abstract: @entity189 ( @entity189 ), also known as @entity189 , is a rare and peculiar @entity5 that occurs mainly in the upper aero-digestive tract, mostly in larynx. SCC accounts for 3% of all @entity957 ( @entity957 ) in the head and neck region. It is a rare variant of SCC which shows spindled or @entity5 cells simulating a true @entity242 . We present a case report of @entity189 nasal cavity in a 50-year-old female @entity1 , presented with intermittent @entity1415 from left nasal cavity. On physical examination, the @entity1 had an ulcero-exophytic type of mass in the left nasal cavity and a smooth bulge on the left side of @entity2419 . @entity1 underwent excision of nasal mass along with partial palatectomy by @entity2419 with naso-labial flap. The postoperative histopathological report showed SCC. Surgery forms the mainstay of treatment. Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy is warranted in order to improve treatment results. As only few cases have been reported, we report a case of this rare entity to contribute for better understanding and awareness of this rare malignancy.

title: Spindle Cell XXXX - A Case Report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['biphasic malignant neoplasm', 'pleomorphic tumour']

entities_list: @entity1415 :: ('MESH:D004844', 'Disease') :: ['epistaxis']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['SCCs', 'squamous cell carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['Sarcomatoid Carcinoma', 'Spindle Cell Carcinoma', 'SpCC']

entities_list: @entity2419 :: ('MESH:D002972', 'Disease') :: ['anterior hard palate', 'facial degloving approach and reconstruction of palate']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Carcinoma of Nasal Cavity']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare data and associated diseases between @entity1 and @entity1 with @entity210 paired for age and duration of the disease. METHODS: Consecutive @entity1 from outpatient @entity210 clinics of 2 rheumatology departments were included in this case-control study. We identified 37 @entity1 with @entity210 diagnosis and paired them by age and duration of the disease with 37 @entity1 with @entity210 (American College of Rheumatology criteria). Variables were clinical data, associated diseases, and renal function evaluated by 3 methods: @entity1011 clearance, modification of diet in @entity8 , and Cockcroft-Gault. RESULTS: Mean (SD) age was 54.47 (15.13) years in @entity1 versus 53.52 (15.23) years in males, and mean (SD) age at onset 46.77 (16.63) years versus 45.62 (16.16) years in @entity1 and @entity1 , respectively. @entity101 was found in 26 (73%) of 37 @entity1 and in 27 (70%) of 37 @entity1 , previous diuretics was found in only 1 @entity1 , and no significant differences were found between @entity1 and @entity1 in @entity210 or associated @entity209 . Females had lower @entity1011 clearance than males did (49.8 [29.7] vs. 67.1 [35.5] mL/min, P = 0.039). But, when it was calculated by methods considering sex, there were no significant differences (Cockcroft-Gault 66.4 [37.6] vs. 78.8 [43.8] mL/min [P = 0.2] and modification of diet in @entity8 73.8 [64.6] vs. 73.1 [35.0] mL/min [P = 0.9], females vs. males, respectively). Thirteen @entity1 (35%) were premenopausal at onset, 2 had familial history of @entity210 , and 2 had history of @entity9279 ; other variables were not different from postmenopausal @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Factors previously associated to female @entity210 seem to be more related to age than to sex or to the disease itself. In our country, @entity1 with @entity210 (males and females) are younger at onset. Gender should be considered to evaluate renal function in females with @entity210 . One third of our female @entity1 with @entity210 were premenopausal and had unexpected higher frequency of @entity9279 ; no other differences with postmenopausal @entity1 were found.

title: Female XXXX : age and duration of the disease determine clinical presentation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'man', 'men']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal disease']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['Hypertension']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic diseases']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity9279 :: ('MESH:D020347', 'Disease') :: ['lithiasis']

answer: @entity210 :: (MESH:D006073,Disease) :: ['gout']


abstract: In an attempt to identify proteins involved in the translocation step of protein secretion, a genetic screen was carried out in the @entity375 @entity10057 . A conditional lethal mutant which has a defect in the 7S RNA of the signal recognition particle was mutagenized and screened for second-site mutations that specifically exacerbate its temperature sensitivity. This approach had previously allowed the characterization of an endoplasmic reticulum component, @entity35034 , involved in protein translocation. A second mutation, sls2-1, was isolated that causes synthetic lethality when combined with the 7S RNA mutation. On its own, the sls2-1 mutation confers a temperature-sensitive growth phenotype. The secretory phenotype of the sls2 mutant consists in abnormal secretion of several polypeptides, and thus differs from the defect in secretory protein synthesis associated with the 7S RNA and @entity35034 -1 mutations. Two new @entity10057 genes were identified which can relieve the growth defect of sls2-1 cells: SLS2 itself and @entity35035 , a multicopy suppressor of the temperature sensitivity of the sls2 mutant. The SLS2 gene encodes a polypeptide that can potentially be farnesylated and phosphorylated, and shares some homology with an @entity375 protein of unknown function. @entity35035 resembles calmodulin-dependent @entity563 / @entity1889 protein kinases. These two proteins may interact to regulate protein sorting.

title: A mutation in the secretion pathway of the @entity375 XXXX that displays synthetic lethality in combination with a mutation affecting the signal recognition particle.

entities_list: @entity563 :: ('CHEBI:17822', 'Chemical') :: ['serine']

entities_list: @entity1889 :: ('CHEBI:26986', 'Chemical') :: ['threonine']

entities_list: @entity375 :: ('4932', 'Species') :: ['yeast', 'S. cerevisiae']

entities_list: @entity10057 :: ('4952', 'Species') :: ['Yarrowia lipolytica', 'Y. lipolytica']

answer: @entity10057 :: (4952,Species) :: ['Yarrowia lipolytica']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To examine how the severity of @entity282 affects @entity1 's health-related quality of life (HRQoL) at 1  week following surgery and to compare two generic validated HRQoL instruments. METHODS: @entity1 undergoing general or orthopaedic surgery at the Royal London Hospital were randomly sampled. The following @entity1 outcome data were collected EQ-5D (EuroQoL) pre-operatively and the Revised American @entity158 Society @entity1 Outcome Questionnaire (APS-POQ-R) at 24  hours postoperation; and EQ-5D, Short-Form-12 (SF-12) and APS-POQ-R at 7  days postoperation. The degree of association between @entity158 and HRQoL was assessed using Pearson's correlation coefficient and multivariate generalized linear regression models. RESULTS: Of the 228 @entity1 included, 166 @entity1 provided data at 7  days. Sixteen percent reported severe @entity158 >=   50% of the day at 7  days. The severity of @entity158 on both the APS-POQ-R @entity158 severity and interference and affective impairment domains at 7  days was highly correlated with a decrease in HRQoL as assessed by the SF-12 Physical Component Score (PCS), SF-12 Mental Component Score (MCS), and EQ-5D scores (r  =  -0.34 to -0.61, P  <  0.0001). Multivariate regression analyses showed that irrespective of confounding factors (eg, age, gender, and pre-operative HRQoL) @entity1 with severe @entity282 experience important reductions in both physical and mental well-being domains of their HRQoL. CONCLUSIONS: A proportion of @entity1 continue to experience severe @entity158 at 7  days postoperatively, even after minor surgery. HRQoL is strongly associated with the level of @entity158 and provides additional data on the impact of @entity158 on @entity1 's function and well-being. Additional studies are needed to elucidate the interaction between @entity158 severity and HRQoL during the peri-operative period.

title: The impact of early XXXX on health-related quality of life.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative pain']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['Pain', 'pain', 'postsurgery pain']

answer: @entity282 :: (MESH:D010149,Disease) :: ['postoperative pain']


abstract: @entity4413 is an antagonist of the @entity5510 ( @entity5510 ), which is known to play an important role in the regulation of @entity158 and @entity32 . A selective and sensitive quantitative method for the determination of @entity4413 by HPLC-ESI/ @entity15 / @entity15 was developed. The method consisted of a protein precipitation extraction followed by analysis using liquid chromatography electrospray quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometry. The chromatographic separation was achieved using a 100   2   mm C(18) Waters Symmetry column combined with a gradient mobile phase composed of @entity1626 and 0.1% @entity5189 aqueous solution at a flow rate of 220     L/min. The mass spectrometer was operating in full-scan @entity15 / @entity15 mode using two-segment analysis. An analytical range of 10-5000   ng/mL was used in the calibration curve constructed in @entity35 plasma. The inter-batch precision and accuracy observed were 10.1, 6.4 and 6.1% and 100.8, 98.5 and 106.2% at 50, 500 and 5 000   ng/mL, respectively. An in vitro metabolic stability using @entity35 , @entity235 or @entity19 liver microsomes was performed to determine the intrinsic clearance of @entity4413 . The results suggest a very rapid degradation with T(1/2) ranging from 2.6 to 4.3   min and a high clearance, suggesting that drug bioavailability is considerably reduced following extravascular administrations, consequently affecting drug response. Three metabolites were identified by HPLC- @entity15 / @entity15 . S-hydroxylation (M + 16), oxidative desulfuration (M - 16) and desulfuration (M - 32) metabolites of @entity4413 were observed following exposure to @entity35 , @entity235 and @entity19 microsomes.

title: Characterization of in vitro metabolism of XXXX , a vanilloid transient receptor potential channel antagonist, by liquid chromatography quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometry.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity4413 :: ('MESH:C071423', 'Chemical') :: ['Capsazepine', 'capsazepine']

entities_list: @entity1626 :: ('MESH:C032159', 'Chemical') :: ['acetonitrile']

entities_list: @entity5510 :: ('83810(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['transient receptor potential channel vanilloid 1', 'TRPV1']

entities_list: @entity5189 :: ('MESH:C030544', 'Chemical') :: ['formic acid']

answer: @entity4413 :: (MESH:C071423,Chemical) :: ['capsazepine']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to evaluate right atrial (RA) phasic function in @entity101 @entity1 with different left ventricular (LV) geometric patterns by using two-dimensional (2DE) and three-dimensional (3DE) echocardiography. METHODS: This cross-sectional study involved 177 @entity101 @entity1 who underwent 2DE and 3DE examination. The updated criteria of LV geometry that included LV mass index, LV end-diastolic diameter, and relative wall thickness were applied. Using this classification, @entity1 were separated into six groups: normal geometry, concentric remodeling, eccentric nondilated @entity1184 ( @entity1184 ), concentric @entity1184 , dilated @entity1184 , and concentric-dilated @entity1184 . RESULTS: Two-dimensional echocardiography and 3DE RA volumes were significantly higher in concentric and dilated @entity1184 than in other LV geometric types. RA reservoir function, estimated by total 2DE and 3DE RA emptying fraction (EF), was decreased in subjects with dilated @entity1184 compared with normal geometric and concentric LV remodeling patterns. RA conduit function assessed with 2DE and 3DE RA passive EF, gradually reduced from normal LV geometry to dilated @entity1184 . RA pump function was increased in @entity1 with concentric and dilated @entity1184 than in subjects with normal LV geometry and concentric remodeling. 2DE strain analysis confirmed these findings about RA phasic function. @entity1184 and dilated @entity1184 were associated with @entity1283 and dysfunction irrespectively of main demographic and clinical parameters. CONCLUSION: Left ventricular geometric patterns have significant impact on RA phasic function in @entity101 @entity1 . Concentric and dilated @entity1184 patterns have the most prominent negative effect on RA morphological and functional remodeling.

title: Does Left Ventricular Geometric Patterns Impact Right Atrial Phasic Function? Findings from the XXXX Population.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1283 :: ('MESH:D006332', 'Disease') :: ['RA enlargement']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['LVH', 'LV hypertrophy', 'Concentric LVH']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['Hypertensive']


abstract: A number of studies have addressed the response to @entity460 antagonists, used alone or combined with other therapy, in @entity1 with silent @entity741 (SMI). @entity594 , the first @entity460 antagonist to be studied, was shown to be superior to pindolol in @entity1 with @entity951 . Although both @entity594 and @entity3988 significantly reduced episodes of ST @entity308 , compared with placebo, in @entity1 with stable @entity951 , the addition of @entity594 to @entity3988 removed the beneficial effect of @entity3988 in another study. Studies have shown a reduced incidence of @entity63 episodes during @entity3360 treatment in @entity1 with ambulatory @entity63 , predominantly SMI, and @entity1459 due to @entity3361 . Other workers similarly reported that @entity1855 was superior to both placebo and @entity1169 in reducing @entity158 and @entity63 in @entity1 with @entity951 at rest. It has been demonstrated that, compared with placebo, @entity594 reduced @entity63 episodes by 50% and also markedly reduced total @entity63 time in totally asymptomatic @entity1 with @entity453 and SMI. It was suggested that the well-documented increase in SMI occurring between 0600 and 1200 h was reduced, but not eliminated, by @entity594 . @entity3988 may also attenuate the circadian variation in SMI. @entity594 has been shown to be particularly effective in SMI when combined with a beta-blocker. This has been substantiated in a large group of @entity1 ; both drugs reduced the number of episodes of SMI when used as monotherapy, and the combination decreased the incidence by 95%. These findings collectively indicate that @entity460 antagonists are effective in reducing or preventing SMI.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Clinical effects of @entity460 antagonists in silent XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1169 :: ('MESH:D011433', 'Chemical') :: ['propranolol']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['painless ischemia', 'ischemia', 'ischemic']

entities_list: @entity1855 :: ('MESH:D014700', 'Chemical') :: ['verapamil']

entities_list: @entity594 :: ('MESH:D009543', 'Chemical') :: ['nifedipine', 'Nifedipine']

entities_list: @entity3361 :: ('MESH:D003329', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery spasm']

entities_list: @entity3360 :: ('MESH:D009529', 'Chemical') :: ['nicardipine']

entities_list: @entity3988 :: ('MESH:D004110', 'Chemical') :: ['diltiazem', 'Diltiazem']

entities_list: @entity1459 :: ('MESH:D000789', 'Disease') :: ['rest angina']

entities_list: @entity951 :: ('MESH:D000787', 'Disease') :: ['effort angina', 'angina']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial ischemia']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['ischemia']


abstract: Up to one million @entity1 suffer from @entity4537 in the US. Little is known of the mechanisms leading to tissue breakdown, although inadequate circulation and @entity63 are common elements in most dermal @entity1066 . Collagen is the principal source of mechanical strength in most tissues, and its molecular and fibrillar stability is dependent on adequate @entity26 supply. In wound repair, localized @entity63 leads to fibrogenic responses culminating in elevated collagen synthesis and remodeling. This study examines factors influencing collagen turnover and stabilization before @entity1066 in "at risk" @entity1 . Severely @entity63 but uninjured @entity63 skin (IS) was compared with @entity1 - and site-matched non- @entity63 skin. Biochemical mechanisms of tissue repair were activated in IS, with increased @entity880 , @entity2533 , @entity7 , collagen synthesis and @entity5114 . The absence of @entity1495 and inflammatory cells confirmed that this upregulation was inappropriate and not in response to injury. Molecular stability of collagen was reduced in IS, and there was increased susceptibility to enzymic degradation. In conclusion, chronic @entity63 and long-term @entity519 result in elevated collagen remodeling in an @entity26 -poor environment. Unstable collagen molecules are synthesized together with upregulated MMPs, resulting in collagen denaturation, defective angiogenesis, weaker skin, and predisposition to @entity1066 .

title: Mechanisms of chronic skin @entity1066 linking @entity880 , XXXX , @entity7 , collagen remodeling, collagen stability, and defective angiogenesis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'people']

entities_list: @entity5114 :: ('4312;4313', 'Gene') :: ['matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)-1 and 2']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia', 'ischemic']

entities_list: @entity7 :: ('7422', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulceration', 'ulcers']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity2533 :: ('7040', 'Gene') :: ['transforming growth factor-beta']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity4537 :: ('MESH:D012883', 'Disease') :: ['chronic skin ulcers']

answer: @entity2533 :: (7040,Gene) :: ['transforming growth factor-beta']


abstract: AIM: To analyze the relationship of clinical variables related to prognosis and @entity5 burden, with metabolic variables obtained in the staging @entity8984 -FDG PET/CT, and their value in the prognosis in @entity706 ( @entity706 ). METHODS: 82 @entity1 with @entity706 , a @entity8984 -FDG PET/CT at diagnosis and a follow-up for a minimum of 12 months, were retrospectively enrolled in the present study. Clinical variables ( @entity5 grade, @entity706 International Prognostic Index (FLIPI) and @entity5 burden) were evaluated. Metabolic variables such as SUVmax in the highest @entity75 , extralymphatic locations, number of involved lymph node locations, bone marrow (BM) involvement, PET stage and diameter of the biggest @entity75 , were analyzed in order to establish a PET score and classify the studies in low, intermediate and high metabolic risk. Clinical and metabolic variables (included metabolic risk) were compared. The relation among all variables and disease-free survival (DFS) was studied. RESULTS: The 28% of @entity1 had a high-grade @entity5 . The 30.5% had FLIPI risk low, 29.3% intermediate y 40.2% high. The 42.7% presented a high @entity5 burden. The PET/CT was positive in 94% of @entity1 . The @entity5 grade did not show significant relation with metabolic variable. FLIPI risk and @entity5 burden showed statistical relations with the SUV max and the PET score (p<0.008 and p=0.003 respectively). With respect to DFS, significant differences were detected for the PET stage and FLIPI risk (p=0.015 and p=0.047 respectively). FLIPI risk was the only significant predictor in Cox regression analysis, with a Hazard Ratio of 5.13 between high risk and low risk. CONCLUSION: The present research highlights the significant relation between metabolic variables obtained with FDG PET/CT and clinical variables although their goal as an independent factor of prognosis was not demonstrated in the present work.

title: Basal @entity8984 -FDG PET/CT in XXXX : A comparison of metabolic and clinical variables in the prognostic assessment.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['FL', 'Follicular Lymphoma', 'follicular lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['hypermetabolic lesion']

answer: @entity706 :: (MESH:D008223,Disease) :: ['follicular lymphoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The prognostic impact of early stages of histologically confirmed @entity5881 is uncertain. Our aim was to determine the risk of @entity82 and @entity204 , and identify prognostic markers, in @entity1 with biopsy-proven @entity7936 - and to compare prognosis in @entity1 with @entity7936 and the general population. MATERIAL AND METHODS: @entity1 with biopsy-proven @entity7936 diagnosed during 1976-1987 were identified. Data were collected from medical records, the Danish National @entity1 Registry and the Registry of Causes of @entity204 . All biopsies were re-examined and morphological findings assessed. A reference cohort matched for age and gender was created. Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for age and gender were used to analyse differences in mortality and @entity82 development, as well as the prognostic impact of histological and biochemical parameters. RESULTS: Two hundred and twenty-five @entity1 with @entity1560 and 111 with @entity1560 were followed for median 13 and 9.7 years, respectively. There was a significantly higher risk of developing @entity82 amongst @entity1 with @entity1560 compared to both @entity1 with @entity1560 (p   <   0.001) and the reference cohort (p   <   0.001). Mortality was significantly higher in @entity1 with @entity1560 compared to @entity1 with @entity1560 (p   =   0.046) and the general population (p   <   0.001). No histological or biochemical parameters with prognostic significance for mortality were identified. CONCLUSION: Presence of @entity1560 indicates an increased risk of @entity82 and @entity204 . However, none of the histological parameters defining @entity1560 can independently identify @entity1 at risk for @entity204 .

title: Presence of @entity7936 , but no selective histological feature, indicates an increased risk of @entity82 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity5881 :: ('MESH:D008108', 'Disease') :: ['alcoholic liver disease']

entities_list: @entity1560 :: ('MESH:D005234', 'Disease') :: ['steatohepatitis', 'fatty liver']

entities_list: @entity7936 :: ('MESH:D005235', 'Disease') :: ['alcoholic steatohepatitis', 'alcoholic pure fatty liver', 'alcoholic fatty liver disease']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['Death', 'premature death']

answer: @entity204 :: (MESH:D003643,Disease) :: ['premature death']


abstract: The present study analyzed @entity1641   -light chain genes (IGLV and IGLC) transcribed in the @entity1641 breeds Rhenish-German Coldblood (RGC) and Hanoverian Warmblood (HW). Primers were generated for the major expressed IGLV subgroup 8. The significant majority of the sequences represented @entity27690 . In RGC, @entity27691 and IGLC5 were observed in significant higher frequencies than IGLC4. In HW, significant differences were obtained for the transcription of @entity27691 and IGLC5. IGLC4 was not determined in this breed. Five allotypic @entity27691 variants, four allotypic IGLC5 variants, and three allelic as well as two allotypic @entity27690 variants were identified. @entity27691 (b, d), IGLC5(c, d), and @entity27690 (a3, b) were detected in RGC while @entity27691 (c) and IGLC5(b) were solely found in HW. Furthermore, 11 out of 144 known IGLV-segments were transcribed of which IGLV15 and IGLV17 were preferred significantly. IGLV25 displayed significant differences in the rearrangement between both breeds. The classified pseudogenes IGLV101   and IGLV74   were also identified. Rearrangements with IGLC-genes showed significant differences for IGLV15 in both breeds, whereas IGLV25 also revealed significant differences between the breeds. The transcriptional orientation of the functional segments has no influence on the occurrence of the IGLV.

title: Transcriptional analysis of @entity1641   -light chains in the XXXX breeds Rhenish-German Coldblood and Hanoverian Warmblood.

answer: @entity1641 :: (9796,Species) :: ['horse']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The use of prophylactic radiotherapy to prevent procedure-tract metastases (PTMs) in @entity3620 remains controversial, and clinical practice varies worldwide. We aimed to compare prophylactic radiotherapy with deferred radiotherapy (given only when a PTM developed) in a suitably powered trial. METHODS: We did a multicentre, open-label, phase 3, randomised controlled trial in 22 UK hospitals of @entity1 with histocytologically proven @entity2615 who had undergone large-bore pleural interventions in the 35 days prior to recruitment. Eligible @entity1 were randomised (1:1), using a computer-generated sequence, to receive immediate radiotherapy (21 Gy in three fractions within 42 days of the pleural intervention) or deferred radiotherapy (same dose given within 35 days of PTM diagnosis). Randomisation was minimised by histological subtype, surgical versus non-surgical procedure, and @entity456 (indwelling pleural catheter vs other). The primary outcome was the incidence of PTM within 7 cm of the site of pleural intervention within 12 months from randomisation, assessed in the intention-to-treat population. This trial is registered with ISRCTN, number ISRCTN72767336. FINDINGS: Between Dec 23, 2011, and Aug 4, 2014, we randomised 203 @entity1 to receive immediate radiotherapy (n=102) or deferred radiotherapy (n=101). The @entity1 were well matched at baseline. No significant difference was seen in PTM incidence in the immediate and deferred radiotherapy groups (nine [9%] vs 16 [16%]; odds ratio 0  51 [95% CI 0  19-1  32]; p=0  14). The only serious adverse event related to a PTM or radiotherapy was development of a painful PTM within the radiotherapy field that required hospital admission for symptom control in one @entity1 who received immediate radiotherapy. Common adverse events of immediate radiotherapy were @entity137 (grade 1 in 50 [54%] and grade 2 in four [4%] of 92 @entity1 vs grade 1 in three [60%] and grade 2 in two [40%] of five @entity1 in the deferred radiotherapy group who received radiotherapy for a PTM) and tiredness or @entity7621 (36 [39%] in the immediate radiotherapy group vs two [40%] in the deferred radiotherapy group) within 3 months of receiving radiotherapy. INTERPRETATION: Routine use of prophylactic radiotherapy in all @entity1 with @entity2615 after large-bore thoracic interventions is not justified. FUNDING: Research for @entity1 Benefit Programme from the UK National Institute for Health Research.

title: Prophylactic radiotherapy for the prevention of procedure-tract metastases after surgical and large-bore pleural procedures in XXXX (SMART): a multicentre, open-label, phase 3, randomised controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['skin toxicity']

entities_list: @entity2615 :: ('MESH:D008654', 'Disease') :: ['mesothelioma']

entities_list: @entity3620 :: ('MESH:C562839', 'Disease') :: ['malignant pleural mesothelioma']

entities_list: @entity456 :: ('MESH:D010995', 'Disease') :: ['pleural procedure']

answer: @entity3620 :: (MESH:C562839,Disease) :: ['malignant pleural mesothelioma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity3884 / @entity6189 exchange coupled with mass spectrometry (HDX- @entity15 ) is an information rich biophysical method for the characterization of protein dynamics. Successful applications of differential HDX- @entity15 include the characterization of protein-ligand binding. A single differential HDX- @entity15 dataset (protein +/- ligand) is often comprised of more than forty individual HDX- @entity15 experiments. In order to eliminate laborious manual processing of samples, and to minimize random and gross errors, automated systems for HDX- @entity15 analysis have become routine in many laboratories. However, an automated system, while less prone to random errors introduced by @entity1 operators, may have systematic errors that go unnoticed without proper detection. Although the application of automated (and manual) HDX- @entity15 has become common, there are only a handful of studies reporting the systematic evaluation of the performance of HDX- @entity15 experiments and no reports have been published describing a cross-site comparison of HDX- @entity15 experiments. Here we describe an automated HDX- @entity15 platform that operates with a parallel, two-trap, two-column configuration that has been installed in two remote laboratories. In order to understand the performance of the system both within and between laboratories, we have designed and completed a test-retest repeatability study for differential HDX- @entity15 experiments implemented at each of two laboratories, one in Florida and the other in Spain. This study provided sufficient data to do both within- and between-laboratory variability assessments. Initial results revealed a systematic run order effect within one of the two systems. Therefore, the study was repeated and this time the conclusion was that the experimental conditions were successfully replicated with minimal systematic error.

title: A Two-Site Evaluation of the Repeatability and Precision of an Automated Dual-Column @entity3884 / XXXX Exchange Mass Spectrometry Platform.

entities_list: @entity3884 :: ('MESH:D006859', 'Chemical') :: ['Hydrogen']

entities_list: @entity6189 :: ('MESH:D003903', 'Chemical') :: ['deuterium']

answer: @entity6189 :: (MESH:D003903,Chemical) :: ['Deuterium']


abstract: In a prospective clinical study we examined the diagnostic procedures used in the preoperative diagnosis of @entity14 @entity1 (n = 176) and the value of supplementation of standard diagnostic methods (clinical investigation, colonoscopy, barium enema, ultrasound, computer tomography) with a test for occult fecal blood (FOBT) and an expanded @entity5 marker panel (CA 19-9, TPS and CA 72-4 in addition to @entity787 ) in the postoperative follow-up (n = 116, mean follow-up 21 months). Preoperative diagnosis based on colonoscopy/barium enema, followed by histology and the imaging methods, in most cases US and/or CT. @entity1 with postoperative stage Dukes D and after palliative surgery were excluded from the follow-up study (n = 43). The @entity1 were seen every three months (clinical investigation, US, CT, @entity5 markers, FOBT) within the first two postoperative years and every half a year thereafter. 83 of the 116 @entity1 (16%) developed a recurrent disease and 5 of them could be reoperated with curative intention. In addition to the 19 @entity1 14 simultaneously admitted @entity1 with recurrence of @entity14 (total n = 33) were studied. The results of our study analyzing the sensitivity and specificity of colonoscopy, @entity5 , markers and the FOBT in the preoperative and postoperative phases as well as in the diagnosis of recurrent disease of @entity14 confirms the view that FOBT and @entity5 markers cannot replace endoscopic and imaging methods. However they support the concept, that diagnosis and follow-up of @entity14 should be based on a combination of clinical investigation and imaging methods (US, CT etc. and endoscopic and/or x-ray examination) with supplementation by FOBT and determination of @entity5 markers, mainly @entity787 . In the case a @entity1 is asking for prognostic and recurrence information as early and as valid as possible we currently recommend the following procedure for the first two years after surgery: every three months the determination of @entity5 markers, FOBT as well as ultrasound of the upper abdomen and CT of the lower abdomen and every half year a total colonoscopy. The question of whether this program will also have a therapeutical relevance depends on several factors like the personal experience and concepts of the consulting surgeons and oncologists and also on the tasks and duties which are considered worthy by the @entity1 for his further life if confronted with the diagnosis of recurrent @entity14 .

title: XXXX , TPS, CA 19-9 and CA 72-4 and the fecal occult blood test in the preoperative diagnosis and follow-up after resective surgery of @entity14 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity787 :: (1084,Gene) :: ['CEA']


abstract: @entity565 is a disease characterized by chronic airway inflammation, and Th2 cells play a critical role in initiating and sustaining @entity32 . It has been shown that @entity1759 expressed on @entity404 (+) T cells plays a critical role in the accumulation of antigen-specific Th2 cells in the development of airway hyperresponsiveness induced by antigen challenge in the airways. The aim of this study was to determine whether there are specific @entity1759 variant isoforms (CD44v) expressed on lymphocytes from @entity748 @entity1 . We collected whole blood samples from 103 normal subjects, 165 subjects with @entity565 and 104 with @entity55 . Peripheral blood lymphocyte isolation was performed, and total RNA was extracted from the isolated lymphocytes, using nested PCR for specific @entity1759 v amplification on lymphocytes. Demographic variables were analyzed using linear regression in order to determine whether the expression of CD44v was correlated with these demographic features. The nested PCR results revealed that CD44v5 was expressed by 55.2% of @entity565 @entity1 , which was significantly higher than levels of expression in the other groups. Lower percentages of individuals in the normal subject group exhibited expression of CD44v5 and CD44v6. The data demonstrated that the percentage of individuals in the @entity55 group expressing CD44v5 was 29.0%, but a higher percentage of these @entity1 expressed CD44v6. CD44v5 expression was positively correlated with IgE levels (p=0.032) in the @entity748 @entity1 group, and CD44v6 was significantly positively correlated with the neutrophil count (p<0.05). CD44v5 was expressed by a higher proportion of @entity748 @entity1 than other subjects and thus may play an important role in the pathogenesis of @entity565 . These findings may offer a new target for the diagnosis and treatment of @entity565 and may also provide insights into the mechanisms of @entity565 development.

title: @entity1759 variant isoforms are specifically expressed on peripheral blood lymphocytes from XXXX @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity748 :: ('MESH:D013224', 'Disease') :: ['asthmatic']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['asthmatic inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity565 :: ('MESH:D001249', 'Disease') :: ['asthma', 'Asthma']

answer: @entity748 :: (MESH:D013224,Disease) :: ['asthmatic']


abstract: CONTEXT: Chronic exposure to ambient particulate matter pollution during childhood is associated with @entity6314 growth and increased prevalence of reported respiratory symptoms. The role of airway epithelium-derived factors has not been well determined. OBJECTIVE: To determine if urban particulate matter (UPM) stimulates production of @entity7 ( @entity7 ) and @entity6474 ( @entity6474 ), and gene expression of @entity5089 ( @entity5089 ) and interleukin-(IL)-8 by primary airway epithelial cells (AECs) obtained from carefully phenotyped healthy and atopic @entity748 school-aged @entity1 . METHODS: Primary AECs from 9 healthy and 14 @entity748 @entity1 were differentiated in air--liquid interface (ALI) culture. The apical surface was exposed to UPM suspension or @entity1391 buffered saline (PBS) vehicle control for 96   h. @entity7 and @entity6474 concentrations in cell media at baseline, 48 and 96   h were measured via ELISA. @entity5089 and @entity687 expression by AECs at 96   h was measured via quantitative polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: Baseline concentrations of @entity7 , but not @entity6474 , were significantly higher in @entity748 versus healthy cultures. UPM stimulated production of @entity7 , but not @entity6474 , at 48 and 96   h; the magnitude of change was comparable across groups. At 96   h there was greater @entity5089 and @entity687 expression by UPM exposed compared to PBS exposed AECs. CONCLUSIONS: Induction of the pro-remodeling cytokine @entity7 may be a potential mechanism by which UPM influences lung function growth in @entity1 irrespective of @entity565 status. Respiratory morbidity associated with UPM exposure in @entity1 may be related to increased expression of @entity5089 and @entity687 .

title: Urban particulate matter induces pro-remodeling factors by airway epithelial cells from healthy and @entity748 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity6314 :: ('MESH:D006315', 'Disease') :: ['decreased lung function']

entities_list: @entity7 :: ('7422', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor', 'VEGF']

entities_list: @entity1391 :: ('CHEBI:26020', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphate']

entities_list: @entity6474 :: ('7042', 'Gene') :: ['transforming growth factor-b2', 'TGF-b2']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To find out whether @entity5 DNA content correlates with allelic loss of @entity876 and other pathological features in primary @entity14 . DESIGN: Ongoing prospective study. SETTING: University hospital, Italy. SUBJECTS: 128 @entity1 who had undergone radical resections for @entity14 . INTERVENTIONS: Flow cytometric measurement of @entity5 DNA content and detection of allelic loss on the short arm of chromosome 17 by Southern blot (restriction fragment length polymorphism) analysis in fresh @entity5 specimens. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Correlation between DNA ploidy and deletion of @entity876 , as well as between these two genetic events and clinicopathological variables. RESULTS: Interpretable DNA histograms were obtained for 122 @entity5 specimens. Forty-three @entity5 (35%) were diploid and 79 (65%) aneuploid. The @entity5 were significantly more common in the proximal colon (from the caecum to the @entity4558 ) than in the distal colon (from the descending colon to the rectum) (p = 0.002). The allelic state on the short arm of chromosome 17 was evaluated in 80 heterozygous @entity1 . Forty-four @entity5 specimens (55%) showed deletion of 17p. Allelic loss of @entity876 was significantly more common in the @entity5 than in the proximal ones (p < 0.0001). @entity2007 was more common among those @entity5 which had shown deletion of @entity876 than in those that had not (p = 0.0008). CONCLUSIONS: DNA aneuploidy was significantly associated with the deletion of the @entity876 gene. This suggests that the functional loss of @entity876 may favour the growth and establishment of an aneuploid cell population within @entity5 . @entity5 of the proximal and distal colon differ in their genetic nature.

title: Correlation between DNA content and XXXX deletion in @entity14 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2007 :: ('MESH:D000782', 'Disease') :: ['Aneuploidy']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Tumours', 'diploid tumours', 'distal and rectal tumours', 'tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity4558 :: ('MESH:D013158', 'Disease') :: ['splenic flexure']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal carcinoma', 'colorectal carcinomas']

answer: @entity876 :: (7157,Gene) :: ['p53']


abstract: In comparison with our earlier colleagues quoted in the introduction, we have made substantial progress in understanding the biology of @entity5 . While we have refined various categories with prognostic clinical value regarding possible associated @entity262 , none is foolproof and all have varying degrees of unpredictability. Comparatively well-differentiated histologic subtypes predominate among @entity5 . @entity75 occur less than half as often as monoclonal B-cell lesions. Molecular genetic studies have revealed small clones of monoclonal populations among the B-cells comprising most of the immunophenotypically polyclonal lesions, but no clonal genetic rearrangements have been uncovered within the preponderant constituent T-cell populations. The overall prognosis for @entity5 is excellent; when lumped together, 67% are not found to be associated with @entity262 with mean follow-ups of over 4 years. This is similar to experience with extranodal and extralymphatic lesions in other sites of the body, which also frequently have a small lymphocyte composition. The incidence of @entity66 in all categories of our studies, however, will probably increase with the acquisition of longer follow-ups. Careful histopathologic evaluation is as good as immunophenotypic analysis of these lesions in predicting clinical outcome in terms of associated @entity66 . Polyclonal and well-differentiated B-cell monoclonal lesions displayed equivalent clinical behavior. Benign polyclonal lesions may be associated with @entity262 but in a minority of cases (27%), as has also been determined in earlier studies. Clinical staging is the single most important predictor of associated monocular disease. In this study, @entity1 with stage I-E disease had an 87% chance of not developing any nonocular @entity75 . We believe that this figure may also somewhat decrease with the passage of time. Precise anatomic localization of the lesion within the adnexa had considerable predictive value. Lesions of the conjunctiva fared the best; those of the orbit had an intermediate prognosis; while lid lesions had the worst prognosis. The most favorable prognosis would be held by a conjunctival lymphoid lesion in stage I-E composed of small lymphocytes. The fact that there is a fairly close equivalence in outcome between polyclonal and monoclonal well-differentiated lesions indicates that these lesions are in the vast majority of cases @entity1373 or @entity706 . The discovery by genetic probes of small monoclonal populations in immunophenotypically polyclonal lesions suggests that there is an evolution that goes on in situ.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: An overview of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['nonocular disease']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['primary lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['ocular adnexal lymphoid tumors']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['Polyclonal lesions', 'lymphomatous lesion']

entities_list: @entity1373 :: ('MESH:D006965', 'Disease') :: ['primary hyperplasias']

entities_list: @entity262 :: ('MESH:D034721', 'Disease') :: ['systemic disease']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['ocular adnexal lymphoid tumors']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity3136 is recognised as one of the most debilitating complications of high-dose cytostatic chemotherapy used to prepare for haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), but very little is known about oesophageal mucositis, as endoscopy is not routinely performed. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We incorporate the computed tomography (CT) scan in the diagnostic workup of @entity221 during @entity1398 to detect evidence of @entity358 . This allowed us to evaluate whether @entity3137 to the oesophagus can be determined. We selected 46 @entity1 without @entity5 or immune suppression (controls), who had a normal oesophagus, and measured the mucosal thickness at the upper part (UP), @entity2172 ( @entity2172 ) and lower part (LP) of the oesophagus. Next, we selected 30 @entity1 having a CT scan done for diagnostic purposes within 14 days after HSCT and measured mucosal thickness at the same levels. We also scored @entity3136 and gut @entity137 . RESULTS: The mucosal thickness of the UP, @entity2172 and LP, respectively, for the controls (mean +/- SD) was 4.1 mm (+/-1.1), 4.2 mm (+/-1.2) and 4.8 mm (+/-1.3), and the corresponding values for the subjects were 5.9 mm (+/-2.2), 5.9 mm (+/-2.0) and 7.7 mm (+/-3.0). Analysis of variance showed statistically significant differences between subjects and controls at all oesophageal levels. All @entity1 suffered from severe @entity3136 at the time. CONCLUSION: Hence, @entity3137 to the oesophagus can be objectively measured using CT scan.

title: Determining XXXX to the oesophagus using CT scan.

entities_list: @entity2172 :: ('MESH:D010033', 'Disease') :: ['MP', 'middle part']

entities_list: @entity3136 :: ('MESH:D013280', 'Disease') :: ['oral mucositis', 'Oral mucositis']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['oesophageal cancer']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary complications']

entities_list: @entity3137 :: ('MESH:D009059', 'Disease') :: ['mucosal barrier injury']

answer: @entity3137 :: (MESH:D009059,Disease) :: ['mucosal barrier injury']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Age, Injury severity score (ISS), @entity4854 ( @entity4854 ) at admission, and morbid @entity28 are known risk factors of poor outcome in @entity130 @entity1 . Our aim was to which risk factors had the highest risk of @entity204 in the critically ill @entity130 @entity1 . METHODS: A Trauma Registry of the American College of Surgeons database retrospective study was performed at our Level I @entity130 center from January 2000 to October 2004. Inclusion criteria were age >15 years and >or=3 days hospital stay. Data collected included age, gender, and ISS. Groups were divided into nonobese and morbidly @entity28 (MO) (body mass index, BMI >or=40 kg/m2) and into @entity4854 (mean >or=150 mg/dL on initial hospital day) and non- @entity4854 . Primary outcome was 30-day mortality. Differences in mortality and demographic variables between groups were compared using Fisher's exact and Wilcoxon's rank sum tests. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression was used to assess the relationship of @entity4854 , morbid @entity28 , age, and injury severity to risk of @entity204 . Relationships were assessed using odds ratios (OR) and area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUC). RESULTS: A total of 1,334 @entity1 met study criteria and 70.5% were male. Demographic means were age 40.3, ISS 25.7, length of stay 13.4, and BMI 27.5. The most common mechanism of injury was motor vehicle collision 55.1%. Overall mortality was 4.7%. Mortality was higher in @entity4854 versus non- @entity4854 (8.7% vs. 3.5%; p < 0.001). Mortality was higher in MO versus nonobese, but not significantly (7.8 vs. 4.6%; not significant [NS] p = 0.222). Univariate logistic regression relationships of @entity204 to age OR: 1.031, p < 0.001, AUC +/- SE: 0.639 +/- 0.042; ISS OR: 1.044, p < 0.001, AUC +/- SE: 0.649 +/- 0.039; @entity4854 OR: 2.765, p < 0.001; MO: OR: NS, p = NS, AUC +/- SE: NS. Relationships were similar in a combined multivariate model. CONCLUSION: @entity4854 >150 mg/dL on the day of admission is associated with twofold increase in mortality, and an outcome measure should be followed. @entity5845 (BMI >or=40) is not an independent risk factor for mortality in the critically ill @entity130 @entity1 .

title: XXXX is not a risk factor for mortality in critically ill @entity130 @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obese', 'obesity']

entities_list: @entity5845 :: ('MESH:D009767', 'Disease') :: ['Morbid obesity']

entities_list: @entity4854 :: ('MESH:D006943', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemia', 'HGL']

answer: @entity5845 :: (MESH:D009767,Disease) :: ['Morbid obesity']


abstract: The features and prognostic factors of 67 cases of @entity2826 ( @entity2826 ) associated to the @entity791 ( @entity791 ) diagnosed at the Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, are analyzed. All the @entity1 were male; mean age was 39.7 years, ranging from 22 and 62 years. 64 were homosexuals (95.5%), two were @entity734 (3%) and one was drug addict (1.5%). Prevalence of @entity2025 were 91.1% and 89.5% respectively. In 42 cases (62.7%) @entity2826 was the initial @entity791 presentation. The most common localization was the skin (89.5%), followed by the digestive tract (52.2%) and the lymph nodes (22.4%). Staging distribution was: 20 @entity1 (29.8%) were in stage I, 11 @entity1 (16.4%) in stage II, 7 @entity1 (10.4%) in stage III, and 29 @entity1 (43.2%) in stage IV. Constitutional symptoms associated to @entity2826 were found in 37 @entity1 (55%). Overall 39 @entity1 have already died, and the actuarial survival possibility of these 67 cases was 55% after 12 months. Univariant statistical analysis showed the presence of six variables with prognostic significance (p less than 0.05): staging, symptomatology, total white blood count, total lymphocyte count, T helper lymphocyte count and hemoglobin. Multivariant statistical analysis only chose the staging and symptomatology variables as independent (p less than 0.01 and p less than 0.001, respectively).

title: [ @entity2826 associated with the XXXX . An analysis of 67 cases with a study of the prognostic factors].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2826 :: ('MESH:D012514', 'Disease') :: ["Kaposi's sarcoma", 'KS']

entities_list: @entity2025 :: ('MESH:D020031', 'Disease') :: ['cytomegalovirus and herpes virus infections']

entities_list: @entity791 :: ('MESH:D000163', 'Disease') :: ['acquired immunodeficiency syndrome', 'AIDS']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['homosexual-drug addicts']

answer: @entity791 :: (MESH:D000163,Disease) :: ['acquired immunodeficiency syndrome']


abstract: Twenty-three @entity5434 underwent 360-degree disinsertion and retrodisplacement of the ciliary muscle in one eye. Ten to 12 weeks after unilateral disinsertion, resting @entity735 was more hyperopic than in the opposite eyes by 1.12 +/- 0.21 (mean +/- S.E.M.) diopters (p less than 0.001). Accomodative responses to intramuscular @entity2134 (2 or 3 mg/kg) were 0.90 +/- 0.14 (mean +/- S.E.M.) diopters in the disinserted eyes and 13.88 +/- 0.79 diopters in the opposite eyes. The induced @entity3467 and @entity393 in the disinserted eyes seemed permanent, persisting for at least 14 months in one monkey and 29 months in three monkeys tested periodically after disinsertion. By light microscopy, the ciliary muscle in the disinserted eyes appeared normal and was contracted by @entity2134 . Scanning electron microscopy of the accommodative apparatus revealed retrodisplacement of the ciliary muscle, ciliary processes, and zonular plexus in the disinserted eyes. Structural alterations in the zonular apparatus seemed insufficient to account for the physiological findings. @entity3467 and @entity393 following ciliary muscle retrodisplacement are consistent with a new theory of zonular action during accommodation.

title: XXXX and @entity393 following ciliary muscle disinsertion in the @entity5434 : physiologic and scanning electron microscopic studies.

entities_list: @entity3467 :: ('MESH:D006956', 'Disease') :: ['hyperopia', 'Hyperopia']

entities_list: @entity5434 :: ('9541', 'Species') :: ['cynomolgus monkeys']

entities_list: @entity2134 :: ('MESH:D010862', 'Chemical') :: ['pilocarpine']

entities_list: @entity735 :: ('MESH:D005124', 'Disease') :: ['refraction in the "disinserted" eyes']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['loss of accommodation']

answer: @entity3467 :: (MESH:D006956,Disease) :: ['Hyperopia']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The apparent diffusion coefficient ( @entity16151 ) derived from diffusion-weighted (DWI) MRI has been used to differentiate reversible from irreversible @entity63 . However, the @entity16151 can be falsely elevated by partial volume averaging of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) with parenchyma, limiting the accuracy of this approach. This study tested the hypothesis that the accuracy of differentiating reversible from irreversible @entity63 could be improved by CSF suppression at image acquisition. METHODS: Sixteen @entity1 presenting within 6 hours from symptoms, and having partial reversal of the acute lesion on DWI were studied using conventional CSF-suppressed DWI. Lesions were segmented from coregistered acute DWI and follow-up fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) series. The segmented volumes were applied to conventional ( @entity16151 (C)) and CSF-suppressed @entity16151 ( @entity16151 ) maps to classify each voxel as progressed to @entity1188 or reversed. Individual voxel @entity16151 values were pooled across all @entity1 . Sensitivity to predict reversal, specificity, and accuracy were calculated for both methods. RESULTS: A total of 25 313 voxels were classified as progressed and 31 952 voxels reversed. Across all lesion voxels, @entity16151 values more accurately depicted tissue fate compared with @entity16151 (C) values (P<0.0001). The largest difference in the two methods was in voxels with <75% parenchyma, where the accuracy of @entity16151 (C) was only 50% compared with 62% for @entity16151 ( @entity16151 .) CONCLUSIONS: CSF-suppressed @entity16151 measurements gave a more accurate identification of reversible @entity63 in this sample. We predict that multimodal MRI models of tissue viability in @entity385 will be more accurate if CSF-suppressed @entity16151 measurements are used.

title: More accurate identification of reversible XXXX in @entity1 stroke by cerebrospinal fluid suppressed diffusion-weighted imaging.

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic injury']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['ischemic injury']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: In this longitudinal, paired-control study, we developed special vibration platforms to evaluate the effects of low-intensity vibration on neuromuscular function and functional capacity in @entity6092 postmenopausal @entity1 . METHODS: @entity1 in the platform group (PG; n=62) stood still and barefoot on the platform for 20 minutes, 5 times a week for 12 months. Each platform vibrated with a frequency of 60Hz, intensity of 0.6g, and amplitude of less than 1mm. @entity1 in the control group (CG; n=60) were followed up and instructed not to modify their physical activity during the study. Every 3 months all volunteers were invited to a visit to check for any change in their lifestyle. Assessments were performed at baseline and at 12 months, and included isometric muscle strength in the @entity615 , right handgrip strength, dynamic upper limb strength (arm curl test), upper trunk flexibility ( @entity1062 [ @entity1062 ]), mobility (timed up and go test), and static balance (unipedal stance test). Statistical analyses were performed using the intention-to-treat strategy. RESULTS: Both groups were similar for all variables at baseline. At the end of intervention, the PG was significantly better than CG in all parameters but in the @entity1062 . When compared with baseline, after 12 months of vibration the PG presented statistically significant improvements in isometric and dynamic muscle strength in the hip flexors (+36.7%), back extensors (+36.5%), handgrip strength (+4.4%), arm curl test (+22.8%), @entity1062 (+9.9%), unipedal stance test (+6.8%), and timed up and go test (-9.2%), whereas the CG showed no significant differences during the same period of time. As such, there were no side effects related to the study procedures during the 12 months of intervention. CONCLUSIONS: Low-intensity vibration improved balance, motility, and muscle strength in the upper and lower limbs in postmenopausal @entity1 .

title: Whole-body vibration improves neuromuscular parameters and functional capacity in XXXX postmenopausal @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity615 :: ('MESH:D001416', 'Disease') :: ['hip flexors and back extensors']

entities_list: @entity6092 :: ('MESH:C567172', 'Disease') :: ['osteopenic']

answer: @entity6092 :: (MESH:C567172,Disease) :: ['osteopenic']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to evaluate the impact of multimodal management on a series of @entity242 ( @entity242 ) @entity1 treated with curative intent. METHODS: Data were collected on 69 consecutive @entity1 treated from 1982 to 2012. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed for @entity5 control and @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ). RESULTS: In total, 54 (78 %) @entity1 had localized @entity242 (M0 group). In the M0 group, 85 % of @entity1 received multimodal management (surgery n = 50, radiotherapy n = 37, chemotherapy n = 30). Among 42 @entity1 with limb @entity242 , 9 (21 %) underwent amputation, and isolated limb perfusion (ILP) was required in 17 (40.5 %) to allow conservative management. Among the 45 @entity1 who underwent conservative surgery, flap reconstructions were required in 13 (28.8 %). The median follow-up was 5.7 years. The 5-year actuarial @entity1349 rates were 54, 62, and 24 % in the entire group and the M0 and M1 groups, respectively. In the M0 group, the 5-year actuarial distant control, local control (LC), and locoregional control rates were 67, 75, and 66 %, respectively. Prognostic factors for poor @entity1349 in the multivariate analysis were @entity5 that were deep to the fascia (p = 0.04) and grade 3 (p = 0.005). In the univariate analysis, age <30 years (p = 0.04), the T2 stage (p = 0.04), and mass presentation (p = 0.03) correlated with decreased LC, whereas @entity1 who underwent ILP had a significantly higher LC rate (hazard ratio 3; 95 % confidence interval 0.9-9.4; p = 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Multimodal management including ILP and flap reconstruction is necessary to achieve optimal conservative LC. High rates of @entity3 and lymphatic spread require innovative systemic treatments.

title: XXXX : need for a multimodal approach to maximize the chances of curative conservative treatment.

entities_list: @entity242 :: ('MESH:D012509', 'Disease') :: ['ES', 'epithelioid sarcoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity242 :: (MESH:D012509,Disease) :: ['Epithelioid sarcoma']


abstract: The antiproliferative effects of @entity1 interferon (IFN), @entity379 , @entity3027 54, and @entity2391 ser, alone and in combination, were assessed on 10 @entity1 cell lines. All IFNs were produced by recombinant technology and purified to homogeneity. In all cell lines except one, the addition of @entity379 to either @entity3027 54 or @entity2391 ser resulted in a synergistic antiproliferative effect, regardless of individual IFN sensitivities or tissue of origin. The only exception was a normal diploid fibroblast cell in which an additive antiproliferative effect occurred with combination IFN treatment. A malignant @entity1492 cell line of similar mesenchymal origin demonstrated a synergistic antiproliferative effect. One cell line was sensitive to both type I and type II IFN alone. Three cell lines were relatively resistant to @entity379 but not to @entity2391 ser, one was relatively resistant to @entity2391 ser but not to @entity379 , and the remainder were resistant to both @entity379 and @entity2391 ser or @entity3027 54. The addition of @entity3027 54 to @entity2391 ser in the SKCO 1 cell line resulted in an antagonistic interaction. Timing experiments with @entity1 cells indicate that @entity379 and @entity2391 ser need not be in the media at the same time for the synergistic effect to occur. Combinations of type I and type II IFN thus resulted in synergistic antiproliferative effect for transformed @entity1 cells of various histogenesis, including some with a relative resistance to one or both IFN types.

title: Synergistic antiproliferative effects of @entity1 recombinant alpha 54- or beta ser-interferon with gamma-interferon on XXXX cell lines of various histogenesis.

entities_list: @entity1492 :: ('MESH:D005354', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosarcoma']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to report arcuate keratotomy (AK) as a treatment for post-laser in situ keratomileusis @entity940 arising from incorrect axis treatment. METHOD: A 52-year-old @entity1 presented with @entity227 . Three months previously, the @entity1 had undergone laser in situ keratomileusis in her left eye with incorrect axis treatment. All potential options were discussed in detail with the @entity1 . After consideration, she proceeded with AK as a tissue-sparing maneuver and planned to evaluate other options in the future. RESULTS: The @entity1 received a pair of 60-degree arcuate incisions at a 7-mm optical zone. On the first postoperative visit, dramatic improvement in uncorrected visual acuity was noted along with the reduction of ghosting and @entity227 . The @entity2516 was +0.50-1.00 x 165 degrees . At the final 1-year follow up, uncorrected visual acuity was 20/25. The residual @entity2516 was +0.50-0.75 x 173 degrees . CONCLUSIONS: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of AK in a @entity1 with high @entity940 resulting from incorrect axis treatment during Laser in situ keratomileusis. Visual recovery is rapid and refractive changes are stable. For refractive surgeons familiar with AK, this tissue neutral surgical approach may be a first choice option to improve uncorrected visual acuity and reduce unwanted and disabling optical effects secondary to high @entity940 .

title: Arcuate keratotomy: an option for XXXX correction after laser in situ keratomileusis.

entities_list: @entity940 :: ('MESH:D001251', 'Disease') :: ['astigmatism']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['decreased vision in her left eye', 'visual blur']

entities_list: @entity2516 :: ('MESH:D012030', 'Disease') :: ['refractive error']

answer: @entity940 :: (MESH:D001251,Disease) :: ['astigmatism']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: It is unclear whether @entity64 in @entity1 with spontaneous @entity4066 ( @entity4066 ) are due to secondary @entity1031 or to a reduction in cerebral blood flow from the primary @entity75 . The aim of this study was to identify the most likely mechanism of @entity64 using cervical and cerebral imaging parameters in @entity1 with @entity4066 . METHODS: The study was approved by the local Ethics Committee. Informed consent was waived. We retrospectively evaluated the cerebrovascular ultrasound, cervical MR angiography, and @entity64 brain MRI in consecutive @entity1 with @entity4066 . An embolic mechanism was considered in the case of direct visualization of an @entity999 as a susceptibility vessel sign on T2* or in the case of pial artery territory @entity1188 on diffusion-weighted imaging. A hemodynamic mechanism was considered in the case of watershed @entity1188 and in the case of an association of watershed @entity1188 and pial artery territory @entity1188 when >=  2 of the following were present: severe stenotic or occlusive @entity4066 , reduced intracranial velocity on cerebrovascular ultrasound or signal on MR angiography, or hyperintense vessel sign on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery. The remaining @entity1 were considered to have a mixed mechanism. RESULTS: Of 172 consecutive @entity1 with @entity4066 , 100 (58%) had @entity64 on diffusion-weighted imaging. @entity64 was attributed to a @entity1031 mechanism in 85 of 100 @entity1 , a hemodynamic mechanism in 12 of 100 @entity1 , and a mixed mechanism in 3 of 100 @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity64 in @entity1 with @entity4066 is most frequently associated with both direct and indirect signs of artery-to-artery embolization on imaging, a finding that should help design future therapeutic trials.

title: Mechanism of @entity1188 in spontaneous XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['strokes', 'stroke', 'acute stroke', 'Stroke']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['cervical lesion']

entities_list: @entity999 :: ('MESH:D020766', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial embolism']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarction']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['thromboembolism', 'thromboembolic']

entities_list: @entity4066 :: ('MESH:D020217', 'Disease') :: ['cervical artery dissection', 'CAD']

answer: @entity4066 :: (MESH:D020217,Disease) :: ['cervical artery dissection']


abstract: This project studied in detail the insecticidal activity of a fungal lectin from the sclerotes of @entity19868 , referred to as @entity19868 agglutinin or SSA. Feeding assays with the @entity6294 ( @entity6294 ) on an artificial diet containing different concentrations of SSA demonstrated a high mortality caused by this fungal lectin with a median insect @entity137 value (LC50) of 66 (49-88)  g/ml. In an attempt to unravel the mode of action of SSA the binding and interaction of the lectin with insect tissues and cells were investigated. Histofluorescence studies on sections from aphids fed on an artificial liquid diet containing @entity2823 -labeled SSA, indicated the insect midgut with its brush border zone as the primary target for SSA. In addition, exposure of insect midgut CF-203 cells to 25  g/ml SSA resulted in a total loss of cell viability, the median cell @entity137 value (EC50) being 4.0 (2.4-6.7)  g/ml. Interestingly, cell death was accompanied with DNA fragmentation, but the effect was caspase-3 independent. Analyses using fluorescence confocal microscopy demonstrated that @entity2823 -labeled SSA was not internalized in the insect midgut cells, but bound to the cell surface. Prior incubation of the cells with @entity3857 to achieve a higher cell membrane permeation resulted in an increased internalization of SSA in the insect midgut cells, but no increase in cell @entity137 . Furthermore, since the @entity137 of SSA for CF-203 cells was significantly reduced when SSA was incubated with @entity26243 and asialomucin prior to treatment of the cells, the data of this project provide strong evidence that SSA binds with specific @entity1735 moieties on the cell membrane proteins to start a signaling transduction cascade leading to death of the midgut epithelial cells, which in turn results in insect mortality. The potential use of SSA in insect control is discussed.

title: Insecticidal properties of XXXX agglutinin and its interaction with insect tissues and cells.

entities_list: @entity6294 :: ('7029', 'Species') :: ['Acyrthosiphon pisum', 'pea aphid']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity19868 :: ('5180', 'Species') :: ['Sclerotinia sclerotiorum', 'S. sclerotiorum']

answer: @entity19868 :: (5180,Species) :: ['Sclerotinia sclerotiorum']


abstract: Stimulation on exposed dentine at the enamo-dentinal junction is often @entity158 and uncomfortable for the affected @entity1 . Two hundred and forty-four subjects suffering from dentinal sensitivity, aged from 18 to 48 years old, were treated with two types of desensitizing agent. In this study, we used @entity3163 ( @entity33521 ) and @entity6086 (Dycal catalyst). The desensitizing agent is first applied on the exposed dentine and then burnished, without local anaesthesia, until all sensitivity has disappeared. After the first session, 100% of the subjects were desensitized. All subjects were seen 1, 2, 3, 6, 13 and 26 weeks after the first application. After 6 months, 94% of the subjects treated with @entity6086 (Dycal) and 87% of those treated with @entity3163 ( @entity33521 ) were still desensitized. This difference is statistically significant at alpha = 0.01 (Anova test). In conclusion, our study reveals that both @entity6086 (Dycal) and @entity3163 ( @entity33521 ) are effective in the treatment of dentinal @entity56 . A slight significant advantage in using @entity6086 is also noted.

title: [Treatment of dentin XXXX : a retrospective and comparative study of two therapeutic approaches].

entities_list: @entity3163 :: ('MESH:D012969', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium fluoride']

entities_list: @entity6086 :: ('MESH:D002126', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium hydroxide']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['hypersensitivity']

answer: @entity56 :: (MESH:D004342,Disease) :: ['hypersensitivity']


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cost-effectiveness analysis. OBJECTIVE: To determine the relative cost-effectiveness of anterior cervical discectomy with fusion (ACDF) using a porous @entity11608 implant compared with autograft with plating, for single-level cervical @entity66 with @entity614 . SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: ACDF with autograft as an interbody spacer is a generally accepted method to treat @entity1797 with @entity614 . Concerns about donor site morbidity and the structural characteristics of autograft stimulated investigations of alternative materials. Techniques may differ in their operative risks, complications, outcomes, and resource use. METHODS: A retrospective review of clinical outcomes and total cost of illness for 5 years postsurgery was performed for 61 consecutive @entity1 enrolled for this study. Twenty-eight @entity1 were treated with single-level ACDF using either a stand-alone, porous @entity11608 implant, without graft inside the implant, and 33 @entity1 received autograft and plating. A cost-effectiveness analysis comparing the 2 ACDF treatment methods was conducted. This article reports clinical assessments, quality adjusted life years gained, and an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio analysis. RESULTS: @entity1 in both cohorts reported improved clinical outcomes, including neck disability index, visual analogue scale, Short-Form 36, Odom's clinical assessment, and @entity1 satisfaction at 5 years postindex surgery. The mean cost of illness for the study period, including preoperative through 5 years postoperative assessments, was 6806 per @entity1 treated with @entity11608 and 10,143 per @entity1 receiving autograft and plate. Quality-adjusted life years (QALY) gained were 9.41 and 7.14 for the @entity11608 and control cohorts, respectively. The cost per QALY for the @entity11608 group was 723 and 1420 for the control group. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of ACDF with a porous @entity11608 implant compared with ACDF with autograft and plate was -1473 per @entity1 per year for the duration of this study. CONCLUSION: This cost-effectiveness analysis reports favorable results for ACDF procedures utilizing a @entity11608 implant. The data reported suggest that using porous @entity11608 as a stand-alone device is less costly and more effective than autograft and plate in ACDF procedures.

title: Is anterior cervical fusion with a porous @entity11608 implant a cost-effective method to treat cervical XXXX with @entity614 ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['disc disease']

entities_list: @entity1797 :: ('MESH:D055959', 'Disease') :: ['degenerated cervical discs']

entities_list: @entity614 :: ('MESH:D011843', 'Disease') :: ['radiculopathy']

answer: @entity66 :: (MESH:D004194,Disease) :: ['disc disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The authorized and unauthorized use of @entity835 for therapeutic purposes ( @entity93 ) has increased dramatically in recent years, and physicians have called for further research to better clarify the parameters of effective and appropriate use. We report findings from a large cross-sectional study of the use of @entity93 in Canada and compare use across medical conditions and across authorized and unauthorized users. METHODS: We examined @entity835 use history, medical conditions and symptoms, patterns of current use of @entity93 , modes of access and perceived effectiveness among 628 self-selected Canadians consumers of @entity93 . @entity1 were recruited from medical @entity835 dispensaries and from organizations that assist users of @entity93 . RESULTS: @entity1 reported using @entity835 to treat multiple symptoms, with sleep, @entity158 , and @entity148 being the most common. Cannabis was perceived to provide effective symptoms relief across medical conditions. Patterns of use were also consistent across medical conditions. Notable differences were observed with regard to modes of access. CONCLUSION: Across medical conditions respondents reported using @entity835 to effectively address diverse symptoms. Results indicate a substantial disconnect between the therapeutic use of @entity835 and research on the risks and benefits of such use; particularly with regard to the anxiolytic and sedative use of @entity835 . Authorized and unauthorized users exhibited few meaningful differences with regard to medical conditions and patterns of use, but faced substantial differences regarding access.

title: Cannabis for therapeutic purposes: XXXX characteristics, access, and reasons for use.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity835 :: ('MESH:D002189', 'Disease') :: ['cannabis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: PURPOSE: To retrospectively analyze the clinical features and results of treatment in 56 @entity1 with @entity1492 enrolled onto cooperative European protocols between 1979 and 2005 and treated with a combination of surgery and chemotherapy. @entity1 AND METHODS: We performed a retrospective case review of @entity1 under the age of 2 years with @entity1492 treated between 1979 and 2005 in six European studies. @entity1 were staged according to the Intergroup @entity980 Staging System international classification as a function of the type of initial surgery and the extent of disease and were treated with surgery and chemotherapy. Survival was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS: Primary @entity5 site was the limbs in 66% of @entity1 ; median @entity5 diameter was more than 5 cm in 63% of @entity1 ; and postoperative staging was as follows: group I, 22%; group II, 27%; group III, 47%; and group IV, 4%. Response rate to chemotherapy was 75%, and the specific response rate to @entity1891 - @entity4316 was 71%. Local control was obtained in 84% of @entity1 . At the end of follow-up, 45% of survivors had been treated by surgery alone, 6% by chemotherapy alone, 46% by surgery and chemotherapy, and 2% by surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. The 5-year overall survival (OS) rate was 89%. The 5-year OS and event-free survival rates for localized @entity1 were 89% and 81%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Although complete resection is rarely feasible at diagnosis, conservative surgery remains the mainstay treatment for @entity1492 . An alkylating agent-free and @entity4349 -free regimen is usually effective and should be chosen as first-line chemotherapy for inoperable @entity5 . Overall prognosis is good, but progression or relapse, mainly local, remains possible.

title: Infantile XXXX : management based on the European experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity4349 :: ('CHEBI:48120', 'Chemical') :: ['anthracycline']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity4316 :: ('MESH:D003609', 'Chemical') :: ['dactinomycin']

entities_list: @entity1492 :: ('MESH:D005354', 'Disease') :: ['infantile fibrosarcoma', 'fibrosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity1891 :: ('MESH:D014750', 'Chemical') :: ['vincristine']

entities_list: @entity980 :: ('MESH:D012208', 'Disease') :: ['Rhabdomyosarcoma']

answer: @entity1492 :: (MESH:D005354,Disease) :: ['fibrosarcoma']


abstract: The occurrence of @entity1892 (B.I.) among 181 @entity1 with @entity978 (121 with splenectomy, 60 without splenectomy) was analyzed. Twenty-seven B.I. occurred among 22 @entity1 and included 15 episodes of @entity693 in 14 @entity1 . B.I. occurred in all age groups, but @entity693 occurred most commonly in splenectomized @entity1 10 years of age or less. The frequency of B.I. in splenectomized @entity1 receiving radiotherapy was 1.4%, compared to 18.3% among those receiving chemotherapy (p less than 0.05); the frequency of B.I. among non-splenectomized @entity1 receiving radiotherapy was 2.8%, compared to 23.1% among those receiving chemotherapy (p less than 0.05). There was no difference in the probability of B.I. as a function of splenectomy for the corresponding groups, although all cases of @entity328 and @entity6932 in splenectomized @entity1 . Overwhelming postsplenectomy @entity2259 infection not related to @entity66 or treatment occurred in 3/121 (2.5%) @entity1 , accounting for only one fatality (0.8%).

title: Bacterial infections in pediatric XXXX : relationship to radiotherapy, chemotherapy and splenectomy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['active disease']

entities_list: @entity693 :: ('MESH:D008581', 'Disease') :: ['bacteremia-meningitis']

entities_list: @entity6932 :: ('MESH:D008583', 'Disease') :: ['Hemophilus influenzae bacteremia-meningitis']

entities_list: @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial infections']

entities_list: @entity978 :: ('MESH:D006689', 'Disease') :: ["Hodgkin's disease"]

entities_list: @entity328 :: ('1313', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus pneumoniae']

entities_list: @entity2259 :: ('MESH:D016470', 'Disease') :: ['bacteremia']

answer: @entity978 :: (MESH:D006689,Disease) :: ['Hodgkin's disease']


abstract: In addition to physical properties (DeRemer, M. F., Saeli, R. J., and Edelman, A. M. (1992) J. Biol. Chem. 267, 13460-13465), enzymatic and regulatory characteristics indicate that calmodulin (CaM) kinase Ia and @entity34522 are distinct entities. The Km values for @entity855 and site 1 peptide were similar between the two kinases, however, @entity34522 is approximately 20-fold more sensitive to CaM than is CaM kinase Ia. The kinases also displayed differential sensitivities to divalent metal ions. For both kinases, site 1 peptide, @entity12148 , and syntide-2 were highly preferred substrates relative to others tested. A 72-kDa protein from a heat-treated extract of @entity35 pancreas was phosphorylated by @entity34522 but not by CaM kinase Ia. CaM kinase Ia activity displayed a pronounced lag in its time course suggesting enzyme activation over time. Preincubation of CaM kinase Ia in the combined presence of @entity141 -CaM and @entity855 led to a time-dependent increase in its site 1 peptide kinase activity of up to 15-fold. The extent of activation of CaM kinase Ia correlated with the extent of autophosphorylation. The enzyme retained full @entity141 -CaM dependence in the activated state which was rapidly reversible by treatment with protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit. Thus, the activation of CaM kinase Ia is a result of its @entity141 -CaM-dependent autophosphorylation. @entity34522 was not activated by preincubation under autophosphorylating conditions yet lost approximately 90% of its activity toward either an exogenous substrate (site 1 peptide) or itself (autophosphorylation) after incubation with protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit. The deactivated state was not reversed by subsequent incubations under autophosphorylating conditions. Thus, @entity34522 activity is dependent upon phosphorylation by a regulating kinase(s) which is resolved from @entity34522 during purification of the latter.

title: XXXX -calmodulin-dependent protein kinases Ia and Ib from @entity35 brain. II. Enzymatic characteristics and regulation of activities by phosphorylation and dephosphorylation.

answer: @entity141 :: (CHEBI:29108,Chemical) :: ['Ca(2+)']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess whether the START (STrAtegies for RelatTives) intervention added to treatment as usual is cost effective compared with usual treatment alone. DESIGN: Cost effectiveness analysis nested within a pragmatic randomised controlled trial. SETTING: Three mental health and one neurological outpatient @entity303 service in London and Essex, UK. @entity1 : Family carers of @entity1 with @entity303 . INTERVENTION: Eight session, manual based, coping intervention delivered by supervised psychology graduates to family carers of @entity1 with @entity303 added to usual treatment, compared with usual treatment alone. PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Costs measured from a health and social care perspective were analysed alongside the @entity308 ( @entity308 ) of affective symptoms and quality adjusted life years (QALYs) in cost effectiveness analyses over eight months from baseline. RESULTS: Of the 260 @entity1 recruited to the study, 173 were randomised to the START intervention, and 87 to usual treatment alone. Mean @entity308 scores were lower in the intervention group than the usual treatment group over the 8 month evaluation period (mean difference -1.79 (95% CI -3.32 to -0.33)), indicating better outcomes associated with the START intervention. There was a small improvement in health related quality of life as measured by QALYs (0.03 (-0.01 to 0.08)). Costs were no different between the intervention and usual treatment groups (  252 (-28 to 565) higher for START group). The cost effectiveness calculations suggested that START had a greater than 99% chance of being cost effective compared with usual treatment alone at a willingness to pay threshold of   30,000 per QALY gained, and a high probability of cost effectiveness on the @entity308 measure. CONCLUSIONS: The manual based coping intervention START, when added to treatment as usual, was cost effective compared with treatment as usual alone by reference to both outcome measures (affective symptoms for family carers, and carer based QALYs). TRIAL REGISTRATION: ISCTRN 70017938.

title: Cost effectiveness of a manual based coping strategy programme in promoting the mental health of family carers of @entity1 with XXXX (the START (STrAtegies for RelaTives) study): a pragmatic randomised controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'PARTICIPANTS', 'people']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['HADS-T', 'Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale total score']

answer: @entity303 :: (MESH:D003704,Disease) :: ['dementia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although enhanced temporal summation (TS) and conditioned @entity158 modulation (CPM), as characteristic for central sensitization, has been proved to be impaired in different @entity1118 populations, the exact nature is still unknown. OBJECTIVES: We examined differences in TS and CPM in 2 @entity1118 populations, @entity1 with both @entity5815 ( @entity5815 ) and comorbid @entity239 ( @entity239 ) and @entity1 with @entity309 ( @entity309 ), and in sedentary, healthy controls, and evaluated whether activation of serotonergic descending pathways by @entity1443 improves central @entity158 processing. STUDY DESIGN: Double-blind randomized controlled trial with cross-over design. METHODS: Fifty-three @entity1 (19 @entity5815 / @entity239 @entity1 , 16 @entity309 @entity1 , and 18 healthy @entity1 ) were randomly allocated to the experimental group (1 g @entity1443 ) or the placebo group (1 g @entity413 ). @entity1 underwent an assessment of endogenous @entity158 inhibition, consisting of an evaluation of temporal summation with and without conditioned @entity158 modulation (CPM). Seven days later groups were crossed-over. @entity1 and assessors were blinded for the allocation. RESULTS: After intake of @entity1443 , @entity158 thresholds increased slightly in @entity5815 / @entity239 @entity1 , and decreased in the @entity309 and the control group. Temporal summation was reduced in the 3 groups and CPM at the shoulder was better overall, however only statistically significant for the @entity309 group. Healthy controls showed improved CPM for both finger and shoulder after @entity1443 , although not significant. LIMITATIONS: The influence of @entity1443 on @entity158 processing is inconsistent, especially in the @entity1 groups examined. CONCLUSION: This is the first study comparing the influence of @entity1443 on central @entity158 processing in healthy controls and @entity1 with @entity5815 / @entity239 and @entity309 . It seems that @entity5815 / @entity239 @entity1 present more central @entity158 than @entity309 @entity1 , and that @entity1443 may have a limited positive effect on central @entity158 inhibition, but other contributors have to be identified and evaluated.

title: Does @entity1443 activate endogenous @entity158 inhibition in @entity5815 / @entity239 and XXXX ? A double-blind randomized controlled cross-over trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'Patients', 'patient', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity239 :: ('MESH:D005356', 'Disease') :: ['fibromyalgia', 'FM']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'pain processing abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity5815 :: ('MESH:D015673', 'Disease') :: ['chronic fatigue syndrome', 'CFS']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['dextrose']

entities_list: @entity1443 :: ('MESH:D000082', 'Chemical') :: ['acetaminophen']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA']

answer: @entity309 :: (MESH:D001172,Disease) :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']


abstract: Sleep is a physiological process with an internal program of a number of well defined sleep stages and intermediate wakefulness periods. The sleep stages do modulate the @entity3002 are accompanied by different regulation regimes for the @entity65 . The differences in regulation can be distinguished by new analysis techniques on the recorded signals. In addition to normal sleep regulation some @entity25 affect the @entity65 . The most prevalent @entity25 and changes in the autonomous system @entity27 . In @entity1 with @entity27 marked short term changes in @entity65 are observed during sleep. These abnormalities in regulation are further differentiated between the sleep stages. For long term @entity27 is recognized as a major risk factor for arterial @entity101 . @entity27 lowers blood pressure during the night and over time also lowers blood pressure during daytime. In this study we investigated 18 @entity1 with @entity387 and normal blood pressure, 10 @entity1 with @entity387 and arterial @entity101 and 10 normal subjects as controls. Both @entity1 groups were tested with cardiorespiratory polysomnography before and under @entity3128 therapy. The effects on @entity65 during sleep and daytime are investigated in the three groups.

title: Cardiovascular and respiratory regulation during sleep in @entity1 with XXXX with and without @entity101 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity387 :: ('MESH:D012891', 'Disease') :: ['sleep apnea']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['sleep disorders', 'disorder linked to sleep']

entities_list: @entity27 :: ('MESH:D020181', 'Disease') :: ['is obstructive sleep apnea', 'changes obstructive sleep apnea', 'obstructive sleep apnea', 'Treatment of obstructive sleep apnea']

entities_list: @entity3002 :: ('MESH:D009421', 'Disease') :: ['autonomous nervous system and thereby the sleep stages']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular and respiratory system', 'cardiovascular and respiratory regulation']

answer: @entity387 :: (MESH:D012891,Disease) :: ['sleep apnea']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Medical management of type B @entity1580 can result in progressive dilation of the false lumen and poor long-term outcome. Recent studies using models of @entity1580 have suggested flow characteristics, such as @entity64 volume, velocity, and helicity, are related to aortic expansion. The aim of this study was to assess whether four-dimensional phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (4D PC-MRI) can accurately visualize and quantify flow characteristics in @entity1 with @entity1580 and whether these features are related to the rate of aortic expansion. METHODS: Twelve consecutive @entity1 with medically treated type B thoracic @entity1580 underwent a three-dimensional (3D) MRI anatomy scan using a blood pool contrast agent. Two-dimensional phase contrast MRI data (2D PC-MRI) were acquired in the ascending and descending aorta and 4D PC-MRI data were acquired in the entire thoracic aorta. The 2D PC-MRI measurements were used to assess the quality of the 4D PC-MRI velocity data. @entity64 volume, velocity, and the direction of flow were calculated using 4D PC-MRI and related to the rate of aortic expansion measured on contrast-enhanced computed tomography. RESULTS: Comparison of 2D PC-MRI and 4D PC-MRI measurements showed good correlation (Pearson R(2) = 0.98; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.9818-0.9953; P < .0001) and no proportional bias (bias = 1.0 mL; standard deviation, 4.6). The median aortic growth rate was 6.1 mm/y (interquartile range [IQR], 1.1-15.1 mm/y), and this correlated well with the growth rate of the false lumen (Spearman    = 0.62; 95% CI, 0.06-0.89; P = .0347). False lumen @entity715 (FLT) was seen in 7 of 12 @entity1 and was not associated with reduced aortic expansion rate (FLT present: 11.4 mm/y; IQR, 3.6-21.4) vs FLT absent: 9.9 mm/y; IQR, 3.4-24.2; Mann-Whitney P = .8763). False lumen @entity64 volume and velocity were associated with more rapid aortic expansion (   = 0.80 [95% CI, 0.39-0.94; P = .0029] and    = 0.59 [95% CI, 0.09-0.87; P = .0480] respectively). The position of the dominant entry tear was associated with rapid expansion, which tended to be higher with distal vs proximal entry tears (distal, 21.4 mm/y [IQR, 11.4-48.9] vs proximal, 5.5 mm/y [IQR, 3.4-16.6]; Mann-Whitney P = .096). Helical flow was seen in the false lumen in 8 of 12 @entity1 and was related to the rate of aortic expansion (   = 0.83, P = .0154). CONCLUSIONS: 4D PC-MRI can be accurately applied to visualize and quantify flow characteristics in @entity1 with @entity1580 . @entity64 volume, velocity, distal dominant entry tears, and helical flow are related to the rate of aortic expansion. This study demonstrates the potential of this new imaging method. A larger prospective study is now required to measure flow characteristics and determine their predictive value for risk stratification of @entity1 with @entity1580 .

title: A new imaging method for assessment of XXXX using four-dimensional phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'Stroke']

entities_list: @entity1580 :: ('MESH:C562834', 'Disease') :: ['aortic dissection']

answer: @entity1580 :: (MESH:C562834,Disease) :: ['aortic dissection']


abstract: Background. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of @entity378 and its predictors among @entity16090 positive @entity1 . Methods. A six-year retrospective follow-up study was conducted among @entity16090 infected @entity1 aged less than 15 years. Life table was used to estimate the cumulative probability of @entity378 free survival. Cox proportional hazards model was used to identify predictors of @entity378 . Results. A total of 271 @entity16090 positive @entity1 were followed for six years and produced 1100.50 @entity1 -years of observation. During the follow-up period 52 new @entity1906 cases occurred. The overall incidence density of @entity1906 was 4.9 per 100 PY. Inappropriate vaccination [AHR: 8.03 (95% CI; 4.61-13.97)], ambulatory functional status [AHR: 1.99 (95% CI; 1.04-3.81)], and having baseline @entity417 [AHR: 2.23 (95% CI; 1.19-4.15)] were important predictors of time to @entity1906 occurrence. Conclusion. @entity1906 incidence rate was high. Early diagnosis and treatment of @entity417 and strengthening immunization program would reduce the risk of @entity1906 occurrence.

title: Incidence and Predictors of XXXX among @entity16090 Positive @entity1 at University of Gondar Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: A Retrospective Follow-Up Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'person']

entities_list: @entity378 :: ('MESH:D014376', 'Disease') :: ['tuberculosis']

answer: @entity378 :: (MESH:D014376,Disease) :: ['Tuberculosis']


abstract: Saliva is one of the components for the digestive homeostasis. Recent studies have shown that @entity1 with @entity8823 ( @entity8823 ) present a drop in salivary pH. @entity1 with @entity244 ( @entity244 ) are a potential clinical research model for @entity2133 and its laryngeal and pharyngeal consequences. The aim was to evaluate the characteristics of saliva of @entity1 with @entity244 and @entity8823 . METHODS: 19 @entity1 with @entity244 plus @entity8823 , and 12 healthy controls had their saliva studied prospectively for volume and pH. Two salivary samples were obtained from each @entity1 : whole unstimulated saliva(WUS) and whole stimulated saliva( @entity13920 ) while chewing parafilm M  . All the @entity1 were females. RESULTS: Mean age was 60 years (study group) and 44 years (control). @entity8823 was diagnosed on all 19 subjects. The mean pH of WUS was 7.53 ( @entity244 ) and 7.57 (controls), raising to 7.87 and 7.83 respectively after stimulation. The mean salivary volume of @entity1 with @entity244 was 1.27 mL (WUS) and 3.78 mL ( @entity13920 ), whereas controls had a significantly higher salivary volume both before and after stimuli. CONCLUSION: A very high prevalence of @entity8823 was found in @entity1 with @entity244 , which is probably caused by a uniform drop in salivary volume and all its contents, rather than a specific deficiency in its components, as shown previously in @entity1 without @entity244 .

title: pH salivary analysis of subjects suffering from XXXX and @entity8823 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Patients', 'patients', 'participant']

entities_list: @entity2133 :: ('MESH:D014987', 'Disease') :: ['xerostomia']

entities_list: @entity244 :: ('MESH:D014899', 'Disease') :: ["Sj  gren's syndrome", 'SS']

entities_list: @entity8823 :: ('MESH:D057045', 'Disease') :: ['LPR', 'laryngopharyngeal reflux']

answer: @entity244 :: (MESH:D014899,Disease) :: ['Sj  gren's syndrome']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Normal testicular function is essential for the maintenance of male physical strength and behaviour irrespective of age. A new term of late-onset @entity6126 (LOH) has been coined for the condition of decreased @entity251 (T) and hypogonadal symptoms in ageing @entity1 . OBJECTIVE: The most important testicular hormone, T, is responsible for the gender-specific androgenic-anabolic effects in @entity1 . Testicular T production remains stable until around the age of 40 years after which it declines by 1-2% annually. Despite this age-related decline, serum T levels in most older @entity1 remain within the reference range of younger @entity1 . The decreasing @entity342 levels are paralleled by well-defined objective biological and nonspecific subjective signs and symptoms of ageing. Because these symptoms are similar to those observed in young @entity1 with documented @entity6126 , @entity342 replacement therapy (ART) has been considered a logical way to treat them. METHODS: A thorough review of the existing literature was performed to evaluate the current concepts and controversies related to ageing @entity1 and ART. RESULTS: Although it is intuitively logical that the symptoms of LOH are due to the ageing-related @entity942 , and that they can be reversed by ART, the evidence for this is still variable and often weak. In particular, evidence-based information about long-term benefits and risks of ART in ageing @entity1 is largely missing. CONCLUSIONS: Despite widespread use, evidence-based proof for the objective benefits and side effects of ART of elderly @entity1 is still scanty, and such treatments should be considered experimental.

title: @entity342 replacement therapy in late-onset XXXX : current concepts and controversies - a mini-review.

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen']

entities_list: @entity6126 :: ('MESH:D007006', 'Disease') :: ['hypogonadism']

entities_list: @entity942 :: ('MESH:D003677', 'Disease') :: ['deficiency of T']

answer: @entity6126 :: (MESH:D007006,Disease) :: ['hypogonadism']