abstract: The authors report the occurrence of @entity432 due to @entity3562 without significant underlying @entity731 . This unique observation supports the potential of @entity3562 to induce @entity715 and the independence of the @entity715 from @entity3562 's associated @entity731 . The case demonstrates the clinical relevance of the effects of @entity3562 on @entity3459 cascade. A 42-year-old @entity1 who lacked signs of classic @entity7611 developed disseminated @entity715 with a 24-hour urine @entity1255 concentration of 384 mg, twelve times the upper limit of normal. @entity715 was present in the aortic arch and its major branches and in the mesenteric arteries and veins. A fatal @entity64 resulted from the @entity715 . Autopsy revealed minimal @entity731 and no complicated plaques. This case demonstrates an expanded role of @entity3562 in clinically significant @entity432 . Serum @entity1255 concentration determination may be a factor in the evaluation of a @entity49 state. @entity3562 should be considered when evaluating arterial or @entity49 in a young @entity1 regardless of whether @entity731 or other signs of abnormal @entity1255 metabolism are present.

title: @entity1255 associated XXXX and disseminated @entity715 --a case report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'person']

entities_list: @entity7611 :: ('MESH:D006712', 'Disease') :: ['homocystinuria']

entities_list: @entity1255 :: ('MESH:D006710', 'Chemical') :: ['homocysteine']

entities_list: @entity49 :: ('MESH:D019851', 'Disease') :: ['venous thrombosis', 'hypercoagulable']

entities_list: @entity3459 :: ('MESH:D025861', 'Disease') :: ['the coagulation']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['vascular occlusion']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis', 'atherosclerotic disease']

entities_list: @entity3562 :: ('MESH:D020138', 'Disease') :: ['hyperhomocysteinemia', 'Hyperhomocysteinemia']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis', 'Thrombosis']

answer: @entity49 :: (MESH:D019851,Disease) :: ['hypercoagulability']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Randomized placebo-controlled phase III trials failed to show a survival benefit with the addition of @entity4562 to @entity902 -based combination chemotherapy as first-line therapy in unselected @entity1 with advanced @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ). We conducted a retrospective analysis of the outcome in never smokers with advanced @entity1149 who received @entity136 - @entity3003 - @entity4562 (GCI) as first-line therapy and compared these @entity1 with a historical control group who received @entity136 - @entity3003 (GC) alone in our center. METHODS: Never-smoker @entity1 with chemonaive stage IIIB or IV @entity1149 were treated with GCI. These @entity1 were compared with a historical control group of never smokers who had been treated with GC alone as the first-line therapy. RESULTS: A total of 80 @entity1 were reviewed: 51 @entity1 were treated with GCI and 29 with GC. Most @entity1 were @entity1 , and @entity420 was the most common histologic subtype. The response rate for @entity1 in the GCI group was 62.7% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 48.08-75.87), which was higher than that of the GC group, 27.6% (95% CI = 12.73-47.24). The GCI group showed a significant improvement in progression-free survival compared with the GC group (hazard ratio of 0.19, 95% CI = 0.105-0.351, p < 0.001). The median overall survival for the @entity1 on GCI was 20.5 months compared 14.1 months (p = 0.05) for @entity1 on GC. CONCLUSION: The addition of @entity4562 to first-line chemotherapy improved progression-free survival and overall survival when used as a first-line therapy in never smokers with advanced @entity1149 in this retrospective study. A prospective randomized phase III study is needed to confirm this finding.

title: XXXX in combination with @entity136 and @entity3003 in never smokers with @entity1149 : a retrospective analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4562 :: ('MESH:C419708', 'Chemical') :: ['gefitinib']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['platinum']

entities_list: @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['carboplatin']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['gemcitabine']

answer: @entity4562 :: (MESH:C419708,Chemical) :: ['Gefitinib']


abstract: Histologically, the marginal zone pattern of the lymph node is characterized by lymphoid follicles with three distinct layers. The inner layer is composed of follicular center zones, the middle layer of darkly stained mantle zones, and the outer layer of marginal zones. However, the marginal zone pattern is rarely seen in reactive lymph nodes except for mesenteric lymph nodes. We describe the clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical and genotypic findings of six cases of reactive follicular @entity1373 exhibiting the marginal zone pattern. The @entity1 comprised three males and three females (age range 24 to 63 years; medium 56 years). Follow-up data were obtained from five @entity1 . None of them developed @entity706 during the follow-up period of from 5 to 204 months (median 68 months). Histologically, the lesion was characterized by numerous lymphoid follicles and partial distortion of lymph node structure. Varying degrees of progressive transformation of the germinal center (PTGC) were noted in the four cases. The marginal zone pattern was observed in some or most of the lymphoid follicles including PTGC. The marginal zone B cells were small to medium-sized lymphocytes with round or slightly indented nuclei and a broad rim of pale cytoplasm. Some of them had a monocytoid appearance. They were @entity2225 +, @entity7571 +, sIgM+/-, sIgD-, @entity5893 -, @entity2282 -, @entity10911 -, @entity7527 -, @entity12910 -, CD45RO-, @entity4042 -, @entity4910 -, EMA- and @entity876 -. A portion of them were @entity588 positive. Occasional large lymphoid cells with round or indented nuclei and moderate amounts of cytoplasm were observed in the marginal zone in four cases. These large lymphoid cells were usually @entity2225 positive, but @entity4042 negative. A small number of them contained polytypic intracytoplasmic immunoglobulins. The polytypic nature of B lymphocytes was demonstrated by immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction. Recognition of unusual marginal zone @entity1373 in reactive lymph node lesions is important to avoid confusion with nodal involvement in various low-grade B cell lymphomas presenting a marginal zone distribution pattern.

title: XXXX presenting with a marginal zone pattern in a reactive lymph node lesion.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['malignant lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity1373 :: ('MESH:D006965', 'Disease') :: ['hyperplasia']

answer: @entity1373 :: (MESH:D006965,Disease) :: ['Follicular hyperplasia']


abstract: Adenoviral oncolysis is a promising new modality for treatment of @entity5 based on selective viral replication in @entity5 cells. However, @entity5 cell killing by adenoviral oncolysis needs to be improved to achieve therapeutic benefit in the clinic. Towards this end, the activation of anti- @entity5 immunity by adenoviral oncolysis might constitute a potent mechanism for systemic killing of uninfected @entity5 cells, thereby effectively complementing direct @entity5 cell killing by the virus. Knowledge of anti- @entity5 immune induction by adenoviral oncolysis, however, is lacking mostly due to species-specificity of adenovirus replication, which has hampered studies of @entity1 oncolytic adenoviruses in animals. We suggest the analysis of interactions of oncolytic adenoviruses with @entity1 immune cells as rational basis for the implementation of adenoviral oncolysis-induced anti- @entity5 immune activation. The goal of our study was to investigate how oncolytic adenoviruses affect @entity1 dendritic cells (DCs), key regulators of innate and adoptive immunity that are widely investigated as @entity5 vaccines. We report that @entity320 -directed oncolytic adenoviruses, like replication-deficient adenoviruses but unlike adenoviruses with unrestricted replication potential, are not toxic to monocyte-derived immature DCs and do not block DC maturation by external stimuli. Of note, this is in contrast to reports for other viruses/viral vectors and represents a prerequisite for anti- @entity5 immune activation by adenoviral oncolysis. Furthermore, we show that these oncolytic adenoviruses alone do not or only partially induce DC maturation. Thus additional signals are required for optimal immune activation. These could be delivered, for example, by inserting immunoregulatory transgenes into the oncolytic adenovirus genome.

title: Modulation of viability and maturation of XXXX monocyte-derived dendritic cells by oncolytic adenoviruses.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'tumor']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: 1. The haemodynamic and hormonal responses of four @entity1 with acute post-surgical @entity1458 (urine output < 0.5 mL/kg per h) were measured in response to the @entity916 inhibitor enalkiren. Enalkiren was infused at 0.01 up to 0.1 mg/kg per h for up to 4 h. 2. Enalkiren infusion was associated with a progressive @entity551 , clinically significant in three of the four @entity1 . Systemic vascular resistance fell in proportion to blood pressure fall. Cardiac output and pulse rate remained unchanged. Effective renal plasma flow rose in all four cases (236 +/- 19 to 327 +/- 38). There was no change in urine flow rate, or urinary @entity1372 excretion. 3. Plasma @entity916 activity (ng @entity2178 /mL per h) fell from 1.9 +/- 0.5 to 0.02 +/- 0.01 (P < 0.04), plasma @entity2178 (pg/mL) fell from 104 +/- 93 to 7.7 +/- 1.5, and plasma @entity1369 (ng/dL) fell from 32 +/- 8 to 21 +/- 9 (P = 0.03) at the highest infusion dose. 4. Enalkiren inhibited plasma @entity916 activity with reduced plasma @entity2178 and @entity1369 concentrations. This was associated with vasodilation, reduced blood pressure and maintained cardiac output. There was no beneficial effect on renal function in these @entity1 with post-surgical @entity1458 .

title: Haemodynamic, renal and hormonal responses to enalkiren in four @entity1 with post-surgical XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1369 :: ('MESH:D000450', 'Chemical') :: ['aldosterone']

entities_list: @entity2178 :: ('183', 'Gene') :: ['angiotensin I', 'angiotensin II']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['fall in blood pressure']

answer: @entity1458 :: (MESH:D009846,Disease) :: ['oliguria']


abstract: SCOPE:: Formula-derived Dietary Advanced Glycation End products (AGEs) may promote programming of @entity32 and oxidative stress in the kidney of intrauterine @entity851 (IUGR) piglets. METHODS AND RESULTS:: IUGR piglets received either a Low Temperature Heated Formula (LHF: n = 8) or a High Temperature Heated Formula (HHF: n = 8) or suckled naturally for 3 weeks postnatally. Then they were fed with normal ad libutum regular diet. N   carboxymethyllysine (CML) was measured in plasma, feces and formula by @entity15 . CML was detected by immunofluoresence in kidney cells. Target renin-angiotensin, apoptotic, proinflammatory genes, @entity10407 NF-kB and sRAGE levels were quantified. Compared with that in controls, free CML and plasma urea increased significantly in the HHF fed group at PND36 (P<0.05). CML was detected in nuclei of renal tubular cells of fed formula piglets but not in suckled ones. This presence of CML was associated with the activation of the soluble sRAGE. @entity7743 , @entity19496 , @entity522 , @entity8186 , NF-kB, @entity10407 NF-kB and total protein oxidation in kidney were higher in HHF fed group as compared to LHF fed group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION:: Food processes aimed at reducing the concentration of AGEs in @entity1 formula are urgently needed and may be therapeutically relevant for premature and/or IUGR babies. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Formula derived Advanced Glycation End products are involved in the development of long-term XXXX and oxidative stress in kidney of IUGR piglets.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['growth retarded']

answer: @entity32 :: (MESH:D007249,Disease) :: ['inflammation']


abstract: Most primary @entity320 on the distal upper extremity metastasize to a sentinel lymph node (SLN) in the axillary basin, but occasionally a primary @entity320 will drain to the epitrochlear basin. The relationship between @entity5 -draining axillary and epitrochlear SLNs is unclear. We hypothesize that the epitrochlear SLN functions in an interval manner with the axillary lymph node basin. We queried our @entity320 database to identify @entity1 who underwent SLN biopsy for a distal @entity320 . @entity1 demographics, @entity5 characteristics, patterns of nodal drainage, and incidence of SLN @entity3 were analyzed. Of 255 @entity1 identified, 38 (14.9%) had an epitrochlear SLN. Mean Breslow thickness was 2.26 mm. All @entity1 with epitrochlear drainage had concurrent axillary drainage and underwent axillary and epitrochlear SLN biopsies. Of these 38 @entity1 , two (5.2%) had epitrochlear and axillary SLN @entity3 , four (10.5%) had epitrochlear @entity3 only, four (10.5%) had axillary @entity3 only, and the remaining 28 (73.7%) had @entity5 -free SLNs. The invariable association of epitrochlear and axillary drainage in this study suggests that epitrochlear nodes function in an interval role with the axillary lymph node basin. Therefore we recommend that all @entity1 with a positive epitrochlear SLN undergo completion axillary dissection.

title: Epitrochlear sentinel lymph nodes in XXXX : interval or independent?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma', 'upper-extremity melanoma', 'melanomas']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity320 :: (MESH:D008545,Disease) :: ['melanoma']


abstract: A 62-year-old @entity1 diagnosed as dissecting @entity439 ( @entity16337 ) with visceral is chemia was transferred to our hospital. He had suffered from @entity490 and the absence of right femoral pulse. Emergent laparotomy revealed no evidence of @entity1188 . Right axillo-femoral bypass was performed. However, @entity63 gradually progressed. Enhanced CT and angiography showed that celiac artery and supramesenteric artery (SMA) were collapsed. He underwent graft replacement of thoracoabdominal aorta involving visceral arteries with femoro-femoral bypass with a centrifugal pump as an ajunct. The visceral arteries were reconstructed. Postoperative CT revealed sufficient @entity450 . He recovered well without complication and then discharged.

title: [A case report of extended thoracoabdominal graft repair for dissecting @entity439 ( XXXX ) with @entity63 ].

entities_list: @entity16337 :: ('MESH:D009084', 'Disease') :: ['DeBakey type IIIb']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['visceral ischemia']

entities_list: @entity450 :: ('MESH:D006940', 'Disease') :: ['flow of branch arteries']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['visceral infarction']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

answer: @entity16337 :: (MESH:D009084,Disease) :: ['DeBakey Type IIIb']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Most @entity1 with @entity99 ( @entity99 ) spontaneously recover, but a few @entity1 experience complications. This study was carried out to examine clinical features of @entity99 complicated with @entity810 ( @entity810 ). METHOD: Medical records of 404 @entity1 with @entity99 were reviewed. Clinical features of @entity99 @entity1 with @entity810 (group A) were compared with those of @entity99 @entity1 without @entity810 (group B). RESULT: @entity810 complication was present in 11 @entity1 (3%). There were no differences between group A and B in sex ratio and age. Microscopic @entity811 (7 cases), @entity644 (7 cases), @entity520 (4 cases), @entity1458 (4 cases), @entity3126 (3 cases) and @entity4144 (2 cases) were found in group A. The prevalence of heavy @entity167 drinking (64% vs 3%, p<0.001) and @entity6 (18% vs 1%, p=0.01) was higher in group A than B. The peak value of ALT (median: 4,290 IU/L vs 1,266 IU/L, p=0.006) and total @entity648 (median: 10.8 mg/dL vs 6.0 mg/dL, p=0.001) was higher in group A than B. Duration of admission was longer in group A than B (median: 14 days vs 5 days, p<0.001). Four @entity1 of group A recovered with renal replacement therapy, while 7 @entity1 recovered with conservative treatment. CONCLUSIONS: The @entity99 @entity1 with @entity810 experienced more severe @entity99 than those without @entity810 , but they had a good prognosis with the proper treatment.

title: [Clinical features of XXXX complicated with @entity810 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity3126 :: ('MESH:D011654', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary edema']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity648 :: ('MESH:D001663', 'Chemical') :: ['bilirubin']

entities_list: @entity520 :: ('MESH:D000138', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic acidosis']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['ARF', 'acute renal failure']

entities_list: @entity811 :: ('MESH:D006417', 'Disease') :: ['hematuria']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatitis', 'acute viral hepatitis A', 'AVHA']

entities_list: @entity4144 :: ('MESH:D006947', 'Disease') :: ['hyperkalemia']

answer: @entity99 :: (MESH:D056486,Disease) :: ['acute viral hepatitis A']


abstract: Pharyngotonsillitis in @entity1 is widely treated with antibiotics. AIM: To examine tonsil surface and core microflora following elective adenotonsillectomy in @entity1 . METHODS: Tonsils of 102 Trinidadian @entity1 were prospectively examined for surface and core bacteriological culture and identification between 2005-2006. RESULTS: Tonsils (360) yielded 800 isolates of @entity4195 @entity5645 . (51.3%), Staphylococcus @entity5645 . (42.3%) and Gram-negative genera (6.4%). Surface and core recovery of staphylococci and streptococci were similar (p>0.05). More (p<0.001) surfaces (82.2%) than cores (63.3%) grew @entity4195 @entity5645 .; alpha-haemolytic @entity4195 prevalence was higher (p<0.001) than ss-haemolytic @entity4195 on surfaces (74.4% vs. 18.6%) than cores (58.9% vs. 13.7%). Surfaces and cores were not concordant for streptococci (p<0.0004) and alpha-haemolytic @entity4195 (p<0.007). Surface and core ss-haemolytic @entity4195 yield was higher (p<0.05) in 6-16 than 1-5 year olds (31% and 23.8% vs 12.5% and 8%). @entity4195 surface and core prevalence was (84.6% vs 70%) and (50.0% vs 25.0%) in older and younger @entity1 respectively. @entity4005 @entity5645 . (6.6 %, 2.2%), @entity795 (4.4%, 4.4%) and Pseudomonas (4.4 %, 1.1%) grew on surfaces and cores respectively. CONCLUSION: Tonsil surfaces yield higher surface than core carriage for streptococci overall and for alpha haemolytic streptococci. Older @entity1 grow more beta-haemolytic streptococci and are high colonizers of @entity4195 . Studies probing the mechanisms of streptococcal adhesions in Trinidadian @entity1 are suggested.

title: Selected bacterial recovery in Trinidadian XXXX with chronic tonsillar disease.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity4195 :: ('1314', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus', 'S. pyogenes']

entities_list: @entity4005 :: ('MESH:D007710', 'Disease') :: ['Klebsiella']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect on the international normalized ratio (INR) of adding @entity4580 to @entity1 receiving stable dosages of @entity1229 . DESIGN: Retrospective chart review. SETTING: Outpatient clinic. @entity1 : Ambulatory @entity1 receiving @entity1229 and @entity4580 concurrently who had a documented therapeutic INR value before the start of @entity4580 therapy (pre-INR) and a documented INR value within 30 days after the start of @entity4580 therapy (post-INR). MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: @entity1 given @entity10202 during long-term @entity1229 therapy formed a comparative control group. @entity1 demographics were similar in both treatment groups. Mean age of the @entity4580 group (17 @entity1 ) was 59 +/- 13 years and of the control group (20 @entity1 ) 65 +/- 12 years. All 17 @entity1 in the @entity4580 group and 16 of the controls were @entity1 . Mean change from pre-INR to post-INR in the @entity4580 and control groups, respectively, was 0.14 +/- 0.64 (pre-INR 2.46, post-INR 2.61) and 0.19 +/- 0.54 (pre-INR 2.46, post-INR 2.66) (p = 0.74). A post hoc power analysis based on a pooled standard deviation of 0.60 revealed that the study had 68% power to detect a 0.5 change in the INR value. CONCLUSION: No interaction between @entity4580 and @entity1229 was observed in ambulatory @entity1 with therapeutic baseline INR values.

title: Determination of the lack of a drug interaction between XXXX and @entity1229 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity10202 :: ('MESH:D015736', 'Chemical') :: ['felodipine']

entities_list: @entity4580 :: ('MESH:D017963', 'Chemical') :: ['azithromycin']

entities_list: @entity1229 :: ('MESH:D014859', 'Chemical') :: ['warfarin']

answer: @entity4580 :: (MESH:D017963,Chemical) :: ['azithromycin']


abstract: The utility of intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT) as an adjuvant to the surgical resection of @entity788 was studied. In 1976, as our first trial with this combined therapy, we applied IORT with 30 Gy of electron beam with 8 MeV to 15 @entity1 to prevent local recurrence around the celiac axis and superior mesenteric artery after standard pancreatectomy. However, the combined therapy did not show an improvement in survival rate as compared to that of 19 @entity1 with standard operation alone. Autopsies of three @entity1 with the combined therapy did not show involved lymph nodes in the radiation field, but did show local recurrence around the aorta outside the radiation field. By comparison, we performed extended operation without IORT on nine @entity1 , with almost complete dissection of the lymph nodes around the aorta, from the diaphragm to the level of the inferior mesenteric artery. This extended surgery did not improve survival time, and autopsy showed local recurrence in spite of the dissection of lymph nodes. Therefore, since 1984, we have performed IORT with a dose of 30 Gy, 9 MeV, and an extended radiation field from the diaphragm above to the inferior mesenteric artery below, following extended operation on 14 @entity1 . The five-year cumulative survival rate of these cases was 33.3%. Four autopsies showed improvement of local control rate. No radiation-related complications were noticed postoperatively in @entity1 who underwent extended IORT following pancreatectomy. We were encouraged to continue this approach for the cure of @entity788 .

title: Combination of intraoperative radiation with resection of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['cancer of the pancreas']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to determine outcomes in pregnant @entity1 with pre-existing @entity453 ( @entity453 ) or following an @entity1187 ( @entity1187 ) including @entity583 ( @entity583 ). BACKGROUND: The physiological changes of pregnancy can contribute to @entity296 . The pregnancy risk for @entity1 with pre-established @entity453 or a history of @entity1187 / @entity583 is not well studied. METHODS: This was a retrospective multicentre study. Adverse maternal cardiac, obstetric and fetal/neonatal events were examined. The primary outcome was a composite endpoint of @entity1167 , @entity1187 / @entity583 , @entity943 or @entity712 . The prevalence of new or progressive @entity951 during pregnancy was also examined. RESULTS: Fifty pregnancies in 43 @entity1 (mean age 35  5   years) were included. @entity453 (40%) and coronary @entity715 (36%) were the most common underlying diagnoses. The primary outcome occurred in 10% (5/50) of pregnancies and included one maternal death secondary to @entity1167 . Other events included @entity1187 / @entity583 (3/50) and @entity712 (1/50). New or progressive @entity951 occurred in 18% of pregnancies. Ischaemic complications of any type (new or progressive @entity951 , @entity1187 / @entity583 , @entity943 , @entity1167 ) occurred more commonly in @entity1 with @entity453 compared with those without (50% vs 10%, p=0.003). A high rate of adverse obstetric (16%) and fetal/neonatal (30%) events was observed. CONCLUSIONS: Pregnant @entity1 with pre-existing @entity453 or @entity1187 / @entity583 before pregnancy are at increased risk of adverse events during pregnancy. Those with @entity453 are at highest risk of adverse maternal @entity299 due to @entity296 during pregnancy.

title: Pregnancy risks in @entity1 with pre-existing XXXX , or following @entity1187 .

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['ACS', 'acute coronary syndrome']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial ischaemia']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure', 'heart failure']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'MI']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac events']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrest']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['CAD', 'coronary atherosclerosis', 'coronary artery disease', 'Coronary atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular arrhythmia']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombus']

answer: @entity453 :: (MESH:D003324,Disease) :: ['coronary artery disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6 is an important risk factor for development of @entity731 . @entity3657 ( @entity3657 ) which is mainly due to @entity731 has been associated with not only increased risk of lower limb amputation but also increased risk of morbidity and mortality from major cardiovascular events such as @entity64 and @entity583 . Information on the prevalence of @entity1095 is scanty in Nigeria. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of @entity3657 and risk factors associated with its development in adult Nigerians with @entity6 . METHODS: The study was cross-sectional. @entity1 were consecutively enrolled in the study between August 2009 and May 2010 from the Consultant out- @entity1 department, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin-City, Nigeria. @entity3657 was assessed in all the @entity1 using Ankle Brachial Index <0.9 in either leg. The Edinburgh Claudication Questionnaire was used to determine if @entity1 had symptomatic disease or not. RESULTS: Three hundred and eighty eight @entity6 @entity1 were enrolled in the study out of which 244 (62.9%) were females. The study showed that the prevalence of @entity3657 was 35.6% when diagnosed using Doppler ABI <0.9 in either leg. The ratio of symptomatic to asymptomatic disease was 1: 7.6. Advancing age, duration of @entity6 and concomitant @entity101 were important risk factors significantly associated with the disease. CONCLUSION: @entity3657 is not uncommon among type 2 @entity6 @entity1 in Nigeria and the majority were asymptomatic. Advancing age, duration of @entity6 and concomitant @entity101 were important risk factors identified.

title: XXXX : prevalence and risk factors among adult Nigerians with @entity6 .

entities_list: @entity1095 :: ('MESH:D016491', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral vascular disease']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity3657 :: ('MESH:D058729', 'Disease') :: ['Lower extremity peripheral artery disease', 'LEAD']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes', 'Diabetes mellitus', 'type 2 diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

answer: @entity3657 :: (MESH:D058729,Disease) :: ['Lower extremity peripheral artery disease']


abstract: This is the first gene transfer trial in Duchenne/Becker @entity1 . The aim of the study was to provide evidence on transgene expression and safety of the intramuscular administration of a plasmid containing a full-length @entity4714 CDNA. Nine Duchenne/Becker @entity1 , distributed in three cohorts of three @entity1 , were injected into their radialis muscles either once with 200 microg (first cohort) or 600 microg (second cohort) or twice, two weeks apart, with 600 microg plasmidic DNA (third cohort). The @entity1 were enrolled sequentially upon evaluation of the data by an independant pilot committee. In the biopsies taken three weeks after the initial injection from the injected site, the plasmid was detected in all @entity1 . An exogenous @entity4714 expression was found in 6/9 @entity1 . The level of expression was low, up to 6 % of weak complete sarcolemmal labelling, and up to 26% of partial sarcolemmal staining. @entity4714 in RNAs were detected by nested RT-PCR in five out of the six biopsies with exogenous @entity4714 -positive fibers. Interestingly, neither humoral or cellular antidystrophin responses were observed. No local or general adverse effects were seen. This paves the way for future developments in gene therapy in @entity74 , and specifically in @entity1555 .

title: [About a phase I gene therapy clinical trial with a full-length @entity4714 gene-plasmid in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1555 :: ('MESH:D020388', 'Disease') :: ['Duchenne/Becker myopathies']

entities_list: @entity4714 :: ('1756', 'Gene') :: ['Dystrophin', 'dystrophin']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['hereditary muscle diseases']

answer: @entity1555 :: (MESH:D020388,Disease) :: ['Duchenne/Becker muscular dystrophy']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The "initial values" principle of exercise training states those with the lowest initial values of a physiologic system have the greatest capacity for improvement in response to training. We sought to determine whether initial values predicted the musculoskeletal response to training in premenopausal @entity1 (N = 31) who participated in a 1-yr program of resistance and jump training designed to improve physical indices of @entity174 risk. Significant improvements in trochanteric @entity79 ( @entity79 ), hip abductor strength, power, and postural stability occurred in response to training. METHODS: To determine the predictive power of initial values, we performed separate stepwise regression analyses for each variable including the following dependent variables: age, initial value, highest weight lifted during training, and total number of exercise sessions attended. RESULTS: In each case, the initial value was the most significant predictor of percent change in response to training. Initial values explained 15-29% of the variance in the magnitude of the training response. For each unit lower @entity79 of the greater trochanter (0.01 g.cm-2), the training response was 12% greater. For each unit decrease in initial strength (1 N.m), power (1 W), and stability (1 SI unit), the training response was 1.0%, 0.2%, and 8.0% greater, respectively. When categorized by quartile of initial values, @entity1 in the lowest quartile had two- to fivefold greater improvements in musculoskeletal measures than those in the upper quartile. CONCLUSION: @entity1 who began training with the lowest initial values had the greatest improvements in hip @entity79 , hip abductor strength, leg power, and postural stability. These results support the training principle of initial values and suggest that this training program may be most successful in premenopausal @entity1 with lower values of musculoskeletal indices of @entity174 risk.

title: Musculoskeletal response to exercise is greatest in XXXX with low initial values.

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone mineral density', 'BMD']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: Determine the impact of nasal obstruction on efficacy, success, and adherence of Provent therapy in @entity1 with @entity27 ( @entity27 ). STUDY DESIGN: Prospective, two-arm, clinical pilot study at a single clinical site. METHODS: @entity1 with @entity27 who failed continuous positive airway pressure therapy were divided into two treatment arms: @entity487 were @entity1 with no complaints of nasal obstruction and <50% nasal obstruction on exam, and @entity489 were @entity1 with occasional complaints of nasal obstruction and 50% to 80% nasal obstruction on exam. Sleep testing at home was performed prior to the trial and on day 10 of the study with the use of Provent. RESULTS: @entity27 index (AHI) decreased significantly from 20.5        14.8 to 11.5        16.6 (P   <   .001) in our total @entity1 population. @entity1 in @entity487 had statistically significant improvement in their AHI (18.1        13.0 to 7.4        10.1, P   <   .001), @entity26 desaturation index (ODI) (16.3        10.8 to 8.2        9.0, P   <   .001), and minimum @entity26 saturation (81.3%        6.7% to 86.9%        5.6%, P   =   0.008) from baseline sleep study to sleep study 2. @entity1 in @entity489 had improvements in their AHI (23.4        16.6 to 16.5        21.4), ODI (21.5        14.8 to 17.0        16.0) and minimum 02 %. However, none of these reached statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, Provent therapy had a high failure rate. @entity1 without nasal obstruction showed greater improvements using Provent than @entity1 with obstruction. Correction of nasal obstruction may be a useful prerequisite for treatment with Provent. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 2B. Laryngoscope, 2015.

title: Provent therapy for XXXX : Impact of nasal obstruction.

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity27 :: ('MESH:D020181', 'Disease') :: ['obstructive sleep apnea', 'Apnea-hypopnea', 'OSA']

answer: @entity27 :: (MESH:D020181,Disease) :: ['obstructive sleep apnea']


abstract: @entity154 involved in @entity1635 consist of a jumble of @entity154 . Progressive scoliotic curves are frequently encountered in these @entity1 . We evaluated the results of hemi-epiphysiodesis for this @entity1 population. A series of ten @entity1 with unclassified @entity1635 , involving multiple hemivertebrae and/or bars, was reviewed retrospectively. Hemi-epiphysiodesis was the primary treatment in all @entity1 . Mortality, complications and wound healing problems did not occur. The average Cobb angle for all @entity1 changed from 54 degrees (range: 40 degrees -74 degrees), preoperatively, to 58 degrees (range: 30 degrees -104 degrees), postoperatively. Applying the criterion of a minimum change of 20 degrees, to take into account measurement variability, an epiphysiodesis effect was achieved in two procedures, progression was arrested in six procedures and failure occurred in two procedures. The mean rate of Cobb angle change per annum decreased from 2.9 degrees (range: -35 degrees to 14 degrees), preoperatively, to 2.4 degrees (range: -4 degrees to 13 degrees), following surgery. Repeat surgery was necessitated by coexisting progressive @entity1513 and @entity1516 in one @entity1 , and involved extension of primary epiphysiodesis in two @entity1 . A mean intervention-free period of 58 months was established. These results suggest that hemi-epiphysiodesis stabilized the unclassified @entity1635 . Being under 5 years of age, having a thoracolumbar curve location, and the absence of coexisting @entity1513 were found to be associated with a more favorable outcome.

title: Hemi-epiphysiodesis for unclassified XXXX : immediate results and mid-term follow-up.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['vertebral defects', 'Complex spinal anomalies']

entities_list: @entity1635 :: ('MESH:D012600', 'Disease') :: ['scoliosis', 'congenital scoliosis']

entities_list: @entity1516 :: ('MESH:D011542', 'Disease') :: ['pseudoarthrosis']

answer: @entity1635 :: (MESH:D012600,Disease) :: ['congenital scoliosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Reduced cortical gray-matter volume is commonly observed in @entity1 with @entity716 . Cortical volume is a composite measure that includes surface area, @entity121 and gyrification. These three indices show distinct maturational patterns and may be differentially affected by early adverse events. The study goal was to determine the impact of two distinct @entity532 ( @entity532 ) on cortical morphology. METHOD: A detailed birth history and MRI scans were obtained for 36 @entity1 with first-episode @entity716 and 16 healthy volunteers. RESULTS: Perinatal @entity519 and slow fetal growth were associated with cortical volume (Cohen's d  =  0.76 and d  =  0.89, respectively) in @entity1 . However, the pattern of associations differed across the three components of cortical volume. Both @entity519 and fetal growth were associated with cortical surface area (d  =  0.88 and d  =  0.72, respectively), neither of these two @entity532 was related to cortical @entity121 , and @entity519 but not fetal growth was associated with gyrification (d  =  0.85). No significant associations were found within the control sample. CONCLUSIONS: Cortical dysmorphology was associated with @entity532 . The use of a global measure of cortical morphology or a global measure of @entity532 obscured important relationships between these measures. Gyrification is complete before 2 years and its strong relationship with @entity519 suggests an early disruption to brain development. Cortical @entity121 matures later and, consistent with previous research, we found no association between @entity121 and @entity532 . Finally, cortical surface area is largely complete by puberty and the present results suggest that events during childhood do not fully compensate for the effects of early disruptive events.

title: Cortical morphology and early adverse birth events in @entity1 with first-episode XXXX .

entities_list: @entity532 :: ('MESH:D003925', 'Disease') :: ['obstetrical complications', 'OCs']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychosis']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['thickness']

answer: @entity716 :: (MESH:D011605,Disease) :: ['psychosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between @entity1593 and specific @entity308 and to identify potential common pathogenetic links, with particular regard to thyroid function and @entity792 . METHODS: Cases included 36 adult celiac @entity1 , 25 females and 11 males, aged 18-64 years. Controls comprised 144 healthy subjects matched by sex and age with no clinical evidence or family history of @entity1593 . Diagnosis of @entity1593 was made on the basis of clinical history and serological criteria. Psychiatric diagnoses were formulated using the International Composite Diagnostic Interview, according to DSM-IV criteria. Thyroid was evaluated by palpation, echography and measurement of serum-free thyroid hormones (FT4, FT3), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and antithyroid autoantibodies (anti-TPO). RESULTS: Compared to controls, a significantly higher number of celiac @entity1 met criteria for lifetime [15 (41.7%) versus 30 (29.8%), P < .01] and 6-month [7 (19.4%) versus 9 (6.2%), OR = 3.2, chi(2) = 5.2, P < .05] @entity308 ( @entity308 ) and lifetime [5 (13.9%) versus 3 (2.1%), P < .001] and 6-month [3 (8.1%) versus 2 (1.4%), P < .05] @entity4697 ( @entity4697 ). Anti-TPO prevalence was significantly higher in celiac @entity1 than in the control group (11/36 = 30.5% versus 14/144 = 9.7%, P < .001). A higher frequency of @entity4697 and @entity308 was found in celiac @entity1 with positive anti-TPO when compared to negative anti-TPO @entity1 (4/11 = 36.4% @entity4697 in TPO+ versus 1/25 = 4% @entity4697 in TPO-, P < .01; 9/11 = 81.8% @entity601 in TPO+ versus 6/25 = 9.5% @entity601 in TPO-, P < .01). CONCLUSION: @entity1 affected by @entity1593 tend to show a high prevalence of @entity4697 and @entity308 and association with subclinical @entity1374 appears to represent a significant risk factor for these @entity146 .

title: Association between @entity4697 , @entity308 and XXXX : a possible role of thyroid @entity792 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['MDD', 'anxiety and depressive disorders', 'major depressive disorder']

entities_list: @entity1593 :: ('MESH:D002446', 'Disease') :: ['celiac disease']

entities_list: @entity4697 :: ('MESH:D016584', 'Disease') :: ['PD', 'panic disorder']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric disorders']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmunity']

entities_list: @entity1374 :: ('MESH:D013959', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid disease']

answer: @entity1593 :: (MESH:D002446,Disease) :: ['celiac disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Analysis of our experience and propositions on the diagnosis and treatment of @entity600 (BPM). POPULATION AND METHODS: Retrospective study of BPM diagnosed between 1997 and 2001. Analysis of clinical spectrum, diagnosis tools, treatment, and clinical outcome. RESULTS: Thirty-two cases of BPM have been investigated (11 @entity2977 , 7 pulmonary sequestrations, 7 @entity5619 , 4 @entity14943 , and 3 @entity600 ). Nineteen @entity1 had a prenatal diagnosis. For 9 others, symptoms occurred before 4 years of age. Evaluation included a CT-scan in all @entity1 (BPM involution in one). Surgical treatment was performed in 30 @entity1 (lobectomy in 18), with a mean age of 7 months for asymptomatic @entity1 . During the follow-up (mean: 3 years), respiratory symptoms were reported in 10 cases, 3 of them were related to the BPM. DISCUSSION: Improvement in prenatal ultrasound diagnosis modified the management strategy. Considering the risk of @entity358 , surgical treatment is required during the first months of life. For @entity14943 , and some pulmonary sequestrations or small @entity2977 (<3 cm), conservative attitude may be preferred. BPM justify a multidisciplinary management.

title: [Diagnosis and treatment of XXXX . A review of 32 cases].

entities_list: @entity5619 :: ('MESH:D001994', 'Disease') :: ['bronchogenic cysts']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['congenital bronchopulmonary malformations', 'complex emphysematous malformations']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary complications']

entities_list: @entity14943 :: ('MESH:C535735', 'Disease') :: ['congenital lobar emphysema']

entities_list: @entity2977 :: ('MESH:D015615', 'Disease') :: ['cystic adenomatoid malformations']

answer: @entity600 :: (MESH:D000014,Disease) :: ['congenital bronchopulmonary malformations']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate a method for total reconstruction of auricle. METHODS: 90 @entity1 (101 ears) with congenital @entity9407 underwent two-stage operations for auricular reconstruction. The first stage involved fabrication and grafting of @entity1844 , removing the remnant ear cartilage, embedding the framework into local flap of the mastoid region, transferring the remnant ear lobule flap to link to the inferior framework. The second stage was creating an auriculocephalic sulcus. The reconstruction was performed 4 - 12 months after the first surgery. Skin incision was made 5 mm lateral side of the posterior margin of the auricle. The ear framework carrying a @entity2169 was separated from the side of the head, the frames of the costal cartilage banked at the first operation were harvested, shaved and transplanted to the posterior wall of the concha with sutures; adjust stand position and angle, so that made the ear shape, position, @entity2270 , close to the healthy ear, and auriculocephalic angle was slightly larger than the contralateral ear. Two random flap was designed with superior on the root of the helix and in the inferior-posterior direction of the inferior mastoid area, two flapes were elevated and transplanted to posterior auricular sulcus to cover the grafted cartilage. Skin graft was performed in the remaining raw surface. RESULTS: A total of 90 @entity1 were operated, all of 101 constructed ears achieved satisfied or near satisfied shapes. Five cases of partial @entity39 were caused by pedicle impairment. Exposure of cartilage framework happened in two cases. The auriculocephalic sulcus of four cases diminished after the second stage operation. Three month to two-year follow-up of 67 @entity1 showed that the reconstructed ears were satisfied with the results, including good shapes and steady auriculocephalic angles. CONCLUSIONS: The method is a simple, safe and reliable method for total aural reconstruction.

title: [Auricular reconstruction for XXXX with modified Nagata method].

entities_list: @entity2169 :: ('MESH:D004427', 'Disease') :: ['thick ear fascia']

entities_list: @entity1844 :: ('MESH:D002357', 'Disease') :: ['autologous costal cartilage']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['skin flap necrosis']

answer: @entity9407 :: (MESH:D065817,Disease) :: ['microtia']


abstract: There is bidirectional communication between the brain and the immune system. Overproduction of @entity635 ( @entity635 ) leads to @entity1850 ( @entity1850 ). The crucial role of @entity635 in @entity32 has been highlighted by studies performed in @entity13761 knockout @entity19 ( @entity13761 (-/-)), @entity19 that lack mature @entity635 and survive lethal doses of lypopolysaccharide (LPS). We have previously shown that @entity635 , its receptor IL-1 receptor I (IL-1RI) and @entity13761 are expressed within the brain. Moreover, we documented that peripherally injected LPS triggers a specific spatiotemporal pattern of expression of @entity635 mRNA within the brain, suggesting that @entity635 could be a major regulator of the central inflammatory cascade. Therefore, we studied brain transcriptional patterns that occur during LPS-induced @entity1850 in wild-type and @entity13761 (-/-) @entity19 . We showed patterns of gene expression in wild-type and @entity13761 (-/-) @entity19 that included differential expression of several genes, such as those for cytokines, chemokines, @entity842 synthase 2 and cyclo-oygenase 2. A key component of the @entity4903 that is increased by @entity635 is corticotrophin releasing hormone (CRH). We found increased response to antidepressants in @entity1 homozygous for the GAG haplotype of @entity20583 . Our results support the hypotheses that the @entity20583 gene and possibly other genes in stress-inflammatory pathways are involved in the response to antidepressant treatment. Since dysregulation of the @entity4903 appears to be one of the fundamental biological mechanisms that underlie @entity146 , our findings might contribute to increase the understanding of the molecular pathways that are altered in these diseases.

title: Pharmacogenomics of neuroimmune interactions in @entity1 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mice', 'transgenic mice']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity1850 :: ('MESH:D018746', 'Disease') :: ['systemic inflammatory response syndrome', 'SIRS']

entities_list: @entity4903 :: ('MESH:D004700', 'Disease') :: ['neuroimmune-endocrine axis']

answer: @entity146 :: (MESH:D001523,Disease) :: ['psychiatric disorders']


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study. OBJECTIVES: To compare the surgical outcomes of posterior translational correction and fusion using hybrid instrumentation systems with either sublaminar Nesplon tape or sublaminar metal wire to treat @entity1615 ( @entity1615 ). SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Nesplon tape, which consists of a thread of ultra-high molecular weight @entity691 fibers, has advantages over metal wire: (1) its soft and flexible properties avoid @entity16 and (2) its flat configuration avoids focal distribution of the stresses to lamina; however, the efficacy of Nesplon tape in the correction of @entity85 is as yet, still unclear. METHODS: Thirty @entity1615 @entity1 at a single institution underwent posterior correction and fusion using hybrid instrumentation containing hook, pedicle screw, and either sublaminar @entity691 taping (15) or sublaminar metal wiring (15). @entity1 were evaluated preoperatively, immediately after surgery, and at a 2-year follow-up according to the radiographic changes in curve correction, operating time, intraoperative @entity190 , complications, and the Scoliosis Research Society @entity1 questionnaire (SRS-24) score. RESULTS: The average correction rate was 63.0% in the Nesplon tape group and 59.9% in the metal wire group immediately after surgery (P = 0.62). Fusion was obtained in all the @entity1 without significant correction loss in both groups. There was no significant difference in operative time, intraoperative @entity190 , and postoperative SRS-24 scores between the 2 groups. Complications were superficial @entity272 in a single @entity1 in the Nesplon tape group, and transient @entity132 in 1 @entity1 and @entity6029 in another @entity1 in the metal wire group. CONCLUSIONS: The efficacy of Nesplon tape in correction of deformity is equivalent to that of metal wire, and fusion was completed without significant correction loss. The soft and flexible properties and flat configuration of Nesplon tape make this a safe application for the treatment of @entity1615 with @entity79 or with the fusion areas containing the spinal cord.

title: Comparison of novel ultra-high molecular weight @entity691 tape versus conventional metal wire for sublaminar segmental fixation in the treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity691 :: ('MESH:D020959', 'Chemical') :: ['polyethylene']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1615 :: ('OMIM:181800', 'Disease') :: ['AIS', 'adolescent idiopathic scoliosis']

entities_list: @entity132 :: ('MESH:D010468', 'Disease') :: ['sensory disturbance']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neural damage']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone fragility']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin infection']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['spinal deformity']

entities_list: @entity6029 :: ('MESH:D013478', 'Disease') :: ['temporal superior mesenteric artery syndrome']

answer: @entity1615 :: (OMIM:181800,Disease) :: ['adolescent idiopathic scoliosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the effect of @entity3566 therapy with placebo or bed rest in @entity1 with @entity9803 . DESIGN: Random assignment, double-blind. SETTING: Community hospitals. @entity1 AND INTERVENTIONS: Sixty-one @entity1 with viable pregnancies under 8 weeks' gestation on admission to hospital were randomly allocated to receive injections of @entity3566 or placebo, or were advised to rest in bed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Abortion vs. continuation of pregnancy at 16 weeks' gestation. RESULTS: Thirty-one aborted: 6/20 on @entity3566 , 10/21 on placebo, 15/20 on bed rest. @entity3566 vs. bed rest, P < .01; placebo vs. bed rest, @entity3566 vs. placebo--not significant. Plasma @entity1420 : continuing pregnancy > @entity5852 , P < .01; continued with @entity3566 vs. aborted on placebo, P < .001; continued with @entity3566 vs. aborted with bed rest, P < .001. No significant differences in pregnancy/birth complications or @entity1 ' birth weight. Female/male ratio was 2:1. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3566 is significantly better than bed rest.

title: A comparative study of @entity1 chorionic gonadotropin, placebo, and bed rest for XXXX with early @entity9803 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'PATIENTS', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone']

entities_list: @entity9803 :: ('MESH:D000033', 'Disease') :: ['threatened abortion']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: @entity1204 is one of the most common gynecologic @entity5 and many factors influence in its growth and development. As in many other types of @entity5 , @entity1421 ( @entity1421 ) is thought to be an accelerator of cell proliferation and @entity1204 . In this study, we examined the effect of FuEP2/Ex2, a soluble decoy receptor for @entity1421 on growth of @entity1204 cells. A stable transfectant expressing FuEP2/Ex2 was established from @entity1 @entity1204 Ishikawa cells (Ish-FuEP2/Ex2). Ish-FuEP2/Ex2 cells expressed FuEP2/Ex2 mRNA and protein. Expression levels of @entity17782 ( @entity17782 ), @entity17783 , @entity58889 , @entity13947 , and F-prostanoid receptor (FP) were almost the same in Ish-FuEP2/Ex2 and vector control cells. Growth rates of Ish-FuEP2/Ex2 under normal culture conditions were also similar to vector control cells, although @entity1421 -induced growth stimulation was completely inhibited in Ish-FuEP2/Ex2 or by Ish-FuEP2/Ex2 culture medium. Moreover, phosphorylation of @entity13436 ( @entity13436 ) and induction of @entity1996 ( @entity1996 ), @entity1611 ( @entity1611 ), @entity1896 , and @entity9830 mRNA by @entity1421 were not observed in Ish-FuEP2/Ex2 and Ish-FuEP2/Ex2 culture medium-treated vector control cells, although they were found when treated with @entity22667 . An orthotopic xenograft model in athymic @entity19 revealed that Ish-FuEP2/Ex2-injected @entity19 had significantly decreased mean @entity5 area. The proportion of Ki-67-positive cells in the @entity5 lesion was also significantly lower in Ish-FuEP2/Ex2-injected @entity19 . These findings suggest that an EP-targeting strategy using FuEP2/Ex2 may be of use in the treatment of @entity1204 .

title: The soluble @entity17783 receptor FuEP2/Ex2 suppresses XXXX in an orthotopic xenograft model in @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity1204 :: ('MESH:D016889', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial cancer', 'Endometrial cancer', 'endometrial cancer progression']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancies', 'tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity1421 :: ('MESH:D015232', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandin E(2)', 'PGE(2)']

entities_list: @entity22667 :: ('CHEBI:15553', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandin F(2a)']

entities_list: @entity13436 :: ('26413(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['ERK', 'extracellular signal-regulated kinase']

entities_list: @entity1611 :: ('22339(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['VEGF', 'vascular endothelial growth factor']

answer: @entity1204 :: (MESH:D016889,Disease) :: ['endometrial cancer cell growth']


abstract: @entity39996 (EBOV) VP35 is a double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)-binding protein that inhibits @entity10853 signaling and alpha/beta interferon ( @entity3027 /b) responses by both dsRNA-binding-dependent and -independent mechanisms. VP35 also suppresses dendritic cell (DC) maturation. Here, we define the pathways and mechanisms through which VP35 impairs DC maturation. Wild-type VP35 (VP35-WT) and two well-characterized VP35 mutants ( @entity61463 and @entity61464 ) that independently ablate dsRNA binding and @entity10853 inhibition were delivered to primary @entity1 monocyte-derived DCs (MDDCs) using a lentivirus-based expression system. VP35-WT suppressed not only @entity3027 /b but also proinflammatory responses following stimulation of MDDCs with activators of @entity48665 ( @entity48665 ) signaling, including @entity10853 activators such as @entity7686 (SeV) or 5'-triphosphate RNA, or @entity10465 activators such as @entity9258 ) or poly(I    C). The @entity61463 and @entity61464 mutants exhibited greatly reduced suppression of @entity3027 /b and proinflammatory cytokine production following treatment of DCs with @entity48665 agonists. VP35-WT also blocked the upregulation of DC maturation markers and the stimulation of allogeneic T cell responses upon SeV infection, whereas the mutants did not. In contrast to the @entity48665 activators, VP35-WT and the VP35 mutants impaired @entity2391 production induced by @entity6800 ( @entity6800 ) or @entity2939 agonists but failed to inhibit proinflammatory cytokine production induced by @entity2938 , @entity6800 , or @entity2939 agonists. Furthermore, VP35 did not prevent lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced upregulation of surface markers of @entity1103 maturation and did not prevent LPS-triggered allogeneic T cell stimulation. Therefore, VP35 is a general antagonist of DC responses to @entity48665 activation. However, TLR agonists can circumvent many of the inhibitory effects of VP35. Therefore, it may be possible to counteract EBOV immune evasion by using treatments that bypass the VP35-imposed block to DC maturation. IMPORTANCE: The VP35 protein, which is an inhibitor of @entity10853 signaling and alpha/beta interferon ( @entity3027 /b) responses, has been implicated as an EBOV-encoded factor that contributes to suppression of dendritic cell (DC) function. We used wild-type VP35 and previously characterized VP35 mutants to clarify VP35-DC interactions. Our data demonstrate that VP35 is a general inhibitor of @entity48665 ( @entity48665 ) signaling that blocks not only @entity10853 - but also @entity10465 -mediated induction of @entity3027 /b responses. Furthermore, in DCs, VP35 also impairs the @entity48665 -mediated induction of proinflammatory cytokine production, upregulation of costimulatory markers, and activation of T cells. These inhibitory activities require VP35 dsRNA-binding activity, an activity previously correlated to VP35 @entity10853 inhibitory function. In contrast, while VP35 can inhibit @entity3027 /b production induced by @entity6800 or @entity2939 agonists, this occurs in a dsRNA-independent fashion, and VP35 does not inhibit TLR-mediated expression of proinflammatory cytokines. These data suggest strategies to overcome VP35 inhibition of DC function.

title: Molecular basis for ebolavirus VP35 suppression of XXXX dendritic cell maturation.

entities_list: @entity9258 :: ('12104', 'Species') :: ['encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV']

entities_list: @entity39996 :: ('186538', 'Species') :: ['Zaire ebolavirus']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to measure insertion torque, tip mechanical resistance to @entity174 and transmucosal neck of @entity737 ( @entity737 ) (Conex  o Sistemas de Pr  teseT), as well as to analyze surface morphology. METHODS: Mechanical tests were carried out to measure the insertion torque of MIs in different cortical thicknesses, and tip mechanical resistance to @entity174 as well as transmucosal neck of MIs. Surface morphology was assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) before and after the mechanical tests. RESULTS: Values of mechanical resistance to @entity174 (22.14 N.cm and 54.95 N.cm) were higher and statistically different (P < 0.05) from values of insertion torque for 1-mm (7.60 N.cm) and 2-mm (13.27 N.cm) cortical thicknesses. Insertion torque was statistically similar (P > 0.05) to torsional @entity174 in the tip of @entity737 (22.14 N.cm) when 3 mm cortical thickness (16.11 N.cm) and dense bone (23.95 N.cm) were used. Torsional @entity174 (54.95 N.cm) was higher and statistically different (P < 0.05) from insertion torsional strength in all tested situations. SEM analysis showed that the MIs had the same smooth surface when received from the manufacturer and after the mechanical tests were performed. Additionally, no significant marks resulting from the manufacturing process were observed. CONCLUSION: All @entity737 tested presented adequate surface morphology. The resistance of @entity737 to @entity174 safely allows placement in 1 and 2-mm cortical thickness. However, in 3-mm cortical thickness and dense bones, pre-drilling with a bur is recommended before insertion.

title: Insertion torque versus mechanical resistance of XXXX inserted in different cortical thickness.

entities_list: @entity737 :: ('MESH:D057873', 'Disease') :: ['MI', 'mini-implants']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture', 'fracture of the transmucosal neck']

answer: @entity737 :: (MESH:D057873,Disease) :: ['mini-implants']


abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate lymphangiogenesis in @entity957 and in the associated lymph nodes and @entity13712 expression in neoplastic cells at the invasive front. In addition, the association of the above parameters with @entity1600 was also investigated. We used immunohistochemistry to examine @entity5 and lymph nodes, regardless of @entity3 . Lymphatic vessel density (LVD) and microvessel density (MVD) were assessed by antibodies D2-40 and CD105, respectively, in intratumoral and peritumoral areas and in lymph node regions. Vascular endothelial growth factor-C and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-3 expression was evaluated in @entity5 cells and D2-40 ( @entity13712 ) expression in parenchymal cells found at the invasive front. The majority of cases with nodal involvement presented a high peritumoral LVD. In addition, a strong association of LVD with size and site of @entity5 could also be identified. MVD was statistically associated with @entity3 , and a significant association between the lymphangiogenic factors and the density of vessels in the intratumoral region was also seen. The well-differentiated @entity5 did not express @entity13712 . LVD and MVD were higher in metastatic lymph nodes than in nonmetastatic lymph nodes. The enhanced vascular network in metastatic lymph nodes reinforces the previous reports of lymphangiogenesis occurrence in lymph nodes. Moreover, the expression of @entity13712 by more undifferentiated @entity5 cells suggests that this protein could be an indicator of @entity146 .

title: Lymphangiogenesis and XXXX expression in @entity957 and the associated lymph nodes.

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['tumor aggressiveness']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'primary tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['oral squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1600 :: ('MESH:D014388', 'Disease') :: ['lymph node metastasis']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity13712 :: (10630,Gene) :: ['podoplanin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Exposure to elevated levels of particulate matter (PM) is associated with increased risk of morbidity and mortality due to respiratory tract @entity1800 in @entity1 . Recent identification of environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs) in the PM from a variety of combustion sources suggests its role in the enhancement of disease severity of @entity1729 ( @entity1729 ). Our previous studies demonstrated that acute exposure to EPFRs induces pulmonary immunosuppression allowing for enhanced @entity683 disease severity. Here, we determine the mechanism of EPFR-induced immunosuppression and its impact on the immune response towards @entity281 . METHODS: Neonatal @entity19 (3  days old) were acutely exposed to @entity5242 (combustion derived PM with chemisorbed EPFR) for seven consecutive days. Four days post-exposure (dpe), @entity19 were infected with @entity683 virus. Pulmonary T cell phenotypes including regulatory T cells (Tregs) were analyzed by flow cytometry. The role of @entity1618 in EPFR-induced exacerbation of @entity683 disease severity was determined by administering recombinant @entity1618 ( @entity13358 ) to wild type @entity19 or by using @entity1618 deficient ( @entity1618 (-/-)) neonatal @entity19 . @entity19 were assessed for morbidity by measuring percent weight change and pulmonary viral load. RESULTS: Neonatal @entity19 exposed to EPFRs had a significant increase in pulmonary Tregs and the immunosuppressive cytokine @entity1618 following @entity281 , which coincided with decreased protective T cell responses to @entity281 at 6 dpi. Depletion of Tregs in EPFR-exposed neonatal @entity19 resulted in increased protective, adaptive T cell responses, whereas adoptive transfer of Tregs from EPFR-exposed neonates to air-exposed neonatal @entity19 suppressed adaptive T cell responses towards @entity281 . Further, treatment with @entity13358 could recapitulate EPFR-induced exacerbation of morbidity and pulmonary viral load compared to air exposed and @entity683 infected @entity19 , whereas, EPFR-exposed @entity1618 (-/-) neonates exhibited significant reductions in morbidity, pulmonary viral load and adaptive T cell responses following @entity281 . CONCLUSIONS: Neonatal exposure to EPFRs induced Tregs and @entity1618 resulting in suppressed adaptive T cell responses and enhanced @entity683 disease severity in neonatal @entity19 . Depletion of Tregs increased adaptive T cell responses and deficiency of @entity1618 reduced morbidity and conferred enhanced protection against @entity683 virus.

title: Regulatory T cells and XXXX suppress pulmonary host defense during early-life exposure to radical containing combustion derived ultrafine particulate matter.

entities_list: @entity683 :: ('MESH:D007251', 'Disease') :: ['influenza']

entities_list: @entity1800 :: ('MESH:D014777', 'Disease') :: ['viral infections']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['influenza infection']

entities_list: @entity1729 :: ('MESH:D012141', 'Disease') :: ['LRTI', 'lower respiratory tract infections']

answer: @entity1618 :: (16153(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['IL10']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy, @entity548 pattern, cycle control and safety of a combined oral contraceptive (YAZ) containing @entity4863 3 mg and @entity2082 20   g in a 24+4-day regimen in China. METHODS: This is a multi-center, open, one-label study. Healthy females aged 18-45 years received YAZ for 13 cycles. Following-ups were scheduled during the treatment phase on Day 12-19 of Cycle 1, 4, 7 and 10 and 10-17 days after completing the study. The efficacy variables were the number of unintended pregnancies, @entity548 pattern and cycle control. The safety variables were adverse events (AE), lab examinations, physical and gynecological examinations, vital signs and body weights and questionnaires. RESULTS: Four pregnancies occurred among 675 @entity1 for 603.78 @entity1 -years, resulting in a Pearl index (PI) of 0.7 and adjusted PI of 0.6. The cumulative 1-year pregnancy rate was 0.66%. The mean number of @entity548 /spotting days was (26.3    12.4) days in reference period 1 and (15.4    5.5) days in reference period 4. 94.2% (582/618)- 96.8% (538/558) subjects experienced scheduled @entity548 . The mean duration of scheduled @entity548 decreased from (5.9    3.2) to (5.0    1.6) days. The percentage of @entity1 with @entity1867 decreased from 14.5% (90/621) at Cycle 1 to 2.3% (13/558) at Cycle 12. The common AE relating treatment include @entity390 (3.4%, 23/675), breast tenderness (1.2%, 8/675), dizzy (1.2%), @entity548 (1.2%). No serious AE relating treatment occurred. 85.6% (542/633) subjects were satisfied or very satisfied with the study treatment. CONCLUSION: YAZ is highly effective, acceptable and safe for Chinese @entity1 .

title: [Efficacy and safety of a combined oral contraceptive containing @entity4863 3 mg and XXXX 20   g in a 24+4-day regimen in China].

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['vagina bleeding', 'bleeding']

entities_list: @entity2082 :: ('MESH:D004997', 'Chemical') :: ['ethinylestradiol']

entities_list: @entity4863 :: ('MESH:C035144', 'Chemical') :: ['drospirenone']

entities_list: @entity1867 :: ('MESH:D008796', 'Disease') :: ['intermenstrual bleeding']

answer: @entity2082 :: (MESH:D004997,Chemical) :: ['ethinylestradiol']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 ( @entity5 ) are rare @entity5 and data on peritoneal @entity3 (PM) from these @entity5 are scarce. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to present population-based data on the incidence, risk factors, and survival of synchronous PM in @entity5 . METHODS: Data from all @entity1 diagnosed with a GEP-NET during 2007-2013 were collected from the Netherlands Cancer Registry. Age-standardized incidence rates were calculated and risk factors for developing PM were determined using multivariable logistic regression analysis. Survival was investigated using Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses. RESULTS: A total of 4114 @entity1 were diagnosed with a GEP-NET. PM were diagnosed in 234 @entity1 (19% of @entity1 with metastasized disease, representing 6% of all @entity5 ). The incidence of @entity1 diagnosed with PM was 1.6:1,000,000 @entity1 per year. Risk factors for developing PM were higher age (odds ratio [OR] 1.4, 95% CI 1.0-2.0) and @entity5 location in the small intestine (OR 3.5, 95% CI 2.1-5.7) or colon (OR 2.5, 95% CI 1.4-4.4). Small intestinal NETs with PM had the best survival, while appendiceal NETs with PM had the poorest survival (5-year survival rates of 67 and 7%, respectively). Multivariate analysis showed that survival in @entity1 with PM was worse compared with @entity1 without @entity3 ; however, the presence of PM among all metastasized @entity1 was not associated with worse survival. CONCLUSIONS: This nationwide population-based study provides relevant insight into the incidence and risk factors of PM in @entity5 , and reveals detailed site-specific data on the presence of PM and survival data that may contribute to develop individualized treatment strategies in @entity1 with these heterogeneous @entity5 .

title: Peritoneal XXXX from @entity5 : Incidence, Risk Factors and Prognosis.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors', 'GEP-NETs', 'primary tumor', 'neoplasms', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['Metastases']


abstract: Intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) permits the application of a single large radiation dose to a malignant mass at the time of surgery sparing adjacent normal tissue from irradiation. Since 1996 we have used IORT to treat 13 @entity1 with @entity521 , stage 3 - 4. In all cases the @entity5 was not radically resectable at the first operation. Ultrasound, CT and MRI were performed and @entity1 were treated with chemotherapy according to the NB90 protocol. The second-look operation was performed in the IORT operating room where the @entity5 was resected as completely as possible, while keeping the "no risk" principle in mind. @entity5 was 8 - 10 Gy. The @entity1 was monitored via 3 video cameras. No technical problems occurred during IORT application. The follow-up time was 6 - 69 months (May 2001). One @entity1 died due to @entity5 progression, another in complete remission died after 9 months due to @entity295 . The clinical course of 2 @entity1 was complicated by a @entity2791 and a @entity432 . All other @entity1 are in complete remission with regular follow-up examinations. Although the results are promising the number of @entity1 is too small as yet for statistical analysis. However, IORT can be safely applied in @entity1 with high-risk @entity521 , reducing the dose, side effects and resulting in remission.

title: IORT (intraoperative radiotherapy) in XXXX : experience and first results.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient', 'child']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Localised radiation of the residual tumour', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity2791 :: ('MESH:D012078', 'Disease') :: ['renal artery stenosis']

entities_list: @entity521 :: ('MESH:D009447', 'Disease') :: ['neuroblastomas', 'neuroblastoma']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['mesenteric artery occlusion']

answer: @entity521 :: (MESH:D009447,Disease) :: ['neuroblastoma']


abstract: In 3 groups of 8 @entity1 and adolescents each with @entity6038 ( @entity6038 ), @entity28 @entity1 matched for body weight (control I), and normal weight subjects matched for pubertal stage (control II) plasma concentrations of @entity2493 , @entity701 , @entity2124 (hGH), @entity2690 , gonadal hormones, and gonadotropins were measured every 1 to 4 hours in 24-hour-profiles. All hormones were determined by radioimmunoassay. The specific @entity2493 antibody was raised in @entity95 . Criteria of the @entity2493 assay were as follows: detection limit for plasma concentrations of 13 pg/ml, intraassay and interassay variations: 8.4 and 11.2%, respectively. @entity6038 - @entity1 showed @entity701 fluctuations within normal limits. hGH was lower than 5 micrograms/l even during sleep, @entity2690 ranged between 5 and 170 mU/l, and no excessively high @entity413 levels were found. @entity53 and @entity251 were low for age and for pubertal development in all @entity1 except in two @entity1 . Basal LH and FSH levels were in the low normal range and showed sluggish response to LHRH. Plasma @entity2493 was low during the day, increased at mid-night and peaked at 3 a.m. @entity2493 levels in @entity6038 were not significantly different from those in both control groups. We concluded that the impairment of gonadotropin secretion in @entity1 with @entity6038 is not due to elevated levels of plasma @entity2493 .

title: Circadian fluctuation of plasma @entity2493 in @entity6038 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'girls']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['Estradiol']

entities_list: @entity2493 :: ('MESH:D008550', 'Chemical') :: ['Melatonin', 'melatonin']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity6038 :: ('MESH:D011218', 'Disease') :: ['PW-S', "Prader-Willi-Labhart's Syndrome"]

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obesity']


abstract: There is increasing evidence indicating that @entity172 replacement therapy produces neuroprotective actions but has undesirable side effects on the reproductive system. @entity441 is a selective @entity172 receptor modulator that exerts @entity172 agonist action in the brain while acting as an @entity172 antagonist in the reproductive system. In the present study, we investigated whether @entity441 affected the @entity2227 -induced @entity460 ( @entity141 ) overload in @entity35 cultured cortical neurons. The bulk cytosolic intracellular @entity141 level was measured by using confocal microscopy with fluorescent @entity141 probe @entity3576 . Whole-cell recording technique was used to observe the effects of @entity441 on @entity1024 ( @entity143 )-evoked and voltage-activated @entity141 currents in cultured cortical neurons. Pre-exposure of cortical neurons to @entity441 (0.5 microM-10 microM) for 3 min attenuated intracellular @entity141 increase induced by application of @entity2227 (300 microM) for 1 min. The action of @entity441 was reversible after washout. @entity1299 and @entity2426 did not block the action of @entity441 . In whole-cell recording experiments, @entity441 (10 microM) significantly reduced the amplitude of the high-voltage-activated @entity141 current but had no effect on @entity143 -evoked @entity141 current. The present study demonstrates that @entity441 acutely reduces @entity2227 -induced intracellular @entity141 increase probably via inhibition of high-voltage-activated @entity460 channels.

title: XXXX acutely reduces @entity2227 -induced intracellular @entity460 increase in cultured @entity35 cortical neurons via inhibition of high-voltage-activated @entity460 current.

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity2227 :: ('CHEBI:29987', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamate']

entities_list: @entity1024 :: ('CHEBI:31882', 'Chemical') :: ['N-methyl-D-aspartate']

entities_list: @entity2426 :: ('MESH:D019284', 'Chemical') :: ['thapsigargin']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity441 :: ('MESH:D020849', 'Chemical') :: ['raloxifene', 'Raloxifene']

answer: @entity441 :: (MESH:D020849,Chemical) :: ['Raloxifene']


abstract: Ribosome binding to mRNA requires the concerted action of three initiation factors, @entity31952 , @entity9259 , and @entity5290 , and the hydrolysis of @entity855 in a mechanism that is not well understood. Several lines of evidence support a model by which these factors bind to the 5' end of mRNA and unwind proximal secondary structure, thus allowing 40S ribosomal subunits to bind. We have previously used an unwinding assay to demonstrate that @entity31952 or @entity5290 in combination with @entity9259 functions as an RNA @entity2234 . To elucidate the molecular mechanism of RNA unwinding, we used a mobility shift electrophoresis assay which allows the simultaneous analysis of unwinding and complex formation between these factors and RNA. @entity5290 forms a stable complex (complex A) with duplex RNA in the absence of @entity855 . Addition of @entity9259 results in the formation of a second complex (complex B) of slower mobility in the gel. In the presence of @entity855 , both complexes dissociate, concomitant with the unwinding of the duplex RNA. We present evidence to suggest that unwinding occurs in a processive as opposed to distributive manner. Thus, we conclude that @entity2234 complexes that are formed in the absence of @entity855 on duplex RNA translocate processively along the RNA in an @entity855 -dependent reaction and melt secondary structure. These @entity2234 complexes therefore represent intermediates in the unwinding process of mRNA that could precede ribosome binding.

title: RNA unwinding in translation: assembly of XXXX complex intermediates comprising eukaryotic initiation factors @entity5290 and @entity9259 .

answer: @entity2234 :: (164045,Gene) :: ['helicase']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: (1) to examine consequences of falls in older @entity1 and @entity1 and (2) to examine risk factors for health service use and functional decline among older fallers. METHODS: the study was performed within the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam. In 1998/1999, potential risk factors were assessed during the third data collection. In 1999/2000, 204 community-dwelling @entity1 (> or =65 years) who reported at least one fall in the year before the interview, were asked about consequences of their last fall, including @entity130 , health service use, treatment and functional decline (i.e. decline in functional status, social and physical activities). RESULTS: as a consequence of falling, respondents reported @entity130 (68.1%), @entity130 (5.9%), health service use (23.5%), treatment (17.2%), and decline in functional status (35.3%), and social (16.7%) and physical activities (15.2%). Using multivariate logistic regression, specific risk factors for health service use after falling could not be identified. Female gender (OR = 2.8, 95% CI = 1.5-5.1), higher medication use (OR = 1.5, 95% CI = 1.0-2.2) and @entity308 (OR = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.3-2.8) were independently associated with functional decline after falling. @entity308 (OR = 2.0, 95% CI = 1.2-3.3) and falls inside (OR = 2.6, 95% CI = 1.1-6.5) were risk factors for decline in social activities, while female gender (OR = 2.7, 95% CI = 1.1-7.0) and @entity308 (OR = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.2-3.0) were risk factors for decline in physical activities after falling. CONCLUSIONS: almost 70% of the respondents suffered @entity130 , almost one-quarter used health services and more than one-third suffered functional decline after falling. No risk factors were found for health service use needed after falling. Female gender, higher medication use, @entity308 and falls inside were risk factors for functional decline after falling.

title: Consequences of falling in older XXXX and @entity1 and risk factors for health service use and functional decline.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'persons', 'men']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive symptoms', 'Depressive symptoms']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['physical injury', 'major injury']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['men']


abstract: PURPOSE: To assess the value of percutaneous vacuum-assisted core biopsy to improve the diagnosis of non palpable mammographic abnormalities. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 252 core biopsies using an 11G Mammotome((R))were performed in 249 @entity1 . Stereotactic localization was performed in the prone position on a dedicated digital Fischer table. RESULTS: Fifty-one, or 25%, of 200 clusters of microcalcifications corresponded to @entity189 : 126 benign lesions, 23 @entity1373 and LCIS, 31 DCIS, 15 invasive @entity513 , and 4 false negative biopsies. In these 4 last cases, surgery was performed because radiographs of the core biopsy showed no microcalcifications; @entity189 was confirmed at histology of the surgical specimen. Using the BI-RADS system, 7 lesions were category 3, 175 lesions were category 4, and 18 lesions were category 5. From a total of 52 masses, 31 were benign lesions, 2 were borderline lesions, and 19 were @entity189 . From these, 5 lesions were category 3, 31 were category 4, and 16 were category 5. Diagnostic surgical biopsy was avoided in 161 cases (63%), in 152 cases for benign lesions including 151 lesions classified as category 4 lesions and in 9 cases for multifocal or recurrent @entity5 . CONCLUSION: When technical pitfalls are avoided and when presence of microcalcifications in the core biopsy sample is verified, vacuum assisted core biopsy with Mammotome((R)) 11G provides accurate diagnosis of non-palpable mammographic abnormalities.

title: [Stereotactic 11-gauge directional vacuum-assisted breast biopsy: experience with 249 XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant lesions']

entities_list: @entity1373 :: ('MESH:D006965', 'Disease') :: ['atypical hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['invasive carcinomas', 'carcinomas', 'carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity513 :: ('MESH:D044584', 'Disease') :: ['ductal carcinomas']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: AIM: The aim of the study was to determine possible pathogenetic factors and molecules which may be used as @entity5 markers of adenosquamous @entity1204 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eight @entity1204 were immunohistochemically tested with specific monoclonal antibodies for @entity12645 (polyclonal anti- @entity12645 and monoclonal @entity12645 ), @entity172 receptors @entity1782 and @entity1783 , progesterone receptors @entity11746 and @entity996 and the inhibin/activin subunits @entity11225 , -betaA and -betaB. RESULTS: @entity12645 18 and the polyclonal @entity12645 antibody was detected in all @entity1204 , both in the endometrioid (n = 7/8) and squamous (n = 8/8) parts of the @entity5 . Neither @entity1782 or @entity1783 were detectable in any @entity5 , in contrast to @entity11746 and @entity996 which were detected in about half of these @entity5 ( @entity11746 : n = 5/8 and @entity996 : n = 2/8). @entity11225 and -betaB were not detected, while @entity11227 was expressed in all @entity1962 . CONCLUSION: The carcinogenesis of @entity1204 was associated with @entity281 . Adenosquamous @entity1204 seem not to be controlled by @entity172 . The absence of the expression of the @entity11225 subunit suggests a @entity5 -suppressive function in adenosquamous @entity1204 . The absence of the expression of the inhibin-betaB subunit, which is probably a marker of differentiation, points to the @entity5 . The other inhibin subunit, @entity11227 , was expressed in all @entity5 . It remains to be clarified if these parameters can be used as @entity5 markers.

title: Expression of @entity12645 , steroid receptors ( @entity1782 , @entity1783 , XXXX and @entity996 ) and inhibin/activin subunits (alpha, betaA and betaB) in adenosquamous @entity1204 .

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogens', 'estrogen']

entities_list: @entity1204 :: ('MESH:D016889', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial carcinoma', 'adenosquamous endometrial carcinomas', 'endometrial tumors', 'endometrial carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'malignancy of these tumors', 'tumors', 'adenosquamous tumors']

entities_list: @entity11225 :: ('3623', 'Gene') :: ['inhibin-alpha', 'Inhibin-alpha']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['HPV infection']

entities_list: @entity1962 :: ('MESH:D018196', 'Disease') :: ['adenosquamous carcinomas']

answer: @entity11746 :: (6277,Gene) :: ['PR-A']


abstract: Primary @entity4018 is one of the @entity8487 and is the member of that group with the worst survival and the most significant limitations in quality of life. @entity828 due to extramedullary hematopoiesis, constitutional symptoms, and @entity1503 are the main manifestations. The natural history is highly variable, and up to 30% of @entity1 can experience acceleration to @entity3052 . Conventional therapy is only palliative and not always effective. However, huge advances have been achieved in the past 2 decades toward a better understanding of the pathogenesis of this disease, as well as improved management. Powerful risk stratification systems are now available and can reliably separate the @entity1 into different prognostic categories to aid clinical management. Allogeneic stem cell transplant can offer cure but is still not universally applicable owing to the treatment-related mortality and @entity137 . Nevertheless, outcomes of transplant are improving, owing to the introduction of reduced-intensity conditioning regimens and the optimization of remission monitoring techniques and relapse prevention strategies. The discovery of the @entity4017 mutation of @entity4016 ( @entity4016 ) and some other molecular aberrations has shed more light on the molecular pathogenesis of the disease and has led to the introduction of novel therapies such as @entity4016 inhibitors. In fact, JAK inhibitors have shown promising symptomatic efficacy, and the JAK inhibitor @entity26223 has also shown a potential survival benefit. Future effort should be made to combine allogeneic stem cell transplant with JAK inhibition.

title: Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplant vs. Janus Kinase Inhibition in the Treatment of Primary XXXX or @entity4018 After Essential Thrombocythemia or Polycythemia Vera.

entities_list: @entity8487 :: ('MESH:D010677', 'Disease') :: ['Philadelphia chromosome-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity26223 :: ('MESH:C540383', 'Chemical') :: ['ruxolitinib']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute myelogenous leukemia']

entities_list: @entity828 :: ('MESH:C535727', 'Disease') :: ['Hepatosplenomegaly']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['cytopenias']

entities_list: @entity4018 :: ('MESH:D055728', 'Disease') :: ['myelofibrosis']

answer: @entity4018 :: (MESH:D055728,Disease) :: ['Myelofibrosis']


abstract: Myosins are typical molecular motor proteins that convert the chemical energy from the @entity855 hydrolysis into mechanical work. The fundamental mechanism of this energy conversion is still unknown. To explain the experimental results already obtained, Masuda has proposed a hypothesis called the "Driven by Detachment" theory for the working principle of the myosins. This theory insists that the energy used during the power @entity64 of the myosins does not directly originate from the chemical energy of @entity855 , but is converted from the elastic energy within the molecule at the joint between the head and neck domains. One method for demonstrating the validity of this theory is a computational simulation using the @entity74 ( @entity74 ) method. The @entity74 software used was GROMACS. The target of the @entity74 simulations was @entity3999 subfragment-1 (S1), for which the initial structure was obtained from the Protein Data Bank entry 1M8Q. The AFM pull code of GROMACS was used to apply an external force of 17 pN at the end of the neck domain in the direction opposite to the power @entity64 to observe whether the @entity3999 S1 takes the pre-power @entity64 conformation. The residues assumed to be engaged in the docking with an actin filament were fixed to the space. Starting from exactly the same initial position, 10 simulations were repeated by varying the random seeds for generating the initial velocities of the atoms. After 64ns of calculations, the @entity3999 S1 took the conformation of the pre-power @entity64 state in which the neck domain was bent around the joint between the head and the neck domains. This result agrees with the prediction expected by the DbD theory, the validity of which may be established by conducting similar simulations for the other steps of the @entity3999 working processes.

title: Molecular dynamics simulation for the reversed power @entity64 motion of a XXXX subfragment-1.

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['molecular dynamics', 'MD']

answer: @entity3999 :: (79784,Gene) :: ['myosin']


abstract: The cellular composition of the inflammatory infiltrate present in 13 @entity1 with the limbal form of @entity5902 was examined in the conjunctival scrapings and the limbic replicas by means of Giemsa stain and immunohistochemistry. Conjunctival scrapings showed the presence of mast cells, lymphocytes, plasma cells, polymorphonuclear leucocytes, and very few basophils in all the specimens. Eosinophils were present in only four scrapings. The superficial epithelium of the limbic lesion and the adjacent @entity267 and conjunctiva was studied by the replica technique. The limbic lesion area showed the presence of @entity39 epithelial cells mixed with inflammatory cells, including eosinophils, mast cells, lymphocytes, plasma cells, and polymorphonuclear leucocytes and very few basophils. Most of the inflammatory cells were HLA-DR+. Many @entity19 + cells were present, indicating the presence of Langerhans cells. T-lymphocytes including a few helper/inducer cells and many suppressor/cytotoxic cells, were detected in the infiltrate. In addition many B-lymphocytes were observed. These findings suggest that other immune mechanisms in addition to type 1 reaction are involved in the pathogenesis of the disease.

title: Cytological and immunohistochemical study of the limbal form of XXXX by the replica technique.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrotic']

entities_list: @entity5902 :: ('MESH:D003233', 'Disease') :: ['vernal keratoconjunctivitis']

answer: @entity5902 :: (MESH:D003233,Disease) :: ['vernal keratoconjunctivitis']


abstract: A family of @entity669 kinase receptors related to the product of the eph gene has been described recently. One of these receptors, @entity2498 , has been shown to be expressed only in brain and testes. Using a direct expression cloning technique, a ligand for the @entity2498 receptor has been isolated by screening a @entity1 placenta cDNA library with a fusion protein containing the extracellular domain of the receptor. This isolated cDNA encodes a transmembrane protein. While the sequence of the ligand cDNA is unique, it is related to a previously described sequence known as B61. Northern blot analysis of @entity1 tissue mRNA showed that the @entity2498 ligand's mRNA is 3.5 kb long and is found in placenta, heart, lung, liver, skeletal muscle, kidney and pancreas. Southern blot analysis showed that the gene is highly conserved in a wide variety of species. Both @entity2498 ligand and B61 mRNAs are inducible by @entity5 factor in @entity1 umbilical vein endothelial cells. In addition, both proteins show promiscuity in binding to the @entity2498 and the related hek receptors. Since these two ligand sequences are similar, and since @entity2498 and hek are members of a larger family of eph-related receptor molecules, we refer to these ligands as LERKs (ligands for eph-related kinases).

title: Molecular characterization of a family of ligands for eph-related XXXX kinase receptors.

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour necrosis']

answer: @entity669 :: (CHEBI:18186,Chemical) :: ['tyrosine']


abstract: @entity5555 ( @entity5555 ) results in extensive genetic redundancy. In plants and @entity375 , @entity5555 is followed by rapid gene deletions and intense expression differentiation with slow functional divergence. However, the early evolution of the gene differentiation processes is poorly understood in vertebrates because almost all studied WGDs are extremely ancient, and the genomes have returned to a diploid status. @entity7136 had a very recent fourth round of @entity5555 dated to 8 million years ago. It therefore constitutes an ideal model to study early-stage functional divergence and expression differentiation in vertebrates. We identified 1,757 pairs of recently duplicated genes (RDGs) originating from this specific @entity5555 and found that most ancestral genes were retained in duplicate. Most RDGs were conserved and under selective pressure. Gene expression analysis across six tissues revealed that 92.5% of RDG pairs were co-expressed in at least one tissue and that the expression of nearly half pairs ceased to be strongly correlated, indicating slow spatial divergence but rapid expression dissociation. Functional comparison revealed that 25% of pairs had functional divergence, of which neo- and sub-functionalization were the main outcomes. Our analysis revealed @entity73 but rapid and intense expression and function differentiation after @entity5555 .

title: The fate of recent duplicated genes following a fourth-round whole genome duplication in a tetraploid fish, @entity7136 ( XXXX ).

entities_list: @entity5555 :: ('MESH:D042822', 'Disease') :: ['Whole genome duplication', 'WGD']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['slow gene loss']

answer: @entity7136 :: (7962,Species) :: ['Cyprinus carpio']