abstract: BACKGROUND: The degree of @entity120 is not independently related to the severity of @entity1002 but is frequently associated with @entity854 . The aim of this study was to assess diastolic times at increasing heart rates in normal and in @entity1 with and without abnormal exercise-induced @entity101 ( @entity16679 ). METHODS: We enrolled 109 @entity1 (78 males, age 62    13 years) referred for exercise stress echocardiography and 16 controls. The @entity16679 was derived from the tricuspid Doppler tracing. A cut-off value of @entity16679 >=  50 mmHg at peak stress was considered as indicative of abnormal increase in @entity16679 . Diastolic times and the diastolic/systolic time ratio were recorded by a precordial cutaneous force sensor based on a linear accelerometer. RESULTS: At baseline, @entity16679 was 30    5 mmHg in @entity1 and 25    4 in controls. At peak stress the @entity16679 was normal in 95 @entity1 (Group 1); 14 @entity1 (Group 2) showed an abnormal increase in @entity16679 (from 35    4 to 62    12 mmHg; P < 0.01). At 100 bpm, an abnormal (< 1) diastolic/systolic time ratio was found in 0/16 (0%) controls, in 12/93 (13%) Group 1 and 7/14 (50%) Group 2 @entity1 (p < 0.05 between groups). CONCLUSION: The first and second heart sound vibrations non-invasively monitored by a force sensor are useful for continuously assessing diastolic time during exercise. Exercise-induced abnormal @entity16679 was associated with reduced diastolic time at heart rates beyond 100 beats per minute.

title: Abnormal shortened diastolic time length at increasing heart rates in @entity1 with abnormal exercise-induced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['increase in pulmonary artery pressure']

entities_list: @entity120 :: ('MESH:D006976', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary hypertension']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['diastolic filling abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular systolic dysfunction']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['increase in pulmonary artery pressure']


abstract: We report the mechanistic basis guiding the migration pattern of multiple nuclei in hyphae of @entity21021 . Using electron tomography, we reconstructed the cytoplasmic microtubule (cMT) cytoskeleton in three tip regions with a total of 13 nuclei and also the spindle microtubules of four mitotic nuclei. Each spindle pole body (SPB) nucleates three cMTs and most cMTs above a certain length grow according to their plus-end structure. Long cMTs closely align for several microns along the cortex, presumably marking regions where dynein generates pulling forces on nuclei. Close proximity between cMTs emanating from adjacent nuclei was not observed. The majority of nuclei carry duplicated side-by-side SPBs, which together emanate an average of six cMTs, in most cases in opposite orientation with respect to the @entity851 . Such cMT arrays explain why many nuclei undergo @entity717 . Only occasionally do all six cMTs orient in one direction, a precondition for long-range nuclear bypassing. Following mitosis, daughter nuclei carry a single SPB with three cMTs. The increased probability that all three cMTs orient in one direction explains the high rate of nuclear bypassing observed in these nuclei. The A. gossypii mitotic spindle was found to be structurally similar to that of @entity375 in terms of nuclear microtubule (nMT) number, length distribution and three-dimensional organization even though the two organisms differ significantly in chromosome number. Our results suggest that two nMTs attach to each kinetochore in A. gossypii and not only one nMT like in @entity375 .

title: Electron tomography of the microtubule cytoskeleton in multinucleated hyphae of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['short-range back and forth movements']

entities_list: @entity375 :: ('4932', 'Species') :: ['S. cerevisiae', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae']

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['hyphal growth axis']

entities_list: @entity21021 :: ('33169', 'Species') :: ['Ashbya gossypii']

answer: @entity21021 :: (33169,Species) :: ['Ashbya gossypii']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Islet immunity and beta cell reserve status were utilized to classify @entity1 with @entity1270 as the initial manifestation of @entity6 . The clinical features of the various @entity6 classes were also characterized. DESIGN: Prospective cross sectional study. SETTING: Nelson Mandela Academic Hospital, Mthatha, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. @entity1 : Indigenous Black South Africans with @entity1270 as the initial manifestation of @entity6 . INTERVENTIONS: Islet immunity and beta cell reserve were respectively assessed using serum anti- @entity367 decarboxylase 65 (GAD) antibody and serum C-peptide after 1 mg of intravenous glucagon. OUTCOME MEASURES: Serum anti-GAD 65 antibody > or = 5 units/L and < 5 units/L, respectively defined anti-GAD 65 positive (A+) and negative (A-). Replete (beta+) and deplete (beta-) beta cell reserve were serum C-peptide after glucagon injection of > or = 0.5 ng/mL and < 0.5 ng/mL, respectively. The proportions of @entity1 with @entity477 -, @entity477 +, @entity477 - and @entity477 + and their clinical characteristics were determined. RESULTS: Of the 38 males and 33 females who participated in the study, @entity1 were categorized in various classes: @entity477 +, 46.5% (n=33/ 71); @entity477 -, 26.8% (n=19/71); @entity477 -, 22.5% (n=16/71); and @entity477 +, 4.2% (n=3/71). The ages of the various classes were: 41.8 +/- 13.8 years for @entity477 + (n=33); 36.5 +/- 14.6 years for @entity477 - (n=19); and 20.6 +/- 7.1 years for the combination of @entity477 - with @entity477 + (n=19) (P<.0001, P<.0001 for the combination of @entity477 - and @entity477 + vs @entity477 +, P=.001 for the combination of @entity477 - and @entity477 + vs @entity477 -and P=.2 for @entity477 - vs @entity477 +. The clinical features of type 2 @entity6 were most prevalent in @entity477 + class while the @entity477 - and @entity477 + groups had the clinical profile of type 1A @entity6 . CONCLUSIONS: Most of the indigenous Black South African @entity1 with @entity1270 as the initial manifestation of @entity6 had islet immunity, beta cell reserve status and clinical profiles of type 2 @entity6 .

title: Islet immunity and beta cell reserve of indigenous Black South Africans with @entity1270 at initial diagnosis of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity1270 :: ('MESH:D007662', 'Disease') :: ['ketoacidosis']

entities_list: @entity367 :: ('CHEBI:18237', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamic acid']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']


abstract: @entity3271 occurs very rarely and in only one @entity1 a deletion of chromosome 1p has been reported. We describe a 60-year-old @entity1 with a prior history of an @entity302 three years earlier, who was referred because of @entity308 and a rapid evolving @entity73 . Brain MRI showed a diffuse right parieto-occipital subarachnoid enhancing lesion without intra-axial extension. The diagnosis of an @entity3271 (WHO grade 3) was made on pathological examination. Molecular analysis using the FISH technique revealed a combined deletion of chromosomes 1p36 and 19q13. A rapid progression of the lesion was shown on MRI with leptomeningeal spinal metastases. The @entity1 was treated with @entity2903 ( @entity2904 ) 150 mg/m(2) for 5 days every 4 weeks and showed a marked clinical recovery. Serial MRI disclosed a near complete regression of the lesions with no residual enhancement left after 6 cycles of chemotherapy. At progression following 8 cycles of @entity2904 the @entity1 underwent craniospinal radiotherapy with complete response of his disease. To our knowledge this is the first report of a @entity1 with a primary leptomeningeal @entity3271 with diffuse spinal seeding bearing a 1p36/19q13 deletion. Our @entity1 achieved a durable clinical and radiological remission following @entity2904 treatment. Molecular analysis with determination of chromosome 1p/19q deletions should be performed in all cases of @entity11 to select those @entity1 who might benefit from @entity2904 chemotherapy.

title: XXXX with a 1p36-19q13 deletion: report of a unique case successfully treated with @entity2903 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment']

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['leptomeningeal gliomas']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epileptic seizure']

entities_list: @entity2903 :: ('MESH:C047246', 'Chemical') :: ['Temozolomide']

entities_list: @entity3271 :: ('MESH:D009837', 'Disease') :: ['anaplastic oligodendroglioma', 'Primary leptomeningeal oligodendroglioma']

answer: @entity3271 :: (MESH:D009837,Disease) :: ['Primary leptomeningeal anaplastic oligodendroglioma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Allograft @entity281 after lung transplantation (OLT) has a significant impact on outcomes and represents a diagnostic challenge. @entity19141 jirovecii causes an @entity1292 , life-threatening @entity55 among immunocompromised @entity1 . Airway colonization with @entity796 is common in lung transplant recipients. The aim of the study was to evaluate @entity1904 (PCT) serum concentrations during P jiroveci and @entity796 colonization/infections in lung transplant recipients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifteen OLT @entity1 were retrospectively enrolled into the study (10 @entity1 and 5 @entity1 ) of overall mean age of 41.4 +/- 14.6 years. In seven @entity1 , P jiroveci cysts were diagnosed (group J) and in 13 @entity1 , we isolated @entity796 (group A). In respiratory samples, P jiroveci was detected using an indirect immunofluorescence method, and @entity796 was isolated using routine microbiologic methods. PCT was measured using immunoluminescence assay. RESULTS: The average PCT value in group A was 0.30 +/- 0.21 and in group J, 0.88 +/- 0.43, a difference that was not significant. In group A, 3 @entity1 (23.1%) has PCT values indicating moderate @entity281 risk (PCT > 0.5) and one @entity1 (7.7%), a high @entity281 risk (PCT > 2.0 and <10). In group J, three @entity1 (42.9%) has PCT values indicating moderate and one @entity1 (14.3%), high @entity281 risk. CONCLUSIONS: Bronchial tree colonization with P jiroveci as well as @entity796 colonization can be associated with increased PCT suggesting a general, systemic response in addition to local colonization.

title: @entity1904 serum concentration during @entity19141 jiroveci colonization or XXXX @entity281 /colonization in lung transplant recipients.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity796 :: ('287', 'Species') :: ['Pseudomonas aeruginosa', 'P aeruginosa']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity1904 :: ('MESH:C029100', 'Chemical') :: ['procalcitonin']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity19141 :: ('MESH:D016720', 'Disease') :: ['Pneumocystis']

entities_list: @entity1292 :: ('MESH:D009894', 'Disease') :: ['opportunistic infection']

answer: @entity796 :: (287,Species) :: ['Pseudomonas aeruginosa']


abstract: Progressive @entity358 may preclude the option of pregnancy for a number of @entity1 in their @entity1 -bearing years due to the severity of the disease. For a subset of @entity1 with @entity1030 including @entity1577 , pregnancy is possible, but can have a devastating effect both on the prospective mother and fetus. The potential hazards of pregnancy in @entity1577 or other progressive @entity358 may trigger a moral conflict between physician and @entity1 . The female @entity1 may argue that her autonomy cannot be circumscribed and that the physician is obliged to assist her reproductive efforts. The physician can counter that his/her participation in potentially harmful interventions is not consistent with professional norms requiring adherence to the principles of beneficence and nonmaleficence. Whenever possible, the ethical conflict between physician and @entity1 should be resolved before initiation of pregnancy. We propose that this best be done through structured negotiations between physician and @entity1 with the goal of constructing an ethical framework for reducing the moral tension between the two. Steps in the negotiating process include defining the therapeutic alliance, information exchange, dialog, and deliberation. As part of the information exchange, it is important to discuss alternatives to pregnancy such as adoption and surrogacy, especially when there are strong contraindications to pregnancy. If negotiations reach a satisfactory conclusion for both sides, there should be a well-delineated consensual agreement to commence the pregnancy with the full support of the medical team.

title: Pregnancy and chronic progressive XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patient', 'child']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary disease', 'pulmonary diseases']

entities_list: @entity1577 :: ('MESH:D003550', 'Disease') :: ['cystic fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic lung disease']

answer: @entity358 :: (MESH:D008171,Disease) :: ['pulmonary disease']


abstract: The effectivenes of @entity5 vaccines in inducing CD8(+) T-cell responses remains a challenge, resulting in a need for testing more potent adjuvants. Our objective was to determine the safety and immunogenicity of vaccination against @entity320 -related antigens employing @entity16524 , @entity9857 , and tysosinase paptides combined with the @entity6801 agonist @entity25696 and local @entity2841 in oil emulsion. Using continuous monitoring of safety and a 2-stage design for immunologic efficacy, 20 immune response evaluable @entity1 were targetted. Vaccinations were given subcutaneously on days 1 and 15 per cycle (1cycle=28 d) for up to 13 cycles. Interferon-y enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot was used as the primary assay measuring the frequency of peripheral antigen-specific CD8(+) T cells at days 50 and 90 compared with baseline (target >=  9/20 immunologic responses). Clinical responses were measured by Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors every 8 weeks. Twenty-two (including 20 immune response evaluable) @entity320 @entity1 were enrolled. All had American Joint Committe on @entity5 stage IV (5M1a, 6M1b, 11M1c) and most had previously received therapy. Eight had previously treated brain metastases. An average of 3.5 cycles of vaccination per @entity1 was administered. Clinical response data were available for 21 @entity1 . There were 2 partial response and 8 stable disease lasting 2-7 months. One @entity1 with ongoing partial response continued on treatment. At a median follow-up of 7.39 months (range, 3.22-20.47 mo), median progression-free survival was 1.9 months (90% confidence interval, 1.84-3.68) and median overall survival was 13.4 months (90% confidence interval,11.3-   ). No regimen-related grade 3/4/5 @entity137 were observed. There were 9/20 @entity1 with positive enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot at day 50 and/or day 90. Our adjuvant regimen combining @entity25696 and @entity2841 was safe and is worthy of further testing with these or alternative peptides, potentially in combination with antibodies that target immunoregulatory checkpoints.

title: Safety and immunogenicity of vaccination with @entity16524 (26-35, 27L), XXXX (209-217, 210M), and tyrosinase (368-376, 370D) in adjuvant with @entity25696 and @entity2841 in @entity320 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity2841 :: ('1437', 'Gene') :: ['granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma']

answer: @entity9857 :: (6490,Gene) :: ['gp100']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4018 is a myeloproliferative stem cell disorder curable exclusively by allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and is associated with substantial mortality and morbidity. The aim of this study was to assess disease-specific and transplant-related risk factors that influence post-transplant outcome in @entity1 with @entity4018 . DESIGN AND METHODS: We retrospectively assessed 76 consecutive @entity1 with primary (n=47) or secondary (n=29) @entity4018 who underwent bone marrow (n=6) or peripheral blood stem cell (n=70) transplantation from sibling (n=30) or unrelated (n=46) donors between January 1994 and December 2010. The median follow-up of surviving @entity1 was 55    7.5 months. RESULTS: Primary graft failure occurred in 5% and the non-relapse mortality rate at 1 year was 28%. The relapse-free survival rate was 50% with a relapse rate of 19% at 5 years. The use of pharmacological pre-treatment and the post-transplant occurrence of @entity2132 were significant independent unfavourable risk factors for post-transplant survival in multivariate analysis. Using the Dynamic International Prognostic Scoring System for risk stratification, low-risk @entity1 had significantly better overall survival (P=0.014, hazard ratio 1.4) and relapse-free survival (P=0.02, hazard ratio 1.3) compared to the other risk groups of @entity1 . The additional inclusion of @entity882 , abnormal karyotype and transfusion need (Dynamic International Prognostic Scoring System Plus) resulted in a predicted 5-year overall survival of 100%, 51%, 54% and 30% for low, intermediate-1, intermediate-2 and high-risk groups, respectively. The relapse incidence was significantly higher in the absence of @entity2132 (P=0.006), and pharmacological pre-treatment (n=43) was associated with reduced relapse-free survival (P=0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The data corroborate a strong correlation between alloreactivity and long-term post-transplant disease control and confirm an inverse relationship between disease stage, pharmacotherapy and outcome after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for @entity4018 . The Dynamic International Prognostic Scoring System was demonstrated to be useful for risk stratification of @entity1 with @entity4018 who are to undergo hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

title: Dynamic International Prognostic Scoring System scores, pre-transplant therapy and @entity2132 determine outcome after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4018 :: ('MESH:D055728', 'Disease') :: ['Myelofibrosis', 'myelofibrosis']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity2132 :: ('MESH:D006086', 'Disease') :: ['chronic graft-versus-host disease']

answer: @entity4018 :: (MESH:D055728,Disease) :: ['myelofibrosis']


abstract: @entity1315 ( @entity1315 ) is the most common and pharmacoresistant form of @entity302 . Problems that cause pharmacoresistance may include delayed therapy due to late consultation, especially in developing countries. Our study aimed at unraveling consequences of delayed drug treatment using a @entity35 model of @entity1315 . Following @entity2134 -induced @entity159 interrupted after 4 @entity5698 were continuously videorecorded for onset and recurrence of spontaneous @entity410 . The animals were then treated for 50 days with @entity2049 ( @entity2050 ; first-line drug in @entity1315 and effective also in @entity35 ), starting at @entity410 onset (27.22+/-3.38 days after @entity159 ) or 50 days later, and compared with @entity302 untreated @entity35 and non- @entity302 @entity2050 -treated ones. Convulsive @entity410 frequency and duration, and hippocampal cell changes were evaluated. In particular, parvalbumin-containing hippocampal interneurons, astrocytes and microglia were characterized with immunohistochemistry and quantitative analyses. Prompt administration of @entity2050 suppressed @entity410 ; delayed treatment only decreased frequency of @entity410 , which were also relatively prolonged. In hippocampal regions, histopathological damage, parvalbumin immunoreactivity loss, and glial activation were very marked after delayed treatment, and were reduced only slightly compared to untreated @entity302 , but enhanced compared to early treatment. The data on high frequency and duration of @entity410 in late-therapy @entity35 indicate that delayed @entity2050 administration caused a high degree of drug resistance. This condition was subserved by severe damage in the hippocampus, presumably consequent to long-term @entity410 recurrence. Overall the data indicate that the paradigm of delayed treatment of limbic @entity302 could provide a model of drug-refractory @entity1315 with @entity131 .

title: Drug resistance and @entity131 after delayed treatment of XXXX -induced @entity302 in the @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'seizures', 'convulsive seizures']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['hippocampal sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity2134 :: ('MESH:D010862', 'Chemical') :: ['pilocarpine']

entities_list: @entity1315 :: ('MESH:D004833', 'Disease') :: ['TLE', 'Temporal lobe epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epileptic', 'epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity2049 :: ('MESH:D002220', 'Chemical') :: ['carbamazepine']

entities_list: @entity159 :: ('MESH:D013226', 'Disease') :: ['status epilepticus']

answer: @entity2134 :: (MESH:D010862,Chemical) :: ['pilocarpine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity117 ( @entity1281 ) is used in the treatment of @entity583 ( @entity583 ) but is also a risk factor for @entity10189 ( @entity10189 ) @entity548 . OBJECTIVE: To determine the factors associated with continued ASA use in @entity1 with @entity583 who develop @entity10189 @entity548 . METHODS: @entity583 @entity1 who developed @entity10189 @entity548 during the same hospitalization at two tertiary care hospitals in Edmonton, Alberta, between January 1999 and December 2006, were evaluated retrospectively. Multivariate analysis was used to determine predictors of the primary outcome of continued ASA use during @entity10189 @entity548 . RESULTS: A total of 102 @entity1 were analyzed. Thirty-eight @entity1 (37%) were continued on ASA, while 64 (63%) had ASA discontinued during their hospitalization. On multivariate regression analysis, significant predictors of continued ASA use included lowrisk ulcer stigmata on endoscopy (OR 3.7; 95% CI 1.4 to 10.2; P=0.01) and @entity583 requiring coronary intervention (OR 8.2; 95% CI 2.1 to 32.1; P=0.002). The mean (+/- SD) blood transfusion requirement was 3.9+/-3.6 units. The 30-day rebleeding and mortality rates were 14% and 14%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The continued use of ASA during @entity583 and @entity10189 @entity548 was variable. However, @entity1 with low-risk ulcers and those who received coronary intervention were more likely to have ASA continued during @entity10189 @entity548 . Further studies evaluating the gastrointestinal risk of immediate ASA use in @entity583 with @entity16950 are required.

title: @entity117 use in XXXX with @entity583 and peptic ulcer bleeding.

entities_list: @entity10189 :: ('MESH:D010437', 'Disease') :: ['peptic ulcer disease', 'PUD']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['Acetylsalicylic acid']

entities_list: @entity16950 :: ('MESH:D010438', 'Disease') :: ['acute PUD bleeding']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['AMI', 'acute myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in jaw bones due to @entity170 using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. Subjects that had undergone CBCT for various oral conditions and demonstrating clinical findings of @entity170 were invited to participate in the study. Dual X- @entity16039 absorptiometry (DXA) was performed on 90 @entity1 aged over 30 years who underwent CBCT. The study groups were based on DXA results, and included 26 @entity170 @entity1 (mean age    standard deviation; 58.52    5.91), 33 @entity2331 @entity1 (52.67    8.61) and 31 healthy controls (49.81    10.47). CBCT images of jaw bones were evaluated using radiomorphometric indexes, CT values, histogram analysis (HA) and fractal dimension (FD) analysis. Right and left mandibular radiomorphometric indexes, CT values and HA measurements in @entity170 @entity1 were significantly lower than measurements in @entity2331 @entity1 and control subjects (P  <= 0.05). Positive correlations were observed between measurements of spine @entity79 ( @entity79 ) and right and left mandibular CT values (P  <= 0.01) and HA (P  <= 0.01) measurements. Left maxilla FD measurements in @entity170 @entity1 were significantly lower than in the control (P  <= 0.05) and @entity2331 (P  <= 0.05) groups. @entity170 caused significant changes in radiomorphometric indexes, CT values, and HA and FD measurements in the jaw bones. (J Oral Sci 58, 185-194, 2016).

title: Evaluation of @entity170 in jaw bones using cone beam CT and dual-energy X- XXXX absorptiometry.

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['Osteoporosis', 'osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone mineral density', 'BMD']

entities_list: @entity2331 :: ('MESH:D001851', 'Disease') :: ['osteopenia']

answer: @entity16039 :: (255564,Species) :: ['ray']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study was designed to identify the @entity1 with @entity3557 ( @entity3557 ) who would benefit from RPELN dissection. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: The value of the right paraesophageal lymph nodes (RPELNs), which are located posterior to the right recurrent laryngeal nerve, may be underestimated. Although the RPELNs are common sites of nodal recurrence, few related studies have been reported. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 369 @entity1 (286 female, 83 male) who underwent total thyroidectomy (327 @entity1 ) or right lobectomy (42 @entity1 ) with therapeutic or prophylactic central lymph node dissection for primary @entity3557 between August 2008 and January 2010 at the Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center. RESULTS: Central lymph node (CLN) @entity3 were present in 51.2% (189 of 369) of the @entity1 , and RPELN @entity3 were present in 12.2% (45 of 369) of the @entity1 . The rate of RPELN @entity3 was 19.6% (37 of 189) in @entity1 with CLN @entity3 , but only 4.4% (8 of 180) in @entity1 with no CLN @entity3 (P < .001). A univariate analysis revealed that RPELN @entity3 was significantly correlated with the size of the @entity5 , the perithyroidal extent (capsular invasion), CLN @entity3 , and lateral lymph node @entity3 . There were no significant differences in terms of gender, mean age, or number of @entity5 between groups. A multivariate analysis revealed that @entity5 size (>1 cm) and number of CLN @entity3 (>=  3) were significantly correlated with RPELN @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: RPELN dissection should be considered in @entity1 with right @entity259 , @entity5 larger than 1 cm, or multiple CLN @entity3 .

title: Right paraesophageal lymph node dissection in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3557 :: ('MESH:C536915', 'Disease') :: ['papillary thyroid carcinoma', 'PTC']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'metastases']

entities_list: @entity259 :: ('MESH:D013964', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid cancer']

answer: @entity3557 :: (MESH:C536915,Disease) :: ['papillary thyroid carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The objective of ECOG 1503 was to determine the response rate of this combination in the second-line treatment of advanced NSCLC. METHODS: @entity12756 105 mg/m(2) IV on days 1, 8, and 15, and @entity136 1,000 mg/m(2) on days 1, 8, and 15, of a 28 day cycle. RESULTS: Eighteen @entity1 enrolled. Three @entity1 were not eligible due to protocol violations. No objective antitumor responses were seen. Three @entity1 (20%) experienced stable disease (90% CI 5.7-44%). Median overall survival: 5.4 months (95% CI 4.2-11.6 months); median time to progression: 1.8 months (95% CI 1.7-3.5 months). Five @entity1 developed acute infusion reactions to @entity12756 related to elevated @entity12757 . @entity1 with @entity1262 variant genotypes of @entity7658 experienced superior overall survival compared to non-variants (13.3 vs. 4.3 months, respectively, p = 0.023). CONCLUSION: This regimen did not demonstrate activity in relapsed NSCLC. Prolonged survival seen with @entity1262 variant genotypes is hypothesis-generating.

title: A phase II trial of @entity12756 (NSC# 663249) and XXXX as second line treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Study 1503.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity12757 :: ('MESH:D008708', 'Disease') :: ['methemoglobinemia']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['gemcitabine']

answer: @entity136 :: (MESH:C056507,Chemical) :: ['gemcitabine']


abstract: Common bean ( @entity11297 .) is economically important for its high protein, fiber, and micronutrient contents, with a relatively small genome size of    587 Mb. Common bean is genetically diverse with two major gene pools, Meso-American and Andean. The phenotypic variability within common bean is partly attributed to the genetic diversity and epigenetic changes that are largely influenced by environmental factors. It is well established that an important epigenetic regulator of gene expression is DNA methylation. Here, we present results generated from two high-throughput sequencing technologies, methylated DNA immunoprecipitation-sequencing (MeDIP-seq) and whole genome @entity9736 -sequencing (BS-Seq). Our analyses revealed that this Meso-American common bean displays similar methylation patterns as other previously published plant methylomes, with CG    50%, @entity5165    30%, and @entity5557    2.7% methylation, however, these differ from the common bean reference methylome of Andean origin. We identified higher CG methylation levels in both promoter and genic regions than CHG and @entity5557 contexts. Moreover, we found relatively higher CG methylation levels in genes than in promoters. Conversely, the CHG and @entity5557 methylation levels were highest in promoters than in genes. This is the first genome-wide DNA methylation profiling study in a Meso-American common bean cultivar ("Sierra") using NGS approaches. Our long-term goal is to generate genome-wide epigenomic maps in common bean focusing on chromatin accessibility, histone modifications, and DNA methylation.

title: Analyses of Methylomes Derived from Meso-American Common Bean ( XXXX .) Using MeDIP-Seq and Whole Genome Sodium Bisulfite-Sequencing.

entities_list: @entity11297 :: ('3885', 'Species') :: ['Phaseolus vulgaris L']

entities_list: @entity9736 :: ('MESH:C042345', 'Chemical') :: ['bisulfite']

answer: @entity11297 :: (3885,Species) :: ['Phaseolus vulgaris L']


abstract: BACKGROUND: If methods of differentiating stem cells into thyrocytes can be perfected, they may provide a ready source of normal thyrocytes for basic research and clinical application. We developed a novel culture method capable of differentiating @entity19 embryonic stem (ES) cells into thyroid follicular cells. METHODS: @entity9072 @entity19 ES cells were allowed to differentiate into embryoid bodies and then stimulated with thyroid-stimulating hormone, insulin, and @entity7526 . The resulting differentiated cells were observed for expression of thyrocyte-specific mRNA transcripts with reverse transcriptase (RT)-polymerase chain reaction. To definitively identify thyrocytes, we simultaneously observed the thyrocyte-specific proteins, @entity28775 and @entity20451 , with dual-color immunofluorescent labeling. The cells were further characterized by electron microscopy. RESULTS: The ES cells were successfully differentiated into thyrocytes. Differentiated cells expressed @entity20451 , @entity9240 , @entity1372 / @entity6893 symporter, thyroperoxidase, and thyroglobulin mRNAs, and coexpressed @entity28775 and @entity20451 proteins. The extent of differentiation was further explored by electron microscopy, which showed that differentiated cells had ultrastructural features similar to adult @entity1 thyrocytes, whereas the cells from unstimulated cultures were mostly disintegrated and lacked developed organelle structures. CONCLUSIONS: These data show that @entity9072 @entity19 ES cells can be differentiated into thyrocytes by culturing with thyroid-stimulating hormone, insulin, and @entity7526 . The development of reliable methods to produce thyroid cells from ES cells is important to future research in thyroid biology and medical applications.

title: Differentiation of XXXX @entity19 embryonic stem cells into thyrocytes in vitro.

entities_list: @entity9240 :: ('22095(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor']

entities_list: @entity7526 :: ('MESH:D011193', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium iodide']

entities_list: @entity28775 :: ('21869(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['thyroid transcription factor-1']

answer: @entity9072 :: (114729(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['E14']


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine the indication and outcomes for Gamma Knife stereotactic radiosurgery (GKSRS) in the care of @entity1 with intracranial sarcomatous @entity3 . METHODS AND MATERIALS: Data from 21 @entity1 who underwent radiosurgery for 60 sarcomatous intracranial @entity3 (54 parenchymal and 6 dural-based) were studied. Nine @entity1 had radiosurgery for solitary @entity5 and 12 for @entity5 . The primary pathology was @entity3 (4 @entity1 ), @entity421 (3 @entity1 ), soft-tissue @entity242 (5 @entity1 ), @entity511 (2 @entity1 ), @entity11552 (2 @entity1 ), and @entity980 , @entity2828 , @entity1821 , @entity6011 , and @entity1352 (1 @entity1 each). Twenty @entity1 received multimodality management for their @entity5 , and 1 @entity1 had no evidence of @entity262 . The mean @entity5 volume was 6.2 cm(3) (range, 0.07-40.9 cm(3)), and a median margin dose of 16 Gy was administered. Three @entity1 had progressive @entity1504 despite fractionated whole-brain radiotherapy before @entity6815 . RESULTS: A @entity5 control rate of 88% was achieved (including @entity1 receiving boost, up-front, and salvage @entity6815 ). New remote brain @entity3 developed in 7 @entity1 (33%). The median survival after diagnosis of intracranial @entity3 was 16 months, and the 1-year survival rate was 61%. CONCLUSIONS: Gamma Knife radiosurgery was a well-tolerated and initially effective therapy in the management of @entity1 with sarcomatous intracranial @entity3 . However, many @entity1 , including those who also received fractionated whole-brain radiotherapy, developed progressive new @entity75 .

title: Gamma knife radiosurgery as a therapeutic strategy for intracranial sarcomatous XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2828 :: ('MESH:D012512', 'Disease') :: ["Ewing's sarcoma"]

entities_list: @entity511 :: ('MESH:D002813', 'Disease') :: ['chondrosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'primary tumor', 'multiple tumors', 'local tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain disease']

entities_list: @entity262 :: ('MESH:D034721', 'Disease') :: ['systemic disease']

entities_list: @entity1352 :: ('MESH:D013584', 'Disease') :: ['synovial sarcoma']

entities_list: @entity1504 :: ('MESH:D002561', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial disease']

entities_list: @entity421 :: ('MESH:D012516', 'Disease') :: ['osteosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity6011 :: ('MESH:D018319', 'Disease') :: ['neurofibrosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases', 'metastatic leiomyosarcoma', 'metastasis']

entities_list: @entity980 :: ('MESH:D012208', 'Disease') :: ['rhabdomyosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity11552 :: ('MESH:D018234', 'Disease') :: ['alveolar soft part sarcoma']

entities_list: @entity1821 :: ('MESH:D008080', 'Disease') :: ['liposarcoma']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['metastases']


abstract: A review of recent investigations in the @entity554 field is presented. @entity1968 exerts a prophylactic and a therapeutic effect on chemically induced benign and @entity189 in @entity19 . In clinical studies positive therapeutic results have been obtained in @entity1 with preneoplastic and neoplastic epithelial lesions. However, treatment with @entity1968 is limited by serious side effects ( @entity8853 ). Therefore, the synthesis of analogs of @entity1968 ( @entity4878 ) possessing a more favorable therapeutic ratio has been initiated. Among a large series of synthesized compounds, certain aromatic analogs proved to have a particularly favorable therapeutic ratio. The structure-activity relationship of the most active @entity4878 is discussed including some biological data concerning prophylaxis and therapy of @entity5 . The total synthesis of @entity4878 according to various building schemes is discussed in detail. Methods for the synthesis of the cyclic end group, of the @entity9413 chain component, and of the full @entity554 skeleton are described. Metabolic studies of @entity1968 and of the most active @entity554 , as well as the synthesis of some isolated metabolites are outlined. Suggestions concerning the mechanism of action of @entity4878 are made. Some clinical results on the treatment of acne, @entity1569 and @entity1613 are reported.

title: XXXX , a new class of compounds with prophylactic and therapeutic activities in oncology and dermatology.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity9413 :: ('CHEBI:48121', 'Chemical') :: ['polyene']

entities_list: @entity4878 :: ('MESH:D012176', 'Chemical') :: ['retinoids']

entities_list: @entity1569 :: ('MESH:D011565', 'Disease') :: ['psoriasis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['epithelial tumors']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['malignant epithelial tumors']

entities_list: @entity8853 :: ('MESH:D006986', 'Disease') :: ['hypervitaminosis A syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1613 :: ('MESH:D011230', 'Disease') :: ['precancerous conditions']

entities_list: @entity1968 :: ('MESH:D014212', 'Chemical') :: ['retinoic acid', 'Retinoic acid']

entities_list: @entity554 :: ('CHEBI:26537', 'Chemical') :: ['retinoid']

answer: @entity4878 :: (MESH:D012176,Chemical) :: ['Retinoids']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The authors examined @entity645 -positive subjects to determine the relationship of @entity1 complaints of @entity73 to @entity146 status and performance on established cognitive and motor function tests. METHOD: @entity645 -positive volunteers (N = 77) were evaluated at entry into a longitudinal neurological study. Forty were asymptomatic, 29 had @entity16888 , and eight had @entity791 . The subjects were not selected for the presence or absence of @entity73 . Complaints of @entity73 were assessed with items from the @entity791 Clinical Trials Group Macro Neurologic Exam. Current @entity308 and @entity148 were assessed with the Profile of Mood States. Psychiatric status was assessed with the NIMH Diagnostic Interview Schedule, a structured interview that provides DSM-III @entity146 diagnoses. Actual cognitive and motor performance was measured with standard neuropsychological tests known to be sensitive to the effects of @entity645 . RESULTS: Cognitive complaints were found in 38 (49%) of the subjects. These complaints were associated with @entity146 symptoms but not with cognitive performance. Motor complaints, found in 12 (16%) of the subjects, were associated with poorer motor performance but not with @entity146 symptoms. The overall frequency of @entity146 diagnosis was high. CONCLUSIONS: Self-reports of @entity73 were common in this unselected group and are of concern to health care providers. Potentially treatable @entity146 conditions were also common, particularly in subjects with @entity73 , and appropriate treatment referrals are indicated. @entity1 who report motor dysfunction should be neurologically evaluated for treatable causes.

title: Implications of self-reported @entity73 in @entity645 -positive XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

entities_list: @entity16888 :: ('MESH:D000386', 'Disease') :: ['AIDS-related complex']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive complaints', 'cognitive and motor dysfunction', 'cognitive or motor complaints']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1561 ( @entity1561 ) is the most common @entity409 ; there is growing evidence that it is a hepatic manifestation of a @entity209 . This study aimed to assess the prevalence of metabolic risk factors among @entity1 with @entity1561 . MATERIAL/METHODS: Outpatients with @entity1561 were recruited into the study. Family physicians recorded @entity1 ' demographic and anthropometric data, leisure-time physical activity, concomitant diseases, and pharmacological treatment for @entity1561 into standardized Case Report Forms. RESULTS: In total, data on 798 @entity1 were analyzed. Most @entity1 were @entity1 and they were older than the @entity1 (mean age, 60.2    9.6 vs. 54.5    11.4 years; p<0.05). Metabolic risk factors ( @entity28 , @entity101 , @entity2299 ) were highly prevalent in the study @entity1 , and these factors were more prevalent among @entity1 . There were no differences in the mean Body Mass Index (BMI), in the proportion of @entity1 or @entity1 with BMI >30 kg/m2 or central @entity28 in the 2 age groups ( <= 60 years and >60 years). @entity101 and @entity6 were more prevalent among older @entity1 and @entity1 . @entity2299 was more common among older @entity1 . The level of leisure-time physical activity was lower in @entity1 and in older @entity1 . The most frequently prescribed pharmacological agents were cytoprotective agents, lipid-lowering drugs, and antioxidants. CONCLUSIONS: Metabolic risk factors were highly prevalent among @entity1 with @entity1561 . @entity28 , @entity101 , and @entity2299 were more prevalent among @entity1 . The differences in the prevalence of @entity101 seemed to be influenced by older age of @entity1 .

title: The prevalence of metabolic risk factors among outpatients with diagnosed XXXX in Lithuania.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'arterial hypertension', 'Hypertension']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['Obesity', 'obesity']

entities_list: @entity2299 :: ('MESH:D050171', 'Disease') :: ['dyslipidemia', 'Dyslipidemia']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['chronic liver disease']

entities_list: @entity1561 :: ('MESH:D065626', 'Disease') :: ['NAFLD', 'Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic syndrome']

answer: @entity1561 :: (MESH:D065626,Disease) :: ['nonalcoholic fatty liver disease']


abstract: Seventy-eight @entity1 with @entity978 were treated with radiation therapy between July 1966 and July 1976 (30 Stage I, 28 Stage II, 20 Stage III). The mean follow-up period is greater than 5 years. 90% of Stage I, 86% of Stage II, 65% of Stage III, and 82% (64/78) of all @entity1 are NED after radiotherapy alone. Since laparotomy option (1970) 89% (50/56) of @entity1 are NED. Fourteen @entity1 were failures. Chemotherapy "rescued" 6 of 14. Seven have died, 1 is alive with disease, and 1 died of @entity1778 . Absolute survival is 90% (70/78). Failures were more frequent in @entity1 with unfavorable histological types (9/14), and @entity5 , primarily IIIS+ or B category (7/14). Sites of failures were mainly extranodal, primarily lung (10/14) and bone (2/14), and are consistent with hematogenous dissemination. Laparotomy performed in 41 @entity1 identified unsuspected splenic involvement in 9 cases (22%), but was a distinct failure in confirming most "small node" positive lymphangiograms. Two @entity1 developed @entity3052 , both while NED 5 years posttherapy. One @entity1 had also received adjunctive MOPP. There has been no impairment in the quality of survival that could be directly attributed to radiotherapy.

title: @entity978 : radiotherapeutic management at a XXXX oriented community hospital.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Stage III disease']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute myelocytic leukemia']

entities_list: @entity978 :: ('MESH:D006689', 'Disease') :: ["Hodgkin's disease"]

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We aimed to evaluate the role of gated @entity296 ( @entity296 ) and to investigate whether only the invasive coronary angiography (CAG) is sufficient in the diagnosis of the @entity453 ( @entity453 ) in @entity1 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: Sixty-four @entity1 (62  10 years) with known @entity453 were included in this study. They had echocardiography (ECHO), stress/rest gated @entity296 and invasive CAG. @entity3979 as of > 50 % in invasive CAG was accepted as significant. Gated @entity296 data were compared with invasive CAG and ECHO. RESULTS: Invasive CAG results were abnormal in 34 @entity1 , and normal in 30 cases. @entity741 was detected by gated @entity296 in 22/ 30 cases with normal invasive @entity28996 had mild @entity3979 in major coronary arteries ranging from 30% to 50% in invasive CAG. 16/ 22 @entity1 were diagnosed as @entity209 according to MetSend Diagnostic Criteria and only 8 of 30 @entity1 with normal invasive CAG had false positive @entity296 data on the reevaluation by a nuclear cardiologist. CONCLUSION: We think that invasive coronary angiography method is not sufficient alone in the diagnosis of @entity453 in @entity1 . Gated @entity296 study is recommended to achieve the final decision for @entity741 in the cases with @entity453 and raw data must always be evaluated to avoid attenuation artifacts. CONFLICT OF INTEREST: None declared.

title: The Role of Myocardial Perfusion Gated SPECT Study in @entity1 with XXXX : A Correlative Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['MPS', 'myocardial perfusion SPECT']

entities_list: @entity3979 :: ('MESH:D023921', 'Disease') :: ['Coronary stenosis', 'coronary stenosis']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['Myocardial ischemia', 'myocardial ischemia']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['CAD', 'coronary artery disease']

answer: @entity453 :: (MESH:D003324,Disease) :: ['Coronary Artery Disease']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1124 ( @entity1124 ) is among the @entity5 with a dismal 7% 5-year survival rate and is projected to become the second leading cause of @entity5 -related deaths by 2020. @entity984 is mutated in 95% of PDACs and is a well-validated driver of @entity1124 growth and maintenance. However, despite comprehensive efforts, an effective anti-RAS drug has yet to reach the clinic. Different paths to inhibiting RAS signaling are currently under investigation in the hope of finding a successful treatment. Recently, direct RAS binding molecules have been discovered, challenging the perception that RAS is an "undruggable" protein. Other strategies currently being pursued take an indirect approach, targeting proteins that facilitate RAS membrane association or downstream effector signaling. Unbiased genetic screens have identified synthetic lethal interactors of mutant RAS. Most recently, metabolic targets in pathways related to glycolytic signaling, @entity3264 utilization, autophagy, and macropinocytosis are also being explored. Harnessing the @entity1 's immune system to fight their @entity5 is an additional exciting route that is being considered. The "best" path to inhibiting @entity984 has yet to be determined, with each having promise as well as potential pitfalls. We will summarize the state-of-the-art for each direction, focusing on efforts directed toward the development of therapeutics for @entity788 @entity1 with mutated @entity984 .

title: @entity984 Mutant XXXX : No Lone Path to an Effective Treatment.

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity1124 :: ('MESH:D021441', 'Disease') :: ['Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma', 'PDAC']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['deadliest cancers', 'cancer']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['Pancreatic Cancer']


abstract: Oesophageal perforations associated with cervical @entity174 occur from a variety of injuries. @entity174 of the cervical spine, blunt @entity130 and penetrating injuries such as gunshot wounds, knives and missiles, perforate the cervical oesophagus. This retrospective study consists of 24 @entity1 with an oesophageal perforation and cervical @entity174 . Motor vehicle accidents were responsible for 54% of the oesophageal perforations. The other oesophageal injuries were related to anterior spine surgery, gunshot wounds and sports-related activities. The clinical features related to these injuries included the obvious signs of an oesophageal perforation as well as fever of unknown origin, @entity491 and unexplained persistent @entity591 . A variety of techniques was used to establish the diagnosis. All the @entity1 had treatment for the cervical @entity174 and 20 @entity1 required surgical repair of the oesophagus. The most common oesophageal complications were stricture of the oesophagus (54%) and oesophageal diverticulum (10%). The other complications were @entity891 , @entity55 , tracheobronchitis, @entity1151 , cervical @entity4034 , @entity3799 , @entity1764 , @entity295 and cervical fistulae. These @entity1 have a serious life-threatening illness that may be difficult to diagnose and treat.

title: Oesophageal XXXX in @entity1 with spinal cord injury.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['septicemia']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'fracture', 'Fractures']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity4034 :: ('MESH:D010019', 'Disease') :: ['osteomyelitis']

entities_list: @entity1764 :: ('MESH:D008480', 'Disease') :: ['mediastinitis']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary embolism']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity891 :: ('MESH:D001261', 'Disease') :: ['atelectasis']

entities_list: @entity3799 :: ('MESH:D002575', 'Disease') :: ['cervical abscess']

entities_list: @entity491 :: ('MESH:D007964', 'Disease') :: ['leukocytosis']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['trauma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Because of its rarity, @entity420 of the small intestine is frequently compared to @entity694 , although the validity of this comparison is not known. METHODS: @entity1 with small and large bowel @entity420 (SBA and @entity31288 ) diagnosed between 1988 and 2007 were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registry. Age-standardized incidence and mortality rates were determined. Cancer-specific survival (CSS) stratified by stage and by number of assessed lymph nodes was calculated. RESULTS: A total of 4518 and 261,521 @entity1 with SBA and @entity31288 , respectively, were identified. In comparison to @entity31288 , @entity1 with SBA were younger and presented with disease of higher stage and histologic grade. The age-standardized incidence rates decreased for @entity31288 (-1.24% per year) but increased for SBA (+1.47% per year). Although age-standardized mortality rates decreased for both @entity31288 and SBA, the decreases were more pronounced for @entity31288 . Five-year CSS was worse for resected SBA compared with resected @entity31288 , although this difference diminished when comparing cases having eight or more lymph nodes assessed. The relative reduction in CSS when selecting eight or more lymph nodes was much greater for duodenal as opposed to jejunal/ileal subsite of the small bowel. With nodal selection the absolute difference in CSS between @entity31288 and SBA for stages I, II, and III was 13, 15.9, and 18.5%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Adequate nodal assessment is much less common in SBA than @entity31288 ; and it appears that SBA, in particular duodenal @entity420 , is understaged. Even after corrections to minimize the effect of stage migration and inadequate lymph node evaluation, SBA demonstrated distinctly worse CSS than @entity31288 .

title: A population-based comparison of XXXX of the large and small intestine: insights into a rare disease.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma of the colon']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity420 :: (MESH:D000230,Disease) :: ['adenocarcinoma']


abstract: @entity2438 is a @entity245 characterized by aberrant reciprocal social interactions, impaired communication, and @entity146 . While the etiology remains unclear, strong evidence exists for a genetic component, and several synaptic genes have been implicated. SHANK genes encode a family of synaptic scaffolding proteins located postsynaptically on excitatory synapses. Mutations in SHANK genes have been detected in several @entity2438 individuals. To understand the consequences of SHANK mutations relevant to the diagnostic and associated symptoms of @entity2438 , comprehensive behavioral phenotyping on a line of @entity26092 mutant @entity19 was conducted on multiple measures of social interactions, social olfaction, @entity146 , @entity148 -related behaviors, motor functions, and a series of control measures for physical abilities. Results from our comprehensive behavioral phenotyping battery indicated that adult @entity26092 null mutant @entity19 were similar to their wildtype and heterozygous littermates on standardized measures of general health, @entity16 . Motor functions were reduced in the null mutants on open field activity, rotarod, and wire hang, replicating and extending previous findings (Hung et al., 2008). A partial @entity148 -like phenotype was detected in the null mutants in some components of the light     dark task, as previously reported (Hung et al., 2008) but not in the elevated plus-maze. Juvenile reciprocal social interactions did not differ across genotypes. Interpretation of adult social approach was confounded by a lack of normal sociability in wildtype and heterozygous littermates. All genotypes were able to discriminate social odors on an olfactory habituation/dishabituation task. All genotypes displayed relatively high levels of repetitive self-grooming. Our findings support the interpretation that @entity26092 null @entity19 do not demonstrate @entity2438 -relevant social interaction deficits, but confirm and extend a role for @entity26092 in motor functions.

title: Sociability and motor functions in XXXX mutant @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['repetitive behaviors']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological reflexes and sensory skills']

entities_list: @entity2438 :: ('MESH:D001321', 'Disease') :: ['autism', 'autistic', 'Autism']

entities_list: @entity245 :: ('MESH:D002658', 'Disease') :: ['neurodevelopmental disorder']

answer: @entity26092 :: (243961(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['Shank1']


abstract: We have examined the biological activity of intracellular @entity1943 (SRIF) receptors in cultured @entity35 anterior pituitary cells. We used @entity11040 -permeabilized cells to introduce free SRIF intracellularly and @entity503 -treated cells to promote intracellular accumulation of SRIF via a receptor-mediated pathway. At a concentration of 0.001%, @entity11040 (3-min incubation at 37 C) allowed [125I]SRIF to enter the cells without affecting cell viability. Autoradiography of [125I]SRIF demonstrated its association with secretion vesicles (28%), nuclei (25%), and other intracellular organelles. An acid wash technique that removes cell surface-bound ligand revealed that both @entity11040 -permeabilized cells and @entity503 -treated cells accumulated approximately twice as much intracellular SRIF as did control cells. The biological activities of intracellular SRIF accumulated via two different pathways, receptor mediated and through @entity11040 -produced pores in the plasma membrane, were different. In @entity503 -treated cells, the accumulation of intracellular SRIF did not result in its additional biological effect. SRIF inhibited GH-releasing factor-induced GH release from 578 +/- 12 to 168 +/- 9 ng/10(6) cells X 30 min, which did not differ from the control value. Cells incubated with @entity11040 demonstrated normal basal (160 +/- 9 ng/10(6) cells X 30 min) and GH-releasing factor-stimulated GH release (564 +/- 11 ng/10(6) cells X 30 min). However, the inhibitory action of SRIF in these cells was approximately 30% greater (98 +/- 8 ng/10(6) cells X 30 min) than that in either control or @entity503 -treated cells, suggesting that SRIF freely admitted intracellularly produces additional biological activity. These observations confirm the presence of the intracellular receptors and suggest that these receptors exist in a biologically active form.

title: XXXX receptors are biologically active before they are inserted into the plasma membrane.

entities_list: @entity1943 :: ('MESH:D013004', 'Chemical') :: ['somatostatin']

entities_list: @entity503 :: ('MESH:D002738', 'Chemical') :: ['chloroquine']

entities_list: @entity11040 :: ('MESH:D004072', 'Chemical') :: ['digitonin']

answer: @entity1943 :: (MESH:D013004,Chemical) :: ['Somatostatin']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the utility of endocervical curettage (ECC) at cervical conization for predicting @entity41 and to evaluate differences in management between general gynecologists and gynecologic oncologists. STUDY DESIGN: From February 1999 to November 2007, 192 @entity1 with high-grade @entity1141 on conization were retrospectively identified. Data were analyzed for 54 @entity1 who underwent repeat conization or hysterectomy to evaluate predictors of disease. Data for all @entity1 were analyzed based on provider. RESULTS: Among @entity1 who underwent secondary procedures, 68.5% (37/54) had residual or recurrent disease. Eighty-six percent of @entity1 with a positive ECC had residual or recurrent disease compared to 48% of @entity1 with a negative ECC (OR 6.91, CI 1.595-30.00, p=0.01). Among all @entity1 , 77% (148/192) were managed by a generalist, and 23% (44/192) by a gynecologic oncologist. Oncologists were significantly more likely to perform a hysterectomy (45.5% vs. 14.2%, OR 5.04, CI 2.38-10.69, p<0.0001). CONCLUSION: Endocervical curettage at the time of conization with high-grade @entity1141 is a simple and reliable predictor of residual or recurrent disease and should be performed routinely. Gynecologic oncologists are more likely than general gynecologists to perform a hysterectomy in the management of high-grade @entity1141 on conization.

title: Predictive value of endocervical curettage at cervical conization and provider practices in management of high-grade cervical XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity41 :: ('MESH:D018365', 'Disease') :: ['residual or recurrent dysplasia']

answer: @entity1141 :: (MESH:C535662,Disease) :: ['dysplasia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Epidemiological studies have disclosed an independent effect of @entity1674 on @entity301 despite achievement of low-density lipoprotein @entity165 goals with statin therapy. Arterial @entity2693 has been increasingly recognized as a strong predictor of @entity65 and @entity731 . The association between @entity1674 and arterial @entity2693 is not well characterized. We aimed to determine the relationship between @entity1674 and arterial @entity2693 in a community-based longitudinal sample from Beijing, China. METHODS: We related levels of plasma TGs to measures of arterial @entity2693 (carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity [ @entity122 ] and carotid-radial @entity122 ) in 1447 subjects (mean age, 61.3  years) from a community-based population in Beijing, China. RESULTS: After a median follow-up interval of 4.8  years, multiple linear regression analysis revealed that TGs were independently associated with carotid-femoral @entity122 (b   =   0.747, P   <   0.001) and carotid-radial @entity122 (b   =   0.367, P   =   0.001). In the group older than 65  years, the association between baseline TG levels and follow-up carotid-femoral @entity122 (b   =   1.094, P   =   0.001) and carotid-radial @entity122 (b   =   0.524, P   =   0.002) were strengthened. In forward stepwise multivariate logistic regression analysis, every SD increase in TG   was associated with a 1.296-increased likelihood of the presence of carotid-femoral @entity122  II (OR [per SD increase in TG  ]: 1.296; 95  % CI: 1.064   ~   1.580; P   =   0.010) in Model 2, whereas the relationship between TG   and carotid-radial @entity122  II disappeared. In addition, the relationship was strengthened between TG   and the presence of carotid-femoral @entity122  II (OR 1.526, 95  % CI: 1.088-2.141, P   =   0.014) in the group older than 65  years but not carotid-radial @entity122  II. No association was noted in subjects younger than 65  years. CONCLUSIONS: Lower @entity412 levels were significantly associated with decreases in carotid-femoral @entity122 , indicating that achieving low TG levels may be an additional therapeutic consideration in subjects with @entity731 .

title: XXXX are a predictive factor for arterial @entity2693 : a community-based 4.8-year prospective study.

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary heart disease']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerotic disease']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

entities_list: @entity2693 :: ('MESH:C566112', 'Disease') :: ['stiffness']

answer: @entity1674 :: (MESH:D014280,Chemical) :: ['Triglycerides']


abstract: Objective.    This study aims to evaluate the usefulness of peripheral nerve stimulation as a treatment option for @entity1 with @entity1643 . Materials and Methods.    More than 12 months, we collected data on consecutive @entity1 who had successful trials and were subsequently implanted with octrode percutaneous leads placed subcutaneously within the major area of @entity158 . Eleven @entity1 met diagnostic criteria for @entity11252 . A questionnaire assessed outcomes including: @entity158 , analgesic use, and @entity1 satisfaction. The response rate was 93% (13/14): average follow-up time was seven  months. Results.    There was a significant decrease in @entity158 levels: an average reduction of 3.77 visual analog scale points. Eleven @entity1 (85%) reported successful outcomes and an average @entity158 reduction of 4.18 points but two reported a poor response. @entity158 relief was highly correlated with reduced @entity1337 and @entity1 satisfaction. No complications were reported. Conclusion.    This study demonstrates a treatment option that is safe, nonpharmacologic, reversible, and effective for @entity1 with @entity1643 that have exhausted other treatment options.

title: Peripheral nerve stimulation: a treatment for @entity1643 and XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1643 :: ('MESH:D017116', 'Disease') :: ['chronic low back pain']

entities_list: @entity1337 :: ('MESH:D000699', 'Disease') :: ['analgesia']

entities_list: @entity11252 :: ('MESH:D055111', 'Disease') :: ['failed back surgery syndrome']

answer: @entity11252 :: (MESH:D055111,Disease) :: ['failed back surgery syndrome']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The intellectual, behavioral, and social function of @entity1 who sustained @entity131 ( @entity131 ) before 3 years of age were compared with a group of uninjured @entity1 . The role of injury and environmental factors in recovery was examined. METHODS: A group of 53 @entity1 who sustained a @entity131 before 3 years of age (20 mild and 33 moderate/severe) and 27 uninjured @entity1 (control group) were assessed on an IQ measure and parent measures of behavior and social skills. @entity1 were aged 4 to 6 years and were an average of 40 months since sustaining their injury. RESULTS: There were no demographic differences between the groups. Although all group scores were in the average range, @entity1 with moderate/severe @entity131 performed significantly below uninjured @entity1 on an IQ measure. No significant differences were found on parent behavior ratings, although effect sizes between groups were medium to large. No differences were found for social skills. All outcomes were significantly influenced by environmental but not injury factors. CONCLUSIONS: Moderate/severe @entity131 at an early age appears to be associated with lowered intellectual function and possibly behavior problems. A @entity1 's environment influences cognitive and behavior function after @entity131 .

title: Intellectual, behavioral, and social outcomes of accidental XXXX in early childhood.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children', 'child']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['TBI', 'traumatic brain injury']

answer: @entity131 :: (MESH:D001930,Disease) :: ['traumatic brain injury']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity980 ( @entity980 ) though rare, is the most common soft tissue malignancy of childhood that exhibits bimodal age distribution pattern. OBJECTIVE: Review the pattern of @entity980 in Port Harcourt based on sex, age, @entity5 sites and histologic types. DESIGN: A retrospective descriptive study. SETTING: The study was conducted in the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH), Port Harcourt, Nigeria over 12 years. METHODOLOGY: We studied 21 juvenile @entity980 during the period under review. The @entity1710 and @entity1711 stained histological slides were retrieved and reviewed to confirm previous diagnosis and histologically typed for the study. The sex, age and @entity5 sites were retrieved from the histology consultation forms, RESULT: These @entity5 were diagnosed from @entity1 aged 0 - 20 years with the highest frequencies (38.1% each) occurring at 0 - 5 and 16 - 20 years age group. Males are more affected with a ratio 3.2:1. The trunk is the most common site of occurrence (47.7%) of which the genitourinary system is the most affected (23.8%) in this study. The most common histologic type is the @entity2875 (71.5%). @entity3943 accounted for (19%) and the sarcoma botryoides (9.5%). CONCLUSION: The age of presentation and anatomic sites of the @entity5 are important in the diagnosis of these @entity5 . If a @entity5 histologically shows as small round blue cells, @entity980 should be considered as a differential diagnosis.

title: XXXX in Port Harcourt, Nigeria: A twelve year review.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1710 :: ('MESH:D006416', 'Chemical') :: ['hematoxylin']

entities_list: @entity2875 :: ('MESH:D018233', 'Disease') :: ['embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity980 :: ('MESH:D012208', 'Disease') :: ['rhabdomyosarcoma', 'JRMS', 'rhabdomyosarcomas', 'Juvenile rhabdomyosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity3943 :: ('MESH:D018232', 'Disease') :: ['Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma']

answer: @entity980 :: (MESH:D012208,Disease) :: ['Juvenile rhabdomyosarcomas']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To examine whether @entity933 in individuals with @entity173 is associated with high @entity1851 ( @entity1851 ), @entity650 ( @entity650 ), and soluble @entity650 receptor (sIL-6R) levels in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. SETTING: Two university hospitals in Oslo, Norway, and Edinburgh, United Kingdom. @entity1 : Individuals admitted with acute @entity173 (N = 151). MEASUREMENTS: @entity1 were assessed for @entity933 pre- and postoperatively using the Confusion Assessment Method. Prefracture @entity73 was detected using the Informant Questionnaire on @entity73 in the Elderly (IQCODE). Serum was collected preoperatively and CSF just before the onset of spinal anesthesia. Cytokine levels in serum and CSF samples were determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Student t-tests or Mann-Whitney U-tests were used for between-group comparisons. Spearman rho was used for correlations. RESULTS: Sixty @entity1 had prior @entity73 (IQCODE score >= 3.44). @entity933 was diagnosed in 46 @entity1 (77%) with prior @entity73 and 25 (29%) without. In @entity1 without prior @entity73 , CSF @entity1851 levels were higher in @entity1 with @entity933 (median 0.05  g/mL, interquartile range (IQR) 0.02-0.12  g/mL) than in those without @entity933 (median 0.01  g/mL, IQR 0.00-0.06  g/mL) (P = .01); there were no differences in @entity1 with prior @entity73 . In secondary analyses, in @entity1 with prior @entity73 , the concentration of CSF sIL-6R was higher in those @entity1 who developed @entity933 than in the other subgroups, but this difference was not statistically significant. Serum levels of @entity1851 , @entity650 , and sIL-6R were not different according to @entity933 in @entity1 with or without prefracture @entity73 . CONCLUSION: High CSF levels of @entity1851 and sIL-6R may be associated with @entity933 . Different pathophysiological mechanisms may operate in different subgroups, notably in relation to the presence of prior @entity73 .

title: Associations Between XXXX and Preoperative Cerebrospinal Fluid @entity1851 , @entity650 , and Interleukin-6 Receptor in Individuals with Acute @entity173 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Participants', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['Cognitive Decline', 'cognitive impairment']

entities_list: @entity173 :: ('MESH:D006620', 'Disease') :: ['hip fracture']

entities_list: @entity933 :: ('MESH:D003693', 'Disease') :: ['delirium', 'Delirium']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein', 'CRP']

answer: @entity933 :: (MESH:D003693,Disease) :: ['Delirium']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Industrial plants emit air pollutants like fine particles (PM2.5), @entity9733 ( @entity9734 ) and @entity7459 ( @entity6836 ) that may affect the health of individuals living nearby. OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects of community exposure to air emissions of PM2.5, @entity9734 , and @entity6836 from pulp mills, oil refineries, metal smelters, on respiratory hospital admissions in young @entity1 in Quebec (QC) and British Columbia (BC), Canada. METHODS: We assessed QC, BC and pooled associations between the following estimates of exposure and hospital admissions for @entity565 and @entity5924 in @entity1 aged 2-4years for the years 2002-2010: i) Crude emission exposures at the residential postal codes of @entity1 , calculated by multiplying estimated daily emissions of PM2.5, @entity9734 , or @entity6836 from all nearby (<7.5km) pulp mills, oil refineries, metal smelters emitting yearly >= 50t and their total emissions, by the percent of the day each postal code was downwind; ii) Daily levels of these pollutants at central ambient monitoring stations nearby the industries and the @entity1 's residences. RESULTS: Seventy-one major industries were selected between QC and BC, with a total of 2868 cases included in our analyses. More cases were exposed to emissions from major industries in QC than in BC (e.g. 2505 admissions near @entity9734 industrial emitters in QC vs 334 in BC), although air pollutant levels were similar. Odds ratios (ORs) for crude refinery and smelter emissions were positive in QC but more variable in BC. For example with PM2.5 in QC, ORs were 1.13 per 0.15t/day (95% CI: 1.00-1.27) and 1.03 (95% CI: 0.99-1.07) for refinery and smelter emissions, respectively. Pooled results of QC and BC for crude total @entity9734 emissions from all sources indicated a 1% increase (0-3%) in odds of hospital admissions per 1.50t/day increase in exposure. Associations with measured pollutant levels were only seen in BC, with @entity9734 and @entity6836 . CONCLUSION: Hospital admissions for wheezing diseases in young @entity1 were associated with community exposure to industrial air pollutant emissions. Future work is needed to better assess the risk of exposure to complex mixture of air pollutants from multiple industrial sources.

title: Respiratory hospital admissions in young XXXX living near metal smelters, pulp mills and oil refineries in two Canadian provinces.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity7459 :: ('MESH:D009585', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen dioxide']

entities_list: @entity9733 :: ('MESH:D013458', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfur dioxide']

entities_list: @entity5924 :: ('MESH:D001988', 'Disease') :: ['bronchiolitis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: Several risk estimation models for @entity5344 have been developed these last decades. All these models take into account the family history, with different levels of sophistication. Gail model was developed in 1989 taking into account the family history (0, 1 or > or = 2 affected relatives) and several environmental factors. In 1990, Claus model was the first to integrate explicit assumptions about genetic effects, assuming a single gene dominantly inherited occurring with a low frequency in the population. BRCAPRO model, posterior to the identification of @entity5345 and @entity2674 , assumes a restricted transmission with only these two dominantly inherited genes. BOADICEA model adds the effect of a polygenic component to the effect of @entity5345 and @entity2674 to explain the residual clustering of @entity0 . At last, IBIS model assumes a third dominantly inherited gene to explain this residual clustering. Moreover, this model incorporates environmental factors. We applied the Claus, BRCAPRO, BOADICEA and IBIS models to four clinical situations, corresponding to more or less heavy family histories, in order to study the consistency of the risk estimates. The three more recent models (BRCAPRO, BOADICEA and IBIS) gave the closer estimations. These estimates could be useful in clinical practice in front of complex analysis of @entity5344 family history.

title: [Estimation of individual XXXX risk: relevance and limits of risk estimation models].

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5344 :: ('MESH:D061325', 'Disease') :: ['breast and/or ovarian cancers', 'breast or ovarian cancers']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: The treatment of @entity2210 in the emergency department often consists of antacid in combination with viscous @entity3303 , even though the specific etiology of the @entity158 is frequently unknown. The efficacy of @entity3303 as a component of symptomatic therapy was evaluated in a randomized, @entity1 -blinded protocol. @entity1 presenting to the ED with dyspeptic symptoms were randomized to receive 30 mL of antacid (Mylanta II), or 30 mL of antacid plus 15 mL of 2% viscous @entity3303 (GI cocktail). @entity1 recorded their @entity158 score on an 11-cm linear analog scale prior to and 30 minutes after treatment. Seventy-six @entity1 were enrolled; three were excluded from analysis due to incomplete data. Thirty-four @entity1 were randomized to receive antacid and 39 to receive GI cocktail. @entity1 rated their baseline @entity158 at 6.4 +/- 2.8 cm in the antacid group and 6.7 +/- 2.7 cm in the cocktail group (P greater than .50). Improvement in @entity158 score with treatment was 0.9 +/- 2.9 cm in the antacid group compared with 4.0 +/- 3.4 cm in the GI cocktail group (P less than .0001). Assessment of @entity158 relief using a five-point rating scale also indicated greater relief with GI cocktail therapy compared with antacid alone (P = .004). No adverse effects were noted with either treatment. We conclude that a single dose of antacid and viscous @entity3303 provides a significantly greater degree of immediate @entity158 relief than antacid alone in @entity1 with @entity2210 .

title: The emergency department treatment of XXXX with antacids and oral @entity3303 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3303 :: ('MESH:D008012', 'Chemical') :: ['lidocaine']

entities_list: @entity2210 :: ('MESH:D004415', 'Disease') :: ['dyspepsia']

answer: @entity2210 :: (MESH:D004415,Disease) :: ['dyspepsia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: It has been suggested that scaling and root planing of all pockets within a few hours and @entity1216 treatments ( @entity2133 ) may reduce the need for supplementary therapies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical benefit of @entity115 and @entity868 administered immediately after completion of full-mouth periodontal debridement in @entity1 with @entity7278 . METHODS: This was a single-center, double-masked, placebo-controlled, randomized longitudinal study of 6 months' duration. Fifty-one @entity1 received full-mouth periodontal debridement, performed within 48 hours. Twenty-five subjects received @entity868 , 500 mg, and @entity115 , 375 mg, three times a day for 7 days; 26 subjects received a placebo. RESULTS: Forty-seven @entity1 could be followed up to month 6. No differences in clinical parameters were noted before treatment. The overall mean probing depth decreased from 4.3 +/- 0.4 mm to 3.0 +/- 0.2 mm in the test group and from 4.4 +/- 0.4 mm to 3.1 +/- 0.3 mm in the control group (P = 0.05, difference between groups). More importantly, test subjects had a significantly lower mean number of persisting pockets >4 mm and @entity548 on probing that required further treatment (P = 0.005): 6 months after full-mouth debridement plus antibiotics, only 0.4 +/- 0.8 persisting pockets were still present, whereas 3.0 +/- 4.3 persisting pockets were still present in the control group. The protective risk of the antibiotics for having more than one pocket deeper than 4 mm and @entity548 on probing per subject after 6 months was 8.85. CONCLUSION: Systemic @entity868 and @entity115 significantly improved the 6-month clinical outcomes of full-mouth non-surgical periodontal debridement, thus significantly reducing the need for additional therapy.

title: XXXX and @entity868 as an adjunct to full-mouth scaling and root planing of @entity7278 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1216 :: ('MESH:D002710', 'Chemical') :: ['chlorhexidine']

entities_list: @entity868 :: ('MESH:D008795', 'Chemical') :: ['metronidazole']

entities_list: @entity115 :: ('MESH:D000658', 'Chemical') :: ['amoxicillin']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity7278 :: ('MESH:D055113', 'Disease') :: ['chronic periodontitis']

entities_list: @entity2133 :: ('MESH:D014987', 'Disease') :: ['full-mouth disinfection']

answer: @entity115 :: (MESH:D000658,Chemical) :: ['Amoxicillin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Historically, @entity1729 have had a significant impact on U.S. military missions. Deployed troops are particularly at high risk due to close living conditions, stressful work environments and increased exposure to pathogens. To date, there are limited data available on acute @entity1576 (ARI) among troops deployed in support of ongoing @entity7441 , specifically Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) and Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF). METHODS: Using self-report data from two sources collected from troops deployed to Iraq, Afghanistan and the surrounding region, we analyzed incidence and risk factors for ARI. Military personnel on mid-deployment Rest _ Recuperation (R_R) or during redeployment were eligible to participate in the voluntary self-report survey. RESULTS: Overall, 39.5% reported having at least one ARI. Of these, 18.5% sought medical care and 33.8% reported having decreased job performance. The rate of self-reported ARI was 15 episodes per 100 @entity1 -months among those taking the voluntary survey, and 24.7 episodes per 100 @entity1 -months among those taking the clinic health questionnaire. Negative binomial regression analysis found female sex, Navy branch of service and lack of flush toilets to be independently associated with increased rates of ARI. Deployment to OIF, increasing age and higher rank were also positively associated with ARI risk. CONCLUSIONS: The overall percentage of deployed military personnel reporting at least one acute @entity1576 decreased since earlier parts of OIF/OEF. However, the reported effect on job performance increased tremendously. The most important factors associated with increased @entity1729 are female sex, Navy branch of service, lack of improved latrine facilities, deployment to OIF, increasing age and higher rank.

title: Self reported incidence and morbidity of acute XXXX among deployed U.S. military in Iraq and Afghanistan.

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory illness']

entities_list: @entity7441 :: ('MESH:D056987', 'Disease') :: ['military operations']

entities_list: @entity1729 :: ('MESH:D012141', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory infections', 'respiratory infection']

answer: @entity1576 :: (MESH:D012131,Disease) :: ['respiratory illness']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Daytime napping has been associated with poor health outcomes in adults. It is not known whether daytime napping is similarly linked to adverse health in adolescents, although many report napping. The present study evaluated associations between daytime napping and 2 markers of increased @entity32 , high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and @entity650 ( @entity650 ), in healthy high school students. METHODS: Two hundred thirty-four Black and White high school students completed a week of actigraph and diary measures of sleep and napping and provided a fasting blood sample. Napping measures were the proportion of days napped and the average minutes napped across 1 week during the school year. RESULTS: Linear regressions adjusted for age, sex, race, average nocturnal sleep duration, time between sleep protocol and blood draw, and body mass index percentile demonstrated that proportion of days napped measured by actigraphy, B(SE) = .41(.19), p < .05, across the full week was positively associated with @entity650 . Higher proportions of school days napped between 2 p.m. and 6 p.m., B(SE) = .40(.20), p < .05, and between 6 p.m. and 10 p.m., B(SE) = .57(.28), p < .05, were associated with increased @entity650 . No associations emerged between average actigraphy-assessed nap duration and either study outcome. Diary-reported napping was unrelated to either study outcome. CONCLUSIONS: Actigraphy-assessed napping and @entity650 are associated but the direction of the relationship remains to be determined. Overall, napping is an important factor to consider to better understand the relationship between short sleep and @entity65 in adolescents. (PsycINFO Database Record

title: Is daytime napping associated with XXXX in adolescents?

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular health']

answer: @entity32 :: (MESH:D007249,Disease) :: ['inflammation']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Chronic progressive generalized @entity1665 in dairy @entity291 has been anecdotally discussed in veterinary forums. OBJECTIVE: To describe subclinical changes in an otherwise apparently healthy animal with chronic progressive generalized @entity1665 . ANIMALS: One 10-month-old Jersey heifer. METHODS: Case report. RESULTS: A heifer was presented for chronic progressive @entity1665 . The skin was hyperpigmented and very thin (2.4    0.0 mm, compared with 8.1    0.3 mm measured in four contemporaneous Jersey heifers). Histopathological examination of the skin revealed severe @entity1373 , @entity5656 and @entity194 . Clinicopathological changes included hypocalcaemia that did not respond to @entity460 therapy. Serum @entity24585 ( @entity24585 ) was not detected, compared with 1.38    0.78 pmol/L in four contemporaneous Jersey heifers. A diagnosis of @entity261 was made based on hypocalcaemia and low @entity24585 in the presence of normal @entity1760 levels. The heifer was otherwise healthy and was allowed to continue normal life. @entity2208 occurred at 5.5 months of pregnancy and this was likely due to the presence of twin fetuses. Despite targeted therapy of the ensuing retained placenta, the heifer declined in health and had to be euthanized. From the time of diagnosis with @entity261 until euthanasia (29 months of age), blood levels of @entity460 , @entity3151 and @entity24585 were regularly monitored. @entity460 and @entity3151 levels varied widely. Serum @entity24585 was consistently undetectable. At postmortem examination, the parathyroid glands could not be located. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: To our knowledge, this is the first report of naturally occurring @entity261 in @entity291 and with a clinical presentation of @entity1665 .

title: Progressive XXXX associated with @entity261 in a Jersey heifer.

entities_list: @entity2208 :: ('MESH:D000022', 'Disease') :: ['A spontaneous abortion']

entities_list: @entity5656 :: ('MESH:D017488', 'Disease') :: ['orthokeratotic hyperkeratosis']

entities_list: @entity1373 :: ('MESH:D006965', 'Disease') :: ['epidermal hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity261 :: ('MESH:D007011', 'Disease') :: ['hypoparathyroidism']

entities_list: @entity194 :: ('MESH:D001284', 'Disease') :: ['diffuse follicular atrophy']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium', 'Calcium']

entities_list: @entity3151 :: ('MESH:D010758', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphorus']

entities_list: @entity1760 :: ('MESH:D008274', 'Chemical') :: ['magnesium']

answer: @entity1665 :: (MESH:D000505,Disease) :: ['alopecia']


abstract: PURPOSE: Extensive research into the molecular biology of @entity14 has identified a plethora of molecular markers reputed to provide independent prognostic information. @entity876 mutational status has been associated with both improved and reduced survival; however, @entity5 expressing a particular phenotype associated with defective mismatch repair consistently do better. This study was designed to examine site-specific survival implications of @entity876 and mismatch repair status. METHODS: Mismatch repair ( @entity6756 and @entity4311 ) and @entity876 status was investigated immunohistochemically in 111 proximal @entity694 along with @entity5 @entity2802 stage, grade, and extramural vascular invasion. Fisher's exact test was used to assess categoric data; univariate and multivariate models compared survival between the respective @entity5 phenotypes. RESULTS: Thirty-two percent of @entity5 showed loss of expression of @entity6756 and in a multivariate analysis were associated with a significant survival advantage after adjustment for @entity5 stage, @entity876 status, and extramural vascular invasion (hazard ratio, 0.29; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.1-0.87; P = 0.027). Only two @entity5 showed loss of expression of @entity4311 , which was not related further to survival. Aberrant @entity876 expression was detected in 39 percent of @entity5 . Such expression was found to be associated with a significantly reduced survival in univariate analysis (P = 0.037, log-rank test) but not in a multivariate model. Subgroup analysis showed no association between survival and @entity876 expression in mismatch repair proficient @entity5 . CONCLUSIONS: Loss of @entity6756 expression is an independent predicator of improved survival in this series and perhaps the underlying cause of the observed survival difference associated with @entity876 expression.

title: Prognostic implications of @entity6756 and XXXX immunohistochemical status in right-sided @entity694 .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon cancers']

answer: @entity876 :: (7157,Gene) :: ['p53']


abstract: The urgency of the @entity794 research is due to its ability to cause severe @entity281 : softtissue @entity281 , @entity884 , @entity295 , @entity137 , and @entity6766 . Coagulase-positive @entity794 is the main infection agent of @entity281 . This agent has many factors of pathogenicity, which are well known. Among the coagulase-negative @entity794 (CNS) strains, @entity5939 and @entity5938 are clinically important, because they cause @entity281 in @entity1 with weak immune system. The mechanisms of the CNS pathogenicity are insufficiently understood. The goal of this work was to evaluate the potential pathogenicity of clinical strains of CNS from their capacity to create biofilms and the character of their interaction with @entity1 body cells by the example of the HT-29 cell culture. The research was carried out in laboratory strain @entity16330 ATCC 29213 and clinical strains @entity5939 SH39, @entity5938 SE36-1 isolated from the neonatal autopsy materials. The visual tests of biofilm formation by each strain and testing of the impact of the strains on the cell culture HT-29 was carried out in this work. The two species of CNS form biofilms at a higher rate than @entity16330 . Upon incubation for 2 h of HT-29 cells with @entity794 strains tested in this work, adhesion of bacteria on cell surface was observed. The adhesion was most pronounced in case of @entity16330 ATCC 29213 and @entity5939 SH39. Upon 3 h of incubation with @entity16330 ATCC 29213 and @entity5939 SH39, destruction of cell HT-29 monolayer was observed. The incubation for 24 h with the 3 strains tested in this work caused complete destruction of cell HT-29 monolayer. The maximal toxic effect on HT-29 cells was inherent in the strain @entity5939 SH39. The aggregate of the results obtained in this work indicates the presence of the pathogenicity factors in the strains @entity5939 SH39, which require additional research.

title: [ABILITY OF @entity794 OF VARIOUS STRAINS TO CREATE BIOFILMS AND THEIR EFFECT ON XXXX BODY CELLS].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'human']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxic shock syndrome']

entities_list: @entity6766 :: ('MESH:D005517', 'Disease') :: ['food poisoning']

entities_list: @entity5938 :: ('1282', 'Species') :: ['S. epidermidis']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus', 'staphylococcus']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections', 'intrahospital infections']

entities_list: @entity5939 :: ('1283', 'Species') :: ['S. haemolyticus']

entities_list: @entity884 :: ('MESH:D004696', 'Disease') :: ['endocarditis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['HUMAN']


abstract: PURPOSE: Most causes of childhood @entity1939 are treatable or preventable. Knowledge of parents' awareness and perception of eye problems is important in helping to understand parents' eye care seeking behavior. This understanding becomes necessary as early detection and intervention can be effective when done at an early age. METHOD: Study was carried out in Benin City, Nigeria. Thirty-five parents aged 38-54 years with a mean age of 43(  2) years were recruited. Twenty six were females and nine males. Ten eye care practitioners aged 30-45 years with a mean age of 40 (  2) were included. Seven were males and three were females. Data was analyzed qualitatively and in percentages. RESULTS: Majority of parents were aware of common eye problems: Blurry vision (85.7%), measles in eye (48.5%), @entity231 (74.3%), @entity2024 (48.5%), itching and redness (74.3%), @entity5971 (34.3%), strabismus (57.1%), @entity851 (48.5%) and stye or hordeolum (57.1%). Too much @entity1735 , night reading and too much TV were some of the reasons given for bad eyesight. Self medication and use of local remedies for treatment of @entity2024 was common practice (94.3%). @entity2755 eyedrop was the most common drug used for any eye problem before visiting a doctor (80.0%). CONCLUSION: Parents are aware of common @entity2194 in @entity1 but have wrong perception of their causes. Programs to increase public awareness of causes of eye problems and harmful effects of self medication are advocated for to expose inherent dangers.

title: Parents' awareness and perception of @entity1 's XXXX in Nigeria.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity2194 :: ('MESH:D005128', 'Disease') :: ['eye diseases']

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['short sightedness']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

entities_list: @entity5971 :: ('MESH:D004948', 'Disease') :: ['crossed eyes']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity1939 :: ('MESH:D001766', 'Disease') :: ['blindness']

entities_list: @entity2024 :: ('MESH:D003231', 'Disease') :: ['conjunctivitis']

entities_list: @entity2755 :: ('MESH:D002701', 'Chemical') :: ['Chloramphenicol']

answer: @entity2194 :: (MESH:D005128,Disease) :: ['eye diseases']


abstract: Disabling @entity2631 of childhood (DPMC) is a rare and severe variant of @entity2631 . This report presents 3 cases that presented to the authors and studies 25 @entity1 from the literature (English language only) for the presence of @entity1489 . The authors identified a total of 30 @entity1 (9 male and 21 female) aged between 1 and 37 years at time of presentation. All cases were less than 14 years old when the disease started. The majority of @entity1 had an aggressive course with @entity75 leading to joint @entity1159 and immobility. Five @entity1 suffered from chronic nonhealing leg @entity1066 (17%), but @entity1066 were present on other parts of the body (upper limbs, trunk, head) as well (n = 6). Four @entity1 died because of complications of the disease such as @entity295 or @entity13879 . Two @entity1 developed a @entity957 at the age of 16 years and 19 years, respectively (6.7%). The available treatment of DMPC-associated @entity1066 is unsatisfying. Only temporary improvements have been seen in a minority of @entity1 . We report on marked improvement of @entity6008 by a combination of @entity7855 3 x 20 mg/day and repeated application of a porcine small intestinal submucosal acellular matrix.

title: Disabling @entity2631 of childhood poses a high risk of chronic ulceration of the skin and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['deep sclerotic lesions']

entities_list: @entity1489 :: ('MESH:D012878', 'Disease') :: ['chronic nonhealing ulcers of skin and skin cancer']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity2631 :: ('MESH:D012594', 'Disease') :: ['pansclerotic morphea', 'scleroderma']

entities_list: @entity7855 :: ('MESH:C101426', 'Chemical') :: ['sildenafil']

entities_list: @entity1159 :: ('MESH:D003286', 'Disease') :: ['contractures']

entities_list: @entity6008 :: ('MESH:D007871', 'Disease') :: ['chronic leg ulcers']

answer: @entity957 :: (MESH:D002294,Disease) :: ['squamous cell carcinoma']