abstract: The objective of this retrospective study is to compare the results of early and delayed surgery of the @entity923 following @entity174 of the distal radius. The authors evaluate the quality of their treatment in @entity51 associated with this injury and recommend the correct procedure. In the submitted study 32 @entity1 with @entity923 after @entity174 of the distal radius operated in 1976-1978 are evaluated. Damage of the median nerve in the area of the @entity923 may develop after injury acutely, subacutely or also chronically. The causes of an acute posttraumatic lesion include @entity548 into the @entity923 area as well as volar dislocated bone fragments. @entity740 develop as a result of @entity4 , excessive @entity923 , persisting dislocation and prolonged immobilization. From the pathophysiological aspect the post-traumatic lesion develops as a result of a chronically elevated pressure in the @entity923 which leads to a restricted blood supply in the area of the flexor tendons as well as in the area of the median nerve. The thus developing @entity519 damages the endothelium of the vasa nervorum. Proteins penetrate and @entity4 develops as a vicious circle. This cascade can be the late consequence of the @entity13316 or the consequence of reposition and many weeks' immobilization without adequate physical therapy and in some @entity1 it may act as a "trigger" of @entity244 .

title: [Peripheral XXXX after @entity174 of the distal radius.].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['haemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['oedema']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic lesions']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deficit']

entities_list: @entity13316 :: ('MESH:D014954', 'Disease') :: ['wrist injury']

entities_list: @entity244 :: ('MESH:D014899', 'Disease') :: ["Sudeck's syndrome"]

entities_list: @entity923 :: ('MESH:D002349', 'Disease') :: ['carpal tunnel', 'callus formation in the carpal tunnel area', 'carpal tunnel syndrome']

answer: @entity51 :: (MESH:D009461,Disease) :: ['neurological deficit']


abstract: A 46 year old female was admitted to our emergency room because of @entity1167 by hanging. After ten minutes cardiopulmonary resuscitation, she was resuscitated but her consciousness did'nt recover. CT-scans on the day of admission showed no abnormalities but on the second hospital day it showed symmetrical low density areas within the basal ganglia, the thalamus, the hippocampus, and the occipital lobe. There were marked enhanced effect in cerebral sulci due to @entity2657 of @entity75 . She was @entity772 for a week, her pupils were dilated, light reflex and other brain stem reflex were absent. CT-scans on the sixth hospital day showed marked @entity4 with disappearance of the ventricular systems (so called brain tamponade). @entity1620 was confirmed on the basis of Japanese Criteria on the seventh and tenth day of admission. She had been suffering from @entity55 and @entity293 with an elevation of temperature since the fourth hospital day. We detected @entity7100 ( @entity7100 ), @entity7101 from the cultures of sputum and urine. On the tenth hospital day her temperature was running up to 39.4 degrees C and blood count revealed a peripheral @entity1503 of 40,300/mm3 with a shift to the left. @entity7100 was also detected from the cultures of blood. Skull roentgenogram showed multiple gas collections in the ventricular systems. CT-scans on the fourteenth hospital day showed multiple gas-containing @entity867 . The etiology of this @entity281 was considered due to @entity295 of @entity7100 . She died from @entity810 on the fifteenth hospital day. Consent for autopsy was not accepted.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Non-clostridial gas-producing XXXX in a @entity1620 patient--report of a case].

entities_list: @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['septicemia']

entities_list: @entity2657 :: ('MESH:D001929', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxic edema']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxic encephalopathy']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['brain swelling']

entities_list: @entity772 :: ('MESH:D003128', 'Disease') :: ['comatose']

entities_list: @entity7100 :: ('550', 'Species') :: ['E. Cloacae', 'Enterobacter Cloacae']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['blood leucocytosis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity1620 :: ('MESH:D001926', 'Disease') :: ['Brain death']

entities_list: @entity7101 :: ('571', 'Species') :: ['Klebsiella Oxytoca']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['acute renal failure']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiopulmonary arrest']

entities_list: @entity867 :: ('MESH:D001922', 'Disease') :: ['brain abscess']

entities_list: @entity293 :: ('MESH:D014552', 'Disease') :: ['urinary tract infection']

answer: @entity867 :: (MESH:D001922,Disease) :: ['brain abscess']


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate the impact of fenestrated @entity439 repair (fEVAR) on renal function perioperatively and at midterm. METHODS: A case-controlled study was performed involving 58 @entity1 (mean age 75  7 years; 51 @entity1 ) who underwent elective fEVAR for a juxtarenal or short-necked @entity1028 ( @entity1028 ) matched on age, sex, smoking, @entity6 , and baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) with a contemporaneous group undergoing open @entity439 repair (OAR) for the same indications. Perioperative incidence of @entity810 ( @entity810 ) and levels of eGFR at 30 days and 1 year were compared. A systematic literature review was performed to identify studies that had used eGFR as renal outcome after fEVAR; the pooled data were meta-analyzed using an eGFR drop >30% at 1 month and the latest follow-up as endpoints. Results are reported as the pooled proportion and 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS: The incidence of @entity810 after fEVAR was 28% compared to 10% after OAR (p=0.03). Following fEVAR, the mean eGFR dropped from 78  8 to 74  9 mL/min/1.73 m(2) at 30 days compared to a change from 79  8 to 80  16 mL/min/1.73 m(2) after OAR (p<0.01). However, the absolute drop in eGFR between fEVAR and OAR at 1 year was similar (7 mL/min/1.73 m(2); p=0.53); 7% of the fEVAR @entity1 had an eGFR drop >30% at that point compared with none for OAR (p=0.12). The systematic literature review identified eGFR outcomes for 193 fEVAR @entity1 . Combining these @entity1 with the 58 from our cohort study, the pooled proportions of eGFR drop >30% were 20% (95% CI 9% to 39%) at 30 days and 8% (95% CI 0.5% to 13%) at the end of follow-up. CONCLUSION: fEVAR has a significant perioperative impact on renal function, but 1-year results are similar to OAR. fEVAR @entity1 may benefit from targeted @entity810 prevention strategies that need to be assessed in relevant studies.

title: Impact of Fenestrated XXXX Repair on Renal Function.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['endovascular aneurysm', 'aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['AKI', 'acute kidney injury']

entities_list: @entity1028 :: ('MESH:D017544', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal aortic aneurysm', 'AAA']

answer: @entity1028 :: (MESH:D017544,Disease) :: ['Endovascular Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recent results have indicated that high prerenal and postrenal transplant soluble @entity5823 levels may be associated with an increased acute rejection and graft loss. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of using serum sCD30 as a marker for predicting acute graft rejection. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this prospective study,we analyzed clinical data of 80 @entity1 , whose pretransplant and posttransplant serum levels of sCD30 were detected by enzyme-linked immunoassay. Eight @entity1 developed acute rejection, 7 @entity1 showed delayed graft function, and 65 recipients experienced an uncomplicated course group. The @entity1 were followed for 12 months, and there were no deaths. RESULTS: Preoperative sCD30 levels of 3 groups were 96.2 -/+ 32.5, 80.2 -/+ 28.3, and 76.8 -/+ 29.8 U/mL (P = .28). After transplant, a significant decrease in the sCD30 level was detected in 3 groups on day 14 posttransplant (P < .001), while sCD30 levels of acute rejection group remained significantly higher than delayed graft function and nonrejecting @entity1 (28.3 -/+ 5.2, 22.1 -/+ 3.2, and 19.8 -/+ 4.7 U/mL) (P = .02). Positive panel reactive antibody was not statistically different among groups (P = .05). Also, hemodialysis did not affect sCD30 levels (P = .05). Receiver operating characteristic curve demonstrated that the sCD30 level on day 14 posttransplant could discriminate @entity1 who subsequently suffered acute allograft rejection (area under receiver operating characteristic curve, 0.95). According to receiver operating characteristic curve, 20 U/mL may be the optimal operational cutoff level to predict impending graft rejection (specificity 93.8%, sensitivity 83.3%). CONCLUSIONS: Measurement of the soluble @entity5823 level on day 14 after transplant might offer a noninvasive means for recognizing @entity1 at risk of acute graft rejection during the early posttransplant period.

title: Posttransplant soluble XXXX as a predictor of acute renal allograft rejection.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity5823 :: (943,Gene) :: ['CD30']


abstract: Asthma is characterised into @entity1712 and non- @entity1712 phenotypes based on inflammatory cell patterns in airway secretions. Neutrophils are important in innate immunity, and are increased in the airways in @entity1712 . The present study investigated the activity of neutrophils in @entity565 phenotypes. @entity1 with @entity1712 (n = 8) and @entity1712 (n = 9) and healthy controls (n = 11) underwent sputum induction and blood collection. Neutrophils were isolated and cultured with or without lipopolysaccharide. Cytokines were measured by ELISA, and gene expression was analysed using a gene expression microarray and quantitative PCR. In @entity1712 , blood neutrophils released significantly higher levels of @entity687 at rest. Cytokine gene expression and sputum neutrophil protein production did not differ between @entity565 subtypes. Microarrays demonstrated closely related expression profiles from @entity1 with @entity1712 that were significantly distinct from those in @entity1712 . A total of 317 genes were significantly altered in resting neutrophils from @entity1 with @entity1712 versus @entity1712 , including genes related to cell motility and regulation of apoptosis. Non- @entity1712 and @entity1712 are associated with specific gene expression profiles, providing further evidence that these phenotypes of @entity565 involve different molecular mechanisms of disease pathogenesis at the systemic level. The mechanisms of @entity1712 may involve enhancement of blood neutrophil chemotaxis and survival.

title: Differential gene expression and cytokine production from neutrophils in XXXX phenotypes.

entities_list: @entity1712 :: ('MESH:D004802', 'Disease') :: ['eosinophilic', 'non-eosinophilic asthma', 'eosinophilic asthma']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Participants']

answer: @entity565 :: (MESH:D001249,Disease) :: ['asthma']


abstract: OBJECT: To investigate the effect of temperature (0 versus 37 degrees C) in the high-resolution magic angle spinning spectroscopy (HRMAS) pattern of @entity1 @entity1313 biopsies and its influence in recognition-based @entity5 type prediction. This proof-of-principle study addressed the bilateral discrimination between @entity1653 ( @entity1653 ) and @entity463 multiforme (GBM) cases. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-three @entity5 biopsy samples were collected (20 @entity1653 and 23 GBM), kept frozen and later analyzed at 0 degrees C and 37 degrees C by HRMAS. Post-HRMAS histopathology was used to validate the @entity5 type. Time-course experiments (100 min) at both temperatures were carried out to monitor HRMAS pattern changes. Principal component analysis and linear discriminant analysis were used for classifier development with a training set of 20 biopsies. RESULTS: Temperature-dependent, spectral pattern changes mostly affected mobile lipids and @entity1877 -containing compounds resonances and were essentially reversible. Incubation of 3 @entity1653 and 3 GBM at 37 degrees C during 100 minutes produced irreversible pattern changes below 13% in a few resonances. Classification performance of an independent test set of 7 biopsies was 100% for the pulse-and-acquire, CPMG at echo times (TE) of 30 ms and 144 ms and Hahn Echo at TE 30 ms at 0 degrees C and 37 degrees C. The performance for Hahn Echo spectra at 136 ms was 83.3% at 0 degrees C and 100% at 37 degrees C. CONCLUSION: The spectral pattern of mobile lipids changes reversibly with temperature. HRMAS demonstrated potential for automated @entity1313 biopsy classification. No advantage was obtained when acquiring spectra at 37 degrees C with respect to 0 degrees C in most of the conditions used for the discrimination addressed.

title: Short-term temperature effect on the HRMAS spectra of @entity1 XXXX biopsies and their pattern recognition analysis.

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['brain tumor']

entities_list: @entity1653 :: ('MESH:D008579', 'Disease') :: ['MM', 'meningioma']

entities_list: @entity463 :: ('MESH:D005909', 'Disease') :: ['glioblastoma']

answer: @entity1313 :: (MESH:D001932,Disease) :: ['brain tumor']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The categories of the International @entity1582 Working Group (IMWG) response criteria for multiple @entity1582 are based on the magnitude of the change in paraprotein and the normalization of the free light chain ratio (rFLC). However, the relationship between the response by these biomarkers and clinical outcomes has not been validated with novel compounds in the phase 1 setting. Early response predictors may have prognostic value and speed development plans for new agents. METHODS: The relationship between biomarkers of response and clinical outcomes was examined in 87 relapsed or refractory multiple @entity1582 @entity1 enrolled in nontransplant phase I clinical trials from January 2004 through November 2011 at 4 time landmarks. Progression-free survival (PFS) was the primary outcome, and @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) was also assessed. RESULTS: The normalization of rFLC within 4 months predicted improvement in PFS (11.3 vs 2.8 months, P   =   .038), whereas the normalization of rFLC within 12 months predicted improvement in PFS (6.1 vs 2.8 months, P   =   .015) and @entity1349 (45 vs 17.4 months, P   =   .002). The magnitude of response in paraprotein predicted and correlated linearly with PFS at all time landmarks (R(2)    =   0.703-0.943) when it was assessed with 2 different boundaries. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that the normalization of rFLC and the magnitude of response are viable biomarkers for surrogate endpoints in early-phase clinical trials, validate the use of current IMWG response criteria in the phase 1 setting, and support the use of these biomarkers for drug development endpoints. @entity5 2015;121:853-862.    2014 American @entity5 Society.

title: Predictors of survival outcomes in phase 1 relapsed or refractory multiple XXXX @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1582 :: ('MESH:D009101', 'Disease') :: ['myeloma', 'Myeloma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cancer']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity1582 :: (MESH:D009101,Disease) :: ['myeloma']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: To assess the clinical effectiveness of falloposcopic tuboplasty in @entity249 . DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study (Canadian Task Force classification II-3). SETTING: Infertility clinic. @entity1 : Three hundred forty-five @entity249 @entity1 (>= 2y) with a diagnosis of proximal tubal occlusion, either bilateral or unilateral, between January 2005 and January 2011. INTERVENTION: Falloposcopic tuboplasty. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Medical records for 345 @entity1 with a diagnosis of proximal tubal occlusion were reviewed. Of the 345 @entity1 , 304 underwent falloposcopic tuboplasty, with successful recanalization achieved in 248 @entity1 (81.6%). Ninety-one of the 304 @entity1 (29.9%) became pregnant. Of these, 18 @entity1 (19.8%) miscarried, and 4 (4.4%) had @entity5849 in the recanalized tube. At 1-, 3-, 6-, and 9-month follow-up, the cumulative probability of conception was 23.1%, 50.6%, 73.6%, and 82.4%, respectively. Related complications included @entity281 (0.3%), perforation of the fallopian tube (1.3%), and accidental breakage of the catheter (4.9%) or the falloposcope (1.3%). CONCLUSIONS: Falloposcopic tuboplasty is safe and effective for treatment of @entity249 . The pregnancy rate after falloposcopic tuboplasty is comparable to that after in vitro fertilization, which suggests that it can be an alternative to in vitro fertilization in @entity1 with @entity249 .

title: Renaissance of surgical recanalization for proximal fallopian tubal occlusion: falloposcopic tuboplasty as a promising therapeutic option in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['postsurgical infection']

entities_list: @entity249 :: ('MESH:D007246', 'Disease') :: ['tubal infertility', 'infertile']

entities_list: @entity5849 :: ('MESH:D011271', 'Disease') :: ['ectopic pregnancies']

answer: @entity249 :: (MESH:D007246,Disease) :: ['tubal infertility']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Understanding how individuals weigh the quality of life associated with complications and treatments is important in assessing the economic value of @entity6 care and may provide insight into treatment adherence. We quantify @entity1 ' utilities (a measure of preference) for the full array of @entity2412 and treatments. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We conducted interviews with a multiethnic sample of 701 adult @entity1 living with @entity6 who were attending Chicago area clinics. We elicited utilities (ratings on a 0-1 scale, where 0 represents death and 1 represents perfect health) for hypothetical health states by using time-tradeoff questions. We evaluated 9 complication states (e.g., @entity6 and @entity1939 ) and 10 treatment states (e.g., intensive @entity413 control vs. conventional @entity413 control and comprehensive @entity6 care [i.e., intensive control of multiple risk factors]). RESULTS: End-stage complications had lower mean utilities than intermediate complications (e.g., @entity1939 0.38 [SD 0.35] vs. @entity989 0.53 [0.36], P < 0.01), and end-stage complications had the lowest ratings among all health states. Intensive treatments had lower mean utilities than conventional treatments (e.g., intensive @entity413 control 0.67 [0.34] vs. conventional @entity413 control 0.76 [0.31], P < 0.01), and the lowest rated treatment state was comprehensive @entity6 care (0.64 [0.34]). @entity1 rated comprehensive treatment states similarly to intermediate complication states. CONCLUSIONS: End-stage complications have the greatest perceived burden on quality of life; however, comprehensive @entity6 treatments also have significant negative quality-of-life effects. Acknowledging these effects of @entity6 care will be important for future economic evaluations of novel drug combination therapies and innovations in drug delivery.

title: XXXX perceptions of quality of life with @entity2412 and treatments.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes', 'diabetic retinopathy']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['retinopathy']

entities_list: @entity1939 :: ('MESH:D001766', 'Disease') :: ['blindness']

entities_list: @entity2412 :: ('MESH:D048909', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes-related complications']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patient']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy of enteral nutrition(EN) therapy for active @entity30 ( @entity1050 ) complicated with incomplete @entity1321 . METHODS: Clinical data of 37 @entity1 with active @entity1050 complicated with incomplete @entity1321 treated with EN(n=37) between January 2003 and September 2009 were retrospectively analyzed. @entity1050 activity index (CDAI) was between 150 and 450. The @entity1 received total enteral nutrition (TEN) 125 kJ/kg by nasogastric tube or percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy/jejunostomy( @entity970 /J) tube. Clinical response was defined as a decrease in CDAI>= 70 from baseline since EN therapy, and clinical remission was defined as CDAI<150. Nutritional status, disease activity index, and side effects were recorded at the 0, 4th, and 12th week after EN therapy. RESULTS: Stricture or @entity850 location included ileum in 8 (21.6%) @entity1 , ileocolon in 19(51.4%), colon in 4(10.8%), jejunoileum in 5(13.5%), and duodenum in 1(2.7%). At 4 weeks after EN, CDAI significantly decreased(112.0  39.6 vs.174.6  34.7,P<0.05). The ratio of clinical response was 43.2%(16/37) and clinical remission was 72.9%(27/37). At 12 weeks, CDAI was 70.2  32.9, lower than that at week 4(P<0.05). The ratio of clinical response was 70.2%(26/37) and clinical remission was 78.4%(29/37). Other disease activity indexes such as C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and nutritional status such as BMI, serum albumin, prealbumin, @entity69 and hemoglobin showed similar trend. During therapy, 7 cases had progressive @entity1321 resulting in bowel resection, 11 cases had @entity294 and/or abdominal distention due to inadequate infusion of home EN whose symptoms were improved after correction by the doctor. CONCLUSIONS: EN therapy can induce clinical response and remission in @entity1050 complicated with incomplete @entity1321 , relieve obstruction, alleviate the inflammatory response which plays positive role in the treatment of @entity1050 .

title: [Enteral nutritional therapy in @entity30 complicated with incomplete XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity1321 :: ('MESH:D007415', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal obstruction']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ['Crohn disease']

answer: @entity1321 :: (MESH:D007415,Disease) :: ['intestinal obstruction']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of exenatide on fat deposition and a metabolic profile in @entity1 with @entity209 . METHODS: An uncontrolled, open clinical study was carried out in 10 @entity1 with @entity209 and without pharmacological treatment. @entity1 received exenatide (5    g) subcutaneously twice daily for 1 month. Before and after the intervention, metabolic profile and phases of @entity2690 secretion and @entity2690 sensitivity were estimated. To assess @entity2690 secretion and sensitivity, the @entity1602 was performed. Computed tomography was performed to evaluate both subcutaneous and visceral fat. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test and Mann-Whitney U-test were used for statistical analyses. RESULTS: Weight, body mass index, waist circumference, and systolic blood pressure were decreased by exenatide. Subcutaneous fat deposition decreased by 4.4% compared to the basal value. There were significant decreases in total @entity165 and low-density lipoprotein @entity165 , as well as an increment in the first phase of @entity2690 secretion after the intervention. CONCLUSION: One-month administration of exenatide significantly decreased subcutaneous fat deposition by 4.4%, improving the metabolic profile in @entity1 with @entity209 .

title: Effect of exenatide on fat deposition and a metabolic profile in XXXX with @entity209 .

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1602 :: ('MESH:D006944', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp technique']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Invasive @entity957 (CC) arises from sequential progression of low-grade (L) and high-grade (H) @entity2784 ( @entity2784 ). In clinical observations, these lesions are frequently found as synchronous multiple foci. The nature and evolutionary mechanism of these lesions are largely unknown. We have performed allelotyping of three 3p markers (at 3p14, 3p22-24, and 3p25) on 22 LSILs and 15 HSILs microdissected from @entity1 with multiple (n = 21) or uniform (n = 6) @entity75 . The results were analyzed together with our previous allelotyping of 57 deeply invasive CCs. Loss of heterozygosity at one of the three markers was observed in 23%, 27%, and 31 % of LSILs, HSILs, and CCs, respectively. Frequent and early allelic loss was noted (in 30% of LSILs and 50% of HSILs) at 3p14, which may harbor @entity5 suppressor genes involved in early stages of cervical @entity105 . A high frequency of microsatellite alteration (MA) was found in LSIL (41%) and @entity2784 (67%) but not in CC (5.3%). In particular, MA was more frequently found in low-grade lesions in association with invasive @entity5 (75%, 6/8) than in those associated with @entity2784 (29%, 4/14) (P < 0.05). Together with the finding of a monoclonal origin of premalignant and @entity5 , the present results allow us to propose a model of local field effect of genomic instability that progressively affects the @entity2214 of SIL of uterine cervix.

title: Monoclonality and surface lesion-specific microsatellite alterations in premalignant and malignant @entity5 of uterine cervix: a local field effect of genomic instability and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2214 :: ('MESH:D007945', 'Disease') :: ['clonal evolution']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['cervical lesions']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'malignant cervical lesions', 'cancers']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous carcinoma of the uterine cervix']

entities_list: @entity105 :: ('MESH:D063646', 'Disease') :: ['carcinogenesis']

entities_list: @entity2784 :: ('MESH:D065310', 'Disease') :: ['SILs', 'HSIL', 'squamous intraepithelial lesions']

answer: @entity2214 :: (MESH:D007945,Disease) :: ['clonal evolution']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study assessed the safety and efficacy of combined @entity6237 and @entity2643 therapy in controlling refractory @entity591 in @entity1 . BACKGROUND: Single-drug as well as standard combination medical therapy for @entity591 in @entity1 sometimes fails. In those cases, one may consider interventional therapy. However, this option may carry a high risk of morbidity and mortality in @entity1 . The natural history of @entity591 in @entity1 often favors eventual resolution and reinforces the importance of selecting an effective medical regimen. METHODS: We performed a retrospective analysis of nine @entity1 (median age 2 months) who received combined @entity6237 and @entity2643 therapy for attempted control of refractory @entity591 . Trough serum drug levels of @entity6237 were monitored, and 24-h ambulatory electrocardiographic monitoring was used to determine efficacy of therapy. RESULTS: Single-drug treatment with @entity6237 or @entity2643 failed in all of the @entity1 studied. An average of four drugs failed (range one to six) before administration of combined @entity6237 and @entity2643 therapy. During combined therapy, the @entity6237 dose was 70 to 110 mg/m2 per day, and that for @entity2643 was 7.5 to 13.5 mg/kg per day for a mean (+/- SD) of 9 +/- 2 days to load and 5 to 12 mg/kg per day as maintenance. Successful control of @entity591 was demonstrated in seven (78%) of nine @entity1 (95% confidence interval 46% to 99%) (three of three with congenital junctional ectopic @entity591 , three of three with @entity4710 and one of three with @entity1165 ). During combined therapy, @entity6237 trough levels ranged from 350 to 731 ng/ml. Corrected QT intervals varied from 0.440 to 0.488 ms. No proarrhythmia occurred. None of the @entity1 required a pacemaker, and all had normal left ventricular dimensions and fractional shortening by echocardiography. Eight of nine @entity1 had a structurally normal heart. One @entity1 had surgical correction of an @entity474 . CONCLUSIONS: Combination therapy with @entity6237 and @entity2643 appears to be safe and effective in controlling refractory @entity591 in @entity1 . The combination of @entity6237 and @entity2643 may obviate the need for early interventional therapy or may allow delay until the @entity1 is older.

title: @entity6237 and @entity2643 : combined therapy for refractory XXXX in infancy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['infants', 'child', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity2643 :: ('MESH:D000638', 'Chemical') :: ['amiodarone']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity474 :: ('MESH:C562831', 'Disease') :: ['atrioventricular septal defect']

entities_list: @entity6237 :: ('MESH:D005424', 'Chemical') :: ['flecainide']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardia', 'tachyarrhythmias']

entities_list: @entity4710 :: ('MESH:D013617', 'Disease') :: ['supraventricular tachycardia']

answer: @entity591 :: (MESH:D013610,Disease) :: ['tachyarrhythmias']


abstract: K+ channels are key molecules in the progression of several @entity5 types and are considered to be potential targets for @entity5 therapy. In this study, we investigated the intermediate- conductance @entity141 -activated K+ channels ( @entity25140 ) expression in both @entity0 ( @entity0 ) specimens and @entity1 @entity0 epithelial primary cell cultures (hBCE) using immuno-histochemistry (60 samples), quantitative Real-Time RT-PCR (30 samples) and Western blot assay (30 samples). We also looked at whether or not the expression of these channels is correlated with @entity0 grade @entity5 and @entity3 status. Furthermore, we characterized the @entity25140 channel activity in hBCE cells by using the Whole Cell Patch Clamp Technique. We found that @entity25140 transcripts and proteins were expressed in both @entity0 samples and hBCE cells. Clinicopathologic evaluation indicated a significant correlation between @entity25140 -expression and @entity5 grade. @entity25140 mRNA and protein were more highly expressed in @entity5 than in both grades I and II. However, the @entity25140 expression-increase according to grade was only observed in @entity5 with negative @entity3 status. Moreover, the @entity25140 channels expressed in hBCE cells are functional. This was attested by patch-clamp recordings showing typical @entity25140 -mediated currents in these cells. In conclusion, these data suggest that @entity25140 might contribute to @entity0 and can serve as a useful prognostic marker for @entity0 .

title: Intermediate conductance @entity141 activated K+ channels are expressed and functional in XXXX : correlation with @entity5 grade and @entity3 status.

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast carcinoma', 'breast cancer', 'breast tumour-progression', 'BC', 'breast carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'grade III tumours', 'tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast adenocarcinomas']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Proximal tibia @entity174 with @entity2054 present a challenge for orthopedic surgeons. More often than not these @entity1 are subjected to multiple surgeries and are complicated by @entity281 and poor rehabilitation. There is no consensus in the management of these @entity174 . Most common mode is to do @entity8658 with external fixation, followed by second stage definitive fixation. We performed a retrospective study of proximal tibia @entity174 with @entity2054 treated by single stage fasciotomy and internal fixation. Results in terms of early @entity174 union, minimum complications and early @entity1 mobilization were very good. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifteen @entity1 who were operated between July 2011 and June 2012 were selected for the study. All documents from their admission until the last followup in December 2013 were reviewed, data regarding complications collected and results were evaluated using Oxford Knee scoring system. RESULTS: At the final outcome, there was anatomical or near anatomical alignment with no postoperative problems with range of motion of near complete flexion (>120) in all @entity1 within 3 months. 13 @entity1 started full weight bearing walking at 3 months. Delayed union in two @entity1 and @entity39 in one @entity1 was observed. CONCLUSIONS: Since the results are encouraging and the rehabilitation time is much less when compared to conventional approaches, it is recommended using this protocol to perform @entity8658 with the definitive internal fixation as single stage surgery to obtain excellent followup results and to reduce rehabilitation time, secondary @entity130 , expense of treatment and @entity281 rate.

title: Proximal XXXX with @entity2054 managed by fasciotomy and internal fixation: A retrospective analysis of 15 cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity8658 :: ('MESH:C580055', 'Disease') :: ['early fasciotomy']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'fracture']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['skin necrosis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection', 'infection osteomyelitis']

entities_list: @entity2054 :: ('MESH:D003161', 'Disease') :: ['compartment syndrome', 'impending compartment syndrome']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['tibial fractures']


abstract: An extensive overview of the relationship between @entity137 and @entity4509 blood concentrations in the @entity840 is provided which should assist in the clinical application of this class of antibiotic. A data set previously used to relate the incidence of @entity4509 @entity2167 to dosing rates and blood concentrations was re-examined to assess the toxicodynamics of @entity4509 in terms of decibels of @entity393 across dosing rate, hearing frequency and time following drug exposure. Animals in this data set had received continuously i.v. infused @entity4509 over an 8-fold range of dosing rates. Preliminary analysis indicated that the data were consistent with a sigmoid relationship between @entity393 (decibels) and area under the @entity4509 plasma concentration vs time curve cumulated over the entire course of drug administration (cAUC). The sigmoid model was therefore used as the backbone of a far more comprehensive toxicodynamic model which described all the data with a single equation. Testing with this model showed that the cAUC required to produce half-maximum @entity393 (cAUC-1/2) was related to dosing rate (P < 0.01), to hearing frequency (P < 0.00001), and to post-drug interval (P < 0.00001). Maximum @entity393 (difference between upper and lower sigmoid asymptotes) was less than total and was significantly related to frequency (P < 0.00001). No effects could be detected on the sigmoid slope. Further modelling of the significant effects detected by the comprehensive toxicodynamic model was done to determine if they could be described by simple relationships or by biologically relevant sub-models. Modelling of maximum @entity393 (postulated to represent loss of mainly outer hair cell function) indicated that this parameter was constant at about 61 decibels for 2-12 kHz and linearly decreased with log frequency for frequencies > 12 kHz. Modelling of cAUC-1/2 on frequency indicated that there was a strong inverse linear relationship to log frequency. Modelling of cAUC-1/2 on post-drug interval indicated that delayed @entity2167 continued at progressively slower rates for at least 56 days after drug administration had ceased. Modelling of cAUC-1/2 on dosing rate showed an increased requirement for drug as the dosing rate decreased. However, cAUC-1/2 changed no more than 20% across the range of dosing rates compared to the 8-fold difference in mean steady-state plasma concentrations, suggesting that plasma concentration is not a primary determinant of @entity2167 . A toxicokinetic model was developed which explained the dosing rate effect on cAUC-1/2 very successfully.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: Toxicodynamics and toxicokinetics of XXXX in the @entity840 cochlea.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cochlear toxicity']

entities_list: @entity2167 :: ('MESH:D006311', 'Disease') :: ['ototoxicity']

entities_list: @entity4509 :: ('MESH:D000583', 'Chemical') :: ['amikacin']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing loss']

answer: @entity4509 :: (MESH:D000583,Chemical) :: ['amikacin']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The authors examined three yearlong outpatient treatments for @entity4225 : dialectical behavior therapy, transference-focused psychotherapy, and a dynamic supportive treatment. METHOD: Ninety @entity1 who were diagnosed with @entity4225 were randomly assigned to transference-focused psychotherapy, dialectical behavior therapy, or supportive treatment and received medication when indicated. Prior to treatment and at 4-month intervals during a 1-year period, blind raters assessed the domains of suicidal behavior, @entity146 , impulsivity, @entity148 , @entity308 , and social adjustment in a multiwave study design. RESULTS: Individual growth curve analysis revealed that @entity1 in all three treatment groups showed significant positive change in @entity308 , @entity148 , global functioning, and social adjustment across 1 year of treatment. Both transference-focused psychotherapy and dialectical behavior therapy were significantly associated with improvement in suicidality. Only transference-focused psychotherapy and supportive treatment were associated with improvement in anger. Transference-focused psychotherapy and supportive treatment were each associated with improvement in facets of impulsivity. Only transference-focused psychotherapy was significantly predictive of change in irritability and verbal and direct assault. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with @entity4225 respond to structured treatments in an outpatient setting with change in multiple domains of outcome. A structured dynamic treatment, transference-focused psychotherapy was associated with change in multiple constructs across six domains; dialectical behavior therapy and supportive treatment were associated with fewer changes. Future research is needed to examine the specific mechanisms of change in these treatments beyond common structures.

title: Evaluating three treatments for XXXX : a multiwave study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4225 :: ('MESH:D001883', 'Disease') :: ['borderline personality disorder']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggression']

answer: @entity4225 :: (MESH:D001883,Disease) :: ['borderline personality disorder']


abstract: Total body irradiation (TBI)-based conditioning regimens for pediatric @entity1 with @entity3052 ( @entity3052 ) beyond first complete remission ( @entity3432 ) are controversial. Because the long-term morbidity of @entity1863 (Bu)-based regimens appears to be lower, determining efficacy is critical. We retrospectively evaluated 151 pediatric @entity1 with @entity3052 beyond @entity3432 , comparing outcomes in 90 @entity1 who received a TBI-based conditioning regimen and 61 @entity1 who received a Bu-based conditioning regimen. There were no differences between the 2 groups with respect to age, sex, duration of @entity3432 , time from most recent remission to transplantation, or donor source. The probability of relapse at 2 years also did not differ between the 2 groups (26% and 27%, respectively; P=.93). No significant difference in event-free survival (EFS) (P=.29) or @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) (P=.11) was noted between the 2 groups. These findings were supported by a multivariate analysis in which TBI was not associated with improved EFS (hazard ratio [HR]=1.17; 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.66-2.10; P=.58) or @entity1349 (HR=1.42; 95% CI=0.76-2.64; P=.27). Shorter @entity3432 and receiving an HLA-mismatched transplant adversely affected EFS and @entity1349 in this cohort. Our study provides no evidence of an advantage to using TBI in @entity1 with @entity3052 beyond @entity3432 . A prospective, randomized study is needed to confirm these results.

title: Impact of conditioning regimen in allogeneic hematopoetic stem cell transplantation for XXXX with @entity3052 beyond first complete remission: a pediatric blood and marrow transplant consortium (PBMTC) study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute myelogenous leukemia', 'AML']

entities_list: @entity1863 :: ('MESH:D002066', 'Chemical') :: ['busulfan']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The purpose of this work was to evaluate the effect of @entity224 dismutase (SOD) on primary swelling, lipoperoxidation, body thymus, and spleen weight in the @entity1753 ( @entity1753 ) model in @entity35 . METHODS: Orally and intraperitoneally administered SOD (100 U/kg) from @entity291 erythrocytes, as well as @entity1623 (40 mg/kg) and @entity619 (25 mg/kg), were evaluated against placebo. RESULTS: Primary @entity4 was not decreased by SOD; in contrast, @entity1623 and @entity619 showed good anti-inflammatory activity. Lipoperoxidation increased 1.8, 2.5, and 2.8 times with intraperitoneal SOD, @entity1623 , and @entity619 administration, respectively, while oral SOD decreased lipoperoxidation levels to approximately one-half of that found in the control group. Body weight increased with SOD but decreased with @entity619 . @entity1623 did not change the animal weight. Thymus weight remained unchanged with SOD and @entity1623 , while it decreased with @entity619 . Spleen weight remained the same with SOD, but increased with @entity1623 and decreased with @entity619 . No side effects were observed in the SOD group, whereas 20% of the @entity35 in the @entity1623 group died of @entity360 , and 50% of the @entity35 in the @entity619 group, of @entity358 . CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, SOD showed no anti-inflammatory activity but decreased lipoperoxidation when administered orally. No deleterious effects in primary and secondary immunologic organs were observed with this agent.

title: Effect of XXXX dismutase from @entity291 erythrocytes on different activity parameters in @entity1753 .

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity1753 :: ('MESH:D001169', 'Disease') :: ['AIA', 'adjuvant-induced arthritis']

entities_list: @entity1623 :: ('MESH:D009288', 'Chemical') :: ['naproxen', 'Naproxen']

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['dexamethasone']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary infection']

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide']

answer: @entity224 :: (MESH:D013481,Chemical) :: ['superoxide']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity1888 and B are oncogenic @entity563 / @entity1889 kinases that regulate mitosis. Overexpression of Auroras promotes resistance to microtubule-targeted agents. We investigated mechanistic synergy by inhibiting the mitotic spindle apparatus in the presence of @entity1890 [M], an @entity1888 inhibitor with either @entity1891 [MV] or @entity1205 [ @entity601 ] in aggressive @entity1892 ( @entity1892 ). The addition of rituximab [R] to MV or @entity601 was evaluated for synthetic lethality. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Aggressive @entity1892 cell subtypes were evaluated in vitro and in vivo for target modulation and anti- @entity1893 activity with single agents, doublets, and triplets by analyzing cell proliferation, apoptosis, @entity5 growth, survival, and mechanisms of response/relapse by gene expression profiling with protein validation. RESULTS: MV is synergistic whereas @entity601 is additive for cell proliferation inhibition in @entity1892 cell culture models. Addition of rituximab to MV is superior to @entity601 , but both significantly induce apoptosis compared with doublet therapy. @entity19 xenograft models of @entity1073 showed modest single-agent activity for @entity1890 , rituximab, @entity1205 , and @entity1891 with @entity5 growth inhibition (TGI) of approximately 10% to 15%. Of the doublets, MV caused @entity5 regression, whereas TGI was observed with @entity601 (approximately 55%-60%) and MR (approximately 25%-50%), respectively. Although MV caused @entity5 regression, @entity19 relapsed 20 days after stopping therapy. In contrast, MVR was curative, whereas MDR led to TGI of approximately 85%. Proliferation cell nuclear antigen, @entity1894 , @entity1895 , @entity1896 , and @entity1379 proteins of harvested @entity5 confirmed response and resistance to therapy. CONCLUSIONS: Addition of rituximab to MV is a novel therapeutic strategy for aggressive @entity1892 and warrants clinical trial evaluation.

title: @entity1888 inhibitor ( @entity1890 ) plus @entity1891 plus rituximab is synthetic lethal and a potential curative therapy in aggressive XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ['B-NHL', 'B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity1891 :: ('MESH:D014750', 'Chemical') :: ['vincristine']

entities_list: @entity1073 :: ('MESH:D020522', 'Disease') :: ['mantle cell lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity563 :: ('CHEBI:17822', 'Chemical') :: ['serine']

entities_list: @entity1889 :: ('CHEBI:26986', 'Chemical') :: ['threonine']

entities_list: @entity1205 :: ('MESH:C067311', 'Chemical') :: ['docetaxel']

answer: @entity1892 :: (MESH:D016393,Disease) :: ['B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity409 , which contributes to @entity731 and @entity4288 , commonly accompanies @entity454 ( @entity454 ). However, little is known about the role of @entity177 ( @entity177 ) in endothelial protection in @entity454 @entity1 . This study aimed to investigate the relationship between endothelial function and @entity177 in @entity1 undergoing @entity298 ( @entity298 ). METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study involving 72 prevalent @entity298 @entity1 . Demographic and clinical data were recorded and residual glomerular filtration rate (GFR), Kt/V @entity1133 , and serum concentrations of inflammatory markers were measured. Endothelial function was assessed by brachial artery endothelium-dependent vasodilation [ @entity384 ( @entity384 )] to reactive @entity450 following 5 minutes of forearm @entity63 . RESULTS: In @entity1 with @entity384 % above the median value ( @entity384 > 2.41%), residual GFR was significantly higher compared to that in @entity1 with @entity384 % below the median [1.50 (0 - 9.64) vs 0.48 (0 - 3.89) mL/min/1.73 m(2), P = 0.026]. Correlation analyses revealed that residual GFR (   = 0.381, P = 0.001) and total Kt/V @entity1133 (y = 0.408, P < 0.001) were positively correlated with @entity384 %, whereas @entity298 duration (y = -0.351, P = 0.003), high-sensitivity @entity1851 (   = -0.345, P = 0.003), pulse pressure (y = -0.341, P = 0.003), and age (y = -0.403, P < 0.001) were inversely correlated with @entity384 %. In contrast, there was no correlation between peritoneal Kt/V @entity1133 and @entity384 %. In multivariate linear regression analysis adjusted for these factors, residual GFR was found to be an independent determinant of @entity384 % (b = 0.317, P = 0.017). CONCLUSION: This study shows that @entity177 is independently associated with @entity409 in @entity454 @entity1 on @entity298 , suggesting that @entity177 may contribute to endothelial protection in these @entity1 .

title: Reduced @entity177 is associated with @entity409 in XXXX receiving @entity298 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['flow-mediated dilation', 'FMD']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['endothelial dysfunction', 'Endothelial dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity450 :: ('MESH:D006940', 'Disease') :: ['hyperemia']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['RRF', 'residual renal function']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['peritoneal dialysis', 'PD']

entities_list: @entity4288 :: ('MESH:D001161', 'Disease') :: ['arteriosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage renal disease', 'ESRD']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity1318 is a rare, but well-defined primary @entity1208 . Classic therapeutic approaches include botulinum toxin injection, @entity384 , and surgical myotomy of the lower esophageal sphincter. This report summarizes our experience with different treatment modalities for @entity1318 . METHODS: Forty-three @entity1 with @entity1318 treated in our hospital were subdivided according to therapeutic strategy: endoscopic botulinum toxin injection into the lower esophageal sphincter (EBTI; n   =   7), endoscopic @entity384 ( @entity384 ; n   =   16), surgical myotomy after failed @entity384 ( @entity384 -HM; n   =   14), and first-line surgical myotomy (HM; n   =   6). Therapeutic efficiency was evaluated comparing standardized symptom scores preoperatively and at follow-up. RESULTS: There was no mortality and no significant difference between the groups for age, sex, or morbidity. The mean follow-up was at 9, 35, 38, and 17 months. At follow-up, recurrent or persistent symptoms were found in 71.4%, 6.3%, 35.7%, and 16.7% in EBTI, @entity384 , @entity384 -HM, and HM, respectively. Considering @entity384 -HM @entity1 as failures of esophageal dilation, the total rate of recurrent or persistent symptoms after @entity384 was 50%. Poor symptomatic outcome was correlated to a low esophageal sphincter pressure during pretherapeutic manometry (p   =   0.03) and to sigmoid-shaped esophageal dilatation (p   =   0.06). CONCLUSION: @entity954 is the most reliable first-line therapy for @entity1318 , particularly in @entity1 with a high sphincter pressure and moderate esophageal dilatation. Botox injection has a high failure rate and should be reserved for exceptional cases. @entity384 provides about 50% of @entity1 with long-term symptomatic relief; in most cases, failure can be successfully treated surgically.

title: Botox, dilation, or myotomy? Clinical outcome of interventional and surgical therapies for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1318 :: ('MESH:D004931', 'Disease') :: ['achalasia', 'Achalasia']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal balloon dilation', 'balloon dilation', 'EBD', 'Endoscopic dilation']

entities_list: @entity1208 :: ('MESH:D004935', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal motor disorder']

entities_list: @entity954 :: ('MESH:D016063', 'Disease') :: ['Surgical myotomy']

answer: @entity1318 :: (MESH:D004931,Disease) :: ['achalasia']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Aims of this controlled study were to determine the effects of activated @entity1 platelet-rich plasmas (PRPs) on early and mature bone formation in vivo, and to characterize the effect of @entity3669 activation on growth factors release and endothelial cell division in vitro. MATERIAL AND METHODS: PRPs were prepared from four volunteers with the platelet concentrate collector system (PCCS) system and activated with three concentrations of @entity460 and thrombin. Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB, @entity7 ( @entity7 ), @entity2533 ( @entity2533 ) and @entity1356 ( @entity1356 ) levels released in supernatants were measured by ELISA, at time 0, 1h, 24h and 6 days following @entity3669 activation. Mitogenic potential of @entity3669 supernatants were tested on endothelial cells in vitro, and the effects of activated @entity1 PRPs on bone formation in vivo were measured in athymic @entity35 by micro-CT analyses. RESULTS: Activation of PRPs with @entity460 and thrombin triggered an immediate release of @entity7 , PDGF-BB and @entity2533 and a delayed release of @entity1356 in @entity3669 supernatants. Higher endothelial cell division was observed with supernatants from activated PRPs than from non-activated PRPs. Positive correlations were observed between @entity7 levels and endothelial cell division and bone formation. A negative correlation was also found between PDGF-BB concentration and bone formation. However, early and mature bone formations with activated PRPs did not significantly differ from the ones obtained in the control group. CONCLUSIONS: Activation of PRPs with @entity460 and thrombin regulates growth factors release and endothelial cell division in vitro. However, activated PRPs does not improve the early or mature bone formations in vivo in this athymic @entity35 model.

title: Activation of XXXX platelet-rich plasmas: effect on growth factors release, cell division and in vivo bone formation.

entities_list: @entity7 :: ('7422', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor', 'VEGF']

entities_list: @entity1356 :: ('3553', 'Gene') :: ['interleukin-1beta', 'IL-1beta']

entities_list: @entity2533 :: ('7040', 'Gene') :: ['transforming growth factor beta', 'TGF-beta']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: There are individual differences in the effects of @entity2727 ( @entity7541 ), a @entity935 (DA) transport inhibitor, on appetite in @entity1 with @entity71 ( @entity71 ). One potential moderating factor is variation in brain DA activity, which is influenced by @entity935 -related genes: the @entity7712 ( @entity7712 ) ( @entity7712 ), the DA D2 receptor ( @entity1633 ), and the @entity4131 ( @entity4131 ) genes. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between @entity935 -related gene polymorphisms and food consumption in @entity71 @entity1 receiving varying doses of @entity7541 . METHODS: In a randomized, within-subject, double-blind design, 58 @entity71 @entity1 (ages 6-12 years) received placebo, 0.15, 0.3, or 0.6 mg/kg of @entity7541 three times daily over 9 weeks. Observations of percent lunch consumed as a function of @entity935 -related genotypes and @entity7541 dose were analyzed using mixed effects regression models. RESULTS: A significant dose-response reduction in eating was observed across all genotypes (p < 0.001). There was an interaction of @entity7712 @entity7712 and @entity1633 genotypes and dose, because 9/9 @entity7712 @entity1 showed a stronger effect of dose when compared with the 9/10 and 10/10 @entity1 (p < 0.001) and @entity1633 A2/A2 @entity1 showed a stronger effect of dose when compared with A1/A1 and A1/A2 @entity1 combined (p = 0.007). There was no significant interaction of dose by @entity4131 genotype. CONCLUSIONS: Lunch consumption decreased as a function of @entity7541 dose. DA-related genotypes associated with greater brain DA signaling moderated the influence of drug on consumption. These results provide information relevant to predicting which @entity1 are likely to experience the greatest appetite suppression when taking @entity7541 .

title: @entity935 -related genotypes and the dose-response effect of @entity2727 on eating in XXXX youths.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity71 :: ('MESH:D001289', 'Disease') :: ['attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder', 'ADHD']

entities_list: @entity2727 :: ('MESH:D008774', 'Chemical') :: ['methylphenidate']

answer: @entity71 :: (MESH:D001289,Disease) :: ['attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder']


abstract: The purpose of this investigation was to determine the efficacy of @entity12022 for temporary relief of toothache. The agent used is available at drug counters; it contains 7.5 percent @entity12022 in @entity2771 and has the form of a gel. The study was double blind. The agent and a placebo were provided by the manufacturer in an equal number of randomly numbered but otherwise unlabeled tubes. Forty-nine @entity1 (twenty-five males and twenty-four females) with throbbing @entity158 resulting from dental caries were included in the study. The mean age was 25.6 years for @entity1 receiving the drug and 26.7 years for @entity1 receiving the placebo. Of the twenty-four @entity1 who received the active agent, twenty (83 percent) were relieved of @entity158 . The average time for onset of relief was 3.7 minutes. In the placebo group, only four @entity1 (16 percent) were relieved of @entity158 . When the chi-square test is used, the difference is statistically significant at the 0.01 level. No adverse reaction to the agents used was observed.

title: Efficacy of using XXXX for temporary relief of toothache.

entities_list: @entity2771 :: ('MESH:D019946', 'Chemical') :: ['propylene glycol']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity12022 :: ('MESH:D001566', 'Chemical') :: ['benzocaine']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['toothache pain', 'pain']

answer: @entity12022 :: (MESH:D001566,Chemical) :: ['benzocaine']


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of different intraocular lenses (IOLs) on lens epithelial cells (LECs) and on @entity1 capsular bags in vitro and to evaluate the transferability of this model to clinical situations. METHODS: Sham @entity231 surgery, including IOL-into-the-bag implantation, was performed on 38 donor eyes after @entity267 . The capsular bag including the IOL was removed, pinned on a culture dish, covered with medium, and incubated. Two different IOLs were compared per pair of donor eyes. In each pair of donor eyes, the two different IOLs to be compared were implanted individually into capsular bags. The time required for complete coverage of the posterior capsule by a confluent monolayer of LECs was documented. The following IOLs were compared: three-piece acrylic IOLs of different sizes and single-piece polymethylmethacrylate ( @entity4625 ) versus acrylic IOLs. RESULTS: A complete monolayer of LECs on the posterior capsule was observed to form at times varying from 8 days ( @entity4625 IOLs) to more than 60 days (three-piece hydrophobic acrylic IOLs). A significant difference between @entity4625 IOLs and hydrophobic acrylic IOLs was found. CONCLUSIONS: The @entity1 capsular bag model employed allows short-term evaluation of secondary @entity231 formation for different IOLs. This model's correlation with clinical results is good.

title: Evaluation of a XXXX capsular bag model for secondary @entity231 determination after intraocular lens implantation.

entities_list: @entity267 :: ('MESH:D065306', 'Disease') :: ['removal of the cornea']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Most @entity1 with @entity1375 require an increase in their dose of @entity1955 ( @entity2016 ) after conception. To minimize fetal and maternal complications of @entity1375 , it is thought that @entity1 should be rapidly restored to the euthyroid state. The objectives of this study was to determine the percentage of @entity1375 @entity1 who would need to increase their dose of @entity2016 dose even if they had a preconception (pre-C) serum thyrotropin (TSH) of <2.5 mIU/L as recommended by the Endocrine Society's guidelines and to ascertain whether there was a relationship between the pre-C TSH value and the need to increase the @entity2016 dose during pregnancy. METHODS: Fifty-three pregnant @entity1 with @entity1375 on @entity2016 treatment in whom the pre-C serum TSH was <2.5 mIU/L, but which was within the normal range, within the 6 months before pregnancy were retrospectively studied. An additional selection criterion was that their @entity2016 dose at the time of their first prenatal visit was the same as that received pre-C. RESULTS: Seventeen @entity1 had to increase their @entity2016 dose during pregnancy, because their serum TSH was increased at the time of the first prenatal visit (Group 1); and 36 @entity1 did not have to increase their dose of @entity2016 during pregnancy (Group 2). The pre-C TSH was significantly higher in Group 1 (1.55    0.62 mIU/L) than in Group 2 (0.98    0.67 mIU/L). When pre-C TSH range was 1.2-2.4 mIU/L, 50% of the @entity1 required an increase in the @entity2016 dose during pregnancy. In contrast, when the pre-C TSH was <1.2 mIU/L, only 17.2% (p< 0.02) had to increase the @entity2016 dose during pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS: We suggest that in @entity1 with @entity1375 who are planning to become pregnant, serum TSH levels should be in the normal range but should not be greater than about 1.2 mIU/mL.

title: The relationship of preconception thyrotropin levels to requirements for increasing the @entity1955 dose during pregnancy in XXXX with @entity1375 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1375 :: ('MESH:D007037', 'Disease') :: ['maternal hypothyroidism', 'hypothyroidism', 'hypothyroid']

entities_list: @entity1955 :: ('MESH:D013974', 'Chemical') :: ['levothyroxine']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: The different @entity2315 ( @entity2315 ) manifest with a wide spectrum of clinical presentations. Most of these disorders are typically diagnosed early in life, due to the severity of the associated phenotypes. However, it is important to appreciate that some of the @entity2315 present later in adolescence or adulthood. The diverse findings triggering the initial diagnosis, as well as the range of manifestations arising later during the disease course, contribute to the complexity of these issues. Clinical presentations occurring at a more advanced age, especially @entity146 and behavioral manifestations, can be overlooked or misdiagnosed. This review describes different @entity146 and behavioral manifestations encountered in individuals with @entity2315 , including @entity716 , @entity161 , @entity1316 , @entity146 , early-onset @entity303 , @entity9054 . Twelve different disorders are presented, including descriptions of their associated biochemical abnormalities, clinical presentations, pathology, epidemiology, and genetics. In addition, discussions of neurocognitive, behavioral, and @entity146 findings are outlined for @entity74 . A greater awareness of these features may help to reduce missed diagnoses, to avoid unnecessary, invasive and expensive testing, and to facilitate an earlier detection of these rare disorders. Earlier diagnosis can enable the implementation of appropriate interventions and improve genetic counseling.

title: Psychiatric and behavioral manifestations of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2315 :: ('MESH:D016464', 'Disease') :: ['lysosomal storage disorders', 'LSDs']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric', 'aggressiveness']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity1316 :: ('MESH:D019964', 'Disease') :: ['mood disorders']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychosis']

entities_list: @entity9054 :: ('MESH:D019955', 'Disease') :: ['and conduct disorder']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['each disorder']

answer: @entity2315 :: (MESH:D016464,Disease) :: ['lysosomal storage disorders']


abstract: Early diagnosis of @entity309 followed by early initiation of treatment, prevent the destruction of joints and progression to disability in the majority of @entity1 . A traditional X-ray fails to capture early inflammatory changes, while late changes (e.g. @entity2681 ) appear after a significant delay, once 20-30% of bone mass has been lost. Sonography and magnetic resonance imaging studies have shown that @entity2681 are seen in the first 3 months from the appearance of symptoms in 10-26% of @entity1 , while in 75% they are seen in the first 2 years of the disease. Power Doppler ultrasound and dynamic magnetic resonance studies allow for qualitative, semiquantitative and quantitative monitoring of the vascularization of the synovium. In addition, magnetic resonance enables assessment of the bone marrow. The ultrasonographic examination using a state-of-the-art apparatus with a high-frequency probe allows for images with great spatial resolution and for the visualization of soft tissues and bone surfaces. However, the changes seen in ultrasonography (synovial pathologies, the presence of exudate, tendons changes, cartilage and @entity79 , pathologies of @entity924 attachments and ligaments - enthesopathies) are not only specific for @entity309 and occur in other @entity627 . Qualitative methods are sufficient for diagnosing the disease through ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging. Whereas semiquantitative and quantitative scales serve to monitor the disease course - efficacy of conservative treatment and qualification for radioisotope synovectomy or surgical synovectomy - and to assess treatment efficacy.

title: The pathogenesis of XXXX in radiological studies. Part II: Imaging studies in @entity309 .

entities_list: @entity627 :: ('MESH:D012216', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatic diseases']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone lesions']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']

answer: @entity309 :: (MESH:D001172,Disease) :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The authors investigated the effectiveness of conservative (repositioning therapy with or without physical therapy) and helmet therapy, and identified factors associated with treatment failure. METHODS: A total of 4378 @entity1 evaluated for @entity12832 and/or deformational @entity91 were assigned to conservative (repositioning therapy, n = 383; repositioning therapy plus physical therapy, n = 2998) or helmet therapy (n = 997). @entity1 were followed until complete correction (diagonal difference <5 mm and/or cranial ratio <0.85) or 18 months. Rates of correction were calculated, and independent risk factors for failure were identified by multivariate analysis. RESULTS: Complete correction was achieved in 77.1 percent of conservative treatment @entity1 ; 15.8 percent required transition to helmet therapy (n = 534), and 7.1 percent ultimately had incomplete correction. Risk factors for failure included poor compliance (relative risk, 2.40; p = 0.009), advanced age (relative risk, 1.20 to 2.08; p = 0.008), prolonged torticollis (relative risk, 1.12 to 1.74; p = 0.002), @entity245 (relative risk, 1.44; p = 0.042), and severity of the initial cranial ratio (relative risk, 1.41 to 1.64; p = 0.044) and diagonal difference (relative risk, 1.31 to 1.48; p = 0.027). Complete correction was achieved in 94.4 percent of @entity1 treated with helmet therapy as first-line therapy and in 96.1 percent of @entity1 who received helmets after failed conservative therapy (p = 0.375). Risk factors for helmet failure included poor compliance (relative risk, 2.42; p = 0.025) and advanced age (relative risk, 1.13 to 3.08; p = 0.011). CONCLUSIONS: Conservative therapy and helmet therapy are effective for positional @entity85 . Treatment may be guided by @entity1 -specific risk factors. In most @entity1 , delaying helmet therapy for a trial of conservative treatment does not preclude complete correction. CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic, III.

title: Effectiveness of conservative therapy and helmet therapy for positional XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity12832 :: ('MESH:D049068', 'Disease') :: ['deformational plagiocephaly']

entities_list: @entity245 :: ('MESH:D002658', 'Disease') :: ['developmental delay']

entities_list: @entity91 :: ('MESH:D003398', 'Disease') :: ['brachycephaly']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['cranial deformation']

answer: @entity85 :: (MESH:D009140,Disease) :: ['cranial deformation']


abstract: Somatic defects in the mismatch repair system constitute an important pathway in @entity14 . We have examined the expression of mismatch repair proteins in sporadic stage IV @entity14 and their derived @entity3 . @entity5 were further examined for differences in expression between the @entity5 transition zone and the invasive front. Expression of @entity4311 , @entity6756 , and @entity14437 was screened immunohistochemically in 92 stage IV @entity5 and derived liver @entity3 . In cases with loss of mismatch repair protein expression, lymph node @entity3 were also examined. Clinicopathological parameters and Ki-67 staining indexes were evaluated and compared. Four @entity5 displayed a complete loss of @entity6756 / @entity14437 expression at the transition zone; however, three of these expressed both proteins at the invasive front and in liver and lymph node @entity3 . A further four were predominantly @entity6756 / @entity14437 negative at the transition zone, but with distinct subclones of @entity6756 / @entity14437 -expressing cells at the transition zone. All of these @entity5 expressed @entity6756 / @entity14437 at the invasive front and in liver @entity3 , with three also expressing hMLH/ @entity14437 in lymph node @entity3 . No significant difference in the proliferative index was observed for the @entity6756 / @entity14437 -compromised group. In stage IV @entity5 re-expression of @entity6756 / @entity14437 occurred, leading to different patterns of expression within the @entity5 and between @entity5 and @entity3 . This may have functional importance for the chemosensitivity of @entity3 compared to the @entity5 .

title: Differential expression of @entity6756 in sporadic human @entity14 and distant XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Sporadic tumors', 'primary tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal carcinogenesis', 'colorectal tumors']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['metastases']


abstract: Characteristics of growth hormone (GH), @entity10850 , and IGF-binding proteins (IGFBP) were studied in gilts sampled from lines of @entity1707 selected for either fast (line F, n = 14) or slow (line S, n = 14) postweaning ADG. Repeated blood samples were obtained from gilts (approximately 55 kg BW) during a period of feed deprivation and again during refeeding. Averaged across time, the difference in mean plasma GH concentrations of F and S gilts was not significant (7.7 vs 6.4 ng/mL; P > .20) during feed deprivation, and frequently, height, and amplitude of GH pulses did not differ (P > .25) for F and S @entity1707 . Overall, F gilts had greater concentrations of plasma @entity10850 than S gilts during feed deprivation (217.3 vs 145.1 ng/mL; P < .03). Across line, plasma @entity10850 decreased (P < .01) during feed deprivation. Average GH did not differ (P > .40) for F and S gilts during the refeeding period. Average plasma @entity10850 tended (P = .05) to be greater in F gilts than in S gilts during refeeding. Consistent with changes over time during feed deprivation, plasma @entity10850 averaged across line increased (P < .01) in response to refeeding. Averaged across time (0 and 48 h refeeding), activity of @entity10851 (singlet band at 34 kDa) did not differ significantly (P = .17) in F and S gilts. However, there was a tendency (P = .13) for a line x time interaction.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Plasma growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor I, and insulin-like growth factor binding proteins in XXXX with divergent genetic merit for postweaning average daily gain.

answer: @entity1707 :: (9823,Species) :: ['pigs']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The closure of post extraction @entity9566 has not been studied in depth, although their achievement is of great importance in certain situations, such as prior to radiotherapy treatment in @entity1 with @entity5 . The aim of this study is to assess the influence of bone substitutes on the time of closure of post extraction @entity9566 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: 22 @entity1 underwent two symmetrical dental extractions. Using a @entity2133 model, with random assignment to one or other group, one was considered a control group (no filling with any type of material post extraction), whereas the other was considered the experimental group (filling with bone substitute and @entity77 post extraction). Gingival closure and healing were assessed in the first group at 2, 3, 4 and 6 weeks after extraction. RESULTS: No differences were seen between both groups in @entity2522 . Gingival closure was greater and faster in the experimental group than in the control group, and was statistically significant in the first and second week after extraction (1st week, control: 19.63 mm(2) +/- 2.52--experimental: 11.76 mm(2) +/- 2.40 - p < 0.05) (2nd week, control: 15.09 mm(2) +/- 2.77--experimental: 7.98 mm(2) +/- 1.99 - p < 0.05), although these differences evened out during subsequent periods. No medical accidents were seen and tolerance to treatment was good in both groups. DISCUSSION: According to our data, the use of filling material allows a faster initial gingival closure of the socket post extraction. However, we must assess the cost of intervention, with the aim of applying it in situations in which it may be of significant advantage (for example, @entity1 that will undergo radiotherapy treatment), or in cases in which the use of these materials is justified due to other reasons in addition to the one mentioned (such as maintenance of bone crest architecture for implant restoration).

title: Prospective assessment of post-extraction gingival closure with bone substitute and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity9566 :: ('MESH:D005882', 'Disease') :: ['gingival defects']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['oral cancer']

entities_list: @entity2133 :: ('MESH:D014987', 'Disease') :: ['split mouth']

entities_list: @entity2522 :: ('MESH:D005891', 'Disease') :: ['gingival health']

entities_list: @entity77 :: ('MESH:D002133', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium sulphate']

answer: @entity77 :: (MESH:D002133,Chemical) :: ['calcium sulphate']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Whole body periodic acceleration (pGz), the repetitive, head-foot sinusoidal motion of the body, increases pulsatile shear stress on the vascular endothelium producing increased release of endothelial derived @entity842 (eNO) into circulation. Based upon prior CPR investigations, we hypothesized that pGz instituted prior to and during @entity548 ( @entity548 ) should improve survival. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixteen anesthetized male @entity1707 , 23    5 kg, were randomized to receive 1 h pGz or no pGz (CONT) prior to and during severe controlled graded @entity548 up to 2-1/2 h. @entity548 was induced by removing blood at 10 mL/kg increments from the circulation at 30-min intervals up to a maximum @entity190 of 50 mL/kg. Thirty minutes after maximum @entity190 , shed blood and lactated Ringers solution was infused intravenously. RESULTS: All animals survived up to 30 mL/kg @entity190 . Survival and return to normal blood pressure to 120 min was achieved in 50% of animals receiving pGz compared with none in CONT. Cardiac output, blood pressure, and @entity26 delivery decreased equally in both groups but @entity26 consumption was significantly lower with pGz than CONT during all @entity548 time points. @entity450 ( @entity450 ) was preserved in brain, heart, kidneys, ileum, and stomach in both groups up to 40 mL/kg of @entity190 . After 40 mL/kg @entity190 , @entity450 was much better preserved in pGz than CONT. CONCLUSIONS: pGz applied 1 h prior to and during severe graded @entity548 delays onset of @entity1457 , enabling potential restoration of @entity190 and survival.

title: Whole body periodic acceleration (pGz) improves survival and allows for resuscitation in a model of severe XXXX in @entity1707 .

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage', 'hemorrhagic shock', 'HS']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity1457 :: ('MESH:D012769', 'Disease') :: ['irreversible shock']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity450 :: ('MESH:D006940', 'Disease') :: ['RBF', 'Regional blood flow']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

answer: @entity548 :: (MESH:D006470,Disease) :: ['hemorrhagic shock']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Drug shops are usually the first source of care for febrile @entity1 in Uganda although the quality of care they provide is known to be poor. Within a larger quasi-experimental study introducing the WHO/UNICEF recommended integrated community case management (iCCM) of @entity311 , @entity55 and @entity294 intervention for community health workers in registered drug shops, the level of adherence to clinical protocols by drug sellers was determined. METHODS: All drug shops (N  =  44) in the intervention area were included and all @entity1 visits (N  =  7,667) from October 2011-June 2012 to the participating drug shops were analysed. Drug shops maintained a standard iCCM register where they recorded the @entity1 seen, their symptoms, diagnostic test performed, treatments given and actions taken. The proportion of @entity1 correctly assessed and treated was determined from the registers. RESULTS: Malaria management: 6,140 of 7,667 (80.1%) total visits to drug shops were of @entity1 with @entity221 . 5986 (97.5%) @entity1 with @entity221 received a @entity311 @entity1062 ( @entity1062 ) and the @entity1062 positivity rate was 78% (95% CI 77-79). 4,961/5,307 (93.4%) @entity1 with a positive @entity1062 received @entity507 combination therapy. Pneumonia management: after respiratory rate assessment of @entity1 with cough and fast/difficult breathing, 3,437 (44.8%) were categorized as " @entity55 ", 3,126 (91.0%) of whom received the recommended drug- @entity115 . @entity294 management: 2,335 (30.5%) @entity1 visits were for @entity294 with 2,068 (88.6%) correctly treated with oral rehydration salts and @entity5937 . Dual/Triple classification: 2,387 (31.1%) @entity1 had both @entity311 and @entity55 and 664 (8.7%) were classified as having three illnesses. Over 90% of the @entity1 with dual or triple classification were treated appropriately. Meanwhile, 381 @entity1 were categorized as severely sick (with a danger sign) with 309 (81.1%) of them referred for appropriate management. CONCLUSION: With the introduction of the iCCM intervention at drug shops in Eastern Uganda, it was possible to achieve high adherence to the treatment protocols, which is likely compatible with increased quality of care.

title: Drug seller adherence to clinical protocols with integrated management of @entity311 , XXXX and @entity294 at drug shops in Uganda.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'child']

entities_list: @entity115 :: ('MESH:D000658', 'Chemical') :: ['amoxicillin']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhoea', 'Diarrhoea']

entities_list: @entity1062 :: ('MESH:D013736', 'Disease') :: ['RDT', 'rapid diagnostic test']

entities_list: @entity507 :: ('MESH:C031327', 'Chemical') :: ['artemisinin']

entities_list: @entity5937 :: ('CHEBI:35176', 'Chemical') :: ['zinc sulphate']

answer: @entity55 :: (MESH:D011014,Disease) :: ['pneumonia']


abstract: @entity1 with @entity1893 ( @entity1893 ) respond well to chemotherapy but frequently relapse and progress with conversion to more aggressive @entity706 . In a prior @entity5 and @entity1778 Group B (CALGB) trial, oral @entity786 , given as a single agent, was found to be equivalent to a five-drug regimen in remission induction in @entity1 with follicular @entity1893 who had not received prior chemotherapy. Recently, interferon alfa-2b (Intron A; Schering Plough) has been demonstrated to elicit complete or partial responses in up to 50% of @entity1 with nodular @entity1893 who had received prior chemotherapy. In the current CALGB pilot trial, oral @entity786 (100 mg/m2 daily) combined with interferon alfa-2b (2 X 10(6) IU/m2 s.c. on alternate days) is being evaluated, both in previously treated and untreated @entity1 with stage III or @entity1893 , for @entity137 , safety and efficacy in remission induction. A total of 68 @entity1 have been entered into this study. Four @entity1 are ineligible on pathology review, and 60 have on-study data currently available. Forty-one (60%) had not received prior chemotherapy and 19 (32%) had previously received some form of chemotherapy. @entity1431 was found to be the single, most common @entity137 experienced by all @entity1 . Previously untreated @entity1 experienced @entity1431 of less than 2,000 WBC/microliter at a significantly higher rate (53% versus 14%) than a similar @entity1 population receiving oral @entity786 as a single agent in the prior CALGB trial. @entity1431 was found to be promptly reversible, however, by dose suspension or adjustment, and other @entity137 were demonstrated to be mild and tolerable.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Combination trial of subcutaneous interferon alfa-2b and oral @entity786 in favorable histology, XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['histology lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cancer']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity1431 :: ('MESH:D007970', 'Disease') :: ['leukopenia', 'Leukopenia']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ["follicular non-Hodgkin's lymphoma", 'NHL', 'IV follicular NHL']

answer: @entity1893 :: (MESH:D008228,Disease) :: ['non-Hodgkin's lymphoma']


abstract: PURPOSE: We reviewed the clinical data of @entity3930 diagnosed as @entity2953 with the aim of revealing its clinical features. @entity1 AND METHODS: In a total number of 414 males diagnosed as having acute @entity6369 transmitted by sexual activities between January and December in 2000, clinical data were collected and analyzed. In addition, questionnaire concerning the awareness of pharyngeal @entity281 was obtained. RESULTS: Their ages ranged from 16 to 60 years with a mean of 31 years. The source of @entity281 was a commercial sexual worker (CSW) in 288 (69.6%) out of 414 cases. In 241 cases in whom an @entity281 route was determined, 199 cases (82.6%) were considered to have an @entity281 through oral sex. Microbiological examinations isolated Neisseria @entity2954 alone in 206 (49.8%), @entity1047 tracomatis alone in 47 (11.3%) and both in 46 (11.1%) cases. In our study, 57.5% and 20.8% of Neisseria @entity2954 strains were resistant to @entity114 and new @entity5176 , respectively. Based on questionnaire, 174 (57.8%) out of 301 cases were not aware of possible @entity281 from the pharynx through oral sex. CONCLUSION: The remarkable prevalence of @entity2954 might be in part due to the lacking of awareness of @entity281 through oral sex and sexual activities without a condom. Instruction on the prevention as well as the actual situation of @entity6369 is needed for general population with a broad age spectrum. The appropriate use of antimicrobial agents with sufficient susceptibility and less inductivity of drug-resistance is also of clinical importance.

title: [The clinical evaluation of 414 cases of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity6369 :: ('MESH:D014526', 'Disease') :: ['urethritis']

entities_list: @entity3930 :: ('MESH:D005834', 'Disease') :: ['male urethritis']

entities_list: @entity2954 :: ('MESH:D006069', 'Disease') :: ['gonorrhea', 'gonococcal urethritis']

entities_list: @entity2953 :: ('MESH:D012749', 'Disease') :: ['sexually transmitted disease']

entities_list: @entity5176 :: ('MESH:D015363', 'Chemical') :: ['quinolones']

entities_list: @entity114 :: ('MESH:D010406', 'Chemical') :: ['penicillin']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity1047 :: ('MESH:D002690', 'Disease') :: ['Chlamydia']

answer: @entity3930 :: (MESH:D005834,Disease) :: ['male urethritis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Functional disability, the loss of ability to carry out daily tasks unaided, is a major adverse outcome more common with increasing age. The potential contribution of neuropathological changes in subcortical areas of the brain associated with normal ageing may be a contributing factor to this loss of function. This study investigates the clinicopathological relationship between functional ability during life and pathological correlates identified at post mortem in an UK population of older @entity1 (66-102 years).The aim is to examine the clinicopathological correlates of @entity717 in subcortical neuronal populations of non-demented elderly individuals. METHODS: 156 non-demented @entity1 in the brain donation programme of the Medical Research Council Cognitive Function and Ageing Study (MRC-CFAS) were included in this study. Neuropathological examination was based on the CERAD protocol; pathologies of interest were amyloid plaques, @entity3072 , Lewy bodies, @entity455 and @entity528 . Self-reported functional ability was scored according to a combined activities of daily living and instrumental activities of daily living scale. RESULTS: Functional disability was equally common in @entity1 and @entity1 over 65 years, and in both @entity717 was more common at older ages. @entity528 in several subcortical regions elevated the risk of @entity717 by three-fold (95% CI 1.3-6.6). There was evidence for a relationship between Lewy bodies in the SN and @entity717 . CONCLUSION: @entity528 in subcortical regions is associated with @entity717 in the older population. The causal relationships are not defined and require further investigation.

title: Lewy bodies and XXXX in subcortical areas and disability in non-demented older @entity1 : a population based neuropathological cohort study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'people', 'men']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular disease']

entities_list: @entity3072 :: ('MESH:C536599', 'Disease') :: ['neurofibrillary tangles']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['sexes disability', 'functional disability']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['neuronal loss', 'Neuronal loss']

answer: @entity528 :: (MESH:D009410,Disease) :: ['neuronal loss']


abstract: The purposes of this study were to compare fibrinolytic responses to moderate intensity exercise in physically active and inactive @entity1 and during morning and evening exercise. Fourteen physically inactive @entity1 (mean age, 34.7 +/- 4.0 years) and 12 regularly active @entity1 (34.8 +/- 4.0 years) performed two exercise sessions, morning and evening, at 50% of maximal @entity26 consumption. @entity1456 (TPA) and @entity2289 ( @entity2289 ) activity were measured before and after exercise. Data were analyzed using a three-way ANOVA with repeated measures. TPA activity increased with exercise in both groups, although the active group demonstrated greater increases than the inactive group. Postexercise TPA activity was greater with evening than morning exercise. The inactive group exhibited greater @entity2289 activity than the active group. @entity2289 activity was higher during the morning than evening but did not change with exercise for either group. We conclude that moderate intensity exercise increases TPA activity in physically active and inactive @entity1 , with greater increases seen in active @entity1 , particularly during evening exercise. Moderate intensity exercise does not appear to affect @entity2289 activity. The lower @entity2289 activity in active @entity1 may be one mechanism whereby regular physical activity lowers the risk for @entity453 .

title: Fibrinolytic responses to moderate intensity exercise. Comparison of physically active and inactive XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2289 :: ('5054', 'Gene') :: ['plasminogen activator inhibitor-1', 'PAI-1']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity1456 :: ('100128998', 'Gene') :: ['Tissue plasminogen activator']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['men']


abstract: Although @entity130 is frequently accompanied by @entity296 ; this later is often oversighted at early stages of @entity130 and misdiagnosed by the time complications are present. @entity296 have been attributed to a reduction of cardiac flow. @entity1242 and @entity3763 , both agents with a known vasodilator effect on coronary arteries, might improve @entity741 resulting from traumatic contusion. In order to compare safety and efficacy between two @entity3362 and placebo on @entity296 resulting from @entity130 , we carried out a comparative, prospective, single blind study. Subjects were randomly allocated to one of the following 3 groups: a) transdermal @entity1242 , b) @entity3763 and c) placebo. Medication was dispensed for five days. Major endpoint were electrocardiographic abnormalities at entry and their final modifications. Other were severity injury score and myocardial enzyme levels. Twelve @entity1 were included in each group. Four measured enzymes were high at entry, but MB fraction in the @entity1242 group showed the most rapid normalization. @entity908 phosphokinase and lactic dehydrogenase significantly correlated with severity injury index, but not MB fraction. Electrocardiographic normalization was mainly observed in the @entity1242 group. Transdermal @entity1242 systems demonstrated to be effective on recovering from electrocardiographic abnormalities resulting of @entity296 .

title: [An evaluation of the efficacy of @entity3362 (transdermal and peroral) in the management of the @entity1 with a XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial contusion', 'myocardial injury', 'Myocardial abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity3763 :: ('MESH:D007548', 'Chemical') :: ['isosorbide dinitrate']

entities_list: @entity1242 :: ('MESH:D005996', 'Chemical') :: ['Nitroglycerin', 'nitroglycerin']

entities_list: @entity3362 :: ('MESH:D009566', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrates']

entities_list: @entity908 :: ('MESH:D003401', 'Chemical') :: ['Creatine']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial ischemic']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['trauma', 'thoracic trauma']

answer: @entity296 :: (MESH:D009202,Disease) :: ['myocardial contusion']


abstract: A novel point mutation in the lysosomal acid sphingomyelinase gene has been identified in the recently reported Serbian family with a clinically and biochemically atypical intermediate form of @entity8706 . The mutation was a @entity20826 transversion resulting in substitution of @entity2228 for normal @entity2340 at @entity535 residue 391. The coding sequence was otherwise normal. All of the five affected individuals were almost certainly homoallelic, and both of the two obligate heterozygotes studied also carried the same mutation. This mutation is therefore likely to be directly associated with the atypical phenotype of these @entity1 . Expression in COS-1 cells suggested a higher residual activity than that in cultured fibroblasts. A recently developed high-affinity rabbit antihuman sphingomyelinase antibody allowed us to study for the first time the biosynthesis, processing, and targeting of a mutant sphingomyelinase by metabolic labeling of cultured fibroblasts. The mutant enzyme protein was normally synthesized, processed, and routed to the lysosome but was apparently unstable and degraded rapidly once it reached the lysosome. Together with the finding of the relatively high residual activity in COS-1 cells, we interpret our observations to mean that instability and rapid breakdown of the mature mutant enzyme protein, due to the mutation rather than direct inactivation of the catalytic activity, is the primary mechanism for the @entity8705 in these @entity1 . A high prevalence of this mutation in the Serbian population is likely, since the family pedigree indicates that members from four reportedly unrelated families must have contributed the same mutation.

title: Molecular analysis of the acid @entity8705 in a family with an intermediate form of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2228 :: ('CHEBI:57305', 'Chemical') :: ['glycine']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity8705 :: ('MESH:D052536', 'Disease') :: ['deficiency of sphingomyelinase activity']

entities_list: @entity2340 :: ('CHEBI:27897', 'Chemical') :: ['tryptophan']

entities_list: @entity8706 :: ('MESH:D009542', 'Disease') :: ['Niemann-Pick disease']

answer: @entity8706 :: (MESH:D009542,Disease) :: ['Niemann-Pick disease']


abstract: @entity3633 (PE) is an important membrane component for supporting activated protein C anticoagulant activity but has little influence on prothrombin activation. This difference constitutes a potential mechanism for selective inhibition of the protein C anticoagulant pathway by lupus anticoagulants and/or antiphospholipid antibodies. In this study, we demonstrate that the presence of PE augments @entity4555 . In the plasma of some @entity1 with lupus anticoagulants, activated protein C anticoagulant activity is more potently inhibited than prothrombin activation. As a result, in the presence of activated protein C and PE, these @entity1 plasmas clot faster than normal plasma. @entity1 with minimal @entity4555 are identified whose plasma potently inhibits activated protein C anticoagulant activity. This process is also PE dependent. In three @entity1 plasmas, these phenomena are shown to be due to immunoglobulins. The PE requirement in the expression of activated protein C anticoagulant activity and the @entity734 of some antiphospholipid antibodies provide a mechanistic basis for the selective inhibition of the protein C pathway. Inhibition of activated protein C function may be a common mechanism contributing to increased thrombotic risk in certain patients with antiphospholipid antibodies.

title: On the role of XXXX in the inhibition of activated protein C activity by antiphospholipid antibodies.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3633 :: ('MESH:C483858', 'Chemical') :: ['Phosphatidylethanolamine']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['PE dependence']

entities_list: @entity4555 :: ('MESH:C531622', 'Disease') :: ['lupus anticoagulant activity']

answer: @entity3633 :: (MESH:C483858,Chemical) :: ['phosphatidylethanolamine']


abstract: The authors report 235 cases of @entity16 at the elbow. The treatment was simple decompression in 115 cases and anterior transposition in 120 cases. @entity1 were affected 3 times as often as @entity1 . The average age of presentation was 54.5 years. The nondominant arm was involved more frequently. The etiology of @entity16 was diverse, but one-third of the cases fell into the idiopathic category. @entity1183 and @entity809 were the most common complaints. Examination revealed hypalgesia of the little finger and the medial half of the ring finger, with @entity425 and @entity5653 of the intrinsic muscles of the hand. Electromyography and nerve conduction studies are important for early diagnosis. Young @entity1 with a symptom duration of 1 year or less have a better chance of improvement after the operation. Both simple decompression and anterior transposition result in improvement in 82% of the cases; however, a higher percentage of full recovery was seen in the cases treated by simple decompression. This is explained by the facts that the nerve is not handled and its vital blood supply is left intact.

title: XXXX at the elbow: comparison of simple decompression and anterior transposition.

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['ulnar neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity809 :: ('MESH:D010292', 'Disease') :: ['paresthesia']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['weakness']

answer: @entity16 :: (MESH:D009422,Disease) :: ['Ulnar neuropathy']