abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between the expression profiles of 84 extracellular matrix (ECM) genes and the prognosis of @entity1 with @entity14 ( @entity14 ). METHODS: This retrospective study included 114 @entity1 with stage I-IV @entity14 who underwent primary @entity5 resection. Quantitative real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry assays were conducted using primary @entity5 samples. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were also generated to identify differences in @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) and @entity66 ( @entity66 ) for the hypo- or hyperexpression status of each marker. The log-rank test was used to verify whether the differences were significant. Stepwise Cox regression models were also used to identify the risk factors associated with @entity1349 and @entity66 in a multivariate mode, and then were used to score the risk of @entity204 associated with each marker, either independently or in association. RESULTS: In the univariate analyses, significant differences in @entity1349 in relation to the expression profiles of @entity9615 (p = 0.001), @entity9616 (p = 0.002), @entity9617 (p = 0.001), @entity9618 (p = 0.036), @entity1495 (p = 0.034), and @entity3374 (p = 0.038) were observed. For @entity66 , significant differences were observed in associated with @entity9615 (p = 0.004) and @entity9616 (p = 0.001). However, only the @entity9615 and @entity9617 gene markers for @entity1349 (hazard ratio (HR) = 3.209, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.412-7.293, p = 0.005 and HR = 3.105, 95% CI = 1.367-7.055, p = 0.007, respectively), and @entity9616 for @entity66 (HR = 3.806, 95% CI = 1.573-9.209, p = 0.003), remained in the final Cox regression models. A scoring system was developed to evaluate the risk of @entity1 @entity204 based on the number of markers for the components of the final @entity1349 model. Scores of 0, 1, or 2 were associated with the following mean survival rates [CI]: 47.162 [44.613-49.711], 39.717 [35.471-43.964], 30.197 [24.030-36.327], respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Multivariate mathematical models demonstrated an association between hyperexpression of the @entity9615 and @entity9617 integrins and @entity1349 , and also between the @entity9616 integrin and @entity66 , in @entity1 with @entity14 . A risk scoring system based on detected hyperexpression of 0, 1, or 2 markers (e.g., @entity9615 and/or @entity9617 ) was also found to accurately correlate with the @entity1349 curves generated for the present cohort.

title: Genetic and Immunohistochemical Expression of Integrins @entity9615 , XXXX , and @entity9616 As Prognostic Factor for @entity14 : Models for Global and Disease-Free Survival.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['DFS', 'disease-free survival']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['CRC', 'colorectal tumours', 'colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['global survival', 'GS']

answer: @entity9617 :: (3655,Gene) :: ['ITGA6']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In the new pathologic classification of @entity2220 proposed by IASLC/ATS/ERS in 2011, @entity420 are constituted by three subtypes; @entity15709 ( @entity15709 ), minimally invasive @entity420 ( @entity420 ). Although these subtypes are speculated to show sequential progression from preinvasive lesion to invasive @entity2 , changes of protein expressions during these processes have not been fully studied yet. This study aims to glimpse a proteomic view of the early @entity2220 . METHODS: A total of nine @entity406 -fixed and @entity982 -embedded (FFPE) @entity2220 tissues were selected from our archives, three tissues each in @entity15709 , MIA and @entity420 . The @entity5 and peripheral non- @entity5 cells in these FFPE tissues were collected with laser microdissection (LMD). Using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS), protein compositions were compared with respect to the peptide separation profiles among @entity5 collected from three types of tissues, @entity15709 , MIA and @entity420 . Proteins identified were semi-quantified by spectral counting-based or identification-based protein-based approach, and statistical evaluation was performed by pairwise G-tests. RESULTS: A total of 840 proteins were identified. Spectral counting-based semi-quantitative comparisons of all identified proteins through @entity15709 to @entity420 have revealed that the protein expression profile of @entity420 was significantly differentiated from other subtypes. 70 proteins including HPX, @entity5263 , @entity5962 , @entity470 , @entity2355 were found as @entity420 -type marker candidates, 15 protein candidates for MIA-type marker included @entity19958 , @entity19959 , and NPEP, and 26 protein candidates for @entity15709 -type marker included @entity19960 and @entity4723 . The STRING gene set enrichment resulted from the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis suggested that @entity15709 was rather associated with pathways of focal adhesion, adherens junction, tight junction, that MIA had a strong association predominantly with pathways of proteoglycans in @entity5 and with PI3K-Akt. In contrast, @entity420 was associated broadly with numerous @entity5 -progression pathways including @entity470 , Ras, @entity9704 and @entity7738 signalings. CONCLUSIONS: The proteomic profiles obtained in this study demonstrated the technical feasibility to elucidate protein candidates differentially expressed in FFPE tissues of @entity420 . Our results may provide candidates of disease-oriented proteins which may be related to mechanisms of the early-stage progression of @entity2220 .

title: A proteomic profiling of laser-microdissected XXXX cells of early lepidic-types.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity406 :: ('MESH:D005557', 'Chemical') :: ['formalin']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['LPIA', 'adenocarcinoma (MIA) and lepidic predominant invasive adenocarcinoma', 'lepidic type adenocarcinomas']

entities_list: @entity982 :: ('MESH:D010232', 'Chemical') :: ['paraffin']

entities_list: @entity15709 :: ('MESH:D065311', 'Disease') :: ['AIS', 'adenocarcinoma in situ']

entities_list: @entity2220 :: ('MESH:C538231', 'Disease') :: ['lung adenocarcinoma', 'lepidic type lung adenocarcinomas', 'lepidic type lung adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity2220 :: (MESH:C538231,Disease) :: ['lung adenocarcinoma']


abstract: This study was undertaken to define whether differences in the expression of Wnt pathway components are present between normal colonic mucosa, early (tubular) @entity652 and @entity5493 which have a higher malignant potential. Normal mucosa, tubular @entity652 and @entity5493 were obtained from twelve @entity1 . RNA was isolated and utilized for Wnt pathway-specific membrane array expression analysis. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and fluorescent immunohistochemistry (IHC) were utilized for confirmatory analyses. Fifteen Wnt pathway-related genes showed differential expression between villous @entity652 at a significance level of p<0.01. Genes involved in canonical Wnt ( @entity3546 ) signaling with increased expression in @entity5493 included @entity18142 , @entity13032 , @entity23357 , @entity23358 , @entity23359 , @entity13041 and @entity517 , the latter confirmed by qRT-PCR and IHC. @entity517 protein expression was confined primarily to stromal components of @entity5493 . Genes involved in non-canonical Wnt signaling with increased expression in @entity5493 included rho-u, @entity21837 , damm2, @entity23360 and @entity13058 . Successive increases in the expression of @entity3546 ( @entity3546 ) from normal to tubular @entity652 to @entity5493 was seen. The Wnt pathway gene expression profile can differentiate between tubular and @entity5493 . These data suggest that Wnt signaling regulation changes during the progression from normal mucosa to tubular @entity652 to @entity5493 . Expression of @entity517 in @entity652 suggests a dynamic signaling network within @entity652 between mucosal and stromal elements. Inhibition of the Wnt pathway may provide a novel approach for @entity5 prevention in @entity1 with benign tubular @entity652 .

title: Differentiation of tubular and XXXX based on Wnt pathway-related gene expression profiles.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5493 :: ('MESH:D018253', 'Disease') :: ['villous adenomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['adenomas and normal mucosa and villous and tubular adenomas', 'adenomas', 'adenoma stroma']

answer: @entity5493 :: (MESH:D018253,Disease) :: ['villous adenomas']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1211 ( @entity1211 ) prophylaxis regimens for laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGBP) have not been adequately addressed in the literature. This study presents the results of our prophylactic regimen in LRYGBP at a tertiary care hospital. METHODS: A retrospective review of 255 morbidly @entity28 @entity1 undergoing LRYGBP between March 2000 and February 2003 was conducted. @entity1 received preoperative subcutaneous heparin (SQH) (5000u or 7500u) and every 8 hours thereafter during hospitalization. @entity2850 ( @entity2850 ) were utilized during and after surgery unless ambulating. Early ambulation was enforced. RESULTS: 255 @entity1 underwent LRYGBP, with 5 (1.9%) converted to open. Average preoperative weight and body mass index (BMI) were 138 kg and 50, respectively. Operative time averaged 174 minutes. Average length of stay was 2.2 days. 9 @entity1 (3.6%) had a prior history of @entity1150 ( @entity1150 ), one of whom had a @entity1150 postoperatively. 2 @entity1 developed @entity1150 within 30 days. Overall @entity1150 incidence was 1.2%. There were 6 postoperative @entity548 episodes (2.4%). CONCLUSION: This regimen provides excellent prophylaxis against @entity1211 in the hospital setting.

title: An approach to XXXX prophylaxis in laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity2850 :: ('MESH:D009408', 'Disease') :: ['SCD', 'Sequential compression devices']

entities_list: @entity1150 :: ('MESH:D020246', 'Disease') :: ['DVT/PE', 'deep venous thrombosis/pulmonary embolism']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['Venous thromboembolism', 'VTE']

answer: @entity1211 :: (MESH:D054556,Disease) :: ['venous thromboembolism']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Endoscopy has been regarded as an effective modality for draining pancreatic collections, @entity9007 , and abscesses. This study analyzes our experience with endoscopic transmural drainage of @entity9007 and compares the outcomes in @entity1 with postsurgical and @entity788 -associated ones. METHODS: @entity1 who underwent endoscopic drainage of a @entity9007 from January 1999 through June 2008 were included in this retrospective analysis. The specific indication for attempting the procedure was the presence of direct contact between the pseudocyst and the gastric wall. All the drainages were carried out via a transgastric approach, and one or two straight plastic stents (10 or 11.5 French) were positioned. A comparative analysis of short- and long-term results was made between @entity1 with @entity86 (group A) and @entity1 with @entity788 -associated @entity9007 (group B). RESULTS: Fifty-five @entity1 were included in the study, 25 in group A and 30 in group B. Overall, a single stent was inserted in 84.0% of @entity1 , while two stents were needed in the remaining 16.0%. The technical success rate was 78.2%, whereas procedure-related complications were 16.4%. Complications included @entity548 and were managed mainly by surgery. Mortality rate was 1.8% (1 @entity1 ). There were no significant differences in the technical success rate and procedure-related complications between the two groups (p=0.532 and 0.159, respectively) Recurrences were 13.9% and significantly more common in group B (p=0.021). In such cases, a second endoscopic drainage was successfully performed. CONCLUSION: Transmural endoscopic treatment of @entity9007 is feasible and has a technical success rate of 78.2%, without differences related to the pseudocyst etiology. Recurrences, on the other hand, are more common in @entity1 with @entity788 . Given the severe complications that may occur after the procedure, we recommend that endoscopic drainage be performed in a tertiary-care center with specific expertise in pancreatic surgery.

title: Endoscopic transmural drainage of @entity9007 associated with pancreatic resections or XXXX : a comparative study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['pseudocyst superinfection and major bleeding']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative pseudocysts']

entities_list: @entity9007 :: ('MESH:D010192', 'Disease') :: ['pseudocysts', 'pancreatic pseudocyst', 'pancreatic pseudocysts']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity30 is a chronic inflammatory disease of the bowel, that may affects the urinary system. Although @entity292 formation has been reported in up to 35% @entity1 suffering from @entity30 , @entity9132 affect only 2 to 8% @entity1 . @entity1 AND METHODS: Authors have done a retrospective study with the aim to investigate the incidence of enterovesical @entity292 in @entity1 admitted due to @entity30 to the IInd Department of Surgery of the Comenius University Medical School and Department of Surgery of University Hospital Nitra during 10 years long period. RESULTS: The overall incidence of enterovesical @entity292 in our clinical material was 6.83%. All patiens underwent elective surgery. There were no serious @entity260 . A two stage approach was necessary due to severe @entity32 in one @entity1 . Severity of @entity32 decreased later on, after treatment with anti TNF *, which allowed subsequent elective surgery. CONCLUSION: Authors consider elective surgery as a treatment of choice in the managenet of enterovesical @entity292 in @entity30 . Surgery is effective and safe (Fig. 2, Ref. 3). Full Text (Free, @entity14305 ) www.bmj.sk.

title: @entity292 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complication']

entities_list: @entity292 :: ('MESH:D005402', 'Disease') :: ['fistula', 'fistulas']

entities_list: @entity9132 :: ('MESH:D014548', 'Disease') :: ['urinary fistulas']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ["Crohn's disease"]

answer: @entity30 :: (MESH:D003424,Disease) :: ['Crohn's disease']


abstract: Marteilioides chungmuensis is an ovarian parasite that causes nodule-like structures to appear on the gonads of female @entity6796 , @entity6796 . It is known that the prevalence of @entity281 increases in summer and decreases from autumn to spring. To investigate the decrease in prevalence of @entity281 and pathogenicity of the parasite, a biopsy method was developed to detect infected oysters, which were then monitored to calculate the mortality rate. Mortality of infected oysters was recorded monthly and changes in reproductive development observed histologically. Compared with control groups, a significant difference in mortality was observed in infected oysters in September and October. Histological observations showed that infected oysters produced oocytes continuously, even in autumn when healthy oysters were reproductively inactive. This prolonged spawning activity of infected oysters resulted in nutritional wasting and mortality. From December onwards, however, almost all infected oysters survived, though the @entity281 persisted. Infection intensity decreased gradually from December. Histological observations revealed that, in winter, infected oysters released infected and uninfected oocytes through the genital canal. The gonad subsequently degenerated and was replaced with connective tissue, as in normal, healthy spent oysters. The results revealed that prevalence of @entity281 decreased from September to May. It is hypothesised that the decline in prevalence within the epizootic area in autumn occurred because infected oysters died and that the winter decrease was due to recovery from @entity281 .

title: Pathogenicity of the protozoan parasite Marteilioides chungmuensis in the @entity6796 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity6796 :: ('29159', 'Species') :: ['Pacific oysters', 'Crassostrea gigas']

answer: @entity6796 :: (29159,Species) :: ['Crassostrea gigas']


abstract: Systemic administration of @entity3390 , an @entity143 -receptor antagonist, impairs reversal learning in weanling @entity35 [Chadman, K.K., Watson, D.J., _ Stanton, M.E. (2006). @entity143 -receptor antagonism impairs reversal learning in developing @entity35 . Behavioral Neuroscience, 120(5), 1071-1083]. The brain systems responsible for this effect are not known in either adult or young animals. This study tested the hypothesis that hippocampal @entity143 receptors are engaged in weanling-age @entity35 during spatial discrimination reversal training in a T-maze. In Experiment 1, 26-day-old Long-Evans @entity35 (P26) showed a dose-related impairment on this task following bilateral intrahippocampal administration of either 2.5 or 5.0microg @entity3390 or saline vehicle during the reversal training phase only. In Experiment 2, P26 @entity35 were trained on the same task, but received intrahippocampal @entity3390 (2.5microg) during acquisition, reversal, both, or neither. @entity3390 failed to impair acquisition, ruling out nonspecific "performance effects" of the drug. @entity3390 impaired reversal irrespective of drug treatment during acquisition. @entity143 -receptor antagonism in the hippocampus is sufficient to account for the previously reported effects of systemic @entity3390 on reversal of T-maze position discrimination.

title: Intrahippocampal administration of an XXXX -receptor antagonist impairs spatial discrimination reversal learning in weanling @entity35 .

answer: @entity143 :: (CHEBI:6121,Chemical) :: ['NMDA']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To introduce the frequency and segment analysis of in-stent @entity850 for intracranial stent assisted endovascular treatment on complex @entity439 . METHODS: A retrospective study was performed in 158 @entity1 who had @entity438 and were treated by endovascular stent application with or without coil embolization. Of these, 102 @entity1 were evaluated with catheter based angiography after 6, 12, and 18 months. @entity439 location, using stent, time to @entity850 , @entity850 rate and narrowing segment were analyzed. RESULTS: Among follow-up cerebral angiography done in 102 @entity1 , 8 @entity1 (7.8%) were shown an in-stent @entity850 . Two @entity1 have unruptured @entity439 and six @entity1 have ruptured one. Number of Neuroform stents were 7 cases (7.5%) and Enterprise stent in 1 case (11.1%). Six @entity1 demonstrated in-stent @entity850 at 6 months after stent application and remaining two @entity1 were shown at 12 months, 18 months, respectively. CONCLUSION: In-stent @entity850 can be confronted after intracranial stent deployment. In our study, no @entity1 showed symptomatic @entity850 and there were no @entity1 who required to further treatment except continuing antiplatets medication. In-stent @entity850 has been known to be very few when they are placed into the non-pathologic parent artery during the complex @entity439 treatment, but the authors found that it was apt to happen on follow up angiography. Although the related symptom was not seen in our cases, the luminal narrowing at the stented area may result the untoward hemodynamic event in the specific condition.

title: In-stent @entity850 of stent assisted endovascular treatment on XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms', 'Aneurysm', 'aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial complex aneurysms']

answer: @entity438 :: (MESH:D002532,Disease) :: ['intracranial complex aneurysms']


abstract: Use of antibiotics in @entity166 is frequent. But such a use is not always based on antibiograms and is often not justified. One of the serious consequences of it against public health is the selection of multiresistant strains. So, the authors carried out some researches to determine the profiles of resistance against antibiotics of the strains of @entity794 which is a pathogen frequent in Togo. Sensitivity of the strains was studied in vitro by diffusion method with gelose. The results show that out of 29 antibiotics tested, the 7 most efficient are: @entity1215 (91.5 p.c.), @entity12894 (91 p.c.), @entity801 (85.64 p.c.), @entity8911 (85.8 p.c.), @entity12895 (85.71 p.c.). On the contrary, these strains are resistant against @entity803 (96.02 p.c.), @entity3273 (93.39 p.c.) and @entity3403 (92.39 p.c.). consequently, selective pressure of these three antibiotics is very high at Lome. Restriction or temporary suppression of their use commands attention in view of preventing the spread of such resistances.

title: [Antibiotic sensitivity of strains of XXXX isolated in Lome].

entities_list: @entity801 :: ('MESH:D005839', 'Chemical') :: ['gentamicin']

entities_list: @entity12895 :: ('MESH:C023808', 'Chemical') :: ['rifamycin']

entities_list: @entity3273 :: ('MESH:D003091', 'Chemical') :: ['colistin']

entities_list: @entity8911 :: ('MESH:D003982', 'Chemical') :: ['dibekacin']

entities_list: @entity3403 :: ('MESH:D004318', 'Chemical') :: ['doxycycline']

entities_list: @entity1215 :: ('MESH:D012293', 'Chemical') :: ['rifampicin']

entities_list: @entity803 :: ('MESH:D013752', 'Chemical') :: ['tetracycline']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['infectious diseases']

entities_list: @entity12894 :: ('MESH:D012853', 'Chemical') :: ['sisomicin']

answer: @entity794 :: (1280,Species) :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To clarify the interaction of tissue destruction and repair of articular cartilage during @entity32 , the effects of @entity3426 ( @entity3426 ) on the expression of @entity2135 ( @entity2135 ), its receptor, and its binding proteins were examined. METHODS: Articular chondrocytes from five week @entity35 were cultured in serum free medium treated with @entity3426 (1-100 U/ml) for 24 hours. The concentration of @entity2135 in the conditioned medium was measured by RIA, and IGFBP were analysed by immunoligand blotting method. @entity2135 receptors were also examined by [125I] @entity2135 binding study. RESULTS: @entity3426 induced the secretion of @entity2135 and IGF-binding protein in chondrocytes; this was not inhibited by @entity3352 (5 micrograms/ml). @entity3426 also increased the number of @entity2135 receptors but had no effect on receptor affinity. @entity3426 inhibited chondrocyte proliferation, while exogenous @entity2135 and growth hormone stimulated chondrocyte cell growth. @entity3426 did not change @entity2135 mRNA levels. CONCLUSION: @entity3426 up-regulated the @entity2135 autocrine/paracrine @entity2270 in cultured articular chondrocytes. These observations provide insight into the critical role played by @entity3426 in tissue destruction and repair, and into the direct interaction between cytokines and growth factors associated with inflammatory @entity2720 .

title: Effects of @entity3426 on insulin-like growth factor-I autocrine/paracrine @entity2270 in cultured XXXX articular chondrocytes.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity2135 :: ('24482(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['IGF-1', 'insulin-like growth factor I', 'IGF-I']

entities_list: @entity2720 :: ('MESH:D007592', 'Disease') :: ['arthropathy']

entities_list: @entity3352 :: ('MESH:D007213', 'Chemical') :: ['indomethacin']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: The optically evoked blink reflex (BR) was recorded in 30 @entity1 (20 females, 10 males) with primary acute @entity7995 ( @entity7995 ) unassociated with other @entity9555 . The reflex was studied in the acute stage between the 1st and 6th day after onset, during the 1st month following the acute stage once a week, and then 2 and 6 months later. In @entity1 in whom a relapse occurred, the programme was restarted from the beginning. Control values were taken from prior investigations in 50 healthy subjects. In the acute stage differences in the amplitudes were present in 26 @entity1 , but the latencies remained within normal limits. Six @entity1 (20%) developed @entity15 during the 5-year follow-up until December 1985. In these cases the optic BR showed increased latencies and decreased amplitudes. In @entity1 without manifestation of @entity15 the BR remained normal. In 7 @entity1 cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was done. All @entity1 with some @entity227 also had an abnormal MRI. The pattern-shift visual evoked potentials were abnormal in the acute stage of @entity7995 in 90%, and @entity854 were found in 56.6%. In 4 @entity1 (13%) the visual BR could not be evoked at all.

title: XXXX reflex in @entity7995 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['abnormalities in the visual BR']

entities_list: @entity9555 :: ('MESH:D001928', 'Disease') :: ['CNS disorders']

entities_list: @entity7995 :: ('MESH:D009902', 'Disease') :: ['optic neuritis', 'ON']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['CSF abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['multiple sclerosis']

answer: @entity227 :: (MESH:D014786,Disease) :: ['Visual evoked blink']


abstract: @entity2724 is a disorder of @entity1 and adolescence, but until recently it was often not identified until adulthood, with a reported time from onset to diagnosis of about a decade. This disorder affects approximately 0.05% of the population and starts in childhood and adolescence about half of the time. With @entity2724 , the boundaries between wake, sleep, and dreams are blurred. The cardinal features of @entity2724 are daytime somnolence, @entity2725 (sometimes occurring long after onset of @entity25 ), @entity2726 , and hypnagogic @entity1833 . @entity1017 , disturbed nocturnal sleep, and social/school functional changes are common; reactive substance use to maintain wakefulness during the day may also be seen. Males and females are equally affected. It is classically associated with HLA DQB1*0602, the most specific genetic marker for @entity2724 across all ethnic groups. CSF hypocretin has recently been found to be depleted in this disorder, and late-breaking data support that the disease is caused by autoimmune destruction of hypocretin-producing neurons in the hypothalamus. There is no known cure for @entity2724 . Therapies include behavioral/ scheduling modification, medications to combat @entity25 and @entity2725 , and @entity74 leading to @entity25 . The differential diagnosis for this disorder should include other @entity25 with a proclivity toward onset in adolescence, such as delayed @entity25 , @entity27 , and insufficient sleep time; substance use; and less commonly @entity16 such as Klein Levin syndrome, @entity6038 , and others. Immunomodulator therapy and @entity18206 replacement are proposed therapies that hold promise for the future.

title: XXXX in adolescents.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity2725 :: ('MESH:D002385', 'Disease') :: ['cataplexy']

entities_list: @entity2726 :: ('MESH:D020188', 'Disease') :: ['sleep paralysis']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurologic disorders']

entities_list: @entity27 :: ('MESH:D020181', 'Disease') :: ['obstructive sleep apnea']

entities_list: @entity2724 :: ('MESH:D009290', 'Disease') :: ['narcolepsy', 'narcolepsy-cataplexy', 'Narcolepsy']

entities_list: @entity1833 :: ('MESH:D006212', 'Disease') :: ['hallucinations']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['Weight gain']

entities_list: @entity18206 :: ('MESH:C110857', 'Chemical') :: ['hypocretin']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['treatment of concomitant disorders']

entities_list: @entity6038 :: ('MESH:D011218', 'Disease') :: ['Prader-Willi syndrome']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['sleepiness', 'sleep phase syndrome', 'daytime sleepiness', 'disorders of excessive daytime sleepiness']

answer: @entity2724 :: (MESH:D009290,Disease) :: ['Narcolepsy']


abstract: @entity6985 gained Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval for treatment of @entity1 with relapsed or refractory @entity1582 ( @entity1582 ) in combination with @entity619 in June 2006. In April 2005, the FDA and @entity1 advocacy groups requested an expanded access programme to both provide @entity6985 to @entity1 likely to benefit and obtain additional safety information. Relapsed/refractory @entity1582 @entity1 received @entity6985 25 mg/d (days 1-21) and @entity619 40 mg/d (days 1-4, 9-12, and 17-20 of cycles 1-4; days 1-4 only from cycle 5 onwards), in 4-week cycles until disease progression, study drug discontinuation, or @entity6985 approval. Of the 1438 @entity1 enrolled, approximately 60% were male, median age was 64 years, and 61.7% had @entity5 . Median time on study was 15.4 weeks (range: 0.1-49.1) and median dose was 25 mg. The most common adverse events (AEs) were haematological (49%), gastrointestinal (59%), and @entity1295 (55%). The most common grade > or =3 AEs were haematological (45%), @entity1295 (10%), and @entity55 (7%). The most common serious AEs were @entity55 (8%), @entity221 (4%), and @entity1150 (3%). Primary cause of @entity204 was disease progression (10%). Safety data confirmed known AEs of @entity6985 plus @entity619 therapy in @entity1 with relapsed/refractory @entity1582 .

title: Expanded safety experience with XXXX plus @entity619 in relapsed or refractory @entity1582 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Durie-Salmon stage III disease']

entities_list: @entity1582 :: ('MESH:D009101', 'Disease') :: ['multiple myeloma', 'MM']

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['dexamethasone']

entities_list: @entity1150 :: ('MESH:D020246', 'Disease') :: ['deep-vein thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity6985 :: ('MESH:C467567', 'Chemical') :: ['Lenalidomide', 'lenalidomide']

answer: @entity6985 :: (MESH:C467567,Chemical) :: ['lenalidomide']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Up to 80 % of @entity1 @entity5 , in particular solid @entity5 , contain cells with abnormal chromosomal numbers, or @entity2007 , which is often linked with marked @entity1344 . Whereas in some @entity5 the @entity2007 occurs by missegregation of one or a few chromosomes, @entity2007 can also arise by proliferation of inherently unstable tetraploid cells generated by whole genome doubling from diploid cells. Recent findings from @entity5 genome sequencing projects suggest that nearly 40 % of @entity5 underwent whole genome doubling at some point of tumorigenesis, yet its contribution to @entity5 phenotypes and benefits for malignant growth remain unclear. Here, we investigated the consequences of a whole genome doubling in both cancerous and non-transformed @entity876 positive @entity1 cells. SNP array analysis and multicolor karyotyping revealed that induced whole-genome doubling led to variable @entity2007 . We found that @entity1344 ( @entity1344 ) is a frequent, but not a default outcome of whole genome doubling. The @entity1344 phenotypes were accompanied by increased tolerance to @entity2246 that was mediated by suppression of the @entity876 signaling. Additionally, the expression of pro-apoptotic factors, such as @entity6077 and @entity1837 , was downregulated. Furthermore, we found that whole genome doubling promotes marked resistance to a broad spectrum of chemotherapeutic drugs and stimulates anchorage-independent growth even in non-transformed @entity876 -positive @entity1 cells. Taken together, whole genome doubling provides multifaceted benefits for malignant growth. Our findings provide new insight why genome-doubling promotes tumorigenesis and correlates with poor survival in @entity5 .

title: XXXX , tolerance of @entity2246 and multidrug resistance are promoted by tetraploidization in @entity1 cells.

entities_list: @entity2007 :: ('MESH:D000782', 'Disease') :: ['aneuploidy']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancers', 'cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1344 :: ('MESH:D043171', 'Disease') :: ['chromosomal instability', 'CIN']

entities_list: @entity2246 :: ('MESH:D008661', 'Disease') :: ['mitotic errors']

answer: @entity1344 :: (MESH:D043171,Disease) :: ['Chromosomal instability']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Preventing postoperative recurrence after ileocolonic resection (ICR) for @entity30 ( @entity30 ) is challenging. Defining the disturbances of the microbial composition and community structure after ICR and their link with early disease recurrence is crucial. DESIGN: Microbiota composition (fingerprinting and 16S rDNA sequencing) and community structure (correlation networks of bacterial species) were assessed from ileal mucosa sampled in 20 @entity1 undergoing ICR and 6   months later during endoscopy from above (neoterminal ileum) and below (subanastomotic colon) the surgical @entity254 . RESULTS: ICR had a dramatic effect on gut microbial ecosystem. At surgery, @entity30 mucosa harboured a dysbiotic microbiota with high proportions of a/b Proteobacteria and Bacilli. Six months later, half of the @entity1 had recurrent lesions at ileocolonoscopy and presented higher numbers of Lachnospiraceae. Recurrence of @entity75 was associated with enrichment in Enterococcus durans while @entity1 in remission had increased proportions of Dorea longicatena and Bacteroides plebeius. Structural differences were striking between recurrence and remission microbiota; while the microbiota of @entity1 with @entity30 recurrence exhibited a loose community structure, the microbiota of @entity1 in remission displayed communities that were robustly correlated to each other. Microbiota colonising the neoterminal ileum and subanastomotic colon 6   months after ICR only differed in @entity1 with recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: ICR modifies the gut microbiome. Remission after 6   months was associated with homogenous bacterial distribution around the @entity254 . Community structure and bacterial networks highlight target species, including Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Ruminococcus gnavus, which may allow precise modulations of the overall microbial ecosystem towards remission pattern.

title: Structural robustness of the gut mucosal microbiota is associated with XXXX remission after surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ['CD', "Crohn's disease"]

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['endoscopic lesions']

answer: @entity30 :: (MESH:D003424,Disease) :: ['Crohn's disease']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity385 secondary to @entity3468 or @entity887 is an exceptional finding. We present a case of multiple systemic @entity887 and @entity385 resulting from @entity3665 in an immunocompetent @entity1 . @entity1 : A 65-year-old male with @entity101 , hyperglycaemia and @entity583 with aorto-coronary by-pass surgery three years before admission, that suffered @entity385 in middle right cerebral artery territory and right cubital @entity1416 . One month later he presented abrupt increase of his @entity1002 and left central @entity3541 associated with @entity221 of unknown origin. Laboratory test, cranial CT and echocardiogram were performed. He died ten days later. RESULTS: Hemogram: leucocytes 34.700/microL (85% N, 4.8%L). Cranial CT: @entity385 in middle right cerebral artery territory. Transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiogram: moderate @entity4346 and slight inferior hypokinesis. Arteriography: complete @entity715 of the left internal carotid. Necropsy: parietal aortic @entity2381 with generalized @entity887 (brain, kidney, liver, fingers), @entity385 in middle right cerebral artery territory and @entity715 of the left carotid siphon with @entity3468 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity2381 is an exceptional cause of @entity385 , especially in immunocompetent @entity1 , and their diagnosis is complicated, being usually found at necropsy.

title: Stroke due to @entity887 resulting from XXXX in an immunocompetent @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'patients', 'PATIENT']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity3665 :: ('MESH:D001025', 'Disease') :: ['Aspergillus aortitis']

entities_list: @entity1416 :: ('MESH:D020762', 'Disease') :: ['artery embolism']

entities_list: @entity3468 :: ('MESH:D001167', 'Disease') :: ['Aspergillus arteritis']

entities_list: @entity2381 :: ('MESH:D001228', 'Disease') :: ['Aspergillosis', 'aspergillosis']

entities_list: @entity887 :: ('MESH:D004617', 'Disease') :: ['septic embolisms', 'septic embolism', 'embolism']

entities_list: @entity4346 :: ('MESH:D017379', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity3541 :: ('MESH:D005158', 'Disease') :: ['facial palsy']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['left hemiparesia']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['Cerebral infarction', 'cerebral infarction']

answer: @entity3665 :: (MESH:D001025,Disease) :: ['Aspergillus aortitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Joint preservation is usually attempted in cases of @entity3478 , though insufficient @entity5 resection may prevent fixation of conventional joint sparing prosthesis. To preserve the hip joint in skeletally immature @entity1 , we have combined autologous proximal femoral irradiation and intercalary re-implantation with custom made distal femoral replacements. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective cohort study of four @entity1 (aged 4-12 years); in whom irradiated autologous bone was combined with an extendable distal femoral endoprostheses was performed. There were three cases of @entity421 and one case of @entity2828 . RESULTS: At a mean follow-up of 70.5 months (range 26-185 months), all four @entity1 were alive without evidence of local recurrence. There was no evidence of @entity3 in three @entity1 while one @entity1 showed chest @entity3 at presentation. In all cases, the irradiated segment of bone united with the proximal femur and demonstrated bone ongrowth at the prosthetic collar. There were no cases of loosening or peri-prosthetic fracture. One implant was revised after 14 years following fracture of the extending component of the endoprosthesis. CONCLUSIONS: We report encouraging results utilizing irradiated autologous proximal femoral bone combined with distal femoral replacement in skeletally immature @entity1 .

title: Use of irradiated autologous bone in joint XXXX surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2828 :: ('MESH:D012512', 'Disease') :: ["Ewing's sarcoma"]

entities_list: @entity3478 :: ('MESH:D001859', 'Disease') :: ['bone tumors']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['bone following tumour']

entities_list: @entity421 :: ('MESH:D012516', 'Disease') :: ['osteosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic disease']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['sparing endoprosthetic femoral replacement tumor']


abstract: Four infectious agents were isolated from the ticks Ixodes ricinus (L.) collected in the recreational area and park-forest of Prague. On the basis of cultivation, staining, biochemical, serologic properties, pathogenicity for animals and histological tests they were identified as @entity5092 with the following features: they are short, gram-negative rods of approximate dimensions of 0.3 X 0.8 micron, growing in enriched media after 3-4 day incubation at 37 degrees C. They form small circular, at first transparent, later greyish turbid colonies with regular rims. They are little active biochemically. They are susceptible to @entity3639 and some broad spectrum antibiotics. They react positively with tularemic serum, but in lower titres than those in which this serum reacts with standard antigen. The microbes are highly pathogenic for @entity19 , @entity840 , young @entity35 , in which a massive bacteriemia occurs before @entity204 , but they do not kill @entity95 . They multiply well in @entity1573 embryo, but do not grow in cell or tissue cultures. The most important histologic changes were observed in liver and spleen of @entity19 . No pathologic changes were found in brain, lungs, heart, kidneys. Necroses were found in liver and in their marginal zones the microbes were present. Conspicuous were changes in numerous hepatocytes which became enlarged due to microbial multiplication and finally transformed into "sacs" packed with microbes. Histological and electronoptical examination showed that these are intracellular parasites fringed with a light lytic zone. Discussed is the problem to what extent the properties of the isolated strains are typical of @entity5092 as well as the importance of their detection from the aspect of epidemiology and differential diagnostics.

title: Some diagnostic, biologic and morphologic characteristics of XXXX strains isolated from the ticks Ixodes ricinus (L.) in the Prague agglomeration.

entities_list: @entity5092 :: ('263', 'Species') :: ['Francisella tularensis', 'F. tularensis']

entities_list: @entity3639 :: ('MESH:D013307', 'Chemical') :: ['streptomycin']

answer: @entity5092 :: (263,Species) :: ['Francisella tularensis']


abstract: Although histopathological diagnosis of spinal @entity602 is important for postoperative treatment planning and prognosis, there is a lack of reliable immunohistochemical markers. The purpose of our study was to assess the expression pattern of @entity538 -   in spinal @entity602 in @entity1 @entity1 and to evaluate the utility of @entity538 -   as an immunohistochemical diagnostic marker. A total of 22 @entity1 with spinal cord @entity5 were included in this study. @entity1 were classified according to the WHO designation of @entity1 @entity5 ; three @entity1 had grade 1 @entity816 , 14 had grade 2, and five had Grade 3. Normal control spinal cord tissues were obtained at autopsy from the cervical spinal cords of ten @entity1 with no history of cervical @entity130 or @entity16 . We evaluated @entity817 , @entity818 , @entity538 , and @entity538 -   immunoreactivity in control tissues and @entity816 . In normal control tissues, @entity538 immunoreactivity was detected in astrocytes whereas @entity538 -   immunoreactivity was observed in very few astrocytes adjacent to the subpial layer of the spinal cord. @entity538 -   immunoreactivity was significantly correlated with @entity602 grade in @entity816 compared to that in normal control tissues. The optical density of @entity538 -   increased significantly with @entity816 grade (correlation coefficient, R (2)  =  0.680). Also, @entity817 and @entity818 immunoreactivity were detected in @entity816 . We suggest that @entity538 -   may be an additional, reliable histopathological diagnostic marker for spinal @entity602 .

title: A histopathological diagnostic marker for XXXX spinal @entity816 : expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein-  .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['astrocytic tumors']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological disease']

entities_list: @entity602 :: ('MESH:D013118', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord astrocytoma', 'cord astrocytomas']

entities_list: @entity816 :: ('MESH:D001254', 'Disease') :: ['astrocytoma', 'astrocytomas']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity1 with @entity3052 refractory to induction or reinduction chemotherapy have poor prognoses if they do not undergo hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT). However, HSCT when a @entity1 is not in complete remission (CR) is of uncertain benefit. We hypothesized that pretransplantation variables may define subgroups that have a better prognosis. @entity1 AND METHODS: Overall, 2,255 @entity1 who underwent transplantation for @entity3052 in relapse or with primary induction failure after myeloablative conditioning regimen between 1995 and 2004 were reported to the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research. The median follow-up of survivors was 61 months. We performed multivariate analysis of pretransplantation variables and developed a predictive scoring system for survival. RESULTS: The 3-year @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) rates were 19% for @entity3052 ( @entity3052 ) and 16% for @entity981 ( @entity981 ). For @entity3052 , five adverse pretransplantation variables significantly influenced survival: first CR duration less than 6 months, circulating blasts, donor other than HLA-identical sibling, Karnofsky or Lansky score less than 90, and poor-risk cytogenetics. For @entity981 , survival was worse with the following: first refractory or second or greater relapse, > or = 25% marrow blasts, cytomegalovirus-seropositive donor, and age of 10 years or older. @entity1 with @entity3052 who had a predictive score of 0 had 42% @entity1349 at 3 years, whereas @entity1349 was 6% for a score > or = 3. @entity1 with @entity981 who had a score of 0 or 1 had 46% 3-year @entity1349 but only 10% @entity1349 rate for a score > or = 3. CONCLUSION: Pretransplantation variables delineate subgroups with different outcomes. HSCT during relapse can achieve long-term survival in selected @entity1 with @entity3052 .

title: Hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation for XXXX in relapse or primary induction failure.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity981 :: ('MESH:D054198', 'Disease') :: ['acute lymphoblastic leukemia', 'ALL']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute myeloid leukemia', 'AML', 'acute leukemia']

answer: @entity3052 :: (MESH:D015470,Disease) :: ['acute leukemia']


abstract: Sixty-two @entity1 with @entity0 were admitted to a pilot study in which a modified CMF regimen was administered. @entity786 was administered i.v. at a dosage of 600 mg/m2 on the same day as @entity1487 (600 mg/m2/i.v.) and @entity1499 (40 mg/m2/i.v.). The therapy was recycled on the 21st day and in the presence of myelosuppression, the administration of the drugs was delayed for 1-2 weeks recovery of the hematologic values. CR + PR were obtained in 42% of @entity1 and no change in 32% (U.I.C.C. criteria). @entity3 to soft tissues showed CR + PR in 55% of the cases, bone in 33% and viscera in 35%. The menopausal status, the disease-free interval and the number of involved sites did not influence statistically the percentage of responses; however, the response rate was influenced statistically by previous treatment. The median duration of response was 7.5 months; the median overall survival of the 60 evaluable @entity1 was 18 months. Due to myelosuppression, CMF i.v. administration was delayed 90/620 times (14%). @entity137 was acceptable and had a lower incidence than that reported in the literature in different series of CMF administered p.o. @entity390 and @entity391 , in particular, were limited to 24-48 h after administration of the drugs, and @entity1665 was seldom observed.

title: Intravenous administration of @entity786 , @entity1499 and @entity1487 in metastatic XXXX . A pilot study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['Toxicity']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['advanced breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['Cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['Metastases']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorouracil']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Neutrophil @entity1435 (MAPK) is a key enzyme in the intracellular signalling pathway that is responsible for many neutrophil functions, which are important in neutrophil-endothelial interaction. The @entity8304 compounds are inhibitors of this enzyme system. The objectives of this in-vitro investigation were to examine the effect of @entity1363 on neutrophil p38 MAPK activation (phosphorylation) following in-vitro ischaemia-reperfusion injury, and the expression of adhesion molecule @entity9536 / @entity1454 . METHODS: In-vitro injury was produced by incubating the neutrophils with @entity5037 . Neutrophils were treated with either 10 or 50 times the therapeutic plasma concentrations of @entity1363 and @entity1441 (known inhibitor of p38 MAPK). The concentrations of phosphorylated p38 MAPK and expression of neutrophil adhesion molecules @entity9536 / @entity1454 were measured. Flow cytometry was used to estimate adhesion molecule expression. RESULTS: The concentration of phosphorylated p38 MAPK was less in neutrophils subjected to ischaemia-reperfusion and treated with @entity1363 either 10 microg ml [13.6 (3.2) ng ml] or 50 microg ml [12.4 (3.6) ng ml], or @entity1441 [13 (2.6) ng ml] than those subjected to ischaemia-reperfusion alone [18 (3.18) ng ml] at a P value of less than 0.05.Following ischaemia-reperfusion injury, @entity9536 / @entity1454 expression (expression mean channel fluorescence) on neutrophils was greater when compared with controls. The magnitudes of @entity9536 and @entity1454 expression on ischaemia-reperfusion-injured neutrophils were decreased by @entity1363 (10 microg ml) as compared with control of 10.3 (2.6) vs. 14 (3.1) microg ml and 28.3 (12.9) vs. 44 (12.1) microg ml, respectively, at a P value of less than 0.05. Similarly, the expression of @entity9536 and @entity1454 was less in ischaemia-reperfusion-injured neutrophils treated with inhibitor of 10.3 (2.8) vs. 14 (3.18) microg ml and 29.5 (12.5) vs. 44.3 (12.3) microg ml when compared with controls at a P value of less than 0.05. CONCLUSION: @entity1363 diminishes in-vitro ischaemia-reperfusion-induced phosphorylation of p38 MAPK in neutrophils. This decrease in p38 MAPK activation results in decreased neutrophil @entity9536 / @entity1454 molecule expression.

title: The effect of XXXX on neutrophil mitogen-activated protein kinase.

entities_list: @entity1435 :: ('1432', 'Gene') :: ['p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase']

entities_list: @entity8304 :: ('MESH:C029899', 'Chemical') :: ['imidazole']

entities_list: @entity5037 :: ('MESH:D009240', 'Chemical') :: ['N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine']

entities_list: @entity1363 :: ('MESH:D008874', 'Chemical') :: ['Midazolam', 'midazolam']

answer: @entity1363 :: (MESH:D008874,Chemical) :: ['midazolam']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Improved shunt survival and a better understanding of factors related to failure in paediatric @entity1276 still pose a challenge for neurosurgeons, in order to avoid morbidity and mortality, as well as the economic impact of repeated revision surgeries. For these reasons, an analysis is performed on the factors related to the first shunt failure in the long-term follow-up of a series in a single centre. METHODS: A retrospective review was conducted on 166 hydrocephalic paediatric @entity1 shunted for the first time between 2000 and 2014. An analysis was made of the statistical relationships between first shunt failure and the demographic, aetiological, surgical and clinical variables. RESULTS: Of the 166 shunts implanted in our centre during the study period, 111 required revision over a mean follow-up period of 93 months. Factors significantly related to failure were post- @entity548 and post-infectious @entity1276 , @entity693 episode, posterior burr hole, differential pressure valve, standard catheter in first surgery, and symptomatic over-drainage. Multivariable analysis showed that previous @entity693 and symptomatic over-drainage were risk factors for shunt failure, whereas frontal burr hole location and antibiotic-impregnated catheters were protective factors. Cox regression determined that independent factors significantly related to a worse shunt survival, were @entity281 and symptomatic over-drainage. CONCLUSIONS: @entity693 , symptomatic over-drainage, frontal burr hole, and antibiotic impregnated catheters are significant prognostic factors for shunt survival. @entity281 and symptomatic over-drainage are independent factors significantly related to a shorter shunt survival. Prospective, randomised, controlled trials are required to validate these results.

title: Factors related to shunt survival in paediatric XXXX . Could failure be avoided?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['hydrocephalus']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['haemorrhagic']

entities_list: @entity693 :: ('MESH:D008581', 'Disease') :: ['Meningitis', 'meningitis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['Shunt infection', 'shunt infection']

answer: @entity1276 :: (MESH:D006849,Disease) :: ['hydrocephalus']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Although metatarsal @entity174 are amongst the most common injuries of the foot, this is the first study on outcome after metatarsal @entity174 . METHOD: All consecutive @entity1 with metatarsal @entity174 treated between January 2006 and September 2008 were re-evaluated. @entity1 aged 16 to 75 were sent a questionnaire consisting of the American Orthopaedic Foot Ankle Society midfoot score and a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for @entity1 satisfaction. RESULTS: Four-hundred metatarsal @entity174 were identified in 322 @entity1 . The fifth metatarsal was involved in more than 50% of @entity1 . Most @entity174 were caused by an inversion injury or fall from height (75%). Out of 247 @entity1 between 16 and 75 years, a total of 166 @entity1 (67.2%) returned the questionnaire with a median follow-up of 33 months. All @entity1 were treated conservatively. The median AOFAS score was 100 points (P(25)-P(75), 87-100), the median VAS was 9 points (P(25)-P(75), 8-10). The AOFAS and VAS scores correlated negatively with the body mass index (BMI) (R (s) = -0.409 and -0.305; p < 0.001). @entity1 with @entity6 reported lower VAS (p = 0.010) and AOFAS scores (p = 0.020). Females reported a lower AOFAS score (p = 0.034). An increase in dislocation (>2 mm) resulted in a decrease in VAS score (p = 0.017). Multivariable analysis indicated that the VAS score was significantly affected by BMI and dislocation >2 mm (p = 0.013). The AOFAS score was affected by BMI (p = 0.011). CONCLUSION: This is the first investigation using two validated outcome scoring systems to determine functional outcome in metatarsal @entity174 . Overall outcome in metatarsal @entity174 is high, as almost all @entity174 healed without complaints at 33 months. Outcome is dependent on BMI, @entity6 , gender, and dislocation at the @entity174 site.

title: Demographics and outcome of metatarsal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'fracture']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['fractures']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity774 ( @entity774 ) is one of the most common @entity74 is responsible for the majority of cases (90-95%) and considered the most common cause of genital ambiguity. There are no statistics concerning the prevalence of this disorder in Syria, although the high rate of consanguineous marriages indicates a possible high prevalence. OBJECTIVES: This study aims to collect baseline information about @entity774 in Syria to evaluate the potential need of a screening program. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: All medical records of inpatients who had @entity774 as a final or presumptive diagnosis at the @entity1 's Hospital of Damascus between 2008-2012, or were diagnosed elsewhere and then admitted at the hospital for the first time within the same period, were retrospectively reviewed and divided into two groups: confirmed and suspected cases. RESULTS: Eighty-nine cases were confirmed, 25 were still suspected. Of the 89 confirmed cases: 20 (22.5%) were males, 66 (74.1%) were females, and 3 were ambiguous. Sixty-one @entity1 (68.5%) were of the salt wasting type and 28 (31.5%) were of the simple virilizing type. The mortality rate was 6.7%. Thirty-two females were assigned as males at birth. Seventeen cases (19.1%) underwent previous hospitalization. 69.7% of @entity1 were not diagnosed during the first month of life. Of the 25 suspected cases: 12 were males, 8 were females and 5 were ambiguous. Confirmatory tests had not been performed because of @entity204 in 7 @entity1 (28%) and early discharge upon parental request in another 7 @entity1 (28%). CONCLUSION: A mandatory screening program for @entity774 in Syria seems necessary due to the obvious lack of awareness, delayed diagnosis and high expected prevalence. However, further efforts are needed to confirm the effectiveness of such a program in the Syrian society.

title: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency: A five-year retrospective study in the XXXX 's Hospital of Damascus, Syria.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['inherited metabolic disorders. 21-hydroxylase deficiency']

entities_list: @entity774 :: ('MESH:D000312', 'Disease') :: ['Congenital adrenal hyperplasia', 'CAH']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Children']


abstract: @entity944 is a well known complication of @entity337 and remains a common cause of late mortality after aortic valve replacement. Although malignant @entity943 have been suggested as the cause of these outcome, there has been little information concerning the frequency and severity of @entity943 in @entity1 with @entity337 . In order to evaluate the relation between the severity and/or frequency of @entity943 and late postoperative results in @entity1 with pure @entity337 , 24-hour ambulatory electrocardiographic recordings were obtained before surgery in 107 @entity1 without @entity453 . Grading of @entity943 was based on a Lown method and compared with hemodynamic data. @entity1540 beats were observed in 101 @entity1 (94.4%) before operation. Multiformity was found in 10 @entity1 (9.3%) couplets in 19 @entity1 (17.8%) and @entity1165 in 32 @entity1 (29.9%). @entity1 with severe @entity943 (Lown grade 3 or 4: 57.0%) had a higher left ventricular end systolic volume index (LVESVI) 153.1 +/- 76.4 ml/m2 vs 96.5 +/- 35.0 ml/m2 (p = 0.0001); a higher left ventricular end diastolic volume index (LVEDVI) 257.0 +/- 85.4 ml/m2 vs 206.5 +/- 58.3 ml/m2 (p = 0.0009); a lower left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) 43.4 +/- 12.5% vs 54.2 +/- 9.8% (p = 0.0001). LVESVI was not related to the severity of @entity943 , but was significantly related to the frequency (p < 0.05). All @entity1 with late death were belonging to Lown grade 3 or 4 in severity and more than 30 beats per hour in frequency (28.6%). This study indicates that @entity943 are common in @entity1 with @entity337 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Relation between preoperative XXXX and postoperative results in @entity337 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity944 :: ('MESH:D003645', 'Disease') :: ['Sudden death']

entities_list: @entity337 :: ('MESH:D001022', 'Disease') :: ['aortic valve regurgitation']

entities_list: @entity1540 :: ('MESH:D018879', 'Disease') :: ['Ventricular premature']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular arrhythmias', 'arrhythmias']

answer: @entity943 :: (MESH:D001145,Disease) :: ['ventricular arrhythmias']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the computerized tomographic (CT) findings in traumatic @entity130 (TAI) at presentation and after conservative management. METHODS: Institutional review board-approved retrospective review of @entity130 registry during a 6-year period identified class 1 or 2 @entity130 @entity1 with TAI. The CT findings were correlated with @entity1 outcome. RESULTS: Forty-eight of 3350 @entity1 had TAI. Seven had TAI limited to the abdominal aorta. Twenty-nine of 48 had early (12) or delayed (17) aortic repair. @entity854 were @entity2849 (69%) and intramural @entity1410 (IMH) (65%). Forty-one of 48 TAI were confirmed on endovascular imaging or surgery. Subsequent CT was available in those who had delayed repair (n = 9) or conservative management (10) and showed stable @entity2849 with resolving IMH (n = 11), resolving IMH (n = 4), intimal flap (n = 2), aortic @entity715 (n = 1), and dissection (n = 1). CONCLUSIONS: @entity130 is rare. It commonly involves thoracic aorta with @entity2849 and IMH. Significant TAI in stable @entity1 remains stable on follow-up imaging. Minor TAI may resolve with conservative therapy.

title: XXXX : computerized tomographic findings at presentation and after conservative therapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['Traumatic aortic injury', 'aortic injury', 'trauma']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['Common abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombus']

entities_list: @entity2849 :: ('MESH:D017541', 'Disease') :: ['pseudoaneurysm', 'pseudoaneurysms']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['Traumatic aortic injury']


abstract: Twenty-five @entity1 had superficial ulcerative and vegetative @entity6793 with granulomatous histologic findings. Healing occurred without systemic corticosteroid therapy in all but three @entity1 . All @entity1 had clinical @entity6794 . In five @entity1 the lesion occurred after surgery of the skin. Histopathologic study of 40 biopsy specimens showed focal neutrophilic abscesses of the papillary dermis, often with peripheral palisading histiocytes and @entity5744 . Pseudoepitheliomatous, @entity1373 and sinus tract formation were observed frequently. All @entity1 had massive areas of plasmacytosis, and 13 had eosinophils. Granulation tissue, @entity548 , and @entity82 were additional features in some areas. Foreign material in the lesions was considered unimportant, except in one @entity1 with a @entity738 . Therapy with local @entity288 , @entity1214 , @entity803 , or sulfa drugs resulted in healing in 15 @entity1 . We believe that we have identified a localized, limited form of chronic superficial @entity6794 with @entity1066 and a granulomatous histologic appearance that represents a unique pattern of this disease in some @entity1 .

title: Superficial granulomatous @entity6793 : a localized vegetative form of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity1214 :: ('MESH:D008911', 'Chemical') :: ['minocycline']

entities_list: @entity6794 :: ('MESH:D017511', 'Disease') :: ['pyoderma gangrenosum']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity738 :: ('MESH:D006099', 'Disease') :: ['starch granuloma']

entities_list: @entity1373 :: ('MESH:D006965', 'Disease') :: ['vegetative hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['verrucous and ulcerative lesions']

entities_list: @entity5744 :: ('MESH:D005547', 'Disease') :: ['foreign-body giant cells']

entities_list: @entity803 :: ('MESH:D013752', 'Chemical') :: ['tetracycline']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity6794 :: (MESH:D017511,Disease) :: ['pyoderma gangrenosum']


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: Quantification of the number of noninhibited responses (lures) in the @entity14978 ( @entity14978 ) has been proposed for the diagnosis of @entity99 ( @entity99 ). We assessed the efficacy of @entity14978 compared with recommended diagnostic standards. METHODS: We studied @entity1 with @entity82 and healthy individuals (controls) who underwent the @entity14978 at 2 centers (center A: n=51 @entity1 and 41 controls, center B: n=24 @entity1 and 14 controls). Subjects were evaluated for @entity99 by psychometric @entity99 score (PHES). @entity1 from center B also were assessed for @entity99 by critical flicker frequency and spectral electroencephalogram analyses. RESULTS: @entity1 with @entity82 had @entity14978 (23.2+/-12.8 vs 12.9+/-5.8, respectively, P<.01) and lower @entity14978 target accuracy (0.88+/-0.17 vs 0.96+/-0.03, respectively, P<.01) compared with controls. However, lures were comparable (25.2+/-12.5 vs 21.4+/-13.9, respectively, P=.32) among @entity1 with/without altered PHES (center A). There was a reverse, U-shaped relationship between @entity14978 lure and target accuracy; a variable adjusting lures was devised based on target accuracy (weighted lures at center B). This variable differed between @entity1 with and without @entity99 . The variable weighted lures was then validated from data collected at center A by receiver operator characteristic curve analysis; it discriminated between @entity1 with and without PHES alterations (area under the curve=0.71+/-0.07). However, target accuracy alone was as effective as a stand-alone variable (area under the curve=0.81+/-0.06). CONCLUSIONS: The @entity14978 is not useful for the diagnosis of @entity99 , unless adjusted by target accuracy. Testing inhibition (lures) does not seem to be superior to testing attention (target accuracy) for the detection of @entity99 .

title: Improving the @entity14978 to detect XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity14978 :: ('MESH:C566973', 'Disease') :: ['inhibitory control task', 'ICT', 'higher ICT lures']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['minimal hepatic encephalopathy', 'hepatic encephalopathy', 'MHE']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

answer: @entity99 :: (MESH:D056486,Disease) :: ['minimal hepatic encephalopathy']


abstract: While exercise thallium imaging has improved sensitivity and specificity for detection of @entity453 ( @entity453 ), its predictive value for morbid @entity299 is unclear. Of 532 consecutive @entity1 who underwent exercise thallium imaging, follow-up was complete in 515 (97%) after an average of 36 months (range 31 to 48). Two hundred six @entity1 had an abnormal exercise thallium response and 309 had a normal response. Twenty morbid @entity299 occurred (13 deaths and 7 acute @entity583 [AMI]). Of the 13 @entity1 who died, 12 had abnormal thallium results. Overall, 5.8% of the @entity1 with abnormal thallium results died, in contrast to 0.3% of @entity1 with normal results. Of the 7 @entity1 who had a nonfatal AMI, 3 had abnormal exercise thallium results. Moreover, similar proportions of @entity1 (1.4% and 1.3%) with normal and abnormal exercise thallium results had nonfatal AMI. Presence or absence of pathologic Q waves and inclusion of exercise electrocardiographic results did not significantly alter the results. Thus, although a normal exercise thallium response significantly reduces the likelihood of @entity65 , its predictive value for nonfatal AMI is limited. Moreover, the relatively low event rate for @entity1 with a positive exercise thallium response further limits its prognostic value.

title: Role of exercise thallium-201 myocardial perfusion scintigraphy in predicting prognosis in suspected XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarctions']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac events']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['CAD', 'coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular death']

answer: @entity453 :: (MESH:D003324,Disease) :: ['coronary artery disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence and @entity2737 (DSWI) in a contemporary cohort of @entity1 undergoing cardiac surgery. The early and late outcomes of @entity1 with this complication also were analyzed. DESIGN: A retrospective study of consecutive @entity1 undergoing cardiac surgery using a computerized database based on the New York State Department of Health registry. Data collection was performed prospectively. SETTING: A university hospital (single institution). @entity1 : Five thousand seven hundred ninety-eight @entity1 who underwent cardiac surgery between January 1998 and December 2005 including isolated coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) (n = 2,749, 47%), single- or multiple-valve surgery (n = 1,280, 22%), combined valve and CABG procedures (n = 934, 16%), and surgery involving the ascending aorta or the aortic arch (n = 835, 15%). INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The overall incidence of DSWI was 1.8% (n = 106). The highest rate of DSWI occurred after combined valve/CABG surgery (2.4%, n = 22) and aortic procedures (2.4%, n = 19). Multivariate analysis revealed 11 predictors of DSWI: @entity28 (odds ratio [OR] = 2.2), previous @entity583 (OR = 2.1), @entity6 (OR = 1.7), @entity1030 (OR = 2.3), preoperative length of stay >3 days (OR = 1.9), @entity730 (OR = 2.7), aortic surgery (OR = 2.4), combined valve/CABG procedures (OR = 1.9), cardiopulmonary bypass time (OR = 1.8), re-exploration for @entity548 (OR = 6.3), and @entity1576 (OR = 3.2). The mortality rate was 14.2% (n = 15) versus 3.6% (n = 205) in the control group (p < 0.001). One- and 5-year survival after DSWI were significantly decreased (72.4% +/- 4.4% and 55.8% +/- 5.6% v 93.8% +/- 0.3% and 82.0% +/- 0.6%, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: DSWI remains a rare but devastating complication and is associated with significant comorbidity, increased hospital mortality, and reduced long-term survival.

title: XXXX in cardiac surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity2737 :: ('MESH:D014946', 'Disease') :: ['predictors of deep sternal wound infection']

entities_list: @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['aortic calcification']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory failure']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity2737 :: (MESH:D014946,Disease) :: ['Epidemiology of deep sternal wound infection']


abstract: Twenty-eight cases of @entity39 ( @entity39 ) were treated in 27 @entity1 . Most commonly these infections were caused by perineal disease, operative procedures, and cutaneous @entity1066 . Associated @entity102 were present in 21 @entity1 . @entity86 occurred when prophylactic antibiotics were omitted or used inappropriately during clean-contaminated or contaminated procedures and when primary skin closure was done in the presence of intra-abdominal contamination. All but four infections were polymicrobial. The overall mortality rate was 73% (20 of 27). @entity204 was due to persistent would @entity295 in nine, systemic septic complications despite apparent local control of the infection in nine, and @entity583 in two @entity1 . Five of seven survivors had @entity39 limited to one region (leg, perineum, or abdomen). Only 2 of 15 @entity1 survived when more than one debridement was necessary to control ongoing wound @entity39 . Eleven of 12 @entity1 who had a delay in treatment for more than 12 hours died. These results suggest that prompt recognition and treatment of @entity39 are essential for survival. The presence of chronic debilitating diseases may contribute to the uncontrollable nature of both local and @entity281 , further emphasizing the need for early diagnosis. @entity86 is potentially preventable by strict adherence to the principles for management of contaminated procedures.

title: XXXX : a preventable disaster.

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrotizing fasciitis', 'NF', 'necrosis']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic diseases']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['systemic infection']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative fasciitis']

answer: @entity39 :: (MESH:D009336,Disease) :: ['Necrotizing fasciitis']


abstract: The major diagnostic manifestations in @entity14537 include @entity75 , downward slanting palpebral fissures, a prominent jaw, @entity4207 , and childhood overgrowth. Over 90% of clinically diagnosed @entity1 have an abnormality in the @entity14538 gene. We investigated the dental manifestations of this disorder and found one or several premolar teeth were absent in 9 out of 13 (69%) affected @entity1 and adolescents. A heterozygous mutation in the @entity14538 gene was identified in 12 @entity1 , including all @entity1 with @entity2651 . The severity of the @entity2651 seemed to increase with the severity of aberration of the @entity14538 . More than 50% of the @entity1 had enamel defects or excessive @entity3356 . Dental age, based on tooth formation, was within the normal range. A characteristic occlusion for @entity14537 could not be identified. As agenesis of premolars was a common feature in these @entity1 affected with @entity14537 , we recommend panoramic radiography at the age of 7 years. If premolars are missing, proper preventive and restorative care is necessary to maintain the deciduous molars.

title: @entity2651 is a common feature in @entity14537 with a mutation in the XXXX gene.

entities_list: @entity14537 :: ('MESH:D058495', 'Disease') :: ['Sotos syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['frontal bossing']

entities_list: @entity2651 :: ('MESH:D000848', 'Disease') :: ['hypodontia']

entities_list: @entity3356 :: ('MESH:D057085', 'Disease') :: ['tooth wear']

entities_list: @entity4207 :: ('MESH:D007859', 'Disease') :: ['learning disability']

answer: @entity14538 :: (64324,Gene) :: ['NSD1']


abstract: 1 The design of a clinical study evaluating mild analgesics in post partum @entity1 is dependent on the purpose of the study. Work intended to determine whether a compound has any analgesic properties, requires a different design from a study positioning a drug in the continuum of available oral analgesics. A vital aspect of a well designed study is randomization of the treatments. The level of initial @entity158 must also be stratified. The use of a cross-over design can decrease @entity1 variation and is therefore very valuable. However, order effects need to be measured. 2 The parameters obtained from the data extend beyond the directly elicited to statistically derived variables. We have derived a method to assign mathematically a numerical score to each @entity1 's verbal report. 3 To reach a meaningful conclusion, one should base the evaluation of the compound on several studies. The interpretation of data from one study must be made with great caution, because of individual variation. In the magnitude of the response some experimenters have found differences between uterine @entity14695 and @entity158 , but these have not been consistently reproduced by others.

title: Clinical evaluation of mild analgesics in post partum XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain and the type of pain', 'episiotomy pain']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: CONCLUSION: Evaluation of the follow-up of 67 @entity1 shows that S53P4 bioactive glass (BAG) granules are safe and effective as obliteration material in @entity3540 surgery. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the safety and efficacy of mastoid obliteration using S53P4   BAG in @entity3540 surgery. Clinical outcomes were @entity281 control (Merchant's grading), @entity3540 recidivism, and audiometric performance. METHODS: Retrospective follow-up study at the Diakonessenhuis, Utrecht, the Netherlands. Eighteen young (age <17 years) and 49 adult (age >= 17 years) @entity1 treated for @entity3540 underwent tympanomastoidectomy with mastoid obliteration using S53P4   BAG in the period 2012-2015. Outcome was monitored with clinical otoscopy, @entity2972 incidence measurement (Merchant's grading), DW-MRI, and audiographic performance analyses (pure tone average and air bone gap). RESULTS: During the follow-up period (mean   =   22 months; range   =   12-54 months) @entity3540 recidivism was observed in 6% of the @entity1 (four ears), mostly in young @entity1 (three ears). An acceptably dry ear (Merchant grade 0-1) was achieved in 96% of all cases. The remaining 4% of cases scored a Merchant grade 2. Overall, both air conduction thresholds and air bone gap were slightly lowered when comparing post-operative values to pre-operative values and significantly in the case of ossicular reconstruction. In none of the @entity1 (0%) did post-operative wound @entity281 occur.

title: Mastoid obliteration with S53P4 bioactive glass in XXXX surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection', 'infections']

entities_list: @entity3540 :: ('MESH:D002781', 'Disease') :: ['cholesteatoma']

answer: @entity3540 :: (MESH:D002781,Disease) :: ['cholesteatoma']


abstract: Although thymosins have been demonstrated to have immunomodulatory effects, it is still not clear whether they could affect dendritic cells (DCs), the most professional antigen-presenting cells. The objective of this study was to determine the effect and potential mechanisms of @entity10136 -alpha1 (Talpha1) on DC differentiation and functional maturation. @entity1 peripheral blood @entity5750 (+) monocytes were purified by using a magnetic separation column and cultured with @entity2841 and @entity3646 to differentiate into immature DCs (iDCs). In the presence of Talpha1, iDC surface markers @entity2936 , @entity7938 , MHC class I and class II molecules were significantly upregulated as measured by flow cytemotry analysis. However, @entity10137 or Tbeta10 did not show these effects on iDCs. There was an approximately 30% reduction in antigen ( @entity2823 -conjugated dextran)-uptake by Talpha1-treated iDCs as compared with non-Talpha1-treated iDCs. In addition, Talpha1-treated matured DCs (mDCs) showed an increased stimulation of allogeneic CD3(+) T-cell proliferation as measured by a mixed-lymphocyte reaction assay. Talpha1-treated mDCs also increased the production of several @entity1198 - and Th2-type cytokines as measured by a Bio-Plex cytokine assay. Furthermore, rapid activation of @entity1435 MAPK and @entity2451 was seen in Talpha1-treated iDCs as measured by a Bio-Plex phosphoprotein assay. Thus, Talpha1 significantly enhances DC differentiation, activation, and functions from @entity1 peripheral blood @entity5750 (+) monocytes possibly through a mechanism of the activation of @entity1435 MAPK and @entity2451 pathways. This study provides a basis to further evaluate Talpha1 as a possible adjuvant for a DC-directed vaccine or therapy.

title: XXXX -alpha1 modulates dendritic cell differentiation and functional maturation from @entity1 peripheral blood @entity5750 + monocytes.

answer: @entity10136 :: (MESH:D013947,Chemical) :: ['Thymosin']


abstract: The removal of hydrophobic pollutants in biofilters is often limited by gas liquid mass transfer to the biotic aqueous phase where biodegradation occurs. It has been proposed that the use of fungi may improve their removal efficiency. To confirm this, the uptake of @entity4315 vapors was investigated in 2.6-L perlite-packed biofilters, inoculated with a mixed culture containing bacteria and fungi, which were operated under neutral or acid conditions. For a @entity4315 inlet load of around 140 g.m-3. @entity7285 , elimination capacities (EC) of 60 and 100 g.m-3. @entity7285 were respectively reached with the neutral and acid systems. Increasing the inlet @entity4315 load showed that the maximum EC obtained in the acid biofilter (150 g.m-3. @entity7285 ) was twice greater than in the neutral filter. The addition of bacterial inhibitors had no significant effect on EC in the acid system. The biomass in the acid biofilter was 187 mg.g-1 (dry perlite) without an important pressure drop (26.5 mm of water.m-1reactor). The greater efficiency obtained with the acid biofilter can be related to the hydrophobic aerial hyphae which are in direct contact with the gas and can absorb the hydrophobic compounds faster than the flat bacterial biofilms. Two fungi were isolated from the acid biofilter and were identified as Cladosporium and Fusarium spp. @entity4315 EC of 40 g.m-3. @entity7285 for Cladosporium sp. and 50 g.m-3. @entity7285 for Fusarium sp. were obtained in short time experiments in small biofilters (0.230 L). A biomass content around 30 mg.g-1 (dry perlite) showed the potential for @entity4315 biofiltration of the strains.

title: Improving XXXX removal by enhancing fungal development in a microbial consortium biofilter.

entities_list: @entity4315 :: ('CHEBI:29021', 'Chemical') :: ['hexane', 'Hexane']

answer: @entity4315 :: (CHEBI:29021,Chemical) :: ['hexane']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 2046 Background: Systemic treatment options are limited for @entity1 with recurrent @entity1653 . @entity7 and PDGF promote angiogenesis and cellular proliferation. @entity17482 is an oral inhibitor of @entity7 and PDGF receptors. The primary endpoint was to determine overall response rate. Secondary endpoints were 6-month progression-free survival (PFS-6) and overall survival. METHODS: @entity1 (pts) with histologically confirmed recurrent WHO Grade 2 or 3 @entity1653 were eligible. Pts had no limit on prior therapies though must have included surgery and radiotherapy, a KPS >= 60, and were not taking enzyme inducing anticonvulsants. @entity17482 administration began at 250 mg BID and increased by 250 mg/day weekly to a dose of 500 mg BID. Clinical examinations were performed after each 4-week cycle and imaging every 8 weeks. Responses were graded using modified Macdonald criteria. RESULTS: 21 pts were treated: 14 grade 2 and 7 grade 3 @entity1653 (11 @entity1 ; 10 @entity1 ). Median age was 59 (29-88) years. Median KPS was 80 (60-100). Median number of cycles was 2 (range < 1-14) with one @entity1 remaining on treatment. Main @entity137 were transaminase elevation grade 4 (n=1) and 3 (n=3), fatigue grade 3 (n=4) and rash grade 3 (n=2). 3 pts were withdrawn early due to @entity137 and were not evaluable for response. Best response in the remaining 17 pts was PR (n=1; 5.8%), @entity168 (n= 12; 70.6%) and @entity1726 (n = 5; 29.4%). Overall PFS-6 and 12 was 37.5% and 12.5%; median time to progression was 3.7 m grade 2 and 3.6 m grade 3 months among the 21 pts (intent to treat). Median overall survival was 22.9 m for grade 2 and 19.6 m for grade 3. CONCLUSIONS: The combination @entity7 /PDGF inhibition in pts with recurrent or progressive high-grade @entity1653 can lead to disease stabilization. Targeted therapy may have a better role than cytotoxic therapies given the limited activity of available agents and suggest further studies with @entity7 signaling pathway inhibition are warranted.

title: A phase II trial of PTK787/ @entity17482 (PTK787) in recurrent high-grade XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity1653 :: ('MESH:D008579', 'Disease') :: ['meningioma', 'meningiomas']

answer: @entity1653 :: (MESH:D008579,Disease) :: ['meningioma']


abstract: @entity1150 ( @entity1150 ), unrelated to intravenous catheters, is unusual in @entity1 . During the period between 1970 to 1984, 15 cases of spontaneous @entity1150 were seen at The Montreal @entity1 's Hospital. The female to male ratio was 2:1. Age ranged from 10 to 17 years. Venogram was positive in the 14 @entity1 in whom it was done. Significant factors were related to the @entity1150 in 12 @entity1 : oral contraceptives, @entity174 , @entity2828 and chemotherapy, @entity1313 , @entity1985 , and @entity31 (2, one of whom developed the @entity1150 3 months before the onset of @entity344 ). The sites of @entity2268 encountered were left iliofemoral vein, right iliofemoral, right tibial, and left subclavian. Three @entity1 developed @entity1151 , which were recurrent in two and required iliac vein ligation or inferior vena cava clipping. Treatment usually consisted of intravenous heparin followed by oral anticoagulants for 3 to 6 months. Two @entity1 received streptokinase with good results. All the @entity1 recovered. With a limited follow-up (6 months to 5 years), we have not seen any postphlebitic sequelae.

title: Spontaneous XXXX in childhood and adolescence.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity2828 :: ('MESH:D012512', 'Disease') :: ["Ewing's sarcoma"]

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['pelvic fracture']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['brain tumor']

entities_list: @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative colitis']

entities_list: @entity2268 :: ('MESH:D013924', 'Disease') :: ['thrombophlebitis']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal symptoms']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary emboli']

entities_list: @entity1150 :: ('MESH:D020246', 'Disease') :: ['Deep vein thrombophlebitis', 'DVT']

entities_list: @entity1985 :: ('MESH:D009404', 'Disease') :: ['nephrotic syndrome']

answer: @entity1150 :: (MESH:D020246,Disease) :: ['deep vein thrombosis']


abstract: The objectives of the present study were to determine whether an intracisternal injection of fibrinogen- @entity4958 , a model of @entity3126 ( @entity3126 ), produces protein-rich or protein-poor @entity3126 , and to determine whether the @entity4 is associated with @entity120 and @entity891 . @entity11547 (6-10 mg/ml) dissolved in 0.055 M @entity4958 was injected into the cisterna magna of six New Zealand White @entity95 . Six additional @entity95 were injected with saline to control for the effects of @entity428 and @entity120 . The fibrinogen- @entity4958 solution or @entity4958 alone, as opposed to saline, produced systemic and @entity120 , @entity3126 , @entity519 , @entity2944 , and @entity520 . The lungs from fibrinogen-injected @entity95 were @entity4 , congested, and liverlike in appearance. Tracheal froth that was blood tinged and protein rich was present in five of the six @entity95 . Microscopic examination of lung biopsies revealed erythrocytes and plasma in the alveoli and focal injury to the pulmonary microvascular endothelium. Fibrinogen- @entity4958 increased (P less than 0.05) the extravascular lung water (EVLW) (10.3 +/- 2.0 vs. 5.5 +/- 0.6 g, means +/- SE), lung blood weight (9.7 +/- 1.3 vs. 3.8 +/- 0.6 g), total dry lung weight (3.2 +/- 0.4 vs. 2.0 +/- 0.1 g), and the EVLW-to-blood-free dry lung weight ratio (7.0 +/- 0.8 vs. 4.0 +/- 0.3 g) from saline-control values. There was no difference in the blood-fre dry lung weight (1.4 +/- 0.1 vs. 1.3 +/- 0.1 g) between the two groups. These findings demonstrate that @entity891 , @entity120 , and focal endothelial injury contribute to the development of @entity3126 .

title: Endothelial injury and @entity891 characterize @entity3126 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity4958 :: ('MESH:C102006', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium citrate']

entities_list: @entity3126 :: ('MESH:D011654', 'Disease') :: ['NPE', 'neurogenic pulmonary edema', 'pulmonary edema']

entities_list: @entity428 :: ('MESH:D019586', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial hypertension']

entities_list: @entity2944 :: ('MESH:D006935', 'Disease') :: ['hypercapnia']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['edematous', 'edema']

entities_list: @entity120 :: ('MESH:D006976', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary vascular hypertension']

entities_list: @entity891 :: ('MESH:D001261', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary congestion']

entities_list: @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxemia']

entities_list: @entity11547 :: ('MESH:D005340', 'Chemical') :: ['Fibrinogen']

entities_list: @entity520 :: ('MESH:D000138', 'Disease') :: ['acidosis']

answer: @entity95 :: (9986,Species) :: ['rabbits']


abstract: Elementary school-age @entity1 's conceptual understanding and factual knowledge about the causes of @entity791 ( @entity791 ), colds, and @entity28 are poorly understood, particularly among black @entity1 living in low-income, urban neighborhoods. We examined minority @entity1 's conceptual understanding about the causes of these illnesses. In addition, @entity1 's knowledge and misconceptions about the causal agents of @entity791 , colds, and @entity28 were investigated. A developmentally based, semistructured interview was developed to measure @entity1 's level of understanding about the causes of each condition. Interviews were conducted with 239, predominately black, first, third, and fifth grade students attending two public elementary schools in a low income city in northern California. Interviews were verbally administered and tape recorded for later verbatim transcription. @entity1 's responses to questions about causality first were scored based on their level of conceptual sophistication. Responses then were assigned to thematic categories reflecting the @entity1 's factual knowledge about the causes of @entity791 , colds, and @entity28 . Increases in grade level were associated with higher scores for causality of @entity791 (p < .0001), colds (p < .0001), and @entity28 (p < .01). In all three conditions, causality scores increased between first and fifth grades, but did not significantly vary between third and fifth grades. Gender, socioeconomic status, and number of adults living in the household were not significantly associated with causality scores. Within each grade, the finding of lower causality scores for @entity791 , as compared to colds and @entity28 , points out the need for developmentally appropriate explanations to @entity1 about the causes of @entity791 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: What do minority elementary students understand about the causes of @entity791 , colds, and XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity791 :: ('MESH:D000163', 'Disease') :: ['acquired immunodeficiency syndrome', 'AIDS']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obesity']


abstract: A population-based case-control study was conducted in Ontario, Canada, to assess the relation between the risk of @entity1778 and residential exposure to magnetic fields. Participating subjects consisted of 201 cases, diagnosed at 0 to 14 years of age during 1985-1993, ascertained from the records at the Hospital for Sick @entity1 (Toronto), and 406 individually matched controls. Where possible, point-in-time measurements of magnetic fields were made in all residences occupied by subjects during the period of inquiry in the defined catchment area. Three different classification schemes of wire code were assigned to each residence. Detailed information was collected by interviewer-administered questionnaires, which enabled risk estimates to be adjusted for socio-economic characteristics, medical history of parent(s) and @entity1 and environmental exposures. Inconsistent elevations in risk were associated with time-weighted averages of magnetic fields both inside and outside the home for subjects having residential point-in-time measurements that represented at least 70% of their etiological period. These risks increased in magnitude when analysis was restricted to @entity1 under 6 years of age at diagnosis or to those with @entity981 . For @entity1 younger than 6 years at diagnosis, outside perimeter measurements of the residence, > or = 0.15 microT, were associated with @entity1778 risk (OR = 3.45, 95% CI = 1.14-10.45). Evaluation of different exposure times for point-in-time magnetic field measurements and wire configuration suggested that exposures earliest in the etiological period were associated with greater risks for @entity1 diagnosed at a younger age (OR = 2.50, 95% CI = 1.14-5.49). Our findings did not support an association between @entity1778 and proximity to power lines with high current configuration.

title: A case-control study of XXXX in southern Ontario, Canada, and exposure to magnetic fields in residences.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children', 'child']

entities_list: @entity1778 :: ('MESH:D007938', 'Disease') :: ['leukemia', 'increased leukemia', 'childhood leukemia']

entities_list: @entity981 :: ('MESH:D054198', 'Disease') :: ['acute lymphoblastic leukemia']

answer: @entity1778 :: (MESH:D007938,Disease) :: ['childhood leukemia']


abstract: Recently, it has been recognized that blood pressure (BP) in the elderly may decrease after a meal or oral @entity413 loading. @entity460 antagonists and diuretics have been advocated as first-line drugs for the treatment of @entity101 in the elderly. It is not known whether these antihypertensive drugs may further deteriorate or improve BP homeostasis after a meal. Therefore, we studied in a double-blind parallel study the effects of a 12-week treatment with @entity9805 , 20 mg once daily, and @entity918 , 50 mg once daily, on BP homeostasis after an oral @entity413 loading. In addition, the effects of both agents on @entity1735 metabolism were studied. Before treatment, mean BP decreased by 13 +/- 1 mm Hg (SEM) (10%, p less than 0.001) 60 min after the @entity413 loading in the @entity9805 group [n = 9, age 73 +/- 3 (SD) years] and by 9 +/- 2 (SEM) mm Hg (7%, p less than 0.01) in the @entity918 group [n = 13, age 76 +/- 4 (SD) years]. After 12 weeks of treatment, oral @entity413 loading resulted in mean BP reductions of 7 +/- 2 mm Hg (6%, p less than 0.01) and 4 +/- 2 mm Hg (4%, not significant) in the @entity9805 and @entity918 groups, respectively. In the @entity918 group, the area under the curve of plasma @entity413 was significantly higher after treatment than before (p = 0.03). We conclude that antihypertensive treatment with @entity9805 or @entity918 improves BP homeostasis after an oral @entity413 loading. In contrast to @entity9805 , 12 weeks of treatment with @entity918 slightly impairs @entity1735 metabolism.

title: Effects of @entity9805 and @entity918 on postprandial blood pressure reduction and @entity1735 metabolism in XXXX patients over 70 years of age.

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity918 :: ('MESH:D006852', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrochlorothiazide']

entities_list: @entity9805 :: ('MESH:D009568', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrendipine']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['Calcium']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertensive']