abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Intraductal @entity5 (IPMT) of the pancreas constitute a unique pathological entity with an overall incidence of associated @entity5 of 20%. The malignant potential of an individual IPMT cannot be accurately predicted. Preoperative estimation of the risk of associated @entity5 with IPMT would be of significant clinical benefit. As aberrations in cell cycle regulatory genes are associated with the progression of precursor @entity660 to invasive @entity420 , we examined expression of key cell cycle regulatory genes in the @entity4910 / @entity995 pathway and the @entity2533 / @entity1594 signalling pathway in a cohort of @entity1 with surgically resected IPMT. METHODS: Sections of @entity406 fixed paraffin embedded pancreatic tissue from a cohort of 18 @entity1 with IPMT were examined using immunohistochemistry for protein expression of cell cycle regulatory genes @entity986 ( @entity986 ), @entity994 ( @entity994 ), @entity5438 ( @entity13525 ), @entity4910 , @entity996 , and @entity876 , as well as the cell signalling molecule @entity1594 . A comparison of expression levels was made between @entity652 /borderline IPMT (10 @entity1 ) and @entity1377 ( @entity1377 ) (eight @entity1 , four of whom harboured @entity189 ). Statistical analysis was performed using the chi(2) and Fisher's exact tests. RESULTS: Aberrant expression of the proteins examined increased in frequency from @entity652 /borderline IPMT to @entity1377 . Specifically, there was a significantly greater incidence of loss of @entity986 ( @entity986 ) expression in @entity1377 : 8/8 lesions (100%) compared with 1/10 (10%) @entity652 /borderline IPMT (p<0.001). Similarly, loss of @entity1594 expression was associated with @entity1377 : 3/8 (38%) versus @entity652 /borderline IPMT 0/10 (p<0.03). Loss of @entity1594 expression within the IPMT was the best marker for the presence of @entity189 (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate that loss of @entity986 ( @entity986 ) and @entity1594 expression occur more frequently in @entity1377 alone, or with associated @entity189 , compared with @entity652 /borderline IPMT. Aberrant protein expression of these cell cycle regulatory genes in IPMT and @entity788 in the current model of @entity788 progression suggest similarities in their development and may also represent the subsequent risk of @entity189 .

title: Aberrant @entity986 ( @entity986 ) and @entity1594 / @entity1594 expression in @entity5 of the pancreas is associated with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1377 :: ('MESH:D002291', 'Disease') :: ['IPMC', 'intraductal papillary mucinous carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer', 'pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['papillary mucinous tumours', 'invasive malignancy']

entities_list: @entity660 :: ('MESH:D010182', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic ductal lesions']

entities_list: @entity406 :: ('MESH:D005557', 'Chemical') :: ['formalin']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['invasive carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity2533 :: ('7040', 'Gene') :: ['transforming growth factor beta']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity995 :: ('MESH:D012175', 'Disease') :: ['retinoblastoma']

answer: @entity420 :: (MESH:D000230,Disease) :: ['invasive ductal adenocarcinoma']


abstract: Agar-gelatin hybrid sponges were used as scaffolds to induce the formation of three-dimensional (3D) spheroids of HepG2 cells. Agar and gelatin in 2:1 ratio were used to make films and sponges. The cell adhesive properties of the films were evaluated by the attachment kinetics. The growth kinetics of HepG2 cells was studied using @entity98 assay and morphology of the 3D spheroids was observed through inverted optical microscopy. The liver cell-specific functions of the 3D spheroids were evaluated in terms of albumin secretion and @entity1133 synthesis. @entity1443 was used as a model drug to investigate the use of these 3D spheroids in the preliminary @entity137 evaluation of drugs. The results showed that the agar-gelatin hybrid sponges induced the formation of 3D HepG2 spheroids with significant liver-specific functions. These spheroids exhibited higher amounts of albumin and @entity1133 synthesis than the control monolayer culture. These 3D spheroids were found to be more sensitive to the drug (TCIC(50) value of 4.6 mM) than the control monolayer (TCIC(50) value of 6.2 mM). The study shows that agar-gelatin-induced HepG2 3D spheroids can be used for the preliminary evaluation of the @entity137 of drugs and chemicals.

title: Agar-gelatin hybrid sponge-induced three-dimensional in vitro 'liver-like' HepG2 spheroids for the evaluation of drug XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1443 :: ('MESH:D000082', 'Chemical') :: ['Paracetamol']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'cytotoxicity']

answer: @entity137 :: (MESH:D064420,Disease) :: ['cytotoxicity']


abstract: Culture and serology were performed on blood and serum samples collected at or shortly after admission from 473 @entity1 presented with suspected clinical typhoid. Clinical symptoms at first presentation including @entity911 , @entity382 , @entity381 , @entity490 , @entity417 , and @entity360 were non-specific as they were observed even more often in non-typhoid @entity1 . Culture confirmed the diagnosis in 65.3% of the @entity1 with @entity1682 as the final diagnosis. The sensitivity (58%) and specificity (98.1%) of a rapid dipstick assay for the detection of @entity1680 -specific immunoglobulin M were somewhat lower than those of culture but higher than those of the Widal test. The dipstick assay thus may well be used in the serodiagnosis of typhoid in situation where culture facilities are not available. Combination of test results of dipstick and culture improved sensitivity to 82.5%. In laboratories that perform blood culture the dipstick assay may be used as a rapid screening tests to facilitate a rapid diagnosis. Sensitivity of the dipstick assay strongly increased with duration of illness and was higher for culture positive than for culture negative @entity1 . Duration of illness, and different pathogen and host factors including dose of infection, pathogenicity and antigenicity, and prior antibiotic use are likely to influence the immune response, therefore the result of the dipstick assay. Duration of illness and presence of @entity1680 in the blood are major factors that determine severity of disease.

title: Antibody response in XXXX in endemic Indonesia and the relevance of serology and culture to diagnosis.

entities_list: @entity381 :: ('MESH:D013163', 'Disease') :: ['splenomegaly']

entities_list: @entity911 :: ('MESH:D003221', 'Disease') :: ['confusion']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity382 :: ('MESH:D006529', 'Disease') :: ['hepatomegaly']

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal bleeding']

entities_list: @entity1682 :: ('MESH:D014435', 'Disease') :: ['typhoid fever']

answer: @entity1682 :: (MESH:D014435,Disease) :: ['typhoid fever']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The NHS @entity1028 Screening Programme (NAAASP) uses the maximal anterior to posterior (AP) inner-to-inner (ITI) wall diameter in sizing aortic dimensions when screening with ultrasound. It is recognised that ITI measurements are smaller than outer-to-outer (OTO) measurements, and the primary aim was to calculate the absolute difference in AP ITI and OTO measurements across varying aortic diameters. The secondary aim was to estimate the potential number of @entity1 lost from the screening programme. METHODS: Since April 2012, @entity1 outside the screening programme that undergo ultrasound of abdominal aortas have their ITI and OTO measurements recorded. These measurements were compared retrospectively and analysed for variability at threshold sizes of AAAs. RESULTS: From May 2012 to October 2013, 452 abdominal aortic ultransound scans recorded both ITI and OTO  measurements. The majority (81%) were performed on @entity1 with the mean age of 78  years. The mean difference between ITI and OTO measurements was 4.21  mm (p  <  .001). There was no difference between the genders. Thresholds were created for analysis between different ITI and OTO aortic diameters; these were <3  cm, 3.1-4  cm, 4.1-5  cm, and >5  cm. There was no significant difference between the means at each threshold size for ITI diameter (p  =  .758). In the first 2 years from April 2012, 15,447 @entity1 underwent screening. Of these, 177 (1.14%) had sub-threshold ITI aortic diameters between 2.6  cm and 2.9  cm. This would upscale to 5,316 @entity1 nationally. CONCLUSION: We have demonstrated a consistent and significant 4  mm difference between ITI and OTO diameters in live scanning. Lowering the threshold for entry into a surveillance AAAs to an ITI diameter of 26  mm rather than the current 30  mm is advocated. An alternative cost-effective way is to rescreen this small sub-group at 5 or 7 years.

title: XXXX Diameters: A Study on the Discrepancy between Inner to Inner and Outer to Outer Measurements.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1028 :: ('MESH:D017544', 'Disease') :: ['Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm']

answer: @entity1028 :: (MESH:D017544,Disease) :: ['Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity4854 is associated with @entity281 and mortality in cardiac surgical @entity1 . There is overriding evidence that glycemic control improves morbidity and mortality. However, the optimal @entity413 range in these @entity1 remains controversial. Intensive @entity413 control can lead to mortality among critically ill adults because of episodic, moderate @entity4053 . Therefore, we examined the effect of different @entity413 target control on the incidence of @entity281 in our prospective cohort of @entity6 and nondiabetic @entity1 undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. METHODS: Data from 1442 @entity1 who underwent elective coronary artery bypass grafting at a tertiary heart center in Singapore from 2009 to 2011 were obtained. The first @entity413 level on arrival in the cardiothoracic intensive care unit was set at 4 to 8 mmol/L in 2009 and 2010 and 4 to 10 mmol/L in 2011. @entity413 control was achieved with intravenous insulin infusion with a strict @entity413 monitoring protocol. Clinical covariates were analyzed, with @entity281 as the primary outcome. RESULTS: The majority of @entity1 presenting for coronary artery bypass grafting were male, Chinese, and @entity6 . @entity6 @entity1 had significantly higher @entity413 levels on arrival in the cardiothoracic intensive care unit. The change in target @entity413 control was independently associated with an @entity281 (odds ratio, 2.280; 95% confidence interval, 1.250-4.162; P  =  .007). Subgroup analysis revealed that unlike in nondiabetic @entity1 , a less stringent target was independently associated with a significant @entity281 incidence from 2.2% to 6.9% for the @entity6 @entity1 (odds ratio, 3.131; 95% confidence interval, 1.431-6.851; P  =  .004). CONCLUSIONS: A target blood @entity413 of less than 8 mmol/L was associated with a lower incidence of @entity281 in @entity6 @entity1 presenting for elective coronary artery bypass grafting in the local Southeast Asian population.

title: Changing XXXX control target and risk of @entity281 in a Southeast Asian population.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetic', 'diabetic']

entities_list: @entity4053 :: ('MESH:D007003', 'Disease') :: ['hypoglycemia']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['surgical site infection', 'increase in surgical site infection']

entities_list: @entity4854 :: ('MESH:D006943', 'Disease') :: ['Hyperglycemia']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose', 'Glucose']

answer: @entity413 :: (MESH:D005947,Chemical) :: ['glucose']


abstract: Multiple-antibiotic-resistant strains of @entity328 are isolated from clinical specimens in Taiwan with increasing frequency. This study aimed to define the carriage rate of @entity2260 among @entity1 in northern Taiwan, and to determine the antibiotic susceptibility and the serotype incidence of these isolates. Nasopharyngeal swabs were taken from a total of 478 @entity1 (age, 1 month-14 years) who sought medical care only for @entity166 or routine vaccination at our hospital between July 1998 and November 1999. @entity2260 was isolated from 95 @entity1 , and the collected isolates were available for analysis. All pneumococcal isolates were serotyped and their antimicrobial susceptibility tested by standard methods. The total rate of pneumococcal carriage in the study population was 19.9% and the isolation rate was higher in @entity1 aged between 2 and 5 years. Only 10 (10.5%) of the isolates were susceptible to @entity114 (minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC], < or = 0.06 microg/mL); 47 (49.5%) isolates were intermediately resistant (MIC, 0.12-1 microg/mL) and 38 (40%) were highly resistant (MIC, > or = 2 microg/mL). Among the 95 @entity2260 isolates, the common serotypes were 23F (22%), 6B (18.9%), @entity25279 (18.9%), and 14 (8.4%). Evaluation of the results showed that serotypes 23F (24.7%), 19F (21.2%), 6B (15.3%), and 14 (9.4%) composed 70.6% of all @entity114 -non-susceptible @entity2260 isolates. The significant rate of isolation of @entity114 -non-susceptible @entity2260 from @entity1 indicates that both the judicious use of antibiotics and the availability of conjugate pneumococcal vaccines are the most appropriate strategy to reduce the carriage of resistant pneumococci.

title: Rate of nasopharyngeal carriage, antimicrobial resistance and serotype of @entity328 among XXXX in northern Taiwan.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity114 :: ('MESH:D010406', 'Chemical') :: ['penicillin']

entities_list: @entity328 :: ('1313', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus pneumoniae']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['non-infectious disease']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: PURPOSE: The 2011 American Academy of Pediatrics clinical practice guideline for childhood febrile urinary tract infection recommends voiding cystourethrography if renal and bladder ultrasound reveals @entity3041 , @entity2318 or "other findings" that suggest high grade @entity3025 . We sought to determine if the finding of uroepithelial thickening indicates greater risk of high grade @entity3025 and whether uroepithelial thickening improves the screening value of renal and bladder ultrasound. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed renal and bladder ultrasound and voiding cystourethrogram findings in @entity1 2 to 24 months old with  first febrile urinary tract infection during an 11-year period. @entity1 with uroepithelial thickening were compared to an age and gender matched sample without uroepithelial thickening. Logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with high grade @entity3025 . Test characteristics of renal and bladder ultrasound for high grade reflux were compared based on different criteria to define an abnormal renal and bladder ultrasound. RESULTS: Of 226 @entity1 143 (63%) had @entity3025 , of whom 37 (26%) had high grade reflux. On multivariable analysis uroepithelial thickening was a significant independent predictor of high grade @entity3025 (OR 5.41, 95% CI 1.74-16.79, p = 0.004). When @entity3041 and hydroureter were considered the only abnormal renal and bladder ultrasound findings warranting voiding cystourethrography, sensitivity of renal and bladder ultrasound for high grade reflux was 84%, and 6 @entity1 with high grade and 82 with low grade reflux would have been missed. When uroepithelial thickening was also considered an abnormal finding, the sensitivity increased to 97%, and only 1 @entity1 with high grade and 57 with low grade reflux would have been missed. CONCLUSIONS: Uroepithelial thickening is associated with an increased risk of high grade @entity3025 and is an abnormal finding warranting voiding cystourethrography. Sensitivity of renal and bladder ultrasound as a screening test for high grade @entity3025 is markedly improved when uroepithelial thickening is considered.

title: Uroepithelial Thickening on Sonography Improves Detection of Vesicoureteral Reflux in XXXX with First Febrile Urinary Tract Infection.

entities_list: @entity3025 :: ('MESH:D014718', 'Disease') :: ['vesicoureteral reflux']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients', 'child']

entities_list: @entity3041 :: ('MESH:D006869', 'Disease') :: ['hydronephrosis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Children']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine if botulinum toxin type B (MyoBloc) decreases @entity508 . DESIGN: Investigator-initiated trial, open-label, single-treatment session. SETTING: Single site. @entity1 : Ten @entity1 with stable upper-limb @entity508 and an Ashworth Scale score of 2 or higher at the elbow, wrist, and fingers. INTERVENTIONS: Total dose of 10,000U of botulinum toxin type B injected into 5 major muscles. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The Ashworth Scale, goniometry, and functional assessments were performed at injection and weeks 4, 8, and 12. The principal investigator (PI) global assessment of change (GAC) and the @entity1 GAC were done at weeks 4, 8, and 12 postinjection. The safety of the procedure was measured by adverse events and vital signs. RESULTS: Improvements in Ashworth Scale scores were observed at weeks 4, 8, and 12 postinjection. At week 4, the mean changes (in Ashworth score) were elbow, -1.0 (P=.016); wrist, -1.7 (P=.004); finger, -1.35 (P=.02); at week 8: elbow, -.83 (P=.016); wrist, -1.00 (P=.016); finger, -.94 (P=.08); and at week 12: elbow, -.61 (P=.07); wrist, -1.00 (P=.016); and finger, -.89 (P=.10). The PI GAC improved at all visits. Nine of the 10 subjects reported @entity2133 at week 4, with resolution by week 12. No changes were seen on the functional measures. CONCLUSIONS: Botulinum toxin type B may be useful in treatment of @entity508 .

title: Treatment with botulinum toxin type B for upper-limb XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity508 :: ('MESH:D009128', 'Disease') :: ['spasticity']

answer: @entity508 :: (MESH:D009128,Disease) :: ['spasticity']


abstract: Pharmacological studies demonstrated that @entity855 elevates intracellular @entity460 ([ @entity141 ](i)) in supraoptic nucleus (SON) neurons primarily by activation of @entity33960 and @entity23998 purinergic receptors [P2Y1R]. The current studies provide evidence for the presence of P2Y1R protein in SON neurons, evidence that activation of these @entity23998 Rs induces an increase in [ @entity141 ](i) from both intracellular stores and @entity141 influx, and functional evidence that activation of @entity23998 Rs induces @entity6659 ( @entity6659 ) and @entity398 (OT) hormone release. Pretreatment of @entity593 AM-loaded explants of the @entity4611 ( @entity4611 ) with @entity2426 (TG) significantly (approximately 80%) reduced the increase in [ @entity141 ](i) induced by the P2Y1R-specific agonist, @entity39530 ( @entity24000 ). In contrast, the increase in [ @entity141 ](i) was slightly (approximately 20%) decreased in @entity460 -free medium. The @entity460 response to @entity24000 was completely blocked by the P2Y1R-specific antagonist, @entity24001 or by a combination of TG pretreatment and @entity460 -free medium. It was absent in P2Y1R knockout @entity19 (P2Y1R(-/-)). @entity24000 significantly increased @entity6659 and OT release from perifused @entity35 and wild-type @entity19 @entity4611 explants compared with control. @entity24001 prevented this response in wild-type @entity19 , but it did not prevent @entity855 -induced hormone release from @entity35 explants. @entity24000 did not induce hormone release from P2Y1R(-/-) explants. These findings support a potential role for @entity23998 Rs in regulation of @entity6659 and OT release. The finding that P2Y1R activation induces a small @entity141 influx suggests that @entity23998 Rs may regulate @entity6659 release by modifying ion channels such as stretch-inactivated cation channels.

title: Role of purinergic @entity23998 receptors in regulation of @entity6659 and XXXX secretion.

entities_list: @entity398 :: ('MESH:D010121', 'Chemical') :: ['oxytocin']

entities_list: @entity2426 :: ('MESH:D019284', 'Chemical') :: ['thapsigargin']

entities_list: @entity39530 :: ('MESH:C113043', 'Chemical') :: ['2-methylthio-ADP']

entities_list: @entity4611 :: ('MESH:D010900', 'Disease') :: ['hypothalamo-neurohypophyseal system', 'HNS']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity6659 :: ('MESH:D020790', 'Disease') :: ['VP', 'vasopressin']

answer: @entity398 :: (MESH:D010121,Chemical) :: ['oxytocin']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To quantify transfusion requirements in @entity1 with isolated acetabular or @entity174 and correlate these requirements with @entity174 classification. DESIGN: Retrospective review of 382 @entity1 with @entity174 . SETTING: Academic Level I @entity130 Center. @entity1 / @entity1 : @entity1 were identified from a @entity130 registry. Appropriate radiographs and complete transfusion data were obtained for 289 (75%) of 382 eligible @entity1 between January 1, 1998 and December 31, 2003. INTERVENTION: Classification of pelvic @entity174 by Young and Burgess type and @entity174 by Letournel type. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENT: Number of units of blood transfused in the first 24 hours after admission to the @entity130 center. RESULTS: @entity1 with isolated @entity174 with major ligament disruption ( @entity1412 or III, LC III, vertical shear, or combined mechanisms) were more likely to receive a blood transfusion (44%) than other @entity174 types (8.5 %) (P < 0.0005). Transfusion amounts were greatest in @entity1412 III (12.6 units) and vertical shear (4.6 units) injuries. Fractures classified as both column, anterior column, anterior column posterior hemi-transverse, or T type were more likely to receive a blood transfusion (56%) than other @entity174 types (28%) (P = 0.003). Of these @entity174 types, both column (8.8 units) and anterior column posterior hemi-transverse (6.4 units) received the largest transfusions. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with isolated @entity174 are as likely as those with isolated @entity174 to receive blood transfusions within the first 24 hours of admission. Higher energy pelvic ring @entity174 classified as @entity1412 or III, LC III, vertical shear, or combined mechanism require more frequent transfusion than other @entity174 . @entity174 involving the anterior column as well as @entity174 require more frequent blood transfusions than other @entity174 .

title: Predicting blood loss in isolated pelvic and acetabular high-energy XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['Trauma', 'trauma']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['acetabular fractures', 'fractures', 'isolated pelvic and/or acetabular fractures', 'pelvic fractures', 'Acetabular fractures', 'T-type fractures', 'fracture']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['trauma']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to explore community perceptions, and traditional management practices surrounding @entity1468 and @entity3036 in Pakistan. BACKGROUND: They @entity101 disorders of pregnancy are the second leading cause of maternal mortality globally, of which >99% occur in less developed countries. METHODS: A qualitative study was conducted in Matiari and Hyderabad Sindh, Pakistan from February to July 2012. Altogether 26 focus group discussions were held with @entity1 of reproductive age and female decision makers (N=173) and male decision makers (N=65). The data was transcribed verbatim in Sindhi and Urdu, the data were then analyzed for emerging themes and sub-themes using QSR NVivo-version10. RESULTS: High blood pressure in pregnancy was mainly recognized as severe @entity10 , and there was no local name to describe either this condition or the @entity410 of @entity3036 . The majority of @entity1 were aware that a @entity1 can develop @entity101 in pregnancy; however, progression of illness from @entity1468 to @entity3036 was poorly understood. It was widely believed that mental stress and worries in pregnancy cause @entity1468 . @entity101 in pregnancy was considered to be dangerous as it could result in death of mother and baby; whereas, very few believed further complications could occur after birth. @entity410 during pregnancy were thought to be caused by @entity425 , @entity417 , and stress. Many perceived @entity410 to be a health emergency for both mother and fetus. Self-medication for @entity10094 was common; in addition, some used alternative treatments for @entity1468 and @entity3036 . CONCLUSIONS: Community-based participatory health education strategies are recommended to address myths and misperceptions about the @entity101 disorders of pregnancy. These educational initiatives should include information on the presentation, progression, and treatment of @entity1468 and @entity3036 . DISCLOSURES: A.R. Khowaja: None. R.N. Qureshi: None. S. Sheikh: None. S. Zaidi: None. R. Salam: None. D. Sawchuck: None. M. Vidler: None. P. von Dadelszen: None. Z. Bhutta: None.

title: [241-POS]: Community perceptions of XXXX in Sindh, Pakistan: A qualitative study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'woman']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['Seizures', 'seizures']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'hypertensive', 'Hypertension']

entities_list: @entity10094 :: ('MESH:D058070', 'Disease') :: ['pre-eclampsia symptoms']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['weakness']

entities_list: @entity3036 :: ('MESH:D004461', 'Disease') :: ['eclampsia']

entities_list: @entity1468 :: ('MESH:D011225', 'Disease') :: ['pre-eclampsia']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

answer: @entity1468 :: (MESH:D011225,Disease) :: ['pre-eclampsia']


abstract: Adenovirus-mediated gene therapy of experimental hepatocarcinoma is hindered by low transduction efficacy in vivo. We evaluated the extent of gene expression following various routes of administration of recombinant adenovirus AdCMVlacZ in @entity107 -induced @entity35 hepatocarcinoma. We first characterized the vascularization of @entity107 -induced hepatocarcinomas using a computerized tomography scanner approach. The efficacy of gene transfer was then evaluated by three routes of administration: intraportal, selective injection through the hepatic artery and direct injection into the @entity5 . @entity107 -induced hepatocarcinomas had predominantly an arterial blood supply, 67% of the total liver blood supply. Compared with intraportal administration, arterial injection improved gene transfer into @entity5 whereas that to the non- @entity5 areas was diminished. In addition, this route of injection allowed the efficient transduction of dysplastic nodules. @entity107 -induced hepatocarcinoma in @entity35 is a relevant model for the study of @entity1 hepatocarcinoma due to its vascularization. Arterial infusion improved the ratio of transduced tumorous to nontumorous cells and allowed targeting of gene transfer to dysplastic nodules. This will be useful in the design of gene therapy for hepatocarcinoma.

title: Enhanced in vivo adenovirus-mediated gene transfer to XXXX hepatocarcinomas by selective administration into the hepatic artery.

entities_list: @entity107 :: ('MESH:D004052', 'Chemical') :: ['diethylnitrosamine', 'Diethylnitrosamine']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: The Minnesota @entity1 's Pesticide Exposure Study (MNCPES) of the National @entity1 Exposure Assessment Survey (NHEXAS) was conducted in Minnesota to evaluate @entity1 's pesticide exposure. This study complements and extends the populations and chemicals included in the NHEXAS Region V study. One of the goals of the study was to test protocols for acquiring exposure measurements and developing databases for use in exposure models and assessments. Analysis of the data quality is one element in assessing the performance of the collection and analysis protocols used in this study. Data quality information must also be available to investigators to guide analysis of the study data. During the planning phase of MNCPES, quality assurance (QA) goals were established for precision, accuracy, and quantification limits. The data quality was assessed against these goals. The assessment is complex. First, data are not available for all analytes and media sampled. In addition, several laboratories were responsible for the analysis of the collected samples. Each laboratory provided data according to their standard operating procedures (SOPs) and protocols. Detection limits were authenticated for each analyte in each sample type. The approach used to calculate detection limits varied across the different analytical methods. The analytical methods for pesticides in air, food, hand rinses, dust wipe and urine were sufficiently sensitive and met the QA goals, with very few exceptions. This was also true for @entity2555 ( @entity2556 ) in air and food. The analytical methods for drinking water and beverages had very low detection limits; however, there were very little measurable data for these samples. The collection and analysis methods for pesticides in surface press samples and soil, and for @entity2556 in dust wipes were not sufficiently sensitive. Accuracy was assessed primarily as recovery from field controls. The results were good for pesticides and @entity2556 in air (75-125% recovery). Recovery was lower (<75%) for pesticides in drinking water and beverages. The recovery of pesticides from hand rinses met QA goals (75-100%), but surface press samples showed lower recovery (50-70%). Analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) did not confirm the presence of @entity12472 and other pesticides in hand rinse and surface press samples that had been detected by GC-ECD, but instead GC-MS confirmed background interferences. Assessment of the precision of sample collection and analysis is based on the percent relative standard deviation (%RSD) between the results for duplicate samples. Data are available only for pesticides and @entity2556 in air. Precision was good (<20% RSD) for analytes with measurable data. There were a few analytes with %RSD >20%, but the number of data pairs was very small in these cases. Precision for instrumental analysis of food sample extracts was excellent, with the median %RSD < 20 for all measurable pesticides. The median %RSD for the analysis of replicate aliquots of food from the same sample composite was considerably higher, indicating the potential for inhomogeneity of food homogenates.

title: Assessment of data quality for the NHEXAS--Part II: Minnesota XXXX 's pesticide exposure study (MNCPES).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children', 'Human']

entities_list: @entity2555 :: ('MESH:D011084', 'Chemical') :: ['polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The aim of the present study was to investigate the efficacy and side-effects of preventive treatment with pegylated recombinant @entity1 @entity1261 ( @entity970 -rhG-CSF) on concurrent chemoradiotherapy-induced grade IV @entity1398 and to provide a rational basis for its clinical application. A total of 114 @entity1 with concurrent chemoradiotherapy-induced grade IV @entity1398 were enrolled. A randomized approach was used to divide the @entity1 into an experimental group and a control group. The experimental group included three subgroups, namely a P-50 group, P-100 group and P + R group. The P-50 group had 42 cases, which were given a single 50- g/kg subcutaneous injection of @entity970 -rhG-CSF. The P-100 group had 30 cases, which received a single 100- g/kg subcutaneous injection of @entity970 -rhG-CSF. The P + R group comprised 22 cases, which were given a single 50- g/kg subcutaneous injection of @entity970 -rhG-CSF and rhG-CSF 5  g/kg/day; when the absolute neutrophil count (ANC) was >= 2.0*10(9)/l, the administration of rhG-CSF was stopped. The control group (RC group) comprised 20 @entity1 , who received rhG-CSF 5  g/kg/day by subcutaneous injection until the ANC was >= 2.0*10(9)/l. Changes in the neutrophil proliferation rate and ANC values over time, the neutropenic symptom remission time and incidence of @entity137 were analyzed statistically in each group of @entity1 . In the experimental group, the neutrophil proliferation rate and ANC values were significantly higher than those in the control group; the clinical effects began 12-24 h after treatment in the experimental group, and indicated that the treatment improved @entity1398 in ~48 h after treatment. There was no significant difference in the neutrophil proliferation rate and ANC values between the P-50 and P+R groups. In the experimental group, the remission time of @entity1398 -induced @entity221 and @entity925 after administration was significantly shorter than that in the control group, with a statistically significant difference (P<0.05). The adverse drug reaction rates showed no significant difference between the experimental group and the control group. @entity970 -rhG-CSF had good efficacy and safety in the treatment of concurrent chemotherapy-induced grade IV @entity1398 . For the treatment of concurrent chemotherapy-induced grade IV @entity1398 , a single subcutaneous injection of 50  g/kg @entity970 -rhG-CSF is the recommended dose. The effects begin at 12-24 h; if the ANC values are not significantly improved during this time, no supplementary administration of rhG-CSF is necessary.

title: Clinical observation of the therapeutic effects of pegylated recombinant @entity1 @entity1261 in @entity1 with concurrent chemoradiotherapy-induced grade IV XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['adverse drug reactions']

entities_list: @entity1261 :: ('1440', 'Gene') :: ['granulocyte colony-stimulating factor']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity925 :: ('MESH:D063806', 'Disease') :: ['muscle pain']

answer: @entity1398 :: (MESH:D009503,Disease) :: ['neutropenia']


abstract: The objective of the study was to determine the effects of animal related factors on @entity2981 in slaughter @entity291 , @entity908 kinase (CK) and beef quality. Three hundred and twenty one @entity291 from three breeds (108 Bonsmara, 130 Beefmaster and 83 Brahman) were used in this study. The animals were grouped as follows: Group 1 (16 months old), Group 2 (18 months old) and Group 3 (24 months old). At exsanguinations, blood samples for CK determination were collected using disposable vacutainer tubes. Muscularis longissimus thoracis et lumborum (LTL) was collected 24 h after slaughter to determine the colour (L*, a*, and b*) and ultimate pH (pHu) of beef. Breed, sex and age had significant effects (p<0.05) on @entity2981 score, CK levels and beef quality. Bonsmara breed had the highest (80%) @entity2981 score percentage, CK (705.3  80.57 U/L) and pHu (6.3  0.05) values while the Bonsmara had the highest L* (24.8  0.78) a* (17.5  0.53) and b* (12.8  0.53) values. Higher CK levels were also observed in winter compared to summer, spring and autumn respectively. Therefore, animal factors (sex, breed and animal age at slaughter) contribute to the development of @entity2981 and have an effect on the levels of CK and meat quality. It was also concluded that there is no significant relationship between meat parameters (L,* a*, and b*) and CK levels.

title: Bruising in slaughter XXXX and its relationship with @entity908 kinase levels and beef quality as affected by animal related factors.

entities_list: @entity908 :: ('MESH:D003401', 'Chemical') :: ['creatine']

entities_list: @entity2981 :: ('MESH:D003288', 'Disease') :: ['bruises', 'bruising']

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['cattle']


abstract: In the randomized autopsy material of 161 @entity1 with @entity309 ( @entity309 ), a letal, generalized @entity281 (GSI) was observed in 22 cases (13.66%). The GSI was accompanied by a pyarthros in 12 (7.45%) and no pyarthros in 10 (6.21%) cases. The clinical parameters of 22 @entity309 @entity1 were compared with 139 age and sex matched @entity309 @entity1 without GSI. The average age of septic @entity1 decreased (p < 0.02), with low serum electrophoretic b-globulin level (p < 0.04), and high Waaler-Rose (p < 0.02) and Latex level (p < 0.004). The clinical parameters of 22 septic @entity1 were compared with 76 age and sex matched @entity309 @entity1 without @entity295 , @entity1333 , or generalized secondary amyloidosis (GSA), and/or miliary epitheloid granulomas of tuberculous type (mT). The differences between the two groups of @entity1 were the same, with a statistically more pronounced age difference (p < 0.005). 29 out of 161 @entity1 (18.01 %) suffered from a clinically manifest @entity6 (in 6 @entity1 accompanied by @entity295 ), and 11 (6.83 %) from a clinically @entity6 (in 2 @entity1 accompanied by @entity295 ). There was no significant relationship between @entity295 and manifest @entity6 . The controlled and treated @entity6 does not influence the frequency of @entity295 . Significant correlations were found between @entity295 and @entity6 (based on the histological detection of @entity527 localized to the islets of Langerhans (p < 0.02). 34 out of 161 @entity1 (21.12%) suffered from a generalized secondary amyloidosis (in 3 @entity1 accompanied by @entity295 ). There was no significant relationship between @entity295 and generalized secondary amyloidosis. The thickness of adrenal cortex represents the effect of @entity134 therapy. Critical random check, using the Mann-Whitney tests, supports significance relationship between the adrenal cortex @entity194 and @entity295 (p < 0.010). The follicular lymphoid depletion in the spleen represents the effect of immunosuppressive therapy. The size of lympho-follicles decreased significantly in @entity295 (p < 0.004). The long term corticosteroid therapy and immunosuppressive represent a potential danger for @entity295 .

title: [Generalized septic infections in XXXX . Study of autopsy material].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['sepsis', 'fatal sepsis', 'lethal sepsis']

entities_list: @entity527 :: ('MESH:D058225', 'Disease') :: ['amyloid deposition']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus', 'latent diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity1333 :: ('MESH:D014657', 'Disease') :: ['vasculitis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['septic infection']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'septic RA', 'RA']

answer: @entity309 :: (MESH:D001172,Disease) :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']


abstract: Peripartum @entity296 (PPCM) is a rare but serious form of @entity712 affecting @entity1 in the last months of pregnancy or early puerperium. Clinical presentation of PPCM is similar to that of @entity712 from any cause, and it can sometimes be complicated by a high incidence of @entity1031 . Prior to the availability of echocardiography, diagnosis was based only on clinical findings. Recently, inclusion of echocardiography has made diagnosis of PPCM easier and more accurate. Its etiopathogenesis is still poorly understood, but recent evidence supports inflammation, @entity1800 and @entity792 as the leading causative hypotheses. Prompt recognition with institution of intensive treatment by a multidisciplinary team is a prerequisite for improved outcome. Conventional treatment consists of diuretics, beta blockers, vasodilators, and sometimes digoxin and anticoagulants, usually in combination. In resistant cases, newer therapeutic modalities such as immunomodulation, immunoglobulin and immunosuppression may be considered. Cardiac transplantation may be necessary in @entity1 not responding to conventional and newer therapeutic strategies. The role of the anesthesiologist is important in perioperative and intensive care management. Prognosis is highly related to reversal of @entity67 . Compared to historically higher mortality rates, recent reports describe better outcome, probably because of advances in medical care. Based on current information, future pregnancy is usually not recommended in @entity1 who fail to recover heart function. This article aims to provide a comprehensive updated review of PPCM covering etiopathogeneses, clinical presentation and diagnosis, as well as pharmacological, perioperative and intensive care management and prognosis, while stressing areas that require further research.

title: Peripartum XXXX : review of the literature.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac failure', 'systolic heart failure']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity1800 :: ('MESH:D014777', 'Disease') :: ['viral infection']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['thromboembolism']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmunity']

answer: @entity296 :: (MESH:D009202,Disease) :: ['cardiomyopathy']


abstract: CONTEXT: Right ventricular involvement in @entity583 and @entity1455 has received little attention by clinicians and researchers, although its pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and natural history are distinctly different from those of left ventricular @entity1188 and associated @entity1455 . Right @entity67 has important therapeutic implications for the management of @entity1 , which need to be recognised. STARTING POINT: Investigators at the SHOCK Registry (Alice Jacobs and colleagues, J Am Coll Cardiol 2003; 341: 1273-79) evaluated 49 @entity1 with @entity1455 predominantly due to right ventricular @entity1188 and compared them with 884 @entity1 with @entity1455 and predominantly @entity1002 . Perhaps surprisingly, these investigators found that the in-hospital mortality of @entity1 with right @entity67 was not significantly lower than that of @entity1 with @entity1002 (53% vs 61%, p=0.296), despite the fact that @entity1 with right @entity67 were younger, with a lower prevalence of previous @entity1188 , fewer anterior @entity1188 locations, and @entity66 . There was a shorter median time between index @entity1188 and diagnosis of shock in @entity1 with right @entity67 . In multivariate analysis, right @entity67 was not an independent predictor of lower in-hospital mortality. WHERE NEXT? The unexpectedly high mortality of @entity1 with @entity1455 due to predominantly right ventricular @entity1188 challenges the general notion that right ventricular involvement in @entity583 has only little relevance for @entity1 's outcome. Therefore, more attention should be given to the detection of right ventricular involvement in @entity583 and particularly in @entity1455 . If right @entity67 is diagnosed, urgent reperfusion of the @entity1188 and appropriate circulatory support are required.

title: Right ventricular involvement in XXXX and @entity1455 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['less multivessel disease']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarct related artery', 'infarctions', 'infarct', 'infarction']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'acute myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular shock']

entities_list: @entity1455 :: ('MESH:D012770', 'Disease') :: ['cardiogenic shock']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular shock', 'left ventricular failure']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarction']


abstract: PURPOSE: Valosin-containing protein ( @entity17870 or @entity17870 ) is associated with antiapoptotic function and @entity3 via activation of the nuclear factor-kappaB signaling pathway. The present study was designed to investigate the prognostic significance of @entity17870 expression in @entity14 . EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We analyzed @entity17870 expression immunohistochemically in 129 @entity1 with @entity14 ages 35-84 years. The staining intensity of @entity5 cells was categorized as either weaker-to-equal (low @entity17870 expression) or stronger (high expression) than that in noncancerous colonic mucosa. We also analyzed 8 @entity2513 and 10 metastatic foci. RESULTS: Low @entity17870 expression was noted in 41 (31.8%) cases and high expression in 88 (68.2%) cases. A low level of @entity17870 expression was noted in all @entity652 , whereas a high level was seen in all @entity3 . A significant difference was observed in depth of invasion (T(1-2) versus T(3-4), P < 0.05), presence or absence of venous invasion (P < 0.05), and @entity5 stage (I and II versus III and IV; P < 0.05) between @entity420 with low and high @entity17870 expression. @entity1 with high @entity17870 -expressing @entity5 had a higher recurrence rate (P < 0.001) and poorer disease-free and overall survival (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, respectively) compared with the low expression group. Multivariate analysis revealed @entity17870 expression level to be an independent prognosticator for both disease-free and overall survival. @entity17870 level was an indicator of disease-free survival in both stage II and III (pathological Tumor-Node-Metastasis classification, P < 0.05 and <0.01, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: A high expression level of @entity17870 in @entity5 is a poor prognostic marker in @entity1 with @entity14 .

title: Expression of valosin-containing protein in XXXX as a predictor for disease recurrence and prognosis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['adenomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal carcinomas', 'colorectal carcinoma', 'colorectal adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'metastatic tumors']

entities_list: @entity2513 :: ('MESH:C563365', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal adenomas']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinomas']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal carcinomas']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: @entity18212 ( @entity18212 ) is characterized by a loss of tolerance to various environmental chemicals. The objective of this study was to describe @entity1 with @entity18212 seen in our hospital. @entity1 AND METHOD: @entity1 consecutively seen by the Toxicology and Chronic Fatigue Units who presented symptoms of @entity18212 were included. The diagnosis was clinical. All @entity1 completed the Quick Environmental Exposure and Sensitivity Inventory (QEESI) questionnaire. RESULTS: Fifty-two @entity1 were included. The average age (standard deviation) was 47.2 (7.6) years, and 46 (88%) were females. The origin of the syndrome was related to occupational exposure to various chemical agents in 31 cases (59.6%), including occupational accidents in 14 @entity1 (fumigation of the workplace with insecticides). In 20 @entity1 (38.5%), the syndrome could not be associated with any toxic exposure and was considered a manifestation of @entity5815 . The QEESI showed mean scores of 72.9 (18.6) on the chemical inhalant intolerance scale, 45.5 (20.6) on the other intolerances scale, 69.8 (20.6) on the symptom severity scale, 4.4 (1.8) on the masking index and 66.6 (21.7) on the life impact scale. All @entity1 were followed up for a minimum of 12 months, and during this period they remained stable with no deaths. CONCLUSIONS: @entity18212 normally affects middle-aged @entity1 . It is frequently triggered by exposure to chemical agents, especially insecticides. An association with @entity5815 is common. The prognosis is good but the @entity1 ' quality of life is seriously affected.

title: [ XXXX : study of 52 cases].

entities_list: @entity18212 :: ('MESH:D018777', 'Disease') :: ['Multiple chemical sensitivity', 'MCS']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity5815 :: ('MESH:D015673', 'Disease') :: ['chronic fatigue syndrome']

answer: @entity18212 :: (MESH:D018777,Disease) :: ['Multiple chemical sensitivity']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship of @entity11648 ( @entity11648 ) to coronary calcification and prognosis in @entity1 with @entity740 ( @entity740 ) stages 3-5D. METHOD: We determined serum levels of intact @entity11648 in 150 @entity1 with @entity740 stages 3-5D, using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The coronary calcification was detected with multi-slice CT, and its relationship to @entity11648 was analyzed. These @entity1 were followed up over a period of 35  3 months. RESULT: Serum @entity11648 levels of @entity1 with @entity740 stages 3-5D were significantly higher than those of the healthy control group (p<0.01). There was a significant positive correlation between serum @entity11648 levels and coronary calcification score (CaS) (r=0.177, p<0.05). Age, dialysis vintage, and @entity11648 levels were independent risk factors for coronary calcification in @entity1 with @entity740 stages 3-5D. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves showed that the sensitivity and specificity of @entity11648 were 62.5% and 75.9%, respectively, for diagnosing coronary calcification, with an area of 0.705 under the curve (p<0.01). Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that survival rates were significantly better in @entity1 with lower @entity11648 levels (p<0.05). In Cox regression analysis, @entity11648 levels and severe coronary calcification (CaS>400) were independent risk factors for all-cause mortality. CONCLUSION: Serum @entity11648 level in @entity1 with @entity740 stages 3-5D was significantly higher than in the healthy controls. These increased @entity11648 levels are likely associated with coronary calcification and poor prognosis.

title: Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 Predicts Coronary Calcification and Poor Prognosis in XXXX with @entity740 Stages 3-5D.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity11648 :: ('8074', 'Gene') :: ['fibroblast growth factor-23', 'FGF23']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['CKD', 'chronic kidney disease']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: @entity1 with @entity1566 ( @entity1566 ) are at increased risk of developing @entity683 , @entity55 , and ensuing complications. Influenza vaccine has been shown to be effective, yet vaccination rates have been low in this population. To improve these rates, barriers and facilitators to receiving @entity683 vaccine in this population were identified. METHODS: A cross-sectional telephone survey was conducted with a convenience sample of @entity1 at 13 Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) @entity1566 ( @entity1566 ) Centers between September and November 2000. Survey questions assessed perceptions regarding the @entity683 vaccine. RESULTS: @entity1 interviewed (N = 377) had a mean age of 58.6 years and were predominantly male and white. Most had had received the @entity683 vaccine at some time in the past; however, 35% had not received it in the previous year. The most common reason reported for not being vaccinated was the belief that it was not important. Those who knew the best time to be vaccinated were more likely to have been vaccinated the previous year (OR = 3.57, 95%, CI: 2.12-6.01). Other predictors of vaccination included being married, being aged 65 and older, and being aware that the vaccine was a good way to prevent some pulmonary problems that can result from @entity683 . CONCLUSIONS: Barriers to vaccination include poor understanding of the seriousness of @entity683 and of the vulnerability of someone with @entity1566 to @entity1576 . Availability of the @entity683 vaccine at VA facilities and knowledge of when to be vaccinated were facilitators. Providers should use every opportunity to vaccinate @entity1 and provide education about the value of @entity683 vaccination and when to be vaccinated.

title: Influenza vaccination among veterans with XXXX : Part 1. A survey of attitudes and behavior.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Persons', 'patients', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity683 :: ('MESH:D007251', 'Disease') :: ['influenza']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory complications']

entities_list: @entity1566 :: ('MESH:D013119', 'Disease') :: ['Spinal Cord Injury', 'SCI', 'SCID', 'spinal cord injury and disorders']

answer: @entity1566 :: (MESH:D013119,Disease) :: ['spinal cord injury']


abstract: The drug-transporting @entity1262 transports drugs against a concentration gradient across the blood-brain barrier back into the plasma and thereby reduces the bioavailability in the brain. Polymorphisms in the @entity1262 gene regulating @entity1262 expression can be associated with differences in drug disposition in the brain. The present study was therefore designed to examine whether the major polymorphisms of @entity1262 gene, @entity7658 and @entity7657 /A are related to therapeutic response to neuroleptics in the treatment of @entity161 . Subjects consisted of 31 acutely exacerbated @entity161 inpatients treated with @entity54153 (6-18 mg/day). Plasma drug concentrations were monitored and clinical symptoms were evaluated using the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) before and 3 weeks after the treatment. The @entity7658 and @entity7657 /A genotypes were determined by a polymerase chain reaction method. @entity161 symptoms were allocated into 5 clusters: positive, excitement, cognitive, negative, and @entity308 symptoms. @entity1 were C/C in 12, C/T in 12 and @entity1619 in 7 cases for @entity7658 genotype and G/G in 3, @entity13285 or A in 17 and T or A/T or A in 11 cases for @entity7657 /A genotype. There were a tendency of difference, but not statistically different, in the percentage improvement or the improved scores of 5 sub-grouped symptoms after the 3-week treatment between @entity7658 genotypes and between @entity7657 /A genotypes. Multiple regression analyses including age, body weight, gender and drug concentration showed significant correlations between the percentage improvement and the improved scores of cognitive symptoms and @entity7658 genotypes. The present results suggest that the @entity7658 polymorphism is associated with some therapeutic response to @entity54153 in @entity161 @entity1 , possibly by different drug concentration in the brain.

title: Association between @entity1262 ( @entity1262 ) gene polymorphisms and therapeutic response to XXXX in @entity161 @entity1 : a preliminary study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['anxiety-depression']

entities_list: @entity54153 :: ('MESH:C006820', 'Chemical') :: ['bromperidol']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia', 'schizophrenic', 'Schizophrenic']

answer: @entity54153 :: (MESH:C006820,Chemical) :: ['bromperidol']


abstract: Immunoglobulins and complement components are required for optimal ingestion and optimal killing of microorganisms by granulocytes. The degree of opsonization of microorganisms necessary for their ingestion was lower than that required for the killing of these bacteria during the ingestion phase. Killing during this phase was found to depend mainly on the presence of heat-labile opsonins, probably @entity4417 , present on the microorganisms. Extracellular immunoglobulin G (IgG) and @entity4417 were indispensable for optimal intracellular killing after ingestion was complete. This was established with an assay permitting assessment of the course of the number of viable intracellular bacteria independent of the ingestion of new live bacteria. Maximal intracellular killing by @entity1 granulocytes of ingested catalase-positive ( @entity794 and @entity526 ) or catalase-negative ( @entity4195 and @entity2260 ) microorganisms was found only when fresh serum was present extracellularly. Killing was suboptimal in the absence of serum. With heat-inactivated serum, the killing index lay between the indices obtained in the presence and absence of fresh serum. The stimulatory activity of heat-inactivated serum was most probably due to the interaction of IgG with the Fc receptor on the granulocyte membrane, since IgG subclasses IgG1 and @entity3172 as well as pFc fragments of IgG stimulated the intracellular killing to the same degree as heat-inactivated serum did. In addition, ( @entity34933 )2 fragments of IgG did not stimulate killing, and reduced killing was observed in the presence of heat-inactivated serum after reduction of the number of Fc receptors. The extra stimulation of the killing process in the presence of fresh serum compared with heat-inactivated serum was due to the interaction between membrane receptors and complement--most probably @entity4417 generated by both the classical and the alternative pathways of complement activation. This conclusion is based on results obtained with sera in which one or both complement pathways were blocked, on the restoration of the killing-stimulatory activity of @entity18195 serum after addition of fresh C3, and on the reduced killing observed in the presence of fresh serum after reduction of the number of C3 receptors by the use of pronase or antigranulocyte serum.

title: Participation of immunoglobulins and complement components in the intracellular killing of XXXX and @entity526 by @entity1 granulocytes.

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']

entities_list: @entity4195 :: ('1314', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus pyogenes']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

answer: @entity794 :: (1280,Species) :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']


abstract: HISTORY AND ADMISSION FINDINGS: A 37-year-old @entity1 , known since childhood to suffer from generalized @entity410 , was sent to the intensive care unit in @entity159 . On admission @entity410 persisted even after intravenously administration of @entity2053 , 2 x 1 mg. She was unconscious and reacted unfocused to painful stimuli. TREATMENT AND COURSE: Further @entity410 occurred with @entity391 and @entity1576 threatened. After intubation @entity3174 was given intravenously (initially 250 mg over 10 min, then 750 mg over 24 h) into a vein on the dorsum of the hand. The @entity410 stopped. Within a few hours a livid swelling developed at the site of the needle puncture on the right hand, which spread to the lower arm ( @entity751 ) and the @entity1 could no longer move her arm because of @entity158 . The condition improved with anti-inflammatory treatment and antibiotics as well as local measures. On discharge she was able to make a first without @entity158 . However, she was re-admitted 3 weeks later because of renewed @entity158 of @entity717 and the picture of early Sudeck's @entity194 . Under regional anaesthesia complete mobility and freedom from @entity158 was achieved within 2 weeks. CONCLUSION: Administration of @entity3174 into a peripheral vein, especially of the hand, can cause soft tissue damage and should be avoided. Primarily the oral route is to be preferred.

title: [" XXXX ." Severe soft tissue reaction following @entity3174 infusion].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures', 'tonic-clonic seizures']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory failure']

entities_list: @entity3174 :: ('MESH:D010672', 'Chemical') :: ['phenytoin']

entities_list: @entity751 :: ('MESH:D013577', 'Disease') :: ['purple glove syndrome']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['painful impairment', 'pain']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['right hand movement']

entities_list: @entity2053 :: ('MESH:D002998', 'Chemical') :: ['clonazepam']

entities_list: @entity159 :: ('MESH:D013226', 'Disease') :: ['status epilepticus']

answer: @entity751 :: (MESH:D013577,Disease) :: ['Purple glove syndrome']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: In this present study, magnetic @entity13528 @ @entity3758 nanoparticles (MNPs) functionalized with @entity36292 groups ( @entity13528 @ @entity3758 -C18 NPs) were synthesized, characterized and employed, for the first time, as powerful nanosorbent to extract endogenous volatile organic metabolites (EVOMs) namely, @entity9267 , @entity63364 , @entity21976 , @entity32128 , @entity63365 , @entity63366 and @entity3971 , described as potential biomarkers of @entity5 , from @entity1 urine. By using co-precipitation, surface modification methods, the @entity505 -ferromagnetic nanocomposite was synthesized and characterized by infrared spectrum (IR) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). By coupling with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-qMS), a reliable, sensitive and cost-effective method was validated. To test the extraction efficiency of the @entity505 -ferromagnetic nanocomposite toward urinary EVOMs experimental variables affecting the extraction performance, including nanosorbent amount, adsorption time, elution time, and nature of elution solvent, were investigated in detail. The extraction process was performed by dispersing @entity13528 @ @entity3758 -C18 NPs into working solution containing targeted VOMs, and into urine samples, and then eluted with an adequate organic solvent. The eluate was collected, concentrated and analyzed by GC-qMS. Under the optimized conditions, the LODs and LOQs achieved were in the range of 9.7-57.3 and 32.4-190.9ng/mL, respectively. Calibration curves were linear (r(2)>= 0. 988) over the concentration ranges from 0.25 to 250ng/mL. In addition, a satisfying reproducibility was achieved by evaluating the intra- and inter-day precisions with @entity5494 ( @entity5494 ) less than 3 and 11%, respectively. The method also afforded satisfactory results in terms of the matrix effect (72.8-96.1%) and recoveries (accuracy) higher than 75.1% for most of the studied EVOMs. The @entity13528 @ @entity3758 -C18 NPs-based sorbent extraction combined with GC-qMS revealed that the new nanosorbent had a strong ability to retain the target metabolites providing a new, reliable and high throughput strategy for isolation of targeted EVOMs in @entity1 urine, suggesting their potential to be applied in other EVOMs.

title: XXXX functionalized core-shell magnetic silica nanoparticle as a powerful nanocomposite sorbent to extract urinary volatile organic metabolites.

entities_list: @entity32128 :: ('MESH:C032175', 'Chemical') :: ['benzaldehyde']

entities_list: @entity5494 :: ('MESH:D010262', 'Disease') :: ['relative standard deviations', 'RSDs']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity36292 :: ('CHEBI:26755', 'Chemical') :: ['octadecyl']

entities_list: @entity63366 :: ('MESH:C048065', 'Chemical') :: ['5-methyl-2-furfural']

answer: @entity36292 :: (CHEBI:26755,Chemical) :: ['Octadecyl']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity131 ( @entity131 ) can be compounded by physiologic derangements that produce secondary @entity1545 . The purpose of this study is to elucidate the frequency with which physiologic factors that are associated with secondary @entity1545 occur in @entity1 with severe @entity6075 and to determine the impact of these factors on outcome. METHODS: The records of 81 adult blunt @entity130 @entity1 with Glasgow @entity772 Scale scores < or = 8 and transport times < 2 hours to a Level I @entity130 center were retrospectively reviewed searching for the following 11 secondary @entity1545 factors (SBIFs) in the first 24 hours postinjury: @entity551 , @entity519 , @entity2944 , @entity13147 , @entity2332 , @entity221 , @entity520 , @entity410 , @entity1003 , @entity4854 , and @entity428 . We recorded the worst SBIF during six time periods: hours 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 to 14, and 16 to 24. Occurrence of each SBIF was then correlated with outcome. RESULTS: @entity13147 , @entity551 , and @entity520 occurred more frequently than other SBIFs (60-80%). @entity551 , @entity4854 , and @entity2332 were associated with increased mortality rate. @entity1 with episodes of @entity13147 , @entity520 , and @entity519 had significantly longer intensive care unit length of stay (LOS). These three SBIFs and @entity4854 related to longer hospital LOS as well. @entity551 and @entity520 were associated with discharge to a rehabilitation facility rather than home. Finally, multivariate regression analysis revealed that @entity551 , @entity2332 , and Abbreviated Injury Scale score of the head were independently related to mortality, whereas other SBIFs, age, Injury Severity Score, and Glasgow @entity772 Scale score were not. @entity520 and @entity519 were related to longer intensive care unit and hospital LOS. CONCLUSION: Our early management of head-injured @entity1 stresses avoidance and correction of SBIFs at all costs. Nonetheless, SBIFs occur frequently in the first 24 hours after @entity131 . Six of the 11 factors studied are associated with significantly worse outcomes. @entity551 and @entity2332 are independently related to mortality. Because these SBIFs are potentially preventable, protocols could be developed to decrease their frequency.

title: Harbingers of poor outcome the day after severe XXXX : @entity2332 , @entity519 , and hypoperfusion.

entities_list: @entity1545 :: ('MESH:D020214', 'Disease') :: ['brain injury']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['traumatic brain injury', 'Traumatic brain injury', 'TBI']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures']

entities_list: @entity2332 :: ('MESH:D007035', 'Disease') :: ['hypothermia']

entities_list: @entity2944 :: ('MESH:D006935', 'Disease') :: ['hypercapnia']

entities_list: @entity428 :: ('MESH:D019586', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial hypertension']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['hyperthermia']

entities_list: @entity1003 :: ('MESH:D001778', 'Disease') :: ['coagulopathy']

entities_list: @entity520 :: ('MESH:D000138', 'Disease') :: ['Metabolic acidosis', 'acidosis', 'metabolic acidosis']

entities_list: @entity6075 :: ('MESH:D016489', 'Disease') :: ['closed head injuries']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension', 'Hypotension']

entities_list: @entity13147 :: ('MESH:D016857', 'Disease') :: ['hypocapnia', 'Hypocapnia']

entities_list: @entity4854 :: ('MESH:D006943', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemia']

answer: @entity1545 :: (MESH:D020214,Disease) :: ['brain injury']


abstract: Inflammatory response, @entity21 and @entity17 are important components of the pathophysiology of @entity179 . We have investigated the outcome of these pathological events following an excitotoxic or an @entity2806 to the spinal nucleus of adult @entity35 at 1 and 7 days postinjury. Microinjections of 80 nmol of @entity143 or 40 pmol of @entity1827 into the @entity35 spinal nucleus induced differential histopathological events. @entity143 injection induced intense tissue loss in the @entity62 ( @entity62 ) without significant tissue loss in the white matter (WM). There was a mild inflammatory response, with recruitment of a few neutrophils and macrophages. @entity21 was present in the @entity62 following @entity143 injection, with negligible @entity21 in the WM. Myelin impairment was apparent at 7 days. Microinjections of @entity1827 into the same region induced lesser tissue loss than @entity143 injections, concomitant with an intense inflammatory response characterized by recruitment of macrophages, but not of neutrophils. There were more @entity21 and early @entity17 after @entity1827 injection. These results were confirmed by quantitative analysis. Microcysts were present in the WM of the trigeminothalamic tract at 7 days following injection of @entity1827 . These results show that an @entity2806 to the spinal nucleus affects both @entity62 and WM with more @entity32 , @entity17 , while excitotoxic damage induces effects more restricted to the @entity62 . These pathological events may occur following acute damage to the @entity1 brain stem and can be an important contributing factor to the underlying functional deficits.

title: Differential patterns of inflammatory response, @entity17 following excitotoxic or @entity2806 to the trigeminal spinal nucleus of adult XXXX .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['bystander inflammation']

entities_list: @entity17 :: ('MESH:D003711', 'Disease') :: ['axonal damage and myelin impairment', 'demyelination', 'myelin impairment']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic damage']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['acute neurodegenerative diseases']

entities_list: @entity21 :: ('MESH:D001480', 'Disease') :: ['Axonal damage', 'axonal damage']

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['gray matter', 'GM']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity195 ( @entity195 ) brains exhibit plaques and tangles in association with @entity32 . The non-receptor @entity4149 kinase @entity17225 is linked to @entity32 in @entity195 . @entity17225 inhibition by @entity10542 or @entity31438 facilitates amyloid clearance and may decrease @entity32 . @entity19 that express Dutch, Iowa and Swedish APP mutations (TgAPP) and display progressive @entity28548 were treated with @entity4149 kinase inhibitors (TKIs) to determine pre-plaque effects on systemic and CNS @entity32 using milliplex   ELISA. Plaque Ab was detected at 4months in TgAPP and pre-plaque intracellular Ab accumulation (2.5months) was associated with changes of cytokines and chemokines prior to detection of glial changes. Plaque formation correlated with increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines ( @entity637 , @entity777 , @entity634 , @entity635 ) and markers of immunosuppressive and adaptive immunity, including, @entity58 , @entity1618 , @entity2047 , @entity3019 , @entity1611 ( @entity1611 ) and IFN-y. An inverse relationship of chemokines was observed as @entity1750 and @entity638 were lower than WT @entity19 at 2months and significantly increased after plaque appearance, while soluble @entity20598 decreased. A change in glial profile was only robustly detected at 6months in Tg-APP @entity19 and TKIs reduced astrocyte and dendritic cell number with no effects on microglia, suggesting alteration of brain immunity. @entity10542 decreased blood and brain cytokines and chemokines and increased @entity20598 . @entity31438 increased brain and blood @entity1618 and @entity20598 , suggesting a protective role for soluble @entity20598 . Taken together these data suggest that TKIs regulate systemic and CNS immunity and may be useful treatments in early @entity195 through dual effects on amyloid clearance and immune modulation.

title: @entity10542 and XXXX modulate pre-plaque alterations of blood immune markers and @entity32 in @entity195 models.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation', 'neuro-inflammation']

entities_list: @entity28548 :: ('MESH:C566671', 'Disease') :: ['Ab plaque deposition']

entities_list: @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mice', 'Transgenic mice']

entities_list: @entity31438 :: ('MESH:C471992', 'Chemical') :: ['bosutinib', 'Bosutinib']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['AD', "Alzheimer's disease"]

entities_list: @entity1611 :: ('22339(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['VEGF', 'Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor']

entities_list: @entity10542 :: ('MESH:C498826', 'Chemical') :: ['Nilotinib', 'nilotinib']

answer: @entity31438 :: (MESH:C471992,Chemical) :: ['bosutinib']


abstract: PURPOSE: To estimate the late morbidity of a novel, hypofractionated external beam radiotherapy schedule of 55 Gy in 16 fractions (4 fractions/week, 3.4 Gy per fraction) for @entity263 . METHODS AND MATERIALS: A multi-center phase 2 study enrolled seventy-three @entity1 between September 2004 and June 2006. After insertion of fiducial gold markers, they were treated with image-guidance (IGRT) using conformal techniques with intensity-modulation, if necessary, and then followed every 6 months for @entity137 rating and PSA. @entity1 reported outcomes were collected yearly. Median follow up was 4.6 years. RESULTS: At 4 years post-radiotherapy, the cumulative incidence of combined urinary and bowel grade 3 @entity137 was 7% (95% CI 3-16%) and grade 2+ was 33% (95% CI 24-46%). All except two @entity1 recovered from their grade 3 events. @entity1 -reported reduction of function was most pronounced at year two for urinary function (mean -7, SD 16), and at year one for bowel function (mean -7, SD 21). The cumulative incidence of biochemical (PSA nadir+2) or biopsy-proven relapse at 4 years was 9% (95% CI 4-18%). CONCLUSIONS: Hypofractionated radiotherapy is clinically feasible and more convenient than conventional schedules for @entity1 with @entity263 . Phase 3 multicenter studies are on-going (NCT00126165).

title: Phase II study of hypofractionated image-guided radiotherapy for XXXX : outcomes of 55 Gy in 16 fractions at 3.4 Gy per fraction.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['localized prostate cancer']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['localized prostate cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Response to @entity2857 is highly variable in @entity157 ( @entity157 ). Baseline inflammatory parameters and treatment @entity137 may improve survival prediction in @entity1 on @entity2857 therapy. RESULTS: 442 @entity1 with advanced stage @entity157 on @entity2857 were recruited (follow-up 5096 @entity1 -months at risk). 88% had BCLC stage B or greater @entity157 and 72.3% had @entity1 -Pugh A @entity82 . On Cox multivariate regression, previously-treated @entity157 (HR 0.579, 95% CI 0.385-0.872, p=0.009), @entity96 ( @entity96 ) score (HR 1.723, 95% CI 1.462-2.047, p<0.0001), baseline red cell distribution width (RDW; HR 1.234, 95% CI 1.115-1.290, p<0.0001) and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR; HR 1.218, 95% CI 1.108-1.322, p<0.0001) were significant independent risks for shorter survival, whilst @entity2857 -related @entity294 was associated with prolonged survival (HR 0.533, 95% CI 0.373-0.763, p=0.001). The combination of RD- @entity96 score ( @entity96 score multiplied by RDW) >=  70 and no treatment-related @entity294 had good utility for predicting 3-month survival (AUC of 0.808 (95% CI 0.734-0.882), positive predictive value of 86.4% and negative predictive value of 83.3%), compared with @entity96 (AUC=0.642) or BCLC score alone (AUC=0.579). RD- @entity96 score >=  35 and no treatment-related @entity294 had an AUC of 0.787 for predicting 12-month survival. METHODS: @entity1 with @entity157 were consecutively recruited from three tertiary centres (Japan, Italy and UK) and clinical data were prospectively collected. The primary study endpoint was overall survival (OS) after commencing @entity2857 . CONCLUSION: The novel prognostic index of @entity96 score combined with inflammatory marker RDW and treatment-related @entity294 has good accuracy for predicting overall, 3 month and 12 month survival in @entity1 on @entity2857 .

title: Integration of the cancer-related inflammatory response as a stratifying biomarker of XXXX treated with @entity2857 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Child', 'Patients', 'patients', 'person']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['CLIP', 'Cancer of Liver Italian Program']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhoea']

entities_list: @entity2857 :: ('MESH:C471405', 'Chemical') :: ['sorafenib']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'hepatocellular carcinoma']

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['survival in hepatocellular carcinoma']


abstract: AIM: To evaluate localization of certain zones of @entity542 and determine their importance for genesis ofposttraumatic @entity302 . @entity1 AND METHODS: Study encompassed 50 war veterans, with @entity542 and @entity302 . Control group included 50 war veterans, with war @entity542 who have not experienced @entity302 . The @entity542 in every @entity1 was registered by computerized tomography (CT) of the brain at the Clinic for Radiology of the University Clinical Centre Tuzla. For statistical analysis it was used chi2 test. RESULTS: Average age in examinees' group was 29.92 (+/- 8.91); while in control group was 29.98 (+/- 9.97) (p > 0.05). Both, @entity131 and @entity32933 were registered in 22 (44%) @entity1 as well as in 8 (16%) @entity1 in control group, which represents extra statistical significance (p < 0.05). Frontal lobe @entity130 in examinees' group had 7 (14%) @entity1 and 15 (30%) @entity1 in control group (p > 0.05). @entity1315 in examinees group had equal number of @entity1 6 in each (12%); @entity131 was found in 14 (28%) @entity1 with @entity302 and 11 (22%) @entity1 without @entity302 (p > 0.05). @entity131 had one @entity1 with @entity302 (2%) and 10 (20%) veterans in control group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: @entity131 at the same time increases the possibility of @entity302 . @entity130 of certain brain lobes is not significant risk factor for @entity302 , but @entity130 of occipital lobe is significantly more represented in group of @entity1 without @entity302 .

title: Localisation of war @entity542 as risk factor for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['injury at several lobes', 'parietal lobe injury', 'Trauma of several brain lobes', 'Occipital lobe injury']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['craniocerebral trauma zone', 'craniocerebral trauma', 'craniocerebral injury']

entities_list: @entity1315 :: ('MESH:D004833', 'Disease') :: ['Temporal lobe trauma']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['posttraumatic epilepsy', 'epileptic seizures', 'epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity32933 :: ('MESH:D004834', 'Disease') :: ['post-traumatic epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['Trauma', 'trauma']

answer: @entity302 :: (MESH:D004827,Disease) :: ['posttraumatic epilepsy']


abstract: Retrograde cerebral perfusion has recently been the focus of interest as a simple new technique of brain protection during aortic arch operations. We undertook the experimental protocol of 120 minutes of retrograde cerebral perfusion followed by antegrade reperfusion. Eighteen mongrel @entity235 were used. Retrograde cerebral perfusion was maintained at a flow rate of 150 to 250 ml/min to keep the perfusion pressure from 15 to 25 mm Hg. Animals were divided into three groups as follows: in group I, no treatment was received during and after retrograde cerebral perfusion; in group II, @entity2656 (2 gm/kg) was administered before cardiopulmonary bypass was restarted; and in group III, antivasospastic substance (1,2-bis nicotinamido]-propane) was continuously injected during and after retrograde cerebral perfusion (1 mg/kg per minute). Cerebral blood flow decreased during retrograde cerebral perfusion in all three groups. Cerebrovascular resistance showed marked increases 30 and 60 minutes after cardiopulmonary bypass was restarted in group I compared with the values in groups II and III (group I: 3.35 +/- 0.73 and 5.00 +/- 1.57 mm Hg/ml per 100 gm per minute; group II: 1.30 +/- 0.33 and 1.03 +/- 0.17 mm Hg/ml per 100 gm per minute; group III: 1.24 +/- 0.41 and 0.98 +/- 0.24 mm Hg/ml per 100 gm per minute). The @entity26 extraction level was reduced by cooling, but it rose to a higher level as a result of significant desaturation of returned blood even in deep @entity2332 during retrograde cerebral perfusion. Both cerebral metabolic rate of @entity26 and cerebral metabolic rate of @entity413 remained at low levels during retrograde cerebral perfusion. Ratios of cerebral blood flow to cerebral metabolic rate of @entity26 and cerebral blood flow to cerebral metabolic rate of @entity413 were markedly reduced during retrograde cerebral perfusion. Intracranial pressure showed significant increases 30 and 60 minutes after cardiopulmonary bypass was restarted in group I compared with values in group II or group III (group I: 22.7 +/- 2.8 and 20.6 +/- 5.1 mm Hg; group II: 6.3 +/- 1.8 and 5.3 +/- 1.3 mm Hg; group III: 4.2 +/- 1.7 and 7.7 +/- 2.8 mm Hg). Water content of the brain tissue in group I (77.54% +/- 0.29%) was significantly higher than that in group II (74.71% +/- 0.76%) or group III (74.14% +/- 0.48%). These data suggest that the supply of @entity26 or @entity413 by retrograde cerebral perfusion is not enough to maintain sufficient cerebral metabolism, which may cause @entity2657 during antegrade reperfusion.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: Pharmacologic intervention for ischemic XXXX after retrograde cerebral perfusion.

entities_list: @entity2656 :: ('MESH:D008353', 'Chemical') :: ['mannitol']

entities_list: @entity2657 :: ('MESH:D001929', 'Disease') :: ['brain edema']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity2332 :: ('MESH:D007035', 'Disease') :: ['hypothermia']

answer: @entity2657 :: (MESH:D001929,Disease) :: ['brain edema']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 127 Background: Due to the volume and pace of scientific advances within oncology, peer discussion and professional reflection regarding appropriate therapeutic decision making is necessary to provide the highest quality @entity1 care. Increasing awareness in the @entity0 community of similarities and differences amongst practice management strategies helps to identify and benchmark individual practice patterns against one's professional peers, ultimately leading to increased competence in therapy selection. METHODS: During 2011 and 2012, educational outcomes assessments were gathered during 85 independent continuing medical education (CME) activities held within community practices and institutions across the USA. @entity1 were asked a series of case-based questions via an audience response system to assess baseline knowledge, competence, and identify practice patterns. Assessments were repeated post a 1-hour CME certified activity, with an additional 6-week electronic follow-up. RESULTS: To date, over 330 physicians have participated in the program. Number of years in practice ranged from < 10 to > 30. The number of @entity0 @entity1 seen per month ranged from <=  10 to > 40. Provider competency and preferences in applying guideline based therapy was assessed. Results of @entity1 preferences including single-agent, combination, first-line, and second-line therapy preferences as well as @entity137 management for select @entity1 case scenarios in @entity0 will be presented. Self-rated competence for the physician audience improved by approximately 50% as a result of participation. CONCLUSIONS: The results highlight the diversity of clinical opinion in selecting therapy for @entity0 and need for continued dialogue and scientific advancement. Education and peer discussion of how to optimize translation of new scientific information into @entity1 care contributes to maximizing physician competence in therapy selection for metastatic @entity0 .

title: Maximizing metastatic XXXX therapy selection: Physician practice patterns and competence assessment.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'participant', 'patient', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer', 'advanced breast cancer']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To present the feasibility of no skin incision orchiopexy in @entity1 with concomitant @entity2650 and @entity246 ( @entity246 ) by a single subcoronal incision technique. To introduce the creation of subdartos muscle scrotal pouch with no scrotal skin incision. METHODS: From one thousand and twenty-one @entity1 with @entity2650 , 61 @entity1 presented with concomitant palpable @entity246 and @entity2650 . In group I (N  =  34) single subcoronal incision with no scrotal skin incision was applied. In group II (N  =  27), multi-incision technique was applied for classical orchiopexy and @entity2650 surgery. For @entity2650 reconstruction, all @entity1 had classical subcoronal and para urethral plate incision with penile skin degloving according to the location of urethral meatus. Early and late complications, surgical time, hospital stay, and cosmetic results were recorded. RESULTS: @entity1 with unilateral @entity246 and @entity2650 had one incision in group I and three skin incisions in group II. @entity1 with bilateral @entity246 had one incision in group I and five skin incisions in group II. The operation time was significantly shorter in group I (93      11  min) compared with group II (138      17  min) (P  =  0.03). Both groups were operated as day care basis; however, the hospital stay was slightly longer in group II (group I  =  12      2  h, vs group II  =  16      3  h) (P  =  0.07). All testes were satisfactorily positioned into the bottom of the scrotum without development of any @entity194 . CONCLUSION: Single subcoronal penile skin incision is a feasible, safe, and cosmetically satisfactory technique in @entity1 with @entity2650 and concomitant @entity246 . Reduced @entity282 , better objective cosmetic results, shorter operative time and comfortable post-operative period are the most significant advantages of this approach.

title: @entity2650 and concomitant XXXX : Comparison of no skin incision with inguinal and scrotal skin incision orchiopexy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity2650 :: ('MESH:D007021', 'Disease') :: ['hypospadias']

entities_list: @entity246 :: ('MESH:D003456', 'Disease') :: ['undescended testis', 'UDT']

entities_list: @entity194 :: ('MESH:D001284', 'Disease') :: ['testicular atrophy']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative pain']

answer: @entity246 :: (MESH:D003456,Disease) :: ['undescended testis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study examines preoperative hemoglobin (Hgb) and hematocrit (Hct) levels in a group of @entity1635 ( @entity1635 ) @entity1 and the effect of distraction-based growing rods (GRs) on these levels. @entity1 with @entity1635 are at risk for @entity1576 and chronic @entity519 . Increased Hgb and Hct levels have been identified as surrogate markers for chronic @entity519 . A study of @entity1 who underwent VEPTR surgery showed a significant decrease in Hgb levels following surgery. METHODS: Data were retrospectively collected on 66 @entity1635 @entity1 without confounding respiratory issues or @entity26 dependence who were treated with GRs at 5 institutions. Average age at initial surgery was 5.5 years. @entity1 were followed for a minimum of 2 years (average 3.7 y). Preoperative and postoperative Hgb and Hct levels were converted to Z-scores based on age-adjusted mean blood indices and were compared using a paired t test. RESULTS: The prevalence of elevated Hgb and Hct levels (Z-score >2) preoperatively was 15% (10/66) and 19% (12/64), respectively. The average Hgb Z-score decreased from 0.20 to -0.31 (P=0.005) 6 to 24 months following surgery and the Hct Z-score decreased from 0.31 to -0.28 (P=0.002) 6 to 24 months following surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Following distraction-based GR treatment of @entity1 with @entity1635 there was a significant decrease in both their Hgb and Hct. This is a physiological marker of decreased @entity519 and improved pulmonary function. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level III-therapeutic study.

title: The Effect of Growing Rod Treatment on Hemoglobin and Hematocrit Levels in Early-onset XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1635 :: ('MESH:D012600', 'Disease') :: ['early-onset scoliosis', 'EOS']

entities_list: @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxemia']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory insufficiency']

answer: @entity1635 :: (MESH:D012600,Disease) :: ['Scoliosis']


abstract: @entity1398 is probably the strongest known predisposition to @entity281 with otherwise harmless environmental or microbiota-derived species. Because initial swarming of neutrophils at the site of @entity281 occurs within minutes, rather than the hours required to induce "emergency granulopoiesis," the relevance of having high numbers of these cells available at any one time is obvious. We observed that germ-free (GF) animals show delayed clearance of an apathogenic bacterium after systemic challenge. In this article, we show that the size of the bone marrow myeloid cell pool correlates strongly with the complexity of the intestinal microbiota. The effect of colonization can be recapitulated by transferring sterile heat-treated serum from colonized @entity19 into GF wild-type @entity19 . TLR signaling was essential for microbiota-driven @entity1685 , as microbiota colonization or transferring serum from colonized animals had no effect in GF @entity5001 (-/-) @entity7485 (-/-) @entity19 . Amplification of @entity1685 occurred in the absence of microbiota-specific IgG production. Thus, very low concentrations of microbial Ags and TLR ligands, well below the threshold required for induction of adaptive immunity, sets the bone marrow myeloid cell pool size. Coevolution of mammals with their microbiota has probably led to a reliance on microbiota-derived signals to provide tonic stimulation to the systemic innate immune system and to maintain vigilance to @entity281 . This suggests that microbiota changes observed in @entity6636 , @entity28 , or antibiotic therapy may affect the cross talk between hematopoiesis and the microbiota, potentially exacerbating inflammatory or infectious states in the host.

title: Microbiota-Derived Compounds Drive Steady-State Granulopoiesis via XXXX /TICAM Signaling.

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity6636 :: ('MESH:D064806', 'Disease') :: ['dysbiosis']

entities_list: @entity1685 :: ('MESH:C563551', 'Disease') :: ['myelopoiesis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['Neutropenia']

answer: @entity5001 :: (17874(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['MyD88']


abstract: Between January 1950 and December 2000, 16 @entity1 were identified from Scottish Bone Tumour Registry with 17 histologically proven @entity1362 ( @entity1362 ) of the knee. The mean follow-up was 6 years (range, 1-14 years). A knee swelling of chronic duration with dull ache was the common presenting symptom. The mean duration of symptoms prior to presentation was 25 months (1-108 months), however it was much less (mean, 7 months) in four @entity1 with a history of @entity130 . The mean age was 33 years (range, 16-58 years) with a slight male predominance. The lesion was predominantly anterior in nine @entity1 , posterior in four, anterolateral in two, and medial and lateral in one each. Three @entity1 (four knees) had @entity66 and 13 diffuse. Anteroposterior and lateral radiographs of the knee revealed normal findings in 11 @entity1 , features of gonarthrosis in four and a large suprapatellar loose body in one @entity1 (both knees). Open (incisional-eight, excisional-eight) biopsy was carried out in all and all were histologically confirmed as @entity1362 . Removal of a localised synovial mass or loose body with surrounding partial synovectomy (four) was carried out for the localised variety, whilst open partial (three) or total (radical) synovectomy (10) was performed in all cases of diffuse @entity1362 . Three of seventeen knees had a recurrence, noted at 4, 6 and 8 years postoperatively (0% - localised, 23% - diffuse variety). A total (radical) synovectomy should be considered in diffuse @entity1362 in order to obtain optimal outcome.

title: Outcome of 17 @entity1362 ( XXXX ) of the knee at 6 years mean follow-up.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1362 :: ('MESH:D013586', 'Disease') :: ['pigmented villonodular synovitis', 'PVNS']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['localised disease']

answer: @entity1362 :: (MESH:D013586,Disease) :: ['PVNS']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Surgical ablation is a well-known treatment for @entity955 ( @entity955 ); however, little is known about the absolute success rate. The aim of this study is to compare the absolute pre- and postoperative incidence of @entity955 after minimally invasive surgical ablation for paroxysmal @entity955 . METHODS: Twenty consecutive @entity1 (mean age 55    8; 55% male) received a continuous loop monitor (CLM) 4 weeks prior to a minimally invasive @entity358 (MIPVI). The mean preoperative @entity955 burden was compared with the mean @entity955 burden during follow-up. Follow-up was achieved for a period of 12 months. RESULTS: Seventeen @entity1 underwent an MIPVI successfully. Two @entity1 did not reach the threshold for surgery. In 1 @entity1 , surgery was discontinued because of a perioperative @entity548 due to adhesions after a previous percutaneous @entity955 ablation. Mean @entity955 burden preoperatively was 66%. After 12 months, there was an absolute reduction in @entity955 burden of 65% (95% CI 42-88, P < 0.001) and 12 of 15 @entity1 in follow-up (80%) were free of @entity955 without antiarrhythmic drugs (AADs). CONCLUSIONS: The use of a CLM in the follow-up of surgical ablation is a very accurate way to confirm absolute surgical results. Furthermore, with the use of a CLM, preoperative evaluation can be done more accurately, and the surgical procedure can be adjusted to the @entity1 ' needs.

title: A new approach to determine the results of minimally invasive XXXX using a continuous loop monitor: preliminary results

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary vein isolation']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation', 'AF']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

answer: @entity358 :: (MESH:D008171,Disease) :: ['pulmonary vein isolation']


abstract: The @entity3492 gene defects are the most frequent cause of @entity3491 ( @entity3492 ). Epidemiological data suggest that @entity4701 is the most prevalent mutation found in 88% of mutated alleles. Another mutations @entity66938 was found in 7% of mutated alleles. The other mutations were identified only in single families. Following the analysis of distribution of @entity3492 mutations in the Polish population we propose an algorithm for molecular diagnosis of @entity3492 . We propose to screen all @entity1 affected with prelingual @entity2319 for @entity4701 mutation using ASO or multiplex AS-PCR methods. The presence of @entity4701 on two alleles confirms @entity3492 . The identification of heterozygous @entity4701 mutation requires additional @entity3492 analysis including @entity66939 mutation detection and en exon 2 direct sequencing. To determinate the frequency of digenic ( @entity3492 / @entity4700 ) background of DFNB we screened 17 @entity1 with heterozygous @entity4701 mutation for deletion of 342 kb in @entity4700 gene. No such mutation was detected in the analyzed group.

title: [The principles of molecular diagnosis of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3491 :: ('MESH:C580334', 'Disease') :: ['autosomal recessive non-syndromic hearing loss']

entities_list: @entity2319 :: ('MESH:D003638', 'Disease') :: ['non-syndromic deafness']

answer: @entity3491 :: (MESH:C580334,Disease) :: ['recessive forms of prelingual non-syndromic hearing loss']