abstract: UNASSIGNED: Autophagy is a conserved evolutionary process that allows cells to maintain macromolecular synthesis and energy homeostasis during starvation and stressful conditions. We prospectively evaluated the relationship between autophagy and @entity1069 in a series of transurethral prostatic resection samples. Inflammatory infiltrates were defined according to the standardized classification of chronic @entity1069 of the National Institute of Health. The inflammatory score ( @entity2717 score) was calculated. High @entity2717 score was defined as >= 7. Each sample was stained for anti- @entity16401 and for anti- @entity16402 / @entity16402 and scored. High @entity16402 or @entity16401 percentage was defined as >25%, whereas low was defined as <25% of cells with dots.We analyzed 94 specimens. Overall, 18/94 (19%) showed no sign of @entity1069 , whereas 76/94 (81%) presented inflammatory infiltrates. @entity32 was mild in 61/76 (80%), moderate/severe in 15/76 (20%). @entity1 with high @entity16402 percentage were 62/94 (66%) while 32 (34%) showed low @entity16402 percentage. @entity1 with high @entity16401 percentage were 37/94 (39%) while 57(61%) showed low @entity16401 percentage. Overall 42/94 (44%) @entity1 presented a high @entity16402 percentage and concomitant a low @entity16401 percentage. @entity2717 score was significantly higher in @entity1 with a with high @entity16402 percentage (median @entity2717 7 (6/8) vs 5 (3/7); p= 0.04) and in @entity1 with a low @entity16401 percentage (median @entity2717 7 (6/8) vs 5 (3/7); p= 0.004) when compared to @entity1 with a low @entity16402 percentage or a high @entity16401 percentage respectively. On multivariate analysis, @entity16402 (OR: 10.1, 95%CI: 2.6-38.6; p= 0,001) and @entity16401 expression (OR: 0.319; 95%CI: 0.112-0.907; p= 0.032) were independent predictors of a high @entity2717 .Here we present the first evidence of autophagy deregulation in @entity1069 . These results raise many questions about the mechanisms mediating the @entity4623 that need to be addressed.

title: Autophagy deactivation is associated with severe @entity1069 in XXXX with lower urinary tract symptoms and benign prostatic hyperplasia.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['Inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1069 :: ('MESH:D053448', 'Disease') :: ['prostatic inflammation', 'prostatitis']

entities_list: @entity4623 :: ('MESH:D011469', 'Disease') :: ['autophagy dysfunction and the links to prostatic inflammation']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) @entity19112 of the gene @entity4819 is associated with serum @entity53 (E2) levels in Caucasian @entity1 . However, it remains to be verified if @entity19112 is the sole determinant accounting for the association. We determined whether 2 @entity4819 SNPs tagging different haploblocks ( @entity19112 and @entity19113 ) are associated with sex @entity134 levels in Chinese men. METHOD: Serum sex @entity134 level including E2, @entity1815 (E1) and @entity251 (T), of 1402 Chinese @entity1 aged > or = 65 years were analyzed. Genotyping of the two @entity4819 SNPs was performed using Tm-shift allele-specific PCR. RESULTS: SNP @entity19113 was significantly associated with serum E2, E1 levels and E2/T ratio (p<0.001). However, SNP @entity19112 was only modestly associated with E2/T ratio (p=0.023). Analysis of haplotype showed a significant association between C-G, T-T haplotype with serum E2/T ratio (p=0.019 and p=1 x 10(-5), respectively). Similarly, E2 levels was also associated the T-T and T-G haplotypes (p=1 x 10(-5)). CONCLUSION: The genetic variation of @entity4819 was associated with circulating @entity172 levels in Chinese elderly @entity1 . In addition, it revealed that haplotype of @entity19113 and @entity19112 , rather than @entity19113 alone, was a better indicator for the serum E2/T ratio and E2 levels.

title: Association of genetic variations in aromatase gene with serum @entity172 and @entity172 / XXXX ratio in Chinese elderly @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['estradiol']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

answer: @entity251 :: (MESH:D013739,Chemical) :: ['testosterone']


abstract: PURPOSE: We present a case of @entity2694 with @entity384 and tortuosity of the retinal veins. CASE: A 74-year-old @entity1 presented at his local eye hospital with left @entity4 and @entity158 . He was referred to our hospital. At the initial examination, the intraocular pressure was 19 mmHg OD and 40 mmHg OS. Examination of the left eye revealed @entity4 with @entity384 , and @entity384 and tortuousity of the retinal veins. Magnetic resonance imaging showed marked thickening of the left extraocular muscles, and suspected compression of the left superior and inferior ophthalmic veins. We diagnosed left @entity2694 , and administered a tapering course of @entity617 starting at 40 mg daily. Thirteen days later, the conjunctival findings improved, but the left fundus showed signs of @entity2994 . Subsequently, the @entity384 and tortuousity of the retinal veins gradually improved. At the final examination, recurrence was not noted. CONCLUSION: We report a case of @entity2694 with central @entity2994 . The @entity384 and tortuousity of the conjunctiva and central @entity2994 improved with @entity479 therapy only. These Conditions improved because the inflammatory swelling of the extraocular muscle disappeared and the pressure to the vein was relieved.

title: [A case of XXXX with variable ocular manifestations].

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['dilated and tortuous blood vessels', 'dilatation']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['conjunctival edema']

entities_list: @entity2994 :: ('MESH:D012170', 'Disease') :: ['non-ischaemic central retinal vein occlusion', 'retinal vein occlusion']

entities_list: @entity2694 :: ('MESH:D009916', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic orbital inflammatory diseases', 'idiopathic orbital inflammatory disease']

entities_list: @entity617 :: ('MESH:D011239', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisolone']

answer: @entity2694 :: (MESH:D009916,Disease) :: ['idiopathic orbital inflammatory disease']


abstract: A nationwide epidemiologic study of @entity195 of the Alzheimer type (PDAT) with onset through age 60 years was carried out in Israel. The Israeli National @entity16 Register and clinical records of all @entity1 discharged from hospitals between 1974 and 1983 with a neurologic or @entity146 diagnosis suggestive of @entity303 were reviewed. A total of 71 Jewish @entity1 with onset of PDAT between 1974 and 1978 was ascertained. The age at onset in these @entity1 ranged from 43 to 60 years. The median survival was 8.1 years, with slightly longer survival if onset occurred before age 55 years, even after correction for expected mortality according to age and sex. The average annual incidence rate per 100,000 population at risk was 2.4 in the population aged 40 through 60 years. Although the incidence rates were slightly greater for @entity1 , the difference between the rates by sex was not statistically significant. The age- and sex-adjusted incidence of PDAT per 100,000 population was significantly higher in those born in Europe or America (2.9) than in those born in Africa or Asia (1.4). No significant difference in survival was found between these two groups. The curve of the incidence rates by age for PDAT in Israel is continuous with that for @entity195 of the Alzheimer type collected by similar methods elsewhere, which suggests that one disease process may account for both conditions.

title: XXXX in Israel.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['Neurologic Disease']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['senile dementia', 'presenile dementia']

answer: @entity195 :: (MESH:D000544,Disease) :: ['Presenile dementia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To document the @entity92 ( @entity92 ) and clinical outcome after kite shield-shaped wedge (K-wedge) recession trochleoplasty in toy-breed @entity235 with medial patellar luxation (MPL). STUDY DESIGN: Case series. ANIMALS: Seven toy-breed @entity235 (<5   kg) with uni- or bilateral grades II-IV MPL (10 stifles). METHODS: A K-wedge recession trochleoplasty was performed in all @entity235 in combination with other surgical procedures as treatment for MPL. The @entity92 , the ratio of the proximal @entity92 to patella thickness, and the presence of osteophytes were determined from computed tomography images taken pre-, and 1 and 12 months postoperative. @entity1273 scores and MPL grade were also recorded. RESULTS: The @entity92 and the ratio of proximal @entity92 to patella thickness increased significantly immediately postoperative and remained increased at 1 and 12 months postoperative. The osteophyte score was significantly higher at 12 months postoperative than preoperative. All @entity235 had a reduction in MPL grade and improvement in lameness postoperative. CONCLUSION: K-wedge recession trochleoplasty was successful in treating MPL in a series of toy-breed @entity235 and offers an alternate to other trochlear recession techniques.

title: Kite Shield-Shaped Wedge Recession for Treatment of Medial Patellar Luxation in Seven Small-Breed XXXX .

entities_list: @entity92 :: ('MESH:D007222', 'Disease') :: ['TD', 'trochlear depth']

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['Dogs']


abstract: From 1984 to 1991 439 @entity1 with @entity174 of the coxal femur (303 @entity2249 , 136 pertrochanteric @entity174 ) were treated by primary arthroplasty. The average age of the 370 female and 69 male @entity1 was 80.9 (+/- 9.9) years. In 368 @entity1 (83.8%) concomitant diseases were diagnosed and 212 @entity1 (48.3%) showed more than 1 risk factor. There were 205 alloarthroplasties and 234 hemiarthroplasties performed. The percentage of @entity1 treated by total hip endoprosthesis was 31.2% in 1984 and increased to 63.1% in 1991. In 49.2% of all cases general complications occurred, @entity580 and pressure sores. @entity532 were diagnosed after 10.5% of all operations. The 30-day-mortality was 5.2%, the in-hospital-mortality 5.9%. Statistical analysis by multivariate logistic regression showed an independent negative influence of pre-operative immobility, pertrochanteric @entity174 , @entity6 and multiple concomitant diseases on mortality. Age, sex or other single risk factors were not independently associated with an increased mortality. @entity1 with the above mentioned risk factors are easy to identify pre-operatively and do perform better after intensive preparation, short operation time and early mobilisation after surgery.

title: [Risk analysis of primary endoprosthetic management of proximal femur XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2249 :: ('MESH:D005265', 'Disease') :: ['femoral neck fractures']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity532 :: ('MESH:D003925', 'Disease') :: ['Local (surgical) complications']

entities_list: @entity580 :: ('MESH:D003428', 'Disease') :: ['pre-dominantly nosocomial infections']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['fractures']


abstract: @entity1004 ( @entity1004 ) is prevalent worldwide and often has mental health sequelae. The aims of this study were (a) to describe the prevalence and the nature of @entity1005 symptoms among Indian @entity1 reporting @entity1004 , (b) to study the relationship between symptoms of @entity1005 and @entity308 , and (c) to examine the relationship between @entity458 and @entity1005 symptoms. Consecutive @entity1 (n = 105) presenting to an adult psychiatry outpatient unit of National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences in South India were recruited. These @entity1 were assessed for @entity1004 , @entity458 , @entity1005 symptoms, and @entity308 . Fifty-nine @entity1 (56%) reported a history of @entity1004 , of whom 41 (70%) also reported @entity458 . Among @entity1 reporting @entity1004 , seven (14%) exceeded cut-off scores for @entity1005 and twelve (20%) exceeded cut-off scores for sub-threshold @entity1005 . The majority of those reporting @entity1004 exceeded cut-off scores for a @entity308 . Compared to @entity1 without a history of @entity1004 , @entity1 reporting @entity1004 had higher scores on @entity1005 and @entity308 . Severity of violence and @entity458 correlated positively (r = 0.39) with @entity1005 severity. The findings highlight the importance of screening @entity1 for @entity1004 and its sequelae, in mental health settings.

title: @entity1 reporting intimate partner violence in India: associations with XXXX and @entity308 .

entities_list: @entity1004 :: ('MESH:C563733', 'Disease') :: ['Intimate Partner Violence', 'IPV']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive disorder', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['sexual coercion']

answer: @entity1005 :: (MESH:D013313,Disease) :: ['PTSD']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 8010 Background: We sought to clarify the long-term side effects of treatment and quality of life (QOL) of @entity0 survivors. METHODS: We conducted a case-control study of survivors, <=  10 years disease-free since diagnosis, matched to @entity1 with @entity1558 for age, years followed, and demographic profile. Data was collected for routine blood tests, lipids, bone mineral density (BMD), exercise step test, HRT use, vitamin and alternative medication (AM) use, arm strength and measurements, health history, and for survivors, @entity0 demographics. QOL instruments included EORTC QLQ-C30, SF36, and QOL-CS. RESULTS: N = 850, 425 cases, 425 controls. For cases, average @entity5 size was 2.2 cm, 57% ER +, 40% PR +. 93.8% had axillary nodal dissection, 24.1% had positive nodes, median of 11.8 nodes removed, median of 1 positive. 59.7% had lumpectomy, 50.8% radiotherapy, 33% @entity440 , 4.9% ovarian ablation, 22.8% chemotherapy, and 13% breast reconstruction. Cases had significantly more pack years smoked (p = 0.04), higher @entity165 (p = 0.01), @entity1674 (p = 0.02), LDL (p = 0.04), @entity165 /HDL ratio (p < 0.001); and significantly less @entity625 (p = 0.01), GI (p = 0.01) and GU (p = 0.006) complaints, and HRT use (p < 0.0001). BMD was not different. Controls used significantly more AM, cases more mental imagery (p = 0.0002). Cases had significantly larger arm circumferences (p = 0.002), decreased handgrip strength (p = 0.04), controlled for dominant arm and side of surgery. SF 36: social functioning was better for controls (p = 0.03) and role-emotional (p = 0.03). EORTC-QLQ-C30: controls had more @entity158 (p = 0.05), cases had financial difficulties (p = 0.04). QOL-CS: controls had better psychological (p<0.0001) and social functioning (p<0.0001), cases were more spiritual (p<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Breast @entity5 survivors had significantly increased arm circumferences, decreased handgrip strength, elevated lipids, @entity6314 , but improved spirituality. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: Ten-year XXXX survival - at what cost in @entity1 and physical terms? A case-control study of long-term survivors of @entity0 and their physical and functional well-being.

entities_list: @entity6314 :: ('MESH:D006315', 'Disease') :: ['decreased psychological and social functioning']

entities_list: @entity440 :: ('MESH:D013629', 'Chemical') :: ['tamoxifen']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['arthritis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity1558 :: ('MESH:D001941', 'Disease') :: ['benign breast disease']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: AIM: The aim of the present observational study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of @entity787 , CA 19-9 and CA 72-4 in @entity1 with @entity1744 . METHODS: One-hundred three @entity1 admitted to an emergency unit with clinical and radiological signs of @entity432 of unknown origin were prospectively studied. @entity1 submitted to emergency surgery were excluded. All @entity1 underwent standard diagnostic procedures and serological assay of @entity5 markers. RESULTS: @entity14 was diagnosed in 22 @entity1 (21.4%), while 81 @entity1 (78.6%) presented a benign condition. The sensitivity of @entity787 , CA 19-9 and CA 72-4 for @entity14 was 36.4%, 31.8% and 9.1%, respectively. Marker specificity was 91.4%, 90.1% and 95.1%, respectively. The combination of @entity787 and CA 19-9 increased the sensitivity to 45.5% but decreased the specificity to 83.9%. The overall accuracy was 79.6%, 77.7% and 76.7%, respectively. All positive @entity5 cases had @entity1442 . All @entity1 with @entity787 levels >10 ng/mL or CA 19-9 >100 U/mL had @entity14 . CONCLUSIONS: Even in a highly selected population, @entity5 marker sensitivity was rather low and specificity incomplete. However, elevated levels may guide the diagnostic and therapeutic course in @entity1 with obstructing @entity14 .

title: Clinical utility of serum @entity5 markers in the diagnosis of XXXX . A prospective observational study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity1442 :: ('MESH:D020178', 'Disease') :: ['advanced disease']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['Colorectal cancer', 'colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal occlusion']

entities_list: @entity1744 :: ('MESH:D043183', 'Disease') :: ['bowel obstruction']

answer: @entity432 :: (MESH:D001157,Disease) :: ['malignant intestinal occlusion']


abstract: We are currently studying the soluble egg antigens of @entity2042 in an attempt to determine which antigens are potent immunogens. Previously, we demonstrated by Ouchterlony immunodiffusion and inhibition of the circumoval precipitin test that the glycoprotein fraction of soluble egg antigens contains the antigens which are most immunogenic in natural infections. The soluble egg antigen glycoproteins have now been further fractionated via hydrophobic interaction chromatography on @entity4364 . We found that there were at least two antigens involved in the circumoval precipitin reaction. Both the hydrophilic antigen which we call japonicum antigen glycoprotein II (JAG II) and a mixture of hydrophobic antigens (JAG III and the JAG IV complex) were capable of causing a 50% inhibition of the COP reaction around @entity2043 eggs. JAG II was not a major serological antigen of @entity2043 since it gave only a weak precipitin line upon Ouchterlony immunodiffusion analysis with pooled sera from Filipino @entity1 with chronic @entity2043 infections. Hydrophobic interaction chromatography yielded preparations which were sufficiently pure for use in radioimmunoassays. By radioimmunoassay, the best antigens among the glycoproteins were moderately hydrophobic JAG III and the JAG IV complex. They had large amounts of antibody directed toward them in @entity1 with @entity2040 japonica and exhibited little reactivity with @entity383 . The hydrophilic glycoproteins JAG I and II were poor immunogens and extensively cross-reacted with @entity383 . This cross-reactivity means that diagnostic tests with crude soluble egg antigens would run the risk of potential false-negative results in @entity1 with other @entity2439 .

title: Fractionation of XXXX soluble egg antigen glycoproteins by hydrophobic interaction chromatography.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4364 :: ('MESH:C020927', 'Chemical') :: ['phenyl Sepharose']

entities_list: @entity2439 :: ('MESH:D014201', 'Disease') :: ['trematode infections']

entities_list: @entity2040 :: ('MESH:D012552', 'Disease') :: ['schistosomiasis']

entities_list: @entity2042 :: ('6182', 'Species') :: ['Schistosoma japonicum']

answer: @entity2042 :: (6182,Species) :: ['Schistosoma japonicum']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the risk of developing @entity3052 ( @entity3052 ) after adjuvant chemotherapy for @entity0 in older @entity1 . @entity1 AND METHODS: Data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results-Medicare linked database were used for @entity1 diagnosed with nonmetastatic @entity0 from 1992 to 2002. The primary end point was a claim with an inpatient or outpatient diagnosis of @entity3052 (International Classification of Diseases ninth revision, codes 205 to 208), comparing @entity1 treated with and without adjuvant chemotherapy, and by differing chemotherapy regimens. The cumulative hazard of @entity3052 was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Cox proportional hazards models were used to determine factors independently associated with the development of @entity3052 . RESULTS: In this observational study, there were 64,715 @entity1 : 10,130 received adjuvant chemotherapy and 54,585 did not. The median @entity1 age was 75.6 years (range, 66 to 104 years). The mean follow-up was 54.8 months (range, 13 to 144 months). The absolute risk of developing @entity3052 at 10 years after any adjuvant chemotherapy for @entity0 was 1.8% versus 1.2% for @entity1 who had not received chemotherapy. The adjusted hazard ratio for @entity3052 with adjuvant chemotherapy versus none was 1.53 (95% CI, 1.14 to 2.06). @entity1261 ( @entity1261 ) within the first year of diagnosis did not convey a significantly increased risk of @entity3052 (hazard ratio, 1.14; 95% CI, 0.67 to 1.92). CONCLUSION: There is a small but real increase in @entity3052 after adjuvant chemotherapy for @entity0 in older @entity1 . This study may underestimate the true incidence because @entity2590 cannot be identified through claims. @entity1261 use within the first year of diagnosis does not convey an increased risk of @entity3052 in older @entity1 .

title: Acute myeloid leukemia after adjuvant @entity0 therapy in older XXXX : understanding risk.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1261 :: ('1440', 'Gene') :: ['G-CSF', 'Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity2590 :: ('MESH:D009190', 'Disease') :: ['myelodysplastic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute myeloid leukemia', 'AML']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: Between June 1989 and June 1992, 12 @entity1 with advanced @entity1582 underwent peripheral blood stem cell autotransplantation after high-dose chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The conditioning regimen included melphalan (140 mg/m2), high-dose @entity786 (120 mg/kg), @entity1667 (2 g daily x 7), and total body irradiation (9-12 Gy). Transplant morbidity included severe @entity33 (n = 7) and @entity810 (n = 2) related to infusion of the stem cells. Engraftment was delayed (n = 4) in this heavily pretreated population, and two @entity1 had complete graft failure. Despite the advanced nature and chemotherapy-refractory state of their disease, 11 of 11 evaluable @entity1 achieved an objective response. Six @entity1 survived to leave the hospital, and four remain alive--one died of @entity3052 induced by prior melphalan exposure. Three of the four are relapse-free at a median of 24.9 months (range, 18-28 months). Some @entity1 with advanced refractory @entity1582 can achieve objective responses from highdose chemoradiotherapy with peripheral blood stem cell rescue. Harvesting peripheral blood stem cells from high-risk @entity1 early in their disease for later use may decrease the risk of graft failure. Peripheral blood stem cell transplantation after high-dose chemotherapy and total body irradiation can produce durable responses in @entity1 with advanced refractory @entity1582 .

title: Refractory and relapsing XXXX treated by blood stem cell transplantation.

entities_list: @entity1667 :: ('MESH:D008775', 'Chemical') :: ['methylprednisolone']

entities_list: @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['mucositis']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute leukemia']

entities_list: @entity1582 :: ('MESH:D009101', 'Disease') :: ['multiple myeloma', 'myeloma']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['acute renal failure']

answer: @entity1582 :: (MESH:D009101,Disease) :: ['multiple myeloma']


abstract: The aim of this study was to describe the imaging features by contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) of @entity1419 ( @entity1419 ) in @entity82 @entity1 . We registered the CEUS images of @entity82 @entity1 with histologically confirmed @entity1419 . In all cases magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was done to confirm the diagnosis and/or staging purposes. A total of 21 @entity1 met all the criteria to be included in the study. The median nodule size was 32 mm. All nodules showed contrast enhancement at arterial phase; in 10 cases it was homogeneous and in 11 cases peripheral (rim-like). All nodules displayed washout during the venous phases; it appeared during the first 60 seconds in 10 nodules, between 60-120 seconds in five cases, and in six cases after 2 minutes. Ten nodules (five larger than 2 cm) displayed homogeneous contrast uptake followed by washout and they correspond to the specific pattern of @entity157 according to the American Association for the Study of @entity409 criteria. However, none of these lesions displayed washout on MRI. CONCLUSION: CEUS should not be used as the sole imaging technique for conclusive @entity157 diagnosis and if the MRI does not display the diagnostic vascular pattern, a confirmatory biopsy is mandatory.

title: Intrahepatic peripheral cholangiocarcinoma in @entity82 @entity1 may display a vascular pattern similar to XXXX on contrast-enhanced ultrasound.

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['Liver Diseases']

entities_list: @entity1419 :: ('MESH:C535533', 'Disease') :: ['ICC', 'intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The development of long-acting, injectable atypical antipsychotics has provided a new paradigm for @entity161 treatment. The study was designed to assess whether a @entity1090 long-acting injection (RLAI) is associated with reduced relapses and service utilization in the real world. METHODS: The Psychiatric Inpatients Medical Claims dataset was used for the analysis. It is a longitudinal dataset that includes the National Health Insurance claims of service uses by a cohort of mentally ill @entity1 . The inclusion criteria for this analysis were @entity1 who: 1) had available information for at least 12 months after the first dose of RLAI; 2) had a primary diagnosis of @entity161 ; and 3) were regularly treated with RLAI for at least 1 year. @entity1 who accumulatively received at least 75-mg RLAI per 3-month period were considered to be undergoing regular treatment. Wilcoxon signed rank tests were performed to compare differences in numbers of acute admissions, hospital days, emergency room visits, and relapses between the pre- and post-RLAI periods in this 1-year mirror-image study. RESULTS: In total, 108 @entity1 were eligible for analysis. Significant reductions in the total annual numbers of acute hospital admissions by 55% (80 vs. 36, P = 0.0003), hospital days by 48% (4106 vs. 2126, P = 0.0021), and relapses by 54% (115 vs. 53, P = 0.0005) were observed. @entity341 was also observed, but did not reach statistical significance (55 vs. 25, P = 0.1255). CONCLUSIONS: This 1-year mirror-image analysis with claims-based data demonstrated that RLAI treatment was associated with reductions in relapses and hospital service utilization.

title: Relapse and long-acting injectable XXXX : a 1-year mirror image study with a national claims database in Taiwan.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['A reduction of emergency room visits']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity1090 :: ('MESH:D018967', 'Chemical') :: ['risperidone']

answer: @entity1090 :: (MESH:D018967,Chemical) :: ['risperidone']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Review of primary @entity189 of the peritoneum. TYPE OF STUDY: Retrospective. PLACE: Department of Gynaecology and Oncology, University Hospital, Rennes. SUBJECT: 16 @entity1 who underwent chemotherapy and surgery. RESULTS: Mean age at onset was 62 years with a late clinical diagnosis at an advanced stage. Macroscopically, peritoneal miliary was often associated with a predominant @entity5 formation on the epiploon. Treatment included surgical exeresis with endoxan- @entity900 chemotherapy. The prognosis was @entity43 at similar stages. CONCLUSION: @entity298 of the peritoneum is a separate group of peritoneal carcinosis distinguishable from peritoneal @entity2615 and which have a prognosis similar to @entity43 . These @entity5 should be classed as part of the large group of mullerian @entity5 .

title: [ XXXX . 16 case reports. Review of the literature].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['equivalent to ovarian tumours', 'ovarian tumours']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours', 'tumoural']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['seropapillary carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity2615 :: ('MESH:D008654', 'Disease') :: ['mesotheliomas']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['Primary seropapillary carcinosis']

answer: @entity298 :: (MESH:D010538,Disease) :: ['Primary seropapillary peritoneal carcinoma']


abstract: Although it is well recognized that @entity4585 can cause localized @entity3329 , widespread nodal involvement by @entity3052 ( @entity3052 ), clinically mimicking @entity1893 , has only been previously described twice. We report the clinicopathological, immunological, and cytochemical features of two @entity1 who had widespread, prominent @entity3329 secondary to @entity3052 as well as concurrent @entity236 (M1 and M2). For one @entity1 the @entity3329 was the predominant abnormality prompting him to seek medical attention, while the second @entity1 had symptoms of @entity281 following a 9-month history of @entity2590 . The disease in both @entity1 was @entity146 ; one @entity1 survived only 1 week and the other survived only 5 weeks after diagnosis. In both cases the @entity4585 was confirmed by cytochemistry studies ( @entity6201 ASD- @entity2863 esterase on tissue sections and @entity3335 on imprint smears), and electron microscopy, including morphology (both cases) or ultrastructural localization of @entity3335 (case 2). Non-specific esterase activity was not detected in either @entity1 's blasts, although serum lysozyme was elevated in both cases. Immunological studies revealed reactivity of both @entity1 ' cells with panleukocyte, MY4, MY7, OKM-1, and Leu-M1 monoclonal antibodies and with alpha-1-antitrypsin and muramidase antibodies. The cells of one of these @entity1 also reacted with anti-S-100 protein. Although the cytochemical studies indicated that both cases exhibited only myeloid differentiation, the immunological markers suggested that the @entity5 cells possessed some features of monocytes, perhaps explaining their propensity for widespread @entity5 formation. Morphological, immunological, cytochemical, and ultrastructural methods of diagnosing @entity4585 are presented.

title: Acute myelocytic leukemia manifested by prominent generalized XXXX : report of two cases with immunological, ultrastructural, and cytochemical studies.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3329 :: ('MESH:D008206', 'Disease') :: ['lymphadenopathy']

entities_list: @entity3335 :: ('4353', 'Gene') :: ['myeloperoxidase']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive']

entities_list: @entity6201 :: ('CHEBI:35682', 'Chemical') :: ['naphthol']

entities_list: @entity2590 :: ('MESH:D009190', 'Disease') :: ['myelodysplasia']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['AML', 'acute myelocytic leukemia']

entities_list: @entity2863 :: ('MESH:C006972', 'Chemical') :: ['chloroacetate']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ["non-Hodgkin's lymphoma"]

entities_list: @entity236 :: ('MESH:D001855', 'Disease') :: ['marrow leukemia']

entities_list: @entity4585 :: ('MESH:D023981', 'Disease') :: ['granulocytic sarcoma']

answer: @entity3329 :: (MESH:D008206,Disease) :: ['lymphadenopathy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Data from @entity645 treatment programs in resource-limited settings show extensive rates of loss to follow-up (LTFU) ranging from 5% to 40% within 6 mo of antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation. Our objective was to project the clinical impact and cost-effectiveness of interventions to prevent LTFU from @entity645 care in West Africa. METHODS AND FINDINGS: We used the Cost-Effectiveness of Preventing @entity791 Complications (CEPAC) International model to project the clinical benefits and cost-effectiveness of LTFU-prevention programs from a payer perspective. These programs include components such as eliminating ART co-payments, eliminating charges to @entity1 for @entity1292 -related drugs, improving personnel training, and providing meals and reimbursing for transportation for @entity1 . The efficacies and costs of these interventions were extensively varied in sensitivity analyses. We used World Health Organization criteria of <3x gross domestic product per capita (3x @entity3006 per capita = US 2,823 for C  te d'Ivoire) as a plausible threshold for "cost-effectiveness." The main results are based on a reported 18% 1-y LTFU rate. With full retention in care, projected per- @entity1 discounted life expectancy starting from age 37 y was 144.7 mo (12.1 y). Survival losses from LTFU within 1 y of ART initiation ranged from 73.9 to 80.7 mo. The intervention costing US 22/ @entity1 /year (e.g., eliminating ART co-payment) would be cost-effective with an efficacy of at least 12%. An intervention costing US 77/ @entity1 /year (inclusive of all the components described above) would be cost-effective with an efficacy of at least 41%. CONCLUSIONS: Interventions that prevent LTFU in resource-limited settings would substantially improve survival and would be cost-effective by international criteria with efficacy of at least 12%-41%, depending on the cost of intervention, based on a reported 18% cumulative incidence of LTFU at 1 y after ART initiation. The commitment to start ART and treat @entity645 in these settings should include interventions to prevent LTFU.

title: Cost-effectiveness of preventing loss to follow-up in XXXX treatment programs: a C  te d'Ivoire appraisal.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'person']

entities_list: @entity1292 :: ('MESH:D009894', 'Disease') :: ['opportunistic infection']

answer: @entity645 :: (57667,Species) :: ['HIV']


abstract: AIM: This study aims to create a predictive model for the assessment of the individual risk of developing @entity306 in a large cohort of selected high-risk @entity1 . @entity1 AND METHODS: 1099 NICU-admitted high-risk @entity1 were assessed up to the corrected age of at least 12 months. @entity2723 was categorized relative to subtype, distribution and severity. Several perinatal characteristics (gender, gestational age, @entity6677 , small for gestational age, perinatal @entity1763 and duration of mechanical ventilation), besides neonatal cerebral ultrasound data were used in the logistic regression model for the risk of @entity2723 . RESULTS: Perinatal @entity1763 , mechanical ventilation>7 days, @entity62 except for transient echodensities<7 days, intraventricular @entity548 grades III and IV, @entity385 were recognized as independent predictors for the development of @entity2723 . 95% of all @entity1 with @entity2723 were correctly identified at or above the cut-off value of 4.5% probability of @entity2723 development. Higher gestational age, perinatal @entity1763 and deep grey matter lesion are independent predictors for @entity508 (OR=1.1, 3.6, and 7.5, respectively). Independent risk factors for prediction of unilateral versus bilateral @entity508 are higher gestational age, @entity385 and parenchymal @entity1779 (OR=1.2, 31, and 17.6, respectively). Perinatal @entity1763 is the only significant variable retained for the prediction of severe @entity2723 versus mild or moderate @entity2723 . CONCLUSION: The presented model based on perinatal characteristics and neonatal US-detected @entity1545 is a useful tool in identifying specific @entity1 at risk for developing @entity2723 .

title: Predictability of XXXX in a high-risk NICU population.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'PATIENTS', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity1545 :: ('MESH:D020214', 'Disease') :: ['brain injuries']

entities_list: @entity6677 :: ('MESH:D016640', 'Disease') :: ['multiple gestation']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['haemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity508 :: ('MESH:D009128', 'Disease') :: ['spastic CP', 'non-spastic versus spastic CP']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['haemorrhagic infarction']

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['white matter disease']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral infarction and deep grey matter lesions', 'cerebral infarction']

entities_list: @entity306 :: ('MESH:D002547', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral palsy']

answer: @entity306 :: (MESH:D002547,Disease) :: ['cerebral palsy']


abstract: The efficacy of self-hypnosis in the treatment of @entity1118 was evaluated using a multiple baseline design for five @entity1 referred to the Auckland Hospital Pain Clinic. Subjects were selected for high hypnotisability using the Stanford Hypnotic Clinical Scale. Daily records of @entity158 intensity, sleep quality, medication requirements, and self-hypnosis practice were completed. At four research interviews the Health Locus of Control survey, the McGill Pain Questionnaire, and the Illness Self Concept Repertory Grid (ISCRG) were administered. Subjects also reported on daily activities and quality of life. Postal follow-up assessment occurred after 2 years. Two subjects reported overall improvement, two demonstrated little change in condition, although self-hypnosis was effective on some occasions, and one subject experienced deterioration in her condition. The @entity1 showed an increase in personal locus of control and a shift of self-concept away from @entity221 on the ISCRG. The results suggest that self-hypnosis can be a highly effective technique for some @entity1 with @entity1118 but not for all. Selection criteria and clinical factors other than hypnotisability need to be considered in further research, since even highly hypnotisable subjects may derive limited benefit from self-hypnosis.

title: Self-hypnosis in XXXX . A multiple baseline study of five highly hypnotisable subjects.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['physical illness']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain']

answer: @entity1118 :: (MESH:D059350,Disease) :: ['chronic pain']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Prior studies have shown a bidirectional association between @entity308 and @entity6 ( @entity6 ); however, the prospective associations of anger and @entity148 with @entity6 have not been established. We hypothesized that trait anger and @entity148 would predict incident @entity6 , independently of @entity308 . RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: In the Multi-ethnic Study of @entity731 (MESA), we prospectively examined the association of trait anger and trait @entity148 (assessed via the Spielberger Trait Anger and Anxiety Scales, respectively) with incident @entity6 over 11.4 years in 5598 White, Black, Hispanic, and Chinese @entity1 (53.2% @entity1 , mean age 61.6 years) at baseline without prevalent @entity65 . We used Cox proportional hazards models to calculate the hazard ratios (HR) of incident @entity6 by previously defined anger category (low, moderate, high), and @entity148 quartile, as there were no previously defined categories. RESULTS: High total trait anger was associated with incident @entity6 (HR 1.50; 95% CI 1.08-2.07) relative to low total trait anger. The association was attenuated following adjustment for waist circumference (HR 1.32; 95% CI 0.94-1.86). Higher anger reaction was also associated with incident @entity6 (HR=1.07; 95% CI 1.03-1.11) that remained significant after adjusting for potential confounders/explanatory factors. In contrast, trait @entity148 did not predict incident @entity6 . CONCLUSIONS: High total trait anger and anger reaction are potential modifiable risk factors for @entity6 . Further research is needed to explore the mechanisms of the @entity6 and to develop preventive interventions.

title: Trait anger but not XXXX predicts incident type 2 diabetes: The Multi-Ethnic Study of @entity731 (MESA).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive symptoms', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['anger-diabetes relationship', 'T2DM', 'type 2 diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['Atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['T2DM or cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity148 :: (MESH:D001008,Disease) :: ['anxiety']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the proportion and rate of healing, @entity158 , and quality of life of low-strength @entity2850 ( @entity2850 ) with traditional bandages applied for the treatment of recalcitrant @entity3179 . METHODS: A single-center, randomized, open-label study was performed with consecutive @entity1 . Sigvaris prototype @entity2850 providing 15 mm Hg-25 mm Hg at the ankle were compared with multi-layer short-stretch bandages. In both groups, pads were placed above incompetent perforating veins in the @entity1066 area. The initial static pressure between the dressing-covered @entity1066 and the pad was 29 mm Hg and 49 mm Hg with @entity2850 and bandages, respectively. Dynamic pressure measurements showed no difference. Compression was maintained day and night and changed every week. The primary endpoint was healing within 90 days. Secondary endpoints were healing within 180 days, time to healing, @entity158 (weekly Likert scales), and monthly quality of life ( @entity4096 Quality of Life [CIVIQ] questionnaire). RESULTS: Of 74 @entity1 screened, 60 fulfilled the selection criteria and 55 completed the study; 28 in the @entity2850 and 27 in the bandage group. Ulcers were recurrent (48%), long lasting (mean, 27 months), and large (mean, 13 cm2). All but one @entity1 had deep @entity1211 perforating veins in addition to trunk varices. Characteristics of @entity1 and @entity1066 were evenly distributed (exception: more @entity4 in the @entity2850 group; P = .019). Healing within 90 days was observed in 36% with @entity2850 and in 48% with bandages (P = .350). Healing within 180 days was documented in 50% with @entity2850 and in 67% with bandages (P = .210). Time to healing was identical. @entity158 scored 44 and 46 initially (on a scale in which 100 referred to maximum and 0 to no @entity158 ) and decreased within the first week to 20 and 28 in the @entity2850 and bandage groups, respectively (P < .001 vs .010). Quality of life showed no difference between the treatment groups. In both groups, @entity158 at 90 days had decreased by half, independent of completion of healing. Physical, social, and @entity73 improved significantly in @entity1 with healed @entity1066 only. CONCLUSION: Our study illustrates the difficulty of bringing large and long-standing @entity3179 to heal. The effect of compression with @entity2850 was not different from that of compression with bandages. Both treatments alleviated @entity158 promptly. Quality of life was improved only in @entity1 whose @entity1066 had healed.

title: Comparison of low-strength compression stockings with bandages for the treatment of recalcitrant XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['psychic impairment']

entities_list: @entity3179 :: ('MESH:D014647', 'Disease') :: ['venous ulcers', 'venous leg ulcers']

entities_list: @entity2850 :: ('MESH:D009408', 'Disease') :: ['medical compression stockings', 'MCS']

entities_list: @entity4096 :: ('MESH:D014689', 'Disease') :: ['ChronIc Venous Insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['venous reflux and/or incompetent']

answer: @entity3179 :: (MESH:D014647,Disease) :: ['venous ulcers']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1313 are the most common solid cancers in @entity1 . Molecular characterisation of these @entity5 is important for providing novel biomarkers of disease and identifying molecular pathways which may provide putative targets for new therapies. 1H magic angle spinning NMR spectroscopy (1H HR-MAS) is a powerful tool for determining metabolite profiles from small pieces of intact tissue and could potentially provide important molecular information. METHODS: Forty tissue samples from 29 @entity1 with glial and primitive @entity5 were analysed using HR-MAS (600 MHz Varian gHX nanoprobe). Tumour spectra were fitted to a library of individual metabolite spectra to provide metabolite values. These values were then used in a two tailed t-test and multi-variate analysis employing a principal component analysis and a linear discriminant analysis. Classification accuracy was estimated using a leave-one-out analysis and B632+ bootstrapping. RESULTS: @entity5 had significantly (two tailed t-test p < 0.05) higher @entity908 and @entity1160 and lower @entity2226 , @entity2230 , @entity2945 and @entity1877 compared with primitive @entity5 . Classification accuracy was 90%. @entity2946 (n = 9) had significantly (two tailed t-test p < 0.05) higher @entity908 , @entity1160 , @entity2945 , @entity2228 and @entity2947 than @entity521 (n = 7), classification accuracy was 94%. Supratentorial primitive @entity5 had metabolite profiles in keeping with other primitive @entity5 whilst @entity424 (n = 2) had metabolite profiles intermediate between @entity816 (n = 10) and primitive @entity5 . CONCLUSION: HR-MAS identified key differences in the metabolite profiles of childhood brain and nervous system improving the molecular characterisation of these @entity5 . Further investigation of the underlying molecular pathways is required to assess their potential as targets for new agents.

title: High resolution magic angle spinning 1H NMR of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity424 :: ('MESH:D004806', 'Disease') :: ['ependymomas']

entities_list: @entity1160 :: ('CHEBI:28300', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamine']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['Brain and nervous system tumours']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neuro-ectodermal tumours', 'tumours', 'Glial tumours']

entities_list: @entity908 :: ('MESH:D003401', 'Chemical') :: ['creatine']

entities_list: @entity2228 :: ('CHEBI:57305', 'Chemical') :: ['glycine']

entities_list: @entity2230 :: ('MESH:C005448', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphoethanolamine']

entities_list: @entity2947 :: ('MESH:C009217', 'Chemical') :: ['scyllo-inositol']

entities_list: @entity816 :: ('MESH:D001254', 'Disease') :: ['pilocytic astrocytomas']

entities_list: @entity521 :: ('MESH:D009447', 'Disease') :: ['neuroblastomas']

entities_list: @entity2945 :: ('MESH:D010767', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphorylcholine']

entities_list: @entity2946 :: ('MESH:D008527', 'Disease') :: ['Medulloblastomas']

answer: @entity1313 :: (MESH:D001932,Disease) :: ['childhood brain and nervous system tumours']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Activation of monocytes and differentiation into lipid-laden macrophages are fundamental events in generation of @entity731 . There exist few data on monocyte activity and the risk for @entity731 . In this prospective population-based study, we examined whether monocyte count in blood is a predictor of future plaque formation in @entity1 without pre-existing @entity2998 . METHODS: At baseline, we measured monocyte count, white cell count (WCC), @entity2002 , @entity121 ( @entity121 ), and traditional cardiovascular risk factors in 2610 @entity1 and @entity1 aged 25 to 82 years who on ultrasound had no plaque in their right carotid artery. After 7 years of follow-up, a new ultrasound screening was performed and the number of novel plaques was grouped as none, 1 plaque, and 2 or more plaques. RESULTS: In multivariate analysis, monocyte count, age, sex, total @entity165 , current smoking, systolic blood pressure, and @entity121 were independent predictors of novel plaque formation. No significant association was found between plaque formation and either WCC or @entity2002 . For 1 standard deviation (0.17x10(9)) increase in monocyte count, the risk of being in a higher plaque category increased by 18% (OR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.08 to 1.29). In the highest monocyte quartile, the risk for having plaque compared with the lowest quartile was 1.85 (OR) (95% confidence interval, 1.41 to 2.43). Repeating the analysis without @entity121 did not change the monocyte estimate. Excluding subjects with @entity65 and @entity6 from analysis neither changed the monocyte estimate. CONCLUSIONS: Monocyte count is an independent predictor of future plaque formation in subjects without pre-existing @entity2998 .

title: Monocyte count is a predictor of novel plaque formation: a 7-year follow-up study of 2610 XXXX without carotid plaque at baseline the Troms   Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'persons', 'men']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity2998 :: ('MESH:D002340', 'Disease') :: ['carotid atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis', 'atherosclerotic lesions']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['IMT', 'intima-media thickness']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['persons']


abstract: PURPOSE: To assess the outcome and the prognosis of adults with a @entity5 related to the @entity2828 family of @entity5 . @entity1 AND METHODS: The outcomes of 182 consecutive @entity1 older than 15 years with @entity2828 or related @entity5 managed from 1982 to 1992 were reviewed, without any selection according to primary @entity5 site or disease extension. RESULTS: Of 182 @entity1 , 53 had evidence of @entity3 at presentation (29%). @entity5 size was greater than 10 cm in 70 @entity1 (41%). With a median follow-up duration of 66 months, the 5-year overall survival (OS) rate was 41%. In @entity1 with @entity66 , 5-year OS rate was 54% and 5-year progression-free survival (PFS) rate, 43%. Late relapses after 5 years accounted for 9% of relapses. @entity3 at presentation (P = .00001), pelvic @entity75 (P = .0025), and @entity5 size greater than 10 cm (P = .004) were independent prognostic factors for survival. Five-year OS was 67% in @entity1 with nonpelvic @entity5 < or = 10 cm, 52% in those with @entity530 less than 10 cm or extrapelvic @entity5 > or = 10 cm, 16% in those with @entity530 greater than 10 cm, and 9% in those with @entity3 (P = .00001). CONCLUSION: Based on our experience and a review of the literature, we concluded that the natural history and the prognosis of the @entity2828 in adults are not different from that found in @entity1 . A greater @entity5 bulk in adults may explain the less favorable prognosis previously reported by others. Outcome could be adequately monitored by a simple prognostic index.

title: XXXX in adults: multivariate analysis of survival and long-term results of multimodality therapy in 182 @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity2828 :: ('MESH:D012512', 'Disease') :: ["Ewing's family of tumors", "Ewing's sarcoma"]

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['localized disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor', 'neoplasms', 'neoplasm', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['primary lesion']

entities_list: @entity530 :: ('MESH:D010386', 'Disease') :: ['pelvic tumors']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'Metastasis', 'metastases']

answer: @entity2828 :: (MESH:D012512,Disease) :: ['Ewing's family of tumors']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity4267 ( @entity4267 ) is a rare, segmental, nonatheromatous, and noninflammatory arterial disease of unknown etiology. It predominantly involves renal artery (60-75%) followed by extracranial part of the internal carotid artery and vertebral arteries (25-30%). The disease typically affects middle-aged @entity1 and involves intermediate-sized arteries throughout the body. There are rare case reports of extracranial @entity4267 compounding a @entity130 case. A @entity1 was brought to @entity130 center emergency with a history of fall from height. There were one previous episode of @entity410 and two episodes of @entity391 . His Glasgow @entity772 Scale on admission was E1V1M4. Noncontrast computed tomography of the head showed @entity174 on the right zygomatic, temporal, and parietal bone, with underlying thin @entity548 . The @entity1 underwent left frontotemporoparietal decompressive craniectomy and lax duraplasty with bone flap in bone bank. On the 1(st) postoperative day, he succumbed to his injuries despite timely surgery and necessary interventions. It was only postmortem when @entity4267 was diagnosed in carotid artery by histopathological examination. On microscopy, intimal changes were seen in the form of expansion of subendothelial loose matrix with mesenchymal cells, thickening and hyalinization of the internal elastic lamina, areas of duplication and disruption of internal elastic lamina. Medial wall changes included thickening of the wall, focal loss of the smooth muscle, and replacement with @entity82 ( @entity6349 ). This case emphasizes the importance of considering this disease in the differential diagnosis of @entity1 and young adults with @entity64 (which subsequently lead to his fall).

title: Internal Carotid Artery Fibromuscular Dysplasia in a XXXX : Incidental Postmortem Finding after Head Injury.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'children', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['subdural hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity4267 :: ('MESH:D005352', 'Disease') :: ['Fibromuscular dysplasia', 'FMD']

entities_list: @entity6349 :: ('MESH:D004416', 'Disease') :: ['dysplastic change']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Child']


abstract: Cell-mediated immune responses appear to be critical in the outcome of @entity1328 . Interleukin-12 (IL-12) was studied for its potential use as a therapeutic agent because of its stimulation of natural killer cells and gamma interferon production by stimulated T cells and natural killer cells. Gamma interferon-activated macrophages are important in host resistance against @entity1328 . In two separate studies, male BALB/c @entity19 were infected intravenously with @entity1327 . In the first study, @entity19 received either no treatment, 5.0 mg of @entity2380 alone per kg of body weight per day (by gavage twice daily), or IL-12 subcutaneously at 0.01, 0.1, or 1.0 microgram/day once daily (low-dose study) alone or in combination with 5.0 mg of @entity2380 per kg/day. In a second study (high dose), the dosages of IL-12 used were 1.0, 2.5, or 5.0 micrograms/day. Therapy was given for 10 consecutive days, and the number of CFU of @entity1327 remaining in various organs was quantitated 1 or 2 days after administration of the last dose. In the low-dose study, IL-12 at 0.1 or 1.0 microgram reduced the level of @entity75 by approximately 10-fold (P < 0.05) and IL-12 at 1.0 or 0.1 microgram/day enhanced the efficacy of @entity2380 . In liver, both the efficacy of IL-12 alone (0.01 or 0.1 microgram; P < 0.05) and enhancement of the efficacy of @entity2380 (P < 0.05) were seen. No efficacy of IL-12 was seen in spleens or lungs, although spleen weights increased fourfold in @entity19 given 1.0 microgram of IL-12 per day. In the high-dose study, all IL-12 doses alone again reduced the levels of @entity75 (5- to 8-fold; P < 0.05) when the two were given in combination. No overt @entity137 were observed at any dose, and overall, 1.0 microgram of IL-12 per day was found to be the optimal dosage for reducing @entity75 . To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of the efficacy of cytokine therapy in @entity75 with @entity1327 . The stimulation of cell-mediated immunity represents a new approach to therapy and can enhance suboptimal antimicrobial chemotherapy. IL-12 should be considered for further study and for clinical trials. These studies suggest that other opportunistic central nervous system pathogens should also be investigated.

title: Cytokine treatment of central nervous system infection: efficacy of interleukin-12 alone and synergy with conventional antifungal therapy in experimental XXXX .

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity2380 :: ('MESH:D015725', 'Chemical') :: ['fluconazole']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain infection', 'infection in the brain', 'systemic and particularly brain infections']

entities_list: @entity1327 :: ('5207', 'Species') :: ['Cryptococcus neoformans', 'C. neoformans']

entities_list: @entity1328 :: ('MESH:D003453', 'Disease') :: ['cryptococcosis']

answer: @entity1328 :: (MESH:D003453,Disease) :: ['cryptococcosis']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Intraoperative radiofrequency (RF) ablation is an effective treatment of @entity955 ( @entity955 ). However, secondary @entity943 late after ablation may complicate the @entity1 's course. We report on the incidence, mechanisms, and treatment of gap-related @entity956 and other secondary @entity943 during long-term follow-up. METHODS AND RESULTS: In 129 @entity1 who underwent intraoperative RF ablation with placement of left @entity75 using minimally invasive surgical techniques, secondary @entity943 were analyzed during long-term follow-up (20 +/- 6 months). Transient @entity943 during the first 3 postoperative months were excluded. In 8 (6.2%) of 129 @entity1 , sustained stable secondary @entity943 were documented. Left atrial, gap-related @entity956 was observed in 4 @entity1 (3.1%). The flutter was treated by percutaneous RF ablation in 3 @entity1 (2.3%) and with drugs in 1 @entity1 (0.8%). In 2 @entity1 (1.6%), right atrial isthmus-dependent @entity956 occurred and was treated successfully by percutaneous RF ablation. In 2 @entity1 (1.6%), ectopic right @entity591 occurred and were treated with percutaneous RF ablation. CONCLUSION: Late after intraoperative RF ablation of @entity955 , three types of stable secondary @entity943 were observed in 6% of @entity1 : left atrial gap-related @entity956 , right atrial isthmus-dependent @entity956 , and ectopic @entity591 . Gaps after intraoperative RF ablation due to noncontinuous or nontransmural linear lesions may lead to stable left atrial macroreentrant @entity591 , requiring new interventional therapy.

title: Stable secondary XXXX late after intraoperative radiofrequency ablation of @entity955 : incidence, mechanism, and treatment.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['atrial linear lesions']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['atrial tachycardias', 'atrial tachycardia', 'tachycardias']

entities_list: @entity956 :: ('MESH:D001282', 'Disease') :: ['atrial flutter']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation', 'AF']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['atrial arrhythmias', 'arrhythmias']

answer: @entity943 :: (MESH:D001145,Disease) :: ['arrhythmias']


abstract: For more than 50 years, clinicians have relied primarily on the same visual and mechanical assessment methods to diagnose and classify @entity2520 . Clinical signs are simply a measurement of the past damage of a disease process. While clinical presentation and probing depths are indicators that the disease exists, these alone cannot determine the types and quantities of the responsible pathogens. Likewise, clinical signs alone cannot determine if therapy has achieved the goal of suppression of the etiological agent(s). Genetic presymptomatic testing complements bacterial DNA testing by providing insight into the @entity1 's genetic predisposition to @entity2520 before symptoms appear, or when disease is already present. DNA-PCR testing of saliva can help the clinician provide an earlier and more specific diagnosis of disease based on causation. Treatment planning is also enhanced, as therapy can be appropriately modified based on both clinical and biological inflammatory factors. Finally, @entity1 communication and case acceptance can be more readily achieved because the test reports elicit a persuasive "seeing is believing" attitude when reviewing test results with @entity1 . Through the use of accurate periodontal charting, medical and dental risk assessments, and other diagnostic screening tests such as OralNA's MyPerioPath and MyPerioID @entity4913 tests, highly personalized periodontal therapy can be developed and carried out by the general practitioner. There has never been a better time to become more aware, and keep tighter control, of the periodontal status of one's @entity1 base. Many @entity1 are asking dentists about the connection between periodontal health and general health, While it currently would not be appropriate to suggest a causative relationship, there is abundant ongoing research that suggests a correlative relationship between @entity2520 and other whole-body ailments. Many @entity1 have refused periodontal care or denied the importance of maintaining their periodontal health. The use of tools such as the OralDNA test report can assist in achieving @entity1 acceptance of needed treatment and cooperation with the clinician to improve their periodontal health. The contents of the report and the visual presentation demonstrate that many @entity1 have an active infection that can be stabilized if treated. @entity1 also provide more information about other factors that may contribute to their periodontal condition. Further, the OralDNA report enhances dentist-physician communication and a team approach to @entity1 care.

title: Salivary testing for XXXX diagnosis and treatment.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2520 :: ('MESH:D010510', 'Disease') :: ['periodontal disease']

answer: @entity2520 :: (MESH:D010510,Disease) :: ['periodontal disease']


abstract: @entity5015 ( @entity5015 ) has been used prior to operation in 28 neonates (0 to 30 days) with @entity299 ( @entity299 ). The @entity1 were divided into two groups. Group I consisted of 19 neonates with @entity299 resulting in marked cyanosis. Thirteen @entity1 had @entity1146 , three had @entity215 , and three had complex defects with @entity849 . All @entity1 were markedly hypoxemic. The average @entity26 saturation was 41%. @entity5015 infusion, 0.1 mcg/kg/min, was successful in 17 of 19 @entity1 , as it resulted in an increase in @entity26 saturation from 41% to 79%, average increase 38%. Two @entity1 did not respond to @entity5015 infusion. One was 30 days of age and the other had no @entity1 ductus arteriosus. All of the @entity1 underwent a palliative shunt procedure. There were three hospital deaths in this group. No @entity1 died of @entity519 . Group II consisted of nine @entity1 whose @entity299 was predominantly that of @entity2333 with clinical manifestations of @entity712 , hypoperfusion, and @entity2185 . Six of these @entity1 had complicated @entity1498 . Three @entity1 had interruption of the aortic arch. The pH of these @entity1 averaged 7.19. @entity5015 infusion resulted in improvement of the pH to average of 7.37, improvement of @entity712 , and reappearance of femoral pulses. One @entity1 failed to respond. All @entity1 in Group II underwent operation. There were three hospital deaths in this group. No @entity1 died intraoperatively. @entity5015 infusion is a valuable aid to surgical treatment of desperately ill neonates with both cyanotic and acyanotic forms of @entity299 .

title: XXXX as an adjunct to emergency cardiac operation in neonates.

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure', 'cardiac failure']

entities_list: @entity215 :: ('MESH:D013771', 'Disease') :: ['tetralogy of Fallot']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity5015 :: ('MESH:D000527', 'Chemical') :: ['Prostaglandin E1', 'PGE1']

entities_list: @entity849 :: ('MESH:D011666', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary stenosis']

entities_list: @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxemia']

entities_list: @entity1498 :: ('MESH:D001017', 'Disease') :: ['coarctation of the aorta']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['CHD', 'congenital heart disease']

entities_list: @entity1146 :: ('MESH:D018633', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary atresia']

entities_list: @entity2333 :: ('MESH:D001018', 'Disease') :: ['aortic obstructive disease']

answer: @entity5015 :: (MESH:D000527,Chemical) :: ['Prostaglandin E1']


abstract: In summer of 2009, During the period of 20-June - 31-August in total 32 @entity1 with the clinical diagnosis of @entity4008 were hospitalized in two hospitals of Tbilisi (Center for Infectious Pathologies and Iashvili @entity1 Clinic). Within a week's time (13 July-19 July) 9 @entity1 with suspected cases of @entity4008 were hospitalized in both clinic. Our attention was attracted by the increased number of hospitalized @entity1 within non-seasonal period. Goal of investigation was to establish the extent of the outbreak, to detect possible exposures, and to establish recommendations for prevention activities of disease. For laboratory confirmation cerebral spinal fluid biochemical and bacteriological (culturing) testing was used, but no single causative agent was isolated. To detect risk factors @entity1 ' were interviewed. 78.5% (25) of the hospitalized @entity1 were under 14 years of age, and among them--70% (22) preschool @entity1 . The most common exposure identified through the interviews with @entity1 included active or passive exposure to @entity286 smoking (38%), an existence of the recent upper @entity1729 (31%), and attending crowded places (23%). Since causative agents were not isolated, we were not able to establish whether the increasing number of disease was caused from different etiologic pathogens or from single agent. We were not able to establish the presence of an outbreak since no single causative agent was isolated. Previous use of antibiotics remains the only likely reason for low detection of the pathogen. Detected risk-factors for distribution of disease were smoking, existence of the recent upper @entity1729 , and attending crowded places. In order to control increasing number of @entity4008 , improving basic laboratory diagnosis by implementing advanced methods that are not affected by the prior use of antibiotics, such as serological testing might be crucial, as well as increasing awareness of population about risk factors of @entity4008 and importance of early seeking medical care.

title: Unexpected non-seasonal increase of XXXX in Georgia in 2009.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Child', 'children', 'patients', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity1729 :: ('MESH:D012141', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory infection']

entities_list: @entity4008 :: ('MESH:D016920', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial meningitis']

answer: @entity4008 :: (MESH:D016920,Disease) :: ['bacterial meningitis cases']


abstract: Purpose: The 21-gene (Oncotype DX) @entity4557 ( @entity4557 ) assay is useful in predicting the benefits of adjuvant chemotherapy for early @entity0 @entity1 and is widely used in Western countries. However, to date, it has not gained much popularity in East Asia. We analyzed the results from five institutions' experience from using the 21-gene assay and examined the impact of assay results on decision making of chemotherapy in Korean @entity0 @entity1 and the associations between @entity4557 and clinicopathologic characteristics. Materials and Methods: The 21-gene assay was performed on 212 @entity1 with @entity172 receptor-positive early @entity0 in five institutions. Each center made systemic treatment decisions both before and after the knowledge of assay results. Results: Among the 212 @entity1 , 132 (62.3%) had a low @entity4557 of < 18, 60 (28.3%) had an intermediate @entity4557 of 18-30, and 20 (9.4%) had a high @entity4557 of >=  31. Histologic grade, presence of micrometastases, Ki-67, and presence of lymphatic invasion were statistically associated with the @entity4557 results. Treatment decisions were changed in 115 of 212 @entity1 (54.2%) in 109 of 212 (51.4%) from chemotherapy plus hormone therapy to hormone therapy, and in six of 212 (2.8%) from hormone therapy to chemotherapy plus hormone therapy. Conclusion: The 21-gene @entity0 assay proved to have a significant impact on treatment decision- making. The test reduces chemotherapy use in more than 50% of Korean @entity172 receptor-positive, early @entity0 @entity1 .

title: The Clinical Impact of 21-Gene Recurrence Score on Treatment Decisions for @entity1 with Hormone Receptor-Positive Early XXXX in Korea.

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity4557 :: ('MESH:D012008', 'Disease') :: ['recurrence score', 'RS']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['Breast Cancer']


abstract: Newborn @entity1 and animals typically exhibit a paradoxical ventilatory response to @entity519 . The depressive phase of the response has not been adequately explained. It has been suggested that @entity519 may cause the release of inhibitory neuromodulators which depress ventilation. We have postulated that the @entity2353 , @entity859 , may be involved because 1) it is rapidly released during @entity519 , 2) it depresses ventilation, and 3) @entity2544 , a competitive inhibitor, has successfully been used to treat @entity386 . Herein we describe the effects of @entity3416 on ventilation during @entity519 in the spontaneously breathing newborn piglet administered both rapidly after @entity308 has occurred (bolus) and before the onset of @entity519 (pretreatment). Ten percent @entity26 breathing produced a typical biphasic ventilatory response. The decrease in minute ventilation was caused by a decrease in both tidal volume and respiratory frequency. The bolus administration of @entity3416 reversed the @entity308 in minute ventilation (p less than 0.001) by increasing tidal volume (p less than 0.002). Pretreatment with @entity3416 decreased the amount of @entity308 (p less than 0.05) by preventing a decrease in respiratory frequency. We conclude that @entity3416 , an @entity859 antagonist, reduces the decrease in ventilation which occurs during @entity519 in the newborn. We speculate that @entity859 may play a role in @entity308 and respiratory control in the newborn.

title: @entity3416 @entity308 : possible role of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2544 :: ('MESH:D013806', 'Chemical') :: ['theophylline']

entities_list: @entity2353 :: ('CHEBI:33838', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleoside']

entities_list: @entity859 :: ('MESH:D000241', 'Chemical') :: ['adenosine']

entities_list: @entity3416 :: ('MESH:D000628', 'Chemical') :: ['aminophylline']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression', 'hypoxic ventilatory depression', 'ventilatory depression']

entities_list: @entity386 :: ('MESH:D001049', 'Disease') :: ['apnea of prematurity']

answer: @entity859 :: (MESH:D000241,Chemical) :: ['adenosine']


abstract: In May 1992 the British mental health charity SANE inaugurated a telephone helpline for @entity1 suffering from or copying with severe @entity1032 . From its first days the line has been inundated by @entity1 needing information and help about their illness. The line is open from 1400 to midnight every day of the year, and is manned by almost 100 trained volunteers supervised by professional staff. In total more than 100,000 @entity1 have called the SANELINE number since it opened. For every call taken, a detailed log is written up immediately. The service is, of course, confidential. We recognized even before the line was opened that these logs would provide unique information on which a wide range of research could be based. One of the most frequent problems about which callers told us was dissatisfaction with the medication they were given. Many callers complained about the negative symptoms of @entity161 . We have been working on a pilot study to determine the problems sufferers find with their medication, which may throw light on the concept of the neuroleptic-induced @entity51 .

title: XXXX --a national emergency: preliminary observations on SANELINE.

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['deficit syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['mental illness']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

answer: @entity161 :: (MESH:D012559,Disease) :: ['Schizophrenia']


abstract: Monitoring of the effectiveness of a screening programme is vital to ensure optimal use of public resources. This report correlates the results of the Icelandic @entity5 screening programme with the results of monitoring the programme since 1964. Screening has significantly decreased both the incidence and mortality rates and greatly affected the stage distribution of @entity957 , but not of adeno- and @entity1962 . In the 25-64 years age group, 84% were screened, 80% of whom were in the organised screening. Smears taken outside the guidelines amounted to 10%. Sensitivity at 1 year was 93% for all smears. At 3 years it was 81% for @entity957 , and 42% for adeno-and @entity1962 . The rate of unsatisfactory smears was 1.3% for all smears, and 4.5% of the @entity1 had abnormal smears (7.7% in the 20-24 years age group). The specificity of the smears test was 98%. It is concluded that monitoring is vital for optimal screening results and although screening is effective in the targeted age group of 25-64 years it should preferably start sooner after age 20 years with a screening interval of 2-3 years.

title: Quality assurance in XXXX screening: the Icelandic experience 1964-1993.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cervical cancer']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity1962 :: ('MESH:D018196', 'Disease') :: ['adenosquamous carcinomas']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cervical cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Enhanced gut permeability has been shown in @entity1 with advanced @entity5 . The dramatic @entity32 produced by high-dose @entity1199 immune therapy could further change gut barrier function. This study measured the effect of advanced @entity1358 and @entity320 , and @entity1199 treatment on gut permeability. DESIGN: Nonrandomized, controlled study. SETTING: University hospital. @entity1 : Adults with metastatic, unresectable @entity1358 or metastatic, @entity320 , and normal volunteers. INTERVENTIONS: Gut permeability was measured in @entity1 with @entity1358 or @entity320 before and during @entity1199 infusions, using @entity968 and @entity968 400. The @entity968 were administered orally within 48 hrs of @entity1199 therapy and the 24-hr urine excretions were measured. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Increased permeability was seen in the baseline state of these @entity1 (ratio of @entity968 3350 to @entity968 400 = 1.1 +/- 0.7 x 10(-2)) when compared with normal volunteers (ratio = 0.48 +/- 0.2 x 10(-2); p < .05). However, after @entity1199 treatment, no further increase in permeability was seen (ratio = 1.4 +/- 0.8 x 10(-2)). CONCLUSIONS: Gut permeability to @entity968 3350 is enhanced in advanced @entity5 . High-dose @entity1199 therapy does not further increase permeability of the gut.

title: Effects of @entity5 and XXXX infusion on gut macromolecular permeability.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory shock syndrome']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['renal cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['malignant melanoma']

entities_list: @entity968 :: ('MESH:D011092', 'Chemical') :: ['polyethylene glycol', 'polyethylene glycol 3350', 'polyethylene glycols']

answer: @entity1199 :: (3558,Gene) :: ['interleukin-2']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Firearm injuries are a major cause of pediatric mortality and morbidity in the United States. To date, population-based studies describe the epidemiology of firearm-related @entity204 ; however, the patterns of severe, nonfatal pediatric firearm-related injuries are not as well defined. OBJECTIVES: To determine the epidemiology of severe firearm-related @entity204 and injuries among a statewide population of @entity1 and youth ages birth to 19 years. METHODS: Demographic, geographic, and cost data were analyzed from Connecticut @entity204 certificates for 1988 through 1992 and hospital discharge data for 1986 through 1990 for firearm-related unintentional, self-inflicted, and assaultive injury among @entity1 and youth ages birth to 19 years. RESULTS: There were 219 firearm @entity204 : 68% homicides, 25% suicides, 6% unintentional, and 1% of undetermined intent, resulting in an annual age-specific @entity204 rate of 6.6 per 100,000 @entity1 . There were 533 hospitalizations for gunshot wounds (16 per 100,000); 41% were assaults, 1% suicide attempts, 39% unintentional gunshot wounds, 1% legal interventions, and 18% of undetermined intent. More than 80% of @entity204 from gunshot wounds and hospitalizations occurred among 15- to 19-year-old males, most occurring in Connecticut's five largest cities. Most firearm homicides occurred among urban residents; most firearm suicides occurred among nonurban residents; and unintentional shootings were evenly distributed between urban and nonurban residents. The total cost of firearm-related hospitalizations averaged  864,000 per year. CONCLUSIONS: Firearms are a major cause of mortality and morbidity of Connecticut @entity1 and youth, exceeded only by motor vehicles as a cause of @entity204 among those 1 to 19 years of age. Handguns were responsible for a disproportionate amount of @entity130 compared with other firearm types. The epidemiology of pediatric @entity130 requires a range of strategies for prevention. Physicians caring for families with @entity1 must include @entity130 prevention counseling as a routine part of anticipatory guidance.

title: A population-based study of severe @entity130 among XXXX and youth.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['death', 'deaths']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['firearm injury', 'gunshot injuries', 'trauma']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: More than 50% of @entity1 with @entity177 will be suppressed in their cell-mediated immune response to @entity14823 ( @entity3304 ). This applies in @entity177 attributable to juvenile onset @entity6 as well as other types of @entity454 . Significantly better kidney survival of both living related and cadaver grafts is seen in @entity6 @entity1 who are non-responsive to @entity3304 . Twelve-month kidney survival for @entity3304 -negative @entity1 receiving living related allografts is 71% compared with 25% for @entity3304 -positive @entity1 . Twelve-month kidney survival in cadaver recipients is 39% in @entity3304 -negative compared with 9% for @entity3304 -positive @entity1 . Successful second grafts were done in @entity3304 -negative @entity6 @entity1 , however, all second grafts in @entity3304 -positive @entity1 failed in less than 3 months. @entity3304 skin test reactivity as a measure of cell-mediated response is a valuable predictor of immunological outcome of transplantation in @entity1 whose @entity8 results from juvenile onset @entity6 . @entity1 survival in @entity3304 nonresponders is nearly twice that of @entity3304 responders. Differences in outcome following transplantation could not be accounted for by HLA disparity, transfusion history, or other variables known to effect transplant outcome. Kidney and @entity1 survival in @entity3304 -positive @entity6 @entity1 receiving either cadaver or living related allografts is sufficiently low as to identify them as a subpopulation of @entity177 @entity1 who should be treated by dialysis, or selected for special protocols which might provide immunological manipulation prior to transplantation to improve their treatment outcome.

title: XXXX skin test reactivity as a predictor of outcome in transplantation of juvenile onset @entity6 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal disease']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity14823 :: ('CHEBI:34718', 'Chemical') :: ['2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure', 'chronic renal failure']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['end stage renal disease']

answer: @entity3304 :: (MESH:D004137,Chemical) :: ['Dinitrochlorobenzene']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Using a @entity19 surgical model of @entity130 ( @entity571 ), we sought to determine if muscle function is altered following acute @entity130 and whether this relates to @entity571 progression. DESIGN: Male C57BL/6 @entity19 underwent surgical transection of the medio-meniscal tibial ligament destabilisation of the medial meniscus (DMM) or sham surgery on one knee. Tibialis anterior (TA) muscle function was assessed in situ at 1, 4 and 8 weeks post-surgery. @entity16 and @entity32 were assessed by histologic scoring. Muscle mRNA expression was quantified by qRT-PCR. RESULTS: Tetanic and twitch force production between DMM and sham muscle did not differ at 1 week post-surgery. Muscle function improved in both groups with time, but specific force production in DMM muscles was 18% and 22% lower than sham muscles at 4 and 8 weeks post-surgery respectively. At 8 weeks post-surgery, DMM muscles had a 40% slower relaxation rate and reduced expression of sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum @entity141 ATPase (Serca) pump mRNA compared to sham muscles; both observations indicate likely alterations in muscle @entity9495 (2+) handling. There were no histologic signs of @entity2057 or @entity32 in DMM TA muscles. Specific force production in both sham and DMM @entity19 showed a negative correlation with the severity of @entity32 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity131 in the DMM model of post-traumatic @entity571 leads to a persistent deficit in TA muscle function that occurs in the absence of @entity2057 . This study highlights that the impact of @entity131 is unlikely to be limited to the muscles controlling knee movement.

title: Impaired muscle function in a XXXX surgical model of @entity130 .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation', 'joint inflammation']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['Acute knee injury', 'acute knee injury']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['Cartilage damage']

entities_list: @entity2057 :: ('MESH:D009133', 'Disease') :: ['muscle atrophy']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['joint injury', 'post-traumatic osteoarthritis']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity674 ( @entity674 ) are rare neoplasms, 1-3% of malignant @entity1820 . They are immature proliferations of spindled and/or epithelioid cells, developed in the muscular layer of the digestive tract, showing uncompleted or partial muscular, nervous or mixed differentiation. Immunohistologic knowledge about these @entity5 has recently progressed because of the discovery of specific markers (coexpression @entity2277 - @entity2467 , oncogenes): @entity674 can now be distinguished from the other @entity361 . METHODS: Retrospective study of seven @entity1 with @entity674 who received the same treatment. RESULTS: For our seven @entity1 the mean age was 49 years with a male predominance (sex-ratio 4/3). The tumoral localisations are principally the small bowel (four cases), the rectum (two cases) and the stomach (one case). The treatment consisted of a first surgery, adapted to the tumoral localisation and extension, associated to chemotherapy in case of @entity3 or local recurrence. The study of the histological grading for the seven @entity1 showed @entity5 with poor prognoses. Six @entity1 developed recurrence in a 2-year period; for the survey we are too close for a proper view. CONCLUSIONS: A review of the literature on @entity5 finds older @entity1 (59 years) with an equal sex ratio. Against the results of our series, the most frequent location is the stomach (50%). But the main problem is the better understanding of the particular evolution of these @entity5 . The bad short-date prognosis imposes carrying out larger studies, in order to confirm the principal hypothesis of histogenesis and to improve the survey by an optimal treatment.

title: [Current findings on XXXX : seven observations of @entity5 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['stromal tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1820 :: ('MESH:D005770', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal tumors']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity361 :: ('MESH:C535700', 'Disease') :: ['mesenchymal tumors']

entities_list: @entity674 :: ('MESH:D046152', 'Disease') :: ['GIST', 'Gastrointestinal stromal tumors']

answer: @entity674 :: (MESH:D046152,Disease) :: ['gastrointestinal stromal tumors']


abstract: PURPOSE: Discovery of agents that protect or mitigate normal tissue from @entity1161 during radiotherapy, accidents, or terrorist attacks is of importance. Specifically, @entity236 , with possible @entity281 due to immunosuppression, can occur after @entity348 ( @entity348 ) or regional irradiation and is a major component of the @entity6937 . The purpose of this study was to identify novel radioprotectors and mitigators of the hematopoietic system. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: High-throughput screening of small-molecule libraries was done using viability of a @entity19 lymphocyte line as a readout with further validation in @entity1 lymphoblastoid cells. The selected compounds were then tested for their ability to counter @entity348 in @entity19 . RESULTS: All of two major classes of antibiotics, @entity2930 and @entity2887 , which share a common planar ring moiety, were radioprotective. Furthermore, @entity803 protected @entity19 hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell populations from radiation damage and allowed 87.5% of @entity19 to survive when given before and 35% when given 24 h after lethal @entity348 . Interestingly, @entity803 did not alter the radiosensitivity of @entity2 cells. @entity803 and @entity2712 also protected @entity1 lymphoblastoid cells, reducing radiation-induced DNA double-strand breaks by 33% and 21%, respectively. The effects of these agents on radiation lethality are not due to the classic mechanism of free radical scavenging but potentially through activation of the @entity17778 histone acetyltransferase and altered chromatin structure. CONCLUSIONS: @entity2930 and @entity2887 can be robust radioprotectors and mitigators of the hematopoietic system with potential utility in anticancer radiotherapy and radiation emergencies.

title: High-throughput screening identifies two classes of antibiotics as radioprotectors: @entity2930 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2930 :: ('MESH:D013754', 'Chemical') :: ['tetracyclines', 'Tetracyclines']

entities_list: @entity1161 :: ('MESH:D011832', 'Disease') :: ['radiation injury']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['Lewis lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity2712 :: ('CHEBI:100241', 'Chemical') :: ['ciprofloxacine']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity2887 :: ('MESH:D024841', 'Chemical') :: ['fluoroquinolones']

entities_list: @entity348 :: ('MESH:C535338', 'Disease') :: ['TBI lethality', 'TBI', 'total body irradiation']

entities_list: @entity236 :: ('MESH:D001855', 'Disease') :: ['bone marrow insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity803 :: ('MESH:D013752', 'Chemical') :: ['Tetracycline', 'tetracycline']

entities_list: @entity6937 :: ('MESH:D054508', 'Disease') :: ['acute radiation syndrome']

answer: @entity2887 :: (MESH:D024841,Chemical) :: ['fluoroquinolones']


abstract: Thirty-nine Holstein steer @entity291 were assigned to one of five treatments at birth and individually fed for 200 d with milk replacer reconstituted to equal the fat and protein concentration of beef @entity291 milk. Treatment levels were the quantities of reconstituted milk fed per day based on lactation curves, which were based on @entity1267 ( @entity1267 ) of 2.72, 5.44, 8.16, 10.88, and 13.6 kg/d, respectively. In addition to reconstituted milk, chopped alfalfa hay was offered ad libitum to allow for maximal @entity1907 . All @entity291 were fed a high-energy diet postweaning until they reached a similar degree of @entity1386 in the 12th rib (4 to 5% chemical fat) as determined by ultrasound. There were differences (P < 0.05) among groups in weaning weight, preweaning @entity7156 , age, and weight at slaughter. During the preweaning phase, there was a linear relationship (P < 0.01) for daily milk and forage DE intake; however, DE intake per unit of BW did not differ across treatments (P = 0.06). Increasing @entity1267 resulted in a linear (P < 0.01) decrease in alfalfa hay intake in the preweaning phase, and G:F increased quadratically (P < 0.01). During the postweaning phase, preweaning milk intake had no meaningful effect on postweaning @entity7156 , but overall @entity7156 had a linear relationship (P < 0.01) with preweaning milk level. There was no effect of @entity1267 on the 12th-rib lipid percent, marbling score, or quality grade, but protein and fat concentration in the carcass and empty BW increased linearly (P < 0.01) with @entity1267 . The group fed at 2.72 kg/d @entity1267 was 58 kg lighter (P = 0.03) and required 34 d more (P < 0.01) to reach the predetermined degree of @entity1386 at slaughter than the group fed at 13.6 kg/d @entity1267 , suggesting that increased milk production by the dam can decrease the number of days to the slaughter weight at which a similar rib lipid concentration is reached.

title: The effect of milk intake on forage intake and growth of nursing XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1267 :: ('MESH:D010319', 'Disease') :: ['PML', 'peak milk levels']

entities_list: @entity1907 :: ('MESH:D014397', 'Disease') :: ['voluntary forage consumption']

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['calves']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: e14046 Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential of @entity878 -expressing myeloid cells (TEMs) and @entity5 -associated stroma cells (TASCs) as surrogate markers of clinical outcome in metastatic @entity14 @entity1 to identify responders to first-line bevacizumab-containing chemotherapy. METHODS: All @entity1 were enrolled using institutional review board-approved protocols at the @entity5 Institute Hospital and provided informed consent. The study population consisted of @entity1 of age 18 years or older with metastatic @entity14 . Other inclusion criteria were first-line chemotherapy; performance status of 0 or 1; adequate organ function. A total of 51 @entity1 were enrolled in this prospective study. Whole blood samples were analyzed prior to initiation of treatment and on days 4 and 14. TEMs and TASCs were isolated and enumerated using flow cytometry. TEMs ( @entity878 -positive, @entity9536 -positive, @entity1195 -positive and @entity319 -negative fractions) and TASCs ( @entity319 -positive and @entity1195 -positive fractions) were calculated as percentages of the total number of mononuclear cells after evaluation of at least 50,000 cellular events. RESULTS: @entity1 with >= 6% TEMs at the baseline had the shorter median progression-free survival (PFS; 6.6 months; 95%CI, 5.9-7.4), than the median PFS of <6% TEMs (15.2 months; 95%CI, 10.2-20.2; p<0.001). @entity1 with >= 6% TEMs at the baseline had the shorter median @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ), than the median @entity1349 of <6% TEMs (p<0.001). In univariate analysis, liver @entity3 , lung @entity3 , and TEMs at the baseline predicted PFS and @entity1349 . In order to evaluate the independent predictive effect of chemotherapy, multivariate Cox regression analysis was carried out. TEMs at the baseline were the strongest predictor. On the other hand, no correlation was observed between levels of TASCs and clinical outcome. CONCLUSIONS: TEMs at the baseline were correlated with the prognosis of bevacizumab-containing chemotherapy; therefore this surrogate marker might play a core role in the selection of @entity1 to be candidates for bevacizumab treatment.

title: XXXX -expressing myeloid cells as a predictive marker for bevacizumab-containing chemotherapy in metastatic @entity14 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity878 :: (7010,Gene) :: ['TIE2']