abstract: The use of life-table analysis for @entity249 data has the advantages of clarity and ease of application. Success rates per cycle have been reported, but not cumulative delivery rates for intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). We selected retrospectively 498 Belgian @entity1 <37 years old, who had their first ICSI cycle between July 1992 and December 1993. Follow-up was till the end of October 1997. Outcome measure was any delivery >25 weeks. These couples underwent 963 ICSI cycles using fresh ejaculated spermatozoa. The indications for ICSI were long-standing severe male @entity249 or fertilization failure after conventional @entity52 ( @entity52 ). Cumulative delivery rates were calculated by life-table analysis and compared according to age groups and sperm quality. There were 298 deliveries within a mean rate per cycle of 31%. The average number of cycles required for a delivery was 3.15 (CI 2.88; 3.43). Twenty-three (4.6%) spontaneous pregnancies occurred after the @entity1 had finished therapy. There was no significant difference between the sperm quality groups but delivery rates decreased significantly with increasing female age. The real delivery rate after six cycles was 60%, while the expected cumulative delivery rate was 86%. This life-table analysis may provide a means by which to counsel couples on the likelihood of a delivery following ICSI.

title: Cumulative delivery rates after intracytoplasmic sperm injection: 5 year follow-up of 498 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity249 :: ('MESH:D007246', 'Disease') :: ['infertility']

entities_list: @entity52 :: ('MESH:C566179', 'Disease') :: ['in-vitro fertilization', 'IVF']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: @entity542 are found in 17.6% of all @entity130 in- @entity1 and are the most common cause of @entity204 after injury (26.6%) in Germany. Main factors for the initial and follow up assessment are the Glasgow @entity772 Scale (GCS) and pupil reaction. These are of a very predictive value for the outcome and are essential for the emergency crew to choose the adequat @entity130 hospital. Secondary transport to a higher level @entity130 center is affected by additional risk factors and a delay in diagnosis resp. treatment. This will increase mortality and must be strictly avoided. Sufficient oxygenation and circulation prevent the @entity1 from secondary @entity75 . A low GCS (< or = 8 p.) or specific additional injuries are an indication for immediate intubation. The outcome in @entity1 with a systolic blood pressure below 90 mmHg on arrival is worse: The longer the time of correction the lower the rate of survival. After resuscitation early @entity174 treatment depends on hemoglobin concentration, hemostasis, oxygenation, body temperature, injury pattern and on the initial cranial CT scan. @entity4 , seen or expected, is a contraindication for definitive @entity174 stabilization. After resuscitation reassessment should be done including a second CT scan. Cerebral monitoring is best performed by continuous measuring of the intracranial and the arterial pressure. Their difference determines the cerebral perfusion pressure which should be 60 mmHg at least. Intracranial pressure rates below 20 mmHg are favourable. Optimal management within the first days is essential for good outcome.

title: [Multiple trauma with XXXX . Early definitive surgical @entity174 ?].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain damage']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['Cerebral swelling']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['Head injuries']

answer: @entity542 :: (MESH:D006259,Disease) :: ['craniocerebral trauma']


abstract: Cold-adaptation of enzymes involves improvements in catalytic efficiency. This paper describes studies on the conformational stability of a cold-active alkaline phosphatase (AP) from @entity7980 , with the aim of understanding more clearly its structural stability in terms of subunit dissociation and unfolding of monomers. AP is a homodimeric enzyme that is only active in the dimeric state. Tryptophan fluorescence, size-exclusion chromatography and enzyme activity were used to monitor alterations in conformational state induced by @entity2097 or @entity1133 . In cod AP, a clear distinction could be made between dissociation of dimers into monomers and subsequent unfolding of monomers (fits a three-state model). In contrast, dimer dissociation of @entity291 AP coincided with the monophasic unfolding curve observed by @entity2340 fluorescence (fits a two-state model). The DeltaG for dimer dissociation of cod AP was 8.3 kcal.mol-1, and the monomer stabilization free energy was 2.2 kcal.mol-1, giving a total of 12.7 kcal.mol-1, whereas the total free energy of @entity291 intestinal AP was 17.3 kcal.mol-1. Thus, dimer formation provided a major contribution to the overall stability of the cod enzyme. @entity1391 , the reaction product, had the effect of promoting dimer dissociation and stabilizing the monomers. Cod AP has reduced affinity for inorganic @entity1391 , the release of which is the rate-limiting step of the reaction mechanism. More flexible links at the interface between the dimer subunits may ease structural rearrangements that facilitate more rapid release of @entity1391 , and thus catalytic turnover.

title: Dissociation and unfolding of cold-active alkaline phosphatase from XXXX in the presence of @entity2097 .

entities_list: @entity2097 :: ('MESH:D019791', 'Chemical') :: ['guanidinium chloride']

entities_list: @entity2340 :: ('CHEBI:27897', 'Chemical') :: ['tryptophan']

entities_list: @entity1391 :: ('CHEBI:26020', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphate', 'Phosphate']

entities_list: @entity7980 :: ('8049', 'Species') :: ['Atlantic cod']

answer: @entity7980 :: (8049,Species) :: ['atlantic cod']


abstract: @entity4536 ( @entity4536 ) is a disease of an ancient history and more or less encountered in several Egyptian Governorates. However, no data is available concerning CL. in Qualyobia Governorate. In the present study, a number of 10920 @entity1 who attended the outpatient's clinic of Dermatology and Venereology, during the year 1991, were clinically examined for any manifestations suggesting CL. Lesion when present was examined by Giemsa stained smear and N.N.N. medium culture. Serum samples were separated from blood of suspected CL. cases for detection of antileishmanial antibodies by the indirect haemagglutination tests. The results showed that six @entity1 had parasitologically proven lesions and that IHAT was less specific in diagnosing CL. It was concluded that CL exists as endogenous cases in Qualyobia Governorate and that the presence of CL and @entity10389 within nearly the same focus is a point of medical importance.

title: XXXX in outpatients of dermatology and venereology clinic, Benha Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt.

entities_list: @entity4536 :: ('MESH:D016773', 'Disease') :: ['Zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis', 'ZCL']

answer: @entity4536 :: (MESH:D016773,Disease) :: ['Cutaneous leishmaniasis']


abstract: We sought to determine a role for @entity10969 overexpression in the dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH) in @entity28 etiology using the @entity35 model of adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated expression of @entity10969 (AAVNPY) in the DMH. @entity35 received bilateral DMH injections of AAVNPY or control vector and were fed on regular chow. Five-week postviral injection, half the @entity35 from each group were switched to access to a high-fat diet for another 11 weeks. We examined variables including body weight, food intake, energy efficiency, meal patterns, @entity413 tolerance, fat mass, plasma insulin, plasma leptin, and hypothalamic gene expression. @entity35 with DMH @entity10969 overexpression had increased food intake and body weight and lowered metabolic efficiency. The @entity7298 was mediated through increased meal size during the dark. Although these @entity35 had normal blood @entity413 , their plasma insulin levels were increased in both basal and @entity413 challenge conditions. While high-fat diet induced @entity7298 , @entity28 , and @entity3190 , these effects were amplified in @entity35 with DMH @entity10969 overexpression. Arcuate @entity10969 , @entity26473 and proopiomelanocortin expression was appropriately regulated in response to positive energy balance. These results indicate that DMH @entity10969 overexpression can cause @entity7298 and @entity28 and DMH @entity10969 may have actions in @entity413 homeostasis.

title: Overexpression of neuropeptide Y in the dorsomedial hypothalamus causes @entity7298 and @entity28 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity7298 :: ('MESH:D006963', 'Disease') :: ['hyperphagia']

entities_list: @entity3190 :: ('MESH:D006946', 'Disease') :: ['hyperinsulinemia']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Surgery for premenopausal and perimenopausal @entity1 with @entity43 may often result in significant menopausal symptoms. Physicians may well be reluctant to prescribe, and @entity1 loathe to take, postoperative @entity172 replacement therapy because they fear that supplementation may lead to @entity43 relapse. This randomized prospective study was undertaken to determine whether postoperative @entity172 replacement therapy had a negative influence on the disease free interval and overall survival of @entity43 survivors. METHODS: Between January 1987 and June 1994, at the time of a routine consultation held 6-8 weeks postoperatively, 130 @entity1 younger than 59 years with @entity43 were randomized to continuous oral conjugated @entity1641 @entity172 ( @entity18437 ) or to no supplementation (non- @entity18437 ). All @entity1 were followed prospectively for a minimum of 48 months. RESULTS: Three @entity1 in the @entity12206 in the non- @entity18437 group were lost to follow-up, so 59 and 66 were finally analyzed in their respective groups. Nine @entity1 originally randomized to @entity18437 refused or stopped their supplementation, whereas 5 in the non- @entity18437 commenced taking @entity172 . A total of 32 recurrences occurred in the @entity18437 group and 41 in the non- @entity18437 group. The median disease free interval was 34 versus 27 months, respectively, whereas overall survival was 44 versus 34 months, respectively, for the two groups. The differences in disease free interval (P = 0.785) and overall survival (P = 0.354) between the two groups were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Postoperative @entity172 replacement therapy did not have a negative influence on the disease free interval and overall survival of @entity43 survivors.

title: XXXX replacement therapy for @entity43 survivors: A randomized controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen', 'estrogens']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian carcinoma', 'invasive epithelial ovarian carcinoma', 'epithelial ovarian carcinoma']

answer: @entity172 :: (MESH:D004967,Chemical) :: ['Estrogen']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A considerable number of @entity1 require opioids during recovery after laparoscopic sterilization. This implies @entity390 , @entity1296 and sedation and increases the number of unplanned admissions. @entity2682 has shown excellent postoperative analgesic effect in a number of recent studies with few side effects. This study was designed to test whether @entity2682 given preoperatively can reduce the number of @entity1 needing @entity1286 in the recovery period. METHODS: 80 females scheduled for laparoscopic sterilization using Filshie clips were randomized to two treatment groups (Gaba group and control group). All @entity1 received @entity12802 8 mg p.o. 30 min. before the procedure. @entity1 in the Gaba group received @entity2682 1200 mg p.o. and @entity1 in the control group received placebo capsules prior to the procedure. All @entity1 were anesthetized according to a protocol, using @entity1937 and @entity1875 . Postoperative @entity1337 was obtained with @entity1 controlled infusion of @entity1286 . @entity158 , @entity390 , @entity1296 and sedation were scored at 2 and 4 hours after end of anesthesia. The expenditure of @entity1286 was the primary measure for the effect of @entity1337 and the number of @entity1 demanding @entity1286 was the primary endpoint. RESULTS: Three @entity1 were excluded because of procedural errors and one because of conversion to open surgery. 38 @entity1 completed the study in each group.32 (84%) @entity1 in the @entity2682 group and 37 (97%) @entity1 in the control group did require @entity1286 in the recovery period. (p = 0,049). There was no significant difference between mean @entity1286 consumption, @entity158 scores and frequency of adverse effects ( @entity390 , @entity1296 , @entity391 ) CONCLUSION: The postoperative analgesic effect of @entity2682 given preoperatively was confirmed in this study. For this procedure, with @entity158 predominantly in the immediate recovery period, and of less intensity than after major surgical procedures, the effect demonstrated is much less pronounced than in similar studies of major surgery. General use of @entity2682 as analgesic for laparoscopic sterilization is not supported by this study. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Current Controlled Trials ISCRTN39209275.

title: Effect of @entity2682 on @entity1286 demand and XXXX after laparoscopic sterilization using Filshie clips. A double blind randomized clinical trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2682 :: ('MESH:C040029', 'Chemical') :: ['Gabapentin', 'gabapentin']

entities_list: @entity12802 :: ('MESH:C059451', 'Chemical') :: ['lornoxicam']

entities_list: @entity1337 :: ('MESH:D000699', 'Disease') :: ['analgesia']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['sedation and vomiting']

entities_list: @entity1875 :: ('MESH:D015742', 'Chemical') :: ['propofol']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine']

entities_list: @entity1296 :: ('MESH:D004244', 'Disease') :: ['dizziness']

entities_list: @entity1937 :: ('MESH:C071741', 'Chemical') :: ['remifentanil']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Systemic elevations in @entity15630 suppress the fibrinolytic pathway leading to poor collagen remodelling and delayed regeneration of tibialis anterior (TA) muscles in type-1 @entity6 Akita @entity19 . However, how @entity1413 was specifically attenuating regeneration in Akita @entity19 remained unknown. Furthermore, given intrinsic differences between muscle groups, it was unclear if the reparative responses between muscle groups were different. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Here we reveal that @entity6 Akita muscles display differential regenerative responses with the TA and gastrocnemius muscles exhibiting reduced regenerating myofiber area compared to wild-type @entity19 , while soleus muscles displayed no difference between animal groups following injury. Collagen levels in TA and gastrocnemius, but not soleus, were significantly increased @entity130 versus controls. At 5 days @entity130 , when degenerating/ @entity39 regions were present in both animal groups, Akita TA and gastrocnemius muscles displayed reduced macrophage and satellite cell infiltration and poor myofiber formation. By 10 days @entity130 , @entity39 regions were absent in wild-type TA but persisted in Akita TA. In contrast, Akita soleus exhibited no impairment in any of these measures compared to wild-type soleus. In an effort to define how @entity1413 was attenuating regeneration in Akita TA, a @entity15630 inhibitor ( @entity42421 ) was orally administered to Akita @entity19 following cardiotoxin injury. @entity42421 administration promoted macrophage and satellite cell infiltration into @entity39 areas of the TA and gastrocnemius. Importantly, soleus muscles exhibit the highest inducible expression of @entity1235 following injury, providing a mechanism for normative collagen degradation and injury recovery in this muscle despite systemically elevated @entity15630 . CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest the mechanism underlying how @entity1413 in type-1 @entity6 results in delayed regeneration is an impairment in macrophage infiltration and satellite cell recruitment to degenerating areas; a phenomena that occurs differentially between muscle groups.

title: Impaired macrophage and satellite cell infiltration occurs in a muscle-specific XXXX in @entity6 .

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrotic']

entities_list: @entity1413 :: ('MESH:D003095', 'Disease') :: ['impaired collagen remodelling', 'impaired collagen turnover']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['post-injury']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['fashion following injury']


abstract: Plant natriuretic peptides (PNPs) are a class of extracellular, systemically mobile molecules that elicit a number of plant responses important in homeostasis and growth. The bacterial citrus pathogen, @entity7590 , also contains a gene encoding a PNP-like protein, XacPNP, that shares significant sequence similarity and identical domain organization with plant PNPs but has no homologues in other bacteria. We have expressed and purified XacPNP and demonstrated that the bacterial protein alters physiological responses including stomatal opening in plants. Although XacPNP is not expressed under standard nutrient rich culture conditions, it is strongly induced under conditions that mimic the nutrient poor intercellular apoplastic environment of leaves, as well as in infected tissue, suggesting that XacPNP transcription can respond to the host environment. To characterize the role of XacPNP during @entity2348 , we constructed a XacPNP deletion mutant. The lesions caused by this mutant were more @entity39 than those observed with the wild-type, and @entity204 occurred earlier in the mutant. Moreover, when we expressed XacPNP in @entity17844 . vesicatoria, the transgenic bacteria caused less @entity39 in the host than the wild-type. In conclusion, we present evidence that a plant-like bacterial PNP can enable a plant pathogen to modify host responses to create conditions favorable to its own survival.

title: XXXX uses a plant natriuretic peptide-like protein to modify host homeostasis.

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrotic', 'necrotic lesions']

entities_list: @entity2348 :: ('MESH:D001424', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial infection']

entities_list: @entity7590 :: ('346', 'Species') :: ['Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial cell death']

entities_list: @entity17844 :: ('53413', 'Species') :: ['Xanthomonas axonopodis pv']

answer: @entity7590 :: (346,Species) :: ['Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri']


abstract: Several studies of corticosteroid efficacy in @entity1 with @entity1030 performed in the last decade have had stronger study designs and larger @entity1 populations than most of the previously reported investigations. These studies have provided evidence of the objective benefit of @entity228 therapy on pulmonary function in clinically stable @entity1030 @entity1 . These positive results are due to a relatively marked beneficial effect of @entity288 in a minority of the subjects studied rather than a modest effect in the majority of subjects. A controlled randomized trial of intravenous corticosteroid administration in @entity1 with @entity1030 and @entity1576 admitted to the hospital showed improvement in pulmonary function from 12 hours following initial administration through the remainder of the 3 days of the study in the treatment group as compared to the control group. A greater percentage of @entity1 showed a beneficial response to @entity288 in this study of @entity1 with acute exacerbations as compared to most of the studies of clinically stable @entity1030 @entity1 with beneficial effects. This suggests the possibility that some @entity1 may show a beneficial response to @entity288 during an acute exacerbation although they have not shown a response when clinically stable. The response to inhaled @entity288 in @entity1 with @entity1030 has not been studied as extensively as the response to oral @entity288 . However, some studies have shown a beneficial response to inhaled @entity288 , primarily but not exclusively, in individuals who have also shown a positive response to oral agents. Generally, the response in terms of improved pulmonary function has been less striking with the inhaled agent as compared to the oral drug, although higher relative doses of the oral drugs usually were studied. Several limitations of the currently available studies are evident. Most of the studies deal with the effects in clinically stable outpatients with @entity1030 and no studies have dealt with maintenance therapy in @entity1 who have responded to a 1 to 2 week course of 30 mg of @entity229 or greater. Data on the efficacy of inhaled @entity288 in @entity1030 @entity1 are limited. No studies have investigated the role of @entity288 in acute exacerbations in outpatients with @entity1030 . Recommendations are given regarding use of @entity288 in @entity1 with @entity1030 . A trial of @entity288 is recommended at some point during a @entity1 's course, while clinically stable. If a beneficial response is obtained in terms of improvement in airflow obstruction, then clinical judgment must be used regarding whether maintenance therapy is continued and, if so, at what dose and by what route.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: Rationale and use of XXXX in @entity1030 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity228 :: ('CHEBI:50858', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroid']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['acute respiratory failure']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity288 :: (MESH:D000305,Chemical) :: ['corticosteroids']


abstract: CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVES:: Effective postoperative analgesia is important for reducing the incidence of @entity1118 . This study evaluated the effect of preoperative @entity2682 on postoperative analgesia and the incidence of @entity1118 among @entity1 undergoing @entity923 surgical treatment. DESIGN AND SETTINGS:: Randomized, double-blind controlled trial, Federal University of S  o Paulo @entity158 Clinic. METHODS:: Forty @entity1 aged 18 years or over were randomized into two groups: @entity2682 Group received 600 mg of @entity2682 preoperatively, one hour prior to surgery, and Control Group received placebo. All the @entity1 received intravenous regional anesthesia comprising 1% @entity3303 . @entity1363 was used for sedation if needed. @entity1443 was administered for postoperative analgesia as needed. @entity10425 was used additionally if the @entity1443 was insufficient. The following were evaluated: @entity282 intensity (over a six-month period), incidence of postoperative @entity9 (over a six-month period), need for intraoperative sedation, and use of postoperative @entity1443 and @entity10425 . The presence of @entity9 was established using the DN4 (Douleur Neuropathique 4) questionnaire. @entity158 was diagnosed using the Budapest questionnaire. RESULTS:: No differences in the need for sedation, control over @entity282 or incidence of @entity1118 ( @entity9 ) were observed. No differences in postoperative @entity1443 and @entity10425 consumption were observed. CONCLUSIONS:: Preoperative @entity2682 (600 mg) did not improve @entity282 control, and did not reduce the incidence of @entity1118 among @entity1 undergoing @entity923 surgery.

title: Effect of preoperative @entity2682 on @entity158 intensity and development of XXXX after @entity923 surgical treatment in @entity1 : randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2682 :: ('MESH:C040029', 'Chemical') :: ['Gabapentin', 'gabapentin']

entities_list: @entity1443 :: ('MESH:D000082', 'Chemical') :: ['Paracetamol', 'paracetamol']

entities_list: @entity3303 :: ('MESH:D008012', 'Chemical') :: ['lidocaine']

entities_list: @entity9 :: ('MESH:D009437', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathic pain', 'neuropathic or complex regional pain syndrome']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['Pain', 'Complex regional pain syndrome']

entities_list: @entity923 :: ('MESH:D002349', 'Disease') :: ['carpal tunnel syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1363 :: ('MESH:D008874', 'Chemical') :: ['Midazolam']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative pain']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain syndromes', 'chronic pain']

entities_list: @entity10425 :: ('MESH:D003061', 'Chemical') :: ['codeine', 'Codeine']

answer: @entity1118 :: (MESH:D059350,Disease) :: ['chronic pain']


abstract: The following case report details a 53-year-old @entity1 with a 6-year history of the benign cutaneous or skin-limited form of @entity14593 . Clinically, the @entity1 demonstrated a diffuse eruption of papules on the upper trunk and arms. Many papules demonstrated the classic porcelain-white centers characteristic of @entity14593 , but others exhibited different clinical morphologies that corresponded to the evolutionary stages of papules originally described by Degos. Over the course of several clinic visits, the @entity1 underwent a total of 5 punch biopsies, the histologies of which were correlated with their clinical morphologies. Early papules were skin-colored and demonstrated a superficial and deep perivascular, periadnexal, and perineural chronic inflammatory cell infiltrate associated with interstitial @entity3558 deposition. The overlying epidermis showed a mild vacuolar interface reaction and the histologic appearances at this early stage resembled @entity1252 . Fully developed papules were raised with umbilicated porcelain-white centers and a surrounding erythematous rim. Histologically these exhibited a prominent interface reaction with squamatization of the dermo-epidermal junction, melanin @entity322 , @entity194 , and a developing zone of @entity1377 that resembled the early stages of lichen sclerosus et atrophicus in miniature. These interface reactions were invariably confined to the central portion of the punch biopsy specimen, corresponding to the central porcelain-white area seen clinically. Additional features of fully developed papules included a prominent @entity1333 affecting venules, a mild periadnexal infiltrate of neutrophils and/or eosinophils, and interstitial @entity3558 deposition. In late-stage papules, the porcelain-white areas were better developed and the lesion flattened. Histologically, the degree of @entity32 was generally sparse and the overall picture mirrored the classic histologic description of @entity14593 with a central roughly wedge-shaped zone of @entity1463 surmounted by an @entity3202 and @entity8820 compact stratum corneum. These late-stage papules closely resembled a miniaturized version of fully developed lichen sclerosus et atrophicus confined to the center of the punch biopsy specimen.

title: Benign cutaneous XXXX : a case report with emphasis on histopathology as papules chronologically evolve.

entities_list: @entity1377 :: ('MESH:D002291', 'Disease') :: ['papillary dermal sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['incontinence']

entities_list: @entity8820 :: ('MESH:C566153', 'Disease') :: ['hyperkeratotic']

entities_list: @entity1333 :: ('MESH:D014657', 'Disease') :: ['lymphocytic vasculitis']

entities_list: @entity1252 :: ('MESH:D008180', 'Disease') :: ['tumid lupus erythematosus']

entities_list: @entity3202 :: ('MESH:D016109', 'Disease') :: ['atrophic epidermis']

entities_list: @entity14593 :: ('MESH:D054853', 'Disease') :: ["Degos' disease"]

entities_list: @entity1463 :: ('MESH:D012598', 'Disease') :: ['sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity194 :: ('MESH:D001284', 'Disease') :: ['epidermal atrophy']

answer: @entity14593 :: (MESH:D054853,Disease) :: ['Degos' disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine the factors predicting age at diagnosis of @entity164 2 @entity6 in Hong Kong Chinese. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: The relationships between age at diagnosis and parental history of @entity6 as well as an array of clinical and metabolic factors were examined using a hospital clinic-based @entity6 registry involving 3,414 index @entity1 with @entity2175 at diagnosis in successive generations were also examined using 21 affected @entity1 -parent pairs and 7 affected @entity1 -parent-grandparent trios. RESULTS: Approximately 29% of the index @entity1 were diagnosed with @entity164 2 @entity6 at < or = 35 years of age (hereby defined as early-onset). Compared with the @entity1 diagnosed at >35 years of age (hereby defined as late-onset) the early-onset @entity1 had higher rates of positive paternal (16 vs. 5%) and maternal (22 vs. 12%) history of @entity6 (both at P < 0.01) and had poorer metabolic profiles. In the overall index @entity1 , male sex, higher @entity4051 c waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and systolic blood pressure (sBP); lower HDL @entity165 level; and a positive paternal was well as maternal history of @entity6 predicted younger age at diagnosis. More senior age and higher BMI and diastolic blood pressure predicted olderq age at diagnosis. Predictors for younger age at diagnosis in the male @entity1 were higher HbA1c and sBP and a positive paternal history of @entity6 Predictors for younger age at diagnosis in the female @entity1 were higher HbA1c WHR, and sBP and a paternal as well as maternal history of @entity6 . In the affected @entity1 parent pairs and clild-parent-grandparent trios there was a decrease in age at diagnosis in successive generations. CONCLUSIONS: Our data indicate that both familial (possibly genetic) and metabolic factors affect the age of onset of @entity164 2 @entity6 in the Chinese population. The results also suggest an onset and progression pattern of the disease that is compatible with the phenomenon of anticipation.

title: Factors predicting the age when XXXX 2 @entity6 is diagnosed in Hong Kong Chinese subjects.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'child']

entities_list: @entity2175 :: ('MESH:D003924', 'Disease') :: ['type 2 diabetes Patterns of age']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity164 :: (MESH:D017827,Disease) :: ['type']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: International guidelines are ambivalent regarding the recommendations for the management of clinical stage 1 (CS1) @entity4797 . @entity1 AND METHODS: During 2008-2013, 1,050 @entity1 with @entity4797 CS1 were prospectively registered with regard to assessing management modality (radiotherapy, @entity3003 , surveillance). Associations with @entity5 size, rete testis invasion, age, year of diagnosis, type of institution, and geographic location were assessed. RESULTS: Of the total number of @entity1 , 49.3% received @entity3003 1 course, 8.5% @entity3003 2 courses, 35.9% surveillance, and 6.3% radiotherapy. In 2013, surveillance increased significantly to 57.9%. Treatment decisions were significantly associated with rete testis invasion and @entity5 size. @entity3003 was applied significantly more in office clinics than elsewhere. There is some regional variation regarding treatment preferences. CONCLUSIONS: The rising acceptance of surveillance mirrors international trends. The associations with prognostic factors demonstrate care givers to be compliant with contemporary guidelines. The association with the type of institution suggests non-oncological factors to be also relevant in decision making.

title: XXXX Clinical Stage 1 - Patterns of Care in Germany.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['Carboplatin', 'carboplatin']

answer: @entity4797 :: (MESH:D018239,Disease) :: ['Seminoma']


abstract: @entity1 often develop learned food aversions (LFAs) to foods or beverages consumed in temporal contiguity to @entity344 . Viewed as a classical conditioning process, principles of LFA development have been studied in the animal laboratory. @entity5 chemotherapy provides a "natural laboratory" for examining whether these principles characterize @entity1 LFA development. Chemotherapy @entity1 (n = 63) were interviewed prior to a regularly scheduled chemotherapy infusion (i.e. target infusion). Foods and beverages consumed in the preceding 24 h were identified. @entity1209 ( @entity1209 ) was assessed. Finally, preference changes for items consumed prior to the target infusion were assessed prior to @entity1 ' next chemotherapy infusion. Contrary to hypothesis, (a) less preferred and familiar items were not more likely to become LFA targets, (b) LFA items were not consumed in close temporal contiguity to either the initiation of chemotherapy or @entity1209 , and (c) LFAs developed in the absence of @entity1209 . Consistent with the hypothesis, the severity of @entity1209 was associated with a greater likelihood of LFA development. Problems in defining LFAs under non-experimental conditions are discussed as are the implications of results for the classical conditioning model of @entity1 LFA development.

title: Development of learned food aversions in XXXX : investigation in a "natural laboratory" of @entity5 chemotherapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'Humans']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cancer']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal distress']

entities_list: @entity1209 :: ('MESH:D020250', 'Disease') :: ['Postinfusion nausea and vomiting', 'PNV']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['humans']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity2718 @entity1964 is a potentially fatal disease showing increasing incidence in hospital environment. Therapeutic approach in the management of @entity2718 @entity1964 is highly complex, particularly because of its tendency to relapse and reinfection. The study was aimed at investigating the factors influencing the development of @entity2718 @entity1964 and outcomes of @entity1964 after administration of standard antimicrobial therapy combined with probiotic supplement. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A non-comparative prospective observational study encompassed 42 @entity1 (22 males and 20 females) diagnosed with @entity2718 @entity1964 and treated at the Department of @entity166 in Novi Sad in the period October 2011 - April 2012. RESULTS: Higher incidence of the disease was found in elderly @entity1 (78.6% of them were over 60 years of age), after antimicrobial therapy (83.8%), after hospitalization (83.3%) and in comorbid conditions (85.7%). The clinical picture revealed predominantly mild to moderate symptoms. A good clinical response to the standard antimicrobial therapy ( @entity868 , @entity2176 ) combined with probiotic given for 10 days was observed in all @entity1 , and the improvement in parameters such as the number and appearance of stools, abdominal distension and @entity158 was recorded. Statistically significant changes in laboratory parameters (leukocyte count, C-reactive protein level) were recorded on day 5 after the onset of disease. Recurrent @entity281 after successful therapy was observed in 9.5% of the @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Administration of probiotic bacteria @entity9206 Rosell-52, @entity10263 Rosell-11 and @entity13854 Rosell-175 alongside the standard antimicrobial therapy in the @entity1 with @entity2718 @entity1964 demonstrated positive effects on the severity or clinical picture and normalization of laboratory parameters. Recurrent @entity281 after successful therapy was observed in only a small number of @entity1 as compared with the literature data.

title: [Outcomes of @entity2718 XXXX after administration of antibiotics along with probiotic supplement].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2176 :: ('MESH:D014640', 'Chemical') :: ['vancomycin']

entities_list: @entity868 :: ('MESH:D008795', 'Chemical') :: ['metronidazole']

entities_list: @entity10263 :: ('47715', 'Species') :: ['Lactobacillus rhamnosus']

entities_list: @entity13854 :: ('216816', 'Species') :: ['Bifidobacterium longum']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity9206 :: ('1579', 'Species') :: ['Lactobacillus acidophilus']

entities_list: @entity1964 :: ('MESH:D004760', 'Disease') :: ['enterocolitis']

entities_list: @entity2718 :: ('1496', 'Species') :: ['Clostridium difficile']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['Infectious Diseases']

answer: @entity1964 :: (MESH:D004760,Disease) :: ['enterocolitis']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine which quantitative angiographic variable best describes functional status 6 months after @entity301 . BACKGROUND: Several angiographic restenosis criteria have been developed. These can be divided into those that describe the change in lesion severity and those that merely describe lesion severity at follow-up angiography. The functional significance of these criteria is unknown. METHODS: We studied 350 @entity1 with @entity453 who underwent a single-site balloon dilation. Sensitivity and specificity curves were constructed for the prediction of anginal status and exercise electrocardiography of four quantitative angiographic variables that describe restenosis. The point of highest diagnostic accuracy for the variables was determined at the intersection of the sensitivity and specificity curves. Results of exercise electrocardiography were considered indicative for @entity63 6 months after angioplasty if horizontal or downsloping ST segment @entity308 > or = 1 mm occurred. RESULTS: The points of highest diagnostic accuracy of the angiographic variables were similar for both anginal status and exercise electrocardiography: 1.45 and 1.46 mm for the minimal lumen diameter measurements, 45.5% and 46.5% for the percent diameter stenosis measurements at follow-up, -0.30 and -0.32 mm for change in minimal lumen diameter and -10% and -10% for the change in percent diameter stenosis at follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Angiographic variables reflecting a change in lesion severity at follow-up angiography were only slightly less accurate than variables that describe lesion severity at follow-up. The large study group and the fact that the same optimal values for diagnostic accuracy of the various quantitative angiographic variables were obtained for the prediction of two different markers of @entity63 suggests that these values reflect the lesion severity or increase in lesion severity in major epicardial vessels at which coronary flow reserve is unable to meet myocardial demands.

title: Which angiographic variable best describes functional status 6 months after successful single-vessel XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary balloon angioplasty']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['single-vessel coronary artery disease']

answer: @entity301 :: (MESH:D003327,Disease) :: ['coronary balloon angioplasty']


abstract: The intention of the present study was to characterize @entity1 with central post- @entity64 @entity158 (CPSP) with regard to type and location of the @entity75 ( @entity75 ), the characteristics of the @entity158 and the @entity16 and signs in addition to the @entity158 . Twenty @entity1 and 7 @entity1 with a mean age of 67 years and a mean @entity158 duration of 44 months were examined 9-188 (mean 53) months after their @entity64 . The clinical symptoms and signs and the CT scans indicated that the @entity75 were located in the lower brain-stem in 8 @entity1 , involved the thalamus in 9 @entity1 and were located lateral and superior to the thalamus in 6 @entity1 . In the remaining 4 @entity1 the location of the @entity75 could not be determined with certainty. The 3 identified hematomata were all located in the thalamus. The onset of the @entity158 was immediate in 4 @entity1 , within the first post- @entity64 months in 10 @entity1 and delayed by 1-34 months in the rest. The @entity158 was on the left side in 18 @entity1 . Twenty @entity1 had hemipain. Most @entity1 experienced more than one type of @entity158 . The most common qualities were burning, aching, pricking and lacerating, with some differences in the frequencies according to the location of the @entity75 . Burning @entity158 was most common, except among the @entity1 with thalamic @entity75 , in whom lacerating @entity158 was more common. Aching and pricking @entity158 were also frequent. All @entity1 considered the @entity158 to be a great burden and most rated the @entity158 intensity as high on a visual analogue scale. The intensity was increased by external stimuli, the most common @entity717 , cold and light touch. Five @entity1 reported aggravation by emotional stimuli. Besides @entity158 , the only neurological symptom common to all @entity1 was decreased temperature sensibility, as shown by quantitative methods. It is possible that @entity158 sensibility was also abnormal in all. @entity56 to cutaneous stimuli, including evoked @entity809 were found in 88% of the @entity1 , while the detection thresholds for touch and vibration were abnormal in only 52% and 41%, respectively. Similarly, low figures were found for paresis and @entity2055 , which were present in 48% and 62%, respectively. It is concluded that only a minority of @entity1 with @entity158 after @entity64 have thalamic lesions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: Central post- @entity64 @entity16 and XXXX characteristics.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['CVL', 'cerebrovascular lesion']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological symptoms']

entities_list: @entity809 :: ('MESH:D010292', 'Disease') :: ['dysesthesias']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['Hypersensitivities']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['central pain', 'pain']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['being joint movements']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: @entity3852 ( @entity3852 ) is a rare but aggressive @entity1489 with limited evidence on the role of PET scanning. The primary aim of this study was to assess the impact of @entity419 PET in the staging and management of @entity3852 . METHODS: A single-institution review using clinical outcome data collected until February 2012 was performed of @entity1 with @entity3852 who underwent staging PET scanning between January 1997 and October 2010. Management plans were recorded prospectively at the time of the PET request, and follow-up outcomes were recorded retrospectively. The clinical impact of PET was scored using our previously published criteria: "high" if the PET scan changed the primary treatment modality or intent; "medium" if the treatment modality was unchanged but the radiation therapy technique or dose was altered. The primary objective was to test the hypothesis that the true proportion of @entity1 who have a high- or medium-impact scan would be greater than 25%. RESULTS: The median follow-up of 102 consecutive @entity1 was 4.8 y. The results of staging PET had an impact on @entity1 management in 37% of @entity1 (P < 0.003). High- and medium-impact scans were recorded for 22% and 15% of @entity1 , respectively. PET staging results differed from conventional staging results in 22% of @entity1 , with PET upstaging 17% and downstaging 5%. The 3- and 5-y overall survival was 60% (95% confidence interval, 50%-71%) and 51% (95% confidence interval, 41%-64%), respectively. In stratification by PET-defined stage, the 5-y overall survival was 67% for @entity1 with stage I/II disease but only 31% for @entity1 with @entity5 (log-rank P < 0.001). The 5-y cumulative incidence of locoregional failure, distant failure, and @entity204 was 16.6%, 22.3% and 14.3%, respectively. On multivariate analysis, only PET stage (P < 0.001) and primary treatment modality (P = 0.050) were significantly associated with overall survival. The primary treatment modality was not associated with progression-free survival when stratification was by @entity5 stage. CONCLUSION: The use of @entity419 PET scans had a great impact on @entity1 and may play an important role in the prognostic stratification and treatment of this disease.

title: @entity419 PET provides high-impact and powerful prognostic stratification in the XXXX : a 15-year institutional experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3852 :: ('MESH:D015266', 'Disease') :: ['Merkel cell carcinoma', 'MCC']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'stage III disease']

entities_list: @entity1489 :: ('MESH:D012878', 'Disease') :: ['skin cancer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['staging of Merkel cell carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Brain @entity3 (BM) represent one of the most frequent complications related to @entity5 , and their treatment continues to evolve. We have evaluated the activity, @entity137 and the impact on Quality of Life (QoL) of a concomitant treatment with whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) and @entity2903 ( @entity2904 ) in @entity1 with brain @entity3 from solid @entity5 in a prospective Simon two stage study. METHODS: Fifty-nine @entity1 were enrolled and received 30 Gy WBRT with concomitant @entity2904 (75 mg/m2/day) for ten days, and subsequently @entity2904 (150 mg/m2/day) for up to six cycles. The primary end points were clinical symptoms and radiologic response. RESULTS: Five @entity1 had a complete response, 21 @entity1 had a partial response, while 18 @entity1 had stable disease. The overall response rate (45%) exceeded the target activity per study design. The median time to progression was 9 months. Median overall survival was 13 months. The most frequent @entity137 included grade 3 @entity1398 (15%) and @entity417 (13%), and only one @entity1 developed a grade 4 @entity882 . Age, Karnofsky performance status, presence of extracranial @entity3 and the recursive partitioning analysis (RPA) were found to be predictive factors for response in @entity1 . Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were dependent on age and on the RPA class. CONCLUSION: We conclude that this treatment is well tolerated, with an encouraging objective response rate, and a significant improvement in quality of life (p < 0.0001) demonstrated by FACT-G analysis. All @entity1 answered the questionnaires and described themselves as 'independent' and able to act on their own initiatives. Our study found a high level of satisfaction for QoL, this provides useful information to share with @entity1 in discussions regarding chemotherapy treatment of these lesions.

title: Concomitant treatment of brain metastasis with whole brain radiotherapy [WBRT] and @entity2903 [ XXXX ] is active and improves quality of life.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity2903 :: ('MESH:C047246', 'Chemical') :: ['Temozolomide']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

answer: @entity2904 :: (CHEBI:72564,Chemical) :: ['TMZ']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To examine the associations of leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) and @entity4464 ( @entity4464 ) with the physical and mental dimensions of health-related quality of life (HR-QOL) among @entity1 . METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out in 2009 among 1,263 @entity1 ages 18-59  years living in neighborhoods with low and middle-low socioeconomic status in the urban area of Cali. HR-QOL was assessed using the Short Form 8 (SF-8). LTPA and @entity4464 were measured using the long version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Associations were assessed using linear regression models adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS: Low (10-149  min) and medium-high (at least 150  min) levels of @entity4464 were negatively associated with the mental and physical dimensions of HR-QOL. Low (10-149  min of moderate intensity PA, or 10-74  min of vigorous intensity PA) and medium-high (at least 150 or 75  min of moderate or vigorous intensity PA, respectively) levels of LTPA were positively associated with both dimensions. Significant interactions were observed between education level and perceived safety from traffic. CONCLUSIONS: This study found that @entity4464 and LTPA were associated with HR-QOL both in the physical and mental dimensions; however, the direction and magnitude of the association varied by domain. These results highlight the need to better understand the links between PA and HR-QOL in urban contexts from Latin America.

title: Physical activity and health-related quality of life among adult XXXX in Cali, Colombia: a cross-sectional study.

entities_list: @entity4464 :: ('MESH:D013009', 'Disease') :: ['walking for transportation', 'WT']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: The aim of this paper is to evaluate whether echo-color Doppler diagnostics allows to detect the different evolutionary stages of @entity4065 affecting the cavernous arteries of the penis. 124 @entity1 with @entity323 were examined. All of them were evaluated by andrologic and psychologic anamnesis. An echo-color Doppler examination was performed on cavernous arteries before (basal) and after (dynamic) an injection of @entity5015 (10 micrograms). The penile circulation has been observed for twenty minutes after the injection to detect anomalous collateral vessels of the cavernous arteries. The population was divided into 4 groups according to the basal and dynamic peak systolic velocity (PSV). @entity65 factor incidence in @entity1 with normal basal and dynamic PSV values (group A) and in @entity1 with pathologic basal and dynamic PSV values (group C) is 10% and 44% respectively (p < 0.002). @entity74 in group A and C is 41% and 26% respectively (p < 0.05). @entity1 with pathologic basal PSV and normal dynamic PSV (group B) show an intermediate (26%) incidence of @entity65 as compared to A and C. Anomalous side branches are equally represented @entity38594 (41% and 38%) and to a lesser extent in C (26%). Based on anamnestic and instrumental data, Group B ranges at an intermediate position between A and C. In this group, the presence of incipient @entity4065 affecting the penile circulation may be suspected. The ability to detect @entity1 with @entity455 still at a subclinical stage, as it already happens for other organs, would allow a prompt therapeutic action.

title: [Doppler color ultrasonography in the diagnosis of XXXX of vascular origin].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity323 :: ('MESH:D007172', 'Disease') :: ['erectile deficiency']

entities_list: @entity4065 :: ('MESH:C537440', 'Disease') :: ['arteriopathy']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular diseases']

entities_list: @entity5015 :: ('MESH:D000527', 'Chemical') :: ['Prostaglandin E1']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['Psychologic disorder']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disorders', 'Cardiovascular risk']

answer: @entity323 :: (MESH:D007172,Disease) :: ['erectile dysfunction']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity9808 ( @entity9808 ) is a promising noninvasive brain stimulation intervention. @entity9808 has been proposed for @entity3119 ( @entity3119 ) with auspicious results. OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of @entity9808 for @entity3119 in @entity922 ( @entity922 ). METHODS: Systematic review using MEDLINE and EMBASE from the first RCT available until @entity29804 , 2016. The main outcome was the Hedges g for continuous scores for Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale in a random-effects model. Heterogeneity was evaluated with the I and the    test. Publication bias was evaluated using the Begg funnel plot. Metaregression was performed using the random-effects model modified by Knapp and Hartung. RESULTS: We included 15 @entity922 (n = 483), most had small-to-modest sample sizes. Comparing active versus sham @entity9808 , active stimulation was significantly superior for @entity3119 symptoms (Hedges g = 0.45; 95% confidence interval, 0.2-0.71). The funnel plot showed that the risk of publication bias was low and between-study heterogeneity was low (I = 43%, P = 0.039 for the    test). Metaregression showed no particular influence of any variable on the results. CONCLUSIONS: @entity9808 active was superior to sham stimulation for the amelioration of @entity3119 symptoms. Trials had moderate heterogeneity results, despite different protocols of stimulation used. Further @entity922 with larger sample sizes are fundamentally needed to clarify the precise impact of @entity9808 in @entity3119 symptoms.

title: Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for XXXX : An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity9808 :: ('MESH:C536917', 'Disease') :: ['TMS', 'Transcranial magnetic stimulation']

entities_list: @entity3119 :: ('MESH:D009771', 'Disease') :: ['obsessive-compulsive disorder', 'OCD']

entities_list: @entity922 :: ('MESH:D013568', 'Disease') :: ['randomized clinical trials', 'RCTs']

answer: @entity3119 :: (MESH:D009771,Disease) :: ['Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder']


abstract: Our retrospective study analyzes efficacy of treatment techniques we used for the reduction of @entity174 . A sample of 67 individuals is evaluated, 50 males and 17 females, and treated for a @entity174 from December 2003 to June 2008. The mean age is 46 (range 22-72). 35 @entity1 were treated with cannulated screws alone, 21 were treated with plates alone, and 11 were treated with both plates and bone substitutes. All @entity1 were clinically and radiographically followed up for an average time of 36.4 months (SD = 17.4; range 24-72). Data about @entity1 sourced from the analysis of SF36, WOMAC and the Rasmussen score. @entity1 were divided into 4 groups and 2 subgroups, according to the synthesis method used and the severity of the @entity174 . The control group includes the @entity1 diagnosed with a low-energy @entity174 treated with screws alone. The median of the total score of Rasmussen functional grading system resulted to be equal to 26; compared with the control group, there is strong relationship between the use of plates alone and the risk of obtaining a clinically less effective result (O.R. = 5.48; p = 0.003) even more when comparing Schatzker type IV, V, and VI (O.R. = 13; p = 0.0073). Radiographic evaluation shows less efficacy of bone substitute to reduce articular step-off. With regard to the SF36, @entity1 treated with plate alone have been awarded the lowest score. The treatment of the most severe @entity174 of tibial plateau by means of internal fixation with plates can be improved with the use of bone substitutes.

title: Risk analysis in XXXX : association between severity, treatment and clinical outcome.

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'tibial plateau fracture', 'fracture']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['tibial plateau fractures']


abstract: @entity505 capture and storage is a promising strategy for mitigating the @entity515 contribution to global climate change. The large scale implementation of the technology mandates better understanding of the risks associated with @entity515 injection into geologic formations and the subsequent interactions with groundwater resources. The injected supercritical @entity515 (sc- @entity515 ) is a nonpolar solvent that can potentially mobilize organic compounds that exist at residual saturation in the formation. Here, we review the partitioning behavior of selected organic compounds typically found in depleted oil reservoirs in the residual oil-brine-sc- @entity515 system under @entity505 storage conditions. The solubility of pure phase organic compounds in sc- @entity515 and partitioning of organic compounds between water and sc- @entity515 follow trends predicted based on thermodynamics. Compounds with high volatility and low aqueous solubility have the highest potential to partition to sc- @entity515 . The partitioning of low volatility compounds to sc- @entity515 can be enhanced by cosolvency due to the presence of higher volatility compounds in the sc- @entity515 . The effect of temperature, pressure, salinity, pH, and dissolution of water molecules into sc- @entity515 on the partitioning behavior of organic compounds in the residual oil-brine-sc- @entity515 system is discussed. Data gaps and research needs for models to predict the partitioning of organic compounds in brines and from complex mixtures of oils are presented. Models need to be able to better incorporate the effect of salinity and cosolvency, which will require more experimental data from key classes of organic compounds.

title: Partitioning behavior of organic contaminants in XXXX storage environments: a critical review.

entities_list: @entity505 :: ('MESH:D002244', 'Chemical') :: ['carbon', 'Carbon']

answer: @entity505 :: (MESH:D002244,Chemical) :: ['carbon']


abstract: Clinical, microscopic, and immunohistochemical characteristics of 17 jaw @entity242 are reported. Histologic subtypes included chondroblastic (five), fibroblastic (five), osteoblastic (three), telangiectatic (one), parosteal (two), and @entity511 (one). Reactivity for all antigenic markers in decalcified tissue was judged to be comparable to nondecalcified tissue. All @entity5 were nonreactive for muramidase and leukocyte common antigen. alpha-1 Antichymotrypsin and HLA-DR immunoreactivity was found focally. Positive @entity2281 staining was found predominantly in chondrocytes. All @entity5 were positive for @entity2277 . Cells in focal zones of cartilage were positive for keratin. No distinctive pattern emerged relative to clinical recurrence and histologic subtype or immunotype. Leukocyte common antigen determinations were useful because they distinguished between neoplastic and inflammatory cells. @entity2281 protein stains helped in the subclassification of @entity421 , and @entity2277 stains confirmed mesenchymal origin. Cross-reactive staining of cartilage with keratin antibodies was regarded as a possible diagnostic pitfall.

title: XXXX and @entity511 of the jaws: immunohistochemical correlations.

entities_list: @entity511 :: ('MESH:D002813', 'Disease') :: ['chondrosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity242 :: ('MESH:D012509', 'Disease') :: ['sarcomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplasms', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity421 :: ('MESH:D012516', 'Disease') :: ['chondroblastic osteosarcoma']

answer: @entity421 :: (MESH:D012516,Disease) :: ['Osteosarcomas']


abstract: CONTEXT: @entity4082 and insulin sensitizers such as @entity2449 are used to induce ovulation in @entity3610 ( @entity3610 ), but the ovulatory response is variable, and the causes of this variation are poorly understood. OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to identify predictive genetic polymorphisms and other determinants of ovulatory response. DESIGN: This was a substudy of a multicenter randomized clinical trial. SETTING: This study was performed at academic medical centers and their affiliates. @entity1 : A total of 312 @entity1 with @entity3610 were included in the study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Historical, biometric, biochemical, and genetic parameters were performed. RESULTS: We found that the C allele of a single nucleotide polymorphism in the @entity2839 gene (expressed in liver; also known as @entity2839 ) was associated with a significantly decreased chance of ovulation in @entity3610 @entity1 treated with @entity2449 . In an analysis of ovulation per cycle, the adjusted odds ratio (OR) comparing the C/C genotype to the G/G genotype was 0.30 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.14, 0.66], and the OR for the C/G genotype vs. the G/G genotype was also 0.30 (95% CI 0.14, 0.66). In an analysis of @entity2449 -treated subjects, we found that the percentage of @entity1 who ovulated increased with the number of G alleles present: 48% (10 of 21) of C/C @entity1 , 67% (32 of 48) of C/G @entity1 , and 79% (15 of 19) of G/G @entity1 ovulated. We also found that increased frequency of ovulation was associated with lower body mass index (BMI) [adjusted OR of 2.36 (95% CI 1.65, 3.36) and 2.05 (95% CI 1.46, 2.88), respectively, for comparisons of BMI less than 30 vs. BMI equal to or more than 35, BMI 30-34 vs. BMI equal to or more than 35, in the analysis of ovulation per cycle], a lower free @entity342 index (FAI) [adjusted OR of 1.59 (95% CI 1.17, 2.18) for FAI<10 vs. FAI>or=10], and a shorter duration of attempting conception [adjusted OR of 1.63 (95% CI 1.20, 2.21) for<1.5 vs.>or=1.5 yr]. CONCLUSIONS: We have demonstrated that a polymorphism in @entity2839 , a kinase gene expressed in liver and implicated in @entity2449 action, is associated with ovulatory response to treatment with @entity2449 alone in a prospective randomized trial. The interaction with the effects of changes in modifiable factors (e.g. BMI or FAI) requires further study.

title: Ovulatory response to treatment of XXXX is associated with a polymorphism in the @entity2839 gene.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity3610 :: ('MESH:D011085', 'Disease') :: ['polycystic ovary syndrome', 'PCOS']

entities_list: @entity4082 :: ('MESH:D002996', 'Chemical') :: ['Clomiphene']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen']

entities_list: @entity2449 :: ('MESH:D008687', 'Chemical') :: ['metformin']

answer: @entity3610 :: (MESH:D011085,Disease) :: ['polycystic ovary syndrome']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety and effectively of @entity1 @entity556 after tonsillectomy. METHOD: This was a prospective, randomized and controlled clinical trial. 80 cases of both tonsillectomies were divided into study group and control group. We evaluated the hemostatic role in study group: @entity1 @entity556 has been insufflated locally in right side; physiological saline was in lift side. Observed the effects on the hemostatic time, @entity548 volume and @entity548 volume per square unit. RESULT: After two sides received different drugs in both tonsillectomies, in study group and control group, the average hemostatic time was (62.8 +/- 24.6) S and (94.7 +/- 36.9) S, the @entity548 volume was (4.9 +/- 6.7) g and (7.3 +/- 13.4) g, the @entity548 volume per square unit was (0.79 +/- 0.98) g/cm and (1.14 +/- 1.95) g x cm(-2), respectively. Two sides had the significant difference (P < 0.05). During the study, no adverse event was reported in two groups. The index of HBsAg, @entity645 , @entity3531 and Syphilis in study group (10 cases) were not abnormalities after the @entity556 had been insufflated 3 months. CONCLUSION: @entity1 @entity556 had the better hemostatic role and security on the @entity548 of @entity2478 wound.

title: [Study the safety and effectively of XXXX @entity556 after tonsillectomy].

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhagic', 'hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity2478 :: ('MESH:D019559', 'Disease') :: ['capillary of tonsillectomy']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: @entity1 suffering from @entity1662 still present a diagnostic challenge due to the fact that their assessment is mainly based on behavioral scales with their motor responses often being strongly impaired. We therefore focused on resting electroencephalography (EEG) in order to reveal potential alternative measures of the @entity1 's current state independent of rather complex abilities (e.g., language comprehension). Resting EEG was recorded in nine minimally conscious state (MCS) and eight vegetative state/unresponsive @entity1442 (VS/UWS) @entity1 . Behavioral assessments were conducted using the Coma-Recovery Scale-Revised (CRS-R). The signal was analyzed in the frequency domain and association between resting EEG and CRS-R score as well as clinical diagnosis were calculated using Pearson correlation and repeated-measures ANOVAs. The analyses revealed robust positive correlations between CRS-R score and ratios between frequencies above 8 Hz and frequencies below 8 Hz. Furthermore, the frequency of the spectral peak was also highly indicative of the @entity1 's CRS-R score. Concerning differences between clinical diagnosis and healthy controls, it could be revealed that while VS/UWS @entity1 showed higher delta and theta activity than controls, MCS did not differ from controls in this frequency range. Alpha activity, on the other hand, was strongly decreased in both @entity1 groups as compared to controls. The strong relationship between various resting EEG parameters and CRS-R score provides significant clinical relevance. Not only is resting activity easily acquired at bedside, but furthermore, it does not depend on explicit cooperation of the @entity1 . Especially in cases where behavioral assessment is difficult or ambiguous, spectral analysis of resting EEG can therefore complement clinical diagnosis.

title: CRS-R score in XXXX is strongly related to spectral EEG at rest.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1662 :: ('MESH:D003244', 'Disease') :: ['disorders of consciousness']

entities_list: @entity1442 :: ('MESH:D020178', 'Disease') :: ['wakefulness syndrome']

answer: @entity1662 :: (MESH:D003244,Disease) :: ['disorders of consciousness']


abstract: @entity788 is a rare @entity5 with a very poor outcome. Even with surgery, 5-year overall survival is less than 10%, due to the propensity of the disease for local and systemic recurrence. Adjuvant chemoradiotherapy and systemic chemotherapy were assessed in prospective trials in order to improve disease control and @entity1 ' prognosis. However, due to the difficulty of performing prospective trials in a rare disease; to the progress in surgical and radiotherapic techniques; and to the availability of novel anti- @entity5 agents, the existing information on the best possible management of @entity1 with resectable disease is limited and becomes rapidly obsolete. Accordingly and also due to some contradictory findings from randomized trials, the topic of optimal adjuvant therapy for this disease encompasses several areas of controversy. The present review reports the main opinions on the role of adjuvant chemoradiotherapy, adjuvant chemotherapy, best single agent, and combination chemotherapy. Data from randomized trials are presented and critically analyzed to identify the available evidence supporting the different therapeutic choices and the main methodological drawbacks hampering the proper interpretation of results. Single agent chemotherapy yields a clinically significant, albeit modest, improvement in overall survival and may represent a standard option. The role of combination chemotherapy warrants further investigation and the impact of adjuvant chemoradiation both on local control and on the final outcome is uncertain. The need for more active and effective systemic treatments, for a better knowledge of the disease biology, for new therapeutic agents and predictors of pattern of recurrence is evident.

title: Evidences and opinions for adjuvant therapy in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'tumor']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['Pancreatic adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatic cancer']


abstract: A phase II study was performed to investigate the tolerance and efficacy of the combination of @entity1205 ( @entity1205 ; Rh  ne-Poulenc Rorer, Antony, France) and @entity136 in chemotherapy-naive @entity1 with advanced @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ). To date, 24 @entity1 (five with stage IIIB and 19 with stage IV @entity1149 ) have been treated according to the protocol: @entity136 900 mg/m2 was administered on days 1 and 8 as a 30-minute infusion and @entity1205 100 mg/m2 was administered on day 8 as a 1-hour infusion after appropriate premedication. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor 150 microg/m2 subcutaneously was given on days 9 to 15. Treatment was repeated every 3 weeks. Grade 3/4 @entity3028 occurred in seven (29%) @entity1 , and one (4%) of these @entity1 developed @entity1398 . Grade 3/4 @entity882 and @entity417 were observed in three (13%) and one (4%) @entity1 , respectively. Grade 2 @entity2359 and @entity1295 occurred in one (4%) @entity1 each. Other @entity137 were mild. There were no treatment-related @entity204 . Eight @entity1 experienced a partial response (53.3%; 95% confidence interval, 28.1% to 78.6%), and stable and progressive disease were documented in two (13%) and five (33%) @entity1 , respectively. The median delivered dose was 600 mg/m2/wk and 33 mg/m2/wk for @entity136 and @entity1205 , respectively. These preliminary data suggest that the @entity1205 / @entity136 combination has significant antitumor activity and is well tolerated in chemotherapy-naive @entity1 with @entity1149 . The study is ongoing.

title: XXXX (Taxotere) and @entity136 in the treatment of @entity1149 : preliminary results.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity1205 :: ('MESH:C067311', 'Chemical') :: ['docetaxel', 'Taxotere']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['febrile neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity3028 :: ('MESH:D000380', 'Disease') :: ['granulocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['gemcitabine']

entities_list: @entity2359 :: ('MESH:D020258', 'Disease') :: ['neurotoxicity']

answer: @entity1205 :: (MESH:C067311,Chemical) :: ['Docetaxel']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical effect of @entity546 with @entity542 . METHODS: The first annular incision line was designed, reserving the inner plate 0.5 -0.8 cm. The second annular incision line was determined, according to the length of penile erection. The skin tissue between the double loops was stripped, reserving the superficial fascia and the superficial dorsal veins. Before the closure of two annual incision with no tension, the superficial fascia tissue was pushed proximally and fixed sectionally to augment penis. RESULTS: From @entity1178 2009 to @entity1178 2011, 60 @entity1 with redundant prepuce or @entity5372 were treated with this method. During 3 to 12 months follow-up, the postoperative penile perimeter increased significantly. The glans were exposed and the prepuce looked smooth. The function of the penis maintained undamaged. CONCLUSIONS: The @entity546 with @entity542 can make full use of autologous tissue to augment penis, meanwhile, redundant prepuce can be resected. It is very practical for clinical application.

title: [Clinical experience of @entity546 with XXXX : a report of 60 cases].

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['superficial fascia retrocession']

entities_list: @entity546 :: ('MESH:D004414', 'Disease') :: ['penile augmentation']

answer: @entity542 :: (MESH:D006259,Disease) :: ['superficial fascia retrocession']


abstract: Perinatal @entity172 exposure elicits a wide range of abnormalities in the female genital tract. Since angiogenesis is essential for morphogenesis, we investigated the vascular density, integrity of vasculatures, and expression of angiogenic factors and their receptors in the uteri of @entity19 treated with @entity4742 ( @entity4743 ) neonatally ( @entity4743 - @entity19 ); the uteri were collected from Day 4 to Day 20. @entity4743 treatment reduced the number and density of vasculatures immunostained with @entity5231 (platelet and endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1) in the stroma. Horseradish peroxidase injected into the left ventricle leaked into the endometrium and myometrium on Day 10 in the @entity4743 - @entity19 but not in the controls. Electron microscopy confirmed the immaturity of the capillaries, which had an incomplete basal lamina and fewer pericytes. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that @entity1611 ( @entity1611 ) expression and @entity2326 ( @entity2326 ) expression were down-regulated in the stromal cells until Days 20 and 10, respectively. The number of vasculatures with @entity14804 immunoreaction was reduced in the @entity4743 - @entity19 . @entity4743 treatment suppressed the expression of @entity11132 ( @entity11132 ) and the co-receptor @entity21028 ( @entity21028 ) as well as TEI2 in the vasculatures. The results of RT-PCR and Western blotting supported the down-regulation of the expression of angiogenic factors and their receptors in @entity4743 - @entity19 , whereas the @entity9842 protein expression was up-regulated. These results suggested that the low concentration of angiogenic factors in the stroma was primarily responsible for the low vascular density in the stroma of the @entity4743 - @entity19 , and that the low vascular density and immature vasculatures resulted in uterine @entity600 .

title: Mechanisms of angiogenic suppression in uteri exposed to XXXX neonatally in the @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['malformations']

entities_list: @entity1611 :: ('22339(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['VEGFA', 'vascular endothelial growth factor A']

entities_list: @entity4742 :: ('MESH:D004054', 'Chemical') :: ['diethylstilbestrol']

answer: @entity4742 :: (MESH:D004054,Chemical) :: ['diethylstilbestrol']


abstract: Spontaneous @entity9600 studied in 18 @entity7547 ( @entity7547 ) and six @entity7928 salamanders (Ambystoma tigrinum) were gray-white, uni- to multilobular cutaneous protrusions from 2 mm to 2 cm in diameter. @entity5 were moderately cellular unencapsulated masses that usually infiltrated the dermis and hypodermis with the destruction of intervening tissues. Some @entity5 were invading superficial bundles of the underlying skeletal muscle. @entity5 consisted of mitotically active cells derived from a single lineage but showing a range of differentiation. Immature cells had nearly smooth to lightly cleft or folded basophilic nuclei bordered by a band of cytoplasm with few cytoplasmic processes and containing a few small uniform eccentric granules. Mature cells had basophilic nuclei with deep clefts or folds and abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm with multiple long intertwining cytoplasmic extensions packed with metachromatic granules. The @entity7547 were old individuals from an inbred laboratory colony. The @entity7928 salamanders were wild animals from a single polluted pond. They could have been old and inbred. Both groups were neotenic. These are the first @entity9600 discovered in cold-blooded animals.

title: XXXX in the neotenic caudate amphibians @entity7547 ( @entity7547 ) and Ambystoma tigrinum ( @entity7928 salamander).

entities_list: @entity7547 :: ('8296', 'Species') :: ['Ambystoma mexicanum', 'axolotls']

entities_list: @entity9600 :: ('MESH:D034801', 'Disease') :: ['mastocytomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Tumors', 'tumors']

answer: @entity9600 :: (MESH:D034801,Disease) :: ['Cutaneous mastocytomas']


abstract: Mycoplasmas cause numerous @entity1 diseases and are common opportunistic pathogens in @entity5 @entity1 and immunocompromised individuals. @entity9463 elicits various host immune responses. Here we demonstrate that @entity9463 -infected @entity5 cells release exosomes (myco+ exosomes) that specifically activate splenic B cells and induce splenocytes cytokine production. Induction of cytokines, including the proinflammatory @entity379 and the anti-inflammatory @entity688 , was largely dependent on the presence of B cells. B cells were the major @entity688 producers. In splenocytes from B cell deficient  MT @entity19 , induction of @entity379 + T cells by myco+ exosomes was greatly increased compared with wild type splenocytes. In addition, anti-CD3-stimulated T cell proliferation was greatly inhibited in the presence of myco+ exosome-treated B cells. Also, anti-CD3-stimulated T cell signaling was impaired by myco+ exosome treatment. Proteomic analysis identified @entity9463 proteins in exosomes that potentially contribute to the effects. Our results demonstrate that @entity9463 -infected @entity5 cells release exosomes carrying @entity9463 components that preferentially activate B cells, which in turn, are able to inhibit T cell activity. These results suggest that mycoplasmas infecting @entity5 cells can exploit the exosome pathway to disseminate their own components and modulate the activity of immune cells, in particular, activate B cells with inhibitory activity.

title: Exosomes released from Mycoplasma infected XXXX cells activate inhibitory B cells.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity9463 :: ('MESH:D009175', 'Disease') :: ['mycoplasma', 'Mycoplasma infection']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumor']


abstract: Soft-tissue @entity242 spread predominantly to the lung and it is unclear how often FDG-PET scans will detect @entity3 not already obvious by chest CT scan or clinical examination. Adult limb and body wall soft-tissue @entity242 cases were identified retrospectively. @entity2828 , @entity980 , @entity677 , @entity765 , @entity5 , @entity3478 , and @entity242 were excluded as were @entity1 imaged for followup, response assessment, or recurrence. All @entity1 had a diagnostic chest CT scan. 109 @entity1 met these criteria, 87% of which had intermediate or high-grade @entity5 . The most common pathological diagnoses were @entity1822 (17%), @entity1821 (17%), and undifferentiated or @entity242 (16%). 98% of previously unresected @entity5 were FDG avid. PET scans were negative for distant disease in 91/109 cases. The negative predictive value was 89%. Fourteen PET scans were positive. Of these, 6 @entity1 were already known to have @entity3 , 3 were false positives, and 5 represented new findings of @entity3 (positive predictive value 79%). In total, 5 @entity1 were upstaged by FDG-PET (4.5%). Although PET scans may be of use in specific circumstances, routine use of FDG PET imaging as part of the initial staging of soft-tissue @entity242 was unlikely to alter management in our series.

title: FDG PET/CT in Initial Staging of Adult Soft-Tissue XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2828 :: ('MESH:D012512', 'Disease') :: ["Ewing's sarcoma"]

entities_list: @entity242 :: ('MESH:D012509', 'Disease') :: ['sarcoma', 'sarcomas', 'retroperitoneal sarcomas', 'pleomorphic sarcoma']

entities_list: @entity3478 :: ('MESH:D001859', 'Disease') :: ['bone tumors']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors', 'visceral tumors', 'primary tumors']

entities_list: @entity765 :: ('MESH:D018222', 'Disease') :: ['desmoid tumors']

entities_list: @entity1822 :: ('MESH:D007890', 'Disease') :: ['leiomyosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'metastases']

entities_list: @entity980 :: ('MESH:D012208', 'Disease') :: ['rhabdomyosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity1821 :: ('MESH:D008080', 'Disease') :: ['liposarcoma']

answer: @entity242 :: (MESH:D012509,Disease) :: ['Sarcoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Management of @entity1 with severe @entity14784 ( @entity14784 ) remains controversial. In settings where laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) can be technically challenging or medical risks are exceedingly high, surgeons can choose between different options, including LC conversion to open cholecystectomy or surgical @entity5274 ( @entity5274 ) placement, or initial percutaneous @entity5274 . We reviewed our experience treating complicated @entity14784 with @entity5274 at a tertiary-care academic medical center. STUDY DESIGN: All adult @entity1 (n = 185) admitted with a primary diagnosis of @entity14784 and who received @entity5274 from 2002 to 2010 were identified retrospectively through billing and diagnosis codes. RESULTS: Mean @entity1 age was 71 years and 80% had >= 1 comorbidity (mean 2.6). Seventy-eight percent of CCTs were percutaneous @entity5274 placement and 22% were surgical @entity5274 placement. Median length of stay from @entity5274 insertion to discharge was 4 days. The majority (57%) of @entity1 eventually underwent cholecystectomy performed by 20 different surgeons in a median of 63 days post- @entity5274 (range 3 to 1,055 days); of these, 86% underwent LC and 13% underwent open conversion or open cholecystectomy. In the radiology and surgical group, 50% and 80% underwent subsequent cholecystectomy, respectively, at a median of 63 and 60 days post- @entity5274 . Whether surgical or percutaneous @entity5274 placement, approximately the same proportion of @entity1 (85% to 86%) underwent LC as definitive treatment. CONCLUSIONS: This 9-year experience shows that use of @entity5274 in complicated @entity14784 can be a desirable alternative to open cholecystectomy that allows most @entity1 to subsequently undergo LC. Additional studies are underway to determine the differences in cost, training paradigms, and quality of life in this increasingly high-risk surgical population.

title: Use of cholecystostomy tubes in the management of @entity1 with primary diagnosis of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5274 :: ('MESH:D005184', 'Disease') :: ['CCT', 'cholecystostomy tube']

entities_list: @entity14784 :: ('MESH:D041881', 'Disease') :: ['acute cholecystitis', 'AC']

answer: @entity14784 :: (MESH:D041881,Disease) :: ['acute cholecystitis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Information on outcome of @entity1 with long superficial femoral artery (SFA) obstruction undergoing endovascular treatment is scarce. The present study reports results from a prospective multicenter registry designed to evaluate the safety, effectiveness, and patency of the aSpire self-expanding @entity736 covered stent (Vascular Architects Inc, San Jose, @entity2948 ) in @entity1 with @entity432 . METHOD: The aSpire Registry included 150 @entity1 (166 limbs) enrolled in 16 centers during a 28-month period (2003 to 2005) for medium/long (>3 cm) occlusion (n = 115) or @entity850 (n = 51) of the SFA (n = 51) or of the proximal popliteal (n = 115) arteries. Procedures were performed for intermittent claudication in 92, for @entity158 in 33, and for limb savage in 41. The mean length of arterial segment covered was 107.35 +/- 73.7 mm. Indications for treatment included 44 type B1, 57 type B2, 47 type C1, and 18 type D lesions according to TransAtlantic Inter-Society Consensus classification. Clinical and ultrasound evaluation was performed at discharge and at 1, 6, 12 months, and yearly thereafter. Mean follow-up was 13 months (range, 1 to 36). Primary end points were immediate technical success (vessel recanalization with residual @entity850 < or =30%) and stent patency. RESULTS: Initial technical success was obtained in 162 (97.6%) of 166 procedures. More than one stent was applied in 48 procedures, for a total of 214 stents. No periprocedural @entity204 occurred. Procedure-related complications occurred in 22 of 166 procedures, including 6 peripheral embolizations, 7 @entity715 , 2 @entity548 requiring revision, 1 vessel rupture, and 6 vessel dissections. Life-table estimates of primary patency at 12, 24, and 36 months were 64%, 59%, and 59%, respectively. Thirty-two reinterventions were performed during follow-up, resulting in secondary patency rates at 12, 24, and 36 months of 74.2%, 67%, and 67%, respectively. Amputation was required in six of 41 @entity1 treated for limb salvage. At multivariate analysis, @entity63 was the only significant predictor of late failure. CONCLUSION: Endovascular treatment of SFA occlusive lesions provides interesting results. @entity75 and clinical symptoms influence negatively the patency. The aSpire covered stent showed good mid-term results, but a number of reinterventions were necessary to obtain an optimal secondary patency. Risk of patency failure was related to @entity63 as an indication for the procedure. Technologic and pharmacologic improvement and longer follow-up are needed to define the indications for the aSpire stent.

title: Endovascular treatment of long lesions of the superficial femoral artery: results from a multicenter registry of a spiral, covered XXXX stent.

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhages']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['critical limb ischemia']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['Length of lesion']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['rest pain']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['femoropopliteal occlusive disease']

entities_list: @entity736 :: ('CHEBI:53251', 'Chemical') :: ['polytetrafluoroethylene']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thromboses']

answer: @entity736 :: (CHEBI:53251,Chemical) :: ['polytetrafluoroethylene']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Upper extremity @entity130 account for a large proportion of attendances to the Emergency Department. The aim of this study was to assess population-based trends in the incidence of @entity130 in the Dutch population between 1986 and 2008, and to give a detailed overview of the associated health care costs. METHODS: Age-standardized incidence rates of @entity130 were calculated for each year between 1986 and 2008. The average number of @entity1 in each of the 5-year age classes for each year of the study was calculated and used as the standard (reference) population. Injury cases were extracted from the National Injury Surveillance System (non-hospitalized @entity1 ) and the National Medical Registration (hospitalized @entity1 ). An incidence-based cost model was applied in order to estimate associated direct health care costs in 2007. RESULTS: The overall age-adjusted incidence of @entity130 increased from 970 to 1,098 per 100,000 @entity1 (13%). The highest incidence was seen in young @entity1 and elderly @entity1 . Total annual costs for all @entity130 were 290 million @entity7634 , of which 190 million @entity7634 were paid for @entity130 sustained by @entity1 . Wrist @entity174 were the most expensive @entity130 (83 million @entity7634 ) due to high incidence, whereas @entity174 were the most expensive @entity130 per case (4,440 @entity7634 ). Major cost peaks were observed for @entity174 in elderly @entity1 due to high incidence and costs per @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: The overall incidence of @entity130 in the Netherlands increased by 13% in the period 1986-2008. Females with upper extremity @entity174 and especially elderly @entity1 with wrist @entity174 accounted for a substantial share of total costs.

title: Trends in incidence and costs of XXXX to the shoulder, arm and wrist in The Netherlands between 1986 and 2008.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'people', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'upper arm fractures']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['upper extremity injury', 'injuries', 'upper extremity injuries']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['injuries']


abstract: Biopsy of the liver is an important diagnostic procedure. The procedure is invasive and may be @entity158 for @entity1 . Sedative drugs are not used because the associated drop in blood pressure mimics @entity548 , a major complication of the procedure. Cognitive and behavioural techniques have been used to decrease stress in @entity1 undergoing other medical procedures. In the present study, it is postulated that providing procedural and sensory information may reduce @entity1 @entity148 levels. @entity1 coping styles were evaluated and @entity148 and @entity158 levels were assessed by using a visual analogue scale. Subjects were randomly assigned to one of two groups. The control group received basic information about the procedure. The experimental group received the same basic information followed by more detailed educational information. Subjects also filled out the Krantz Health Opinion Survey, a short questionnaire used to classify coping styles as either information-seeking or information-avoiding. Seventy-five subjects (38 control and 37 experimental) with similar demographics were included in the present study. No significant differences were found in @entity148 levels or @entity158 levels 30 min and 6 h post-biopsy. There was also no significant difference between groups once coping style was added into the analysis. The study failed to show any advantage in providing additional information to subjects before liver biopsy, regardless of coping style.

title: The effect of information level and coping style on XXXX and @entity148 in needle liver biopsy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'painful']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Morgellons is a poorly characterized constellation of symptoms, with the primary manifestations involving the skin. We conducted an investigation of this unexplained @entity3431 to characterize the clinical and epidemiologic features and explore potential etiologies. METHODS: A descriptive study was conducted among @entity1 at least 13 years of age and enrolled in Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC) during 2006-2008. A case was defined as the self-reported emergence of fibers or materials from the skin accompanied by @entity272 and/or disturbing skin sensations. We collected detailed epidemiologic data, performed clinical evaluations and geospatial analyses and analyzed materials collected from @entity1 ' skin. RESULTS: We identified 115 case- @entity1 . The prevalence was 3.65 (95% CI=2.98, 4.40) cases per 100,000 enrollees. There was no clustering of cases within the 13-county KPNC catchment area (p=.113). Case- @entity1 had a median age of 52 years (range: 17-93) and were primarily female (77%) and Caucasian (77%). @entity262 were common; 70% reported chronic @entity1295 and 54% rated their overall health as fair or poor with mean Physical Component Scores and Mental Component Scores of 36.63 (SD=12.9) and 35.45 (SD=12.89), respectively. @entity73 were detected in 59% of case- @entity1 and 63% had evidence of clinically significant somatic complaints; 50% had drugs detected in hair samples and 78% reported exposure to solvents. @entity2652 was the most common histopathologic abnormality (51% of biopsies); @entity272 were most consistent with arthropod bites or chronic excoriations. No parasites or mycobacteria were detected. Most materials collected from @entity1 ' skin were composed of cellulose, likely of @entity2708 origin. CONCLUSIONS: This unexplained @entity3431 was rare among this population of Northern California residents, but associated with significantly reduced health-related quality of life. No common underlying medical condition or infectious source was identified, similar to more commonly recognized conditions such as @entity4750 .

title: Clinical, epidemiologic, histopathologic and molecular features of an unexplained XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity4750 :: ('MESH:D012563', 'Disease') :: ['delusional infestation']

entities_list: @entity2652 :: ('MESH:D005148', 'Disease') :: ['Solar elastosis']

entities_list: @entity3431 :: ('MESH:C536920', 'Disease') :: ['dermopathy']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['Cognitive deficits']

entities_list: @entity262 :: ('MESH:D034721', 'Disease') :: ['Multi-system complaints']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin lesions']

answer: @entity3431 :: (MESH:C536920,Disease) :: ['dermopathy']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity82 are divided into two subgroups: malignant and @entity3074 ( @entity3074 ). @entity13634 is one of the most common @entity5 of the superficial and deep soft tissues; it is commonly found on the skin and presents as a slow-growing solitary nodule made up of a mixture of fibroblastic and histiocytic cells. PRESENTATION OF CASE: In this study, we present the case of a 45-year-old female who was histopathologically diagnosed with @entity241 ( @entity241 ) and received radiotherapy, but whose diagnosis was changed to @entity13634 based on subsequent immunohistochemical analyses. DISCUSSION: @entity13634 is a mesenchymal soft-tissue @entity5 with fibroblastic and histiocytic differentiation. Differential diagnosis for @entity13634 found in deeper tissues includes other @entity146 fibrohistiocytic lesions, such as @entity241 and @entity1418 . Differentiating among these @entity5 is crucial in selecting the correct surgical strategy and @entity1 management in the postoperative period. In most cases, the pleomorphism and atypical mitotic activity seen histopathologically are sufficient for the differentiation between benign and @entity5 . Immunohistochemical staining methods should be used in cases that are difficult to diagnose. The treatment of choice for @entity13634 is wide resection of the @entity5 , which results in an excellent prognosis and low recurrence rate. In agreement with cases reported in the literature, our case confirms that wide excision is adequate to prevent the recurrence of the @entity5 . CONCLUSION: Although @entity3074 is rare, it must be considered in the differential diagnosis of @entity5 arising from the soft-tissue.

title: XXXX arising from the right shoulder: Is immunohistochemical staining always required for a definitive diagnosis?

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['Fibrous histiocytomas']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'malignant tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1418 :: ('MESH:D051677', 'Disease') :: ['malignant fibrous histiocytoma']

entities_list: @entity241 :: ('MESH:D018223', 'Disease') :: ['dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans', 'DFSP']

entities_list: @entity3074 :: ('MESH:D018219', 'Disease') :: ['benign fibrous histiocytomas', 'BFHs']

answer: @entity3074 :: (MESH:D018219,Disease) :: ['Benign fibrous histiocytoma']