abstract: AIM: Ferulic acid (4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid, FA) provides neuroprotection against apoptosis in a transient @entity2500 ( @entity2500 ) model. This study was to further investigate the anti-apoptotic effect of FA during reperfusion after @entity2806 . METHODS: @entity35 were subjected to 90 min of @entity2806 followed by 3 or 24 h of reperfusion after which they were sacrificed. RESULTS: Intravenous FA (100 mg/kg) administered immediately after @entity2500 ( @entity2500 ) or 2 h after reperfusion effectively abrogated the elevation of @entity12745 ( @entity12745 ), @entity5612 ( @entity5612 ), @entity1506 ( @entity1506 ), nitrotyrosine, and cleaved caspase-3 levels as well as apoptosis in the @entity63 cortex at 24 h of reperfusion. FA further inhibited @entity2310 translocation, cytochrome c release, and @entity12220 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase phosphorylation. Moreover, FA enhanced the expression of gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 1 (GABA(B1)) in the @entity63 cortex at 3 and 24 h of reperfusion. In addition, nitrotyrosine-positive cells colocalized with cleaved caspase-3-positive cells, and phospho- @entity12220 MAP kinase-positive cells colocalized with nitrotyrosine- and @entity2310 -positive cells, indicating a positive relationship among the expression of nitrotyrosine, phospho- @entity12220 MAP kinase, @entity2310 , and cleaved caspase-3. The mutually exclusive expression of GABA(B1) and nitrotyrosine revealed that there is a negative correlation between GABA(B1) and nitrotyrosine expression profiles. Additionally, pretreatment with saclofen, a GABA(B) receptor antagonist, abolished the neuroprotection of FA against nitric oxide (NO)-induced apoptosis. CONCLUSION: FA significantly enhances GABA(B1) receptor expression at early reperfusion and thereby provides neuroprotection against @entity12220 MAP kinase-mediated NO-induced apoptosis at 24 h of reperfusion.

title: Ferulic acid inhibits nitric oxide-induced apoptosis by enhancing GABA(B1) receptor expression in transient focal XXXX in @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral ischemia']

entities_list: @entity1506 :: ('24599(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['inducible nitric oxide synthase', 'iNOS']

entities_list: @entity2500 :: ('MESH:D020244', 'Disease') :: ['middle cerebral artery occlusion', 'MCAo']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity5612 :: ('24598(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['neuronal nitric oxide synthase', 'nNOS']

answer: @entity2806 :: (MESH:D002545,Disease) :: ['cerebral ischemia']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Identification of new therapeutic agents for @entity0 ( @entity0 ) requires preclinical models that reproduce the molecular characteristics of their respective clinical @entity5 . In this work, we analyzed the genomic and gene expression profiles of @entity1 @entity0 xenografts and the corresponding @entity1 @entity5 . METHODS: Eighteen @entity0 xenografts were obtained by grafting @entity5 fragments from @entity1 into Swiss @entity19 . Molecular characterization of @entity1 @entity5 and xenografts was performed by DNA copy number analysis and gene expression analysis using Affymetrix Microarrays. RESULTS: Comparison analysis showed that 14/18 pairs of @entity5 shared more than 56% of copy number alterations (CNA). Unsupervised hierarchical clustering analysis showed that 16/18 pairs segregated together, confirming the similarity between @entity5 pairs. Analysis of recurrent CNA changes between @entity1 @entity5 and xenografts showed losses in 176 chromosomal regions and gains in 202 chromosomal regions. Gene expression profile analysis showed that less than 5% of genes had recurrent variations between @entity1 @entity5 and their respective xenografts; these genes largely corresponded to @entity1 stromal compartment genes. Finally, analysis of different passages of the same @entity5 showed that sequential @entity19 -to- @entity19 @entity5 grafts did not affect genomic rearrangements or gene expression profiles, suggesting genetic stability of these models over time. CONCLUSIONS: This panel of @entity1 @entity0 xenografts maintains the overall genomic and gene expression profile of the corresponding @entity1 @entity5 and remains stable throughout sequential in vivo generations. The observed genomic profile and gene expression differences appear to be due to the loss of @entity1 stromal genes. These xenografts, therefore, represent a validated model for preclinical investigation of new therapeutic agents.

title: Molecular profiling of @entity1 -derived XXXX xenografts.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mouse', 'nude mice']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer', 'BC']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: Intracellular recordings were made from 52 lateral horn neurones in thin slices of neonatal @entity35 thoracolumbar spinal cord. Of these neurones 12 were spontaneously active and the remainder silent. A number of these cells could be activated antidromically by stimulation of ventral roots. The conduction velocity of the antidromic potential was estimated to be 0.9-2 m/s which is within the range reported for axons of sympathetic preganglionic neurones (SPNs). The membrane properties of antidromically identified SPNs were similar to other lateral horn neurones included in this study and comparable to those reported for SPNs by others. Spontaneous burst firing was recorded in 3 neurones and activity in a further 5 neurones was characterized by the discharge of an action potential followed by an @entity841 ( @entity841 ) of peak amplitude 3-13 mV and duration 0.5-4 s. The @entity841 had an initial fast component (fAHP) which was sensitive to the @entity972 channel blocker @entity5128 ( @entity1041 ), and a second slower component (sAHP) which was both sensitive to extracellular @entity460 and @entity1041 . The effects of the selective excitatory @entity535 receptor agonists @entity1024 ( @entity143 ), @entity4176 and @entity14425 were investigated by superfusion of the agonists, at known concentrations (100 nM to 100 microM). These agonists induced concentration-dependent depolarizations which were primarily associated with a reduction in neuronal input resistance. @entity143 -induced depolarizations were potentiated in the absence of @entity1760 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Sympathetic preganglionic neurones in neonatal @entity35 spinal cord in vitro: electrophysiological characteristics and the effects of selective excitatory XXXX receptor agonists.

entities_list: @entity1024 :: ('CHEBI:31882', 'Chemical') :: ['N-methyl-D-aspartate']

entities_list: @entity14425 :: ('MESH:D016318', 'Chemical') :: ['quisqualate']

entities_list: @entity5128 :: ('MESH:D019789', 'Chemical') :: ['tetraethylammonium']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity841 :: ('MESH:C537245', 'Disease') :: ['afterhyperpolarization potential', 'AHP']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

entities_list: @entity1760 :: ('MESH:D008274', 'Chemical') :: ['magnesium']

answer: @entity535 :: (CHEBI:33704,Chemical) :: ['amino acid']


abstract: In a previous study we found in 50% of @entity1 with neuropsychiatric manifestations of @entity1252 (NP- @entity1252 ) organ specific antibodies to 45-56 kD proteins in a 100,000 g supernatant (SN) from @entity291 brain mitochondria. Aim of the present study was to identify the corresponding target antigen. A 100,000 g SN from @entity291 brain mitochondria was applied to @entity214 -gel electrophoresis. A 50 kD band recognized by sera from @entity1 with NP- @entity1252 in the Western blot (WB) was excised from the gels and applied to mass spectrometry. The identified protein was expressed in @entity526 and retested against sera from eleven @entity1 with NP- @entity1252 (severe symptoms n=6, mild symptoms n=5), 26 @entity1252 - @entity1 without NP manifestations and 53 controls ( @entity1 with @entity15 , @entity302 , healthy blood donors). Mass spectrometry of the 50 kD band revealed the presence of a-tubulin. Applying the recombinant a-tubulin in the WB, four of the eleven NP- @entity1252 @entity1 (36%), one of the 26 @entity1 with @entity1252 without NP manifestations (4%) and none of the 53 controls reacted with a-tubulin. The antibodies were more frequently found in @entity1 with severe (50%) than with mild NP- @entity1252 (20%). a-tubulin may be a novel marker autoantigen for a neuropsychiatric manifestation at least in a subgroup of @entity1 with @entity1252 . Whether anti-a-tubulin antibodies are of pathogenetic relevance has still to be clarified.

title: Identification of a-tubulin as an autoantigen recognized by sera from XXXX with neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

entities_list: @entity1252 :: ('MESH:D008180', 'Disease') :: ['SLE', 'systemic lupus erythematosus']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['multiple sclerosis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Few studies have extensively examined the prevalence of hair care practices and their association with scalp and hair conditions in African American @entity1 . OBJECTIVES: We sought to determine the prevalence of hair care practices and their association with @entity1665 , @entity19857 ( @entity19857 ), and @entity3100 ( @entity3100 ). METHODS: A questionnaire was administered to caregivers of African American @entity1 aged 1 to 15 years. Multivariate analyses were performed to determine the association of hair care practices with @entity74 . RESULTS: A total of 201 surveys were completed from dermatology (n  = 98) and nondermatology (n  = 103) clinics. Mean @entity1 age was 9.8     4.4 years. Essentially all respondents reported use of hair oils/grease (99%). Ponytails, braids, and cornrows were worn by 81%, 67%, and 49% of @entity1 , respectively, within the past 12 months. In all, 61% reported hair washing every 2 weeks; 80% used hot combs; and 42% used chemical relaxers. Cornrows were significantly related to @entity1665 among respondents from nondermatology clinics only: adjusted odds ratio  = 5.79 (95% CI 1.35-24.8, P  = .018). Hair extensions and infrequent hair oil use were significantly related to @entity19857 : adjusted odds ratio  = 2.37 (95% CI 1.03-5.47, P  = .04) and 3.69 (95% CI 1.07-12.7, P  = .039), respectively. No significant associations were observed for @entity3100 . LIMITATIONS: Small sample size and disorders reported by caregivers were limitations. CONCLUSIONS: Certain hair care practices were strongly associated with development of @entity1665 and @entity19857 . No association was found between hair washing frequency and @entity19857 or @entity3100 , or between hair grease use and @entity3100 . These results can be used to inform practitioners, advise parents, and adapt treatment regimens to accommodate cultural preferences.

title: Hair care practices and their association with scalp and hair disorders in African American XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'girls']

entities_list: @entity19857 :: ('MESH:D012628', 'Disease') :: ['seborrheic dermatitis', 'SD']

entities_list: @entity1665 :: ('MESH:D000505', 'Disease') :: ['traction alopecia']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['reported disorders']

entities_list: @entity3100 :: ('MESH:D014006', 'Disease') :: ['tinea capitis', 'TC']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['girls']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We recently identified a six-gene methylation-based biomarker panel suitable for early detection of @entity14 ( @entity14 ). In this study, we compared the performance of this novel epi-panel with that of previously identified DNA methylation markers in the same clinical tissue sample sets. METHODS: Quantitative methylation-specific PCR was used to analyze the promoter region of @entity29410 and @entity2277 in a total of 485 tissue samples, divided into test and validation sets. @entity5690 , @entity12715 , @entity18037 , and @entity29411 were also included in the analyses. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to compare the performances of the individual biomarkers with that of the novel epi-panel. RESULTS: @entity29410 and @entity2277 were methylated in 82 and 67% of CRCs (n=169) and in 88 and 54% of the @entity652 (n=104). Only 3% of the normal mucosa samples (n=107) were methylated for these genes, confirming that the methylation was highly cancer-specific. Areas under the ROC curve (AUC), distinguishing CRCs from normal mucosa, were 0.94 for @entity29410 and 0.81 for @entity2277 . AUC values for separating @entity652 from normal mucosa samples were 0.96 and 0.81 for the same genes. In comparison, the novel epi-panel achieved an AUC of 0.98 ( @entity14 ) and 0.97 ( @entity652 ). @entity5690 , @entity18037 , @entity12715 , and @entity29411 were methylated in 90, 78, 7, and 1% of the CRCs, and in 76, 77, 3, and 0% of the @entity652 . Between 0 and 2% of the normal mucosa samples were methylated for the same genes. @entity5690 and @entity18037 achieved an AUC of 0.96 and 0.92 ( @entity14 vs. normal mucosa), and 0.93 and 0.92 ( @entity652 vs. normal mucosa). CONCLUSIONS: We have confirmed the high performance of some of the previously identified DNA methylation markers. Furthermore, we showed that a recently reported epi-panel performed better than the individual DNA methylation biomarkers when analyzed in the same tissue samples. This observation was also true for @entity2277 and @entity29410 , which are included in commercially available noninvasive tests for @entity14 . These results further underscore the value of combining a manageable number of individual markers into a panel, which in addition to having a higher sensitivity and specificity might provide a more profound robustness to a noninvasive test compared with single markers.

title: A tissue-based comparative effectiveness analysis of biomarkers for early detection of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['CRC', 'colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['adenomas']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal tumors']


abstract: The @entity1961 (+) T lymphocyte has recently been found to promote @entity2652 ( @entity2652 ) survival after @entity128 . Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (STAT)4 and @entity9094 are key proteins involved in the @entity1961 (+) T cell differentiation pathways leading to T helper type (Th)1 and @entity61 cell development, respectively. To determine which @entity1961 (+) T cell subset mediates @entity2652 survival, the @entity2103 was applied to @entity17843 -deficient (-/-) and @entity9094 -/- @entity19 . A significant decrease in @entity2652 survival 4 weeks after axotomy was observed in @entity9094 -/- @entity19 compared to @entity164 ( @entity164 ) or @entity17843 -/- @entity19 . Reconstituting @entity9094 -/- @entity19 with @entity1961 (+) T cells obtained from @entity164 @entity19 promoted @entity164 levels of @entity2652 survival after injury. Furthermore, rescue of @entity2652 from axotomy-induced cell death in recombination activating gene (RAG)-2-/- @entity19 (lacking T and B cells) could be achieved only by reconstitution with @entity1961 (+) T cells expressing functional @entity9094 protein. To determine if either the @entity630 cytokine, @entity60 ( @entity60 ) or the @entity61 cytokine @entity58 is involved in mediating @entity2652 survival, facial nerve axotomy was applied to @entity60 -/- and @entity58 -/- @entity19 . A significant decrease in @entity2652 survival after axotomy occurred in @entity58 -/- but not in @entity60 -/- @entity19 compared to @entity164 @entity19 , indicating that @entity58 but not @entity60 is important for @entity2652 survival after @entity128 . In @entity164 @entity19 , intracellular @entity60 vs. @entity58 expression was examined in @entity1961 (+) T cells from draining cervical lymph nodes 14 days after axotomy, and substantial increase in the production of both @entity1961 (+) effector T cell subsets was found. Collectively, these data suggest that @entity9094 -mediated @entity1961 (+) T cell differentiation into the @entity61 subset is necessary for @entity2652 survival. A hypothesis relevant to motoneuron disease progression is presented.

title: Immune-mediated neuroprotection of axotomized @entity19 facial motoneurons is dependent on the @entity58 / @entity9094 signaling pathway in XXXX (+) T cells.

entities_list: @entity2652 :: ('MESH:D005148', 'Disease') :: ['FMN', 'facial motoneuron']

entities_list: @entity60 :: ('15978(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['interferon-gamma', 'IFN-gamma']

entities_list: @entity128 :: ('MESH:D020209', 'Disease') :: ['nerve injury']

entities_list: @entity2103 :: ('MESH:D005155', 'Disease') :: ['facial nerve axotomy paradigm']

answer: @entity1961 :: (12504(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['CD4']


abstract: @entity565 is the most common and potentially serious medical problem encountered in pregnancy. The prevalence of @entity565 during pregnancy is generally quoted as being between 1% and 4% which is much lower than general population estimates. The aim of this analysis was to estimate the prevalence of @entity565 and smoking during pregnancy; and to describe the relationship between the two. A cross-sectional random sample survey of recently delivered Western Australian mothers was carried out in 1995 and 82% of mothers responded. In total 21.3% of @entity1 reported ever having @entity565 at some stage in their life and 12.4% currently had @entity565 . These results are consistent with general population estimates. Overall 22.7% of @entity1 smoked at some stage in pregnancy, which is consistent with the limited comparison data available. Current @entity748 were more likely to smoke during pregnancy than non- @entity748 , although this difference was not statistically significant. Continued vigorous efforts are required to discourage all @entity1 and @entity1 from taking up smoking and to encourage those who smoke to quit. This is particularly pertinent for @entity748 @entity1 who are pregnant or planning a pregnancy.

title: The relationship between XXXX and smoking during pregnancy.

entities_list: @entity565 :: ('MESH:D001249', 'Disease') :: ['asthma', 'Asthma']

entities_list: @entity748 :: ('MESH:D013224', 'Disease') :: ['asthmatic', 'asthmatics']

answer: @entity565 :: (MESH:D001249,Disease) :: ['asthma']


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: @entity1595 is a @entity281 caused by the actinomycete @entity1599 . We conducted a randomized controlled trial of the efficacy of antimicrobials that are able to cross the blood-brain barrier and to which @entity1599 is susceptible. METHODS: @entity1 from central Europe with previously untreated @entity1595 (n = 40) were assigned randomly to groups given daily infusions of either @entity2756 (1 x 2 g, 20 @entity1 ) or @entity2889 (3 x 1 g, 20 @entity1 ) for 14 days, followed by oral @entity206 - @entity207 for 12 months. The primary outcome measured was maintenance of remission for 3 years, determined by a composite index of clinical and laboratory data as well as histology. RESULTS: All @entity1 were observed for the entire follow-up period (median, 89 mo; range, 71-128 mo); all achieved clinical and laboratory remission. Remission was maintained in all @entity1 during the time of observation, except for 2 who died from unrelated causes. A single @entity1 with asymptomatic @entity281 who was resistant to both treatments responded to @entity503 and @entity1214 . The odds ratio for the end point (remission for at least 3 years) was 0.95 (95% confidence interval, 0.05-16.29; P = 1.0). CONCLUSIONS: This was a randomized controlled trial to show that treatment with @entity2756 or @entity2889 , followed by @entity799 , cures @entity1 with @entity1595 . One asymptomatic individual with infection of the cerebrospinal fluid required additional therapy.

title: Efficacy of XXXX or @entity2889 as initial therapies in @entity1595 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2756 :: ('MESH:D002443', 'Chemical') :: ['ceftriaxone']

entities_list: @entity1214 :: ('MESH:D008911', 'Chemical') :: ['minocycline']

entities_list: @entity799 :: ('MESH:D015662', 'Chemical') :: ['trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole']

entities_list: @entity2889 :: ('MESH:C059500', 'Chemical') :: ['meropenem']

entities_list: @entity1595 :: ('MESH:D008061', 'Disease') :: ["Whipple's disease"]

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['chronic infection', 'cerebrospinal infection']

entities_list: @entity1599 :: ('2039', 'Species') :: ['Tropheryma whipplei', 'T whipplei']

entities_list: @entity207 :: ('MESH:D013420', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfamethoxazole']

entities_list: @entity503 :: ('MESH:D002738', 'Chemical') :: ['chloroquine']

entities_list: @entity206 :: ('MESH:D014295', 'Chemical') :: ['trimethoprim']

answer: @entity2756 :: (MESH:D002443,Chemical) :: ['ceftriaxone']


abstract: We reviewed the course of 240 @entity1 with uncomplicated essential @entity101 whose condition has been initially evaluated between january 1976 and february 1979 with both exercise (bicycle) and casual BP. Their outcome was evaluated in the first months of 1988. Thirty-eight @entity1 were lost to follow up. The remaining 202 @entity1 (67 p. 100 males, mean age at entry 43 +/- 13 years, mean casual BP at entry 161 +/- 25/98 +/- 15) had a mean follow-up of 9.5 +/- 2 years. Events retained for the analysis were @entity583 (n = 12), @entity951 with positive coronarography (n = 8), @entity64 (n = 8), @entity712 (n = 2) and @entity944 (n = 3). We performed a stepwise discriminant analysis first with only casual and end exercise systolic and diastolic BP, then after introducing age, overweight (Lorentz's formula), duration of @entity101 , Sokoloff index and cholesterolemia. RESULTS: the analysis with only BP shown that end exercise BP was the best predictor of outcome with 64 p. 100 of the subjects correctly classified (CC). After introducing the other risk factors, the significantly discriminant variables were 1) overweight (65 p. 100 CC) 2) age, 3) end exercise systolic BP, 4) cholesterolemia. These 4 variables adequately classified 70 p. 100 of the subjects. Another analysis was performed in @entity1 with maximal exercise test and gave the following results: 1) overweight, 2) cholesterolemia, 3) end exercise systolic BP with 77 p. 100 @entity1 CC. In @entity1 , the pronostic value of exercise BP seems less important than in @entity1 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Prognostic value of arterial pressure during exertion in XXXX subjects].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac failure']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity944 :: ('MESH:D003645', 'Disease') :: ['sudden death']

entities_list: @entity951 :: ('MESH:D000787', 'Disease') :: ['angina pectoris']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertensive']


abstract: Studies in animals have shown that NSAID/ASA-induced @entity2681 have an ischaemic pathogenesis. We therefore studied the question of whether such @entity2681 in @entity1 gastric biopsy material can be identified on the basis of the @entity39 . Histological sections prepared from forceps biopsy material obtained from 122 @entity1 with @entity2681 (at least three biopsy specimens from the erosion and two from antrum and corpus each) were classified by a pathologist blinded to the endoscopic findings and the medication used by the @entity1 . NSAID/ASA @entity2681 were diagnosed when a homogeneous @entity39 blending into the adjoining lamina propria presented. @entity1534 (Hp)-induced @entity2681 were diagnosed when, in the presence of @entity13639 , @entity154 were covered with a non-homogeneous @entity39 containing granulocytes and cell debris. Finally, the histological classification was compared with data on medication usage. The histological diagnosis was Hp-induced @entity2681 in 59 @entity1 , NSAID/ASA-induced @entity2681 with no @entity13639 in 23, and NSAID/ASA-induced @entity2681 with concomitant @entity13639 in 40. A comparison of this histological classification with the data provided by the referring physicians on @entity1 medication revealed that 70% of the @entity1 with histological diagnosis of NSAID/ASA-induced @entity2681 in the absence of @entity13639 , and 65% of those diagnosed to have NSAID/ASA-induced @entity2681 and concomitant @entity13639 , had been taking such drugs. Among the @entity2681 diagnosed as @entity1534 -induced, 81% of the @entity1 were reported not to take such medication. The sensitivity of the diagnosis of NSAID/ASA-induced @entity2681 was 72.9%, and specificity 79.6%. The results of the present study show that a high percentage of the NSAID/ASA-induced @entity356 can indeed be correctly diagnosed at histology.

title: Can NSAID/ASA-induced XXXX be identified at histology?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['erosive defects']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['ischaemic necrosis', 'eosinophilic ischaemic necrosis', 'fibrinoid necrosis']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['erosions of the gastric mucosa']

entities_list: @entity1534 :: ('210', 'Species') :: ['H. pylori', 'Helicobacter pylori']

entities_list: @entity13639 :: ('MESH:D016481', 'Disease') :: ['Hp gastritis']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['erosions of the gastric mucosa']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The self-report version of the @entity4697 Severity Scale (PDSS-SR) has been developed recently and has demonstrated good psychometric properties. However, there is no cross-cultural evaluation of this scale. The purpose of this study was to confirm the reliability and validity of the PDSS-SR in Korean subjects. METHODS: We studied 148 @entity1 with principal DSM-IV diagnoses of @entity4697 who underwent formal structured diagnostic assessment and the PDSS interview. The @entity1 completed self-report measures including the PDSS-SR, @entity148 Sensitivity Index-Revised, Albany @entity4697 and Phobia Questionnaire, Beck @entity308 Inventory, Beck @entity148 Inventory, and Spielberger State-Trait @entity148 Inventory-Trait Version. RESULTS: The PDSS-SR had a single-factor structure, with all seven items having salient loadings. Cronbach's alpha for the PDSS-SR was .88 and intraclass correlation coefficient was .71 between PDSS-SR and PDSS. Also, the scale showed excellent 1-day test-retest reliability and demonstrated significant correlation with other @entity148 . In addition, the PDSS-SR was sensitive to change with pharmacological treatment. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study strongly support the reliability and validity of the PDSS-SR. It is expected that this scale will be helpful in clinical settings and research protocols in Korea.

title: Reliability and validity of the self-report version of the XXXX Severity Scale in Korea.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['anxiety-related measures', 'Anxiety']

entities_list: @entity4697 :: ('MESH:D016584', 'Disease') :: ['Panic', 'Panic Disorder', 'panic disorder']

answer: @entity4697 :: (MESH:D016584,Disease) :: ['Panic Disorder']


abstract: The @entity31598 (ZIKV), first discovered in 1947, has emerged as a global public health threat over the last decade, with the accelerated geographic spread of the virus noted during the last 5 years. The World Health Organization (WHO) predicts that millions of cases of ZIKV are likely to occur in the Americas during the next 12 months. These projections, in conjunction with suspected Zika-associated increase in newborn @entity4242 cases, prompted WHO to declare public health emergency of international concern. ZIKV-associated illness is characterized by an incubation period of 3-12 days. Most @entity1 remain asymptomatic (i.e., ~80%) after contracting the virus. When symptomatic, clinical presentation is usually mild and consists of a self-limiting @entity221 that lasts approximately 2-7 days. Among common clinical manifestations are @entity221 , @entity4841 , @entity2024 , @entity925 , @entity10 , and @entity1910 . Hospitalization and complication rates are low, with fatalities being extremely rare. Newborn @entity4242 , the most devastating and insidious complication associated with the ZIKV, has been described in the offspring of @entity1 who became infected while pregnant. Much remains to be elucidated about the timing of @entity778 in the context of the temporal progression of pregnancy, the corresponding in utero fetal development stage(s), and the risk of @entity4242 . Without further knowledge of the pathophysiology involved, the true risk of ZIKV to the unborn remains difficult to quantify and remediate. Accurate, portable, and inexpensive point-of-care testing is required to better identify cases and manage the current and future outbreaks of ZIKV, including optimization of preventive approaches and the identification of more effective risk reduction strategies. In addition, much more work needs to be done to produce an effective vaccine. Given the rapid geographic spread of ZIKV in recent years, a coordinated local, regional, and global effort is needed to generate sufficient resources and political traction to effectively halt and contain further expansion of the current outbreak.

title: The Emergence of XXXX as a Global Health Security Threat: A Review and a Consensus Statement of the INDUSEM Joint working Group (JWG).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity778 :: ('MESH:D015658', 'Disease') :: ['ZIKV infection']

entities_list: @entity1910 :: ('MESH:D005076', 'Disease') :: ['maculopapular rash']

entities_list: @entity2024 :: ('MESH:D003231', 'Disease') :: ['conjunctivitis']

entities_list: @entity4242 :: ('MESH:D008831', 'Disease') :: ['microcephaly']

entities_list: @entity4841 :: ('MESH:D018771', 'Disease') :: ['arthralgia']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['febrile illness', 'fever']

answer: @entity31598 :: (64320,Species) :: ['Zika Virus']


abstract: Strict control of blood pressure is important to prevent @entity65 , although it is sometimes difficult to decrease blood pressure to target levels. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical characteristics of resistant @entity101 evaluated by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. One hundred in-hospital @entity1 , whose 24-hour average blood pressure was higher than 130/80 mmHg even after treatment with more than three antihypertensive drugs, were included in the present analysis. Circadian variation of blood pressure was evaluated by nocturnal fall in systolic blood pressure. Average blood pressures of all @entity1 were high in both daytime and nighttime, 150.0/82.9 and 143.8/78.2 mmHg, respectively. Twenty @entity1 had been treated with hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis. In 63 @entity1 out of the other 80 @entity1 (79%), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was also decreased (<60 mL/min/1.73 m  ). The @entity1 classified into dipper, non-dipper, riser and extreme-dipper were 20%, 43%, 34% and 3%, respectively. In addition, in 17 @entity1 whose eGFR was preserved, 12 @entity1 showed a non-dipper or riser pattern, suggesting that it was difficult to account for this altered circadian blood pressure variation only by @entity8 . These results show that a large number of the @entity1 with resistant @entity101 suffered from @entity8 , although it was difficult to explain altered circadian blood pressure variation based on @entity8 alone.

title: Clinical characteristics of resistant XXXX evaluated by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertension']


abstract: Idiopathic @entity1960 are diseases of remissions and exacerbations of various severity. The criteria of activity are based on a conjunction of clinical, radiologic, endoscopic and anatomopathological data. From the macroscopical point of view, they are different in @entity31 and @entity30 . @entity31 is characterized by a diffuse and uniform @entity32 ; any biopsy outside an ulcerative area can be used to evaluate the inflammatory components which are in the acute phase (chronic active phase): @entity4 , @entity455 and an inflammatory infiltrate composed of a mixture of lymphocytes, plasma cells and polymorphs with partial destruction of the glands (crypt abscesses). In the revolving phase, the @entity32 regresses; the crypts are distorted, the crypt abscesses gradually disappear. In @entity31 in remission, the @entity32 vanishes but there is loss of parallelism and branching of the crypts. In @entity30 , the @entity32 is often discontinuous and focal; biopsies must be taken from multiple sites. It is not rare to see a coincidence of lesions at different stages of activity. The criteria of activity are less reliable than in @entity31 . @entity697 present with @entity4 and infiltration of the lamina propria by polymorphs, neutrophils as well as eosinophils. @entity738 probably represent a particular reactional status. There features and number do not very significatively in the course of the disease.

title: [Anatomopathological criteria of progression in chronic XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation', 'mucosal inflammation']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular congestion']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['Acute lesions']

entities_list: @entity738 :: ('MESH:D006099', 'Disease') :: ['Granulomas']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['oedema']

entities_list: @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative colitis', 'Ulcerative colitis']

entities_list: @entity1960 :: ('MESH:D003092', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory colitis']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ["Crohn's disease"]

answer: @entity1960 :: (MESH:D003092,Disease) :: ['idiopathic colitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Autonomic disorders of the cardiovascular system, such as @entity551 and elevated resting heart rate, predict mortality and cardiovascular events in the population. @entity174 constitute a substantial clinical problem that may represent an additional risk related to such @entity5433 . AIMS: To test the association between @entity551 , resting heart rate and incidence of @entity174 in the general population. METHODS AND RESULTS: Using multivariable-adjusted @entity797 regression models we investigated the association between orthostatic blood pressure response, resting heart rate and first incident low-energy- @entity174 in a population-based, middle-aged cohort of 33 000 individuals over 25 years follow-up. The median follow-up time from baseline to first incident @entity174 among the subjects that experienced a low energy @entity174 was 15.0 years. A 10 mmHg orthostatic decrease in systolic blood pressure at baseline was associated with 5% increased risk of @entity174 (95% confidence interval 1.01-1.10) during follow-up, whereas the resting heart rate predicted @entity174 with an effect size of 8% increased risk per 10 beats-per-minute (1.05-1.12), independently of the orthostatic response. Subjects with a resting heart rate exceeding 68 beats-per-minute had 18% (1.10-1.26) increased risk of @entity174 during follow-up compared with subjects with a resting heart rate below 68 beats-per-minute. When combining the orthostatic response and resting heart rate, there was a 30% risk increase (1.08-1.57) of @entity174 between the extremes, i.e. between subjects in the fourth compared with the first quartiles of both resting heart rate and systolic blood pressure-decrease. CONCLUSION: Orthostatic blood pressure decline and elevated resting heart rate independently predict low-energy @entity174 in a middle-aged population. These two measures of subclinical @entity65 may herald increased risks many years in advance, even if symptoms may not be detectable. Although the effect sizes are moderate, the easily accessible clinical parameters of orthostatic blood pressure response and resting heart rate deserve consideration as new risk predictors to yield more accurate decisions on primary prevention of low-energy @entity174 .

title: XXXX and Elevated Resting Heart Rate Predict Low-Energy Fractures in the Population: The Malm   Preventive Project.

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'Low-energy-fractures', 'low-energy-fractures', 'fracture']

entities_list: @entity5433 :: ('MESH:C563939', 'Disease') :: ['autonomic dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['orthostatic hypotension']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular dysautonomia']

answer: @entity551 :: (MESH:D007022,Disease) :: ['Orthostatic Hypotension']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the mechanism of action of short-term administration of @entity16495 and @entity19526 as topical ocular @entity551 agents. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Two randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled studies of 19 normal @entity1 subjects were carried out. The first study compared @entity16495 with @entity19526 in @entity6839 -treated eyes, and the second study compared latanoprost with placebo in @entity6839 -treated eyes. The rate of aqueous flow and intraocular pressure were measured in both studies. The topical drug combinations were instilled the night before and repeated the morning before the measurements. Aqueous humor flow was measured by the rate of disappearance of topically applied @entity941 . Intraocular pressure was measured by pneumatonometry every 2 hours from 8:15 AM to 4:15 PM. RESULTS: Both @entity16495 and @entity19526 further reduced aqueous flow in @entity6839 -treated eyes from 1.23 +/- 0.21 microL/min to 0.96 +/- 0.16 microL/min and 0.98 +/- 0.17 microL/min, respectively. Consistent reductions were observed in intraocular pressure, with average reductions of 19% with @entity16495 and 17% with @entity19526 . Latanoprost had no effect on aqueous flow in @entity6839 -treated eyes (P = .15), but showed an average reduction in intraocular pressure of 13%. CONCLUSIONS: @entity16495 and @entity19526 are similar in their effects on the aqueous system. Both reduce intraocular pressure in the @entity6839 -treated eye, primarily, if not exclusively, by further suppressing aqueous flow. In contrast, latanoprost reduces intraocular pressure in the @entity6839 -treated eye without affecting aqueous flow.

title: Comparison of the early effects of @entity16495 and @entity19526 as topical ocular XXXX agents.

entities_list: @entity19526 :: ('MESH:C016986', 'Chemical') :: ['apraclonidine', 'apraclonidine hydrochloride']

entities_list: @entity6839 :: ('MESH:D013999', 'Chemical') :: ['timolol maleate', 'timolol']

entities_list: @entity16495 :: ('MESH:C015620', 'Chemical') :: ['Brimonidine', 'brimonidine tartrate', 'brimonidine']

entities_list: @entity941 :: ('MESH:D019793', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorescein']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotensive']

answer: @entity551 :: (MESH:D007022,Disease) :: ['hypotensive']


abstract: @entity13168 DNA was partially digested with Sau3A or HindIII, ligated with the cosmid vector pHC79, packaged in vitro, and transduced into @entity526 HB101. Cosmid cloning of Sau3A-digested rickettsial DNA yielded 1,288 @entity869 -resistant colonies; 798 cosmid clones resulted with HindIII-digested rickettsial DNA. Chimeric cosmid DNA was extracted from the latter gene bank, digested to completion with HindIII, and compared by agarose gel electrophoresis with a HindIII digest of rickettsial genomic DNA. The two digestion profiles were quite similar in their overall banding patterns, indicating that the clone bank was significantly representative of the rickettsial genome. When both clone banks were screened for expression of rickettsial antigens by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with goat anti-R. prowazekii serum, ca. 20% of the clones reacted positively. Two clones were randomly selected for more detailed analysis. Each contained a large chimeric plasmid (40.2 and 38.1 kilobases) which apparently yielded smaller deletion derivatives (13.6 and 12.6 kilobases) when transformed into an @entity526 minicell strain. Each recombinant plasmid directed the synthesis of new protein species not observed in control minicells. One of the clones produced a 51,000-dalton protein in minicells, which comigrated with a protein reactive with anti-R. prowazekii serum. This protein was not present in negative controls. When antibodies to this protein were incubated with a Western blot of rickettsial total protein, they bound to a 52,000-dalton polypeptide. Hence, the cloned rickettsial gene product in @entity526 corresponds to a protein of similar size in @entity13168 . This study demonstrates the feasibility of cosmid cloning of rickettsial antigens in @entity526 .

title: Cosmid cloning of XXXX prowazekii antigens in Escherichia coli K-12.

entities_list: @entity13168 :: ('782', 'Species') :: ['Rickettsia prowazekii', 'R. prowazekii']

entities_list: @entity869 :: ('MESH:D000667', 'Chemical') :: ['ampicillin']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli', 'E. coli']

answer: @entity13168 :: (782,Species) :: ['Rickettsia']


abstract: @entity2816 is a potent anti- @entity1582 drug which can produce up to a 30-50% overall response rate (ORR) in pre-treated, chemorefractory multiple @entity1582 . Most authors agree with using 200 mg/daily with associated high dose @entity619 (40 mg/daily x 4 days, 3 times monthly) considering lower doses investigational. We report our experience using @entity2816 100 mg/daily plus @entity619 40 mg/daily once a month, in 27 pre-treated @entity1 . @entity2816 dose excalation and/or association with other drugs were established on the basis of the @entity1 's response. Median age was 69 years (range 50-83 years) and 16 male and 11 female @entity1 were treated. All @entity1 had received more than 1 treatment line (range 1-5). @entity2816 was increased up to 300 mg/daily in 10 @entity1 and 1 @entity1 received up to 400 mg/daily. Two @entity1 were not evaluable because of @entity204 , 1 did not tolerate @entity2816 because of pulmonary and neurological side-effects. Sixteen @entity1 responded to this treatment, with an ORR of 66%. The combination of low-dose @entity2816 plus monthly high-dose @entity619 in chemorefractory @entity1582 showed interesting palliative results. According to our data, increasing @entity2816 dosage and/or adding further drugs does not generally produce significant improvement.

title: @entity2816 plus monthly high-dose @entity619 in chemorefractory XXXX . Results of a phase II clinical study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2816 :: ('MESH:D013792', 'Chemical') :: ['Thalidomide', 'thalidomide']

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['dexamethasone']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['early death']

answer: @entity1582 :: (MESH:D009101,Disease) :: ['myeloma']


abstract: Recently, few studies regarding the changes in BMI with age have been reported. In the present study, the wavelet interpolation method (WIM) was applied to the changes in BMI with age from the first grade of elementary school until the second year of high school in Korean @entity1 , and the relationship between age at the maximum peak velocity ( @entity6688 ) of BMI and age at menarche was confirmed by determining the age at @entity6688 of BMI. Age at menarche and activity status were obtained from questionnaires given to 263 second grade high school @entity1 in the Pusan area of South Korea. Moreover, longitudinal growth data on height and weight from the first grade of elementary school until the second year of high school (from 1997 to 2008) were obtained from health examination records. BMI was calculated from height and weight values from the first grade of elementary school until the second year of high school, and wavelet interpolation was applied to the distances of BMI in each grade. The change curve of BMI with age was determined by wavelet interpolation, and the age at @entity6688 of BMI was determined from the changes in the velocity curve with age as the differentiation curve. Age at @entity6688 of BMI was found to be 12.76 +/- 1.6 years, and age at menarche to be 12.34 +/- 1.1 years. The interval in age at the two times was -0.42 +/- 1.6 years, and a significant difference was seen between age at menarche and age at @entity6688 of BMI. The reason that the age at menarche was a little earlier than the age at @entity6688 of BMI is hypothesized to be abnormal @entity2493 levels influenced by lack of sleep in Korean school @entity1 . However, it is proposed that the age at @entity6688 of BMI is valid as the critical period for the age at menarche.

title: Critical period for menarche derived by the wavelet interpolation method from changes in BMI with age in South Korean XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2493 :: ('MESH:D008550', 'Chemical') :: ['melatonin']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['girls']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To investigate the efficacy and @entity137 of single-agent @entity3866 in chemotherapy-naive castration-resistant @entity263 . METHODS: Eligible @entity1 received @entity3866 at 150 mg daily until disease progression. @entity137 was assessed every 2 weeks and responses every 8 weeks. Primary end point was assessing the overall clinical benefit measured as the sum of stable disease, partial response, and complete response. Secondary end points included time to disease progression, overall survival, and @entity137 using the National @entity5 Institute Common @entity137 Criteria version 3.0. RESULTS: A total of 29 @entity1 were enrolled in this study. Median age was 77 and median prostate-specific antigen was 66.3 ng/mL. Of 22 evaluable @entity1 , 2 met the criteria for partial response and 5 demonstrated stable disease for an overall clinical benefit of 31%. PSA-doubling time improved in all responding @entity1 to a median of 6 months from 3 months before entry into the study. One @entity1 remained in study at 28 months, and 2 had > 50% decrease in their serum PSA level. Median time to disease progression was 2 months, but at 12 months, 9% of @entity1 were progression-free. Median overall survival was 16.3 months, with 1- and 2-year survival rates of 58% and 27%, respectively. @entity3866 was well tolerated, with only 2 @entity1 requiring dose reductions. Adverse events were as expected with grade 3 or 4 @entity294 , @entity1295 , and @entity1910 occurring in 10%, 6%, and 6% of @entity1 , respectively. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3866 has moderate activity in chemotherapy-naive castration-resistant @entity263 , with some @entity1 showing biochemical response. Future studies investigating this agent in combination are warranted. (This trial was registered at http://NCI.gov, NCT00272038).

title: @entity3866 has moderate single-agent activity in chemotherapy-na  ve castration-resistant XXXX : final results of a phase II trial.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'Toxicity']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cancer']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity3866 :: ('MESH:C400278', 'Chemical') :: ['erlotinib', 'Erlotinib']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate cancer']


abstract: Recent efforts to improve the response rates in advanced @entity43 with the use of high-dose @entity900 have been limited by unacceptable @entity137 . Based on experimental and clinical studies indicating that @entity2041 ( @entity2197 ) is a protective agent against @entity900 -induced @entity137 , a new high-dose regimen including @entity2197 as a chemoprotector was designed in an attempt to improve the efficacy and therapeutic index of @entity900 . A total of 40 consecutive @entity1 with stage III (bulky) and IV @entity43 were treated with @entity900 (40 mg/m2 daily for 4 consecutive days) and @entity786 (600 mg/m2 i.v. on day 4). The treatment was repeated every 3-4 weeks for five courses unless progression or severe @entity137 occurred. Before each @entity900 administration, @entity1 received @entity2197 (1,500 mg/m2) i.v. over 15 min, with a standard i.v. hydration (2,000 ml fluid) without diuretics. Debulking surgery was initially attempted in 18 @entity1 and, after 2-3 courses, in 16 @entity1 ; it could not be carried out in 6 @entity1 . Three @entity1 were not evaluable for response because they prematurely discontinued their treatment. In all, 23 @entity1 (62%) achieved complete clinical remission (negative second-look laparotomy in 16), with an overall (complete + partial) response rate of 86%; 2 @entity1 achieved disease-free status following second surgery. @entity1209 was the most severe acute toxic effect; myelosuppression was acceptable. @entity8 was effectively prevented by @entity2197 . @entity2359 that was not associated with motor dysfunction was the most significant cumulative @entity137 in @entity1 (24/32) receiving 4-5 courses. The results of this study indicate that the use of @entity2197 is a safe new method for high-dose @entity900 administration. This regimen is well-tolerated and very effective in @entity43 @entity1 with @entity66 and warrants further evaluation.

title: Efficacy and safety of high-dose @entity900 and @entity786 with XXXX protection in the treatment of bulky @entity43 .

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian carcinoma', 'ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['Renal impairment']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['bulky disease']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity2041 :: ('MESH:D005978', 'Chemical') :: ['reduced glutathione']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity2359 :: ('MESH:D020258', 'Disease') :: ['Neurotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity1209 :: ('MESH:D020250', 'Disease') :: ['Nausea/vomiting']

answer: @entity2041 :: (MESH:D005978,Chemical) :: ['glutathione']


abstract: Mitochondria can depolarize and trigger cell death through the opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP). We recently showed that an increase in the long chain n3 @entity1474 ( @entity5204 ) @entity4600 ( @entity4601 ; 22:6n3) and depletion of the n6 @entity5204 @entity1426 ( @entity12335 ; 20:4n6) in mitochondrial membranes is associated with a greater @entity141 load required to induce MPTP opening. Here we manipulated mitochondrial phospholipid composition by supplementing the diet with @entity4601 , @entity12335 or combined @entity4601 + @entity12335 in @entity35 for 10 weeks. There were no effects on cardiac function, or respiration of isolated mitochondria. Analysis of mitochondrial phospholipids showed @entity4601 supplementation increased @entity4601 and displaced @entity12335 in mitochondrial membranes, while supplementation with @entity12335 or @entity4601 + @entity12335 increased @entity12335 and depleted @entity4722 (18:2n6). Phospholipid analysis revealed a similar pattern, particularly in @entity6894 . @entity32619 was depleted by 80% with @entity12335 or @entity4601 + @entity12335 supplementation, with @entity4722 side chains replaced by @entity12335 . Both the @entity4601 and @entity12335 groups had delayed @entity141 -induced MPTP opening, but the @entity4601 + @entity12335 group was similar to the control diet. In conclusion, alterations in mitochondria membrane phospholipid @entity844 composition caused by dietary @entity4601 or @entity12335 was associated with a greater cumulative @entity141 load required to induced MPTP opening. Further, high levels of @entity32619 were not essential for normal mitochondrial function if replaced with very-long chain n3 or n6 @entity5204 .

title: Improved mitochondrial function with diet-induced increase in either XXXX or @entity1426 in membrane phospholipids.

entities_list: @entity844 :: ('CHEBI:35366', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity4600 :: ('CHEBI:28125', 'Chemical') :: ['docosahexaenoic acid']

entities_list: @entity1426 :: ('MESH:D016718', 'Chemical') :: ['arachidonic acid']

entities_list: @entity1474 :: ('MESH:D005231', 'Chemical') :: ['polyunsaturated fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity32619 :: ('MESH:C523441', 'Chemical') :: ['Tetralinoleoyl cardiolipin', 'tetralinoleoyl cardiolipin']

entities_list: @entity4722 :: ('MESH:D019787', 'Chemical') :: ['linoleic acid']

entities_list: @entity6894 :: ('MESH:D002308', 'Chemical') :: ['cardiolipin']

answer: @entity4600 :: (CHEBI:28125,Chemical) :: ['docosahexaenoic acid']


abstract: In a multicenter trial, 49 @entity1 with histologically proven advanced @entity356 were treated with a combination chemotherapy consisting of @entity2879 120 mg/m2 d 4, 5, 6 @entity632 20 mg/m2 d 1, 7 and @entity900 40 mg/m2 d 2, 8. Therapy was repeated every 4 weeks, 45 @entity1 were evaluable for response after 8 weeks of treatment. Eight @entity1 achieved a partial remission (PR: 18%), 17 @entity1 had no change (NC: 38%), and 20 @entity1 showed @entity5 progression (P: 44%). Four @entity1 with primarily inoperable @entity5 and without distant metastases who achieved a partial remission, underwent second look operation with curative intention. All 4 @entity1 died within 12 months after second look operation due to @entity5 recurrence. Median survival time of all @entity1 was 9 months. @entity137 was considerable. WHO grade 3/4 @entity137 appeared in 20-30% of @entity1 ( @entity390 , @entity391 , @entity1277 , @entity1210 ). After 3 cycles complete alopecia was present in 70% of @entity1 . @entity281 , requiring treatment, occurred in 10 @entity1 . Five @entity1 discontinued therapy because of intolerable subjective @entity137 . The observed response rate of 18% objective partial remissions is disappointing and does not give support to the communications reporting response rates over 50% with EAP and other regimens including @entity900 . In conclusion, and considering the high subjective and objective @entity137 of this regimen, it can not be recommended for standard use in @entity1 with advanced @entity356 .

title: XXXX , @entity632 , and @entity900 (EAP) combination chemotherapy for advanced @entity356 . A phase II trial by the "Chemotherapiegruppe Gastrointestinaler Tumoren (CGT)".

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['adriamycin']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'Toxicity']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatinum']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity2879 :: ('MESH:D005047', 'Chemical') :: ['etoposide']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['Severe infection']

entities_list: @entity1277 :: ('MESH:D001068', 'Disease') :: ['loss of appetite']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer']

entities_list: @entity1210 :: ('MESH:C536227', 'Disease') :: ['leucopenia']

answer: @entity2879 :: (MESH:D005047,Chemical) :: ['Etoposide']


abstract: @entity13083 accounts for an important risk for bile tree injury during surgery, since preoperative diagnosis is missed in half of the cases and is often difficult to differentiate from @entity189 . A 79-year-old male, with a known history of @entity2963 , was admitted with a @entity3883 20 days, without @entity158 , @entity221 , or other symptoms. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography described possible microlithiasis of the distal bile duct, but on endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), an irregular stenosis was detected under the junction of hepatic ducts, which was described as possibly neoplastic. A temporary stent was placed and the @entity1 was referred for surgery. On first view the gallbladder appeared hard, embedded in adhesions, giving the impression of an unresectable @entity5 and the bile duct was not approachable. After a fundus-down incision of the gallbladder multiple stones were extracted. Frozen biopsies from the gallbladder wall were negative. The incision was extended towards the gallbladder neck and a large communication with the @entity1157 ( @entity1157 ) was revealed. A difficult partial cholecystectomy was performed, followed by cholecystojejunostomy with a Roux-en-Y jejunal loop. The @entity1 had a totally uneventful postoperative course. Stent removal was succeeded endoscopically 1 month later. The importance of preoperative ERCP and @entity1157 stenting is highlighted in this article. ERCP may have failed to distinguish @entity13083 from @entity189 , however the stent placement saved the cardiologically compromised @entity1 from further surgical manipulations. Therefore, in ambiguous cases, whatever the final diagnosis turns to be, either @entity189 or @entity13083 , @entity1157 stenting can be useful for the final management of the @entity1 .

title: A case of XXXX mimicking @entity189 : the role of @entity1157 -stenting for easy surgical management.

entities_list: @entity3883 :: ('MESH:D041781', 'Disease') :: ['progressive obstructive jaundice over']

entities_list: @entity13083 :: ('MESH:D057792', 'Disease') :: ["Mirizzi's syndrome"]

entities_list: @entity1157 :: ('MESH:D001649', 'Disease') :: ['CBD', 'common bile duct']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity2963 :: ('MESH:D002769', 'Disease') :: ['cholelithiasis']

answer: @entity13083 :: (MESH:D057792,Disease) :: ['Mirizzi's syndrome']


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: Unbalanced 3-factor design with repeated measures on 1 factor. OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of manual treatment (MT) on cytokine and @entity158 sensations in those with and without @entity1643 ( @entity1643 ). SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Evidence suggests MT reduces @entity1643 but by unknown mechanisms. Certain cytokines have been elevated in @entity1 with @entity1643 and may be affected by MT. METHODS: @entity1 aged 20-60 years with chronic @entity1643 or without @entity1643 were recruited and randomly assigned to MT, sham ultrasound treatment, or no treatment groups. Venous blood samples were collected and @entity158 levels assessed at baseline, 1 hour later, and 24 hours later. Blood was analyzed for @entity1356 , @entity650 , @entity5 @entity39 factor-a, and @entity1851 (CRP). @entity158 levels were measured by pressure @entity158 threshold (PPT), mechanical detection threshold (MDT), dynamic mechanical allodynia (DMA), and self-report. RESULTS: Forty (30 female, age 36  11 y) @entity1 completed the study, 33 with @entity1643 (13 MT, 13 sham ultrasound treatment, and 7 no treatment) and 7 without @entity1643 . @entity1 with or without @entity1643 could not be differentiated on the basis of serum cytokine levels, PPT, or MDT (P>= 0.08). There were no significant differences between the groups at 1 hour or 24 hours on serum cytokines, PPT, or MDT (P>= 0.07). There was a significant decrease from baseline in @entity650 for the no treatment ( @entity1643 ) group (P=0.04), in CRP for the sham ultrasound treatment group (P=0.03), in MDT for all 3 @entity1643 groups (P <=0.02), and in self-reported @entity158 for the MT and sham ultrasound treatment groups (P=0.03 and 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Self-reported @entity158 was reduced with MT and sham ultrasound treatment 24 hours after treatment, but inflammatory markers within venous circulation and quantitative sensory tests were unable to differentiate between study groups. Therefore, we were unable to characterize mechanisms underlying chronic @entity1643 .

title: Changes in Cytokines, Sensory Tests, and Self-Reported @entity158 Levels After Manual Treatment of Low Back XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity1643 :: ('MESH:D017116', 'Disease') :: ['low back pain', 'LBP']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['Pain']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Essentials @entity1211 ( @entity1211 ) prevention strategies require effective risk assessment models. We sought to validate the Khorana Risk Score (KRS) in @entity1 with @entity2 . A high KRS was not predictive of @entity1211 but was independently associated with all-cause mortality. Our findings stress the need for a @entity2 -specific @entity1211 risk assessment model. SUMMARY: Objectives @entity2 is strongly associated with @entity1211 ( @entity1211 ), but primary prevention against @entity1211 is not a validated management strategy. Risk assessment models will be necessary for efficient implementation of preventative strategies. Materials and methods Utilizing a prospectively collected @entity2 database, we aimed to validate the Khorana Risk Score (KRS) in the prediction of @entity1211 among @entity1 with @entity2 . @entity1211 events were retrospectively identified by reviewers unaware of the clinical prediction score calculation. The association between KRS and the risk of @entity1211 was examined using cumulative incidence function with competing risk models. Mortality prediction was evaluated as a secondary outcome. Results We included 719 @entity1 in our review. The @entity1 were predominantly older @entity1 with @entity1149 and 40% had metastatic disease at inception. The median follow-up was 15.2 months. There were 83 VTEs (11.5%) and 568 (78.8%) @entity1 died. A high KRS (cumulative incidence, 12.4%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 6.4-20.5%) was not associated with @entity1211 compared with an intermediate score (cumulative incidence, 12.1%; 95% confidence interval, 9.5-15.0%) in both univariate and multivariable analyses. However, a high KRS was a predictor of mortality (hazard ratio, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.4-2.2). Conclusions Among @entity1 with @entity2 , the KRS did not stratify the @entity1 at the highest risk of @entity1211 . Improved risk stratification methods are needed for this group of @entity1 prior to implementing a primary prevention strategy.

title: Predictors of active cancer thromboembolic outcomes: validation of the Khorana score among @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['Venous thromboembolism', 'VTE', 'venous thromboembolism']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['Lung cancer', 'lung cancer']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['lung cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to determine whether strain echocardiography parameters reflect changes in regional myocardial perfusion during @entity452 stress. BACKGROUND: Strain echocardiography depicts regional myocardial mechanical activity. @entity63 has been shown to reduce systolic strain rate (sSR) and prolong the time to regional lengthening (T(RL)). In an experimental model, we tested whether sSR and T(RL) tracked @entity452 -induced changes in regional myocardial perfusion ( @entity296 [ @entity296 ]), as measured by colored microspheres. METHODS: We used a closed-chest @entity1707 model of nonocclusive @entity3979 (n = 14) created by inflating an angioplasty balloon in the proximal left anterior descending artery. Invasive hemodynamics, @entity296 , and strain parameters were measured at baseline and peak @entity452 stimulation before and during the @entity3979 . We compared segments with reduced @entity296 versus those with preserved @entity296 at peak @entity452 stimulation. RESULTS: Peak sSR correlated with @entity296 (r = 0.70). In the absence of @entity3979 , @entity452 stimulation caused a significant increase in @entity296 and sSR and a decrease in T(RL). This response was blunted during @entity3979 . Using the "best cutoff" method, the sensitivity and specificity for prediction of reduced @entity296 ( @entity63 ) was 81% and 91% for sSR and 65% and 91% for T(RL), respectively. These changes occurred in the absence of any change in global systolic and diastolic function (dP/dT(max), dP/dT(min), and tau). CONCLUSIONS: Novel strain parameters that depict regional myocardial mechanics are able to predict changes in @entity296 during @entity452 stress. Quantitative strain parameters may complement current echocardiographic techniques for @entity63 detection and potentially improve the accuracy and reproducibility of stress echocardiography.

title: Strain echocardiography tracks XXXX -induced decrease in regional myocardial perfusion in nonocclusive @entity3979 .

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['regional myocardial blood flow', 'RMBF']

entities_list: @entity452 :: ('MESH:D004280', 'Chemical') :: ['dobutamine']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['Ischemia', 'ischemia']

entities_list: @entity3979 :: ('MESH:D023921', 'Disease') :: ['coronary stenosis']

answer: @entity452 :: (MESH:D004280,Chemical) :: ['dobutamine']


abstract: AIMS: @entity356 in the elderly represents a distinct entity with specific clinicopathological characteristics and the majority of affected @entity1 belong to this age group. Subtotal or total gastrectomy with radical lymph node dissection, adjuvant chemoradiotherapy or perioperative chemotherapy represent the only potentially curative treatment options and seem to be performed with acceptable morbidity and mortality rates in selected elderly @entity1 . Published research is very limited due to the strict selection and under-representation of elderly @entity1 in clinical trials. A review of current recommendations and practice was performed. METHODS: A comprehensive literature review was performed searching Medline for articles published since 1974, using " @entity356 ", "elderly" and "treatment" as keywords. OBSERVATIONS: The data suggest that elderly @entity1 that fulfill the inclusion criteria of clinical trials experience the same advantages and @entity137 from chemotherapy as younger @entity1 . Fit elderly @entity1 with operable @entity356 should be candidates for the standard surgical resection provided that preoperative comorbidities are taken into account. Perioperative chemotherapy or postoperative chemoradiotherapy should be added in case of locally advanced disease. Palliative systemic chemotherapy seems to prolong survival in recurrent and metastatic disease. CONCLUSIONS: Chronological age alone is not sufficient reason to withhold curative or palliative treatment from an elderly @entity356 @entity1 . Performance status does not suffice in order to estimate the general condition of elderly @entity1 and cofactors regarding their functional, social and mental status have to be considered.

title: XXXX in the elderly: an overview.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer', 'Gastric cancer']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['Gastric cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: We have developed a statistical prediction model for @entity263 based on four kallikrein markers in blood: total, free, and intact prostate-specific antigen ( @entity1486 ), and @entity7199 -related peptidase 2 ( @entity14958 ). Although this model accurately predicts the result of biopsy in unscreened @entity1 , its properties for @entity1 with a history of @entity1486 screening have not been fully characterized. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: A total of 1,501 previously screened @entity1 with elevated @entity1486 underwent initial biopsy during rounds 2 and 3 of the European Randomized Study of Screening for @entity263 , Rotterdam, with 388 @entity5 diagnosed. Biomarker levels were measured in serum samples taken before biopsy. The prediction model developed on the unscreened cohort was then applied and predictions compared with biopsy outcome. RESULTS: The previously developed four-kallikrein prediction model had much higher predictive accuracy than @entity1486 and age alone (area under the curve of 0.711 versus 0.585, and 0.713 versus 0.557 with and without digital rectal exam, respectively; both P < 0.001). Similar statistically significant enhancements were seen for high-grade @entity5 . Applying the model with a cutoff of 20% @entity5 risk as the criterion for biopsy would reduce the biopsy rate by 362 for every 1,000 @entity1 with elevated @entity1486 . Although diagnosis would be delayed for 47 @entity5 , these would be predominately low-stage and low-grade (83% Gleason 6 T(1c)). CONCLUSIONS: A panel of four kallikreins can help predict the result of initial biopsy in previously screened @entity1 with elevated @entity1486 . Use of a statistical model based on the panel would substantially decrease rates of unnecessary biopsy.

title: A four-kallikrein panel predicts XXXX in @entity1 with recent screening: data from the European Randomized Study of Screening for @entity263 , Rotterdam.

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer', 'Prostate Cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity7199 :: ('MESH:D007610', 'Chemical') :: ['kallikrein']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to determine whether residual spherical and cylindrical errors could be corrected postoperatively in a non-invasive manner using ultraviolet irradiation in @entity1 with @entity3467 undergoing @entity231 surgery and implantation of a light-adjustable lens, @entity1346 intraocular lens (LAL) (Calhoun Vision, Pasadena, CA). METHODS: In a prospective, non-randomised clinical trial at Center for Vision Science, Ruhr University Eye Clinic, Bochum, Germany, 15 eyes of 15 @entity1 with @entity3467 (less than 22.2 mm) were studied. The manifest refraction, uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), and best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA) were determined with a follow-up time of six months to determine the achieved refractive corrections and their stability. RESULTS: The adjustment and lock-in procedures were well tolerated by @entity1 . Preoperative refraction was in mean + 2.56 D as spherical equivalent, postoperative before adjustment + 1.01 D, one month after lock-in procedure + 0.03 D, after 3 months + 0.12 D and after 6 months 0.0 D (   0.21 D). 6 months after lock-in all @entity1 reached an uncorrected visual acuity of 20/30 or better, 10 of 15 @entity1 reached 20/25 and 1 @entity1 20/20. The data demonstrate the stability of the achieved refractive change after the adjustment and lock-in procedures. CONCLUSION: Postoperative @entity2516 were successfully corrected with precision and significant improvement in UCVA and without compromising BSCVA using the light adjustable intraocular lens technology. Our data demonstrate the stability of the achieved refractive change after the adjustment and lock-in procedures. The light-adjustable lens is a promising technology with the potential to eliminate postoperative refractive surprises of up to 2 diopters of refractive and cylindrical error following @entity231 surgery.

title: [Adjustment of sphero-cylindrical @entity2516 in hyperopic eyes: 6-month results after XXXX surgery and implantation of a light-adjustable intraocular lens].

entities_list: @entity2516 :: ('MESH:D012030', 'Disease') :: ['refractive errors']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

entities_list: @entity3467 :: ('MESH:D006956', 'Disease') :: ['axial hyperopia']

entities_list: @entity1346 :: ('MESH:D012828', 'Chemical') :: ['silicone']

answer: @entity231 :: (MESH:D002386,Disease) :: ['cataract']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: During clinical electrophysiologic study, multiple clinical @entity591 morphologies often can be induced in the @entity1188 , and all morphologies must be targeted for ablation therapy to be successful. Analysis of sinus rhythm electrogram shape for localizing figure-of-eight reentrant circuits in cases of multiple morphologies is proposed. METHODS AND RESULTS: Sinus rhythm activation maps were constructed from bipolar electrograms acquired at 196 to 312 sites in the epicardial border zone in 10 postinfarction @entity235 hearts. In each heart, at least two distinct figure-of-eight reentrant @entity1165 morphologies were inducible by premature electrical stimulation, as determined by activation maps of sustained @entity591 . Sinus rhythm maps were used to predict the location of the isthmus (central common pathway [CCP]), which is the protected region of the circuit bounded by arcs of block (mean accuracy 76.7 +/- 4%). Although reentrant circuits differed, the positions of the entrance point of each CCP were common. The location of the line that would span the CCP at its narrowest width also was estimated (mean accuracy 91.3 +/- 5%). Ablation at this line is expected to prevent reentry recurrence. In one test experiment, ablation prevented recurrence of both sustained reentrant @entity591 morphologies. CONCLUSION: Sinus rhythm electrogram analyses are useful for (1) localizing multiple reentrant circuits with differences in morphology that are inducible by premature stimulation in the @entity1188 , and (2) locating and orienting the position of a linear lesion for preventing recurrence of all morphologies with minimal damage to the heart.

title: Sinus rhythm electrogram shape measurements are predictive of the origins and characteristics of multiple reentrant XXXX morphologies.

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardia', 'tachycardias']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarct border zone']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular tachycardia']

answer: @entity1165 :: (MESH:D017180,Disease) :: ['ventricular tachycardia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Case management has increasingly been the recommended approach to care for severely mentally ill @entity1 since the number of psychiatric beds has decreased. Despite equivocal results, in the UK and Europe, this approach is becoming accepted policy. We assessed the effect of smaller case loads. METHODS: We randomly assigned 708 @entity716 @entity1 in four centres standard case management (355 @entity1 , case load 30-35 per case manager) or intensive case management (353 @entity1 , case load 10-15 per case manager). We measured clinical symptoms and social functioning at baseline, 1 year, and 2 years. The impact of treatment on hospital use was assessed at 2 years by subgroup analyses for Afro-Caribbean and for severely socially disabled @entity1 . Analysis was by intention to treat. FINDINGS: There was no significant decline in overall hospital use among intensive-case-management @entity1 (mean 73.5 vs 73.1 days in those who received standard care [SD 0.4, 95% CI -17.4 to 18.1]), nor were there any significant gains in clinical or social functioning. There was no evidence of differential effect in Afro-Caribbean @entity1 or the most socially disabled @entity1 . INTERPRETATION: In well-coordinated mental-health services, a decline in case load alone does not improve outcome for these @entity1 . Mental-health planners may need to pay more attention to the content of treatment rather than changes in service organisation.

title: Intensive versus standard case management for severe XXXX : a randomised trial. UK 700 Group.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychotic']

answer: @entity716 :: (MESH:D011605,Disease) :: ['psychotic illness']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: a small group of frequent attenders is responsible for a disproportional large percentage of all daytime consultations in general practice. High attendance rates are related to demographic and psychological characteristics. Differences in attendance rates are only partly explained by @entity102 . Furthermore, lifestyles might be relevant too. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of lifestyle on attendance rates. METHOD: this study is part of the Study of Medical Information and Lifestyles in Eindhoven, the Netherlands ( @entity408 ). Generalized estimated equations were used to determine the relation between attendance rate and the different lifestyle factors (N = 4444). RESULTS: a higher body mass index was related to increased attendance rate in both male [relative risk (RR) 1.02; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01-1.03] and female @entity1 (RR 1.01; 95% CI 1.01-1.02). Lifestyles were not related to the attendance rate, except for a sedentary lifestyle in @entity1 (RR 1.08; 95% CI 1.04-1.12). DISCUSSION: since half of the Dutch population suffers from overweight or @entity28 and this number is still increasing, attendance rates will rise further. In order to relieve the GPs, nurse practitioners could play a more prominent role in lifestyle interventions concerning overweight and @entity28 and its related diseases.

title: Increased attendance rate: BMI matters, lifestyles don't. Results from the Dutch XXXX study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic diseases']

answer: @entity408 :: (160418,Gene) :: ['SMILE']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness of @entity10042 30mg once daily and @entity1537 40mg once daily on healing and symptom relief in @entity1 with @entity2681 . DESIGN: Phase IV, randomised, double-blind, active-controlled, multicentre study. @entity1 AND @entity1 : 284 @entity1 with endoscopically confirmed @entity2681 (grade >= 2). METHODS: @entity1 were randomised to treatment with @entity10042 or @entity1537 . The primary efficacy endpoint was the healing of @entity2681 (defined as grade 0 or 1) at week 8. Healing rates at week 4 and the percentages of @entity1 reporting no daytime or night-time heartburn after 1 day, 3 days and 1 week of treatment, as well as the rate of healing or improvement of @entity354 by two grades, were also analysed. RESULTS: Healing rates and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) at week 8 were 91.4% (85.4, 95.5%) for @entity10042 30mg once daily and 89.1% (82.7, 93.8%) for @entity1537 40mg once daily, respectively. For any baseline grade, greater than 90% of @entity10042 -treated and 81% of @entity1537 -treated @entity1 exhibited healing or improvement of @entity2681 by two grades from baseline to week 8. Healing rates at week 4 were also comparable: 77.0% (95% CI 69.1, 83.7%) for @entity10042 30mg and 78.3% (95% CI 70.4, 84.8%) for @entity1537 40mg. The percentages of heartburn-free @entity1 after 1 day, 3 days and 1 week of treatment were slightly higher for @entity10042 compared with @entity1537 , although the differences did not reach statistical significance (p > 0.05). Both treatments were well tolerated. CONCLUSIONS: In @entity2681 , @entity10042 30mg once daily and @entity1537 40mg once daily are equally effective in @entity2681 and relieving heartburn.

title: Evidence for therapeutic equivalence of @entity10042 30mg and @entity1537 40mg in the treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity1537 :: ('MESH:D064098', 'Chemical') :: ['esomeprazole']

entities_list: @entity2681 :: ('MESH:D014077', 'Disease') :: ['healing erosions', 'erosive oesophagitis']

entities_list: @entity10042 :: ('MESH:C058687', 'Chemical') :: ['lansoprazole']

entities_list: @entity354 :: ('MESH:D005764', 'Disease') :: ['oesophagitis']

answer: @entity2681 :: (MESH:D014077,Disease) :: ['erosive oesophagitis']


abstract: PURPOSE: Suboptimal outcomes for @entity1 with @entity3052 ( @entity3052 ) necessitate maximally intensive therapy. Consequently, serious adverse events, such as prolonged periods of profound myelosuppression, contribute to @entity3052 treatment-related mortality. Telomeres, the repetitive DNA-protein structures at chromosome ends, influence cellular replicative capacity in that critically short telomeres can induce cell senescence or apoptosis. Our objective was to evaluate the impact of telomere length on duration of post-therapy @entity1398 in a pediatric @entity3052 cohort. @entity1 AND METHODS: @entity1 were diagnosed with de novo @entity3052 , enrolled in @entity1 's Oncology Group study AAML0531, and included those with (n = 53) and without (n = 62) significantly delayed neutrophil recovery after chemotherapy. We used quantitative polymerase chain reaction to measure telomere content (TC), a validated proxy for telomere length, from remission bone marrow samples obtained after the second induction chemotherapy course. RESULTS: Less TC was significantly associated with prolonged @entity1398 after the fourth (P < .001) and fifth chemotherapy courses (P = .002). Cox regression adjusting for age at diagnosis confirmed that TC remained independently predictive of time to recovery of absolute neutrophil count for both the fourth and fifth courses (P = .002 and .009, respectively). DNA from @entity1 was analyzed for germline mutations in four telomere maintenance genes associated with telomere biology disorders. Sequence analysis revealed no enrichment of rare or novel variants in the delayed recovery group. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that TC at end of @entity3052 induction is associated with hematopoietic reconstitution capacity independently of age and may identify those at highest risk for markedly delayed @entity236 after @entity3052 therapy.

title: Shorter Remission Telomere Length Predicts Delayed Neutrophil Recovery After Acute Myeloid Leukemia Therapy: A Report From the XXXX 's Oncology Group.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients', 'Children', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity236 :: ('MESH:D001855', 'Disease') :: ['bone marrow recovery']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute myeloid leukemia', 'AML']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Children']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the change in prevalence of @entity353 and associated morbidity among young adults. METHODS: Records of 1,021,211 subjects aged 17, who underwent a medical examination, were included. RESULTS: Among female subjects the prevalence of underweight increased steadily from 13.2% to 15.6%. No statistically significant trend was found among male subjects. Among male subjects a twofold increase in the prevalence of @entity28 was observed, while among female subjects there was an increase of 57%. In obese versus normal-weight male subjects the OR, adjusted for origin, education and year of recruitment, of having @entity101 , @entity2175 and @entity407 were 4.1 (95%CI 3.89-4.34), 5.56 (5.09-6.07), 1.00 (0.30-3.27) and 16.07 (8.29-31.15), respectively. For obese female nominees the OR were 5.56 (95%CI 5.09-6.07), 4.42 (3.90-5.00), 3.59 (0.77-16.87) and 9.00 (4.36-18.60), respectively. CONCLUSION: A significant increase in prevalence of @entity28 was observed with an increased risk of having @entity2175 , @entity407 and @entity101 . An increase in the prevalence of being underweight was observed in female subjects. Policy makers have to plan appropriate effective interventions that will promote a healthy lifestyle in adolescents and reduce @entity28 on the one hand, and avoid the fashion for being underweight, with its possible development to @entity448 , on the other.

title: XXXX and associated morbidity among young adults in Israel 1990-2003.

entities_list: @entity2175 :: ('MESH:D003924', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes type 2', 'diabetes type 2 and type 1']

entities_list: @entity407 :: ('MESH:D006949', 'Disease') :: ['hyperlipidemia']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['high blood pressure']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight disorders']

entities_list: @entity448 :: ('MESH:D000855', 'Disease') :: ['anorexia']

answer: @entity353 :: (MESH:D015431,Disease) :: ['Weight disorders']


abstract: @entity2289 expression is regulated by a 4G/5G promoter polymorphism. The 4G allele is associated with greater circadian variation of @entity2289 levels. We hypothesized that the 24 h variation of cardiac risk is more pronounced among @entity1 with the 4G4G genotype than among ones with 4G5G and 5G5G genotypes. We assessed the time of onset of symptoms in 623 consecutive @entity1 with @entity583 ( @entity583 ) enrolled in the MISSION! Study between February 1, 2004, and October 29, 2006. All of the @entity1 were genotyped for the @entity2289 4G/5G polymorphism. We quantified the amplitude of the 24 h variation of @entity583 with a generalized linear model with Poisson distribution. A morning peak, between 06:00-11:59 h (n = 197; 32% of all cases), in the onset of symptoms of @entity583 was observed. The group composed of @entity1 with the 4G4G genotype did not have a more pronounced morning peak than the groups composed of other genotypes; the 24 h variation was 38% (95% confidence interval 12-70%) in the group of 4G4G @entity1 and 34% (14-58%) and 56% (20-100%) in the 4G5G and 5G5G groups of @entity1 , respectively. Our findings show that 24 h variation of cardiac risk is not more pronounced among the 4G4G genotype of @entity2289 .

title: XXXX occurs with a similar 24 h pattern in the 4G/5G versions of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['AMI', 'acute myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['Myocardial infarction']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Patterns of @entity167 consumption during pregnancy such as episodes of binge drinking may be as important as average levels of consumption in conferring risk for later childhood mental health and @entity4207 . However, it can be difficult to distinguish risk resulting from episodic or regular background levels of drinking. This large study investigates whether patterns of @entity167 consumption are independently associated with @entity1 mental health and cognitive outcomes, whether there are gender differences in risk, and whether occasional episodes of higher levels of drinking carry any risk in the absence of regular daily drinking during pregnancy. METHODS: This prospective, population-based study used data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and @entity1 . We investigated the relationships between a binge pattern of @entity167 use (consumption of > or =4 drinks in a day) in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy and childhood @entity1032 at 47 and 81 months of age (n = 6355 and 5599, respectively). In a subgroup, we also investigated these relationships with @entity1 IQ at 49 months of age (n = 924). RESULTS: fter controlling for a range of prenatal and postnatal factors, any episodes of consuming > or =4 drinks in a day were independently associated with higher risks for @entity1032 (especially @entity2915 /inattention) in @entity1 at the age of 47 months and in both genders at 81 months. There was no association with IQ scores at 49 months after adjustment for confounders. The consumption of > or =4 drinks in a day continued to carry risk for @entity1032 (especially @entity2915 /inattention) in the absence of regular daily drinking. CONCLUSIONS: The consumption of > or =4 drinks in a day on an occasional basis during pregnancy may increase risk for @entity1 @entity1032 in the absence of moderate daily levels of drinking. The main risks seem to relate to @entity2915 and inattention problems.

title: Binge pattern of XXXX consumption during pregnancy and childhood mental health outcomes: longitudinal population-based study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Children', 'girls', 'child']

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['mental health problems']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity2915 :: ('MESH:D006948', 'Disease') :: ['hyperactivity']

entities_list: @entity4207 :: ('MESH:D007859', 'Disease') :: ['learning problems']

answer: @entity167 :: (CHEBI:16236,Chemical) :: ['alcohol']


abstract: Endothelial cells line the vasculature and are important for the regulation of blood pressure, vascular permeability, clotting and transendothelial migration of leukocytes and @entity5 cells. A group of proteins that that control the endothelial barrier function are the RhoGTPases. This study focuses on three homologous (>88%) RhoGTPases: @entity3547 , @entity16505 , @entity33760 of which @entity16505 and @entity33760 have been poorly characterized. Using a RhoGTPase mRNA expression analysis we identified @entity33760 as the highest expressed in primary @entity1 endothelial cells. Based on an existing @entity3547 FRET sensor we developed new @entity16505 /C FRET sensors to characterize their spatiotemporal activation properties. We found all these RhoGTPase sensors to respond to physiologically relevant agonists (e.g. @entity556 ), reaching transient, localized FRET ratio changes up to 200%. These @entity33761 /C FRET sensors show localized GEF and GAP activity and reveal spatial activation differences between @entity3547 /C and @entity16505 . Finally, we used these sensors to monitor GEF-specific differential activation of @entity3547 /B/C. In summary, this study adds high-contrast @entity16505 /C FRET sensors to the currently available FRET sensor toolkit and uncover new insights in endothelial and RhoGTPase cell biology. This allows us to study activation and signaling by these closely related RhoGTPases with high spatiotemporal resolution in primary @entity1 cells.

title: Spatiotemporal analysis of @entity33761 /C activation in primary XXXX endothelial cells.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: In @entity1 with @entity1252 ( @entity1252 ), severe @entity16 indicating central, peripheral or autonomic nervous system involvement are frequently seen. @entity1701 ( @entity1701 ) increases the risk of nervous system involvement. The aim of the study was to assess neurological manifestations occurring in @entity1 with @entity1252 and to evaluate their association with @entity1701 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: One hundred thirty-seven @entity1 (123 @entity1 and 14 @entity1 ) with @entity1252 were studied. Fifty out of 137 @entity1 (43 @entity1 and 7 @entity1 ) were diagnosed with @entity1701 . All @entity1 underwent full neurological examination and diagnostics. @entity16 were classified according to the standardized American College of Rheumatology (ACR) nomenclature. RESULTS: @entity16 were found in 89 cases out of 137 admitted @entity1252 @entity1 (64.96%). @entity10 was present in 52 @entity1 (37.96%), @entity305 in 17 (12.41%), @entity66 in 13 (9.49%), @entity410 in 10 (7.3%), @entity129 in 5 (3.65%), @entity17 in 5 (3.65%), @entity4216 in 3 (2.19%), @entity717 in 3 (2.19%), and @entity5827 in 2 @entity1 (1.46%). Our study indicated that 78% of @entity1 with @entity1701 showed nervous system involvement as compared with 57.47% of @entity1252 @entity1 without @entity1701 (p=0.01). CONCLUSIONS: @entity16 occurring most frequently in @entity1252 @entity1 include @entity10 , @entity305 and @entity66 . @entity1701 increases the risk of nervous system involvement. We found that @entity1701 was strongly associated with neurological manifestations and in particular with @entity66 and @entity410 .

title: @entity16 in @entity1252 and their association with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity129 :: ('MESH:D003389', 'Disease') :: ['cranial neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures']

entities_list: @entity17 :: ('MESH:D003711', 'Disease') :: ['demyelinating syndrome']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['cerebrovascular diseases', 'cerebrovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological syndromes', 'Neurological syndromes']

entities_list: @entity5827 :: ('MESH:D008582', 'Disease') :: ['aseptic meningitis']

entities_list: @entity1252 :: ('MESH:D008180', 'Disease') :: ['SLE', 'systemic lupus erythematosus']

entities_list: @entity305 :: ('MESH:D011115', 'Disease') :: ['polyneuropathy']

entities_list: @entity1701 :: ('MESH:D016736', 'Disease') :: ['Antiphospholipid syndrome', 'APS']

entities_list: @entity4216 :: ('MESH:D020422', 'Disease') :: ['mononeuropathy']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['movement disorder']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache', 'Headache']

answer: @entity1701 :: (MESH:D016736,Disease) :: ['antiphospholipid syndrome']


abstract: We report a series of 14 @entity1 who had recurrent @entity1779 due to @entity101 . These @entity1 comprise 2.7% of all those admitted to the Soonchunhyang University Chonan Hospital for @entity101 @entity1779 from 1985 to 1988. @entity1 outnumbered @entity1 by 13 to 1. The mean age of the @entity1 was 54.5 years at the time of the first @entity548 and 55.4 years at the time of the second @entity548 . The mean interval between attacks was 13.1 months. All @entity1 were @entity101 on admission, and in 10 @entity1 @entity101 had been diagnosed previously. None of the @entity1 had received regular antihypertensive therapy, even after the first @entity548 . @entity1158 was the most common deficit seen after both the first and second attacks. The site of the first @entity548 was ganglionic in 9 @entity1 , cerebellar in 3 @entity1 , and lobar in 2 @entity1 . The site of the second @entity548 was ganglionic in 9 @entity1 and lobar in 5. The site of recurrent @entity548 was different from the initial site in all @entity1 except one. The most common pattern of recurrence was "ganglionic-ganglionic." The "lobar-lobar" pattern was noted in only 1 @entity1 . The @entity101 changes of the cerebral arteries are considered to be the major cause of these recurrent @entity548 . We believe that recurrent @entity1779 in @entity101 @entity1 are not rare as previously thought. Possible reasons for the increased frequency of recurrent @entity1779 are discussed.

title: Recurrent @entity1779 due to XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Women', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1158 :: ('MESH:D006429', 'Disease') :: ['Hemiplegia']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage', 'hemorrhages']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['intracerebral hemorrhages', 'intracerebral hemorrhage']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertension']