @entity32447 ( @entity32447 ). Bacterial culture was obtained endoscopically at the preoperative office visit or during surgery. Multiple and logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association between the types of bacterial species isolated, number of previous surgeries, and severity of neo-osteogenesis. RESULTS: Thirty of the 90 (33.3%) @entity1 had radiologic evidence of neo-osteogenesis. @entity796 was significantly associated with neo-osteogenesis (odds ratio [OR], 3.97; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.12 to 13.56), whereas @entity794 was not. The number of previous surgeries, especially 2 or more previous surgeries, was associated with the extent of neo-osteogenesis (OR, 3.48; 95% CI, 1.14 to 10.51). The @entity32447 was also significantly associated with the extent of neo-osteogenesis. CONCLUSION: The presence of @entity796 in the sinuses is an independent predictor of neo-osteogenesis, whereas @entity794 is not. The number of previous surgeries and the @entity32447 are also independently associated with the severity of neo-osteogenesis.

title: Clinical predictors of neo-osteogenesis in XXXX with chronic rhinosinusitis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity796 :: ('287', 'Species') :: ['Pseudomonas aeruginosa', 'P. aeruginosa']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus', 'S. aureus']

entities_list: @entity32447 :: ('MESH:C538364', 'Disease') :: ['LMS', 'Lund-Mackay score']

entities_list: @entity4421 :: ('MESH:D010000', 'Disease') :: ['infectious osteitis']

entities_list: @entity3137 :: ('MESH:D009059', 'Disease') :: ['mucosal disease']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: The prevalence of cutaneous @entity364 was studied in 72 @entity1 who had undergone renal transplantation and compared with a group of age and sex matched controls. Samples were obtained from toe nails, toe webs, and the upper back; clinically suspicious lesions from other areas were also examined. A total of 576 sites were sampled (288 in each group). Pathogenic fungi were identified from 44 sites (15%) in the @entity8 ( @entity8 ) group compared with 26 sites (9%) in the control group, (P less than 0.05). However, site-specific differences were less marked; no difference was found between the @entity8 group and controls when the results from the toe nails and toe webs were analysed separately. @entity12736 was the most common species isolated from both groups. Colonization of the back with Pityrosporum @entity375 was significantly more common in the @entity8 group, but few @entity1 in either group had @entity4013 versicolor. ' @entity325 ', with more than one species of fungus isolated in an individual, were only found in the @entity8 group. We also examined the relationship between the presence of @entity364 and the presence or absence of cutaneous @entity8 . No increase in the prevalence of fungal colonization was found in those @entity1 who had developed cutaneous @entity5 compared with those who had not.

title: Cutaneous XXXX following renal transplantation: a case control study.

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal transplant', 'malignancy in the renal transplant group', 'RT']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy']

entities_list: @entity364 :: ('MESH:D009181', 'Disease') :: ['fungal infection']

entities_list: @entity325 :: ('MESH:D060085', 'Disease') :: ['Mixed infections']

entities_list: @entity12736 :: ('523103', 'Species') :: ['Trichophyton mentagrophytes']

answer: @entity364 :: (MESH:D009181,Disease) :: ['fungal infection']


abstract: @entity2159 ( @entity2159 ) and osteocalcin (OC) are essential bone proteins. Recent studies have demonstrated that they are not secreted solely by bone cells; they play roles in the vascular function and energy metabolism, and they are influenced by multiple factors. The aim of the current study was to investigate the influence of menopause and age on @entity2159 and OC in @entity1 with different @entity9808 ( @entity9808 ) levels. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We studied 49 @entity1 with elevated @entity9808 , 26 with suppressed @entity9808 , and 67 age-matched euthyroid controls. Of them 64 were menstruating and 78 postmenopausal. Body weight, height, waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI), serum @entity9808 , free thyroxin (FT4), @entity2159 , and OC were measured. RESULTS: Generally, both @entity2159 and OC were higher in the postmenopausal @entity1 than in the menstruating subjects ( @entity2159 3.85    1.49 pmol/L vs. 5.84    2.42 pmol/L, P < 0.001; OC 8.84    3.70 ng/dL vs. 12.87    6.45 ng/dL, P < 0.001), and within the two @entity1374 subgroups and the controls (all P < 0.05). @entity2159 correlated with age (postmenopausal rho = 0.57, P < 0.001; premenopausal rho = 0.31, P = 0.015). Among the premenopausal subjects, @entity2159 was higher in those with low @entity9808 than in the controls (P = 0.048). OC correlated negatively with BMI and WC in the postmenopausal group (Spearman rho = -0.25, P = 0.03 and rho = -0.42, P < 0.001 respectively). OC was higher in the postmenopausal subjects with low @entity9808 than in those with elevated @entity9808 (P = 0.024), and correlated positively with FT4 (rho = 0.40, P = 0.002) and negatively with @entity9808 (rho = -0.29, P = 0.013). CONCLUSIONS: In @entity1 , @entity2159 and OC depended differently on age and menopause and, to a lesser extent, on the thyroid function and body composition.

title: Age and menopausal status affect @entity2159 and osteocalcin levels in XXXX differently, irrespective of thyroid function.

entities_list: @entity9808 :: ('MESH:C536917', 'Disease') :: ['TSH', 'thyroid-stimulating hormone']

entities_list: @entity2159 :: ('4982', 'Gene') :: ['Osteoprotegerin', 'OPG']

entities_list: @entity1374 :: ('MESH:D013959', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid dysfunction']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: Abstract Objective: There is evidence that Korean red @entity9052 (KRG) can reduce the production of the adrenal @entity288 , @entity701 , and @entity2494 ( @entity2494 ), and thus may be a viable treatment for @entity71 ( @entity71 ). The present randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial tested the effect of KRG on @entity1 with @entity71 symptoms. Methods: Subjects 6-15 years, who satisfied the inclusion criteria and had @entity71 symptoms, were randomized into a KRG group (n=33) or a control group (n=37). The KRG group received one pouch of KRG (1g KRG extract/pouch) twice a day, and the control group received one pouch of placebo twice a day. At the 8 week point, the primary outcomes were the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of @entity146 (DSM-IV) criteria for inattention and @entity2915 scale scores, which were measured at baseline and 8 weeks after starting treatment. Secondary outcomes were quantitative electroencephalography theta/beta ratio (QEEG TBR) (measured at baseline and week 8) and salivary @entity701 and @entity2494 levels (measured at baseline and at 4 and 8 weeks). Results: The baseline characteristics of the KRG and control groups were not statistically different. The mean ages of the KRG and control groups were 10.94  2.26 and 10.86  2.41, respectively. The KRG group had significantly decreased inattention/ @entity2915 scores compared with the control group at week 8 (least squared means of the differences in inattention adjusted for baseline scores: -2.25 vs. -1.24, p=0.048; @entity2915 : -1.53 vs. -0.61, p=0.047). The KRG group had significantly decreased QEEG TBR compared with the control group (least squared means of the differences: -0.94 vs. -0.14, p=0.001). However, neither the KRG group nor the control group exhibited significant differences in salivary @entity701 or @entity2494 levels at week 8 compared with the baseline levels. No serious adverse events were reported in either group. Conclusions: These results suggest that KRG extract may be an effective and safe alternative treatment for @entity1 with inattention and @entity2915 /impulsivity symptoms. Further studies to investigate the efficacy and safety of KRG are warranted.

title: Effects of Korean Red @entity9052 Extract on Behavior in XXXX with Symptoms of Inattention and @entity2915 /Impulsivity: A Double-Blind Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['Mental Disorders']

entities_list: @entity2494 :: ('MESH:D003687', 'Chemical') :: ['DHEA', 'dehydroepiandrosterone']

entities_list: @entity71 :: ('MESH:D001289', 'Disease') :: ['attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder', 'ADHD']

entities_list: @entity2915 :: ('MESH:D006948', 'Disease') :: ['hyperactivity']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Children']


abstract: The evolution of bone changes induced by @entity1388 after the end of exposure was investigated in @entity742 . @entity3163 ( @entity7034 ) was given orally at a dose of 3.5 mg/kg per day to 14 animals for 120 days. A group of 7 control and 7 treated @entity742 was slaughtered at the end of @entity7034 administration (T120) and another group 120 days after the end of @entity7034 exposure (T240). At T120, the bone @entity1388 content (BFC) was very significantly increased in treated animals. The histomorphometric analysis confirmed that @entity1388 induces an increase in bone formation (the osteoid perimeter and area were 3-fold and 4.5-fold higher respectively in treated than in control animals). The number of osteoblasts was significantly augmented. Serum osteocalcin level was twice as high in treated animals compared with controls. The bone formation rate at the tissue level (BFR) doubled after treatment, but the apposition rate (Aj.AR) was half that in the control group. The mineralization lag time (Mlt) was 120 days in treated animals compared with 42 days in controls. At T240, BFC had decreased by 50% compared with the level at T120, but it was still significantly higher than in controls. The osteoid and osteoblastic parameters were 2 and 1.3 times higher than in control animals. BFR remained significantly increased in treated animals, but Aj.AR and Mlt were similar in control and treated animals. In conclusion, after 4 months of @entity7034 exposure @entity1388 induced an increase in osteoblast natality and bone formation at the tissue level, associated with a toxic effect at the individual cell level.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: @entity1388 -induced bone changes in @entity742 during and after exposure to XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1388 :: ('MESH:D005459', 'Chemical') :: ['fluoride']

entities_list: @entity3163 :: ('MESH:D012969', 'Chemical') :: ['Sodium fluoride']

answer: @entity3163 :: (MESH:D012969,Chemical) :: ['sodium fluoride']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity1945 has recently shown activity in @entity151 ( @entity151 ) @entity1 . The aim of the present phase II study was to assess the antitumor activity and @entity137 of the combination of @entity1945 plus @entity2879 in chemotherapynaive @entity1 with advanced @entity151 on an outpatient basis. @entity1 AND METHODS: From December 1998 to February 2001 24 previously untreated @entity1 with histologically proven advanced (stage IIIB and IV) @entity151 received @entity1945 1.2 mg/m(2), days 1-5, followed by @entity2879 100 mg/m(2), days 8-10, every 3 weeks, up to 6 cycles (less if progressive disease). RESULTS: Twenty-two @entity1 were males and 2 females. Their median age was 54 years (range 37-67 years). World Health Organization (WHO) performance status (PS) was 0-1 in 12 @entity1 and 2 in 12. AJCC stage IIIB was found in 6 @entity1 and IV in 18. @entity137 : 76 cycles (median 3.5 cycles) were given with no toxic deaths. Grade 4 @entity137 was registered in 10 (13%) cycles for @entity1398 , 4 (5%) cycles for @entity417 , 1 (1.3%) cycle for @entity882 and 1 (1.3%) cycle for @entity294 . Activity: among 23 evaluable @entity1 , 8 had an objective response to chemotherapy (response rate - RR- 34.7%, 95% confidence interval -CI- 14-55%) with 4 (17.4%) complete remissions (CRs) and 4 (17.4%) partial remissions (PRs). Survival: with a median follow-up of 8 months (range 1.5-25 months), one-year actuarial survival was 48% (95% CI 28-69%) and median survival was 47.8 weeks. CONCLUSION: Although the combination of @entity1945 and @entity2879 proved easy to administer on an outpatient basis with moderate and manageable @entity137 , it showed only moderate activity as first-line chemotherapy in advanced @entity151 .

title: First-line chemotherapy with XXXX and @entity2879 in advanced @entity151 . A phase II study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'TOXICITY']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity2879 :: ('MESH:D005047', 'Chemical') :: ['etoposide']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity151 :: ('MESH:D055752', 'Disease') :: ['SCLC', 'small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity1945 :: ('MESH:D019772', 'Chemical') :: ['Topotecan', 'topotecan']

answer: @entity1945 :: (MESH:D019772,Chemical) :: ['topotecan']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Continuous femoral @entity616 has been shown to decrease opioid use, improve @entity282 scores, and decrease length of stay. However, several studies have raised the concern that continuous femoral @entity616 may delay @entity1 ambulation and increase the risk of falls during the postoperative period. QUESTIONS/PURPOSES: This study sought to determine whether continuous femoral @entity616 with a single-shot sciatic block prevented early ambulation after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and whether the technique was associated with adverse effects. METHODS: Between January 2011 and January 2013, 77 consecutive @entity1 undergoing primary TKAs at an orthopaedic specialty hospital received a continuous femoral @entity616 for perioperative @entity1337 . The femoral block was placed preoperatively with an initial bolus and 76 (99%) @entity1 received a single-shot sciatic @entity616 performed at the same time. Fifty-eight percent (n = 45) received an initial bolus of 0.125% @entity1341 and 42% (n = 32) received 0.25% @entity1341 . All 77 @entity1 received 0.125% @entity1341 infusion postoperatively with the continuous femoral @entity616 . All @entity1 were provided a knee immobilizer that was worn while they were out of bed and was used until 24 hours after @entity616 . All @entity1 also used a front-wheeled walker to assist with ambulation. All 77 @entity1 had complete records for assessing the end points of interest in this retrospective case series, including distance ambulated each day and whether in-hospital complications could be attributed to the @entity1 ' nerve blocks. RESULTS: Thirty-five @entity1 (45%) ambulated for a mean distance of 19    22 feet on the day of surgery. On postoperative Days 1 and 2, all 77 @entity1 successfully ambulated a mean of 160    112 and 205    123 feet, respectively. Forty-eight @entity1 (62%) had documentation of ascending/descending stairs during their hospital stay. No @entity1 fell during the postoperative period, required return to the operating room, or readmission within 90 days of surgery. One @entity1 experienced a transient foot drop related to the sciatic @entity616 , which resolved by postoperative Day 1. CONCLUSIONS: Continuous femoral @entity616 with dilute @entity1341 (0.125%) can be successfully used after TKA without preventing early ambulation. By taking active steps to prevent in-hospital falls, including the use of a knee immobilizer for ambulation while the block is in effect, @entity1 can benefit from the @entity1337 provided by the block and still ambulate early after TKA. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level IV, therapeutic study. See Guidelines for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.

title: Continuous femoral XXXX using 0.125% @entity1341 does not prevent early ambulation after total knee arthroplasty.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1337 :: ('MESH:D000699', 'Disease') :: ['analgesia']

entities_list: @entity1341 :: ('MESH:D002045', 'Chemical') :: ['bupivacaine']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative pain']

entities_list: @entity616 :: ('MESH:D006327', 'Disease') :: ['removal of the block', 'nerve block']

answer: @entity616 :: (MESH:D006327,Disease) :: ['nerve block']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity15 is a presumed cell-mediated @entity3026 . @entity786 ( @entity5443 ) is a cytotoxic and immunosuppressive agent, used in systemic @entity792 . Controversial results have been reported on its efficacy in @entity15 . We conducted a systematic review of all relevant trials, evaluating the @entity5443 efficacy in @entity1 with progressive @entity15 . OBJECTIVES: The main objectives were to determine whether @entity5443 slows the disease progression. SEARCH STRATEGY: Electronic databases (including MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Controlled Trials Register) were systematically searched. References list of retrieved studies and conference abstracts on the main meetings on @entity15 were handsearched. SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the clinical effect of @entity5443 treatment in @entity1 affected by clinically definite progressive @entity15 . @entity5443 had to be administered alone or in combination with ACTH or @entity230 . The comparison group had to be placebo or no treatment or the same co intervention (ACTH or @entity230 ) The main outcome criteria were : progression of disability (defined as an increase of 0.5 point in Kurtzke Extended Disability Status Scale (EDSS) for @entity1 with baseline EDSS > or = 6 and 1 for EDSS < or = 5.5), differences of disability between treatment-control groups and the number of @entity1 with side effects. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: The identified references were reviewed by two reviewers who independently decided the eligibility of the study, extracted and summarized data and assessed the trial's quality. The statistical analysis was performed using the Cochrane RevMan software and analyzed using Cochrane MetaView. MAIN RESULTS: Of the 326 identified references, 80 were selected for full review, only four RCTs were selected for the final analysis. Intensive immunosuppression with @entity5443 (alone or associated with ACTH or @entity229 ) in @entity1 with progressive @entity15 compared to placebo or no-treatment (152 @entity1 ) did not prevent the long -term (12-18-24 months) risk to evolution to a next step of EDSS. However, the mean change in disability (final disability subtracted from the baseline) significantly favoured the treated group at 12 (effect size - 0.21; C. I. - 0.24, - 0.17) and 18 months (- 0.19; C. I. - 0.24, - 0.14). We were not able to verify the efficacy of other schedules. Five @entity1 died; @entity295 and @entity2588 frequently occurred in treated @entity1 (descriptive analysis). REVIEWER'S CONCLUSIONS: Only limited objectives were reached. This review shows a role of @entity5443 in the treatment of progressive @entity15 , but less toxic schedules must be considered, before its use in the clinical practice.

title: @entity786 for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3026 :: ('MESH:D020278', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune disease of the central nervous system']

entities_list: @entity2588 :: ('MESH:D000568', 'Disease') :: ['amenorrhea']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['Cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['Multiple sclerosis', 'MS', 'Multiple Sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune diseases']

answer: @entity15 :: (MESH:D009103,Disease) :: ['multiple sclerosis']


abstract: Background. The combination of Dega transililiac and femoral subtrochanteric is used in our department in the treatment of Legg-Calv  - @entity2444 . Subtrochanteric osteotomy, initially performed as varus-derotation osteotomy, is now mainly extension osteotomy with @entity3207 . Femoral @entity3207 is crucial for joint decompression and makes room for pelvic redirection after pelvic osteotomy. Material and methods. 34 @entity1 (36 hips) were analyzed retrospectively. All @entity1 were operated using subtrochanteric osteotomy with @entity3207 and Dega's transiliac osteotomy of the pelvis. There were several variants of subtrochanteric osteotomy: extension osteotomy only, varus-extension, extension-varus-derotation, extension-derotation, and varus-derotation. In one case only varus osteotomy was performed. Before surgery 18 hips were Catterall group IV, 14 group III and 4 group II; in the Herring classification, 24 hips were group B, 11 group C, and 1 group A. All @entity1 were evaluated clinically and radiologically at follow-up using the Stulberg classification. The mean follow-up was 8 years. Results. In the Stulberg classification 4 hips were scored after surgery as group I, 23 as group II, 4 as group III, 4 as group IV and only 1 hip as group V. In 6 @entity1 limping was observed, 2 @entity1 had a positive Trendelenburg sign, and 11 a positive Duchenne sign. The mean @entity3207 of the lower limb was 0.25 cm. Six @entity1 complained of @entity158 after physical activity. Conclusion. Subtrochanteric @entity3207 osteotomy of the femur combined with Dega transiliac osteotomy is a safe and valuable procedure for surgical treatment of @entity2444 .

title: Double osteotomy in the surgical treatment of XXXX : Dega's transiliac osteotomy and subtrochanteric osteotomy.

entities_list: @entity2444 :: ('MESH:D007873', 'Disease') :: ["Perthes' disease"]

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3207 :: ('MESH:C535850', 'Disease') :: ['shortening']

answer: @entity2444 :: (MESH:D007873,Disease) :: ['Perthes' disease']


abstract: The growing number of drugs used to treat various diseases and the growing number of invasive procedures used for diagnosis and therapy have generated many @entity4499 . Elderly @entity1 are more likely than the young to react adversely to drugs since the physiological functions of the organs, especially of the kidneys, decrease and pharmacokinetic characteristics altered. In addition, multiple disease states are common in the elderly, and multiple drugs are consequently prescribed. In the present study, adverse effects of so-called "cerebroactive drugs" and "cerebral vasodilators" are discussed. More than 30 kinds of these drugs are on the market in Japan and are widely prescribed for "chronic @entity66 " and " @entity303 syndromes" in the elderly. In contrast, they are rarely used in Western Europe and not on the market in the United States. Among them, @entity60070 was the first of "cerebral activators" and was the most popular. In 1986, however, the first cases of toxic @entity75 induced by @entity60070 were reported. It resembled @entity5868 , showing @entity1578 , @entity8193 and @entity4053 and was frequently fatal. More than 47 victims including 11 fatal cases have been reported since. @entity4271 , a cerebral vasodilator, produced high rates of @entity304 and @entity308 . Multicenter studies have revealed that these side effects occurred in 10-30% of the elderly @entity1 who had taken it. These symptoms usually appeared several months after @entity4271 was started. Some of the adverse effects of the drugs may be unpredictable and inevitable, but most of them can be prevented or reduced if physicians are more careful with their @entity1 , and drugs and their adverse effects.2

title: [ XXXX in the elderly].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4499 :: ('MESH:D007049', 'Disease') :: ['iatrogenic diseases']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['cerebrovascular diseases']

entities_list: @entity304 :: ('MESH:D010302', 'Disease') :: ['parkinsonism']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['encephalopathy']

entities_list: @entity60070 :: ('MESH:C016030', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium hopantenate']

entities_list: @entity4053 :: ('MESH:D007003', 'Disease') :: ['hypoglycemia']

entities_list: @entity8193 :: ('MESH:D000140', 'Disease') :: ['lactic acidosis']

entities_list: @entity1578 :: ('MESH:D017093', 'Disease') :: ['coma, hepatic failure']

entities_list: @entity5868 :: ('MESH:D012202', 'Disease') :: ['Reye syndrome']

entities_list: @entity4271 :: ('MESH:D005444', 'Chemical') :: ['Flunarizine', 'flunarizine']

answer: @entity4499 :: (MESH:D007049,Disease) :: ['Iatrogenic diseases']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Chronic @entity4512 is a complex condition to manage with widespread consequences including physical disability, psychosocial effects and increased use of healthcare. Previous research has found @entity1 ' experiences within health care can be influenced by factors such as expectations, therapist characteristics and treatment process. This study used @entity1 interviews to identify the key factors that influence individuals' experiences in the management of @entity1118 . DESIGN: Qualitative study using semi-structured interviews in either a home or hospital setting. METHODS: Semi-structured interviews were conducted on eight @entity1 attending hospital-based @entity158 management. @entity1 were asked about their experiences of @entity158 management and living with a @entity1118 . Interviews were transcribed and analysed thematically. RESULTS: Three main themes were identified; impact of their condition on daily life, clinical interactions and the @entity158 management process. Understanding the condition was a key factor for the @entity1 , in particular, explanation by the clinician. The temporality of their @entity158 meant timing of appointments was critical. @entity1 reported factors such as family days and follow-up sessions would improve their treatment experience. CONCLUSIONS: This study highlighted important factors for healthcare professionals and @entity1 in the management of @entity1118 . @entity1 indicated a desire to understand their condition and learn strategies for self-management to allow them to cope better. As @entity1 found benefit from being involved in the management process, discussions around the options for treatment may enhance management and rehabilitation. It is important we continue to research factors important to individuals with @entity4512 to find an effective, evidence-based framework for understanding and managing this condition. Implications for rehabilitation This study highlights the importance to @entity1 of being given information to help them understand their @entity158 condition and to learn strategies for self-management to cope better. Where information was not provided and inadequate time allowed for questioning and discussion, @entity1 tended to desire more frequent access to the care services. More effective communication may result in reduced demand and more efficient management. @entity1 suggested that ongoing peer support may offer an alternative to clinician-led services.

title: A qualitative investigation of factors that matter to individuals in the XXXX management process.

entities_list: @entity4512 :: ('MESH:D059352', 'Disease') :: ['musculoskeletal pain']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain condition', 'chronic pain']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A number of @entity854 have been described in @entity1 with @entity191 , but very few longitudinal studies of how these change with disease progression have been reported. We describe measures of motor cortex inhibition and plasticity at 6 and 12 mo in 12 @entity1 that we previously reported at initial diagnosis. Given the well-known interindividual variation in these measures, we were particularly concerned with the within-subject changes over time. METHODS: @entity1 were assessed clinically, and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) was used to measure motor cortical excitability, inhibition (short interval intracortical inhibition, cortical silent period), and plasticity (response to excitatory paired associative stimulation protocol) in both hemispheres. All measurements were performed 6 mo and 12 mo after the baseline experiments. RESULTS: Asymmetry in clinical motor symptoms was reflected in asymmetry of plasticity and inhibition. In the group as a whole, little change was seen in any of the parameters over 12 mo. However, analysis of within-individual data showed clear correlations between changes in clinical asymmetry and asymmetry of response to paired associative stimulation protocol and cortical silent period. CONCLUSIONS: Longitudinal changes in cortical silent period and response to paired associative stimulation protocol in @entity191 reflect dynamic effects on motor cortex that are related to progression of motor signs. They are useful objective markers of early disease progression that could be used to detect effects of disease-modifying therapies. The decline in heightened plasticity that was present at disease onset may reflect failure of compensatory mechanisms that maintained function in the preclinical state.

title: Transcranial magnetic stimulation follow-up study in early XXXX : A decline in compensation with disease progression?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['neurophysiological abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease"]

answer: @entity191 :: (MESH:D010300,Disease) :: ['Parkinson's disease']


abstract: It has been observed previously that a @entity1410 affects skin flap survival adversely through free radical action. The current study was undertaken to determine whether similar mechanisms are operative in skin grafts. The experiment was divided into two parts. During part I, 2 x 2 cm2 split-thickness skin grafts (STSGs) were harvested from 18 Fischer @entity35 and were divided randomly into three groups (each consisted of six grafts), and incubated with plasma, blood, and blood plus 70 mg @entity5532 for 48 hours respectively. Tissue samples were assayed for lipoperoxidation ( @entity1234 [ @entity1865 ]), @entity224 dismutase (SOD), and @entity842 synthase (NOS). During part II, 36 STSGs were harvested and were divided randomly into three groups. The grafts were incubated as in part I for 48 hours. The STSGs were then affixed to the same dimension recipient beds created on the back of 36 inbred @entity35 . Survival was evaluated 7 days postoperatively. The results showed that there was no significant difference in @entity1865 and NOS levels between each incubated graft group in part I. Only the SOD level in both grafts incubated with plasma and blood plus @entity5532 were significantly higher than the grafts over blood alone (p < 0.05). During part II, there was no significant difference of the average STSG survival percentage between the groups incubated with blood and blood plus @entity5532 (35.8 +/- 6.5% and 52.0 +/- 9.5%). The survival percentage of the group incubated with plasma was 81.8 +/- 7.3%, which was significantly higher than the other two groups (p < 0.01). The authors concluded that unlike a distal flap model, the pathological importance of free radicals in survival of the STSG over a @entity1410 is insignificant. A more likely hypothesis, as suggested by others, is that a @entity1410 serves as a barrier preventing angiogenesis.

title: Role of free radicals in necrosis of skin graft compromised with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5532 :: ('MESH:D003676', 'Chemical') :: ['deferoxamine']

entities_list: @entity1234 :: ('MESH:D008315', 'Chemical') :: ['malondialdehyde']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide']

answer: @entity1410 :: (MESH:D006406,Disease) :: ['hematoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Although omentectomy is part of the staging and treatment of @entity43 ( @entity43 ), its performance in a @entity1 with a grossly normal omentum-acknowledging its role in debulking gross @entity5 deposits-has never been definitively shown to improve survival. METHODS/MATERIALS: Using Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results data from 1998 to 2010, we identified @entity1 with @entity43 and assessed their age, race, year of diagnosis, @entity5 grade, histologic subtype, International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage, lymph node dissection, nodal findings, and performance of omentectomy. We compared @entity66 ( @entity66 ) based on the presence or absence of omentectomy using log-rank univariate analysis, Cox multivariate analysis, and Kaplan-Meier survival curves. RESULTS: A total of 20,975 @entity1 with invasive @entity43 underwent surgical treatment. Initial univariate analysis indicated a lower mean @entity66 with performance of omentectomy. However, multivariate analysis demonstrated no significant association between @entity66 and performance of omentectomy (hazard ratio, 0.978; P = 0.506). The @entity66 was improved if lymphadenectomy was performed (hazard ratio, 0.60; P < 0.001). In recent years, there was a trend toward decreased performance of omentectomy.To look specifically at @entity1 without @entity66 , a subset analysis was done looking at @entity1 with stage I-IIIA disease who had had lymphadenectomy performed. There were 5454 @entity1 in the group who underwent an omentectomy and 2404 @entity1 in the group who did not. No difference in @entity66 was seen between the groups based on performance of omentectomy (P = 0.89). However, the analysis was limited by the lack of Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results data on the extent of omentectomy, amount of @entity66 , and adjuvant chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: In this analysis, performance of omentectomy in @entity1 with @entity43 without bulky disease ( <=stage IIIA) did not seem to confer improvement in survival. A randomized control trial would be needed to fully address this question.

title: Does Omentectomy in Epithelial XXXX Affect Survival? An Analysis of the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Database.

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['EOC', 'epithelial ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['bulky omental disease', 'residual disease', 'DSS', 'disease-specific survival']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['Ovarian Cancer']


abstract: The antihypertensive effect and @entity1 tolerability during 12 weeks' treatment with @entity2165 and @entity3592 were evaluated in an open, randomized, between- @entity1 trial. Out of a total of 162 @entity1 , aged 50-75 years, with previously untreated @entity101 , 151 completed the trial. They were randomly allocated to two groups. Forty-nine @entity1 , aged 50-64 years (middle-aged), and 23, aged 65-75 years (elderly), were treated with @entity2165 . Forty middle-aged and 39 elderly were treated with @entity3592 . Significant reductions in blood pressure (BP) were observed during treatment with each drug (p less than 0.001). The change in diastolic BP in middle-aged @entity1 was significant in favour of @entity2165 (p less than 0.01), but otherwise no difference was found between the two drugs. @entity414 increased during treatment with both drugs (p less than 0.001). Serum @entity972 decreased during @entity3592 treatment (p less than 0.001). Subjective side-effects of both drugs were few and expected. The results of this study indicate that @entity2165 and @entity3592 are equally effective in reducing BP in @entity1 aged 50-75 years.

title: @entity2165 versus XXXX in middle-aged and elderly @entity101 .

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity3592 :: ('MESH:D001539', 'Chemical') :: ['bendroflumethiazide']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

entities_list: @entity2165 :: ('MESH:D001262', 'Chemical') :: ['atenolol']

entities_list: @entity414 :: ('MESH:D014527', 'Chemical') :: ['Uric acid']

answer: @entity3592 :: (MESH:D001539,Chemical) :: ['bendroflumethiazide']


abstract: Background. Several polymorphisms of a locus on chromosome 1p13.3 have a significant effect on low-density lipoprotein @entity165 (LDL-C), @entity731 , and @entity1187 ( @entity1187 ). Methods. We aimed to investigate the association between @entity24953 , @entity60986 , and @entity60987 of locus 1p13.3 and serum LDL-C and severity of @entity3979 in @entity1187 @entity1 . Genotyping of the @entity24953 , @entity60986 , and @entity60987 polymorphisms was performed on Arab @entity1 undergoing coronary angiography for @entity1187 . @entity1 were divided into group A ( @entity1187 with insignificant @entity850 (<50%)) and group B (with significant @entity850 (>= 50%)). Results. @entity1 carrying the minor G allele in @entity24953 had significantly lower mean of LDL-C (2.58 versus 3.44   mM, P = 0.026) than homozygous A allele carriers (GG versus AA). Carriers of minor C allele in @entity60988 had significantly higher mean of HDL-C (2.16 versus 1.36   mM, P = 0.004) than carriers of the T alleles (AA versus GG). The odd ratio and 95% confidence interval for dominant model for G allele carriers of @entity24953 were 0.51 (0.30-0.92), P = 0.038, among @entity1 with significant @entity850 . Conclusions. Polymorphisms @entity60986 and @entity24953 of locus 1p13.3 were significantly associated with LDL-C and other lipid parameters. In addition, the G-allele carriers of variant @entity24953 had a significant protective effect against the @entity731 .

title: The Association between Serum LDL Cholesterol and Genetic Variation in Chromosomal Locus 1p13.3 among Coronary Artery Disease XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['ACS', 'acute coronary syndrome']

entities_list: @entity3979 :: ('MESH:D023921', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery stenosis']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: Twenty-three @entity8880 and 18 granular @entity1358 (GRCC) were comparatively studied clinicopathologically and by DNA flow cytometry to delineate their differences. Of the @entity1 with @entity8880 , 15 were @entity1 and 8 were @entity1 , and their ages ranged from 42 to 81 years (mean, 64 years). The gross appearance of @entity8880 was characteristically homogeneous tan-brown, with variable @entity2318 , without areas of large @entity548 , and with no apparent @entity39 . Twenty-two @entity8880 were confined within the kidney (Robson stage I) and one @entity5 extended into the renal vein (stage IIIa). Twenty-two @entity8880 , including the stage IIIa @entity5 , manifested diploid DNA content and only one @entity5 showed a feature suggestive of near-diploid DNA aneuploidy. Of the 17 @entity1 with @entity8880 who had adequate follow-up, none developed @entity3 or died of disease. Of the @entity1 with GRCC, 13 were @entity1 and 5 were @entity1 , and their ages ranged from 30 to 73 years (mean, 53 years). The gross appearance of GRCC was variegated, yellow to tan, and punctuated with geographic areas of @entity39 . Eleven @entity1 with GRCC were stage I, 4 were stage II, 2 were stage IIIa, and 1 @entity1 had @entity3 at initial examination (stage IV). Seven GRCCs were DNA diploid, one was DNA tetraploid, and 10 @entity5 were DNA aneuploid. Twelve @entity1 were alive with no evidence of disease (12 to 36 months; median, 26 months). All @entity1 with DNA diploid @entity5 pursued benign clinical courses. One @entity1 was alive with metastatic disease and two @entity1 developed @entity3 and died of their disease; all three @entity1 had DNA @entity5 . Two @entity1 died of other causes and one @entity1 was lost to follow-up. Our data indicate that @entity8880 is a distinct clinicopathologic disease with characteristic gross, histologic, DNA flow cytometric, and biologic features that are different from GRCC.

title: XXXX and @entity1358 . A comparative clinicopathologic and DNA flow cytometric study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity8880 :: ('MESH:C537750', 'Disease') :: ['renal oncocytomas', 'renal oncocytoma']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors', 'aneuploid tumors', 'neoplasm']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['renal cell carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'metastases']

answer: @entity8880 :: (MESH:C537750,Disease) :: ['Renal oncocytoma']


abstract: We investigated 31 @entity808 ( @entity808 ) from 23 @entity1 by means of comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) in order to study quantitative genomic aberrations of these @entity5 . Twenty-one of the 23 @entity1 revealed changes, with a mean value of 11 aberrations per sample (range 2-29). The minimal common regions of the most frequent gains were 8q23-q24.1 (12 cases), 5p14 (11 cases), and 6p22-pter, 7p15-p21, 7q32-q35, 8q21.1-q22, 8q24.2-qter, and 17q22-qter (10 cases each). Seventeen high-level amplifications were detected in eight of the 21 samples. In three cases, the high-level amplifications involved 8q24.1-qter, and in two cases each the high-level amplifications involved regions 5p14, 7p14-pter, 8q21.1-q23, and 13q32-q33. The minimal common region of frequent losses was 14q24.3-qter (five cases). The gain of 8q as a single common change in the @entity5 , the recurrence, and the @entity3 from the same @entity1 suggests that this aberration is an early change in the tumorigenesis of @entity808 . Comparable aberrations were observed in separate @entity5 of the same @entity1 affected by @entity1264 , indicating a limited number of accidental secondary changes. In sporadic @entity808 , the most frequent gains were narrowed down predominantly to 5p, 6, 8q, and 20q, whereas in @entity808 from @entity1 with @entity1264 , there was most often a gain in 7q, 8q, 15q, and 17q. The occurrence of gain of both 7p15-p21 and 17q22-qter was associated with a statistically significant poor overall survival rate (P = 0.0096).

title: Genomic imbalances of 7p and 17q in XXXX are clinically relevant.

entities_list: @entity808 :: ('MESH:D009442', 'Disease') :: ['malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors', 'MPNSTs']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['primary tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1264 :: ('MESH:D009456', 'Disease') :: ["Recklinghausen's disease"]

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity808 :: (MESH:D009442,Disease) :: ['malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors']


abstract: The objective of the present study was to determine the density and functional properties of alpha 1 adrenoceptors in different regions of the @entity1 prostate. Binding and functional studies were performed on eight different topographical regions of the prostate. The contractile response (gm. force/mm.2 cross-sectional area [CSA]) was determined at varying concentrations of @entity2647 , and saturation experiments were performed at seven different concentrations of 125I-Heat. The maximal response to @entity2647 (Emax) ranged from 0.067 to 0.272 gm. force/mm.2 The CSA and the EC50 ranged from 25 to 41 microM. The differences between EC50 and Emax were not significantly different among the eight prostatic regions. A 1.8-fold difference between the Emax for peripheral and central regions of the prostate was statistically significant (p = 0.04). The equilibrium dissociation constant (Kd) of 125I-Heat and the receptor density Bmax were determined from the Scatchard plots. The mean Kd and Bmax ranged from 0.15 to 0.26 nM. and 0.30 to 0.72 fmol. per mg. wet weight, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences between mean Kd and mean Bmax for the eight prostatic regions. The 1.7-fold difference between central and peripheral mean Bmax was not statistically significant (p = 0.07). A direct relationship was not observed between @entity2647 mean Emax and mean Bmax. The present study demonstrates regional differences of the binding and functional properties of prostatic alpha 1 adrenoceptors in the @entity1 prostate. These regional differences must be taken into account when investigating the pharmacologic and physiologic properties of the prostate.

title: Binding and functional properties of alpha1 adrenoceptors in different regions of the XXXX prostate.

entities_list: @entity2647 :: ('MESH:D010656', 'Chemical') :: ['phenylephrine']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: AIM: To investigate the safety of performing simultaneous cardiac surgery and a resection of a @entity344 . METHODS: Among 3664 elective cardiac operations performed in adults at Kagoshima University Hospital from January 1991 to October 2009, this study reviewed the clinical records of the @entity1 who underwent concomitant cardiac surgery and a gastrointestinal resection. Such simultaneous surgeries were performed in 15 @entity1 between January 1991 and October 2009. The @entity299 included 8 cases of @entity453 and 7 cases with @entity340 . @entity344 included 11 gastric and 4 @entity694 . Immediate postoperative and long-term outcomes were evaluated. RESULTS: @entity260 occurred in 5 @entity1 (33.3%), including @entity64 (n = 1), @entity1576 requiring re-intubation (n = 1), @entity548 (n = 2), @entity3638 (n = 1) and @entity1174 (n = 1). There was 1 hospital death caused by the development of adult @entity649 after postoperative surgical @entity548 followed aortic valve replacement plus gastrectomy. There was no cardiovascular event in the @entity1 during the follow-up period. The cumulative survival rate for all @entity1 was 69.2% at 5 years. CONCLUSION: Simultaneous procedures are acceptable for the @entity1 who require surgery for both @entity299 and @entity344 . In particular, the combination of a standard cardiac operation, such as coronary artery bypass grafting or an isolated valve replacement and simple gastrointestinal resection, such as gastrectomy or colectomy can therefore be safely performed.

title: Simultaneous operation for XXXX and @entity344 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['strokes']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage', 'bleeding']

entities_list: @entity649 :: ('MESH:D012128', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory distress syndrome']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal malignancy', 'Gastrointestinal malignancies']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity1174 :: ('MESH:D011015', 'Disease') :: ['aspiration pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory failure']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac diseases']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity340 :: ('MESH:D006349', 'Disease') :: ['valvular heart disease']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon cancers']

entities_list: @entity3638 :: ('MESH:D006932', 'Disease') :: ['hyperbilirubinemia']

answer: @entity299 :: (MESH:D006331,Disease) :: ['cardiac disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Oxidative stress and @entity2383 are central mediators of @entity299 after @entity63 /reperfusion. @entity855 binding cassette mitochondrial erythroid ( @entity61988 ; @entity61988 ; @entity61989 ) is a mitochondrial transporter highly induced during erythroid differentiation and predominantly expressed in bone marrow, liver, and heart. Until now, @entity61988 function in heart was unknown. Several lines of evidence demonstrate that the @entity375 ortholog of @entity61988 protects against increased oxidative stress. Therefore, @entity61988 is a potential modulator of the outcome of @entity63 /reperfusion in the heart. METHODS AND RESULTS: @entity19 harboring 1 functional allele of @entity61988 ( @entity61988 (+/-)) were generated by replacing @entity61988 exons 2 and 3 with a @entity5154 resistance cassette. Cardiac function was assessed with Langendorff perfusion and echocardiography. Under basal conditions, @entity61988 (+/-) @entity19 had normal heart structure, hemodynamic function, mitochondrial respiration, and oxidative status. However, after @entity63 /reperfusion, the recovery of hemodynamic function was reduced by 50% in @entity61988 (+/-) hearts as a result of @entity73 and diastolic function. This reduction was associated with impaired mitochondrial bioenergetic function and with oxidative damage to both mitochondrial lipids and sarcoplasmic reticulum @entity460 ATPase after reperfusion. Treatment of @entity61988 (+/-) hearts with the @entity224 dismutase/catalase mimetic @entity61990 prevented oxidative damage to mitochondria and sarcoplasmic reticulum @entity460 ATPase and restored mitochondrial and cardiac function to wild-type levels after reperfusion. CONCLUSIONS: Inactivation of 1 allele of @entity61988 increases the susceptibility to oxidative stress induced by @entity63 /reperfusion, leading to increased oxidative damage to mitochondria and sarcoplasmic reticulum @entity460 ATPase and to impaired functional recovery. Thus, @entity61988 is a novel gene that determines the ability to tolerate @entity299 /reperfusion.

title: Mitochondrial transporter XXXX binding cassette mitochondrial erythroid is a novel gene required for cardiac recovery after @entity63 /reperfusion.

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['impairments in both systolic']

entities_list: @entity5154 :: ('MESH:D009355', 'Chemical') :: ['neomycin']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac ischemia', 'cardiac dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide']

entities_list: @entity2383 :: ('MESH:D028361', 'Disease') :: ['mitochondrial dysfunction']

answer: @entity855 :: (MESH:D000255,Chemical) :: ['ATP']


abstract: The influence of exogenous @entity1199 ( @entity1199 ) on the immunosuppressive effect of @entity205 in the mixed lymphocyte response (MLR) was examined. Results show that addition of exogenous @entity1199 to a MLR containing graded doses of @entity870 (0.01-2.5 micrograms/ml) restored a normal proliferative response to alloantigens. In contrast, the effect of exogenous @entity1199 on the induction of cytotoxic lymphocytes in primary MLR in the presence of @entity870 was variable. At the highest doses of @entity870 (0.5-2.5 micrograms/ml), no cytotoxic T cell activity could be detected, regardless of the presence of exogenous @entity1199 . However, at a lower dose of @entity870 (0.1 microgram/ml) that routinely resulted in the total inhibition of cytotoxic T cell induction, addition of exogenous @entity1199 resulted in significant levels of detectable cytotoxic T cell activity. The effect of time-sequential addition of @entity870 or @entity870 -plus-exogenous- @entity1199 on the proliferative and @entity1860 responses in MLR was also examined. Results show that addition of @entity870 to ongoing primary MLR cultures within the first 48-96 hr of culture results in the significant inhibition of the proliferative and @entity1860 response in MLR. Addition of @entity870 -plus-exogenous- @entity1199 to ongoing cultures resulted in no significant inhibition of the proliferative response. In contrast, addition of @entity870 -plus-exogenous- @entity1199 within the first 4 hr of culture did not overcome the immunosuppressive effect of @entity870 . At 18 hr of culture addition of @entity870 resulted in complete suppression of the @entity1860 response, whereas the addition of @entity870 -plus- @entity1199 resulted in significant levels of @entity137 . Thereafter addition of @entity870 -plus- @entity1199 resulted in enhanced levels of cytotoxic T cell activity compared with cultures receiving @entity870 alone. Taken together, our results suggest that: (1) exogenous @entity1199 can overcome the immunosuppressive effect of @entity870 on the proliferative response in MLR to alloantigens; (2) at high levels of @entity870 , @entity1199 cannot overcome the immunosuppressive effect of @entity870 on the induction of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes; (3) there are doses of @entity870 at least in vitro, that allow for the activation of the cytotoxic T cell, presumably with the acquisition of a receptor for @entity1199 but without the clonal amplification due to inhibition of @entity1199 production; and (4) time-sequential studies revealed that the development of responsiveness to @entity1199 by the precursor cytotoxic T cell occurs 4-18 hr after exposure to the stimulating alloantigen with clonal expansion if @entity1199 is present.

title: Effect of @entity1199 on the immunosuppressive action of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporine']

answer: @entity205 :: (MESH:D016572,Chemical) :: ['cyclosporine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In recent years the role of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) as an independent predictor of mortality and morbidity has gained significant attention in colorectal, upper gastrointestinal and @entity5 surgery. To date, no study has examined this in @entity1755 (rAAAs). This study aims to assess the role of NLR as a prognostic marker of 30-day (30d) morbidity and mortality in @entity1 undergoing repair of rAAAs. METHODS: Data from 80 consecutive @entity1 with a diagnosis of rAAAs from November 2007 to June 2014 were included. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to identify the optimal value for NLR in relation to 30d mortality and morbidity. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to determine the role of NLR after stratification by several clinical factors. RESULTS: 25 @entity1 (31.2%) had a low NLR (LNLR) and 55 @entity1 (68.8%) had a @entity2101 ( @entity2101 ). Elevated NLR was significantly associated with low Hemoglobin and it was not associated with gender, age, AAA Size, history of HTN, COPD, smoking and @entity177 . @entity1 with @entity2101 had higher 30d morbidity compared with the LNLR group (35 vs. 6 p  =  0.001) but no difference in intraoperative @entity190 , length of hospital, ITU stay and 30d mortality. High NLR through multivariate analysis was an independent prognostic factor for 30d morbidity [OR  =  4.28, 95% (1.27-14.42), p  =  0.02]. CONCLUSION: A preoperative NLR >5 is an independent predictive marker of 30d morbidity in rAAAs. This appears to be in line with earlier literature demonstrating similar outcome in the elective group of @entity1028 .

title: Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) of five predicts 30-day morbidity in @entity1755 ( XXXX ): A retrospective cohort study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1755 :: ('MESH:D001019', 'Disease') :: ['ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity1028 :: ('MESH:D017544', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal aortic aneurysm']

answer: @entity1755 :: (MESH:D001019,Disease) :: ['rAAA']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Functional diffusion mapping (fDM) is a @entity5 imaging technique that quantifies voxelwise changes in apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC). Previous studies have shown value of fDMs in bevacizumab therapy for recurrent @entity463 ( @entity463 ). The aim of the present study was to implement explicit criteria for diffusion MRI quality control and independently evaluate fDM performance in a multicenter clinical trial (RTOG 0625/ACRIN 6677). A total of 123 @entity1 were enrolled in the current multicenter trial and signed institutional review board-approved informed consent at their respective institutions. MRI was acquired prior to and 8 weeks following therapy. A 5-point QC scoring system was used to evaluate DWI quality. fDM performance was evaluated according to the correlation of these metrics with PFS and @entity3012 at the first follow-up time-point. Results showed ADC variability of 7.3% in NAWM and 10.5% in CSF. A total of 68% of @entity1 had usable DWI data and 47% of @entity1 had high quality DWI data when also excluding @entity1 that progressed before the first follow-up. fDM performance was improved by using only the highest quality DWI. High pre-treatment contrast enhancing @entity5 volume was associated with shorter PFS and @entity3012 . A high volume fraction of increasing ADC after therapy was associated with shorter PFS, while a high volume fraction of decreasing ADC was associated with shorter @entity3012 . In summary, DWI in multicenter trials are currently of limited value due to image quality. Improvements in consistency of image quality in multicenter trials are necessary for further advancement of DWI biomarkers.

title: Diffusion MRI quality control and functional diffusion map results in ACRIN 6677/RTOG 0625: A multicenter, randomized, phase II trial of bevacizumab and chemotherapy in recurrent XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity463 :: ('MESH:D005909', 'Disease') :: ['glioblastoma multiforme', 'GBM']

answer: @entity463 :: (MESH:D005909,Disease) :: ['glioblastoma']


abstract: Chile, middle-income country with 15 million @entity1 , began an expanded access program (EAP) to antiretroviral therapy (ART) in 2001. EAP provides ART, monitoring, and funding for management of associated complications in 32 points of care. A national cohort (Chilean @entity791 Cohort [ChiAC]), enrolling 98% of these @entity1 , was created for standardized treatment and impact evaluation. Information exchange is mainly through the Internet. By December 2004, the ChiAC had 4365 @entity1 (83.3% male). At baseline, 47.5% had clinical @entity791 , 26.2% were asymptomatic, 80.2% had a @entity404 count <200 cells/mm and 58.2% were ART naive; in these @entity1 , the most frequent regimen is @entity9611 , @entity16332 , and efavirenz. A 6-month follow-up in 1057 @entity1 showed a global mortality of 5% (0.5% if @entity1 were asymptomatic at baseline and 8.3% if @entity1 had baseline @entity791 ). There was a similar risk of death if the baseline @entity404 count was 100 to 200 cells/mm or >200 cells/mm ( approximately 1%), but this increased to 4.8% (relative risk [RR] = 5.2) and 10.7% (RR = 11.5) if the @entity404 count was 51 to 100 cells/mm or <or=50 cells/mm, respectively. Discontinuation occurred in 7.7% of @entity1 because of @entity137 , and progression occurred in 2.9%. A successful EAP to ART with the resources of a middle-income country is possible. Early results are similar to those of industrialized countries. A national cohort allows better implementation and evaluation of the program and may be a useful model for other countries.

title: The Chilean XXXX cohort: a model for evaluating the impact of an expanded access program to antiretroviral therapy in a middle-income country--organization and preliminary results.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity9611 :: ('MESH:D015215', 'Chemical') :: ['zidovudine']

entities_list: @entity16332 :: ('MESH:D019259', 'Chemical') :: ['lamivudine']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['drug toxicity']

answer: @entity791 :: (MESH:D000163,Disease) :: ['AIDS']


abstract: @entity15088 ( @entity15088 ) characterized by @entity1610 , @entity628 ( @entity628 ), @entity14634 and @entity154 is caused by defects in the @entity15089 gene. The gene product is involved in the transcriptional regulation of other genes. A 12-year-old @entity1 of consanginous Turkish descent developed disproportionate @entity851 from @entity1610 at the age of 6 and @entity1985 at the age of 10 years. Renal biopsy revealed @entity628 , the kidney function was normal, T-lymphocytes were diminished without @entity166 complications, and he has had no @entity2806 . Analysis of the @entity1 's @entity15089 gene revealed a novel homozygous @entity60211 transition leading to a @entity60212 substitution. The parents and two healthy sisters were found to be heterozygous. A younger brother, who is also homozygous for the mutation, is clinically asymptomatic and has no @entity644 at the age of 18 months. Still, his CD4 cells are diminished. For @entity15089 mutations a clear genotype-phenotype correlation has been reported: severe @entity15088 with in utero or early-childhood onset leading to @entity454 within a few years is caused by nonsense, frame shift or splice mutations. Many @entity1 die from infections and cerebrovascular insults during childhood. Mild @entity15088 manifests later and progresses more slowly without @entity166 or cerebral vascular complications--the underlying defect being missense mutations in all three @entity1 reported so far. The novel @entity60212 missense mutation in our @entity1 with mild @entity15088 is additional evidence for the genotype-phenotype correlation reported for @entity15089 mutations.

title: @entity60212 missense mutation in the XXXX gene associated with mild @entity15088 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'boy']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['facial dysmorphism']

entities_list: @entity1610 :: ('MESH:D010009', 'Disease') :: ['spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity14634 :: ('MESH:C536780', 'Disease') :: ['T-cell immunodeficiency']

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['short stature']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral ischemia']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity628 :: ('MESH:D005923', 'Disease') :: ['focal-segmental glomerulosclerosis', 'FSGS']

entities_list: @entity15088 :: ('MESH:C536629', 'Disease') :: ['SIOD', 'Autosomal-recessive Schimke immuno-osseous dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity1985 :: ('MESH:D009404', 'Disease') :: ['nephrotic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['infectious']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage renal disease']

answer: @entity15089 :: (50485,Gene) :: ['SMARCAL1']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The objective was to investigate, in two community samples of @entity1 with @entity1566 , the frequency of use of different @entity158 treatments and the perceived helpfulness of these treatments. DESIGN AND SETTING: A postal survey was conducted in the community. @entity1 : The @entity1 were 471 @entity1 aged 18 years or older who had @entity1566 and @entity158 . There were 2 separate samples (n = 308 and n = 163). OUTCOME MEASURES: The @entity158 treatments used, the helpfulness of these treatments, and the @entity1118 Grade questionnaire answers were assessed. RESULTS: Respondents reported multiple @entity158 treatments (range of 0-14 and median of 4 in sample 1; range of 0-16 and median of 4 in sample 2). The most commonly reported treatments were oral medications and physical therapy. Medication types most commonly reported were nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), @entity1443 , and opioids. The treatments rated as most helpful were opioid medications, physical therapy, and @entity3175 therapy, and those rated as least helpful were spinal cord stimulation, counseling or psychotherapy, administration of @entity1443 , and administration of @entity3659 . Alternative treatments reported as most helpful were massage therapy and use of marijuana. Acupuncture was tried by many but was rated as only moderately helpful. CONCLUSIONS: This survey of two large samples of community-dwelling individuals with @entity1566 -related @entity1118 indicates that multiple @entity158 treatments are tried but only a few are rated as more than somewhat helpful. Furthermore, the treatments that are most commonly reported are not always those that are rated as most helpful. The findings point to a number of potentially fruitful directions for future research.

title: Treatments for @entity1118 associated with XXXX : many are tried, few are helpful.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'PARTICIPANTS', 'people', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity3175 :: ('MESH:D003975', 'Chemical') :: ['diazepam']

entities_list: @entity3659 :: ('MESH:D000639', 'Chemical') :: ['amitriptyline']

entities_list: @entity1566 :: ('MESH:D013119', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord injuries', 'spinal cord injury']

entities_list: @entity1443 :: ('MESH:D000082', 'Chemical') :: ['acetaminophen']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain', 'Chronic Pain']

answer: @entity1566 :: (MESH:D013119,Disease) :: ['spinal cord injuries']


abstract: The antihypertensive effect and @entity1 tolerability during 12 weeks' treatment with @entity2165 and @entity3592 were evaluated in an open, randomized, between- @entity1 trial. Out of a total of 162 @entity1 , aged 50-75 years, with previously untreated @entity101 , 151 completed the trial. They were randomly allocated to two groups. Forty-nine @entity1 , aged 50-64 years (middle-aged), and 23, aged 65-75 years (elderly), were treated with @entity2165 . Forty middle-aged and 39 elderly were treated with @entity3592 . Significant reductions in blood pressure (BP) were observed during treatment with each drug (p less than 0.001). The change in diastolic BP in middle-aged @entity1 was significant in favour of @entity2165 (p less than 0.01), but otherwise no difference was found between the two drugs. @entity414 increased during treatment with both drugs (p less than 0.001). Serum @entity972 decreased during @entity3592 treatment (p less than 0.001). Subjective side-effects of both drugs were few and expected. The results of this study indicate that @entity2165 and @entity3592 are equally effective in reducing BP in @entity1 aged 50-75 years.

title: XXXX versus @entity3592 in middle-aged and elderly @entity101 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity3592 :: ('MESH:D001539', 'Chemical') :: ['bendroflumethiazide']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

entities_list: @entity2165 :: ('MESH:D001262', 'Chemical') :: ['atenolol']

entities_list: @entity414 :: ('MESH:D014527', 'Chemical') :: ['Uric acid']

answer: @entity2165 :: (MESH:D001262,Chemical) :: ['Atenolol']


abstract: Using a gastrostomy-fed (GF) @entity35 @entity1 "pup-in-a-cup" model, the effects of protein deprivation and supplemental @entity1160 ( @entity7647 ) and @entity2227 ( @entity367 ) were examined to test the hypothesis that @entity7647 decreases the proinflammatory response induced by @entity558 in the developing @entity1 @entity35 small intestine. Four groups of 6- to 7-day-old pups were fed a @entity35 milk substitute (RMS), one providing 100% and three providing 25% of normal protein intake for another 6 days. Two of the 25% protein-fed groups received supplemental @entity7647 or @entity367 . GF and @entity558 treatment blunted body growth and intestinal villus height and increased intestinal cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant (CINC) mRNA in the protein-deprived, non- @entity7647 -treated group compared with mother-fed pups (P < 0.05). @entity7647 blunted intestinal CINC mRNA (P < 0.05), but @entity367 did not. Intestinal CINC peptide in the @entity558 -treated pups provided 100 and 25% protein was elevated approximately 13-fold compared with the mother-reared pups (P < 0.001). @entity7647 and @entity367 decreased intestinal CINC peptide by 73 and 80%, respectively. GF, @entity558 -treated pups also had a higher level of plasma CINC peptide (P < 0.05). @entity7647 but not @entity367 decreased plasma CINC peptide (P < 0.05). An approximate sixfold elevation of intestinal MPO activity in the GF, @entity558 -treated @entity35 was decreased by @entity7647 and @entity367 by 92% (P < 0.001) and 54% (P < 0.05), respectively. Intestinal and plasma @entity1505 were increased in GF, @entity558 -treated pups (P < 0.01), and @entity7647 and @entity367 both blunted this increase (P < 0.05) in the intestine but not in the plasma. The results indicate that @entity7647 decreases the @entity558 -induced inflammatory response in @entity1 @entity35 intestine under different conditions of protein intake.

title: XXXX decreases lipopolysaccharide-induced intestinal inflammation in @entity1 @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity2227 :: ('CHEBI:29987', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamate']

entities_list: @entity1160 :: ('CHEBI:28300', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamine']

answer: @entity1160 :: (CHEBI:28300,Chemical) :: ['Glutamine']


abstract: @entity8 ( @entity8 ) following @entity293 ( @entity293 ) is an important cause of renal morbidity in @entity1 . Studies have shown that the intensity of the inflammatory response following infection is related to the risk of @entity8 . However, genetic variability in this response has not been studied. Adhesion molecules play a crucial role in leucocyte recruitment following infection, and polymorphisms have been reported in the genes for key cell adhesion molecules. We have investigated the possibility that @entity1 who develop @entity8 following @entity293 may exhibit altered genotype or allele frequencies for polymorphisms of the @entity2071 ( @entity2071 ) (exons 4 and 6), E-selectin (exons 2 and 4), @entity2279 ( @entity2279 ) (exon 3) and @entity9536 (3'UTR) genes, which may predict outcome of @entity293 . DNA was isolated from 99 @entity1 shown to have developed @entity8 , 43 @entity1 with no evidence of scarring (NS) following @entity293 and 170 healthy controls. Genotyping was performed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. When the @entity8 group was compared with the NS group, there was a significant reduction in the frequency of the @entity2071 exon 4 A allele (10.6 vs. 21.3%, respectively, chi2 = 6.01, P = 0.014). There was no significant difference in either allele or genotype frequency for any of the other polymorphisms studied. These data suggest that the A allele of the @entity2071 exon 4 polymorphism may protect against the risk of @entity8 following @entity293 and may participate in the regulation of the inflammatory response following @entity293 .

title: Association between XXXX Gly-Arg polymorphism and renal parenchymal scarring following childhood @entity293 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['RPS', 'Renal parenchymal scarring']

entities_list: @entity2279 :: ('5175', 'Gene') :: ['platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1', 'PECAM-1']

entities_list: @entity2071 :: ('3383', 'Gene') :: ['ICAM-1', 'intercellular adhesion molecule-1']

entities_list: @entity293 :: ('MESH:D014552', 'Disease') :: ['urinary tract infection', 'UTI']

answer: @entity2071 :: (3383,Gene) :: ['ICAM-1']