abstract: PURPOSE: Permanent implantation of 125I seeds may be used when uninvolved surgical margins are unobtainable or close. Two cases of mediastinal @entity5 with prior chemoradiation had @entity5 adherent to esophageal muscularis. Both underwent intraoperative permanent seed implantation and developed @entity1727 requiring surgical correction. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Custom permanent 125I seed mesh implants were fashioned intraoperatively in a geometrically coherent pattern. The implants were directly sutured to the partially resected esophageal wall. The postimplant CT scans were fused with the postfistula scans to provide dosimetric information at the @entity292 site. Doses were calculated from time of insertion to time of @entity292 formation. Neither @entity1 showed evidence of disease recurrence at the time of @entity292 repair. RESULTS: @entity1 1 developed an @entity1727 83 days after seed implantation. @entity1 2 developed a @entity456 300 days after seed implantation. CONCLUSIONS: These cases demonstrated that implantation in the setting of extensive subcarinal space dissection and partial esophageal wall resection could cause @entity292 formation and the need for additional surgery. The high mucosal dose, despite the relatively low activity implant, was due to lack of geometric sparing of the mucosa. We recommend that extensive subcarinal space dissection be considered a contraindication to permanent seed implantation.

title: Severe toxicity after permanent radioactive seed implantation for mediastinal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoid tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1727 :: ('MESH:D004937', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal fistulas', 'esophageal-pleural fistula']

entities_list: @entity456 :: ('MESH:D010995', 'Disease') :: ['broncho-pleural fistula']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['carcinoid tumors']


abstract: Despite the high prevalence of comorbid substance use disorder (SUD) up to 65% in @entity161 there is still few knowledge about the influence of @entity734 on neurocognitive function. In a prospective design we recruited 68 @entity1 (aged 18-40 years) diagnosed as recent-onset @entity161 or @entity914 consecutively admitted to hospital. The @entity1 received standardized psychopathological evaluation of @entity161 symptoms [Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms ( @entity12269 )], @entity308 [Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale, (MADRS)] and global ratings [Clinical Global Impressions Scale (CGI), Global Assessment of Functioning Scale (GAF)]. Out of this sample 44 subjects underwent after stabilization (4-6 weeks after admission) neuropsychological investigation focusing on early information processing (Trail-Making-Test A, Digit Span), visuo-spatial ability (Corsi Block Tapping), verbal fluency (Verbal Fluency Test, semantic and letter category), and executive functioning and cognitive flexibility [Trail-Making-Test B, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST)]. About 36% of @entity1 reported @entity734 [European Addiction Severity Index (EuropASI)] with a high prevalence for @entity835 . Compared with nonabusers the sample of substance abusers was younger, predominantly male and had lower socioeconomic status. Attentional impairment according to the @entity12269 subscale was less in abusers than in nonabusers on admission, no other psychopathological differences could be detected. @entity161 @entity1 without @entity734 demonstrated significantly better performance only in a few neurocognitive tasks (Verbal Fluency, letter category and at trend level Digit Span, backwards), while there tended to be an advantage for substance abusers in executive functioning (WCST, not significant). These results are consistent with other studies of first-episode @entity1 . The lack of higher @entity73 in young @entity161 @entity1 with comorbid @entity734 may encourage clinicians to develop integrated treatment programmes using cognitive strategies of drug therapy.

title: Comorbid @entity734 and neurocognitive function in recent-onset XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive symptoms']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive disturbance']

entities_list: @entity914 :: ('MESH:D011618', 'Disease') :: ['schizoaffective disorder']

entities_list: @entity835 :: ('MESH:D002189', 'Disease') :: ['cannabis']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia', 'schizophrenic', 'Schizophrenic']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['drug abuse', 'substance abuse']

answer: @entity161 :: (MESH:D012559,Disease) :: ['schizophrenia']


abstract: Regional distribution of lung ventilation and @entity717 were evaluated using a non-invasive scintigraphic method in @entity1 with @entity2112 . Twenty-four non-smoking @entity1 aged 20 +/- 9 years (mean +/- S.D.), all with a right convex dorsal curve (mean Cobb's angle of 65.1 +/- 26.4 degrees), underwent lung ventilation scintigraphy after inhalation of 99Tcm-labelled @entity1 albumin microspheres. The distribution of the inhaled aerosol was assessed and scored based on four scintigraphic patterns, ranging from homogeneous distribution (score = 1) to diffuse severe @entity3316 (score = 4). @entity717 , evaluated in 11 of the 24 @entity1 , was assessed using an index (DM-Index) computed for each hemi-diaphragm by the normalization and subtraction of two digital scans obtained during maximal inspiration and expiration respectively. The left lung, situated on the concave side of the scoliotic curve, showed a more uneven distribution of ventilation (scintigraphic score: 2.62 +/- 1.17 vs 1.50 +/- 1.02, P < 0.01) and a reduced hemi-diaphragm movement (DM-Index: 29.2 +/- 4.0 vs 35.9 +/- 2.9, P < 0.001). A significant inverse correlation was found between Cobb's angle and both the right and left DM-Index (r = -0.82 and -0.66 respectively). In a stepwise multiple-regression analysis, the scintigraphic score correlated significantly with the functional index of distribution of inspired gas (IDI) derived from the multiple-breath @entity1568 washout curve (P = 0.02). We conclude that lung ventilation scintigraphy provides information on the regional distribution of ventilation and on @entity717 in @entity2112 . The pulmonary function derangements in scoliotic @entity1 were mainly localized in the lung on the concave side of the scoliotic curve and were related to the severity of the spinal curvature.

title: Evaluation of pulmonary ventilation and XXXX in @entity2112 using radioaerosol ventilation scintigraphy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen']

entities_list: @entity2112 :: ('MESH:C564593', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic scoliosis']

entities_list: @entity3316 :: ('MESH:D007040', 'Disease') :: ['hypoventilation']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['Diaphragmatic movement', 'diaphragmatic movement']

answer: @entity717 :: (MESH:D009069,Disease) :: ['diaphragmatic movement']


abstract: Pyogenic @entity4034 (PVO) can be treated most often by medical management. For those failing with medical management, surgical delay can result in increased morbidity. Therefore, the ability to predict failure of medical management on presentation would greatly improve the outcome. This study determines the ability of the presenting magnetic resonance imaging scan to predict failure of nonoperative management at the onset of treatment. A cohort of @entity1 with PVO, initially treated medically, was reviewed. Imaging, demographics, and clinical data of @entity1 successfully treated medically were compared with those ultimately requiring surgical treatment. The extent of signal change on the T1-weighted sagittal images of the affected motion segment was determined for each group. Twenty-two @entity1 were included in the study. @entity1 successfully treated medically averaged 57%+/-19% of motion segment involvement, whereas those failing conservative treatment averaged 89%+/-18%. Using 90% involvement as an indication for initial surgery would have a sensitivity of 78% and specificity of 93%. @entity1 with thoracolumbar @entity30990 who have 90% or higher involvement of an affected motion segment should be considered for early operative management.

title: The ability of MRI to predict failure of nonoperative treatment of pyogenic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity4034 :: ('MESH:D010019', 'Disease') :: ['vertebral osteomyelitis']

answer: @entity4034 :: (MESH:D010019,Disease) :: ['vertebral osteomyelitis']


abstract: PURPOSE: This multicenter, phase II study was conducted to evaluate the activity of @entity12418 , a topoisomerase II inhibitor, against refractory or relapsed @entity151 ( @entity151 ). @entity1 AND METHODS: @entity151 @entity1 with measurable disease who had been treated previously with at least one @entity902 -based chemotherapy regimen and had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0 to 2 were eligible. Two groups of @entity1 were selected: @entity1 who experienced first-line treatment failure less than 60 days from treatment discontinuation (refractory group), and @entity1 who responded to first-line treatment and experienced disease progression > or = 60 days after treatment discontinuation (sensitive group). @entity12418 was administered as a 5-minute daily intravenous injection at a dose of 40 mg/m2 for 3 consecutive days, every 3 weeks. RESULTS: Between June 2003 and December 2004, 60 @entity1 (16 refractory and 44 sensitive) were enrolled. The median number of treatment cycles was four (range, one to eight). Grade 3 or 4 hematologic @entity137 comprised @entity1398 (83%), @entity882 (20%), and @entity417 (33%). @entity1398 was observed in three @entity1 (5%). Nonhematologic @entity137 were mild. No treatment-related @entity204 was observed. The overall response rates were 50% (95% CI, 25% to 75%) in the refractory group, and 52% (95% CI, 37% to 68%) in the sensitive group. The progression-free survival, overall survival, and 1-year survival in the refractory group and the sensitive group were 2.6 and 4.2 months, 10.3 and 11.6 months, and 40% and 46%, respectively. CONCLUSION: @entity12418 exhibits significant activity against @entity151 , with predictable and manageable @entity137 ; this agent deserves to be studied more extensively in additional trials.

title: Phase II trial of XXXX for treatment of refractory or relapsed @entity151 : Thoracic Oncology Research Group Study 0301.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity12418 :: ('MESH:C055866', 'Chemical') :: ['amrubicin', 'Amrubicin']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia', 'Febrile neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity151 :: ('MESH:D055752', 'Disease') :: ['SCLC', 'small-cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['platinum']

answer: @entity12418 :: (MESH:C055866,Chemical) :: ['amrubicin']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Transvaginal sonography (TVS) is core to any @entity43 screening strategy. General-population screening involves older postmenopausal @entity1 in whom ovarian visualization is difficult because of decreasing ovarian size and lack of follicular activity. We report on factors affecting the visualization of postmenopausal ovaries in the multicenter United Kingdom Collaborative Trial of @entity43 Screening (UKCTOCS). METHODS: The UKCTOCS is a randomized controlled trial of 202 638 postmenopausal @entity1 with 50 639 @entity1 in the ultrasound scan arm. TVS is the primary screening modality in the ultrasound scan arm. Age, education, ethnicity, body mass index (BMI), previous pelvic surgery, lifestyle and reproductive factors, and a personal/family history of @entity5 were assessed for their effects on ovarian visualization at the initial TVS. RESULTS: Between 11 June 2001 and 18 August 2007, 43 867 @entity1 underwent TVS. The median age and BMI of the @entity1 were 60.6 (interquartile range (IQR), 9.9) years and 25.7 (IQR, 5.8), respectively. The right ovary was visualized in 29 297 (66.8%) and the left ovary was visualized in 28 726 (65.5%). Visualization of ovaries decreased with previous hysterectomy (odds ratio (OR) = 0.534; 95% CI, 0.504-0.567), previous tubal ligation (OR = 0.895; 95% CI, 0.852-0.940), increasing age (OR = 0.953; 95% CI, 0.950-0.956), unilateral oophorectomy (OR = 0.224; 95% CI, 0.186-0.269) and being overweight (OR = 0.918; 95% CI, 0.876-0.962) or @entity28 (OR = 0.715; 95% CI, 0.677-0.755). Increased visualization was observed with a history of @entity249 (OR = 1.134; 95% CI, 1.005-1.279) and increasing age (in years) at menopause (OR = 1.005; 95% CI, 1.001-1.009). CONCLUSIONS: Several factors affect the visualization of postmenopausal ovaries. Their impact needs to be taken into consideration when developing quality assurance for ovarian ultrasound scanning or comparing study results as their prevalence may differ between populations.

title: Factors affecting visualization of postmenopausal ovaries: descriptive study from the multicenter United Kingdom Collaborative Trial of XXXX Screening (UKCTOCS).

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['Ovarian Cancer', 'ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity249 :: ('MESH:D007246', 'Disease') :: ['infertility']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['Ovarian Cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Computed tomography (CT)-guided celiac plexus neurolysis has been used for controlling the chronic @entity490 associated with @entity1320 and chronic @entity788 . Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided celiac plexus neurolysis has been reported to have some success in controlling @entity158 from @entity788 . The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy of EUS-guided celiac plexus block versus CT-guided celiac plexus block for controlling the chronic @entity490 associated with chronic @entity788 . METHODS: @entity1 enrolled were randomly assigned to EUS-guided or CT-guided celiac plexus block. @entity158 scores were determined pre- and postceliac block for both techniques. Follow-up was obtained by a nurse at 1 day post-block, then weekly thereafter for 24 wk. @entity1 also rated overall experience with these procedures. The EUS celiac block was performed with a 22-gauge sterile needle inserted into the celiac region with guidance of real-time linear array endosonography followed by injection of 10 ml of @entity1341 (0.75%) and 3 ml (40 mg) of @entity2713 on both sides of the celiac area. RESULTS: Twenty-two consecutive @entity1 (10 @entity1 , 12 @entity1 ), were ultimately enrolled in this study between 7/1/95 and 12/30/95; four @entity1 were excluded for protocol violations. We performed EUS-guided celiac block in 10 @entity1 and CT-guided celiac block in eight. A significant improvement in @entity158 scores with reduction in @entity158 medication usage occurred in 50% (five of 10) of @entity1 having the EUS block. The mean postprocedure follow-up was 15 weeks (range: 8-24 wk). Persistent benefit was experienced by 40% of @entity1 at 8 wk and by 30% at 24 wk. In the @entity1 with CT block, however, only 25% (two of eight) had relief. The mean follow-up was 4 wk (range: 2-6 wk). Only 12% (one of eight) had some relief at 12 wk of follow-up. There were no complications. EUS-guided celiac block was the preferred technique among @entity1 who experienced both techniques. A cost comparison between both celiac block techniques shows EUS to be less costly than CT. CONCLUSIONS: EUS-guided celiac block provided more persistent @entity158 relief than CT-guided block and was the preferred technique among the subjects studied. EUS-guided celiac block appears to be a safe, effective, and less costly method for controlling the @entity490 that can accompany chronic @entity788 in some @entity1 .

title: A prospective randomized comparison of endoscopic ultrasound- and computed tomography-guided celiac plexus block for managing chronic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis', 'pancreatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity1341 :: ('MESH:D002045', 'Chemical') :: ['bupivacaine']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity1320 :: ('MESH:D059413', 'Disease') :: ['intra-abdominal malignancy']

entities_list: @entity2713 :: ('MESH:D014221', 'Chemical') :: ['triamcinolone']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pancreatitis pain']


abstract: @entity452 was administered by intravenous infusion to 10 @entity1 with @entity299 who had a @entity998 following abdominal surgery. The dosage of @entity452 started from 2.5 mcg kg-1 @entity1009 and was increased stepwise to 5, 7.5, 10, 12.5 and 15 mcg kg-1 @entity1009 . Cardiac index increased significantly from 2.05 +/- 0.32 to 3.03 +/- 0.61. @entity1009 @entity1009 with 15 mcg kg-1 @entity1009 . Heart rate was unchanged with 7.5 mcg kg-1 @entity1009 but increased significantly from 97.7 +/- 18.5 to 126.1 +/- 21.5 beats. @entity1009 with 15 mcg kg-1. @entity1009 . @entity64 index increased significantly from 21 +/- 4.4 to 25.4 +/- 5.1 ml m-2. beat-1 with 7.5 mcg kg-1 @entity1009 . Pulmonary wedge pressure fell significantly from 14 +/- 2.9 to 9.1 +/- 2.4 mmHg with 2.5 mcg kg-1 @entity1009 . Mean arterial pressure showed no significant change. No side effects were observed in these @entity1 . We conclude that in @entity1 with @entity308 @entity452 at low doses of 2.5 mcg kg-1 @entity1009 decreases afterload and filling pressures. At the average doses of 5 - 7.5 mcg kg-1 @entity1009 @entity64 index and cardiac index are increased. At higher doses of 10 - 15 mcg kg-1 @entity1009 heart rate and cardiac index increase while @entity64 index fails to increase further.

title: @entity452 in the treatment of @entity308 : a study in XXXX with @entity299 during the early post-operative period.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'Stroke']

entities_list: @entity452 :: ('MESH:D004280', 'Chemical') :: ['Dobutamine', 'dobutamine']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressed cardiac function']

entities_list: @entity998 :: ('MESH:D002303', 'Disease') :: ['low cardiac output syndrome']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['ischaemic heart disease']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Inpatient as well as outpatient cure in a @entity11028 environment with commonly 3- to 4-week duration features a combination of different treatments customized according to the needs of the individual @entity1 . The physiological rationale and the mode of action are widely accepted. However, firm quantitative evidence of the clinical effectiveness is incomplete. OBJECTIVE: To document the effects of a well standardized complex therapeutic regimen (Kneippism) on @entity158 , quality of life, and drug consumption during therapy and with 1-year follow up. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective cohort study with assessments at the beginning, during, and at the end of treatment and with follow-up investigations 3, 6, and 12 months thereafter. SETTING: Four @entity11028 clinics in Bad W  rishofen, Southern Bavaria. @entity1 : 363 @entity1 (248 outpatients, mean duration of therapy 23.3 days, and 115 inpatients, mean duration of therapy 27.4 days), one half between 40 and 60 years old above 60 years of age, predominantly suffering from musculoskeletal and/or @entity65 . INTERVENTION: Custom-tailored combination of therapies comprising of hydro-, kinesi-, and phytotherapy, dietetics, 'ordnungstherapie', and continued disease-specific standard treatment, if necessary. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: @entity158 , @entity1 ' self-rating, (IRES questionnaire), medication. RESULTS: The monitored dimensions of @entity158 improved significantly during treatment and remained at that level essentially for the complete follow up interval. The same was true for various dimensions of reported subjective complaints as well as for drug consumption. CONCLUSION: When estimating the clinical relevance of a complex therapeutic regimen such as a cure of 3- to 4-week duration, the question of the impact of the specific effect of single components is secondary to the question of the overall relevance of that therapeutic concept. The findings of this study point at potential long-term effects of at least 1-year duration.

title: [Effects of Kneippism, a standardized complex therapy, on XXXX , quality of life and use of medicines: cohort study with a one-year follow-up].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular diseases']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: PURPOSE: Population-based studies suggest underuse of radiation therapy, especially after mastectomy. Because radiation oncology is a referral-based specialty, knowledge and attitudes of upstream providers, specifically surgeons, may influence @entity1 ' decisions regarding radiation, including whether it is even considered. Therefore, we sought to evaluate surgeons' knowledge of pertinent risk information, their patterns of referral, and the correlates of surgeon knowledge and referral in specific @entity0 scenarios. METHODS AND MATERIALS: We surveyed a national sample of 750 surgeons, with a 67% response rate. We analyzed responses from those who had seen at least 1 @entity0 @entity1 in the past year (n=403), using logistic regression models to identify correlates of knowledge and appropriate referral. RESULTS: Overall, 87% of respondents were general surgeons, and 64% saw >10 @entity0 @entity1 in the previous year. In a scenario involving a 45-year-old undergoing lumpectomy, only 45% correctly estimated the risk of locoregional recurrence without radiation therapy, but 97% would refer to radiation oncology. In a @entity1 with 2 of 20 nodes involved after mastectomy, 30% would neither refer to radiation oncology nor provide accurate information to make radiation decisions. In a @entity1 with 4 of 20 nodes involved after mastectomy, 9% would not refer to radiation oncology. Fewer than half knew that the Oxford meta-analysis revealed a survival benefit from radiation therapy after lumpectomy (45%) or mastectomy (32%). Only 16% passed a 7-item knowledge test; female and more-experienced surgeons were more likely to pass. Factors significantly associated with appropriate referral to radiation oncology included @entity0 , and knowledge. CONCLUSIONS: Many surgeons have inadequate knowledge regarding the role of radiation in @entity0 management, especially after mastectomy. Targeted educational interventions may improve the quality of care.

title: Surgeons' knowledge and practices regarding the role of radiation therapy in XXXX management.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer', 'breast cancer volume, tumor board participation']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: Pine @entity6398 (PPs) are bioactive dietary constituents that enhance health and help prevent diseases through antioxidants. Antioxidants reduce the level of oxidative damages caused by ionizing radiation (IR). The main purpose of this paper is to study the protective effect of PPs on peripheral blood, liver and spleen @entity130 in @entity19 induced by IR. ICR (Institute of @entity5 ) male @entity19 were administered orally with PPs (200 mg/kg b.wt.) once daily for 14 consecutive days prior to 7 Gy y-radiations. PPs showed strong antioxidant activities. PPs significantly increased white blood cells, red blood cells and platelets counts. PPs also significantly reduced lipid peroxidation and increased the activities of @entity224 dismutase, @entity5533 and @entity2041 peroxidases, and the level of @entity2041 . PPs reduced the @entity130 . In addition, PPs inhibited mitochondria-dependent apoptosis pathways in splenocytes induced by IR. These results indicate that PPs are radioprotective promising reagents.

title: Pine XXXX from Pinus koraiensis prevent @entity130 induced by gamma radiation in @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cancer Research']

entities_list: @entity2041 :: ('MESH:D005978', 'Chemical') :: ['glutathione']

entities_list: @entity6398 :: ('MESH:D059808', 'Chemical') :: ['polyphenols']

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['spleen morphologic injury', 'injuries']

answer: @entity6398 :: (MESH:D059808,Chemical) :: ['polyphenols']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2298 is a risk factor for @entity453 ( @entity453 ). The American Heart Association recommends 1000 mg of @entity9539 , @entity4600 ( @entity4601 ) and @entity7784 ( @entity8393 ), daily for cardioprotection and higher doses for @entity412 -lowering in @entity1 with @entity453 . METHODS: This was a prospective, randomized, double-blind study comparing @entity4601 to @entity4601 + @entity8393 in @entity1 with @entity453 and @entity1674 greater than 200 mg/dL. Subjects were randomized to either 1000 mg of @entity4601 or 1252 mg of @entity4601 + @entity8393 for eight weeks. Baseline and eight-week laboratories were drawn to assess changes in the fasting lipid profile. The primary objective was to evaluate the change in @entity1674 between the two groups at eight weeks. RESULTS: A total of 116 subjects were enrolled; 57 in the @entity4601 group and 59 in the @entity4601 + @entity8393 group. Baseline characteristics were similar between groups. The mean age was 69.4 +/- 9.1 years and 70.7% were male. @entity1674 decreased by an average of 21.8% in the @entity4601 group (p < 0.001) and 18.3% in the @entity4601 + @entity8393 group (p < 0.001). The difference between groups was not significant. A greater proportion of subjects in the @entity4601 group achieved @entity412 goal (less than 150 mg/dL) compared to the @entity4601 + @entity8393 group (24.6% versus 10.2%, p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that the American Heart Association recommended cardioprotective dose of @entity9539 can also significantly lower @entity1674 in @entity1 with @entity453 . There do not appear to be significant differences in @entity412 -lowering between @entity4601 only and @entity4601 + @entity8393 combination products when dosing is based on @entity4601 .

title: The @entity412 -lowering effects of a modest dose of @entity4600 alone versus in combination with low dose @entity7784 in @entity1 with XXXX and elevated @entity1674 .

entities_list: @entity2298 :: ('MESH:D015228', 'Disease') :: ['Hypertriglyceridemia']

entities_list: @entity7784 :: ('MESH:D015118', 'Chemical') :: ['eicosapentaenoic acid']

entities_list: @entity4600 :: ('CHEBI:28125', 'Chemical') :: ['docosahexaenoic acid']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['Triglycerides', 'triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity9539 :: ('MESH:D015525', 'Chemical') :: ['omega-3 fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['CAD', 'coronary artery disease']

answer: @entity453 :: (MESH:D003324,Disease) :: ['coronary artery disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The optimal treatment of @entity697 for active @entity1 is under debate. PURPOSE: To compare clinical outcomes and @entity291 muscle strength recovery after the nonsurgical treatment and open surgical repair of @entity697 with identical accelerated rehabilitation programs. STUDY DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 1. METHODS: From 2009 to 2013, a total of 60 @entity1 with an acute @entity397 were randomized to surgery or nonsurgical treatment. Nonsurgical treatment included first a week of cast immobilization, followed by a functional orthosis for 6 weeks, allowing full weightbearing after week 1 and @entity3457 after week 5. Surgery was simple end-to-end open repair, and postoperative treatment was identical to nonsurgical treatment. Outcome measures included the Leppilahti Achilles tendon performance score, isokinetic @entity291 muscle strength, and RAND 36-Item Health Survey at 18-month follow-up. RESULTS: At 18-month follow-up, the mean Leppilahti score was 79.5 and 75.7 for the surgically and nonsurgically treated groups, respectively (mean difference, 3.8; 95% CI, -1.9 to 9.5; P = .19). Angle-specific peak torque results of affected legs showed that surgery resulted in faster and better recovery of @entity291 muscle strength over the entire range of motion of the ankle joint: at 6 months, the difference varied from 16% to 24% (P = .016), favoring the surgically treated group, whereas at 18 months, surgically treated @entity1 had 10% to 18% greater strength results (P = .037). At 18 months, a 14% difference in the peak torque of the affected leg favored the surgical group versus the nonsurgical group (mean peak torque, 110.3 vs 96.5 N  m, respectively; mean difference, 13.6 N  m; 95% CI, 2.0-25.1 N  m; P = .022). The RAND 36-Item Health Survey indicated better results in the domains of physical functioning (P = .006) and bodily @entity158 (P = .037) for surgically treated @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Surgical and nonsurgical treatments of @entity697 have similar results in terms of the Achilles tendon performance score, but surgery restores @entity291 muscle strength earlier over the entire range of motion of the ankle joint, with a 10% to 18% strength difference favoring surgery at 18 months. Surgery may also result in better health-related quality of life in the domains of physical functioning and bodily @entity158 compared with nonsurgical treatment. REGISTRATION: NCT02012803 (ClinicalTrials.gov).

title: A Prospective Randomized Trial Comparing Surgical and Nonsurgical Treatments of Acute XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute Achilles tendon ruptures']

entities_list: @entity397 :: ('MESH:D012421', 'Disease') :: ['Achilles tendon rupture']

entities_list: @entity3457 :: ('OMIM:612348', 'Disease') :: ['active plantar flexion']

answer: @entity397 :: (MESH:D012421,Disease) :: ['Achilles Tendon Ruptures']


abstract: Probenecid has long been used in the treatment of @entity210 . Its anti- @entity210 mechanisms consist of @entity414 reuptake inhibition and the consequent facilitation of @entity414 excretion. In the present study, we investigated whether probenecid could exert an anti- @entity101 effect in spontaneously @entity101 @entity35 (SHR). The noninvasive indirect tail cuff method was employed to measure blood pressure and heart rate. The administration of probenecid (50 mg/kg, ip) induced a significant systolic blood pressure (SBP) decrease, from 167 mmHg to 141 mmHg, within 120 min. In contrast, probenecid had little effect on normotensive control @entity35 Kyoto @entity35 (WKY). The anti- @entity101 effects of probenecid are almost as potent as those of @entity2165 . In a further exploration of the anti- @entity101 mechanisms of probenecid, its effects on @entity2647 -induced blood vessel contraction were tested. Our results suggest that probenecid significantly inhibited the contractions of @entity35 aorta. This effect was also observed with endothelium-removed @entity35 aorta, suggesting that probenecid can directly interact with the a-adrenergic receptor. Moreover, probenecid inhibited the a-adrenergic-receptor-mediated activation of ERK I/II in MC3TC-E1 cells. Therefore, our results indicate that probenecid might alleviate high blood pressure in SHR via inhibition of the a-adrenergic receptor and ERK I/II.

title: Anti- XXXX effects of probenecid via inhibition of the a-adrenergic receptor.

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity2647 :: ('MESH:D010656', 'Chemical') :: ['phenylephrine']

entities_list: @entity2165 :: ('MESH:D001262', 'Chemical') :: ['atenolol']

entities_list: @entity414 :: ('MESH:D014527', 'Chemical') :: ['uric acid']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertensive']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1583 occur frequently in young adults. With treatment, many @entity1 are able to survive. Issues of dependency and peer group membership present unique challenges to this subset of @entity5 survivors. Interest in @entity5 survivorship has grown, but little is known about the quality of life (QOL) of young adult survivors. OBJECTIVE: The objectives of this study were to examine QOL among young adult survivors in relation to middle-aged and older adults, identify common areas of concern, and explore the association of individual characteristics with levels of QOL. METHODS: This was a descriptive correlational study using a convenience sample of 48 @entity1 , aged 18 to 35 years at time of diagnosis. Data collection consisted of a 1-time telephone interview utilizing the City of Hope Quality of Life of @entity5 Survivors questionnaire and 3 open-ended questions. RESULTS: No significant correlations were found between QOL dimensions and current age, age at treatment completion, or time since treatment completion. Social well-being was related to age and spiritual well-being to race. A substantial proportion of the sample identified the need for additional education and peer group support. CONCLUSIONS: Results support the importance of developing survivorship programs tailored to the needs of the young adult @entity1 . This may include ongoing opportunities to meet with other survivors and referrals to appropriate support resources. Data suggest that the need for survivorship services exists beyond the first few years after treatment completion. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Young adult @entity1 who may be at higher risk for decreased QOL can be targeted for earlier intervention.

title: Quality of life of young adult survivors of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity1583 :: ('MESH:D019337', 'Disease') :: ['Hematologic malignancies']

answer: @entity1583 :: (MESH:D019337,Disease) :: ['hematologic malignancies']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The Reduction of Endpoints in @entity2175 with the @entity2178 Antagonist @entity9886 (RENAAL) study has previously shown @entity9886 to confer significant benefits to @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 and @entity8 . The original study of 1513 @entity1 included 96 Japanese @entity1 ; the present study is a post-hoc analysis of the effects of @entity9886 in this Japanese subpopulation. METHODS: This double-blind, randomized study compared @entity9886 (50 to 100 mg once daily) with placebo. The study medication was taken in addition to conventional antihypertensive treatment, and the mean follow-up period for the Japanese @entity1 was 2.8 years. The primary endpoint was the composite of doubling of serum @entity1011 , @entity8 , or @entity204 . Secondary endpoints included changes in @entity644 levels. Safety was also evaluated. RESULTS: The primary composite endpoint was reached in fewer Japanese @entity1 receiving @entity9886 than placebo (50.0% versus 65.4%, respectively). The treatment effects of @entity9886 were more robust when data were corrected for differences in @entity644 at baseline--a significant relative risk reduction of 45% with @entity9886 (P=0.0397) was apparent. Treatment benefit exceeded that attributable to blood pressure changes alone. Levels of @entity644 were reduced with @entity9886 compared with placebo, with an overall @entity9886 treatment effect of 37.8% (P<0.001). Overall, @entity9886 was similarly well tolerated in both the Japanese @entity1 and the total population. CONCLUSIONS: In Japanese @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 and @entity8 , @entity9886 offers renal protection and is generally well tolerated.

title: Renin angiotensin aldosterone system blockade and @entity8 in XXXX with @entity164 2 @entity6 : a subanalysis of Japanese @entity1 from the RENAAL study.

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['nephropathy', 'endstage renal disease']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity2178 :: ('183', 'Gene') :: ['Angiotensin II']

entities_list: @entity9886 :: ('MESH:D019808', 'Chemical') :: ['losartan', 'Losartan']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Sleep duration and quality are associated with adverse physical health outcomes. The mechanisms are not well understood, and little is known about associations with biomarkers in older population cohorts. This study assessed cross-sectional associations between self-reported sleep measures and biomarkers in a representative sample of British @entity1 aged 50 years and above. @entity1 were 6465 @entity1 and @entity1 aged 50-99 years from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA). Associations of sleep duration and @entity25 with @entity1851 ( @entity1851 ), @entity2002 , @entity9027 ( @entity2990 ) and hemoglobin were analyzed, adjusting for age, wealth, body mass index (BMI), smoking, physical activity, limiting long-standing illness and @entity308 . In @entity1 , long sleep duration (OR: 1.50, 1.05-2.14) and greater @entity25 (OR: 1.29, C.I. 1.05-1.59) were associated with raised @entity1851 levels, while long sleep was also related to raised plasma @entity2002 (P=0.001). @entity2990 levels were lower among @entity1 reporting more @entity25 (P=0.016), but were not related to sleep duration. Sleep duration (P=0.015) and @entity25 (P=0.039) were associated with lower hemoglobin levels, and @entity417 was more prevalent among @entity1 with disturbed sleep (OR: 1.73, C.I. 1.13-2.65). In @entity1 more disturbed sleep was associated with greater likelihood of @entity417 (OR: 1.59, C.I. 1.02-2.46), but there was no relationship between @entity25 or duration with other biomarkers. This study suggests that self-reported sleep duration and disturbance are related to biological risk factors in community-dwelling older adults, with different associations being present in @entity1 and @entity1 . A better understanding of these relationships using longitudinal cohort studies will broaden our understanding of the mechanisms relating @entity25 and ill health in advancing age.

title: Sleep and biomarkers in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing: associations with XXXX , @entity2002 , @entity9027 and hemoglobin.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'women', 'Participants', 'people']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive symptoms']

entities_list: @entity9027 :: ('MESH:D019314', 'Chemical') :: ['dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['sleep indices', 'sleep disturbances', 'sleep disturbance']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein', 'CRP']

answer: @entity1851 :: (1401,Gene) :: ['C-reactive protein']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the incidence of negative serum @entity3566 level after initial IM trigger injection and whether such cycles can be salvaged through repeat administration of IM @entity3566 . DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: Academic medical center. @entity1 (S): All @entity1 undergoing IVF at the Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, from January 1, 2005 to November 1,  2011. INTERVENTION(S): Repeat @entity3566 administration in cases of failed initial trigger. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Fertilization, implantation, clinical pregnancy, and live birth rates were analyzed in the index population compared with a control population matched for age, year of cycle start, diagnosis, stimulation protocol, number of prior IVF attempts, oocyte yield, and number of embryos transferred. RESULT(S): The incidence of failed initial IM @entity3566 injection was low, occurring in only 0.25% of the 17,298 fresh IVF cycles at our center during the study period. Of the 41 @entity1 undergoing retrieval who received a second IM injection of @entity3566 approximately 24 hours after the first, the live birth rate was 39.02%. Compared with matched controls, there were no statistical differences in oocyte maturity, fertilization, implantation, clinical pregnancy, or live birth rates. CONCLUSION(S): Although the incidence of failed @entity3566 injection is rare, this study reveals that cycles characterized by incorrect initial administration or failed absorption of @entity3566 can be salvaged by early detection and repeat injection. Assisted reproductive technology (ART) programs may benefit their @entity1 through the assessment of either urine pregnancy tests or measurement of quantitative serum b- @entity3566 levels before retrieval, thereby preventing @entity4776 .

title: Can in  vitro fertilization cycles be salvaged by repeat administration of  intramuscular XXXX chorionic gonadotropin the day after failed injection?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PATIENT', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4776 :: ('MESH:D004652', 'Disease') :: ['empty follicle syndrome']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: Several experiences induced us to consider @entity281 as an expression of a @entity465 . The aim of our study was to research the effect of immunotherapy on the lymphocyte subpopulations and Langerhans cells in @entity6068 . Twenty @entity1 with persistent @entity6068 , treated with 2,000,000 IU/die of beta-interferon for 15 days, were submitted to vulvar biopsy before and 2-5 months after medical treatment. The frozen sections obtained were assayed with the following monoclonal antibodies: OKT4 (T helper lymphocytes), OKT8 (T suppressor lymphocytes), OKB7 (B lymphocytes) and @entity4483 protein (Langerhans cells). Using a morphometric evaluation, the average number of both intraepithelial and stromal lymphocyte subsets and of the intraepithelial Langerhans cells was assessed. In all the biopsies preceding the medical treatment we found a low number of T helper lymphocytes both in the epithelium and stroma, with inversion of T4/T8 lymphocyte ratio and rare presence of Langerhans cells. In @entity1 with a good therapeutic response (50-100% of @entity6205 reduction) we observed an increase in intraepithelial T4 lymphocytes and a decrease in both intraepithelial and stromal T8 lymphocytes. In cases with persistent disease after therapy, the histological pattern was similar to that observed in the first biopsy, with the exception of a significant increase in the average number of Langerhans cells. Our data correlate the clinical response to the immunotherapy with the histology of lymphocyte subsets in the @entity6068 . The increase in Langerhans cells observed in @entity1 with negative response may be interpreted with a probable inability of these cells to promote the immune reaction.

title: Variations of lymphocyte sub-populations in XXXX during therapy with beta-interferon.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity6205 :: ('MESH:D062688', 'Disease') :: ['condyloma']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['genital HPV infection']

entities_list: @entity465 :: ('MESH:D007153', 'Disease') :: ['local immunodeficiency']

entities_list: @entity6068 :: ('MESH:D014845', 'Disease') :: ['vulvar condylomata', 'vulvar condyloma']

answer: @entity6068 :: (MESH:D014845,Disease) :: ['vulvar condylomata']


abstract: To predict the clinical usefulness of @entity43844 , a newly developed @entity632 analog, we compared its antitumor activity against 20 different @entity1 @entity5 cell lines with that of @entity632 using the @entity98 in vitro chemosensitivity test. We also measured and compared the cellular uptake of this drug and @entity632 in two @entity5 cell lines and their @entity632 -resistant sublines. In the MTT test, @entity43844 showed lower IC50 values than @entity632 for 14 of 20 cell lines. @entity43844 was more potent than @entity632 for hepatocellular @entity5 cells with high mdr 1 expression. Among @entity5 cells from the stomach and colon, @entity43844 was more potent than @entity632 in 12 of 14 cell lines. We also investigated the cross-resistance of this drug with @entity632 using four @entity632 -resistant @entity5 cell sublines. Except in one cell line, there was very low cross-resistance. Cellular drug-uptake experiments were performed for two @entity356 cell lines and their @entity632 -resistant sublines. In this experiment, @entity43844 was found to be very rapidly and completely converted to its active metabolite, M1, in the culture media. After this conversion, M1 was incorporated into these @entity5 cells more rapidly and reached higher intracellular concentrations than @entity632 , suggesting that @entity43844 (as M1) could achieve earlier and higher levels of intracellular accumulation than @entity632 in its target tissues from the bloodstream. As a possible alternative antineoplastic agent to @entity632 , @entity43844 awaits further evaluation for its antitumor activity and @entity137 .

title: Cellular uptake and antitumor activity of the new anthracycline analog @entity43844 in XXXX @entity5 cell lines.

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity16 ( @entity16 ) is generally thought of as a diagnosis of exclusion. However, increasing attention is being paid to the diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation of this pathology to prevent chronic supraspinatus and infraspinatus @entity194 in @entity1 . To date, literature has only articulated variable or customized treatment and rehabilitation plans without clear standardized care. This case study provides a detailed description of the diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of a collegiate baseball player's recovery from suprascapular nerve release. CASE PRESENTATION: A 20 year-old male baseball pitcher with right shoulder @entity158 reported for athletic training evaluation, was treated conservatively, and due to lack of resolution was referred for further imaging and evaluation by an orthopedist. Following inconclusive magnetic resonance imaging findings the @entity1 underwent electrodiagnostic testing which showed decreased nerve conduction velocity of the right suprascapular nerve. The @entity1 elected for surgical intervention. Post-operative rehabilitation followed and the @entity1 was able to pitch in 22 weeks. The @entity1 provided positive subjective feedback and was able to return to unrestricted pitching without @entity158 , loss of velocity, or loss in pitch control. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates a need for further investigation into the most appropriate treatment and rehabilitation of @entity128 .

title: XXXX in collegiate baseball player.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['Suprascapular neuropathy', 'SSN']

entities_list: @entity128 :: ('MESH:D020209', 'Disease') :: ['suprascapular nerve injury']

answer: @entity16 :: (MESH:D009422,Disease) :: ['Suprascapular neuropathy']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We examined the efficacy and durability of a new interwoven self-expanding @entity5648 stent system in the treatment of complex popliteal artery lesions in unselected @entity1 . BACKGROUND: The optimal endovascular treatment strategy for @entity731 popliteal @entity455 is not known. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the data gathered in 101 consecutive @entity1 presenting with @entity731 , who underwent implantation of 125 stents. The @entity1 were followed for 12 months by Doppler ultrasound examinations, stent roentgenograms, and estimation of Rutherford-Becker class (RBC) and ankle-brachial index (ABI). RESULTS: The mean age of the @entity1 was 73.1 years, and 52.5% were @entity1 . @entity432 were present in 48 @entity1 (47.5%). The mean stent length was 84.3    45.1 mm (range 40 to 240 mm). A <30% residual stenosis was achieved in 98.0% of procedures. The 6- and 12-month primary patency rates were 94.6    2.3% and 87.7    3.7%, respectively, and the secondary patency rates 97.9    1.5% and 96.5    2.0%, respectively. Between baseline and 12 months of follow-up, mean ABI increased from 0.58    0.15 to 0.97    0.18, and mean RBC decreased from 3.1    0.9 to 1.4    0.8 (p < 0.001 for both comparisons). Radiographs performed on 51 @entity1 , at a mean of 15.2 months, confirmed the absence of stent @entity174 in 100% of examinations. CONCLUSIONS: Over a 12-month observation period, the patency rate and durability of SUPERA stents implanted for severe popliteal @entity455 were high.

title: Treatment of @entity731 with a new self-expanding interwoven XXXX stent: 12-month results of the Leipzig SUPERA popliteal artery stent registry.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['artery disease']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['Total occlusions']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerotic', 'atherosclerotic, popliteal arterial disease']

answer: @entity5648 :: (MESH:C013616,Chemical) :: ['nitinol']


abstract: CONTEXT: The relationship between @entity146 symptoms and disability in refugee survivors of mass violence is not known. OBJECTIVE: To determine if risk factors, such as demographics, @entity130 , health status, and @entity146 , are associated with disability in Bosnian refugees. DESIGN, SETTING, AND @entity1 : Cross-sectional survey conducted in 1996 of Bosnian refugee adults living in a camp established by the Croatian government near the city of Varazdin. One adult aged 18 years or older was randomly selected from each of 573 camp families; 534 (93%) agreed to participate (mean age, 50 years; 41% male). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Culturally validated measures for @entity308 and @entity1005 ( @entity1005 ) included the Hopkins Symptom Checklist 25 and the @entity130 Questionnaire, respectively. Disability measures included the Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form 20, a physical functioning scale based on World Health Organization criteria, and self-reports of socioeconomic activity, levels of physical energy, and perceived health status. RESULTS: Respondents reported a mean (SD) of 6.5 (4.7) unduplicated @entity130 events; 18% (n=95) had experienced 1 or more torture events. While 55.2% reported no @entity146 symptoms, 39.2% and 26.3% reported symptoms that meet DSM-IV criteria for @entity308 and @entity1005 , respectively; 20.6% reported symptoms comorbid for both disorders. A total of 25.5% reported having a disability. Refugees who reported symptoms comorbid for both @entity308 and @entity1005 were associated with an increased risk for disability compared with asymptomatic refugees (unadjusted odds ratio [OR], 5.02; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.05-8.26; adjusted OR, 2.06; 95% CI, 1.10-3.86). Older age, cumulative @entity130 , and chronic medical illness were also associated with disability. CONCLUSIONS: In a population of Bosnian refugees who had recently fled from the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina, @entity146 comorbidity was associated with disability independent of the effects of age, @entity130 , and health status.

title: Disability associated with XXXX comorbidity and health status in Bosnian refugees living in Croatia.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric', 'psychiatric illness']

entities_list: @entity1005 :: ('MESH:D013313', 'Disease') :: ['posttraumatic stress disorder', 'PTSD']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['trauma', 'Harvard Trauma']

answer: @entity146 :: (MESH:D001523,Disease) :: ['psychiatric']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We previously have shown that extracellular preservation solutions provide superior pulmonary protection after 18 hours of @entity63 at 4 degrees C in an isolated, whole-blood-perfused, @entity95 lung model. We also reported that the addition of 20% whole blood to a low- @entity972 dextran solution (BLPD) conferred no discernible advantage over low- @entity972 dextran (LPD) alone in this same model. Our current study was aimed at documenting the importance of blood in buffering extracellular preservation solutions during 24 to 48 hours of hypothermic @entity63 . METHODS: We studied three groups of lungs using an isolated, whole-blood-perfused, ventilated, @entity95 lung model. Lungs were flushed with @entity7634 -Collins, LPD, or BLPD solution, and then were reperfused after 24, 36, or 48 hours of hypothermic storage at 4 degrees C. Continuous measurements of pulmonary artery pressure, pulmonary vascular resistance, left atrial pressure, tidal volume, and dynamic airway compliance were obtained. Fresh, non-recirculated venous blood was used to determine single-pass pulmonary venous-to-arterial O2 gradients. RESULTS: The 24-hour @entity7634 -Collins group could not be completed because of immediate reperfusion failure. The 36-hour LPD group oxygenated significantly better than the 36-hour BLPD group (363.3 +/- 65.1 versus 145.3 +/- 40.3 mm Hg, respectively; p = 0.015). The 48-hour LPD group also experienced significant improvements in oxygenation when compared with the 48-hour BLPD group (pulmonary venous-arterial O2 difference of 239.4 +/- 48.4 versus 70.7 +/- 19.5 mm Hg, respectively; p = 0.012). The 48-hour LPD group also displayed significant improvements in pulmonary artery pressure (34.72 +/- 0.96 versus 55.52 +/- 7.37 mm Hg, respectively; p = 0.031) and pulmonary vascular resistance (39,737 +/- 1,291 versus 67,594 +/- 9,467 dynes.s.cm-5, respectively; p = 0.027) when compared with the 48-hour BLPD group. There were no significant differences between the three LPD groups. CONCLUSIONS: Extracellular solutions provide improved pulmonary preservation in an isolated @entity95 lung model after 48 hours of @entity63 . The addition of blood to extracellular preservation solutions diminishes pulmonary function when combined with ischemic periods of 36 to 48 hours.

title: Acellular low- XXXX dextran preserves pulmonary function after 48 hours of @entity63 .

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['cold ischemia', 'ischemia']

answer: @entity972 :: (MESH:D011188,Chemical) :: ['potassium']


abstract: PURPOSE: Ipsilateral central compartment node dissection has been proposed to reduce the morbidity of prophylactic bilateral central compartment node dissection in @entity3557 ( @entity3557 ), but it carries the risk of contralateral @entity3 being overlooked in approximately 25 % of @entity1 . We aimed to verify if frozen section examination (FSE) can identify @entity1 who could benefit from bilateral central compartment node dissection. METHODS: All the consenting @entity1 with clinically unifocal @entity3557 , without any preoperative evidence of lymph node involvement, observed between September 2010 and September 2011 underwent total thyroidectomy plus bilateral central compartment node dissection. Ipsilateral central compartment nodes were sent for FSE. RESULTS: Forty-eight @entity1 were included. Mean number of removed nodes was 13.2    6.8. Final histology showed lymph node @entity3 in 21 @entity1 : ipsilateral in 15, bilateral in 6. FSE accurately predicted lymph node status in 43 @entity1 (27 node negative, 16 node positive). Five node @entity3 were not detected at FSE: three were micrometastases ( <= 2 mm). Sensitivity, specificity and overall accuracy of @entity2585 status status were 80.7, 100, and 90 %, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: FSE is accurate in predicting node @entity3 in clinically unifocal node negative @entity3557 and can be useful in determining the extension of central compartment node dissection. False-negative results are reported mainly in case of micrometastases, which usually have limited clinical implications.

title: Can intraoperative frozen section influence the extension of central neck dissection in cN0 XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity3557 :: ('MESH:C536915', 'Disease') :: ['papillary thyroid carcinoma', 'PTC']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity2585 :: ('MESH:D002062', 'Disease') :: ['FSE in definition of N']

answer: @entity3557 :: (MESH:C536915,Disease) :: ['papillary thyroid carcinoma']


abstract: In two separate studies, the @entity165 -lowering efficacy of a diet high in @entity6221 ( @entity8981 ) was evaluated by means of a randomized crossover trial. In both studies subjects were randomized to receive either a high- @entity8981 diet or the control diet first, which they followed for a period of 8 weeks; following a washout period of 4-6 weeks they were transferred onto the opposing diet for a further period of 8 weeks. In one study subjects were healthy middle-aged @entity1 (n 30), and in the other they were young @entity1 (n 23) with a family history of CHD recruited from two centres (Guildford and Dublin). The two studies were conducted over the same time period using identical foods and study designs. Subjects consumed 38% energy as fat, with 18% energy as @entity8981 and 10% as @entity1718 ( @entity8981 diet), or 13% energy as @entity8981 and 16% as @entity1718 (control diet). The @entity5204 content of each diet was 7%. The diets were achieved by providing subjects with manufactured foods such as spreads, 'ready meals', biscuits, puddings and breads, which, apart from their @entity844 compositions, were identical for both diets. Subjects were blind to which of the diets they were following on both arms of the study. Weight changes on the diets were less than 1 kg. In the groups combined (n 53) mean total and LDL- @entity165 levels were significantly lower at the end of the @entity8981 diet than the control diet by 0.29 (SD 0.61) mmol/l (P < 0.001) and 0.38 (SD 0.64) mmol/l (P < 0.0001) respectively. In middle-aged @entity1 these differences were due to a mean reduction in LDL- @entity165 of -11 (SD 12)% on the @entity8981 diet with no change on the control diet (-1.1 (SD 10)%). In young @entity1 the differences were due to an increase in LDL- @entity165 concentration on the control diet of +6.2 (SD 13)% and a decrease on the @entity8981 diet of -7.8 (SD 20)%. Differences in the responses of middle-aged and young @entity1 to the two diets did not appear to be due to differences in their habitual baseline diets which were generally similar, but appeared to reflect the lower baseline @entity165 concentrations in the younger @entity1 . There was a moderately strong and statistically significant inverse correlation between the change in LDL- @entity165 concentration on each diet and the baseline fasting LDL- @entity165 concentration (r -0.49; P < 0.0005). In conclusion, diets in which saturated fat is partially replaced by @entity8981 can achieve significant reductions in total and LDL- @entity165 concentrations, even when total fat and energy intakes are maintained. The dietary approach used to alter @entity844 intakes would be appropriate for achieving reductions in saturated fat intakes in whole populations.

title: XXXX reduction using manufactured foods high in @entity6221 : a randomized crossover study.

entities_list: @entity5204 :: ('CHEBI:26208', 'Chemical') :: ['polyunsaturated fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity844 :: ('CHEBI:35366', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity6221 :: ('MESH:D005229', 'Chemical') :: ['monounsaturated fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['saturated fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity165 :: (MESH:D002784,Chemical) :: ['Cholesterol']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Lymph node dissection in @entity1 with @entity356 is controversial because lymph node @entity3 are much less common than in advanced @entity5 . Therefore, routine extensive lymph node dissection with wide resection of the stomach may be excessive, and an appropriate lymph node dissection procedure in @entity1 with @entity356 should be established. METHODS: Retrospectively, 588 consecutive @entity1 with @entity356 were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis to predict lymph node @entity3 with clinicopathologic variables. The sites and rates of lymph node @entity3 for each @entity5 location were mapped. RESULTS: In @entity356 , depth of invasion was an independent predictive factor of lymph node @entity3 . In @entity5 confined to the mucosa, however, @entity5 diameter was the only predictive factor. In contrast, @entity5 diameter, macroscopic appearance, and histologic type were not predictive factors in early @entity356 invading the submucosa. In @entity1697 , @entity3 to lymph nodes was confined to the paragastric lymph nodes on the same side of the stomach as the @entity5 . In @entity5 , the incidence of lymph node @entity3 was 2% to 17% in group 1 and 1% to 3% in group 2 lymph nodes. CONCLUSIONS: In @entity1697 , lymph node dissection is unnecessary for @entity5 measuring less than 30 mm, and limited lymph node dissection with local gastrectomy is appropriate when @entity5 diameters are 30 mm or greater. In @entity5 , gastrectomy with dissection of group 1 and some group 2 lymph nodes should be sufficient to remove all nodal @entity3 .

title: Appropriate lymph node dissection for XXXX based on lymph node @entity3 .

entities_list: @entity1697 :: ('MESH:D009062', 'Disease') :: ['mucosal cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'submucosal cancer', 'cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'metastases']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['early gastric cancer', 'gastric cancers']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['early gastric cancer']


abstract: The present study was designed to examine the regulation of crystallin genes and protein in the @entity19 retina using the BXD recombinant inbred (RI) strains. Illumina Sentrix BeadChip Arrays (MouseWG-6v2) were used to analyze mRNA levels in 75 BXD RI strains along with the parental strains (C57Bl/6J and @entity7840 /2J), and the reciprocal crosses in the Hamilton Eye Institute (HEI) Retina Dataset (www.genenetwork.org). Protein levels were investigated using immunoblots to quantify levels of proteins and indirect immunohistochemistry to define the distribution of protein. Algorithms in the Genomatix program were used to identify transcription factor binding sites common to the regulatory sequences in the 5' regions of co-regulated set of crystallin and other genes as compared to a set of control genes. As subset of genes, including many encoding lens crystallins is part of a tightly co-regulated network that is active in the retina. Expression of this crystallin network appears to be binary in nature, being expressed either at relatively low levels or being highly upregulated. Relative to a control set of genes, the 5' regulatory sequences of the crystallin network genes show an increased frequency of a set of common transcription factor-binding sites, the most common being those of the Maf family. Chromatin immunoprecipitation of @entity1 lens epithelial cells (HLEC) and @entity35 retinal ganglion cells (RGC) confirmed the functionality of these sites, showing that @entity42499 binds the predicted sites of @entity42500 and @entity42501 in HLE and @entity42502 , @entity42500 , @entity42503 , and @entity42504 in RGC cells. In the retina there is a highly correlated group of genes containing many members of the a- b- and y-crystallin families. These genes can be dramatically upregulated in the retina. One transcription factor that appears to be involved in this coordinated expression is the MAF family transcription of factors associated with both lens and extralenticular expression of crystallin genes.

title: A crystallin gene network in the XXXX retina.

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: Orthognathic surgery is the surgical procedure that makes correcting deformities of the bones in the region of the maxilla and mandible a reality in the Brazilian dentistry. However, this type of surgery usually involves @entity809 in the postoperative period, concerning the surgeons who perform them and generating discomfort to @entity1 . This study aimed at evaluating the effect of infrared laser (830 nm) in the prevention and treatment of @entity809 after orthognathic surgery. Six @entity1 underwent orthognathic surgery: the experimental group composed of 4 @entity1 and the control group that did not receive laser therapy composed of 2 @entity1 . The experimental group received laser applications during the transoperative and 12 postoperative sessions. Tests for mechanical (deep and shallow) and thermal (cold) sensitivity were performed in the preoperative and postoperative period (during 12 sessions) in the lip and chin areas by the same operator. The @entity809 was classified into 1, strong; 2, moderate; 3, mild; and 4, absent, through the @entity1 's response to stimuli. The results showed that all @entity1 had no disturbance of sensitivity in the preoperative period, but @entity809 was presented at various levels in the postoperative period. Both groups showed recovery of deep mechanical sensitivity within a shorter time interval compared with the superficial mechanical and thermal sensitivity. However, at the 12th assessment, @entity1 who underwent the laser therapy showed better reduction in the level of @entity809 or even complete regression of this. The laser, therefore, brought benefits to the treatment of @entity809 , accelerating the return of neurosensorial sensitivity.

title: Effect of infrared laser in the prevention and treatment of XXXX in orthognathic surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity809 :: ('MESH:D010292', 'Disease') :: ['paresthesias', 'paresthesia']

answer: @entity809 :: (MESH:D010292,Disease) :: ['paresthesia']


abstract: To evaluate the @entity26 transporting capability of Hemoglobin vesicles ( @entity97 ) the physiological responses to 40% and 90% exchange transfusions with @entity97 in anesthetized @entity35 were observed. Hb concentration of @entity97 dispersions is 10 g/dL. @entity97 dispersed in @entity1391 buffered saline and @entity97 dispersed in 5% albumin solution were used as samples for 40% and 90% exchange transfusions, respectively. @entity97 surface-modified with @entity968 ( @entity97 -Poe) was also used in the 90% exchange transfusion. As controls, @entity1391 buffered saline, 5% albumin solution, and @entity97 containing methemoglobin and therefore deprived of @entity26 transporting capabilities (metHbV) were administered as non- @entity26 carrying fluids and washed @entity35 red blood cells (ratRBC) as an @entity26 carrying fluid. Measurements included mean arterial pressure, arterial blood gas analyses, aortic blood flow and renal cortical tissue @entity26 tension. At the completion of the exchange transfusion renal cortical tissue @entity26 tensions along with @entity26 delivery and consumption were sustained almost equally well with the @entity97 dispersion compared to the washed @entity35 red blood cell dispersion, but declined significantly in the @entity1391 buffered saline and albumin solutions. These results indicated that the @entity26 transporting capability of @entity97 was almost equivalent to that of @entity35 red blood cells. In the @entity97 -Poe group, aortic blood flow was sustained higher in comparison to the @entity97 group. As for the blood gas parameters, pH and venous @entity26 tensions in the @entity97 -Poe group tended to be higher than those in the @entity97 group.

title: The @entity26 carrying capability of hemoglobin vesicles evaluated in XXXX exchange transfusion models.

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity1391 :: ('CHEBI:26020', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphate']

entities_list: @entity968 :: ('MESH:D011092', 'Chemical') :: ['polyoxyethylene']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: AIMS: @entity2023 is a very frequent inflammatory disease of nasal mucosa that warranties its symptomatic treatment. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the therapeutic effect of the @entity40082 in the treatment of @entity1 with @entity2023 and @entity2024 symptoms, the grade of the physician and @entity1 satisfaction, as well as the quality of life and the side effects of the treatment. @entity1 AND METHOD: Clinical multicentric, open, longitudinal study made in the Mexican Republic with @entity1 from 3 to 18 years of age and 113 doctors. All the @entity1 were carried out a clinical evaluation, registration of the intensity of the symptoms and signs and the affectation in their daily activities. The diagnosis of @entity2023 and @entity2024 settled down with base on the data of the clinical history and the exploration. All the @entity1 were prescribed @entity40082 . To those of 3 to 5 years of age: 7.5 mL a day, to those of 6 to 12 years: 10 mL, and to those of 12 to 18 years a pill of 10 mg a day. RESULTS: 374 @entity1 were studied: 44.5% of the female sex. The age limits with more number of @entity1 were from 3.5 to 11 years. The percentage of @entity1 in a moderate or severe state at the beginning of the study was of 74%. To the first revision they went down to 22%. In second 16%, at third the moderate form represented 8% and the severe form disappeared. The doctor qualified the results of excellent to very good in 88% of the cases and the @entity1 or his relatives in 85%.

title: [Symptomatic treatment of @entity2023 with XXXX (Primalan)].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity40082 :: ('MESH:C006069', 'Chemical') :: ['mequitazine']

entities_list: @entity2023 :: ('MESH:D006255', 'Disease') :: ['Allergic rhinitis', 'allergic rhinitis']

entities_list: @entity2024 :: ('MESH:D003231', 'Disease') :: ['conjunctivitis']

answer: @entity40082 :: (MESH:C006069,Chemical) :: ['mequitazine']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity63 and reperfusion injury (I/R) of neuronal structures and organs is associated with increased morbidity and mortality due to neuronal cell death. We hypothesized that inhalation of @entity1223 (CO) after I/R injury ('postconditioning') would protect retinal ganglion cells (RGC). METHODS: Retinal I/R injury was performed in @entity35 (n = 8) by increasing ocular pressure (120 mmHg, 1 @entity5698 inhaled room air or CO (250 ppm) for 1 h immediately following @entity63 or with 1.5 and 3 h latency. Retinal tissue was harvested to analyze @entity1976 , @entity2310 , @entity4124 , @entity22456 expression and phosphorylation of the nuclear transcription factor (NF)-kB, @entity12220 and @entity2508 MAPK. @entity4026 activation was determined and inhibition of @entity2508 was performed using @entity4286 (2 mg/kg). Densities of fluorogold prelabeled RGC were analyzed 7 days after injury. Microglia, macrophage and M  ller cell activation and proliferation were evaluated by @entity16339 , @entity40 and Ki-67 staining. RESULTS: Inhalation of CO after I/R inhibited @entity2310 and @entity4124 expression ( @entity2310 : 1.9    0.3 vs. 1.4    0.2, p = 0.028; @entity4124 : 2.0    0.2 vs. 1.5    0.1, p = 0.007; mean    S.D., fold induction at 12 h), while expression of @entity1976 was induced (1.2    0.2 vs. 1.6    0.2, p = 0.001; mean    S.D., fold induction at 12 h). CO postconditioning suppressed retinal @entity12220 phosphorylation (p = 0.023 at 24 h) and induced the phosphorylation of @entity2508 (p<0.001 at 24 h). CO postconditioning inhibited the expression of @entity22456 . The activation of @entity4026 , microglia and M  ller cells was potently inhibited by CO as well as immigration of proliferative microglia and macrophages into the retina. CO protected I/R-injured RGC with a therapeutic window at least up to 3 h (n = 8; RGC/mm(2); mean    S.D.: 1255    327 I/R only vs. 1956    157 immediate CO treatment, vs. 1830    109 1.5 h time lag and vs. 1626    122 3 h time lag; p<0.001). Inhibition of @entity2508 did not counteract the CO effects (RGC/mm(2): 1956    157 vs. 1931    124, mean    S.D., p = 0.799). CONCLUSION: Inhaled CO, administered after retinal @entity63 , protects RGC through its strong anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory effects.

title: Postconditioning with inhaled XXXX counteracts apoptosis and neuroinflammation in the @entity63 @entity35 retina.

entities_list: @entity1223 :: ('MESH:D002248', 'Chemical') :: ['carbon monoxide']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['Ischemia', 'ischemic injury', 'ischemia']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague-Dawley rats']

answer: @entity1223 :: (MESH:D002248,Chemical) :: ['carbon monoxide']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1082 has been implicated in virtually all @entity5 and is believed to be the primary etiological factor that transforms cervical epithelia. The presence of @entity5 suggests that HPV may play a similar role in transforming the oral epithelia. The prevalence of @entity5 is highly variable, however, presenting problematic issues regarding the etiology of @entity5 , which must be investigated more thoroughly. Past analyses of HPV in @entity5 of the oral cavity have largely been confined to retrospective studies of @entity5 @entity1 . The purpose of this study was to examine the potential for @entity1799 infection to alter the proliferative phenotype of @entity957 in vitro. RESULTS: This study found that the @entity957 cell line, CAL27, transfected with @entity1799 , exhibited significantly increased proliferation, compared with non-transfected CAL27. The increased proliferation was observed under low density conditions, even in the absence of serum. Moreover, these effects were specific to proliferation, adhesion, and morphology, while cell viability was not affected. CONCLUSION: This study represents one of the first investigations of the effects of @entity1799 infection on the proliferation, adhesion, and morphology of an @entity957 cell line in vitro. The finding that @entity1799 has the ability to measurably alter adhesion and proliferative potential is significant, indicating that HPV may have multiple influences on precancerous and @entity5 and should be explored as a risk factor and mediator of @entity5 phenotypes. These measurements and observations will be of benefit to researchers interested in elucidating the mechanisms of @entity5 transformation and the factors governing @entity105 and progression.

title: Transfection of XXXX with @entity1799 induces proliferative and morphological changes in vitro.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancerous lesions', 'oral cancers', 'HPV in oral cancers', 'cancers', 'cancer', 'oral cancer', 'cervical cancers']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['oral squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1082 :: ('10566', 'Species') :: ['Human papillomavirus']

entities_list: @entity105 :: ('MESH:D063646', 'Disease') :: ['carcinogenesis']

answer: @entity957 :: (MESH:D002294,Disease) :: ['oral squamous cell carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We present a retrospective review of all biopsy-positive cases of @entity226 ( @entity226 ) presenting to a neuro-ophthalmology practice in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan. METHODS: Records of 141 consecutive @entity1 who underwent temporal artery biopsy at the Saskatoon Eye Centre from July 1998 through June 2003 were reviewed. @entity1 that were biopsy-positive for @entity226 were studied and an estimated regional incidence was calculated. Study variables included age at diagnosis, sex, ethnicity, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and @entity1851 ( @entity1851 ) level. RESULTS: Of 141 @entity1 , 37 (26%) had a positive biopsy result for @entity226 ; 11 underwent a second biopsy for a total of 152 biopsies. The average age of the biopsy-positive @entity1 was 76.5 (SD 8.2) years, and the female-to-male ratio was 2.4:l. There were 35 @entity1 (95%) of European descent and 2 @entity1 (5%) of Aboriginal descent. Twenty-three @entity1 had both ESR and @entity1851 testing done before starting @entity230 . The ESR was elevated in 19 (83%) and the @entity1851 in 22 (96%). The estimated incidence of @entity226 for Saskatoon and area was 9.4 per 100,000 for @entity1 over the age of 50 years. INTERPRETATION: @entity226 occurs primarily in @entity1 of European descent; however, it can affect North American @entity1 of Aboriginal descent. Sensitivity for the detection of @entity226 is higher in @entity1851 than in ESR. The estimated incidence of @entity226 in Saskatoon and surrounding referral area is moderate compared with other northern areas.

title: XXXX in a neuro-ophthalmology clinic in Saskatoon, 1998-2003.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity226 :: ('MESH:D013700', 'Disease') :: ['giant cell arteritis', 'GCA']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein', 'CRP']

answer: @entity226 :: (MESH:D013700,Disease) :: ['Giant cell arteritis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recessive @entity35392 mutations were identified as a cause of severe @entity5925 in pediatric @entity1 . The @entity1 lipin family includes two other closely related members, @entity38555 , which share strong homology and similar activity. The study aimed to determine the involvement of the LPIN family genes in a cohort of pediatric and adult @entity1 (n = 171) presenting with @entity121 , ranging from severe (CK >10 000 UI/L) or moderate (CK <10 000 UI/L) @entity5925 (n = 141) to exercise-induced @entity925 (n = 30), and to report the clinical findings in @entity1 harboring mutations. METHODS: Coding regions of @entity35392 , @entity35393 and @entity35394 genes were sequenced using genomic or complementary DNAs. RESULTS: Eighteen @entity1 harbored two @entity35392 mutations, including a frequent intragenic deletion. All presented with severe episodes of @entity5925 , starting before age 6 years except two (8 and 42 years). Few @entity1 also suffered from permanent @entity121 , including the eldest ones (>=  40 years). Around 3/4 of muscle biopsies showed accumulation of lipid droplets. At least 40% of heterozygous relatives presented @entity925 . Nine heterozygous SNPs in LPIN family genes were identified in milder phenotypes (mild @entity5925 or @entity925 ). These variants were non-functional in @entity375 complementation assay based on respiratory activity, except the @entity35394 - @entity38556 variant. CONCLUSION: @entity35392 -related myolysis constitutes a major cause of early-onset @entity5925 and occasionally in adults. Heterozygous @entity35392 mutations may cause mild @entity121 . No major defects of @entity35393 or @entity35394 genes were associated with muscular manifestations.

title: Study of @entity35392 , XXXX and @entity35394 in @entity5925 and exercise-induced @entity925 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity38556 :: ('p|SUB|P|24|L', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['P24L']

entities_list: @entity5925 :: ('MESH:D012206', 'Disease') :: ['rhabdomyolysis']

entities_list: @entity925 :: ('MESH:D063806', 'Disease') :: ['myalgia', 'muscular myalgia']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['muscle symptoms', 'muscular symptoms']

answer: @entity35393 :: (9663,Gene) :: ['LPIN2']


abstract: Blood pressure (BP) is hardly controlled in @entity740 ( @entity740 ). We compared the effect of very low protein diet (VLPD) supplemented with ketoanalogs of essential @entity1522 (0.35 g/kg/day), low protein diet (LPD, 0.60 g/kg/day), and @entity5815 ( @entity5815 ) on BP in @entity1 with @entity740 stages 4 and 5. Vegetable proteins were higher in VLPD (66%) than in LPD (48%). LPD was prescribed to 110 consecutive @entity1 ; after run-in, they were invited to start VLPD. Thirty subjects accepted; 57 decided to continue LPD; 23 refused either diet ( @entity5815 group). At baseline, protein intake (g/kg/day) was 0.79+/-0.09 in VLPD, 0.78+/-0.11 in LPD, and 1.11+/-0.18 in @entity5815 (P<0.0001). After 6 months, protein intake was lower in VLPD than LPD and @entity5815 (0.54+/-0.11, 0.78+/-0.10, and 1.04+/-0.21 g/kg/day, respectively; P<0.0001). BP diminished only in VLPD, from 143+/-19/84+/-10 to 128+/-16/78+/-7 mm Hg (P<0.0001), despite reduction of antihypertensive drugs (from 2.6+/-1.1 to 1.8+/-1.2; P<0.001). Urinary @entity1133 excretion directly correlated with urinary @entity1372 excretion, which diminished in VLPD (from 181+/-32 to 131+/-36 mEq/day; P<0.001). At multiple regression analysis (R2=0.270, P<0.0001), BP results independently related to urinary @entity1372 excretion (P=0.023) and VLPD prescription (P=0.003), but not to the level of protein intake. Thus, in moderate to advanced @entity740 , VLPD has an antihypertensive effect likely due to reduction of salt intake, type of proteins, and ketoanalogs supplementation, independent of actual protein intake.

title: Very low protein diet supplemented with ketoanalogs improves blood pressure control in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['CKD', 'chronic kidney disease']

answer: @entity740 :: (MESH:D051436,Disease) :: ['chronic kidney disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This retrospective cohort study was designed to assess the impact of intrathecal @entity1286 compared with no intrathecal @entity1286 on @entity190 and on hemodynamic stability during surgery for pediatric @entity2112 correction. METHODS: A retrospective review was done of 256 anesthetic charts who underwent @entity1635 surgery between January 1993 and February 2012 by the same orthopedic surgeon. 128 @entity1 were operated on before 2003 without intrathecal @entity1286 (NITM group) and 128 were treated later on with intrathecal @entity1286 (ITM group).Primary endpoints were a 20% decrease in @entity190 in the ITM group and hemodynamic stability. RESULTS: Both groups were similar for age, @entity1 / @entity1 ratio, weight and duration of surgery. @entity190 was significantly greater in the NITM group: 1793.1      964.3  ml vs 655.8      323.0  ml (P  <  0.0001). Overall mean decrease in @entity190 was 63.4% between the NITM group and the ITM group. A significantly (P  <  0.0001) greater number of @entity1 from the NITM group (122) received blood transfusions as compared to the ITM group (30). The volume of blood transfused per @entity1 was significantly greater in the NITM group (701.4      492.5  ml) than in the ITM group (293.7      170.9  ml) (P  <  0.0001). Heart rate was stable intra-operatively in both groups. Variation in blood pressure >20% of baseline occurred more frequently in the NITM group (28.1%) than in the ITM group (14.8%) (P  =  0.01). CONCLUSIONS: These data demonstrate that intrathecal @entity1286 in pediatric surgical @entity1635 correction significantly decreases intra-operative @entity190 and transfusions and enhances blood pressure stability.

title: Intrathecal XXXX reduces @entity190 during @entity2112 surgery: retrospective study of 256 pediatric cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['girl', 'patients', 'patient', 'boy']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss', 'Blood loss']

entities_list: @entity1635 :: ('MESH:D012600', 'Disease') :: ['scoliosis']

entities_list: @entity2112 :: ('MESH:C564593', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic scoliosis']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine']

answer: @entity1286 :: (MESH:D009020,Chemical) :: ['morphine']


abstract: AIM: To investigate the role of transforming growth factor (TGF)-b-inducible early gene 1 ( @entity41372 ) in @entity2533 -induced growth @entity157 ( @entity157 ) cells. METHODS: @entity1 hepatocyte and @entity157 cell lines with varied susceptibilities to @entity2533 were tested by @entity98 ( @entity98 ) assay. The expression changes of @entity2536 , @entity7379 , @entity1594 , @entity8110 , @entity41372 and @entity41373 gene following treatment with @entity2533 in a @entity2533 -sensitive hepatocyte cell line ( @entity9846 ), a @entity2533 -sensitive @entity157 cell line (Hep3B) and two @entity2533 -insensitive @entity157 cell lines (HepG2 and Bel7404) were examined. SiRNA targeting @entity41372 was transfected into Hep3B cells and the sensitivity of cells to @entity2533 was examined. Overexpression of @entity41372 was induced by lentiviral-mediated transduction in @entity2533 -resistant @entity157 cell lines (Bel7404 and HepG2). @entity98 assay and @entity14939 staining were used to identify cell viability and apoptosis, respectively. The expression level of stathmin was measured by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and Western-blotting analysis, and stathmin promoter activity by @entity41372 was monitored by a luciferase reporter gene system. RESULTS: @entity41372 was significantly upregulated by @entity2533 in the @entity2533 -sensitive @entity157 cell line, Hep3B, but not in the resistant cell lines. The suppression of @entity41372 by siRNAs decreased the sensitivity of Hep3B cells to @entity2533 , whereas the overexpression of @entity41372 mediated growth inhibition and apoptosis in @entity2533 -resistant @entity157 cell lines, which resembled those of @entity2533 -sensitive @entity157 cells treated with @entity2533 . Our data further suggested that stathmin was a direct target of @entity41372 , as stathmin was significantly downregulated by @entity41372 overexpression, and stathmin promoter activity was inhibited by @entity41372 in a dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that transactivation of @entity41372 conferred growth inhibition of @entity2533 -susceptible @entity1 @entity157 cells.

title: Transactivation of the @entity41372 confers growth inhibition of transforming growth factor-b-susceptible XXXX cells.

entities_list: @entity98 :: ('CHEBI:53233', 'Chemical') :: ['MTT', 'methylthiazoletetrazolium']

entities_list: @entity14939 :: ('MESH:C007293', 'Chemical') :: ["4',6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole"]

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'hepatoma', 'inhibition in hepatocellular carcinoma']

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']


abstract: Docking the tails of dairy @entity291 causes mild to moderate behavior changes and physiological indicators of @entity12761 , but no studies have investigated the possibility that tail docking may lead to @entity1118 . In @entity1 amputees, an incidence of increased limb surface temperature is associated with phantom @entity158 , a central nervous system representation that survives peripheral loss. The objectives of this study were to assess indicators of sensitivity or @entity1118 in heifers by using behavioral indicators and thermography. We tested 14 Holstein heifers, 7 docked and 7 intact, from a previous neonatal tail-docking experiment. All 14 animals were videotaped during a test sequence of alternating cold (-9 degrees C), hot (54 degrees C), and neutral packs applied to the underside of the tail. Packs were placed approximately 30.5 cm from the tail head on all animals. A thermal image of the tail was taken using infrared imagery prior to and after temperature sensitivity testing. Docked heifers tended to have greater changes in surface temperatures following the test sequence than did nondocked heifers. In docked heifers, temperatures on the underside of the tail were higher than those at the tip of the tail, both prior to and following the test sequence. Docked heifers also showed substantially higher stomping activity following application of the cold pack. Shifting increased in intact heifers after application of the hot pack, but shifting of the docked heifers did not change. Greater changes were observed in the tail surface temperatures of the docked heifers following temperature manipulation, similar to @entity1 amputees who are experiencing phantom @entity158 , indicating that similar mechanisms are present in the stump of the docked tail. The behaviors of docked heifers indicated changes in their sensitivity to heat and cold.

title: Short communication: behavioral and physiological indicators of sensitivity or XXXX following tail docking.

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['limb pain']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain']

answer: @entity1118 :: (MESH:D059350,Disease) :: ['chronic pain']


abstract: The Cooperative German Paediatric @entity96 Study HB89 was conceived to evaluate the efficiency and @entity137 of @entity1260 , @entity900 and @entity632 ( @entity9348 ) in @entity1 with resectable and @entity4177 (HB) and to determine late sequelae including tubular @entity8 of @entity5 treatment. The study also assessed the results of a surgical strategy, which adapts the procedure at the initial operation to the @entity5 's extension in the liver. The relationship of the @entity5 ' histological differentiation to response to chemotherapy was also examined. @entity1 with a HB restricted to one liver lobe underwent primary resection. @entity5 were initially treated with @entity9348 chemotherapy and resected at second-look surgery. All @entity1 received @entity9348 adjuvantly after @entity5 resection. The @entity9348 regimen consisted of @entity1260 3.5 g/m2 (over 72 h days 1-3), @entity900 100 mg/m2 (over 5 days 4-8) and @entity632 60 mg/m2 (over 48 h, days 9-10). Median follow-up of survivors was 64 months (range 28-82). Long-term disease-free survival (DFS) was for stage I: 21/21; stage II: 3/6; stage III: 28/38; and stage IV: 2/7 (overall 75%). Severe surgical complications occurred in 15% (4/27) of primary and 21% (8/38) of secondary resections with no lethality. 44/45 stage III/IV HB displayed PR after two @entity9348 courses. Drug resistance developed in 8/12 @entity5 after four or five chemotherapy courses. Acute @entity137 was observed in 34/242 (14%) @entity9348 courses. Late sequelae were found in 7/54 (13%) of survivors, and @entity8 occurred in 7/41 investigated @entity1 (17%). Despite a more favourable prognosis in pure fetal and predominantly fetal histology, statistical analysis revealed no relationship between @entity5 differentiation and response to chemotherapy. In conclusion, @entity9348 chemotherapy in combination with delayed surgery was highly effective in the treatment of HB.

title: Efficiency and XXXX of @entity1260 , @entity900 and @entity632 in the treatment of @entity4177 . Study Committee of the Cooperative Paediatric @entity96 Study HB89 of the German Society for Paediatric Oncology and Haematology.

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['nephropathy', 'subclinical renal tubulopathy']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['Liver Tumour']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Larger tumours', 'tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity1260 :: ('MESH:D007069', 'Chemical') :: ['ifosfamide']

entities_list: @entity4177 :: ('MESH:D018197', 'Disease') :: ['non-resectable hepatoblastoma']

answer: @entity137 :: (MESH:D064420,Disease) :: ['toxicity']


abstract: In this study we determined the prevalence and clinical associations of immune-complexes-containing @entity9500 ( @entity9500 ) in randomly selected @entity1252 @entity1 . We studied 38 consecutive @entity1252 @entity1 attending the Rheumatology Unit. Previous arterial or @entity49 were documented by the appropriate diagnostic test. Lipid profile including total @entity165 , LDL, VLDL, HDL and Lp(a) levels were determined from the sera of the fasting patients. Antibodies to @entity6894 , oxidized LDL and @entity9500 were detected employing ELISA. @entity9500 containing IgG immune-complexes were assayed by using a dot-blot assay. Fourteen @entity1252 @entity1 (36.8%) were found to be positive for the presence of IgG anti- @entity9500 antibodies. Ten of the @entity1252 @entity1 (26.3%) were found to have high levels of @entity9500 containing immune-complexes. There was a positive correlation between @entity9500 -IC levels and the occurrence of @entity882 in the @entity1 (P < 0.05). Furthermore, @entity1 with @entity1252 and @entity49 had higher levels of @entity9500 -IC when compared with @entity715 -free @entity1 or with healthy controls (P < 0.05). @entity1 with higher Lp(a) levels (> 50 mg/dl) possessed higher levels of @entity9500 -IC as compared with @entity1 with lower Lp(a) concentration (< 20 mg/dl) (P < 0.05). These results suggest that IC-containing @entity9500 can help in defining a subpopulation of @entity1252 @entity1 with increased risk of @entity882 and further aid in resolving mechanisms of immune-mediated tissue damage.

title: Beta2 glycoprotein I containing immune-complexes in XXXX @entity1 : association with @entity882 and lipoprotein (a) levels.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity9500 :: ('350', 'Gene') :: ['Beta2GPI', 'beta-2-glycoprotein I', 'beta2GPI']

entities_list: @entity49 :: ('MESH:D019851', 'Disease') :: ['venous thrombosis', 'venous-thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

entities_list: @entity6894 :: ('MESH:D002308', 'Chemical') :: ['cardiolipin']

answer: @entity1252 :: (MESH:D008180,Disease) :: ['lupus']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Closure of a large myelomeningocele requires stable durable coverage of the dural reconstruction. METHODS: Twenty-seven cases of @entity9960 have been treated in the department of pediatric neurosurgery at the Timone @entity1 's Hospital in the last 17 years. Six @entity1 have undergone plastic and reconstructive surgery. Among these six @entity1 , four were received several months after birth with a large myelomeningocele and underwent cutaneous expansion prior to closure. One @entity1 received lateral discharge incisions during the neonatal period. The sixth @entity1 , received at 15 years of age for persistent @entity2841 leak despite numerous attempts to close the dura, was treated by rotational dorsal fasciocutaneous flap with dural plastic surgery. RESULTS: In all of the cases, these techniques provided stable and durable closure with a maximum follow-up of 11 years. An expansion complication was observed with exposure of the prosthesis without secondary infection. CONCLUSIONS: Cutaneous expansion is the technique of choice for late closure of large @entity9960 . It makes it possible to limit wound-healing problems and preserve muscle and skin resources in @entity1 who risk pressure sores.

title: [Expansion for skin closure of large XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children', 'child']

entities_list: @entity9960 :: ('MESH:D008591', 'Disease') :: ['myelomeningoceles']

answer: @entity9960 :: (MESH:D008591,Disease) :: ['myelomeningoceles']