abstract: PURPOSE: Peritoneal recurrence after resection of @entity14 is still a major concern. We investigated whether the novel cytostatic drug, @entity2600 (Irinotecan), delivered intraperitoneally (i.p.) and intravenously (i.v.), could inhibit intraperitoneal @entity5 spread in a @entity35 model. METHODS: We induced intraperitoneal @entity5 growth using a @entity5 cell transfer model (10(6) cells) and divided the @entity35 into the following five groups of eight: group IP1, given @entity2600 i.p. immediately after intraperitoneal @entity5 cell transfer; group IV1, given @entity2600 i.v. immediately after intraperitoneal @entity5 cell transfer; group IP2, given @entity2600 i.p. on postoperative days (PODs) 5, 10, and 15; group IV2, given @entity2600 on PODs 5, 10, and 15; and a control group. The @entity35 were killed 30 days after @entity5 cell transfer, and the @entity5 weight, number of nodes in the greater omentum and peritoneum, presence of @entity3 in the liver and lungs, and @entity843 volume were determined. RESULTS: @entity2600 inhibited peritoneal @entity5 growth significantly. The direct intraoperative intraperitoneal application induced a more pronounced effect than the early postoperative intraperitoneal application, but both these application modes were superior to the intravenous route, which had no significant effect. CONCLUSION: @entity2600 was highly efficacious against @entity298 in this experimental model. The combination of @entity2600 with other cytostatic agents and drugs generating different effector mechanisms may diminish or even prevent intraperitoneal @entity5 growth.

title: Intraperitoneal versus intravenous @entity2600 given intra- and postoperatively for @entity298 in a XXXX model.

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['peritoneal carcinomatosis']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: @entity1 with @entity879 ( @entity879 ) represent a complex population with differential prognosis. The aim of the study was to categorize @entity879 according to the severity of underlying @entity409 ( @entity409 ). METHODS: A total of 540 @entity879 @entity1 were recruited, including 127 with prior decompensated @entity82 and 413 without @entity712 ( @entity712 ) including 193 with underlying @entity3619 and 220 with prior compensated @entity82 . The clinical characteristics and prognosis of subgroups were compared. Cox proportional hazard model and multinominal logistic regression analysis were performed to identify significant prognostic parameters. RESULTS: The 28-day, 3-month and 1-year survival of @entity879 @entity1 with or without @entity712 were 58.9% versus 61.4%, 36.2 versus 52.5% and 29.1% versus 49.6%, respectively. On multinominal logistic regression analysis or time-to-death analysis by Cox proportional hazard model, @entity712 was significantly associated with post-28-day mortality but not within-28-day mortality. On multivariate time-to-death analysis, elder age, high INR and serum @entity648 , low levels of serum @entity1372 and platelet count, and presence of @entity99 ( @entity99 ), @entity360 , respiratory or circulation dysfunction were predictors of within-28-day mortality in @entity1 without @entity712 , whereas the risk factors in @entity1 with @entity712 were high INR, @entity1011 , presence of @entity99 , respiratory or circulation dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS: @entity879 @entity1 with or without @entity712 had comparable short-term prognosis but differential 1-year mortality. @entity879 @entity1 with @entity712 were distinct from those without @entity712 in age, types of acute insults, severity of @entity99 and distribution of complications and the former group was characterized by increased delayed mortality.

title: Prior Decompensation is associated with Delayed Mortality in XXXX with @entity879 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['prior decompensation', 'PD']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity879 :: ('MESH:D017114', 'Disease') :: ['acute-on-chronic liver failure', 'ACLF']

entities_list: @entity648 :: ('MESH:D001663', 'Chemical') :: ['bilirubin']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['CLD', 'chronic liver diseases']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity3619 :: ('MESH:D006521', 'Disease') :: ['chronic hepatitis']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic encephalopathy', 'hepatic damage', 'HE']

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['upper gastrointestinal bleeding']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This retrospective study explored the interrelationship among aftercare, length of hospital stay, and rehospitalization within six months of discharge in a sample of @entity146 inpatients. METHODS: Data were analyzed for 1,481 @entity1 who had received inpatient care at a state @entity146 hospital from November 1991 to July 1994. @entity2357 models were estimated to predict the likelihood of referral to aftercare and of readmission to a hospital within six months of the index discharge. Variables controlled for were @entity1 ' characteristics; @entity146 status at the time of discharge, including length of stay; and the availability of informal support. RESULTS: Sixteen percent of the @entity1 received a referral to aftercare, and about 13 percent of the @entity1 were readmitted within six months of discharge. White @entity1 were twice as likely as African Americans to receive a referral to aftercare. Length of hospitalization and having a diagnosis of @entity161 were also predictors of referral to aftercare. Referral to aftercare was not shown to mediate the relationship between length of stay and rehospitalization. However, having a @entity914 , a poor discharge prognosis, and a high number of previous admissions were associated with an increased risk of readmission. No other demographic characteristics were related to readmission within six months of discharge, but referral to aftercare significantly increased the risk of readmission. CONCLUSIONS: The study suggested the possibility of racial disparities in referral to aftercare and a complex relationship between referral and rehospitalization. Both these findings warrant further investigation that gives particular attention to individual-level indicators of need and system-level barriers to and facilitators of @entity146 care.

title: Length of stay, referral to aftercare, and rehospitalization among XXXX inpatients.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

entities_list: @entity914 :: ('MESH:D011618', 'Disease') :: ['schizoaffective disorder']

entities_list: @entity2357 :: ('MESH:C537770', 'Disease') :: ['Logistic regression']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

answer: @entity146 :: (MESH:D001523,Disease) :: ['psychiatric']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The present study investigated the interactive effect of GABAB receptors and extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) on foot shock-induced @entity146 in @entity35 . METHODS: Fifty adult male @entity35 were randomly assigned into 10 groups. Groups 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 were exposed to 50 Hz, 500   T ELF-EMF for 30 days 8h per day while the remaining groups (1, 3, 5, 7 and 9) were sham-exposed. At the end of this period, the animals in groups 1 and 2 received normal saline while groups 3 and 4 treated with 100 mg/kg (low dose) of @entity7233 and groups 5 and 6 injected with 200 mg/kg (high dose) of @entity7233 . Groups 7 and 8 treated with 1.7 mg/kg (low dose) of @entity1772 and groups 9 and 10 received 3 mg/kg (high dose) @entity1772 by IP injections. Twenty min after the injection, the @entity146 was recorded in foot shock-induced @entity146 model. The number of lateral threat, lifted up threat, biting, attacking, chasing and approaching were considered as paradigms of @entity146 . RESULTS: ELF-EMF, @entity1772 or @entity7233 alone had no significant effect on @entity146 . Except that @entity35 exposed and treated with low dose of @entity7233 demonstrated significantly higher numbers of only one of the paradigms of @entity146 (lifted up threats), @entity7233 and @entity1772 in both doses in combination with ELF-EMF exposure had no significant effect on @entity146 . DISCUSSION: GABAB receptors and ELF-EMFs had no effect (both enhancement and suppression) on @entity146 of @entity35 in foot shock-induced model of @entity146 .

title: Effect of Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Field and/or GABAB Receptors on Foot Shock-induced Aggression in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1772 :: ('MESH:D001418', 'Chemical') :: ['Baclofen']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggression', 'aggressive behavior']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['Rats']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To survey the prevalence of the @entity1162 ( @entity1162 ), especially @entity15499 ( @entity15499 ), in Thai @entity1 (The first such study). BACKGROUND: @entity1162 is a rare @entity74 with a prevalence of 0.21 per cent in @entity1 with @entity2319 from other reports. These @entity1 carry a high risk of recurrent @entity1163 and fatal @entity943 . STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey from January 2000 to August 2000. METHOD: A total of 276 @entity1 with congenital sensori-neural @entity393 were included. A questionnaire was employed and all @entity1 were examined by a pediatric cardiologist to rule out @entity299 . EKGs were obtained and QTc intervals were blindly measured using standard methods in L2, V5 or any other leads with the longest QTc interval by three pediatric cardiologists. If QTc interval is prolonged, additional EKG (up to 3) were done to confirm the finding. Schwartz criteria was used to identify index cases with @entity1162 after repeated EKGs, and exercise stress tests. Also, echocardiography were done in @entity1 suspected of having @entity1162 . RESULTS: A total of 14 @entity1 needed a third EKG and more work ups due to persistent long QTc interval after 2 consecutive EKG studies with QTc intervals ranged from 456 msec to 466 msec, and Schwartz score from 1.5 to 2.5. There were 6 twins and no triplets in the study. Finally, two subjects (not twins or siblings) had persistent prolonged QTc intervals after 3 EKG studies. After the exercise stress test, both still had a @entity1162 , not corrected to the normal QTc interval even at the exercise peak. There was no @entity299 either structurally or functionally from the 2D echocardiogram and Doppler color flow study. CONCLUSION: The possible prevalence of @entity15499 was 0.7 per cent (2/276). Both @entity1 were in the low-risk group for having @entity1162 .

title: Prevalence of @entity1162 in congenital sensori-neural XXXX students of Songkhla School for the Deaf.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular arrhythmia']

entities_list: @entity2319 :: ('MESH:D003638', 'Disease') :: ['congenital deafness']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['inherited disease']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['organic heart disease', 'cardiac abnormality']

entities_list: @entity1162 :: ('MESH:D008133', 'Disease') :: ['LQTS', 'long QT syndrome', 'prolonged QTc interval']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing loss']

entities_list: @entity15499 :: ('MESH:D029593', 'Disease') :: ['Jervell-Lange-Nielsen syndrome', 'JLNS']

answer: @entity393 :: (MESH:D034381,Disease) :: ['hearing loss']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The role of sex, and its joint effect with age and @entity6 , on mortality subsequent to surviving an @entity583 ( @entity583 ) beyond 30  days are unclear. The high prevalence of @entity6 in an ethnically diverse Asian population motivates this study. METHODS: The study population comprised of a nationwide cohort of Asian @entity1 with @entity583 , hospitalized between 2000 to 2005, who survived the first 30  days post-admission and were followed prospectively until @entity204 or 12  years. RESULTS: Among the 13,389 survivors, there were fewer @entity1 (25.5%) who were older than @entity1 (median 70 vs. 58  years) and a larger proportion had @entity6 at admission (51.4% vs. 31.4%). During follow-up 4,707 @entity204 ( @entity1 13.2%; @entity1 22.0%) occurred, with @entity1 experiencing higher mortality than @entity1 with an averaged hazard ratio (HR): 2.08; 95% confidence interval : 1.96-2.20. However the actual adverse outcome, although always greater, reduced over time with an estimated HR: 2.23 (2.04-2.45) at 30  days to HR: 1.75; (1.47-2.09) 12  years later. The difference in mortality also declined with increasing age: HR 1.80 (1.52-2.13) for those aged 22-59, 1.26 (1.11-1.42) for 60-69, 1.06 (0.96-1.17) and 0.96 (0.85-1.09) for those 70-79 and 80-101 years. Significant two-factor interactions were observed between sex, age and @entity6 (P   <   0.001). @entity6 @entity1 <60  years of age had greater mortality than @entity6 @entity1 of the same age (adjusted HR: 1.44; 1.14-1.84; P   =   0.003), while @entity6 @entity1 and @entity1 >= 60  years of age had a less pronounced mortality difference (adjusted HR: 1.12; 0.99-1.26). CONCLUSIONS: One in two @entity1 hospitalized for @entity583 in this Asian cohort had @entity6 and the sex disparity in @entity12463 was most pronounced among these who were <60  years of age. This underscores the need for better secondary prevention in this high-risk group.

title: Impact of the joint association between sex, age and @entity6 on long-term mortality after XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetic', 'diabetic', 'diabetes', 'diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity12463 :: ('MESH:D031261', 'Disease') :: ['post-MI mortality']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['AMI', 'acute myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['deaths', 'death']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['acute myocardial infarction']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity308 is a major barrier to effective @entity158 relief. The SF-36 Health Survey may be useful as an outcome measure for @entity1118 @entity1 with and without @entity308 . The study purpose was to determine the correlation between the SF-36 Mental Composite Scale t-score and @entity308 type in @entity1118 @entity1 and the positive predictive value of the SF-36 in classifying @entity308 type in @entity1118 @entity1 . DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey of @entity1118 @entity1 at baseline assessment. SETTING: @entity158 management center in the North Central United States. @entity1 : Two hundred forty-two consecutive, chronic @entity158 @entity1 . INTERVENTIONS: Assessments of @entity1 -reported health-related quality of life (SF-36), @entity158 , @entity158 type and diagnoses, mental health diagnoses, and @entity1 demographics. OUTCOME MEASURES: SF-36 Health Survey, @entity158 diagnoses, and @entity308 diagnoses. RESULTS: Study @entity1 were 160 @entity1 (66%) and 82 @entity1 (34%), 95% Caucasian, whose mean age was 46 (+/-0.8 SD) years (range: 19-83). All types and diagnoses of @entity1118 were represented. The prevalence of major @entity308 was 52%. The type of @entity308 was highly correlated with SF-36 score (r=-0.567; P < 0.001). All @entity1118 @entity1 had very low SF-36 scores. Compared with U.S. population norms, @entity1118 @entity1 with and without @entity308 had significantly lower SF-36 scores as measured by z-scores. @entity1118 @entity1 with major @entity308 had a significantly lower Mental Composite Score t-score than those with minor or no @entity308 -34.1 and 47.6, respectively (P < 0.001). The positive predictive value of the SF-36 for differentiating @entity308 from minor or no @entity308 was 98% (sensitivity=84.4%, specificity=93.9%). CONCLUSIONS: The SF-36 Mental Composite Score and all subscales were highly correlated with @entity308 type in @entity1118 @entity1 . The positive predictive value of the SF-36 in classifying @entity308 type was high. The SF-36 may be a useful clinical tool to measure health-related quality of life in @entity1118 @entity1 . In addition, the SF-36 was able to detect @entity308 and demonstrate a dose-effect relationship between @entity308 type (severity) and health-related quality of life in @entity1118 @entity1 .

title: XXXX , @entity308 , and quality of life: correlations and predictive value of the SF-36.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS', 'men']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression', 'depressive disorder', 'depression', 'major depression']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic pain', 'chronic pain']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['noncancer pain', 'Interdisciplinary pain', 'pain']

answer: @entity1118 :: (MESH:D059350,Disease) :: ['Chronic pain']


abstract: A 37-year-old African-American male with @entity791 ( @entity791 ) presented with recurrent @entity662 . An upper @entity344 had been performed two months previously and esophageal biopsy revealed extensive @entity281 with @entity1066 . He temporarily responded to @entity2380 . Repeat biopsy revealed actinomyces and continued @entity281 . Review of the original biopsy also demonstrated actinomyces in addition to candida. After initial response to therapy with @entity114 , he worsened on outpatient therapy and subsequently expired from progression of disease. Lack of compliance may have been contributary. To date, 8 @entity1 with esophageal @entity5850 have been reported, five of whom had @entity791 . Of the remaining three, none was otherwise immunocompromised. This is the first report of esophageal @entity5850 occurring as a superinfection of candidal @entity1066 . We also describe the findings and utility of thoracic CT in this condition and review the literature.

title: Esophageal XXXX : a case report and review of the literature.

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['chest pain']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2380 :: ('MESH:D015725', 'Chemical') :: ['fluconazole']

entities_list: @entity114 :: ('MESH:D010406', 'Chemical') :: ['penicillin']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulceration']

entities_list: @entity5850 :: ('MESH:D000196', 'Disease') :: ['actinomycosis']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal endoscopy']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['candidal infection']

entities_list: @entity791 :: ('MESH:D000163', 'Disease') :: ['acquired immunodeficiency syndrome', 'AIDS']

answer: @entity5850 :: (MESH:D000196,Disease) :: ['actinomycosis']


abstract: This study investigated the maximum tolerated dose of @entity11730 based on the frequency of its dose-limiting @entity137 (DLT) with concurrent radiotherapy in @entity1 with locally advanced @entity788 . @entity11730 was administered orally at escalating doses from 50 to 80 mg m(-2) b.i.d. on the day of irradiation during radiotherapy. Radiation therapy was delivered through four fields as a total dose of 50.4 Gy in 28 fractions over 5.5 weeks, and no prophylactic nodal irradiation was given. Twenty-one @entity1 (50 three; 60 five; 70 six; 80 mg m(-2) seven @entity1 ) were enrolled in this trial. At a dose of 70 mg m(-2) @entity11730 , two of six @entity1 demonstrated DLT involving grade 3 @entity390 and @entity391 and grade 3 @entity548 , whereas no @entity1 at doses other than 70 mg m(-2) demonstrated any sign of DLT. Among the 21 enrolled @entity1 , four (19.0%) showed a partial response. The median progression-free survival time and median survival time for the @entity1 overall were 8.9 and 11.0 months, respectively. The recommended dose of @entity11730 therapy with concurrent radiotherapy is 80 mg m(-2) day(-1). A multi-institutional phase II trial of this regimen in @entity1 with locally advanced @entity788 is now underway.

title: A phase I trial of XXXX with concurrent radiotherapy for locally advanced @entity788 .

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['haemorrhagic gastritis']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

answer: @entity11730 :: (5707,Gene) :: ['S-1']


abstract: The present study evaluated the effect of microwave irradiation on infective larvae of @entity8416 ( @entity8416 ) by the ultrastructure changes of the microwaved larvae (ML) using scanning electron microscope (SEM). The ML tested the ability to immunize @entity19 against a @entity281 with @entity8416 . For the optimal dose and the best route of immunization inducing protection against @entity281 , two doses were used; 300 _ 600 ML as one or two-dose regimen, each dose was given orally and intraperitoneally (IP). SEM revealed @entity16 in the form of distortion, loss of normal fold pattern and @entity308 or papillae protruded from their outer surface. After administration of the ML (orally or IP) to the non-infected control @entity19 , neither adults nor larvae were detected in the intestines or muscles respectively. This indicated loss of larvae infectivity after exposure to the microwave irradiation. Also, a significant protection against @entity281 with @entity8416 was demonstrated in experimental @entity19 immunized by ML, orally or IP. This was assessed by a statistically significant decrease in adult and muscle larval count, compared with the non-immunized infected control. Complete protection against both adults and larvae (100%) was achieved by IP injection of two doses of 600 ML, two weeks apart. The results suggested the feasible application of the microwave irradiation on meat for its decontamination from @entity8416 larvae. Such a method might be a promising a prophylaxis vaccine against @entity8573 in animals and/or @entity1 .

title: Immunization against XXXX using microwaved larvae of Trichinela spiralis.

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressions']

entities_list: @entity8416 :: ('6334', 'Species') :: ['Trichinella spiralis', 'T. spiralis']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['tegumental damage of the ML']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['challenge infection']

entities_list: @entity8573 :: ('MESH:D014235', 'Disease') :: ['trichinellosis']

answer: @entity8573 :: (MESH:D014235,Disease) :: ['trichinellosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIM: To assess safety of @entity3926 in converting persistent @entity955 (PAF) and flutter (AFL) to sinus rhythm (SR) without transesophageal echocardiography evaluation (TEE). METHODS: Consecutive @entity1 with PAF or AFL were included between 2012 and 2015. @entity3926 was used for 3 weeks before and 6 months after cardioversion. Left atrium area (LAA) and volume (LAV) were assessed in all @entity1 . Follow-up visits for major @entity299 occurred at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months. RESULTS: The study included 82 @entity1 (56 male, mean age 63.1  10.4 years), of which 45 had PAF and 37 AFL. In @entity1 with PAF, mean LAA was 30.3  5.3 cm   and LAV 114.4  31.5 ml; in those with AFL mean LAA was 26.5  4.2 cm   and LAV 97  24.9 ml at baseline. Forty nine @entity1 underwent uncomplicated electric cardioversion (38 with PAF and 11 with AFL), 11 @entity1 were pharmacologically converted to SR (7 with PAF and 4 with AFL), and 22 @entity1 with AFL underwent successful radiofrequency ablation. The mean CHA2DS2-VASc score was 2.96  1.39 (score>3, 58.6 %). No major @entity299 occurred during the follow up period of 19.4  9.5 months. CONCLUSIONS: Safe cardioversion using @entity3926 was achieved in this small group of @entity1 without the need for TEE.

title: Back to sinus rhythm from @entity955 : XXXX is safe without transesophageal control.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac events']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity3926 :: ('MESH:C554682', 'Chemical') :: ['Dabigatran', 'dabigatran']

answer: @entity3926 :: (MESH:C554682,Chemical) :: ['dabigatran']


abstract: Coadministration of @entity35867 with @entity1487 ( @entity1487 ) allows the oral absorption of small doses of @entity1487 , resulting in therapeutic plasma levels. A phase II clinical trial of this combination using a continuous dosing schedule was carried out in @entity1 with metastatic @entity14 . Fifty-three previously untreated @entity1 and 46 @entity1 who had received one prior regimen for metastatic disease were enrolled. @entity1 received 10 mg/m2 of @entity35867 and 1 mg/m2 of @entity1487 twice daily for 28 days, with cycles repeated after a 7-day rest until progression of disease or prohibitive @entity137 . Seven of 53 previously untreated @entity1 had an objective @entity5 response (13.2%): 1 complete response and 6 partial responses. The mean duration of response was 6.3 months. Only 1 of the 45 evaluable @entity1 in the previously treated group had a partial response, with no complete responses. The duration of response was 3 months. The median progression-free survival was 3.4 months for the previously untreated group and 2.5 months for the previously treated group. Median overall survival was 11.1 months for the previously untreated group and 9.0 months for the previously treated group. Hematologic @entity137 was infrequent, with 3 @entity1 experiencing grade 3 @entity137 . Incidence of grade 3/4 @entity137 included 11 @entity1 with @entity294 , 5 with @entity390 , and 4 with @entity391 . Other common @entity137 included @entity417 and @entity3136 , but they were generally mild. This regimen is well tolerated and shows activity in previously untreated @entity1 with metastatic @entity14 that is similar to that observed with other @entity1487 -based regimens. This regimen has not shown to be effective in @entity1 who have had prior chemotherapy.

title: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group phase II trial (E4296) of oral @entity1487 and @entity35867 as a 28-day regimen in metastatic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity3136 :: ('MESH:D013280', 'Disease') :: ['stomatitis']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity35867 :: ('MESH:C073482', 'Chemical') :: ['eniluracil']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: AIMS: To determine the prevalence of @entity989 and its associations in @entity1 diagnosed clinically with @entity164 2 @entity6 and serum antibodies to @entity367 decarboxylase (GADA) from a community-based sample. METHODS: In a case-control design, 24 GADA-positive @entity164 2 @entity1 from the Fremantle @entity6 Study (FDS) cohort were recruited and matched as closely as possible for age, sex and @entity6 duration with 72 GADA-negative @entity164 2 @entity1 from the FDS. Each @entity1 had a detailed clinical and biochemical assessment including slit lamp biomicroscopy and colour fundus photography with Wisconsin Epidemiologic Study of @entity6 (WESDR) grading. RESULTS: The GADA-positive @entity1 had a significantly higher HbA1c (median (interquartile range); 8.4 (7.3, 9.6)%) than those who were GADA-negative (7.2 (6.5, 8.1)%: P = 0.002). The overall prevalence of @entity989 amongst the 96 subjects was 26.0%. The majority (92%) of the @entity989 detected was mild and non-proliferative. GADA-positive @entity1 had double the @entity989 prevalence of the GADA-negative group (41.7% vs. 20.8%; P = 0.044). In a logistic regression model, @entity6 duration, HbA1c, systolic blood pressure and current smoking were each significantly and independently predictive of @entity989 (P < 0.025), but GADA status was not. CONCLUSIONS: These data show that GADA-positive @entity1 have an increased prevalence of @entity989 compared with GADA-negative controls with @entity164 2 @entity6 from an urban Australian community. This increased prevalence is due mainly to relatively poor glycaemic control in the GADA-positive group.

title: XXXX in latent autoimmune @entity6 of adults: the Fremantle @entity6 Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetes', 'Diabetic Retinopathy', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity367 :: ('CHEBI:18237', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamic acid']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['retinopathy']

answer: @entity989 :: (MESH:D012164,Disease) :: ['Retinopathy']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare outcomes of @entity1 with neoplastic @entity1745 ( @entity1745 ) to outcomes of @entity1 with traumatic @entity1566 ( @entity1566 ) after inpatient rehabilitation. DESIGN: A comparison between @entity1 with a diagnosis of neoplastic @entity1745 admitted to an @entity1566 rehabilitation unit and @entity1 with a diagnosis of traumatic @entity1566 admitted to the regional Model @entity1566 Centers over a 5-year period, controlling for age, neurologic level of injury, and American @entity3510 Association impairment classification. SETTING: Tertiary university medical centers. @entity1 : Twenty-nine @entity1 with neoplastic @entity1745 and 29 @entity1 with @entity1566 of traumatic etiology who met standard rehabilitation admission criteria. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Acute and rehabilitation hospital length of stay (LOS), @entity177 ( @entity177 ) scores, @entity177 change, @entity177 efficiency, and discharge rates to home. RESULTS: @entity1 with neoplastic @entity1745 had a significantly (p < .01) shorter rehabilitation LOS than those with traumatic @entity1566 (25.17 vs 57.46 days). No statistical significance was found in acute care LOS. Motor @entity177 scores on admission were higher in the neoplastic group, but discharge @entity177 scores and @entity177 change were significantly lower. Both groups had similar @entity177 efficiencies and community discharges. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with neoplastic @entity1745 can achieve rates of functional gain comparable to those of their counterparts with traumatic @entity1566 . While @entity1 with traumatic @entity1566 achieve greater functional improvement, @entity1 with neoplastic @entity1745 have a shorter rehabilitation LOS and can achieve comparable success with discharge to the community.

title: Neoplastic versus traumatic XXXX : an outcome comparison after inpatient rehabilitation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity3510 :: ('MESH:D013124', 'Disease') :: ['Spinal Injury']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['FIM', 'Functional Independence Measure']

entities_list: @entity1745 :: ('MESH:D013117', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord compression', 'SCC']

entities_list: @entity1566 :: ('MESH:D013119', 'Disease') :: ['Spinal Cord Injury', 'spinal cord injury', 'SCI']

answer: @entity1566 :: (MESH:D013119,Disease) :: ['spinal cord injury']


abstract: RATIONALE: The @entity35 carotid @entity130 ( @entity130 ) model is a widely used model of @entity1373 ( @entity1373 ) and vascular remodeling. A variable degree of @entity1373 after @entity130 has been previously reported, and we have encountered technical challenges and suboptimal results with the original method. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the original @entity35 carotid artery @entity130 method with the use of micro-angiography. We tested the hypothesis that in order to obtain an optimal arterial response, @entity130 should be limited to the common carotid artery with preservation of blood flow. METHODS AND RESULTS: The left common carotid artery (CCA) was injured by one of three different methods. Carotid angiograms and pathology were examined 14 days after @entity130 . A 2F Fogarty balloon catheter inflated to 2 atm inside the aortic arch would not slide back into the common carotid artery until deflation to 0.5 to 0.7 atm. Four out of five (80%) vessels injured with this method developed excessive @entity32 without discernible @entity1373 . Six out of nine (66%) arteries that underwent @entity130 limited to the CCA at 2 atm developed the largest angiographic @entity850 (p=0.003) and @entity1373 (0.20  0.03 mm(2), p=0.028). Ten out of eleven (91%) arteries injured with a variable pressure of 1.5 to 2.2 atm, based on the operator's feedback, developed considerable @entity1373 (0.12  0.02 mm(2)). All injured carotid arteries with preserved blood flow on angiography developed @entity1373 with intact histological boundaries. CONCLUSIONS: Optimal @entity1373 with preservation of histological boundaries is achieved by graded @entity130 limited to the CCA that preserves carotid blood flow.

title: Angiographic evaluation of the XXXX carotid @entity130 model.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1373 :: ('MESH:D006965', 'Disease') :: ['IH', 'intimal hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['balloon-injury', 'BI']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: There is increasing evidence that stenting is a useful strategy for internal carotid artery (ICA) @entity850 in @entity1 unfit for drastic surgery. However, it should be remembered that perioperative complications including @entity410 or @entity1779 due to hyperperfusion are not so rare. The authors describe a case with @entity543 , who successfully underwent stenting as a result of intensive medical care for postoperative hyperperfusion. A 77-year-old @entity1 with a recent history of @entity951 and transient @entity63 attack was referred to our hospital. Cerebral angiography showed @entity432 of the left ICA. SPECT/PET studies revealed a disturbed reactivity to @entity3791 and an increase in regional @entity26 extraction fraction in the left hemisphere, suggesting a marked reduction in cerebral perfusion pressure. He successfully underwent carotid stenting. Intraoperative near-infrared monitoring showed an increase in the concentration of total and oxidized hemoglobin in the left frontal area after stenting. A SPECT study just after stenting also demonstrated hyperperfusion in the left middle cerebral artery territory. His blood pressure was carefully controlled to avoid " @entity751 " including @entity10 , @entity410 and @entity1779 . Follow-up SPECT/PET studies showed a normalization of hemodynamic and metabolic parameters. SPECT/PET studies are quite valuable to predict and prevent @entity751 after carotid stenting, and result in good clinical outcome.

title: [Normalization of cerebral hemodynamics and metabolism after carotid stenting in XXXX unfit for major surgery].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'man']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity3791 :: ('MESH:D000086', 'Chemical') :: ['acetazolamide']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity951 :: ('MESH:D000787', 'Disease') :: ['angina pectoris']

entities_list: @entity751 :: ('MESH:D013577', 'Disease') :: ['hyperperfusion syndrome']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['subtotal occlusion']

entities_list: @entity543 :: ('MESH:D016893', 'Disease') :: ['severe ICA stenosis']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['intracerebral hemorrhage']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recent evidence has highlighted the importance of the neurosurgeon in the management of @entity5 , but most reports are from major centres. AIMS: To audit the surgical outcome of @entity1 with @entity2012 and @entity699 treated in a small centre (Christchurch, New Zealand) by a dedicated neurosurgeon with an interest in @entity4611 , and follow-up through an outpatient Department of Endocrinology. METHODS: All cases of @entity2012 and @entity699 admitted for surgery in Christchurch Hospital between 1984 and 2000 were audited. Data concerning preoperative findings, surgical remission rate, complications and follow-up were obtained from 44 @entity1 (28 @entity2012 , 16 @entity699 ). RESULTS: Of the 28 acromegalic @entity1 , 14 @entity1 (50%) had a mean growth hormone level <2.5 micro g/L within the first postoperative week. Of the 15 @entity699 @entity1 in whom the pituitary fossa was explored, 13 @entity1 (87%) entered a postoperative remission, defined as an 08.00 h @entity701 <200 nmol/L (normal range 250-800 nmol/L). No perioperative @entity204 occurred. Two of the 43 @entity1 (4.7%) developed permanent @entity2010 , while eight of the 28 @entity1 who were operated on for @entity2012 (29%) eventually required some replacement treatment for @entity4614 during follow-up (one presented with apoplexy and seven were treated with postoperative radiotherapy). CONCLUSION: In a small centre with a dedicated pituitary surgeon, operative remission rates approach those obtained in larger, more specialized centres. However, given New Zealand's small, but geographically spread population, consideration should be given to establishing one or two units for the surgical management of @entity977 .

title: Outcome from surgical management of XXXX in Christchurch, New Zealand.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['secretory pituitary tumours']

entities_list: @entity699 :: ('MESH:D003480', 'Disease') :: ["Cushing's disease"]

entities_list: @entity4611 :: ('MESH:D010900', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary disease']

entities_list: @entity2012 :: ('MESH:D000172', 'Disease') :: ['acromegaly']

entities_list: @entity4614 :: ('MESH:D007018', 'Disease') :: ['hypopituitarism']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity977 :: ('MESH:D010911', 'Disease') :: ['secretory pituitary adenomas']

entities_list: @entity2010 :: ('MESH:D003919', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes insipidus']

answer: @entity977 :: (MESH:D010911,Disease) :: ['secretory pituitary adenomas']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The development of @entity420 is generally closely associated with the presence of a specialised intestinal-type epithelium such as that found in @entity355 ( @entity355 ). A particular histological condition is when the distal oesophagus showing @entity299 without intestinal metaplasia cannot be defined as 'Barrett's mucosa' [condition that we call 'columnar-lined oesophagus' (CLO)] and up till now, there has been no agreement in literature about the management of this condition. @entity875 overexpression leads to centrosome amplification, chromosomal instability and @entity2007 in @entity1 cells. @entity1 AND METHODS: A prospective study was carried out on 28 consecutive @entity1 who presented columnar mucosa above the gastro-oesophageal junction (GOJ) at endoscopy. As controls, two more biopsies were obtained, one on the normal-appearing squamous oesophagus above the GOJ, as far as possible from the columnar mucosa (controls A), and one taken 1 cm below the GOJ (controls B). The @entity875 and @entity876 expression levels were analysed respectively by Quantitative Real Time PCR and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Twelve @entity1 were affected by @entity355 (43%) while the other 16 @entity1 (57%) had a CLO. Nine of 28 (32%) cases were focally positive for @entity876 immunostaining. All the @entity355 / @entity16973 samples were positive for the @entity875 transcript with regard to controls. Furthermore, 13 of 28 (46%) cases showed overexpression (above the median for the whole group). CONCLUSION: Due to the low number of cases, we are not at present able to state that statistically significant quantitative differences in @entity875 messenger RNA expression exist between CLO and @entity355 cases with and without @entity1141 and @entity876 -positive immunostaining. Further studies on a larger number of cases with a follow-up period are necessary in order to establish the risk of progression and the correct management of these subjects.

title: XXXX overexpression as an early marker of reflux-related columnar mucosa and @entity355 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity2007 :: ('MESH:D000782', 'Disease') :: ['aneuploidy']

entities_list: @entity355 :: ('MESH:D001471', 'Disease') :: ["Barrett's oesophagus", 'BO']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac and/or fundic mucosa']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['oesophageal adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['dysplasia']

answer: @entity875 :: (6790,Gene) :: ['Aurora-A']


abstract: HISTORY AND ADMISSION FINDINGS: A 26-year-old @entity1 was admitted because of excessive @entity353 : her body mass index was 11.3 kg/m (2). She reported an adequate food intake and denied fear of gaining weight. INVESTIGATIONS: The leukocyte count on admission was 2.0/nl. Bone marrow biopsy showed gelatinous @entity236 with hypocellularity. Psychiatric examination and observation of the @entity1 's eating behavior revealed symptoms @entity1278 . DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT AND COURSE: Because of the diagnosis of @entity448 nervosa behaviour therapy was started. During the following months the @entity1 continually gained weight. But it took nine months for leukocyte count to be normal, by which time her body mass index had risen to 17.8 kg/m (2). CONCLUSION: Severe weight @entity1278 may lead to @entity1431 and gelatinous @entity236 . The abnormal leukocyte count can become normal by maintaining body weight within the normal range.

title: [Severe @entity1431 and @entity236 with gelatinous XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity448 :: ('MESH:D000855', 'Disease') :: ['anorexia']

entities_list: @entity1278 :: ('MESH:D000856', 'Disease') :: ['loss in anorexia nervosa', 'typical of anorexia nervosa']

entities_list: @entity1431 :: ('MESH:D007970', 'Disease') :: ['leukopenia']

entities_list: @entity236 :: ('MESH:D001855', 'Disease') :: ['bone marrow transformation']

answer: @entity1278 :: (MESH:D000856,Disease) :: ['transformation in anorexia nervosa']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity2220 cells harboring @entity470 ( @entity470 ) mutations are sensitive to @entity470 @entity669 kinase inhibitor (TKI). Acquired resistance to @entity470 TKI develops after prolonged treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the novel y secretase inhibitor @entity53405 on acquired resistance to the @entity470 TKI @entity4562 . We did not observe known mechanisms of acquired resistance to @entity470 TKI, including the @entity470 @entity9513 mutation and @entity74 in the @entity4562 -resistant @entity756 /AB2 cells. @entity53405 inhibited @entity10412 / @entity584 expression and sensitized @entity756 /AB2 cells to @entity4562 -induced @entity137 . In contrast, @entity53405 had no significant effect on @entity4562 sensitivity in @entity756 parental cells. Combined treatment with @entity53405 and @entity4562 induced high levels of apoptosis. Our in vivo studies showed that combined treatment of @entity4562 and @entity53405 inhibited the growth of @entity756 /AB2 xenografts. In conclusion, our data show that combined treatment of @entity4562 and y secretase inhibitors may be useful for treating @entity2220 harboring @entity470 mutations with acquired @entity4562 resistance. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: y secretase inhibitor @entity53405 reverses resistance to @entity470 inhibitor via the XXXX / @entity584 pathway in lung cancer.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity4562 :: ('MESH:C419708', 'Chemical') :: ['gefitinib']

entities_list: @entity470 :: ('1956', 'Gene') :: ['EGFR', 'epidermal growth factor receptor']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['MET gene amplification']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

entities_list: @entity2220 :: ('MESH:C538231', 'Disease') :: ['lung adenocarcinomas', 'Lung adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity10412 :: (5293,Gene) :: ['PI3K']


abstract: BACKGROUND: IL-17 family of cytokines and @entity1 @entity14283 play important and sometimes contradictory roles in autoimmune and @entity32 as well as @entity1 @entity5 . Different alleles of this cytokine family may differentially affect IL-17 secretion. We sought to investigate the association of @entity4155 , @entity4654 and @entity14283 gene polymorphisms with the susceptibility to @entity14 ( @entity14 ). METHODS: The @entity4155 @entity35309 ( @entity46572 ), @entity4654 @entity35310 ( @entity43414 ), @entity14283 @entity23790 and @entity14283 @entity66494 SNPs were detected in 202 @entity1 with @entity14 and 203 healthy age/sex matched controls by PCR-RFLP method. For evaluation of the functional relevance of these SNPs with @entity4155 and @entity4654 production, the serum levels of @entity4155 and @entity4654 were investigated in 107 and 109 @entity1 as well as 33 and 52 healthy individuals, respectively, by ELISA assays. RESULTS: The @entity4654 TT genotype [OR=0.44, 95% CI: 0.21-0.94, P=0.03] and T allele [OR=0.46, 95% CI: 0.21-1.1, P=0.03] were associated with a decreased risk of @entity14 compared with the TC genotype and C allele. Moreover, @entity4654 TT genotype was significantly associated with well differentiation in @entity5 (P=0.02). We also observed a significant association between the AG genotype of @entity4155 @entity46572 SNP with increased risk of @entity14 as compared to AA genotype (P=0.001). The @entity4155 concentrations in the sera of @entity1 with @entity14 were significantly elevated compared to healthy individuals (P=0.008), and serum level of @entity4155 was significantly related to @entity5 size (P=0.043). The A allele of @entity14283 @entity59628 polymorphism was marginally associated with increased @entity4155 levels in the sera of @entity1 (P=0.08). The genotype distributions of @entity14283 @entity23790 and @entity14283 @entity59628 SNPs were not significantly different between @entity14 @entity1 and controls. The haplotypes of @entity4155 @entity46572 / @entity4654 @entity43414 and @entity14283 were not significantly associated with @entity14 . No @entity4654 was detected in the sera of @entity1 and only one healthy individual had @entity4654 in his serum. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that the T allele of @entity4654 @entity43414 polymorphism may be involved in reduced risk of @entity14 and @entity4155 may be an attractive target for @entity14 immunotherapy.

title: Interleukin-17FT7488 allele is associated with a decreased risk of @entity14 and XXXX progression.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory diseases']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer', 'CRC']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumor']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Group II subfamily secretory phospholipases A(2) ( @entity18471 ) are the enzymes that can play a major role in @entity32 . However, the presence of group II subfamily @entity18471 in @entity1 sinonasal mucosa and their roles in @entity102 ( @entity102 ) are not well known. The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression of group II subfamily @entity18471 in @entity1 sinonasal mucosa from controls and @entity102 @entity1 with and without @entity480 ( @entity480 ) and the regulation of expression by proinflammatory cytokines. METHODS: Surgical samples were investigated by means of reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for evaluation of group II subfamily @entity18471 mRNA expression, and the presence and location of group II subfamily @entity18471 -positive cells were analyzed by means of immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, nasal explant culture and quantitative RT-PCR techniques were used to investigate the effect of @entity1356 and @entity5 @entity39 factor (TNF)-alpha on group II subfamily @entity18471 mRNA production in sinonasal mucosa. RESULTS: Messenger RNA expression of @entity7098 )-IIA, -IID, and -IIE was significantly upregulated in tissues from @entity102 @entity1 compared with control tissues. Among @entity102 @entity1 , @entity1 without @entity480 showed significantly stronger expression in sinonasal mucosa than @entity1 with @entity480 of @entity7098 )-IIA mRNA, and weaker expression of @entity64007 mRNA. Immunohistochemistry revealed enhanced protein expression of type II @entity18471 and specific type IIA @entity7098 ) in epithelial cells and submucosal glands in samples from @entity102 @entity1 . Stronger type IIA @entity7098 ) protein expression was found in samples from @entity102 @entity1 without @entity480 when compared with @entity480 . Nasal explant culture experiments demonstrated that mRNA expression of @entity7098 )-IIA, -IID, and -IIE was dramatically induced by @entity1356 and @entity310 . CONCLUSIONS: The expression of some members of group II subfamily of @entity18471 is upregulated in @entity102 and it may result from @entity1356 and @entity310 overexpression. Different individual group II subfamily @entity18471 may play different roles in the pathogenesis of @entity102 with and without @entity480 .

title: Group II subfamily secretory phospholipase A2 enzymes: expression in XXXX with and without @entity480 .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1356 :: ('3553', 'Gene') :: ['IL-1beta', 'interleukin (IL)-1beta']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic rhinosinusitis', 'CRS']

entities_list: @entity480 :: ('MESH:D009298', 'Disease') :: ['NPs', 'nasal polyps']

answer: @entity102 :: (MESH:D002908,Disease) :: ['chronic rhinosinusitis']


abstract: The heart continuously adapts to adjust its output to a continuum of pathophysiological situations ensuring adequate blood distribution. These situations range from high performance in well-trained athletes to failure in a variety of @entity299 . Changes in the concentration of intracellular @entity141 ([ @entity141 ]i) are crucial. They have immediate and late effects that can be oversimplified as follows. Immediate effects result from abrupt and large variations in [ @entity141 ]i triggering contraction after binding to the contractile proteins. These variations are involved in the process known to as excitation-contraction (EC) coupling. In contrast, the late effects involve a process that is, by analogy, referred to as excitation-transcription (ET) coupling. This process involves activation of gene expression by @entity141 . In this scheme, specific and localised elevations of @entity141 can be converted into changes in gene expression with long-term effects on the adaptation of the heart to a sustained stimulus. There is emerging evidence of an extraordinary diversity of responses, depending on the location, intensity, and duration of @entity141 signals that can be activated during pathology. Whereas alterations of cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying chronic pathology are relatively well defined, the initial changes and their hierarchy are unknown. However, the actual picture suggests promising perspectives for new therapeutic interventions on old targets or new strategies. Some of these aspects are reviewed here.

title: New perspectives on the key role of calcium in the progression of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac syndromes']

answer: @entity299 :: (MESH:D006331,Disease) :: ['heart disease']


abstract: AIMS: Inappropriate shocks have been an important issue @entity737 ( @entity737 ) implantation. Moreover, inappropriate @entity737 shocks are associated with increased mortality. The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of catheter ablation therapy for @entity4710 ( @entity4710 ) responsible for inappropriate @entity737 shocks. METHODS AND RESULTS: Among 108 consecutive @entity1 who underwent @entity737 implantations, 22, 5, and 3 experienced inappropriate @entity737 shocks due to @entity4710 , @entity7129 , and T-wave oversensing, respectively. Among the 22 @entity1 with @entity4710 , 18 @entity1 (55    10 years, 15 @entity1 , structural @entity299 in 9) underwent catheter ablation of @entity4710 causing inappropriate shocks. The median duration between the @entity737 implantation and first inappropriate shock was 10.0 (3.0-24.5) months. The @entity4710 were @entity955 ( @entity955 ), @entity956 ( @entity956 ), and @entity2917 reentrant @entity591 in 14, 2, and 2 @entity1 , respectively. One @entity1 underwent an @entity2917 for persistent @entity955 associated with a @entity1211 . Among 13 @entity1 who underwent pulmonary vein antrum isolation, 10 (76.9%) were free from @entity955 for a median of 21.0 (13-37.3) months after an average of 1.3    0.5 procedures. In four @entity1 with @entity956 or a @entity4710 , none had any @entity943 recurrence for a median of 6.0 (3.3-93.5) months after a cavotricuspid isthmus or slow pathway ablation, respectively. There were no procedural complications. During the median follow-up of 19.0 (9.5-37.3) months after the last procedure, no @entity1 experienced any inappropriate shocks. CONCLUSION: Catheter ablation is a feasible therapeutic option for treating @entity4710 responsible for inappropriate shock(s) in @entity1 with @entity737 .

title: Catheter ablation of XXXX causing inappropriate implantable cardioverter-defibrillator shocks.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity2917 :: ('MESH:D013611', 'Disease') :: ['atrioventricular nodal', 'atrioventricular nodal ablation']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmia']

entities_list: @entity737 :: ('MESH:D057873', 'Disease') :: ['post-implantable cardioverter-defibrillator', 'ICD']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['venous anomaly']

entities_list: @entity956 :: ('MESH:D001282', 'Disease') :: ['atrial flutter', 'AFL']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation', 'AF']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart disease']

entities_list: @entity4710 :: ('MESH:D013617', 'Disease') :: ['supraventricular tachycardia', 'atrial tachyarrhythmias', 'ATa']

entities_list: @entity7129 :: ('MESH:D013616', 'Disease') :: ['sinus tachycardia']

answer: @entity4710 :: (MESH:D013617,Disease) :: ['atrial tachyarrhythmias']


abstract: @entity13695 ( @entity13695 ) has been implicated in the @entity32 of chronic @entity3617 (CB), but it is unclear which of its isoforms, 15-LOa or 15-LOb, is primarily involved. To detect @entity13695 gene (mRNA) and protein expression, we have applied in situ hybridization (ISH) and immunohistochemistry (IHC), respectively, to bronchial biopsies obtained from 7 healthy nonsmokers (HNS), 5 healthy smokers (HS), and 8 smokers with CB, and additionally include the airways of lungs resected from 11 @entity10094 ( @entity10094 ) and 11 smokers with CB. Compared with HNS, biopsies in CB demonstrated increased numbers of 15-LOa mRNA+ cells (median: HNS = 31.3/mm(2) versus CB = 84.9/mm(2), P < 0.01) and protein+ cells (HNS = 2.9/mm(2) versus CB = 32.1/mm(2), P < 0.01). The HS group also showed a significant increase in protein+ cells (HNS = 2.9/mm(2) versus HS = 14/mm(2), P < 0.05). In the resected airways, 15-LOa protein+ cells in the submucosal glands of the CB group were more numerous than in the @entity10094 group ( @entity10094 = 33/mm(2) versus CB = 208/mm(2); P < 0.001). 15-LOa mRNA+ and protein+ cells consistently outnumbered 15-LOb by approximately 7- and 5-fold, respectively (P < 0.01). Quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction of complementary biopsies confirmed the increased levels of 15-LOa in CB compared with that in either HNS or HS (P < 0.05). There was no difference between the subject groups with respect to 15-LOb expression. The numbers of cells expressing mRNA for 15-LOa in CB showed a positive association with those expressing @entity3646 mRNA (r = 0.80; P < 0.01). We conclude that the upregulation of @entity13695 activity in the airways of HS and of smokers with CB primarily involves the 15-LOa isoform: the functional consequences of its association the upregulation of @entity3646 in chronic @entity3617 requires further study.

title: Gene expression and immunolocalization of XXXX isozymes in the airway mucosa of smokers with chronic @entity3617 .

entities_list: @entity3617 :: ('MESH:D001991', 'Disease') :: ['bronchitis']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity10094 :: ('MESH:D058070', 'Disease') :: ['asymptomatic smokers', 'AS']

answer: @entity13695 :: (246,Gene) :: ['15-lipoxygenase']


abstract: An experimental model was used to elucidate the basic mechanisms involved in the interaction of platelets with an artificial surface. The role of divalent cations and the involvement of specific platelet membrane receptors were evaluated. Isolated platelets were allowed to interact with a @entity852 surface for 20 min in the presence of divalent cations ( @entity141 , @entity1025 or @entity8862 ), a chelating agent (ethylenediaminetetraacetic, @entity1098 ), and specific antibodies to the main platelet receptors, glycoproteins (GP) Ib and IIb-IIIa. The degree of platelet interaction was evaluated using light and electron microscopy. Morphometric analysis was performed to follow up the progression of platelet shape changes after surface activation. Neither @entity141 nor @entity1025 influenced the number of adherent platelets or the degree of spreading on the polymer. Only @entity8862 induced a statistically significant increase in the rate of platelet adhesion (P<0.01) with higher proportion of fully spread platelets (P<0.01). Chelation of internal pools of divalent cations did not modify the rates of platelet adhesion but prevented platelet spreading. Presence of monoclonal antibodies to GPIb and @entity1427 -IIIa did not result in significant differences in the studied parameters. These results suggest that platelet adhesion onto artificial surfaces, in the absence of flow and plasma proteins, is more dependent on cellular motility, where @entity8862 could play an important role, and less dependent on major receptorial mechanisms.

title: Platelet adhesion onto a XXXX surface under static conditions: role of specific platelet receptors and effect of divalent cations.

entities_list: @entity852 :: ('MESH:D011137', 'Chemical') :: ['polystyrene']

answer: @entity852 :: (MESH:D011137,Chemical) :: ['polystyrene']


abstract: @entity6146 ( @entity13799 ), the major metabolite of @entity1508 , was assayed by a newly developed isotachophoretic technique. This technique has several advantages over the presently used methods of analysis. It requires no special preparation of urine or blood samples. The sample volume is small (5--100 microliters) and the analysis time is short (30--90 min per sample). In addition, the method provides an analysis that is both qualitative and quantitative over a wide range of concentrations (from 2 nanomoles in 200 microliters to 200 nanomoles in 5 microliters). In this study, the assay was performed using @entity5828 (0.001 M) in 1 per cent Triton X-100, titrated with @entity11057 to a pH value of 3.6--3.9 as the leading electrolyte and @entity35799 (0.01 M) as the terminal electrolyte (50--100 muA migration current). Using this technique, daily urinary @entity13799 excretion of seven @entity1 was measured during @entity1508 anesthesia and for 14 days postoperatively. The @entity13799 values were highest on the second postoperative day (317--1,259 mg). The mean values of the urinary @entity13799 excreted during the entire study (2,501 +/- 493 mg, mean +/- SEM) were much higher than those reported previously. The isotachophoretic technique provides a sensitive assay for future research into the biotransformation of @entity1508 .

title: Quantitative analysis of XXXX in the urine and blood by isotachophoresis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6146 :: ('MESH:D014269', 'Chemical') :: ['Trifluoroacetate']

entities_list: @entity1508 :: ('MESH:D006221', 'Chemical') :: ['halothane']

entities_list: @entity35799 :: ('MESH:C037652', 'Chemical') :: ['n-caproic acid']

entities_list: @entity11057 :: ('CHEBI:16958', 'Chemical') :: ['beta-alanine']

answer: @entity6146 :: (MESH:D014269,Chemical) :: ['trifluoroacetate']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Radiotherapy and @entity786 -induced @entity548 are rare but severe complications occurring in 3-6% of @entity1 . Hyperbaric @entity26 treatment (HBOT) has been demonstrated to be an effective treatment for haematuria not responding to conventional management. Only very few data exist for long-term follow-up after HBOT. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 15 @entity1 referred for HBOT for @entity548 ( @entity548 ). HBOT was performed for 130  min/day at a pressure of 2.4 atmospheres. We evaluated @entity1 demographics, type of radio- and chemotherapy and characteristics of haematuria. The effect of HBOT was defined as complete or partial resolution of @entity811 according to the RTOG/EORTC grade and Gray score. RESULTS: A total of 15 @entity1 (12 after radiotherapy, two after chemotherapy and one @entity1 with a combination of both) were treated with a median of 34 HBO treatments. Radiotherapy @entity1 received primary, adjuvant, salvage and HDR radiotherapy (60 - 78  Gy) for prostate, @entity694 . The @entity1 with combination therapy and both of the chemotherapy @entity1 were treated with @entity786 . First episodes of haematuria occurred at a median of 48  months after completion of initial therapy. The first HBOT was performed at a median of 11  months after the first episode of @entity811 . After a median of a 68-month follow-up after HBOT, 80% experienced a complete resolution and two @entity1 suffered a singular new minor haematuria (p   <   0.00001). A salvage-cystectomy was necessary in one @entity1 . No adverse effects were documented. CONCLUSIONS: Our experience indicate that HBOT is a safe and effective therapeutic option for treatment-resistant radiogenic and chemotherapy-induced @entity548 . For a better evaluation prospective clinical trials are required.

title: Long-term experience of hyperbaric XXXX therapy for refractory radio- or chemotherapy-induced @entity548 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['HC', 'haemorrhagic cystitis']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity811 :: ('MESH:D006417', 'Disease') :: ['hematuria']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon or cervical cancer']

answer: @entity26 :: (MESH:D010100,Chemical) :: ['oxygen']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction of the knee is a painful procedure requiring intensive @entity282 management. This prospective study investigates analgesic quality after a femoral block as compared with intra-articular injection of local anesthetic. METHODS: Eighty @entity1 scheduled for elective ACL repair under general anesthesia were included in our study. Upon completion of surgery, the @entity1 were randomly assigned into 1 of 2 groups: femoral group (n = 40) received a femoral block with 20 mL 1% @entity1342 ; intra-articular group (n = 40) received 20 mL 1% @entity1342 injected intra-articularly. During the first 24 hours after surgery, all @entity1 received 2 g @entity11622 and 100 mg @entity7988 , intravenously. Additional postoperative @entity1337 was available with parenteral @entity1286 if required. Analgesic duration was defined as the time from end of surgery to the first requirement for a supplemental analgesic. Data collection included @entity1 demographics, visual analog scale (VAS) scores, analgesic duration, and @entity1286 use. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was used to compare the 2 groups. RESULTS: VAS score in the recovery room and during rehabilitation was higher in the intra-articular group than in the femoral group (P <.001). @entity1286 use was lower in the femoral group than in the intra-articular group (P <.001). Similarly, analgesic duration was longer in the femoral group than the intra-articular group (P <.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Compared with intra-articular injection of local anesthetic, femoral @entity616 (FNB) provides better @entity1337 and allows a significant @entity1286 -sparing effect after ACL repair.

title: XXXX provides superior @entity1337 compared with intra-articular @entity1342 after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

entities_list: @entity7988 :: ('MESH:D007660', 'Chemical') :: ['ketoprofen']

entities_list: @entity11622 :: ('MESH:C063776', 'Chemical') :: ['propacetamol']

entities_list: @entity1337 :: ('MESH:D000699', 'Disease') :: ['analgesia']

entities_list: @entity1342 :: ('MESH:C037663', 'Chemical') :: ['ropivacaine']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine', 'Morphine']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative pain']

entities_list: @entity616 :: ('MESH:D006327', 'Disease') :: ['nerve block']

answer: @entity616 :: (MESH:D006327,Disease) :: ['Femoral block']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study aims to evaluate whether withdrawal of a soy oil-based lipid emulsion from the @entity3147 ( @entity3147 ) regimen in @entity1 is associated with improved @entity412 and liver enzyme concentrations. METHODS: In this retrospective study, @entity1 with @entity2298 (>4.50 mmol/L) while receiving @entity3147 were retrieved from a prospective complication registration database. @entity1 received Intralipid 20% as part of an all-in-one system containing all necessary macro- and micronutrients, electrolytes, trace elements, and vitamins. RESULTS: Forty @entity1 with @entity2298 were included. Lipid emulsions were withdrawn from the all-in-one mixture for a median of 5 (range, 1-23) days, after which @entity412 concentrations decreased significantly (mean difference -2.5    0.30 mmol/L, P < .001). @entity492 aminotransaminase and leukocyte count decreased significantly (mean difference -35    17 U/L, P = .049 and -3.8    1.7*10E9/L, P = .028, respectively), whereas albumin level increased significantly (mean difference 2.1    0.9 g/L, P = .027). @entity493 aminotransaminase showed a nonsignificant reduction (mean difference -30    22 U/L, P = .194). In 11 @entity1 , the lipid emulsion was reintroduced, after which @entity412 levels showed a significant increase (mean difference 1.5    0.30 mmol/L, P = .001). CONCLUSIONS: Short-term withdrawal of the lipid fraction in the @entity3147 mixture is associated with a significant reduction of plasma @entity412 concentration. Reintroduction was related to an increase of @entity412 concentration. In addition, liver enzyme abnormalities and leukocyte count reduced, whereas albumin levels increased, suggesting that even short withdrawal of the lipid emulsion diminished @entity16 .

title: Treatment of @entity2298 in @entity1 receiving XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'humans', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2298 :: ('MESH:D015228', 'Disease') :: ['hypertriglyceridemia']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['hepatocellular damage and systemic inflammation']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity492 :: ('CHEBI:29995', 'Chemical') :: ['Aspartate']

entities_list: @entity3147 :: ('MESH:D044342', 'Disease') :: ['parenteral nutrition', 'PN']

entities_list: @entity493 :: ('CHEBI:16449', 'Chemical') :: ['Alanine']

answer: @entity3147 :: (MESH:D044342,Disease) :: ['parenteral nutrition']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 with @entity1002 ( @entity1002 ) have higher rates of @entity943 recurrence following @entity955 ( @entity955 ) ablation. Past studies have implicated the posterior left atrium (LA) in @entity943 maintenance in conditions that cause @entity1002 . We prospectively compared posterior LA isolation (PLAI) with @entity19789 ( @entity19789 ) in @entity1 with @entity1002 having @entity955 ablation. METHODS: We conducted a sub-study of a previously published large randomized control study that compared PLAI with @entity19789 . Two hundred and twenty consecutive consenting @entity1 referred for catheter ablation of @entity955 (paroxysmal 135, persistent 48, long standing persistent 37) were recruited (female 43, mean age 59  10years). Transthoracic echocardiography identified 50 (23%) @entity1 with @entity1002 and preserved left ventricular systolic function (ejection fraction>= 50%). Cox regression analysis was utilized to identify independent predictors of @entity943 after ablation. RESULTS: @entity1 were followed for median 4.6 (inter quartile range 4.0-5.5) years. @entity1 with @entity1002 having PLAI had better @entity943 free survival than @entity1 randomized to conventional ablation (Log rank P=0.028). The only independent predictor of recurrence utilizing Cox regression analysis was ablation strategy (2.3 [1.15-4.74], P=0.026). CONCLUSION: Posterior isolation of the LA results in superior @entity943 free survival in @entity1 with @entity1002 . Further investigation is required to determine potential mechanisms. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: http://www.anzctr.org.au;ACTRN12606000467538.

title: Posterior left atrial isolation for XXXX in @entity1002 is associated with better @entity943 free survival.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity19789 :: ('MESH:D020252', 'Disease') :: ['WAI', 'wide antral isolation']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation', 'AF']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['atrial arrhythmia', 'arrhythmia']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['LVDI', 'left ventricular diastolic impairment']

answer: @entity955 :: (MESH:D001281,Disease) :: ['atrial fibrillation']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Antithrombotic treatment in @entity955 should be guided by the risk of @entity1031 events. Although practice studies have shown underutilization of antithrombotics, it is not clear whether physicians make use of @entity1031 risk stratification in their treatment decisions, as recommended in current guidelines. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to assess which clinical determinants influence @entity1524 and @entity117 prescription in @entity1 with @entity955 in primary care. METHODS: In a cross-sectional study of 15 computerized general practices covering 38 000 @entity1 in The Netherlands, we identified @entity1 with @entity955 using several search algorithms. Determinants of antithrombotic therapy were assessed using polytomous logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: A total of 247 @entity1 with @entity955 were identified among 10 335 @entity1 aged 55 years or over (prevalence 2.4%). Mean age was 77 years (range 55-95); 51% were male. Overall, 52% of the @entity1 used @entity1524 and 27% used @entity117 . About 50% of @entity1 were also treated by a cardiologist. Referred @entity1 were prescribed @entity1524 more often (63% versus 35%, P < 0.001). Prior @entity64 /transient @entity887 [adjusted odds ratio (OR) 5.3, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.1-24.8], and @entity712 (adjusted OR 2.1, 95% CI 0.8-5.1) were independent determinants for @entity1524 prescription. These associations were less strong for @entity117 prescription. However, other established risk factors for future @entity1031 events, such as @entity101 and @entity6 , did not lead to higher prescription rates. In contrast, several factors not associated with @entity1031 events, such as chronic (versus paroxysmal) @entity955 (adjusted OR 3.7, 95% CI 1.7-8.2) and longstanding (versus recent) diagnosis (adjusted OR 2.2, 95% CI 1.1-4.5), were also associated with higher @entity1524 prescription. CONCLUSION: These results illustrate that physicians' decisions about initiating antithrombotic therapy in @entity955 are not evidence based. They are guided partly by @entity1031 risk stratification, but also by factors insignificant for @entity1031 risk.

title: Is treatment of XXXX in primary care based on @entity1031 risk assessment?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['chronic heart failure']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity1524 :: ('MESH:C030123', 'Chemical') :: ['coumarin']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity887 :: ('MESH:D004617', 'Disease') :: ['ischaemic attack or systemic embolism']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['thromboembolic']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

answer: @entity955 :: (MESH:D001281,Disease) :: ['atrial fibrillation']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate clinical outcomes of first-line @entity34 ( @entity34 ) and @entity229 alone or late @entity34 in @entity7375 . METHODS: Retrospective cohort study of 152 @entity1 with @entity7375 evaluated in a referral @entity1596 clinic in Chile from 1985 to 2011. Medical records of these @entity1 were reviewed. Demographic data, clinical evaluation, type of treatment, functional outcomes, glucocorticoid (GC) dose and complications were recorded. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify prognostic factors of poor response to GC. RESULTS: There were no significant differences between first-line @entity34 group and @entity229 alone/late @entity34 group in terms of visual acuity (VA) improvement, complications and GC sparing effect. There was a trend for a higher frequency of systemic adverse effects leading to discontinuation of treatment in @entity1 receiving @entity34 than in those receiving @entity229 (14.6% and 6.5%, respectively). The subgroup of @entity1 with poor response to GC who showed functional improvement had a significantly earlier time to @entity34 initiation than the @entity1 who had no improvement. We identified following prognostic factors of poor response to GC: VA  <=20/200, @entity3217 , @entity102 and @entity392 at diagnosis. @entity1 with a prognostic factor (excluding @entity392 ) and VA improvement had an earlier @entity34 initiation than those who had worse functional outcome. CONCLUSION: There were no differences in outcomes between first-line @entity34 and @entity229 alone/late @entity34 in the entire VKH group. However, in a subset of @entity1 , there was a significant better functional outcome with earlier @entity34 initiation.

title: Earlier immunomodulatory treatment is associated with better visual outcomes in a subset of @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity3217 :: ('MESH:D015821', 'Disease') :: ['fundus depigmentation']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic disease']

entities_list: @entity392 :: ('MESH:D014012', 'Disease') :: ['tinnitus']

entities_list: @entity7375 :: ('MESH:D014607', 'Disease') :: ['Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease']

entities_list: @entity34 :: ('MESH:D016609', 'Disease') :: ['IMT', 'immunomodulatory therapy']

answer: @entity7375 :: (MESH:D014607,Disease) :: ['Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) are major risk factors for @entity715 . Other clinical factors exist in @entity1701 ( @entity1701 ) @entity1 which may have an additive or preventive effect on @entity715 . We therefore performed a cross-sectional study to analyse additive clinical thrombotic risk factors and possible preventive treatments in @entity1701 @entity1 , and to compare the results with those obtained in asymptomatic aPL-positive (no history of vascular @entity715 or pregnancy morbidity) @entity1 . METHODS: We identified 77 @entity1701 @entity1 with non-gravid thrombotic events (group A) and 56 asymptomatic aPL-positive @entity1 (group B). The study periods were defined as 6 months prior to the time of first vascular event in group A and 6 months prior to the @entity1 's last visit in group B. Medical records were reviewed to evaluate the incidence of @entity101 , @entity6 , hypercholesterolaemia, regular cigarette smoking, oral contraceptive use or hormone replacement therapy, surgical procedures, pregnancy with or without an @entity1701 -related event, @entity5 . In addition, any history of @entity882 or the use of @entity117 , @entity6383 , @entity288 or immunosuppressives during the study periods was recorded. Bivariate statistical analysis and logistic regression tests were performed to compare groups. RESULTS: In group A, 75% (n=58) of @entity1 and in group B 48% (n=27) of @entity1 had at least one of the additional risk factors during the study periods. In the bivariate analysis, pregnancy (P=0.005) and surgical procedures (P=0.04) were significantly more frequent in group A, while @entity117 (P<0.001), @entity6383 (P<0.001) and @entity288 (P=0.002) were used significantly more frequently in group B. In logistic regression, the probability of an event was decreased by taking @entity117 and/or @entity6383 . In @entity1 only, the probability of an event was increased with @entity882 and pregnancy or surgical procedures. The incidences of @entity101 and smoking and the presence of more than one risk factor were significantly associated with arterial @entity715 but not @entity49 . CONCLUSION: While traditional risk factors were similar between groups, pregnancy and surgical procedures increased the risk of @entity715 . @entity101 and smoking were associated with arterial events. Possessing a combination of risk factors may increase the occurrence of arterial @entity715 but not @entity49 . Use of @entity117 and/or @entity6383 may be protective against @entity715 in asymptomatic aPL-positive individuals.

title: A cross-sectional study of clinical thrombotic risk factors and preventive treatments in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'Hypertension']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy and infections']

entities_list: @entity49 :: ('MESH:D019851', 'Disease') :: ['venous thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity1701 :: ('MESH:D016736', 'Disease') :: ['APS', 'antiphospholipid syndrome']

entities_list: @entity6383 :: ('MESH:D006886', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxychloroquine']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity1701 :: (MESH:D016736,Disease) :: ['antiphospholipid syndrome']


abstract: Intrahepatic pylephlebitis was detected in 17 Japanese beef @entity291 . Grossly, the intrahepatic vessels in the caudate lobe and/or in the periphery of the other @entity99 were thickened and protruded above the lobar surface. The vessel lumina were packed with white to red, waste thread-like contents. A few immature flukes were found in the bile ducts in 3 of the 7 cases with biliary thickening. Foci of @entity99 and @entity548 were scattered around the thickened vessels in 8 cases. Histologically, the interlobular veins were thickened due to severe intimal @entity1373 with endothelial proliferation and eosinophilic accumulation and medial @entity1184 , accompanied by @entity82 and @entity1712 in the portal areas. Hepatic tissues with @entity39 and @entity548 were surrounded by eosinophils and histiocytes including a granulomatous reaction. One immature fluke was detected in one of these regions of @entity39 . Immunoperoxidase staining revealed that the small fluke, Kupffer cells, and histiocytes in the liver of all cases were positively stained with anti-Japanese Fasciola sp. antiserum. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of the sera of 15 cases revealed that all were positive for the anti-Fasciola antibody. On the basis of these findings, the present cases were regarded as an atypical form of @entity7736 , characterized by eosinophilic proliferative pylephlebitis of the liver.

title: Eosinophilic proliferative pylephlebitis in the liver of Japanese beef XXXX with @entity7736 .

entities_list: @entity1712 :: ('MESH:D004802', 'Disease') :: ['eosinophilic infiltration']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity1373 :: ('MESH:D006965', 'Disease') :: ['hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity7736 :: ('MESH:D005211', 'Disease') :: ['fascioliasis']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic lobes', 'hepatic necrosis']

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['cattle']


abstract: The current first-line and second-line drugs for @entity3964 @entity311 in South Sudan, @entity503 and @entity1484 (SP), were evaluated and compared with @entity16944 , in an MSF-Holland-run clinic in eastern Upper Nile, South Sudan from June to December 2001. @entity1 with uncomplicated @entity311 and @entity221 were stratified by age group and randomly allocated to one of 3 treatment regimes. A total of 342 @entity1 was admitted and followed for 14 d after treatment. The dropout rate was 10.2%. Of those who completed the study, 104 were treated with @entity503 (25 mg/kg, 3 d), 102 with SP (25 mg/kg @entity9230 and 1.25 mg/kg @entity4765 , single dose) and 101 with @entity16944 (25 mg/kg, 3 d). Adequate clinical response was observed in 88.5% of @entity1 treated with @entity503 , 100% of @entity1 treated with SP and 94.1% of @entity1 treated with @entity16944 . In @entity1 aged < 5 years, the success rate was lower: 83.3% for @entity503 and 93.0% for @entity16944 . In adults no treatment failures were found, but @entity1 aged 5-15 years showed intermediate levels. In addition, we determined the initial genotypes of dhfr and dhps of 44 isolates from the SP-treated group and > 80% were found to be wild type for dhfr and 100% for dhps. Two percent of isolates had a single mutation and 16% had double mutations of dhfr. These data are in full agreement with the clinical effectiveness of SP. A change in @entity311 treatment protocols for South Sudan is recommended.

title: @entity503 , @entity1484 and XXXX efficacy for the treatment of uncomplicated @entity3964 @entity311 in Upper Nile, south Sudan.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1484 :: ('MESH:C001205', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine']

entities_list: @entity9230 :: ('MESH:D013413', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfadoxine']

entities_list: @entity16944 :: ('MESH:D000655', 'Chemical') :: ['amodiaquine']

entities_list: @entity3964 :: ('5833', 'Species') :: ['Plasmodium falciparum']

entities_list: @entity503 :: ('MESH:D002738', 'Chemical') :: ['chloroquine']

entities_list: @entity4765 :: ('MESH:D011739', 'Chemical') :: ['pyrimethamine']

answer: @entity16944 :: (MESH:D000655,Chemical) :: ['amodiaquine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Unicameral (or simple) @entity2001 ( @entity29314 ) are @entity5 most often located in long bones of @entity1 and adolescents. @entity174 are common, and due to high recurrence rates, these lesions remain a challenge to treat. Numerous surgical procedures have been proposed, but there is no general consensus of the ideal treatment. The aim of this investigation therefore was to study the long-term outcome after surgical treatment in @entity29314 . METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 46 @entity1 surgically treated for @entity29314 was performed for short and mid-term outcome. Clinical and radiological outcome parameters were studied according to a modified Neer classification system. Long-term clinical information was retrieved via a questionnaire at a minimum follow-up of 10 years after surgery. RESULTS: Forty-six @entity1 (17 female, 29 male) with a mean age of 10.0    4.8 years and with histopathologically confirmed diagnosis of @entity29314 were included. @entity174 were observed in 21 cases (46%). All @entity1 underwent surgery for @entity29314 (35 @entity1 underwent curettage and bone grafting as a primary therapy, 4 curettage alone, 3 received corticoid instillation and 4 decompression by cannulated screws). Overall recurrence rate after the first surgical treatment was 39% (18/46), second (17.4% of all @entity1 ) and third recurrence (4.3%) were frequently observed and were addressed by revision surgery. Recurrence was significantly higher in young and in male @entity1 as well as in active cysts. After a mean of 52 months, 40 out of 46 cysts were considered healed. Prognosis was significantly better when recurrence was observed later than 30 months after therapy. After a mean follow-up of 15.5    6.2 years, 40 @entity1 acknowledged clinically excellent results, while five reported mild and casual @entity158 . Only one @entity1 reported a mild limitation of range of motion. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest satisfactory overall long-term outcome for the surgical treatment of @entity29314 , although short-and mid-term observation show a considerable rate of recurrence independent of the surgical technique.

title: Mid- and long-term clinical results of surgical therapy in unicameral XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['Pathological fractures']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['benign tumours']

entities_list: @entity2001 :: ('MESH:D001845', 'Disease') :: ['bone cysts']

answer: @entity2001 :: (MESH:D001845,Disease) :: ['bone cysts']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In-transit recurrence is a unique and uncommon pattern of treatment failure in @entity1 with @entity320 . Little information exists concerning the incidence, predictors, and natural history of in-transit disease since the introduction of @entity1600 ( @entity1600 ). METHODS: Between 1991 and 2001, 1395 @entity1 with primary @entity320 underwent @entity1600 . Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to examine the association among known clinicopathologic factors, in-transit recurrence, and distant metastatic failure after the development of in-transit disease. RESULTS: With a median follow-up of 3.9 years, 241 @entity1 (17.3%) experienced disease recurrence, including 91 (6.6%) who developed in-transit recurrence. Independent predictors of in-transit recurrence included age >50 years, a lower extremity location of the @entity5 , @entity92 , @entity1066 , and @entity1600 ( @entity1600 ) status. Of the 69 @entity1 who presented with in-transit disease as the sole site of first recurrence, 39 developed distant disease. By univariate analysis, predictors of distant failure among @entity1 with in-transit disease included @entity1600 status, largest metastatic focus in the @entity1600 >2.5 mm2, subcutaneous location of in-transit disease, in-transit @entity5 size > or = 2 cm, and a disease-free interval before in-transit recurrence of <12 months. In-transit @entity5 size remained a significant predictor of distant @entity3 by multivariate analysis (odds ratio, 9.69). CONCLUSIONS: The overall incidence of in-transit metastases in @entity1 undergoing @entity1600 is low and does not seem to have increased since the introduction of the @entity1600 technique. In-transit recurrence, as well as subsequent distant metastatic failure, can be predicted on the basis of @entity5 factors and @entity1600 status.

title: Predictors and natural history of in-transit XXXX after sentinel lymphadenectomy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'adverse tumor', 'primary tumor']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulceration']

entities_list: @entity1600 :: ('MESH:D014388', 'Disease') :: ['sentinel lymph node biopsy', 'sentinel lymph node', 'SLNB', 'SLN']

entities_list: @entity92 :: ('MESH:D007222', 'Disease') :: ['Breslow depth']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma']

answer: @entity320 :: (MESH:D008545,Disease) :: ['melanoma']


abstract: Lymphoedema of extremities is a major clinical manifestation of @entity3754 . Recurrent episodes of @entity697 ( @entity697 ) in these @entity1 lead to progression of the clinical condition. Studies have documented the effectiveness of regular limb hygiene in reduction in frequency and duration of @entity697 . However, no data is available on the effectiveness of limb hygiene alone on reduction of lymphoedema volume and locomotor function of the affected extremities. A total of 93 consecutive @entity1 visiting VCRC Filaria Clinic formed a cohort for the study. The limb hygiene kit was supplied monthly free of cost to the @entity1 . Assessments of @entity4 volume, frequency and duration of @entity697 and quantitative assessment of locomotor function were carried out at baseline and after 12 months of intervention. All the 93 @entity1 completed the follow-up. A total of 82 (88%) @entity1 practiced limb hygiene regularly. The practice was higher among @entity1 with higher grades of lymphoedema. The mean frequency of @entity697 reduced from pre-intervention level of 2.4 to 0.8 during 12-month period of intervention in grade I cases, from 3.4 to 1.2 in grade II and from 4.8 to 1.8 in grade III cases. The mean duration (in days) for each @entity697 episode was reduced from 4 at the rpe-intervention level and 2.5 during the 12-months intervention period. Though 'limb hygiene' practiced in domiciliary settings is feasible. Regular practices resulted in reduction of frequency and duration of @entity697 attacks. However, reduction in @entity4 volume or improvement the locomotor function was not observed during 12 month period.

title: Effect of domiciliary limb hygiene alone on lymphoedema volume and locomotor function in filarial lymphoedema XXXX in Puducherry, India.

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['oedema']

entities_list: @entity3754 :: ('MESH:D004605', 'Disease') :: ['lymphatic filariasis']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['ADLA', 'acute dermato-lymphangioadenitis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: RATIONALE: Heterogeneity in the septic response has hindered efforts to understand pathophysiology and develop targeted therapies. Source of @entity281 , with different causative organisms and temporal changes, might influence this heterogeneity. OBJECTIVES: To investigate individual and temporal variation in the transcriptomic response to @entity295 due to @entity298 , and to compare with community acquired @entity55 . METHODS: We performed genome-wide gene expression profiling in peripheral blood leukocytes for adult @entity1 admitted to intensive care with @entity295 due to @entity298 (n=117) or community acquired @entity55 (n=126), and non-septic controls (n=10). MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: A substantial portion of the transcribed genome (18%) was differentially expressed compared to controls, independent of source of @entity281 , with @entity22476 signaling the most enriched canonical pathway. We identify two @entity295 response signature subgroups in @entity298 associated with early mortality (p-value=0.01, hazard ratio=4.78). We define gene sets predictive of @entity6815 group, and serial sampling demonstrates subgroup membership is dynamic during ICU admission. We find @entity6815 is the major predictor of transcriptomic variation; a small number of genes (n=263) were differentially regulated according to the source of @entity281 , enriched for interferon signaling and antigen presentation. We define temporal changes in gene expression from disease onset involving phagosome formation, NK cell and @entity2772 signaling. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of the @entity295 transcriptomic response is independent of source of @entity281 and includes signatures reflecting immune response state and prognosis. A modest number of genes show evidence of specificity. Our findings highlight opportunities for @entity1 stratification and precision medicine in @entity295 .

title: Shared and Distinct Aspects of the Sepsis Transcriptomic Response to Fecal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['fecal peritonitis']

answer: @entity298 :: (MESH:D010538,Disease) :: ['Peritonitis and Pneumonia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity8923 ( @entity8923 ), a cytokine that plays an important role in the T-cell-helper response, acts as an angiogenic factor and a @entity5 suppressor. @entity5737 (regulated upon activation normal T-cells expressed and secreted) is a member of the C-C chemokine family with chemoattractant activity for a variety of cell types. High incidence and intensity of @entity5737 were noted in advanced @entity0 . AIM OF THE STUDY: To correlate the levels of @entity5737 and @entity8923 in serum of @entity0 @entity1 with bone or other organ @entity3 compared to @entity0 @entity1 without @entity3 and healthy controls and to estimate the role of each of them as a prognostic marker for the progression of the disease. @entity1 AND METHODS: The study was conducted on 60 @entity0 @entity1 (25 cases with no @entity3 and 35 cases with @entity3 ) who were admitted to the outpatient clinic of the NCI, Cairo University during the period from March 2004 to September 2004 and 30 apparently healthy controls who were volunteers at the blood bank of the NCI, Cairo University. RESULTS: Showed that there was a statistically significant difference between the level of @entity8923 in @entity0 @entity1 without @entity3 and the control group (p<0.05) while there was a highly significant difference between the metastatic group and the control group (p<0.001). There was a significant increase in @entity8923 levels between metastatic and non-metastatic cases (p<0.01). @entity5737 showed a significant @entity0 cases with no @entity3 and the control group (p<0.05) and it showed a highly significant increase in metastatic @entity1 compared to controls (p<0.001). There was no significant increase in the level of @entity5737 in metastatic compared to non-metastatic @entity1 (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: @entity8923 is an important non invasive marker suspecting @entity3 . Even though @entity5737 levels were higher in @entity5 @entity1 compared to controls, its role in staging of @entity0 was not clear in this study.

title: Importance of serum @entity8923 and XXXX as markers for @entity0 progression.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['increase in breast cancer', 'breast carcinoma', 'breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

answer: @entity5737 :: (6352,Gene) :: ['RANTES']