abstract: INTRODUCTION: Despite @entity146 multidisciplinary interventions, @entity1 with high-grade @entity816 experience @entity5 progression or recurrence. Treatment for this group of @entity1 remains a formidable challenge. We describe our experience of salvage chemotherapy for these @entity1 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective review of relevant clinical and radiographic information of @entity1 who received at least one cycle of salvage chemotherapy for progressive high-grade @entity816 at the National @entity5 Center, Singapore, from March 2004 to September 2006, was conducted. @entity1 underwent regular assessment with clinical examination and magnetic resonance brain imaging to gauge response to salvage chemotherapy. Survival and progression free interval data were analysed via Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS: Twenty-four @entity1 (13 @entity463 , 11 @entity816 ) had received chemotherapy as salvage treatment following progression of their high-grade @entity816 . Among 20 @entity1 assessable for @entity5 response, there were 4 @entity1 with partial responses and 9 with stable responses. The 12-month survival rate for the entire group from time of onset of @entity5 progression was 49.6%. Eight @entity1 had survived more than 12 months at the time of writing. Among @entity1 with @entity463 , the 12-month survival rate was 30% and the median survival was 11.2 months. For @entity1 with @entity816 , the 12-month survival rate was 73%. CONCLUSION: Durable disease control and prolonged survival were seen in a significant portion of selected @entity1 with progressive high-grade @entity816 who received salvage chemotherapy.

title: Salvage chemotherapy in progressive high-grade XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cancer', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity816 :: ('MESH:D001254', 'Disease') :: ['anaplastic astrocytomas', 'astrocytoma', 'anaplastic astrocytoma', 'astrocytomas']

entities_list: @entity463 :: ('MESH:D005909', 'Disease') :: ['glioblastomas', 'glioblastoma']

answer: @entity816 :: (MESH:D001254,Disease) :: ['astrocytoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The possibility of co-association between @entity6 ( @entity6 ) and @entity2646 ( @entity2646 ) has long been a focus of interest as well as of clinical significance. As @entity2646 is a potentially treatable condition, it is diagnosis in the context of @entity6 is of great importance. However, diagnostic criteria to identify @entity2646 in @entity1 with @entity6 are not available. We propose a diagnostic tool that should help clinicians to decide what is the probability that a @entity1 with @entity6 might have @entity2646 . METHODS: We list several clinical, electrophysiological, and laboratory parameters that, when combined, have the power of discriminating an immune-mediated @entity16 in @entity1 with @entity6 . By summing the points assigned to each of these parameters, we define four levels of probability for a @entity1 with @entity6 to have @entity2646 . To analyze the validity of the diagnostic toll, we applied it in three different @entity1 populations: (i) @entity1 with @entity6 with @entity1897 , (ii) @entity1 with @entity2646 without @entity6 , and (iii) @entity1 with @entity6 with @entity2646 . RESULTS: The scores of @entity1 with @entity6 without @entity2646 ranged from -7 to 2, while those of @entity1 with @entity6 ranged from 2 to 20. The scores of non- @entity6 @entity1 with @entity2646 were similar to those of @entity1 with @entity6 and ranged from 6 to 16. The mean score of @entity1 with @entity6 was 9.083, while the score of @entity1 with @entity2646 was 11.16 and that of @entity1 with @entity3949 was -3.59. CONCLUSIONS: These results show that this diagnostic tool is able to identify @entity1 with @entity6 with overlapping @entity2646 .

title: Diagnostic criteria of XXXX in @entity6 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['DM-CIDP', 'diabetic', 'diabetes', 'diabetes mellitus', 'DM']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity3949 :: ('MESH:D003929', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic polyneuropathy']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity2646 :: ('MESH:D020277', 'Disease') :: ['CIDP', 'chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy']

answer: @entity2646 :: (MESH:D020277,Disease) :: ['chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy']


abstract: @entity146 are known to be associated with altered Thelper1/Thelper2 (T(H)1/T(H)2) cytokine balance. Psoriasis is characterized by increased systemic and local production of T(H)1 and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore recent data indicate the dominant presence of T(H)1 lymphocytes in the circulation and T(H)1 and Tcytotoxic1 (T(C)1) cells in lesional skin of @entity5144 @entity1 . In order to assess the @entity262 (H)2 imbalance in @entity1569 most of the studies so far tested isolated peripheral mononuclear cells. As a new approach we applied a whole blood flow cytometric assay to determine the rate of circulating T(H)1/T(H)2 and T(C)1/Tcytotoxic2 (T(C)2) lymphocytes based on their intracellular @entity379 , @entity3646 and @entity688 expression. Besides, serum levels of these cytokines were determined in healthy controls and @entity5144 @entity1 by commercial ELISAs. In @entity5144 @entity1 we found significantly (P<0.02) increased rates of @entity404 (+)/ @entity379 (+) lymphocytes (30.3+/-8.8%) while the percent of @entity404 (+)/ @entity3646 (+) cells (0.37+/-0.31%) were significantly (P<0.03) lower compared to healthy controls ( @entity404 (+)/ @entity379 (+): 20.1+/-7.3% and @entity404 (+)/ @entity3646 (+): 0.78+/-0.44%). The @entity688 -positive @entity404 (+) and @entity405 (+) cells also had higher rate in @entity1569 , but the difference between @entity1 and controls was not significant, similarly to the rate of @entity405 (+)/ @entity379 (+) and @entity405 (+)/ @entity3646 (+) lymphocytes. Beside cellular expression, serum @entity379 levels were also significantly higher (control: 4.9+/-6.4 pg/ml; @entity5144 @entity1 : 35.9+/-47.0 pg/ml; P<0.05). Our results provide further evidence for an altered T(H)1/T(H)2 balance in @entity1569 measured in non-separated whole blood T cells.

title: Elevated rate of Thelper1 (T(H)1) lymphocytes and serum XXXX levels in @entity5144 @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1569 :: ('MESH:D011565', 'Disease') :: ['psoriasis']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['Several disorders']

entities_list: @entity5144 :: ('MESH:D015535', 'Disease') :: ['psoriatic']

answer: @entity379 :: (3458,Gene) :: ['IFN-gamma']


abstract: @entity1224 in @entity1707 (sedated or non-sedated) fixed in a sling was studied using impulse oscillometry (IOS). (i) Vertical flexion of the @entity1707 's head was used to simulate an @entity1224 . (ii) @entity2488 was induced by inhaling differing quantities of an aerosol produced from 0.33% @entity5402 solution. The ventilatory pattern was examined by measuring respiratory rate (RR) and tidal volume (V(t)). To evaluate respiratory mechanics, impedance parameters resistance (R) and reactance (X) as well as coherence (Co) were examined, each at frequencies of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 35 Hz. Using a simple 7-element-model introduced by J. Mead [Physiological Review 41 (1961) 281], distal respiratory resistance (R(dist)), proximal airway resistance (R(prox)), and additional shunt compliance (C(a)) of the animal's snout and the air inside the facemask were evaluated. By fitting this model to the primary measured impedance spectra, the influence of the face mask could be eliminated in the model calculation to allow assessment of the real respiratory impedance. This recalculation made clear that the facemask had an influence on the spectral course of R and X, depending on the clinical situation, and the upper frequency range was altered the most. Under conditions of (i) upper @entity1224 , especially the X values were distorted by facemask almost over the whole frequency range. Once the data were corrected for the mask, resistance was increased across all frequencies by a fixed amount while reactance was not affected. Under (ii) @entity1224 ( @entity5143 ) caused the resistance spectrum to be increased mainly in the lower frequency range. This became visible in both, originally measured impedance spectra and spectra after correction of the mask influence. The reactance course (originally measured and recalculated) decreased at all frequencies during @entity5143 . Coherence over the whole frequency range was lowered at both bronchial and upper @entity1224 .

title: Respiratory mechanics in conscious XXXX : effects of face mask, head position and bronchoconstriction evaluated by impulse oscillometry.

entities_list: @entity2488 :: ('MESH:D001982', 'Disease') :: ['Bronchial obstruction']

entities_list: @entity5143 :: ('MESH:D001986', 'Disease') :: ['bronchospasm']

entities_list: @entity5402 :: ('MESH:D002217', 'Chemical') :: ['carbachol']

entities_list: @entity1224 :: ('MESH:D000402', 'Disease') :: ['artificial obstruction of the upper airways', 'Airway obstruction', 'bronchial airway obstruction', 'airway obstruction']

answer: @entity1707 :: (9823,Species) :: ['swine']


abstract: Results of genetic association studies in @entity31 are conflicting. We propose that the power of candidate gene studies will increase when disease heterogeneity is taken into account. Phenotype frequencies of molecularly defined HLA-DR alleles, polymorphisms in the @entity5 necrosis factor-alpha ( @entity310 ), @entity4909 ( @entity4909 ), @entity1193 ( @entity1193 ) and @entity1356 genes were determined in 98 clinically well characterized @entity31 @entity1 with a mean period of follow up of 10 years, and ethnically matched @entity23 ( @entity23 ). The alleles @entity1533 *0103 (phenotype frequency 6% versus 0.2%; P = 0.0002; odds ratio (OR) 27.6) and @entity1533 *15 (41% versus 26%; P = 0. 001; OR = 2.0, compared with @entity23 ) were associated with overall disease susceptibility. Subgroup analysis revealed that @entity1533 *15 was only increased in females (53% versus 24%; P < 0.0001; OR = 3.5), but not in males. With regard to disease localization, all @entity1533 *0103+ @entity1 had @entity66 (P < 0.002; OR = 33.5), and @entity1533 *15 was found in 59% of females with extensive @entity1960 (P < 0.0001; OR = 4.4). @entity1533 *0103 was significantly increased in @entity1 undergoing colectomy (P < 0.0002; OR = 84). No association between overall disease susceptibility and the cytokine gene polymorphisms were found. Subgroup analysis revealed several significant associations, but most did not retain significance when corrected for multiple comparisons. However, a noticeable finding was that haplotype @entity34812 was significantly associated with progression in extent of disease (P = 0.003, OR = 20.4). This study provides additional evidence for the role of @entity1533 alleles in the susceptibility to @entity31 , and supports the hypothesis that these alleles may determine the severity of the disease. The cytokine gene polymorphisms evaluated in this study do not seem to be strong risk factors for the overall disease susceptibility in @entity31 , but may be involved in determining the severity of the disease.

title: Genetic markers in clinically well defined @entity1 with XXXX ( @entity31 ).

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['extensive disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity1193 :: ('3557', 'Gene') :: ['IL-1Ra', 'IL-1 receptor antagonist']

entities_list: @entity4909 :: ('4049', 'Gene') :: ['LT-alpha', 'lymphotoxin-alpha']

entities_list: @entity23 :: ('MESH:D007174', 'Disease') :: ['healthy controls', 'HC']

answer: @entity31 :: (MESH:D003093,Disease) :: ['ulcerative colitis']


abstract: The regenerative process of the pancreas after @entity656 ( @entity656 ) is characterized by acinar and ductal cell proliferation with synthesis and transient deposition of extracellular matrices. Various growth factors were reported to be highly expressed in @entity656 , but their regulation has not yet been clarified. Fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-7, also known as @entity11943 ( @entity11943 ), and @entity33187 are members of the FGF family and show high structural homology and similar biological characteristics. Both are mainly synthesized by mesenchymal cells and stimulate epithelial cells via @entity11943 receptor (KGFR) which is a splice variant of @entity10703 . In the present study, we attempted to immunohistochemically determine the localization of @entity11943 and @entity33187 in pancreatic tissues of an @entity534 -induced @entity35 @entity788 model. Furthermore, highly specific KGFR antibodies were prepared and used for Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry. In the normal pancreas, @entity11943 was localized in alpha cells of islets, but @entity33187 was not detected. KGFR was also localized in islet cells, ductal cells, and centroacinar cells in the normal pancreas. In the pancreatic tissues of @entity35 with @entity534 -induced @entity788 , @entity11943 was localized in alpha cells, whereas @entity33187 was expressed in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). KGFR was not expressed in centroacinar cells and its level decreased after @entity534 treatment. However, KGFR was detected instead in some acinar cells and VSMCs in addition to islet cells. These findings suggest that @entity11943 and @entity33187 contribute to the regeneration and differentiation of acinar cells and angiogenesis in @entity656 through KGFR.

title: Differential distribution of fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-7 and @entity33187 in XXXX -induced @entity656 .

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity656 :: ('MESH:D019283', 'Disease') :: ['AP', 'acute pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity11943 :: ('29348(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['keratinocyte growth factor', 'FGF-7', 'KGF']

entities_list: @entity534 :: ('CHEBI:16467', 'Chemical') :: ['L-arginine']

answer: @entity534 :: (CHEBI:16467,Chemical) :: ['L-arginine']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity470 is frequently overexpressed in cervical @entity5 , suggesting @entity470 blockade as a promising treatment approach. Cetuximab, an anti @entity470 antibody, used conjointly with radiochemotherapy, was feasible in @entity189 limited to the pelvis. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: This randomized phase II trial enrolled 78 FIGO stage @entity3847 -IIIB cervical @entity5 @entity1 to either @entity900 -based radiochemotherapy alone (arm B, n = 38) or conjointly with a 6-week course of weekly cetuximab (arm A, n = 40). Brachytherapy was given to the pelvic mass. Primary endpoint was @entity66 ( @entity66 ) at 2 years. @entity470 expression and targeted sequencing were performed in 54 of 78 @entity1 . RESULTS: Cetuximab over a 6-week period did not improve @entity66 at 24 months. At 31 months median follow-up, @entity66 was not significantly different (P = 0.18). Complete response at 4 to 6 months was strongly predictive for excellent @entity66 (log-rank test; P < 0.001). @entity10160 , @entity984 , and @entity2839 mutations were observed in 22%, 4%, and 2% of @entity1 , respectively. No @entity5 with a PI3K pathway mutation showed complete response (0/8 in arm A and 0/6 in arm B), whereas 14 of 52 (27%) @entity5 without mutations did (P = 0.021). PI3K pathway-mutated @entity5 showed a trend toward poorer @entity66 (P = 0.06) following cetuximab (8/22) as compared with those following standard treatment only (6/18). CONCLUSION: Similar to @entity1 with @entity135 , @entity1 with cervical @entity5 showed no gain in @entity66 at 2 years following a combined treatment of cetuximab with radiochemotherapy. Although treatment tolerance and compliance were satisfactory, it remains to be demonstrated whether maintenance therapy with cetuximab could be beneficial in selected @entity1 groups. Clin @entity5 Res; 1-8.   2015 AACR.

title: @entity10160 Pathway Mutations Predictive of Poor Response Following Standard Radiochemotherapy    Cetuximab in Cervical XXXX @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck cancer']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['DFS', 'disease-free survival']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'Cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['first-line treatment of cervix carcinoma']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity131 ( @entity131 ) can be compounded by physiologic derangements that produce secondary @entity1545 . The purpose of this study is to elucidate the frequency with which physiologic factors that are associated with secondary @entity1545 occur in @entity1 with severe @entity6075 and to determine the impact of these factors on outcome. METHODS: The records of 81 adult blunt @entity130 @entity1 with Glasgow @entity772 Scale scores < or = 8 and transport times < 2 hours to a Level I @entity130 center were retrospectively reviewed searching for the following 11 secondary @entity1545 factors (SBIFs) in the first 24 hours postinjury: @entity551 , @entity519 , @entity2944 , @entity13147 , @entity2332 , @entity221 , @entity520 , @entity410 , @entity1003 , @entity4854 , and @entity428 . We recorded the worst SBIF during six time periods: hours 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 to 14, and 16 to 24. Occurrence of each SBIF was then correlated with outcome. RESULTS: @entity13147 , @entity551 , and @entity520 occurred more frequently than other SBIFs (60-80%). @entity551 , @entity4854 , and @entity2332 were associated with increased mortality rate. @entity1 with episodes of @entity13147 , @entity520 , and @entity519 had significantly longer intensive care unit length of stay (LOS). These three SBIFs and @entity4854 related to longer hospital LOS as well. @entity551 and @entity520 were associated with discharge to a rehabilitation facility rather than home. Finally, multivariate regression analysis revealed that @entity551 , @entity2332 , and Abbreviated Injury Scale score of the head were independently related to mortality, whereas other SBIFs, age, Injury Severity Score, and Glasgow @entity772 Scale score were not. @entity520 and @entity519 were related to longer intensive care unit and hospital LOS. CONCLUSION: Our early management of head-injured @entity1 stresses avoidance and correction of SBIFs at all costs. Nonetheless, SBIFs occur frequently in the first 24 hours after @entity131 . Six of the 11 factors studied are associated with significantly worse outcomes. @entity551 and @entity2332 are independently related to mortality. Because these SBIFs are potentially preventable, protocols could be developed to decrease their frequency.

title: Harbingers of poor outcome the day after severe @entity1545 : XXXX , @entity519 , and hypoperfusion.

entities_list: @entity1545 :: ('MESH:D020214', 'Disease') :: ['brain injury']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['traumatic brain injury', 'Traumatic brain injury', 'TBI']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures']

entities_list: @entity2332 :: ('MESH:D007035', 'Disease') :: ['hypothermia']

entities_list: @entity2944 :: ('MESH:D006935', 'Disease') :: ['hypercapnia']

entities_list: @entity428 :: ('MESH:D019586', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial hypertension']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['hyperthermia']

entities_list: @entity1003 :: ('MESH:D001778', 'Disease') :: ['coagulopathy']

entities_list: @entity520 :: ('MESH:D000138', 'Disease') :: ['Metabolic acidosis', 'acidosis', 'metabolic acidosis']

entities_list: @entity6075 :: ('MESH:D016489', 'Disease') :: ['closed head injuries']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension', 'Hypotension']

entities_list: @entity13147 :: ('MESH:D016857', 'Disease') :: ['hypocapnia', 'Hypocapnia']

entities_list: @entity4854 :: ('MESH:D006943', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemia']

answer: @entity2332 :: (MESH:D007035,Disease) :: ['hypothermia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The therapeutic gain of surgery for recurrent @entity5 is not clear, particularly with regard to the addition of intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT). METHODS: @entity1 (107) with isolated pelvic recurrence of @entity5 received preoperative external radiotherapy of 46-50 in 2 Gy fractions. At surgery 59 @entity1 had IORT 12-18 Gy. Survival and local recurrence was analysed with regard to surgical resection stages and IORT. RESULTS: @entity1 (44) had R0- and 39 R1-resections, 24 R2-resections or exploratory laparotomy. IORT was given most often after R1-resections, least in R0- @entity1 . Estimated 5-year survival was overall around 30%, around 60% in the R0-, around 25% for R1- and 0% in R2- @entity1 . Local recurrence was around 30% in the R0- and around 65% in R1-stage @entity1 . R0-/R1-stage @entity1 survived statistically significantly longer than the R2-group otherwise there was no statistical significant difference between IORT and non-IORT groups in any R-stages regarding overall survival or local recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: Macroscopic removal of the recurrence improves survival. Whether R0- is better than R1-resections is not clear. The effect of IORT is not a major one. IORT need be evaluated in randomised controlled trials.

title: Preoperative irradiation and surgery for recurrent XXXX . Will intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) be of additional benefit? A prospective study.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['rectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['rectal cancer']


abstract: Dietary factors continue to preside as dominant influences in @entity263 prevalence and progression-free survival following primary treatment. We investigated the influence of a low @entity1735 diet, compared to a typical Western diet, on @entity263 ( @entity263 ) @entity5 growth in vivo. LNCaP xenograft @entity5 growth was studied in both intact and castrated @entity19 , representing a more advanced castration resistant @entity263 (CRPC). No differences in LNCaP @entity5 progression (total @entity5 volume) with diet was observed for intact @entity19 (P = 0.471) however, castrated @entity19 on the Low @entity65645 diet saw a statistically significant reduction in @entity5 growth rate compared with Western diet fed @entity19 (P = 0.017). No correlation with serum PSA was observed. @entity479 profiles, alongside serum @entity165 and @entity34601 levels, were significantly altered by both diet and castration. Specifically, @entity587 concentration with the Low @entity65645 diet was 58% that of the CRPC-bearing @entity19 on the Western diet. Enzymes in the steroidogenesis pathway were directly impacted and @entity5 isolated from intact @entity19 on the Low @entity65645 diet had higher AKR1C3 protein levels and lower @entity65646 protein levels than intact @entity19 on the Western diet (ARK1C3: P = 0.074; @entity65646 : P = 0.091, with a = 0.1). In contrast, CRPC @entity5 from @entity19 on Low @entity65645 diets had higher concentrations of both @entity65646 (P = 0.016) and @entity65647 (P = 0.058 with a = 0.1) enzymes. There was no correlation between @entity5 growth in castrated @entity19 for Low @entity65645 diet versus Western diet and (a) serum insulin (b) GH serum levels (c) insulin receptor (IR) or (d) IGF-1R in @entity5 tissue. Intact @entity19 fed Western diet had higher serum insulin which was associated with significantly higher blood @entity413 and @entity5 tissue IR. We conclude that both diet and castration have a significant impact on the endocrinology of @entity19 bearing LNCaP xenograft @entity5 . The observed effects of diet on @entity165 and @entity479 regulation impact @entity5 tissue DHT specifically and are likely to be mechanistic drivers behind the observed @entity5 growth suppression.

title: A low @entity1735 , high protein diet suppresses intratumoral androgen synthesis and slows castration-resistant XXXX growth in @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer', 'PCa']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity34601 :: ('D002788', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesteryl ester']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

entities_list: @entity479 :: ('D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid', 'Steroid']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate tumor']


abstract: @entity5549 @entity2596 (158)Met moderates the effect of stress on @entity716 . Exposure to stress is also associated with mesolimbic @entity935 release in individuals experiencing low maternal care. We therefore test the hypothesis that recent stressful life events are associated with more severe positive symptoms (associated with mesolimbic @entity935 release) in first-episode @entity716 (FEP) @entity1 who experienced low maternal care during childhood. We hypothesized that @entity5549 @entity2596 (158)Met moderates this association. A total of 149 FEP @entity1 recruited within the Psychosis Incident Cohort Outcome Study (PICOS) participated in the present study. Maternal care was assessed by the Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI), stressful life events were collected by the List of Events Scale and positive symptoms were assessed by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). We found that low maternal care and recent stressful life events were associated with higher level of positive symptoms at the onset (analysis of variance [ANOVA], p   =   0.012), and that @entity1 who were also homozygotes for the @entity5549 @entity2596 (158) allele had the highest level of positive symptoms (ANOVA, p   =   0.024). Low maternal care and severe stressful life events may contribute to a symptomatology characterized by more severe positive symptoms at the onset, possibly due to an increased mesolimbic @entity935 release. Homozygosity for the @entity5549 @entity2596 (158) allele seems to confer a biological predisposition to the stress-related @entity2915 of the mesolimbic dopaminergic system. The data imply that the mesolimbic dopaminergic system is involved in the mediation/modulation of the effect of stressful events on the vulnerability for @entity716 .

title: Positive symptoms in first-episode @entity716 @entity1 experiencing low maternal care and stressful life events: a pilot study to explore the role of the XXXX gene.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity2915 :: ('MESH:D006948', 'Disease') :: ['hyperactivity']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychosis', 'psychotic symptoms']

answer: @entity5549 :: (1312,Gene) :: ['COMT']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity520 ( @entity520 ) is a frequent complication in advanced @entity177 ( @entity177 ). Currently, there is good evidence that @entity520 contributes to @entity3147 in @entity177 @entity1 . METHODS: We evaluated the effect of correcting @entity520 on nutritional status after 6 months of oral @entity4388 supplementation in 18 @entity1 aged 73 +/- 6 years with @entity177 to maintain serum @entity3157 levels at 24 +/- 2 mmol/L. The following parameters were measured: dietary record, energy intake, dietary protein intake (DPI), mini-nutritional assessment (MNA), serum albumin level, prealbumin level, prognosis inflammatory and nutritional index (PINI), and protein catabolic rate ( @entity14588 ). RESULTS: No significant changes in body @entity551 were observed. Serum albumin and prealbumin levels showed a significant increase. @entity14588 decreased significantly. DPI, energy intake, PINI, and MNA score did not change significantly. No @entity1 reported side effects or fluid retention during the study. CONCLUSION: Correction of @entity520 improves serum albumin and prealbumin concentration, and it is not associated with any significant change in DPI, but induces a decrease in @entity14588 values. Whereas @entity14588 may provide an index of protein catabolism, it does not differentiate between dietary sources of protein or net catabolism of endogenous proteins. In the absence of dietary changes, the decrease in @entity14588 values may be attributed to a decrease in whole body protein degradation.

title: Effect of the correction of @entity520 on nutritional status in elderly @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4388 :: ('MESH:D017693', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium bicarbonate']

entities_list: @entity3157 :: ('CHEBI:17544', 'Chemical') :: ['bicarbonate']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['chronic renal failure', 'CRF']

entities_list: @entity520 :: ('MESH:D000138', 'Disease') :: ['MA', 'Metabolic acidosis']

entities_list: @entity3147 :: ('MESH:D044342', 'Disease') :: ['malnutrition']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['weight or systolic and diastolic blood pressure']

answer: @entity177 :: (MESH:D051437,Disease) :: ['chronic renal failure']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Although primary toxic action of organophosphorous insecticides is associated with @entity4833 inhibition, later studies suggest that oxidative stress may be responsible for induced @entity137 . These studies mostly include thio forms, while the effects of their metabolites/degradation products have been less investigated. Therefore, this paper studies the toxic effects of diazinon degradation products, diazoxon and 2-isopropyl-6-methyl-4-pyrimidinol, and compares them with the toxic potential of the parent compound. The @entity137 induced by various concentrations of the investigated compounds was in vitro evaluated by the activities of @entity4833 , ATPases, antioxidant defense enzymes and lactate dehydrogenase, and malondialdehyde level in @entity35 brain synaptosomes. Diazinon inhibited @entity4833 and Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase in dose-dependent manner, while the inhibition of @entity9356 activity was less than 15% at all investigated concentrations. It did not demonstrate noteworthy prooxidative properties causing increase (up to 10%) in antioxidant enzymes activity and malondialdehyde level, as a marker of lipid peroxidation. Diazinon oxidation product, diazoxon was found as the most toxic investigated compound. Beside the expected strong inhibitory effect on @entity4833 , it induced dose-dependent and almost complete inhibition of Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase and @entity9356 at the highest investigated concentration (0.1mM). Increasing diazoxon concentrations activated @entity12609 (up to 30%), superoxide dismutase (up to 50%), glutathione peroxidase (up to 30%), and significantly increased malondialdehyde level (up to 50%). The investigated hydrolysis product of diazinon, 2-isopropyl-6-methyl-4-pyrimidinol did not remarkably alter the activities of @entity4833 , Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase, @entity12609 , glutathione peroxidase and lipid peroxidation level (up to about 10%). Although this diazinon metabolite has been known as non toxic, it induced superoxide dismutase stimulation up to 30%. Finally, even high concentrations of both diazinon and its metabolites did noticeably affect lactate dehydrogenase activity as a marker of synaptosomal integrity. The changes in investigated biochemical parameters in @entity35 brain synaptosomes could serve as indicators of @entity137 due to the exposure to thio organophosphates and/or their break-down products.

title: In vitro evaluation of neurotoxicity potential and oxidative stress responses of diazinon and its degradation products in XXXX brain synaptosomes.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'organophosphates toxicity']

entities_list: @entity4833 :: ('83817(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['acetylcholinesterase']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: It was previously found that @entity12419 could reduce, while @entity60 could enhance metastatic potential of a @entity19 mammary @entity420 cell line MA891. The aim of this study was to identify the sequence of cDNA fragments that were differentially expressed by the two types of IFN, respectively. METHODS: Total RNA was extracted from MA891 cells treated with @entity12419 or @entity60 . Northern blotting was used to confirm the differentially expressed gene fragments. DNA sequencing was then carried out. RESULTS: The Northern blots indicated that among the 10 cDNA fragments obtained by mRNA differential display technique, 4(G15 gamma, @entity44702 , T2 gamma, and T11 gamma) were shown to be unequivocally differentially expressed. Among them, the @entity377 sequence of G15 gamma did not show homology with any of the existing genes, while that of @entity44702 , T2 gamma and T11 gamma was highly homolgous to @entity19 minor histocompatility complex gene, @entity19 @entity12835 gene and hamster high blood pressure gene, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Four differentially expressed cDNA fragments by @entity12419 - and @entity60 -treated MA891 cells have been ascertained. Regardless of sequence homology, none of them is reportedly related to @entity5 cell metastasis. The results herein reported provide basis for the elucidation of new metastasis-associated gene(s).

title: [ XXXX - and @entity60 -induced differentially expressed genes].

entities_list: @entity377 :: ('CHEBI:36976', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotide']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity12419 :: (111654(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['IFN alpha']


abstract: CONTEXT: The cabbage (Brassica oleraceae var. capitata) is an herbaceous and leafy plant which belongs to the Brassicaceae family, native to coastal southern and Western Europe. Used in cooking for its nutritional value also has known anti-inflammatory activity. OBJECTIVE We studied the antiulcerogenic activity of aqueous extract of @entity5598 . capitata (AEB) in order to validate ethnobotanical claims regarding the plant use in the @entity1819 . METHOD: Acute @entity2275 were induced in @entity35 by the oral administration of @entity117 . The gastroprotective potential of the AEB (0.250, 0.500 and 1.000 mg.kg-1/body weight) was compared with @entity4546 (20 mg.kg-1/body weight). RESULTS: The stomach analysis indicated that treatment with AEB inhibited the gastric damage. The gastroprotective activity as evidenced by its significant inhibition in the formation of @entity1066 induced by chemical agent with a maximum of 99.44% curation (250 mg.kg-1 body weight) in @entity117 -induced @entity1066 . CONCLUSIONS: The AEB demonstrated good antiulcerogenic activities which justify the inclusion of this plant in the management of @entity1819 . Further experiments are underway to determine which antiulcer mechanisms involved in gastroprotection.

title: Evaluation of antiulcerogenic activity of aqueous extract of @entity5598 . capitata (cabbage) on @entity35 XXXX gastric ulceration.

entities_list: @entity1819 :: ('MESH:D013272', 'Disease') :: ['gastric disorders']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylsalicylic acid']

entities_list: @entity5598 :: ('3712', 'Species') :: ['Brassica oleracea var']

entities_list: @entity4546 :: ('MESH:D009853', 'Chemical') :: ['omeprazole']

entities_list: @entity2275 :: ('MESH:D013276', 'Disease') :: ['gastric ulcers']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: The transition from fetal to newborn life is marked by a reduction in @entity358 mediated by the intracellular second messengers, @entity6708 and @entity268 . We have compared the rates of phosphodiesterase (PDE)-catalyzed hydrolysis of @entity6708 and @entity268 in intrapulmonary vessels of fetal (146 +/- 2 days gestation) and newborn (3-7-day-old) @entity742 , each n = 6. Lung vessels of second to sixth generations were dissected and cytosol was prepared by differential centrifugation. PDE activity in cytosol was determined by radiometric assay of the hydrolysis of exogenous nucleotides at 30 degrees C for 10 min. Rates of hydrolysis (pmol/min/mg protein) of @entity6708 were 225 +/- 38 in fetal arteries and different from 151 +/- 7 in veins. In newborn vessels, the rates were 155 +/- 49 and 63 +/- 13 in arteries and veins, respectively. Rates of @entity268 hydrolysis by the fetus were 80 +/- 11 in arteries and 45 +/- 16 veins. In newborn @entity742 the rates were 69 +/- 10 in arteries and different from 18 +/- 4 in veins. Inhibition of PDE activity by zaprinast, a @entity6708 -specific PDE inhibitor, and @entity7428 , a @entity268 -specific PDE inhibitor, was more in veins of fetal and newborn @entity742 . Our data show that rates of hydrolysis of the cyclic nucleotides were faster in fetal vessels than in the newborn. We speculate that this would result in a greater accumulation of the cyclic nucleotides in newborn vessels, particularly the veins, and therefore endow the veins with less vascular tone.

title: Phosphodiesterase activity in intrapulmonary arteries and veins of perinatal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity7428 :: ('MESH:D020889', 'Chemical') :: ['rolipram']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary vascular tone']

answer: @entity742 :: (9940,Species) :: ['lambs']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The surgical treatment of cervical @entity85 remains challenging. As a surgical method that is safer and avoids major complications, the authors present a procedure of single-stage anterior and posterior fusion to correct cervical @entity1513 using anterior interbody fusion cages without plating, as illustrated by three consecutive cases. Case 1 was a 78-year-old @entity1 who presented with a dropped head caused by degeneration of her cervical spine. Case 2 was a 54-year-old @entity1 with @entity306 . She presented with cervical @entity602 and cervical @entity1513 . Case 3 was a 71-year-old @entity1 with cervical @entity85 following a laminectomy. All three @entity1 underwent anterior release and interbody fusion with cages and posterior fusion with cervical @entity3928 ( @entity3928 ) fixation. Postoperative radiographs showed that correction of @entity1513 was 39   in case 1, 43   in case 2, and 39   in case 3. In all three cases, improvement of symptoms was established without @entity532 , solid fusion was achieved, and no loss of correction was observed at a minimum follow-up of 61 months. We also report that preoperative total spine sagittal malalignment was improved after corrective surgery for cervical @entity1513 and was maintained at the latest follow-up in all three cases. The combination of anterior fusion cages and @entity3928 is considered a safe and effective procedure in cases of severe cervical @entity85 . Preoperative total spine sagittal malalignment improved, accompanied by correction of cervical @entity1513 , and was maintained at last follow-up in all three cases.

title: Single-stage Anterior and Posterior Fusion Surgery for Correction of Cervical XXXX Using Intervertebral Cages and Cervical Lateral Mass Screws: Postoperative Changes in Total Spine Sagittal Alignment in Three Cases with a Minimum Follow-up of Five Years.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3928 :: ('MESH:C536030', 'Disease') :: ['LMS', 'lateral mass screw']

entities_list: @entity602 :: ('MESH:D013118', 'Disease') :: ['myelopathy']

entities_list: @entity532 :: ('MESH:D003925', 'Disease') :: ['major perioperative complications']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['kyphotic deformity']

entities_list: @entity306 :: ('MESH:D002547', 'Disease') :: ['athetoid cerebral palsy']

answer: @entity85 :: (MESH:D009140,Disease) :: ['Kyphotic Deformity']


abstract: To elucidate dose-response and other effects of diesel particles in @entity840 chronically exposed to diesel exhaust, various biomarkers for @entity1030 were studied using bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and blood specimens. @entity840 were exposed 16 h/day, 6 days/wk, for 6, 12, 18, or 24 mo to filtered air (control group, n = 8-10), a low level of diesel exhaust (L group: @entity6836 = 0.22 +/- 0.03 ppm; SO(2) = 0.6 +/- 0.19 ppm; particles = 0.21 +/- 0.07 mg/m(3), n = 8-10), medium level of diesel exhaust (M group; @entity6836 = 1.07 +/- 0.09 ppm; @entity9734 = 2.83 +/- 0.73 ppm; particles = 1.14 +/- 0.26 mg/m(3), n = 8-10), and high level of diesel exhaust (H group: @entity6836 = 2.88 +/- 0.29 ppm; SO(2) = 6.49 +/- 1.75 ppm; particles = 2.94 +/- 0.69 mg/m(3), n = 8-10), or at a medium concentration of diesel exhaust without particulate matters (MG group: @entity6836 = 1.01 +/- 0.09 ppm;#10; SO(2) = 2.66 +/- 0.64 ppm; particles = 0.01 +/- 0.01 mg/m(3), n = 8-10). Anesthetized animals were sacrificed and BAL fluid from the lung and blood from right ventricle were collected. Various biomarkers of @entity32 , components of mucus and surfactant, bronchoconstrictors were determined. Changes of leukotriene C4 in plasma, eosinophil counts, biomarkers of @entity32 and @entity137 , and mucus and surfactant components in BAL fluid were statistically different among the C, L, M, and H groups after adjustment for the exposure period and group-by-exposure period with respect to their interactions in two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The levels of these biomarkers in the H group were higher than those of the M group, whereas those of the L group showed no significant changes compared with those of the C group during experimental period. Onset of significant changes of these biomarkers for the M group was at 18 mo of exposure, whereas that for the H group was at 12 mo of exposure, which resulted in changes in the levels of biomarkers in BAL fluid. Although numbers of eosinophils in BAL fluid increased significantly in the M and H groups at 12 mo, only leukotriene C4 increased at 18 and 24 mo in blood and at 24 mo in BAL fluid. Animals exposed to the medium level of diesel exhaust without particulate matter showed significantly less increase of these biomarkers as compared with animals exposed to the same level of diesel exhaust with particulate matters. These findings indicate that chronic exposure to diesel exhaust induced continuous @entity32 , overproduction of mucus, and phospholipids in the lung. Animals exposed to the high dose of diesel exhaust showed a plateau of biological responses at 12 mo of exposure. Particulate matter in diesel exhaust appears to play an important role in development of @entity651 by chronic emission exhaust exposure.

title: Dose-response assessment and effect of particles in XXXX exposed chronically to diesel exhaust: analysis of various biological markers in pulmonary alveolar lavage fluid and circulating blood.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity840 :: ('10141', 'Species') :: ['Guinea pigs', 'guinea pigs']

entities_list: @entity651 :: ('MESH:D055370', 'Disease') :: ['lung injury']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic obstructive lung diseases']

answer: @entity840 :: (10141,Species) :: ['guinea pigs']


abstract: Ion channels encoded by @entity4543 -  -go-go-related genes (ERG) have been implicated in repolarization of the cardiac action potential and also as components of the resting membrane conductance in various cells. The aim of the present study was to determine whether ERG channels were expressed in smooth muscle cells isolated from portal vein. RT-PCR demonstrated the expression of @entity19 ERG (mERG), and real-time quantitative PCR showed that the @entity65274 isoform predominated over the @entity65274 , @entity65275 , and @entity29945 in portal vein. Single myocytes from portal vein displayed membrane staining with an @entity65274 -specific antibody. Whole cell voltage-clamp experiments were performed to determine whether portal vein myocytes expressed functional ERG channels. Large inward currents with distinctive kinetics were elicited that were inhibited rapidly by E-4031 (mean amplitude of the E-4031-sensitive current at -120 mV was -205 +/- 24 pA; n = 14). Deactivation of the E-4031-sensitive current was voltage dependent (mean time constants at -80 and -120 mV were 103 +/- 9 and 33 +/- 2 ms, respectively; n = 13). Because of the rapid kinetics of mERG currents at more negative potentials, there was a substantial noninactivating "window" current that reached a maximum of -66 +/- 10 pA at -70 mV. Complete portal veins exhibited spontaneous contractile activity in isometric tension experiments, and this activity was modified significantly by E-4031. These data show that ERG channels are expressed in @entity19 portal vein myocytes that may contribute to the resting membrane conductance.

title: Functional and molecular identification of ERG channels in XXXX portal vein myocytes.

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['murine']


abstract: Between 1972 and 1982, 112 consecutive previously untreated adults (aged 15-69 years, median 26) commenced therapy for @entity981 ( @entity981 ) at St Bartholomew's Hospital. The first 63 @entity1 entered into the study received initial treatment which comprised four cycles of @entity632 and @entity1891 , @entity617 and @entity4445 with the first cycle (OPAL). In 1978, six cycles were given, with escalating doses of @entity632 and @entity786 from cycle 3 (HEAV'D). Central nervous system (CNS) prophylaxis incorporated intrathecal @entity1499 and @entity2592 with cranial irradiation. Maintenance chemotherapy consisted of @entity4446 , @entity786 and @entity1499 for 3 years. Results obtained with the OPAL and HEAV'D regimens were not significantly different. The overall complete remission (CR) rate was 66% (73/111), factors correlating unfavourably with achievement of CR being advanced age (P less than 0.001) and L3 morphology/B- @entity981 immunophenotype (P less than 0.01). Fifty-three @entity1 have relapsed, the bone marrow being the primary site in 43. Extramedullary relapse alone occurred in 10 (seven CNS, two testicular and one skin). Only three of the 64 @entity1 who had complete CNS prophylaxis subsequently relapsed in the CNS as an isolated site. One @entity1 died in CR, 19 remain in continuous CR between 2.5 and 10.5 years. The median duration of remission of the 73 @entity1 who achieved CR was 18.5 months, factors correlating favourably with duration of CR being low blast cell count at presentation (P less than 0.002) and common @entity981 immunophenotype (P less than 0.04). Twenty-four @entity1 remain alive, with a median survival of all @entity1 of 18 months. Long-term survival is possible for approximately 20% of adults with @entity981 treated relatively intensively.

title: Treatment of XXXX in adults.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['adriamycin']

entities_list: @entity981 :: ('MESH:D054198', 'Disease') :: ['acute lymphoblastic leukaemia', 'ALL']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity2592 :: ('MESH:D003561', 'Chemical') :: ['cytosine arabinoside']

entities_list: @entity4446 :: ('MESH:D015122', 'Chemical') :: ['6-mercaptopurine']

entities_list: @entity1891 :: ('MESH:D014750', 'Chemical') :: ['vincristine']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

entities_list: @entity617 :: ('MESH:D011239', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisolone']

answer: @entity981 :: (MESH:D054198,Disease) :: ['acute lymphoblastic leukaemia']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the effectivity of a combined intervention of information and communication to reduce magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) @entity148 using prolactin and @entity701 as biochemical markers and State Trait @entity148 Inventory (STAI). MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study is a randomized prospective research. Sample size was 33 @entity1 . Fourteen @entity1 were enrolled as study group, compared to 19 @entity1 as control group. Blood samples were collected by venous sampling, and STAI was filled before and after scan. State @entity148 inventory was used twice. Study group received a standard information about MRI scans and were communicated with 2minute intervals via intercom; control group had no intervention. Blood samples were carried in ice to be centrifuged and stored as soon as they were taken to study prolactin and @entity701 . Data were stored and analyzed by SPSS 17.0. P value for significance was accepted as 0.05. RESULTS: Prolactin-pre, prolactin-post, @entity701 -pre, @entity701 -post, @entity701 percent increase, Trait @entity148 Inventory (TAI), SAI (State @entity148 Inventory) pre-scan and post-scan levels were similar between demographic groups. @entity701 -pre levels were similar between study and control, however prolactin-pre levels were significantly higher in control group. Study group had 6% lower @entity701 level post-scan, whereas control group had 18% increase. Study and control groups had similar Trait @entity148 and SAI-pre scores. SAI-post scores were lower in study group when compared with control group. Study group also had lower SAI-post scores than SAI-pre, whereas control group had higher. CONCLUSION: MRI @entity148 can be reduced by information and communication. This combined method is shown to be effective and should be used during daily radiology routine.

title: Can MRI related XXXX @entity148 be prevented?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['Anxiety', 'anxiety']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['Cortisol', 'cortisol']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The demographic development with an ageing population is predicted to be the next global public health challenge. Advances in medicine and the socioeconomic development have reduced mortality and morbidity due to infectious conditions and non-communicable diseases. The increase in longevity will not be restricted to healthy @entity1 . OBJECTIVE: To understand how @entity1 with @entity121 experience ageing. METHOD: A literature review was conducted using the Matrix Method developed by Garrard (2007). This systematic method was used to identify, describe and interpret studies, irrespective of the methods applied. To avoid the exclusion of important sources, experiences and topics, we chose an integrative approach that accommodates the inclusion of studies with different methodologies. @entity1 with @entity601 have gradually extended their life expectancy during the last 30 years. Thus, we reviewed the literature regarding @entity601 and ageing without time limit. RESULTS: We identified three themes: 1) Slowing down early 2) Accepting lifelong deterioration and 3) Striving for normality. CONCLUSION: @entity1 with @entity601 live in a field of @entity2701 between a feeling of autonomy and normality and difficulties coping with reduced physical abilities. Getting older accentuates this @entity2701 since the physical strength diminishes and it is harder to maintain autonomy. The bodily challenges may coincide with the end of the rehabilitation @entity1 living with @entity601 have received. Seemingly, no age-related rehabilitation is offered, and @entity1 living with @entity601 are thus at risk of an unnecessarily passive life.

title: Ageing with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['people', 'People']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['muscular diseases']

answer: @entity121 :: (MESH:D009135,Disease) :: ['Muscular Disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate soft tissue characteristics in individuals with @entity3384 and the degree of satisfaction of these individuals after rehabilitation. SETTING: Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, Brazil. @entity1 : Forty-five individuals with @entity3384 , aged 15 to 30 years. INTERVENTIONS: One hundred thirty-five frontal facial photographs were obtained at rest and in natural and forced @entity408 . Specialists in periodontics evaluated the soft tissue characteristics. Both @entity1 and specialists evaluated the smiles and scored them as esthetically unpleasant, acceptable, or pleasant. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Comparison of the cleft area with the contralateral region was performed for evaluation of soft tissue. The results of the degree of satisfaction with @entity408 were expressed as percentages and means. The findings between @entity1 and periodontists experienced or inexperienced with cleft care were compared. RESULTS: Statistically significant differences were observed for @entity604 and @entity2048 in the esthetic area between groups (p < .05). Results show 84.4% of individuals considered their @entity408 as esthetically pleasant. Specialists in periodontics of both groups scored the natural @entity408 and forced @entity408 as esthetically acceptable. There was a statistically significant difference in the mean of @entity1 compared with both groups of specialists in periodontics (p < .05). CONCLUSIONS: Evaluation and knowledge of the soft tissue characteristics is extremely important for successful rehabilitation. The esthetic values and degree of @entity1 satisfaction are essential for treatment success, since @entity408 reconstruction should be esthetically pleasant to the @entity1 .

title: Esthetic analysis of gingival components of @entity408 and degree of satisfaction in individuals with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity604 :: ('MESH:D016301', 'Disease') :: ['alveolar process deficiency']

entities_list: @entity2048 :: ('MESH:D004832', 'Disease') :: ['absence of papilla']

entities_list: @entity3384 :: ('MESH:D002971', 'Disease') :: ['cleft lip and palate', 'repaired complete unilateral cleft lip and palate']

answer: @entity3384 :: (MESH:D002971,Disease) :: ['cleft lip and palate']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity12967 ( @entity12967 ) is a rare benign disorder described initially by Raskin in 1988. It is characterized by recurrent nocturnal episodes of @entity10 that periodically awaken the sleeping @entity1 and usually occur in the elderly. This review is aimed at describing the clinical features of the @entity12967 cases in childhood that have been published in literature so far. Based on a literature search in the major medical databases (LiLacs, SciELO, Bireme, Scopus, EBSCO and PubMed), we have analyzed the case reports on @entity12967 in childhood that have been published between 1988 (the first description) and 2014. In this review, we have described five @entity1 (3 @entity1 and 2 @entity1 ) diagnosed with @entity12967 . The average age was 9.0  1.6years (95% CI 7.6-10.4), ranging from 7 to 11years. The diagnosis was made 15.8  25.0months (range 1 to 60months) after the @entity10 started. Three @entity1 (60.0%) were awakened a few hours after falling asleep. The @entity10 lasted up to 30min in four (80.0%) @entity1 . The @entity10 was bilaterally localized (4/5; 80.0%), had a throbbing/pulsating character (3/5; 60.0%) and a severe intensity (4/5; 80.0%). The frequency was less than 15days per month (4/5; 80.0%). The absence of autonomic symptoms was reported by all @entity1 . There was successful treatment with @entity2493 in 2/5 (40.0%) of the @entity1 . @entity12967 is very rare in childhood; its clinical features are inconsistent and still need further evaluation.

title: XXXX in childhood: A literature review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient', 'girls', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity12967 :: ('MESH:D051270', 'Disease') :: ['HH', 'Hypnic headache']

entities_list: @entity2493 :: ('MESH:D008550', 'Chemical') :: ['melatonin']

answer: @entity12967 :: (MESH:D051270,Disease) :: ['Hypnic headache']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between plasma @entity5322 ( @entity5322 ) @entity66630 gene polymorphism and the risk of recurrence of adverse cardiac events after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in @entity1 with @entity1187 ( @entity1187 ). METHODS: A total of 275 @entity1 with @entity1187 received standard dual antiplatelet therapy and PCI. Platelet aggregation rate (PAR) was detected in each @entity1 before and 7 days after administration of the anti-platelet drugs. Single nucleotide polymorphism of @entity5322 gene @entity66630 was detected with PCR and microarray technique. The number of @entity453 was determined by PCI and the Gensini score was calculated. The @entity1 were followed up for 3-12 months after discharge. RESULTS: No significant difference was found in @entity5322 gene polymorphism between @entity1 with @entity1397 resistance (CR group) and those without CR (NCR group) (P>0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that @entity5322 gene @entity66630 polymorphism was not correlated with CR in @entity1 with @entity1187 (OR 1.359, P>0.05). During the follow-up, the incidence of cardiovascular events was significantly higher in CR group than in NCR group (P<0.05), but this difference was not related to the mutation type of @entity66630 locus of @entity5322 gene. CONCLUSION: The @entity5322 gene @entity66630 polymorphism is not associated with the effect of anti-platelet therapy and the risk of cardiovascular event in @entity1 with @entity1187 following PCI.

title: [Correlation between cytochrome 3A4+894C>T P450 gene polymorphism and outcomes of coronary intervention in @entity1 with XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['ACS', 'acute coronary syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1397 :: ('MESH:C055162', 'Chemical') :: ['clopidogrel']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery lesions']

answer: @entity1187 :: (MESH:D054058,Disease) :: ['acute coronary syndrome']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: In literature the diagnostic value of MRI for detecting lesions of the carpal ligaments and the TFCC is judged controversially. The aim of the following study is to determine the diagnostic accuracy of direct MR arthrography for depicting and staging of intraarticular lesions of the wrist. MATERIAL AND METHODS: One day before undergoing arthroscopy, 125 @entity1 suffering from @entity158 were examined with direct MR arthrography in a prospective and blinded study. A mixture of contrast medium ( @entity1496 -containing contrast medium and @entity27307 in relation 200 : 1) was injected into both radiocarpal and @entity2720 . The following sequences were acquired on a 1.5T scanner: coronal T1-weighted SE, coronal fat-saturated T1-weighted SE, coronal T1-/T2*-DESS-3D, and sagittal T2*-weighted MEDIC. MRI results were compared with arthroscopic findings using statistical analysis (SEN = sensitivity, SPE = specificity, @entity2286 = positive predictive value, NPV = negative predictive value, ACC = accuracy). RESULTS: In comparison to arthroscopy as the accepted diagnostic gold standard, the following results were found for MR arthrography. Detection of TFCC lesions: SEN 97.1 %, SPE 96.4 %, @entity2286 97.1 %, NPV 96.4 %, ACC 96.8 %. Detection of complete tears of the scapholunate ligament: SEN 91.7 %, SPE 100 %, @entity2286 100 %, NPV 99.1%, ACC 99.2%. Detection of partial tears: SEN 62.5 %, SPE 100 %, @entity2286 100 %, NPV 94.8 %, ACC 95.2 %. Detection of cartilage defects: SEN 84.2 %, SPE 96.2 %, @entity2286 80 %, NPV 97.1 %, ACC 94.4 %. In total, only three lesions of the lunotriquetral ligament were present. CONCLUSION: Direct MR arthrographic imaging is well suited for detecting intraarticular lesions of the wrist. The presented diagnostic results of MR arthrography are superior to the results of unenhanced MRI reported in the literature. Direct MR arthrography as a reliable diagnostic tool is strongly recommended if lesions of the scapholunate ligament and the triangular fibrocartilage complex are suspected. In contrast, an attitude of caution must be adopted in diagnosing lesions of the articular cartilage of the wrist.

title: [Direct MR arthrography of the wrist in comparison with arthroscopy: a prospective study on 125 XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity27307 :: ('CHEBI:35778', 'Chemical') :: ['gadopentetate']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['wrist pain']

entities_list: @entity2720 :: ('MESH:D007592', 'Disease') :: ['midcarpal joints']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE: Cyst formation within the brain parenchyma after endovascular coil occlusion of an @entity438 is a previously undescribed occurrence. We describe a 70-year-old @entity1 who presented with a symptomatic pontine cyst 1 year after uncomplicated stenting and Guglielmi detachable coil occlusion of an unruptured basilar artery trunk @entity439 . CLINICAL PRESENTATION: A 70-year-old @entity1 presented with an episode of transient dysequilibrium and gait difficulty. Magnetic resonance imaging and cerebral angiography demonstrated a 15-mm distal basilar artery trunk @entity439 . Endovascular stenting and coil occlusion of the @entity439 were performed without technical complications. One year after the initial treatment, the @entity1 developed progressive @entity4653 , @entity1282 , @entity892 , and left @entity1269 . A large pontomesencephalic cyst adjacent to the coiled basilar @entity439 was identified on magnetic resonance imaging scans. INTERVENTION: A subtemporal craniotomy and decompression of the pontomesencephalic cyst were performed. The @entity1 's symptoms of @entity409 improved temporarily but recurred within 2 months, necessitating reoperation for cyst drainage and placement of a cyst-peritoneal shunt. CONCLUSION: Intra-axial cyst formation after stenting and endovascular occlusion of an @entity438 is an unusual occurrence and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of new @entity51 after endovascular treatment. The pathophysiological mechanism of cyst formation in this case is not known.

title: Development of a pontine cyst after endovascular coil occlusion of a basilar artery trunk XXXX : case report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity1269 :: ('MESH:D010291', 'Disease') :: ['hemiparesis']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['brainstem dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deficits']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['dysphagia']

entities_list: @entity892 :: ('MESH:D004172', 'Disease') :: ['diplopia']

entities_list: @entity4653 :: ('MESH:D004401', 'Disease') :: ['dysarthria']

answer: @entity439 :: (MESH:D000783,Disease) :: ['aneurysm']


abstract: Autoantibodies inhibiting the activity of the metalloproteinase, @entity2105 (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with a thrombospondin type 1 motif, member 13), underlie the pathogenesis of @entity2106 ( @entity2106 ). Rituximab (RTX) combined with plasma-exchange (PEX) is an effective treatment in @entity2106 . @entity1 can remain in remission for extended periods following PEX/RTX, and this is associated with continuing reduction in antibodies to @entity2105 . Factors controlling B cell differentiation to autoantibody production, including stimulation through the B cell receptor and interactions with the @entity8410 ( @entity8410 ), may thus impact length of remission. In this cross-sectional study, we measured naive and memory B cell phenotypes [using @entity1075 /immunoglobulin (Ig)D/ @entity2731 ] following PEX/RTX treatment in @entity2106 @entity1 at B cell return (n   =   6) and in 12 @entity1 in remission 10-68 months post-RTX. We also investigated relationships among serum @entity8410 , soluble @entity7527 (sCD23(-) a surrogate measure of acquiring B memory ( @entity2731 (+) ) phenotype) and @entity25869 ( @entity25869 ) expression. At B cell return after PEX/RTX, naive B cells predominated and @entity25869 expression was reduced compared to healthy controls (P   <   0  001). In the remission group, despite numbers of @entity1075 (+) B cells within normal limits in most @entity1 , the percentage and absolute numbers of pre-switch and memory B cells remained low, with sCD23 levels at the lower end of the normal range. @entity8410 levels were correlated inversely with @entity25869 expression and time after therapy. In conclusion, the long-term effects of RTX therapy in @entity1 with @entity2106 included slow regeneration of memory B cell subsets and persistently reduced @entity25869 expression across all B cell subpopulations. This may reflect the delay in selection and differentiation of potentially autoreactive ( @entity2105 -specific) B cells, resulting in relatively long periods of low disease activity after therapy.

title: Effect of rituximab on B cell phenotype and serum @entity8410 levels in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity8410 :: ('10673', 'Gene') :: ['B cell-activating factor', 'BAFF']

entities_list: @entity2106 :: ('MESH:D011697', 'Disease') :: ['thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura', 'TTP']

answer: @entity2106 :: (MESH:D011697,Disease) :: ['thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity42122 , a novel, direct-acting thymidylate synthase inhibitor, and the topoisomerase inhibitor @entity1945 have antitumour activity in a range of solid @entity5 . We report results from two open-label, multicentre, phase I and phase II trials, investigating the pharmacokinetics, tolerability and efficacy of @entity42122 , when used in combination with @entity1945 in @entity1 with relapsed or @entity5 . @entity1 AND METHODS: @entity1 in the phase II trial had progressed following first- or second-line treatment with @entity902 and @entity1311 . The recommended dose (RD) from the phase I study was subsequently used in the phase II trial. @entity42122 was given as a 30-min i.v. infusion on days 1 and 8 combined with a 30-min i.v. infusion of @entity1945 on days 1-5 of each 3-week cycle. RESULTS: Sixteen @entity1 with a selection of solid @entity5 were recruited to the phase I trial. Forty-one @entity1 were included in the combination therapy arm of the phase II study; 95% of which had @entity43 and 5% had @entity3906 . Three @entity1 experienced dose-limiting @entity137 during the phase I trial, one at dose level 1 ( @entity42122 65 mg/m2, @entity1945 0.5 mg/m2) and two at dose level 2 ( @entity42122 65 mg/m2, @entity1945 0.75 mg/m2). The RD for the phase II study was @entity42122 65 mg/m2, @entity1945 0.5 mg/m2. In both trials, the most common grade 3 and 4 adverse events were @entity882 (15 of 57 @entity1 , 26.3%), @entity1398 (11 of 57 @entity1 , 19.3%) and @entity417 (9 of 57 @entity1 , 15.8%). One @entity1 (2.4%) in the phase II trial experienced a complete response and six @entity1 overall experienced a partial response [one (6.3%) in phase I, five (12.2%) in phase II]. Seventeen @entity1 achieved stable disease [three (18.8%) in phase I, 14 (34.1%) in phase II]. CONCLUSIONS: @entity42122 , in combination with @entity1945 , showed manageable @entity137 and some evidence of activity in @entity1 with @entity43 .

title: XXXX in combination with @entity1945 : phase I and II experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['refractory tumours', 'tumours']

entities_list: @entity3906 :: ('MESH:D010534', 'Disease') :: ['peritoneal cancer']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['platinum']

entities_list: @entity1945 :: ('MESH:D019772', 'Chemical') :: ['topotecan']

answer: @entity42122 :: (MESH:C094299,Chemical) :: ['ZD9331']


abstract: A previous study showed that coadministration of @entity109 (PB) and @entity2049 ( @entity2050 ) to the @entity2608 resulted in an increase in the steady-state ratio of @entity15058 (EPO) to @entity2050 . Several postulates were proposed suggesting in induction in the formation pathway of EPO. This study was undertaken to determine whether PB can also modify the elimination kinetics of EPO in monkey. Five @entity2608 received an intravenous bolus dose of EPO on day 1, day 5, and day 15. In addition, the animals received an acute loading dose (110 mg) of PB on day 5 followed by 10 daily maintenance doses (35 mg/day). Plasma samples were assayed for PB and EPO by GC/CI/MS. The mean (+/- SD) of plasma clearance (CL), volume of distribution (V), and half-life (t 1/2) during the control period for EPO were 5.57 +/- 2.15 liters/hr, 7.48 +/- 2.50 liters and 0.95 +/- 0.16 hr, respectively. An acute loading dose of PB had no significant effect on any of these pharmacokinetic parameters at p = 0.05. Subchronic administration of PB caused an increase in CL (8.23 +/- 2.03 liters/hr, p less than 0.05), a decrease in t 1/2 (0.67 +/- 0.09, p larger than 0.05 but less than 0.10), and no change in V. This study suggests that PB produces an increase in systemic and intrinsic hepatic clearance of EPO. Therefore, the reported increase in the EPO- @entity2050 steady-state ratio after PB administration could occur only if the formation clearance of EPO is increased to a greater extent than its elimination clearance.

title: Induction effect of XXXX on @entity15058 kinetics in the @entity2608 .

entities_list: @entity109 :: ('MESH:D010634', 'Chemical') :: ['phenobarbital']

entities_list: @entity15058 :: ('MESH:C012227', 'Chemical') :: ['carbamazepine-10,11-epoxide']

entities_list: @entity2608 :: ('9544', 'Species') :: ['rhesus monkey', 'rhesus monkeys']

entities_list: @entity2049 :: ('MESH:D002220', 'Chemical') :: ['carbamazepine']

answer: @entity109 :: (MESH:D010634,Chemical) :: ['phenobarbital']


abstract: In a prospective, randomized trial, @entity5646 (1 g intravenously or intramuscularly, twice daily) was compared with @entity5505 (1 g intravenously or intramuscularly, twice daily) and @entity4509 (500 mg intravenously or intramuscularly, twice daily) in 76 @entity1 aged 24 to 84 years (mean, 59.7 years) with complicated @entity293 . Initial pathogens included @entity526 (47.5%), @entity796 (22.5%), @entity4005 spp. (9%), @entity795 spp. (7.5%) and Enterobacter spp (6%). In four @entity1 initial urine cultures yielded more than one organism. All pathogens were sensitive to the three study drugs. Including performance of 4- to 6-week follow-up cultures, eradication of the pathogens occurred in 72% of @entity1 treated with @entity5646 , in 74% of those treated with @entity5505 and in 71% treated with @entity4509 (p greater than 0.05). Clinical success was observed in 84% of @entity1 treated with @entity5646 , in 82% of those treated with @entity5505 and in 85% treated with @entity4509 (p greater than 0.05). All drugs were well tolerated. It is concluded that @entity5646 , @entity5505 and @entity4509 are equally effective and safe for the treatment of complicated @entity293 due to susceptible organisms.

title: A comparative study on XXXX , @entity5505 and @entity4509 in the treatment of complicated @entity293 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4005 :: ('MESH:D007710', 'Disease') :: ['Klebsiella']

entities_list: @entity796 :: ('287', 'Species') :: ['Pseudomonas aeruginosa']

entities_list: @entity4509 :: ('MESH:D000583', 'Chemical') :: ['amikacin']

entities_list: @entity293 :: ('MESH:D014552', 'Disease') :: ['urinary tract infections']

entities_list: @entity5505 :: ('MESH:D002442', 'Chemical') :: ['ceftazidime']

entities_list: @entity5646 :: ('MESH:D001398', 'Chemical') :: ['aztreonam']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

answer: @entity5646 :: (MESH:D001398,Chemical) :: ['aztreonam']


abstract: We experienced a case of @entity4785 with decorticated posture in a 71-year-old @entity1 after neck clipping of the @entity438 . Decorticated posture is observed with severe @entity74 caused by @entity75 . In this case, therefore, severe @entity75 was suspected, although light reflex was observed and respiration was stable. In addition, in this case, the @entity439 was located at the junction of the internal carotid artery and the posterior communicating artery. Therefore, surgical @entity16 was not likely to have happened. Postoperative computed tomography showed no abnormality in this region. Two days later, her symptom disappeared, and she could clearly recollect memory of these two days just after surgery. However, she could not follow directions because of a sense of fear. Thus her symptom might be based on a kind of @entity146 . @entity1 with @entity13299 react abnormally to stimulus or stress. Stupor was diagnosed as due to defect of reaction to stimulus of sound, light and touch. She was diagnosed as @entity4785 of the @entity13299 type. In this case, decorticated posture was caused by @entity146 . We have to pay attention not only to brain tissue damage but also to @entity16 of @entity1 .

title: [A case of XXXX with decorticated posture after neck clipping of @entity438 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'woman', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['mental disorder']

entities_list: @entity4785 :: ('MESH:D004213', 'Disease') :: ['dissociative stupor']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain herniation', 'brain stem damage']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['damage to midbrain', 'psychological damage']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['midbrain disorder']

entities_list: @entity13299 :: ('MESH:D003291', 'Disease') :: ['conversion disorder']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['brain aneurysm']

answer: @entity4785 :: (MESH:D004213,Disease) :: ['dissociative stupor']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Most childhood @entity5 survivors do not receive risk-based care through a survivorship program, but factors associated with dropping out of care are unclear. This study aimed to identify characteristics of pediatric @entity5 survivors who do not return to a @entity5 center survivorship program for recommended care after at least 1 visit compared with those who continue to attend. @entity1 characteristics (demographics, school functioning, @entity146 history) and treatment characteristics (diagnosis, treatment) were abstracted from medical records for all eligible @entity1 . Unadjusted and multivariable logistic regression analyses examined the associations among @entity1 and treatment characteristics and nonattendance. The charts of 400 eligible @entity1 ( @entity1 below 18, n=123; adults, n=277) were reviewed. Of these, 60.3% of @entity1 had not been seen in clinic within 1 year of their last recommended follow-up appointment. Adult-aged survivors were less likely to return to clinic than @entity1 -aged survivors (P<0.001). For @entity1 survivors, longer time off treatment was associated with noncompliance with follow-up. For adult survivors, current age, nonwhite race, and longer time off treatment were associated with noncompliance. Additional methods to identify survivors at risk for noncompliance with follow-up and interventions for at-risk survivors are needed to improve survivorship care.

title: Factors Associated With Noncompliance With Long-term Follow-up Care Among XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient', 'Patient', 'child']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Pediatric Cancer Survivors']


abstract: BACKGROUND: An attenuated inotropic response to beta-adrenergic stimulation has been documented in @entity1 with severely depressed left ventricular (LV) function. Scant data exist regarding the effect of beta-adrenergic stimulation on LV diastolic function in @entity1 beings. Our objective was to evaluate the effect of @entity452 infusion on LV systolic and diastolic function in @entity1 with severe @entity67 . METHODS AND RESULTS: We studied 26 @entity1 (60 +/- 9 years) in stable condition with healed @entity583 and LV ejection fraction (EF) less than 35% by radionuclide ventriculography. LVEF, volumes, peak ejection rate (PER), peak filling rate (PFR), and peak systolic pressure-to-end-systolic volume ratio were calculated at the infusion rate of 5 and 10 gamma x kg(-1) x @entity1009 ). At 5 gamma x kg(-1) x @entity1009 ), no changes were observed in heart rate (75 +/- 16 beats/min vs 75 +/- 15 beats/min at rest), LVEF (23% +/- 8% vs 22% +/- 7%), and PER (1.40 +/- 0.48 end-diastolic volume per second [EDV/s] vs 1.30 +/- 0.48 EDV/s); however, a significant increase in PFR was observed (1.11 +/- 0.36 EDV/s vs 0.86 +/- 0.30 EDV/s, P < .01). At 10 gamma x kg(-1) x @entity1009 ), an increase in LVEF (25% +/- 10%, P < .01) and PER (1.60 +/- 0.57 EDV/s, P < .01) was observed; PFR (1.25 +/- 0.36 EDV/s, P < .05) also increased, whereas heart rate (78 +/- 18 beats/min) was unchanged. No significant changes in LV volumes or in indices of LV contraction synchronicity were observed during infusion. Finally, the peak systolic pressure-to-end-systolic volume ratio was unchanged at 5 gamma x kg(-1) x @entity1009 ) and significantly increased at 10 gamma x kg(-1) x @entity1009 ). CONCLUSIONS: In stable @entity1 with @entity741 and severe @entity1002 , beta-adrenergic stimulation may still induce a positive lusitropic response, despite attenuated inotropic and chronotropic responses; moreover, the effects on diastolic function occur earlier than those on systolic function.

title: Differential systolic and diastolic effects of beta-adrenergic stimulation in @entity1 with severe XXXX : a radionuclide ventriculographic study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity452 :: ('MESH:D004280', 'Chemical') :: ['dobutamine']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic heart disease']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['LV dysfunction']

answer: @entity1002 :: (MESH:D018487,Disease) :: ['left ventricular dysfunction']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Index lesion characterization is important in the evaluation of @entity263 ( @entity263 ). The aim of this study was to analyze the contribution of @entity25249 PET/CT and the Apparent Diffusion Coefficient maps (ADC) in detecting the Index Lesion and clinically significant @entity5 in @entity263 . METHODS: Twenty-one untreated @entity1 with biopsy-proven @entity263 and candidates for radical prostatectomy (RP) were prospectively evaluated by means of Ultra-High Definition PET/CT and 3T MRI, which included T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) and ADC maps obtained from diffusion weighted imaging (DWI). Independent experts analyzed all the images separately and were unaware of the pathological data. In each case, the Index lesion was defined as the @entity5 measured on histopathology (Index H). In addition, the largest lesion observed on MRI (Index MRI) and the highest avid @entity25249 uptake lesion (Index PET) were obtained. The Gleason scores (GS) of the @entity5 were determined. PET/CT and ADC map quantitative parameters were also calculated. Measures of correlation among imaging parameters as well as the sensitivity (S), specificity (Sp), negative and positive predictive values (NPV and @entity2286 ) for @entity5 detection were analyzed. All data was validated with the pathological study. RESULTS: In the morphological study, 139 foci of @entity189 were identified, 47 of which corresponded to clinically significant @entity5 (>0.5   cm(3) ). The remaining foci presented a maximum diameter (dmax ) of 0.1   cm        SD 0.75 and were not classified as clinically significant. Thirty-two @entity5 presented a GS (3   +   3), nine GS (3   +   4), and six GS (4   +   3). A total of 21 Index H (dmax    =   1.37   cm SD        0.61) were identified. The @entity16237 , NPV, and @entity2286 for @entity5 detection with PET were 100%, 70%, 83%, 100%, and for MRI were 46%, 100%, 100%, 54%, respectively. Both Index PET and Index MRI were complementary and identified 95% of the Index H when quantitative criteria were used. CONCLUSION: In spite of the fact that PET imaging has higher @entity5 sensitivity than MRI, @entity25249 PET and ADC maps have complementary roles in the evaluation of Index Lesion in @entity263 . Index PET and Index MRI could be complementary targets in the therapeutic planning of @entity263 . Prostate    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Index lesion characterization by XXXX PET/CT and Apparent Diffusion Coefficient parameters at 3 Tesla MRI in @entity263 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['PPC', 'primary prostate carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'largest tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

answer: @entity25249 :: (CHEBI:72322,Chemical) :: ['(11) C-Choline']


abstract: AIM: To evaluate the long-term outcome of @entity1222 ( @entity1222 ) in @entity1 . METHODS: We re-evaluated all @entity1 (<15 y old at diagnosis) treated at our unit in 1962-1989. Histopathology specimens were reviewed and verified for 49 @entity1 . Forty @entity1 underwent physical examination and laboratory tests, and 38 were subjected to imaging, at a median time of 16 y (range 5.5-33.5) after diagnosis. RESULTS: Altogether, 5/49 (10%) @entity1 died, all with @entity66 and age <2 y at diagnosis. Age at diagnosis (p=0.001) and survival (p=0.014) for the 22 @entity1 with @entity66 was significantly lower compared with the 27 @entity1 with @entity262 . The term "maximal extent of disease" was introduced since reactivation of @entity1222 often tends to involve additional organs not previously affected by the disease. At follow-up, late sequelae had developed in 17/40 (42%) @entity1 , including @entity2010 in 6/40 (15%), CNS complications in at least 4/40 (10%) (3/16, 19%, of multi-system @entity1 ) and late-stage @entity358 in 4/38 (11%). Seven out of 21 (33%) of the @entity1 with @entity66 were alive and healthy without sequelae at follow-up, as compared to 16/24 (67%) of those with @entity262 (p=0.026). Of 14 individuals 25 y at follow-up, senior high school had been completed in 7/9 (78%) with single-system and 1/5 (20%) with @entity66 (at maximal disease extent) (p=0.091). CONCLUSION: Multi-system @entity1222 is associated not only with increased mortality but also pronounced propensity for severe late sequelae; 51% of the @entity1 (multi-system=33%, single-system=67%) were alive without sequelae at follow-up. Among multi-system @entity1 , at least 19% suffered CNS sequelae.

title: Long-term follow-up of XXXX : 39 years' experience at a single centre.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['multi-system disease']

entities_list: @entity1222 :: ('MESH:D006646', 'Disease') :: ['Langerhans cell histiocytosis', 'LCH']

entities_list: @entity262 :: ('MESH:D034721', 'Disease') :: ['single-system disease']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary disease']

entities_list: @entity2010 :: ('MESH:D003919', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes insipidus']

answer: @entity1222 :: (MESH:D006646,Disease) :: ['Langerhans cell histiocytosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Gamma-knife radiosurgery (GKS) for @entity5513 ( @entity5513 ) has become popular during the last two decades, and a promising @entity5 control rate has been reported. Therefore, the evaluation and preservation of auditory-vestibular nerve function after GKS have become more and more important in these @entity1 with long-term survival. We have traditionally used pure-tone audiometry (PTA) for evaluation of auditory nerve function, and the caloric test for superior vestibular nerve function. Vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (VEMP) has recently emerged from various neurophysiological examinations for assessment of the integrity of the inferior vestibular nerve function. This novel tool has been established to represent a sacculo-collic reflex. By using these three tools, the auditory-vestibular nerve function of VS @entity1 can be evaluated and monitored before and after GKS. METHODS: Fourteen @entity1 with unilateral VS that underwent GKS were prospectively recruited. All of them received a battery of auditory-vestibular function tests including PTA, caloric, and cVEMP tests before and after GKS at each time point (1, 6, and 12 months). Our data also included the @entity5 volumes and their relationship with the PTA, caloric, and cVEMP test results. RESULTS: The PTA, caloric, and cVEMP tests showed abnormal results before GKS in 85.7%, 78.6% and 78.6% of our VS @entity1 , respectively. The PTA, caloric, and cVEMP results did not show strong correlations between each other. However, there was a tendency that when the @entity5 grew larger, the auditory-vestibular function deficits became more severe. The PTA and cVEMP test results remained stable during the 1-year follow-up after GKS. However, the caloric test showed transient deterioration at the 6th month follow-up, which then recovered by the 1-year follow-up. CONCLUSION: The combination of these three tests can help us diagnose VS and assess the change in auditory-vestibular nerve function during the post-GKS follow-up period. The results of these three tests were independent for smaller @entity5 , but all tests may show abnormal findings with larger @entity5 . Although the study is still ongoing, the preliminary data showed that GKS treatment would not affect the auditory-vestibular nerve function within a 1-year follow-up period.

title: Cervical vestibular-evoked myogenic potential in XXXX after gamma-knife surgery.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity5513 :: ('MESH:D009464', 'Disease') :: ['VSs', 'vestibular schwannomas']

answer: @entity5513 :: (MESH:D009464,Disease) :: ['vestibular schwannoma']


abstract: @entity802 resistance is a marker of @entity1536 sensibility in @entity11621 spp. In our laboratory we observed an increase of @entity802 resistant strains from 0.44% in 1990 to 13.7% in 1996. The purpose of this work was to study the evolution of @entity802 resistance in @entity11621 spp., as well as the association with certain serotypes and the cross-resistance to others agents. A total of 1,782 isolates of @entity11621 were studied from fecal and blood sources over a 7-year period; 45 strains (2.52%) were resistant to @entity802 (MIC > 16 microgram/ml). Two isolates required 2 microgram/ml of @entity2177 for inhibition, while the remaining 43 strains required 1 microgram/ml. The most frequent serotypes in @entity802 resistant strains were the following: enteritidis (33.3%), hadar (31.11%) and virchow (15.5%). In 1996, enteritidis was the predominant serotype (13/31), and hadar serotype was found to have the greatest @entity802 resistance at 80% of strains. No differences of sensibility to other agents were detected between the @entity802 resistant group and @entity802 sensitive strains. This type of resistance appears regularly in uncommon serotypes such as hadar. The increasing incidence of resistant isolates in enteritidis in 1996 is of even greater concern.

title: [ XXXX resistance in @entity11621 ].

entities_list: @entity11621 :: ('28901', 'Species') :: ['Salmonella', 'Salmonella enterica']

entities_list: @entity802 :: ('MESH:D009268', 'Chemical') :: ['Nalidixic acid', 'nalidixic acid']

entities_list: @entity2177 :: ('MESH:D002939', 'Chemical') :: ['ciprofloxacin']

entities_list: @entity1536 :: ('CHEBI:23765', 'Chemical') :: ['quinolone']

answer: @entity1536 :: (CHEBI:23765,Chemical) :: ['Quinolone']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1 with indolent @entity1893 have multiple treatment options yet there is no consensus as to the best initial therapy. @entity6985 , an immunomodulatory agent, has single agent activity in relapsed @entity706 . This trial was conducted to assess feasibility, efficacy and safety of adding @entity6985 to rituximab, @entity786 , and @entity619 (LR-CD) in untreated indolent @entity1893 @entity1 requiring therapy. This was a single institution phase II trial. Treatment consisted of IV rituximab 375mg/m(2) day 1, oral @entity6985 20mg days 1-21, @entity786 250mg/m(2) days 1, 8, 15, and @entity619 40mg days 1, 8, 15, 22, of a 28-day cycle. Treatment continued 2 cycles beyond best response for a maximum of 12 cycles without rituximab maintenance. Thirty-three @entity1 were treated. Median age was 68 (43-83 years). 39% had stage IV disease. Histologic subtypes included: 8 @entity706 ( @entity706 ), 7 @entity1074 ( @entity1074 )(1 splenic, 2 extranodal, 4 nodal), 15 Waldenstr  m's @entity8057 (WM), 1 @entity706 , 1 small @entity1072 , and 1 low-grade @entity1892 with plasmacytic differentiation (unable to be classified better as @entity1074 or @entity5523 ). @entity1503 was the most common adverse event. Median time of follow up was 23.4 months (range 1.8-50.9). The overall response rate was 87.9%, with 30.3% complete response. The median duration of response was 38.7 months. The median PFS was 39.7 months, while median OS has not yet been reached. @entity6985 can be safely added to a simple regimen of rituximab, oral @entity786 , and @entity619 and is an effective combination as initial therapy for low-grade B cell @entity1893 . This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: A Phase 2 study of @entity6985 , Rituximab, @entity786 and @entity619 (LR-CD) for Untreated Low Grade XXXX Requiring Therapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma', 'FL', 'lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma', 'follicular lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity1074 :: ('MESH:D018442', 'Disease') :: ['marginal zone lymphoma', 'MZL']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity1072 :: ('MESH:D015451', 'Disease') :: ['lymphocytic lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['Hematologic toxicity']

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['dexamethasone']

entities_list: @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ['B-cell lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity6985 :: ('MESH:C467567', 'Chemical') :: ['Lenalidomide', 'lenalidomide']

entities_list: @entity8057 :: ('MESH:D008258', 'Disease') :: ['macroglobulinemia']

answer: @entity1893 :: (MESH:D008228,Disease) :: ['Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Assessment of @entity565 with a control test has been suggested as a relevant approach in recent years. However, no biomarker of systemic @entity32 has been included in the assessment of @entity565 control. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate plasma paraoxonase ( @entity533 ), @entity66 ( @entity66 ), and @entity159 ( @entity159 ) levels in @entity1 with @entity565 according to the disease control, and the performance in the identification of uncontrolled @entity1 . METHODS: Stable asthmatic @entity1 (n=85) and healthy controls (n=55) were recruited for this study. Blood samples were collected for plasma @entity533 , @entity66 , and @entity159 measurements. Any contributing factors that may affect plasma @entity533 , @entity159 , and @entity66 levels were excluded from both groups. The diagnostic potential of these measures was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. RESULTS: Comparing the asthmatic @entity1 with the control group, plasma @entity159 and @entity66 levels were significantly higher ( @entity159 ; 6.9  2.1, 1.05  0.32, P<0.001, and @entity66 ; 12.5  3.4, 5.5  3.8, P<0.001, respectively) and @entity533 level was significantly lower (156.5  55, 298.6  87.6, respectively, P<0.001) in the asthmatic group than controls. In ROC analysis, @entity533 presented an AUC 0.679 and @entity66 presented an AUC 0.645 for the identification of uncontrolled @entity565 , respectively. Asthma Control Test (ACT) presented an AUC of 0.972 for the identification of uncontrolled @entity565 . CONCLUSION: @entity533 and @entity66 levels may be systemic markers of uncontrolled @entity565 in @entity1 . Combined use of these two biomarkers with @entity565 control test may identify @entity1 with uncontrolled @entity565 in @entity1 .

title: Plasma paraoxonase, oxidative status level, and their relationship with @entity565 control test in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['total oxidant status', 'TOS']

entities_list: @entity159 :: ('MESH:D013226', 'Disease') :: ['total antioxidant status', 'TAS']

answer: @entity565 :: (MESH:D001249,Disease) :: ['asthma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE:     To determine if 2-DeNT Oral Topical Powder is an effective treatment for @entity9645 . MATERIALS AND METHODS:     Of the 46 @entity1 who were randomly allocated, 20 @entity1 from the experimental group and 17 from the placebo control group completed the study. The @entity1 , operators, and evaluators were all blinded. @entity1 applied the powder twice a day and completed a diary twice a day for 10 days. The diary was used to monitor the size of the lesions and @entity158 levels (using a 10-cm visual analog scale). RESULTS:     By day 5, the @entity1066 in the experimental group had reduced in size by approximately 70%; and @entity1066 in the control group had reduced in size by 56%. The experimental-group @entity1066 were significantly (P < .05) smaller than the control-group @entity1066 from day 5 through day 9. Ulcers in the experimental group were completely resolved by day 8, whereas control-group @entity1066 were still present on day 10. @entity1 experienced a significant amount of stimulated @entity158 until the night of day 2 in the experimental group and until the night of day 5 in the control group, but group differences in @entity158 were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS:     The 2DeNT Oral Topical powder was more effective than the placebo powder at accelerating the healing of oral traumatic @entity1066 .

title: Effectiveness of a novel topical powder on the treatment of XXXX in orthodontic @entity1 : A randomized controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity9645 :: ('MESH:D019226', 'Disease') :: ['traumatic oral ulcers']

answer: @entity9645 :: (MESH:D019226,Disease) :: ['traumatic oral ulcers']