abstract: OBJECTIVE: To report a fatal outcome from @entity7633 in an @entity1 with @entity1700 after prolonged pulmonary vasodilator therapy. DESIGN: Case report. SETTING: A tertiary care pediatric intensive care unit. SUBJECT: An @entity1 with @entity1700 . INTERVENTIONS: Treatment included @entity1700 and closure of @entity118 , assisted ventilation via tracheostomy, and protracted @entity842 and @entity4770 therapy until his death at 1 yr of age. RESULTS: Inhaled @entity842 (iNO) and/or @entity4770 (PGI(2)) were administered for 6.5 months. Numerous echocardiograms demonstrated good control of pulmonary pressures and no evidence of @entity3885 . Repeated attempts to slowly wean from the pulmonary vasodilators resulted in return of pulmonary pressures to systemic levels. Although there was no clinically apparent hemoptysis, @entity358 worsened, prompting an open-lung biopsy that revealed @entity7633 . During the last 4 days of the @entity1 's life, the @entity120 and @entity358 worsened regardless of aggressive vasodilator therapy with iNO, @entity4770 , alkalinization, and @entity3044 . Vasodilator therapy was withdrawn and the @entity1 rapidly died. CONCLUSION: We achieved long-term control of @entity120 with iNO and/or PGI(2) without apparent tachyphylaxis or other major reported side effects. Although @entity120 was successfully controlled with prolonged iNO and intravenous PGI(2) administration in this @entity1 with @entity1700 , the @entity1 died of hypoxemic @entity1576 from @entity7633 . Early evaluation of roentgenographic infiltrates for @entity5437 and potential lung transplantation in similar @entity1 may be warranted.

title: @entity7633 in XXXX after prolonged management of @entity120 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity5437 :: ('MESH:D006486', 'Disease') :: ['hemosiderosis']

entities_list: @entity1700 :: ('MESH:D012587', 'Disease') :: ['scimitar syndrome', 'redirection of anomalous right pulmonary venous drainage']

entities_list: @entity7633 :: ('MESH:C536281', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary hemosiderosis']

entities_list: @entity3885 :: ('MESH:D008173', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary venous obstruction']

entities_list: @entity120 :: ('MESH:D006976', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary hypertension', 'pulmonary hypertensive crises with suprasystemic pressures']

entities_list: @entity4770 :: ('MESH:D011464', 'Chemical') :: ['PGI(2)', 'prostacyclin']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary infiltrates']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory failure']

entities_list: @entity3044 :: ('MESH:D007545', 'Chemical') :: ['isoproterenol']

entities_list: @entity118 :: ('MESH:D006344', 'Disease') :: ['atrial septal defect']

answer: @entity1700 :: (MESH:D012587,Disease) :: ['scimitar syndrome']


abstract: @entity5125 is a bacterial pathogen that multiplies within the cytosol of eukaryotic cells. To identify Listeria genes with preferentially intracellular expression (pic genes), a library of Tn917-lac insertion mutants was screened for transcriptional fusions to lacZ with higher expression inside a macrophage-like cell line than in a rich broth medium. Five pic genes with up to 100-fold induction inside cells were identified. Three of them ( @entity2364 , purD and pyrE) were involved in @entity377 biosynthesis. One was part of an operon encoding an @entity22321 ( @entity855 -binding cassette) transporter for @entity369 . The corresponding mutants were not affected in intracellular growth, cell-to-cell spread or virulence, except for the transporter mutant, whose LD50 after intravenous infection of @entity19 was twofold higher than the wild-type. The fifth gene was plcA, a previously identified virulence gene that encodes a @entity4357 -phospholipase C, and is cotranscribed with prfA, a gene encoding a pleiotropic transcriptional activator of known virulence genes. Although plcA expression is known to depend on PrfA, a prfA promoter-lacZ fusion was highly expressed both inside and outside cells. Furthermore, in the presence of @entity8692 , a disaccharide recently shown to repress plcA and hly expression, plcA and hly mRNA levels were dramatically reduced without any decrease in the monocistronic prfA mRNA levels. These results demonstrate that virulence gene activation does not depend only on prfA transcript accumulation.

title: Five XXXX genes preferentially expressed in infected mammalian cells: plcA, @entity2364 , purD, pyrE and an @entity369 @entity22321 transporter gene, arpJ.

entities_list: @entity4357 :: ('MESH:D010716', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphatidylinositol']

entities_list: @entity5125 :: ('1639', 'Species') :: ['Listeria monocytogenes']

entities_list: @entity377 :: ('CHEBI:36976', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotide']

entities_list: @entity8692 :: ('MESH:D002475', 'Chemical') :: ['cellobiose']

entities_list: @entity369 :: ('CHEBI:29016', 'Chemical') :: ['arginine']

answer: @entity5125 :: (1639,Species) :: ['Listeria monocytogenes']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the feasibility of sentinel node staging for detection of occult regional lymph node @entity3 in high-risk cutaneous @entity5 . DESIGN: Consecutive clinical case series. SETTING: Referral university medical center. @entity1 : A consecutive sample of @entity1 with a variety of high-risk nonmelanoma cutaneous @entity5 without evidence of regional lymph node @entity3 . INTERVENTION: Sentinel node biopsies were performed using preoperative lymphoscintigraphy, blue dye, and intraoperative radiolocalization. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Sensitivity, determined by comparing the results of biopsy specimen evaluation with those of completion lymphadenectomy and/or clinical follow-up. RESULTS: Twenty-four @entity1 underwent sentinel node biopsy for the staging of 29 nodal basins identified by lymphoscintigraphy. Primary diagnoses were @entity957 (n = 17), @entity3852 (n = 5), and @entity420 (n = 2). Seven @entity1 (29%) had a @entity5 . Sentinel node biopsy followed by complete lymphadenectomy was performed in 12 @entity1 and sentinel node biopsy alone in 12 @entity1 . Tumor-positive lymph nodes were noted in 8 @entity1 , 7 of whom also had positive sentinel nodes. There was 1 false-positive result (1/8 [12%]), in a @entity1 with recurrent @entity957 of the scalp. At a median follow-up of 10 months, no recurrences in a sentinel node-negative basin have been noted. Compared with all information, the sensitivity of sentinel node staging was 88% and the negative predictive value was 0.94. CONCLUSIONS: Sentinel node biopsy is a minimally invasive staging procedure useful in identifying occult regional @entity1600 in selected @entity1 with nonmelanoma cutaneous @entity5 . Further studies to verify these findings and develop formal guidelines are indicated.

title: Sentinel node biopsy for high-risk nonmelanoma cutaneous XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity3852 :: ('MESH:D015266', 'Disease') :: ['Merkel cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['nonmelanoma malignancies', 'tumor-positive sentinel node', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1600 :: ('MESH:D014388', 'Disease') :: ['lymph node disease']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'metastases']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['malignancy']


abstract: Oxidative stress is known to be related to @entity66 such as @entity32 , @entity105 , @entity4288 and @entity63 -reperfusion injury, and is also a major cause of aging. For the prevention of diseases and control of aging, evaluation and control of oxidative stress in vivo may become essential. We have developed the new Oxidative Stress Profile( @entity12771 ), a total diagnostic system which provides information about oxidative stress inside @entity1 body. The @entity12771 system consists of a number of biomakers including oxidative damage markers, prooxidant factors, antioxidants and life style-related markers. The result is shown in a two dimensional plot form. We measured a combination of biomarkers for oxidative damage of biological components, serum antioxidants and analyzed oxidative stress. The result show that oxidative stress was elevated in @entity6 @entity1 in comparison with normal controls. Oxidative stress is also elevated in smokers in comparison with non-smokers. It is also interesting to find that oxidative stress can be greatly reduced by the improvement of life style such as diet. Oxidative Stress Profile system may become a powerful tool for the evaluation of oxidative stress in vivo, and may be useful in prevention of diseases, "mi-byo"(possible cause of diseases)-diagnosis and the control of aging.

title: [Oxidative stress profile: XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['various diseases']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity105 :: ('MESH:D063646', 'Disease') :: ['carcinogenesis']

entities_list: @entity4288 :: ('MESH:D001161', 'Disease') :: ['arteriosclerosis']

answer: @entity12771 :: (5010,Gene) :: ['OSP']


abstract: The rare presentation of a @entity259 mimicking the clinical and radionuclide features of @entity4941 is described. @entity4941 was initially suspected on the clinical basis of acute onset of a hard, tender @entity1374 with associated systemic symptoms, modest elevation of thyroid hormone levels and suppressed thyroid RAIU. Fine needle aspiration cytology specimens were unsatisfactory for characterization. Three weeks later the thyroid RAIU was normal. The @entity1374 persisted, now being clearly visualized as a hypofunctional nodule on scintiscan. Repeat fine needle aspiration cytology was suggestive of acinar proliferation with @entity6392 . Ultrasonography revealed a solid nodule with a peripheral sonolucent halo. Radionuclide angiography showed intense arterial flow of @entity1497 through the @entity1374 suggestive of malignant thyroid pathology. Surgical excision and histopathological examination revealed a @entity189 involving the right lobe. The possibility of @entity3909 should be considered in those @entity1 where initially tender thyroid nodularity persists longer than expected for a benign inflammatory disease, careful follow-up and relevant investigations being necessary to confirm the diagnosis.

title: XXXX masquerading as @entity4941 . Diagnosis using ultrasonography and radionuclide thyroid angiography.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4941 :: ('MESH:D013968', 'Disease') :: ['subacute thyroiditis', 'Granulomatous thyroiditis']

entities_list: @entity1497 :: ('MESH:D013670', 'Chemical') :: ['Tc-99m pertechnetate']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['follicular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3909 :: ('MESH:D055756', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomatous involvement']

entities_list: @entity6392 :: ('MESH:D000308', 'Disease') :: ['hyperfunction']

entities_list: @entity259 :: ('MESH:D013964', 'Disease') :: ['follicular thyroid carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1374 :: ('MESH:D013959', 'Disease') :: ['right lobe thyroid enlargement', 'thyroid enlargement']

answer: @entity259 :: (MESH:D013964,Disease) :: ['Follicular thyroid carcinoma']


abstract: This is the first report on the cluster structure of transitory starch from @entity958 leaves. In addition to wild type, the molecular structures of leaf starch from mutants deficient in starch synthases (SS) including single enzyme mutants ss1-, @entity66120 -, or @entity66121 -, and also double mutants ss1- @entity66120 - and ss1- @entity66121 - were characterized. The mutations resulted in increased amylose content. Clusters from whole starch were isolated by partial hydrolysis using a-amylase of @entity10679 . The clusters were then further hydrolyzed with concentrated a-amylase of @entity10679 to produce building blocks (a-limit dextrins). Structures of the clusters and their building blocks were characterized by chromatography of samples before and after debranching treatment. While the mutations increased the size of clusters, the reasons were different as reflected by the composition of their unit chains and building blocks. In general, all mutants contained more of a-chains that preferentially increased the number of small building blocks with only two chains. The clusters of the double mutant ss1- @entity66121 - were very large and possessed also more of large building blocks with four or more chains. The results from transitory starch are compared with those from agriculturally important crops in the context that to what extent the @entity958 can be a true biotechnological reflection for starch modifications through genetic means.

title: Branching patterns in leaf starches from XXXX mutants deficient in diverse starch synthases.

entities_list: @entity958 :: ('3702', 'Species') :: ['Arabidopsis']

entities_list: @entity10679 :: ('1390', 'Species') :: ['Bacillus amyloliquefaciens', 'B. amyloliquefaciens']

answer: @entity958 :: (3702,Species) :: ['Arabidopsis']


abstract: PURPOSE: Emerging published reports on the association between @entity1782 ( @entity1782 ) genetic variation and @entity5 susceptibility are inconsistent. This review and meta- analysis was performed to achieve a more precise evaluation of this relationship. METHODS: A literature search of PubMed database was conducted from the inception of this study through April 1st 2014. Crude odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated to assess the association. RESULTS: 87 studies were enrolled in this meta-analysis. The results indicated that PvuII (T>C) polymorphism was associated with an increased risk of @entity157 ( @entity157 ) and @entity263 , in contrast with the decreased risk of @entity1086 . No significant association was found in Asian and Caucasian populations. Furthermore, XbaI ( @entity4866 ) genetic variation was only associated with an increased risk of @entity263 , but was not related with race. In addition, T594T ( @entity13284 ) polymorphisms were significantly associated with an increased risk of @entity5 , especially in Asian populations. CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis indicated that PvuII (T>C) genetic variation may be risk factor for @entity157 , @entity263 and @entity1086 . Meanwhile, XbaI ( @entity4866 ) polymorphism may be potential prognostic factor for @entity263 . Furthermore, T594T ( @entity13284 ) was closely related with @entity5 susceptibility, especially in Asian populations.

title: Association between @entity1782 ( XXXX ) genetic variations and @entity5 risk: a meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity1782 :: ('2099', 'Gene') :: ['ESR1', 'estrogen receptor 1']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity4866 :: ('c|SUB|A||G', 'DNAMutation') :: ['A>G']

entities_list: @entity1086 :: ('MESH:D005706', 'Disease') :: ['gallbladder cancer']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'hepatocellular carcinoma']

answer: @entity1782 :: (2099,Gene) :: ['ESR1']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In @entity320 , a direct relationship exists between the number of nodes involved with @entity3 and prognosis. This study was undertaken to determine whether an individual with @entity3 confined to the sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) would have a better prognosis than individuals with @entity3 that has spread to the non-SLNs, regardless of the number of nodes involved. METHODS: The study group consists of 229 @entity320 @entity1 with a positive @entity4298 who underwent regional nodal dissection. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to assess association of the number of SLNs and non-SLNs involved with disease with @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) and disease-free survival (DFS). RESULTS: DFS and @entity1349 were unchanged regardless of how many SLNs were positive, as long as all disease was confined to SLNs. Among 183 @entity1 without involvement of non-SLNs, @entity1349 remained the same despite an increasing number of SLNs involved (P = .59). This was true after controlling for ulceration, @entity92 , age, sex, and adjuvant treatment. Once disease was present beyond the @entity4298 , DFS and @entity1349 were negatively affected. Among @entity1 with involvement of non-SLNs, there was no statistically significant association between the number of positive SLNs and survival. The risk of mortality increased with the number of non-SLNs involved with @entity3 (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: The number of regional nodes involved with @entity3 does not affect DFS and @entity1349 if disease is confined to the SLNs. Consideration should be given to specifying @entity4298 versus non- @entity4298 involvement in the American Joint Committee on @entity5 staging manual.

title: The number of lymph nodes involved with @entity3 does not affect outcome in @entity320 XXXX as long as all disease is confined to the sentinel lymph node.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cancer']

entities_list: @entity92 :: ('MESH:D007222', 'Disease') :: ['Breslow depth']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic disease']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Biochemical studies suggest that @entity1 who have had a colectomy or restorative proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal @entity254 (IPAA) are at an increased risk of developing @entity5990 , but epidemiological studies are lacking. We evaluated the risk of @entity5990 following colectomy and IPAA. METHODS: Individuals who had a colectomy were identified from a national cohort of @entity1 with @entity31 ( @entity31 ), and controls without colectomy were sampled from within the same cohort, matching on gender, calendar year, and year of birth. We used Cox regression to examine the effect of colectomy on the hazard rates of @entity5990 and cholecystectomy, adjusting for @entity988 , @entity64 , @entity1030 , @entity5 , @entity299 , @entity6 , @entity1375 , @entity407 , @entity82 , @entity28 , @entity177 , and transient @entity63 attacks. The effect of an IPAA was determined for @entity1 who had colectomy by including the procedure as a time-dependent variable. RESULTS: We identified 4548 @entity1 and matched these to 44   372 controls without colectomy. During a median follow-up of 11.9 years, 1963 @entity1 were hospitalized for @entity5990 . @entity1 who had a colectomy were at an increased risk (adjusted hazard ratio (HR)=1.63 (1.39-1.91)), and sensitivity analyses of the risk of undergoing cholecystectomy revealed a similar association (adjusted HR=1.55 (1.22-1.98)). An IPAA did not affect the risk of developing @entity5990 among @entity1 who had a colectomy (adjusted HR=1.03 (0.77-1.37)). CONCLUSION: The risk of @entity5990 increases following colectomy for @entity31 .Am J Gastroenterol advance online publication, 24 January 2017; doi:10.1038/ajg.2016.564.

title: Increased Risk of XXXX Following Colectomy for @entity31 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity1375 :: ('MESH:D007037', 'Disease') :: ['hypothyroidism']

entities_list: @entity407 :: ('MESH:D006949', 'Disease') :: ['hyperlipidemia']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity988 :: ('MESH:D000437', 'Disease') :: ['alcoholism']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative colitis', 'UC']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac disease']

entities_list: @entity5990 :: ('MESH:D042882', 'Disease') :: ['gallstones', 'gallstone disease']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease']

answer: @entity5990 :: (MESH:D042882,Disease) :: ['Gallstone Disease']


abstract: Resistance to @entity902 -containing regimens can develop in many @entity1 with @entity43 and may lead to relapse in > 80% of @entity1 . @entity21941 is a new-generation @entity902 agent that, in preclinical studies, shows evidence of antitumour activity and overcomes @entity902 -resistance mechanisms. This Phase II trial has evaluated the efficacy and tolerability of @entity21941 in second-line @entity43 @entity1 . @entity1 received @entity21941 120 mg/m2 (1-h iv infusion, day 1 q 3-weeks); the starting dose was increased to 150 mg/m2 after a safety review. We report here on results when @entity1 are divided into four cohorts depending upon whether they were considered @entity902 -resistant or -sensitive. @entity1 were placed into one of 3 cohorts if they were @entity902 resistant (relapsed/progressed < or = 26 weeks after completion of prior @entity902 -based chemotherapy) or cohort 4 if this period was > 26 weeks (sensitive). Ninety-four @entity1 were recruited to the trial (59 resistant, 35 sensitive; median age 58 [range 27-75] years; 86 with performance status [PS] < or = 1). Forty-nine @entity1 received a starting dose of 120 mg/m2, of which 15 escalated to 150 mg/m2, and 45 received a starting dose of 150 mg/m2. Overall, the median number of treatment cycles received was 3 (range 1-8). Grade 3/4 @entity882 was the most common haematological adverse event occurring in 62% of @entity1 overall. Grade 3/4 lethargy, @entity391 and @entity390 were the most common non-haematological @entity137 . No clinically significant oto-, nephro- or @entity2359 was observed. Overall response rates for all @entity902 -resistant and -sensitive @entity1 were 8.3% and 32.4%, respectively. Stable disease occurred in 17 resistant and 15 sensitive @entity1 .

title: Results of @entity21941 in @entity902 -pretreated @entity43 : analysis according to XXXX free interval.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['platinum']

entities_list: @entity2359 :: ('MESH:D020258', 'Disease') :: ['neurotoxicity']

answer: @entity902 :: (MESH:D010984,Chemical) :: ['platinum']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The physiological role of carbonic anhydrases in pH and ion regulation is crucial to insect survival. We examined the toxic and neurophysiological effects of five carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAIs) against @entity4224 . The 24 h larvicidal @entity137 followed this rank order of potency: @entity50904 > @entity11681 > @entity3791 = @entity15572 = @entity15438 . Larvicidal activity increased modestly in longer exposures, and affected larvae showed attenuated responses to probing without overt @entity400 , hyperexcitation, or @entity410 . @entity3791 and @entity50904 were toxic to adults when applied topically, but were of low potency and had an incomplete effect (<50% at 300 ng/mosquito) even after injection. @entity50904 was also the most toxic compound when fed to adult mosquitoes, and they displayed @entity393 and occasionally prolonged fluttering of the wings. Co-exposure with 500 ng of the synergist @entity33638 ( @entity20333 ) increased the @entity137 of @entity50904 ca. two-fold in feeding assays, indicating that low @entity137 was not related to oxidative metabolism. @entity50904 showed mild depolarizing and nerve discharge actions on insect neuromuscular and central nervous systems, respectively. These effects were increased in low buffer salines, indicating they were apparently related to loss of pH control in these tissues. Overall, @entity13135 displayed weak insecticidal properties on @entity4224 and are weak lead compounds.

title: @entity137 and Physiological Actions of Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors to XXXX and Drosophila melanogaster.

entities_list: @entity15572 :: ('MESH:C111827', 'Chemical') :: ['brinzolamide']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['convulsions']

entities_list: @entity4224 :: ('7159', 'Species') :: ['Aedes aegypti']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity33638 :: ('MESH:D010882', 'Chemical') :: ['piperonyl butoxide']

entities_list: @entity15438 :: ('MESH:C062765', 'Chemical') :: ['dorzolamide']

entities_list: @entity3791 :: ('MESH:D000086', 'Chemical') :: ['acetazolamide', 'Acetazolamide']

entities_list: @entity13135 :: ('MESH:D013449', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfonamides']

entities_list: @entity11681 :: ('MESH:D008704', 'Chemical') :: ['methazolamide']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['loss of posture']

entities_list: @entity50904 :: ('MESH:D004005', 'Chemical') :: ['dichlorphenamide', 'Dichlorphenamide']

answer: @entity4224 :: (7159,Species) :: ['Aedes aegypti']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Impairment in left ventricular systolic function has been described in @entity712 ( @entity712 ) with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), but its prognostic relevance is not known. We determined whether @entity1002 ( @entity6475 ) is predictive of cardiovascular outcomes in HFpEF beyond clinical and conventional echocardiographic measures. METHODS AND RESULTS: @entity6475 was assessed by 2-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography at baseline in 447 @entity1 with HFpEF enrolled in the Treatment of Preserved Cardiac Function @entity712 With an Aldosterone Antagonist (TOPCAT) trial. At a median follow-up of 2.6 years (interquartile range, 1.5-3.9 years), 115 @entity1 experienced the primary composite outcome of @entity65 , @entity712 hospitalization, or aborted @entity1167 . @entity73 , defined as an absolute @entity6475 <15.8%, was present in 52% of @entity1 and was predictive of the composite outcome (adjusted hazard ratio, 2.14; 95% confidence interval, 1.26-3.66; P=0.005), @entity65 alone (adjusted hazard ratio, 3.20; 95% confidence interval, 1.44-7.12; P=0.004), and @entity712 hospitalization alone (adjusted hazard ratio, 2.23; 95% confidence interval, 1.16-4.28; P=0.016) after adjustment for clinical and conventional echocardiographic variables. @entity6475 was the strongest echocardiographic predictor of the composite outcome. Exploratory analysis in a subset of 131 @entity1 with follow-up @entity6475 assessed after 12 to 18 months demonstrated a trend toward improvement in @entity6475 associated with @entity1482 in @entity1 enrolled in the Americas but not in Russia or Georgia. CONCLUSIONS: Impaired left ventricular systolic function is a powerful predictor of @entity712 hospitalization, @entity65 , or aborted @entity1167 in HFpEF independent of clinical predictors. @entity73 represents a novel imaging biomarker to identify @entity1 with HFpEF at particularly high risk for @entity65 and mortality. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00094302.

title: Prognostic Importance of Impaired Systolic Function in @entity712 With Preserved Ejection Fraction and the Impact of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['HF', 'Heart Failure', 'heart failure']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['Impaired LS']

entities_list: @entity1482 :: ('MESH:D013148', 'Chemical') :: ['spironolactone']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrest']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular death', 'cardiovascular morbidity']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular longitudinal strain']

answer: @entity1482 :: (MESH:D013148,Chemical) :: ['Spironolactone']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The surgical management of @entity1126 is controversial. There is no consensus among surgeons as to the indications for radical resection. This article described personal experience with the different surgical procedures for @entity1 with @entity1126 . METHODS: The medical records of fifty-two consecutive @entity1 undergoing surgical resection over a 20-year period were retrospectively analysed in terms of pathology, perioperative mortality, clinical course, and overall survival. RESULTS: The 1-, 3- and 5-year survivals for the entire group were 63.3%, 24.5%, and 21.0%, respectively. The results for local resection of the extrahepatic bile duct in 35 cases were unsatisfactory. Radical resection that included the right extended @entity99 , caudate lobe, and extrahepatic bile duct was performed in 9 @entity1 and demonstrated an excellent 5 year survival rate of 44.4%. However, hospital mortality was 22.2%. There was no significant difference among the operative procedures for @entity1 with @entity1442 . CONCLUSION: Radical resection remains the procedure of choice in @entity1126 . However, results with surgical therapy alone remain unsatisfactory. Multimodality treatment that also includes radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy is recommended.

title: Surgical treatment for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1442 :: ('MESH:D020178', 'Disease') :: ['advanced disease']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic lobe']

entities_list: @entity1126 :: ('MESH:D001650', 'Disease') :: ['proximal bile duct carcinoma']

answer: @entity1126 :: (MESH:D001650,Disease) :: ['proximal bile duct carcinoma']


abstract: @entity842 (NO), a short-lived gaseous free radical, synthesized from @entity534 by NO synthases (NOS), is a potent mediator of biologic responses involved in the pathogenesis of @entity792 , such as @entity1252 ( @entity1252 ) and @entity309 ( @entity309 ). Most biological necessary NO is produced by the family of three NOS. To date, several functionally relevant genetic polymorphisms in the @entity9554 gene have been associated with various vascular, infectious and @entity792 . To our knowledge, no study has explored these polymorphisms for both @entity1252 and @entity309 in the same population. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of the @entity9554 gene intron 4 a/b VNTR polymorphism (a 27-base-pair tandem repeat-based polymorphism) on susceptibility to @entity1252 and @entity309 in @entity1 living in the island of Crete, a genetically homogeneous population. A group of 145 healthy subjects and 190 @entity1252 @entity1 were included in this study. Similarly, a second group of 235 healthy controls and 202 @entity309 @entity1 were analysed. In both cases, @entity1 and controls were sex- and age-matched. Herein we report that the presence of a/b genotype of the @entity9554 gene may act as a risk factor not for the presence of @entity1252 but for the development of @entity631 (OR 2.71, 95% CI: 1.4-5.2), while it may be a susceptibility gene for @entity309 (OR: 2.005, 95% CI: 1.31-3.07). Thus, in our population, the a/b genotype of the @entity9554 gene represents a severity rather than a susceptibility genotype for @entity1252 .

title: Association of the @entity842 synthase ( @entity9554 ) gene polymorphism with increased risk for both lupus glomerulonephritis and XXXX in a single genetically homogeneous population.

entities_list: @entity1252 :: ('MESH:D008180', 'Disease') :: ['SLE', 'systemic lupus erythematosus']

entities_list: @entity534 :: ('CHEBI:16467', 'Chemical') :: ['L-arginine']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['Nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity631 :: ('MESH:D005921', 'Disease') :: ['glomerulonephritis']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune rheumatic diseases', 'autoimmune diseases']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA']

answer: @entity309 :: (MESH:D001172,Disease) :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']


abstract: CONTEXT: @entity442 and IGF binding protein ( @entity10116 have been linked to @entity65 ( @entity65 ) risk and pathophysiology in adults, but there are limited data in youth. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between IGF and @entity10116 with traditional and non-traditional @entity65 risk factors including inflammatory markers and body composition in an @entity28 pediatric cohort. DESIGN: A cross-sectional study. SETTING: The study was carried out at a university @entity1 's hospital. SUBJECTS: Sixty-one @entity28 non- @entity6 adolescents. OUTCOMES: Fasting @entity442 , @entity10116 , lipoprotein profiles, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), and total @entity1254 as well as insulin sensitivity measures, blood pressure (BP), and anthropometrics. RESULTS: @entity10116 was negatively associated with insulin sensitivity measures, body mass index (BMI), and diastolic BP in males. @entity442 was negatively associated with hsCRP (r = -0.479, p   <   0.0005), and @entity10116 was positively associated with @entity1254 (r = 0.545, p   <   0.0005). The @entity442 /CRP and @entity10116 / @entity1254 associations remained significant when controlling for both BMI and insulin sensitivity index (SI ). Both @entity442 and @entity10116 were negatively associated with waist circumference (r = -0.327 and r = -0.275, respectively) and sagittal abdominal diameter (r = -0.333 and r = -0.371, respectively), while @entity10116 was negatively associated with fat mass (r = -0.347, p = 0.01) as well as neck circumference and fat-free mass in males. Controlling for BMI z-score and SI , @entity10116 remained negatively associated with diastolic blood pressure (r = 0.706, p = 0.001 and neck circumference (r = -0.548, p = 0.15) in males. CONCLUSIONS: @entity442 and @entity10116 associate with @entity65 risk markers and may add to clinical assessments of @entity409 in youth.

title: Insulin-like growth factor-I and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 are related to XXXX biomarkers in @entity28 adolescents.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic']

entities_list: @entity442 :: ('3479', 'Gene') :: ['Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I', 'IGF-I']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['cardiometabolic dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['CVD', 'cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity65 :: (MESH:D002318,Disease) :: ['cardiovascular disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Two new subclades of @entity683 became prominent during the 2014-2015 Northern Hemisphere @entity683 season. The HA glycoproteins of these viruses showed sequence changes previously associated with alterations in receptor-binding properties. To address how these changes influence virus propagation, viruses were isolated and propagated in conventional MDCK cells and MDCK-SIAT1 cells, cells with enhanced expression of the @entity1 receptor for the virus, and analysed at each passage. METHODS: Gene sequence analysis was undertaken as virus was passaged in conventional MDCK cells and MDCK-SIAT1 cells. Alterations in receptor recognition associated with passage of virus were examined by haemagglutination assays using red blood cells from @entity840 , @entity233 and @entity1 . Microneutralisation assays were performed to determine how passage-acquired @entity3689 substitutions and polymorphisms affected virus antigenicity. RESULTS: Viruses were able to infect MDCK-SIAT1 cells more efficiently than conventional MDCK cells. Viruses of both the 3C.2a and 3C.3a subclades showed greater sequence change on passage in conventional MDCK cells than in MDCK-SIAT1 cells, with @entity3689 substitutions being seen in both HA and NA glycoproteins. However, virus passage in MDCK-SIAT1 cells at low inoculum dilutions showed reducing infectivity on continued passage. CONCLUSIONS: Current H3N2 viruses should be cultured in the MDCK-SIAT1 cell line to maintain faithful replication of the virus, and at an appropriate multiplicity of infection to retain infectivity.

title: The characteristics and antigenic properties of recently emerged subclade 3C.3a and 3C.2a @entity1 XXXX passaged in MDCK cells.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human']

entities_list: @entity683 :: ('MESH:D007251', 'Disease') :: ['influenza A(H3N2) viruses', 'influenza']

answer: @entity683 :: (MESH:D007251,Disease) :: ['influenza A(H3N2) viruses']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The goal of this study was to compare operative mortality and actuarial survival between @entity1 presenting with and without @entity1344 who underwent repair of acute @entity1580 . Previous studies have demonstrated that @entity1344 is related to differences in early and late outcomes following acute @entity1129 dissection occurrence. However, it is unknown whether @entity1344 at the initial presentation affects early clinical outcomes and survival after repair of @entity1580 . METHODS: A total of 251 @entity1 from four academic medical centers underwent repair of acute @entity1580 between January 2000 and October 2010. Of those, 30 presented with @entity1344 while 221 @entity1 did not. Median ages were 63 years (range 38-82) and 60 years (range 19-87) for @entity1 presenting with @entity1344 compared to @entity1 without @entity1344 , respectively (P = 0.595). Major morbidity, operative mortality, and 10-year actuarial survival were compared between groups. RESULTS: Operative mortality was profoundly influenced by @entity1344 ( @entity1 with @entity1344 47% versus 14% for @entity1 without @entity1344 , P < 0.001). Actuarial 10-year survival rates for @entity1 with @entity1344 were 44% versus 63% for @entity1 without @entity1344 (P = 0.007). CONCLUSIONS: Hemodynamic instability has a profoundly negative impact on early outcomes and operative mortality in @entity1 with acute @entity1580 . However, late survival is comparable between hemodynamically unstable and non-hemodynamically unstable @entity1 .

title: Effects of Hemodynamic Instability on Early Outcomes and Late Survival Following Repair of Acute XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1580 :: ('MESH:C562834', 'Disease') :: ['Type A aortic dissection']

entities_list: @entity1344 :: ('MESH:D043171', 'Disease') :: ['hemodynamic instability']

answer: @entity1580 :: (MESH:C562834,Disease) :: ['Type A Aortic Dissection']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the @entity63 induced by focal @entity63 preconditioning (PC) in @entity35 . METHODS: Ten minutes of @entity2500 (MCAO) was used for PC. Different duration of reperfusion (1, 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days) was allowed before 2 hours of MCAO followed by 22 hours of reperfusion in SD @entity35 that were divided into the PC group and the PC plus MCAO group, and were compared with the @entity35 of sham-operation plus MCAO group. Neurological scores, @entity1188 volume, brain water content and HE staining were evaluated in each group. RESULTS: PC produced no @entity51 and TTC-demonstrated @entity1188 . PC reduced @entity51 significantly caused by 2 h MCAO 1-28 days after PC. @entity1188 volume was reduced only if PC was performed 1-14 days before MCAO. PC given 3 days before MCAO also decreased brain water content. CONCLUSION: Ten minutes of MCAO was strong enough to induce @entity63 without @entity1545 . @entity1188 volume reduction appeared at 1 day and did not vanish until 14 days after PC, but protection against @entity16 existed at least 4 weeks.

title: [Cerebral @entity63 induced by focal @entity63 preconditioning in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1545 :: ('MESH:D020214', 'Disease') :: ['brain injury']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic tolerance', 'ischemic']

entities_list: @entity2500 :: ('MESH:D020244', 'Disease') :: ['middle cerebral artery occlusion']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological impairment']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deficits']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['Infarct', 'infarct']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The relationship between visceral adiposity and the incidence of @entity2210 ( @entity2210 ) has not yet been studied. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the association between visceral adiposity and the risk of @entity2210 . METHODS: This is a case-control study that compares the abdominal adipose tissue area between subjects with @entity2210 and control subjects without @entity2210 , who underwent abdomen computerized tomography (CT) for health examinations in a tertiary center. Retrospectively, a telephone survey was conducted to diagnose @entity2210 using the Rome III criteria. We measured various indices of @entity28 including body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), @entity1386 ( @entity1386 ) area, @entity1386 ( @entity1386 ) area and the @entity1386 / @entity1386 ratio in order to evaluate the association between @entity2210 and abdominal adiposity. KEY RESULTS: A total of 363 subjects were included in the present study. @entity2210 was diagnosed in 90 subjects (24.8%). In the univariate analysis, WC, @entity1386 area, TAT area, @entity1386 / @entity1386 ratio, and the presence of @entity2910 were significantly higher in the @entity2210 group than in the non- @entity2210 group. In the multivariate analysis, a higher @entity1386 area (odds ratio (OR), 3.76; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.24-11.40; highest quartile vs lowest quartile, p   =   0.019) and @entity1386 / @entity1386 ratio (OR, 2.35; 95% CI, 1.27-4.32; highest quartile vs lowest quartile, p   =   0.006) were independently associated with a risk of @entity2210 . CONCLUSION AND INFERENCES: Visceral adiposity as measured by the @entity1386 area and @entity1386 / @entity1386 ratio is associated with an increased risk of @entity2210 .

title: Visceral adiposity is associated with an increased risk of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity1386 :: ('MESH:D018205', 'Disease') :: ['subcutaneous adipose tissue', 'visceral adipose tissue', 'SAT', 'VAT']

entities_list: @entity2210 :: ('MESH:D004415', 'Disease') :: ['functional dyspepsia', 'FD']

entities_list: @entity2910 :: ('MESH:D004941', 'Disease') :: ['erosive esophagitis']

answer: @entity2210 :: (MESH:D004415,Disease) :: ['functional dyspepsia']


abstract: AIM: to assess effectiveness of mimic muscles rehabilitation after cross neuroplastics using @entity45541 ( @entity45541 ) by neurological scales estimating functional outcome. MATERIAL AND METHODS: During 1998-2010 20 @entity1 underwent cross neuroplastics of facial nerve (FN) by a main trunk of @entity45541 . The average follow-up was 4.65 years (1-10 years). At baseline all @entity1 had total function loss of FN after excision of @entity5513 . The interval between function loss and surgery was 1-6 months (4.7 months in average). @entity1 were within age range 37-73 years (51.8 years in average). Each @entity1 was accessed by clinical scales House-Brackmann Facial Grading Systems (HB) and Yanagihara system (YS) for estimation of the extent of mimic paresis. Sunnybrook Facial Grading scale (SFG) was used to assess facial symmetry and synkineses. Self-assessment questionnaire Facial Disability Index (FDI) was also used. Original questionnaire, Shoulder Disability Index (SDI), including 4 questions was used for self-assessment of a denervated shoulder segment (maximum 100 degrees). RESULTS: 4 @entity1 (20%) recovered up to HB II, 11 (55%) - up to @entity37936 (25%) - up to HB IV-V. Average degree by YS was 27.5  4.06, average SFG was 71.1  9.38. Average degree by self-assessment (FDI) was 143.75   22,82, and average SDI was 69.06   22.16. All acquired data was statistically analyzed and compared. Strong correlation (r= -0.72, p< 0.001) was found between magnitudes of HB, YS and SFG after surgery, and between total FDI and SDI (r=0.56, p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Results of cross neuroplastics of FN using @entity45541 are compatible with those in other neuroplastic techniques and improve @entity1 ' quality of life. This procedure is acceptable for rehabilitation of FN function after surgery of skull base. The main problem of assessment of mimic muscles is subjectivism, that is why clinical scales and self-assessment questionnaires have to be used. After cross neuroplastics denervated segment of shoulder should be assessed by the specialized scale.

title: [Analysis of the neurological status and functional outcome after facial nerve neuroplasctics using XXXX .]

entities_list: @entity45541 :: ('MESH:D020436', 'Disease') :: ['AN', 'accessory nerve']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5513 :: ('MESH:D009464', 'Disease') :: ['acoustic neuroma']

answer: @entity45541 :: (MESH:D020436,Disease) :: ['accessory nerve']


abstract: A case of a very rare association of toxic @entity652 and @entity1377 with @entity2743 is presented. A 34-year-old @entity1 developed @entity2743 with mild @entity6875 . An ultrasound revealed @entity1374 with a hypoechoic pattern and a hypoechoic nodule with regular edges of 1.6 cm in diameter at the lower pole of the left lobe. A thyroid 131I scintiscan showed a diffuse and homogeneous 131I distribution. The 131I uptake (RAIU) was elevated. One year later, while still on a low dose of @entity3937 , the @entity1 had a recurrence of @entity1378 following an @entity1496 load from a contrast agent. A further thyroid ultrasound confirmed the previously described pattern but showed a new hypoechoic nodule of 1.1 cm with irregular edges in the left lobe. A thyroid 131I scintiscan this time demonstrated a hyperactive area localised in the larger nodule and a lower diffuse uptake of the remaining tissue. Because of the worsening of the symptoms of @entity1378 , the @entity1 had a left lobectomy. On histological examination, the larger nodule was well encapsulated and showed the characteristics of a hyperfunctioning follicular @entity652 . The smaller nodule was a typically unencapsulated @entity1377 . Several other microfoci of @entity1377 were also found in the adjacent tissue. Completion of thyroidectomy was therefore performed, followed by 131I ablative therapy and @entity1955 suppressive treatment. This observation suggests that the chronic abnormal stimulation of the thyroid gland by the thyroid-stimulating antibody (TSAb) may facilitate the neoplastic transformation of the thyrocytes in individuals with a critical genetic background.

title: Toxic adenoma and papillary thyroid carcinoma in a XXXX with @entity2743 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1377 :: ('MESH:D002291', 'Disease') :: ['papillary carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3937 :: ('MESH:D008713', 'Chemical') :: ['methimazole']

entities_list: @entity2743 :: ('MESH:D006111', 'Disease') :: ["Graves' disease"]

entities_list: @entity1955 :: ('MESH:D013974', 'Chemical') :: ['thyroxine']

entities_list: @entity1378 :: ('MESH:D006980', 'Disease') :: ['hyperthyroidism']

entities_list: @entity6875 :: ('MESH:D049970', 'Disease') :: ['ophthalmopathy']

entities_list: @entity1374 :: ('MESH:D013959', 'Disease') :: ['diffuse thyroid enlargement']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: PURPOSE: To find new nonrandom chromosomal changes in @entity521 ( @entity521 ) with a potential to forecast the @entity1 's outcome, alterations in chromosome arms 3p and 11q were investigated. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Frequency and prognostic potential of 3p and 11q alterations in 144 NBs were analyzed using interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization with DNA probes for 3p26 and 11q23. Aberrations were defined as deletion (monosomy of a specific region) or imbalance (at least two intact and additional 3p26- or 11q23-deleted chromosomes). RESULTS: Forty-two of 144 cases (29%) displayed 11q alterations (21% deletions, 8% imbalances). Most aberrations were associated with stage 4 disease (28 of 59, 47%) but were also present in localized and 4s @entity5 (14 of 85, 16%; P = 0.007). @entity1 with 11q deletion/imbalance were significantly older at diagnosis (P < 0.001). Changes in 3p were detected in 26 of 144 (18%) samples (15% deletions, 3% imbalances). These alterations were also associated with stage 4 [20 of 59 (34%) versus 6 of 85 (7%) in stages 1-3 and 4s, P = 0.007], and the median age was increased (P < 0.001). Aberrations in both chromosomes were highly associated with each other (P < 0.001). @entity4180 amplification (MNA) was detected in 10% and 12% of @entity5 with 11q and 3p alterations, and changes in 1p36 occurred in 13% and 26% of the 3p- and 11q-aberrant @entity5 . @entity4180 amplification and 11q deletion/imbalance tended to show an inverse correlation (P = 0.07) as well as 1p and 3p deletion/imbalance (P = 0.07). @entity1 with 3p and 11q abnormalities in localized/4s @entity5 showed an inferior outcome compared with those without these alterations (P = 0.002 and P = 0.0027, respectively), in particular in @entity4180 single copy @entity5 (P < 0.0001 and P = 0.0006, respectively). CONCLUSION: Alterations in 3p and 11q are frequent nonrandom aberrations in @entity521 and define a new high-risk subgroup in @entity4180 single copy stage 1-3 and 4s disease.

title: Deletions in chromosome arms 3p and 11q are new prognostic markers in localized and 4s XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity521 :: ('MESH:D009447', 'Disease') :: ['NB', 'neuroblastoma']

answer: @entity521 :: (MESH:D009447,Disease) :: ['neuroblastoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 undergoing reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) are at risk of significant perioperative @entity190 . To date, few studies have examined the effectiveness of @entity927 ( @entity928 ) to reduce @entity190 in the setting of RTSA. METHODS: In a prospective, double-blinded, single-surgeon trial, we analyzed 102 @entity1 undergoing primary RTSA who were randomized to receive intravenous @entity928 (n   =   53) or placebo (n   =   49). @entity190 , drain output, and hemoglobin (Hb) drop were measured. Postoperative transfusions were recorded. Complications were assessed out to 6 weeks postoperatively. RESULTS: @entity190 was less for the @entity928 group (1122.4           411.6 mL) than the placebo group (1472.6        475.4 mL, P   <   .001). @entity998 was less for the @entity928 group (221.4        126.2 mL) than the placebo group (371.9        166.3 mL   , P   <   .001). Total Hb loss was less in the @entity928 group (154.57        60.29 g) compared with the placebo group (200.1        65.5 g, P   =   .001). Transfusion rates differed significantly at postoperative day 1; however, overall transfusion rates did not vary significantly. Seven @entity1 (14.3%) and 12 units were transfused in the placebo group compared with 3 @entity1 (5.7%) and 3 units in the @entity928 group. DISCUSSION: In this cohort of @entity1 undergoing primary RTSA, @entity928 was effective in reducing total drain output, total @entity190 compared with a placebo control.

title: Intravenous @entity927 reduces total XXXX in reverse total shoulder arthroplasty: a prospective, double-blinded, randomized, controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity998 :: ('MESH:D002303', 'Disease') :: ['Total drain output']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['Total blood loss', 'blood loss', 'Hb loss, and total blood loss', 'Calculated total blood loss']

entities_list: @entity927 :: ('MESH:D014148', 'Chemical') :: ['tranexamic acid']

answer: @entity190 :: (MESH:D006473,Disease) :: ['blood loss']


abstract: AIMS: Intraoperative use of radiofrequency ablation (IRFA) to treat liver @entity3 is controversial. The aim of this study was to compare local recurrence rate and survival after IRFA versus resection. METHODS: Three groups from 99 @entity1 were consecutively operated on for 307 liver @entity3 with 2years of follow up: group 1, IRFA alone (n=34); group 2, IRFA plus resection (n=28); group 3, resection alone (n=37). The choice of IRFA or resection was made on the basis of the sizes and topographies of the @entity3 with the goal of achieving R0 treatment. RESULTS: Mortality was zero; morbidity was 9%, 11% and 11% in the three groups respectively. Median follow-up after surgery was 30months. Total hepatic recurrences occurred in 59 (60%) @entity1 . Median survival without hepatic recurrence was 17months with no difference between the three groups (P=0.474). Total local recurrence occurred in 4 (12%) @entity1 in group 1, in 2 (8%) @entity1 in group 2, and in 2 (6%) @entity1 in group 3. Survival at 2years was no different in the three groups. CONCLUSION: Assessing IRFA indications by size and the topographical characteristics of the liver @entity3 yields identical local recurrence rates to resection after 2years of follow up.

title: Comparison of hepatic recurrences after resection or intraoperative radiofrequency ablation indicated by size and topographical characteristics of the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['metastases']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The recommended lower limit of intensity during continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) is 20 or 25  mL/kg/h. However, limited information is available to support this threshold. We aimed to evaluate the impact of different intensities of CRRT on the clearance of creatinine and urea in critically ill @entity1 with severe @entity810 ( @entity810 ). METHODS: This is a multicenter retrospective study conducted in 14 Japanese ICUs in 12 centers. All @entity1 older than 18  years and treated with CRRT due to @entity810 were eligible. We evaluated the effect of CRRT intensity by two different definitions: daily intensity (the mean intensity over each 24-h period) and average intensity (the mean of daily intensity during the period while CRRT was performed). To study the effect of different CRRT intensity on clearance of urea and creatinine, all @entity1 /daily observations were arbitrarily allocated to one of 4 groups based on the average intensity and daily intensity: <10, 10-15, 15-20, and >20  mL/kg/h. RESULTS: Total 316 @entity1 were included and divided into the four groups according to average CRRT intensity. The groups comprised 64 (20.3%), 138 (43.7%), 68 (21.5%), and 46 @entity1 (14.6%), respectively. Decreases in creatinine and urea increased as the average intensity increased over the first 7  days of CRRT. The relative changes of serum creatinine and urea levels remained close to 1 over the 7  days in the "<10" group. Total 1,101 daily observations were included and divided into the four groups according to daily CRRT intensity. The groups comprised 254 (23.1%), 470 (42.7%), 239 (21.7%), and 138 observations (12.5%), respectively. Creatinine and urea increased (negative daily change) only in the "<10" group and decreased with the increasing daily intensity in the other groups. CONCLUSIONS: The lower limit of delivered intensity to control @entity5507 during CRRT was approximately between 10 and 15  mL/kg/h in our cohort. A prescribed intensity of approximately 15  mL/kg/h might be adequate to control @entity5507 for @entity1 with severe @entity810 in the ICU. However, considering the limitations due to the retrospective nature of this study, prospective studies are required to confirm our findings.

title: The lower limit of intensity to control XXXX during continuous renal replacement therapy.

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['acute kidney injury', 'AKI']

answer: @entity5507 :: (MESH:D014511,Disease) :: ['uremia']


abstract: The number of @entity1 participating in athletics does not equal the number of @entity1 with @entity625 . There are no data to support the concern that athletic participation will make the onset of @entity2720 more likely. What is clear is that injuries that occur with athletics can increase the incidence of @entity625 . If a @entity1 does develop @entity625 secondary to athletics, the treatment is not different than that offered for a spontaneously occurring arthritic joint. If an operation is necessary, the best operation depends a good deal on the goals of the @entity1 . Continued athletic participation may be reasonable as long as the athletic activity is not vigorous and does not involve running and jumping or contact. The recommended athletic activities for @entity1 with @entity625 and for those having operations for @entity625 are swimming, hiking, bicycling, walking, and golfing. The operations recommended for arthritic @entity1 under the age of 30 should be biologic operations such as fusion or osteotomy. In @entity1 aged 30 to 45, the operation should be correlated to lifestyle and desired level of activity. A biologic operation is better for highly active @entity1 . When @entity1 reach the age of 45 or are older, total joint replacement usually is preferable because of the improved clinical functional results and the decreased stress on surrounding joints with arthroplasty. If @entity1 are older than 60 years, total joint replacement is the operation of choice and usually will include a cemented prosthesis. Some surgeons at this time do prefer cementless total-joint replacement for all @entity1 regardless of age. @entity1 who have @entity625 can have a satisfying athletic and exercise routine if they simply apply common sense to the manner in which they conduct their activities.

title: XXXX and athletics.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'people']

entities_list: @entity2720 :: ('MESH:D007592', 'Disease') :: ['arthritic joints']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['arthritis']

answer: @entity625 :: (MESH:D001168,Disease) :: ['Arthritis']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity11339 is a complex cluster of @entity154 , these @entity1 may have @entity2167 . Our objective was to assess preoperative factors and outcomes for paediatric cochlear implant recipients with @entity11339 , to enable better surgical preparation and family counselling. METHODS: The Sydney Cochlear Implant Centre database was searched for @entity1 with @entity11339 who had received a cochlear implant at ages 16 and less. Data were collected regarding clinical history; hearing assessments; MRI and CT scan findings; preoperative transtympanic electrical Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR); intraoperative findings and intraoperative electrical ABR and Neural Response Telemetry; and language outcomes in terms of main language used and Categories of Auditory Performance scores (0-7 ranking). RESULTS: Ten @entity1 were identified. All seven prelingual profoundly deaf @entity1 with @entity11339 had @entity2150 or absent auditory nerves bilaterally on MRI scans. Middle ear anatomy was often abnormal, affecting surgical landmarks and making identification of the cochlea very difficult in some cases. Three cases required repeated surgery to obtain successful cochlear implant insertion, one under CT scan image guided technique. All seven @entity1 used sign language, or simpler gestures, as their main mode of communication. Two @entity1 of of these @entity1 , who were implanted early, also attained some spoken language. @entity9527 scores ranged from 0 to 6. The three @entity1 with @entity11339 and progressive @entity1274 had a normal auditory nerve in at least one ear on MRI scans. All had preoperative verbal language, with @entity9527 scores of 6, and continued with @entity9527 scores of 6 following receipt of the cochlear implant. CONCLUSION: @entity1 with @entity11339 and congenital profound @entity393 all had @entity509 or absent auditory nerves, affecting their outcomes with cochlear implants. They often had markedly abnormal middle ear anatomy and CT image guided surgery can be helpful. These @entity1 should be offered a bilingual early intervention approach, using sign language and verbal language, to ensure best language outcomes. @entity1 with @entity11339 and progressive profound @entity393 did well with cochlear implants and continue to be able to use verbal language.

title: XXXX and Cochlear implantation: Difficulties and outcomes in the paediatric population.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['congenital abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity2167 :: ('MESH:D006311', 'Disease') :: ['absent or hypoplastic auditory nerves']

entities_list: @entity2150 :: ('MESH:D000741', 'Disease') :: ['hypoplastic']

entities_list: @entity11339 :: ('MESH:D058747', 'Disease') :: ['CHARGE', 'CHARGE syndrome']

entities_list: @entity509 :: ('MESH:C538429', 'Disease') :: ['hypoplasia']

entities_list: @entity1274 :: ('MESH:D006319', 'Disease') :: ['sensorineural hearing loss']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing loss']

answer: @entity11339 :: (MESH:D058747,Disease) :: ['CHARGE syndrome']


abstract: PURPOSE: Pipkin type IV @entity2738 ( @entity2738 ) @entity174 was thought as poor prognosis. There were several surgical approaches and treatments for this difficult @entity174 . However, there was no one treatment superior to another. We reviewed a serious of @entity1 with Pipkin type IV @entity2738 @entity174 underwent surgery via a modified Gibson approach. METHODS: We reviewed a consecutive series of nine @entity1 with Pipkin type IV @entity2738 @entity174 under surgery via a modified Gibson approach between 2012 and 2013. The surgical procedure was completely described, and the radiological outcome and the functional outcome were also reviewed. RESULTS: The mean follow-up duration was 17 (12-30) months. The mean Merle d'Aubigne score was 16 (8-19). Seven @entity1 had anatomical reductions, and two had imperfect reductions by Matta's grading. There was no early posttraumatic @entity571 during the follow-up period. One @entity1 with early post-traumatic @entity2530 3 months after index surgery underwent total hip arthroplasty. CONCLUSIONS: Through this surgery approach to fix the @entity2738 and the acetabulum, the radiological and the functional results were satisfactory. We still need more @entity1 with prospective study to find an optimal surgical approach for Pipkin type IV @entity2738 @entity174 .

title: Surgical treatment for Pipkin type IV femoral XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity2738 :: ('MESH:D005271', 'Disease') :: ['FH', 'femoral head']

entities_list: @entity2530 :: ('MESH:D010020', 'Disease') :: ['osteonecrosis']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['head fracture']


abstract: Clinicians need to know whether @entity4480 is effective in @entity1 across a broad range of @entity308 and @entity308 severity. Data were pooled from nine randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies in major @entity308 (total N=2227) comparing @entity4480 (40-120 mg/day) with placebo for 8-9 weeks. @entity1 were retrospectively stratified by baseline score on the HAMD17 into mild (< or =19; n=682), moderate (n=1099), or severe (> or =25; n=446) groups. @entity4480 produced significantly greater baseline-to-endpoint mean change than placebo in HAMD17 total score, Maier and retardation subscales, and the Clinical Global Impressions-Severity of Illness scale in all three cohorts. Significant improvement was seen in HAMD17 items 1 ( @entity308 mood), 3 (suicide), 7 (work and activities), and 10 ( @entity148 ) regardless of severity. The HAMD17 @entity148 subscale and items 13 (somatic symptoms-general) and 15 ( @entity16251 ) showed significant improvement only in moderately and severely ill @entity1 . Significant improvement in the HAMD17 Maier subscale was seen in all groups by week 1. In all three groups, placebo was significantly superior to @entity4480 at early visits on HAMD17 item 12 (somatic symptoms-GI). Mildly and severely ill @entity1 exhibited significant reduction in visual analog scale overall @entity158 severity at the study endpoint. The studies contained fewer @entity1 with very mild or very severe illness, limiting our ability to draw conclusions in these @entity1 populations. @entity4480 demonstrated superior efficacy in the treatment of major @entity308 , when compared with placebo, regardless of the baseline severity of @entity308 , although effect sizes were largest in the most severely @entity308 @entity1 .

title: Evidence for the efficacy of XXXX in treating mild, moderate, and severe @entity308 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive disorder', 'depressive symptoms', 'depressed', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['anxiety', 'psychic anxiety']

entities_list: @entity4480 :: ('MESH:C058218', 'Chemical') :: ['duloxetine', 'Duloxetine']

entities_list: @entity16251 :: ('MESH:D006998', 'Disease') :: ['hypochondriasis']

answer: @entity4480 :: (MESH:C058218,Chemical) :: ['duloxetine']


abstract: The pathogenesis of @entity1073 , a special subtype of @entity706 that is invasive and indolent and has a median survival of 3 to 4 years, is still partially unexplained. Much research about genes and miRNAs has been conducted in recent years, but interactions and regulatory relations of genetic elements which may play a vital role in genesis of @entity11708 have attracted only limited attention. The present study concentrated on regulatory relations about genes and miRNAs contributing to @entity11708 pathogenesis. Numerous experimentally validated raw data were organized into three topology networks, comprising differentially expressed, associated and global examples. Comparison of similarities and dissimilarities of the three regulating networks, paired with the analysis of the interactions between pairs of elements in every network, revealed that the differentially expressed network illuminated the carcinogenicity mechanism of @entity11708 and the related network further described the regulatory relations involved, including prevention, diagnosis, development and therapy. Three kinds of regulatory relations for host genes including miRNAs, miRNAs targeting genes and genes regulating miRNAs were concluded macroscopically. Regulation of the differentially expressed miRNAs was also analyzed, in terms of abnormal gene expression affecting the @entity11708 pathogenesis. Special regulatory relations were uncovered. For example, auto-regulatory loops were found in the three topology networks, key pathways of the nodes being highlighted. The present study focused on a novel point of view revealing important influencing factors for @entity11708 pathogenesis.

title: Network Analysis of microRNAs, Genes and their Regulation in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1073 :: ('MESH:D020522', 'Disease') :: ['mantle cell lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma']

answer: @entity1073 :: (MESH:D020522,Disease) :: ['Mantle Cell Lymphoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Identify from the R  AC registry, out-of-hospital sudden @entity1167 in Caen and it's suburbs, to study epidemiology and assess our medical practices. STUDY DESIGN: Observational, prospective and monocentric study. @entity1 AND METHODS: From March 2012 to March 2013, we identified 151 @entity1 . Demographic parameters, delays until treatment, drugs given and @entity1 outcomes were analyzed from the R  AC data registry. Depending on the variable studied, the statistical analysis used Mann-Whitney or the Chi(2) tests. RESULTS: Twenty-two @entity1 were excluded (no resuscitation attempt and @entity1 who were transported to hospital with chest compressions only, in the absence of spontaneous circulation). One hundred and twenty-nine sudden cardiac arrests were analyzed: 107 (83%) with medical origin and 22 (17%) with traumatic origin. Direct witnesses were present for 94 (73%) of them. Basic life support actions were begun for 59 (46%) @entity1 and a telephone advice was issued by the medical response team for 47 (36%) of them. After an advanced life support, 74 (57%) @entity1 died on the spot. Of the 55 @entity1 reaching the hospital alive, 39 (71%) died in the intensive care unit and 16 (29%) were discharged alive from hospital, of whom 14 (88%) with a favorable neurological outcome. CONCLUSION: R  AC national registry has allowed us to analyze epidemiological data on out-of-hospital sudden cardiac arrests in our center. This register has also allowed us to highlight areas for improvement. They should be taken into account to improve our medical practices.

title: [Epidemiology of out-of-hospital sudden XXXX in     Basse-Normandie     according to R  AC registry].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PATIENTS', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrest']

answer: @entity1167 :: (MESH:D006323,Disease) :: ['cardiac arrest']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity3957 ( @entity3958 ) can act as a signaling molecule for various ion channels and/or transporters; however, little is known about its potential involvement in @entity141 balance. Using developing @entity3392 ( @entity3392 ) as an in vivo model system, the present study demonstrated that acute exposure to @entity3958 donors increased @entity141 influx at 4 days postfertilization, while chronic (3-day) exposure caused a rise in whole body @entity141 levels. The mRNA expression of @entity141 -transport-related genes was unaffected by @entity3958 exposure, suggesting that posttranscriptional modifications were responsible for the altered rates of @entity141 uptake. Indeed, treatment of fish with the protein kinase A inhibitor @entity9501 abolished the @entity3958 -mediated stimulation of @entity141 influx, suggesting that @entity3958 increased @entity141 influx by activating @entity268 -protein kinase A pathways. @entity3959 b-synthase (CBS) and @entity3959 y-lyase (CSE) are two key enzymes in the endogenous synthesis of @entity3958 . Using an antisense morpholino knockdown approach, we demonstrated that @entity141 influx was reduced in @entity63939 ( @entity63939 )- but not in CSE-deficient fish. Interestingly, the reduction in @entity141 influx in @entity63939 -deficient fish was observed only in fish that were acclimated to low- @entity141 water (i.e., 25  M @entity141 ; control: 250  M @entity141 ). Similarly, mRNA expression of @entity63939 but not cse was increased in fish acclimated to low- @entity141 water. Results from whole-mount immunohistochemistry further revealed that @entity63939 was expressed in @entity4024 - @entity3529 -ATPase-rich cells, which are implicated in @entity141 uptake in @entity3392 larvae. Collectively, the present study suggests a novel role for @entity3958 in promoting @entity141 influx, particularly in a low- @entity141 environment.

title: XXXX promotes calcium uptake in larval @entity3392 .

entities_list: @entity3959 :: ('MESH:D003540', 'Chemical') :: ['Cystathionine', 'cystathionine']

entities_list: @entity3957 :: ('MESH:D006862', 'Chemical') :: ['Hydrogen sulfide']

entities_list: @entity3392 :: ('7955', 'Species') :: ['Danio rerio', 'zebrafish']

answer: @entity3957 :: (MESH:D006862,Chemical) :: ['Hydrogen sulfide']


abstract: The extent of @entity583 is a key determinant of structural and functional remodeling following @entity583 ( @entity583 ). @entity1188 volume in experimental models of @entity583 can be determined accurately by in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), but this is costly and not widely available. Experimental studies therefore commonly assess injury by histological analysis of sections sampled from the infarcted heart, an approach that is labor intensive, can be subjective, and does not fully assess the extent of injury. The present study aimed to assess the suitability of optical projection tomography (OPT) for identification of injured myocardium and for accurate and efficient assessment of @entity1188 volume. Intact, perfusion-fixed, optically cleared hearts, collected from @entity19 7 days after induction of @entity583 by @entity1563 , were scanned by a tomograph for autofluorescence emission after UV excitation, generating >400 transaxial sections for reconstruction. Differential autofluorescence permitted discrimination between viable and injured myocardium and highlighted the heterogeneity within the @entity1188 zone. Two-dimensional @entity1188 areas derived from OPT imaging and Masson's trichrome staining of slices from the same heart were highly correlated (r(2) = 0.99, P < 0.0001). @entity1188 volume derived from reconstructed OPT sections correlated with volume derived from in vivo late @entity2287 enhancement MRI (r(2) = 0.7608, P < 0.005). Tissue processing for OPT did not compromise subsequent immunohistochemical detection of endothelial cell and inflammatory cell markers. OPT is thus a nondestructive, efficient, and accurate approach for routine in vitro assessment of @entity19 @entity583 volume.

title: Optical projection tomography permits efficient assessment of @entity1188 volume in the XXXX heart postmyocardial @entity1188 .

entities_list: @entity1563 :: ('MESH:D054059', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery occlusion']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['Infarct', 'infarct']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'MI', 'infarct injury', 'myocardial infarct']

entities_list: @entity2287 :: ('MESH:D005682', 'Chemical') :: ['gadolinium']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['murine']


abstract: PURPOSE: To examine the safety of @entity1138 ( @entity1139 ) use in pediatric @entity726 surgery. DESIGN: Retrospective interventional case series. @entity1 : One hundred eighty pediatric @entity726 @entity1 younger than 7 years of age (254 eyes) who underwent @entity726 surgery and were followed for at least 1 year participated. INTERVENTIONS: Surgeries consisted of trabeculectomy or combined trabeculotomy-trabeculectomy with adjunctive use of @entity1139 . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Control of intraocular pressure (IOP) and occurrence of complications were measured. An IOP below 21 mmHg without any additional medical or surgical treatment was considered a success. RESULTS: Primary @entity10064 was present in 98% of the @entity1 . Sixty percent had a trabeculectomy, and 40% had a trabeculotomy-trabeculectomy. The combined surgery was performed mostly in @entity1 up to 1 year of age. Complications were @entity4530 (19), @entity4530 (4), @entity1713 (3), flat anterior chamber (3), @entity231 (2), and @entity3225 (1). @entity1 younger than 2 years of age had fewer complications but higher failure rates. The combined procedure in @entity1 up to 2 years of age was moderately more successful (57%) than trabeculectomy alone (39%). Minimal complications seen in this group were more likely related to young age than to the type of surgery. Complications increased with time after surgery, with most occurring 2 years or more after surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Success of @entity1139 -augmented @entity726 filtering surgery increased with age, as did the complication rate. Serious complications were uncommon in the authors' group of pediatric @entity1 up to now. However, complications related to @entity4530 thinning increased with time after surgery, and additional problems can be anticipated with longer follow-up.

title: Effectiveness and complications of @entity1138 use during pediatric XXXX surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Children', 'infants', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

entities_list: @entity4530 :: ('MESH:D001768', 'Disease') :: ['bleb leak', 'cystic bleb', 'bleb']

entities_list: @entity1713 :: ('MESH:D012163', 'Disease') :: ['retinal detachment']

entities_list: @entity1138 :: ('MESH:D016685', 'Chemical') :: ['mitomycin C']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity10064 :: ('MESH:C565547', 'Disease') :: ['congenital glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity3225 :: ('MESH:D009877', 'Disease') :: ['endophthalmitis']

answer: @entity726 :: (MESH:D005901,Disease) :: ['glaucoma']


abstract: Bone is a dynamic organ system that is directly related to @entity460 and phosphor metabolism. Imbalance in these two parameters upon aging or menopause leads to @entity170 . Recently, it was also shown by researchers that high blood pressure in elderly @entity1 is statistically associated with decreased bone mineral content at the femoral neck, which may increase the susceptibility to @entity174 . The aim of our study was to investigate the effects of different doses of @entity3591 and @entity25007 on ovariectomized @entity35 femurs' @entity460 and phosphor content. Bone @entity460 and @entity35525 concentration was measured by a Wavelength Dispersive Spectrometer. @entity460 contents of the @entity35 femurs were significantly lower in the ovariectomized group than in the sham group eight weeks after the operation. @entity3591 treatment at doses of 1 and 3 mg/kg significantly increased the @entity460 (P<0.01) and phosphor concentrations (P<0.01) in the femurs of ovariectomized @entity35 , compared to those of control (ovariectomized) group. Both doses of @entity25007 (1 and 3 mg/kg) also effectively increased @entity460 concentrations (P<0.01) significantly in ovariectomized @entity35 . On the other hand @entity3591 treatment at doses of 1 and 3 mg/kg significantly increased the @entity460 (P<0.01) and phosphor concentrations (P<0.01) in the femurs of ovariectomized @entity35 compared with those of the sham group. In conclusion, @entity3591 and @entity25007 improved the @entity604 in an ovariectomy induced @entity6092 @entity35 model. Our findings suggest that potent @entity460 channel blockers such as @entity3591 and @entity25007 have a beneficial effect on bone metabolism, and an antihypertensive effect.

title: Protective effects of @entity3591 and XXXX on ovariectomy-induced @entity604 in @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity25007 :: ('MESH:C060285', 'Chemical') :: ['lacidipine']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures']

entities_list: @entity604 :: ('MESH:D016301', 'Disease') :: ['bone loss']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity35525 :: ('CHEBI:28659', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphor']

entities_list: @entity3591 :: ('MESH:D017311', 'Chemical') :: ['amlodipine', 'Amlodipine']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium', 'Calcium']

entities_list: @entity6092 :: ('MESH:C567172', 'Disease') :: ['osteopenic']

answer: @entity25007 :: (MESH:C060285,Chemical) :: ['lacidipine']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the cooperation effect of @entity1900 (ING1b), coded protein of the novel @entity5 -suppressor gene ING1b, with @entity876 gene on the cell growth, cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and expression of the @entity876 downstream gene @entity994 ( @entity994 / @entity994 ) in @entity157 . METHODS: Recombinant plasmids pcDNA3-INGIb containing sense @entity1900 (ING1b) cDNA, and pCMV-wtp53 containing sense @entity876 gene, and were transfected into HepG2, @entity9294 /PRF/5 and Hep3B @entity157 cell lines with different @entity876 endogenous expression status using lipofecTAMINE method. Recombinant plasmids pcDNA3-alphaING1b containing antisense @entity1900 (ING1b) cDNA, pCMV-alphawtp53 containing antisense @entity876 gene, and plain vector as control were transfected into the cells. Forty-eight hours after transfection, the apoptosis rates were detected and cell cycle arrest were analyzed by flow cytometry. The expression of @entity1900 (ING1b) and wtp53 proteins were detected by Western blot. The luciferase gene reporter plasmid drived by @entity994 ( @entity994 / @entity994 ) promoter was also transfected into the cells to analyze the activation of @entity994 ( @entity994 / @entity994 ) gene in @entity157 cells. Then 6% @entity1068 was added into the in DMEM culture medium and all of the above experiments were repeated. RESULTS: After the @entity1900 (ING1b) gene was transfected, the apoptosis rate of HepG2 cells which express endogenous wtp53 was enhanced (22.53%), the number of cells arrested in G(0)/G(1) phase was increased (67.45%), and the activation of @entity994 ( @entity994 / @entity994 ) promoter reached the highest level (13.08) (all P < 0.01). In the @entity9294 /PRF/5 cells which express endogenous mutant @entity876 , after combined @entity1900 (ING1b) and wtp53 gene transfection the percentage of cells arrested in G(0)/G(1) phase (78.16%) and the activation of @entity994 ( @entity994 / @entity994 ) promoter (12.99) were higher than those in the experiment groups transfected with @entity1900 (ING1b) or wtp53 gene alone (both P < 0.01), however, the difference in apoptosis rate was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). After 6% @entity1068 treatment, apoptosis rate of @entity9294 /PRF/5 cells transfected with combined @entity1900 (ING1b) and wtp53 gene was increased significantly (42.8%). The apoptosis rate and cell cycle arrest were not significantly different between the Hep3B cells with deletion of wtp53 which were transfected with @entity1900 (ING1b) and wtp53 gene and those of the control group (P > 0.05), however, the activity of the @entity994 ( @entity994 / @entity994 ) promoter was activated in the combined transfectlion group (10.32, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: @entity1900 (ING1b) cooperate with wtp53 in the process of inhibiting @entity157 cell growth, inducing apoptosis, and activating @entity876 downstream gene @entity994 ( @entity994 / @entity994 ), and after chemical inducing reagent treatment the cooperation between @entity1900 (ING1b) and wtp53 gene is enhanced.

title: [Study of cooperation of @entity5 suppressor @entity1900 (ING1b) with XXXX gene in @entity157 ].

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['hepatoma', 'hepatocellular carcinoma']

answer: @entity876 :: (7157,Gene) :: ['p53']


abstract: In the present study we tested the hypothesis that two isoforms of the regulatory subunit B of vacuolar-type ATPase (V-ATPase) are expressed in the @entity3392 @entity3392 . The complete coding sequences for both isoforms, @entity63806 and @entity63807 , were cloned and sequenced. BLASTX analysis revealed the greatest similarity to @entity535 sequences of B subunits from the @entity4715 @entity4715 and @entity5660 @entity5660 . The isoforms were expressed in a bacterial system and the recombinant proteins verified using isoform-specific antibodies directed against vatB isoforms of the eel. The distribution of both isoforms in @entity3392 tissues was investigated using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis. The results revealed that at the RNA level both isoforms were expressed in all tested organs, i.e. the gills, swimbladder, heart, kidney, liver, spleen, intestine and skeletal muscle. At the protein level, however, there were tissue-specific variations in the levels of the two vatB isoforms expressed. The highest amounts of V-ATPase were detected in total protein preparations from gill, heart and liver tissue. In liver tissue, however, the western blot analysis indicated that @entity63806 was not as prominent as @entity63807 , and immunohistochemistry revealed that antibodies directed against @entity63806 yielded a very weak staining in a number of cells, while an antibody directed against @entity63806 and @entity63807 yielded a strong staining in virtually every cell. Similarly, neurosecretory cells of the small intestine were stained with an antibody directed against @entity63806 and @entity63807 , but not with an antibody specific for @entity63806 . Therefore we conclude that the differential expression of two isoforms of the V-ATPase subunits, which may serve different functions as in several @entity1 species, may also be a common phenomenon in teleost fish.

title: Expression of two isoforms of the vacuolar-type ATPase subunit B in the XXXX @entity3392 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian']

entities_list: @entity5660 :: ('8022', 'Species') :: ['Oncorhynchus mykiss', 'rainbow trout']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity3392 :: ('7955', 'Species') :: ['Danio rerio', 'zebrafish']

entities_list: @entity4715 :: ('7936', 'Species') :: ['European eel', 'Anguilla anguilla']

answer: @entity3392 :: (7955,Species) :: ['zebrafish']


abstract: BACKGROUND: There is little information about the need for orthopaedic surgery in adults with @entity306 ; we wanted to assess this problem. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The material included 37 adults with @entity306 (19 @entity1 and 18 @entity1 ), mean age 39. The degree of @entity717 was mild in 19 cases, moderate or severe in 18. The @entity1 were assessed by clinical examination and radiographs of hips and spine. RESULTS: 15 @entity1 had @entity158 located to the spine or lower extremities but no-one had severe or invalidating @entity158 . Subjects with moderate or severe disability had a markedly reduced range of motion in the hip and knee joints. @entity7194 or @entity572 was found in six @entity1 but only one of them had @entity158 . Orthopaedic surgery had been performed in 23 @entity1 . In 8 @entity1 we found indications for additional orthopaedic surgery aimed at relieving @entity158 , reducing contractures or improving function. The most frequent procedures would be tenotomies in the hip and knee regions, heel cord lengthening, and triple arthrodesis of the foot. INTERPRETATION: Regular follow-up of adults with @entity306 is recommended in order to reveal musculoskeletal problems that can be improved by orthopaedic surgery.

title: [Orthopaedic problems in adults with XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity7194 :: ('MESH:D007906', 'Disease') :: ['Subluxation']

entities_list: @entity572 :: ('MESH:D006617', 'Disease') :: ['dislocation of the hip joints']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'hip pain']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['physical disability']

entities_list: @entity306 :: ('MESH:D002547', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral palsy']

answer: @entity306 :: (MESH:D002547,Disease) :: ['cerebral palsy']


abstract: The value of chemotherapy in advanced @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) remains contentious. Because of this two separate but very similar trials were set up in Australia and Southampton (UK). Two hundred and one @entity1 with stage IIIb or IV @entity1149 were randomly assigned to @entity900 120 mg m-2 on days 1 and 29 and @entity7324 3 mg m-2 weekly x 6 or to no chemotherapy. Both groups were eligible to receive radiotherapy or other palliative treatment as required. Of 188 evaluable @entity1 , 97 received chemotherapy and 91 were in the control arm. Response was assessed between days 42 and 49. Responders continued chemotherapy at the same doses though @entity900 being given 6 weekly x 4 and the @entity7324 2 weekly x 12. The overall response rate to chemotherapy was 28%; there were no significant differences according to major prognostic criteria. Although the overall survival of the chemotherapy group (median 27 weeks) was longer than that of the no chemotherapy group (median 17 weeks) this was not statistically significant (log rank P = 0.33). For @entity1 without dissemination (IIIb), median survival was 45 weeks in the chemotherapy arm and 26 weeks in the non-chemotherapy (log rank P = 0.075). @entity137 was universal and frequently severe: of 17 @entity1 discontinuing chemotherapy after one cycle, 13 did so because of unacceptable @entity137 . This chemotherapy cannot be recommended as routine treatment. Further phase III studies of chemotherapy in advanced @entity1149 should continue to use a no chemotherapy control and should also attempt to measure quality of life, an issue not addressed effectively in this or other recent trials.

title: A randomised trial of @entity900 and @entity7324 versus supportive care only in advanced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'Toxicity']

entities_list: @entity7324 :: ('MESH:D014751', 'Chemical') :: ['vindesine']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']


abstract: The clinical course and sequel of the life-threatening @entity360 during the treatment of strongyloides helmintic hyperinfection induced by immunosuppression in a @entity1 with multiple @entity1582 is presented. A 55-year old male @entity1 was diagnosed with @entity281 with stool analysis and intestinal biopsy shortly after his combined chemotherapy for @entity1582 . He was commenced on albendazole anthelmintic therapy. However, after initiation of the treatment he suffered life-threatening @entity360 . Repeated endoscopies, including intraoperative enteroscopy, concluded to diffuse multifocal intestinal @entity548 . The @entity1 required huge amounts of red blood cells and plasma transfusions and correction of haemostasis with recombinant activated factor VII. Abdominal aorto-angiography showed numerous microaneurysms (" @entity439 ") in the superior and inferior mesenteric arteries' territories. While the biopsy taken prior to the treatment with @entity3753 did not show evidence of @entity1333 , the biopsy taken after initiation of therapy revealed @entity1423 around the vessels which was also consistent with @entity1333 . These findings suggest that--in addition to direct destruction of the @entity1333 could be an important additive factor to the massive @entity360 during the anthelmintic treatment. This might result from substances released by the worms that have been killed with anthelmintic drugs. Current guidelines advise @entity230 to be tapered and stopped in case of systematic parasitic @entity281 as they reduce immunity and precipitate parasitic hyperinfection. In our pinion, @entity134 therapy might be of value in the management of strongyloides hyperinfection related @entity1333 --in addition to the specific anthelmintic treatment. Indeed, @entity134 therapy of @entity1333 with other means of supportive care yielded in sequel of the @entity548 and in recovery of the @entity1 .

title: [Life-threatening XXXX related to the treatment of strongyloidiasis hyperinfection in an immunocompromised @entity1 ].

entities_list: @entity3753 :: ('MESH:D015766', 'Chemical') :: ['albendazole']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity1333 :: ('MESH:D014657', 'Disease') :: ['mucosa-vasculitis', 'vasculitis']

entities_list: @entity1423 :: ('MESH:D001791', 'Disease') :: ['leukoclastic aggregations']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['strongyloides infection', 'infections']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['berry aneurysms']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['GI bleeding', 'gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding']

answer: @entity360 :: (MESH:D006471,Disease) :: ['gastrointestinal bleeding']


abstract: METHODS: Leptomeningeal @entity3 (LM) in the setting of @entity11 have often been thought to carry a particularly poor prognosis. We sought to better characterize this phenomenon through a review of @entity1 with @entity11 seen in our institution over the preceding 10   years. We focus here on 34 cases with LM due to grade III or IV @entity11 . Over the period in question, we estimate a prevalence of almost 4% in those affected by grade IV @entity5 . RESULTS: Leptomeningeal spread was present at the time of initial diagnosis in 4 @entity1 . Among the others, LM occurred at the time of first progression of disease in 17. The median time to development of LM (excluding those where it was present at initial diagnosis) was 16.4   months [95% confidence interval (CI) 8.2-43.9]. The median time to further progression of disease following LM was 4.9   months (95% CI 3.1-6.9). Twenty-five @entity1 were known to have died at the time of writing. Thus, median @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) was 10.2   months (95% CI 8.8-14.7) following LM. At the time of diagnosis of LM, some form of treatment (chemotherapy and/or radiation vs. no treatment) increased @entity1349 (median 11.7 vs. 3.3   months, p   <   0.001 by log-rank test). Use of radiation therapy (vs. no radiation) also increased @entity1349 , although the effect was more modest (7.8 vs. 16.8   months, p   =   0.07). Higher Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) at the time of diagnosis of LM was associated with @entity1349 (p   =   0.007, median @entity1349 for KPS >= 90 19   months vs. 7.8 for KPS <90). In a two-variable model incorporating the use any treatment (vs. none) and KPS, the latter tended to be a more significant predictor of survival (p   =   0.22 vs. p   =   0.06 by likelihood-ratio test). This was also true for radiation (vs. none) and KPS (p   =   0.27 vs. p   =   0.02). No significant benefit could be demonstrated for the use of chemotherapy considered alone, either systemic or intrathecal. It should be noted that 4 of 9 @entity1 receiving intrathecal chemotherapy had a ventriculo-peritoneal shunt in place during these injections, which may have reduced its effectiveness. CONCLUSION: Overall, treatment appears to improve outcomes. We favor maximal treatment, as tolerated, particularly with a KPS of >= 70. Such treatment would typically include radiation to the maximum tolerated dose, concurrent, and adjuvant chemotherapy (preferably with an alkyating agent), in addition to intrathecal treatment.

title: Leptomeningeal XXXX in high-grade @entity11 : development, diagnosis, management, and outcomes in a series of 34 @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['metastases']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Anti- @entity378 drug induced hepatotoxicity (ATDH) is a major adverse drug reaction associated for anti- @entity378 therapy. The glutathione S-transferases (GST) plays a crucial role in the detoxification of hepatotoxic metabolites of anti- @entity378 drugs.An association between @entity9164 / @entity4192 null mutations and increased risk of ATDH has been demonstrated in adults. Given the ethnic differences and developmental changes, our study aims to investigate the potential impacts of @entity9164 / @entity4192 genotypes on the development of ATDH in Han Chinese @entity1 treated with anti- @entity378 therapy. METHODS: Children receiving anti- @entity378 therapy with or without evidence of ATDH were considered as the cases or controls, respectively. The @entity9164 and @entity4192 genotyping were performed using the polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: One hundred sixty-three @entity1 (20 cases and 143 controls) with a mean age of 4.7 years (range: 2 months-14.1 years) were included. For the @entity9164 , 14 (70.0%) cases and 96 (67.1%) controls had homozygous null mutations. For the @entity4192 , 13 (65.0%) cases and 97 (67.8%) controls had homozygous null mutations. Neither the @entity9164 , nor the @entity4192 polymorphism was significantly correlated with the occurrence of ATHD. CONCLUSION: Ourresults did not support the @entity9164 and @entity4192 polymorphisms as the predictors of ADTH in Chinese Han @entity1 treated with anti- @entity378 drugs. An age-related association between pharmacogenetics and ATHD need to be confirmed in the further study.

title: Impact of glutathione s-transferase m1 and t1 on anti- XXXX drug-induced hepatotoxicity in chinese pediatric @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity378 :: ('MESH:D014376', 'Disease') :: ['tuberculosis']

answer: @entity378 :: (MESH:D014376,Disease) :: ['tuberculosis']