abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of concurrent uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) and hypopharyngeal procedures in @entity27 ( @entity27 ) @entity1 with diffuse airway narrowing. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: Forty-eight @entity1 were treated surgically by a single surgeon in private practice over 2 years. Symptoms, Epworth score, and polysomnographic outcome were assessed preoperatively and postoperatively. The Friedman staging system was applied. UPPP with genioglossus advancement, hyoid suspension, or radiofrequency treatment was carried out. RESULTS: In 37 @entity1 with complete data, the average @entity27 index (AHI) was reduced from 46.5 +/- 24.8 to 14.9 +/- 16.8. The Epworth score was reduced from 12.1 +/- 4.9 to 6.7 +/- 3.7. Most @entity1 reported improved sleep quality, alertness, memory, concentration, and mood. CONCLUSION: Successful outcome, defined by symptom and AHI reduction, was achieved with multilevel surgery for most @entity1 with advanced Friedman stages 2 and 3. SIGNIFICANCE: Multilevel surgery seems effective in treating severe @entity27 @entity1 with diffuse airway narrowing. EBM RATING: @entity10287 .

title: Palatal and tongue base surgery for surgical XXXX : a prospective study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity27 :: ('MESH:D020181', 'Disease') :: ['apnea-hypopnea', 'obstructive sleep apnea', 'OSA']

answer: @entity27 :: (MESH:D020181,Disease) :: ['treatment of obstructive sleep apnea']


abstract: Intracellular @entity141 signals elicited by @entity377 agonists were investigated in primary cultures of @entity35 cardiac microvascular endothelial cells using the @entity593 technique. @entity856 increased the intracellular [ @entity141 ] in 94% of the cells, whereas 2MeSATP was active in 32%. The rank order of potency was @entity855 = @entity856 > @entity20483 and the maximal response to 2MeSATP was lower compared to @entity856 and @entity855 . @entity855 and @entity856 showed strong homologous and heterologous desensitization. @entity855 fully inhibited the 2MeSATP response, while @entity856 abolished 2MeSATP-elicited transients in 25% of cells. 2MeSATP did not desensitize the @entity856 or @entity855 response. @entity43052 inhibited the response to 2MeSATP, while it did not modify the response to @entity855 and @entity856 . 2MeSATP was more sensitive to @entity5747 than @entity856 and @entity855 . These results indicate that @entity863 ) and @entity12700 ) receptors may be coexpressed in CMEC. @entity377 -induced @entity141 signals lacked a sustained plateau and were almost independent from extracellular @entity141 . @entity855 and @entity856 elicited @entity141 transients longer than 2MeSATP-evoked transients. The kinetics of @entity141 responses was not affected by bath solution stirring or ectonucleotidase inhibition. Furthermore, the nonhydrolyzable @entity855 analogue @entity860 - @entity26864 induced @entity141 signals similar to those elicited by @entity855 and @entity856 . These results suggest that the distinct kinetics of @entity377 -evoked @entity141 responses do not depend on the activity of ectonucleotidases or @entity855 autocrine stimulation. The possibility that @entity141 signals with different time courses may modulate different cellular responses is discussed.

title: @entity863 and P2y2 receptor-operated XXXX signals in primary cultures of cardiac microvascular endothelial cells.

entities_list: @entity377 :: ('CHEBI:36976', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotide', 'Nucleotide']

entities_list: @entity43052 :: ('MESH:C045716', 'Chemical') :: ["Adenosine 2',5'-diphosphate"]

answer: @entity141 :: (CHEBI:29108,Chemical) :: ['Ca2+']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2414 performance are among the most widely replicated findings in @entity161 . Roles of encoding vs. @entity2414 remain unresolved. The present study evaluated working memory performance in @entity161 using an AX-type continuous performance test (AX-CPT) paradigm. METHODS: @entity1 included 48 subjects with @entity161 and 27 comparison subjects. Behavior was obtained in 3 versions of the task, which differed based upon ease of cue interoperability. In a simple cue version of the task, cue letters were replaced with red or green circles. In the complex cue version, letter/color conjunctions served as cues. RESULTS: In the base version of the task, @entity1 showed increased rates of false alarms to invalidly cued targets, similar to prior reports. However, when the cue stimuli were replaced with green or red circles to ease interpretation, @entity1 showed similar false alarm rates to controls. When feature conjunction cues were used, @entity1 were also disproportionately affected relative to controls. No significant group by interstimulus interval interaction effects were observed in either the simple or complex cue conditions, suggesting normal retention of information even in the presence of overall performance decrements. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest first, that cue manipulation disproportionately affects AX-CPT performance in @entity161 and, second, that @entity146 may be observed on working memory tasks even in the absence of @entity6112 .

title: Encoding vs. retention: differential effects of cue manipulation on working memory performance in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity6112 :: ('MESH:D016055', 'Disease') :: ['disturbances in mnemonic retention']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['substantial behavioral deficits']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['memory retention in working memory', 'Deficits in working memory']

answer: @entity161 :: (MESH:D012559,Disease) :: ['schizophrenia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We have recently demonstrated that continuous delivery of interferon beta ( @entity12421 ) stabilizes @entity5 and improves @entity5 perfusion. In this study, we have further investigated the functional consequences of this effect by assessing delivery and efficacy of conventional chemotherapy against @entity521 xenografts when used in combination with @entity12421 . METHODS: @entity19 with established retroperitoneal @entity5 received adeno-associated virus vector encoding @entity12421 (AAV @entity12421 ) or control vector. One week later, at 1 hour before sacrifice, a 1 mg/kg i.v. bolus of topotecan ( @entity9919 ) was given. Intratumoral levels of @entity9919 were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography and then standardized to plasma levels to determine @entity5 @entity9919 penetration. Subsequent experiments evaluated the antitumor efficacy of @entity1945 alone or in combination with AAV @entity12421 . RESULTS: As observed in prior experiments, AAV @entity12421 resulted in a marked increase in @entity5 vessel association with stabilizing perivascular smooth muscle cells. These more "matured" vessels facilitated improved @entity5 @entity9919 penetration (51.2% +/- 4.2%) compared with controls (30.8% +/- 4.7%, P = .004). In additional cohorts of @entity19 , this resulted in an improved antitumor effect. @entity19 with established @entity5 (301.8 +/- 18.1 mm3) were treated with @entity9919 (1 mg/kg daily for 5 days for 2 consecutive weeks) either alone or in combination with AAV @entity12421 (5 x 10(10) vector particles per @entity19 ). Topotecan monotherapy resulted in a reduction in mean @entity5 volume of 12% (264.2 +/- 65.8 mm3, P = .66). However, when the same regimen was administered to @entity19 receiving continuous @entity12421 therapy, a 61% (118.9 +/- 42.3 mm3, P = .004) reduction in mean @entity5 volume was achieved. CONCLUSION: Interferon beta-mediated vessel stabilization resulted in improved intratumoral delivery of systemically administered @entity9919 , enhancing its antitumor efficacy. This approach of altering the @entity5 vasculature provides a strategy to help overcome @entity5 resistance to traditional cytotoxic agents.

title: Interferon beta-mediated vessel stabilization improves delivery and efficacy of systemically administered topotecan in a XXXX @entity521 model.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'solid tumor vasculature', 'solid tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity521 :: ('MESH:D009447', 'Disease') :: ['neuroblastoma']

entities_list: @entity1945 :: ('MESH:D019772', 'Chemical') :: ['topotecan']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['murine']


abstract: @entity18283 ) is implicated in the generation of @entity1 @entity11511 . To directly examine the role of this putative oncogene, an SCL retrovirus was constructed and used to infect a v-ABL transformed T-lymphocyte cell line. Thirteen independent @entity281 and four control cell lines were established and injected subcutaneously into syngeneic @entity19 . @entity19 injected with @entity281 clonal cell lines died significantly more rapidly than control animals. By day 200 46% (40/87) of animals injected with @entity281 cell lines had died due to disseminated @entity5 . In contrast only 22% of control @entity19 were dead by day 200 (P < 0.0015). Of possible relevance to the enhanced tumourigenesis, some @entity281 cell lines displayed increased clonogenicity in agar. Increased cell growth was even more striking when ex-vivo tumour-derived cell lines were studied. Thus, SCL can co-operate with v-ABL to hasten T-cell tumourigenesis. This is the first direct evidence demonstrating that SCL can behave as an oncogene.

title: SCL, the gene implicated in @entity1 T-cell leukaemia, is oncogenic in a XXXX T-lymphocyte cell line.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['transplantable lymphoid tumours']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['SCL-infected']

entities_list: @entity11511 :: ('MESH:D054218', 'Disease') :: ['T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['murine']


abstract: A 54-year-old female with @entity565 and @entity751 induced by @entity9992 (DSCG) was reported. She was referred to our hospital for further examination of the abnormal chest shadows and @entity1712 . She had been treated with DSCG, Cefaclor. @entity37884 and bronchodilator for @entity565 and @entity3617 . Withdrawal of the drugs except for the bronchodilators alleviated her symptoms. Therefore, drug induced lymphocytes stimulation tests (DLST) were performed for those three drugs. Only DLST for DSCG showed a positive result. She had been @entity748 for ten years and treated by the drug for 18 months prior to admission. The skin test for the drug was negative and a precipitating antibody for the drug could not be found. To obtain a definite diagnosis, bronchial challenge by DSCG was performed, after her symptoms were under control. Severe @entity748 responses were provoked in 6 and 24 hours after the inhalation of DSCG. Bronchoalveolar lavage, performed 8 days after the provocation, revealed @entity1712 and lymphocytes in BAL fluid. Although several cases of @entity751 induced by DSCG have been reported, this seems to be the first report of late and delayed type bronchial response and @entity358 with @entity1712 provoked by DSCG. The bronchial response to the drug was a late and delayed type reaction and sustained for a long period. This might indicate that @entity751 induced by the drug may be caused by a same mechanism as the provoked @entity748 response.

title: [A case of XXXX induced by @entity9992 ].

entities_list: @entity1712 :: ('MESH:D004802', 'Disease') :: ['eosinophilia', 'increased eosinophils']

entities_list: @entity3617 :: ('MESH:D001991', 'Disease') :: ['bronchitis']

entities_list: @entity748 :: ('MESH:D013224', 'Disease') :: ['asthmatic']

entities_list: @entity565 :: ('MESH:D001249', 'Disease') :: ['bronchial asthma']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary infiltration']

entities_list: @entity751 :: ('MESH:D013577', 'Disease') :: ['PIE syndrome']

entities_list: @entity9992 :: ('MESH:D004205', 'Chemical') :: ['disodium cromoglycate']

entities_list: @entity37884 :: ('MESH:D001964', 'Chemical') :: ['Bromhexine']

answer: @entity565 :: (MESH:D001249,Disease) :: ['bronchial asthma and PIE Syndrome']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although many articles about @entity4225 have been published over the last 25 years, sexuality has not received much attention. Sexual functioning may however be relevant for the treatment of this disorder. AIM: To find out from research reports, the literature and clinical practice whether they contain evidence of varying degrees of problematical sexuality in borderline @entity1 , and if so, to make an inventory of the evidence. METHOD: A literature search was conducted via PubMed and Psycinfo using the search terms ' @entity4225 ', 'sexuality' and 'research'. In addition, the literature was searched manually. RESULTS: Only six empirical studies about the sexual functioning of @entity1 with @entity4225 were found. The research findings provided information about @entity1 ' problems with regard to intimate and sexual relations. These problems related to heightened sexual impulsivity, reduced satisfaction, increased sexual boredom, greater preoccupation with sex, avoidance of sex and a range of other sexual complaints. In addition, there is evidence that homosexuality and vulnerability regarding gender identity occur more frequently in these @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Helping to integrate love and sexuality with a suitable partner seems to be an important developmental assignment for @entity1 assisting borderline @entity1 .

title: [The relevance of sexuality in the treatment of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity4225 :: ('MESH:D001883', 'Disease') :: ['borderline personality disorder']

answer: @entity4225 :: (MESH:D001883,Disease) :: ['borderline personality disorder']


abstract: To define the maximum tolerated dose and to study whether recombinant @entity1 @entity2772 (rhIL-3) reduced chemotherapy-induced @entity1398 and @entity882 , 20 chemotherapy-naive @entity1 with advanced @entity43 eligible for treatment with 6 cycles of @entity3003 - @entity786 every 4 weeks (day 1) were entered in a phase I/II open, single-center trial. Cohorts of five @entity1 received during 7 days 1, 5, 10, or 15 micrograms/kg/d rhIL-3 (days 5 through 11) in cycles 1, 3, and 5 by continuous intravenous (IV) infusion or once daily subcutaneous (SC) administration. In control cycles 2, 4, and 6, no rhIL-3 was administered. rhIL-3 significantly increased the recovery of leukocyte, neutrophil, and platelet counts, especially at 5, 10, and 15 micrograms/kg rhIL-3. rhIL-3 also increased basophil, eosinophil, monocyte, and lymphocyte counts at this dose steps. Effects on reticulocytes were limited. No difference in efficacy between SC and IV rhIL-3 treatment was found. Chemotherapy postponement for insufficient @entity236 was necessary in 22 of 45 control cycles versus 2 of 49 rhIL-3 cycles (P less than .001). Platelet transfusions were required in 7 of 45 control cycles versus 3 of 50 rhIL-3 cycles (P less than .5). rhIL-3 up to 10 micrograms/kg/d could be administered without severe side effects. At 15 micrograms/kg/d, rhIL-3 @entity10 was dose-limiting. Other side effects were @entity221 , @entity390 , @entity1910 , @entity1671 , and @entity110 . @entity99 occurred in rhIL-3 and control cycles. rhIL-3 slightly increased @entity5 necrosis factor alpha, @entity1851 , and serum amyloid A plasma levels, whereas no effect on @entity650 plasma levels was observed. rhIL-3 administered SC appears to be an interesting @entity2772 for reduction of chemotherapy-induced myelotoxicity.

title: Effects of @entity2772 after chemotherapy for advanced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity1671 :: ('MESH:D005483', 'Disease') :: ['flushing, facial erythema']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['carboplatin']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity2772 :: ('3562', 'Gene') :: ['interleukin-3', 'hematopoietic growth factor']

entities_list: @entity236 :: ('MESH:D001855', 'Disease') :: ['bone marrow recovery']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['Liver toxicity']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['fever, flu-like symptoms']

entities_list: @entity110 :: ('MESH:D014581', 'Disease') :: ['urticaria']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['ovarian cancer']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Computed tomography (CT) and endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) are part of the regular staging protocol in @entity418 . The value of the two methods was assessed in @entity1 with @entity5 in @entity355 . METHODS: One hundred consecutive @entity1 (median age 64 yr, interquartile range [IQR] 58-72) with suspected @entity5 in @entity355 who were referred to our hospital for endoscopic therapy were prospectively included in a standardized staging program with upper @entity344 , EUS (7.5 MHz in all cases plus 12.5 or 20 MHz for elevated and/or @entity308 ), CT of the chest and upper abdomen, and abdominal ultrasonography. The results were summarized in accordance with the @entity2802 classification. On the basis of the lymph node findings on CT and/or EUS, the @entity1 were assigned to three categories: C1, no suspicious lymph nodes; C2, paraesophageal lymph nodes < or =1 cm in size at the @entity5 level, lymph nodes > or =1 cm in size not at the @entity5 level in the mediastinum or celiac trunk; and C3, paraesophageal lymph nodes > 1 cm in size at the @entity5 level. The EUS and CT findings were checked every 6 months in @entity1 who underwent endoscopic treatment. Surgical resection was scheduled in operable @entity1 if staging showed a T category higher than T1 and/or the lymph node staging was assessed as C3. @entity1 with suspected submucosal infiltration underwent diagnostic endoscopic resection, and if submucosal involvement was confirmed were referred for surgery. RESULTS: The median follow-up period was 25 months (IQR 19.5-30.0). The T category diagnosed with CT was < or = T1 in all @entity1 . On EUS, the T category was classified as T1 in 92% of cases (N = 92) and as > T1 in 8% (N = 8, p < 0.05). Enlarged lymph nodes (C2 and C3) were detected in 45% of the @entity1 . Significantly more C2 lymph nodes were diagnosed with EUS than CT (28 vs 19, p < 0.05). Lymph nodes at the level with the highest suspicion, C3, were detected using CT in only three of nine cases. Sensitivity of CT for N staging was not acceptable compared with EUS (38%vs 75%). No extranodal @entity3 were found on CT. CONCLUSIONS: In suspected @entity5 in @entity355 , EUS is superior to CT for T staging and N staging. As CT had no influence on the @entity2802 classification in any of these @entity1 , it may be possible to dispense with this method as a staging procedure in @entity1 with @entity5 in @entity355 . By contrast, EUS is required in order to differentiate between @entity1 with @entity5 in @entity355 in whom endoscopic therapy is suitable and those in whom surgical treatment is required.

title: The impact of endoscopic ultrasound and computed tomography on the XXXX staging of @entity5 in @entity355 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressed lesions']

entities_list: @entity355 :: ('MESH:D001471', 'Disease') :: ["Barrett's esophagus"]

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'early cancer']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal endoscopy']

entities_list: @entity418 :: ('MESH:D004938', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

answer: @entity2802 :: (10178,Gene) :: ['TNM']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Progress in management of @entity583 ( @entity583 ) might have changed the effect of gender on mortality. METHODS: From May 1981 to November 2002, 1984 consecutive @entity1 with @entity583 underwent emergency coronary angiography. They were divided into three groups in chronological order: group I (1981-1988, n=564); group II (1989-1995, n=678); and group III (1997-2002, n=742). Multi-variable analysis was performed using Cox's proportional hazard regression, adjusting baseline clinical and angiographical variables. RESULTS: There were 405 @entity1 (20%). Thrombolysis was most frequently performed in group I (50%), balloon angioplasty in group II (71%), and stent in group III (66%), with no difference in the allocation of reperfusion therapy between @entity1 and @entity1 . Three-year mortality was significantly higher in @entity1 than in @entity1 in group I (27% vs 18%, p=0.03) and group II (23% vs 15%, p=0.048). In group III, there was no significant difference in 3-year mortality (12% vs 10%, p=0.66) between @entity1 and @entity1 . @entity1 were associated with higher age, more @entity6 , more @entity101 , fewer current smokers, and less previous @entity1188 than @entity1 . Multi-variable analysis showed that sex was not an independent predictor of 3-year mortality in the three groups. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with @entity583 who were treated mostly with primary intervention using stent in the contemporary era had similar mortality to @entity1 .

title: Trends in gender difference in mortality after XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'Women', 'men']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarction']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['AMI', 'acute myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['acute myocardial infarction']


abstract: We postulated that adrenergic responses to global @entity2806 are anesthetic-dependent and similar in both brain and arterial blood. @entity35 were anesthetized with @entity5161 (1.4%), @entity3652 (1 mg x kg(-1) x min(-1)), or @entity3575 (25 microg x kg(-1) x h(-1))/70% @entity3727 . The carotid arteries were occluded for either 20 min with mean arterial pressure (MAP) 50 mm Hg (incomplete @entity63 ) or 10 min with MAP 30 mm Hg (near-complete @entity63 ). @entity1063 was measured in hippocampal microdialysate. @entity1063 and @entity1425 were measured in arterial plasma. In both hippocampus and plasma, basal @entity1063 was similar among anesthetics. During incomplete @entity63 , hippocampal @entity1063 was twofold greater with @entity3575 / @entity3727 than with @entity5161 (P = 0.037), but plasma @entity1063 and @entity1425 were similar and unchanged among all three anesthetics. During near-complete @entity63 , hippocampal @entity1063 was threefold greater with @entity3652 than @entity3575 / @entity3727 (P = 0.005), whereas plasma @entity1063 and @entity1425 were markedly greater with @entity3575 / @entity3727 than with @entity3652 (P < 0.0005) or @entity5161 (P = 0.05). There was no correlation between @entity1063 concentrations in hippocampus and plasma for either @entity63 . This study demonstrates that adrenergic responses to global @entity63 are anesthetic-dependent, particularly during more severe insults. The absence of a correlation between plasma and brain @entity2922 concentrations indicates that adrenergic responses to @entity63 are independent in brain and blood. IMPLICATIONS: It has been proposed that anesthetics modulate cerebral ischemic outcome by influencing peripheral adrenergic responses to @entity63 . This experiment demonstrates that anesthetics differentially modulate adrenergic responses to @entity63 but that effects in plasma and brain are independent. This suggests that events detected in the peripheral circulation do not implicate direct mechanisms of action of @entity2661 at the neuronal/glial level.

title: Effects of @entity5161 , @entity3652 , and @entity3575 / @entity3727 on concentrations of brain and plasma @entity2661 during near-complete @entity2806 in the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral ischemia']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['incomplete or near-complete ischemia', 'ischemia']

entities_list: @entity1425 :: ('MESH:D004837', 'Chemical') :: ['epinephrine']

entities_list: @entity3652 :: ('MESH:D007649', 'Chemical') :: ['ketamine']

entities_list: @entity2922 :: ('CHEBI:33567', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamine']

entities_list: @entity5161 :: ('MESH:D007530', 'Chemical') :: ['isoflurane']

entities_list: @entity2661 :: ('MESH:D002395', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamines']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['Norepinephrine', 'norepinephrine']

entities_list: @entity3575 :: ('MESH:D005283', 'Chemical') :: ['fentanyl']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: @entity30558 is a chronic, infectious, @entity738 that may present with mass lesions in the respiratory tract anywhere from the nose to the @entity825 . The nose is involved in 95-100 per cent of cases. There are three stages of the disease: @entity738 (also known as @entity1184 ) and @entity3808 . The diagnosis is made either by positive @entity4005 culture or from the classic histological findings of Mikulicz cells and transformed plasma cells with Russell bodies. @entity30558 is endemic to areas of Africa, South-East Asia, Mexico, Central and South America, and Central and Eastern Europe, and it has been associated with low socioeconomic status. In the past, @entity30558 was infrequent in the US population but, with current trends in migration, the incidence of @entity30558 may be on the rise. There is often a delay in diagnosis in non-endemic areas such as the US due to unfamiliarity with the disease, the stage-dependent clinical and histological manifestations of disease, and the fact that only 50-60 per cent of cultures are positive for K rhinoscleromatis. Such late diagnosis leads to increased morbidity in the form of nasal and @entity8968 from erosive processes. @entity30558 is difficult to cure and prone to recur. Currently, the recommended treatment consists of a combination of surgical debridement and long-term antibiotic therapy. We present a case report of a culture-positive diagnosis of @entity30558 , and we review the existing literature.

title: XXXX of the membranous nasal septum.

entities_list: @entity738 :: ('MESH:D006099', 'Disease') :: ['catarrhal-atrophic, granulomatous', 'granulomatous disease']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophic']

entities_list: @entity3808 :: ('MESH:C538213', 'Disease') :: ['sclerotic']

entities_list: @entity4005 :: ('MESH:D007710', 'Disease') :: ['Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis']

entities_list: @entity30558 :: ('MESH:D012226', 'Disease') :: ['rhinoscleroma', 'Rhinoscleroma']

entities_list: @entity8968 :: ('MESH:D015508', 'Disease') :: ['airway obstruction and nasal deformity']

answer: @entity4005 :: (MESH:D007710,Disease) :: ['Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis']


abstract: Genetically modified (GM) animals are unique mutants with an enormous scientific potential. Cryopreservation of pre-implantation embryos or spermatozoa is a common approach for protecting these lines from being lost or to store them in a repository. A mutant line can be taken out of a breeding nucleus only if sufficient numbers of samples with an appropriate level of quality are cryopreserved. The quality of different donors within the same @entity19 line might be heterogeneous and the cryopreservation procedure might also be error-prone. However, only limited amounts of material are available for analysis. To improve the monitoring of frozen/thawed spermatozoa, commonly used @entity52 ( @entity52 ) followed by embryo transfer were replaced with animal-free techniques. Major factors for assessing spermatozoa quality (i.e., density, viability, motility, and morphology) were evaluated by fluorescence microscopy. For this, a live/dead cell staining protocol requiring only small amounts of material was created. Membrane integrity was then examined as major parameter closely correlated with successful @entity52 . These complex analyses allow us to monitor frozen/thawed spermatozoa from GM @entity19 using a relatively simple staining procedure. This approach leads to a reduction of animal experiments and contributes to the 3R principles (replacement, reduction and refinement of animal experiments).

title: Improved assessment of frozen/thawed XXXX spermatozoa using fluorescence microscopy.

entities_list: @entity52 :: ('MESH:C566179', 'Disease') :: ['IVF', 'in vitro fertilization']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The differential swelling and bending of multilayer polymeric films due to the dissimilar uptake of volatile organic compounds (VOCs; @entity1045 , @entity4108 ) in the different layers was studied. Motions of thin @entity691 films triggered by the penetrant were investigated to learn more about how their deformation is related to VOC absorption. Single layers of @entity40901 or low-density @entity691 , and multilayers (2-288 layers) of these in alternating positions were considered. Single, 24 and 288 layer films displayed no motion when uniformly subjected to VOCs, but they could display simple curving modes when only one side of the film was wetted with a liquid VOC. Two layer films displayed simple bending when uniformly subjected to VOCs due to the different swelling in the two layers, but when the VOC was applied to only one side of the film, more complex modes of motion as well as dynamic oscillations were observed e.g. constant amplitude wagging at 2 Hz for ca. 50 s until all the VOC had evaporated. Diffusion modeling was used to study the transport behavior of VOCs inside the films and the different bending modes. Finally a prototype VOC sensor was developed, where the reproducible curving of the two-layer film was calibrated with @entity1045 . The sensor is simple, cost-efficient, non-destructive and requires no electricity.

title: VOC-induced flexing of single and multilayer XXXX films as gas sensors.

entities_list: @entity691 :: ('MESH:D020959', 'Chemical') :: ['polyethylene']

entities_list: @entity40901 :: ('MESH:C013108', 'Chemical') :: ['metallocene']

entities_list: @entity4108 :: ('MESH:C008281', 'Chemical') :: ['limonene']

answer: @entity691 :: (MESH:D020959,Chemical) :: ['polyethylene']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine the clinical features of a novel @entity299 with transient left ventricular (LV) apical ballooning, but without @entity3979 , that mimics @entity583 , we performed a multicenter retrospective enrollment study. BACKGROUND: Only several case presentations have been reported with regard to this syndrome. METHODS: We analyzed 88 @entity1 (12 @entity1 and 76 @entity1 ), aged 67 +/- 13 years, who fulfilled the following criteria: 1) transient LV apical ballooning, 2) no significant @entity850 , and 3) no known @entity296 . RESULTS: Thirt-eight (43%) @entity1 had preceding aggravation of underlying disorders ( @entity64 [n = 3], @entity302 [n = 3], exacerbated @entity565 [n = 3], acute abdomen [n = 7]) and noncardiac surgery or medical procedure (n = 11) at the onset. Twenty-four (27%) @entity1 had emotional and physical problems (sudden accident [n = 2], @entity204 /funeral of a family member [n = 7], inexperience with exercise [n = 6], quarreling or excessive @entity167 consumption [n = 5] and vigorous excitation [n = 4]). Chest symptoms (67%), electrocardiographic changes (ST elevation [90%], Q-wave formation [27%] and T-wave inversion [97%]) and elevated @entity908 kinase (56%) were found. After treatment of @entity3126 (22%), @entity1455 (15%) and @entity2224 (9%), 85 @entity1 had class I New York Heart Association function on discharge. The LV ejection fraction improved from 41 +/- 11% to 64 +/- 10%. Transient intraventricular pressure gradient and provocative @entity2553 were documented in 13/72 (18%) and 10/48 (21%) of the @entity1 , respectively. During follow-up for 13 +/- 14 months, two @entity1 showed recurrence, and one died suddenly. CONCLUSIONS: A novel @entity296 with transient apical ballooning was reported. Emotional or physical stress might play a key role in this @entity296 , but the precise etiologic basis still remains unclear.

title: Transient left ventricular apical ballooning without @entity3979 : a novel XXXX mimicking @entity583 . @entity583 Investigations in Japan.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1455 :: ('MESH:D012770', 'Disease') :: ['cardiogenic shock']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['cardiomyopathies', 'cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['cerebrovascular accident']

entities_list: @entity3126 :: ('MESH:D011654', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary edema']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity565 :: ('MESH:D001249', 'Disease') :: ['bronchial asthma']

entities_list: @entity908 :: ('MESH:D003401', 'Chemical') :: ['creatine']

entities_list: @entity2553 :: ('MESH:D020301', 'Disease') :: ['vasospasm']

entities_list: @entity3979 :: ('MESH:D023921', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery stenosis']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity2224 :: ('MESH:D014693', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart syndrome']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['acute myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['angiographic stenosis']

answer: @entity299 :: (MESH:D006331,Disease) :: ['heart syndrome']


abstract: Sustained improvement in blood @entity413 control is the only treatment outcome which will reduce or eliminate the long term complications of @entity6 . We have designed and evaluated an electronic information system which facilitates this task. The system is voice-interactive, physician directed and affords, to remote @entity1 , 24 h access via touch-tone telephone. Accordingly, @entity1 access the system each day to report self-measured blood @entity413 levels or hypoglycaemic symptoms together with dietary changes, planned exercise, stress, illness or other lifestyle events. In turn they receive immediate advice with respect to medication dosing changes, and other pertinent feedback. Preliminary system beta-testing for safety and efficacy was performed for one year in an open study of 204 @entity1 derived from two independent, health-care environments. Among the two testing centres, over 60,000 telephone cells were received by the computer systems during the start-up year. Safety and efficacy expectations were met. In addition, prevalence of @entity6 (hyperglycaemia or hypoglycaemia) fell approximately 3-fold. Glycated haemoglobin fell significantly (1.0-1.3%) in @entity1 actively using the system. In control groups of @entity1 not actively using the system, there were no improvements in metabolic control while body weights were stable in all groups. The new system was safe and effective in our hands and empowered our health professionals to provide improved @entity6 care.

title: XXXX in the information age.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes related crises', 'diabetes', 'diabetes mellitus']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['Diabetes intervention']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: To determine the influence of the injection frequency and the initial bone age on the efficacy of treatment with biosynthetic @entity2124 in @entity2689 . DESIGN: Randomized study. SETTING: Referral-based pediatric endocrinology departments of seven university medical centers. @entity1 : Fifty-two @entity1 with @entity2689 confirmed with chromosomal analysis. TREATMENT: Somatotropin recombinant DNA (24 IU/m2 of body surface area) subcutaneously administered in three or six injections per week for 2 years. @entity1 who were older than 12 years at the beginning of the study received low doses of @entity172 . RESULTS: The following statistically significant findings supported the use of six injections per week compared with three injections per week: the mean (+/- SD) increment in height during 2 years was 11.3 cm (3.8 cm) with six injections vs 8.6 cm (3.4 cm) with three injections; the increment in height standard deviation score was 0.9 cm (0.5 cm) vs 0.6 cm (0.3 cm); the growth velocity was 6.6 cm/y (2.0 cm/y) vs 5.2 cm/y (1.7 cm/y) in year 1 and 4.7 cm/y (2.0 cm/y) vs 3.4 cm/y (1.7 cm/y) in year 2; and the increment in height standard deviation score for bone age was 0.8 cm (0.5 cm) vs 0.4 cm (0.6 cm). For @entity1 whose initial bone age was more than 13 years, growth velocity increased by 1 to 2 cm in year 1; in year 2 no increment was observed. We did not observe adverse effects. CONCLUSIONS: Biosynthetic @entity2124 in a higher-frequency regimen in @entity2689 is more efficient in terms of increment in height, growth velocity, and height standard deviation score for bone age than treatment in a lower-frequency regimen. In @entity1 with an initial bone age of more than 13 years, the response was poor. Longer follow-up is necessary to assess the effect on final height.

title: XXXX therapy in @entity2689 . Impact of injection frequency and initial bone age.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity2689 :: ('MESH:D014424', 'Disease') :: ["Turner's syndrome"]

answer: @entity2124 :: (2688,Gene) :: ['Growth hormone']


abstract: Inappropriate neutrophil activation contributes to the pathogenesis of @entity647 ( @entity647 ). Apoptosis is essential for removal of neutrophils from inflamed tissues and timely resolution of @entity32 . @entity24655 (RvE1) is an endogenous lipid mediator derived from the   -3 @entity5204 @entity7784 that displays proresolving actions. Because the balance of prosurvival and proapoptosis signals determines the fate of neutrophils, we investigated the impact of RvE1 on neutrophil apoptosis and the outcome of neutrophil-mediated @entity55 in @entity19 . Culture of @entity1 neutrophils with RvE1 accelerated apoptosis evoked by phagocytosis of opsonized @entity526 or @entity375 . RvE1 through the leukotriene B(4) receptor BLT1 enhanced @entity1110 oxidase-derived reactive @entity26 species generation and subsequent activation of @entity4699 and @entity185 . RvE1 also attenuated ERK and @entity1994 -mediated apoptosis-suppressing signals from @entity10873 , serum amyloid A, and bacterial DNA, shifting the balance of pro- and anti-survival signals toward apoptosis via induction of @entity2383 . In @entity19 , @entity24655 treatment enhanced the resolution of established neutrophil-mediated @entity651 evoked by intratracheal instillation or i.p. administration of live @entity526 or intratracheal instillation of carrageenan plus @entity10873 via facilitating neutrophil apoptosis and their removal by macrophages. The actions of RvE1 were prevented by the pan-caspase inhibitor zVAD-fmk. These results identify a mechanism, promotion of phagocytosis-induced neutrophil apoptosis and mitigation of potent anti-apoptosis signals, by which RvE1 could enhance resolution of @entity55 .

title: @entity24655 promotes phagocytosis-induced neutrophil apoptosis and accelerates resolution of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity7784 :: ('MESH:D015118', 'Chemical') :: ['eicosapentaenoic acid']

entities_list: @entity5204 :: ('CHEBI:26208', 'Chemical') :: ['polyunsaturated fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity2383 :: ('MESH:D028361', 'Disease') :: ['mitochondrial dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary inflammation', 'acute lung inflammation']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity651 :: ('MESH:D055370', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary injury']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['E. coli', 'Escherichia coli']

entities_list: @entity647 :: ('MESH:D055371', 'Disease') :: ['acute lung injury', 'ALI']

answer: @entity55 :: (MESH:D011014,Disease) :: ['pulmonary inflammation']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity64 patterns in @entity1 with different degrees of @entity543 have not been systematically studied. OBJECTIVE: To determine first-ever @entity64 subtypes in nonselected @entity1 with @entity3538 (ICA) @entity850 , based on a primary care hospital @entity64 registry. METHODS: One hundred seventy-three @entity1 who experienced their first-ever @entity64 and who had 50% or greater (North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial method) ipsilateral @entity543 , corresponding to 6.5% of 2649 @entity1 with anterior circulation @entity64 included in the Lausanne @entity64 Registry, were studied. All these @entity1 underwent Doppler ultrasonography, carotid angiography (conventional or magnetic resonance angiography), neuroimaging (computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging), and other investigations from the standard protocol of the Lausanne @entity64 Registry. RESULTS: We found the following types of @entity1188 in the middle cerebral artery territory: anterior pial in 54 (31%) of the @entity1 ; subcortical, 34 (20%); posterior pial, 32 (19%); large hemispheral, 20 (12%); and border zone, 17 (10%). There were multiple pial in 14 (8%) and multiple deep @entity1188 in 2 (1%) of the @entity1 . Moderate (50%-69%) ICA @entity850 was significantly associated with large @entity1188 and a normal contralateral ICA (P =.04 and P =.02, respectively). Seventy percent to 89% of ICA @entity850 was associated with prior transient @entity63 attacks (P =.02). After adjusting for cardioembolism, border zone @entity1188 showed a strong trend to appear mostly in @entity1 with 90% to 99% ICA @entity850 (P =.06). CONCLUSIONS: The association of a large hemispheral @entity1188 with @entity543 suggests a large @entity887 and/or an inadequate collateral supply. While an @entity887 may also contribute, the association of border zone @entity1188 with 90% to 99% ICA @entity850 emphasizes the significance of hemodynamic disturbance in the pathogenesis of these types of @entity1188 .

title: @entity64 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'Stroke']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity3538 :: ('MESH:D002341', 'Disease') :: ['extracranial internal carotid artery']

entities_list: @entity887 :: ('MESH:D004617', 'Disease') :: ['embolism']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarcts', 'infarct', 'hemispheral infarcts']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

entities_list: @entity543 :: ('MESH:D016893', 'Disease') :: ['carotid stenosis', 'extracranial ICA stenosis', 'moderate ICA stenosis']

answer: @entity543 :: (MESH:D016893,Disease) :: ['internal carotid artery stenosis']


abstract: Data from HLA typing studies have made significant contributions to genetic theories about the Austronesian diaspora and the health of descendant populations. To help further unravel pattern and process elements, we have typed HLA and @entity1531 loci at high resolution in DNA samples from well defined groups of Maori and Polynesian individuals. Our results show a restricted set of HLA class I alleles compared with other well characterised populations. In contrast, the class II HLA- @entity1533 locus seems to be diverse in Maori and Polynesians and both groups show high frequencies of @entity1533 (   )04:03, - @entity1533 (   )08:03, - @entity1533 (   )09:01 and - @entity1533 (   )12:01. Our survey also provides the first ever @entity1531 datasets for Polynesians and reveal unusual distributions and associations with the @entity1530 locus. Overall, our data provide further support for a hybrid origin for Maori and Polynesians. One novel feature of our study is the finding that the gene sequence of the @entity1530 (   )40:10 allele in Polynesians is a recombinant of @entity1530 (   )55:02 and -B(   )40:01. @entity1530 (   )40:10 is in close association with @entity18698 (   )04:03, an allele identified as a hybrid of @entity18698 (   )04 and -C(   )02. In this respect, our data resemble those reports on Amerindian tribes where inter-allele recombination has been a common means of generating diversity. However, we emphasize that Amerindian gene content per se is only a very minor element of the overall Polynesian genepool. The wider significance of HLA and @entity1531 allele frequencies across the Pacific for modern day health is also discussed in terms of the frequency relative to reference populations of disease known to be associated with specific HLA and @entity1531 markers. Thus, Polynesians and Maori are largely unaffected by "European @entity792 " such as @entity1691 , @entity1596 and @entity66 , yet there are several Maori- and Polynesian-specific @entity792 where the HLA and @entity1531 associations are still to be determined.

title: HLA and XXXX polymorphism in Polynesians and New Zealand Maori: implications for ancestry and health.

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['coeliacs disease']

entities_list: @entity1691 :: ('MESH:D013167', 'Disease') :: ['ankylosing spondylitis']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune diseases']

answer: @entity1531 :: (100507436,Gene) :: ['MICA']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To investigate the relationship between MRI @entity32 and measures of clinical disease activity as well as treatment responses in @entity1 with @entity1691 ( @entity1691 ) treated with a @entity5 @entity39 factor inhibitor. METHODS: MRI at baseline (n=221), 24 (n=158) and 102 weeks (n=179) were scored for @entity32 /activity (MRIa, Berlin scoring system). Treatment responses according to the @entity1691 activity score (ASDAS), Bath @entity1691 activity index (BASDAI) and assessment of spondyloarthritis 20 (ASAS20) criteria were calculated. For each treatment response criterion, subgroups of responders and non-responders changes in MRIa scores were compared. RESULTS: Higher baseline ASDAS and @entity1851 ( @entity1851 ) values were associated with higher baseline MRIa scores and with greater decreases in MRIa scores at follow-up. ASDAS and @entity1851 improvements correlated with MRIa improvement. Stronger correlations were observed for @entity1851 . Differences in MRIa change scores between responders and non-responders were greater when subgroups were defined according to ASDAS response than according to BASDAI or ASAS20 response. CONCLUSIONS: MRIa correlates better with @entity1851 than with other measures of disease activity. By including both @entity1851 and @entity1 -reported outcomes in its formula, ASDAS has the advantage of providing combined information on objective and subjective measures. As a status and response measure ASDAS better reflects the spinal inflammatory disease process in @entity1691 than other composite measures.

title: MRI @entity32 and its relation with measures of clinical disease activity and different treatment responses in XXXX with @entity1691 treated with a @entity5 @entity39 factor inhibitor.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity1691 :: ('MESH:D013167', 'Disease') :: ['ankylosing spondylitis', 'AS disease', 'AS']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein', 'CRP']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Perineural invasion (PNI) is a morphological entity which has been known for many years, though its significance in @entity263 has only been studied recently. Therefore, we tried to assess, with the help our experience, its presence and its significance. Ninety-four @entity1 , aged between 49 and 74 (average 65.8)--with a PSA between 2.69 and 52 ng/ml (average 11.44)--underwent @entity6391 for @entity263 ; 58 @entity1 had stage @entity6402 had T3. 48 @entity1 had Gleason 7 or higher, and 46 had G 6 or lower. Fifty @entity1 (53,1%) were PNI+ and 44 (46,9%) PNI-. Between the two groups there was no significant difference as to age (1" group: average age 67 years; 2nd group: 68) and PSA (1st group: average 9.73 ng/ml, 2nd group: average 8,17) (Z 0,639). The distribution according to the stage showed that 24 @entity1 (48%) PNI+ were @entity6402 (52%) PNI+ T3, 34 (77.2%) PNI- @entity6402 (22%) PNI- T3 and therefore 72,23% of the T3's were PNI+ and 41.3% of the T2's were PNI+; 34 @entity1 (70.8%) with G>7 were PNI+ and 14 (29.16%) PNI-, 16 @entity1 (34,78%) with G<6 were PNI+ and 30 (65.2%) PNI-. Among the PNI+ 50 @entity1 , 36 had undergone biopsy in our hospital, and therefore we re-examined the operation tissue and found out that 16 (44%) were biopsy PNI+ while for 22 (55.5%) it was not possible to assess the PNI on the biopsy tissue. PNI is an important morphological element in the staging of @entity263 and is connected with the disease negative prognostic factors: in fact, it can be traced with a high frequency in stage diseases and higher Gleasons. It does not seem to be connected with PSA, above all for values between 4 and 20 ng/ml. We think that a very important element to be stressed is the fact that this condition is not always detected with biopsy (about 45%) and this does not allow, in such cases, an adequate therapy plan. Also our experience seems to confirm that, therefore, in spite of the above said limits, it is advisable to search PNI both with biopsy--in order to have a further prognostic element and therefore arrange the most suitable therapy plan--and on the surgery piece, in order to better determine the biological nature of the disease and to be able to suggest adequate integrative therapies.

title: Perineural invasion in XXXX treated with radical prostatectomy: the role of TR systematic biopsy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostatic carcinoma', 'prostatic neoplasms', 'prostatic cancer']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostatic carcinoma']


abstract: Nerve growth factor (NGF) exerts both stimulatory and inhibitory effects on neuronal and certain @entity5 with the effect based on the type of @entity5 . We investigated NGF and its receptors ( @entity2250 and @entity2251 ) in @entity788 cells (PANC-1, MIA-PaCa-2, CAPAN-1, ASPC-1, and T3M4) by reverse transcription-PCR, Western blot analysis, NGF ELISA, and growth assays. NGF mRNA was present at comparable levels in all five @entity788 cell lines. @entity2250 expression was relatively high in PANC-1 and MIA-PaCa-2 cells and low in @entity1 , @entity1 , and T3M4 cells. @entity2251 expression was high in PANC-1, MIA-PaCa-2, and T3M4 cells, moderate in @entity1 , and low in @entity1 cells. By ELISA assay, the intracellular NGF content in all cell lines was approximately 40 pg/10(6) cells. NGF content increased significantly in PANC-1 and MIA-PaCa-2 cells when these cells were cultured with serum-free media, whereas there was no change in the other @entity5 cell lines. PANC-1 and MIA-PaCa-2 cells but not the other cell lines released NGF in the culture media. Exogenous NGF stimulated the growth of PANC-1 and MIA-PaCa-2 cells, inhibited the growth of T3M4 and @entity1 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner, and did not affect the growth of @entity1 cells. NGF led to the phosphorylation of @entity2250 , mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and p38 MAPK but not stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun @entity2733 -terminal kinase in PANC-1 and MIA-PaCa-2 cells. In contrast, in the other @entity788 cell lines none of these kinases were phosphorylated by NGF. In conclusion, the effects of NGF on @entity788 cell growth are dependent on the expression levels and the balance of its @entity2250 and @entity2251 receptors. NGF-induced @entity788 cell growth seems to be mediated through the phosphorylation of @entity2250 and subsequently via MAPK. These results point to a previously unknown autocrine/paracrine pathway in @entity788 , suggesting that NGF- @entity2250 interactions are important factors influencing cell growth and spread in this malignancy.

title: Nerve growth factor exerts differential effects on the growth of @entity1 XXXX cells.

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'nonneuronal tumors', 'cancer']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatic cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: This study is to examine the role of dietary antioxidant intake on the severity of @entity3621 at the baseline in an intervention study, Chemoprevention of @entity356 .METHODS: The Chemoprevention of @entity356 is an intervention study conducted in the towns of Pasto and Tuquerres, Colombia. A 79-item food frequency questionnaire was administered to 1,219 subjects at baseline. Endoscopic screening for precancerous @entity1819 was performed in all subjects by biopsy and histologic diagnosis. Subjects without adequate diagnostic material (n = 18) and subjects identified as histologically normal (n = 12) or with @entity356 (n = 4) were excluded from these analyses. Analysis of Variance on logarithm-transformed data was conducted on dietary antioxidants and the stages of @entity3621 ( @entity4726 , @entity1944 , and @entity356 ).RESULTS: After adjusting for age, body mass index, smoking status, year of education, total calorie intake, and @entity1534 infection status, dietary @entity620 and @entity270 were found to be inversely associated with the severity of @entity3621 (p < 0.05). Decreased dietary @entity2077 was found to be marginally associated with @entity356 . Data were then stratified by town where subjects were recruited. The trends for the observed associations were apparent for dietary @entity2077 , @entity620 and E. However, the association was significant only for @entity620 in Pasto. Compared to subjects with @entity4726 , subjects diagnosed with @entity356 have an approximately 15% lower intake of @entity620 .CONCLUSIONS: This study confirmed the protective effect of specific dietary antioxidants on the severity of @entity3621 . Dietary @entity620 , and to a lesser extent, dietary @entity270 are potentially important for the prevention of @entity356 .

title: Association of dietary antioxidants on the severity of XXXX in a high risk population.

entities_list: @entity1944 :: ('MESH:D007410', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal metaplasia']

entities_list: @entity4726 :: ('MESH:D005757', 'Disease') :: ['atrophic gastritis']

entities_list: @entity270 :: ('MESH:D014810', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin E']

entities_list: @entity1819 :: ('MESH:D013272', 'Disease') :: ['gastric lesions']

entities_list: @entity620 :: ('MESH:D001205', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin C']

entities_list: @entity2077 :: ('MESH:C041635', 'Chemical') :: ['alpha-carotene']

entities_list: @entity3621 :: ('MESH:D005756', 'Disease') :: ['gastritis']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer', 'gastric dysplasia', 'Gastric Dysplasia']

answer: @entity3621 :: (MESH:D005756,Disease) :: ['gastritis']


abstract: Scalloped (SD) is a transcription factor characterized by a @entity1041 /ATTS DNA binding domain. To activate transcription, SD must interact with its coactivators, including @entity26879 ( @entity26879 ) or Vestigial (VG). @entity26879 is the downstream effector of the Hippo signaling pathway that plays a key role in the control of tissue growth. The core components of this pathway are two kinases, Hippo (HPO) and @entity4891 ( @entity4891 ), which negatively regulate the activity of the SD/ @entity26879 complex, retaining @entity26879 in the cytoplasm. We previously showed that HPO kinase can also reduce SD/VG transcriptional activity in @entity238 S2 cells. We further investigated the relationship between the SD/VG complex and the Hippo pathway. We show here that HPO overexpression suppresses overgrowth induced by SD/VG in vivo during @entity238 development. Using S2 cells, we show that HPO promotes the translocation of SD to the cytoplasm in a @entity39683 -dependent manner, thereby inhibiting the induction of SD/VG target genes. Using RNAi-mediated depletion of @entity26879 and a mutant SD protein unable to interact with @entity26879 , we demonstrate that HPO regulates SD localization independently of @entity26879 . This function requires HPO kinase activity, yet surprisingly, not its downstream effector kinase @entity4891 . Taken together, these observations reveal a new and unexpected role of HPO kinase in the regulation of a transcription factor independently of @entity26879 .

title: The Hippo kinase promotes Scalloped cytoplasmic localization independently of @entity4891 in a @entity39683 / @entity39683 -dependent manner in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity238 :: ('7227', 'Species') :: ['Drosophila']

answer: @entity238 :: (7227,Species) :: ['Drosophila']


abstract: Post-resuscitation care has changed in the last decade, and outcome after @entity1167 has improved, thanks to several combined measures. Induced @entity2332 has shown a treatment benefit in two randomized trials, but some doubts remain. General care has improved, including the use of emergency coronary intervention. Assessment of neurological function and prognosis in @entity1167 @entity1 is challenging, especially when treated with @entity2332 . In this review, we evaluate the recent literature and discuss the available evidence for prognostication after @entity1167 in the era of temperature management. Relevant literature was identified searching PubMed and reading published papers in the field, but no standardized search strategy was used. The complexity of predicting outcome after @entity1167 and induced @entity2332 is recognized in the literature, and no single test can predict a poor prognosis with absolute certainty. A clinical neurological examination is still the gold standard, but the results need careful interpretation because many @entity1 are affected by sedatives and by @entity2332 . Common adjuncts include neurophysiology, brain imaging and biomarkers, and a multimodal strategy is generally recommended. Current guidelines for prediction of outcome after @entity1167 and induced @entity2332 are not sufficient. Based on our expert opinion, we suggest a multimodal approach with a continuous evaluation of prognosis based on repeated neurological examinations and electroencephalography. Somatosensory-evoked potential is an established method to help determine a poor outcome and is recommended, whereas biomarkers and magnetic resonance imaging are promising adjuncts. We recommend that a decisive evaluation of prognosis is performed at 72   h after normothermia or later in a @entity1 free of sedative and analgetic drugs.

title: Continuous evaluation of neurological prognosis after XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2332 :: ('MESH:D007035', 'Disease') :: ['hypothermia']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['comatose cardiac arrest', 'cardiac arrest']

answer: @entity1167 :: (MESH:D006323,Disease) :: ['cardiac arrest']


abstract: In order to study the role of VLA-4 in @entity2023 , the effects of anti-mouse VLA-4 monoclonal antibody (mAb) were evaluated in a @entity19 model. BALB/c @entity19 were sensitized first by i.p. injections (general sensitization) and then by daily nasal dripping of antigen (local sensitization) before performing a nasal antigen challenge. The mAb was applied either before the antigen challenge (BC group), before the local sensitization (BL group) or before the general sensitization (BS group). The effects were evaluated in terms of antigen-induced early-phase nasal symptoms (sneezing), late-phase nasal @entity1712 and the serum level of antigen-specific IgE. Antigen-induced nasal @entity1712 was significantly (p = 0.009) reduced in the BL group but not in the BC group (number of eosinophils = 114 +/- 15.1, 244 +/- 52.8 and 347 +/- 50.5 in the BL, BC and control groups, respectively). The serum level of the specific IgE was also significantly (p = 0.038) reduced in the BL group but not in the BC group (optical density = 1.18 +/- 0.07, 1.28 +/- 0.13 and 1.58 +/- 0.14 in the BL, BC and control groups, respectively). The suppressive effect on sneezing was not significant in either the BL or BC groups. In the BS group, suppressive effects on antigen-induced nasal responses and the specific IgE level were not statistically significant. These findings suggest that VLA-4 plays an important role in the topical booster or priming effects during repeated nasal antigen exposures in pre-sensitized animals.

title: Effects of anti-VLA-4 monoclonal antibody treatment in @entity19 model of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2023 :: ('MESH:D006255', 'Disease') :: ['allergic rhinitis']

entities_list: @entity1712 :: ('MESH:D004802', 'Disease') :: ['eosinophilia']

answer: @entity2023 :: (MESH:D006255,Disease) :: ['allergic rhinitis']


abstract: The study was aimed at investigating the effect of @entity384 on the genesis of @entity4710 following myocardial reperfusion. Experiments were carried out in 26 mongrel @entity235 under @entity4485 @entity7908 with artificial ventilation. Electrophysiological study was performed for studying the arrhythmic condition of the heart. Investigations were carried out: (i) in normal condition, (ii) during atrial stretching (balloon dilatation of the left atrium), (iii) in reperfusion following @entity741 , (iv) in reperfusion combined with atrial stretching. On reperfusion the irritability of the atrium increased moderately (on atrial extrastimuli in 3 @entity235 non-sustained @entity591 , in 7 @entity235 repeated atrial responses could be induced). Reperfusion with atrial stretching, however, very markedly enhanced the atrial vulnerability, and in 19 @entity235 @entity591 appeared spontaneously. Comparison of the effect of atrial stretching to that of atrial stretching + reperfusion showed that the reperfusion significantly augmented the @entity943 -inducing effect of atrial stretching. CLINICAL INVESTIGATIONS: Aortocoronary bypass operations were followed by development of @entity4710 in 41 out of 428 operated cases. @entity384 was detected in 37 cases, mostly before the appearance of @entity591 . The data seem to prove that @entity384 has an important part in the pathogenesis of @entity4710 following reperfusion of @entity741 .

title: The effect of XXXX on reperfusion @entity943 : development of @entity4710 on reperfusion with atrial stretching.

entities_list: @entity4485 :: ('MESH:D010424', 'Chemical') :: ['pentobarbital']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['atrial dilatation', 'Atrial dilatation']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['atrial tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial ischemia']

entities_list: @entity4710 :: ('MESH:D013617', 'Disease') :: ['supraventricular tachycardia', 'supraventricular tachyarrhythmias']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmia']

answer: @entity384 :: (MESH:D002311,Disease) :: ['atrial dilatation']


abstract: From November 1971 to November 1975, 27 @entity1 with @entity2971 of the ovary (excluding @entity5000 and @entity5 containing trophoblastic elements) were treated with @entity1891 , @entity4316 , and @entity786 ; 12 @entity1 received other therapy. Fourteen @entity5 were @entity2970 , two were @entity189 , 11 were mixed germ cell @entity5 and 12 were @entity44 . Of 23 @entity1 with surgically resected disease (Stages I-IIA) only seven have failed. Median follow-up for 16 @entity1 remaining free of disease is 24.5 months. Restaging (second-look) laparotomies were done in 15 @entity1 . Eight were negative. Fifteen of the @entity1 had @entity5 with endodermal sinus elements. Six of these have failed. Of 16 @entity1 with @entity1442 (Stage IIB, III and recurrent), eight have responded to chemotherapy, eight have failed. Median follow-up period for those remaining free of disease is 26.5 months. Six have had negative second-look surgery and one had mature @entity44 . Four of eight cases which contained endodermal sinus elements responded to chemotherapy and remain disease-free. Grade 3 hematologic @entity137 was seen in eight @entity1 , dose-limiting @entity344 in five @entity1 , dose-limiting @entity2359 in five @entity1 .

title: Treatment of malignant ovarian germ cell tumors: response to @entity1891 , @entity4316 , and XXXX (preliminary report).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity2971 :: ('MESH:D009373', 'Disease') :: ['malignant germ cell tumors']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity44 :: ('MESH:D013724', 'Disease') :: ['teratoma', 'immature teratomas']

entities_list: @entity2970 :: ('MESH:D018240', 'Disease') :: ['pure endodermal sinus tumors']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['embryonal carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity4316 :: ('MESH:D003609', 'Chemical') :: ['dactinomycin']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal toxicity']

entities_list: @entity2359 :: ('MESH:D020258', 'Disease') :: ['neurotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity1442 :: ('MESH:D020178', 'Disease') :: ['advanced disease']

entities_list: @entity1891 :: ('MESH:D014750', 'Chemical') :: ['vincristine']

entities_list: @entity5000 :: ('MESH:D004407', 'Disease') :: ['pure dysgerminoma']

answer: @entity786 :: (MESH:D003520,Chemical) :: ['cyclophosphamide']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Reports in the literature of low-energy (LE) @entity3031 ( @entity3031 ) in @entity28 @entity1 have been increasing. This study was undertaken to define the risk factors for @entity3031 by LE mechanisms and the outcomes of these @entity1 compared with those with @entity7493 ( @entity7493 ) @entity130 . METHODS: All @entity1 with a complete @entity3031 presenting to the emergency department of a large urban level I @entity130 center were reviewed. @entity1 information collected included age, sex, weight, height, body mass index (BMI), injury mechanism, neurovascular and orthopedic injuries, and operations performed to treat @entity1317 . Risk factors for @entity3031 and concomitant injuries were compared between @entity7493 traumatic dislocations and @entity258 in @entity28 @entity1 (BMI >30 kg/m(2)), including stratification for increasing levels of @entity28 . RESULTS: Between January 1995 and April 2012, 53 @entity1 with @entity3031 were identified. The mechanism of injury was @entity7493 in 28 (53%) and LE in 25 (47%). Of the LE KDs, 18 (72%) were related to @entity28 (BMI >30 kg/m(2)). @entity28 @entity1 with LE @entity130 were more likely to have associated @entity128 (50% vs 6%; P < .001), @entity1317 requiring intervention (33% vs 9%; P = .048), and vascular surgical repairs (28% vs 6%; P = .038) than @entity1 with @entity7493 traumatic dislocations. These rates were highest in the @entity1 with a BMI >40 kg/m(2). Although all LE KDs in the @entity28 involved an isolated extremity, the hospital lengths of stay were comparable to those with @entity7493 KDs who frequently had multisystem @entity130 (8.7 vs 11.4 days). During a 17-year period, LE KDs in the @entity28 represented an increasing proportion, from 17% in 1995 to 2000 up to 53% in 2007 to 2012, and the eventual majority of all KDs at our institution (P = .024). CONCLUSIONS: LE KDs in @entity28 @entity1 are becoming increasingly prevalent. These @entity1 are more likely to have nerve and @entity1317 and are more likely to undergo vascular repair than @entity1 with @entity130 . The epidemic of @entity28 in the United States presents unique challenges in the identification and treatment of @entity1 with LE @entity3031 and their associated injuries.

title: Changing presentation of @entity3031 and @entity1317 from @entity7493 @entity130 to low-energy falls in the morbidly XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['Obese', 'obese', 'obesity']

entities_list: @entity1317 :: ('MESH:D057772', 'Disease') :: ['vascular injuries']

entities_list: @entity128 :: ('MESH:D020209', 'Disease') :: ['nerve injuries']

entities_list: @entity3031 :: ('MESH:D031221', 'Disease') :: ['KD', 'knee dislocation']

entities_list: @entity258 :: ('MESH:D009800', 'Disease') :: ['LE dislocations']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['trauma', 'HE trauma']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obese']


abstract: The objective of this study was to measure anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL) in major @entity146 . In Experiment 1, 96 subjects were evaluated: 20 first episode @entity161 @entity1 , [SCZ1] 20 chronic @entity161 @entity1 in acute exacerbation [SCZ2], l9 bipolar @entity1 , 20 schizoeffective @entity1 and 17 healthy age matched controls. In Experiment 2, 97 subjects were studied: 20 first episode @entity161 @entity1 [SCZ1], 60 chronic @entity161 @entity1 in acute exacerbation [SCZ2] and 17 healthy matched controls. Diagnosis was performed according to DSM-IV. Serum samples were tested for aCL in parallel by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in the presence of bovine serum. Five positive control samples with high levels of aCL were run in parallel. Background binding to wells uncoated with @entity6894 (CL) was also measured. In Experiment 1, aCL levels were similar in the control, bipolar and schizoeffective groups. In contrast, aCL levels in the SCZ1 and SCZ2 groups were significantly lower than in controls. In Experiment 2, Significantly lower levels of aCL antibodies were found in all @entity161 @entity1 versus controls. Interestingly, background levels in both experiments were higher in the @entity161 groups than in controls. Serum aCL levels are lower in @entity161 @entity1 , and especially in first episode cases, than in controls. One possible explanation for the lower levels of aCL in @entity161 @entity1 is the consumption of these antibodies in the acute phase and exacerbation of the disease. The higher background levels in @entity161 @entity1 may indicate a high level of antibodies to some serum component in @entity161 @entity1 that is still unclear and needs further elucidation.

title: Reduced anticardiolipin antibodies in first episode and chronic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6894 :: ('MESH:D002308', 'Chemical') :: ['cardiolipin']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia', 'schizophrenic']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric diseases']

answer: @entity161 :: (MESH:D012559,Disease) :: ['schizophrenia']


abstract: Chronic glucocorticoid (GC) therapy is associated with an increased risk of developing @entity231 and @entity726 , and recommendations have been developed for monitoring these side effects in @entity1 with @entity627 . The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of @entity231 and @entity726 and the adherence to the existing recommendations for monitoring eye @entity137 of chronic GC therapy among @entity1252 ( @entity1252 ) @entity1 in routine clinical practice. Clinical charts of 170 @entity1 were examined, and 34 (20%) of them never underwent an eye assessment. The remaining 136 underwent an eye assessment with an interval of 75    61.7 months. Only 45 (33%) had received an evaluation during the previous 12 months. All these 170 @entity1 were taking chronic CG therapy at a mean daily dose of 5.4    2.4 mg @entity229 and a mean cumulative dose of 27.6    20.5 g. Out of the 136 @entity1 with at least one eye assessment, @entity231 were observed in 39 @entity1 (29%) and @entity726 in 4 @entity1 (3%). @entity231 were diagnosed at a mean age of 46.5    10 years; the development of @entity231 was associated with age, disease duration, and cumulative GC dose. @entity726 was diagnosed at a mean age of 40.5    16 years; due to the small number of @entity1 , no correlations were made. The prevalence of @entity231 and @entity726 is higher than in the general population, and these conditions occur early in the life of @entity1252 @entity1 . An association between GC and @entity231 is confirmed. The adherence to recommendations is suboptimal as only 33% of @entity1 underwent an eye assessment over the previous 12 months. These data reinforce the need to improve adherence to recommendations for eye monitoring among @entity1252 @entity1 under chronic therapy with GC.

title: Analysis of the prevalence of @entity231 and @entity726 in XXXX and evaluation of the rheumatologists' practice for the monitoring of glucocorticoid eye @entity137 .

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity627 :: ('MESH:D012216', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatic diseases']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataracts', 'Cataracts']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity1252 :: ('MESH:D008180', 'Disease') :: ['SLE', 'systemic lupus erythematosus']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['Glaucoma', 'glaucoma']

answer: @entity1252 :: (MESH:D008180,Disease) :: ['systemic lupus erythematosus']


abstract: @entity4512 is known to be prevalent among musicians. Unfortunately, there are a lack of standard measures to quantify perceived @entity158 in this population. The principal objective of the present study was to develop a self-reported questionnaire targeting @entity4512 that is specific to musical activity. The Musculoskeletal Pain Questionnaire for Musicians (MPQM) is composed of 10 items investigating diverse areas related to @entity4512 , divided into three components: a set of items related to disability associated with @entity158 (4 items, component 1), a second one related to @entity158 intensity (4 items, component 2), and a third one related to the frequency and duration of @entity158 episodes (2 items, component 3). Thirty-one professional musicians, from the province of Quebec (Canada), entered the study and answered to the MPQM. Data collected from the MPQM was submitted to a principal component analysis. It found that results from the 10 items of the questionnaire were structured around three factors: @entity158 (32.71% of variance), @entity158 intensity (25.42% of variance), and frequency and duration of @entity158 (18.2% of variance). Convergent validity was also tested, and an adequate correlation was obtained between the MPQM and the @entity1118 Grade Questionnaire (r = 0.65, p = <0.01). Internal consistency for the whole instrument was measured and supported by a Cronbach's alpha of 0.768. Because the MPQM shows adequate psychometric characteristics, it is believed that it could be helpful in research on the correlates of @entity4512 in musicians.

title: Development and validation of a questionnaire on XXXX in musicians.

entities_list: @entity4512 :: ('MESH:D059352', 'Disease') :: ['Musculoskeletal pain', 'musculoskeletal pain']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic Pain']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain-related disability', 'pain']

answer: @entity4512 :: (MESH:D059352,Disease) :: ['musculoskeletal pain']


abstract: @entity1 peripheral @entity5750 (+)monocytes have been known to differentiate into monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) or dendritic cells (MoDCs) upon suitable stimulation. However, the key intracellular molecule(s) associated with their differentiation towards specific cell types was(were) not fully understood. This study was designated to determine the association of @entity6164 isoenzymes with the differentiation of @entity5750 (+)monocytes into MDMs or MoDCs. Purified @entity1 peripheral @entity5750 (+)monocytes were cultured with @entity2841 , or @entity2841 plus @entity3646 for 7 days to induce cell differentiation. The phenotypic changes were analyzed by Flow-Cytometry using various specific antibodies to cell type-specific surface markers. The immunological functions of these differentiated cells were determined by measuring the amounts of @entity310 secretion for MDMs, and the capacities of antigen-capturing and bacterial phagocytosis for MoDCs. The translocations of @entity6164 isoenzymes in these cells from cytosol to plasma membrane were examined by Western Blot analysis and Confocal Microscopic observation. The treatment of @entity5750 (+)monocytes with either @entity2841 or @entity4515 elicited @entity10185 translocation and consequently induced their differentiation into MDMs. The inclusion of @entity10185 /beta(I) specific inhibitor, @entity9295 , greatly inhibited the @entity2841 -induced @entity10185 translocation and dose-dependently reduced the @entity2841 - induced @entity709 differentiation. On the other hand, the simultaneous pretreatment of @entity5750 (+)monocytes with @entity9295 and @entity23001 -specific inhibitor predominantly suppressed the @entity2841 / @entity3646 -induced generation of MoDCs. Further study demonstrated that @entity2841 / @entity3646 selectively induced the translocation of @entity23001 (I), not @entity10185 or @entity23001 (II), in @entity5750 (+)monocytes. In conclusion, the cell fate commitment of @entity5750 (+)monocytes towards MDMs or MoDCs appears to be steered by the selective activation of @entity10185 or @entity23001 (I), respectively.

title: The essentiality of XXXX and PKCbetaI translocation for @entity5750 +monocyte differentiation towards macrophages and dendritic cells, respectively.

answer: @entity10185 :: (5578,Gene) :: ['PKCalpha']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To report the results of @entity1 undergoing combined excision, cryotherapy, and intraoperative @entity1138 (EXCRIM) for primary ocular surface @entity5 (OSSN) METHODS: A retrospective review of a non-comparative interventional case series. Histopathologically confirmed primary localized (less than four clock hours) OSSN treated with EXCRIM using adjuvant 0.02 % @entity1138 (MMC) were included in the study. The main outcome measures were recurrence and complications related to @entity1139 . RESULTS: The study enrolled 28 eyes of 28 @entity1 with OSSN with a median age of 64.5 (range 43 to 84) years. The mean @entity5 size was 6.9   4.35 mm. There was corneal involvement in 23 of 28 (82 %). Seven @entity1 (21 %) had delayed epithelial healing. Two of eight @entity1 (25 %) with @entity957 ( @entity957 ) had positive lateral margins. There were no recurrences over a mean follow-up of 49 months (range 24 to 96). CONCLUSION: The excision of OSSN combined with cryotherapy and intraoperative MMC is effective with a low recurrence rate. Long-term follow-up yielded favorable results.

title: Combined excision, cryotherapy, and intraoperative XXXX (EXCRIM) for localized intraepithelial and @entity957 of the conjunctiva.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'squamous neoplasia']

entities_list: @entity1138 :: ('MESH:D016685', 'Chemical') :: ['mitomycin-C']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma', 'SCC']

answer: @entity1138 :: (MESH:D016685,Chemical) :: ['mitomycin C']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Intraduodenal lipid modulates @entity344 and hormone release and suppresses energy intake (EI) more than does intraduodenal @entity413 . Oral protein is the most satiating macronutrient and modulates postprandial glycemia; the comparative effects of intraduodenal protein and lipid and their combined effects are unclear. OBJECTIVE: We investigated the effects of intraduodenal protein and lipid, alone or in combination, on antropyloroduodenal motility, gastrointestinal hormone release, glycemia, and EI. DESIGN: Twenty lean @entity1 were studied on 5 randomized, double-blind occasions. Antropyloroduodenal motility, @entity8586 , glucagon-like peptide-1 ( @entity6757 ), @entity2690 , glucagon, blood @entity413 , appetite, and @entity390 were measured during 90-min isocaloric (3 kcal/min) intraduodenal infusions of lipid [pure lipid condition (L3)], protein [pure protein condition (P3)], a 2:1 combination of lipid and protein [2:1 lipid:protein condition (L2P1)], a 1:2 combination of lipid and protein [1:2 lipid:protein condition (L1P2)], or a control. Immediately after the infusion, EI from a buffet lunch was quantified. RESULTS: In comparison with the control, all nutrient infusions suppressed antral and duodenal and stimulated pyloric pressures (P < 0.05). @entity8586 and @entity6757 release and pyloric stimulation were lipid-load dependent (r >=  0.39, P < 0.01), @entity2690 were protein-load dependent (r = 0.83, P < 0.001), and normoglycemia was maintained. L3 but not P3 increased @entity390 (P < 0.05). Compared with the control, @entity41718 but not L2P1 or L1P2 suppressed EI (P < 0.05) without major effects on appetite. CONCLUSIONS: In lean @entity1 , despite differing effects on gut function, intraduodenal lipid and protein produce comparable reductions in energy intake. The effects of lipid may be a result of @entity390 . Protein also regulates blood @entity413 by stimulating @entity2690 and glucagon. In contrast, at the loads selected, lipid:protein combinations did not suppress energy intake, suggesting that a threshold load is required to elicit effects. This trial was registered at Australia and New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry (http://www.anzctr.org.au) as 12609000949280.

title: Effects of intraduodenal lipid and protein on gut motility and hormone release, glycemia, appetite, and energy intake in lean XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2690 :: ('3630', 'Gene') :: ['insulin and glucagon releases', 'insulin']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal motility']

entities_list: @entity8586 :: ('MESH:D002766', 'Chemical') :: ['Cholecystokinin', 'cholecystokinin']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['men']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Disseminated @entity9504 following allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo- @entity12497 ) are increasingly recognised, particularly in @entity1 . This study evaluated the clinical relevance of disseminated @entity9504 in adult allo- @entity12497 recipients, after different conditioning regimens. METHODS: In a cohort of 107 adult allo- @entity12497 recipients, receiving either reduced intensity conditioning (RIC, n = 48) or myeloablative conditioning (MAC, n = 59), AdV DNA levels in plasma were determined retrospectively at 1, 3 and 6 months following transplantation. Results of this screening regimen were compared with a cohort of 58 paediatric allo- @entity12497 recipients, in whom AdV DNA load was monitored prospectively, as part of a pre-emptive treatment strategy. In positive cases, the course of AdV DNA load and clinical outcome were assessed. RESULTS: AdV DNA levels > or =1000 copies/mL were detected in five adults (4.7%) and eight @entity1 (13.8%). Screening for AdV viraemia at 1, 3 and 6 months would have detected seven of eight paediatric @entity1 . One adult, receiving MAC, died with disseminated @entity9504 and in four (three RIC and one MAC) AdV viraemia was transient without clinical symptoms specifically attributable to AdV. Seven paediatric @entity1 with AdV viraemia were pre-emptively treated with @entity5371 or @entity7076 and in three of them disseminated @entity9504 was related to a fatal outcome. CONCLUSIONS: Disseminated @entity9504 following allo- @entity12497 was a rare event in the adults and cause morbidity in a minority of these @entity1 . In four of five adult @entity1 , spontaneous clearance of AdV viraemia occurred. Results did not differ between the conditioning regimens that were applied in the adult cohort.

title: Assessment of disseminated XXXX using quantitative plasma PCR in adult allogeneic stem cell transplant recipients receiving reduced intensity or myeloablative conditioning.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity9504 :: ('MESH:D000257', 'Disease') :: ['AdV infection', 'AdV disease', 'AdV infections', 'adenovirus (AdV) infections']

entities_list: @entity7076 :: ('MESH:C059262', 'Chemical') :: ['cidofovir']

entities_list: @entity5371 :: ('MESH:D012254', 'Chemical') :: ['ribavirin']

answer: @entity9504 :: (MESH:D000257,Disease) :: ['adenovirus infections']


abstract: Our previous studies in @entity191 have shown that both @entity3034 and expectancy of receiving @entity3034 reduce cortical excitability. We designed this study to evaluate how degree of expectancy and other individual factors modulate placebo response in @entity191 @entity1 . Twenty-six @entity191 @entity1 were randomized to 1 of 3 groups: 0%, 50%, and 100% expectancy of receiving @entity3034 . All subjects received placebo regardless of expectancy group. Subjects completed the NEO-Five Factor Inventory, General Perceived Self-Efficacy Scale, and Perceived Stress Scale. Cortical excitability was measured by the amplitude of motor-evoked potential (MEP) evoked by transcranial magnetic stimulation. Objective physical fatigue of extensor carpi radialis before and after placebo @entity3034 was also measured. Responders were defined as subjects who responded to the placebo @entity3034 with a decrease in MEP. Degree of expectancy had a significant effect on MEP response (P   <   .05). Subjects in the 50% and 100% expectancy groups responded with a decrease in MEP, whereas those in the 0% expectancy group responded with an increase in MEP (P   <   .05). Responders tended to be more open to experience than nonresponders. There were no significant changes in objective physical fatigue between the expectancy groups or between responders and nonresponders. Expectancy is associated with changes in cortical excitability. Further studies are needed to examine the relationship between personality and placebo effect in @entity191 @entity1 .    2013 @entity717 Society.

title: Effect of expectancy and personality on cortical excitability in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['Movement Disorder']

entities_list: @entity3034 :: ('MESH:D007980', 'Chemical') :: ['levodopa']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease", "Parkinson's"]

answer: @entity191 :: (MESH:D010300,Disease) :: ['Parkinson's disease']


abstract: A @entity3881 mutant is described which forms heat-resistant spores only in the presence of external @entity10044 ( @entity16771 ). The mutation, @entity16771 -1, is localized in a new sporulation locus, linked to pyrA. The @entity16771 -1 strain is unable to synthesize @entity16771 but can incorporate external @entity16771 . The amount of @entity16771 incorporated, the frequency of heat-resistant spores and their degree of resistance are all dependent on the concentration of external @entity16771 . Spores of @entity16771 - 1 strains exhibit normal resistance to most chemicals, including @entity10333 and @entity3636 , but not to @entity1068 , @entity4605 , @entity3971 and @entity2804 . Complete resistance to the latter group depends on @entity16771 . @entity16771 incorporation is slow and apparently requires an energy supply but not protein synthesis. Direct involvement of @entity16771 in the heat-resistance of the spores is suggested. Thin sections of @entity16771 -less spores exhibit clearly visible cytoplasmic membranes and ribosomes. These structures are absent or less visible in the core of spores obtained with added @entity16771 .

title: A XXXX mutant requiring @entity10044 for the development of heat-resistant spores.

entities_list: @entity10044 :: ('MESH:C004860', 'Chemical') :: ['dipicolinic acid']

entities_list: @entity4605 :: ('MESH:C023666', 'Chemical') :: ['pyridine']

entities_list: @entity3636 :: ('MESH:D002725', 'Chemical') :: ['chloroform']

entities_list: @entity2804 :: ('MESH:D014238', 'Chemical') :: ['trichloroacetic acid']

entities_list: @entity3881 :: ('1423', 'Species') :: ['Bacillus subtilis']

answer: @entity3881 :: (1423,Species) :: ['Bacillus subtilis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: During @entity0 treatment, a decline in quality of life and the @entity1 's psychological well-being is observed. The purpose of this study was to assess levels of quality of life and @entity458 during @entity0 treatment. METHODS: Utilizing a longitudinal design, @entity1 with @entity0 were assessed at three time-points during treatment. The within-subject analysis of variance was conducted to compare subscales of quality of life. Linear regression analyses were utilized to determine the contribution of @entity458 to the quality of life at each time assessment. RESULTS: Significant differences between the assessment times on the physical subscale (p < 0.001), socio-family (p < 0.01) and emotional well-being (p < 0.001) were showed. Specific domain-related @entity0 and @entity458 (p < 0.05) were significant during the assessment period. No difference was found on the total quality of life score within the three points of reference for treatment. The regression analysis revealed that after treatment, @entity458 showed a higher percentage of variance of the quality of life (62.6%) compared to other treatment time-points. CONCLUSIONS: Significant changes to the quality of life and @entity458 subscales are seen during @entity0 treatment. The degree to which @entity458 affected quality of life varied over the illness continuum. Health professionals should pay attention to the variability of the emotional support and care needs of @entity1 with @entity5 at different times of treatment.

title: Longitudinal assessment of distress and quality of life in the early stages of XXXX treatment.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['psychological distress']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathophysiology of @entity955 ( @entity955 ). The @entity273 ( @entity5568 ) mainly underlies the cellular oxidative stress and free radicals. Left atrium (LA) is the most important @entity955 substrate. However, the effects of @entity5568 on the action potential (AP) and ionic currents in LA myocytes have not been fully elucidated. METHODS: The whole-cell patch clamp was used to investigate the APs and ionic currents of L-type @entity460 current (ICa-L), transient outward currents (Ito), ultra-rapid delayed rectifier @entity972 current (IKur), delayed rectifier @entity972 currents (IK), inward rectifier @entity972 current (IK1), and @entity1372 - @entity460 exchanger (NCX) before and after @entity5568 (100  M) in isolated @entity95 LA myocytes. RESULTS: @entity5568 (100  M) shortened by 50% (from 40    7 to 21    5 ms) and 90% the AP duration (from 95    12 to 74    11 ms) in LA myocytes (n = 9), but did not change the resting membrane potentials. The @entity5568 (100  M) decreased Ito, but increased IKur and IK. @entity5568 (100  M) also reduced the ICa-L and the reverse mode NCX. However, @entity5568 (100  M) did not change IK1. CONCLUSIONS: @entity5568 directly modulated the AP morphology and ionic currents in LA myocytes, which may contribute to the genesis of @entity955 in oxidative stress. KEY WORDS: Action potential; Ionic current; Oxidative stress.

title: XXXX Modulates Electrophysiological Characteristics of Left Atrial Myocytes.

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

entities_list: @entity273 :: ('MESH:D006861', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrogen peroxide']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation', 'AF']

answer: @entity273 :: (MESH:D006861,Chemical) :: ['Hydrogen Peroxide']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Although systemic @entity230 in @entity1274 ( @entity1274 ) appears to be the most effective and the most widely accepted treatment today, a significant number of @entity1 do not respond to @entity134 treatment or they cannot receive @entity230 for medical reasons. Intratympanic (IT) administration of @entity230 appears to be an alternative or additional method of management without the side effects of intravenous @entity230 . The aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness and safeness of IT administration of @entity230 in @entity1 who had not responded to IV treatment and to compare treatment efficacy with controls. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: Our study consisted of 37 @entity1 with @entity1274 who, at the end of 10 days of therapy with intravenous @entity230 as a 1st line treatment, had pure-tone 4-frequency (0.5, 1, 2, and 4 kHz) average (PTA) of worse than 30 dB or worse than 10 dB from the contralateral ear (defined as failed intravenous treatment). They were randomized into 2 groups, treatment and control. The 19 @entity1 of the treatment group received approximately 0.5 mL sterile aqueous suspension of @entity8745 in a concentration of 80 mg/2 mL by direct injection. The procedure was carried out 4 times within a 15-day period. An audiogram was performed before each injection and approximately 1.5 months after the last session. RESULTS: All @entity1 tolerated the procedure well. No perforation or infection was noticed in any of the @entity1 at their last visit. With regard to the 19 @entity1 who received intratympanic treatment, in 9 @entity1 , the PTA threshold improved more than 10 db, in 10 @entity1 there was no change greater than 10 db, and no @entity1 deteriorated more than 10 db. In the control group, none of the @entity1 showed any change greater than 10 db. The difference was statistically significant (P = 0.002). The treatment group showed an improvement in mean PTA of 14.9 dB, whereas the control group showed a deterioration of 0.8 dB, and this difference also was statistically significant (P = 0.0005). IT treatment (P = 0.0001), better post-IV PTA (P = 0.0008), and absence of vertigo (P = 0.02) were good predictors of the outcome. In contrast, sex, age, affected ear, days to admission, and pattern of the initial audiogram showed no significant influence on the outcome. CONCLUSION AND SIGNIFICANCE: IT @entity134 administration after failed intravenous @entity230 is a safe and effective treatment in @entity1274 .

title: Intratympanic @entity134 treatment in XXXX : a control study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity1274 :: ('MESH:D006319', 'Disease') :: ['SSHL', 'sudden sensorineural hearing loss']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity8745 :: ('MESH:C000873', 'Chemical') :: ['methylprednisolone acetate']

answer: @entity1274 :: (MESH:D006319,Disease) :: ['idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss']