abstract: OBJECTIVE: To establish the first trimester serum levels of the proform of @entity28068 (proMBP) in pregnancies with adverse outcome. Furthermore, to determine the screening performance using proMBP alone and in combination with other first trimester markers. METHODS: A case-control study was conducted in a primary hospital setting. The proMBP concentration was measured in cases with small-for-gestational age (SGA) (n = 150), spontaneous @entity3152 (n = 88), @entity1468 (n = 40), gestational @entity101 (n = 10) and in controls (n = 500). Concentrations were converted to multiples of the median (MoM) in controls and groups were compared using Mann-Whitney U-test. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine significant factors for predicting adverse pregnancy outcome. Screening performance was assessed using receiver operating characteristic curves. RESULTS: The proMBP median was significantly reduced in pregnancies with SGA (0.81 MoM), spontaneous @entity3152 (0.83 MoM), @entity1468 (0.88 MoM) and gestational @entity101 (0.60 MoM). The best screening performance was found for @entity1468 including the covariates proMBP and nulliparity yielding an area under the curve equal to 0.737 (p < 0.0005) and a 75% detection rate for a 30% false positive rate. CONCLUSION: The proMBP is a novel first trimester serum marker for adverse pregnancy outcome.

title: The proform of XXXX : a new maternal serum marker for adverse pregnancy outcome.

entities_list: @entity28068 :: ('5553', 'Gene') :: ['eosinophil major basic protein']

entities_list: @entity1468 :: ('MESH:D011225', 'Disease') :: ['preeclampsia']

entities_list: @entity3152 :: ('MESH:D007752', 'Disease') :: ['preterm delivery']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

answer: @entity28068 :: (5553,Gene) :: ['eosinophil major basic protein']


abstract: Natural melanins are photoprotective pigments that in mammals are principally found in the skin, hair, and eyes. Although the molecular mechanism of photoprotection of pigmented cells has not yet been established, several hypotheses have been proposed with melanin acting as a light filter, free radical scavenger, and quencher of electronically excited states of reactive intermediates. It can be expected that the detoxicating efficiency of melanin should be enhanced if the melanin and potentially cytotoxic species are brought close together. Such a situation may occur for a number of photosensitizing dyes that have the ability to bind to melanin. The interaction of melanin with @entity28094 has been studied under strictly controlled experimental conditions. The equilibrium dialysis method has been employed to determine dissociation constants and the number of binding sites in melanin at pH 5-9. The data reveal that synthetic @entity9191 -melanin has two different classes of binding sites with dissociation constants of 10(-6) and 10(-5) M, respectively. The overall binding capacity of melanin, at pH 7, is 250 nmol @entity6470 /mg melanin. The amount of bound-to-melanin @entity6470 increases with pH. The absorption spectra of melanin complexes with @entity6470 and @entity28095 indicate that hydrophobic interaction may be involved in the binding of these @entity28094 by melanin. No changes in @entity1785 fluorescence have been detected after binding of @entity1785 to melanin. It appears that, contrary to cationic photosensitizing dyes, the singlet excited state of @entity1785 molecules is not quenched by melanin.

title: Interactions of XXXX with melanin. Studies on equilibrium binding of riboflavin to dopa-melanin and some spectroscopic characteristics of @entity1785 -melanin complex.

entities_list: @entity28095 :: ('MESH:C001922', 'Chemical') :: ['lumiflavin']

answer: @entity28094 :: (MESH:D005415,Chemical) :: ['flavins']


abstract: The prevalence of @entity281 of marine turtles is high and may cause the @entity204 of the hosts throughout their ranges. Virtually nothing has been reported regarding the infective status of sea turtles stranded on Taiwan. Between 2007 and 2010, 30 green turtles ( @entity15117 ) and 2 @entity23116 ( @entity23116 ), stranded and dead, were examined for spirorchiid flukes and their eggs. Twenty-four of the green turtles were juveniles, and the stranded @entity23116 were subadults. Adult spirorchiid flukes were found in 13 green turtles but not in the @entity23116 . Four species of flukes were identified, namely, Leardius learedi , Hapalotrema postorchis , H. mehrai , and Carettacola hawaiiensis . The main infection sites were the major arteries and heart. Seventy percent of the green turtles harbored spirorchiid eggs, but no eggs were found in @entity23116 . The largest eggs with bipolar spines, type I eggs, were found in every case. Although more than half of the stranded turtles were infected, parasite @entity281 were not the main cause of @entity204 in the green turtles. Fishery by-catch is probably responsible for the mortality of these stranded turtles.

title: Fluke (Spirorchiidae) XXXX in sea turtles stranded on Taiwan: prevalence and pathology.

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['spirorchiid fluke infections', 'infections']

entities_list: @entity15117 :: ('8469', 'Species') :: ['Chelonia mydas']

entities_list: @entity23116 :: ('8467', 'Species') :: ['Caretta caretta', 'loggerheads', 'loggerhead turtles']

answer: @entity281 :: (MESH:D007239,Disease) :: ['infections']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity935 is considered to be crucial for food craving and intake, @entity734 and electrical brain stimulation. Increased levels of @entity935 occur after energy intake in the dorsal striatum. In the ventral tagmental area, @entity935 is responsible for motivation. There is a natural synaptic @entity935 level, and as a result its activity is controlled by density of receptors, amount of released neurotransmitter, and defectiveness of re-uptake by specific transporters. In our study, we wanted to investigate if there is a correlation between mean BMI values and VNTR polymorphisms in @entity7712 ( @entity30321 ) and @entity4131 genes. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Chosen gene fragments were amplified using polymerase chain reaction on the DNA template obtained from 506 @entity1 . The products of the reaction were electrophoresed and visualised in 3% agarose gel. The genotyping data was analysed with Kruskal-Wallis tests (p     0.05). RESULTS: In the case of @entity7712 , statistically significant differences in mean BMI were found in the group of @entity28 @entity1 (p     0.05) but not for the whole population of @entity1 with normal weight or with overweight (p     0.05). The mean BMI was higher for the SS genotype than for combined LL and LS genotypes. The difference in mean BMI values for variants of @entity4131 was significant for the whole studied population and in the @entity28 group (p     0.05), and the higher value was correlated with the presence of a variant with seven or more repeats of 48 bp motif. CONCLUSIONS: When the two analysed polymorphisms were combined, the spread between the mean BMI values became greater than for single genes. This suggests that the effect on body mass of these two polymorphisms may combine and cause hypo-functionality of the dopaminergic reward system.

title: Correlations between polymorphisms in genes coding elements of dopaminergic pathways and body mass index in overweight and XXXX @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine', 'Dopamine']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['drug abuse']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obese']


abstract: The cDNA sequence of a @entity19 gene whose expression was up-regulated after @entity130 was cloned utilizing differential display. The full-length cDNA was isolated by 3' and 5' rapid amplification of cDNA ends from @entity19 liver. The predicted protein is >97% identical to the @entity1 sequence for @entity31074 , thus identifying the gene as @entity19 @entity31075 . Functional studies of the @entity375 @entity31075 homolog, YPR016c, were initiated in @entity375 to determine the cellular role(s) of @entity31075 . Complete deletion of the YPR016c coding sequence was lethal. Viability was restored in the presence of either YPR016c or @entity19 @entity31075 , when either was expressed as @entity1472 -terminal green fluorescent protein fusion protein. Moreover, both fusion proteins localized to nuclear/perinuclear compartments in their respective @entity375 strains. When the expression of YPR016c-green fluorescent protein was repressed, there was a dramatic reduction in the 60 S ribosomal subunit and polysome content and decreased 80S monosome content. Additionally, the YPR016c-depleted cells arrested in G1. These studies show that YPR016c, which encodes @entity375 @entity31075 , is necessary for maximal polysome formation and plays an important role in determining free 60 S ribosomal subunit content.

title: Cloning of @entity19 translation initiation factor 6 and functional analysis of the homologous sequence YPR016c in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity375 :: ('4932', 'Species') :: ['yeast', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['epidermal injury']

entities_list: @entity31074 :: ('3692', 'Gene') :: ['eukaryotic translation initiation factor (eIF) 6']

answer: @entity375 :: (4932,Species) :: ['Saccharomyces cerevisiae']


abstract: The @entity342 -independent @entity263 cell line @entity5049 is known to exhibit autonomous growth in vitro and in vivo. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the role of @entity310 ( @entity7790 ) and its receptor, the @entity470 , in the regulation of @entity5049 cell proliferation. Results showed that @entity5049 cells secrete factors into conditioned medium that are mitogenic for the @entity263 lines DU145 and LNCaP. Gel filtration chromatography of @entity5049 -conditioned medium revealed a major peak of mitogenic activity at a molecular weight of 5,000 to 10,000 which was inhibited by the addition of antibody to @entity7790 . The synthesis and secretion of @entity7790 by @entity5049 cells were further demonstrated by immunoblotting and radioimmunoassay. Radioreceptor analysis showed a single class (Kd 5.3 nM) of EGF receptors on @entity5049 cells. The presence of Mr 170,000 EGF receptors on @entity5049 cells was further demonstrated by immunoprecipitation of metabolically labeled proteins. @entity7790 was effective in stimulating the growth of low-density, but not high-density, @entity5049 cultures. In addition, the proliferation of @entity5049 cells under serum-free defined conditions was inhibited by antibodies to @entity7790 and/or the @entity470 . These data indicate that @entity7790 / @entity470 interactions are partially responsible for autonomous growth of the @entity5049 cell line and may explain one mechanism of escape from @entity342 -dependent growth in @entity1 @entity263 .

title: Autonomous growth of @entity342 -independent @entity1 XXXX cells: role of @entity310 .

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostatic carcinoma', 'less aggressive prostatic carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity310 :: ('7124', 'Gene') :: ['transforming growth factor alpha']

entities_list: @entity470 :: ('1956', 'Gene') :: ['EGF receptor', 'epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostatic carcinoma']


abstract: The recent emergence of several new coronaviruses, including the etiological cause of severe @entity6185 , has significantly increased the importance of understanding virus-host cell interactions of this virus family. We used @entity19 @entity99 virus (MHV) A59 as a model to gain insight into how coronaviruses affect the type I alpha/beta interferon (IFN) system. We demonstrate that MHV is resistant to type I IFN. Protein kinase R (PKR) and the alpha subunit of eukaryotic translation initiation factor are not phosphorylated in infected cells. The RNase L activity associated with 2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetase is not activated or is blocked, since cellular RNA is not degraded. These results are consistent with lack of protein translation shutoff early following infection. We used a well-established recombinant @entity6621 )-based expression system that lacks the viral IFN antagonist E3L to screen viral genes for their ability to rescue the IFN sensitivity of the mutant. The nucleocapsid (N) gene rescued VVDeltaE3L from IFN sensitivity. N gene expression prevents cellular RNA degradation and partially rescues the dramatic translation shutoff characteristic of the VVDeltaE3 @entity32786 . However, it does not prevent PKR phosphorylation. The results indicate that the MHV N protein is a type I IFN antagonist that likely plays a role in circumventing the innate immune response.

title: XXXX @entity99 coronavirus A59 nucleocapsid protein is a type I interferon antagonist.

entities_list: @entity6185 :: ('MESH:D045169', 'Disease') :: ['acute respiratory syndrome']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatitis']

entities_list: @entity6621 :: ('10245', 'Species') :: ['vaccinia virus (VV']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['Mouse']


abstract: From July 1981 to October 1988, 1597 native valves, 926 (58%) mitral and 671 (42%) aortic, were excised. The gross and histological features of all valves were studied using routine histochemical, immunohistochemical and electron microscopy techniques. As far as mitral valve is concerned the lesions were: @entity850 263 (28.6%), @entity850 + @entity337 537 (57.8%) and @entity337 126 (13.6%). Our study was limited to the valves of @entity1 undergoing mitral valve replacement because of pure @entity337 . The pathological alterations of the valves were: floppy mitral valve ( @entity30147 ) 59 (46.8%), @entity627 ( @entity627 ) 50 (39.6%), @entity884 ( @entity884 ) 13 (10.3%), @entity63 ( @entity63 ) 4 (3.1%). In the @entity30147 group the associated lesions were: aortic @entity338 due to floppy aortic valve and noninflammatory aortic root disease (9-15.2%), @entity997 (4-7.8%) and @entity118 (7-13.7%). The commonest complication in this group was rupture of chordae tendineae requiring urgent surgery. In the @entity627 group there was a high incidence of active @entity627 , valvulitis and @entity2401 (37-74%) despite the laboratory data were within normal ranges. In the @entity884 group there was an associated @entity2333 in 7 @entity1 (53.8%). The @entity30147 was the commonest cause of pure @entity337 in @entity1 who had mitral valve replacement. Rheumatic pure @entity339 was always associated in our experience to signs of active @entity627 .

title: [Etiology and incidence of pure XXXX : a morphological study of 926 native valves].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity627 :: ('MESH:D012216', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatism', 'RD', 'rheumatic disease']

entities_list: @entity339 :: ('MESH:D008944', 'Disease') :: ['mitral incompetence']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['papillary muscles ischemic disease', 'PMID']

entities_list: @entity338 :: ('MESH:D011665', 'Disease') :: ['valve incompetence']

entities_list: @entity997 :: ('MESH:D014262', 'Disease') :: ['tricuspid valve incompetence']

entities_list: @entity337 :: ('MESH:D001022', 'Disease') :: ['incompetence']

entities_list: @entity2333 :: ('MESH:D001018', 'Disease') :: ['aortic endocarditis']

entities_list: @entity118 :: ('MESH:D006344', 'Disease') :: ['atrial septal defect']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

entities_list: @entity2401 :: ('MESH:D009205', 'Disease') :: ['papillary muscles myocarditis']

entities_list: @entity884 :: ('MESH:D004696', 'Disease') :: ['IE', 'infective endocarditis']

answer: @entity339 :: (MESH:D008944,Disease) :: ['mitral insufficiency']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The diagnosis of @entity0 encompasses not only physical, but also social and psychological implications because of the importance of the breast in a @entity1 's body image, sexuality and motherhood. @entity1 may experience a range of concerns and fears including physical appearance and disfigurement, the uncertainty about recurrence and the fear of @entity204 . There are no Indian studies on this subject. AIM: This study explores the various concerns of mastectomized and lumpectomized (breast conserved) @entity1 , determines the coping mechanisms employed and the resolution of concerns. The levels of @entity148 and @entity308 in both groups were also studied. METHODS: Seventy-five @entity1 with @entity0 (50 mastectomized and 25 lumpectomized) were evaluated. The concern and coping checklist of Devlen was used. The severity of @entity148 and @entity308 was measured using the Hospital Anxiety and @entity308 Scale (HADS). RESULTS: Body image or disfigurement was a concern only in the mastectomized group. Concerns were equally resolved between the two groups except for sexual role and performance, wherein the concern was resolved to a lesser extent in the mastectomized group. Coping strategies employed were effective in the resolution of concerns except for sexual role and performance, and recurrence or relapse. No statistically significant difference was found in the @entity308 and @entity148 levels of the two groups. CONCLUSION: Concern regarding sexual role and performance was resolved to a lesser extent in the mastectomized group. Specific psychological intervention is necessary to enhance coping strategies with regard to concerns of body image, and sexual role and performance.

title: A comparative study of coping skills and body image: Mastectomized vs. lumpectomized @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients', 'Women']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast carcinoma', 'breast cancer']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast carcinoma']


abstract: A @entity1274 ( @entity1274 ) and Monte Carlo simulation model for predicting survival and growth of @entity5746 on raw @entity1573 skin as a function of serotype (Typhimurium, Kentucky, and Hadar), temperature (5 to 50 degrees C), and time (0 to 8 h) was developed. Poultry isolates of @entity5746 with natural resistance to antibiotics were used to investigate and model survival and growth from a low initial dose (<1 log) on raw @entity1573 skin. Computer spreadsheet and spreadsheet add-in programs were used to develop and simulate a @entity1274 model. Model performance was evaluated by determining the percentage of residuals in an acceptable prediction zone from -1 log (fail-safe) to 0.5 log (fail-dangerous). The @entity1274 model had an acceptable prediction rate of 92% for dependent data (n = 464) and 89% for independent data (n = 116), which exceeded the performance criterion for model validation of 70% acceptable predictions. Relative contributions of independent variables were 16.8% for serotype, 48.3% for temperature, and 34.9% for time. Differences among serotypes were observed, with Kentucky exhibiting less growth than Typhimurium and Hadar, which had similar growth levels. Temperature abuse scenarios were simulated to demonstrate how the model can be integrated with risk assessment, and the most common output distribution obtained was Pearson5. This study demonstrated that it is important to include serotype as an independent variable in predictive models for @entity5746 . Had a cocktail of serotypes Typhimurium, Kentucky, and Hadar been used for model development, the @entity1274 model would have provided overly fail-safe predictions of @entity5746 growth on raw @entity1573 skin contaminated with serotype Kentucky. Thus, by developing the @entity1274 model with individual strains and then modeling growth as a function of serotype prevalence, more accurate predictions were obtained.

title: General regression neural network and monte carlo simulation model for survival and growth of XXXX on raw @entity1573 skin as a function of serotype, temperature, and time for use in risk assessment.

entities_list: @entity1274 :: ('MESH:D006319', 'Disease') :: ['GRNN', 'general regression neural network']

entities_list: @entity5746 :: ('MESH:D012480', 'Disease') :: ['Salmonella']

answer: @entity5746 :: (MESH:D012480,Disease) :: ['salmonella']


abstract: In the frame of applicative research in occupational hygiene of hospital workplaces, we investigate hospital indoor contamination as a consequence of the use of @entity734 ( @entity734 ), with the purpose of assessing exposure of medical and nursing personnel to potentially harmful doses of @entity734 , and ultimately of yielding advice on safe operating procedures for manipulation of @entity734 in hospitals and in house-care of @entity5 @entity1 . Among the large number of currently employed @entity734 , @entity1499 ( @entity1500 ) has been selected as a tracer of surface contamination, on the basis of its wide use in therapy, its ease of measurement and of its chemical properties relevant to persistence and transport in the indoor environment. @entity1500 is a polyelectrolyte, with a high water, but lower organic solvent solubility, a negligible vapour pressure and a high chemical robustness to environmental stress, thus allowing to measure surface-to-surface carryover (e.g. from spillage or glove fingerprint) and indoor contamination due to aerosol transport (e.g. from syringe manipulation procedures). Monitoring of @entity1500 in environmental samples such as swab washings of surfaces and objects requires an analytical method with characteristics of sensitivity, reproducibility, precision, analytical speed, ease of automation and robustness. We have therefore developed an analytical procedure which employs simple short-column RP-HPLC with UV detection, automated sample injection and a close analogue internal standard for improved precision and solid-phase extraction (SPE) for sample concentration. Our method has proven suitable for detecting traces of @entity1500 on a wide variety of surfaces and objects, with a limit of quantification in the range of 50 microg/dm3 for direct injection of unconcentrated washings, corresponding to the possible detection of surface contamination as low as 1 microg/m3 and a limit of detection in the range of 10 ng/m2 for samples as large as 100 dm3 concentrated by SPE. We present preliminary results from a recent hospital case-study, assessing the contamination level of furniture and equipment in drug preparation areas. Spillage fractions as high as 5% of the employed mass (70-260 mg/day) are measured on the @entity691 -backed paper disposable hood cover sheet; traces of @entity1500 in the microgram range can also be measured on floor surfaces, furniture and handles, even at a distance from the preparation hoods.

title: High-performance liquid chromatography of XXXX for environmental monitoring of surface contamination in hospital departments and assessment of occupational exposure.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity691 :: ('MESH:D020959', 'Chemical') :: ['polythene']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['ANDs', 'antineoplastic drugs']

answer: @entity1499 :: (MESH:D008727,Chemical) :: ['methotrexate']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To report on the effectiveness and side effects of 2% @entity3971 block in @entity1 with @entity6389 ( @entity6389 ). DESIGN: Case series. SETTING: A rehabilitation department at a university medical center in Japan. @entity1 : Sixteen @entity1 (11 @entity1 , 5 @entity1 ; mean age +/- standard deviation, 43.4+/-11.2y) with @entity6389 . The cause of the @entity6389 was unknown, and all cases were refractory to the oral medication and rehabilitation therapy. INTERVENTION: Two percent @entity3971 blocks guided by electromyography. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: A blind analysis by neurologists of the Tsui score before and after 2 weeks of treatment with @entity3971 block. Side effects were evaluated by another neurologist and @entity1 report. RESULTS: There was significant (P=.0002) improvement in neck movement and position, based on a reduced Tsui score, after the @entity3971 block. However, 4 @entity1 had a complication of @entity2103 . The @entity132 decreased gradually and disappeared within 3 months, whereas the effects of the @entity3971 block continued. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3971 block can reduce the impact of @entity6389 that is refractory to therapy.

title: @entity3971 block for XXXX : effects and side effects.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'women', 'patients', 'patient', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity132 :: ('MESH:D010468', 'Disease') :: ['sensory disturbances']

entities_list: @entity6389 :: ('MESH:D014103', 'Disease') :: ['CD', 'cervical dystonia']

entities_list: @entity2103 :: ('MESH:D005155', 'Disease') :: ['sensory disturbance of the transverse cutaneous nerve of the neck area']

entities_list: @entity3971 :: ('MESH:D019800', 'Chemical') :: ['phenol', 'Phenol']

answer: @entity6389 :: (MESH:D014103,Disease) :: ['cervical dystonia']


abstract: Recombinant @entity1 (r) @entity4020 is successfully used in treatment of @entity5 , @entity1956 and C as well. One of undesired side-effects of rIFN-alpha 2 is its immunogenicity which could decrease therapeutic potential of the drug. Formation of antibodies against rIFN-alpha 2 in @entity1 represents a complex process, in which many mutually interacting variables are involved. Factors influencing the humoral response against the recombinant homologue of @entity1 @entity4020 have not been unambiguously determined yet. In general, two categories of these factors--exogenous and endogenous (physiological)--are considered. The exogenous factors determine structural differences of the recombinant protein from the native @entity4020 . Their influence on the formation of therapy-induced antibodies could be limited by the selection of suitable rIFN-alpha 2 subvariant, suitable storage of the preparation and by treatment regimen. On the other side, current knowledge of the endogenous factors, which function at the level of @entity1 's organism, do not allow to propose efficient ways of their elimination. (Tab. 2, Ref. 28.)

title: [Immunogenicity of recombinant XXXX in therapy].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['haematopoietic malignancies']

entities_list: @entity1956 :: ('MESH:D006509', 'Disease') :: ['lymphomas and viral hepatitis B']

answer: @entity4020 :: (3440,Gene) :: ['interferon alpha-2']


abstract: Sixty consecutive @entity1 with Stage III or bulky Stage II nonseminomatous @entity5 were treated with @entity900 , @entity5713 , @entity1732 combination chemotherapy (PVB). One @entity1 died of acute @entity137 after the first course of therapy, 16 entered complete remission (CR) after two or three inductions, and 36 underwent surgery for removal of residual masses after the third cycle. No @entity41 was found in 16 cases, 10 had @entity44 , and residual malignant @entity5 was completely resected in 8 of 10 @entity1 . On the whole, 52 of 59 cases (88%) who completed the therapy entered CR, 34 (58%) with @entity7297 and 18 (30%) with PVB and resection of the @entity66 . The major beneficiaries of surgery were @entity1 with bulky @entity3 (17 of 45, 38%) and those with primary @entity14641 (13 of 24, 54%). All of the @entity1 who entered CR received two additional inductions and no maintenance. After a median follow-up period of greater than 3 years, 40 @entity1 (68%) remain continuously disease-free, 1 died in CR, and 3 of the 11 who had relapse were salvaged. All of the 32 @entity1 with lung deposits less than 5 cm and/or lymph node @entity3 less than 10 cm entered CR after the combined treatment modality, and 29 (91%) are alive disease-free. Also, 20 of 27 @entity1 (74%) with @entity1442 (lung and lymph node @entity3 larger than 5 and 10 cm, respectively, extrapulmonary disease) entered CR after PVB and surgery, but only 11 (41%) are continuously disease-free. Early resection of the @entity41 during PVB combination chemotherapy greatly increased the CR rate, but relapses were very frequent in @entity1 with @entity1442 .

title: Early resection of XXXX during @entity900 , @entity5713 , @entity1732 combination chemotherapy in stage III and bulky stage II nonseminomatous @entity5 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity14641 :: ('MESH:D018243', 'Disease') :: ['teratocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['residual disease']

entities_list: @entity41 :: ('MESH:D018365', 'Disease') :: ['residual tumor']

entities_list: @entity44 :: ('MESH:D013724', 'Disease') :: ['mature teratoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'germinal testis tumors']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity1442 :: ('MESH:D020178', 'Disease') :: ['far-advanced disease']

entities_list: @entity1732 :: ('MESH:D001761', 'Chemical') :: ['bleomycin']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity5713 :: ('MESH:D014747', 'Chemical') :: ['vinblastine']

answer: @entity41 :: (MESH:D018365,Disease) :: ['residual tumor']


abstract: @entity2184 arises from melanocytes of the uveal tract (iris, ciliary body and choroid) and represents the most common intraocular malignancy in adults. Some rare clinical situations (young age at diagnosis, bilateral or multifocal forms, association with @entity320 ) are suggestive of genetic susceptibility. The aim of this study was to evaluate the contribution of @entity986 / @entity986 , @entity986 and @entity8985 gene germline mutations in a series of @entity1 with @entity2184 recruited in a single institution with a clinical presentation indicative of genetic predisposition. Molecular analyses were proposed to 36 @entity1 and were performed in 25 cases. The contribution of @entity6069 gene germline mutations in @entity1 with @entity2184 and a personal and/or family history of @entity5344 was also evaluated. Molecular analysis of @entity6069 genes was proposed to 35 @entity1 and was performed in 25 @entity1 . No deleterious germline mutation was identified in either group of @entity1 . These results indicate that the @entity986 / @entity986 , @entity986 , @entity8985 genes are not responsible for the vast majority of genetic susceptibility to @entity2184 . They also suggest that one case of @entity2184 in a family with a history of @entity0 is not sufficient to justify @entity6069 genetic testing when the classical criteria for molecular analysis are not present. International studies are ongoing in @entity320 -prone families in an attempt to identify @entity2184 susceptibility loci and genes.

title: Contribution of XXXX / @entity986 ( @entity986 ), @entity986 (ARF), @entity8985 and @entity6069 germline mutations in individuals with suspected genetic predisposition to @entity2184 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5344 :: ('MESH:D061325', 'Disease') :: ['breast/ovarian cancers']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity2184 :: ('MESH:C536494', 'Disease') :: ['Uveal melanoma', 'uveal melanoma']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma', 'cutaneous malignant melanoma and/or familial aggregations of melanomas']

answer: @entity986 :: (1029,Gene) :: ['CDKN2A']


abstract: OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: To evaluate the hearing changes and quality-of-life outcomes of 393 cases of @entity3639 / @entity619 inner ear perfusion performed by the primary author on 312 ears of 299 @entity1 with @entity9303 between July 2002 and May 2010. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective chart review. METHODS: Objective arm: A database was used to compile pretreatment and post-treatment audiograms as well as basic demographic information, dates of treatment, number of treatments, and which ear was treated. All @entity1 met the 1995 American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Committee on Hearing and Equilibrium Guidelines for the diagnosis and evaluation of therapy in @entity9303 . All @entity1 underwent one or more 3-day treatments consisting of daily intratympanic injections of a low-dose @entity3639 /high-dose @entity619 mixture plus intravenous @entity619 . The end point for treatment was adequate control of vertigo. Subjective arm: The Meniere's Disease Outcomes Questionnaire survey was used to assess @entity1 ' quality of life after receiving @entity3639 / @entity619 inner ear perfusion. All procedures were performed by the primary author at the Shea Ear Clinic, a tertiary-referral otology clinic and outpatient surgery center. RESULTS: After a single 3-day treatment, the average change in pure tone average was 0.89 dB (  11). The average change in word recognition score was 0.49% (  17). The average number of days from treatment to follow-up audiogram was 94 with a range of 8 to 1,603. Clinically significant @entity393 occurred after 62 of 393 (15.7%) treatments. Severe @entity393 occurred after 20 of 393 treatments (5.0%). The percentage of ears with clinically significant @entity393 after all treatments was 56 of 312 (17.9%). A total of 215 surveys were returned from 383 @entity1 (56.1%) to whom they were mailed. There were 90% of @entity1 who indicated improvement in quality of life after treatment and 88% who indicated improvement in their "vertigo subscore," a domain within the survey that focuses on vertigo control. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3639 / @entity619 inner ear perfusion is as safe to the hearing of @entity1 with @entity9303 as other @entity4028 regimens and provides a significant improvement in quality of life.

title: Hearing results and quality of life after XXXX / @entity619 perfusion for @entity9303 .

entities_list: @entity9303 :: ('MESH:D008575', 'Disease') :: ["Meniere's disease"]

entities_list: @entity3639 :: ('MESH:D013307', 'Chemical') :: ['Streptomycin', 'streptomycin']

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['dexamethasone']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing loss']

entities_list: @entity4028 :: ('CHEBI:47779', 'Chemical') :: ['aminoglycoside']

answer: @entity3639 :: (MESH:D013307,Chemical) :: ['streptomycin']


abstract: PURPOSE. To report on 23 @entity1 with @entity5 ( @entity5 ) of the femur or tibia treated with curettage, electrocautery, burring, @entity3971 irrigation, and cementation. METHODS. Records of these 14 @entity1 and 9 @entity1 aged 22 to 38 (mean, 31) years were reviewed. The most common site involved was the distal femur (n=13), followed by proximal tibia (n=8), proximal femur (n=1), and distal tibia (n=1). The lesions were classified as grade I (n=3), grade II (n=18), and grade III (n=2). Based on histology, the @entity5 stage was classified as grade I (n=5) and grade II (n=18). Two of these @entity1 had recurrences, which were initially treated with simple curettage and bone grafting of the distal femur and distal tibia. RESULTS. The mean follow-up period was 5.7 (range, 2.5-10.1) years. 14 of the 23 @entity1 were followed up for over 10 years. No @entity1 developed any local recurrence, remote @entity3 , or complication related to surgery or adjuvant therapy. CONCLUSION. Combined treatment entailing curettage, electrocautery, burring, @entity3971 irrigation, and cementation was effective in treating @entity5 of bone.

title: Treating XXXX with curettage, electrocautery, burring, @entity3971 irrigation, and cementation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour', 'giant cell tumour', 'GCT']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['giant cell tumours']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: In response to recent studies, we investigated an association between perioperative b-blockade and @entity0 @entity3 . First, a retrospective study examining perioperative b-blocker use and @entity5 recurrence and @entity3 was conducted on 1,029  @entity1 who underwent @entity0 surgery at the City of @entity5 Center between  2000 and  2010. We followed the clinical study and examined proliferation, migration, and invasion in  vitro of primary and brain-metastatic @entity0 cells in response to b2-activation and inhibition. We also investigated in  vivo the metastatic potential of @entity1169 -treated metastatic cells. For @entity0 @entity1 , perioperative b-blockade was associated with decreased @entity5 recurrence using Cox regression analysis (hazard's ratio  =0.51; 95%  CI: 0.23-0.97; p=0.041). @entity549 ( @entity549 ) brain-metastatic cells were found to have increased b2-adrenergic receptor mRNA and protein expression relative to @entity549 primary cells. In response to b2-adrenergic receptor activation, @entity549 brain-metastatic cells also exhibited increased cell proliferation and migration relative to the control. These effects were abrogated by @entity1169 . @entity1169 decreased b2-adrenergic receptor-activated invasion. In  vivo, @entity1169 treatment of @entity549 brain-metastatic cells decreased establishment of brain @entity3 . Our results suggest that stress and corresponding b2-activation may promote the establishment of brain @entity3 of @entity549 @entity0 cells. In addition, our data suggest a benefit to perioperative b-blockade during surgery-induced stress with respect to @entity0 recurrence and @entity3 .

title: Inhibition of b2-adrenergic receptor reduces triple-negative XXXX @entity3 : The potential benefit of perioperative b-blockade.

entities_list: @entity1169 :: ('MESH:D011433', 'Chemical') :: ['propranolol', 'Propranolol']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer', 'stage  II breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Hope Cancer', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity549 :: ('MESH:D064726', 'Disease') :: ['Triple-negative', 'TN']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer brain']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Treatment of noncardiac @entity662 (NCCP) remains a challenge. This is in part due to the heterogeneous nature of this disorder. Several conditions are associated with NCCP including @entity354 ( @entity354 ), @entity4423 , @entity56 as well as others. AIM: To determine the currently available therapeutic modalities for NCCP. METHODS: We performed a systematic review of the literature that was published between January, 1980 and March, 2011. We identified 734 studies; 68 of them met entry criteria. RESULTS: @entity1 with @entity354 -related NCCP should receive proton pump inhibitors (PPI) twice daily for at least 8 weeks. Smooth muscle relaxants are only recommended for temporary relief of NCCP with @entity1319 . Botulinum toxin injection of the distal oesophagus may be effective in the treatment of NCCP and @entity1319 . Studies assessing the value of tricyclic antidepressants, @entity3346 and selective @entity750 reuptake inhibitors in NCCP are relatively small, but suggest an oesophageal analgesic effect in NCCP @entity1 that is limited by their side effects profile. The usage of theophylline to treat @entity1 with non- @entity354 -related NCCP should be weighed against its potential @entity137 . Use of complementary medicine has been scarcely studied in NCCP. @entity1 with coexisting psychological morbidity or those not responding to any medical therapy should be considered for psychological intervention. Cognitive behavioural therapy and hypnotherapy may be useful in the treatment of NCCP. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with @entity354 -related noncardiac @entity662 should be treated with at least double dose PPI. The primary treatment for non- @entity354 -related noncardiac @entity662 , regardless if @entity4423 is present, is @entity158 modulators.

title: Systematic review: the treatment of noncardiac XXXX .

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['chest pain']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3346 :: ('MESH:D014196', 'Chemical') :: ['trazodone']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['oesophageal hypersensitivity']

entities_list: @entity354 :: ('MESH:D005764', 'Disease') :: ['GERD', 'gastro-oesophageal reflux disease']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['serotonin']

entities_list: @entity4423 :: ('MESH:D015154', 'Disease') :: ['oesophageal dysmotility']

entities_list: @entity1319 :: ('MESH:D015835', 'Disease') :: ['motility disorders', 'spastic oesophageal motility disorders']

answer: @entity662 :: (MESH:D002637,Disease) :: ['chest pain']


abstract: To evaluate and compare the scalp and the abdomen as split- @entity121 skin graft donor sites for @entity850 repair. A total of 34 @entity1 with @entity850 were included in the study. All the @entity1 underwent meatoplasty using split- @entity121 skin grafts. Among them, the skin graft donor site was the scalp in 11 @entity1 and the abdomen in the other 23 @entity1 . The surgical team followed the @entity1 in the outpatient department for at least 6 months after surgery. Evaluations concerned healing of the donor site, hair regeneration of the donor site, survival of split- @entity121 skin grafts, reoccurrence of @entity850 and hair growth in the ear canal. The incidences of reoccurrence of @entity850 in the two groups were compared. Subjective scar evaluation of the donor sites was performed using the @entity1 Scar Assessment Scale (PASA). The scale items were @entity158 , itching, color, stiffness, @entity121 and irregularity. All the scalp and abdominal donor sites healed well with no sign of @entity281 . Hair regrowth and reepithelialization was observed at all the scalp donor sites. Pink discoloration was observed at the scalp donor sites in six @entity1 2-3 months after surgery and disappeared 6-9 months after surgery. Scars were observed at the scalp donor sites in two @entity1 6 months after surgery. No alopecia was observed at the scalp donor sites. The scars and pink discoloration were hidden in the hair. Scars and/or discoloration were observed at all the abdominal donor sites 12 months after surgery. All the scalp and abdominal skin grafts survived with no sign of @entity281 . Hair growth was observed in the ear canals in two @entity1 in the scalp group. The incidences of reoccurrence of @entity850 were 0 % (0/23) in the abdominal group and 9.1 % (1/11) in the scalp group, respectively (Chi square test, p > 0.05). The PASA values about color, stiffness, @entity121 and irregularity were higher in the abdominal group than in the scalp group (Mann-Whitney U test, p < 0.001). The PASA values about @entity158 and itching were the same (Mann-Whitney U test, p > 0.05). The scalp meets most requirements of an ideal donor site of skin grafts for @entity850 . The advantages of scalp as a donor site include easy accessibility in the operative field, simple postoperative care, low risk of @entity281 , rapid wound healing, minimal interference with rehabilitation, and minimal scar formation.

title: Comparison of scalp and abdomen as split- @entity121 skin graft donor sites for XXXX repair.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['aural stenosis']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['thickness']

answer: @entity850 :: (MESH:D003251,Disease) :: ['aural stenosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Studies have reported associations between the five-factor model's personality traits and @entity32 markers @entity650 ( @entity650 ) and @entity1851 ( @entity1851 ). Findings, however, have been inconsistent. This study investigates these associations in individuals who ranged in age from approximately 70 to 73 years. METHODS: @entity1 were from the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936 (n = 818). Acute-phase proteins- @entity1851 and fibrinogen-were measured at ages approximately 70 years (first wave) and 73 years (second wave), and the inflammatory cytokine @entity650 was measured at age 73 years. Personality traits were measured at age 70 years using two instruments, the International Personality Item Pool and the NEO Five-Factor Inventory. RESULTS: Lower International Personality Item Pool conscientiousness was cross-sectionally associated with elevated @entity1851 , such that 1 standard deviation higher conscientiousness was associated with 22% lower odds of having a @entity1851 level greater than 3 mg/l (odds ratio = 0.78; 95% confidence interval = 0.67-0.91). NEO Five-Factor Inventory openness was negatively associated with @entity1851 (odds ratio = 0.79; 95% confidence interval = 0.67-0.94) and @entity650 (b = -.08, p = .045) at age 73 years; these associations were attenuated by 26% and 63%, respectively, after adjusting for social background and prior cognitive ability. Body mass index mediated some (14%-18%) of the @entity32 association, whereas common health behaviors such as smoking, @entity167 consumption, and physical activity did not significantly mediate the personality trait-inflammatory marker association. CONCLUSIONS: The findings add some support to accumulating evidence for low conscientiousness being linked to higher levels of @entity32 and poorer general health.

title: Personality traits and @entity32 in @entity1 and XXXX in their early 70s: the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936 study of healthy aging.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Participants']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation', 'conscientiousness-inflammation']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein', 'CRP']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: PURPOSE: Conventional noncontrast CT (NCCT) is insensitive to hyperacute @entity385 in the first 3 h. Our aim was to determine if CT perfusion ( @entity93 ) can improve diagnostic accuracy over NCCT for @entity1 presenting with @entity64 symptoms in the 3-hour window. METHODS: Consecutive @entity1 presenting to our emergency department with symptoms of @entity385 <3 h old and receiving NCCT and @entity93 as part of their triage evaluation were retrospectively reviewed. @entity1 with follow-up diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI) <7 days from ictus were included. Two readers rated the NCCT and @entity93 for evidence of acute @entity1188 and its vascular territory. @entity93 selectively covered 24 mm of brain centered at the basal ganglia with low relative cerebral blood volume in a region of low cerebral blood flow or elevated time to peak as the operational definition for @entity1188 . A third reader rated all follow-up DWI for acute @entity1188 and its vascular territory as the reference standard. Sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values were calculated. An exact McNemar test and generalized estimating equations from a binary logistic regression model were used to assess the difference in detection rates between modalities. A two-sided p value <0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: 100 @entity1 were included. Sixty-five (65%) @entity1 had follow-up DWI confirmation of acute @entity1188 . NCCT revealed 17 (26.2%) @entity1188 without false positives. @entity93 revealed 42 (64.6%) @entity1188 with one false positive. Of the 23 @entity1188 missed on @entity93 , 10 (43.5%) were outside the volume of coverage while the remaining 13 (56.5%) were small cortical or @entity1188 (<or=15 mm in size). @entity93 was significantly more sensitive (64.6 vs. 26.2%, p < 0.0001) and accurate (76.0 vs. 52%, p < 0.0001) and had a better negative predictive value (59.6 vs. 42.2%, p = 0.032) than NCCT. CONCLUSION: In a retrospective cohort of 100 @entity1 with symptoms of hyperacute @entity64 in the 3-hour window, @entity93 provided improved sensitivity and accuracy over NCCT.

title: Perfusion CT improves diagnostic accuracy for hyperacute XXXX in the 3-hour window: study of 100 @entity1 with diffusion MRI confirmation.

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['lacunar type infarcts', 'acute infarcts', 'infarcts', 'infarct', 'infarction']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke', 'cerebral infarction']

answer: @entity385 :: (MESH:D002544,Disease) :: ['ischemic stroke']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to analyze the surgical treatment of @entity1 presenting with petrosal @entity3540 . STUDY DESIGN: The study design was a retrospective case review. SETTING: The study was conducted at a tertiary referral center. @entity1 : @entity1 were referred to the University Department of Otolaryngology, Manchester Royal Infirmary, with surgically confirmed petrosal @entity3540 . INTERVENTION: Interventions were diagnostic and therapeutic. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Postoperative facial function, @entity393 , recurrent @entity3540 , and petrous cavity morbidity in relation to preoperative signs, intraoperative findings, and surgical techniques were measured. RESULTS: Twenty-five @entity1 were treated between 1979 and 1997. Complete preoperative @entity3541 was always associated with @entity2721 around the geniculate ganglion, and @entity63 was thought to be an important factor. Resection of the ischemic nerve segment and end-to-end @entity254 over the posterior fossa dura allowed full removal of @entity3540 matrix and reinnervation along a healthy and vascularized nerve. In five of the seven cases with recurrent disease, @entity3540 was localized to the intrapetrous carotid or geniculate ganglion. The introduction of endoscopic techniques has allowed assessment of the full extent of @entity3540 matrix missed using conventional microscopic visualization. @entity162 , densely adherent to dura, is effective in destroying squamous epithelium. @entity1 with @entity6675 and blind sac closure had minimal postoperative morbidity, and current magnetic resonance imaging techniques are effective in diagnosing and delineating recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: This study illustrates a gradual change in the treatment of @entity1 with petrosal @entity3540 . By defining the main areas of @entity1 morbidity and using both recent technical advances and alternative surgical techniques, further improvement in @entity1 outcome is envisaged.

title: Petrosal XXXX : management considerations for minimizing morbidity.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['Bipolar diathermy to areas of cholesteatoma']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['facial nerve ischemia']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity3540 :: ('MESH:D002781', 'Disease') :: ['cholesteatoma', 'disease and removal of cholesteatoma']

entities_list: @entity6675 :: ('MESH:D020139', 'Disease') :: ['cavity obliteration']

entities_list: @entity2721 :: ('MESH:D018213', 'Disease') :: ['bony erosion']

entities_list: @entity3541 :: ('MESH:D005158', 'Disease') :: ['facial paralysis']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing loss']

answer: @entity3540 :: (MESH:D002781,Disease) :: ['cholesteatoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity73 is said to be a core feature of @entity161 . Executive function is an important cognitive domain. AIM: This study was undertaken to assess @entity73 among Indian @entity1 with @entity161 ( @entity161 ) or @entity914 ( @entity914 ), compared with their parents and unaffected individuals (controls). SETTINGS AND DESIGN: Executive functions as measured by Trail-making Test (TMT), of @entity1 and their parents were compared with controls. The @entity1 were recruited from the Outpatients' Department (OPD) of a government hospital. MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity1 diagnosed as @entity161 or @entity914 (n=172) and their parents (n=196: families n=132, 119 fathers and 77 mothers) participated. We also included 120 @entity1 with no history of @entity146 . Cognitive function was assessed with the TMT. The Information Score of the Post Graduate Institute Battery of @entity75 test, developed in India for Indian subjects was used as a proxy for general fixed knowledge. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Logistic and linear regression was used to compare @entity73 of cases, parents and controls. RESULTS: Cases and their parents took significantly more time than controls on Part B of the TMT. There were no statistically significant differences between cases and parents on any of the TMT parameters. Using regression analysis, the most significant correlates of all TMT parameters among cases were with occurrence of @entity2167 and current age. CONCLUSION: Cases, as well as their parents showed more @entity73 than controls on the TMT.

title: Executive functions and XXXX in @entity161 : comparisons between probands, parents and controls in India.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity2167 :: ('MESH:D006311', 'Disease') :: ['auditory hallucinations']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric illness']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['Brain Dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment', 'cognitive deficits', 'Cognitive impairment']

entities_list: @entity914 :: ('MESH:D011618', 'Disease') :: ['SzA', 'schizoaffective disorder']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia', 'Sz']

answer: @entity73 :: (MESH:D003072,Disease) :: ['cognitive deficits']


abstract: A 71-year-old @entity1 was referred to our outpatient clinic because of @entity4841 and swelling of his right hand. He also showed a subcutaneous nodule on his left knee. A second @entity1 , a 57-year-old @entity1 , was referred because of @entity158 skin of her legs. Dermatologic examination revealed erythematous livid discoloration on both feet and legs. There were reticular varices, @entity5519 medialis and minimal pitting @entity4 . Serology tested positive in both @entity1 for @entity12732 and they both recalled tick bites. A third @entity1 , a 73-year-old @entity1 , was referred because of erythema and maculae located at her lower legs and positive @entity12732 serology. Pathologic examination was typical for @entity9145 chronica @entity2641 , a late skin manifestation of @entity3001 . In all @entity1 , symptoms improved after treatment with @entity3403 for four weeks. A lack of familiarity with this @entity272 may lead to unnecessary vascular investigations and considerable delay in adequate treatment.

title: [ @entity9145 chronica @entity2641 : late manifestation of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients', 'patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity3001 :: ('MESH:D008193', 'Disease') :: ['Lyme borreliosis']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['oedema']

entities_list: @entity5519 :: ('MESH:C535571', 'Disease') :: ['corona flebectatia paraplantaris']

entities_list: @entity3403 :: ('MESH:D004318', 'Chemical') :: ['doxycycline']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin condition']

entities_list: @entity2641 :: ('MESH:D011038', 'Disease') :: ['atrophicans']

entities_list: @entity4841 :: ('MESH:D018771', 'Disease') :: ['arthralgia']

entities_list: @entity9145 :: ('MESH:D000169', 'Disease') :: ['acrodermatitis']

answer: @entity3001 :: (MESH:D008193,Disease) :: ['Lyme borreliosis']


abstract: Almost all DNA and RNA metabolizing enzymes can be assayed rapidly and very sensitively by exploiting the enhanced fluorescence of @entity5611 intercalated into duplex DNA or RNA. Denatured DNA and natural RNAs contain duplex regions due to intramolecular @entity3884 -bonding and can also be sensitively measured. Where the product is truly single-stranded (e.g. dTn) it can be assayed by adding the appropriate complementary strand (e.g. @entity35690 or @entity30002 ). Some of the assays described provide information not readily obtained by other assay procedures. Among the enzymes readily assayed are DNA and RNA polymerases, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferases, nucleases of all varieties (e.g. single-strand specific, endonucleases including for example AP endonucleases, exonucleases, RNase H, etc.), ligases, topoisomerases including gyrases, and indirectly enzymes such as proteases and @entity224 dismutase. DNA binding proteins such as histones and helix destablizing proteins can also be quantitatively assayed.

title: Review: XXXX fluorescence assay. Part II. Enzymatic studies and DNA-protein interactions.

entities_list: @entity3884 :: ('MESH:D006859', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrogen']

entities_list: @entity5611 :: ('MESH:D004996', 'Chemical') :: ['ethidium']

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide']

answer: @entity5611 :: (MESH:D004996,Chemical) :: ['ethidium']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Endosonography (EUS) is the most accurate modality for assessing depth of @entity5 invasion and local lymph node @entity3 . However, its accuracy in the identification of metastatic (celiac axis) lymph nodes is less well defined. Our objective in this study was to determine the accuracy of Eus in detecting celiac axis lymph node @entity3 in @entity1 with @entity418 . METHODS: Two hundred fourteen @entity1 with @entity418 underwent preoperative EUS. Of these, 145 underwent attempted surgical resection and staging, and 4 underwent EUS-guided fine-needle aspiration of mediastinal and celiac lymph nodes. Local (mediastinal) and distant (celiac axis) lymph nodes were assessed for @entity5 on the basis of four criteria (larger than 1 cm, round, homogeneous echo pattern, sharp borders). Accuracy of EUS was determined by means of correlating histopathologic findings for the resected lymph nodes or results of EUS-guided fine-needle aspiration cytologic examination. RESULTS: Surgical exploration (n = 145) and fine-needle aspiration cytologic examination (n = 4) revealed metastatic celiac axis lymph nodes in 23 and metastatic mediastinal (local) lymph nodes in 93 of 149 @entity1 with @entity418 . According to defined criteria for malignant lymph nodes, there were 19 true-positive and 4 falsenegative results. Sensitivity for the diagnosis of @entity1600 with EUS was 83% with a 98% specificity. For the diagnosis of mediastinal lymph node @entity3 , sensitivity was 79% and specificity was 63%. All @entity1 with malignant celiac axis lymph nodes had local T3 ( @entity5 breaching adventitia) or T4 ( @entity5 invading adjacent organs) disease. CONCLUSION: EUS is an excellent modality in the evaluation of metastatic celiac axis lymph nodes in @entity1 with @entity418 . These findings should be used in selecting options for treatment. Sensitivity for detecting @entity5 is consistent with that of prior studies, and local and regional lymph nodes and specificity is significantly higher.

title: Evaluation of metastatic celiac axis lymph nodes in XXXX with @entity418 : accuracy of EUS.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'malignancy']

entities_list: @entity1600 :: ('MESH:D014388', 'Disease') :: ['celiac lymph node metastasis']

entities_list: @entity418 :: ('MESH:D004938', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study investigated the clinical relevance of early general chest ultrasonography (ie, heart and lung recordings) in @entity1 in the ICU with @entity1576 ( @entity1576 ). METHODS: We prospectively compared this diagnostic approach (ultrasound) to a routine evaluation established from clinical, radiologic, and biologic data (standard). Subjects were @entity1 consecutively admitted to the ICU of a university teaching hospital during a 1-year period. Inclusion criteria were age >=  18 years and the presence of severe @entity1576 criteria to justify ICU admission. We compared the diagnostic approaches and the final diagnosis determined by a panel of experts. RESULTS: Seventy-eight @entity1 were included (age, 70    18 years; sex ratio, 1). Three @entity1 given two or more simultaneous diagnoses were subsequently excluded. The ultrasound approach was more accurate than the standard approach (83% vs 63%, respectively; P < .02). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed greater diagnostic performance of ultrasound in cases of @entity55 (standard, 0.74    0.12; ultrasound, 0.87    0.14; P < .02), acute @entity3126 (standard, 0.79    0.11; ultrasound, 0.93    0.08; P < .007), decompensated @entity1030 (standard, 0.8    0.09; ultrasound, 0.92    0.15; P < .05), and @entity1151 (standard, 0.65    0.12; ultrasound, 0.81    0.17; P < .04). Furthermore, we found that the use of ultrasound data could have significantly improved the initial treatment. CONCLUSIONS: The use of cardiothoracic ultrasound appears to be an attractive complementary diagnostic tool and seems able to contribute to an early therapeutic decision based on reproducible physiopathologic data.

title: Usefulness of cardiothoracic chest ultrasound in the management of XXXX in critical care practice.

entities_list: @entity3126 :: ('MESH:D011654', 'Disease') :: ['hemodynamic pulmonary edema']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary embolism']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['ARF', 'acute respiratory failure']

answer: @entity1576 :: (MESH:D012131,Disease) :: ['acute respiratory failure']


abstract: PURPOSE: Aprepitant was shown previously to be effective for prevention of chemotherapy-induced @entity1209 (CINV) with @entity7730 ( @entity7730 ) in @entity0 @entity1 receiving an @entity4349 and @entity786 (AC)-based regimen. This study assessed aprepitant in @entity1 receiving a broad range of @entity7730 regimens with a variety of @entity5 types. METHODS: This phase III, randomized, gender-stratified, double-blind trial enrolled @entity1 with confirmed @entity5 , na  ve to @entity7730 or highly emetogenic chemotherapy, who were scheduled to receive a single dose of at least one @entity7730 agent. @entity1 received an aprepitant triple-therapy regimen (aprepitant, ondansetron, and @entity619 ) or a control regimen (ondansetron and @entity619 ) administered orally. Primary and key secondary efficacy endpoints were proportions of @entity1 with no @entity391 and complete response (no @entity391 and no rescue medication), respectively, during the 120 h post-chemotherapy. RESULTS: Of 848 randomized @entity1 , 77% were female, and 52% received non-AC-based antineoplastic regimens. Significantly, more @entity1 in the aprepitant group achieved no @entity391 and complete response, regardless of whether they received AC or non-AC regimens, in the 120 h after chemotherapy. Overall, the incidences of adverse events were generally similar in the aprepitant (62.8%) and control groups (67.2%). CONCLUSIONS: The aprepitant regimen provided superior efficacy in the treatment of CINV in a broad range of @entity1 receiving @entity7730 (non-AC or AC) in both no @entity391 and complete response endpoints. Aprepitant was generally well tolerated. These results show the benefit of including aprepitant as part of the standard antiemetic regimen for @entity5 @entity1 receiving @entity7730 .

title: Aprepitant for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced XXXX associated with a broad range of moderately emetogenic chemotherapies and @entity5 types: a randomized, double-blind study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity4349 :: ('CHEBI:48120', 'Chemical') :: ['anthracycline']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['dexamethasone']

entities_list: @entity7730 :: ('MESH:D064146', 'Disease') :: ['MEC', 'moderately emetogenic chemotherapy']

entities_list: @entity1209 :: ('MESH:D020250', 'Disease') :: ['nausea and vomiting']

answer: @entity1209 :: (MESH:D020250,Disease) :: ['nausea and vomiting']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Traumatic optic neuropathy is an acute injury of the optic nerve due to trauma. It is an ocular emergency, requiring early treatment though there is no proven standard treatment protocol for the condition. Various studies have shown improvement in vision after intravenous @entity230 , but not statistically significant. Studies have revealed even optical decompression surgery is not the ultimate treatment because of no significant improvement of vision. Our study aims to assess visual outcome after high dose (1 gram) of intravenous @entity1667 in cases with indirect optic neuropathy. METHODS: This was a non-randomized interventional study carried out in Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital from May 1st 2013- June 1st 2014. RESULTS: There were 10 cases with indirect traumatic optic neuropathy included in the study. Four cases received IV @entity1667 and six cases were observed without @entity479 treatment. Traumatic optic neuropathy was observed more in males[8 (80%)]with higher number in age group 21-30 years old. The visual recovery after intravenous @entity479 treatment was rapid and beneficial in cases with vision better than Non Perception of Light (NPL), even in cases presented 4 days after the trauma. CONCLUSIONS: There was rapid and beneficial improvement in visual acuity after high dose of intravenous @entity479 treatment in cases with indirect traumatic optic neuropathy with vision better than Non Perception of Light (NPL).

title: Visual Outcome after Treatment with High Dose Intravenous XXXX in Indirect Traumatic Optic Neuropathy.

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity1667 :: ('MESH:D008775', 'Chemical') :: ['methylprednisolone']

answer: @entity1667 :: (MESH:D008775,Chemical) :: ['Methylprednisolone']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To detect the expression of @entity9961 in @entity189 ( @entity189 ) and explore its relationship with proliferation and @entity3 of @entity189 . METHODS: Biopsy specimens of 62 @entity189 @entity1 were divided into 2 equal portions, one for immunohistochemical staining with @entity9961 polyclonal antibody by streptavidin peroxidase method, another for flow cytometry with Ki67 antibody to analyze the proliferation of @entity5 . The @entity1 were followed up periodically, and then their 3-year survival and the cause of @entity204 were statistically analyzed. RESULTS: Of the 62 @entity1 , the percentage of @entity9961 positive cells in the @entity5 ranged from 0 - 82%, 17 (27.4%) were negative, 13 (21.0%) weak positive, 18 (29.0%) moderate positive and 14 (22.6%) strong positive. Ki67 positive @entity5 cells ranged from 0 - 52%, 40 cases (64.5%) showed low expression which include 15 cases of negative, 22 (35.5%) showed high expression. There was a direct relationship between the expression of @entity9961 and Ki67 (r = 0.323, P < 0.05). The 3-year survival rate of 62 @entity1 was 66.1%. The expression of @entity9961 in the @entity1 with positive lymph node was much higher than that with negative lymph node (P < 0.01). Among the 8 @entity1 with distant @entity3 , their @entity9961 expression was strong positive while among the 21 disease free survival @entity1 , their @entity9961 expression was (-) or (+) account for 80.9%. An inverse correlation was found between the @entity9961 expression and prognosis of @entity189 @entity1 , but the difference has no statistical significance (r = -0.219, P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: High expression of @entity9961 is related with proliferation and @entity3 of @entity189 cells. It is not an independent prognostic factor, but a predictive marker of disease-free survival of @entity189 @entity1 .

title: [Relationship between @entity9961 expression and XXXX proliferation and @entity3 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['nasopharyngeal carcinoma', 'NPC']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['nasopharyngeal carcinoma']


abstract: Primary @entity2588 caused by separation of the cervix from the uterine body resulting from pelvic trauma is exceptionally rare. This case report describes the diagnosis and successful laparoscopic approximation of traumatic separation of the cervix from the uterine corpus. A 16-year-old @entity1 who was involved in a car accident at age 2 years had primary @entity2588 and @entity490 . A closed pelvic @entity174 was managed nonsurgically, with an uneventful recovery. Since age 13 years, the @entity1 has been experiencing @entity490 . Ultrasonography suggested a 5-cm left adnexal mass. Diagnostic laparoscopy revealed complete separation of the uterine corpus from the cervix, and an @entity46 in the left ovary. The uterine corpus was approximated to the cervix with circumferentially placed sutures under direct laparoscopic guidance. The @entity46 was resected concomitantly. Normal cyclic menstruation resumed 2 months postoperatively, without @entity490 . This case report demonstrates successful laparoscopic approximation of traumatic separation of the uterine corpus from the cervix, manifested as primary @entity2588 .

title: Laparoscopic uterine anastomosis for traumatic separation of the cervix from the uterine corpus caused by closed pelvic XXXX : case report and literature review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['girl', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity46 :: ('MESH:D004715', 'Disease') :: ['endometrioma']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['cyclic abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity2588 :: ('MESH:D000568', 'Disease') :: ['amenorrhea']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['fracture']


abstract: The pathogenesis of @entity195 (localized thyroid autonomy) is incompletely known. It has been shown that a normal thyroid follicle can harbour cells with widely different properties, and hyperactive follicles may arise from cells with both high replicating and hormonogenic potencies under the influence of chronic mild stimulation. We now find thyroid growth-stimulating immunoglobulins (TGI) to be present in low or intermediate titre in the serum of 7 of 9 @entity1 with @entity195 . Haemagglutinating antibodies against thyroid microsomal antigen were present in low titre in two of these as well as in three of 21 other @entity1 with this disorder. Two of the @entity1 had a suppressible goitre in addition to the autonomous nodule. One of these is described in more detail. The possibility is discussed that @entity792 may play a pathogenic role in @entity195 . TGI, in relatively low titres as found here, could exert the chronic mild stimulation supposed to be the prime event in the generation of hyperactive follicles. Whether autonomy is intrinsically present in these follicles or triggered by stimulation, remains to be established. @entity1378 supervenes only when the mass of autonomous cells surpasses a certain limit. It appears that these @entity1 with @entity195 should be included in the multidimensional spectrum of @entity1669 .

title: @entity792 and the pathogenesis of localized thyroid autonomy ( XXXX ).

entities_list: @entity1669 :: ('MESH:D013967', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune thyroid disease']

entities_list: @entity1378 :: ('MESH:D006980', 'Disease') :: ['Hyperthyroidism']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["Plummer's disease"]

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmunity']

answer: @entity195 :: (MESH:D000544,Disease) :: ['Plummer's disease']


abstract: A reduced myocardial @entity1734 / @entity855 (PCr/ @entity855 ) ratio is linked to both @entity67 and @entity712 . Although @entity28 is well known to cause @entity67 a link to impaired cardiac energetics has only recently been established. We assessed whether or not long-term @entity353 in @entity28 , which is known to reduce mortality, is accompanied by both improved cardiac energetics and diastolic function. Normal weight (BMI 22    2; n = 18) and @entity28 subjects (BMI 34    4; n = 13) underwent cine-MRI (1.5 Tesla) to determine left ventricular diastolic function using volume-time curve analysis, and @entity9715 -MR spectroscopy (3 Tesla) to assess cardiac energetics (PCr/ @entity855 ratio). Obese subjects (n = 13) underwent repeat assessment after 1 year of supervised @entity353 . Obesity, in the absence of identifiable cardiovascular risk factors, was associated with significantly impaired myocardial high energy @entity1391 metabolism (PCr/ @entity855 ratio, normal; 2.03    0.27 vs. @entity28 ; 1.58    0.47, p = 0.002) and significantly lower peak diastolic filling rate (normal; 4.8    0.8 vs. @entity28 ; 3.8    0.7 EDV/s, p = 0.01). Weight loss (on average 9 kg, 55% excess weight) over 1 year resulted in a 24% increase in PCr/ @entity855 ratio (p = 0.01) and an 18% improvement in peak diastolic filling rate (p = 0.01). Myocardial PCr/ @entity855 ratio remained positively correlated with peak diastolic filling rate after @entity353 (r = 0.63, p = 0.02). In @entity28 , @entity353 improves impaired cardiac energetics and myocardial relaxation. Improved myocardial energetics appear to play a key role in diastolic functional recovery accompanying @entity353 .

title: Effects of XXXX on myocardial energetics and diastolic function in @entity28 .

entities_list: @entity1734 :: ('CHEBI:17287', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphocreatine']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obese', 'obesity']

entities_list: @entity1391 :: ('CHEBI:26020', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphate']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['diastolic dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity855 :: ('MESH:D000255', 'Chemical') :: ['adenosine triphosphate', 'ATP']

answer: @entity353 :: (MESH:D015431,Disease) :: ['weight loss']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term survival rate and functional results after iridocyclectomy. @entity1 AND METHOD: Between 1980 and 2002 39 @entity1 (26 female and 13 male) ranging in age from 20 to 79 years (median m = 58 years) underwent iridocyclectomy for a @entity5 of @entity1539 by means of a lamellar technique or by trepanating. Follow-up time ranged from 3 months to 24 years (m = 11.2 years). RESULTS: In 21 cases (54 %) there was a @entity5 including 20 @entity320 (mostly spindle-cell and mixed-cell @entity320 ) and one filiae of a @entity153 . There was a variety of histopathological entities in the 18 benign lesions (46 %). Naevi were the most frequent. The outcome was satisfactory: 57 % of the @entity1 kept a visual acuity of > 0.5. Three eyes had to be enucleated. The rate of recurrence was 10 % (4 cases). The Kaplan-Meyer estimate for the 10-year-survival of the @entity1 with a @entity5 was 77 %. Two @entity1 died of metastic @entity320 following spindle-cell and mixed-cell @entity320 . CONCLUSION: The long-term functional results after Iridocyclectomy are good, whereas complications and recurrences are rare. The 10-year-survival is high. Over a long period iridocyclectomy is a recommendable surgical procedure for removal of progredient @entity5 of the anterior uvea.

title: [Long-term results of iridocyclectomy for iris XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1539 :: ('MESH:D007499', 'Disease') :: ['periphery iris']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant iris tumour', 'tumours', 'malignant tumour', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity153 :: ('MESH:D002283', 'Disease') :: ['bronchial carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma', 'melanomas']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumours']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To report a case of @entity2478 ( @entity2478 ) in a @entity1 . DESIGN: Case report. SETTING: Pediatric intensive care unit. @entity1 : A 6-yr-old @entity1 was admitted twice to the pediatric intensive care unit, at a 10-month interval, in severe shock with important @entity4 . RESULTS: The @entity1 presented with acute symptoms of @entity490 , @entity391 , and @entity1163 in the hour preceding the shock. During both episodes necessary management included aggressive intravenous fluid rehydration, mechanical ventilation, and use of inotropes/vasopressors. Suspicion of a lower limb @entity9156 necessitated surgical exploration, but pathology reports were negative on both occasions revealing only subcutaneous tissue @entity4 . The @entity1 recovered within 24 hrs on both episodes. Investigation ruled out @entity1455 and @entity326 due to bacterial etiology. On the first episode, a nasopharyngeal aspirate was positive for @entity683 (H3N2) by both viral immunofluorescence and culture. The presumed diagnosis was @entity137 associated with @entity683 virus. On the second episode, all bacterial and virology cultures remained negative. @entity1457 was suspected, but there was no history of dehydration, @entity548 , or @entity344 (persistent @entity391 or @entity294 ). Noninfectious causes of @entity1457 with @entity4 were ruled out, leading us to believe that she suffered from @entity2478 . CONCLUSIONS: Although well described in the adult literature, there have been few reports of @entity2478 in pediatric @entity1 . @entity2478 should be considered in the differential diagnosis of recurrent @entity1457 without identifiable cause. The only therapeutic intervention is to obtain vascular access when initial manifestations occur and give aggressive fluid reanimation.

title: Systemic XXXX presenting as recurrent shock.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PATIENT', 'patient', 'child', 'girl', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1455 :: ('MESH:D012770', 'Disease') :: ['cardiogenic shock']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxic shock syndrome']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity326 :: ('MESH:D012772', 'Disease') :: ['septic shock']

entities_list: @entity2478 :: ('MESH:D019559', 'Disease') :: ['systemic capillary leak syndrome', 'SCLS']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity1457 :: ('MESH:D012769', 'Disease') :: ['Hypovolemic shock', 'hypovolemic shock']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal losses']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity683 :: ('MESH:D007251', 'Disease') :: ['influenza A', 'influenza']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity9156 :: ('MESH:D005208', 'Disease') :: ['fasciitis']

answer: @entity2478 :: (MESH:D019559,Disease) :: ['capillary leak syndrome']


abstract: The vascular wilt pathogen @entity4278 @entity10327 . lycopersici efficiently invades roots and colonizes vascular tissues of its host @entity523 . For these processes, the F-box protein Frp1 is required. The @entity4278 Deltafrp1 mutant was characterized in detail to uncover the cause of its colonization defect. Using growth assays, we could attribute poor root colonization to reduced assimilation of organic acids, @entity1522 (except @entity1521 ), or polysaccharides, singly or in combination. External root colonization by the Deltafrp1 mutant is restored by the addition of 0.1% @entity413 or @entity1521 but infection still does not occur. This is due to the inability of the Deltafrp1 mutant to penetrate the roots, as demonstrated by the lack of expression of SIX1 in the Deltafrp1 strain, which is a gene exclusively expressed inside roots, and loss of cell wall-degrading enzyme (CWDE) gene expression. Many of the metabolic defects of the Deltafrp1 strain can be attributed to reduced expression of the ICL1 (isocitrate lyase) gene. Strikingly, an Deltaicl1 mutant is still fully pathogenic and capable of external root colonization. We conclude that the inability of the Deltafrp1 strain to colonize and invade roots is not primarily due to metabolic defects but can be attributed to reduced expression of several CWDE genes.

title: Impaired colonization and infection of XXXX roots by the Deltafrp1 mutant of @entity4278 correlates with reduced CWDE gene expression.

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity4278 :: ('5507', 'Species') :: ['Fusarium oxysporum']

entities_list: @entity1521 :: ('CHEBI:26271', 'Chemical') :: ['proline']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity523 :: (4081,Species) :: ['tomato']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity1127 are usually considered to be an innocent finding with little or no potential to progress to @entity14 . However, recent literature suggests that some of these @entity1127 may be morphologically and genetically distinct and lead to microsatellite unstable @entity14 . The purpose of this study was to define the @entity5 risk associated with @entity1412 . METHODS: All @entity1 with @entity1412 diagnosed by a single colorectal surgeon at a university hospital were followed prospectively. The diagnosis of @entity1412 was made by the presence of more than 20 hyperplastic @entity1127 distributed throughout the colon and/or a hyperplastic polyp at least 1 cm in size in diameter in the right colon. @entity1 demographics, family history, size, location, and distribution of @entity1127 and the development of @entity14 were noted. RESULTS: Thirteen @entity1 who met the criteria for @entity1412 were identified and followed prospectively. All of these @entity1 had at least 30 @entity1127 distributed throughout the colon, often > 100. Nine of 13 also had a hyperplastic polyp at least 1 cm in size, usually in the right colon. Of particular note, 7 of 13 @entity1 (54 percent) were diagnosed with @entity14 during the study period. Four had @entity5 on initial diagnosis and three @entity1 developed @entity5 despite frequent colonoscopic surveillance. Five of seven @entity14 were located in the right colon. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with @entity1412 are at high risk for @entity14 . Failure to identify this subset of @entity1 could have dire consequences.

title: @entity1412 and the risk of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity1127 :: ('MESH:D011127', 'Disease') :: ['polyps', 'Hyperplastic polyps']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancers', 'colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity1412 :: ('MESH:D011125', 'Disease') :: ['hyperplastic polyposis']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: The purpose of this follow-up study was to measure the resonance frequency of Astra Tech @entity3759 blasted implants at second surgery, at one and 3 years of loading. Secondly, it was investigated whether resonance frequency at second surgery could discriminate between successful implants and those that will fail over a 3-year period. Fifty @entity6701 -blasted implants in eight consecutive @entity1 with @entity5386 seeking fixed rehabilitations, were included in the study at abutment connection after 6 months of healing. Resonance frequency, clinical and radiographic records were obtained at abutment connection and after one and 3 years of loading. The cumulative survival rate after 3 years was 100%. The mean resonance frequencies were 65 +/- 4.8 implant stability quotient (ISQ) at second surgery (range 50-78 ISQ), 66 +/- 3.4 ISQ after 1 year of loading (range 53-76 ISQ) and 64 +/- 3.8 ISQ after 3 years of loading (range 53-77 ISQ). No significant differences resulted between these three time points. The marginal bone level decrease of 0.6 mm between the second surgery and the 3-year follow-up was observed. One limitation of the study is that no late failures were encountered in this relatively small sample. Consequently, it was not possible to establish a cut-off ISQ for implants that, after abutment connection, would maintain their stability over a 3-year period. Nevertheless, it might be concluded that following the first year of loading the range of 53-76 ISQ describes the stability of osseointegrated Astra Tech @entity3759 blasted implants.

title: Stability values of XXXX -blasted dental implants in @entity5386 : a 3-year pilot study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5386 :: ('MESH:D007575', 'Disease') :: ['edentulous maxillas']

entities_list: @entity6701 :: ('MESH:C009495', 'Chemical') :: ['titanium dioxide']

answer: @entity6701 :: (MESH:C009495,Chemical) :: ['titanium dioxide']


abstract: AIM: The aim of this study is to compare the short-term clinical outcomes between endoscopic submucosal dissection and transanal local excision for @entity5 . METHODS: Between 2007 and 2012, 31 @entity1 with @entity4303 underwent endoscopic submucosal dissection at our hospital. They were compared with a matched cohort of 23 @entity1 who underwent transanal local excision for @entity4303 between 2007 and 2012. Short-term clinical outcomes including surgical parameters, postoperative recovery, and oncologic outcomes were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: The mean size of @entity5 was significantly bigger in the transanal local excision group (0.8        0.2 versus 1.1        0.5  cm; P   =   0.018). En bloc resection was achieved for 30 @entity1 (97  %) in the endoscopic submucosal dissection group and all the @entity1 in the transanal local excision group. The operation time was longer in the transanal local excision than that in the endoscopic submucosal dissection group (40.0        22.7  min versus 12.2        5.3  min; P   <   0.001). Complications in the transanal local excision group were five cases of acute retention of urine. There was no local recurrence or distant metastasis in either group during the follow-up period. CONCLUSION: For the treatment of @entity5 with diameter <1  cm, endoscopic submucosal dissection has better short-term clinical outcomes than transanal local excision in terms of faster recovery and possibly a lower morbidity rate. Transanal local excision may be the first therapeutic choice of scar-embedded @entity5 .

title: Endoscopic submucosal dissection versus transanal local excision for XXXX : a comparative study.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['rectal carcinoid tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity4303 :: ('MESH:D002276', 'Disease') :: ['rectal carcinoid']

answer: @entity4303 :: (MESH:D002276,Disease) :: ['rectal carcinoid']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIM: @entity28 represents a rising threat in southern Europe. It is widely accepted that @entity28 is an important risk factor for the appearance of @entity28 in adulthood. Our aim was to estimate the prevalence of @entity28 in school aged @entity1 living in one of the poorest districts of Europe, as well as to estimate the association between the frequency of @entity28 observed in these @entity1 and their parents. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We examined and calculated the body mass index (BMI) in 107 @entity1 aged 12.2+/-0.78 years. BMI was adjusted for age and sex and it was correlated with @entity1 parents' weight status. RESULTS: Obesity was diagnosed in 16% of the @entity1 . The relationship between @entity1 's and their parents weight status was very strong. In 40% of the @entity28 parents, their @entity1 were found to be @entity28 also (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: In the present study a strong relationship between @entity1 weight status and their parents' weight status was confirmed. Additionally, this correlation was proven at a district with very low house income. Knowing that it is easier to prevent @entity28 , rather than to cure it, our aim should be, when a @entity1 is brought to the doctor, independently of the cause, to assess both the @entity1 as well as its parents' weight status.

title: Childhood and parental XXXX in the poorest district of Greece.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'child']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['childhood obesity', 'Childhood obesity', 'obese', 'obesity']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obesity']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical behavior and outcomes of low- and high-grade @entity6019 (LGESS and HGESS), respectively. METHODS: @entity1 with @entity6019 from five different institutions were identified and reviewed for clinicopathologic variables, surgical management and outcomes. Statistical calculations including Chi-square, t-test and survival using the Kaplan-Meier method with the log rank test were performed. RESULTS: One hundred and five @entity1 were identified with 72 having LGESS, 31 with HGESS and 2 having unclassified @entity5 . The mean age was 50 years for @entity1 with LGESS and 64 years for those with HGESS (p<0.0001). In @entity1 with LGESS, 68% (49 @entity1 ) had disease confined to the uterine corpus or cervix compared to 39% (12 @entity1 ) in HGESS (p=0.002). The median overall survival was 53 months for HGESS and had not yet been reached in LGESS with 87.8% alive at 80 months (p<0.0001). In HGESS @entity1 with extrauterine disease, the presence of @entity66 greater than 2 cm had a significant effect on median survival. Median survival was 52 months for those who underwent optimal cytoreduction versus 2 months for those with suboptimal @entity66 (p=0.007). The impact of cytoreduction was not seen in LGESS @entity1 with extrauterine disease with 82.1% alive at 78 months. CONCLUSIONS: Low-grade and high-grade @entity6019 represent two distinct clinical entities and should be treated as such. Survival in @entity1 with high-grade @entity5 appears to be related to amount of @entity66 at the completion of initial surgery and would suggest the need for aggressive cytoreduction. The role of surgical staging and optimal adjuvant therapy remains unclear.

title: A multi-institutional review of outcomes of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity6019 :: ('MESH:D018203', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial stromal sarcoma', 'endometrial stromal sarcomas']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['residual disease']

answer: @entity6019 :: (MESH:D018203,Disease) :: ['endometrial stromal sarcoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To report the 5 year outcome of @entity6312 surgery and to establish the factors determining recurrence. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective observational study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study reports the outcome in 1326 @entity1 treated in a day surgery centre of an institutional referral centre. @entity1 were investigated clinically and by colour flow duplex scanning before operation. Treatments used included flush ligation of the sapheno-femoral junction (SFJ) and the sapheno-popliteal junction (SPJ). Incompetence of the great saphenous vein (GSV) and small saphenous vein ( @entity12432 ) were managed by stripping of these veins. Perforating vein ligation and hook phlebectomy were also used. @entity1 were evaluated 3 weeks and 5 years following treatment by clinical examination and duplex ultrasonography. RESULTS: 412 @entity1 were excluded from the study because they failed to attend for follow-up or did not wear elastic stockings post-operatively. No residual saphenous truncal reflux was found at the initial assessment 3 weeks following surgery. After 5 years, recurrence of @entity6312 occurred in 332 @entity1 out of 1326 (25 %). Recurrences arose at the sapheno-femoral junction in 109 out of 862 @entity1 (13%), at the sapheno-popliteal junction in 39 out of 132 @entity1 (30%), in both saphenous regions 38 out of 107 @entity1 (36%) and in 146 out of 225 subjects (65 %) with secondary @entity6312 . CONCLUSION: Varicose veins recurred despite technically correct surgery confirmed on post-operative duplex ultrasonography. The likelihood of recurrence increased in the presence of @entity12432 reflux, perforating @entity2994 and @entity1150 .

title: Recurrent XXXX following surgical treatment: our experience with five years follow-up.

entities_list: @entity2994 :: ('MESH:D012170', 'Disease') :: ['vein incompetence']

entities_list: @entity6312 :: ('MESH:D014648', 'Disease') :: ['varicose veins']

entities_list: @entity1150 :: ('MESH:D020246', 'Disease') :: ['post-thrombotic deep vein incompetence']

answer: @entity6312 :: (MESH:D014648,Disease) :: ['varicose veins']


abstract: @entity282 relief and stress hormones were examined during the use of continuous epidural infusion of @entity1286 at a rate of 0.1 mg/hr in 30 @entity1 (Group B) after coronary artery bypass grafting. This was compared to our routine method of postoperative analgesia of intravenous @entity1286 2 mg/2 hr and as needed in another 30 @entity1 (Group A). Continuous epidural @entity1286 infusion required occasional supplementation with intravenous @entity1286 and achieved effective analgesia in 80% of the @entity1 . @entity158 relief was adequate in 50% of the @entity1 in Group A. The mean dose of @entity1286 used in Group B during the first 3 postoperative days was 5 mg per @entity1 per day and was significantly lower than that used in Group A (mean 18 mg per @entity1 per day). Serum @entity1286 was undetectable (below 2.5 ng/ml) in Group B and was significantly lower than that in Group A (17 ng/ml). Epidural analgesia was associated with adequate postoperative @entity65 ; @entity390 and @entity391 occurred in two @entity1 . Levels of postoperative stress, serum @entity701 , and @entity4545 were significantly lower in Group B than in Group A. This study shows that continuous epidural infusion of @entity1286 at a rate of 0.1 mg/hr provides selective and effective @entity158 relief and reduces postoperative stress after cardiac operations. This method of analgesia was also associated with minimal side effects and provides an alternate approach for treatment of @entity158 after cardiac operations.

title: Continuous epidural infusion of XXXX for @entity158 relief after cardiac operations.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative pain']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary and cardiovascular functions']

answer: @entity1286 :: (MESH:D009020,Chemical) :: ['morphine']


abstract: The aim of the present study was to assess the alterations in cardiac @entity141 homeostasis induced by @entity101 using electrically paced right ventricular strips from @entity35 -Kyoto (WKY) and spontaneously @entity101 @entity35 (SHR). 2 Basal contractile force was higher in SHR than in WKY. Similarly, the beta-adrenoceptor agonist @entity3044 (10 nM-10 microM) induced a concentration-dependent positive inotropic effect that was higher in SHR than in WKY, which was in turn inhibited by the beta-adrenoceptor antagonist @entity1169 (1 microM) in both strains. 3 Preincubation of strips with the L-type @entity141 channel blockers, @entity594 (1 microM) or @entity1855 (10 microM), markedly inhibited the @entity3044 response, the inhibition being higher in SHR than in WKY. However, this inhibition was minor by the T-type @entity141 channel blocker @entity946 (10 microM). 4 @entity9898 (10 nM-10 microM), a L-type @entity141 channel activator induced a concentration-dependent positive inotropic effect, that was greater in SHR than WKY. 5 @entity594 and @entity1855 (both 0.1 nM-10 microM) inhibited in a concentration-dependent way the inotropic effect induced by 0.3 microM @entity3044 or 1 microM @entity9898 . The inhibition was higher in SHR than in WKY. @entity946 (0.1 nM-10 microM) only clearly inhibited the @entity3044 and @entity9898 inotropic effects at 10 microM in both strains. 6 The inhibitor of the sarcoplasmic reticulum @entity141 release, @entity8452 (10 nM-10 microM), was a more effective depressor of @entity3044 -induced response in SHR than in WKY. 7 These results suggest that cardiac @entity141 homeostasis in SHR ventricular strips is altered compared with those of WKY, showing an increased @entity141 entry through L-type @entity141 channels and release from sarcoplasmic reticulum; the participation of T-type @entity141 channels are irrelevant in this tissue.

title: Changes of cardiac calcium homeostasis in spontaneously @entity101 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1169 :: ('MESH:D011433', 'Chemical') :: ['propranolol']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity1855 :: ('MESH:D014700', 'Chemical') :: ['verapamil']

entities_list: @entity8452 :: ('MESH:D012433', 'Chemical') :: ['ryanodine']

entities_list: @entity946 :: ('MESH:D020748', 'Chemical') :: ['mibefradil', 'Mibefradil']

entities_list: @entity3044 :: ('MESH:D007545', 'Chemical') :: ['isoprenaline']

entities_list: @entity594 :: ('MESH:D009543', 'Chemical') :: ['nifedipine', 'Nifedipine']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']