abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2587 and illness surveillance is the first step in injury and illness prevention, and is important for the protection of both athlete health and performance in major competitions. AIM: To identify the prevalence, severity nature and causes of athlete @entity130 and illnesses in the Great Britain Olympic Team (TeamGB) during the Sochi 2014 Winter Olympic Games. METHODS: The observational prospective cohort study followed the Great Britain Injury/Illness Performance Project surveillance methodology and obtained information on @entity130 and illnesses that occurred during the Games between 30 January and 23 February 2014 in TeamGB athletes (n=56). RESULTS: Among the 56 TeamGB athletes, there were 27 @entity130 and 11 illnesses during the Olympic Games period. This equated to 39% sustaining at least one injury and 18% at least one illness, with an incidence of 48.2 @entity130 and 19.6 illnesses per 100 athletes, respectively. Of all @entity130 and illnesses, 9% and 7%, respectively, resulted in time loss. The risk of sustaining an injury was highest for freestyle skiing, skeleton and snowboarding; and lowest for curling, biathlon and Alpine skiing (with no reported @entity130 ); with the lower limb being the most commonly injured location. Respiratory system illnesses were most frequently reported overall, and older female athletes were the ones most affected by illness. CONCLUSIONS: The risk of injury was double the risk of illness for TeamGB athletes. Overall, the rate of time-loss issues was low. Methodological considerations are important when interpreting data, and prevention strategies should focus on those issues causing the greatest risk, in terms of prevalence and severity, to athlete health and performance.

title: XXXX and Illness Epidemiology: Great Britain Olympic Team (TeamGB) surveillance during the Sochi 2014 Winter Olympic Games.

entities_list: @entity2587 :: ('MESH:D001265', 'Disease') :: ['Sports injury']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['injuries']

answer: @entity2587 :: (MESH:D001265,Disease) :: ['Sports Injury']


abstract: We have studied the influence of @entity1954 (T3), @entity1955 (T4), @entity7287 (TSH), and @entity3937 ( @entity3936 ) on the expression of @entity11155 expression in @entity1 thyroid cells. T3, T4, TSH, and @entity3936 in various combinations were added together with @entity379 ( @entity379 ) to @entity1 thyrocytes or to cultured @entity35 cells. Neither T3 nor T4, alone, caused inhibition of the @entity379 stimulation of thyrocyte HLA-DR expression. Moreover, the combination of both drugs at various concentrations did not inhibit this expression except only in low ranges (T3 at 0.3 nmol/liter and T4 at 12.9 nmol/liter). @entity3936 only at a concentration of 3.0 mmol/liter caused significant inhibition of @entity379 -induced HLA-DR expression. However, the addition of T3 (range, 0.3-9.2 nmol/liter) or T4 (12.9-129.0 nmol/liter) prevented the @entity3936 -induced inhibition. This phenomenon may be explained by the action of @entity3936 on inhibiting the synthesis of T3 and T4. At a concentration of 100 microU/ml, TSH enhanced @entity379 -induced HLA-DR expression. It is possible that TSH induced the expression of large numbers of @entity379 receptors, thereby enhancing the production of HLA-DR in response to @entity379 . Our studies suggest that @entity3936 does not alter thyrocyte HLA-DR expression in vitro, especially when combined with T3 or T4; however, @entity3936 may still induce or perpetuate immune effects in vivo secondary to its influence on thyroid hormone production or thyroid antigen presentation.

title: The influence of @entity1954 , @entity1955 , @entity7287 , and XXXX on thyroid cell @entity11155 expression.

entities_list: @entity3937 :: ('MESH:D008713', 'Chemical') :: ['methimazole']

entities_list: @entity1955 :: ('MESH:D013974', 'Chemical') :: ['thyroxine']

entities_list: @entity379 :: ('3458', 'Gene') :: ['IFN-gamma', 'interferon-gamma']

entities_list: @entity7287 :: ('MESH:D013972', 'Chemical') :: ['thyrotropin']

entities_list: @entity11155 :: ('3128', 'Gene') :: ['major histocompatibility (MHC) Class II antigen']

entities_list: @entity1954 :: ('MESH:D014284', 'Chemical') :: ['triiodothyronine']

answer: @entity3937 :: (MESH:D008713,Chemical) :: ['methimazole']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To get the prevalence of @entity227 of @entity1 in China. The national survey of @entity4064 and @entity1939 of 0 approximately 6 years old @entity1 was conducted in China in 2001. METHOD: Stratified, random, cluster, systematic sampling was used to select 60 124 subjects from 360 clusters from 6 provinces in China. The trained doctors examined every individual. RESULT: 64 subjects were defined as @entity227 among the total 60 124 participated subjects in the survey. The total prevalence of @entity227 is 1.1 per thousand. The 20 subjects is @entity1939 and the prevalence is 0.33 per thousand. 44 subjects is @entity4064 and the prevalence is 0.73 per thousand. The major causes of @entity227 are @entity4457 (32.8%), @entity5995 and @entity1781 (15.6%), congenital @entity231 (14.1%) and @entity10064 (6.3%). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of @entity1939 is close the level of developed country. Amblyopia is the leading cause of all @entity227 . Most causes of @entity227 , @entity4457 and congenital @entity231 are curable.

title: [A national survey on @entity4064 and @entity1939 of 0 - 6 years old XXXX in China].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual impairment']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

entities_list: @entity1939 :: ('MESH:D001766', 'Disease') :: ['blindness']

entities_list: @entity1781 :: ('MESH:D009901', 'Disease') :: ['optic nerve diseases']

entities_list: @entity4064 :: ('MESH:D015354', 'Disease') :: ['low vision']

entities_list: @entity10064 :: ('MESH:C565547', 'Disease') :: ['congenital glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity4457 :: ('MESH:D000550', 'Disease') :: ['amblyopia']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To report data about "real-life" treatments with non-invasive ventilation for @entity1576 ( @entity1576 ), managed outside intensive care units by anaesthesiologists acting as a medical emergency team. DESIGN: Observational study; prospectively collected data over a 6-month period in a single centre. SETTING: Non-intensive wards in a University Hospital with 1,100 beds. @entity1 : Consecutive @entity1 with @entity1576 for whom a ventilatory support was indicated but tracheal intubation was not appropriated or immediately needed. INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: @entity1 's characteristics, safety data, short-term outcome and organizational aspects of 129 consecutive treatments were collected. The overall success rate was 77.5%, while 10.1% were intubated and 12.4% died (all of them were "do not attempt resuscitation" @entity1 ). The incidence of treatment failure varied greatly among different diseases. Complications were limited to nasal @entity6227 (5%), failure to accomplish the prescribed ventilatory program (12%), malfunction of the ventilator (2%) and excessive air leaks from face mask (2%) with no consequences for @entity1 . Three @entity1 became intolerant to NIV. The work-load for the MET was high but sustainable: on average NIV was applied to a new case every 34 h and more than three @entity1 were simultaneously treated. CONCLUSIONS: Under the supervision of a MET, in our institution NIV could be applied in a wide variety of settings, outside the ICU, with a high success rate and with few complications.

title: Medical emergency team and non-invasive ventilation outside ICU for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity6227 :: ('MESH:D003668', 'Disease') :: ['decubitus']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['ARF', 'acute respiratory failure']

answer: @entity1576 :: (MESH:D012131,Disease) :: ['acute respiratory failure']


abstract: A @entity8324 disease gene ( @entity10213 ) has been recently identified, and some mutations causing the disease have been described. The frequency of these mutations has been investigated in a large sample of 51 Italian and Spanish cystinuric @entity1 . In addition, to identify new mutated alleles, genomic DNA has been analyzed by an accurate and sensitive method able to detect @entity377 changes. Because of the lack of information available on the genomic structure of @entity10213 gene, the study was carried out using the sequence data so far obtained by us. More than 70% of the entire coding sequence and 8 intron-exon boundaries have been analyzed. Four new mutations and seven intragenic polymorphisms have been detected. All mutations so far identified in @entity10213 belong only to @entity8324 type I alleles, accounting for approximately 44% of all type I cystinuric chromosomes. Mutation @entity10214 is the most common mutated allele in the Italian and Spanish populations. After analysis of 70% of the @entity10213 coding region, we have detected normal sequences in @entity10215 chromosomes. The presence of @entity10213 mutated alleles only in type I chromosomes of homozygous (type I/I) and heterozygous (type I/III) @entity1 provides evidence for genetic heterogeneity where @entity10213 would be responsible only for type I @entity8324 and suggests a complementation mechanism to explain the intermediate type I/type III phenotype.

title: Molecular genetics of XXXX : identification of four new mutations and seven polymorphisms, and evidence for genetic heterogeneity.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity10215 :: ('MESH:C531664', 'Disease') :: ['cystinuria type II and type III']

entities_list: @entity8324 :: ('MESH:D003555', 'Disease') :: ['cystinuria']

entities_list: @entity377 :: ('CHEBI:36976', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotide']

answer: @entity8324 :: (MESH:D003555,Disease) :: ['cystinuria']


abstract: Helicases must unwind DNA at the right place and time to maintain genomic integrity or gene expression. Biologically critical @entity16082 and @entity14781 helicases are key members of the @entity1 @entity4735 complex; they anchor CAK kinase (cyclinH, @entity16083 , @entity16084 ) to @entity4735 and open DNA for transcription and for repair of duplex distorting damage by @entity377 excision repair (NER). NER is initiated by arrested RNA polymerase or damage recognition by XPC-RAD23B with or without @entity16085 / @entity16086 . @entity2173 helicases, named for their role in the extreme sun-mediated @entity1489 predisposition @entity2173 ( @entity2173 ), are then recruited to asymmetrically unwind dsDNA flanking the damage. @entity16082 and @entity74 can also cause @entity1240 with profound @entity16 without @entity5 : @entity14309 ( @entity14309 ) and @entity16087 ( @entity16087 ). @entity2173 helicase @entity1 phenotypes cannot be predicted from the mutation position along the linear gene sequence and adjacent mutations can cause different diseases. Here we consider the structural biology of DNA damage recognition by XPC-RAD23B, @entity16085 / @entity16086 , RNAPII, and ATL, and of helix unwinding by the @entity16082 and @entity14781 helicases plus the bacterial repair helicases UvrB and UvrD in complex with DNA. We then propose unified models for @entity4735 assembly and roles in NER. Collective crystal structures with NMR and electron microscopy results reveal functional motifs, domains, and architectural elements that contribute to biological activities: damaged DNA binding, translocation, unwinding, and @entity855 driven changes plus @entity4735 assembly and signaling. Coupled with mapping of @entity1 mutations, these combined structural analyses provide a framework for integrating and unifying the rich biochemical and cellular information that has accumulated over forty years of study. This integration resolves puzzles regarding @entity2173 helicase functions and suggests that @entity2173 helicase positions and activities within @entity4735 detect and verify damage, select the damaged strand for incision, and coordinate repair with transcription and cell cycle through CAK signaling.

title: XXXX and @entity14781 helicases in @entity4735 orchestrate DNA duplex opening and damage verification to coordinate repair with transcription and cell cycle via CAK kinase.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity14309 :: ('MESH:D003057', 'Disease') :: ['Cockayne syndrome', 'CS']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['increased cancers']

entities_list: @entity1489 :: ('MESH:D012878', 'Disease') :: ['skin cancer']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological defects']

entities_list: @entity2173 :: ('MESH:D014983', 'Disease') :: ['XP', 'xeroderma pigmentosum']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['XPD genetic defects']

entities_list: @entity1240 :: ('MESH:D019588', 'Disease') :: ['premature aging']

entities_list: @entity16087 :: ('MESH:D054463', 'Disease') :: ['trichothiodystrophy', 'TTD']

answer: @entity16082 :: (MESH:C562590,Disease) :: ['XPB']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: As a rare @entity5 of the filum terminale is of diagnostic challenge. A thorough review of all published cases most often reveals a benign course if complete surgically resection is achieved. We report on the first molecular cytogenetic analyses performed on filum termiale @entity1823 . CLINICAL PRESENTATION: A 52-year-old @entity1 suffered from @entity1643 for many years that gradually worsened and was aggravated by sitting and bending. The @entity158 radiated dorsally into both legs. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with and without @entity7241 revealed a 12 mm sized, intradural oval mass at the level of L3 with slightly increased T2-signal and a rim of low signal on T2-weighted sequences. The @entity5 enhanced remarkably after @entity7241 . INTERVENTION: The @entity1 underwent a left sided hemilaminectomy of L3. Durotomy revealed a well-delineated, firm and highly vascularized reddish @entity5 . The proximal terminal filum entered the @entity5 at the proximal pole and exited its distal pole. Coagulation and dissection of the terminal filum allowed in toto @entity5 . DNA was isolated from the @entity406 -fixed and @entity982 -embedded specimen. The @entity5 was analyzed by comparative genomic hybridization, providing a normal DNA profile without any chromosomal copy number changes. CONCLUSION: The origin of @entity1823 of the CNS and especially of the filum terminale is still unclear. If no complete surgical resection can be achieved, molecular cytogenetic analysis is of additional value to prognostification of @entity1823 of the filum terminale.

title: XXXX of the filum terminale: review and report of the first case analyzed by CGH.

entities_list: @entity1643 :: ('MESH:D017116', 'Disease') :: ['low back pain']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumor paraganglioma', 'removal of the tumor']

entities_list: @entity406 :: ('MESH:D005557', 'Chemical') :: ['formalin']

entities_list: @entity982 :: ('MESH:D010232', 'Chemical') :: ['paraffin']

entities_list: @entity1823 :: ('MESH:D010235', 'Disease') :: ['paragangliomas']

answer: @entity1823 :: (MESH:D010235,Disease) :: ['Paraganglioma']


abstract: @entity134 levels in 308 follicular fluid (FF) aspirates obtained during laparotomy from 116 @entity1 with normal ovarian function were related to the size (greater than 1 mm diameter) and health of the aspirated follicles and the phase of the menstrual cycle in which the FF sampling was done. The percentage of granulosa cells (g.c.) in the DNA S phase (S fraction) in each FF aspirate was determined by flow cytometry and used to classify non-pre-ovulatory follicles as healthy or atretic. A significant correlation between g.c. DNA S fraction and concentration of @entity53 (E2) in FF (FF-E2) was found, restricted to non-pre-ovulatory follicles with diameter greater than 6 mm. This evidence supports the notion that E2 acts as a local g.c. mitogen in these follicles, but also indicates that other factors may be required to stimulate g.c. proliferation in the smaller antral follicles (less than or equal to 6 mm diameter). The pattern of @entity230 in FF of healthy follicles was related to the stage of follicular development, being predominantly 'androgenic' in small follicles (less than or equal to 6 mm diameter), 'oestrogenic' in larger non-pre-ovulatory follicles (greater than 6 mm diameter) and 'progestagenic' in pre-ovulatory follicles. In contrast, atretic follicles of all sizes (2-13 mm diameter) exhibited an 'androgenic' pattern of @entity230 in FF. The intrafollicular hormonal milieu in the larger healthy non-pre-ovulatory and in pre-ovulatory follicles varied as a function of menstrual cycle phase, whereas that in small follicles (healthy as well as atretic) and in larger atretic follicles remained 'androgenic' through all the phases of the cycle.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: XXXX levels in ovarian follicular fluid related to follicle size and health status during the normal menstrual cycle in @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['Steroid']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['oestradiol']

answer: @entity134 :: (CHEBI:35341,Chemical) :: ['Steroid']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The study aim was to investigate potential influences on @entity1 nerves and pelvic organs through early implantation of bilateral sacral nerve modulators (SNMs) in complete @entity1566 ( @entity1566 ) @entity1 during the acute bladder-areflexia phase. METHODS: Ten @entity1 with neurologically-confirmed complete spinal cord lesions (SCLs) were provided with bilateral SNMs during the phase of atonic-detrusor muscle. Modulation was achieved by two electrodes implanted into each S(3)-foramen. Six @entity1 declined and served as controls. The mean follow-up was 26.2 months. RESULTS: Videourodynamics (VU) confirmed detrusor acontractility, resulting in urinary continence as well as significant @entity293 ( @entity293 ). Bowel movements did not require oral laxatives; additional preprogrammed parameters achieved erections for intercourse. INTERPRETATION: Early SNM implantation in @entity1566 @entity1 may revolutionize neurogenic lower urinary tract (LUT) dysfunction management; it prevented detrusor overactivity and @entity322 , ensured normal bladder capacity, reduced UTI rates, and improved bowel and erectile functionality without @entity16 . CONCLUSION: Future @entity1566 investigations will be conducted to evaluate the potential benefits of even earlier SNM placement to progressively enhance pelvic organ functionality. This new approach may provide important clues required for assessing whether neuronal information is passed through the sympathetic trunk ganglion to the brain after complete @entity1566 . Further investigations are needed to determine if functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) might be helpful for analyzing changes in brain function in @entity1 with SNMs and those taking antimuscarinics.

title: Early sacral neuromodulation prevents XXXX after complete @entity1566 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['urinary incontinence']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['nerve damage']

entities_list: @entity1566 :: ('MESH:D013119', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord injury', 'SCI']

entities_list: @entity293 :: ('MESH:D014552', 'Disease') :: ['reductions in urinary tract infections', 'UTIs']

answer: @entity322 :: (MESH:D014549,Disease) :: ['urinary incontinence']


abstract: Post-operative @entity73 (POCD) is a decline in cognitive function from pre-operative levels, which has been frequently described after cardiac surgery. The purpose of this study was to examine the variability in the measurement and definitions for POCD using the framework of a 1995 Consensus Statement on measurement of POCD. Electronic medical literature databases were searched for the intersection of the search terms 'thoracic surgery' and 'cognition, @entity303 , and neuropsychological test.' Abstracts were reviewed independently by two reviewers. English articles with >50 @entity1 published since 1995 that performed pre-operative and post-operative psychometric testing in @entity1 undergoing cardiac surgery were reviewed. Data relevant to the measurement and definition of POCD were abstracted and compared with the recommendations of the Consensus Statement. Sixty-two studies of POCD in @entity1 undergoing cardiac surgery were identified. Of these studies, the recommended neuropsychological tests were carried out in less than half of the studies. The cognitive domains measured most frequently were attention (n=56; 93%) and memory (n=57; 95%); motor skills were measured less frequently (n=36; 60%). Additionally, less than half of the studies examined @entity148 and @entity308 , performed neurological exam, or accounted for learning. Four definitions of POCD emerged: per cent decline (n=15), standard deviation decline (n=14), factor analysis (n=13), and analysis of performance on individual tests (n=12). There is marked variability in the measurement and definition of POCD. This heterogeneity may impede progress by reducing the ability to compare studies on the causes and treatment of POCD.

title: Measurement of post-operative XXXX after cardiac surgery: a systematic review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive dysfunction']

answer: @entity73 :: (MESH:D003072,Disease) :: ['cognitive dysfunction']


abstract: Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is derived from fresh whole blood, which contains a high concentration of platelets. Recently, PRP has been used for skin wound healing and rejuvenation. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying PRP-inducing wound healing processes are still largely unknown. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of PRP on the expression of G1 cell cycle regulatory proteins, type I collagen, matrix metalloproteinase-1 ( @entity3334 ), and @entity1476 in @entity1 skin fibroblasts ( @entity650 ). We performed a cell proliferation and a migration assay, immunoblotting, and a @entity2755 acetyltransferase (CAT) assay in PRP-treated @entity1 skin fibroblasts. PRP treatment induced increased rates of cell proliferation and cell migration. Expression of @entity7596 protein was increased by a low concentration (0.5%) of PRP-treated @entity650 . In addition, expression of Rb, cyclin E, and cyclin-dependent kinase 4 proteins was increased by a high concentration (5%) of PRP-treated @entity650 . High concentration of PRP induced an up-regulation of type I collagen, @entity3334 , and @entity1476 expression in @entity650 . Taken together, @entity14672 treatment induced an increase in expression of G1 cell cycle regulators, type I collagen and @entity3334 , thereby accelerating the wound healing process.

title: Platelet-rich plasma induces increased expression of @entity3334 in XXXX skin fibroblasts.

entities_list: @entity2755 :: ('MESH:D002701', 'Chemical') :: ['chloramphenicol']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: In the present study, we aimed to validate the @entity164 2 @entity6 susceptibility alleles identified in six recent genome-wide association studies in the @entity13500 / @entity13501 / @entity12056 ( @entity13502 ), @entity4640 ( @entity13503 ), and @entity13504 ( @entity13505 ) loci, as well as the intergenic @entity13506 variant. Furthermore, we aimed to characterize quantitative metabolic risk phenotypes of the four variants. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: The variants were genotyped in the population-based Inter99 cohort (n = 5,970), the ADDITION Study (n = 1,626), a population-based sample of young healthy subjects (n = 377), and in additional @entity164 2 @entity6 case (n = 2,111) and @entity413 -tolerant (n = 521) subjects. The case-control studies involved a total of 4,089 @entity164 2 @entity6 @entity1 and 5,043 @entity413 -tolerant control subjects. RESULTS: We validated association of variants near @entity13500 / @entity13501 / @entity12056 , @entity4640 , and @entity13504 with @entity164 2 @entity6 . Interestingly, in middle-aged @entity1 , the @entity13502 C-allele of @entity13500 / @entity13501 / @entity12056 strongly associated with lower acute insulin response during an oral @entity413 tolerance test (P = 6 x 10(-7)). In addition, decreased insulin release following intravenous @entity11243 injection was observed in young healthy subjects (P = 0.02). Also, a reduced insulin release was observed for the @entity4640 @entity13503 T-allele after both oral and intravenous @entity413 challenges (P = 0.001 and P = 0.009, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: We validate that variants in the proximity of the @entity13500 / @entity13501 / @entity12056 , @entity4640 , and IFG2BP2 loci associate with @entity164 2 @entity6 . Importantly, variations within the @entity13500 / @entity13501 / @entity12056 and @entity4640 loci confer impaired @entity413 - and @entity11243 -induced insulin release in middle-aged and young healthy subjects, suggesting a role for these variants in the pathogenesis of @entity660 .

title: Studies of association of variants near the @entity13500 , XXXX , and @entity13504 genes with @entity164 2 @entity6 and impaired insulin release in 10,705 Danish subjects: validation and extension of genome-wide association studies.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity660 :: ('MESH:D010182', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity11243 :: ('MESH:D014044', 'Chemical') :: ['tolbutamide']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity4640 :: (1029;1030,Gene) :: ['CDKN2A/B']


abstract: A study was conducted to determine the effect of charcoal-extracted, @entity291 follicular fluid (CFF) on plasma follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) concentrations, the interval from luteolysis to estrus, and subsequent luteal function in heifers. Fifteen Angus, Simmental and Hereford heifers were allotted by age, weight and breed to a control (C, n = 8) or a CFF (n = 7) group. Heifers received injections of saline or CFF (iv, 8 ml/injection) every 12 h from d 1 (d 0 estrus) through d 5 of the estrous cycle. On d 6, each heifer was injected (im) with 25 mg of @entity3774 (PGF2 alpha). Blood samples were collected every 12 h by venipuncture starting just before the first saline or CFF injection and continuing until estrus. Thereafter, blood samples were collected every other day during the subsequent estrous cycle and assayed for FSH, LH, @entity53 -17 beta and @entity1420 by radioimmunoassay. Injections of CFF had no effect (P greater than .05) on circulating FSH or LH concentrations from d 1 to 5 relative to the C group; however, there was a transient rise (P less than .05) in FSH concentrations 24 h following cessation of CFF injections. This transient rise in FSH was not immediately followed by an increase in plasma @entity53 -17 beta concentrations. Although CFF injections did not interfere with PGF2 alpha-induced luteolysis, the interval from PGF2 alpha injection to estrus was delayed (P less than .05) by 5 d in the CFF group compared with the C group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Effects of charcoal-extracted, XXXX follicular fluid on gonadotropin concentrations, the onset of estrus and luteal function in heifers.

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone']

entities_list: @entity3774 :: ('MESH:D015237', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandin F2 alpha']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['estradiol']

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['bovine']


abstract: Effect of @entity4140 alone or the combination of @entity4140 and @entity6359 on gastric secretion during anesthesia and surgery was evaluated in 52 elective surgical @entity1 ranged in age from 17 to 68 years. These @entity1 of each group were divided into two subgroups according to their age either 40 years and under or over. The @entity1 underwent orthopedic, ophthalmic, ENT, plastic or non-abdominal general surgery under neuroleptanesthesia except 5 @entity1 who had enflurane or @entity5161 anesthesia. They received either @entity4140 10 mg or the combination of @entity4140 10 mg and @entity6359 20 mg intravenously just before the induction of anesthesia. Volume and acidity of gastric juice were measured for 3 hours after the administration of these agents. Decrease in volume and acidity of gastric juice continued for more than 3 hours after the administration of @entity4140 alone or the combination of @entity4140 and @entity6359 , and it was more prominent in the combination group than in the @entity4140 group. There was no statistical difference in volume of gastric juice between the @entity1 of 40 years and under in age and those over 40 years in each group. However, the intragastric pH tended to be lower in @entity1 of 40 years and under in age than that in those over 40 years. A percentage of @entity1 who had intragastric pH below 2.5 was larger in the @entity4140 administered @entity1 of 40 years and under in age than that of the remaining @entity1 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Does aging influence effect of @entity4140 alone or combination of XXXX and @entity6359 on gastric secretion during anesthesia and surgery?].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5161 :: ('MESH:D007530', 'Chemical') :: ['isoflurane']

entities_list: @entity6359 :: ('MESH:D015738', 'Chemical') :: ['famotidine']

entities_list: @entity4140 :: ('MESH:D010890', 'Chemical') :: ['pirenzepine']

answer: @entity4140 :: (MESH:D010890,Chemical) :: ['pirenzepine']


abstract: A now 43-year-old @entity1 was known since childhood to have mesenteric and subcutaneous @entity3329 . Histological examination of liver biopsies and excision of some lymph nodes when an adult showed epithelioid @entity738 , in places with Langhans giant cells. Diagnostic splenectomy revealed no pathological findings. His present admission to hospital was for an @entity281 with high fever. On auscultation moist rales were audible over the apex of the left lung. The chest radiography showed pneumonic infiltration. Blood culture grew @entity796 . Ultrasound demonstrated hypoechogenic homogeneous and smoothly circumscribed round foci in the liver hilus and around the coeliac trunk. The @entity55 healed under antibiotic treatment. As chronic @entity2883 was suspected, the @entity2387 and @entity224 production tests were performed. They demonstrated that the capacity of the granulocytes to form @entity26 radicals was markedly diminished. @entity102 is an @entity74 of granulocyte function linked to the X-chromosome. It must be included in the differential diagnosis of any unclear @entity738 even in adults.

title: [ XXXX : a rare differential diagnosis in liver granulomas in adulthood].

entities_list: @entity3329 :: ('MESH:D008206', 'Disease') :: ['lymphadenopathy']

entities_list: @entity796 :: ('287', 'Species') :: ['Pseudomonas aeruginosa']

entities_list: @entity738 :: ('MESH:D006099', 'Disease') :: ['granulomas', 'granulomatous disease']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['upper lobe pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity2387 :: ('MESH:D009580', 'Chemical') :: ['nitroblue tetrazolium']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic granulomatosis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['inherited disorder']

entities_list: @entity2883 :: ('MESH:D014890', 'Disease') :: ['granulomatosis']

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide']

answer: @entity102 :: (MESH:D002908,Disease) :: ['Chronic granulomatosis']


abstract: @entity9338 ( @entity9338 ) is an uncommon disorder of unknown etiology, mostly affecting @entity1 in their fifth and sixth decade of life. It is believed to be an autoimmune process involving T cells directed against basal keratinocytes. It affects the skin, nails, oral pharynx and genitals. Esophageal involvement is quite rare and can cause strictures, @entity1066 and @entity1544 . The present article describes the case of a 54-year-old @entity1 who was referred for assessment of @entity1282 that initially occurred with solids, which then progressed to soft foods but spared liquids. The @entity1 reported a @entity353 of 9.1 kg. An esophagogastroduodenoscopy was performed and she was subsequently diagnosed with @entity2910 . At the same time, she was also diagnosed with oral @entity9338 , with no involvement of the esophagus. She was treated with a proton pump inhibitor that resolved her @entity344 . The symptoms returned one year later and a repeat esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed white plaques due to @entity9338 . She was treated with intermittent glucocorticoids. Diagnosis of esophageal @entity9338 is crucial for the proper treatment. Some @entity1 may require systemic immunosuppression and mechanical dilation to prevent @entity353 . Surveillance endoscopies should be performed to monitor for @entity1544 . @entity205 has been used for genital and oral @entity9338 , but the present case is the first in which it has been used successfully to treat esophageal @entity9338 .

title: XXXX in the management of esophageal lichen planus.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity2910 :: ('MESH:D004941', 'Disease') :: ['pill esophagitis']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerations']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal symptoms']

entities_list: @entity1544 :: ('MESH:D018307', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell cancer']

entities_list: @entity9338 :: ('MESH:D008010', 'Disease') :: ['LP', 'Lichen planus']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['Cyclosporine']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['dysphagia']

answer: @entity205 :: (MESH:D016572,Chemical) :: ['Cyclosporine']


abstract: PURPOSE: Previously, we showed that adoptive transfer of in vivo vaccine-primed and ex vivo (anti-CD3/anti- @entity1361 ) costimulated autologous T cells (ex-T) at day +12 after transplant increased @entity404 and @entity405 T-cell counts at day +42 and augmented vaccine-specific immune responses in @entity1 with @entity1582 . Here, we investigated the safety and kinetics of T-cell recovery after infusing ex-T at day +2 after transplant. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: In this phase I/II two-arm clinical trial, 50 @entity1 with @entity1582 received autografts after high-dose melphalan followed by infusions of ex-T at day +2 after transplant. @entity1 also received pretransplant and posttransplant immunizations using a pneumococcal conjugate vaccine only (arm B; n = 24) or the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine plus an HLA-A2-restricted microltipeptide vaccine for HLA-A2(+) @entity1 (arm A; n = 26). RESULTS: The mean number of T cells infused was 4.26 x 10(10) (range, 1.59-5.0). At day 14 after transplant, the median CD3, @entity404 , and @entity405 counts were 4,198, 1,545, and 2,858 cells/microL, respectively. Interleukin (IL)-6 and @entity8252 levels increased early after transplant and @entity8252 levels correlated significantly to day 14 T-cell counts. Robust vaccine-specific B- and T-cell responses were generated. T-cell infusions were well tolerated with no effect on hematopoietic recovery. Eight @entity1 (16%) developed @entity784 " characterized by @entity294 and @entity221 that was clinically and histopathologically indistinguishable from grade 1 to 3 @entity2132 ( @entity2132 ) of the gastrointestinal tract (seven @entity1 ) and/or grade 1 to 2 cutaneous @entity2132 (four @entity1 ). CONCLUSIONS: Adoptive T-cell transfers achieve robust T-cell recovery early after transplant and induce moderate-to-severe autologous @entity2132 in a subset of @entity1 .

title: Rapid immune recovery and XXXX -like engraftment syndrome following adoptive transfer of Costimulated autologous T cells.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity784 :: ('MESH:D016399', 'Disease') :: ['a T-cell "engraftment syndrome']

entities_list: @entity2132 :: ('MESH:D006086', 'Disease') :: ['GVHD', 'acute graft-versus-host disease']

answer: @entity2132 :: (MESH:D006086,Disease) :: ['graft-versus-host disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Intravenous (IV) @entity3303 and @entity6948 have been shown to decrease @entity282 , reduce analgesic consumption and facilitate return of bowel function. We investigated whether @entity3303 combined with @entity6948 infusion was superior in controlling @entity158 and recovery of bowel function. METHODS: 240 @entity1 undergoing elective abdominal hysterectomy were randomly assigned into four groups: group CON received normal saline infusion, group LIDO received @entity3303 infusion (1.5 mg/kg loading, 1.5 mg/kg/h infusion), group @entity9170 received @entity6948 infusion (0.5  g/kg loading, 0.4  g/kg/h infusion) and group LIDO+ @entity9170 received @entity3303 (1.5 mg/kg loading, 1.5 mg/kg/h infusion) and @entity6948 infusion (0.5  g/kg loading, 0.4  g/kg/h infusion), respectively. The primary outcome was visual analog @entity158 scale (VAS) scores at 1, 4, 8, 12, 24 and 48 h after surgery. The secondary outcomes included time to first bowel sounds and flatus, postoperative @entity3575 requirement and perioperative @entity1875 and @entity1937 consumption. RESULTS: The VAS scores were significantly lower in groups LIDO and @entity9170 at 4, 8 and 12 h compared to group CON after surgery (P < 0.01). The VAS scores were also significantly lower in group LIDO+ @entity9170 at 1, 4, 8, 12 and 24 h compared to other three groups after surgery (P < 0.01). Time to first bowel sounds and flatus was significantly shorter in groups LIDO and LIDO+ @entity9170 than groups CON and @entity9170 (P < 0.01). Postoperative @entity3575 requirement was significantly lower in group LIDO at 1, 4 h and in group @entity9170 at 1, 4, 8 h compared to group CON after surgery (P < 0.01). Postoperative @entity3575 requirement was also significantly lower in group LIDO+ @entity9170 at 1, 4, 8, 12, 24 and 48 h compared to other three groups after surgery (P < 0.01). @entity1875 and @entity1937 consumption was significantly lower in groups LIDO, @entity9170 and LIDO+ @entity9170 compared to group CON (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: @entity3303 combined with @entity6948 infusion significantly improved @entity282 and enhanced recovery of bowel function undergoing abdominal hysterectomy.

title: Effects of intravenous XXXX , @entity6948 and their combination on the @entity282 and recovery of bowel function in @entity1 undergoing abdominal hysterectomy.

entities_list: @entity3303 :: ('MESH:D008012', 'Chemical') :: ['Lidocaine', 'lidocaine']

entities_list: @entity1875 :: ('MESH:D015742', 'Chemical') :: ['propofol', 'Propofol']

entities_list: @entity6948 :: ('MESH:D020927', 'Chemical') :: ['dexmedetomidine']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative pain']

entities_list: @entity3575 :: ('MESH:D005283', 'Chemical') :: ['fentanyl']

entities_list: @entity1937 :: ('MESH:C071741', 'Chemical') :: ['remifentanil']

answer: @entity3303 :: (MESH:D008012,Chemical) :: ['lidocaine']


abstract: Minimally stimulated, retained "basal' tears and stimulated reflex tears were collected from normal controls, @entity10243 ( @entity10243 ) @entity1 , and contact lens (CL) wearers. Basal tear samples were collected on small filter paper strips (Periopaper) over a five-second period, and volume was measured by means of an electronic device (Periotron). Collected basal tear volumes for @entity10243 @entity1 (0.84 +/- 0.42 mul) were significantly lower (P less than 0.01) than normal controls (1.18 +/- 0.36) and CL wearers (1.24 +/- 0.27). Reflex tear flow rates were measured over a five-minute period on Schirmer strips. Volume was calculated by comparison of wet length with known volumes of 1% egg white lysozyme solution. The reflex tear flow rates in @entity10243 @entity1 (3.29 +/- 3.57 mul/minute) were significantly lower than normal controls (5.71 +/- 5.86) and CL wearers (6.96 +/- 6.07). The elevation in CL wearers was not statistically significant when compared to normals. @entity10243 @entity1 are @entity21 compared to normals but have a more significant deficiency of basal tears. Female normals and CL wearers over 40 years of age have a higher tear osmolarity than those under 41 years of age. Female @entity10243 @entity1 over 40 years of age have a tear osmolarity that is not significantly different from female @entity10243 @entity1 under 41 years of age.

title: Basal and reflex XXXX tear analysis. I. Physical measurements: osmolarity, basal volumes, and reflex flow rate.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity21 :: ('MESH:D001480', 'Disease') :: ['deficient in both basal and reflex tears']

entities_list: @entity10243 :: ('MESH:D007638', 'Disease') :: ['keratoconjunctivitis sicca', 'KCS']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: AIM: This study was designed to determine the efficacy and tolerability of @entity416 , @entity901 and bevacizumab in combination with cetuximab as first-line therapy for advanced @entity14 . @entity1 AND METHODS: @entity1 with previously untreated advanced @entity14 received @entity901 130 mg/m   and bevacizumab 7.5 mg/kg every three weeks, @entity416 850 mg/m   twice daily on days 1-14, and cetuximab at 400 mg/m   load and 250 mg/m   weekly. @entity984 , @entity817 and @entity10412 mutation status from paraffin-embedded @entity5 samples were assessed using real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: Thirty @entity1 were evaluable for safety and efficacy. One @entity1 had a complete response and 12 @entity1 had a partial response, giving an overall response rate of 43% (95% confidence interval (CI) 25%-63%). Fifteen @entity1 had stable disease. The median time to progression was 10.3 months (95% CI, 6.8-16.3 months). The median overall survival was 18.8 months (95% CI, 14.2-23.7 months). Common grade >=  3 non-hematological @entity137 were @entity1910 (37%), @entity16 (27%) and @entity294 (17%). Grade >=  3 hematological @entity137 were uncommon. Mutations in @entity984 , @entity817 and @entity10412 occurred in 34.5%, 10.3% and 10.3% of @entity1 respectively, but did not correlate with treatment outcome. CONCLUSION: The addition of cetuximab to @entity416 , @entity901 and bevacizumab did not improve the three-drug regimen activity compared to published data and was associated with significant @entity137 requiring frequent dose modifications. @entity984 , @entity817 , and @entity10412 mutation status were consistent with published literature, but did not affect outcome in this small study.

title: A phase II study of @entity416 , XXXX , bevacizumab and cetuximab in the treatment of metastatic @entity14 .

entities_list: @entity901 :: ('MESH:C030110', 'Chemical') :: ['oxaliplatin']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity416 :: ('MESH:C110904', 'Chemical') :: ['capecitabine']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['sensory neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity901 :: (MESH:C030110,Chemical) :: ['oxaliplatin']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity3223 (natural killer group 2, member D) binds to cellular ligands of the MIC and ULBP/RAET family. These ligands have restricted expression in normal tissue, but are frequently expressed on @entity5 . The role of @entity3223 ligands is thought to be important in @entity105 but its prognostic effect has not been investigated in such a large cohort. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: In our study, 462 primary @entity14 were screened for the expression of all MIC/ULBP/RAET proteins and NK cell infiltration. Tumor microarray technology was used for the purpose of this investigation. RESULTS: @entity3223 ligands were expressed by the majority of @entity14 ; however, the level of expression varied considerably. High expression of MIC (68 versus 56 months) or @entity24867 (74 versus 62 months) showed improved @entity1 survival. @entity5 expressing high levels of MIC and @entity24867 showed improved survival of 77 months over @entity5 that expressed high levels of one ligand or low levels of both. High-level expression of all ligands was frequent in @entity5 -node- @entity3 stage I @entity5 , but became progressively less frequent in stages II, III, and IV @entity5 . Expression of MIC was correlated with NK cellular infiltration. CONCLUSION: The observations presented are consistent with an immunoediting mechanism that selects @entity5 cells that have lost or reduced their expression of @entity3223 ligands. The combination of MIC and @entity5 -node- @entity3 stage was found to be the strongest predictor of survival, splitting @entity1 into eight groups and suggesting prognostic value in clinical assessment. Of particular interest were stage I @entity1 with low expression of MIC who had a similar survival to stage III @entity1 , and may be candidates for adjuvant therapy.

title: @entity3223 ligand expression in @entity1 XXXX reveals associations with prognosis and evidence for immunoediting.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumors', 'primary tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal tumors']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity105 :: ('MESH:D063646', 'Disease') :: ['carcinogenesis']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: Marker-assisted breeding value estimation is expected to increase the accuracy of estimated breeding values, especially for traits with low heritability. Several quantitative trait loci (QTL) have been found for somatic cell score and clinical @entity1271 . The objective of this study was to demonstrate marker-assisted breeding value estimation, combining data of genotyped and ungenotyped animals in a large pedigree population using either @entity5748 ( @entity5748 ) or @entity5748 ( @entity5748 ) haplotypes for some previously identified QTL regions for somatic cell score and clinical @entity1271 in Finnish Ayrshire @entity291 . For both methods, QTL variances were estimated based on daughter yield deviations of genotyped bulls. The QTL explained only a small proportion of genetic variance, especially with @entity5748 haplotypes. Using @entity5748 haplotypes gave more reranking of bulls and @entity291 than using @entity5748 haplotypes. Cross-validation showed no increase in predictive ability when using @entity5748 haplotypes compared with conventional breeding value estimation, whereas a decrease in predictive ability was observed with @entity5748 haplotypes. Furthermore, computing time was lower and convergence was better with @entity5748 haplotypes than with @entity5748 haplotypes. In this study on @entity1271 resistance in Finnish Ayrshire, conventional breeding value estimation would be advocated because of the lack in improvement of accuracy and predictive ability when using marker-assisted breeding value estimation. However, in situations where @entity5748 haplotypes would explain 10 to 20% or more of the genetic variance, marker-assisted breeding value estimation with @entity5748 haplotypes may yield greater accuracy and predictive ability than conventional breeding value estimation.

title: Marker-assisted breeding value estimation for XXXX resistance in Finnish Ayrshire @entity291 .

entities_list: @entity5748 :: ('MESH:D009105', 'Disease') :: ['identical-by-descent', 'IBS', 'identical-by-state', 'IBD']

answer: @entity1271 :: (MESH:D008413,Disease) :: ['mastitis']


abstract: Most likely the transformation of epithelial cells to @entity189 cells takes place during the process of differentiation. In order to study in vitro @entity105 , an experimental system for organ cultures was developed in which @entity1 respiratory epithelial from tracheal biopsies differentiate within six weeks. The mucosal and submucosal layer of small tracheal biopsies was cut into pieces measuring 3 x 3 and 5 x 5 mm2, respectively, and placed on Gelita cubes (Braun-Melsungen, Germany) measuring 10 x 10 x 10 mm3 with the epithelium facing up. The culture medium (RPMI 1640 supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum, 200 mM @entity9640 , 100 IU/ml penicillin, and 100 micrograms/ml @entity3639 ) was added in a way that the tissue lay between the medium and air. Gelita deteriorates in about two to three weeks. However, the cultures are easily transferred to fresh Gelita cubes using the rest of the old Gelita. These organ cultures were fixed at regular intervals, and histological sections were stained with @entity1710 eosin or monoclonal antibodies against cytoskeletal intermediate filament proteins. These morphological and histological studies revealed that the epithelial cells differentiated under these conditions in at least 39 days. The mesenchymal elements remained viable without showing strong proliferation. The implication of these techniques for studying @entity105 in vitro is discussed.

title: [Morphologic and immunohistochemical studies of organ cultures of XXXX tracheal biopsies].

entities_list: @entity9640 :: ('CHEBI:18050', 'Chemical') :: ['L-glutamine']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3639 :: ('MESH:D013307', 'Chemical') :: ['streptomycin']

entities_list: @entity1710 :: ('MESH:D006416', 'Chemical') :: ['hematoxylin']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: PURPOSE: Therapeutic recommendations of acute @entity2679 are not consistently implemented, which generates greater @entity1 morbidity and higher health care costs. The aim of this article is to evaluate the burden of acute @entity2679 , to detect potentially modifiable variables, and to propose a therapeutic strategy that will allow us to improve the quality of care. METHODS: We carried out a retrospective study of @entity1 who were admitted to the hospital from January 2010 to December 2012 using a univariate analysis of parameters including the admitting department, age, treatment administered, and length of stay. RESULTS: A total of 967 @entity1 were admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of acute @entity2679 , 692 (72  %) to the Surgery Department, 257 (26  %) to Internal Medicine-Digestive, and 18 (2  %) to other departments. Four hundred ninety-eight (51.5  %) were operated on: 107 (21  %) on an urgent basis, 111 (22  %) at an early stage (<96  h at diagnosis), 152 (30  %) at a late stage (>96  h at diagnosis), and 128 (26  %) at a delayed date (other admission). @entity1 who were admitted into the surgery department were five times more likely to be operated on than @entity1 admitted into other departments (p   <   0.01). @entity1 operated on at a late stage had a longer length of stay than early stage surgery @entity1 (p   <   0.05) and than non-operated ones (p   <   0.05). @entity1 <74  years old were more frequently operated than older ones (p   <   0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The non-standardized treatment of acute @entity2679 causes high clinical and surgical variability, long average stay, more readmissions, and high hospital costs. Therefore, @entity1 with a diagnosis of acute @entity2679 should be admitted to the Surgery Department, thereby increasing the probability of receiving definite treatment.

title: Improving the outcome of acute XXXX : the non-standardized treatment must no longer be employed.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity2679 :: ('MESH:D002764', 'Disease') :: ['cholecystitis']

answer: @entity2679 :: (MESH:D002764,Disease) :: ['cholecystitis']


abstract: Periurethral injection of @entity736 (Teflon) paste was performed to treat moderate to severe stress @entity322 following prostatectomy. A total of 20 procedures was performed in 13 @entity1 , of whom 8 had previously undergone radical prostatectomy for @entity263 and 5 had undergone transurethral electrocautery resection of the prostate for @entity1876 due to @entity1067 . All @entity1 had significant stress @entity322 requiring a minimum of 2 pads wet daily. Between 16 and 20 cc @entity736 paste were injected initially transurethrally into the periurethral tissues in the region of the external sphincter. Of the 13 @entity1 7 underwent a second injection procedure with an additional 12 to 23 cc paste. Three @entity1 (23%) experienced a noticeable improvement in continence status, including 1 of 5 @entity1 after transurethral electrocautery resection and 2 of 8 after radical prostatectomy. However, none of these @entity1 became completely dry or was able to eliminate completely the use of pads. Of the 13 @entity1 10 (77%) experienced no detectable improvement in continence status. Seven @entity1 have now successfully undergone implantation of an artificial urinary sphincter without complication. With a minimum followup of 11 months in all @entity1 and a maximum followup of 3 years, none has experienced any clinically detectable long-term side effects related to the @entity736 injection or evidence of particulate migration.

title: Treatment of post-prostatectomy stress XXXX with periurethral @entity736 paste injection.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['urinary incontinence']

entities_list: @entity1067 :: ('MESH:D011470', 'Disease') :: ['benign prostatic hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity736 :: ('CHEBI:53251', 'Chemical') :: ['polytetrafluoroethylene']

entities_list: @entity1876 :: ('MESH:D001748', 'Disease') :: ['bladder outlet obstruction']

answer: @entity322 :: (MESH:D014549,Disease) :: ['urinary incontinence']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To outline the anatomic variations of @entity600 of the uterine cervix and to discuss the clinical management of @entity3799 and @entity16490 . DESIGN: Thirty @entity1 who were treated for cervical @entity600 in six institutions during a 69-year interval are reviewed. SETTING: Hospital-based tertiary-care reproductive endocrine @entity249 units. @entity1 (S): Thirty @entity1 with @entity154 . INTERVENTION(S): Exploratory laparotomy with cervicovaginal reconstruction or hysterectomy. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): All surgical findings were carefully reviewed to determine the anatomic characteristics of the malformed cervix. When cervical reconstruction was performed, the @entity1 was followed to determine the need for reoperation or if the @entity1 achieved a pregnancy. RESULT(S): @entity1 lacked a cervix ( @entity3799 ) or had one of three variants of cervical @entity16490 . @entity1 with cervical @entity16490 were characterized as having: 1) an intact cervical body with obstruction of the cervical os; 2) a cervical body consisting of a fibrous band or cord; or 3) cervical fragmentation. One @entity1 conceived after reconstruction. Reoperation was less likely to occur among @entity1 who had an obstructed endocervical canal but an otherwise normal cervical body. CONCLUSION(S): There are two forms of anatomic @entity600 , the second of which may be considered as three distinct variations.

title: XXXX of the uterine cervix: lessons from 30 cases managed clinically by a common protocol.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENT']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['congenital uterine-cervical anomalies']

entities_list: @entity249 :: ('MESH:D007246', 'Disease') :: ['infertility']

entities_list: @entity16490 :: ('MESH:D050033', 'Disease') :: ['dysgenesis']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['malformations', 'congenital cervical malformations']

entities_list: @entity3799 :: ('MESH:D002575', 'Disease') :: ['cervical agenesis']

answer: @entity154 :: (MESH:D000013,Disease) :: ['Congenital anomalies']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity65 causes morbidity and mortality in @entity740 . Increased formation of @entity26 -derived radicals can accelerate the development of @entity731 . Several studies have shown an imbalance in antioxidant activity, resulting in high oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation, in subjects undergoing hemodialysis. METHODS: Eighty-nine subjects with @entity740 and varying degrees of @entity8 , some of who were undergoing peritoneal or hemodialysis, were studied and compared with a group of healthy controls. F2- @entity10329 , @entity4259 , and oxidized low density lipoprotein (LDL) concentrations were used as markers for in vivo oxidative stress; paraoxonase and @entity2041 peroxidase were used as markers of antioxidant activity. RESULTS: We quantified serum F2- @entity10329 , paraoxonase, @entity4259 , oxidized LDL, and RBC @entity2041 and compared the treatment regimens using post-hoc pair-wise comparisons and Tukey's honest statistical difference. A significant increase in oxidative stress between the hemodialysis and control group was noted. The @entity177 and peritoneal dialysis groups showed increased oxidative stress and decreased antioxidant capacity, reaching statistical significance for some serum analytes. @entity4259 concentrations and oxidized LDL did not vary significantly between the hemodialysis and control groups. CONCLUSION: These data suggest that increased oxidative stress and decreased antioxidant activity are associated with declining renal function.

title: Blood enzymes and oxidative stress in XXXX : a cross sectional study.

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal impairment']

entities_list: @entity4259 :: ('MESH:D012643', 'Chemical') :: ['Selenium', 'selenium']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity2041 :: ('MESH:D005978', 'Chemical') :: ['glutathione']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['chronic kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity10329 :: ('MESH:D028421', 'Chemical') :: ['isoprostanes']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['Cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity740 :: (MESH:D051436,Disease) :: ['chronic kidney disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Rates and impacts of worsening symptoms in @entity1 with @entity1569 have not been well characterized. OBJECTIVES: To assess the risk of clinically relevant worsening of @entity1569 symptoms in @entity1 treated with adalimumab versus placebo and to determine the health-related quality-of-life (HRQOL) impacts of such worsening. METHODS: The cumulative incidence of worsening was compared for adalimumab (40   mg every other week following an 80   mg induction dose) versus placebo using data from two phase III randomized, placebo-controlled trials (CHAMPION and REVEAL). Clinically relevant worsening of @entity1569 was defined as a follow-up visit with a >= 25% increase in the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) from baseline or a >= 5-unit increase in the Dermatology Life Quality Index from baseline during the initial 16-week double-blind treatment periods. @entity1 with versus without worsening were compared in terms of @entity158 , work productivity and activity impairment (WPAI) and the mental and physical component summary ( @entity8848 and PCS) scores of the Short-Form 36 Health Survey. A subgroup analysis was performed for @entity1 with PASI 10-20 at baseline. RESULTS: The 17-week risk of clinically relevant worsening was 37.0% (95% CI 26.1, 46.3) for placebo (n   =   445) and 4.2% (95% CI 2.0, 6.3) for adalimumab-treated @entity1 (n   =   914) [p   <   0.0001]. @entity1 with versus without worsening experienced substantially increased @entity158 , increased WPAI and greater impairment in @entity8848 and PCS. Results were similar for @entity1 with PASI 10-20 at baseline. LIMITATIONS: The short study duration may not reflect long-term outcomes. CONCLUSION: Clinically relevant worsening of @entity1569 symptoms was associated with substantial worsening of HRQOL. Adalimumab treatment was associated with a substantially reduced risk of clinically relevant worsening.

title: Effects of adalimumab versus placebo on risk of symptom worsening in XXXX and subsequent impacts on health-related quality-of-life: analysis of pooled data from two randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre clinical trials.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1569 :: ('MESH:D011565', 'Disease') :: ['psoriasis']

answer: @entity1569 :: (MESH:D011565,Disease) :: ['psoriasis']


abstract: It was found that @entity13473 sp. No. Y-8980 which was isolated from a soil sample collected at Yoron Island in Kagoshima Prefecture belonged to @entity13473 group by morphological observation. The active substance produced by the strain was obtained with a high yield in @entity969 - @entity375 extract medium and extracted by @entity3636 , @entity1046 and @entity10439 at pH 2.4 approximately 2.6 from the culture broth. The substance was crystallized from @entity3636 and @entity1046 after charcoal treatment of the crude crystal. From various physico-chemical properties, it was found that the substance was identical to @entity16989 . @entity16989 showed MICs of 25 approximately 100 mcg/ml, 12.5 mcg/ml and 50 mcg/ml against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, @entity16990 and @entity7590 , respectively, but it did not control Pseudomonas, fungi and @entity375 . The LD50 was 75 mg/kg i.p. and i.v. in @entity19 . With regards to the anti- @entity5 effect, the morphological degeneration on HeLa cells ( @entity1 @entity189 cells) was observed in the concentrations of more than 6.25 mcg/ml of @entity16989 . An increase of body weight of @entity19 caused by Ehrlich ascites @entity189 cells was not definitely observed by the daily administration of 150 mcg of @entity16989 per @entity19 for 8 consecutive days. Above showed the enough survival effect in dd @entity19 implanted with Ehrlich ascites @entity189 cells, and the effect also was demonstrated by anatomies of @entity19 .

title: Studies on XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1046 :: ('MESH:C007650', 'Chemical') :: ['ethyl acetate']

entities_list: @entity13473 :: ('33178', 'Species') :: ['Aspergillus', 'Aspergillus terreus']

entities_list: @entity16989 :: ('MESH:C009400', 'Chemical') :: ['terreic acid', 'Terreic acid']

entities_list: @entity16990 :: ('347', 'Species') :: ['Xanthomonas oryzae']

entities_list: @entity3636 :: ('MESH:D002725', 'Chemical') :: ['chloroform']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity7590 :: ('346', 'Species') :: ['Xanthomonas citri']

entities_list: @entity969 :: ('MESH:D013395', 'Chemical') :: ['sucrose']

answer: @entity16989 :: (MESH:C009400,Chemical) :: ['terreic acid']


abstract: AIMS: @entity8042 integrin-mediated adhesion is thought to be a key event in @entity65 . However, results of clinical trials targeting these molecules have been disappointing. Here, we investigated the effect of inactivation of @entity8042 integrins at different stages of @entity731 by timed bone marrow transplantation (BMT) of @entity12213 (-/-) cells in @entity1748 knockout ( @entity1748 (-/-)) @entity19 . METHODS AND RESULTS: Early BMT before fatty streak formation revealed a short-term protective effect of @entity12213 (34% @entity731 reduction). Once @entity8481 had developed (5-week atherogenic diet) before BMT, @entity8042 integrin expression did not affect lesion progression. However, after the establishment of more mature lesions (pre-feeding @entity19 the atherogenic diet for 10 weeks), @entity12213 (+/+) BMT enhanced @entity731 (36%) lesion progression compared with @entity12213 (-/-) BMT. Furthermore, @entity8042 integrins modulated the capacity of isolated peritoneal macrophages to take up acetylated LDL and native LDL and to phagocytose apoptotic cells, possibly via @entity12213 -dependent mitogen-activated protein kinase signalling. Gene expression profile of @entity12213 (-/-) and @entity12213 (+/+) macrophages revealed significant differences in putative protective as well as atherogenic functions. CONCLUSION: @entity8042 integrin-mediated interaction between leucocytes and the vessel wall is a time-dependent and dynamic process. During the initiation phase, it protects against @entity731 formation. However, with the evolution of the lesion and chronic exposure to dyslipidaemia, @entity8042 integrins' pro-atherogenic action becomes dominant, accelerating the @entity731 process.

title: @entity8042 integrins modulate the initiation and progression of XXXX in @entity1748 knockout @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity1748 :: ('16835(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['LDLR', 'low-density lipoprotein receptor']

entities_list: @entity8481 :: ('MESH:C536351', 'Disease') :: ['fatty streak lesions']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerotic', 'atherosclerosis', 'atherosclerotic lesion']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity731 :: (MESH:D050197,Disease) :: ['atherosclerosis']


abstract: Mistakes in chromosome segregation lead to aneuploid cells. In somatic cells, aneuploidy is associated with @entity5 but in gametes, aneuploidy leads to @entity249 , @entity245 like @entity1467 . Haploid gametes form through species-specific developmental programs that are coupled to meiosis. The first @entity1467 ( @entity1467 ) is unique to meiosis because sister chromatids remain attached while homologous chromosomes are segregated. For reasons not fully understood, this reductional division is prone to errors and is more commonly the source of @entity2246 in male meiosis. In mammals, oocytes arrest at prophase of @entity1467 with a large, intact germinal vesicle (GV; nucleus) and only resume meiosis when they receive ovulatory cues. Once meiosis resumes, oocytes complete @entity1467 and undergo an asymmetric cell division, arresting again at metaphase of MII. Eggs will not complete MII until they are fertilized by sperm. Oocytes also can undergo meiotic maturation using established in vitro culture conditions. Because generation of transgenic and gene-targeted @entity19 mutants is costly and can take long periods of time, manipulation of female gametes in vitro is a more economical and time-saving strategy. Here, we describe methods to isolate prophase-arrested oocytes from @entity19 and for microinjection. Any material of choice may be introduced into the oocyte, but because meiotically-competent oocytes are transcriptionally silent cRNA, and not DNA, must be injected for ectopic expression studies. To assess ploidy, we describe our conditions for in vitro maturation of oocytes to MII eggs. Historically, chromosome-spreading techniques are used for counting chromosome number. This method is technically challenging and is limited to only identifying hyperploidies. Here, we describe a method to determine hypo-and hyperploidies using intact eggs. This method uses @entity16003 , a kinesin-5 inhibitor, that collapses the bipolar spindle into a monopolar spindle thus separating chromosomes such that individual kinetochores can readily be detected and counted by using an anti-CREST autoimmune serum. Because this method is performed in intact eggs, chromosomes are not lost due to operator error.

title: XXXX oocyte microinjection, maturation and ploidy assessment.

entities_list: @entity249 :: ('MESH:D007246', 'Disease') :: ['infertility']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity245 :: ('MESH:D002658', 'Disease') :: ['miscarriages or developmental disorders']

entities_list: @entity1467 :: ('MESH:D004314', 'Disease') :: ['Down syndrome', 'MI', 'meiotic division']

entities_list: @entity16003 :: ('MESH:C400223', 'Chemical') :: ['monastrol']

entities_list: @entity2246 :: ('MESH:D008661', 'Disease') :: ['aneuploidy than errors in meiosis II (MII) or than errors']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['Mouse']


abstract: Enterovirus (EV) @entity281 are common. There are more than 60 known serotypes, and each has different epidemiologic or medical importance. Over 700 physicians from 75% of basic administrative units of Taiwan participated in the "Sentinel Physician Surveillance of @entity166 " and reported weekly to the Center for Disease Control-Taiwan with data on various @entity281 . Data of laboratory-confirmed @entity9488 from this surveillance between 2000 and 2005 was analyzed. EV serotypes were determined by immunofluorescence staining and/or viral VP1 sequence analysis. A total of 12,236 EV cases, or approximately 1,300-2,500 per year, were identified, and 52% of the cases occurred between April and July. The median age was 3 years, and 57.6% of @entity1 were male. @entity14590 (CA) 16 and EV71, which primarily manifest as @entity5825 , were the most prevalent serotypes every year except 2004. Other prevalent serotypes and associated symptoms varied from year to year. Echovirus (E) 30 and E6, which are associated with @entity5827 , were prevalent in 2001 and 2002, @entity3729 and @entity14591 , which cause @entity5826 , were predominant in 2004, and coxsackievirus B (CB) 4 and CB3, which are associated with neonatal febrile disease, were most common in 2004 and 2005, respectively. Some of these epidemics overlapped with outbreaks of the same serotypes in other Asian Pacific countries. Of all serotypes, EV71 was associated with the highest number of severe complications in @entity1 . Surveying the epidemic pattern, disease spectra, and severity associated with each EV serotype provided important information for public health and medical personnel.

title: Epidemiological survey of XXXX occurring in Taiwan between 2000 and 2005: analysis of sentinel physician surveillance data.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity14590 :: ('138948', 'Species') :: ['Coxsackievirus A']

entities_list: @entity9488 :: ('MESH:D004769', 'Disease') :: ['EV infections']

entities_list: @entity5825 :: ('MESH:D006232', 'Disease') :: ['hand-foot-and-mouth disease']

entities_list: @entity5827 :: ('MESH:D008582', 'Disease') :: ['aseptic meningitis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['Infectious Disease']

entities_list: @entity5826 :: ('MESH:D006557', 'Disease') :: ['herpangina']

answer: @entity9488 :: (MESH:D004769,Disease) :: ['enterovirus infections']


abstract: Centrosome amplification, which may accelerate @entity5 progression through chromosomal instability, is frequently observed in @entity1 @entity5 . The intercellular relation between the number of centrosomes and chromosomes, however, is poorly understood. Therefore, the relationship between centrosomes and chromosomal copy number in the same cells was investigated in @entity150 . Centrosomes were evaluated by immunohistochemistry, using anti-gamma-tubulin antibody in eight @entity150 cell lines. Fluorescence in situ hybridization with centromeric probes for chromosomes 7, 9, and 17 was then performed on the same cells stained with gamma-tubulin. The number of centrosomes was directly proportional to the number of chromosomes in cells with centrosome amplification, while a large intercellular variation in chromosomal copy number was detected in cells with normal numbers of centrosomes. @entity5 cells with centrosome amplification of even centrosome numbers had significantly more even numbers of chromosomes. In @entity5 cells with four centrosomes, even numbers of chromosomes were detected more frequently (87.5%). These @entity150 cell lines showed @entity875 and @entity876 overexpression. These data indicate the occurrence of centrosome amplification with the possible mechanism of cytokinesis failure, resulting in a doubling of the number of centrosomes and chromosomes.

title: Intercellular centrosome number is correlated with the copy number of chromosomes in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'Cancer', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder cancer']

answer: @entity150 :: (MESH:D001749,Disease) :: ['bladder cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to evaluate the early and midterm outcomes of palliative arterial switch operation in which a @entity1757 was not closed or repaired with a fenestrated patch in @entity1 with @entity3886 , @entity1757 , and severe @entity3885 . METHODS: Between March 2000 and September 2009, the palliative arterial switch operation was performed in 21 @entity1 with a mean age of 3.7 years (range, 0.5-15). Mean preoperative values for systolic pulmonary arterial pressure and systemic arterial @entity26 saturation were 91 mm Hg and 69%, respectively. Eighty-one percent of the @entity1 were in New York Heart Association functional class III or IV preoperatively. RESULTS: Early mortality was 14.3%. Mean follow-up was 4.0 years (maximum 9.5 years). Regression of pulmonary arterial pressure occurred in 8 @entity1 (44% of the early survivors). Three of the 8 fenestrations were closed interventionally. Mean postoperative systemic arterial @entity26 saturation increased significantly to 93% (P < .001). One late @entity204 occurred 3 months after surgery. All the long-term survivors (n = 17) were in New York Heart Association functional class I or II (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: The palliative arterial switch operation significantly improved the quality of life and possibly life expectancy in @entity1 with @entity3886 , @entity1757 , and severe @entity3885 . Postoperative pulmonary vascular resistance might be reversible in some @entity1 . Closing the @entity1757 with a fenestrated patch, which can be easily closed nonsurgically later on, might contribute to a safer postoperative recovery.

title: Palliative arterial switch for @entity3886 , XXXX , and @entity3885 : midterm outcomes.

entities_list: @entity3886 :: ('MESH:D014188', 'Disease') :: ['transposition of the great arteries']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity1757 :: ('MESH:D006345', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular septal defect']

entities_list: @entity3885 :: ('MESH:D008173', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary vascular obstructive disease']

answer: @entity1757 :: (MESH:D006345,Disease) :: ['ventricular septal defect']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The improvement in @entity0 survival rates, along with the expected overdiagnosis and overtreatment associated with @entity0 screening, requires a comprehensive assessment of its burden. @entity16 can have a devastating impact on these @entity1 ; @entity9 and chemotherapy-induced @entity1897 are among the most frequently reported. This project aims to understand the burden of @entity16 of @entity0 treatment in Northern Portugal, and their role as mediator of the impact of the treatment in different dimensions of the @entity1 ' quality of life. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: A prospective cohort study was designed to include 500 @entity1 with @entity0 , to be followed for 3 years. The @entity1 were recruited at the Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto and evaluations were planned at different stages: pretreatment, after surgery, after chemotherapy (whenever applicable) and at 1 and 3 years after enrolment. @entity1 diagnosed with @entity9 or chemotherapy-induced @entity1897 (subcohorts), were also evaluated at the moment of confirmation of clinical diagnosis of the @entity16 and 6 months later. In each of the follow-up periods, a neurological examination has been performed by a neurologist. Data were collected on sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, quality of life, sleep quality, and @entity148 and @entity308 . Between January and December 2012, we recruited and conducted the baseline evaluation of 506 @entity1 . The end of the follow-up period is scheduled for December 2015. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto and all @entity1 provided written informed consent. All study procedures were developed in order to assure data protection and confidentiality. Results from this project will be disseminated in international peer-reviewed journals and presented in relevant conferences.

title: XXXX of @entity0 : study protocol of a prospective cohort study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['Neurological complications', 'neurological complication', 'neurological complications']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity9 :: ('MESH:D009437', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathic pain']

answer: @entity16 :: (MESH:D009422,Disease) :: ['Neurological complications']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate posterior subtenon injection of @entity2995 for refractory @entity1103 ( @entity1103 ). DESIGN: Retrospective, interventional, case series. METHODS:                 <AbstractText Label="SETTING" NlmCategory="METHODS">Clinical practice. @entity1 POPULATION: @entity1 with persistent clinically significant @entity1103 involving the center of the fovea 3 or more months after one or more treatments of focal macular photocoagulation were included. Exclusion criteria were a history of corticosteroid-responsive intraocular pressure (IOP) rise, intraocular surgery within 3 months, and any laser treatment within 1 month. PROCEDURE: All @entity1 received an ophthalmic history and examination including best-corrected Snellen visual acuity, IOP measurement, anterior segment examination including evaluation of lens status with LOCS II criteria, dilated fundus examination, and a posterior subtenon injection of 40 mg @entity2995 at baseline. @entity1 were reevaluated at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after injection. RESULTS: Seventy-three injections were performed in 63 eyes of 50 @entity1 . The mean baseline visual acuity was 20/80. Mean visual acuity significantly improved to 20/50 at 1 month, then stabilized to 20/65 at 3 months, 20/68 at 6 months, and 20/63 at 12 months. Complications were rare, with a transient significant rise in intraocular pressure at the 3-month evaluation and @entity1736 in two @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Visual acuities remained stable or improved over a 12-month period after posterior subtenon @entity2713 injections for refractory @entity1103 . There was a statistically significant improvement in visual acuity at 1 month.

title: Posterior subtenon XXXX for refractory @entity1103 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENT']

entities_list: @entity2995 :: ('MESH:D014222', 'Chemical') :: ['triamcinolone acetonide']

entities_list: @entity1103 :: ('MESH:D008269', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic macular edema', 'DME']

entities_list: @entity2713 :: ('MESH:D014221', 'Chemical') :: ['triamcinolone']

answer: @entity2995 :: (MESH:D014222,Chemical) :: ['triamcinolone acetonide']


abstract: Social relationships strongly affect @entity167 @entity457 in @entity1 . Traditional laboratory rodents do not exhibit social affiliations with specific peers, and cannot adequately model how such relationships impact @entity457 . The prairie vole is a socially monogamous rodent used to study social bonds. The present study tested the prairie vole as a potential model for the effects of social affiliations on @entity167 @entity457 . Same-sex adult sibling prairie voles were paired for five days, and then either separated into individual cages, or housed in pairs. Starting at the time of separation, the voles received unlimited access to @entity167 in a two-bottle choice test versus water. Pair-housed siblings exhibited higher preference for @entity167 , but not @entity8021 , than singly housed voles. There was a significant correlation between the amount of @entity167 consumed by each member of a pair when they were housed together (r = 0.79), but not when housed apart (r = 0.20). Following automated analysis of circadian patterns of fluid consumption indicating peak fluid intake before and after the dark phase, a limited access two-hour two-bottle choice procedure was established. Drinking in this procedure resulted in physiologically relevant blood @entity1068 concentrations and increased @entity1639 immunoreactivity in perioculomotor @entity14503 containing neurons (but not in nucleus accumbens or central nucleus of the amygdala). The high @entity1068 preference and sensitivity to social manipulation indicate that prairie voles can serve to model social influences on excessive @entity457 .

title: Prairie voles as a novel model of socially facilitated excessive XXXX .

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity8021 :: ('MESH:D012439', 'Chemical') :: ['saccharin']

entities_list: @entity457 :: ('MESH:D063425', 'Disease') :: ['drinking']

answer: @entity457 :: (MESH:D063425,Disease) :: ['drinking']


abstract: @entity4854 mediates endothelial cell dysfunction through a number of potential mechanisms that could result in the decrease of retinal blood flow early in @entity6 . The aim of this study was to explore the role of @entity9937 ( @entity9937 ) in the early decrease of retinal blood flow in @entity6 @entity19 . @entity6 was induced by @entity3839 , then    1 wk later the @entity19 were administered drinking water with or without the @entity9937 receptor antagonist @entity9469 (7.5mg/kg/day) for the following 3 weeks. Non- @entity6 age-matched @entity19 with or without @entity9469 were included as controls. For each @entity19 , measurements of @entity989 and red blood cell (RBC) velocities were obtained via intravital microscopy for the 5-7 feed arterioles (and draining venules) extending out of (and into) the optic disk, and from these values, flow rates and wall shear rates were calculated. Additionally, the number of retinal capillaries was counted by fluorescent immunostaining of @entity5231 ( @entity5231 ). @entity6 induced statistically significant decreases in RBC velocity, flow rate, and wall shear rate, with these alterations partially inhibited by @entity9469 . No changes were observed in @entity5231 expression among groups. The changes induced by @entity6 , and the attenuation provided by @entity9469 , were greater in the smaller retinal arterioles. In summary, @entity9937 appears to play a role in the early @entity2479 in a @entity19 model of @entity6 .

title: Attenuation of @entity3839 -induced microvascular changes in the XXXX retina with the @entity9937 antagonist @entity9469 .

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetes', 'diabetic', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity2479 :: ('MESH:D012173', 'Disease') :: ['decreases in retinal blood flow']

entities_list: @entity3839 :: ('MESH:D013311', 'Chemical') :: ['streptozotocin']

entities_list: @entity5231 :: ('18613(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1', 'PECAM-1']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['retinal vascular diameters']

entities_list: @entity9469 :: ('MESH:C430623', 'Chemical') :: ['atrasentan']

entities_list: @entity4854 :: ('MESH:D006943', 'Disease') :: ['Hyperglycemia']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Recent studies have demonstrated gender differences in functional outcome after @entity64 . However, the underlying reasons for differences have been inconsistent. The present study examined whether gender differences in long-term functional outcomes exist among surviving @entity1 with first-ever @entity385 and with individual subtypes of @entity64 . METHODS: A total of 997 @entity1 (654 @entity1 , 343 @entity1 ) were followed for 5 years after discharge. @entity1 were assigned to 4 subtypes of @entity385 (atherothrombotic, lacunar, cardioembolic and unclassified @entity1188 ). Functional outcomes were expressed as locomotor activity, assessed using a questionnaire delivered by mail 1 and 5 years after @entity64 . Locomotor function was classified into 5 categories according to the grade of disability. RESULTS: @entity1 showed significantly worse locomotor function than @entity1 at both 1 and 5 years (p < 0.001 and p < 0.01, respectively). Furthermore, significant gender differences in functional outcome were observed in all subtypes of @entity385 at 1 and 5 years after @entity64 . Logistic regression analysis revealed that gender was a significant determinant for functional outcome at 1 and 5 years after @entity64 (p < 0.01 and p < 0.001, respectively). No significant gender difference was seen in the rate of @entity64 recurrence. @entity1 also showed a worse survival ratio after @entity64 than @entity1 (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrated significantly worse functional outcomes for @entity1 than for @entity1 at 1 and 5 years after @entity64 . Gender differences in long-term functional outcomes by subtypes of @entity385 were also significant.

title: Gender differences in long-term functional outcome after first-ever XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'Women', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarction']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity385 :: (MESH:D002544,Disease) :: ['ischemic stroke']


abstract: @entity16 is the most common symptomatic chronic complication in @entity6 @entity1 and accounts for substantial morbidity in the @entity6 population. It is predominently a disease of the older @entity6 population, and shows a progressive course with limb amputation as the final end-point of the disease. Pathologically the disorder is characterised by progressive degeneration as well as impaired regenerative ability of peripheral nerve fibers, resulting in a progressive @entity2537 innervating the distal limbs. These changes are associated with progressive @entity73 leading to impaired sensitivity in the limbs, which sometimes is associated with @entity158 . Qualitatively similar but much milder functional and structural changes occur during normal aging processes, which potentially could make elderly @entity6 @entity1 more susceptible to an additional hyperglycaemic insult. The mechanisms underlying the development of @entity3949 involve hyperglycaemia-induced @entity1897 and the supporting nutritive vascular supply. One of the major abnormalities involves activation of the @entity8371 pathway with subsequent impairments in nerve function and vascular supply. Since hyperglycaemia appears to be the major culprit in the development of @entity3949 , good glycaemic control is paramount in the long term treatment of @entity6 @entity1 to attenuate the development and/or progression of the disorder. Furthermore, elimination of risk factors such as @entity28 , smoking and excessive @entity167 ( @entity1068 ) consumption, as well as @entity1 education, are all important factors in the care of @entity6 @entity1 . In symptomatic @entity1109 @entity1 , including those with painful @entity16 , symptomatic and palliative measures are often effective. Stepwise addition of antidepressants to simple analgesics has proven to be effective in @entity1 with @entity158 . During recent years a class of drugs have been developed that inhibits the activation of the polyol pathway in @entity6 . These so-called @entity3650 reductase inhibitors hold promise for a targeted treatment regimen in the near future. The @entity3650 reductase inhibitors are already available in several European countries and in Japan.

title: XXXX in the elderly.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetic nerves']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['impairment of nerve function']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['Neuropathy', 'neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathic']

entities_list: @entity3949 :: ('MESH:D003929', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity2537 :: ('MESH:D020966', 'Disease') :: ['loss and dying-back of the longest nerve fibres']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic abnormalities of peripheral nerve fibres']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['troublesome pain']

answer: @entity3949 :: (MESH:D003929,Disease) :: ['Diabetic neuropathy']


abstract: The expression of @entity3558 @entity5091 was investigated in normal colonic tissue, in @entity1586 and in @entity189 of the mucinous and non-mucinous type. The latter were subdivided into @entity189 originating from the @entity2513 sequence (ACS) and de novo (DN) @entity189 . The expression was assayed by immunohistochemistry with the monoclonal anti- @entity5091 antibody CCP58 and by mRNA semiquantitation. @entity5091 protein epitope CCP58 was strongly expressed in 21% of normal colonic tissues, in 40% of villous and in 48% of tubular @entity652 . @entity189 exhibited strong expression in 72%, @entity189 in 21% and @entity420 in none of the @entity5 investigated. Compared with the adjacent non-malignant tissue (transitional mucosa), CCP58 epitope expression in the @entity5 was higher in 74% of @entity189 , but equal or lower in 69% of @entity189 and in 100% of de novo @entity189 . The alterations of @entity5091 expression detected by immunohistochemistry in @entity420 were confirmed on mRNA level. These data indicate that the @entity5091 expression pattern is different in the 3 @entity189 types investigated. @entity5091 over-expression occurs in the adenomatous tissue. It is always maintained in @entity189 , but frequently decreased in non-mucinous @entity189 . @entity189 are most frequently associated with decreased expression of @entity5091 .

title: Expression of @entity5091 - XXXX in @entity2513 of different histological types.

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['adenomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['ACS carcinomas', 'DN carcinomas', 'carcinomas', 'mucinous carcinomas', 'Mucinous carcinomas', 'carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity2513 :: ('MESH:C563365', 'Disease') :: ['adenoma-carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinomas', 'DN adenocarcinomas']

entities_list: @entity1586 :: ('MESH:D003111', 'Disease') :: ['colonic adenomas']

answer: @entity3558 :: (100508689,Gene) :: ['mucin']


abstract: @entity5715 has toxic effects on many organ systems of the @entity1 body. @entity5715 @entity137 also is a factor in many @entity179 . We investigated changes in numbers of hippocampal neurons in @entity35 exposed to @entity5715 using an optical fractionator and we investigated @entity5715 -induced apoptosis using the transferase mediated @entity1977 nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay. Twenty-four female @entity35 were divided equally into control, sham and @entity5715 -exposed groups. The control group received no treatment. The two treatment groups were injected intraperitoneally with 1 ml 0.9% saline without (sham) and with 3 mg/ml @entity15128 every day for two weeks. Following the treatments, the brains were removed, the left hemisphere was used for hippocampal neuron counting using an optical fractionator and the right hemisphere was investigated using hippocampal TUNEL assay to determine the apoptotic index. The number of neurons in the stratum pyramidale of the hippocampus was significantly less in the @entity5715 group than in the control and sham groups; there was no significant difference between the control and sham groups. The apoptotic index also was significantly higher in the @entity5715 group than in the other two groups. We quantified the toxic effects of @entity5715 on the @entity35 hippocampus and determined that apoptosis was the mechanism of @entity5715 -induced @entity528 in the hippocampus.

title: A histological study of toxic effects of XXXX on @entity35 hippocampus.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['neurodegenerative diseases']

entities_list: @entity15128 :: ('CHEBI:74772', 'Chemical') :: ['aluminium sulfate']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['neuron death']

entities_list: @entity5715 :: ('CHEBI:28984', 'Chemical') :: ['aluminium', 'Aluminium']

answer: @entity15128 :: (CHEBI:74772,Chemical) :: ['aluminium sulfate']


abstract: The electrocardiogram as a diagnostic aid in acute @entity583 of the right ventricle (AMI-RV) was studied prospectively in a group of 66 @entity1 in our coronary unit. Diagnosis was AMI in all cases, divided into 29 (44%) with posterior-descending and 35 (53%) with anterior location. Electrocardiography was practiced with standard and special modes: CRnR, CR and VR. Thirty-nine @entity1 were hemodynamically monitored. In 13 @entity1 with posterior-descending location (19.6%) the hemodynamic pattern disclosed AMI. Right @entity67 was found in 17%, @entity1002 in 9% and @entity409 in 20%. In 30 @entity1 (45.5%) ST increased to greater than 1 mm CR3R-CR6R of which 77% were false positive and 46% false negative. No improvement in these proportions was observed with the use of special mode, special in @entity1188 with anterior location. The correlation between hemodynamics-site of @entity39 was better than that between hemodynamics-increase in ST in CRnR. The authors draw the conclusion that special modes as an aid to diagnosis are of limited value, sensitivity is 54% and specificity @entity4318 %, which rises to 50% in posterior-descending @entity1188 . At present hemodynamics are the choice diagnostic procedure for AMI-RV which must be suspected if serial studies disclose PVC of more than 9 mm Hg.

title: [Acute XXXX of the right ventricle: hemodynamic and electrocardiographic correlation (author's transl)].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['biventricular dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarctions']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular dysfunction']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarction']


abstract: The treatment of @entity397 remained controversial and was particularly so when the @entity1 arrived for definitive care greater than 24 hours postrupture. We treated @entity1 with continued extravasation of contrast from the esophagus by early operation regardless of the timing of their presentation. All primary repairs received a reinforced closure and many delayed repairs had an onlay flap for closure of the leak. We treated 31 @entity1 with @entity397 ; 24 of 25 @entity1 with extravasation had operative repair, whereas six with small, contained @entity397 were treated medically. Twelve were operated on within 24 hours, whereas 24 presented from 36 to 796 hours postrupture. We were able to achieve closure of the defect by primary suture repair or with a tissue flap in all @entity1 . There were no postoperative leaks. One @entity1 each died in the operated group and observed group. There were minimal complications and a relatively short hospital stay. Our results support the use of aggressive operative treatment for @entity397 regardless of the timing of @entity1 presentation. Such treatment preserved esophageal function and was accomplished with relatively low morbidity and mortality.

title: Aggressive operative treatment for XXXX yields superior results.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity397 :: ('MESH:D012421', 'Disease') :: ['emetogenic rupture', 'ruptures']

answer: @entity397 :: (MESH:D012421,Disease) :: ['emetogenic rupture']