abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: @entity876 mutation and @entity588 overexpression is correlated with @entity263 . This study investigated the correlation of @entity876 and @entity588 immunoreactivity frequency with histopathological features in @entity1 with @entity263 in Taiwan. METHODS: Primary @entity420 from 125 radical prostatectomy specimens were stained using commercial monoclonal antibodies. Association between immunohistochemical findings and @entity5 extent, Gleason score and preoperative @entity1486 ( @entity1486 ) levels were assessed. RESULTS: Abnormal @entity876 expression was identified in 44 @entity5 (35.2%) and was correlated with high serum @entity1486 (p=0.022) and advanced disease (p=0.005), but not Gleason score. @entity5 (8%) expressed @entity588 . A significant positive association was found between @entity588 and @entity1486 (p=0.034). There was no association between @entity876 and @entity588 immunopositivity. CONCLUSIONS: @entity876 mutation was positively correlated with serum @entity1486 and @entity5 extent. Overexpression of @entity588 was associated with high serum @entity1486 only.

title: Correlation of XXXX protein accumulation and @entity588 overexpression with histopathological features in @entity263 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer', 'advanced prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Ten tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinomas']

entities_list: @entity1486 :: ('354', 'Gene') :: ['PSA', 'prostate-specific antigen']

answer: @entity876 :: (7157,Gene) :: ['p53']


abstract: @entity158 from @entity5 is said to be poorly relieved. To examine the relevance of this statement in our hospital we registered @entity1286 consumption used for @entity5 relief from 1983 to 1990. The use of @entity1286 increased 20-fold during this period, corresponding to a 12-fold increase per @entity1 . A probable explanation of this development is that @entity5 now receives more attention and use of @entity1286 has become more acceptable. New methods such as subcutaneous continuous @entity1286 administration from portable pumps, and the introduction of slow-release @entity1286 , have improved and simplified the treatment. Probably several Norwegian hospitals still lag behind in this respect. Consequently @entity158 remains unrelieved. We suggest that hospitals evaluate their @entity158 relief programmes. If these are found inadequate, the service should be reinforced. This would probably lead to earlier rehabilitation and improved quality of life for the @entity1 .

title: [Is XXXX therapy insufficient?].

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'cancer pain']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['much pain', 'Pain', 'pain']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer pain']


abstract: The presence of spontaneous @entity346 in darkness with a strong horizontal component has been taken to indicate that there is asymmetrical function of the horizontal semicircular canals. If this horizontal spontaneous @entity346 can be suppressed by vision, then it is regarded as due to @entity1897 . However, we report evidence from one @entity1 (61-year-old male), who visited the MSA ENT Clinic, Cassino (FR) Italy, reporting acute, severe vertigo, postural unsteadiness, @entity390 and @entity391 associated with right sudden @entity393 . The @entity1 received instrumental audiovestibular testing to obtain objective measurements of his inner-ear receptors. At the time of the attack, the @entity1 showed spontaneous @entity346 , mainly with horizontal and vertical components (3D infrared video-oculography). Video head-impulse tests of dynamic horizontal canal function showed that the functional status of both horizontal canals was within the normal range. Cervical VEMPs to 500 Hz bone-conducted vibration at Fz showed normal results; ocular VEMPs to the same stimulus showed a reduced n10 amplitude beneath the left eye, corresponding to the right ear. For this reason, the @entity1 was diagnosed as having right unilateral selective utricular macula lesion due to @entity11389 . There is considerable evidence of convergence of neural input from the otoliths onto horizontal canal neurons in the vestibular nuclei. The firing of such neurons could reflect either asymmetrical horizontal canal function or asymmetrical utricular function. The problem with this @entity1 was not due to asymmetrical horizontal canal function, but only to asymmetrical utricular function, demonstrated by the results of the oVEMP test.

title: Does unilateral utricular dysfunction cause horizontal spontaneous XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity11389 :: ('MESH:D007762', 'Disease') :: ['labyrinthitis']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral horizontal canal dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing loss']

entities_list: @entity346 :: ('MESH:D009759', 'Disease') :: ['nystagmus']

answer: @entity346 :: (MESH:D009759,Disease) :: ['nystagmus']


abstract: AIMS: A variety of radical radiotherapy regimens are in use for @entity1149 . Continuous hyperfractionated accelerated radiotherapy (CHART: 54 Gy in 36 fractions over 12 days) and accelerated hypofractionated radiotherapy using 55 Gy in 20 fractions over 4 weeks are standard fractionations in our centre. The primary aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate survival outcome seen in routine clinical practice. MATERIALS AND METHODS: All case notes and radiotherapy records of radically treated @entity1 between 1999 and 2004 were retrospectively reviewed. Basic @entity1 demographics, @entity5 , characteristics, radiotherapy and survival data were collected. RESULTS: In total, 277 @entity1 received radical radiotherapy: 137 and 140 @entity1 received CHART and hypofractionated radiotherapy, respectively. There were differences noted in the demographics between the two treatment schedules: median age 65 years (range 41-83) vs 73 years (range 33-87); histological confirmation rates 90% vs 76%; prior chemotherapy 34% vs 19% for CHART and hypofractionated treatment, respectively. For CHART @entity1 , stages I, II, III and unclassified were 12, 8, 68 and 12% and the staging for the hypofractionated regimen was 54, 11, 34 and 2%, respectively. The median overall survival from the time of diagnosis was 20.4 months with a 40% 2-year survival rate. For the two fractionations the median survival was 16.6 months vs 21.4 months and 34% vs 45% of @entity1 were alive at 2 years in the CHART and hypofractionated groups, respectively. On multivariate analysis, stage was the only factor affecting overall survival - no difference was seen according to radiotherapy regimen. CONCLUSION: This single-centre study reflects the outcome of unselected consecutively treated @entity1149 @entity1 . Adjusting for stage, there was no significant difference in survival seen according to regimen. Encouragingly, CHART outcome shows reproducibility with the original CHART paper. Our hypofractionated outcome is similar to that previously reported, but despite this being the UK's most common regimen, 55 Gy in 20 daily fractions remains unvalidated by phase III trial data.

title: Accelerated radical radiotherapy for XXXX using two common regimens: a single-centre retrospective study of outcome.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Numerous studies have reported the role of microRNA-499 @entity31066 polymorphism with hepatocellular @entity189 . ( @entity157 ) risk in Asians, but the specific association is still controversial. MATERIALS AND METHODS: To derive a more precise estimation of the relationship, a meta-analysis was performed. An electronic search of PubMed database was conducted to select relevant studies. Odds ratios. (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals. (CIs) were estimated to assess the relationship between microRNA-499 @entity31066 polymorphism and @entity157 risk in Asians. RESULTS: Eight relevant studies including 2196 cases and 2701 controls were included in this meta-analysis. When all the eligible studies were pooled into this meta-analysis, no significant association of @entity157 risk with microRNA-499 @entity31066 polymorphism was found in Asians (TT vs. CC: OR = 1.00 95% CI = 0.54-1.83; TT vs. TC: OR = 0.89, 95% CI = 0.66-1.20; dominant model: OR = 1.13, 95% CI = 0.81-1.58; recessive model: OR = 0.99, 95% CI = 0.56-1.76). CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis suggests that the microRNA-499 @entity31066 polymorphism is not contributed to the risk of @entity157 in Asians. However, more studies should be performed in the future to confirm this association.

title: Meta-analysis of the relationship between microRNA-499 XXXX polymorphism and hepatocellular @entity189 risk in Asians.

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

answer: @entity31066 :: (rs3746444,SNP) :: ['rs3746444']


abstract: @entity38405 ( @entity38405 ), a new connective tissue disease was reported and named in 1989 from New Mexico, U.S.A. @entity9484 has been suspected as the causative agent of @entity38405 . This @entity9484 was made in Japan, but no definite case of @entity38405 has been reported in Japan. We report 2 @entity1 with @entity38405 . A 72-year-old @entity1 and a 74-year-old @entity1 , who had been treated with oral @entity9484 1 g/day for 4 and 5 months by the same doctor simultaneously. The clinical courses of the two cases were similar. A diffuse erythema and @entity4 appeared on the arms and spread over the whole body. The @entity272 turned into @entity1463 . @entity1712 was remarkable in the early stage. ANA, DNA anti-body and ENA antibodies were all negative. Neurological examination revealed a mild @entity1897 . No sclerodactylia and no @entity2407 in our cases are characteristic findings in @entity38405 . The simultaneous onset of two cases using the same drug at the same time implicates the close relation of @entity9484 ingestion to @entity38405 .

title: [Two cases of @entity9484 ingestion induced XXXX -myalgia syndrome].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1712 :: ('MESH:D004802', 'Disease') :: ['Eosinophilia']

entities_list: @entity9484 :: ('CHEBI:16828', 'Chemical') :: ['L-tryptophan']

entities_list: @entity38405 :: ('MESH:D016603', 'Disease') :: ['EMS', 'Eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['swelling']

entities_list: @entity2407 :: ('MESH:D011928', 'Disease') :: ["Raynaud's phenomenon"]

entities_list: @entity1463 :: ('MESH:D012598', 'Disease') :: ['lustrous sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin lesions']

answer: @entity1712 :: (MESH:D004802,Disease) :: ['eosinophilia']


abstract: This antimicrobial resistance surveillance study was performed in 100 medical centers. The susceptibility of 9347 strains including @entity526 (997 strains), @entity4005 spp. (997 strains), Enterobacter spp. (988 strains), Citrobacter spp. (834 strains), @entity104 -positive Proteae spp. (855 strains), Serratia spp. (925 strains), Acinetobacter spp. (902 strains), @entity796 (996 strains), @entity6101 -susceptible @entity794 (992 strains), and coagulase-negative staphylococci (861 strains) to 7 @entity3405 antibiotics, @entity6944 , cefpirome, @entity5505 , @entity2891 / @entity5899 , @entity2892 and @entity3400 (for gram negatives), or @entity6101 (for gram positives) was tested. No strain resistant to these beta-lactams except for @entity5505 was found in @entity6101 -susceptible @entity794 and coagulase-negative staphylococci. @entity526 (16.5%) clinical isolates were resistant to @entity3400 , whereas 1.5% or less (cefpirome = 1.5%) was resistant to other @entity7660 . @entity4005 spp. strains were more susceptible to @entity2892 (99.7%), @entity6944 (98.4%), and cefpirome (97.3%). Isolates of Enterobacter spp., Citrobacter spp., @entity104 -positive Proteae, and Serratia spp. were susceptible to @entity2892 , @entity6944 , and cefpirome, as well. Acinetobacter spp. strains were most susceptible to @entity2891 / @entity5899 (0.8% resistance), @entity2892 (3.2%), @entity5505 (6.0%), and @entity6944 (7.0%) than other @entity3405 antibiotics tested. Isolates of @entity796 were more susceptible to @entity5505 (9.9% resistance), @entity2891 / @entity5899 (14.9%), and @entity6944 (11.2%) than @entity3400 (15.5%), cefpirome (19.1%), and @entity2892 (19.3%). The percentage of @entity2892 -resistant @entity796 is around 20% in clinical isolates in Japan.

title: Evaluation of antimicrobial activity of XXXX antibiotics by Etest against clinical isolates from 100 medical centers in Japan (2004).

entities_list: @entity2892 :: ('MESH:D015378', 'Chemical') :: ['imipenem']

entities_list: @entity796 :: ('287', 'Species') :: ['Pseudomonas aeruginosa', 'P. aeruginosa']

entities_list: @entity3405 :: ('CHEBI:35627', 'Chemical') :: ['beta-lactam']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli', 'E. coli']

entities_list: @entity6944 :: ('MESH:C043266', 'Chemical') :: ['cefepime']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus', 'S. aureus']

entities_list: @entity7660 :: ('MESH:D047090', 'Chemical') :: ['beta-lactams']

entities_list: @entity6101 :: ('MESH:D010068', 'Chemical') :: ['oxacillin']

entities_list: @entity4005 :: ('MESH:D007710', 'Disease') :: ['Klebsiella']

entities_list: @entity3400 :: ('MESH:D010878', 'Chemical') :: ['piperacillin']

entities_list: @entity2891 :: ('MESH:D002438', 'Chemical') :: ['cefoperazone']

entities_list: @entity5899 :: ('MESH:D013407', 'Chemical') :: ['sulbactam']

entities_list: @entity5505 :: ('MESH:D002442', 'Chemical') :: ['ceftazidime']

answer: @entity3405 :: (CHEBI:35627,Chemical) :: ['beta-lactam']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Because most @entity1 with advanced @entity1893 ( @entity1893 ) and @entity1072 ( @entity1072 ) respond to radioimmunotherapy (RIT), the study was designed to evaluate the relationship between response and survival in @entity1 treated with radiolabeled Lym-1. METHODS: Fifty-seven @entity1 with @entity1893 (52) or @entity1072 (5) were treated with radiolabeled Lym-1 antibody between 1985 and 1994. Influence of response to treatment on survival was examined directly and was also adjusted for other factors previously found to be significant predictors of survival. A multivariate model that was based on baseline Karnofsky performance status (KPS) and serum lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) predicted response and survival and was used to define risk groups. Proportional-hazards, Kaplan-Meier, and Landmark models were used to evaluate parameters for their ability to predict outcome. RESULTS: By using a proportional-hazards model with response as a time-dependent variable, overall response (P < 0.001) and complete response (P = 0.006) were predictive of increased survival in univariate analyses. Overall response continued to be significant (P = 0.02) in multivariate analyses, even when risk groups that also predicted survival were included. Median survival of responders was 84 weeks, whereas that of nonresponders was 22 weeks when the Landmark method, based on response status at 16 weeks from start of therapy, was used to generate survival curves. CONCLUSIONS: Response to treatment with radiolabeled Lym-1 was associated with increased survival, even when adjusted for baseline clinical parameters that also predicted for survival. The results provide the first unbiased evidence for survival effects of RIT in @entity1 .

title: Increased survival associated with radiolabeled Lym-1 therapy for @entity1893 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ["non-Hodgkin's lymphoma", 'NHL']

entities_list: @entity1072 :: ('MESH:D015451', 'Disease') :: ['CLL', 'chronic lymphocytic leukemia']

answer: @entity1072 :: (MESH:D015451,Disease) :: ['chronic lymphocytic leukemia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To review the characteristics of unintentional @entity130 and their impact on @entity1 and adolescents. SOURCES OF DATA: Articles published between 2000 and 2005 in the MEDLINE, EBSCO, Proquest, SciELO, BVS and Google Scholar databases were selected. The authors used the keywords unintentional @entity130 , @entity130 , safe home, burns, falls, drowning, scorpions, snakes, @entity4968 , @entity1 , adolescent, mortality, injury control, and hospitalization. Some articles were evaluated based on the selected publications. SUMMARY OF THE FINDINGS: Unintentional @entity130 in the world and in Brazil are analyzed, and so are the behaviors currently adopted for injury prevention and control. The impact on mortality, on physical damage, and the economic burden of @entity130 are evaluated. Special emphasis is placed on home environment, approaching the effects of @entity1 development, social disparities and contextualization of home environment on @entity1 's world and vulnerabilities. The main types of events that cause physical damage to the @entity1 and adolescent in the home environment are described. CONCLUSION: The prevention of @entity130 in the home environment is possible. In this case, health professionals have the challenge to reduce the consequences of unintentional @entity130 on the morbidity and mortality of @entity1 and young @entity1 in Brazil and in the whole world.

title: [Unintentional XXXX in the home environment: home safety].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'people', 'child']

entities_list: @entity4968 :: ('MESH:D011041', 'Disease') :: ['poisoning']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['injuries']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['injuries']


abstract: During a period of 6 months, urine from 3576 @entity1 was cultured for @entity8439 . Specimens from 32 @entity1 yielded this species. Eleven (0.3%) of the isolates were judged to be of clinical importance. Seven were from @entity1 and four from @entity1 . Two of these @entity1 , both @entity1 , suffered from spontaneous @entity2335 . Hence @entity8439 is very unusual as a primary pathogen in the urinary tract. More often it may cause @entity281 related to @entity5450 or as a complication of urological procedures. Two of the @entity1 in our series had @entity1069 , one an infected @entity6986 . All six remaining @entity1 had either undergone a urological procedure or had had an indwelling urethral catheter for more than 6 hours. A selective medium for @entity8439 is recommended for screening cultures before urological procedures and when this species is suspected on microscopy. The role of @entity868 in extravaginal @entity281 is discussed and the use of an antibiotic more active against @entity8439 is recommended.

title: XXXX in @entity281 of the urinary tract.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1069 :: ('MESH:D053448', 'Disease') :: ['chronic prostatitis']

entities_list: @entity868 :: ('MESH:D008795', 'Chemical') :: ['metronidazole']

entities_list: @entity8439 :: ('2702', 'Species') :: ['G. vaginalis', 'Gardnerella vaginalis']

entities_list: @entity5450 :: ('MESH:D014570', 'Disease') :: ['urological abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

answer: @entity8439 :: (2702,Species) :: ['Gardnerella vaginalis']


abstract: Despite treatment with intensive immunosuppressive drug regimens, often the prognosis of @entity1 suffering from @entity1252 ( @entity1252 ) is poor. Side effects such as infections and @entity5 often occur. It was the aim of this trial to assess the effect of immunosuppression, in particular with @entity205 , and the efficacy, safety, and clinical utility of intermittent treatment with therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) in comparison to previous intensive therapy strategies using @entity288 , @entity500 , and/or @entity786 . In this prospective trial, 28 @entity1 (24 @entity1 , 4 @entity1 , aged 36.3 +/- 11.8 years at the diagnosis of @entity1252 ) were treated for up to 10 years with drug regimens out of @entity288 , @entity500 , and/or @entity786 . Then, over a period of up to 8 years, in addition to conventional therapies, especially in active stages of the disease with extremely high concentrations of anti-DNA, anti-nuclear antibodies, and circulating immunocomplexes, TPE sessions were carried out depending on symptomatology. In addition, the @entity1 received @entity205 . Compared with previous treatment modalities, clinical symptoms improved more quickly and more effectively. During the study period of a mean of 5 years, @entity288 , @entity500 , and @entity786 were reduced by 40 to 100%. No severe side effects were seen. In acute stages of @entity1252 and in forms with persistently high antibody levels, the addition of TPE sessions and @entity205 as the basic immunosuppressive drug is mostly very effective with regard to improving clinical symptomatology.

title: @entity205 and therapeutic plasma exchange in the treatment of severe XXXX .

entities_list: @entity500 :: ('MESH:D001379', 'Chemical') :: ['azathioprine']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancies']

entities_list: @entity1252 :: ('MESH:D008180', 'Disease') :: ['SLE', 'systemic lupus erythematosus']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporin']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity1252 :: (MESH:D008180,Disease) :: ['systemic lupus erythematosus']


abstract: The cytokine IL-12 is a key molecule in the regulation of CD4+ T cell development and specifically potentiates the development of T helper 1 responses in @entity19 and @entity1 . However the biological effects mediated by @entity291 IL-12 have not been defined in @entity291 . To produce the expression of the two mature proteins a polyprotein approach was used. This system is employed by positive strand viruses and encodes both products from a single @entity5545 ( @entity5545 ). The 2A region of @entity4021 virus (FMDV) encodes a site that appears to undergo auto-cleavage. Here the 2A was flanked by sequences encoding the @entity10669 and @entity4666 polypeptides of the heterodimeric cytokine to mediate their cleavage. Formation of the correct heterodimeric structure is an absolute requirement for IL-12 biologic activity. Using @entity4375 ) and ovalbumin (OVA) we studied the effects of IL-12 on the responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) to these antigens, in vitro. The presence of IL-12 markedly influenced the level of @entity379 secreted by these cells, and although IL-12 induced @entity379 production in the absence of antigenic stimulation, @entity379 production was accelerated and augmented in response to IL-12 and antigen. Analysis of the T cell subsets by flow cytometry showed that CD4+ T cells comprised the largest contributors to @entity379 production. The @entity37824 + gd T cells did not appear to contribute to the production of @entity379 .

title: Influence of IL-12 on interferon-gamma production by XXXX leucocyte subsets in response to @entity4375 .

entities_list: @entity4021 :: ('MESH:D005536', 'Disease') :: ['foot-and-mouth disease']

entities_list: @entity4375 :: ('11246', 'Species') :: ['bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV']

entities_list: @entity5545 :: ('MESH:D004410', 'Disease') :: ['ORF', 'open reading frame']

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['bovine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) @entity456 and decortication have been proven to be effective treatments in the early stages of @entity3509 , the optimal timing of VATS is still not clear. To assess the effectiveness of early VATS drainage and decortication, we reviewed the records of @entity1 who underwent VATS and open decortication for @entity3509 . METHODS: One hundred twenty-eight @entity1 with @entity3509 were treated with VATS and open decortication over 8 years at Korea University Anam Hospital. The VATS @entity1 (120 @entity1 ) were divided into 3 groups based on the interval between the onset of chest symptoms and the time of operation (group 1: <2 weeks; group 2: 2 to 4 weeks; group 3: >4 weeks). Additional 8 open decortication @entity1 with symptom durations greater than 4 weeks were compared with group 3 @entity1 . RESULTS: Groups 1 and 2 showed shorter chest tube duration, postoperative hospital stay, surgical procedure time, and fewer prolonged air leaks than group 3. No significant difference was noted between groups 1 and 2; and no difference was noted in the length of postoperative intensive care unit stays or the reintervention and reoperation rates among the 3 groups. In @entity102 @entity1 , group 3 showed shorter chest tube duration than the open decortication group. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with symptom durations of less than 4 weeks showed better early results than those with symptom durations greater than 4 weeks. Thus, symptom duration can be considered a reliable preoperative factor in deciding the surgical management of @entity3509 or cases involving @entity1143 .

title: Optimal timing of thoracoscopic drainage and decortication for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1143 :: ('MESH:D010996', 'Disease') :: ['loculated pleural effusion']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic empyema']

entities_list: @entity456 :: ('MESH:D010995', 'Disease') :: ['pleural drainage']

answer: @entity3509 :: (MESH:D004653,Disease) :: ['empyema']


abstract: We have combined @entity900 , @entity1487 infusion, and radiation in an every-other-week schedule in a phase I-II study of 44 @entity1 with @entity135 to assess @entity137 and response. Ten @entity1 were treated palliatively with 2 to 6 cycles of therapy, and 34 were treated curatively with a planned 7 cycles. Of 34 @entity1 treated curatively, all were initially controlled. Three died during treatment (1 @entity583 , 1 bowel perforation, and 1 @entity177 after @entity4028 antibiotics). Four @entity1 have had regional recurrences, 7 failed at distant sites (follow-up 2 to 5 yr). Thirty-three percent of 20 @entity1 with complete clinical disappearance of all evidence of their @entity5 have had a recurrence, as have 38% of 14 (P greater than .1) with some @entity854 (partial responders) following treatment. All failures were in the 25 @entity1 with T4 and/or N3 disease. None of the 9 @entity1 with @entity5 who were followed for 24 months or more had recurrences. Eighteen @entity1 (53%) survive with a projected 3-year survival of 63% (95% confidence interval 47% to 77%). Nine (27%) have died of disease, 1 (3%) died of a second primary in the head and neck, 3 (9%) of intercurrent disease at 15 to 45 months, and 3 (9%) during treatment. Of the 10 @entity1 treated palliatively, 1 died during treatment with @entity1578 , 6 had complete responses, and 2 had partial responses.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Concomitant therapy with infusion of @entity900 and @entity1487 plus radiation in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck cancer']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'lesser stage IV or stage III disease']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity1578 :: ('MESH:D017093', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic failure']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['residual abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity4028 :: ('CHEBI:47779', 'Chemical') :: ['amino-glycoside']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['5-fluorouracil']

answer: @entity135 :: (MESH:D006258,Disease) :: ['head and neck cancer']


abstract: Qualitative analysis of urinary proteins is contrasted with histological findings of 45 renal biopsies performed in @entity1 with chronic @entity631 . Compared to electrophoresis on cellulose @entity598 and immunoelectrophoresis, a method using @entity2975 gel after @entity3208 treatment makes for more refined and objective differentiation of @entity854 . On the whole, @entity644 of the selective glomerular or physiological type predominates in the event of minimal change or membranous lesions. The non-selective type is found more frequently with diffuse proliferative or @entity631 (p less than 0.025). There are, however, too many exceptions to this rule to allow certainty, and a precise diagnosis of the particular type of @entity631 is thus only possible histologically. Each type of histological involvement may cause almost any of the qualitative abnormalities of @entity644 . On the other hand, qualitative analysis of urinary proteins is useful for the detection of @entity631 . A glomerular type of @entity644 may sometimes reveal involvement of kidneys at a time when, quantitatively, there is no @entity644 . In cases of @entity644 a persistent glomerular type of tracing in recumbency suggests an organic kidney ailment. All @entity1 in this series had a glomerular type of @entity644 when excretion was pathological, thus allowing a distinction from pure tubular involvement. 10 @entity1 of the group, however, although they clearly had @entity8 (3 were diffuse proliferative @entity631 ) showed perfectly normal @entity644 both quantitatively and qualitatively. This was the case in @entity1252 where kidney biopsy was performed without clinical suspicion of renal involvement. In summary, qualitative abnormalities of @entity644 call attention to underlying @entity631 , although no distinction can be made between the various forms and there may be no detectable abnormality even in the event of major kidney involvement.

title: [Value and limits of urinary protein electrophoresis with XXXX in the evaluation of glomerular @entity8 ].

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['orthostatic proteinuria', 'proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['glomerular lesions']

entities_list: @entity3208 :: ('MESH:D012967', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium dodecylsulfate']

entities_list: @entity598 :: ('CHEBI:47622', 'Chemical') :: ['acetate']

entities_list: @entity1252 :: ('MESH:D008180', 'Disease') :: ['systemic lupus erythematosus']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['protein abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity2975 :: ('CHEBI:51135', 'Chemical') :: ['polyacrylamide']

entities_list: @entity631 :: ('MESH:D005921', 'Disease') :: ['glomerulonephritis', 'membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis']

answer: @entity3208 :: (MESH:D012967,Chemical) :: ['sodium dodecyl sulfate']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are thought to be major mediators of cartilage destruction. @entity571 ( @entity571 ) is characterised by cartilage degradation. This study explores gene expression of three MMPs in articular chondrocytes during the histological development of the cartilage lesion of @entity571 . METHODS: Biopsy specimens of @entity1 normal and @entity571 cartilage, classified into four grades on the basis of histology, were probed for @entity45560 using 35S-labelled cDNA probes. The signal was measured at four different depths (zones) using an automated image analyser and compared with signal from sections probed with lambda DNA. Rheumatoid synovium was used as a positive control for MMP gene expression. RESULTS: Rheumatoid tissue contained mRNA for all three MMPs. Expression in chondrocytes varied with the depth of the chondrocyte in the cartilage and the histomorphological extent of the @entity571 changes. There was no detectable mRNA signal for these three MMPs in normal cartilage. In general, in @entity571 , @entity3334 gene expression was greatest in the superficial cartilage in @entity66 . By contrast mRNAs for @entity28404 were expressed deeper in the cartilage, @entity1495 early in disease and @entity1549 with a biphasic pattern in early and late stage disease, most pronounced in the latter. This was a consequence of differential expression in single cells and chondrocyte clusters in late disease. CONCLUSION: The data indicate that expression of genes for @entity45560 is differentially regulated in @entity1 articular chondrocytes and, in individual cells, is related to the depth of the chondrocyte below the cartilage surface and the nature and extent of the cartilage lesion.

title: Gene expression of matrix metalloproteinases 1, 3, and 9 by chondrocytes in osteoarthritic XXXX knee articular cartilage is zone and grade specific.

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['OA', 'Osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['established disease']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The goal of the study was to evaluate the incidence and possible predictive factors of post-tonsillectomy @entity548 (PTH) in @entity1 with @entity17107 , treated by @entity697 . METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was performed on 205 @entity1 who underwent bilateral abscess tonsillectomy under general anesthesia. Age, sex, smoking habits, history of @entity5389 or @entity17107 , current medical treatment, side of the @entity17107 , initial treatment, surgeon's experience, procedure duration, intra- and postoperative anti-inflammatory medications, and side of @entity548 were analyzed. RESULTS: Bleeding occurred in 27 @entity1 (13%). Ipsilateral @entity548 was observed in 8 @entity1 (4%) and @entity548 in 19 @entity1 (9%). The higher incidence of PTH in the side contralateral to the abscess was found to be statistically significant (P = 0.02). Male gender (P = 0.042), smoking (P = 0.009), and @entity117 intake (P = 0.008) were statistically significant factors associated with an increased PTH risk. CONCLUSION: The risk of @entity548 following abscess tonsillectomy seems higher than reported in elective tonsillectomy. This high incidence is mainly due to @entity1 with prior @entity117 intake or to @entity548 in the side contralateral to the abscess. @entity86 could be reduced by performing a unilateral @entity697 in selected @entity1 . An algorithm is proposed for the management of @entity17107 based on age, prior history of pharyngo-tonsillar infections, @entity117 intake, and clinical improvement after initial drainage and antibiotherapy. EBM RATING: C.

title: XXXX risk after quinsy tonsillectomy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute abscess tonsillectomy']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage', 'bleeding', 'contralateral hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity5389 :: ('MESH:D014069', 'Disease') :: ['recurrent tonsillitis']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative bleeding']

entities_list: @entity17107 :: ('MESH:D000039', 'Disease') :: ['peritonsillar abscess', 'prior peritonsillar abscess']

answer: @entity548 :: (MESH:D006470,Disease) :: ['Hemorrhage']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Genome-wide DNA hypomethylation plays a role in genomic instability and @entity105 . DNA methylation in the long interspersed @entity377 element 1 L1 (LINE-1) repetitive element is a good indicator of global DNA methylation level. LINE-1 methylation is a useful marker for predicting @entity5 prognosis and monitoring efficacy of adjuvant therapy. Nonetheless, no study has examined LINE-1 methylation in @entity1721 ( @entity1721 ). The aim of this study is to assess the precision of @entity4389 conversion and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) pyrosequencing assay for evaluating LINE-1 methylation in @entity1721 . METHODS: To measure assay precision, we performed @entity9736 conversion on 5 different DNA specimen aliquots ( @entity9736 -to- @entity9736 ) and repeated PCR pyrosequencing five times (run to run). Second, to assess heterogeneity of LINE-1 methylation levels within @entity5 , we made 5 different tissue sections from one @entity5 and examined LINE-1 methylation level of each section (section to section). Third, to evaluate LINE-1 methylation status in @entity1721 , we applied this assay to 30 ESCCs and 30 matched normal esophageal mucosa. RESULTS: @entity9736 -to- @entity9736 standard deviation (SD) ranged from 1.44 to 2.90 (median 2.32) in ESCCs; and 0.57 to 4.02 (median 1.23) in normal esophagus. Run-to-run SD ranged from 0.63 to 3.25 (median 1.54) in ESCCs. Section-to-section SD ranged from 1.37 to 3.31 (median 1.94). @entity1721 tissues showed significantly lower levels of LINE-1 methylation than matched normal mucosa (P < .0001; n = 30). There was no significant relationship between LINE-1 methylation level and @entity5 stage (P = 0.14). CONCLUSIONS: @entity9736 conversion and PCR pyrosequencing assay can measure LINE-1 methylation in @entity1721 , and may be useful in clinical and research settings.

title: Pyrosequencing assay to measure LINE-1 methylation level in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity377 :: ('CHEBI:36976', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotide']

entities_list: @entity1721 :: ('MESH:C562729', 'Disease') :: ['ESCC', 'esophageal squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity9736 :: ('MESH:C042345', 'Chemical') :: ['Bisulfite', 'bisulfite']

entities_list: @entity105 :: ('MESH:D063646', 'Disease') :: ['carcinogenesis']

entities_list: @entity4389 :: ('MESH:C009279', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium bisulfite']

answer: @entity1721 :: (MESH:C562729,Disease) :: ['esophageal squamous cell carcinoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To examine the effect of @entity1 ' causal attributions of common somatic symptoms on recognition by general practitioners of cases of @entity308 and @entity148 and to test the hypothesis that normalising attributions make recognition less likely. DESIGN: Cross sectional survey. SETTING: One general practice of eight doctors in Bristol. SUBJECTS: 305 general practice attenders. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: The rate of detection by general practitioners of cases of @entity308 and @entity148 as defined by the general health questionnaire. RESULTS: Consecutive attenders completed the general health questionnaire and the symptom interpretation questionnaire, which scores style of symptom attribution along the dimensions of psychologising, somatising, and normalising. General practitioners detected @entity308 or @entity148 in 56 (36%; 95% confidence interval 28% to 44%) of the 157 @entity1 who scored highly on the general health questionnaire. Subjects with a normalising attributional style were less likely to be detected as cases; doctors did not make any psychological diagnosis in 46 (85%; 73% to 93%) of 54 @entity1 who had high questionnaire and high normalising scores. Those with a psychologising style were more likely to be detected; doctors did not detect 21 (38%; 25% to 52%) of 55 @entity1 who had high questionnaire and high psychologising scores. The somatisation scale was not associated with low detection rates. This pattern of results persisted after adjustment for age, sex, general health questionnaire score, and general practitioner. CONCLUSIONS: Normalising attributions minimise symptoms and are non-pathological in character. The normalising attributional style is predominant in general practice attenders and is an important cause of low rates of detection of @entity308 and @entity148 .

title: Cross sectional study of symptom attribution and recognition of @entity308 and XXXX in primary care.

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

answer: @entity148 :: (MESH:D001008,Disease) :: ['anxiety']


abstract: AIMS: The aim of this study is to analyze the prognostic factors for overall and relapse-free survival that may help select @entity1 for pulmonary metastasectomy and inform their prognosis. METHODS: From 1978 to 2008 130 @entity1 underwent pulmonary metastasectomy for bone ( @entity421 , @entity511 and @entity2828 ) and soft tissue @entity242 . Outcome measures analyzed were time to @entity204 and relapse and Cox regression models analyzed the association of prognostic factors. RESULTS: In total 114 @entity1 were analyzed. The 5-year post-metastasectomy overall survival rate was 43%. The 5-year relapse-free survival rate was 19%. In the multivariate analysis, an incomplete surgical resection (P = 0.02) was associated with an increased risk of @entity204 . There was weak evidence that a diameter of the largest resected @entity3 >=  1.8 cm (P = 0.07) and a disease-free interval of  <= 18 months (P = 0.08) were associated with an increased risk of @entity204 . CONCLUSION: Poor prognostic factors for overall survival after a pulmonary metastasectomy are an incomplete surgical resection, a large diameter of the biggest resected @entity3 and a short disease-free interval. The role of perioperative chemotherapy is uncertain.

title: Pulmonary metastasectomy for bone and soft tissue @entity242 in Australia: 114 XXXX from 1978 to 2008.

entities_list: @entity2828 :: ('MESH:D012512', 'Disease') :: ["Ewing's sarcoma"]

entities_list: @entity511 :: ('MESH:D002813', 'Disease') :: ['chondrosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity242 :: ('MESH:D012509', 'Disease') :: ['sarcomas']

entities_list: @entity421 :: ('MESH:D012516', 'Disease') :: ['osteosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Specific IgE to @entity794 enterotoxins ( @entity13093 ) has been associated with @entity565 . In the general population, we aimed to determine the prevalence of and risk factors for serum @entity13093 and to examine the association with @entity565 . METHODS: A postal questionnaire was sent to a random sample of adults in 19 centers across Europe. A random sample of respondents was invited for clinical examination upon which they answered a questionnaire, underwent skin prick tests (SPTs) for common aeroallergens, and provided blood for measurement of total IgE and @entity13093 . Risks were analyzed within centers using weighted logistic regression, and overall estimates calculated using fixed-effects meta-analysis. RESULTS: 2908 subjects were included in this analysis. Prevalence of positive @entity13093 was 29.3%; no significant geographic variation was observed. In contrast to positive skin prick tests, @entity13093 was more common in smokers (<15 pack-year: OR 1.11, P  =  0.079, >= 15 pack-year: OR 1.70, P  <  0.001), and prevalence did not decrease in older age-groups or in those with many siblings. Total IgE concentrations were higher in those with positive @entity13093 than in those with positive SPT. @entity13093 was associated with @entity565 (OR 2.10, 95% confidence interval [1.60-2.76], P  =  0.001) in a concentration-dependent manner. This effect was independent of SPT result and homogeneous across all centers. CONCLUSIONS: We report for the first time that @entity13093 is common in the general population throughout Europe and that its risk factors differ from those of IgE against aeroallergens. This is the first study to show that @entity13093 is significantly and independently associated with @entity565 in the general population.

title: @entity794 enterotoxin-specific IgE is associated with XXXX in the general population: a GA(2)LEN study.

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']

answer: @entity565 :: (MESH:D001249,Disease) :: ['asthma']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: This study aimed at quantifying the breathing variations among @entity2 @entity1 over full courses of fractionated radiotherapy. The intention was to relate these variations to the margins assigned to @entity5 , to account for respiratory motion, in fractionated radiotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eleven @entity2 @entity1 were included in the study. The @entity1 ' chest wall motions were monitored as a surrogate measure for breathing motion during each fraction of radiotherapy by use of an external optical marker. The exhale level variations were evaluated with respect to exhale points and fraction-baseline, defined for intra- and interfraction variations respectively. The breathing amplitude was evaluated as breathing cycle amplitudes and fraction-max-amplitudes defined for intra- and interfraction breathing, respectively. RESULTS: The breathing variations over a full treatment course, including both intra- and interfraction variations, were 15.2mm (median over the @entity1 population), range 5.5-26.7mm, with the variations in exhale level as the major contributing factor. The median interfraction span in exhale level was 14.8mm, whereas the median fraction-max-amplitude was 6.1mm (median of @entity1 individual SD 1.4). The median intrafraction span in exhale level was 1.6mm, and the median breathing cycle amplitude was 4.0mm (median of @entity1 individual SD 1.4). CONCLUSIONS: The variations in externally measured exhale levels are larger than variations in breathing amplitude. The interfraction variations in exhale level are in general are up to 10 times larger than intrafraction variations. Margins to account for respiratory motion cannot safely be based on one planning session, especially not if relying on measuring external marker motion. @entity5 should include interfraction variations in breathing.

title: Intra- and interfraction breathing variations during curative radiotherapy for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Margins for lung tumours', 'lung tumours']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['lung cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity63 , the most severe form of @entity3657 , results in extremity amputation if left untreated. Endovascular recanalization of stenotic or occluded infrapopliteal arteries has recently emerged as an effective form of therapy, although the duration of patency is typically limited by @entity256 . Recently, it has been suggested that drug-eluting stents originally developed for the coronary arteries might also be effective in preventing @entity256 in the infrapopliteal arteries. This prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial tested the hypothesis that treatment of infrapopliteal arterial occlusive lesions with an @entity2239 -eluting stent (Xience V) would provide superior patency to treatment with a bare-metal stent (Multi-Link Vision). METHODS: A sample size of 140 @entity1 was planned to be enrolled at five European investigative sites. The primary end point was arterial patency at 12 months, defined as the absence of >= 50% @entity256 based on quantitative analysis of contrast angiography. RESULTS: Between March of 2008 and September of 2009, 74 @entity1 were treated with Xience V and 66 @entity1 were treated with Vision. After 12 months, the primary patency rate after treatment with Xience V was 85% compared with 54% after treatment with Vision (P = .0001). Treatment with Xience V significantly reduced mean in-stent diameter stenosis (21%    21% vs 47%    27%; P < .0001) and mean in-stent late lumen loss (0.78    0.63 vs 1.41    0.89 mm; P = .001). There were no differences in the percentage of @entity1 receiving a designation of Rutherford class 0 or 1 at the 12-month follow-up visit (56% for Vision, vs 60% for Xience V; P = .68). Major extremity amputations were rare in both groups (two for Vision and one for Xience V). The use of the Xience V stent significantly reduced the need for repeat intervention: freedom from @entity75 revascularization was 91% for Xience V vs 66% for Vision (P = .001). CONCLUSIONS: Treatment of the @entity432 of @entity63 with @entity2239 -eluting stents reduces @entity256 and the need for reintervention compared with bare metal stents.

title: Randomized comparison of @entity2239 -eluting versus bare-metal stents in @entity1 with @entity63 and infrapopliteal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3657 :: ('MESH:D058729', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral arterial disease']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['Critical limb ischemia', 'critical limb ischemia']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['target lesion']

entities_list: @entity256 :: ('MESH:D023903', 'Disease') :: ['restenosis']

entities_list: @entity2239 :: ('MESH:C107135', 'Chemical') :: ['everolimus']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['infrapopliteal occlusive lesions']

answer: @entity432 :: (MESH:D001157,Disease) :: ['arterial occlusive disease']


abstract: @entity1 after surgery stand at high risk of developing @entity1031 complications. Nevertheless, there is at present no universal and valid guideline on the duration of heparin prophylaxis. This study aims to assess the @entity1031 risk after the different surgical treatments for different risk groups, based on the activation of the @entity3459 and fibrinolysis system. This is measured by estimating the levels of the fibrin monomers (FM) and @entity4620 ( @entity4620 ) in plasma during the pre-, peri-, and postsurgical periods in @entity1 from the different clinical risk categories (i. e., posttraumatic or elective hip replacement and osteosynthesis and abdominal surgery: conventional or minimal invasive in malignant and non @entity5 ). During an observation period of 14 days the FM and @entity4620 levels were found to be significantly elevated in @entity1 from all risk groups. Underlying @entity5 lead to an elevation of the procoagulatory risk, whereas age itself does not. @entity1 who underwent hip surgery seemed to be especially at risk. Even after 14 days or at the date of discharge the FM and @entity4620 levels were elevated to maximum showing sustained precoagulatory conditions and increased @entity1031 risk. For these @entity1 the long-term prophylaxis, lasting possibly longer than the average hospitalization period, seems evident. Clinical trials to prove this hypothesis are nevertheless urgently recommended. A corresponding clinical trial that compares long-term against standard heparinization was therefore initiated and is now in progress.

title: The pre-, peri-, and postsurgical activation of coagulation and the XXXX risk for different risk groups.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant diseases']

entities_list: @entity4620 :: ('MESH:D003699', 'Disease') :: ['FD', 'fibrin-D-dimers']

entities_list: @entity3459 :: ('MESH:D025861', 'Disease') :: ['plasmatic coagulation']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['thromboembolic']

answer: @entity1031 :: (MESH:D013923,Disease) :: ['thromboembolic']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity712 ( @entity712 ) @entity1 have a high degree of @entity2100 and @entity734 from physical, cognitive and psychological points of view, and are a mainly geriatric population. AIM: To detect the existence of @entity2100 in all @entity1 treated in a @entity712 Unit and to evaluate age and sex differences. METHODS: All @entity1 underwent a basic geriatric evaluation to detect possible loss of autonomy for doing basic and instrumental activities, @entity73 , @entity132 or social risk. RESULTS: Three hundred sixty @entity1 (mean age 65.2 years, 41.7% > or = 70 years, 27.5% @entity1 ) were evaluated. @entity2100 was detected in 41.7% of @entity1 , being more prevalent in @entity1 > or = 70 years (p<0.001) and in @entity1 (p<0.001). A Barthel Index < 90 was found in 22.5% of @entity1 and an anomalous OARS Scale was found in 18.3%. Pfeiffer test's score was abnormal in 7.8% of @entity1 . A positive @entity308 response in abbreviate GDS was observed in 29.7%. All items analysed were more prevalent in @entity1 > or = 70 years and in @entity1 , with the unexpected exception of @entity308 symptoms that were as prevalent in younger as in older @entity1 . CONCLUSION: @entity2100 is common in @entity1 with @entity712 , even in younger @entity1 , and can be detected easily using standardised geriatric scales. Prevalence of @entity2100 was significantly higher in older @entity1 and in @entity1 , although the presence of @entity308 symptoms was as prevalent in younger as in older @entity1 .

title: Sex and age differences in XXXX in a @entity712 population.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['HF', 'Heart failure', 'Heart Failure', 'heart failure']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity132 :: ('MESH:D010468', 'Disease') :: ['emotional disturbance']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive deterioration']

entities_list: @entity2100 :: ('MESH:D005600', 'Disease') :: ['fragility', 'Fragility']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['dependence']

answer: @entity2100 :: (MESH:D005600,Disease) :: ['fragility']


abstract: @entity4177 is a rare pediatric malignancy that frequently appears in an advanced unresectable stage. Improved resectability and survival rate have been reported with the help of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Between January 1987 and June 1995 a series of 20 @entity1 were managed with a diagnosis of @entity4177 . The median age at diagnosis was 13 months (2 months to 7 years 10 months) with a male/female ratio of 13:7. Chemotherapy effectively reduced the @entity5 volume (with statistical significance: p = 0.008) and was able to convert seven of nine initially unresectable @entity5 (78%) to resectable ones. Altogether, 14 operations were done, 12 radical and 2 palliative, with or without adjuvant chemotherapy. The whole population was followed for a median duration of 33 months; and the median survival for the whole group was 26 months. The curative resection group displayed a 5-year survival rate of 61.1%, but none in the noncurative group survived more than 13 months (p = 0.0001). In the univariate analysis for prognostic factors, large @entity5 size at diagnosis and the absence of @entity882 were associated with poor survival, but these differences were not statistically significant. Pure fetal histology was not associated with better prognosis. In this new era of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, the optimal management strategy for @entity4177 is still debated, with radical surgical resection at the earliest possible time being the final goal. For now an individualized approach appears to be the protocol of choice.

title: Clinical characteristics and prognosis of XXXX with @entity4177 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity4177 :: ('MESH:D018197', 'Disease') :: ['Hepatoblastoma', 'hepatoblastoma']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In the healthy back only the outer third of the annulus fibrosus of the intervertebral disc is innervated. Nerve ingrowth deeper into diseased intervertebral disc has been reported, but how common this feature is and whether it is associated with @entity1118 are unknown. We examined nerve growth into the intervertebral disc in the pathogenesis of @entity1643 . METHODS: We collected 46 samples of intervertebral discs from 38 @entity1 during spinal fusion for @entity615 . 30 samples were from @entity158 levels clinically established by discography and 16 samples were from adjacent vertebral levels with no @entity158 . We obtained 34 control samples of intervertebral disc from previously healthy individuals with normal histology within 8 h of recorded death. We used standard immunohistochemical techniques to test for a general nerve marker, a nociceptive neurotransmitter ( @entity4757 ), and a protein expressed during axonogenesis ( @entity13573 [ @entity13573 ]). FINDINGS: We identified nerve fibres in the outer third of the annulus fibrosus in 48 (60%) of the 80 samples of intervertebral discs. Nerves were restricted to the outer or middle third of the annulus fibrosus in the 34 control samples. Among the @entity1 with @entity1643 , nerves extended into the inner third of the annulus fibrosus and into the nucleus pulposus in 21 (46%) and ten (22%) samples, respectively. Nerves usually accompanied blood vessels, but in 14 of the samples from back- @entity158 @entity1 , isolated nerve fibres were seen in the discal matrix. Both types of nerve fibres expressed @entity4757 , but only non-vessel-associated fibres expressed @entity13573 . Deep nerve ingrowth into the inner third of the annulus fibrosus, the nucleus pulposus, or both was seen in four (25%) of 16 biopsy samples from non- @entity158 levels and in 17 (57%) samples from @entity158 levels. Of the 16 paired samples from both @entity158 and non- @entity158 levels, five @entity158 and one non- @entity158 -level sample showed deep nerve ingrowth. INTERPRETATION: Our finding of isolated nerve fibres that express @entity4757 deep within diseased intervertebral discs and their association with @entity158 suggests an important role for nerve growth into the intervertebral disc in the pathogenesis of @entity1643 .

title: Nerve ingrowth into diseased intervertebral disc in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1643 :: ('MESH:D017116', 'Disease') :: ['chronic low back pain']

entities_list: @entity13573 :: ('2596', 'Gene') :: ['GAP43', 'growth-associated protein 43']

entities_list: @entity615 :: ('MESH:D001416', 'Disease') :: ['chronic back pain']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain-level samples', 'pain']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain']

answer: @entity615 :: (MESH:D001416,Disease) :: ['chronic back pain']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether exercise confounds the relationship between @entity1501 and cerebrovascular events, all-cause @entity303 , and @entity195 . DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. SETTING: Multiple centers in Canada. @entity1 : In the Canadian Study of Health and Aging, 466 @entity1 reported exercise levels, had @entity1501 measurements, and were not demented at baseline. After 5 years, 194 had adverse cerebrovascular events, and 65 had @entity303 ( @entity195 in 47). MEASUREMENTS: Associations between @entity1501 and cerebrovascular outcomes were examined using logistic regression in the presence and absence of exercise and other confounders. RESULTS: @entity1501 was associated with greater risk of @entity195 (odds ratio (OR)=2.12, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.01-4.54) and cerebrovascular outcomes (OR=2.05, 95% CI=1.11-3.78) in adjusted analyses before the inclusion of exercise and neared significance with all-cause @entity303 (OR=1.80, 95% CI=0.94-3.45). After the inclusion of exercise, the association between @entity1501 and @entity303 and @entity195 was 29% and 25% lower, respectively, and neither association was any longer significant ( @entity195 : OR=1.91, 95% CI=0.89-4.11; all-cause @entity303 : OR=1.62, 95% CI=0.84-3.15). Exercise was a significant confounder in the relationship between @entity1501 and @entity195 (P=.03) and @entity303 (P=.003) but not cerebrovascular outcomes (P=.64). Unlike @entity1501 , exercise was significantly associated with @entity195 (OR=0.43, 95% CI=0.19-0.98) and @entity303 (OR=0.35, 95% CI=0.17-0.72) in adjusted analyses. CONCLUSION: Exercise seems to account for much of the relationship between @entity1501 and incident @entity303 and @entity195 .

title: Exercise: a potential contributing factor to the relationship between XXXX and @entity303 .

entities_list: @entity1501 :: ('MESH:D005492', 'Chemical') :: ['Folate', 'folate']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PARTICIPANTS', 'people']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["Alzheimer's disease"]

answer: @entity1501 :: (MESH:D005492,Chemical) :: ['folate']


abstract: This study retrospectively reviewed 9 cases of complicated hepatic cystic @entity8434 with @entity397 who were surgically treated with pericystectomy in combination with Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy in our hospital from 2004 to 2010. The clinical features, results of laboratory tests, B-mode ultrasonography and CT, post-operative recovery, days of hospital stay after the operation and post-operative complications were statistically analyzed and the @entity1 were followed up. The subjects in our series included 7 males and 2 females, whose average age was 50.78  7.58 years. Before operation, 9 @entity1 suffered from @entity158 , which, in 4 cases (44.45%), were accompanied with @entity221 and chills. Preoperative B-mode ultrosonography and CT showed that all the 9 @entity1 had single hydatid cyst, with their diameter being 9.33  1.58 cm on average. The lesions involved segments V, VI in 6 cases, and segment IV in 3 cases. By WHO classification, 7 cases were classified as @entity2602 cases as CE4. They all had choledochectasia. The subjects underwent the surgery uneventfully. Intraoperatively, 2-4 biliary fistula orifices were found, with the average of the orifice being (0.79  0.20) cm. After the operation, one @entity1 developed incision @entity281 , one had @entity358 and one suffered from @entity255 . No @entity834 or peri-operative deaths took place and follow-up revealed no recurrence and implantative @entity3 . We are led to conclude that pericystectomy in combination with Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy can achieve satisfactory results for the treatment of complicated hepatic cystic @entity8434 with @entity397 .

title: Treatment of complicated hepatic cystic @entity8434 with XXXX by pericystectomy in combination with Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity834 :: ('MESH:D057868', 'Disease') :: ['anastomotic leaks']

entities_list: @entity8434 :: ('MESH:D004443', 'Disease') :: ['hydatidosis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity397 :: ('MESH:D012421', 'Disease') :: ['intrabiliary rupture']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary infection']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain of the right upper quadrant and jaundice']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity255 :: ('MESH:D002761', 'Disease') :: ['reflux cholangitis']

answer: @entity397 :: (MESH:D012421,Disease) :: ['intrabiliary rupture']


abstract: Previously, we have showed that artificial epidermal permeability barrier disruption leads to an increase in epidermal Langerhans' cell (LC) density within 24 h. We now asked if this is accompanied by an enhancement of @entity3408 . Barrier disruption was induced by @entity1324 on the upper arms in 6 volunteers with known sensitization to @entity3406 , fragrance mix, or @entity7227 . Twenty-four hours after this treatment the relevant allergen was applied without occlusion or with Finn chambers. Twenty-four hours after application of the allergen, clinical grading and transepidermal water loss (TEWL) measurements were performed and biopsies were taken. Immunohistochemical stainings for LCs (anti- @entity4896 , Leu6) and for epidermal proliferation (Ki-S3) were performed. Open applications of the allergens after @entity1324 pretreatment resulted in strong allergic test reactions. TEWL, which showed a 70% recovery 24 h after @entity1324 treatment, was increased again 4-fold by the allergic test reactions. LC density, which was increased by 80% 24 h after @entity1324 -induced barrier disruption, was further enhanced 2.4-fold in total. Epidermal proliferation showed a 6-fold increase after open application of the allergens. Under patch test conditions after @entity1324 pretreatment very strong bullous reactions were observed. We conclude that the increase in epidermal LC density induced by epidermal permeability barrier disruption is accompanied by an enhanced response in @entity3408 .

title: Influence of epidermal permeability barrier disruption and Langerhans' cell density on XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3408 :: ('MESH:D017449', 'Disease') :: ['allergic contact dermatitis']

entities_list: @entity7227 :: ('MESH:C029728', 'Chemical') :: ['p-phenylenediamine']

answer: @entity3408 :: (MESH:D017449,Disease) :: ['allergic contact dermatitis']


abstract: Male (NZW x BXSB)F1 @entity19 ([W x B]F1) were used as a model for small @entity453 . The mortality rate for 162 @entity19 was 0% at 12 weeks and 37% at 24 weeks. The incidence of @entity583 (MI) was 0% at 12 weeks, 22% at 16 weeks, 39% at 20 weeks, and 53% at 24 weeks. In 29 of the 35 (W x B)F1 male @entity19 with MI, small multiple @entity1188 were noted in the right ventricular free wall and anterior, lateral, posterior, and septal ventricular walls. In 25 of the 29 hearts with @entity1188 , the @entity1188 in the same heart were at the same histologic stage. Twenty-one of these hearts showed only replacement @entity82 , and 4 hearts showed only granulation. The remaining 4 hearts with @entity1188 exhibited @entity39 plus @entity82 or granulation. Quantitative analysis of the @entity1188 size revealed that in the 35 (W x B)F1 males with MI, the relative area of MI (%MI) was significantly larger in the right ventricular free wall (6.7% +/- 8.4%) than in the ventricular septum (1.9% +/- 2.4%) or in the left ventricular free wall (2.1% +/- 2.5%). The %MI was greatest in the right third (3.6% +/- 5.4%) of the ventricular septum and in the outer third (2.9% +/- 3.3%) of the left ventricular free wall. The %MI did not increase with age. In 11 of the 35 (W x B)F1 @entity19 , 27 intramural small arteries showed marked obliterative lesions. Most of them were in the right ventricular free wall, the right third of the ventricular septum, or the outer third of the left ventricular free wall. There was no evidence of @entity850 in the extracardiac major coronary arteries. In addition, the @entity1188 showed a whirlpool-like configuration, and x-ray photographs revealed that the small intramural coronary arteries had a whirlpool-like configuration. It is concluded that in (W x B)F1 males multiple small @entity1188 appear at the same time due to small @entity453 . The whirlpool configuration of the @entity1188 reflects the special anatomy of the intramural coronary arteries in the @entity19 .

title: Quantitative analysis of @entity583 in (NZW x BXSB)F1 hybrid @entity19 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['coagulation necrosis']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['multiple infarcts', 'infarctions', 'infarcts', 'infarct']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

answer: @entity453 :: (MESH:D003324,Disease) :: ['systemic lupus erythematosus and small coronary artery disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The thyroid is highly sensitive to the carcinogenic effect of radiation in @entity1 . We compared, in @entity1 with and without earlier childhood radiation, the features of @entity3557 ( @entity3557 ) diagnosed in later childhood through young adulthood. METHODS: @entity1 were from the Rh  ne-Alpes @entity259 Registry. Twenty-four @entity1 (RAD group) had been treated by radiation therapy for @entity5 at the age of 8.0  6.0 years (mean  SD) and by surgery for @entity3557 at the age of 17  6.4 years. They were compared with 413 @entity1 with @entity3557 but no radiation exposure (sPTC group, age 23  4.8 years). The two groups were subdivided into three subgroups, ages 8-14 ( @entity1 ), 15-20 (adolescents), and 21-29 years (adults) at time of @entity3557 diagnosis, and compared to matched subgroups from 80 @entity1 in the sPTC group (M-sPTC). Age in years at @entity3557 diagnosis (RAD vs. M-sPTC) was 12  2 compared with 12  2 for @entity1 , 17  1 compared with 19  1 for adolescents, and 25  3.2 compared with 25  2.5 for adults. The matched subgroups had comparable pTNM, treatments, and follow-up. We compared the histopathological characteristics of the initial specimens and the outcome events. RESULTS: The RAD group and the sPTC group were similar in terms of age when @entity3557 was diagnosed. @entity5 had significantly more lymph node @entity3 (p=0.007) and a higher proportion of invasive pTN3 stage @entity5 (p=0.01). The adult RAD subgroup (n=8) was more likely to have lymph node @entity3 (p=0.004) and a higher proportion of invasive pT3N+ stage @entity5 (p=0.01) than the adult sPTC subgroup (n=316). During the 6.5 years of follow-up, there was no difference in the risk of cervical recurrence between the RAD group and the M-sPTC groups. Risk of cervical recurrence was also similar for @entity5 that were high risk (pT3N+). CONCLUSION: Young adults with @entity3557 associated with radiation therapy for @entity5 in childhood have a more aggressive initial presentation than young adults with sporadic @entity3557 . The risk of recurrent disease in @entity1 who received radiation in early childhood through adolescence and who developed @entity3557 in late childhood through early adulthood is similar to those who did not receive radiation.

title: XXXX in @entity1 , adolescents, and young adults with and without a history of childhood exposure to therapeutic radiation for other @entity5 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3557 :: ('MESH:C536915', 'Disease') :: ['PTC', 'papillary thyroid cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['RAD tumors', 'nonthyroid neoplasms', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity259 :: ('MESH:D013964', 'Disease') :: ['Thyroid Cancer']

answer: @entity259 :: (MESH:D013964,Disease) :: ['Thyroid cancers']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The effects of @entity1160 ( @entity7647 )-enriched enteral diets on bacterial clearance were investigated in a @entity35 protracted @entity298 model. The effects of the @entity7647 form, peptide-based vs free @entity535 -based, were also compared. METHODS: Twenty-three @entity35 underwent gastrostomy. An osmotic pump was implanted in the peritoneal cavity. The @entity35 received a continuous intragastric infusion of one of three diets: @entity7647 -depleted ( @entity7647 0), @entity7647 -enriched with the @entity7647 in free @entity535 form ( @entity7647 F), or @entity7647 -enriched with the @entity7647 in oligopeptide form ( @entity7647 P). The three formulas were isocaloric and isonitrogenous. The pumps delivered a continuous infusion of @entity526 , starting at 48 hours after implantation, for 24 hours. Then, the animals were killed. RESULTS: Bacterial numbers in peritoneal lavaged fluid (PLF) and the liver were significantly lower in the @entity7647 P and @entity7647 F groups than in the @entity7647 0 group. The bacterial number in PLF correlated with that in the liver. Neither the number nor the population of peritoneal exudative cells differed among groups. Plasma levels of @entity1521 , @entity493 and @entity7792 were significantly higher in the @entity7647 P and @entity7647 F groups than in the @entity7647 0 group. Both @entity7647 supplemented groups showed significantly greater villous height, crypt depth, and numbers of mitoses per crypt in the small intestine than the @entity7647 0 group. CONCLUSIONS: Supplemental @entity7647 enhances peritoneal and hepatic bacterial clearance, regardless of @entity7647 form. @entity7647 -enriched may be more beneficial than @entity7647 -depleted enteral diets in @entity298 .

title: @entity1160 -enriched enteral diet enhances bacterial clearance in protected @entity298 , regardless of XXXX form.

entities_list: @entity7792 :: ('CHEBI:16349', 'Chemical') :: ['citrulline']

entities_list: @entity1160 :: ('CHEBI:28300', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamine']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity1521 :: ('CHEBI:26271', 'Chemical') :: ['proline']

entities_list: @entity493 :: ('CHEBI:16449', 'Chemical') :: ['alanine']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['peritonitis']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

answer: @entity1160 :: (CHEBI:28300,Chemical) :: ['glutamine']


abstract: Twenty cases of metastatic @entity5 in the breast were identified in a series of 1,034 fine-needle aspirations (FNAs) of the breast, of which 389 were malignant. @entity1 with @entity0 in whom @entity3 to the contralateral breast developed were excluded from this study. This series consisted of 17 @entity1 and 3 @entity1 , ranging in age from 28 to 63 years (mean, 49 years). The @entity5 included @entity4153 (three), @entity320 (three), @entity43 ( @entity43 ), bronchogenic @entity420 and @entity957 (four and two, respectively), @entity706 (two), @entity4303 (two), @entity1606 ( @entity43 ), @entity1582 ( @entity43 ), and @entity980 ( @entity43 ). In two @entity1 , the breast mass was the first manifestation of an extramammary @entity5 (two @entity2220 ). Eleven @entity1 died of disseminated @entity5 shortly after the breast @entity3 was diagnosed. In most cases, the aspirates displayed the cytologic features characteristic of the @entity5 , thereby establishing the metastatic nature of the @entity5 . In four cases (two carcinoids, @entity43 @entity1582 , and @entity43 @entity980 ), the cytologic features were difficult to differentiate from a primary @entity0 ; however, the final diagnosis was established by electron microscopic examination and immunocytochemical studies on the aspirates. One case ( @entity2220 ) was misdiagnosed as primary @entity0 on both FNA and mastectomy specimen. Because metastatic @entity5 in the breast may mimic primary @entity0 , the authors recommend the following: (1) Evaluation of FNA of breast should be done with complete knowledge of the @entity1 's clinical history. (2) The possibility of @entity3 should be suspected in lesions with unusual cytologic patterns. (3) Ancillary studies on FNA can be helpful in interpreting selected cases.

title: Fine-needle aspiration cytology of metastatic XXXX in the breast.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'patient', 'women', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian serous carcinoma', 'one']

entities_list: @entity4153 :: ('MESH:D018288', 'Disease') :: ['oat cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast carcinoma', 'breast tumors', 'breast carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplasms', 'cancer', 'primary tumors', 'tumors', 'neoplasm']

entities_list: @entity2220 :: ('MESH:C538231', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma of the lung']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1582 :: ('MESH:D009101', 'Disease') :: ['plasma cell myeloma', 'myeloma']

entities_list: @entity1606 :: ('MESH:D002295', 'Disease') :: ['transitional cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity4303 :: ('MESH:D002276', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoid']

entities_list: @entity980 :: ('MESH:D012208', 'Disease') :: ['rhabdomyosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['neoplasms']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6148 usually causes @entity16 in the upper limb but @entity64 as an initial presentation is very uncommon. Recurrent supratentorial and @entity64 in a single @entity1 is very rare. @entity6148 can lead to anterograde or retrograde @entity1031 phenomenon leading to @entity385 . CASE REPORT: A 14-year-old @entity1 presented with a history of sudden onset of @entity909 and @entity1269 of 2 days duration. She had a similar episode 2 years ago, from which she had recovered to a large extent with minimal residual @entity1269 . On examination, she was unconscious and localizing to @entity158 on the right side. Radial pulse was absent on the right side. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed a right fronto-temporo-parietal old @entity1188 with a new subacute @entity1188 involving right cerebellar hemisphere and brainstem. X-ray of the chest showed a right-sided cervical rib. Computed tomographic angiography of the neck vessels revealed @entity3526 at the site of the cervical rib with @entity384 . @entity1 was managed with anticoagulant and antiplatelet therapy initially and excision of the cervical rib was performed as a definitive procedure. She responded well to the treatment and at 6 months of follow-up, the strength on the left side had improved substantially. She was capable of doing her daily activities independently with little imbalance. CONCLUSIONS: The reported @entity1 is the first in the literature who suffered recurrent supratentorial and @entity64 as a complication of cervical rib. We stress the need for early diagnosis of this easily treatable cause of @entity64 in the young.

title: XXXX , a rare cause of recurrent @entity64 in the young: case report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['girl', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['infratentorial stroke', 'stroke']

entities_list: @entity1269 :: ('MESH:D010291', 'Disease') :: ['left hemiparesis']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['poststenosis dilatation']

entities_list: @entity6148 :: ('MESH:D002573', 'Disease') :: ['Cervical rib']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological symptoms']

entities_list: @entity909 :: ('MESH:D014474', 'Disease') :: ['loss of consciousness']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['thromboembolic']

entities_list: @entity3526 :: ('MESH:D013349', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis of subclavian artery']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity6148 :: (MESH:D002573,Disease) :: ['Cervical rib']


abstract: 1. Presynaptic injection of @entity19396 (cADPR), a modulator of the @entity8452 receptor, increased the postsynaptic response evoked by a presynaptic spike at an identified cholinergic synapse in the buccal ganglion of @entity11066 . 2. The statistical analysis of long duration postsynaptic responses evoked by square depolarizations of the voltage-clamped presynaptic neurone showed that the number of evoked @entity934 ( @entity1617 ) quanta released was increased following cADPR injection. 3. Overloading the presynaptic neurone with cADPR led to a transient increase of @entity1617 release followed by a @entity308 . 4. cADPR injections did not modify the presynaptic @entity141 current triggering @entity1617 release. 5. @entity141 imaging with the fluorescent dye @entity41178 showed that cADPR injection rapidly increased the free intracellular @entity141 concentration indicating that the effects of cADPR on @entity1617 release might be related to @entity141 release from intracellular stores. 6. @entity8452 and @entity54317 , a specific antagonist of cADPR, decreased @entity1617 release. 7. @entity857 - @entity13338 cyclase, which cyclizes NAD+ into cADPR, was present in the presynaptic neurone as shown by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction experiments. 8. Application of @entity2125 +, the substrate of @entity857 - @entity13338 cyclase, increased @entity1617 release and this effect was prevented by both @entity8452 and @entity54317 . 9. These results support the view that @entity141 -induced @entity141 release might be involved in the build-up of the @entity141 concentration which triggers @entity1617 release, and thus that cADPR might have a role in transmitter release modulation.

title: XXXX and calcium-induced calcium release regulate neurotransmitter release at a cholinergic synapse of Aplysia.

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity8452 :: ('MESH:D012433', 'Chemical') :: ['ryanodine', 'Ryanodine']

entities_list: @entity19396 :: ('MESH:D036563', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclic ADP-ribose']

entities_list: @entity11066 :: ('6500', 'Species') :: ['Aplysia californica']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity19396 :: (MESH:D036563,Chemical) :: ['Cyclic ADP-ribose']


abstract: Hemispheric priming was examined in 3 language-trained @entity831 ( @entity831 ) using a simple reaction time paradigm. Subjects were required to hold down a response button until the occurrence of a response cue. A warning stimulus was presented to either the @entity227 ( @entity227 ) or the @entity227 ( @entity227 ) before the response cue occurred. No warning stimulus was presented on control trials. The warning stimuli were geometric communicative symbols from two semantic categories: foods and tools. A third set of warning stimuli were familiar geometric symbols. Dependent measures included reaction time and the number of false-positive responses. Reaction-time data indicated an @entity227 advantage in priming when the warning stimuli were food or tool symbols. No significant visual half-field differences were found for familiar symbols, but a trend toward an @entity227 advantage was observed. These effects were enhanced when subjects responded with their left hand. False-positive data also indicated an @entity227 advantage for the food and tool warning stimuli. The data indicate that hemispheric asymmetries for processing communicative symbols are present in language-trained @entity831 .

title: Hemispheric priming by meaningful and nonmeaningful symbols in language-trained @entity831 ( XXXX ): further evidence of a left hemisphere advantage.

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['right visual field', 'RVF', 'LVF', 'left visual field']

entities_list: @entity831 :: ('9598', 'Species') :: ['Pan troglodytes', 'chimpanzees']

answer: @entity831 :: (9598,Species) :: ['Pan troglodytes']


abstract: The question of whether any non- @entity1 species @entity2414 is controversial. Associative accounts of animal learning recognize that behaviour can change in response to single events but this does not imply that animals need or are later able to recall representations of unique events at a different time and place. The lack of language is also relevant, being the usual medium for communicating about the world, but whether it is critical for the capacity to represent and recall events is a separate matter. One reason for suspecting that certain animals possess an @entity2414 is that a variety of learning and memory tasks have been developed that, even though they do not meet the strict criteria required for episodic memory, have an 'episodic-like' character. These include certain one-trial learning tasks, scene-specific discrimination learning, multiple reversal learning, delayed matching and non-matching tasks and, most recently, tasks demanding recollection of 'what, where and when' an event happened. Another reason is that the neuronal architecture of brain areas thought to be involved in episodic memory (including the hippocampal formation) are substantially similar in mammals and, arguably, all vertebrates. Third, our developing understanding of activity-dependent synaptic plasticity (which is a candidate neuronal mechanism for encoding memory traces) suggests that its expression reflects certain physiological characteristics that are ideal components of a @entity528 . These include the apparently digital character of synaptic change at individual terminals and the variable persistence of potentiation accounted for by the synaptic tag hypothesis. A further value of studying @entity2414 in animals is the opportunity it affords to model certain kinds of @entity179 that, in @entity1 , affect episodic memory. An example is recent work on a transgenic @entity19 that over-expresses a mutation of @entity1 @entity477 ( @entity477 ) that occurs in @entity195 , under the control of platelet derived (PD) growth factor promoter (the PDAPP @entity19 ). A striking age- and amyloid plaque-related deficit is seen using a task in which the @entity19 have to keep changing their memory representation of the world rather than learn a single fact.

title: @entity2414 in animals: psychological criteria, neural mechanisms and the value of episodic-like tasks to investigate animal models of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human']

entities_list: @entity477 :: ('351', 'Gene') :: ['amyloid precursor protein', 'APP']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['neurodegenerative disease']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["familial Alzheimer's disease"]

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['episodic-like memory system', 'episodic-like memory', 'displays episodic memory']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['neuronal episodic memory system']

answer: @entity179 :: (MESH:D019636,Disease) :: ['neurodegenerative disease']


abstract: @entity1124 ( @entity1124 ) are highly invasive and metastatic @entity5 commonly unresponsive to current drug therapy. Overwhelmingly, @entity1124 harbors early constitutive, oncogenic mutations in @entity984 ( @entity4706 ) that exist prior to invasion. Histologic and genetic analyses of @entity1 @entity1124 biopsies also exhibit increased expression of @entity3962 and proinvasive matrix metalloproteinases (MMP), indicators of poor prognosis. However, the distinct molecular mechanisms necessary for @entity984 / @entity1366 signaling and its influence on MMP-directed stromal invasion in primary @entity1 pancreatic ductal epithelial cells (PDEC) have yet to be elucidated in three-dimensions. Expression of oncogenic @entity984 ( @entity4706 ) alone in genetically defined PDECs reveals increased invadopodia and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition markers, but only when cultured in a three-dimensional model incorporating a basement membrane analog. Activation of @entity3963 , but not @entity12206 , also occurs only in @entity984 ( @entity4706 )-mutated PDECs cultured in three-dimensions and is a necessary intracellular signaling event for invasion based upon pharmacologic and short hairpin RNA (shRNA) inhibition. Increased active invasion of @entity984 ( @entity4706 ) PDECs through the basement membrane model is associated with a specific microarray gene expression signature and induction of MMP endopeptidases. Specifically, @entity3334 RNA, its secreted protein, and its proteolytic cleavage activity are amplified in @entity984 ( @entity4706 ) PDECs when assayed by real-time quantitative PCR, ELISA, and fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET). Importantly, shRNA silencing of @entity3334 mimics @entity3963 inhibition and disrupts active, vertical PDEC invasion. @entity3963 isoform and @entity3334 targeting are shown to be viable strategies to attenuate invasion of @entity984 ( @entity4706 )-mutated @entity1 @entity788 cells in a three-dimensional @entity5 microenvironment.

title: Constitutive K-RasG12D activation of @entity3963 specifically regulates 3D invasion of XXXX @entity788 cells via @entity3334 .

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity1124 :: ('MESH:D021441', 'Disease') :: ['Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas', 'PDAC']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity3962 :: ('5594;5595', 'Gene') :: ['extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2']

entities_list: @entity4706 :: ('p|SUB|G|12|D', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['G12D']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: The effectiveness and safety of @entity3413 in reducing low-density lipoprotein @entity165 ( @entity11429 ) to target levels in @entity1 with @entity301 ( @entity301 ) were evaluated in the GOALLS (Getting to Appropriate @entity11429 Levels with @entity3413 ) study. This multinational, multicentre, prospective, open-label, study consisted of a six-week diet washout period followed by a 14-week titrate-to-goal treatment period with @entity3413 . One hundred and ninety-eight @entity1 and @entity1 with documented @entity301 and a fasting @entity11429 level between 115 mg/dl (3.0 mmol/l) and 180 mg/dl (4.7 mmol/l) and @entity1674 (TGs) < or = 400 mg/dl (4.5 mmol/l) were enrolled. The @entity1 were started on 20 mg @entity3413 with dose titration up to 80 mg if the @entity11429 remained above 100 mg/dl at weeks 6 and 10. The key efficacy parameters were the percentage of @entity1 achieving US and European @entity11429 goals [< or = 100 mg/dl (2.6 mmol/l) and < or = 115 mg/dl (3.0 mmol/l), respectively]. Safety was evaluated by monitoring laboratory tests and recording adverse events. After 14 weeks of @entity3413 (20-80 mg) treatment, approximately 90% of the @entity1 achieved @entity11429 goals according to US (87%) and European (94%) guidelines. Most @entity1 (72-93%) achieved target @entity11429 levels on 20 mg @entity3413 . An estimated 14% of the @entity1 required titration to the 80 mg dose. Treatment with @entity3413 (20-80 mg) produced statistically significant improvements in all measured lipid variables by the end of the study. The mean reductions in total @entity165 and @entity11429 , and the median reduction in TG, were 28%, 41% and 16%, respectively. The increase in high-density lipoprotein @entity165 and apolipoprotein A-1 were 5% and 4%, respectively. @entity3413 was well tolerated across the dosage range. In conclusion, @entity3413 , 20-80 mg/day, was safe and highly effective at reducing @entity11429 levels. The recommended US and European @entity11429 treatment goals were achieved in approximately 90% of the @entity1 . These goals were similarly achieved for a variety of high-risk sub-groups ( @entity101 , @entity6 and elderly @entity1 ).

title: Attaining United States and European guideline LDL- @entity165 levels with XXXX in @entity1 with @entity301 (the GOALLS study).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity3413 :: ('MESH:D019821', 'Chemical') :: ['Simvastatin', 'simvastatin']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensives']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['CHD', 'coronary heart disease']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetics']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity3413 :: (MESH:D019821,Chemical) :: ['simvastatin']


abstract: This study compares the clinicopathologic features of 13 pure uterine @entity1377 (UPSC) with 19 @entity5 consisting of UPSC admixed with other types of @entity1204 and nine UPSC associated with @entity1478 . The mean @entity1 age, frequency of preoperative clinical understaging, postoperative pathologic stage, and survival of @entity1 was similar for the three groups. Surprisingly, widespread @entity3 , recurrence, and @entity204 occurred even in those cases where @entity3 amounted to less than 1 mm or where @entity5 was confined to an @entity1478 . Poor prognosis appeared to be related to a propensity for vascular invasion and multifocal @entity105 . The latter was manifested by the presence of cytologically malignant cells closely resembling the invasive @entity189 in the surface endometrium adjacent to the @entity5 in 89% of cases and in multiple sites in the genital tract and abdomen. This lesion, designated " @entity189 ," was present in the endocervix in nine (22%) of the 41 cases, in the fallopian tube in two cases (5%), on the surface of the ovary in four cases (10%), and on peritoneal surfaces or omentum in 10 cases (25%). In addition, we found that UPSC display considerable morphologic heterogeneity. Foci of clear-cell @entity189 were identified in 13 (32%) of the 41 @entity5 . In five (12%) @entity5 , the invasive component was composed primarily of glands; and in 22 (54%) @entity5 , thin as opposed to thick papillae predominated. Accordingly, UPSC may be broadly defined as a @entity189 that @entity3271 lined by cells that are markedly atypical cytologically. UPSC frequently contain areas of clear cells. Glands with papillary infoldings sometimes predominate in the invasive component. Because the behavior of @entity1204 , in which at least 25% of the @entity189 exhibits a glandular or papillary architecture with serous differentiation, is similar, the term "uterine @entity189 " is an appropriate designation for these @entity5 , regardless of whether other patterns of differentiation are present or whether the @entity5 is associated with a polyp.

title: Uterine XXXX . A morphologically diverse neoplasm with unifying clinicopathologic features.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1377 :: ('MESH:D002291', 'Disease') :: ['papillary serous carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity1204 :: ('MESH:D016889', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial carcinoma', 'endometrial neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'neoplasms', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['serous carcinoma', 'intraepithelial carcinoma', 'carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1478 :: ('MESH:D014591', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial polyps', 'endometrial polyp']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'myometrial invasion']

entities_list: @entity105 :: ('MESH:D063646', 'Disease') :: ['carcinogenesis']

entities_list: @entity3271 :: ('MESH:D009837', 'Disease') :: ['displays foci of well-differentiated papillae']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['serous carcinoma']


abstract: Intraoperative mapping and cryoablation of @entity1165 was achieved without ventriculotomy in seven @entity1 , who are a subgroup of the 80 @entity1 undergoing map-directed ablation of @entity1165 over a 9-year period. There were four male and three female @entity1 . Their mean age was 53.6 +/- 24.1 years. @entity453 was present in five @entity1 , and two @entity1 had idiopathic @entity1165 . The mean preoperative ejection fraction was 42.4% +/- 13.6%. The mean number of @entity1165 was 1.7 (range 1 to 3). Epicardial mapping was obtained intraoperatively in all seven @entity1 and endocardial data in five of seven @entity1 (71.4%). There were no hospital deaths and no early or late spontaneous recurrence of clinical monomorphic @entity1165 . Nonclinical monomorphic @entity1165 was inducible in two @entity1 postoperatively and both were treated with @entity1818 . @entity204 occurred late after operation in two @entity1 : One @entity204 was related to recurrent nonclinical VT at 8 months and one at 3 months was due to @entity189 . These results suggest that the transannular approach is feasible in selected cases, especially when computerized mapping systems with endocardial balloon electrode arrays can be used.

title: Transannular cryoablation of XXXX . Surgical technique and results.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular tachycardia morphologies', 'ventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma of the stomach']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['Coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity1818 :: ('MESH:D011342', 'Chemical') :: ['procainamide']

answer: @entity1165 :: (MESH:D017180,Disease) :: ['ventricular tachycardia']