abstract: AIM: To assess the prevalence and type of dens invaginatus in @entity1347 of a selected population and to report associated dental complications. METHODOLOGY: The records of @entity1 examined in the Department of Paedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, S  leyman Demirel University, Isparta, @entity233 between 1999 and 2006 were screened and a total of 2477 @entity1 who had complete records with satisfactory radiographs were selected. The type of dens invaginatus and the presence of apical pathosis was determined from radiographs. Other @entity66 were noted. Variations in crown shape were also recorded. RESULTS: Dens invaginatus was detected in 300 out of 2477 @entity1 , with a prevalence of 12%; 82% of affected @entity1 had dens invaginatus bilaterally. Maxillary lateral incisors were the most affected teeth. The majority of the teeth had normal crown morphology (95%). The most commonly seen type of dens invaginatus was type I (94%). Overall 33% of the @entity1 with type III dens invaginatus and 4% of the @entity1 with type II dens invaginatus had apical pathosis. No associations with other @entity262 and some limited association with @entity2651 and @entity24179 were detected. CONCLUSION: A careful oral examination, radiographs, a suitable treatment plan and follow-up programme are crucial for early diagnosis and treatment for teeth with dens invaginatus.

title: The prevalence of @entity1347 with dens invaginatus in the western Mediterranean region of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['dental abnormalities, syndromes and systemic diseases']

entities_list: @entity2651 :: ('MESH:D000848', 'Disease') :: ['hypodontia']

entities_list: @entity1347 :: ('MESH:C537775', 'Disease') :: ['anterior teeth']

entities_list: @entity262 :: ('MESH:D034721', 'Disease') :: ['systemic diseases and syndromes']

entities_list: @entity24179 :: ('MESH:D003719', 'Disease') :: ['dens evaginatus']

answer: @entity233 :: (9103,Species) :: ['Turkey']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Open @entity169 is felt to be a less expensive operation than a laparoscopic one. Performing open repair on @entity1 with an @entity28 body mass index (BMI) results in longer operative times, longer hospital stay, and complications that will potentially impose higher cost to the facility and @entity1 . This study aims to define the ideal BMI at which a laparoscopic @entity169 will be advantageous over open @entity169 . METHODS: The NSQIP database was analyzed for (n  =  64,501) complications, mortality, and operating time for open and laparoscopic @entity169 repairs during the time period from 2005 to 2012. Bilateral and recurrent @entity547 were excluded. Chi-square tests and @entity16043 's exact tests were used to assess associations between type of surgery and categorical variables including demographics, risk factors, and 30-day outcomes. Multivariable regression analyses were performed to determine whether odds ratios differed by level of BMI. The HCUP database was used for determining difference in cost and length of stay between open and laparoscopic procedures. RESULTS: There were 17,919 laparoscopic repairs and 46,582 open repairs in the study period. The overall morbidity (across all BMI categories) is statistically greater in the open repair group when compared to the laparoscopic group (p  =  0.03). @entity260 (including wound disruption, failure to wean from the ventilator, and UTI) were greater in the open repair group across all BMI categories. Deep incisional surgical site infections (SSI) were more common in the overweight open repair group (p  =  0.026). The return to the operating room across all BMI categories was statistically significant for the open repair group (n  =  269) compared to the laparoscopic repair group (n  =  70) with p  =  0.003. There was no difference in the return to operating room between the BMI categories. The odds ratio (OR) was found to be statistically significant when comparing the @entity28 category to both normal and overweight populations for the open procedure. CONCLUSION: Open hernia repairs have more complications than do laparoscopic ones; however, there does not appear to be a difference in treating @entity28 @entity1 with @entity547 using a laparoscopic approach versus an open one. One may consider using a laparoscopic approach in overweight @entity1 (BMI 25-29.9) as there appears to be fewer deep SSI.

title: Open versus laparoscopic unilateral XXXX repairs: defining the ideal BMI to reduce complications.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity169 :: ('MESH:D006552', 'Disease') :: ['inguinal hernia repair', 'inguinal hernia']

answer: @entity169 :: (MESH:D006552,Disease) :: ['inguinal hernia']


abstract: Thirty-three @entity1 were treated at the Methodist Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine (Houston) between 1983 and 1987, for high-grade @entity11 which had recurred after conventional external-beam radiation therapy. The mean dose to the @entity5 volume from the external-beam therapy was 5800 cGy. Thirteen @entity1 had recurrent astrocytoma Grade 4 ( @entity463 ), whereas 20 had recurrent astrocytoma Grade 3 ( @entity816 ). All @entity1 were treated for their recurrence by the combination of reexcision of as much of the @entity5 mass as was technically feasible and intraoperative radiogold (198Au) seed implantation of the @entity41 and/or @entity5 bed. The mean dose to the @entity5 volume from the implant was 4000 cGy. For the 13 @entity1 treated for recurrent @entity463 the 1-year, 2-year, and 3-year survival rates were 46%, 15%, and 8%, respectively. For the 20 @entity1 treated for recurrent @entity816 the 1-year, 2-year, and 3-year survival rates were 75%, 50%, and 15%, respectively. Survival was measured from the time of implant. The median survival for @entity1 with @entity463 was 9 months. The median survival for @entity1 with @entity816 was 17 months. One @entity1 died in the immediate postoperative period from a @entity360 . No @entity1 required reoperation for radiation @entity39 . The authors believe that this technique is an effective treatment for @entity1 with high-grade @entity11 recurring after external-beam radiation therapy, and are now including interstitial irradiation in the initial management of selected @entity1 with high-grade @entity11 .

title: Interstitial radiogold implantation for the treatment of recurrent high-grade XXXX .

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal bleed']

entities_list: @entity41 :: ('MESH:D018365', 'Disease') :: ['residual tumor']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['gliomas']

entities_list: @entity816 :: ('MESH:D001254', 'Disease') :: ['anaplastic astrocytoma']

entities_list: @entity463 :: ('MESH:D005909', 'Disease') :: ['glioblastoma']

answer: @entity11 :: (MESH:D005910,Disease) :: ['gliomas']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To evaluate the feasibility after 5 years experience of a laparoscopic sentinel node (SN) procedure with combined radioisotopic and patent blue labeling in @entity1 with @entity5 . METHODS: Sixty-seven @entity1 (median age 48.9 years) with @entity5 underwent a laparoscopic SN procedure using an endoscopic gamma probe, after both radioactive and patent blue injections. After the procedure, all the @entity1 underwent complete laparoscopic pelvic/para-aortic lymphadenectomy. RESULTS: At least one SN was identified in 57 @entity1 (85.1%). According to the Stage, the SN identification rate was 91.2% in early-stage @entity5 and 78.5% in locally advanced @entity5 . The mean number of SN was 2.3 per @entity1 (range 1-5). A total of 129 SNs were removed. Lymph node @entity3 involvement was identified in the 20 SNs (15.5%) from 14 @entity1 (24.6%). Nine of the 14 @entity1 had at least one macrometastases, three @entity1 presented micrometastases in H_S, and two @entity1 presented isolated single cells. Six @entity1 presented a pelvic non-SN involvement including two @entity1 whose SNs were uninvolved. The false-negative SNs rate was 12.5% (two @entity1 out of 16). Both @entity1 have locally advanced @entity5 . CONCLUSION: This study confirms that laparoscopic SN detection with a combination of radiocolloid and patent blue is accurate in @entity1 with early @entity5 to assess pelvic lymph node status.

title: XXXX using a combined detection: 5-years experience.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cervical cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Laparoscopic sentinel node biopsy in cervical cancer']


abstract: Unbalanced histone deacetylase (HDAC) @entity2915 is a common feature of @entity5 cells. Inhibition of HDAC activity is often associated with @entity5 and @entity204 . @entity1092 ( @entity2052 ) is a HDAC inhibitor used for the treatment of @entity302 . It has recently been recognized as a promising anticancer drug. We investigated the effects of @entity2052 on growth and survival of @entity694 cells. @entity2052 caused growth inhibition and programmed cell @entity204 that correlated with histone hyperacetylation. @entity2052 modulated the expression of various factors involved in cell cycle control and apoptosis and induced caspase activation. Interestingly, @entity2052 induced downregulation of @entity7242 and potentiated the cytotoxic effects of the @entity7242 inhibitor @entity31438 , both in vitro and in vivo. The combination of sublethal doses of @entity2052 and @entity31438 led to massive apoptosis of @entity694 cells, irrespective of their genetic background. These results suggest that @entity2052 may be employed as a positive modulator of @entity31438 antitumor activity in @entity14 .

title: XXXX enhances @entity31438 cytotoxicity in @entity694 cells.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer cell growth impairment']

entities_list: @entity1092 :: ('MESH:D014635', 'Chemical') :: ['Valproic acid']

entities_list: @entity31438 :: ('MESH:C471992', 'Chemical') :: ['bosutinib']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon cancer']

entities_list: @entity2915 :: ('MESH:D006948', 'Disease') :: ['hyperactivity']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity1092 :: (MESH:D014635,Chemical) :: ['Valproic acid']


abstract: A severely anaemic, but asymptomatic @entity1 , who is a heterozygous carrier of haemoglobin Hammersmith (beta42 ( @entity4897 ) @entity815 - @entity563 ), has been studied to elucidate the mechanisms resulting in physiological compensation for the @entity417 . Four factors have been investigated: the @entity26 affinity of her blood, the cardiac output at rest and during exercise, the blood gas indices, and pulmonary function. It was found that due to the presence of Heinz bodies within the erythrocytes, the level of functional, haemoglobin was considerably less (50 g/l) than that measured by standard methods (87 g/l). In addition a moderate degree of @entity432 (arterial @entity26 tension = 10.7 kPa (80.4 mmHg) was present which could not be explained on the basis of @entity358 . Both of these factors would result in tissue @entity519 , but the finding of consistently normal @entity26 tensions ('mixed' venous @entity26 tension = 5.4 kPa (40.3 mmHg) in blood obtained from the right atrium, suggested that @entity519 was not present. This was explained by a decreased whole blood @entity26 affinity (P50 = 4.6 kPa (34.5 mmHg) at pH 7.4) and an increase in the cardiac index (5.3 L.min.-1m-2). The latter was the result of an increased @entity64 volume (125 - 135 ml), the heart rate being normal (63/min.). During moderate exercise, further increases at cardiac output were brought about by a change in heart rate alone. It has been calculated that the decrease in whole blood @entity26 per se could not account for adequate tissue oxygenation. This is confirmed by the finding of an increased cardiac output in this @entity1 . It is suggested that in any severe @entity417 , even if the whole blood @entity26 affinity is low, cardiac output is probably increased to achieve complete physiological compensation.

title: Compensatory mechanisms for the severe XXXX caused by haemoglobin Hammersmith.

entities_list: @entity417 :: ('MESH:D000740', 'Disease') :: ['anaemia', 'haemolytic anaemia']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['abnormal pulmonary function']

entities_list: @entity563 :: ('CHEBI:17822', 'Chemical') :: ['Serine']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['arterial hypoxaemia']

entities_list: @entity815 :: ('CHEBI:28044', 'Chemical') :: ['phenylalanine']

answer: @entity417 :: (MESH:D000740,Disease) :: ['anaemia']


abstract: Colonization of a polyester (Dacron) vascular graft by @entity794 209P-R was studied. Twenty-five @entity235 had thoracoabdominal aortic bypass. After intervals of 2 hours (three @entity235 ), 8 days (five @entity235 ), 1 month (six @entity235 ), 2 months (six @entity235 ), or 6 months (five @entity235 ), a bacteremic challenge was produced by intravenous injection of 6 x 10(8) colony-forming units of @entity794 . Two hours later grafts were removed and cut into 10 fragments, each submitted to bacterial counts and scanning electron microscopic studies. Results of bacterial counts were expressed in colony-forming units (CFU) per square centimeter of graft segment (median [lower to upper quartiles]). Normal @entity235 aortas (n = 2) used as controls trapped no bacteria. Colonization of Dacron grafts varied according to the duration of graft function (p less than 0.01): after 2 hours, 4416.5 CFU (1158 to 9073 CFU); after 8 days, 1515 CFU (963 to 2893 CFU); after 1 month, 199 CFU (86 to 538 CFU); after 2 months, 615 CFU (243 to 1407 CFU); and after 6 months, 1 CFU (1 to 5 CFU). Heavily colonized fragments were observed for duration of graft function of 2 months or less, whereas at 6 months all the fragments trapped fewer than 50 CFU/cm2 of graft segment. Scanning electron microscopy showed that colonization was closely associated with healing. Staphylococcal entrapment was related to the amount of fibrin deposits, which were especially abundant where the thrombotic matrix was unorganized and on bare polyester filaments. Graft colonization is especially to be feared in the first weeks after graft implantation, an observation which may help to define guidelines for preventing @entity455 .

title: Experimental colonization of a polyester vascular graft with XXXX : a quantitative and morphologic study.

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['hematogenous vascular graft infection']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus', 'S. aureus']

answer: @entity794 :: (1280,Species) :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']


abstract: PURPOSE: Survival after amputation for @entity320 is short; however, rare long-term survivors are reported. The mechanism for durable systemic @entity5 control in @entity1 with regional failure is not known. To explore whether systemic @entity5 immunity may be implicated, @entity5 and circulating immune responses were examined in a @entity1 who survived disease-free 14 years after @entity572 . METHODS: A 71-year-old female with extensive regional @entity3 of @entity320 in the left lower extremity underwent amputation for palliative reasons. @entity5 was collected at surgery, and blood was collected during follow-up. @entity5 sections were evaluated for lymphocytic infiltration and @entity16051 expression by immunohistochemistry. Cellular immune responses to defined @entity5 antigens were evaluated by ELISPOT assay, and antibody responses to a panel of @entity5 antigens were assayed by ELISA. RESULTS: The @entity1 's @entity5 had minimal lymphocytic infiltrate (immunotype A). @entity16051 was strongly expressed by the @entity320 cells. Circulating T-cell responses to @entity16051 peptides were observed 6 and 12 years postoperatively, and antibodies to @entity16051 were detected 2-6 years after surgery. CONCLUSION: The @entity1 described in this report experienced relentless regional @entity5 progression, with intravascular @entity3 , and then 14-year systemic disease-free survival after palliative resection, without evidence of @entity320 recurrence before death from other causes. Her immune response to @entity16051 likely failed to control established regional @entity3 because T cells were unable to infiltrate them. It is possible, however, that among other factors, the host immune response may have contributed to systemic protection.

title: A case of spontaneous systemic immunity to XXXX associated with cure after amputation for extensive regional recurrence.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor']

entities_list: @entity572 :: ('MESH:D006617', 'Disease') :: ['hip disarticulation']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma']

answer: @entity320 :: (MESH:D008545,Disease) :: ['melanoma']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy and @entity137 of @entity136 and @entity900 combination chemotherapy, we conducted a phase II study of this regimen in @entity1 with advanced @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: From June 2001 to August 2003, 36 chemotherapy-naive @entity1 with stage IIIB or IV @entity1149 were enrolled. The median age was 59 years (range, 42 to 75 years), and performance status was 0 or 1. Eleven @entity1 had stage IIIB disease, and 25 @entity1 had stage IV disease. 1,000 mg/m(2) of @entity136 was administered on day 1 _ 8, and 60 mg/m(2) of @entity900 was administered on day 1. Each cycle was repeated every 21 days. RESULTS: Everyone subject who participated were assessable. A total of 160 cycles of chemotherapy were delivered, and the median number of chemotherapy courses was 3.5 (range, 2 to 9). Two @entity1 (5.6%) achieved a complete response, and 14 @entity1 (38.9%) achieved a partial response. The overall response rate was 44.5% (95% confidence interval [CI], 32.5 to 56.5%). The median follow-up duration was 9.3 months. The median time to disease progression was 8.6 months (95% CI 7.4 to 9.9 months), and median survival time was 12.2 months (95% CI, 10.5 to 12.9 months). Grade 3/4 @entity1398 occurred in 9 @entity1 (25.0%), @entity221 occurred in 3 @entity1 (8.3%), and grade 3/4 @entity882 occurred in 7 @entity1 (19.5%). Mild forms of non-hematologic @entity137 , such as @entity390 , @entity391 or skin reactions, were observed. CONCLUSION: The combination of @entity136 and @entity900 in a 21-day schedule is an effective regimen for @entity1 with @entity1149 in its advanced stages.

title: A 21-day schedule of XXXX and @entity900 administration in the treatment of advanced @entity1149 : a phase II study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenic fever']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['gemcitabine']

answer: @entity136 :: (MESH:C056507,Chemical) :: ['gemcitabine']


abstract: Endogenous @entity1735 -binding sites were studied during @entity35 cerebellar development on sections of fixed tissue using synthetic tools, biotinylated neoglycoproteins, in conjunction with subsequent avidinperoxidase staining. Neoglycoproteins were constructed by chemically coupling the histochemically pivotal @entity1735 moieties to an inert carrier protein. The sugar part of the neoglycoproteins included common constituents of the @entity1735 part of cellular glycoconjugates, namely @entity3913 , @entity3649 , @entity3953 , @entity3954 , @entity10811 and @entity3167 to probe for the presence of respective endogenous receptors. Heparin was biotinylated after mild @entity13518 activation and aminoalkylation. Specific positive reactions were obtained for all neoglycoproteins and heparin. The staining pattern with the individual probes disclosed variable developmental regulation. Consequently, these results suggest that recognition processes during cerebellar development may include several types of @entity1735 determinants. In two instances, the binding of neoglycoproteins could be compared to endogenous lectin-specific antibodies. Despite a significant extent of accordance the comparison revealed notable differences. These differences were attributed primarily to fixation and the presence of physiological ligands that can mask the active endogenous @entity1735 -binding proteins. In any case, histochemical application of labeled neoglycoproteins is valuable to discern the presence, localization and developmental pattern of binding sites for the @entity1735 part of glycoconjugates, on which further biochemical and cell biological studies can consequently be based.

title: Detection of binding sites for biotinylated neoglycoproteins and heparin (endogenous lectins) during cerebellar ontogenesis in the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3167 :: ('MESH:D019158', 'Chemical') :: ['N-acetyl-neuraminic acid']

entities_list: @entity3954 :: ('CHEBI:28009', 'Chemical') :: ['N-acetyl-glucosamine']

entities_list: @entity13518 :: ('MESH:D003488', 'Chemical') :: ['cyanogen bromide']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity3649 :: ('MESH:D005690', 'Chemical') :: ['galactose']

entities_list: @entity10811 :: ('CHEBI:28800', 'Chemical') :: ['N-acetylgalactosamine']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: The aim of the study was to verify the effects of the administration of an inhibitor of the release of endogenous vasodilators together with a vasoconstrictor agent in @entity1 with @entity3182 ( @entity3182 ). This new medical perspective was compared with a traditional medical approach for @entity3182 , such as the infusion of nonpressor doses of @entity935 to produce @entity8 . Thirteen @entity1 with type 1 @entity3182 were enrolled in the study. Five of them were treated with the oral administration of @entity21172 and the parenteral administration of @entity2390 . In addition, the @entity1 received 50 to 100 mL of 20% @entity1 albumin solution daily for 20 days. @entity21172 and @entity2390 were dosed to obtain a stable increase of at least 15 mm Hg of mean arterial pressure. Eight @entity1 were treated with the intravenous administration of nonpressor doses of @entity935 (2-4 micrograms/kg/min) and the same daily amount of albumin. After 20 days of treatment with @entity21172 and @entity2390 , an impressive improvement in renal plasma flow (RPF), glomerular filtration rate, and urinary @entity1372 excretion was observed in @entity1 . This was accompanied by a significant reduction in plasma @entity916 activity, plasma vasopressin, and plasma glucagon. No side effects were observed. Three @entity1 were discharged from the hospital. One of them successfully underwent liver transplantation. One of the two remaining @entity1 is still alive after 472 days with a preserved renal function, and the other died from @entity1578 after 76 days. One of the two @entity1 who were not discharged from the hospital successfully underwent liver transplantation, and the other died from @entity55 after 29 days. Seven out of eight @entity1 who were treated with @entity935 experienced a progressive deterioration in renal function and died during the first 12 days. Only one @entity1 recovered renal function and underwent liver transplantation. In conclusion, the long-term administration of @entity21172 and @entity2390 seems to be an effective and safe treatment of type 1 @entity3182 in @entity1 with @entity82 .

title: @entity3182 with the administration of XXXX and @entity2390 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal vasodilation']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity3182 :: ('MESH:D006530', 'Disease') :: ['HRS', 'hepatorenal syndrome']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity21172 :: ('MESH:D008879', 'Chemical') :: ['midodrine', 'Midodrine']

entities_list: @entity1578 :: ('MESH:D017093', 'Disease') :: ['terminal liver failure']

entities_list: @entity2390 :: ('MESH:D015282', 'Chemical') :: ['octreotide']

answer: @entity21172 :: (MESH:D008879,Chemical) :: ['midodrine']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: After the description of its involvement in amydalin lesions, there has been growing interest in the last decade on the neuropsychological examination of impaired emotional recognition in different diseases. This study aims to demonstrate the existence of emotional recognition impairment in a case of @entity4943 affecting right temporal lobe structures with an experimental battery. CLINICAL CASE: The case of 7 year long @entity4943 with right temporal predominance, clinically characterized by @entity146 such as @entity393 , eating food in bad condition, approach to marginal groups and other @entity146 (megalomanic delusional ideation) is presented. The @entity146 , neurological, neuropsychological and neuroimaging examination are described. METHODS: Facial recognition impairments were assessed with a modification of Ekman and Friesen Task (1976). The results were compared with those obtained in three controls matched by age, and educational level. RESULTS: The case we report showed marked impairment in discrimination, matching, selection and naming of negative @entity2652 (anger, fear, sadness and disgust). The impairment was more striking in the selection and naming paradigms. Anger was the most affected emotion. It was hypothesized if the @entity73 could be in the base of certain behavior disturbances of the @entity1 such as approach to marginal groups.

title: [Impaired facial emotion recognition in a case of right XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity2652 :: ('MESH:D005148', 'Disease') :: ['facial emotions']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric', 'psychiatric disorders', 'behavior disorders']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['impairment of emotional recognition']

entities_list: @entity4943 :: ('MESH:D057180', 'Disease') :: ['frontotemporal dementia']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['loss of hygiene habits']

answer: @entity4943 :: (MESH:D057180,Disease) :: ['frontotemporal dementia']


abstract: Three screening population studies were carried out within the framework of the WHO MONICA-psychosocial program in 1984, 1988, and 1994. The subjects of the study were male inhabitants of one of Novosibirsk districts aged 25 to 64 years. The cohort was studied during 18 years, from 1984 to 2002, using the WHO Acute @entity583 Register program. The statistical analysis was performed using SPSS-10 software package. The relative risk (RR) of @entity583 ( @entity583 ) was estimated using Cox proportional regressive model. The greatest proportion (38.9%) of @entity1 with @entity583 was among @entity1 aged 45 to 54 years. Among @entity1 with @entity583 , 58.7% had a high personal @entity148 (PA) level. RR of @entity583 was high among widowers, divorced and single @entity1 with a high PA level, in @entity1 with incomplete secondary or primary education, and @entity1 of hard or moderate physical labor. In the age group of 24 to 44, RR of @entity583 during the first 5 and 10 years was 7.5 times higher in @entity1 with a high PA level vs. @entity1 with a medium PA level (p < 0.01). This explains the bigger number of @entity1 with @entity583 in the group of 45 to 54 years of age.

title: [Study of XXXX risk factors within the framework of the WHO Monica-psychosocial program].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'MI', 'Myocardial Infarction']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarction']


abstract: PURPOSE: The authors compared the efficacy of local anesthetics @entity1343 , @entity1341 , and @entity3303 for retrobulbar anesthesia in vitreoretinal surgery. METHODS: A total of 135 @entity1 presenting for vitreoretinal surgery under local anesthesia were included in the study. @entity1 were randomly allocated to one of three groups. Group LB @entity1 received 5 mL of 0.5% @entity1343 , Group L @entity1 received 5 mL of 2% @entity3303 , and Group B @entity1 received 5 mL of 0.5% @entity1341 for retrobulbar anesthesia via inferotemporal injection. Sensory and motor block durations were recorded. Intraoperative and postoperative @entity158 was assessed by using verbal @entity158 scala. Anesthesia efficiency, @entity1 and surgeon satisfaction, and @entity910 were assessed by using point scales. Hemodynamic data and adverse events were recorded. RESULTS: The demographic characteristics of @entity1 , duration of surgery, and hemodynamic data in both groups were similar. The duration of @entity3481 was longer in @entity1343 and @entity1341 groups than @entity3303 group. @entity158 on injection was found more frequent in Group L and Group B than Group LB and the difference between the Groups LB and B was significant (p<0.05). Surgeon and @entity1 satisfaction were also higher and intraoperative @entity158 was less in @entity1343 group than @entity3303 and @entity1341 groups. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1343 provides longer @entity3481 duration and higher surgeon and @entity1 satisfaction than @entity3303 and @entity1341 when used for retrobulbar anesthesia in vitreoretinal surgery.

title: Comparison of 0.5% @entity1343 , 0.5% @entity1341 , and 2% XXXX for retrobulbar anesthesia in vitreoretinal surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity910 :: ('MESH:D004409', 'Disease') :: ['akinesia']

entities_list: @entity3481 :: ('MESH:D015417', 'Disease') :: ['motor and sensory block']

entities_list: @entity1341 :: ('MESH:D002045', 'Chemical') :: ['bupivacaine']

entities_list: @entity3303 :: ('MESH:D008012', 'Chemical') :: ['lidocaine']

entities_list: @entity1343 :: ('MESH:C476513', 'Chemical') :: ['Levobupivacaine', 'levobupivacaine']

answer: @entity3303 :: (MESH:D008012,Chemical) :: ['lidocaine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Web-based self-management programs offer a novel approach for self-insured employers seeking to improve and maintain employee health. METHODS: We conducted a 6-month prospective, cluster-randomized controlled trial designed to evaluate whether worksite access to an automated, web-based, self-management program resulted in better blood pressure control. The trial was conducted at 6 EMC Corporation worksites in Massachusetts, each of which had at least 600 employees; 404 EMC employees with pre- @entity101 or @entity101 participated. @entity1 at 3 worksites received a home blood pressure cuff that uploaded readings to a Web site where they could view trends and read automated rules-based messages. @entity1 at 3 worksites received access to an onsite blood pressure cuff. Primary outcome measure was change in systolic blood pressure. Secondary outcome measures were change in diastolic blood pressure, proportion of @entity1 achieving significant changes in systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and subject satisfaction. RESULTS: Although the mean change in systolic blood pressure was not significantly different between intervention and control groups (-1.69 vs. -0.86 mm HG, respectively, P = .49) the change in diastolic blood pressure between groups was significant. (-1.08 vs. = 1.47 mm HG, respectively, P < .001). Significantly more intervention @entity1 experienced a >10-mm Hg decrease in systolic blood pressure or >5-mm Hg decrease in diastolic blood pressure compared to controls (22% vs 17%, P = .02 and 29% vs 16%, P = .03, respectively). Intervention @entity1 were twice as likely to report starting a new medication (P = .02) and more likely to report improved communication with their doctor (P = .02). CONCLUSIONS: Participation in an automated online self-management program resulted in improved blood pressure among employees with @entity1556 or @entity101 .

title: Evaluating a web-based self-management program for employees with @entity101 and XXXX : a randomized clinical trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity1556 :: ('MESH:D058246', 'Disease') :: ['prehypertension']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

answer: @entity1556 :: (MESH:D058246,Disease) :: ['prehypertension']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The parotid node is an uncommon site of @entity3 in @entity135 . This study was intended to clarify the incidence and indicators of @entity5 metastases to the parotid node. @entity1 AND METHODS: We reviewed the records of 253 @entity1 with @entity1697 who had undergone a total of 289 neck dissections between April 2001 and December 2006. The histologic diagnoses of the @entity5 were @entity957 in 239 @entity1 , @entity3975 in 5, @entity2347 in 4, and miscellaneous others in 5. In all neck dissections, the tail of the parotid gland below the marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve was resected. The cervical and parotid lymph nodes were isolated from the surgical specimens. One section through the maximum cross-sectional area of each node was examined histologically. RESULTS: From 183 of the 289 neck specimens, we collected 539 parotid nodes: 222 extraglandular and 317 intraglandular. Of the 253 @entity1 , 10 (4.0%) had 19 parotid node metastases, of which 4 were extraglandular and 15 intraglandular. Parotid node involvement occurred in 2.5% of @entity957 cases. For the other @entity5 , there were too few cases to determine a meaningful frequency. In terms of indicators, the likelihood of @entity3 to the parotid nodes increased with the number of @entity5 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity3 to the parotid nodes should be considered in @entity1 with @entity5 . Resection of the tail of the parotid gland is warranted during the neck dissection.

title: XXXX of @entity5 to the parotid node.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck cancer']

entities_list: @entity1697 :: ('MESH:D009062', 'Disease') :: ['oral carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity3975 :: ('MESH:D018277', 'Disease') :: ['mucoepidermoid carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer-positive cervical nodes', 'primary tumors', 'cancers', 'oral cancer']

entities_list: @entity2347 :: ('MESH:D003528', 'Disease') :: ['adenoid cystic carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma', 'oral squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'Metastasis']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['Metastasis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ) with a high-nucleolar-grade component is considered to be an @entity146 . In the present study, we evaluated the impact of the presence of the worst-nucleolar-grade component and also tried to determine predictors for recurrence and prognosis in @entity1 with the worst grade component. METHODS: We evaluated 314 @entity1 with @entity1358 . A three-graded system was used for nucleolar grading, the @entity1 were classified into four groups according to the presence of the worst nucleolar grade (Grade 3) and the occupancy of each grade, and clinicopathological factors and clinical outcomes were compared. In @entity1 of Grade 3 components (Groups 1 and 2), factors influencing on prognosis and recurrence were evaluated by multivariate analysis. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in clinicopathological factors between Group 1 (with Grade 3-dominant @entity5 ) and Group 2 (with @entity5 in which Grade 1 or 2 was dominant and there were Grade 3 components). Neither did cause-specific survival or recurrence-free survival differ significantly between those two groups. In multivariate analysis, only distant metastasis was an independent predictor for prognosis in all @entity1 with Grade 3 components. Moreover, an elevated @entity1851 ( @entity1851 ) level (>or=1 mg/dl) was the only independent predictor of recurrence in N0M0 @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Regardless of dominancy, the presence of the worst grade component has a significant clinical impact in @entity1358 @entity1 . N0M0 @entity1 whose @entity1358 has worst-grade components but whose @entity1851 levels are <1 are expected to have longer recurrence-free intervals and to survive longer than those whose @entity1851 levels are higher.

title: Clinical impact of the presence of the worst nucleolar grade in XXXX specimens.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive type of tumor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['Renal cell carcinoma', 'RCC']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein', 'CRP']

answer: @entity1358 :: (MESH:D002292,Disease) :: ['renal cell carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity30 ( @entity30 ) of the pouch can develop in @entity1 with ileal pouch-anal @entity254 , resulting in significant morbidities, even pouch failure. The aim of this study was to evaluate short- and long-term outcome of adalimumab (ADA) in treating these @entity1 . METHODS: A total of 48 @entity1 who received ADA for @entity30 of the pouch from June 2006 to June 2011 were identified from our prospectively maintained @entity5042 Registry Complete clinical response was defined as the resolution of symptoms as well as the modified @entity5042 Activity Index (mPDAI) score being less than 5. Partial clinical response was defined as improvement in symptoms as well as a reduction in mPDAI score of 2 or more. Endoscopic @entity33 status before and after therapy was recorded. RESULTS: At a short follow-up of median 8 weeks, 24 (50%) @entity1 had complete response, 10 (21%) had partial response, and 14 (29%) had no response. After a median follow-up of 25.1 months, 16 (33%) @entity1 had a complete response, 10 (21%) had a partial response, and 22 (46%) had no response. At the end of the follow-up, 13 (27%) @entity1 achieved @entity33 . A total of nine (19%) @entity1 eventually developed pouch failure. @entity1 with a long-term response had a significantly higher @entity33 rate (60.9% vs. 28.6%, P = 0.032) and significantly lower median mPDAI score (2.0 vs. 5.0, P = 0.004) at the first follow-up evaluation than those with no long-term response. Multivariate analysis showed concurrent @entity384 (hazard ratio = 5.9; 95% confidence interval: 1.6, 21.2) increased the chance for the long-term response to ADA. One @entity1 developed @entity15 during the therapy. CONCLUSIONS: ADA treatment, particularly in conjunction with endoscopic therapy, may help rescue a subgroup of @entity1 with @entity30 of the pouch from having surgery.

title: Adalimumab therapy in XXXX of the ileal pouch.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5042 :: ('MESH:D019449', 'Disease') :: ['Pouchitis Disease', 'Pouchitis']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['endoscopic stricture dilation']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['mucosal healing']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['multiple sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ['CD', "Crohn's disease"]

answer: @entity30 :: (MESH:D003424,Disease) :: ['Crohn's disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Cost, social acceptability and non-stringent regulations pertaining to smokeless @entity286 (SLT) product sales have made @entity1 choose and continue using SLT. If disaggregated data on smokeless forms and smoked practices of @entity286 are reviewed, the incidence of SLT remains static. There is a strong positive correlation of SLT intake with the occurrence of @entity65 , particularly in the low socioeconomic populations. AIMS: To investigate the prevalence of smokeless @entity286 , its initiation influence and risk factors associated with the practice among lower socioeconomic populations of Bangladesh. In this study, we explore the utilization of SLT among lower socioeconomic populations in industrialized zone of Bangladesh. METHODS: A cross-sectional analysis using both quantitative and categorical approaches was employed. Using systematic random sampling method, four @entity1585 ( @entity1585 ) were conducted and 459 @entity1 were interviewed. Multiple logistic regression model was applied to distinguish the significant factors among the SLT users. RESULTS: Almost fifty percent of the respondents initiated SLT usage at the age of 15-24 years and another 22 percent respondents were smoking and using SLT concurrently. The bulk of the @entity1 respondents used SLT during their pregnancy. Nearly twenty five percent of the respondents tried to quit the practice of SLT and one-quarter had a plan to quit SLT in the future. More than twenty percent respondents were suffering from @entity1547 . A noteworthy correlation was found by gender (p<0.01), sufferings from SLT related disease (p<0.05). The multiple logistic regression analysis suggested that, males were 2.7 times more knowledgeable than that of females (p<0.01) about the adversative health condition of SLT usage. The respondents suffering from SLT related diseases were 3.7 times as more knowledgeable about the effect of the practice of SLT than the respondents without diseases (p<0.01). Regarding the knowledge about the health consequences of the practice of SLT, one @entity1 in the FGD session commented that "although the mouth is the gateway to health, we infected our mouth by using Zarda and Gul". Again, informants opined that peer, family, curiosity and hospitality, culture are influencing factors for SLT initiation. CONCLUSION: counselling on @entity286 , including SLT, health hazards have to be emphasized through mass media and it is essential for development of relevant policies and communication messages to make @entity1 aware of serious health consequences of SLT usages.

title: Prevalence of Smokeless XXXX among Low Socioeconomic Populations: A Cross-Sectional Analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'participant', 'people']

entities_list: @entity1547 :: ('MESH:D003731', 'Disease') :: ['dental decay']

entities_list: @entity1585 :: ('MESH:D065703', 'Disease') :: ['FGDs', 'focus group discussions']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['adverse cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity286 :: (4097,Species) :: ['Tobacco']


abstract: The @entity1141 ( @entity1141 ) are a heterogeneous group of short-limb dwarfing conditions. The most common form of PLSD is @entity7344 ( @entity7344 ), which has been divided into two types ( @entity22994 and TD2). Three other types of PLSD, or @entity7344 variants (San Diego, Torrance, and Luton), have been distinguished from @entity7344 . The most notable difference between @entity7344 and the variants is the presence of large rough endoplasmic reticulum (rER) inclusion bodies within chondrocytes of the variants. We examined 22 cases of @entity7344 variants for the presence of missense mutations in the @entity2557 ( @entity2557 ) gene. All 17 cases of the San Diego type (PLSD-SD) were heterozygous for the same @entity2557 mutations found in @entity22994 . No mutations were identified in the Torrance and Luton types. Large inclusion bodies were found in all 14 cases of PLSD-SD. Similar inclusion bodies were present in two of 72 @entity22994 cases, but not in 39 controls. The material retained within the rER stained only with antibody to the @entity2557 protein. The radiographic and morphologic differences between @entity7344 and PLSD-SD may be a consequence of other genetic factors, perhaps in the processing of mutant @entity2557 molecules within the rER. The presence of rER inclusion bodies cannot reliably discriminate between closely related @entity1141 .

title: Platyspondylic XXXX , San Diego type, is caused by @entity2557 mutations.

entities_list: @entity2557 :: ('2261', 'Gene') :: ['fibroblast growth factor receptor 3', 'FGFR3']

entities_list: @entity7344 :: ('MESH:D013796', 'Disease') :: ['TD', 'thanatophoric dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['PLSDs', 'skeletal dysplasias', 'platyspondylic lethal skeletal dysplasias']

answer: @entity1141 :: (MESH:C535662,Disease) :: ['lethal skeletal dysplasia']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The activated @entity172 (E2) receptor a ( @entity1782 ) is a potent transcription factor that is involved in the activation of various genes by 2 different pathways; a classical and non-classical. In classical pathway, @entity1782 binds directly to E2-responsive elements (EREs) located in the appropriate genes promoters and stimulates their transcription. However, in non-classical pathway, the @entity1782 can indirectly bind with promoters and enhance their activity. For instance, @entity1782 activates @entity5345 expression by interacting with @entity1178 /fos complex bound to the AP-1 site in @entity5345 promoter. Interference with the expression and/or functions of @entity5345 , leads to high risk of @entity5344 . @entity2662 Tax was found to strongly inhibit @entity5345 expression by preventing the binding of E2- @entity1782 complex to @entity5345 promoter. Here we examined Tax effect on @entity1782 induced activation of genes by the classical pathway by testing its influence on E2-induced expression of ERE promoter-driven luciferase reporter (ERE-Luc). Our findings showed that E2 profoundly stimulated this reporter expression and that @entity2662 Tax significantly induced this stimulation. This result is highly interesting because in our previous study Tax was found to strongly block the E2- @entity1782 -mediated activation of @entity5345 expression. @entity1782 was found to produce a big complex by recruiting various cofactors in the nucleus before binding to the ERE region. We also found that only part of the reqruited cofactors are required for the transcriptional activity of @entity1782 complex. Chip assay revealed that the binding of Tax to the @entity1782 complex, did not interfere with its link to ERE region.

title: Differential effects of @entity2662 Tax oncoprotein on the different XXXX -induced-ER a-mediated transcriptional activities.

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity5344 :: ('MESH:D061325', 'Disease') :: ['breast or/and ovarian cancer']

answer: @entity172 :: (MESH:D004967,Chemical) :: ['estrogen']


abstract: This study was purposed to explore the effect of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on the expression of @entity7986 on cytokine-induced killer (CIK)/natural killer (NK) cells derived from cord blood and on the quantity ratio of CD4+ @entity2902 + T regulatory cells in CIK/NK cell culture system using Transwell non-contact cell culture system. The experiments were divided into two groups: Transwell non-contact culture and mixture culture. The ratio of MSC to CIK/ NK cells was 1:20, 1:50 and 1:100. In mixture culture groups, MSC and CIK/NK cells were co-cultured by together contact as the same ratio of Transwell non-contact culture groups. The expression of @entity7986 on CIK/NK cells, as well as the quantity ratio of CD4+ @entity2902 + T regulatory cells in CIK/NK cell culture were evaluated by flow cytometry. The results showed that the expression of @entity7986 on CIK/NK cells in experimental groups were significantly lower than that in control group (p<0.001). As to Transwell groups, @entity7986 expression on the CIK/NK cells at 1:20 ratio of MSC and CIK/NK was significantly lower than that at 1:50 and 1:100 ratio. There were no differences in the expression of @entity7986 on CIK cells in mixture groups with various MSC ratios, whereas the expression of @entity7986 on NK cells at 1:20 ratio was significantly lower than that at 1:50 and 1:100. The quantity ratio of CD4+ @entity2902 + cells in CIK/NK cell culture system of experimental groups with MSC co-culture was significantly higher than that in control. As to Transwell groups, the ratio of CD4+ @entity2902 + cells in CIK/NK cell culture system at 1:20 and 1:50 was significantly higher than that at 1:100. The quantity ratio of CD4+ @entity2902 + cells in CIK/NK cell culture system showed significant differences in various mixture groups. As to 1:20 ratio the amount of CD4+ @entity2902 + cells in CIK/NK cell culture system of mixture groups was significantly higher than that in Transwell groups, while there were no differences of the quantity ratio of CD4+ @entity2902 + cells in CIK/NK cell culture at 1:50 and 1:100. It is concluded that either by non-contact Transwell or mixed co-culture, the MSC can suppress the activation of allogeneic CB-CIK/NK cells, which maybe relate to up-regulating the ratio of CD4+ @entity2902 + T regulatory cells in CIK/NK cell culture system in dose-dependent manner.

title: [Effect of mesenchymal stem cells on expression of XXXX in cord blood CIK/NK cells and quantity ratio of T regulatory cells in CIK/NK cell culture].

answer: @entity7986 :: (969,Gene) :: ['CD69']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody @entity1333 is a systemic @entity792 with @entity631 and @entity548 as major clinic manifestations. The name reflects the presence of autoantibodies to @entity10873 and @entity26138 which bind to both neutrophils and monocytes. Evidence of the pathogenicity of these autoantibodies is provided by the observation that injection of anti- @entity10873 antibodies into @entity19 causes a pauci-immune focal segmental necrotising @entity631 which is histologically similar to the changes seen on renal biopsy in @entity1 . Previous studies in this model have implicated the alternative pathway of complement activation and the anaphylatoxin C5a. Despite this progress, the factors that initiate complement activation have not been defined. In addition, the relative importance of bone marrow-derived and circulating C5 is not known. This is of interest given the recently identified roles for complement within leukocytes. We induced anti- @entity10873 @entity1333 in @entity19 and confirmed a role for complement activation by demonstrating protection in C3-deficient @entity19 . We showed that neither @entity31515 nor properdin deficient @entity19 were protected, suggesting that alternative pathway activation does not require properdin or the lectin pathway. We induced disease in bone marrow chimeric @entity19 and found that circulating and not bone marrow-derived C5 was required for disease. We have therfore excluded properdin and the lectin pathway as initiators of complement activation and this means that future work should be directed at other potential factors within diseased tissue. In addition, in view of our finding that circulating and not bone marrow-derived C5 mediates disease, therapies that decrease hepatic C5 secretion may be considered as an alternative to those that target C5 and C5a.

title: Experimentally-induced anti- XXXX @entity1333 does not require properdin, @entity31515 or bone marrow derived C5.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary haemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity1333 :: ('MESH:D014657', 'Disease') :: ['vasculitis']

entities_list: @entity631 :: ('MESH:D005921', 'Disease') :: ['glomerulonephritis']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune disease']

answer: @entity10873 :: (17523(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['myeloperoxidase']


abstract: AIM: The present study assessed the effects of a Motivational Interviewing (MI) based counselling training for nurses on clinical, behavioural and process outcomes among @entity2175 @entity1 . METHODS: The study is an RCT with follow-up measurements after 12 and 24 months. Thirty-three nurses and 584 @entity1 participated. Nurses in the experimental condition received the training; control group nurses were trained after the study. The training consisted of two training sessions, two follow-up meetings, written feedback and three direct feedback sessions. Basic MI-principles and techniques and an MI-based counselling protocol were addressed. RESULTS: Results indicated disadvantageous effects on fat intake and HDL and advantageous effects on chance locus of control and knowledge. No effects were found on vegetable or fruit intake, physical activity, HbA1c, weight, blood pressure, total @entity165 , LDL, @entity1674 , health care climate, quality of life or on self-efficacy. CONCLUSIONS: As in other MI studies, mixed results were found. It would be premature to recommend dissemination of MI in @entity6 care. More studies are needed in real-world settings with health care professionals of the field instead of intensively trained MI interventionists. Knowledge should be gained about adequate training and factors contributing to the implementation of MI in daily practice.

title: Effect evaluation of a Motivational Interviewing based counselling strategy in XXXX care.

entities_list: @entity2175 :: ('MESH:D003924', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes type 2']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']


abstract: @entity27 ( @entity27 ) is associated with a variety of nightly stresses, including intermittent hypoxaemia, oxidative stress and @entity1949 . @entity1457 ( @entity1457 ) are upregulated in response to an array of environmental and metabolic stresses. We hypothesized that the @entity27 -related stresses would affect the expression of @entity2285 in monocytes. Basal (30 min, at 37 degrees C), heat stress-induced @entity2285 (30 min, at 43 degrees C) and basal @entity5 @entity39 factor-alpha ( @entity310 ) were determined by flow cytometry in monocytes of 10 @entity1 with @entity27 and 10 controls matched by age, gender and body mass index. @entity66 was determined by @entity4466 -reactive substances (TBARS) and antioxidant @entity533 activity. Basal @entity2285 expression was 1.8-fold higher in @entity1 with @entity27 as compared with controls (P < 0.0005) and was significantly positively correlated with TBARS (r = 0.56, P < 0.009). However, induction of @entity2285 in response to heat stress treatment was lower by 40% in @entity27 monocytes as compared with controls (P < 0.0003). Furthermore, heat stress-induced @entity2285 expression was significantly negatively correlated with basal @entity2285 expression independently of apnoea severity (r = -0.69, P < 0.0006). Also, basal intracellular @entity310 expression was inversely correlated with heat-shock-induced @entity2285 (r = -0.78, P < 0.015) in @entity27 monocytes but not in controls. In conclusion, basal @entity2285 overexpression that is a protective mechanism indicative of disease-associated stress was significantly higher in @entity1 with @entity27 and was correlated with oxidative stress. On the other hand, in response to a defined heat-stress treatment, the induction of @entity2285 was lower in @entity1 with @entity27 , indicative of a possible maladaptive response to an acute stress. Correlations with oxidative stress and @entity310 further support this conclusion.

title: Heat-shock protein 70: expression in monocytes of @entity1 with sleep apnoea and association with oxidative stress and XXXX @entity39 factor-alpha.

entities_list: @entity1949 :: ('MESH:D012892', 'Disease') :: ['sleep fragmentation']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['Oxidative stress']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity1457 :: ('MESH:D012769', 'Disease') :: ['HSPs', 'Heat-shock proteins']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity27 :: ('MESH:D020181', 'Disease') :: ['Obstructive sleep apnoea', 'OSA']

entities_list: @entity4466 :: ('MESH:C029684', 'Chemical') :: ['thiobarbituric acid']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumour']


abstract: Improved methods of cell culture from @entity7733 , ovary, and hemocytes of shrimp ( @entity11320 ) were established using synthetic media and shrimp muscle extract (SME). For hemocytes and ovarian cell cultures, Grace's insect medium supplemented with 10% (v/v) fetal bovine serum and 10% SME (v/v) showed enhanced attachment and proliferation of the cells. The hemocyte and ovarian cell cultures could be maintained for 48 and 66 days, respectively, and have been sub-cultured four and six times, respectively. Both ovary and hemocyte cell cultures contained primarily epithelial-like cells. Cells derived from ovary tissue grew preferably between 26  C and 28  C with 5% @entity515 . Although the temperature preference of hemocyte cells was the same as ovarian cells, @entity515 supplementation did not show any difference in the growth of hemocyte cells. When the shrimp were injected with lipopolysaccharide (8  g/g of shrimp) and hemolymph was drawn 24 h post-injection, the in vitro multiplicity of hemocytes dramatically improved. The growth of @entity735 , hepatopancreas, and muscle-derived cells was much less compared to ovarian cells and hemocytes under the conditions described above. The optimal culture conditions for ovarian cells and hemocytes were also different from that for @entity735 , hepatopancreas, and muscle cell culture. The proliferation efficiencies of primary cultures of hepatopancreas, eyestalk, and muscle cells were about 30, 12, and <7 d, respectively. The improved culture conditions described here, particularly for hemocytes and ovary, will be very useful for in vitro studies involving viruses infecting shrimp and in shrimp genomic studies.

title: An improved method of cell culture system from XXXX , ovary, and hemocytes of @entity11320 .

entities_list: @entity735 :: ('MESH:D005124', 'Disease') :: ['eye stalk']

entities_list: @entity11320 :: ('6689', 'Species') :: ['Penaeus vannamei']

entities_list: @entity7733 :: ('MESH:D058494', 'Disease') :: ['eye stalk, hepatopancreas, muscle']

answer: @entity7733 :: (MESH:D058494,Disease) :: ['eye stalk, hepatopancreas, muscle']


abstract: The internal mammary artery is used with increasing frequency for myocardial revascularization. However, preoperative coronary angiography does not always provide adequate visualization of subclavian arteries. If a proximal @entity3526 exists or develops in a @entity1 who has myocardial revascularization with the internal mammary artery, graft malfunction can occur resulting in @entity741 . We have identified four cases of internal mammary artery graft malfunction at our own institution and identified an additional 12 cases from the literature. These 16 cases are analyzed for age, sex, time of onset of symptoms, clinical findings, method of revascularization, and long-term follow-up. Sixty-three percent of the @entity1 were @entity1 , and the mean age was 52.9 +/- 9.0 years. Onset of symptoms occurred after a mean interval of 25.1 months from the time of myocardial revascularization. Three @entity1 had asymptomatic reversal of flow in the internal mammary artery as diagnosed by coronary arteriography during routine follow-up examination before 1980. One @entity204 after internal mammary artery-coronary bypass grafting was related to immediate malfunction. In the remaining 12 @entity1 with symptomatic malfunction, all but one were treated by placement of a carotid-subclavian bypass graft with no mortality. Relief of @entity741 was complete in 93% of the @entity1 with a mean follow-up of 29.3 months. Carotid-subclavian bypass grafting appears to be the treatment of choice for the usual management of internal mammary artery graft dysfunction. Careful preoperative evaluation and postoperative follow-up of the subclavian arteries, even by simple comparison of bilateral arm blood pressure should help reduce the incidence of this syndrome.

title: XXXX caused by postoperative malfunction of a patent internal mammary coronary arterial graft.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity3526 :: ('MESH:D013349', 'Disease') :: ['subclavian artery stenosis']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial ischemia']

answer: @entity741 :: (MESH:D017202,Disease) :: ['Myocardial ischemia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Breast-conserving surgery (BCS) is the preferred treatment for nonpalpable @entity0 . The outcome, however, may be disappointing. In this study surgical outcome in a large cohort of @entity1 diagnosed with nonpalpable @entity0 is evaluated. METHODS: In 833 @entity1 with 841 nonpalpable @entity0 the number of re-excisions and type of surgical procedures was calculated and summed per @entity1 . Subsequently, the number of conversions to mastectomy and the number of days until @entity5 removal were analyzed. In a subgroup analysis the @entity1 with an in situ @entity189 were compared with the @entity1 with an @entity189 . RESULTS: The initial surgery consisted of BCS for 589 @entity5 (70%) and of mastectomy for 242 @entity5 (29%). For ten @entity5 (1%) the initial surgery was unknown. After BCS, 158/589 @entity5 (27%) required a re-excision: 116/337 (34%) for the in situ @entity189 and 63/504 (13%) for the invasive @entity189 (p = 0.0001). The number of conversions from BCS to mastectomy was 106/589 (18%): 66/241 (28%) in @entity1 diagnosed with an in situ @entity189 versus 40/348 (11%) in @entity1 with an @entity189 (p = 0.0001). The median number of days until @entity5 removal was 28, being 38 days for the in situ @entity189 and 25 days for the invasive @entity189 (p = 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: There is room for improvement in the surgical treatment of nonpalpable @entity0 , especially the relatively favorable in situ @entity189 , as it requires significantly more excisions, mastectomies, conversions to mastectomy, and days for complete removal.

title: Surgical outcome of XXXX with core-biopsy-proven nonpalpable @entity0 : a large cohort follow-up study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomas', 'carcinoma', 'invasive carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['complete tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast carcinoma', 'breast carcinomas']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: To investigate the influence of different treatment factors in the outcome and rehabilitation after @entity173 , a series of 282 consecutive @entity1 with femoral neck or @entity173 were followed up prospectively for two years postoperatively. The long-term results were analysed by a review of the @entity1 ' records after 10 years. The hospital stay and aftercare in the total material were shorter when the operation was not delayed. In @entity1 from their own homes, the hospital stay was influenced by the day of operation in relation to admission, the duration of operation and the operative result (the possibility of achieving stable internal fixation). Social rehabilitation was affected by day of operation, duration of @entity260 in the femoral neck group and by postoperative complications in the trochanteric group. The walking capacity was reduced after the @entity174 in most @entity1 and only about one-half of the @entity1 became independent walkers. Reoperations led to a greatly increased length of hospital stay in @entity1 with @entity173 and to a moderate increase in those with cervical @entity174 . @entity174 healing was influenced by treatment factors both in the femoral neck group (poor reduction and @entity86 ) and in the trochanteric group ( @entity86 and unstable internal fixation). Mortality was related to preoperative factors and was not influenced by the treatment. The frequency of the occurrence of another @entity173 up to 10 years postoperatively was 17.4%, with an equal distribution of @entity174 types.

title: Influence of treatment factors on the outcome after XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'Fracture', 'fracture']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['operation and postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity173 :: ('MESH:D006620', 'Disease') :: ['trochanteric fractures', 'hip fractures', 'hip fracture']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative infection']

answer: @entity173 :: (MESH:D006620,Disease) :: ['hip fractures']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Sympathetic activation promotes hemostasis, and @entity510 ( @entity510 ) is associated with pronounced sympathetic activation. This investigation will assess whether catecholaminergic activity relates to venous thrombotic events in @entity1 with acute @entity510 . METHODS: Observational study of consecutive @entity510 grade 3-5 @entity1 requiring ventriculostomy insertion who did not undergo open surgical treatment of @entity438 . Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were obtained within 48 h of @entity548 for assay of @entity2661 , which were related to occurrence of @entity1150 ( @entity1150 ) and @entity1151 ( @entity1151 ). RESULTS: Of the 92 subjects, mean age was 57 years, 76% were female, and 57% Caucasian; 11% experienced lower extremity (LE) @entity1150 , 12% developed @entity2045 ( @entity2045 ) or LE @entity1150 , and 23% developed any @entity1150 / @entity1151 . Mean time to occurrence of @entity2045 /LE @entity1150 was 7.8 days (+/-5.9 days), and mean time to development of @entity1151 was 8.8 days (+/-5.4 days). In hazards analysis models, independent predictors of LE @entity1150 included @entity296 ( @entity296 ) [HR 4.97 (95%CI 1.32-18.7)], @entity1063 / @entity11724 ratio (NE/ @entity11724 ) [3.81 (2.04-7.14)], NE [5.91 (2.14-16.3)], and @entity935 (DA) [2.27 (1.38-3.72)]. Predictors of @entity2045 /LE @entity1150 included @entity296 [5.78 (1.70-19.7)], @entity385 [4.01 (1.18-13.7)], NE [3.58 (1.40-9.19)], NE/ @entity11724 [3.38 (1.80-6.33)] and DA [2.01 (1.20-3.35)]. Predictors of @entity1150 / @entity1151 included Hunt-Hess grade (H/H) [3.02 (1.19-7.66)], NE [2.56 (1.23-5.37)] and @entity9191 ( @entity9191 ) [3.49 (1.01-12.0)]. CONCLUSIONS: In severe @entity510 , central sympathetic activity and clinical manifestations of (nor)adrenergic activity relate to the development of @entity1211 . @entity5733 activation may promote hemostasis, or may represent a biomarker for @entity1150 .

title: Association between sympathetic response, @entity296 , and @entity1211 in @entity1 with primary XXXX .

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['neurogenic cardiomyopathy', 'NC']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['SAH', 'subarachnoid hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity2045 :: ('MESH:D009207', 'Disease') :: ['upper extremity', 'UE']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity5733 :: ('D002395', 'Chemical') :: ['Catecholamine']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['PE', 'pulmonary embolization']

entities_list: @entity1150 :: ('MESH:D020246', 'Disease') :: ['deep venous thrombosis', 'venous thromboses', 'DVT']

entities_list: @entity11724 :: ('MESH:C010117', 'Chemical') :: ['3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycol', 'DHPG']

entities_list: @entity9191 :: ('MESH:D004295', 'Chemical') :: ['DOPA', '3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['venous thromboemboli']

entities_list: @entity2661 :: ('MESH:D002395', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamines']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['norepinephrine']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral infarction']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral aneurysm']

answer: @entity510 :: (MESH:D013345,Disease) :: ['subarachnoid hemorrhage']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Optimizing the hormonal environment during the postprandial period in favor of increased anabolism is of interest to many active individuals. Data are conflicting regarding the acute hormonal response to high fat and high @entity1735 feedings. Moreover, to our knowledge, no studies have compared the acute hormonal response to ingestion of lipid and @entity1735 meals of different size. METHODS: We compared the hormonal response to lipid and @entity1735 meals of different caloric content during the acute postprandial period. Nine healthy @entity1 (22    2 years) consumed in a random order, cross-over design one of four meals/beverages during the morning hours in a rested and fasted state: @entity413 at 75 g (300 kcals), dextrose at 150 g (600 kcals), lipid at 33 g (300 kcals), lipid at 66 g (600 kcals). Blood samples were collected Pre meal, and at 0.5 hr, 1 hr, 2 hr, and 3 hr post meal. Samples were assayed for @entity251 , @entity701 , and @entity2690 using ELISA techniques. Area under the curve (AUC) was calculated for each variable, and a 4   5 ANOVA was used to further analyze data. RESULTS: A meal   time effect (p = 0.0003) was noted for @entity2690 , with values highest for the dextrose meals at the 0.5 hr and 1 hr times, and relatively unaffected by the lipid meals. No interaction (p = 0.98) or meal (p = 0.39) effect was noted for @entity251 , nor was an interaction (p = 0.99) or meal (p = 0.65) effect noted for @entity701 . However, a time effect was noted for both @entity251 (p = 0.04) and @entity701 (p < 0.0001), with values decreasing during the postprandial period. An AUC effect was noted for @entity2690 (p = 0.001), with values higher for the dextrose meals compared to the lipid meals (p < 0.05). No AUC effect was noted for @entity251 (p = 0.85) or @entity701 (p = 0.84). CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate that 1) little difference is noted in serum @entity251 or @entity701 during the acute postprandial period when healthy @entity1 consume lipid and dextrose meals of different size; 2) Both @entity251 and @entity701 experience a drop during the acute postprandial period, which is similar to what is expected based on the normal diurnal variation--feeding with lipid or dextrose meals does not appear to alter this pattern; 3) dextrose meals of either 75 g or 150 g result in a significant increase in serum @entity2690 , in particular at 0.5 hr and 1 hr post-ingestion; 4) lipid meals have little impact on serum @entity2690 .

title: Hormonal response to lipid and XXXX meals during the acute postprandial period.

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['dextrose']

answer: @entity1735 :: (CHEBI:16646,Chemical) :: ['carbohydrate']


abstract: We observed the three-dimensional structures of the external surface and connective tissue cores CTCs, after exfoliation of the epithelium of the lingual papillae (filiform, fungiform, and foliate papillae) of the common @entity17179 ( @entity17179 amphibius) using scanning electron microscopy and conventional light microscopy. Following unique features were found; typical @entity1829 with a circumferential furrow were not observable. Instead, numerous large fungiform papillae were rather densely distributed on the posterior of the lingual prominence. Taste buds were observable only on the dorsal epithelium. Serous lingual gland was not seen in the lamina propria; however, mucous-rich mixed lingual glands were found and in a few of orifices were seen on the large fungiform tops. Lingual prominence was diminished their width. Rather long and slender @entity1829 were distributed on the lingual prominence and were similar to nonruminant herbivore, that is @entity15382 . Beside this narrow lingual prominence, lateral slopes were situated with numerous short spine-like protrusions. After removal of the epithelium, CTCs of lateral slopes exhibited attenuated flower bud structures. Large- @entity1829 were situated on the root of the tongue. These large @entity1829 were not seen among ruminants and seen on the lingual root of omnivores and carnivores. It implies that lingual structure of common @entity17179 possessed mixed characteristics between Perissodactyls, Ruminantia, and nonherbivores such as Suiformes because of their unique evolutionally taxonomic position. Moreover, adaptation for soft grass diet and associating easier mastication may be also affecting these mixed morphological features of the tongue.

title: Light and scanning electron microscopic study on the tongue and lingual papillae of the common @entity17179 , XXXX amphibius.

entities_list: @entity1829 :: ('MESH:D010211', 'Disease') :: ['conical papillae', 'vallate papillae']

entities_list: @entity17179 :: ('9833', 'Species') :: ['Hippopotamus amphibius', 'hippopotamus']

answer: @entity17179 :: (9833,Species) :: ['Hippopotamus amphibius']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Similar to matrix metalloproteinases, glycosidases also play a major role in cartilage degradation. @entity1735 cleavage products, generated by these latter enzymes, are released from degrading cartilage during @entity625 . Some of the cleavage products (such as hyaluronate oligosaccharides) have been shown to bind to Toll-like receptors and provide endogenous danger signals, while others (like @entity3954 ) are reported to have chondroprotective functions. In the current study for the first time we systematically investigated the expression of glycosidases within the joints. METHODS: Expressions of beta-D-hexosaminidase, @entity12398 , hyaluronidase, sperm adhesion molecule 1 and @entity15461 genes were measured in synovial fibroblasts and synovial membrane samples of @entity1 with @entity309 and @entity571 by real-time PCR. @entity12398 , beta-D-glucosaminidase and beta-D-galactosaminidase activities were characterized using chromogenic or fluorogenic substrates. Synovial fibroblast-derived microvesicles were also tested for glycosidase activity. RESULTS: According to our data, beta-D-hexosaminidase, @entity12398 , hyaluronidase, and @entity15461 are expressed in the synovial membrane. Hexosaminidase is the major glycosidase expressed within the joints, and it is primarily produced by synovial fibroblasts. @entity12744 subunit gene, one of the two genes encoding for the alpha or the beta chains of hexosaminidase, was characterized by the strongest gene expression. It was followed by the expression of @entity17883 subunit gene and the @entity12398 gene, while the expression of hyaluronidase-1 gene and the @entity15461 gene was rather low in both synovial fibroblasts and synovial membrane samples. @entity5 growth factor-beta1 profoundly downregulated glycosidase expression in both @entity309 and @entity571 derived synovial fibroblasts. In addition, expression of cartilage-degrading glycosidases was moderately downregulated by proinflammatory cytokines including @entity310 , @entity1356 and @entity4155 . CONCLUSIONS: According to our present data, glycosidases expressed by synovial membranes and synovial fibroblasts are under negative regulation by some locally expressed cytokines both in @entity309 and @entity571 . This does not exclude the possibility that these enzymes may contribute significantly to cartilage degradation in both @entity2720 if acting in collaboration with the differentially upregulated proteases to deplete cartilage in glycosaminoglycans.

title: Gene expression and activity of cartilage degrading glycosidases in XXXX @entity309 and @entity571 synovial fibroblasts.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['arthritis']

entities_list: @entity3954 :: ('CHEBI:28009', 'Chemical') :: ['N-acetyl glucosamine']

entities_list: @entity12398 :: ('2990', 'Gene') :: ['beta-D-glucuronidase', 'beta-D-Glucuronidase']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['Carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity2720 :: ('MESH:D007592', 'Disease') :: ['joint diseases']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity75 ( @entity75 ) comprises clinical and radiologic findings with rapid onset and potentially dire consequences. @entity1 experience @entity101 , @entity410 , @entity10 , @entity227 , and/or altered mentation. Magnetic resonance imaging reveals @entity2657 (especially in the parietal and occipital lobes). In this report, the authors describe @entity75 associated with antidisialoganglioside (anti-GD2 ) monoclonal antibody (MoAb) immunotherapy, which is now standard for high-risk @entity521 but has not previously been implicated in @entity75 . METHODS: Successive clinical trials using the anti-GD2 MoAb 3F8 (a @entity19 immunoglobulin 3 MoAb specific for GD2) for @entity1 with @entity521 involved multiple cycles of standard-dose 3F8 (SD-3F8) (20 mg/m2 daily for 5 days per cycle) or 2 cycles of high-dose 3F8 (HD-3F8) (80 mg/m2 daily for 5 days per cycle) followed by cycles of SD-3F8. RESULTS: @entity75 was diagnosed in 5 of 215 @entity1 (2.3%), including 3 of 160 (1.9%) who received SD-3F8 and 2 of 55 (3.6%) who received HD-3F8 (P = .6). All 5 @entity1 had a rapid return to clinical-radiologic baseline. @entity75 occurred in 3 of 26 @entity1 (11.5%) whose prior treatment included external-beam radiotherapy to the brain (2 of 6 @entity1 status-post total body irradiation and 1 of 20 @entity1 status-post craniospinal irradiation) compared with 2 of 189 @entity1 (1.1%) who had not received prior brain irradiation (P = .01). @entity101 , which is strongly linked to @entity75 , reached grade 3 @entity137 in 12 of 215 @entity1 (5.6%), including the 5 @entity1 with @entity75 and 7 @entity1 without @entity75 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 who receive anti-GD2 MoAb immunotherapy should be closely monitored for, and undergo urgent treatment or evaluation of, symptoms that may herald @entity75 (eg, @entity101 or @entity10 ). Prior brain irradiation may be a predisposing factor for @entity75 with this immunotherapy.

title: XXXX in @entity521 patients receiving anti-GD2 3F8 monoclonal antibody.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual disturbance']

entities_list: @entity2657 :: ('MESH:D001929', 'Disease') :: ['edematous changes in the brain']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'Hypertension']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['PRES', 'Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome']

entities_list: @entity521 :: ('MESH:D009447', 'Disease') :: ['neuroblastoma']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache', 'headaches']

answer: @entity75 :: (MESH:D001927,Disease) :: ['Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study identifies risk factors that predispose hospitalized @entity1 to @entity294 caused by @entity2718 . DESIGN: Unlike most previous studies, this case-control study accounts for horizontal ( @entity1 -to- @entity1 ) transmission of this infectious organism by matching on location. SETTING: An urban community hospital of 600 beds with both primary care and referred @entity1 . @entity1 : Both the 36 cases and the 36 controls came from billing printouts for @entity2718 cytotoxin assays. Exclusion criteria included out- @entity1 specimens and stays of 38 days or more. Controls had negative assays and were individually matched on the basis of the floor and by the general date of specimen collection. RESULTS: Cases had a longer mean duration of antibiotic use (6.7 versus 4.1 days, p = .006). Of the other 22 factors that were evaluated for their risk of predisposing to @entity2718 , only @entity3402 (OR = 3.50, p = .09) and third-generation cephalosporins (OR = 3.00, p = .04) showed any association. The odds ratio for third-generation cephalosporins in the absence of @entity3402 was 3.50 (p = .09). Data were collected by physicians who were not blinded. CONCLUSIONS: This study found that the @entity3402 and third-generation cephalosporins were risk factors for @entity2718 -associated @entity294 after controlling for horizontal transmission. First-generation cephalosporins were not risk factors (OR = 0.86), while sample size considerations prevented firm conclusions about second-generation cephalosporins (OR = 1.67, p = .23). Many of the previously alleged risk factors might be explained by the horizontal transmission of an infectious disease; for instance, this seems a better explanation for an outbreak on a surgery ward than does surgery itself.

title: Risk factors for XXXX cytotoxin-positive @entity294 after control for horizontal transmission.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS', 'person']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity2718 :: ('1496', 'Species') :: ['Clostridium difficile', 'C difficile']

entities_list: @entity3402 :: ('MESH:D002981', 'Chemical') :: ['clindamycin']

answer: @entity2718 :: (1496,Species) :: ['Clostridium difficile']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity25 is common among @entity1 with @entity712 ( @entity712 ) who also experience symptom burden and poor functional performance. OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the extent to which sleep-related, daytime symptoms (fatigue, excessive @entity25 , and @entity308 ) mediate the relationship between @entity25 and functional performance among @entity1 with stable @entity712 . METHODS: We recruited @entity1 with stable @entity712 for this secondary analysis of data from a cross-sectional, observational study. @entity1 completed unattended ambulatory polysomnography from which the Respiratory Disturbance Index was calculated, along with a Six-Minute Walk Test, questionnaires to elicit @entity25 (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, @entity22 Symptoms from the Sleep Habits Questionnaire), daytime symptoms (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, Global Fatigue Index, Epworth Sleepiness Scale), and self-reported functional performance (Medical Outcomes Study SF36 V2 Physical Function Scale). We used structural equation modeling with latent variables for the key analysis. Follow-up, exploratory regression analysis with bootstrapped samples was used to examine the extent to which individual daytime symptoms mediated effects of @entity25 on functional performance after controlling for clinical and demographic covariates. RESULTS: The sample included 173 New York Heart Association Class I-IV @entity712 @entity1 (n = 60/34.7% @entity1 ; M = 60.7, SD = 16.07 years of age). Daytime symptoms mediated the relationship between @entity25 and functional performance. Fatigue and @entity308 mediated the relationship between @entity22 symptoms and self-reported functional performance, whereas @entity25 mediated the relationship between @entity25 and functional performance. Sleepiness mediated the relationship between the respiratory index and self-reported functional performance only in @entity1 who did not report @entity22 . CONCLUSIONS: Daytime symptoms explain the relationships between @entity25 and functional performance in stable @entity712 .

title: Sleep Disturbance, Daytime Symptoms, and Functional Performance in XXXX With Stable Heart Failure: A Mediation Analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'Participants', 'people']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['HF', 'heart failure']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive symptoms', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['fatigue and sleepiness', 'daytime sleepiness', 'sleep quality', 'Sleep disturbance', 'sleep disturbance']

entities_list: @entity22 :: ('MESH:D007319', 'Disease') :: ['Insomnia', 'insomnia']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: Subtalar arthrodesis was performed on a 48-year-old, non-insulin-dependent @entity6 with a history of chronic ankle instability and lateral @entity158 . In the early post-operative period he presented as an emergency with an @entity281 at the operative site. This was treated with 2 returns to the operating theatre for washout and debridement. His wounds were left open and at 3 weeks after emergency admission he was referred for adjunctive hyperbaric @entity26 (HBO) therapy to aid healing by secondary intention. He received a total of 19 hyperbaric sessions, at a pressure of 2.2 ATA, one treatment per day for 5 days a week. Shortly after commencing HBO therapy his ankle became increasingly @entity158 , despite the introduction of analgesia. By 7 weeks after emergency admission his wounds had virtually healed but @entity17401 persisted over the dorsum of the foot. A computerized tomography scan at 5 1/2 months post-operatively showed @entity2720 and revealed no evidence of @entity281 . Symptoms and signs at this time were compatible with a diagnosis of @entity1118 ( @entity1118 ). There is published evidence to suggest that HBO therapy may be a useful modality in the treatment of established @entity1118 . Here, we seek to publicize a case in which early treatment with HBO for another indication did not prevent the simultaneous development of @entity1118 Type 1.

title: Chronic XXXX after subtalar arthrodesis is not prevented by early hyperbaric @entity26 .

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['ankle pain', 'painful']

entities_list: @entity2720 :: ('MESH:D007592', 'Disease') :: ['satisfactory joint fusion']

entities_list: @entity17401 :: ('MESH:D006941', 'Disease') :: ['hyperesthesia']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic regional pain syndrome', 'CRPS']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['regional pain syndrome']


abstract: PREMISES AND AIM: The study wants to reveal the general and local clinical aspects, which may accompany the @entity30550 and create difficulties in treatment. MATERIAL AND METHOD: The clinical and statistical study was carried out on 40 edentulous @entity1 ; we analyzed general aspects (the present medical status, the @entity1 's medication and its effects) and local aspects (the etiology, the type of previous denture treatment, the type and number of denture's repairs, the extent of the residual ridge resorption, the relationship between residual ridges), the total difficulty of the treatment. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS: 80% of the edentulous @entity1 suffered from @entity66 , more frequent from cardiovascular, digestive, metabolic, renal, @entity627 . 73% of the edentulous @entity1 received daily medication, which generated in 30% of cases a decrease of the saliva volume. The demand for prosthetic treatment was greater for the recent edentulous @entity1 (less then 1-2 years of edentulousness) or for those who lost their teeth more then 6 years ago. The majority of @entity1 over 70 years are completely bimaxillary edentulous @entity1 , 68% of them had previous bimaxillary dentures. We found the bone resorption moderate (50% of cases) and severe (33% of @entity1 ), the relationship of the residual ridges inverse in the anterior and posterior zones (60% of @entity1 ) and normal in the anterior zone and inverse in the posterior zone (28%). The difficulty of the treatment was frequently 3Pd degree for the maxilla and 4t' degree for the mandible (the maximum degree of difficulty). CONCLUSIONS: The completely edentulous @entity1 presents a number of general and local modifications, which increase the difficulty of the treatment, demand supplementary therapeutic procedures, and increase the total cost. The modifications of the oral structures demand specific therapeutic procedures, and in some cases the frequent renewal or adaptation of dentures (every 3-5 years); all those costs must be took over by the insurance company, because of their social status (pensioners).

title: [Epidemiologic aspects of the XXXX (II). General and local features of the totally @entity30550 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity30550 :: ('MESH:D009066', 'Disease') :: ['completely edentulous mouth']

entities_list: @entity627 :: ('MESH:D012216', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatic diseases']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['general diseases']

answer: @entity30550 :: (MESH:D009066,Disease) :: ['edentulous mouth']


abstract: Antiphospholipid antibody is associated with a clinical syndrome of vascular @entity715 , @entity882 , recurrent fetal loss, and @entity12288 , whether or not a clinical diagnosis of @entity1252 ( @entity1252 ) coexists. A positive antiphospholipid antibody test is defined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (antiphospholipid antibody itself) or by coagulation assay ( @entity4555 ). These are similar but not identical antibodies. The test for syphilis is less closely related to the preceding two and is less regularly associated with clinical complications. The mechanism of action of either antiphospholipid antibody or @entity4555 is as yet unknown. @entity1252 -induced but not infection-induced antiphospholipid antibody has immunoglobulin G2 (IgG2) and IgG4 predominance. It recognizes all negatively charged phospholipids, but various physical characteristics of the phospholipids alter the recognition patterns. Treatment for the @entity1701 has not been clearly defined. Anticoagulation with @entity117 , heparin, or @entity1229 is currently favored. A role for @entity228 remains to be demonstrated.

title: XXXX : immunologic and clinical aspects.

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity1252 :: ('MESH:D008180', 'Disease') :: ['SLE', 'systemic lupus erythematosus']

entities_list: @entity228 :: ('CHEBI:50858', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroid']

entities_list: @entity1701 :: ('MESH:D016736', 'Disease') :: ['antiphospholipid antibody syndrome']

entities_list: @entity4555 :: ('MESH:C531622', 'Disease') :: ['lupus anticoagulant']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity12288 :: ('MESH:D054068', 'Disease') :: ['livedo reticularis']

entities_list: @entity1229 :: ('MESH:D014859', 'Chemical') :: ['warfarin']

answer: @entity1701 :: (MESH:D016736,Disease) :: ['Antiphospholipid antibody syndrome']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the risk of @entity583 , @entity712 , and @entity204 in @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 treated with @entity6170 and @entity12098 . DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: Ontario, Canada. @entity1 : Outpatients aged 66 years and older who were started on @entity6170 or @entity12098 between 1 April 2002 and 31 March 2008. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Composite of @entity204 or hospital admission for either @entity583 or @entity712 . In a secondary analysis, each outcome was also examined individually. RESULTS: 39 736 @entity1 who started on either @entity12098 or @entity6170 were identified. During the six year study period, the composite outcome was reached in 895 (5.3%) of @entity1 taking @entity12098 and 1563 (6.9%) of @entity1 taking @entity6170 . After extensive adjustment for demographic and clinical factors and drug doses, @entity12098 treated @entity1 had a lower risk of developing the primary outcome than did @entity1 treated with @entity6170 (adjusted hazard ratio 0.83, 95% confidence interval 0.76 to 0.90). Secondary analyses revealed a lower risk of @entity204 (adjusted hazard ratio 0.86, 0.75 to 0.98) and @entity712 (0.77, 0.69 to 0.87) with @entity12098 but no significant difference in the risk of @entity583 (0.95, 0.81 to 1.11). One additional composite outcome would be predicted to occur annually for every 93 @entity1 treated with @entity6170 rather than @entity12098 . CONCLUSIONS: Among older @entity1 with @entity6 , @entity12098 is associated with a significantly lower risk of @entity712 and @entity204 than is @entity6170 . Given that @entity6170 lacks a distinct clinical advantage over @entity12098 , continued use of @entity6170 may not be justified.

title: Adverse cardiovascular events during treatment with @entity12098 and XXXX : population based cohort study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity12098 :: ('MESH:C060836', 'Chemical') :: ['pioglitazone']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['acute myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity6170 :: ('MESH:C089730', 'Chemical') :: ['rosiglitazone']

answer: @entity6170 :: (MESH:C089730,Chemical) :: ['rosiglitazone']


abstract: Conclusions: @entity1 in the following groups more often develop @entity299 over time than @entity1 who are not subjected to- the specified exposure at work: Those with job strain (i.e. experience psychological demands, but lack control of their own working situation); or those who experience work as mentally stressful; or those who lack control; or those who experience effort-reward imbalance. Those who experience low social support at work; those who experience injustice at work; or those who have insufficient opportunities for personal development; or those who experience job insecurity. Those who work night schedules; or have long working weeks. Those who are exposed to noise . @entity1 in the following groups more often develop @entity64 over time than @entity1 who are not subjected to the specified exposure at work: Those who lack control. Those who have shift-work. Those who are exposed to noise. Those who are exposed to ionizing radiation at work . @entity1 in the following groups more often develop @entity101 over time than @entity1 who are not subjected to the specified exposure at work: Those who experience job strain (i.e. find their work demanding, but lack control from their working situation); or those who experience effort-reward imbalance. Those who have shift-work . @entity1 and @entity1 with similar occupational exposures develop @entity65 to the same extent, in relative terms. During the working years, the risk for @entity1 to suffer or die acute @entity583 or @entity64 approximately doubles that for @entity1 . @entity65 has serious consequences for affected individuals, their families and the society. Prevention has the potential to reduce suffering for the individual and to save resources. This report presents research-based knowledge about occupational exposure and @entity65 that is useful for future interventions in the workplace.

title: Occupational Exposures and XXXX

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Women', 'people', 'People', 'men']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart disease']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['Cardiovascular disease', 'cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity65 :: (MESH:D002318,Disease) :: ['Cardiovascular Disease']