abstract: UNASSIGNED: Background: @entity6 ( @entity6 ) and Impaired Fasting @entity413 (IFG) represent serious threats to @entity1 health, and as a result, this study was aimed at understanding the blood @entity413 distribution characteristics and the risk factors among a large health examination population in China. Methods: An investigation with physical and biochemical examinations and questionnaires was conducted in the physical examination center from 2011 to 2014 and as a result 175,122 physical examination attendees were enrolled in this study. Multivariate logistic regression was used to explore the factors influencing blood sugar levels. Results: The rates of IFG and @entity6 were 6.0% and 3.8%. Prevalence were 7.6%/5.1% in males and 5.1%/2.8% in females for IFG and @entity6 , respectively. The prevalence of IFG and @entity6 were thus higher in males than in females. In the normal group, except high density lipoprotein (HDL) that was significantly higher than in the IFG and @entity6 group, the other indexes (age, body mass index (BMI), @entity413 ( @entity367 ), total @entity165 (TC) and @entity348 ( @entity348 ) were lower than those in the IFG and @entity6 group. The proportion of IFG and @entity6 also increased with the increases in proportion of abnormal blood pressure, smoking and @entity285 consumption. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that increasing age, high BMI, high TC, high @entity348 and low HDL increased the risk of @entity6 , while in males, in addition to the above factors, the smoking and drinking factors also increased the risk of @entity6 . After the age of 65, the blood @entity413 level reached a peak in males, while in females, the increasing trends was on the rise. The inflexion age of the fast rise was younger in males than in females. Conclusion: The study population showed a high prevalence of @entity6 and IFG among the adults. Regular physical examination for the early detection of @entity6 is recommended in the high-risk population.

title: Analysis of Blood XXXX Distribution Characteristics and Its Risk Factors among a Health Examination Population in Wuhu (China).

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes', 'Diabetes mellitus', 'DM']

entities_list: @entity348 :: ('MESH:C535338', 'Disease') :: ['TG', 'total glycerides']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose', 'Glucose']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity413 :: (MESH:D005947,Chemical) :: ['Glucose']


abstract: The fates of various @entity1568 species were investigated in a layered biological infiltration system under an intermittently wetting regime. The layered system consisted of a mulch layer, coarse soil layer (CSL), and fine soil layer (FSL). The effects of soil texture were assessed focusing on the infiltration rate and the removal of inorganic @entity1568 species. The infiltration rate drastically decreased when the uniformity coefficient was larger than four. The @entity3104 in the synthetic runoff was shown to be removed via adsorption during the stormwater dosing and nitrification during subsequent dry days. Stable @entity3104 adsorption was observed when the silt and clay content of CSL was greater than 3%. This study revealed that the @entity1507 leaching was caused by nitrification during dry days. Various patterns of @entity1507 flushing were observed depending on the soil configuration. The washout of @entity1507 was more severe as the silt/clay content of the CSL was greater. However, proper layering of soil proved to enhance the @entity1507 removal. Consequently, a strictly sandy CSL over FSL with a silt and clay content of 10% was the best configuration for the removal of @entity3104 and @entity1507 .

title: Removal of XXXX by a layered soil infiltration system during intermittent storm events.

entities_list: @entity3104 :: ('MESH:D000644', 'Chemical') :: ['ammonium']

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen']

entities_list: @entity1507 :: ('CHEBI:48107', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrate']

answer: @entity1568 :: (MESH:D009584,Chemical) :: ['nitrogen']


abstract: AIM: This study investigated the fate of the stent inner surface in @entity2998 ( @entity2998 ). In addition, the occurrence of @entity999 after @entity2998 has been studied in order to identify predictors and correlate it with a possible neo-intimal layer. METHODS: A series of @entity1 were evaluated before @entity2998 through aortic arch trans-oesophageal echocardiography. Six months after @entity2998 , the stent coverage by neo-intima and the possible presence of uncovered plaques were determined by high-resolution duplex scanning (5-17-Hz probe and 3D reconstruction). Possible @entity887 ( @entity887 ) were evaluated through transcranial duplex scanning (30-min analysis of ipsilateral middle cerebral artery with a 1-4-Hz probe) and correlated with @entity1 ' characteristics, @entity1004 ( @entity1004 ) (>0.9mm vs. <0.9mm) and uncovered proximal plaques, type of stent (closed vs. open cells) and aortic arch complicated plaques (>4mm). Fisher's and Wilcoxon tests were used to evaluate differences across groups for categorical and continuous variables, respectively. RESULTS: In the 68 CASs examined (40 closed cells and 28 open cells), the stent was completely covered by neo-intima in 52 cases (76.4%). Complete coverage was significantly correlated with @entity1004 <0.9mm and the absence of a proximal plaque uncovered by the stent (100% vs. 0%, p<0.001). @entity101 was an independent predictor of complete intimal coverage (p=0.002), while the stent type did not influence this process. The @entity887 were significantly more frequent in @entity1 with complicated aortic arch plaques (62.5% vs. 23.8%, p<0.012), independently from all other factors. CONCLUSIONS: The extent of the stent neo-intimal formation is independent of stent type, but it is correlated with proximal plaque coverage. Six months after @entity2998 , @entity887 are still possible and are not prevented by complete neo-intimal stent coverage. Complicated aortic arch @entity731 is an independent predictor of late MES, thus underlying its importance in @entity1779 onset.

title: The residual risk of @entity999 after carotid stenting: the complex interplay between stent coverage and aortic arch XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1004 :: ('MESH:C563733', 'Disease') :: ['intimal media thickness', 'IMT']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['Hypertension']

entities_list: @entity999 :: ('MESH:D020766', 'Disease') :: ['late cerebral micro-embolism']

entities_list: @entity2998 :: ('MESH:D002340', 'Disease') :: ['carotid artery stenting', 'CAS']

entities_list: @entity887 :: ('MESH:D004617', 'Disease') :: ['micro-embolic signals', 'MESs']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral ischaemia']

answer: @entity731 :: (MESH:D050197,Disease) :: ['atherosclerosis']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: We report our experience involving a rare case of ileum @entity46 complicated with @entity1744 . PRESENTATION OF CASE: 33 years old female @entity1 , admitted to emergency service with @entity490 , @entity1661 , and @entity391 . Abdominal X- @entity16039 showed dilated small bowel loops. Computerized tomography scan showed dilated small intestine segments excepting last ileum loop, @entity356 , enlarged ovaries. Emergency laparotomy was performed, showing @entity697 due to a stenotic @entity5 placed on the terminal ileum, cecum @entity5 , @entity5 in Douglas pouch, multiple mesenteric enlarged lymph nodes. Right colectomy is performed with an ileo-transverso stomy placed in right hypochondrium. Postoperative evolution without complication, @entity1 discharged after 13-days hospitalization. After hormonal treatment, she returned for a second look and ileotransverso @entity254 . DISCUSSION: Gastrointestinal involvement of @entity46 has been found in 3%-37% of menstruating @entity1 . Ileum localization is very rare (1%-7%), causing intestinal obstruction 7%-23% of cases. Intraoperative differential diagnosis is difficult, predisposing at @entity911 with other types of @entity5 . In the absence of fast microscopic exam, the @entity5 was considered malignant and imposed a right hemicolectomy. CONCLUSION: @entity1321 due to ileum @entity46 is a rare condition, however, it should always be considered in the differential diagnosis in @entity1 of reproductive age.

title: A rare case of ileus caused by ileum XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute bowel obstruction']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'multiple tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity1661 :: ('MESH:D000008', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal distension']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity46 :: ('MESH:D004715', 'Disease') :: ['endometriosis']

entities_list: @entity911 :: ('MESH:D003221', 'Disease') :: ['confusion']

entities_list: @entity1321 :: ('MESH:D007415', 'Disease') :: ['Intestinal obstruction']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity1744 :: ('MESH:D043183', 'Disease') :: ['small bowel obstruction']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric distension']

answer: @entity46 :: (MESH:D004715,Disease) :: ['endometriosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study prevalence and management of @entity322 in institutes and to recommend improved strategies of managing this problem. METHOD: A one-day census of ten geriatric assessment and rehabilitation services and nursing homes was undertaken to estimate the extent and management of @entity322 in Victoria. The definition of @entity322 was extended to include @entity1 with 'dependent continence', i.e. being dry of urine only as a result of being reminded or physically assisted. RESULTS: A total of 1659 @entity1 , comprising 333 short-stay and 1326 nursing home type @entity1 , was surveyed. The mean age was 77 and 81 years respectively. Only 43% and 23% of these @entity1 respectively were independently continent, whilst 26% and 11% respectively of all @entity1 were dependent continent. @entity322 occurred once or more per day in 85% of these @entity1 and had usually been present for at least one month. There was a high association between @entity322 and physical and mental infirmity. Dependent continent @entity1 were as physically handicapped as their wet counterparts. A diverse range of management strategies, including various toileting programmes, was employed to deal with the @entity322 . It is concluded that @entity322 is more common than reported in previous studies, largely as a result of the additional group of @entity1 with dependent continence, a condition that often can be achieved. Proposed management protocols are outlined which aim to define different population subgroups that might respond more effectively to the various interventions available. The need for follow-up appraisal of these interventions is emphasized.

title: Improving management of XXXX in geriatric centres and nursing homes. Victorian Geriatricians Peer Review Group.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['Incontinence', 'urinary incontinence', 'incontinence']

answer: @entity322 :: (MESH:D014549,Disease) :: ['urinary incontinence']


abstract: BACKGROUND INFORMATION: Cell motility entails the reorganization of the cytoskeleton and membrane trafficking for effective protrusion. The GIT-PIX protein complexes are involved in the regulation of cell motility and adhesion and in the endocytic traffic of members of the family of G-protein-coupled receptors. We have investigated the function of the endogenous GIT complexes in the regulation of cell motility stimulated by fMLP ( @entity5037 ) peptide, in a @entity35 basophilic @entity1778 @entity35 cell line stably expressing an HA (haemagglutinin)-tagged receptor for the fMLP peptide. RESULTS: Our analysis shows that RBL cells stably transfected with the chemoattractant receptor expressed both @entity28357 -PIX and @entity28358 -PIX endogenous complexes. We have used silencing of the different members of the complex by small interfering RNAs to study the effects on a number of events linked to agonist-induced cell migration. We found that cell adhesion was not affected by depletion of any of the proteins of the GIT complex, whereas agonist-enhanced cell spreading was inhibited. Analysis of agonist-stimulated haptotactic cell migration indicated a specific positive effect of @entity28357 depletion on trans-well migration. The internalization of the @entity435 -peptide receptor was also inhibited by depletion of @entity28357 and @entity28358 . The effects of the GIT complexes on trafficking of the receptors was confirmed by an antibody-enhanced agonist-induced internalization assay, showing that depletion of PIX, @entity28357 or @entity28358 protein caused decreased perinuclear accumulation of internalized receptors. CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that endogenous GIT complexes are involved in the regulation of chemoattractant-induced cell motility and receptor trafficking, and support previous findings indicating an important function of the GIT complexes in the regulation of different G-protein-coupled receptors. Our results also indicate that endogenous @entity28357 and @entity28358 regulate distinct subsets of agonist-induced responses and suggest a possible functional link between the control of receptor trafficking and the regulation of cell motility by GIT proteins.

title: The GIT-PIX complexes regulate the chemotactic response of @entity35 basophilic XXXX cells.

entities_list: @entity5037 :: ('MESH:D009240', 'Chemical') :: ['formyl-Met-Leu-Phe']

entities_list: @entity1778 :: ('MESH:D007938', 'Disease') :: ['leukaemia']

entities_list: @entity435 :: ('CHEBI:42485', 'Chemical') :: ['formyl']

answer: @entity1778 :: (MESH:D007938,Disease) :: ['leukaemia']


abstract: The control of cell multiplication and differentiation by @entity5 -promoting @entity4996 including @entity864 ( @entity865 ) has been studied with different clones of @entity19 @entity2800 cells, a line of @entity1 @entity2800 cells, and normal @entity19 bone marrow myeloblasts. @entity865 induced normal cell differentiation in one of the @entity19 leukemic clones and this was mediated by induction of the protein inducer of differentiation to macrophages or granulocytes (MGI) in the cells that then differentiated. Other @entity19 clones were not induced to differentiate by @entity865 . In one of these clones, @entity865 induced cell susceptibility to externally added MGI. This effect was not due to a general induction of susceptibility to all compounds because @entity865 did not induce susceptibility to lypopolysaccharide or @entity619 in this clone. In the @entity1 leukemic cell line, @entity865 also induced differentiation with the induction of MGI activity and enhanced susceptibility to added MGI. It is suggested that the clonal differences in induction of MGI activity and increased susceptibility to MGI may be associated with differences in receptors for @entity865 and the ability of @entity865 to modify receptors for MGI. Studies with normal bone marrow cells have indicated that @entity865 stimulated MGI activity and also increased susceptibility of normal myeloblasts to induction of multiplication by MGI. The ability of different @entity4996 to produce these effects on normal myeloblasts and @entity2800 cells paralleled their ability to act as @entity5 promoters. The results indicate that a @entity5 promoter such as @entity865 can induce the production of and increase cell susceptibility to a normal regulator of cell multiplication and differentiation. @entity865 has pleiotropic effects. It is suggested that, by these mechanisms, @entity865 may thus act as a @entity5 promoter by increasing cell multiplication in initiated cells, induce differentiation in some cells, or inhibit differentiation in other cells, depending on which molecules are being regulated in the @entity865 -treated cells.

title: Regulation of normal differentiation in @entity19 and @entity1 XXXX cells by @entity4996 and the mechanism of @entity5 promotion.

entities_list: @entity2800 :: ('MESH:D007951', 'Disease') :: ['myeloid leukemic']

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['dexamethasone']

entities_list: @entity864 :: ('MESH:C554292|MESH:D013755', 'Chemical') :: ['12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate']

entities_list: @entity4996 :: ('MESH:D010703', 'Chemical') :: ['phorbol esters']

answer: @entity2800 :: (MESH:D007951,Disease) :: ['myeloid leukemic']


abstract: PURPOSE: To estimate the risk of undertreatment in hippocampal-sparing whole brain radiotherapy (HS-WBRT). METHODS: Eight hundred and fifty six @entity3 were contoured together with the hippocampi in cranial MRIs of 100 @entity1 . For each @entity3 , the distance to the closest hippocampus was calculated. Treatment plans for 10 @entity1 were calculated and linear dose profiles were established. For @entity4153 and NSCLC, dose-response curves were created based on data from studies on prophylactic cranial irradiation, allowing estimating the risk for @entity177 . RESULTS: Only 0.4% of @entity3 were located inside a hippocampus in 3% of all @entity1 . @entity4153 showed a relatively high rate of hippocampal @entity3 (18.2% of all @entity4153 @entity1 ) and HS-WBRT in a commonly applied fractionation scheme would increase the risk for brain relapse by    4% compared to conventional WBRT. NSCLC showed a lower rate of brain @entity3 in the hippocampi (2.8%) and HS-WBRT would account for a slightly increased absolute risk of 0.2%. CONCLUSIONS: Prophylactic or therapeutic HS-WBRT is expected to be associated with a low risk of undertreatment. For @entity4153 , it bears a minimally elevated risk of failure compared to standard WBRT. In NSCLC, HS-WBRT is most likely not associated with a clinically relevant increase in risk of failure.

title: Estimation of XXXX risk following hippocampal-sparing whole brain radiotherapy.

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial failure']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'metastases']

answer: @entity177 :: (MESH:D051437,Disease) :: ['intracranial failure']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine conditional survival rates of 2-year survivors of @entity135 and to identify risk factors of increased mortality. DESIGN: Prospective, observational study conducted from September 1, 2001, through September 31, 2008. SETTING: Tertiary care institution. @entity1 : Two hundred seventy-six @entity1 who survived 2 years after the diagnosis of their upper aerodigestive @entity189 . INTERVENTION: @entity1 prospectively provided health-related information. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcomes were observed ( @entity204 from all causes) and disease-specific ( @entity5 -related) survival for 2-year survivors. RESULTS: Five-year observed (90.8%) and disease-specific (94.8%) survival rates were 29.7 and 25.0 percentage points higher, respectively, than rates calculated for all @entity1 at diagnosis. Older age and advanced stage were associated with poorer survival, whether @entity204 was due to the @entity5 or from all causes. @entity1 with @entity158 or poor overall quality of life at 2 years were more likely to die from all causes, whereas those still smoking 2 years after diagnosis were more likely to die from their @entity5 . CONCLUSIONS: In addition to older age and advanced stage, @entity158 , poor overall quality of life, and @entity286 use 2 years after diagnosis characterize @entity1 who might need longer and more intense follow-up care to improve their observed and disease-specific survival. This information is useful in developing management plans for @entity1 transitioning from a focus on @entity5 surveillance into survivorship.

title: Factors associated with mortality in 2-year survivors of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

answer: @entity135 :: (MESH:D006258,Disease) :: ['head and neck cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine the causes of @entity221 in @entity1 presenting to our hospital following an extremely heavy rainfall event in the city of Mumbai in 2005. The clinical and laboratory manifestations of @entity2926 and @entity779 together with their outcomes are also described. METHODS: This was an observational study conducted from 26 July to 30 November 2005. The diagnosis of @entity2926 was confirmed by a positive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test. The diagnosis of @entity779 was confirmed by a positive immunoglobulin (IgM) antibody capture ELISA test. Clinical features of @entity1 with and without @entity2926 , respectively, and with and without @entity779 , respectively, were analysed. RESULTS: A total of 602 @entity1 (age range 1 month to 12 years) admitted to our hospital for @entity221 with no obvious focus of @entity281 were enrolled in the study. Of these, 30 had @entity311 , 11 had enteric @entity221 and seven had @entity325 . Twenty-seven @entity1 had @entity2926 . Three clinical features were significantly associated with @entity2926 : flood water contact, @entity925 and conjunctival suffusion. Eighty-one @entity1 had @entity779 . All @entity1 responded well to the treatment and were released to go home. Four clinical features were significantly associated with @entity779 , namely, giddiness, @entity490 , @entity1910 and @entity548 manifestations. CONCLUSIONS: Based on this review of the clinical and laboratory features of @entity779 and @entity2926 , we conclude that following the heavy rainfall event on 26 July 2005, there was a concurrent outbreak of @entity2926 and @entity779 among @entity1 presenting to our hospital.

title: Clinical manifestations of @entity2926 in XXXX in Mumbai: an observational study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2926 :: ('MESH:D007922', 'Disease') :: ['leptospirosis']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity325 :: ('MESH:D060085', 'Disease') :: ['mixed infections']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity779 :: ('MESH:D003715', 'Disease') :: ['dengue fever', 'dengue']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['fever', 'acute febrile illness']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of @entity31742 ( @entity31742 ) antibodies in @entity785 ( @entity785 ) and to assess any association between the presence of anti- @entity31742 , radiographic features, and clinical manifestations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Anti- @entity31742 antibodies and rheumatoid factor (RF) were tested in serum samples from 75 @entity1 with @entity785 (64 @entity1 and 11 @entity1 ), with a mean age of 59.4 years (range 24-85) with either diffuse (dcSSc) and limited (lcSSc) cutaneous involvement. As a control group, 22 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs) were examined. Standard radiographs of the hands and wrists were examined in each @entity1 . RESULTS: The presence of anti- @entity31742 was found in sera of 10.6% (8/75) @entity1 with @entity785 (lcSSc 3 of 44, 6.8%; dcSSc 5 of 31, 16.1%). None of the HCs was positive for anti- @entity31742 . The positivity of RF was observed in 19 of 75 (25.3%) @entity785 @entity1 (lcSSc 10 of 44, 22.7%; dcSSc 9 of 31, 29%). Statistically significant association was found between anti- @entity31742 positivity and the presence of @entity625 (p<0.0001) and @entity3067 (p=0.001). CONCLUSION: Our data show that joint involvement is a common presenting feature of @entity785 . In this report, we show that anti- @entity31742 antibodies can be detected also in @entity1 with @entity785 , but they are generally less commonly present than in adults with @entity309 ( @entity309 ). Thus, the finding of high titers of anti- @entity31742 antibodies may help to define the diagnosis of overlap syndrome @entity785 / @entity309 and facilitate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

title: Use of antibodies recognizing cyclic citrullinated peptide in the differential diagnosis of joint involvement in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'women', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity31742 :: ('MESH:C536207', 'Disease') :: ['CCP', 'anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['arthritis']

entities_list: @entity3067 :: ('MESH:C531609', 'Disease') :: ['marginal erosions']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA']

entities_list: @entity785 :: ('MESH:D012595', 'Disease') :: ['systemic sclerosis', 'SSc']

answer: @entity785 :: (MESH:D012595,Disease) :: ['systemic sclerosis']


abstract: The prevalence and characteristics of @entity439 were identified by transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) in a multicenter prospective study. One hundred and seventy-seven consecutive @entity1 were evaluated in 2 years and 2 groups were compared: Group 1, 51 @entity1 with documented @entity2806 event; Group 2, 126 @entity1 affected by @entity299 referred for other reasons. Group 1 included @entity1 selected among 352 @entity1 admitted to the Neurological and Geriatric Division of our Hospital in the period of this study. @entity1 with @entity64 -related @entity66 and @entity1 with a negative TC scan were excluded from this study. @entity439 was identified in 15 @entity1 : 8 in Group 1 (16%), and 7 in Group 2 (5%), with a significant statistical difference between the groups (p = 0.02). All @entity1 with @entity439 underwent before TEE transthoracic echocardiography, leading to a correct diagnosis in 10 of 15 cases (66%); all @entity1 underwent 24-hours ECG monitoring. A right to left shunt was detected by contrast echocardiography in 9 @entity1 , 6 in Group 1 and 3 in Group 2, (NS). A more pronounced shunt was evident in Group 1. There was no difference between the 2 groups with regard to associated @entity299 , @entity943 and type of @entity439 . The thickness of the septum was greater in Group 1, with significant statistical difference (p = 0.002). It is concluded that @entity439 , diagnosed by TEE, is a potential source of @entity887 .

title: [Evaluation of XXXX with transesophageal echocardiography in @entity2806 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['carotid lesions']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral ischemia']

entities_list: @entity887 :: ('MESH:D004617', 'Disease') :: ['embolic events']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['Atrial septal aneurysm', 'atrial septal aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac disease']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmias']

answer: @entity439 :: (MESH:D000783,Disease) :: ['atrial septum aneurysm']


abstract: The clinical findings in 125 @entity1 with surgically confirmed @entity5513 are presented, with special regard to the involvement of the intermedius nerve in the diagnosis. In assessing the function of the intermedius nerve the examination of the nasolacrimal reflex and the sensation of taste on the anterior two-thirds of the tongue are used. The methods of investigation are described in detail. The material consisted of 20 medium-sized and 105 large @entity5 ; no intracanalicular @entity5 was found. @entity393 was the initial symptom in 85% of the @entity1 , 10% had tinitus and 4% vertigo as the first symptom. Apart from the @entity797 @entity129 , a defective nasolacrimal reflex was the most significant evidence of cerebellopontine angle pathology. The test was positive in 65% of the medium-sized @entity5 , in the entire material, 85%. The figures are higher than the incidence of trigeminal nerve symptoms. This in contrast to the reports of most authors. The tests described are simple and quick to perform, and it is emphasized that they should be applied to all @entity1 with @entity393 of unknown origin.

title: Intermedius nerve involvement and testing in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity129 :: ('MESH:D003389', 'Disease') :: ['cranial nerve symptoms']

entities_list: @entity5513 :: ('MESH:D009464', 'Disease') :: ['acoustic neuromas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumours']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['Hearing loss', 'unilateral hearing loss']

answer: @entity5513 :: (MESH:D009464,Disease) :: ['acoustic neuromas']


abstract: Several hemolytic plaque assays using spleen cells from @entity35 immunized with @entity742 or @entity19 erythrocytes were compared. Modifications of the assays were made to define optimal conditions. Mrbc in assays with @entity840 complement yield a much reduced number of plaques than is observed when @entity1 complement is used. In contrast, no difference in numbers is noted with @entity35138 regardless of complement source. The use of @entity35138 in an assay technique that does not employ agarose is more sensitive than techniques that require agarose; the result is a 50-100% increase in the number of plaques. This @entity101 was observed with either @entity840 or @entity1 complement. In contrast, there was considerable clumping of Mrbc in the absence of agarose which tended to obscure distinct plaque formation. Increased sensitivity of plaque development for @entity35138 in the absence of agarose was due to increased numbers of direct (IgM) plaque detection and not to concomitant detection of cells producing IgG (indirect plaques). Maximal detection of plaques with Mrbc was observed when @entity1 complement was used in assays containing agarose. These assays gave a threefold @entity101 when compared with assays without agarose. It is evident from the above that the most sensitive and reproducible hemolytic plaque assay to be used by an investigator will depend primarily upon the antigen, and on reagents selected for the test.

title: Comparison of three hemolytic plaque assays using XXXX and @entity19 erythrocytes as antigens in @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['increase in plaque numbers', 'increase in plaque number']

answer: @entity742 :: (9940,Species) :: ['sheep']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity34 ( @entity34 ) has been widely performed for @entity3657 . However, the high restenosis rate after @entity34 remains a major problem in @entity1 on hemodialysis. Recent studies suggest that @entity1851 ( @entity1851 ) reflects vascular wall @entity32 and can predict adverse events. We evaluated the possible prognostic values of @entity1851 on outcomes in hemodialysis @entity1 undergoing @entity34 . METHODS: A total of 234 hemodialysis @entity1 undergoing @entity34 for @entity3657 were enrolled and followed-up for up to 5 years. They were divided into tertiles according to serum @entity1851 levels (lowest tertile, < 1.4 mg/L; middle tertile, 1.4-6.0 mg/L; highest tertile, >=  6.0 mg/L). We analyzed the incidence of any reintervention or above-ankle amputation of the limb index (RAO) and any-cause @entity204 . RESULTS: Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the event-free rate from the composite end point of RAO and any-cause @entity204 for 5 years was 60.2% in the lowest tertile, 50.0% in the middle tertile, and 25.1% in the highest tertile (P < .0001). The survival rate from any-cause @entity204 for 5 years was 81.5% in the lowest tertile, 65.2% in the middle tertile, and 59.3% in the highest tertile (P = .0078). Even after adjusting for other risk factors at baseline, preprocedural @entity1851 levels were a significant predictive factor for RAO and any-cause @entity204 after @entity34 in a multivariable Cox analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Elevated preprocedural serum @entity1851 levels were associated with RAO and any-cause @entity204 after @entity34 in hemodialysis @entity1 with @entity3657 .

title: Prognostic values of @entity1851 levels on clinical outcome after endovascular therapy in hemodialysis @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity34 :: ('MESH:D016609', 'Disease') :: ['EVT', 'Endovascular therapy']

entities_list: @entity3657 :: ('MESH:D058729', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral artery disease']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein', 'CRP']

answer: @entity3657 :: (MESH:D058729,Disease) :: ['peripheral artery disease']


abstract: The EEG background activity reflects the functional state of the brain. The established sensitivity of EEG to drug intoxication and in particular to @entity734 ( @entity734 ) made that EEG has become useful as an objective measure for monitoring chronic AED therapy and in investigation of cognitive functions. Therapy with classical @entity734 has become associated with slowing of EEG background rhythm and the EEG changes correlated to changes on cognitive measures. So far, it has not been tested whether the relatively new AED, @entity4677 (LEV) has a detrimental effect on the EEG background frequencies, too. METHODS: During the time of 6 months 28 @entity1 underwent EEG-recording and neuropsychological testing at the three timepoints: before initiating LEV therapy, after 2 months and again after 4 months after achieving plateau dosing of LEV. EEG background frequency was analysed by using the fast Fourier Transform (FFT). RESULTS: The titration and the following treatment with LEV add-on showed no negative effect on any of the measures analysed. In particular it did not lead to the lower peak frequency within the alpha band, it neither decreased the percentage of alpha band nor increase the percentage of theta and delta band. In addition there could be noticed an increase of the percentage of beta band. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings demonstrate, that a LEV add-on therapy is not associated with a slowing of the EEG background frequency. This is in accordance with neuropsychological reports of our own lab and others showing that LEV add-on therapy has no negative effects on cognitive functions, either.

title: Impact of XXXX add-on therapy on different EEG occipital frequencies in epileptic @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity4677 :: ('MESH:C026098', 'Chemical') :: ['levetiracetam']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['antiepileptic drugs', 'AEDs']

answer: @entity4677 :: (MESH:C026098,Chemical) :: ['levetiracetam']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity1717 ( @entity1717 ) is a genetically @entity74 with both familial and sporadic variants. @entity1 with @entity1717 may present during the neonatal period, infancy, or childhood and may show transient, prolonged, and persistent features. In this study, we aimed to discuss our experience with @entity1717 @entity1 , based on a series of 17 @entity1 . METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical and laboratory characteristics at the time of diagnosis and during treatment and evaluated the neurodevelopmental outcomes during follow-up in 17 @entity1717 @entity1 , who presented or were referred to the Pediatric Endocrinology Clinic of Dr. Sami Ulus Training and Research @entity1 's Hospital between 1998 and 2011. The @entity1 (7 male, 10 female) were aged between the first day of life and 7 years - 10 were in their first week of life, 6 in their infancy, and 1 in childhood. RESULTS: None of the mothers had gestational @entity6 . @entity410 (76.5%) was the most common presenting symptom. Medical treatment failed in two @entity1 , and was stopped in eight @entity1 . Of two @entity6335 -unresponsive @entity1 , one underwent near-total pancreatectomy, but hypoglycaemic episodes continued after surgery. The parents of other @entity1 refused surgery, the medical treatment was continued, nevertheless, severe motor and @entity1032 developed. At follow-up, 23.5% of the @entity1 were found to have mild or moderate @entity1155 , and 23.5% developed @entity302 . There was no marked difference in neurological results between cases with onset in the neonatal period or in infancy. CONCLUSIONS: Clinical course and treatment response in @entity1717 cases are very heterogeneous. Long-term careful monitoring is needed to detect and treat the complications.

title: XXXX : experience in a series of 17 cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'Children', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['Hypoglycemic seizure']

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['mental retardation']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity6335 :: ('MESH:D003981', 'Chemical') :: ['diazoxide']

entities_list: @entity1717 :: ('MESH:D044903', 'Disease') :: ['HIH', 'Hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['heterogeneous disorder']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity1155 :: ('MESH:D011596', 'Disease') :: ['psychomotor retardation']

answer: @entity1717 :: (MESH:D044903,Disease) :: ['Hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia']


abstract: In a health education pilot study for a programme to reduce @entity645 transmission among commercial sex workers (CSWs), 113 CSWs were interviewed and observed in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe during 1989. The educational level of the sample was low and less than a quarter had another job, either as a self-employed vendor/hawker or a domestic servant. Inability to earn income in other ways was the major reason cited for engaging in commercial sex. Nearly half the sample went for check-ups every 3 months or more often. All interviewees had heard about @entity791 , but they were uniformed about several facets of @entity791 . CSWs reported that they worked an average of 3.6 nights a week, averaged 1.3 clients a night and charged a mean of U.S.  2.8 a session and U.S.  6.5 a night. CSWs reportedly saw a total of 221 clients in the past 7 days and used condoms with 87 (39.3%) clients. Nearly all CSWs said they had done something to reduce the risk of getting @entity791 , but when asked what they had done, only 40% said they were using condoms more frequently and many cited ineffective precautions. CSWs who had a job, charged higher fees, experienced @entity306 and believed that they were susceptible to @entity791 were more likely to use condoms. Clients were a cross-section of Bulawayo society, with widely varying education, incomes and occupations and shared little except an interest in commercial sex. Ethnographic approaches demonstrated a lack of cohesion among CSWs and a consequent need to foster organized, motivated groups for health education, the importance of incorporating clients in health education and the feasibility of using bar security and sales personnel as health educators. It is concluded that health education is urgently needed among CSWs, but that it is equally important to direct health interventions at clients, many of whom are resistant to condom use.

title: A pilot study for an XXXX prevention programme among commercial sex workers in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe.

entities_list: @entity306 :: ('MESH:D002547', 'Disease') :: ['little client violence']

answer: @entity645 :: (57667,Species) :: ['HIV']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Following extracorporeal cardiac surgery, transient @entity296 (stunning) and cellular damage may develop in relation, among other mechanisms, to the production of free radicals (FR) during reperfusion. The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether @entity3371 ( @entity93 ), an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor with a thiolic group, which has been shown to be useful as an antioxidant agent both in in vitro and in vivo studies, can prevent emergence of those problems when used as pretreatment within 24 hours in @entity1 undergoing valvular cardiac surgery. METHODS:                 <AbstractText Label="EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN" NlmCategory="METHODS">prospective and randomized study. Comparison of data pre-ischemic (pre-aortic clamping) and post-reperfusion (post-cardiac rewarming) was performed. Ejection fraction was compared pre-surgery, after surgery and after 3 months. SETTING: cardiology and cardiovascular surgery services in a general hospital. @entity1 OR @entity1 : thirty @entity1 who had to undergo valvular replacement surgery were randomly allocated to two similar groups, one group pretreated with @entity3371 ( @entity93 group, n = 15) and the other group without it (CON group, n = 15). Exclusion criteria (left ventricular ejection fraction <40%, evidence of angiographic @entity301 or prior @entity583 and peroperative @entity583 ). INTERVENTION: in @entity93 group, the dose of @entity3371 administered was 12.5 mg every 8 hours orally, from 24 hours before. MEASURES: using electron microscopy of myocardial biopsies taken prior to aortic clamping and post-reperfusion, a semi-quantitative analysis was performed on the degree of @entity16 ( @entity16 ), @entity2383 ( @entity2383 ), @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and content in glycogen granules (GLY). Left ventricular ejection fraction was evaluated isotopically at three timepoints, preoperatively (EF1), at 2-3 days ( @entity29959 ) and at 3 months (EF3). Also, analytical data were collected from the coronary sinus to determine @entity908 phosphokinase (CPK) and activity of the angiotensin converting enzyme ( @entity1289 ). RESULTS: We noted that, in general, cellular damage resulting from valvular surgery is low, the degree of @entity2383 and @entity4 being lower in the @entity93 group. In the @entity93 group, however, there is a stunning phenomenon (EF1: 54.9+/-6.9%; @entity29959 : 50.8+/-8.5%; EF3: 57.7+/-7.7%) which does not occur in the CON group (EF1: 58.0+/-8.3%; @entity29959 : 60.8+/-10.9%; EF3: 63.0+/-9.3%). CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that the cellular damage caused during valvular replacement surgery is small, and emphasize that pretreatment with @entity93 further minimizes both @entity2383 and @entity4 ; however, for reasons as yet unknown, @entity93 pretreatment may induce @entity1562 , an indication that at these low rates of cellular damage, @entity93 has no beneficial effect, either because it is ineffective as an antioxidant agent or because FR formation has little repercussion in @entity1 beings, pointing out to the likely existence of other mechanisms that may induce an appearance of postsurgical @entity1562 .

title: Stunned XXXX and cellular damage in @entity1 undergoing valvular cardiac surgery and pretreated with @entity3371 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'human', 'PATIENTS', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary disease']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['SRS', 'sarcoplasmic reticulum swelling']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['MD', 'myocytic damage']

entities_list: @entity908 :: ('MESH:D003401', 'Chemical') :: ['creatine']

entities_list: @entity3371 :: ('CHEBI:3380', 'Chemical') :: ['captopril']

entities_list: @entity1562 :: ('MESH:D017682', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial stunning']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity2383 :: ('MESH:D028361', 'Disease') :: ['MS', 'mitochondrial swelling']

answer: @entity1562 :: (MESH:D017682,Disease) :: ['myocardium']


abstract: @entity172 -related Receptors (ERR) are members of the @entity479 hormone receptor superfamily of transcription factors that regulate expression of genes required for energy metabolism including mitochondrial biogenesis, @entity844 oxidation and oxidative phosphorylation. While ERRa and EPPy isoforms are known to share a wide array of target genes in the adult myocardium, the function of @entity20056 has not been characterized in cardiomyocytes. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of @entity20056 in regulating energy metabolism in adult cardiomyocytes in primary culture. Adult feline cardiomyocytes were electrically stimulated to contract in either @entity519 (0.5% @entity3612 ) or normoxia (21% O2). As compared to baseline values measured in normoxia, @entity20056 mRNA levels increased significantly after 8 hours of @entity519 and remained elevated over 24 h. Conversely, @entity20056 mRNA decreased to normoxic levels after 4 hours of reoxygenation. @entity519 increased expression of the a and b isoforms of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor y Coactivator-1 ( @entity6217 ) mRNA by 6-fold and 3-fold, respectively. Knockdown of @entity20056 expression via adenoviral-mediated delivery of @entity20056 shRNA blocked @entity519 -induced increases in @entity8833 mRNA, but not @entity6217 mRNA. Loss of @entity20056 had no effect on mtDNA content as measured after 24 h of @entity519 . To determine whether loss of @entity20056 affected mitochondrial function, @entity26 consumption rates (OCR) were measured in contracting versus quiescent cardiomyocytes in normoxia. OCR was significantly lower in contracting cardiomyocytes expressing @entity20056 shRNA than scrambled shRNA controls. Maximal OCR also was reduced by @entity20056 knockdown. IN CONCLUSION: 1) @entity519 increases in @entity20056 mRNA expression in contracting cardiomyocytes; 2) @entity20056 is required for induction of the @entity8833 isoform in response to @entity519 ; 3) @entity20056 expression is required to sustain OCR in normoxic conditions.

title: Increased expression of @entity172 -related receptor b during adaptation of adult cardiomyocytes to sustained XXXX .

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['Estrogen']

entities_list: @entity844 :: ('CHEBI:35366', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['Hypoxia', 'hypoxia']

answer: @entity519 :: (MESH:D000860,Disease) :: ['hypoxia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity1 with @entity2917 ( @entity2917 ) could serve as a clinical model to study the effects of mechanical stretch in the electrical properties of @entity955 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied 14 @entity1 with @entity2917 . Peak, mean and minimal atrial pressures, atrial refractoriness (ERP) in the right atrial appendage and high right atrial lateral wall and monophasic action potential duration at 90% of repolarisation (MAPd90) in the right atrial appendage were assessed during atrial pacing at 500 and 400 ms and after 2 min of pacing at the @entity591 cycle length. Measurements were repeated from the same positions after ventricular pacing at the same cycle lengths and after 2 min of @entity591 . Susceptibility to @entity955 ( @entity955 ) was assessed by noting whether @entity955 was induced during ERP evaluation. RESULTS: Atrial pressure showed a statistically significant increase during ventricular pacing compared to baseline. This increase remained substantially unchanged when the @entity591 was induced. A significant reduction in atrial ERP and MAPd90 was also observed during ventricular pacing at all cycle lengths compared to atrial pacing. Two minutes of spontaneous @entity591 were enough to change the atrial ERP and MAPd90 to values significantly lower than those during atrial pacing at the cycle length of @entity591 . During the ERP evaluation @entity955 was induced more often during the @entity591 (28%) than during ventricular (14%) and atrial pacing (0%). CONCLUSION: In @entity2917 @entity1 , ventricular pacing and reentrant @entity591 significantly increase right atrial pressures and subsequently shorten ERP and MAPd90, leading to an enhanced propensity for @entity955 .

title: Evidence of mechanoelectric feedback in the atria of XXXX with @entity2917 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity2917 :: ('MESH:D013611', 'Disease') :: ['AVNRT', 'atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation', 'AF', 'atrial myocardium']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Mild @entity131 ( @entity131 ) are common in athletes, military personnel, and the elderly, and increasing evidence indicates that these injuries have long-term health effects. However, the difficulty in detecting these mild injuries in vivo is a significant impediment to understanding the underlying pathology and treating mild @entity131 . In the following experiments, we present the results of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and histological analysis of a model of mild repetitive closed-skull @entity1545 in @entity19 . Histological markers used included @entity575 staining and @entity15370 ( @entity15370 ) immunohistochemistry to detect @entity21 , and @entity9271 immunohistochemistry to assess microglial activation. At 24h post-injury, before @entity575 staining or microglial abnormalities were apparent by histology, no significant changes in any of the DTI parameters were observed within white matter. At 7 days post-injury we observed a reduction in axial and mean diffusivity. Relative anisotropy at 7 days correlated strongly with the degree of @entity575 staining. Interestingly, @entity15370 was not observed at any timepoint examined. In addition to the white matter alterations, mean diffusivity was elevated in ipsilateral cortex at 24h but returned to sham levels by 7 days. Altogether, this demonstrates that DTI is a sensitive method for detecting @entity21 despite a lack of conventional @entity15370 pathology. Further, this reflects a need to better understand the histological basis for DTI signal changes in mild @entity131 .

title: Diffusion tensor imaging detects @entity21 in a @entity19 model of repetitive closed-skull traumatic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1545 :: ('MESH:D020214', 'Disease') :: ['brain injury']

entities_list: @entity15370 :: ('11820(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['APP', 'amyloid precursor protein']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['TBI', 'traumatic brain injuries']

entities_list: @entity21 :: ('MESH:D001480', 'Disease') :: ['axonal injury']

answer: @entity1545 :: (MESH:D020214,Disease) :: ['brain injury']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare @entity2840 ( @entity2840 ) measurements obtained from normal @entity235 using a spectral-domain optical coherence tomography device (SD-OCT) and an ultrasonic pachymeter. ANIMALS: Fifteen clinically normal @entity235 . PROCEDURES: @entity235 were briefly anesthetized with @entity1875 . Central corneal thickness measurements were obtained from both eyes of each animal four times by one operator using a SD-OCT system. The @entity2840 was automatically calculated using the pachymetry software generated from eight radial scans, 6 mm in length. Ultrasonic pachymetry was then performed in both eyes of each animal by one operator five times in succession. The @entity2840 was recorded for each modality and compared statistically for agreement and bias. RESULTS: Fifteen @entity235 (seven castrated male, eight spayed female) with a mean age of 2.3    1.3 years were examined. The mean @entity2840 for all eyes examined via SD-OCT and ultrasonic pachymetry (velocity set at 1636 m/s) was 587.72    32.44  m and 598.54    32.28  m, respectively. Ultrasonic pachymetry consistently overestimated @entity2840 as compared to OCT by a mean value of 10.82  m (P < 0.0001). No significant difference in @entity2840 was found based on the age or sex of the animal. There was no significant difference in @entity2840 measurements between replicates performed by the same operator for each modality. The coefficient of variation within and between imaging modalities was low (range 0.63-2.5%). The intraclass correlation coefficient comparing methods was 0.92. CONCLUSIONS: Correlation between modalities was excellent; however, ultrasonic pachymetry set at a standard velocity of 1636 m/s overestimates @entity2840 as compared to OCT.

title: Central corneal thickness measurements in normal XXXX : a comparison between ultrasound pachymetry and optical coherence tomography.

entities_list: @entity2840 :: ('MESH:C563262', 'Disease') :: ['central corneal thickness', 'CCT']

entities_list: @entity1875 :: ('MESH:D015742', 'Chemical') :: ['propofol']

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['dogs']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: A cross-sectional, observational study of outcomes for neonates with @entity882 ( @entity882 ; platelet count of <60 x 10(9) platelets per L) was performed to examine @entity548 and use of platelet transfusions. METHODS: Neonates who were admitted to 7 NICUs and developed @entity882 were enrolled for daily data collection. RESULTS: Among 3652 neonatal admissions, 194 neonates (5%) developed @entity882 . The median gestational age of 169 enrolled neonates was 27 weeks (interquartile range [IQR]: 24-32 weeks), and the median birth weight was 822 g (IQR: 670-1300 g). Platelet count nadirs were <20 x 10(9), 20 to 39 x 10(9), and 40 to 59 x 10(9) platelets per L for 58 (34%), 64 (39%), and 47 (28%) of all enrolled @entity1 , respectively. During the study, 31 @entity1 (18%) had no recorded @entity548 , 123 (73%) developed minor @entity548 , and 15 (9%) developed major @entity548 . Thirteen (87%) of 15 episodes of major @entity548 occurred in neonates with gestational ages of <28 weeks. Platelet transfusions (n = 415) were administered to 116 @entity1 (69%); for 338 (81%) transfusions, the main recorded reason was low platelet count. Transfusions increased the platelet count from a median of 27 x 10(9) platelets per L (IQR: 19-36 x 10(9) platelets per L) to 79 x 10(9) platelets per L (IQR: 47.5-127 x 10(9) platelets per L). CONCLUSIONS: Although one third of neonates enrolled in this study developed @entity882 of <20 x 10(9) platelets per L, 91% did not develop major @entity548 . Most platelet transfusions were given to neonates with @entity882 with no @entity548 or minor @entity548 only.

title: Prospective, observational study of outcomes in neonates with severe XXXX .

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['severe neonatal thrombocytopenia', 'SNT', 'thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage', 'bleeding']

answer: @entity882 :: (MESH:D013921,Disease) :: ['thrombocytopenia']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To apply some of the methods developed to study the effects of relatives' @entity5785 ( @entity5785 ) on psychiatric relapse rates and to test the prediction that relatives' criticism and @entity146 would be associated with outcome and @entity147 after @entity131 ( @entity131 ). DESIGN: Retrospective cohort design with correlational analyses of quantitative and qualitative measures of @entity131 outcomes. SETTING: The author interviewed @entity1 in the hospital. The research assistant interviewed close relatives at home. @entity1 : @entity1 and relatives (N=78) were interviewed 34.3+/-15.2 months (mean +/- SD) after a severe @entity131 . INTERVENTIONS: None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Dependent variables in a series of hierarchical linear regression models were @entity1 ' scores on the Zung Depression Scale, Spielberger Trait Anxiety Inventory, State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory, an Anger Towards Relative questionnaire constructed for this study, and Extended Glasgow Outcome Scores. @entity1 -independent variables were social class, posttraumatic @entity2730 , Wechsler Memory Scale-Delayed Recall score, WAIS-R intelligence quotient, and a short version of the Smell Identification Test. Relative independent variables were the number of critical comments directed toward @entity1 in the interview and @entity146 as measured by the General Health Questionnaire. RESULTS: The contributions of variance associated with relative independent variables (predominantly criticism) were significant in stage 2 of most hierarchical regression analyses after the adjustments for variance associated with @entity1 independent variables made in stage 1. CONCLUSIONS: Future application of @entity5785 research methods is warranted. If the present results are replicated, then evidence-based family interventions developed by @entity5785 researchers to reduce criticism might also improve @entity131 outcomes.

title: Relatives' criticism influences adjustment and outcome after XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'participant', 'Participant', 'Participants', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['TBI', 'traumatic brain injury']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric distress']

entities_list: @entity5785 :: ('MESH:D001039', 'Disease') :: ['EE', 'expressed emotion']

entities_list: @entity147 :: ('MESH:D005316', 'Disease') :: ['emotional distress']

answer: @entity131 :: (MESH:D001930,Disease) :: ['traumatic brain injury']


abstract: BACKGROUND: An increasing number of falls result in an emergency call and the subsequent dispatch of paramedics. In the absence of physical injury, abnormal physiological parameters or change in usual functional status, it could be argued that routine conveyance by ambulance to the @entity341 ( @entity341 ) is not the most effective or efficient use of resources. Further, it is likely that non-conveyed older fallers have the potential to benefit from timely access to fall risk assessment and intervention. The aim of this randomised controlled trial is to evaluate the effect of a timely and tailored falls assessment and management intervention on the number of subsequent falls and fall-related @entity130 for non-conveyed older fallers. METHODS: Community dwelling @entity1 aged 65  years or older who are not conveyed to the @entity341 following a fall will be eligible to be visited at home by a research physiotherapist. Consenting @entity1 will receive individualised intervention strategies based on risk factors identified at baseline. All pre-test measures will be assessed prior to randomisation. Post-test measures will be undertaken by a researcher blinded to group allocation 6  months post-baseline. @entity1 in the intervention group will receive individualised pro-active fall prevention strategies from the clinical researcher to ensure that risk factors are addressed adequately and interventions carried out. The primary outcome measure will be the number of falls recorded by a falls diary over a 12  month period. Secondary outcome measures assessed six months after baseline will include the subsequent use of medical and emergency services and uptake of recommendations. Data will be analysed using the intention-to-treat principle. DISCUSSION: As there is currently little evidence regarding the effectiveness or feasibility of alternate models of care following ambulance non-conveyance of older fallers, there is a need to explore assessment and intervention programs to help reduce subsequent falls, related @entity130 and subsequent use of health care services. By linking existing services rather than setting up new services, this pragmatic trial aims to utilise the health care system in an efficient and timely manner. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry: ACTRN 12611000503921.

title: Intervention to prevent further falls in older XXXX who call an ambulance as a result of a fall: a protocol for the iPREFER randomised controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Participants', 'people']

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['ED', 'Emergency Department']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['injuries']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['people']


abstract: This study investigated the @entity413 uptake activity of the water extracts from the leaves and fruit of edible Myrtaceae plants, including guava (Psidium guajava Linn.), wax apples [Syzygium samarangense (Blume) Merr. and L.M. Perry], Pu-Tau [Syzygium jambo (L.) Alston], and Kan-Shi Pu-Tau (Syzygium cumini Linn.) in FL83B @entity19 hepatocytes. The fluorescent dye @entity25803 was used to estimate the uptake ability of the cells. @entity413 uptake test showed that pink wax apple fruit extract (PWFE) exhibits the highest @entity413 uptake activity, at an increment of 21% in the insulin-resistant FL83B @entity19 hepatocytes as compared with the @entity637 -treated control group. @entity27486 was isolated using column chromatography of PWFE. This compound, at the concentration of 6.25     g/mL, exhibits the same @entity413 uptake improvement in insulin-resistant cells as PWFE at a 100-  g/mL dose. We postulate that @entity27486 is an active component in PWFE that may alleviate the insulin resistance in @entity19 hepatocytes.

title: Effect of water extracts from edible Myrtaceae plants on uptake of XXXX in @entity637 -treated FL83B @entity19 hepatocytes.

entities_list: @entity27486 :: ('MESH:C084709', 'Chemical') :: ['Vescalagin', 'vescalagin']

entities_list: @entity25803 :: ('MESH:C098340', 'Chemical') :: ['2-(n-(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl)amino)-2-deoxyglucose']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose', 'Glucose']

answer: @entity25803 :: (MESH:C098340,Chemical) :: ['2-(n-(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl)amino)-2-deoxyglucose']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship between prenatal secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure, @entity600 and immediate neonatal outcomes by measuring maternal hair @entity1239 . DESIGN: Cross-sectional, observational design. SETTING: A metropolitan Kentucky birthing center. @entity1 : Two hundred and ten (210) mother-baby couplets. METHODS: @entity1239 in maternal hair was used as the biomarker for prenatal SHS exposure collected within 48 hours of birth. Smoking status was confirmed by urine @entity4874 analysis. RESULTS: Smoking status (nonsmoking, passive smoking, and smoking) strongly correlated with low, medium, and high hair @entity1239 tertiles (  =.74; p<.001). @entity1 exposed to prenatal SHS were more at risk for @entity600 (odds ratio [OR]=2.3; 95% Confidence Interval [CI] [.96, 5.96]), and their @entity1 were more likely to have immediate newborn complications (OR=2.4; 95% CI [1.09, 5.33]) than nonexposed @entity1 . @entity1 of passive smoking mothers were at increased risk for @entity649 ( @entity649 ) (OR=4.9; 95% CI [1.45, 10.5]) and admission to a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) (OR=6.5; CI [1.29, 9.7]) when compared to @entity1 of smoking mothers (OR=3.9; 95% CI [1.61, 14.9]; OR=3.5; 95% CI [2.09, 20.4], respectively). Passive smokers and/or @entity1 with hair @entity1239 levels greater than .35 ng/ml were more likely to deliver earlier (1 week), give birth to @entity1 weighing less (decrease of 200-300 g), and deliver shorter @entity1 (decrease of 1.1-1.7 cm). CONCLUSIONS: Prenatal SHS exposure places @entity1 at greater risk for @entity600 , and their newborns are more likely to have @entity649 , NICU admissions, and immediate newborn complications.

title: The effects of prenatal secondhand smoke exposure on XXXX and neonatal outcomes.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Women', 'infants', 'Infants', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity649 :: ('MESH:D012128', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory distress syndrome', 'RDS']

entities_list: @entity1239 :: ('MESH:D009538', 'Chemical') :: ['Nicotine', 'nicotine']

entities_list: @entity4874 :: ('MESH:D003367', 'Chemical') :: ['cotinine']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['preterm birth']

answer: @entity600 :: (MESH:D000014,Disease) :: ['preterm birth']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Improvement of prognosis and availability of diverse therapeutic options for complications of advanced @entity409 highlight the importance of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in @entity82 . The aim of this study was to identify factors that influence HRQOL and may be potentially treatable in @entity1 with @entity82 . METHODS: HRQOL was measured in 212 outpatients with @entity82 using a generic questionnaire (Medical Outcomes Study Form, SF-36) and a liver-specific questionnaire ( @entity409 Questionnaire, CLDQ). All @entity1 underwent a systematic clinical and neuropsychological assessment. Independent factors associated with poor HRQOL were identified by multiple linear regression. RESULTS: HRQOL scores exhibited by @entity1 were: global CLDQ: 4.8+/-1.2; Physical Component Score of SF-36: 38.5+/-10.7; Mental Component Score of SF-36: 45.3+/-14.3. The independent variables for global CLDQ were female sex, nonalcoholic etiology, current @entity843 , and a decrease in albumin (R = 0.22). For Physical Component Score of SF-36, the independent variables were prior @entity99 , current @entity843 , and a decrease in hemoglobin (R = 0.22). For Mental Component Score of SF-36, the independent variables were nonalcoholic etiology, the Grooved Pegboard test, and a decrease in hemoglobin (R = 0.14). CONCLUSION: Several clinical variables, potentially treatable, may alter particular aspects of HRQOL. Correction of @entity843 , @entity4988 , minimal @entity99 , and @entity417 may cause a positive impact on HRQOL of @entity1 with @entity82 .

title: Quality of life in XXXX is related to potentially treatable factors.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity4988 :: ('MESH:D034141', 'Disease') :: ['hypoalbuminemia']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic Liver Disease', 'liver disease']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic encephalopathy']

answer: @entity82 :: (MESH:D005355,Disease) :: ['cirrhosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Hypomagnesaemia is one of the main side effects of @entity900 -based chemotherapy regimens in @entity5 @entity1 . The aim of the current investigation was to evaluate the effect of oral @entity1760 oxide ( @entity11999 ) supplementation on @entity900 -induced @entity1272 . METHODS: This parallel-randomized controlled, open label trial was conducted in a hospital of Iran University of Medical Sciences in Tehran between December 2009 and May 2011. @entity1 were 69 adult @entity1 with newly diagnosed @entity5 candidate for starting @entity900 -based chemotherapy. Oral @entity11999 supplement according to @entity900 dose (500 @entity4612 @entity11999 per 50 @entity4612 /m(2) of @entity900 ) as 2-3 divided daily doses was started after completion of each chemotherapy cycle and continued to the next cycle for the intervention group. @entity1 in the control group did not receive any supplementation. Serum @entity1760 ( @entity4612 ) was measured before each chemotherapy cycle. The main outcome was measuring serum @entity4612 change and hypomagnesaemia rate during chemotherapy treatment. RESULTS: Sixty-two @entity1 (31 intervention- 31 controls) enrolled into the study. Serum @entity4612 levels showed significant difference between the two groups (P=0.01). There was a significant decrease in serum @entity4612 of the control group (P=0.001). At the end of follow-up period prevalence of hypomagnesaemia in the intervention group was 10.7% versus 23.1% in the control group. CONCLUSION: Continuously oral supplementation with @entity11999 according to @entity900 dose (500 @entity4612 @entity11999 per 50 @entity4612 /m(2) @entity900 ) as 2-3 divided daily doses at rest days between chemotherapy cycles reduces the decline in serum @entity4612 levels and also the prevalence of hypomagnesaemia in @entity5 @entity1 .

title: Effect of Oral XXXX Oxide Supplementation on @entity900 -Induced @entity1272 in @entity5 @entity1 : A Randomized Controlled Trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Patients', 'patients', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'non- leukemia neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity1272 :: ('MESH:C537153', 'Disease') :: ['hypomagnesemia']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity1760 :: ('MESH:D008274', 'Chemical') :: ['magnesium']

answer: @entity1760 :: (MESH:D008274,Chemical) :: ['Magnesium']


abstract: In perfused @entity35 liver, there is @entity16802 -inhibitable @entity1133 efflux, but whether it is mediated by the kidney UT-A @entity1133 transporter family is unknown. To determine whether cultured HepG2 cells transport @entity1133 , @entity8542 influx was measured. HepG2 cells had a @entity8542 influx rate of 1739 +/- 156 nmol/g protein per min; influx was inhibited 46% by @entity16802 and 32% by @entity35880 . Western analysis of HepG2 cell lysate using an antibody to UT-A1, UT-A2, and UT-A4 revealed two protein bands: 49 and 36 kD. The same bands were detected in cultured @entity35 hepatocytes, freshly isolated @entity35 hepatocytes, and in liver from @entity35 , @entity19 , and @entity831 . Both bands were present when analyzed by native gel electrophoresis, and deglycosylation of @entity35 liver lysate had no effect on either band. Differential centrifugation of @entity35 liver lysate showed that the 49-kD protein is in the membrane fraction and the 36-kD protein is in the cytoplasm. To determine whether the abundance of these UT-A proteins varies in vivo, @entity35 were made uremic by 5/6 nephrectomy. The 49-kD protein was significantly increased 5.5-fold in livers from uremic @entity35 compared to pair-fed control @entity35 . It is concluded that @entity16802 -inhibitable @entity1133 flux in liver may occur via a 49-kD protein that is specifically detected by a UT-A antibody. @entity5507 increases the abundance of this 49-kD UT-A protein in @entity35 liver in vivo.

title: UT-A XXXX transporter protein expressed in liver: upregulation by @entity5507 .

entities_list: @entity831 :: ('9598', 'Species') :: ['chimpanzee']

entities_list: @entity16802 :: ('MESH:D010693', 'Chemical') :: ['phloretin']

entities_list: @entity8542 :: ('MESH:D013890', 'Chemical') :: ['thiourea']

entities_list: @entity35880 :: ('MESH:C070820', 'Chemical') :: ['thionicotinamide']

answer: @entity1133 :: (MESH:D014508,Chemical) :: ['urea']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity3377 is a @entity74 in @entity1 of developing countries. The aim of this study is to describe the epidemiology and long term prognosis of @entity3377 in Khorasan, Iran. METHODS: This is a descriptive cross sectional study (from November 2003 up to February 2006), the subjects of which are composed of 82 @entity1 (from Imam Reza hospital, Mashhad, and Health Center of Kashmar). In this study the diagnosis of @entity3377 is based on serology accompanied with clinical signs and symptoms. Our strategy for duration of treatment was to treat all @entity1 for at least 6 weeks. We followed the @entity1 by phone and if necessary by visiting. FINDINGS: During 38 months we had 82 @entity1 with @entity3377 . The mean age was 8.02 y, and 40% of them were @entity1 (M/F=1.21). Summer with 45.9% of the cases was the peak season. History of consuming raw dairy products, close contact with farm animals, living in village and @entity3377 in family was found in 91.6%, 76%, 70.24% and 41.1% of the cases respectively. The presenting symptom in 79.7% of the cases was joint @entity158 , 72.9% had history of fever during the course of the disease. @entity625 , @entity381 and @entity3329 were found in 60.97%, 16.9%, 7.5%, of @entity1 respectively. The therapeutic regimen of 48.7% of our @entity1 was @entity799 and @entity1215 . We followed 74% of the @entity1 for at least 3 years which showed the relapse rate of 6.5%. There was a case of reinfection, a @entity1 with residual sequel and one death related to @entity3377 in our case series. CONCLUSION: @entity3377 is still a common disease in our @entity1 and at least a risk factor for it can be found in the history of almost all cases of pediatric @entity3377 . With at least six weeks treatment with two antibiotics and with close follow up, we can decrease the relapse rate in pediatric @entity3377 to zero, even without repeating the serology during or after treatment.

title: Clinical features and long term prognosis of childhood XXXX in northeast iran.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient', 'girls']

entities_list: @entity3329 :: ('MESH:D008206', 'Disease') :: ['lymphadenopathy']

entities_list: @entity3377 :: ('MESH:D002006', 'Disease') :: ['Brucellosis']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['Arthritis']

entities_list: @entity799 :: ('MESH:D015662', 'Chemical') :: ['Co-trimoxazole']

entities_list: @entity381 :: ('MESH:D013163', 'Disease') :: ['splenomegaly']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['prevalent disorder']

entities_list: @entity1215 :: ('MESH:D012293', 'Chemical') :: ['rifampin']

answer: @entity3377 :: (MESH:D002006,Disease) :: ['brucellosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Morningness/eveningness (M/E) is a stable characteristic of individuals. Circadian rhythms are altered in episodes of @entity1316 . @entity1316 @entity1 were more evening-type than normal population. In this study, we compared the characteristics of M/E among the 257 @entity1 with @entity162 (BPD1), @entity162 (BPD2) and major @entity308 , recurrent (MDDR). METHODS: M/E was evaluated using the Korean version of the @entity13875 ( @entity1050 ). Factor analysis was done to extract specific elements of circadian rhythm (morning preference, morning alertness, and evening tiredness). The total score and scores for factors and individual items of @entity1050 were compared in order to evaluate differences among the three different diagnostic groups. Factor scores of @entity1050 were different among the diagnostic groups. RESULTS: BPD1 subjects had a higher score for evening tiredness than BPD2 subjects (p=0.060), and BPD1 subjects had a significantly higher score for morning alertness than subjects with MDDR (p=0.034). This difference was even more profound for the representative item scores of each factor; item 2 of @entity1050 for evening tiredness (BPD1>BPD2, p=0.007) and item 5 of @entity1050 for morning alertness (BPD1>MDDR, p=0.002). Total score of @entity1050 were not different among 3 diagnostic groups. CONCLUSION: Circadian rhythm characteristics measured by @entity1050 were different among BPD1, BPD2, and MDDR. BPD2 showed more eveningness than BPD1. MDDR showed less morningness than BPD1. @entity1050 would be a reasonable endophenotype associated with @entity1316 . More studies with large sample size of @entity1316 on M/E are warranted.

title: Circadian Rhythm Characteristics in @entity1316 : Comparison among XXXX , @entity162 and Recurrent Major @entity308 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['bipolar I disorder', 'bipolar II disorder']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive disorder']

entities_list: @entity1316 :: ('MESH:D019964', 'Disease') :: ['mood disorder', 'mood disorders', 'Mood disorder']

entities_list: @entity13875 :: ('MESH:D058617', 'Disease') :: ['composite scale of morningness']

answer: @entity162 :: (MESH:D001714,Disease) :: ['Bipolar I Disorder']


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: Therapy for polycystic liver is invasive, expensive, and has disappointing long-term results. Treatment with @entity1943 analogues slowed kidney growth in @entity1 with @entity8 ( @entity8 ) and reduced liver and kidney volume in a @entity8 rodent model. We evaluated the effects of @entity18245 , a @entity1943 analogue, in @entity1 with polycystic liver because of @entity8 or @entity409 ( @entity409 ). METHODS: We performed a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in 2 tertiary referral centers. @entity1 with polycystic liver (n = 54) were randomly assigned to groups given @entity18245 (120 mg) or placebo, administered every 28 days for 24 weeks. The primary end point was the difference in total liver volume, measured by computerized tomography at weeks 0 and 24. Analyses were performed on an intention-to-treat basis. RESULTS: Baseline characteristics were comparable for both groups, except that more @entity1 with @entity28046 were assigned to the placebo group (P = .03). The mean liver volume decreased 2.9%, from 4606 mL (95% confidence interval (CI): 547-8665) to 4471 mL (95% CI: 542-8401 mL), in @entity1 given @entity18245 . In the placebo group, the mean liver volume increased 1.6%, from 4689 mL (95% CI: 613-8765 mL) to 4895 mL (95% CI: 739-9053 mL) (P < .01). Post hoc stratification for @entity1 with @entity28046 or @entity409 revealed similar changes in liver volume, with statistically significant differences in @entity1 given @entity18245 (P < .01 for both diseases). CONCLUSIONS: In @entity1 with polycystic liver, 6 months of treatment with @entity18245 reduces liver volume.

title: XXXX reduces the volume of polycystic liver: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['PKD', 'polycystic kidney disease', 'autosomal-dominant (AD) PKD']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['autosomal-dominant polycystic liver disease', 'PCLD']

entities_list: @entity18245 :: ('MESH:C060347', 'Chemical') :: ['lanreotide']

entities_list: @entity1943 :: ('MESH:D013004', 'Chemical') :: ['somatostatin']

answer: @entity18245 :: (MESH:C060347,Chemical) :: ['Lanreotide']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Evidence-based guidelines for the treatment of severe acute @entity788 have been established. This study was conducted to investigate the hypothesis that deviation from guidelines occurs frequently. METHODS: With institutional review board approval, the outside medical records of @entity1 with severe @entity788 who were transferred to the study institution during the period from July 2005 to May 2012 were reviewed. Severe @entity788 was defined using the Atlanta Classification criteria. Records were reviewed with respect to published guidelines defining the appropriate use of imaging, antibiotics and nutritional support. RESULTS: A total of 538 @entity1 with acute @entity788 were identified. Of 67 @entity1 with severe acute @entity788 , 44 (66%) were male. The mean age of the @entity1 was 55 years. Forty-five of 61 (74%) @entity1 for whom relevant data were available were imaged upon admission, but only 15 (31%) @entity1 were imaged appropriately by computerized tomography with i.v. contrast to assess the presence of @entity39 or other complications. In @entity1 for whom relevant data were available, prophylactic antibiotics were initiated in the absence of culture data or a specific infectious target in 26 (53%) @entity1 . Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) was administered to 38 (60%) of 63 @entity1 for whom relevant data were available; only 10 (17%) @entity1 received enteric feeding. No nutritional support was provided to 15 (23%) @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Adherence to best practice guidelines in the treatment of severe @entity788 is poor. The consistent application of current knowledge might improve outcomes in these @entity1 .

title: Failure to follow evidence-based best practice guidelines in the treatment of severe acute XXXX .

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatitis']


abstract: The response of @entity356 with peritoneal dissemination to systemic chemotherapy may be negatively affected by poor drug delivery due to the blood-peritoneal barrier. However, @entity11730 has been reported to be effective. We examined the pharmacokinetics of @entity11730 in 14 @entity1 who had @entity356 with peritoneal dissemination. @entity11730 was given from the morning of the day before surgery to the morning of surgery. Concentrations of @entity1487 ( @entity1487 ) and @entity11828 ( @entity19936 ) were measured in the serum, @entity843 , disseminated peritoneal nodes, and normal peritoneum. There was a strong correlation between @entity1487 and @entity19936 concentrations in peritoneal tissues. The concentrations of @entity1487 and @entity19936 in the serum were similar to those in @entity843 . The concentration of @entity1487 was significantly higher in disseminated nodes than in the normal peritoneum. After administration of @entity11730 to @entity356 @entity1 with peritoneal dissemination, @entity1487 and @entity19936 in the serum linearly pass through the peritoneum and enter the @entity843 . High concentrations of @entity1487 selectively penetrate disseminated peritoneal cells.

title: Pharmacokinetics of @entity11730 in XXXX with peritoneal dissemination of @entity356 .

entities_list: @entity11828 :: ('MESH:C104201', 'Chemical') :: ['gimeracil']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: The Registry Experience at the Washington Hospital Center with Drug-Eluting Stents (REWARDS) study includes unselected @entity1 with @entity453 treated with @entity3446 -eluting stents (SESs; n = 2,392) or @entity1311 -eluting stents (PES; n = 1,119). This study aimed to examine the long-term safety profile of the 2 stents in a "real-world" population, especially in relation to stent @entity715 , and to compare differences in the @entity6 cohort. @entity1 were followed for 3 years with regard to major adverse @entity299 (MACEs), including death, Q-wave @entity583 , and @entity75 revascularization. Rates of stent @entity715 were also studied. Baseline characteristics were similar between stents. Although MACE rates at 3 years were similar (SES 28.1% vs PES 28.9%, p = 0.62), there was a significant difference in unadjusted rates of @entity75 revascularization (SES 15.6% vs PES 12.6%, p = 0.03), death (SES 15.7% vs PES 19.0%, p = 0.02), and Q-wave @entity583 (SES 0.8% vs PES 2.1%, p = 0.003). After multivariable Cox regression to adjust for confounders, there was no significant difference in overall MACEs. Incidence of stent @entity715 was higher in the SES group (SES 2.2% vs PES 1.6%, p = 0.22), but this was not statistically significant (hazard ratio 1.6, 95% confidence interval 0.8 to 2.9, p = 0.17). Overall, @entity6 had a higher MACE rate, but there was no difference between insulin- and noninsulin-dependent @entity6 . In conclusion, at 3 years, PES and SES achieved similar results in MACEs and stent @entity715 . This should foster confidence that SES or PES can be compared to second-generation drug-eluting stents without concerns for safety or efficacy.

title: Three-year outcomes following @entity3446 - versus @entity1311 -eluting stent implantation in an unselected population with XXXX (from the REWARDS Registry).

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetics', 'diabetic']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['target lesion']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity3446 :: ('MESH:D020123', 'Chemical') :: ['sirolimus']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac events']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

answer: @entity453 :: (MESH:D003324,Disease) :: ['coronary artery disease']


abstract: The term pediatric @entity7017 was originally applied to a form of intractable @entity294 seen in @entity1 under the age of 6 months and characterized by male predominance, concurrent @entity792 , circulating gut autoantibodies, a lack of severe @entity465 and small bowel @entity194 with prominent crypt apoptosis. However, recent studies have cast doubt over the specific clinicopathologic findings associated with this entity. We, therefore, collected 178 gastrointestinal biopsies from 14 @entity1 and examined their clinical, serologic and pathologic findings. @entity1 at presentation ranged in age from birth to 15.9 years (median, 5.5 months; mean, 4.1 years) and included six males and eight females. All @entity1 suffered from chronic watery @entity294 and @entity3147 . Concomitant-associated disorders were noted in 11 (79%) cases and included 10 (71%) with an @entity1200 and/or another @entity792 . Eleven @entity1 (79%) were positive for anti-enterocyte antibodies. The salient findings of @entity7017 were most prominent in the small intestines and the majority (79%) of @entity1 demonstrated villous blunting, crypt @entity1373 , mononuclear cell inflammatory expansion of the lamina propria and crypt apoptosis. The remaining (21%) @entity1 showed marked @entity6113 reminiscent of celiac disease. Further, acute cryptitis and crypt abscesses were seen in seven (50%) @entity1 obscuring the presence of apoptosis. The absence of Paneth cells, goblet cells or both was noted in seven (50%) @entity1 . Follow-up information was available for all @entity1 with 13 (93%) receiving immunosuppressant therapy and demonstrating partial-to-complete response. In total, three @entity1 died from continued @entity294 and @entity295 with one decedent before treatment could be initiated. In summary, @entity7017 in @entity1 is a heterogenous disease with protean clinical and pathologic findings. Although anti-enterocyte antibodies were identified in the majority of the cases, their presence was variable and insensitive. In addition, pediatric @entity7017 was frequently encountered in the setting of @entity1200 .

title: XXXX : an entity frequently associated with @entity1200 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity6113 :: ('MESH:D008218', 'Disease') :: ['intraepithelial lymphocytosis']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity1373 :: ('MESH:D006965', 'Disease') :: ['hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity7017 :: ('MESH:C538273', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune enteropathy']

entities_list: @entity465 :: ('MESH:D007153', 'Disease') :: ['immunodeficiency']

entities_list: @entity1200 :: ('MESH:D007154', 'Disease') :: ['immunodeficiency disorders', 'immunodeficiency disorder']

entities_list: @entity3147 :: ('MESH:D044342', 'Disease') :: ['malnutrition']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune-related disease', 'autoimmune-associated disorders']

answer: @entity7017 :: (MESH:C538273,Disease) :: ['Pediatric autoimmune enteropathy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The lung is the most common site of distant metastases from @entity157 . Correct differentiation between metastatic @entity157 and @entity2 is sometimes difficult without biopsy. PURPOSE: To evaluate the usefulness of measuring the attenuations of pulmonary nodules on early-phase contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) for the differentiation of pulmonary metastases from @entity157 and @entity2 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirteen @entity1 with pulmonary metastases from @entity157 (nine @entity1 , four @entity1 ; age 53.9+/-14.2 years, range 16-70 years) and 25 @entity1 with @entity2 (14 @entity1 , 11 @entity1 ; age 62.2+/-9.4 years, range 43-72 years) were retrospectively evaluated. Contrast-enhanced scans were obtained 35 s after commencing intravenous injection of contrast medium. Attenuation values and the size of the pulmonary nodules were measured on contrast-enhanced CT scans. CT and clinical features were analyzed with regard to age, sex, body surface area of the @entity1 , the attenuation values and size of the nodules, and CT machines using univariate analysis (Fisher's exact test for binary data sets and the Mann-Whitney U test for continuous data sets). Multiple linear regression analysis was used to eliminate confounding factors. RESULTS: The mean attenuation value of metastatic pulmonary nodules from @entity157 (75.7+/-24.9 HU) was higher than that of @entity2 nodules (45.8+/-14.4 HU) (P<0.01). Other variables such as age, sex, body surface area of the @entity1 , CT device, and nodule size were not significant variables on multiple regression analysis. When a cut-off value of 75 HU was applied, the positive predictive value for diagnosing metastatic nodules from @entity157 was 100%. CONCLUSION: Pending confirmation in a large study, our findings suggest that there is a difference in contrast enhancement between pulmonary metastases from @entity157 and @entity2 .

title: Diagnostic value of early-phase-enhanced computed tomography for the differentiation of pulmonary metastases from @entity157 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma of the lung', 'hepatocellular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['primary lung cancer']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['primary lung cancer']


abstract: AIMS AND BACKGROUND: Metastatic @entity263 commonly involves bones and extrapelvic lymph nodes, with occasional visceral deposits. Central nervous system involvement is unusual and particularly the occurrence of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is extremely rare, with few cases described in the medical literature. The clinical presentation is characterized by multifocal @entity51 and the prognosis is generally dismal, with survival ranging between 3 and 6 months. We report on a @entity1 affected by @entity3 due to @entity263 who was treated with a combined-modality approach consisting of sequential chemotherapy and radiotherapy. METHODS: A 70-year-old @entity1 was referred to our group for @entity73 , left-sided frontal @entity10 and @entity390 ; the @entity1 had a previous history of @entity263 . @entity3 was diagnosed neuroradiologically with brain MRI and evidence of a detectable level of PSA in the cerebrospinal fluid. He was treated with @entity1205 and @entity229 for 3 cycles followed by external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) to the whole brain to a total dose of 30 Gy in 10 fractions with a simultaneous integrated boost to the macroscopic disease (total dose of 35 Gy in 10 fractions). No acute @entity137 was observed. RESULTS: A substantial clinical response was obtained after EBRT with neurological improvement and radiologically stable disease at post-treatment imaging until 10 weeks after radiation. The @entity1 died of @entity2459 deterioration 3 months after EBRT. CONCLUSION: Since @entity3 derived from @entity263 is likely to become a more common clinical event, such @entity1 would need to be included in clinical trials evaluating new therapeutic approaches, considering that the current treatment strategies have been shown to be rather ineffective.

title: @entity3 from XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic prostate cancer', 'prostate cancer', 'prostate carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive mental disorder']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deficit']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['leptomeningeal metastasis', 'LM']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity1205 :: ('MESH:C067311', 'Chemical') :: ['docetaxel']

entities_list: @entity2459 :: ('MESH:D003639', 'Disease') :: ['sudden general condition']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1892 ( @entity1892 ) is a leading cause of neonatal @entity2348 . Early-onset @entity281 have decreased in recent years but, despite considerable efforts poured into prevention, cases continue to occur. OBJECTIVES: To analyze trends and identify determining factors for the persistence of the @entity2623 . To evaluate the impact of antenatal screening and intrapartum chemoprophylaxis on the clinical presentation of the @entity281 . METHODS: A prospective cohort, population-based study has been ongoing in Emilia-Romagna (Italy) since 2003. @entity3 , observed between 2003 and 2008 in @entity1 aged < 7 days were analyzed. RESULTS: Among 214,120 live births, 61 early- @entity281 were observed. Fourteen @entity1 (23.0%) were born preterm. Among 47 @entity1 who were delivered at term, 28 were born to mothers who had no risk factors and 7 were born to mothers who had none other than @entity1892 colonization. Forty-one @entity1 at term had been screened prenatally; among them, only 10 were documented as @entity1892 culture-positive.Disease severity was highest in @entity1 at lower gestational ages, but most @entity693 cases were observed in term @entity1 born to mothers who were @entity1892 culture-negative at screening.Nine newborns had culture-proven @entity281 despite having received intrapartum antibiotics. They were born to mothers with > or =1 obstetrical risk factors and 5 mothers had been treated during labor with macrolides. CONCLUSION: Most @entity281 presented in @entity1 whose mothers had been screened as @entity1892 culture-negative. Missed opportunities for prevention contributed more than prophylaxis failures to the early-onset disease burden.

title: XXXX early-onset disease in Emilia-romagna: review after introduction of a screening-based approach.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity2348 :: ('MESH:D001424', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial infections']

entities_list: @entity693 :: ('MESH:D008581', 'Disease') :: ['meningitis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection', 'infections']

entities_list: @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ['GBS', 'Group B Streptococcus']

entities_list: @entity2623 :: ('MESH:C531629', 'Disease') :: ['GBS infections']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['Invasive GBS infections']

answer: @entity1892 :: (MESH:D016393,Disease) :: ['Group B Streptococcus']


abstract: This study was designed to investigate the effect and molecular mechanisms of Haishengsu (HSS), a protein extract from a shellfish Tegillarca granosaL., on a @entity1778 cell line. Cultured K562/ @entity632 (ADM) cells were treated with HSS at 10, 20 and 40 microg/mL, respectively. The apoptosis and expression of @entity1262 was evaluated by flow cytometry. Expressions of @entity522 and @entity588 were also evaluated. There was a significant dose-dependent increase in the apoptosis in the HSS treated K562/ADM cells (P < 0.05 and 0.01, respectively). The @entity1262 expression in the 40 microg/mL HSS group (14.8%) was lower than in the control (16.9%, P < 0.05) and the 10 microg/mL HSS group (7.3%, P < 0.05), but it was similar to the HSS 20 microg/mL group (10.7%, P > 0.05). The expressions of apoptosis-stimulating protein @entity522 protein were increased, whereas the expressions of apoptosis-suppressing @entity588 were decreased in the HSS groups, as compared with the levels in the control group (P < 0.05). We conclude that HSS induces apoptosis of the @entity632 -resistant K562/ADM cells. The enhanced expressions in @entity522 and the reduced expressions in @entity588 protein may have contributed to the apoptosis-stimulating effect of HSS. The inhibition of @entity1262 suggests that HSS may diminish the resistance to @entity632 and potentially enhance the therapeutic effects.

title: Tegillarca granosa extract Haishengsu inhibits the expression of XXXX and induces apoptosis in drug-resistant K562/ADM cells.

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['Adriamycin']

entities_list: @entity1778 :: ('MESH:D007938', 'Disease') :: ['drug resistant leukemia']

answer: @entity1262 :: (5243,Gene) :: ['P-glycoprotein']


abstract: Conducted energy weapons (CEWs), such as TASER devices, may be applied to subjects in repeated or long-duration modes. Such applications may result in more potentially harmful effects (as reflected in blood factor changes) than shorter exposures. In this review, results from a number of studies of repeated and long-duration CEW exposures in an animal model are examined. Additionally, a few limited investigations of shorter CEW applications to @entity1 subjects are considered. Specifically, in anesthetized @entity1707 , increased blood acidity ( @entity2185 ) and lack of effective respiration were found to be common during or immediately after CEW exposure. The @entity2185 could have been due to both @entity12906 . A relatively rapid recovery toward baseline pH levels occurred. The lack of effective respiration has not been verified in experiments of CEW applications to @entity1 subjects; however, in some incidents of @entity1 deaths after CEW exposures subjects have been reported to stop breathing immediately after the exposure. It is not known if all @entity1 subjects exposed to CEW applications in the field (often "on drugs" or "in excited @entity933 ") would be able to maintain adequate breathing. Since a limited number of short CEW applications would be less likely to cause adverse effects, however, CEWs can still be a valuable tool for law enforcement activities.

title: Repeated or long-duration TASER electronic control device exposures: XXXX and lack of respiration.

entities_list: @entity12906 :: ('MESH:D000142', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic and respiratory acidosis']

entities_list: @entity933 :: ('MESH:D003693', 'Disease') :: ['delirium']

answer: @entity2185 :: (MESH:C537358,Disease) :: ['acidemia']