abstract: OBJECTIVE: Embedded in attachment theory is its association with affect regulation, which provides a framework for affective dysregulation in the emerging @entity716 . METHOD: Fifty-one @entity1 meeting criteria for ultra-high risk (UHR) of developing @entity716 were recruited from a youth mental health service within the United Kingdom. At intake baseline, prior to starting therapeutic intervention, all clients were assessed on measures of affective dysregulation and attachment. RESULTS: A large proportion of our sample (N = 51) reported clinically significant levels of @entity308 (78%), state @entity148 (59%), and social @entity148 (65%). Eighty per cent of the UHR sample was insecurely attached. Insecure attachment was significantly associated with elevated @entity308 and social @entity148 . Attachment styles were associated with @entity148 , @entity308 , and social @entity148 . There was no support for a mediating role of social @entity148 between attachment styles and @entity308 . CONCLUSION: Clinically significant levels of distress and @entity148 experienced by the young @entity1 at high risk of @entity716 . Clinical implications for the treatment of affective dysregulation in young @entity1 at UHR in relation to their attachment styles have been discussed.

title: Attachment: developmental pathways to affective dysregulation in young @entity1 at ultra-high risk of developing XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'people']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychosis']

answer: @entity716 :: (MESH:D011605,Disease) :: ['psychosis']


abstract: The purpose of this study was to report a single hospital's experience of endovascular treatment of @entity1 with @entity548 ( @entity548 ) secondary to anticoagulant treatment. Ten consecutive @entity1 treated in an intensive care unit and needing blood transfusions due to @entity548 secondary to anticoagulation were referred for digital subtraction angiography (DSA) to detect the @entity548 site(s) and to evaluate the possibilities of treating them by transcatheter embolization. DSA revealed @entity548 site(s) in all 10 @entity1 : 1 lumbar artery in 4 @entity1 , 1 branch of internal iliac artery in 3 @entity1 and multiple @entity548 sites in 3 @entity1 . Embolization could be performed in 9 of them. Coils, gelatin and/or @entity4832 were used as embolic agents. Bleeding stopped or markedly decreased after embolization in 8 of the 9 (89%) @entity1 . Four @entity1 were operated on prior to embolization, but surgery failed to control the @entity548 in any of these cases. @entity8479 requiring surgical or radiological intervention after embolization developed in 5 @entity1 . One @entity1 died, and 2 had sequelae due to @entity548 . All 7 @entity1 whose @entity548 stopped after embolization had a good clinical outcome. Embolization seems to be an effective and safe method to control the @entity548 in @entity1 with @entity548 secondary to anticoagulant treatment when conservative treatment is insufficient.

title: Endovascular embolization of spontaneous XXXX secondary to anticoagulant treatment.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity8479 :: ('MESH:D059325', 'Disease') :: ['Abdominal compartment syndrome']

entities_list: @entity4832 :: ('MESH:D011142', 'Chemical') :: ['polyvinyl alcohol']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['retroperitoneal hemorrhage', 'RPH', 'bleeding']

answer: @entity548 :: (MESH:D006470,Disease) :: ['retroperitoneal hemorrhage']


abstract: @entity73 is the most frequent cause of disability in @entity1 following @entity75 , yet the behavioral tasks used to assess cognition in rodent models of @entity1545 is lacking. Borrowing from the operant literature our laboratory utilized a basic scent discrimination paradigm in order to assess deficits in frontally-injured @entity35 . Previously we have briefly described the Dig task and demonstrated that @entity35 with frontal @entity75 show severe deficits across multiple tests within the task. Here we present a more detailed protocol for this task. @entity35 are placed into a chamber and allowed to discriminate between two scented sands, one of which contains a reinforcer. The trial ends after the @entity35 either correctly discriminates (defined as digging in the correct scented sand), incorrectly discriminates, or 30 sec elapses. @entity35 that correctly discriminate are allowed to recover and consume the reinforcer. @entity35 that discriminate incorrectly are immediately removed from the chamber. This can continue through a variety of reversals and novel scents. The primary analysis is the accuracy for each scent pairing (cumulative proportion correct for each scent). The general findings from the Dig task suggest that it is a simple experimental preparation that can assess deficits in @entity35 with bilateral frontal cortical damage compared to @entity35 with unilateral parietal damage. The Dig task can also be easily incorporated into an existing cognitive test battery. The use of more tasks such as this one can lead to more accurate testing of frontal function following injury, which may lead to therapeutic options for treatment. All animal use was conducted in accordance with protocols approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee.

title: The dig task: a simple scent discrimination reveals XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1545 :: ('MESH:D020214', 'Disease') :: ['brain injury']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain damage']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['Cognitive impairment']

answer: @entity75 :: (MESH:D001927,Disease) :: ['deficits following frontal brain damage']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the epidemiology and prognostic factors associated with @entity131 by a firearm projectile (FAP). METHODS: We reviewed the medical records of 181 @entity1 in the Department of Neurosurgery of Santa @entity13389 de S  o Paulo (S  o Paulo Holy House) diagnosed with @entity131 ( @entity131 ) resulting from FAP from January 1991 to December 2005. Were evaluated: age, sex, Glasgow @entity772 Scale (GCS) on admission, brain region affected by the FAP, @entity130 (penetrating or tangential), type of treatment and outcome, based on GCS. The relationship between therapeutic strategy and outcome was analyzed using the Chi-square test with Yates correction. The Fisher test was used to verify the same correlation individually for each group stratified by GCS on admission. RESULTS: Of the 181 @entity1 , 85% were male (n = 154) and 15% female (n = 27). Mean age was 31.04 years (   10.98). The mostly affected brain region was the frontal lobe (27.6%), followed by temporal (24.86%) and occipital (16.57%) ones. Of the TBIs evaluated, 16% were tangential and 84%, penetrating. CONCLUSION: @entity1 undergoing surgical treatment had better outcome than those submitted to conservative treatment, and @entity1 who were more severe at admission (GCS 3-8) have better results with the neurosurgical procedure.

title: XXXX by a firearm projectile: a 16 years experience of the neurosurgery service of Santa @entity13389 de S  o Paulo.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['TBI', 'traumatic brain injury']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['type of injury']

answer: @entity131 :: (MESH:D001930,Disease) :: ['Traumatic brain injury']


abstract: KEY POINTS: MicroRNA (miRNA)-based therapies are in development for @entity66 , including @entity299 . Currently, very limited basic information is available on the regulation of specific miRNAs in male and female hearts in settings of disease. The identification of sex-specific miRNA signatures has implications for translation into the clinic and suggests the need for customised therapy. In the present study, we found that a miRNA-based treatment inhibiting miRNA-34a ( @entity8204 ) was more effective in females in a setting of moderate @entity384 than in males. Furthermore, the treatment showed little benefit for either sex in a setting of more severe @entity384 associated with @entity955 . The results highlight the importance of understanding the effect of miRNA-based therapies in @entity299 settings in males and females. ABSTRACT: MicroRNA (miRNA)-34a ( @entity8204 ) is elevated in the diseased heart in mice and humans. Previous studies have shown that inhibiting @entity8204 in male mice in settings of pathological @entity1283 or ischaemia protects the heart against progression to @entity712 . Whether inhibition of @entity8204 protects the female heart is unknown. Furthermore, the therapeutic potential of silencing @entity8204 in settings of @entity384 ( @entity384 ) and @entity955 ( @entity955 ) has not been assessed previously. In the present study, we examined the effect of silencing @entity8204 in males and females in (1) a model of moderate @entity384 and (2) a model of severe @entity384 with @entity955 . The @entity299 models were administered with a locked nucleic acid-modified oligonucleotide (LNA-antimiR-34a) at 6-7 weeks of age when the models display @entity299 and conduction abnormalities. Cardiac function and morphology were measured 6  weeks after treatment. In the present study, we show that inhibition of @entity8204 provides more protection in the @entity384 model in females than males. Disease prevention in LNA-antimiR-34a treated @entity384 female mice was characterized by attenuated @entity1283 and @entity358 , lower expression of cardiac stress genes (B-type natriuretic peptide, collagen gene expression), @entity299 and better cardiac function. There was no evidence of significant protection in the severe @entity384 and @entity955 model in either sex. Sex- and treatment-dependent regulation of miRNAs was also identified in the diseased heart, and may explain the differential response of males and females. These studies highlight the importance of examining the impact of miRNA-based drugs in both sexes and under different disease conditions.

title: Sex differences in response to miRNA-34a therapy in mouse models of XXXX : identification of sex-, disease- and treatment-regulated miRNAs.

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['numerous diseases']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['DCM', 'dilated cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity1283 :: ('MESH:D006332', 'Disease') :: ['heart enlargement', 'cardiac hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['lung congestion']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation', 'AF']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac disease', 'less cardiac fibrosis', 'cardiac dysfunction', 'heart disease']

answer: @entity299 :: (MESH:D006331,Disease) :: ['cardiac disease']


abstract: We investigated suprathreshold binocular combination in @entity1 with abnormal binocular visual experience early in life. In the first experiment we presented the two eyes with equal but opposite phase shifted sine waves and measured the perceived phase of the cyclopean sine wave. Normal observers have balanced vision between the two eyes when the two eyes' images have equal contrast (i.e., both eyes contribute equally to the perceived image and perceived phase = 0  ). However, in observers with strabismus and/or @entity4457 , balanced vision requires a higher contrast image in the nondominant eye (NDE) than the dominant eye (DE). This asymmetry between the two eyes is larger than predicted from the contrast sensitivities or monocular perceived contrast of the two eyes and is dependent on contrast and spatial frequency: more asymmetric with higher contrast and/or spatial frequency. Our results also revealed a surprising NDE-to-DE enhancement in some of our abnormal observers. This enhancement is not evident in normal vision because it is normally masked by interocular suppression. However, in these abnormal observers the NDE-to-DE suppression was weak or absent. In the second experiment, we used the identical stimuli to measure the perceived contrast of a cyclopean grating by matching the binocular combined contrast to a standard contrast presented to the DE. These measures provide strong constraints for model fitting. We found asymmetric interocular interactions in binocular contrast perception, which was dependent on both contrast and spatial frequency in the same way as in phase perception. By introducing asymmetric parameters to the modified @entity21415 -Sperling model including interocular contrast gain enhancement, we succeeded in accounting for both binocular combined phase and contrast simultaneously. Adding binocular contrast gain control to the modified @entity21415 -Sperling model enabled us to predict the results of dichoptic and binocular contrast discrimination experiments and provides new insights into the mechanisms of @entity227 .

title: Binocular combination in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['abnormal binocular vision']

entities_list: @entity4457 :: ('MESH:D000550', 'Disease') :: ['amblyopia']

answer: @entity227 :: (MESH:D014786,Disease) :: ['abnormal binocular vision']


abstract: @entity2783 is a disorder characterized by extracellular deposition of proteins in an @entity854 . @entity2783 can be localized or systemic and may affect any organ. Breast involvement by @entity2783 has rarely been reported. In this study, we described the characteristics of 40 cases of @entity0 that were reviewed at the Division of Anatomic Pathology at Mayo Clinic from 1995 to 2011. The cohort included 39 @entity1 and 1 @entity1 with a mean age of 60 years. The type of @entity2783 , determined by immunohistochemistry or mass spectrometry-based proteomics in 26 @entity1 , was immunoglobulin-associated in all cases ( @entity1582 -kappa type in 15 (58%) cases, @entity1582 in 10 (38%) and mixed heavy and light chains ( @entity3798 / @entity1582 ) in 1 (4%) case). Mass spectrometry-based proteomics was able to determine the type of @entity2783 in 95% of cases tested compared with 69% of cases by immunohistochemistry. In addition to @entity2783 , the breast biopsy showed a @entity1503 in 55% of cases, most commonly @entity1074 . One @entity1 had concurrent @entity3821 , but none had invasive @entity189 . Of the 15 @entity1 seen in our institution, 53% had @entity2783 and 47% had extramammary amyloid involvement, which was diagnosed before @entity0 in most @entity1 . M-spike was detected in the blood in 62%. After a median follow-up of 33.5 months in 12 @entity1 , 5 died, mostly of complications of @entity706 or @entity1778 . In conclusion, our findings indicate that @entity0 is of the @entity1582 type in the vast majority of @entity1 (usually kappa). It is associated with @entity1582 in close to half of @entity1 and with @entity1583 in the breast in over half of @entity1 . Therefore, further work up to rule out @entity1583 and/or @entity1582 is recommended. Mass spectrometry-based proteomics is superior to immunohistochemistry for typing of @entity0 .

title: @entity2783 of the breast: predominantly XXXX type and over half have concurrent @entity0 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity3821 :: ('MESH:D002285', 'Disease') :: ['intraductal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast amyloidosis']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity2783 :: ('MESH:D000686', 'Disease') :: ['Amyloidosis', 'localized amyloidosis', 'amyloidosis']

entities_list: @entity1074 :: ('MESH:D018442', 'Disease') :: ['MALT lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1582 :: ('MESH:D009101', 'Disease') :: ['systemic amyloidosis', 'AL-lambda', 'AL']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['hematologic disorder']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['abnormal fibrillar configuration']

entities_list: @entity1583 :: ('MESH:D019337', 'Disease') :: ['hematologic malignancy']

answer: @entity1582 :: (MESH:D009101,Disease) :: ['AL']


abstract: Primary central nervous system (CNS) @entity706 occurs frequently in @entity1 with the @entity791 ( @entity791 ). Seventeen @entity1 with @entity791 and biopsy-proven @entity149 were treated with whole-brain radiation. At presentation, most @entity1 were severely debilitated from previous @entity791 -related illnesses. @entity1 generally had focal neurologic symptoms such as @entity410 and @entity912 . Headaches and mental status changes, often noticed after hospital admission, seldom brought our @entity1 to seek medical attention. Computed tomography (CT) scan showed low-density, contrast-enhancing, mass lesions with variable amounts of peritumor @entity4 . Size, location, and pattern of contrast enhancement of the lesions varied. No specific pattern was seen that could be used to distinguish between @entity149 , @entity3252 , or other @entity6220 that occur in @entity1 with @entity791 . Biopsy results showed angiocentric, high-grade, large cell @entity5 with frequent @entity39 . Immunohistochemical analysis showed B-cell phenotype with small amounts of T-cells, presumably reactive. All @entity1 received irradiation to the whole brain with parallel opposed fields. A variety of doses and treatment regimens were used. Mean survival was only 72 days. Survival was longer in @entity1 with higher pretreatment Karnofsky scores. The correlation between dose and survival was not significant. At completion of therapy, most @entity1 showed improvement in Karnofsky score and had partial improvement in neurologic symptoms. @entity149 in @entity1 with @entity791 are responsive to radiation. Posttreatment CT scans showed regression of @entity5 . Autopsy examinations showed regression of @entity5 , but also showed concurrent @entity4767 , @entity1200 , and radiation-induced changes within the normal CNS tissue. @entity1292 rather than cerebral herniation or @entity706 was the most common cause of @entity204 .

title: @entity149 in XXXX . A clinical and pathologic study with results of treatment with radiation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures']

entities_list: @entity6220 :: ('MESH:D020279', 'Disease') :: ['CNS diseases']

entities_list: @entity4767 :: ('MESH:D002494', 'Disease') :: ['CNS infections']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma', 'uncontrolled lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity149 :: ('MESH:D002493', 'Disease') :: ['CNS lymphomas', 'CNS lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity1200 :: ('MESH:D007154', 'Disease') :: ['AIDS encephalopathy']

entities_list: @entity3252 :: ('MESH:D014123', 'Disease') :: ['toxoplasmosis']

entities_list: @entity1292 :: ('MESH:D009894', 'Disease') :: ['Opportunistic infections']

entities_list: @entity791 :: ('MESH:D000163', 'Disease') :: ['AIDS', 'acquired immune deficiency syndrome']

entities_list: @entity912 :: ('MESH:D010243', 'Disease') :: ['paralysis']

answer: @entity791 :: (MESH:D000163,Disease) :: ['acquired immune deficiency syndrome']


abstract: Age-associated decline in the @entity141 pump function of cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), and increase in the @entity141 pump activity of sarcolemma (SL) were suggested by my previous study which compared the @entity855 -energized in vitro @entity141 transport activities of these membranes from young (3-4-month-old) and aged (24-25-month-old) @entity35 myocardium (Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 678 (1981) 442-459). In the present study, @entity855 -dependent @entity141 transport and @entity141 sensitive ATPase activities of SR and SL derived from the myocardium of @entity35 aged 3 (young), 6 (young adult), 12 (adult), 18 (aging) and 24 (aged) months were determined so as to further characterize age-related changes in the @entity141 transport function of these membranes. The rates of @entity855 -dependent @entity141 accumulation by SR from 3- and 6-month-old @entity35 were virtually similar whereas the rates of @entity141 accumulation by this membrane from 12-, 18- and 24-month-old @entity35 were significantly lower when compared to 3- or 6-month-old @entity35 ; the magnitude of this age-related decline amounted to approx. 18, 45 and 50%, respectively, for SR from 12-, 18- and 24-month-old animals. In contrast to the above findings with SR, SL from 18- and 24-month-old @entity35 displayed substantially higher rates (approx. 45 and 80% increase, respectively, at 18 and 24 months of age) of @entity855 -dependent @entity141 accumulation than SL preparations from 3-, 6- and 12-month-old @entity35 ; no significant age-related difference was evident between the latter three age groups. The divergent age-related changes in the @entity141 accumulating activities of SR and SL were seen at varying @entity141 concentrations (0.54-25.2 microM). With either membrane, kinetic analysis showed that the velocity of @entity141 transport, but not the apparent affinity of the transport system for @entity141 underwent age-related changes. The @entity141 -stimulated ATPase activities of SR and SL were not altered significantly with increasing age from 3 to 24 months. Comparison of the 'combined @entity141 transport activity' of SR and SL from @entity35 of various ages showed a significant overall age-related decline in the rates of @entity141 transport via the @entity855 -driven membrane @entity141 pumps; this decrement in membrane function was moderate at 12 months of age (approx. 16%) and became pronounced with advancing age thereafter (approx. 35 and 38%, respectively, at 18 and 24 months of age). Similar progressive age-related decline was observed in the @entity855 -dependent @entity141 sequestering activity of cardiac homogenates.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: Comparison of XXXX -dependent calcium transport and calcium-activated ATPase activities of cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum and sarcolemma from @entity35 of various ages.

answer: @entity855 :: (MESH:D000255,Chemical) :: ['ATP']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The medicinal plants Vincetoxicum arnottianum (VSM), Berberis orthobotrys (BORM), Onosma hispida (OHRM and OHAM) and Caccinia macranthera (CMM) are used traditionally in Pakistan and around the world for the treatment of various diseases including @entity5 , @entity281 , uterine @entity5 , wounds etc. The present study focuses on the investigation of the selected Pakistani plants for their potential as anticancer agents on @entity1 bone and @entity0 cell lines in comparison with non-tumorigenic control cells. METHODS: The antitumor evaluation was carried out on @entity1 bone (MG-63, Saos-2) and @entity0 cell lines (MCF-7, BT-20) in contrast to non-tumorigenic control cells (POB, @entity1 ) via cell viability measurements, cell cycle analysis, @entity4404 /PI staining, microscopy based methods as well as @entity3 , metabolic live cell monitoring and western blotting. RESULTS: After the first initial screening of the plant extracts, two extracts (BORM, VSM) revealed the highest potential with regard to its antitumor activity. Both extracts caused a significant reduction of cell viability in the breast and bone @entity5 cells in a concentration dependent manner. The effect of VSM is achieved primarily by inducing a G2/M arrest in the cell cycle and the stabilization of the actin stress fibers leading to reduced cell motility. By contrast BORM's cytotoxic properties were caused through the lysosomal-mediated cell death pathway indicated by an upregulation of @entity588 expression. CONCLUSIONS: The antitumor evaluation of certain medicinal plants presented in this study identified the methanolic root extract of Berberis orthobotrys and the methanolic extract of Vincetoxicum arnottianum as promising sources for exhibiting the antitumor activity. Therefore, the indigenous use of the herbal remedies for the treatment of @entity5 and @entity5 has a scientific basis. Moreover, the present study provides a base for phytochemical investigation of the plant extracts.

title: Antitumor evaluation of two selected Pakistani plant extracts on XXXX bone and @entity0 cell lines.

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer-related diseases', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['dermal infections']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['migration/invasion determination']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: Body condition indices have been useful in assessing the health of domestic and free ranging populations of terrestrial mammals. Given the high energy demand and rapid growth during the postnatal period of @entity27672 ( @entity27672 ) (SSL) pups, body condition was expected to be related to concentrations of a suite of hormones ( @entity701 , @entity1369 , @entity1955 , @entity1954 , leptin) previously associated with changes in body mass and composition in developing pinnipeds. Blood samples were collected from free ranging SSL pups of known ages and sex. A body condition index (BCI) previously developed for SSL pups based on a mass and length relationship was applied to 61 SSL pups ranging in age from 5 to 38days old. BCI was not related to pup age. Overall, male pups were larger than females and older pups were larger than younger pups. @entity1369 was negatively correlated with BCI only in female pups, whereas no relationship was observed between @entity1369 and BCI in males. Further, male pups had higher @entity1369 concentrations than females. Concentrations of @entity701 , total and free @entity1955 (T4), and total @entity1954 (T3) decreased when regressed against the elapsed time between researchers' arrival on the rookery and removal of pup from the holding corral for blood collection. While the overall variation attributed to the rookery disturbance was low (r(2)<0.293), it may be of significance for future studies on free ranging pinnipeds. This study adds to the current knowledge of the postnatal changes in free ranging SSL pups by providing ranges of the BCI and several hormone concentrations from an apparently stable population.

title: Body condition and endocrine profiles of @entity27672 ( XXXX ) pups during the early postnatal period.

entities_list: @entity27672 :: ('34886', 'Species') :: ['Steller sea lion', 'Eumetopias jubatus']

entities_list: @entity1369 :: ('MESH:D000450', 'Chemical') :: ['Aldosterone', 'aldosterone']

entities_list: @entity1955 :: ('MESH:D013974', 'Chemical') :: ['thyroxine']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity1954 :: ('MESH:D014284', 'Chemical') :: ['triiodothyronine']

answer: @entity27672 :: (34886,Species) :: ['Eumetopias jubatus']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity34855 is highly expressed in the kidney, is present in the circulation and urine, and has protective effects against various @entity8 . We examined whether reduced @entity34855 expression affects @entity1140 ( @entity5467 )-induced @entity8 in an experimental model of chronic @entity5467 @entity8 . METHODS: First, we evaluated the association between the @entity5467 dose and @entity34855 expression by giving different doses of @entity5467 (0.25, 0.5, and 1 mg/kg) to @entity164 ( @entity164 ) @entity19 for 4 weeks. Second, we compared @entity34855 levels, @entity177 , @entity82 , and apoptosis between @entity164 @entity19 and @entity34855 @entity24180 ( @entity24180 ) @entity19 in an experimental model of chronic @entity5467 @entity8 . Third, we examined whether the oxidative stress and signaling pathway are involved in the protection by @entity34855 against @entity5467 -induced @entity8 . RESULTS: @entity34855 levels in renal tissue and urine were reduced in a dose-dependent manner in @entity5467 -treated @entity164 @entity19 . @entity5467 -treated @entity24180 @entity19 showed lower levels of @entity34855 in the renal cortex and urine, and higher serum @entity1011 level, @entity82 , and apoptosis compared with @entity164 @entity19 . Treatment of @entity5467 to @entity164 @entity19 increased markers of oxidative stress such as @entity4357 3-kinase (PI3K)-Akt and Forkhead box protein O (FoxO) 3a phosphorylation but decreased @entity34472 dephosphorylation. These effects were greater in @entity24180 @entity19 . @entity24180 @entity19 exhibited a much lower level of manganese @entity224 dismutase level and higher level of Bim, target genes of FoxOs, compared with the levels in @entity164 @entity19 . CONCLUSION: Reduced @entity34855 expression aggravates @entity5467 -induced @entity8 via the PI3K-Akt-FoxO pathway.

title: XXXX Deficiency Aggravates @entity1140 -Induced @entity8 via the @entity4357 3-Kinase-Akt-Forkhead Box Protein O Pathway.

entities_list: @entity24180 :: ('MESH:C535776', 'Disease') :: ['heterozygous', 'HT']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['nephropathy', 'renal injuries', 'renal injury']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal function']

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity1140 :: ('MESH:D016559', 'Chemical') :: ['tacrolimus']

entities_list: @entity4357 :: ('MESH:D010716', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphatidylinositol']

answer: @entity34855 :: (16591(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['Klotho']


abstract: In vitro repeated dose testing for the assessment of chronic drug-induced effects is a huge challenge in preclinical pharmaceutical drug development. @entity137 results in discontinuation of therapy or post-marketing withdrawal of drugs despite in vivo preclinical screening. In case of hepatotoxicity, due to limited long term viability and functionality of primary hepatocytes, chronic hepatic effects are difficult to detect. In this study, we maintained primary @entity1 hepatocytes in a serum-free cultivation medium for more than 3 weeks and analyzed physiology, viability and drug metabolizing capacities of the hepatocytes. Moreover, we assessed acute (24 h) @entity3522 @entity137 in a range of (10-1000  M) concentrations. The chronic (9 repeated doses) @entity137 at one clinically relevant and another higher concentration (6.4 and 100  M) was also tested. We investigated phase I and II metabolism of @entity3522 upon repeated dose exposure and analyzed effects on the cellular exometabolome. Acute 24 h assessment revealed @entity137 only for the highest tested concentration (1 mM). Upon repeated dose exposure, toxic effects were observed even at a low, clinically relevant concentration (6.4  M). Biotransformation pathways were active for 3 weeks and @entity31675 was detected as the predominant metabolite. Dose dependent @entity3522 -induced effects on exometabolome, such as on the production of @entity880 and @entity4322 as well as @entity413 and @entity3649 metabolism, were observed upon nine repeated doses. Summarizing, we show that repeated dose testing on long-term functional cultures of primary @entity1 hepatocytes may be included for the assessment of long term toxic effects in preclinical screening and can potentially help replace/reduce in vivo animal testing.

title: Biotransformation of @entity3522 and effects on the metabolome of primary XXXX hepatocytes upon repeated dose exposure.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'Chronic toxicity']

entities_list: @entity3522 :: ('MESH:D004008', 'Chemical') :: ['diclofenac']

entities_list: @entity4322 :: ('MESH:D020155', 'Chemical') :: ['3-hydroxybutyric acid']

entities_list: @entity31675 :: ('MESH:C487366', 'Chemical') :: ['diclofenac-acylglucuronide']

entities_list: @entity3649 :: ('MESH:D005690', 'Chemical') :: ['galactose']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity84 is a rare @entity79 that occurs in young @entity1 and has a high rate of recurrence. The purpose of the present study was to report on eighty-seven cases of @entity84 in @entity1 and to identify the possible factors that increase the risk of recurrence. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed eighty-seven cases of @entity84 in @entity1 with open physes at the time of diagnosis and treatment. Historical data, complete imaging data, histological findings, and surgical charts were analyzed. Multiple logistic regression was used to identify predictors of recurrence. RESULTS: The series included fifty-three @entity1 and thirty-four @entity1 with a mean age of 12.5 years. Lesions were located in the epiphysis in 68% of the @entity1 , especially in the proximal part of the tibia (twenty-four @entity1 ) and the proximal part of the femur (twenty-three @entity1 ). @entity158 was the presenting symptom in 84% of the @entity1 . The treatment consisted of intralesional curettage with autogenous bone-grafting in 63% of the @entity1 . The functional outcome at an average of 62.5 months of follow-up was good for 68.5% of the @entity1 . At a minimum of twenty-four months of follow-up, 32% of the lesions had recurred. Sex, radiographic @entity146 , an @entity80 on histological analysis, and the method of surgical treatment had no significant influence on recurrence. @entity84 were associated with a higher risk of recurrence when compared with metaphyseal, apophyseal, and epiphyseal-metaphyseal lesions (p = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS: @entity84 in growing @entity1 is most frequently located in the proximal part of the tibia and the proximal femoral epiphysis. The recurrence rate is high, particularly for @entity75 . @entity66 and @entity75 are associated with a poorer outcome.

title: XXXX of bone in a pediatric population.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'girls', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['Proximal femoral lesions']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressiveness']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['strictly epiphyseal lesions', 'tarsal lesions']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['benign bone lesion']

entities_list: @entity80 :: ('MESH:D017824', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysmal bone-cyst component']

entities_list: @entity84 :: ('MESH:D002804', 'Disease') :: ['Epiphyseal chondroblastomas', 'Chondroblastoma', 'chondroblastoma']

answer: @entity84 :: (MESH:D002804,Disease) :: ['Chondroblastoma']


abstract: @entity15719 was administered to 79 @entity1 with solid @entity5 on an intermittent schedule with single doses of 1.5-36 mg/m2. Courses were usually repeated at 4-week intervals. Twenty-five @entity1 with @entity1778 were treated at doses of 18-36 mg/m2 (occasionally for 2 successive days) every 1-4 weeks. Of 48 evaluable @entity1 with @entity320 , three (6%) achieved partial remission and nine (20%) had stable disease. Eight of 17 (47%) @entity1 with @entity420 and one of two (50%) @entity1 with @entity706 also had stable disease. Six of 14 (43%) @entity1 with @entity3052 showed hematologic improvement, as did one of 11 (9%) @entity1 with @entity1860 . The principal toxic effect was myelosuppression, which occurred in 69% of the @entity1 with solid @entity5 . Profound @entity236 occurred in 19% of the @entity1 , resulting in six @entity204 (8%). Risk factors for @entity236 included extensive prior therapy, prior nitrosoureas, cumulative @entity137 from @entity15719 , and @entity409 tests. The recommended doses for further studies are 9 mg/m2 for @entity1 with risk factors for @entity236 , 12 mg/m2 for @entity1 with prior therapy, 15 mg/m2 for previously untreated @entity1 , and 24-36 mg/m2 for @entity1 with @entity3052 .

title: Phase I-II study of XXXX in adults with solid @entity5 and @entity3052 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity15719 :: ('MESH:C003905', 'Chemical') :: ['piperazinedione', 'Piperazinedione']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['abnormal liver function']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute myelogenous leukemia', 'acute leukemia']

entities_list: @entity236 :: ('MESH:D001855', 'Disease') :: ['marrow aplasia', 'bone marrow aplasia']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinomas']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['malignant melanoma']

entities_list: @entity1860 :: ('MESH:D015464', 'Disease') :: ['blast cell crisis of chronic myelogenous leukemia']

answer: @entity15719 :: (MESH:C003905,Chemical) :: ['piperazinedione']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Low maternal plasma protein Z (PZ) concentrations were reported in @entity1 with @entity1468 ( @entity1468 ), a small for gestational age (SGA) neonate, and a @entity5617 ( @entity5617 ). Anti-protein Z antibodies (APZ-AB) have been proposed as a possible underlying mechanism leading to low plasma PZ concentrations. The objective of this study was to determine the maternal plasma concentration of APZ-AB in @entity1 with a normal pregnancy, and @entity1 with @entity1468 , an SGA neonate or a @entity5617 . STUDY DESIGN: A cross-sectional study included @entity1 in the following groups: (1) non-pregnant @entity1 (n = 45); and pregnant @entity1 with: (2) normal pregnancies (n = 70); (3) @entity1468 (n = 123); (4) SGA neonates (n = 51); and (5) a @entity5617 (n = 51). Plasma concentrations of anti-protein Z IgM and IgG antibodies were measured by ELISA. Elevated APZ-AB was defined as >75th, 90th and 95th percentile of the normal pregnancy group. Non-parametric statistics were used for analyses. RESULTS: (1) @entity1 with an SGA neonate had a higher median maternal plasma IgG APZ-AB concentration than @entity1 with normal pregnancies (p < 0.001), and @entity1 with @entity1468 (p < 0.001) or with a @entity5617 (p = 0.001). (2) The proportion of @entity1 with a maternal plasma IgM APZ-AB concentration >90th percentile was higher in the SGA group than in the @entity1468 group (p = 0.01). (3) @entity1 with @entity1468 maternal plasma IgM APZ-AB concentration >90th percentile had a higher rate of villous @entity715 (p = 0.03) and persistent muscularization of basal plate arteries (p = 0.01) than those with IgM APZ-AB concentration <90th percentile; and (5) @entity1 with @entity5617 and maternal plasma IgM APZ-AB concentration >90th percentile had a higher rate of umbilical @entity3527 and @entity3468 than those with IgM APZ-AB concentration <90th percentile (p = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS: (1) @entity1 with SGA neonates have a higher median plasma concentration of IgG APZ-AB than normal pregnant @entity1 , or @entity1 with @entity1468 or @entity5617 ; and (2) maternal plasma IgM APZ-AB concentration >90th percentile was associated with @entity455 in @entity1 with @entity1468 , but not in those with an SGA neonate, suggesting that in a subset of patients, these antibodies can be associated with abnormal placentation and pregnancy complications.

title: Maternal anti-protein Z antibodies in pregnancies complicated by XXXX , SGA and @entity5617 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular placental lesions']

entities_list: @entity3468 :: ('MESH:D001167', 'Disease') :: ['arteritis']

entities_list: @entity1468 :: ('MESH:D011225', 'Disease') :: ['pre-eclampsia', 'PE']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity3527 :: ('MESH:D010689', 'Disease') :: ['phlebitis']

entities_list: @entity5617 :: ('MESH:D005313', 'Disease') :: ['FD', 'fetal demise']

answer: @entity1468 :: (MESH:D011225,Disease) :: ['pre-eclampsia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Oseltamivir resistant 2009 pandemic @entity683 viruses (pH1N1) are emerging and rapid molecular assays identifying these strains are needed for clinical management. OBJECTIVE: Development and evaluation of an allele-specific, real-time reverse transcriptase-PCR assay (ASPCR) targeting the @entity15998 oseltamivir resistant mutation in pH1N1 virus. STUDY DESIGN: ASPCR uses two allele-specific forward primers (wild-type and mutant) and a common reverse primer and probe. Wild-type and mutant genotypes were defined by the difference in PCR Ct values (DeltaCt(mut-wt)) between the mutant primer and wild-type primer amplification curves for the same sample. Mixtures of wild-type and mutant genotypes were analyzed to evaluate sensitivity and determine assay cut-off values. ASPCR results were confirmed using an @entity1650 ( @entity1650 ) and pyrosequencing. RESULTS: Mixtures containing 5-95% mutant genotype could be detected. A DeltaCt(mut-wt)>or=3.5 identified wild-type genotype (<10% mutant); between 3.5 and -3.5 identified mixed genotypes (10-90% mutant); and <or=-3.5 identified fully mutant genotype (>90% mutant). Among 264 clinical samples, 171 were wild-type, 10 were mixed, and 29 were fully mutant. The 39 samples with mixed or mutant results were from 11 @entity1 . Of 107 samples with sufficient volume tested by ASPCR and @entity1650 , 12 were indeterminate by @entity1650 due to low viral load, 86 were wild-type by both assays, and 9 were mutant by both assays. Thirteen samples were confirmed by pyrosequencing and one discrepant sample was mixed by ASPCR and fully mutant by pyrosequencing. CONCLUSIONS: ASPCR is sensitive, quantitative and specific for @entity15998 mutation analysis and provides an accurate approach for detecting pH1N1 @entity684 resistance in clinical samples.

title: Diagnostic accuracy of an allele-specific reverse transcriptase-PCR assay targeting the XXXX oseltamivir resistant mutation in 2009 pandemic influenza A/H1N1 virus.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity684 :: ('MESH:D053139', 'Chemical') :: ['oseltamivir']

entities_list: @entity1650 :: ('MESH:D001308', 'Disease') :: ['AD', 'allelic discrimination assay']

entities_list: @entity683 :: ('MESH:D007251', 'Disease') :: ['influenza A/H1N1']

answer: @entity15998 :: (p|SUB|H|275|Y,ProteinMutation) :: ['H275Y']


abstract: Insulin increases ( @entity141 + @entity1025 )-ATPase activity in cell membranes of normal @entity35 but fails to do so in membranes of @entity2175 ( @entity2175 ) @entity35 . The loss of regulatory effect of the hormone on the enzyme might contribute to the insulin resistance observed in the @entity2175 animals. To further test this hypothesis, the effects of insulin treatment and acute food restriction on the ability of insulin to regulate the ATPase activity in kidney basolateral membranes (BLM) of @entity2175 @entity35 were studied. Although insulin levels in @entity2175 and control @entity35 were similar, plasma @entity413 was higher in the @entity2175 @entity35 (18.3 +/- 1.5 v 19.3 +/- 1.7 microU/mL and 236 +/- 32 v 145 +/- 3 mg/dL, respectively). Insulin treatment (2 U/100 g), which increased plasma insulin in the @entity2175 @entity35 (47.8 +/- 11.5 microU/mL; P less than .05), did not decrease their @entity413 (221 +/- 25 mg/dL). Higher insulin dose (4 U/100 g) decreased @entity413 level in the @entity2175 @entity35 (73 +/- 3 mg/dL; P less than .001) but increased their plasma insulin 10-fold (202.5 +/- 52.5 microU/mL). Acute food restriction decreased @entity413 levels in the @entity2175 @entity35 to levels seen in controls (135 +/- 3 mg/dL), while their insulin decreased by half (8.5 +/- 1.0 microU/mL; P less than .05). Basal ( @entity141 + @entity1025 )-ATPase activity in BLM of all @entity6 @entity35 was higher than in controls (P less than .05). None of the treatments reversed this defect.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Effects of food restriction and insulin treatment on ( XXXX + @entity1025 )-ATPase response to insulin in kidney basolateral membranes of noninsulin-dependent @entity6 @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity2175 :: ('MESH:D003924', 'Disease') :: ['NIDD', 'non-insulin-dependent diabetic']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity141 :: (CHEBI:29108,Chemical) :: ['Ca2+']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Doppler myocardial imaging (DMI) has been suggested as a method of quantifying inducible @entity63 during @entity452 stress echocardiography (DSE). Post-systolic motion (PSM) detected by @entity9956 is related to peri-infarct @entity63 during DSE. We hypothesized that PSM during DSE would predict recovery of dysfunctional myocardium after successful percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Thirty @entity1 with dysfunctional myocardium in the @entity453 ( @entity3980 ) territory were divided into two groups according to improvement of wall motion score index (WMSI) in the @entity3980 territory at 6 months after successful PCI of the @entity3980 . DMI was evaluated in the @entity3980 territory during DSE. Fifteen @entity1 showed improved WMSI (1.42+/-0.39) while the other 15 had unchanged WMSI (1.75+/-0.46) 1 month after PCI. Myocardial velocity was measured in the mid-septal, apico-septal, and basal anterior segments of the @entity3980 artery territory. PSM was defined as a positive wave appearing after the curve of systolic ejection had reached the zero line. RESULTS: Although there was no difference between resting PSMs in both groups, PSM during DSE was significantly higher in the improved WMSI group than in the WMSI group where it was unchanged. CONCLUSION: PSM during DSE predicts recovery of dysfunctional myocardium after successful PCI.

title: Relationship between post-systolic motion during XXXX stress echocardiography and functional recovery of myocardium after successful percutaneous coronary intervention.

entities_list: @entity452 :: ('MESH:D004280', 'Chemical') :: ['dobutamine']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['left anterior descending coronary artery']

answer: @entity452 :: (MESH:D004280,Chemical) :: ['dobutamine']


abstract: Glucocorticoids regulate the level of preproenkephalin mRNA expression in a number of cell systems. This study investigated the expression of preproenkephalin mRNA in the brain and its regulation by glucocorticoids in vivo. Two different methods for mRNA quantitation were employed. Total RNA isolated from dissected brain tissue was analyzed in an RNAse T2 protection assay. In addition, we have used in situ hybridization to brain sections to assess the expression of preproenkephalin mRNA. The results demonstrate that in the striatum the preproenkephalin mRNA is expressed at a high level and is regulated by glucocorticoids. There is a decrease in striatal preproenkephalin mRNA after adrenalectomy (ADX), and ADX animals replaced with @entity2819 express higher levels of striatal preproenkephalin mRNA than ADX animals. By in situ hybridization we have determined that the @entity2819 -induced increase in striatal preproenkephalin mRNA is evident after 16 h, but not after 2 h, of @entity2819 replacement of ADX animals. Elevation of circulating @entity2819 levels in intact @entity35 by 2-3 h of restraint stress, a multiple daily stress regimen over 1-21 days, or @entity2819 injection did not change the level of preproenkephalin mRNA in the striatum; however, a single 16-h restraint stress resulted in a decreased level of expression. In intact @entity35 there was a diurnal variation in the level of striatal preproenkephalin mRNA expression; ADX resulted in a decrease in the mRNA level, but did not abolish the diurnal variation in expression. Thus, while there is clearly regulation of striatal preproenkephalin mRNA by glucocorticoids, our results provide evidence for regulation by nonglucocorticoid mechanisms as well.

title: Glucocorticoid regulation of preproenkephalin messenger ribonucleic acid in the XXXX striatum.

entities_list: @entity2819 :: ('MESH:D003345', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosterone']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: Phenotypes produced by gene overexpression may provide important clues to gene function. Here, we have performed a search for genes that affect chromo-some stability when overexpressed in the budding @entity375 @entity375 . We have obtained clones encompassing 30 different genes. Twenty-four of these genes have been previously characterized. Most of them are involved in chromatin dynamics, cell cycle control, DNA replication or mitotic chromosome segregation. Six novel genes obtained in this screen were named CST (chromosome stability). Based on the pattern of genomic instability, inter-action with checkpoint mutations and sensitivity to chromosome replication or segregation inhibitors, we conclude that overexpression of @entity32572 specifically interferes with mitotic chromosome segregation, and @entity32573 affects some aspect of DNA metabolism. The other CST genes had complex pleiotropic phenotypes. We have created deletions of five genes obtained in this screen, @entity32574 , @entity32575 , @entity32576 , @entity32577 and @entity32578 . None of these genes is essential for viability, and deletions of @entity32576 and @entity32577 cause chromosome instability, a phenotype not previously associated with these genes. This work shows that analysis of dosage effects is complementary to mutational analysis of chromosome transmission fidelity, as it allows the identification of chromosome stability genes that have not been detected in mutational screens.

title: New XXXX genes important for chromosome integrity and segregation identified by dosage effects on genome stability.

entities_list: @entity375 :: ('4932', 'Species') :: ['yeast', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae']

answer: @entity375 :: (4932,Species) :: ['yeast']


abstract: @entity8205 are rare and occur in about one out of every 2,00,000 to 5,00,000 births. There is a significant association between @entity851 and @entity4786 and @entity6574 . Apart from this, association of @entity851 like @entity7674 , meningocele, @entity5149 and @entity1184 or @entity194 of deeper structures of a limb, have been described. We are herewith reporting two cases of bathing trunk nevi. In our first case, an eight-year-old @entity1 presented with a @entity851 studded with multiple, large nodules. Histopathological examination of the biopsy taken from one nodule revealed features of both @entity3292 and @entity362 . To the best of our knowledge, features of both these @entity4607 in one nodule of a single @entity1 are probably not reported in the literature. In our second case, a 12-year-old @entity1 presented with @entity851 and she had @entity7674 . She also had @entity362 in the lesion of @entity851 . Both of our @entity1 had satellite melanocytic nevi over the face, forearm, upper back and legs. Our second @entity1 , in addition, had small melanocytic nevi over the medial canthus and sclerocorneal junction of the right eye. By the time this @entity1 presented to us, the @entity8205 started fading in color and it had become brownish. We are reporting these cases for their peculiarities and for their rare features.

title: XXXX ( @entity851 ) associated with @entity362 and @entity3292 : report of two cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['girl', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity7674 :: ('MESH:D016136', 'Disease') :: ['spina bifida occulta']

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['bathing trunk nevus with abnormalities', 'bathing trunk nevus']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity6574 :: ('MESH:D008068', 'Disease') :: ['lipomatosis']

entities_list: @entity8205 :: ('MESH:D009508', 'Disease') :: ['Giant congenital melanocytic nevi', 'melanocytic nevus']

entities_list: @entity3292 :: ('MESH:D009455', 'Disease') :: ['neurofibroma']

entities_list: @entity4786 :: ('MESH:D017253', 'Disease') :: ['neurofibromatosis']

entities_list: @entity4607 :: ('MESH:D006222', 'Disease') :: ['hamartomas']

answer: @entity8205 :: (MESH:D009508,Disease) :: ['Giant congenital melanocytic nevus']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine hospital admission records from a large cohort of @entity1 with @entity3570 ( @entity3570 ) with a variety of insurers to provide descriptive detail about adult hospital use for @entity1 with @entity3570 and associated disorders in terms of primary diagnosis for hospitalization, age, sex, payer source, lengths of stay, and total charges. DESIGN: Retrospective secondary data analysis from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project for 2004 and 2005 of hospitalizations for adults with @entity3570 or associated @entity602 . SETTING: Records from U.S. inpatient hospital admissions. @entity1 : @entity1 with @entity3570 age 18 years and older. INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Diagnoses associated with hospitalizations and @entity204 . RESULTS: The most common primary diagnosis for hospitalization was @entity293 , followed by complications from devices/grafts/implants and @entity272 . @entity295 accounted for the most deaths. Approximately one third of hospitalizations were for primary diagnoses of potentially preventable conditions. Hospitalizations associated with a primary diagnosis of a potentially preventable @entity558 occurred most often in those less than 51 years of age and in rural or urban nonteaching hospitals. CONCLUSIONS: Reducing the number of secondary medical conditions with proactive and preventative approaches to health care could reduce the morbidity, mortality, and cost for health care for this group.

title: Hospitalizations of adults with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Persons', 'PARTICIPANTS', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity3570 :: ('MESH:D016135', 'Disease') :: ['SB', 'spina bifida']

entities_list: @entity558 :: ('MESH:C536528', 'Disease') :: ['condition']

entities_list: @entity602 :: ('MESH:D013118', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord anomalies']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin wounds']

entities_list: @entity293 :: ('MESH:D014552', 'Disease') :: ['urinary tract infection']

answer: @entity602 :: (MESH:D013118,Disease) :: ['spina bifida and congenital spinal cord anomalies']


abstract: PURPOSE: We determined whether there is a difference in the incidence of urinary continence in cloacal and classic @entity1494 after staged bladder neck reconstruction using the Young-Dees-Leadbetter technique. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed the records of @entity1 with cloacal and classic @entity1494 who underwent staged bladder neck reconstruction from 1971 to 1997. RESULTS: The Young-Dees-Leadbetter bladder neck reconstruction was completed in 23 @entity1 with @entity7891 , of whom 5 (22%) became continent and 18 (78%) have persistent @entity322 . A clinically apparent @entity16 significantly hindered the achievement of continence. Specifically 1 of the 13 @entity1 (7%) with versus 4 of the 10 (40%) without a @entity16 became continent (p <0.05). In contrast, staged reconstruction of classic @entity1494 resulted in urinary continence in 67 of the 82 @entity1 (82%). Of the 67 continent @entity1 23 (34%) cannot void and require intermittent catheterization. None of the @entity1 with classic exstrophy had a @entity51 . CONCLUSIONS: The ability of the Young-Dees-Leadbetter bladder neck reconstruction to result in urinary continence significantly differs in the cloacal and classic @entity1494 populations (22 versus 82%, p <0.001). Our findings also suggest that a coexisting @entity16 significantly hinders the ability to reconstruct a functional bladder in @entity1 with @entity7891 .

title: Urinary continence after staged bladder reconstruction for @entity7891 : the effect of coexisting XXXX on urinary continence.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['incontinence']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bladder exstrophy']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological abnormality']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deficit']

entities_list: @entity7891 :: ('MESH:D001746', 'Disease') :: ['cloacal exstrophy']

answer: @entity16 :: (MESH:D009422,Disease) :: ['neurological abnormalities']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Rapid Syllable Transitions (ReST) treatment uses pseudo-word targets with varying lexical stress to target simultaneously articulation, prosodic accuracy and coarticulatory transitions in @entity1741 ( @entity1741 ). The treatment is efficacious for the acquisition of imitated @entity5545 , and generalization of skill to @entity5545 and real words. Despite the growing popularity of telehealth as a method of service delivery, there is no research into the efficacy of telehealth treatments for @entity1741 . Telehealth service delivery is associated with compromised audio and visual signal transmission that may affect the efficacy of treatment. AIMS: To conduct a phase 1 efficacy study of telehealth delivery of ReST treatment for @entity1741 , and to discuss the efficacy with reference to face-to-face ReST treatment. METHODS _ PROCEDURES: Using a multiple baseline across participants design, five children aged 5-11 years with @entity1741 received ReST treatment four times a week for 3 weeks via video conferencing with Adobe Connect. The children's ability to imitate new @entity5545 , generalize the skills to @entity5545 and real word items, and maintain the skills following treatment were assessed. Both visual and statistical analyses were utilized. OUTCOMES _ RESULTS: All five children significantly improved with their production of the imitated treated pseudo-word items and significantly generalized to similar @entity5545 and real words. Additionally, two of the children showed significant generalization to imitated phrases with the treatment items. Four of the children maintained their treatment gains up to 4 months post-treatment. Telehealth delivery produced similar acquisition of @entity5545 and generalization to untreated behaviours as face-to-face delivery; however, in the 4 months following treatment, the children showed stable rather than improving speech skills. The intra- and inter-judge reliability was similar in telehealth delivery for face-to-face delivery. Caregivers and clinicians were satisfied with the telehealth treatment. CONCLUSIONS _ IMPLICATIONS: This phase 1 study provides promising indications of the efficacy of ReST treatment when delivered four times per week via telehealth, and warrants further large-scale investigation.

title: Telehealth delivery of Rapid Syllable Transitions (ReST) treatment for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1741 :: ('OMIM:602081', 'Disease') :: ['CAS', 'childhood apraxia of speech']

entities_list: @entity5545 :: ('MESH:D004410', 'Disease') :: ['pseudo-words', 'untreated pseudo-words']

answer: @entity1741 :: (OMIM:602081,Disease) :: ['childhood apraxia of speech']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Little is known about Internet resources for adolescent @entity1 . This study assessed the quality, readability, and social reach of websites on an illustrative @entity5 diagnosis, @entity421 . METHODS: The top 50 results from four queries in two search engines were screened. Quality and readability were determined using standard DISCERN tool, Flesch Reading Ease and Flesch-Kinkaid Grade. Social reach was gauged by social networking links, global website traffic, and a pilot adolescent-specificity measure. RESULTS: Of 400 websites assessed, 56 (14%) met inclusion criteria. Websites' mean quality was fair (49.8 on 75-point scale; range 31.0-66.0, poor to excellent); 86% failed readability standards (Grade>8); 75% offered at least one social networking link; and 34% offered site-specific social media. More than 60% received over 50,000 visits in the past month. Only 12.5% included adolescent-specific content. Of the 10 websites ranked highest for quality, only one achieved both readability targets and adolescent-specific content. CONCLUSIONS: Although some @entity1 -oriented websites on @entity421 are of acceptable quality, most failed readability targets, and few appeared to address adolescents. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Better awareness of Internet health resources and social media for adolescents with @entity5 is needed to address gaps, promote health literacy and facilitate @entity1 -provider communication.

title: Survey of quality, readability, and social reach of websites on XXXX in adolescents.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity421 :: ('MESH:D012516', 'Disease') :: ['osteosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['adolescent cancer', 'cancer']

answer: @entity421 :: (MESH:D012516,Disease) :: ['osteosarcoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of @entity17916 and Kuntai capsule (a traditional Chinese patent medicine) on the quality of life (QOL) and their cost-utility in early postmenopausal @entity1 . METHODS: Fifty-seven @entity1 with @entity7793 in the early postmenopausal stage were randomly allocated into @entity17916 group (0.3 mg/day and 0.6 mg/day alternately, n=29) and Kuntai group (4 g/day, n=28). The therapies lasted for one year and the @entity1 were followed up every 3 months. The QOL of the @entity1 was evaluated and the utility scores were obtained from rating scale to conduct a cost-utility analysis (CUA). RESULTS: At each follow-up examination, no significant difference was found in the QOL between the two groups (P>0.05). The QOL obviously increased after the 1-year-long therapy in both the groups, and Kuntai required longer treatment time than @entity17916 to take effect. The cost-utility ratio of @entity17916 and Kuntai were 13581.45 yuan/QALY (quality adjusted life year) and 25105.12 yuan/QALY, respectively. Both incremental cost analysis and sensitivity analysis showed that Kuntai was more costly than @entity17916 . The result of per-protocol analysis was consistent with that of intention-to-treat analysis. CONCLUSION: At early stage of menopause, the QOL of @entity1 with @entity7793 can be significantly improved by low-dose @entity17916 and Kuntai capsule, but the latter is more costly.

title: [Sexual hormone and traditional Chinese patent medicine for early postmenopausal XXXX : effect on quality of life and cost-utility analysis].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'women']

entities_list: @entity7793 :: ('MESH:D008594', 'Disease') :: ['menopausal syndrome']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The first aim of our long-term study was to describe the natural history of @entity2316 in 59 normotensive type 1 @entity6 @entity1 . Secondly, we evaluated genetic and nongenetic progression promoters. METHODS: The following progression promoters were determined: the insertion/deletion polymorphism in the @entity1289 ( @entity1289 ) gene, blood pressure, @entity633 , hemoglobin A1c, @entity165 , smoking, height, and gender. We studied the natural history by measuring 51Cr- @entity1098 plasma clearance at yearly intervals at least three times during [median (range)] 5.5 (2.2 to 18.3) years. RESULTS: At baseline the three groups (II, N = 11; ID, N = 25, and @entity336 , N = 23) had comparable GFR (103 +/- 16; 99 +/- 19; 113 +/- 22 ml/min/1.73 m2, respectively; mean +/- SD), arterial blood pressure, @entity633 , and hemoglobin A1c. During the follow-up there was a median rate of decline in GFR in all 59 @entity1 of 1.2 (range 12.9 to -4.4) ml/min/year. During the study period no significant differences were observed in: the rate of decline in glomerular filtration rate [median (range) 0.9 (10.6 to -1.9); 2.5 (12.9 to -4.4); 1.4 (10.8 to -1.9 ml/min/year)], arterial blood pressure, @entity633 , hemoglobin A1c or @entity165 between the three groups (II, ID and @entity336 ), respectively. At baseline, multiple linear regression analysis including the above-mentioned putative risk factors revealed that @entity633 , @entity851 , and male gender independently predict an enhanced decline in GFR [R2 (adjusted) = 0.33; P < 0.002]. During the follow-up period, only @entity633 acted as an independent progression promoter [R2 (adjusted) = 0.37; P < 0.0001]. CONCLUSIONS: Our study revealed a rather slow progression of @entity8 in normotensive type 1 @entity6 @entity1 with @entity2316 . @entity633 , @entity851 , and male gender act as progression promoters in such @entity1 .

title: Progression of @entity2316 in normotensive type 1 @entity6 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity1289 :: ('1636', 'Gene') :: ['angiotensin converting enzyme', 'ACE']

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['short stature']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic']

entities_list: @entity2316 :: ('MESH:D003928', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic nephropathy']

entities_list: @entity633 :: ('MESH:D000419', 'Disease') :: ['albuminuria', 'Albuminuria']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Changes in fundus autofluorescence (AF) are observed in various @entity989 . @entity12030 within the @entity989 ( @entity989 ) is a source of @entity3217 ( @entity3217 ); however, the causes of short-term increases in @entity3217 observed in inflammatory conditions or after laser treatment are unknown. Here, we describe an @entity989 cell culture model that is useful for investigations of @entity3217 . METHODS: @entity1 cells were cultured in 2-well chamber slides. Cells were exposed to isolated @entity95 photoreceptor outer segments (POS) to mimic in vivo phagocytic activity. The AF of @entity989 cells exposed to POS was measured before and after focal coagulation of the cultures. AF was measured over a period of 4 weeks. Cell lysates were examined by two-dimensional (2D) gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry analysis. RESULTS: The exposure of ARPE cells to POS did not lead to increased AF; however, after coagulation, cells exposed to POS showed a statistically significant increase in AF (p < 0.05). 2D electrophoresis of the cell lysates revealed changes in 3 proteins. One of these proteins, identified by mass spectrometry as @entity22401 , was reduced in the coagulated cell population. CONCLUSIONS: We have established an in vitro model of @entity989 cells in culture that can be used to evaluate the development of AF and changes in cellular proteins that accompany laser photocoagulation.

title: Effects of coagulation on the autofluorescence pattern of XXXX cells: an in vitro study.

entities_list: @entity12030 :: ('MESH:D009472', 'Disease') :: ['Lipofuscin accumulation']

entities_list: @entity22401 :: ('9368', 'Gene') :: ['ezrin-radixin-moesin-binding phosphoprotein 50']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['retinal pigment epithelium', 'retinal disorders', 'RPE']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['ARPE-19']


abstract: This study was designed to determine changes in one of metabolic functions, gluconeogenesis after @entity8 . Right kidneys of @entity168 @entity35 were removed and a vascular clamp was placed across the left renal artery and vein for 0, 10, 30, 60 and 90 min. On 1, 3 and 7 days after the treatment, tubule suspensions were prepared by collagenase treatment of left kidneys and incubated with or without 2 mM @entity2388 or @entity5910 aerobically. After the incubation, @entity413 contents were assayed photometrically. Serum @entity1011 was also determined. In addition, morphological changes were observed under light microscopy to examine the relationship between metabolism and morphology. The tendency of increase of gluconeogenesis was observed on day 1 and 3 after 10, 30, 60 min of ischemic time. On the other hand, gluco-neogenesis decreased significantly on day 1 after 90 min treatment. In contrast, on day 1 and 3 after treatment, serum @entity1011 levels showed no difference from control at the groups of 10 and 30 min @entity63 . Whereas it rose significantly at the group of 60 min @entity63 , showing a different tendency from that of the increase of gluconeogenesis. Moreover, morphologic damage was observed on day 1 and 3 after @entity63 of 30 and 60 min. The morphologic damage was found more advanced in the corticomedullary region than those of the cortex which has the high gluconeogenic activity and which thus showed relatively limited damage. These results suggest that renal gluconeogenesis is relatively insusceptible to @entity63 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Alterations of gluconeogenesis by @entity8 in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic renal injury']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic injury', 'ischemia']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity2388 :: ('MESH:D019289', 'Chemical') :: ['pyruvate']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity1582 is an incurable B-cell malignancy requiring new therapeutic strategies. Our approach was to analyze the in vitro effects of a selective @entity172 receptor modulator, @entity25608 ( @entity25609 ), on six @entity1582 cell lines. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Cultured @entity1582 cells were treated with various @entity25609 concentrations and the cellular response was studied: cell proliferation, cell viability, induction of apoptosis, caspase activities, and expression of signaling proteins. RESULTS: We found that pharmacologic concentrations of @entity25609 inhibit cell proliferation (4 of 6 cell lines). This inhibition is achieved by two independent events: a block at the G(1) phase of the cell cycle and the induction of apoptotic death. The cellular response to @entity25609 depends on the presence of functional @entity172 receptors. @entity25609 treatment activates an intrinsic mitochondrial @entity8187 -dependent pathway but not the Fas/ @entity12 death pathway. Signaling pathways known to be involved in the survival and/or proliferation of @entity1582 cells are not affected by @entity25609 treatment. @entity25609 -induced G(1) arrest is accompanied by the up-regulation of the cell cycle inhibitor @entity5438 ( @entity13525 ) and the down-regulation of @entity517 . Among the @entity588 family members tested, the proapoptotic BimS protein is induced whereas the antiapoptotic protein @entity2423 is decreased. CONCLUSIONS: Although the effects of @entity25609 are observed at micromolar concentrations, cellular mechanisms responsible for G(1) arrest, as well as apoptosis induction, are similar to those observed in @entity0 cells. Our data support the concept that @entity25609 may represent an alternative approach to inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis of @entity1582 cells.

title: @entity25608 inhibits proliferation of @entity1582 cells in vitro through down-regulation of @entity517 , up-regulation of XXXX , and modulation of @entity588 family members.

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity25608 :: ('MESH:C016601', 'Chemical') :: ['4-hydroxytamoxifen']

entities_list: @entity1582 :: ('MESH:D009101', 'Disease') :: ['multiple myeloma', 'Multiple myeloma']

answer: @entity13525 :: (1027,Gene) :: ['p27Kip1']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study analyzed the outcome of a combined endovascular and debranching procedure for hybrid aortic arch repair in @entity1 with chronic dissecting aortic @entity439 involving the aortic arch. METHODS: We reviewed all consecutive @entity1 who underwent hybrid aortic arch repair for dissecting @entity439 at the Arnaud de Villeneuve Hospital. RESULTS: A total of 33 consecutive @entity1 between March 2005 and September 2015 were included. @entity1 ' mean age was 65.1      12.2  years. Mean @entity439 diameter was 60.3      14.2  mm. @entity1 were treated for @entity439 diameter 55  mm or greater (n  =  28), aortic growth more than 1  cm/year (n  =  3), or @entity397 (n  =  2). Eleven complete supra-aortic debranchings were performed in zone 0, with 2 concomitant replacements of the ascending aorta. Partial aortic arch debranching was performed in 22 @entity1 (zone 1  =  8; zone 2  =  14). Technical success was achieved in 97% of @entity1 . There was no in-hospital death. One @entity1 died of decompensated @entity82 on day 20, resulting in a 30-day mortality of 3%. One @entity1 had @entity532 (3%). @entity2759 was observed in 1 @entity1 (3%), with complete recovery after spinal fluid drainage. Retrograde dissection occurred in 1 @entity1 (3%). After a mean follow-up of 24.3  months (range, 0.6-104.8  months), the overall mortality was 12% (n  =  4) with 3 additional deaths. Endoleak was reported in 6 @entity1 (18%), of whom 2 required reintervention. Overall, 8 reinterventions were performed (24%), with a mean time from intervention of 8.7  months (range, 1.2-24.6  months). CONCLUSIONS: Hybrid aortic arch repair for dissecting @entity439 is associated with acceptable early and midterm major morbidity and mortality, even for @entity1 treated in zone 0. However, given the high rate of reintervention and endoleak, close follow-up is required.

title: Hybrid aortic arch repair for dissecting XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity532 :: ('MESH:D003925', 'Disease') :: ['major cerebrovascular complications']

entities_list: @entity2759 :: ('MESH:D020760', 'Disease') :: ['Spinal cord ischemia']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms', 'aneurysm']

answer: @entity439 :: (MESH:D000783,Disease) :: ['aneurysm']


abstract: @entity731 plaques are either concentric, producing a fixed @entity3885 , or eccentric, with retention of an arc of normal vessel wall that allows changes in medial muscle tone to vary the degree of @entity850 . Plaques may also either be solid and fibrous or may contain, in addition to fibrous thickening, a pool of extracellular @entity165 . Most subjects with @entity741 have mixtures of all plaque types. The endothelium over established @entity1 plaques often shows focal denudation injury, with adhesion of a platelet monolayer not detectable by angiography. Larger thrombi are due either to superficial @entity130 , which is the progression of the endothelial denudation seen over otherwise static and intact plaques, or to deep @entity130 caused by plaque fissuring ( @entity397 ). Both forms of @entity130 expose collagen and @entity2880 factor to platelets. In @entity130 , tears extend from the lumen into the depths of the intima and often enter a lipid pool; in consequence, @entity715 initially forms within the plaque, thereby altering its configuration and expanding its volume. Many fissures will reseal at this stage, but the plaque is larger, and the process is an important cause of @entity851 . A proportion of plaque fissures are associated with the additional formation of a luminal @entity715 , which may be either mural or occlusive. In life, transitions between mural and occlusive thrombi and vice versa occur rapidly and frequently. @entity715 is associated with distal embolization of platelet masses and, in some cases, is associated with @entity165 from the plaque.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: A macro and micro view of coronary vascular insult in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['episodic sudden plaque growth']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['deep injury', 'intimal injury']

entities_list: @entity3885 :: ('MESH:D008173', 'Disease') :: ['degree of obstruction']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['Mural thrombus', 'thrombus']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic heart disease']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['Atherosclerotic']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

entities_list: @entity2880 :: ('MESH:D014842', 'Disease') :: ['von Willebrand']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity741 :: (MESH:D017202,Disease) :: ['ischemic heart disease']


abstract: High levels of coagulation factor VIII ( @entity2801 ) have been associated with @entity65 . @entity754 ( @entity754 ) has been recently demonstrated to contribute to @entity2801 clearance from plasma. The aim of this study was to evaluate 3 single @entity377 polymorphisms in @entity23423 - @entity754 gene locus ( @entity26351 , @entity26352 , and @entity26353 ) and @entity2801 coagulant activity ( @entity2801 :c) in subjects with (n = 692) or without (n = 291) angiographically confirmed @entity453 ( @entity453 ). High @entity2801 :c levels were an independent risk factor for @entity453 . The @entity26353 and @entity26352 genotypes were predictors of @entity2801 :c with T alleles associated with higher @entity2801 :c levels. The @entity26352 T allele was associated also with reduced total and LDL- @entity165 levels. With respect to the risk of @entity453 , no association was found for @entity26352 . Consistently with higher @entity2801 :c levels, the rs688T allele was associated with @entity453 , whereas, consistently with a favorable lipid profile, the @entity26351 T allele was associated with a decreased @entity453 prevalence. After adjustment for classic cardiovascular risk factors, including plasma lipids, @entity26353 remained associated with @entity453 (OR for T @entity19799 , 1.10-2.54). Haplotype analysis confirmed such results. Our data suggest that polymorphisms at @entity754 locus modulate @entity2801 :c levels and may be associated with @entity453 risk independently from plasma lipids.

title: Polymorphisms at @entity754 locus may be associated with XXXX through modulation of coagulation factor VIII activity and independently from lipid profile.

entities_list: @entity754 :: ('3949', 'Gene') :: ['Low-density lipoprotein receptor', 'LDLR']

entities_list: @entity377 :: ('CHEBI:36976', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotide']

entities_list: @entity19799 :: ('MESH:C565207', 'Disease') :: ['carriers: 1.67 with 95% confidence interval']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['CAD', 'coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity453 :: (MESH:D003324,Disease) :: ['coronary artery disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The standard schedule of @entity1749 requires frequent infusions and is often associated with dose-dependent, adverse effects such as @entity16 and @entity882 . Because of the known additive effect between @entity1749 and glucocorticoid, we explored weekly @entity1749 / @entity1667 in @entity1 with relapsed multiple @entity1582 . @entity1 AND METHODS: Twenty-nine @entity1 were treated at Indiana University with @entity1749 (1.3 mg/m2) and @entity1667 (500-2000 mg) intravenously on days 1, 8, and 15 of 28-day cycles. Response was evaluated using the Blade criteria. Twenty-one @entity1 (70%) had previous stem cell transplantation, and 13 were in third relapse or higher. RESULTS: A response was observed in 18 @entity1 (62%): 1 (3%) complete response, 1 (3%) near complete response, and 16 (55%) partial responses. Six (21%) had stable disease, and 5 (17%) had disease progression. The median time to progression, which was defined from the beginning of therapy until progression, was 6.6 months (95% confidence interval, 6.4-9.2 months). The median number of treatment cycles was 6 (range, 2-12 cycles). The median overall survival was 20.2 months (lower 95% confidence interval, 13.1 months). The most common @entity137 were @entity1295 and @entity344 . Grade >or= 3 adverse effects included @entity16 (2 grade 3), gastrointestinal side effects (1 grade 3), and @entity712 (1 grade 3). CONCLUSION: The weekly @entity1749 / @entity1667 regimen was well tolerated and yielded a response rate comparable with the standard schedule of @entity1749 alone. Our data support further investigation of this regimen in larger @entity1 cohorts.

title: Weekly @entity1749 / @entity1667 is effective and well tolerated in relapsed multiple XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1667 :: ('MESH:D008775', 'Chemical') :: ['methylprednisolone']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['sensory neuropathy', 'neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal disturbances']

entities_list: @entity1749 :: ('MESH:C400082', 'Chemical') :: ['bortezomib']

answer: @entity1582 :: (MESH:D009101,Disease) :: ['myeloma']


abstract: We reviewed 48 cases of @entity15798 seen between 1943 and 1986. The data provided a view of the diverse presentations and manifestations of this disease. Exposure to a rural environment or to @entity235 was the rule, and over two-thirds of @entity1 specifically remembered tick exposure. Clinical presentation was highly variable. Although @entity221 , @entity10 , and @entity1910 were each common, only 62% had the complete triad. @entity16 and signs were common in this series. @entity854 , particularly @entity491 , were the rule in those @entity1 who underwent lumbar puncture. @entity16 occurred in several @entity1 . Multiple other organ systems were involved at presentation or during the course of illness--gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, pulmonary, renal, muscular, hematologic. These manifestations could, and often did, confuse physicians seeing these @entity1 initially. They further accounted for the diverse complications seen. Outcome was good in this series. Mortality rate was 2%, and most @entity1 recovered without sequelae. However, morbidity during hospitalization was often severe. Even in an endemic area with high index of suspicion, the diagnosis of RMSF was often delayed, usually because of failure of the physician to consider this possibility at initial presentation. This series emphasizes the importance of considering RMSF in any febrile @entity1 in an endemic area, regardless of "atypical" presentation or apparent lack of tick exposure.

title: XXXX . A clinical review based on 48 confirmed cases, 1943-1986.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['Neurological symptoms', 'Neurologic sequelae']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['Cerebrospinal fluid abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity15798 :: ('MESH:D012373', 'Disease') :: ['Rocky Mountain spotted fever']

entities_list: @entity491 :: ('MESH:D007964', 'Disease') :: ['leukocytosis']

answer: @entity15798 :: (MESH:D012373,Disease) :: ['Rocky Mountain spotted fever']


abstract: @entity1991 ( @entity1991 ), @entity13437 / @entity13436 and @entity14032 are involved in @entity63 reperfusion injury (testicular-I/R). @entity1991 knock-out @entity19 (KO) subjected to testicular-I/R have a reduced testicular damage, blunted @entity14032 activation and enhanced @entity13437 / @entity13436 activity. To better understand the role of @entity13437 / @entity13436 up-regulation during testicular-I/R, we investigated the effects of @entity4286 , an inhibitor of @entity13437 / @entity13436 , in KO @entity19 during testicular-I/R. KO and @entity164 ( @entity164 ) animals underwent 1 h @entity63 followed by 24 h reperfusion or a sham testicular-I/R. Animals received either @entity4286 (5 mg/kg/ip) or its vehicle. @entity13437 / @entity13436 , @entity1380 , @entity15648 and @entity637 expression were assessed along with histological examination and an immunostaining for protein of apoptosis. Testicular-I/R caused a greater increase in @entity13437 / @entity13436 in KO than in @entity164 animals in both testes. KO @entity19 had a lower expression of the apoptotic proteins and @entity637 as well as reduced histological damage compared to @entity164 . Immunostaining confirmed the lower expression of @entity1380 in the Leydig cells of KO @entity19 . Administration of @entity4286 , abrogated @entity13437 / @entity13436 expression and slightly reduced @entity637 but did not improve or reverse the histological damage in KO. @entity4286 significantly reduced the histological damage in @entity164 @entity19 and markedly reduced the apoptotic proteins in KO and @entity164 @entity19 . These results suggest that testicular-I/R triggers also a pathway of organ damage involving @entity13437 / @entity13436 , @entity637 , @entity1380 , @entity15648 that activates an apoptotic machinery in an @entity1991 independent manner. These findings should contribute to better understand testicular torsion-induced damage.

title: Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3/mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 activates apoptosis during XXXX -reperfusion injury in a nuclear factor-kappaB-independent manner.

entities_list: @entity1991 :: ('18033(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['Nuclear factor kappa-B', 'NF-kappaB']

entities_list: @entity13437 :: ('26417(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['mitogen-activated protein kinase3', 'MAPK3']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['testicular ischemia']

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['testicular ischemia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity2178 ( @entity7741 II) signaling via type 1 receptor ( @entity7743 ) has been extensively characterized, whereas @entity7741 II signaling via type 2 receptors (AT2R), although counteracts actions mediated by @entity7743 , is still not completely understood. Bartter's/Gitelman's @entity1 (BS/ @entity1412 ) have intrinsically blunted @entity7743 signaling, making them a good model to examine @entity7741 II signaling via AT2R with particular emphasis on @entity14520 ( @entity14520 ) that interacts with the @entity7741 II-stimulated ERK pathway of cell signaling. METHODS: BS/ @entity1412 and healthy controls fibroblasts @entity7743 and AT2R level and the time course of @entity7741 II's effect on @entity14520 levels and @entity1366 phosphorylation over 1-h time course were assessed by western blot. The time course of @entity7741 II's effect on @entity14520 levels and @entity1366 phosphorylation alone or in the presence of either @entity11083 , an AT2R blocker, or @entity9886 , an @entity7743 blocker, or in combination was characterized. RESULTS: @entity7743 and AT2R levels did not differ between BS/ @entity1412 and healthy controls. @entity7741 II induced @entity1366 phosphorylation in BS/ @entity1412 fibroblasts, but peak @entity1366 phosphorylation declined more rapidly than that in control and BS/ @entity1412 fibroblasts also exhibited increased @entity14520 levels at 30-min incubation. @entity11083 , an AT2R blocker in BS/ @entity1412 fibroblasts, abolished the increased @entity14520 and @entity1366 phosphorylation time course became same as that for control. @entity9886 , an @entity7743 blocker, alone altered the time course of control fibroblast @entity14520 to mimic the increase seen in BS/ @entity1412 fibroblasts, whereas @entity1366 declined concomitantly. Treatment with @entity9886 and @entity11083 in controls reduced @entity14520 and elevated @entity1366 phosphorylation to the level observed in BS/ @entity1412 @entity1 treated with @entity11083 . CONCLUSION: @entity1366 phosphorylation time course found in BS/ @entity1412 fibroblasts tracked changes in @entity14520 levels and incubation with an AT2R blocker, @entity11083 , abrogated those responses. @entity9886 , an @entity7743 blocker, reproduced these changes in healthy controls, whereas the presence of both @entity7743 and AT2R inhibitors in controls abolished these changes. These data strongly suggest that @entity14520 is a major effector in altering @entity1366 phosphorylation status. Moreover, the results provide insight into the blunted responses in BS/ @entity1412 reported for @entity7741 II short-term and long-term effects, the mechanisms responsible, and thereby yield additional support for the role of AT2R signaling in the proposed effects of @entity7741 II @entity7743 blockers beyond @entity7743 blockade.

title: @entity2178 signaling via type 2 receptors in a XXXX model of vascular hyporeactivity: implications for hypertension.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2178 :: ('183', 'Gene') :: ['Angiotensin II']

entities_list: @entity9886 :: ('MESH:D019808', 'Chemical') :: ['Losartan']

entities_list: @entity14520 :: ('1843', 'Gene') :: ['mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase 1', 'MKP-1']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: CONTEXT: Most of what we know about antipsychotic drug effects is at the receptor level, distal from the neural system effects that mediate their clinical efficacy. Studying cerebral function in antipsychotic-naive @entity1 with @entity161 before and after pharmacotherapy can enhance understanding of the therapeutic mechanisms of these clinically effective treatments. OBJECTIVE: To examine alterations of regional and neural network function in antipsychotic-naive @entity1 with first-episode @entity161 before and after treatment with second-generation antipsychotic medication. DESIGN: Case-control study. SETTING: Huaxi MR Research Center and Mental Health Centre of the West China Hospital. @entity1 : Thirty-four antipsychotic-naive @entity1 with first-episode @entity161 were scanned using gradient-echo echo-planar imaging while in a resting state. After 6 weeks of antipsychotic treatment, @entity1 were rescanned. Thirty-four matched healthy control subjects were studied at baseline for comparison purposes. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The @entity4365 ( @entity4365 ) of blood @entity26 level-dependent signals, believed to reflect spontaneous neural activity, was used to characterize regional cerebral function. Functional connectivity across brain regions was evaluated using a seed voxel correlation approach and an independent component analysis. Changes in these measures after treatment were examined to characterize effects of antipsychotic drugs on regional function and functional integration. RESULTS: After short-term treatment with second-generation antipsychotic medications, @entity1 showed increased @entity4365 , particularly in the bilateral prefrontal and parietal cortex, left superior temporal cortex, and right caudate nucleus. Increased regional @entity4365 was associated with a reduction of clinical symptoms, and a widespread attenuation in functional connectivity was observed that was correlated with increased regional @entity4365 . CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrate for the first time, to our knowledge, that widespread increased regional synchronous neural activity occurs after antipsychotic therapy, accompanied by decreased integration of function across widely distributed neural networks. These findings contribute to the understanding of the complex systems-level effects of antipsychotic drugs.

title: Short-term effects of antipsychotic treatment on cerebral function in drug-naive first-episode XXXX revealed by "resting state" functional magnetic resonance imaging.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity4365 :: ('MESH:C565121', 'Disease') :: ['amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations', 'ALFF']

answer: @entity161 :: (MESH:D012559,Disease) :: ['schizophrenia']


abstract: Twenty cases of symptomatic @entity2461 ( @entity2461 ) in preterm inborn @entity1 were studied retrospectively. The diagnostic criteria were a systolic or a systolodiastolic murmur, @entity591 (greater than 160 per minute), hyperdynamic precordium, collapsing arterial pulses, @entity1283 or a need for intermittent positive pressure ventilation or continuous distending airway pressure. The incidence was found to be 2.48/1000 live births and 1.5% of SCBU admission. All babies were less than 35 weeks gestation and 18/20 weighed less than 1750 g at birth. Ten babies were treated with @entity3352 (0.2 mg/kg) and two of these babies died before the course of treatment was completed. Ten babies were treated with conservative therapy. They could not be administered @entity3352 because two died of fulminant @entity295 soon after the diagnosis was made; two babies had @entity295 and DIC but recovered from it, three had @entity882 , one had @entity2629 , two babies had @entity3638 requiring exchange transfusion. The two groups of babies matched in respect to gestational age, sex, age at presentation, birth weight and associated illnesses. Two babies in each group died soon after diagnosis. Of the eight babies in each group, six babies closed the ductus on @entity3352 therapy as against two on conservative therapy. This difference was significant (p less than 0.05). The babies who responded to @entity3352 were all treated within two weeks of age. None of them showed any complication of drug therapy or recurrence of @entity2461 . We conclude that intragastric @entity3352 given early in the management of symptomatic @entity2461 in term @entity1 is a safe and effective modality.

title: Clinical profile and management of symptomatic @entity2461 in premature XXXX .

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity1283 :: ('MESH:D006332', 'Disease') :: ['cardiomegaly']

entities_list: @entity2461 :: ('MESH:D004374', 'Disease') :: ['PDA', 'patent ductus arteriosus']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity3352 :: ('MESH:D007213', 'Chemical') :: ['indomethacin']

entities_list: @entity3638 :: ('MESH:D006932', 'Disease') :: ['hyperbilirubinemia']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['infants']


abstract: High risk of @entity65 caused by existing @entity3229 -y agonists such as @entity6170 and @entity12098 has been recently reported. @entity30657 is a novel selective @entity3229 -y agonist as a potential target to reduce cardiovascular risk in @entity2175 ( @entity2175 ). In this study, We investigated potential @entity1370 of @entity30657 and compared its @entity137 with that of @entity6170 or @entity12098 using db/db @entity19 . After 12-week repeated administration of @entity30657 at doses of 3, 10 and 30 mg/kg/day or @entity6170 at doses of 10 and 30 mg/kg/day or @entity12098 at doses of 200 and 540 mg/kg/day, animals were sacrificed for investigation of potential @entity137 . Diameters of left ventricles and areas of cardiomyocytes were measured. And lipid accumulation and apoptosis in heart muscle were examined by oil red O staining and TUNEL staining, respectively. Diameters of left ventricles were significantly increased in high dose treatment group of @entity12098 compared to control (p<0.05), while other groups showed a tendency for an increase. All test articles induced significantly the increase of area of cardiomyocytes in heart compared to control (p<0.01), in regular order as @entity12098 > @entity30657 >=  @entity6170 . However, lipid accumulation and apoptotic changes in heart were not observed in all dosing groups. Taken together, the myocardial cell hypertrophy of @entity30657 are relatively lower than that of @entity12098 and similar to @entity6170 . And it is suggested that the myocardial cell hypertrophy of @entity30657 are less adverse in clinical use for the management of the @entity2175 .

title: Histopathological Evaluation of Heart @entity137 of a Novel Selective @entity3229 -y Agonists XXXX in db/db @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity2175 :: ('MESH:D003924', 'Disease') :: ['non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus', 'NIDDM']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity12098 :: ('MESH:C060836', 'Chemical') :: ['pioglitazone']

entities_list: @entity1370 :: ('MESH:D066126', 'Disease') :: ['cardiotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity6170 :: ('MESH:C089730', 'Chemical') :: ['rosiglitazone']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular diseases']

answer: @entity30657 :: (MESH:C546215,Chemical) :: ['CKD-501']