abstract: Guar smoothens postprandial @entity413 peaks and reduces serum @entity165 . Both properties are advantageous for @entity6 @entity1 and can be realized, in part, by adding fiber to the diet. Depending on the blood @entity413 concentration, a small portion is incorporated into hemoglobin ( @entity4051 ), building a largely irreversible complex, making it a long-term indicator of blood @entity413 status. @entity4051 may increase from a normal value of about 5% to as much as 20% of total hemoglobin in diabetics. This study tested the efficacy of two guar preparations in @entity6 @entity1 over 3 months by measuring @entity4051 , @entity165 and @entity1674 . Forty @entity6 @entity1 with @entity4051 > 10% ingested either 3 x 4 g daily of a new guar preparation ( @entity31208 , Steigerwald, Darmstadt, Germany) or 3 x 5 g daily of Glucotard (Boehringer, Mannheim, Germany) for 12 weeks. Before and after 30, 60 and 90 days of treatment, @entity4051 , @entity165 and @entity1674 were determined. After 90 days of treatment, @entity31208 caused a reduction in @entity4051 from 12.6 +/- 2.6% to 10.5 +/- 1.5% (-15.6 +/- 9.0%) in the @entity31208 group and from 12.0 +/- 2.6% to 10.9 +/- 1.82% (-8.6 +/- 7.2%) in the Glucotard group. @entity165 was reduced from 269 +/- 28 mg/100 ml on day 0 to 227 +/- 18 mg/100 ml on day 90 in the @entity31208 group and from 261 +/- 40 to 235 +/- 26 mg/100 ml in the Glucotard group. Both @entity31208 and Glucotard had little effect on plasma @entity1674 . Fewer unpleasant side effects were reported for the @entity31208 preparation than for Glucotard.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Influence of two guar preparations on glycosylated hemoglobin, total XXXX and @entity1674 in @entity1 with @entity6 .

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['Cholesterol', 'cholesterol']

answer: @entity165 :: (MESH:D002784,Chemical) :: ['cholesterol']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Only few studies investigated the effectiveness of psychotherapy in @entity64 ( @entity64 ). The aim of this feasibility study was to compare interpersonal psychotherapy, pharmacotherapy, and their combination regarding @entity308 and rehabilitation outcome. @entity1 AND METHODS: @entity64 was found in 35% of 485 @entity64 @entity1 examined. Seventy-four @entity64 @entity1 were randomised to one of three treatment conditions. Severity of @entity308 was measured by the Hamilton @entity308 Rating Scale and the Hospital Anxiety and @entity308 Scale. The Barthel Index and a questionnaire for health-related quality of life were used as measurements of rehabilitation outcome. RESULTS: There were no significant differences between the three groups in @entity1 mood or rehabilitation outcome. Concerning the severity of @entity308 , quality of life, and social support, all @entity1 showed benefits from antidepressive treatment. In addition a correlation was found between rehabilitation outcome and @entity308 . CONCLUSION: In this feasibility study all antidepressive treatments were successfully implemented in the rehabilitation of post- @entity64 depressed @entity1 . Combination therapy (interpersonal psychotherapy plus medication) was as effective as one of those elements alone. Because of the small sample size however, further randomized trials are required.

title: [Interpersonal psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy for XXXX . Feasibility and effectiveness].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['post-stroke depression', 'stroke', 'Post-stroke depression', 'PSD']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression', 'depression']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['post-stroke depression']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1085 is an epithelial proliferation and @entity1184 of the muscularis mucosae of the gallbladder. @entity26128 are a characteristic of this condition. The segmental adenomyomatosis has a higher risk of developing into @entity1086 , especially in the fundal region of elderly @entity1 .We report the case of a @entity1 affected by chronic @entity2679 with diffuse adenomyomatosis associated with @entity652 . CASE PRESENTATION: An 81-year-old @entity1 presented at our hospital with a 1-year history of intermittent @entity158 localized at the right upper abdominal quadrant, without diffusion to any other body part. On physical examination the abdomen was soft, not distended, and tender to palpation in the right upper quadrant. Murphy sign was negative. Laboratory tests were normal. The @entity1 was scheduled for a laparoscopic cholecystectomy, and neither endoscopic ultrasonographic scan nor magnetic resonance imaging was performed. The operation, performed after obtaining informed consent, was uncomplicated and the intra-operative pathological examination showed no @entity5 . The definitive pathological examination of the gallbladder showed: multiple stones of @entity165 origin; @entity33 ; and a 1.1 cm pedunculated mass localized at the fundus, whose surface was lumpy. This mass was diagnosed as an @entity652 with multiple areas of severe @entity1141 . CONCLUSIONS: The @entity652 , together with the @entity1141 , represents a biological carcinogenetic model. @entity189 has rarely been reported in adenomyomatosis. Degenerative risk suggests surgery should be mandatory when there is a concomitant presence of large @entity652 and adenomyomatosis.

title: An unusual association of diffuse adenomyomatosis with @entity652 in chronic XXXX : case presentation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['dysplastic adenoma', 'adenoma of the gallbladder', 'adenoma']

entities_list: @entity1085 :: ('MESH:D005705', 'Disease') :: ['Gallbladder adenomyomatosis']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy']

entities_list: @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['diffuse mucosal adenomyomatosis']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['Carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity2679 :: ('MESH:D002764', 'Disease') :: ['calculous cholecystitis']

entities_list: @entity1086 :: ('MESH:D005706', 'Disease') :: ['gallbladder carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity26128 :: ('MESH:C535869', 'Disease') :: ['Rokitansky-Aschoff sinuses']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity2679 :: (MESH:D002764,Disease) :: ['calculous cholecystitis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To establish the prevalence of @entity146 their determinants, and their association with preventive health care use among @entity1 in one rural and one urban province in northern Viet @entity9505 . METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional survey of cohorts of pregnant @entity1 and mothers of @entity1 recruited systematically in 10 randomly-selected communes. The @entity1 participated in psychiatrist-administered structured clinical interviews and separate structured interviews to assess sociodemographic factors, reproductive health, the intimate partner relationship, family violence and the use of preventive and @entity146 health care. Associations between these variables and perinatal @entity146 were explored through univariate analyses and multivariable logistic regression. FINDINGS: Among @entity1 eligible for the study (392), 364 (93%) were recruited. Of these, 29.9% (95% confidence interval, CI: 25.20-34.70) were diagnosed with a @entity146 ( @entity146 ). The frequency of such disorders during pregnancy and in the postpartum period was the same. Their prevalence was higher among @entity1 in rural provinces (odds ratio, OR: 2.17; 95% CI: 1.19-3.93); exposed to intimate partner violence (OR: 2.11; 95% CI: 1.12-3.96); fearful of other family members (OR: 3.36; 95% CI: 1.05-10.71) or exposed to coincidental life adversity (OR: 4.40; 95% CI: 2.44-7.93). Fewer @entity1 with a @entity146 used @entity68 supplements than @entity1 without a @entity146 , but the results were not statistically significant (P   =   0.05). None of the @entity1 studied had ever received mental health care. CONCLUSION: Perinatal @entity308 and @entity148 are prevalent in @entity1 in northern Viet @entity9505 . These conditions are predominantly determined by social factors, including rural residence, poverty and exposure to family violence. At present the needs of @entity1 with @entity146 are unrecognized and not attended to and their participation in essential antenatal preventive care appears to be compromised.

title: Common perinatal XXXX in northern Viet @entity9505 : community prevalence and health care use.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['mental disorders', 'psychiatric', 'CPMD', 'common perinatal mental disorders', 'common perinatal mental disorder']

answer: @entity146 :: (MESH:D001523,Disease) :: ['mental disorders']


abstract: MnO nanoparticles have been tested to engineer a delayed increase in MRI T(1) relaxivity caused by cellular uptake via endocytosis into acidic compartments. Various coatings on core-shell structured MnO nanoparticles were tested for those that had the lowest T(1) relaxivity at pH 7.4, a pH where MnO does not dissolve into @entity3281 ions. The rate of dissolution and release of @entity3281 of the different coated MnO particles as well as changes in T(1) relaxivity were measured at pH 5, a pH routinely obtained in the endosomal-lysosomal pathway. Of a number of coatings, @entity3440 coated MnO (MnO@ @entity3758 ) had the lowest relaxivity at pH 7.4 (0.29 mm(-1) sec(-1)). About one third of the MnO dissolved within 20 min and the T(1) relaxivity increased to that of free @entity3281 (6.10 mm(-1) sec(-1)) after three days at pH 5. MRI of MnO@ @entity3758 particles injected into the @entity35 brain showed time-dependent signal changes consistent with the in vitro rates. Thalamocortical tract-tracing could be observed due to the released @entity3281 . Intravenous infusion of MnO@ @entity3758 particles showed little enhancement in any tissue except gallbladder. The gallbladder enhancement was interpreted to be due to endocytosis by liver cells and excretion of @entity3281 ions into the gallbladder. The MnO@ @entity3758 core-shell nanoparticles show the best potential for delaying the release of MRI contrast until endocytosis into low pH compartments activate MRI contrast. The delayed enhancement may have benefits for targeting MRI contrast to specific cells and surface receptors that are known to be recycled by endocytosis.

title: The use of XXXX coated MnO nanoparticles to control MRI relaxivity in response to specific physiological changes.

answer: @entity3440 :: (MESH:D012822,Chemical) :: ['silica']


abstract: We investigated the effect of pH reduction on @entity26082 -accumulating organisms (PAOs) and glycogen-accumulating organisms (GAOs) in the enhanced biological @entity3151 removal (EBPR) process. Three laboratory-scale EBPR reactors were used. Initially, the reactors were operated at pH 7.9  0.1 and 6.5  0.1, and after 27 days, the pH was lowered to 6.5  0.1 and 6.0  0.1, respectively. PAOs and GAOs were monitored using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and/or fluorescent in situ hybridization. @entity3151 removal performance was also monitored. During the start-up period, high EBPR activity and increases in @entity26083 ' (Accumulibacter) and @entity26083 'Competibacter phosphatis' (Competibacter) were observed. In all runs, Accumulibacter and Competibacter were the dominant PAO and GAO, respectively. Accumulibacter began to decline 10-18 days after lowering the pH to 6.5  0.1. After lowering the pH to 6.0  0.1, the Accumulibacter population decreased immediately. Contrastingly, an obvious adverse effect of pH reduction on Competibacter was not observed. In all runs, EBPR activity began to deteriorate 6-12 days after Accumulibacter decline began. Thus, our results show that pH reduction had an immediate or delayed effect on Accumulibacter decline. Moreover, the time lag between the start of Accumulibacter decline and that of @entity26084 implies that @entity26084 by pH reduction went through unknown process.

title: Effect of pH reduction on XXXX - and glycogen-accumulating organisms in enhanced biological @entity3151 removal processes.

entities_list: @entity3151 :: ('MESH:D010758', 'Chemical') :: ['Phosphorus', 'phosphorus']

entities_list: @entity26084 :: ('MESH:D010760', 'Disease') :: ['EBPR deterioration']

entities_list: @entity26082 :: ('CHEBI:16838', 'Chemical') :: ['polyphosphate']

entities_list: @entity26083 :: ('327160', 'Species') :: ['Candidatus', "Candidatus 'Accumulibacter phosphatis"]

answer: @entity26082 :: (CHEBI:16838,Chemical) :: ['polyphosphate']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Disruption of the @entity2533 ( @entity2533 ) signaling pathway is observed in many @entity5 , including @entity5 , resulting in @entity2533 resistance. While normal @entity1 keratinocytes (HKc) and @entity1799 -immortalized HKc (HKc/ @entity1799 ) are sensitive to the growth inhibitory effects of @entity2533 , HKc/ @entity1799 develop resistance to @entity2533 as they progress in vitro to a differentiation resistant phenotype (HKc/DR). The loss of sensitivity to the antiproliferative effects of @entity2533 in HKc/DR is due, at least partially, to decreased expression of the @entity2533 receptor type I. In the present study, we explored in detail whether alterations in Smad protein levels, Smad phosphorylation, or nuclear localization of Smads in response to @entity2533 could contribute to the development of @entity2533 resistance during in vitro progression of HKc/ @entity1799 , and whether @entity2533 induction of a Smad-responsive reporter gene was altered in HKc/DR. METHODS: Western blot analysis was used to assess Smad protein levels. In order to study Smad nuclear localization we performed indirect immunofluorescence. In addition, we determined Smad-mediated @entity2533 signaling using a luciferase reporter construct. RESULTS: We did not find a decrease in protein levels of @entity2536 , @entity7379 or @entity1594 , or an increase in the inhibitory @entity8110 that paralleled the loss of sensitivity to the growth inhibitory effects of @entity2533 observed in HKc/DR. However, we found diminished @entity2536 phosphorylation, and delayed nuclear @entity7379 localization in response to @entity2533 in HKc/DR, compared to normal HKc and @entity2533 sensitive HKc/ @entity1799 . In addition, we determined that @entity2533 induction of a Smad responsive promoter is reduced by about 50% in HKc/DR, compared to HKc/ @entity1799 . CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate that alterations in Smad protein levels are not associated with the loss of response to the antiproliferative effects of @entity2533 in HKc/DR, but that diminished and delayed Smad phosphorylation and nuclear localization, and decreased Smad signaling occur in response to @entity2533 in HKc/DR.

title: Partial loss of Smad signaling during in vitro progression of @entity1799 -immortalized XXXX keratinocytes.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'cervical cancer']

entities_list: @entity2533 :: ('7040', 'Gene') :: ['TGF-b', 'TGF-b1', 'transforming growth factor-beta']

entities_list: @entity1799 :: ('333760', 'Species') :: ['HPV16', 'human papillomavirus type 16']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity884 affecting the aortic valve, with @entity733 formation and root destruction, remains a challenge to treat. Aortic root homografts have been advocated because of a perceived lower risk of infective complications than with other root replacement grafts. However, the theoretical advantage of homografts has not been re-evaluated in the modern era. This report is based on an examination of our results for all aortic root replacements in complex, @entity3457 affecting the aortic valve. METHODS: From 2000 to 2010, 134 @entity1 (70.9% male; mean age 58.3  14.8 years) at our institution underwent aortic root replacement for @entity3457 . Ninety of the @entity1 (67.2%) had a previously implanted prosthetic aortic valve. Our findings for these @entity1 included one or more of the following: @entity733 (n=110, 82.1%), @entity340 (n=98, 73.1%), and @entity2849 or @entity397 or both (n=62, 46.3%). We retrospectively reviewed data for the @entity1 from hospital records and the social security data base. RESULTS: A mechanical composite graft (MC) was used in 43 of the @entity1 (32.1%), a non-homograft biologic valve conduit (BC) in 55 @entity1 (41.0%), and a homograft (HG) valve in 36 @entity1 (26.9%). There was no significant difference among the groups in the incidence of major complications or in-hospital mortality. During a mean follow-up of 32.1  29.4 months, the rates of readmission, reinfection, and reoperation were similar for the three groups. The mean 5-year survival in the study was 58  9% for the MC group, 62  7% for the BC group, and 58    9% for the HG group, respectively (p=0.48). CONCLUSIONS: Aortic root replacement in the presence of complex active @entity281 is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. We report that the rates of major complications and late mortality were similar among MC, BC, and HG groups in our study.

title: Graft selection for aortic root replacement in complex XXXX : does it matter?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity340 :: ('MESH:D006349', 'Disease') :: ['valve vegetation']

entities_list: @entity3457 :: ('OMIM:612348', 'Disease') :: ['active endocarditis']

entities_list: @entity2849 :: ('MESH:D017541', 'Disease') :: ['pseudoaneurysm']

entities_list: @entity884 :: ('MESH:D004696', 'Disease') :: ['Endocarditis']

answer: @entity3457 :: (OMIM:612348,Disease) :: ['active endocarditis']


abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in scavenging enzymes activities of reactive @entity26 species (ROS) in experimental @entity1310 and @entity3450 . Anti- @entity1310 was induced in @entity35 by injecting 0.75 ml of the anti- @entity11 serum. Intrarenal SOD-like activity in nephritic @entity35 was significantly decreased from the 5th day after i.v. injection of antiserum to the 10th day. Although @entity12609 and @entity2041 peroxidase activities in nephritic @entity35 were increased on 3hr to 6hr after i.v. injection of antiserum, the both activities were gradually decreased on 24hr onward. The decrease in ROS scavenging enzymes activities paralleled with the urinary protein excretion and the elevation of plasma lipid @entity2625 . Moreover, @entity12609 , administered (4,600 U/hr) by osmotic minipump prevented the urinary protein excretion by about 60%. In accelerated passive @entity8157 and @entity8424 @entity3450 in @entity35 , the activities of scavenging enzymes decreased in the course of experimental periods. It was concluded that the scavenging enzymes activities of ROS increased at beginning of heterologous phase and decreased at the end of this phase in anti- @entity1310 , and the activities in the other models of experimental @entity1310 also decreased during experimental periods.

title: [Changes in intra-renal scavenging enzymes activities of the reactive @entity26 species in experimental glomerulonephritis and @entity3450 in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1310 :: ('MESH:D009393', 'Disease') :: ['GBM nephritis', 'nephritis']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity2625 :: ('CHEBI:44785', 'Chemical') :: ['peroxide']

entities_list: @entity2041 :: ('MESH:D005978', 'Chemical') :: ['glutathione']

entities_list: @entity3450 :: ('MESH:D009401', 'Disease') :: ['nephrosis']

entities_list: @entity8424 :: ('MESH:D011692', 'Chemical') :: ['puromycin aminonucleoside']

entities_list: @entity8157 :: ('MESH:D015433', 'Disease') :: ['Heymann nephritis']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: Cerebral salt wasting is an increasingly recognized condition in pediatrics and is characterized by inappropriate natriuresis and volume contraction in the presence of cerebral pathology. Diagnosis can be difficult and therapy challenging. A few single case reports of the successful use of @entity7842 exist. We report 4 @entity1 with cerebral salt wasting, all of whom presented with @entity2753 in the presence of known intracerebral pathology. All had clinically significant @entity2753 , and 3 had hyponatremic seizures. Two of the @entity1 also satisfied clinical criteria for @entity2010 . They all were treated with regimens using increased @entity1372 and fluid administration but experienced ongoing salt wasting. @entity7842 was instituted in all 4 @entity1 and in 3 resulted in rapid improvement in net @entity1372 balance, enabling the weaning of hypertonic fluids and stabilization of serum electrolytes. In 3 @entity1 , @entity7842 treatment was complicated by @entity1371 , and in 1 @entity1 by @entity101 , which necessitated a dose reduction or brief cessation of therapy. Duration of therapy was 4 to 125 days. Cerebral salt wasting presents considerable management challenges; however, @entity7842 therapy can be an effective adjunct to treatment.

title: XXXX therapy in cerebral salt wasting.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity1371 :: ('MESH:D007008', 'Disease') :: ['hypokalemia']

entities_list: @entity7842 :: ('MESH:D005438', 'Chemical') :: ['fludrocortisone', 'Fludrocortisone']

entities_list: @entity2753 :: ('MESH:D007010', 'Disease') :: ['hyponatremia']

entities_list: @entity2010 :: ('MESH:D003919', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes insipidus']

answer: @entity7842 :: (MESH:D005438,Chemical) :: ['Fludrocortisone']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Denmark experienced three waves of the new pandemic @entity683 (H1N1)pdm09 from July 2009 to February 2011. The aim of the study was to describe the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of hospitalized @entity1 in a defined population of North Denmark Region with a mixed urban and rural community of 579,000 inhabitants. METHODS: Review of medical records of all hospitalized @entity1 with confirmed @entity683 from July 2009 to February 2011. RESULTS: Two hundred and seventy-three @entity1 were admitted to hospital. The age-related population incidences of hospitalization were as follows: 0-14 years: 111/100,000, 15-64 years: 39/100,000, and >=  65 years: 17/100,000. During the first wave (July 2009-August 2009), three @entity1 were admitted - none received treatment in intensive care units (ICUs), during the second wave (October 2009-January 2010), 158 @entity1 were admitted - nine received treatment in ICUs, and during the third wave (December 2010-February 2011), 112 @entity1 were admitted - 25 received treatment in ICUs. Fourteen @entity1 (5%) died within 30 days of diagnosis (median 55 years; range 14-76 years) and additional seven @entity1 (2.6%) died within 365 days (median 25 years; range 1-86 years). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 hospitalized with pandemic @entity683 (H1N1)pdm09 were predominantly @entity1 and younger adults, and only a few @entity1 were >65 years. The third wave was the most severe taking the number and percentage of @entity1 admitted to ICUs and 30-day mortality into consideration. We observed that the incidence of hospitalizations as well as clinical severity among younger adults did not decline from the second to the third wave.

title: The first, second and third wave of pandemic XXXX (H1N1)pdm09 in North Denmark Region 2009-2011: a population-based study of hospitalizations.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'children', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity683 :: ('MESH:D007251', 'Disease') :: ['influenza A']

answer: @entity683 :: (MESH:D007251,Disease) :: ['influenza A']


abstract: A 76-year-old @entity1 was admitted to our hospital because of increasing size of lung nodules, while he was under observation for @entity5636 at another hospital. As the result of bronchoscopic biopsy, it was confirmed that they were silicotic nodules. However, he was hospitalized again about one month later due to @entity5229 . The pneumothorax improved immediately by persistent drainage of the thoracic cavity, but he developed a fever on day 9, and ground-glass opacities in both lungs also became exacerbated in spite of our administration of antibiotics. In addition, the level of MPO-ANCA increased markedly and multiple 3-10mm sized purpurae was seen on the right thigh on day 29. Skin biopsy specimens revealed infiltration of histiocytes and lymphocytes around medium-sized vessels in lower dermis. We diagnosed @entity6129 , then treated with @entity134 and immunosuppressive therapy. Fever and radiological findings improved significantly from the day after initiation of @entity134 administration. The @entity1 was discharged on day 92 because of the improvement of his @entity1576 . We report a case of @entity6129 with @entity5636 , which markedly improved by @entity134 and immunosuppressive therapy.

title: [A case of @entity6129 with XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity5229 :: ('MESH:D011030', 'Disease') :: ['left spontaneous pneumothorax']

entities_list: @entity5636 :: ('MESH:D012829', 'Disease') :: ['silicosis']

entities_list: @entity6129 :: ('MESH:D055953', 'Disease') :: ['microscopic polyangiitis']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory condition']

answer: @entity5636 :: (MESH:D012829,Disease) :: ['silicosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Accurate risk (penetrance) estimates for associated phenotypes in carriers of a major disease gene are important for genetic counselling of at-risk individuals. Population-specific estimates of penetrance are often needed as well. Families ascertained from high-risk disease clinics provide substantial data to estimate penetrance of a disease gene, but these estimates must be adjusted for possible specific sources of bias. METHODS: A cohort of 12 independently ascertained HNPCC families harbouring a founder @entity4311 mutation was identified from a @entity5 genetics clinic in St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada. Carrier status was known for 247 family members but phenotype information on up to 85 additional relatives with unknown carrier status was available; using modified segregation models these additional individuals could be included in the analyses. Three HNPCC-related phenotypes were evaluated as age at diagnosis of: any @entity5 (first @entity5 ), @entity14 ( @entity14 ), and @entity1204 ( @entity1204 ) for females. RESULTS: Lifetime (age 70) risk estimates for male and female carriers were similar for developing any @entity5 (Males = 98.2%, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = (93.8%, 99.9%); Females = 92.8%, 95% CI = (82.4%, 99.1%)) but female carriers experienced substantially reduced lifetime risk for developing @entity14 compared to male carriers (Females = 38.9%, 95% CI = (24.2%, 62.1%); Males = 84.5%, 95% CI = (67.3%, 91.3%)). Female non-carriers had very low lifetime risk for these two outcomes while male non-carriers had lifetime risks intermediate to the female carriers and non-carriers. Female carriers had a lifetime risk of developing @entity1204 of 82.4%. Relative risks for developing any @entity5 (carriers relative to non-carriers) were substantially greater for females compared to their male counterparts (Females = 54.8, 95%CI = (4.4, 379.8); Males = 9.7, 95% CI = (0.3, 23.8)). Relative risks for developing @entity14 at age 70 were substantially greater for females compared to their male counterparts (Females = 23.7, 95%CI = (5.6, 137.9); Males = 6.8%, 95% CI = (2.3, 66.2)). However, the risk of developing @entity14 decreased with age among both genders. CONCLUSION: The proposed modified segregation-based models used to estimate age-specific risks for HNPCC phenotypes can reduce bias due to ascertainment and missing genotype information as well as provide estimates of absolute and relative risks.

title: Penetrance of XXXX in a retrolective cohort of 12 large Newfoundland families carrying a @entity4311 founder mutation: an evaluation using modified segregation models.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['HNPCC cancer', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['CRC', 'colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity1204 :: ('MESH:D016889', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial cancer', 'EC']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['HNPCC-related cancers']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Prenatal @entity619 ( @entity9170 ) treatment in @entity774 ( @entity774 ) is effective in reducing virilization in affected @entity1 , but other lasting effects are largely unknown. Here, we explore potential side effects of the treatment that will eventually help to make risk benefit analyses of the treatment. Therefore, we investigated the long-term effects of such prenatal @entity9170 treatment on @entity146 and temperament in @entity1 aged 7-17years. Standardized parent-completed questionnaires were used to evaluate adaptive functioning, @entity146 (using CBCL), social @entity148 (SPAI-C-P), and temperament (EAS). Self-reports were used to assess the @entity1 's own perception of social @entity148 (SASC-R). The study compared 34 @entity9170 -treated @entity1 and adolescents who were treated during the first trimester of fetal life and do not have @entity774 with 66 untreated controls from the Swedish population. No statistically significant differences were found between groups, suggesting that healthy @entity1 who were treated with @entity9170 during early fetal life seem to be well adjusted without major @entity146 as assessed by their parents. Moreover, self-reported social @entity148 was not increased in @entity9170 -exposed @entity1 and adolescents. In fact, the control group scored higher on items assessing @entity148 in new, social situations. Nevertheless, for some of these comparisons, non-significant moderate to large effect sizes were observed, implying that the null findings should be interpreted with caution and require studies on larger, internationally combined cohorts.

title: Evaluation of @entity146 after prenatal @entity619 treatment in Swedish adolescents at risk of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'girls']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['behavioral problems', 'behavioral and emotional problems', 'behavioral or emotional problems']

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['dexamethasone']

entities_list: @entity774 :: ('MESH:D000312', 'Disease') :: ['congenital adrenal hyperplasia', 'CAH']

answer: @entity774 :: (MESH:D000312,Disease) :: ['CAH']


abstract: @entity191 resting @entity400 has been linked to pathophysiological changes both in the basal ganglia and in a cerebello-thalamo-cortical motor loop, but the role of those circuits in initiating and maintaining @entity400 remains unclear. Here, we test whether and how the cerebello-thalamo-cortical loop is driven into a @entity400 -related state by virtue of its connectivity with the basal ganglia. An internal replication design on two independent cohorts of @entity400 -dominant @entity304 @entity1 sampled brain activity and @entity400 with concurrent EMG-fMRI. Using dynamic causal modeling, we tested: (1) whether activity at the onset of @entity400 episodes drives tremulous network activity through the basal ganglia or the cerebello-thalamo-cortical loop and (2) whether the basal ganglia influence the cerebello-thalamo-cortical loop through connectivity with the cerebellum or motor cortex. We compared five physiologically plausible circuits, model families in which transient activity at the onset of @entity400 episodes (assessed using EMG) drove network activity through the internal globus pallidus (GPi), external globus pallidus, motor cortex, thalamus, or cerebellum. In each family, we compared two models in which the basal ganglia and cerebello-thalamo-cortical loop were connected through the cerebellum or motor cortex. In both cohorts, cerebral activity associated with changes in @entity400 amplitude (using peripheral EMG measures as a proxy for @entity400 -related neuronal activity) drove network activity through the GPi, which effectively influenced the cerebello-thalamo-cortical loop through the motor cortex. We conclude that cerebral activity related to @entity191 first arises in the GPi and is then propagated to the cerebello-thalamo-cortical circuit. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: @entity191 resting @entity400 has been linked to pathophysiological changes both in the basal ganglia and in a cerebello-thalamo-cortical motor loop, but the role of those circuits in initiating and maintaining @entity400 remains unclear. Using dynamic causal modeling of concurrently collected EMG-fMRI data in two cohorts of @entity191 @entity1 , we showed that cerebral activity associated with changes in @entity400 amplitude drives network activity through the basal ganglia. Furthermore, the basal ganglia effectively influenced the cerebello-thalamo-cortical circuit through the motor cortex (but not the cerebellum). Out findings suggest that @entity191 first arises in the basal ganglia and is then propagated to the cerebello-thalamo-cortical circuit.

title: The Cerebral Network of XXXX : An Effective Connectivity fMRI Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity304 :: ('MESH:D010302', 'Disease') :: ['Parkinson']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's tremor-related activity", "Parkinson's tremor", "Parkinson's"]

answer: @entity191 :: (MESH:D010300,Disease) :: ['Parkinson's Tremor']


abstract: PURPOSE: Additional surgery is commonly recommended in @entity356 @entity1 who have a high risk of lymph node @entity3 or a positive resection margin after endoscopic resection. We conducted this study to determine factors related to @entity5 and to determine the appropriate treatment strategy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 28 @entity1 who underwent curative gastrectomy due to non-curative endoscopic resection for early @entity356 between January 2006 and June 2009 were enrolled in this study. Their clinicopathological findings were reviewed retrospectively and analyzed for @entity5 . RESULTS: Of the 28 @entity1 , surgical specimens showed @entity5 in eight cases (28.6%) and lymph node @entity3 in one case (3.8%). Based on results of the endoscopic resection method, the rate of @entity5 was significantly different between the en-bloc resection group (17.4%) and the piecemeal resection group (80.0%). The rate of @entity5 was significantly different between the diffuse type group (100%) and the intestinal type group (20%). The rate of @entity5 in the positive lateral margin group (25.0%) was significantly lower than that in the positive vertical margin group (33.3%) or in the positive lateral and vertical margin group (66.7%). CONCLUSIONS: We recommended that @entity1 who were lateral and vertical margin positive, had a diffuse type, or underwent piecemeal endoscopic resection, should be treated by surgery. Minimal invasive procedures can be considered for @entity1 who were lateral margin positive and intestinal type through histopathological examination after en-bloc endoscopic resection.

title: Is Surgical Treatment Necessary after Non-curative Endoscopic Resection for Early XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['residual cancer', 'residual cancers']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['Gastric Cancer']


abstract: @entity2347 generally consists of the following histologic features: tubular, cribriform, trabecular, and solid. To investigate how these histological patterns affect the prognosis of this @entity189 , we determined the proliferative activity of each of the histologic patterns by cytofluorometry. Twenty-six cases of @entity2347 , obtained by surgical resection, were studied. According to predominant histological pattern, they were divided into three groups: seven cases were of cribriform pattern, nine cases of trabecular pattern, and ten cases of solid pattern. The region with each dominant pattern was obtained from biopsy specimen, and the nuclear DNA contents of the @entity5 cells of the regions were assayed. In four of twenty-six cases, that of the @entity5 cells of the region with other patterns in the same specimens were also assayed. The results were the following: 1) The mean incidence of over 4.5C-polyploid cells of the region with predominant pattern of each @entity5 significantly increased in the following order: cribriform pattern and solid pattern. 2) The incidence of over 4.5C-polyploid cells, in comparison of a predominant pattern with other histologic patterns in the same @entity5 , were calculated. It was higher in solid pattern than in trabecular pattern, and was higher in trabecular pattern than cribriform pattern. 3) Only two of ten cases, had @entity2007 in the region with predominant solid pattern and the other cases had diploid stem line. Judging from the above results, it was concluded that proliferative activity of each pattern increased in the following order: cribriform pattern, trabecular pattern, solid pattern.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [A comparative study on proliferative activity in different histological patterns of XXXX --from a viewpoint of nuclear DNA contents].

entities_list: @entity2347 :: ('MESH:D003528', 'Disease') :: ['adenoid cystic carcinoma', 'Adenoid cystic carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity2007 :: ('MESH:D000782', 'Disease') :: ['aneuploidy']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

answer: @entity2347 :: (MESH:D003528,Disease) :: ['adenoid cystic carcinoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: to examine the associations of two common @entity1851 gene polymorphisms with @entity1851 levels, frailty and co-morbidity in an elderly Chinese population. DESIGN: a population-based cohort study. SETTING AND @entity1 : we obtained data on 1,723 elderly @entity1 aged 70-84 from the ageing arm of the Rugao Longevity and Ageing study (RuLAS), a population-based observational cohort study conducted in Rugao, Jiangsu province, China. MEASUREMENTS: the genotyping of two common @entity1851 gene polymorphisms ( @entity19502 and @entity34368 ) was performed. Items concerning the frailty index and co-morbidity were collected. RESULTS: the mean age of the study population was 75.3    3.9 years, and 53.5% (n= 922) were @entity1 . The minor allele frequencies of @entity19502 and @entity34368 were 42.4% (C allele) and 16.9% (C allele), respectively. The polymorphisms @entity19502 and @entity34368 were significantly associated with @entity1851 levels (b= 0.113 and 0.222, allP< 0.001). Non-significant association between @entity19502 and @entity34368 and frailty, as well as between @entity34368 and co-morbidity was observed. However, SNP @entity19502 CC genotype had an increased odds of co-morbidity compared with the TT genotype (odds ratio (OR):1.53; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.16-2.02). Each additional copy of the C allele of SNP @entity19502 was associated with 1.23 times (95% CI: 1.07-1.41) odds of co-morbidity. The significance remained after controlling for covariates such as education level, etc. CONCLUSIONS: among elderly Chinese individuals, two @entity1851 gene polymorphisms were significantly associated with @entity1851 levels. However, none of them was associated with frailty. The preliminary findings warrant further validations.

title: Association of @entity1851 gene polymorphisms with XXXX levels, frailty and co-morbidity in an elderly Chinese population: results from RuLAS.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'PARTICIPANTS']

answer: @entity1851 :: (1401,Gene) :: ['CRP']


abstract: A deletion/insertion (Del/Ins) polymorphism of 28 base pairs (bp) in the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of @entity2002 alpha gene ( @entity22802 ) was associated with @entity1031 , but the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Computational predication reveals that the 28 bp polymorphic fragment is complementary to the sequence of a microRNA, @entity26948 . In this study, we aim to investigate the association and implicated mechanisms between @entity22802 polymorphisms and the susceptibility to @entity120 ( @entity120 ). The Del/Ins polymorphism was analyzed in 190 @entity1 with @entity120 and 628 controls. The @entity22802 3'UTR and @entity26948 interaction was investigated using luciferase assay and quantitative RT-PCR method. Expression of @entity26948 and @entity22802 in @entity1 tissues was investigated by RT-PCR. The results reveal that the allele frequency of Ins was significantly higher in the @entity1 than in the controls (55.8 vs. 47.1%, P=0.003, odds ratio=1.42, 95% confidence interval: 1.13-1.79). Both @entity26948 and @entity22802 were expressed in @entity1 liver. Co-transfection of @entity26948 decreased the expression and mRNA stability of reporter gene containing the @entity22802 3'UTR. The effect of @entity26948 was stronger on the Ins allele than on the Del allele. These observations suggest that the expression of @entity22802 was regulated by @entity26948 through its interaction at the polymorphic 3'UTR sequence, which was associated with the susceptibility to @entity120 .

title: Susceptibility to @entity120 may be conferred by @entity26948 via its targeted interaction with polymorphic XXXX alpha gene.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity120 :: ('MESH:D006976', 'Disease') :: ['chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension', 'CTEPH']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['thromboembolic diseases']

answer: @entity2002 :: (2244,Gene) :: ['fibrinogen']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Saint Louis @entity198 is transmitted by Culex mosquitoes. In Argentina sporadic cases are registered. Symptomatic illness is unusual in @entity1 . We present a case of @entity5422 caused by an uncommon @entity1800 . The clinical signs and symptoms are unusual for pediatric @entity1 and the bilateral thalamic compromise showed on magnetic resonance has not been described previously. An 8-year-old @entity1 consulted due to fever, @entity146 and @entity2055 . Clonus and neck stiffness were detected at physical exam. Cerebrospinal fluid revealed mononuclear leukocytosis; bilateral ischemic compromise was observed in thalamus by magnetic resonance. Saint Louis virus was confirmed by serology: serum and cerebrospinal fluid IgM were positive during the acute phase of the disease and serum IgG was positive four weeks later. Most of the signs and symptoms of the disease were resolved, however mild @entity146 were observed as acute sequelae up to 45 days after hospital discharge.

title: [Saint Louis XXXX : case report].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'girl', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity198 :: ('MESH:D004660', 'Disease') :: ['encephalitis']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['behavior disorders']

entities_list: @entity5422 :: ('MESH:D008590', 'Disease') :: ['meningoencephalitis']

entities_list: @entity1800 :: ('MESH:D014777', 'Disease') :: ['viral infection']

answer: @entity198 :: (MESH:D004660,Disease) :: ['encephalitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A number of techniques have been described to reattach the @entity924 to the bicipital tuberosity. We report a retrospective analysis of single incision technique using an endobutton fixation in sports @entity1 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present series include nine @entity924 in eight @entity1 , fixed anatomically to the radial tuberosity with an endobutton by using a single incision surgical technique; seven @entity1 had suffered the @entity130 during contact sports. The passage of the endobutton was facilitated by using a blunt tipped pin in order to avoid @entity128 . The @entity1 were evaluated by Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) score and Mayo elbow score. RESULTS: The average age of the @entity1 was 27.35 years (range 21-42 years). Average follow-up was 41.5 months (range 24-102 months). The final average flexion extension arc was 0  -143  , while the average pronation and supination angles were 77   (range 70  -82  ) and 81   (range 78  -85  ), respectively at the last followup. All the @entity1 had a Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) score of 0 and a Mayo elbow score of 100 each. All the seven active sports @entity1 were able to get back to their respective game. There was no nerve @entity1317 . CONCLUSIONS: The surgical procedure used by us is a simple, safe and reproducible technique giving minimal morbidity and better cosmetic results.

title: Repair of the XXXX by endobutton fixation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity924 :: ('MESH:D052256', 'Disease') :: ['torn distal biceps tendon', 'torn distal biceps tendons']

entities_list: @entity128 :: ('MESH:D020209', 'Disease') :: ['injury to the posterior interosseous nerve']

entities_list: @entity1317 :: ('MESH:D057772', 'Disease') :: ['injury or any other complication']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['injuries']

answer: @entity924 :: (MESH:D052256,Disease) :: ['torn distal biceps tendon']


abstract: The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 18 antimicrobial agents against 104 strains of @entity6368 isolated in the Brussels area between January and October 1976 have been measured. The MICs for @entity3397 , @entity869 , @entity115 , @entity7911 , and @entity7265 showed a bimodal distribution. The second modus strains of @entity7265 (MIC = 6.25 microgram/ml) were relatively resistant to @entity3397 (MIC greater than or equal to 0.08 microgram/ml). About 51% of all strains were relatively resistant to @entity3397 , 40.5% to @entity869 (MIC greater than or equal to 0.16 microgram/ml), 46% to @entity115 , and 47.5% to @entity7911 . For @entity7265 and @entity8899 , 25% and 8.5% respectively of all strains were relatively resistant (MIC greater than 3.12 microgram/ml). For @entity7048 all MICs fell into a range of 0.097--3.12 microgram/ml. Resistance to @entity803 , @entity3403 , @entity1214 , @entity2929 , and @entity7912 (MIC greater than or equal to 1 microgram/ml) was found in 9.5%, 7%, 6%, 36.5%, and 71% respectively of all isolates. No strains were resistant to @entity1215 . For @entity2755 and @entity10083 the MICs ranged from 0.39 to 12.5 microgram/ml and from 0.195 to 3.12 microgram/ml respectively. The results for @entity207 , @entity206 , and the combination of @entity207 and @entity206 in a 20:1 ratio are given and discussed. The fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) indices have also been calculated. No beta-lactamase-producing strains were found, and a contingency coefficient C has been determined for all the pairs of antibiotics investigated.

title: In-vitro activity of antimicrobial agents against XXXX in Brussels.

entities_list: @entity7048 :: ('MESH:D002437', 'Chemical') :: ['cefazolin']

entities_list: @entity6368 :: ('485', 'Species') :: ['Neisseria gonorrhoeae']

entities_list: @entity115 :: ('MESH:D000658', 'Chemical') :: ['amoxycillin']

entities_list: @entity1214 :: ('MESH:D008911', 'Chemical') :: ['minocycline']

entities_list: @entity3403 :: ('MESH:D004318', 'Chemical') :: ['doxycycline']

entities_list: @entity7911 :: ('MESH:D002228', 'Chemical') :: ['carbenicillin']

entities_list: @entity2929 :: ('MESH:D004917', 'Chemical') :: ['erythromycin']

entities_list: @entity7912 :: ('MESH:D015572', 'Chemical') :: ['spiramycin']

entities_list: @entity2755 :: ('MESH:D002701', 'Chemical') :: ['chloramphenicol']

entities_list: @entity207 :: ('MESH:D013420', 'Chemical') :: ['sulphamethoxazole']

entities_list: @entity3397 :: ('MESH:D010400', 'Chemical') :: ['penicillin G']

entities_list: @entity1215 :: ('MESH:D012293', 'Chemical') :: ['rifampicin']

entities_list: @entity7265 :: ('MESH:D002506', 'Chemical') :: ['cephalexin']

entities_list: @entity869 :: ('MESH:D000667', 'Chemical') :: ['ampicillin']

entities_list: @entity8899 :: ('MESH:D002509', 'Chemical') :: ['cephaloridine']

entities_list: @entity10083 :: ('MESH:D013839', 'Chemical') :: ['thiamphenicol']

entities_list: @entity803 :: ('MESH:D013752', 'Chemical') :: ['tetracycline']

entities_list: @entity206 :: ('MESH:D014295', 'Chemical') :: ['trimethoprim']

answer: @entity6368 :: (485,Species) :: ['Neisseria gonorrhoeae']


abstract: The responses of @entity1 neocortical neurons to iontophoretic application of excitatory @entity1522 and their modulation by @entity935 (DA) were studied in vitro. Brain slices were obtained from @entity1 undergoing surgery for intractable @entity302 . Application of @entity1024 ( @entity143 ) to the slices induced slow depolarizations accompanied by decreased input conductances and sustained action potentials in cortical neurons. @entity2227 produced rapid depolarizations and firing with few changes in input conductances. @entity14425 also induced depolarization and firing, but input conductances increased during the rising phase of the membrane depolarization. Iontophoretic application of DA alone produced no change in membrane potential or input conductance. However, when DA was applied in conjunction with the excitatory @entity1522 , it produced contrasting effects. With either bath application of DA or when iontophoresis of DA preceded application of @entity143 , the amplitude of the membrane depolarizations and the number of action potentials were increased, whereas the latency of these responses decreased. In contrast, DA decreased the amplitude of the depolarizations and the number of action potentials evoked by @entity2227 or @entity14425 . The fact that DA affects responses to @entity143 and @entity2227 or @entity14425 in opposite directions is of considerable importance to the understanding of cellular mechanisms of neuromodulation and the role of DA in cognitive processing and in @entity302 .

title: Differential modulation by @entity935 of responses evoked by excitatory XXXX in @entity1 cortex.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'human']

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity1024 :: ('CHEBI:31882', 'Chemical') :: ['N-methyl-D-aspartate']

entities_list: @entity2227 :: ('CHEBI:29987', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamate', 'Glutamate']

entities_list: @entity14425 :: ('MESH:D016318', 'Chemical') :: ['quisqualate', 'Quisqualate']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy']

answer: @entity1522 :: (CHEBI:33709,Chemical) :: ['amino acids']


abstract: BACKGROUND: There are ethnic differences in the incidence of @entity1211 . This is the first nationwide study to examine whether there is an association between country of birth in first-generation immigrants and first hospitalisation for @entity49 ( @entity49 ) and @entity1151 ( @entity1151 ), and to study whether a similar association exists in second-generation immigrants. METHODS: The study is a nationwide follow-up study. The study subjects were first- and second-generation immigrants residing in Sweden between January 1, 1964 and December 31, 2007. The reference population comprised first- and second-generation Swedish-born individuals. Standardised incidence ratios (SIRs) for @entity49 and @entity1151 , standardised with regard to age, geographic region of residence, time period, and socioeconomic status, were estimated by sex in first- and second-generation immigrants. RESULTS: First-generation male and/or female immigrants from Greece, Italy, Spain, Finland, Baltic countries, Central Europe, Eastern Europe, Russia, Latin America, @entity233 , Iran, and Iraq had a lower risk of @entity49 and/or @entity1151 than Swedish-born individuals. The lower risk of @entity49 and/or @entity1151 in some first-generation immigrant groups was not replicated in the second generation. However, in certain second-generation immigrant groups, the risk of @entity49 / @entity1151 was similar to that in the corresponding parental groups. CONCLUSIONS: Country of birth affects the risk of @entity49 and @entity1151 in several immigrant groups. Our study indicates that ethnicity-related inherited and acquired @entity1211 risk factors play a role in the aetiology of @entity1211 . Ethnic differences in @entity1031 risk even exist in Caucasian European populations, and may thus be important to consider in genetic studies.

title: Risk of XXXX in first- and second-generation immigrants in Sweden.

entities_list: @entity49 :: ('MESH:D019851', 'Disease') :: ['venous thrombosis', 'VT']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['PE', 'pulmonary embolism']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['thromboembolism']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['venous thromboembolism']

answer: @entity1211 :: (MESH:D054556,Disease) :: ['venous thromboembolism']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity644 is a candidate surrogate end point for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in @entity740 ( @entity740 ). There is a reasonably sound biological basis for this hypothesis, but only preliminary empirical evidence currently exists. METHODS: A systematic review and creation of a @entity1 -level dataset of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in @entity740 that reported changes in @entity644 and assessed progression of @entity8 as defined by dialysis, transplantation, @entity204 , or changes in GFR or @entity1011 were performed. RESULTS: Systematic review. Seventy RCTs met the eligibility criteria; 17 eligible RCTs contained analyses of @entity644 as a predictor of outcomes; 15 RCTs concluded that greater @entity644 was associated with adverse outcomes. A majority were studies of @entity2316 and tested @entity916 -angiotensin system blockade. Definitions of predictor and outcome variables were too variable to conduct a meta-analysis of group data. Database creation. Over 4 years was required to create the @entity1 -level dataset. The final dataset included 34 studies and >   9000 @entity1 with a variety of @entity740 types and interventions. CONCLUSIONS: There are a relatively small number of RCTs designed to rigorously test therapies for @entity8 progression. Current analyses of change in @entity644 as a predictor of @entity740 progression are heterogeneous and incomplete, indicating further evaluation in a pooled individual @entity1 -level database is necessary to advance knowledge in this field.

title: Early change in @entity644 as a surrogate outcome in XXXX progression: a systematic review of previous analyses and creation of a @entity1 -level pooled dataset.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria', 'Proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity2316 :: ('MESH:D003928', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic or hypertensive kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['CKD', 'chronic kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['kidney disease']


abstract: IMPORTANCE: The use of evidence-based medication therapy in @entity1 after @entity583 ( @entity583 ) improves long-term prognosis, yet the current rates of adherence are poor. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether earlier outpatient follow-up after @entity583 is associated with higher rates of medication adherence. DESIGN, SETTING, AND @entity1 : A retrospective analysis was conducted of 20   976 Medicare @entity1 older than 65 years discharged alive after an @entity583 between January 2, 2007, and October 1, 2010, from 461 Acute Coronary Treatment and Intervention Outcomes Network Registry-Get With the Guidelines hospitals in the United States. @entity1 were grouped based on the timing of first follow-up clinic visit within 1 week, 1 to 2 weeks, 2 to 6 weeks, or more than 6 weeks after hospital discharge. Data analysis was conducted from September 26, 2014, to April 22, 2015. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Medication adherence was defined as the proportion of days with more than 80% coverage using Medicare Part D prescription fill records and was examined at 90 days and 1 year after discharge for b-blockers, platelet P2Y12 receptor inhibitors, statins, and @entity7774 -converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers. RESULTS: Among 20   976 Medicare-insured @entity1 discharged alive after acute MI, 10   381 (49.5%) were @entity1 ; mean (SD) age was 75.8 (7.5) years. The median time to the first outpatient follow-up visit after hospital discharge was 14 days (interquartile range, 7-28 days). Overall, the first follow-up clinic visit occurred 1 week or less after discharge in 5542 (26.4%) @entity1 , 1 to 2 weeks in 5246 (25.0%), 2 to 6 weeks in 6830 (32.6%), and more than 6 weeks in 3358 (16.0%) individuals. Rates of medication adherence for secondary prevention therapies ranged from 63.4% to 68.7% at 90 days and 54.4% to 63.5% at 1 year. Compared with @entity1 with follow-up visits within 1 week, those with follow-up in 1 to 2 weeks and 2 to 6 weeks had no significant difference in medication adherence; however, @entity1 with follow-up more than 6 weeks after discharge had lower adherence at both 90 days (56.8%-61.3% vs 64.7%-69.3%; P < .001) and 1 year (49.5%-57.7% vs 55.4%-64.1%; P < .001). @entity1 with delayed follow-up more than 6 weeks were more likely to reside in communities with lower household incomes and educational levels (both P < .001); however, their clinical characteristics were similar to those of @entity1 with earlier follow-up. After adjusting for these differences, delayed follow-up of more than 6 weeks remained associated with lower medication adherence at 90 days (odds ratio [OR], 0.74 [95% CI, 0.70-0.78]) and 1 year (OR, 0.79 [95% CI, 0.73-0.85]) compared with follow-up of 6 weeks or less. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Delayed outpatient follow-up beyond the first 6 weeks after @entity583 is associated with worse short-term and long-term @entity1 medication adherence. These data support the concept that medication adherence is modifiable via improved care transitions.

title: Timing of First Postdischarge Follow-up and Medication Adherence After Acute XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PARTICIPANTS', 'men']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['AMI', 'acute myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity7774 :: ('MESH:D000809', 'Chemical') :: ['angiotensin']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['Myocardial Infarction']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity10 and @entity308 are prevalent among general population. The aim of this study was to determine the associated factors of @entity10 in elderly subjects with emphasis to @entity308 . METHODS: All cohort of elderly individuals of the Amirkola Health Study Project were included. Data regarding several clinical and demographic characteristics were provided via fill in quesstionnaire, interview and clinical examination. Presence and duration as well as severity of @entity10 were collected through an interview based on self-reported data. Diagnosis of @entity308 was confirmed according to standard Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) criteria. In statistical analyses chi-square test with logistic regression analysis was used for association. RESULTS: A total of 832 @entity1 and 667 @entity1 aged >/= 60 years old were studied. @entity10 and @entity308 were diagnosed in 42% and 42.4% respectively. In depressed subjects, @entity10 was significantly higher by OR=3.1(95% CI, 2.5-3.83, P=0.001). Proportions of @entity10 increased by severity of @entity308 with a dose-response pattern of relationship from 53.3% in mild @entity308 to 72.6% in severe @entity308 . The magnitude of OR for @entity10 increased from 2.59 (95% CI, 2.03-3.31) in @entity1 with mild @entity308 to 6.04 (95% CI, 3.54-10.3) in @entity1 with severe @entity308 . After adjustment for all covariates, @entity10 was significantly associated with female gender and back @entity158 as well as with @entity308 with a significant dose-response relationship. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study indicated an independent association between @entity10 and psychological factors in elderly subjects, particularly in @entity1 .

title: Associated factors of XXXX in an unstudied cohort of elderly subjects.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache', 'Headache']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

answer: @entity10 :: (MESH:D006261,Disease) :: ['headache']


abstract: A case is reported of collagenous gastrobulbitis on @entity4143 in a 57-year-old @entity1 with a 6-month history of watery @entity294 . Low serum levels of total proteins and albumin and increased fecal elimination of alpha1-antitrypsin were the only abnormal laboratory test results. Biopsy specimens from the colon, rectum, antrum, fundus, and duodenal bulb showed a thick subepithelial band composed of ultrastructurally normal collagen immunohistochemically negative for collagen IV and laminin. The @entity294 resolved with @entity229 and responded to this treatment after a relapse 6 months later. One year later the @entity1 developed severe alimentary intolerance and secondary weight loss. This symptom also responded to the same treatment. However, the collagen deposition did not disappear in the second biopsy samples of @entity356 . Only six cases have been previously reported with gastric and/or duodenal subepithelial collagenous deposition. Four were associated with @entity4143 . One of these presented a subepithelial collagenous band in the terminal ileum. All these features suggest that this collagen deposition may affect the entire digestive tract with variable intensity, extension, and symptoms.

title: Collagenous gastrobulbitis and XXXX . Case report and review of the literature.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity4143 :: ('MESH:D046729', 'Disease') :: ['collagenous colitis']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['colonic and gastric mucosa']

answer: @entity4143 :: (MESH:D046729,Disease) :: ['collagenous colitis']


abstract: This retrospective survey of the EBMT @entity1778 Working Party describes 78 @entity1 with @entity2590 ( @entity2590 ) or secondary @entity3052 (sAML) who received an allogeneic bone marrow transplant (BMT). The status of underlying disease at the time of transplantation was prognostic for the 2-year disease-free survival. Thirty-four @entity1 received intensive chemotherapy prior to the conditioning for BMT. The 2-year disease-free survival was 60% for the 16 @entity1 transplanted in complete remission. The results were significantly less favourable for those with more @entity1442 who only partially responded to prior intensive chemotherapy (2-year disease-free survival: 18%) while none of those who either relapsed or were resistant to chemotherapy survived BMT for 2 years. Forty-four @entity1 had not received any prior intensive chemotherapy. The disease-free survival at 2 years after BMT was 58 +/- 19% when a @entity1 was transplanted for @entity417 (RA(S], 74 +/- 14% for @entity417 ( @entity417 ), 50 +/- 16% for @entity417 in transformation (RAEBt), and 18 +/- 11% for secondary @entity3052 . Allogeneic BMT can therefore be considered as curative treatment for @entity1 with @entity2590 . @entity1 with sAML who have a histocompatible donor should be given chemotherapy intensive enough to induce complete remission. If this is achieved these individuals have a prognosis comparable to those with de novo @entity3052 in first remission after BMT.

title: Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for secondary XXXX and @entity2590 : a survey by the @entity1778 Working Party of the European Bone Marrow Transplantation Group (EBMTG)

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity417 :: ('MESH:D000740', 'Disease') :: ['refractory anaemia', 'refractory anaemia with excess of blasts', 'RAEB']

entities_list: @entity2590 :: ('MESH:D009190', 'Disease') :: ['myelodysplasia', 'MDS']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute myelogenous leukaemia', 'AML']

entities_list: @entity1778 :: ('MESH:D007938', 'Disease') :: ['Leukaemia']

entities_list: @entity1442 :: ('MESH:D020178', 'Disease') :: ['advanced disease']

answer: @entity1778 :: (MESH:D007938,Disease) :: ['leukaemia']


abstract: The case of a 7-year-old @entity1 with a spinal epidural extraosseous @entity2828 (EES) is presented. He is in complete remission without @entity51 40 months after diagnosis. Another 15 cases were found in the literature and are discussed together with this @entity1 . Twelve of them were male @entity1 . The mean age of the @entity1 was 17.5 years (range, 4 to 47). Symptoms included @entity615 and/or @entity158 (100%), paresis of one or both legs (83%), @entity132 , and @entity1494 . The mean diagnostic delay was 5.8 months. Each @entity1 underwent laminectomy; complete resection of the @entity5 was impossible in more than 50% of the cases. Most @entity1 received radiation therapy and/or chemotherapy. Four @entity1 suffered from local recurrence, eight from metastases. Ten (63%) @entity1 died, 1 to 48 months (mean, 16) after diagnosis. The differential diagnosis is discussed, including disk herniation and several benign and @entity5 .

title: Primary spinal epidural extraosseous XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'boy']

entities_list: @entity2828 :: ('MESH:D012512', 'Disease') :: ["Ewing's sarcoma"]

entities_list: @entity132 :: ('MESH:D010468', 'Disease') :: ['sensory disturbances']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bladder and bowel dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'malignant tumors']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurologic deficit']

entities_list: @entity615 :: ('MESH:D001416', 'Disease') :: ['back pain']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['radicular pain']

answer: @entity2828 :: (MESH:D012512,Disease) :: ['Ewing's sarcoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity688 ( @entity688 ) is a multifunctional cytokine that exerts potent context specific immunostimulatory and immunosuppressive effects. We have investigated the mechanism by which PEGylated @entity13358 regulates plasma @entity165 in @entity19 and @entity1 . In agreement with previous work on @entity13358 , we report that PEGylated @entity13358 harnesses the myeloid immune system to control total plasma @entity165 levels. We have discovered that @entity970 -rMuIL-10's dramatic lowering of plasma @entity165 is dependent on phagocytotic cells. In particular, @entity970 -rHuIL-10 enhances @entity165 uptake by Kupffer cells. In addition, removal of phagocytotic cells dramatically increases plasma @entity165 levels, suggesting for the first time that immunological cells are implicitly involved in regulating total @entity165 levels. These data suggest that treatment with @entity970 - @entity13358 potentiates endogenous @entity165 regulating cell populations not currently targeted by standard of care therapeutics. Furthermore, we show that @entity688 's increase of Kupffer cell @entity165 phagocytosis is concomitant with decreases in liver @entity165 and @entity1674 . This leads to the reversal of early periportal liver @entity82 and facilitates the restoration of liver health. These data recommend @entity970 - @entity13358 for evaluation in the treatment of @entity409 and preventing its progression to @entity7936 . In direct confirmation of our in vivo findings in the treatment of @entity753 @entity19 with @entity970 -rMuIL-10, we report that treatment of @entity5 @entity1 with @entity970 -rHuIL-10 lowers total plasma @entity165 by up to 50%. Taken together these data suggest that @entity970 - @entity13358 's @entity165 regulating biology is consistent between @entity19 and @entity1 .

title: PEGylated XXXX Activates Kupffer Cells to Control Hypercholesterolemia.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity753 :: ('OMIM:143890', 'Disease') :: ['hypercholesterolemic']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['fatty liver disease']

entities_list: @entity7936 :: ('MESH:D005235', 'Disease') :: ['non-alcoholic steatohepatitis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['hypercholesterolemic cancer']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity688 :: (3586,Gene) :: ['IL-10']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of a Chinese herb Cordyceps sinensis ( @entity2441 ) extract on @entity519 -induced proliferation and the underlying mechanisms involved. METHODS: This prospective study was carried out at the Central Laboratory of Yichang Central @entity1 's Hospital, Yichang, China from March 2008 to April 2010. The @entity2441 was extracted from the Chinese herb @entity2441 using aqueous @entity167 extraction techniques. Forty healthy adult male @entity35 were used in the study. The proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) was measured using @entity2454 ( @entity98 ) assay, and cell viability was determined by @entity3460 exclusion. Cell cycles were analyzed using FACSort flow cytometric analysis. The expression of @entity1975 ( @entity1975 ), c-jun, and @entity5019 in @entity35 PASMCs was determined by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: We found an increased proliferation of PASMCs and increased expression of transcription factors, c-jun and @entity5019 in PASMCs cultured under @entity519 conditions. The @entity2441 extract significantly inhibited @entity519 -induced cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, @entity2441 extract also significantly inhibited the expression of @entity1975 , c-jun, and @entity5019 in these PASMCs. CONCLUSION: Our results indicated that @entity2441 extract inhibits @entity519 -induced proliferation of @entity35 PASMCs, probably by suppressing the expression of @entity1975 , @entity5019 , c-jun, and decreasing the percentage of cells in synthesis phase, second gap phase, and mitotic phase in cell cycle (S+G2/M) phase. Our results therefore, provided novel evidence that @entity2441 extract may be used as a therapeutic reagent in the treatment of @entity519 pulmonary @entity101 .

title: Cordyceps sinensis extract suppresses XXXX -induced proliferation of @entity35 pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells.

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity1975 :: ('25737(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['PCNA', 'proliferating cell nuclear antigen']

entities_list: @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxia', 'hypoxic']

entities_list: @entity2454 :: ('MESH:C022616', 'Chemical') :: ['3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-Yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide']

entities_list: @entity3460 :: ('MESH:D014343', 'Chemical') :: ['trypan blue']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['rat', 'Sprague Dawley rats']

answer: @entity519 :: (MESH:D000860,Disease) :: ['hypoxia']


abstract: From June 1976 through June 1989, 37 nonconsecutive @entity1 underwent uterine curettage during the course of their @entity1469 . In 22 @entity1 (59%) trophoblastic tissue was obtained. Three (8.1%) @entity1 sustained a uterine perforation during the procedure. In six @entity1 curettage was performed for @entity548 . There were six @entity1 curetted during assessment for metastatic @entity1469 . Twenty-eight @entity1 underwent curettage for the presumed diagnosis of nonmetastatic @entity1469 . In retrospect, four of these @entity1 (14.3%) had insufficient criteria for the diagnosis of @entity1469 . Of the remaining 23 @entity1 , four (17.4%) went into clinical remission without further treatment. Ten @entity1 (43.5%) had a transitory decline in serum beta- @entity1 chorionic gonadotropin levels that subsequently rose or plateaued. Six @entity1 (26.1%) showed no effect from the curettage on their serum beta- @entity1 chorionic gonadotropin trend during a short period of observation. Three @entity1 (13.0%) with nonmetastatic @entity1469 were not observed for a possible therapeutic effect after curettage. Thus, in only 4/20 (20%) @entity1 with @entity1469 was a therapeutic effect from curettage shown.

title: Diagnostic and therapeutic curettage in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1469 :: ('MESH:D031901', 'Disease') :: ['nonmetastatic trophoblastic disease', 'gestational trophoblastic disease', 'trophoblastic disease']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

answer: @entity1469 :: (MESH:D031901,Disease) :: ['gestational trophoblastic disease']


abstract: @entity1 with @entity6 have higher risk of @entity65 and mortality from @entity455 than non-diabetics and it is recommended that they should use @entity117 ( @entity1281 ) as anitiplatelet agent regularly. The aim of this study was to examine current physician counseling about @entity1281 therapy and the use of @entity1281 by Polish @entity1 with @entity6 . The study involved 464 randomly selected Caucasian @entity6 individuals, mainly with type 2 (>98%), who were asked to complete a questionnaire consisting of 16 questions while visiting out- @entity1 medical centres for periodical examination or during hospitalization. We collected data on the prevalence of @entity65 ( @entity65 ), frequency of risk factors among @entity6 @entity1 and on @entity1281 physician counseling, and on the rate of regular @entity1281 users among the @entity1 . The most self-reported conditions were @entity951 or prior @entity583 (63,6%). Current cigarette smoking was declared by 7,1% of the patients, elevated serum @entity165 levels by 58%, and @entity101 by 62,9%. Majority of the @entity1 were overweight, and family history of @entity453 ( @entity453 ) was reported by 30,2% of the @entity1 . @entity1281 was taken by 67,2% of all the @entity1 and 72,1% of them had taken @entity1281 regularly. The highest percentage (>80%) of regular @entity1281 users was found among @entity6 @entity1 with @entity453 . A minority of the @entity1 who reported @entity64 (43,9%) or @entity613 (15,8%) were taking @entity1281 regularly. Number of the @entity1 (32,8%) with @entity65 risk factor(s) but without diagnosed @entity65 did not use @entity1281 at all. The majority of the @entity1 (78%) were counseled by their physicians why they should use @entity1281 regularly. IN CONCLUSION: the number of regular users of @entity1281 among @entity6 @entity1 in Poland with @entity65 others than @entity453 or among @entity1 with at least two @entity453 risk factors is still unsatisfactory. Therefore, while it seems that there is a remarkable growing of @entity1281 therapy world-wide more effort is needed to make this practice a standard of multifactorial, intensive @entity6 treatment. Our results also suggest the need for more @entity146 education of both doctors and @entity1 .

title: @entity117 ( @entity1281 ) use among Polish adults with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'People', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['thrombo-vascular complications']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes mellitus', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylsalicylic acid']

entities_list: @entity951 :: ('MESH:D000787', 'Disease') :: ['angina pectoris']

entities_list: @entity613 :: ('MESH:D007383', 'Disease') :: ['claudication']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['CAD', 'coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['CVD', 'cardiovascular disease', 'cardiovascular morbidity']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes mellitus']


abstract: OBJECT: While the majority of existing reports focus on complications sustained during the chronic stages after traumatic @entity1566 ( @entity1566 ), the objective in the current study was to characterize and quantify @entity697 . In addition, the authors sought to create a prediction model using clinical variables documented at hospital admission to predict acute complication development. METHODS: Analyses were based on data from the Surgical Timing in Acute @entity1566 Study (STASCIS) data registry, which contains prospective information on adult @entity1 with cervical SCIs who were enrolled at 6 North American centers over a 7-year period. All @entity1 who underwent a standardized American @entity3510 Association (ASIA) neurological examination within 24 hours of injury and whose follow-up information was available at the acute hospital discharge were included in the study. For purposes of classification, complications were divided into 5 major categories: 1) cardiopulmonary, 2) surgical, 3) thrombotic, 4) infectious, and 5) decubitus ulcer development. Univariate statistical analyses were performed to determine the relationship between complication occurrence and individual demographic, injury, and treatment variables. Multivariate logistic regression was subsequently performed to create a complication prediction model. Model discrimination was judged according to the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. RESULTS: Complete complication information was available for 411 @entity1 at the acute care discharge. One hundred sixty @entity1 (38.9%) experienced 240 complications. The mean age among those who experienced at least one complication was 45.9 years, as compared with 43.5 years among those who did not have a complication (p = 0.18). In the univariate analysis, @entity1 with complications were less likely to receive @entity230 at admission (p = 0.01), had a greater severity of @entity16 as indicated by the @entity73 ( @entity73 ) grade at presentation (p < 0.01), and a higher frequency of significant comorbidity (p = 0.04). In a multivariate logistic regression model, a severe initial @entity73 grade (p < 0.01), a high-energy injury mechanism (p = 0.07), an older age (p = 0.05), the absence of @entity134 administration (p = 0.02), and the presence of comorbid illness (p = 0.02) were associated with a greater likelihood of complication development during the period of acute hospitalization. The area under the curve value for the full model was 0.75, indicating acceptable predictive discrimination. CONCLUSIONS: These results will help clinicians to identify @entity1 with cervical SCIs at greatest risk for complication development and thus allowing for the institution of aggressive complication prevention measures.

title: Clinical prediction model for @entity697 after traumatic cervical @entity1566 : a subanalysis from the Surgical Timing in Acute XXXX Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity3510 :: ('MESH:D013124', 'Disease') :: ['Spinal Injury']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute inpatient complications']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['ASIA Impairment Scale', 'AIS']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological injury']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity1566 :: ('MESH:D013119', 'Disease') :: ['Spinal Cord Injury', 'spinal cord injury', 'SCI']

answer: @entity1566 :: (MESH:D013119,Disease) :: ['Spinal Cord Injury']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Endovascular @entity449 repair (EVAR) has come into use and been widely extended because of the low complication rate and less-invasiveness. This article aimed to describe our experience in the treatment of @entity1028 with EVAR. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective review was conducted for the 22 @entity1 who underwent EVAR in a single hospital December 2001 to June 2009. RESULTS: The mean age of the @entity1 was 68.5  7.6 years. There were several risk factors and comorbidities in 20 @entity1 (90.9%). The mean diameter of the @entity449 was 61.2  12.9 mm. The mean length, diameter, and angle of the aneurysmal neck were 30.5  15.5 mm, 24.0  4.5 mm, and 43.9  16.0  , respectively. The mean follow-up period of the @entity1 was 28.8  29.5 months. The 30-day postoperative mortality was none. Seven @entity1 (31.8%) had @entity1070 during the hospital stay and three @entity1 (13.6%) had @entity1070 during the follow-up period. One @entity1 (4.5%) died due to a @entity1755 . The cumulative @entity1 survival rates were 88.2%, 88.2%, and 70.6% at 1, 3, and 5 years of follow-up, respectively. CONCLUSION: EVAR is currently a safe, feasible procedure for high risk @entity1 with @entity1028 because of @entity260 and mortality if @entity1 are selected properly and followed up carefully.

title: Clinical efficacy of XXXX repair.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity449 :: ('MESH:D001014', 'Disease') :: ['aortic aneurysm', 'aortic aneurysms']

entities_list: @entity1755 :: ('MESH:D001019', 'Disease') :: ['ruptured aortic aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity1070 :: ('MESH:D057867', 'Disease') :: ['endoleaks']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['low postoperative complication']

entities_list: @entity1028 :: ('MESH:D017544', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal aortic aneurysm']

answer: @entity1028 :: (MESH:D017544,Disease) :: ['endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm']


abstract: Recent studies focused on the diversity and molecular organization of the @entity1 @entity6057 -beta complex have begun to establish the genetic basis for the potential repertoire of V beta specificities in T cells. The scope and variability of the actual repertoire derived from this potential repertoire, however, remains to be clarified. In this study, V beta usage by @entity1 peripheral T cells derived from serial samples of the same individual, identical twins, and the members of three nuclear families that include four members with @entity1723 ( @entity1723 ) was assessed by both quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Northern blotting with V beta subfamily-specific probes. Samples taken from the same individual over a period of 21 months and analyzed in separate experiments indicated stability in the peripheral repertoire, whereas the similarity in peripheral V beta usage in a pair of identical twins suggested a strong role for genetics in shaping the peripheral T cell repertoire. In contrast, V beta usage in siblings and in unrelated individuals was observed to differ substantially. In particular, peripheral expression of V beta 3 and V beta 20 differed by more than sixfold among members of two different families. Segregation analysis of @entity6057 and HLA haplotypes in these families suggested that variation in V beta 20 expression was @entity6057 haplotype specific. Subsequent @entity377 sequence analysis of the V beta 20 gene segment in multiple members of these families revealed the presence of a null allele for V beta 20 expression. No consistent significant differences in V beta usage were observed in @entity1723 @entity1 relative to their siblings or between identical twins discordant for @entity1723 . These results suggest that the repertoire of peripheral T cell specificities present in different individuals in @entity1 populations varies dramatically because of the effects of multiple factors, including @entity6057 germ-line polymorphism.

title: Variability in T cell receptor V beta gene usage in @entity1 peripheral blood lymphocytes. Studies of identical twins, siblings, and @entity1723 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1723 :: ('MESH:D003922', 'Disease') :: ['IDDM', 'insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity377 :: ('CHEBI:36976', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotide']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Most victims of @entity1 abuse have experienced more than one type of maltreatment, yet there is a lack of understanding of the impact of specific combinations of types of maltreatment. This study aimed to identify meaningful classes of maltreatment profiles and to associate them with short-term clinical outcomes. A total of 358 German @entity1 and adolescents aged 4-17 with a known history of @entity1 maltreatment were included in the study. Through interviews and questionnaires, information was obtained from @entity1 and their primary caregivers on history of maltreatment, sociodemographics, psychopathology, level of psychosocial functioning, and health-related quality of life. Types of abuse were categorized into six major groups: @entity458 in general, @entity458 with penetration, physical @entity734 , neglect, and exposure to domestic violence. A latent class analysis (LCA) was performed to determine distinct multi-type maltreatment profiles, which were then assessed for their associations with the sociodemographic and clinical outcome variables. The LCA revealed that @entity1 could be categorized into three meaningful classes according to history of maltreatment: (1) experience of multiple types of maltreatment excluding @entity458 (63.1%), (2) experience of multiple types of maltreatment including @entity458 (26.5%), and (3) experience of predominantly @entity458 (10.3%). Members of Class 2 showed significantly worse short-term outcomes on psychopathology, level of functioning, and quality of life compared to the other classes. Three distinct profiles of multiple types of maltreatment were empirically identified in this sample. Exposure to multiple types of abuse was associated with poorer outcomes.

title: Experience by XXXX and adolescents of more than one type of maltreatment: Association of different classes of maltreatment profiles with clinical outcome variables.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'children', 'child']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['abuse, emotional abuse']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['sexual abuse']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aims of this study were to examine immune cell proportions in peripheral blood of @entity1 with @entity1691 ( @entity1691 ) and to investigate relationships between immune cells, level of bone formation related molecules, and radiographic changes. METHODS: Forty-nine @entity1691 @entity1 and 53 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled in this study. Clinical parameters were extensively evaluated in the study subjects. CD4+ T-cells, CD8+ T-cells, CD56+ T-cells, natural killer cells, and natural killer T (NKT) cells in peripheral blood were measured by flow cytometry. Serum levels of @entity5741 and bone morphogenic proteins were determined using enzyme linked immunosorbent assays. Modified Stokes @entity1691 spinal scores were used to assess radiographic changes. RESULTS: @entity1 were found to have a significantly higher percentages of CD56+T-cells than healthy controls (median 1.31% vs. 0.53%, p<0.001), whereas percentages of peripheral blood natural killer T (NKT) cell were lower in @entity1 than in controls (median 0.07 % vs. 0.10%, p=0.010). Moreover, mean CD 56+T to NKT cell ratio was markedly higher in @entity1 . Although no significant correlations were observed between the immune cell percentages and bone formation-related molecule levels, interestingly, @entity1 with a higher CD56+T to NKT cell ratio at baseline were found to develop greater radiographic changes (r=0.79, p=0.007, age and disease duration adjusted) during 3 years of radiographic follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: An altered T-cell compartment, particularly with respect to CD56+ T and NKT cells, was observed in @entity1691 @entity1 and could contribute to radiographic changes in @entity1691 .

title: Immune cells and bone formation in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1691 :: ('MESH:D013167', 'Disease') :: ['ankylosing spondylitis', 'AS']

answer: @entity1691 :: (MESH:D013167,Disease) :: ['ankylosing spondylitis']


abstract: We report on a 30-year-old female with a pituitary-dependent @entity699 , who refused transsphenoidal surgery and was treated with @entity3102 and @entity9229 . After approximately 3 years of therapy, the @entity1 herself decided, without the knowledge of her treating physician, to interrupt contraception. As the @entity1 became pregnant she ceased the intake of all medication (between the third and seventh week), but resumed it soon after pregnancy was diagnosed because of relapsing clinical signs. Pregnancy and vaginal delivery at 37 weeks gestation passed uneventfully. The newborn male @entity1 did not demonstrate any @entity600 and was normally sexually developed. With reference to this case, we discuss the difficulties in the medical treatment of @entity699 during pregnancy. Whereas outside pregnancy only efficacy and side-effects are taken into account, teratogenicity is an important question in these @entity1 . Experience with different drugs is listed. This is only the second time that @entity3102 has been used during pregnancy for the treatment of @entity699 . We argue that @entity3102 may be safe as well as effective in pregnancy and, furthermore, without any consequences for the @entity1 .

title: @entity699 in pregnancy treated by XXXX : case report and review of the literature.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'child', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity9229 :: ('MESH:C047047', 'Chemical') :: ['cabergoline']

entities_list: @entity3102 :: ('MESH:D007654', 'Chemical') :: ['ketoconazole']

entities_list: @entity699 :: ('MESH:D003480', 'Disease') :: ["Cushing's disease", "Cushing's syndrome"]

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['congenital malformations']

answer: @entity3102 :: (MESH:D007654,Chemical) :: ['ketoconazole']


abstract: A significant level of interleukin-1-( @entity1356 )-like activity was detected in gingival crevicular fluid obtained from sites in @entity1 with chronic @entity2520 , confirming a previous report of @entity1356 -like activity detected in @entity1 gingival crevicular fluid from @entity1 with chronic @entity2521 (J. A. Charon, T. A. Luger, S. E. Mergenhagen, and J. J. Oppenheim, Infect. Immun. 38:1190-1195, 1982). In the present study, we sought to investigate whether this @entity1356 -like activity belonged to @entity1192 or @entity1356 and to characterize some of the biochemical properties of this factor. Polyclonal antibodies against recombinant @entity1 @entity1192 or @entity1356 ( @entity8885 or @entity3426 ) have been used for serological comparison of the @entity1356 -like factor. @entity1356 -like activity was completely neutralized by anti-human @entity8885 antiserum, but not by anti-human @entity3426 antiserum. On gel filtration with a high-pressure liquid chromatographic Superose 12 column, @entity1356 -like activity was separated into two peaks, one with a molecular weight of about 43,000 and the other with a molecular weight of less than 17,000. The majority of the @entity1356 -like factor with a low molecular weight in @entity1 gingival crevicular fluid migrated at a molecular weight of about 17,000 under the reducing conditions of @entity3208 - @entity2975 gel electrophoresis. The specificity of the @entity1356 -like factor was further confirmed by an immunochemical method (Western blotting [immunoblotting]) by using anti-human @entity8885 monoclonal antibodies. On isoelectric chromatography with a high-pressure liquid chromatographic Mono P column, the pI of this @entity1356 -like factor was between pH 4.9 and 5.2. These results suggest that the @entity1356 -like factor in @entity1 gingival crevicular fluid from diseased sites in @entity1 with chronic @entity2521 consists predominantly of @entity1192 .

title: Partial characterization of an interleukin-1-like factor in @entity1 gingival crevicular fluid from XXXX with chronic @entity2520 .

entities_list: @entity2520 :: ('MESH:D010510', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory periodontal disease']

entities_list: @entity3208 :: ('MESH:D012967', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium dodecyl sulfate']

entities_list: @entity2521 :: ('MESH:D010518', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory periodontitis']

entities_list: @entity2975 :: ('CHEBI:51135', 'Chemical') :: ['polyacrylamide']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: @entity1420 supplementation during early pregnancy may increase embryo survival in @entity1707 . The current study evaluated whether oral supplementation with an analogue of @entity1420 , altrenogest (ALT), affects embryo survival. A first experiment evaluated the effect of a daily 20-mg dosage of ALT during days 1-4 or 2-4 after onset of oestrus on embryo survival at day 42 of pregnancy. A control group ( @entity27907 ) was not treated. The time of ovulation was estimated by transrectal ultrasound at 12-h intervals. Altrenogest treatment significantly reduced pregnancy rate when start of treatment was before or at ovulation: 25% (5/20) compared to later start of treatment [85% (28/33)] and non-treated @entity27907 [100% (23/23)]. Altrenogest treatment also reduced (p < 0.05) number of foetuses, from 14.6    2.6 in @entity27907 to 12.5    2.5 when ALT started 1-1.5 days from ovulation and 10.7    2.9 when ALT started 0-0.5 days from ovulation. In a second experiment, sows with a weaning-to-oestrous interval (WOI) of 6, 7 or 8-14 days were given ALT [either 20 mg (ALT20; n = 49) or 10 mg (ALT10; n = 48)] at day 4 and day 6 after onset of oestrus or were not treated (CTR2; n = 49), and farrowing rate and litter size were evaluated. Weaning-to-oestrous interval did not affect farrowing rate or litter size. ALT did not affect farrowing rate (86% vs 90% in CTR2), but ALT20 tended to have a lower litter size compared with CTR2 (11.7    4.1 vs 13.3    3.1; p = 0.07) and ALT10 was intermediate (12.3    2.9). In conclusion, altrenogest supplementation too soon after ovulation reduces fertilization rate and embryo survival rate and altrenogest supplementation at 4-6 days of pregnancy reduces litter size. As a consequence, altrenogest supplementation during early pregnancy may reduce both farrowing rate and litter size and cannot be applied at this stage in practice as a remedy against low litter size.

title: Progestagen supplementation during early pregnancy does not improve embryo survival in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['Progesterone', 'progesterone']

answer: @entity1707 :: (9823,Species) :: ['pigs']


abstract: AIMS: To describe tissue Doppler time intervals and derived indices in @entity1699 ( @entity1699 ) across surgical stages, taking account of age-related changes in the heart rate. Correlation of the myocardial performance index (MPI) and the systolic to diastolic (S:D) time ratio with other echocardiographic and @entity2996 ( @entity2996 ) measures of cardiac performance. METHODS AND RESULTS: Fifty-seven @entity1 at different stages of @entity1699 palliation were studied prospectively using tissue Doppler imaging of the right ventricular free wall, with simultaneous cardiac @entity2996 in the majority. Both isovolumic contraction time and isovolumic relaxation time were prolonged compared with the normal left and right ventricle: median (range) z-scores for the tricuspid annulus 1.9 (-1.2 to 9.3) and 1.3 (-2.0 to 5.5), respectively. When adjusted for heart rate, the ejection, systolic, and diastolic times in @entity1699 were not significantly different from published normal data. The MPI was increased at all surgical stages in @entity1699 . Neither MPI nor heart rate-specific S:D time ratio z-score correlated with @entity2996 ejection fraction or indexed cardiac output when the confounding effect of significant @entity997 was taken into consideration. CONCLUSION: The prolongation in isovolumic relaxation and contraction times may be due to adaptation or reduced myocardial performance. Differences in the S:D time ratio between surgical stages can be accounted for by the heart rate alone. Neither MPI z-score nor S:D z-score correlated with @entity2996 or other echocardiographic indices of systolic or diastolic function with the exception of a negative correlation between central venous pressure and S:D ratio z-score.

title: Tissue Doppler time intervals and derived indices in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1699 :: ('MESH:D018636', 'Disease') :: ['hypoplastic left heart syndrome', 'HLHS']

entities_list: @entity997 :: ('MESH:D014262', 'Disease') :: ['tricuspid regurgitation']

entities_list: @entity2996 :: ('MESH:C564543', 'Disease') :: ['MRI', 'magnetic resonance imaging']

answer: @entity1699 :: (MESH:D018636,Disease) :: ['hypoplastic left heart syndrome']