abstract: The relative roles of motor unit firing rate modulation and recruitment were evaluated when individuals with cervical @entity1566 ( @entity1566 ) and able-bodied controls performed a brief (6 s), 50% maximal @entity2472 (50% MVC; target contraction) of triceps brachii every 10 s until it required maximal effort to achieve the target force. Mean (+/-SD) endurance times for @entity1566 and control subjects were 34+/-26 and 15+/-5 min, respectively, at which point significant reductions in maximal triceps force had occurred. Twitch occlusion analysis in controls indicated that force declines resulted largely from peripheral contractile failure. In @entity1566 subjects, triceps surface EMG and motor unit potential amplitude declined in parallel suggesting failure at axon branch points and/or alterations in muscle membrane properties. The force of low threshold units, measured by spike-triggered averaging, declined in @entity1566 but not control subjects, suggesting that higher threshold units fatigued in controls. Central @entity1295 was also obvious after @entity1566 . Mean (+/-SD) MVC motor unit firing rates declined significantly with @entity1295 for control (24.6+/-7.1 to 17.3+/-5.1Hz), but not @entity1566 subjects (25.9+/-12.7 to 20.1+/-9.7Hz). Unit firing rates were unchanged during target contractions for each subject group, but with the MVC rate decreases, units of @entity1566 and control subjects were activated intensely at endurance time (88% and 99% MVC rates, respectively). New unit recruitment also maintained the target contractions although it was limited after @entity1566 because many descending inputs to triceps motoneurons were disrupted. This resulted in sparse EMG, even during MVCs, but allowed the same unit to be recorded throughout. These EMG data showed that both unit recruitment and rate modulation were important for maintaining force during repeated submaximal intermittent contractions of triceps brachii muscles performed by @entity1566 subjects. Similar results were found for control subjects. Muscles weakened by @entity1566 may therefore provide a useful model in which to directly study motor unit rate modulation and recruitment during weak or strong @entity2472 .

title: The role of motor unit rate modulation versus recruitment in repeated XXXX performed by control and spinal cord injured subjects.

entities_list: @entity1566 :: ('MESH:D013119', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord injury', 'SCI']

entities_list: @entity2472 :: ('MESH:C536214', 'Disease') :: ['voluntary contractions', 'voluntary contraction']

answer: @entity2472 :: (MESH:C536214,Disease) :: ['submaximal voluntary contractions']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess whether the common @entity41131 ( @entity20645 ) variant in @entity2839 is related to metabolic risk markers in pregnant @entity1 and to @entity6 ( @entity6 ). DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Hospital. @entity1 (S): A total of 561 pregnant @entity1 : 318 without and 243 with @entity6 (National @entity6 Data Group criteria). INTERVENTION(S): None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES(S): @entity41131 variant in @entity2839 (Taqman technology). Fasting @entity413 , insulin (homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance and b-cell function [HOMA-IR and -b]) and C-peptide assessed at 24-28 weeks' gestation. RESULT(S): In @entity6 @entity1 , the G allele in @entity41131 was associated with lower HOMA-IR (CC: 1.3    0.1 mIU/L; GG: 0.9    0.1 mIU/L) and HOMA-b (CC: 165    20 mIU/L; GG: 118    10 mIU/L). In @entity6 @entity1 , the G allele was related to lower body mass index (BMI; CC: 27.9    1.0 kg/m(2); GG: 24.5    0.6 kg/m(2)) and C-peptide (CC: 2.3    0.1 ng/mL; GG: 1.6    0.1 ng/mL). The GG genotype was less frequently observed in @entity6 @entity1 (18% vs. 26%), particularly in heavier @entity6 @entity1 (BMI > median: 14% vs. 28%). CONCLUSION(S): In pregnant @entity1 , the G allele for the @entity41131 variant in @entity2839 is associated with a more favorable metabolic phenotype and may protect against the development of @entity6 , particularly in heavier @entity1 .

title: A common gene variant in @entity2839 is associated with metabolic risk markers and XXXX during gestation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'PATIENT']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetes', 'gestational diabetes mellitus', 'non-GDM', 'GDM']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']


abstract: @entity2791 is a consequence of generalized @entity731 and many specialists perform routine selective renal angiography to detect and treat @entity2791 . The incidence of clinically important @entity2791 is not well defined in @entity1 with symptomatic @entity3657 . The purpose of this study was to better delineate the incidence of and the risk factors associated with @entity2791 , @entity2792 , and @entity8 incidentally discovered during angiography for symptomatic @entity3657 . Two hundred consecutive @entity1 undergoing angiographic evaluation of symptomatic lower extremity @entity3657 were studied retrospectively. Angiograms were reviewed for the presence of @entity2791 (defined as >or= 25% diameter reduction in either @entity8 ) and findings were then correlated to the clinical diagnosis of @entity2792 (> 50% @entity2791 and >or= 3-drug resistive @entity101 ) and @entity8 (defined as > 50% bilateral @entity2791 , 3-drug @entity101 , and @entity1011 >or= 1.5). Angiographic findings were also correlated with risk factors to determine if a relationship correlated to the presence of and degree of @entity2791 . Data were analyzed using the Student's t test, Chi-square model, and multiple logistic regression analysis. The overall incidence of any degree of @entity2791 in this study population was 26% (52 @entity1 ). Only 24 (12%) @entity1 had an incidental finding of >or= 50% stenosis in either @entity8 . Six (3%) of these @entity1 were found to have associated @entity2792 . Additionally, 9 (4.5%) @entity1 had coexistent @entity177 and significant @entity2791 ; five with @entity454 on chronic hemodialysis. Only one @entity1 with @entity454 had poorly controlled 3-drug @entity101 . Thus definitive @entity8 was present in only one (0.5%) @entity1 . Statistically significant risk factors associated with the presence of @entity2791 include @entity101 (P < .001), @entity301 (P = .024), female gender (P = .010), @entity6 (P = .039), aorto-iliac disease (P = .031), multiple levels of @entity3657 (P < .001), and age over 60 ( P < .001). While the incidence of @entity2791 in @entity1 being evaluated for symptomatic @entity3657 is similar to that reported in the cardiology literature, the incidence of @entity2792 and @entity8 is exceedingly low (3% and 0.5%, respectively)-findings similar to data reported in the general @entity101 population. These data suggest that incidental selective renal angiography is not justified in @entity1 with symptomatic @entity3657 .

title: Is incidental renal arteriography justified in a population of @entity1 with symptomatic XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal artery', 'ischemic nephropathy']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity3657 :: ('MESH:D058729', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral arterial disease']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary disease']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity2792 :: ('MESH:D006978', 'Disease') :: ['renovascular hypertension']

entities_list: @entity2791 :: ('MESH:D012078', 'Disease') :: ['Renal artery stenosis', 'renal artery stenosis']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage renal disease']

answer: @entity3657 :: (MESH:D058729,Disease) :: ['peripheral arterial disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity28 may affect cardiovascular outcomes in the offspring. We examined the associations of maternal prepregnancy body mass index and gestational @entity1017 with childhood cardiac outcomes and explored whether these associations were explained by parental characteristics, @entity1 characteristics, or childhood body mass index. METHODS: In a population-based prospective cohort study among 4852 parents and their @entity1 , we obtained maternal weight before pregnancy and in early-, mid- and late-pregnancy. At age 6 years, we measured aortic root diameter (cm) and left ventricular dimensions. We calculated left ventricular mass (g), left ventricular mass index (g/m(2.7)), relative wall thickness ((2*left ventricular posterior wall thickness)/left ventricular diameter), fractional shorting (%), @entity4346 and concentric remodeling. RESULTS: A one @entity5494 ( @entity5494 ) higher maternal prepregnancy body mass index was associated with higher left ventricular mass (0.10 @entity5494 (95% Confidence Interval (CI) 0.08, 0.13)), left ventricular mass index (0.06 @entity5494 (95% CI 0.03, 0.09)) and aortic root diameter (0.09 @entity5494 (95% CI 0.06, 0.12)), but not with relative wall thickness or fractional shortening. A one @entity5494 higher maternal prepregnancy body mass index was associated with an increased risk of @entity4346 (odds ratio 1.21 (95% CI 1.03, 1.41)), but not of concentric remodeling. When analyzing the effects of maternal weight in different periods simultaneously, only maternal prepregnancy weight and @entity2099 weight were associated with left ventricular mass, left ventricular mass index and aortic root diameter (P-values<0.05), independent of weight in other pregnancy periods. All observed associations were independent of parental and @entity1 characteristics, but attenuated to non-significance after adjustment for childhood body mass index. CONCLUSION: Maternal prepregnancy body mass index and @entity1017 in @entity2099 are both associated with offspring cardiac structure in childhood, but these associations seem to be fully explained by childhood body mass index.International Journal of Obesity accepted article preview online, 04 May 2016. doi:10.1038/ijo.2016.86.

title: @entity28 , gestational XXXX and childhood cardiac outcomes: Role of childhood body mass index.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity5494 :: ('MESH:D010262', 'Disease') :: ['standard deviation score', 'SDS']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['Maternal obesity']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['weight gain']

entities_list: @entity4346 :: ('MESH:D017379', 'Disease') :: ['eccentric left ventricular hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity2099 :: ('MESH:D011254', 'Disease') :: ['early pregnancy']

answer: @entity1017 :: (MESH:D015430,Disease) :: ['weight gain']


abstract: This Phase II study evaluated the combination of two active agents in @entity151 ( @entity151 ): @entity3003 and @entity1260 . Thirty previously untreated @entity1 (27 @entity1 and 3 @entity1 ) with a median age of 59 years were included in this study. Twelve @entity1 had one metastatic site and 18 had two or more metastatic sites. The median performance status was 80%. The chemotherapy (CT) regimen administered during the course of this study consisted of @entity3003 (300 mg/m2) and @entity1260 (4 g/m2) plus mesna every 4 weeks. All 30 @entity1 were evaluable: 1 achieved a complete remission (CR) and 18 achieved a partial remission (PR) (objective response rate, 63%). The median response time was 3 months and the median survival time was 8 months (range, 1 to 25+ months). @entity236 was Grade III in three @entity1 and Grade IV in four @entity1 . The @entity3003 and @entity1260 combination was well tolerated. No cross-resistance with the @entity632 and @entity2879 regimen was established because 4 of 11 @entity1 responded to this combination (+/- @entity900 ) after failing to respond to the @entity1260 and @entity3003 regimen. The @entity1260 and @entity3003 combination may be considered for inclusion in non-cross-resistant alternating CT schedules.

title: A phase II study of the combination of @entity3003 and XXXX in previously untreated metastatic @entity151 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['carboplatin']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity2879 :: ('MESH:D005047', 'Chemical') :: ['etoposide']

entities_list: @entity1260 :: ('MESH:D007069', 'Chemical') :: ['ifosfamide']

entities_list: @entity236 :: ('MESH:D001855', 'Disease') :: ['Bone marrow toxicity']

entities_list: @entity151 :: ('MESH:D055752', 'Disease') :: ['SCLC', 'small cell lung carcinoma']

answer: @entity1260 :: (MESH:D007069,Chemical) :: ['ifosfamide']


abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of percutaneous radiofrequency (RF) ablation versus microwave (MW) ablation for @entity157 ( @entity157 ) measuring  <= 5 cm in greatest diameter. From January 2006 to December 2006, 78 @entity1 had undergone RF ablation whereas 77 had undergone MW ablation. Complete ablation (CA), local @entity5 progression (LTP) and distant recurrence (DR) were compared. The overall survival curves were calculated with the Kaplan-Meier technique and compared with the log-rank test. The CA rate was 83.4% (78/93) for RF ablation and 86.7%(91/105 for MW ablation. The LTP rate was 11.8% (11/93) for RF ablation and 10.5% (11/105) for MW ablation. DR was found in 51 (65.4%) in the RF ablation and 62 (80.5%) in the MW ablation. There was no significant difference in the 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival rates (P = 0.780) and the 1-, 3-, and 5-year disease-free survival rates (P = 0.123) between RF and MW ablation. At subgroup analyses, for @entity1 with @entity5  <= 3.0 cm, there was no significant difference in the 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival rates (P = 0.067) and the corresponding disease-free survival rates(P = 0.849). For @entity1 with @entity5 diameters of 3.1-5.0 cm, the 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival rates were 87.1%, 61.3%, and 40.1% for RF ablation and 85.4%, 36.6%, and 22% for MW ablation, with no significant difference (P = 0.068). The corresponding disease-free survival rates were 74.2%, 54.8%, and 45.2% for the RF ablation group and 53.3%, 26.8%, and 17.1% for the MW ablation group. The disease-free survival curve for the RF ablation group was significantly better than that for the MW ablation group (P = 0.018). RF ablation and MW ablation are both effective methods in treating @entity157 , with no significant differences in CA, LTP, DR, and overall survival.

title: Therapeutic efficacy of percutaneous radiofrequency ablation versus microwave ablation for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'hepatocellular carcinoma', 'hepatocellular carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors', 'tumour']

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']


abstract: Full clinical and laboratory details of 203 @entity1 with @entity282 were submitted to a panel of hepatologists. All @entity1 whose @entity1087 may have had an identifiable cause were excluded, which left 76 @entity1 with unexplained @entity99 following @entity1508 anaesthesia (UHFH). @entity99 in 95% of these cases followed multiple exposure to @entity1508 , with repeated exposure within four weeks in 55% of cases. Twenty-nine @entity1 were @entity28 , 52 were aged 41-70, and 53 were @entity1 . Thirteen @entity1 died in @entity879 . Rapid onset of @entity1087 after anaesthesia, male sex, and @entity28 in either sex were poor prognostic signs. Of the clinical stigmata of @entity56 , only @entity1712 was impressive. The UHFH group had a much greater incidence of liver kidney microsomal (LKM) and thyroid antibodies and autoimmune complement fixation than those @entity1 whose @entity1087 related to identifiable factors. Thirteen of the 19 @entity1 with LKM antibodies also had thyroid antibodies. In six @entity1 retested two to three years later LKM antibodies had disappeared, although thyroid antibodies persisted. Rapidly repeated exposure to @entity1508 may cause @entity99 , but such a complication is probably rare. Possibly @entity28 @entity1 with a tendency to organ-specific autoimmunity may be more at risk. Nevertheless, the comparative risks of rapidly repeated @entity1508 or non- @entity1508 anaesthesia cannot be determined from the present data. If alternative satisfactory agents are available @entity1508 should be avoided in @entity1 with unexplained @entity99 after previous exposure, although in three to five @entity1 with UHFH who were re-exposed to @entity1508 @entity1087 did not recur.

title: Unexplained XXXX following @entity1508 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1712 :: ('MESH:D004802', 'Disease') :: ['eosinophilia']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['Hepatitis', 'hepatitis']

entities_list: @entity1508 :: ('MESH:D006221', 'Chemical') :: ['halothane']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity', 'obese']

entities_list: @entity879 :: ('MESH:D017114', 'Disease') :: ['acute hepatic failure']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['hypersensitivity']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative jaundice']

answer: @entity99 :: (MESH:D056486,Disease) :: ['hepatitis']


abstract: We describe the association of recurrent complicated @entity410 , @entity245 , @entity2055 , and @entity28 in three unrelated @entity1 . The three @entity1 , aged 3 to 4 years, were all born to healthy, nonconsanguineous parents and have normal siblings. Their birth weight was appropriate for gestational age. They are not dysmorphic and have normal head circumference. Development is delayed; they all walked with an ataxic gait after the age of 2 years and started speaking at 3 years. Their growth charts are remarkably alike: they initially had a normal growth curve and around 24 months of age started to gain weight excessively. They all continue to suffer from @entity410 , which started before 12 months of age, and are resistant to prophylactic anticonvulsants. Metabolic evaluation is normal. They have normal magnetic resonance images and electroencephalograms. Fragile X and @entity6038 were ruled out. We suggest that this is a new @entity1032 that should be considered in @entity1 with recurrent @entity410 , @entity245 , and @entity28 . In a recent study, mutations in the @entity1227 @entity460 channel were identified in the mutant @entity302 @entity19 that presents with @entity302 , @entity1032 , and @entity2055 . We hypothesize that a @entity460 channel gene may be involved in this syndrome.

title: Febrile @entity410 , @entity2055 , @entity245 , and XXXX : a new syndrome?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'girls']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['complicated febrile seizures', 'febrile convulsions']

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['mental retardation', 'mental retardation syndrome']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity245 :: ('MESH:D002658', 'Disease') :: ['developmental delay']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epileptic', 'epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity6038 :: ('MESH:D011218', 'Disease') :: ['Prader-Willi syndromes']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obesity']


abstract: Fibronectin (FN) is a multidomain extracellular matrix protein that induces attachment and chemotactic migration of fibroblastic cells. In this study we analyzed the molecular determinants involved in the FN-induced chemotactic migration of normal and SV40-transformed 3T3 cells. Two different monoclonal antibodies to the cell-binding site of FN blocked chemotaxis to a 140-kD FN fragment (Ca 140) containing the cell-binding domain. A monoclonal antibody to a determinant distant from the cell-binding site did not affect chemotaxis. A synthetic @entity18847 , @entity41983 , which represents the major cell-attachment sequence, was able to compete with FN and the Ca 140 fragment in chemotaxis assays, but this peptide itself had no significant chemotactic activity. A larger peptide encompassing this sequence, GRGDSP, was chemotactic, while the peptide GRGESP, where a @entity367 residue was substituted for @entity2574 , was inactive. Chemotactic migration could be prevented in a dose-dependent manner by a rabbit polyclonal antiserum to a 140-kD cell surface FN receptor. This antibody was more effective on normal than on transformed 3T3 cells. Neither the anti-FN receptor antiserum nor a monoclonal antibody to the cell-binding site of FN blocked migration induced by another potent chemoattractant, platelet-derived growth factor. These data indicate that FN-induced chemotaxis of 3T3 and @entity19 cells is mediated via the @entity41983 cell-attachment site of FN and the 140-kD cell surface FN receptor. The interaction is specific and can be altered by transformation.

title: Chemotaxis of 3T3 and XXXX cells to fibronectin is mediated through the cell-attachment site in fibronectin and a fibronectin cell surface receptor.

entities_list: @entity18847 :: ('CHEBI:48030', 'Chemical') :: ['tetrapeptide']

entities_list: @entity367 :: ('CHEBI:18237', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamic acid']

entities_list: @entity2574 :: ('CHEBI:22660', 'Chemical') :: ['aspartic acid']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['SV3T3']


abstract: Sixteen @entity1 with @entity263 were treated with 200 mg of @entity3429 daily. No other kind of hormonal treatment was administered. Increasing skeletal metastases were observed in 6 @entity1 , whereas significant reduction of metastases took place in 2 @entity1 . Objective relief of stranguria was observed only in 3 @entity1 . The amount of residual urine increased in 3 @entity1 and was reduced in 5. In about one third of the @entity1 , the prostate gland became smaller and softer. The acidic phosphatases decreased from pathological to normal values in 7 @entity1 . There were no observed hepatic, renal or haemotological side-effects. However, serious @entity455 occurred in 6 @entity1 , while arterial @entity101 developed in 4. It is suggested that @entity3429 cannot be recommended as the only kind of hormonal treatment of @entity263 .

title: Treatment of XXXX with @entity3429 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3429 :: ('MESH:D017373', 'Chemical') :: ['Cyproterone acetate']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['cardio-vascular complications']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostatic carcinoma', 'prostatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostatic carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although adherence to the Mediterranean diet has long been associated with lower incidence of various @entity102 among apparently healthy individuals, its relationship with the severity and short prognosis (30 d) of @entity1 with @entity65 has rarely been investigated. OBJECTIVE: We sought to evaluate the association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and the severity and prognosis of @entity1187 . METHODS: From October 2003 to September 2004, a sample of 6 hospitals located in several urban and rural Greek regions was selected, and almost all survivors after an @entity1187 were enrolled into the study (2172 @entity1 were included in the study; 76% were @entity1 and 24% @entity1 ). Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was assessed by a diet score that incorporated the inherent characteristics of this diet. Higher values of the score (range 0-55) were closer to the Mediterranean diet. Biochemical indices of @entity296 were also considered. RESULTS: Diet score was inversely correlated with entry values of cardiac troponin I (rho = -0.19, P < 0.001), @entity908 phosphokinase (rho = -0.09, P < 0.001), and @entity908 phosphokinase-MB (rho = -0.09, P < 0.001). An increment in the diet score was associated with significant decrease in troponin I and @entity908 phosphokinase-MB levels (P < 0.01) after adjusting for various potential confounders. Moreover, diet score was associated with lower risk of recurrent events (odds ratio = 0.81, 95% confidence interval 0.61-0.98). However, this association became insignificant when the discharge diagnosis of the @entity1 was taken into account. CONCLUSION: Background dietary habits close to the Mediterranean diet seem to be associated with lower severity of @entity301 .

title: The relationship between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and the severity and short-term prognosis of @entity1187 ( @entity1187 ): The Greek Study of XXXX (The GREECS).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['acute coronary syndrome', 'acute coronary syndromes']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial damage']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary heart disease']

entities_list: @entity908 :: ('MESH:D003401', 'Chemical') :: ['creatine']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic diseases']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity1187 :: (MESH:D054058,Disease) :: ['ACS']


abstract: We have analyzed, cytogenetically and by flow DNA cytometry, three @entity1 @entity421 . From one case, both the @entity5 (T9) and three of its serial passages in @entity19 were analyzed. From the two other @entity5 (T1, T4), nude @entity19 xenografts were examined. Complex karyotypic rearrangements were invariably found in the short-term culture preparations. The major clones were hypodiploid in T1 but near-triploid in all other @entity5 samples. No rearrangement common to all @entity5 could be identified. The DNA indexes were 1.0/2.0 (T1), 1.4 (T4), 0.9/1.8 (T9 primary), and 1.7 (all T9 xenografts). Thus, there was good correlation between the DNA indexes and the chromosome numbers. Chromosomal evolution could be studied in one case, in which both the @entity5 (T9) and its xenograft passages (1, 4, and 7), obtained 1, 7, and 11 months after the first transplantation of T9 cells to @entity19 , were analyzed. All but one of the clonal marker chromosomes found in the @entity5 were retained in all passages. On the other hand, several new clonal markers developed.

title: Cytogenetic and quantitative DNA analysis of primary and xenografted XXXX @entity421 .

entities_list: @entity421 :: ('MESH:D012516', 'Disease') :: ['osteosarcomas']

entities_list: @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mouse', 'nude mice']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'primary tumor', 'tumors']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: The MRL/1 and New Zealand black-New Zealand white cross (NZB x W) @entity19 spontaneously develop a disease similar to @entity1252 in @entity1 . The effect of antihypertensive treatment on MRL/1 and NZB x W @entity19 was studied with respect to survival, blood pressure, @entity644 , haematuria and renal histopathology. The treatment consisted of @entity14206 ( @entity14206 ) inhibitors ( @entity3371 and @entity4688 ) and @entity17268 , a sympathetic blocker. Tail systolic blood pressure was measured with a strain gauge technique. All antihypertensive drugs caused a @entity551 in both strains. In MRL/1 bretylium and both @entity14206 inhibitors improved renal histopathology, but only @entity3371 prolonged survival, and it decreased @entity644 and haematuria. In NZB x W @entity3371 decreased @entity644 but did not influence survival or renal histopathology. Bretylium was without any effect on these parameters. At the doses used @entity3371 improves survival in MRL/1 @entity19 and decreases @entity644 and haematuria in both MRL/1 and NZB x W @entity19 . Since bretylium and enalapril lack this property despite a similar blood pressure reduction, it seems to be a drug-specific action.

title: Effect of @entity3371 on XXXX @entity1252 .

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity4688 :: ('MESH:D004656', 'Chemical') :: ['enalapril']

entities_list: @entity1252 :: ('MESH:D008180', 'Disease') :: ['systemic lupus erythematosus']

entities_list: @entity3371 :: ('CHEBI:3380', 'Chemical') :: ['captopril']

entities_list: @entity14206 :: ('11421(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['angiotensin converting enzyme', 'ACE']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['reduction in blood pressure']

entities_list: @entity17268 :: ('MESH:C045166', 'Chemical') :: ['bretylium']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['murine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The prevalence of @entity881 ( @entity881 ) in @entity1641 with acute surgical @entity344 is unknown. Currently, there are no validated criteria to confirm @entity881 in adult @entity1641 . OBJECTIVES: To develop criteria for a @entity881 score for @entity1641 with acute surgical colic ( @entity881 SGI) and evaluate the association with 6-month survival. To compare the @entity881 SGI score with a @entity881 score extrapolated from criteria used in @entity1 ( @entity881 EQ). ANIMALS: Adult @entity1641 that required exploratory laparotomy (n = 62) for colic. Healthy adult @entity1641 undergoing elective surgical procedures (n = 12) established the reference range of some variables. METHODS: Prospectively, a @entity881 SGI score was developed based on organ-specific criteria established from a literature review, data collection, and clinical judgment. Data for scoring each @entity1641 were collected on Days 1 and 2 postoperatively. @entity1641 were scored retrospectively using both scoring criteria. The prognostic performance of the @entity881 SGI score and its overall performance compared with the @entity881 EQ score were assessed with receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. RESULTS: The @entity881 SGI score had excellent performance for predicting 6-month survival with an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.95 (95% CI: 0.87-0.99). The AUC for the @entity881 SGI score was significantly higher than the @entity881 EQ (AUC: 0.76; 0.63-0.86). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: The @entity881 SGI score predicts 6-month survival from discharge in @entity1641 with acute surgical colic. The @entity881 SGI score performed better than a score extrapolated from @entity1 scoring systems.

title: Scoring System for Multiple Organ Dysfunction in Adult @entity1641 with Acute XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'people']

entities_list: @entity1641 :: ('9796', 'Species') :: ['Horses', 'horse', 'horses']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal (GI) disease']

entities_list: @entity881 :: ('MESH:D009102', 'Disease') :: ['multiple organ dysfunction syndrome', 'MODS']

answer: @entity344 :: (MESH:D005767,Disease) :: ['Surgical Gastrointestinal Disease']


abstract: Apolipoproteins have an important role in lipid metabolism and transport. Polymorphisms in the @entity1675 /C3/A4/A5 gene cluster have been associated with lipid alterations and @entity65 . We investigated @entity1675 XmnI, @entity23353 @entity41943 , and @entity23353 @entity23354 polymorphisms in 377 individuals from a cohort of a longitudinal Brazilian elderly study. Allele frequencies, genotype distribution, and association with major morbidities as well as with lipids, @entity1011 , albumin, @entity1133 , glycated hemoglobin, and fasting @entity413 serum levels were investigated. Linkage disequilibrium and haplotype associations were also analyzed. This is the first time that haplotypes involving these polymorphisms were evaluated. Genotyping was performed by PCR-RFLP. Minor allele frequencies were 0.119, 0.071, and 0.158 for XmnI, @entity41943 , and @entity23354 polymorphisms, respectively. We found a significant association of the -1131C allele with low LDL-C levels. We also observed that XmnI and @entity41943 polymorphisms were in linkage disequilibrium. The C/G haplotype, which is composed of the wild-type allele of XmnI and the minor allele of @entity41943 , was associated with high total @entity165 serum levels in this elderly population. We conclude that the @entity23354 polymorphism and the C/G haplotype, including XmnI and @entity41943 polymorphisms, are associated with alterations in lipid levels and may be risk factors for @entity65 in the Brazilian elderly.

title: Association of @entity1675 and XXXX polymorphisms and haplotypes with lipid parameters in a Brazilian elderly cohort.

entities_list: @entity41943 :: ('p|SUB|S|19|W', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['S19W']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease', 'cardiovascular diseases']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity23353 :: (116519,Gene) :: ['APOA5']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Systematic literature review of the controlled studies published in the last 15 years on @entity51 in @entity162 . METHOD: Bibliographical research was completed through Medline, Lilacs, PubMed and ISI, specifically for 1990 to 2005 period. Selected studies were organized beginning with the comparison among the selected sample ( @entity162 versus other pathology versus control healthy). We included only controlled studies with a @entity1 sample larger than 10, and 73 papers were found, being that 53 selected for this systematic review. RESULTS: @entity1 with @entity162 present difficulties in several cognitive domains which partially persist even after acute episodes acute episodes. The @entity73 basically the executive functions. When compared to @entity161 , @entity162 @entity1 present milder deficits in the neuropsychological tests, which may explain differences in terms of disease outcome and specific circuitry abnormalities. There was a positive correlation between @entity73 and number of episodes or hospitalizations. The medications used for mood stabilization can produce a negative impact on cognition. CONCLUSIONS: The abnormalities suggest a dysfunction in specific frontostriatal circuits, and may partially explain the difficulties in the psychosocial adaptation of these @entity1 . Future studies should evaluate the effectiveness of neuropsychological rehabilitation programs, which seek through cognitive training to minimize the impact of these deficits in the every day life.

title: [Neuropsychological disturbances in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['Bipolar Disorder', 'bipolar']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive deficits', 'deficits impaired']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neuropsychological deficits']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

answer: @entity162 :: (MESH:D001714,Disease) :: ['bipolar disorder']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: African Americans have a lower @entity14 screening rate than whites and higher disease incidence and mortality. Despite wide acceptance of colonoscopy for accurate screening, increasing promotion of high-sensitivity stool test screening, such as the @entity1241 ( @entity1241 ), may narrow racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic disparities in screening. This study provides formative research data to develop an intervention to increase @entity14 screening among underinsured and uninsured African Americans in central North Carolina. METHODS: We held 4 focus groups to explore knowledge, beliefs, and attitudes about @entity14 screening, particularly @entity1241 . @entity1 (n = 28) were African American adults recruited from neighborhoods with high levels of poverty and unemployment. Constructs from the diffusion of innovation theory were used to develop the discussion guide. RESULTS: In all groups, @entity1 noted that lack of knowledge about @entity14 contributes to low screening use. Attitudes about @entity1241 sorted into 4 categories of "innovation characteristics": relative advantage of @entity1241 compared with no screening and with other screening tests; compatibility with personal beliefs and values; test complexity; and test trialability. A perceived barrier to @entity1241 and other stool tests was risk of incurring costs for diagnostic follow-up. CONCLUSION: Community-based @entity1241 screening interventions should include provider recommendation, @entity1 education to correctly perform @entity1241 , modified @entity1241 design to address negative attitudes about stool tests, and assurance of affordable follow-up for positive @entity1241 results.

title: Exploring perceptions of XXXX and fecal immunochemical testing among African Americans in a North Carolina community.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patient', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity1241 :: ('MESH:D005242', 'Disease') :: ['FIT', 'fecal immunochemical test']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Cervicovaginal fluid (CVF) samples may be a feasible alternative to @entity6703 ( @entity6703 ) sampling in @entity1 with preterm @entity397 of the membranes (PPROMs), because @entity13493 causes @entity6703 to spill into the CVF. We aimed to assess the correlation and limits of agreement of @entity687 ( @entity687 ) levels between CVF and @entity6703 in @entity1 with @entity13493 and to compare the clinical value of CVF @entity687 to @entity6703 @entity687 for the prediction of microbial invasion of @entity2907 (MIAC). A retrospective cohort observational study was conducted on 85 @entity1 with singleton pregnancies (24-34 weeks) presenting with @entity13493 . The CVF samples were obtained simultaneously with @entity6703 samples retrieved by transabdominal amniocentesis. The levels of @entity687 in paired CVF and @entity6703 samples were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in the same plate in duplicate using the same dilutions. The prevalence of a positive @entity6703 culture was 40% (34 of 85). The CVF @entity687 levels were significantly and positively correlated with @entity6703 @entity687 levels (r = 0.778). However, the level of agreement between CVF and @entity6703 @entity687 levels yielded a Cohen k statistic of 0.276. Paired Student t test revealed that the difference between CVF and @entity6703 @entity687 levels was statistically significant. The area under the curve for @entity6703 @entity687 was significantly higher than that for CVF @entity687 (P = .013). In @entity1 with @entity13493 , @entity687 levels in CVF were significantly correlated with, but were significantly different from, those in @entity6703 samples. The CVF @entity687 has moderate predictive capability for the risk of MIAC, but this is inferior to @entity6703 @entity687 .

title: Measurement of @entity687 in Cervicovaginal Fluid in XXXX With @entity13493 Rupture of Membranes: A Comparison of Amniotic Fluid Samples.

entities_list: @entity2907 :: ('MESH:D000652', 'Disease') :: ['amniotic cavity']

entities_list: @entity397 :: ('MESH:D012421', 'Disease') :: ['premature rupture']

entities_list: @entity6703 :: ('MESH:D004619', 'Disease') :: ['amniotic fluid', 'AF']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Women']


abstract: AIMS: @entity1 with @entity956 are believed to be at lower risk of @entity1031 than @entity1 with @entity955 . However, the incidence of atrial thrombi and the need for anticoagulation in @entity1 with @entity956 is not well established. METHODS AND RESULTS: A prospective observational multicentre study was undertaken to assess the frequency of atrial thrombi and spontaneous echocontrast and the prevalence for aortic @entity731 in a cohort of unselected @entity1 with @entity956 . We evaluated 134 @entity1 (102 male, aged 70+/-9 years); exclusion criteria were history of @entity955 , @entity627 and mitral mechanical prosthesis. The median of @entity956 was 33 days. Twelve @entity1 had been taking @entity1229 for more than 7 days. One hundred and twenty-four @entity1 (94%) underwent a transoesophageal echocardiogram, which revealed left atrial appendage thrombi in two @entity1 (1.6%) and right atrial thrombi in one @entity1 (1%). At least moderate left atrial echocontrast was found in 16/124 @entity1 (13%). Complex @entity731 aortic plaques were detected in 10 @entity1 (8%). @entity956 was attempted in 93/134 @entity1 (69%). At the 1-month follow-up, two @entity1 experienced a @entity1031 following restoration of sinus rhythm. CONCLUSIONS: Atrial thrombi and echocontrast, and complex aortic @entity731 plaques are relatively uncommon in @entity1 with @entity956 . @entity887 was observed in two @entity1 in our study population.

title: XXXX risk in @entity956 . The FLASIEC (FLutter Atriale Societ   Italiana di Ecografia Cardiovascolare) multicentre study.

entities_list: @entity627 :: ('MESH:D012216', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatic mitral valve disease']

entities_list: @entity887 :: ('MESH:D004617', 'Disease') :: ['Post-cardioversion embolism']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['thromboembolism', 'thromboembolic event']

entities_list: @entity956 :: ('MESH:D001282', 'Disease') :: ['atrial flutter', 'atrial flutter duration', 'Atrial flutter conversion']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerotic', 'complex atherosclerotic lesions']

entities_list: @entity1229 :: ('MESH:D014859', 'Chemical') :: ['warfarin']

answer: @entity1031 :: (MESH:D013923,Disease) :: ['Thromboembolic']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5052 is a common feature in @entity1 with @entity740 ( @entity740 ). @entity5052 has been associated with increased cardiovascular mortality in the general population, but less is known about this association in @entity1 with @entity740 . METHODS: To explore possible associations of serum @entity414 with all-cause mortality and comorbidity in @entity1 with @entity740 , we studied 294 incident @entity1 with @entity740 stage 5 (185 @entity1 ; age, 53 +/- 12 years) starting renal replacement therapy with a median glomerular filtration rate of 6.4 mL/min/1.73 m(2) (0.11 mL/s/1.73 m(2); range, 0.8 to 14.3 mL/min/1.73 m(2) [0.01 to 0.24 mL/s/1.73 m(2)]). Survival was determined from the day of examination and during a mean follow-up period of 27 months (range, 3 to 72 months); 94 @entity1 died. @entity1 were divided into 3 groups based on serum @entity414 levels (low quintile, 3 middle quintiles, and high quintile). RESULTS: In a nonadjusted analysis, @entity1 in the high quintile, followed by @entity1 in the low quintile, had greater all-cause mortality compared with @entity1 in the 3 middle quintiles (log-rank test chi-square, 6.8; P = 0.03). After adjusting for age, sex, glomerular filtration rate, @entity165 level, @entity1391 level, C-reactive protein level, @entity65 , @entity6 , diuretics, and @entity208 treatment, the association showed a "J-shaped" association with hazard ratios of 1.96 (confidence interval, 1.10 to 3.48; P = 0.02) for the high quintile and 1.42 (confidence interval, 0.76 to 2.66; P = not significant) for the low quintile. Moreover, @entity414 levels correlated positively with levels of @entity1674 , @entity1391 , @entity1851 and negatively with levels of @entity460 , high-density lipoprotein @entity165 , and apolipoprotein A. CONCLUSION: Serum @entity414 levels showed a J-shaped association with all-cause mortality, with the lowest risk in the 3 middle quintiles. Moreover, @entity414 level was associated with @entity460 / @entity1391 metabolism, @entity2299 , and @entity32 .

title: J-shaped mortality relationship for @entity414 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein, and intracellular adhesion molecule 1']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity2299 :: ('MESH:D050171', 'Disease') :: ['dyslipidemia']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['CKD', 'chronic kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity1391 :: ('CHEBI:26020', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphate']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity5052 :: ('MESH:D033461', 'Disease') :: ['Hyperuricemia']

entities_list: @entity208 :: ('MESH:D000493', 'Chemical') :: ['allopurinol']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

entities_list: @entity414 :: ('MESH:D014527', 'Chemical') :: ['uric acid']

answer: @entity740 :: (MESH:D051436,Disease) :: ['CKD']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the predominant histopathological patterns seen in the testicular biopsies taken during the investigation of @entity4810 and to compare the obtained histopathological findings with those seen in other similar studies. METHODS: This is a retrospective study performed on 230 testicular biopsies which were examined in the Department of Pathology at King Khalid University Hospital in Riyadh over a period of 10 years. The histopathological findings were grouped into 8 different morphologic categories. We have utilized a classification that is principally morphologic but that uses known or suspected clinical associations in the case of karyotypic abnormalities and excurrent duct obstruction. RESULTS: Of the total of 230 testicular biopsies studied, 72 cases showed normal spermatogenesis, of which 50 cases were suspected to be associated with excurrent duct obstruction. @entity3453 with and without focal spermatogenesis was found in about 90 cases. Thirty cases showed @entity6660 , 25 cases showed @entity1167 and 12 cases showed end stage @entity6554 with @entity82 . Only one case was noted to show features associated with karyotypic abnormalities. CONCLUSIONS: A higher percentage of @entity3453 was noted in this study when compared with other similar investigations including one previous local study. Possible causes of these discrepancies may be related to several factors including environmental effects. The design of the different studies and the criteria used for @entity1 selection or both could also explain the cause of these observed differences.

title: Morphologic patterns of @entity4810 in Saudi XXXX . A University Hospital experience.

entities_list: @entity3453 :: ('MESH:D054331', 'Disease') :: ['germinal cell aplasia', 'Germinal cell aplasia']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['interstitial fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity4810 :: ('MESH:D007248', 'Disease') :: ['male infertility']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['maturation arrest']

entities_list: @entity6554 :: ('MESH:D015499', 'Disease') :: ['tubular sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity6660 :: ('MESH:D009845', 'Disease') :: ['hypospermatogenesis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Angiogenesis is considered to be one of the most common mechanisms leading to ultrafiltration failure (UFF) in long-term @entity298 ( @entity298 ) @entity1 . The angiopoietin (Ang)/Tie system was found to play a role in the initiation of pathological neoangiogenesis and is also involved in peritoneal angiogenesis caused by peritoneal fluid. This aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the soluble @entity26081 fusion protein (sTie2/Fc) on peritoneal angiogenesis in @entity298 -treated @entity1381 @entity35 . The @entity35 were divided into 6 groups: normal, sham surgery, @entity1381 @entity35 without @entity298 , @entity1381 @entity298 -treated @entity35 , @entity1381 @entity35 treated with @entity298 and sTie2/Fc (0.25    g/100  g) and @entity1381 @entity35 treated with @entity298 and sTie2/Fc (0.5    g/100  g). @entity298 @entity35 were treated once a day for 28  days prior to testing. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) or tissue immunohistochemical staining was used to detect @entity18174 mRNA or protein expression in the peritoneal tissues of each group. The @entity2101 ( @entity2101 ) of the peritoneum was detected and quantified by immunohistochemical staining using the anti- @entity6098 antibody. Compared with the control group, @entity18174 mRNA and protein expression was significantly upregulated in the @entity1381 and @entity298 groups (P<0.05). @entity2101 in the experimental group increased compared with the control group. sTie2/Fc treatment decreased the levels of @entity18174 mRNA and protein expression (P<0.05) in a dose-dependent manner and decreased @entity298 -induced @entity2101 in the peritoneum. In conclusion, angiogenesis of the peritoneum induced by @entity298 was inhibited using sTie2/Fc in a @entity1381 @entity35 model.

title: Soluble XXXX fusion protein decreases peritoneal angiogenesis in @entity1381 @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2101 :: ('MESH:C538394', 'Disease') :: ['microvessel density', 'MVD']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['peritoneal dialysis', 'PD']

answer: @entity26081 :: (89804(Tax:10116),Gene) :: ['Tie2']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Of the approximately 2.4 million American @entity1 with a history of @entity0 , 43% are aged >=  65 years and are at risk for developing subsequent @entity5 . METHODS: @entity1 from 6 geographically diverse sites included 5-year @entity0 survivors (N = 1361) who were diagnosed between 1990 and 1994 at age >=  65 years with @entity34 and a comparison group of @entity1 without @entity0 (N = 1361). @entity1 in the comparison group were age-matched and site-matched to @entity0 survivors on the date of @entity0 . Follow-up began 5 years after the index date (survivor diagnosis date or comparison enrollment date) until @entity204 , disenrollment, or through 15 years after the index date. Data were collected from medical records and electronic sources ( @entity5 registry, administrative, clinical, National Death Index). Analyses included descriptive statistics, crude incidence rates, and @entity797 proportional hazards regression models for estimating the risk of incident @entity5 and were adjusted for @entity204 as a competing risk. RESULTS: Survivors and @entity1 in the comparison group were similar: >82% were white, 55% had a Charlson Comorbidity Index of 0, and >=  73% had a body mass index  <= 30 kg/m(2) . Of all 306 @entity1 (N = 160 in the survivor group, N = 146 in the comparison group) who developed a first incident @entity5 during follow-up, the mean time to @entity5 was similar (4.37    2.81 years vs 4.03    2.76 years, respectively; P = .28), whereas unadjusted incidence rates were slightly higher in survivors (1882 vs 1620 per 100,000 @entity1 years). The adjusted hazard of developing a first incident @entity5 was slightly elevated in survivors in relation to @entity1 in the comparison group, but it was not statistically significant (hazard ratio, 1.17; 95% confidence interval, 0.94-1.47). CONCLUSIONS: Older @entity1 who survived 5 years after an early stage @entity0 were not at an elevated risk for developing subsequent incident @entity5 up to 15 years after their @entity0 .

title: Incident XXXX among older long-term @entity0 survivors and an age-matched and site-matched nonbreast @entity5 comparison group over 10 years of follow-up.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Women', 'person']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer diagnosis', 'breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'malignancy', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity34 :: ('MESH:D016609', 'Disease') :: ['stage I or II disease']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['malignancies']


abstract: BACKGROUND: HeartSCORE is a tool for assessing @entity65 , basing its estimates on the relative weight of conventional @entity65 factors. However, new markers of @entity65 have been identified, such as aortic pulse wave velocity ( @entity122 ). The purpose of this study was to evaluate to what extent the incorporation of @entity122 in HeartSCORE increases its discriminative power of major @entity65 (MACE). METHODS AND RESULTS: This study is a sub-analysis of the EDIVA project, which is a prospective cohort, multicenter and observational study involving 2200 individuals of Portuguese nationality (1290 @entity1 and 910 @entity1 ) aged between 18 and 91 years (mean 46.33    13.76 years), with annual measurements of @entity122 (Complior). Only @entity1 above 35 years old were included in the present re-analysis, resulting in a population of 1709 @entity1 . All MACE - death, cerebrovascular accident, coronary accidents ( @entity301 ), peripheral @entity455 and @entity177 - were recorded. During a mean follow-up period of 21.42    10.76 months, there were 47 non-fatal MACE (2.1% of the sample). Cardiovascular risk was estimated in all @entity1 based on the HeartSCORE risk factors. For the analysis, the refitted HeartSCORE and @entity122 were divided into three risk categories. The event-free survival at 2 years was 98.6%, 98.0% and 96.1%, respectively in the low-, intermediate- and high-risk categories of HeartSCORE (log-rank p < 0.001). The multi-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) per 1 - standard deviation (SD) of MACE was 1.86 (95% CI 1.37-2.53, p < 0.001) for @entity122 . The risk of MACE by tertiles of @entity122 and risk categories of the HeartSCORE increased linearly, and the risk was particularly more pronounced in the highest tertile of @entity122 for any category of the HeartSCORE, demonstrating an improvement in the prediction of @entity65 . It was clearly depicted a high discriminative capacity of @entity122 even in groups of apparent intermediate @entity65 . Measures of model fit, discrimination and calibration revealed an improvement in risk classification when @entity122 was added to the risk-factor model. The C statistics improved from 0.69 to 0.78 (adding @entity122 , p = 0.005). The net reclassification improvement (NRI) and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) were also determined, and indicated further evidence of improvements in discrimination of the outcome when including @entity122 in the risk-factor model (NRI = 0.265; IDI = 0.012). CONCLUSION: The results clearly illustrate the benefits of integrating @entity122 in the risk assessment strategies, as advocated by HeartSCORE, insofar as it contributes to a better discriminative capacity of global @entity65 , particularly in individuals with low or moderate @entity65 .

title: Aortic pulse wave velocity and HeartSCORE: improving XXXX stratification. a sub-analysis of the EDIVA (Estudo de DIstensibilidade VAscular) project.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['arterial disease']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary heart disease']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular risk', 'cardiovascular events']

answer: @entity65 :: (MESH:D002318,Disease) :: ['cardiovascular risk']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Autologous cord blood (CB) red blood cells (RBCs) can partly substitute transfusion needs in premature @entity1 suffering from @entity417 . To explore whether expanded CB cells could provide additional autologous cells suitable for transfusion, we set up a simple one-step protocol to expand premature CB cells. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: CB buffy coat cells and isolated @entity2280 -positive ( @entity2280 (pos) ) cells from premature and full-term CB and adult blood were tested with several combinations of growth factors while omitting xenogeneic proteins from the culture medium. Cell differentiation was analyzed serially during 21 days using flow cytometry, progenitor assays, and high-performance liquid chromatography. RESULTS: Expanded CB buffy coat cells resulted in a threefold higher number of erythroblasts than the isolated @entity2280 (pos) cells. However, the RBCs contaminating the buffy coat remained present during the culture with uncertain quality. Premature and full-term CB @entity2280 (pos) cells had similar fold expansion capacity and erythroid differentiation. With the use of @entity2772 , @entity6826 , and @entity1307 , the fold increases of all @entity2280 (pos) cell sources were similar: CB 3942    1554, adult peripheral mobilized blood 4702    1826, and bone marrow (BM) 4143    1908. The proportion of @entity33009 expression indicating erythroblast presence on Day 21 was slightly higher in the adult @entity2280 (pos) cell sources: peripheral blood stem cells (96.7    0.8%) and BM (98.9    0.5%) compared to CB (87.7    2.7%; p = 0.002). We were not able to induce further erythroid maturation in vitro. CONCLUSION: This explorative study showed that fairly pure autologous erythroid-expanded cell populations could be obtained by a simple culture method, which should be optimized. Future challenges comprise obtaining ex vivo enucleation of RBCs with the use of a minimal manipulating approach, which can add up to autologous RBCs derived from CB in the treatment of @entity417 of @entity3465 .

title: Exploring the use of expanded erythroid cells for autologous transfusion for @entity417 of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity6826 :: ('4254', 'Gene') :: ['stem cell factor']

entities_list: @entity3465 :: ('MESH:C536271', 'Disease') :: ['prematurity']

entities_list: @entity1307 :: ('2056', 'Gene') :: ['erythropoietin']

answer: @entity3465 :: (MESH:C536271,Disease) :: ['prematurity']


abstract: @entity5503 was evaluated as the sole antimicrobial agent used to treat @entity298 in 113 @entity1 . Dosage varied between 1 and 2 g given intravenously every 6 hr. Laparotomy for excision of infected or gangrenous tissues, closure of gastrointestinal perforations, or drainage of an established abscess was required in 99 of the cases. A good clinical response was obtained in 107 @entity1 , or 95% of the total group. Of the six deaths only one could be attributed to infection. No evidence of renal, hepatic, or @entity137 was noted. There were no allergic reactions, although 13 @entity1 (12%) developed @entity3527 in a vein used for antibiotic administration. Bacteriological studies revealed @entity298 in 99% of the @entity1 , with anaerobe participation in 60% of these cases. Sensitivity testing by the disk diffusion and tube dilution methods confirmed the appropriateness of @entity5503 therapy; 91% of the gram-negative rods and 61% of the anaerobes were susceptible. From results of this study, it would appear that @entity5503 is a reliably effective antibiotic for use in treatment of most forms of @entity298 . Its role in surgical prophylaxis may be even more promising.

title: @entity5503 in treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5503 :: ('MESH:D002435', 'Chemical') :: ['Cefamandole', 'cefamandole']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['hematopoietic toxicity']

entities_list: @entity3527 :: ('MESH:D010689', 'Disease') :: ['phlebitis']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial peritonitis', 'aerobic peritonitis', 'acute peritonitis']

answer: @entity298 :: (MESH:D010538,Disease) :: ['peritonitis']


abstract: Transient @entity2730 usually affects @entity1 between the ages of 40 and 80. @entity1 with this condition are often described--wrongly--as being confused. It presents classically with an abrupt onset of severe anterograde @entity2730 . It is usually accompanied by repetitive questioning. The @entity1 does not have any focal @entity16 . @entity1 remain alert, attentive, and cognition is not impaired. However, they are disoriented to time and place. Attacks usually last for 1-8 h but should be less than 24 h. It is possible that it may result from different mechanisms such as @entity450 with valsalva-like activities before symptom onset, arterial thromboembolic ischaemia and vasoconstriction due to hyperventilation. Diagnosis may be made safely in the presence of a characteristic collateral history. No specific treatment is indicated for a typical episode.

title: Classical diseases revisited: transient XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological symptoms']

entities_list: @entity2730 :: ('MESH:D000647', 'Disease') :: ['global amnesia', 'amnesia']

entities_list: @entity450 :: ('MESH:D006940', 'Disease') :: ['venous congestion']

answer: @entity2730 :: (MESH:D000647,Disease) :: ['global amnesia']


abstract: The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate feline primary @entity5 of endothelial origin. Eight cases (six @entity2695 , two @entity5426 ) from a collection of 3460 feline submissions between 1993 and 2004 were evaluated using routine @entity1710 and @entity1711 (H_E). Signalment, location, size, duration, epithelial pigmentation, margins, adjuvant therapy, outdoor activity, and geographic location, comparing ultraviolet (UV) radiation levels by state, were recorded. Follow-up information was available for five cases. In this study, the average age was 10.6 years, with neutered males over-represented. The Domestic Short-haired cat was most commonly affected. The most common anatomic site was the nictitating membrane, with the left eye preferentially affected. The average size and duration, prior to presentation, was 7.5 mm and 4.4 months, respectively. Seven of eight cases were devoid of epithelial pigmentation in nonaffected areas and the majority of cases were from states with high annual UV-light exposure. Only cases of @entity5426 underwent surgical re-excisions following incomplete excision; however, no further recurrences were reported. No cases evaluated had evidence of metastatic disease at the time of excision. Surgical excision alone may be curative. However, recurrence is possible. These @entity5 demonstrate similar predilection sites and involvement of nonpigmented epithelium, as is true in @entity235 cases, which may relate to risk factors as well.

title: Feline conjunctival @entity2695 and XXXX : a retrospective evaluation of eight cases (1993-2004).

entities_list: @entity2695 :: ('MESH:D006391', 'Disease') :: ['hemangiomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors', 'conjunctival vascular tumors']

entities_list: @entity5426 :: ('MESH:D006394', 'Disease') :: ['hemangiosarcomas', 'hemangiosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity1710 :: ('MESH:D006416', 'Chemical') :: ['hematoxylin']

answer: @entity5426 :: (MESH:D006394,Disease) :: ['hemangiosarcoma']


abstract: @entity3986 ( @entity3986 ) is an excellent model for the study of the efficacy of gene therapy in @entity43573 deficient @entity121 for there are many similarities between affected @entity235 and @entity1555 ( @entity1555 ) in @entity1 . @entity3986 is not caused by deletion mutation but results from a point mutation in the consensus splice acceptor in intron 6 of the @entity235 @entity43573 gene. As a result exon 7 is skipped during processing of the @entity3986 @entity43573 messenger RNA. We have developed a rapid test which makes direct use of exon 7 specific genomic PCR products. We have undertaken preliminary experiments on gene therapy using the mini-gene and the full length gene alone and in combination with @entity29547 and/or the @entity7791 reporter gene Lac Z. Following direct injection of the Lac Z plasmid, either alone or with lipofectin, about 50% of the sites showed expression when biopsied some 14 days later. The beta-galactosidase activity was present in muscle and granulation tissue but was never abundant. Pups injected intraperitoneally with Lac Z were found to have positive material in their mesenteric lymph nodes, liver and spleen. Those injected with Lac Z and lipofectin also had positive material in the diaphragm, intercostal muscles and abdominal muscles, but again only a small amount of positive material was present at any of the sites. In animals directly injected into the muscle with the @entity43573 mini-gene, half had positive staining for @entity43573 in biopsies taken 14 days later. Of the 6 sites in the muscles of animals given the mini-gene and lipofectin only one had fibres positive for @entity43573 when examined 14 days later. Six pups were injected directly with full-length gene construct and when biopsies were taken 10 days later two of the animals had strongly stained peripheries to a small number of fibres.

title: Use of the XXXX model for @entity1555 in gene therapy trials.

entities_list: @entity29547 :: ('MESH:C020888', 'Chemical') :: ['lipofectin']

entities_list: @entity7791 :: ('MESH:D016537', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial beta-galactosidase']

entities_list: @entity3986 :: ('MESH:D009136', 'Disease') :: ['GRMD', 'Golden retriever muscular dystrophy']

entities_list: @entity1555 :: ('MESH:D020388', 'Disease') :: ['Duchenne muscular dystrophy', 'DMD']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['myopathies']

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['dog']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the @entity158 and stress experiences of @entity1 with chronic wounds being treated with atraumatic vs conventional dressings at dressing change. METHOD: This exploratory study adopted an independent samples design to identify any differences between reported levels of @entity158 and stress associated with the use of atraumatic and conventional dressings used in treatment regimens of @entity1 with chronic wounds. Physiological and psychological assessments of @entity158 and stress were recorded at dressing change (including numerical ratings, heart rate, blood pressure, respiration rate, GSR, salivary @entity701 and the @entity1642 ( @entity1642 ) and State Trait @entity148 Inventory (STAI) questionnaire surveys). RESULTS: In total, 49 @entity1 with chronic wounds took part in the study. Fifty-three percent of @entity1 were male (n=26) and 47% were female (n=23). @entity1 were aged 38-95 years, with a mean age of 69.11    14.08 years. Overall, 10 @entity1 were receiving atraumatic dressings with Safetac technology as part of their routine wound treatment and 39 were receiving conventional dressings. @entity1 receiving atraumatic dressings reported significantly lower numerical @entity158 and stress ratings and experienced significantly lower GSR at dressing change. Mean heart rate, blood pressure, salivary @entity701 were also lower for @entity1 with atraumatic dressings. However, @entity1 ' @entity1642 (atraumatic=24.60, conventional=22.72) and STAI (atraumatic=34.90, conventional=33.21) scores were similar for both dressing type groups. CONCLUSION: This study provides a basis for understanding how different dressing types can impact @entity158 and stress at dressing change. Acute episodes of @entity158 and stress were much lower in @entity1 receiving atraumatic dressings;0 however factors associated with the overall experience of living with a chronic wound may be contributing to underlying and ongoing feelings of stress and @entity148 . The impact of these implications on selection of dressings and cost of care are also discussed. DECLARATION OF INTEREST: This research was commissioned by M  lnlycke Health Care. None of the authors work for M  lnlycke Health Care of have any financial interests with the company. There are no additional conflicts of interest to declare.

title: The impact of atraumatic vs conventional dressings on XXXX and stress.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['Anxiety', 'anxiety']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity1642 :: ('MESH:D015775', 'Disease') :: ['PSS', 'Perceived Stress Scale']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the response of massive, life-threatening, or function-impairing @entity2695 in pediatric @entity1 receiving daily @entity4020 subcutaneously. METHODS: The effect of 3 or more months of subcutaneous @entity4020 (3 mU/m2) was prospectively evaluated in 10 @entity1 with @entity2695 necessitating medical intervention. @entity2695 characteristics and extent were initially assessed by radiographic imaging in all but one @entity1 . @entity4020 tolerance was monitored, and reduction in @entity2695 size was recorded as marked (>50%), moderate (25% to 50%), or minimal (<25%). RESULTS: @entity2695 were apparent at birth in 8 of 10 @entity1 , and @entity4020 was initiated at a median age of 4.5 months. Symptoms necessitating therapeutic intervention included @entity712 , @entity1224 , @entity1282 , @entity281 , @entity2167 , @entity227 , and severe @entity154 . Four @entity1 received treatment before referral that included systemic @entity230 (n = 2), intralesional @entity230 (n = 1), or surgical/laser excision (n = 2). @entity4020 therapy was well tolerated. Most @entity1 had a temporary elevation in body temperature during the first month of therapy. One @entity1 with @entity448 required nasogastric feedings and a temporary reduction in her @entity4020 dose. An additional @entity1 with @entity146 was withdrawn from the study at his parents' request even though this symptom persisted after drug cessation. @entity2695 response to @entity4020 was marked in six @entity1 , moderate in two, and minimal in one whose lesion had features suggestive of a @entity1462 . Early signs of involution were usually evident within 6 weeks and often heralded by cutaneous blanching. @entity4020 therapy was concluded in four @entity1 after a mean duration of 20 months. CONCLUSIONS: Daily subcutaneous @entity4020 is well tolerated in pediatric @entity1 and appears effective in hastening involution of symptomatic @entity2695 . A significant response is unlikely in lesions with features suggestive of a @entity1462 .

title: Treatment of massive or life-threatening @entity2695 with recombinant XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['facial deformity']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual axis impairment']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity2167 :: ('MESH:D006311', 'Disease') :: ['failure to thrive, external auditory canal occlusion']

entities_list: @entity2695 :: ('MESH:D006391', 'Disease') :: ['hemangioma', 'Hemangiomas', 'hemangiomas', 'Hemangioma']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['irritability']

entities_list: @entity448 :: ('MESH:D000855', 'Disease') :: ['anorexia']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity1462 :: ('MESH:D054079', 'Disease') :: ['vascular malformation']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['dysphagia']

entities_list: @entity4020 :: ('3440', 'Gene') :: ['alpha(2a)-Interferon', 'alpha(2a)-interferon']

entities_list: @entity1224 :: ('MESH:D000402', 'Disease') :: ['airway obstruction']

answer: @entity4020 :: (3440,Gene) :: ['alpha(2a)-interferon']


abstract: @entity1542 , a parasite of fish and cephalopods, can induce IgE-mediated reactions. This study aimed to determine the etiologic role of A. simplex in @entity1 affected by @entity113 ( @entity113 ) or @entity2021 . We studied 100 adult subjects suffering acute episodes of @entity110 / @entity113 , by anamnesis, prick tests with A. simplex and fish-mix extracts, and total and specific IgE to both A. simplex and cod. The following criteria of A. simplex @entity566 were considered: 1) @entity110 / @entity113 within 6 h after fish ingestion; 2) specific IgE to A. simplex; 3) positive prick test to A. simplex extract; 4) exclusion of other suspected causes. Double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenge was not carried out because ethical considerations forbid challenge with a parasite. Specific IgE to A. simplex (> 0.7 kU/l) was found in 22 subjects, but only eight were diagnosed as having A. simplex @entity566 . Other allergens were involved in 37 @entity1 , and 55 cases were considered idiopathic. Specific IgE to fish (> 0.7 kU/l) was found in two @entity1 , but only one was diagnosed as having fish @entity566 . We concluded that A. simplex is an important etiologic factor in acute @entity110 . We suggest that it should be considered in cases of @entity110 / @entity113 or @entity2021 , especially after fish ingestion.

title: @entity1542 , a relevant etiologic factor in acute XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1542 :: ('6269', 'Species') :: ['Anisakis simplex']

entities_list: @entity113 :: ('MESH:D000799', 'Disease') :: ['urticaria/angioedema', 'AE']

entities_list: @entity110 :: ('MESH:D014581', 'Disease') :: ['urticaria']

entities_list: @entity2021 :: ('MESH:D000707', 'Disease') :: ['anaphylaxis']

answer: @entity110 :: (MESH:D014581,Disease) :: ['urticaria']


abstract: @entity2348 often precedes the development of the @entity649 ( @entity649 ) and bacterial endotoxin ( @entity558 ) produces a syndrome similar to @entity649 when infused into experimental animals. We determined in isolated, buffer-perfused @entity95 lungs, free of plasma and circulating blood cells that @entity558 synergized with platelet activating factor (PAF) to injure the lung. In lungs perfused for 2 h with @entity558 (less than 100 pg/ml), stimulation with 1, 10, or 100 nM PAF produced transient @entity120 and minimal @entity4 . Lungs perfused for 2 h with buffer containing 100 ng/ml of @entity526 0111:B4 @entity558 had slight elevation of pulmonary artery pressure ( @entity2786 ) and did not develop @entity4 . In contrast, lungs exposed to 100 ng/ml of @entity558 for 2 h had marked increases in PAP and developed significant @entity4 when stimulated with PAF. @entity558 treatment increased capillary filtration coefficient, suggesting that capillary leak contributed to @entity3126 . @entity558 -primed, PAF-stimulated lungs had enhanced production of @entity7489 (TXB) and @entity9077 (6KPF). @entity3352 completely inhibited PAF-stimulated production of @entity37722 and 6KPF in control and @entity558 -primed preparations, did not inhibit the rise in PAP produced by PAF in control lungs, but blocked the exaggerated rise in PAP and @entity4 seen in @entity558 -primed, PAF-stimulated lungs. The @entity2871 synthetase inhibitor @entity16982 , and the @entity2871 receptor antagonist, SQ 29,548, similarly inhibited @entity558 -primed @entity120 and @entity4 after PAF-stimulation. These studies indicate that @entity558 primes the lung for enhanced injury in response to the physiologic mediator PAF by amplifying the synthesis and release of @entity2871 in lung tissue.

title: Primed stimulation of isolated perfused XXXX lung by endotoxin and platelet activating factor induces enhanced production of @entity2871 and lung injury.

entities_list: @entity2871 :: ('CHEBI:26995', 'Chemical') :: ['thromboxane']

entities_list: @entity558 :: ('MESH:C536528', 'Disease') :: ['LPS', 'LPS-free buffer']

entities_list: @entity3126 :: ('MESH:D011654', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary edema']

entities_list: @entity649 :: ('MESH:D012128', 'Disease') :: ['ARDS', 'adult respiratory distress syndrome']

entities_list: @entity2348 :: ('MESH:D001424', 'Disease') :: ['Bacterial sepsis']

entities_list: @entity120 :: ('MESH:D006976', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary hypertension']

entities_list: @entity7489 :: ('MESH:D013929', 'Chemical') :: ['thromboxane B2']

entities_list: @entity3352 :: ('MESH:D007213', 'Chemical') :: ['Indomethacin']

entities_list: @entity16982 :: ('MESH:C029166', 'Chemical') :: ['dazoxiben']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

entities_list: @entity9077 :: ('MESH:D015121', 'Chemical') :: ['6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha']

answer: @entity95 :: (9986,Species) :: ['rabbit']


abstract: Most @entity43 arise from the mesothelial surface lining of the ovaries, or from invaginations of this lining into the superficial ovarian cortex to form cortical inclusion cysts. The native ovarian surface mesothelium is of an 'uncommitted' phenotype, and has potential to modulate to epithelial or mesenchymal phenotypes in response to signals such as those associated with ovulation. The exposure of the mesothelial lining of an inclusion cyst to the ovarian stromal microenvironment may be responsible for the phenotypic change to M  llerian epithelium so commonly seen in these cysts. M  llerian metaplasia is usually to a serous phenotype, and it is possible that undefined molecular events occurring in an inclusion cyst that has undergone M  llerian metaplasia may initiate neoplastic change in these cysts. This may be the developmental pathway of most invasive @entity189 . Occasional rare cases of @entity43 , manifested by epithelial atypia in an inclusion cyst or on the surface epithelium without @entity189 , are identified histologically. @entity5 represent a separate category and in most cases probably do not progress to @entity189 . @entity189 may in some cases have arisen from pre-existing @entity5 . Endometriosis of the ovary is associated with @entity74 and is frequently found in association with clear cell and @entity4348 , suggesting that in many cases these latter two types of @entity189 may have arisen directly from endometriotic deposits. Ovaries removed prophylactically from @entity1 with a family history of @entity43 or with a mutation in one of the genes predisposing to @entity43 should be processed in their entirety, and examined closely not just for obviously neoplastic lesions, but also for more @entity154 of the surface epithelium or the epithelium lining cortical inclusion cysts.

title: Precursor lesions of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian carcinomas', 'ovarian carcinoma', 'ovarian intraepithelial neoplasia']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['subtle morphological abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['benign and borderline mucinous tumours', 'Serous borderline tumours']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['serous carcinomas', 'Mucinous carcinomas', 'invasive carcinoma', 'carcinoma', 'frank carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['genetic abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity4348 :: ('MESH:D018269', 'Disease') :: ['endometrioid carcinomas']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['ovarian epithelial malignancy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Studies report mixed findings regarding antidepressant agents and suicide risks, and few examine suicide deaths. Studies using observational data can accrue the large sample sizes needed to examine @entity204 , but selection biases must be addressed. We assessed associations between @entity204 and treatment with the 7 most commonly used antidepressants in a national sample of Department of Veterans Affairs @entity1 in @entity308 treatment. Multiple analytic strategies were used to address potential selection biases. METHODS: We identified Department of Veterans Affairs @entity1 with @entity308 diagnoses and new antidepressant starts between April 1, 1999, and September 30, 2004 (N = 502,179). Conventional @entity797 regression models, @entity797 models with inverse probability of treatment weighting, propensity-stratified @entity797 models, marginal structural models (MSM), and instrumental variable analyses were used to examine relationships between suicide and exposure to @entity752 , @entity837 , @entity905 , @entity13332 , @entity903 , @entity3756 , and @entity906 . RESULTS: Crude suicide rates varied from 88 to 247 per 100,000 @entity1 -years across antidepressant agents. In multiple @entity797 models and MSMs, @entity3756 and @entity905 had lower risks for @entity204 than @entity903 . Bupropion had lower risks than several antidepressants in @entity797 models but not MSMs. Instrumental variable analyses did not find significant differences across antidepressants. DISCUSSION: Most antidepressants did not differ in their risk for @entity204 . However, across several analytic approaches, although not instrumental variable analyses, @entity905 and @entity3756 had lower risks of @entity204 than @entity903 . These findings are congruent with the Food and Drug Administration meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials reporting lower risks for "suicidality" for @entity3756 and a trend toward lower risks with @entity905 than for other antidepressants. Nevertheless, divergence in findings by analytic approach suggests caution when interpreting results.

title: Antidepressant agents and XXXX among US Department of Veterans Affairs @entity1 in @entity308 treatment.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'person']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity905 :: ('MESH:D005473', 'Chemical') :: ['fluoxetine']

entities_list: @entity13332 :: ('MESH:C035133', 'Chemical') :: ['mirtazapine']

entities_list: @entity903 :: ('MESH:D017374', 'Chemical') :: ['paroxetine']

entities_list: @entity3756 :: ('MESH:D020280', 'Chemical') :: ['sertraline']

entities_list: @entity837 :: ('MESH:D015283', 'Chemical') :: ['citalopram']

entities_list: @entity906 :: ('MESH:C047426', 'Chemical') :: ['venlafaxine']

entities_list: @entity752 :: ('MESH:D016642', 'Chemical') :: ['bupropion']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['suicide death']

answer: @entity204 :: (MESH:D003643,Disease) :: ['suicide death']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effectiveness of double-needle suture for mixed @entity937 repair under arthroscope. METHODS: Between April 2006 and January 2011, 22 @entity1 with mixed @entity937 were treated with double-needle suture under arthroscope. There were 14 males and 8 females, aged 18-41 years (mean, 31.3 years). All injuries were caused by sports. The time between injury and admission ranged from 2 days to 4 years (median, 11 months). International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score was 42.5 +/- 15.2, Lysholm score was 45.5 +/- 13.5, and Tegner score was 2.9 +/- 1.6. Seventeen cases complicated with anterior cruciate @entity130 . RESULTS: Healing of incision by first intention was achieved in all @entity1 . No @entity128 and blood occurred. The @entity1 were followed up 12-48 months with an average of 27.6 months. According to Barrett et al. standard, 19 cases (86%) got clinical healing. The IKDC, Lysholm, and Tegner scores were improved to 77.1 +/- 8.9, 79.8 +/- 9.9, and 6.8 +/- 1.6 respectively at last follow-up, showing significant differences when compared with preoperative scores (P < 0.05). Co CONCLUSION: Arthroscopic meniscus repair using double-needle suture can provide good effectiveness because it has high firmness.

title: [Effectiveness of double-needle suture for mixed XXXX repair under arthroscope].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['ligament injury']

entities_list: @entity128 :: ('MESH:D020209', 'Disease') :: ['injury of nerve']

entities_list: @entity937 :: ('MESH:D012167', 'Disease') :: ['meniscus tear']

answer: @entity937 :: (MESH:D012167,Disease) :: ['meniscus tear']


abstract: Apolipoproteins have an important role in lipid metabolism and transport. Polymorphisms in the @entity1675 /C3/A4/A5 gene cluster have been associated with lipid alterations and @entity65 . We investigated @entity1675 XmnI, @entity23353 @entity41943 , and @entity23353 @entity23354 polymorphisms in 377 individuals from a cohort of a longitudinal Brazilian elderly study. Allele frequencies, genotype distribution, and association with major morbidities as well as with lipids, @entity1011 , albumin, @entity1133 , glycated hemoglobin, and fasting @entity413 serum levels were investigated. Linkage disequilibrium and haplotype associations were also analyzed. This is the first time that haplotypes involving these polymorphisms were evaluated. Genotyping was performed by PCR-RFLP. Minor allele frequencies were 0.119, 0.071, and 0.158 for XmnI, @entity41943 , and @entity23354 polymorphisms, respectively. We found a significant association of the -1131C allele with low LDL-C levels. We also observed that XmnI and @entity41943 polymorphisms were in linkage disequilibrium. The C/G haplotype, which is composed of the wild-type allele of XmnI and the minor allele of @entity41943 , was associated with high total @entity165 serum levels in this elderly population. We conclude that the @entity23354 polymorphism and the C/G haplotype, including XmnI and @entity41943 polymorphisms, are associated with alterations in lipid levels and may be risk factors for @entity65 in the Brazilian elderly.

title: Association of XXXX and @entity23353 polymorphisms and haplotypes with lipid parameters in a Brazilian elderly cohort.

entities_list: @entity41943 :: ('p|SUB|S|19|W', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['S19W']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease', 'cardiovascular diseases']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity1675 :: (335,Gene) :: ['APOA1']


abstract: We report here the physical mapping of recurrent chromosome 12q13-q15 breakpoints in cell lines derived from primary @entity243 , @entity362 , and @entity5123 of the salivary glands. In fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) experiments, we first mapped the position of the chromosome 12 translocation breakpoint in @entity2909 cell line LM-30.1/SV40 relative to loci @entity794 , D12S4, D12S17, D12S6, D12S6, D12S19, D12S8, and D12S7. It mapped between linkage probes CRI-C86 (D12S19) and p7G11 (D12S8). We then isolated YAC clones using CRI-C86- and p7G11-derived sequence-tagged sites, constructed corresponding YAC contigs of 310 and 800 kb, respectively, and established long-range physical maps of these. Cosmid clones LLNL12NCO1-98C10 and LLNL12NCO1-113D12 were isolated using STSs within the CRI-C86- and the p7G11-derived YAC contigs, respectively, and a mixture of them was used to routinely study the various @entity5 cell lines by FISH analysis. The chromosome 12 breakpoints of all @entity5 cell lines tested mapped between cosmids LLNL12NCO1-98C10 and LLNL12NCO1-113D12. None of the breakpoints appeared to map within any of the isolated YAC clones. Furthermore, FISH analysis using cosmid LLNL12-NCO1-144G3, which maps at the @entity3726 locus, revealed that the chromosome 12 breakpoints in all cell lines of the three benign solid @entity5 that were tested were located distal to the chromosome 12 translocation breakpoint with the @entity3726 gene in @entity243 cells with t(12;16). In conclusion, our studies seem to indicate that the chromosome 12 breakpoints of @entity243 , @entity362 , and @entity5123 of the salivary glands are all clustered within the 7-cM interval between D12S19 and D12S8, with those of the benign solid @entity5 distal to @entity3726 . Finally, the @entity11780 gene mapped telomeric to LLNL12NCO1-113D12, and the @entity11542 gene mapped centromeric to the chromosome 12 translocation breakpoint in @entity243 cells.

title: Physical mapping of chromosome 12q breakpoints in lipoma, pleomorphic salivary gland adenoma, @entity2909 , and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity362 :: ('MESH:D008067', 'Disease') :: ['lipoma, uterine leiomyoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity243 :: ('MESH:D018208', 'Disease') :: ['myxoid liposarcoma']

entities_list: @entity2909 :: ('MESH:D007889', 'Disease') :: ['uterine leiomyoma']

entities_list: @entity5123 :: ('MESH:D008949', 'Disease') :: ['pleomorphic adenoma']

answer: @entity243 :: (MESH:D018208,Disease) :: ['myxoid liposarcoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity38459 are new immunohistochemical markers that can be used in the diagnosis of @entity75 . The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between radiotherapy or clinicohistopathological parameters and the expression of melan-A and @entity11442 in @entity2184 . METHODS: Thirty-six enucleated cases of @entity2184 were studied. The @entity406 -fixed, @entity982 -embedded specimens were immunostained with monoclonal antibodies against melan-A and @entity11442 . The samples were classified as either positive or negative. The chi-square or the Student-t tests were used to test for the correlation of the expression rates of melan-A and @entity11442 with clinico-pathological parameters. RESULTS: Melan-A and @entity11442 were positive in 33 (91.7%) and 35 (97.2%) of the specimens, respectively. There was no significant association between the expression of melan-A or @entity11442 and radiotherapy or any clinico-pathological parameter. All specimens were positive for at least one of the immunohistochemical markers. CONCLUSION: To the best of our knowledge this is the first study concluding that the expression of melanocytic markers such as melan-A and @entity11442 is not influenced by radiotherapy or any clinico-pathological parameter. Moreover, when @entity11442 and melan-A are used together, 100% of the @entity406 -fixed, @entity982 -embedded @entity2184 samples tested positive for one of those markers.

title: Immunohistochemical expression of @entity38459 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['melanocytic lesions']

entities_list: @entity406 :: ('MESH:D005557', 'Chemical') :: ['formalin']

entities_list: @entity2184 :: ('MESH:C536494', 'Disease') :: ['uveal melanoma']

entities_list: @entity982 :: ('MESH:D010232', 'Chemical') :: ['paraffin']

answer: @entity2184 :: (MESH:C536494,Disease) :: ['uveal melanoma']


abstract: Gamma frequency (30-70 Hz) synchronized oscillatory activity in the olfactory bulb is widely believed to be important for odor detection and discrimination. As in other circuits with "gamma activity," the activity in the bulb is driven by GABAergic interneurons, specifically a class of axonless cells called granule cells. However, bulb granule cells appear to lack some key mechanistic features that promote rapid synchrony in other circuits, including direct electrical interconnections and dominant actions for fast neurotransmitter receptors. At least under "static" stimulus conditions, granule cells are driven by kinetically slow @entity143 receptors. Here, I used patch-clamp recordings in @entity35 olfactory bulb slices to better understand mechanisms that shape granule cell activity under "dynamic" stimulus conditions that mimic a natural odor stimulus. During a 4 Hz patterned stimulation of olfactory nerve afferents, activation of single granule cells was primarily controlled by two classes of @entity140 / @entity4176 receptor-mediated synaptic inputs derived from output mitral cells. The rapid kinetics of these receptors, together with inactivation of A-type @entity972 channels, ensured that granule cells had short spike-response times. Studies in cell pairs, moreover, indicated that excitatory inputs could synchronize granule cells on a rapid time scale (2-5 ms), in turn resulting in phase-locked @entity1246 release onto mitral cells. The precision of granule cell synchrony was controlled by the same biophysical mechanisms that promoted rapid single-cell spiking. These studies demonstrate the mechanistic underpinnings that transform a circuit with slow, uncoupled activity under static conditions into a fast, dynamic circuit operating with high precision under physiological conditions.

title: XXXX / @entity4176 receptors drive rapid output and precise synchrony in olfactory bulb granule cells.

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

answer: @entity140 :: (MESH:D018350,Chemical) :: ['AMPA']


abstract: Previous studies [Summercorn et al. (1987) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 84, 8834-8838; Klarlung _ Czech (1988) J. Biol. Chem. 263, 15872-15875] have indicated that Balb/c 3T3 cells and 3T3-L1 adipocytes incubated with insulin show increased casein kinase II activity within minutes, implicating this @entity563 / @entity1889 kinase as an early step in an insulin signaling pathway. We recently reported the isolation of a cDNA encoding an alpha subunit of @entity1 casein kinase II [Meisner et al. (1989) Biochemistry 28, 4072-4076] as an initial step toward examining the regulation of this enzyme. We now describe a HepG2 cell @entity37822 cDNA of 2.57 kb containing 96 bases of 5' untranslated sequence, 645 bases of open reading frame, and 1832 bases of 3' untranslated sequence with two polyadenylation consensus signal sequences and two poly(A) stretches. The open reading frame of the @entity1 beta subunit cDNA was 77% and 87% identical with the @entity238 sequence at the @entity377 and @entity535 levels, respectively, and 99% identical with the @entity291 @entity535 sequence. RNA analysis of HepG2 cell RNA utilizing HepG2 beta subunit cDNA fragments as probes revealed one major band migrating at 1.2 kb and two minor bands migrating at 3.0 and 4.2 kb. Results from DNA analysis of HepG2 genomic DNA, consistent with results utilizing @entity238 genomic DNA, suggest the presence of a single gene for the beta subunit of casein kinase II.

title: Cloning and characterization of a cDNA encoding the beta subunit of XXXX casein kinase II.

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity377 :: ('CHEBI:36976', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotide']

entities_list: @entity37822 :: ('1460', 'Gene') :: ['casein kinase II beta subunit']

entities_list: @entity563 :: ('CHEBI:17822', 'Chemical') :: ['serine']

entities_list: @entity1889 :: ('CHEBI:26986', 'Chemical') :: ['threonine']

entities_list: @entity238 :: ('7227', 'Species') :: ['Drosophila']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: The present work was undertaken to reveal the mechanism of @entity1779 agenesis found to result in @entity1276 following intrauterine exposure to model teratogen, @entity786 , in @entity19 fetuses. A single dose of 10-mg/kg body weight @entity786 was injected intaperitoneally to pregnant @entity19 on day 10, 11 or 12 of gestation. Fetuses were collected through abdominal incision on day 18 and studied for various @entity75 and cranium including @entity1276 . Incomplete development and failure of canalization of the @entity1779 were detected when serial sections of brain in coronal and transverse planes were studied under the microscope. Biotechnological investigations such as % DNA fragmentation, % viable cell count and cell proliferation assay were carried out on brain cells for further studies. Agenesis and non-canalization of the @entity1779 resulted in increased pressure of @entity2304 , which led to @entity397 complicated by leakage and accumulation of @entity2304 in brain substance forming a cavity containing @entity2304 parallel and lateral to the unopened part of the @entity1779 . Incomplete development along with non-canalization of the @entity1779 resulted in blockage of @entity2304 flow through the ventricles that manifest as internal @entity1276 . External @entity1276 on the other hand was detected where the @entity2304 accumulated in the cavity formed inside the brain substance and established communication with the @entity2304 in the subarachnoid space. @entity786 induced inhibition of mitosis and cell differentiation of ependymal cells reflecting a decreased % viable cell count and cell proliferation assay along with augmentation of apoptosis of brain cells quantified as increased % DNA fragmentation count, which were identified as the contributing factors underlying the agenesis and @entity245 . The study also suggests that cell survival, proliferation, migration or differentiation of ependymal cells might have been affected, and we speculate that @entity2304 may have an inducing role in the development and canalization of the @entity1779 .

title: @entity786 -induced agenesis of @entity1779 resulting in XXXX in @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['hydrocephalus']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['malformations of brain']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide', 'Cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity245 :: ('MESH:D002658', 'Disease') :: ['incomplete development of the cerebral aqueduct']

entities_list: @entity397 :: ('MESH:D012421', 'Disease') :: ['rupture of the aqueduct']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral aqueduct']

answer: @entity1276 :: (MESH:D006849,Disease) :: ['hydrocephalus']