abstract: PURPOSE: @entity323 continues to be a significant problem for @entity1 after radical retropubic prostatectomy despite nerve sparing techniques. @entity7855 (Viagra) has proved effective for @entity323 in many @entity1 . We determine the efficacy of @entity7855 in @entity1 with @entity323 after radical retropubic prostatectomy and examine variables that may impact the response to treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 84 @entity1 were prescribed @entity7855 after radical retropubic prostatectomy and asked to complete a series of questionnaires, including the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF), on erectile function before and after @entity7855 administration. The importance of factors, such as @entity1 age, time since surgery, degree of cavernous nerve sparing, preoperative @entity1486 , Gleason score, clinical and pathological stage, and baseline postoperative erectile function, was examined. RESULTS: Of the 84 @entity1 45 (53%) had improved erections and 34 (40%) had improved ability for intercourse while taking @entity7855 . Mean IIEF score for the erectile function domain increased from 9 to 14 (p <0.001). Orgasmic function (p = 0.004) and intercourse satisfaction (p = 0.009) also significantly improved. The degree of nerve sparing and baseline postoperative @entity323 had a significant impact on the ability of @entity7855 to improve erectile function (p = 0.010 and p <0.001, respectively) and total IIEF questionnaire responses (p = 0.031 and p <0.001, respectively). Age and pathological stage also appeared to have a significant effect. CONCLUSIONS: @entity7855 improved erectile function and the ability to have intercourse in more than half of @entity1 after radical retropubic prostatectomy. Baseline postoperative erectile function, which is dependent on the degree of nerve sparing technique, significantly impacts the likelihood that @entity1 will respond to @entity7855 .

title: XXXX after radical retropubic prostatectomy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity323 :: ('MESH:D007172', 'Disease') :: ['erectile dysfunction', 'Erectile dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity7855 :: ('MESH:C101426', 'Chemical') :: ['sildenafil', 'Sildenafil', 'Sildenafil citrate']

entities_list: @entity1486 :: ('354', 'Gene') :: ['prostate specific antigen']

answer: @entity7855 :: (MESH:C101426,Chemical) :: ['Sildenafil citrate']


abstract: @entity7172 ( @entity7172 ) is the most common subtype of @entity259 with satisfactory prognosis. @entity4987 -like ( @entity31307 ) adaptor protein was identified in the development of many @entity189 . However, the clinical implications of @entity31307 protein in @entity7172 were still unknown. Here, we conducted immunohistochemistry to test and analyze @entity31307 expression in @entity3557 ( @entity3557 ) (50 cases), @entity7172 (50 cases), and @entity8170 (50 cases), and then western blot further identified the expression of @entity31307 proteins. In our present study, the positive rate and the mean optical density (MOD) value of @entity31307 expression in @entity3557 and @entity7172 tissues were statistically significantly different, compared with @entity8170 (p   =   0.021, 0.037) and normal thyroid tissues (p   =   0.003, 0.009), respectively. In addition, @entity31307 expression was not associated with age, gender, and @entity5 number. Conversely, significant differences between @entity31307 expression and @entity3 (p   <   0.01) and violation of capsule (p   <   0.01) were observed. Notably, western blot indeed identified that the @entity3 group of either @entity3557 or @entity7172 tissues had about twofold increased expression of @entity31307 compared with their non- @entity3 groups (p   <   0.05). In conclusion, @entity31307 is highly expressed in @entity3557 and @entity7172 and closely correlated to @entity3 . Therefore, it is essential to carry out neck lymph node clearance in @entity1 with @entity7172 .

title: The clinical implications of @entity4987 -like adaptor protein expression in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3557 :: ('MESH:C536915', 'Disease') :: ['papillary thyroid carcinoma', 'PTC']

entities_list: @entity8170 :: ('MESH:D006044', 'Disease') :: ['nodular goiter']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity7172 :: ('MESH:C563277', 'Disease') :: ['Papillary thyroid microcarcinoma', 'PMC', 'papillary thyroid microcarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity259 :: ('MESH:D013964', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid carcinomas']

answer: @entity7172 :: (MESH:C563277,Disease) :: ['papillary thyroid microcarcinoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe an unusual symptom characterized by an inability to stand still despite the ability to walk in eight @entity1 with paraparesis due to @entity1897 . DESIGN: Case series during the past 18 years. SETTING: Referral center. @entity1 : Six @entity1 with acute or subacute @entity305 recovering from flaccid paralysis of the lower limbs and two @entity1 with chronic progressive @entity305 for more than 10 years were studied. Weakness around the ankle joints was profound, while muscle strength around the @entity572 was well recovered or preserved. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Standing and walking were recorded and reviewed on videotape or motion pictures. Spectral content of postural sway was analyzed in three recent cases. RESULTS: The symptom was transient in acute or subacute cases and was continual in chronic cases. The @entity1 were compelled to take a series of steps forward and backward while standing until they initiated locomotion. They swayed rapidly around the @entity572 before stepping. The anteroposterior component of postural sway in three @entity1 had frequency peaks around 1 Hz. CONCLUSION: We have termed this symptom @entity13299 without abasia, or stilts phenomenon, in which maintenance of the body mass depends on a moving base of support. Both an abnormal pattern of postural movements and defective somatosensory feedback for postural stabilization may be responsible for the symptom.

title: @entity13299 without abasia due to XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity305 :: ('MESH:D011115', 'Disease') :: ['polyneuropathy', 'polyneuropathies']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity572 :: ('MESH:D006617', 'Disease') :: ['hip joints']

answer: @entity1897 :: (MESH:D010523,Disease) :: ['peripheral neuropathy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Currently, it is widely accepted that one of the crucial players in adult leukemic transformation is the @entity5316 gene. However, there is little data available regarding whether mutations in this gene also contribute to pediatric @entity1778 , especially in childhood @entity5 . Therefore we made a decision to screen @entity1 with @entity5 for the presence of @entity5316 mutations in their samples. PROCEDURES: @entity1 (n = 238) with diagnoses of de novo @entity3052 ( @entity3052 ) (n = 198), de novo @entity9713 ( @entity9713 ) (n = 16), therapy-related @entity3052 (n = 9), @entity12188 ( @entity12188 ) (n = 15) were included in this study. All @entity1 were Belarusians between the ages of 0 and 18 years. RESULTS: The frequency of @entity5316 point mutations in the total group of @entity1 with de novo @entity3052 was 3% and de novo @entity9713 was 15%. Cooperation of point mutations in the @entity5316 and @entity8497 genes, and the @entity2008 , -7/7q-, was demonstrated in @entity1 with therapy-related @entity3052 . @entity5316 point mutations predominate in those de novo @entity3052 and @entity9713 @entity1 with a normal karyotype in leukemic cells. Frequency of @entity5316 point mutations was about 4% in a group of @entity1 with de novo @entity3052 aged 0-14 years diagnosed during the period of 1998-2009. CONCLUSION: During the course of this investigation, valuable data were obtained concerning @entity5316 gene mutation frequencies in different clinical, morphological, and cytogenetic groups of @entity1 with @entity5 , and its cooperation with other molecular aberrations.

title: @entity5316 / @entity5316 gene point mutations in childhood XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2008 :: ('MESH:D002869', 'Disease') :: ['cytogenetic abnormality']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['myeloid malignancies', 'pediatric myeloid neoplasias']

entities_list: @entity12188 :: ('MESH:D054429', 'Disease') :: ['JMML', 'juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute myeloid leukemia', 'AML']

entities_list: @entity9713 :: ('MESH:D054437', 'Disease') :: ['MDS', 'myelodisplastic syndrome']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['myeloid malignancies']


abstract: PurposeTo assess the influence of dacryoscintillography (DSG) on the treatment decision for @entity1 with @entity9467 and clinically patent non-functioning lacrimal systems.MethodsA retrospective 3-year review. Inclusion: @entity1 having DSG for @entity9467 with delayed tear clearance, lacrimal system patency on syringing, and no visible external cause for watering. On the basis of regurgitation during syringing, tear ducts were divided into freely patent (FP<= 20%) or stenosed. The DSG results were examined for correlation with symptoms and clinical examination, the influence on decision to proceed to dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR), and the ability to predict the surgical outcome.ResultsA total of 242 eyes were examined. The clinical diagnosis was FP in 45.5%, @entity850 ( @entity850 ) in 26.4%, and other in 3.3%. The DSG was normal in 30.9% of FP and 18.7% of @entity850 eyes. Of the asymptomatic eyes, 46.7% had an abnormal DSG. DSG sensitivity was 73.6% and specificity 53.3%. There was no significant difference in DSG results in those with FP or @entity850 .DCR was recommended in 39.1% of the symptomatic eyes with abnormal DSG. DCR surgery was considered inappropriate in all 46 eyes with normal DSG. DCR was successful in 76.5%, however, the DSG result did not affect the success of surgery.ConclusionDSG has severe limitations due to lack of correlation with symptoms and clinical examination, inability to separate lacrimal duct narrowing from lacrimal pump function, and inability to predict the results of surgery. DSG can at best provide limited guidance on whether to proceed to DCR surgery.Eye advance online publication, 3 March 2017; doi:10.1038/eye.2017.20.

title: The value of lacrimal scintillography in the assessment of @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['NLDS', 'nasolacrimal duct stenosis']

answer: @entity9467 :: (MESH:D007766,Disease) :: ['epiphora']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The objective of this observational study was to determine whether there is an association between extubation success and @entity414 in @entity1030 @entity1 with mechanical ventilation admitted to the intensive care units, and identify the risk markers for extubation success in @entity1030 @entity1 with mechanical ventilation. METHODS: Consecutive @entity1030 @entity1 with intubation were screened at baseline. The study included @entity1 on mechanical ventilation (MV) for over 12 hours and who, in the process of weaning, were subjected to low-level pressure support. Exclusion criteria were age under 18 years, ventilation via tracheotomy, and @entity1 failing to cooperate for different reasons. The final study population consisted of 106 @entity1 . Demographic, clinical, laboratory, and mechanical ventilation parameters were carefully recorded. Logistic regression was used for the multivariate analysis of independent risk factors. RESULTS: @entity414 on admission, duration of mechanical ventilation, pressure support ventilation, and APACHE II score on admission were significantly higher in @entity1030 @entity1 with extubation failure than in those with extubation success (p < 0.05), but lower tidal volume before weaning was observed in @entity1030 @entity1 with extubation failure. Among these @entity1 , multiple logistic analyses indicated the independent risk factors for extubation success in the @entity1030 subjects included serum @entity414 level, APACHE II score on admission, and duration of mechanical ventilation. The diagnosis analysis showed that higher @entity414 level and APACHE II score on admission and longer duration of mechanical ventilation had a significant ability to reflect extubation success in the @entity1030 @entity1 with @entity1576 . CONCLUSIONS: The novel finding of this study is that the extubation failure in @entity1030 @entity1 with @entity1576 is strongly related to serum @entity414 level, APACHE II score on admission, and duration of mechanical ventilation. These results might be helpful for selecting the best time to remove the tracheal intubation and improving extubation success rate in @entity1030 @entity1 with @entity1576 .

title: Utility of @entity414 as a risk marker of extubation success in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease', 'COPD']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory failure']

entities_list: @entity414 :: ('MESH:D014527', 'Chemical') :: ['Uric acid', 'uric acid']

answer: @entity1030 :: (MESH:D029424,Disease) :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) are increased in subjects chronically treated for @entity101 . However, the relationships of BMI, WC and @entity209 ( @entity209 ) with central wave reflections and pulse pressure (PP) amplification have never been investigated. METHODS: A cohort of 517 treated @entity101 was studied cross-sectionally as function of BMI, WC and presence of @entity209 , the latter used as index of insulin resistance. In @entity1 and @entity1 , carotid wave reflections were evaluated using pulse wave analysis and augmentation index measurement. PP amplification between brachial and carotid arteries was determined as a vascular factor contributing to protect against an increased afterload. RESULTS: When compared to their own controls, treated @entity101 subjects with increased BMI, WC or @entity209 did not differ in terms of mean values of brachial and carotid blood pressure and augmentation index. However, they were characterized by @entity101 . Such results were independent of age, drug treatment, and traditional cardiovascular risk factors. After HR adjustment, the increased PP amplification observed in subjects with high WC or @entity209 became non-significant in @entity1 , but remained unmodified in @entity1 . The presence of beta-blockade did not modify the result. CONCLUSION: In treated @entity101 subjects, @entity1386 and insulin sensitivity influence independently PP amplification. The finding is observed mainly in @entity1 .

title: Pulse pressure amplification, XXXX and @entity209 in subjects under chronic antihypertensive therapy: the role of heart rate.

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['MS', 'metabolic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensives', 'hypertension', 'increased heart rate (HR) and PP amplification', 'hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity1386 :: ('MESH:D018205', 'Disease') :: ['adiposity']

answer: @entity1386 :: (MESH:D018205,Disease) :: ['adiposity']


abstract: In order to identify the oncogene associated with @entity1778 and @entity706 @entity1 were studied by FISH. Specific chromosome regions were translocated onto structurally abnormal chromosomes, resulting in partial tri-, tetra-, or pentasomy of these regions. We designated this type of chromosomal translocation as a "segmental jumping translocation ( @entity1347 )". These SJTs were found in several chromosomal regions such as 8q24, 9q34, 11q13, 11q23, 13q14, 14q24-q32, 21q22 and 22q11. The @entity1347 at 9q34, which involved the @entity12437 oncogene, was found in three of nine secondary @entity1778 @entity1 who were treated with anticancer drugs and radiation. @entity1893 and @entity3052 ( @entity3052 ) @entity1 had 3-7 copies of @entity1347 at 11q13 or 11q23. @entity1347 at 14q32 and 21q22 were predominantly detected in the acute type of @entity1619 (8 of 27 @entity1 ) and in @entity3052 (5 of 17 @entity1 ). The size of the @entity1347 regions varied among the @entity1 . The overlapping region within the @entity1347 could involve oncogene(s) associated with transformation to the advanced stage in @entity1778 and @entity706 @entity1 . The @entity1347 provides evidence of a new mechanism for gene amplification and formation of unidentified marker chromosomes in the @entity1442 stage.

title: Segmental jumping translocation in XXXX and @entity706 with a highly complex karyotype.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1619 :: ('MESH:D015458', 'Disease') :: ['adult T-cell leukemia']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma', 'malignant lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity1778 :: ('MESH:D007938', 'Disease') :: ['malignant transformation 141 leukemia', 'leukemia']

entities_list: @entity1442 :: ('MESH:D020178', 'Disease') :: ['advanced disease']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ["Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma"]

answer: @entity1778 :: (MESH:D007938,Disease) :: ['leukemia']


abstract: The isolated thoracic cord of a neonatal @entity35 in vitro generates tonic sympathetic activities in the splanchnic nerves. This tonic sympathetic nerve discharge (SND) has a prominent quasi-periodic oscillation at approximately 1-2 Hz. Bath application of @entity1027 and @entity1026 , which removes endogenous @entity1246 (A) and @entity2228 receptor activities, transforms the quasi-periodic tonic SND into synchronized bursts ( @entity62609 ). @entity5094 , another @entity1246 (A) receptor antagonist, also induces @entity62609 . Serial transections of the thoracic cord (T1-12) were performed to identify the cord segments responsible for these tonic and bursting SNDs. Removal of T1-5 did not affect tonic SND. Nerve-cord preparation with either T6-8 or T10-12 segments could generate a substantial amount of tonic SND that retained comparable oscillating patterns. On the other hand, removal of T1-5 significantly reduced @entity62609 amplitude without affecting its rhythmicity. Either T6-8 or T10-12 segments alone could generate @entity62609 . Mid-point transection of T6-12 at T9 might split @entity62609 rhythmogenesis, leading to the occurrence of @entity62609 that could be attributed to two independent oscillators. Our results demonstrated that three segments within the T6-12 cord were sufficient to generate a rudimentary tonic and bursting SNDs. The thoracic cord segments, however, are dynamically interacting so that a full size @entity62609 could only be produced with the intact thoracic cord.

title: Identification of active thoracic spinal segments responsible for tonic and bursting sympathetic discharge in neonatal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1026 :: ('MESH:D013331', 'Chemical') :: ['strychnine']

entities_list: @entity2228 :: ('CHEBI:57305', 'Chemical') :: ['glycine']

entities_list: @entity1027 :: ('MESH:D001640', 'Chemical') :: ['bicuculline']

entities_list: @entity5094 :: ('MESH:D010852', 'Chemical') :: ['Picrotoxin']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To calculate the short-term risk-benefit effect of occasional and regular use of low-dose aspirin ( <=100   mg/day) in primary prevention. STUDY DESIGN: Two retrospective cohort studies. SETTING: Taiwan. @entity1 : 63   788 and 24   910 @entity1 of two nationwide population-based studies were examined. METHODS: Two databases of 1   000   000 @entity1 were randomly sampled from data of Taiwan's National Health Insurance (NHI) for years 1997-2000 (NHI 2000) and 2005 (NHI 2005). In NHI 2000, 63   788 @entity1 30-95   years of age were found not to have previously been prescribed aspirin before 1 January 2000, but to have first been prescribed low-dose aspirin after that date. They were also found to be at risk of first hospitalisation for any major @entity455 including @entity548 (major @entity360 or @entity1779 ) and ischaemia ( @entity583 or @entity64 ) after their first prescription. We also applied it to NHI 2005, and the number of eligible @entity1 was 24   910. @entity1 prescribed low-dose aspirin for <20% of the days of a 60-day follow-up period were considered to be occasional users, and those prescribed low-dose aspirin for >= 80% of the days were considered to be regular users. Differences in rate of @entity548 and ischaemia between these users were used to calculate their net clinical risk. PRIMARY OUTCOME: @entity455 . RESULTS: In NHI 2000, the overall unadjusted rates of @entity548 and ischaemia were 0.09% and 0.21%, respectively, for occasional users and 0.32% and 2.30%, respectively, for regular users. Adjusted net clinical risk of low-dose aspirin use between the two groups was 2.24% (95% CI 2.03% to 2.48%; p<0.001). Similar results were also found in NHI 2005. CONCLUSIONS: Short-term regular use of low-dose aspirin might not be better than occasional use for preventing major @entity455 in primary prevention. Prescribing regular low-dose aspirin for primary prevention should be done with caution. Future studies should explore the risk-benefit effect of long-term low-dose aspirin use in primary prevention.

title: A short-term risk-benefit analysis of occasional and regular use of low-dose aspirin in primary prevention of XXXX : a nationwide population-based study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular diseases', 'Vascular diseases']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['ischaemic stroke']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['haemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['acute myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal haemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral haemorrhage']

answer: @entity455 :: (MESH:D014652,Disease) :: ['vascular diseases']


abstract: 1. Under normal experimental conditions, the @entity95 isolated distal saphenous artery appears to contain a homogeneous population of postjunctional alpha 1-adrenoceptors. @entity3159 competitively antagonized responses to @entity1063 (NA) with a pA2 value of 8.6, while a relatively high concentration of @entity3160 (1 microM), produced only a 2 fold rightward displacement of the NA cumulative concentration-response curve (CCRC). 2. Despite the fact that angiotensin II (AII) was without effect on responses to NA or @entity2647 in this preparation, this peptide made responses to NA less susceptible to the antagonistic action of @entity3159 . This was particularly evident on the lower portion of the CCRC for NA. These results suggest that in the presence of AII, NA produces contractile responses by an action mediated through a @entity3159 -resistant adrenoceptor. 3. An attempt was made to isolate a homogeneous population of postjunctional alpha 2-adrenoceptors by use of a receptor protection procedure involving the combination of @entity3160 and @entity5333 . After the protection protocol no responses were observed to the alpha-adrenoceptor agonists NA, @entity2647 or @entity16495 . In the presence of angiotensin II however, concentration-dependent contractions were observed to each of these agonists. Under these conditions the rank order of potency, @entity16495 greater than NA greater than @entity2647 , is consistent with that of an effect mediated through postjunctional alpha 2-adrenoceptors. 4. The responses to NA, after the protection protocol, in the presence of AII, were susceptible to the selective alpha 2-adrenoceptor antagonist, @entity3160 (1 microM), but resistant to the selective alpha 2-adrenoceptor antagonist @entity3159 (0.1 microM). Furthermore, the combination of @entity3160 (1 microM) and @entity3159 (0.1 I microM) was no more effective in blocking responses to NA than was @entity3160 (1 microM) alone. These results are consistent with the presence of a homogeneous population of postjunctional alpha 2-adrenoceptors. 5. Inducing a small degree of tone with a low concentration of the selective alpha 1-adrenoceptor agonist, @entity2647 , markedly increased the threshold sensitivity to the selective alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist @entity16495 , in a manner analogous to that seen with All. 6. The results in the present study indicate that responses mediated via postjunctional alpha 2-adrenoceptors in the @entity95 isolated distal saphenous artery are dependent upon a degree of vascular smooth muscle stimulation by some other receptor system. It is hypothesized that under normal experimental conditions, this function is fulfilled by stimulation of alpha l-adrenoceptors, while after alpha 1-adrenoceptor blockade the necessary positive influence can be provided by stimulation of All receptors. The implications for such an interaction between postjunctional alpha-adrenoceptor subtypes in demonstrating @entity3159 -resistant, @entity3160 - or @entity3160 -sensitive responses in isolated blood vessels is discussed.

title: Postjunctional alpha-adrenoceptors in the @entity95 isolated distal saphenous artery: indirect sensitivity to @entity3159 of responses to XXXX mediated via postjunctional alpha 2-adrenoceptors.

entities_list: @entity3160 :: ('MESH:D015016', 'Chemical') :: ['rauwolscine', 'yohimbine']

entities_list: @entity5333 :: ('MESH:D010643', 'Chemical') :: ['phenoxybenzamine']

entities_list: @entity2647 :: ('MESH:D010656', 'Chemical') :: ['phenylephrine']

entities_list: @entity3159 :: ('MESH:D011224', 'Chemical') :: ['Prazosin', 'prazosin']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['noradrenaline']

answer: @entity1063 :: (MESH:D009638,Chemical) :: ['noradrenaline']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To design a new, highly sensitive psychometric screening to identify @entity1 with @entity73 ( @entity73 ) and @entity1 with @entity303 in the early stages of the disease. METHODS: Five tasks were included in the DemTect: a word list, a number transcoding task, a word fluency task, digit span reverse, and delayed recall of the word list. The normation was performed with 145 healthy control subjects (CG). Furthermore, 97 @entity73 @entity1 and 121 @entity1 with possible @entity195 ( @entity195 ) were tested with the DemTect and the MMSE. Classification rates for both tests were analysed. RESULTS: On the basis of the CG data, age-dependant transformation algorithms for the DemTect subtests were defined, and an education correction was provided for the total transformed score. The @entity1 groups scored significantly below the CG in both the DemTect and the MMSE. Compared to the MMSE, classification rates of the DemTect were superior for both the @entity73 and the @entity195 group, with high sensitivities of 80% and 100%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The DemTect is short (8-10 minutes), easy to administer, and its transformed total score (maximum 18) is independent of age and education. The DemTect helps in deciding whether cognitive performance is adequate for age (13-18 points), or whether @entity73 (9-12 points) or @entity303 (8 points or below) should be suspected.

title: DemTect: a new, sensitive cognitive screening test to support the diagnosis of XXXX and early @entity303 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['MCI', 'mild cognitive impairment']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['AD', "Alzheimer's disease"]

answer: @entity73 :: (MESH:D003072,Disease) :: ['mild cognitive impairment']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the safety, tolerability, and preliminary efficacy of NP001, a novel immune regulator of inflammatory monocytes/macrophages, for slowing progression of @entity746 ( @entity746 ). METHODS: This was a phase 2 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of NP001 in 136 @entity1 with @entity746 of <3 years' duration and forced vital capacity >= 70%. @entity1 received NP001 2 mg/kg, NP001 1 mg/kg, or placebo for 6 months. Safety, tolerability, and inflammatory biomarkers were assessed throughout the study. Preliminary efficacy was evaluated using the @entity746 Functional Rating Scale-Revised (ALSFRS-R) slope and change from baseline, with and without matched historical placebo controls, after 6 months of treatment. A post hoc analysis of the percentage of @entity1 ("responders") whose ALSFRS-R did not change from baseline was also conducted. RESULTS: NP001 was generally safe and well-tolerated, except for infusion site @entity158 and @entity1296 . No significant slowing of decline in the primary or secondary measures was observed. However, slowing of progression was observed in the high-dose group in @entity1 with greater @entity32 (wide range C-reactive protein). Moreover, NP001 may have dose dependently halted symptom progression in a subset of @entity1 . More than 2 times as many @entity1 on high-dose NP001 (25%) did not progress during 6 months of treatment compared with those on placebo (11%). Most "responders" had an elevated biomarker of @entity32 , @entity8923 , and were positive for lipopolysaccharide at baseline, which decreased after treatment with NP001. CONCLUSION: The arresting of progression of @entity746 symptoms by NP001 in a subset of @entity1 with marked neuroinflammation, as observed here, will represent a novel therapeutic approach for @entity1 with @entity746 , if confirmed. CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE: This study provides Class I evidence that for @entity1 with @entity746 , NP001 is safe and did not significantly slow progression of the disease (difference in slope of the ALSFRS-R/month 0.12 favoring NP001, p = 0.55). The study lacks the precision to exclude an important effect of NP001.

title: Randomized phase 2 trial of NP001-a novel immune regulator: Safety and early efficacy in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity746 :: ('MESH:D000690', 'Disease') :: ['ALS', 'amyotrophic lateral sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity1296 :: ('MESH:D004244', 'Disease') :: ['dizziness']

answer: @entity746 :: (MESH:D000690,Disease) :: ['ALS']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity1701 is a multisystem @entity792 characterized by arterial and/or @entity49 and persistent presence of antiphospholipid antibodies. It can be a @entity66 or secondary when associated with other @entity792 . CASE PRESENTATION: We present a case of a 16-year-old Caucasian @entity1 with a massive arterial and @entity49 in his lower limbs as well as in his central nervous system with clinical symptoms such as @entity10 and @entity4790 . He did not present any clinical or laboratory signs of a systemic inflammatory connective tissue disease, including @entity1252 . Based on the clinical picture and results of the diagnostic tests (positive antibodies against b2-glycoprotein and a high titre of anticardiolipin antibodies) we finally diagnosed @entity1701 . During a 9-month follow up after the acute phase of the disease, he was treated with low-molecular-weight heparin. @entity16 were relieved. Features of recanalization in the vessels of his lower limbs were observed. After a subsequent 6 months, because of the failure of preventive treatment - an incident of @entity715 of the vessels of his testis - treatment was modified and heparin was replaced with @entity1229 . CONCLUSION: Although the preventive treatment with @entity1229 in our @entity1 has continued for 1 year of follow up without new symptoms, further observation is needed.

title: Recurrent arterial and @entity49 in a 16-year-old @entity1 in the course of XXXX despite treatment with low-molecular-weight heparin: a case report.

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['primary disease']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['Neurological symptoms']

entities_list: @entity1252 :: ('MESH:D008180', 'Disease') :: ['systemic lupus erythematosus']

entities_list: @entity49 :: ('MESH:D019851', 'Disease') :: ['venous thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity1701 :: ('MESH:D016736', 'Disease') :: ['Antiphospholipid syndrome', 'primary antiphospholipid syndrome']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headaches']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune disease', 'autoimmune diseases']

entities_list: @entity1229 :: ('MESH:D014859', 'Chemical') :: ['warfarin']

answer: @entity1701 :: (MESH:D016736,Disease) :: ['primary antiphospholipid syndrome']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In order to test the hypothesis that cardiac protein degradation contributes to the pathogenesis of @entity1562 , the effect of protease inhibitor leupeptin on the postischemic hemodynamics and metabolic functioning was measured in isolated @entity35 hearts. MATERIAL/METHODS: Isolated @entity35 hearts were perfused in Langendorff mode in the presence or absence of leupeptin (10 Kg/ml for 10 min.), and then subjected to 20 min. of normothermic @entity63 and 30 min. of reperfusion. Aortic pressure, cardiac output, @entity301 ( @entity301 ), global @entity26 consumption (MVO2), @entity544 and [H+] release, and [ @entity141 ] uptake were investigated. RESULTS: Hearts pretreated with leupeptin exhibited better postischemic return of systolic, diastolic and developed aortic pressure and faster return of @entity301 to preischemic values during reperfusion. MVO2 and @entity515 release were lower in this group in the 10th and 15th min. of reperfusion and [ @entity141 ] uptake higher in the 5th and 15th min. of reperfusion CONCLUSIONS: Leupeptin protects the heart from @entity1562 , which is consistent with the idea that proteases contribute to the pathogenesis of this phenomenon.

title: Protease inhibitor leupeptin attenuates @entity1562 in XXXX heart.

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['CF', 'coronary flow']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity1562 :: ('MESH:D017682', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial stunning']

entities_list: @entity544 :: ('MESH:D002245', 'Chemical') :: ['carbon dioxide']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: Monocytes are composed of two distinct subpopulations in the peripheral blood as determined by their surface antigen expressions, profiles of cytokine production and functional roles played in vivo. We attempted to delineate the unique functional roles played by a minor @entity4071 (high)CCR2(-) subpopulation of circulating monocytes. They produced significant levels of @entity650 and @entity5 @entity39 factor ( @entity310 , but very low levels of @entity688 upon in vitro stimulation. Characteristic profiles of cytokine production were confirmed by stimulating purified subpopulations of monocytes after cell sorting. It was noteworthy that freshly isolated @entity4071 (high)CCR2(-) monocyte subpopulations produced significant levels of @entity13975 , whereas the major @entity4071 (low)CCR2(+) subpopulation produced little. These results were contrary to the generally accepted notion that the @entity4071 (high)CCR2(-) monocyte subpopulation plays a predominantly proinflammatory role in vivo. The @entity4071 (high)CCR2(-) subpopulation increased in @entity1800 . In accord with this, HO-1 mRNA expression by mononuclear cells was significantly increased in these illnesses. These results indicate that @entity4071 (high)CCR2(-) subpopulations are of a distinct lineage from @entity4071 (low)CCR2(+) monocytes. More importantly, they may represent a monocyte subpopulation with a unique functional role to regulate @entity32 by producing HO-1 in steady state in vivo.

title: Selective expansion of CD16highCCR2- subpopulation of circulating monocytes with preferential production of XXXX in response to acute @entity32 .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity1800 :: ('MESH:D014777', 'Disease') :: ['Kawasaki disease and influenza virus infection']

answer: @entity13975 :: (3162,Gene) :: ['haem oxygenase (HO)-1']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Three kinases: @entity28555 , PKA and TOR, are suggested to be involved in both the replicative and chronological ageing in @entity375 . They function in pathways whose down-regulation leads to life span extension. Several stress response proteins, including two transcription factors @entity23763 and @entity28165 , mediate the longevity extension phenotype associated with decreased activity of either @entity28555 , PKA, or TOR. However, the mechanisms of longevity, especially the underlying transcription program have not been fully understood. RESULTS: We measured the gene expression profiles in wild type @entity375 and three long-lived mutants: sch9Delta, ras2Delta, and tor1Delta. To elucidate the transcription program that may account for the longevity extension, we identified the transcription factors that are systematically and significantly associated with the expression differentiation in these mutants with respect to wild type by integrating microarray expression data with motif and ChIP-chip data, respectively. Our analysis suggests that three stress response transcription factors, @entity23763 , @entity28165 and @entity61577 , are activated in all the three mutants. We also identify some other transcription factors such as @entity23480 and @entity57185 , which may also be involved in the transcriptional modification in the long-lived mutants. CONCLUSION: Combining microarray expression data with other data sources such as motif and ChIP-chip data provides biological insights into the transcription modification that leads to life span extension. In the chronologically long-lived mutant: sch9Delta, ras2Delta, and tor1Delta, several common stress response transcription factors are activated compared with the wild type according to our systematic transcription inference.

title: Inference of transcription modification in long-live XXXX strains from their expression profiles.

answer: @entity375 :: (4932,Species) :: ['yeast']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The purpose of this prospective study was to evaluate the hypothesis that magnetization transfer ratio (MTR) histogram analysis of the whole brain could detect early and subtle brain changes nonapparent on conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in @entity1 with @entity981 ( @entity981 ) receiving @entity1499 ( @entity1500 ) therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Subjects in this prospective study comprised 10 @entity1 with @entity981 (mean age, 6 years; range, 0-16 years). In addition to conventional MRI, magnetization transfer images were obtained before and after intrathecal and intravenous @entity1500 therapy. MTR values were calculated and plotted as a histogram, and peak height and location were calculated. Differences in peak height and location between pre- and post- @entity1500 therapy scans were statistically analyzed. Conventional MRI was evaluated for abnormal signal area in white matter. RESULTS: MTR peak height was significantly lower on post- @entity1500 therapy scans than on pre- @entity1500 therapy scans (p = 0.002). No significant differences in peak location were identified between pre- and post-chemotherapy imaging. No abnormal signals were noted in white matter on either pre- or post- @entity1500 therapy conventional MRI. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that MTR histogram analysis allows better detection of early and subtle brain changes in @entity981 @entity1 who receive @entity1500 therapy than conventional MRI.

title: Whole brain magnetization transfer histogram analysis of pediatric XXXX @entity1 receiving intrathecal methotrexate therapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

entities_list: @entity981 :: ('MESH:D054198', 'Disease') :: ['ALL', 'acute lymphoblastic leukemia']

answer: @entity981 :: (MESH:D054198,Disease) :: ['acute lymphoblastic leukemia']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity5 Screening Program has been operational in Poland for over four years. Colposcopy and guided biopsy methods constitute an essential part of population-based screening, enable stating right diagnosis and planning treatment procedures. AIM: The aim of the following study was to analyse the diagnostic acuity of cyto- and histopathological examination. RESULTS: We examined 510 @entity1 with the following result of cytological smear: ASCUS--265 @entity1 (51.96%), @entity2784 --167 cases (35.75%), @entity2784 --78 @entity1 (15.29%). Complete agreement between cytological smear and guided biopsy histopathology was observed among 81.13% cases of ASCUS, in 88.02% of @entity1 with @entity2784 and in 76.92% cases with the diagnosis of @entity2784 . As with cytology-biopsy comparisons, discordant cases were significantly more frequent in the group with stated @entity2784 than among @entity1 with the diagnosis of ASCUS or @entity2784 (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: 1. High cyto-histopathological accordance (82%) has been obtained, what is comparable with the data in literature. 2. The highest cyto- histopathological compatibility was obtained in the group of @entity1 with @entity2784 --over 88%, and the lowest in the group of @entity1 with @entity2784 --less than 77%. 3. Failure to confirm the histopathological diagnosis of cytological @entity2784 requires further molecular and morphological evaluation.

title: [Comparative analysis of abnormal Pap smear and the results of histopathological examination of specimens from the cervix of the programme in-depth diagnosis cervical XXXX conducted at the of Operational Gynecology Department ICZMP in Lodz].

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cervical Cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: We performed this retrospective study in order to evaluate the effectiveness of different surgical methods in the treatment of @entity455 . Fourteen consecutive @entity1 underwent surgical treatment of such infections from 1996 through 2004 in our clinic. The mean age was 52 +/- 16 years. Seven of the 14 @entity1 underwent emergency operation due to @entity548 or acute @entity63 . The events that caused inguinal @entity281 were synthetic graft implantation in 8 @entity1 , @entity130 in 1, arterial catheterization in 2, femoropopliteal saphenous vein bypass operation in 1, and motor vehicle accident with @entity1661 in 2. The most common infecting pathogen was @entity794 (7 @entity1 ). Sixteen operations were performed in 14 @entity1 . These operations included lateral femoral bypass (5), obturator bypass (5), revascularization with homograft (5), and femorofemoral bypass (1). All inguinal infections were completely cured after surgery. Early complications included poor wound healing (4 @entity1 ), minor amputation (1 @entity1 ), and extension of @entity281 to the distal anastomosis of the obturator bypass and false @entity439 formation (1 @entity1 ). Late complications were acute homograft occlusion of a femorofemoral bypass and @entity715 of a below-knee lateral femoral bypass. There was no operative or late mortality. All @entity1 were followed up for a mean of 48.1 +/- 21.9 months. We did not encounter any @entity439 , @entity397 , or reinfection in homograft @entity1 during follow-up. We conclude that @entity455 of the groin can be cured by proper selection and application of one of the above techniques.

title: XXXX in the groin.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular infections', 'inguinal vascular infections']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity1661 :: ('MESH:D000008', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal wall laceration']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysmal degeneration', 'aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['gunshot injury']

answer: @entity455 :: (MESH:D014652,Disease) :: ['Management of vascular infection']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity6 ( @entity6 ) is a major risk factor for @entity64 and it exacerbates @entity3145 after @entity63 insult. @entity6 is one of the important causes of the progression of @entity62 , however, the pathological mechanisms remain unclear. The present study evaluated the influences of type 2 @entity6 on @entity63 subcortical @entity62 and the recruitment of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) under chronic cerebral hypoperfusion using type 2 @entity6 (db/db) @entity19 . After bilateral common carotid @entity2791 (BCAS), the rarefaction in the white matter was more severe in db/db @entity19 than in db/+ @entity19 , and the number of glutathione S-transferase-pi (GST-pi)-positive mature oligodendrocytes (OLG) was lower in db/db @entity19 than in db/+ @entity19 at 4 and 8 weeks after @entity63 . There were no significant differences in the number of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA)-positive apoptotic cells in the deep white matter between the db/db and db/+ @entity19 . We found a transient increase in the @entity20421 ( @entity20421 )-positive OPCs in @entity62 after @entity63 . However, significantly fewer @entity20421 -positive OPCs were detected in db/db than db/+ @entity19 from 4weeks after BCAS. The number of Ki67-positive proliferating cells in the deep white matter was significantly lower in db/db @entity19 than in db/+ @entity19 from 4 to 8weeks after BCAS. Most of the Ki67-positive cells were @entity20421 -positive OPCs. Finally, we assessed the survival of 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU)-positive proliferating cells in @entity63 white matter, and found significantly poorer survival of BrdU/ @entity20421 -positive OPCs or BrdU/GST-pi-positive OLGs in the db/db @entity19 compared to the db/+ @entity19 in the white matter after BCAS. Our findings suggest that the type 2 @entity6 @entity19 exhibited more severe @entity62 8 weeks after chronic @entity63 . Decreased proliferation and survival of OPCs may play an important role in the progression of @entity62 after @entity63 in @entity6 .

title: Type 2 XXXX reduces the proliferation and survival of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells in @entity62 .

entities_list: @entity20421 :: ('18595(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['platelet-derived growth factor receptor-a', 'PDGFRa']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetes', 'diabetics', 'diabetic', 'Diabetes mellitus', 'DM']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia', 'ischemic']

entities_list: @entity3145 :: ('MESH:D017695', 'Disease') :: ['tissue damage']

entities_list: @entity2791 :: ('MESH:D012078', 'Disease') :: ['artery stenosis']

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['white matter lesions', 'white matter injury', 'white matter lesion']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']


abstract: Physical training is associated with a reduction of intrinsic sinoatrial activity; the present study examined the role of the parasympathetic nervous system in this reduction. Six groups of @entity35 were studied for 10 weeks: inactive control; treadmill exercised; parasympathetic receptor blockade with @entity3897 ; exercise plus @entity3897 ; parasympathetic receptor stimulation with @entity5402 ; and exercise plus @entity5402 . In vivo ISF (cardiac frequency 20 min after injection of @entity1169 and @entity3897 ) was measured at 3-week intervals. At the end of 10 weeks the right atrium was excised, in vitro measurements were made of ISF, and chronotropic dose-response curves to @entity934 and @entity1063 were established. In vivo, ISF was reduced with time, the greatest reduction being found in the exercise plus @entity3897 group; the treadmill-exercised and the @entity3897 -treated groups also had a greater reduction than the control group. In vitro, no differences were observed in @entity934 responses. The maximum @entity1063 chronotropic response was reduced in the treadmill-exercised and the exercise plus @entity3897 groups. The maximum @entity1063 -induced frequency correlated with the in vitro ISF (r = 0.75). Thus, ISF was reduced with training, but this effect was independent of parasympathetic activity. The properties of the sinoatrial node which set ISF also influenced the maximum @entity1063 response.

title: Reduction of intrinsic sinoatrial frequency and @entity1063 response of the exercised XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1169 :: ('MESH:D011433', 'Chemical') :: ['propranolol']

entities_list: @entity3897 :: ('MESH:D001285', 'Chemical') :: ['atropine']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['norepinephrine']

entities_list: @entity5402 :: ('MESH:D002217', 'Chemical') :: ['carbachol']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: PURPOSE: To present two cases of lower extremity @entity451 associated with acute iliocaval @entity715 successfully treated with thrombolysis. CASE REPORTS: A 36-year-old morbidly @entity28 @entity1 with a history of lower extremity @entity1150 ( @entity1150 ), @entity1151 ( @entity1151 ), and inferior vena cava (IVC) filter placement 4 years prior presented with back @entity158 . Imaging showed iliac vein engorgement consistent with @entity715 and common femoral vein @entity1150 bilaterally. She was started on intravenous heparin but developed marked lower extremity @entity425 while anticoagulated. Given these progressive symptoms, systemic tissue plasminogen activator was administered, with subsequent improvement over 48 hours. At 6-month follow-up, she was living independently, with near normal strength and sensation in her lower extremities. While hospitalized following an assault, a 55-year-old @entity1 with a history of @entity5337 , @entity1150 / @entity1151 , and prior IVC filter developed marked @entity4 , which progressed to severe bilateral lower extremity @entity4 and mottling, along with sensory and motor loss of the lower extremities. Lower extremity duplex confirmed extensive @entity1150 extending from the level of the iliac veins down to the tibial vessels. He underwent successful pharmacomechanical thrombectomy. At 6 months, he was walking normally, with no residual neurological symptoms and no evidence of @entity1150 . CONCLUSION: Acute @entity1971 related to iliocaval @entity715 and epidural variceal engorgement presenting with complete @entity451 has not to our knowledge been reported. Pharmacomechanical thrombectomy affords an opportunity to achieve complete iliocaval clearance in a single procedure and is well-suited to cases in which @entity1188 is imminent.

title: Acute XXXX secondary to iliocaval @entity715 successfully treated with thrombolysis and pharmacomechanical thrombectomy.

entities_list: @entity1971 :: ('MESH:D011128', 'Disease') :: ['cauda equina syndrome']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['left lower extremity swelling', 'edema']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['weakness']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['PE', 'pulmonary embolism']

entities_list: @entity1150 :: ('MESH:D020246', 'Disease') :: ['deep venous thrombosis', 'DVT']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['neural infarction']

entities_list: @entity451 :: ('MESH:C536857', 'Disease') :: ['paraplegia']

answer: @entity1971 :: (MESH:D011128,Disease) :: ['cauda equina syndrome']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To describe grey-scale sonographic findings in lower extremity entheses in healthy @entity1 . METHODS: Healthy @entity1 referred to Orthopedic Surgery or Adolescent Medicine outpatient clinics or their siblings ages 5-18 years were recruited. Grey-scale ultrasound was performed on 3 entheseal sites bilaterally, the proximal patellar ligament insertion (PPL), distal patellar ligament insertion (DPL), and @entity924 ( @entity924 ). Entheseal thickness and quality were recorded. Comparison of thickness between contralateral sites was evaluated to determine within subject site variability. RESULTS: 702 entheses were examined in 117 @entity1 . Age had a weak positive correlation with thickness with large variability. Weight had the strongest correlation to thickness. Contralateral sites are comparable in thickness; a difference of 28%, 26%, and 18% between bilateral PPL, DPL, and @entity924 , respectively, falls within the 95th percentile of the healthy pediatric population in this study. The patellar ligament contour evolved with age from a curved to linear contour. CONCLUSIONS: Weight is the best predictor of entheseal thickness in @entity1 although there is a large degree of variability. Contralateral entheses are comparable in thickness. A difference below 28%, 26%, and 18% between bilateral PPL, DPL, and @entity924 , respectively, falls within the 95(th) percentile.

title: Grey-scale ultrasound findings of lower extremity entheses in healthy XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'children']

entities_list: @entity924 :: ('MESH:D052256', 'Disease') :: ['Achilles tendon insertion', 'AT']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: Case histories, results of synovial fluid analyses, treatment regimens and outcome are described for 15 adult Standardbred @entity1641 with confirmed post-injection @entity5414 . Joint sepsis followed injection of @entity288 , @entity4023 , polysulphated glycosaminoglycan, or local anaesthetic. The median interval from injection to appearance of clinical signs was 2.5 days, and median interval from injection to referral was 9 days. The median initial synovial leucocyte count on admission was 57 x 10(9)/litre, but there was a wide range of values (18-258 x 10(9)/litre). The median synovial neutrophil percentage was 95% (77-99%). All bacterial isolates were Gram-positive cocci, 86% of which were staphylococci. All treated @entity1641 (12/15) initially received broad-spectrum parenteral antibiotic therapy, and the articulations of all @entity1641 except one were lavaged, either with non-surgical through-and-through techniques only (N = 3), or surgically with arthrotomy (N = 1) or arthroscopy (N = 7). The owners of all treated @entity1641 were contacted and racing records were consulted. Eleven of 12 @entity1641 returned to racing. Outcome was judged as either satisfactory (3/12) if the @entity1641 had returned to racing levels similar to or better than before treatment, or unsatisfactory (9/12) if the @entity1641 had poorer performance or could not return to racing. The 3 @entity1641 with satisfactory follow-up had been treated with arthroscopy and post-surgical closed suction drainage. The results of bacterial cultures suggest that the initial antimicrobial agents used should be effective against @entity114 -resistant staphylococci.

title: XXXX in 15 standardbred racehorses after intra-articular injection.

entities_list: @entity4023 :: ('MESH:D006820', 'Chemical') :: ['hyaluronic acid']

entities_list: @entity5414 :: ('MESH:D001170', 'Disease') :: ['septic arthritis']

entities_list: @entity114 :: ('MESH:D010406', 'Chemical') :: ['penicillin']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity5414 :: (MESH:D001170,Disease) :: ['Septic arthritis']


abstract: In their active state, beta(2)-integrins, such as @entity1453 , mediate the firm arrest of leukocytes by binding intercellular adhesion molecules (ICAMs) expressed on endothelium. Although the primary function of @entity1453 is assumed to be the ability to mediate firm adhesion, recent work has shown that @entity1453 can contribute to cell tethering and rolling under hydrodynamic flow, a role previously largely attributed to the selectins. The inserted (I) domain of @entity1453 has recently been crystallized in the wild-type (wt) and locked-open conformations and has been shown to, respectively, support rolling and firm adhesion under flow when expressed in alpha(L)beta(2) heterodimers or as isolated domains on cells. Here, we report results from cell-free adhesion assays where wt I-domain-coated @entity852 particles were allowed to interact with @entity2071 -coated surfaces in shear flow. We show that wt I-domain can independently mediate the capture of particles from flow and support their rolling on @entity2071 surfaces in a manner similar to how @entity1735 -selectin interactions mediate rolling. Adhesion is specific and blocked by appropriate antibodies. We also show that the rolling velocity of I-domain-coated particles depends on the wall shear stress in flow chamber, I-domain site density on microsphere surfaces, and @entity2071 site density on substrate surfaces. Furthermore, we show that rolling is less sensitive to wall shear stress and @entity2071 substrate density at high density of I-domain on the microsphere surface. Computer simulations using adhesive dynamics can recreate bead rolling dynamics and show that the mechanochemical properties of @entity2071 -I-domain interactions are similar to those of @entity1735 -selectin interactions. Understanding the biophysics of adhesion mediated by the I-domain of @entity1453 can elucidate the complex roles this integrin plays in leukocyte adhesion in @entity32 .

title: I-domain of lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 mediates rolling of XXXX particles on @entity2071 under flow.

entities_list: @entity852 :: ('MESH:D011137', 'Chemical') :: ['polystyrene']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

answer: @entity852 :: (MESH:D011137,Chemical) :: ['polystyrene']


abstract: @entity4710 is the most common pediatric @entity943 , but there is no consensus and little evidence to guide its treatment. We sent a questionnaire to pediatric cardiologists in North America to assess the current practice pattern. Of 1534 surveys mailed, 352 (23%) were returned and 295 (19%) had complete data for analysis. In the acute setting, 11 different medications were chosen. The most commonly used in the @entity1 without preexcitation were digoxin (42%), @entity1818 (21%), @entity7368 (13%), @entity1169 (10%), and @entity2643 (8%). In the @entity1 with preexcitation, @entity1169 (34%), @entity1818 (23%), @entity7368 (17%), @entity2643 (11%), and digoxin (6%) were used. In the chronic setting, 8 different medications were chosen. The most commonly used in this scenario were digoxin (52%), @entity1169 (33%), @entity2643 (4%), and @entity2778 (3%). In the @entity1 with preexcitation, @entity1169 (70%), @entity2643 (6%), @entity6838 (6%), @entity2165 (6%), and @entity6237 (5%) were used. Medication choices were influenced by additional electrophysiology training and preexcitation. @entity6838 was used less in the setting of preexcitation. There are no comparative trials to explain the different medication choices. Although a number of medications may be efficacious, a randomized clinical trial is needed to offer further guidance.

title: Medications used to manage XXXX in the @entity1 a North American survey.

entities_list: @entity1169 :: ('MESH:D011433', 'Chemical') :: ['propranolol']

entities_list: @entity2643 :: ('MESH:D000638', 'Chemical') :: ['amiodarone']

entities_list: @entity1818 :: ('MESH:D011342', 'Chemical') :: ['procainamide']

entities_list: @entity6237 :: ('MESH:D005424', 'Chemical') :: ['flecainide']

entities_list: @entity6838 :: ('MESH:D004077', 'Chemical') :: ['digoxin', 'Digoxin']

entities_list: @entity2165 :: ('MESH:D001262', 'Chemical') :: ['atenolol']

entities_list: @entity4710 :: ('MESH:D013617', 'Disease') :: ['Supraventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmia']

answer: @entity4710 :: (MESH:D013617,Disease) :: ['supraventricular tachycardia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Shorter leukocyte telomere length (LTL) is associated with higher incidence of @entity301 ( @entity301 ) and increased mortality. We examined the association of LTL with @entity729 ( @entity729 ), which reflects the cumulative burden of @entity453 , in an urban Arab sample of Palestinians, a population at high risk of @entity301 . METHODS: Using a cross-sectional design, a random sample of East Jerusalem residents, comprising 250 @entity1 aged 45-77 and @entity1 aged 55-76 and free of @entity301 or past @entity64 , was drawn from the Israel national population register. LTL was measured by Southern blots. @entity729 was determined by 16-slice multidetector helical CT scanning using Agatston scoring. We applied multivariable logistic modeling to examine the association between sex-specific tertiles of LTL and @entity729 (comparing scores >100 vs. <100, and the upper third vs. the lower 2 thirds), controlling for age, sex, education and coronary risk factors. RESULTS: @entity729 , evident in 65% of @entity1 and 52% of @entity1 , was strongly associated with age (sex-adjusted Spearman's rho 0.495). The multivariable-adjusted odds ratios for @entity729 >100 (found in 30% of @entity1 and 29% of @entity1 ) were 2.92 (95% CI 1.28-6.68) and 2.29 (0.99-5.30) for the lower and mid-tertiles of LTL vs. the upper tertile, respectively (Ptrend = 0.008). Findings were similar for @entity729 scores in the upper tertile (Ptrend = 0.006), and persisted after the exclusion of @entity1 with @entity6 or receiving statins. CONCLUSIONS: Shorter LTL was associated with a greater prevalence of asymptomatic @entity453 in an urban Arab population-based sample. Mechanisms underlying this association should be sought.

title: Leukocyte telomere length and XXXX in Palestinians.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['CHD', 'coronary heart disease']

entities_list: @entity729 :: ('MESH:D061205', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery calcification', 'CAC']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary atherosclerosis']

answer: @entity729 :: (MESH:D061205,Disease) :: ['coronary artery calcification']


abstract: @entity164 2 @entity6 is known to be associated with @entity73 and an increased risk of @entity303 in the elderly. Although it is one of the most efficacious therapies in @entity6 @entity1 , @entity2690 therapy requires that @entity1 learn to inject themselves with @entity2690 . We studied the association between @entity1010 detected on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the head and the ability of type 2 @entity6 @entity1 to learn self-injection. MRI of the head was performed in 41 type 2 @entity6 @entity1 aged 60-80 years old. The area of the cerebrum relative to the intracranial area (the brain parenchymal fraction: BPF) was calculated with the WinROOF software program. Learning ability was assessed by counting the number of training sessions needed to acquire the ability to self-inject. @entity1 were divided into a failure group and success group. The average age was significantly higher (P < 0.001) and the BPF was significantly lower (P < 0.001) in the failure group ( @entity1 requiring 14 or more training sessions) than the success group (the remaining @entity1 ). A binary logistic regression analysis revealed that both age and BPF were independent predictors of success/failure in acquiring self-injection ability (P = 0.005 and P = 0.031, respectively). We conclude that @entity1010 on MRI is an important determinant of the ability of @entity1 to learn @entity2690 self-injection.

title: Evidence of @entity1010 detected on magnetic resonance imaging is associated with failure of acquisition of the ability for XXXX self-injection.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1010 :: ('MESH:C566985', 'Disease') :: ['brain atrophy']

answer: @entity2690 :: (3630,Gene) :: ['insulin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Humoral mediators are potentially involved in the pathogenesis of @entity260 following surgery. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the postoperative responses of circulating cytokines, chemokines, and stress hormones following liver resection, and their effects on @entity260 . @entity1 AND METHODS: Perioperative plasma concentrations of @entity650 , @entity688 , @entity3646 , @entity687 , @entity2842 , @entity701 , @entity6785 ( @entity6785 ), and leptin were measured by immunoassays in 128 consecutive @entity1 undergoing liver resection. RESULTS: Forty-three @entity1 had @entity86 and 11 had @entity881 . Plasma levels of all mediators except for @entity3646 increased postoperatively. Postoperative levels of @entity650 , @entity688 , @entity687 , @entity2842 , cortisol, and leptin were significantly higher in @entity1 with @entity881 than in those without @entity881 (P < 0.05). However, postoperative @entity6785 levels were not affected by @entity86 . Plasma levels of @entity650 , @entity688 , @entity687 , and @entity2842 were positively correlated with operation time (P < 0.0001) or @entity190 (P < 0.0001), and higher in @entity1 with @entity409 (P < 0.05). In univariate logistic regression analyses, elevated @entity650 , @entity688 , @entity687 , and @entity2842 , advanced age, large volume of @entity190 , long operation time, long @entity99 time, and major liver resection were significantly correlated with @entity86 (P < 0.05). In multivariate analyses, @entity650 and @entity688 were significant predisposing factors for @entity86 (P < 0.05), and @entity190 and @entity650 for @entity881 (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that @entity650 , @entity688 , @entity687 , @entity2842 , cortisol, and leptin are released after liver resection in response to surgical stress and correlated with @entity86 , and that of these circulating mediators, @entity650 and @entity688 , have a close relationship to the complications.

title: Circulating cytokines, chemokines, and stress hormones are increased in XXXX with @entity881 following liver resection.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic ischemia']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['jaundiced liver']

entities_list: @entity6785 :: ('4282', 'Gene') :: ['MIF', 'macrophage migration inhibitory factor']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications', 'postoperative infectious complications and organ dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity2842 :: ('6347', 'Gene') :: ['MCP-1', 'macrophage chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative infection and organ dysfunction', 'postoperative infection or organ dysfunction', 'postoperative infection']

entities_list: @entity881 :: ('MESH:D009102', 'Disease') :: ['infection-related organ dysfunction', 'organ dysfunction']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: With the aim to evaluate acute thrombogenicity, segments of @entity1 umbilical vein grafts (Dardik Biograft, Meadox Medicals, Inc., Oakland, N.J.), nonheparinized, heparin- @entity167 -treated, or covalently heparinized, were implanted into the carotid arteries of @entity742 . Autologous carotid arteries were used as control grafts. Flow was restricted to 25 ml/min. Accumulation of autologous @entity7263 -labeled platelets was registered at both anastomotic and midgraft regions for 240 minutes. At the end of the perfusion period, grafts were removed, opened longitudinally, and the @entity715 -free surface (TFS) and @entity715 weight determined. The ex vivo determinations showed good correlation with results obtained with in vivo registration. In vivo accumulation of platelets was significantly larger in nonheparinized @entity1 umbilical vein grafts compared with heparin- @entity167 treated grafts. Covalently heparinized grafts showed a tendency toward lower radioactive values, but visual examination after perfusion revealed areas of "intimal" damage with @entity715 , probably caused by heparinization procedure. Autologous arteries showed the largest TFS and the smallest thrombi. Platelet accumulation in autologous arteries decreased almost to reference values after an initial rapid increase. In conclusion, heparin- @entity167 treatment of @entity1 umbilical vein grafts reduces acute thrombogenicity. Although covalent heparin bonding seems to act in the same way, the fragility of the graft appears to preclude use of this method. Autologous arteries exhibit excellent antithrombotic characteristics.

title: In vivo evaluation of the acute thrombogenicity of the modified XXXX umbilical vein and autologous artery.

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombus', 'thrombotic deposits']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: Prognosis in @entity6130 ( @entity6130 ) is unfavorable and the optimal therapy remains uncertain. Currently, allogeneic stem cell transplantation is the only known curative therapeutic option. However, the data available are limited and restricted to small retrospective series. There is even less information on the use of donor lymphocyte infusions (DLI) for this disease. We reviewed our experience of allogeneic stem cell transplantation and DLI for adults with @entity6130 . Seventeen consecutive adults underwent allogeneic stem cell transplantation from related (n=14) or unrelated (n=3) donors. Median age was 50 years (range 26-60). Seven @entity1 (41%) demonstrated relapse or persistent disease at a median of 6 months (range 3-55.5). Five @entity1 underwent DLI for morphologic relapse and one for mixed donor chimerism. Two @entity1 achieved durable complete remissions of 15 months each. The overall transplant-related mortality was 41% (n=7). With a median follow-up of 34.5 months, three @entity1 (18%) currently remain alive and in continuous CR. The current study demonstrates a graft-versus- @entity1778 effect in @entity6130 , both for allogeneic stem cell transplantation and for DLI. Nevertheless, consistent with reported experience of others, overall outcomes remain less than optimal and unpredictable.

title: Allogeneic stem cell transplantation and donor lymphocyte infusions for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6130 :: ('MESH:D015477', 'Disease') :: ['CMML', 'chronic myelomonocytic leukemia']

answer: @entity6130 :: (MESH:D015477,Disease) :: ['chronic myelomonocytic leukemia']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: In this study, the pathogenic behavior of @entity23007 13V091 and 13V117, isolated in 2013 from two different Belgian farms with enzootic respiratory problems shortly after weaning in the nursery, were compared with the Belgian strain 07V063 isolated in 2007. Full-length genome sequencing was performed to identify their origin. Twelve weeks-old @entity1707 were inoculated intranasally (IN) with 13V091, 13V117 or 07V063 (9 @entity1707 /group). At 10  days post inoculation (dpi), 4 animals from each group were euthanized and tissues were collected for pathology, virological and serological analysis. 13V091 infection resulted in the highest @entity1576 scores and longest period of fever. @entity358 were more pronounced for 13V091 (13%), than for 13V117 (7%) and 07V063 (11%). The nasal shedding and @entity646 was also most extensive with 13V091. The 13V091 group showed the highest virus replication in conchae, tonsils and retropharyngeal lymph nodes. 13V117 infection resulted in the lowest virus replication in lymphoid tissues. 13V091 showed higher numbers of @entity59595 (-) infected cells/mm(2) in conchae, tonsils and spleen than 13V117 and 07V063. Neutralizing antibody response with 07V063 was stronger than with 13V091 and 13V117. It can be concluded that (i) 13V091 is a highly pathogenic type 1 subtype 1 @entity23007 that replicates better than 07V063 and 13V117 and has a strong tropism for @entity59595 (-) cells and (ii) despite the close genetic relationship between 13V117 and 07V063, 13V117 has an increased nasal replication and shedding, but a decreased replication in lymphoid tissues compared to 07V063.

title: Different clinical, virological, serological and tissue tropism outcomes of two new and one old Belgian type 1 subtype 1 porcine reproductive and respiratory virus ( XXXX ) isolates.

entities_list: @entity23007 :: ('28344', 'Species') :: ['PRRSV strain', 'PRRSV']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['Gross lung lesions']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory disease']

answer: @entity23007 :: (28344,Species) :: ['PRRSV']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity778 is transmitted by mosquitoes and has four serotypes. Cross-protection to other serotypes lasting for a few months is observed following infection with one serotype. There is evidence that @entity258 and/or B cells from primary infections contribute to the severe syndromes often associated with @entity325 . such pronounced immune-mediated enhancement suggests a dengue-specific pattern of immune cell activation. This study investigates the acute and early convalescent B cell response leading to the generation of cross-reactive and neutralizing antibodies following @entity281 . METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We assayed blood samples taken from dengue @entity1 with primary or secondary infection during acute disease and @entity9458 and compared them to samples from @entity1 presenting with non-dengue related @entity221 . @entity779 induced massive early plasmablast formation, which correlated with the appearance of polyclonal, cross-reactive IgG for both primary and secondary infection. Surprisingly, the contribution of IgG to the neutralizing titer 4-7 days after @entity221 onset was more than 50% even after @entity281 . CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Poly-reactive and virus serotype cross-reactive IgG are an important component of the innate response in @entity1 during both primary and secondary @entity281 , and "innate specificities" seem to constitute part of the adaptive response in dengue. While of potential importance for protection during secondary infection, cross-reactive B cells will also compete with highly neutralizing B cells and possibly interfere with their development.

title: XXXX activates polyreactive, natural IgG B cells after primary and secondary infection.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity778 :: ('MESH:D015658', 'Disease') :: ['Dengue virus']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['dengue infection', 'primary infection']

entities_list: @entity9458 :: ('MESH:D003289', 'Disease') :: ['convalescence']

entities_list: @entity325 :: ('MESH:D060085', 'Disease') :: ['secondary dengue infections']

entities_list: @entity258 :: ('MESH:D009800', 'Disease') :: ['low-affinity T']

answer: @entity778 :: (MESH:D015658,Disease) :: ['Dengue virus']


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate in a @entity95 model if prolonged periods of @entity5327 followed by reperfusion may affect the rate of @entity16 . METHODS: An infrarenal aortic snare, which consisted of a Silastic vessel loop whose ends were passed through plastic tubing, was placed in 50 male New Zealand white @entity95 . In 40 of these animals, a similar but smaller device was placed around the @entity6029 ( @entity6029 ); all devices were exteriorized to allow vessel occlusion in the awake animal. The aorta was occluded for 12 minutes in the 10 control and 40 experimental animals, but the experimental @entity95 also had occlusion of the @entity6029 for varying intervals: 10 minutes (group 1), 12 minutes (group 2), and 18 minutes (group 3). To assess the hemodynamic effects of aortic and aortic/ @entity6029 occlusion, select control and test animals had blood pressure and heart rate monitoring via indwelling carotid catheters during the occlusion periods. The animals were euthanized, and spinal cords from paralyzed and normal @entity95 were examined histologically RESULTS: @entity51 occurred in 20% of controls and in 70%, 80%, and 100% in the experimental groups, respectively. There were no significant differences in systemic blood pressure at any time point during occlusion and reperfusion in the monitored control or test animals. There was no evidence of @entity715 of spinal arteries on histological analysis, nor was there evidence of bowel @entity1188 at the time of sacrifice in animals undergoing combined aortic/ @entity6029 occlusion. CONCLUSIONS: @entity5327 /reperfusion worsens the neurological outcome in animals undergoing transient @entity432 . This observation is independent of hemodynamic influences and not the result of @entity715 .

title: Effect of @entity5327 /reperfusion on spinal cord injury following transient XXXX in @entity95 .

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological complications']

entities_list: @entity95 :: ('9986', 'Species') :: ['rabbits', 'rabbit']

entities_list: @entity6029 :: ('MESH:D013478', 'Disease') :: ['superior mesenteric artery', 'SMA']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['Neurological deficit']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarction']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['aortic occlusion']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['spinal artery thrombosis', 'thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity5327 :: ('MESH:D065666', 'Disease') :: ['Mesenteric ischemia', 'mesenteric ischemia']

answer: @entity432 :: (MESH:D001157,Disease) :: ['aortic occlusion']


abstract: Primary @entity4018 is one of the @entity8487 and is the member of that group with the worst survival and the most significant limitations in quality of life. @entity828 due to extramedullary hematopoiesis, constitutional symptoms, and @entity1503 are the main manifestations. The natural history is highly variable, and up to 30% of @entity1 can experience acceleration to @entity3052 . Conventional therapy is only palliative and not always effective. However, huge advances have been achieved in the past 2 decades toward a better understanding of the pathogenesis of this disease, as well as improved management. Powerful risk stratification systems are now available and can reliably separate the @entity1 into different prognostic categories to aid clinical management. Allogeneic stem cell transplant can offer cure but is still not universally applicable owing to the treatment-related mortality and @entity137 . Nevertheless, outcomes of transplant are improving, owing to the introduction of reduced-intensity conditioning regimens and the optimization of remission monitoring techniques and relapse prevention strategies. The discovery of the @entity4017 mutation of @entity4016 ( @entity4016 ) and some other molecular aberrations has shed more light on the molecular pathogenesis of the disease and has led to the introduction of novel therapies such as @entity4016 inhibitors. In fact, JAK inhibitors have shown promising symptomatic efficacy, and the JAK inhibitor @entity26223 has also shown a potential survival benefit. Future effort should be made to combine allogeneic stem cell transplant with JAK inhibition.

title: Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplant vs. Janus Kinase Inhibition in the Treatment of Primary @entity4018 or XXXX After Essential Thrombocythemia or Polycythemia Vera.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8487 :: ('MESH:D010677', 'Disease') :: ['Philadelphia chromosome-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity26223 :: ('MESH:C540383', 'Chemical') :: ['ruxolitinib']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute myelogenous leukemia']

entities_list: @entity828 :: ('MESH:C535727', 'Disease') :: ['Hepatosplenomegaly']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['cytopenias']

entities_list: @entity4018 :: ('MESH:D055728', 'Disease') :: ['myelofibrosis']

answer: @entity4018 :: (MESH:D055728,Disease) :: ['Myelofibrosis']


abstract: Surgery is the treatment of choice for @entity1498 in childhood. @entity1498 presenting in the neonatal period carries a poorer functional and vital prognosis and it may be opposed to the paucisymptomatic forms observed in @entity1 and @entity1 . @entity1498 in the neonatal period presents with severe @entity712 and is often associated with @entity509 of the transverse aorta and/or other @entity600 . Improved neonatal intensive care and the introduction of @entity5015 have considerably reduced the immediate mortality by enabling surgery to be undertaken under the best possible haemodynamic conditions. However, early and late mortality in this group remain significantly higher due to associated @entity299 ; in this context, the management varies with some groups carrying out surgery in one stage and others in two stages. Despite progress in neonatal surgery and operative techniques to increase the diameter of the transverse aorta, @entity509 may persist and be a cause of @entity256 or secondary @entity101 . In this group of coarctations, the main problem is the timing of surgery in order to reduce the risks of @entity256 and @entity101 to a minimum. @entity256 is diagnosed by clinical examination. Doppler ultrasonography and eventually confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The risk factors for @entity256 are young age at surgery, the type of procedure performed and the presence of extensive @entity2333 . Recurrent, localised forms are accessible to percutaneous angioplasty when performed 6 months to 1 year after surgery; extensive @entity256 and @entity256 in older @entity1 should be referred for reoperation. Some subjects become @entity101 in the absence of residual obstruction and, in these cases, MRI should be requested to detect @entity509 of the aortic arch. However, @entity101 may be observed alone or only occur during exercise: late surgery and the length of follow-up seem to be associated with its occurrence. @entity449 occur after aortoplasty with a patch, a technique which has now be abandoned for this reason. Nevertheless, this risk is also associated with percutaneous angioplasty of @entity256 , justifying systematic diagnostic MRI. In summary, @entity1498 in @entity1 has a good overall prognosis at medium-term, the neonatal forms having considerably benefited from progress in the management of this condition in the intensive care unit and from advances in surgical technique. However, long-term cardiological follow-up remains necessary to detect the two potential complications: @entity256 and @entity101 .

title: [Long-term results after surgery of @entity1498 in neonates and XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac failure']

entities_list: @entity449 :: ('MESH:D001014', 'Disease') :: ['Aortic aneurysms']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity256 :: ('MESH:D023903', 'Disease') :: ['restenosis', 'Restenosis']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['complex congenital malformation']

entities_list: @entity509 :: ('MESH:C538429', 'Disease') :: ['hypoplasia']

entities_list: @entity1498 :: ('MESH:D001017', 'Disease') :: ['coarctation of the aorta', 'Coarctation']

entities_list: @entity5015 :: ('MESH:D000527', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandin E1']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac lesions']

entities_list: @entity2333 :: ('MESH:D001018', 'Disease') :: ['aortic hypoplasia']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: @entity3178 has been associated with @entity1593 . We aimed to determine the extent and significance of this relationship. METHODS: A prospectively maintained database of @entity1593 @entity1 , seen between 1981 and 2006, was analyzed. Standardized morbidity ratios (SMR) were calculated using a general population study of @entity3178 as the reference group. Statistical analysis was conducted using the Student t test, Pearson chi(2) test, or Fisher exact test. RESULTS: @entity3178 was found in 44 of 1009 @entity1 (4.3%); this represented a 70-fold increased risk for individuals with @entity1593 to have @entity3178 , compared with the general population (SMR, 72.39; 95% confidence interval [CI], 52.52-95.36). The @entity1593 @entity1 with @entity3178 were older (P = .0001) and had more severe villous @entity194 (P = .002) than the @entity1593 @entity1 without @entity3178 . @entity3178 was diagnosed after @entity1593 in 64% of the @entity1 , simultaneously in 25%, and before @entity1593 in 11% (P = .0001). Pancolitis predominated, though 16% had @entity1960 limited to the right colon. Steroid or immunosuppressant therapies were required in 66% of the @entity1593 @entity1 with @entity3178 and given as maintenance therapy to 50% of these @entity1 . Follow-up biopsies revealed that the @entity1960 persisted in 57% of the @entity1 with @entity1593 and @entity3178 , despite improved @entity294 symptoms; the @entity294 resolved in most of the @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity3178 is more common in @entity1 with @entity1593 than in the general population. @entity1 with @entity1593 and @entity3178 have more severe villous @entity194 and frequently require @entity230 or immunosuppressant therapies to control @entity294 .

title: An association between XXXX and @entity1593 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1593 :: ('MESH:D002446', 'Disease') :: ['celiac disease']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity3178 :: ('MESH:D046728', 'Disease') :: ['Microscopic colitis', 'microscopic colitis']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

answer: @entity3178 :: (MESH:D046728,Disease) :: ['microscopic colitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to determine the feasibility and @entity137 of @entity1311 and @entity3003 given in the adjuvant setting alone for @entity1 with resected Stage IB disease and combined with radiotherapy for @entity1 with resected Stages II and IIIA disease and selected @entity1 with Stage IIIB and @entity66 (Revised International System for Staging of @entity2 ). METHODS: One hundred two @entity1 with resected @entity1149 were treated in the postoperative period with 3 courses of @entity1311 200 mg/m(2) intravenously (i.v.) over 1 hour and @entity3003 area under the curve of 6 i.v. every 3 weeks for 3 courses. @entity1 with Stage IB received no further therapy, and those with higher stages also subsequently received radiotherapy plus concurrent weekly @entity1311 and @entity3003 over 6 weeks. The median age was 61 years, with 56 @entity1 and 46 @entity1 , and the predominant histologic type was @entity420 . Twenty pneumonectomies, 80 lobectomies, and 2 other procedures were performed. Ninety percent of the @entity1 (92 of 102) received all 3 courses of adjuvant @entity1311 and @entity3003 (84% received full doses). Seventy-three percent received full doses of radiotherapy and concurrent weekly chemotherapy (49 of 67 @entity1 ), and 14 others received greater than 75% of the radiotherapy and concurrent chemotherapy. RESULTS: @entity137 of the chemotherapy was mild with only three hospitalizations for @entity1398 and fever and no treatment-related @entity204 . Severe @entity56 occurred in six @entity1 (6%). Concurrent radiation therapy and weekly chemotherapy also was well tolerated with the exception of Grade 3-4 @entity2910 observed in 27% (17 of 67 @entity1 ). Follow-up was short with a median of 10 months, and 65% of all @entity1 remained progression free. CONCLUSIONS: Three courses of @entity1311 and @entity3003 is tolerable, feasible, and can be delivered in most @entity1 in the adjuvant setting. Subsequently, in higher stage @entity1 , concurrent postoperative radiation therapy and weekly @entity1311 and @entity3003 is well tolerated and delivered in most @entity1 . Definitive prospective randomized Phase III adjuvant trials are warranted.

title: @entity1311 and @entity3003 adjuvant therapy alone or with radiotherapy for resected XXXX : a feasibility study of the Minnie Pearl Cancer Research Network.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'Toxicity']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['IV disease']

entities_list: @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['carboplatin']

entities_list: @entity2910 :: ('MESH:D004941', 'Disease') :: ['esophagitis']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['Lung Cancer']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['nonsmall cell lung carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['hypersensitivity']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['nonsmall cell lung carcinoma']


abstract: @entity706 is a @entity262 . It is not uncommon to be found involved in digestive or central nervous system. However, @entity706 involved in these two systems at the same time is rare. The clinical feature of a case of @entity706 with @entity360 and limbs weakness was investigated and the literature was reviewed. The @entity1 came to our hospital with melena and hematemesis. She was diagnosed as gastric ulcer by gastroscopy and biopsy showed @entity706 . Two days after she came to hospital, the @entity1 presented with progressing limbs weakness. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed irregular abnormal signals in @entity9212 , which was enhanced obviously. A strip abnormal signal could be seen in spinal cord and involved in neighboring centrum and ribbing. The lesion extended to paravertebral tissue. The final diagnosis was @entity706 involved in stomach and spinal cord. Diseases presented with both upper digestive tract @entity548 and symptoms of central nervous system were rare, including @entity5 , @entity778 and some therapy. @entity706 was one of the causes. On the other hand, @entity2759 might occur after @entity360 . Thus, doctors should examine the @entity1 carefully to diagnose these diseases.

title: [A case of XXXX and paraplegia].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity778 :: ('MESH:D015658', 'Disease') :: ['virus infection']

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal bleeding']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma', 'Lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancies']

entities_list: @entity262 :: ('MESH:D034721', 'Disease') :: ['systemic disease']

entities_list: @entity2759 :: ('MESH:D020760', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord ischemia']

answer: @entity360 :: (MESH:D006471,Disease) :: ['upper gastrointestinal bleeding']


abstract: We conducted a randomized prospective multicenter study to compare the safety and efficacy of once daily oral @entity6727 (8 mg/kg) to twice daily oral @entity206 / @entity207 ( @entity1597 / @entity1598 ) (8/40 mg/kg/day) for the treatment of @entity293 in @entity1 ages 6 months to 13 years. Seventy-six @entity1 (38 in each group) were studied. Thirty-seven percent were younger than 3 years of age. @entity526 was the most common isolate in both groups (85%). Eighty-five percent of all Gram-negative organisms were susceptible to @entity1597 / @entity1598 and all were susceptible to @entity6727 . Seventy-two percent of all @entity1 were febrile at the time of diagnosis. Both groups were treated for 7 to 10 days. Peripheral white blood cell counts, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, body temperature and urinalysis returned to normal at the same rate in both groups. No failures were observed and relapse occurred in 3 cases within the 4 weeks after treatment (2 in the @entity6727 group and one in the @entity1597 / @entity1598 group). Side effects were observed in 14% of the @entity6727 group and 16% of the @entity1597 / @entity1598 group and were all mild enough not to necessitate discontinuation of therapy. We conclude that the efficacy and safety of @entity6727 administered once daily compared favorably with @entity1597 / @entity1598 administered twice daily for @entity293 .

title: Once daily @entity6727 compared with twice daily @entity206 / @entity207 for treatment of XXXX in @entity1 and @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

entities_list: @entity207 :: ('MESH:D013420', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfamethoxazole']

entities_list: @entity6727 :: ('MESH:D020682', 'Chemical') :: ['cefixime']

entities_list: @entity293 :: ('MESH:D014552', 'Disease') :: ['acute urinary tract infection', 'acute uncomplicated urinary tract infection']

entities_list: @entity206 :: ('MESH:D014295', 'Chemical') :: ['trimethoprim']

answer: @entity293 :: (MESH:D014552,Disease) :: ['urinary tract infection']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To estimate the effect of vesicoamniotic shunting using a double-basket catheter on treating fetal @entity1876 . METHODS: A retrospective study involving 8 prenatally diagnosed @entity1876 cases that underwent vesicoamniotic shunt placement using a double-basket catheter from 1998 to 2004. @entity1 were followed-up for prenatal and neonatal outcome analyses. RESULTS: Vesicoamniotic shunting was performed in 8 fetuses aged between 13.7 and 25.4 weeks' gestation (mean+/-SD, 19.7+/-3.5 weeks). Final diagnoses included 5 @entity340 , 1 @entity154 , 1 @entity3832 , and 1 unknown. There were no maternal complications associated with the procedures. One @entity1 diagnosed as having a fetus with @entity340 decided to terminate her pregnancy and one fetus died in uterus spontaneously. Six @entity1 delivered live babies, and one baby required postnatal ventilatory support. Postnatal follow-up ranged from 3 to 60 months. Of the 6 newborns, 4 survived with normal renal function, 1 had @entity177 , and 1 died of @entity177 at 3 months of age. CONCLUSIONS: Vesicoamniotic shunt placement using a double-basket catheter may be effective in improving perinatal and neonatal outcomes through long-term decompression of the fetal urinary tract in carefully selected cases.

title: Vesicoamniotic shunting using a double-basket catheter appears effective in treating fetal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'woman']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['cloacal anomaly']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure', 'renal insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity3832 :: ('MESH:D014525', 'Disease') :: ['urethral stenosis']

entities_list: @entity340 :: ('MESH:D006349', 'Disease') :: ['posterior urethral valves']

entities_list: @entity1876 :: ('MESH:D001748', 'Disease') :: ['bladder outlet obstruction']

answer: @entity1876 :: (MESH:D001748,Disease) :: ['bladder outlet obstruction']