abstract: Surface marker expression forms the basis for characterization and isolation of @entity1 embryonic stem cells (hESCs). Currently, there are few well-defined protein epitopes that definitively mark hESCs. Here we combine immunotranscriptional profiling of hESC lines with membrane-polysome translation state array analysis (TSAA) to determine the full set of genes encoding potential hESC surface marker proteins. Three independently isolated hESC lines ( @entity27034 , H9, and @entity27035 ) grown under feeder and feeder-free conditions were sorted into subpopulations by fluorescence-activated cell sorting based on coimmunoreactivity to the hESC surface markers GCTM-2 and @entity6460 . Colony-forming assays confirmed that cells displaying high coimmunoreactivity to GCTM-2 and @entity6460 constitute an enriched subpopulation displaying multiple stem cell properties. Following microarray profiling, 820 genes were identified that were common to the GCTM-2(high)/ @entity6460 (high) stem cell-like subpopulation. Membrane-polysome TSAA analysis of hESCs identified 1,492 mRNAs encoding actively translated plasma membrane and secreted proteins. Combining these data sets, 88 genes encode proteins that mark the pluripotent subpopulation, of which only four had been previously reported. Cell surface immunoreactivity was confirmed for two of these markers: @entity5960 / @entity5960 and @entity19936 /P-Cadherin, with antibodies for @entity5960 able to enrich for pluripotent hESCs. This comprehensive listing of both hESCs and spontaneous differentiation-associated transcripts and survey of translated membrane-bound and secreted proteins provides a valuable resource for future study into the role of the extracellular environment in both the maintenance of pluripotency and directed differentiation.

title: Identification of XXXX embryonic stem cell surface markers by combined membrane-polysome translation state array analysis and immunotranscriptional profiling.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity11 represent approximately 2 to 5% of all high-grade @entity11 which are categorized as multifocal or multicentric depending on the timing, location and pattern of spread. We present a @entity1 with bi-hemispheric, noncontiguous, low- and high-grade @entity11 proven by biopsy. She underwent surgical excision and radiotherapy, but unfortunately succumbed to her disease shortly thereafter. CASE DESCRIPTION: A 64-year-old female presented to the hospital with @entity911 , disorientation and @entity5186 after an unwitnessed fall. There were no symptoms of @entity10 or @entity227 before presentation. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with and without @entity2287 revealed a nonenhancing left temporal lobe mass without surrounding @entity4 , an enhancing left frontal lobe mass with surrounding @entity4 , and an enhancing right parietal lobe mass with surrounding @entity4 . The @entity1 underwent a left frontal craniotomy with gross total resection of the left frontal mass and a left temporal craniotomy, anterior temporal lobectomy and sub-total resection of the temporal lobe mass. Intraoperative Brainlab   image-guided navigation was used. Postoperative treatment consisted of radiotherapy. CONCLUSION: This is the first reported case of multiple separate @entity5 , each with differing grades in which an MRI can be correlated with the tissue diagnoses. This case also highlights the possible mechanisms of transformation of @entity5 in the continuum from benign to malignant forms, lending insight to the possibility of using advanced genetic analysis in the treatment and diagnosis of these entities.

title: A @entity1 with XXXX of distinctly different grades and correlative radiographic findings.

entities_list: @entity5186 :: ('MESH:D000648', 'Disease') :: ['retrograde amnesia']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual disturbances']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['glial tumors']

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['Multiple gliomas', 'gliomas']

entities_list: @entity911 :: ('MESH:D003221', 'Disease') :: ['confusion']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headaches']

entities_list: @entity2287 :: ('MESH:D005682', 'Chemical') :: ['gadolinium']

answer: @entity11 :: (MESH:D005910,Disease) :: ['multiple synchronous gliomas']


abstract: This study examined the course of clinically significant @entity73 in hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT), using a @entity894 ( @entity894 ). Neuropsychological evaluations were administered to 117 @entity1 before HSCT. Thirty-three received subsequent evaluations 6 and 28 weeks later. Of 117 @entity1 , 39% were classified as impaired before HSCT. Of the 33 receiving subsequent evaluations, 47% showed reliable decline at 6-weeks; of these, 33% showed reliable decline again at 28-weeks. Mood and QOL did not account for declines. Verbal learning, psychomotor speed, and executive function showed greatest vulnerability to pre-HSCT impairment, and verbal learning showed greatest likelihood of further, subsequent decline. In conclusion, a subgroup of @entity1 showed @entity73 before HSCT, indicating that factors other than HSCT contributed to @entity73 . Another subgroup showed further decline after HSCT. This study demonstrated the utility of the @entity894 in describing @entity73 in HSCT @entity1 .

title: Course of XXXX in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a within-subjects design.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment', 'cognitive change', 'cognitive deficits']

entities_list: @entity894 :: ('MESH:C566784', 'Disease') :: ['Reliable Change Index', 'RCI']

answer: @entity73 :: (MESH:D003072,Disease) :: ['cognitive decline']


abstract: @entity19 UBPy (mUBPy) belongs to the family of ubiquitin-specific processing proteases (UBPs). In this study we have investigated the expression of mUBPy in the brain and sensory organs of @entity19 at different embryonic stages (E9, E11, @entity9073 , @entity9074 , @entity5355 , @entity5356 ) and during the postnatal stages P0, P1, P2, @entity26445 using Western blot and immunohistochemistry. mUBPy-immunoreactive cell bodies first appeared at stage E11 in several brain regions, particularly in the walls surrounding the vesicles and the ventricles. Subsequently, at stage @entity9073 , new mUBPy-positive cells appeared in the corpus striatum, the caudate nucleus, the thalamus, the epithalamus, the hypothalamus and the pons. At @entity9074 the mUBPy pattern was very similar to that observed at @entity9073 , whereas at stage @entity5355 mUBPy-immunoreactivity significantly decreased and a high number of mUBPy-immunoreactive cells was found only to line the third ventricle and within the mantle layer of the fourth ventricle. At @entity5356 and P0, no mUBPy-immunoreactive element was found in the brain. At the postnatal stages P2 and P5, mUBPy-positive cells were detected in all subdivisions of the brain, with high concentrations in several cortex regions. Double labeling with the mUBPy antiserum and antisera against specific cell markers showed that the enzyme is expressed both in neurons and astrocytes. Outside the brain, mUBPy was detected, from stage E11, in the eye, within the lens and the @entity267 , in the inner ear, at the level of the cochlear and vestibular systems and in the olfactory epithelium. The spatio-temporal expression of mUBPy suggests that the enzyme may be involved in neuroregulatory processes during embryogenesis.

title: Expression pattern of mUBPy in the brain and sensory organs of XXXX during embryonic development.

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: Cervical lymph node ( @entity7608 ) @entity3 from @entity5 correlates with poor prognosis. Therefore, accurate assessment of @entity7608 status is crucial in treatment planning. However, there are few reports focusing on @entity7608 @entity3 from @entity5 . Further, the growth and progress of the @entity5 are known to be profoundly related to histological malignancy, @entity5 angiogenesis, and lymphangiogenesis. Thus, this study aimed to identify predictive factors for @entity7608 @entity3 in @entity957 (SCC). Initial biopsy specimens obtained from 30 @entity1 with @entity957 were examined to evaluate histological malignancy according to Anneroth's classification. In addition, blood vessel density, lymph vessel density, and lymphatic invasion in the @entity5 were evaluated immunohistochemically using @entity2279 , @entity2280 , D2-40, and @entity1325 / @entity1326 , and then the relationships of @entity7608 @entity3 to these parameters were investigated. Histological malignancy grade, blood vessel density, and lymphatic invasion were significantly related to @entity7608 @entity3 (P < 0.05), but there was no relationship between lymph vessel density and @entity7608 @entity3 . However, double immunostaining showed that lymphatic invasion by @entity5 cells was significantly related to @entity7608 @entity3 . The results indicate that Anneroth's histological malignancy grade of 16 or more, @entity5 blood vessel density of more than 37, and the presence of lymphatic invasion by @entity5 cells can be predictive factors for @entity7608 @entity3 in @entity957 .

title: Relationships of cervical lymph node XXXX to histopathological malignancy grade, @entity5 angiogenesis, and lymphatic invasion in @entity5 .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tongue cancer', 'oral cancer']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['tongue SCC', 'tongue squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'metastases']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['metastasis']


abstract: AIM: To study if T-cell activation related to portasystemic shunting causes osteoclast-mediated @entity604 through @entity9248 -dependent pathways. We also investigated if T-cell inhibition using @entity3446 would protect against @entity604 in @entity35 . METHODS: Portasystemic shunting was performed in male @entity35 and @entity3446 0.1 mg/kg was administered for 15 wk by gavage. @entity35 received powderized chow and supplemental feeds to prevent the effects of @entity79 . @entity1017 and growth was restored after surgery in shunted animals. At termination, biochemical parameters of bone turnover and quantitative bone histology were assessed. Markers of T-cell activation, inflammatory cytokine production, and @entity9248 -dependent pathways were measured. In addition, the roles of @entity2135 and @entity6126 were investigated. RESULTS: Portasystemic shunting caused low turnover @entity170 that was @entity9248 independent. Bone resorbing cytokine levels, including IL-1, @entity23319 , were not increased in serum and @entity1505 and @entity9248 expression were not upregulated in PBMC. Portasystemic shunting increased the circulating CD8+ T-cell population. @entity3446 decreased the circulating CD8+ T-cell population, increased CD8+ CD25+ T-regulatory cell population and improved all parameters of bone turnover. CONCLUSION: @entity170 caused by portasystemic shunting may be partially ameliorated by @entity3446 in the @entity35 model of @entity99 .

title: Effect of @entity3446 on XXXX in @entity35 with portasystemic shunting.

entities_list: @entity604 :: ('MESH:D016301', 'Disease') :: ['bone loss']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['Osteoporosis', 'osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity3446 :: ('MESH:D020123', 'Chemical') :: ['rapamycin', 'Rapamycin']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['malnutrition on bone composition']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['Weight gain']

entities_list: @entity6126 :: ('MESH:D007006', 'Disease') :: ['hypogonadism']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['rat', 'Sprague-Dawley rats', 'Rats', 'rats']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic osteodystrophy']

answer: @entity99 :: (MESH:D056486,Disease) :: ['hepatic osteodystrophy']


abstract: AIM: To document the modes of presentation and the epidemiology of radiologically diagnosed @entity8 over a 1-year period in the region of Christchurch, New Zealand. METHOD: Data on the presentation and epidemiology of @entity8 was prospectively collected in a 1-year cohort of @entity1 who had a new radiological diagnosis of @entity8 . RESULTS: The incidence of new @entity1290 diagnoses was 105 per 100,000 per annum. @entity8 was more common in @entity1 than @entity1 , most common in the three decades from 30 to 59 years, and more common in @entity1 in trades or machine operating jobs. There was no significant difference in incidence by ethnicity or season. 58% of @entity1 presented with stones located in the ureter. @entity1290 tended to be larger and were more likely to present incidentally or with haematuria, whilst ureteric stones were smaller and presented more typically with @entity158 . 33% had a personal history of previous @entity1290 episodes and 20% had a family history of previous stones. CONCLUSIONS: @entity8 is a significant health condition that affects @entity1 of predominantly working ages and @entity1 more than @entity1 . Both personal and family history are significant risk factors. @entity1 presenting with @entity158 are more likely to have stones located in the ureter. @entity1290 are more likely to present with haematuria or incidentally.

title: XXXX in Christchurch, New Zealand. Part 1: presentation and epidemiology.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'people', 'men']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['Renal stone disease', 'renal stone disease', 'Kidney stone disease']

entities_list: @entity1290 :: ('MESH:D007669', 'Disease') :: ['Renal stones', 'renal stone']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['Renal stone disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Keloids are a common problem with significant recurrence rates despite intralesional @entity134 treatment and multimodal therapy. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of using a @entity1487 ( @entity1487 )/ @entity134 mixture to treat keloids over the past 7 years, comparing the results with use of @entity134 treatment alone. METHODS: @entity1 charts from 1999 to 2006 were reviewed. @entity1 were stratified into 3 groups: (1) @entity1487 / @entity134 without excision; (2) @entity1487 / @entity134 with excision; and (3) @entity134 treatment with excision. The percentage of lesion size reduction and symptoms were evaluated. RESULTS: A total of 102 keloids were identified in a retrospective review. @entity1 who underwent the @entity1487 / @entity134 combination with excision had a 92% average reduction in lesion size compared with 73% in the group of @entity1 who did not receive @entity1487 . @entity1 who received @entity1487 / @entity134 without excision had an average lesion size reduction of 81%. Differences in complication rates were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Combination @entity1487 / @entity2713 is superior to intralesional @entity134 therapy in the treatment of keloids.

title: Efficacy of intralesional @entity1487 and XXXX in the treatment of keloids.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity2713 :: ('MESH:D014221', 'Chemical') :: ['triamcinolone']

answer: @entity2713 :: (MESH:D014221,Chemical) :: ['triamcinolone']


abstract: BACKGROUND: There are limited data on the prevalence and the clinical and echocardiographic correlates of pure @entity340 in African Americans despite the higher rates of @entity65 in this group. PURPOSE: The Jackson, Mississippi, site of the @entity731 Risk in Communities study provides a unique opportunity to study @entity339 ( @entity339 ), @entity997 ( @entity997 ), and @entity337 ( @entity337 ) in this population. METHODS: There were 2285 @entity1 who were available for analysis. The prevalence rates of @entity339 , @entity997 , and @entity337 by severity were calculated for @entity1 aged 50 to 59, 60 to 69, and > or = 70 years. Multivariable regression analyses were conducted to determine clinical and echo variables associated with the presence of @entity339 , @entity997 , and @entity337 . RESULTS: Mild or greater @entity339 and @entity997 were present in 14.7% and 17.2% of @entity1 , respectively. @entity337 was present in 15.6% of @entity1 . In the multivariable regression model, @entity339 was independently associated with age, sex, lower body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure, left atrial size, left ventricular (LV) diastolic diameter, and low LV ejection fraction. @entity997 was independently associated with age, sex, lower BMI, high-density lipid, left atrial size, and lower relative wall thickness. @entity337 was independently associated with age, sex, lower BMI, systolic blood pressure, LV diastolic diameter, @entity4346 , and low LV ejection fraction. CONCLUSION: In this middle-aged African Americans cohort, the prevalence of mild to greater @entity339 and @entity997 was similar to that seen in other cohorts; however, @entity337 was more prevalent. Several cardiovascular risk factors and echo parameters were identified as independent correlates of @entity340 .

title: Epidemiology of pure XXXX in the large middle-aged African American cohort of the @entity731 Risk in Communities study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity339 :: ('MESH:D008944', 'Disease') :: ['MR', 'mitral regurgitation']

entities_list: @entity997 :: ('MESH:D014262', 'Disease') :: ['TR', 'Tricuspid regurgitation', 'tricuspid regurgitation']

entities_list: @entity337 :: ('MESH:D001022', 'Disease') :: ['Aortic regurgitation', 'AR', 'aortic regurgitation']

entities_list: @entity4346 :: ('MESH:D017379', 'Disease') :: ['LV hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['Atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity340 :: ('MESH:D006349', 'Disease') :: ['valvular regurgitation']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity340 :: (MESH:D006349,Disease) :: ['valvular regurgitation']


abstract: The aim of the present study was to examine the causal-effect of baseline (year 2004) serum y-glutamyl transpeptidase ( @entity29573 ) level with the prevalence of @entity209 ( @entity209 ) in year 2008. The study was comprised of male workers who underwent a regular health check-up in 2004 and 2008. @entity209 was diagnosed according to the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AACE) criteria. In the subgroup analysis according to serum @entity29573 level, @entity412 (TG), low density lipoprotein @entity165 (LDL-C), and total @entity165 (TC) showed a significant increasing tendency (p < 0.001). In addition, unexpectedly results were consistent in non-drinkers (p < 0.001). @entity29573 level was significantly associated with risk factors of @entity209 (waist circumference [WC]: r = 0.18, p < 0.001; fasting blood @entity413 [FBG]: r = 0.16, p < 0.001; TG: r = 0.29, p < 0.001). As the secondary biomarker, homeostasis model @entity1720 (HOMA-S) and TC had significant correlations with @entity29573 level (HOMA-S: r = -0.14, p < 0.001; TC: r = 0.21, p < 0.001). In the 4-year prospective analysis, the predictive effect of baseline @entity29573 concentrations on change in @entity209 status was evaluated using Cox proportional model. Elevated @entity29573 concentrations measured in 2004 were associated with the risk of @entity209 incidence after 4 years ( @entity29573 : HR 1.7 [95% CI: 1.2-2.3]) (p < 0.01). This observation indicates that an elevated @entity29573 level could be suggested as a subsidiary marker for @entity209 and partially reflects @entity2299 as a component of @entity209 .

title: The Association of XXXX and Serum y-Glutamyl Transpeptidase: A 4-Year Cohort Study of 3,698 Korean Male Workers.

entities_list: @entity2299 :: ('MESH:D050171', 'Disease') :: ['dyslipidemia']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['MS', 'metabolic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1720 :: ('MESH:D007333', 'Disease') :: ['assessment of insulin sensitivity']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity209 :: (MESH:D008659,Disease) :: ['Metabolic Syndrome']


abstract: @entity1 chorion and decidua use @entity10768 ( @entity29423 ) and @entity9027 ( @entity29215 ) as substrates for local @entity172 and @entity1420 synthesis. We hypothesized that the local @entity172 / @entity1420 ratio may influence contractility of the adjacent myometrium and hence effect the timing of parturition. Thus, we studied @entity134 sulfohydrolase activity for P5S in these tissues and investigated the potential interaction of other @entity230 on the rates of hydrolysis of P5S and @entity29215 . The enzyme was present in both tissues, predominantly in the microsomal fraction. With P5S as substrate, the Michaelis-Menten constant (Km) was similar in chorion (1.3 +/- 0.2 mumol/L, mean +/- SEM) and decidua (0.9 +/- 0.1 mumol/L) but the maximum velocity (Vmax) was significantly greater in chorion (2.6 +/- 0.4 vs. 1.1 +/- 0.3 nmol/mg protein/15 min, P less than 0.05). In both tissues there was a tendency towards greater activity in tissues obtained before labor compared to tissues obtained after spontaneous labor onset. Using either @entity29215 or P5S as substrate, there was significant inhibition of sulfohydrolase activity by other @entity230 at concentrations similar to those in late pregnancy fetal and maternal plasma. In microsomal preparations using @entity29215 as substrate, activity was inhibited by equimolar concentrations of @entity19517 (E1S, by 38 +/- 2%), P5S (by 74 +/- 2%), and @entity4554 ( @entity29424 , by 38 +/- 3%). With P5S as substrate, equimolar concentrations of E1S, @entity29215 , and @entity29424 caused inhibition of sulfohydrolase activity by 19 +/- 5%, 16 +/- 4%, and 18 +/- 2%, respectively. These inhibitory effects also were observed using a tissue explant system with intact cells. In kinetic inhibition studies using @entity29215 as substrate, @entity22940 and P5S were competitive inhibitors with inhibition constants (Ki) of 4.8 +/- 1.3 and 0.7 +/- 0.1 mumol/L, respectively. Using P5S as substrate, E1S and @entity29215 also were competitive inhibitors with Ki values of 8.2 +/- 2.1 and 9.6 +/- 1.2 mumol/L, respectively. For both substrates, the pattern of inhibition by @entity29424 was complex. Preliminary experiments to distinguish, on the basis of differing physical-chemical properties, separate enzymes for different substrates were inconclusive. We conclude that @entity1 chorion and decidua can hydrolyze several @entity134 sulfoconjugates and this activity may regulate local @entity172 and @entity1420 synthesis. There are significant interactions among @entity134 sulfoconjugates in regulating this activity. These activities may be important components of a paracrine system that determines myometrial contractility and the timing of parturition.

title: @entity134 sulfohydrolase in @entity1 chorion and decidua: studies using XXXX and @entity9027 as substrate.

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity22940 :: ('p|SUB|E|1|S', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['E1S']

entities_list: @entity19517 :: ('MESH:C017296', 'Chemical') :: ['estrone sulfate']

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone']

entities_list: @entity29424 :: ('p|SUB|C|27|S', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['C27S']

entities_list: @entity9027 :: ('MESH:D019314', 'Chemical') :: ['dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity4554 :: ('MESH:C007045', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol sulfate']

entities_list: @entity10768 :: ('MESH:C018370', 'Chemical') :: ['pregnenolone sulfate']

entities_list: @entity29423 :: ('p|SUB|P|5|S', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['P5S']

answer: @entity10768 :: (MESH:C018370,Chemical) :: ['pregnenolone sulfate']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Foods rich in fiber, such as vegetables and fruits, prevent @entity65 ( @entity65 ) among healthy adults, but such data in @entity1 with @entity6 are sparse. We investigated this association in a cohort with @entity164 2 @entity6 aged 40-70 years whose HbA1c values were >=  6.5% in Japan @entity6 Society values. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: In this cohort study, 1,414 @entity1 were analyzed after exclusion of @entity1 with history of CVDs and nonresponders to a dietary survey. Primary outcomes were times to @entity64 and @entity301 ( @entity301 ). Hazard ratios (HRs) of dietary intake were estimated by Cox regression adjusted for systolic blood pressure, lipids, energy intake, and other confounders. RESULTS: Mean daily dietary fiber in quartiles ranged from 8.7 to 21.8 g, and mean energy intake ranged from 1,442.3 to 2,058.9 kcal. Mean daily intake of vegetables and fruits in quartiles ranged from 228.7 to 721.4 g. During the follow-up of a median of 8.1 years, 68 @entity64 and 96 CHDs were observed. HRs for @entity64 in the fourth quartile vs. the first quartile were 0.39 (95% CI 0.12-1.29, P = 0.12) for dietary fiber and 0.35 (0.13-0.96, P = 0.04) for vegetables and fruits. There were no significant associations with @entity301 . The HR per 1-g increase was smaller for soluble dietary fiber (0.48 [95% CI 0.30-0.79], P < 0.01) than for total (0.82 [0.73-0.93], P < 0.01) and insoluble (0.79 [0.68-0.93], P < 0.01) dietary fiber. CONCLUSIONS: Increased dietary fiber, particularly soluble fiber, and vegetables and fruits were associated with lower incident @entity64 but not @entity301 in @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 .

title: Intakes of dietary fiber, vegetables, and fruits and incidence of @entity65 in Japanese @entity1 with XXXX 2 @entity6 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['strokes', 'stroke']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetes', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['CHD', 'coronary heart disease']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['CVD', 'cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity164 :: (MESH:D017827,Disease) :: ['type']


abstract: Converging evidence suggests that @entity245 is a @entity74 , characterized by @entity227 . In the longitudinal project of the Dutch @entity5545 Programme, 180 @entity1 with a familial risk of @entity5545 (FR) and a comparison group of 120 @entity1 without FR (noFR) were followed from the age of 2   months up to 9   years. @entity1 were assessed on (1) auditory, speech, and visual event-related potentials every half year between 2 and 41   months; (2) expressive and receptive language, motor development, behaviour problems, and home-literacy environment by questionnaires at the age of 2 and 3; (3) speech-language and cognitive development from 47   months onwards; and (4) preliteracy and subskills of reading, and reading development during kindergarten and Grades 2 and 3. With regard to precursors of reading disability, first analyses showed specific differences between FR and noFR @entity1 in neurophysiological, cognitive, and early language measures. Once reading tests administered from age 7 to 9   years were available, the @entity1 were divided into three groups: FR @entity1 with and without @entity5545 , and controls. Analyses of the differences between reading groups yielded distinct profiles and developmental trajectories. On early speech and visual processing, and several cognitive measures, performance of the non-dyslexic FR group differed from the dyslexic FR group and controls, indicating continuity of the influence of familial risk. Parental reading and rapid naming skills appeared to indicate their offspring's degree of familial risk. Furthermore, on rapid naming and nonverbal IQ, the non-dyslexic FR group performed similarly to the controls, suggesting protective factors. There are indications of differences between the FR and control groups, irrespective of reading outcome. These results contribute to the distinction between the deficits correlated to @entity5545 as a manifest @entity5545 and deficits correlated to familial risk only.

title: Precursors of XXXX : an overview of the longitudinal Dutch @entity5545 Programme study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['deficits in the auditory, visual, and linguistic domains']

entities_list: @entity245 :: ('MESH:D002658', 'Disease') :: ['developmental dyslexia']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['neurobiological disorder']

entities_list: @entity5545 :: ('MESH:D004410', 'Disease') :: ['Dyslexia', 'reading disorder', 'dyslexia']

answer: @entity245 :: (MESH:D002658,Disease) :: ['developmental dyslexia']


abstract: Objectives. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of personalized peptide vaccination ( @entity2286 ) combined with chemotherapy for @entity1 with previously treated advanced @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ). @entity1 and Methods. Previously treated PS0-1 @entity1 with IIIB/IV @entity470 ( @entity470 ) wild genotype @entity1149 were randomly assigned to @entity1205 (60   mg/m(2) on Day 1) plus @entity2286 based on preexisting host immunity or @entity1205 plus placebo. @entity1205 administration was repeated every 3 weeks until disease progression. Personalized peptides or placebo was injected subcutaneously weekly in the first 8 weeks and biweekly in subsequent 16 weeks. The primary efficacy endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). Results. @entity2286 related @entity137 was grade 2 or less skin reaction. The median PFS for placebo arm and @entity2286 arm was 52 days and 59 days, respectively. There was no significant difference between two arms by log-rank test (p = 0.42). Interestingly, PFS and overall survival (OS) in humoral immunological responder were significantly longer than those in nonresponder. Conclusion. @entity2286 did not improve the survival in combination with @entity1205 for previously treated advanced @entity1149 . However, @entity2286 may be efficacious for the humoral immunological responders and a further clinical investigation is needed.

title: Randomized Phase II Study of @entity1205 plus Personalized Peptide Vaccination versus @entity1205 plus Placebo for @entity1 with Previously Treated Advanced Wild Type XXXX Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity470 :: ('1956', 'Gene') :: ['EGFR', 'epidermal growth factor receptor']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small-cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity1205 :: ('MESH:C067311', 'Chemical') :: ['docetaxel', 'Docetaxel']

answer: @entity470 :: (1956,Gene) :: ['EGFR']


abstract: PURPOSE: Histologic components of the TNM classification system have been repeatedly revised since the fifth edition (TNM5). TNM classification revisions provide different criteria for categorizing @entity5 nodules without residual lymph @entity2383 ( @entity2383 ). However, there are few systematic evaluations regarding the effectiveness of these revisions. @entity1 AND METHODS: A multicenter pathologic review for @entity2383 in @entity14 ( @entity14 ) was performed. @entity5 staging defined by TNM5, sixth edition (TNM6), and seventh edition (TNM7) were compared on the basis of Akaike information criterion (AIC) and Harrell's concordance index (c-index). Moreover, TNM7's prognostic value was compared between the original @entity2383 and modified criteria, which considered all regional NDs as lymph node @entity3 (LNM) irrespective of the original structure. RESULTS: In 1,716 treated @entity1 with @entity14 (1994 to 1998), @entity5 stages (I/II/III) exhibited better prognoses in TNM7 (AIC, 3055.1; c-index, 0.7215) than in TNM6 (AIC, 3063.7; c-index, 0.7149), but not better than in TNM5 (AIC, 3051.6; c-index, 0.7240). Comparing the original TNM7 and modified criteria, 4.2% of @entity1 were classified in different N stages (N0/N1/N2a/N2b); both AIC and the c-index were superior in the modified criteria (AIC, 3029.40; c-index, 0.7271) compared with the original criteria (AIC, 3040.58; c-index, 0.7230). Modified criteria were also associated with improved prognostic power of @entity5 stages (I/IIA/IIB/IIC/IIIA/IIIB/IIIC). These results were similar in another cohort of 2,242 treated @entity1 with @entity14 (1999 to 2003). CONCLUSION: The prognostic value of TNM7 is better than that of TNM6; however, improvement over TNM5 is insignificant. By considering all regional NDs as LNM irrespective of their morphology, TNM classification can be simplified and its prognostic value improved.

title: Optimal XXXX staging criteria in TNM classification.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['CRC', 'colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity2383 :: ('MESH:D028361', 'Disease') :: ['ND', 'node structure']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: An ideal pharmaceutical treatment for @entity1028 ( @entity1028 ) is to prevent @entity439 formation and development (further dilatation of pre-existing @entity439 ). Recent studies have reported that oxidative stress with reactive @entity26 species (ROS) is crucial in @entity439 formation. We hypothesized that @entity4465 , a free-radical scavenger, would attenuate vascular oxidative stress and inhibit @entity1028 formation and development. METHODS: An @entity1028 model induced with intraluminal elastase and extraluminal @entity12374 was created in 42 @entity35 . Thirty-six @entity35 were divided three groups: a low-dose (group LD; 1 mg/kg/d), high-dose (group @entity2033 ; 5 mg/kg/d), and control (group C, saline). @entity4465 or saline was intraperitoneally injected twice daily, starting 30 minutes before @entity439 preparation. The remaining six @entity35 (group DA) received a delayed @entity4465 injection (5 mg/kg/d) intraperitoneally, starting 7 days after @entity439 preparation to 28 days. @entity1028 dilatation ratio was calculated. Pathologic examination was performed. ROS expression was semi-quantified by @entity16203 staining and the oxidative product of DNA induced by ROS, @entity7599 ( @entity7599 ), by immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS: At day 7, ROS expression and @entity7599 -positive cells in @entity439 walls were decreased by @entity4465 treatment (ROS expression: 3.0    0.5 in group LD, 1.7    0.3 in group @entity2033 , and 4.8    0.7 in group C; @entity7599 -positive cells: 106.2    7.8 cells in group LD, 64.5    7.7 cells in group @entity2033 , and 136.6    7.4 cells in group C; P < .0001), compared with group C. @entity4465 treatment significantly reduced messenger RNA expressions of cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in @entity439 walls ( @entity11017 : 1.1    0.5 in group LD, 0.6    0.1 in group @entity2033 , and 2.3    0.4 in group C; P < .001; @entity6929 : 1.2    0.1 in group LD, 0.2    0.6 in group @entity2033 , and 2.4    0.2 in group C; P < .001). At day 28, aortic walls in groups LD and @entity2033 were less dilated, with increased wall thickness and @entity4116 content than those in group C (dilatation ratio: 204.7%    16.0% in group C, 156.5%    6.6% in group LD, 136.7%    2.0% in group @entity2033 ; P < .0001). Delayed @entity4465 administration significantly prevented further @entity384 , with increased @entity4116 content (155.2%    2.9% at day 7, 153.1%    11.6% at day 28; not significant). CONCLUSIONS: @entity4465 inhibition of ROS can prevent @entity439 formation and expansion in the @entity35 @entity1028 model. Free-radical scavenger @entity4465 might be an effective pharmaceutical agent for @entity1028 in clinical practice.

title: Free-radical scavenger XXXX inhibits both formation and development of @entity1028 in @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity7599 :: ('MESH:C040791', 'Chemical') :: ['8-OHdG', '8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine']

entities_list: @entity16203 :: ('MESH:C067883', 'Chemical') :: ['dihydroethidium']

entities_list: @entity4465 :: ('MESH:C005435', 'Chemical') :: ['Edaravone', 'edaravone']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm dilatation']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity12374 :: ('MESH:D002122', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium chloride']

entities_list: @entity1028 :: ('MESH:D017544', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal aortic aneurysm', 'AAA']

answer: @entity4465 :: (MESH:C005435,Chemical) :: ['edaravone']


abstract: @entity1653 usually present as @entity5 corresponding to WHO grade I. The development of the @entity1653 with @entity45 formation in the central nervous system is extremely rare. We report a case of @entity1653 in a young female occurring in the lateral ventricle with invasion of brain parenchyma and dissemination of subarachnoid space. The @entity5 exhibits a marked peritumoral @entity45 , with contrast enhancement on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in accordance with type 2 of Zee's classification of @entity1653 . Histologically, the @entity5 displays a classical perivascular pseudopapillary pattern with focal @entity39 and @entity510 . @entity5 cells are diffusely positive for epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) and vimentin, but lack immunoreactivity for cytokeratin (CK) and @entity538 ( @entity538 ). @entity1758 labeling is high, accounting for 5% of @entity5 focally. A diagnosis of primary @entity1653 with @entity510 (WHO grade III) was made. To our knowledge, there is no report describing the radiological and histological characteristics of @entity1653 presenting in the lateral ventricle. In addition, the biological behavior and the clinical outcome of this @entity5 are also discussed.

title: Cystic @entity1653 with XXXX : a case report and review of the literature.

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['subarachnoid space dissemination']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor', 'benign tumors']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity538 :: ('2670', 'Gene') :: ['GFAP', 'glial fibrillary acidic protein']

entities_list: @entity1653 :: ('MESH:D008579', 'Disease') :: ['cystic papillary meningioma', 'Meningiomas', 'cystic meningioma', 'intraventricular cystic papillary meningioma', 'papillary variant of meningiomas']

answer: @entity510 :: (MESH:D013345,Disease) :: ['subarachnoid dissemination']


abstract: To systematically review the evidence on the accuracy of MRI for grading disease activity in @entity30 ( @entity30 ). The MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and Cochrane databases were searched for studies on the accuracy of MRI in grading @entity30 compared to a predefined reference standard. Two independent observers scored all relevant data. Three disease stages were defined: remission, mild and @entity66 . The accuracy rates of MRI per disease stage were calculated by means of a random-effects model. Seven studies were included from a search resulting in 253 articles. In total 140 @entity1 (16 @entity1 in remission, 29 with mild disease and 95 with @entity66 ) were used for data analysis. MRI correctly graded 91% (95% CI: 84-96%) of @entity1 with @entity66 , 62% (95% CI: 44-79) of @entity1 with mild disease and 62% (95% CI: 38-84) of @entity1 in remission. MRI more often overstaged than understaged disease activity; MRI overstaged disease activity in 38% of @entity1 in remission, mostly as mild disease. Overstaging of mild disease was observed in 21%, understaging in 17%. MRI correctly grades disease activity in a large proportion of @entity1 with @entity66 . For @entity1 in remission or with mild disease, MRI correctly stages disease activity in many @entity1 (62%).

title: Magnetic resonance imaging for evaluation of disease activity in XXXX : a systematic review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ['CD', "Crohn's disease"]

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['frank disease']

answer: @entity30 :: (MESH:D003424,Disease) :: ['Crohn's disease']


abstract: Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is a novel and effective therapy for @entity1 with @entity712 . The aim of CRT is to improve the heart's pumping efficiency by the resynchronization of the chambers. Electrical dyssynchrony shows itself as bundle @entity5036 with prolongation of QRS >120 ms. @entity3883 (atrioventricular, interventricular and intraventricular) is evidenced by echocardiographic parameters. A cardioverter-defibrillator function can be included with the pulse generator in @entity1 with high risk of @entity944 . The estimate of perioperative @entity204 associated with CRT was 0.3% with a low rate of complications, similar to that seen in standard pacemaker placement. In 10% of @entity1 there was an implant failure due to the difficulty in accessing the coronary sinus. Approximately one third of @entity1 are non-responder with no significant improvement after implantation. The beneficial effect of CRT on soft endpoints and mortality (symptoms, NYHA class, 6-min walking test, quality of life score, ejection fraction) was demonstrated in the earliest randomized clinical trials. Current guidelines for CRT are based on inclusion and exclusion criteria in the large randomized trials that have been performed and @entity1 with chronic @entity955 are included. Unresolved issues are the identification of non-responders and the efficacy of CRT in @entity1 with @entity3883 without electrical dyssynchrony and in NYHA functional class I/II @entity1 with ejection fraction < or = 35%.

title: [Non-pharmacological therapy of XXXX : cardiac resynchronization therapy].

entities_list: @entity3883 :: ('MESH:D041781', 'Disease') :: ['mechanical dyssynchrony', 'Mechanical dyssynchrony']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity944 :: ('MESH:D003645', 'Disease') :: ['sudden death']

entities_list: @entity5036 :: ('OMIM:113900', 'Disease') :: ['branch block']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['decompensated heart failure']


abstract: In 151 @entity1 experiencing @entity583 , emergency coronary angioplasty was performed as primary therapy. Overall, angioplasty was successful in 132 @entity1 (87%); it was successful in 91 (85%) of 107 @entity1 with a totally occluded @entity1188 and in 41 (93%) of 44 @entity1 with a subtotally occluded @entity1188 . After successful angioplasty, mean residual stenosis was 29% (range 0 to 70). Eighteen @entity1 were in @entity1455 (12%) including four @entity1 receiving cardiopulmonary resuscitation during the angioplasty procedure. Hospital mortality was 9%, with 7 of 13 @entity204 occurring in @entity1 presenting with @entity1455 or intractable @entity943 . Hospital mortality was 5% in @entity1 with successful angioplasty versus 37% in those with unsuccessful angioplasty (p less than 0.001). In the immediate period after angioplasty, left ventricular ejection fraction was significantly lower for @entity1 with lesions of the left anterior descending artery (34 +/- 10%) than for @entity1 with lesions of the left circumflex or right coronary artery (43 +/- 11%). In @entity1 with successful angioplasty, significant improvement in left ventricular ejection fraction averaged 13 +/- 12% (p less than 0.001) for those with lesions of the left anterior descending artery and 10 +/- 12% (p less than 0.001) for those with lesions of the left circumflex or right coronary artery. Repeat coronary angiography was performed in 85 (70%) of 121 @entity1 who had successful angioplasty and survived hospitalization without requiring bypass surgery; restenosis was found in 26 (31%), and angioplasty was repeated in 22 @entity1 , successfully in each.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Emergency percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty in XXXX : a 3 year experience.

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular arrhythmia']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarct-related artery']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['acute myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity1455 :: ('MESH:D012770', 'Disease') :: ['cardiogenic shock']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['acute myocardial infarction']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To present our experience with 9 cases of @entity1494 and a review of the relevant published data. METHODS: During a 13-year period, 9 @entity1 were treated for @entity1494 . Their medical records were retrospectively reviewed, and data, including age, sex, symptoms, @entity5 size and location, cystoscopy results, radiologic examination findings, method of extirpation, pathology slides, and follow-up results, were analyzed. RESULTS: All 9 @entity1 were @entity1 , with a mean age of 43.6 years (range 24-65). Of the 9 @entity1 , 5 reported urinary symptoms, 1 presented with gross @entity811 , and 3 were asymptomatic. The mean @entity5 size was 4.2 cm (range 2.4-7). The @entity5 size was larger in symptomatic @entity1 than in the asymptomatic @entity1 . All @entity5 were endovesical lesions; 1 @entity1 had a concomitant extravesical @entity5 . Transurethral resection was performed in 6 @entity1 , partial cystectomy in 2, and enucleation in 1. Microscopically, the @entity5 were composed of bland, spindle-shaped cells. Recurrence developed in 2 @entity1 . Both @entity1 underwent repeat resection, and no additional recurrence developed. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1494 is rare and occurs predominantly in @entity1 . The size, rather than the location, of the @entity5 appeared to be more closely related to the occurrence of symptoms. Surgical excision is the standard approach to diagnosis and treatment.

title: XXXX : a series of nine cases and review of the literature.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity811 :: ('MESH:D006417', 'Disease') :: ['hematuria']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bladder leiomyomas', 'Leiomyoma of the bladder', 'bladder leiomyoma']

answer: @entity1494 :: (MESH:D001745,Disease) :: ['Leiomyoma of the urinary bladder']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity306 often results in @entity73 , partly due to strong coupling between the arms. We aimed at inducing more flexibility in this coupling, to improve bimanual coordination. METHODS: We designed computer games involving simple perceptual goals, based on Lissajous feedback. Such feedback implicitly facilitates the performance of complex rhythmic bimanual coordination patterns. A sample of six @entity1 received 9 h of computer training over a 6 weeks period. The effects of this training on functional bimanual performance were explored using the @entity8566 ( @entity8566 ). RESULTS: Gaming performance and bimanual rhythmic antiphase coordination improved after training. The @entity8566 results were mixed. Two @entity1 improved significantly, but at a group level no significant effects were found. CONCLUSIONS: The results were evaluated in relation to the specificity of the @entity8566 and the potential benefit of combining the proposed training with dedicated bimanual functional training programs.

title: Bimanual training for XXXX with @entity306 : exploring the effects of Lissajous-based computer gaming.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['impaired bimanual coordination']

entities_list: @entity8566 :: ('MESH:D060831', 'Disease') :: ['Assisting Hand Assessment', 'AHA']

entities_list: @entity306 :: ('MESH:D002547', 'Disease') :: ['Hemiplegic cerebral palsy']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the use of @entity2995 to stain the internal limiting membrane (ILM) during vitreoretinal surgery. METHODS: A prospective clinical interventional case series study was performed, including 16 @entity1 who underwent pars plana vitrectomy. Seven @entity1 had proliferative @entity6 with @entity1103 . Seven @entity1 had epiretinal membranes. One @entity1 had a @entity1713 with a @entity1103 and proliferative @entity1715 . One @entity1 had a pseudophakic @entity1103 . After vitrectomy, 2 mL @entity2995 suspension was injected into the vitreous cavity. The ILM was peeled, as it was evidenced by the particles of @entity2713 that adhered to its surface. The ultrastructure of tissue harvested during surgery was analyzed using transmission electron microscopy in selected cases to confirm the presence or absence of ILM. RESULTS: After the injection of @entity2713 , the visualization of the vitreous base and hyaloid was excellent in all @entity1 . The particles of @entity2713 deposited on the retinal surface enabled the ILM to be stained. Once removed, the ILM was clearly distinguishable, floating in the vitreous cavity with particles of @entity2713 adhering to its surface. Ultrastructural analysis of tissue collected during vitrectomy confirmed that the removed tissue represented ILM. CONCLUSION: We observed that @entity2995 can be useful in staining the internal limiting membrane, thus greatly facilitating the retinal ILM peeling. The absence of particles of @entity2713 on the underlying retina enables the area where the ILM has already been removed to be identified.

title: Staining of the internal limiting membrane with intravitreal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2995 :: ('MESH:D014222', 'Chemical') :: ['triamcinolone acetonide']

entities_list: @entity1715 :: ('MESH:D018630', 'Disease') :: ['vitreoretinopathy']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic retinopathy']

entities_list: @entity1713 :: ('MESH:D012163', 'Disease') :: ['retinal detachment']

entities_list: @entity1103 :: ('MESH:D008269', 'Disease') :: ['macular edema', 'cystoid macular edema']

entities_list: @entity2713 :: ('MESH:D014221', 'Chemical') :: ['triamcinolone']

answer: @entity2995 :: (MESH:D014222,Chemical) :: ['triamcinolone acetonide']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Implant removal in @entity1171 treated by open reduction and fixation is often based on diffuse complaints. This study determined the incidence of implant removal and identified risk factors for two principal causes for removal: complaints and @entity281 ( @entity281 ). METHODS: Retrospective cohort study involving 997 @entity1 operated on 2009-2011 with follow-up through to 2013. The incidence of implant removal was analysed using competing risk analysis. Risk factors for implant removal were assessed using cause-specific hazard ratios (HRs) from a Cox regression analysis. RESULTS: The mean age at surgery was 51.6 years, 550 (55%) of the @entity1 were female, and 170 @entity1 (17%) had implant removal: 144 due to complaints and 26 due to @entity281 . Multivariable HRs for implant removal due to complaints were 0.70 for male sex (p=0.047), 0.79 for each 10-year increase in age (p<0.001), 0.70 for treatment with a syndesmosis screw (p=0.038), and 1.09 for each 15-min increase in operation duration (p=0.007). HRs for hardware removal due to @entity281 were 1.42 for each 10-year increase in age (p=0.006) and 3.15 for current smoking (p=0.005). CONCLUSION: In total 17% of @entity1 had implant removal after open reduction and fixation; the majority because of subjective complaints. The risk factors for implant removal were different for removal due to complaints than for those removed due to @entity281 . This information may be used to inform @entity1 about the risk and risk factors for future implant removal.

title: Incidence and risk factors for removal of an internal fixation following surgery for XXXX : A retrospective cohort study of 997 @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1171 :: ('MESH:D064386', 'Disease') :: ['ankle fractures']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection', 'surgical site infection', 'SSI']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity1171 :: (MESH:D064386,Disease) :: ['ankle fracture']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In vivo studies have highlighted allogeneic mesenchymal stem-cell (MSC) immunogenicity. We investigated in vitro MSC-immunosuppressive drugs interaction and further tested in vivo the humoral response to intracardiac allogeneic MSC transplantation in a mini- @entity1707 model receiving a short course of immunosuppression. METHODS: For in vitro experiments, long-term culture MSCs were used. Immunosuppressive drugs tested were @entity618 , @entity205 , @entity1140 ( @entity11636 ), @entity3446 (SIR), and @entity2239 . Cell proliferation/viability was assessed on day 7. For each drug, the C50 was determined, and the agonistic effect between immunosuppressive drugs and MSCs on alloreactivity was measured in proliferation assay of MSC-peripheral blood mononuclear cell cultures. For in vivo experiments, one-haplotype swine leukocyte antigen class I and II mismatch (n=11) were used. Allogeneic MSCs were transplanted into ischemic myocardium. @entity11636 was administered 12 days. Donor-specific antibody response was assessed by flow cytometry and complement-mediated @entity137 assay. RESULTS: All drugs except @entity11636 significantly decreased cell proliferation (from 17% to 62%). In MSC-peripheral blood mononuclear cell co-culture assay, MSCs' immunomodulatory properties were maintained when @entity11636 or SIR were used. In vivo experiments showed that only 2 of 11 animals under @entity11636 developed donor-specific antibodies. Importantly, sera from those two animals did not elicit a complement-mediated cytotoxic response. CONCLUSIONS: Immunosuppressive drugs significantly affect proliferation and viability of MSCs, but neither @entity11636 nor SIR had a detrimental impact on MSCs' immunomodulatory properties. In this large-animal model, addition of short course of immunosuppression seems to overcome the immune response to intracardiac allogeneic MSCs, which was recently demonstrated to occur in the absence of immunosuppression.

title: Inhibition of humoral response to allogeneic porcine mesenchymal stem cell with 12 days of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity3446 :: ('MESH:D020123', 'Chemical') :: ['sirolimus']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporin']

entities_list: @entity2239 :: ('MESH:C107135', 'Chemical') :: ['everolimus']

entities_list: @entity618 :: ('MESH:C063008', 'Chemical') :: ['mycophenolate mofetil']

entities_list: @entity1140 :: ('MESH:D016559', 'Chemical') :: ['tacrolimus']

answer: @entity1140 :: (MESH:D016559,Chemical) :: ['tacrolimus']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The Revised Illness Perceptions Questionnaire (IPQ-R) is commonly used to measure illness perceptions. We tested whether the structure of the IPQ-R was appropriate for use with primary care @entity4512 @entity1 . METHODS: Confirmatory (C) and exploratory (E) factor analyses (FA) were used to test whether the structure of the IPQ-R was supported for @entity1 with knee @entity158 (n = 393), hand @entity158 (n = 2113) and back @entity158 (n = 1591). @entity3795 was used to test whether the timeline acute/chronic, timeline cyclical, consequences, personal control, treatment control, illness coherence and emotional representation dimensions of the IPQ-R were distinct; EFA was used to explore potential structure for @entity1 ' views on the cause of their condition. RESULTS: Goodness-of-fit indices for the @entity3795 were below our criteria for good model fit. Removal of six items from the model improved model fit, but our criteria for good model fit was still not achieved. An interpretable factor solution could not be determined for the causal items on the questionnaire. CONCLUSIONS: Our data show limited evidence that the seven dimensions of the IPQ-R are distinct. A clear structure for the causal items was not determined. Further work is needed to develop the IPQ-R for use with primary care @entity4512 @entity1 .

title: Musculoskeletal XXXX : factor structure of the Illness Perceptions Questionnaire-Revised.

entities_list: @entity4512 :: ('MESH:D059352', 'Disease') :: ['musculoskeletal pain']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain illness perceptions']


abstract: @entity2099 (twin, triplet, and higher-order pregnancy) are associated with an increased risk of resultant preterm and low birth weight @entity1 . The increase of @entity2099 for several decades in Japan has been an important consideration in bed allocation planning for neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). The guideline of the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology (JSOG) in 2008 recommended that embryo transfer be limited to one. The epidemiological data of Japanese regional @entity2099 before the JSOG recommendation are valuable in assessing the perinatal effects after this recommendation. The aim of this study was to investigate regional backgrounds of @entity2099 and neonatal outcomes of multiple births including NICU admission before the JSOG recommendation. This is a retrospective population-based study for 20 months (January, 2007 through August, 2008) in Shiga Prefecture, Japan. Sending questionnaires to institutions treating multiple births in Shiga, we extracted relevant data from the responses of respective obstetricians and neonatologists. There were 245 multiple births including 241 twins and 4 triplets. We found more twin deliveries with higher risks such as monochorionic diamniotic twins or preterm twins less than 34 weeks in hospitals including perinatal centers than in primary obstetrics clinics. More than half of multiple-birth @entity1 (57%) required NICU admission, and nearly 20% of NICU beds in Shiga are occupied with multiple-birth @entity1 . Furthermore, half of multiple-birth @entity1 were conceived with medical assistance. We conclude that @entity2099 resulting from medically assisted conception could have a significant impact upon the NICU bed occupancy in Japan.

title: Perinatal Backgrounds and NICU Bed Occupancy of Multiple-Birth XXXX in Japan.

entities_list: @entity2099 :: ('MESH:D011254', 'Disease') :: ['multiple pregnancies', 'Multiple pregnancies']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Infants']


abstract: From May 1993 to May 1998 at our hospital 12 classic gastric resections were operated on by laparoscopic procedure. A 2/3 distal Billroth resection was performed in 5 @entity1 , for @entity2275 (2) and for @entity677 (3). Other 7 @entity1 were curatively operated on for a @entity5 . Any case was resected by oncosurgical gastrectomy including a D2-lymphadenectomy. The histological diagnoses were an @entity420 in 6 cases, and one highly malignant maltoma. The mean operating time was 230 min in Billroth I resections and 295 min in total gastrectomies. As a complication, we saw postoperatively a duodenal leakage in one case, we could successfully manage also laparoscopically on the day after the operation. All the courses were extremely uncomplicated, connected with rapid mobility, early gut motility, @entity158 , and a comfortable cosmetic result. The resection result in any case of malignoma was R0, the mean lymphonode amount was 34. @entity5 cell dissemination and trokar site metastases we could'nt note either. Oncosurgically, there are no disadvantages in comparison to the open approach.

title: [Initial experience with laparoscopic gastrectomy in benign and XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant disease', 'Tumour']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['little pain']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity2275 :: ('MESH:D013276', 'Disease') :: ['gastric ulcer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['malignant tumors']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Alternative treatments are commonly used for various disorders and often taken on-demand. On-demand treatment of @entity354 ( @entity354 ) with pharmaceutical products is an established, cost-effective strategy. Comparisons between alternative medicine and pharmaceutical products are rare. The aim of this trial was to compare on-demand treatment with a pectin-based, raft-forming, natural, anti-reflux agent (PRA) with that of @entity1537 20 mg (Eso20) in @entity1 with mild/moderate @entity354 . METHODS: @entity1 with mild/moderate @entity354 were randomised to a six weeks' on-demand treatment with PRA or Eso20 in a pragmatic, open, multicentre trial. Overall satisfaction with treatment, satisfactory relief on a weekly basis, reflux symptoms, and treatment preferences were noted. RESULTS: Seventy-seven @entity1 were included in the analyses. Eso20 was significantly superior to PRA for proportion of overall satisfied @entity1 (92% and 58% respectively; p = 0.001), @entity304 (mean symptom scores at the end 5.9 and 8.0 respectively; p = 0.019), proportion of weeks of satisfactory relief (89% and 62% respectively; p = 0.008) and proportion preferring continuation with the same treatment (85% and 42% respectively; p < 0.001). Older @entity1 were more satisfied than younger, and @entity1 preferring on-demand treatment had lower symptom scores at inclusion than those preferring regular treatment. CONCLUSION: On-demand treatment with @entity1537 20 mg was clearly superior to the pectin-based raft-forming agent. Most @entity1 preferred on-demand treatment to regular treatment. Those preferring regular therapy had significantly more symptoms at inclusion.

title: Alternative vs. conventional treatment given on-demand for XXXX : a randomised controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1537 :: ('MESH:D064098', 'Chemical') :: ['esomeprazole']

entities_list: @entity354 :: ('MESH:D005764', 'Disease') :: ['gastroesophageal reflux disease', 'GERD']

entities_list: @entity304 :: ('MESH:D010302', 'Disease') :: ['reduction of symptoms']

answer: @entity354 :: (MESH:D005764,Disease) :: ['gastroesophageal reflux disease']


abstract: @entity27607 (QL), a traditional Chinese medicine, has been used in the treatment of @entity712 . However, whether QL can benefit cardiac @entity5707 in the @entity101 state is unknown. We here examined the effects of QL on the development of @entity1283 through comparing those of @entity9886 in C57BL/6 @entity19 underlying transverse aorta constriction for 4 weeks. QL and @entity9886 were administrated at 0.6 mg and 13.4 mg  kg  d, respectively. @entity1283 , function, and @entity5707 were evaluated by echocardiography, catheterization, histology, and examination of specific gene expression and ERK phosphorylation. Cardiac apoptosis, autophagy, @entity5 @entity39 factor a/insulin-like growth factor-1, and angiotensin II type 1 receptor expression and especially the proliferation of cardiomyocytes and phosphorylation of ErbB receptors were examined in vivo to elucidate the mechanisms. Transverse aorta constriction for 2 weeks resulted in a significant @entity1283 , which was significantly suppressed by either QL or @entity9886 treatment. At 4 weeks after transverse aorta constriction, although the development of @entity299 and @entity5707 and the increases in apoptosis, autophagy, @entity5 @entity39 factor a/insulin-like growth factor-1, and angiotensin II type 1 receptor expression were abrogated comparably between QL and @entity9886 treatments, QL, but not @entity9886 , enhanced proliferation of cardiomyocytes, which was paralleled with dowregulation of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein b, upregulation of @entity27608 -interacting transactivator with ED-rich @entity1473 -terminal domain 4, and increases in @entity7171 and @entity21522 phosphorylation. Furthermore, inhibition of either @entity7171 or @entity27608 -interacting transactivator with ED-rich @entity1473 -terminal domain 4 abolished the cardiac protective effects of QL. Thus, QL inhibits @entity296 and cardiomyocyte @entity204 and promotes cardiomyocyte proliferation, leading to an ameliorated cardiac @entity5707 and function in a @entity19 model of pressure overload. The possible mechanisms may involve inhibition of angiotensin II type 1 receptor and activation of ErbB receptors.

title: @entity27607 inhibits the development of XXXX , @entity5707 , and dysfunction during 4 weeks of pressure overload in @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['chronic heart failure']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial inflammation']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity1283 :: ('MESH:D006332', 'Disease') :: ['Cardiac hypertrophy', 'cardiac hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity9886 :: ('MESH:D019808', 'Chemical') :: ['losartan']

entities_list: @entity5707 :: ('MESH:D020257', 'Disease') :: ['remodeling']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity27607 :: ('MESH:C572413', 'Chemical') :: ['Qiliqiangxin']

entities_list: @entity1473 :: ('CHEBI:46883', 'Chemical') :: ['carboxy']

answer: @entity1283 :: (MESH:D006332,Disease) :: ['cardiac hypertrophy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Allogeneic @entity8 ( @entity8 ) with myeloablative conditioning is potentially curative therapy for @entity1582 , but is reportedly associated with a high risk of nonrecurrence mortality (NRM). @entity146 ( @entity146 ) allows for the reduction of NRM, but the recurrence rate is increased. The role and timing of allogeneic @entity66 remains controversial. To the authors' knowledge, there are limited data regarding the long-term outcome of @entity146 in the recurrent/refractory setting. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted of @entity8 outcomes in 50 @entity1 who received @entity146 for recurrent/refractory @entity1582 between the years 2001 and 2004. All @entity1 were given @entity3118 -melphalan based conditioning and stem cell grafts from a related (n=27) or unrelated donor (n=23). RESULTS: The median age was 53 years. Forty-seven @entity1 failed a prior autologous @entity8 . Thirty @entity1 were in disease remission at the time of @entity8 and 20 had stable or progressive disease. With a median follow-up of 6.4 years (range, 5-7.9 years), the overall and progression-free survival (PFS) rates were 34% and 26%, respectively. The NRM rate was 26%. Adverse prognostic factors for survival included @entity8 not in remission, long duration of disease (>5 years from diagnosis), and transplantation from a female donor to a male recipient. The 7-year PFS in 19 @entity1 with none of these adverse prognostic factors was 47%. @entity2132 and the achievement of complete remission after @entity8 were associated with improved outcome. CONCLUSIONS: Allogeneic @entity8 can result in long-term PFS in a subset of @entity1582 @entity1 who fail prior therapy and should be considered early after failure and after achieving remission.

title: Allogenic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation with reduced-intensity conditioning in XXXX with refractory and recurrent @entity1582 : long-term follow-up.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['SCT', 'stem cell transplantation']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['SCT in the disease course']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['Reduced-intensity conditioning', 'RIC']

entities_list: @entity3118 :: ('MESH:C024352', 'Chemical') :: ['fludarabine']

entities_list: @entity2132 :: ('MESH:D006086', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic graft versus host disease']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: The EEG background activity reflects the functional state of the brain. The established sensitivity of EEG to drug intoxication and in particular to @entity734 ( @entity734 ) made that EEG has become useful as an objective measure for monitoring chronic AED therapy and in investigation of cognitive functions. Therapy with classical @entity734 has become associated with slowing of EEG background rhythm and the EEG changes correlated to changes on cognitive measures. So far, it has not been tested whether the relatively new AED, @entity4677 (LEV) has a detrimental effect on the EEG background frequencies, too. METHODS: During the time of 6 months 28 @entity1 underwent EEG-recording and neuropsychological testing at the three timepoints: before initiating LEV therapy, after 2 months and again after 4 months after achieving plateau dosing of LEV. EEG background frequency was analysed by using the fast Fourier Transform (FFT). RESULTS: The titration and the following treatment with LEV add-on showed no negative effect on any of the measures analysed. In particular it did not lead to the lower peak frequency within the alpha band, it neither decreased the percentage of alpha band nor increase the percentage of theta and delta band. In addition there could be noticed an increase of the percentage of beta band. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings demonstrate, that a LEV add-on therapy is not associated with a slowing of the EEG background frequency. This is in accordance with neuropsychological reports of our own lab and others showing that LEV add-on therapy has no negative effects on cognitive functions, either.

title: Impact of @entity4677 add-on therapy on different EEG occipital frequencies in epileptic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity4677 :: ('MESH:C026098', 'Chemical') :: ['levetiracetam']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['antiepileptic drugs', 'AEDs']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Endocardial ventricular mapping of 21 @entity67 ( @entity67 ) in 17 @entity1 was performed using electrode catheters. Activation at multiple left and right ventricular sites was utilized to determine the site of origin of the @entity67 . Eleven @entity67 had a @entity714 pattern ( @entity67 -LBBB) and 10 @entity67 had @entity714 pattern ( @entity67 -RBBB). In all @entity67 -RBBB the earliest site of activation was in the LV or septum. In @entity67 -LBBB the earliest site was RV (4/11), LV (5/11) and septum (2/11). All @entity1165 with QRS less than 140 msec arose in the septum. In @entity1 with an @entity439 , the site of origin of @entity1165 was always in the aneursm. All @entity67 -LBBB arising from the left ventricle originated in an @entity439 involving the septum. QRS changes during @entity1165 were associated with alterations in the patterm of ventricular activation without alteration of the site of origin. In three @entity1 the site of origin predicted by endocardial ventricular mapping was confirmed intraoperatively by epi- and/or endocardial mapping. We conclude that endocardial ventricular mapping demonstrates the limitations of the surface electrocardiogram in localizing the site of origin of @entity1165 . The method may provide important data upon which the surgical therapy of @entity1165 is based.

title: Recurrent sustained XXXX . 2. Endocardial mapping.

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular tachycardias', 'ventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity714 :: ('MESH:D002037', 'Disease') :: ['right bundle branch block', 'left bundle branch block']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular tachyardias', 'VT']

answer: @entity1165 :: (MESH:D017180,Disease) :: ['ventricular tachycardia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate capillary morphology and skin blood flow of dorsal hands by nailfold videocapillaroscopy (NVC) and laser Doppler perfusion imaging (LDPI), respectively, in @entity1 with primary @entity2407 (PRP) and @entity785 ( @entity785 ) and to compare the results with those obtained in healthy controls. METHODS: The study group consisted of 142 @entity1 with @entity785 , 88 @entity1 with PRP, and 147 healthy controls. NVC was performed in all the groups examined. In @entity1 with @entity785 the capillaroscopic pattern was classified as early, active, or late group pattern. A baseline skin blood flow determination of the dorsum of the subject's hands was acquired through a low-energy 670 nm Lisca Laser Doppler Perfusion Imager. RESULTS: In the healthy controls the perfusion distribution pattern was homogeneous, with a proximal-distal perfusion gradient. In @entity1 with PRP, the perfusion distribution pattern was homogeneous, but the proximal-distal perfusion gradient was absent. Finally, in @entity1 with @entity785 the perfusion distribution pattern was dyshomogeneous and a proximal-distal gradient was absent. The minimum perfusion, mean perfusion, maximum perfusion, and standard deviation, calculated as variation by means of each measurement site, were significantly different in all the groups examinated. CONCLUSION: NVC represents the best method to analyze @entity16 in @entity627 . LDPI improves the evaluation of @entity1504 in @entity1 with @entity785 . The LDPI and the capillaroscopic images fully matched the definition of the various stages of vascular digital damage in @entity785 .

title: Laser Doppler perfusion imaging is useful in the study of XXXX and improves the capillaroscopic diagnosis.

entities_list: @entity627 :: ('MESH:D012216', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatic diseases']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['microvascular damage']

entities_list: @entity2407 :: ('MESH:D011928', 'Disease') :: ["Raynaud's phenomenon"]

entities_list: @entity1504 :: ('MESH:D002561', 'Disease') :: ['vascular damage']

entities_list: @entity785 :: ('MESH:D012595', 'Disease') :: ['systemic sclerosis', 'SSc']

answer: @entity2407 :: (MESH:D011928,Disease) :: ['Raynaud's phenomenon']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Post-herpetic @entity9 (PHN) is a distressing @entity9 condition mainly affecting elderly @entity1 . @entity9 symptoms can be of a burning, shooting and stabbing nature, and may continue for prolonged periods and are often poorly controlled by polymedication. The aim of this study was to evaluate the analgesic efficacy and safety of topical analgesic treatment (5% @entity3303 [ @entity3303 ] medicated plaster) compared with placebo plaster in @entity1 with PHN. METHODS: This was a double-blind, placebo plaster-controlled, parallel-group, multicentre study employing enriched enrolment with randomized withdrawal methodology. After an initial 8-week open-label, active run-in phase, responders entered a 2-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase. The study was conducted at 33 outpatient investigational centres in 12 European countries. @entity1 with PHN were selected who were aged >/=50 years, had experienced @entity9 persisting for >/=3 months after rash healing, and had a mean @entity158 intensity of >/=4 on an 11-point numerical rating scale. A total of 265 @entity1 entered the open-label phase and subsequently a pre-defined number of 71 @entity1 entered the randomized phase. @entity1 applied up to three 5% @entity3303 medicated plasters for up to 12 hours per day. The primary endpoint of the study was time-to-exit due to a >/=2-point reduction in @entity158 relief on two consecutive days of plaster application using a 6-point verbal rating scale. RESULTS: Of the 265 @entity1 entering the run-in phase, 51.7% achieved at least moderate @entity158 relief. In the double-blind phase (full analysis set, n = 71), median times-to-exit were 13.5 (range 2-14) and 9.0 (range 1-14) days for @entity3303 and placebo plaster groups, respectively (p = 0.151). For per-protocol @entity1 (n = 34), median time-to-exit was 14.0 (range 3-14) and 6.0 (range 1-14) days for @entity3303 and placebo plaster groups, respectively (p = 0.0398). Drug-related adverse events occurred in 13.6% of @entity1 . Treatment with 5% @entity3303 medicated plaster was associated with improvements in @entity158 , @entity1931 , quality of life and sleep measures. CONCLUSIONS: This study adds to a growing body of evidence that the 5% @entity3303 medicated plaster can be considered a valuable treatment option for @entity1 with PHN, providing beneficial effects on @entity158 , @entity1931 , quality of life and sleep, with minimal adverse effects.

title: Topical 5% XXXX ( @entity3303 ) medicated plaster treatment for @entity9 : results of a double-blind, placebo-controlled, multinational efficacy and safety trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1931 :: ('MESH:D006930', 'Disease') :: ['allodynia']

entities_list: @entity3303 :: ('MESH:D008012', 'Chemical') :: ['lignocaine', 'lidocaine']

entities_list: @entity9 :: ('MESH:D009437', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathic pain', 'Neuropathic pain', 'neuralgia']

answer: @entity3303 :: (MESH:D008012,Chemical) :: ['lidocaine']


abstract: The discovery of sickle cell hemoglobin in 1949 lead to the concept of " @entity74 ". Since then, the total number of abnormal hemoglobins has been increasing, reaching 750 in April, 1998. Of these, 91% are variants with single @entity535 substitutions. A "scratch" made in the protein moiety can cause alterations in physicochemical properties such as @entity26 affinity, stability and autooxidation of 50% of all variants, further causing hematological or clinical disorders with significant frequencies. Generally, these alterations in properties and consequent hematological or clinical disorders are closely related to the mode and intramolecular location of the mutation. Conventional laboratory methods for mass screening of abnormal hemoglobins such as electrophoresis, isoelectric focusing and ion-exchange HPLC may overlook clinically important variants which possess @entity535 substitutions without change in the charge. @entity26 affinity measurement may be a useful method to detect silent variants. Modern apparatuses can quickly and conveniently construct a continuous @entity26 dissociation curve from one drop of whole blood. The dissociation curve becomes biphasic when the red cell contains abnormal hemoglobin with abnormal @entity26 affinity. The continuous curve recording is advantageous because the proportion of the abnormal hemoglobin component can be estimated and the abnormal chain, either alpha or beta, can be predicted based on the inflection point of the biphasic curve.

title: [The origin of @entity74 : functional abnormalities and consequent clinical symptoms caused by single XXXX substitutions].

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen', 'Oxygen']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['molecular disease']

answer: @entity535 :: (CHEBI:33704,Chemical) :: ['amino acid']


abstract: 1. @entity1372 retention in @entity82 may be partly attributable to resistance to a putative circulating natriuretic factor. In @entity82 , plasma concentrations of atrial natriuretic peptide are often increased in the presence of @entity1372 retention. 2. In order to determine whether the kidney of cirrhotic animals may be insensitive to atrial natriuretic peptide, isolated perfused kidneys from six cirrhotic and five control @entity35 were exposed to increasing concentrations of atrial natriuretic peptide. @entity82 had been induced by @entity4314 administration. 3. Excretion in vivo of a 2 mmol @entity1372 load, administered by gavage, was impaired in cirrhotic animal for up to 4 h as compared with control animals (4.2 +/- 1.9 vs 34.9 +/- 13.4% P less than 0.05). 4. During perfusion at 110 mmHg in the absence of atrial natriuretic peptide, @entity1372 excretion by isolated kidneys of cirrhotic animals tended to be lower than in control animals, but the difference was not significant (4.93 +/- 1.01 vs 8.41 +/- 1.48 mumol min-1 g-1 kidney weight, P = 0.09). There was a smaller increase in urinary @entity1372 excretion by the kidneys of cirrhotic @entity35 compared with control @entity35 in the presence of atrial natriuretic peptide at 10, 50 and 200 pmol/l (respectively: 0.06 +/- 0.08 vs 1.29 +/- 0.35 mumol/min-1 g-1 kidney weight, P less than 0.02; 0.49 +/- 0.08 vs 1.82 +/- 0.42 mumol min-1 g-1 kidney weight, P less than 0.03; 1.42 +/- 0.16 vs 3.23 +/- 0.73 mumol min-1 g-1 kidney weight, P less than 0.05), but not at 1000 pmol/l.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Impaired natriuretic response to atrial natriuretic peptide in the isolated kidney of XXXX with experimental @entity82 .

entities_list: @entity4314 :: ('MESH:D002251', 'Chemical') :: ['carbon tetrachloride']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis', 'Cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity1372 :: ('MESH:D012964', 'Chemical') :: ['Sodium', 'sodium']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We retrospectively investigated treatment outcomes in @entity1 with glottic T1 @entity189 treated with 65 Gy in 26 fractions four times a week and discuss the importance of the overall treatment time. METHODS: Two hundred one @entity1 with glottic T1 @entity189 were evaluated. Sixty-five Gray in 26 fractions were delivered for 200 @entity1 , whereas 1 @entity1 received 62.5 Gy in 25 fractions. We delivered radiotherapy once daily four times a week in this period, for a weekly dose of 10 Gy. Weekdays except Wednesday were treatment days. RESULTS: The overall survival rate was 96.8    1.3% (standard error) at 3 years and 90.8    2.2% at 5 years. The local control rate was 91.9    2.0% at 3 years and 89.8    2.3% at 5 years. In @entity1 with an overall treatment time equal to or longer than 47 days, the local control rate was 82.6    6.0% at both 3 and 5 years. In the @entity1 with overall treatment time equal to or less than 46 days, the local control rate was 94.6    1.9% at 3 years and 91.8    2.4% at 5 years. There was a significant difference between these two groups (P = 0.0349). A severe late radiation reaction occurred in one @entity1 . He experienced severe @entity4 that required tracheotomy at 6 months after the completion of radiotherapy. The tracheotomy was closed at 14 months after completion of radiotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: Overall treatment time seems to be an important factor for a good local control rate for glottic T1N0 @entity189 even when treated with slight hypofractionation.

title: Radiotherapy for glottic T1N0 XXXX with slight hypofractionation and standard overall treatment time: importance of overall treatment time.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['laryngeal edema']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['carcinoma']


abstract: There is increasing evidence that chronic enhanced exogenous or endogenous @entity2922 stimulation in @entity1 with @entity384 may worsen hemodynamic status and prognosis. The cause of this deterioration may lie in myocellular @entity460 accumulation and @entity74 . In a prospective study, the @entity460 channel antagonist @entity3988 was given to 22 @entity1 with @entity384 (60 to 90 mg three times daily) in addition to conventional therapy of digitalis, diuretics and vasodilators. Twenty-five @entity1 received the conventional therapy and served as historical controls. Eight additional @entity1 who were not originally included in this control group received adjunctive @entity3988 treatment after initially receiving conventional therapy alone. The three @entity1 groups were similar in all hemodynamic and anamnestic features. Only @entity1 with reduced myofibrillar volume fraction on myocardial biopsy were included in the trial, because they could be expected to show @entity5122 . The mean survival time was 29 months in the control group, whereas no @entity1 in the @entity3988 group died over a mean follow-up period of 15.4 months (p less than 0.001). Mean left ventricular ejection fraction increased from 0.34 to 0.44 (p less than 0.001) and New York Heart Association functional class improved significantly in the @entity3988 group and during the @entity3988 period in the crossover @entity1 , but deteriorated in the control group. The results suggest that adjunctive @entity3988 treatment in @entity384 has beneficial effects on mortality, hemodynamics and symptoms.

title: Beneficial effects of long-term XXXX treatment in @entity384 .

entities_list: @entity5122 :: ('MESH:C565430', 'Disease') :: ['hemodynamic deterioration']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['dilated cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity3988 :: ('MESH:D004110', 'Chemical') :: ['diltiazem']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['microcirculatory disorders']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity2922 :: ('CHEBI:33567', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamine']

answer: @entity3988 :: (MESH:D004110,Chemical) :: ['diltiazem']


abstract: @entity11150 is the most commonly used fungus for commercial amylase production, the increase of amylase activity will be beneficial to the amylase industry. Herein we report a high a-amylase producing (HAP) A. @entity3456 WLB42 mutated from A. @entity3456 A4 by @entity6321 treatment. The fermentation conditions for the amylase production were optimized. The results showed that both the amylase activity and total protein content reached highest after 48-h incubation in liquid medium using starch as the sole @entity505 source. The enzyme production reached maximum at temperature of 30  C, pH 7, with 40 g/L starch in the medium inoculated with 1.4% v/v spore. When 0.3% w/v @entity1133 was added to the liquid medium as a @entity1568 source, the amylase activity was elevated by 20%. Nine @entity7787 and derivatives were tested for a-amylase induction, @entity413 was the best inducer. Furthermore, the enzymology characterization of amylase was conducted. The molecular weight of amylase was determined to be 50 kD by @entity214 -PAGE. The amylase had maximum activity at 45  C and pH 7. The activity could be dramatically triggered by adding 1 mM @entity3158 , increased to 250%. The activity was inhibited by detergents @entity214 and @entity6000 . Six different brands of starch were tested for amylase activity, the results demonstrated that the more soluble of the starch, the higher hydrolyzability of the substrate by amylase.

title: Characterization of a starch-hydrolyzing a-amylase produced by XXXX WLB42 mutated by @entity6321 treatment.

entities_list: @entity6321 :: ('MESH:D005020', 'Chemical') :: ['ethyl methanesulfonate']

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen']

entities_list: @entity11150 :: ('5061', 'Species') :: ['Aspergillus niger']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity7787 :: ('MESH:D009005', 'Chemical') :: ['monosaccharides']

answer: @entity11150 :: (5061,Species) :: ['Aspergillus niger']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To analyse the use of @entity4373 ( @entity4373 ) in @entity1 with @entity627 , treated at a paediatric rheumatology centre in Italy. METHODS: Parents of @entity1 with different kinds of chronic @entity627 anonymously completed a questionnaire about their @entity1 's past or current use of @entity4373 . Two groups of @entity1 were analysed: Group A consisted of @entity1 who were still attending the centre; Group B consisted of @entity1 who had not attended the clinic for more than one year. RESULTS: 150 completed surveys were analysed: 22 paediatric @entity1 (14.7%), 10/100 in group A and 12/50 in group B, used @entity4373 to treat their diseases. The therapies used the most were homeopathy, herbal remedies, vitamins and minerals. We observed a significantly greater use of @entity4373 among @entity1 who had not attended the clinic for more than one year (24%) as compared to those who were regularly checked (10%) (p=0.02). Parents' use of @entity4373 was significantly related to its use for their @entity1 (p=0.001). A poor outcome, probably related to the exclusive use of alternative treatments, was observed in three out of six @entity1 who had completely stopped using traditional immunosuppressive drugs. CONCLUSIONS: Physicians should be aware of the use of @entity4373 particularly in @entity1 who skip their regular check-ups. The use of @entity4373 to treat childhood rheumatic conditions in Italy seems to be less frequent than in North America.

title: XXXX ( @entity4373 ) in paediatric rheumatology: a European perspective.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4373 :: ('MESH:C536589', 'Disease') :: ['complementary and alternative medicine', 'CAM']

entities_list: @entity627 :: ('MESH:D012216', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatic diseases']

answer: @entity4373 :: (MESH:C536589,Disease) :: ['Complementary and Alternative Medicine']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE - The aim was to investigate whether heterogeneous coronary blood flow is maldistributed during endotoxin shock. DESIGN - Variables were studied before (t = 0) and at t = 90 and t = 120 min after bolus injection of saline (n = 6) or endotoxin (n = 6). SUBJECTS - 12 anaesthetised mongrel @entity235 , weight 20-27 kg, were used. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS - We studied myocardial blood flows in small tissue sections (of about 1 g in left and 2 g in right ventricle) with radioactive microspheres, together with haemodynamic @entity296 . At t = 0 min in controls, regional flows per 100 g were heterogeneous and ranged from a factor 0.2 to 2.7 and 0.6 to 1.6 of mean flow per 100 g to the left and right ventricle respectively; heterogeneity was unchanged at t = 90 and t = 120 min. Between t = 0, t = 90, and t = 120 min regional flows correlated: r = 0.78(SD 0.14), n = 18, for left ventricle, and r = 0.70(0.17) for right ventricle. In the endotoxin group, cardiac output and mean arterial pressure decreased by 44(7) and 48(11)% respectively, and @entity880 increased by 3.2(0.6) mmol.litre-1 at t = 120 min. Global left ventricle blood flow and delivery and metabolism of @entity3612 were unchanged; @entity880 extraction and external work fell. The ratio between global right ventricular @entity3612 delivery and external work also rose. Regional blood flows ranged from a factor 0.2 to 2.7 and 0.1 to 1.8 of mean flow to left and right ventricles respectively; heterogeneity did not differ from controls and did not change with time. Flow correlations with time were reduced: 0.45(0.24) for left ventricle and 0.45(0.26) for right ventricle (both n = 18, p less than 0.005 v controls). The left ventricular endocardial to epicardial flow ratio fell; flow was redistributed to both layers. CONCLUSIONS - Heterogeneous blood flow is redistributed throughout the heart during @entity235 endotoxin shock so that, at unchanged global blood flow and flow heterogeneity, flow decreases in some but increases in other areas. Flow maldistribution may be associated with focal ischaemia, which may be masked by a rise in @entity3612 uptake for a given workload (contractile inefficiency) in overperfused areas, and may thereby contribute to a fall in global myocardial external work for a given @entity3612 delivery.

title: Maldistribution of heterogeneous coronary blood flow during XXXX endotoxin shock.

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['variables and global myocardial metabolism']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['canine']


abstract: We have previously demonstrated that following the adoptive transfer of immune cells, the regression of established pulmonary metastases from a weakly immunogenic @entity242 , MCA 105, required the collaboration of two T cell subsets. In this study, we found that the critical role played by @entity1961 + immune cells was to provide a helper function since @entity5 regression proceeded in the absence of @entity1961 + immune cells if exogenous @entity2047 ( @entity2047 ) was administered. To extend these observations, we analyzed the events leading to the induction and generation of @entity1961 + and @entity3414 + immune T cells after immunization of @entity19 with viable @entity5 cells admixed with Corynebacterium parvum. The basic protocol involved immunization, surgical excision of the immunization site on day 7, and challenge with viable @entity5 cells on day 21. The ability of @entity19 to reject @entity5 challenge provided a means to evaluate the occurrence of a systemic antitumor immunity. With the use of this experimental protocol, we have found that depletion of T cell subsets in vivo with either @entity1961 or @entity3414 monoclonal antibodies after active immunization abrogated the development of antitumor immunity. @entity19 immunized and depleted of @entity1961 + but not @entity3414 + T cells were able to reject @entity5 challenge if exogenous @entity2047 was given for 7 days. However, the rejection of @entity5 challenge required 3 days of additional exogenous @entity2047 administration. These results indicate that the induction of @entity3414 + immune T cells depended on the helper function of @entity1961 + T cells via the secretion of @entity2047 . In the absence of @entity1961 + immune lymphocytes, the expression of antitumor immunity by @entity3414 + immune cells could be facilitated by in vivo administration of exogenous @entity2047 . The induction of @entity1961 + immune T cells, on the other hand, occurred independently of the @entity3414 + T cell response because the transfer of spleen cells from @entity3414 + cell-depleted, immunized animals was able to restore antitumor reactivity in @entity1961 + cell-depleted, immunized @entity19 . These results demonstrate the intricate cellular interactions leading to the induction as well as the expression of antitumor immunity.

title: Cellular interactions and the role of XXXX in the expression and induction of immunity against a syngeneic @entity19 @entity242 .

answer: @entity2047 :: (16183(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['interleukin 2']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity295 , @entity326 and @entity2259 are @entity3124 , and @entity1 with these conditions require close monitoring and immediate medical treatment. Any delay in diagnosis may lead to an increase in mortality in such @entity3124 patients. Serum procalcitonin (PCT) has emerged as a highly accurate biomarker for differentiating @entity295 from other non-infectious triggers. OBJECTIVE: In this study, we investigated the effectiveness of PCT in obtaining early diagnosis and efficient prognosis for such @entity1 at the Emergency Department of Rajavithi Hospital. MATERIAL AND METHOD: A prospective study was performed of 110 adult @entity1 who attended the emergency service department between August 1 2013 and October 31 2013. The effectiveness of PCT as a specific blood test analysis tool for detecting and classifying the severity of @entity1 with @entity295 was investigated, and sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive values (NPV), positive predictive values ( @entity2286 ) and positive likelihood ratio (LR+) were used to differentiate infected @entity1 . RESULTS: One hundred and ten @entity1 were enrolled and classified into 3 categories as follows: severe @entity295 (n = 34, 30.9%), @entity326 (n = 13, 11.8%), and @entity2259 (n = 23, 20.9%). At a PCT level of >=  2 ng/dL, it was feasible to categorize @entity1 as having severe @entity295 (p < 0.001; RR 3.58; 95% CI 2.18-5.89), @entity326 (p = 0.001; 5.73; 2.06- 15.93) or @entity2259 (p < 0.001; 3.91; 1.98-7.73). Moreover, the PCT value yielded the following diagnostic performances for @entity1 with: severe @entity295 ( @entity2286 70.8%; NPV 80.2%; LR+ 5.0; sensitivity 50.0%; specificity 90.8%); @entity326 (33.3%; 94.2%; 3.6; 61.5%; 83.5%); and @entity2259 (50.0%; 87.2%; 3.7; 52.2%; 86.2%). CONCLUSION: PCT can be usefully employed as a promising chemical biomarker to differentiate the severity of @entity281 in @entity3124 @entity1 . Used together with clinical data, the PCT value of >=  2 ng/dL is efficient in categorizing such @entity1 as having severe @entity295 , @entity2259 .

title: Procalcitonin under Investigation as a Means of Detecting @entity295 , XXXX and @entity2259 at Emergency Department, Rajavithi Hospital.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['sepsis', 'Severe sepsis']

entities_list: @entity326 :: ('MESH:D012772', 'Disease') :: ['septic shock']

entities_list: @entity3124 :: ('MESH:D016638', 'Disease') :: ['critically ill', 'critical illnesses']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity2259 :: ('MESH:D016470', 'Disease') :: ['bacteremia', 'septic shock or bacteremia']

answer: @entity326 :: (MESH:D012772,Disease) :: ['Septic Shock']