abstract: STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective review. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical outcomes in adolescents diagnosed with @entity1643 and @entity912 and to evaluate the efficacy of differential diagnosis methods. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: The incidence of @entity1643 in adolescence is similar to that in adults, but the causes of @entity1643 are difficult to determine in most cases. For these @entity1 , a definitive diagnosis of @entity1643 and @entity912 as well as adequate treatment are clinically important to avoid unnecessary surgical treatment. METHODS: Eleven @entity1 [3 males and 8 females; mean age, 16.5 years (range, 13-19 y)] diagnosed with @entity1643 and @entity912 were followed up for 2-10.25 years (mean, 4.67 y). Nonorganic signs were observed in almost all @entity1 . For the purpose of excluding @entity347 , the @entity4490 @entity158 study was used in @entity1 who complained mainly of @entity158 , and motor evoked potentials (MEPs) using transcranial magnetic stimulation were measured in @entity1 experiencing primarily @entity425 . RESULTS: The @entity146 diagnosis was @entity11167 in 9 @entity1 , whereas it was @entity5539 in 2 @entity1 . Conservative treatment, such as physiotherapy, was performed, and at the final follow-up evaluation, outcomes were regarded as excellent in 7 @entity1 and good in 4 @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: The prognosis of @entity1643 and @entity912 in adolescence is relatively good. However, it is important to understand the characteristics of @entity1643 and @entity912 in childhood and young adulthood and to perform accurate diagnosis via screening for nonorganic signs and excluding @entity347 by using the @entity4490 @entity158 study and MEPs obtained using transcranial magnetic stimulation.

title: Psychogenic XXXX and @entity912 in Adolescence.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1643 :: ('MESH:D017116', 'Disease') :: ['psychogenic low-back pain', 'low-back pain']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['muscle weakness']

entities_list: @entity5539 :: ('MESH:D011602', 'Disease') :: ['psychosomatic disorder']

entities_list: @entity4490 :: ('MESH:D013874', 'Chemical') :: ['thiopentone']

entities_list: @entity912 :: ('MESH:D010243', 'Disease') :: ['hysterical paralysis']

entities_list: @entity347 :: ('MESH:D019965', 'Disease') :: ['organic disorders']

answer: @entity1643 :: (MESH:D017116,Disease) :: ['Low-back Pain']


abstract: AIMS: The aims of this study were to analyze the clinical characteristics, diagnostic features, and operative outcomes of @entity1 with @entity43 /fibrothecoma and to discuss appropriate management options. METHODS: We performed a retrospective comparative analysis of 97 @entity1 with @entity43 /fibrothecoma who underwent laparoscopic and laparotomic procedures, including tumorectomy between January 2008 and December 2011. RESULTS: The mean @entity1 age was 42.5    11.4 years. Seventy-three @entity1 (75.3%) were premenopausal @entity1 . A preoperative @entity43 or @entity81 was made in only 49 cases (50.5%). We found that 42.2% of cases were misdiagnosed as uterine @entity1868 (n = 41) and 6.2% were misdiagnosed as @entity43 (n = 6). The presence of @entity843 was associated with larger @entity5 size (p < 0.05) but not higher @entity10224 levels (p = 0.159). Twenty-nine @entity1 (29.9%) underwent laparotomy, and 68 (70.1%), laparoscopic surgery. Laparoscopic surgery facilitated shorter operation times than laparotomy (p < 0.05). Tumorectomy was performed in 40 @entity1 (43.5%), 36 (90%) of whom underwent laparoscopy with operative outcomes comparable to those of @entity1 who underwent laparotomy. CONCLUSIONS: Ovarian @entity81 /fibrothecomas are often misdiagnosed as uterine @entity1868 and @entity43 . Laparoscopic surgery including tumorectomy may be an effective surgical approach in @entity1 with @entity43 /fibrothecomas.

title: Clinical characteristics and surgical management options for XXXX /fibrothecoma: a study of 97 cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian fibroma', 'malignant ovarian tumors', 'diagnosis of benign ovarian tumor', 'ovarian fibromas']

entities_list: @entity81 :: ('MESH:D005350', 'Disease') :: ['fibromas', 'fibroma']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['ovarian fibroma']


abstract: @entity8 ( @entity8 ) has seen considerable ups and downs in its role for @entity1 with @entity1860 ( @entity1860 ). It has provided the first proof of the principle for cure and has confirmed the concept of successful immunotherapy of @entity1778 . @entity1860 became the most frequent indication for an allogeneic @entity8 worldwide. The frequency of @entity8 declined rapidly when the specific BCR/ABL @entity669 kinase inhibitor (TKI) @entity2213 appeared. Today, a balanced view prevails. Risk assessment of both, disease risk and transplant risk, has become standard. Allogeneic @entity8 remains the first-line approach for @entity1 with @entity1860 in accelerated phase or blast crisis. It is the standard of care for @entity1 with failed first-line therapy and a low-risk @entity8 . It is the best option for all @entity1 with failed second-line TKIs, with mutations @entity28837 or with progressive disease. It can always be considered in situations with limited resources.

title: Current role of stem cell transplantation in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['Haematopoietic stem cell transplantation', 'HSCT']

entities_list: @entity1778 :: ('MESH:D007938', 'Disease') :: ['leukaemia']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

entities_list: @entity1860 :: ('MESH:D015464', 'Disease') :: ['CML', 'chronic myeloid leukaemia']

entities_list: @entity2213 :: ('MESH:C097613', 'Chemical') :: ['imatinib']

answer: @entity1860 :: (MESH:D015464,Disease) :: ['chronic myeloid leukaemia']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity737 ( @entity737 ) therapy is well established in preventing @entity1164 in @entity1 with @entity1002 . The influence of right ventricular (RV) function on @entity737 therapy for @entity1164 ( @entity1164 ) is not known. METHODS: We retrospectively studied 222 @entity1 receiving an @entity737 for primary prevention of @entity1164 . Baseline clinical and echocardiographic data were gathered. RV systolic function was qualitatively assessed as normal or abnormal (described as mildly, moderately, or severely reduced). Primary endpoint was combined @entity737 therapy or @entity204 and secondary endpoint was @entity737 therapy alone. RESULTS: The mean follow-up was 940 +/- 522 days. The mean left ventricular ejection fraction was 0.23 +/- 0.07. By Kaplan-Meier analysis, @entity67 was predictive of combined @entity737 therapy or @entity204 when comparing between normal and abnormal RV function (P = 0.008) and among qualitative ranges of RV function (P = 0.012). @entity67 was not predictive of @entity737 therapy alone with either type of classification. After adjusting for clinical covariates, severe @entity67 was predictive of the combined endpoint of @entity737 therapy or @entity204 (HR 2.02, 95% CI 1.04-3.92, P = 0.037). CONCLUSION: Severe @entity67 appears to be an independent predictor of the combined endpoint of @entity737 therapy or @entity204 . @entity67 does not reliably predict the incidence of @entity737 therapy alone.

title: Right XXXX and the incidence of implantable cardioverter-defibrillator therapies.

entities_list: @entity1164 :: ('MESH:D016757', 'Disease') :: ['sudden cardiac death', 'SCD']

entities_list: @entity737 :: ('MESH:D057873', 'Disease') :: ['Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator', 'ICD']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['RV dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular dysfunction']

answer: @entity67 :: (MESH:D018754,Disease) :: ['ventricular dysfunction']


abstract: PURPOSE: To retrospectively review our experience with whole abdominopelvic radiotherapy (WAPRT) using intensity-modulated arc therapy in the palliative treatment of chemotherapy-resistant @entity43 with @entity6378 . METHODS AND MATERIALS: Between April 2002 and April 2008, 13 @entity1 were treated with WAPRT using intensity-modulated arc therapy. We prescribed a dose of 33 Gy to be delivered in 22 fractions of 1.5 Gy to the abdomen and pelvis. All @entity1 had International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics Stage III or IV @entity43 at the initial diagnosis. At referral, the median age was 61 years, and the @entity1 had been heavily pretreated with surgery and chemotherapy. All @entity1 had symptoms from their disease, including @entity344 or subobstruction in 6, minor @entity344 in 2, @entity158 in 4, @entity843 in 1, and @entity3556 in 2. A complete symptom or biochemical response required complete resolution of the @entity1 's symptoms or @entity5 antigen-125 level. A partial response required >= 50% resolution of these parameters. The actuarial survival was calculated from the start of radiotherapy. RESULTS: The median overall survival was 21 weeks, with a 6-month overall survival rate of 45%. The 9 @entity1 who completed treatment obtained a complete symptom response, except for @entity843 (partial response). The median and mean response duration (all symptoms grouped) was 24 and 37 weeks, respectively. Of the 6 @entity1 presenting with obstruction or subobstruction, 4 obtained a complete symptom response (median duration, 16 weeks). CONCLUSION: WAPRT delivered using intensity-modulated arc therapy offers important palliation in the case of peritoneal metastatic @entity43 . WAPRT resolved @entity1321 for a substantial period.

title: Whole abdominopelvic radiotherapy using intensity-modulated arc therapy in the palliative treatment of chemotherapy-resistant @entity43 with XXXX : a single-institution experience.

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3556 :: ('MESH:D014592', 'Disease') :: ['vaginal bleeding']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal symptoms', 'gastrointestinal obstruction']

entities_list: @entity6378 :: ('MESH:D010532', 'Disease') :: ['bulky peritoneal disease']

entities_list: @entity1321 :: ('MESH:D007415', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal obstruction']

answer: @entity6378 :: (MESH:D010532,Disease) :: ['bulky peritoneal disease']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Alterations of neuronal activity due to changes in @entity22099 ( @entity22099 ) mediating tonic inhibition influence different hippocampal functions. @entity32320 -null @entity19 and a5 subunit(( @entity32321 )) knock-in @entity19 exhibit signs of @entity75 , but are capable of improved performance in several learning and memory tasks. Accordingly, alleviating abnormal GABAergic tonic inhibition in the hippocampal formation by selective a5- @entity22099 modulators represents a possible therapeutic approach for several @entity71 . Adult neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus is an important facet of hippocampal plasticity; it is regulated by tonic GABAergic transmission, as shown by deficits in proliferation, migration, and dendritic development of adult-born neurons in @entity32322 -null @entity19 . Here, we investigated the contribution of a5- @entity8771 Rs to granule cell development, using retroviral vectors expressing eGFP for labeling precursor cells in the subgranular zone. Global a5- @entity22099 knockout (a5-KO) @entity19 showed no alterations in migration and morphological development of eGFP-positive granule cells. However, upregulation of a1 subunit-immunoreactivity was observed in the hippocampal formation and cerebral cortex. In contrast, partial gene inactivation in a5-heterozygous (a5-het) @entity19 , as well as single-cell deletion of @entity32320 in newborn granule cells from a5-floxed @entity19 , caused severe alterations of migration and dendrite development. In a5-het @entity19 , retrovirally-mediated overexpression of @entity12228 resulted in normal migration and dendritic branching, suggesting that @entity12228 cooperates with a5- @entity8771 Rs to regulate neuronal development. These results show that minor imbalance of a5- @entity22099 -mediated transmission may have major consequences for neuronal plasticity; and call for caution upon chronic therapeutic use of negative allosteric modulators acting at these receptors. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Partial inactivation of XXXX containing the a5 subunit affects the development of adult-born dentate gyrus granule cells.

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['hippocampal dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity71 :: ('MESH:D001289', 'Disease') :: ['intellectual deficit disorders']

answer: @entity22099 :: (14406(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['GABAA receptors']


abstract: Objective. To investigate the changes in serum Myeloid-Related Protein 8/14 ( @entity10981 ) and @entity11153 (ECP) levels in @entity1 with different types of @entity453 ( @entity453 ) and assess the value of @entity10981 and ECP detection in predicting @entity453 . Methods. 178 @entity1 were divided into @entity453 group including unstable @entity951 (UAP), @entity583 ( @entity583 ), and stable @entity951 (SAP). Thirty-six individuals with normal coronary artery served as the control group. Serum @entity2757 /14 and ECP were measured by ELISA. The severity of @entity3979 was assessed by the numbers of involved coronary artery branches and the sum of Gensini scores. Results. The @entity10981 levels were significantly higher in @entity583 and UAP group than SAP and control group (P < 0.05). The levels of @entity10981 in @entity583 group were also obviously higher than UAP group (P < 0.05). The ECP levels were obviously increased in @entity583 group, but there was no difference between SAP and UAP group (P > 0.05). The ECP was significantly increased in three impaired coronary arteries and obviously correlated with Gensini score (P < 0.01), whereas the @entity10981 was obviously positively correlated with CRP (P < 0.01). Conclusions. Increased @entity10981 levels suggest the instability of the @entity731 . ECP reflects the severity of @entity3979 , predicting @entity731 burden. They may become the new biomarkers of @entity453 .

title: The Correlation of Serum Myeloid-Related Protein-8/14 and XXXX in @entity1 with @entity453 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['AMI', 'acute myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis', 'atherosclerotic plaque']

entities_list: @entity11153 :: ('6037', 'Gene') :: ['Eosinophil Cationic Protein']

entities_list: @entity3979 :: ('MESH:D023921', 'Disease') :: ['coronary arteries stenosis', 'coronary artery stenosis']

entities_list: @entity951 :: ('MESH:D000787', 'Disease') :: ['angina pectoris']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['CAD', 'coronary artery diseases']

answer: @entity11153 :: (6037,Gene) :: ['Eosinophil Cationic Protein']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate and analysis the prevalence and risk factors of snoring and excessive @entity25 among @entity3930 . METHODS: 1108 subjects were derived from a random sample of pilots. They were asked to answer the questions from a questionnaire concerning their snoring and @entity25 , etc. 1054 questionnaire were available for evaluation. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of snoring among @entity3930 was 51.04% (538/1054), while moderate and severe snorers accounted for 26.28% (227/1054). The prevalence of snoring among @entity3930 aged over 30 yr was 63.68% (426/669). The prevalence and severity of snoring increase with age and BMI. Age, overweight and @entity28 , alcohol ingestion and family history of snoring were associated with the prevalence and severity of snoring. There was significant difference in @entity25 scale scores among without snoring group and various severity of snoring groups (chi2 = 16.948, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of snoring is high in @entity3930 . The @entity25 scale score increase with increasing degree of snoring. Doctors should pay more attention to snoring in male pilot.

title: [The prevalence of snoring in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity3930 :: ('MESH:D005834', 'Disease') :: ['male pilots']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['daytime sleepiness', 'Epworth sleepiness']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

answer: @entity3930 :: (MESH:D005834,Disease) :: ['male pilots']


abstract: PURPOSE: Substance @entity10133 ), a neuropeptide mediator of @entity13624 , induces vasodilatation, plasma extravasation and @entity56 in the bladder. SP induced @entity32 is enhanced and maintained by the release of additional mediators. The @entity35 urothelium contains pre-formed @entity23346 ( @entity19984 ), a known proinflammatory cytokine, suggesting that it may mediate @entity1494 . We documented the time course of SP effects on @entity35 @entity1494 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Subcutaneous SP administration induced @entity13624 . The bladder, urine and serum were removed 15, 30, 60 and 120 minutes following treatment, and changes in @entity19984 , @entity2137 ( @entity2137 ), @entity5019 and @entity4665 were determined. RESULTS: SP induced significant @entity19984 and @entity2137 release from the bladder following 30 minutes of exposure. @entity4665 protein was detected at significant levels following 60 minutes of SP exposure. Basal @entity5019 protein could be detected in control bladders with significant increases following 60 minutes of SP exposure. Histological examination of bladder tissue showed increased @entity4 in SP treated bladders. CONCLUSIONS: SP stimulated early release of urothelial @entity19984 as well as increased @entity19984 gene expression in this model of @entity13624 . SP also increased expression of the proinflammatory mediator @entity2137 . In addition, increases in @entity4665 enzyme and @entity5019 transcription factor were noted. The early release of @entity19984 suggests that it is an immediate proinflammatory regulator in the bladder and it establishes @entity19984 as candidate proinflammatory mediator of SP induced @entity13624 . These data continue to support our hypothesis that @entity19984 is a new target for intervention in @entity1494 .

title: Substance P induced release of XXXX from @entity35 bladder epithelium.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bladder inflammation', 'bladder neurogenic inflammation']

entities_list: @entity23346 :: ('103694877', 'Gene') :: ['macrophage migration inhibitory factor']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['hypersensitivity']

entities_list: @entity13624 :: ('MESH:D020078', 'Disease') :: ['neurogenic inflammation']

answer: @entity23346 :: (103694877,Gene) :: ['macrophage migration inhibitory factor']


abstract: Neurochemical changes in the extracellular fluid of the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) were produced by changes in arterial blood pressure. Blood pressure was raised or lowered with systemic infusions of @entity2647 or @entity1854 and neurochemicals were recovered from RVLM by in vivo microdialysis. A dialysis probe 300 microns in diameter and 500 microns in length was stereotaxically implanted in the RVLM of the @entity4774 -anesthetized @entity35 . Sterile physiological Ringer's solution was perfused at a rate of 1.5 microliter/min. The perfusate was collected under ice-cold conditions every 15 min for the assay of @entity1425 , @entity16750 ( @entity4925 ), @entity1130 ( @entity5581 ), @entity620 , and @entity414 . After stable baseline neurochemical concentrations were achieved, animals were infused with @entity2647 or @entity1854 intravenously to raise or lower the blood pressure. Increasing blood pressure 50 mm Hg above the baseline value by @entity2647 led to a significant reduction in heart rate and a reduction in extracellular @entity1425 and @entity4925 concentrations. The @entity5581 concentration was increased during the @entity101 drug infusion. There were no changes in the concentrations of @entity620 or @entity414 . @entity551 produced by @entity1854 (-20 mm Hg) led to neurochemical changes which were the reciprocal of those seen during @entity101 . During @entity551 , heart rate increased as did the extracellular fluid @entity1425 concentration. The @entity5581 concentration fell with @entity551 and remained @entity308 following the @entity1854 infusion. @entity620 and @entity414 concentrations did not change during @entity551 but @entity620 did increase after the @entity1854 infusion stopped. These data provide direct evidence that @entity1425 release in RVLM is linked to changes in systemic blood pressure.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Drug-induced changes in blood pressure lead to changes in extracellular concentrations of @entity1425 , @entity16750 , and @entity1130 in the rostral ventrolateral medulla of the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressed']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity620 :: ('MESH:D001205', 'Chemical') :: ['ascorbic acid', 'Ascorbic acid']

entities_list: @entity1425 :: ('MESH:D004837', 'Chemical') :: ['epinephrine']

entities_list: @entity4774 :: ('MESH:D014520', 'Chemical') :: ['urethane']

entities_list: @entity1854 :: ('MESH:D009599', 'Chemical') :: ['nitroprusside']

entities_list: @entity1130 :: ('CHEBI:27823', 'Chemical') :: ['5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['Hypotension', 'hypotension']

entities_list: @entity2647 :: ('MESH:D010656', 'Chemical') :: ['phenylephrine']

entities_list: @entity16750 :: ('CHEBI:61409', 'Chemical') :: ['dihydroxyphenylacetic acid']

entities_list: @entity414 :: ('MESH:D014527', 'Chemical') :: ['uric acid']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Locking plates transmit load through fixed-angle locking screws instead of relying on plate-to-bone compression. Therefore, locking screws may induce higher stress at the screw-bone interface than that seen with conventional nonlocked plating. This study investigated whether locked plating in @entity79 causes a greater @entity3564 risk than conventional plating because of stress concentrations at the plate end. It further investigated the effect of replacing the locked end screw with a conventional screw on the strength of the fixation construct. METHODS: Three different bridge-plate constructs were applied to a validated surrogate of the osteoporotic femoral diaphysis. Constructs were tested dynamically to failure in bending, torsion, and axial loading to determine failure loads and failure modes. A locked plating construct was compared with a nonlocked conventional plating construct. Subsequently, the outermost locking screw in locked plating constructs was replaced with a conventional screw to reduce stress concentrations at the plate end. RESULTS: Compared with the conventional plating construct, the locked plating construct was 22% weaker in bending (p = 0.013), comparably strong in torsion (p = 0.05), and 15% stronger in axial compression (p = 0.017). Substituting the locked end screw with a conventional screw increased the construct strength by 40% in bending (p = 0.001) but had no significant effect on construct strength under torsion (p = 0.22) and compressive loading (p = 0.53) compared with the locked plating construct. Under bending, all constructs failed by @entity3564 . CONCLUSIONS: Under bending loads, the focused load transfer of locking plates through fixed-angle screws can increase the @entity3564 risk in the @entity3604 compared with conventional plates. Replacing the outermost locking screw with a conventional screw reduced the stress concentration at the plate end and significantly increased the bending strength of the plating construct compared with an all-locked construct (p = 0.001).

title: A nonlocking end screw can decrease fracture risk caused by locked plating in the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3604 :: ('MESH:D058866', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporotic diaphysis']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporotic diaphyseal bone']

entities_list: @entity3564 :: ('MESH:D057068', 'Disease') :: ['periprosthetic fracture']

answer: @entity3604 :: (MESH:D058866,Disease) :: ['osteoporotic diaphysis']


abstract: Six live wether @entity742 and the urogenital tracts of 4 others from 4 separate farms were presented for examination. In each case the wethers had been implanted several weeks previously with a growth promoting product containing @entity1420 and @entity53 . The affected wethers presented with dorsal retroflexion of a markedly distended bladder which caused persistent straining, bulging of the perineal muscles and rectal prolapse. Enlargement of the bulbo-urethral glands and seminal vesicles, with an increase in the volume and viscosity of the secretion of the bulbourethral glands was evident on gross examination. Histopathological examination of the prostate and bulbourethral glands revealed @entity384 and squamous metaplasia of the glandular epithelium. Desquamated cells and eesinophilic-staining material were present in many of the dilated lumens. In the seminal vesicles, @entity82 had resulted in the obliteration of large areas of glandular tissue. The enlargement of the prostate and bulbo-urethral glands, and particularly the increased viscosity of the gland secretions, probably hindered urination, resulting in only partial evacuation of the bladder. Attempts to urinate by active contraction of the abdominal muscles may have accounted for the dorsal retroflexion of the distended bladder. The oestrogenic influence of the growth implants is thought to be responsible for these changes.

title: Clinical, pathological and histopathological findings in @entity742 implanted with a growth promoting product containing XXXX and @entity53 .

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['interstitial fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['cystic dilation of the glands and hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['oestradiol']

answer: @entity1420 :: (MESH:D011374,Chemical) :: ['progesterone']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Drug use contributes to higher rates of morbidity and mortality among @entity1 who use drugs compared to the general population. In 2012, Danish politicians passed a law that allowed drug consumption rooms (DCRs) to operate; among the objectives were to improve the well-being of vulnerable citizens and to reduce the number of @entity1445 . Five Danish DCRs are currently being operated. This article presents results from a national investigation focused on assessing the impact of Danish drug consumption rooms on the health and well-being of DCR clients and factors facilitating the acceptance of DCR clients in order to improve their health and refer them onward to social and health service providers. METHODS: We conducted 250  h of @entity1 observation in the DCRs, followed by in-depth qualitative interviews with 42 DCR clients and 25 staff members. Field notes and interviews were analysed and coded, and themes have been developed. RESULTS: DCR clients experienced a sense of social acceptance while inside DCRs. Members of staff conveyed a welcoming, @entity3257 , and DCR clients were predominantly satisfied with the facilities. They prioritized forging relations with drug users so as to foster a sense of social acceptance within DCRs. The primary goal of staff members is to prevent @entity1445 by informing clients about strong drugs and by intervening in cases of intoxication. DCRs provide security to clients. In cases of health-related problems, DCR clients were referred to local health clinics. Members of the staff build bridges for DCR clients by guiding them towards drug treatment programmes and services in the social and the health sectors. CONCLUSIONS: The study reveals a consistency between DCR clients and staff members with respect to appraisal of the importance of DCRs. Both clients and staff agreed that DCRs provide a safe haven in the environment in which DCR clients often live and that staff members' approach to clients with the intention of promoting acceptance clears the path for the prevention and treatment of @entity1445 and providing referrals to healthcare facilities, to drug treatment centres and to social services.

title: A qualitative study of how Danish drug consumption rooms influence health and well-being among XXXX who use drugs.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['people', 'participant']

entities_list: @entity3257 :: ('MESH:C580335', 'Disease') :: ['non-judgemental attitude']

entities_list: @entity1445 :: ('MESH:D062787', 'Disease') :: ['overdoses']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['people']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Sporadic, genetically complex essential @entity400 (ET) is one of the most common @entity717 and may lead to severe impairment of the quality of life. Despite high heritability, the genetic determinants of ET are largely unknown. We performed the second genome-wide association study (GWAS) for ET to elucidate genetic risk factors of ET. METHODS: Using the Affymetrix Genome-Wide SNP Array 6.0 (1000K) we conducted a two-stage GWAS in a total of 990 subjects and 1,537 control subjects from Europe to identify genetic variants associated with ET. RESULTS: We discovered association of an intronic variant of the main glial @entity2227 transporter ( @entity9320 ) gene with ET in the first-stage sample ( @entity33903 , p = 6.95   10(-5), odds ratio [OR] = 1.46). We verified the association of @entity33903 with ET in a second-stage sample (p = 1.25   10(-3), OR = 1.38). In the subgroup analysis of @entity1 classified as definite ET, @entity33903 obtained genome-wide significance (p = 3.44   10(-10), OR = 1.59) in the combined first- and second-stage sample. Genetic fine mapping using nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and SNPs in high linkage disequilibrium with @entity33903 did not reveal any SNP with a stronger association with ET than @entity33903 . CONCLUSIONS: We identified @entity9320 encoding the major glial high-affinity @entity2227 reuptake transporter in the brain as a potential ET susceptibility gene. Acute and chronic glutamatergic overexcitation is implied in the pathogenesis of ET. @entity9320 is therefore a good functional candidate gene for ET.

title: Polymorphisms in the glial @entity2227 transporter @entity9320 are associated with essential XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2227 :: ('CHEBI:29987', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamate']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['movement disorders']

answer: @entity400 :: (MESH:D014202,Disease) :: ['tremor']


abstract: From December 1988 to March 1989 172 faecal samples from first and second year students at the University of Limburg, Maastricht, The Netherlands, were collected and analysed for the presence of @entity526 strains resistant to @entity869 , @entity207 , @entity803 , @entity206 and @entity6616 . In addition, the antibiotic susceptibility (MIC) to these agents and six other compounds (i.e. @entity581 , @entity6616 , @entity802 and @entity5821 ) was determined. The prevalence of resistance of the samples analysed ranged from 86% (i.e. 148 out of 172) for @entity207 to 25% for trimethoprim. The prevalence figures for @entity869 , @entity803 and @entity6616 resistance were 76%, 47% and 29%, respectively. The percentages of the faecal samples with a high proportion of @entity526 (greater than 50% of the total number of @entity526 ) resistant to @entity869 , @entity803 and @entity207 were 8%, 11% and 37%, respectively. For @entity6616 and trimethoprim the figures were 3% and 1%, respectively. Of the isolated @entity526 (n = 797), 84% was resistant to @entity869 , 82% resistant to @entity207 . The lowest percentages (9%) were observed for both @entity802 and @entity6616 .

title: High prevalence of antibiotic resistant XXXX in faecal samples of students in the south-east of The Netherlands.

entities_list: @entity6616 :: ('MESH:D009582', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrofurantoin']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli', 'E. coli']

entities_list: @entity5821 :: ('MESH:D002512', 'Chemical') :: ['cephalothin']

entities_list: @entity802 :: ('MESH:D009268', 'Chemical') :: ['nalidixic acid']

entities_list: @entity207 :: ('MESH:D013420', 'Chemical') :: ['sulphamethoxazole']

entities_list: @entity581 :: ('MESH:D000617', 'Chemical') :: ['aminoglycosides']

entities_list: @entity869 :: ('MESH:D000667', 'Chemical') :: ['ampicillin']

entities_list: @entity803 :: ('MESH:D013752', 'Chemical') :: ['tetracycline']

entities_list: @entity206 :: ('MESH:D014295', 'Chemical') :: ['trimethoprim']

answer: @entity526 :: (562,Species) :: ['Escherichia coli']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Childhood @entity5 survivors frequently develop working @entity2414 as a result of disease and treatment. Medication-based and therapist-delivered interventions are promising but have limitations. Computerized interventions completed at home may be more appealing for survivors. We evaluated the feasibility and acceptability of a remotely administered, computerized WM intervention (Cogmed) for pediatric @entity5 survivors using a single-blind, randomized, wait-list control design. METHODS: Of 80 qualifying @entity1 , 12 were excluded or declined to participate. @entity1 randomized to intervention (n = 34/68) included survivors of childhood @entity1313 (32%) or @entity981 ( @entity981 ; 68%) between the ages of 8 and 16 years ([Formula: see text] = 12.2) who were at least 1 year post therapy ([Formula: see text] = 5.0). The majority of @entity1313 @entity1 were treated with cranial radiation therapy (72.7%), whereas most of the @entity981 @entity1 were treated with chemotherapy only (87%). @entity1 completed 25 WM training sessions over 5-9 weeks at home with weekly phone-based @entity15285 . RESULTS: @entity1 lived in 16 states. Compliance was strong, with 30 of the 34 @entity1 (88%) completing intervention. Almost all @entity1 completed pre- and postintervention neuroimaging exams (91% and 93%, respectively). Families had the necessary skills to utilize the computer program successfully. Caregivers reported they were generally able to find time to complete training (63%), viewed training as beneficial (70%), and would recommend this intervention to others (93%). CONCLUSIONS: Cogmed is a feasible and acceptable intervention for childhood @entity5 survivors. It is a viable option for survivors who do not live in close proximity to @entity5 care centers. Efficacy and neural correlates of change are currently being evaluated.

title: Feasibility and acceptability of a remotely administered computerized intervention to address cognitive late effects among childhood XXXX survivors.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity981 :: ('MESH:D054198', 'Disease') :: ['ALL', 'acute lymphoblastic leukemia']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['brain tumor', 'brain tumors']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['memory (WM) deficits']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Immunoassays are widely used to quantify @entity134 hormones in biological samples. However, they lack specificity, especially at low levels. This study aimed to develop a sensitive LC-MS/MS method to measure serum @entity3800 and @entity172 without derivatization within a single run. METHODS: A stable-isotope dilution LC-MS/MS method was established using atmospheric pressure photoionization to quantify @entity251 (T), @entity586 ( @entity587 ), @entity53 (E2) and @entity1815 (E1) from serum. Sample preparation involved liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) with @entity4315 : @entity1046 (3:2) containing deuterated internal standards. Accuracy was assessed by spiked recovery of serum pools, and imprecision by quality controls. RESULTS: Using 200 microL serum, limits of quantification were 0.3 pg (1.5 pg/mL) E(1), 0.5 pg (2.5 pg/mL) E(2), 2 pg (10 pg/mL) T and 10 pg (50 pg/mL) DHT. Accuracy (93-110%) and precision (median 4%, all <15%) were determined to be well within acceptable limits for bioanalytical method validation. An analysis time of less than 10 min allowed up to 150 samples (600 analytes) to be processed per day. CONCLUSIONS: The method is sufficiently sensitive and precise to accurately quantify serum T levels in females and E(2) in males, and is readily adapted to tissue and non- @entity1 samples.

title: Development and validation of a sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry assay to simultaneously measure @entity3800 and XXXX in serum without derivatization.

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogens']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity586 :: ('MESH:D013196', 'Chemical') :: ['dihydrotestosterone']

entities_list: @entity1046 :: ('MESH:C007650', 'Chemical') :: ['ethyl acetate']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['estradiol']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity3800 :: ('MESH:D000728', 'Chemical') :: ['androgens']

answer: @entity172 :: (MESH:D004967,Chemical) :: ['estrogens']


abstract: A correlative morphological study was carried out on physiologically located periodontal mechanoreceptors in anaesthetised @entity468 . Three periodontal mechanoreceptors were electrophysiologically identified from functionally single fibres teased from the @entity129 . One receptor was studied by recording in the mesencephalic nucleus. The four receptors were located by punctate stimuli in the labial aspect of the periodontal ligament of the left mandibular @entity235 tooth in three @entity468 . The receptors were within the intermediate to rapidly adapting part of the range of adaptation rates with conduction velocities of 39.6 ms-1 +/- 4.7 ms-1 and were typical of those recorded in previous studies. The receptor loci were marked and these regions were studied in @entity575 -stained sections and ultrastructurally. Under each ink-marked region Ruffini terminals and smaller terminals resembling free nerve endings were observed. The Ruffini terminals were unencapsulated and the majority had diameters of 2-3 microns. The terminals were observed near the junction of the inner (cemental) and middle zones of the periodontal ligament with the axons running from the alveolar aspect. The results support the view that periodontal mechanoreceptors, even those with more rapidly adapting properties, are Ruffini terminals.

title: The structure of physiologically located periodontal ligament mechanoreceptors of the cat XXXX tooth.

entities_list: @entity129 :: ('MESH:D003389', 'Disease') :: ['inferior alveolar nerve']

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['canine']


abstract: @entity935 may exert a tonic inhibitory effect on @entity1369 secretion and enhance renal @entity1372 excretion. Nonmodulating @entity101 in part is characterized by decreased @entity1369 secretion in response to @entity2178 ( @entity2178 ) as well as a decreased natriuretic response to a saline load. This study assesses whether an abnormally increased dopaminergic inhibition of @entity1369 secretion underlies the @entity774 in nonmodulating @entity101 and whether abnormalities of renal @entity935 formation contribute to @entity1372 retention. We measured the plasma @entity935 concentration in 39 @entity1 with nonmodulating @entity101 and in 32 @entity1 with normal modulation on a 10-meq @entity1372 intake. @entity935 levels were significantly higher (P less than 0.05) in nonmodulators. The @entity1369 response to @entity2178 (3 ng/kg.min) was assessed before and during administration of the @entity935 antagonist @entity1769 in 13 @entity1 . @entity1769 did not change the adrenal response to @entity2178 in either @entity101 subgroup. In 12 normal subjects mean urinary @entity935 levels were higher in a @entity1372 -replete state (200-mmol intake) than in a low @entity1372 state (10-mmol intake; 1.68 +/- 0.28 vs. 0.92 +/- 0.22 mumol/day; P less than 0.01) as expected. Modulators demonstrated this same effect, while nonmodulators did not [modulators, 3.66 +/- 0.82 and 1.37 +/- 0.14 mumol/day; nonmodulators, 1.33 +/- 0.28 and 1.68 +/- 0.90 mumol/day; P less than 0.02]. The @entity1372 -retaining tendency of nonmodulators may reflect, at least in part, reduced intrarenal @entity935 production in the @entity1372 -replete state, but the @entity774 in @entity1369 release in nonmodulators is not mediated by excess dopaminergic inhibition of @entity1369 secretion.

title: The role of XXXX in nonmodulating @entity101 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1369 :: ('MESH:D000450', 'Chemical') :: ['aldosterone']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine', 'Dopamine']

entities_list: @entity2178 :: ('183', 'Gene') :: ['angiotensin II', 'AII']

entities_list: @entity1769 :: ('MESH:D008787', 'Chemical') :: ['Metoclopramide', 'metoclopramide']

entities_list: @entity774 :: ('MESH:D000312', 'Disease') :: ['adrenal defect']

answer: @entity935 :: (MESH:D004298,Chemical) :: ['dopamine']


abstract: The @entity2393 cytoplasmic domain (tail) serves as a scaffold for numerous intracellular proteins. The mechanisms by which the tail coordinates these proteins to facilitate extracellular matrix assembly and cell spreading are not clear. This study demonstrates that the beta(1) cytoplasmic domain can regulate cell spreading on fibronectin and fibronectin matrix assembly through @entity584 - and talin-dependent mechanisms, respectively. To identify these mechanisms, we characterized GD25 cells expressing the @entity2393 cytoplasmic domain mutants W775A and @entity31939 . Although cell spreading appears normal in @entity31939 mutant-integrin cells compared with wild type, it is inhibited in W775A mutant cells. In contrast, both mutant cell lines show defective fibronectin matrix assembly. Inhibition of cell spreading, but not matrix assembly, in the W775A mutant cells is due to a specific defect in @entity584 activation. In addition, we find that both W775A and @entity31939 mutant integrins have reduced surface expression of the 9EG7 epitope that correlates with reduced recruitment of talin to @entity2393 cytoplasmic complexes. Down-regulation of talin with small interfering RNA or expression of green fluorescent protein-talin head domain inhibits matrix assembly in beta(1) wild-type cells, mimicking the defect seen with the W775A and @entity31939 mutant cells. These results demonstrate distinct mechanisms by which integrins regulate cell spreading and matrix assembly through the @entity2393 cytoplasmic tail.

title: XXXX cytoplasmic domain residues selectively modulate fibronectin matrix assembly and cell spreading through talin and @entity584 .

entities_list: @entity2393 :: ('3688', 'Gene') :: ['beta(1) integrin', 'integrin beta(1)']

answer: @entity2393 :: (3688,Gene) :: ['beta1 integrin']


abstract: Significant increase in @entity14032 , @entity9829 , and @entity12228 activities are reported in @entity195 ( @entity195 ). Inhibition of @entity9829 prevents neuronal cell death in in vivo @entity195 models, highlighting it as a major @entity14032 effector. Both @entity14032 and @entity12228 promote neurodegeneration upon deregulation; however, @entity12228 has not been mechanistically linked to @entity14032 or @entity9829 . This study presents the first mechanism showing @entity12228 as a major regulator of the @entity14032 cascade. Deregulated @entity12228 induces biphasic activation of @entity14032 pathway. The first phase revealed @entity9829 as a direct substrate of @entity12228 , whose activation is independent of reactive @entity26 species (ROS) and @entity14032 . In the second phase, @entity12228 activates @entity9829 via ROS-mediated activation of @entity14032 . Rapid @entity9829 activation is supported by in vivo data showing @entity9829 phosphorylation in cerebral cortex upon @entity3723 induction in @entity19 . @entity12228 -mediated biphasic activation of @entity9829 highlights @entity9829 , rather than @entity14032 , as an important therapeutic target, which was confirmed in neuronal cells. Finally, @entity12228 inhibition endows superior protection against @entity2359 , suggesting that @entity12228 is a preferable therapeutic target for @entity195 relative to @entity14032 and @entity9829 .

title: Direct and indirect roles of @entity12228 as an upstream regulator in the @entity9829 NH2-terminal kinase cascade: relevance to XXXX in @entity195 .

entities_list: @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['transgenic mice']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['AD', "Alzheimer's disease"]

entities_list: @entity2359 :: ('MESH:D020258', 'Disease') :: ['neurotoxicity']

answer: @entity2359 :: (MESH:D020258,Disease) :: ['neurotoxic insults']


abstract: The control of protein turnover in @entity26101 has been examined using a method described in the previous paper for determining the rate constants of synthesis and degradation of protein. If Lemna is placed on water, there is a reduction in the rate constants of synthesis of protein and an increase (3- to 6-fold) in the rate constant of degradation. The net effect is a loss of protein from the tissue. Omission of @entity1507 , @entity1391 , @entity597 , @entity1760 , or @entity460 results in increases in the rate constant of degradation of protein.An unusual dual effect of @entity3015 on the turnover constants has been observed. Treatment of Lemna grown on @entity969 -mineral salts with @entity3015 results in alterations only in the rate constant of synthesis. Treatment of Lemna grown on water with @entity3015 alters only the rate constant of degradation. @entity2271 on the other hand alters both rate constants of synthesis and degradation of protein together. Inclusion of growth-inhibiting @entity1522 in the medium results in a reduction in the rate constants of synthesis and increases in the rate constant of degradation of protein. It is concluded that the rate of turnover of protein in Lemna is very dependent on the composition of the growth medium. Conditions which reduce growth rates also reduce the rates of synthesis of protein and increase those of degradation.

title: Control of the Protein Turnover Rates in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2271 :: ('MESH:D000040', 'Chemical') :: ['Abscisic acid']

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity597 :: ('CHEBI:16189', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfate']

entities_list: @entity1507 :: ('CHEBI:48107', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrate']

entities_list: @entity969 :: ('MESH:D013395', 'Chemical') :: ['sucrose']

entities_list: @entity1391 :: ('CHEBI:26020', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphate']

entities_list: @entity3015 :: ('CHEBI:29022', 'Chemical') :: ['benzyladenine']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity1760 :: ('MESH:D008274', 'Chemical') :: ['magnesium']

answer: @entity26101 :: (4472,Species) :: ['Lemna minor']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Gaining a higher response rate (RR) has usually been determined as a primary end point in phase II trials evaluating the efficacy of new molecular targeted drugs. However, a relationship between clinical response and survival benefit has not been well studied in the @entity1 treated with molecular targeted agents. METHODS: Prospective trials of epidermal growth factor receptor @entity669 kinase inhibitors ( @entity470 -TKIs) monotherapy in @entity1149 were extracted from MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the annual meetings in 2007 of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, @entity5 Conference, and World Conference on Lung Cancer. Correlation between clinical response and survival was examined using linear regression analysis. We also tried to compare the significance of RR as surrogate markers for survival with that of disease control rate (DCR) by calculating the area under their receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. RESULTS: We identified 24 phase II trials and 4 phase III trials with a total of 6171 @entity1 and 30 treatment arms, including 22 arms for the @entity4562 group and 8 arms for the @entity3866 group. Both RR and DCR strongly correlated with @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ; p < 0.0001 and p = 0.003, respectively). In an ROC analysis, the area under the ROC curve predicting @entity1162 by RR was 0.918, which was higher than the area under the ROC curve by DCR. CONCLUSIONS: We found a significant relationship between RR and @entity1349 in clinical trials with @entity470 -TKIs. RR could be an independent surrogate marker for @entity1349 in the current response criteria in the clinical trials of @entity470 -TKIs.

title: Response rate is associated with prolonged survival in @entity1 with advanced XXXX treated with @entity4562 or @entity3866 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4562 :: ('MESH:C419708', 'Chemical') :: ['gefitinib']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['European Cancer']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['median survival time', 'MST']

entities_list: @entity1162 :: ('MESH:D008133', 'Disease') :: ['MST prolongation']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

entities_list: @entity3866 :: ('MESH:C400278', 'Chemical') :: ['erlotinib']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Resistance to chemotherapeutic agents has been associated with a failure of @entity5 cells to induce apoptosis. Strategies to restore apoptosis have led to the development of @entity2424 mimetics, which inhibit anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family members. We examined the sensitivity of three @entity5 cell lines to @entity1487 ( @entity1487 ) alone and in combination with the @entity2424 mimetic HA14-1. METHODS: Clonogenic assays, morphology, markers of autophagy and apoptosis were used to assess the involved @entity204 mechanisms. RESULTS: In response to @entity1487 treatment, OE21 cells induce apoptosis, @entity1 and @entity1 cells are more resistant and induce autophagy accompanied by @entity204 . Autophagy induction results in ineffective treatment as substantial numbers of cells survive and re-populate. HA14-1 did not improve @entity1487 treatment or reduce colony re-growth in the apoptosis deficient @entity1 cells. However, the sensitivity of OE21 (apoptotic) and @entity1 cells (apoptosis deficient/ @entity204 ) was significantly improved. In OE21 cells, treatment with @entity1487 and HA14-1 resulted in augmentation of apoptosis. In @entity1 cells, the reduction in recovering colonies following combination treatment was due to the enhancement of @entity204 . CONCLUSION: The efficacy of HA14-1 is cell line dependent and is not reliant on apoptosis induction.

title: The @entity2424 mimetic HA14-1 enhances XXXX -induced autophagy and @entity204 in @entity5 cells.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['oesophageal cancer', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['type II cell death', 'death']

answer: @entity1487 :: (MESH:D005472,Chemical) :: ['5-fluorouracil']


abstract: Fear of falling and other @entity458 ( @entity458 ), such as falls-efficacy and balance confidence, are highly prevalent among community-dwelling older adults. @entity148 and @entity458 have frequently, but inconsistently, been found to be associated in the literature. The purpose of this study is to clarify those inconsistencies with a systematic review and meta-analysis and to evaluate if the strength of this relationship varies based on the different FRPC constructs used (e.g., fear of falling, falls-efficacy or balance confidence). A systematic review was conducted through multiple databases (e.g., MEDLINE, PsycINFO) to include all articles published before June 10th 2015 that measured @entity148 and @entity458 in community-dwelling older adults. Active researchers in the field were also contacted in an effort to include unpublished studies. The systematic review led to the inclusion of twenty relevant articles (n = 4738). A random-effect meta-analysis revealed that the mean effect size for fear of falling and @entity148 is r = 0.32 (95% CI: 0.22-0.40), Z = 6.49, p < 0.001 and the mean effect size for falls-efficacy or balance confidence and @entity148 is r = 0.31 (95% CI: 0.23-0.40), Z = 6.72, p < 0.001. A Q-test for heterogeneity revealed that the two effect sizes are not significantly different (Q(19) = 0.13, p = n.s.). This study is the first meta-analysis on the relationship between @entity148 and @entity458 among community-dwelling older adults. It demonstrates the importance of considering @entity148 when treating older adults with @entity458 .

title: Fall-Related Psychological Concerns and XXXX among Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['anxiety', 'Anxiety']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['fall-related psychological concerns', 'FRPCs']

answer: @entity148 :: (MESH:D001008,Disease) :: ['Anxiety']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Hand/wrist and dental radiographs are important for @entity170 in @entity3528 ( @entity3528 ). This study evaluated whether a correlation exists between the effects of the disease on the hands and jaws, and investigated the association between @entity170 progression in the hands and @entity461 ( @entity461 ) levels in @entity740 ( @entity740 ) @entity1 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four panoramic radiographic parameters (mental index, mandibular cortical index, trabecular bone pattern, and @entity730 /resorption) and four corresponding hand/wrist radiographic parameters (metacarpal cortical thickness, phalangeal cortical index, trabecular bone pattern, and @entity730 /resorption) were applied to investigate possible correlation between the effects of @entity3528 on the jaws and hands/wrists, by Spearman's correlation coefficient. @entity461 levels and the hand/wrist radiographic parameters were also tested by spearman's correlation coefficient (p   <   0.05). The presence of @entity5 , @entity729 , and @entity690 on the hands was also evaluated. RESULTS: Mandibular cortical index was strongly correlated with the phalangeal cortical index (p   =   0.000). Phalangeal cortical index and trabecular bone pattern of hand/wrist correlated with @entity461 levels (0.002 and 0.000, respectively). @entity5 occurred in four @entity740 @entity1 , while both @entity729 and @entity690 were observed in 19 @entity1 . CONCLUSION: There is a significant correlation between the morphological changes caused by @entity3528 in hand and jaw bones. The morphological status can be assessed using the mandibular cortical index, besides the phalangeal cortical index. The latter correlates well with @entity461 levels of advanced @entity740 . CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Panoramic images reveal morphological changes in the jaw bone, indicating likewise changes in the hand/wrist in severe @entity3528 . The severity of the bone changes may be a reflection of the @entity461 levels in advanced @entity740 .

title: Correlation between hand/wrist and panoramic radiographs in severe XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['brown tumors', 'Brown tumors']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis analysis', 'osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity3528 :: ('MESH:D006962', 'Disease') :: ['secondary hyperparathyroidism', 'SHPT']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['CKD', 'chronic kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['calcification']

entities_list: @entity690 :: ('MESH:D030981', 'Disease') :: ['acroosteolysis']

entities_list: @entity729 :: ('MESH:D061205', 'Disease') :: ['vascular calcifications']

entities_list: @entity461 :: ('5741', 'Gene') :: ['PTH', 'parathyroid hormone']

answer: @entity3528 :: (MESH:D006962,Disease) :: ['secondary hyperparathyroidism']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Appendiceal perforation in @entity1 with @entity697 may cause a variety of potentially life-threatening complications. @entity526 endotoxin has been shown to impact physiological bile flow in vivo. This had led to the theory that @entity3638 in @entity1 with @entity698 may have a predictive potential for the preoperative diagnosis of appendiceal perforation. The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the diagnostic value of @entity3638 as a preoperative laboratory marker for appendiceal perforation in @entity1 with @entity697 . METHODS: We identified 538 @entity1 (306 female; 232 male, mean age, 35.6 y) with histologically proved @entity697 who underwent laparoscopic or conventional appendectomy between January 2004 and December 2007 in a surgical department of an @entity4207 teaching hospital. A retrospective multiple chart review of the medical records including laboratory values and histologic results was conducted. RESULTS: The mean @entity648 level of all @entity1 was .9 mg/dL (+/-.6 SD mg/dL; range, .1-4.3 mg/dL; median, .7 mg/dL). @entity1 with appendiceal perforation, however, had a mean @entity648 level of 1.5 mg/dL (+/-.9 SD mg/dL; range, .4-4.3 mg/dL; median, 1.4 mg/dL), which was significantly higher than those with a nonperforated @entity698 (P < .05). The specificity of @entity3638 for appendiceal perforation was .86 compared with .55 for white blood count and .35 for @entity1851 . Sensitivity was .7 compared with .81 for white blood count and .96 for @entity1851 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with @entity3638 and clinical symptoms of @entity698 should be identified as having a higher probability of appendiceal perforation than those with normal @entity648 levels.

title: Diagnostic value of XXXX as a predictive factor for appendiceal perforation in @entity697 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute appendicitis']

entities_list: @entity698 :: ('MESH:D001064', 'Disease') :: ['appendicitis']

entities_list: @entity648 :: ('MESH:D001663', 'Chemical') :: ['bilirubin']

entities_list: @entity3638 :: ('MESH:D006932', 'Disease') :: ['hyperbilirubinemia']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

answer: @entity3638 :: (MESH:D006932,Disease) :: ['hyperbilirubinemia']


abstract: Endoscopists describe @entity2 lesions using varying terminology. This study aimed to assess the probability of @entity5 in terms of endoscopic findings expressed in an original classification system. The endoscopic lesions were classified as infiltrations (superficial lesions without a clear border with normal mucosa) or masses (exophytic lesions easily distinguished from the bronchial wall). Each lesion was categorized according to 3 grades reflecting probability of @entity5 . A grade I infiltration was a lesion presenting 1 of the following characteristics: loss of luster, increased thickness, or redness, with a smooth surface. A grade II infiltration presented 2 of the aforementioned characteristics, with a rough surface. A grade III infiltration presented 3 of those characteristics. A grade I mass was an exophytic lesion with a smooth surface, uniformly colored. A grade II mass presented a smooth surface of a distinct color, and a grade III mass had a rough surface and irregular coloring. We assessed 377 @entity1 with suspicion of @entity5 . Twenty-three percent of the infiltrations were grade I @entity189 , 74% were grade II, and 95% were grade III. Twenty-three percent of masses were grade I, 77% were grade II, and 97% were grade III. The probability of @entity5 increased significantly with grade (P< .001) for both types of lesion. In summary, there is a positive correlation between the terms used and the probability of @entity189 . Most @entity75 were @entity189 , but apparently innocuous grade I lesions could be @entity189 in a significant number of cases.

title: [Proposed terms for @entity75 in XXXX suspected of having a bronchial neoplasm].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplastic disease', 'malignancy', 'neoplasm']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['grade III lesions']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomas', 'carcinoma']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2411 is a chronic @entity2531 and @entity239 is a chronic widespread musculoskeletal @entity2531 , both of unknown etiology. Association of these conditions is well documented. Intravaginal algometer measurement of tenderness to pressure applied to the pelvic floor muscles helps define @entity2411 associated with musculoskeletal factors. @entity1 with both @entity2411 and @entity239 might have increased pelvic @entity925 compared to @entity1 with @entity2411 alone, defining the possible link of these 2 conditions. OBJECTIVE: We sought to: (1) correlate @entity158 intensity during the nongenital tender point tenderness examination to @entity158 intensity with the  vaginal algometer in @entity1 with provoked @entity2411 , and (2) determine whether subjects with provoked @entity2411 and @entity239 had @entity158 intensity scores with the vaginal algometer than those without @entity239 . STUDY DESIGN: In all, 92 subjects referred for @entity158 were confirmed to have provoked @entity2411 using the @entity2708 swab test. A diagnosis of @entity239 was made if @entity158 was present (numeric rating scale >1) in at least 11 sites of the 18-point nongenital tender point tenderness exam. @entity158 sensitivity was measured using an intravaginal pressure algometer, where 0.1, 0.3, and 0.5 kg/cm(2) forces were applied digitally in random assignment by force and location to the right and left iliococcygeus muscle regions and the posterior vaginal wall. Both tender point tenderness and @entity158 intensity were reported on a 0 (no @entity158 ) to 10 ( @entity158 ) numeric rating scale. Correlations were computed between the composite @entity158 intensity (total of rating scale from each pressure threshold at specified site) of nongenital and those of iliococcygeus regions and the posterior vaginal wall. Independent t tests were used to determine differences in iliococcygeus regions and the posterior vaginal @entity158 ratings and presence or absence of @entity239 . The significance level was at P < .05. The data were expressed as mean    SD. RESULTS: A significant correlation was found between numeric rating scale @entity158 scores on the nongenital tender point tenderness exam and algometer testing on the iliococcygeus region (r  = 0.44, P < .0001) and the posterior vaginal wall (r  = 0.45, P < .0001). Subjects with @entity239 by tender point tenderness had significantly higher @entity158 (6.14    2.07 vs 3.74    2.22, P  = .0001) and posterior vaginal wall @entity158 (5.67    2.10 vs 3.07    2.16, P < .0001) than @entity1 without @entity239 by tender point tenderness. CONCLUSION: @entity1 with provoked @entity2411 who experience more severe @entity158 with nongenital tender point palpation also experience more deep vaginal @entity158 on pelvic exam. Those who fulfill the diagnosis of @entity239 show significantly more intense deep vaginal @entity158 to palpation of iliococcygeus muscles and posterior vaginal wall. Further research using a more precise definition of @entity239 is necessary to confirm this relationship, but findings suggest that @entity1 with provoked @entity2411 coexisting with @entity239 have greater risk of superimposed @entity925 and may be candidates for early adjunctive pelvic floor physical therapy. These findings need to be explored in @entity1 with generalized, nonprovoked @entity2411 .

title: Relationship between nongenital tender point tenderness  and @entity925 intensity: ratings  in XXXX with provoked @entity2411 and  implications for treatment.

entities_list: @entity239 :: ('MESH:D005356', 'Disease') :: ['fibromyalgia']

entities_list: @entity2411 :: ('MESH:D056650', 'Disease') :: ['Vulvodynia', 'vestibulodynia', 'vulvodynia']

entities_list: @entity2531 :: ('MESH:D013001', 'Disease') :: ['vulvar pain disorder', 'pain disorder']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['algometer pain', 'higher pain', 'worse pain', 'Vaginal pain', 'pain', 'iliococcygeal pain', 'vulvar pain']

entities_list: @entity925 :: ('MESH:D063806', 'Disease') :: ['muscle pain', 'vaginal muscle pain']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: AIM: As pointed in ESPEN guidelines on the use of bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), "body cell mass ( @entity1358 ) is the protein rich compartment which is affected in catabolic states, and loss of @entity1358 is associated with poor clinical outcome". Whey proteins are known to improve lean mass in many conditions. We retrospectively evaluated the effects of a WP concentrate with high @entity462 content (WPHCC) on @entity1358 of 262 sarcopenic tube fed @entity1 (pts). METHODS: Two hundred sixty-two sarcopenic tube fed pts (130 males, mean age 68,1  15,6 years) were given daily supplemental WPHCC (0.7  0.2 g/kg body weight) after their usual feeding formula, with the aim to improve their @entity1358 . Each @entity1 received a multifrequency impedance test before and after the beginning of WPHCC supplementation (mean follow-up: 4.2  2.8 months). Fifty percent of @entity1 were affected by @entity179 , 36% by @entity5 , 14% by other conditions. RESULTS: @entity1358 , body weight and fat mass significantly improved (P<0.01) after treatment. No severe side effects were recorded. A slight increase in blood @entity1133 was observed. CONCLUSION: In our population WPHCC have been safe and effective in improving @entity1358 . WPHCC could be useful to improve @entity1358 in sarcopenic tube fed pts, although renal function should be monitored.

title: [Retrospective study on the effects of a whey protein concentrate on body composition in 262 sarcopenic tube fed XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity462 :: ('MESH:D003545', 'Chemical') :: ['cysteine']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['neurodegenerative diseases']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs) are capable of repairing wounded lung epithelial cells by donating cytoplasmic material and mitochondria. Recently, we characterized two populations of @entity1 lung-derived mesenchymal stromal cells isolated from digested parenchymal lung tissue (LT-MSCs) from healthy individuals or from lung transplant recipients' bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL-MSCs). The aim of this study was to determine whether LT-MSCs and BAL-MSCs are also capable of donating cytoplasmic content and mitochondria to lung epithelial cells. METHODS: Cytoplasmic and mitochondrial transfer was assessed by co-culturing BEAS2B epithelial cells with @entity10857 or Mitotracker Green FM-labelled MSCs. Transfer was then measured by flow cytometry and validated by fluorescent microscopy. Molecular inhibitors were used to determine the contribution of microtubules/tunnelling nanotubes (TNTs, cytochalasin D), gap junctions ( @entity8743 ), @entity495 (gap26) and microvesicles (dynasore). RESULTS: F-actin microtubules/TNTs extending from BM-MSCs, LT-MSCs and BAL-MSCs to bronchial epithelial cells formed within 45  minutes of co-culturing cells. Each MSC population transferred a similar volume of cytoplasmic content to epithelial cells. Inhibiting microtubule/TNTs, gap junction formation and microvesicle endocytosis abrogated the transfer of cytoplasmic material from BM-MSCs, LT-MSCs and BAL-MSCs to epithelial cells. In contrast, blocking @entity495 gap junction formation had no effect on cytoplasmic transfer. All MSC populations donated mitochondria to bronchial epithelial cells with similar efficiency. Mitochondrial transfer was reduced in all co-cultures after microtubule/TNT or endocytosis inhibition. Gap junction formation inhibition reduced mitochondrial transfer in BM-MSC and BAL-MSC co-cultures but had no effect on transfer in LT-MSC co-cultures. @entity495 inhibition did not impact mitochondrial transfer. Finally, bronchial epithelial cells were incapable of donating cytoplasmic content or mitochondria to any MSC population. CONCLUSION: Similar to their bone marrow counterparts, LT-MSCs and BAL-MSCs can donate cytoplasmic content and mitochondria to bronchial epithelial cells via multiple mechanisms. Given that BM-MSCs utilize these mechanisms to mediate the repair of damaged bronchial epithelial cells, both LT-MSCs and BAL-MSCs will probably function similarly.

title: Characterization of intercellular communication and mitochondrial donation by mesenchymal stromal cells derived from the XXXX lung.

entities_list: @entity10857 :: ('MESH:C085925', 'Chemical') :: ['Calcein AM']

entities_list: @entity8743 :: ('MESH:D002229', 'Chemical') :: ['carbenoxolone']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Persistent @entity281 with high-risk @entity1082 ) is a major risk factor for @entity5 . A widely studied element in the search for genetic factors influencing risk HPV @entity281 is allelic variation of the human @entity4107 locus. The study was designed to search for @entity4107 susceptibility alleles contributing to the persistence of @entity1083 in Mexican @entity1 . METHODS: A total of 172 subjects were divided into three groups: 1) HPV-persistent @entity1 ; 2) HPV-cleared; and 3) HPV-reinfected @entity1 . They were screened for HPV types using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR). PCR-sequence specific oligonucleotide probes (PCR-SSOP) was used for @entity1533 and @entity3098 typing. RESULTS: We observed that @entity3098 *0501 allele might be associated with susceptibility of reinfection with HPV (p   =   0.01, OR   =   4.9, CI 95%   =   1.3 -18.7). Allele frequency of @entity1533 *14 was particularly reduced in @entity1 with @entity5 when compared with the HPV-persistent group (p   =   0.04), suggesting that this allele is a possible protective factor for the development of @entity5 (OR   =   2.98). @entity1533 *07 might be associated with viral clearance (p   =   0.04). CONCLUSIONS: Genetic markers for @entity1083 susceptibility are different in each population, in Mexicans several @entity3098 alleles might be associated with an enhanced risk for viral persistence. In contrast, @entity1533 *14, seems to confer protection against @entity5 .

title: @entity4107 - @entity1533 Class II antigen level alleles are associated with persistent XXXX in Mexican @entity1 ; a pilot study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'cervical cancer', 'malignant lesions and cervical cancer']

entities_list: @entity1083 :: ('MESH:D030361', 'Disease') :: ['HPV infection']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection', 'infection diseases']

entities_list: @entity1082 :: ('10566', 'Species') :: ['human papillomavirus (HPV']

entities_list: @entity4107 :: ('3126', 'Gene') :: ['leukocyte antigen (HLA)', 'HLA']

answer: @entity1083 :: (MESH:D030361,Disease) :: ['HPV infection']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the therapeutic effect and the prognosis of the laryngeal function preserving surgery (LFPS) and total laryngectomy in @entity189 . METHOD: Ninety-three cases of @entity189 were retrospectively analyzed from September 1974 to September 2006. Among which 57 cases were primary pyriform @entity5 , 20 cases were postero-cricoid @entity5 and 16 cases were postero-pharyngeal wall @entity5 . 53 cases were treated by LFPS, and 40 cases were treated by total laryngectomy. The treatment effectiveness, complication, survival rate and repair materials were analysed. RESULT: Adopting Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, the 3-year survival rates were 69.9% and 5-year survival rates were 43.0%. The 3-year survival rates of LFPS and Non-LFPS were 73.6% and 67.5%, and the 5-year survival rates of LFPS and Non-LFPS were 49.1% and 32. 5%. There was no significant difference between the two groups (chi2 = 2.566, P > 0.05). Single element analysis indicated survival rates concerned with T-stage (chi2 = 9.764, P < 0.05), neck lymphatic transfer (chi2 = 10.472, P < 0.01) and the degree of pathological differentiation (chi2 = 25.894, P < 0.01). Cox regression analysis suggested that T-stage, the degree of pathological differentiation and whether going through the surgical operation were the independent element of the @entity1 's prognosis. There was no significant difference between LFPS and No-LFPS in the @entity5 location, complication, @entity5 residuum and @entity5 recurrence. CONCLUSION: LFPS did not affect the survival rates and LFPS was feasible. LFPS can increase the living quality of @entity189 @entity1 .

title: [Treatment and clinical analysis of laryngeal function preserving surgery in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['sinus cancer', 'cancer', 'neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['laryngopharynx carcinoma', 'hypopharyngeal carcinoma']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['hypopharyngeal carcinoma']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity418 is one of the most aggressive and deadly forms of @entity5 ; highlighting the need to identify biomarkers for early detection and prognostic classification. Our recent studies have identified inflammatory gene and microRNA signatures derived from @entity5 and nontumor tissues as prognostic biomarkers of hepatocellular, lung, and @entity14 . Here, we examine the relationship between expression of these inflammatory genes and micro RNA (miRNA) expression in @entity420 and @entity1 survival. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We measured the expression of 23 @entity32 -associated genes in @entity5 and adjacent normal tissues from 93 @entity1 (58 Barrett's and 35 @entity420 ) by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. These data were used to build an inflammatory risk model, based on multivariate Cox regression, to predict survival in a training cohort (n = 47). We then determined whether this model could predict survival in a cohort of 46 @entity1 . Expression data for @entity26261 were available for these @entity1 and was combined with inflammatory gene expression. RESULTS: @entity379 , @entity1192 , @entity687 , @entity15787 , @entity4452 , and proteoglycan expression in @entity5 and nontumor samples were each associated with poor prognosis based on Cox regression [(Z-score)>1.5] and therefore were used to generate an inflammatory risk score (IRS). @entity1 with a high IRS had poor prognosis compared with those with a low IRS in the training (P = 0.002) and test (P = 0.012) cohorts. This association was stronger in the group with Barrett's history. When combining with @entity26261 , the combined IRS/ @entity11216 signature was an improved prognostic classifier than either one alone. CONCLUSION: Transcriptional profiling of @entity32 -associated genes and miRNA expression in resected esophageal Barrett's-associated @entity420 tissues may have clinical utility as predictors of prognosis.

title: Inflammatory and microRNA gene expression as prognostic classifier of Barrett's-associated XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity418 :: ('MESH:D004938', 'Disease') :: ['Esophageal cancer']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['Sporadic adenocarcinomas', 'esophageal adenocarcinoma', 'adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity420 :: (MESH:D000230,Disease) :: ['esophageal adenocarcinoma']


abstract: This study was designed to test the effects of @entity10026 and @entity8160 ( @entity8160 ) on stress-induced @entity1066 and on the antral content of @entity9113 and @entity1943 (SLI) in @entity35 . Four groups of 14 to 15 @entity35 had been prepared for 7 days by one of the following methods: saline injection (control); injection of @entity10026 (250 micrograms/kg, 3 times/day); injection of @entity8160 (10 micrograms/kg, 3 times/day); or injection of @entity8160 plus @entity10026 . At the end of the treatment period, half of each group of @entity35 were sacrificed (nonstress group). There were no ulcers in the nonstress control groups of @entity35 . Stress was applied by water immersion in the remaining half of the @entity35 . The injections of @entity10026 and/or @entity8160 resulted in substantial increase in antral content of SLI. After 20 hours of stress, the @entity1066 index was 40.5 +/- 3.3 in the controls, compared to 6.4 +/- 1.2 and 16.2 +/- 2.3 in @entity35 that received @entity10026 or @entity8160 , respectively. Injections of both @entity10026 and @entity8160 resulted in an @entity1066 index of 26.2 +/- 2.0, which was significantly lower than that in controls, but higher than that in @entity35 treated with either peptide alone. The stress resulted in significant decrease in antral SLI in all groups of @entity35 , whereas SLI content in @entity35 treated with @entity10026 and/or @entity8160 remained significantly higher than that of controls. Antral content of @entity9113 did not differ significantly in the four groups tested. The @entity1066 index was inversely correlated with antral SLI content. We confirm and extend previous observations that @entity10026 and @entity8160 prevent stress @entity1066 formation, and suggest that endogenous SLI may account, at least in part, for their antiulcer activity.

title: Cytoprotective effect of @entity10026 and @entity8160 on stress XXXX formation. Possible role of @entity1943 .

entities_list: @entity8160 :: ('25313(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['EGF', 'epidermal growth factor']

entities_list: @entity10026 :: ('MESH:D010418', 'Chemical') :: ['pentagastrin']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulcer', 'ulceration']

entities_list: @entity1943 :: ('MESH:D013004', 'Chemical') :: ['somatostatin']

answer: @entity1066 :: (MESH:D014456,Disease) :: ['ulcer']


abstract: @entity170 becomes a common pathologic feature in @entity1 given a long-term @entity228 treatment: actually, bone formation proves decreased, and bone resorption increased. Said reduced bone formation is ascribable to an inhibited osteoblastic function: on the contrary, increased bone resorption may be ascribed to a suppressed intestinal @entity460 absorption with a consequent secondary increase in the parathyroid hormone secretion. The present trial had the purpose of assessing the BMC (Bone Mineral Content) in 10 @entity1 with @entity66 , such as pemphigus and pemphigoid, in the course of treatment with @entity228 agents and nasal spray salmon calcitonin (sCT). The @entity1 , 3 males and 7 females, mean age 62.9 years (min 33, max 93) were given intranasal sCT at the dosage regimen of 200 IU/day/6 months. No @entity1 had previously received @entity228 treatment. Six @entity1 were given @entity5935 , and 4 @entity1667 , compared thereafter with @entity701 ; the minimum dose was 70 mg and the maximum dose 400 mg. To evaluate the BMC, the @entity1 were subjected to a single photon absorption densitometry (SPA). Distal radius determinations were reasonably related with the axial skeleton BMC. Determinations were carried out at the start of the trial, at the 3rd month as well as the end of treatment. At the start of the trial, the mean BMC was 0.765 (+/- SE 0.056) calculated at the radial distal end; at the 6th month of treatment the mean BMC resulted to be 0.847 (+/- SE 0.059). Actually, as reported by various investigators, BMC may attain an over 10% loss in the course of a @entity228 treatment, an evidence that is not encountered in the case of an intranasal sCT administration.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Use of salmon calcitonin nasal spray in the prevention of XXXX -induced @entity170 in @entity66 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1667 :: ('MESH:D008775', 'Chemical') :: ['methylprednisolone']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['bullous diseases']

entities_list: @entity5935 :: ('MESH:D001623', 'Chemical') :: ['betamethasone']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['Osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity228 :: ('CHEBI:50858', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroid']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrocortisone']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

answer: @entity228 :: (CHEBI:50858,Chemical) :: ['corticosteroid']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Neurologic involvement has been reported to occur in @entity1 with @entity8314 ( @entity8314 ), although the significance of these findings is unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine if @entity1276 / @entity4651 is a manifestation of @entity8314 . METHODS: @entity1 from the Hospital for Sick @entity1 in Toronto, Canada whose mothers had anti-Ro antibodies were followed prospectively. A total of 87 @entity1 were seen in the study period (1999-2004). The maternal autoantibody status of all @entity1 was documented, and all @entity1 underwent full clinical examination at each visit. RESULTS: Of the 87 @entity1 , 47 had @entity8314 . Five of the 47 @entity1 with @entity8314 and 2 of the healthy @entity1 had @entity1276 , resulting in a prevalence of 8.0% (95% confidence interval 4.0-15.0%) in the entire cohort. This is significantly higher than the prevalence in the general population of 0.048-0.081%. Head circumference measurements of @entity1 in the Toronto cohort were largest between 12-24 months of age (Z score difference = 0.71, P = 0.008). CONCLUSION: We suggest that @entity1276 and @entity4651 are manifestations of @entity8314 and that @entity1 born to mothers with anti-Ro antibodies should be carefully monitored for @entity1276 as part of their routine physical examination.

title: @entity1276 and @entity4651 : new manifestations of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Children', 'infants', 'Infants']

entities_list: @entity4651 :: ('MESH:D058627', 'Disease') :: ['macrocephaly']

entities_list: @entity8314 :: ('MESH:C536397', 'Disease') :: ['neonatal lupus erythematosus', 'NLE']

entities_list: @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['hydrocephalus']

answer: @entity8314 :: (MESH:C536397,Disease) :: ['neonatal lupus erythematosus']


abstract: Past wartime experience and recent civilian reports indicate @entity2045 ( @entity2045 ) @entity1317 occurs less often and with less limb loss than lower extremity (LE) injury. Given advances in critical care, damage control techniques, and military armor technology, the objective of this evaluation was to define contemporary patterns of @entity130 and effectiveness of vascular surgical management in @entity1317 during Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF). From 1 September 2004 through 31 August 2005, 2,473 combat-related @entity130 were treated at the central echelon III surgical facility in Iraq. @entity1 with @entity2045 @entity1317 upon arrival were reviewed. Vessels injured were delineated. Therapeutic interventions, early limb viability, and complication rates following vascular repair were recorded. Of casualties treated during the study period, 43 (1.7%) @entity2045 and 83 (3.3%) LE @entity1317 were identified. Of the @entity2045 @entity130 , 11 (26%) had been operated on at forward locations and six (14%) had temporary shunts in place upon arrival at our facility. Injury levels included 10 (23%) subclavian-axillary, 25 (58%) brachial, and 10 (23%) distal to the brachial bifurcation. Two @entity1 had multilevel injury. Twenty-eight grafts were placed, and 10 vessel repairs and eight ligations were performed. Two (4.7%) brachial interposition grafts required removal due to @entity281 . Four (9.3%) subacute brachial graft @entity715 occurred. Four (9.3%) @entity1 underwent early @entity2045 amputation. In this most recent U.S. military evaluation of wartime @entity1317 , @entity130 appears rare, with @entity130 twice as frequent. Yet, @entity2045 limb loss appears more substantial than noted previously. These findings are likely related to significant tissue destruction occurring with the combined mechanisms of injury sustained in OIF.

title: Upper XXXX : a current in-theater wartime report from Operation Iraqi Freedom.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2045 :: ('MESH:D009207', 'Disease') :: ['UE', 'upper extremity']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity1317 :: ('MESH:D057772', 'Disease') :: ['vascular injury', 'vascular injuries', 'UE vascular injury']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thromboses']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['LE injury', 'injuries', 'UE injury']

answer: @entity1317 :: (MESH:D057772,Disease) :: ['extremity vascular injury']


abstract: PURPOSE: Preclinical studies in @entity1 @entity320 cell lines and @entity19 xenograft @entity5 models suggest that the proteasome inhibitor @entity1749 enhances the activity of the cytotoxic agent @entity2699 . We performed a phase I trial of @entity1749 and @entity2699 in @entity320 , soft tissue @entity242 , and @entity6115 precursor uptake and decarboxylation @entity5 . The primary objective was to identify recommended phase II doses for the combination. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: @entity1749 and @entity2699 were both administered intravenously once weekly. All @entity1 received prophylactic antiemetics. Dose escalation proceeded using a standard 3 + 3 design. Response was assessed according to NCI RECIST v1.0. RESULTS: Twenty eight @entity1 were enrolled to six dose levels. @entity1749 1.6 mg/m(2) and @entity2699 580 mg/m(2) are the recommended phase II weekly doses. The combination was generally well tolerated. Among 15 @entity1 with @entity320 there was one durable complete response in a @entity1 with an exon-11 cKIT mutation, and one partial response. Among 12 @entity1 with soft tissue @entity242 there was one partial response. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1749 1.6 mg/m(2) and @entity2699 580 mg/m(2) administered intravenously once weekly is well tolerated and has at least minimal activity in @entity320 and soft tissue @entity242 .

title: Phase I trial of @entity1749 and @entity2699 in XXXX and soft tissue @entity242 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2699 :: ('MESH:D003606', 'Chemical') :: ['dacarbazine']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1749 :: ('MESH:C400082', 'Chemical') :: ['bortezomib', 'Bortezomib']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma']

answer: @entity320 :: (MESH:D008545,Disease) :: ['melanoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Identifying strong markers of prognosis is critical to optimize treatment and survival outcomes in @entity1 with @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ). The authors investigated the prognostic significance of preoperative @entity410 (peak @entity26 consumption [VO(2peak)]) among operable candidates with @entity1149 . METHODS: By using a prospective design, 398 @entity1 with potentially resectable @entity1149 enrolled in @entity5 and @entity1778 Group B 9238 were recruited between 1993 and 1998. @entity1 performed a cardiopulmonary exercise test to assess VO(2peak) and were observed until death or June 2008. Cox proportional models were used to estimate the risk of all-cause mortality according to @entity410 category defined by VO(2peak) tertiles (<0.96 of 0.96-1.29/>1.29 L/min     ) with adjustment for age, sex, and performance status. RESULTS: Median follow-up was 30.8 months; 294 @entity204 were reported during this period. Compared with @entity1 achieving a VO(2peak) <0.96 L/min     , the adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for all-cause mortality was 0.64 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.46-0.88) for a VO(2peak) of 0.96 to 1.29 L/min     , and 0.56 (95% CI, 0.39-0.80) for a VO(2peak) of >1.29 L/min     ) (P(trend) = .0037). The corresponding HRs for resected @entity1 were 0.66 (95% CI, 0.46-0.95) and 0.59 (95% CI, 0.40-0.89) relative to the lowest VO(2peak) category (P(trend) = .0247), respectively. For nonresected @entity1 , the HRs were 0.78 (95% CI, 0.34-1.79) and 0.39 (95% CI, 0.16-0.94) relative to the lowest category (P(trend) = .0278). CONCLUSIONS: VO(2peak) is a strong independent predictor of survival in @entity1149 that may complement traditional markers of prognosis to improve risk stratification and prognostication.

title: Peak XXXX consumption and long-term all-cause mortality in @entity1149 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['cardiorespiratory fitness']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cancer']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'nonsmall cell lung cancer']

answer: @entity26 :: (MESH:D010100,Chemical) :: ['oxygen']


abstract: Integrins mechanically link the cytoskeleton to the extracellular matrix in cardiac myocytes and are thereby involved in mechanotransduction. Integrins appear to be necessary for cardiac myocyte @entity1184 . To determine the effect of increased integrin ligation and signaling on adult cardiac function, a heart-specific truncated alpha(5) integrin (gain of function) was conditionally expressed in @entity19 . Four days later, we observed an 80% reduction in amplitude of the QRS complex, profound @entity299 , decreased @entity16899 , loss of gap junctions, and abnormal intercalated discs. Surprisingly, isolated left ventricular myocytes contracted normally and exhibited normal @entity141 transients. This suggested that cell/cell electrical and/or mechanical coupling was disrupted. To distinguish electrical from mechanical coupling deficits, we compared the papillary muscle force generated by electrically stimulated versus rapid cooling contractions in which intracellular @entity141 is released without electrical depolarization. Both were decreased in the transgenic muscle. However, electrically stimulated contractions were more significantly reduced than rapid cooling contractures. This suggests a component of cell/cell electrical uncoupling. Optical mapping revealed a loss of the normal elliptical isochronal activation pattern implying a loss of preferential conduction through gap junctions. For the first time, we have shown that integrins can regulate both mechanical and electrical coupling in the adult heart, even in the absence of primary hemodynamic alterations. Furthermore, we demonstrated that unregulated integrin activation leads to both @entity409 and @entity943 .

title: Integrin activation in the heart: a link between electrical and XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['contractile dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['systolic dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmias']

answer: @entity409 :: (MESH:D008107,Disease) :: ['contractile dysfunction']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Cytokines are @entity158 mediators in @entity32 . This study examined @entity650 ( @entity650 ) levels in the serum of @entity2701 ( @entity2701 ) @entity1 , to determine if @entity32 plays a role in the pathogenesis of this condition. METHODS: Serum @entity650 levels were studied in 42 @entity1 and 37 healthy controls from the same region. Of the @entity1 , 20 (47.6%) experiencing @entity2701 less than 15 days per month were placed in @entity2701 ( @entity2701 ) group, and 22 (52.3%) with @entity2701 more than 15 days per month were placed in chronic @entity2701 (CTTH) group. RESULTS: The @entity650 level was significantly higher in the @entity1 than in the controls. The @entity650 level of CTTH @entity1 was higher than the controls (P<0.01). The @entity650 level was similar between @entity2701 and CTTH @entity1 . Correlation analysis revealed a positive relationship only between age and @entity650 level in the @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: CTTH and @entity2701 @entity1 had an elevated serum @entity650 level compared with controls. Therefore, we believe that @entity650 may be involved in @entity158 induction or inflammatory mechanisms in @entity2701 . Furthermore studies of the possible connection between chronicity of @entity10 and cytokine levels are needed.

title: XXXX levels in tension @entity10 @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation', 'neurovascular inflammation']

entities_list: @entity2701 :: ('MESH:D018781', 'Disease') :: ['episodic tension-type headache', 'ETTH', 'tension-type headache', 'TTH']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headaches']

answer: @entity650 :: (3569,Gene) :: ['Interleukin-6']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The efficacy and safety of rituximab when not associated with other immunosuppressive therapy in induction of remission of proliferative @entity1988 (PLN) has not until now been proven. METHODS: We report on 3 @entity1 with PLN (class IV), 1 with a nephritic flare and 2 with a proteinuric flare (all with @entity1985 ( @entity1985 )) treated with 3 intravenous @entity1667 pulses for 3 consecutive days and with rituximab at day 3 and day 18 associated with oral @entity229 . At the beginning of the fourth month of therapy, @entity618 was combined with @entity229 . RESULTS: Three months after the beginning of therapy, renal function improved in the @entity1 with the nephritic flare, and @entity644 fell to within the non-nephrotic range in all 3 @entity1 . At the end of a follow-up of 24 months, the @entity1 with the nephritic flare had normal renal function (serum @entity1011 from 1.7 to 1 mg/dL) and mild @entity644 (from 6 to 0.7 g/24 hours). The second @entity1 was in complete remission ( @entity644 from 5 to 0.127 g/24 hours) 27 months after the beginning of therapy. In the last @entity1 , followed for 10 months, mild @entity644 persisted (from 6.6 to 0.7 g/24 hours). The therapy was well tolerated by all @entity1 . No adverse effects occurred during the follow-up. CONCLUSION: Although our results must be confirmed by larger prospective studies, rituximab associated with @entity1667 pulses without any other concomitant immunosuppressive drug seems to be effective and safe for induction therapy of severe flares of PLN.

title: Rituximab monotherapy for remission induction of proliferative XXXX flares: description of 3 cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1667 :: ('MESH:D008775', 'Chemical') :: ['methylprednisolone']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity1988 :: ('MESH:D008181', 'Disease') :: ['lupus nephritis']

entities_list: @entity618 :: ('MESH:C063008', 'Chemical') :: ['mycophenolate mofetil']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity1985 :: ('MESH:D009404', 'Disease') :: ['NS', 'nephrotic syndrome']

answer: @entity1988 :: (MESH:D008181,Disease) :: ['lupus nephritis']