abstract: The incidence of @entity5 increases with advancing age, but the biological behavior of @entity5 is known to be less aggressive in elderly @entity1 . Thus, the proliferative activity and extent of apoptosis of @entity5 cells were assessed in samples from 163 cases of @entity14 focusing on the age of @entity1 , using Ki-67 @entity894 ( @entity894 ) and apoptotic index (AI) by @entity10730 ( @entity10730 )-mediated @entity1977 nick end labeling method and staining for activated @entity522 . The Ki-67 @entity894 of @entity14 ranged from 2.33 to 80.4% (mean 32.2%), while the AI ranged from 0.00 to 14.8% (mean 3.57%). Concerning the aging effect, linear and positive correlations were found for the Ki-67 @entity894 of @entity5 with age (p<0.05) and the AI of @entity5 with age (p<0.05). However, in normal colorectal mucosa, aging of @entity1 revealed a significant correlation only with the AI but not with the Ki-67 @entity894 . The AI in earlier stages of @entity5 (stages 0 and 1) revealed a significant difference between younger cases (age<65) and more elderly cases (age>/=65) (p<0.05), however, the Ki-67 @entity894 did not exhibit a significant difference. Therefore, an increased frequency of apoptosis in @entity14 tissues, especially in the earlier stages, may possibly explain the slower growth of @entity14 in the elderly. Next, the expressions of several regulatory molecules for the proliferation/apoptosis of @entity5 cells were determined. The results demonstrated a tendency for stronger and more frequent expressions of @entity517 , @entity2428 and @entity589 despite a rather weaker expression of @entity588 in @entity5 tissues from the elderly compared with those from the younger @entity1 . The potential roles of these regulatory molecules on age-change in the proliferation/apoptosis of @entity14 are discussed.

title: Incidence of apoptosis increases with age in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity10730 :: ('1791', 'Gene') :: ['terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase', 'TdT']

entities_list: @entity894 :: ('MESH:C566784', 'Disease') :: ['labeling index', 'LI']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancers', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancers', 'colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: This paper is a qualitative descriptive study, which aims to analyze how the @entity4207 education concerning hand hygiene contributes to the pediatric @entity1 safety. This research was developed in an university hospital in Southern Brazil, in the pediatric unit, during the period of August to December, 2012. Sixteen healthcare professionals participated (doctors, nurses and physical therapists). A semi-structured interview was used to gather information. Data was organized by the software QSR Nvivo and analyzed using the content analysis technique. The results allowed us to list two thematic categories:"Hand hygiene and healthcare professionals' @entity4207 education"; and "Hand hygiene and professional life". The first thematic category will be presented in this paper. It was identified that the @entity4207 education contributes in an ineffective way to the creation of a @entity1 safety culture. According to the professionals, there are gaps during the educational process regarding hand hygiene. The topic is treated in an ineffective and not very significant way to the learning and adhesion of hand hygiene in the professional life. It is recommended that, for the internalization of the practice by future professionals, a transversal, continuous and systematical approach is adopted during the professional's training, evaluations concerning the hand hygiene are done throughout the @entity4207 life as well as healthcare professors bethink the topic.

title: [Health professionals and hand hygiene: a question of pediatric XXXX safety].

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: @entity8 ( @entity8 ) has aroused great interest these last years, especially after the discovery of the genes responsible for this disease. It remains a frequent cause of @entity177 ( @entity177 ). In this work we report the results of a multi-centre retrospective study. The data relates to 41 centres of nephrology and dialysis in Morocco, 308 Moroccan families and 420 observations. We have tried to determine the frequency of this pathology in Morocco, its complications and difficulties in taking care of it. The average age of the discovery of @entity8 was 46 +/- 3 years and the sex ratio was of 1.08. The @entity8 frequency among Moroccans who undergo dialysis was 6.5%. @entity158 was the most frequent symptom which revealed the disease (21%); while @entity177 at different stages was found in 17% of the @entity1 and @entity101 ( @entity101 ) in 11%. The clinic diagnosis was confirmed by echography in 95% of cases. The association with a @entity99 was found in 17.8% of the cases. In addition, to HBR and @entity293 , the complications were largely dominated by @entity177 and the difficulties in taking care of it because of economic problems. Through this the authors discuss and report the profile and the prognostics of this infection in our society, with a special focus on the evolution of the renal function, the delay in the diagnosis and the management.

title: [ @entity8 ( XXXX ). in Morocco. Multicenter study about 308 families].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease', 'ADPKD']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['high blood pressure', 'HBP']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal chronic failure', 'renal failure', 'chronic renal failure', 'CRF']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic cysts']

entities_list: @entity293 :: ('MESH:D014552', 'Disease') :: ['urinary tract infection']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['ADPKD']


abstract: @entity8057 ( @entity8057 ), a rare B-cell malignancy, is incurable. Conventional treatment consists of alkylating agents (especially @entity5805 ), with or without @entity288 . @entity10043 analogues such as @entity3118 are also active. Response rates to first-line therapy range from 38% to 85%. Discrepancies in response rates between different studies could be due to the small @entity1 populations in two studies and to differences in @entity1 characteristics and response criteria. Since 1990, several phase 2 trials of @entity10043 analogues have been done with previously treated @entity1 ; @entity3118 induced responses in about one third of @entity1 who were resistant to previous treatments. Response rates to @entity3118 in previously treated @entity1 range from 30% to 50% and are highest among @entity1 who are still sensitive to their primary therapy. The responses last from 32 to 41 months. The principal @entity137 of @entity3118 is myelosuppression. Trials of @entity3118 combination therapy with drugs such as rituximab are ongoing.

title: @entity3118 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity10043 :: ('MESH:C030985', 'Chemical') :: ['Purine', 'purine']

entities_list: @entity5805 :: ('MESH:D002699', 'Chemical') :: ['chlorambucil']

entities_list: @entity3118 :: ('MESH:C024352', 'Chemical') :: ['fludarabine']

entities_list: @entity8057 :: ('MESH:D008258', 'Disease') :: ['WM', "Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia"]

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity8057 :: (MESH:D008258,Disease) :: ['Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 6082 Background: Survivorship care plans (SCP) are recommended for @entity1 who have completed primary treatment and are transitioning to routine follow-up care. However, SCPs may be costly and their effectiveness is unproven. The objective of this study was to assess the cost effectiveness of a SCP for @entity0 survivors transitioning to routine follow-up care with their own family physician (FP) using data from a recent @entity23 ( @entity23 ). METHODS: Analysis used resource use and utility data for 408 @entity0 @entity1 enrolled in the @entity23 . In the intervention group, @entity1 received a SCP consisting of: a 30-minute educational session with a nurse who reviewed a treatment summary, a @entity1 -version of follow-up guidelines, brochures and information about local relevant supportive care resources; whilst FPs of intervention @entity1 received a copy of all documents plus the full guideline and a reminder table of recommended follow-up visits and tests. Analysis assessed the societal costs and quality adjusted life years (QALYs) for both groups over the two year follow up of the @entity23 . Health care resources including physician visits and laboratory tests were weighted by appropriate Canadian unit costs. Analysis also considered costs to @entity1 including travel and lost productivity assessed by the friction cost method. QALYs were assessed using the EQ5D questionnaire. Uncertainty concerning cost effectiveness was assessed through non parametric bootstrapping and deterministic sensitivity analysis. RESULTS: The SCP was estimated to cost  59.96 per @entity1 or  1.32 million per year in Canada given @entity0 incidence. The control group dominated the intervention group: as total costs per @entity1 were lower for the control group ( 736 versus  789) and total QALYs were higher (1.42 versus 1.41). The probability that the SCP was cost effective was 27% at a threshold value of a QALY of  50,000. Sensitivity analyses adopting a health care system perspective, using the @entity1 capital approach and including the cost of recurrences did not change the conclusions of the analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the findings of this trial, SCPs would be costly to introduce and would not be cost effective.

title: Cost-effectiveness of a survivorship care plan for XXXX survivors.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity23 :: ('MESH:D007174', 'Disease') :: ['RCT', 'randomized controlled trial']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: We previously showed that treatment of @entity263 cells with soy @entity6400 and radiation resulted in greater cell killing in vitro, and caused downregulation of NF-kappaB and @entity6471 / @entity6471 . @entity6471 / @entity6471 functions as a redox activator of transcription factors, including NF-kappaB and @entity7738 . These molecules are upregulated by radiation and implicated in radioresistance of @entity5 cells. We extended our studies to investigate the role of @entity7738 survival pathway and its upstream @entity7242 and @entity4104 molecules in @entity6400 and radiation interaction. Radiation induced phosphorylation of @entity7242 and @entity4104 leading to induction of @entity7738 . @entity670 , @entity8139 or a mixture of soy @entity6400 did not activate this pathway. These data were observed both in PC-3 (AR-) and C4-2B (AR+) @entity342 -independent cell lines. Pretreatment with @entity6400 inhibited @entity7242 / @entity4104 / @entity7738 activation by radiation and nuclear translocation of @entity7738 . These findings correlated with decreased expression of @entity6471 / @entity6471 and DNA binding activity of @entity7738 and NF-kappaB. In @entity6471 / @entity6471 cDNA transfected cells, radiation caused a greater increase in @entity7738 and NF-kappaB activities but this effect was inhibited by pretreatment with soy prior to radiation. Transfection experiments indicate that @entity6471 / @entity6471 inhibition by @entity6400 impairs the radiation-induced transcription activity of NF-kappaB and @entity7738 . This mechanism could result in the inhibition of genes essential for @entity5 growth and angiogenesis, as demonstrated by inhibition of VEGF production and HUVECs tube formation. Our novel findings suggest that the increased responsiveness to radiation mediated by soy @entity6400 could be due to pleiotropic effects of @entity6400 blocking cell survival pathways induced by radiation including @entity7242 / @entity4104 / @entity7738 , @entity6471 / @entity6471 and NF-kappaB.

title: Radiation-induced @entity7738 cell survival pathway is inhibited by soy @entity6400 in XXXX cells.

entities_list: @entity8139 :: ('MESH:C004742', 'Chemical') :: ['daidzein']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity670 :: ('MESH:D019833', 'Chemical') :: ['Genistein']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen']

entities_list: @entity6400 :: ('MESH:D007529', 'Chemical') :: ['isoflavones']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity4381 ( @entity5921 ) is a third-generation @entity5520 (BP), clinically used to treat @entity79 caused by @entity79 . Mechanistically, @entity5921 was recently shown to have direct pro-apoptotic effects on @entity5 cells and to inhibit @entity5 cell invasion, adhesion, proliferation, and angiogenesis. The molecular mechanism of @entity5921 -induced apoptosis remains unknown. In this study, we observed that @entity5921 induced apoptosis in @entity14 cells HCT116 and Caco-2. After HCT116 and Caco-2 cells were treated with @entity5921 , decreased fluorescence of JC-1 aggregates (590  nm) was seen in mitochondria. Western blotting analysis showed that @entity4674 was decreased in the mitochondria and increased in the cytosol, respectively. The effects were dependent on the concentration and treatment time by @entity5921 . In vivo experiments showed that @entity5921 inhibited the growth of xenograft @entity5 in @entity19 . @entity1710 and @entity1711 (H_E) staining of tissue samples showed a significantly increased apoptosis body in the @entity5921 -treated xenografts compared to control. Taken together, our data demonstrated that @entity5921 inhibits growth of HCT116 cells both in vitro and in vivo and induce apoptosis through the mitochondria pathway.

title: XXXX can promote apoptosis and inhibit the proliferation of @entity14 cells.

entities_list: @entity5520 :: ('D004164', 'Chemical') :: ['bisphosphonate']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['malignancies or bone resorption disorders', 'lytic bone lesions']

entities_list: @entity1710 :: ('MESH:D006416', 'Chemical') :: ['Hematoxylin']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity4381 :: ('MESH:C088658', 'Chemical') :: ['Zoledronate']

answer: @entity4381 :: (MESH:C088658,Chemical) :: ['Zoledronate']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 195 Background: As opposed to @entity1 with @entity0 who are in general treated with primary surgery, @entity1 with locally advanced @entity5 are usually treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). Optimal locoregional treatment after NAC starts with optimal staging before the start of NAC. METHODS: @entity1 with @entity0 underwent an FDG PET/CT of the thorax in prone position with hanging breasts. A panel of experienced reviewers blindly interpreted PET/CT images. RESULTS: In 154 @entity1 the FDG PET/CT was compared with conventional staging procedures (bone scintigraphy, ultrasound of the liver and chest radiography). We have shown that PET/CT has a higher sensitivity for the detection of distant @entity3 as no @entity3 were missed with the PET/CT and in 16 (80%) of 20 @entity1 with proven @entity3 , one or more lesions were exclusively found with PET/CT. This resulted in a change of treatment in 13 (8%) of 154 @entity1 . Furthermore we have shown that the FDG PET/CT offers a non-invasive procedure for the assessment of number of @entity5 -positive axillary nodes prior to NAC, enabling guidance for postoperative radiotherapy planning. In 311 @entity1 a PET/Ct scan was performed prior to the start of NAC for this purpose. A substantial proportion of @entity1 (16%) has been upstaged because of the detection of occult lymph node @entity3 in the internal mammary chain and periclavicular region, changing treatment in the majority of them. CONCLUSIONS: Based on these results we recommend performing an FDG PET/CT as a standard diagnostic procedure in stage II and III @entity0 @entity1 prior to NAC. Current research regarding the use of PET/CT in @entity0 focuses on monitoring the response of the @entity5 and axillary node @entity3 to NAC in order to optimize locoregional treatment after NAC according to the @entity5 response.

title: Clinical relevance of the use of FDG PET/CT in locally advanced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'primary tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['stage II-III breast cancer', 'breast cancer', 'early-stage breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: STUDY QUESTION: Is there a relation between the number of oocytes retrieved following ovarian stimulation and obstetric outcomes of @entity600 ( @entity600 ) and @entity258 ( @entity258 ) following IVF treatment? SUMMARY ANSWER: There is an increased risk of @entity600 (<37 weeks gestation) and @entity258 (<2500 g) following IVF in @entity1 with a high number (>20) of oocytes retrieved. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: Pregnancies resulting from assisted reproductive treatments (ART) are associated with a higher risk of pregnancy complications compared with spontaneously conceived pregnancies. Whether ovarian ageing in @entity1 with poor ovarian response is associated with an increased risk of adverse obstetric outcomes is debated. It is also unclear if an excessive response and high egg numbers following ovarian stimulation have an association with adverse obstetric outcomes. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: Observational study using anonymized data on all IVF cycles performed in the UK from August 1991 to June 2008. Data from 402 185 IVF cycles and 65 868 singleton live birth outcomes were analysed. @entity1 /MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS: Data on all @entity1 undergoing a stimulated fresh IVF cycle with at least one oocyte retrieved between 1991 and June 2008 were analysed for birth outcomes. Logistic regression analysis of the association between ovarian response (quantified as number of oocytes retrieved) and outcomes of @entity600 and @entity258 was performed. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: There was a significantly higher risk of adverse obstetric outcomes of @entity600 and @entity258 among @entity1 with an excessive response (>20 oocytes) compared with @entity1 with a normal response (10-15 oocytes): adjusted odds ratio (OR) 1.15, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.03-1.28 for @entity600 , adjusted OR 1.17, 95% CI 1.05-1.30 for @entity258 , respectively. There was no increased risk of the adverse outcomes among @entity1 with a poor ovarian response ( <=3 oocytes) compared with @entity1 with a normal response: adjusted OR 0.88, 95% CI 0.76-1.01 for @entity600 , adjusted OR 0.92, 95% CI 0.79-1.06 for @entity258 , respectively. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: Although the analysis was adjusted for a number of potential confounders, the dataset had no information on other important confounders such as smoking, BMI and the medical history of @entity1 during pregnancy. Furthermore, the dataset did not allow specific identification of @entity1 with @entity3610 and its anonymized nature did not make it permissible to analyse one cycle per @entity1 . WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS: Analysis of this large dataset suggests that a high oocyte number (>20) following IVF is associated with a higher risk of @entity600 and @entity258 . These findings lead to speculation whether @entity2670 and/or an altered endometrial milieu resulting from supraphysiological @entity479 levels underlie the unfavourable outcomes and warrant further research. Ovarian stimulation regimens should optimize the number of oocytes retrieved to avoid the risk of adverse outcomes associated with very high numbers of oocytes. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS: No funding was obtained. There are no competing interests to declare.

title: Increased risk of @entity600 and XXXX with very high number of oocytes following IVF: an analysis of 65 868 singleton live birth outcomes.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'woman', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['preterm birth', 'PTB']

entities_list: @entity2670 :: ('MESH:D010049', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity258 :: ('MESH:D009800', 'Disease') :: ['LBW', 'low birthweight']

answer: @entity258 :: (MESH:D009800,Disease) :: ['low birthweight']


abstract: BACKGROUND: It is extremely rare for pulmonary hilar lymph node @entity3 (PHLNM) of a @entity5 to be independently lethal. Here, we report an exceedingly rare case of cavitation in PHLNM from @entity0 triggering @entity456 and @entity3509 (BPFE), complicated with superior @entity4264 (SVCS). CASE REPORT: A 56-year-old @entity1 who had undergone left segmental mastectomy and axillary lymph node dissection due to left @entity0 was then treated for 1 year with postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy. Recurrence of right PHLNM was observed 2 years after the operation, for which 3 courses of bevacizumab ( @entity1493 ) and @entity1311 combination chemotherapy were administered. The @entity1 had @entity1353 and fever during the washout period, and CT examination revealed @entity292 formation between the right PHLNM cavitation and right main bronchus, so she was admitted for further treatment. This @entity292 rapidly progressed to BPFE, and contralateral aspiration was observed to cause @entity55 of the left lung. In addition, @entity4 of both upper limbs and head and neck were observed, and CT examination revealed SVCS caused by re-enlargement of PHLNM. Active treatment was performed, but the recommencement of chemotherapy was not possible, and she died on Day 150 of admission. CONCLUSIONS: We think that PHLNM deteriorated to central @entity39 due to chemotherapy with @entity1493 taking effect, leading to formation of BPFE. The case was also made more difficult due to the complication of SVCS caused by the re-enlarged PHLNM.

title: Pulmonary hilar lymph node @entity3 of XXXX induced @entity292 and superior @entity4264 .

entities_list: @entity4264 :: ('MESH:D013479', 'Disease') :: ['vena cava syndrome']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity456 :: ('MESH:D010995', 'Disease') :: ['broncho-pleural fistula']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: @entity61151 ( @entity61151 ) is an @entity74 caused by mutations in the @entity62840 gene encoding the peroxisomal @entity62840 protein of unknown function. In this work, we analysed the clinical characteristics of 85 Finnish @entity1 with @entity61151 , most of whom were homozygous for the Finn major mutation of @entity62840 . The @entity1 ' hospital records from birth to the time of the diagnosis at age 0.02-52 years (median 2.1 years) were retrospectively analysed. All except four of the @entity1 (95%) had a prenatal onset @entity851 without postnatal catch up growth. The mean length standard deviation score (SDS) was -3.1 and -4.0 at birth and at diagnosis, respectively. In infancy, feeding difficulties, and @entity1729 were the most common problems. @entity712 and pericardial constriction were diagnosed during infancy in 12% and 6% of the @entity1 , respectively. At the time of the diagnosis, characteristic craniofacial features of @entity91 , facial triangularity, high and broad forehead, and low nasal bridge were evident in over 90% of the @entity1 . In addition, practically all @entity1 were gracile and had thin extremities. Other findings included a peculiar high-pitched voice (96%), yellowish dots in ocular fundi (79%), cutaneous naevi flammei (65%), @entity382 (45%), and @entity82 of long bones (25%). Mild @entity2421 (68%) was the only @entity16 . The clinical features of the Finnish @entity1 with @entity61151 formed a distinct entity. The most consistent findings were @entity851 and characteristic craniofacial features. However, organ manifestations varied considerably in early childhood. Based on these findings, we propose new diagnostic criteria for @entity61151 .

title: XXXX : clinical features and diagnostic criteria.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['growth failure']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['Congestive heart failure']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrous dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological abnormality']

entities_list: @entity2421 :: ('MESH:D009123', 'Disease') :: ['muscular hypotonicity']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['autosomal recessive disease']

entities_list: @entity1729 :: ('MESH:D012141', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory tract infections']

entities_list: @entity382 :: ('MESH:D006529', 'Disease') :: ['hepatomegaly']

entities_list: @entity91 :: ('MESH:D003398', 'Disease') :: ['scaphocephaly']

entities_list: @entity61151 :: ('MESH:D050336', 'Disease') :: ['Mulibrey nanism', 'MUL']

answer: @entity61151 :: (MESH:D050336,Disease) :: ['Mulibrey nanism']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Cortisolemia and 11bHSD1 in liver and adipose tissue are altered in @entity28 . However, their participation in the development of @entity28 remains unclear. This study analyzed these parameters in the transition from morbid to type 1 @entity28 after bariatric surgery. METHODS: A group of 34 @entity1 with @entity5845 and 22 nonobese subjects were recruited. @entity4304 and 11bHSD1 mRNA expression in liver, subcutaneous (SAT), and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) were evaluated. A year after bariatric surgery ( @entity353 of 48 kg), these parameters were reappraised in plasma, SAT, and liver. RESULTS: Body @entity353 was accompanied by a downshift in basal HPA activity and 11bHSD1 expression in SAT. In @entity1 with @entity5845 , 11bHSD1 expression correlated positively with BMI in VAT and negatively in liver at 6 and 12 months after surgery. In SAT, a correlation was observed with body weight only when @entity1 showed type 1 @entity28 . Insulin, @entity413 , and HOMA correlated positively with all the HPA indicators and 11bHSD1 expression in SAT. CONCLUSIONS: Body @entity353 after bariatric surgery is accompanied by a downshift in basal HPA activity. Hepatic and VAT 11bHSD1 expressions in @entity5845 are predictors of body @entity353 .

title: Hepatic and visceral adipose tissue 11bHSD1 expressions are markers of body XXXX after bariatric surgery.

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity5845 :: ('MESH:D009767', 'Disease') :: ['morbid obesity']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity4304 :: ('MESH:D000310', 'Disease') :: ['Initial hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) basal activity']

answer: @entity353 :: (MESH:D015431,Disease) :: ['weight loss']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Synovial fibroblasts (SFs) with aberrant expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) are critical pathogenic regulators in @entity309 ( @entity309 ), and studies analyzing the effect of overexpressing or silencing miRNA expression in @entity625 models can contribute to the development of miRNA-based therapeutic strategies. This study was undertaken to examine the hypothesis that miRNAs 140-3p and 140-5p are involved in the pathogenesis of @entity309 , and to determine whether targeting SFs through the intraarticular (IA) delivery of these molecules could ameliorate autoimmune @entity625 in @entity19 . METHODS: Synovial tissue samples were obtained from @entity1 with @entity309 . In addition, 2 experimental models in @entity19 were used, @entity1753 ( @entity1753 ) and @entity1753 ( @entity1753 ). Overexpression of miRNAs 140-3p and 140-5p in SFs and synovial tissue was induced using lentivirus (LV)-mediated transfer of pre- @entity30263 precursor molecules. RESULTS: Lower expression levels of @entity30263 -3p and @entity30263 -5p were detected in synovial tissue and SFs from @entity1 with @entity309 and from @entity19 in both @entity625 models. In @entity19 with @entity1753 and @entity19 with @entity1753 , the LV-mediated IA transfer of @entity30263 -3p and @entity30263 -5p ameliorated @entity625 , as determined by clinical examination and histopathologic evaluations showing a decrease in SF densities. Overexpression of miRNAs 140-3p and 140-5p caused a reduction in expression, with correlated kinetic patterns, of their corresponding target molecules @entity14075 and stromal cell-derived factor 1 in the SFs and joints of @entity19 . Transfection of @entity30263 -3p and @entity30263 -5p into SFs increased cell apoptosis, reduced proliferation responses and migration abilities, and verified the concept that @entity30263 expression is regulated by proinflammatory cytokines. CONCLUSION: These results demonstrate that targeting SFs by IA delivery of miRNAs 140-3p and 140-5p can ameliorate autoimmune @entity625 . These findings might facilitate the pharmacologic development of molecular-based therapies in @entity309 .

title: Amelioration of Experimental XXXX Through Targeting of Synovial Fibroblasts by Intraarticular Delivery of MicroRNAs 140-3p and 140-5p.

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['arthritis']

entities_list: @entity1753 :: ('MESH:D001169', 'Disease') :: ['collagen-induced arthritis', 'CAIA', 'CIA', 'collagen antibody-induced arthritis']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA']

answer: @entity625 :: (MESH:D001168,Disease) :: ['Autoimmune Arthritis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Mutations in the @entity12281 ( @entity12281 ) gene cause @entity12145 ( @entity12145 ). @entity5886 in @entity12145 results from increased circulating levels of a phosphaturic hormone, @entity51946 ( @entity51946 ). Similarly, elevated @entity51946 , caused by mutations in the @entity22027 gene, is responsible for the @entity5886 in @entity12145 ( @entity12145 ). Previously, we demonstrated that a @entity22027 mutation in @entity19 creates a lower set point for extracellular @entity4613 , where an increment in @entity3151 further stimulates @entity51946 production to maintain low serum @entity3151 levels. To test the presence of the similar set point defect in @entity12145 , we generated four- and twelve-week-old @entity12281 / @entity51945 double knockout @entity19 and controls, including @entity12281 knockout @entity19 (a @entity19 model of @entity12145 ), @entity51945 knockout @entity19 (a @entity19 model of @entity5 ), and phenotypically normal double heterozygous @entity19 . @entity51945 knockout @entity19 had increased proteolytic cleavage of @entity51946 , leading to low circulating intact @entity51946 with consequent @entity2265 . In contrast, @entity12281 knockout @entity19 had little @entity51946 cleavage and increased femoral @entity51946 expression, resulting in @entity5886 and low femoral @entity79 ( @entity79 ). However, introduction of the @entity51945 null allele to @entity12281 knockout @entity19 resulted in significant increase in serum @entity3151 and normalization of @entity79 . This increased serum @entity3151 was accompanied by markedly elevated @entity51946 expression and circulating @entity51946 levels, an attempt to reduce serum @entity3151 in the face of improving @entity3151 levels. These data indicate that a @entity12281 mutation creates a lower set point for extracellular @entity4613 and maintains it through the regulation of @entity51946 cleavage and expression.

title: A Mutation in the XXXX Gene Alters @entity4613 Responsiveness in @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity12145 :: ('MESH:D053098', 'Disease') :: ['X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets', 'XLH', 'ARHR', 'autosomal recessive hypophosphatemic rickets']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['familial tumoral calcinosis']

entities_list: @entity5886 :: ('MESH:D017674', 'Disease') :: ['hypophosphatemia', 'Hypophosphatemia']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone mineral density', 'BMD']

entities_list: @entity2265 :: ('MESH:D054559', 'Disease') :: ['hyperphosphatemia']

entities_list: @entity3151 :: ('MESH:D010758', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphorus']

answer: @entity12281 :: (13406(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['Dmp1']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Livestock manure contributes considerably to global emissions of @entity3265 ( @entity3655 ) and greenhouse gases (GHG), especially @entity577 ( @entity578 ) and @entity3810 ( @entity3727 ). Various measures have been developed to mitigate these emissions, but most of these focus on one specific gas and/or emission source. Here, we present a meta-analysis and integrated assessment of the effects of mitigation measures on @entity3655 , @entity578 and (direct and indirect) @entity3727 emissions from the whole manure management chain. We analysed the effects of mitigation technologies on @entity3655 , @entity578 and @entity3727 emissions from individual sources statistically using results of 126 published studies. Whole-chain effects on @entity3655 and GHG emissions were assessed through scenario analysis. Significant @entity3655 reduction efficiencies were observed for (i) housing via lowering the dietary crude protein (CP) content (24-65%, compared to the reference situation), for (ii) external slurry storages via acidification (83%) and covers of straw (78%) or artificial films (98%), for (iii) solid manure storages via compaction and covering (61%, compared to composting), and for (iv) manure application through band spreading (55%, compared to surface application), incorporation (70%) and injection (80%). Acidification decreased @entity578 emissions from stored slurry by 87%. Significant increases in @entity3727 emissions were found for straw-covered slurry storages (by two orders of magnitude) and manure injection (by 26-199%). These side-effects of straw covers and slurry injection on @entity3727 emission were relatively small when considering the total GHG emissions from the manure chain. Lowering the CP content of feed and acidifying slurry are strategies that consistently reduce @entity3655 and GHG emissions in the whole chain. Other strategies may reduce emissions of a specific gas or emissions source, by which there is a risk of unwanted trade-offs in the manure management chain. Proper farm-scale combinations of mitigation measures are important to minimize impacts of livestock production on global emissions of @entity3655 and GHG.

title: Mitigation of @entity3265 , @entity3810 and XXXX emissions from manure management chains: a  meta-analysis and integrated assessment.

entities_list: @entity577 :: ('MESH:D008697', 'Chemical') :: ['methane']

entities_list: @entity3810 :: ('MESH:D009609', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrous oxide']

answer: @entity577 :: (MESH:D008697,Chemical) :: ['methane']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We used population-based data from the New South Wales Central Cancer Registry (CCR) to describe the patterns of progression to @entity3 in Australian @entity1 diagnosed with non- @entity263 . METHODS: Data for all non- @entity263 cases diagnosed 1993-2002 and followed to the end of 2007 were analysed. The outcome was progression to @entity3 , identified by metastatic episode notifications in the CCR or by @entity263 death. Factors associated with @entity3 progression were identified using Cox regression models. RESULTS: Of the 32,643 @entity1 with non- @entity263 at diagnosis 43.1% had @entity66 , 5.1% had regional spread and 51.9% had unknown stage. After a median of 6.8 years of follow-up 6708 cases (20.6%) had developed distant metastases. The risk of developing @entity3 was significantly higher for those with regional (adjusted HR=2.65, 95% CI: 2.40-2.93) or unknown initial stage (adjusted HR=1.70, 95% CI: 1.61-1.80), for older @entity1 (65-74 years: HR=1.43, 95% CI: 1.33-1.53; >74 years: HR=2.73, 95% CI: 2.55-2.93), and those living in inner regional (HR=1.11, 95% CI: 1.04-1.18) or rural areas (HR=1.24, 95% CI: 1.14-1.36) or more disadvantaged areas (middle tertile: HR=1.09, 95% CI: 1.02-1.16; most disadvantaged: HR=1.12, 95% CI: 1.04-1.19). The risk of developing @entity3 decreased over calendar time (adjusted HR=0.98, 95% CI: 0.97-0.99 per year). CONCLUSIONS: After a median follow-up of 6.8 years more than 1 in 5 @entity1 diagnosed with non- @entity263 developed distant metastases. This estimate of the overall risk of developing @entity3 in the population, and the geographical disparities identified, can inform the planning of required @entity5 services.

title: A population-based study of progression to XXXX in Australia.

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic prostate cancer', 'prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['localised disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic disease']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['metastatic prostate cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the present study was to reexamine the possibility that bacteria, particularly anaerobes, are present in @entity449 . METHODS: From December 2000 to November 2001, 53 samples from @entity439 walls were collected from 49 @entity1 during reconstructive surgery. The tissue specimens were sectioned and cultured under anaerobic conditions. Twenty-eight specimens were also subjected to scanning or transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS: Anaerobic cultivation yielded bacteria in 14 of the 53 samples (26.4%). All bacteria were gram-positive cocci or rods from nine genera and 12 species. Five cultures (35%) were mixed, containing two bacterial species. Mixed aerobic and anaerobic species were found in four samples (28.5%). Anaerobic bacteria were recovered from 10 of 14 positive cultures (71%). Among anaerobes found were @entity5478 , @entity31048 , Actinomyces viscosus, Actinomyces naeslundii, and @entity45076 . Coaggregating bacteria of different sizes and structure were found on the @entity439 walls and inside the intravascular plaque at electron microscopy. Bacteria were found in 20 of the 28 samples (71%) examined with scanning or transmission electron microscopy. CONCLUSION: Multiple bacteria, many of which did not belong to the indigenous skin microflora, colonize @entity449 . It is not clear whether the bacteria contribute to weakening of the aortic wall by eliciting @entity32 or whether they are secondary colonizers of @entity439 .

title: Multiple bacteria in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity449 :: ('MESH:D001014', 'Disease') :: ['aortic aneurysms']

entities_list: @entity5478 :: ('1747', 'Species') :: ['Propionibacterium acnes']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms', 'aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity31048 :: ('33011', 'Species') :: ['Propionibacterium granulosum']

entities_list: @entity45076 :: ('84112', 'Species') :: ['Eggerthella lenta']

answer: @entity449 :: (MESH:D001014,Disease) :: ['aortic aneurysms']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The management of @entity71 with @entity2915 ( @entity71 ) is controversial and guidance published by the National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE) suggests a multidisciplinary approach. METHODS: We evaluated the patterns of referral and techniques used in the diagnosis and management of @entity71 in Wirral Health Authority by studying the case notes of 391 @entity1 diagnosed between 1994 and August 2000. RESULTS: The majority of cases were referred from Primary Care and the detected prevalence was 8/1000. @entity1 were diagnosed more frequently than @entity1 (12 : 1) and the mean age at diagnosis was 8.7 years; @entity1 were more likely to have been diagnosed prior to age 8. The use of behaviour rating questionnaires and school visits as an aid to diagnosis increased during the study period. Management by @entity1 Psychiatry and Community Paediatric services was similar with stimulant medication prescribed in 91% of cases; @entity1 Psychiatry services were more likely to give advice on behaviour management than Paediatric services. Twelve per cent of cases were managed by both services, or in joint Outpatient clinics. Outpatient follow-up was most likely to occur at six monthly intervals and required 1312 appointments per year. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that the management of @entity1 with @entity71 in Wirral Health Authority is compatible with NICE guidance. @entity71 with @entity2915 is a significant burden on clinical services and long-term planning is required.

title: Current practice in the management of XXXX with @entity2915 ( @entity71 ).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Child', 'children', 'Boys', 'girls']

entities_list: @entity71 :: ('MESH:D001289', 'Disease') :: ['Attention Deficit Disorder', 'ADHD']

entities_list: @entity2915 :: ('MESH:D006948', 'Disease') :: ['Hyperactivity']

answer: @entity71 :: (MESH:D001289,Disease) :: ['Attention Deficit Disorder']


abstract: Spontaneous @entity43 (sOHSS) is a rare event that may result from a @entity977 ( @entity977 ), activating mutations of the @entity23385 (FSHR), and cross-reactivity of the FSHR to elevated hCG and TSH in the setting of pregnancy or @entity1375 . The objective of this study was to investigate whether an aberrant FSHR was present in a @entity1 with sOHSS and a non-surgically diagnosed @entity977 whose serum FSH levels and FSH bioactivity were nearly normal. Sequencing of the @entity1 's FSHR gene revealed a heterozygous novel missense mutation @entity64731 resulting in an @entity535 substitution @entity64732 . We asked whether this mutant FSHR affected FSHR-mediated signaling pathways involving @entity268 /protein kinase A (PKA), @entity4357 -3 kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B ( @entity584 ) and v-src @entity242 (Schmidt-Ruppin A-2) viral oncogene homolog kinase (SRC)/ @entity3903 / @entity10368 extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases ( @entity1366 ). Thus, 293T cells expressing wild-type (FSHRwt), the mutant FSHR (FSHRmt), or both (FSHRwt/mt) were treated with FSH and subjected to measurements of intracellular @entity268 , @entity268 -induced CRE ( @entity268 response element)-mediated luciferase assays and immunoblot analyses of phosphorylated PI3K and @entity1366 . There were no differences in luciferase activities or phosphorylation levels of @entity1366 among FSHRwt, FSHRmt cells and FSHwt/mt cells. However, FSHRmt cells showed a significant reduction in both @entity268 production and PI3K phosphorylation levels with unchanged phosphorylation of @entity1366 upon FSH stimulation in comparison to FSHwt cells. Also, FSH treatment did not provoke PI3K phosphorylation in FSHwt/mt cells. These results indicate that the novel missense @entity64732 FSHR mutation identified herein did not participate in hyperactivation of FSHR-mediated signaling pathways but rather in hypoactivation of the FSH-mediated PI3K/ @entity584 pathway. Thus, this study demonstrates a new functional property of this novel mutatnt FSHR, which, however, might not be involved in the pathogenesis of sOHSS in this @entity977 @entity1 .

title: Molecular analysis of a mutated @entity23385 detected in a @entity1 with spontaneous XXXX .

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1375 :: ('MESH:D007037', 'Disease') :: ['hypothyroidism']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity977 :: ('MESH:D010911', 'Disease') :: ['FSHoma', 'FSH-producing pituitary adenoma']

entities_list: @entity4357 :: ('MESH:D010716', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphatidylinositol']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To evaluate the activity and @entity137 of weekly Schering 54301, a @entity968 formulation of interferon- alpha-2b ( @entity970 - @entity4020 -2b), with @entity2592 ( @entity2592 ) in @entity1 with @entity1860 ( @entity1860 ). METHODS: Seventy-six @entity1 with @entity8487 chromosome (Ph)-positive early chronic-phase @entity1860 were treated with the combination of @entity970 - @entity4020 -2b and ara-C (10 mg daily subcutaneously [s.c.]). The starting dose of @entity970 - @entity4020 -2b was 6 microg/kg s.c. weekly in the first 24 @entity1 but was reduced to 4.5 microg/kg in the next 52 @entity1 . RESULTS: Overall, 73% of @entity1 had a complete hematologic response, 35% of @entity1 had a major cytogenetic response (Ph < 35%), and 21% of @entity1 had a complete cytogenetic response (Ph = 0%). With a median follow-up of 19 months, the estimated 2-year survival rate was 89%. Therapy was discontinued in 24% of @entity1 due to Grade III-IV @entity137 . Frequent severe side effects that required dose reductions included @entity1398 (49%), @entity1295 (43%), and @entity137 (17%). The median @entity970 - @entity4020 -2b and ara-C doses delivered were 3 microg/kg weekly and 7.5 mg daily, respectively, at 12 months of therapy. The activity and @entity137 profiles of this combination was similar to those observed in historical @entity1 treated with @entity4020 and @entity2592 . CONCLUSIONS: The combination of @entity970 - @entity4020 -2b and ara-C is active but has significant @entity137 in @entity1 with chronic-phase @entity1860 at the dose schedule used. The recommended dose of @entity970 - @entity4020 -2b in future combination studies is 3 microg/kg or less.

title: Treatment of XXXX with weekly @entity968 formulation of @entity4020 and low-dose @entity2592 .

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'neurologic toxicity']

entities_list: @entity8487 :: ('MESH:D010677', 'Disease') :: ['Philadelphia']

entities_list: @entity2592 :: ('MESH:D003561', 'Chemical') :: ['cytosine arabinoside', 'ara-C', 'cytarabine']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity1860 :: ('MESH:D015464', 'Disease') :: ['CML', 'chronic myelogenous leukemia']

entities_list: @entity968 :: ('MESH:D011092', 'Chemical') :: ['polyethylene glycol']

answer: @entity1860 :: (MESH:D015464,Disease) :: ['Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myelogenous leukemia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity694 is the second most common @entity5 in developed countries. Activated platelets play a key role in @entity32 and atherothrombosis, with mean platelet volume ( @entity6688 ) is an early marker of platelet activation. The aim of the study was to clarify the relevance of @entity6688 in @entity1 with @entity694 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: We measured @entity6688 levels in 128 @entity1 with @entity694 before and after surgery, and 128 controls matched for age, gender, body mass index (BMI) and smoking status. The odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for @entity694 were calculated using multivariate logistic regression analyses across @entity6688 quartiles. RESULTS: @entity1 with @entity694 had higher @entity6688 compared with controls. @entity5 resection resulted in a significant decrease in @entity6688 levels (11.4 fL vs 10.7 fL; p<0.001). A positive correlation between @entity6688 and @entity5 -nodule-metastases (TNM) stage was found. Furthermore, after adjusting for other risk factors, the ORs (95%CIs) for @entity694 according to @entity6688 quartiles were 1.000, 2.238 (1.014-4.943), 3.410 (1.528-7.613), and 5.379 (2.372-12.198), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The findings show that @entity1 with @entity694 have higher @entity6688 levels compared with controls, and these are reduced after surgery. In addition, @entity6688 was found to be independently associated with the presence of @entity694 . Further studies are warranted to assess the utility of @entity6688 as a novel diagnostic screening tool for @entity694 .

title: Elevated Mean Platelet Volume is Associated with Presence of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'Surgical tumor']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['Colon cancer', 'colon cancer']

answer: @entity694 :: (MESH:D003110,Disease) :: ['Colon Cancer']


abstract: The presence of a fishy odor emanating from @entity1 who present with a malodorous vaginal discharge is well known. The odor is due to bacterial reduction of @entity6633 to @entity12680 ( @entity10226 ) in vaginal secretion. The release of @entity10226 from specimens of vaginal fluid following the addition of alkali is often used in making a clinical diagnosis of @entity6981 ( @entity6981 ). We now report a sensitive gas chromatographic method for analysis and quantification of @entity10226 in vaginal fluid in which weighed samples were used. In addition, a proper diagnosis of @entity6981 was obtained using Gram-stained smears of the vaginal fluid according to the method of Nugent et al. (R. P. Nugent et al., J Clin Microbiol 1991;29:297-301). We also diagnosed @entity6981 according to Hall  n et al. (A. Hall  n et al. Genitourin Med 1987;63:386-9). @entity10226 was present in all @entity1 with a Nugent score between 7 and 10 and in almost all @entity1 diagnosed with @entity6981 according to the method of Hall  n et al. @entity10226 was not found or was only found in very low concentrations in vaginal fluid from @entity1 with Nugent scores of 0 to 3. @entity10226 was also found in four @entity1 with a negative sniff test. It seems that high levels of @entity10226 in samples of vaginal fluid are typical for @entity6981 regardless of the scoring method used for diagnosis. However, low levels of @entity10226 , <5 microg/g vaginal fluid, do not always correlate with @entity6981 .

title: XXXX content in vaginal secretion and its relation to @entity6981 .

entities_list: @entity12680 :: ('MESH:C023336', 'Chemical') :: ['trimethylamine']

entities_list: @entity6633 :: ('MESH:C005855', 'Chemical') :: ['trimethylamine oxide']

entities_list: @entity6981 :: ('MESH:D016585', 'Disease') :: ['BV', 'bacterial vaginosis']

answer: @entity12680 :: (MESH:C023336,Chemical) :: ['Trimethylamine']


abstract: Two diets, with or without a nonfermentable carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) with high viscosity, were fed to broiler @entity1573 beginning at 2 wk of age to study whether the anti-nutritive effect of gelling fibers on lipid digestibility may be associated with reduced intestinal @entity6741 concentration. Moreover, the microflora were examined to study whether possible changes in @entity6741 concentration coincide with alterations in microbial numbers. @entity5224 depressed apparent lipid digestibility (P = 0.021). Feed intake and weight gain were not significantly affected. Water intake was increased in birds fed the CMC diet (P = 0.039). @entity6741 concentration in small intestinal digesta was decreased (P = 0.047) in birds fed the CMC diet, which may have been caused by the increased water content of digesta (P < 0.001). The concentration of @entity3645 per gram dry matter or per milligram @entity3407 was not reduced in small intestinal contents. Broiler @entity1573 fed the CMC diet excreted more @entity3645 in the excreta (P < 0.001). Total aerobic and anaerobic microbial counts in the intestinal digesta were significantly increased in the duodenum plus jejunum (P = 0.038) but not in the ileum. Significant increases were found in the numbers of Clostridia (P = 0.017), Lactobacillus (P = 0.009), Bacteroides (P = 0.022), and @entity375 and molds (P = 0.012). The present study supports the hypothesis that a nonfermentable gelling fiber (CMC) decreases apparent lipid digestibility by reducing the concentration of @entity3645 in the chyme in broiler @entity1573 . Moreover, the ingestion of gelling fibers may increase the bacterial activity in the small intestine, which may further contribute to malabsorption of lipids.

title: The inhibitory effect of XXXX with high viscosity on lipid absorption in broiler @entity1573 coincides with reduced @entity6741 concentration and raised microbial numbers in the small intestine.

entities_list: @entity5224 :: ('MESH:D002266', 'Chemical') :: ['Carboxymethylcellulose']

entities_list: @entity3407 :: ('MESH:D002857', 'Chemical') :: ['chromium']

entities_list: @entity6741 :: ('CHEBI:3098', 'Chemical') :: ['bile salt', 'Bile acid']

entities_list: @entity3645 :: ('MESH:D001647', 'Chemical') :: ['bile acids']

answer: @entity5224 :: (MESH:D002266,Chemical) :: ['carboxymethylcellulose']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity650 ( @entity650 ) is a cytokine with a complex function that is described as both pro- and anti-inflammatory. One factor that influences its function is the @entity60106 @entity6407 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of the @entity10497 ( @entity10497 ) gene. C allele carriers have a decreased inflammatory response and decreased prevalence of @entity741 . The aim of the study was to investigate the association of the @entity60106 SNP of the @entity10497 gene with long-term total mortality in @entity1 with ST-elevation @entity583 ( @entity583 ) treated invasively. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We analyzed the data of consecutive @entity1 with @entity583 ( @entity583 ) treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Genotyping was performed with the TaqMan method. The analyzed end-point was total long-term mortality (median: 2875 days). RESULTS: The registry comprised 553 @entity1 (mean age: 62.4   11.9 years; 25.6% females, n = 142; TIMI 3 obtained in 91.7% of @entity1 , n = 507). No significant differences in baseline characteristics were found between the genotypes. During long-term follow-up 171 (30.9%) @entity1 died. There was non-significantly higher mortality in the @entity60106 AA homozygotes compared to C allele carriers (OR = 1.34, 95% CI: 0.93-1.93, p = 0.1). CONCLUSIONS: The @entity60106 polymorphism of @entity10497 was not significantly associated with long-term mortality after @entity583 . However, AA homozygotes (high-risk genotype for @entity741 ) showed a trend towards adverse outcome compared to C allele carriers. The observed trend is promising, but it requires independent replication studies.

title: The @entity60106 polymorphism in the XXXX and its association with long-term prognosis after @entity583 in a pilot study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic heart disease']

entities_list: @entity6407 :: ('c|SUB|A||C', 'DNAMutation') :: ['A/C']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['STEMI', 'myocardial infarction', 'ST elevation myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity10497 :: (3570,Gene) :: ['interleukin-6 receptor']


abstract: Elementary mode analysis has been used to study a metabolic pathway model of a recombinant @entity375 system that was genetically engineered to produce the bacterial storage compound @entity13099 ( @entity13100 ). The model includes biochemical reactions from the intermediary metabolism and takes into account cellular compartmentalization as well as the reversibility/irreversibility of the reactions. The reaction network connects the production and/or consumption of eight external metabolites including @entity413 , @entity598 , @entity653 , @entity1068 , @entity13100 , @entity515 , @entity4588 , and @entity855 ( @entity855 ). Elementary mode analysis of the wild-type @entity375 system reveals 241 unique reaction combinations that balance the eight external metabolites. When the recombinant @entity13100 pathway is included, and when the reaction model is altered to simulate the experimental conditions when @entity13100 accumulates, the analysis reveals 20 unique elementary modes. Of these 20 modes, 7 produce @entity13100 with the optimal mode having a theoretical @entity13100 @entity505 yield of 0.67. Elementary mode analysis was also used to analyze the possible effects of biochemical network modifications and altered culturing conditions. When the natively absent @entity855 citrate-lyase activity is added to the recombinant reaction network, the number of unique modes increases from 20 to 496, with 314 of these modes producing @entity13100 . With this topological modification, the maximum theoretical @entity13100 @entity505 yield increases from 0.67 to 0.83. Adding a transhydrogenase reaction to the model also improves the theoretical conversion of substrate into @entity13100 . The recombinant system with the transhydrogenase reaction but without the @entity855 citrate-lyase reaction has an increase in @entity13100 @entity505 yield from 0.67 to 0.71. When the model includes both the @entity855 citrate-lyase reaction and the transhydrogenase reaction, the maximum theoretical @entity505 yield increases to 0.84. The reaction model was also used to explore the possibility of producing @entity13100 under anaerobic conditions. In the absence of @entity26 , the recombinant reaction network possesses two elementary modes capable of producing @entity13100 . Interestingly, both modes also produce @entity1068 . Elementary mode analysis provides a means of deconstructing complex metabolic networks into their basic functional units. This information can be used for analyzing existing pathways and for the rational design of further modifications that could improve the system's conversion of substrate into product.

title: Metabolic pathway analysis of a recombinant XXXX for rational strain development.

entities_list: @entity13099 :: ('MESH:C003182', 'Chemical') :: ['poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate']

entities_list: @entity4588 :: ('MESH:D019802', 'Chemical') :: ['succinate']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity598 :: ('CHEBI:47622', 'Chemical') :: ['acetate']

entities_list: @entity653 :: ('MESH:D005990', 'Chemical') :: ['glycerol']

entities_list: @entity375 :: ('4932', 'Species') :: ['S. cerevisiae', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity855 :: ('MESH:D000255', 'Chemical') :: ['adenosine triphosphate', 'ATP']

answer: @entity375 :: (4932,Species) :: ['yeast']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified common genetic factors influencing body mass as well as body adiposity. The functional implications of these loci are currently under investigation. Intense scrutiny of the body mass-associated @entity18957 locus revealed age-specific effects, or a weakened effect in elderly populations. In this study, we aimed to determine the effects of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) representing 35 GWAS-identified body mass- and adiposity-associated genetic loci. In our analysis, 949 @entity1 of the Prospective Investigation of the Vasculature in Uppsala Seniors cohort were included. All @entity1 were born between 1920 and 1924. Data were available for 474 male and 475 female @entity1 at age 70 and 380 male and 390 female @entity1 at age 75. Genetic associations with BMI and change in BMI from age 70 to 75 were analyzed. In our analysis, @entity66488 , an intronic SNP within the @entity65652 ( @entity65652 , @entity65652 ) gene, was associated with body mass in a cross section of elderly Swedes at age 70. This is the first study to replicate the association of a @entity65652 -related genetic variant with body mass in an independent cohort of elderly citizens.

title: Association of the XXXX -related SNP @entity66488 with body mass in a cohort of elderly Swedes.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

answer: @entity65652 :: (158038,Gene) :: ['LINGO2']


abstract: The effect of exposure to irritant air pollutants on the development of @entity56 is poorly understood. This study examines the effects of the lower respiratory tract irritant, @entity6836 , on the outcome of @entity10328 (OVA)-induced @entity56 . Male and female C57Bl/6 @entity19 were sensitized by weekly intraperitoneal (ip) OVA injections for 3 wk followed by daily 1-h OVA aerosol inhalation challenge for 3 or 10 d. Initially, @entity19 were exposed daily for 3 d to air or 0.7 or 5 ppm @entity6836 for 2 h following each OVA aerosol challenge. OVA exposure resulted in pronounced lower airway inflammation, as evidenced by a significant increase in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) total cellularity and eosinophil levels. BAL eosinophil levels were significantly lower in OVA- @entity6836 compared to OVA-air animals. The reduction was similar at both @entity6836 exposure concentrations. In a subsequent study, sensitized animals were exposed for 3 or 10 d to aerosolized OVA followed by air or 0.7 ppm @entity6836 . BAL eosinophils were again reduced at 3 d by OVA- @entity6836 exposure compared to OVA-air @entity19 . At 10 d the @entity1712 was virtually abolished. This reduction in OVA-induced cellular inflammation by @entity6836 was confirmed by histopathological analysis. Contrary to expectations, exposure to @entity6836 during the aerosol challenge to OVA dramatically diminished the outcome of @entity56 in lungs as measured by airway cellular inflammation.

title: Effect of nitrogen dioxide on XXXX -induced @entity56 in a @entity19 model.

entities_list: @entity1712 :: ('MESH:D004802', 'Disease') :: ['eosinophilia']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic disease', 'allergic airway disease']

answer: @entity10328 :: (282665(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['ovalbumin']


abstract: PURPOSE: This retrospective analysis evaluated the outcome of @entity1 with spinal bone @entity3 of @entity1358 after radiotherapy (RT) in terms of stability and survival, using a validated scoring system for spinal stability assessment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The survival rates of 155 @entity1 with bone @entity3 of @entity703 treated from January 2000 to January 2012 were determined. The stability of irradiated osteolytic lesions of the thoracic and lumbar spine was evaluated retrospectively using the Taneichi score and analyzed for predictive factors. The effects of therapy in terms of changes in neurological signs and @entity5 -related @entity158 were recorded. RESULTS: Follow-up with regular computed tomography (CT) was available for 28 @entity1 , 14 with unstable @entity3 . One hundred thiry-two @entity1 (85%) died during follow-up. RT could not improve the stability of vertebral bodies after 3 and 6 months. Consequently, none of the examined predictive factors such as age, number of bone @entity3 and systemic therapy showed a significant correlation with stability 6 months after RT. The median survival of all 155 @entity1 after diagnosis of bone @entity3 was 12.9 months. Improvement of @entity51 occurred in 60%, and in 24% of the respective affected in all @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: RT was unable to improve the stability of vertebral @entity3 , probably due to the short overall survival, which resulted in an insufficient number of @entity1 with evaluable follow-up. RT allowed reduction of @entity51 . A short fractionation schedule may be preferred in this situation.

title: Stability of spinal bone XXXX and survival analysis in @entity703 after radiotherapy.

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['pain and neurological deficits']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['renal cell cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity703 :: ('MESH:D007680', 'Disease') :: ['renal cancer']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['metastases']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Adenoviral vectors have been shown to efficiently transfer DNA into a wide variety of eukaryotic cells in vitro and in vivo. However, the therapeutic benefit of this approach is limited by severe side effects as a result of uncontrolled transgene expression. METHODS: A bi-directional promoter that controls the desired transgene as well as a @entity803 -suppressible transactivator (tTA) was cloned into the E1-region of E1-deleted recombinant adenoviral vectors. Autoregulation within this construct was obtained by tTA expression under control of the operator, to which tTA binds in the absence of @entity803 . Consequently, binding of @entity803 to tTA results in downregulation of tTA as well as the co-expressed transgene in the infected cell. RESULTS: We were able to suppress luciferase-reporter gene expression by up to 16 000-fold in the presence of @entity3403 (dox, 2 micro g/ml). Under control of this @entity803 -regulated system, single-chain interleukin-12 (scIL12) was expressed. Adenovirally mediated expression of this potentially lethal cytokine with strong activation of antitumoral immune response was downregulated by up to 6000-fold in the presence of dox. Subsequently, this downregulation also resulted in a highly significant reduction of @entity379 secretion by stimulated splenocytes. These mainly contribute to the @entity137 of this immunotherapeutic approach. CONCLUSIONS: With expression levels exceeding those of the cytomegalovirus ( @entity2834 ) promoter in almost all cell lines tested, these new vectors will also contribute to the safety of adenoviral approaches by controlled expression without compromising on maximum expression levels.

title: Highly suppressible expression of single-chain interleukin-12 by XXXX following adenoviral infection with a single-vector Tet-regulatory system.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity3403 :: ('MESH:D004318', 'Chemical') :: ['doxycycline']

entities_list: @entity379 :: ('3458', 'Gene') :: ['interferon-gamma']

entities_list: @entity803 :: ('MESH:D013752', 'Chemical') :: ['tetracycline']

answer: @entity3403 :: (MESH:D004318,Chemical) :: ['doxycycline']


abstract: Regulators of G protein signaling (Rgs) have pivotal roles in controlling various cellular processes, such as cell differentiation. How Rgs proteins regulate osteoclast (OC) differentiation, function and bone homeostasis is poorly understood. It was previously demonstrated that @entity66336 , the largest protein in the Rgs family, is predominantly expressed in OCs and regulates OC differentiation in vitro. To further understand the role and mechanism of @entity66336 in OC differentiation and @entity79 in vivo, we created OC-targeted @entity66336 knockout @entity19 by using inducible @entity8255 -Cre and @entity3804 -Cre. Deletion of @entity66336 in hematopoietic cells or specifically in OC precursors resulted in increased bone mass with decreased OC numbers. Loss of @entity66336 impaired OC differentiation and function with impaired @entity141 oscillations and reduced @entity25314 expression. The introduction of wild-type osteoblasts did not rescue the defective osteoclastogenesis. Ectopic expression of @entity25314 rescued defective OC differentiation in @entity3804 ; @entity66336 (fl/fl) cells and promoted normal OC differentiation. Moreover, deletion of @entity66336 significantly inhibited pathological osteoclastogenesis and @entity79 in @entity66336 -deficient @entity19 that were subjected to ovariectomy and lipodysaccharide for @entity604 . Thus our findings demonstrate that @entity66336 is an important regulator in OC differentiation and function and identify @entity66336 as a potential therapeutic target for @entity170 and @entity32 -induced @entity604 .

title: Regulators of G protein signaling 12 promotes @entity79 and pathological XXXX .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity604 :: ('MESH:D016301', 'Disease') :: ['bone loss']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone diseases', 'bone destruction']

entities_list: @entity25314 :: ('18018(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) 2', 'NFAT2']

answer: @entity604 :: (MESH:D016301,Disease) :: ['bone loss']


abstract: CONTEXT: Persistent @entity281 with high risk @entity1082 ) has been linked to @entity2622 . Integration of viral DNA into host cell DNA is essential for this @entity5 development, promoting disruption of the HPV E2 gene, thus leading to unregulated increases in E6 and E7 proteins and inactivating the products of @entity876 and Rb @entity5 suppressor genes. OBJECTIVE: To investigate @entity1799 @entity66 , physical state of viral DNA and @entity876 gene alterations in a group of @entity1 attending a public health service. DESIGN: Prospective, non-controlled, transversal study. SETTING: Gynecological clinic of the School of Medicine, Universidade Federal Fluminense. SAMPLE: 43 consecutive @entity1 with @entity75 referred to our service. MAIN MEASUREMENTS: Cases were classified via cytology/histology as normal, @entity1083 , @entity6205 , @entity2784 ( @entity2784 ), @entity2784 ( @entity2784 ) and @entity189 . @entity1083 was studied via polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using two PCR primer sets, to determine DNA integration. @entity876 gene changes were investigated by single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis. RESULTS: One normal case, 7 @entity1083 , 6 @entity6205 , 7 @entity2784 , 14 @entity2784 and 8 @entity5 were found, with 95% positive for HPV genome when tested using both L1 and E6 primers. @entity1799 was most prevalent (73.1%). @entity1799 DNA was integrated within the host genome in 3 @entity2784 . One @entity2784 progressed to @entity2784 by 13 months after first diagnosis. Among @entity1799 -positive @entity2784 cases, 50% contained integrated viral DNA. @entity1799 E2 gene disruption was seen in 7 @entity5 (87.5%). Only smal-cell @entity189 showed intact @entity1799 E2 gene. Abnormal @entity876 bands detected by PCR/SSCP were observed in 4 cases: 2 @entity957 with parametrium (exon 8) and two @entity3146 ( @entity3146 ) III (exons 5 and 7). All cases presented @entity1799 E2 gene loss. CONCLUSIONS: The sample had a high rate of high-risk HPV detected in benign and malignant lesions; high cervical @entity5 burden; @entity1799 DNA integration in all except one case of @entity5 ; @entity876 gene changes in @entity3146 and in invasive @entity5 cases associated with DNA integration.

title: @entity1799 detection in @entity75 , physical state of viral DNA and changes in XXXX gene.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['infection in cervical lesions']

entities_list: @entity6205 :: ('MESH:D062688', 'Disease') :: ['condylomas', 'condyloma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['cervical lesions']

entities_list: @entity1083 :: ('MESH:D030361', 'Disease') :: ['HPV infections', 'HPV infection']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity2622 :: ('MESH:D002583', 'Disease') :: ['cervical carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity1082 :: ('10566', 'Species') :: ['human papillomavirus (HPV']

entities_list: @entity2784 :: ('MESH:D065310', 'Disease') :: ['low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion', 'HSIL', 'high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion', 'LSIL']

entities_list: @entity3146 :: ('MESH:D018290', 'Disease') :: ['cervical intraepithelial neoplasia', 'CIN III', 'CIN']

answer: @entity876 :: (7157,Gene) :: ['p53']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 -reported outcomes (PROs) have an increasingly important role in the evaluation of new therapies for @entity29 . The US Food and Drug Administration has issued formal guidance to describe the role of PRO instruments in evaluation of claims for product labelling. However, no validated PRO exists for @entity31 . AIM: To investigate whether the PROs from the Mayo Clinic Score (MCS) for UC can be modified, to develop an interim PRO for use in clinical trials, alone or in combination with endoscopy. METHODS: Data from an induction trial of a @entity2983 ( @entity2983 ) formulation were used to compare effect sizes between @entity2983 and placebo for PRO items (stool frequency and @entity548 ) alone and in combination with endoscopy. The operating properties of the PRO were validated using data from a phase 2 trial of MLN02, a humanised antibody to the a4b7 integrin in @entity1 with UC. RESULTS: A two-item PRO (PRO2) consisting of @entity548 = 0 and stool frequency  <=1 or  <=2, combined with an endoscopy subscore  <=1 yielded statistically significant differences between active drug and placebo. This combination yielded the most similar effect sizes and placebo rates for remission, compared to the primary trials. Use of PRO items alone yielded high placebo remission rates in both data sets, although rates were lower when the items were combined and remission defined as PRO2 = 0. CONCLUSION: @entity1 -reported outcomes items derived from the Mayo Clinic Score combined with endoscopy as a co-primary endpoint may be an appropriate interim outcome measure for @entity31 trials.

title: Development of interim XXXX -reported outcome measures for the assessment of @entity31 disease activity in clinical trials.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['rectal bleeding']

entities_list: @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative colitis']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel disease']

entities_list: @entity2983 :: ('MESH:D019804', 'Chemical') :: ['mesalazine', 'mesalamine']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is widely used for treatment of @entity14 ( @entity14 ). PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of increased experience in RFA of @entity14 on morbidity and survival, and the trends in @entity1 management and outcomes during the last decade. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Hospital records of the initial 52 consecutive @entity1 who underwent RFA (56 procedures/70 lesions) were retrospectively reviewed. The @entity1 were divided into two groups according to time period of treatment, period I (2001-2006: n   =   26) and period II (2007-2011: n   =   26). RESULTS: Concomitant liver resection was performed in 15 @entity1 in each period. Operative morbidity decreased from 47% to 19% (P   =   0.047). Most complications were found in @entity1 who underwent a concomitant liver resection and not related to the ablation per se. Local recurrence rate decreased from 19.4% to 12.9% (P   =   0.526). At least one risk factor for recurrence was found in @entity1 with local recurrence (n   =   11): subcapsular localization (n   =   4), @entity5 size >3   cm and subcapsular localization (n   =   2), and perivascular localization (portal veins/hepatic veins) (n   =   5). Median overall survival was 32 months in period I and 49 months in period II, whereas estimated 5-year survival was 19% and 36%, respectively (P   =   0.09). Adjuvant chemotherapy was given to four @entity1 (15.4%) in period I and 13 @entity1 (50%) in period II (P   =   0.017). CONCLUSION: RFA alone or in combination with liver resection is a potentially curative treatment to selected @entity1 with @entity14 . Over time, the morbidity and survival have improved in RFA of @entity14 . Although a possible effect of a learning curve should be taken into consideration in the appraisal of this improvement, it is more likely to be attributable to optimization of indication, development in surgical techniques, and increased use of perioperative chemotherapy.

title: Radiofrequency ablation of unresectable XXXX : trends in management and outcome during a decade at a single center.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['CRLM', 'colorectal liver metastases']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal liver metastases']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity1112 ( @entity951 , normal coronary arteriogram and positive exercise test) remains an enigma with unexplained features and apparent conflicts of evidence. The present study addressed whether (i) the Syndrome is characterised by generalised flow-related @entity409 , (ii) myocardial thallium201 defects reflect @entity296 , (iii) @entity409 and its consequences can be improved by oral @entity534 . METHODS: Flow-mediated brachial artery dilatation was measured by ultrasonic 'wall-tracking' in 7 @entity1112 @entity1 , further characterised as having thallium201 defects and no known cause of @entity409 , and a normal control group. @entity1112 @entity1 entered a 4-week randomised double-blind placebo-controlled cross-over trial of oral @entity534 (7 g twice daily), with brachial artery studies, exercise tests and @entity33863 tetrafosmin scans. RESULTS: Flow-mediated dilatation was absent in @entity1112 vs. normal. Stress technetium99 tetrafosmin and @entity3154 scans showed similar defects. Flow-mediated dilatation, symptom-limited exercise duration and peak @entity26 consumption (VO2max) were increased but rate-pressure-product (RPP) and radionuclide defects were unchanged after @entity534 vs. placebo. CONCLUSIONS: The study supports coronary microvascular rather than @entity296 and shows loss of flow-mediated dilatation in systemic arteries. Oral @entity534 improved flow-mediated dilatation, exercise capacity and VO2max (by ca. 17%) despite unchanged RPP. The findings support generalised @entity409 . The @entity369 effects imply NO-mediated improvement of skeletal muscle perfusion suggesting improved homogeneity of microvascular distribution.

title: @entity1112 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial or microvascular dysfunction', 'myocardial dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1112 :: ('MESH:D040181', 'Disease') :: ['Syndrome X']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['endothelial dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity534 :: ('CHEBI:16467', 'Chemical') :: ['L-arginine']

entities_list: @entity33863 :: ('CHEBI:33371', 'Chemical') :: ['technetium99']

entities_list: @entity369 :: ('CHEBI:29016', 'Chemical') :: ['arginine']

answer: @entity409 :: (MESH:D008107,Disease) :: ['endothelial dysfunction']


abstract: Our study investigated the effect of a linear increase in level of ruminally fermentable @entity1735 , at a constant level of dietary starch and fiber, on performance, microbial N yield, chewing activity, and ruminal pH of midlactation dairy @entity291 . Eight @entity291 (53 DIM) were assigned to four treatments in a double 4 x 4 Latin square. Diets consisted of increasing levels of refined cornstarch (0, 5.9, 11.9, and 17.9% of diet dry matter) replacing dry cracked, shelled @entity4336 so that increasing amounts of dietary starch originated from refined cornstarch. @entity4336 gluten feed was used to balance diets for similar NDF content. The four diets averaged 17.9% CP, 27.2% NDF, 18.7% ADF, and 31.1% starch (dry matter basis). Diets were fed for ad libitum intake and had a forage to concentrate ratio of 40:60. Forage was coarsely chopped (13.7 mm mean particle size) alfalfa silage. Daily dry matter intake averaged 26.0 kg and tended (P = 0.08) to increase quadratically with increasing level of refined cornstarch. Milk production averaged 38.9 kg/d and milk fat percentage tended (P = 0.08) to decrease linearly, whereas percentage of protein increased quadratically, with increasing level of refined cornstarch. Yield of components and energy corrected milk was similar across diets. Total tract digestibility of starch increased linearly from 85.1% to 92.4% with increasing level of refined cornstarch. Microbial yield was unaffected by diet and averaged 371.1 g N/d. Time spent eating decreased linearly from 329 to 308 min/d when level of refined cornstarch was increased, but rumination time was unaffected. Ruminal concentration and proportion of @entity598 decreased linearly while concentration and proportion of @entity4919 increased linearly with increasing level of refined cornstarch. Mean ruminal pH, time spent below pH 5.8 (h), and area below pH 5.8 (h x pH units/d) were unaffected by level of refined cornstarch and averaged 5.97, 8.4, and 2.9, respectively. Increasing the level of @entity3363 fermented in the rumen by replacing dry cracked @entity4336 with refined cornstarch (up to 57% of dietary starch) did not compromise rumen fermentation or affect performance of midlactation dairy @entity291 .

title: Effects of increasing levels of refined cornstarch in the diet of lactating dairy XXXX on performance and ruminal pH.

entities_list: @entity4919 :: ('CHEBI:17272', 'Chemical') :: ['propionate']

entities_list: @entity598 :: ('CHEBI:47622', 'Chemical') :: ['acetate']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity3363 :: ('MESH:D002241', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrates']

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['cows']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity12884 is classical in the course of @entity1582 ( @entity1582 ), but peripheral @entity2720 is unusual. We evaluated the frequency and effect of @entity2720 in a single center series of @entity1 with @entity1582 . METHODS: Retrospective analysis of cases of @entity1897 in a cohort of @entity1 with @entity1582 . RESULTS: Between 1978 and 1996, 11 @entity1 (6 @entity1 , 5 @entity1 , mean age 59 yrs) were diagnosed with biopsy proven @entity2720 in a cohort of 311 @entity1 with @entity1582 . @entity625 was the first symptom of @entity2783 in all @entity1 and occurred within the 6 months after @entity1582 diagnosis in most @entity1 (7/11). Nine @entity1 had light chain @entity1582 and X light chain was more common than kappa (6 vs 5). Shoulder @entity2720 and @entity309 -like @entity625 were the 2 most common involved sites. In most cases, joint involvement was responsible for major limitations in activities of daily living. @entity527 were clearly visible on magnetic resonance images (MRI), which also showed inflammatory @entity603 in some cases. Control of @entity1582 was often associated with improvement of @entity2720 , but additional rheumatological treatment--oral low dose @entity229 or joint @entity134 injection--was often needed to achieve more complete relief. @entity2720 was not associated with decreased survival, except for @entity1 with concomitant cardiac involvement. CONCLUSION: This series provides reliable information on @entity2720 , especially regarding functional effects, anatomical lesions on MRI, and therapeutic options.

title: @entity2720 in the course of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity527 :: ('MESH:D058225', 'Disease') :: ['Amyloid deposits']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['polyarthritis', 'Arthritis']

entities_list: @entity2783 :: ('MESH:D000686', 'Disease') :: ['amyloidosis']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity603 :: ('MESH:D013585', 'Disease') :: ['synovitis']

entities_list: @entity1582 :: ('MESH:D009101', 'Disease') :: ['multiple myeloma', 'MM']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral joint amyloidosis']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity2720 :: ('MESH:D007592', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophic arthropathy', 'amyloid arthropathy', 'Amyloid arthropathy']

entities_list: @entity12884 :: ('MESH:C531616', 'Disease') :: ['Primary amyloidosis']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']

answer: @entity1582 :: (MESH:D009101,Disease) :: ['multiple myeloma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare hearing results as a function of @entity394 in the treatment of M  ni  re's Disease, using @entity801 perfusion. STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective review of @entity1 with M  ni  re's Disease treated by @entity801 perfusion of the inner ear via the MicroWick device. SETTING: A tertiary otologic referral center. @entity1 AND INTERVENTIONS: The charts of @entity1 treated with @entity801 perfusion via the MicroWick between the years 1998 and 2000 were reviewed. The results for @entity1 with functional hearing in the affected ear were analyzed and were compared with the results in @entity1 without functional hearing. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Audiologic and vestibular test results as well as subjective symptoms. RESULTS: There were 45 @entity1 who met the inclusion criteria. The averages for speech discrimination score and pure tone average before treatment were 92% and 38 dB, and after treatment were 82% and 47 dB. @entity1 were divided into two groups: Group 1 (20 @entity1 ), less than 75% ice air caloric reduced vestibular response (RVR); Group 2 (25 @entity1 ), those who reached greater than 75% ice air caloric RVR. There were 8 @entity1 (17.6%) with persistent vertigo; 7 were from Group 1, and 1 was from Group 2, which was statistically significant (p = 0.007)wwww. The pure tone average dropped an average of 3 dB for Group 1 and 15 dB for Group 2. The difference in @entity393 between the two groups was statistically significant (p = 0.01). CONCLUSION: This study suggests that there is a correlation between the degree of @entity394 , the control of vertigo, and the risk of @entity393 . @entity1 with functional hearing seem to have a similar success rate for vertigo control, compared with @entity1 who already had lost functional hearing before treatment. Future investigation may determine if less than 100% RVR, but greater than 75% RVR, is an alternative end point with adequate vertigo control and reduced risk of @entity393 .

title: XXXX perfusion vestibular response and @entity393 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity801 :: ('MESH:D005839', 'Chemical') :: ['gentamicin']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing loss']

entities_list: @entity394 :: ('MESH:D015837', 'Disease') :: ['vestibular ablation']

answer: @entity801 :: (MESH:D005839,Chemical) :: ['Gentamicin']


abstract: Limited information is available about selection of the threshold for arterial blood pressure in critically ill @entity1 , particularly in @entity295 when normal organ blood flow autoregulation may be altered. The present experimental study investigated whether increasing perfusion pressure using @entity1063 in normotensive @entity2259 affects intestinal macro- and microcirculation. Nine @entity1707 received continuous i.v. administration of @entity796 (PSAE) to develop hyperdynamic, normotensive (mean arterial pressure [MAP] 65 mm Hg) @entity295 . @entity1063 was used to achieve 10-15 % increase in MAP. Mesenteric arterial blood flow (Q(gut)), ileal mucosal microvascular perfusion (LDF(gut)) and ileal-end-tidal PCO(2) gap (PCO(2) gap) were measured before @entity1063 , after 60 min of @entity1063 infusion and 60 min after @entity1063 infusion had been discontinued. During a 12 h period of PSAE infusion all @entity1707 developed hyperdynamic circulation with significantly decreased MAP. Although the mesenteric blood flow remained unchanged, infusion of PSAE resulted in a gradual fall of ileal microvascular perfusion, which was associated with progressively rising PCO(2) gap. @entity1063 which induced a 10-15 % increase in perfusion pressure (i.e. titrated to attain near baseline values of MAP) affected neither Q(gut) nor the intestinal blood flow distribution (Q(gut)/CO). Similarly, @entity1063 did not change either LDF(gut) or PCO(2) gap. In this @entity2259 , @entity1063 -induced increase in perfusion pressure exhibited neither beneficial nor deleterious effects on intestinal macrocirculatory blood flow and ileal mucosal microcirculation. The lack of changes suggests that the gut perfusion was within its autoregulatory range.

title: Perfusion pressure manipulation in porcine XXXX : effects on intestinal hemodynamics.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity796 :: ('287', 'Species') :: ['Pseudomonas aeruginosa']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['Norepinephrine', 'norepinephrine']

entities_list: @entity2259 :: ('MESH:D016470', 'Disease') :: ['hyperdynamic, normotensive porcine bacteremia', 'hyperdynamic porcine bacteremia']

answer: @entity295 :: (MESH:D018805,Disease) :: ['sepsis']


abstract: @entity15903 is a common @entity272 in Brazil, caused by the flea Tunga penetrans. We conducted a cross-sectional study to evaluate the occurrence of @entity277 with T. penetrans in primary schoolchildren in Crici  ma, Santa Catarina State (South Brazil). In total, 917 @entity1 (6-10 years) of 68 schools were included in the study (11% of target population). Physical examination was followed by residential visits of those infested, to assess housing conditions and to interview the @entity1 's guardians. Of the 917, 15 (1.6%) @entity1 were infested with the parasite. The prevalence was twice as high in females (10 @entity1 --2.2%) as compared to males (five @entity1 --1.1%), but due to the low number of infested individuals, the difference was statistically not significant (p = 0.18). The mean number of lesions found was 1.4 per @entity1 . One @entity1 presented bacterial superinfection. Of the 15 @entity1 infested, 10 (66.7%) studied in schools built on pyritiferous soil. The families of 12 @entity1 (79.9%) had been living in the area in which the study was conducted for less than eight years and were considered underprivileged families with the head of the household having a low education status. We conclude that in Crici  ma @entity15903 occurs in primary school @entity1 , but prevalence and parasite load are low.

title: XXXX in schoolchildren in Crici  ma, Santa Catarina State, South Brazil.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'child']

entities_list: @entity277 :: ('MESH:D013984', 'Disease') :: ['infestation']

entities_list: @entity15903 :: ('MESH:D058285', 'Disease') :: ['Tungiasis', 'tungiasis']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['parasitic skin disease']

answer: @entity15903 :: (MESH:D058285,Disease) :: ['Tungiasis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The Hippo signaling pathway, a highly conserved cell signaling system, exists in most multicellular organisms and regulates cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. It has been reported that the members of Hippo signaling are expressed in @entity1 ovaries, but the exact functions of this pathway in primordial follicle development remains unclear. METHODS: To analyze the spatio-temporal correlation between the core component of Hippo pathway and the size of primordial follicle pool, Western blot, Real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry were used, and the expression and localization of @entity63620 , @entity63621 and @entity5410 mRNA and protein were examined in 3 d, 1 m, 5 m, 16 m postnatal @entity19 ovary and the culture model of @entity19 primordial follicle in vitro. RESULTS: Both the protein and mRNA expression of the @entity63620 and @entity63621 were decreased significantly as @entity19 age increased (p < 0.05), however, the mRNA expression of them increased significantly in 16 m compared with 5 m as well as the protein expression of @entity63621 .The expression of @entity5410 showed the opposite trend, and the significant protein expression of pYAP was increased before 1 m, after which no significant change was observed. Moreover, the ratio of pYAP/ @entity5410 decreased significantly. Culturing ovaries for 8 d in vitro resulted in the activation of primordial follicles in 3 d postnatal @entity19 ovaries, and these developed into primary follicles with the expression of @entity4698 increasing significantly (p < 0.05). The mRNA and protein expression of MST and LATS decreased significantly (p < 0.05), and the expression of @entity5410 increased significantly (p < 0.05, p < 0.01), whereas the ratio of pYAP/ @entity5410 decreased significantly (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The above results reveal that the expression of the core components of Hippo pathway changed during @entity19 follicular development, especially before and after primordial follicle activation in vitro. The primordial follicle activation may be related to the significant decrease of the ratio of pYAP1/ @entity5410 . In conclusion, Hippo signaling pathway expressed in @entity19 ovaries and have spatio-temporal correlation with the size of primordial follicle pool.    2015 S. Karger AG, Basel.

title: Hippo signaling pathway reveals a spatio-temporal correlation with the size of primordial follicle pool in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Urinary @entity322 exerts a huge influence on @entity1 's quality of life in regard to hygienic problems. The great progress in female stress @entity322 (SUI) surgery was introduction of mid-urethra @entity7502 sling procedures, which are characterized by very high efficacy, safety and minimal invasiveness. The aim of our study was to assess if functioning of lower urinary tract after minimum 1 year from TVT or IVS procedure has an impact on @entity1 's quality of life. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Analysis was done by means of King's quality of life questionnaire in Polish version from 1993. One hundred and sixty @entity1 operated because of SUI in II-nd Department of Gynecology in Lublin in years: 1999-2001 were assessed. The mean time relapsed from surgery was 19 +/- 6 months. Eighty @entity1 were operated by TVT method (monofilament tape) and eighty by IVS method (multifilament tape. Statistical analysis was done by means of STATISTICA program, version 6. To estimate @entity1 's quality of life according to King's questionnaire the mode value (Mo) and the frequency of mode value (fr Mo) were used in respective questions. The results in both groups were compared by Mann-Whitney test. RESULTS: Most of @entity1 assessed the general health condition as good (fr Mo = 25; 36.9%). In TVT group Mo value indicated @entity558 (fr Mo = 30; 37.5%), whereas in IVS group general health condition was estimated most commonly as satisfactory (fr Mo = 33; 41.25%). In respect to @entity322 impact on life in TVT group 37.5% of @entity1 (fr Mo = 30) reported some influence, while in IVS group 50% of @entity1 (fr Mo = 40) reported no influence (p = 0.16). Moreover, analysis revealed that in both groups the functioning of lower urinary tract does not influence their normal functioning, social contacts, physical activity, personal life, emotions or sleep. CONCLUSION: After modern @entity322 surgery (TVT, IVS methods) the majority of @entity1 reported that current @entity1494 have no negative impact on their quality of life.

title: [Quality of life after mid-urethra @entity7502 tape sling surgery (IVS, TVT) in female stress XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity558 :: ('MESH:C536528', 'Disease') :: ['good health condition']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['urinary incontinence', 'incontinence']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bladder symptoms']

entities_list: @entity7502 :: ('MESH:D011126', 'Chemical') :: ['polypropylene']

answer: @entity322 :: (MESH:D014549,Disease) :: ['urinary incontinence']