abstract: BACKGROUND: This study aimed to use plantar pressure analysis in relatively long-distance walking for objective outcome evaluation of @entity3681 treatments, i.e., ankle arthrodesis and total ankle replacement. METHODS: Forty-seven subjects in four groups: three @entity1 groups and controls, participated in the study. Each subject walked twice in 50-m trials. Plantar pressure under the pathological foot was measured using pressure insoles. Six parameters: initial contact time, terminal contact time, maximum force time, peak pressure time, maximum force and peak pressure were calculated and averaged over trials in ten regions of foot. The parameters in each region were compared between @entity1 groups and controls and their effect size was estimated. Besides, the correlations between pressure parameters and clinical scales were calculated. FINDINGS: We observed based on temporal parameters that @entity1 postpone the heel-off event, when high force in forefoot and high ankle moment happens. Also based on maximum force and peak pressure, the @entity1 apply smoothened maximum forces on the affected foot. In ten regions, some parameters showed improvements after total ankle replacement, some showed alteration of foot function after ankle arthrodesis and some others showed still abnormality after both surgical treatments. These parameters showed also significant correlation with clinical scales in at least two regions of foot. INTERPRETATION: Plantar pressure parameters in relatively long-distance trials showed to be strong tools for outcome evaluation of @entity3681 treatments.

title: Outcome evaluation of XXXX treatments: plantar pressure analysis during relatively long-distance walking.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3681 :: ('MESH:D016512', 'Disease') :: ['ankle osteoarthritis']

answer: @entity3681 :: (MESH:D016512,Disease) :: ['ankle osteoarthritis']


abstract: PURPOSE: Self-cutting as a form of self-harm is common in general population adolescents. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of @entity146 and associated factors among self-cutting community-dwelling adolescents. METHODS: A sample of adolescents who reported current self-cutting (n = 80) was drawn from a large sample of community adolescents (n = 4205). Of these 80 individuals, 44 consented to further detailed assessment. An age- and gender-matched control subject was selected for each study subject. Data collection included Structured Clinical Interviews for DSM-IV-TR, the Beck Depression Inventory, the @entity167 Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), and the Youth Self-Report for adolescents aged 11-18 years (YSR). RESULTS: @entity308 (63% vs. 5%), @entity148 (37% vs. 12%), and @entity1277 (15% vs. 0%) were more common among self-cutting @entity1 (n = 41) than among controls. None of the self-cutting @entity1 (n = 3) had a DSM-IV-TR @entity146 . In multivariate model, the presence of major @entity308 , the AUDIT score and the YSR internalizing subscale score were the factors that were independently associated with the presence of self-cutting in @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity308 , signs of @entity167 misuse, and internalizing behavior strongly associate with self-cutting in community-dwelling adolescents, especially in @entity1 .

title: XXXX in self-cutting adolescents.

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive disorder', 'Major depressive disorder']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['mental disorders', 'Axis I mental disorder']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol', 'Alcohol']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['anxiety disorders']

entities_list: @entity1277 :: ('MESH:D001068', 'Disease') :: ['eating disorders']

answer: @entity146 :: (MESH:D001523,Disease) :: ['Mental disorders']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity344 ( @entity344 ) are common. Diagnosis is based on the Rome criteria. It has been argued that performing endoscopies could help by providing reassurance and thus improve outcomes. This study was conducted to evaluate the impact of obtaining normal endoscopies in the outcome of @entity1 with @entity344 . METHODS: Medical records of @entity1 diagnosed with @entity490 related- @entity344 were reviewed. To assess the @entity1 's symptoms at follow-up, parents completed the Questionnaire on Pediatric Gastrointestinal Symptoms III (QPGS III). Primary outcome was presence of @entity490 ( @entity490 ) and secondary outcomes were @entity490 severity. RESULTS: A total of 301 @entity1 were diagnosed with @entity344 . Overall, 62.6% reported persistence of @entity490 and 37.4% were asymptomatic at follow-up. Among @entity1 with endoscopies, 61% reported @entity490 . Among @entity1 without endoscopies, 64% were symptomatic (P = .76). @entity490 frequency, @entity490 intensity, and @entity1 's disability were similar in those with and without endoscopies. CONCLUSION: The study does not suggest that a negative endoscopy improves the outcome of @entity1 with @entity344 .

title: The prognostic value of obtaining a negative endoscopy in XXXX with functional @entity344 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'child']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain-related FGIDs', 'FGIDs', 'Functional gastrointestinal disorders']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['AP', 'abdominal pain']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to determine whether @entity384 is effective in revision frontal sinus surgery. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed all @entity1 who had previously undergone endoscopic frontal sinus surgery and had persistent @entity1244 . All @entity1 then underwent @entity384 of the frontal ostium. Outcome measurements included endoscopic patency of the frontal ostium, Lund-Mackay scores, culture-positive @entity86 , and subjective persistence of symptoms. RESULTS: Twenty-four frontal ostia and recesses were dilated in 13 @entity1 . The mean follow-up was 13 months (range, 7 to 19 months). During follow-up, 21 of 24 ostia (86%) remained patent and 3 required additional procedures. Postoperative computed tomography scans were performed an average of 12 months after dilation (range, 6 to 18 months) in 9 @entity1 (17 sinuses). The average Lund-Mackay score was 1.35 before dilation and 0.87 at follow-up (p = 0.0076), with 41% of sinuses (7 of 17) displaying radiographic improvement. The average number of @entity86 was 2.07 (range, 0 to 7). Frontal @entity10 persisted in 38% of @entity1 (5 of 13) at follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Balloon dilation of the frontal ostia has a posttreatment patency rate comparable to those of other endoscopic revision techniques. Although it may not fully address the frontal sinus disease of all @entity1 , it is a less invasive technique that may be helpful for some @entity1 .

title: Initial clinical experience with XXXX in revision frontal sinus surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1244 :: ('MESH:D012852', 'Disease') :: ['sinusitis']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['balloon dilation']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative infections']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headaches']

answer: @entity384 :: (MESH:D002311,Disease) :: ['balloon dilation']


abstract: PURPOSE: Adverse events that can occur in @entity1 with @entity1187 ( @entity1187 ) following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), and with the use of oral antiplatelet agents are discussed. SUMMARY: Disruption of the vascular endothelium routinely occurs during PCI and stent placement, resulting in @entity1317 . This injury can increase the risk of intracoronary @entity715 and subsequent @entity1187 after PCI. Appropriate antiplatelet therapy reduces the risk of intracoronary @entity715 after PCI; however, health care providers should be aware of the possible limitations associated with specific antiplatelet agents and how to tailor therapy to improve outcomes. Platelet response after a @entity1397 loading dose is highly variable, and @entity1423 to @entity1397 may result in a variety of @entity63 complications. A number of methods are available for assessing the antiplatelet effects of @entity1397 . However, none of these tests has been standardized as a measurement for @entity1397 responsiveness. Several polymorphic CYP enzymes are involved in the activation of @entity1397 , and genetic polymorphisms may affect the activity of these enzymes. Genetic variants, particularly the presence of the @entity4433 *2 allele, are associated with poor clinical outcomes after stent placement, along with increased @entity63 events in @entity1397 -treated @entity1 . Health care providers should also be aware that drug-drug interactions can occur in @entity1 receiving @entity1397 and other @entity4433 inhibitors. CONCLUSION: Prevention and proper management of adverse events can help to optimize outcomes in @entity1 with @entity1187 who have undergone PCI with stent placement.

title: Considerations in @entity1 receiving oral antiplatelet therapy after XXXX and percutaneous coronary intervention.

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['ACS', 'acute coronary syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1423 :: ('MESH:D001791', 'Disease') :: ['platelet hyporesponsiveness']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity1397 :: ('MESH:C055162', 'Chemical') :: ['clopidogrel']

entities_list: @entity1317 :: ('MESH:D057772', 'Disease') :: ['vascular injury']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

answer: @entity1187 :: (MESH:D054058,Disease) :: ['acute coronary syndrome']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Eradication rates of @entity1534 have declined to unacceptable levels in recent years. New and effective treatment options are warranted both as a first and second line treatment. AIM: To test an effectiveness of modified sequential therapy with @entity800 for @entity1534 eradication in @entity233 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: @entity1534 infected dyspeptic @entity1 were included to the study. Subjects were treated with modified sequential therapy consisting of @entity7619 20 mg b.i.d. and @entity115 1 g b.i.d., for 7 days followed by @entity7619 20 mg b.i.d, @entity800 500 mg q.d. and @entity868 500 mg b.i.d for the remaining 7 days. RESULTS: Sixty-three treatment naive @entity1 and 37 previous treatment failures were enrolled to the study (59 F, 41 M, age: 21-80 years). There was five drop out. @entity1534 eradication was achieved in 80 @entity1 , intention-to-treat (ITT): 80% (95% CI: 71-87%) and per-protocol (PP): 84.2% (95% CI: 75-91%), totally. In treatment naive @entity1 ITT and PP eradication rates were 82.5% (95% CI: 71-91%), and 86.7% (95% CI: 75-94%), respectively. As a second line treatment eradication was successful in ITT 75.7%.(95% CI: 59-88%), and PP 80% (95% CI: 63-92%).Mild side effects were reported by 8 @entity1 (8.4%). CONCLUSIONS: Sequential therapy using " @entity7619 and @entity115 7 days followed by @entity7619 , @entity868 and @entity800 for 7 days" is a new regimen with acceptable eradication rates in na  ve @entity1 in @entity233 . Further modifications in the dose or duration of this new sequential therapy might increase its effectiveness as both first and second line treatment.

title: The modified sequential treatment regimen containing XXXX for @entity1534 eradication in @entity233 .

entities_list: @entity868 :: ('MESH:D008795', 'Chemical') :: ['metronidazole']

entities_list: @entity115 :: ('MESH:D000658', 'Chemical') :: ['amoxicillin']

entities_list: @entity7619 :: ('MESH:C063129', 'Chemical') :: ['rabeprazole']

entities_list: @entity1534 :: ('210', 'Species') :: ['H. pylori', 'Helicobacter pylori']

entities_list: @entity800 :: ('MESH:D015242', 'Chemical') :: ['levofloxacin']

answer: @entity800 :: (MESH:D015242,Chemical) :: ['levofloxacin']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity440 is effective in @entity0 therapy in postmenopausal @entity1 ; however, it causes adverse effects that alter the glycolytic pathway and induce @entity4854 . @entity3092 , a @entity3096 with antioxidant potential, inhibits @entity16855 ( @entity16855 ), which is positively associated with @entity4854 . Therefore, this study investigated the effect of @entity3092 on @entity440 -induced @entity4854 , using @entity16855 activity as a bioindicator in adult ovariectomized @entity35 . The ovariectomized @entity35 were treated orally for 14 days with different concentrations of @entity3092 (2.5, 7.5, 22.5, and 67.5   mg.kg(-1) b.w.) and @entity440 (5   mg.kg(-1) b.w.). Subsequently, they were euthanized; blood and tissue samples were collected. The following biochemical parameters were analyzed: plasma @entity413 levels and @entity16855 activity in the plasma, liver, intestine, and adipose tissue. The most effective dose of @entity3092 in reducing @entity4854 was 22.5   mg.kg(-1) b.w. (Que/ @entity16235 4.5/1, P   <   .00000), although the doses of 2.5 (Que/ @entity16235 0.5/1, P   <   .05) and 7.5   mg.kg(-1) b.w. (Que/ @entity16235 1.5/1, P   <   .05) were also effective. The @entity16855 activity decreased in the intestine at all tested doses of @entity3092 coadministered with @entity440 (P   <   .01); however, in adipose tissue, there was a biphasic activity with a decrease (P   <   .05) and increase (P   <   .05) in activity at doses of 7.5 and 22.5   mg.kg(-1) b.w. of @entity3092 , respectively. However, the correlation between @entity16855 and @entity413 levels was not significant (P   >   .05). In summary, the findings of the present study suggest that @entity3092 when associated with @entity440 decreases in plasma @entity413 levels. Furthermore, in these cases, @entity16855 should not be used as an indicator of @entity4854 .

title: Antihyperglycemic Effect of @entity3092 in Ovariectomized @entity35 Treated with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity440 :: ('MESH:D013629', 'Chemical') :: ['tamoxifen', 'Tamoxifen']

entities_list: @entity16855 :: ('65036(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['butyrylcholinesterase', 'BuChE']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Wistar rats', 'rats']

entities_list: @entity3092 :: ('MESH:D011794', 'Chemical') :: ['quercetin', 'Quercetin']

entities_list: @entity3096 :: ('CHEBI:47916', 'Chemical') :: ['flavonoid']

entities_list: @entity4854 :: ('MESH:D006943', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemia']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity440 :: (MESH:D013629,Chemical) :: ['Tamoxifen']


abstract: Vulvar @entity22497 ( @entity22497 ) represents a rare intraepithelial @entity420 . It accounts for less than 1% of all vulvar @entity5 and usually appears in postmenopausal @entity1 . Histologically it is analogous to @entity4098 . The most common clinical symptom is @entity111 . The lesion appears as an erythematous or as an @entity75 with islands of @entity5656 . Occasionally, single anaplastic Paget's cells can be found on the vulvar smears which make cytological diagnosis of the disease possible. However, the disease can be diagnosed only by biopsy. We present a case of 49-year old @entity1 with vulvar symptoms of @entity111 , who had liver and kidney transplantation two years ago. During the standard gynecological examination the vulvar smear was taken for cytological evaluation. The smear was scanty, with inflammatory background, overloaded with squamae. There were two types of cells: @entity6349 squamous cells from lower layer of the epithelium and the single, anaplastic cells with a high nuclear:cytoplasmic ratio who possessed eccentric, large nucleus. Nucleoli were rare. Cytoplasm varied from pale and delicate to densely basophilic. Accordingly, cytological diagnosis @entity5436 ( @entity5436 ) with differential diagnosis of @entity4261 was made. The pathological verification supported the diagnosis of @entity22497 and an immunohistochemistry panel confirmed type III of @entity4261 and an evaluation of bladder was suggested.

title: XXXX --a case report.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplasia']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['eczematous lesion']

entities_list: @entity4098 :: ('MESH:D010144', 'Disease') :: ["Paget's disease of the breast"]

entities_list: @entity5656 :: ('MESH:D017488', 'Disease') :: ['hyperkeratosis']

entities_list: @entity4261 :: ('MESH:D010001', 'Disease') :: ["vulvar Paget's disease", "Paget's disease"]

entities_list: @entity111 :: ('MESH:D011537', 'Disease') :: ['pruritus']

entities_list: @entity22497 :: ('MESH:C537701', 'Disease') :: ['Morbus Paget', 'MP']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity6349 :: ('MESH:D004416', 'Disease') :: ['dysplastic']

entities_list: @entity5436 :: ('MESH:D019048', 'Disease') :: ['vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia', 'VIN III']

answer: @entity4261 :: (MESH:D010001,Disease) :: ['Vulvar Paget's disease']


abstract: The effect of 6 days of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) on the @entity2270 was studied in vivo and in vitro in the @entity35 . During the TPN period, blood samples were taken from control and TPN animals to determine the comparative pattern of @entity18099 release. @entity413 , insulin and @entity18099 responses to oral @entity413 (OGTT) were compared in TPN and control @entity35 . The effect of @entity413 and @entity18099 on insulin release from the isolated perfused pancreas of the same animals was investigated to determine if TPN altered the sensitivity of the beta cell. In conjunction with these studies the number and distribution of @entity18099 -containing cells were compared in control and TPN animals. TPN resulted in no change in basal levels of @entity413 , insulin and IR- @entity18099 . An exaggerated insulin response to OGTT occurred after TPN whereas the @entity413 response was reduced. The IR- @entity18099 response to @entity413 was normal following TPN. The isolated perfused pancreas showed a 30% increase in insulin release in response to @entity18099 after TPN. The insulin response to @entity413 appeared normal as did the number and distribution of @entity18099 cells. Fluctuations in @entity18099 and insulin levels in control animals were diurnal in nature, whereas IR- @entity18099 levels in TPN animals remained near fasting levels. It was hypothesized that the increase in beta cell sensitivity to @entity18099 may be causally connected to the exposure of the pancreas to chronically low levels of @entity18099 during TPN.

title: The effect of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) on the XXXX in the @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity2270 :: ('MESH:C566610', 'Disease') :: ['enteroinsular axis']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose', 'Glucose']

answer: @entity2270 :: (MESH:C566610,Disease) :: ['enteroinsular axis']


abstract: This study was carried out on 57 normal @entity1 : 22 full-term newborns, examined in the hospital laboratory, and 35 2-18-wk-old @entity1 , examined in two resident nurseries. Polygraphic records, including 1-3 complete sleep cycles, were performed during the morning. The tracings were analyzed by 20-sec epochs. Three to 10% of @entity25 ( @entity25 ) and 0.8-4% of quiet sleep states (QS) included greater than or equal to 3 sec respiratory pauses. There were minimal, non-significant differences between respiratory frequencies (RF) in total and in no-pause tracings. Our results confirmed that RF was higher in @entity25 in all ages, when compared with QS (P less than 0.02). During the @entity1606 ( @entity1606 ) from one to another well-defined sleep state, the respiratory rate showed an intermediate level ( @entity25 greater than @entity1606 greater than QS): the @entity1606 from @entity25 to QS showed progressive slowing of RF, while the @entity1606 from QS to @entity25 occurred abruptly, with sudden acceleration of RF. There was a significant slowing of RF during the couse of QS, while the RF in @entity25 was more variable without significant differences between the beginning, the middle and the end of @entity25 state. In this material RF was higher in 2-5-wk and 6-10-wk age groups, compared to newborns and to 11-18-wk-old @entity1 . At all ages, there was a high degree of correlation (P less than 0.01) between RF found in different sleep states for given individuals: some @entity1 breathed more rapidly and other more slowly in all sleep states. A review of the literature showed that the differences between normal RF.

title: Respiratory frequencies of sleeping XXXX during the first months of life: correlations between values in different sleep states.

entities_list: @entity1606 :: ('MESH:D002295', 'Disease') :: ['transition', 'TS']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['AS', 'active sleep states']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['infants']


abstract: The effects on reproduction in screech owls (Otus asio) of chronic dietary @entity3163 administration at 0, 40, and 200 ppm were examined. @entity1388 at 40 ppm resulted in a significantly smaller egg volume, while 200 ppm also resulted in lower egg weights and lengths. Day-one hatchlings in the 200 ppm group weighed almost 10% less than controls and had shorter crown-rump lengths. No gross abnormalities were apparent. Skeletal clearing and staining revealed significantly shorter tibiotarsus lengths in the 40 ppm and 200 ppm groups and a shorter radius-ulna length in the 200 ppm group. By 7 days of age, body weights and lengths did not differ from controls, but the tibiotarsus in the 200 ppm group remained shorter. No significant differences were detected in hematocrit, hemoglobin, plasma @entity460 or alkaline phosphatase. Plasma @entity3151 levels were higher in the 40 ppm group than in controls. These results, in combination with the findings of Pattee et al. [25], revealed significant impairment of overall reproduction, suggesting that @entity3163 could cause slight to moderate @entity74 in owls in @entity1388 -polluted areas.

title: Effects of XXXX on screech owl reproduction: teratological evaluation, growth, and blood chemistry in hatchlings.

entities_list: @entity3163 :: ('MESH:D012969', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium fluoride']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['reproduction disorders']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity3151 :: ('MESH:D010758', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphorus']

entities_list: @entity1388 :: ('MESH:D005459', 'Chemical') :: ['fluoride', 'Fluoride']

answer: @entity1388 :: (MESH:D005459,Chemical) :: ['fluoride']


abstract: AIMS: The present study evaluated the effects of ovariectomy on heart rate and arterial pressure variability and @entity299 ( @entity4375 ) in female spontaneously @entity101 (SHR) and @entity35 -Kyoto @entity35 (WKY). MAIN METHODS: Sham-surgery animals were used as control. Sixteen weeks after ovariectomy or sham-surgery, animals were recorded. Time series of pulse interval (PI) and systolic AP (SAP) were analyzed by means of autoregressive spectral analysis, which quantifies the power of very low (VLF=0.01-0.25 Hz), low (LF=0.25-0.75 Hz) and high frequency (HF=0.75-2.5 Hz) bands. @entity4375 was assessed by means of linear regression between changes of PI and SAP induced by vasoactive drugs or calculation of alpha-index, a spontaneous @entity4375 index. KEY FINDINGS: There was no difference in baseline PI or SAP between ovariectomized and sham SHR. Spectral analysis of heart rate variability suggested a shift of sympatho-vagal balance toward sympathetic predominance in ovariectomized SHR (LF/HF=1.8+/-0.2 versus 0.7+/-0.2 in sham SHR, p<0.05). Ovariectomy increased total variance and VLF power of SAP in SHR (29.1+/-9.6 mmHg2 and 18.6+/-6.3 mmHg2 versus 9.1+/-2.1 mmHg2 and 4.3+/-1.4 mmHg2, respectively, in sham SHR, p<0.05). In addition, ovariectomy reduced reflex @entity1168 in SHR (0.18+/-0.03 ms/mmHg versus 0.34+/-0.06 ms/mmHg in sham SHR, p<0.05). Ovariectomy did not affect heart rate and SAP variability or @entity4375 in WKY. SIGNIFICANCE: These data showed that @entity43 induced marked changes on cardiovascular control, increasing SAP variability and cardiac sympatho-vagal balance and blunting @entity4375 in female @entity101 animals, which reinforce the possible protective role of ovarian hormones on the cardiovascular system.

title: Heart rate and arterial pressure variability and baroreflex sensitivity in ovariectomized spontaneously XXXX @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian hormones deprivation']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac baroreflex sensitivity']

entities_list: @entity1168 :: ('MESH:D001919', 'Disease') :: ['bradycardia']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertensive']


abstract: We have compared intraoperative glycaemic control, insulin requirements and metabolic and endocrine variables in 40 non-insulin-dependent @entity6 @entity1 ( @entity2175 ) and 40 insulin-dependent @entity6 @entity1 ( @entity1723 ) undergoing general anaesthesia for elective procedures. Two i.v. insulin regimens were used: continuous i.v. infusion (group A: 1.25 u.h-1) and repeated i.v. boluses (10 u./2 h). Blood concentrations of @entity413 were measured every 15 min from just before induction of anaesthesia until 2 h after surgery. Plasma @entity880 and @entity2388 concentrations, @entity6178 bodies, @entity2690 and counter-regulatory hormones were also measured. Glycaemia did not differ significantly in the two types of @entity6 , regardless of the insulin therapy used. The amounts of insulin administered were similar in @entity2175 and @entity1723 . There was no significant difference for other metabolic variables. Plasma concentrations of @entity2124 ( @entity2124 ) increased significantly during surgery, especially in @entity1723 @entity1 , but this change did not alter intraoperative glycaemic control. We conclude that mean glycaemic control, insulin requirements and development of @entity6178 bodies in @entity2175 and @entity1723 @entity1 did not differ during the operative period, regardless of the insulin regimen used. Therefore, during the operative period, it is not necessary to modify the insulin regimen according to the type of @entity6 . The consequences of increased plasma @entity2124 concentrations on glycaemic control in @entity1723 @entity1 after operation are unknown.

title: Intraoperative glycaemic control in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity2388 :: ('MESH:D019289', 'Chemical') :: ['pyruvate']

answer: @entity2175 :: (MESH:D003924,Disease) :: ['non-insulin-dependent and insulin-dependent diabetes']


abstract: Two studies were conducted to evaluate the effects of @entity4336 (CDG) and @entity1101 (SDG) wet distillers grains with solubles on feedlot @entity291 performance, carcass characteristics, and apparent total tract digestion of nutrients. In Exp. 1, 224 steers were used in a randomized complete block design (initial BW 391.1 +/- 9.51 kg) and fed steam-flaked @entity4336 (SFC)-based diets consisting of ( @entity3918 basis) 0% distillers grains (CON), 15% SDG, 30% SDG, 15% CDG, 30% CDG, 15% of a 50:50 blend of SDG and CDG, and 30% of a 50:50 blend of CDG and SDG. Decreased carcass-adjusted final BW and HCW (P < or = 0.05) were noted as the inclusion amount of distillers grains increased in the diet. Body weight gain efficiency did not differ among the CDG, 50:50 SDG and CDG blend, and CON treatments, but G:F was numerically less with either amount of SDG than for CON, and decreased (P < or = 0.05) as distillers grains were increased from 15 to 30%. @entity291 fed CON had greater carcass yield grades than those fed the distillers grain diets (P < or = 0.05). In Exp. 2, crossbred beef steers (n = 36; initial BW 567.3 +/- 53.1 kg) were used in a generalized randomized block design and fed SFC-based diets with 0% distillers grains (CON) and 15% ( @entity3918 basis) CDG or SDG. Digestibility was determined with a pulse dose of @entity6214 . Feeding steers 15% CDG or SDG increased intakes of CP and NDF (P < or = 0.05), but intakes of @entity3918 , OM, and starch did not differ among treatments (P >o r = 0.07). Apparent total tract digestibilities of @entity3918 , OM, CP, NDF, and starch (P > or = 0.25) did not differ among the 3 treatments. Fecal pH averaged over all sampling times was not affected by treatment, nor were average fecal pH values for prefeeding samples (0, 24, 48, and 72 h after the pulse dose) or for samples taken after feeding (12, 36, and 60 h after the pulse dose; P > or = 0.11). Results suggest that with 15% distillers grains in the @entity3918 , G:F was similar for @entity291 fed the CDG, 50:50 SDG and CDG blend, and CON diets. Feeding 30 vs. 15% distillers grains decreased G:F, but including 15% CDG or SDG in SFC-based diets did not affect apparent total tract digestibilities in feedlot steers.

title: @entity4336 or @entity1101 wet distillers grains with solubles in combination with steam-flaked @entity4336 : feedlot XXXX performance, carcass characteristics, and apparent total tract digestibility.

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['cattle']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the role of complement factor C5 in a model of zymosan-induced @entity881 . DESIGN: Experimental animal study. SETTING: Central animal laboratory of a university hospital. SUBJECTS: Twenty-five @entity2244 B2D10/Old and 25 C5-sufficient B2D10/New @entity19 . INTERVENTIONS: On day 0, all @entity19 received an intraperitoneal injection with zymosan suspended in @entity982 in a dose of 1 mg/g body weight. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Between days 0 and 12, biological parameters (temperature, body weight, and clinical condition) were measured daily and mortality was monitored. Clinical condition was assessed as a symptom score by blindly grading the degree of lethargy, @entity2024 , @entity294 , and ruffled fur of each @entity19 on a 2-point scale (maximum score of 4). On day 12, all surviving @entity19 were killed and relative organ weights of lungs, liver, spleen, and kidneys were calculated. Relative organ weight was defined as (organ weight/body weight) x 100%. Zymosan administration induced a typical @entity221 . Deterioration of the clinical condition, as indicated by the symptom score, and the decrease in temperature and body weight in the acute phase were all significantly less severe in @entity2244 @entity19 (p < .005). In the late phase, no differences could be noticed in the courses of these biological parameters. Overall mortality was 2 (8%) of 25 in @entity2244 @entity19 and 8 (32%) of 25 in C5-sufficient @entity19 (p = .049), a difference that was mainly due to a difference in the acute phase. Organ damage, assessed as the relative organ weights, did not show any statistical differences for any organ between both strains. CONCLUSIONS: Complement factor C5 appears to play an important role in the acute hyperdynamic septic response in this model. However, @entity2244 could not prevent organ damage in the late @entity881 phase. This finding suggests that other factors must be more important in the development of the inflammatory response leading to @entity881 .

title: @entity2244 reduces early mortality but does not prevent organ damage in an animal model of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2244 :: ('MESH:C537005', 'Disease') :: ['C5-deficient', 'deficiency of C5']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity881 :: ('MESH:D009102', 'Disease') :: ['multiple organ dysfunction syndrome']

entities_list: @entity982 :: ('MESH:D010232', 'Chemical') :: ['paraffin']

entities_list: @entity2024 :: ('MESH:D003231', 'Disease') :: ['conjunctivitis']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['triphasic illness']

answer: @entity881 :: (MESH:D009102,Disease) :: ['multiple organ dysfunction syndrome']


abstract: The number of root nodules developing on legume roots after @entity281 is controlled by the plant shoot through autoregulation and mutational inactivation of this mechanism leads to hypernodulation. We have characterised the @entity3587 ( @entity3587 ) Sym28 locus involved in autoregulation and shown that it encodes a protein similar to the @entity958 @entity3588 ( @entity3588 ) protein. Inactivation of the PsClv2 gene in four independent sym28 mutant alleles, carrying premature stop codons, results in hypernodulation of the root and changes to the shoot architecture. In the reproductive phase sym28 shoots develops additional flowers, the stem fasciates, and the normal phyllotaxis is perturbed. Mutational substitution of an @entity535 in one @entity368 rich repeat of the corresponding @entity3589 LjCLV2 protein results in increased nodulation. Similarly, down-regulation of the Lotus @entity3588 gene by RNAi mediated reduction of the transcript level also resulted in increased nodulation. Gene expression analysis of LjClv2 and Lotus hypernodulation aberrant root formation @entity3590 (previously shown to regulate nodule numbers) indicated they have overlapping organ expression patterns. However, we were unable to demonstrate a direct protein-protein interaction between LjCLV2 and @entity3590 proteins in contrast to the situation between equivalent proteins in @entity958 . @entity3590 was localised to the plasma membrane using a YFP fusion whereas LjCLV2-YFP localised to the endoplasmic reticulum when transiently expressed in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves. This finding is the most likely explanation for the lack of interaction between these two proteins.

title: The @entity3588 genes of @entity3587 and XXXX affect autoregulation of nodulation.

entities_list: @entity368 :: ('CHEBI:25017', 'Chemical') :: ['leucine']

entities_list: @entity958 :: ('3702', 'Species') :: ['Arabidopsis']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity3589 :: ('34305', 'Species') :: ['Lotus japonicus']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['rhizobial infection']

entities_list: @entity3587 :: ('3888', 'Species') :: ['Pisum sativum', 'pea']

answer: @entity3589 :: (34305,Species) :: ['Lotus japonicus']


abstract: The selection of morphologically normal spermatozoa is critical to obtain high breeding performances in boar breeding farms and artificial insemination (AI) centers. Parameters for the selection of semen mainly include @entity1319 , concentration, and morphology. However, these primary parameters are often not reliable for discriminating between normal and abnormal, non-fertilizable spermatozoa. The present study was designed to compare the motion characteristics, fertilization ability using @entity52 ( @entity52 ), and acrosome formation of the semen from boars having low (boar number 2012) and normal (boar number 2004 and 2023) breeding performances. The ultimate goal was to identify additional simple and easy criteria for the selection of normal sperm. There was no significant difference between boar 2004 and boar 2023 sperm total motility in computer assisted sperm analysis. However, boar number 2012 semen presented a significantly reduced population of rapid moving spermatozoa and an increased population of slow moving spermatozoa compared to boar numbers 2004 and 2023. Analysis of detailed motion characteristics revealed that sperm from boar number 2012 had significantly reduced motility in progressiveness, average path velocity, straight-line velocity (VSL), curvilinear velocity (VCL), straightness, and linearity. The assessment of the fertilizing ability by @entity52 also showed that sperm from boar number 2012 showed a fertility rate of 3.4%, whereas sperm from boar number 2023 had a fertility rate of 75.45%. Interestingly, most of the sperm nuclei were found on the peripheral area of the oocytes, suggesting that the sperm from boar number 2012 lacked penetration ability into the oocyte zonapellucida. The acrosome formation analysis using @entity3587 agglutinin staining demonstrated that the sperm from boar number 2012 had a defect in acrosome formation. Consequently, primary parameters for selecting semen before AI such as motility are not sufficient to select normal and fertilizable spermatozoa. In conclusion, the present study suggests that the acrosome staining and detailed motion characteristics such as progressiveness, VCL, and VSL should be included in determining semen quality together with primary parameters for successful AI and high breeding performance in the @entity1707 industry.

title: XXXX Spermatozoa Defect in Acrosome Formation Caused Poor Motion Parameters and Fertilization Failure through Artificial Insemination and In vitro Fertilization.

entities_list: @entity52 :: ('MESH:C566179', 'Disease') :: ['IVF', 'in vitro fertilization']

entities_list: @entity3587 :: ('3888', 'Species') :: ['Pisum sativum']

entities_list: @entity1319 :: ('MESH:D015835', 'Disease') :: ['total sperm motility']

answer: @entity1707 :: (9823,Species) :: ['Pig']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Our aims were to identify and characterize the glottal response to esophageal mechanostimulation in @entity1 @entity1 . We tested the hypotheses that glottal response is related to the type of esophageal peristaltic response, stimulus volume, and respiratory phase. METHODS: Ten @entity1 (2.8 kg, SD 0.5) were studied at 39.2 wk (SD 2.4). Esophageal manometry concurrent with ultrasonography of the glottis (USG) was performed. The sensory-motor characteristics of mechanostimulation-induced esophago-glottal closure reflex (EGCR, adduction of glottal folds upon esophageal provocation) were identified. Mid-esophageal infusions of air (N = 41) were given and the temporal relationships of glottal response with @entity1282 , secondary peristalsis (SP), and the respiratory phase were analyzed using multinomial logistic regression models. RESULTS: The frequency occurrence of EGCR (83%) was compared (P < 0.001) with @entity1282 (44%), SP (34%), and no esophageal responses (22%). The odds ratios (OR, 95% CI) for the coexistence of EGCR with SP (0.4, 0.06-2.2), @entity1282 (1.9, 0.1-26), and no response (1.9, 0.4-9.0) were similar. The response time for esophageal reflexes was 3.8 (SD 1.8) s, and for EGCR was 0.4 (SD 0.3) s (P < 0.001). Volume-response relationship was noted (1 mL vs 2 mL, P < 0.05). EGCR was noted in both respiratory phases; however, EGCR response time was faster during expiration (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The occurrence of EGCR is independent of the peristaltic reflexes or the respiratory phase of infusion. The independent existence of EGCR suggests a hypervigilant state of the glottis to prevent retrograde aspiration during GER events.

title: Esophago-glottal closure reflex in @entity1 XXXX : a novel reflex elicited with concurrent manometry and ultrasonography.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['deglutition']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['infants']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To assess the use of acute @entity788 (AP)-associated drugs in @entity1 with AP, the relation between sales of these drugs and the incidence of AP, and the potential impact on AP severity and recurrence. METHODS: All @entity1 with incident AP between 2003 and 2012, in a well-defined area, were retrospectively identified. Data regarding AP etiology, severity, and recurrence and use of AP-associated drugs were extracted from medical records. Drugs were classified according to an evidence-based classification system. Annual drug sales data were obtained from the Swedish drug administration service. RESULTS: Overall, 1457 cases of incident AP were identified. Acute @entity788 -associated drug users increased from 32% in 2003 to 51% in 2012, reflecting increasing user rates in the general population. The incidence of AP increased during the study period but was not related to AP-associated drug user rates (P > 0.05). Recurrent AP occurred in 23% but was unrelated to AP-associated drug use (P > 0.05). In logistic regression analysis, after adjustment for comorbidity, AP-associated drug use was not related to AP severity (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Use of AP-associated drugs is increasingly frequent in @entity1 with AP. However, it does not have any major impact on the observed epidemiological changes in occurrence, severity, or recurrence of AP.

title: Acute XXXX and Use of @entity788 -Associated Drugs: A 10-Year Population-Based Cohort Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['Pancreatitis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To develop a model to predict visual functional improvement after @entity231 extraction with intraocular lens implantation based on preoperative data. DESIGN: A prospective study with serial evaluations of visual function preoperatively and at 3 and 12 months after surgery. SETTING: The General Eye Service of the Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary. Boston, Mass, and 33 ophthalmology practices in Boston. @entity1 : @entity1 (N = 426; ages, > or = 65 years) who were undergoing @entity231 surgery. METHODS: Twelve-month improvement in visual function was measured by using the Activities of Daily Vision Scale (ADVS). Ordinal logistic regression was used to identify correlates of improved ADVS scores in 281 @entity1 (derivative set). Potential factors included the preoperative visual acuity, preoperative ADVS score, four chronic @entity2194 , eight medical conditions, and demographic characteristics. Five predictors were identified and used to construct a prediction rule. The accuracy of the prediction rule was evaluated in an independent group of 145 @entity1 (validation set). RESULTS: Postoperatively, 40% of the 281 @entity1 in the derivative set had substantial improvement in their ADVS scores, and 53 (19%) had some improvement. Predictors of improvement included younger age (P < .001), a poorer preoperative ADVS score (P < .001), posterior subcapsular @entity231 (P = .09), and absence of age-related @entity231 (P = .09), and absence of age-related @entity1020 (P = .07) and/or @entity6 (P = .006). When applied to the independent sample of 145 @entity1 , these five characteristics classified the @entity1 into three groups in which the probabilities of substantial improvement were 85%, 34%, and 3%, thus verifying the discriminatory power of the prediction rule. CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative data can identify @entity1 who are likely to have improvements in visual function after @entity231 surgery. Such findings may be useful in the selection of @entity1 for this high-volume procedure.

title: Prediction of visual function after XXXX surgery. A prospectively validated model.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity2194 :: ('MESH:D005128', 'Disease') :: ['ocular diseases']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

entities_list: @entity1020 :: ('MESH:D008268', 'Disease') :: ['macular degeneration']

answer: @entity231 :: (MESH:D002386,Disease) :: ['cataract']


abstract: PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to clarify the actual condition of elders with @entity303 who were registered in the Seoul @entity303 Management Project. METHODS: Data were collected from 5,312 elderly @entity1 with @entity303 . Demographic included characteristics, comorbidity, and healthy lifestyle habits; data from the Seoul @entity303 Management Project. RESULTS: First, demographic characteristics were as follows; mean age at the time of definite diagnosis was 78.0 yr. There were slightly more @entity1 (69.3%), and 4.55 yr was the average length of education with 41.4% being illiterate or uneducated @entity1 . Second, there were several comorbidities including @entity101 (61.7%), @entity6 (31.8%), @entity1007 (10.2%), @entity299 (11.1%), @entity28 (4.2%), and @entity64 (21.4%). Third, alcoholic history was found in 11.8% of the @entity1 , and smoking in 9.8%. Regular exercise was done by only 29.1% of the @entity1 with @entity303 . Finally, significant differences between @entity1 and @entity1 were found for the following; age, education, medical security, @entity101 , @entity6 , @entity64 , alcoholic consumption, smoking, and regular exercise. CONCLUSION: Authors expect that the present data will be used for establishment of @entity303 associated projects and policies.

title: [Comorbidity and health habits of Seoul city elders with XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1007 :: ('MESH:D006937', 'Disease') :: ['hypercholesterolemia']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['Dementia', 'dementia']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart disease']

answer: @entity303 :: (MESH:D003704,Disease) :: ['dementia']


abstract: Seventy @entity329 were infected with @entity4114 , and 10 uninfected hamsters served as negative controls. Of the schistosome-infected hamsters, 10 served as positive controls (infected but untreated) and the rest (60 hamsters) received treatment. In 30 hamsters treatment was given 9 weeks after @entity281 (before the appearance of @entity12042 ) and in the other 30 it was given after the appearance of @entity527 , 15 weeks after @entity281 . Each treatment group was subdivided into 3 groups (10 hamsters each) in which treatment was either anti-schistosomal alone, combined anti-schistosomal and @entity3812 , or @entity3812 alone. Eighteen weeks after @entity281 half of the animals in each group were sacrificed, while the rest were sacrificed 24 weeks after @entity281 . Kidney specimens were evaluated semiquantitatively for @entity8 . Significant reductions in @entity8 and @entity644 were observed when combined treatment was given. This was nearly complete with early treatment and only partial when treatment was given late. When @entity3812 was given alone, a partial but significant reduction in @entity644 with no recognizable effect on @entity8 was observed. We conclude that @entity3812 is effective for the prevention and cure of schistosome-related @entity12042 in @entity329 .

title: Effect of @entity3812 on @entity4114 -induced XXXX in @entity329 .

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal amyloid deposits']

entities_list: @entity12042 :: ('MESH:C538249', 'Disease') :: ['renal amyloidosis']

entities_list: @entity527 :: ('MESH:D058225', 'Disease') :: ['amyloid deposits']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity4114 :: ('6185', 'Species') :: ['Schistosoma haematobium']

entities_list: @entity329 :: ('10036', 'Species') :: ['Syrian golden hamsters', 'golden hamsters']

entities_list: @entity3812 :: ('MESH:D003078', 'Chemical') :: ['colchicine']

answer: @entity12042 :: (MESH:C538249,Disease) :: ['renal amyloidosis']


abstract: Records of 64 @entity1 with @entity706 of the head and neck area treated at this institution between 1965 and 1982 have been reviewed. Of these cases, 78% had Stage I-EA disease, 20% had Stage II-EA disease, and 2% had Stage III-EA disease. Excluded from this study were @entity1 of the pediatric age, @entity1 with previous chemotherapy and surgery, @entity1 in whom extranodal involvement has been a terminal manifestation of wide-spread disease, and @entity1 with nodal involvement with extension of disease outside the lymph nodes. @entity1 with a histiocytic histology accounted for 63%, 28% were of lymphocytic histologies, 4.5% were of mixed histologies, and in 4.5% a diagnosis of @entity706 or benign lymphocytic proliferation had been made. The paranasal sinuses, nasal cavity, and oral cavity were the most frequent sites of involvement, making up 39% of the cases--with the orbit, central nervous system, nasopharynx, salivary glands, thyroid, skin, and larynx following in that order of frequency. All @entity1 received a definitive course of radiotherapy, except @entity1 with CNS involvement. In no case was chemotherapy given concomitantly with the radiation therapy. One-third of the @entity1 did require chemotherapy at a later time for progression of disease. No @entity1 were lost to follow-up. Seven @entity1 with primaries of the brain were inevaluable for response; however, all @entity1 having visible or palpable @entity5 achieved a complete response (100%), and there was no recurrence or persistent disease in the field of therapy. The next area of disease involvement depended on the site of the primary. Nodal involvement following extranodal disease carried a poor prognosis.

title: XXXX of the head and neck area.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma', 'extranodal lymphoma']

answer: @entity706 :: (MESH:D008223,Disease) :: ['Extranodal lymphoma']


abstract: In @entity1 undergoing aortocoronary bypass operations, extensive monitoring is used for early recognition of complications that may decrease the @entity26 supply of body organs. However, none of the parameters usually monitored during open-heart surgery yield information on the state of @entity26 supply to a certain organ. Particularly during and after extracorporeal circulation (ECC), undetected organ @entity519 may occur and lead to an @entity260 . In order to study whether functionally significant changes in @entity26 supply to skeletal muscle occur during extracorporeal circulation, in 14 @entity1 undergoing aortocoronary bypass operations @entity4095 histograms from local @entity4095 values in resting skeletal muscle were monitored. Intra- and postoperatively, whole-body @entity26 uptake (VO2) and @entity4095 histograms of skeletal muscle were simultaneously measured to determine whether the observed decrease in VO2 during cooling of the @entity1 or the increase in VO2 during rewarming was reflected in the distribution of tissue @entity4095 in skeletal muscle. @entity1 AND METHODS. Fourteen @entity1 (aged 42 to 68; 12 male, 2 female) scheduled for 2-4 aortocoronary venous bypass grafts were studied. Measuring periods of 6 min were undertaken after induction of anesthesia (1), after thoracotomy (2), during ECC (3), after ECC (2), and every hour postoperatively up to 5 h. The following data were measured during each period: @entity4095 histograms of the biceps brachii muscle using a @entity4095 histograph VO2 using open indirect calorimetry; arterial (a. radialis) and venous (v. cava superior) blood gases, acid-base balances, and blood pressures; venous @entity880 (v. cava superior); muscle and rectal temperatures. RESULTS. During ECC mean muscle @entity4095 in all 14 @entity1 decreased from 25 to 14 mmHg. In 7 of 14 @entity1 @entity4095 values between 0 and 5 mmHg had the highest incidence (left-shifted @entity4095 histograms). After ECC mean muscle @entity4095 increased to the same value observed before ECC (25 mmHg). During the first 3 h postoperatively an intermediate decrease in mean muscle @entity4095 (range 23%-46%) occurred in each @entity1 . Stable values above 20 mmHg were reattained 4 h postoperatively. The postoperative increase in individual @entity4962 was correlated to the increase in body temperature (r = 0.84); in 5 @entity1 with severe shivering, VO2 was markedly increased (up to 130% compared to the last intraoperative value).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: [Monitoring the XXXX supply of skeletal muscle and total @entity26 uptake in coronary surgery interventions].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['increase in postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

answer: @entity26 :: (MESH:D010100,Chemical) :: ['oxygen']


abstract: The interaction of apolipoprotein (apo) E-free high-density lipoprotein (HDL) with parenchymal, endothelial and Kupffer cells from liver was characterized. At 10 min after injection of radiolabelled HDL into @entity35 , 1.0 +/- 0.1% of the radioactivity was associated with the liver. Subfractionation of the liver into parenchymal, endothelial and Kupffer cells, by a low-temperature cell-isolation procedure, indicated that 77.8 +/- 2.4% of the total liver-associated radioactivity was recovered with parenchymal cells, 10.8 +/- 0.8% with endothelial cells and 11.3 +/- 1.7% with Kupffer cells. It can be concluded that inside the liver a substantial part of HDL becomes associated with endothelial and Kupffer cells in addition to parenchymal cells. With freshly isolated parenchymal, endothelial and Kupffer cells the binding properties for @entity12217 -free HDL were determined. For parenchymal, endothelial and Kupffer cells, evidence was obtained for a saturable, specific, high-affinity binding site with Kd and Bmax. values respectively in the ranges 10-20 micrograms of HDL/ml and 25-50 ng of HDL/mg of cell protein. In all three cell types nitrosylated HDL and low-density lipoproteins did not compete for the binding of native HDL, indicating that lipids and apo B are not involved in specific @entity12217 -free HDL binding. Very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL), however, did compete for HDL binding. The competition of VLDL with @entity12217 -free HDL could not be explained by label exchange or by transfer of radioactive lipids or apolipoproteins between HDL and VLDL, and it is therefore suggested that competition is exerted by the presence of apo Cs in VLDL. The results presented here provide evidence for a high-affinity recognition site for HDL on parenchymal, liver endothelial and Kupffer cells, with identical recognition properties on the three cell types. HDL is expected to deliver @entity165 from peripheral cells, including endothelial and Kupffer cells, to the liver hepatocytes, where @entity165 can be converted into @entity3645 and thereby irreversibly removed from the circulation. The observed identical recognition properties of the HDL high-affinity site on liver parenchymal, endothelial and Kupffer cells suggest that one receptor may mediate both @entity165 efflux and @entity165 influx, and that the regulation of this bidirectional @entity165 ( @entity13507 ) flux lies beyond the initial binding of HDL to the receptor.

title: Interaction in vivo and in vitro of @entity12217 -free high-density lipoprotein with parenchymal, endothelial and Kupffer cells from XXXX liver.

entities_list: @entity3645 :: ('MESH:D001647', 'Chemical') :: ['bile acids']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: PURPOSE: To use first-pass perfusion and delayed-enhanced (DE) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging for the detection of the early effects of coronary microembolization on myocardial perfusion and viability. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Approval was obtained from the institutional committee on animal research. A hybrid x-ray and MR imaging system was used to guide the endovascular catheter and quantify the left anterior descending coronary artery ( @entity3980 ) perfusion territory before microembolization and ischemic myocardium and microinfarction after microembolization. The embolic agent was selectively delivered in the @entity3980 in six @entity1707 . First-pass perfusion MR imaging was performed 1 hour and 1 week after microembolization. Microinfarction was measured on DE MR images in beating and nonbeating hearts (high-spatial-resolution sequence) by using extracellular and blood pool MR contrast media and after @entity204 . The Wilcoxon signed rank test and correlation analysis were used. RESULTS: The @entity3980 perfusion territory was 35% of left ventricular (LV) mass +/- 2 (standard error of the mean). Microembolization caused perfusion deficit in 15.7% of LV mass +/- 2.6 compared with that of @entity3980 territory (P = .03). At 1 week, perfusion parameters improved and the extent of hypoperfused territory declined (4.6% of LV mass +/- 1.4, P = .03). Microinfarction size expanded from 1.4% of LV mass +/- 0.2 at 1 hour to 7.5% of LV mass +/- 1.2 at 1 week. In nonbeating hearts and at @entity5045 staining at 1 week, microinfarction size was 7.6% of LV mass +/- 1.4 and 7.2% of LV mass +/- 1.5, respectively. There was no correlation between the ejection fraction and the extents of microinfarction or hypoperfused territory. Histopathologic findings confirmed the presence of patchy microinfarction. CONCLUSION: Coronary microembolization caused persistent decline in myocardial perfusion at first-pass perfusion imaging. DE MR imaging has the potential to help reliably quantify subacute microinfarction. The magnitude of @entity1002 is not related to the extents of microinfarction or hypoperfused territory.

title: Myocardial microinfarction after coronary microembolization in XXXX : MR imaging characterization.

entities_list: @entity5045 :: ('MESH:C009591', 'Chemical') :: ['triphenyltetrazolium chloride']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['LV dysfunction']

answer: @entity1707 :: (9823,Species) :: ['swine']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Determine the prevalence of @entity1897 in @entity2631 . METHODS: The prevalence of length dependent @entity1897 was rigorously assessed using signs and symptoms of @entity16 derived from the @entity16 ( @entity16 ), and standardized nerve conduction study (NCS). All subjects underwent @entity16 and NCS. Those who were symptomatic or had NCS evidence of @entity1897 underwent laboratory evaluation for secondary causes of @entity16 . RESULTS: 130 subjects were approached for participation and 60 enrolled. Of the 60 subjects, 50 (83.3%) were female, 37(61.7%) were of the limited cutaneous subtype. The mean age was 55        11.1 years and mean disease duration was 15.3        10.1 years. A total of 17 of 60 (28%) had evidence of a @entity1897 as defined by the presence of @entity1109 on the @entity16 (12 of 60) and/or electrophysiologic evidence of @entity16 (5 subjects with @entity1109 and 5 without @entity1109 ). Subjects with @entity16 were more likely to be male (60% vs. 40%, p=0.02), African-American (41% vs. 4.6%, p=0.001), have @entity6 (17.7% vs 0%, p=0.02), have limited cutaneous @entity2631 (82.3% vs. 53.5%, p=0.04), and have anti- @entity8107 antibodies (23.5% vs 0%, p=0.009) than those without @entity16 . A potential non- @entity2631 etiology for the @entity1897 such as @entity6 was found in 82.3% (14/17) of subjects with @entity16 . CONCLUSION: While symptoms or objective evidence of @entity1897 are common among @entity1 with @entity2631 , the cause may often be attributed to co-morbid non- @entity2631 related conditions. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Symptomatic and electrodiagnostic features of @entity1897 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['Total Neuropathy Score', 'neuropathy', 'TNS']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathic symptoms']

entities_list: @entity2631 :: ('MESH:D012594', 'Disease') :: ['scleroderma']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral neuropathy']

answer: @entity2631 :: (MESH:D012594,Disease) :: ['scleroderma']


abstract: Enhanced level of soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) level has been associated with activation of the immune system. It may be a novel biomarker for @entity55 severity, yet data on this subject are limited. In the present study we seek to determine the suPAR level in hospitalized @entity1 with @entity497 ( @entity497 ), its correlation with @entity55 severity, and to compare the suPAR level between @entity55 and healthy conditions. The study encompassed a total of 596 @entity1 : 447 with @entity55 and 119 healthy. suPAR was measured in 227 out of the 447 @entity55 @entity1 and in all healthy subjects. We used clinical indicators (fever, time for defeverscence, @entity299 rate, saturation, and length of antibiotic treatment and of hospitalization) and laboratory indicators (CRP, @entity1904 , white blood cell count, and @entity1372 ) to assess the @entity497 severity. The finding were that the suPAR concentration in @entity1 with @entity55 was significantly higher (median 7.11 ng/mL) than in healthy individuals (4.68 ng/mL). We found a positive correlation between the suPAR and the following factors: fever, time for defeverscence, length of hospital stay, and elevated CRP and @entity1904 levels. There was a reverse correlation with @entity1372 concentration and capillary blood saturation. Moreover, the suPAR level was significantly higher in @entity1 with a severe course of @entity55 compared with those having non-severe @entity55 (7.79 vs. 6.87 ng/mL p = 0.006). In conclusion, suPAR elevation is observed in @entity55 and may reflect its severity.

title: Soluble Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Receptor: An Indicator of Pneumonia Severity in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity1904 :: ('MESH:C029100', 'Chemical') :: ['procalcitonin']

entities_list: @entity497 :: ('MESH:D003147', 'Disease') :: ['CAP', 'community-acquired pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart and breath']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Children']


abstract: PURPOSE: For locally unresectable @entity157 ( @entity157 ) @entity1 , concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) has been applied as a loco-regional treatment. After shrinkage of @entity5 in selected @entity1 , surgical resection is performed. The aim of this study was to evaluate prognostic factors and long-term survivors in such @entity1 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: From January 2000 to January 2009, 264 @entity1 with @entity157 were treated with CCRT (45 Gy with fractional dose of 1.8 Gy), and intra-arterial chemotherapy was administered during radiotherapy. Eighteen of these @entity1 (6.8%) underwent hepatic resection after showing a response to CCRT. Cases were considered resectable when @entity5 -free margins and sufficient remnant volumes were obtained without extrahepatic @entity3 . Prior to operation, there were six @entity1 with complete remission, 11 with partial remission, and six with stable disease according to modified Response Evaluation Criteria in @entity5 . RESULTS: In pathologic review, four @entity1 (22.2%) showed total @entity39 and seven @entity1 (38.9%) showed 70-99% @entity39 . A high level of @entity39 (>= 80%) was correlated with low risk for extrahepatic @entity3 and long-term survival. In univariate analyses, vessel invasion and capsular infiltration were significantly correlated with disease free survival (DFS) (p=0.017 and 0.013, respectively), and vessel invasion was significantly correlated with @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) (p=0.013). In multivariate analyses, capsule infiltration was a significant factor for DFS (p=0.016) and vessel invasion was significant for @entity1349 (p=0.015). CONCLUSION: CCRT showed favorable responses and locally advanced @entity157 converted into resectable @entity5 after CCRT in selected @entity1 . Long-term survivors showed the pathological features of near total @entity39 , as well as negative capsule and vessel invasion.

title: Concurrent chemoradiotherapy shows long-term survival after conversion from locally advanced to XXXX .

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Solid Tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'hepatocellular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['resectable hepatocellular carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Basic and clinical research support the hypothesis that activation of the coagulation and @entity32 pathways may affect @entity5 onset, but there is limited epidemiological data to support this. METHODS: We examined a large range of haemostatic and @entity32 markers, including @entity2002 , in 19 303 male @entity1 from three English cohorts followed for up to 30 years. After excluding the first 3 years of follow-up, 2908 incident @entity5 were accrued. Competing risk models were fitted to estimate rate ratios (RRs) for @entity5 incidence, adjusting for age and other confounders. RESULTS: Baseline white blood cell (WBC) count and circulating levels of @entity2002 , C-reactive protein (CRP), factor VII antigen (VIIa) and prothrombin fragment @entity6343 were positively associated with risk of smoking-related @entity5 , @entity2 . The magnitude of these associations was highest for persistently raised @entity2002 levels. There was, however, substantial confounding by smoking with risk being fully (WBC, CRP and VIIa) or partially ( @entity2002 ) removed after adjustment. The pooled RRs (95% confidence interval) per one standard deviation increase in @entity2002 levels before and after adjustment for smoking habits were 1.23 (1.12, 1.36) and 1.12 (1.05, 1.20), respectively. The @entity2002 associations were present only among current smokers at entry. The effect of smoking on smoking-related @entity5 was partly mediated by @entity2002 levels. CONCLUSIONS: Our results are consistent with elevated circulating levels of @entity2002 and @entity6343 being predictors of risk of smoking-related @entity5 . Further research is necessary to clarify whether elevated levels of @entity2002 and @entity6343 are causally relevant or simply correlates of the smoking- @entity5 association.

title: Circulating levels of coagulation and @entity32 markers and @entity5 risks: individual XXXX analysis of data from three long-term cohorts.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['particularly lung cancer']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['participant']


abstract: 57 morbidly @entity28 @entity1 were randomized and operated upon with @entity356 ( @entity356 ) or gastroplasty (GPL). The @entity1 were followed for three years. @entity356 had a slightly higher early complication rate but a significantly (p less than 0.001) greater @entity353 . @entity356 lost 42.3 +/- 10.9 kg after one year and 38.4 +/- 12.3 kg after three years compared to 29.9 +/- 10.0 kg one year and 24.7 +/- 13.1 kg three years after GPL. No @entity356 but 10 GPL @entity1 were reoperated upon due to failure to lose or to maintain lost weight. An endoscopic method was developed for postoperative measurement of stoma diameter. Use of this method showed no significant difference in stoma diameter between @entity356 and GPL. A correlation between @entity353 and stoma diameter was found one year after GPL but not after @entity356 . Also a correlation between peroperative pouch volume and @entity353 was seen after GPL but not after @entity356 . The two methods differed in emptying rate of a semi-solid test meal from the upper gastric pouch. For both methods the energy intake was highly reduced postoperatively, but significantly more after @entity356 . For a number of nutrients the intake was below minimum recommended levels. Fat cell weight was reduced postoperatively, most pronounced for the abdominal regions and least for the femoral-gluteal regions. The reduction was also significantly more pronounced after @entity356 than after GPL. Calculated fat cell number was significantly reduced after both methods. It is concluded that the effect on body weight of GPL and @entity356 cannot be explained by the same mode of action. In GPL mechanical fractures such as pouch volume and stoma size are of great importance, which is in accordance with earlier theories. In contrast to this, the results of @entity356 cannot be satisfactorily explained by such mechanical factors and additional mechanisms, probably of neuro-endocrinologic origin, must be sought for.

title: Gastric bypass versus gastroplasty. A prospective study of differences in two surgical procedures for morbid XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['GBY', 'gastric bypass']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obesity']


abstract: One hundred twenty cases of @entity4282 without intradural lesion treated between 1975 and 1983 to which CT scan was available, were presented. Mortality rate was 1.7% and morbidity rate was 6.7%. In all cases of @entity4282 including with and without intradural lesion in the same term (164 cases), mortality and morbidity rate were 7.3 and 10.4% respectively. Ninety five cases were male and 25 cases were female. @entity130 were falls from a height (42 cases, 35%), traffic accident (41 cases, 34%), and falls at ground level (24 cases, 20%). The site of @entity1410 in 120 cases of 128 @entity1410 were frontal (17 cases, 13%), temporoparietal (74 cases, 58%), @entity1653 (4 cases, 3%), middle fossa (8 cases, 6%), occipital (16 cases, 13%) and posterior fossa (9 cases, 7%). @entity174 were shown in 109 cases out of 120 cases on skull X-P and @entity308 were 12 cases. Those which showed no @entity174 on skull X-P, revealed slow growth of @entity1410 and delayed onset of clinical signs and were mainly @entity1 . Seven operated cases of @entity4282 does not show fractures on skull X-P nor initial unconscious. Clinical course of disturbance of consciousness were divided in five types as follows; I. no unconsciousness (22 cases, 18%), II. latent interval (17 cases, 14%), III. primary but no secondary unconsciousness (29 cases, 24%), IV. lucid interval (22 cases, 18%), V. unconscious throughout (16 cases, 14%) and unknown (14 cases, 12%). Cases which Glasgow @entity772 Scale Score were over 7 showed good recovery in Glasgow Outcome Scale.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Epidural XXXX without intradural lesions--clinical study of 120 cases].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity4282 :: ('MESH:D046748', 'Disease') :: ['epidural hematoma']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressed fractures']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['Fractures', 'fracture']

entities_list: @entity1653 :: ('MESH:D008579', 'Disease') :: ['parasagittal']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['Causes of injury']

answer: @entity1410 :: (MESH:D006406,Disease) :: ['hematoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: A higher plasma @entity1369 -renin ratio (ARR) is an established marker for screening for @entity1368 ( @entity1368 ). The association between higher ARR and mortality in a general population has not been fully explored. We here examined whether higher ARR is a risk factor for total and cause-specific mortality in a Japanese population. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A population-based, longitudinal study of 1,310 Japanese individuals (age: 63  9      9  8  years) enrolled in the Takahata study between 2004 and 2006 and followed for up to 8  years. The incidence and causes of @entity204 were monitored annually until 10 January 2012 (median follow-up: 2691  days). RESULTS: During the follow-up period, 64 subjects died. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed a significantly increased risk for total and @entity5 mortality in subjects with lower ARR (log-rank P  <  0  001). Cox's proportional hazard model analyses with adjustment for age and gender showed that lower ARR was associated with increased total and @entity5 mortality in subjects with low (   72) vs high (>72) ARR (hazard ratios and 95% confidential intervals: 2  56, 1  44-4  56 and 2  78, 1  16-6  65, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Lower ARR was a significant and independent risk factor for increased total and @entity5 mortality in this Japanese population. Subjects with higher ARR were not-at-risk for total @entity204 in general. These findings increase the necessity for identifying @entity1 with @entity1368 from those with higher ARR. @entity1 with higher ARR without @entity1368 may be at very low risk for total and @entity5 @entity204 .

title: Lower @entity1369 -renin ratio is a risk factor for total and XXXX @entity204 in Japanese individuals: the Takahata study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['people', 'People']

entities_list: @entity1369 :: ('MESH:D000450', 'Chemical') :: ['aldosterone']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity1368 :: ('MESH:D006929', 'Disease') :: ['PA', 'primary aldosteronism']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: 1. In 43 @entity21948 divided into three groups (Group A, 3-8-month-old @entity291 ; Group B, 18-month-7-year-old young bison; Group C, 12-24-year-old bison) the rectal, humerus region and abdomen region temperatures were measured. 2. The experiments were carried out in winter months, from mid-December to mid-March. 3. The mean rectal temperatures changed from 38.55 degrees C in @entity291 to 38.15 degrees C in the oldest bison. 4. The mean temperatures of the humerus region changed from 20.69 degrees C in @entity291 to 21.49 degrees C in older bison. 5. The mean temperatures of the abdomen region changed from 20.79 degrees C in @entity291 to 22.17 degrees C in older bison (Gr. B). 6. The cluster analysis divided the bison into four groups named hot, warm, cool and cold bison. 7. Only air temperature measured 2 m above the ground and snow cover influenced the integrated bison temperature. Age, sex and mass as well as some environmental factors had no influence. 8. Measurements made 1 to nearly 4 hr after a bison's death showed a drop in rectal temperature and mostly increases in temperatures of the humerus and abdomen regions.

title: Influence of environmental factors on the deep and skin temperature in the @entity21948 , XXXX (L.).

entities_list: @entity21948 :: ('9902', 'Species') :: ['European bison']

answer: @entity21948 :: (9902,Species) :: ['Bison bonasus']


abstract: Using a @entity35 lung model, we sought to characterize the time course for @entity63 -reperfusion injury and the role of neutrophils in the development of injury. Adult male Long-Evans @entity35 underwent left thoracotomy with dissection and clamping of the left pulmonary artery, bronchus, and vein for 90 min, resulting in @entity63 . The lungs were then ventilated and reperfused for up to 4 hr. Time-matched sham animals underwent the identical thoracotomy and hilar dissection, but the lungs were not rendered @entity63 . Using vascular permeability of 125I-labeled bovine serum @entity21787 as a measure of reperfusion injury, a bimodal pattern of injury was observed. Compared to sham controls, animals undergoing @entity63 -reperfusion demonstrated a significant early phase of @entity651 at 30 min of reperfusion (P < 0.0001), followed by partial recovery. A second peak of @entity651 was noted after 4 hr of reperfusion (P < 0.001). @entity1589 activity in reperfused lung tissue, a measure of neutrophil sequestration, increased during the reperfusion time course. To determine the role of neutrophils in the development of lung reperfusion injury, additional animals undergoing the identical @entity63 -reperfusion protocol received either rabbit anti-rat neutrophil serum or preimmune serum the day prior to operation. Profound @entity1398 (< 75/mm3 blood) was confirmed by differential leukocyte counts. @entity1398 had no protective effect against microvascular permeability at 30 min of reperfusion, but there was a significant @entity651 at 4 hr (P < 0.005). We conclude that, during @entity63 -reperfusion, there is a bimodal pattern of injury, consisting of both neutrophil-independent and neutrophil-mediated events.

title: Pattern of injury and the role of neutrophils in reperfusion injury of XXXX lung.

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['complete left lung ischemia', 'lung ischemia', 'ischemia', 'ischemic']

entities_list: @entity651 :: ('MESH:D055370', 'Disease') :: ['reduction in lung injury', 'lung injury']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['Neutropenia', 'neutropenia']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: @entity3284 resistance is gradually acquired through several mechanisms. In particular, chromosomal mutations in the genes encoding topoisomerases II and IV and increased expression of the multidrug efflux pump AcrAB-TolC are the most common mechanisms. In this study, multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) protocols were designed for high-throughput sequencing of the @entity1536 resistance determining regions of topoisomerases genes (gyrA, parC and parE) and/or the expression regulation systems of multidrug efflux pump AcrAB (acrRAB, marRAB and soxSR). These protocols were applied to sequence samples from five subpopulations of 103 clinical @entity526 isolates. These subpopulations were classified according to their @entity5553 susceptibility pattern as follows: highly resistant (HR), resistant (R), intermediate (I), reduced susceptibility (RS) and susceptible (S). All HR isolates had mutations in the six genes surveyed, with two 'supermutator' isolates harboring 13 mutations in these six genes. Strong associations were observed between mutations in acrR and HR isolates, parE and R/HR isolates and parC and I/R/HR isolates, whereas surprisingly, gyrA mutations were common in RS/I/R/HR isolates. Further investigation revealed that strong associations were limited to the triple mutations gyrA- @entity21131 / @entity21132 / @entity21133 and HR isolates and the double mutations @entity21131 / @entity21132 and I/R/HR isolates, whereas the single mutation @entity21131 was common in RS/I/R/HR isolates. Interestingly, two novel mutations (gyrA- @entity21133 and acrR- @entity21134 ) were located and found to strongly associate with HR isolates. To the best of our knowledge, the gyrA- @entity21133 and acrR- @entity21134 mutations have never been reported and require further investigation to determine their exact role in resistance or 'fitness' as defined by their ability to compensate for the organismal cost of gaining resistance.

title: 'Supermutators' found amongst highly XXXX -resistant @entity526 isolates: a rapid protocol for the detection of mutation sites.

entities_list: @entity3284 :: ('D024841', 'Chemical') :: ['Fluoroquinolone']

entities_list: @entity21131 :: ('p|SUB|S|83|L', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['S83L']

entities_list: @entity21132 :: ('p|SUB|D|87|N', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['D87N']

entities_list: @entity5553 :: ('D064704', 'Chemical') :: ['levofloxacin']

entities_list: @entity21134 :: ('p|SUB|V|29|G', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['V29G']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

entities_list: @entity1536 :: ('CHEBI:23765', 'Chemical') :: ['quinolone']

answer: @entity5553 :: (D064704,Chemical) :: ['levofloxacin']


abstract: PURPOSE: The authors analyzed the actual length of use of commercially available 5-ml bottles of 0.5% @entity6839 (Timoptic) and 0.5% @entity8412 (Betagan) among @entity1 who routinely use topical beta-blockers (1 drop twice daily in both eyes) for @entity726 treatment. METHODS: @entity1 were randomized to receive two 5-ml bottles of either @entity6839 or @entity8412 in a double-blind fashion. The @entity1 used the drops independently and the bottles in sequence. The dates were recorded when each of the two 5-ml bottles were used. Sixty @entity1 were enrolled, 15 were excluded from the study, and the data from the remaining 45 were analyzed. RESULTS: There was a 21% greater length of use per 5-ml bottle among @entity1 who were randomized to 0.5% @entity6839 (36.6 +/- 10.4 days) compared with 0.5% @entity8412 (28.9 +/- 8.1 days) (P = 0.009). The length of use of the first bottle versus the second bottle was compared and was found not to be significantly different in either group. There was no statistical difference in intraocular pressure control among @entity1 before and after the study. CONCLUSION: There is a markedly greater length of use of the 5-ml bottle of @entity6839 compared with the 5-ml bottle of @entity8412 . The difference is believed to be due to the configuration of the @entity8412 's bottle tip and the vehicle used to deliver the drug. The data may be extrapolated to a substantial @entity1 savings and should be considered in prescription recommendations.

title: A comparison of @entity6839 and XXXX . Length of use per 5-ml bottle.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity8412 :: ('MESH:D002040', 'Chemical') :: ['levobunolol']

entities_list: @entity6839 :: ('MESH:D013999', 'Chemical') :: ['timolol maleate', 'timolol']

answer: @entity8412 :: (MESH:D002040,Chemical) :: ['levobunolol']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To report a @entity1 with intolerance to @entity2379 reversed by preparing the antifungal in fat emulsion 20% and to review the medical literature on innovative formulations of @entity2379 . CASE SUMMARY: A 51-year-old @entity1 diagnosed with @entity3052 was treated with standard induction chemotherapy. Empiric antibiotic therapy was initiated 2 days postchemotherapy; however, the @entity1 continued to be febrile until day 7. At this time @entity2379 35 mg/250 mL D5W over 4 hours was administered. Despite premedication, the @entity1 experienced severe @entity5084 , chills, and @entity221 . As the result of continuing infusion-related adverse events, the @entity1 refused further therapy after the third daily dose. In an attempt to reduce the infusion-related events, a trial of @entity2379 35 mg/35 mL of fat emulsion 20% was administered over 2 hours after @entity1 consent was obtained. Premedication was administered and the @entity1 tolerated therapy without adverse events. @entity2379 dosage escalations to 50 and 70 mg were tolerated similarly. During this treatment the @entity1 became afebrile and the serum @entity1011 concentration decreased to normal. DISCUSSION: Despite significant @entity137 and the development of newer antifungal agents, @entity2379 remains the drug of choice for the empiric coverage of suspected @entity364 in @entity1398 @entity1 . @entity2379 often exacerbates the nephrotoxicity of other agents characteristically prescribed in these @entity1 . Furthermore, infusion-related events, if not intolerable, can dramatically reduce the @entity1 's quality of life. For these reasons, novel means of @entity2379 administration are being explored. CONCLUSIONS: The delivery of @entity2379 in a lipid diluent may have substantial benefit in reducing the nephrotoxicity and infusion-related events associated with the antifungal. Prospective clinical trial comparing lipid-complexed @entity2379 with liposomal and approved formulations of @entity2379 are essential to define potential differences in @entity137 and efficacy.

title: @entity2379 XXXX reduced by administration in fat emulsion.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity2379 :: ('MESH:D000666', 'Chemical') :: ['amphotericin B', 'Amphotericin B']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute myelogenous leukemia']

entities_list: @entity364 :: ('MESH:D009181', 'Disease') :: ['fungal infection']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenic']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

answer: @entity137 :: (MESH:D064420,Disease) :: ['toxicity']


abstract: @entity369 and @entity376 methylation are widespread protein post-translational modifications. Peptides containing these modifications are difficult to retain using traditional reversed-phase liquid chromatography because they are intrinsically basic/hydrophilic and often fragment poorly during @entity1949 ( @entity1949 ). Therefore, they are difficult to analyze using standard proteomic workflows. To overcome these caveats, we performed peptide separations at neutral pH, resulting in increased retention of the hydrophilic/basic methylated peptides before identification using @entity15 / @entity15 . Alternatively @entity6146 ( @entity13799 ) was used for increased trapping of methylated peptides. @entity10208 ( @entity10208 ) mass spectrometry was then used to identify and characterize methylated residues. In contrast to previous reports utilizing @entity10208 for @entity369 methylation, we observed significant amount of side-chain @entity1949 . Using heavy @entity5498 stable isotope labeling with @entity1522 in cell culture it was shown that, similar to @entity1949 , a loss of @entity8776 or @entity9903 from the @entity369 methylated side-chain during @entity10208 can be used as a diagnostic to determine the type of @entity369 methylation. @entity1949 of @entity376 methylated peptides does not lead to significant neutral losses, but @entity10208 is still beneficial because of the high charge states of such peptides. The developed LC @entity15 / @entity15 methods were successfully applied to tryptic digests of a number of methylated proteins, including splicing factor @entity1521 - @entity1160 -rich protein ( @entity14431 ), RNA and export factor-binding protein 2 (REF2-I) and Sul7D, demonstrating significant advantages over traditional LC @entity15 / @entity15 approaches.

title: Analysis of XXXX and @entity376 methylation utilizing peptide separations at neutral pH and electron transfer dissociation mass spectrometry.

entities_list: @entity6146 :: ('MESH:D014269', 'Chemical') :: ['trifluoroacetic acid']

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity1949 :: ('MESH:D012892', 'Disease') :: ['CID', 'fragmentation', 'collision induced fragmentation']

entities_list: @entity1160 :: ('CHEBI:28300', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamine']

entities_list: @entity9903 :: ('MESH:C034516', 'Chemical') :: ['dimethylamine']

entities_list: @entity10208 :: ('MESH:D054069', 'Disease') :: ['Electron-transfer dissociation', 'ETD']

entities_list: @entity376 :: ('CHEBI:25094', 'Chemical') :: ['lysine']

entities_list: @entity1521 :: ('CHEBI:26271', 'Chemical') :: ['proline']

entities_list: @entity8776 :: ('MESH:C027451', 'Chemical') :: ['monomethylamine']

entities_list: @entity369 :: ('CHEBI:29016', 'Chemical') :: ['arginine', 'Arginine']

answer: @entity369 :: (CHEBI:29016,Chemical) :: ['arginine']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study was to evaluate differences in the ultimate @entity174 resistance of @entity702 and zirconia abutments. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty @entity702 fixtures were embedded in 20 resin mandible section simulators to @entity737 . The embedded implants were then randomly divided into two groups. Afterwards, specimens in group A (n=10) were connected to @entity702 abutments (TiDesign    3.5/4.0, 5.5, 1.5 mm), while specimens in group B (n=10) were connected to zirconia abutments (ZirDesign     3.5/4.0, 5.5, 1.5 mm). Both groups were loaded to failure in a dynamometric testing machine. Fractured samples were then analyzed by @entity4653 ( @entity4653 ). RESULTS: Group A showed a significantly higher @entity174 strength than that observed in group B. Group A failures were observed at the screw that connects the abutment with the implant while the abutment connection hexagons were plastically bent by the applied load. Group B failures were a result of abutment fractures. @entity4653 analysis showed that in group A the screw failure was driven by crack nucleation, coalescence and propagation, while in group B, the @entity4653 analysis of failed surfaces showed the conchoidal @entity174 profile characteristic of brittle materials. CONCLUSIONS: The strength of both tested systems is adequate to resist physiologic chewing forces in the @entity2651 . Conversely, the @entity702 and zirconia failure modes evaluated here occurred at unphysiological loads. In addition, because the abutments were tested without crowns, the presented data have limited direct transfer to the clinical situation.

title: Influence of abutment material on the XXXX strength and failure modes of abutment-fixture assemblies when loaded in a bio-faithful simulation.

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity2651 :: ('MESH:D000848', 'Disease') :: ['premolar area']

entities_list: @entity737 :: ('MESH:D057873', 'Disease') :: ['mimic osseointegrated implants in the premolar area']

entities_list: @entity702 :: ('MESH:D014025', 'Chemical') :: ['titanium']

entities_list: @entity4653 :: ('MESH:D004401', 'Disease') :: ['SEM', 'scanning electron microscopy']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['fracture']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The primary aim of this paper was to assess the relevance of high-frequency ultra-sound examination in qualifying @entity1 for either surgical or conservative treatment of @entity1897 . The study was conducted in a group of 55 @entity1 aged 7-83 (mean age 43.6), including 28 males and 27 females, who in 2009-2011 were referred to an ultrasound examination due to a clinical suspicion of @entity16 . For the purposes of the analysis, the @entity1 were divided into four groups: @entity923 (1), ulnar nerve entrapment (2) ( @entity7769 and @entity8898 ), posterior @entity129 (3) and other @entity16 (4). The cases of isolated idiopathic @entity923 were excluded from the analysis. All @entity1 underwent the interview, physical examination and ultrasound examination. Ultrasound examinations were performed with Esaote MyLab 50 and MyLab 60 systems using high-frequency broadband linear transducers: 6-18 MHz. Sixty-seven percent of @entity1 (37 @entity1 ) underwent a neurophysiological test. Nerve echostructure, its @entity450 as well as nerve cross-sectional area or, in the case of small nerves, diameter were assessed in all @entity1 . Furthermore, the following were assessed in individual groups: notch sign in group 1, nerve instability in a dynamic ultrasound examination in group 2, nerve angulation in a dynamic ultrasound examination and @entity2850 at the site of the visualized pathology in group 3. The analyses of the collected material were performed by means of descriptive statistics. The results of clinical and surgical verification were consistent with ultrasound findings in 96.4%. The results indicate that high-frequency ultrasonography is a valuable method in qualifying @entity1 for various types of treatment of @entity1897 resulting from compression.

title: Assessment of the utility of ultrasonography with high-frequency transducers in the diagnosis of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity129 :: ('MESH:D003389', 'Disease') :: ['interosseous nerve syndrome']

entities_list: @entity8898 :: ('MESH:D017769', 'Disease') :: ["Guyon's canal syndrome"]

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['entrapment neuropathies']

entities_list: @entity7769 :: ('MESH:D020430', 'Disease') :: ['cubital tunnel syndrome']

entities_list: @entity450 :: ('MESH:D006940', 'Disease') :: ['hyperemia']

entities_list: @entity2850 :: ('MESH:D009408', 'Disease') :: ['tenderness on nerve compression']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral entrapment neuropathies', 'peripheral neuropathies']

entities_list: @entity923 :: ('MESH:D002349', 'Disease') :: ['carpal tunnel syndrome']

answer: @entity16 :: (MESH:D009422,Disease) :: ['entrapment neuropathies']


abstract: To ascertain relationships between modes of @entity204 and various pathological parameters in @entity1121 ( @entity1121 ), quantitative analysis of the disarray, @entity82 , and size of myocytes was performed in 22 autopsied subjects with @entity1121 . According to mode of @entity204 , the subjects were categorized as three groups; (1) a @entity944 group (10 @entity1 ), (2) a @entity712 group (7 @entity1 ) and (3) a control group (5 @entity1 ). The group consisted of @entity1 with @entity1121 who were over 55 years old and who died of other diseases (e.g., @entity5 3) or from accidents. The hearts were fixed in 10% @entity406 and sectioned from the base to the apex at 1 cm intervals. A section with maximal septal @entity1184 was histologically examined. The histologic findings in the interventricular septum (VS) and the left ventricular free wall (FW) were quantitatively analyzed using an image analyzer (Olympus @entity15587 ). The extents of @entity82 and disarray were greater in the @entity944 group ( @entity82 : VS/FW = 16 + 3/11 + 5%, disarray: VS/FW = 58 + 18/32 + 17%) than in the control group ( @entity82 : VS/FW = 7 + 2/6 + 4%; disarray: VS/FW = 24 + 7/8 + 6%), but there were no significant differences in the various parameters of @entity1184 (heart weight, wall thickness, degree of @entity14087 and size of myocytes) between these two groups. The @entity712 group consisted of four hearts with dilated LV cavities and two hearts with small LV cavities. The former showed extensive replacement @entity82 (VS/FW = 37 + 7/25 + 5%) and disarray of residual myocytes (VS/FW = 20 + 16/14 + 6%).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [ XXXX : mode of @entity204 and pathological findings].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity944 :: ('MESH:D003645', 'Disease') :: ['sudden death']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity406 :: ('MESH:D005557', 'Chemical') :: ['formalin']

entities_list: @entity1121 :: ('MESH:D002312', 'Disease') :: ['HCM', 'hypertrophic cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity14087 :: ('MESH:C566005', 'Disease') :: ['asymmetric septal hypertrophy']

answer: @entity1121 :: (MESH:D002312,Disease) :: ['Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy']


abstract: A 4-year-old @entity1 with suprasellar @entity145 was reported. At the age of 30-month-old his aunt was aware of his squint. During the observation by ophthalmologists from the age of 1y. to 3y., enlargement of the head and @entity227 were manifested. Cranial CT scan revealed the enlargement of the ventricular system and a round low density area located superior to the sella. Absorption coefficient of the lesion was similar to that of the cerebrospinal fluid. No abnormal contrast enhancement was seen. Examination revealed the head circumference of 53.3 cm larger than doubled standard deviation, the right external strabismus, @entity227 (R:0.03, L:0.3) and @entity1952 but no other neurological signs. Cerebral angiography showed suprasellar @entity66 . After the ventriculography with water-soluble contrast medium, V-P shunt operation was performed and then the @entity1 was transferred to the CT room. CSF enhanced CT scan showed no communication between the ventricles and the cyst. By frontotemporal approach, microsurgical removal of the cystwall was performed and the histological diagnosis was arachnoid membrane. Several days after the operation, bilateral subdural effusion was seen on CT scan and was treated with bilateral S-P shunt and the removal of V-P shunt. Follow up CT scan disclosed the disappearance of the subdural effusion and the suprasellar cyst. The visual acuity was improved well and the endocrinological study was normal. Analysis of the 45 reported cases of suprasellar @entity145 suggested that direct removal of the cyst wall is better than the V-P shunt operation and the cyst shunting is advisable for repeat recurrence of the cyst. Removal of the ventricular shunting system may be effective for the prevention of the subdural effusion as a complication after direct operation.

title: [Suprasellar XXXX --report of a case (author's transl)].

entities_list: @entity1952 :: ('MESH:D009896', 'Disease') :: ['optic atrophy']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['impairment of the visual acuity', 'impaired vision']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['mass lesion']

entities_list: @entity145 :: ('MESH:D016080', 'Disease') :: ['arachnoid cyst']

answer: @entity145 :: (MESH:D016080,Disease) :: ['arachnoid cyst']