abstract: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of naturally occurring, small, non-coding RNAs that control gene expression during development,normal cell function and disease. Although there is emerging evidence that some miRNAs can function as oncogenes or @entity5 suppressors, there is limited understanding of the role of miRNAs in @entity5 . In this study, we observed that the expression of @entity6557 was inversely correlated with @entity11049 expression in several different @entity0 cell lines. @entity11049 is a stress-induced @entity32408 whose expression is elevated or localization perturbed in several different @entity5 . Increased cytoplasmic localization of @entity11049 is a prognostic marker in @entity0 . Real time PCR and gene reporter assays indicated that @entity11049 was translationally repressed by @entity6557 . Re-establishing @entity6557 expression in @entity0 cells decreased @entity11049 protein level and inhibited cell growth. Using MCF-7 @entity0 cells, we further clarified that @entity6557 inhibited cell growth via a dramatic suppression of cell proliferation and promotion of apoptosis.In addition, cell migration was also inhibited by @entity6557 overexpression. Importantly, the repression of cell proliferation and migration engendered by @entity6557 was partly rescued by @entity11049 re-expression. Our results suggest that @entity6557 may function as a @entity5 suppressor for @entity0 , with @entity11049 as a direct and functional target.

title: MicroRNA-125a represses cell growth by targeting XXXX in @entity0 .

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast carcinoma', 'breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancers', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity32408 :: ('27303', 'Gene') :: ['RNA binding protein']

answer: @entity11049 :: (1994,Gene) :: ['HuR']


abstract: Predicting pressure induced wall stress in @entity438 continues to be of interest for @entity439 safety assessment. In quasi-static analysis, there are two distinct approaches that one may take, the forward approach and the inverse approach. The inverse approach starts from a deformed configuration and thus is naturally suited to image-based, @entity1 -specific analysis. Early studies by the authors' team suggested that the inverse approach, in the context of estimating the wall stress in @entity438 , depends weakly on the material description. In this article, we present a population study to further demonstrate the inverse method, in particular, the remarkable feature of insensitivity to material properties. Twenty-six @entity439 models derived from @entity1 -specific images were employed in the study. Wall stresses were predicted in both the inverse and forward approaches using three material models. Results showed that, while forward computation yielded up to ~100% stress difference between some materials, the inverse solutions stayed close across materials. The inverse method, in addition to being methodologically accurate in dealing with pre-deformations, has the added convenience of insensitivity to uncertainties in wall tissue properties. New insight into the stress-geometry relation was also discussed.

title: A shell-based inverse approach of stress analysis in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial aneurysms', 'cerebral aneurysms']

answer: @entity438 :: (MESH:D002532,Disease) :: ['intracranial aneurysms']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine, in real life practice, the impact of anti- @entity5 @entity39 factor ( @entity310 on glucocorticoid (GC) use in @entity309 ( @entity309 ) @entity1 . METHODS: This systematic monocenter retrospective before-after study enrolled all @entity309 @entity1 who started their first anti- @entity310 treatment between January 2004 and December 2006 and were followed more than 3 months after anti- @entity310 initiation. Paired comparisons were performed to compare GC intake during the year before anti- @entity310 initiation and during the first year of treatment; each @entity1 was his/her own control. Comparisons between @entity1 who reduced their oral @entity229 intake and those who did not, were also performed to identify variables associated with @entity229 decrease. RESULTS: 110 @entity1 were included (90 females/20 males, age: 42.1+/-14.4 years, disease duration: 10.6+/-10.2 years). Etanercept was prescribed in 70 (63.6%) @entity1 , adalimumab in 35 (31.8%) and infliximab in 5 (4.6%). At anti- @entity310 initiation, 79 @entity1 (71.8%) were taking oral @entity229 (mean dose 7.3+/-2.6 mg/d). Of the 82 @entity229 -users (74.5% of @entity1 ), 62 (75.6%) had lowered @entity229 doses, whereas 12 (14.6%) and 10 (12.2%) @entity1 had stable or increased doses, respectively. Twelve @entity1 (15.2%) discontinued oral @entity229 . Overall, a significant decrease of 28% of oral @entity229 use was observed. The only factors associated with oral @entity229 decrease were higher initial @entity229 daily doses (p=0.04) and female sex (p=0.04). CONCLUSION: This study showed a significant GC sparing-effect of anti- @entity310 in @entity309 @entity1 in real life practice that was observed for oral, parenteral and intra-articular administration, as early as the first 3 months of treatment.

title: Glucocorticoid sparing effect of XXXX @entity39 factor alpha inhibitors in @entity309 in real life practice.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumour']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Colonic microbial metabolism substantially contributes to uremic retention solutes in CKD. @entity35926 is the main representative of this group of solutes, relating to adverse outcomes. Other than @entity597 conjugation, @entity607 is subjected to endogenous @entity17490 conjugation. Whether the balance between @entity597 and @entity17490 conjugation is relevant in CKD is unexplored. DESIGN, SETTING, @entity1 , _ MEASUREMENTS: We prospectively followed 488 @entity1 with CKD stages 1-5 (enrollment between November of 2005 and September of 2006; follow-up until December of 2010). Serum and urine levels of @entity35926 and @entity35927 were measured using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Total amount of microbial @entity607 was calculated by the sum of serum @entity35926 and @entity35927 . Outcome analysis was performed for mortality and @entity65 . RESULTS: Serum @entity35926 was a median of 193.0-fold (interquartile range, 121.1-296.6) higher than serum @entity35927 , with a significant correlation between @entity470 and proportion of serum @entity35926 to @entity17490 (rho=0.23; P=0.001). There was also a significant correlation between @entity470 and proportion of 24-hour urinary excretion of @entity35926 to @entity17490 (rho=0.32; P<0.001). Higher serum @entity607 and lower proportion of serum @entity35926 to @entity17490 were jointly and significantly associated with mortality (hazard ratio per SD higher, 1.58; 95% confidence interval, 1.10 to 2.29; P=0.01 and hazard ratio, 0.65; 95% confidence interval, 0.47 to 0.89; P<0.01, respectively) and @entity65 (hazard ratio, 1.68; 95% confidence interval, 1.27 to 2.22; P<0.001 and hazard ratio, 0.55; 95% confidence interval, 0.42 to 0.72; P<0.001, respectively) after adjustment for @entity470 , Framingham risk factors, mineral bone metabolism markers, @entity1851 , and albumin. CONCLUSIONS: @entity607 shows a preponderance of @entity597 conjugation, although a relatively diminished sulfotransferase activity can be suggested in @entity1 with advanced CKD. Along with total @entity607 burden, a relative shift from @entity597 to @entity17490 conjugation is independently associated with mortality and @entity65 , warranting increased focus to the dynamic interplay between microbial and endogenous metabolism.

title: Metabolism, Protein Binding, and Renal Clearance of Microbiota-Derived @entity607 in XXXX with CKD.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

entities_list: @entity35927 :: ('MESH:C485699', 'Chemical') :: ['p-cresyl glucuronide']

entities_list: @entity35926 :: ('MESH:C408690', 'Chemical') :: ['p-Cresyl sulfate', 'p-cresyl sulfate']

entities_list: @entity607 :: ('MESH:C032538', 'Chemical') :: ['p-cresol', 'p-Cresol']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity17490 :: ('CHEBI:15341', 'Chemical') :: ['glucuronide']

entities_list: @entity597 :: ('CHEBI:16189', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfate']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical effect of cell-assisted lipotransfer (CAL) for breast augmentation. METHODS: 18 @entity1 accepted breast augmentation using CAL. 10 @entity1 completed 6-month follow-up and were involved in the study. The adipose tissue was harvested from @entity1 ' thighs, flanks and lower abdomen with Lipokit. After standing, 250 ml fatty portion and 500 ml fluid portion of suction aspirates were processed according to the procedures reported in reference. Flow-cytometry was used to detect the percentage of adipose-derived stem cells(ADSCs) in distilled @entity455 ( @entity455 ). The differentiation function of cultured cells also was assessed. The breast volume and images were evaluated by using MRI before operation, 3 and 6 months after operation. The breast volume was marked as V0, V3 and V6 respectively. The resorption rate of transplanted adipose tissue for each breast was calculated and marked as R3 and R6. RESULTS: Averagely, the percentage of ADSCs in freshly distilled @entity455 was 41.67%. The in-vitro cultured cell grew well and could differentiate into fat, bone and cartilage. Statistics showed that V0, V3 and V6 was (416.19 +/- 40.43) ml, (551.72 +/- 59.86) ml and (538.81 +/- 68.35) ml respectively. R3 and R6 was (51.20 +/- 11.96)% and (54.22 +/- 12.73)%. There was significant difference between V3 and V0 (P < 0.05), V6 and V0. However, no significant difference was showed between V3 and V6 or R3 and R6. In addition, no cyst or @entity730 was seen in all MRI images. CONCLUSIONS: In process of breast augmentation using CAL, the distilled @entity455 contains 41.67% ADSCs which have @entity177 . Within 3-month post-operation, the breast volume decreases obviously but the volume sustains after that. Compared with the preoperative volume, the 6-month postoperative volume is significantly increased and the breasts' contour is improved greatly. This study indicates that CAL is a safe and effective way for breast augmentation.

title: [Cell-assisted lipotransfer for breast augmentation: a report of 18 XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['calcification']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['SVF', 'stromal vascular fraction']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['adipogenic, osteogenic and chondrogenic function']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Cholinergic agonists produce spinal antinociception via mechanisms involving an increased release of intraspinal @entity934 . The cholinergic receptor system interacts with several other receptor types, such as alpha2-adrenergic receptors. To fully understand these interactions, the effects of various receptor ligands on the cholinergic system must be investigated in detail. This study was initiated to investigate the effects of the alpha2-adrenergic receptor agonists @entity1338 and @entity23189 and the alpha2-adrenergic receptor antagonists @entity3160 and @entity26276 on spinal cholinergic receptors in the @entity35 . Spinal microdialysis was used to measure in vivo changes of @entity934 after administration of the ligands, with or without nicotinic receptor blockade. In addition, in vitro binding properties of the ligands on muscarinic and nicotinic receptors were investigated. It was found that @entity1338 and @entity23189 increased, while @entity3160 decreased spinal @entity934 release. @entity26276 affected @entity934 release differently depending on concentration. Nicotinic receptor blockade attenuated the effect of all ligands. All ligands showed poor binding affinity for muscarinic receptors. On the other hand, all ligands possessed affinity for nicotinic receptors. @entity1338 and @entity3160 binding was best fit to a one site binding curve and @entity23189 and @entity26276 to a two site binding curve. The present study demonstrates that the tested alpha2-adrenergic receptor ligands affect intraspinal @entity934 release in the @entity35 evoked by nicotinic receptor mechanisms in vivo, and that they possess binding affinity to nicotinic receptors in vitro. The binding of alpha2-adrenergic receptor ligands to nicotinic receptors might affect the intraspinal release of @entity934 .

title: The effects of the alpha2-adrenergic receptor agonists @entity1338 and @entity23189 , and antagonists @entity3160 and @entity26276 , on the spinal cholinergic receptor system in the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3160 :: ('MESH:D015016', 'Chemical') :: ['yohimbine']

entities_list: @entity23189 :: ('MESH:C032302', 'Chemical') :: ['rilmenidine']

entities_list: @entity26276 :: ('MESH:C062597', 'Chemical') :: ['efaroxan', 'Efaroxan']

entities_list: @entity1338 :: ('MESH:D003000', 'Chemical') :: ['Clonidine', 'clonidine']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Aortic augmentation index (AIx) but not carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) has reported to decrease in response to vasodilators, which has been related to changes in the timing and/or intensity of wave reflection. Yet, recent evidence indicates that arterial reservoir pressure rather than wave reflection is the most important determinant of AIx. METHODS: Using radial artery applanation tonometry and a general transfer function AIx, aortic pulse wave reflection time and cfPWV (foot-to-foot method) were determined in 10 @entity1 with severe @entity11460 and in 14 healthy individuals during supine rest and graded head-up tilting. RESULTS: During supine rest, mean blood pressure (BP) (127.6  21.5 and 97.5  9.4mmHg), AIx (32.4  13.0 and 23.1  8.7%) and cfPWV (12.1  3.6 and 8.9  1.6m/s) were higher in @entity1 than in controls. In @entity1 , BP decreased by 18.7  9.8 and 39.6  11.7%, AIx by 39.2  27.5 and 100.9  78.1% and cfPWV by 12.0  10.5 and 27.7  13.5% in response to 30 and 60   head-up tilting. Decreases in AIx and cfPWV correlated with the BP fall (r=0.67, P=0.001 and r=0.75, P<0.001), but changes in AIx and cfPWV were unrelated. In controls, AIx during head-up tilting decreased despite increases in vascular tone and cfPWV. Aortic reflection time in @entity1 and controls during tilting did not change. Stepwise regression analysis revealed that 68% of the variation in AIx could be explained by the BP fall and reflection time and 76% of the variation in cfPWV by the BP fall and sex. CONCLUSION: In a clinical model of @entity11460 , both AIx and cfPWV largely depend on instantaneous BP, but these two variables are unrelated, supporting the contention that aortic reservoir pressure rather than wave reflection is the main determinant of AIx.

title: Aortic augmentation index and pulse wave velocity in response to head-up tilting: effect of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity11460 :: ('MESH:D012791', 'Disease') :: ['autonomic failure']

answer: @entity11460 :: (MESH:D012791,Disease) :: ['autonomic failure']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1165 ( @entity1165 ) during ambulatory electrocardiographic monitoring (typically occurring at rest or during sleep) is associated with an increased risk of @entity1164 in @entity1 with @entity1121 . The prevalence and prognostic significance of @entity943 during exercise is unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS: This was a cohort study, with prospective data collection. We studied 1380 @entity1 , referred to a @entity296 clinic in London, UK [mean age 42 years ( @entity168 15); 62% male; mean follow-up 54 ( @entity168 49) months]. @entity1 underwent two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiography, upright exercise testing, and Holter monitoring. Twenty-seven @entity1 [mean age 40 ( @entity168 14) years (18-64); 22 (81.5%) male] had @entity1165 (24) or @entity2224 ( @entity2224 ) (3) during exercise. During exercise, 13 (54.2%) had more than one run of @entity1165 (maximum 5) with a mean heart rate of 221 ( @entity168 48) b.p.m. @entity1 with exercise @entity1165 / @entity2224 had more severe @entity1184 (22.6 vs. 19.5 mm, P = 0.009) and larger left atria (47.3 vs. 43.7 mm, P = 0.03). Male gender was significantly associated with exercise @entity1165 / @entity2224 [22 (81.5%) vs. 832 (61.5%), P = 0.03]. Eight (29.6%) of the exercise @entity1165 / @entity2224 @entity1 died or had a @entity299 ( @entity168 / @entity1479 discharge/transplant) compared with 150 (11.1%) @entity1 without exercise @entity1165 / @entity2224 , P = 0.008. @entity1 with @entity1165 / @entity2224 had a 3.73-fold increase in risk of @entity168 / @entity1479 discharge (HR 95% CI: 1.61-8.63, P = 0.002). Exercise @entity1165 alone was associated with a 2.82-fold increased risk (HR 95% CI: 1.02-7.75, P = 0.049). In multivariable analysis with other risk markers, exercise @entity1165 / @entity2224 (but not @entity1165 alone) was independently associated with an increased risk of @entity168 / @entity1479 [HR 3.14 (95% CI: 1.29-7.61, P = 0.01)]. CONCLUSION: @entity943 during symptom limited exercise is rare in @entity1 with @entity1121 , but is associated with an increased risk of @entity1164 .

title: Exercise-induced @entity943 and risk of XXXX in @entity1 with @entity1121 .

entities_list: @entity1164 :: ('MESH:D016757', 'Disease') :: ['sudden cardiac death']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['NSVT', 'Non-sustained ventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['Ventricular arrhythmia', 'ventricular arrhythmias']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity2224 :: ('MESH:D014693', 'Disease') :: ['VF', 'ventricular fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac event']

entities_list: @entity1121 :: ('MESH:D002312', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophic cardiomyopathy']

answer: @entity1164 :: (MESH:D016757,Disease) :: ['sudden cardiac death']


abstract: Macrophages (M  ) orchestrate inflammatory and reparatory processes in injured connective tissues but their role during different phases of tendon healing is not known. We investigated the contribution of different M   subsets in an @entity1641 model of naturally occurring @entity1796 . Post mortem tissues were harvested from normal (uninjured), sub-acute (3-6 weeks post injury) and chronically injured (>3 months post injury) superficial @entity1795 . To determine if @entity32 was present in injured tendons, M   sub-populations were quantified based on surface antigen expression of CD172a (pan M  ), @entity32566 (high)CD206(low) (pro-inflammatory M1M  ), and CD206(high) (anti-inflammatory M2M  ) to assess potential polarised phenotypes. In addition, the Lipoxin A(4) receptor ( @entity32567 /ALX) was used as marker for resolving @entity32 . Normal tendons were negative for both M   and @entity32567 /ALX. In contrast, M1M   predominated in sub-acute injury, whereas a potential phenotype-switch to M2M   polarity was seen in @entity8638 . Furthermore, @entity32567 /ALX expression by tenocytes was significantly upregulated in sub-acute but not @entity8638 . Expression of the @entity32567 /ALX ligand @entity32568 was also significantly increased in sub-acute and chronic injuries in contrast to low level expression in normal tendons. The combination of reduced @entity32567 /ALX expression and persistence of the M2M   phenotype in @entity8638 suggests a potential mechanism for incomplete @entity32 after @entity1796 . To investigate the effect of pro-inflammatory mediators on @entity20447 ( @entity20447 ) production and @entity32567 /ALX expression in vitro, normal tendon explants were stimulated with @entity13666 and @entity1421 . Stimulation with either mediator induced LXA(4) release and maximal upregulation of @entity32567 /ALX expression after 72 hours. Taken together, our data suggests that although tenocytes are capable of mounting a protective mechanism to counteract inflammatory stimuli, this appears to be of insufficient duration and magnitude in natural @entity1796 , which may potentiate @entity32 and fibrotic repair, as indicated by the presence of M2M  .

title: Macrophage sub-populations and the lipoxin A4 receptor implicate active XXXX during @entity1641 tendon repair.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['chronic inflammation', 'inflammation', 'resolution of inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1421 :: ('MESH:D015232', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandin E(2)']

entities_list: @entity1796 :: ('MESH:D013708', 'Disease') :: ['tendon injury']

entities_list: @entity8638 :: ('MESH:D020208', 'Disease') :: ['chronic injury']

entities_list: @entity1795 :: ('MESH:D052582', 'Disease') :: ['digital flexor tendons']

answer: @entity32 :: (MESH:D007249,Disease) :: ['inflammation']


abstract: @entity1405 , a third generation non-selective adrenoreceptor blocker, is widely used in cardiology. Its action has been proven to reach beyond adrenergic antagonism and involves multiple biological mechanisms. The interaction between @entity1405 and endogenous 'gasotransmitter' @entity3957 ( @entity3958 ) is unknown. The aim of the study is to assess the influence of @entity1405 on the @entity3958 tissue level in @entity19 brain, liver, heart and kidney. Twenty eight SJL strain female @entity19 were administered intraperitoneal injections of 2.5 mg/kg b.w./d (group D1, n=7), 5 mg/kg b.w./d (group D2, n=7) or 10 mg/kg b.w./d of @entity1405 (group D3, n=7). The control group (n=7) received physiological saline in portions of the same volume (0.2 ml). Measurements of the free tissue @entity3958 concentrations were performed according to the modified method of Siegel. A progressive decline in @entity3958 tissue concentration along with an increase in @entity1405 dose was observed in the brain (12.5%, 13.7% and 19.6%, respectively). Only the highest @entity1405 dose induced a change in @entity3958 tissue level in the heart - an increase by 75.5%. In the liver medium and high doses of @entity1405 increased the @entity3958 level by 48.1% and 11.8%, respectively. In the kidney, group D2 showed a significant decrease of @entity3958 tissue level (22.5%), while in the D3 group the @entity3958 concentration increased by 12.9%. Our study has proven that @entity1405 affects @entity3958 tissue concentration in different @entity19 organs.

title: @entity1405 induces endogenous XXXX tissue concentration changes in various @entity19 organs.

entities_list: @entity3957 :: ('MESH:D006862', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrogen sulfide']

entities_list: @entity1405 :: ('MESH:C043211', 'Chemical') :: ['carvedilol', 'Carvedilol']

answer: @entity3957 :: (MESH:D006862,Chemical) :: ['hydrogen sulfide']


abstract: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are noncoding, single-stranded RNA molecules that have important roles in a number of physiological and pathological processes. Previous studies have proved that miRNAs targeting @entity18075 and @entity18436 may repress epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. In this work, we studied the intrarenal expression of miR-200 family, @entity16106 and @entity15457 in @entity1 with immunoglobulin A (IgA) @entity8 . We studied 43 @entity1 with biopsy-proven @entity8 (IgA group). The intrarenal expression of miRNAs was quantified and compared with that of 15 @entity1 with @entity631 ( @entity1412 group) and 20 @entity1 with @entity703 as controls (CTL group). The level of intrarenal @entity18076 was downregulated, whereas the levels of intrarenal @entity18842 , @entity16106 and @entity15457 were upregulated in IgA but not @entity1412 group. @entity644 significantly correlated with the intrarenal expression of @entity18076 (r=-0.324, P=0.011) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) significantly correlated with the intrarenal expression of @entity16106 (r=-0.280, P=0.030). The degree of tubulointerstitial scarring correlated with @entity16106 expression (r=0.389, P=0.021), whereas @entity631 correlated with @entity15457 expression (r=-0.311, P=0.045). The rate of GFR decline significantly correlated with the intrarenal expression of @entity15457 (r=0.373, P=0.015). The intrarenal expression of @entity5962 significantly correlated with the intrarenal expression of @entity18076 (r=0.392, P=0.002). The results show that intrarenal expression of @entity18076 , @entity18842 , @entity16106 and @entity15457 was diversely regulated and correlated with disease severity and progression in @entity1 with @entity8 . These miRNA species may be important in the pathogenesis and progression of @entity8 .

title: Intrarenal expression of microRNAs in XXXX with @entity8 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['Proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['nephropathy', 'IgA nephropathy']

entities_list: @entity631 :: ('MESH:D005921', 'Disease') :: ['glomerulosclerosis', 'noninflammatory glomerulosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity703 :: ('MESH:D007680', 'Disease') :: ['nephrectomy for kidney cancer']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: We aimed to evaluate the relation between QT variables and left ventricular geometry in @entity2587 and @entity28 @entity1 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: This study included 209 @entity1 and adolescents. Thirty-eight of them were @entity28 , 140 were @entity2587 and 31 were normal weighted. @entity1 with history of functional and structural @entity65 (acquired and congenital), chronic @entity262 , @entity101 , sleep @entity386 , @entity74 were excluded. All subjects underwent detailed electrocardiographic and echocardiographic examination. RESULTS: QT dispersion was significantly higher in @entity28 @entity1 , basketball players, football players and swimmers compared to control group (p < 0.05, p < 0.001, < 0.001 and < 0.01 respectively). Basketball players had the highest QT dispersion. Left ventricular endsystolic diameter (mm/m2) was higher in footballers, swimmers, wrestlers and tennis players compared to @entity28 subjects. Interventricular septal thickness at diastole was highest in swimmers compared to control group (p < 0.001) and left ventricular posterior wall thickness was significantly higher in footballers and swimmers compared to healthy subjects (p < 0.01 and p < 0.001 respectively). Left ventricular geometry was normal in 84 @entity1 (47.1%), but 34 @entity1 (19.1%) had concentric remodelling, 20 (22.4%) had @entity1184 and 40 (28.6%) had @entity1184 . No concentric and @entity1184 was observed in @entity28 subjects. Left ventricle @entity1184 was prominent in dynamic and combined groups but it was not statistically significant (p = 0.204). QT dispersion was statistically higher in @entity28 , dynamic sports and combined sports compared to control group (p < 0.05, p < 0.001 and p < 0.001 respectively). DISCUSSION: In this study we determined that QT dispersion is elevated in dynamic and combined sports types and @entity28 @entity1 . CONCLUSION: QT dispersion is prolonged in @entity28 and @entity2587 who participate dynamic and combined sports.

title: Relation between QT Variables and Left Ventricular Geometry in Athletes and Obese XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['eccentric hypertrophy', 'concentric hypertrophy', 'hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity262 :: ('MESH:D034721', 'Disease') :: ['systemic diseases']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['endocrinological disorders']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular diseases']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Children']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine functions of the exercise ECG in the light of the recent National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence guidelines recommending that it should not be used for the diagnosis or exclusion of @entity5749 . DESIGN: Qualitative ethnographic study based on interviews and observations of clinical practice. SETTING: 3 rapid access @entity662 clinics in England. @entity1 : Observation of 89 consultations in @entity662 clinics, 18 @entity1 interviews and 12 clinician interviews. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Accounts and observations of consultations in @entity662 clinics. RESULTS: The exercise ECG was observed to have functions that extended beyond diagnosis. It was used to clarify a @entity1 's story and revise the initial account. The act of walking on the treadmill created an additional opportunity for dialogue between clinician and @entity1 and engagement of the @entity1 in the diagnostic process through precipitation of symptoms and further elaboration of symptoms. The exercise ECG facilitated reassurance in relation to exercise capacity and tolerance, providing a platform for behavioural advice particularly when exercise was promoted by the clinician. CONCLUSIONS: Many of the practices that have been built up around the use of the exercise ECG are potentially beneficial to @entity1 and need to be considered in the re-design of services without that test. Through its contribution to the @entity1 's history and to subsequent advice to the @entity1 , the exercise ECG continues to inform the specialist assessment and management of @entity1 with new onset stable @entity662 , beyond its now marginalised role in diagnosis.

title: Treading carefully: a qualitative ethnographic study of the clinical, social and educational uses of exercise ECG in evaluating stable XXXX .

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['chest pain']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity5749 :: ('MESH:D060050', 'Disease') :: ['stable angina']

answer: @entity662 :: (MESH:D002637,Disease) :: ['chest pain']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: @entity1583 progenitor cells (HPCs) may attenuate the response to @entity1317 by maintaining endothelial integrity and function. Our aim was to determine whether circulating @entity4306 number and function correlate with @entity256 after carotid endarterectomy. METHODS: @entity4306 number ( @entity2280 (+)/CD133(+) cells), early colony-forming units, migratory capacity, and senescence were analyzed in blood collected preoperatively, 1 day, and 6 weeks postoperatively. Mobilizing cytokine levels were also measured. @entity850 was assessed by duplex scanning. RESULTS: @entity4306 numbers (P<0.001) and early colony-forming unit count (P=0.001) fell rapidly 24 hours postoperatively. @entity256 at 6 months correlated negatively with the magnitude of postoperative falls in @entity4306 numbers (R=-0.38, P=0.013) and early colony-forming unit counts (R=-0.42, P=0.008). The migratory capacity of preoperative HPCs correlated negatively with @entity256 (R=-0.48, P=0.007). Preoperative @entity1570 levels correlated with falls in @entity4306 number (R=0.42, P=0.044) and early colony-forming unit counts (R=0.56, P=0.004). CONCLUSIONS: @entity4306 function appears to be linked to the development of @entity2998 after endarterectomy. These data support the concept that HPCs have a role in regulating remodeling of the injured arterial wall.

title: @entity1583 progenitor cells and XXXX after carotid endarterectomy.

entities_list: @entity256 :: ('MESH:D023903', 'Disease') :: ['restenosis', 'Restenosis']

entities_list: @entity2998 :: ('MESH:D002340', 'Disease') :: ['carotid artery restenosis']

entities_list: @entity1583 :: ('MESH:D019337', 'Disease') :: ['Hematopoietic']

entities_list: @entity1317 :: ('MESH:D057772', 'Disease') :: ['vascular injury']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['Stenosis']

answer: @entity256 :: (MESH:D023903,Disease) :: ['restenosis']


abstract: Cedecea spp. which are the members of Enterobacteriaceae family, are mostly isolated from sputum and their clinical importance is not yet demonstrated. This report presents a @entity55 case caused by Cedecea lapagei. A 38-years-old male @entity1 admitted to Inonu University Faculty of Medicine Emergency department with prediagnosis of @entity510 was operated and transferred to Intensive Care Unit of Reanimation where he underwent artificial ventilation. On the third day of hospitalization his temperature was 39 degrees @entity1762 blood cell count was 27.000/ml and he was still unconscious. He had a history of @entity1030 . Chest X-ray revealed @entity231 in the right lower lobe and mucoid tracheal secretion ensued following tracheal entubation performed after operation. Direct microscopic examination of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid yielded abundant number of leukocytes and gram-negative bacilli. Bacteria isolated from BAL specimen were identified as C. lapagei by Phoenix 100 (Becton Dickinson, USA) automated system and also by API 20E kit (Biomerieux, France). Upon the initiation of intravenous @entity4509 (1 x 1 g) and @entity2889 (3 x 1 g), the signs of @entity281 decreased in intensity, however, the @entity1 was lost due to @entity510 on the 12th day of hospitalization. In this case it was estimated that C. lapagei @entity55 originated from the aspiration of upper airway secretion owing to unconsciousness of the @entity1 . Although there were reports of @entity281 in the literature, this was the first documented case of C. lapagei @entity55 when the accessible related literature was concerned.

title: [A XXXX case caused by Cedecea lapagei].

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['opacities']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['subarachnoid haemorrhage', 'subarachnoid hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity4509 :: ('MESH:D000583', 'Chemical') :: ['amikacin']

entities_list: @entity2889 :: ('MESH:C059500', 'Chemical') :: ['meropenem']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection', 'Cedecea infections']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease']

answer: @entity55 :: (MESH:D011014,Disease) :: ['pneumonia']


abstract: Primary @entity1893 of the extrahepatic bile duct presenting as @entity3883 is extremely rare. A 60-year-old @entity1 was admitted due to suddenly developed @entity1087 . Computerized tomography and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography showed a @entity5 at the proximal common hepatic duct. These clinical and radiologic findings resembled those of @entity6984 . The resection of the common hepatic duct @entity5 , lymph node dissection, and Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy were carried out. There was no regional lymph node @entity3 and no @entity41 at the resection margins. Histology and immunohistochemistry of the resected specimen confirmed a diffuse large B-cell @entity706 involving the common hepatic duct. The @entity1 is scheduled to receive adjuvant chemotherapy. In summary, primary @entity1893 of the extrahepatic bile duct, despite its rarity, should be considered in the differential diagnosis of causes for @entity3883 . An accurate histopathologic diagnosis and surgical resection combined with chemotherapy may be the approach to offer a chance for cure.

title: [A case of primary @entity706 mimicking XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity3883 :: ('MESH:D041781', 'Disease') :: ['obstructive jaundice']

entities_list: @entity41 :: ('MESH:D018365', 'Disease') :: ['residual tumor']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['malignant lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ["non-Hodgkin's lymphoma", 'non-Hodgkins lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity6984 :: ('MESH:D018285', 'Disease') :: ['Klatskin tumor']

answer: @entity6984 :: (MESH:D018285,Disease) :: ['Klatskin tumor']


abstract: After treatment with alpha-methyldopa a regression of @entity4346 , due to @entity101 , has been reported in spontaneously @entity101 @entity35 . The reduction of left ventricular mass has been associated with an increase in @entity720 concentration, suggesting secondary functional changes. On this basis, 12 @entity1 with essential @entity101 and echocardiographic evidence of @entity4346 have been studied before and after a 6-month alpha-methyldopa treatment. Ten normal subjects were used as a control group. Curves of changes in left ventricular diameter and velocity curves were obtained by digitation of the M-mode endocardial echoes and the diastolic patterns were studied. Before treatment all @entity1 , as compared to normal subjects, showed: (a) prolongation of the isovolumetric relaxation time index, with increased diameter changes; (b) reduction of diameter changes and peak velocity during the rapid filling; and (c) marked compensatory increase of diameter changes and peak velocity of the filling due to atrial systole. @entity4346 was reduced in 5 @entity1 (first group) after treatment. This group showed: (a) normalization of the isovolumetric relaxation time index; (b) slight increase of diameter changes during rapid filling; (c) increased peak velocity of the rapid filling; and (d) reduction of diameter changes and peak velocity during atrial systole. No changes of functional data were observed in the other 7 @entity1 (second group) in whom @entity4346 was unchanged after treatment. It is shown how the reduction of @entity4346 , per se, could induce such an improvement of diastolic function, despite the biochemical changes probably caused by administration of alpha-methyldopa.

title: Left ventricular filling pattern in @entity101 XXXX after reversal of myocardial hypertrophy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity720 :: ('CHEBI:18095', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxyproline']

entities_list: @entity4346 :: ('MESH:D017379', 'Disease') :: ['Left ventricular hypertrophy', 'left ventricular hypertrophy']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: @entity303 is a major problem of health in developed societies. @entity195 ( @entity195 ), @entity1294 , and mixed @entity303 account for over 90% of the most prevalent forms of @entity303 . Both genetic and environmental factors are determinant for the phenotypic expression of @entity303 . @entity195 is a @entity74 in which many different gene clusters may be involved. Most genes screened to date belong to different proteomic and metabolomic pathways potentially affecting @entity195 pathogenesis. The   4 variant of the @entity2204 gene seems to be a major risk factor for both @entity1294 . Metabolic factors, @entity1504 , and epigenetic phenomena also contribute to @entity179 . Five categories of genes are mainly involved in pharmacogenomics: genes associated with disease pathogenesis, genes associated with the mechanism of action of a particular drug, genes associated with phase I and phase II metabolic reactions, genes associated with transporters, and pleiotropic genes and/or genes associated with concomitant pathologies. The @entity2204 and @entity5320 genes have been extensively studied in @entity195 . The therapeutic response to conventional drugs in @entity1 with @entity195 is genotype specific, with @entity5320 -PMs, @entity5320 -UMs, and @entity2204 /4 carriers acting as the worst responders. @entity2204 and @entity5320 may cooperate, as pleiotropic genes, in the metabolism of drugs and hepatic function. The introduction of pharmacogenetic procedures into @entity195 pharmacological treatment may help to optimize therapeutics.

title: Genomics of @entity303 : @entity2204 - and XXXX -Related Pharmacogenetics.

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['Dementia', 'dementia']

entities_list: @entity1294 :: ('MESH:D015140', 'Disease') :: ['vascular dementia', 'degenerative and vascular dementia']

entities_list: @entity1504 :: ('MESH:D002561', 'Disease') :: ['cerebrovascular disorders']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['neurodegeneration']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['complex disorder']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['AD', "Alzheimer's disease"]

answer: @entity5320 :: (1565,Gene) :: ['CYP2D6']


abstract: Grade 4 @entity11 ( @entity11 ) is a fatal disease despite aggressive surgical and adjuvant therapies. The hallmark of @entity5 is the presence of pseudopalisading @entity39 and microvascular proliferation. These @entity5 cells are @entity519 and express @entity519 -inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), a prosurvival transcription factor that promotes formation of neovasculature through activation of target genes, such as vascular endothelial growth factor. Here, we evaluated whether @entity22487 , a microtubule and HIF-1 inhibitor, would have therapeutic potential for this disease in a 9L @entity35 orthotopic @entity3038 model using a combination of noninvasive imaging methods: magnetic resonance imaging to measure the @entity5 volume and bioluminescence imaging for HIF-1 activity. After imaging, histologic data were subsequently evaluated to elucidate the drug action mechanism in vivo. Treatment with @entity22487 (60-600 mg/kg/d) resulted in a dose-dependent inhibition of @entity5 growth. This effect was also associated with improved @entity5 oxygenation as assessed by @entity12184 staining, decreased @entity16705 protein levels, and microtubule destabilization as assessed by deacetylation. Our results indicate that @entity22487 may be a promising chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of @entity11 , with significant growth inhibition. Further studies are needed to assess the effect of low or intermediate doses of @entity22487 in combination with chemotherapeutic agents in clinical studies focused on @entity11 . In addition to showing @entity5 growth inhibition, we identified three potential surrogate biomarkers to determine the efficacy of @entity22487 therapy: decreased @entity16705 levels, alpha-tubulin acetylation, and degree of @entity519 as determined by @entity12184 staining.

title: Antitumor effect of @entity22487 in a XXXX orthotopic brain tumor model.

entities_list: @entity3038 :: ('MESH:D018316', 'Disease') :: ['gliosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'GBM tumors']

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['malignant glioma', 'GBM', 'malignant gliomas']

entities_list: @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxic', 'hypoxia']

entities_list: @entity22487 :: ('MESH:C022830', 'Chemical') :: ['2-methoxyestradiol']

entities_list: @entity12184 :: ('MESH:C033815', 'Chemical') :: ['pimonidazole']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study is to estimate the costs for the foreseeable management of @entity137 (papulo-pustular reactions) in @entity1 treated with @entity3866 for @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) in order to value the direct medical economical impact. No studies like the above have been published until now. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed all consecutive @entity1 with @entity1149 treated with @entity3866 at Clinical Oncology Unit of University Hospital of Ferrara, Italy from June 2007 to May 2011. We evaluated severity and median duration of papulo-pustular reactions for each grade and we identified costs for the different therapeutic interventions. RESULTS: We evaluated 25 @entity1 . Median time follow-up was 18.65 months (range 5.69-88.36). Finally, follow-up 7 @entity1 (28.0%) were alive with @entity3 and 18 @entity1 (72.0%) were deceased. Nineteen @entity1 (76.0%) developed papulo-pustular reactions: 2 @entity1 (10.5%) mild @entity1910 , 11 @entity1 (57.9%) moderate @entity1910 and 6 @entity1 (31.6%) severe @entity1910 ; no case of hospitalization was observed. Median duration of mild @entity1910 was 97 days (costs-range: 157.7-452.2    ), median duration of moderate @entity1910 was 89 days (costs-range: 438.7-1035.6    ) and median duration of severe @entity1910 was 34 days (costs-range: 460.3-1057.2    ). CONCLUSIONS: Our experience, though the analysis of not selected case study, showed that management of @entity137 related to @entity3866 is not so expensive, especially for low grade; therefore, we also recommended to give particular attention to low grade of @entity137 for reducing progression to high grade and consequent risk of hospitalization, which really impact on costs.

title: The management of @entity137 during @entity3866 in advanced XXXX : how much does it cost?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['skin toxicities', 'skin toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity3866 :: ('MESH:C400278', 'Chemical') :: ['erlotinib']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']


abstract: @entity637 plays a central role in the pathogenesis of @entity32 such as @entity309 and @entity19 @entity99 induced by injection of @entity8688 and subsequent @entity558 . Recombinant Fc-fused soluble TNF receptor II (sTNFRII-Fc) has been used in the treatment of @entity309 for a decade. We have recently constructed a novel fusion protein sTNFRII-gAD, which is composed of a soluble TNF receptor II and a globular domain of adiponectin. Utilizing the inclination of gAD to form homologous trimer naturally, we sought to explore @entity637 antagonism of the novel trimerized sTNFRII-gAD and meantime compare @entity637 -neutralizing effects in vitro and in vivo between sTNFRII-Fc and sTNFRII-gAD. Here, we evaluated the @entity637 -antagonizing activity of sTNFRII-gAD with @entity637 -induced L929 @entity137 assay. Furthermore, sTNFRII-Fc or sTNFRII-gAD was administered simultaneously with @entity8688 1h prior to @entity558 injection in the @entity19 model of @entity99 . Serum @entity637 and @entity637 -sTNFRII-gAD complex were measured by ELISA and the @entity99 was assessed through @entity493 transaminase measurement and liver histological analysis. sTNFRII-gAD was shown to have higher @entity637 -neutralizing activity than sTNFRII-Fc (p<0.05) in the L929 @entity137 assay. With a significant attenuation of @entity19 lethality (p<0.05), sTNFRII-gAD showed more protective effects than sTNFRII-Fc in the @entity19 model of @entity99 . These results demonstrated that sTNFRII-gAD was more efficacious than sTNFRII-Fc as a @entity637 antagonist, highlighting the potential of sTNFRII-gAD for the treatment of diseases associated with excessive @entity637 .

title: Protective effects of a novel trimerized sTNFRII on XXXX .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory diseases']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity8688 :: ('CHEBI:60313', 'Chemical') :: ['D-galactosamine', 'd-galactosamine']

entities_list: @entity493 :: ('CHEBI:16449', 'Chemical') :: ['alanine']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['liver injury', 'acute liver injury']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']

answer: @entity99 :: (MESH:D056486,Disease) :: ['acute liver injury']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The intention of this study was the prospective analysis of @entity26907 after paramedian pons @entity1188 . METHODS: @entity1 with paramedian pons @entity1188 underwent MR imaging including diffusion tensor imaging at admission and got 1-3 MR scans up to 6 months of follow-up. Clinical scores and transcranial magnetic stimulation were acquired in the acute phase and 3-6 months later. The pyramidal tracts were manually segmented in fractional anisotropy (FA) color maps after coregistration of all MR datasets of each @entity1 . FA as well as axial and radial diffusivity were measured in the volume of lesioned and contralateral pyramidal tracts distally to the @entity2806 . RESULTS: From 11 @entity1 studied, 7 developed @entity6441 detected as statistically significant decrease in FA over time in the distal pyramidal tract. @entity6441 could be detected at the earliest between the first and the third days after the onset of symptoms. A continuous decrease in FA and an increase in axial and radial diffusivity in degenerating pyramidal tracts over time were demonstrated. A significant correlation between NIHSS score on admission and the slope of relative axial diffusivity and a significant correlation between motor-evoked potential amplitudes of the arm on admission and the outcome relative FA was found. CONCLUSIONS: The initial MR image cannot predict the following @entity6441 . However, the severity of motor disturbance and the motor-evoked potential of the arm on admission could be possible parameters to predict @entity6441 . For estimation of @entity6441 over time, at least 2 diffusion tensor imaging measurements have to be done at different time points.

title: XXXX after paramedian pons @entity1188 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic lesion']

entities_list: @entity26907 :: ('MESH:C531847', 'Disease') :: ['Wallerian degeneration of the pyramidal tract']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarct', 'infarction']

entities_list: @entity6441 :: ('MESH:D014855', 'Disease') :: ['Wallerian degeneration']

answer: @entity26907 :: (MESH:C531847,Disease) :: ['Wallerian degeneration of pyramidal tract']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5273 ( @entity5273 ) created with expanded @entity736 -covered stents have largely replaced bare metal stents. Short-term shunt patency is typically assessed with protocol Doppler ultrasound (US), while little information exists with regard to long-term patency. AIM: We investigated the value of Doppler US in assessing @entity5273 patency as well as long-term clinical outcomes. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 59 @entity1 with covered stents used for @entity5273 between January 2001 and December 2011 was performed. RESULTS: Fifty-four @entity1 had early (median 9  days) Doppler US follow-up. Seven of eight @entity1 with an abnormal baseline US required stent revisions. None of the 46 @entity1 with normal baseline Doppler US required revisions within the first 6  months; six of these @entity1 subsequently had a portogram because of symptoms, but all @entity5273 were patent. Fifty-two @entity1 survived for long-term (>6  months) follow-up, averaging 654  days and three Doppler US exams. Five of six @entity1 with abnormal follow-up Doppler US required revisions, whereas none of the 46 @entity1 with normal follow-up US had revisions. The recurrence of symptoms of portal @entity101 and/or @entity99 ( @entity99 ) was low (4/52 @entity1 ). No significant predictors of long-term @entity850 were identified. Post- @entity5273 @entity99 was independent of pre- @entity5273 @entity99 or @entity1 -Pugh score. CONCLUSIONS: Short-term patency and that at approximately 2  years after @entity5273 placement was 87 and 77  %, respectively. We conclude that Doppler US at least 1  week after @entity5273 is warranted, but repeated Doppler US follow-up is probably not necessary in the absence of clinical symptoms.

title: Long-term follow-up of @entity5273 created with expanded XXXX covered stents.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Child', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity5273 :: ('MESH:C562830', 'Disease') :: ['Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts', 'TIPS']

entities_list: @entity736 :: ('CHEBI:53251', 'Chemical') :: ['poly-tetrafluoroethylene']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic encephalopathy', 'HE']

answer: @entity736 :: (CHEBI:53251,Chemical) :: ['poly-tetrafluoroethylene']


abstract: PURPOSE: To quantify liver T1 relaxation times before and after @entity26 inhalation in @entity1 with and without @entity1575 using a 3 Tesla (T) MRI. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Institutional Review Board approval and written informed consent were obtained. Ninety-two noncirrhotic @entity1 and 87 @entity1 with @entity1575 (72 @entity1 -Pugh class A and 15 @entity1 -Pugh class B or C) underwent MRI with a 3.0T system before and after the supply of 100% @entity26 at a rate of 15 L/min by means of a nonrebreather ventilation mask for 3 min. T1 maps were acquired using three-dimensional spoiled gradient echo sequences with two different flip angles (2   and 14  ) and a fixed TR/TE (2.54 ms/0.95 ms). Liver T1 values were obtained using a T1 processing tool (MapIT software). The mean baseline T1 values of three groups (control, @entity1 -Pugh class A, and @entity1 -Pugh class B/C) were compared using an analysis of variance test. Liver T1 value before and after oxygenation was compared using a paired t-test for each group. RESULTS: The baseline liver T1 value was significantly higher in the control group (941    136 ms) than in @entity1 -Pugh A (858    143 ms) and @entity1 -Pugh B/C (783    164 ms) group (P < 0.001 and P < 0.0001). The reduction in the liver T1 value after @entity26 inhalation was significant in the control group (P = 0.012) but not significant in @entity1 -Pugh class A (P = 0.079) and @entity1 -Pugh class B/C (P = 0.752). CONCLUSION: The baseline liver T1 relaxation time was significantly different between the @entity1 with and without @entity1575 . The shortening effect of @entity26 on the liver T1 value was significant in the control group but not in the cirrhotic @entity1 .

title: Quantitative evaluation of @entity1575 using T1 relaxation time with 3 tesla MRI before and after XXXX inhalation.

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity1575 :: ('MESH:D008103', 'Disease') :: ['liver cirrhosis', 'hepatitis B viral liver cirrhosis']

answer: @entity26 :: (MESH:D010100,Chemical) :: ['oxygen']


abstract: Elevated sewage sludge concentrations of @entity13727 ( @entity13727 ) are due to their broad utilization in textiles and polymers, their resistance to biological degradation, and also their hydrophobic nature-which drives partitioning into wastewater solids. This study estimated the total U.S. emissions of @entity13728 due to sewage sludge land application and then determined the @entity1 inhalation exposure to sludge-associated @entity13727 as a function meteorological conditions and downwind distances from an application site. These aerosol exposures have also been incorporated into pharmacokinetic models to predict contributions to steady-state body burden. Our results suggest that while the amount of @entity13727 aerosolized during the land application process is small compared to aerosol emissions associated with product use, the application of sludges onto U.S. soils constitutes a major source of @entity13727 entering the outdoor environment. Regarding aerosol exposure to nearby residents, the maximum daily inhalation dosages from a common land application scenario occur immediately after sewage sludges are applied and were 137, 27, 1.9, and 81pg/day for significant congeners @entity20062 , -99, -153 and 209 respectively. These doses are 1-2 orders of magnitude less than the standard daily inhalation exposure to the same @entity13727 associated with home indoor air and are similar to doses from inhalation of urban and rural outdoor air. Under the worst-case atmospheric transport scenario, the dosages are reduced by approximately 1 order of magnitude when the setback distance between the sludge aerosolization source and @entity1 receptor is increased to 200m. Though the health implications of low-level exposures are not well-understood, these sludge-derived @entity13728 dosages contribute less than a tenth of 1% to the estimated total body burden of @entity13728 produced from inhalation of indoor and outdoor air, exposure to house dust, and exposure to @entity13728 from food and water intake. Overall, the inhalation of @entity13728 aerosols from sludge-applied fields does not represent a significant contribution to @entity1 exposure compared to other common indoor exposures. However, land application is a major environmental source of @entity13727 and sludge health impact analyses should focus on the practice's impacts on other exposures, such as biomagnification in aquatic and terrestrial food webs.

title: Modeling XXXX off-site aerosol exposures to polybrominated flame retardants emitted during the land application of sewage sludge.

entities_list: @entity13727 :: ('MESH:D055768', 'Chemical') :: ['polybrominated diphenyl ethers', 'PBDEs']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to calculate the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of different @entity8 to evaluate the ability of diffusion-weighted imaging in characterizing masses and determining @entity5 . METHODS: A total of 52 @entity1 consisting of 67 @entity8 and 28 @entity1 with 33 adrenal lesions in addition to 50 healthy controls with normal kidneys were enrolled in the study. Diffusion-weighted imaging was performed with b factors of 0, 500, and 1000 s/ @entity202 , and the @entity8 were calculated. RESULTS: The mean (SD) ADCs of the renal cortex and medulla of the control group were 2.08 (0.22) x 10(-3) and 1.94 (0.18) x 10(-3) @entity202 /s, respectively. @entity8 were as follows: simple cysts (2.94 [0.20] x 10(-3) @entity202 /s), @entity548 (1.71 [0.38] x 10(-3) @entity202 /s), @entity359 (1.40 [0.21] x 10(-3) @entity202 /s), @entity1358 (1.06 [0.39] x 10(-3) @entity202 /s), @entity3 (1.50 [0.13] x 10(-3) @entity202 /s), and @entity3041 (1.54 [0.25] x 10(-3) @entity202 /s). The mean ADCs of all these pathologies were significantly different when compared with normal parenchyma. Diffusion-weighted imaging was also able to differentiate @entity359 and @entity548 from @entity1358 . @entity75 were subgrouped as @entity652 (1.41 [0.27] x M10(-3) @entity202 /s), nonadenomatous solid masses (1.08 [0.28] x 10(-3) @entity202 /s), and cysts (2.82 [0.24] x 10(-3) @entity202 /s). The mean ADCs of @entity652 were significantly different when compared with nonadenomatous solid masses and cysts. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings show that ADC measurement has a potential ability to differentiate benign and malignant focal @entity8 with the guidance of conventional sequences. When used alone, diffusion-weighted imaging may lead to misdiagnoses due to overlapping ADCs of the lesions.

title: Diffusion-weighted imaging of the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['ADCs of the normal kidney and renal and adrenal lesions', 'renal lesions', 'Focal renal lesions', 'renal and adrenal lesions']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhagic cysts']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['Adrenal lesions']

entities_list: @entity3041 :: ('MESH:D006869', 'Disease') :: ['hydronephrosis']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['renal cell carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity359 :: ('MESH:D018207', 'Disease') :: ['angiomyolipomas']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['adenomas']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['renal and adrenal lesions']


abstract: Based on immunohistochemistry (IHC) and DNA ploidy, different paths of @entity105 have been suggested for @entity2969 ( @entity2969 ) and @entity4797 ( @entity4797 ). The present study extends current knowledge on the above parameters. METHOD: Seventeen SSs and twenty-two CSs were assessed by IHC for @entity10797 ( @entity10797 ), @entity2467 , cytokeratin and adhesion @entity1735 molecyles. All SSs and 11 CSs were also analysed for DNA ploidy. RESULTS: All CSs, but none of the SSs, were positive for @entity10797 . @entity2467 positivity was found in 7 of 17 SSs and in all CSs. The other IHC parameters were similarly distributed among the evaluated SSs and CSs. Fourteen SSs were diploid or polyploid, and three were @entity2007 . All CSs were @entity2007 . CONCLUSION: The new observation of @entity2467 positivity in about 40% of SSs suggests that at least some of the SSs originate from primordial cells. The predominantly diploid or polyploid DNA pattern indicates that SSs follow a pathogenetic pathway which is most probably different from that of CSs.

title: XXXX as compared to @entity4797 : an immunohistochemical and DNA flow cytometric study.

entities_list: @entity2007 :: ('MESH:D000782', 'Disease') :: ['aneuploid']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity2969 :: ('MESH:C563236', 'Disease') :: ['spermatocytic seminoma', 'SS']

entities_list: @entity4797 :: ('MESH:D018239', 'Disease') :: ['CS', 'classical seminoma']

entities_list: @entity10797 :: ('251', 'Gene') :: ['placental-like alkaline phosphatase', 'PLAP']

entities_list: @entity105 :: ('MESH:D063646', 'Disease') :: ['carcinogenesis']

answer: @entity2969 :: (MESH:C563236,Disease) :: ['Spermatocytic seminoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified a large number of variants (SNPs) associating with an increased risk of @entity453 ( @entity453 ). Recently, the CARDIoGRAM consortium published a GWAS based on the largest study population so far. They successfully replicated twelve already known associations and discovered thirteen new SNPs associating with @entity453 . We examined whether the genetic profiling of these variants improves prediction of subclinical @entity731 --i.e., @entity1004 ( @entity1004 ) and @entity2998 ( @entity2998 )--beyond classical risk factors. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We genotyped 24 variants found in a population of European ancestry and measured @entity1004 and @entity2998 in 2001 and 2007 from 2,081, and 2,015 subjects (aged 30-45 years in 2007) respectively, participating in the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study (YFS). The Bogalusa Heart Study (BHS; n=1179) was used as a replication cohort (mean age of 37.5). For additional replication, a sub-sample of 5 SNPs was genotyped for 1,291 individuals aged 46-76 years participating in the Health 2000 population survey. We tested the impact of genetic risk score (GRS(24SNP/ @entity453 )) calculated as a weighted (by allelic odds ratios for @entity453 ) sum of @entity453 risk alleles from the studied 24 variants on @entity1004 , @entity2998 , the incidence of @entity2998 and the progression of @entity1004 and @entity2998 during a 6-year follow-up. RESULTS: @entity1004 or @entity2998 did not significantly associate with GRS(24SNP/ @entity453 ) before or after adjusting for classical @entity453 risk factors (p>0.05 for all) in YFS or in the BHS. @entity1004 and @entity2998 associated with only one SNP each in the YFS. The findings were not replicated in the replication cohorts. In the meta-analysis @entity1004 or @entity2998 did not associate with any of the SNPs. CONCLUSION: Genetic profiling, by using known @entity453 risk variants, should not improve risk stratification for subclinical @entity731 beyond conventional risk factors among healthy young adults.

title: Genetic profiling using genome-wide significant @entity453 risk variants does not improve the prediction of subclinical XXXX : the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study, the Bogalusa Heart Study and the Health 2000 Survey--a meta-analysis of three independent studies.

entities_list: @entity1004 :: ('MESH:C563733', 'Disease') :: ['carotid intima-media thickness', 'CIMT']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['CAD', 'coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity2998 :: ('MESH:D002340', 'Disease') :: ['carotid atherosclerosis', 'carotid artery elasticity', 'CAE']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

answer: @entity731 :: (MESH:D050197,Disease) :: ['atherosclerosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To observe the coronary vessel lumen diameter and bifurcation angle in subjects with normal CT coronary angiography (CTCA) imaging. METHODS: 64-row CT coronary angiography imaging from 526 adult @entity1 with excellent image quality and normal vascular image were analyzed in this study. The lumen diameter from the origin to distal with 2 mm lumen of left main coronary artery (LM), anterior descending branch ( @entity3980 ), left circumflex branch (LCX) and right coronary artery (RCA) was measured at 1 cm interval in CPR image. The vascular tapered ratio was calculated. The bifurcation angle in the diagonal branch, obtuse marginal branch, posterior descending branch, acute marginal branch as well as the origin diameter was also measured in VR image. RESULTS: The @entity3980 average length was 13 cm and lumen diameter was 3.92 mm at origin and 2.10 mm at distal. The average decremented ratio of @entity3980 was 7.7% (male 7.0%, female 8.4%). The maximal decremented ratio 8.0% - 10.0% occurred at 3 - 5 cm apart from the origin of @entity3980 . The LCX average length was 13 cm and lumen diameter was 3.57 mm at origin and 2.10 mm at distal. The average decremented ratio of LCX was 9.7% (male 9.6%, female 9.7%). Lumen decremented ratio was less than 3.0% between origin and proximal 3 cm and 8.3% - 10.7% in the rest portion of the LCX. The RCA average length was 18 cm and lumen diameter was 3.97 mm at origin and 2.15 mm at distal. The average decremented ratio of RCA was 5.1% (male 4.9%, female 5.3%). The decremented ratio of RCR was less than 4.0% between origin and proximal 10 cm and 6.1% - 15.2% in the rest portion. The bifurcation angle was 50, 55, 66 and 76 degree for @entity3980 with diagonal branch, LCX with obtuse marginal branch, RCA with posterior descending branch and RCA with obtuse marginal branch respectively. CONCLUSION: Coronary artery length, lumen diameter and decremented ratio as well as bifurcation angel could be identified in 64 row CTCA image in vivo. This information could help us to understand the in vivo coronary artery anatomy.

title: [Coronary artery lumen diameter and bifurcation angle derived from CT coronary angiographic image in healthy XXXX ].

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['people']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity453 ( @entity453 ) is no more deemed to be an ailment of the 4th or 5th decade; rather an earlier age incidence is not infrequently encountered in our population. However, there are a few data regarding @entity453 in young adults, and much about its underlying pathology still remains undetermined. The objective of this study was to delineate the @entity453 pattern in adults under the age of 35 years, but having no known coronary risk factors. METHODS: This prospective study was conducted at the Cardiology Departments of all 3 public sector tertiary care hospitals in Peshawar from @entity1178 2008 to Dec 2009. After having excluded the traditional risk factors for @entity453 , @entity1 under the age of 35 years with objective evidence of @entity453 were subjected to percutaneous coronary angiography. RESULTS: Out of a total of 104 @entity1 , 85 (81.73%) @entity1 were @entity1 , and 19 (18.27%) were @entity1 . The mean age of the whole group was 32.66 +/- 3.237 (22-35) years. Significant @entity453 (> 50% diameter narrowing of at least one major coronary artery) was found in 87 (83.7%) @entity1 while 17 (16.3%) @entity1 had non-atherosclerotic @entity453 , including 12 (11.53%) @entity1 having normal coronary arteries, 1 (1%) @entity1 had @entity453 (RCA), 1 (1%) @entity1 had @entity301 , 2 (1.92%) @entity1 had @entity453 , and 1 (1%) @entity1 had a @entity296 over @entity6128 ( @entity6128 ). Among the @entity1 with significant @entity453 , the prevalence rate of one, two and three vessel disease was 54 (51.9%), 22 (21.2%) and 11 (10.6%) respectively. Almost 50% of the lesions occurred in @entity6128 followed by 25% in RCA and 20% in circumflex, while only one @entity1 (1%) had isolated significant @entity453 of left main coronary artery. Osteal segments were involved in 10%, proximal in 61%, mid in 21% and distal segments in 7% of the lesions. CONCLUSION: In the younger age group, @entity453 is mostly a disease of @entity1 , single vessel @entity453 predominates with @entity6128 involvement mostly, predominant osteal to proximal segment involvement of vessels, and a much higher incidence of normal coronaries and non-obstructive @entity453 is met with.

title: Pattern of XXXX with no risk factors under age 35 years.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial bridge']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary arteritis']

entities_list: @entity6128 :: ('MESH:D020243', 'Disease') :: ['LAD', 'left anterior descending artery']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery ectasia', 'Coronary artery disease', 'CAD', 'coronary artery disease', 'coronary arterial disease', 'anomalous origin of right coronary artery']

answer: @entity453 :: (MESH:D003324,Disease) :: ['coronary artery disease']


abstract: AIMS: The remodeling of cardiac gap junctions has been postulated to contribute to the @entity943 in a @entity6 heart. @entity3089 ( @entity3090 ), a green tea @entity12919 , has recently been recognized for its protection in @entity65 . This study investigated the effect of @entity3090 on the possible remodeling of gap junctions under high @entity413 in cultured neonatal @entity35 cardiomyocytes. METHODS: Cardiomyocytes pre-incubated with high @entity413 (30mM) were co-treated by @entity3090 . The expression of @entity10277 ( @entity10277 ), @entity26794 and @entity26795 were determined by Western blot and real-time RT-PCR. The function of cells coupling was evaluated by scrape loading dye transfer study. The Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) were quantified by Western blot. RESULTS: The protein expression of @entity10277 was reduced by high @entity413 (30mM, 72h). Addition of @entity3090 to high @entity413 treated cardiomyocytes attenuated the @entity10277 reduction in a dose- and time-dependent manner and also recovered the reduced function of cells coupling. The mRNA or protein level of @entity26794 and @entity26795 showed no significant change by high @entity413 (30mM, 72h) or @entity3090 co-treatment (40microM, 24h). Nor did the @entity10277 mRNA level. @entity3090 (40muM) activated the time-dependent phosphorylated @entity2509 , JNK and p38 MAPK. The p38 MAPK inhibitor @entity1441 (10microM), however, attenuated the protective effect of @entity3090 . CONCLUSION: @entity3090 could attenuate the downregulation of gap junction induced by high @entity413 in cultured neonatal @entity35 cardiomyocytes. The p38 MAPK pathway was partly involved in this effect of @entity3090 .

title: @entity3089 , a green tea @entity12919 , attenuated the downregulation of the cardiac gap junction induced by high XXXX in neonatal @entity35 cardiomyocytes.

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic']

entities_list: @entity3089 :: ('MESH:C045651', 'Chemical') :: ['Epigallocatechin-3 gallate']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmias']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity413 :: (MESH:D005947,Chemical) :: ['glucose']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We evaluated the efficacy and safety of @entity3076 and @entity1397 in the setting of a glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa inhibitor. BACKGROUND: @entity3076 reduced @entity65 as compared with @entity1397 in TRITON-TIMI 38 (Trial to Assess Improvement in Therapeutic Outcomes by Optimizing Platelet Inhibition with @entity3076 -Thrombolysis in @entity583 38) but with increased @entity548 . METHODS: Researchers in the TRITON-TIMI 38 randomized 13,608 subjects with @entity1187 undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention to @entity3076 versus @entity1397 . The use of a @entity1427 /IIIa inhibitor was at the physician's discretion. For the current analysis, end points were examined at 30 days and were stratified by use of a @entity1427 /IIIa inhibitor. RESULTS: A total of 7,414 subjects (54.5%) received a @entity1427 /IIIa inhibitor during their index hospitalization. There was a consistent benefit of @entity3076 over @entity1397 for reducing @entity65 , @entity583 , or @entity64 in @entity1 who did (hazard ratio: 0.76; 95% confidence interval: 0.64 to 0.90) or did not receive a @entity1427 /IIIa inhibitor (hazard ratio: 0.78; 95% confidence interval: 0.63 to 0.97, p(interaction) = 0.83). @entity3076 significantly reduced @entity583 , urgent revascularization, and stent @entity715 irrespective of @entity1427 /IIIa inhibitor use. Although subjects treated with a @entity1427 /IIIa inhibitor had greater rates of @entity548 , the risk of Thrombolysis in @entity583 major or @entity548 with @entity3076 versus @entity1397 was not significantly different in @entity1 who were or were not treated with @entity1427 /IIIa inhibitor (p(interaction) = 0.19). CONCLUSIONS: @entity3076 significantly reduces the risk of @entity65 in @entity1 with @entity1187 after percutaneous coronary intervention regardless of whether or not a @entity1427 /IIIa inhibitor is used. The use of a @entity1427 /IIIa inhibitor does not accentuate the relative risk of @entity548 with @entity3076 as compared with @entity1397 .

title: The efficacy and safety of XXXX with and without a glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor in @entity1 with @entity1187 undergoing percutaneous intervention: a TRITON-TIMI 38 (Trial to Assess Improvement in Therapeutic Outcomes by Optimizing Platelet Inhibition With @entity3076 -Thrombolysis In @entity583 38) analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['acute coronary syndrome', 'acute coronary syndromes']

entities_list: @entity3076 :: ('MESH:C408153', 'Chemical') :: ['prasugrel', 'Prasugrel']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding', 'minor bleeding']

entities_list: @entity1397 :: ('MESH:C055162', 'Chemical') :: ['clopidogrel']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'Myocardial Infarction']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular events', 'cardiovascular death']

answer: @entity3076 :: (MESH:C408153,Chemical) :: ['prasugrel']


abstract: A novel approach to adoptive immunotherapy is described in this study. Of 13 @entity1 with malignant effusions, nine were treated by intraperitoneal (IP) instillation of intracavitary lymphocytes (ICL), activated ex vivo by recombinant @entity1199 ( @entity5041 , Cetus Co., Emeryville, CA) with escalating doses of IP @entity5041 and four by IP @entity5041 alone. ICL and @entity5041 were administered by repeated peritoneal punctures. @entity1 were divided into two groups: group I of six @entity1 , who received activated ICL with low doses of IP @entity5041 (total dose not exceeding 6 X 10(5) units) and group II of seven @entity1 , in whom escalating higher doses of @entity5041 were administered IP with or without activated ICL, in doses ranging from 10(6) up to 16 X 10(6) units, total dose. Total dose of ICL given ranged from 2 X 10(8) to 2 X 10(9) in both groups. The main objectives of this pilot study was to establish the feasibility of treatment by ex vivo activated ICL and IP @entity5041 , to assess the @entity137 associated with such a treatment, to escalate doses of @entity5041 to a maximal tolerable dose, and to look for clinical responses. The first two goals were achieved: such a treatment approach is feasible and is not associated with severe @entity137 . The side effects observed during this study were usually mild in group I @entity1 and more pronounced in group II @entity1 . These included transient @entity221 , chills, @entity390 , @entity2688 at the puncture site, and one case of @entity298 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: A pilot study of intraperitoneal recombinant XXXX and ex vivo activated intracavitary lymphocytes in @entity1 with malignant peritoneal spread: I. Clinical aspects.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity2688 :: ('MESH:D002481', 'Disease') :: ['cellulitis']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['peritonitis']

answer: @entity1199 :: (3558,Gene) :: ['interleukin-2']


abstract: Iatrogenic @entity1157 (IBDI) are still a challenge for surgeons. The most frequently, they are caused by laparoscopic cholecystectomy which is one of the commonest surgical procedure in the world. Endoscopic techniques are recommended as initial treatment of IBDI. When endoscopic treatment is not effective, surgery is considered. Different surgical biliary reconstructions are performed in most @entity1 in IBDI. Roux-Y hepaticojejunostomy is the commonest biliary reconstruction for IBDI. In some @entity1 with complex IBDI, hepatectomy is required. Recently, @entity8357 et al analyzed the factors that had led to hepatectomy for @entity1 with IBDI after laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). Authors concluded that hepatectomy might be necessary to manage early or late complications after LC. The study showed that proximal IBDI (involving hepatic confluence) and IBDI associated with @entity1317 were the two independent risk factors of hepatectomy in this series. Authors distinguished two main groups of @entity1 that require liver resection in IBDI: those with an injury-induced @entity409 necessitating early intervention, and those in whom liver resection is indicated for treatment of @entity409 following long-term @entity255 . In this commentary, indications for hepatectomy in @entity1 with IBDI are discussed. @entity130 as indications for hepatectomy are presented. Short- and long-term results in @entity1 following liver resection for IBDI are also discussed. Hepatectomy is not a standard procedure in surgical treatment of IBDI, but in some complex injuries it should be considered.

title: Hepatectomy for XXXX : when is it necessary?

entities_list: @entity1157 :: ('MESH:D001649', 'Disease') :: ['bile duct injuries']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver atrophy', 'liver necrosis']

entities_list: @entity1317 :: ('MESH:D057772', 'Disease') :: ['vascular injuries']

entities_list: @entity255 :: ('MESH:D002761', 'Disease') :: ['cholangitis']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['Complex biliovascular injuries']

answer: @entity1157 :: (MESH:D001649,Disease) :: ['bile duct injuries']


abstract: @entity99 , proven by biopsy in 44 @entity1 known to be @entity734 or confirmed drug takers had serial clinical, biochemical and (half of them) biopsy studies between 1971 and 1974. At the time of the first biopsy the period of addicition averaged 28.8 months. 30 of the 44 @entity1 had had @entity1087 . At the time of the last biopsy, 20 of the 44 had chronic persisting and three had @entity3619 , i.e. more than half had a chronic form. A further 12 @entity1 had "hippie" @entity99 , a special form of @entity99 with @entity39 , histological evidence of possible change to a chronic state. There was no case of complete healing during the period of observation. The high rate of @entity3619 is thought to be due to partially insufficient immune response. The clinical and even biochemical course in most of the @entity1 was remarkably mild. Severe clinical forms are rare and were not observed at all in the described group. It would therefore, seem that the prognosis is generally good, in contrast to @entity3619 in non-addicts.

title: [ XXXX in @entity734 (follow-up study with biopsies) (author's transl)].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['piecemeal necrosis']

entities_list: @entity3619 :: ('MESH:D006521', 'Disease') :: ['chronic active hepatitis', 'chronic hepatitis']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['Viral hepatitis', 'acute viral hepatitis', 'hepatitis']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['drug addicts']

answer: @entity99 :: (MESH:D056486,Disease) :: ['Hepatitis']


abstract: 14 @entity1 with @entity1203 received twice daily injections of 10 micrograms recombinant @entity1199 ( @entity5041 ), by the intradermal route, in the skin of the back for 8 d (total dose, 160 micrograms). Lymphokine administration was accomplished without @entity137 , or the development of @entity697 . The majority of @entity1 developed nontender @entity3329 during the course of treatment. Local injection sites showed progressively larger zones of induration, peaking at 24 h and persisting for many days. Early 12-h reactions were of a macular, erythematous nature and exhibited an increasingly striking diurnal variation. The morning injection sites were three- to fourfold larger in diameter than those placed in the evening (9 am to 9 pm). Systemic manifestations of intradermal @entity5041 administration were noted. Peripheral blood T cells, including @entity404 + and @entity405 + phenotypes, increased 2-2.5-fold and NK cells increased sixfold. Elevations in @entity665 incorporation into peripheral blood mononuclear cells occurred to a variety of mycobacterial antigens, but not to those of @entity4430 . Within 2 wk, biopsies at sites far removed from the back showed increased infiltration of mononuclear cells in 12 of 14 @entity1 . Immunocytochemistry revealed the presence of newly emigrated @entity404 + T cells, monocytes, and dermal @entity4897 + Langerhans cells. Endothelial cells of small dermal vessels expressed major histocompatibility complex class II determinants on their surface. Transmission electron microscopy of these specimens revealed markedly enlarged endothelial cells with many surface projections extending into the lumen as well as extravasating lymphoid cells. The numbers of acid-fast @entity4430 in the peripheral sites were examined by slit smear and in biopsies of matched @entity75 taken before and after @entity1199 administration. Within 2 mo, slit smears showed a 0.5 log or greater reduction in 12 of 14 @entity1 , with a mean for all @entity1 tested of 0.5 log units. Biopsy specimens showed a 1 log unit or greater reduction in the bacterial index (B.I.) in 6 of 14 @entity1 . Historical controls in this Nepalese population showed a 0.5 log unit reduction after multidrug therapy over a period of 12 mo. Thus, after 8 d of @entity1199 injections, a fivefold reduction in B.I. was observed during the first 2 mo of the study. Antibody levels against @entity4430 phenolic glycolipid 1 (PGL-1) and lipoarabinomanan B were markedly elevated after @entity1199 injections, while PGL-1 antigen levels were reduced. We conclude that the administration of @entity5041 has had a significant effect in decreasing the total body burden of @entity4430 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: The systemic influence of recombinant XXXX on the manifestations of @entity1203 .

entities_list: @entity3329 :: ('MESH:D008206', 'Disease') :: ['axillary lymphadenopathy']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['drug toxicity']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute nerve damage']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['leprosy lesions']

entities_list: @entity4430 :: ('1769', 'Species') :: ['M. leprae', 'Mycobacterium leprae']

entities_list: @entity1203 :: ('MESH:D015440', 'Disease') :: ['lepromatous leprosy']

answer: @entity1199 :: (3558,Gene) :: ['interleukin 2']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of different methods of transconjunctival cannulated vitrectomy versus conventional non-cannulated vitrectomy in various @entity989 . METHODS: A prospective randomized study was done from August 2009 to February 2011. The study included 129 eyes of 122 @entity1 , randomly divided into four groups. Group 1 comprised 34 eyes operated on using transconjunctival 20-gauge cannula Claes system. Group 2 comprised 32 eyes operated on using transconjunctival cannulated 23 gauge system. Group 3 comprised 27 eyes operated on using combined 20-gauge non-cannulated and 23-gauge transconjunctival cannulated system. Group 4 comprised 36 eyes operated on using conventional non-cannulated 20-gauge system. RESULTS: The four groups were demographically similar. Anatomical outcome was achieved in all cases. Vision was improved in 29 eyes (85.3%) in group 1, 23 eyes (71.9%) in group 2, 19 eyes (70.4%) in group 3, and 26 eyes (72.2%) in group 4. There was no statistical difference between the four groups 1-day postoperative (P=0.405) and 1-week postoperative intraocular pressure (P=0.254). The number of sutureless sclerotomies was 68 (66.6%) in group 1, 78 (81.3%) in group 2, 50 (61.8%) in group 3, and 0 in group 4. @entity8814 occurred in one eye (2.9%) in group 1, three eyes (9.4%) in group 2, two eyes (7.4%) in group 3, and no eyes in group 4. @entity3225 did not occur in any one of the four groups. CONCLUSION: Final anatomical and functional outcomes were not related to the type of sclerotomy used (cannulated or non-cannulated), the gauge used (20 or 23), the route (transconjunctival or transscleral), or type of suture used. The advantages of small-gauge transconjunctival vitrectomy were @entity1 comfort, early ambulation, and preservation of the conjunctiva. This should be weighed against the cost of this cannula system.

title: Different techniques of transconjunctival cannulated vitrectomy versus conventional non-cannulated vitrectomy in various XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3225 :: ('MESH:D009877', 'Disease') :: ['Operative endophthalmitis']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['vitreoretinal disorders']

answer: @entity989 :: (MESH:D012164,Disease) :: ['vitreoretinal disorders']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety and outcome of multivisceral pancreatic resections for primary @entity9451 . BACKGROUND: Curative resection is the only potential cure for @entity1 with @entity788 , but some @entity1 present with advanced @entity5 that are not resectable by a standard pancreatic resection. Data on risk and survival analysis of extended pancreatic resections is limited. METHODS: One hundred one @entity1 who had a multivisceral pancreatic resection between 10/2001 and 12/2007 were identified from a prospective database, and perioperative and long-term results were compared with those of 202 matched @entity1 with a standard pancreatic resection. Uni- and multivariate regression analysis were performed to identify parameters that are associated with perioperative morbidity. Long-term survival was evaluated. RESULTS: Colon, stomach, adrenal gland, liver, hepatic or celiac artery, kidney, or small intestine were resected in 37.6%, 33.7%, 27.7%, 18.8%, 16.8%, 11.9%, and 6.9% of the 101 @entity1 with multivisceral resection, respectively. Additional portal vein resection was performed in 20.8% of @entity1 . Overall and surgical morbidity but not mortality was significantly increased compared with standard pancreatic resections (55.5% vs. 42.8%, 37.6 vs. 25.3%, and 3.0% vs. 1.5%, respectively). Uni- and multivariate analysis identified a long operative time and the extended multivisceral resection of 2 or more additional organs as independent risk factors for intraabdominal complications or need for relaparotomy. Median survival was comparable to that of standard pancreatic resections. CONCLUSIONS: Multivisceral resections can be performed with increased morbidity but comparable mortality and long-term prognosis as compared with standard pancreatic resections at high volume centers. Increased morbidity is related to extended multivisceral resections with a long operative time.

title: Multivisceral resection for XXXX : risk-analysis and long-term outcome.

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity9451 :: ('MESH:D010195', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic malignancies']

answer: @entity9451 :: (MESH:D010195,Disease) :: ['pancreatic malignancies']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIM: Probiotics help to provide an optimum balance in the intestines. Probiotics species @entity137 substances and growth of unwanted bacteria and @entity375 species while they compete for the space and food. Lactogyn is the first oral probiotics on Serbian market dedicated to maintaining a normal vaginal flora. Lactogyn contains two well studied probiotics strains - @entity10263 GR-1 and @entity6374 RC-14. Both of them are considered as probiotic agents with therapeutic properties increase the population of beneficial @entity10263 organisms within the vagina. The aim of this study was to exam an influence of @entity10263 GR-1 and @entity6374 RC-14 on results of cervical smear cytological testing including detection of atypical cells, detection of false positive and false negative findings as well as on vaginal microflora content in @entity1 with @entity281 signs and symptoms. METHODS: Totally 250 @entity1 with signs of @entity281 were selected to participate in the study. The study group comprised 125 @entity1 taking studied probiotic strains along with specific anti-infective therapy. The control group comprised, also, 125 patients taking anti-infective agents, only. Probiotic preparation (Lactogyn capsules) was administered orally (one capsule daily) during 4 weeks. Before and six weeks after beginning of the therapy a cervical smear cytological test (the Papanicolaou test), as well as microbiological examination of the vaginal smear were performed. RESULTS: Number of cases of @entity32 and atypical squamous cells of undeterminated significance (ASCUS) in the study group were significantly higher before administration of the probiotic preparation. The number of lactobacilli was significantly higher, and the number of pathogenic microorganisms lower in the group treated with this preparation. CONCLUSION: The application of probiotic strains @entity10263 GR-1 and @entity6374 RC-14 concomitantly with specific anti-infective agents provides more reliable cytological diagnostics, reduces the number of false positive and false negative findings on cervical @entity5 and normalizes vaginal microflora in higher percentage of @entity1 with @entity281 comapred with therapy including antiinfective agents only.

title: The influence of probiotics on the cervical XXXX diagnostics quality.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['competitive block toxic']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy']

entities_list: @entity10263 :: ('47715', 'Species') :: ['Lactobacillus rhamnosus', 'lactobacillus']

entities_list: @entity6374 :: ('1598', 'Species') :: ['Lactobacillus reuteri']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['vaginal infections', 'vaginal infection']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['malignancy']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The goal of the work described here was to assess the efficacy and safety of vagus nerve stimulation in a cohort of @entity1 with @entity2916 complex with @entity302 . Furthermore, we examined the impact of vagus nerve stimulation failure on the ultimate outcome following subsequent @entity302 surgery. METHODS: A retrospective review was performed on 19 @entity1 with @entity302 and @entity14405 who underwent vagus nerve stimulator (VNS) implantation. There were 11 (58%) females and 8 (42%) males aged 2 to 44 years when the VNS was implanted (mean: 14.7+/-12 years). Twelve @entity1 underwent primary VNS implantation after having failed a mean of 7.1 antiepileptic drugs. Two @entity1 (17%) had @entity6191 , one had a single @entity410 focus, three (25%) had @entity302 , and six (50%) had multifocal and @entity6191 . Seven @entity1 were referred for device removal and evaluation for intracranial procedures. One @entity1 in the primary implantation group was lost to follow-up and excluded from outcome analysis. RESULTS: All implantations and removals were performed without permanent complications. The duration of treatment for primary VNS implants varied from 8.5 months to 9.6 years (mean: 4.9 years). Mean @entity410 frequency significantly improved following VNS implantation (mean reduction: 72%, P<0.002). Two @entity1 had Engel Class I (18%), one had Class II (9%), seven had Class III (64%), and one had Class IV (9%) outcome. Three @entity1 with poor response to vagus nerve stimulation therapy at our center underwent resection of one or more @entity410 foci (Engel Class I, two @entity1 ; Engel Class III, one @entity1 ). Seven @entity1 referred to our center for VNS removal and craniotomy underwent @entity410 focus resection (6) or corpus callosotomy (1) (Engel Class II: 2, Engel III: 2; Engel IV: 3). In total, 8 of 10 (80%) @entity1 experienced improved @entity410 control following intracranial surgery (mean reduction: 65%, range: 0-100%, P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: VNS is a safe and effective treatment option for medically @entity302 in @entity1 with @entity2916 complex. Nine of 11 @entity1 (82%) experienced at least a 67% reduction in @entity410 burden. Lack of response to vagus nerve stimulation does not preclude subsequent improvement in @entity410 burden with @entity302 surgery.

title: XXXX in @entity2916 : vagus nerve stimulation with or without subsequent resective surgery.

entities_list: @entity2916 :: ('MESH:D014402', 'Disease') :: ['tuberous sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['refractory epilepsy', 'multifocal epilepsy', 'intracranial epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity6191 :: ('MESH:D004829', 'Disease') :: ['generalized epilepsy']

answer: @entity302 :: (MESH:D004827,Disease) :: ['Refractory epilepsy']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Several experimental models of @entity571 in @entity35 are used to study the pathophysiology of @entity571 . Many mechanically induced models have the limitation that permanent joint instability is induced by e.g. ligament transection or meniscal damage. This permanent instability will counteract the potential beneficial effects of therapy. The groove model of @entity571 uses a one-time trigger, surgically induced @entity16 on the femoral condyles, and has been validated for the @entity235 tibia-femoral compartment. The present study evaluates this model for the @entity35 knee joint. The articular cartilage of the weight bearing surface of both femoral condyles and trochlea were damaged (grooved) without damaging the underlying subchondral bone. Severity of @entity528 was histologically assessed, in addition to patella @entity16 and subchondral bone characteristics by means of (contrast-enhanced) micro-CT. Mild histological degeneration of the surgically untouched tibial plateau cartilage was observed in addition to damage of the femoral condyles, without clear synovial tissue inflammation. Contrast enhanced micro-CT demonstrated proteoglycan loss of the surgically untouched patella cartilage. Besides, a more @entity3808 structure of the subchondral bone was observed. The tibia-femoral groove model in a @entity35 results in mild @entity2720 . This makes the @entity35 groove model a useful model to study the onset and progression of post-traumatic non-inflammatory @entity571 , creating a relatively sensitive model to study disease modifying osteoarthritic drugs. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: The groove model of tibia-femoral osteoarthritis in the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['cartilage damage']

entities_list: @entity3808 :: ('MESH:C538213', 'Disease') :: ['sclerotic']

entities_list: @entity2720 :: ('MESH:D007592', 'Disease') :: ['knee joint degeneration, without permanent joint instability and joint inflammation']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['joint degeneration']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']