abstract: Mutations in several mitochondrial DNA and nuclear genes involved in mitochondrial protein synthesis have recently been reported in combined @entity2383 , indicating a generalized defect in mitochondrial translation. However, the number of @entity1 with pathogenic mutations is small, implying that nuclear defects of mitochondrial translation are either underdiagnosed or intrauterine lethal. No comprehensive studies have been reported on large cohorts of @entity1 with combined @entity2383 addressing the role of nuclear genes affecting mitochondrial protein synthesis to date. We investigated a cohort of 52 @entity1 with combined @entity2383 without causative mitochondrial DNA mutations, rearrangements or depletion, to determine whether a defect in mitochondrial translation defines the pathomechanism of their clinical disease. We followed a combined approach of sequencing known nuclear genes involved in mitochondrial protein synthesis ( @entity16599 , @entity14624 , EFTs, @entity17901 , @entity17902 ), as well as performing in vitro functional studies in 22 @entity1 cell lines. The majority of our @entity1 were @entity1 (<15 years), with an early onset of symptoms <1 year of age (65%). The most frequent clinical presentation was mitochondrial @entity17903 (63%); however, a number of @entity1 showed @entity296 (33%), @entity121 (15%) or hepatopathy (13%). Genomic sequencing revealed compound heterozygous mutations in the mitochondrial transfer ribonucleic acid modifying factor ( @entity17902 ) in a single @entity1 only, presenting with early onset, reversible @entity409 . No pathogenic mutation was detected in any of the remaining 51 @entity1 in the other genes analysed. In vivo labelling of mitochondrial polypeptides in 22 @entity1 cell lines showed overall (three @entity1 ) or selective (four @entity1 ) defects of mitochondrial translation. Immunoblotting for mitochondrial proteins revealed decreased steady state levels of proteins in some @entity1 , but normal or increased levels in others, indicating a possible compensatory mechanism. In summary, candidate gene sequencing in this group of @entity1 has a very low detection rate (1/52), although in vivo labelling of mitochondrial translation in 22 @entity1 cell lines indicate that a nuclear defect affecting mitochondrial protein synthesis is responsible for about one-third of combined @entity2383 (7/22). In the remaining @entity1 , the impaired respiratory chain activity is most likely the consequence of several different events downstream of mitochondrial translation. Clinical classification of @entity1 with biochemical analysis, genetic testing and, more importantly, in vivo labelling and immunoblotting of mitochondrial proteins show incoherent results, but a systematic review of these data in more @entity1 may reveal underlying mechanisms, and facilitate the identification of novel factors involved in combined @entity2383 .

title: Nuclear factors involved in mitochondrial translation cause a subgroup of combined XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver disease']

entities_list: @entity17903 :: ('MESH:D017237', 'Disease') :: ['encephalomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['isolated myopathy']

entities_list: @entity2383 :: ('MESH:D028361', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory chain deficiencies', 'respiratory chain deficiency']

answer: @entity2383 :: (MESH:D028361,Disease) :: ['respiratory chain deficiency']


abstract: The purpose of this study was to compare a navigator gated free breathing 3D Phase Sensitive Inversion Recovery (PSIR) TurboFLASH to an established 2D PSIR TurboFLASH method for detecting myocardial late @entity2287 hyperenhanced lesions caused by infiltrative and @entity296 . Under an IRB approved protocol; @entity1 with suspected non-ischemic infiltrative myocardial @entity299 were examined on a 1.5T MR scanner for late enhancement after the administration of @entity2287 using a segmented 2D PSIR TurboFLASH sequence followed by a navigator-gated 3D PSIR TurboFLASH sequence. Two independent readers analyzed image quality using a four point Likert scale for qualitative analysis (0 = poor, non diagnostic; 1 = fair, diagnostic may be impaired; 2 = good, some artifacts but not interfering in diagnostics, 3 = excellent, no artifacts) and also reported presence or absence of scar. Detected @entity2318 were classified based on area and location and also compared quantitatively in volume. Twenty-seven @entity1 were scanned using both protocols. Image quality score did not differ significantly (p = 0.358, Wilcoxon signed rank test) for both technique. Scars were detected in 24 @entity1 . Larger numbers of hyperenhanced @entity2318 were detected with 3D PSIR (200) compared to 2D PSIR (167) and scar volume were significant larger in 3D PSIR (p = 0.004). The mean scar volume over all cases was 49.95 cm(3) for 2D PSIR and 70.02 cm(3) for 3D PSIR. The navigator gated free breathing 3D PSIR approach is a suitable method for detecting myocardial late @entity2287 hyperenhanced lesions caused by @entity296 due to its complete isotropic coverage of the left ventricle, improving detection of @entity75 compared to 2D PSIR imaging.

title: Assessment of left XXXX in infiltrative and non-ischemic @entity299 by free breathing three dimensional phase sensitive inversion recovery (PSIR) TurboFLASH.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['non-ischemic cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['scar lesions']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart disease']

entities_list: @entity2287 :: ('MESH:D005682', 'Chemical') :: ['gadolinium']

answer: @entity296 :: (MESH:D009202,Disease) :: ['ventricular myocardial scar']


abstract: From 1950 to 1980, 3623 @entity1 from Olmsted County, Minnesota, were found to have @entity955 . Ninety-seven of these @entity1 (2.7 percent), who were 60 years old or younger at diagnosis, had lone @entity955 ( @entity955 in the absence of overt @entity65 or precipitating illness), and their data were reviewed to determine the incidence of thromboemboli. Twenty of these @entity1 (21 percent) had an isolated episode of @entity955 , 56 (58 percent) had recurrent @entity955 , and 21 (22 percent) had chronic @entity955 . The total follow-up period was 1440 @entity1 -years, with a mean of 14.8 years per @entity1 . The mean age at diagnosis was 44 years. Nineteen cardiovascular events occurred in 17 @entity1 ; 4 @entity1 had @entity64 thought to be due to emboli from @entity955 , and 4 had @entity583 without overt evidence of previous @entity453 . The probability of survival at 15 years was 94 percent among the @entity1 with lone @entity955 . At 15 years, 1.3 percent of the @entity1 had had a @entity64 on a cumulative actuarial basis. On an actuarial basis, there was no difference in survival or in survival free of @entity64 among the @entity1 with the three types of lone @entity955 (i.e., isolated, recurrent, and chronic). We conclude that lone @entity955 in @entity1 under the age of 60 at diagnosis is associated with a very low risk of @entity64 . This suggests that routine anticoagulation may not be warranted.

title: The natural history of lone XXXX . A population-based study over three decades.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'person']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['strokes', 'stroke']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarctions']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity955 :: (MESH:D001281,Disease) :: ['atrial fibrillation']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Both @entity417 and @entity6582 frequently occur after kidney transplantation. The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of both @entity417 and @entity6582 on kidney graft function and long-term @entity1 outcomes following kidney transplantation. @entity1 AND METHODS: Three hundred eight-five consecutive @entity1 with at least 12 months of follow-up after successful kidney transplantation were enrolled into this study. Of the total, 88.3% of @entity1 completed a 5-year follow-up. @entity417 occurred in 30.4% of @entity1 (with 17.7% showing a hemoglobin concentration (Hb) <11.0 g/dL), whereas @entity6582 was observed in 19.0% of @entity1 , including 9.6% with hematocrit (HTC) >55%. We also analyzed graft function every 6 months after transplantation for the impact of @entity417 or @entity6582 on the 5-year risk of @entity1 @entity204 or @entity393 . RESULTS: In 57.3% of @entity417 @entity1 the Hb did not reach the normal range during the observation time. The mean @entity8 ( @entity8 ) at 12 months after transplantation was significantly lower among @entity1 with @entity417 : 43.9 mL/ @entity1009 .73 m(2) (39.5-48.4) vs 55.3 mL/ @entity1009 .73 m(2) (53.0-57.6; P < .001). Better 12-month graft function was observed among @entity1 with @entity6582 , namely, 57.7 mL/ @entity1009 .73 m(2) (53.5-62.0). @entity417 but not @entity6582 was associated with an increased risk of @entity393 (hazard ratio [HR] = 4.11 [95% confidence interval (CI) 2.02-8.37]; P < .001). CONCLUSION: @entity417 after transplantation was associated with worse kidney graft function and was a strong predictor of @entity393 . Erythrocytosis occurs among @entity1 with excellent allograft function; when properly treated it did not increase the risk of @entity393 or @entity204 .

title: XXXX and @entity6582 after kidney transplantation: a 5-year graft function and survival analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity6582 :: ('MESH:D011086', 'Disease') :: ['erythrocytosis']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['MDRD', 'eGFR-Modification of Diet in Renal Disease']

entities_list: @entity417 :: ('MESH:D000740', 'Disease') :: ['Anemia', 'anemia']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['graft loss']

answer: @entity417 :: (MESH:D000740,Disease) :: ['Anemia']


abstract: Treatment of primary cultures of @entity35 Leydig cells with 1 mM @entity5987 for 2 days at ambient @entity26 tension (19%) caused a 59% decrease in mitochondrial @entity165 side-chain cleavage ( @entity7816 ) activity. This decrease was completely prevented when the @entity26 tension was reduced to 1% @entity3612 or when @entity479 synthesis was inhibited by @entity6239 . When the endogenous concentration of @entity3333 was increased by inhibiting its further metabolism, @entity7816 activity was reduced by 80% in unstimulated cultures and was completely eliminated in @entity268 -treated cultures. These losses were prevented when cells were maintained at 1% @entity3612 . The amount of immunoreactive @entity7816 was also decreased by treatments that reduced @entity7816 activity. Stimulation with @entity268 also lowered microsomal C17-20 lyase activity by an @entity26 -mediated, @entity479 synthesis-dependent mechanism. Treatment of cultures with @entity251 caused a similar @entity26 tension-sensitive decrease in C17-20 lyase activity. These results suggest that the enhanced loss of mitochondrial and microsomal @entity1447 activities in @entity268 -treated cultures is caused by the increased production of @entity3333 and @entity251 , respectively, which generate reactive damaging species derived from reduced @entity26 . The increased catalytic turnover of these P-450 enzymes may also contribute to their damage. Although P-450 activities were preserved at 1% @entity3612 , the ability of @entity268 -treated cells to synthesize @entity251 in response to subsequent @entity268 stimulation was still reduced. If, however, @entity8858 was supplied to these cells the decrease in @entity251 -producing capacity was prevented, which demonstrates that the reduced steroidogenic capacity of @entity268 -treated Leydig cells is caused, primarily, by the reduced availability of endogenous @entity165 .

title: @entity479 synthesis-dependent, @entity26 -mediated damage of mitochondrial and microsomal @entity1447 enzymes in XXXX Leydig cell cultures.

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity3333 :: ('MESH:D011284', 'Chemical') :: ['pregnenolone']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen', 'dioxygen']

entities_list: @entity6239 :: ('MESH:D000616', 'Chemical') :: ['aminoglutethimide']

entities_list: @entity8858 :: ('MESH:C007997', 'Chemical') :: ['25-hydroxycholesterol']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The composition of the gut microbiota and excessive ingestion of high-fat diets (HFD) are considered to be important factors for development of @entity28 . In this review we describe a coherent mechanism of action for the development of @entity28 , which involves the composition of gut microbiota, HFD, low-grade @entity32 , expression of fat translocase and scavenger receptor @entity4210 , and the @entity22579 ( @entity22579 ). @entity22579 binds to both lipids and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Gram-negative bacteria, which may promote incorporation of LPS in chylomicrons (CMs). These CMs are transported via lymph to the circulation, where LPS is transferred to other lipoproteins by translocases, preferentially to HDL. LPS increases the @entity22579 binding, transcytosis of lipoproteins over the endothelial barrier,and endocytosis in adipocytes. Especially large size adipocytes with high metabolic activity absorb LPS-rich lipoproteins. In addition, macrophages in adipose tissue internalize LPS-lipoproteins. This may contribute to the polarization from M2 to M1 phenotype, which is a consequence of increased LPS delivery into the tissue during @entity1184 . In conclusion, evidence suggests that LPS is involved in the development of @entity28 as a direct targeting molecule for lipid delivery and storage in adipose tissue.    2015 World Obesity.

title: Gut microbiota-derived lipopolysaccharide uptake and trafficking to adipose tissue: implications for @entity32 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity22579 :: ('949', 'Gene') :: ['SR-BI', 'scavenger receptor class B type 1']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obesity']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical and laboratory features of @entity15835 as a complication of @entity1252 ( @entity1252 ). METHODS: Cases of @entity1252 -associated @entity15835 were provided by investigators belonging to 3 pediatric rheumatology networks or were found in the literature. @entity1 who had evidence of macrophage hemophagocytosis on @entity236 were considered to have definite @entity15835 , and those who did not have such evidence were considered to have probable @entity15835 . Clinical and laboratory findings in @entity1 with @entity15835 were contrasted with those of 2 control groups composed of @entity1 with active @entity1252 without @entity15835 . The ability of each feature to discriminate @entity15835 from active disease was evaluated by calculating sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. RESULTS: The study included 38 @entity1 (20 with definite @entity15835 and 18 with probable @entity15835 ). @entity1 with definite and probable @entity15835 were comparable with regard to all clinical and laboratory features of the syndrome, except for a greater frequency of @entity3329 , @entity1431 , and @entity882 in @entity1 with definite @entity15835 . Overall, clinical features had better specificity than sensitivity, except for @entity221 , which was highly sensitive but had low specificity. Among laboratory features, the best sensitivity and specificity was achieved using @entity6737 , followed by increased levels of @entity880 dehydrogenase, @entity2298 , and @entity6805 . Based on the results of statistical analysis, preliminary diagnostic guidelines for @entity15835 in @entity1252 were developed. CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that the occurrence of unexplained @entity221 and @entity1503 , when associated with @entity6737 , in a @entity1 with @entity1252 should raise the suspicion of @entity15835 . We propose preliminary guidelines for this syndrome in @entity1252 to facilitate timely diagnosis and correct classification of @entity1 .

title: Macrophage activation syndrome in XXXX : a multinational multicenter study of thirty-eight @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3329 :: ('MESH:D008206', 'Disease') :: ['lymphadenopathy']

entities_list: @entity2298 :: ('MESH:D015228', 'Disease') :: ['hypertriglyceridemia']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity6737 :: ('MESH:C538137', 'Disease') :: ['hyperferritinemia']

entities_list: @entity1252 :: ('MESH:D008180', 'Disease') :: ['SLE', 'juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus', 'juvenile SLE']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['cytopenia']

entities_list: @entity6805 :: ('MESH:C531603', 'Disease') :: ['hypofibrinogenemia']

entities_list: @entity1431 :: ('MESH:D007970', 'Disease') :: ['leukopenia']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity236 :: ('MESH:D001855', 'Disease') :: ['bone marrow aspiration']

entities_list: @entity15835 :: ('MESH:D055501', 'Disease') :: ['macrophage activation syndrome']

answer: @entity1252 :: (MESH:D008180,Disease) :: ['juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity5 is one of the most significant @entity5 in the world, and @entity957 makes up about 94% of @entity5 . The aim of the present study was to compare the efficacy of @entity632 plus @entity1499 - loaded nanoparticles on @entity957 induced by 4NQO and compare it with the commercial @entity632 and @entity1499 delivered orally on seventy SD male @entity35 . METHODS: 70 @entity35 were divided into five groups. During the study, the animals were weighed by a digital scale once a week. Number of mortalities was recorded in the data collection forms. At the end of the treatment, biopsy samples were taken from @entity35 tongues in order to evaluate the severity of @entity1141 and the extent of cell proliferation. The results were analyzed using ANOVA, descriptive statistics and chi-square test. RESULTS: No statistically significant difference was found in the mean weight of five groups (p>0.05). No significant relationship was found between groups and mortality rate (P = 0. 39). In addition, there was a significant relationship between groups and the degree of @entity1141 (P <0.001). The statistical analysis showed a significant relationship between groups and the rate of cell proliferation (p <0.001). CONCLUSION: The results of the present study showed that the use of @entity632 plus @entity1499 - loaded nanoparticles orally had more therapeutic effects than commercial @entity632 plus @entity1499 .

title: Therapeutic Efficacy of Orally Delivered @entity632 Nanoparticles in @entity35 Tongue XXXX Induced by 4-Nitroquinoline 1-Oxide.

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['oral malignancies', 'cancers', 'Oral cancer']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma', 'tongue squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['dysplasia']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Cancer']


abstract: @entity130 induces changes in the serum lipoprotein pattern in @entity1 . A characteristic apolipoprotein, named apolipoprotein T existing in its isoforms T-I to T-IV, in the high density lipoprotein (HDL) fraction of serum, also appears in response to @entity130 . In this report eight @entity1 operated on for @entity1028 were studied concerning the time dependency in changes of serum lipoproteins and the appearance of apolipoprotein T. Blood samples for lipoprotein analysis were taken preoperatively, postoperatively on days 1, 2, 4, 6 and thereafter twice a week until discharge from the hospital. The serum lipoprotein concentrations were compared with those from a group of healthy @entity1 . The most striking abnormalities were found in serum VLDL where both concentrations of @entity1674 and @entity165 decreased during the first 2 days by more than 50%, compared to the initial level, and remained low for about 1 week. Also the concentration of LDL @entity165 in serum decreased about 40% from the preoperative value during the first days. Serum HDL @entity165 either increased during the first 2 days in those @entity1 with a low preoperative concentration or stayed on a subnormal level during the first 4 days. After day 4 the serum HDL @entity165 decreased and reached the minimum level on days 10 to 13. Already on day 1 after @entity130 had reached a high level in order to stay high for several weeks. The apolipoprotein T isoforms had different appearance with time and varied independently of serum @entity165 in HDL.

title: Time course for the changes of serum lipoproteins and apolipoprotein T concentrations after major surgical @entity130 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'man', 'men']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['Trauma', 'trauma', 'trauma apolipoprotein T']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity1028 :: ('MESH:D017544', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal aortic aneurysms']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['man']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the relative value of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging versus computed tomography (CT) in the diagnosis of @entity5578 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: In 30 @entity1 suspected of having or known to have @entity32 of the paranasal sinuses, both coronal CT and coronal T1-weighted, three-dimensional, gradient-echo MR imaging of the paranasal sinuses were performed. Visualization of anatomic details, kind and extent of @entity32 , and artifacts from dental work were scored. The scores were compared by using the Wilcoxon matched pairs signed rank test. Interexamination agreement between the two methods was calculated by using a kappa analysis. RESULTS: Most bone structures of the infundibular complex were significantly better visualized at CT than at MR imaging. Orbital and brain anatomy were visualized better at MR imaging than at CT. No artifacts from dental work occurred in diagnostically relevant regions at MR imaging. There was a substantial to almost perfect agreement between CT and MR imaging for every kind and extent of the disease except for mucosal thickening in the maxillary and frontal sinuses, in the nasal cavity, and in the infundibulum. CONCLUSION: CT is superior to MR imaging in the depiction of fine bony details and anatomic variants and thus is superior to MR imaging in helping plan functional endoscopic sinus surgery. However, there are @entity1 groups in which MR imaging can be used as a primary tool in screening for @entity1244 .

title: Relative value of MR imaging as compared with CT in the diagnosis of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation', 'inflammatory disease']

entities_list: @entity5578 :: ('MESH:D010254', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory paranasal sinus disease']

entities_list: @entity1244 :: ('MESH:D012852', 'Disease') :: ['sinusitis']

answer: @entity5578 :: (MESH:D010254,Disease) :: ['inflammatory paranasal sinus disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the early and medium-term curative effect of water sac blocking used in the proximal @entity254 during @entity453 ( @entity453 ) in the @entity1 with serious @entity6538 ascending aorta. METHODS: Thirty-one @entity1 with serious @entity6538 ascending aorta who underwent @entity453 were enrolled in this study from January 2005 to May 2009 as experimental group in which the water sac blocking was used in the proximal @entity254 during @entity453 . There were 23 male and 8 female @entity1 with the age of (69  8) years. Sixty-three @entity1 without @entity6538 ascending aorta who underwent @entity453 at the corresponding period were selected randomly as control group in which lateral-mural clamp on ascending aorta was used in the proximal @entity254 during @entity453 . There were 39 male and 24 female @entity1 with the age of (60  9) years. Preoperative and postoperative heart functional indexes were compared in 3 months and the short and the mid-term outcomes were followed up. RESULTS: No deaths happened in the two groups. Postoperative incidence rate of @entity64 in control group was relatively higher than experimental group, but there was no significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). All the @entity1 had no symptoms 3 months after operation. Heart function and ejection fraction were increased significantly (P<0.05), meanwhile left ventricular end-diastolic diameter were decreased notably (P<0.05). The follow-up rate was 91.5% and the survival rate was 96.0% and left ventricular function decreased slightly (P<0.05) up to the end of November 2009. Seven @entity1 more than two years after operation received coronary angiography which showed proximal anastomotic stoma was patent. CONCLUSION: For @entity1 with serious @entity6538 ascending aorta, the short and medium-term result of water sac blocking used in proximal @entity254 was simple, effective and safe.

title: [Evaluation of the early and medium-term curative effect of water sac blocking used in the proximal XXXX during @entity453 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral stroke']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity6538 :: ('MESH:D018333', 'Disease') :: ['calcified']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['OPCAB', 'off-pump coronary artery bypass']

answer: @entity254 :: (MESH:C563598,Disease) :: ['anastomosis']


abstract: Prevention and treatment of allograft rejection remain the major issues in clinical small bowel transplantation. New strategies for manipulating immune responses using more powerful immunosuppressive agents continue to be evaluated. The fetal small bowel from BALB/c ( @entity8022 ) or C3H/He ( @entity8023 ) @entity19 was transplanted into the space between the peritoneum and rectus abdominis of adult C3H/He ( @entity8023 ) recipient @entity19 . Syngeneic (n = 6) and allogeneic transplant groups were made. In the allogeneic group, the recipient @entity19 were subdivided into three groups, depending on the duration of combined treatment with anti- @entity4459 and anti- @entity8024 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs): untreated (n = 10), 7-day course (n = 10), and 4-week course (n = 14). A dose of 50 micrograms/ @entity19 /d each of both MAbs was given intraperitoneally, immediately after transplantation and on the consecutive days. All @entity19 were killed 4 weeks after transplantation, and the graft as well as the recipient spleen were taken for histological examination, graft survival ratio, mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) assay and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) assay. All grafts in the syngeneic group survived with normal villi, whereas all grafts in the allogeneic group without treatment disappeared within 4 weeks. All grafts in the allogeneic group with a 7-day course of MAb treatment showed marked disruption of the mucosa with massive cellular infiltration. However, in the allogeneic group treated for 4 weeks, all allografts had adequate growth and demonstrated normal villi with minimal cellular infiltration. Splenocytes from allografted recipient @entity19 without MAb treatment showed markedly increased MLR and CTL activity, compared with the activity seen in the syngeneic MLR and CTL.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Prevention of fetal bowel allograft rejection by combined treatment with anti- @entity8024 and anti- XXXX antibodies.

answer: @entity4459 :: (16408(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['LFA-1']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity542 ( @entity542 ) in young @entity1 usually has a severe outcome when associated with @entity2806 ( @entity2806 ), which is best characterized by MRI in the acute or subacute phase utilizing @entity353 ( @entity353 ). @entity2806 in this setting has been hypothesized to result from stretching of the spinal cord, brainstem, or vasculature. OBJECTIVE: To provide clinical correlation in @entity1 with unilateral @entity2806 and to postulate a mechanism in the setting of suspected @entity542 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: IRB approval was obtained. Over a 5-year period, the medical records and images were reviewed of the 53 @entity1 < or = 3 years of age who presented with @entity542 according to the hospital registry. The @entity1 were subselected in order to determine how many suffered either @entity2806 or @entity542 , and to detect those with unilateral @entity2806 . RESULTS: In 11 of the 53 @entity1 , the etiology of the @entity542 was highly suspicious for abuse. In 38 the @entity542 was accidental and in 4 the @entity130 was of unknown etiology and at the time of this report was unresolved legally. Of the 53, 4 suffered @entity2806 confirmed by CT or MRI. In three of these four with @entity2806 the @entity130 was considered highly suspicious for @entity542 . Two of these three were the only @entity1 with unilateral @entity2806 , and both (7 months and 14 months of age) presented with early subacute phase @entity2806 seen on DW MRI (range 4-7 days) and are described in detail with clinical correlation. The third @entity1 with @entity542 and @entity2806 had bilateral findings. In the fourth @entity1 the @entity2806 was bilateral and was considered accidental. The work-up for both @entity1 with unilateral @entity2806 included head CT, craniocervical MRI, and craniocervical @entity90 angiography (MRA). In both, there was mostly unilateral, deep white matter restricted diffusion, with @entity3439 that were small compared to the extent of @entity63 , and no skull @entity174 . Craniocervical MRA and axial thin-section fat-saturation images were negative for dissection, brainstem, or @entity1566 . Legal authorities obtained a confession of @entity130 in one and a partial confession in the second (which did not fit the extent of injury). Five other @entity1 with @entity2806 (based on @entity353 ) were found during this period who had not suffered @entity542 ; all were bilateral insults. CONCLUSION: @entity2806 associated with @entity542 might present with largely unilateral white matter injury on @entity353 following extensive @entity1188 . We propose that unilateral @entity2806 in a young @entity1 might be a sign of @entity542 and might result from cervical @entity2850 , whether from kinking during hyperflexion/hyperextension or from direct strangulation.

title: @entity63 in young @entity1 from abusive XXXX , lacking craniocervical vascular dissection or @entity1566 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'child', 'children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3439 :: ('MESH:D006408', 'Disease') :: ['subdural hematomas']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['DWI', 'diffusion-weighted imaging']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy', 'HIE']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxic-ischemic insult']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['AHT', 'head trauma', 'Abusive head trauma', 'acute head trauma']

entities_list: @entity2850 :: ('MESH:D009408', 'Disease') :: ['vascular compression']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['cortical infarction']

entities_list: @entity1566 :: ('MESH:D013119', 'Disease') :: ['cord injury']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['trauma', 'inflicted injury']

answer: @entity542 :: (MESH:D006259,Disease) :: ['head trauma']


abstract: We performed this randomized, prospective double-blind study to evaluate the effects of 2 different doses of intrathecal @entity5889 (a synthetic opioid agonist-antagonist) on the onset, duration of action, side effects, and complication produced by intrathecal hyperbaric 0.5% @entity1341 in lower abdominal, urologic and lower limb surgeries. Seventy-five @entity1 of ASA grades 1 and 2 of either sex in the age group of 20-60 years were randomly allocated to 1 of 3 groups. Group A (n = 25) received 2.5 mL of 0.5% hyperbaric @entity1341 + 1 mL sterile water intrathecally; group B (n = 25) received 2.5 mL of 0.5% hyperbaric @entity1341 + 1 mL (200  g) @entity5889 intrathecally; group C (n = 25) received 2.5 mL of 0.5% hyperbaric @entity1341 + 1 mL (400  g) @entity5889 intrathecally. The onsets of sensory and motor blockade, highest level of sensory blockade, 2 segment regression time of sensory blockade, duration of motor blockade and @entity1337 , visual analog scale score, hemodynamic and respiratory changes, side effects were recorded, tabulated, and analyzed. Onsets of sensory and motor blockade and duration of motor blockade were not affected. Two segment regression time of sensory blockade and duration of @entity1337 were maximally prolonged in group C (P < 0.05). The visual analog scale scores were in the following order: group A > group B > group C at 90, 120, and 150 minutes after induction (P < 0.05). Hemodynamic and @entity1576 were absent except in 2 @entity1 in groups A and C each, and 1 @entity1 in group B developed @entity1168 (P > 0.05). One @entity1 in group A had @entity390 and @entity391 , 2 @entity1 in each group developed shivering (P > 0.05). No other side effect or complication was observed. @entity5889 (400  g) significantly prolongs the duration of sensory blockade and postoperative @entity1337 without any side effect or complication when introduced intrathecally along with hyperbaric @entity1341 .

title: Intrathecal XXXX in comparison with a combination of @entity5889 and @entity1341 for subarachnoid block: a randomized prospective double-blind clinical study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1337 :: ('MESH:D000699', 'Disease') :: ['analgesia']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity1341 :: ('MESH:D002045', 'Chemical') :: ['bupivacaine']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory complications']

entities_list: @entity5889 :: ('MESH:D009266', 'Chemical') :: ['nalbuphine', 'Nalbuphine hydrochloride']

entities_list: @entity1168 :: ('MESH:D001919', 'Disease') :: ['bradycardia']

answer: @entity1341 :: (MESH:D002045,Chemical) :: ['bupivacaine']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of staged surgical treatment on @entity17160 of the cervical spine. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted in 36 cases of @entity17160 of the cervical spine treated with staged surgery. The @entity1 (aged 50 to 79 years, mean 56.9 years) were divided into group A (50 to 64 years old, n=20) and group B (above 65 years old, n=16), and each group was further divided into 2 subgroups according to the range of decompression in the second stage, namely A1, B1 and A2, B2. @entity1957 ( @entity1957 ) was analyzed before the first-stage surgery, before the second-stage surgery and at the last follow-up after the second-stage surgery. RESULTS: All the surgeries were performed successfully. The @entity1 were followed up for 12 to 32 months (mean 18.4 months) after the second-stage surgery. After the first-stage surgery, the @entity1957 was 75.8-/+14.6 in group A, 73.2-/+13.1 in group B, 78.5-/+10.2 in group A1, 76.8-/+9.5 in group A2, 72.2-/+12.6 in group B1 and 77.4-/+18.3 in group B2. The @entity1957 at the last follow-up was 90.7-/+10.5 in group A, 89.5-/+12.4 in group B, 91.3-/+13.2 in group A1, 90.7-/+14.8 in group A2, 88.5-/+11.2 in group B1 and 92.4-/+13.6 in group B2. There was no significant difference between groups A and B or between the subgroups A1 and @entity3750 . The @entity1957 was 75.8-/+14.6 after the first-stage surgery and 90.7-/+10.5 at the last follow-up in group A, significantly higher than those in group B (73.2-/+13.1 and 89.5-/+12.4, respectively, P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Staged surgery is effective for treatment of @entity17160 of the cervical spine, and the effect of the surgery is not related to the @entity1 ' age or the range of decompression.

title: [Therapeutic effect of staged surgery for XXXX of the cervical spine].

entities_list: @entity17160 :: ('MESH:D020210', 'Disease') :: ['central cord syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3750 :: ('23545', 'Gene') :: ['A2 and groups B1 and group B2']

entities_list: @entity1957 :: ('MESH:D019957', 'Disease') :: ['ASIA motor score', 'AMS']

answer: @entity17160 :: (MESH:D020210,Disease) :: ['central cord syndrome']


abstract: Upper @entity3484 ( @entity1606 ) accounts for up to 10% of cases of @entity5 of the upper urinary tract. The "gold standard" management of upper tract @entity1606 is nephroureterectomy. Technological innovations, miniaturisations and increased availability of energy sources such as @entity23008 laser fibers have improved the armamentarium of endoscopic management of upper tract @entity1606 . Endoscopic management of upper tract @entity1606 includes the percutaneous (antegrade) and retrograde approaches. Modern flexible ureterorenoscopy allows retrograde approach to small (<1.5cm), low grade and noninvasive @entity5 , which is inaccessible to standard @entity2003 without breaching the urothelial barrier. In @entity1 with large @entity5 or in whom retrograde access is difficult, the percutaneous approach to the renal pelvis, although more invasive, provides an alternative access and control. Both retrograde and percutaneous approaches allow instillation of various chemotherapeutic agents. Careful selection of @entity1 is the key point in the successful endoscopic management of upper tract @entity1606 . @entity1 selection is based on @entity5 size, grade and multifocality and other @entity1 factors such as comorbidities, single kidney, post kidney transplant and @entity1 choice. Both motivation and compliance of @entity1 are needed for long-term successes. However, until large randomized trials with long term follow-up are available, endoscopic management of upper tract @entity1606 should be reserved for only selected group of @entity1 . This review summarizes the current techniques, indications, contraindications and outcomes of endoscopic management of UTTCC and the key published data.

title: Endoscopic management of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3484 :: ('MESH:D014571', 'Disease') :: ['urinary tract transitional cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity2003 :: ('MESH:D009127', 'Disease') :: ['rigid ureteroscopes']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'neoplasm', 'tumors']

answer: @entity1606 :: (MESH:D002295,Disease) :: ['upper tract transitional cell carcinoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of Buyang Huanwu Decoction ([Chinese characters: see text]) on promoting functional recovery of crushed common peroneal nerve in @entity35 . METHODS: Thirty @entity35 were subjected to produce common peroneal nerve @entity130 was 5 mm. All the @entity35 were divided into 3 groups: BYHWD group, @entity7614 group and model group. The drugs were given by gavage daily for 18 days. Footprint test was performed at the 18th day after surgery to evaluate @entity177 ( @entity177 ). Electrophysiology was performed at the 18th day after operation to determine the nerve conduct velocity (NCV). The wet weight ratio and section area of tibial muscle were also measured. RESULTS: ( @entity177 :At the 18th day after operation, the @entity177 in BYHWD group (-0.15 +/- 0.07) increased significantly compared with that of model group (-0.25 +/- 0.07) (P < 0.01); the @entity177 in mecobalamin group (-0.17 +/- 0.08) also increased notably compared with that of model group (P < 0.01).(2) NCV: the NCV in BYHWD group [(18.36 +/- 2.74) m/s] (P < 0.01l) and in mecobalamin group [(16.32 +/- 3.54) m/s] (P < 0.05) also increased significantly compared with that of model group [(9.08 +/- 2.56) m/s]; there was striking variation between model group and mecobalamin group (P < 0.05). (3) Wet weight ratio: the wet weight ratio in BYHWD group [(64.21 +/- 2.92)%] (P < 0.01)and in mecobalamin group [(62.43 +/- 3.21)%] (P < 0.01) all increased significantly compared with that of model group [(54.27 +/- 2.05)%]. (4) The section area of tibial muscle: the section area of tibial muscle in BYHWD group [(654.21 +/- 42.92) cm2] (P < 0.01) and in mecobalamin group [(638.43 +/- 93.21) cm2] (P < 0.01) all increased significantly compared with that of model group [(574.27 +/- 52.05) cm2]; there was also striking variation between model group and mecobalamin group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: BYHWD can promotes functional recovery of crushed nerve as a result of accelerating recovery of @entity177 , raising NCV and delaying the decrease of tibial muscle section area and wet weight ratio.

title: [Experimental study on Buyang Huanwu decoction ([Chinese characters: see text]) for promoting functional recovery of crushed common peroneal nerve in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague-Dawley rats', 'rats']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['TSF', 'toe spread function']

entities_list: @entity7614 :: ('MESH:C019476', 'Chemical') :: ['mecobalamin']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['injuries model,and the length of injury']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Few reports have evaluated the efficacy of re-operation for relapse after @entity157 ( @entity157 ) with bile duct @entity715 ( @entity21003 ). The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of initial surgery and subsequent re-operation for @entity157 with @entity21003 , and their effects on prognosis. METHODS: The clinical data of 880 @entity1 with @entity157 , including 28 @entity1 with @entity21003 , who underwent radical hepatectomy between 1998 and 2008 in our hospital, were reviewed. The effects of @entity21003 and re-operation on prognosis were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: The 1-, 3- and 5-year survival rates were 89.3%, 46.4% and 21.4%, respectively, in 28 @entity1 with @entity21003 versus 91.4%, 52.9% and 20.9% in 852 @entity1 without @entity21003 (P>0.05). Six @entity1 with @entity21003 underwent re-operation after disease relapse, and their survival time was significantly longer than those who did not undergo re-operation (P<0.05). Multivariate analysis indicated that portal vein invasion and @entity5 size were independently associated with @entity5 relapse and prognosis (P<0.05). Univariate analysis and multivariate analyses showed that @entity3883 was not significantly correlated with @entity5 relapse or prognosis (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Hepatectomy plus @entity21003 removal is an effective treatment option for @entity157 with @entity21003 . @entity3883 is not a contraindication for surgery. Re-operation after relapse can provide good outcomes if the cases are appropriately selected.

title: Surgical operation and re-operation for @entity157 with bile duct XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3883 :: ('MESH:D041781', 'Disease') :: ['Obstructive jaundice', 'obstructive jaundice']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'initial surgery for hepatocellular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

answer: @entity715 :: (MESH:D013927,Disease) :: ['thrombosis']


abstract: Clear cell @entity201 is a very unusual variant of @entity1126 . We present 3 cases on which we performed a broad spectrum of immunohistochemical analysis. The @entity5 showed a glandular and trabecular growth pattern with abundant @entity2269 and clear cell change of about 80% of the @entity5 cells. Positive expression of @entity5822 indicated a cholangiocellular origin. A primary @entity157 and metastatic clear cell @entity5 of the kidney, gastrointestinal tract, and the thyroid gland were excluded by absence of @entity2225 , @entity2282 , HepPar1, and @entity10922 . No @entity3558 could be detected within the cytoplasm of the clear cells. Electronmicroscopy revealed only a few glycogen granula, but numerous cytoplasmic lipoid vacuoles as a possible explanation for the clear cell phenotype. All 3 @entity5 exhibited positive expression of @entity2940 ( @entity2940 ) in a significant amount of the clear cells. Beside the clear cell component, one @entity5 also showed an adenocarcinomalike and a well-differentiated tubular component. @entity2940 expression was detected in all 3 @entity5 areas. This report of 3 cases demonstrates that clear cell @entity201 are not only of unusual histomorphology. They also show @entity2940 expression which is a very uncommon finding for @entity1419 . As @entity2940 expression is also found in reactive bile ducts and @entity10923 , one may speculate that these rare @entity5 may originate from reactive bile ducts or @entity75 .

title: Intrahepatic clear cell @entity201 : immunohistochemical aspects in a very rare type of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors', 'neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['cholangiomatous lesions']

entities_list: @entity10923 :: ('MESH:D002759', 'Disease') :: ['bile duct adenomas']

entities_list: @entity2269 :: ('MESH:D058405', 'Disease') :: ['desmoplastic stroma']

entities_list: @entity1126 :: ('MESH:D001650', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral bile duct carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity201 :: ('MESH:D018281', 'Disease') :: ['cholangiocarcinomas', 'cholangiocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1419 :: ('MESH:C535533', 'Disease') :: ['intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']

answer: @entity201 :: (MESH:D018281,Disease) :: ['cholangiocarcinoma']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity9440 secondary to colonoscopy was first reported in 1974 by Wherry and Zehner. It has an incidence of around 0.00005-0.017%, and a mortality rate of 5%. METHOD: We performed a literature search to identify the demographic profile, risk factors, clinical presentations, diagnosis and management of this rare complication. RESULTS: There were 66 @entity1 (51 females and 14 males), with a median age of 65. The mortality rate was 4.5%. Majority (n=41, 62.1%) occurred in uneventful colonoscopies. Symptoms usually (74%) occurred within 24h, and 55.8% presented within 24h. Majority (93.9%) had some form of work-up done, with blood tests (78.8%) and CT (68.2%) being the most frequent. Laparotomy and splenectomy were done in over half (56.1%) of the @entity1 . @entity1410 (47%), laceration (47%) and @entity397 (33.3%) were the most common findings. CONCLUSION: @entity130 is an important complication to be aware of as its number will continue to rise with the increasing numbers of colonoscopies being performed for @entity14 , and delayed diagnosis may result in adverse outcome for the @entity1 .

title: XXXX in colonoscopy: a review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1410 :: ('MESH:D006406', 'Disease') :: ['Splenic hematoma']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal diseases']

entities_list: @entity9440 :: ('MESH:D013161', 'Disease') :: ['Splenic rupture']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['Splenic injury']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['Splenic injury']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We present a comprehensive review of @entity438 in @entity4917 (KTS/ @entity23673 ), and examine factors influencing the risks of surgery vs conservative management. CLINICAL PRESENTATION: A 58-year-old physician with KTS affecting the right extremities presented with left @entity64 and was discovered to harbor four @entity438 of the posterior circulation: fusiform mid and distal BA (2.6 x 2 x 2 cm), fusiform right proximal P1 (2 x 1.3 x 1.3 cm), fusiform right distal P1 (2.8 x 2.7 x 2 cm), and saccular left distal posterior @entity5487 (2.5 x 2.5 x 2.5 cm). Ten years later he had an @entity1188 in the paramedian distribution of the basilar artery and a right internal capsule @entity64 . Two months later, he developed @entity1276 , ultimately presenting in @entity159 4 months later secondary to ongoing @entity439 expansion and mass effect. INTERVENTION: Systemic anticoagulation for acute @entity715 with possible distal arterioarterial embolization from giant P1 @entity439 . Ventriculoperitoneal shunting for @entity1276 . The @entity1 died within 9 days after admission and 10 years after the initial discovery of @entity439 . CONCLUSION: Strict control of modifiable risk factors compromising vascular integrity and periodic neuroimaging are warranted in KTS/ @entity23673 @entity1 . KTS/ @entity23673 @entity1 are hypercoagulable, and may be predisposed to @entity439 @entity715 with increased risk for distal arterial microembolization. @entity64 -related morbidity secondary to distal arterioarterial @entity439 and acute @entity439 @entity715 may be decreased with systemic anticoagulation in this @entity1 population. KTS/ @entity23673 @entity1 have significantly higher rates of @entity11942 and PE than the general population, and should be classified in the high-risk category for @entity1211 prophylaxis. Both endovascular and open cerebrovascular techniques have been used successfully in KTS/ @entity23673 @entity1 with @entity438 .

title: XXXX in @entity4917 : case report.

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'Stroke', 'hemispheric cerebellar stroke']

entities_list: @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['hydrocephalus']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms', 'aneurysm thrombus embolization', 'aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity5487 :: ('MESH:D014854', 'Disease') :: ['inferior cerebellar artery']

entities_list: @entity4917 :: ('MESH:D007715', 'Disease') :: ['Klippel-Trenaunay and Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber syndromes']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['venous thromboembolism']

entities_list: @entity159 :: ('MESH:D013226', 'Disease') :: ['status epilepticus']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial aneurysms']

answer: @entity438 :: (MESH:D002532,Disease) :: ['Intracranial aneurysms']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 9062 Background: We investigated the impact of @entity978 ( @entity978 ) on parenthood, comparing @entity978 survivors with matched general population controls (UNECE Generations and Gender Survey), available for France and The Netherlands. METHODS: Surviving and traceable @entity1 treated in 1964-2004 in 9 successive multicenter clinical trials were sent a life style questionnaire in 2009, including questions on parenthood. Responders aged >= 15 at treatment were matched (1:3-4) for sex, country, education and year of birth (grouped per 10 years). Controls were given an artificial date of start of treatment, the same as their matched @entity1 . The main endpoint was presence of biological @entity1 after treatment, evaluated using conditional logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Of 3,604 @entity1 contacted in 5 countries, 1,910 (53.0%) responded. 1,654 French (737) and Dutch (917) @entity1 were matched with 6,414 controls. Median follow-up was 14 (range 5-44) years. Before treatment, 45.7% of @entity1 and 48.8% of controls had @entity1 . After treatment, the odds ratio (OR) to have @entity1 was 0.77 (95% CI 0.68-0.87; p<0.001) for @entity1 compared to controls. OR did not change with correction for presence of @entity1 before, age at start of or treatment period. OR was 0.84 (95% CI 0.70-1.00; p=0.06) for males; it was 0.64 (95% CI 0.52-0.77; p<0.001) for females corrected for age at start of treatment. Of 898 @entity1 childless before treatment, 60.1% tried to have @entity1 and 46.7% succeeded, compared to 49.3% in 3196 childless controls (OR=0.87; 95% CI 0.74-1.01, p=0.08). Among 756 @entity1 with @entity1 before treatment 16.8% attempted post-treatment parenthood; 12.4% succeeded compared to 22.2% of 3218 controls with @entity1 before treatment (OR=0.49; 95% CI 0.38-0.63, p<0.001). Post-treatment adoption concerned 26 @entity1 (1.6%) compared to overall adoption in 59 controls (0.9%) (OR 1.78; 95% CI 1.10-2.87; p=0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Survivors of @entity978 had slightly but significantly less @entity1 after treatment than general population controls. The difference only concerned @entity1 who had @entity1 before treatment. Remarkably, three-quarters of @entity1 succeeded who attempted post-treatment parenthood.

title: Parenthood in survivors of XXXX : An EORTC-GELA general population case-control study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity978 :: ('MESH:D006689', 'Disease') :: ['HL', 'Hodgkin lymphoma']

answer: @entity978 :: (MESH:D006689,Disease) :: ['Hodgkin lymphoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Chronic @entity15608 is @entity2517 located on the vermilion border. Treatment is essential because of the potential for malignant transformation. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the aesthetic and functional results of vermilionectomy using the classic and W-plasty techniques in @entity15608 . In the classic technique, the scar is linear and in the W-plasty one, it is a broken line. METHODS: 32 @entity1 with clinical and histopathological diagnosis of @entity15608 were treated. Out of the 32 @entity1 , 15 underwent the W-plasty technique and 17 underwent the classic one. We evaluated parameters such as scar retraction and functional changes. RESULTS: A statistically significant association between the technique used and scar retraction was found, which was positive when using the classic technique (p = 0.01 with Yates' correction). The odds ratio was calculated at 11.25, i.e., there was a greater chance of retraction in @entity1 undergoing the classic technique. Both techniques revealed no functional changes. We evaluated @entity260 such as the presence of crusts, dry lips, paresthesia, and suture dehiscence. There was no statistically significant association between complications and the technique used (p = 0.69). CONCLUSION: We concluded that vermilionectomy using the W-plasty technique shows better cosmetic results and similar complication rates.

title: XXXX : aesthetic and functional comparative evaluation of vermilionectomy using the classic and W-plasty techniques.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity15608 :: ('MESH:C535669', 'Disease') :: ['actinic cheilitis']

entities_list: @entity2517 :: ('MESH:D055623', 'Disease') :: ['actinic keratosis']

answer: @entity15608 :: (MESH:C535669,Disease) :: ['Actinic cheilitis']


abstract: @entity328 is the main cause of @entity497 ( @entity497 ) in adults. OBJECTIVES: To compare accuracy and discriminatory power of three validated rules for predicting clinically relevant adverse outcomes in @entity1 hospitalized with community-acquired @entity2258 . MEASUREMENTS: We prospectively compared the @entity55 severity index (PSI), British @entity1514 Society score (CURB-65) and @entity9527 ( @entity9527 ) in a cohort of 151 consecutive immunocompetent adult @entity1 hospitalized with @entity2258 . Major adverse outcomes were admission to ICU, need for mechanical ventilation, in-hospital complications and 30-day mortality. Mean hospital length of stay (LOS) was also evaluated. The predictive indexes were compared based on sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve of the receiver operating characteristic. RESULTS: The mean age of 151 immunocompetent adult @entity1 hospitalized with @entity2258 was 64 years (range, 16 to 92); 58% were male, 75% had comorbidities, 26% were admitted to the intensive care unit and 9% needed mechanical ventilation. The rate of all adverse outcomes and hospital LOS increased directly with increasing PSI, CURB-65 and @entity9527 scores. The three severity scores allowed us to predict the risk of in-hospital complications and 30-day mortality. The PSI score was more sensitive and the @entity9527 was more specific to predict in-hospital complications and the risk of @entity204 . However, the @entity9527 was more sensitive and specific in predicting the use of mechanical ventilation. CONCLUSION: The severity scores validated in the literature allow us to predict the risk of complications and @entity204 in adult @entity1 hospitalized with @entity2258 . Nevertheless, the clinical indexes differ in their sensitivity, specificity and discriminatory power to predict different adverse events.

title: [Severity scores for predicting clinically relevant outcomes for immunocompetent adult @entity1 hospitalized with community-acquired XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity497 :: ('MESH:D003147', 'Disease') :: ['CAP', 'community-acquired pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity9527 :: ('OMIM:115650', 'Disease') :: ['SCAP', 'severe CAP score']

entities_list: @entity2258 :: ('MESH:D011018', 'Disease') :: ['pneumococcal pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity328 :: ('1313', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus pneumoniae']

answer: @entity2258 :: (MESH:D011018,Disease) :: ['pneumococcal pneumonia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the improvement of metabolic control and cardiovascular risk factors, adherence, self-monitoring, self-care, attitudes and motivation in subjects with Type 2 @entity6 (DM2) in a specific Health Care Area after group intervention through the community: @entity6 education (DE) and @entity4270 ( @entity4270 ). DESIGN: A single blind, randomised controlled clinical trial. INTERVENTION: group 1: DE; group 2: ED and @entity4270 ; group 3: only @entity4270 , and "control" group-4: Individual consultations. LOCATION: Urban health centre/municipal sports centre. @entity1 : 108 DM2, age: 40-70, glycated haemoglobin (HbA(1)c)  <= 8.5%, blood pressure (BP)<160/90 and body mass index (BMI)<45, excluding those with chronic complications and/or acute decompensation. INTERVENTIONS: During 6 months, 8 workshops were held for group education and monitored aerobic @entity4270 of moderate intensity (3 hours a week). MAIN MEASUREMENTS: Primary variable pre- and post- intervention: reduction in HbA(1)c; other variables: examination and analytical data, therapeutic compliance, self-monitoring, self-care, attitudes and motivation (DAS-3SP survey). RESULTS: After intervention, more @entity6 had a lower HbA(1)c following a full intervention: "DE" and " @entity4270 ", RR: 1.93 (0.85-4.40) and exercise, RR: 1.56 (0.65-3.76). With simultaneous DE and @entity4270 , the BMI, RR: 1.61 (0.85-3.03) and LDL @entity165 , RR: 1.82 (0.99-3.36), of many subjects decreased. Dietary compliance, RR: 1.29 (0.32-5.22) and exercise, RR: 1.93 (0.76-4.91) also increased, more @entity1 performing their own checks, RR: 3.86 (0.90-16.55) and improving motivation/attitudes in "strict control management", RR: 1.48 (0.94-2.34). With @entity4270 , systolic and diastolic BP decreased in more @entity1 RR: 1.35 (0.72-2.52), 1.87 (0.72-4.84) while in the DE group only diastolic values decreased 1.80 (0.69-4.67). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 conditions improve more with the combination of DE and @entity4270 , though the results are not statistically significant, probably due to insufficient sample size.

title: [Improvement of control in subjects with type 2 XXXX after a joint intervention: @entity6 education and physical activity].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

entities_list: @entity4270 :: ('MESH:D059445', 'Disease') :: ['PE', 'physical exercise']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetes', 'diabetics', 'diabetes']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether age and @entity8 affect the rate of side effects or expected efficacy of @entity1499 ( @entity1500 ) in @entity309 ( @entity309 ). METHODS: Data was pooled from 11 @entity1500 clinical trials containing 496 @entity1 treated with @entity1500 . We evaluated those @entity1 less than 60 years old and those in 5-year groupings of age over age 60. Using serum @entity1011 , weight, and age, we calculated @entity1011 clearance and placed @entity1 into quartiles based on their baseline @entity1011 clearance. To evaluate efficacy, we used changes in American College of Rheumatology core set efficacy measures available in these trials. To quantify side effects, we scored each side effect based on a modified @entity137 score and assigned each @entity1 a score based on the worst side effect experienced during the trial. We also separately evaluated liver @entity137 (twice normal elevation of @entity6571 or ALT), @entity137 and severe @entity137 . Intent-to-treat analyses were performed, adjusting for study of origin. Results were confirmed by placebo controlled trials, comparing @entity1500 and placebo treated @entity1 . RESULTS: Neither age nor @entity8 had any effect on the efficacy of @entity1500 . Those in the oldest age groups (65-69 years, > or = 70 years) were not at higher risk of side effects from @entity1500 . However, @entity1 with @entity8 had a higher overall rate of @entity137 and were at higher risk of severe and respiratory @entity137 than those whose @entity1011 clearances were at least 99.8 ml/min (reference group). The odds of severe @entity137 were increased roughly 4-fold in those with @entity8 . CONCLUSION: Among clinical trial @entity1 , age does not affect @entity1500 efficacy or the rate of side effects. @entity8 , however, increases the risk of side effects.

title: The effect of age and renal function on the efficacy and @entity137 of XXXX in @entity309 . @entity309 Clinical Trial Archive Group.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['Renal impairment', 'renal impairment']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'respiratory toxicity', 'toxicities', 'Fries toxicity']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA']

answer: @entity1499 :: (MESH:D008727,Chemical) :: ['methotrexate']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In @entity309 ( @entity309 ), hand @entity603 appears especially in wrist, metacarpophalangeal (MCP) and proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joints. In @entity571 ( @entity571 ), potential inflammatory changes are mainly present in PIP and @entity571 ( @entity571 ) joints. @entity32 can be visualised by fluorescence optical imaging (FOI) and musculoskeletal ultrasound (US). OBJECTIVE: Comparison of the amount and distribution of inflammatory signs in wrist and finger joints of the clinically dominant hand in @entity1 with @entity571 and @entity309 by FOI and gray-scale (GSUS) and power Doppler US (PDUS). METHODS: FOI and GSUS/PDUS were performed in 1.170 joints (wrists, MCP, PIP, @entity571 ) in 90 @entity1 (67 @entity309 , 23 @entity571 ). @entity32 was graded by a semiquantitative score (0-3) for each imaging method. RESULTS: GSUS/PDUS showed wrist and MCP joints mostly affected in @entity309 . @entity571 joints were graded higher in @entity571 . In FOI, @entity309 and @entity571 featured inflammatory changes in the respective joint groups depending on the phase of fluorescence dye flooding. CONCLUSIONS: US and FOI detected @entity32 in both @entity309 and @entity571 highlighting the inflammatory component in the course of @entity571 . The different inflammatory patterns and various shapes of fluorescence enhancement in FOI may offer opportunities to distinguish and determine the inflammatory status in both diseases.

title: Analysis of distribution and severity of @entity32 in XXXX with osteoarthitis compared to @entity309 by ICG-enhanced fluorescence optical imaging and musculoskeletal ultrasound: a pilot study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation', 'Joint inflammation']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['DIP', 'hand osteoarthritis', 'OA', 'distal interphalangeal']

entities_list: @entity603 :: ('MESH:D013585', 'Disease') :: ['synovitis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: The @entity258 present in food is of pressing concern. The purpose of the present study was to determine the carcinogenicity of low doses of the dietary genotoxic carcinogen @entity20958 (IQ) and to investigate mechanisms by which IQ exerts its carcinogenic effects. A total of 1595 male F344 @entity35 were divided into seven groups and administered with IQ at doses of 0, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10 and 100 p.p.m. in the diet for 16 weeks. We found that IQ doses of 1 p.p.m. and below did not induce @entity1613 in either the liver or the colon, while IQ doses of 10 and 100 p.p.m. induced @entity1613 in both of these organs. These results demonstrate the presence of no-effect levels of IQ for both liver and @entity694 in @entity35 . The finding that @entity7504 (Cip/ @entity9533 ) was significantly induced in the liver at doses well below those required for IQ mediated carcinogenic effects suggests that induction of @entity7504 (Cip/ @entity9533 ) is one of the mechanisms responsible for the observed no-effect of low doses of IQ. Furthermore, IQ administration caused significant induction of @entity7771 at doses of 0.01-10   p.p.m., but administration of 100 p.p.m. IQ induced @entity7772 rather than @entity7771 . This result indicates the importance of dosage when interpreting data on the carcinogenicity and metabolic activation of IQ. Overall, our results suggest the existence of no-effect levels for the carcinogenicity of this genotoxic compound.

title: Low-dose carcinogenicity of @entity20958 in @entity35 : Evidence for the existence of no-effect levels and a mechanism involving XXXX (Cip/ @entity9533 ).

entities_list: @entity258 :: ('MESH:D009800', 'Disease') :: ['carcinogenicity of the low amounts of genotoxic carcinogens']

entities_list: @entity1613 :: ('MESH:D011230', 'Disease') :: ['preneoplastic lesions']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon carcinogenicity']

entities_list: @entity20958 :: ('MESH:C029216', 'Chemical') :: ['2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline']

answer: @entity7504 :: (24525(Tax:10116),Gene) :: ['p21']


abstract: @entity18918 , a bacterial immunomodulator, is a preparation consisting of seven bacteria, commonly causing @entity1576 . When given orally, @entity18918 has been shown to enhance the host defense of the respiratory tract. Intestinal lamina propria lymphocytes (LPL), Peyer's patch lymphocytes (PPL), and splenocytes from BALB/c @entity19 gavaged either with @entity18918 or carrier alone were isolated, labeled with either @entity5956 , a supravital nuclear fluorochrome, or 51Cr, and injected i.v. into untreated, age-matched BALB/c @entity19 . Two hours later, spleen, liver, lung, kidneys, Peyer's patch, and mesenteric lymph nodes of the recipients were harvested and screened for the presence of labeled cells. LPL from @entity19 gavaged with carrier only (controls) migrated preferentially to the lung, PPL equally well to the lung, and the spleen and splenocytes were found mostly in the spleen. LPL and PPL from @entity18918 -treated @entity19 were found in significantly larger numbers in the lungs of recipients than LPL and PPL from control animals. Both labeling techniques gave roughly the same results. Sixty-five per cent of LPL in the lung were Thy-1.2+ and 20% B cells. These findings should contribute to the understanding of parameters necessary for the assessment of the mode of action and efficacy of immunomodulation and vaccination via the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue.

title: Oral administration of a bacterial immunomodulator enhances XXXX intestinal lamina propria and Peyer's patch lymphocyte traffic to the lung: possible implications for infectious disease prophylaxis and therapy.

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory disease']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['murine']


abstract: @entity4396 analogue ( @entity4397 ) therapy is an established method of @entity342 withdrawal in the treatment of @entity263 . The present study investigated if the expression of prostate GnRH receptors (GnRHRs) might influence the response to @entity4397 . @entity23042 protein expression was first studied in a panel of @entity263 cell lines. In @entity342 -dependent cells, @entity23042 expression was unchanged following acute or chronic @entity342 withdrawal. In these cells, @entity4397 significantly inhibited @entity342 -induced cell proliferation (p = 0.01). In contrast, @entity4397 was unable to further suppress basal levels of cell proliferation induced by @entity342 withdrawal. In @entity342 -independent @entity263 cells, variable levels of @entity23042 expression were observed. In these cells, @entity4397 treatment blocked cell proliferation (p = 0.001) and invasion (up to 70%) induced by fibroblast growth factor stimulation. Crucially, this effect was only evident in cells that expressed high levels of the @entity23042 . @entity4397 treatment also significantly inhibited the ability of these cells to recover from a cytotoxic insult (50% inhibition). The clinical significance of prostate @entity23042 was tested by immunohistochemistry in a preliminary cohort of @entity1 treated with @entity4397 or surgical castration. There was no association between @entity23042 expression and pathological grade, clinical stage, time to PSA nadir (p = 0.82) (n = 35) or progression to hormone refractory disease (p = 0.22) (n = 21), irrespective of the treatment method. @entity4397 therapy in the presence of high @entity23042 expression however, was found to be associated with longer disease-specific survival (mean survival 85 months, p = 0.002). In contrast, high @entity23042 expression was not associated with survival among surgically castrated @entity1 (mean survival 50 months, p = 0.7). Taken together, these data support the notion of a functional interaction between @entity4397 and the @entity23042 , which results in an anti-tumourigenic effect on @entity263 cells. Findings from this report have direct implications for the use of @entity23042 as a novel therapeutic target in hormone @entity263 .

title: Evidence that prostate XXXX receptors mediate an anti-tumourigenic response to analogue therapy in hormone @entity263 .

entities_list: @entity4396 :: ('2796', 'Gene') :: ['Gonadotropin-releasing hormone']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['refractory prostate cancer', 'prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen']

answer: @entity4396 :: (2796,Gene) :: ['gonadotropin-releasing hormone']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe alternate diagnostic protocols and describe the differential diagnosis for desquamative inflammatory @entity365 (DIV). MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred one cases of DIV were audited retrospectively. All @entity1 were seen exclusively by the authors in their private practices using diagnostic criteria applicable to local practice limitations. Other potential etiologies ( @entity281 , contact irritant @entity365 , fixed @entity203 , @entity66 , @entity172 hypersensitivity @entity15231 , and @entity2132 ) were excluded by history, examination, and focused trials of treatment. Historical triggers in the study cohort and a control group of 75 @entity1 with @entity9338 also drawn from the authors' private practice were compared. @entity1 were treated with 4 to 6 weeks of topical vaginal antibiotics, 94% with @entity3402 , and response to treatment was recorded at subsequent follow-up. RESULTS: All @entity1 were white. Of 101 @entity1 , 57 (56%) had historical triggers, most frequently @entity294 or antibiotic treatment. Of the 75 @entity1 in the control group with vaginal @entity9338 , 11 had historical triggers (15%, p <.0001). Of 101 @entity1 , examination revealed classic ecchymotic findings in 55 (54%), confluent erythema in 36 (36%), involvement of the upper vagina in 8 (8%), and heavy discharge in only 2 (2%). Of 101 @entity1 , 54 (54%) had no significant abnormality on laboratory microbiological testing. Moreover, 20 (20%) had a pure growth of a commensal organism on culture, of which 13 were group B streptococci. Of 101 @entity1 , 96 (95%) were symptomatically and objectively improved at initial review. On the other hand, 45 (45%) required maintenance treatment. Of this group, 10 @entity1 who had triggers for their @entity365 , which were ongoing, were cured when their triggers were finally controlled or cured, leaving 35 @entity1 who required long-term maintenance therapy. CONCLUSIONS: Desquamative inflammatory @entity365 seems to be a distinct entity of @entity365 that, in an office setting, can be distinguished from other diagnostic possibilities by careful clinical evaluation and focused trials of treatment. The majority of @entity1 responded promptly to intravaginal antibiotics, with approximately 35% of cases requiring maintenance therapy. More than half the cases have an historical trigger. We postulate that DIV occurs when a trigger causes shifts in vaginal homeostasis, resulting in an inflammatory response associated with increased epithelial cell turnover.

title: Desquamative inflammatory XXXX : differential diagnosis and alternate diagnostic criteria.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['immunobullous diseases']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity203 :: ('MESH:D003875', 'Disease') :: ['drug eruptions']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity9338 :: ('MESH:D008010', 'Disease') :: ['lichen planus']

entities_list: @entity15231 :: ('MESH:D014848', 'Disease') :: ['vulvovaginitis']

entities_list: @entity2132 :: ('MESH:D006086', 'Disease') :: ['graft-vs-host disease']

entities_list: @entity365 :: ('MESH:D014627', 'Disease') :: ['vaginitis']

entities_list: @entity3402 :: ('MESH:D002981', 'Chemical') :: ['clindamycin']

answer: @entity365 :: (MESH:D014627,Disease) :: ['vaginitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: A critical involvement of the endocannabinoid/cannabinoid receptor system in @entity6 and its complications has been recognized. Experimental evidence suggested that activation of the cannabinoid receptor type 2 ( @entity14651 ), which is expressed in the kidney by podocytes and inflammatory cells, had a protective role in early @entity3839 -induced type 1 @entity6 in @entity19 . No experimental evidence is so far available on the effects of @entity14651 agonists in type 2 @entity6 . In this study, we investigated the effects of a @entity14651 agonist given at a phase of overt disease on renal functional and structural changes in BTBR ob/ob @entity19 , a model of type 2 @entity2316 . METHODS: BTBR ob/ob @entity19 received, from 10 to 21 weeks of age, vehicle, the selective @entity14651 agonist @entity22371 , or @entity3593 used as standard therapy for comparison. BTBR wild-type @entity19 served as controls. RESULTS: Treatment with @entity14651 agonist reduced progressive @entity633 of BTBR ob/ob @entity19 to a similar extent as @entity14206 inhibitor. The antiproteinuric effect of @entity14651 agonist was associated with the amelioration of the defective @entity22204 expression in podocytes of @entity6 @entity19 . @entity14651 agonist limited mesangial matrix expansion, fibronectin accumulation and @entity1463 . Glomerular infiltration of @entity9675 -positive monocytes/machrophages was attenuated by @entity14651 agonist, at least in part due to the drug's ability to reduce @entity8929 chemotactic signals. Renoprotective effects of @entity14651 were similar to those achieved by @entity14206 inhibitor. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that @entity14651 agonism is a potential option to be added to the available therapeutic armamentarium for type 2 @entity2316 .

title: Therapy with a Selective Cannabinoid Receptor Type 2 Agonist Limits XXXX and Renal Injury in @entity19 with Type 2 @entity2316 .

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity2316 :: ('MESH:D003928', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic nephropathy']

entities_list: @entity3839 :: ('MESH:D013311', 'Chemical') :: ['streptozotocin']

entities_list: @entity633 :: ('MESH:D000419', 'Disease') :: ['albuminuria']

entities_list: @entity1463 :: ('MESH:D012598', 'Disease') :: ['sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity3593 :: ('MESH:D017706', 'Chemical') :: ['lisinopril']

answer: @entity633 :: (MESH:D000419,Disease) :: ['Albuminuria']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine the performance of the Corticosteroid Randomization After Significant @entity542 (CRASH) trial prognostic model in older @entity1 with @entity131 . SETTING: The National Study on Costs and Outcomes of @entity130 cohort, established at 69 hospitals in the United States in 2001 and 2002. @entity1 : Adults with @entity131 and an initial Glasgow Coma Scale score of 14 or less. DESIGN: The CRASH-CT model predicting @entity204 within 14 days was deployed in all @entity1 . Model performance in older @entity1 (aged 65-84 years) was compared with that in younger @entity1 (aged 18-64 years). MAIN MEASURES: Model discrimination (as defined by the c-statistic) and calibration (as defined by the Hosmer-Lemeshow P value). RESULTS: CRASH-CT model discrimination was not significantly different between the older (n = 356; weighted n = 524) and younger @entity1 (n = 981; weighted n = 2602) and was generally adequate (c-statistic 0.83 vs 0.87, respectively; P = .11). CRASH-CT model calibration was adequate for the older @entity1 and inadequate for younger @entity1 (Hosmer-Lemeshow P values .12 and .001, respectively), possibly reflecting differences in sample size. Calibration-in-the-large showed no systematic under- or overprediction in either stratum. CONCLUSION: The CRASH-CT model may be valid for use in a geriatric population.

title: The Application of the CRASH-CT Prognostic Model for Older Adults With XXXX : A Population-Based Observational Cohort Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['traumatic brain injury']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['Head injury']

answer: @entity131 :: (MESH:D001930,Disease) :: ['Traumatic Brain Injury']


abstract: PURPOSE: We analyze the outcomes of open repair (OR) in @entity1 with @entity1755 ( @entity1755 ) according to the anatomic suitability for @entity439 repair (EVAR). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed retrospectively all consecutive @entity1755 @entity1 who underwent OR from January 2005 to March 2014. All suspected @entity1 underwent preoperative computed tomography (CT). Outcomes were major morbidities and mortality. Multivariate analysis was performed by using logistic regression adjusted by controlled variables; gender, Hardman index, maximal aneurysmal diameter, rupture type, perioperative transfusion requirement, and perioperative urinary output. RESULTS: Among 54 consecutive @entity1 with @entity1755 who underwent OR, 45 @entity1 were included after exclusion of 9 @entity1 (7, suprarenal; 1, infected; 1, inflammatory). Preoperative CT showed 27% (12/45) EVAR-suitable @entity1 . Hostile neck anatomy was found in 88% (29/33) among unsuitable anatomy (UA) (n=33). The maximal aneurysmal diameter was statistically larger (83.1  21.0 mm vs. 68.8  12.3 mm, P=0.032) in the UA group. The 30-day mortality was 28.9% (13/45; 33% vs. 17% in UA group vs. suitable anatomy [SA] group, P=0.460; adjusted P=0.445). UA group had more @entity1 with cardiac morbidity (55% vs. 25%, P=0.079; adjusted P=0.032; odds ratio, 12.914; 95% confidence interval, 1.238-134.675). There was no statistical difference in survival rate between SA and UA groups (74.1%, 74.1%, and 74.1% vs. 60.6%, 55.6%, and 32.4% at 1-, 3- and 5-year, respectively; P=0.145). CONCLUSION: In this study, relatively unfavorable outcomes were found in the EVAR-unsuitable group after OR in @entity1755 @entity1 . However, unsuitable anatomy did not influence @entity1 survival after OR by multivariate analysis.

title: Open Repair of XXXX : The Suitability of @entity439 Repair Does Not Influence Operative Mortality.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['endovascular aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity1755 :: ('MESH:D001019', 'Disease') :: ['ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm', 'RAAA']

answer: @entity1755 :: (MESH:D001019,Disease) :: ['Ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm']


abstract: CONTEXT: @entity1904 , a well-known biomarker of @entity295 and @entity2348 , is produced by adipose tissue and has potential as a marker for chronic low-grade @entity32 . OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to investigate whether plasma @entity1904 levels in the normal range are associated with @entity28 , @entity2690 resistance, and @entity209 ( @entity209 ) in the general population. METHODS: Plasma @entity1904 (0.006-0.1 ng/ml) was measured in 3197 @entity1 and 3638 @entity1 (aged 28-75 yr) of the Prevention of Renal and Vascular End-Stage Disease (PREVEND) study using an ultrasensitive immunoluminometric assay. @entity209 was defined according to Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. RESULTS: Median (interquartile range) plasma @entity1904 was 0.018 (0.015-0.022) ng/ml in @entity1 and 0.014 (0.012-0.017) ng/ml in @entity1 (P < 0.001). Plasma @entity1904 was positively associated with body mass index and waist circumference. In both sexes, cross-sectional associations of plasma @entity1904 with @entity2690 resistance and components of the @entity209 remained significant after adjustment for age, body mass index, waist circumference, and other covariates. The age-adjusted odds ratio (OR) for @entity209 was 3.2 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.5-4.2) in @entity1 and 4.1 (95% CI = 3.0-5.5) in @entity1 , when comparing the highest with the lowest quartile of plasma @entity1904 . The multivariate-adjusted OR for @entity209 was 1.9 (95% CI = 1.4-2.6) in @entity1 and 2.3 (95% CI = 1.6-3.3) in @entity1 . The multivariate-adjusted OR for @entity2690 resistance was 3.3 (95% CI = 2.4-4.3) in @entity1 and 2.5 (95% CI = 1.9-3.4) in @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Elevated plasma @entity1904 levels in the normal range are associated with measures of @entity28 , @entity2690 resistance, and @entity209 in the general population.

title: Plasma @entity1904 is associated with XXXX , @entity2690 resistance, and the @entity209 .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity1904 :: ('MESH:C029100', 'Chemical') :: ['procalcitonin', 'Procalcitonin']

entities_list: @entity2348 :: ('MESH:D001424', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial infections']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['MS', 'metabolic syndrome']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obesity']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The population pharmacokinetics of @entity4509 , in neonates, was investigated using the nonlinear mixed effects model (NONMEM). METHODS: One hundred and six steady-state @entity4509 serum levels were obtained from 53 black neonates with a mean gestational age of 35.1 weeks and mean age at the start of treatment of 3.1 days. A one-compartment model was used to fit the data. RESULTS: The final models for clearance (CL) and volume of distribution (V) were: CL(l.h(-1)) = 0.031WT(1.45) x P and V(l) = 0.316WT(1.44) where @entity7097 = birth weight (kg) and P = 1.28 for @entity1 and 1.0 for @entity1 . Inclusion of other fixed effect parameters in the model did not significantly improve the fit of the data. The inter-individual variability for CL and V were 18% and 13%. respectively. Intra-individual variability was 29%. Mean (95% CI) values of CL, V and half-life were 0.048 (0.045, 0.051) l.h(-1).kg(-1), 0.434 (0.414, 0.453) l.kg(-1) and 6.4 (6.2, 6.6) h respectively. CONCLUSION: Birth weight was an important determinant of both CL and V and, in this data set, gender was also found to influence CL. Mean population pharmacokinetic values were within the range of those previously derived for other neonatal populations using traditional methods.

title: Determination of population pharmacokinetic parameters for XXXX in neonates using mixed-effect models.

entities_list: @entity4509 :: ('MESH:D000583', 'Chemical') :: ['amikacin']

answer: @entity4509 :: (MESH:D000583,Chemical) :: ['amikacin']


abstract: @entity2918 (PGs) are key regulatory factors that affect bone metabolism. @entity1421 ( @entity1421 ) regulates bone resorption and bone formation. Prostacyclin ( @entity4770 ) is one of the major products derived from @entity1426 by the action of cyclooxygenase and @entity24903 ( @entity24903 ). Unlike @entity1421 , there are few reports about the role of PGI(2) in bone regulation. Therefore, we investigated the potential effect of PGI(2) on bone metabolism. We used @entity24903 knockout ( @entity24903 (-/-)), @entity24903 heterozygous ( @entity24903 (+)(/-)), and wild-type @entity19 to investigate the role of PGI(2). Notably, @entity24903 (-/-) @entity19 gradually displayed an increase in trabecular bone mass in adolescence. Adult @entity24903 (-/-) @entity19 showed an increase in trabecular bone volume/tissue volume. Histomorphometric analysis showed that @entity24903 (-/-) @entity19 displayed @entity79 . Levels of serum @entity2450 and C-telopeptides were increased in adult @entity24903 (-/-) @entity19 . Furthermore, the increased bone mass patterns were rescued in @entity24903 (-)/(tg) @entity19 . In conclusion, adult @entity24903 (-/-) @entity19 displayed an overall increase in the levels of both bone formation and bone resorption parameters, which suggests that @entity1605 accelerates high bone turnover activity with a greater increase in bone mass in aging. These results indicated that PGI(2) may contribute to the maintenance of normal bone mass and micro-architecture in @entity19 in age-dependent manner. Our findings demonstrate for the first time that PGI(2) is involved in bone metabolism in vivo.

title: Increased bone mass in adult prostacyclin-deficient XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1605 :: ('OMIM:217000', 'Disease') :: ['PGI(2) deficiency']

entities_list: @entity1421 :: ('MESH:D015232', 'Chemical') :: ['PGE(2)', 'Prostaglandin E(2)']

entities_list: @entity1426 :: ('MESH:D016718', 'Chemical') :: ['arachidonic acid']

entities_list: @entity2918 :: ('MESH:D011453', 'Chemical') :: ['Prostaglandins']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['increases in both bone formation and bone resorption parameters']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: PURPOSE: to clarify the patterns of diagnosis and management of adult spermatic @entity602 . @entity1 AND METHODS: between 1996 and 2009, seven @entity1 with spermatic @entity602 were treated at Cochin hospital. After updating the pathological diagnosis according to the new classification of @entity242 we found that all @entity1 had well-differentiated or @entity1821 . We analysed their clinical presentation, management and carcinological outcome. RESULTS: the @entity1 ' age ranged from 51 to 77 years, and their follow-up from 7 to 68 months. In five @entity1 , the diagnosis of well-differentiated @entity1821 ( @entity362 -like) with some dedifferentiated sectors was made straightaway. In the two other @entity1 , the initial diagnosis was that of @entity1822 , which was reconsidered as @entity1821 according to the cytogenetical and immunohistochemical techniques available since 2005. In 6/7 @entity1 , a @entity5 resection with an orchiectomy at the same time (four @entity1 ) or secondarily (two @entity1 ) was performed. In one @entity1 , only a @entity5 resection, without orchiectomy, was made. Multiple recurrences were observed in the two @entity1 who were initially diagnosed as @entity1822 . They needed multiple reintervention. One of them died after 68 months of evolution, the other one was treated with chemotherapy and died after 47 months of evolution. Four @entity1 are out of recurrence. One @entity1 was lost to follow-up. CONCLUSION: the diagnosis of @entity1821 must be considered in all adult @entity1 aged of more than 50 with fatty-shaped or containing fibomuscular nodules paratesticular @entity5 . The surgeon and the pathologist must be well informed and an early and wide resection of fatty masses of the sperm cord with negative margins is advocated. The quality of resection is crucial but its appreciation and carrying out are difficult. The role of complementary treatments, especially radiotherapy, has to be determined.

title: [Spermatic XXXX in adults: diagnosis and management].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity602 :: ('MESH:D013118', 'Disease') :: ['cord sarcoma']

entities_list: @entity1822 :: ('MESH:D007890', 'Disease') :: ['leiomyosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity1821 :: ('MESH:D008080', 'Disease') :: ['liposarcoma', 'dedifferentiated liposarcoma']

answer: @entity602 :: (MESH:D013118,Disease) :: ['cord sarcoma']


abstract: Double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase ( @entity9657 ) is a interferon-induced protein initially known for its inhibitory effects on cellular and viral protein synthesis. In recent studies, @entity9657 has been shown to be an important @entity1 in a broad array of cellular processes, including signal transduction, differentiation, apoptosis, cell growth, and tumorigenesis. The expression of @entity9657 in normal @entity1 keratinocytes (NHEK) was examined, and its expression in several @entity272 was compared immunohistochemically with that of @entity1364 ( @entity1364 ). Expression of @entity9657 mRNA was detected in NHEK without IFNgamma treatment; the level of @entity9657 mRNA increased with IFNgamma treatment for two hours. Immunoblot analysis revealed that the monoclonal anti- @entity9657 antibody reacted specifically with a 68kDa @entity9657 protein in extracts from NHEK. Immunohistochemistry revealed that @entity9657 protein was expressed in normal epidermis and mucosa. @entity9657 expression was not restricted only to suprabasal cells but was also observed in basal cells positive for @entity1364 . In psoriatic plaques, @entity9657 expression was lower in basal and parabasal keratinocytes and comparable in suprabasal keratinocytes to the levels in normal skin. @entity9657 was partially detected in atypical cells in @entity3 but was completely absent from undifferentiated @entity5 cells of @entity957 . The present study demonstrated that @entity9657 protein is constitutively expressed in epidermal and epithelial keratinocytes of normal skin and mucosa and indicated that a loss of @entity9657 is not associated with the malignant transformation itself but with the increased cell proliferative activity and the altered differentiation of keratinocytes.

title: Expression of double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase in keratinocytes and keratinocytic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'participant']

entities_list: @entity1364 :: ('5111', 'Gene') :: ['proliferating cell nuclear antigen', 'PCNA']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['non-invasive keratinocytic neoplasia']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin lesions']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['neoplasia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Disease status, in terms of disease activity, disease progression and prognosis is difficult to define in @entity1691 ( @entity1691 ). No gold standard exists. Therefore, the Bath @entity1691 Activity Index (BASDAI), a self-administered instrument, has been developed as a new approach to defining disease activity in @entity1 with @entity1691 . METHODS: The index, designed by a multidisciplinary team with input from @entity1 , consists of six 10 cm horizontal visual analog scales to measure severity of @entity1295 , spinal and peripheral joint @entity158 , localized tenderness and @entity7127 (both qualitative and quantitative). The final BASDAI score has a range of 0 to 10. The index was distributed to a cross section of @entity1 , including inpatients receiving 3 weeks of intensive physiotherapy treatment and hospital outpatients. BASDAI was completed by a total of 154 @entity1 . Validation of the new instrument was achieved through analysis of user friendliness, reliability (consistency), score distribution and sensitivity to change. Comparisons were made with a previous @entity66 activity index (DAI) and the Newcastle Enthesis Index. RESULTS: The BASDAI was found by @entity1 to be quick and simple to complete (mean: 67 s). Test-retest reliability was good (r = 0.93; p < 0.001), as was the distribution of scores across the scale (score range: 0.5-10; mean: 4.31). BASDAI was sensitive to change, reflecting a 16% (mean) improvement in inpatient scores after 3 weeks of treatment. It is superior to the DAI in terms of construct and content validity and to the Enthesis Index in all aspects. CONCLUSION: In summary, BASDAI is user friendly, reliability, sensitive to change and reflects the entire spectrum of disease. It is a comprehensive self-administered instrument for assessing disease activity in @entity1691 .

title: A new approach to defining disease status in @entity1691 : the Bath XXXX Activity Index.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['Bath disease']

entities_list: @entity1691 :: ('MESH:D013167', 'Disease') :: ['Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease', 'ankylosing spondylitis', 'AS']

entities_list: @entity7127 :: ('MESH:D048968', 'Disease') :: ['morning stiffness']

answer: @entity1691 :: (MESH:D013167,Disease) :: ['Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6985 has dual antiangiogenic and immunomodulatory properties and confirmed antitumor activity in @entity1583 . A phase II study investigating the safety and efficacy of continuous @entity6985 in recurrent @entity43 @entity1 was initiated. @entity1 AND METHODS: @entity1 with histologically confirmed epithelial @entity43 , with asymptomatic recurrence 6 months after prior therapy were treated with continuous oral @entity6985 (20 mg/day). The primary end point was to evaluate efficacy according to the rate of disease control at 4 months. Secondary objectives were progression-free survival (PFS) and safety. RESULTS: Most of the 45 @entity1 enrolled and treated had serous histology (78%) and a single line of prior chemotherapy (73%). Median @entity902 -free interval (PFI) was 11.3 months (range 6.9-56.8). Clinical benefit at 4 months was 38% [95% confidence interval (CI) 23% to 53%]. A 59% disease control rate was reported in @entity1 with a PFI >12 months versus 24% with PFI of 6-12 months (P = 0.023). Four @entity1 had RECIST partial responses and 21 had stable disease. @entity10224 responses were reported in eight @entity1 , including one complete response. Median PFS was 3.4 months (95% CI 2.4-4.4). Most frequent @entity137 was hematologic, notably grade 3-4 @entity1398 in 29% of @entity1 , along with fatigue (69%), @entity344 (constipation 53%, @entity490 49%, @entity294 38%, @entity390 /vomiting 36%) and @entity715 (11%). Eight @entity1 withdrew due to related @entity137 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity6985 shows interesting efficacy in late recurrent @entity43 @entity1 . @entity137 was mainly hematologic, @entity49 . Future studies will evaluate combination of @entity6985 with chemotherapy agents. CLINICALTRIALSGOV: NCT01111903.

title: A phase II study of XXXX in @entity902 -sensitive recurrent @entity43 .

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cancer', 'ovarian, fallopian tube or primary peritoneal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'Toxicity']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal toxicity']

entities_list: @entity49 :: ('MESH:D019851', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal and venous thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity1583 :: ('MESH:D019337', 'Disease') :: ['hematologic malignancies']

entities_list: @entity6985 :: ('MESH:C467567', 'Chemical') :: ['Lenalidomide', 'lenalidomide']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['platinum']

answer: @entity6985 :: (MESH:C467567,Chemical) :: ['lenalidomide']