abstract: A population of neurons in the trigeminal principal sensory nucleus (NVsnpr) fire rhythmically during fictive mastication induced in the in vivo @entity95 . To elucidate whether these neurons form part of the central pattern generator (CPG) for mastication, we performed intracellular recordings in brainstem slices taken from young @entity35 . Two cell types were defined, nonbursting (63%) and bursting (37%). In response to membrane depolarization, bursting cells, which dominated in the dorsal part of the NVsnpr, fired an initial burst followed by single spikes or recurring bursts. Non-bursting neurons, scattered throughout the nucleus, fired single action potentials. Microstimulation applied to the trigeminal motor nucleus (NVmt), the reticular border zone surrounding the NVmt, the parvocellular reticular formation or the nucleus reticularis pontis caudalis (NPontc) elicited a postsynaptic potential in 81% of the neurons tested for synaptic inputs. Responses obtained were predominately excitatory and sensitive to glutamatergic antagonists DNQX and/or APV. Some inhibitory and biphasic responses were also evoked. @entity4781 or @entity1026 blocked the IPSPs indicating that they were mediated by @entity1246 (A) or glycinergic receptors. About one-third of the stimulations activated both types of neurons antidromically, mostly from the masseteric motoneuron pool of NVmt and dorsal part of NPontc. In conclusion, our new findings show that some neurons in the dorsal NVsnpr display both firing properties and axonal connections which support the hypothesis that they may participate in masticatory pattern generation. Thus, the present data provide an extended basis for further studies on the organization of the masticatory CPG network.

title: Physiological characterization, localization and synaptic inputs of bursting and nonbursting neurons in the trigeminal principal sensory nucleus of the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1026 :: ('MESH:D013331', 'Chemical') :: ['strychnine']

entities_list: @entity4781 :: ('MESH:C017069', 'Chemical') :: ['Bicuculline methiodide']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: @entity1160 is a nutraceutic with antioxidant and immune functions that can protect from adverse effects associated with @entity1161 ( @entity1161 ). The aim of this study was to test whether oral @entity1160 prevents @entity3136 ( @entity3136 ) or acute radiation-induced @entity2910 (ARIE) and favors nutritional status. This retrospective, cohort study included @entity1 treated with @entity1161 for @entity5 on head and neck (HN) or chest areas during the 2008-2010 period. Data on @entity1160 treatment (initiated before @entity1161 , during @entity1161 , or no @entity1160 ), appearance of @entity33 (according to World Health Organization criteria), @entity353 ( @entity353 ) during @entity1161 , moderate [body mass index (BMI) <20.5 kg/m(2) or @entity353 > 5%) or severe (BMI < 18.5 kg/m(2) or @entity353 > 10%) @entity3147 , and nutritional support were collected. Quantitative data were compared using Student's t-test and analysis of variance, and qualitative data using the chi-square test. The risk difference was calculated with its 95% confidence interval (95% CI). The sample included 117 @entity1 . Overall, @entity1160 was associated with a significant reduction of @entity33 , @entity353 , and enteral nutrition. The risk difference for developing @entity3136 in @entity1 receiving @entity1160 when compared with controls was -9.0% (95% CI = -18.0% to -1.0%), and for ARIE it was -14.0% (95% CI = -26.0% to -1.0%). More of the @entity1 not receiving @entity1160 developed severe @entity3147 when compared with those receiving this supplement, but there were no differences in other outcomes such as interruption of @entity1161 , hospitalization, use of opioid analgesics, or @entity204 during @entity1161 . @entity1160 may have a protective effect during @entity1161 , reducing the risk and severity of @entity3136 and ARIE, preventing @entity353 , and reducing the need for nutritional support. Prospective trials are required.

title: Efficacy of @entity1160 in the prevention of XXXX and acute radiation-induced @entity2910 : a retrospective study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3136 :: ('MESH:D013280', 'Disease') :: ['oral mucositis', 'OM']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['WL', 'weight loss']

entities_list: @entity1160 :: ('CHEBI:28300', 'Chemical') :: ['Glutamine', 'glutamine']

entities_list: @entity1161 :: ('MESH:D011832', 'Disease') :: ['radiation therapy', 'RT']

entities_list: @entity2910 :: ('MESH:D004941', 'Disease') :: ['esophagitis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['mucositis']

entities_list: @entity3147 :: ('MESH:D044342', 'Disease') :: ['malnutrition']

answer: @entity3136 :: (MESH:D013280,Disease) :: ['oral mucositis']


abstract: PURPOSE: To identify factors predictive of local recurrence as defined by a complete response to salvage radiation therapy in @entity1 whose disease recurs after radical prostatectomy. @entity1 AND METHODS: Ninety-five @entity1 with recurrence after radical prostatectomy who were evaluated by prostatic fossa biopsies, and a subset of 49 of these @entity1 treated with radiation for control of presumed or biopsy-proven local recurrence, were studied. RESULTS: Biopsies were positive in 40 (42%) of the 95 biopsied @entity1 . Multivariate analysis revealed that prebiopsy @entity1486 level, postrecurrence @entity1486 doubling time, and positive digital rectal examination (DRE) of the prostatic fossa were all statistically significant predictors of a positive biopsy. For the 49 @entity1 subsequently treated with salvage radiation therapy, the overall actuarial 3- and 5-year @entity1486 relapse-free probabilities were 43% and 24%, respectively. Univariate analysis showed no differences in the @entity1486 relapse-free probabilities associated with any pathologic features of the radical prostatectomy specimen, biopsy confirmation of local recurrence, or DRE of the prostatic fossa. In multivariate analysis, controlling for all other variables, preradiation @entity1486 and postrecurrence @entity1486 doubling time measured before radiation were the only statistically significant predictors of outcome. CONCLUSION: DRE of the prostatic fossa, prebiopsy @entity1486 , and postrecurrence @entity1486 doubling time predict which @entity1 will have biopsy-proven local recurrence. However, response to salvage radiation therapy is associated with postrecurrence @entity1486 doubling time and with preradiation @entity1486 level only. DRE of the prostatic fossa and biopsy confirmation of local recurrence are not associated with salvage radiation outcome.

title: Prediction of response to salvage radiation therapy in XXXX with prostate cancer recurrence after radical prostatectomy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PATIENTS', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1486 :: ('354', 'Gene') :: ['PSA', 'prostate-specific antigen (PSA)']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: RATIONALE: @entity112 H3 receptor functions as a presynaptic auto- and hetero-receptor on histaminergic and non-histaminergic neurons in the brain regulating the synaptic release of numerous neurotransmitters. Therefore, the ligands for this receptor have been proposed to be of therapeutic interest for the treatment of various @entity146 . At present, however, the psychopharmacological profiles of H3 ligands, particularly H3 agonists, have not been extensively studied. OBJECTIVE: The present study investigated the anxiolytic-like profiles of H3-selective agonists in a variety of classical ( @entity1245 -sensitive) and atypical (antidepressant-effective) animal models of @entity148 . Comparator drugs used were @entity3175 and both @entity3755 and @entity5829 in the former and latter models, respectively. RESULTS: H3 agonist @entity10448 and immepip were inactive in @entity35 elevated plus maze test and Vogel type conflict test where @entity3175 (5 mg/kg) produced significant anxiolytic-like effects. Meanwhile, these H3 agonists (10-30 mg/kg) significantly reduced isolation-induced vocalizations in @entity840 pups and isolation-induced @entity146 in @entity19 resident-intruder test. Moreover, in @entity35 conditioned fear stress test, @entity10448 (30 mg/kg) and immepip (10 mg/kg) significantly decreased freezing time, which were completely reversed by concomitant treatment with H3 antagonist, @entity13686 (10 mg/kg). In contrast to the limited efficacy obtained with @entity5829 (30 mg/kg), @entity3755 (20-60 mg/kg) exhibited anxiolytic-like effects in all the latter three atypical models. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that the H3 agonists may have anxiolytic-like effects similar to those of selective @entity750 reuptake inhibitors but not @entity1245 anxiolytics and represent a novel strategy for the treatment of some @entity148 in which selective @entity750 reuptake inhibitors are prescribed.

title: Anxiolytic-like profiles of XXXX H3 receptor agonists in animal models of @entity148 : a comparative study with antidepressants and @entity1245 anxiolytic.

entities_list: @entity3175 :: ('MESH:D003975', 'Chemical') :: ['diazepam']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['neuropsychiatric disorders', 'aggressive behavior']

entities_list: @entity5829 :: ('MESH:D003891', 'Chemical') :: ['desipramine']

entities_list: @entity3755 :: ('MESH:D016666', 'Chemical') :: ['fluvoxamine']

entities_list: @entity1245 :: ('MESH:D001569', 'Chemical') :: ['benzodiazepine']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['anxiety', 'anxiety disorders']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['serotonin']

entities_list: @entity112 :: ('MESH:D006632', 'Chemical') :: ['Histamine']

entities_list: @entity10448 :: ('CHEBI:73337', 'Chemical') :: ['R-alpha-methylhistamine']

entities_list: @entity13686 :: ('MESH:C052075', 'Chemical') :: ['thioperamide']

answer: @entity112 :: (MESH:D006632,Chemical) :: ['histamine']


abstract: Rapid control of symptoms is mandatory in @entity5 -induced @entity4264 ( @entity4264 ), but older @entity1 often do not tolerate aggressive approaches. In order to maximize symptom relief and minimize treatment-related discomfort of aged @entity1 in poor health we adopted a short-course, large-fraction @entity1161 ( @entity1161 ) schedule. Twenty-three consecutive @entity1 aged over 70 who were suffering from solid-malignancy-related @entity4264 were enrolled. A total dose of 12 Gy was given in two 6-Gy fractions, 1 week apart, mainly in an out- @entity1 setting. Completion of therapy to give up to 37-40 Gy was planned in the best-responding @entity1 . Symptom relief was experienced by 8 @entity1 as early as 4-5 days after the first fraction. The overall response rate was 87%. Despite some mild systemic side effects ( @entity662 , @entity221 ) reported by 5 @entity1 (22%), overall @entity137 was negligible. Short-course, double-flash @entity1161 stands as an effective and safe tool in the palliative treatment of malignant @entity4264 in older @entity1 . Fractions larger than 6 Gy can be avoided in order to minimize side and toxic effects.

title: Double-flash, large-fraction XXXX as palliative treatment of @entity4264 in the elderly.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['chest pain']

entities_list: @entity4264 :: ('MESH:D013479', 'Disease') :: ['superior vena cava syndrome', 'SVCS']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity1161 :: ('MESH:D011832', 'Disease') :: ['radiation therapy', 'RT']

answer: @entity1161 :: (MESH:D011832,Disease) :: ['radiation therapy']


abstract: Intramuscular injection of @entity4372 saline is a good model to study @entity1 @entity925 (Kellgren 1938). The present study concerns the intramuscular (i.m.) @entity158 mediators in saline-induced @entity925 . In experiment 1, the diffusion of infused @entity4372 (0.5 ml) in m. tibialis anterior was illustrated by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in one subject. In experiment 2, six volunteers received four sequential infusions (0.5 ml given at 5 min intervals) of isotonic saline and thereafter four sequential infusions (0.5 ml given at 5 min intervals) of @entity4372 saline into m. tibialis anterior. The isotonic and @entity4372 saline infusions were computer-controlled and separated by 20 min. The @entity925 intensity was assessed by continuous recordings on a visual analogue scale (VAS). One microdialysis probe was inserted 1 cm from the infusion needle in m. tibialis anterior and another probe in the other m. tibialis anterior. Concentrations of the i.m. @entity1372 , @entity972 , @entity1760 , and @entity1421 ( @entity1421 ) were assessed from the dialysates. Intramuscular electromyography (EMG) and pressure were assessed in the area of the infused saline. In experiment 1, the infusion of @entity4372 created a visible saline-pool on the MRI scans. These saline-pool volumes were stable and not correlated to the @entity158 scores. In experiment 2, infusion of isotonic saline produced @entity158 compared to infusion of @entity4372 saline. Maximal @entity158 was reported after the first infusion of @entity4372 saline and thereafter the @entity158 gradually decreased with subsequent infusions of @entity4372 saline. During infusion of @entity4372 saline the i.m. @entity1372 and @entity972 concentrations increased significantly, i.m. @entity1760 concentration tended to be increased, and the i.m. @entity1421 concentration tended to be decreased although these changes were not significant. The i.m. EMG was smaller during and after infusions of @entity4372 saline compared with isotonic saline. The i.m. pressure was not different during the infusions of @entity4372 but was increased between the infusions of @entity4372 saline. This study has shown that i.m. infusion of @entity4372 saline produced a saline-pool, causing the i.m. pressure to increase. Possibly, @entity158 activation and cessation are related to increased intramuscular @entity1372 and @entity972 content respectively.

title: In vivo model of @entity925 : quantification of intramuscular chemical, electrical, and pressure changes associated with saline-induced XXXX in @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1421 :: ('MESH:D015232', 'Chemical') :: ['PGE2', 'prostaglandin E2']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'little pain']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

entities_list: @entity4372 :: ('MESH:D009122', 'Disease') :: ['hypertonic', 'hypertonic and isotonic saline']

entities_list: @entity925 :: ('MESH:D063806', 'Disease') :: ['muscle pain']

entities_list: @entity1760 :: ('MESH:D008274', 'Chemical') :: ['magnesium']

answer: @entity925 :: (MESH:D063806,Disease) :: ['muscle pain']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the incidence and pattern of @entity4614 from @entity1640 ( @entity1640 ) and @entity16 following high-dose conformal fractionated proton-photon beam radiotherapy (PPRT) to the @entity1297 ( @entity1297 ) region in adults. The relationship between dose, volume, and @entity4611 function is explored. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Between May 1982 to October 1997, 107 adults with non- @entity4611 and @entity2339 (predominantly @entity3580 and @entity511 ) of the @entity1297 were treated with PPRT after subtotal resection(s). The median age was 41.2 years (range, 17-75) with 58 males and 49 females. Median prescribed target dose was 68.4 @entity1953 gray equivalent (CGE) (range, 55.8-79 CGE) at 1.80-1.92 CGE per fraction per day (where CGE = proton Gy x 1.1). The @entity1640 and @entity4611 were outlined on planning CT scans to allow dose-volume histograms (DVH) analysis. All @entity1 had baseline and follow-up clinical testing of anterior and posterior pituitary function including biochemical assessment of thyroid, adrenal, and gonadal function, and prolactin secretion. RESULTS: The 10-year actuarial overall survival rate was 87%, with median endocrine follow-up time of 5.5 years, thus the majority of @entity1 were available for long-term follow-up. Five-year actuarial rates of @entity2744 were as follows: 72% for @entity4089 , 30% for @entity1375 , 29% for @entity6126 , and 19% for @entity1887 . The respective 10-year @entity2744 rates were 84%, 63%, 36%, and 28%. No @entity1 developed @entity2010 ( @entity6659 ). @entity2338 was not routinely followed in this study. Minimum target dose (Dmin) to the @entity4611 was found to be predictive of @entity2744 : @entity1 receiving 50 CGE or greater at Dmin to the @entity4611 experiencing a higher incidence and severity (defined as the number of @entity2744 occurring per @entity1 ) of endocrine dysfunction. Dmax of 70 CGE or greater to the @entity4611 and Dmax of 50 CGE or greater to the @entity1640 were also predictive of higher @entity4903 . CONCLUSION: Radiation-induced damage to the @entity1640 _ @entity4611 occurs frequently after high-dose PPRT to the @entity1297 and is manifested by @entity4611 . @entity4089 was detected in the majority of @entity1 . Posterior @entity4611 , represented by vasopressin activity with @entity2010 , was not observed in this dose range. Limiting the dose to the @entity1640 and @entity4611 when feasible should reduce the risk of developing clinical @entity4614 .

title: @entity1640 /pituitary function following high-dose conformal radiotherapy to the XXXX : demonstration of a dose-effect relationship using dose-volume histogram analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4089 :: ('MESH:D006966', 'Disease') :: ['Hyperprolactinemia', 'hyperprolactinemia']

entities_list: @entity1375 :: ('MESH:D007037', 'Disease') :: ['hypothyroidism']

entities_list: @entity511 :: ('MESH:D002813', 'Disease') :: ['chondrosarcomas']

entities_list: @entity2338 :: ('MESH:D004393', 'Disease') :: ['Growth hormone deficiency']

entities_list: @entity1640 :: ('MESH:D007027', 'Disease') :: ['HT', 'hypothalamic']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary gland (PG) damage']

entities_list: @entity1887 :: ('MESH:D000309', 'Disease') :: ['hypoadrenalism']

entities_list: @entity1297 :: ('MESH:D019292', 'Disease') :: ['base of skull', 'BOS']

entities_list: @entity4611 :: ('MESH:D010900', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary dysfunction', 'PG', 'anterior pituitary gland dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity4614 :: ('MESH:D007018', 'Disease') :: ['hypopituitarism']

entities_list: @entity2339 :: ('MESH:D007029', 'Disease') :: ['non-HT neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity2744 :: ('MESH:C567425', 'Disease') :: ['endocrinopathy', 'endocrinopathies']

entities_list: @entity6126 :: ('MESH:D007006', 'Disease') :: ['hypogonadism']

entities_list: @entity6659 :: ('MESH:D020790', 'Disease') :: ['vasopressin deficiency']

entities_list: @entity4903 :: ('MESH:D004700', 'Disease') :: ['rates of endocrine dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity2010 :: ('MESH:D003919', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes insipidus']

answer: @entity1297 :: (MESH:D019292,Disease) :: ['base of skull']


abstract: A 36 year old white female came to our service after having been evaluated on repetitive occasions in the past for a workup of @entity11125 and acromegalic features. Since childhood she had developed tall stature, frontal bossing, prominence of zygomatic bones, separated teeth, large hands and size 14 shoes. @entity1 growth hormone and somatomedin serum levels had been normal on all occasions tested. Her past history was significant for primary @entity2588 and a 12 year history of @entity101 . On physical examination BP was 140/100, height 6' 2", weight 2571 bs. Her phenotype was truly acromegalic. There was absence of axillary and pubic hair with no breast development. External genitalia was of female appearance. Laboratory evaluation showed increased FSH of 88 mlU/ml, increase LH of 65.6 mlU/ml and decreased E2 of 12.6 pg/ml. Other findings were low serum @entity701 of 0.2 mg/dl, high ACTH of 344 pg/ml, low @entity9193 , high @entity3333 levels of 595 mg/dl, low @entity46009 less than 10 ng/dl, very high @entity1369 of 31 ng/dl and suppressed PRA of less than 0.1 ng/ml. A pelvic sonogram showed a right ovoid structure which could represent a gonad and failed to identify the uterus and left gonad. A bone densitometry showed a decrease bone mineral density compatible with @entity170 . Chromosome study showed a karyotype of 46-XY. A diagnosis was made of @entity53856 in a genotypic male. Our @entity1 was referred to the department of gynecology for surgical removal of the gonads. It is amazing how a @entity1 with severe @entity1887 can withstand 36 years of her life undiagnosed without going into an @entity774 . Her tall stature and acromegalic features were the striking signs confusing all physicians and delaying the correct diagnosis and appropriate treatment. There has been reported worldwide, nearly 120 cases with documented severe @entity53856 . To our knowledge this is the first case identified in Puerto Rico of male @entity4998 secondary to 17-alpha-hydroxylase enzyme deficiency.

title: [Male XXXX caused by enzymatic deficiency of 17-alpha-hydroxylase. 1st case reported in Puerto Rico].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'Human']

entities_list: @entity46009 :: ('MESH:D006907', 'Chemical') :: ['17-hydroxypregnenolone']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity1369 :: ('MESH:D000450', 'Chemical') :: ['aldosterone']

entities_list: @entity4998 :: ('MESH:D012734', 'Disease') :: ['pseudohermaphroditism']

entities_list: @entity3333 :: ('MESH:D011284', 'Chemical') :: ['pregnenolone']

entities_list: @entity53856 :: ('MESH:C538237', 'Disease') :: ['17-alpha-hydroxylase deficiency', 'congenital adrenal hyperplasia secondary to 17-alpha-hydroxylase deficiency']

entities_list: @entity1887 :: ('MESH:D000309', 'Disease') :: ['adrenal insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity9193 :: ('MESH:D015068', 'Chemical') :: ['17-Ketosteroids']

entities_list: @entity2588 :: ('MESH:D000568', 'Disease') :: ['amenorrhea']

entities_list: @entity774 :: ('MESH:D000312', 'Disease') :: ['adrenal crisis']

answer: @entity4998 :: (MESH:D012734,Disease) :: ['pseudohermaphroditism']


abstract: We report clinical and pathological features of a case of @entity303 due to dural sinus @entity715 . In three years before admission, the @entity1 , a 64-year old @entity1 , had had four @entity410 attacks; scattered @entity730 shadows were disclosed by plain CT. Ten months before the admission, he complained of progressive @entity2414 and @entity1056 . General physical examination showed no remarkable abnormalities except for bruit at the left mastoid process. Although his time orientation was poor, he was otherwise fully awake. Neurologically, @entity2414 , finger @entity1054 , and @entity1056 were observed. Right Barr  's sign, and exaggerated right patellar tendon reflex were observed. Plain X-ray CT revealed @entity730 -like, scattered high-density areas in the floor of the cerebral cortical sulci. Enhanced CT showed abnormal vessel high-density areas in both the cerebrum and brainstem. Cerebral angiography showed @entity715 of bilateral transverse sinuses, @entity7838 in the left transverse sinus, and remarkably dilated cortical veins over both cerebral hemispheres. Positron emission tomography revealed misery perfusion areas in bilateral cerebral hemispheres. We presume that the mass effect of @entity450 and chronic @entity63 due to the @entity7838 caused the @entity303 . These clinical manifestations were improved by @entity7776 and the @entity1 was discharged. During follow-up, he died of @entity510 , and an autopsy was performed. Pathological findings were as follows: 1) cortical and subcortical multiple- @entity1188 in the cerebrum, 2) @entity1410 in the subarachnoid space, 3) venous dilatation of the cortical veins and pseudocalcification of their walls, and 4) @entity715 in the transverse dural sinus.

title: [A case of venous dural sinus @entity715 presenting XXXX . An autopsy case].

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['convulsive']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia syndrome']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['subarachnoid hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity450 :: ('MESH:D006940', 'Disease') :: ['venous engorgement']

entities_list: @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['calcification']

entities_list: @entity1056 :: ('MESH:D060705', 'Disease') :: ['dyscalculia']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarction']

entities_list: @entity7776 :: ('MESH:D000547', 'Chemical') :: ['amantadine']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis', 'thrombus']

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['memory disturbance']

entities_list: @entity7838 :: ('MESH:D001159', 'Disease') :: ['arterio-venous fistula']

answer: @entity303 :: (MESH:D003704,Disease) :: ['dementia syndrome']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine if overprotection on the part of the @entity1 's family and friends contributes to the development of @entity299 after acute @entity583 . DESIGN: Longitudinal survey. SETTING: Nine hospitals in the southwestern United States. SUBJECTS: One hundred eleven @entity1 who had experienced a first @entity583 . Subjects were predominantly male, older-aged, married, caucasian, and in functional class I. Eighty-one @entity1 characterized themselves as being overprotected (i.e., receiving more social support from family and friends than desired), and 28 reported receiving inadequate support. Only two @entity1 reported receiving as much support as they desired. OUTCOME MEASURES: Self-esteem, emotional distress, health perceptions, interpersonal dependency, return to work. RESULTS: Overprotected @entity1 experienced less @entity148 , @entity308 , anger, @entity911 , more vigor, and higher self-esteem than inadequately supported @entity1 1 month after @entity583 (p < 0.05). Inadequately supported @entity1 were more dependent 4 months after the event. CONCLUSIONS: Overprotection on the part of family and friends may facilitate psychosocial adjustment in the early months after an acute @entity583 rather than lead to @entity299 .

title: Does overprotection cause cardiac invalidism after acute XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity911 :: ('MESH:D003221', 'Disease') :: ['confusion']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac invalidism']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'acute myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarction']


abstract: During a three-year period on the surgical services at the University of Texas in San Antonio, eight critically ill @entity1 had various types of gastric devascularization to control erosive @entity548 . Among these @entity1 were two @entity1 and one @entity1 . There were five chronic alcoholics, one @entity117 abuser, one severely burned @entity1 , and one @entity1 with @entity295 . Esophagogastroscopy was used in six @entity1 but was diagnostic in only three. All of the @entity1 were given intensive medical preoperative care, including an average of eight units of blood each. In four of the five known alcoholics, preoperative tests showed severely deranged clotting function. All of the @entity1 received at least a four-point gastric vessel ligation. In addition, four had gastrotomies, three had vagotomies and pyloroplasties, and two had "complete" gastric vessel ligation. There was no significant rebleeding in five @entity1 . Of the three @entity1 with significant recurrent @entity360 , two were chronic alcoholics with poor clotting function, and neither was considered operable. One @entity1 , the @entity1 , had massive rebleeding one week after gastric devascularization with vagotomy and pyloroplasty and required a subtotal gastrectomy. Of the four @entity1 who ultimately died, three were chronic alcoholics and one had @entity295 .

title: Gastric devascularization: an alternate approach to the surgical treatment of massive, XXXX from gastritis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'child']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhagic gastritis']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['gastric hemorrhage']

answer: @entity548 :: (MESH:D006470,Disease) :: ['diffuse hemorrhage']


abstract: The 12-item Stroke-Specific Quality of Life Scale (SSQOL), a shortened version of the original SSQOL, was developed to be an efficient and valid outcome in @entity64 research. We aimed to assess the validity of this scale in a biethnic @entity385 . @entity1 with validated @entity385 who completed the original 49-item SSQOL at 90 days poststroke were identified from a population-based study, the @entity75 in Corpus Christi Project. Cronbach's a was used to assess the internal consistency of the scales. Intraclass correlation coefficients and linear regression were used to assess agreement between the 2 scales. The study cohort comprised 45 @entity1 with @entity385 , 56% female and 51% Mexican American, with a mean age of 66.0  11.3 years. The mean score for the 49-item scale was 3.33  0.84, compared with 3.31  0.95 for the 12-item scale. Internal consistency was 0.96 for the 49-item scale and 0.88 for the 12-item scale. The 2 scales were highly correlated (intraclass correlation coefficient, 0.98; R2=0.97). This study in @entity1 with @entity385 from diverse racial/ethnic backgrounds found that the more efficient 12-item SSQOL is a valid alternative to the full 49-item SSQOL for the assessment of health-related quality of life.

title: Validation of the 12-item XXXX -specific quality of life scale in a biethnic @entity64 population.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['Brain Attack Surveillance']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke', 'ischemic stroke population']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['stroke']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity981 is the most common @entity5 in more-developed countries but it has few recognised risk factors or preventive measures. We aimed to determine and assess the risk factors associated with this disease. METHODS: From 1984 to 1992, we investigated known and suspected risk factors for common @entity981 diagnosed in a population-based case-control study of @entity1 aged 0-14 years in Western Australia. 83 @entity1 in the study group came from the sole referral centre for paediatric @entity5 in the state and 166 controls matched for age and sex were recruited through a postal survey of @entity1 randomly selected from the state electoral roll. We interviewed mothers of 83 study and 166 control @entity1 (82% and 74%, respectively, of those eligible). Fathers completed a self-administered questionnaire. FINDINGS: We recorded a protective association between @entity68 or @entity1501 supplementation in pregnancy and risk of common @entity981 in the @entity1 (odds ratio 0.37 [95% CI 0.21-0.65]; p=0.001). For @entity68 alone, the odds ratio was 0.75 (0.37-1.51); only one mother took @entity1501 without @entity68 . Further analyses of @entity1501 use with or without @entity68 (0.40; 0.21-0.73) showed that the protective effect varies little by time of first use of supplements or for how long they were taken. The association was not weakened by adjustment for potentially confounding variables. INTERPRETATION: Our results, though unexpected, suggest that @entity1501 supplementation in pregnancy reduces the risk of common @entity981 in the @entity1 .

title: Maternal @entity1501 supplementation in pregnancy and protection against XXXX in childhood: a case-control study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['child', 'children', 'people']

entities_list: @entity981 :: ('MESH:D054198', 'Disease') :: ['acute lymphoblastic leukaemia', 'Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'childhood cancer']

answer: @entity981 :: (MESH:D054198,Disease) :: ['acute lymphoblastic leukaemia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: In a prospective study it was our intention to evaluate the reliability and the predictive value of expiratory @entity1068 for the early detection of the occurrence of @entity751 and emphasize the role of the serum levels of @entity2228 in clinical manifestation. METHODS: We studied 30 @entity1 scheduled for elective traditional transuretral resection of the prostate performed with @entity510 . Serum @entity1372 and @entity2228 concentrations, serum osmolality and end-expiratory @entity1068 levels were monitored at scheduled intervals. Continuous heart rate and blood pressure monitoring was performed during the perioperative period in the operativing room and, later, in the recovery room. Occurrence of cardiocirculatory, respiratory and @entity16 were recorded. Statistics included Bonferroni's t-test and Fisher's exact test. A decision level plot for end-expiratory @entity1068 level was performed for the choice of predictivity criterion. RESULTS: In our population we identified three groups of @entity1 : Group I (15 @entity1 ) in which no symptom was recorded; Group II (6 @entity1 ) in which non-specific anesthesia-related symptoms occurred; Group III (9 @entity1 ) in which @entity751 of various degree of severity was observed. In this group of @entity1 changes in serum @entity1372 and @entity2228 concentrations, serum osmolality and end-expiratory @entity1068 levels were significantly different compared with the other two groups. In regard to end-expiratory @entity1068 levels, we identified a cut-off point at 0.05 mg/ml. In Group III two @entity1 developed @entity1939 . These @entity1 had the highest serum @entity2228 concentrations (> 4000 mumol/ml). Mortality was nil. CONCLUSIONS: Our data show the reliability and accuracy of end-expiratory @entity1068 levels as a predictive test of the occurrence of @entity751 . Further, we emphasize the role of serum @entity2228 concentration in the occurrence of @entity16 related to the transurethral resection of the prostate.

title: The XXXX : importance of expiratory @entity1068 measurement and high serum levels of @entity2228 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2228 :: ('CHEBI:57305', 'Chemical') :: ['glycine']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['subarachnoid anesthesia']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurologic symptoms']

entities_list: @entity1939 :: ('MESH:D001766', 'Disease') :: ['transient blindness']

entities_list: @entity751 :: ('MESH:D013577', 'Disease') :: ['TURP syndrome']

answer: @entity751 :: (MESH:D013577,Disease) :: ['TURP syndrome']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: To evaluate @entity344 by abdominal auscultation. METHODS: Abdominal auscultated sounds of 20 healthy adults and 10 @entity6 @entity1 with delayed @entity356 were digitally recorded and then analyzed by computer while simultaneously monitoring the motility of the antrum of the stomach by ultrasonography. The auscultated sound, when the stomach wall was moving, was regarded as the gastroduodenal (GD) sound and when not moving as the intestinal (I) sound. The sound index (SI; the sum of the amplitude) was calculated to indicate the power of sound. Sounds were recorded for 15 min under fasting conditions and 60 min after a liquid meal. In six healthy adults, the gastroduodenal pressure was recorded under abdominal auscultation to detect any correlation between the @entity1319 ( @entity1319 ; the sum of the area under the curve) and SI. RESULTS: A definite increase in the SI of the GD sound was observed after the liquid meal in comparison with that of the I sound. A positive correlation (r = 0.678) was observed between the SI of the GD sound and @entity1319 , thus, it was considered that the GD sound reflected the motility of the gastroduodenal wall. In the @entity6 @entity1 , the SI of the GD sound was significantly lower after food intake than in healthy adults. CONCLUSION: The results of the present study indicate that the abdominal auscultation test could be used as a new diagnostic method to detect any abnormality in @entity344 .

title: Evaluation of XXXX by computerized analysis of abdominal auscultation findings.

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal motility']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric emptying']

entities_list: @entity1319 :: ('MESH:D015835', 'Disease') :: ['motility index', 'MI']

answer: @entity344 :: (MESH:D005767,Disease) :: ['gastrointestinal motility']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVES: To evaluate whether transbronchial biopsy (TBB) is useful for the diagnosis of @entity8007 (FL) by calculating the likelihood ratios (LHRs) of (1) simple pathologic criteria and (2) an overall assessment of the biopsy specimens. DESIGN: Retrospective study in which a blinded analysis of 105 TBBs with adequate material from @entity1 with @entity66 (55 cases of FL matched with 50 control samples) was performed by two independent pathologists. SETTING: Respiratory clinic of a university-affiliated referral center. MEASUREMENTS: Three pathologic criteria were first studied: (1) @entity2617 ( @entity2617 ); (2) focal @entity2617 ; and (3) @entity738 . Then, an overall assessment or the TBB was done. Four diagnostic categories were considered: (1) probable FL; (2) possible FL; (3) nonspecific; and (4) alternative diagnosis. LHRs favoring the diagnosis of FL were calculated for the pathologic criteria and for each diagnostic category. RESULTS: For both the pathologic criteria and the overall assessments, the interobserver agreement was fair. As a pathologic criterion, "diffuse @entity2617 " was better than "loosely formed @entity738 " to discriminate FL from control samples (LHR, 9.1 [confidence interval, 2.2 to 37.0] vs 1.8 [confidence interval, 0.5 to 6.9]). After the overall assessment, as many as 48.6% of the TBBs were read as nonspecific. The LHRs of the four diagnostic categories were as follows: (1) probable FL: 1.1 (observer 1) and 2.6 (observer 2); (2) possible FL: 2.2 and 1.7; (3) nonspecific: 0.9 and 0.6; and (4) alternative diagnosis: 0.4 and 0.0. CONCLUSION: @entity1710 - @entity1711 -stained TBB specimen is of limited usefulness for the diagnosis of FL and should be reserved for @entity1 with intermediate pretest probability of FL. Diffuse @entity2617 best discriminates FL from control samples and should be specifically sought.

title: Diagnostic accuracy of transbronchial biopsy in acute XXXX .

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['parenchymal diseases']

entities_list: @entity738 :: ('MESH:D006099', 'Disease') :: ['granulomas', 'granuloma']

entities_list: @entity2617 :: ('MESH:D017254', 'Disease') :: ['diffuse lymphocytic infiltration', 'LI']

entities_list: @entity8007 :: ('MESH:D005203', 'Disease') :: ["acute farmer's lung"]

entities_list: @entity1710 :: ('MESH:D006416', 'Chemical') :: ['Hematoxylin']

answer: @entity8007 :: (MESH:D005203,Disease) :: ['farmer's lung disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Delayed @entity4282 (EDH) after decompressive surgery for @entity6477 ( @entity3439 ) is uncommon. If unrecognized, this delayed @entity1410 can cause devastating consequences. We present our experience with this group of @entity1 and discuss the diagnosis and management of this dangerous condition. METHODS: This study included 12 @entity130 @entity1 with acute @entity3439 who developed delayed contralateral EDH after acute @entity3439 evacuation. Clinical and radiographic information was obtained through a retrospective review of the medical records and the radiographs. RESULTS: There were seven males and five females. Nine @entity1 had severe @entity542 (Glasgow @entity772 Scale {GCS} score < or = 8). Ten @entity1 underwent acute @entity3439 evacuation within 4 hours after the @entity130 . Intraoperative @entity4 during @entity3439 evacuation was noted in 10 @entity1 . A skull fracture at the site of the EDH on computed tomography (CT) was noted only in 10 @entity1 . However, a skull fracture overlying the EDH was found during EDH evacuation in all @entity1 . Only three @entity1 with less severe @entity542 (GCS > 8) had good recovery. Other @entity1 with severe @entity542 (GCS < or = 8) had poor outcome. CONCLUSIONS: Severe @entity542 , a skull fracture contralateral to the original @entity1410 , intraoperative brain protrusion, and a poor outcome are typical clinical findings in this disorder. In @entity1 with acute @entity3439 and a contralateral skull fracture, immediate postoperative CT scan is indicated to evaluate this rare but potentially lethal complication. According to the findings of the postoperative CT scan, the neurosurgeon can make an appropriate strategy of treatment promptly. Early detection and prompt treatment may improve the poor outcome in this group of @entity1 .

title: Contralateral acute epidural @entity1410 after decompressive surgery of XXXX : clinical features and outcome.

entities_list: @entity4282 :: ('MESH:D046748', 'Disease') :: ['contralateral epidural hematoma']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['brain swelling']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['head injury']

entities_list: @entity6477 :: ('MESH:D020199', 'Disease') :: ['acute subdural hematoma']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['trauma', 'traumatic']

answer: @entity6477 :: (MESH:D020199,Disease) :: ['acute subdural hematoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The increased morbidity and mortality associated with @entity1003 and @entity882 after @entity130 are well described. However, few studies have assessed platelet function after injury. METHODS: Blood samples were prospectively collected from 101 @entity1 with @entity130 and @entity130 on arrival to the emergency department and serially after admission to a Level I urban @entity130 intensive care unit from November 2010 to October 2011 and functionally assayed for responsiveness to @entity857 , thrombin receptor-activating peptide, @entity1426 (AA), and collagen using multiple electrode impedance aggregometry. RESULTS: Of the 101 enrolled @entity1 , 46 (45.5%) had below-normal platelet response to at least one agonist (" @entity1423 ") at admission, and 92 @entity1 (91.1%) had @entity1423 some time during their intensive care unit stay. Admission @entity1423 was associated with low Glasgow @entity772 Scale score and a nearly 10-fold higher early mortality. Logistic regression identified admission Glasgow @entity772 Scale (odds ratio, 0.819; p = 0.008) and base deficit (odds ratio, 0.872; p = 0.033) as independent predictors of @entity1423 . Admission AA and collagen responsiveness were significantly lower for @entity1 who died (p < 0.01), whereas admission platelet counts were similar (p = 0.278); Cox regression confirmed thrombin receptor-activating peptide, AA, and collagen responsiveness as independent predictors of in-hospital mortality (p < 0.05). Receiver operating characteristic analysis identified admission AA and collagen responsiveness as negative predictors of both 24-hour (AA area under the curve [AUC], 0.874; collagen AUC, 0.904) and in-hospital mortality (AA AUC, 0.769; collagen AUC, 0.717). CONCLUSION: In this prognostic study, we identify clinically significant @entity1423 after @entity130 in the presence of an otherwise reassuring platelet count and standard clotting studies, with profound implications for mortality. Multiple electrode impedance aggregometry reliably identifies this dysfunction in injured @entity1 , and admission AA and collagen responsiveness are sensitive and specific independent predictors of both early and late mortality.

title: Characterization of XXXX after @entity130 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity1423 :: ('MESH:D001791', 'Disease') :: ['platelet hypofunction', 'platelet dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1003 :: ('MESH:D001778', 'Disease') :: ['coagulopathy']

entities_list: @entity1426 :: ('MESH:D016718', 'Chemical') :: ['arachidonic acid']

entities_list: @entity857 :: ('MESH:D000244', 'Chemical') :: ['adenosine diphosphate']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['critical injury', 'trauma']

answer: @entity1423 :: (MESH:D001791,Disease) :: ['platelet dysfunction']


abstract: @entity6402 complex (Bcc) bacteria are opportunistic pathogens that cause multiresistant @entity358 in @entity1 with @entity1577 ( @entity1577 ). In this study, we evaluated the in vitro antimicrobial efficacy of eight @entity1474 against @entity7081 K56-2, a @entity1577 . @entity4600 ( @entity4601 ) was the most active compound. Its action can be either bacteriostatic or bactericidal, depending upon the concentration used. The effect of @entity4601 was also evaluated on two others @entity7081 clinical isolates and compared with one representative member of all the 17 Bcc species. To test whether @entity4601 could have a therapeutic potential, we assessed its efficacy using a Galleria mellonella caterpillar model of @entity7081 infection. We observed that the treatment of infected larvae with a single dose of @entity4601 (50 mM) caused an increase in the survival rate as well as a reduced bacterial load. Moreover, @entity4601 administration markedly increases the expression profile of the gene encoding the antimicrobial peptide @entity52175 . Our results demonstrate that @entity4601 has in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activity against Bcc microorganisms. These findings provide evidence that @entity4601 may be a useful nutraceutical for the treatment of @entity1577 @entity1 with @entity358 caused by antibiotic multiresistant Bcc microorganisms.

title: The antibacterial properties of docosahexaenoic omega-3 fatty acid against the XXXX multiresistant pathogen @entity7081 .

entities_list: @entity6402 :: ('292', 'Species') :: ['Burkholderia cepacia']

entities_list: @entity4600 :: ('CHEBI:28125', 'Chemical') :: ['Docosahexaenoic acid']

entities_list: @entity52175 :: ('MESH:C512107', 'Chemical') :: ['gallerimycin']

entities_list: @entity1474 :: ('MESH:D005231', 'Chemical') :: ['unsaturated fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity7081 :: ('95486', 'Species') :: ['Burkholderia cenocepacia', 'B.  cenocepacia']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary infections', 'lung infections']

entities_list: @entity1577 :: ('MESH:D003550', 'Disease') :: ['CF', 'cystic fibrosis', 'CF epidemic strain']

answer: @entity1577 :: (MESH:D003550,Disease) :: ['cystic fibrosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare a broad-range real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) diagnostic strategy with culture to evaluate additional effects on the etiological diagnosis and the quantification of the bacterial load during the course of ventricular drainage-related @entity4008 (VR-BM). METHODS: We applied a PCR that targeted conserved regions of the 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid gene to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from @entity1 with external ventricular drainage or a ventriculoperitoneal shunt during the course of VR-BM. We compared the PCR results with CSF cultures. A total of 350 routine CSF samples were consecutively collected from 86 @entity1 . The CSF deoxyribonucleic acid was automatically purified and subjected to PCR. Amplicons from the PCR samples that were positive for VR-BM were subsequently deoxyribonucleic acid sequenced for final identification. Clinical data were extracted from @entity1 files. RESULTS: Sixteen @entity1 had at least one VR-BM-positive sample as diagnosed from culture or PCR. Nineteen episodes were diagnosed with signs of VR-BM (n = 16 @entity1 ) or were determined to be contaminated (n = 3 @entity1 ). Four episodes of VR-BM were diagnosed via PCR alone and were predominantly caused by gram-negative pathogens, five episodes were diagnosed via culture alone, and seven episodes were diagnosed via both culture and PCR. Five @entity1 had @entity325 . Overall, 71 samples were positive for VR-BM as indicated by either one or both of the methods. Eighteen CSF samples were VR-BM positive as indicated by culture alone, and 21 CSF samples were positive as indicated via PCR alone. CONCLUSIONS: Culture supplemented with broad-range, real-time PCR may increase the number of etiologically diagnosed VR-BM episodes, particularly when these are caused by gram-negative bacteria.

title: Diagnosis of ventricular drainage-related XXXX by broad-range real-time polymerase chain reaction.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity325 :: ('MESH:D060085', 'Disease') :: ['mixed infections']

entities_list: @entity4008 :: ('MESH:D016920', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial meningitis']

answer: @entity4008 :: (MESH:D016920,Disease) :: ['bacterial meningitis']


abstract: A prospective study of 48 @entity1 with @entity977 , 19 @entity652 causing @entity699 , 18 @entity652 causing @entity2012 , and 11 clinically hormone-inactive @entity652 (inactive @entity652 ), was performed to study emotional disorders occurring before and after transsphenoidal microsurgery. Factors which led to an obvious delay in the diagnostic process were identified. - The tools utilised were an interview and repeated personality assessments. The personality assessments were begun preoperatively and continued for about half a year postoperatively. The interview data, including retrospective statements regarding somatic difficulties, was analysed. - The thesis of a uniform psychopathology due to the influence of elevated hormone levels, and a lack in @entity1 ' sensitivity towards their changed appearance in @entity2012 could not be confirmed. A high variability of reported emotional problems was found. The most common psychopathological signs for @entity699 were @entity2146 and @entity308 , for @entity2012 fatigue/loss of energy was the most frequent complaint. Six to eight months postoperatively, a majority of @entity1 noticed an increase of physical well-being. In @entity2012 , the time span between first consultation and diagnosis averaged 6.2 years, in @entity699 it was 4.3 years, and in inactive @entity652 it was 3.9 years. Only a small part of the delay in diagnosis, less than two years, could be attributed to the @entity1 ' hesitation to consult a physician.

title: Emotional disorders in XXXX with different types of @entity977 and factors affecting the diagnostic process.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity699 :: ('MESH:D003480', 'Disease') :: ["Cushing's disease"]

entities_list: @entity2012 :: ('MESH:D000172', 'Disease') :: ['acromegaly']

entities_list: @entity2146 :: ('MESH:D011595', 'Disease') :: ['excitability']

entities_list: @entity977 :: ('MESH:D010911', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary adenomas']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['adenomas']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3080 may form a barrier that prevents bacterial invasion when used in tissue. Because @entity3080 polymerizes within seconds on contact with aqueous media, it is used worldwide to @entity2312 . The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of @entity2259 after endoscopic @entity3080 injection for gastric @entity548 . METHODS: @entity1 with @entity82 who underwent endoscopic @entity3080 injection for gastric @entity548 were included. @entity1 with @entity82 who underwent upper endoscopy for nonvariceal @entity548 were recruited as controls. @entity1 with @entity281 before endoscopy were excluded. Blood was cultured in both groups. Injection needles and endoscope accessory channels were cultured in the @entity3080 injection group. RESULTS: More @entity1 injected with @entity3080 had positive blood cultures in comparison with the control group (15/47 vs. 1/47, p < 0.0001). In the @entity3080 injection group, the volume of blood transfused and @entity1 -Pugh score were factors associated with the occurrence of @entity2259 . Most episodes of @entity2259 were transient, except for 1 @entity1 who died of @entity295 . Most of the microorganisms cultured from blood samples were identical to those cultured from injection needles (65%) and accessory channels (90%). CONCLUSIONS: Endoscopic @entity3080 injection for gastric varices does not limit the spread of bacteria. The endoscope accessory channel was the major source of bacteria. Most episodes of @entity2259 were transient and uneventful.

title: XXXX after endoscopic injection of N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate for gastric @entity548 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Child', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['upper GI bleeding', 'variceal bleeding']

entities_list: @entity3080 :: ('MESH:D003487', 'Chemical') :: ['cyanoacrylate', 'Cyanoacrylate']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity2312 :: ('MESH:D004932', 'Disease') :: ['arrest gastric variceal bleeding']

entities_list: @entity2259 :: ('MESH:D016470', 'Disease') :: ['bacteremia']

answer: @entity2259 :: (MESH:D016470,Disease) :: ['Bacteremia']


abstract: Ligation and transection of the L5 spinal nerve in the @entity35 lead to behavioral signs of @entity158 and @entity1931 . Discharge of injured nociceptors has been presumed to play a role in generating the @entity158 . However, A fibers, but not C fibers, in the injured L5 spinal nerve have been shown to develop spontaneous activity. Moreover, an L5 dorsal root rhizotomy does not reverse this @entity158 behavior, suggesting that signals from other uninjured spinal nerves are involved. We asked if abnormal activity develops in an adjacent, uninjured root. Single nerve fiber recordings were made from the L4 spinal nerve after ligation and transection of the L5 spinal nerve. Within 1 d of the lesion, spontaneous activity developed in approximately half of the @entity7183 afferents. This spontaneous activity was at a low level (median rate, seven action potentials/5 min), originated distal to the dorsal root ganglion, and was present in nociceptive fibers with cutaneous receptive fields. The incidence and level of spontaneous activity were similar 1 week after injury. The early onset of spontaneous activity in uninjured nociceptive afferents could be the signal that produces the central sensitization responsible for the development of @entity1931 . Because L4 afferents comingle with degenerating L5 axons in the peripheral nerve, we hypothesize that products associated with @entity6441 lead to an alteration in the properties of the adjacent, uninjured afferents.

title: Early onset of spontaneous activity in uninjured XXXX nociceptors after injury to neighboring nerve fibers.

entities_list: @entity1931 :: ('MESH:D006930', 'Disease') :: ['mechanical hyperalgesia', 'hyperalgesia']

entities_list: @entity6441 :: ('MESH:D014855', 'Disease') :: ['Wallerian degeneration']

answer: @entity7183 :: (10185,Species) :: ['C-fiber']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity24782 is an inherited @entity8 caused by @entity26746 gene mutations. While a typical phenotype characterized by low-molecular-weight (LMW) @entity644 , @entity5200 , @entity11604 , @entity1790 , @entity11089 and progressive @entity177 in various combinations often enables a clinical diagnosis, less severe sub-clinical cases may go under-diagnosed. METHODS: By single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis and direct sequencing, we screened 40 male @entity1 from 40 unrelated families for @entity26746 gene mutations. Twenty-four of these @entity1 had the prominent features of @entity24782 , including LMW @entity644 , @entity5200 and @entity11604 . RESULTS: We identified 24 mutations in the @entity26746 gene in 21/24 @entity1 with a typical phenotype and in 3/16 @entity1 with a partial clinical picture of @entity24782 . Overall, 10 novel @entity26746 mutations were identified (E6fsX11, W58fsX97, @entity57102 , @entity57103 , @entity57104 , F444fsX448, @entity57105 , @entity57106 , @entity57107 and @entity57108 ), extending the number of mutations identified so far from 75 to 85. The @entity26746 coding sequence was normal in three @entity1 . In the group with an incomplete @entity24782 phenotype, we detected two intronic mutations and one silent substitution leading to the up regulation of an alternatively spliced isoform. CONCLUSIONS: Our data confirm the genetic heterogeneity of @entity24782 . In most classic cases, the clinical diagnosis is confirmed by genetic tests.

title: Phenotypic and genetic heterogeneity in XXXX --the results of an Italian collaborative study.

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['tubulopathy']

entities_list: @entity11604 :: ('MESH:D009397', 'Disease') :: ['nephrocalcinosis']

entities_list: @entity24782 :: ('MESH:D057973', 'Disease') :: ["Dent's disease"]

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity1790 :: ('MESH:D053040', 'Disease') :: ['nephrolithiasis']

entities_list: @entity5200 :: ('MESH:D053565', 'Disease') :: ['hypercalciuria']

answer: @entity24782 :: (MESH:D057973,Disease) :: ['Dent's disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Locations where there are no dust mites or pets present may contain allergens that pose a risk factor for sensitizing and inducing @entity2490 and @entity565 . OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship among the prevalence of mites and mite, @entity235 , and cat allergens in homes, on clothing, and on automobile seats. METHODS: Over a 2-year period (July 1998 to July 2000), dust mite and mite, @entity235 , and cat allergen densities were determined in homes, associated automobiles, and on the clothing of the drivers. During this period 87 homes were sampled one to five times each. RESULTS: Low levels of live and dead mites were present in most dust samples obtained from automobile seats and in 16% from clothing. Seventy-two and 50% of the home samples had >2 microg and >10 microg Der l/g of dust, respectively, whereas 23% of automobiles seat samples had >2 microg Der l/g of dust with a mean of 1.3 microg/g. Mite and Der 1 densities were not different for homes with or without pets. However, homes with pets had significantly more Fel d 1 or @entity17874 allergen than homes without pets. Homes without @entity468 and @entity235 had an average of 93 and 29 microg/g of @entity17874 , respectively, which was well above threshold levels for sensitization and induction of @entity56 . Although most clothing had detectable levels of pet allergen, the levels of these allergens were low. CONCLUSIONS: Der 1 densities in some automobiles were sufficiently high (>2 microg/g of dust) to be risk factors for sensitization and @entity56 . However, most automobile seats had levels of @entity235 and cat allergen that were well above the threshold levels considered to be risk factors for both sensitization and symptoms, regardless of the presence of a pet in the home. The presence of live and dead mites and mite, cat, and @entity235 allergens in automobiles and on clothing suggests that both are vehicles in the dispersal of mites and mite and pet allergen.

title: Relationship among house-dust mites, Der 1, Fel d 1, and XXXX on clothing and automobile seats with respect to densities in houses.

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic reactions']

answer: @entity17874 :: (403830(Tax:9615),Gene) :: ['Can f 1']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical usefulness of an oral combination of @entity786 , @entity5537 plus tegafur (UFT) and @entity12749 in the treatment of @entity1 with @entity263 ( @entity263 ). METHODS: Twenty-one @entity1 were treated with oral administration of @entity786 (100 mg/day), UFT (400 mg/day) and @entity13950 (560 mg/day). The median age of the @entity1 was 70 years. Twelve @entity1 had symptomatic bone @entity3 , 6 had asymptomatic bone @entity3 , 5 had @entity1600 , while 2 had only biochemical progression evaluated by @entity1486 (PSA). RESULTS: Twelve (57%) out of 21 @entity1 showed a PSA decline of 50% or greater. The median response duration was 7 months (range 2-15 months). Among the 20 @entity1 assessable for bone @entity158 , 2 (10%) improved, 12 (60%) remained stable and 6 (30%) progressed. Among the 10 @entity1 assessable for bone @entity3 , 1 (10%) improved, 5 (50%) were stable and 4 (40%) progressed on bone scan. Among 3 @entity1 assessable for measurable disease ( @entity1600 ), 2 (67%) showed partial response and 1 (33%) progression. Most @entity137 were mild. CONCLUSIONS: The combination of @entity786 , UFT and @entity12749 is an active and well-tolerated regimen for @entity263 . To evaluate the survival benefit, further randomized studies are required.

title: Oral combination of @entity786 , @entity5537 plus tegafur and @entity12749 for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity12749 :: ('MESH:D004961', 'Chemical') :: ['estramustine']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['hormone-refractory prostate cancer', 'HRPC']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity1600 :: ('MESH:D014388', 'Disease') :: ['lymph node metastasis']

entities_list: @entity13950 :: ('CHEBI:68643', 'Chemical') :: ['estramustine phosphate']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity1486 :: ('354', 'Gene') :: ['prostate-specific antigen']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['hormone-refractory prostate cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: As the HLA system is involved in recognition of self and non-self, an association with the development of @entity19417 ( @entity19417 ) seems probable. In this study, the relation between HLA antigens and @entity19417 and it's severity were investigated. METHODS: Consecutive @entity1 diagnosed with @entity19417 at our centre, who were followed for at least 2 years, were included. The frequency of HLA antigens of @entity19417 and @entity2883 @entity1 was compared with 5872 healthy blood donors from the same region and with 4000 healthy Dutch controls originating from a Eurotransplant database. RESULTS: From 304 @entity19417 @entity1 , sufficient data were available. We found DR13(6) to be less prevalent and both @entity4107 and the ancestral haplotype A1B8DR3 more prevalent in @entity1 with @entity19417 compared with controls, particularly in @entity1 with @entity2883 . In addition, @entity5958 was less prevalent in @entity1 with @entity2883 in comparison with controls. Further, DR8 was more prevalent in @entity1 with CSS compared with other forms of @entity1333 and controls. There were no associations between HLA antigens and disease characteristics or course of @entity19417 or @entity2883 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity19417 is associated with increased prevalence of @entity4107 and the ancestral haplotype A1B8DR3 and with decreased prevalence of DR13(6), particularly in @entity1 with @entity2883 . In @entity1 with @entity2883 , prevalence of @entity5958 was decreased, whereas in @entity1 with CSS DR8 was increased. No associations between HLA antigens and disease characteristics or course of @entity19417 were found.

title: HLA- @entity4107 , DR13(6) and the ancestral haplotype A1B8DR3 are associated with XXXX and @entity2883 .

entities_list: @entity1333 :: ('MESH:D014657', 'Disease') :: ['vasculitis']

entities_list: @entity19417 :: ('MESH:D056648', 'Disease') :: ['AAV', 'ANCA-associated vasculitis']

answer: @entity19417 :: (MESH:D056648,Disease) :: ['ANCA-associated vasculitis']


abstract: In this study, we investigated the hypothesis that dietary protein content and type are related to cardiometabolic risk factors including body mass index, waist circumference (WC), serum @entity1674 , high-density lipoprotein @entity165 (HDL-C), serum fasting @entity413 , and blood pressure. This population-based study was conducted on 2537 subjects aged 19 to 70 years and selected from among @entity1 of the Tehran Lipid and @entity413 Study (2006-2008). Dietary data were collected using a validated semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. Associations between intakes of total protein as well as the animal-to-plant (A/P) protein ratio and cardiometabolic risk factors were analyzed using multivariate linear regression models. Dietary protein intakes were 13.7% and 13.6% of energy, in @entity1 and @entity1 , respectively; the A/P protein ratio in @entity1 was significantly higher than in @entity1 (1.8    1.4 vs 1.4    0.9). Body mass index was associated with total protein intake in @entity1 (b = 0.14, P = .01) and A/P protein ratio in @entity1 (b = 0.075, P = .01). Waist circumference was associated with total protein intake (b = -0.048, P = .03) and A/P protein ratio (b=0.031, P = .05) in women. Serum fasting @entity413 was associated with both total protein intake (b=0.061 and 0.11, P < .05) and the A/P proteinratio (b = -0.078 and -0.056, P < .05) in both @entity1 and women, respectively. Serum HDL-C was associated with total protein intake (b = 0.107 and 0.07, P < .05) in both @entity1 and @entity1 , whereas diastolic blood pressure in @entity1 was associated with total protein intake (b = -0.125, P = .01). In conclusion, higher dietary protein intake was associated with enhanced HDL-C levels, WC, and diastolic BP, and a higher ratio of A/P protein intake was related with lower serum fasting @entity413 andWC.

title: Dietary protein intake is associated with favorable cardiometabolic risk factors in adults: Tehran Lipid and XXXX Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose', 'Glucose']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity413 :: (MESH:D005947,Chemical) :: ['Glucose']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The effects of severe and moderate @entity1372 restriction on blood pressure, neurohormonal activity and serum lipids were studied in non- @entity28 normotensive adults. METHODS: In the first part of the study, 163 subjects were randomly assigned to a diet of 20 or 300 mmol/day @entity1372 for 1 week each. In the second part, 25 subjects were given a diet of 85 or 200 mmol/day @entity1372 for 4 weeks each in random order. RESULTS: After severe salt restriction 19% of the subjects had a significant decline (salt-sensitive group), 15% showed a significant rise (counter-regulator group) and 66% exhibited no change in blood pressure (salt-resistant group). Severe @entity1372 restriction increased plasma @entity916 activity and @entity1063 concentration, as well as serum total and low-density lipoprotein- @entity165 and @entity1674 . After correction for haematocrit, only the changes in total and low-density lipoprotein- @entity165 remained significant. The rise in plasma @entity916 activity during salt restriction was steeper in the counter-regulator group than in the other groups, whereas the changes in plasma @entity1063 concentrations were similar in all groups. During moderate salt restriction, plasma @entity916 activity and @entity1063 concentration were significantly increased, but serum lipid concentrations and blood pressure did not change. CONCLUSION: In non- @entity28 normotensive adults, severe and moderate salt restriction stimulates neurohormonal activity. In contrast to severe salt restriction, a moderate reduction in dietary salt intake does not influence blood lipids in normotensive subjects.

title: Neurohormonal and metabolic effects of severe and moderate salt restriction in non- XXXX normotensive adults.

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['noradrenaline']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obese']


abstract: @entity571 is the most common cause of knee @entity158 in the aged. This disease is characterized by degenerative changes in the articular cartilage and subsequent new bone formation at the articular margins. The primary defect in hyaline cartilage is an alteration in the ratio of total glycosaminoglycans to that of the collagen fiber content in the matrix. The disease frequently is primary but various predisposing conditions are recognized. In early phase of this disease, the @entity1 complains of @entity158 , which appears with exercise but can be "walked off". The joint is often felt to creak and grate, and swells from time to time, especially after any unusual activity involving a flexed position. As the disease progresses, the @entity1 finds increasing difficulty in the activities of daily life. It should be emphasized that, in the early phase, almost of all @entity1 can be managed by conservative means such as @entity353 , isometric quadriceps exercises, use of a walking stick and antiinflammatory analgesic drugs. The predominant indication for surgical treatment is persistent @entity158 and serious disturbance of the activities of daily life against conservative treatment. High tibial osteotomy has proved to be useful in the medial osteoarthritic knees. However, the long-term follow-up studies conducted by the author have shown that effects of this procedure gradually deteriorate after 10 years. Clinical results of total prosthetic replacement of the knee joint have been well improved in this decade. Ten-year survivorship has recently been reported to be 95% or more. However, the most common problem is loosening of the component. Wear particles derived from the tibial plate made from ultra high molecular weight @entity691 have been noted as the primary cause of the loosening.

title: [Knee @entity158 in the aged--pathomechanism, diagnosis, and treatment of XXXX of the knee].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity691 :: ('MESH:D020959', 'Chemical') :: ['polyethylene']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['Osteoarthritis']

answer: @entity571 :: (MESH:D010003,Disease) :: ['osteoarthritis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: General and spinal anesthesia are currently in widespread use during transurethral @entity150 resection. However, local anesthetic methods are claimed to provide sufficient intra-operative @entity1337 and satisfactory post-operative @entity158 management. We evaluated whether local @entity1343 infiltration of the @entity5 would result in outcomes, in terms of intra-operative @entity1337 , similar to those for utilization of general anesthesia. Post-operative @entity1337 and @entity1 satisfaction were also assessed. @entity1 AND METHODS: Twenty @entity1 with recurrent solitary @entity150 were randomly allocated in two groups. Group A, underwent @entity5 resection under general anesthesia and group B was treated with resection after local @entity1343 infiltration. Post-operative @entity1337 was evaluated with utilization of a visual analogue scale, ranging from 0 to 10, with higher scores indicating more intense @entity158 perception. RESULTS: Group A @entity1 demonstrated significantly lower visual analogue scale scores at t=0, which peaked at 4 h post-operatively. Group B scores were higher at t=0, declined over a 2 h interval and reached zero after t=4 h. @entity1 younger than 60 years and @entity1 benefitted more. Local anaesthesia was the method of @entity158 control preferred by 90% of @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Local @entity1343 infiltration for transurethral @entity150 resection seems feasible, providing intra and post-operative @entity158 control. In this preliminary setting, general anesthesia provided a higher level of @entity158 control in the immediate post-operative period (<4 h) while local @entity1343 infiltration demonstrated excellent late post-operative @entity1337 (>4 h). Also, @entity1 seem to prefer local to general anesthesia in future surgery.

title: XXXX intravesical injection for superficial @entity150 resection--possible, effective, and durable. Preliminary clinical data.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1337 :: ('MESH:D000699', 'Disease') :: ['analgesia']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder tumor', 'bladder tumors']

entities_list: @entity1343 :: ('MESH:C476513', 'Chemical') :: ['levobupivacaine']

answer: @entity1343 :: (MESH:C476513,Chemical) :: ['Levobupivacaine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Asthma has increased in various regions of the world. The factors associated with the growth in prevalence are still to be determined. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the degree of association of the prevalence of @entity565 with passive smoking and @entity28 in school- @entity1 in western Mexico. METHODS: A population-based cross-section analytic study. A stratified random sample of 740 primary school pupils of between 6 and 12 years of age was chosen. Asthma, passive smoking and a background of @entity56 were identified by means of a standardized questionnaire filled out by the parents of the @entity1 . @entity28 was identified by means of the body mass index. Proportional sections of population were estimated and the degree of association between @entity565 (dependent variable) and the independent variables was evaluated by means of multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS: THE FOLLOWING FACTORS OF PREVALENCE WERE FOUND: @entity565 8.1%; @entity28 19.9%; background of smoking in the father 6.7% and in the mother 13.3%. There was no significant association to be found with @entity565 in either passive smoking where one of the parents smoked (p = 0.39) or in @entity28 (p = 0.09). On the other hand, the background of @entity56 in the mother showed statistically significant association with @entity565 in the @entity1 (odds ratio = 3.5, 95% confidence interval 1.4 to 8.59), but not in the @entity1 . CONCLUSION: With the exception of the maternal background of @entity566 , neither @entity28 nor passive smoking are factors associated with @entity565 in Mexican @entity1 .

title: Asthma in Mexican school-age @entity1 is not associated with passive smoking or XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'children', 'girls', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['Obesity', 'obesity']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic diseases']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obesity']


abstract: Eighty-eight Thai @entity1 (61 males and 27 females) with @entity5145 ( @entity5145 ) were studied. Their mean age and mean duration of the disease were 25.97 and 3.34 years respectively. In 16 cases the disease first appeared before the age of 16 or had juvenile onset. Eleven cases were @entity1691 ( @entity1691 ), 9 were juvenile @entity1691 (JAS), 20 were @entity6104 ( @entity6104 ), 4 were juvenile @entity6104 , 14 were @entity5144 ( @entity5144 ), 27 were undifferentiated @entity5145 (uSpA), and 3 were juvenile uSpA. @entity625 , especially @entity4932 of the lower extremity joints, was the most common form of @entity625 in all groups, except for @entity5144 , where @entity625 was common. Back @entity158 were commonly seen in JAS and @entity1691 . Enthesopathy was not uncommon. Extra-articular manifestations were more common in @entity6104 @entity1 . Acute @entity2194 were seen in 45 per cent of @entity1691 and 66 per cent of @entity6104 cases. In general, the clinical features of Thai @entity1 with @entity5145 were similar to those reported in other countries in Asia and the west.

title: A clinical study of Thai @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2194 :: ('MESH:D005128', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory eye diseases']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['arthritis', 'polyarthritis', 'Peripheral arthritis']

entities_list: @entity5144 :: ('MESH:D015535', 'Disease') :: ['psoriatic arthritis', 'PsA']

entities_list: @entity4932 :: ('MESH:D001171', 'Disease') :: ['oligoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity6104 :: ('MESH:D016918', 'Disease') :: ['RS', "Reiter's syndrome"]

entities_list: @entity1691 :: ('MESH:D013167', 'Disease') :: ['ankylosing spondylitis', 'AS']

entities_list: @entity5145 :: ('MESH:D025242', 'Disease') :: ['spondyloarthropathy', 'SpA']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain and bilateral sacroiliitis']

answer: @entity5145 :: (MESH:D025242,Disease) :: ['spondyloarthropathy']


abstract: PURPOSE: The aim was to explore ophthalmic health care in female @entity1 with @entity15439 ( @entity196 ) over 20 years and to evaluate the relationship between the ophthalmic health care and the health state of the @entity1 from a health perspective. METHODS: A retrospective study of records from @entity22287 ( @entity22287 ) and @entity4064 clinics (LVC) from 1985 to 2004. Assessment of the reports was performed based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). Findings were analysed by manifest content analysis with ICF as a framework and using four themes: health care system, procedure examinations, @entity1 's functioning and disability and procedure actions. RESULTS: The records of nine female @entity1 (aged 25-39 years, 1985) with @entity196 were selected from the national database of USH. A great number of notes were collected ( @entity22287 344 and LVC 566). Procedure examinations were exclusively oriented towards body structure and function. All @entity1 showed aggravated @entity227 over and above the hearing and @entity73 . Procedure actions were oriented towards environmental factors. No correlation was found between procedures performed and @entity1 's experience of disability. CONCLUSIONS: The high degree of resource allocation was not correlated to the @entity1 ' impairment. The study indicates that the ophthalmic health care was characterised by inefficiency. This conclusion is very serious because @entity1 very likely face severe @entity717 . ICF is ought to be incorporated in ophthalmic health care strategy to improve the health care.

title: Long-term ophthalmic health care in XXXX from an ICF perspective.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual impairment']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['vestibular impairment']

entities_list: @entity22287 :: ('MESH:C536647', 'Disease') :: ['ophthalmology departments', 'OD']

entities_list: @entity15439 :: ('MESH:D052245', 'Disease') :: ['Usher Syndrome type I']

entities_list: @entity4064 :: ('MESH:D015354', 'Disease') :: ['low vision']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['disability and emotional difficulties']

answer: @entity15439 :: (MESH:D052245,Disease) :: ['Usher syndrome type I']


abstract: @entity30555 is a small protozoan parasite in the phylum Microspora. It has been shown to naturally infect several host species, including @entity1 . Infection with microsporidia is usually asymptomatic, except in young or immunocompromised hosts. Currently, serological diagnosis of @entity281 is made using the indirect immunofluorescent antibody assay (IFA) or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Although these methods are sensitive and reliable, there are several drawbacks to the IFA and ELISA tests. Cross-reactivity between other @entity26961 species is common, and specialized equipment is required to conduct these tests. This paper reports the development of a direct agglutination test for detecting IgG antibodies to @entity30555 . The utility of the agglutination test was examined in CD-1 and C3H/He @entity19 infected with @entity30555 or one of 2 other @entity26961 species. Test sera were incubated overnight with eosin-stained microsporidia spores in round-bottom microtiter plates. In positive samples, agglutination of spores with antibodies in test sera resulted in an opaque mat spread across the well. The results indicate that the agglutination test is 86% sensitive and 98% specific for @entity30555 , with limited cross-reactivity to @entity26961 . No cross-reactivity to @entity26961 hellem was observed. The test is fast and easy to conduct, and species-specific antibodies are not required.

title: Direct agglutination test for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity26961 :: ('58839', 'Species') :: ['Encephalitozoon', 'Encephalitozoon intestinalis']

entities_list: @entity30555 :: ('6035', 'Species') :: ['E. cuniculi', 'Encephalitozoon cuniculi']

answer: @entity30555 :: (6035,Species) :: ['Encephalitozoon cuniculi']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate which factors affect @entity601 in @entity9441 @entity1 using cone-beam computed tomography analysis. @entity1 AND METHODS: Twenty-eight @entity1 were selected for this study. Subjects were divided into 2 groups according to the amount of @entity601 from the clinical facial midline: group 1 (U1 deviation <2 mm) and group 2 (U1 deviation >2 mm). Linear measurements, angles, and reference planes on 3-dimensional (3D) computed tomograms were obtained. The predictor variables were maxillary yaw, palatal plane angle, differences of maxillary point to the coronal and sagittal planes, and maxillary canting. The outcome variable was U1 deviation. The variables between the 2 groups and 2 sides were analyzed with a t test. Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis were also calculated within each group for each measurement against the U1 deviation to determine which variables affect U1 deviation. P < .05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: The @entity1 were evenly distributed between each group (n = 14 in each group). There was significant deviation of U1 from the sagittal plane in group 2 compared with group 1 (0.99 mm in group 1 vs 1.73 mm in group 2, P < .05). When we compared yaw with the sagittal plane, group 2 was more rotated than group 1 (1.16   in group 1 vs 2.28   in group 2, P < .01). Through multiple regression analysis, the primary predictor variable for U1 deviation was maxillary yaw (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that maxillary yaw is the primary contributing factor for @entity601 . The use of maxillary yaw should be considered when one is performing orthognathic surgery in @entity1 with U1 deviation to achieve optimum esthetics.

title: Maxillary yaw as the primary predictor of XXXX : 3D analysis using cone-beam computed tomography.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity9441 :: ('MESH:D063169', 'Disease') :: ['dentofacial deformity']

entities_list: @entity601 :: ('MESH:D009436', 'Disease') :: ['upper incisor (U1) midline deviation', 'upper dental midline deviation']

answer: @entity601 :: (MESH:D009436,Disease) :: ['maxillary dental midline deviation']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To assess both management and evolution of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) in Primary Care centers in Spain and the related factors, especially @entity28 . METHODOLOGY: Epidemiological, cross-sectional, multicenter, retrospective study. @entity1 : @entity1 suffering from @entity6 , over 20 years of age, were consecutively enrolled from 30 Primary Care centers in 16 autonomous communities. M  todos. Data was collected on age, gender, educational level, @entity6 duration, HbA1c, treatment and body measurement index (BMI). RESULTS: A total of 294 @entity1 , 50% male, with a mean age (SD) of 67.5 years (10.2) and BMI 28.9 (4.5) kg/m(2) were included. Of them, 58.16% had HbA1c levels >6.5%, 38% being @entity28 or severely @entity28 . A total of 93.9% were under drug treatment for @entity6 . Significant differences in the mean value of HbA1c were shown between the over-weight and severely @entity28 groups (Tukey-Kramer test). Differences were observed in the presence of macrovascular complications between @entity1 with normal weight and @entity1 with @entity28 (p=0.006). @entity1 with low educational level had 3.39 more probability of being @entity28 or severely @entity28 than @entity1 with secondary school or university studies (p=0.0041; 95% CI 1.47-7.80), and @entity1 with primary school 2.22 more probability (p= 0.038; 95% CI 1.04-4.73). A total of 47.8% reported high compliance. Obese and severely @entity28 @entity1 showed 2.2 more probability of having low or mild compliance than non- @entity28 @entity1 (p=0.002; 95% CI 1.31-3.74). CONCLUSIONS: Results obtained in this population suggest that @entity28 is related with more @entity455 , worst metabolic control and worst compliance.

title: [The impact of XXXX in the management and evolution of @entity6 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obese', 'obesity']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['macro-vascular complications']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus type 2', 'DM2']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obesity']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Increasing time between symptom onset and treatment may be a risk factor for a @entity397 , but little is known about how the risk changes with passing time. This study aimed to determine the changes in risk of @entity397 in @entity1 with @entity698 with increasing time from symptom onset to treatment to help guide the swiftness of surgical intervention. STUDY DESIGN: We conducted a retrospective chart review of physician office, clinic, emergency room, and inpatient records of a random sample of 219 of 731 @entity698 @entity1 operated on between 1996 and 1998 at 2 inner-city tertiary referral and municipal hospitals. Conditional risks of @entity397 were calculated using life table methods. Logistic regression was used to assess factors associated with @entity397 , and linear regression was used to assess factors affecting time from first examination to treatment. RESULTS: Rupture risk was < or = 2% in @entity1 with less than 36 hours of untreated symptoms. For @entity1 with untreated symptoms beyond 36 hours, the risk of @entity397 rose to and remained steady at 5% for each ensuing 12-hour period. Rupture was greater in @entity1 with 36 hours or more of untreated symptoms (estimated relative risk [RR]=6.6; 95% CI: 1.9 to 8.3), age 65 years and older (RR=4.2; 95% CI: 1.9 to 6.1), fever > 38.9 degrees C (RR=3.6; 95% CI: 1.2 to 5.7), and @entity591 (heart rate > or = 100 beats/minute; RR=3.4; 95% CI: 1.8 to 5.4). Time between first physician examination and treatment was shorter among @entity1 presenting to the emergency department (median, 7.1 hours versus 10.9 hours; p<0.0001), and those for whom a physician's leading diagnostic impression was @entity698 (6.3 hours versus 11.3 hours; p<0.0001). @entity1 sent for CT scan experienced longer times to operation (18.6 hours versus 7.1 hours; p<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Risk of @entity397 in ensuing 12-hour periods rises to 5% after 36 hours of untreated symptoms. Physicians should be cautious about delaying surgery beyond 36 hours from symptom onset in @entity1 with @entity698 .

title: How time affects the risk of @entity397 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity397 :: ('MESH:D012421', 'Disease') :: ['rupture', 'ruptured appendix']

entities_list: @entity698 :: ('MESH:D001064', 'Disease') :: ['appendicitis']

answer: @entity698 :: (MESH:D001064,Disease) :: ['appendicitis']


abstract: Authors studied 30 cases of @entity1151 in BAMAKO in the departments of Cardiology at Point G hospital. The purpose of this work was to determine the @entity1151 's frequency, their signs and symptoms and to observe their outcome. Was eligible to study every @entity1 hospitalised for @entity1151 confirmed by clinical signs and D- dimere test, with ECG and echocardiogram in most cases. The @entity1151 ' frequency was 1,7%, with an average age of 51 years    16,9. Among causes the most frequent were @entity101 (50%), @entity3527 (40%), @entity3618 (30%), and @entity712 (40%). Signs were @entity649 (80%), haemoptysis (43%), @entity1163 (20%), and @entity1457 (15%). ECG show mostly right ventricular @entity1184 (93,3%) and x ray sometimes a characteristic aspect. Cardiac echography show essentially ventricular and @entity384 with a @entity715 in 6,7% of the cases. The treatment was by heparin, AVK and analgesic. Mortality in study was 11, 3 %. So @entity358 is always at high risk and sometimes it's diagnostic is difficult.

title: [Causes, signs and outcome of 30 XXXX with @entity358 ].

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity3618 :: ('MESH:D011660', 'Disease') :: ['chronic cor pulmonale']

entities_list: @entity649 :: ('MESH:D012128', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory distress']

entities_list: @entity1457 :: ('MESH:D012769', 'Disease') :: ['circulatory collapse']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['auricular dilatation']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary emboli']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary embolus']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombus']

entities_list: @entity3527 :: ('MESH:D010689', 'Disease') :: ['phlebitis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although recent advances have been made in the treatment of @entity64 , @entity1 often arrive at the hospital too late to receive the maximum benefit from these new therapies. OBJECTIVE: To investigate characteristics that influence the time from symptom onset to hospital arrival (delay time) for @entity1 with @entity64 . DESIGN: Retrospective medical record review. SETTING: Minneapolis-St. Paul metropolitan hospitals. @entity1 : A 50% random sample of all @entity1 30 to 79 years of age who were hospitalized with @entity64 from 1991 to 1993. MEASUREMENTS: @entity1 were identified through discharge diagnosis lists by using the International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision. Trained nurses abstracted the medical records. @entity64 events were validated by using neuroimaging reports and additional clinical criteria (1895 @entity1 ). An accelerated failure time model was used to identify @entity1 characteristics that independently predicted delay time. For 70% of @entity1 (n = 1334), delay time was calculated from the medical record by subtracting the recorded time of symptom onset from the admission time. For the remaining 30% of @entity1 (n = 561), the time of symptom onset was not recorded, and an approximate delay time was estimated from all available information. RESULTS: Among @entity1 with a calculated delay time, half arrived within 3 hours of symptom onset and 90% arrived within 24 hours. @entity1 with approximated delay times tended to have longer delays, and less than 40% of these @entity1 arrived within 24 hours of symptom onset. Some characteristics associated (P < 0.05) with longer delay included Asian/Pacific Islander ethnicity, @entity734 in any activities of daily living before @entity64 , and several symptoms at @entity64 onset. Characteristics associated (P < 0.05) with shorter delay included admission through the emergency department, presence of @entity1163 or @entity410 at @entity64 onset, previous @entity583 , abnormal mental status, and greater disability at presentation (measured by the Rankin scale). CONCLUSIONS: Most @entity1 arrive at the hospital too late to receive the maximum benefit from emerging @entity64 therapies. Efforts to reduce delays in hospital arrival after @entity64 can maximize the effectiveness of these therapies by specifically targeting @entity1 at risk for longer delay.

title: Delayed hospital arrival for XXXX : the Minnesota @entity64 Survey.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'Stroke', 'acute stroke']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['dependence']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['acute stroke']


abstract: Fibrinolysis for acute ST-segment elevation MI achieves early recanalisation of the @entity1188 artery in approximately 60% of cases. The aim of the study was to determine whether failure to achieve recanalisation was associated with differences in haemostasis biomarkers compared to @entity1 with successful fibrinolysis. Fourty-three @entity1 were prospectively enrolled in a case-control study. All @entity1 had received tenecteplase (TNK-tPA) together with @entity117 (500 mg) and heparin (5,000 IU). Emergency angiography within 90 minutes of bolus TNK-tPA identified 13 TIMI 0-2 @entity1 (cases) and 30 TIMI 3 @entity1 (controls). Blood samples were collected before angiography to determine tissue factor activity associated with microparticles ( @entity2468 ); soluble platelet glycoprotein V (sGPV) and @entity556 -antithrombin complexes (TAT) as markers of @entity556 generation; tissue plasminogen activator (endogenous tPA+ TNK-tPA), plasminogen activator inhibitor ( @entity2289 ) and plasmin-antiplasmin complexes ( @entity2786 ) as markers of plasmin generation. The baseline characteristics of the two @entity1 ' groups were similar with respect to sex, age, and risks factors. Cases differed from controls by higher @entity2468 levels (1.9 [1-13] vs. 1 [0.6-1.3] pM), sGPV (67 [51-126] vs. (48 [39-72] ng/ml), p = 0.039 and TAT (10 [4-37.5] vs. 4 [2.9-7.2] ng/ml), p = 0.035. TAT correlated with @entity2468 (r = 0.51, p = 0.0064) and sGPV (r = 0.51, p = 0.0018). No significant difference was observed in tPA or @entity2289 levels. @entity2786 were lower in cases (18.83 [14.83-40.43] mug/ml) than in controls (35.83 [27.9-43.94] mug/ml), p = 0.045. In conclusion, fibrinolysis failure in AMI is characterised by a higher procoagulant state associated with @entity2468 and a lower plasmin generation.

title: Microparticle-linked tissue factor activity and increased XXXX activity play a potential role in fibrinolysis failure in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

answer: @entity556 :: (2147,Gene) :: ['thrombin']