abstract: PURPOSE: To report retrospectively on the 5-year follow-up results of the rehabilitation of complete edentulous @entity194 , using extra-maxillary zygomatic implants alone or in combination with conventional implants. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective report includes an initial cohort of 39 @entity1 (30 @entity1 and 9 @entity1 ), with a mean age of 53 years, followed for 5 years. The @entity1 were rehabilitated with 39 fixed prostheses and 169 implants (92 zygomatic implants inserted extra-maxillary and 77 conventional dental implants). A provisional prosthesis was manufactured and attached via multiunit abutments secured to the implants on the same day as implant placement. According to @entity1 desires and each clinical situation, either an acrylic resin, a metal-acrylic or metal-ceramic final prosthesis was inserted approximately 6 months after implant placement. Outcome measures were: prosthesis success; implant success; complications; probing pocket depths; marginal @entity548 ; and marginal bone levels (only for conventional implants). Data were analysed with descriptive statistics. RESULTS: Two @entity1 died after 8 and 30 months of follow-up due to causes unrelated to their oral rehabilitations, and 5 @entity1 dropped out of the study. No prosthesis was lost; one zygomatic implant was removed after 46 months of follow-up, giving cumulative success rates of 97% and 98.8% ( @entity1 and implant related, respectively). Twelve complications occurred in 12 @entity1 : 5 sinus infections in 5 @entity1 , all with a previous history of @entity1244 and whose sinus membrane was disrupted during surgery; one oroantral communication (leading to removal of the implant), 2 all acrylic resin prostheses fractures, 1 ceramic crown @entity174 (on a metal-ceramic prosthesis); and 3 screw loosenings. Bleeding on probing was recorded in 6 @entity1 (13 implants). Probing pocket depths >4 mm were present in 13 @entity1 (23 implants) at 5 years of follow-up. The average (standard deviation) marginal @entity604 on conventional implants was 1.16 mm (0.77 mm) in those 9 @entity1 having the intraoral radiographs. CONCLUSIONS: The long term outcome (5 years) of rehabilitations performed on @entity1 with completely edentulous, severely @entity3202 supported by immediately loaded zygomatic implants alone, or in combination with conventional implants, is satisfactory. Conflict of interest statement: Professor Mal   is currently a consultant for Nobel Biocare. This study was not supported by any grant.

title: Five-year outcome of a retrospective cohort study on the rehabilitation of completely edentulous XXXX with immediately loaded zygomatic implants placed extra-maxillary.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1244 :: ('MESH:D012852', 'Disease') :: ['sinusitis']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity604 :: ('MESH:D016301', 'Disease') :: ['bone loss']

entities_list: @entity3202 :: ('MESH:D016109', 'Disease') :: ['atrophic maxillae']

entities_list: @entity194 :: ('MESH:D001284', 'Disease') :: ['atrophied maxillae']

answer: @entity3202 :: (MESH:D016109,Disease) :: ['atrophic maxillae']


abstract: Inflammatory @entity158 is counteracted by a number of physiological processes. For example, opioid receptors, which are present on peripheral terminals of sensory neurons, are activated by endogenous opioids, which are released from immune cells migrating to the inflamed tissue. Earlier data demonstrated that @entity650 contributes to such inflammation-induced @entity1337 . In this report, we demonstrated that @entity650 strongly induces mu-opioid receptor mRNA in the @entity1 @entity521 cell line SH SY5Y, whereas delta-opioid receptor mRNA levels are not influenced. The mRNA increase in these cells is followed by an increase in mu-opioid receptor-specific binding. Using transcription factor decoy oligonucleotides, direct evidence was provided that the up-regulation of mu-opioid receptor mRNA in intact cells is dependent on the transcription factors @entity6897 ( @entity6897 ) and @entity4104 , whereas other transcription factors, such as activator protein-1, nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB, or NF- @entity650 are not involved. @entity6897 and @entity4104 bound to a site located at @entity377 -1583 on the promoter of the @entity1 mu-opioid receptor gene, as shown by transient transfection experiments, electrophoretic mobility shift assays, and transcription factor decoy oligonucleotides. A mutation analysis of the 5'-TTCATGGAA-3' @entity24779 element (palindrome underlined) was performed to determine @entity377 residues that are necessary for the binding of @entity6897 and @entity4104 . It suggested that only the palindromic half sides and the two adjacent central nucleotides are required. Neither mutation of the nucleotides outside the palindrome nor mutation of the central @entity377 affected @entity24779 binding.

title: Transcriptional regulation of the XXXX mu-opioid receptor gene by @entity650 .

entities_list: @entity1337 :: ('MESH:D000699', 'Disease') :: ['analgesia']

entities_list: @entity377 :: ('CHEBI:36976', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotide']

entities_list: @entity521 :: ('MESH:D009447', 'Disease') :: ['neuroblastoma']

entities_list: @entity6897 :: ('6772', 'Gene') :: ['STAT1', 'signal transducers and activators of transcription 1']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: PURPOSE: Although the @entity1014 analog radiation sensitizer @entity1603 (BrdUrd) increases radiation-induced @entity2008 , it is not known whether these aberrations are uniformly distributed among chromosomes. Using fluorescence in situ hybridization, we carried out a study to test the hypothesis that BrdUrd-induced radiosensitization may be mediated by nonuniform chromosomal damage. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Log phase HT29 @entity1 @entity694 cells were exposed to 10 microM BrdUrd (or media alone) for one cell cycle, and the G1 cells were separated by centrifugal elutriation. Half of the control and BrdUrd samples were irradiated with 8 Gy. Cells were then incubated for 24-28 h, and metaphase spreads were prepared. Fluorescence in situ hybridization was performed using paint probes for chromosomes 1 and 4. RESULTS: We found that radiation induced 0.20 aberrations per chromosome in chromosome 4. Based on the ratio of the relative lengths of chromosome 1-4 (1.34), it was predicted that chromosome 1 would have approximately 0.26 aberrations per chromosome. However, we observed 0.39 aberrations per chromosome 1, which was significantly greater than the predicted (p < 0.001 by chi-square). Incubation with BrdUrd prior to irradiation significantly increased the aberrations found in chromosome 1 (by a factor of 1.4) and chromosome 4 (by a factor of 1.9) compared to radiation alone (p < 0.001) for both chromosome 1 and 4). CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that individual chromosomes in @entity1 @entity694 cells show significantly different rates of aberration after irradiation. Furthermore, the BrdUrd-mediated increase in radiation-induced @entity2008 may not be uniform among chromosomes.

title: Use of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to study chromosomal damage induced by radiation and XXXX in @entity1 @entity694 cells.

entities_list: @entity1603 :: ('MESH:D001973', 'Chemical') :: ['bromodeoxyuridine']

entities_list: @entity1014 :: ('MESH:D013936', 'Chemical') :: ['thymidine']

entities_list: @entity2008 :: ('MESH:D002869', 'Disease') :: ['chromosomal aberrations']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon cancer']

answer: @entity1603 :: (MESH:D001973,Chemical) :: ['bromodeoxyuridine']


abstract: A clinicopathologic study on 16 cases of @entity8 is presented. Eleven were @entity1 and 5 @entity1 . The age ranged from 23 to 80 years with an average of 44.4. The course was from three days to one year. Abdominal mass, @entity158 and @entity811 were the main symptoms. Some individual cases were associated with @entity2916 . @entity8 was the principal complication often resulting in shock. The @entity5 was amenable to resection with a cure rate of 100% without recurrence, @entity3 or infiltration of the large renal veins. The prognosis was good. B-type ultrasound and CT scan were helpful in the clinical diagnosis. Of 16 cases, 15 @entity5 occurred in unilateral kidney, in which the mass was usually located in one pole of the organ. The other @entity5 involved bilateral kidneys. The @entity5 was easily misdiagnosed as @entity703 by gross examination because of its being relatively large, yellow on the cut surface with @entity548 and @entity39 and often infiltrating tissues surrounding the kidney. Histologically, the @entity5 consisted of mature blood vessels, smooth muscles and adipose tissues. Sometimes, misdiagnosis of the @entity8 with @entity5 was made because of the active growth of the smooth muscle and adipose cells. In this paper, special emphasis is put in the discussion of the pathologic features and and causes leading to the misdiagnosis. Basing on long-term follow-up, it is suggested that @entity8 be a @entity5 of the hamartomatous nature.

title: [ XXXX --a clinicopathologic study of 16 cases].

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['angiomyolipoma of the kidney', 'Spontaneous rupture of the kidney', 'renal angiomyolipoma']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'malignant change or angiomyoliposarcoma', 'benign tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity2916 :: ('MESH:D014402', 'Disease') :: ['tuberous sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity811 :: ('MESH:D006417', 'Disease') :: ['hematuria']

entities_list: @entity703 :: ('MESH:D007680', 'Disease') :: ['renal carcinoma']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['Renal angiomyolipoma']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Pelvic radiotherapy is an essential component of potentially curative therapy for many pelvic @entity5 ; however, the rectum consequently often sustains @entity130 . METHODS: The researchers retrieved @entity1 data that was prospectively gathered over a ten-year period between January 1995 and December 2004. The relevant details, including gender, age, pelvic pathology for which radiotherapy was administered, the presenting symptoms, the interval between radiotherapy and the onset of symptoms, the mode of diagnosis, treatments received, length of hospital stay and duration of follow-up, were analysed. RESULTS: During the period under review, 77 @entity1 were admitted for the treatment of @entity1161 , with a median follow-up period of 14 (range 1-61) months. There were 23 male and 54 female @entity1 , with a median age of 63.9 (range 37-89) years. The most common underlying @entity5 were gynaecological (63.6 percent), prostate (18.2 percent) and @entity14 . The most common presenting symptom was @entity548 per rectum (89.6 percent), with a change in bowel habits a distant second (10.4 percent). The median latent period between the completion of radiotherapy and the onset of symptoms was 24 (range 3-68) months. The majority of the @entity1 (72.5 percent) received non-surgical treatment, most commonly using topical 4 percent @entity406 solution to arrest the @entity548 , with more than half the @entity1 requiring repeat treatments. 14 (18.2 percent) @entity1 required colorectal resections for intractable @entity548 , @entity1321 . CONCLUSION: @entity1161 can be a therapeutic challenge, even in the most experienced hands. The majority of @entity1 who present with per @entity548 can be treated using topical modalities, while surgery may offer the only chance of relief from life-threatening symptoms.

title: XXXX : a decade's experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['rectal bleeding', 'bleeding']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity1161 :: ('MESH:D011832', 'Disease') :: ['Radiation proctitis', 'radiation proctitis']

entities_list: @entity406 :: ('MESH:D005557', 'Chemical') :: ['formalin']

entities_list: @entity1321 :: ('MESH:D007415', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal obstruction or intra-abdominal sepsis']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal (15.6 percent) cancer']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['collateral injury']

answer: @entity1161 :: (MESH:D011832,Disease) :: ['Radiation proctitis']


abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the long-term incidence of @entity16 after tibial nailing and its relation to anterior knee @entity158 . We retrospectively evaluated 71 @entity1 in whom 72 isolated tibial shaft fractures were treated with an intramedullary nail. The mean follow-up time was 84 months. Twenty-seven @entity1 (38%) complained of chronic anterior knee @entity158 . @entity16 was found in 43 @entity1 (60%). Of the 27 @entity1 with knee @entity158 , 21 (78%) had @entity51 in the distribution area of the infrapatellar nerve, compared to 22 of the 45 @entity1 (49%) without knee @entity158 (p=0.025). @entity1 and @entity174 characteristics showed no significant differences between the two groups. At time of follow-up a total of 33 nails were removed of which twelve were taken out because of knee @entity158 . The @entity158 persisted in seven of these twelve @entity1 (58%). The incidence of @entity16 after tibial nailing is high and lasting. Injury to this nerve appears to be associated with anterior knee @entity158 after tibial nailing.

title: Injury to the infrapatellar branch of the saphenous nerve, a possible cause for anterior knee XXXX after tibial nailing?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['infrapatellar nerve damage', 'iatrogenic damage to the infrapatellar nerve', 'Infrapatellar nerve damage']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['sensory deficits']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Transoral incisionless fundoplication (TIF) using the EsophyX    system has been introduced as a possible alternative for the treatment of @entity354 ( @entity354 ). The efficacy of this procedure in our centers was evaluated. METHODS: @entity1 were selected for treatment if they had typical @entity354 symptoms, failed management with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), a positive esophageal pH test with symptom correlation, and no @entity357 larger than 2 cm. RESULTS: Nineteen @entity1 (11 @entity1 , 8 @entity1 ) underwent the TIF procedure between April 2008 and July 2009. Mean age was 48.2 years and body mass index was 24.6. The major complication rate was 3/19, including esophageal perforation, @entity548 requiring transfusion, and permanent @entity1183 . At mean 10.8 months follow-up, 5/19 had completely discontinued PPIs, and 3/19 had decreased their PPI dose. However, 10/19 had been converted to laparoscopic fundoplication for recurrent reflux symptoms and an endoscopically confirmed failed valve. Nine of 17 were dissatisfied with the outcome, and eight were satisfied. Thirteen of 19 (68%) were considered to have been unsuccessful. CONCLUSION: At short-term follow-up, the TIF procedure is associated with an excessive early symptomatic failure rate, and a high surgical re-intervention rate. This procedure should not be performed outside of a clinical trial.

title: Transoral incisionless fundoplication 2.0 procedure using EsophyX    for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1183 :: ('MESH:D006987', 'Disease') :: ['numbness of tongue']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity357 :: ('MESH:D006551', 'Disease') :: ['hiatus hernia']

entities_list: @entity354 :: ('MESH:D005764', 'Disease') :: ['gastroesophageal reflux disease', 'GERD']

answer: @entity354 :: (MESH:D005764,Disease) :: ['gastroesophageal reflux disease']


abstract: The records of 47 @entity1 with no @entity82 who underwent 56 liver resections under total vascular exclusion (TVE) for @entity5 , both primary and secondary, were reviewed to study the effects of TVE. The mean (s.e.m.) @entity190 was 1651(233) (median 1200 (range 200-8500)) ml and the mean(s.e.m.) intraoperative blood transfusion 930(100) (median 700 (range 0-2800)) ml. In 18 liver resections (32 per cent) no blood transfusion was administered. The mean(s.e.m.) postoperative hospital stay was 19.7(14.2) days. The 30-day operative mortality rate was nil but the hospital mortality rate was 4 per cent. Postoperative prothrombin time was influenced by the amount of liver resected and the duration of TVE but not by the amount of blood transfused. Postoperative serum levels of @entity492 aminotransferase and @entity648 were not influenced by either the amount of liver resected or the duration of TVE.

title: Liver resection with total vascular exclusion for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant tumours']

entities_list: @entity648 :: ('MESH:D001663', 'Chemical') :: ['bilirubin']

entities_list: @entity492 :: ('CHEBI:29995', 'Chemical') :: ['aspartate']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['malignant tumours']


abstract: @entity3974 in the prophylaxis of @entity900 -induced @entity391 and @entity390 . The 5-HT3 antagonist @entity3974 clearly offers a new approach to the control of @entity900 -induced @entity391 and has been evaluated in Thailand. To evaluate anti-emetic efficacy of @entity3974 in the prevention of @entity390 and @entity391 induced by @entity900 containing @entity5 chemotherapy regimen, we carried out an open multicentre study from January 1991 to December 1992. In this study, @entity1 receiving @entity900 based chemotherapy received @entity3974 32 mg as a single intravenous dose over 15 minutes prior to the administration of @entity900 . This was followed by oral @entity3974 8 mg three times a day, preferably one hour before each meal for 5 days. All @entity1 were chemotherapy naive in- @entity1 and were at least 18 years or older with Karnofsky performance status of at least 60 per cent. The number of @entity2749 , @entity390 and food intake were recorded during the 24 hours following @entity900 administration. A total of 103 @entity1 were recruited with 84 (81.6%) evaluable @entity1 (48 @entity1 and 36 @entity1 ) scheduled to receive @entity900 chemotherapy at dose 60 mg/m2 or more (60-100 mg/m2), either as single agent or combination therapy. Complete response (complete control of @entity391 ) was achieved in 60 per cent; major response (1-2 @entity2749 ) was 13 per cent; minor response (3-5 @entity2749 ) was 13 per cent; and failure (5+ @entity2749 ) was 10 per cent. Side effects were very mild and not significant. We conclude that @entity3974 is efficacious in protecting @entity1 from @entity900 induced @entity391 and @entity390 .

title: XXXX : prevention of nausea _ vomiting in @entity900 based chemotherapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3974 :: ('MESH:D017294', 'Chemical') :: ['ondansetron', 'Ondansetron']

entities_list: @entity2749 :: ('MESH:C580065', 'Disease') :: ['emetic episodes']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting', 'emesis']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin', 'Cisplatin']

answer: @entity3974 :: (MESH:D017294,Chemical) :: ['Ondansetron']


abstract: Histological material was studied in five unselected cases of intestinal large-cell @entity1893 , occurring in @entity1 either with previously diagnosed @entity66 , or with @entity3202 mucosa at the time of diagnosis. The morphological diagnosis in each case was @entity706 : these @entity5 were composed of large cells with pale nuclei and prominent nucleoli. No phagocytosis was evident, but some cells showed considerable pleomorphism. @entity2967 cells were infrequent. Immunohistochemical staining for lysozyme, @entity6927 -anti-trypsin and @entity8698 failed to demonstrate any of these proteins in the @entity5 cells, although they were identified in accompanying reactive macrophages. There is thus no evidence for a histiocytic nature in these five cases. The @entity5 were immunoglobulin-negative. Again, polyclonal immunoglobulin could be demonstrated in reactive (plasma) cells in and near the @entity5 . The relevance of these immunological markers is discussed. We suggest that these @entity5 , and possibly some of those reported in a similar situation by other investigators, are in fact lymphocytic in origin. They are probably examples of @entity706 , although @entity784 , rare in the gastrointestinal tract, cannot be ruled out by our immunohistological studies.

title: Large-cell @entity706 occurring in XXXX : morphological and immunohistochemical features.

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['coeliac disease']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['centroblastic lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity784 :: ('MESH:D016399', 'Disease') :: ['T-cell lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity2967 :: ('MESH:D005870', 'Disease') :: ['Polykaryotic giant']

entities_list: @entity8698 :: ('12', 'Gene') :: ['alpha-1-anti-chymotrypsin']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ["non-Hodgkin's lymphoma"]

answer: @entity66 :: (MESH:D004194,Disease) :: ['coeliac disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to assess the incidence of late signs and symptoms of acute and @entity1180 after @entity50 and to correlate them with predisposing factors. STUDY DESIGN: A total of 137 individuals (54 male and 83 female; 153 @entity50 procedures) were evaluated retrospectively for signs and symptoms of @entity1180 , 12-80 months after surgery, using a questionnaire and clinical and radiographic examinations. RESULTS: The incidence of @entity4432 after @entity50 was low (<5%). History of preoperative @entity1244 (P = .001) and sinuses with thick mucosa (P < .0001) were statistically significant factors correlated with late signs and symptoms of @entity1244 . There was a slight correlation between chronic @entity1244 and @entity1 (P = .079) or 2-stage procedures (P = .098). There was no statistical correlation to intraoperative complications, such as membrane perforation and excessive @entity548 . CONCLUSIONS: The occurrence of postoperative chronic @entity1244 appears to be limited to @entity1 with history of preoperative @entity1244 and sinuses with thick mucosa, despite control of the disease before @entity50 . Intraoperative surgical complications have negligible effect. @entity1 presenting with preoperative @entity1244 and sinuses with thick mucosa need to be informed of the increased risk. They require a close follow-up and prompt treatment in the event of signs and symptoms of @entity1244 .

title: Late signs and symptoms of @entity1180 after XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1244 :: ('MESH:D012852', 'Disease') :: ['sinusitis']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity4432 :: ('MESH:D065290', 'Disease') :: ['acute and chronic sinusitis']

entities_list: @entity1180 :: ('MESH:D015523', 'Disease') :: ['chronic maxillary sinusitis', 'maxillary sinusitis']

entities_list: @entity50 :: ('MESH:D012851', 'Disease') :: ['sinus augmentation']

answer: @entity50 :: (MESH:D012851,Disease) :: ['sinus augmentation']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to determine the effectiveness of @entity1487 ( @entity1487 ) in the treatment of @entity5436 ( @entity5436 ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was performed in 30 @entity1 with a mean age of 54 years and previous diagnoses from reviewed records and histopathology slides selected from a group of 65 @entity1 with @entity5436 from 1980 to 1998. @entity1 received intravaginal treatment with @entity1487 , 1.5 g once weekly for 10 weeks and all @entity1 were followed up for at least 2-years. Papanicolaou smear and colposcopy were performed, as was biopsy when indicated. RESULTS: Twenty eight (93%) @entity1 with @entity5436 had prior or concurrent @entity5 , including 5 with invasive @entity2622 and 23 with @entity3146 . In 23 of 30 treated @entity1 (77%), @entity5436 went into remission after a single treatment; in 3, (10%), it went into remission after two treatment; 3 (10%) had recurrent @entity5436 3; and in 1 (3%) it progressed to invasive @entity5 . The treatment was well tolerated. CONCLUSIONS: The @entity1487 is an option choice for @entity5436 treatment. It is effective, with minimal slide effects. Its use should be confined to treating extensive or multifocal high-grade @entity5436 .

title: [Topical XXXX for treatment of vaginal intraepithelial neoplasms].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['vaginal cancer', 'anogenital squamous neoplasia']

entities_list: @entity2622 :: ('MESH:D002583', 'Disease') :: ['cervical carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3146 :: ('MESH:D018290', 'Disease') :: ['cervical intraepithelial neoplasia']

entities_list: @entity5436 :: ('MESH:D019048', 'Disease') :: ['vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia', 'VAIN']

answer: @entity1487 :: (MESH:D005472,Chemical) :: ['5-fluorouracil']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine whether a 10-core prostate biopsy scheme is superior to the sextant scheme in diagnosing @entity263 in @entity1 programmed for a first biopsy, with negative rectal digital examination and PSA between 3.5-20 ng/ml. METHODS: A randomized prospective study was performed comparing two prostate biopsy schemes, with randomization stratification according to prostate volume (< or = 50 ml and > 50 ml). Sample size predetermination yielded a minimum of 304 @entity1 in order to achieve the primary objective. Statistical analysis was carried out on an intent-to-treat basis, using the chi-squared test and uni- and multivariate analysis via logistic regression. RESULTS: @entity5 was detected in 27.3% of the cases. A significant association was observed between @entity5 diagnosis and age (p=0.03), prostate volume (p=0.0001) and ultrasound nodule identification (p=0.0001). No correlation was observed with the total number of cores in the series (p=0.37) or with prostate volume < or = 50 ml (p=0.87) or > 50 ml (p=0.09). In the multivariate analysis, age > 70 years (p=0.005), prostate volume < or = 50 ml (p=0.001), and ultrasound nodule identification (p=0.003) were identified as independent variables associated to @entity5 diagnosis. CONCLUSION: No statistically significant differences were found between the two prostate biopsy schemes. In glands over 50 ml in size, the sextant scheme may prove to be insufficient.

title: Effectiveness of two ultrasound-guided transrectal biopsy schemes in the diagnosis of XXXX . A randomized study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cancer', 'cancer']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3361 ( @entity3361 ) has been reported to be an @entity32 , reflected by elevated high-sensitivity @entity1851 (hs-CRP). We investigated the interactions among gender, age, @entity101 and hs-CRP in @entity1 with @entity3361 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively examined 722 Taiwanese @entity1 with or without @entity3361 during an 8-year period. None of the @entity1 had obstructive @entity453 . Serum hs-CRP levels were examined in a subset of 375 @entity1 to evaluate the interactions of hs-CRP with gender, age, smoking and @entity101 in the development of @entity3361 . RESULTS: In @entity1 , only the highest hs-CRP tertile (> 3 mg L     ) was independently associated with @entity3361 . In @entity1 , age > 58 years and the highest hs-CRP tertile were independently associated with @entity3361 . In @entity1 , elevated risk was only demonstrated in @entity1  <= 58 years of age with hs-CRP levels in the highest tertile. In @entity1 , a positively monotonic trend was demonstrated between hs-CRP levels and @entity3361 in those > 58 years of age. The odds ratios of @entity3361 in both @entity1 and @entity1 with hs-CRP in the highest tertile reduced from 6  01 to 1  48 and 6  35-2  69 respectively, if they had @entity101 . CONCLUSION: The relationship between hs-CRP and @entity3361 differed between @entity1 and @entity1 . Our findings that there is a non-threshold model in @entity1 and a threshold model in @entity1 provide evidence that more smokers in @entity1 (life-style) and age (induction time) contribute to the natural history of @entity3361 development. The negative effect of @entity101 on @entity3361 suggests that the pathogenesis of @entity3361 differs from that of @entity453 .

title: Interactions among gender, age, @entity101 and XXXX in @entity3361 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory disease']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity3361 :: ('MESH:D003329', 'Disease') :: ['Coronary vasospasm', 'CVsp']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease', 'coronary atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

answer: @entity1851 :: (1401,Gene) :: ['C-reactive protein']


abstract: Oocytes taken from @entity7136 sacrificed 3-24 hr after injection with either @entity7136 hypophysial homogenate (chh) (primed) or saline (control) were incubated with or without chh for 24 hr at 20 degrees. In oocytes from the primed fish the percentage of peripheral germinal vesicles at sacrifice progressively increased with time from injection. No such change occurred in control fish. After incubation with chh, tissue from primed fish showed a progressive increase in oocyte maturity with increasing time between priming and sacrifice, with @entity3453 ( @entity3453 ) in 50% of the oocytes in incubations begun 24 hr after priming. In contrast, incubated tissue from control fish showed no variation with time between saline injection and sacrifice, and oocyte maturity did not exceed 50% with peripheral germinal vesicles. @entity3453 was not significant in these fish. @entity4418 , @entity251 , and @entity15035 production in vitro showed no major changes with the interval between injection and sacrifice, nor between control and primed fish. In vitro production of @entity15036 (17,20 beta P), however, increased significantly between tissue taken from animals at 3 and at 6 hr after injection of chh, and thereafter remained unchanged. 17,20 beta P production preceded the increase in @entity3453 in primed fish but neither this hormone nor @entity3453 was found in incubations of control fish, supporting the suggestion that 17,20 beta P is the maturation-inducing hormone in @entity7136 . @entity134 production was not detectable in the absence of chh in the incubation medium and oocyte maturation showed little advance on that at sacrifice.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: The temporal sequence of changes in oocyte maturation and ovarian @entity134 hormone production during induced ovulation in the XXXX , @entity7136 .

entities_list: @entity3453 :: ('MESH:D054331', 'Disease') :: ['GVBD', 'germinal vesicle breakdown']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity15035 :: ('MESH:C015529', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone glucuronide']

entities_list: @entity4418 :: ('MESH:D019326', 'Chemical') :: ['17-Hydroxyprogesterone']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['Steroid']

entities_list: @entity15036 :: ('MESH:C007433', 'Chemical') :: ['17,20 beta-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one']

answer: @entity7136 :: (7962,Species) :: ['common carp']


abstract: 1. Chronic selective @entity2161 ( @entity2161 ) blocker treatment enhances the sensitivity of @entity2162 ( @entity2162 ) in @entity1 heart (Hall et al., 1990; 1991). To clarify the mechanism of the cross-sensitization between @entity2161 and @entity2162 , we determined whether the stimulatory G-protein ( @entity2163 ) function is increased in atria from @entity2161 -blocker treated @entity1 compared with non-beta-blocked @entity1 , and investigated whether this change is caused by an alteration of post-translational modification of @entity2163 protein. 2. @entity2163 function was determined by reconstitution of @entity1 atrial @entity2163 into S49 cyc- cell membranes. In the reconstitution system, @entity2164 stimulated @entity1919 generation in a dose-dependent manner. Upon 10(-4) M GTPgammaS stimulation, @entity2163 activity in the @entity2161 -blocker, @entity2165 , treated group (78.2+/-10. 3 pmol @entity1919 mg(-1) min(-1) 10(-3)) was 65% higher than that in non-beta-blocked @entity1 (47.3+/-6.3 pmol @entity1919 mg(-1) min(-1) 10(-3), n=15, P=0.02). 3. Isoelectric point (pI) valu @entity2163 were measured by two dimensional gel electrophoresis (2D-E) and the amount of each isoform quantified by image analysis of a Western blot of the gel using specific antibody. Multiple isoforms of @entity2163 were detected by 2D-E with different pI values. There were no significant differences between the groups of @entity1 in either pI values or the proportions of the acidic isoforms of @entity2163 to the main basic form (n=12, P>0.05). 4. The results suggest that chronic @entity2161 -blockade enhances @entity2163 function in @entity1 atrium, and this may account in part for the @entity56 of @entity2162 and other Gs-coupled receptors during @entity2161 -blockade. The increased @entity2163 function is unlikely to be caused directly by blockade of protein kinase A phosphorylation of @entity2163 protein.

title: Selective XXXX blockade enhances the activity of the stimulatory G-protein in @entity1 atrial myocardium.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2162 :: ('154', 'Gene') :: ['beta2AR', 'beta2-adrenoceptor']

entities_list: @entity2164 :: ('MESH:D016244', 'Chemical') :: ['GTPgammaS']

entities_list: @entity2161 :: ('153', 'Gene') :: ['beta1AR', 'beta1-adrenoceptor']

entities_list: @entity1919 :: ('MESH:D000242', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclic AMP']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['hypersensitivity']

entities_list: @entity2165 :: ('MESH:D001262', 'Chemical') :: ['atenolol']

answer: @entity2161 :: (153,Gene) :: ['beta1-adrenoceptor']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) delivers a high biologically effective dose while minimizing @entity137 to surrounding tissues. Within the scope of clinical trials and local practice, there are inconsistencies in dosimetrics used to evaluate plan quality. The purpose of this critical review was to determine if dosimetric parameters used in SBRT plans have an effect on local control (LC), @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ), and @entity137 . A database of relevant trials investigating SBRT for @entity1 with early-stage @entity1149 was compiled, and a table of dosimetric variables used was created. These parameters were compared and contrasted for LC, @entity1349 , and @entity137 . Dosimetric end points appear to have no effect on @entity1349 or LC. Incidences of @entity174 correlate with a lack of dose-volume constraints (DVCs) reported. This review highlights the great disparity present in clinical trials reporting dosimetrics, DVCs, and @entity137 for lung SBRT. Further evidence is required before standard DVCs guidelines can be introduced. Dosimetric end points specific to stereotactic treatment planning have been proposed but require further investigation before clinical implementation.

title: Effect of stereotactic dosimetric end points on XXXX for Stage I @entity1149 : A critical review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['rib fractures']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity1349 :: (MESH:D011475,Disease) :: ['overall survival']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine the recommended phase II dose of postoperative accelerated intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for @entity263 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: Step and shoot IMRT with @entity15929 ( @entity15929 ) was delivered in 25 fractions over 5 weeks to @entity1 with high risk resected @entity263 (stage pT3-4 and/or positive surgical margins). Pelvic nodes received 45 Gy at 1.8 Gy/fraction; dose escalation was performed only to the prostate bed (planned dose escalation: 56.8 Gy at 2.27 Gy/fraction, 59.7 Gy at 2.39 Gy/fraction, 61.25 Gy at 2.45 Gy/fraction, 62.5 Gy at 2.5 Gy/fraction). Dose-limiting @entity137 (DLT) was any grade >=  3 acute @entity137 (RTOG score). RESULTS: Twenty-five @entity1 were treated: 7 @entity1 at the 56.75 Gy dose level, 6 @entity1 at each subsequent dose level. Pathologic stages were: pT2c: 2; pT3a: 11; pT3b: 12; pN0: 22; @entity3121 : 3; R0: 7; R1: 18. Median follow-up time was 19 months (range: 6-36 months). No @entity1 experienced DLT. Grade 1-2 acute @entity137 was common (17 and 22 @entity1 , respectively). CONCLUSIONS: The recommended dose was 62.5 Gy in 2.5 Gy/fraction. Postoperative hypofractionated @entity263 seemed to be well tolerated and could be tested in phase II studies.

title: Postoperative intensity-modulated radiotherapy with @entity15929 in XXXX : a dose-escalation trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'rectal and urologic toxicity']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate adenocarcinoma', 'prostate cancer', 'IMRT SIB for prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity15929 :: ('MESH:C565771', 'Disease') :: ['SIB', 'simultaneous integrated boost']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: It has been suggested that cytokines are involved in the pathogenesis of @entity978 . Enhanced expression of various cytokines has been demonstrated in cell lines and biopsy specimens from @entity1 with @entity978 ( @entity978 ). @entity1 AND METHODS: In this investigation 14 cytokines were analysed by ELISA in sera of a large panel of @entity1 with @entity978 and compared with clinical and serological parameters. RESULTS: Increased levels of soluble @entity1199 receptors (sIL-2R), @entity650 , @entity6977 , @entity687 and @entity1261 , were found in many @entity1 with @entity978 as opposed to healthy individuals. In contrast, @entity1192 , @entity1356 , @entity1199 , @entity2772 , @entity3646 , @entity310 , @entity4909 and @entity2841 were rarely detectable. Serum concentrations of sIL-2R, @entity650 and @entity6977 were significantly correlated with advanced stage of @entity978 and, together with @entity1261 levels, with the presence of B-symptoms. In addition, elevated cytokines correlated with several laboratory parameters. In the majority of patients the serum levels of cytokines decreased after therapy. However, elevated cytokine levels persisted in some @entity1 in complete remission. @entity1 with normal @entity650 levels had better event-free survivals than @entity1 with elevated @entity650 levels but this difference has not reached significance. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that enhanced levels of sIL-2R, @entity650 , @entity6977 , @entity687 and @entity1261 , are correlated with disease activity and clinical symptoms in @entity978 .

title: Serum cytokine levels correlate with clinical parameters in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity978 :: ('MESH:D006689', 'Disease') :: ['HD', "Hodgkin's disease"]

answer: @entity978 :: (MESH:D006689,Disease) :: ['Hodgkin's disease']


abstract: Primary and secondary @entity2783 are not uncommon in aging but the diagnosis is rarely made on account of the risk of @entity548 in the site of biopsies and the difficulty to distinguish senile from @entity1582 on the biopsy samples. We have studied the frequency of @entity527 in the @entity1661 ( @entity1661 ), the labial salivary gland (LSG), the temporal arteries (four cases), bone marrow (two cases), digestive tract (four cases) in 100 elderly @entity1 (aged 80 or greater). @entity1661 was positive in 15 percent of the @entity1 and LSG in 5%; both samples were positive in 4%. Four cases of @entity1582 were found (two of the @entity1582 and two of the AA type). Sensitivity of @entity1661 was 75%, specificity was 87% and the positive predictive value was 20%. The values were respectively 100%, 99%, 100% for LSG. In 11 @entity1 whose @entity1661 biopsies samples were singly positive, @entity527 were found in temporal arteries in four of four cases. We conclude that @entity1661 is too sensitive for the diagnosis of @entity1582 in aging. The responsibility of @entity527 on @entity1661 should require further investigations. LSG biopsies seem to be a more reliable test for the diagnosis of primary and secondary @entity2783 in elderly.

title: [ @entity1582 in the elderly: diagnostic value of the test of subcutaneous abdominal fat and the labial salivary glands. Prospective study in 100 aged XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity527 :: ('MESH:D058225', 'Disease') :: ['senile amyloid deposition', 'amyloid deposits', 'amyloid deposition']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity2783 :: ('MESH:D000686', 'Disease') :: ['amyloidosis']

entities_list: @entity1661 :: ('MESH:D000008', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal fat aspirate', 'AFA']

entities_list: @entity1582 :: ('MESH:D009101', 'Disease') :: ['systemic amyloidosis', 'AL']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to measure baseline serum @entity701 levels and clinical response to glucocorticoid therapy in a group of term @entity1 with refractory @entity551 . STUDY DESIGN: Seven term newborns with refractory @entity551 were included. Serum @entity701 levels were drawn before initiation of glucocorticoid therapy and measured by either fluorescence polarization immunoassay or radioimmunoassay. Baseline blood pressures, heart rate, and inotropes doses were recorded at baseline, then 4, 8, 12, 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours after glucocorticoid therapy. Urine output and volume expanders the @entity1 received were recorded 24 hours before and after glucocorticoid therapy. @entity619 was used at a starting dose of 0.2 mg/kg per day divided every 12 hours. The statistical analysis was done using analysis of variance with repeated measures and paired t-test. RESULTS: Serum @entity701 levels of the @entity1 ranged from 2.0 to 15.4 micrograms/dl. After initiation of glucocorticoid therapy, there was significant improvement of blood pressure. Vasopressors were rapidly weaned and discontinued within 72 hours. In three of seven @entity1 , no volume expanders were required after initiation of @entity230 , and none needed volume expanders after 2 days. Urine output increased significantly within 24 hours. All @entity1 survived. CONCLUSIONS: Glucocorticoids improved pressure and stabilized clinical conditions of a group of term newborns with refractory @entity551 . Serum @entity701 levels of these @entity1 were relatively low. We speculate that a subset of critically ill term @entity1 has relative @entity1887 and glucocorticoid therapy may be essential.

title: Low serum @entity701 in term newborns with refractory XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1887 :: ('MESH:D000309', 'Disease') :: ['adrenal insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['Dexamethasone']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

answer: @entity551 :: (MESH:D007022,Disease) :: ['hypotension']


abstract: In a recent prevalidation study, the use of a @entity7522 colony-forming unit-granulocyte/macrophage (CFU-GM) macroassay for two independent in vitro tests ( @entity1 and @entity19 cell based) was suggested for quantifying the potential haematotoxicity of xenobiotics. In this paper, we describe the transfer of the macroassay to a 96-well plate microassay, in which the linearity of the response was studied (both in terms of CFU-GM and optical density [OD] versus the number of cells cultured), and the inhibitory concentration (IC) values for @entity632 , @entity1487 and @entity1311 were determined and compared with those obtained by using the original macroassay. Fresh @entity19 bone marrow and @entity1 umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells were used as a source of myeloid progenitors. The cells were cultured in @entity7522 containing @entity2841 , and in the presence of increasing drug concentrations. The cloning capacity of the progenitors was measured both as the number of colonies counted manually (CFU-GM), and as OD evaluated with an automated plate reader in an @entity98 test. Our results show that, in the microassay, up to 20 colonies/well could be easily counted, and that this range (20 to zero) gave a regression line from which IC values were calculated, which were very close to those obtained by using the macroassay (where the range of colony numbers was from 100 to zero). The test did not give good results when the OD (instead of the colony count) was used as the endpoint, because, although a high coefficient of determination was obtained, the OD values ranged from 0.6 to zero and the IC values determined were not comparable to those obtained by manual counts. The use of the microassay dramatically reduces the quantity of @entity7522 needed, and permits hundreds of cultures to be processed in the same experiment, contributing to significant reductions in both the work involved and the cost. A further important benefit is a reduction of the amount of drug needed for testing, which is crucial for screening new molecules, when many different toxicological tests have to be carried out. The microassay is therefore a useful and reproducible tool for screening compounds (chemicals, drugs and xenobiotics) for potential haematotoxicity directly on @entity1 myeloid progenitors, and could contribute significantly to reducing the use of animals in @entity137 testing.

title: A @entity7522 microculture assay for the in vitro assessment of drug XXXX on granulocyte/macrophage progenitors (CFU-GM).

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity2841 :: ('1437', 'Gene') :: ['granulocyte/macrophage-colony-stimulating factor']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity7522 :: ('MESH:D008747', 'Chemical') :: ['methylcellulose']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['5-fluorouracil']

answer: @entity137 :: (MESH:D064420,Disease) :: ['toxicity']


abstract: Radioimmunoscintigraphy (RIS) using 131I-labelled B72.3, a monoclonal antibody (MoAb) reacting against a @entity5 associated antigen ( @entity2796 ) called @entity2797 , has been performed in 36 @entity1 with @entity43 . The @entity1 were divided in three groups as follows: 17 @entity1 with primary @entity5 before any therapy (Group 1); 10 @entity1 studied after a partial therapeutic approach, having either bulky or minimal disease (Group 2); 9 @entity1 with @entity66 or in clinical remission at the moment of the study (Group 3). All the most important epithelial histotypes, including mucinous, were present. Results were confirmed at surgery and/or by other diagnostic procedures. Immunocytochemical (ICC) and immunocytofluorimetric (ICF) studies on ascitic collections were performed in order to demonstrate specificity of B72.3 and @entity2797 distribution on neoplastic cells. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) on tissue sections was also obtained. No cross reactions between @entity19 and mesothelial cells in the presence of specific uptake by neoplastic cells was found. Moreover, a non-homogeneous distribution of @entity2797 in the neoplastic population was demonstrated by ICF. RIS proved the intraperitoneal presence of disease in 15 out of 17 and in 5 out of 10 @entity1 in Groups 1 and 2, respectively. One out of four (Group 1) and two out of four (Group 2) extraperitoneal metastases were also seen. False negative results were explained by lack of expression of the antigen, size and location of the lesion, and patho-physiological conditions. One false positive due to an aspecific uptake by a post-surgical active scar was also observed in a disease-free @entity1 .

title: Diagnosis of XXXX with radiolabelled monoclonal antibodies: our experience using 131I-B72.3.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['epithelial ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['microscopic disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['ovarian cancer']


abstract: The authors of this study reviewed the management of 402 @entity1 with @entity957 of the faucial tonsil and the base of the tongue. These @entity1 received radiation therapy at Massachusetts General Hospital and the Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary from 1970 through 1993. Radiation therapy remains the treatment of choice for these lesions. Although the data from this review were not randomized, the accelerated hyperfractionated radiation therapy twice-daily program was shown to achieve significantly higher 5-year local @entity5 control rates and disease-specific survival rates than the conventional once-daily radiation therapy program (historical control). In @entity1 with @entity5 of the faucial tonsil ( @entity5 stages T1 and T2), the 5-year actuarial local @entity5 control and disease-specific survival rates following the twice-daily radiation therapy program were 91% and 77%, respectively. In @entity1 with advanced @entity5 (T3), the corresponding rates following twice-daily radiation therapy showed marked improvement and were 80% and 68%. While the treatment results for @entity5772 generally were inferior to those for @entity189 of the faucial tonsil, they were still much better after the twice-daily program than after conventional once-daily irradiation. For @entity1 with @entity5 control and disease-specific survival rates for T1 and T2 lesions were 85% and 76%, respectively. For T3 lesions, the corresponding rates were 54% and 53%. Extensive T4 @entity5 are better managed by combined surgery and postoperative irradiation. Residual metastatic nodal disease is managed by neck dissection.

title: Local control of XXXX by irradiation alone.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'early tumors', 'carcinoma of the base of the tongue, the local tumor', 'cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5772 :: ('MESH:D014062', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma of the base of the tongue']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['oropharyngeal carcinoma']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Issues in @entity4037 repair are represented by the need for mesh fixation and how to assure a sufficient mesh overlap of the defect. Aiming to resolve these problems, this study describes a modified technique for ventral and incisional @entity547 repair based upon a newly developed mesh with a special design. This new type of implant allows broader coverage of the abdominal wall and results in tension- and fixation-free repair. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A unique geometrically shaped mesh consisting of a large central body and radiating arms was used to repair ventral or incisional @entity547 . The mesh was intended not to be point-fixated. The friction of the straps passing through the tissues was hypothesized to be adequate to maintain the mesh firmly fastened in the abdominal wall, ensuring a wide coverage far from the @entity8668 . The newly designed mesh was placed in the preperitoneal sublay in 22 @entity1 with ventral or incisional @entity547 . All straps were passed laterally through the transverse and oblique muscles. In all @entity1 , a defect overlap of at least 8-12  cm was achieved. RESULTS: In a midterm follow-up of 18-24  (mean 22)  months, three @entity2080 and one @entity281 occurred, which were successfully managed without mesh removal. No @entity1410 , @entity1118 , or recurrence has been reported to date. CONCLUSIONS: The described arm system of the implant allowed for a much smaller incision and eliminated the complicated maneuvers associated with suturing the mesh. The fixation arms seemed to have ensured the mesh stayed orientated in all @entity1 . A very wide lateral mesh placement was accomplished, assuring sufficient defect overlap when shrinkage occurs.

title: New mesh shape and improved implantation procedure to simplify and standardize open XXXX repair: a preliminary report.

entities_list: @entity8668 :: ('MESH:D001882', 'Disease') :: ['hernia border']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain']

entities_list: @entity4037 :: ('MESH:D006555', 'Disease') :: ['ventral hernia']

answer: @entity4037 :: (MESH:D006555,Disease) :: ['ventral hernia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity7271 ( @entity7271 ) at the early, usually oral and relatively stable stage, represents the majority of @entity7271 @entity1 . Treatment modalities usually do not differ compared to those for the fully established disease. OBJECTIVES: To prospectively assess a standardized and effective therapeutic approach that aims at less morbidity due to adverse reactions. METHODS: The following regimen, also known as Lever's mini treatment (LMT), was used. Forty mg of oral @entity229 on alternate days plus 100 mg @entity500 every day were administered until the complete healing of all lesions. A gradual monthly and later bimonthly decrease of @entity229 was followed by the tapering of a second immunosuppressive agent, in a one-year period. RESULTS: Seventy-four @entity1 suffering from early-stage- @entity7271 , and representing 70% of all @entity7271 @entity1 seen through the years 1991-2003, were eligible in the study. Total follow-up period was 76 +/- 37 (26-180) months. During the 53 +/- 26 months of LMT, 6 (8%) @entity1 dropped out of therapy, 9 (12%) required a change to another treatment, two (3%) died and 57 (77%) achieved a @entity74 . Forty-five (61%) @entity1 were in complete remission for 27 +/- 29 months. Significant morbidity was estimated 4/74 (5.2%). Disease 'breakthroughs' necessitating treatment adjustments occurred in 30 @entity1 , usually throughout the last phase of therapy and post-treatment follow-up. CONCLUSION: LMT may be a standardized therapeutic approach for the early and relatively stable stage of @entity7271 , resulting in high efficacy, safety and quality of life profile.

title: An alternate-day corticosteroid regimen for XXXX . A 13-year prospective study.

entities_list: @entity500 :: ('MESH:D001379', 'Chemical') :: ['azathioprine']

entities_list: @entity7271 :: ('MESH:D010392', 'Disease') :: ['PV', 'Pemphigus vulgaris']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['lesion-free condition']

answer: @entity7271 :: (MESH:D010392,Disease) :: ['pemphigus vulgaris']


abstract: BACKGROUND: There has been much controversy in the medical literature regarding the benefit of treating elevated @entity165 levels in asymptomatic elderly @entity1 (65 years of age and older) to prevent @entity301 ( @entity301 ). Little has been published about the attitudes and beliefs of elderly @entity1 regarding the importance of @entity165 levels to their health. This study seeks to describe the importance that elderly @entity1 place on @entity165 in regard to @entity299 , how worried they are about it, and what behavior changes they are making to control their own @entity165 levels. METHODS: We used a cross-sectional questionnaire to study elderly primary care @entity1 in a rural setting with no personal history of @entity301 . RESULTS: Six hundred eighty @entity1 questionnaires were analyzed. Ninety-six percent of respondents believed high @entity165 to be at least moderately important for @entity299 ; 67% believed it to be very important. Fifty-nine percent were at least slightly worried about their own @entity165 level. Seventy-four percent said they had had their @entity165 checked within the past 2 years, and 66% had discussed their @entity165 level with their physician within the past 2 years. Sixty-six percent were trying to keep their @entity165 level down by dieting (42%), exercising (39%), or taking prescription medicine (15%). CONCLUSIONS: Elderly @entity1 who responded to this questionnaire are aware that @entity1007 is a risk factor for @entity301 , and many eat a low-fat diet, exercise, or take prescription medication to lower their @entity165 . Physicians should be aware that many elderly @entity1 without an established diagnosis of @entity301 are concerned about their @entity165 level. Physicians should be prepared to discuss with their elderly @entity1 the potential advantages and disadvantages of the treatment of asymptomatic @entity1007 .

title: How concerned are elderly @entity1 without @entity301 about @entity1007 and XXXX ? An UPRNet study. Upper Peninsula Research Network.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'people', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity1007 :: ('MESH:D006937', 'Disease') :: ['hypercholesterolemia']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['CHD', 'coronary heart disease']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart disease']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity299 :: (MESH:D006331,Disease) :: ['heart disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Upper gastrointestinal (UGI) @entity548 is a frequent cause of hospital admission. Scoring systems have been devised to identify those at risk of adverse outcomes. We evaluated the @entity18880 ( @entity18880 ) ability to identify the need for clinical and endoscopic intervention in @entity1 with UGI @entity548 . METHODS: A retrospective observational study was performed in all @entity1 who attended the A_E department with UGI @entity548 during a 12-month period. @entity1 were separated into low and high risk categories. High risk encompassed @entity1 who required blood transfusions, operative or endoscopic interventions, management on high dependency or intensive care units, and those who re-bled, represented with further @entity548 , or who died. RESULTS: A total of 174 @entity1 were seen with @entity360 . Eight of them self-discharged and were excluded. Of the remaining 166, 94 had a 'low risk' bleed, and 72 'high risk'. The @entity18880 was significantly higher in the high risk (median = 10) than in the low risk group (median 1, p < 0.001). To assess the validity of the @entity18880 at separating low and high risk groups, receiver-operator characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted. The @entity18880 had an area under ROC curve of 0.96 (95% CI 0.95-1.00). When a cut-off value of > or = 3 was used, sensitivity and specificity of @entity18880 for identifying high risk bleeds was 100% and 68%. Thus at a cut-off value of < or = 2 the @entity18880 is useful for distinguishing those @entity1 with a low risk @entity360 . CONCLUSIONS: The @entity18880 accurately identifies low risk @entity1 who could be managed safely as outpatients.

title: The Glasgow Blatchford scoring system enables accurate risk stratification of XXXX with @entity360 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity18880 :: ('MESH:C536506', 'Disease') :: ['GBS', "Glasgow Blatchford score's"]

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['UGI bleeding', 'UGI bleed']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding', 'haemorrhage']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: @entity154 of the gastrointestinal tract are a significant cause of morbidity in @entity1 and, less frequently, in adults. These abnormalities include @entity245 of the small intestine, anomalies of the @entity717 and fixation, @entity10645 , and intestinal duplications. Neonates with complete high @entity1321 do not usually require further radiologic evaluation following radiography, whereas those with complete low obstruction should undergo a contrast material enema examination. An upper gastrointestinal series must be performed in all @entity1 with incomplete @entity1321 because management is different in each case. In low @entity1321 , ultrasonography (US) may help differentiate between @entity1744 and @entity694 . In addition, US can help correctly identify meconium ileus and meconium @entity298 and is useful in the diagnosis of enteric duplication cysts. In @entity1518 and @entity10645 , computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging can provide superb anatomic detail and added diagnostic specificity. Intestinal duplications manifest as an abdominal mass at radiography, contrast enema examination, or US. At CT, most duplications manifest as smoothly rounded, fluid-filled cysts or tubular structures with thin, slightly enhancing walls. At MR imaging, the intracystic fluid has heterogeneous signal intensity on T1-weighted images and homogeneous high signal intensity on T2-weighted images. Familiarity with these @entity344 is essential for correct diagnosis and appropriate management.

title: XXXX of the small intestine, colon, and rectum.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['Congenital anomalies']

entities_list: @entity10645 :: ('MESH:C567938', 'Disease') :: ['anorectal anomalies']

entities_list: @entity245 :: ('MESH:D002658', 'Disease') :: ['developmental obstructive defects']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity1518 :: ('MESH:C562835', 'Disease') :: ['malrotation']

entities_list: @entity1321 :: ('MESH:D007415', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal obstruction']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['colon, anomalies of rotation']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colonic obstruction']

entities_list: @entity1744 :: ('MESH:D043183', 'Disease') :: ['small bowel obstruction']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['peritonitis']

answer: @entity154 :: (MESH:D000013,Disease) :: ['Congenital anomalies']


abstract: Six @entity1 with hormone @entity263 were orally administered 560 mg of @entity12749 daily in 2 equally divided doses for four or five days. In addition 70 mg/m2 of @entity1205 was infused through intravenous drip from day 1, decreasing to 40-60 mg/m2 if any side effects such as @entity236 were observed. One cycle was three weeks in hospital and one month after discharge. @entity1 were treated until progression or the development of treatment-limiting @entity137 . In five of the six @entity1 (83.3%), serum @entity1486 ( @entity1486 ) was decreased by more than 50%. Currently, this therapy is ongoing in four outpatients. A side effect of @entity1210 (grade 2 or 3) was observed in all @entity1 . @entity1261 ( @entity1261 ) formulation was given as treatment. One case was withdrawn due to @entity1277 after one cycle. This therapy is considered to be effective against hormone @entity263 . However, further examination is needed about dosage and dosing regimen of @entity12749 and @entity1205 .

title: [Combination therapy with @entity12749 and @entity1205 for hormone XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity12749 :: ('MESH:D004961', 'Chemical') :: ['Estramustine']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['refractory prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity1261 :: ('1440', 'Gene') :: ['G-CSF', 'Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor']

entities_list: @entity1277 :: ('MESH:D001068', 'Disease') :: ['loss of appetite']

entities_list: @entity236 :: ('MESH:D001855', 'Disease') :: ['bone marrow depression']

entities_list: @entity1205 :: ('MESH:C067311', 'Chemical') :: ['Docetaxel']

entities_list: @entity1486 :: ('354', 'Gene') :: ['PSA', 'prostate specific antigen']

entities_list: @entity1210 :: ('MESH:C536227', 'Disease') :: ['leucopenia']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['refractory prostate cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 ' cognitive processing of @entity158 -related information as well as their cognitive, affective and behavioral response pattern when experiencing @entity158 in daily life has been shown to be associated with poorer prognosis in @entity1643 . However, the relationship between specific cognitive processes such as recall of @entity158 and individual @entity158 responses remains unknown. PURPOSE: The present study sought to investigate recall bias in @entity1 with @entity1643 ( @entity1643 ) compared to healthy controls. Furthermore, it was aimed to investigate the impact of @entity1 ' individual @entity158 -related responses on recall bias, comparing fear-avoidance response (FAR), endurance response (ER) and adaptive response (AR) patterns. METHOD: Thirty-one @entity1643 @entity1 and 31 controls were tested on a free recall task with three word lists comprising @entity158 words and neutral words. Further, the @entity1643 group was classified into @entity1 with a FAR, ER and AR pattern, using a short screening including the Avoidance-Endurance Questionnaire (AEQ). Group differences with @entity158 status ( @entity1643 vs. healthy) and AEQ responses (FAR, ER, AR) as between-group factors, word type ( @entity158 vs. neutral) as within-group factor and free recall as dependent variable were analysed by means of repeated-measures analysis of (co-) variance. RESULTS: Results revealed different @entity158 processing of @entity158 words between FAR and ER patterns, whereas @entity1643 @entity1 as a whole did not differ from the healthy controls. FAR @entity1 displayed significantly less recall than ER @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Recall biases in @entity1643 @entity1 are not only a result of experiencing @entity158 but also effected by @entity1 ' @entity158 response pattern with respect to fear-avoidance versus endurance.

title: Recall Bias in XXXX with @entity1643 : Individual Pain Response Patterns Are More Important Than Pain Itself!

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1643 :: ('MESH:D017116', 'Disease') :: ['chronic low back pain', 'low back pain', 'CLBP']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain-related material', 'pain']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: @entity64 is a clinical syndrome characterized by the sudden occurrence of a permanent focal @entity51 . The most common causes of @entity204 are transtentorial herniation, @entity55 , @entity1151 and @entity299 . According to literature data, @entity1151 ( @entity1151 ) is responsible for 5% of deaths after @entity64 . AIM: The aim of this article is to determine the incidence of @entity1 who had @entity455 in the form of @entity1151 and @entity1150 ( @entity1150 ) after @entity64 and indicate the need for creating and promoting the algorithm for these complications in @entity1 after @entity64 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 86 @entity1 hospitalized at the Clinic of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation in the period from October 2008 to October 2009 who have had rehabilitation as a continuation of the treatment immediately after the @entity64 . RESULTS: Hemorrhagic type was present in 13% of @entity1 , and @entity63 in 87%. As a secondary complication after @entity64 , five @entity1 had @entity1151 . @entity51 in these @entity1 was in the form of @entity1158 and were with @entity63 type. Time from @entity64 until the appearance of symptoms of @entity1151 was in average 25.4 days. Suggested thrombi prophylaxis therapy (which they received before rehabilitation) in @entity1 who have developed @entity1151 was Aspirin Protect, while no @entity1 had recommended low molecular heparin. Physical therapy was performed for all @entity1 , and mechanical methods of prophylaxis were used. CONCLUSION: Different attitudes about prophylaxis effects for these @entity1 should be regulated by a unique algorithm that would reduce the possibility of discrepancy in therapeutic sense. That is why for @entity1 with @entity64 and limited mobility it is recommended to use heparin or low molecular heparin (LMH) in preventive doses, if there are no contraindications for anticoagulants, with physical therapy and mechanical methods of prophylaxis.

title: Incidence of @entity455 after XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1158 :: ('MESH:D006429', 'Disease') :: ['hemiplegia']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'Stroke', 'acute stroke']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['secondary vascular complications']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['PE', 'pulmonary embolism']

entities_list: @entity1150 :: ('MESH:D020246', 'Disease') :: ['deep venous thrombosis', 'DVT']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['Neurological deficit', 'neurological deficit']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart disease']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['stroke']


abstract: HISTORY AND CLINICAL FINDINGS: A 42-year-old @entity1 was found by her husband with unconsciousness and @entity410 at night three weeks after delivery of her fifth @entity1 . At a blood @entity413 level of 25 mg/dl, she received an intravenous infusion of @entity413 by the called emergency physician, leading to a rapid improvement of her symptoms. INVESTIGATION AND DIAGNOSIS: The following examination showed a low basal blood @entity413 level as well as pathological levels of insulin and @entity2690 . These findings together with the Whipple trias (hypoglycaemia, @entity16 and rapid improvement after infusion of @entity413 ) were highly suspicious of an @entity9608 . Whereas CT, MRI and DOTATOC-PET were negative, endoscopic ultrasound showed a mass of 13 mm in the tail of the pancreas. TREATMENT AND COURSE: The @entity5 was resected from the tail of the pancreas by laparoscopic enucleation. Histological examination revealed an endocrine @entity5 ( @entity9608 ) of the pancreas. Postoperative blood @entity413 levels were within the normal range. The @entity1 and her healthy newborn @entity1 could be dismissed from hospital on the third day after surgery. CONCLUSION: Despite its rarity, an @entity9608 represents an important differential diagnosis of hypoglycaemia during and right after pregnancy.

title: [ XXXX associated with pregnancy].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient', 'child']

entities_list: @entity9608 :: ('MESH:D007340', 'Disease') :: ['insulinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological symptoms']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity9608 :: (MESH:D007340,Disease) :: ['Insulinoma']


abstract: AIM: This paper reports a study to gain understanding of the help-seeking process of older husbands caring for wives with @entity303 . BACKGROUND: @entity1 comprise 41% of spousal caregivers. However, few reports describe older husbands' caregiving experiences and none specifically explore help-seeking in @entity1 caring for wives with @entity303 . METHOD: A grounded theory design was used to discover a theory of help-seeking by older caregiver husbands. Audiotaped interviews were conducted during 2004 and 2005 with nine husband @entity1 . The interviews were analysed by a research group to discover the core category and the relationships of related categories to develop a theory of help-seeking that was grounded in the data. Margaret Newman's theory of Health as Expanding Conscious provided a theoretical perspective for interpretation of the findings. FINDINGS: The core category, 'Doing the best I can', was preceded by the antecedent of 'changing patterns'. Husbands made choices to use action/interaction strategies of 'Relinquishing', 'Reaching out' and 'Shouldering' which were influenced by a variety of internal, relational, situational, and experiential facilitating or hindering intervening conditions. The consequence of help-seeking process was 'Continuing on', which had categories of: 'Keeping at home', 'Staying together', and 'Taking care of myself'. CONCLUSION: Help-seeking by older husband caregivers is complex and gender-specific. Interventions to assist these caregivers must also be gender-specific and complement already existing help-seeking patterns. Focusing on helping caregivers to discover their patterns of relating and help-seeking empowers them to find new ways of interacting and to discover possibilities for action.

title: Help-seeking by older husbands caring for wives with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Men', 'men']

answer: @entity303 :: (MESH:D003704,Disease) :: ['dementia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Myenteric neurons, which control gut motility and absorption, are heterogeneous in structure, electrophysiology, and neuropeptide content. We hypothesized that myenteric neurons would display heterogeneous responses to neuroligands found in enteric tissue. We examined increases in intracellular @entity460 ([ @entity141 ]i), an important second messenger, evoked by selected neuroligands in cultured myenteric neurons. METHODS: Primary cultures of @entity840 myenteric neurons were characterized by using a standard immunocytochemical stain for microtubule-associated protein ( @entity20567 ). Increases in [ @entity141 ]i were measured by digital imaging microscopy. Results expressed as mean +/- SEM, Student's t test. RESULTS: Cultured myenteric neurons examined with phase contrast and Nomarsky optics extend processes and stain positively with the neuron-selective stain @entity20567 . @entity112 did not evoke @entity460 mobilization in cultured neurons, although progressive increases in [ @entity141 ]i were seen with @entity1812 , @entity2227 , @entity750 , @entity8586 , @entity6138 , @entity855 ( @entity855 ), substance P, and @entity934 . Enteric neurons differed from one another in the ability to respond to one, two, or three of the agonist combinations tested. Time in culture did not alter the percentage of neurons responding to @entity855 , substance P, or @entity934 . @entity855 evoked equivalent [ @entity141 ]i increases in neurons examined at the three time points, whereas significant decrements in neuronal @entity460 mobilization were seen after 8 days in culture with substance P or @entity934 (p < 0.05 versus 1 day in vitro). CONCLUSIONS: Cultured myenteric neurons extend processes and retain expression of neuron-specific antigens. Selected neuroligands found in enteric tissue increase [ @entity141 ]i, as a second messenger in subsets of myenteric neurons. Heterogeneity exists among cultured neurons in their ability to respond to ligand combinations. Changes in [ @entity141 ]i induced by neuroligands in myenteric neurons may be altered with time in vitro.

title: Neuroligands evoke XXXX signaling in cultured myenteric neurons.

entities_list: @entity2227 :: ('CHEBI:29987', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamate']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

entities_list: @entity8586 :: ('MESH:D002766', 'Chemical') :: ['cholecystokinin']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity112 :: ('MESH:D006632', 'Chemical') :: ['Histamine']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['serotonin']

entities_list: @entity1812 :: ('MESH:D001920', 'Chemical') :: ['bradykinin']

entities_list: @entity855 :: ('MESH:D000255', 'Chemical') :: ['adenosine triphosphate', 'ATP']

entities_list: @entity6138 :: ('MESH:D001839', 'Chemical') :: ['bombesin']

answer: @entity460 :: (MESH:D002118,Chemical) :: ['calcium']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: This study aimed to compare the diagnostic accuracy of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) with that of conventional endoscopy for staging depth of invasion (T staging) in @entity356 . @entity1 AND METHODS: A total of 955 @entity1 with suspected @entity356 were prospectively registered. EUS staging was carried out prospectively by a single endoscopist using either miniprobe or radial EUS depending on the endoscopic appearance of the @entity5 . Conventional endoscopy staging was performed retrospectively by consensus between two endoscopists who were blinded to the EUS staging. Conventional endoscopy staging was conducted on the basis of endoscopic features such as surface nodularity and fold convergence. @entity1 underwent either surgical (n = 586) or endoscopic resection (n = 369) with curative intent. The staging accuracy of each test was compared with the pathological staging of the resected specimen. RESULTS: The presence of a T1m @entity5 was histologically confirmed in 644 cases (67.4 %) and that of a T1sm @entity5 in 311 cases (32.6 %). The overall accuracy of EUS staging was 67.4 % (644 / 955) and that of conventional endoscopy staging was 73.7 % (704 / 955) ( P < 0.001). The accuracy of miniprobe EUS was significantly higher than that of radial EUS (79.5 % vs. 59.6 %, P < 0.001), but did not differ significantly from that of conventional endoscopy (79.0 %). CONCLUSIONS: EUS does not substantially impact on pretreatment T staging of @entity1 with @entity356 compared with conventional endoscopy. Therefore, EUS may not be necessary routinely, and conventional endoscopy may be sufficient for determining the optimal therapeutic strategy, especially in relation to endoscopic resection for @entity356 .

title: Comparison of endoscopic ultrasonography and conventional endoscopy for prediction of depth of XXXX invasion in @entity356 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['early gastric cancer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumor']


abstract: @entity4288 is common among the elderly population, but intestinal angina is distinctly a rare entity. Extensive and efficient mesenteric collateral pathways make development of @entity951 at least two major vessels exhibit hemodynamically important stenoses. Herein we describe the surgical management of 17 @entity1 with chronic @entity63 . The @entity1 most commonly had postprandial @entity158 and lost significant weight; angiography, including lateral aortography, confirmed the diagnosis. An average of 2.5 vessels in these 17 @entity1 were @entity1294 involved. These 17 @entity1 underwent 20 major splanchnic artery reconstructions altogether (average, 1.2 vessels per @entity1 ) for relief of symptomatic @entity63 . Arterial reconstructions (16 bypass procedures and 4 endarterectomies) were undertaken with either autogenous saphenous vein (10 vessels) or Dacron prosthetics (6 vessels). Revascularizations involved the superior mesenteric artery (six @entity1 ), hepatic artery (three @entity1 ), @entity432 (seven @entity1 ), and inferior mesenteric artery (four @entity1 ). Five deaths occurred after operation, two early and three late, all from @entity583 . All @entity1 who survived have been relieved of their @entity158 , and there has been no recurrence. The average length of follow-up has been 60.9 months and repeat angiography in six @entity1 at intervals of up to 5 years has shown no evidence of revascularization occlusion.

title: XXXX : diagnosis and therapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal ischemia']

entities_list: @entity1294 :: ('MESH:D015140', 'Disease') :: ['arteriosclerotically']

entities_list: @entity951 :: ('MESH:D000787', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal angina unlikely unless']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['splenic artery']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarctions']

entities_list: @entity4288 :: ('MESH:D001161', 'Disease') :: ['Splanchnic arteriosclerosis']

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['Chronic intestinal ischemia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity955 ( @entity955 ) is the most common sustained @entity943 in clinical practice, affecting many millions of @entity1 world-wide. The treatment of @entity955 has improved significantly during the past decade, but most @entity1 suffer from symptoms and recurrences of @entity943 . Studies on the @entity5707 in @entity1 with @entity955 are becoming increasingly important because they may improve the treatment of @entity955 . AIM: To determine plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) concentrations in @entity1 with persistent @entity955 , before and one day after electrical cardioversion of @entity955 . METHODS: We attempted cardioversion in 42 consecutive @entity1 (30 @entity1 and 12 @entity1 ), aged 57+/-8 years, with persistent nonvalvular @entity955 of 7+/-6 month duration. The underlying @entity299 was systemic @entity101 in 20, @entity299 in 17, @entity384 in 3, and lone @entity955 in 2 @entity1 . All @entity1 had left ventricular ejection fraction >45%. The control group comprised 11 subjects with sinus rhythm and no history of @entity955 who were age-, gender- and concomitant disease-matched with the @entity955 @entity1 . Plasma samples of ANP were obtained at rest the day before and 24 hours after cardioversion. RESULTS: Cardioversion was successful in 35 @entity1 . @entity1 with successful or non-successful cardioversion had similar clinical characteristics. The mean baseline ANP level before cardioversion was 59.5+/-15.6 pg/ml and was significantly higher than in the control group - 34.3+/-10.2 pg/ml (p<0.001). In @entity1 in whom sinus rhythm was restored, a significant decrease in the ANP level was observed (59.4+/-16.6 versus 31.4+/-15.0 pg/ml; p<0.01) whereas it did not change in @entity1 with ineffective cardioversion (59.4+/-10.7 versus 60.2+/-10.7 pg/ml, NS). CONCLUSIONS: Plasma ANP concentration in @entity1 with @entity955 was significantly reduced after successful cardioversion and remained stable in those with unsuccessful cardioversion.

title: Atrial natriuretic peptide before and after cardioversion of persistent XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'people', 'men']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['dilated cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['ischaemic heart disease', 'heart disease']

entities_list: @entity5707 :: ('MESH:D020257', 'Disease') :: ['neurohormonal remodelling']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['Atrial fibrillation', 'AF']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrhythmia', 'arrhythmia']

answer: @entity955 :: (MESH:D001281,Disease) :: ['atrial fibrillation']


abstract: Gamma Knife surgery (GKS) is widely recognized as an effective, minimally invasive treatment for intractable @entity4254 , but the role of GKS in @entity5587 ( @entity5587 ) remains unclear. This study involved 2 @entity1 with medically intractable @entity5587 who were treated using GKS. One @entity1 required 2 treatments because of a recurrence of symptoms (at maximum doses of 60 and 70 Gy), and the other @entity1 had a single intervention (at a maximum dose of 75 Gy). The GKS target was the distal part of the glossopharyngeal nerve. @entity1 were investigated prospectively, treated, and then assessed periodically with respect to @entity158 relief and neurological function. Complete @entity158 relief was achieved initially after all 3 interventions. The first @entity1 was @entity158 free without medication for 2 months after the first treatment (60 Gy) and for 4 months after the second treatment (70 Gy). The second @entity1 (treated with 75 Gy) was still @entity158 free without medication at the last follow-up (12 months). Neither @entity1 had any @entity16 . The initial response of @entity5587 to low-dose GKS was favorable, but symptoms may recur. No adverse neurological effects were observed in any of the lower cranial nerves. It will be necessary to investigate the optimal radiation dose and target of GKS for achieving long-term @entity158 relief in @entity5587 .

title: Gamma Knife surgery for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4254 :: ('MESH:D014277', 'Disease') :: ['trigeminal neuralgia']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological complications']

entities_list: @entity5587 :: ('MESH:D020435', 'Disease') :: ['glossopharyngeal neuralgia', 'GPN']

answer: @entity5587 :: (MESH:D020435,Disease) :: ['glossopharyngeal neuralgia']


abstract: Three @entity1 presented with typical @entity10921 -like vesicles, @entity2318 as well as @entity2100 , primarily on the back of the hands. In two of the three, @entity7170 workup was normal. Skin biopsy was compatible with @entity10921 ( @entity10921 ) or pseudoporphyria. The common aspect in the @entity1 ' history was the frequent use of solaria for many years, so that UV-induced pseudoporphyria was diagnosed. Treatment was strict abstention from UV radiation and regular dermatologic controls for signs of @entity272 . @entity7170 analysis in the third @entity1 showed normal excretion of total urine @entity7889 and precursors; however, fecal porphyrins were elevated with dominating @entity20178 in HPLC and the plasma fluorescence scan yielded a peak at 625 nm. Subsequent mutation analysis showed a mutation in the @entity20179 gene, thereby confirming the diagnosis of @entity11160 . Five months after the initial diagnosis the @entity1 presented with the first acute attack. Further investigations revealed a metastasized @entity694 , which probably triggered the acute attack. Our cases show rare differential diagnoses in @entity1 presenting with typical @entity10921 -like @entity272 . The discrimination between @entity10921 and its differential diagnoses is very important since it has an important impact not only on the treatment modality but also on the course and the prognosis of the disease.

title: [Solarium-induced pseudoporphyria and XXXX as rare differential diagnoses of @entity10921 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity10921 :: ('MESH:D017119', 'Disease') :: ['porphyria cutanea tarda', 'PCT']

entities_list: @entity20179 :: ('5498', 'Gene') :: ['protoporphyrinogen oxidase']

entities_list: @entity20178 :: ('MESH:D003306', 'Chemical') :: ['coproporphyrins']

entities_list: @entity2318 :: ('MESH:D002921', 'Disease') :: ['erosions and scars']

entities_list: @entity7889 :: ('MESH:D011166', 'Chemical') :: ['porphyrins']

entities_list: @entity7170 :: ('CHEBI:8337', 'Chemical') :: ['Porphyrin', 'porphyrin']

entities_list: @entity2100 :: ('MESH:D005600', 'Disease') :: ['increased fragility']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin damage', 'skin lesions']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma of the colon']

entities_list: @entity11160 :: ('MESH:D046350', 'Disease') :: ['variegate porphyria']

answer: @entity11160 :: (MESH:D046350,Disease) :: ['variegate porphyria']


abstract: The direct correlation analyses between the distribution of @entity2644 (pharmacokinetics) and the biochemical effects of the drug on @entity1154 metabolisms (pharmacodynamics) are reported. Both samples for quantitative determination of @entity5579 and of @entity1154 transmitters and metabolites were obtained by organic extraction procedures from the same sample. The determinations were carried out by high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. @entity5579 affected the concentrations of metabolites of @entity1063 , @entity935 and @entity750 , but not those of the @entity1154 transmitters themselves. However, simultaneous assay demonstrated differences in effects of the drug on the transmitter systems. The concentrations of @entity3829 and @entity4925 were increased over a wide range of intracerebral concentrations of the drug, but those of @entity5580 , in the range of higher concentrations. On the other hand, @entity5579 did not reveal any correlations between the intracerebral concentrations of the drug and @entity5581 . These results suggest that @entity5579 affected primarily the dopaminergic system rather than the serotonergic one in the early stage of its biochemical actions. The proposed procedure is demonstrated to be simple and useful as a new approach in biochemical pharmacology. The same procedure can be applicable for other centrally acting drugs.

title: Simultaneous determination of the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of XXXX in the brain of mice.

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity2644 :: ('MESH:D002746', 'Chemical') :: ['chlorpromazine']

entities_list: @entity1154 :: ('CHEBI:25375', 'Chemical') :: ['monoamine']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['5-hydroxytryptamine']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['noradrenaline']

answer: @entity2644 :: (MESH:D002746,Chemical) :: ['chlorpromazine']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The objectives of the present study were to describe @entity4023 injection to the vocal folds as treatment for @entity1887 , assess indications and report vocal results at 1 month and later than 6 months postoperatively. @entity1 AND METHODS: A single-center retrospective study was performed for the period March 2012 to August 2015. Inclusion criteria comprised: unilateral recurrent @entity129 or vocal fold closure defect with conserved mobility. Exclusion criteria comprised: previous thyroplasty, severe @entity1282 , and @entity73 hindering subjective vocal assessment. @entity17343 (  ) injection was performed under general or local anesthesia. The Vocal Handicap Index (VHI), maximum phonation time (MPT) and GRBAS (Grade, Roughness, Breathiness, Asthenia, Strain) score were assessed preoperatively and at 1 month and more than 6 months postoperatively. RESULTS: Twenty @entity1 were included: 14 with unilateral recurrent @entity129 and 6 with vocal fold closure defect. @entity17343 (  ) injection was performed under general anesthesia in 16 @entity1 and local anesthesia in 4 (20%). At 1-month assessment, there was significant reduction in VHI (by 36 points; P=0.0001) and GRBAS score (by 6.95 points; P=0.0001) and significant increase in MPT (by 4.95sec; P=0.0001). At 6 months, VHI, MPT and GRBAS scores remained significantly improved (respectively, P=0.0002, P=0.001 and P=0.0001), without significant difference from 1-month levels. Three @entity1 had minor complications; two recovered normal vocal fold mobility. CONCLUSION: @entity4023 injection was effective in treating glottal failure, improving objective and subjective @entity3746 , which remained satisfactory even 6 months postoperatively.

title: Functional assessment of XXXX treated by @entity4023 injection: Retrospective 20-case series.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity129 :: ('MESH:D003389', 'Disease') :: ['nerve palsy']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive disorder']

entities_list: @entity1887 :: ('MESH:D000309', 'Disease') :: ['glottal insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['swallowing disorder']

entities_list: @entity17343 :: ('MESH:C445361', 'Chemical') :: ['Restylane']

entities_list: @entity3746 :: ('MESH:D014826', 'Disease') :: ['vocal parameters']

entities_list: @entity4023 :: ('MESH:D006820', 'Chemical') :: ['hyaluronic acid', 'Hyaluronic acid']

answer: @entity1887 :: (MESH:D000309,Disease) :: ['glottal insufficiency']


abstract: The effects of diaphragmatic breathing learning on chest wall motion, mechanical efficiency of the respiratory muscles, breathing pattern, and @entity1353 sensation were studied in seven @entity1 with severe @entity1030 ( @entity1030 ) (FEV1 34 +/- 7% of the predicted value) during loaded and unloaded breathing. Chest wall motion was studied focusing on amplitude and phase relation of rib cage and abdominal motion. Mechanical efficiency was defined as the ratio of added external power output and added @entity26 consumption during inspiratory threshold loading (40% maximal inspiratory pressure [Plmax]). After 2 wk run-in, all subjects participated in a diaphragmatic breathing program for 3 wk. Variables obtained during diaphragmatic breathing were compared with those obtained during natural breathing. During diaphragmatic breathing the ratio of rib cage to abdominal motion decreased significantly during unloaded (0.86 versus 0.37; p < 0.01) as well as during loaded breathing (0.97 versus 0.50; p < 0.01). Chest wall motion became more asynchronous during diaphragmatic breathing in the unloaded conditions (mean phase difference for natural breathing 3.5 versus 10.4% for diaphragmatic breathing; p < 0.02) and loaded conditions (mean phase difference for natural breathing 6 versus 11.4% for diaphragmatic breathing; p < 0.02). Surprisingly, mechanical efficiency decreased significantly during diaphragmatic breathing (2.57 +/- 0.76%) in comparison with natural breathing (3.35 +/- 1.48%; p < 0.01). Tidal volume, respiratory frequency, and duty cycle did not change significantly during diaphragmatic breathing. @entity1353 sensation tended to increase during diaphragmatic breathing.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Diaphragmatic breathing reduces efficiency of breathing in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease', 'COPD']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity1353 :: ('MESH:D004417', 'Disease') :: ['Dyspnea', 'dyspnea']

answer: @entity1030 :: (MESH:D029424,Disease) :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease']


abstract: The absorption of @entity3209 triolein in a standard fat meal was measured in 60 controls and 66 @entity1 with @entity344 by 14CO2 breath sampling. A reference range based upon cumulative eight hour values of the controls was independent of height, weight, and sex. The range was of log normal distribution and declined with age (p less than 0.05). Acceptable 'within-day' and 'between-day' reproducibility was found. All @entity1 tested with untreated @entity66 , @entity3210 and most with symptomatic small intestinal Crohn's disease had subnormal values. Twenty per cent of those with @entity1744 had subnormal values. @entity1 with @entity31 were all normal. The reagents used and the breath samples after collection were stable. In our experience the @entity3209 triolein test is simple, inexpensive, and helpful in the detection of diseases associated with @entity1386 . It is of value in monitoring the response to treatment of individual @entity1 with @entity66 .

title: XXXX triolein breath test: a routine test in the gastroenterology clinic?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['coeliac disease']

entities_list: @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative colitis']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal disorders']

entities_list: @entity3210 :: ('MESH:D010188', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity1744 :: ('MESH:D043183', 'Disease') :: ['irritable bowel syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1386 :: ('MESH:D018205', 'Disease') :: ['fat malabsorption']

answer: @entity3209 :: (CHEBI:36927,Chemical) :: ['14C']