abstract: BACKGROUND: Yanting is one of high risk areas for @entity418 and the screening program was therefore initiated there. This study was aimed to investigate the dietary behaviors on the risk of @entity1721 ( @entity1721 ), among the individuals with normal and abnormal esophagus mucosa. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A frequency matched case-controls study was proposed to estimate the different distribution of dietary behavior between individuals of control, @entity2910 and @entity5 groups. @entity5 cases were selected from hospitals. @entity2910 cases and controls were selected from screening population for @entity1721 . Health workers collected data for 1 year prior to interview, in terms of length of finishing a meal, temperature of eaten food and interval between water boiling and drinking. Chi-square, Kruskal-Wallis tests and unconditional logistic regression model were used to estimate differences and associations between groups. RESULTS: Compared with controls, length of finishing a meal>= 15 mins was related to a reduced OR for @entity5 (OR=0.46, 95%CI, 0.22- 0.97) and even compared with cases of @entity2910 , the OR of @entity5 was reduced to 0.30 (95%CI, 0.13-0.72). The OR for often eating food at a high temperature was 2.48 (95%CI 1.06, 5.82) for @entity1721 as compared with controls. Interval between water boiling and drinking of >= 10 mins was associated with lower risk of @entity5 : the OR was 0.18 compared with controls and 0.49 with @entity2910 cases (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Length of eating food>= 15 mins and interval between water boiling and drinking >= 10 mins are potentially related to reduced risk of esophageal SCC, compared with individuals with normal and abnormal esophageal mucosa. Recommendations to Yanting residents to change their dietary behaviors should be made in order to reduce @entity5 risk.

title: Association between dietary behavior and XXXX in Yanting.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity2910 :: ('MESH:D004941', 'Disease') :: ['esophagitis', 'Esophagitis']

entities_list: @entity1721 :: ('MESH:C562729', 'Disease') :: ['ESCC', 'esophageal squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity418 :: ('MESH:D004938', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal cancer']

answer: @entity1721 :: (MESH:C562729,Disease) :: ['esophageal squamous cell carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND _ OBJECTIVE: In many investigation it was demonstrated that @entity2101 ( @entity2101 ) is the best factor for no @entity5 survival for @entity1 with @entity43 . Occult axillary node micrometastases as the prognostic factor for the @entity1 with @entity0 was proved, but currently no literature of the pelvic lymph node micrometastases in @entity43 is provided. This study try to detect the microvessel density of @entity5 tissues and micrometastases of regional lymph nodes in @entity43 and to investigate the relationship between these two factors and their prognostic significance. METHODS: The sections of @entity43 from 39 @entity1 were stained immunohistochemically for cytokeratin(CK) and factor VIII-related antigen (F8-RA). Microvessels on the section were counted by computerized morphometry (40 fields). Sections of 212 regional lymph nodes from 39 @entity1 were stained also with HE and CK. RESULTS: (1)We found 7 lymph node metastases with HE staining in 39 @entity1 and 12 micrometastases with CK staining.(2) Average value of @entity2101 ( @entity2101 ) in the HE positive group was 48.86+/-16.60 and was obviously higher than that in the HE negative group (29.16+/-10.02,P< 0.01). The average @entity2101 was 41.67+/-21.69 in the CK positive group and was also obviously higher than that in the CK negative group (28.70+/-10.77,P< 0.05). We found 8(50%) micrometastases in 16 @entity1 with higher @entity2101 (> or = 30/40 x fields) and only 4(17.4%) micrometastases in 23 @entity1 with lower @entity2101 (< 30/40 x fields), the difference was significant (P< 0.05). (3) @entity2101 (P=0.03) and regional lymph node micrometastases(P=0.04) were the most significant factors to the survival time through Cox proportional hezard model analysis,the @entity2101 (P=0.0008) and clinical stage (P=0.03) were also the most important factors to predict recurrence. CONCLUSION: The study suggests the CK immunohistochemical staining could detect the micrometastases in the HE negative lymph node in @entity1 with @entity43 . The @entity2101 is closely related to the micrometastases and these two factors have prognostic significance in @entity43 . The @entity2101 and micrometastases could act as independent prognosis factors of @entity1 with @entity43 .

title: [Angiogenesis and micrometastases of regional lymph node in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cancer', 'epithelial ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity2101 :: ('MESH:C538394', 'Disease') :: ['IMD', 'intratumor microvessel density']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['ovarian cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Rapid modulation of hippocampal synaptic plasticity through synaptic @entity172 receptors is an essential topic. We analyzed @entity53 -induced modulation of @entity4778 dendritic spines using adult male ERaKO and ERbKO @entity19 . A 2h treatment of @entity53 particularly increased the density of middle-head spines (diameter 0.3-0.4  m) in wild type @entity19 hippocampal slices. The enhancement of spinogenesis was completely suppressed by MAP kinase inhibitor. @entity53 -induced increase in middle-head spines was observed in ERbKO @entity19 (which express @entity11716 ), but not in ERaKO, indicating that @entity11716 is necessary for the spinogenesis. Direct observation of the dynamic @entity53 -induced enhancing effect on rapid spinogenesis was performed using time-lapse imaging of spines in hippocampal live slices from yellow fluorescent protein expressed @entity19 . Both appearance and disappearance of spines occurred, and the number of newly appeared spines was significantly greater than that of disappeared spines, resulting in the net increase of the spine density within 2h. As another type of synaptic modulation, we observed that @entity53 rapidly enhanced @entity1024 ( @entity143 )-induced long-term @entity308 (LTD) in @entity4778 of the wild type @entity19 hippocampus. In contrast, @entity53 did not enhance @entity143 -LTD in ERaKO @entity19 , indicating the involvement of @entity11716 in the @entity172 signaling. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled SI: Brain and Memory. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled SI: Brain and Memory.

title: XXXX receptor KO @entity19 study on rapid modulation of spines and long-term @entity308 in the hippocampus.

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity1024 :: ('CHEBI:31882', 'Chemical') :: ['N-methyl-D-aspartate']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['Estradiol', 'estradiol']

answer: @entity172 :: (MESH:D004967,Chemical) :: ['Estrogen']


abstract: Seven cases of @entity195 were studied in detail from a clinical and neuropathological point of view. The degenerative process was mapped with regard to regional variations in the intensity, extent and consistency of focal accentuations. The degeneration was regularly found to be most pronounced in certain areas: maximal @entity528 occurred in the medial temporal (limbic) area and, in the lateral hemisphere, consistently within a field expanding from the posterior inferior temporal areas to the adjoining portions of the parieto occipital lobes. In addition, the posterior cingulate gyrus was severely involved. On the other hand certain areas were notably and consistently spared or less involved, mainly the anterior cingulate gyrus and the calcarine and central sensory motor areas (primary projection areas). The frontal lobes occupied an intermediate position, being less severely involved than is usually reported. The clinical symptoms correlated well with this pattern of degeneration. Thus groups of symptoms such as @entity2414 , emotional and personality alterations, and some symptoms of the Kl  ver-Bucy syndrome, were referable to the limbic lesions. The cortical lesions of the temporo-parieto-occipital association cortex correlated with the symptoms of @entity1054 , @entity2026 and @entity1742 , which were recorded in all cases. The relative sparing of the primary projection areas correspond well to findings of retained motility and perception even in later stages of the disease. The relative sparing of the frontal lobes and the anterior cingulate gyrus was related to the preservation of habitual personality traits. The pattern described may be related to ontogenetic features, and the tendency to focalization to the age of disease onset. The role of genetic factors and of other diseases is discussed.

title: Distribution of @entity528 in XXXX . A clinico-pathological study.

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["Alzheimer's disease"]

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['memory dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['cortical degeneration']

answer: @entity195 :: (MESH:D000544,Disease) :: ['Alzheimer's disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The growth kinetics of untreated solid organ malignancies are not defined. Radiographic @entity3457 ( @entity3457 ) of @entity703 in @entity1 unfit or unwilling to undergo intervention provides an opportunity to quantify the natural history of untreated localized @entity5 . The authors report the radiographic growth kinetics of @entity703 during a period of surveillance. METHODS: The authors identified @entity1 with enhancing renal masses who were radiographically observed for at least 12 months. Clinical and pathological records were reviewed to determine @entity5 growth kinetics and clinical outcomes. @entity5 growth kinetics were expressed in terms of absolute and relative linear and volumetric growth. RESULTS: The authors identified 172 @entity703 in 154 @entity1 under @entity3457 . Median @entity5 diameter and volume on presentation were 2.0 cm (mean, 2.5; range, 0.4-12.0) and 4.18 cm(3) (mean, 20.0; range, 0.033-904). Median duration of follow-up was 24 months (mean, 31; range, 12-156). A significant association between presenting @entity5 size and proportional growth was noted, with @entity5 growing @entity5 . Thirty-nine percent (68 of 173) of @entity5 underwent delayed intervention, and 84% (57 of 68) were pathologically malignant. Progression to metastatic disease was noted in 1.3% (2 of 154) of @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: The authors demonstrated the association between a @entity5 's volume and subsequent growth, with @entity5 exhibiting significantly faster volumetric growth than @entity5 , consistent with Gompertzian kinetics. Surveillance of localized @entity703 is associated with a low rate of disease progression in the intermediate term, and suggests potential overtreatment biases in select @entity1 .

title: Natural history, growth kinetics, and outcomes of untreated clinically localized XXXX under @entity3457 .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'larger tumors', 'Tumor', 'faster than larger tumors', 'smaller tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity3457 :: ('OMIM:612348', 'Disease') :: ['active surveillance', 'AS']

entities_list: @entity703 :: ('MESH:D007680', 'Disease') :: ['renal tumors', 'renal neoplasms']

answer: @entity703 :: (MESH:D007680,Disease) :: ['renal tumors']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Background: The use of mechanical restraint (MR) is controversial, and large differences regarding the use of MR are often found among countries. In an earlier study, we observed that MR was used twice as frequently in Denmark than Norway. Aims: To examine how presumed MR preventive factors of non-medical origin may explain the differing number of MR episodes between Denmark and Norway. Methods: This study is a cross-sectional survey of @entity146 units. Linear regression was used to assess the confounding effects of the MR preventive factors, i.e. whether a difference in the impact of these factors is evident between Denmark and Norway. Results: Six MR preventive factors confounded [   exp(B)> 10%] the difference in MR use between Denmark and Norway, including staff education (- 51%), substitute staff (- 17%), acceptable work environment (- 15%), separation of acutely disturbed @entity1 (13%), @entity1 -staff ratio (- 11%), and the identification of the @entity1 's crisis triggers (- 10%). Conclusions: These six MR preventive factors might partially explain the difference in the frequency of MR episodes observed in the two countries, i.e. higher numbers in Denmark than Norway. One MR preventive factor was not supported by earlier research, the identification of the @entity1 's crisis triggers; therefore, more research on the mechanisms involved is needed. Clinical implications: None of the six MR preventive factors presents any adverse effects; therefore, units in Denmark and Norway may consider investigating the effect of implementing, the identification of the @entity1 's crisis triggers, an increased number of staff per @entity1 , increased staff education, a better work environment and reduced use of substitute staff in practice.

title: Comparing the effect of non-medical mechanical restraint preventive factors between XXXX units in Denmark and Norway.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

answer: @entity146 :: (MESH:D001523,Disease) :: ['psychiatric']


abstract: A novel multiple membrane blood-feeding system for mosquitoes has been developed for the study and routine maintenance of @entity4224 L. and @entity197 Skuse that require a meal of vertebrate blood to produce eggs. This blood-feeding system uses @entity291 collagen sausage-casing membrane to facilitate feeding. The efficiency of this blood-feeding system was compared to a live @entity19 blood source. We observed that Ae. aegypti that fed on @entity1707 whole blood had 89.7% (w/o @entity855 ) and 90.7% (w/ @entity855 ) blood-feeding rates, which were not significantly different from the @entity19 -fed ones (98.0%). Ae. albopictus fed on @entity1707 whole blood (w/ @entity855 ) had a success rate of 84.4%, which was significantly different from the @entity19 -fed mosquitoes (51.1%). The feeding rates did not differ between sausage-casing membrane and Parafilm-M  . The survival rate, fecundity, pupation, and pupal emergence rates of Aedes females fed on @entity1707 whole blood were not significantly different from the @entity19 -fed ones. The artificial blood feeder can be applied to replace live animals as blood sources. Considering that this simple, inexpensive, convenient, and efficient feeding device can be built with common laboratory materials for research on Aedes mosquitoes.

title: A novel multiple membrane blood-feeding system for investigating and maintaining XXXX and @entity197 mosquitoes.

entities_list: @entity4224 :: ('7159', 'Species') :: ['Aedes aegypti']

entities_list: @entity197 :: ('7160', 'Species') :: ['Aedes albopictus']

answer: @entity4224 :: (7159,Species) :: ['Aedes aegypti']


abstract: The introduction of recombinant @entity1307 ( @entity1307 , @entity1307 ) has resulted in a shift in focus from the treatment to the prevention of @entity417 . This shift in treatment goals has provided nephrologists with the challenge of implementing preventative strategies in clinical practice. While this area of nephrology is still developing, a lot can be learned from the methods applied by clinicians involved in the prevention of other diseases, particularly non-insulin-dependent (type 2) @entity6 . The prevention of type 2 @entity6 has become a major aim of healthcare providers globally due to the epidemic proportions of the disease. In order to reverse this worrying trend, diabetologists have had to develop effective management strategies based upon their current knowledge. Nephrologists must now adopt a similar approach if the increasing threat from @entity2316 is to be reversed. This should include strict normotension, the prescribing of @entity1289 ( @entity1289 ) inhibitors, administration of lipid-lowering agents, and the near-normalization of @entity417 with @entity1307 . However, the implementation of treatment strategies alone is unlikely to be sufficient. Indeed, an effective programme of education is required to ensure that @entity1 understand the seriousness of their condition and remain compliant with treatment. Similarly, educating the general public may help to reduce the burden of type 2 @entity6 and the subsequent problems associated with the disease, including @entity8 .

title: Advances in nephrology: successes and lessons learnt from XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal disease']

entities_list: @entity1289 :: ('1636', 'Gene') :: ['ACE', 'angiotensin-converting enzyme']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes', 'diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity2316 :: ('MESH:D003928', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic nephropathy']

entities_list: @entity1307 :: ('2056', 'Gene') :: ['erythropoietin', 'epoetin', 'Epo']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes mellitus']


abstract: Autophagy is a regulated lysosomal degradation process that involves autophagosome formation and transport. Although recent evidence indicates that basal levels of autophagy protect against @entity179 , the exact mechanism whereby this occurs is not known. By using conditional knockout mutant @entity19 , we report that neuronal autophagy is particularly important for the maintenance of local homeostasis of axon terminals and protection against @entity528 . We show that specific ablation of an essential autophagy gene, @entity30527 , in Purkinje cells initially causes cell-autonomous, progressive @entity3986 (manifested by @entity4 ) and degeneration of the axon terminals. Consistent with suppression of autophagy, no autophagosomes are observed in these @entity4 , which is in contrast to accumulation of autophagosomes in the axonal @entity4 under pathological conditions. @entity3986 of mutant Purkinje cells proceeds with little sign of dendritic or spine @entity194 , indicating that axon terminals are much more vulnerable to autophagy impairment than dendrites. This early pathological event in the axons is followed by cell-autonomous Purkinje cell death and @entity19 @entity146 . Furthermore, ultrastructural analyses of mutant Purkinje cells reveal an accumulation of aberrant membrane structures in the axonal @entity4 . Finally, we observe double-membrane vacuole-like structures in wild-type Purkinje cell axons, whereas these structures are abolished in mutant Purkinje cell axons. Thus, we conclude that the autophagy protein @entity30527 is required for membrane trafficking and turnover in the axons. Our study implicates impairment of axonal autophagy as a possible mechanism for axonopathy associated with @entity179 .

title: Essential role for autophagy protein XXXX in the maintenance of axonal homeostasis and the prevention of @entity528 .

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['behavioral deficits']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['dystrophic swellings', 'axonal swellings']

entities_list: @entity3986 :: ('MESH:D009136', 'Disease') :: ['dystrophy', 'Axonal dystrophy']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['neurodegeneration']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['axonal degeneration']

answer: @entity30527 :: (74244(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['Atg7']


abstract: Several studies have suggested that after hip replacement the risk of @entity1150 and @entity1151 ( @entity1151 ) may persist for some weeks. Antithrombotic prophylaxis, however, is generally stopped at hospital discharge. Using a Markov-based decision analysis, we measured the clinical and economical consequences of extending prophylaxis after hospital discharge up to 4 weeks and 6 weeks, using either low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH), @entity1229 , or @entity117 . In the reference strategy, antithrombotic prophylaxis was stopped at hospital discharge. Outcome measures included the number of @entity1151 prevented, major @entity548 induced, overall costs in @entity7634 (EUR) and specific costs generated by each @entity1151 prevented for all strategies. Extending prophylaxis up to 4 weeks after discharge was safe and cost saving for all prophylactic regimens, although LMWH was the most effective strategy. Our results were most sensitive to the rate of @entity548 , the efficacy of treatment and its costs. Specifically, the number of PEs prevented exceeded that of @entity548 induced if the efficacy of antithrombotic prophylaxis was > or = 40% (assuming a low rate of @entity548 of 0.1% per week), and > or = 70% (assuming a high rate of @entity548 of 0.25% per week). LMWH and @entity1229 remained cost saving unless their costs were more than doubled compared to that of baseline value. Although less effective than LMWH and @entity1229 , prophylaxis with @entity117 was cost saving in all scenarios tested. Extending prophylaxis up to 6 weeks was also effective (the number of PEs prevented overwhelmed that of major @entity548 induced), but only for the scenario of a low bleeding risk (0.1%/week). In this strategy, @entity117 remained cost saving, while the costs for each @entity1151 prevented became high (EUR 10,000 to EUR 20,000) if the costs of LMWH and @entity1229 increased. After hip replacement, extending antithrombotic prophylaxis up to 4 weeks after hospital discharge is effective and cost saving. Although LMWH is the most effective strategy, @entity1229 , and to a lesser extent @entity117 may be alternate options if ressources are a major concern. Extending prophylaxis up to 6 weeks is more risky in @entity1 at high bleeding risk, and generates additional costs.

title: Out of hospital antithrombotic prophylaxis after total hip replacement: low-molecular-weight heparin, XXXX , @entity117 or nothing? A cost-effectiveness analysis.

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['haemorrhages']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['PE', 'subsequent pulmonary embolism']

entities_list: @entity1150 :: ('MESH:D020246', 'Disease') :: ['deep vein thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity1229 :: ('MESH:D014859', 'Chemical') :: ['warfarin']

answer: @entity1229 :: (MESH:D014859,Chemical) :: ['warfarin']


abstract: Transendocardial stem cell injection in @entity1 with @entity296 ( @entity296 ) improves left ventricular function and structure but has ill-defined effects on @entity943 . We hypothesized that mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) implantation is not proarrhythmic. Post hoc analyses were performed on ambulatory ECGs collected from the POSEIDON and TAC-HFT trials. Eighty-eight subjects (mean age 61        10 years) with @entity296 (mean EF 32.2%        9.8%) received treatment with MSC (n   =   48), Placebo (n   =   21), or bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMC) (n   =   19). Heart rate variability (HRV) and @entity1540 ( @entity1540 ) were evaluated over 12 months. @entity1540 did not change in any group following MSC implantation. However, in @entity1 with   >=    1 @entity1540 run (defined as   >=    3 consecutive premature ventricular complexes in 24 hours) at baseline, there was a decrease in @entity1540 runs at 12 months in the MSC group (p   =   .01), but not in the placebo group (p   =   .07; intergroup comparison: p   =   .18). In a subset of the MSC group, HRV measures of standard deviation of normal intervals was 75        30 msec at baseline and increased to 87        32 msec (p =.02) at 12 months, and root mean square of intervals between successive complexes was 36        30 msec and increased to 58.2        50 msec (p   =   .01) at 12 months. In @entity1 receiving MSCs, there was no evidence for @entity67 , manifested by sustained or nonsustained @entity1540 or worsened HRV. Signals of improvement in @entity943 and HRV in the MSC group suggest a need for further studies of the antiarrhythmic potential of MSCs.    Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2017.

title: Effects of Transendocardial Stem Cell Injection on Ventricular Proarrhythmia in @entity1 with XXXX : Results from the POSEIDON and TAC-HFT Trials.

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic cardiomyopathy', 'ICM']

entities_list: @entity1540 :: ('MESH:D018879', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular ectopy', 'VE']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular proarrhythmia']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular arrhythmias']

answer: @entity296 :: (MESH:D009202,Disease) :: ['Ischemic Cardiomyopathy']


abstract: Although the hippocampus is considered an important site of @entity410 in mesial @entity1315 (mTLE), the amygdala may also have a significant role. @entity1283 is occasionally found in @entity1 with mTLE, and volumetric detection of @entity1283 has been documented in "image-negative" @entity1 with TLE. However, only limited data have been reported on the clinical features, surgical outcomes, and pathological characteristics in @entity1 with mTLE with @entity1283 . We recruited 12 @entity1 who had undergone surgical treatment for @entity302 with radiological evidence of @entity1283 , and 11 became @entity410 free. All @entity1 showed homogenously increased amygdala volumes on MRI without enhancement and underwent surgical treatment for mTLE. Pathology results revealed that eight @entity1 had @entity10067 ( @entity10067 ), two had @entity7667 , one had @entity3271 , and one had @entity816 . The clinical features and MRI findings were largely indistinguishable between the @entity1 with @entity1313 and those with @entity10067 , but the @entity1 with @entity1313 tended to be younger at the time of @entity410 onset. Our study shows that surgical treatment of @entity302 in @entity1 with @entity1283 usually has a favorable outcome. @entity10067 was the most frequent pathological diagnosis in these @entity1 . However, a @entity1313 should be considered in the differential diagnosis, especially in young @entity1 , because it is often difficult to differentiate @entity10067 from a @entity1313 on radiological features.

title: Clinical features and pathological characteristics of XXXX in mesial @entity1315 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'seizures']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['brain tumor', 'brain tumors']

entities_list: @entity1283 :: ('MESH:D006332', 'Disease') :: ['Amygdala enlargement', 'amygdala enlargement']

entities_list: @entity1315 :: ('MESH:D004833', 'Disease') :: ['temporal lobe epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity816 :: ('MESH:D001254', 'Disease') :: ['astrocytoma']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['refractory epilepsy', 'epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity10067 :: ('MESH:C537067', 'Disease') :: ['FCD', 'focal cortical dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity7667 :: ('MESH:D018303', 'Disease') :: ['ganglioglioma']

entities_list: @entity3271 :: ('MESH:D009837', 'Disease') :: ['oligodendroglioma']

answer: @entity1283 :: (MESH:D006332,Disease) :: ['amygdala enlargement']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether DTI allows assessment of @entity8 and pathology in @entity1 with chronic @entity631 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventy-five @entity1 and 20 healthy volunteers were enrolled in this study. Renal function and kidney biopsies were evaluated. For DTI, a respiratory-triggered coronal EPI sequence was performed (TR, 1400  ms; TE, 76  ms; diffusion direction, 6; NEX, 4; b values, 0 and 600  s/mm2; slices thickness, 6  mm, with no intersection gap). Renal ADC and @entity6809 values were calculated and compared between the groups. Correlations between ADC/ @entity6809 and histopathology were evaluated. RESULTS: ADC values decreased with increased stages. ADC differences in renal parenchyma at different disease stages were found, with the exception of the control group compared with stage 1 @entity1 ; similar results were obtained for @entity6809 . ADC values in the cortex and medulla in stage 1-3 @entity1 were both statistically different, similar to the @entity6809 values. A significant negative correlation was found between the percentage of @entity631 and @entity6809 in the renal cortex (r   =   -0.74), similar to the degree of @entity82 with @entity6809 in the medulla (r   =   -0.76). CONCLUSIONS: ADC and @entity6809 values are correlated with the degree of @entity8 , the percentage of @entity631 , and area of interstitial @entity82 . KEY POINTS:     DTI can be used to @entity8 in @entity1 with chronic @entity631 .     ADC and @entity6809 values were correlated with @entity82 and @entity631 .     Identification of @entity8 is helpful for timely treatment.     DTI can be used for non-invasive assessment of renal pathology.

title: DTI for the assessment of disease stage in XXXX with @entity631 - correlation with renal histology.

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['assess renal function impairment', 'renal impairment']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis', 'tubulointerstitial fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity631 :: ('MESH:D005921', 'Disease') :: ['glomerulosclerosis', 'glomerulonephritis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: For decades, the Mediterranean diet has been in focus regarding healthy eating as it has been associated with reduced risk of non-communicable diseases. Less interest has been given to health benefits of other regional diets. The aim of the present study was to assess whether adherence to a healthy Nordic food index was associated with lower risk of @entity583 ( @entity583 ) among middle-aged Danes. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Data were obtained from the Danish Diet, @entity5 and Health cohort study of 57   053 @entity1 and @entity1 aged 50-64 years recruited between 1993 and 1997. The healthy Nordic food index comprised healthy Nordic food items selected a priori (fish, cabbage, @entity31668 bread, oatmeal, @entity18080 and pears and root vegetables). Information on incident @entity583 was ascertained through linkage with national registries. Hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated from sex-specific Cox proportional hazard models. RESULTS: In total, 1669 @entity1 and 653 @entity1 developed @entity583 during follow-up (13.6 median years). In adjusted models, those with an index score of 5-6 points (highest scores) had significantly lower @entity583 risk ( @entity1 : HR=0.77, 95% CI=0.62, 0.97; @entity1 : HR=0.55, 95% CI=0.37, 0.82) relative to those scoring 0 points in the index (lowest score). A significantly lower @entity583 risk was found @entity307 -point increment in the index in both @entity1 (HR=0.95, 95% CI=0.92, 0.99) and @entity1 (HR=0.93, 95% CI=0.88, 0.98). CONCLUSIONS: A healthy Nordic diet is associated with lower @entity583 risk among middle-aged Danes, suggesting that Nordic diets should be considered in recommendations for dietary changes in the promotion of coronary health.European Journal of Clinical Nutrition advance online publication, 1 March 2017; doi:10.1038/ejcn.2017.1.

title: Adherence to a healthy Nordic food index and risk of XXXX in middle-aged Danes: the diet, @entity5 and health cohort study.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cancer']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'MI']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarction']


abstract: PURPOSE: Assessing control is thought to be important in the management of intermittent @entity5770 , including the decision to perform surgery. The purpose of this study was to assess the presence and degree of any change in control occurring over the course of 1 day using a previously described 6-point clinic control scale and to evaluate interobserver and minute-to-minute variability. DESIGN: Prospective case series. @entity1 : Twenty-five @entity1 with intermittent @entity5770 . METHODS: Interobserver agreement was determined in 17 @entity1 by comparing control scores assessed simultaneously by 2 observers (kappa test). Minute-to-minute variability was observed in the same 17 @entity1 by assessing control twice within 5 minutes. Variability over 1 day was assessed in 5 of these @entity1 plus 8 additional @entity1 (n = 13) by comparing 3 or 4 assessments at least 2 hours apart. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Control of intermittent @entity5770 measured using a 6-point clinic control scale. RESULTS: Interobserver agreement was high (kappa = 0.94 for distance and kappa = 0.95 for near fixation). Disagreements were no more than 1 level on the control scale; therefore, for further analysis, change in control was defined as >/=2 levels. For minute-to-minute variability, 4 (24%) of the 17 @entity1 tested twice within 5 minutes showed a change in control: 1 (6%) changed from tropia to phoria at distance and 3 (18%) changed from phoria to tropia at near. Of the 13 @entity1 assessed over 1 day, 6 (46%) showed change in control: 2 at distance fixation only, 3 at near only, and 1 at near and distance. CONCLUSIONS: Control of intermittent @entity5770 can vary throughout the day, even within minutes, including from phoric to tropic and vice versa. The worst level of control was not always later in the day. This suggests that an isolated assessment of control may not categorize severity of intermittent @entity5770 in an individual @entity1 .

title: Variability of control in intermittent XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PARTICIPANTS', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5770 :: ('MESH:D005099', 'Disease') :: ['exotropia']

answer: @entity5770 :: (MESH:D005099,Disease) :: ['exotropia']


abstract: OBJECT: This study aimed to elucidate the endocrinological outcome of @entity976 surgery. In particular, endocrinological results were analyzed in relation to the surgical approach. The study includes 143 @entity1 who underwent pre- and postoperative endocrinological assessment and who had not previously undergone surgery. METHODS: @entity2010 was the most common @entity86 in both the transcranial and transsphenoidal groups. The overall percentage of @entity1 with @entity2010 increased from 16.1% preoperatively to 59.4% postoperatively. After transcranial surgery, the rate of @entity4611 also increased. However, normal preoperative anterior pituitary function was maintained in more than 50% of @entity1 for each endocrine @entity2270 . Similar results were attained in the group of @entity1 undergoing @entity5 removal. The best result was achieved for gonadal function: the incidence of @entity6126 increased only slightly from 77.4 to 79.8%. The rate of anterior @entity177 at presentation was much higher in the transsphenoidal than in the transcranial group. During transsphenoidal surgery, intact anterior pituitary functions were generally preserved. The rate of @entity7961 increased only slightly, from 40% before surgery to 42.9% after surgery. Endocrinological results were not inferior in @entity1 with a ventrally displaced pituitary. This variant required midline incision of the gland for exposure of the @entity976 . In the entire series of 143 @entity1 the pituitary stalk was generally preserved. @entity86 was encountered in only one of eight @entity1 in whom the pituitary stalk was partially resected because of @entity5 infiltration. None of the 88 @entity1 who remained recurrence-free demonstrated @entity5122 during follow-up review, compared with the early postoperative assessment 3 months postsurgery. On the other hand, complete recovery of one endocrine @entity2270 was observed in nine of these @entity1 during later follow-up evaluations. In five of them, @entity2010 had regressed. CONCLUSIONS: It is worth preserving the pituitary stalk and gland at surgery because of the definite chance that intact anterior pituitary functions can be maintained. @entity2010 must be accepted as a common sequela following attempts at complete removal of the @entity976 .

title: Surgical treatment of XXXX : endocrinological results.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5122 :: ('MESH:C565430', 'Disease') :: ['endocrinological deterioration']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'complete tumor']

entities_list: @entity4611 :: ('MESH:D010900', 'Disease') :: ['anterior pituitary deficiency']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary failure']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative deficiency', 'Postoperative panhypopituitarism']

entities_list: @entity6126 :: ('MESH:D007006', 'Disease') :: ['hypogonadism']

entities_list: @entity976 :: ('MESH:D003397', 'Disease') :: ['craniopharyngioma']

entities_list: @entity7961 :: ('MESH:C580003', 'Disease') :: ['panhypopituitarism']

entities_list: @entity2010 :: ('MESH:D003919', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative diabetes insipidus', 'Diabetes insipidus', 'diabetes insipidus']

answer: @entity976 :: (MESH:D003397,Disease) :: ['craniopharyngiomas']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity128 often results in persistent or chronic @entity9 characterized by spontaneous burning @entity158 accompanied by @entity1931 and @entity1931 . Low level laser therapy (LLLT) is a noninvasive method that has proved to be clinically effective in reducing @entity158 sensitivity and consequently in improving the quality of life. Here we examined the effects of LLLT on @entity158 sensitivity induced by @entity8638 ( @entity8638 ) in @entity35 . @entity8638 was performed on adult male @entity35 , subjected thereafter to 10 sessions of LLLT, every other day, and starting 14 days after @entity8638 . Over the treatment period, the animals were evaluated for nociception using behavioral tests, such as @entity1931 , thermal and mechanical @entity1931 . Following the sessions, we observed the involvement of satellite glial cells in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) using immunoblotting and immunofluorescence approaches. In addition we analyzed the expression levels of interleukin 1 ( @entity3426 ) and fractalkine (FKN) after the same stimulus. RESULTS: LLLT induced an @entity353 (starting at the second session; p <=  0.001) of the mechanical and @entity1931 and @entity1931 in @entity8638 @entity35 , which persisted until the last session. Regarding cellular changes, we observed a decrease of @entity40 (50%; p <=  0.001) expression after LLLT in the ipsilateral DRG when compared with the naive group. We also observed a significant increase of pro-inflammatory cytokines after @entity8638 , whereas LLLT dramatically inhibited the overexpression of these proteins. CONCLUSIONS: These data provide evidence that LLLT reverses @entity8638 -induced behavioral @entity56 , reduces glial cell activation in the DRG and decreases pro-inflammatory cytokines; we suggest that this involvement of glial cells can be one potential mechanism in such an effect.

title: Low level laser therapy alters satellite glial cell expression and reverses nociceptive behavior in XXXX with @entity9 .

entities_list: @entity1931 :: ('MESH:D006930', 'Disease') :: ['thermal hyperalgesia', 'allodynia', 'hyperalgesia']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['early reduction']

entities_list: @entity128 :: ('MESH:D020209', 'Disease') :: ['Nerve injury']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['hypersensitivity']

entities_list: @entity8638 :: ('MESH:D020208', 'Disease') :: ['chronic constriction injury', 'CCI']

entities_list: @entity9 :: ('MESH:D009437', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathic pain']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2662 )-associated @entity1909 (IDH) is a chronic and recurrent @entity484 occurring during childhood and adolescence. @entity2662 -associated @entity602 /tropical @entity3500 ( @entity3498 / @entity3499 ) is a chronic @entity602 of adulthood, presenting with slowly progressive @entity3500 and @entity1690 with mild sensory involvement. There are few reports describing an association between IDH and @entity3498 / @entity3499 . The objective of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of @entity3498 / @entity3499 in @entity1 with IDH and in seropositive members of their families and to determine the blood levels of antibodies against @entity2662 in @entity1 with @entity3498 / @entity3499 . METHODS: Twenty @entity1 with IDH and their seropositive mothers and siblings underwent clinical, neurological, and laboratory evaluations. The diagnosis of @entity3498 / @entity3499 was made in accordance with the World Health Organization criteria. RESULTS: Nine individuals had @entity3498 / @entity3499 (6 of the @entity1 with IDH, 2 mothers, and 1 seropositive brother). In 3 families, > 1 individual had @entity3498 / @entity3499 . The serum antibody titers of the @entity1 with @entity3498 / @entity3499 varied from 1 : 3.125 to 1 : 78.125. CONCLUSIONS: A strong association was observed between IDH and @entity3498 / @entity3499 . The familial clustering of both diseases suggests a genetic background. Serological screening for @entity2662 in @entity1 with symptoms of @entity602 is essential in areas where @entity2662 is endemic.

title: XXXX and @entity2662 -associated @entity602 /tropical @entity3500 in childhood and adolescence.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1690 :: ('MESH:D046628', 'Disease') :: ['sphincter dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity2662 :: ('11908', 'Species') :: ['HTLV-1', 'Human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1']

entities_list: @entity3500 :: ('MESH:D020336', 'Disease') :: ['spastic paraparesis']

entities_list: @entity602 :: ('MESH:D013118', 'Disease') :: ['myelopathy']

entities_list: @entity1909 :: ('MESH:D003872', 'Disease') :: ['infective dermatitis']

answer: @entity1909 :: (MESH:D003872,Disease) :: ['Infective dermatitis']


abstract: PURPOSE: Little is known about the etiology of the non-inflammatory Chronic @entity2371 (CPPS, NIH category IIIb). We conducted this study to determine whether endoscopic and urodynamic evaluation provide objectively measurable parameters that may support the rationale of therapeutic strategies for @entity1 who failed to respond to medical treatment of non-inflammatory CPPS. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The 48 @entity1 included in this study fulfilled the NIH criteria for non-inflammatory chronic @entity2371 category IIIb. All @entity1 had received multiple courses of antimicrobial and/or anti-inflammatory drugs, but suffered recurrent symptoms. An endoscopic and urodynamic evaluation was performed after any medical treatment had been discontinued for at least 6 weeks. RESULTS: At urethrocystoscopy, no @entity1 had endoscopic evidence of obstruction due to urethral stricture, but 29 @entity1 (60%) were found to have significant @entity1494 . At urodynamic evaluation, these 29 @entity1 had an increased detrusor opening pressure DOP (49 vs. 29 cm @entity2507 ), an increased detrusor pressure at maximal flow P(det,Q(max)) (55 vs. 34 cm @entity2507 ), a decreased maximal flow Q(max) (10 vs. 17 ml/s) and an increased postvoid residual urine PVR (67 vs. 17 ml) when compared to the 19 @entity1 with a normal appearing @entity1494 . These differences were statistically significant (p<0.05). When assessed with the NIH @entity1069 Symptom Index (CPSI) the two groups showed no difference in the domains of @entity158 and quality of life impact but urinary symptoms were significantly more pronounced in the presence of @entity1494 alterations. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with non-inflammatory CPPS who fail to respond to medical treatment with antibiotics and/or anti-inflammatory drugs may have morphological alterations in form of @entity1494 . This can be suspected when urinary symptoms, residual urine and decreased Q(max) are present. These can be assessed by non-invasive methods. Endoscopic and/or urodynamic evaluation seem to be justified in these @entity1 in order to establish the diagnosis, consider alpha-adrenergic blockade and avoid unnecessary antibiotic treatment.

title: Non-inflammatory chronic @entity2371 can be caused by XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1069 :: ('MESH:D053448', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic Prostatitis']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bladder neck hypertrophy', 'bladder neck']

entities_list: @entity2371 :: ('MESH:D017699', 'Disease') :: ['Pelvic Pain Syndrome', 'pelvic pain syndrome']

answer: @entity1494 :: (MESH:D001745,Disease) :: ['bladder neck hypertrophy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1486 (PSA) is secreted exclusively by prostatic epithelial cells, and its serum concentration is increased in @entity1 with @entity4623 , including @entity5 . We evaluated its usefulness in the detection and staging of @entity263 . METHODS: We measured serum PSA concentrations in 1653 healthy @entity1 50 or more years old. Those with PSA values greater than or equal to 4.0 micrograms per liter then underwent rectal examination and prostatic ultrasonography. Ultrasound-directed prostatic needle biopsies were performed in the @entity1 with abnormal findings on rectal examination, ultrasonography, or both. The results were compared with those in 300 consecutively studied @entity1 50 or more years old who underwent ultrasound-directed biopsy because of symptoms or abnormal findings on rectal examination. RESULTS: Serum PSA levels ranged from 4.0 to 9.9 micrograms per liter in 6.5 percent of the 1653 @entity1 (107). Nineteen of the 85 @entity1 in this group (22 percent) who had prostatic biopsies had @entity263 . Serum PSA levels were 10.0 micrograms per liter or higher in 1.8 percent of the 1653 @entity1 (30). Eighteen of the 27 @entity1 in this group (67 percent) who had prostatic biopsies had @entity5 . If rectal examination alone had been used to screen the @entity1 who had biopsies, 12 of the 37 @entity5 (32 percent) would have been missed. If ultrasonography alone had been used to screen these @entity1 , 16 of the 37 @entity5 (43 percent) would have been missed. Serum PSA measurement had the lowest error rate of the tests, and PSA measurement plus rectal examination had the lowest error rate of the two-test combinations. CONCLUSIONS: The combination of measurement of the serum PSA concentration and rectal examination, with ultrasonography performed in @entity1 with abnormal findings, provides a better method of detecting @entity263 than rectal examination alone.

title: Measurement of @entity1486 in serum as a screening test for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity4623 :: ('MESH:D011469', 'Disease') :: ['prostatic disease']

entities_list: @entity1486 :: ('354', 'Gene') :: ['Prostate-specific antigen']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate cancer']


abstract: Despite @entity64 being one of the main causes of acquired impairments of @entity1957 worldwide, well-established therapies to improve motor functions are sparse. Recently, attempts have been made to improve gross motor rehabilitation by mapping @entity1 movements to sound, termed sonification. Sonification provides additional sensory input, supplementing impaired proprioception. However, to date no established sonification-supported rehabilitation protocol strategy exists. In order to examine and validate the effectiveness of sonification in @entity64 rehabilitation, we developed a computer program, termed "SonicPointer": @entity1 ' computer @entity19 movements were sonified in real-time with complex tones. Tone characteristics were derived from an invisible parameter mapping, overlaid on the computer screen. The parameters were: tone pitch and tone brightness. One parameter varied along the x, the other along the y @entity2270 . The order of parameter assignment to axes was balanced in two blocks between subjects so that each @entity1 performed under both conditions. Subjects were naive to the overlaid parameter mappings and its change between blocks. In each trial a target tone was presented and subjects were instructed to indicate its origin with respect to the overlaid parameter mappings on the screen as quickly and accurately as possible with a @entity19 click. Twenty-six elderly healthy @entity1 were tested. Required time and two-dimensional accuracy were recorded. Trial duration times and learning curves were derived. We hypothesized that subjects performed in one of the two parameter-to- @entity2270 -mappings better, indicating the most natural sonification. Generally, subjects' localizing performance was better on the pitch @entity2270 as compared to the @entity631 . Furthermore, the learning curves were steepest when pitch was mapped onto the vertical and brightness onto the horizontal @entity2270 . This seems to be the optimal constellation for this two-dimensional sonification.

title: Sonification as a possible XXXX rehabilitation strategy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'participant', 'patient', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'cerebral stroke']

entities_list: @entity1957 :: ('MESH:D019957', 'Disease') :: ['motor skills']

entities_list: @entity631 :: ('MESH:D005921', 'Disease') :: ['brightness axis']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['stroke']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Extramammary @entity4261 (EMPD) is an @entity189 usually occurring on the skin or mucosa of the perineum. Clinically, it resembles @entity484 or @entity1909 , and misdiagnosis and treatment delays are common. The treatment of choice for EMPD is a wide excision with adequate margins. Wide excision with intraoperative frozen biopsy and Mohs micrographic surgery are common methods; however, these are associated with a high recurrence rate and long operation time, respectively. METHODS: Between January 2010 and June 2013, 21 @entity1 diagnosed with EMPD underwent mapping biopsy. Biopsy specimens were collected from at least 10 areas, 2 cm from the @entity5 margin. When the specimens were positive for @entity5 , additional mapping biopsy was performed around the biopsy site of the positive result, and continued until no @entity5 cells were found. Based on the results, excision margins and reconstruction plans were established preoperatively. RESULTS: The @entity1 (18 male, 3 female) had a mean age of 66.5 years (range, 50-82 years). Almost all cases involved in the perineal area, except one case of axillary involvement. Permanent biopsy revealed one case (4.8%) of positive @entity5 cells on the resection margin, in which additional mapping biopsy and re-operation was performed. At the latest follow-up (mean, 27.4 months; range, 12-53 months), recurrence had not occurred. CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative mapping biopsy enables accurate resection margins and a preoperative reconstructing plan. Additionally, it reduces the operation time and risk of recurrence. Accordingly, it represents an effective alternative to Mohs micrographic surgery and wide excision with intraoperative frozen biopsy.

title: The Effectiveness of Mapping Biopsy in XXXX with Extramammary Paget's Disease.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'malignancy']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['intraepithelial carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity4261 :: ('MESH:D010001', 'Disease') :: ["Paget's disease"]

entities_list: @entity1909 :: ('MESH:D003872', 'Disease') :: ['dermatitis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the @entity5 detection rate (CDR) of an early repeated flexible ureteroscopy (2nd-look-URS) and its impact on the conservative management of @entity1 affected with upper urinary tract @entity189 (UTUC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Clinical and surgical data from 41 @entity1 with UTUC who underwent 2nd-look-URS within 60  days of their first URS with concomitant laser @entity5 photoablation at a single tertiary care referral centre from 2009 to 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. Radical nephroureterectomy was offered during follow-up in case of massive @entity5 recurrence (defined as a @entity5 not completely removable only with a conservative approach). Descriptive statistics tested the impact of 2nd-look-URS outcomes on subsequent endoscopic evaluation. Kaplan-Meier curves assessed massive @entity5 recurrence-free survival (mRFS) rates according to the presence of a @entity5 at 2nd-look-URS. Cox regression analyses identified predictors of mRFS. RESULTS: CDR at 2nd-look-URS was 51.2  %. CDRs at third URS were 81.3 and 41.2  % in @entity1 with a positive and a negative 2nd-look-URS, respectively (p  =  0.02). At a mean (median) follow-up of 34.6 (27.6) months, mRFS rates were 88 and 48  % in @entity1 with negative and positive 2nd-look-URS, respectively (log rank  =  0.015). @entity5 grade at first URS and 2nd-look-URS outcomes achieved predictor status for mRFS (HR 6.1, 95  % CI 1.42-26.27 and HR 5.39, 95  % CI 1.18-24.66, respectively, all p   <=  0.03). CONCLUSIONS: 2nd-look-URS-related CDR in conservatively treated UTUC @entity1 was 51.2  %. 2nd-look-URS outcomes affected the findings of both subsequent endoscopic evaluation and mRFS. Further studies are needed to confirm the benefits of this approach in terms of @entity1 outcomes.

title: Early repeated ureteroscopy within 6-8  weeks after a primary endoscopic treatment in XXXX with upper tract urothelial cell @entity189 : preliminary findings.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Tumour', 'cancer', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['urothelial carcinoma']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: A bioassay of @entity1882 for possible carcinogenicity was conducted by administering the test chemical in feed to F344 @entity35 and B6C3F1 @entity19 . Groups of 50 @entity35 and 50 @entity19 of each sex were administered @entity1882 at one of two doses, either 3,000 or 6,000 ppm; the @entity35 for 105 weeks and the @entity19 for 107 or 108 weeks. Matched controls consisted of 20 untreated @entity35 and 20 untreated @entity19 of each sex. All surviving animals were killed at the end of administration of the test chemical. Mean body weights of the dosed @entity35 and @entity19 were lower than those of the corresponding controls and were dose related throughout most of the bioassay. Survival was not affected significantly in the dosed groups of @entity35 or @entity19 , and the survival was 60% or greater in all dosed or control groups of @entity35 and @entity19 of each sex at the end of the bioassay. Sufficient number of animals were at risk for the development of late-appearing @entity5 . @entity133 or @entity652 occurred in the female @entity19 at a significant incidence in the low-dose group (P=0.009) but not in the high dose group, and the incidences were not significantly dose related (control 1/20, low-dose 16/46, high-dose 7/50). Thus, these @entity2 in the female cannot clearly be related to the administration of the @entity1882 . No @entity5 occurred in either male or female @entity35 at incidences that were significantly higher in dosed groups than in corresponding control groups. @entity75 that may have been related to the administration of the test chemical included focal @entity133 at increased incidences in the dosed female @entity35 and various lesions of the liver at increased incidences in the dosed male @entity19 . It is concluded that under the conditions of this bioassay, @entity1882 was not carcinogenic for F344 @entity35 or B6C3F1 @entity19 .

title: Bioassay of @entity1882 ( XXXX ) for possible carcinogenicity.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['Nonneoplastic lesions']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung tumors']

entities_list: @entity133 :: ('MESH:D002282', 'Disease') :: ['alveolar histiocytosis', 'Alveolar/bronchiolar carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['adenomas']

answer: @entity1882 :: (MESH:D002084,Chemical) :: ['BHT']


abstract: We recently reported that regional lymph node lymphocytes (RLNL) from @entity1 with @entity2 were in a more highly activated state than peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) when the activation-related molecules were studied by FACS analysis. To identify whether or not RLNL had the ability to respond to @entity5 ( @entity5 ), in the present study a mixed lymphocyte @entity5 cell reaction (MLTR) either with or without recombinant @entity1199 (rlL-2) was performed in 41 cases with @entity2 . Significant proliferative responses to @entity5 were found in RLNL from 20 of 41 cases (48.8%) without @entity1199 , and in 23 of 41 cases (56.1%) with @entity1199 . On the other hand, such responses were observed in the PBL from 8 of 30 cases (26.7%) without @entity1199 , and from 11 of 30 cases (36.7%) with @entity1199 . No significant correlation between MLTR and such clinical factors as @entity5 size, metastasis to lymph node, histology and stage of the disease was found. To further analyze the anti- @entity5 response of RLNL, the cytokine production of RLNL was investigated after stimulation by @entity5 . An increase in @entity379 ( @entity379 ) production was observed in RLNL with a positive reaction of MLTR, while no such increase was found in PBL. Finally, to elucidate whether the expression of MHC class II molecules was a key point in MLTR, @entity5 cells in primary lesions were examined for the expression of MHC class II by immunohistochemical staining, and the blocking assay of MLTR was performed with anti-MHC class II monoclonal antibody. Data suggested that there was a positive correlation between MHC class II expression of the @entity5 and MLTR and that MLTR were partially blocked by anti-MHC class II monoclonal antibody. These results demonstrated that RLNL were in a more highly activated state against @entity5 than were PBL, and this finding is considered to be helpful in enhancing our understanding of the role of RLNL in @entity2 @entity1 .

title: Antitumor response of regional lymph node lymphocytes in XXXX @entity2 .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'AT', 'autologous tumor cells']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['primary lung cancer', 'lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity379 :: ('3458', 'Gene') :: ['IFN-gamma', 'interferon-gamma']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD) and recommended dose of @entity2600 ( @entity2600 ) in combination with @entity1487 ( @entity1487 ) and @entity4181 (LV), using a biweekly LV5FU2 regimen and increasing doses of @entity2600 , and to assess the efficacy of this combination in pretreated @entity1 with @entity14 ( @entity14 ). @entity1 AND METHODS: All @entity1 had metastatic @entity14 and a World Health Organization performance status of 0 or 1. @entity2600 was administered over a 90-minute infusion every 2 weeks at a range of dose levels (100, 120, 150, 180, 200, 220, and 260 mg/m(2)). LV5FU2 was started 1 hour after the end of the biweekly @entity2600 infusion and was also administered on day 2. RESULTS: Fifty-five @entity1 were entered onto this trial; 549 cycles were administered. The MTD was not reached at 260 mg/m(2), and a dose level of 300 mg/m(2) was added. The MTD as defined in the protocol was not reached at this dose level either, but all @entity1 had cycles delayed and/or required a dose reduction. This dose was deemed to be the MTD. To take into account both the @entity137 of and compliance with the biweekly schedule, the recommended @entity2600 dose was established at 180 to 200 mg/m(2). Antitumor activity was observed at almost all dose levels, with an objective response rate of 22%. Median time to progression was 6.3 months and overall survival was 15 months. CONCLUSION: The biweekly @entity2600 /LV5FU2 combination is feasible and safe, without overlapping @entity137 . @entity2600 at 180 to 200 mg/m(2) in combination with LV5FU2 has been selected as the recommended dose for further studies.

title: Irinotecan combined with bolus @entity1487 , continuous infusion @entity1487 , and high-dose leucovorin every two weeks (LV5FU2 regimen): a clinical dose-finding and pharmacokinetic study in XXXX with pretreated metastatic @entity14 .

entities_list: @entity4181 :: ('MESH:D002955', 'Chemical') :: ['leucovorin']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['CRC', 'colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['5-FU', 'fluorouracil']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: The incidence and characteristics of AIH differ in various geographic regions. Based on limited epidemiologic studies, the incidence of type 1 AIH among Caucasoid populations of Europe and North America ranges from 0.1 to 1.9/100,000/year. The disease is considerably less frequent in Japan. The relative proportion of AIH among cases with @entity3619 is low in regions with a high prevalence of @entity99 . Type 2 AIH is more frequent in southern Europe than in northern Europe, the United States, and Japan. The occurrence of anti- @entity16683 is also higher in European than in Japanese @entity1 with type 1 AIH. The frequency of HLA markers that affect susceptibility to AIH varies between ethnic groups. @entity6103 *0301 (DR3) and @entity6103 *0401 ( @entity4107 ) are the major risk factors for type 1 AIH in white European and North American populations. @entity6103 *0405 ( @entity4107 ) is the principal risk factor in Japanese and adult Argentine @entity1 with type 1 AIH, and @entity6103 *0404 ( @entity4107 ) is the main susceptibility allele in Mestizo Mexicans. @entity1 may have different clinical manifestations than adults, and the diagnoses of type 2 AIH, @entity792 , and @entity33894 should be considered. Uniform application of diagnostic criteria formulated by the International @entity775 Group should strengthen future epidemiologic studies and extend awareness of AIH to yet unstudied minority groups.

title: Prevalence and epidemiology of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity775 :: ('MESH:D019693', 'Disease') :: ['Autoimmune Hepatitis']

entities_list: @entity3619 :: ('MESH:D006521', 'Disease') :: ['chronic hepatitis']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['viral hepatitis']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune sclerosing cholangitis']

answer: @entity775 :: (MESH:D019693,Disease) :: ['autoimmune hepatitis']


abstract: Rho kinase inhibitor @entity8232 has been shown to reduce @entity2553 , to inhibit @entity32 and apoptosis and to promote the recovery of neurological function. However, the effect of @entity8232 on @entity15185 protein expression has not been reported after @entity2806 /reperfusion. Therefore, this study sought to explore the effects of @entity8232 on blood-brain barrier permeability, @entity13573 and @entity15185 protein expression, and to further understand the neuroprotective effect of @entity8232 . A focal @entity2806 /reperfusion model was established using the intraluminal suture technique. @entity8232 (15 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally injected once a day. @entity51 was evaluated using Longa's method. Changes in permeability of blood-brain barrier were measured using Evans blue. Changes in @entity3547 , @entity13573 and @entity15185 protein expression were detected using immunohistochemistry and western blotting. Results revealed that @entity8232 noticeably contributed to the recovery of neurological function, improved the function of blood-brain barrier, inhibited @entity3547 protein expression, and upregulated @entity13573 and @entity15185 protein expression following @entity2806 /reperfusion. Results indicated that Rho kinase exhibits a certain effect on @entity16 following @entity2806 /reperfusion. Intervention targeted Rho kinase might be a new therapeutic target in the treatment of @entity2806 /reperfusion.

title: Rho kinase: A new target for treatment of XXXX /reperfusion injury.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity8232 :: ('MESH:C049347', 'Chemical') :: ['fasudil hydrochloride', 'Fasudil hydrochloride']

entities_list: @entity13573 :: ('2596', 'Gene') :: ['growth-associated protein-43']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral ischemia']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurovascular damage']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['Neurological deficit']

entities_list: @entity2553 :: ('MESH:D020301', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral vasospasm']

answer: @entity2806 :: (MESH:D002545,Disease) :: ['cerebral ischemia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Several imaging techniques may reveal @entity729 . Many studies indicate that the risk for @entity65 is increased when @entity730 is present. Recent meta-analyses on coronary @entity730 and cardiovascular risk may be confounded by indication. Therefore, this meta-analysis was performed with extensive subgroup analysis to assess the overall cardiovascular risk of finding @entity730 in any arterial wall or cardiac valve when using different imaging techniques. METHODS AND RESULTS: A meta-analysis of prospective studies reporting @entity730 and cardiovascular end-points was performed. Thirty articles were selected. The overall odds ratios (95% confidence interval [CI]) for @entity730 versus no @entity730 in 218,080 subjects after a mean follow-up of 10.1 years amounted to 4.62 (CI 2.24 to 9.53) for all cause mortality, 3.94 (CI 2.39 to 6.50) for cardiovascular mortality, 3.74 (CI 2.56 to 5.45) for coronary events, 2.21 (CI 1.81 to 2.69) for @entity64 , and 3.41 (CI 2.71 to 4.30) for any cardiovascular event. Heterogeneity was largely explained by length of follow up and sort of imaging technique. Subgroup analysis of @entity1 with @entity454 revealed a much higher odds ratio for any event of 6.22 (CI 2.73 to 14.14). CONCLUSION: The presence of @entity730 in any arterial wall is associated with a 3-4-fold higher risk for mortality and cardiovascular events. Interpretation of the pooled estimates has to be done with caution because of heterogeneity across studies.

title: XXXX as a marker of increased cardiovascular risk: a meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['calcification', 'calcifications']

entities_list: @entity729 :: ('MESH:D061205', 'Disease') :: ['calcification of the arterial wall or cardiac valves']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['end stage renal disease']

answer: @entity729 :: (MESH:D061205,Disease) :: ['Vascular calcifications']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To study whether high-dose versus usual-dose statin treatment reduces the incidence of @entity3657 ( @entity3657 ) and what is the effect of high-dose statin treatment on @entity65 ( @entity65 ) outcome in @entity1 with @entity3657 . METHODS AND RESULTS: In the Incremental Decrease in End Points Through Aggressive Lipid Lowering trial, 8888 post- @entity583 @entity1 were randomised to high-dose or usual-dose statin therapy ( @entity2993 80   mg/day vs @entity3413 20-40   mg/day). We investigated the effect of high-dose versus usual-dose statins on the pre-specified outcome @entity3657 incidence, and additionally performed a posthoc analysis of the efficacy of high-dose statins in reducing @entity65 risk among @entity1 with @entity3657 . During a median follow-up of 4.8   years, 94 @entity1 (2.2%) receiving @entity2993 and 135 @entity1 (3.2%) receiving @entity3413 developed @entity3657 (HR=0.70, 95% CI 0.53 to 0.91; p=0.007). The risk of major coronary events was almost twofold higher in @entity1 with @entity3657 at baseline, but was no longer significant after adjusting for the adverse cardiovascular risk profile. In @entity3657 @entity1 , major coronary events occurred in fewer @entity1 in the @entity2993 group (14.4%) than in the @entity3413 group (20.1%), but the difference did not reach statistical significance. (HR=0.68, 95% CI 0.41 to 1.11; p=0.13). @entity2993 treatment significantly reduced overall cardiovascular (p=0.046) and coronary events (p=0.004), and coronary revascularisation (p=0.007) in these @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: High-dose statin therapy with @entity2993 significantly reduced the incidence of @entity3657 compared with usual-dose statin therapy with @entity3413 . @entity1 with a history of @entity3657 at baseline were at higher risk of future coronary events and this risk was reduced by high-dose @entity2993 treatment. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT00159835 (URL: http://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT00159835).

title: High-dose @entity2993 is superior to moderate-dose XXXX in preventing @entity3657 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3413 :: ('MESH:D019821', 'Chemical') :: ['simvastatin']

entities_list: @entity3657 :: ('MESH:D058729', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral artery disease', 'PAD']

entities_list: @entity2993 :: ('MESH:C065179', 'Chemical') :: ['atorvastatin', 'Atorvastatin']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['CVD', 'cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity3413 :: (MESH:D019821,Chemical) :: ['simvastatin']


abstract: PURPOSE: A second transurethral resection (TUR) has been recommended by guidelines for high-grade non-muscle-invasive @entity150 (NMIBC). However, the impact of surgical quality and post-TUR intra-vesical instillation therapy on oncologic outcome still remains unclear for newly diagnosed NMIBC. We conducted a retrospective cohort study for the @entity1 who underwent extensive TUR followed by appropriate intra-vesical therapy for newly diagnosed NMIBC to assess their oncological outcomes. METHODS: We treated a cohort of 150 @entity1 with NMIBC by our single but extensive TUR protocol at Hirosaki University Hospital between January 2005 and May 2012. The extensive TUR procedure comprised complete resection of all visible @entity5 including the @entity121 with a separate cold cup-biopsy of the marginal bottom. After visible @entity5 resection, additional resection for 5  mm wider area around the first surgical margin was performed. TUR was conducted by three expert urologists who had common agreement with the extensive TUR. All @entity1 received 50  mg of @entity1259 instillation immediately after TUR. Out of 150 @entity1 , 74 @entity1 who had multiple @entity5 or high-grade T1 disease received 40  mg of bacillus Calmette-Gu  rin Tokyo 172 strain once a week for six consecutive weeks. @entity1 who received second TUR were not included. The endpoints in this study were the recurrence-, progression-free, @entity5 -specific, and overall survivals. RESULTS: The 5-year recurrence- and progression-free survival rates were 77.2 and 98.0  %, respectively. The 5-year @entity5 -specific and overall survival rates were 98.0 and 92.6  %, respectively. The 5-year recurrence- and progression-free survival rates in high-grade T1 disease were 77.1 and 97.6  %, respectively, which were not significantly different from those in the cohort with Ta or low-grade BC. Cystoscopy revealed that 93  % of the @entity1 were @entity5 -free, at the first cystoscopy, and four @entity1 (3  %) showed progression to stage T2 or higher disease during the first year. CONCLUSION: While the present study has several limitations, including single-arm and retrospective nature, a single but extensive TUR combined with adjuvant intravesical treatment may have acceptable oncological outcomes in NMIBC @entity1 .

title: Oncological outcomes of a single but extensive transurethral resection followed by appropriate intra-vesical instillation therapy for newly diagnosed non-muscle-invasive XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1259 :: ('MESH:D015251', 'Chemical') :: ['epirubicin']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder cancer']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['muscle layer']

answer: @entity150 :: (MESH:D001749,Disease) :: ['bladder cancer']


abstract: Continuous use of the pyrethroid insecticide @entity58322 (beta-cp) has resulted in serious environmental contamination problems. We report here that a novel bacterial strain BSF01, which was isolated from activated sludge and identified as @entity3881 (collection number: CCTCC AB 2014103), showed high efficiency in degrading beta-cp. Strain BSF01 was able to utilize beta-cp as the sole @entity505 source for growth and degraded 89.4  % of 50  mg  L(-1) beta-cp within 7  days. The optimal conditions for beta-cp degradation were determined to be 34.5    C, pH 6.7, and inocula amount 0.11  g dry wt  L(-1) using response surface methodology. The kinetic parameters q max, K s, and K i were established to be 2.19  day(-1), 76.37  mg  L(-1), and 54.14  mg  L(-1), respectively. The critical inhibitor concentration was determined to be 64.30  mg  L(-1). Seven metabolites were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Furthermore, a novel biodegradation pathway for beta-cp was proposed on the basis of analysis of the metabolites. This strain was also capable of degrading a wide range of pyrethroid insecticides including @entity5179 , @entity316 , @entity4204 , and @entity317 , which similar to beta-cp are hazardous chemicals. Taken together, our results depict the biodegradation pathway of beta-cp and highlight the promising potentials of strain BSF01 in bioremediation of pyrethroid-contaminated environments.

title: Isolation of a novel XXXX degrading strain @entity3881 BSF01 and its biodegradation pathway.

entities_list: @entity317 :: ('MESH:C052570', 'Chemical') :: ['beta-cyfluthrin']

entities_list: @entity58322 :: ('CHEBI:39332', 'Chemical') :: ['beta-cypermethrin']

entities_list: @entity5179 :: ('MESH:C017160', 'Chemical') :: ['cypermethrin']

entities_list: @entity4204 :: ('MESH:C037304', 'Chemical') :: ['cyhalothrin']

entities_list: @entity316 :: ('MESH:C017180', 'Chemical') :: ['deltamethrin']

entities_list: @entity3881 :: ('1423', 'Species') :: ['Bacillus subtilis']

answer: @entity58322 :: (CHEBI:39332,Chemical) :: ['beta-cypermethrin']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Biventricular pacing is important therapy for @entity712 , reversing @entity1002 in @entity384 . Although left ventricular lead location and right ventricular-left ventricular delay are believed to be critical in biventricular pacing, there is no established technique for optimizing pacing site and timing. METHODS: After median sternotomy in 8 anesthetized @entity1707 , an ultrasonic flow probe was placed on the ascending aorta to measure cardiac output, and pressure catheters were inserted into both ventricles. Temporary bipolar epicardial pacing leads were attached to the right atrium and anterior right ventricle. A patch with 5 bipolar electrodes was placed behind the left ventricle. A temporary bipolar lead was also placed on the left ventricular apex. @entity616 was established by @entity1068 ablation. Right ventricular pressure overload was induced by snaring the pulmonary artery until right ventricular systolic pressure doubled. Dual-chamber mode biventricular pacing was instituted at 9 right ventricular-left ventricular delays, +80 ms to -80 ms in 20 ms increments, and 6 left ventricular sites. Data from the 54 combinations of these variables were acquired in a randomized fashion. Mixed model technology was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Qualitatively, two unique site/timing pairs were optimal. Statistically, pacing the obtuse margin at a right ventricular-left ventricular delay of +60 ms (mean cardiac output = 1.80 L/min) and the inferolateral wall at a right ventricular-left ventricular delay of -20 ms (mean cardiac output = 1.79 L/min) was superior to all other site/timing combinations (mean cardiac output = 1.71 L/min; P = .006). CONCLUSIONS: Left ventricular pacing site and right ventricular-left ventricular delay can be optimized with a multielectrode patch and randomized data collection. This technique can be used further in clinical studies.

title: Left ventricular pacing site and timing optimization during biventricular pacing using a multielectrode patch in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['dilated cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity616 :: ('MESH:D006327', 'Disease') :: ['Complete heart block']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular dysfunction']

answer: @entity1707 :: (9823,Species) :: ['pigs']


abstract: The effects of three stressors of different categories, namely cold exposure, immobilization, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment, on sympathetic nerve activity were examined by assessing its biochemical index @entity1063 (NE) turnover in peripheral organs of C57BL/6 @entity19 . NE turnover was assessed by measuring the decrease in the organ NE concentration 3 h after inhibition of @entity2922 biosynthesis with @entity8490 . NE turnover in brown adipose tissue (BAT) in the room temperature (23 degrees C) control group was as high as that in the cold exposure (4 degrees C) group. Similarly, the mRNA level of the thermogenic marker uncoupling protein 1 ( @entity4305 ) in the room temperature control group was as high as that in the cold exposure group. As sympathetic stimulation upregulates the @entity4305 mRNA level, we thought that sympathetic nerve tonus in BAT was already accelerated at room temperature. To exclude factors affecting basal sympathetic nerve activity, @entity19 housed at thermoneutral temperature (30 degrees C) were used as controls for the subsequent experiments. In this condition, cold exposure accelerated NE turnover in the BAT, as well as heart and pancreas. The @entity2819 level showed a higher trend in the cold exposure group in comparison to the control group. Immobilization accelerated NE turnover in the spleen, pancreas, and white adipose tissue and elevated the @entity2819 level. LPS (3 mg/kg, i.p.) did not affect NE turnover in all peripheral organs but elevated the @entity2819 level. In summary, the sympathetic nervous and adrenocortical responses to three stressors differed greatly. In particular, sympathetic responses showed clear organ-specific acceleration patterns. This important feature may improve our understanding of the multiplicity of biological responses.

title: Organ-specific changes in @entity1063 turnover against various stress conditions in thermoneutral XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2819 :: ('MESH:D003345', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosterone']

entities_list: @entity8490 :: ('CHEBI:6912', 'Chemical') :: ['alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine']

entities_list: @entity2922 :: ('CHEBI:33567', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamine']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['norepinephrine']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity3271 ( @entity3271 ) are uncommon primary @entity1313 whose natural history, prognosis, and optimal management are not yet fully understood. However, they are associated with a better prognosis and response to multimodality therapy based on specific molecular changes. In this multicenter retrospective study, we analyzed the clinical characteristics of @entity1 with @entity3271 to identify prognostic factors that influence @entity1054 ( @entity1054 ) and survival. METHODS: A retrospective search of the @entity1313 databases of three institutions (the University of Texas M. D. Anderson @entity5 Center, the University of California at San Francisco, and the University of Utah) for @entity1 between 1977 and 1995 with histologically confirmed @entity3271 identified a cohort of 106 @entity1 that was further analyzed in this study. Initial treatment included surgery alone (n = 12) or surgery followed by one of the following: radiotherapy (RT) alone (n = 49), chemotherapy alone (n = 4), chemotherapy followed by RT (n = 10), RT followed by chemotherapy (n = 20), and others (n = 11). RESULTS: The median age at diagnosis was 43 years, and the median Karnofsky performance score (KPS) was 90. The overall median survival was 7.3 years, and the 5-year survival rate was 62%. Univariate analysis of several clinical variables showed that only age (p < 0.0001) and KPS (p = 0.04) correlated significantly with survival. Fifty @entity1 had disease progression after initial therapy. The median @entity1054 was 48 months. Age at diagnosis was the only variable that correlated significantly with @entity1054 . CONCLUSIONS: A trend towards longer survival with a greater extent of resection was evident. The relative efficacy of various treatment modalities could not be definitively determined because of the heterogeneity of the therapies used. Overall, @entity1 with @entity3271 have a better prognosis after therapy compared with those who have other @entity11 .

title: XXXX : prognostic factors for @entity5 recurrence and survival.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['brain tumor', 'brain tumors']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cancer']

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['malignant gliomas']

entities_list: @entity1054 :: ('MESH:D000377', 'Disease') :: ['TTP', 'time to progression']

entities_list: @entity3271 :: ('MESH:D009837', 'Disease') :: ['AO', 'Anaplastic oligodendrogliomas']

answer: @entity3271 :: (MESH:D009837,Disease) :: ['Anaplastic oligodendrogliomas']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity740 is a major health concern that, if left untreated, may progress to end-stage @entity177 (ESKF). Identifying individuals at an increased risk of @entity8 and who might benefit from a therapeutic or preventive intervention is an important challenge. AIM: To evaluate the performance of the QKidney   scores for predicting 5-year risk of developing moderate-severe @entity8 and ESKF in an independent UK cohort of @entity1 from general practice records. DESIGN AND SETTING: Prospective cohort study to evaluate the performance of two risk scores for @entity8 in 364 practices from the UK, contributing to @entity283 ( @entity283 ) database. METHOD: Data were obtained from 1.6 million @entity1 registered with a general practice surgery between 1 January 2002 and 1 July 2008, aged 35-74 years, with 43,186 incident cases of moderate-severe @entity8 and 2663 incident cases of ESKF. This is the first recorded evidence of moderate-severe chronic kidney and ESKF as recorded in general practice records. RESULTS: The results from this independent and external validation of QKidney scores indicate that both scores showed good performance data for both moderate-severe @entity8 and ESKF, on a large cohort of general practice @entity1 . Discrimination and calibration statistics were better for models including serum @entity1011 ; however, there were considerable amounts of missing data for serum @entity1011 . QKidney scores both with and without serum @entity1011 were well calibrated. CONCLUSION: QKidney scores have been shown to be useful tools to predict the 5-year risk of moderate-severe @entity8 and ESKF in the UK.

title: Predicting the risk of XXXX in the UK: an evaluation of QKidney   scores using a primary care database.

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity283 :: ('OMIM:603663', 'Disease') :: ['THIN', 'The Health Improvement Network']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['kidney failure']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

answer: @entity740 :: (MESH:D051436,Disease) :: ['chronic kidney disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the inhibitory effect of recombinant @entity1 @entity10120 on @entity5 growth and @entity3 of @entity420 LA795 in @entity19 . METHODS: Recombinant @entity1 @entity10120 was purified rom endostadin-expressing pCX clones. LA795 cells were inoculated subcutaneously on the back of T739 @entity19 , which were randomized into 2 groups. From the tenth day on, treatment group was given 20 mg/kg recombinant @entity1 @entity10120 subcutaneously daily for 14 consecutive days, and the control group received PBS in the same manner. The sizes of the subcutaneous @entity5 , lung weights, the number of metastases over the lung surface and the survival time of the @entity19 were observed. RESULTS: The @entity5 sizes of the treatment group in creased slowly from (650+/-201) mm3 to (1 642+/-21) mm3 when compared with those of the control group which showed and increase from (623+/-248) mm3 to (9 194+/-952) mm3. The lung weight of the 2 groups was (190+/-25) mg and (324+/-43) mg respectively, and the number of lung sung surface metastases was 8+/-2 and 22+/-8 for each. The average survival time of the @entity35 in the 2 groups was 48 d and 27 d, respectively. All parameters measured between the 2 groups showed significant differences (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Recom binent @entity1 @entity10120 has strong inhibitory effect on both the growth of @entity5 and @entity3 of lung @entity420 LA795 cells, and prolongs the survival time of the @entity5 -bearing @entity19 .

title: Inhibition of lung adenocarcinoma LA795 in @entity19 by recombinant @entity1 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'primary tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity10120 :: (80781,Gene) :: ['endostatin']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare spontaneous (Sp- @entity137 ) and P-induced @entity137 ( @entity137 ) in @entity28 and lean subjects. SETTING: Bariatric unit at a university hospital. DESIGN: Prospective, observational study. @entity1 (S): Twenty-three @entity28 (mean    SD body mass index [BMI], 44.3    5.9  kg/m(2)) and 25 age-matched lean (BMI, 24.2    3.0  kg/m(2)) subjects. INTERVENTION(S): None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Spontaneous and P-induced @entity137 in @entity28 and lean subjects. RESULT(S): A statistically significant difference was found between @entity28 and lean cohorts in total T and calculated free T, E2, glycated hemoglobin, and high-density lipoproteins, whereas among the routine semen parameters analyzed, only immotile sperm percentage and ejaculate volume differed significantly. Spermatozoa of @entity28 (n = 13) vs. lean @entity1 (n = 19) showed a higher Sp- @entity137 (17.9%    7.2% vs. 8.3%    4.2%), which resulted in a reduced ability to respond to P evaluated as the @entity137 -after-P-challenge parameter (3.5%    3.2% vs. 17.6%    9.2%). Multivariate analysis adjusted for age revealed a significant correlation between BMI, waist, E2, and glycated hemoglobin with both Sp- @entity137 (age-adjusted r = 0.654, r = 0.711, r = 0.369, and r = 0.644, respectively) and @entity137 -after-P-challenge (age-adjusted r = -0.570, r = -0.635, r = -0.507, and r = -0.563, respectively). A significant difference in sperm @entity165 content was reported between @entity28 and lean @entity1 (29.8    19.5 vs. 19.1    14.6  ng/ g of proteins). CONCLUSION(S): Sperm @entity137 is @entity28 @entity1 , showing reduced response to P and elevated Sp- @entity137 , associated with altered circulating levels of E2 and sperm @entity165 content.

title: Acrosome reaction is impaired in @entity28 XXXX : a preliminary study.

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['acrosome reaction', 'AR']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['impaired in obese', 'spermatozoa of obese', 'obese']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['men']


abstract: A rare case of @entity9818 in a @entity1 with @entity9058 is reported. An 18-year-old @entity1 was admitted following prolonged @entity221 , watery @entity294 , abdominal discomfort, and a 2-week history of @entity5254 , cough, and @entity158 . @entity417 , @entity882 , @entity1087 , @entity382 , and mild @entity2629 developed within 2 weeks of admission. The diagnosis of a @entity9058 , probably secondary to infection, was made based on the findings of bone marrow examination. Extensive investigation failed to identify a causative agent. The disease initially responded rapidly to intravenous @entity230 and high-dose immunoglobulin therapy but relapsed soon after tapering of the @entity230 . Although her condition improved again on resumption of treatment with high-dose @entity230 , @entity1985 range @entity644 and microscopic @entity811 developed after the @entity230 were tapered. Fragmented erythrocytes were seen in peripheral blood with elevated serum @entity880 dehydrogenase and decreased serum @entity2104 concentrations. The results of subsequent renal pathology examination were also compatible with @entity9818 . The disease course finally stabilized after a course of pulse @entity1667 therapy. Immune @entity2915 , particularly hypercytokinemia and monocyte @entity2915 , could have accounted for the development of @entity9818 in this case. Only strong immunosuppressive therapy can control such disease activity.

title: @entity9818 in XXXX : a case report.

entities_list: @entity9818 :: ('MESH:D057049', 'Disease') :: ['thrombotic microangiopathy']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'girl']

entities_list: @entity1985 :: ('MESH:D009404', 'Disease') :: ['nephrotic']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity1667 :: ('MESH:D008775', 'Chemical') :: ['methylprednisolone']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity9058 :: ('MESH:D051359', 'Disease') :: ['reactive hemophagocytic syndrome', 'hemophagocytic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity5254 :: ('MESH:D002559', 'Disease') :: ['rhinorrhea']

entities_list: @entity2915 :: ('MESH:D006948', 'Disease') :: ['hyperactivity']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['painful cervical lymph nodes']

entities_list: @entity382 :: ('MESH:D006529', 'Disease') :: ['hepatomegaly']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity811 :: ('MESH:D006417', 'Disease') :: ['hematuria']

answer: @entity9058 :: (MESH:D051359,Disease) :: ['hemophagocytic syndrome']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the preservation of the structure and function of the @entity825 and larynx, the management of @entity154 when @entity825 and larynx was involved. METHOD: To review the management and clinical results of 13 cases of @entity3557 with larynx and @entity825 involvement, the preservation of laryngotracheal structure and relative defect reconstruction of our department from 2007-2014. Those @entity1 being performed total laryngectomy was excluded. 3 males and 10 females, aged from 46 to 67 years old with median age of 53 were included. Among them 8 cases were recurrent. The extent of the @entity5 foci was estimated with the help of computed tomography and laryngofiberoscope before surgery. Selective neck dissection, total thyroidectomy and related laryngotracheal resection was performed for the first time operation @entity1 , while selective neck dissection, recurrent foci and related larynx and @entity825 resection was performed for those recurrent @entity1 . Three kinds of modalities were applied to manage the @entity154 including to reconstruct with pedicled @entity12014 periosteocutaneous flap, pedicled @entity3986 and to preserve the remaining larynx and @entity825 and perform a stoma of larynx and @entity825 which repaired by a second-stage procedure. The @entity1 were followed-up from half an year to 3 years. RESULT: Ten @entity1 out of 13 decannulated while another 3 cases, 2 of which were performed local flap to reduce the stoma, wore tracheal tubes all time. CONCLUSION: Either flap transfer or laryngotracheal stoma before second stage repair might preserve partial laryngotacheal anatomy and function in selected cases thus improve the life quality of the @entity1 .

title: [The management of XXXX derived from @entity3557 resection].

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['laryngotracheal defect']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3557 :: ('MESH:C536915', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid papillary carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3986 :: ('MESH:D009136', 'Disease') :: ['trapizius muscular flap']

entities_list: @entity12014 :: ('MESH:C535977', 'Disease') :: ['sternocleidomastoid clavicular']

answer: @entity154 :: (MESH:D000013,Disease) :: ['laryngotracheal defect']


abstract: A 2D model was previously presented that describes the gliding motility of @entity1 @entity1492 cells. The model was based on the observation that adhesions are present only on the outer rim of the leading lamella of the semicircular cell. The present model describes the organization of adhesions and the cytoskeleton of migrating HT1080 @entity1492 and LX2 hepatic stellate cells in three dimensions. The migration assays were performed in a modified Boyden chamber using fibronectin, Matrigel, or collagen I as chemoattractants. The distribution of the adhesions was analyzed by confocal laser scanning microscope, and following decoration with heavy meromyosin, the organization of actin filaments was analyzed by electron microscopy. Double labeling was performed to study the relationship of the actin and @entity2277 filament network in the moving cells. @entity10274 containing adhesions were observed only at the front of the cell in the form of a ring while passing through a filter pore of the Boyden chamber. Actin filaments were present only below the plasma membrane, except the very tip of the leading lamella. @entity2277 intermediate filaments were localized around the cell nucleus behind the actin filament-rich lamella. This paper describes a model of the organization of adhesions and the cytoskeleton of migrating cells in the Boyden chamber. The model is based on the observation that adhesions are present only at the leading edge of the cell. The results extend the earlier 2D model of cell locomotion into 3D.

title: Boyden chamber-based method for characterizing the distribution of adhesions and cytoskeletal structure in HT1080 XXXX cells.

entities_list: @entity1492 :: ('MESH:D005354', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosarcoma']

answer: @entity1492 :: (MESH:D005354,Disease) :: ['fibrosarcoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To test the null hypothesis that the course and outcome of pregnancy in @entity1 with severe @entity1468 receiving temporising haemodynamic treatment does not depend on the presence or absence of the syndrome of haemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and a low platelet count ( @entity2102 ). DESIGN: A case-controlled study. SETTING: High risk obstetric unit, University Hospital Rotterdam-Dijkzigt, Rotterdam. SUBJECTS: One hundred and twenty-eight consecutive pre-eclamptic @entity1 with @entity2102 , gestational age less than 34 weeks, matched for maternal and gestational age with 128 pre-eclamptic @entity1 without @entity2102 . INTERVENTION: Both groups were treated with volume expansion and pharmacologic vasodilatation under invasive haemodynamic monitoring with the aim of prolonging gestation and enhancing fetal maturity. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Maternal and perinatal outcome in @entity1 with and without @entity2102 . RESULTS: Except for variables pertaining to @entity2102 , clinical and laboratory data and median prolongation of pregnancy did not differ between both groups. Complete reversal of @entity2102 occurred in 43% of @entity1 . Perinatal mortality was 14.1% in @entity2102 @entity1 and 14.8% in @entity1 without @entity2102 . No maternal complications occurred. CONCLUSION: We cannot reject the null hypothesis. Our data do not support a general recommendation of prompt termination of pregnancy in @entity2102 . Temporising treatment may improve fetal and neonatal as well as maternal outcome.

title: Temporising management of severe XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1468 :: ('MESH:D011225', 'Disease') :: ['pre-eclampsia']

answer: @entity1468 :: (MESH:D011225,Disease) :: ['pre-eclampsia with and without the HELLP syndrome']