abstract: BACKGROUND: To investigate the effect of @entity3593 on cardiac remodeling induced by smoking. MATERIAL/METHODS: @entity35 were allocated into 3 groups: group CON (n=8): control; group @entity24036 (n=8): cigarette smoke exposure; group @entity24036 -LIS (n=8): exposed to @entity286 smoke and treated with @entity3593 . RESULTS: After 2 months, the tail systolic pressure was lower in @entity24036 -LIS (CON=116 +/-27 mm Hg, @entity24036 =126+/-16, @entity24036 -LIS=89+/-12; P<.001). @entity24036 animals showed higher left ventricular systolic diameter (CON=8.25+/-2.16 mm/kg, @entity24036 =11.5+/-1.3, @entity24036 -LIS=9.27+/-2.00; P=.009) and myocyte cross-sectional area (CON=245+/-8 microm2, @entity24036 =260+/-17, @entity24036 -LIS=238+/-12; P=.01) than CON and @entity24036 -LIS. The ejection fraction (CON =0.91+/-0.02, @entity24036 =0.86+/-0.02, @entity24036 -LIS=0.92+/-0.03; P=.002) and fractional shortening (CON=55.7+/-4.41%, @entity24036 =48.7+/-3.43, @entity24036 -LI=58.2+/-7.63; P=.006) were lower in @entity24036 group than CON and @entity24036 -LIS. @entity24036 and @entity24036 -LIS animals showed higher collagen amounts (CON=3.49+/-0.95%, @entity24036 = 5.01+/-1.58, @entity24036 -LIS=5.27+/-0.62; P=.009) than CON. CON group showed a higher connexin 43 amount in the intercalated disc (CON=3.70+/-0.38, @entity24036 =2.13+/-0.53; @entity24036 -LIS=2.17+/-0.73; P=.004) than @entity24036 and @entity24036 -LIS. There were no differences in IFN-gamma or TNF-alpha cardiac levels among the groups. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3593 attenuated both morphologic and functional abnormalities induced by exposure to @entity286 smoke. In addition, this effect was associated with diminished blood pressure, but not alterations in connexin 43 distribution, cytokine production or collagen amount.

title: Influence of @entity3593 on cardiac remodeling induced by XXXX smoke exposure.

entities_list: @entity3593 :: ('MESH:D017706', 'Chemical') :: ['Lisinopril', 'lisinopril']

answer: @entity286 :: (4097,Species) :: ['tobacco']


abstract: To report health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in @entity463 ( @entity463 ) @entity1 treated on a phase II trial of hypofractionated intensity-modulated radiotherapy (hypo-IMRT) with @entity2903 ( @entity2904 ). @entity463 @entity1 received postoperative hypo-IMRT to 60 Gy in 10 fractions with TMZ. HRQOL was assessed using the EORTC quality of life questionnaire core-30 and the EORTC @entity1313 module, performed at baseline, @entity138 completion, 1 mo post- @entity138 , and every 3 mos thereafter. Changes from baseline were calculated for each specific HRQOL scale. A >=  10 point change in any HRQOL scale from the mean baseline score was significant. 24 @entity1 were treated. Compliance with HRQOL assessments at baseline, @entity138 completion, and 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 mos post- @entity138 was 100, 96, 92, 79, 70, 68 and 53 %, respectively. Up to 12 mos post- @entity138 , no significant changes were seen in global health status, physical functioning, role functioning, emotional functioning, fatigue, @entity390 , vision, @entity10 or @entity410 . Significant improvement was seen in @entity22 , future uncertainty, @entity66 and drowsiness. Significant worsening was observed in cognitive functioning, social functioning, @entity1277 and communication deficit. 60 Gy hypo-IMRT in 6-Gy fractions with TMZ does not appear to negatively impact overall HRQOL.

title: Prospective evaluation of health-related quality of life in @entity1 with @entity463 multiforme treated on a phase II trial of hypofractionated IMRT with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['motor dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['brain cancer']

entities_list: @entity1277 :: ('MESH:D001068', 'Disease') :: ['appetite loss']

entities_list: @entity2903 :: ('MESH:C047246', 'Chemical') :: ['temozolomide']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity463 :: ('MESH:D005909', 'Disease') :: ['GBM', 'glioblastoma']

entities_list: @entity22 :: ('MESH:D007319', 'Disease') :: ['insomnia']

answer: @entity2903 :: (MESH:C047246,Chemical) :: ['temozolomide']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIM: A left-to-right shift of @entity14 ( @entity14 ) has been reported in Western studies. However, few Asian studies have investigated the anatomic distribution of @entity2513 and @entity14 . We aimed to describe the time trends in the distribution of @entity2513 and @entity14 in a Chinese population. METHODS: A colonoscopy database was reviewed, and all consecutive @entity1 with lower gastrointestinal symptoms who underwent colonoscopy from 1998 to 2009 were identified. Data, including @entity1 ' sex, age, symptoms, and the number and anatomic locations of @entity2513 and @entity14 , were documented. RESULTS: A total of 11,025 @entity1 were included in the final analysis; 1012 and 363 @entity1 were diagnosed with @entity2513 and @entity14 , respectively. Overall, there were more distal than proximal @entity652 (54.4% vs 37.9%), and the proportion of proximal @entity652 remained stable from 1998-2006 to 2007-2009 (38.2% vs 37.6%). Similarly, there were more distal than proximal @entity14 (56.5% vs 42.4%), and the proportion of proximal @entity14 declined from 45.8% in 1998-2006 to 38.4% in 2007-2009. @entity2513 and @entity14 were equally distributed among both sexes. For elderly @entity1 (> 50 years), there was a non-significant trend towards more proximal adenoma and @entity14 . CONCLUSIONS: The present study suggests no distal-to-proximal shift of @entity2513 and @entity14 among the Chinese population in Shanghai over the past 12 years. The distribution pattern of @entity2513 and @entity14 of Chinese @entity1 is different from that of Western @entity1 , who had more @entity14 located in the distal part.

title: Distribution trends of XXXX and cancer: a colonoscopy database analysis of 11,025 Chinese @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['adenomas']

entities_list: @entity2513 :: ('MESH:C563365', 'Disease') :: ['Colorectal adenoma', 'colorectal adenoma']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal lesions', 'CRC', 'colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity2513 :: (MESH:C563365,Disease) :: ['colorectal adenoma']


abstract: @entity1 chorion and decidua use @entity10768 ( @entity29423 ) and @entity9027 ( @entity29215 ) as substrates for local @entity172 and @entity1420 synthesis. We hypothesized that the local @entity172 / @entity1420 ratio may influence contractility of the adjacent myometrium and hence effect the timing of parturition. Thus, we studied @entity134 sulfohydrolase activity for P5S in these tissues and investigated the potential interaction of other @entity230 on the rates of hydrolysis of P5S and @entity29215 . The enzyme was present in both tissues, predominantly in the microsomal fraction. With P5S as substrate, the Michaelis-Menten constant (Km) was similar in chorion (1.3 +/- 0.2 mumol/L, mean +/- SEM) and decidua (0.9 +/- 0.1 mumol/L) but the maximum velocity (Vmax) was significantly greater in chorion (2.6 +/- 0.4 vs. 1.1 +/- 0.3 nmol/mg protein/15 min, P less than 0.05). In both tissues there was a tendency towards greater activity in tissues obtained before labor compared to tissues obtained after spontaneous labor onset. Using either @entity29215 or P5S as substrate, there was significant inhibition of sulfohydrolase activity by other @entity230 at concentrations similar to those in late pregnancy fetal and maternal plasma. In microsomal preparations using @entity29215 as substrate, activity was inhibited by equimolar concentrations of @entity19517 (E1S, by 38 +/- 2%), P5S (by 74 +/- 2%), and @entity4554 ( @entity29424 , by 38 +/- 3%). With P5S as substrate, equimolar concentrations of E1S, @entity29215 , and @entity29424 caused inhibition of sulfohydrolase activity by 19 +/- 5%, 16 +/- 4%, and 18 +/- 2%, respectively. These inhibitory effects also were observed using a tissue explant system with intact cells. In kinetic inhibition studies using @entity29215 as substrate, @entity22940 and P5S were competitive inhibitors with inhibition constants (Ki) of 4.8 +/- 1.3 and 0.7 +/- 0.1 mumol/L, respectively. Using P5S as substrate, E1S and @entity29215 also were competitive inhibitors with Ki values of 8.2 +/- 2.1 and 9.6 +/- 1.2 mumol/L, respectively. For both substrates, the pattern of inhibition by @entity29424 was complex. Preliminary experiments to distinguish, on the basis of differing physical-chemical properties, separate enzymes for different substrates were inconclusive. We conclude that @entity1 chorion and decidua can hydrolyze several @entity134 sulfoconjugates and this activity may regulate local @entity172 and @entity1420 synthesis. There are significant interactions among @entity134 sulfoconjugates in regulating this activity. These activities may be important components of a paracrine system that determines myometrial contractility and the timing of parturition.

title: @entity134 sulfohydrolase in @entity1 chorion and decidua: studies using @entity10768 and XXXX as substrate.

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity22940 :: ('p|SUB|E|1|S', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['E1S']

entities_list: @entity19517 :: ('MESH:C017296', 'Chemical') :: ['estrone sulfate']

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone']

entities_list: @entity29424 :: ('p|SUB|C|27|S', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['C27S']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity9027 :: ('MESH:D019314', 'Chemical') :: ['dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity4554 :: ('MESH:C007045', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol sulfate']

entities_list: @entity10768 :: ('MESH:C018370', 'Chemical') :: ['pregnenolone sulfate']

entities_list: @entity29423 :: ('p|SUB|P|5|S', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['P5S']

answer: @entity9027 :: (MESH:D019314,Chemical) :: ['dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the characteristics of @entity7364 phonatory break in mandarin Chinese and select the stimuli phrases. METHOD: Thirty-eight @entity1 with @entity7364 were involved in this study. Standard phrase " f   m   x  n" and a speech corpus in mandarin Chinese with 229 syllables covering all vowel and constant of mandarin Chinese were selected. Every @entity1 read the phrases above twice in normal speed and comfortable voice. Two auditory perpetual speech pathologists marked phonatory break syllables respectively. The frequency of phonatory break syllables and their located phrases were calculated, rated and described. The phrases including the most phonatory break syllables were selected as stimuli phrases, the phonatory break frequency of which was also higher than that of standard phrase "f   m   x  n". RESULT: Phonatory break happened in the reading of all @entity1 . The average number of phonatory break syllables was 14 (3-33). Phonatroy break occurred when saying 177 (77.3%) syllables in the speech corpus. The syllables "gu  , r  n, z  ng, di  n, ch  , g  , gu  n, a, b  , ne, de" broke in 23.1%-41.0% @entity1 . These syllables belonged to the phrases "p  ng gu  , hu   ch  , sh   de, n   sh   g   h  o r  n, w   m  n sh   y  u z  ng sh   b   q  n sh   nong d   h  n z  ng, w   m  n n   bi  n y  u w  ng qi   y  n dong ch  ng, c  n g  an, ji   b   h   y   g   mi  n b  o d  an, t   sh   du   me k  ng k  i a,w   y  ng g  i z  i x  n l   xi   y   xi   sh  n m   ne?". Thirty-seven @entity1 (97.3%) had phonatory break in above mentioned words. Ratios of these words phonatory break also were more than "f   m   x  n". CONCLUSION: Adductor spasmodic dysphonic @entity1 exhibited different degrees of phonatory break in mandarine Chinese. The phrases" sh   de, p  ng gu  , hu   ch  , n   sh   g   h  o r  n, w   m  n n   bi  n y  u w  ng qi   y  n dong ch  ng, c  n g  an, ji   b   h   y   g   mi  n b  o d  an, t   sh   du   me k  ng k  i a" were recommended as stimuli phrases for @entity7364 .

title: [Stimuli phrases of XXXX phonatory break in mandarin Chinese].

entities_list: @entity7364 :: ('MESH:D055154', 'Disease') :: ['adductor spasmodic dysphonia evaluation', 'adductor spasmodic dysphonia']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

answer: @entity7364 :: (MESH:D055154,Disease) :: ['adductor spasmodic dysphonia']


abstract: CONTEXT: Overwhelming post-splenectomy @entity295 is defined as @entity295 and/or @entity693 , usually fulminant, occurring days to several years after removal of the spleen. We report a case of a fulminant @entity295 with a fatal outcome, occurring 11 years after distal pancreatectomy and splenectomy for @entity788 . CASE REPORT: A 58-year-old @entity1 presented to the emergency room in December 2011 with a 2-day history of mild @entity221 and @entity294 , followed by @entity551 , @entity1353 , and @entity1897 . Past medical history revealed a left breast quadrantectomy for @entity1137 , and distal pancreatectomy with @entity1124 in October 2000. The @entity1 was not aware of the need for prophylactic antibiotics and vaccination after splenectomy. At admission, blood tests revealed @entity854 screen, abnormal @entity8 , and @entity520 . Despite the administration of intravenous fluid, vasopressor agents, antibiotics and mechanical ventilatory support, the @entity1 died for @entity177 7 hours after admission in intensive care unit. Blood culture showed the growth of @entity7706 . Necropsy showed @entity177 with @entity548 due to @entity295 . No recurrence of @entity788 was noted. CONCLUSIONS: Overwhelming post-splenectomy @entity295 is a well-known fatal complication which can occur in asplenic @entity1 . The role of vaccination and antibiotics in preventing such complication is well-defined, but cases of fatal post-splenectomy @entity295 are still reporting, also in vaccinated @entity1 . High index of suspicion must be maintained for any @entity221 in asplenic @entity1 .

title: Fatal XXXX eleven years after distal pancreatectomy with splenectomy for @entity788 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'woman', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1137 :: ('MESH:D018275', 'Disease') :: ['lobular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic adenocarcinoma', 'pancreatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['sepsis', 'septicaemia', 'pneumococcal septicemia', 'pneumococcal sepsis']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['liver and kidney function']

entities_list: @entity1124 :: ('MESH:D021441', 'Disease') :: ['splenectomy for ductal pancreatic adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity7706 :: ('MESH:D011008', 'Disease') :: ['Streptococcus pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['adrenal necrotic hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity693 :: ('MESH:D008581', 'Disease') :: ['meningitis']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['multiorgan failure']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral cyanosis']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['abnormal coagulation']

entities_list: @entity520 :: ('MESH:D000138', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic acidosis']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['febrile illness', 'fever']

answer: @entity295 :: (MESH:D018805,Disease) :: ['pneumococcal sepsis']


abstract: Experiments were conducted to develop a simple rapid-freezing protocol for mature @entity19 oocytes that would yield a high proportion of oocytes with developmental potential. The effects of concentration (3.5, 4.5 and 6.0 M @entity3733 ( @entity3733 ) all with 0.5 M @entity969 ) and the duration of exposure (2.5 min vs 45 sec) of oocytes to the cryoprotectant and its extraction after thawing in 2, 3 or 4 steps of descending @entity969 concentration were studied. The most effective of the rapid-freezing and thawing protocols (4.5 M @entity3733 ; 45 sec exposure and 3-step thawing) was compared to slow freezing protocols using 1.5 M @entity3733 and 1.0 M 1,2 @entity33778 as cryoprotectants. The @entity3733 concentrations had an effect on survival, fertilization and embryo development using short (45 sec) but not long (2.5 min) exposure. The rate of morphological oocyte survival was significantly higher using 4.5 M @entity3733 than 3.5 or 6.0 M (92% vs 82 and 73%, respectively). The development of fertilized embryos to blastocysts was also significantly higher at 4.5 M than at 3.5 or 6.0 M (68% vs 42 and 53%, respectively). The extraction of cryoprotectant in 3 or 4 steps of descending @entity969 concentration resulted in higher survival (P < 0.01) and fertilization than in 2 steps. The best survival, fertilization and development was achieved with the 3-step procedure. Optimal combinations of conditions were 4.5 M @entity3733 at 45 sec prefreeze exposure and 3-step extraction of the cryoprotectant. Oocytes frozen by conventional methods had a survival, fertilization and development to blastocyst rate significantly lower than those frozen under the optimal rapid conditions. Thus rapid freezing of mature @entity19 oocytes with 4.5 M @entity3733 + 0.5 M @entity969 and short prefreeze exposure is effective and has the additional advantage of being less time-consuming than slow freezing methods.

title: Effect of cryoprotectant concentration, equilibration time and thawing procedure on survival and development of rapid frozen-thawed mature XXXX oocytes.

entities_list: @entity969 :: ('MESH:D013395', 'Chemical') :: ['sucrose']

entities_list: @entity3733 :: ('MESH:D004121', 'Chemical') :: ['dimethyl sulfoxide', 'DMSO']

entities_list: @entity33778 :: ('CHEBI:26288', 'Chemical') :: ['propanediol']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity29 ( @entity29 ) is a group of inflammatory disorders of the intestine caused by dysregulated T-cell mediated immune response against commensal microflora. Probiotics are reported as therapeutically effective against @entity29 . However, variable efficacy of the live probiotic strains, difference in survival and persistence in the gut between the strains and the lack of insight into the mechanisms of probiotic action limit optimal therapeutic efficacy. Our aims were to evaluate the lactobacillus strains isolated from the North Indian population for the generation of regulatory cells and cytokines in the intestine, to study their effects on pro-inflammatory mediators in the @entity19 model of @entity29 and to explore the underlying mechanisms of their actions. Among the selected lactobacillus strains, Lactobacillus casei Lbs2 (MTCC5953) significantly suppressed lipopolysaccharide-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine ( @entity637 , @entity777 ) secretion. Both live and heat-killed Lbs2 polarized Th0 cells to T-regulatory (Treg) cells in vitro, increased the frequency of @entity3744 (+) Treg cells in the mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) and alleviated macroscopic and histopathological features of @entity1960 in probiotic-fed @entity19 . Moreover, the levels of IL-12, @entity637 and @entity636 were suppressed, while @entity1618 and @entity641 levels were augmented in the colonic tissues of Lbs2-treated @entity19 . The induced Treg (iTreg) cells secreted @entity1618 and @entity641 and exerted suppressive effects on the proliferation of effector T-cells. Adoptive transfer of iTreg cells ameliorated the disease manifestations of @entity19 @entity1960 and suppressed the levels of @entity637 and @entity636 . Finally, Lbs2 effects were mediated by @entity8932 ( @entity8932 ) activation on the dendritic cells. This study identified live and heat-killed Lbs2 as putative therapeutic candidates against @entity29 and highlighted their @entity8932 -dependent immunomodulatory and regulatory function.

title: Live and heat-killed probiotic Lactobacillus casei Lbs2 protects from experimental @entity1960 through XXXX -dependent induction of T-regulatory response.

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['Inflammatory bowel disease', 'inflammatory bowel disease', 'IBD']

answer: @entity8932 :: (24088(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['Toll-like receptor 2']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Hyper-hypo @entity2701 (like @entity699 , apparent @entity32681 and @entity5343 ) diagnostic laboratory requires @entity701 (F) analysis. The simultaneous analysis of @entity1 saliva F and @entity821 (E), the inactive F metabolite, by solid phase extraction and RP-HPLC was studied. METHODS: Saliva/standard samples were C18-SPE extracted, dried and resuspended. E and F were analysed by isocratic RP-HPLC ( @entity1626 /water 27/73%) and UV detection. In the morning and in the evening Salivette stimulated saliva specimens were collected from healthy volunteers. RESULTS: The E and F calibration curve ranges were 11.0-110.0 and 5.5-55.0 nmol/l respectively. The LOD was 0.2 and 0.1 nmol/l for E and F respectively. The intra and inter assay CVs were respectively 2.7-6.6 and 5.6-7.0% for E and 5.8-7.0 and 11.7-13.1% for F. The E and F spiked saliva sample recovery was 99% and 88% respectively. Saliva specimen stability was validated. E and F saliva levels in healthy volunteers were significantly (p<0.001) higher at 8 a.m. compared with 11 p.m. (26.4+/-8.9 vs. 4.3+/-2.9 nmol/l for E; 11.1+/-4.0 vs. 2.5+/-1.5 nmol/l for F, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: This method is suitable for periodic analyses in a clinical biochemistry laboratory for endocrinology investigation purposes, simultaneously analysing E and F levels in a saliva specimen.

title: @entity1 saliva XXXX and @entity701 simultaneous analysis using reverse phase HPLC technique.

entities_list: @entity821 :: ('MESH:D003348', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisone']

entities_list: @entity1626 :: ('MESH:C032159', 'Chemical') :: ['acetonitrile']

entities_list: @entity699 :: ('MESH:D003480', 'Disease') :: ["Cushing's syndrome"]

entities_list: @entity32681 :: ('MESH:D043204', 'Disease') :: ['mineralocorticoid excess syndrome']

entities_list: @entity5343 :: ('MESH:D000224', 'Disease') :: ["Addison's disease"]

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

answer: @entity821 :: (MESH:D003348,Chemical) :: ['cortisone']


abstract: Serial changes in phenotype, cell cycle, and functional behavior of lymphocyte subpopulations occurring both during acute rejection in unmodified hosts and in long-surviving heterotopic cardiac allografts in @entity35 treated with @entity205 ( @entity870 ) were studied. Using flow cytometry, RNA and DNA content of cells was examined during various phases of cell activation. In animals acutely rejecting their grafts, numbers of cells infiltrating the grafts and in host spleen in G1 phase (higher RNA content) increased, starting from day 3, and peaked by 5-6 days posttransplantation, and numbers of cells in S/G2/M phase (higher DNA content) remained stable. Similar, although slightly delayed changes were noted in @entity870 -treated recipients. The ratio of T helper (Th) to T suppressor/cytotoxic (Ts/c) phenotype cells infiltrating acutely rejecting grafts by day 3, was 1.6; it inverted abruptly to 0.7 by days 5-6, suggesting a preponderance of Ts/c during the later stages of allograft rejection. Ratio inversion occurred slightly later in host spleen and later in peripheral blood. Similarly, treatment with @entity870 produced a transient @entity308 of Th, with recovery of the Th: Ts/c ratio during weeks 3-4 following transplantation. Adoptive transfer studies were then performed to investigate the functional significance of the T cell subsets. Survival of test grafts was prolonged significantly (ca. 14 days, P less than 0.001) when cells infiltrating grafts and spleen were transferred during inversion of Th:Ts/c; before that period, test graft survival was shortened in a second-set manner. These experiments suggest that suppressor cells may be responsible for resolution of acute rejection, as well as for host unresponsiveness seen after @entity870 treatment, and they represent an important homeostatic host mechanism following immunological stimulation.

title: Phenotype, activation status, and suppressor activity of host lymphocytes during acute rejection and after @entity205 -induced unresponsiveness of XXXX cardiac allografts.

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporine']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Severe @entity1159 are devastating functional and @entity85 . The ideal material for coverage of defects created by neck contracture release is thin, supple, large, well-vascularized, healthy tissue. The thoracodorsal artery perforator flap, a workhorse flap for reconstruction, allows a large dimension and free thickness control with low donor-site morbidity. The value of a free thin thoracodorsal artery perforator flap for @entity4048 has not been evaluated in a substantial series. METHODS: Four @entity1 and eight @entity1 underwent neck reconstruction from December of 2002 to August of 2004. Mean @entity1 age was 34.3 years (range, 21 to 47 years). Thorough @entity1159 releases were performed and cervicoplasty was added for optimal neck appearance. Uniformly thin thoracodorsal artery perforator flaps were made. Both lateral ends of these flaps were designed with a fishtail shape for sufficient release and to minimize linear scar band formation in the most lateral region of the neck. RESULTS: Elevated flaps as large as 24 x 12 cm and with a mean thickness 5.3 mm were used. All flaps survived without significant complications. Range of neck motion increased, and the cervicomandibular angle was sharpened in all @entity1 . A highly natural neck contour was universally obtained without a secondary debulking procedure. CONCLUSIONS: The free thin thoracodorsal artery perforator flap with cervicoplasty provides good functional and aesthetic results in terms of neck contour and cervicomental angle, with a reduced necessity for secondary procedures and low donor-site morbidity. This method is highly valuable for reconstruction of severe @entity1159 .

title: Reconstruction of XXXX using free thin thoracodorsal artery perforator flaps with cervicoplasty.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['cosmetic deformities']

entities_list: @entity4048 :: ('MESH:D019547', 'Disease') :: ['anterior neck burn deformities']

entities_list: @entity1159 :: ('MESH:D003286', 'Disease') :: ['postburn neck contractures', 'burn scar contracture']

answer: @entity1159 :: (MESH:D003286,Disease) :: ['postburn neck contractures']


abstract: @entity9706 / @entity9707 is an inhibitory receptor expressed by NK cells and cytotoxic lymphocytes and, upon activation by @entity3998 , downregulates the cytolytic activities of these cells thus representing a @entity5 immune escape mechanism. This study was aimed at assessing whether cytotoxic lymphocytes ( @entity405 +) and NK cells from @entity3483 have a deregulated expression of @entity9706 / @entity9707 . The expression of membrane @entity9706 / @entity9707 and perforin was evaluated by flow-cytometry in @entity405 + and NK cells from @entity1143 and autologous peripheral blood of @entity5 (n=19) and @entity712 ( @entity712 ) (n=11) @entity1 . Intracellular @entity9706 / @entity9707 expression was evaluated by flow-cytometry in pleural effusion @entity405 + and NK cells from @entity5 @entity1 (n=10). Cytotoxic activity against @entity5 cells exerted by pleural and autologous peripheral blood T lymphocytes from @entity5 @entity1 was assessed by flow-cytometry assay. Pleural @entity405 + from @entity5 @entity1 showed a reduced expression of membrane @entity9706 / @entity9707 and perforin when compared to autologous peripheral blood and @entity712 . Reduced numbers of NK cells were present in @entity1143 from both @entity5 and @entity712 @entity1 . Pleural NK from @entity5 @entity1 showed a reduced expression of membrane @entity9706 / @entity9707 and perforin when compared to autologous peripheral blood. Pleural T lymphocytes from @entity5 @entity1 exhibited a reduced cytotoxic activity against @entity5 cells when compared to autologous peripheral blood T lymphocytes. The intracellular expression of @entity9706 / @entity9707 in @entity405 + and NK cells from @entity5 @entity1 was higher than membrane expression. In conclusion, this study provides compelling evidences of new mechanisms underlying the reduced host defence against @entity5 within the pleural space.

title: Altered @entity9706 / XXXX and perforin expression reduce the cytotoxic activity in @entity3483 .

entities_list: @entity1143 :: ('MESH:D010996', 'Disease') :: ['pleural effusions']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure', 'CHF pleural effusions', 'CHF']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity3483 :: ('MESH:D016066', 'Disease') :: ['malignant pleural effusions']

answer: @entity9707 :: (3821,Gene) :: ['NKG2A']


abstract: The purpose of this study was to review the incidence of extreme @entity1148 (ExT) (platelet count 1,000,000/microL or greater) in @entity130 @entity1 and to examine the role of antiplatelet agents in its treatment. The Los Angeles County Medical Center @entity130 registry was used to obtain injury demographics, medications, and daily platelet counts for injured @entity1 16 years of age or older admitted between July 2005 and February 2008. Of 6,985 total @entity130 @entity1 admitted during the study period, 95 developed ExT (1.4%). Average age was 29 years (range, 16-63 years), 89 per cent were male, 44 per cent had penetrating @entity130 , and mean Injury Severity Score was 24 (range, 1-57). Of the 95 @entity1 with ExT, 41 were treated with @entity117 (43%) and 54 were not (57%). The two groups did not differ with regard to basic demographics, injury patterns, vitals on admission, or splenectomy rate (34 vs 20%, P = 0.13). After adjusting for maximum platelet counts and duration of ExT, there was no difference between the treated and untreated groups in terms of mortality, complications, and intensive care unit or hospital lengths of stay. The incidence of ExT is approximately 1.4 per cent in @entity130 patients. Antiplatelet therapy does not affect ExT @entity1 outcome. Further prospective studies are warranted.

title: Extreme XXXX in @entity130 patients: are antiplatelet agents the answer?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity1148 :: ('MESH:D013922', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytosis']

answer: @entity1148 :: (MESH:D013922,Disease) :: ['thrombocytosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Anaplastic @entity788 are rare @entity5 . The available data are focused on pathologic and molecular features, and little is known about the clinical presentation and management. The outcome of operative exploration and resection is unknown. METHODS: From a prospective database, all consecutive operations for anaplastic @entity788 performed at our institution were identified. The clinicopathologic details were analyzed and the outcome was compared with a matched group of typical @entity1124 (nested case-control study). RESULTS: Eighteen @entity1 with anaplastic @entity788 were identified. The @entity1 had a median age of 64 years. The @entity5 were large (median diameter, 4 cm) and showed peripheral contrast enhancement in radiologic imaging. Fifteen (83%) @entity1 underwent resection, a palliative bypass procedure was performed in 1 (6%) @entity1 , and 2 @entity1 underwent exploration with biopsy only. Perioperative morbidity was 39% and mortality was 6%. The median survival rate in @entity1 with anaplastic @entity788 was 5.7 months and was less than in the control group of @entity1 with @entity1124 (15.7 months). In anaplastic @entity788 , the median duration of survival was significantly greater after R0/R1 resection, as compared with palliative surgery (7.1 vs 2.3 months). The duration of survival was significantly greater in @entity5 with osteoclast-like giant cells. In 3 (17%) @entity1 , long-term survival of 33, 49, and 161 months was observed. CONCLUSION: Anaplastic @entity788 is an aggressive type of @entity788 with a short median survival; however, because of the observation of prolonged survival after resection, resection should be performed whenever possible. The presence of osteoclast-like giant cells is associated with a favorable prognosis.

title: Anaplastic XXXX : Presentation, surgical management, and outcome.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplasms', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer', 'pancreatic cancers']

entities_list: @entity1124 :: ('MESH:D021441', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas', 'pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatic cancer']


abstract: Hyperlipidaemia, @entity731 and @entity66 are becoming a major health problem in developing countries. Ocimum basilicum is one of the medicinal plants widely used in Morocco to reduce plasma @entity165 and to reduce the risk of @entity731 - @entity66 . However, mechanisms underlying the reported hypolipidaemic effect of this plant have not been investigated. This study evaluates the lipid lowering effect of aqueous Ocimum basilicum extract in @entity12218 -induced hyperlipidaemic @entity35 . Hyperlipidaemia was developed in animals by intraperitoneal injection of @entity33534 (200 mg/kg). After injection of @entity33534 the animals were divided into three treatment groups: hyperlipidaemic, hyperlipidaemic plus herb extract and hyperlipidaemic plus @entity3724 treated @entity35 . At 7 h after the @entity33534 injection, levels of plasma @entity165 , @entity1674 and LDL- @entity165 in @entity35 treated also with the Ocimum basilicum extract (0.5 g/100 g body weight) were, respectively, 50%, 83% and 79% lower than @entity33534 -treated @entity35 and HDL- @entity165 was 129% higher than in @entity35 given @entity33534 alone. At 24 h following Ocimum basilicum administration, total @entity165 , @entity1674 and LDL- @entity165 levels decreased by 56%, 63% and 68%, respectively, in comparison with the @entity33534 treated group and HDL- @entity165 was not increased significantly. The hypolipidaemic effect exerted by Ocimum basilicum extract was markedly stronger than the effect induced by @entity3724 treatments. Further it was demonstrated that Ocimum basilicum aqueous extract displayed a very high antioxidant power. These results indicate that Ocimum basilicum extract may contain hypolipidaemic and antioxidant substances and its use as a therapeutic tool in hyperlipidaemic subjects may be of benefit and encourage further investigation in this field.

title: Hypolipidaemic activity of aqueous Ocimum basilicum extract in acute hyperlipidaemia induced by XXXX @entity12218 in @entity35 and its antioxidant property.

entities_list: @entity3724 :: ('MESH:D011345', 'Chemical') :: ['fenofibrate']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['related diseases']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity33534 :: (CHEBI:29234,Chemical) :: ['triton']


abstract: Many sources of variation in animal experiments are related to characteristics of the animal or its husbandry conditions. In ethologic studies, observational methods can also affect interexperimental variation. Different descriptions for a behavior can lead to divergent findings that may be incorrectly attributed to other factors if not recognized as stemming from a classification dissonance. Here we discuss 2 observational studies in Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus). The first study describes how data vary when 2 different @entity1442 are used for stereotypic digging: @entity2360 (mor), a definition based on a morphologic description of the behavior, and @entity2360 (12), a definition that relies mainly on a duration criterion of digging bouts (greater than 12 s). The total duration and number of stereotypic bouts were 22.0% and 63.1% lower, respectively, when @entity2360 (12) was applied compared with @entity2360 (mor). However, strong correlations existed between data generated by @entity2360 (mor) and @entity2360 (12), indicating that the 2 definitions yielded qualitatively similar results. The second study provides the first report that laboratory gerbils develop stereotypic behavior that is characterized by alternating bouts of digging and bar-gnawing. Of the 1685 stereotypy bouts investigated, 9.1% comprised both stereotypies, 87.6% consisted of digging only, and 3.3% consisted of bar gnawing only. Working definitions that neglect combined stereotypies can result in considerable underestimation of stereotypic behavior in Mongolian gerbils.

title: The effect of different XXXX on behavioral research involving stereotypies in Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus).

entities_list: @entity1442 :: ('MESH:D020178', 'Disease') :: ['working definitions']

answer: @entity1442 :: (MESH:D020178,Disease) :: ['working definitions']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1 with @entity4309 ( @entity4309 ) have a high risk of developing @entity1204 ( @entity1204 ) and, less frequently, @entity43 . As @entity1204 not uncommonly is the first malignancy, prophylactic hysterectomy (PH) has been increasingly implemented. In this study, we report the clinicopathologic features of a series of 70 @entity4309 @entity1 who underwent either PH (n=39) or nonprophylactic hysterectomy (NPH) (n=31) at 3 tertiary referral centers. Among the 39 @entity1 with PH, 2 had @entity1204 seen grossly, whereas 37 showed no macroscopic lesions. Total inclusion of the endometrium was performed in 24/39 (61.5%). Abnormal histologic findings were identified in 9/39 (23.1%) PHs: 3 @entity1204 ( @entity1204 ), including the 2 macroscopic and 1 microscopic (0.6 cm), and 4 atypical and 6 nonatypical @entity1373 . NPH included those performed for @entity43 treatment. @entity5 sampling followed standard protocols. ECs comprised 26 @entity1204 and 1 @entity1358 , with a median size of 3.7 cm. @entity1373 was observed in 10 (33.3%) as background in @entity1204 , in 4 showing atypia. Eight (29.6%) @entity5 were centered in the lower uterine segment (all @entity1204 ). @entity1204 were predominantly well differentiated (53.8%) and FIGO stage I (77.8%). A papillary architecture was common (51.9%) and associated with microcystic elongated and fragmented foci in 4. Mucinous differentiation was observed in 25.9% of @entity1204 , typically representing <10%. Most @entity1204 (81.5%) showed @entity5 -infiltrating lymphocyte counts >= 42/10 high-power fields. Four @entity5 showed extensive @entity39 . Eight @entity1 had @entity43 (4 synchronous), including 2 @entity4348 , @entity1358 , 1 borderline clear cell @entity189 of mixed cell types, 1 primitive @entity4969 , and 1 metastatic @entity320 . Total inclusion of the endometrium should be done in all @entity4309 @entity1 ' surgical specimens without macroscopic lesions as some of these @entity1 harbor preneoplastic or neoplastic conditions treatable at an early stage. The phenotype of @entity4309 -associated @entity43 is variable and frequently includes features not commonly observed in @entity5 , but in our experience @entity189 were in general low grade and low stage.

title: Pathologic Findings in Prophylactic and Nonprophylactic Hysterectomy Specimens of XXXX With @entity4309 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian carcinoma', 'ovarian tumors', 'endometrial and ovarian cancer', 'endometrial and ovarian tumors']

entities_list: @entity1204 :: ('MESH:D016889', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial carcinoma', 'endometrial endometrioid carcinomas', 'endometrial tumors', 'EECs', 'EC']

entities_list: @entity4309 :: ('MESH:D003123', 'Disease') :: ['Lynch syndrome', 'LS']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor', 'tumors', 'sporadic cancers']

entities_list: @entity4969 :: ('MESH:D017599', 'Disease') :: ['neuroectodermal tumor']

entities_list: @entity1373 :: ('MESH:D006965', 'Disease') :: ['hyperplasias', 'Hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomas', 'adenofibroma, 1 M  llerian carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['clear cell carcinoma', '2 clear cell carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity4348 :: ('MESH:D018269', 'Disease') :: ['endometrioid carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: Organisms colonizing the oropharynx of @entity1 in the @entity1213 ( @entity1213 ) play an important role in the development of @entity580 . Thus, routine throat swab specimens of @entity1213 @entity1 are recommended to screen for potential pathogens [20]. This investigation was designed to clarify the value of throat swabs taken in addition to tracheal aspirates, urine cultures, and wound swabs with regard to antibiotic therapy in @entity1 with @entity55 and other @entity281 . MATERIALS AND METHODS. A total 627 intubated @entity1 were examined in a surgical @entity1213 during a 12 month period. Pharyngeal swabs, tracheal aspirates, urine cultures, and-if necessary-swabs from wounds and drains were taken immediately after admission to the @entity1213 and routinely thereafter three times each week. DEFINITIONS: Early onset @entity55 : @entity55 occurring within 4 days; late onset @entity55 : @entity55 occurring after the 4th day. @entity1320 : diffuse or localized @entity298 or @entity6177 . @entity2737 : soft-tissue or @entity79 . Corresponding organisms: the same species of bacteria with the same sensitivity pattern (Table 1). RESULTS. Sixty-eight of the @entity1 developed @entity55 . 37 had early onset @entity55 . In 22 of these @entity1 , throat and tracheal specimens had been obtained 2-3 days before the @entity55 was diagnosed. In these specimens, the causative organisms for the subsequent @entity55 were isolated in the throat in 60% of cases and in tracheal secretions in 40% (Table 3). In 35 @entity1 with late onset @entity55 , the causative bacteria were found in 66% of the cases in the throat swabs obtained 2-3 days before the diagnosis was made, in tracheal aspirates in 74% (Table 4). Throat swabs obtained at admission to the @entity1213 from already infected @entity1 or from @entity1 who developed an @entity281 were significantly more colonized with potentially pathogenic micro-organisms (Fig. 1). In 4 @entity1 with early onset @entity55 the results of the throat swab cultures influenced antibiotic therapy, but none of the throat culture results influenced the therapy of the @entity1 with late onset @entity55 or other @entity281 ( @entity1320 , wound @entity281 ). CONCLUSIONS. The throat swab taken at admission may indicate @entity1 at risk for @entity281 . However, throat cultures taken routinely thereafter, parallel with tracheal aspirate cultures, do not provide additional information that is diagnostically or therapeutically helpful. Therefore, throat swab cultures are not necessary for routine bacteriological monitoring. For the prevention of colonization by local administration of antimicrobial agents, regular throat cultures are mandatory.

title: [Routine throat swabs in artificially ventilated XXXX : meaningful bacteriologic monitoring or a needless procedure?].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity6177 :: ('MESH:D018784', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal abscess']

entities_list: @entity2737 :: ('MESH:D014946', 'Disease') :: ['Wound infection']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection, urinary tract infection', 'infection', 'infections']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone infection']

entities_list: @entity1213 :: ('MESH:D012555', 'Disease') :: ['intensive care unit', 'ICU']

entities_list: @entity580 :: ('MESH:D003428', 'Disease') :: ['nosocomial infection']

entities_list: @entity1320 :: ('MESH:D059413', 'Disease') :: ['intra-abdominal infection', 'Intra-abdominal infection']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['peritonitis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: @entity4943 ( @entity4943 ) can present with a range of social and @entity73 . Complicating this clinical picture is a group of non-progressive or 'phenocopy' @entity1 . We present a @entity1 and his father with very slowly progressive @entity4943 over decades. Stable MRI and positron emission tomography (PET) imaging abnormalities were present in the presenting @entity1 , with serial neuropsychological assessments that showed no significant change over 15 years. His father also had a 20-year history of functional decline, associated with neuropsychological evidence of change. Neuropathological confirmation of the condition of his father became available. This revealed gross bilateral frontal @entity194 and spongiosis in the frontal cortical regions with mild @entity528 and rounded ubiquitinated perinuclear inclusions, consistent with early stage @entity747 with ubiquitin by current neuropathological criteria. The phenotype of frontal variant @entity4943 is broad. Many @entity1 present with @entity75 . We present evidence that some @entity1 with a very slow clinical progression do have @entity4943 .

title: Phenocopy or variant: a longitudinal study of very slowly progressive XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['frontal networks dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairments']

entities_list: @entity747 :: ('MESH:D057174', 'Disease') :: ['frontotemporal lobar degeneration']

entities_list: @entity4943 :: ('MESH:D057180', 'Disease') :: ['FTD', 'fvFTD', 'Frontal variant frontotemporal dementia']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['neuronal loss']

answer: @entity4943 :: (MESH:D057180,Disease) :: ['frontotemporal dementia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The reduction of oral @entity229 use by @entity10438 (MF) delivered by @entity27395 @entity4185 ( @entity4185 ) was examined in oral corticosteroid ( @entity6862 )-dependent @entity1 with severe persistent @entity565 . METHODS: A 3-month, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial (n=123), followed by a 9-month open-label phase (n=120). The study was conducted at 26 medical centers in the United States. @entity1 were randomized to treatment with @entity4185 400 or 800 microg twice-daily (bid) doses, or placebo in the double-blind trial. All @entity1 received MF in the open-label phase. RESULTS: At the endpoint of the double-blind trial, @entity4185 400 and 800 microg bid reduced the daily @entity6862 dose by 39.4% and 31.1%, respectively, while placebo increased the @entity6862 dose by 107.2% (P<0.01). The @entity6862 requirement was reduced by 50% or more in 63% and 60% of @entity1 treated with @entity4185 400 and 800 microg bid, respectively, compared with 14% of @entity1 receiving placebo. After 12 weeks, despite @entity229 reductions, pulmonary function, @entity565 symptoms, @entity3045 use, nocturnal awakenings, and physician-evaluated response to therapy also showed significant improvement with @entity4185 treatment compared with placebo. Further reductions in @entity6862 requirements were achieved with long-term @entity4185 treatment in the open-label phase, with an overall 67% reduction in @entity229 usage and 51% of @entity1 completely eliminating @entity229 usage by the 1-year time point. CONCLUSION: MF delivered by @entity27395 @entity4185 significantly reduces daily @entity6862 use compared with placebo and facilitates elimination of @entity6862 use in @entity1 with severe persistent @entity565 .

title: Inhaled XXXX reduces oral @entity229 usage and improves lung function in severe persistent @entity565 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity3045 :: ('MESH:D000420', 'Chemical') :: ['albuterol']

entities_list: @entity4185 :: ('MESH:D058545', 'Disease') :: ['MDI', 'MF-MDI', 'metered dose inhaler']

entities_list: @entity10438 :: ('MESH:C053915', 'Chemical') :: ['mometasone furoate']

answer: @entity10438 :: (MESH:C053915,Chemical) :: ['mometasone furoate']


abstract: An urgent aorto-coronary bypass operation (AC-bypass) was made in three @entity1 with unstable @entity951 , suffering from stenosis of the left main trunk (LMT). All @entity1 were admitted with chief complaints of @entity1163 . Case 1 was a 71 year-old @entity1 who suffered with @entity1163 . He was admitted to our emergency room by ambulance 40 minutes after the @entity1163 , on January 11, 1989. His blood pressure was 140/96; pulse 84 and regular. The electrocardiogram (ECG) showed @entity714 , ST elevation in aVR, aVL and ST @entity308 in all other leads. Coronary arteriogram (CAG) was made urgently and showed 80% stenosis in LMT. The emergency AC-bypass operation was successfully carried out about 3 hours and 10 minutes after the onset of symptoms. Case 2 was a 51 year-old @entity1 who suffered from precordial oppression and @entity1163 . He was admitted to our emergency room by ambulance about 1 hour after the attack, on January 17, 1989. His blood pressure was 94/74; pulse 120 and irregular. Chest radiography showed a cardiothoracic ratio of 58% and the ECG disclosed @entity955 , ST elevation in aVR and ST @entity308 in I, II, III, aVF, V1-6. The echocardiogram revealed @entity5048 motion in the antero-lateral wall of the left ventricle. CAG was carried out without delay, and showed 70% stenosis with slit in LMT. An emergency AC-bypass operation was successfully carried out about 3 hours and 50 minutes after the onset of symptoms.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Three operated cases of LMT-lesion with chief complaint of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'man']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity714 :: ('MESH:D002037', 'Disease') :: ['right bundle branch block']

entities_list: @entity1163 :: ('MESH:D013575', 'Disease') :: ['syncopal attack', 'chest discomfort and syncopal attack']

entities_list: @entity5048 :: ('MESH:C536231', 'Disease') :: ['hypokinetic']

entities_list: @entity951 :: ('MESH:D000787', 'Disease') :: ['angina pectoris']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

answer: @entity1163 :: (MESH:D013575,Disease) :: ['syncopal attack']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Fat tissue is an important endocrine organ that produces a number of hormones and cytokines ( @entity1243 , @entity1254 , resistin, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, @entity5 factor @entity310 ) with essential roles in regulation of many physiological functions. METHODS: We targeted implications of adipokines in @entity385 @entity1 . @entity1 with @entity64 were examined (n=145) and the results were compared with the control group (n=68). We have examined potential associations between @entity1243 , @entity1254 and ghrelin, and different types of @entity64 and traditional risk factors. RESULTS: Significantly higher levels of @entity1243 and lower levels of @entity1254 and ghrelin were confirmed in the @entity64 group. The level of @entity1243 in @entity1 with @entity64 was three-times higher than in @entity1 , and the @entity1243 levels positively correlated with @entity28 in both sexes. Ghrelin levels correlated mildly with @entity412 levels, and were dominant in @entity1 with @entity64 . @entity1254 levels were not different between @entity1 and @entity1 with @entity64 , and correlated with atherothrombotic and @entity64 types in @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity1253 and ghrelin play an important role in @entity385 , but their function in @entity64 subtypes seems to be different and sex influenced. More research is required to confirm our results.

title: @entity1243 , @entity1254 and ghrelin, new potential mediators of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['lacunar stroke', 'cardioembolic stroke', 'stroke', 'acute stroke']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Tumour necrosis']

entities_list: @entity1253 :: ('MESH:D054392', 'Chemical') :: ['Adipokines']

entities_list: @entity1254 :: ('9370', 'Gene') :: ['Adiponectin', 'adiponectin']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity385 :: (MESH:D002544,Disease) :: ['ischemic stroke']


abstract: For nursing home residents with advanced @entity303 , very little evidence is available to show clinical benefit from enteral tube feeding. Although no randomized clinical trials have been done, considerable evidence from studies of weaker design strongly suggest that tube feeding does not reduce the risks of @entity204 , @entity1174 , pressure @entity1066 , other infections, or poor functional outcome. Nationally, however, utilization is high and highly variable. System-wide incentives favor use of tube feeding, and may influence substitute decision-makers, bedside clinicians, gastroenterologists, and administrators regardless of @entity1 preferences or putative medical indications. Underlying the widespread use of this marginally effective therapy is a basic misunderstanding about @entity3147 and about @entity1174 . The face value of tube feeding is strong indeed. In addition to the general faith in intervention, the impulse to "do something" when things are going poorly, financial incentives favor tube feeding for gastroenterologists, hospitals, and nursing homes. The desire to avoid regulatory sanctions, bad publicity, and liability exposure creates a further incentive for nursing homes to provide tube feeding. Rational, evidence-based use of tube feeding in advanced @entity303 will depend fundamentally on improved education. Reimbursement schemes require significant modification to limit the irrational use of tube feeding. Nursing home regulations based more securely on scientific evidence would likely reduce nonbeneficial tube feeding, as would evidence-based tort reform. Quality improvement initiatives could create positive incentives. Realigning incentives in these ways could, we believe, improve the quality of care, quality of life, and safety of these vulnerable individuals, likely with reduced costs of care.

title: Tube feeding in XXXX : how incentives undermine health care quality and @entity1 safety.

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity1174 :: ('MESH:D011015', 'Disease') :: ['aspiration pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity3147 :: ('MESH:D044342', 'Disease') :: ['malnutrition']

answer: @entity303 :: (MESH:D003704,Disease) :: ['dementia']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the repeatability of clinical decision-making by one @entity726 specialist and determine the influence of intraocular pressure (IOP) variation on those decisions. @entity1 AND METHODS: 40 @entity1 were selected in whom consultant decisions were appropriate concerning management. These notes were reviewed on three separate occasions, each 3 months apart. The final examination was changed to include clinical findings with the IOP, either the same, +/-2 or +/-4 mm Hg different from the recorded IOP. A forced choice clinical decision was made on each occasion: continue present treatment, change medical treatment, or recommend surgery. The clinical decisions were then compared. RESULTS: Our results showed that when the presented IOP was the same there was an 80% agreement in the management decision (kappa0.7).When the presented IOP was lowered by 2 or 4 mm Hg the agreement was 70 and 85%, respectively. When the presented IOP was increased by 2 or 4 mm Hg the agreement was 65 and 70%, respectively. None of these changes were significantly different. Similarly there was no evidence of a trend towards disagreement with IOP change (chi2 trend=1.3 P=0.25). CONCLUSIONS: Algorithms for decision-making in @entity726 are complex.Large differences between specialists are recognised. This is a first report of within specialist agreement. The impact of within measurement error differences in single IOP measurements was negligible. Review of comments suggests that the main reason for disagreement was @entity1 preference, which was absent with note review.

title: Consultant clinical decision making in a XXXX clinic.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PATIENTS', 'patient', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['glaucoma']

answer: @entity726 :: (MESH:D005901,Disease) :: ['glaucoma']


abstract: The objective of this study was to measure psychosocial functioning in morbid @entity28 @entity1 before and after horizontal gastric banding surgery, and to analyse the relations between the changes in psychosocial functioning and preoperative variables and degree of @entity353 . METHODS: One hundred and three @entity1 undergoing horizontal gastric banding surgery from 1982-85 were personally interviewed and rated by the author on DSM-III @entity2270 1, 2 and 5, the CPRS, demographic data and precoded clinical scales. The interviews and ratings were completed in the last week before the operation. In addition the @entity1 completed questionnaires concerning @entity1109 (SCL-90) and quality of life. Twenty-five @entity1 also completed the questionnaires six months before the operation. The @entity1 were followed up after one and three years. RESULTS: There were 66 @entity1 and 24 @entity1 with a mean age of 35.4 years. Their mean preoperative weight was 121.8 kg corresponding to a Broca Index of 1.72 and a Body Mass Index of 41.5. They had a mean SCL-90/GSI score of 0.99. Fourty-one percent got a diagnosis on DSM-III @entity2270 1 and 22% a diagnosis on @entity2270 2. Thirty-seven percent had made at least one contact with health services before the operation due to @entity146 problems. There were no strong relations between the relative preoperative weight and any other preoperative variable. The follow-up rate was 93%. The @entity1 had a mean @entity353 of 34.9 kg after one year and 31.5 kg three years after the operation. On group level the course and outcome of psychosocial functioning was a beneficial one. These changes were highly statistically significant and evident after one year, with only slight differences to the three years follow-up. The degree of @entity353 explained a modest but statistically significant part of the variance in most of the psychosocial outcome variables when the preoperative level of the variable and the preoperative weight were controlled for. The degree of @entity146 contact in the follow-up period seemed to reflect another dimension. It was not related to the changes in the other psychosocial outcome variables, nor to the degree of @entity353 , but was highly correlated to the degree of preoperative @entity146 contact. A group of @entity1 with negative psychosocial outcome was identified. This group was characterized by a higher frequency of preoperative @entity146 help-seeking, than the rest of the @entity1 . This pattern was most evident in a subgroup of 19% of the @entity1 , who had a negative psychosocial reaction in spite of a sufficient @entity353 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: Psychosocial function before and after gastric banding surgery for morbid XXXX . A prospective @entity146 study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['psychic symptoms']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obesity']


abstract: HYPOTHESIS: All thyroid nodules 4 cm or larger should be surgically removed regardless of @entity400 ( @entity400 ) results because of an unacceptably high rate of false-negative preoperative biopsy results in these large nodules. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: Single-institution, tertiary academic referral center. @entity1 : A retrospective analysis was performed on all @entity1 who underwent surgery for a thyroid nodule 4 cm or larger from May 1, 1994, through January 31, 2007. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Preoperative @entity400 results were correlated with final surgical pathologic results. The @entity400 results were reported as nondiagnostic, benign, inconclusive (follicular @entity5 ), or malignant, whereas the final surgical pathologic data were reported as benign or malignant. RESULTS: Of 155 @entity1 who underwent a thyroidectomy for a nodule 4 cm or larger, 21 @entity1 (13.5%) had a clinically significant @entity259 within the nodule on final pathologic analysis. Preoperative cytologic testing of the mass was performed on 97 @entity1 , and the results read as benign for 52, inconclusive for 23, nondiagnostic for 11, and malignant for 11. In lesions 4 cm or larger, 26 of 52 @entity400 results reported as benign (50.0%) turned out to be either neoplastic (22) or malignant (4) on final pathologic analysis. Among @entity1 with nondiagnostic @entity400 results, the risk of @entity5 was 27.3%. CONCLUSIONS: In @entity1 with thyroid nodules 4 cm or larger, the @entity400 results are highly inaccurate, misclassifying half of all @entity1 with reportedly benign lesions. Furthermore, those @entity1 with a nondiagnostic @entity400 result display a high risk of differentiated @entity259 . Therefore, we recommend that diagnostic lobectomy be strongly considered in @entity1 with thyroid nodules 4 cm or larger regardless of @entity400 cytologic test results.

title: Accuracy of @entity400 for predicting XXXX or carcinoma in thyroid nodules 4 cm or larger.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity259 :: ('MESH:D013964', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity400 :: ('MESH:D014202', 'Disease') :: ['fine-needle aspiration biopsy', 'FNAB']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant neoplasms', 'neoplasm']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['neoplasm']


abstract: To study the effects of pharmacologic interventions on reperfusion-induced @entity943 , open chest anesthetized @entity235 were subjected to occlusion of a coronary artery for 3 hours followed by reperfusion for 3 hours. Electrocardiograms were recorded with a two-channel monitor with the subsequent recordings submitted to computer-assisted analysis. The extent of @entity583 was measured by staining with @entity5045 . @entity2683 (12 mg/kg) and @entity1855 (0.9 mg/kg) were given, starting at 120 min of coronary occlusion and continued until the end of experiments. @entity1882 (60 mg/kg) was administered at 120 min of @entity63 . @entity1882 and @entity1882 together with @entity1855 reduced the extent of @entity1188 (to 62 +/- 6% and 53 +/- 4% of the zone at risk, respectively; compared to 77 +/- 3% of the zone at risk in the control group, P less than 0.05) while @entity1855 alone and @entity2683 did not. There were 5 fatal episodes of @entity2224 in 23 @entity235 , together with other @entity943 when occlusion was released in the control group. @entity2683 and @entity1855 prevented these episodes of @entity2224 during reperfusion while @entity1882 , and @entity1882 together with @entity1855 , did not. Apart from fibrillations, @entity2683 eliminated @entity1165 , in contrast to the other drugs, which did not. @entity2683 and @entity1855 alone prevented @entity1540 while @entity1882 , and @entity1882 with @entity1855 , exacerbated their generation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Pharmacologic modifications of reperfusion @entity943 in the XXXX in vivo: possible relation to limitation of the extent of @entity1188 .

entities_list: @entity5045 :: ('MESH:C009591', 'Chemical') :: ['triphenyl tetrazolium chloride']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular tachycardias']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity1855 :: ('MESH:D014700', 'Chemical') :: ['verapamil']

entities_list: @entity2683 :: ('MESH:D008801', 'Chemical') :: ['Mexiletine', 'mexiletine']

entities_list: @entity1882 :: ('MESH:D002084', 'Chemical') :: ['Dibunol', 'dibunol']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarction']

entities_list: @entity2224 :: ('MESH:D014693', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular fibrillation', 'ventricular fibrillations']

entities_list: @entity1540 :: ('MESH:D018879', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular premature beats']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['malignant arrhythmias', 'arrhythmias']

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['dog']


abstract: Determining to what degree chemicals and environmental agents contribute to the development of @entity5 would be materially enhanced by the ability to distinguish chemically induced @entity5 from those that arise spontaneously. Using DNA fingerprinting as an assay, we investigated whether somatic DNA rearrangements are more frequent in chemically induced @entity19 @entity96 than they are in spontaneous @entity19 @entity96 . @entity5 were induced by a single i.p. injection of 12-day old male Crl: @entity2659 (ICR)BR ( @entity2659 ) @entity19 with 20 nmol/g @entity3653 and were harvested 9 to 12 months after injection. @entity5 were obtained from 94- to 98-week old male @entity2659 @entity19 . We detected 8 rearrangements in 14 @entity3653 -induced @entity5 , which corresponds to a high rearrangement frequency of about 2% (of the minisatellite bands examined). Furthermore, 6 of these rearrangements included complete band losses which must have occurred early in @entity5 development. However, only 2 band changes were observed in 15 spontaneous @entity5 , and both changes were intensity shifts which may represent rearrangements that occurred later during @entity5 progression. Histological examination showed that the higher frequency of rearrangements in @entity3653 -induced @entity5 versus spontaneous @entity5 was not related to differences in the degree of @entity5 progression or @entity5 . Our results suggest that DNA fingerprinting may be a valuable assay for differentiating certain chemically induced @entity5 from spontaneous @entity5 .

title: DNA fingerprinting of XXXX -induced and spontaneous @entity2659 @entity19 @entity96 .

entities_list: @entity3653 :: ('CHEBI:254496', 'Chemical') :: ['7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene', '7,12-dimethylbenz[a]-anthracene']

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['liver tumors']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumors', 'Spontaneous tumors', 'cancer', 'malignancy', 'tumors']

answer: @entity3653 :: (CHEBI:254496,Chemical) :: ['7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Infectious complications after @entity385 are frequent and lead to @entity16 , poor functional outcomes, and higher mortality. Local and systemic inflammatory responses to @entity2806 differ between males and females, but little is known about differences in poststroke susceptibility to @entity281 by sex. The purpose of this study was to compare sex-related differences in the risk of hospital-acquired @entity295 and @entity55 after @entity64 ( @entity64 ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a retrospective, secondary analysis of the 2010-2011 California State Inpatient Database. Previously validated International Classification of Disease, Ninth Revision (ICD-9) codes were used to identify adult hospitalizations for @entity64 . The primary outcome was hospital-acquired @entity295 or @entity55 , also identified using ICD-9 codes. Associations between sex and hospital-acquired @entity295 or @entity55 were adjusted for baseline characteristics and comorbidities using multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS: There were 91,643 hospitalizations for @entity64 included in this analysis, of which 1027 had hospital-acquired @entity295 and 1225 had @entity55 . The in-hospital mortality without @entity281 was 4.6%; the presence of hospital-acquired @entity281 was associated with higher mortality for @entity295 (32.7%) and @entity55 (21.9%). Female (versus male) sex was associated with lower adjusted odds of hospital-acquired @entity295 (odds ratio [OR] .74, 95% confidence interval [CI] .65-.84) and @entity55 (OR .69, 95% CI .62-.78). This difference was similar across age strata. Among hospitalizations with either hospital-acquired @entity295 or @entity55 , sex did not influence mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Female sex was associated with a lower risk of hospital-acquired @entity295 and @entity55 after @entity64 . Further investigation is needed to determine the mechanisms underlying this clinical observation.

title: Sex-Related Differences in the Risk of Hospital-Acquired @entity55 Post Acute XXXX .

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['acute ischemic stroke', 'AIS']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['brain ischemia']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia', 'hospital-acquired pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deterioration']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection', 'infections']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity385 :: (MESH:D002544,Disease) :: ['Ischemic Stroke']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Accurate preoperative diagnosis and staging of @entity1 with @entity356 is essential for optimal treatment. The standard of care for staging @entity356 is helical CT. This study was conducted to compare the efficacy of hydrogastric sonography (HGS) with that of helical CT in the staging of @entity1 with @entity356 . METHODS: A total of 42 consecutive @entity1 (29 @entity1 and 13 @entity1 ) diagnosed with @entity356 after endoscopy and biopsy were staged on the basis of @entity2802 classification, preoperatively with HGS and helical CT and postoperatively with histopathologic examination (HPE). The findings of HGS and helical CT were compared with those on HPE with respect to @entity2802 stage. RESULTS: Regarding T stage, the accuracy of HGS was 78.6% (kappa = 0.68) and that of helical CT was 66.7% (kappa = 0.48). In evaluating the nodal status, the accuracy of HGS was 66.7% (kappa = 0.52) and that of helical CT was 54.6% (kappa = 0.39). Regarding distant metastases, accuracy was the same with HGS and helical CT (accuracy 95.2%, kappa = 0.89). CONCLUSIONS: When compared with HPE, HGS was found to be more accurate than helical CT for assessment of T and N staging. Sonographic and helical CT were equally accurate for the assessment of M stage.

title: Efficacy of hydrogastric sonography and spiral Computed Tomography in staging of XXXX --a comparative study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer', 'gastric carcinoma']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['gastric carcinoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Introduction   Some studies have investigated the influence of hormonal deficits and menopausal status in @entity121 of @entity1 . However, it has not been investigated the relationship of both climacteric symptoms and the perception of quality of life with physical performance. Objective   To evaluate the correlation of menopausal symptoms and quality of life with physical performance in middle-aged @entity1 . Methods   This cross-sectional study was performed from April to November 2013 in the municipality of Parnamirim, in the Brazilian state, Rio Grande do Norte. The sample was composed of 497 @entity1 aged 40-65 years. The @entity1168 ( @entity1168 ) and the Utian Quality of Life (UQOL) questionnaire were used to evaluate menopausal symptoms and quality of life respectively. Measures of physical performance included handgrip strength, knee extensor and flexor strengths (using an isometric dynamometer), gait speed, and chair stand test. The correlation between menopausal symptoms and quality of life with physical performance was assessed by Pearson's correlation coefficient with significance set at p   <   0.05 and a confidence interval of 95%. Results   There was a significant negative correlation between handgrip strength and somatic @entity1168 score (p   =   0.002) and total @entity1168 score (p   =   0.03). There was a significant correlation between knee flexor strength and sit-to-stand time and all menopausal symptom areas (p   <   0.05), except @entity1109 . There was a positive correlation between physical performance of the knee flexors and quality of life items including occupational (p   =   0.001), emotional (p   =   0.005), and total UQOL (p   =   0.01), but a negative correlation with sit-to-stand time and all quality of life domains (p   <   0.05). Conclusion   A greater intensity of menopausal symptoms and worse quality of life were related with worse physical performance. Thus, preventive measures should be implemented to avoid adverse effects on physical performance at more advanced ages.

title: Correlation of Menopausal Symptoms and Quality of Life with Physical Performance in Middle-Aged XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1168 :: ('MESH:D001919', 'Disease') :: ['MRS', 'Menopause Rating Scale']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['psychological symptoms']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['muscle disorders']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Women']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To detect a detrimental or beneficial effect of anti-IL-12/23 biological agents (ustekinumab and briakinumab) for the treatment of chronic @entity1569 on major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs). DESIGN: Systematic review and meta-analysis MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Skin Group Specialised Register, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) in The Cochrane Library, SciVerse Scopus and ongoing trial registries were searched from inception until December 2011. Search strategy, eligibility criteria, data and statistical analysis methods were defined prior to the literature search. Randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, monotherapy studies with safety data for MACEs of IL-12/23 antibodies in adults were eligible for inclusion. Studies of @entity5144 were excluded. Information from each study was extracted independently by two reviewers, using a standardized data extraction form. The primary outcome measure was the number of MACEs during the placebo-controlled phase of treatment. RESULTS: MACEs include @entity583 , cerebrovascular accident or @entity65 . No statistical heterogeneity across the studies using the I(2) statistic (I(2) = 0) was found. We employed Peto one-step method to determine odds ratios and quantify a possible detrimental or beneficial association of IL-12/23 antibodies treatment with MACEs. We found a possible higher risk of MACEs in those @entity1 treated with IL-12/23 antibodies compared with those at placebo (OR = 4.23, 95% CI: 1.07-16.75, P = 0.04). This study is unaffected by non-reporting of outcomes with no events. CONCLUSION: Compared with placebo, there was a significant difference in the rate of MACEs observed in patients receiving anti-IL-12/23 biological agents.

title: Re-evaluation of the risk for major adverse cardiovascular events in @entity1 treated with anti-IL-12/23 biological agents for chronic XXXX : a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1569 :: ('MESH:D011565', 'Disease') :: ['plaque psoriasis']

entities_list: @entity5144 :: ('MESH:D015535', 'Disease') :: ['psoriatic arthritis']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular death']

answer: @entity1569 :: (MESH:D011565,Disease) :: ['plaque psoriasis']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Diaphragm peritonectomy or resection is an effective way to cytoreduce diaphragm disease but frequently results in sympathetic @entity1143 . Our objective was to determine the incidence and management of effusions that developed after diaphragm surgery in @entity1 with advanced mullerian @entity5 . METHODS: We reviewed the records of all @entity1 with stage IIIC-IV epithelial @entity43 who had diaphragm peritonectomy or resection as part of optimal primary cytoreduction at our institution from 2000-2003. All @entity1 had preoperative and serial postoperative chest X-rays to detect and follow @entity1143 . Factors evaluated included the presence and size of preoperative and postoperative effusions, their laterality, and subsequent need for thoracentesis and/or chest tube placement for symptomatic effusions. RESULTS: Of the 215 @entity1 who had primary cytoreduction during the study period, 59 (27%) underwent diaphragm peritonectomy or resection. In addition to standard cytoreduction, 31 (53%) of these 59 @entity1 had diaphragm surgery alone, while 28 (47%) had diaphragm surgery in combination with other upper abdominal resections. Laterality of diaphragm surgery was as follows: right only, 43 (73%); left only, 2 (3%); and bilateral, 14 (24%). Intraoperative chest tubes were placed in 7 (12%) @entity1 . In the remaining 12 @entity1 with preoperative effusions, postoperative effusions on the same side as the diaphragm surgery increased in 6 @entity1 (50%), and 3 @entity1 (25%) required postoperative thoracentesis or chest tube. In the remaining 40 @entity1 without preoperative effusions, @entity1143 developed in 24 @entity1 (60%), and 5 @entity1 (13%) required postoperative chest tubes. The overall rate of new or increased @entity1143 was 58%; the overall rate of postoperative thoracentesis or chest tube placement was 15%. In 75% of the @entity1 , thoracentesis or chest tubes were placed within 5 days of surgery (median, 3 days; range, 2-24). CONCLUSIONS: More than half of @entity1 developed ipsilateral @entity1143 after diaphragm peritonectomy for cytoreduction. Most were managed conservatively without requiring a chest tube or thoracentesis. The incidence of symptomatic effusions was not high enough to recommend routine chest tube placement at the time of diaphragm peritonectomy or resection.

title: Incidence and management of XXXX after diaphragm peritonectomy or resection for advanced mullerian @entity5 .

entities_list: @entity1143 :: ('MESH:D010996', 'Disease') :: ['ipsilateral effusions', 'pleural effusions']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian, fallopian tube, or peritoneal cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

answer: @entity1143 :: (MESH:D010996,Disease) :: ['pleural effusions']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Surgical treatment for cervical @entity5 is associated with a high rate of late @entity260 , and in particular with @entity250 . AIM: To evaluate sexual function in @entity1 who underwent radical hysterectomy (RH), in comparison with a control group of healthy @entity1 , using a validated questionnaire (Female Sexual Function Index [FSFI]). Then we tried to evaluate the possible differences between laparoscopic RH and abdominal RH in terms of their impact on sexuality. METHODS: Consecutive sexually active @entity1 , who underwent RH for the treatment of @entity5 between 2003 and 2007, were enrolled in this study (cases) and divided into two groups, according to the surgical approach. All @entity1 were administered the FSFI. The results of this questionnaire were compared between @entity1 who underwent laparoscopic RH ( @entity558 group) vs. @entity1 who underwent laparotomic RH (LPT group). The cases of RH were also compared with a control group of healthy @entity1 , who were referred to our outpatient clinic for a routine gynecologic evaluation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: FSFI questionnaire on six domains of female sexuality (desire, arousal, lubrication, orgasm, satisfaction, @entity158 ). RESULTS: A total of 38 @entity1 were included. We also enrolled 35 @entity1 as healthy controls. FSFI score was significantly higher in the healthy controls vs. the cases of RH. In the @entity558 group, the total score and all the domains of the FSFI were lower in comparison with the healthy controls, whereas three of the six domains (arousal, lubrication, orgasm) and the total score of FSFI were lower in the LPT group if compared with the controls. There were no significant differences between @entity558 and LPT group. CONCLUSIONS: RH worsens sexual function, regardless of the type of surgical approach. In our experience, laparoscopy did not show any benefit on @entity1 's sexuality over the abdominal surgery for cervical @entity5 .

title: Sexual function after radical hysterectomy for XXXX : is there a difference between laparoscopy and laparotomy?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['early-stage cervical cancer', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity250 :: ('MESH:D012735', 'Disease') :: ['sexual dysfunction']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['early-stage cervical cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Endoscope-assisted skin-sparing mastectomy (SSM) or @entity8640 ( @entity8640 ) has been developed to minimize the skin incision and to improve the cosmetic outcome of reconstructed breast for @entity1 with @entity0 . However, this procedure can be performed without using endoscopic instruments. METHODS: We have performed SSM or @entity8640 via a small periareolar incision with axillary incision using wound retractors without disposable endoscopic instruments. After the entire breast tissue was removed, @entity0 ( @entity0 ) using tissue expanders was performed through the axillary incision. RESULTS: Twelve @entity1 (13 cases: 1 @entity1 had synchronous bilateral primary @entity5 ) underwent @entity8640 , and 8 had SSM because of involvement of the nipple-areola complex. @entity0 was performed with tissue expanders in 18 @entity1 , while 2 @entity1 refused to have @entity0 because of small breast size. When 3 @entity1 with synchronous or metachronous @entity0 were excluded, the average length of surgery was 267  min in 15 @entity1 who underwent SSM or @entity8640 followed by @entity0 with implants, while it was only 120  min in 2 @entity1 who underwent @entity8640 alone. Average @entity190 was 135  mL (range 40-350  mL). CONCLUSION: We have described a novel technique using the wound retractor for SSM or @entity8640 followed by @entity0 in treating @entity0 @entity1 . This technique can minimize skin incisions without using disposable endoscopic instruments and improve the cosmetic outcome of the reconstructed breast.

title: Nipple- or skin-sparing mastectomy and XXXX by the "moving window" operation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['immediate breast reconstruction', 'IBR', 'bilateral breast cancer', 'breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity8640 :: ('MESH:C562557', 'Disease') :: ['NSM', 'nipple-sparing mastectomy']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['immediate breast reconstruction']


abstract: Positive direct antiglobulin results prior to transfusion in some of our @entity791 @entity1 , as well as some reports in the literature on red cell antibodies in @entity791 @entity1 , prompted us to investigate the prevalence of erythrocyte antibodies in @entity791 @entity1 with transfusion requiring @entity417 . In addition we studied the question of relevant correlations with clinical diagnosis and with hematological and immunological laboratory parameters. Of 145 consecutive hospitalized @entity791 @entity1 (CDC criteria), 34 (23%) presented with @entity417 requiring transfusion. With each cross-match a routine antibody screening was performed. In cases of positive reaction additional antibody differentiation was done. Diagnoses, hematologic parameters, and therapy were studied retrospectively. Agglutination was positive in at least one test for 41% (14/34) (group 1). @entity8428 , anti I, cold agglutinins, and IgG occurred most frequently (n = 9/8/7/6 out of 14). Seventy-five per cent (12/14) had @entity1431 (less than 4000/microliters), 57% (8/14) had @entity882 (less than 150,000/microliters), and 43% (6/14) showed both. Average values for leukocytes, thrombocytes, and @entity404 -positive lymphocytes did not differ significantly in @entity1 with (group 1) and without (group 2) erythrocyte antibodies. Average gamma globulin levels were significantly increased in group 1 (23.2 g/l versus 16.9 g/l; p less than 0.001). In group 1, 64% (9/14) had proven @entity4593 (6 atypical), in contrast to only 15% (3/20) in group 2 (p less than 0.05). There were no significant differences between the two groups in prevalence of other @entity1292 , @entity706 , and @entity2826 . Autoimmune versus infectious pathogenesis of pathologic erythrocyte antibodies in @entity791 has been discussed in the literature.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Erythrocyte antibodies in XXXX are associated with @entity4593 and hypergammaglobulinemia.

entities_list: @entity2826 :: ('MESH:D012514', 'Disease') :: ["Kaposi's sarcoma"]

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['malignant lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity4593 :: ('MESH:D009165', 'Disease') :: ['mycobacteriosis']

entities_list: @entity1431 :: ('MESH:D007970', 'Disease') :: ['leukopenia']

entities_list: @entity1292 :: ('MESH:D009894', 'Disease') :: ['opportunistic infections']

answer: @entity791 :: (MESH:D000163,Disease) :: ['AIDS']


abstract: Fourteen fetuses with @entity473 were examined by two-dimensional echocardiography, pulsed-wave Doppler echocardiography, and color Doppler flow mapping. Eleven fetuses had complete and three fetuses had partial @entity473 . Nonimmune @entity4296 was associated with six cases, and fetal @entity943 was seen in three cases. With two-dimensional echocardiography, the @entity473 could be diagnosed accurately. The inclusion of color Doppler flow mapping, however, provided additional hemodynamic information that was important from the prognostic point of view. @entity337 of @entity340 could be demonstrated in 10 of 14 cases by Doppler echocardiography. In nine cases, detailed Doppler echocardiographic evaluation of the regurgitation jet was possible. The proportion of systolic time during which @entity338 was demonstrated was related to the occurrence of nonimmune @entity4296 . When insufficiency of @entity340 was associated with @entity4 (four cases), a pansystolic insufficiency was always present. In cases without @entity4 (five), regurgitation was confined to early systole. Thus a reliable method for semiquantitative evaluation of the degree of insufficiency seems to have been found. Moreover, an association appeared to exist between the occurrence of @entity4296 and the proportion of atrial area that was taken up by regurgitant jet area, as determined by planimetry in the four-chamber view. Prenatal diagnosis was confirmed by autopsy or neonatal cardiac evaluation. Only one neonate survived in our series. Two were stillborn, four died during the neonatal period, two died during infancy, and pregnancy was electively terminated prematurely in five cases. Eight fetuses were found to have a karyotypic abnormality.

title: Prenatal diagnosis of XXXX with up-to-date echocardiographic technology: report of 14 cases.

entities_list: @entity473 :: ('MESH:C563240', 'Disease') :: ['atrioventricular canal malformations']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['hydrops']

entities_list: @entity338 :: ('MESH:D011665', 'Disease') :: ['atrioventricular valve insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity4296 :: ('MESH:D015160', 'Disease') :: ['hydrops fetalis']

entities_list: @entity337 :: ('MESH:D001022', 'Disease') :: ['Incompetence']

entities_list: @entity340 :: ('MESH:D006349', 'Disease') :: ['atrioventricular valves']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmia']

answer: @entity473 :: (MESH:C563240,Disease) :: ['atrioventricular canal malformations']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine degree of adherence to guidelines for @entity410 prophylaxis following @entity131 ( @entity131 ). SETTING: Tertiary care level 1 @entity130 center and affiliated inpatient rehabilitation facility. @entity1 : A total of 173 individuals with @entity131 who required inpatient rehabilitation from January 1, 2007, to December 31, 2013. DESIGN: Retrospective medical record review. MAIN MEASURES: Overutilization rate of prophylactic @entity734 ( @entity734 ); failure to stop rate of AED utilization upon admission to and during inpatient rehabilitation; and duration of overutilization. RESULTS: Of the 173 @entity1 included, 77 were started on @entity410 prophylaxis at hospital presentation and 96 were not. Of the 77 @entity1 , 11 had a posttraumatic @entity410 . Of the 66 remaining, 18 @entity1 (10.4%) were continued on @entity734 for more than 7 days after injury. Of these 18 @entity1 , 12 were continued on @entity734 without indication upon admission to inpatient rehabilitation. Finally, 8 of the 12 were continued on @entity734 at discharge from rehabilitation, resulting in a failure to stop rate of 66.67%. CONCLUSION: Despite existing guidelines for stopping @entity410 prophylaxis after @entity131 , some @entity1 remain on @entity734 and may be inappropriately exposed to possible medication side effects. These findings highlight the importance of communication at the time of rehabilitation transfer and the need for ongoing education about AED guidelines.

title: @entity410 Prophylaxis Guidelines Following XXXX : An Evaluation of Compliance.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['TBI', 'traumatic brain injury']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['AEDs', 'antiepileptic drugs']

answer: @entity131 :: (MESH:D001930,Disease) :: ['Traumatic Brain Injury']


abstract: An analysis of results of treatment of 323 @entity1 with @entity439 of the abdominal and thoraco-abdominal parts of the aorta was made for the period from 1995 through 2010. The @entity1 ' age was within the limits from 45 to 88 years and was 67.2 +/- 6.5 at an average. In 65 (24.5%) @entity1 the diagnosis of progressing type @entity66 and other main arteries was made. At the department of surgery of vessels of the Yaroslavl regional clinical hospital (YRCH) planned operations were performed on 102 (31.6%) @entity1 , by emergency indications--on 69 (21.3%), with the clinical picture of @entity397 on 25 (7.8%) @entity1 . In addition, 58 (17.9%) @entity1 were operated by emergency indications under conditions of the Central regional hospital (CRH). Dynamic follow-up was fulfilled in 69 (21.4%) cases. Results of the operative treatment in greater degree depended on the emergency of surgery and severity of the concomitant pathology. Common lethality after planned operations was 5.9%, emergent--20.3%, @entity1756 under conditions of CRH--91.4% of cases. Lethality in YRCH in emergent operations was considerably lower--52% of cases. Use of screening examinations in groups of risk beginning from 50 years of age and the population older than 60, active surgical strategy in small @entity439 , introduction of minimally traumatic operative approaches allow improvement of results of the treatment.

title: [Specific medical strategy for XXXX of the abdominal aorta].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysmatic disease of the aorta']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms', 'aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity1756 :: ('MESH:D017542', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm rupture']

answer: @entity439 :: (MESH:D000783,Disease) :: ['aneurysm']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Toxic @entity296 are rare and the most frequent cause are @entity4349 compounds. Early acute @entity137 can be reversible, but at present the only effective therapy for late end-stage anthracycline @entity296 seems to be a heart transplantation. Currently, this transplantation is contraindicated in cases of @entity5 , at least during the first 4 or 5 years. Recently, implantable axial pumps have shown good results and are used with increasing frequency as destination therapy. METHODS: We present a case of end-stage @entity712 due to a @entity137 after a bilateral @entity0 treated with resection and chemotherapy ( @entity632 and trastuzumab). Ejection fraction was 23% with @entity452 . A left ventricular axial pump (Incor) was implanted. RESULTS: The immediate postoperative course was uneventful. The left ventricular function improved and on the fourth month the ejection fraction was 55%. On postoperative day 135, the pump was explanted. After 1.5 years, the @entity1 is doing well, with an ejection fraction of 57%. CONCLUSION: This is the first application of an implantable axial pump in Spain. Although toxic @entity296 are rare, in cases of late end-stage @entity1002 and when the heart transplantation is contraindicated, the implantation of an axial pump can be the solution. The results in previous cases are unknown, although it is possible, as in our case.

title: Recovery of ventricular function with a left ventricular axial pump in a XXXX with end-stage toxic cardiomyopathy not a candidate for heart transplantation: first experience in Spain.

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['cardiomyopathies', 'cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxic cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity4349 :: ('CHEBI:48120', 'Chemical') :: ['anthracycline']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity452 :: ('MESH:D004280', 'Chemical') :: ['dobutamine']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular failure']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Essential @entity400 with resting @entity400 ( @entity35295 ) is a debated and poorly understood clinical phenotype. Converging evidences show that neurodegeneration of the cerebellum underlies the pathophysiology of @entity35295 , but it is not known if cerebellar changes also occurs in @entity1 with @entity35295 . The aim of our study was to evaluate cerebellar microstructure in @entity1 with @entity35295 with- ( @entity35295 ) and without resting @entity400 (ETwr) in comparison to @entity23 by MR Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI). METHODS: We studied 67 @entity1 with @entity35295 ( @entity35295 : 29 and ETwr: 38) and 39 age-matched @entity23 ( @entity23 ). DTI was performed to measure fractional anisotropy (FA) and @entity1893 ( @entity1893 ) of white and grey matter (WM, GM) in the entire cerebellum and in right and @entity76 . RESULTS: @entity1893 was significantly higher in the cerebellar GM of @entity35295 total group (10.39      0.87) in comparison with @entity23 (9.90      0.71) (p  =  0.0027). Interestingly, @entity1893 was significantly different when ETwr (10.48      0.77) were compared with @entity23 (p  =  0.0017), whereas a trend toward significance were found between @entity35295 (10.29      0.99) and @entity23 (p  =  0.067). No differences among groups were found in @entity1893 of cerebellar WM and in FA values neither in the WM nor in the GM. CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrate the presence of microstructural changes in the cerebellum of @entity1 with @entity35295 . It is noteworthy that @entity35295 showed intermediate values compared to @entity23 and ETwr, suggesting that @entity35295 shares part of the pathophysiological mechanisms of ETwr, but cerebellar involvement seems do not fully account for @entity35295 . In addition to the cerebellar loops, other networks may play a role in @entity35295 pathophysiology.

title: Cerebellar involvement in essential XXXX with and without resting @entity400 : A Diffusion Tensor Imaging study.

entities_list: @entity23 :: ('MESH:D007174', 'Disease') :: ['healthy controls', 'HC']

entities_list: @entity400 :: ('MESH:D014202', 'Disease') :: ['Tremor', 'tremor']

entities_list: @entity76 :: ('MESH:D002526', 'Disease') :: ['left cerebellar hemispheres']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ['MD', 'mean diffusivity']

answer: @entity400 :: (MESH:D014202,Disease) :: ['tremor']