abstract: CONTEXT: @entity205 ( @entity9472 ) is one of the most important immunosuppressive agents. However, its clinical use is strongly limited by several side effects including hepatotoxicity which remains a major clinical problem. Involvement of reactive @entity26 species (ROS) in @entity9472 -induced hepatotoxicity has been reported. OBJECTIVE: This study investigates the potential protective role of @entity3505 germ oil (WGO) as an antioxidant against @entity9472 -induced hepatotoxicity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-four male @entity35 albino @entity35 (six animals in each group) received castor oil, the vehicle of @entity9472 i.p. (control) or either @entity9472 (25   mg/kg/d i.p.), WGO (900   mg/kg/d by oral gavage), or @entity9472 in combination with WGO daily for 21   d. RESULTS: @entity9472 administration significantly increased serum levels of the liver enzymes @entity3929 aminotransferase (ALT) and @entity5906 aminotransferase (AST). In addition, an increase in lipid peroxidation, @entity1506 ( @entity1506 ), and @entity4026 expression were observed in hepatic tissues of @entity9472 -alone-treated @entity35 . Furthermore, significant reduction in the hepatic content of @entity2041 ( @entity6172 ), @entity224 dismutase (SOD), and @entity12609 (CAT) was also observed in @entity9472 -alone-treated animals. Moreover, histopathological changes occurred in @entity9472 -alone-treated @entity35 . Concomitant administration of WGO along with @entity9472 improved all these parameters. Most interestingly, the immunosuppressive effect of @entity9472 was not affected by WGO. CONCLUSION: The present study suggests that concomitant use of WGO might be useful in reducing liver @entity137 induced by @entity9472 via inhibition of ROS, @entity1506 , and @entity4026 expression.

title: Molecular mechanisms of the protective role of @entity3505 germ oil against @entity205 -induced hepatotoxicity in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity2041 :: ('MESH:D005978', 'Chemical') :: ['reduced glutathione']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['Cyclosporin A']

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity259 , which is rare in pediatric @entity1 (age 0-18 years) but more common in adolescent and young adult (AYA) @entity1 (age 15-39 years), carries the potential for morbidity and mortality. METHODS: Hybrid-capture-based comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) was performed prospectively on 512 consecutively submitted @entity259 , including 58 from pediatric and AYA (PAYA) @entity1 , to identify genomic alterations (GAs), including base substitutions, insertions/deletions, copy number alterations, and rearrangements. This PAYA data series includes 41 @entity1 with @entity3557 ( @entity3557 ), 3 with @entity2867 ( @entity2867 ), and 14 with @entity259 ( @entity259 ). RESULTS: GAs were detected in 93% (54/58) of PAYA cases, with a mean of 1.4 GAs per case. In addition to @entity817 @entity8554 mutations, detected in 46% (19/41) of PAYA @entity3557 cases and in 1 of 3 AYA @entity2867 cases, oncogenic fusions involving @entity8958 , @entity2250 , @entity13820 , and @entity7041 were detected in 37% (15/41) of PAYA @entity3557 and 33% (1/3) of AYA @entity2867 cases. Ninety-three percent (13/14) of @entity259 @entity1 harbored @entity8958 alterations, including 3 novel insertions/deletions in exons 6 and 11. Two of these @entity259 @entity1 with novel alterations in @entity8958 experienced clinical benefit from @entity4733 treatment. CONCLUSION: CGP identified diverse clinically relevant GAs in PAYA @entity1 with @entity259 , including 83% (34/41) of @entity3557 cases harboring activating kinase mutations or activating kinase rearrangements. These genomic observations and index cases exhibiting clinical benefit from targeted therapy suggest that young @entity1 with advanced @entity259 can benefit from CGP and rationally matched targeted therapy. The Oncologist 2017;22:1-9 IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: The detection of diverse clinically relevant genomic alterations in the majority of pediatric, adolescent, and young adult @entity1 with @entity259 in this study suggests that comprehensive genomic profiling may be beneficial for young @entity1 with papillary, anaplastic, or @entity259 , particularly for advanced or refractory cases for which clinical trials involving molecularly targeted therapies may be appropriate.

title: Pediatric, Adolescent, and Young Adult XXXX Harbors Frequent and Diverse Targetable Genomic Alterations, Including Kinase Fusions.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3557 :: ('MESH:C536915', 'Disease') :: ['papillary thyroid carcinoma', 'PTC']

entities_list: @entity4733 :: ('MESH:C452423', 'Chemical') :: ['vandetanib']

entities_list: @entity259 :: ('MESH:D013964', 'Disease') :: ['medullary thyroid carcinoma', 'MTC', 'thyroid carcinomas', 'Thyroid carcinoma', 'thyroid carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity2867 :: ('MESH:D065646', 'Disease') :: ['ATC', 'anaplastic thyroid carcinoma']

answer: @entity259 :: (MESH:D013964,Disease) :: ['Thyroid Carcinoma']


abstract: 1. Undesirable absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion properties are the cause of many drug development failures and this has led to the need to identify such problems earlier in the development process. This work highlights computational (in silico) approaches used to identify characteristics influencing the metabolism of @entity858 ( @entity858 )-glucuronosyltransferase ( @entity6900 ) substrates. @entity858 -glucuronosyltransferase facilitates conjugation between @entity8686 and a nucleophilic site within a substrate and is one of the major drug-metabolizing enzymes. 2. An understanding of the relevant structural and chemical characteristics of the ligand and the enzyme active site will lead to greater utilization of metabolically relevant structural information in drug design. However, an X-ray crystal structure of @entity6900 is not yet available, little has been reported about important structurally or catalytically relevant @entity1522 and only recently has the reported substrate profile of @entity6900 isoforms reached an interpretable level. 3. A database of all the known substrates and non-substrates for each @entity1 @entity6900 isoform was assembled and a range of modelling approaches assessed. Currently, pharmacophore models developed using Catalyst (Accelrys, San Diego, CA, USA) indicate that substrates of the @entity6900 family share two key hydrophobic regions 3 and 6-7 A from the site of glucuronidation in a well-defined spatial geometry. Furthermore, two-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship models show significant reliance on substrate lipophilicity and a range of other descriptors that are known to capture information relevant to ligand-protein interactions. 4. In conclusion, substrate-based modelling of @entity6900 appears both useful and feasible, with significant potential for determining aspects of chemical structure associated with metabolism and to quantify the nature of the relationship for @entity6900 substrates. The development of a novel, user-defined 'glucuronidation feature' for alignment was crucial to the development of pharmacophore-based @entity6900 models.

title: In silico insights: chemical and structural characteristics associated with XXXX -glucuronosyltransferase substrate selectivity.

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity858 :: ('MESH:D014530', 'Chemical') :: ['Uridine diphosphate', 'UDP', 'uridine diphosphate']

entities_list: @entity8686 :: ('MESH:D020723', 'Chemical') :: ['glucuronic acid']

answer: @entity858 :: (MESH:D014530,Chemical) :: ['uridine diphosphate']


abstract: BACKGROUND: With increasing use of chest computed tomography scans, indeterminate pulmonary nodules are frequently detected as an incidental finding and present a diagnostic challenge. Tissue biopsy followed by histological review and immunohistochemistry is the gold standard to obtain a diagnosis and the most common malignant finding is a primary @entity2220 . Our objective was to determine whether an intraoperative optical biopsy (molecular imaging) may provide an alternative approach for determining if a pulmonary nodule is a primary @entity2220 . METHODS: Before surgery, 30 @entity1 with an indeterminate pulmonary nodule were intravenously administered a @entity1501 receptor-targeted fluorescent contrast agent specific for @entity2220 . During surgery, the nodule was removed and the presence of fluorescence (optical biopsy) was assessed in the operating room to determine if the nodule was a primary @entity420 . Standard-of-care frozen section and immunohistochemical staining on permanent sections were then performed as the gold standard to validate the results of the optical biopsy. RESULTS: Optical biopsies identified 19 of 19 (100%) primary @entity420 . There were no false positive or false negative diagnoses. An optical biopsy required 2.4 minutes compared to 26.5 minutes for frozen section (P<0.001) and it proved more accurate than frozen section in diagnosing @entity2220 . CONCLUSIONS: An optical biopsy has excellent positive predictive value for intraoperative diagnosis of @entity2220 . With refinement, this technology may prove to be an important supplement to standard pathology for examining close surgical margins, identifying lymph node involvement, and determining whether suspicious nodules are malignant.

title: The Optical Biopsy: A Novel Technique for Rapid Intraoperative Diagnosis of Primary XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2220 :: ('MESH:C538231', 'Disease') :: ['lung adenocarcinomas', 'primary lung adenocarcinomas', 'lung adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary adenocarcinomas', 'pulmonary adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity420 :: (MESH:D000230,Disease) :: ['Pulmonary Adenocarcinomas']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 183 Background: @entity158 is associated with shorter survival in @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ). @entity2 cells express opioid receptors. Opioids promote angiogenesis, @entity5 growth and @entity3 , and shorten survival in animal models. METHODS: To examine if long-term opioid requirement, independently of @entity1118 , is associated with survival, we studied 209 @entity1 treated with chemotherapy for stage IIIB/IV @entity1149 . @entity158 was stratified by proportion of time @entity1 reported specific levels of @entity158 . Opioids were converted to oral @entity1286 equivalents (OME) for comparison. The effects of @entity158 , opioid requirement, and known prognostic variables on survival were analyzed in univariable and multivariable models. RESULTS: Both severity of @entity158 and greater opioid requirement in first 90 days after starting chemotherapy were strongly predictive of shorter survival on univariable analysis. @entity1 with no/mild @entity1118 and requiring <5 mg/day OME during first 90 days had nearly 12 months longer median survival compared to @entity1 requiring >= 5 mg/day OME and/or experiencing more @entity158 . Differences in survival remained remarkably similar when @entity1118 and opioid requirement were assessed over the entire clinical course (until death or last follow-up). In multivariable models, both opioid requirement and @entity1118 remained independent predictors of survival, after adjustment for age, stage and performance status. CONCLUSIONS: Severity of chronic @entity5 or greater opioid requirement are associated with shorter survival in advanced @entity1149 , independently of known prognostic factors. While @entity158 adversely influences prognosis, controlling it with opioids does not improve survival. Prospective studies should determine if achieving @entity158 control using opioid-sparing approaches improves outcomes.

title: Association of opioid requirement and @entity5 with survival in advanced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer-related pain']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['Lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that inactivation of virtually any component within the pathway containing the @entity5345 and @entity2674 proteins would increase the risks for @entity706 and @entity1778 . In @entity1 who do not have @entity5345 or @entity2674 gene mutations, the encoded proteins prevent @entity5344 . However @entity5345 and @entity2674 proteins have multiple functions including participating in a pathway that mediates repair of DNA double strand breaks by error-free methods. Inactivation of @entity5345 , @entity2674 or any other critical protein within this " @entity5345 pathway" due to a gene mutation should inactivate this error-free repair process. DNA fragments produced by double strand breaks are then left to non-specific processes that rejoin them without regard for preserving normal gene regulation or function, so rearrangements of DNA segments are more likely. These kinds of rearrangements are typically associated with some @entity706 and @entity1778 . METHODS: Literature searches produced about 2500 epidemiology and basic science articles related to the @entity5345 pathway. These articles were reviewed and copied to a database to facilitate access. Meta-analyses of statistical information compared risks for @entity1583 vs. mutations for the components in a model pathway containing @entity6069 gene products. RESULTS: Deleterious mutations of genes encoding proteins virtually anywhere within the @entity5345 pathway increased risks up to nearly 2000 fold for certain @entity1778 and @entity706 . Cancers with large increases in risk included @entity1073 , @entity3052 , @entity981 , @entity1072 , and @entity6491 . @entity1073 is defined by a characteristic rearrangement of DNA fragments interchanged between chromosomes 11 and 14. DNA translocations or rearrangements also occur in significant percentages of the other @entity5 . CONCLUSION: An important function of the @entity5345 pathway is to prevent a subgroup of @entity1 @entity1778 and @entity706 that may involve non-random, characteristic gene rearrangements. Here, the @entity74 in @entity5345 pathway deficiencies is a chromosomal misrepair syndrome that may facilitate this subgroup of somatic @entity5 . Inactivation of a single gene within the pathway can increase risks for multiple @entity5 and inactivation of a different gene in the same pathway may have similar effects. The results presented here may have clinical implications for surveillance and therapy.

title: The @entity6069 pathway prevents XXXX in addition to @entity5344 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'people']

entities_list: @entity981 :: ('MESH:D054198', 'Disease') :: ['acute lymphocytic leukemia']

entities_list: @entity5344 :: ('MESH:D061325', 'Disease') :: ['breast/ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers']

entities_list: @entity1072 :: ('MESH:D015451', 'Disease') :: ['chronic lymphocytic leukemia']

entities_list: @entity6491 :: ('MESH:D015463', 'Disease') :: ['prolymphocytic leukemia']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute myeloid leukemia']

entities_list: @entity1778 :: ('MESH:D007938', 'Disease') :: ['leukemias']

entities_list: @entity1583 :: ('MESH:D019337', 'Disease') :: ['hematologic cancers']

entities_list: @entity1073 :: ('MESH:D020522', 'Disease') :: ['mantle cell lymphoma', 'Mantle cell lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['genetic defect']

answer: @entity1583 :: (MESH:D019337,Disease) :: ['hematologic cancers']


abstract: Two experiments were conducted to determine the response of Creole male @entity1237 treated with long days and @entity2493 implants, and the response of the anovulatory does to male effect using males treated only with artificially long days. All animals were allocated to open sheds. In Exp. 1, one group of males was under natural photoperiod (CG; n = 7); the second group was submitted to 2.5 mo of long days followed by the insertion of two s.c. melatonin implants (LD+ @entity17506 ; n = 7); the third group was subjected only to 2.5 mo of long days (LD; n = 7). Testicular weight was measured every 2 wk. Plasma @entity251 concentrations were determined weekly. A treatment x time interaction was detected (P < 0.001) for testicular weight and plasma @entity251 concentration. In the LD+ @entity17506 and LD groups, testicular size and plasma @entity251 levels varied in a similar way, but differed from those observed in CG (P < 0.001). In this latter group, testicular @entity353 and peaked in June, whereas in treated groups this peak occurred in March. In CG, @entity251 varied in a seasonal manner and plasma concentrations increased in June and remained elevated throughout the study. In experimental groups, @entity251 increased in February and peaked in March. In Exp. 2, one group of males was left under natural photoperiod (CG, n = 5) and the other one was submitted to 2.5 mo of artificially long days (LD, n = 4). On March 16, two control and two treated males were put in contact with 20 and 19 females, respectively. Sexual behavior of the bucks was observed during the 5 d following male introduction. @entity1420 assays and @entity146 were used to determine ovarian and behavioral responses of the females to teasing. The anogenital sniffing, nudging, and mount instances registered in LD-treated males were greater than those observed in CG (P < 0.05). Of the does exposed to CG, none ovulated and only two of 20 females displayed @entity146 . All does in contact with LD-treated males ovulated and showed at least one @entity146 during the 15 d following joining (P < 0.001). These results indicate that the sexual activity of male @entity1237 from subtropical latitudes can be induced using only artificially long days. In addition, males treated in this way are capable of stimulating sexual activity in anovulatory females by the male effect.

title: Induction of sexual activity in lactating anovulatory female XXXX using male @entity1237 treated only with artificially long days.

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight displayed seasonal variations']

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['Progesterone']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['estrous behavior']

entities_list: @entity2493 :: ('MESH:D008550', 'Chemical') :: ['melatonin']

answer: @entity1237 :: (9925,Species) :: ['goats']


abstract: Abundant data are available for direct anterior/posterior spine fusion (APF) and some for @entity2649 ( @entity2649 ), but only few studies from one institution compares the two techniques. One-hundred and thirty-three @entity1 were retrospectively analyzed, 68 having APF and 65 having @entity2649 . All @entity1 had symptomatic @entity1797 . Only those with one or two-level surgeries were included. Clinical chart and radiologic reviews were done, fusion solidity assessed, and functional outcomes determined by pre- and postoperative SF-36 and postoperative @entity717 Index (ODI), and a satisfaction questionnaire. The minimum follow-up was 24 months. The mean operating room time and hospital length of stay were less in the @entity2649 group. The @entity190 was slightly less in the @entity2649 group (409 vs. 480 cc.). Intra-operative complications were higher in the APF group, mostly due to vein lacerations in the anterior retroperitoneal approach. @entity260 were higher in the @entity2649 group due to graft material extruding against the nerve root or wound drainage. The @entity1516 rate was statistically equal (APF 17.6% and @entity2649 23.1%) and was higher than most published reports. Significant improvements were noted in both groups for the SF-36 questionnaires. The mean ODI scores at follow-up were 33.5 for the APF and 39.5 for the @entity2649 group. The @entity1 satisfaction rate was equal for the two groups.

title: Clinical and radiological outcome of anterior-posterior fusion versus transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion for symptomatic XXXX : a retrospective comparative study of 133 @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2649 :: ('MESH:C563613', 'Disease') :: ['TLIF', 'transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion']

entities_list: @entity1797 :: ('MESH:D055959', 'Disease') :: ['disc degeneration of the lumbar spine']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['Oswestry Disability']

entities_list: @entity1516 :: ('MESH:D011542', 'Disease') :: ['pseudarthrosis']

answer: @entity1797 :: (MESH:D055959,Disease) :: ['disc degeneration']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: In this phase I/II study, we explored the combination of @entity13850 with @entity11441 and Rituximab (BeRT) in @entity1 with r/r @entity706 ( @entity706 ) or @entity1073 ( @entity1073 ). @entity1 with 1-3 prior therapies received @entity11441 (90   mg/m(2), day 1+2) and Rituximab (375   mg/m(2), day 1) with @entity13850 in doses from 25 to 75   mg added on day 1, 8, 15 of a 28-day cycle. Fifteen (11 @entity1073 , 4 @entity706 ) @entity1 were included in the phase I. Median age was 73 years and median pretreatment number was 2. No formal dose-limiting @entity137 was observed. Dominant non-hematological side effects were fatigue in 11 (73%), @entity390 in 9 (60%), @entity33 in 7 (47%) and @entity391 in 6 @entity1 (40%). Cough, @entity294 , @entity221 and @entity1910 were observed in five @entity1 (33%) each. Grade 3/4 events included @entity1431 in 6 (40%), @entity1398 in 4 (27%) and @entity882 in 2 @entity1 (13%). An objective response was observed in 14/15 @entity1 (93%), including 5 complete response (33%; all @entity1073 ). After a median follow-up of 19 months, 67% of @entity1 are without signs of progression. @entity13850 can be safely added to BR with promising preliminary activity. Recruitment in phase II is ongoing. @entity1778 advance online publication, 1 May 2015; doi:10.1038/leu.2015.60.

title: Safety and efficacy of @entity13850 in combination with XXXX and Rituximab in relapsed mantle cell and @entity706 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity13850 :: ('MESH:C401859', 'Chemical') :: ['Temsirolimus']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['FL', 'follicular lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity11441 :: ('MESH:C001758', 'Chemical') :: ['Bendamustine']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['mucositis']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity1073 :: ('MESH:D020522', 'Disease') :: ['mantle cell lymphoma', 'MCL']

entities_list: @entity1431 :: ('MESH:D007970', 'Disease') :: ['leukopenia']

answer: @entity11441 :: (MESH:C001758,Chemical) :: ['Bendamustine']


abstract: The presence of a @entity1314 ( @entity1314 ) has been associated with certain types of poor treatment outcomes in @entity1 with @entity734 ( @entity734 ). The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of comorbid PDs in psychiatrically hospitalized adults with both non-SUD @entity74 and @entity734 , and to assess the relationship between @entity2270 and degree of pretreatment addiction severity and treatment outcome. METHOD: One hundred consecutive inpatients admitted to a mixed @entity5748 inpatient unit were assessed using semistructured interviews for @entity734 , non-SUD @entity74 , and PDs. Pretreatment severity was assessed using a modified version of the Addiction Severity Index (ASI). Outcome measures were assessed both during hospitalization and at an initial follow-up appointment after discharge. Statistical analyses were performed comparing dually diagnosed @entity1 with and without @entity2270 . RESULTS: A significant number (53%) of the @entity1 met criteria for at least one @entity1314 . Of the PDs, Cluster B PDs were the most prevalent, particularly @entity4225 (74%) and @entity10420 (66%). Dually diagnosed @entity1 without an @entity146 had less severe pretreatment severity measures. During hospitalization, @entity1 with @entity74 had higher levels of psychopathology on the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) subscales of sensitivity and hostility. However, there was no difference in overall degree of global improvement during hospitalization. During follow-up, @entity1 with @entity74 were significantly less likely to be compliant in attending their initial follow-up appointment. CONCLUSIONS: Dual diagnosis inpatients with PDs appear to improve as much as @entity1 without PDs during their inpatient hospitalizations; however, they appear to be less likely to be compliant with attending their initial follow-up appointment.

title: A comparison between dually diagnosed inpatients with and without XXXX and the relationship to treatment outcome.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4225 :: ('MESH:D001883', 'Disease') :: ['borderline personality disorder']

entities_list: @entity10420 :: ('MESH:D000987', 'Disease') :: ['antisocial personality disorder']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['Axis II diagnosis']

entities_list: @entity2270 :: ('MESH:C566610', 'Disease') :: ['Axis II psychopathology']

entities_list: @entity5748 :: ('MESH:D009105', 'Disease') :: ['dual diagnosis']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['Axis I disorders', 'Axis II disorders']

entities_list: @entity1314 :: ('MESH:D010554', 'Disease') :: ['PD', 'personality disorder']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['SUDs', 'substance use disorders']

answer: @entity2270 :: (MESH:C566610,Disease) :: ['Axis II comorbidity']


abstract: The use of @entity1670 , alone and in combination, for the treatment of @entity2299 in @entity1 with or at risk for @entity301 ( @entity301 ), is discussed. @entity65 is independently predicted not only by high levels of low-density lipoprotein @entity165 (LDL-C), but also low levels of high-density lipoprotein @entity165 (HDL-C) and elevated @entity1674 . Moreover, we now understand that LDL particle size and number are associated with differing levels of atherogenicity. @entity209 , increasingly being recognized as a marker for elevated cardiovascular risk, is associated with @entity2299 characterized by low HDL-C, high @entity1674 , and small, dense LDL particles. Controlled clinical studies have shown that @entity1670 therapy effectively increases HDL-C and lowers @entity412 and LDL-C levels while causing a shift toward larger, less atherogenic LDL particles. @entity1670 , alone or in combination, prevents progression and promotes regression of @entity301 and significantly reduces @entity301 -related morbidity and mortality. @entity1780 monotherapy causes modest increases in HDL-C and decreases @entity1674 , while more potently reducing LDL-C. Combinations of lipid-modifying agents may better address the full spectrum of @entity66 in some @entity1 . Investigations have shown that combining statin therapy with @entity1670 results in additive improvement in the major lipids and lipoproteins and improves clinical outcome. With recently broadened treatment recommendations, it seems likely that combination therapy will be increasingly deemed the appropriate choice for addressing a range of @entity14822 .

title: Advances in the understanding and management of XXXX : using @entity1670 -based therapies.

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['lipoprotein abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['CHD', 'coronary atherogenic lesions', 'coronary heart disease']

entities_list: @entity2299 :: ('MESH:D050171', 'Disease') :: ['dyslipidemia', 'atherogenic dyslipidemia']

entities_list: @entity14822 :: ('MESH:C562935', 'Disease') :: ['lipid abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity1670 :: ('MESH:D009525', 'Chemical') :: ['Niacin', 'niacin']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['Metabolic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['Cardiovascular risk']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity2299 :: (MESH:D050171,Disease) :: ['dyslipidemia']


abstract: CONTEXT: Perioperative fluid management in elderly poses considerable challenge to the anesthesiologist. The conventional crystalloid loading may not be a preferred regime in this subgroup of @entity1 since an exaggerated hemodynamic response is expected due to blunted sympathetic response and compromised cardiorespiratory system. AIMS: This study was designed in the elderly @entity1 for comparing efficacy, side-effects and limitations of prophylactic @entity6358 30 mg (intramuscular [i.m.]) versus @entity10050 3.5% 500 ml (intravenous [i.v.]) for the maintenance of blood pressure after @entity510 ( @entity510 ). SETTINGS AND DESIGN: The sample size of 100 elderly (age > 50 years) @entity1 undergoing orthopedic surgeries was administered @entity510 using @entity1341 0.5% heavy. The primary outcome of this study was the attenuation of @entity551 due to @entity510 using @entity6358 or @entity10050 3.5%. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 100 @entity1 were randomly allocated to receive @entity6358 30 mg i.m. 10 min before the institution of @entity510 in Group I and preloading with 500 ml of @entity10050 3.5% i.v. over 10 min prior to @entity510 in Group II. @entity1 in both groups were closely monitored for pulse rate, systolic blood pressure; any @entity551 , requirement of rescue therapy and adverse effects. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Results were interpreted using Student's t-test for parametric and Chi-square tests for nonparametric data. RESULTS: The incidence of @entity551 and requirement for rescue therapy was statistically less in Group I compared with Group II (P < 0.05). Heart rates were better maintained in Group I than Group II, with few hemodynamic adverse effects in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: @entity6358 30 mg i.m. given as pretreatment before @entity510 in elderly @entity1 was more effective for the prevention of post- @entity510 @entity551 .

title: @entity551 in elderly @entity1 undergoing orthopedic surgery, prophylactic @entity6358 versus XXXX 3.5.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity10050 :: ('MESH:D011097', 'Chemical') :: ['polygeline']

entities_list: @entity6358 :: ('MESH:D004809', 'Chemical') :: ['Ephedrine', 'ephedrine']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['subarachnoid block', 'SAB']

entities_list: @entity1341 :: ('MESH:D002045', 'Chemical') :: ['bupivacaine']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

answer: @entity10050 :: (MESH:D011097,Chemical) :: ['polygeline']


abstract: BACKGROUND/HYPOTHESES: @entity632 is a standard adjuvant therapy for @entity0 , and it significantly improves disease-free and overall survival. However, 3% to 20% of @entity0 @entity1 develop chronic @entity7863 changes and congestive @entity712 because of @entity632 therapy. @entity632 -induced @entity1370 is thought to be due to the increased generation of reactive @entity26 species within cardiac myocyte mitochondria. @entity7447 ( @entity7447 ) is a lipid-soluble antioxidant that may protect against mitochondrial reactive @entity26 species and thus prevent @entity632 -induced @entity1370 . Despite the potential benefits of @entity7447 in preventing @entity1370 , it is not known if @entity7447 diminishes the antineoplastic effects of @entity632 therapy. STUDY DESIGN: In vitro cell culture experiments. METHODS: @entity0 cell lines (MDA-MB-468 and BT549) were tested for their ability to uptake exogenous @entity7447 using high-performance liquid chromatography. @entity0 cell lines were then treated with @entity632 and a range of @entity7447 concentrations to determine the effect of @entity7447 on @entity632 's @entity137 . RESULTS: This study demonstrated that intracellular and mitochondrial @entity7447 concentrations increased substantially as higher exogenous concentrations were administered to @entity0 cells. @entity7447 had no effect on the ability of @entity632 to induce apoptosis or inhibit growth or colony formation in both the cell lines tested when applied over a wide dose range, which encompassed typical basal plasma levels and plasma levels above those typically achieved by supplemented @entity1 . CONCLUSION: The clinical testing of @entity7447 as a supplement to prevent @entity632 -induced @entity1370 requires confidence that it does not decrease the efficacy of chemotherapy. These results support the hypothesis that @entity7447 does not alter the antineoplastic properties of @entity632 . Further in vivo studies, as well as combination chemotherapy studies, would be reassuring before a large-scale clinical testing of @entity7447 as a cardioprotective drug.

title: Lack of effect of coenzyme q10 on @entity632 XXXX in @entity0 cell cultures.

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin', 'Doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['Breast cancer', 'breast cancer', 'early-stage breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity7863 :: ('MESH:D044542', 'Disease') :: ['cardiomyopathic']

entities_list: @entity1370 :: ('MESH:D066126', 'Disease') :: ['cardiotoxicity']

answer: @entity137 :: (MESH:D064420,Disease) :: ['cytotoxicity']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of @entity8454 photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) with the 585 nm pulsed dye laser. METHODS: A 5-year prospective study was performed with 12 male @entity1 with @entity9284 . Twenty percent ALA was sprayed into the larynx and activated with the 585 nm pulsed dye laser (PDL). Of the 12 @entity1 , four were not included (one lost to follow-up, two developed @entity5 , one @entity1185 ), which reduced the number to eight. Twenty-eight procedures were performed in these eight @entity1 ; 18 (64%) procedures were performed in the clinic setting. RESULTS: There was a 78% reduction (range, 10% to 100%) in the @entity9284 . No major side effects were noted. Mean follow-up was 34.5 months (range, 12 to 50 months). There were no statistical differences between the outpatient and operating room treatments. CONCLUSIONS: ALA-PDL PDT is effective and safe in treating @entity9284 in the awake clinic setting and reduces morbidity without sacrificing treatment efficacy.

title: @entity8454 585 nm pulsed dye laser photodynamic treatment of XXXX with atypia.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity1185 :: ('MESH:D010212', 'Disease') :: ['papillomatosis']

entities_list: @entity9284 :: ('MESH:D007642', 'Disease') :: ['keratosis', 'laryngeal keratosis']

entities_list: @entity8454 :: ('MESH:D000622', 'Chemical') :: ['aminolevulinic acid']

answer: @entity9284 :: (MESH:D007642,Disease) :: ['laryngeal keratosis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity8433 ( @entity8433 ) is one of the clinical phenotypes of @entity2383 and also known as sub-acute necrotizing @entity35423 . The disease has an incidence of 1 in 77,000 live births. Symptoms typically begin early in life and prognosis for @entity8433 @entity1 is poor. Currently, no clinically effective treatments are available. Suitable animal and cellular models are necessary for the understanding of the neuropathology and the development of successful new therapeutic strategies. In this study we used the @entity67834 knockout ( @entity67834 (-/-)) @entity19 , a model of @entity9714 . Ndusf4(-/-) @entity19 exhibit progressive @entity179 , which closely resemble the @entity1 @entity8433 phenotype. When dissecting @entity146 in animal models it is of great importance to apply translational tools that are clinically relevant. To distinguish @entity854 in @entity1 , simple walking tests can be assessed, but in animals this is not easy. This study is the first to demonstrate automated CatWalk gait analysis in the @entity67834 (-/-) @entity19 model. Marked differences were noted between @entity67834 (-/-) and control @entity19 in dynamic, static, coordination and support parameters. Variation of walking speed was significantly increased in @entity67834 (-/-) @entity19 , suggesting hampered and uncoordinated gait. Furthermore, decreased regularity index, increased base of support and changes in support were noted in the @entity67834 (-/-) @entity19 . Here, we report the ability of the CatWalk system to sensitively assess @entity854 in @entity67834 (-/-) @entity19 . This objective gait analysis can be of great value for intervention and drug efficacy studies in animal models for @entity2383 .

title: Gait analysis in a XXXX model resembling @entity8433 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'human']

entities_list: @entity35423 :: ('MESH:C563024', 'Disease') :: ['encephalomyelopathy']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['behavioral abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity8433 :: ('MESH:D007888', 'Disease') :: ['Leigh disease', 'LD']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['gait abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['neurodegeneration']

entities_list: @entity9714 :: ('MESH:C537475', 'Disease') :: ['mitochondrial complex I deficiency']

entities_list: @entity2383 :: ('MESH:D028361', 'Disease') :: ['mitochondrial disease', 'mitochondrial OXPHOS disorders']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: During embryogenesis, abnormal adhesion of the peritoneal folds induces a congenital band which can cause @entity1744 . @entity1 AND METHODS: From 1987 to 2001, 16 adult @entity1 underwent surgery for @entity1744 due to a congenital band. There were 8 @entity1 and 8 @entity1 with a mean age of 59 years (range 23-90). None presented previous abdominal surgery. RESULTS: Six @entity1 presented acute @entity490 the month before hospitalization. Among the 16 @entity1 , 9 were operated at admission, and 7 after initial surveillance. Suspected diagnosis before operation was @entity1744 in 8 cases (with a diagnosis of congenital band in 3); perforated duodenal @entity1066 (n = 2); @entity698 (n = 2); mesenteric @entity1188 (n = 1); diverticultis (n = 1); @entity2679 (n = 1); and strangulated @entity547 (n = 1). During operation performed through laparotomy or laparoscopy, a congenital band was noted in 100% of the cases, associated with @entity39 in 5. One @entity1 died postoperatively. CONCLUSION: Because @entity1744 by congenital band is a rare condition, it represents a frequent problem of diagnosis. In this situation, the possibility of @entity39 expose the @entity1 to a possible fatal outcome.

title: [ XXXX by a congenital band in 16 adults].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS', 'men']

entities_list: @entity698 :: ('MESH:D001064', 'Disease') :: ['appendicitis']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal necrosis']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarction']

entities_list: @entity2679 :: ('MESH:D002764', 'Disease') :: ['cholecystitis']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity1744 :: ('MESH:D043183', 'Disease') :: ['small bowel obstruction']

answer: @entity1744 :: (MESH:D043183,Disease) :: ['Small bowel obstruction']


abstract: The accuracy of the GlucoWatch G2 Biographer (GW2B; Cygnus, Inc., Redwood City, CA) was assessed in @entity1 and adolescents with @entity6 ( @entity6 ). During a 24-h clinical research center stay, 89 @entity1 and adolescents with @entity6 (3.5-17.7 years old) wore 174 GW2Bs and had frequent serum @entity413 determinations during the day and night and during insulin-induced @entity4053 and meal-induced @entity4854 , resulting in 3672 GW2B-reference @entity413 pairs. The median relative absolute difference between the GW2B and reference @entity413 values was 16% (25th, 75th percentiles = 7%, 29%). The proposed International Organisation for Standardisation criteria were met for 60% of sensor values. Accuracy was better at higher serum @entity413 levels than low @entity413 levels. Accuracy degraded slightly as the sensor aged. Time of day, subject age, gender, or body mass index did not impact GW2B accuracy. There were no cases of serious skin reactions. Although the accuracy of this generation of sensor does not approach that of current home @entity413 meters, the majority of sensor @entity413 values are within 20% of the serum @entity413 . This level of accuracy may be sufficient for detecting trends and modifying @entity6 management. Further longitudinal outpatient studies are needed to assess the utility of the GW2B as a management tool to improve glycemic control and decrease the incidence of severe @entity4053 in @entity1 with @entity6 .

title: The accuracy of the GlucoWatch G2 biographer in @entity1 with type 1 @entity6 : results of the XXXX in @entity1 network (DirecNet) accuracy study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['type 1 diabetes mellitus', 'T1DM', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity4053 :: ('MESH:D007003', 'Disease') :: ['hypoglycemia']

entities_list: @entity4854 :: ('MESH:D006943', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemia']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes research']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Low anterior resection with hand-sutured coloanal @entity254 for @entity5 is technically feasible, and it does not compromise oncologic results. We describe herein the effectiveness of the operation in treating @entity5 by a laparoscopic approach followed by intraanal canal dissection. METHODS: From February 1999 to October 1999, we used a laparoscopic procedure to divide the inferior mesenteric vessels and to dissect downward into the pelvic cavity as low as possible. A purse-string suture 1-cm distal to the lower margin of the @entity5 was secured and transection of the rectum was performed circumferentially via the anal canal near the dentate line. The specimen was removed by the pull-through method and coloanal @entity254 was completed with hand suture. A protective loop ileostomy was fashioned. RESULTS: We operated on 8 @entity1 (4 males) with @entity5 localization (average 4-cm above the dentate line). The age ranged from 45 to 83 years, with a median age of 64. The average operation time was 210 minutes (150 to 360 minutes), and the average @entity190 was 250 cc (minimal to 750 cc). No operative mortalities occurred, but 2 @entity1 had minor anastomotic slough complications. The average hospital stay was 13 days (7 to 26 days). The postoperative pathologic stage was T2N0M0 in 4 @entity1 , T3N0M0 in 2 @entity1 , T2N1M0 in 1 @entity1 , and T3N2M0 in 1 @entity1 . No local recurrence or distant @entity3 occurred during the median 14 months (12 to 20 months) of follow-up. CONCLUSION: @entity254 combined with intraanal canal dissection is safe and technically feasible. The oncologic results seem not to be compromised, but need further evaluation.

title: XXXX for @entity5 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'low rectal cancer', 'low tumor']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis', 'Laparoscopic coloanal anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity254 :: (MESH:C563598,Disease) :: ['Laparoscopic coloanal anastomosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: TO assess the prognostic value of immunocytochemically assessed @entity5282 expression and DNA flow cytometry data in @entity0 . STUDY DESIGN: This prospective study with long-term follow-up evaluated the above parameters in relation to overall survival in 392 @entity1 with @entity0 (stages IIB, n = 106; IIIA, n = 66; IIIB, n = 174; and IV, n = 46) using fine needle aspiration cytology. RESULTS: @entity172 and @entity1420 receptor positivity was detected in 65.1% and 46.1% of the @entity5 , respectively. DNA @entity2007 was present in 70.9% of the cases, and the median S-phase fraction (SPF) was 9.4%. There was a significant correlation of @entity2007 and high SPF with lack of hormone receptors. The median SPF and SPF tertiles (cutoff values, 6.5% and 12%), applied in the whole series, showed a significant correlation with survival, whereas if SPF was used according to ploidy status, no prognostic significance was found. No differences in relation to survival among different DNA @entity2007 subclasses were verified. In univariate analysis, clinical staging, hormone receptors, DNA ploidy and SPF showed a statistically significant correlation with the overall survival. In multivariate analysis only DNA ploidy did not maintain independent prognostic significance. CONCLUSION: @entity5282 expression and flow cytometric SPF are independent prognostic factors in @entity0 .

title: Independent prognostic value of XXXX expression and S-phase fraction in @entity0 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['Estrogen']

entities_list: @entity2007 :: ('MESH:D000782', 'Disease') :: ['aneuploidy']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['advanced breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity5282 :: ('3164', 'Gene') :: ['hormone receptor', 'Hormone receptor']

answer: @entity5282 :: (3164,Gene) :: ['hormone receptor']


abstract: @entity65 is prevalent among @entity1 with @entity64 ; thus, cardiologists frequently treat @entity1 at high risk for @entity64 . Results from recent clinical trials of antiplatelet medications, given alone or in combination, may be of special interest to cardiologists. The MATCH study demonstrated no significant difference between @entity1397 alone and @entity1397 plus @entity117 in reducing risk of vascular events after @entity64 or transient @entity63 attack. A 1.3% increased risk of major @entity548 was associated with @entity1397 plus @entity117 . In CHARISMA, @entity1397 plus @entity117 did not reach statistical significance vs. placebo plus @entity117 in reducing incidence of @entity583 ( @entity583 ), @entity64 , or @entity204 from cardiovascular causes in @entity1 with stable @entity66 ; @entity1397 was associated with an increase in moderate @entity548 . These results suggest that @entity1397 plus @entity117 may be inappropriate as first-line therapy for secondary @entity64 prevention. In @entity1 with established @entity65 at risk for @entity583 or other vascular events, physicians must weigh the benefits and risks before choosing this therapy. Selection of an antiplatelet agent must be based on @entity1 history, including previous @entity583 and @entity64 , susceptibility to @entity548 , and other high-risk factors (e.g. advanced age and @entity6 ). @entity117 plus extended-release @entity4341 may be more effective than @entity1397 for preventing @entity64 in high-risk @entity1 . This article strives to put MATCH and CHARISMA results into context by providing an overview of antiplatelet therapy, including relevant clinical trial results, a review of current practice guidelines, and a summary of an ongoing study that will improve clinical decision making.

title: Antiplatelet therapy in @entity66 : implications of Management of Artherothrombosis with @entity1397 in High-risk XXXX and the @entity1397 for High Artherothrombotic Risk and Ischemic Stabilization, Management, and Avoidance studies' results for cardiologists.

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['atherothrombotic disease']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity1397 :: ('MESH:C055162', 'Chemical') :: ['clopidogrel']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['Aspirin', 'aspirin']

entities_list: @entity4341 :: ('MESH:D004176', 'Chemical') :: ['dipyridamole']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'MI']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['Cardiovascular disease', 'cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: Objective: @entity8241 (BPA) is considered as an endocrine-disruptor in which @entity1 are exposed daily mainly by food-contact products, toys, recycled paper and drinking containers. In this study, we validated a method for the isolation and the detection of BPA in @entity1 head hair samples and estimated the burden of BPA in hair of Greek population. Methods: Hair samples were collected from 69 volunteers. The isolation of the BPA was performed by solid-liquid extraction with @entity1042 and its determination by a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry technique. Results: The limits of quantification (LOQ=9.7pgmg(-1)), the accuracy (92.6%), the precision (inter 15.3%, intra 13.0%), the ion suppression (<8.1%) and the recovery (88.3%) of the method were found satisfactory. Differences in the detection rates of the positive samples as well in detected levels of BPA between rural and urban population were observed. The 41.2% of the samples collected from urban population were positive whereas the positive samples from rural population were 14.8% (p=0.025). The mean concentration of the positive samples for the urban population was 64.1pgmg(-1) (17.7-192.8pgmg(-1)), for the rural population 40.3pgmg(-1) (13.1-72.8pgmg(-1)) and for the @entity1 37.9pgmg(-1) (13.1-72.8pgmg(-1)). Significant statistical differences (p=0.021) were observed though between urban and rural population only when negative samples were replaced with LOD/2 values. Conclusion: The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of BPA in hair for the estimation of the population burden to BPA.

title: Biomonitoring of XXXX in hair of Greek population.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'humans', 'human']

entities_list: @entity8241 :: ('MESH:C006780', 'Chemical') :: ['Bisphenol A']

entities_list: @entity1042 :: ('MESH:D000432', 'Chemical') :: ['methanol']

answer: @entity8241 :: (MESH:C006780,Chemical) :: ['bisphenol A']


abstract: INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Evaluation of lower urinary tract function in @entity1 with @entity454 and lower urinary tract symptoms. @entity1 were screened before entering a renal transplantation program. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A diagnostic work-up including urodynamics was performed on 52 @entity1 (14 @entity1 , 38 @entity1 ) suffering from @entity177 due to chronic @entity631 (n = 25), @entity2316 (n = 15), chronic @entity2885 /stone disease (n = 9) and @entity8 (n = 3). RESULTS: Abnormalities in lower urinary tract function of different degrees were found in 40 @entity1 (77%). Major problems are bladder @entity56 (n = 31%), poor bladder compliance (38%), @entity1344 (25%) and detrusor-sphincter @entity2055 (33%). CONCLUSIONS: There is a high incidence of @entity1494 of different degrees in @entity1 with @entity177 . The clinical significance, especially in the long term, needs to be evaluated. However, a urodynamic assessment before renal transplantation is recommended in all @entity1 reporting symptoms of @entity409 and/or bladder storage problems in order to avoid allograft dysfunction due to chronic @entity1494 and related complications. Depending on the degree of @entity1494 an urodynamic follow-up after transplantation is necessary. If there are no symptoms and no history of lower urinary tract dysfunction an urodynamic assessment is not necessary.

title: XXXX and @entity454 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['polycystic kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bladder dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity2316 :: ('MESH:D003928', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic nephropathy']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['dysfunctional voiding']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['hypersensitivity']

entities_list: @entity1344 :: ('MESH:D043171', 'Disease') :: ['detrusor instability']

entities_list: @entity2885 :: ('MESH:D011704', 'Disease') :: ['pyelonephritis']

entities_list: @entity631 :: ('MESH:D005921', 'Disease') :: ['glomerulonephritis']

entities_list: @entity2055 :: ('MESH:D001259', 'Disease') :: ['dyssynergia']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage renal disease']

answer: @entity1494 :: (MESH:D001745,Disease) :: ['Bladder dysfunction']


abstract: The goal of this study was to determine the antitumor activity and @entity137 of @entity3600 ( @entity3600 ) plus recombinant interferon-alpha ( @entity3027 ) in @entity1 with recurrent @entity11 . As single agents, both @entity3600 and @entity3027 can cause @entity5 regression in @entity1 with recurrent @entity11 . In vitro studies suggest synergy between the two agents. Thirty-five @entity1 in whom computerized tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance (MR) evidence was obtained of progressive @entity816 , @entity816 , or @entity3271 received recombinant @entity3027 2a (12 x 10(6) U/m2 intramuscularly) on Days 1 through 3 and @entity3600 (150 mg/m2 intravenously) on Day 3 of each 6-week cycle. All @entity1 had @entity5 progression despite radiation therapy and had received no prior chemotherapy. Response was assessed by CT or MR evidence and by neurological examination while the @entity1 were on a regimen of stable or decreasing doses of @entity288 . All @entity1 could be evaluated for response and @entity137 . Twenty-nine percent of the @entity1 demonstrated objective @entity5 regression; 37% remained stable for more than 6 months and 25% were stable for less than 6 months. The median duration of response to @entity3027 and @entity3600 was 9.9 months and the median survival for all @entity1 was 13.3 months. @entity137 consisted primarily of moderate myelosuppression, @entity146 , @entity391 , flulike symptoms, and transient reversible exacerbation of underlying neurological symptoms. The use of @entity3600 plus @entity3027 is a safe, active regimen in the treatment of @entity1 with recurrent @entity11 who have failed to respond to prior radiation therapy. The contribution of IFN to the antitumor activity observed in this study compared with that previously described with @entity3600 alone cannot be assessed from this trial.

title: Phase II evaluation of recombinant interferon alpha and XXXX in recurrent @entity11 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'Toxicity']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['venous irritation']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity3600 :: ('MESH:D002330', 'Chemical') :: ['BCNU', '1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

entities_list: @entity816 :: ('MESH:D001254', 'Disease') :: ['oligoastrocytoma', 'astrocytoma']

entities_list: @entity3271 :: ('MESH:D009837', 'Disease') :: ['oligodendroglioma']

answer: @entity3600 :: (MESH:D002330,Chemical) :: ['BCNU']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 7231 Background: Although stereotactic radiosurgery is well established for the treatment of @entity1313 , its use for @entity2 is novel. We report preliminary results of SFSR in @entity1 with inoperable @entity2 in a phase I study. METHODS: Eligible @entity1 included those with inoperable early stage (T1-2N0) @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) or solitary lung metastases. Treatments were delivered via a linear accelerator mounted on a computer-control robotic arm (Cyberknife, Accuray, CA). Before treatment, all @entity1 underwent CT-guided metallic fiducial placement in the @entity5 for image guided targeting, which when combined with breath-holding ensures accurate @entity5 targeting. All radiation treatments were delivered in a single fraction. 9 to 10 @entity1 were treated per dose cohort starting at 15 Gy/fraction followed by dose escalation of 5-10 Gy/fraction. A minimal 3 month period is required between each dose level for monitoring @entity137 . RESULTS: Nineteen @entity1 (11 @entity1149 and 8 @entity3 ) were enrolled to date. The median age was 74 (range: 22-83). @entity5 size ranged from 1.5 to 5 cm in maximal dimension. Nine @entity1 received 15 Gy and 10 received 25 Gy. There were 2 complications related to fiducial placement - 1 pneumothorax requiring chest tube insertion and 1 @entity2415 exacerbation. One @entity1 with prior thoracic irradiation for a separate @entity418 developed grade 3 radiation @entity55 at 3 months post treatment. She subsequently died at 6 months post treatment with an enlarging @entity1143 in the face of both @entity1207 and @entity5 progression. For the remaining @entity1 , there was no obvious clinical decline in pulmonary function. 17 @entity1 were evaluable for radiographic response, which was scored as stable in 1, minor in 6, partial in 6 and complete in 4. 3 complete responders received 25 Gy. At a median follow up of 8 months (range 1-32), 4 have relapsed locally, all in the 15 Gy dose group. CONCLUSIONS: SFSR is feasible and well tolerated for the treatment of selected @entity2 . Additional dose escalation is underway to determine the optimal radiation dose and overall treatment efficacy. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: Single fraction stereotactic radiosurgery (SFSR) for XXXX - A phase I dose escalation trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1143 :: ('MESH:D010996', 'Disease') :: ['pleural effusion']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonitis']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancers']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung tumors']

entities_list: @entity2415 :: ('MESH:D004646', 'Disease') :: ['emphysema']

entities_list: @entity1207 :: ('MESH:D017564', 'Disease') :: ['radiation-pneumonitis']

entities_list: @entity418 :: ('MESH:D004938', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic tumors']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['lung tumors']


abstract: In spite of several years of experience with the use of cholinesterase inhibitors for treatment of symptoms of @entity195 their influence on disease progression remains still unclear. New cholinesterase inhibitors should provide an additional neuroprotective activity, because only substances which stop neuronal death can influence disease progression. New treatment strategies are focusing on amyloid processing, preventing the occurrence of toxic A beta(1-42) peptide. These procedures include the vaccination trials, but their clinical usefulness has to be proven. Also strategies focussing on neurofibrillary pathologies should be explored in detail. Drug development for @entity195 should include all pathological events associated with @entity179 , like oxidative stress, neuroinflammation or disturbances in growth factor signaling. Abnormal @entity6960 as a common feature of different @entity179 might also be a promising drug target. Beside beta sheet breakers directed against @entity527 the endogenous protein beta-synuclein or derivatives of it might be able to counteract aggregation of @entity8095 as well as of amyloid beta protein. Interaction with @entity8095 deserves special attention because it might be an early step of synaptic degeneration. Due to the complexity of the disease combination of different drugs might be the most promising way to go. The parallel development of early biological markers should enable intervention in @entity10094 stages.

title: Current drugs and future hopes in the treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity527 :: ('MESH:D058225', 'Disease') :: ['beta-amyloid deposition']

entities_list: @entity10094 :: ('MESH:D058070', 'Disease') :: ['pre-symptomatic disease']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['neurodegeneration', 'neurodegenerative diseases']

entities_list: @entity6960 :: ('MESH:D001796', 'Disease') :: ['protein aggregation']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["Alzheimer's disease"]

answer: @entity195 :: (MESH:D000544,Disease) :: ['Alzheimer's disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate radiochemotherapy (RChT)-induced changes of transfer coefficient (K(trans)) and relative @entity5 blood volume ( @entity11232 ) estimated by dynamic contrast-enhanced CT (DCE-CT) and fractal analysis in @entity135 ( @entity135 ). METHODS: DCE-CT was performed in 15 @entity1 with inoperable @entity135 before RChT, and after 2 and 5 weeks. The dynamics of K(trans) and @entity11232 as well as lacunarity, slope of log(lacunarity) vs log(box size), and fractal dimension were compared with @entity5 behaviour during RChT and in the 24-month follow-up. RESULTS: In 11 @entity1 , an increase of K(trans) and/or @entity11232 after 20   Gy followed by a decrease of both parameters after 50   Gy was noted. Except for one local recurrence, no @entity5 residue was found during the follow-up. In three @entity1 with partial @entity5 reduction during RChT, a decrease of K(trans) accompanied by an increase in @entity11232 between 20 and 50   Gy was detected. In one @entity1 with continuous elevation of both parameters, @entity5 progressed after RChT. Pre-treatment difference in intratumoral heterogeneity with its decline under RChT for the responders vs non-responders was observed. CONCLUSION: Initial growth of K(trans) and/or @entity11232 followed by further reduction of both parameters along with the decline of the slope of log(lacunarity) vs log(box size) was associated with positive radiochemotherapeutic response. Increase of K(trans) and/or @entity11232 under RChT indicated a poor outcome. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE: The modification of K(trans) and @entity11232 as measured by DCE-CT may be applied for the @entity5 sensitivity to chose RChT regimen and, consequently, to reveal clinical impact allowing individualization of RChT strategy in @entity1 with HNT.

title: Radiochemotherapy-induced changes of XXXX vascularity and blood supply estimated by dynamic contrast-enhanced CT and fractal analysis in @entity135 .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['assessment of tumour', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck tumours', 'HNTs']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumour']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: There is a growing understanding of the complexity of interplay between @entity65 in both health and disease. The medical profession has adopted the term " @entity9136 " ( @entity9136 ) to describe the pathophysiological relationship between the kidney and @entity299 . @entity9136 has yet to be formally defined and described by the veterinary profession and its existence and importance in @entity235 and @entity468 warrant investigation. The @entity9136 Consensus Group, comprising nine veterinary cardiologists and seven nephrologists from @entity4324 , sought to achieve consensus around the definition, pathophysiology, diagnosis and management of @entity235 and @entity468 with " @entity65 " (CvRD). To this end, the Delphi formal methodology for defining/building consensus and defining guidelines was utilised. METHODS: Following a literature review, 13 candidate statements regarding CvRD in @entity235 and @entity468 were tested for consensus, using a modified Delphi method. As a new area of interest, well-designed studies, specific to @entity9136 /CvRD, are lacking, particularly in @entity235 and @entity468 . Hence, while scientific justification of all the recommendations was sought and used when available, recommendations were largely reliant on theory, expert opinion, small clinical studies and extrapolation from data derived from other species. RESULTS: Of the 13 statements, 11 achieved consensus and 2 did not. The modified Delphi approach worked well to achieve consensus in an objective manner and to develop initial guidelines for CvRD. DISCUSSION: The resultant manuscript describes consensus statements for the definition, classification, diagnosis and management strategies for veterinary @entity1 with CvRD, with an emphasis on the pathological interplay between the two organ systems. By formulating consensus statements regarding CvRD in veterinary medicine, the authors hope to stimulate interest in and advancement of the understanding and management of CvRD in @entity235 and @entity468 . The use of a formalised method for consensus and guideline development should be considered for other topics in veterinary medicine.

title: XXXX in the domestic @entity235 and cat: a veterinary consensus statement.

entities_list: @entity9136 :: ('MESH:D059347', 'Disease') :: ['cardiorenal syndrome', 'CRS']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4324 :: ('MESH:C567261', 'Disease') :: ['Europe and North America']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart in disease']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['renal and cardiovascular systems', 'cardiovascular-renal disorders']

answer: @entity65 :: (MESH:D002318,Disease) :: ['Cardiovascular-renal axis disorders']


abstract: Usual @entity5436 (uVIN) is the most common @entity13711 type, generally related to a @entity1082 ) @entity281 . The incidence of uVIN has been increasing over the last decades, and a bimodal peak is observed at the age of 40-44 and over 55 years. Almost 40% of @entity1 with uVIN have a past, concomitant or future HPV-associated lesion of the lower genital tract. HPV-related @entity5 are associated with a persistent @entity1083 . The host immune response is of crucial importance in determining clearance or persistence of both @entity1083 and HPV-related @entity13711 . About 60% of the @entity1 present with symptoms. Clinical features of uVIN vary in site, number, size, shape, colour, and @entity75 . @entity66 is often present. Most uVIN lesions are positive at immunohistochemistry to @entity986 ( @entity986 ) and @entity986 (arf), but negative to @entity876 . Irrespective of surgical treatment used, uVIN recurrence rates are high. Positive margins do not predict the development of invasive disease and the need to re-excide the tissue around the scare remains to be demonstrated. Therefore, considering the low progression rate of uVIN and psycosexual sequelae, treatments should be as conservative as possible. Medical treatments available are mainly based on immunotherapy to induce normalisation of immune cell count in uVIN. None are approved by the food and drug administration (FDA) for the treatment of uVIN. If medical treatment is performed, adequate biopsies are required to reduce the risk of unrecognised invasive disease. Some studies suggest that failure to respond to immunotherapy might be related to a local immunosuppressive microenvironment, but knowledge of the uVIN microenvironment is limited. Moreover, our knowledge of the potential mechanisms involved in the escape of HPV-induced lesions from the immune system has many gaps. HPV vaccines have been demonstrated to be effective in preventing uVIN, with 94.9% efficacy in the HPV-naive population, while studies on therapeutic vaccines are limited. The low incidence of @entity13711 requires large multicentre studies to determine the best way to manage affected @entity1 and to investigate the immunological characteristics of the 'vulvar microenviroment' which leads to the persistence of HPV.

title: XXXX usual type-from the past to the future.

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['Multicentric disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancies']

entities_list: @entity1083 :: ('MESH:D030361', 'Disease') :: ['HPV infections', 'HPV infection']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['thickness of lesions']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection, predominantly type 16']

entities_list: @entity1082 :: ('10566', 'Species') :: ['human papillomavirus (HPV']

entities_list: @entity5436 :: ('MESH:D019048', 'Disease') :: ['vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia']

answer: @entity13711 :: (440900,Gene) :: ['VIN']


abstract: Gene therapy is the use of gene delivery as a means to achieve high levels of the therapeutic gene product (ie, "drug" delivery) to treat acquired @entity65 . @entity1 gene therapy for @entity65 is expected to provide important advances in therapeutic angiogenesis, @entity296 , myocardial regeneration and repair, restenosis, prevention of bypass graft failure, and risk-factor management. The data from ongoing phase 2 and future phase 3 studies will provide evidence to show whether therapeutic angiogenesis is effective, and these studies will identify the types of @entity1 who may benefit. An important therapeutic target is the cell cycle. Data from the Project in Ex-Vivo Vein Graft Engineering via Transfection (PREVENT) I and II studies suggest that a synthetic DNA decoy can sequester the E2F family of transcription factors and arrest cells at the gap period (G1) checkpoint. This mechanism prevents @entity1373 , which is associated with @entity731 and coronary graft failure. Administration of a myocardial protective gene (eg, @entity1446 oxygenase) via a recombinant adeno-associated virus vector reduces @entity1188 size in animal models of @entity63 and reperfusion. Other studies have shown that fractionated bone marrow stem cells promote @entity296 and regeneration in @entity583 . If applied in @entity1 , it will be possible to use a single administration of gene therapy to provide long-term prophylaxis against secondary coronary events and to promote @entity296 in @entity1 who have experienced an @entity1188 , as well as in those at high risk of @entity296 . In the future, new technology using stable gene integration may lead to the development of more effective and lifelong therapy for @entity6 , familial homozygous @entity1007 , and other @entity66 .

title: Predicting the future of @entity1 gene therapy for XXXX : what will the management of coronary artery disease be like in 2005 and 2010?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'patients', 'Human']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial repair', 'myocardial injury', 'myocardial protection']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity1007 :: ('MESH:D006937', 'Disease') :: ['hypercholesterolemia']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['acquired diseases']

entities_list: @entity1373 :: ('MESH:D006965', 'Disease') :: ['intimal hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease', 'cardiovascular diseases']

answer: @entity65 :: (MESH:D002318,Disease) :: ['cardiovascular diseases']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Because of their circulation through the blood, the multiplicity of receptor sites, and the diversity of functions, opioids may most accurately be designated as a hormone. Opioids modulate the intensity of @entity158 . In mammals, the opioid system has been modified to modulate social interactions as well (Panksepp and Watt, 2011). METHODS: Over 10,000 @entity1 encounters were observed on a neuropsychoanalytic addiction medicine service. Cold pressor times (CPT) were recorded before and after stimulation of the opioid system with low-dose @entity836 (LDN) for @entity1 after opioid @entity10518 and for @entity239 @entity1 . RESULTS: @entity1 maintained on opioids relate autistically. The cold, unrelated nature of their @entity1 interactions was reversed by @entity10518 from opioids. @entity239 @entity1 have difficulty participating in @entity1 relationships, as if they lack an ability to respond interpersonally, as do post- @entity10518 @entity1 . LDN improved @entity158 tolerance as shown by a significant increase on CPT for post @entity10518 @entity1 from 16 seconds to 55 seconds and in @entity239 @entity1 from 21 seconds to 42 seconds, and improved relatedness. The correlation of opioid prescribing increasing over time and @entity2438 prevalence increasing over time is highly significant. CONCLUSIONS: 1. Opioid-maintained @entity1 relate autistically. 2. @entity2438 is a @entity74 . 3. Fibromylagia is a @entity74 . 4. Low opioid tone caused by opioid maintenance or @entity239 can usually be reversed with low-dose @entity836 . 5. The increase in the incidence of @entity2438 may have been caused by the increase in use of opioids for @entity1337 during childbirth.

title: @entity239 , XXXX , and opioid addiction as natural and induced disorders of the endogenous opioid hormonal system.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'human', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity836 :: ('MESH:D009271', 'Chemical') :: ['naltrexone']

entities_list: @entity239 :: ('MESH:D005356', 'Disease') :: ['Fibromyalgia', 'fibromyalgia']

entities_list: @entity10518 :: ('MESH:C565043', 'Disease') :: ['detoxification']

entities_list: @entity1337 :: ('MESH:D000699', 'Disease') :: ['analgesia']

entities_list: @entity2438 :: ('MESH:D001321', 'Disease') :: ['autism', 'Autism']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['hyperopioidergic disorder', 'hypoopioidergic disorder']

answer: @entity2438 :: (MESH:D001321,Disease) :: ['autism']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity12040 is a chronic @entity1333 in young @entity1 of reproductive age. We aimed to obtain information on pregnancy in TA retrospectively. METHODS: @entity12040 @entity1 with history of pregnancy were included in this study. The evaluations included physical findings, serum @entity1851 , erythrocyte sedimentation rate as well as history and symptoms. Information about pregnancies, abortus, deliveries and newborns was obtained from medical records. Disease activity score, disease damage index appraised Kerr's criteria and @entity16 ( @entity16 ) and medication were recorded. RESULTS: Thirty-six @entity12040 @entity1 who had a total of 84 pregnancies were evaluated. The mean age of @entity1 ranged 24.5  6.6 years. Subclavian arteries (86%) were the most frequently involved vessels. We were able to complete the follow-up of ten @entity1 who had a pregnancy after diagnosis during the period of pregnancy. Two @entity1 who had renal artery involvement and active disease in third trimester suffered from @entity1468 and a worsening of @entity101 . In one of them, disease flared up in the third trimester. There was no active disease in the postpartum sixth month. @entity712 , @entity64 , @entity204 or @entity1779 at the time of delivery, @entity1763 and @entity154 were not seen in any of these @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: TA pregnancies may have a favourable outcome with regular follow-up schedule and close monitorisation of blood pressure.

title: Favourable pregnancy outcome in XXXX : a single centre experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['newborn anomalies']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['Maternal heart failure']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['cerebrovascular accident']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity1333 :: ('MESH:D014657', 'Disease') :: ['large-vessel vasculitis']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['vasculitis damage index', 'VDI']

entities_list: @entity12040 :: ('MESH:D013625', 'Disease') :: ['Takayasu arteritis']

entities_list: @entity1468 :: ('MESH:D011225', 'Disease') :: ['preeclampsia']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral hypoperfusion']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

answer: @entity12040 :: (MESH:D013625,Disease) :: ['Takayasu arteritis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of lymph node ratio (LNR), number of removed lymph nodes (RLNs), and number of negative lymph nodes (NLNs) in Chinese @entity1 with triple negative @entity0 . METHODS: The study cohort comprised 394 @entity0 @entity1 with the triple negative subtype. The log-rank test and Cox proportional hazards analysis was employed to identify prognostic clinicopathological factors. RESULTS: The median follow-up time was 61 months, and the five-year disease-free survival (DFS) and @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) were 63.75% and 64.97%, respectively. Univariate Cox survival analysis revealed that pN stage, LNR, and NLNs were significant prognostic factors for DFS and @entity1349 (all, p<0.05). Multivariate analysis including pN stage and LNR showed that LNR was an independent prognostic factor for DFS (p=0.047) and @entity1349 (p=0.0497). When combining pN stage, LNR, and NLNs together, only NLNs was an independent prognostic factor for DFS and @entity1349 (p=0.014). LNR is prognostically superior to pN stage in @entity1 with triple negative @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: Our study revealed that LNR and NLNs can provide additional prognostic value for DFS and @entity1349 . Moreover, LNR had a better prognostic value compared with pN stage.

title: Additional Prognostic Value of Lymph Node Ratio (LNR) and Number of Negative Lymph Nodes (NLNs) in Chinese @entity1 with Triple Negative XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['overall survival', 'OS']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['Breast Cancer']


abstract: In this paper, we present the case of a 12-year-old @entity1 with refractory, symptomatic @entity3039 ( @entity3039 ) who underwent a laparoscopic splenectomy (LS). During morcellation of the spleen the retrieval bag ruptured. Thirteen (13) months postoperatively, the @entity1 developed further symptoms and was found to be @entity882 . Tc-99m heat-damaged red blood cell scintigraphy showed an accumulation of heat-damaged red cells in the upper left quadrant, raising the possibility of missed accessory spleen. Laparoscopic exploration revealed widespread intra-abdominal @entity11043 , and a therapeutic omentectomy was carried out. Fourteen (14) months post-surgery, platelet counts improved and the @entity1 remains well. Following an elective splenectomy, a relapse in @entity3039 may be the result of missed accessory spleen or @entity11043 ; in others, it may the result of ongoing platelet consumption in non- @entity4558 , reticulo-endothelial tissue. During LS, consideration must therefore be given to the risk of not only leaving additional @entity4558 tissue behind, but also to the possibility of accidental autotransplantation, such as that from laparoscopic bag @entity397 . The risk of @entity397 can be minimized by using blunt instruments and stronger bag materials. If a @entity397 does occur, immediate suction and a thorough search for @entity4558 fragments must be undertaken. Further development is needed into new techniques for organ retrieval and stronger bag materials.

title: Intra-abdominal XXXX following laparoscopic splenectomy causing recurrence in a @entity1 with chronic @entity3039 .

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenic']

entities_list: @entity3039 :: ('MESH:D016553', 'Disease') :: ['immune thrombocytopenic purpura', 'ITP']

answer: @entity11043 :: (MESH:D017890,Disease) :: ['splenosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Within the last 2 years, intravitreal application of @entity2995 has exponentially increased as a treatment option for various intraocular neovascular and @entity4 . METHODS AND RESULTS: The best response to intravitreal @entity2995 injection in terms of gain in visual acuity was obtained for eyes with intraretinal @entity4 such as diffuse @entity1103 , @entity2994 , central @entity2994 , and @entity1103 . Visual acuity increased and degree of @entity32 decreased in eyes with various types of noninfectious @entity1596 including @entity10352 . Intravitreal @entity2713 may be useful as angiostatic therapy in eyes with @entity1539 and proliferative @entity63 . Possibly, intravitreal @entity2713 may be helpful for exudative age-related @entity1020 , alone or in combination with photodynamic therapy. In eyes with chronic, therapy-resistant, @entity8814 , intravitreal @entity2713 can induce an increase in intraocular pressure and may stabilize the eye. The complications of intravitreal @entity2713 therapy, such as @entity2790 in about 40% of the eyes injected, cataractogenesis, postoperative @entity3225 , and @entity3225 will be covered in another article. Intravitreal @entity2713 injection can be combined with other intraocular surgeries including @entity231 surgery. Cataract surgery performed some months after the injection did not show a markedly elevated rate of complications. If vision increases after the intravitreal @entity2713 injection, the injection can be repeated. The duration of the effect of a single intravitreal injection of @entity2713 ranges between 2 and 9 months, probably depending on the dosage used. CONCLUSIONS: Intravitreal @entity2995 may offer a possibility for adjunctive treatment of intraocular @entity74 . One has to take into account the side effects and the lack of long-term follow-up observations.

title: [Intravitreal XXXX for the treatment of intraocular @entity4 and neovascular diseases].

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['intraocular inflammation']

entities_list: @entity2995 :: ('MESH:D014222', 'Chemical') :: ['triamcinolone acetonide']

entities_list: @entity1539 :: ('MESH:D007499', 'Disease') :: ['iris neovascularization']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic retinopathies']

entities_list: @entity2994 :: ('MESH:D012170', 'Disease') :: ['branch retinal vein occlusion', 'retinal vein occlusion']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['edematous proliferative disorders', 'edematous diseases']

entities_list: @entity1103 :: ('MESH:D008269', 'Disease') :: ['pseudophakic cystoid macular edema', 'diabetic macular edema']

entities_list: @entity8814 :: ('MESH:D015814', 'Disease') :: ['ocular hypotony']

entities_list: @entity2790 :: ('MESH:D009798', 'Disease') :: ['secondary ocular hypertension']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['oedematous and neovascular disorders']

entities_list: @entity1020 :: ('MESH:D008268', 'Disease') :: ['macular degeneration']

entities_list: @entity10352 :: ('MESH:D009879', 'Disease') :: ['sympathetic ophthalmia']

entities_list: @entity3225 :: ('MESH:D009877', 'Disease') :: ['infectious and noninfectious endophthalmitis', 'pseudo-endophthalmitis']

entities_list: @entity2713 :: ('MESH:D014221', 'Chemical') :: ['triamcinolone']

answer: @entity2995 :: (MESH:D014222,Chemical) :: ['triamcinolone acetonide']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1125 (BTCs) are associated with a very poor prognosis. New therapeutic strategies therefore are needed to improve efficacy and survival, and the current study was designed with a new, effective drug combination. METHODS: @entity1 with recurrent or metastatic BTC received a combination of @entity1259 at a dose of 50 mg/m(2), @entity900 at a dose of 60 mg/m(2) on Day 1, and @entity416 at a dose of 1000 mg/m(2) twice daily for 2 weeks. Treatment was repeated every 3 weeks. RESULTS: A total of 43 @entity1 (22 with @entity201 , 15 with @entity1419 , and 6 with @entity1086 ) were treated. The median age was 53 years (range, 36-69 yrs) and 5 @entity1 had a Zubrod performance status of 2. Seventeen @entity1 achieved a partial response (40%; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 21-49%) and 10 had stable disease. With a follow-up duration of 18 months, the median survival time was 8 months (95% CI, 6-10 mos). In total, 187 chemotherapy cycles were delivered, with a median of 5 cycles per @entity1 (range, 1-9 cycles). @entity137 was mainly myelosuppression and @entity33 , but no @entity1 died of @entity137 . CONCLUSIONS: This combination chemotherapy with @entity1259 , @entity900 , and @entity416 offered promising antitumor activity in @entity1 with advanced BTC.

title: Phase II study of @entity1259 , @entity900 , and XXXX for advanced biliary tract adenocarcinoma.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'Toxicity']

entities_list: @entity416 :: ('MESH:C110904', 'Chemical') :: ['capecitabine']

entities_list: @entity1259 :: ('MESH:D015251', 'Chemical') :: ['epirubicin']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['mucositis']

entities_list: @entity201 :: ('MESH:D018281', 'Disease') :: ['extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1419 :: ('MESH:C535533', 'Disease') :: ['intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1086 :: ('MESH:D005706', 'Disease') :: ['gallbladder carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1125 :: ('MESH:D001661', 'Disease') :: ['Advanced biliary tract carcinomas']

answer: @entity416 :: (MESH:C110904,Chemical) :: ['capecitabine']


abstract: The PXIXIT calcineurin binding motif or highly related sequences are found in a variety of calcineurin-binding proteins in @entity375 , @entity1 cells, and viruses. The accessory protein @entity9287 (I) encoded in the @entity2662 pX ORF I promotes T cell activation during the early stages of @entity2662 @entity281 by activating nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) through @entity460 release from the endoplasmic reticulum. We identified in @entity9287 (I), a conserved motif, which is highly homologous with the PXIXIT calcineurin-binding motif of NFAT. Both immunoprecipitation and calmodulin agarose bead pull-down assays indicated that wild type @entity9287 (I) and mutants of @entity9287 (I) that contained the motif-bound calcineurin. In addition, an @entity493 substitution @entity9287 (I) mutant ( @entity9287 (I) AXAXAA) had greatly reduced binding affinity for calcineurin. We then tested whether @entity9287 (I) binding to calcineurin affected NFAT activity. @entity9287 (I) competed with NFAT for calcineurin binding in calmodulin bead pull-down experiments. Furthermore, the @entity9287 (I) AXAXAA mutant enhanced NFAT nuclear translocation compared with wild type @entity9287 (I) and increased NFAT transcriptional activity 2-fold greater than wild type @entity9287 (I). Similar to NFAT, endogenous calcineurin phosphatase activity was increased in Jurkat T cells expressing @entity9287 (I) independent of its calcineurin binding property. Thus, the reduced binding of @entity9287 (I) to calcineurin allows enhanced nuclear translocation and transcription mediated by NFAT. Herein, we are the first to identify a retroviral protein that binds calcineurin. Our data suggest that @entity2662 @entity9287 (I) modulates NFAT activation to promote early @entity778 of T lymphocytes, providing a novel mechanism for retrovirus-mediated cell activation.

title: A conserved calcineurin-binding motif in XXXX p12I functions to modulate nuclear factor of activated T cell activation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian']

entities_list: @entity778 :: ('MESH:D015658', 'Disease') :: ['virus infection']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity493 :: ('CHEBI:16449', 'Chemical') :: ['alanine']

answer: @entity2662 :: (11908,Species) :: ['human T lymphotropic virus type 1']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: For many diseases, the comparison of prenatal diagnosis with a histopathological reality is not always possible. Fetal lung pathology, with its high rate of surgery in postnatal, allows this assessment. This study proposes an approach to the reliability of prenatal diagnosis and analysis of the postnatal development of all @entity1 in care for @entity358 ( @entity358 ). METHODS: This is a retrospective study of all cases of @entity358 diagnosed in Poitiers University Hospital from 1995  to 2011. Cases diagnosed prenatally were identified and the diagnostic accuracy was studied by histology when cases had surgery. The postnatal development of prenatally diagnosed cases is described and compared to @entity1 who did not receive prenatal diagnosis. RESULTS: Among the 45  cases of @entity358 supported at the Poitiers University Hospital, 30  had received prenatal diagnosis of isolated @entity358 . The diagnostic concordance between antenatal ultrasound and the final diagnosis is k=0.67 (CI95% [0.38  to 0.94]). The sensitivity of ultrasound was 90% (CI95% [55-99.7]) in our series for the diagnosis of CAMP ( @entity2977 pulmonary). We found a sonographic disappearance of lesions in 4  @entity1 , 1  @entity1 in regression, stable lesions in 21  cases. Four @entity1 showed an increase in volume of the @entity600 , with signs of poor tolerance in 3  cases. After birth, @entity1 who received a prenatal diagnosis were no more symptomatic than those whose diagnosis was made postnatal: 21 (70%) versus 11 (73%; P=1) respectively. Similarly, they often received prophylactic surgery: 18 (60%) versus 2 (13%) respectively (P<0.01) and less often suffered post-surgery complication: 3 (10%) versus 10 (67%) respectively (P<0.01). The number of @entity1 monitored was not significantly different in the two groups. CONCLUSION: Prenatal diagnosis allows for the precise nature of the lesion in 90% of cases in 2013  and had no impact on symptomatology at birth. When prenatal diagnosis is possible, preventive surgery probably reduces the occurrence of emergency surgery.

title: [Performance of prenatal diagnosis and postnatal development of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'child']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['CPM', 'congenital pulmonary malformation']

entities_list: @entity2977 :: ('MESH:D015615', 'Disease') :: ['cystic adenomatoid malformation']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['malformation']

answer: @entity358 :: (MESH:D008171,Disease) :: ['congenital lung malformations']


abstract: We retrospectively analysed ten consecutive @entity1 (age range 32-77 years) treated surgically from 1994 to 1999 for symptomatic @entity890 between the 6th and 12th thoracic discs. Clinically, eight @entity1 had varying grades of @entity615 and eight @entity1 had paraparesis. Radiography showed calcification in 50% of the @entity890 . Two @entity1 had two-level @entity890 . Hemivertebrectomy followed by discectomy and fusion was carried out in all @entity1 . Instrumentation with cages was performed in eight @entity1 and bone grafting alone in two @entity1 . The average follow-up was 24 months (range 13-36 months). Six @entity1 had an excellent or good outcome, three had a fair outcome and one had a poor outcome. One @entity1 had @entity891 , which recovered within 2 days of surgery. Another @entity1 had developed @entity451 , detected at surgery by SSEPs, and underwent resurgery following magnetic resonance (MR) scan with complete corpectomy and instrumented fusion. At 2 years, she had a functional recovery. The @entity1 with poor outcome had undergone a previous discectomy at @entity21048 . He developed @entity615 and generalised @entity2915 following corpectomy and fusion for disc herniation at @entity3138 . We advocate anterior transthoracic discectomy following partial corpectomy for symptomatic @entity890 between the 6th and 12th thoracic discs. This procedure offers improved access to the @entity1514 for an instrumented fusion, which is likely to decrease the risk of @entity130 to the spinal cord.

title: Results of hemivertebrectomy and fusion for symptomatic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1514 :: ('MESH:D013896', 'Disease') :: ['thoracic disc']

entities_list: @entity615 :: ('MESH:D001416', 'Disease') :: ['severe back pain', 'back pain']

entities_list: @entity891 :: ('MESH:D001261', 'Disease') :: ['atelectasis']

entities_list: @entity2915 :: ('MESH:D006948', 'Disease') :: ['hyper-reflexia']

entities_list: @entity451 :: ('MESH:C536857', 'Disease') :: ['complete paraplegia']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['iatrogenic injury']

entities_list: @entity890 :: ('MESH:D007405', 'Disease') :: ['thoracic disc herniation', 'herniated discs']

answer: @entity890 :: (MESH:D007405,Disease) :: ['thoracic disc herniation']


abstract: Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have been implicated in progression and metastases of different @entity5 . The balance between the MMPs and their natural inhibitors (tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases; @entity2843 ) seems to be an important factor related to this role. Here, the expression of @entity5379 along with @entity16617 was examined in @entity263 tissue. A total of 40 radical prostatectomy specimens were embedded in paraffin and immunohistochemical staining was performed to detect @entity5379 , and @entity16617 . The immunoreactivity was assessed semiquantitively using routine light microscopy. The intensity of staining was correlated to preoperative PSA, T category, Gleason score and clinical parameters of the specimens. The imbalance of MMPs and TIMPs was recognised as a significant loss of @entity2843 in malignant epithelium and an upregulation of MMPs. Palpable @entity5 (T2, T3) expressed significantly more @entity1476 and significantly less @entity1495 than T1c @entity5 . Our data are in accordance with other literature reports in that an imbalance of MMPs and TIMPs is found in @entity5 . The observed imbalance of MMP and @entity2843 is mainly caused by a loss of @entity2843 . Furthermore, palpable @entity5 demonstrated significantly more @entity1476 and significantly less @entity1495 expression than nonpalpable @entity5 .

title: Expression of matrix metalloproteinases ( @entity5379 ) and their inhibitors ( XXXX ) in @entity263 tissue.

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant tumours', 'tumours']

answer: @entity16617 :: (7076;7077,Gene) :: ['TIMP-1 and -2']