abstract: Fumonisin mycotoxins which are hazardous to @entity1 and animals were produced in a @entity18327 -infected solid @entity579 culture. To decrease the possibility of the formation of artifacts, the fumonisins were analysed by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization time-of-flight ( @entity6391 /ESI-TOFMS) and ion trap mass spectrometry ( @entity6391 /ESI-ITMS) immediately after the extraction of the culture material, without any further sample clean-up. The @entity20695 isomers were separated by using a flat gradient on a special, high-coverage C(18), @entity32459 (YMC-Pack J'sphere ODS H80) suggested for the separation of structural isomers by the manufacturer. Exact mass measurements (TOFMS) of the protonated molecules and extraction of the ion chromatogram corresponding to the empirical formula ( @entity18640 ) of FB(1) toxins led to the identification of 29 peaks and shoulders, including those of FB(1). The FB(1) toxin and 28 of its isomers were also detected by ITMS after separation with @entity6391 . The characteristic m/z values of the product ions, including the backbones obtained by ITMS(2), undoubtedly indicated the structures of the FB(1) isomers for 28 peaks and shoulders. In the MS(2) spectra of the protonated molecules of the FB(1) isomers, with some exceptions, 15 characteristic product ions including the @entity7294 backbone at m/z 299 were observed. The abundance ratio of the cation at m/z 299 ranged up to 5.8%. The relative quantities of the isomers found in the sample extract were expressed as percentages of the FB(1) content (0.001-0.579%). The total amount of the 28 FB(1) isomers was 2.803% of the quantity of FB(1) that is important from the aspect of food and feed safety.

title: Detection and characterization of twenty-eight isomers of fumonisin B1 ( XXXX ) mycotoxin in a solid @entity579 culture infected with @entity18327 by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization time-of-flight and ion trap mass spectrometry.

entities_list: @entity32459 :: ('MESH:C536342', 'Disease') :: ['narrow-bore HPLC column']

entities_list: @entity7294 :: ('CHEBI:24632', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrocarbon']

entities_list: @entity18327 :: ('117187', 'Species') :: ['Fusarium verticillioides']

entities_list: @entity20695 :: ('CHEBI:38224', 'Chemical') :: ['fumonisin']

answer: @entity18640 :: (CHEBI:38221,Chemical) :: ['FB1']


abstract: @entity1 with @entity161 have repeatedly shown deficits in early visual processing using backward masking (VBM) tasks. Whether this represents a specific dysfunction in @entity161 is an unsolved question. @entity1 with recurrent @entity308 represent an interesting comparison group to examine the question of specificity, but have never previously been assessed on VBM. In addition to comparing VBM performance in @entity1 with @entity161 and @entity1 with @entity308 , we wanted to examine the relations between VBM and clinical symptoms. Fifty-one @entity1 with @entity161 were compared to 49 @entity1 with recurrent @entity308 and 47 healthy controls. All subjects were administered a two-digit identification task in a no-masking and four masking conditions. @entity1 with @entity161 performed significantly worse than normal controls on four of the five conditions. No significant difference was found between @entity308 @entity1 and normal controls. The effect of masking stimuli had no differential effects on the three groups. VBM correlated strongly with positive symptoms in the @entity161 group.

title: Early visual information processing in @entity161 compared to recurrent XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression', 'unipolar depression']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['depression']


abstract: microRNAs (miRNA) are involved in @entity5 development and progression, acting as @entity5 suppressors or oncogenes. Here, we profiled the expression of 290 unique @entity1 miRNAs in 11 normal and 106 @entity150 samples using spotted locked nucleic acid-based oligonucleotide microarrays. We identified several differentially expressed miRNAs between normal urothelium and @entity5 and between the different disease stages. @entity3373 was found to be the most down-regulated in @entity5 compared with normal, and @entity10017 was the most up-regulated in @entity5 . Furthermore, we identified miRNAs that significantly correlated to the presence of concomitant @entity189 in situ. We identified several miRNAs with prognostic potential for predicting disease progression (e.g., miR-129, @entity19953 , and @entity33272 *). We localized the expression of @entity3373 , @entity10017 , and miR-129 to urothelium by in situ hybridization. We then focused on miR-129 that exerted significant growth inhibition and induced cell death upon transfection with a miR-129 precursor in @entity150 cell lines @entity1 and @entity1 cells. Microarray analysis of @entity1 cells after transfection showed significant miR-129 target down-regulation (P = 0.0002) and pathway analysis indicated that targets were involved in cell death processes. By analyzing gene expression data from clinical @entity5 samples, we identified significant expression changes of target mRNA molecules related to the miRNA expression. Using luciferase assays, we documented a direct link between miR-129 and the two putative targets @entity33273 and @entity24852 . The findings reported here indicate that several miRNAs are differentially regulated in @entity150 and may form a basis for clinical development of new biomarkers for @entity150 .

title: Genomic profiling of microRNAs in XXXX : miR-129 is associated with poor outcome and promotes cell death in vitro.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder tumor', 'bladder carcinoma', 'bladder cancer']

answer: @entity150 :: (MESH:D001749,Disease) :: ['bladder cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: In @entity1 @entity3251 the effects of parasite burden and pregnancy time at infection on clinical outcome are well known, but there is controversy regarding the role of @entity3204 type. Through a systematic review of the literature, we aimed to discern if @entity3204 type has a role on clinical outcome in @entity1 @entity3251 . We built up a database of @entity3251 from reports of cases, case series and screening-based cohorts, which had information about parasite type, gestation time at @entity281 and/or clinical outcome in the product. Then, we obtained frequencies for loci used to genotype geographical origin of cases and types found. Also, odds ratios were calculated for association between time of @entity281 or parasite type on outcome. @entity4801 were the most common in Europe, Asia and Africa, while in America there were mainly atypical strains. More newborns with clinical problems were born from mothers infected during the first half of gestation than from those acquiring the parasite after week 24, regardless of parasite genotype (92.9 vs. 16.1  %, OR   =   67.9, CI95 25.4-181.6). Type I and atypical parasites were associated with clinical problems as opposed to types II and III, regardless of pregnancy period at infection (86.9 vs. 72.9  %, OR   =   2.47, CI95 1.1-5.4). A significant and remarkable tendency of type I parasites to be present during early pregnancy was also observed (94.4 vs. 5.6  %, P   <   0.009). In addition to parasite burden and period of gestation, @entity3204 genotype seems involved in CT clinical outcome.

title: Is @entity3204 type related to clinical outcome in XXXX @entity281 ? Systematic and critical review.

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['maternal infection']

entities_list: @entity4801 :: ('MESH:D010272', 'Disease') :: ['Type II parasites']

entities_list: @entity3251 :: ('MESH:D014125', 'Disease') :: ['congenital toxoplasmosis']

entities_list: @entity3204 :: ('5811', 'Species') :: ['T. gondii', 'Toxoplasma gondii']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: Borrmann type IV advanced @entity356 has a poor prognosis. Although surgical resection remains the only hope for a cure, the role of curative surgery is questionable in this type of @entity5 . This study defined the role of curative surgery in the prognosis of type IV @entity356 . We analyzed 168 @entity1 with Borrmann type IV undergoing surgery at Seoul St. Mary's Hospital from 1989 to 2010. We categorized the @entity1 into curative (R0) and non-curative (R1, R2, and non-resection) groups. The curative and non-curative groups comprised 88 and 80 @entity1 , respectively. The preoperative predictive value of Borrmann type IV was 50.5, and 8.9  % of the @entity1 had microscopic resection margin involvement. The 3- to 5-year overall survival (OS) of @entity1 in the curative group was significantly higher than that of in the non-curative group (p  <  0.001). However, in a multivariate analysis, curability was not a significant predictor of survival (p  =  0.187). In the curative group, the most frequent recurrence site was the peritoneum (85.7  %). Most recurrences occurred within 2  years. The role of surgery for Borrmann type IV is quite limited. Such cases have a poor prognosis even after curative surgery. In addition, microscopic resection margin involvement is frequent in type IV @entity5 because it is difficult to diagnose preoperatively. Therefore, multimodal diagnostic tools and treatment strategies should be developed for @entity356 .

title: Limited significance of curative surgery in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer', 'Borrmann type IV gastric cancer']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['Borrmann type IV gastric cancer']


abstract: Studies of @entity344 prevalence in Papio have either focused on a single troop or compared prevalence among troops that share migrants but differ in degree of @entity1 contact. Little is known about the extent of variation in prevalence where obvious factors that may drive prevalence (e.g., @entity1 contact) are absent, so it is difficult to interpret variation when these factors are present. To address this issue, we studied troops of Guinea @entity6599 (Papio papio) that had almost no contact with @entity1 or domesticated species of plants or animals. We tested the null hypotheses that community composition, @entity3794 , and prevalence would be similar between groups in two comparisons: (1) between troops in the same locality with no known differences in drivers of prevalence, and (2) between samples at the same location taken more than 20  years apart. We collected anonymous fecal samples from two troops of @entity6599 living in a wilderness site, Mt. Assirik, in the Niokolo- @entity5420 National Park, Republic of Senegal, West Africa. We collected samples from two valleys and analyzed prevalence and @entity3794 with respect to place and time. Both prevalence and @entity3794 were similar in the two valleys, but significant changes emerged in both prevalence and community composition compared with the previous survey in 1978-1979. We also found that the @entity2199 Enterobius and a fluke, Watsonius, co-occurred within hosts more frequently than expected. This phenomenon has not been previously noted in the literature, and it suggests common environmental drivers or facilitation among these parasites.

title: Community composition, correlations among taxa, prevalence, and XXXX in @entity344 of @entity6599 in Senegal, West Africa.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal parasite']

answer: @entity3794 :: (MESH:D011658,Disease) :: ['richness']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate whether early initiation of new oral anticoagulants (NOAC) for @entity64 or @entity63 ( @entity63 ) @entity1 with @entity955 ( @entity955 ) are safe. METHODS: Between March 2011 and September 2012, @entity64 or @entity63 @entity1 with @entity955 who started NOAC within 2 weeks were enrolled retrospectively. Symptomatic @entity1779 ( @entity1779 ), @entity548 ( @entity548 ) on T2*-weighted MRI, recurrence of @entity64 or @entity63 , systemic @entity887 and any @entity548 complications after initiation of NOAC were evaluated. RESULTS: 41 @entity1 (25 males; mean age 76.2 years) started NOAC; of which, 39 (95%) @entity1 had @entity64 , and 2 (5%) had @entity63 . The median (interquartile range) interval from onset to treatment with NOAC was 2 (1-6) days. Symptomatic @entity1779 was not observed. @entity548 on initial T2* and new @entity548 on follow-up T2* were 5 (12%) and 11 (31%), but it was asymptomatic. Of 5 @entity1 who had @entity548 on the initial T2*, enlargement of @entity548 on follow-up T2* ( @entity385 ( @entity385 ) Type 1 > @entity385 Type 2) was observed in 1 @entity1 , but it was asymptomatic. None of the @entity1 had recurrent @entity64 or @entity63 , systemic @entity887 , and any @entity548 complications. CONCLUSIONS: The NOAC may be safe in @entity64 or @entity63 @entity1 with @entity955 . A large, prospective study is needed to confirm this.

title: Early initiation of new oral anticoagulants in @entity64 and @entity63 XXXX with @entity955 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'acute stroke']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['HT', 'hemorrhagic transformation', 'hemorrhage', 'bleeding']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['transient ischemic attack', 'TIA']

entities_list: @entity887 :: ('MESH:D004617', 'Disease') :: ['embolism']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['nonvalvular atrial fibrillation', 'NVAF']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['ICH', 'intracerebral hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhagic infarction', 'HI']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Recent reports have suggested that angioplasty may cause or accelerate coronary arterial stenoses secondary to @entity130 . Ninety-four coronary angiograms performed in a 1 yr period were reviewed in @entity1 who had successful coronary angioplasty 6 to 30 mo (mean 10.7) prior to restudy. @entity256 was found in 43 of 140 dilated lesions (31%) and in 41 of 94 @entity1 (44%). Thirty-three (35%) @entity1 had new or progressive lesions outside the angioplasty site. New or progressive lesions occurred with similar frequency in the arteries that did not have angioplasty (23/155 = 15%) as in the arteries that did (13/127 = 10%; chi-square n.s.). In the arteries which underwent angioplasty, new or progressive lesions occurred as commonly proximal to the PTCA site (7/14, 50%) as distal (6/13, 46%). New or progressive lesions occurred in 29% of @entity1 with concomitant @entity256 , and 40% of those without @entity256 (chi-square n.s.). No clinical, angiographic, or procedural factors distinguished @entity1 with new and progressive lesions in target vessels from those without these lesions in target vessels. @entity1 with progressive lesions anywhere in the coronary tree were more likely to have had a shorter duration of anginal symptoms before angioplasty and a family history of @entity301 when compared with @entity1 without progressive @entity731 . In conclusion, new and progressive lesions outside the angioplasty site occur after the procedure but appear unrelated to the @entity256 process or @entity130 by angioplasty instrumentation.

title: Does percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty accelerate XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary disease']

entities_list: @entity256 :: ('MESH:D023903', 'Disease') :: ['restenosis', 'Restenosis']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['traumatic injury']

answer: @entity731 :: (MESH:D050197,Disease) :: ['atherosclerotic lesions']


abstract: The 10 year follow-up of a clinical trial involving the comparison of 3F/wk versus 5F/wk in radiotherapy of @entity957 of the larynx and hypopharynx has now been completed. The trial involved an intake of 734 @entity1 between 1966 and 1975. The classification of all @entity1 has been revised to conform with the latest TNM publication. A reduction in total dose was made for 3F/wk compared with 5F/wk. This varied between 13% and 11% in centres treating over 3 weeks and 6 weeks, respectively. No statistically significant differences have been found between the two arms (3F/wk versus 5F/wk) of the trial in any of the main group analyses. A number of sub-group analyses relating to survival, @entity5 -free and laryngectomy-free rates and to the comparison of acute or late normal-tissue radiation damage have also been performed. No differences have been found that could be considered to be statistically significant in relation to the particular sub-group. Previous interim reports suggested minor differences in sub-group analyses between the 3F/wk and 5F/wk regimes in this trial; these have diminished now that the full follow-up data are available. This trial has provided evidence on which clinicians may base their choice between either a 3F/wk fractionation regime or a conventional 5F/wk treatment protocol in the treatment of @entity189 of the laryngo-pharynx.

title: Final report of the general clinical results of the British Institute of Radiology fractionation study of 3F/wk versus 5F/wk in radiotherapy of XXXX of the laryngo-pharynx.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We evaluated the clinical and radiologic results of @entity2249 treated with multiple pinning and determined the influence of the progression of impaction at the @entity174 site on clinical outcome. METHODS: There were 34 @entity1 with a mean age of 65.5 years. The mean follow-up period was 3.4 years. Progression of @entity174 site impaction was measured using an articulo-trochanteric distance index and the percentage decrease in the articulo-trochanteric distance index between follow-up intervals. The failure of treatment was clarified as non-union and avascular @entity39 . Other characteristics of the @entity1 , including mean waiting time for surgery, preoperative Singh index score, and body mass index, were also measured to evaluate the influence on the clinical outcome of surgery. RESULTS: There were 6 fractures which were not treated successfully (3 non-union, 8.8% and 3 avascular @entity39 , 8.8%). The mean percentage decrease of the articulo-trochanteric distance index within the first 6 weeks after surgery was 4.5% in the successful group and 25.1% in the failure group (p < 0.001). There was also a significant mean percentage decrease in the articulo-trochanteric distance index between 6 weeks and 3 months (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Primary stabilization with Knowles pins for @entity2249 had a reasonable clinical outcome with low morbidity. Despite a significant difference of a mean percentage decrease in the articulo-trochanteric distance index between the successful group and the failure group, we could not verify it as a risk factor for failure of treatment because the odds ratio was not statistically significant.

title: Progression of a @entity174 site impaction as a prognostic indicator of XXXX treated with multiple pinning.

entities_list: @entity2249 :: ('MESH:D005265', 'Disease') :: ['impacted femoral neck fractures']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

answer: @entity2249 :: (MESH:D005265,Disease) :: ['impacted femoral neck fracture']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Despite growing evidence of links between gait and cognition in aging, cognitive risk assessments that incorporate motoric signs have not been examined. We sought to validate a new Motoric Cognitive Risk (MCR) syndrome to identify individuals at high risk of developing @entity303 . METHODS: We evaluated 997 community residing individuals aged 70 and older participating in the Einstein Aging Study over a median follow-up time of 36.9 months. @entity73 was defined as presence of cognitive complaints and slow gait (one standard deviation below age- and sex-specific gait speed means) in nondemented individuals. Cox models were used to evaluate the effect of @entity73 on the risk of developing @entity303 and subtypes. RESULTS: Fifty-two @entity1 met criteria for @entity73 at baseline with a prevalence of 7% (95% CI: 5-9%). Prevalence of MCR increased with age. @entity1 with MCR were at higher risk of developing @entity303 (hazard ratio [HR] adjusted for age, sex, and education: 3.27, 95% CI: 1.55-6.90) and @entity1294 (adjusted HR: 12.81, 95% CI: 4.98-32.97). The association of MCR with risk of @entity303 or @entity1294 remained significant even after accounting for other confounders and diagnostic overlap with "cognitive" mild @entity73 subtypes. CONCLUSIONS: A motor-based @entity73 provides a clinical approach to identify individuals at high risk for @entity303 , especially @entity1294 , to target for further investigations and who may benefit from preventive interventions.

title: Motoric cognitive risk syndrome and the risk of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment syndrome', 'MCR syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity1294 :: ('MESH:D015140', 'Disease') :: ['vascular dementia']

answer: @entity303 :: (MESH:D003704,Disease) :: ['dementia']


abstract: Endometriosis is a common disease concerning 5-10% of @entity1 at reproductive age. It may cause sterility and decrease the quality of life. The best known symptoms are @entity1834 , @entity546 , chronic @entity2371 and @entity158 related to ovulation. Endometriosis is a @entity102 which, so far can not be completely cured. Clinical treatment is focused on decreasing symptoms, improving the quality of life, inhibition of endometrial focuses, sustaining sterility and preventing recurrences. Most of the time clinical treatment is not limited only to one possibility but usually joins a few therapeutic options. One of the possibilities is the surgical treatment, usually laparoscopic. Conservative treatment may be its completion. The main medical aim of conservative treatment is to decrease @entity158 by @entity32 and to reduce or arrest the production of cyclic ovarian hormones, what usually leads to @entity2588 . Drugs used in conservative treatment of @entity46 are often connected with numerous side effects, constituting a serious limitation of a long-term therapy. That is the reason why much research concentrates on finding the optimal medical procedures for @entity1 with @entity46 .

title: [Conservative treatment of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inhibition of inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1834 :: ('MESH:D004412', 'Disease') :: ['dysmenorrhea']

entities_list: @entity2371 :: ('MESH:D017699', 'Disease') :: ['pelvic pain']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic illness']

entities_list: @entity46 :: ('MESH:D004715', 'Disease') :: ['endometriosis']

entities_list: @entity546 :: ('MESH:D004414', 'Disease') :: ['dyspareunia']

entities_list: @entity2588 :: ('MESH:D000568', 'Disease') :: ['amenorrhea']

answer: @entity46 :: (MESH:D004715,Disease) :: ['endometriosis']


abstract: This study attempts to characterize @entity1 @entity320 -associated @entity5 antigens that are recognized by autologous T-lymphocyte clones. Peripheral blood lymphocytes of a @entity320 @entity1 (AV) were activated in an autologous-mixed-lymphocyte @entity5 culture (AMLTC) and responding cells were cloned using irradiated @entity320 cells (AV-Mel) as antigen source, EBV-transformed B-lymphoblasts as feeder cells and recombinant @entity1199 . T-cell clones were isolated which proliferated in response to autologous @entity5 cells, but not to autologous B-lymphoblasts (AV-B), and which were cytolytic for AV-Mel cells. In an attempt to identify the antigens recognized, an in vitro test system was used, in which @entity665 (3H-TdR) incorporation by T lymphocytes was measured in the presence of protein from AV-Mel cells presented by irradiated autologous accessory cells. Antigen-bearing particles of AV-Mel or AV-B cells were prepared by spotting cell lysates onto nitrocellulose (NC) followed by dissolution with @entity3733 and precipitation with an aqueous buffer. T cells sensitized against @entity320 cells were specifically stimulated by NC-bound AV-Mel protein. Stimulation required the presence of AV-B accessory cells, indicating that B-lymphoblasts are able to present @entity5 antigens. This approach facilitates screening of polypeptide fractions of AV-Mel cells separated by @entity2975 gel electrophoresis followed by Western blotting for their capacity to stimulate antigen-dependent T-cells. @entity404 + and @entity405 + @entity5 -specific clones appear to recognize different antigens on the @entity5 cell: proliferation of an antigen-dependent @entity405 + clone was stimulated by 240- and 24-kDa protein fractions, while proliferation of 2 antigen-dependent @entity404 + clones was observed either with an 84- or with 140- and 55-kDa fractions. Molecular definition of the different antigens of @entity5 cells recognized by autologous T cells may be a prerequisite in attempts to manipulate T-cell-mediated anti- @entity5 responses in a controlled way.

title: Tumor-specific T-cell clones recognize different protein determinants of autologous XXXX @entity320 cells.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity665 :: ('CHEBI:53526', 'Chemical') :: ['3H-Thymidine']

entities_list: @entity2975 :: ('CHEBI:51135', 'Chemical') :: ['polyacrylamide']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma', 'autologous melanoma']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: PURPOSE: To explore the course of @entity458 and body image at long-term follow-up (6-9 years) after prophylactic mastectomy and breast reconstruction (PM/BR) in @entity1 at risk for @entity0 , and to identify pre-PM risk factors for poor body image on the long-term. METHODS: Psychological distress (general and @entity0 specific) and body image (general and breast specific) were assessed in 36 high-risk @entity1 before PM (T0), at 6 months (T1) and 6-9 years (T2) after PM/BR. Investigated predictive variables (assessed at T0) for long-term body image (assessed at T2) included @entity458 , body image and coping styles. RESULTS: @entity0 specific and general distress significantly decreased from T0 to T1 as well as from T1 to T2. Problems regarding breast related and general body image were significantly higher at T1 than at T0. Subsequently, breast related body image scores significantly decreased from T1 to T2, while the decrease in general body image scores were not significant. Active coping and seeking social support were predictive of lower scores (i.e. less problems) on breast related and general body image at long-term follow-up. Furthermore, higher scores on general body image before PM/BR were predictive for increased general body image scores at long-term follow-up. CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that @entity458 is decreased after PM/BR, at the cost of persistent problems regarding body image. Exploration of coping styles and body image perception before PM/BR may help to identify vulnerable @entity1 who may benefit from additional support.

title: Body image and @entity458 after prophylactic mastectomy and breast reconstruction in genetically predisposed XXXX : a prospective long-term follow-up study.

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['Breast cancer', 'breast cancer', 'hereditary breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['psychological distress']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: Several lines of evidence have clearly established the role of lipoproteins as risk factors for the development of @entity731 . Epidemiologic studies from different countries have found that about one third of @entity583 survivors under 60 years of age are hyperlipidemic. The @entity14469 occurring in the first hours following an @entity583 causes distinct changes in the @entity1 's metabolic profile, these changes include a significant reduction of total @entity165 and @entity165 associated with low density lipoproteins and a usually mild elevation of blood @entity413 . With the purpose of establishing the prevalence and severity of @entity74 found in @entity583 survivors living in Mexico city we conducted a prospective study of 106 consecutive admissions to the coronary care unit at the National Institute of Cardiology with the fully proven diagnosis of @entity583 , we included only @entity1 younger than 60 years of age that could be sampled within the first 72 hours of the appearance of typical symptoms, at this time the coronary risk factor profile was assessed and blood samples were drawn (acute sample). After three months of the diagnosis we sampled 81 of the original 106 @entity1 (chronic sample). The comparison of these 81 @entity1 showed remarkable differences in the lipid values obtained on each sample. The mean value for total @entity165 in the acute sample was 225 mg/dl whereas the corresponding value for the chronic sample was 240.5 mg/dl (p less than 0.005). This difference was also highly significant for the low density fraction. On the basis of the chronic sample analysis we estimated a prevalence of @entity5522 of 35.8%. (II: 18.5%, III: 2.5%, IV: 14.8%), an additional subgroup of 10 @entity1 (12.3%) had the hypo-HDL phenotype raising the number of subjects at risk for @entity731 to as high as 48.1% considering only the lipoproteins. The prevalence figures for the rest of the risk factors were as follows: 70.3% for @entity286 smoking, 35.8% for @entity262 Arterial @entity101 , 33.4% for @entity28 and 30.8% for @entity6 . Among the group of 81 @entity1 , 17 were known @entity6 , eight additional cases of @entity6 were diagnosed at the chronic phase (two with fasting @entity4854 and six with diagnostic oral @entity413 tolerance tests). The "acute plase" glycemia for these eight subjects was significantly higher (mean: 98.4 mg/dl) than the corresponding value for the non @entity6 @entity1 (mean: 83.4 mg/dl p less than 0.002), the seventeen known @entity6 had a mean glycemia of 150.6 mg/dl in the acute sample.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: [Metabolic disorders in survivors of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity14469 :: ('MESH:D040701', 'Disease') :: ['acute stress reaction']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'acute myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['Hypertension']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['Obesity']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetes Mellitus', 'diabetics', 'diabetic']

entities_list: @entity262 :: ('MESH:D034721', 'Disease') :: ['Systemic']

entities_list: @entity5522 :: ('MESH:D006951', 'Disease') :: ['hyperlipoproteinemia']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['lipoprotein disorders']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity4854 :: ('MESH:D006943', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemia']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarct']


abstract: Recordings were made from small and medium diameter dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons that expressed transient receptor potential (TRP) proteins. Physiologically characterized skin nociceptors expressed either @entity13812 (type 2) or @entity22269 (type 4) in isolation. Other nociceptors co-expressed both TRP proteins and innervated deep tissue sites (gastrocnemius muscle, distal colon; type 5, type 8) and skin (type 8). Subpopulations of myelinated (type 8) and unmyelinated (type 5) nociceptors co-expressed both TRPs. Cells that expressed @entity13812 were excellent transducers of intense heat. Proportional inward currents were obtained from a threshold of approximately 46.5 to approximately 56 degrees C. In contrast, cells expressing @entity22269 alone (52 degrees C threshold) did not reliably transduce the intensity of thermal events. Studies were undertaken to assess the capacity of skin and deep nociceptors to exhibit sensitization to repeated intense thermal stimuli [ @entity6167 ( @entity6167 )]. Only nociceptors that expressed @entity22269 , alone or in combination with @entity13812 , exhibited @entity6167 . @entity6167 was shown to be @entity141 dependent in either case. Intracellular @entity141 dependent pathways to @entity6167 varied with the pattern of TRP protein expression. Cells co-expressing both TRPs modulated heat reactivity through @entity563 / @entity1889 phosphorylation or PLA(2)-dependent pathways. Cells expressing only @entity22269 may have relied on @entity669 kinases for @entity6167 . We conclude that heat sensitization in deep and superficial @entity2951 and @entity2951 -insensitive C and Adelta nociceptors varies with the distribution of @entity13812 and @entity22269 proteins. The expression pattern of these proteins are specific to subclasses of physiologically identified C and A fiber nociceptors with highly restricted tissue targets.

title: Heat sensitization in skin and muscle nociceptors expressing distinct combinations of XXXX and @entity22269 protein.

entities_list: @entity2951 :: ('MESH:D002211', 'Chemical') :: ['capsaicin']

entities_list: @entity6167 :: ('MESH:D018883', 'Disease') :: ['heat-heat sensitization', 'HHS']

entities_list: @entity563 :: ('CHEBI:17822', 'Chemical') :: ['serine']

entities_list: @entity1889 :: ('CHEBI:26986', 'Chemical') :: ['threonine']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

answer: @entity13812 :: (7442,Gene) :: ['TRPV1']


abstract: Forty-six @entity1 with symptomatic @entity591 underwent operations to divide 55 atrioventricular accessory pathways. Mean age was 29 years (range 11 to 63). Ten @entity1 (22%) had associated @entity299 , including two with a congenital diverticulum of the coronary sinus and six (13%) who had concomitant surgical procedures. A bipolar hand-held electrode was used in 22 operations, and simultaneous multisite mapping in the last 24 operations. Ten @entity1 (22%) had multiple accessory pathways. A modified endocardial approach was used. The overall @entity1 success rate was 93% with 91% to 93% of accessory pathways successfully divided. The perioperative morbidity was 17%. There were two reoperations. There were no early or late deaths. @entity1 have been followed up for a mean of 16 months. There were five recurrences of preexcitation (two early, three late). Two of these @entity1 (both with a congenital diverticulum of the coronary sinus) had reoperation. One @entity1 had late recurrence of @entity955 . Operation for the @entity3153 has a high probability of success with a low operative risk.

title: Operations for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac disease']

entities_list: @entity3153 :: ('MESH:D014927', 'Disease') :: ['Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome']

answer: @entity3153 :: (MESH:D014927,Disease) :: ['Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome']


abstract: Our experiments were conducted to evaluate, in @entity35 myometrium, the potential contribution of a protein @entity669 kinase (PTK) pathway in the hydrolysis of @entity1078 mediated by @entity6138 , @entity1827 ( @entity1827 ), and @entity5402 . The production of @entity7256 (InsP) by agonists and @entity31010 - was partly inhibited (35-40%) by @entity670 and @entity31011 , two PTK inhibitors. @entity670 attenuated uterine contractions elicited by the stimulation of muscarinic and @entity6138 receptors, whereas pervanadate, a protein @entity669 phosphatase inhibitor, potentiated receptor-mediated contraction. @entity669 -phosphorylated proteins were detected in detergent extracts from agonist- and @entity7983 -stimulated myometrium. The amount of InsP produced in response to pervanadate was related to the @entity669 phosphorylation status of @entity22857 . In contrast, with @entity1827 and @entity6138 , phosphorylated @entity22857 made a minor contribution. Additional findings were rather consistent with a role for @entity141 . In @entity593 -loaded cells, @entity670 partly decreased both the transient and sustained intracellular @entity141 concentration phases induced by @entity6138 . The removal of extracellular @entity141 or the addition of @entity594 inhibited (35%) InsP production due to @entity6138 and @entity1827 . The inhibitory effects of @entity670 and @entity31011 were abolished in @entity141 -depleted medium, were not additive with that of @entity594 , and (as for @entity594 ) were counteracted by the @entity141 channel agonist @entity9898 . The data are consistent with a PTK-mediated process in the activation of the voltage-gated @entity141 influx that is involved in the production of InsP by stimulated G protein-coupled receptors.

title: A XXXX kinase signaling pathway, regulated by calcium entry and dissociated from @entity669 phosphorylation of @entity22857 , is involved in inositol phosphate production by activated G protein-coupled receptors in myometrium.

entities_list: @entity1078 :: ('CHEBI:18348', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate']

entities_list: @entity7256 :: ('MESH:D007295', 'Chemical') :: ['inositol phosphates']

entities_list: @entity670 :: ('MESH:D019833', 'Chemical') :: ['genistein', 'Genistein']

entities_list: @entity7983 :: ('MESH:C076715', 'Chemical') :: ['pervanadate']

entities_list: @entity31011 :: ('MESH:D020032', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrphostins']

entities_list: @entity594 :: ('MESH:D009543', 'Chemical') :: ['nifedipine']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['Tyrosine', 'tyrosine']

entities_list: @entity5402 :: ('MESH:D002217', 'Chemical') :: ['carbachol']

entities_list: @entity6138 :: ('MESH:D001839', 'Chemical') :: ['bombesin']

answer: @entity669 :: (CHEBI:18186,Chemical) :: ['tyrosine']


abstract: Expression of mRNAs for @entity10969 ( @entity10969 ) and its receptor subtypes Y1 (Y1-R), Y2 (Y2-R) and Y5 (Y5-R) was studied in adult @entity35 brain using in situ hybridization after 40 rapidly recurring @entity410 induced with 5-min interval by hippocampal kindling stimulations. At 2-4 h post- @entity410 , @entity10969 mRNA levels were markedly elevated in dentate granule cells, @entity1249 and @entity1251 @entity655 , amygdala and piriform and entorhinal cortices. Gene expression had returned to control level in the dentate granule cell layer at 48 h but remained high in the other areas, reaching baseline at 1 week. Transient decreases of Y1-R mRNA levels were detected at 2-4 h in hippocampal subregions, amygdala, piriform, entorhinal and somatosensory cortices. The Y2-R mRNA levels were reduced at 2-4 h in the @entity1251 region and piriform cortex, but exhibited marked increases at 48 h and 1 week post- @entity410 in the dentate gyrus, amygdala and piriform and entorhinal cortices. At 3 weeks, Y2-R mRNA expression had virtually returned to baseline. Elevated Y5-R mRNA levels were only detected @entity35 h and confined to dentate granule cell layer and piriform and entorhinal cortices. These results demonstrate a cell- and region-specific, differential regulation of mRNA expression for @entity10969 and Y1-R, Y2-R, and Y5-R in the limbic system following recurring @entity410 . Because the gene changes were transient, it seems unlikely that the presumed alterations of the corresponding proteins are involved in the maintenance of the @entity302 , which develops up to 4 weeks post- @entity410 in the present model and is stable thereafter. Our data provide further support for the hypothesis that the changes of @entity10969 and its receptors act to dampen @entity410 susceptibility, and suggest that the cascade of gene changes is orchestrated to optimize this anticonvulsant effect.

title: Differential regulation of mRNAs for @entity10969 and its receptor subtypes in widespread areas of the XXXX limbic system during kindling epileptogenesis.

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'seizures']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epileptic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity655 :: ('MESH:C535504', 'Disease') :: ['pyramidal layers']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Bacterial cultivation is a well-established method for analyzing plaque samples. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a novel rapid method for the identification and quantification of periodontopathogenic bacteria that has been recently introduced. In this study, we compared real-time PCR with conventional anaerobic cultivation. METHOD: A total of 78 @entity527 samples were harvested from pockets > or =5 mm in 22 @entity1 with advanced chronic @entity2521 and immediately transferred into transport medium. Aliquots were evaluated with species-specific probes by real-time PCR ( @entity25771 Perio Diagnostics, @entity1246 ) and anaerobic bacteria culture on selective media for the detection of @entity3841 , @entity8209 , @entity2523 , @entity3288 and @entity3289 . The analysis was performed by two separate, blinded examiners. RESULTS: When real-time PCR was compared with the culture method (golden standard) for the detection of putative periodontopathogenic bacteria, the sensitivity and specificity for A. actinomycetemcomitans were 67% and 100%, respectively (kappa: 0.79); for @entity8209 73% and 53%, respectively (kappa: 0.21); for @entity2523 94% and 84%, respectively (kappa: 0.77); for @entity3288 33% and 94%, respectively (kappa: 0.26) and for @entity3289 92% and 56%, respectively (kappa: 0.51). Spearman's correlation coefficients for the quantitative results of both methods were 0.82 for A. actinomycetemcomitans, 0.33 for @entity8209 , 0.83 for @entity2523 , 0.38 for @entity3288 and 0.67 for @entity3289 . CONCLUSION: Overall, the agreement between both test methods was excellent for A. actinomycetemcomitans and @entity2523 , fair for @entity3289 and poor for @entity8209 and @entity3288 . The discrepancies in the results may be explained by the inability of cultivation methods to distinguish between close related taxa, and the problems of keeping periopathogenic bacteria viable, which is required for standard cultivation.

title: Comparison of culture and real-time PCR for detection and quantification of five putative periodontopathogenic bacteria in XXXX samples.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8209 :: ('851', 'Species') :: ['F. nucleatum', 'Fusobacterium nucleatum']

entities_list: @entity527 :: ('MESH:D058225', 'Disease') :: ['subgingival plaque']

entities_list: @entity3288 :: ('28131', 'Species') :: ['P. intermedia', 'Prevotella intermedia']

entities_list: @entity3289 :: ('28112', 'Species') :: ['Tannerella forsythensis', 'T. forsythensis']

entities_list: @entity2521 :: ('MESH:D010518', 'Disease') :: ['periodontitis']

entities_list: @entity3841 :: ('714', 'Species') :: ['Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans']

entities_list: @entity2523 :: ('837', 'Species') :: ['Porphyromonas gingivalis', 'P. gingivalis']

answer: @entity527 :: (MESH:D058225,Disease) :: ['subgingival plaque']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Inflammation may contribute to @entity73 after @entity64 . Inflammatory markers are associated with @entity194 . We tested whether markers of @entity32 , erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and serum levels of @entity1851 are associated with reduced hippocampal volume and poor cognitive performance among @entity64 survivors. METHODS: We analyzed 368 consecutive cases from our prospective study of first-ever mild-moderate @entity64 @entity1 . MRI, cognitive tests, and inflammatory markers were determined. @entity1 were reevaluated 6 and 12 months after the event. RESULTS: ESR remained unchanged in follow-up examinations, suggesting a @entity32 background in some @entity1 . Higher levels of @entity1851 and ESR were associated with worse performance in cognitive tests, particularly memory scores. This association was maintained for ESR (but not @entity1851 ) after adjustment for confounders (P=0.002). @entity1 with smaller hippocampi had inferior cognitive results. Moreover, in a multivariate regression model, higher ESR values (but not @entity1851 ) were related to reduced hippocampal volume (P=0.049). CONCLUSIONS: This report shows a strong relationship between ESR and hippocampal volume, as well as with cognitive performance among poststroke @entity1 . This could plausibly relate to @entity73 via hippocampal pathways.

title: @entity73 after XXXX : relation to inflammatory biomarkers and hippocampal volume.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['chronic inflammation', 'inflammation']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment', 'incipient cognitive decline']

entities_list: @entity194 :: ('MESH:D001284', 'Disease') :: ['hippocampal atrophy']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['stroke']


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey of veterans with @entity1566 and disorders (SCI/D). OBJECTIVES: To describe @entity22 (independent of @entity387 ) in @entity1 with traumatic and non-traumatic SCI/D, and to examine characteristics and health outcomes independently associated with @entity22 unrelated to @entity387 . SETTING: Seven Veterans Affairs SCI care facilities in the United States. METHODS: Mailed cross-sectional survey with follow-up calls completed by end of 2008. Bivariate analyses to compare measures outcomes in @entity1 with SCI/D who were dysfunctional sleepers vs those who were not. Multivariate logistic regression used to identify variables independently associated with dysfunctional sleep in veterans with SCI/D. RESULTS: Overall, 49% of the sample had @entity22 unrelated to @entity387 . In this subgroup, bivariate analyses showed that a greater proportion of @entity409 were current smokers, had problems with drinking @entity167 , @entity101 , @entity565 , @entity1030 ( @entity1030 ) and problematic @entity1017 . Variables independently associated with higher odds of dysfunctional sleep included white race, being a current smoker, problems with drinking @entity167 , @entity565 , @entity1030 and problematic @entity1017 . CONCLUSION: Consistent with epidemiological evidence for the general population, we found significant associations of @entity22 with @entity1017 , smoking, @entity167 misuse and select chronic conditions ( @entity1030 , @entity565 ). @entity22 may contribute to health deterioration and mortality, highlighting the need to address the high prevalence of @entity22 (independent of @entity387 ) in @entity1 with SCI/D. In particular, efforts aimed at modifying problematic @entity1017 , @entity167 misuse and smoking are warranted in this cohort to improve sleep.

title: Dysfunctional sleep in @entity1 with XXXX and disorders.

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity387 :: ('MESH:D012891', 'Disease') :: ['sleep apnea']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['dysfunctional sleepers than non-dysfunctional sleepers']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['weight gain']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease', 'COPD']

entities_list: @entity1566 :: ('MESH:D013119', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord injuries']

entities_list: @entity22 :: ('MESH:D007319', 'Disease') :: ['Sustained sleep dysfunction', 'sleep dysfunction']

answer: @entity1566 :: (MESH:D013119,Disease) :: ['spinal cord injuries']


abstract: We investigated fifteen @entity1 with partial @entity10145 who complained of @entity5450 . Those with a myelomeningocele were not included. The mean age at the first visit was 13 years old. Bilateral and unilateral @entity10145 were observed in nine and six @entity1 , respectively. Chief complaints comprised @entity322 and/or nocturnal enuresis in 10 @entity1 , pollakisuria 5, recurrent @entity221 attack due to urinary tract infection 5 and difficulty in micturition 2. In 4 cases vesicoureteral reflux was observed. At an initial urodynamic study bladder compliance varied from 1.4 to 37.0 (mean 10.4) ml/cm @entity2507 and uninhibited contractions were present in 10 of them. Three @entity1 were judged to have normal or almost normal bladder function. After treatment with clean intermittent catheterization and/or anticholinergics, compliance improved to a mean of 15.1 ml/cm @entity2507 and the uninhibited contraction decreased in its amplitude or disappeared completely in 8 of 10 cases. It was suggested that @entity1 with partial @entity10145 originally suffered from a lower motor neuron lesion. The severity of the @entity85 and other @entity16 (gait or sensory disturbance) were not related with the urodynamic findings. However, it was found that the more the cystogram was deformed the lower was the bladder compliance.

title: [Partial XXXX . Characteristics of urodynamic findings].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['incontinence']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological symptoms']

entities_list: @entity5450 :: ('MESH:D014570', 'Disease') :: ['urological disorders']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['sacral deformities']

entities_list: @entity10145 :: ('MESH:C537221', 'Disease') :: ['sacral agenesis']

answer: @entity10145 :: (MESH:C537221,Disease) :: ['sacral agenesis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of perioperative oral administration of Yunan Baiyao on reduction of postoperative @entity4 following bimaxillary orthognathic surgery. METHODS: @entity1 scheduled for Le @entity196 and bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomies were enrolled in the prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study. @entity1 were orally administrated with Yunnan Baiyao capsules or placebo capsules before 3 days of operation and 5 days post-operation. Three-dimensional face images were recorded with OKIO-SC-400 Scanning System in 40 @entity1 at pre-operation, postoperatively 3 day, 1 week and 1 month. Facial scans from different time periods were registrated to same coordinates and overlaid onto the baseline facial scan. 3D and 2D model deviations were performed with reverse engineering software to compare the differences between each two models and to quantitatively determine the reductions in @entity4 . RESULTS: There were 18 @entity1 in Yunnan Baiyao group and 22 @entity1 in control group. The severe swelling region was in the cheek, followed by the upper and lower lip. The average reduction of swelling thickness in Yunnan Baiyao group and control group from 3 day to 1 week postoperative was 3.6 mm and 2.3 mm respectively; there was significant difference between the two groups. Significant differences were also found in percentage changes of facial morphology from 3 day to 1 week postoperative (49.0% and 38.3% respectively). There were no significant changes in facial volumes of swelling between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Perioperative oral administration of Yunnan Baiyao capsules can effectively reduce the magnitude of @entity4 in bimaxillary orthognathic surgery. Yunnan Biayao has efficacy of anti-inflammatory response.

title: [Reverse-engineering-based quantitative three-dimensional measurement of XXXX after administration of Yunnan Baiyao following orthognathic surgery].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['facial swelling']

entities_list: @entity196 :: ('MESH:D020754', 'Disease') :: ['Fort I osteotomies']

answer: @entity4 :: (MESH:D004487,Disease) :: ['facial swelling']


abstract: The antihypertensive efficacy and safety of @entity16427 , a selective alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonist, were compared with that of the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor @entity4688 in an 18-week double-blind, parallel-group trial. Sixty-seven @entity101 @entity1 entered the three-phase study, which involved a 4-week placebo washout period, a 10-week titration period with @entity16427 , 1 to 16 mg, or @entity4688 , 10 to 40 mg once daily followed by a 4-week maintenance period. The target response was a standing diastolic blood pressure less than or equal to 90 mm Hg. In the 62 efficacy evaluable @entity1 the mean final daily dose of @entity16427 was 5.6 mg and 25.5 mg for @entity4688 . The percentages of therapeutic successes were 74% in the @entity16427 - and 81% in the @entity4688 -treated groups; the proportions in whom standing diastolic blood pressure less than or equal to 90 mm Hg were 55% and 61%, respectively. Both sitting and standing blood pressures were significantly reduced at all visits during the 14-week treatment period in both groups. Twelve @entity1 receiving @entity16427 reported 14 adverse events and nine @entity1 administered @entity4688 reported 19 adverse events; therapy was stopped in three @entity1 in each group because of side effects. The overall assessment of efficacy was excellent or good for 71% of the @entity16427 -treated and 67% of the @entity4688 -treated @entity1 , respectively. Toleration of therapy was excellent or good for 91% of the @entity16427 -treated and 88% of the @entity4688 -treated @entity1 , respectively. No clinically significant changes were observed in the serum lipids, plasma biochemistry, or hematologic profiles.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: A comparison of @entity16427 and @entity4688 in the treatment of mild and moderate essential XXXX .

entities_list: @entity4688 :: ('MESH:D004656', 'Chemical') :: ['enalapril']

entities_list: @entity16427 :: ('MESH:D017292', 'Chemical') :: ['doxazosin']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertension']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Gastric adaptive relaxation (GAR) is a major factor of @entity2210 ( @entity2210 ). @entity842 (NO) could be the key molecule responsible for GAR. We previously reported that the physiological gastric reservoir ability can be evaluated by measuring the cross-sectional area of the proximal stomach by abdominal ultrasonography (US). @entity29961 (ES), a gastro-protective antiulcer agent, has been shown to improve symptoms in @entity2210 @entity1 . We examined the effects of ES on GAR in @entity1 and on NO synthesis in vitro. METHODS: GAR was measured by US in 14 subjects, 8 of whom had a pressure sensor inserted into their stomach, after treatment with ES, placebo, or no drugs. NO was measured in SH-SY 5Y cells using a fluorescent indicator. @entity29962 ( @entity2821 , eNOS and @entity3623 , respectively) expressions were examined in SH-SY 5Y cells by Western blotting. RESULTS: Compared to placebo, ES induced significantly greater dilatation of the proximal stomach after the subjects drank 300-400 ml water (P < 0.05). After ES intake, the intragastric pressure did not change significantly, but it tended to be lower (n = 8; P = 0.15). ES increased NO production and @entity2821 expression, but not @entity3623 or eNOS expression, in SH-SY 5Y cells in vitro. Pretreatment with non-selective @entity3623 ( @entity3623 ) inhibitor, but not with @entity3623 -selective inhibitor, reduced NO production by ES. CONCLUSION: ES may promote GAR in @entity1 through @entity2821 -related NO; therefore, it may be useful for @entity1 with @entity2210 .

title: Ecabet sodium induces neuronal XXXX synthase-derived @entity842 synthesis and gastric adaptive relaxation in the @entity1 stomach.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity29961 :: ('MESH:C061681', 'Chemical') :: ['Ecabet sodium']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['Nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity2210 :: ('MESH:D004415', 'Disease') :: ['functional dyspepsia', 'FD']

entities_list: @entity29962 :: ('4842;4843', 'Gene') :: ['Neuronal, endothelial and inducible NO synthase']

answer: @entity842 :: (MESH:D009569,Chemical) :: ['nitric oxide']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We conducted this study to assess the clinical usefulness and physiologic effects of intravenous iloprost in @entity1 with @entity2407 secondary to @entity785 . METHODS: Thirty-five @entity1 with @entity2407 secondary to @entity785 , including 11 with @entity63 , were enrolled in a double blind placebo controlled parallel study in 2 centers. Following a 2 week washout, subjects received intravenous iloprost (0.5-2.0 ng/kg/min) or saline by continuous infusion for 6 h on 5 consecutive days. Clinical assessments, status of digital @entity1066 , measures of in vivo platelet activation and detailed studies of peripheral vascular response to cold challenge, were performed at entry, at 5 days of therapy and at biweekly intervals for 10 weeks. RESULTS: Complete healing of all cutaneous lesions ( @entity1066 , fissures, and @entity9252 ) was observed 10 weeks after treatment in 6 of 7 @entity1 receiving iloprost versus none of 4 receiving placebo (p = 0.015). @entity63 completely healed in all 4 @entity1 with @entity1066 in the iloprost group, but none in the placebo group (p = 0.029). @entity1 diaries of frequency, duration and symptoms of @entity2407 showed improvement in both groups. Critical @entity63 temperature (finger temperature during controlled cold challenge at which Raynaud's or loss of detectable digital blood flow occurred) progressively decreased in the iloprost group from 21.3 +/- 7.3 degrees C at baseline to a minimum of 16.1 +/- 3.2 degrees C at 8 weeks after treatment (p = 0.076), whereas no consistent changes were observed in the placebo group. Treatment was associated with improvement in the rate of skin temperature recovery following cold challenge. No changes were noted in ambient digital skin temperature, total digital blood flow, finger systolic pressure or in measures of in vivo platelet activation. One subject dropped out with @entity662 , but adverse effects of @entity390 , @entity391 , @entity10 and @entity158 were otherwise limited to the 5 days of drug infusion. CONCLUSION: Iloprost appears useful for the treatment of digital @entity1066 in @entity785 and is associated with evidence of prolonged physiologic improvement although the mechanism of this effect remains unclear.

title: Intravenous iloprost treatment of @entity2407 and XXXX @entity1066 secondary to @entity785 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['chest pain']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['Ischemic digital tip ulcers', 'digital ischemic ulcerations', 'ischemic']

entities_list: @entity9252 :: ('MESH:D010304', 'Disease') :: ['paronychia']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity2407 :: ('MESH:D011928', 'Disease') :: ["Raynaud's phenomenon"]

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity785 :: ('MESH:D012595', 'Disease') :: ['systemic sclerosis']

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['ischemic']


abstract: The tight junctions of the choroid plexus epithelium of @entity35 were studied by freeze- @entity174 . In @entity3584 -fixed material, the junctions exhibited rows of aligned particles and short bars on P-faces, the E-faces showing grooves bearing relatively many particles. A particulate nature of the junctional strands could be established by using unfixed material. The mean values of junctional strands from the lateral, third, and fourth ventricles of Lewis @entity35 were 7.5 +/- 2.6, 7.4 +/- 2.2, and 7.5 +/- 2.4; and of @entity35 7.7 +/- 3.4, 7.4 +/- 2.3, and 7.3 +/- 1.6. Examination of complementary replicas (of fixed tissue) showed that discomtinuities are present in the junctional strands: 42.2 +/- 4.6% of the length of measured P-face ridges were discontinuities, and the total amount of complementary particles in E-face grooves constituted 17.8 +/- 4.4% of the total length of the grooves, thus approximately 25% of the junctional strands can be considered to be discontinuous. The average width of the discontinuities, when corrected for complementary particles in E-face grooves, was 7.7 +/- 4.5 nm. In control experiments with a "tighter" tight junction (small intestine), complementary replicas revealed that the junctional fibrils are rather continuous and that the very few particles in E-face grooves mostly filled out discontinuities in the P-face ridges. Approximately 5% of the strands were found to be discontinuous. These data support the notion that the presence of pores in the junctional strands of the choroid plexus epithelium may explain the high transepithelial conductance in a "leaky" epithelium having a high number of junctional strands. However, loss of junctional material during fracturing is also considered as an alternative explanation of the present results.

title: Tight junctions in the choroid plexus epithelium. A freeze- XXXX study including complementary replicas.

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague-Dawley rats', 'rats']

entities_list: @entity3584 :: ('MESH:D005976', 'Chemical') :: ['glutaraldehyde']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['fracture']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To promote the broad use of video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) for lobectomy (VATSL) in the management of @entity2 , it should be proved cost-effective, especially in the current cost-sensitive climate. This study evaluated and compared the costs of VATSL and @entity1538 ( @entity1538 ) and analyzed how the surgeon's experience level with VATSL affected the cost. METHODS: In this study, 86 @entity1 in a VATSL group and 97 @entity1 in an @entity1538 group underwent surgery for @entity2 . Cost comparisons were performed for the VATSL and @entity1538 groups between @entity1 who had no complications and @entity1 with and without complications according to @entity5 location and the learning period of the surgeon. RESULTS: @entity260 occurred for 56 @entity1 (30.6%) (14 VATSL vs 42 @entity1538 @entity1 ; p < 0.05). @entity1 who underwent VATSL had significant reductions in both chest tube duration (5.4 vs 9.1 days; p = 0.000) and length of hospital stay (7.1 vs 12.0 days; p = 0.000). The mean operation time for VATSL was not significantly longer than for @entity1538 (145.8 vs 136.4 min; p = 0.782). The total hospital cost (i.e., that paid by the @entity1 and national insurance combined) was lower for VATSL than for @entity1538 according to comparisons both among all @entity1 ( 5,391 vs  5,593, respectively) and among only noncomplicated @entity1 ( 4,684 vs  4,769, respectively). In terms of @entity5 location, the total hospital cost for the VATSL group was lower than for the @entity1538 group when the surgery was performed on the right lower lobe (RLL), @entity1315 ( @entity1315 ), and left lower lobe (LLL). The costs were not significantly different between the two learning periods of the surgeons, except for the cost of anesthesia. CONCLUSIONS: In Korea, VATSL for @entity2 had lower complication rates, shorter hospital stays, and lower total hospital costs than @entity1538 .

title: Comparison of costs for video-assisted thoracic surgery lobectomy and XXXX for non-small cell lung cancer.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1538 :: ('MESH:D005902', 'Disease') :: ['OL', 'open lobectomy']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity1315 :: ('MESH:D004833', 'Disease') :: ['left upper lobe', 'LUL']

answer: @entity1538 :: (MESH:D005902,Disease) :: ['open lobectomy']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Educating the public to screen for vascular risk factors and have them treated is a major public health issue. We assessed the vascular risk factor awareness and frequency of treatment in a cohort of @entity1 with @entity1779 . METHODS: Data on awareness and pharmacological treatment of vascular risk factors before hospital admission of @entity1 with confirmed ischaemic @entity64 ( @entity64 ) were analyzed. A follow-up questionnaire assessed the frequency of treatment 1 year after discharge and assessed non-adherence to antithrombotic medication. RESULTS: At time of @entity64 / @entity64 , individual awareness regarding existing @entity101 , @entity6 , @entity407 and @entity955 ( @entity955 ) was 83%, 87%, 73% and 69% respectively (n = 558). Pharmacological treatment for @entity101 , @entity6 , @entity407 and @entity955 was being administered in 80%, 77%, 37% and 62% of @entity1 aware of their conditions. The follow-up was completed by 383 @entity1 (80% recall rate): of the @entity1 with @entity101 , @entity6 , @entity407 and @entity955 , 89%, 78%, 45% and 86% were receiving risk factor targeted medication. This represents a significant increase concerning @entity955 and @entity407 . Non-adherence to recommended antithrombotics (15%) was higher in @entity1 who had had a @entity64 . CONCLUSIONS: All risk factors leave room for improvement in screening and treatment efforts. Adherence to treatment is higher for @entity101 and @entity6 than for @entity407 . Education efforts should bear in mind less well recognized risk factors.

title: Vascular risk factor awareness before and pharmacological treatment before and after @entity64 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity407 :: ('MESH:D006949', 'Disease') :: ['hyperlipidemia']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'stroke/transient ischaemic attack', 'TIA']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation', 'AF']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral ischaemia']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['TIA']


abstract: hUCB-MSC ( @entity1 umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells) offer an attractive alternative to bone marrow-derived MSC for cell-based therapy by being less invasive a source of biological material. We have evaluated the effect of hUCB-MSC on the proliferation of K562 (an erythromyeloblastoid cell line) and the cytokine secretion pattern of hUCB-MSC. Co-culturing of hUCB-MSC and K562 resulted in inhibition of proliferation of K562 in a dose-dependent manner. However, the anti-proliferative effect was reduced in transwells, suggesting the importance of direct cell-to-cell contact. hUCB-MSC inhibited proliferation of K562, arresting them in the G0 /G1 phase. NO ( @entity842 ) was not involved in the hUCB-MSC-mediated @entity5 suppression. The presence of @entity650 ( @entity650 ) and @entity687 were obvious in the hUCB-MSC conditioned media, but no significant increase was found in 29 other cytokines. @entity1198 cytokines, @entity4020 ( @entity4020 ), Th2 cytokine @entity3646 and Th17 cytokine, @entity4155 were not secreted by hUCB-MSC. There was an increase in the number of hUCB-MSC expressing the latent membrane-bound form of @entity2533 co-cultured with K562. The anti-proliferative effect of hUCB-MSC was due to arrest of the growth of K562 in the G0 /G1 phase. The mechanisms underlying increased @entity650 and @entity687 secretion and @entity2533 ( @entity2533 ; @entity2533 ) by hUCB-MSC remains unknown.

title: XXXX umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB-MSC) inhibit the proliferation of K562 ( @entity1 erythromyeloblastoid leukaemic cell line).

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity2533 :: ('7040', 'Gene') :: ['LAP', 'TGFb1', 'latency-associated peptide']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Human']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: In vitro @entity379 ( @entity379 ) assays have emerged as novel alternatives to the @entity272 ( @entity272 ) for the diagnosis of @entity9178 ( @entity378 ) infection. These assays have been evaluated in low incidence countries, mainly in adults, and have been shown to be more specific than @entity272 . Because few studies have been done in high incidence countries, and because paediatric data are limited, we compared a whole-blood @entity379 assay with @entity272 among hospitalized Indian @entity1 . METHODS: Between July 2004 and June 2005, a total of 105 consecutively admitted @entity1 (median age 6 years; 82% had BCG scars) in whom @entity378 was suspected or had history of contact with an index case were recruited at a rural hospital in India. All @entity1 underwent @entity272 , and the QuantiFERON- @entity378 -Gold In Tube (QFT) assay. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of @entity378 was similar with both tests. With a @entity272 cut-off point of > or =10mm, 10 of 105 (9.5%; 95% CI 3.8, 15.2) @entity1 were @entity272 positive. With a cut-off point of @entity379 > or =0.35IU/ml, 11 of 105 (10.5%; 95% CI 4.5, 16.4) were QFT positive. The concordance between @entity272 and QFT was substantial (agreement 95.2%; kappa [kappa] 0.73; 95% CI for kappa 0.53, 0.92). Agreement between @entity272 and QFT results was 100% (kappa 1.0) in BCG scar-negative @entity1 as compared to 94% (kappa 0.63) in scar-positive @entity1 . BCG was not associated with the results of either @entity272 or QFT (P>0.05 for both tests). The number of @entity1 with bacteriologically confirmed active @entity378 was too small to permit the estimation of sensitivity of the tests. CONCLUSIONS: In a rural, predominantly BCG-vaccinated paediatric population in India, the @entity272 and QFT assay produced comparable results. BCG vaccination did not significantly affect either @entity272 or QFT results. Larger studies are needed to compare the sensitivity of the @entity379 assay with that of the @entity272 in @entity1 with bacteriologically and/or clinically confirmed @entity378 .

title: Comparison of a whole blood @entity379 assay with tuberculin skin testing for the detection of @entity378 infection in hospitalized XXXX in rural India.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity9178 :: ('MESH:D055985', 'Disease') :: ['latent tuberculosis']

entities_list: @entity379 :: ('3458', 'Gene') :: ['interferon-gamma', 'IFN-gamma']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['tuberculin skin test', 'TST']

entities_list: @entity378 :: ('MESH:D014376', 'Disease') :: ['TB infection', 'TB']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Insulin resistance (IR) is reportedly involved in the progression of @entity157 ( @entity157 ). Because @entity2295 plays an important role in @entity157 , including hepatocarcinogenesis, an angiostatic therapy would be a promising approach for chemoprevention against @entity157 . The aim of the present study was to examine the combined effect of clinically used branched-chain @entity1522 (BCAAs) and an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE-I), in conjunction with @entity2295 , on hepatocarcinogenesis under the condition of IR. METHODS: The combined effect of the treatment on the development of liver enzyme-altered @entity1613 , @entity7499 , and several indices was elucidated in obese @entity6 @entity35 . We also performed several sets of in vitro experiments to examine the mechanisms involved. RESULTS: When used individually, both BCAAs and ACE-I at clinically comparable low doses significantly attenuated the development of @entity1613 , along with the suppression of both @entity7499 and @entity6667 ( @entity6667 ) expression. The combination treatment with both agents exerted a more potent inhibitory effect than that of either single agent. Our in vitro study showed a similar combined effect on endothelial cell tubule formation. CONCLUSION: This combination regimen showed a marked chemopreventive effect against hepatocarcinogenesis, along with suppression of @entity2295 and @entity6667 expression, in obese @entity6 @entity35 . Because both BCAAs and ACE-Is are widely used in clinical practice, this combination therapy may represent a potential new strategy for chemoprevention against IR-based @entity157 in the future.

title: Attenuation of insulin-resistance-based hepatocarcinogenesis and XXXX by combined treatment with branched-chain @entity1522 and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor in obese @entity6 @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity7499 :: ('MESH:D016510', 'Disease') :: ['angiogenesis']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic']

entities_list: @entity2295 :: ('MESH:D015861', 'Disease') :: ['neovascularization']

entities_list: @entity1613 :: ('MESH:D011230', 'Disease') :: ['preneoplastic lesions']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'hepatocellular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity6667 :: ('83785(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor', 'VEGF']

answer: @entity7499 :: (MESH:D016510,Disease) :: ['angiogenesis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Hippocampal @entity194 is an early feature of @entity195 ( @entity195 ) but it has also been reported in @entity1294 ( @entity1294 ). It is uncertain whether hippocampal size can help differentiate the two disorders. METHODS: We assessed 90 @entity64 / @entity4905 @entity1 3-6 months after the event, and 75 control subjects, with neuropsychological tests, medical and @entity146 examination and brain MRI scans. A diagnosis of @entity1294 , vascular mild @entity73 (VaMCI) or no @entity73 (NCI) was reached by consensus on agreed criteria. T1-weighted MRI was used to obtain total intracranial volume (TICV), gray and white matter volume, CSF volume, hippocampus and amygdala volumes, and T2-weighted scans for @entity62 ( @entity62 ) ratings. RESULTS: @entity64 / @entity4905 @entity1 had more @entity62 ( @entity62 ), larger ventricle-to-brain ratios and smaller amygdalae than controls, but hippocampus size and gray and white matter volumes were not different. @entity62 and amygdala but not hippocampal volume distinguished @entity64 / @entity4905 @entity1 with @entity1294 and VaMCI and without NCI and amygdala volumes. Right hippocampus volume significantly correlated with new @entity227 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity64 / @entity4905 @entity1 and @entity1 with post- @entity64 VaMCI or mild @entity1294 do not have @entity194 . The amygdala is smaller in @entity64 / @entity4905 @entity1 , especially in those with @entity73 , and this may be accounted for by @entity62 . The hippocampus volume relates to episodic memory, especially right hippocampus and new @entity227 . A longitudinal study of these subjects will determine whether @entity194 is a late development in @entity1294 .

title: Hippocampal size and dementia in @entity64 @entity1 : the XXXX study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual learning']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'Stroke']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

entities_list: @entity1294 :: ('MESH:D015140', 'Disease') :: ['vascular dementia', 'VaD']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment']

entities_list: @entity194 :: ('MESH:D001284', 'Disease') :: ['atrophy', 'hippocampal atrophy']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['AD', "Alzheimer's disease"]

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['white matter lesions', 'WMH', 'WMHs', 'white matter hyperintensity', 'white matter hyperintensities']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['Sydney stroke']


abstract: The survival time of skin allografts from RhLA-nonidentical, unrelated donors was increased from a mean of 7.69 days in controls (n = 20) to a mean of 32.53 days in @entity2608 (n = 21) receiving a total dose of 250 mg of rabbit anti-human thymocyte globulin (RATG) per kg. Immunological monitoring studies were performed on the peripheral blood of mononuclear cells in control and treated monkeys. After administration of RATG, the percentage of E rosette-forming cells (E-RFC) was greater than 90% @entity308 , and the percentage of EAC rosette-forming cells was increased 5-fold in the circulation. Significant numbers of RATG-coated cells were detected only during the first week after RATG treatment. The percentage of E-RFC recovered to pretreatment levels within 3 to 4 weeks after RATG treatment, although the absolute E-RFC count remained @entity308 for 2 to 3 months. In addition, the in vitro proliferative responsiveness to polyclonal mitogens and to allogeneic lymphocytes remained greater than 80% @entity308 for 2 to 3 months after RATG treatment. The incidence of post-transplant-specific antidonor lymphocyte-mediated @entity137 (LMC) was similar in controls (85%) and RATG-treated monkeys (81%), and the appearance of LMC was correlated (r = 0.711) with partial recovery of absolute ERFC counts in the treated group. The appearance and peak of LMC were delayed (P less than 0.001) in RATG-treated monkeys, but preceded and correlated with rejection. Prior to rejection, the serum of RATG-treated monkeys inhibited LMC. Antibody-dependent cellular @entity137 appeared after rejection in the majority of recipients in both groups. The appearance and peak of @entity137 ( @entity137 ) were delayed (P less than than 0.001) in RATG-treated monkeys, but did not exhibit a significant correlation with the time of rejection.

title: Effect of rabbit anti-human thymocyte globulin on lymphocyte subpopulations and functions following allotransplantation in the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2608 :: ('9544', 'Species') :: ['rhesus monkeys']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressed']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['ADCC', 'antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity', 'cytotoxicity']

answer: @entity2608 :: (9544,Species) :: ['rhesus monkey']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Decompressive craniectomy (DC) is one of the most ardently debated topics in @entity131 ( @entity131 ) treatment. The aim of this study is to compare the differences between DC with and without mass evacuation in @entity1 with @entity131 . METHODS: From January 2005 to December 2009, 164 @entity1 underwent DC at our centre. Seventy-one of the 164 @entity1 underwent DC for @entity131 (group B). Ninety-three @entity1 underwent DC as part of an operation to treat a @entity66 (group A). @entity1 characteristics and post-operative outcomes were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: Thirty-six @entity1 died during this study (22.0%). Fifty-nine of these @entity1 (36.0%) remained either vegetative (n = 30) or severely disabled (n = 29). Sixty-nine @entity1 (42%) had a Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) score of 4 to 5. Three predictors were significantly related to 60-day mortality: age older than 50 years (odds ratio [OR], 2.36; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01-5.52), abnormal pupillary response to light (OR, 3.79; 95% CI, 1.29-11.14), and DC with mass evacuation (OR, 0.31; 95% CI, 0.12-0.79). Mortality differed substantially between @entity1 with (group A) and without (group B) mass evacuation (14.0% versus 32.4%). Only one predictor was significantly related to good outcome: Glasgow @entity772 Scale (GCS) score at admission: (OR, 2.43; and 95% CI, 1.39-4.24). CONCLUSIONS: DC for @entity1 with or without @entity66 has different @entity1 characteristics. DC with mass evacuation has lower mortality than DC without mass evacuation. Outcome prediction following DC should be adjusted according to mass evacuation.

title: Comparative study of decompressive craniectomy in @entity131 with or without XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['TBI', 'diffuse injury', 'traumatic brain injury']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['mass lesion']

answer: @entity66 :: (MESH:D004194,Disease) :: ['mass lesion']


abstract: Recurrent @entity363 affects @entity1 worldwide and the resistance to @entity5638 drugs may be an important factor. The extent of strain-to-strain variation within a species and its relationship to the ability of the organism to colonize the vulvovaginal mucosa is not well established. The aims of this study were to compare: (i) the genotypes of Candida strains in sequential @entity281 in @entity1 with recurrent @entity365 , (ii) the genotypes of strains in @entity1 with only one episode of @entity281 in a period of 1 year and (iii) determine the in vitro antifungal susceptibilities of strains that cause recurrent @entity365 . Fifty-one cultured specimens from six distinct Candida species were genotyped via random amplified polymorphic DNA-polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR) method using the @entity29189 and ERIC2 primers (ERIC, enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus). Statistical analyses allowed three different scenarios to be discerned for recurrent cases: (i) strain maintenance without genetic variation, (ii) strain maintenance with minor genetic variation and (iii) outright strain replacement. The genetic relatedness between strains from @entity1 with recurrent @entity365 and @entity1 with single episode of @entity365 were demonstrated by the dendogramme and the mean pairwise similarity coefficient S(AB) for the intergroup comparison was 0.223. However, intragroup genetic relatedness was slightly higher than intergroup comparison, with mean S(AB) of 0.261 and 0.331 for Groups I and II, respectively. A high proportion of Group I isolates (87.5%) causing recurrent @entity281 were resistant to @entity3102 , whereas 41.7% of these isolates were cross-resistant to both @entity1449 and @entity3102 as shown by the in vitro antifungal susceptibility test, especially for @entity7408 isolates. Pregnancy status of @entity1 displayed a highly significant association with @entity5132 species whereas non-albicans species had a markedly higher prevalence in non-pregnant @entity1 (p<0.001). These results may have a profound impact on the management of @entity365 , especially in recurrent cases.

title: Genotyping and drug resistance profile of Candida spp. in recurrent and one-off XXXX , and high association of non-albicans species with non-pregnant status.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity363 :: ('MESH:D002181', 'Disease') :: ['vulvovaginal candidiasis']

entities_list: @entity1449 :: ('MESH:D003022', 'Chemical') :: ['clotrimazole']

entities_list: @entity3102 :: ('MESH:D007654', 'Chemical') :: ['ketoconazole']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection', 'infections']

entities_list: @entity365 :: ('MESH:D014627', 'Disease') :: ['vaginitis', 'vaginal candidiasis']

answer: @entity365 :: (MESH:D014627,Disease) :: ['vaginitis']


abstract: Acupuncture treatment has been accepted worldwide. Many clinical trials have been conducted especially in @entity1337 . The present review includes almost all the important trials since 1970. Among all the @entity158 conditions, @entity282 , @entity615 , @entity626 and @entity2794 are the most popular topics. We found that there are diverse conclusions in each condition; however, most trials agree that acupuncture is an effective therapeutic strategy for @entity1337 . As with regard to the placebo effect, there is no consensus. In @entity2794 treatment, the placebo effect of acupuncture seems to be large. However, in @entity571 , the placebo effect is minimal. Another issue is the non-specific physiologic response to piercing the skin. We believe that this effect produces @entity1337 in some @entity751 such as @entity615 . However, this effect is not superior to the specific therapeutic effect of acupuncture based on TCM theory in all the @entity158 conditions reviewed here. We also notice that the design of the sham acupuncture or the placebo has great impact on the result. Rigorous design can minimize the non-specific and placebo effects of acupuncture. Therefore, the real effect of acupuncture can be investigated well. We conclude that acupuncture is a proven treatment for relieving @entity158 . This conclusion is based on specific effects of acupuncture rather than placebo.

title: Review: acupuncture XXXX in clinical trials.

entities_list: @entity626 :: ('MESH:D020370', 'Disease') :: ['osteoarthritis of the knee']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity1337 :: ('MESH:D000699', 'Disease') :: ['analgesia']

entities_list: @entity615 :: ('MESH:D001416', 'Disease') :: ['lower back pain']

entities_list: @entity2794 :: ('MESH:D020773', 'Disease') :: ['chronic headache']

entities_list: @entity751 :: ('MESH:D013577', 'Disease') :: ['heterogeneous syndrome']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative pain']

answer: @entity1337 :: (MESH:D000699,Disease) :: ['analgesia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Transthoracic fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is an established and safe technique for diagnosis of @entity1514 . Computed tomography (CT) scan depicts clear anatomical details and provides access to any area of the body. It is, however, expensive and the needle is not passed in real time. Ultrasound is cheaper, radiation free, and allows real time monitoring. Its limitations are obscurement of lesions by aerated lung, smaller, deep seated, and cavitary lesions. AIMS: This study aims to compare sensitivity and specificity of CT scan and ultrasonography (USG) in thoracic FNAC. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted on @entity1 who presented with @entity1514 in lungs, mediastinum, hilar lymph nodes, thoracic vertebrae, paraspinal soft tissue, and pleura. One hundred and twenty @entity1 were studied. Only those cases in which sonographic guidance was not possible were taken up for CT guided FNAC. The lesions were assigned to benign and malignant categories and into specific diagnoses where possible. Biopsy correlation was available in 113 cases. @entity1 were lost to follow-up in five lung and two mediastinal masses. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Statistical tests applied included diagnostic tests for sensitivity and specificity. RESULTS: An accuracy of 70.8% was found for image guided FNACs with a sensitivity and specificity of 92.2% and 100%, respectively. CT had a sensitivity of 93.2% and specificity of 100%. For USG guidance, the same was 91.3% and 100%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Precision of USG and CT scan is comparable for guidance in FNAC from @entity1514 .

title: Evaluation of precision of guidance techniques in image guided fine needle aspiration cytology of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity1514 :: ('MESH:D013896', 'Disease') :: ['thoracic mass lesions']

answer: @entity1514 :: (MESH:D013896,Disease) :: ['thoracic mass lesions']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the 3-year outcomes of a nurse-led, one-stop, 2-week rule (TWR) clinic for suspected @entity14 ( @entity14 ) in a large teaching hospital. METHOD: Data were collected prospectively from January 2002 to December 2004. In total, 2748 @entity1 were seen over the 3-year period. The ratio of male:female subjects was 1190:1558 (43%:57%). Median age at presentation was 66 years (range 17-96). RESULTS: A total of 1363 (49.6%) nonconforming referrals were made; 1300 @entity1 (47.3%) underwent flexible sigmoidoscopy during their initial assessment in clinic; 1439 @entity1 (52.4%) underwent a barium enema during the course of their investigation; 2503 @entity1 (91.1%) were seen within 14 working days. The median overall wait for the initial clinic appointment was 10 days. The annual number of @entity1 seen was similar over the 3-year period. @entity5 (6.3%) were identified which accounted for 36.4% of all CRCs diagnosed during the study period. Nineteen @entity5 presented in the nonconforming group (1.6% of all non-conforming @entity1 ). @entity5 accounted for 59.8% (n = 104) of all @entity5 diagnosed while right-sided @entity5 accounted for only 10.9% (n = 19). @entity5 accounted for 73.0% (n = 127) of the total; 133 (76.4%) @entity5 @entity1 underwent some form of surgical intervention. CONCLUSION: A specialist nurse-led, one-stop TWR clinic for suspected @entity14 is sustainable and can be run successfully with over 90% of referrals seen within the targeted time period. The proportion of non-conforming referrals was high and a large number of advanced and unstaged @entity5 was observed. Low numbers of proximal @entity5 were detected.

title: Outcomes in 2748 XXXX referred to a colorectal two-week rule clinic.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Advanced tumours', 'cancers', 'cancer', 'A total of 174 cancers', 'tumours', 'Rectal tumours']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['CRC', 'colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Since the introduction of calcineurin inhibitors, there has been a significant improvement in the results of solid organ transplantation, including graft and @entity1 survival. However, high cost, chronic nephrotoxicity and other side effects stand as major challenges for long-term use of these drugs. The long-term safety and financial benefits of the combination @entity3102 - @entity205 previously studied. However, data about the effect of the addition of @entity3102 addition to @entity1140 -treated @entity1 are scarce. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the safety and financial impact of that combination. METHODS: The subjects of this work included 70 live-donor stable kidney transplant recipients receiving @entity1140 . Their age ranged from 16 to 45 years. Among them, 54 were males and 16 were females. All of them were 6 months or more post-transplantation. @entity1 were randomly divided into two equal groups. Group I @entity1 initially received @entity3102 100 mg/day in addition to their usual treatment, while group II @entity1 were considered a control. @entity1 were followed-up for 6 months. RESULTS: Concomitant @entity3102 - @entity1140 resulted in marked reduction of @entity1140 dose (by 58.7%) and cost (by 56.9%). It also resulted in significant improvement in graft function and @entity364 , in addition to a decrease of @entity344 and hospitalization. CONCLUSION: We conclude that @entity3102 - @entity1140 combination in kidney transplant recipients is safe, has outstanding impact on treatment costs and improves @entity1 and graft outcome.

title: Co-administration of XXXX to @entity1140 -treated kidney transplant recipients: a prospective randomized study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal episodes']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporine']

entities_list: @entity364 :: ('MESH:D009181', 'Disease') :: ['fungal skin infection']

entities_list: @entity1140 :: ('MESH:D016559', 'Chemical') :: ['tacrolimus']

answer: @entity3102 :: (MESH:D007654,Chemical) :: ['ketoconazole']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Proctectomy after hepatectomy, or the reverse approach, is an alternative to traditional sequencing for advanced liver metastases with asymptomatic @entity14 . We sought to evaluate the surgical morbidity of proctectomy for @entity14 after previous liver surgery. METHODS: A single-institution colorectal database was queried for @entity1 treated with proctectomy after previous hepatectomy from 2003 to 2011. Reverse-approach @entity1 (n = 31) were matched 1:2 with a cohort of standard proctectomy @entity1 (n = 62) using operation, age, gender, and surgeon. Perioperative factors were analyzed by univariate/multivariate models for associations with complications graded by Dindo-Clavien criteria. RESULTS: Thirty-one @entity1 with @entity420  <= 20 cm from the anal verge underwent proctectomy after hepatectomy. Median time from hepatectomy to proctectomy was 5.1 months. Median @entity5 distance was 8.5 cm. Before proctectomy, @entity1 underwent 28 (90 %) major hepatectomies and 7 (22 %) portal vein embolizations. There were no perioperative @entity204 . Reverse-approach @entity1 did not differ from control @entity1 in operation, demographics, body mass index (BMI), comorbidities, @entity5 distance, operative time, estimated @entity190 , length of stay, or complication rates (p > 0.05). Grade 2 or higher complications developed in 42 % of reverse-approach and 27 % of standard proctectomies (p = 0.17). Grade 3 or higher complications developed in 10 % and 8 %, respectively (p = 1.00). Independent predictors of complications of grade 2 or higher were BMI >= 30 kg/m(2) (p = 0.007), operative time >= 300 min (p = 0.012), intraoperative transfusion (p = 0.044), concurrent procedures (p = 0.024), and age >= 50 years (p = 0.030). CONCLUSIONS: Risk factors for morbidity of staged proctectomy are similar to those for standard proctectomy. In selected @entity1 , the reverse-approach proctectomy is safe with acceptable morbidity.

title: Morbidity of staged proctectomy after hepatectomy for XXXX : a matched case-control analysis.

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal primary tumors', 'colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: To describe cases of @entity86 in the European Society of Cataract _ Refractive Surgeons (ESCRS) study of the prophylaxis of @entity3225 , compare characteristics of unproven cases and cases proven by culture or polymerase chain reaction, and compare the characteristics with those in other reported series. SETTING: Twenty-four ophthalmology units in Austria, Belgium, Germany, Italy, Poland, Portugal, Spain, @entity233 , and the United Kingdom. METHODS: Univariable and multivariable logistic regression models were used to analyze data for statistical association of signs and symptoms in cases with proven or unproven @entity3225 . Specific data describing characteristics of the cases were compared between the 2 types of cases. RESULTS: Data from 29 @entity3225 cases were analyzed. Swollen lids and @entity158 were statistically associated with proven cases of @entity3225 on univariable regression analysis. Multivariable analysis indicated that swollen lids and an opaque vitreous were associated with proven cases. Five cases of @entity3225 occurred in the @entity2261 -treated groups. No case of @entity883 occurred in the @entity2261 -treated groups. However, cases of infection due to streptococci showed striking differences in visual acuity and were associated with earlier onset. Characteristics in the 29 cases parallel results in previous studies, such as the @entity3225 Vitrectomy Study, although the addition of a control group in the ESCRS study elicited additional findings. CONCLUSION: Swollen lids, @entity158 , and an opaque vitreous were statistically associated with proven @entity3225 cases in the ESCRS study.

title: Clinical observations associated with proven and unproven cases in the ESCRS study of prophylaxis of XXXX after cataract surgery.

entities_list: @entity2261 :: ('MESH:D002444', 'Chemical') :: ['cefuroxime']

entities_list: @entity883 :: ('MESH:D013290', 'Disease') :: ['streptococcal infection']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative endophthalmitis']

entities_list: @entity3225 :: ('MESH:D009877', 'Disease') :: ['endophthalmitis', 'Endophthalmitis']

answer: @entity86 :: (MESH:D019106,Disease) :: ['postoperative endophthalmitis']