abstract: @entity1892 ( @entity1892 ) is a frequent cause of @entity2348 and @entity693 in neonates. During the course of @entity281 , @entity1892 colonizes and invades a number of host compartments, thereby interacting with different host proteins. In the present report, we describe the isolation of the fbsA gene, which encodes a @entity2002 receptor from @entity1892 . The deduced FbsA protein is characterized by repetitive units, each 16 @entity1522 in length. Sequencing of the fbsA gene from five different @entity1892 strains revealed significant variation in the number of repeat-encoding units. The deletion of the fbsA gene in the genome of @entity1892 6313 completely abolished @entity2002 binding, suggesting that FbsA is the major @entity2002 receptor in this strain. Growth of the fbsA deletion mutant in @entity1 blood was significantly impaired, indicating that FbsA protects @entity1892 from opsonophagocytosis. In Western blot experiments with truncated FbsA -proteins, the repeat region of FbsA was identified as mediating @entity2002 binding. Using synthetic peptides, even a single repeat unit of FbsA was demonstrated to bind to @entity2002 . Spot membrane analysis and competitive binding experiments with peptides carrying single @entity535 substitutions allowed the prediction of a @entity2002 -binding motif with the consensus sequence G-N/S/T-V-L-A/E/M/Q-R-R-X-K/R/W-A/D/E/N/Q-A/F/I/L/V/Y-X-X-K/R-X-X.

title: A XXXX receptor from group B Streptococcus interacts with @entity2002 by repetitive units with novel ligand binding sites.

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity2348 :: ('MESH:D001424', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial sepsis']

entities_list: @entity693 :: ('MESH:D008581', 'Disease') :: ['meningitis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ['GBS', 'Group B Streptococcus']

answer: @entity2002 :: (2244,Gene) :: ['fibrinogen']


abstract: BACKGROUND CONTEXT: Kyphoplasty is used to treat @entity3814 ( @entity3814 ) by inflating a balloon within the vertebral body (VB) to create a void, thereby reducing the @entity174 , and then depositing @entity4625 ( @entity4625 ) into that void to augment the VB. @entity78 (CaP) may be preferable to @entity4625 because it is resorbable and nontoxic, although there are concerns about its compressive strength during the setting process. PURPOSE: To evaluate the ability of a particular self-setting CaP cement to restore the structural integrity of a VCF in a 2-functional spinal unit (2FSU) cadaver model under physiologically relevant loading. STUDY DESIGN/SETTING: Repeated-measures compressive testing on a cadaver thoracolumbar 2FSU VCF model. METHODS: Ten 2FSU thoracolumbar specimens were tested to evaluate structural integrity under compressive loading during initial anterior VCF creation (in the central VB), after @entity174 , and after kyphoplasty treatment. Bipedicular kyphoplasty treatment was performed in a 37 degrees C chamber to reduce the @entity174 and create a void, which was filled with CaP (n=5) or @entity4625 (n=5) and allowed to cure for at least 15 minutes. Using fluoroscopic imaging, the sagittal area of the VB (SAVB), the minimum central VB height (MCVBH), and the wedge angle were measured on the central VB for each condition at a 1,000-N compressive load. A repeated-measures linear model was used to determine if the differences in these parameters among the various experimental conditions were statistically significant (p< .05). RESULTS: Compared with the @entity174 , there was a significant improvement in the SAVB, MCVBH, and wedge angle under a physiologically relevant 1,000-N compressive load applied after kyphoplasty. There was no statistically significant difference between treatment with CaP or @entity4625 . CONCLUSIONS: The structural properties of CaP-augmented VBs are similar to those of @entity4625 -augmented VBs. Our study indicated that, after at least 15 minutes of setting, a fractured 2FSU specimen treated with kyphoplasty with @entity4625 or CaP could withstand physiologically relevant loading.

title: Biomechanical evaluation of kyphoplasty with XXXX cement in a 2-functional spinal unit vertebral compression @entity174 model.

entities_list: @entity4625 :: ('MESH:D019904', 'Chemical') :: ['polymethylmethacrylate', 'PMMA']

entities_list: @entity78 :: ('MESH:C020243', 'Chemical') :: ['Calcium phosphate']

entities_list: @entity3814 :: ('MESH:D050815', 'Disease') :: ['VCFs', 'vertebral compression fractures']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractured condition', 'fracture']

answer: @entity78 :: (MESH:C020243,Chemical) :: ['calcium phosphate']


abstract: PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The 5-year and 15-year life expectancy following the treatment of localized @entity263 is excellent. @entity1 may develop rare but devastating complications following the surgery for @entity263 . The purpose of this review is to summarize the available literature to date surrounding the management of the incontinent @entity1 with a concomitant @entity1494 ( @entity1494 ), or sphincteric stricture, following radical prostatectomy. RECENT FINDINGS: The literature consists of several case series, but no clinical trials exist to provide an evidence-based approach to the incontinent @entity1 with concomitant @entity1494 . Fortunately, this is a relatively rare clinical scenario and most cases are successfully managed with @entity384 or endoscopic techniques. Multiple endoscopic techniques are available. In addition, some authors include injectable agents in their armamentarium for the treatment of @entity1494 . Open reconstructive techniques or permanent urinary diversion may be necessary in rare cases. Both @entity3930 and artificial urinary sphincter may be considered for the management of concomitant urinary incontinence. Some authors suggest it is safe to proceed with simultaneous artificial urinary sphincter implantation at the time of endoscopic management of the @entity1494 . SUMMARY: Management of the incontinent @entity1 with concomitant @entity1494 represents a challenging situation for the urologist. Several techniques are available to stabilize the @entity1494 before safely proceeding with surgery for urinary incontinence. For the rare, complex case that has failed endoscopic management, referral to a surgeon experienced in reconstructive techniques is warranted.

title: Management of the incontinent XXXX with a sphincteric stricture following radical prostatectomy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3930 :: ('MESH:D005834', 'Disease') :: ['male slings']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bladder neck contracture', 'BNC']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['urethral dilatation']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Progression of extensive gastric @entity558 to @entity5 might warrant surveillance programms. Recent guidelines suggest a 3-yearly endoscopic follow-up for these @entity1 . Our aim was to determine the cost utility of endoscopic surveillance of @entity1 with extensive gastric @entity558 such as extensive @entity194 or intestinal metaplasia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cost-utility economic analysis was performed from a societal perspective in Portugal using a Markov model to compare two strategies: surveillance versus no surveillance. Clinical data were collected from a systematic review of the literature, costs from published national data, and community utilities derived from a population study by the EuroQol questionnaire in terms of quality-adjusted life years (QALY). Population started at age 50, for a time horizon of 25  years and an annual discount rate of 3% was used for cost and effectiveness. Primary outcome was the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of a 3-yearly endoscopic surveillance versus no surveillance for a base case scenario and in deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analysis. Secondary outcomes were ICER of 5- and 10-yearly endoscopic surveillance versus no surveillance. RESULTS: Endoscopic surveillance every 3  years provided an ICER of     18,336, below the adopted threshold of     36,575 which corresponds to the proposed guideline limit of USD 50,000 and this strategy dominated surveillance every 5 or 10  years. Utilities for endoscopic treatment were relevant in deterministic analysis, while probabilistic analysis showed that in 78% of cases the model was cost-effective. CONCLUSIONS: Endoscopic surveillance every 3  years of @entity1 with @entity558 is cost-effective.

title: Cost-Utility Analysis of Endoscopic Surveillance of XXXX with Gastric Premalignant Conditions.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity558 :: ('MESH:C536528', 'Disease') :: ['premalignant conditions']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: PURPOSE: We determined the long-term evolution of @entity8 associated with @entity3025 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively selected 74 consecutive @entity1 with unilateral primary @entity3025 , ipsilateral renal differential uptake less than 45% at @entity9409 scintigraphy performed 4 to 6 months after @entity293 (60 @entity1 ) or shortly after diagnosis of @entity3025 investigated for prenatal @entity3041 (14), and normal ultrasound and scintigraphic imaging of the contralateral nonrefluxing kidney. Average @entity1 age at diagnosis was 3 years. The outcome was assessed via @entity9409 scan at 5 to 24 years (mean 8.9). RESULTS: In 65 @entity1 (88%) variations of less than 5% in differential uptake were recorded. Three @entity1 (4%) showed an increase of greater than 5% in differential uptake of the refluxing kidney. Six @entity1 (8%) demonstrated a decrease of greater than 5%, of whom 3 had 1 and 3 had no febrile @entity293 during followup. A total of 18 @entity1 had a differential uptake of 35% to 45% at the first visit, of whom 3 exhibited a decrease of 5.2% to 27% in differential uptake and had no history of febrile @entity293 . CONCLUSIONS: In most cases differential uptake of the unilaterally refluxing affected kidney remains stable from early childhood to puberty despite the increase in body mass, which necessitates increasing renal work. In some @entity1 a significant decrease in differential uptake may be observed even in the absence of recurrent febrile urinary tract infections. A mild decrease in differential uptake (35% to 45%) at diagnosis does not exclude the possibility of a subsequent significant decrease, even in the absence of febrile @entity293 .

title: Long-term evolution of @entity8 associated with unilateral XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal damage']

entities_list: @entity3041 :: ('MESH:D006869', 'Disease') :: ['hydronephrosis']

entities_list: @entity9409 :: ('MESH:D004113', 'Chemical') :: ['dimercapto-succinic acid']

entities_list: @entity3025 :: ('MESH:D014718', 'Disease') :: ['vesicoureteral reflux']

entities_list: @entity293 :: ('MESH:D014552', 'Disease') :: ['urinary tract infection']

answer: @entity3025 :: (MESH:D014718,Disease) :: ['vesicoureteral reflux']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity738 fungo  des is an uncommon @entity3217 fungo  des. We report a misleading case initially thought to be @entity370 . CASE REPORT: A 34-year-old @entity1 developed stationary erythematous plaques on the trunk and members. Pathology reported a sarcoidal aspect. No extracutaneous @entity75 were found. The lesions resolved with puvatherapy. Five years later, the @entity1 developed a voluminous @entity1489 in the scapular area. Pathology reported @entity4888 . Radiotherapy was given. Other plaques developed on the skin with the same histological aspect as initially and disappeared after local applications of @entity3700 . During the clinical course, the @entity1 developed visceral localizations of @entity3217 fungoides in the abdomen and pelvic nodes which responded to polychemotherapy. DISCUSSION: Histologically, granulomatous @entity3217 fungo  des is defined as the association of epidermotropic @entity784 with epitheloid and @entity2253 and no @entity39 . Variants may be misleading when the epitheloid and giant cell aspect predominates, as in our observation. An analysis of 28 reported cases showed no disinction between the clinical features. Clinical course or treatment for @entity4888 or classical @entity4888 . @entity370 is rarely associated. Most likely, there is a tissue reaction to the lymphona.

title: [ @entity4888 histologically simulating XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity4888 :: ('MESH:D009182', 'Disease') :: ['granulomatous fungoides mycosis', 'fungoid mycosis', 'granulomatous mycosis fungoides']

entities_list: @entity3700 :: ('MESH:D008466', 'Chemical') :: ['chlormethine']

entities_list: @entity2253 :: ('MESH:D006101', 'Disease') :: ['giant cell dermal granulomas']

entities_list: @entity738 :: ('MESH:D006099', 'Disease') :: ['Granulomatous mycosis']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['sarcoidal lesions']

entities_list: @entity1489 :: ('MESH:D012878', 'Disease') :: ['skin tumor']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity784 :: ('MESH:D016399', 'Disease') :: ['T-cell lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity370 :: ('MESH:D012507', 'Disease') :: ['cutaneous sarcoidosis', 'Extracutaneous sarcoidosis']

answer: @entity370 :: (MESH:D012507,Disease) :: ['cutaneous sarcoidosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Enterocutaneous @entity292 arise as complications in 0.8%-2% of abdominal operations. The global mortality rate is 5%-37%, yet it may exceed 60% in the case of high-output @entity292 and when @entity295 and @entity3147 are involved. The objective of this prospective cohort study with retrospective data analyses was to analyze our ten-year experience with a vacuum-compaction device for the management of high-output, postoperative enterocutaneous @entity292 at the Department of General Surgery, E. Torn   Hospital, and the Intensive Care Unit, Churruca Hospital, Buenos Aires, Argentina. @entity1 AND METHODS: Ninety-one @entity1 presented 179 @entity292 ; 73 (69.2%) were @entity1 whose mean age was 48 years. @entity295 and @entity3147 were present in 66 (72.5%). The mean initial @entity292 output was 1,485 ml/day. Conservative management was carried out according to diagnostic and therapeutic priority staging. A vacuum-compaction system (SIVACO; Spanish acronym) was used to control output. RESULTS: Output was entirely suppressed in 37 (40.7%) @entity1 after 1-7 days of treatment, and reduced to less than 500 ml/day (average=138) in 52 (57.1%) @entity1 . Spontaneous closure was achieved in 42 (46.2%) @entity1 , whereas 37 (40.7%) @entity1 did not improve after 20-380 (average=111) days of treatment. Those @entity1 required surgical correction, which had an 83.8% success rate. Overall mortality was 16.5% (15 @entity1 ). CONCLUSIONS: The vacuum-compaction device proved effective for reducing @entity292 output in 89 of 91 @entity1 (97.8%).

title: Treatment of high-output enterocutaneous XXXX with a vacuum-compaction device. A ten-year experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS', 'men']

entities_list: @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['sepsis', 'Sepsis']

entities_list: @entity292 :: ('MESH:D005402', 'Disease') :: ['fistula', 'fistulas']

entities_list: @entity3147 :: ('MESH:D044342', 'Disease') :: ['malnutrition']

answer: @entity292 :: (MESH:D005402,Disease) :: ['fistulas']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity2681 has been considered an extraesophageal manifestation of @entity354 , but few reports have studied the relationship between this disease and other periodontal or dental lesions. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of @entity2520 in @entity1 with @entity354 . @entity1 AND METHODS: A total of 253 subjects were prospectively studied between April 1998 and May 2000. Two study groups were established: 181 @entity1 with @entity354 and 72 healthy volunteers. Clinical assessment, including body mass index and consumption of @entity286 and @entity167 , was performed in all subjects, as well as a dental and periodontal examination performed by a dentist physician, blind as to the diagnosis of subjects. Parameters evaluated were: (a) presence and number of @entity2681 , location and severity, according to the Eccles and Jenkins index [Prosthet Dent 1979;42:649-53], modified by Hattab [Int J Prosthes 2000;13:101-71; (b) assessment of dental condition by means of the CAO index; and (c) periodontal status analysed by the plaque index, the @entity548 index, and @entity1464 . RESULTS: Clinical parameters were similar in both groups (p > 0.05). Age was statistically associated with the CAO index, presence of @entity2681 , and @entity1464 (p < 0.001, Student's t-test). Compared with the control group, the percentage of @entity2681 was significantly higher in the @entity354 group (12.5 vs. 47.5%, p < 0.001, chi2-test), as was the number and severity of @entity2681 (p < 0.001, Student's t-test). Location of @entity2681 was significantly different between groups. Age was not statistically related to either the amount or severity of @entity2681 . CAO and periodontal indices were similarly distributed between groups. CONCLUSIONS: @entity2681 may even be considered as an extraesophageal manifestation of @entity354 . The fact that the prevalence of caries and periodontal lesions is similar in @entity1 with @entity354 and in healthy volunteers suggests a lack of relationship with @entity354 .

title: XXXX in @entity1 with @entity354 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1464 :: ('MESH:D005889', 'Disease') :: ['gingival recession', 'gingival recessions']

entities_list: @entity2520 :: ('MESH:D010510', 'Disease') :: ['dental and periodontal lesions']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['haemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity2681 :: ('MESH:D014077', 'Disease') :: ['dental erosions', 'dental erosion', 'Dental erosion']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity354 :: ('MESH:D005764', 'Disease') :: ['gastro-oesophageal reflux disease']

answer: @entity2520 :: (MESH:D010510,Disease) :: ['Dental and periodontal lesions']


abstract: PURPOSE: We established hazard rates for disease progression at different intervals after external beam radiotherapy alone in @entity1 with clinically localized @entity263 . We determined the likelihood of biochemical failure in those free of disease 5 years after radiotherapy and identified those at risk for early versus late biochemical failure. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed the records of 964 @entity1 treated with full dose external beam radiotherapy alone for T1 to T4, NxM0 @entity263 . Followup @entity1486 (PSA) was measured 3 months after the completion of radiotherapy and every 3 to 6 months thereafter. Yearly hazard rates for biochemical failure were calculated each followup year. RESULTS: Median followup of the whole study group was 48 months. Overall 5 and 10-year biochemical disease-free survival rates were 63.7% and 53.6%, respectively. @entity1 had a peak overall hazard rate 2 years after treatment. The hazard rate then decreased until year 6, when it increased slightly and remained elevated even at year 10. This late increase in the overall hazard rate was associated with late increases in the hazard rate in @entity1 with favorable prognostic factors, namely pretreatment PSA less than 10 ng./ml., Gleason score less than 5, clinical T stage T1 or T2, posttreatment PSA nadir less than 0.99 ng./ml. or radiation dose less than 68 Gy. In 13 of the 307 @entity1 (3.9%) with biochemical failure the failure occurred more than 5 years after initial treatment. CONCLUSIONS: The peak risk of biochemical failure is 2 years after radiotherapy. @entity1 are at slight but persistent risk for biochemical failure more than 5 years after treatment. Hazard rate calculations beyond the median followup of 4 years can underestimate the true hazard.

title: Hazard rates of disease progression after external beam radiotherapy for clinically localized XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity1486 :: ('354', 'Gene') :: ['prostate specific antigen']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['carcinoma of the prostate']


abstract: The @entity102 are clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorders and include @entity1860 ( @entity1860 ), @entity6582 vera (PV), @entity4407 ( @entity4407 ), and @entity4018 ( @entity4018 ). These diseases are characterized by clonal expansion of the myeloid compartment, @entity236 , and varying risks for blastic transformation. A clear molecular abnormality exists (t(9;22) leading to the fusion of @entity1861 ) only for @entity1860 , which led to effective targeted therapy ( @entity2213 ). Since no similar pathogenetic mechanism has been discovered for the t(9;22) negative @entity102 , their respective diagnosis is currently based on a variety of rather cumbersome diagnostic criteria. @entity6582 vera is distinguished from reactive erythrocytosis through erythropoietin independent growth of erythroid progenitors in vitro, suppressed levels of endogenous erythropoietin, possible overexpression of @entity4247 -1 ( @entity6582 rubra vera-1), decreased @entity20096 expression on megakaryocytes, as well as overexpression of bcl-xL, and potentially aberrant activity of the Jak-Stat pathway. @entity4407 is defined by @entity1148 and is distinguished from reactive states by decreased megakaryocyte @entity20096 expression, and a propensity for @entity715 . @entity4018 has been associated with a variety of observations including increased concentrations of pro-fibrotic cytokines, increased angiogenesis, and myeloid expansion. @entity4018 is often indistinguishable clinically and prognostically from the advanced phases of other @entity32942 (specifically post-polycythemic and post- @entity1148 @entity4018 ), all of which are subentities of a diagnosis of @entity4018 with @entity4018 (MMM). The management of @entity32942 @entity1 is quite varied given the broad range of disease severity and survival observed. The role of stem cell transplantation is limited by the age and comorbidities encountered in @entity32942 @entity1 . Since no broadly applicable therapy effects the mortality of the @entity32942 , management currently focuses on the prevention/palliation of disease morbidity (i.e. @entity455 , @entity111 , @entity7555 , constitutional symptoms). Palliative strategies which currently focus on non-specific myelosuppresion, will hopefully be soon replaced by targeted therapies as insight into pathogenetic mechanisms of these diseases evolves.

title: Clinical and scientific advances in the Philadelphia-chromosome negative XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6582 :: ('MESH:D011086', 'Disease') :: ['Polycythemia', 'polycythemia']

entities_list: @entity1148 :: ('MESH:D013922', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocythemia', 'thrombocytosis']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular complications']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic myeloproliferative disorders']

entities_list: @entity236 :: ('MESH:D001855', 'Disease') :: ['increased marrow angiogenesis']

entities_list: @entity111 :: ('MESH:D011537', 'Disease') :: ['pruritus']

entities_list: @entity4018 :: ('MESH:D055728', 'Disease') :: ['agnogenic myeloid metaplasia', 'myelofibrosis', 'myeloid metaplasia', 'AMM']

entities_list: @entity7555 :: ('MESH:D016878', 'Disease') :: ['organomegaly']

entities_list: @entity4407 :: ('MESH:D013920', 'Disease') :: ['essential thrombocythemia', 'ET']

entities_list: @entity1860 :: ('MESH:D015464', 'Disease') :: ['chronic myeloid leukemia', 'CML']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

answer: @entity102 :: (MESH:D002908,Disease) :: ['chronic myeloproliferative disorders']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: There may be subtypes in @entity161 ( @entity161 ), and one of the subtypes may be related to @entity935 supersensitivity @entity716 (DSP). In developing strategies for prevention and treatment @entity161 , it is important to clarify the role of DSP in @entity161 . @entity161 @entity1 were recruited from 3 hospitals for the present study. Through chart reviews, all @entity1 were judged as either @entity161 or not, and then possible @entity161 @entity1 were investigated about their past/present histories of DSP episode(s) by direct interviews. We then compared each factor between the groups with and without DSP episode(s). Out of 611 @entity1 screened, 147 @entity1 met the criteria for @entity161 and were included in the present analysis. These were divided into groups with and without DSP, comprising 106 (72.1%) and 41 @entity1 (27.9%), respectively. Clinical characteristics in the two groups were similar, except for @entity717 ( @entity717 ), which were significantly more important in DSP @entity1 . Of the DSP @entity1 , 42% and 56% experienced rebound @entity716 and tolerance to antipsychotic effects, respectively. The present study revealed that approximately 70% of @entity161 @entity1 experienced one or more DSP episodes, which may have a strong impact on the long-term prognosis of @entity1 with @entity161 .

title: @entity935 supersensitivity @entity716 as a pivotal factor in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia', 'TRS', 'treatment-resistant schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychosis']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['DIMDs', 'drug-induced movement disorders']

answer: @entity161 :: (MESH:D012559,Disease) :: ['treatment-resistant schizophrenia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Lowering low-density lipoprotein @entity165 ( @entity11429 ) with statins reduces @entity65 and slows plaque progression. While this therapeutic approach has been reported to favorably modify plaque composition, this is not well characterized in @entity1 . Also, the benefit of achieving @entity11429 levels below current recommended targets remains unknown. Frequency-domain optical coherence tomography (FD-OCT) enables visualization of plaque microstructures associated with plaque instability. We investigated plaque morphologies in @entity1 with low @entity11429 levels by using FD-OCT. METHODS: 293 and 122 non-obstructive lipid and fibrous plaques in 280 stable @entity6817 -treated CAD @entity1 were evaluated by FD-OCT imaging in vessels requiring percutaneous coronary intervention. Study subjects were stratified according to achieved @entity11429 levels (<50, 50-70, 70-100, <100  mg/dL). FD-OCT derived plaque microstructures were compared. RESULTS: @entity11429 levels <50  mg/dL and <70  mg/dL were observed in 13.9% (39/280) and 29.2% (82/280) of @entity1 , respectively. @entity1 with @entity11429 <50  mg/dL were more likely to be older (p  <  0.001) and receive a high-dose @entity6817 (p  =  0.01). On FD-OCT imaging, @entity1 with @entity11429 <50  mg/dL were more likely to have @entity82 (51.7, 43.2, 22.2 and 12.3%, p  =  0.01) and less likely to have lipid plaques (48.2, 56.7, 77.7 and 87.6%, p  =  0.01). In addition, @entity11429 level was significantly associated with lipid arc (173      76, 175      88, 196      102 and 234      85  , p  =  0.01) and fibrous cap thickness (139.9      93.9, 103.1      66.4, 92.5      48.5 and 92.1      47.8 um, p  =  0.001). In particular, the smallest lipid arc and thickest fibrous cap were observed in @entity1 who achieved @entity11429 <50  mg/dL. Multivariable analysis revealed @entity11429 levels (beta coefficient  -0.254, p  =  0.009) and high-dose @entity6817 use (beta coefficient 1.814, p  =  0.003) to independently associate with fibrous cap thickness. CONCLUSIONS: More stable plaque features were observed within non-obstructive @entity1856 in @entity1 with very low @entity11429 levels. These findings underscore @entity11429 level to stabilize plaques in @entity1 with CAD and high residual atherosclerotic risk.

title: Plaque microstructures in XXXX with coronary artery disease who achieved very low low-density lipoprotein @entity165 levels.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'humans', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrous plaque']

entities_list: @entity1856 :: ('MESH:D058226', 'Disease') :: ['atheromas']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular events']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1124 is a highly aggressive @entity5 , and chemotherapy is the standard therapy for @entity788 . We report curative resection for a case of @entity788 with liver @entity3 after chemotherapy. A 67-yearold @entity1 presented with @entity391 and @entity353 , and was admitted to our hospital for an evaluation of @entity660 . Computed tomography revealed a hypoattenuating @entity5 in the head of the pancreas. We would usually perform pancreatoduodenectomy based on a diagnosis of cStage III . However, this case was inoperable because we found 4 liver @entity3 during surgery, which we resected. Sixteen days after surgery, we administered FOLFIRINOX chemotherapy. The grade 2 @entity137 were @entity390 , @entity448 , @entity294 , and fatigue, but serious adverse events did not occur. After 7 courses of chemotherapy, no new @entity3 were noted. Therefore, radical subtotal stomach-preserving pancreatoduodenectomy was performed. The @entity1 has survived without any recurrence for more than 17 months after hepatectomy.

title: [ XXXX with Liver Metastasis Treated with Radical Surgery after Chemotherapy].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer', 'pancreatic adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity1124 :: ('MESH:D021441', 'Disease') :: ['Pancreatic ductal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity660 :: ('MESH:D010182', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic lesions']

entities_list: @entity448 :: ('MESH:D000855', 'Disease') :: ['anorexia']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'metastases']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['Pancreatic Cancer']


abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes of maximal @entity26 consumption, left ventricular function and serum lipids after 36 weeks of aerobic exercise in elderly @entity1 without the influence of drugs. Eight elderly @entity1 were studied by M-mode and Doppler echocardiography to assess left ventricular size, mass and function. Maximal @entity26 consumption (VO(2)max) was determined for each subject by administering a treadmill exercise test. The training intensity was decided by heart rate reserve. Subjects performed exercise for 40 minutes a day, 3 days a week at 50-60% of the heart rate reserve during the 36 weeks. Exercise capacity was assessed by VO(2)max with a graded exercise test of the treadmill. Weight and % body fat decreased after training. Cardiorespiratory function improved because of the increase in VO(2)max and VO(2)max normalized for body weight after training. Systolic blood pressure significantly decreased. There are no significant difference in all left ventricular's parameters (end-diastolic dimension, end-systolic dimension, end-diastolic volume, end-systolic volume, @entity64 volume, cardiac output, ejection fraction, fractional @entity3207 ) after 36 weeks. Exercise training did not induce left ventricular (LV) enlargement as evidence of an absence of increase in left ventricular end-diastolic volume. The total @entity165 level and @entity412 level decreased after training. High density lipoprotein- @entity165 significantly increased and low density lipoprotein- @entity165 significantly decreased, atherogenic index (AI) significantly decreased and @entity1675 increased and @entity755 decreased after training. In conclusion, although there was no significant change in left ventricular function, aerobic training showed a positive influence on body composition, maximal @entity26 consumption and serum lipids.

title: The effect of long-term aerobic exercise on maximal @entity26 consumption, left ventricular function and serum lipids in elderly XXXX .

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity755 :: ('338', 'Gene') :: ['apolipoprotein B']

entities_list: @entity3207 :: ('MESH:C535850', 'Disease') :: ['shortening']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity1675 :: ('335', 'Gene') :: ['apolipoprotein A-I']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: This study evaluated the short-term outcome of treating @entity174 of the mandible with bioabsorbable plates. Sixty-nine @entity174 of the mandible in 49 @entity1 were treated by open reduction and internal fixation using bioabsorbable plates and 2.4-mm, 2.0-mm, and 1.5-mm pretapped screws. The duration of intermaxillary fixation ranged from 0 to 23 days, with a mean of 4.6 days. @entity1 were evaluated for complications during the follow-up period, which ranged from 1 to 18 months. Six @entity1 (12.2 percent) experienced complications. These included @entity281 (four @entity1 ), premature occlusal contact (one @entity1 ), and @entity2956 (one @entity1 ). Except for one case, all complications were minor and adequately managed with incision and drainage, elastic traction, physical therapy, and medication. Delayed @entity281 ( @entity4034 ) developed in a symphysis @entity174 and was treated by saucerization and antibiotics. The @entity174 line subsequently showed complete consolidation. Bioabsorbable plates can be selectively used for internal fixation in mandibular @entity174 , with the advantage that they do not need to be removed.

title: Treatment of mandible XXXX using bioabsorbable plates.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2956 :: ('MESH:D013705', 'Disease') :: ['temporomandibular disorder']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'fracture']

entities_list: @entity4034 :: ('MESH:D010019', 'Disease') :: ['osteomyelitis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['fractures']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate our results using @entity34 ( @entity34 ) for the treatment of @entity1141 or superficial @entity5 (T1 N0 M0) in @entity1 with @entity355 . @entity1 AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed our clinical experience with 48 @entity1 (34 @entity1 with high-grade @entity1141 and 14 @entity1 with superficial @entity5 in @entity355 ) who had been referred for @entity34 . Initial evaluation included computed tomography and standard and high-frequency catheter endosonography. Follow-up endoscopy was performed 4 to 6 weeks after @entity34 with ablation of any residual glandular mucosa, using the @entity3503 plasma coagulator. @entity1 were then followed up indefinitely every 3 to 6 months with computed tomography, endosonography, and endoscopic surveillance. RESULTS: The median series follow-up was 18.5 months (range, 1-56 months). Apparent complete photoablation of Barrett mucosa and/or superficial @entity5 was documented in 47 of 48 cases. Complications included symptomatic strictures (11 @entity1 ), photosensitivity (7 @entity1 ), @entity955 (1 @entity1 ) or recurrent @entity712 (1 @entity1 ), and self-limited esophageal perforation (1 @entity1 ). Failure to ablate T1 N0 M0 @entity420 occurred in 1 @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Porfimer @entity1372 @entity34 appears to eradicate @entity355 mucosa and @entity5 . These results are promising; however, long-term studies are needed to document the efficacy of @entity34 in reducing the morbidity and mortality in such @entity1 .

title: Photodynamic therapy for XXXX and early @entity420 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure']

entities_list: @entity355 :: ('MESH:D001471', 'Disease') :: ['Barrett esophagus', 'dysplastic Barrett']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplasia', 'cancer', 'neoplasm']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity34 :: ('MESH:D016609', 'Disease') :: ['photodynamic therapy', 'PDT']

answer: @entity355 :: (MESH:D001471,Disease) :: ['dysplastic Barrett esophagus']


abstract: 1. The antineoplastic drug busulfan is frequently used in preconditioning regimens for bone marrow transplantation. Pharmacokinetics vary tremendously between @entity1 due to extensive metabolism in the liver via conjugation to glutathione catalysed by @entity21368 (GST) A1-1. Since elevated busulfan plasma levels have been reported to be a risk factor for developing @entity5501 ( @entity5501 ), metabolism of busulfan may play a pivotal role in the induction of @entity5501 . 2. Therefore, we developed a cell model to investigate the influence of busulfan metabolism on its biological effects. @entity56961 cDNA was transfected into the cell line ECV 304 and protein expression was demonstrated by Western blotting. Enzymatic activity could be detected by formation of tetrahydrothiophene. Additionally, effects of busulfan treatment on cell cycle and expression of tissue factor have been investigated. 3. A busulfan-induced G2-arrest was reduced in @entity56961 -transfected cells, which consequently displayed a significantly higher activity of cdc2 kinase (24.1+/-1.5 AU mg(-1) protein) after busulfan treatment compared to controls (14.7+/-2.3 AU mg(-1) protein; P<0.01). Elevated basal expression of tissue factor in @entity56961 -transfected ECV 304 cells could be 4 fold increased by busulfan treatment. 4. These data demonstrate that ECV 304 cells transfected with @entity56961 provide a valuable tool to assess busulfan metabolism in vitro. Furthermore, overexpression of @entity56961 leads to a partial protection against cell cycle effects of busulfan and affects tissue factor expression.

title: Overexpression of XXXX A1-1 in ECV 304 cells protects against busulfan mediated G2-arrest and induces tissue factor expression.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity21368 :: ('373156', 'Gene') :: ['glutathione S-transferase']

entities_list: @entity5501 :: ('MESH:D006504', 'Disease') :: ['veno-occlusive disease', 'VOD']

answer: @entity21368 :: (373156,Gene) :: ['glutathione S-transferase']


abstract: In the survey of l1,005 subjects in l3 villages of Che Ju lsland, 1,450 @entity1 were egg-positive by repeated sputum examinations. The response rate to intradermal test ranged 50-80% of the population and to sputum examination for skin positive 60-70% in the first survey done in l964. 93% of all egg-positive was treated with 40 mg/kg body weight of @entity9644 on alternate days for 10-15 doses in l965. Follow-up studies were carried out in one year, three-year, five-year, and eight year after the mass treatment. The one year follow-up study covered 86.5% of all treated cases in all villages but only a part of the population of a few villages in further follow-up studies. In this paper only the result obtained from the age group of 7-18 years, the common population studied in every follow-up for the purpose of comparison, is presented. Intermediate hosts of @entity9642 were examined at the same time. In one year follow-up it was found that 91% of egg-positive treated became negative. Three parameters, skin reaction, sputum examination, and @entity281 status of intermediate hosts by area and year were used for comparison. Skin positive rate showed gradual decrease with more marked drop in Kang Chung where more thorough survey and mass treatment (about 43% of all infected @entity1 estimated among whole population) were carried out than other areas (only 20-30%). The proportion of intermediate skin reation (60-100 mm(3) wheal size) increased markedly indicating @entity281 which corresponds to the dropped @entity281 rate and average number of metacercaria in crabs. Egg-positive rate in sputum examination done for skin positive reactors also presented similar pattern to skin reaction although it should be taken account that the result of 1964 was from repeated sputum examinations but that of other years from a single examination. Increased proportion of intermediate skin reaction which has much lower egg-positive rate probably played major role in decreased egg-positive rate. The @entity281 rate of snail started to drop about one year earlier than crab; crab @entity281 rate and intensity started to drop about four year after the mass treatment. The duration needed to show the change of @entity281 status in intermediate hosts after the mass chemotherapy may correspond to the duration of survival of the parasite in the intermediate hosts. With the data available presently, it is difficult to determine on what point of the curve the present status is situated (on decreasing phase or increasing phase?), how far the rate will go down if it is on decreasing phase, and how long would it take in returning to the original status without further management. The result of follow-up study, however, strongly indicate that continous and intense chemotherapy may be able to put the @entity9643 under control. Further follow-up study on total population including survey on changes of environment and eating habits is planned.

title: [A Follow-Up Study To Evaluate The Efficacy Of Mass Chemotherapy For Control Of XXXX ]

entities_list: @entity9643 :: ('MESH:D010237', 'Disease') :: ['paragonimiasis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['decreased dose of infection', 'infection']

entities_list: @entity9644 :: ('MESH:D001735', 'Chemical') :: ['bithionol']

answer: @entity9643 :: (MESH:D010237,Disease) :: ['Paragonimiasis']


abstract: PURPOSE: A fabricated mesh cage and/or posterior occipitocervical instrumentation alone has been used for reconstruction of @entity4037 of the upper cervical spine. However, using a trimmed mesh cage it was hard to achieve optimal clival screw purchase and it migrated or broke. A specific instrumentation at the craniovertebral junction (CVJ) should incorporate the morphology of the CVJ and biomechanical validation. The purpose of the present study was to develop an innovative clivus plate integrated with the clinical anatomy of CVJ and to evaluate the stability of the clivus plate fixation (CPF), stand-alone or combined with a posterior occipitocervical fixation (POCF). METHODS: Dimensions relevant to the clivus plate were measured on 40 adult dry bones and CT images of 30 @entity1 . The CPF was composed of the clivus plate and a titanium mesh cage. The clivus plate was anchored to the clivus, atlas and C3 body and connected to the mesh cage. Six fresh cadaveric head-neck specimens (Oc-C4) were used in this study (46      15  years old, 2  F/4  M). A continuous pure moment of     1.5  Nm was applied to the specimen in flexion, extension, lateral bending and @entity717 . The status of intact, CPF alone, and CPF plus POCF was tested on each specimen. The CPF was implanted to the specimen following resection of the C1 anterior arch, C2 vertebral body, C2-C3 disc and atlantoaxial ligaments. The POCF was applied with screws anchoring at the occiput, C1, C3 and C4. The range of motion (ROM) and neutral zone (NZ) from the occiput to C3 were calculated. RESULTS: The clivus plate was developed based on measurements of 40 adult dry bones and CT images of 30 @entity1 . The plates were successfully applied to all specimens. No obvious loosening or mismatch was observed. The mean clival length and widest and narrowest diameter of the clivus were 26, 33 and 19  mm, respectively. The clivus screw length was 8  mm for the caudal holes and 10  mm for the cephalad hole. The CPF reduced ROMs to 3.9   in flexion, 2.8   in extension, 4.2   in lateral bending and 6.8   in @entity717 . The combined CPF and POCF constrained motion within 0.6   in all directions and more than the CPF (P  <  0.05). NZs after the CPF were 1.0   in flexion-extension, 2.1   in lateral bending and 2.2   in @entity717 , respectively. NZs after the CPF plus POCF were within 0.2   in all directions and less than the CPF (P  <  0.05). CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated screw purchase in the adult clivus and developed an innovative clivus plate fixation for reconstructing an extensive @entity4037 in the upper cervical spine. The clivus plate fixation combined a posterior instrumentation ensuring reliable upper cervical stability.

title: A clivus plate fixation for reconstruction of XXXX of the craniovertebral junction: a novel fixation device for craniovertebral instability.

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['axial rotation']

entities_list: @entity4037 :: ('MESH:D006555', 'Disease') :: ['ventral defect']

answer: @entity4037 :: (MESH:D006555,Disease) :: ['ventral defect']


abstract: A recent epidemiological study showed that marijuana smoking was associated with an increased risk of @entity135 . Among high school students and young adults, the prevalence of marijuana use was on the rise in the 1990s, with a simultaneous decline in the perception that marijuana use is harmful. It will be a major public health challenge to make @entity1 aware of the harmful effects of marijuana smoking, when some @entity1 view it as the illicit drug with the least risk. The carcinogenicity of @entity839 ( @entity839 ) is not clear, but according to laboratory studies, it appears to have antitumor properties such as apoptosis as well as @entity5 -promoting properties such as limiting immune function and increasing reactive @entity26 species. @entity835 to tar from @entity286 cigarettes, but each marijuana cigarette maybe more harmful than a @entity286 cigarette since more tar is inhaled and retained when smoking marijuana. More molecular alterations have been observed in bronchial mucosa specimens of marijuana smokers compared to nonsmokers. Field cancerization may be occurring on the bronchial epithelium due to marijuana smoking exposure. Several case studies were suggestive of an association of marijuana smoking with @entity135 and @entity75 . However, in a cohort study with 8 years of follow-up, marijuana use was not associated with increased risks of all @entity5 or smoking-related @entity5 . Further epidemiological studies are necessary to confirm the association of marijuana smoking with @entity135 and to examine marijuana smoking as a risk factor for @entity2 . It will also be of interest to examine potential field cancerization of the upper aerodigestive tract by marijuana and to explore marijuana as a risk factor for oral @entity75 .

title: Marijuana smoking and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck cancer', 'head and neck cancers']

entities_list: @entity839 :: ('MESH:D013759', 'Chemical') :: ['delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol', 'THC']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancers']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['oral lesions', 'premalignant lesions']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity835 :: ('MESH:D002189', 'Disease') :: ['Marijuana tar contains similar carcinogens']

answer: @entity135 :: (MESH:D006258,Disease) :: ['head and neck cancer']


abstract: Rotational three-dimensional digital subtraction angiography (3D-DSA) is very useful for interventional neuroradiology, especially in the endovascular therapy of @entity438 . However, @entity850 artifact on the vessel, which runs vertically to the @entity717 , was observed clinically. In this study, this artifact was confirmed in an experiment with 4.5-millimeter diameter vessel phantoms. The attenuation of the phantom at each degree of exposure (44 directions) was measured on the workstation (DSA pixel value). DSA pixel values were plotted from data of 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 millimeter lengths, respectively. The saturated DSA pixel value of tangent projection on phantoms of 30 millimeters or more in length was observed. This phenomenon induces @entity850 artifact on 3D-DSA. The maximum reduction in the diameter of the phantom was 27.4% on the length of 50 millimeters. We confirmed that the two-dimensional data vertical to the @entity717 were inaccurate when a straight-coursed, long, segmented vessel was present. Under this special condition, vessels on 3D-DSA were displayed as smaller than their actual diameter.

title: [Experimental study of XXXX artifact on three-dimensional DSA].

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['rotational axis']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['pseudo-stenosis']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral aneurysms']

answer: @entity850 :: (MESH:D003251,Disease) :: ['pseudo-stenosis']


abstract: 1. Intracellular recordings were made from antidromically identified motoneurons in transverse (500 microns) lumbar spinal cord slices of neonatal (12-20 day) @entity35 . 2. Electrical stimulation of ventral rootlets evoked, with or without an antidromic spike or initial segment potential, a depolarizing response (latency, 1-4.2 ms), a hyperpolarizing response (latency, 1.5-3.5 ms), or a combination of two preceding responses in 38, 6, and 8% of motoneurons investigated. 3. The hyperpolarizing response was reversibly eliminated by low @entity141 (0.25 mM), @entity2899 ( @entity9856 ; 10 microM) or @entity1026 (1 microM), suggesting that this response represents an inhibitory post-synaptic potential (IPSP) mediated by @entity2228 or a related substance release from inhibitory interneurons subsequent to their activation by axon collaterals in a manner analogous to the Renshaw cell circuitry described for the cat motoneurons. 4. The depolarizing responses were excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs), because they could be graded by varying the stimulus intensity and were reversibly abolished in low @entity141 solution. 5. Membrane hyperpolarization increased the amplitude of EPSPs, and the mean extrapolated reversal potential was -4 mV. 6. EPSPs were augmented, rather than diminished, by @entity6325 (1 microM) or @entity9856 , arguing against a role of recurrent motor axon collaterals in initiating the responses. 7. The conduction velocity of the fibers initiating the EPSPs ranged from 0.35 to 0.96 m/s, indicating that these fibers were unmyelinated. Furthermore, the EPSP exhibited a constant delay when the stimulus frequency was varied from 1 to 5 Hz, and the synaptic delay estimated by extrapolation was less than 1 ms, suggesting that it was a monosynaptic event. 8. After complete separation of the ventral and dorsal horns by a knife cut, stimulation of ventral rootlets could still evoke an EPSP in motoneurons. 9. Superfusion of the slices with the nonselective @entity2227 receptor antagonist @entity5373 (0.2-1 mM) or the selective @entity14425 / @entity4176 receptor antagonist @entity10639 ( @entity10639 ) (0.5-1 microM) reversibly diminished the EPSPs. 10. EPSPs evoked by stimulation of dorsal and ventral rootlets exhibited different latency and waveform in the same motoneurons. 11. The results provide evidence that activation of ventral root afferents evoked an EPSP mediated by @entity2227 or a related substance in a population of motoneurons. Furthermore, the afferent pathway mediating the EPSP appears to be monosynaptic and confined to the ventral horn.

title: Excitatory postsynaptic potentials evoked by ventral root stimulation in neonate XXXX motoneurons in vitro.

entities_list: @entity1026 :: ('MESH:D013331', 'Chemical') :: ['strychnine']

entities_list: @entity2227 :: ('CHEBI:29987', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamate']

entities_list: @entity14425 :: ('MESH:D016318', 'Chemical') :: ['quisqualate']

entities_list: @entity2228 :: ('CHEBI:57305', 'Chemical') :: ['glycine']

entities_list: @entity10639 :: ('MESH:C056723', 'Chemical') :: ['6,7-dinitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione', 'DNQX']

entities_list: @entity6325 :: ('MESH:D004079', 'Chemical') :: ['dihydro-beta-erythroidine']

entities_list: @entity2899 :: ('MESH:D014403', 'Chemical') :: ['d-tubocurarine']

entities_list: @entity5373 :: ('MESH:D007736', 'Chemical') :: ['kynurenic acid']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: Thirteen wild-caught @entity4325 ( @entity4325 ) from two different holding sites were chemically immobilized to facilitate capture, processing, and translocation to a new facility. The deer were divided into two treatment groups on the basis of age and received i.m. injections of the immobilizing agents via remote drug delivery systems. Group 1 (<1 yr old; n = 6) animals were immobilized with a combination of @entity4763 1 mg/kg i.m. and @entity46136 0.3 mg/kg i.m. At the end of the procedure the deer received @entity27662 1 mg/kg i.m. and (to antagonize the @entity4763 ) @entity6116 2 mg/kg i.m. Group 2 (>1 yr old; n = 7) deer were administered @entity4763 1 mg/kg i.m.. @entity25170 - @entity25171 1 mg/kg i.m., and @entity3652 1 mg/kg i.m. The deer in this group received a combination of @entity46136 0.3 mg/kg i.m. and @entity27662 1 mg/kg i.m. before reversal with @entity6116 2 mg/kg i.m. All deer were recovered in a trailer before being moved in small groups to the new facility and released into the new enclosures. @entity46136 and @entity27662 provided short- and long-term relief from @entity148 and allowed the animals to gradually become familiar with their new surroundings without excitement, injuries, or mortalities. Two deer exhibited mild signs of extrapyramidal side effects, which suggests that they may have received a relative @entity1445 of the tranquilizers.

title: Use of @entity46136 and XXXX to facilitate translocation of @entity4325 ( @entity4325 ).

entities_list: @entity6116 :: ('MESH:D014043', 'Chemical') :: ['tolazoline']

entities_list: @entity3652 :: ('MESH:D007649', 'Chemical') :: ['ketamine']

entities_list: @entity4763 :: ('MESH:D014991', 'Chemical') :: ['xylazine']

entities_list: @entity25170 :: ('MESH:D013992', 'Chemical') :: ['tiletamine']

entities_list: @entity27662 :: ('MESH:C060342', 'Chemical') :: ['zuclopenthixol acetate']

entities_list: @entity25171 :: ('MESH:D015041', 'Chemical') :: ['zolazepam']

entities_list: @entity4325 :: ('9874', 'Species') :: ['white-tailed deer', 'Odocoileus virginianus']

entities_list: @entity46136 :: ('MESH:D001376', 'Chemical') :: ['Azaperone', 'azaperone']

answer: @entity27662 :: (MESH:C060342,Chemical) :: ['zuclopenthixol acetate']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Emerging neuroscientific and genetic findings emphasize the dimensional rather than the categorical aspects of @entity146 . However, the integration of dimensional approaches within the current categorical diagnostic framework remains unclear. Here, we used resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging to examine whether dimensional measures of psychiatric symptomatology capture brain-behavior relationships unaccounted for by categorical diagnoses. Additionally, we examined whether dimensional brain-behavior relationships are modified by the presence of a categorically defined illness, @entity71 ( @entity71 ). METHODS: Resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans were collected from 37 typically developing @entity1 (aged 10.2    2; 21 female subjects) and 37 @entity1 meeting DSM-IV Text Revision criteria for @entity71 (9.7    2; 11 female subjects). Parent-rated @entity1 Behavior Checklist Externalizing and Internalizing scores served as dimensional measures in our analyses of default network (DN) resting state functional connectivity (RSFC). RESULTS: Regardless of diagnosis, we observed several significant relationships between DN RSFC and both internalizing and externalizing scores. Increased internalizing scores were associated with stronger positive intra-DN RSFC, while increased externalizing scores were associated with reduced negative RSFC between DN and task-positive regions such as dorsal anterior cingulate cortex. Several of these brain-behavior relationships differed depending on the categorical presence of @entity71 . CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that while categorical diagnostic boundaries provide an inadequate basis for understanding the pathophysiology of @entity146 , @entity146 cannot be viewed simply as an extreme of typical neural or behavioral function. Efforts to understand the neural underpinnings of @entity146 should incorporate both categorical and dimensional clinical assessments.

title: Dimensional brain-behavior relationships in XXXX with @entity71 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Child', 'children']

entities_list: @entity71 :: ('MESH:D001289', 'Disease') :: ['ADHD', 'attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric disorders', 'psychiatric illness']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: Several side effects of @entity4020 ( @entity4020 ) therapy have been described. Pulmonary side effects have seldom been reported. The four @entity1 we describe all developed @entity1576 while being treated with @entity4020 for @entity1583 . We point out the similarities and differences noticed concerning the clinical course, pathological findings, and prognosis in the four different cases. Also, in addition to our review of the literature, we discuss the possible mechanisms involved in development of lung symptoms. In three @entity1 the @entity358 seems to have been caused by a cell-mediated immunological side effect in the form of @entity401 . In one @entity1 the symptoms were most likely caused by an autoimmunologic reaction, primarily engaging the vascular system, initially in the lungs. The single pathological finding existing in all four cases was the marked decrease in @entity1223 diffusion capacity when performing spirometry. This was not necessarily associated with the existence of radiological findings. The decrease in diffusion capacity and the clinical symptoms were completely reversible in three of the @entity1 , either spontaneously after the withdrawal of @entity4020 or after treatment with @entity288 . Our conclusion is that @entity4020 , on rare occasions, can cause serious pulmonary side effects when used to treat both lympho- and myeloproliferative @entity1583 . When @entity358 are evaluated during @entity4020 therapy, spirometry, including estimation of @entity1223 diffusion capacity, high-resolution computerized tomography, and ultracardiography should be used.

title: Pulmonary side effects of interferon-alpha therapy in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity401 :: ('MESH:D017563', 'Disease') :: ['interstitial pneumonitis']

entities_list: @entity1223 :: ('MESH:D002248', 'Chemical') :: ['carbon monoxide']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary disorder', 'pulmonary symptoms']

entities_list: @entity1583 :: ('MESH:D019337', 'Disease') :: ['hematological malignancies']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory disorders']

entities_list: @entity4020 :: ('3440', 'Gene') :: ['IFN-alpha', 'interferon-alpha-2b']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity1583 :: (MESH:D019337,Disease) :: ['hematological malignancies']


abstract: Although the important roles of postquit affect and @entity3347 in the process of smoking cessation have been well established, little is known about the relations between prequit affective trajectories and cessation outcome on the target quit date (TQD). This study examined whether a 16-week course of @entity905 initiated 8 weeks prequit ("sequential" @entity905 ) improved TQD abstinence relative to placebo through its effects on prequit depressive symptoms, affect (withdrawal-relevant negative affect, general negative affect, and positive affect), and craving to smoke among 206 smokers with elevated @entity308 . The moderating effects of gender were also examined. In total, 83 smokers (40%) failed to achieve abstinence on TQD, with no difference between treatment conditions or gender. Overall structural equation models showed that @entity905 had significant indirect effects on TQD abstinence through changes in prequit withdrawal-relevant negative affect and craving, but not depressive symptoms. However, multigroup analyses revealed gender differences. Sequential @entity905 reduced prequit depressive symptoms, withdrawal-relevant negative affect, and craving only among @entity1 . Reduction in prequit depressive symptoms and craving among @entity1 , and withdrawal-relevant negative affect among @entity1 was associated with TQD abstinence. Moreover, exploratory analysis showed negative trend-level indirect effects of @entity905 on TQD abstinence via increased side effects, regardless of gender. This study demonstrated the importance of considering gender when examining treatment efficacy. Identifying ways to further reduce prequit depressive symptoms and craving for @entity1 and withdrawal-relevant negative affect for @entity1 whereas alleviating side effects may help smokers with elevated @entity308 achieve the first smoking cessation milestone. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2014 APA, all rights reserved).

title: Effects of sequential @entity905 and gender on prequit depressive symptoms, affect, craving, and quit day abstinence in smokers with XXXX : A growth curve modeling approach.

entities_list: @entity3347 :: ('MESH:D013375', 'Disease') :: ['withdrawal symptoms']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressed symptoms']

entities_list: @entity905 :: ('MESH:D005473', 'Chemical') :: ['fluoxetine']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['elevated depressive symptoms']


abstract: @entity6926 is a disease in which fragile bones readily cause @entity174 . @entity340 concurrently develops. However, the surgery-related mortality rate is approximately 30%. In this study, we report 2 @entity1 with @entity6926 who underwent valvular heart surgery. @entity1 1 was a 31-year-old male. He had previously been diagnosed as having @entity6926 . Echocardiography suggested @entity337 , and aortic valve replacement was performed. @entity1 2 was a 59-year-old male. During admission, @entity6926 was diagnosed. Echocardiography suggested @entity339 , and mitral valve plasty was performed. In the 2 @entity1 , intraoperative @entity548 was marked. However, there were no fatal complications. We also reviewed the literature.

title: [Valvular heart surgery in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity339 :: ('MESH:D008944', 'Disease') :: ['mitral valve insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity337 :: ('MESH:D001022', 'Disease') :: ['aortic valve insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity340 :: ('MESH:D006349', 'Disease') :: ['Valvular disease']

entities_list: @entity6926 :: ('MESH:D010013', 'Disease') :: ['osteogenesis imperfecta', 'Osteogenesis imperfecta']

answer: @entity6926 :: (MESH:D010013,Disease) :: ['osteogenesis imperfecta']


abstract: RATIONALE, AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: Achieving control over elevated lipid parameters, particularly low-density lipoprotein (LDL)- @entity165 , is an acknowledged quality indicator in primary care. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)'s model for investigation of outbreaks ( @entity1 -place-time) can be applied to the analysis of quality indicators. METHODS: A sample of 322 family medicine @entity1 for whom lipid levels were ordered was extracted. LDL   >   100   mg/dL was cross-tabulated by personal characteristics [age group, gender, body mass index (BMI), diagnoses], month (time) and ordering department (place). RESULTS: Age (except one age category), gender, time and location were not related to LDL   >   100   mg/dL after adjustment for covariates. All levels of BMI above normal elevated the risk of LDL   >   100   mg/dL [BMI 25-29.9: odds ratio (OR)   =   3.41, confidence interval (CI)   =   1.61-7.23, P   =   0.0014; BMI 30-34.9: OR   =   2.93, CI   =   1.28-6.70, P   =   0.0109; BMI   >=    35: OR   =   2.75, CI   =   1.19-6.37, P   =   0.0181]. @entity1 with @entity453 ( @entity453 ) and @entity6 ( @entity6 ) were at reduced risk for LDL   >   100   mg/dL ( @entity453 : OR   =   0.47, CI   =   0.24-0.91, P   =   0.0254; @entity6 : OR   =   0.28, CI   =   0.14-0.55, P   =   0.0002). CONCLUSION: An outbreak investigation model is useful for analysing variations in this quality indicator. @entity1 with higher BMI and those not diagnosed with @entity453 or @entity6 type I/II may be considered for intensified lipid lowering using quality improvement efforts. These might include counselling for lifestyle changes or medication therapy depending upon their calculated cardiac risk.

title: Low-density lipoprotein- XXXX (LDL-C) greater than 100   mg/dL as a quality indicator: locating risk in @entity1 , place and time.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'person']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['CAD', 'coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['DM', 'diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity165 :: (MESH:D002784,Chemical) :: ['cholesterol']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Fatigue is a debilitating and highly prevalent symptom in @entity1 with @entity712 (HF) possibly complicating HF self-care behaviour which is crucial for maintaining health. AIMS: The purpose of this study was to examine whether general and exertion @entity1295 are distinctively associated with self-care in @entity1 with chronic HF. METHODS: In total, 545 outpatients with chronic HF (mean age=66.2 years; 75% male) completed measures of general @entity1295 (i.e. a sustained sense of exhaustion including mental efforts), exertion @entity1295 (i.e. @entity1295 directly related to physical activity), sleep problems, mood symptoms and HF self-care behaviour at baseline, 12-, and 18-month follow-up. RESULTS: Linear mixed modelling results showed that general and exertion @entity1295 were significantly associated with poor HF self-care (estimate=0.10, p=0.004; estimate=0.06, p=0.01, respectively) and poor consulting behaviour (estimate=0.05, p=0.04; estimate=0.04, p=0.007, respectively) over time, independent of sleep and mood problems, and other clinical covariates. Exertion @entity1295 was associated with @entity4940 . CONCLUSION: This is the first prospective study demonstrating that general and exertion @entity1295 were both associated with poor HF self-care, which could not be explained by sleep problems or mood symptoms, and was independent of clinical indicators of disease severity. @entity1295 may improve HF self-care skills and ultimately quality of life and cardiovascular outcomes. Further research is needed to examine this potential causal relationship.

title: Fatigue and self-care in XXXX with @entity712 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['chronic heart failure']

entities_list: @entity1295 :: ('MESH:D005221', 'Disease') :: ['Treatment of fatigue problems', 'fatigue']

entities_list: @entity4940 :: ('MESH:D017034', 'Disease') :: ['supplementary determinants']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Primary sclerosing @entity255 is a rare @entity409 which is mainly diagnosed in adults. This chronic progressive disease, characterised by @entity32 , @entity82 and strictures of the intra- and extrahepatic bile ducts, leads to @entity82 . There is a strong association between @entity991 and @entity29 ( @entity29 ). CASE DESCRIPTION: A 10-year-old @entity1 presented at the accident and emergency department with fever, episodes of @entity490 , @entity390 , @entity391 , fatigue and @entity382 . Blood tests, pathology investigations, liver biopsy and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) led to the diagnosis of @entity991 . The @entity1 was treated with @entity10055 and later, because of unbearable itching, sequentially with @entity3303 3% ointment, @entity1215 , an endoprosthesis in the common bile duct and glucocorticoids. One year later he returned to the paediatrician with @entity490 and bloody @entity294 . Endoscopy revealed features of indeterminate @entity1960 . Remission of the disease was achieved quickly after treatment with @entity2983 . CONCLUSION: Primary sclerosing @entity255 can develop in childhood and is often associated with @entity29 .

title: [A @entity1 with XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis', 'cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity2983 :: ('MESH:D019804', 'Chemical') :: ['mesalazine']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhoea']

entities_list: @entity991 :: ('MESH:D015209', 'Disease') :: ['primary sclerosing cholangitis']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver disease']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel disease', 'IBD']

entities_list: @entity3303 :: ('MESH:D008012', 'Chemical') :: ['lidocaine']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity382 :: ('MESH:D006529', 'Disease') :: ['hepatomegaly']

entities_list: @entity1215 :: ('MESH:D012293', 'Chemical') :: ['rifampicin']

entities_list: @entity255 :: ('MESH:D002761', 'Disease') :: ['cholangitis']

entities_list: @entity10055 :: ('MESH:D014580', 'Chemical') :: ['ursodeoxycholic acid']

answer: @entity991 :: (MESH:D015209,Disease) :: ['primary sclerosing cholangitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Different types of splints have been used as a conservative intervention to improve symptoms in @entity1 with @entity923 ( @entity923 ). Although a number of studies have been undertaken to compare different splints, information and understanding of the influence of these interventions are lacking. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of a classic thermoplastic wrist splint or a wrist splint with an additional metacarpophalangeal unit on @entity158 , function, grip strength, and pinch strength in @entity1 with mild-to-moderate @entity923 . STUDY DESIGN: Quasi experimental design. METHODS: A total of 24 @entity1 received conservative treatment using either the classic wrist splint or the wrist splint with the metacarpophalangeal unit for a period of 6   weeks. Primary outcome measures were @entity158 , function, grip strength, and pinch strength. Data were collected immediately before and after using the two types of splints at baseline (0   weeks) and 6   weeks. Statistical analysis was performed using the paired t-test and an independent t-test. RESULTS: Compared to baseline, both the classic thermoplastic wrist splint and the wrist splint with a metacarpophalangeal unit significantly decreased @entity158 and increased function, pinch strength, and grip strength. Comparisons of the two types of splints for grip strength (P   =   0.675) and pinch strength (P   =   0.650) revealed that there were no significant differences between the two after 6   weeks of wear. However, there were significant differences in @entity158 levels (P   =   0.022) and the Disability of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand score (P   =   0.027) between the two types of splints from baseline to 6   weeks. CONCLUSION: The wrist splint with a metacarpophalangeal unit was more effective than the classic thermoplastic wrist splint in @entity158 reduction and improvement of function. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: A wrist splint with a metacarpophalangeal unit may be an appropriate conservative treatment in the rehabilitation of @entity1 with mild-to-moderate @entity923 .

title: Comparison of the efficacy of a neutral wrist splint and a wrist splint incorporating a lumbrical unit for the treatment of XXXX with @entity923 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity923 :: ('MESH:D002349', 'Disease') :: ['CTS', 'carpal tunnel syndrome', 'Carpal tunnel syndrome']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: The application of immunohistochemical markers against epithelial antigens has proved useful for studying @entity5 differentiation and in aiding @entity5 diagnosis. However, the reactivity of various epithelial markers with poorly differentiated @entity189 (the situation in which they are most often used) has not been well established. As a result, it is unclear how negative results should be interpreted and how often more than one antibody may be needed to document the epithelial nature of poorly differentiated @entity5 . We studied 98 poorly differentiated @entity5 with @entity1325 , CAM 5.2, and @entity10208 to assess the use of these markers in their diagnosis. Both CAM 5.2 and @entity10208 provided support for epithelial differentiation in 71% (70/98) of the cases, while @entity1325 stained 50% (49/98) of the @entity5 ; CAM 5.2 was the single most useful marker in the subset of poorly differentiated @entity3270 , staining 20 (77%) of 26 @entity5 . Use of these markers in pairs increased the recognition of epithelial differentiation (at least one marker showing positive staining) as follows: @entity1325 /CAM 5.2, 80% (78/98); @entity1325 / @entity10208 , 87% (85/98); and CAM 5.2/ @entity10208 , 99% (97/98). Thirty @entity189 stained with all three markers, 34 with two markers, and in 34 cases only one antibody supported epithelial differentiation. Twelve (21%) of 58 @entity5 showed evidence of S100 reactivity. None of the 71 cases to which PD7 was applied showed staining This study indicates that poorly differentiated @entity189 are heterogeneous in their expression of antigens recognized by @entity1325 , CAM 5.2, and @entity10208 . Moreover, these results quantitate the probability of reactivity with poorly differentiated @entity189 for each marker and support the use of one or more antibodies in a "backup" panel when a negative result is obtained with a single antibody and the diagnosis of @entity189 is still suspected.

title: Heterogeneity of epithelial marker expression in routinely processed, poorly differentiated XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'epithelial tumors', 'tumors', 'neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomas', 'carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3270 :: ('MESH:D018278', 'Disease') :: ['neuroendocrine carcinomas']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['carcinomas']


abstract: Hormonal contraception with a combination of a GnRH-agonist ( @entity7458 ) and @entity1420 was achieved in 47 high risk @entity1 in 547 cycles. In these @entity1 , oral contraceptives were contraindicated because of severe @entity65 , @entity1031 , @entity5 , advanced @entity6 , @entity177 and severe @entity2704 . @entity7458 was administered intranasally in one daily dose of 300-400 micrograms from the 1st day to the 21st day, one dose of 100 mg of @entity1420 was given intravaginally daily from the 12th day to the 21st day. Under these conditions, average E2 concentrations were found in the range of 50-60 pg/ml. The discontinuation of @entity1420 replacement resulted in @entity548 . Cycle control was acceptable. In 4 cases, this contraceptive regimen had to be discontinued because of side effects or paradox reactions. One @entity1 conceived. In conclusion, @entity1176 -analogues in a moderate dose can be used to inhibit ovulation without inhibiting follicular maturation and adequate @entity2931 production. This costly regimen of contraception requires strict indication and careful monitoring.

title: [Contraception by cyclic treatment with @entity7458 and XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity7458 :: ('MESH:D002064', 'Chemical') :: ['Buserelin']

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone', 'Progesterone']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['benign liver tumours']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['withdrawal bleeding']

entities_list: @entity2931 :: ('CHEBI:50114', 'Chemical') :: ['oestrogen']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['terminal kidney insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['thromboembolic complications']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular diseases']

answer: @entity1420 :: (MESH:D011374,Chemical) :: ['progesterone']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIM: Recent studies have revealed aquaporins (AQPs) as targets for novel anti- @entity5 therapy since they are likely to play a role in carcinogenesis, @entity5 progression and invasion. Accordingly, we analyzed the prognostic impact of @entity18810 expression and polymorphisms in a number of @entity1 with early @entity0 (EBC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity18810 expression was investigated on the basis of the immunohistochemistry of tissue microarray specimens from 447 EBC @entity1 who underwent surgery between 2003 and 2008. We scored the staining intensity (0 through 3) and percentage of positive @entity5 cells (0 through 4); the staining score was defined as sum of these scores used to categorize the @entity18810 expression as negative (0 through 2), weak (3 through 5) or strong (6 or more). For @entity18810 polymorphisms, seven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) ( @entity66598 , @entity66599 , @entity66600 , @entity66601 , @entity66602 , @entity66603 and @entity66604 ) were selected using in silico analysis and genotyped using the Sequenom MassARRAY. RESULTS: A total of 180 (40.3%) @entity1 were identified as @entity18810 -positive (staining score >2), including 86 (19.2%) cases of strong expression (stating score >5). In a univariate analysis, @entity18810 expression was significantly associated with survival for the @entity1 with @entity1722 -over-expressing EBC. Moreover, a multivariate survival analysis revealed that @entity18810 expression was an independent prognostic marker of disease-free survival (DFS): hazard ratio (HR)=3.137, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.079-9.125, p=0.036; distant DFS (DDFS): HR=2.784, 95%CI=0.921-8.414, p=0.070, for the @entity1722 -over-expressing EBC @entity1 . Meanwhile, none of selected @entity18810 polymorphisms were related to @entity18810 expression in @entity5 tissue or survival in the current study. CONCLUSION: @entity18810 expression in @entity5 tissue may be considered as a potential prognostic marker in @entity1 with @entity1722 -over-expressing EBC after curative surgery.

title: Aquaporin 3 Expression Predicts Survival in @entity1 with @entity1722 -positive Early XXXX .

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['Breast Cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: In the present study, gene expression profiles of @entity2784 ( @entity2784 ) and @entity957 (CSCC) were analyzed using bioinformatic tools to identify key genes and potential biomarkers. Analyses of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were performed for @entity2784 vs. normal control and invasive CSCC vs. normal control tissues using the Limma package in  R. Pathway enrichment analysis was performed using @entity5420 . A protein  -protein interaction (PPI) network for the DEGs in invasive CSCC was constructed using String. Functional enrichment analysis was performed for the DEGs in the PPI network using DAVID. Relevant small molecules were predicted using Cmap. A total of 633 and 881 DEGs were identified in @entity2784 and invasive CSCC, respectively, and the two groups had 305 DEGs in common. Genes associated with the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway were enriched in the @entity2784 , while cell cycle-associated genes were over  -represented in invasive CSCC. The PPI network, containing 72  upregulated genes and 434 edges, was illustrated. Functional enrichment analysis showed that the cell cycle was the most significant gene ontology term. A total of six small molecules associated with the pathology of CSCC were identified, including the anti- @entity5 drug @entity67056 , which showed a negative correlation. The findings of the present study not only enhanced the current understanding of the pathogenesis of CSCC, but may also be a basis for the development of novel therapies.

title: Screening of biomarkers in cervical XXXX via gene expression profiling.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['invasive cervical squamous cell carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity67056 :: ('MESH:C498077', 'Chemical') :: ['piperlongumine']

entities_list: @entity2784 :: ('MESH:D065310', 'Disease') :: ['high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions', 'HSIL']

answer: @entity957 :: (MESH:D002294,Disease) :: ['squamous cell carcinomas']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: In @entity1000 ( @entity384 ), @entity296 and their relationships remain incompletely characterized. We measured those parameters in @entity1 with @entity384 , during left ventricular reverse remodeling (LVRR). Prospective study of 50 @entity384 @entity1 (in sinus rhythm), with left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) <40%. LVRR was defined as an increase of ten units of EF and decrease of diastolic left ventricular diameter (LVDD) in the absence of resynchronization therapy. Performed morphological analysis, myocardial performance quantification (LV and RV Tei indexes) and LV averaged peak systolic longitudinal strain (SSR long) and circumferential strain (SSR circ). At baseline, mean EF was 25.4        9.8%, LVDD was 62.4        7.4  mm, LVDD/BSA of 34.2        4.5  mm/m(2) and 34% had MR grade >II/IV. LVRR occurred in 34% of @entity1 within 17.6        15.6 months and was associated with a reduced rate of death or @entity712 hospitalization (5.9% vs. 33.3; p   =   0.03). @entity1 with LVRR had a final EF of 48.9        7.9% (   LV EF of 22.4%) and there was a significant decrease (p   <   0.05) in: LVDD/BSA, LV systolic diameter/BSA, LV diastolic volume, LV systolic volume, LV mass; an increase (p   <   0.05) in sphericity index. However, measures of diastolic function (LA volume/BSA, e'velocity and' E/e'ratio), final LV and RV Tei indexes were not significantly different from baseline. Additionally, final SSR circ and SSR long values were not different from basal. @entity1 who recovered EF >50% (n   =   10), SSR circ and SSR long were inferior to normal. Improvement in EF occurred in one-third of @entity384 pts and was associated with a decrease of major @entity299 . There was an improvement of diastolic and systolic volumes and in sphericity index, confirming truly LV reverse reshaping. However, myocardial performance indexes, SSR long and SSR circ in reverse-remodeled @entity384 were still abnormal, suggesting a maintained myocardial systolic and @entity67 .

title: Left ventricular reverse remodeling in XXXX - maintained @entity296 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial deformational parameters']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity1000 :: ('MESH:C536277', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac events']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['diastolic dysfunction']

answer: @entity384 :: (MESH:D002311,Disease) :: ['dilated cardiomyopathy']


abstract: Conventional follow-up of @entity1 with @entity694 will at best only identify symptomatic lesions and those visible with a sigmoidoscope, and will therefore fail to identify new malignant lesions in time for effective treatment. In 1980 we began a prospective study of the efficacy and feasibility of replacing conventional outpatient follow-up with annual colonoscopic surveillance. One hundred and fifty-eight @entity1 , attending one surgeon, have been entered: 74 @entity1 who had a curative resection for @entity14 and 84 @entity1 who had endoscopic or local resection of an @entity652 . In the @entity189 group (mean follow-up 4.3 years, range 1-21), 40 of 237 colonoscopies were positive (17%) in 27 @entity1 (36%). Forty-eight @entity1127 were removed endoscopically and two asymptomatic recurrent @entity189 identified. In the @entity6523 group (mean follow-up 4 years, range 1-11), 40 of 252 colonoscopies were positive (16%) in 29 @entity1 (34%). Fifty @entity1127 were removed endoscopically, including two which had become malignant. All @entity1 were also screened by Haemoccult stool testing, in the hope that it would identify these lesions and allow the frequency of colonoscopy to be reduced. Unfortunately, Haemoccult testing failed to identify many lesions, including one @entity189 and one malignant polyp. Our experience suggests that colonoscopic follow-up of all @entity1 with @entity694 attending one surgeon is a feasible exercise which can and should replace outpatient appointments for clinical examination.

title: The value of colonoscopic surveillance following a diagnosis of @entity14 or XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomas', 'carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity6523 :: ('MESH:D018256', 'Disease') :: ['adenomatous polyp']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colonic neoplasia']

answer: @entity6523 :: (MESH:D018256,Disease) :: ['adenomatous polyp']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) is regarded as the gold standard surgical treatment for @entity1067 ( @entity1067 ). The completeness of TURP may be assessed indirectly by estimation of the weight of glandular tissue removed. This parameter is often lower than expected. Tissue vaporisation in the course of TURP could be a contributory cause. AIM: To quantitatively evaluate tissue vaporisation occurring in the course of transurethral resection of the prostate and electrovaporisation of the prostate (EVAP) performed under experimental conditions. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study was performed on 26 prostate glands removed during retropubic prostatectomy. Immediately following surgery all @entity652 were halved and TURP or EVAP were carried out on both halves of each gland for period of 5 min. The amount of prostate tissue which vaporised during EVAP and TURP were calculated. RESULTS: The mean weight (   standard deviation) of the @entity652 lost due to resection and vaporisation in the TURP group was 10.00   2.92 g and 4.26   1.59 g, respectively. The latter accounted for 30.10   7.71% of total prostate @entity353 . The mean prostate weight lost in the course of EVAP was 5.03   1.58 g. CONCLUSIONS: The vaporisation significantly contributes to the prostate tissue loss occurring during transurethral resection of the prostate.

title: Determination of prostate @entity652 XXXX due to vaporisation process occurring during transurethral resection of the prostate.

entities_list: @entity1067 :: ('MESH:D011470', 'Disease') :: ['benign prostatic hyperplasia', 'BPH']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['adenomas', 'adenoma']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight reduction']

answer: @entity353 :: (MESH:D015431,Disease) :: ['weight reduction']


abstract: @entity5 are @entity5 that range from low-grade typical @entity4303 to @entity146 and therefore demonstrate a wide spectrum of clinical behaviors and histologic features. Typical and atypical @entity4303 have similar imaging features. Because most @entity4303 are located in central airways, radiologic findings are usually related to @entity2488 . Central @entity4303 manifest as an endobronchial nodule or hilar or perihilar mass with a close anatomic relationship to the bronchus. The mass is usually a well-defined, round or ovoid lesion and may be slightly lobulated at radiography and computed tomography (CT). Associated @entity891 , air trapping, obstructing @entity55 , and @entity3355 may also be seen. Peripheral @entity4303 appear as solitary nodules. Calcification is common and is easily visualized at CT. @entity4303 demonstrate high signal intensity on T2-weighted and short-inversion-time inversion recovery magnetic resonance images. Prognosis of @entity4303 is highly dependent on histologic findings: Atypical @entity4303 have certain features that suggest a more aggressive nature. Typical @entity4303 generally have an excellent prognosis, whereas atypical @entity4303 have a worse prognosis. Therefore, understanding the histologic, clinical, and radiologic features of @entity4303 facilitates accurate diagnosis and helps optimize surgical planning.

title: XXXX of the thorax: spectrum of radiologic findings.

entities_list: @entity2488 :: ('MESH:D001982', 'Disease') :: ['bronchial obstruction']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Bronchial carcinoid tumors', 'neuroendocrine neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['more aggressive atypical carcinoids']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonitis']

entities_list: @entity3355 :: ('MESH:D014095', 'Disease') :: ['mucoid impaction']

entities_list: @entity891 :: ('MESH:D001261', 'Disease') :: ['atelectasis']

entities_list: @entity4303 :: ('MESH:D002276', 'Disease') :: ['bronchial carcinoids', 'Bronchial carcinoids', 'carcinoids']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Bronchial carcinoid tumors']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Xenotransplantation has been proposed as a solution to the shortage of suitable @entity1 donors for transplantation and @entity1707 are currently favoured as donor animals. However, xenotransplantation may be associated with the transmission of zoonotic microorganisms. Whereas most porcine microorganisms representing a risk for the @entity1 recipient may be eliminated by designated pathogen free breeding, multiple copies of porcine endogenous retroviruses (PERVs) are integrated in the genome of all @entity1707 and cannot be eliminated this way. PERVs are released as infectious particles and infect @entity1 cells. The @entity219 finger nuclease (ZFN) technology allows knocking out specifically cellular genes, however it was not yet used to eliminate multiple integrated proviral sequences with a strong conservation in the target sequence. To reduce the risk of horizontal PERV transmission and to knock out as many as possible proviruses, for the first time the powerful tool of the ZFN technology was used. ZFN were designed to bind specifically to sequences conserved in all known replication-competent proviruses. Expression and transport of the ZFN into the nucleus was shown by Western blot analysis, co-localisation analysis, PLA and FRET. Survival of transfected cells was analysed using fluorescent ZFN and cell counting. After transfection a strong expression of the ZFN proteins and a co-localisation of the expressed ZFN proteins were shown. However, expression of the ZFN was found to be extremely toxic for the transfected cells. The induced @entity137 was likely due to the specific cutting of the high copy number of the PERV proviruses, which is also commonly observed when ZFN with low specificity cleave numerous off-target sites in a genome. This is the first attempt to knock out multiple, nearly identical, genes in a cellular genome using ZFN. The attempt failed, and other strategies should be used to prevent PERV transmission.

title: Cytotoxic Effects during Knock Out of Multiple Porcine Endogenous Retrovirus (PERV) Sequences in the @entity1707 Genome by XXXX Finger Nucleases (ZFN).

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxicity']

answer: @entity219 :: (MESH:D015032,Chemical) :: ['Zinc']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVES: We described the features seen on serial high-resolution CT scans of @entity401 ( @entity401 ) that was associated with @entity6558 ( @entity6558 ) and @entity6017 ( @entity6017 ), and we correlated the changes in the CT scan findings with those of pulmonary function test results. DESIGN, SETTING AND @entity1 : Serial CT scans of 14 @entity1 with histologically proven @entity401 and @entity6558 / @entity6017 from two university hospitals were evaluated retrospectively (follow-up period, 3 to 61 months; mean follow-up period, 27.6 months). Using initial and follow-up CT scan findings, the extent of each type of opacity and the total area of increased opacity were calculated and correlated with the results of pulmonary function tests. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: The predominant findings on the initial CT scans were of reticular and/or ground-glass opacities with or without consolidation. Reticular and ground-glass opacities predominated in the lower zone of each lung, and consolidation predominated at the lung periphery. Thirteen @entity1 showed significant improvement of the total area of increased opacity (p < 0.05), and this decrease in extent inversely correlated with changes in FVC (r = -0.650; p = 0.031). Ground-glass and @entity231 also were improved significantly in 11 and 13 @entity1 , respectively. The decrease in the extent of ground-glass opacity correlated inversely with the changes in FVC (r = -0.758; p = 0.0119) and diffusion capacity for @entity1223 (r = -0.669; p = 0.0448). In one @entity1 , ground-glass opacity progressed, and @entity204 occurred after 3 months. Traction @entity4595 was seen in 12 @entity1 , and it improved in four @entity1 after treatment. @entity358 was not noted in any @entity1 during follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: With treatment, serial CT scans of @entity6558 / @entity6017 @entity1 with @entity401 showed significant improvement in the abnormal opacities, and radiographic progression of @entity82 was limited. The CT scan features and clinical course of @entity401 in @entity6558 / @entity6017 @entity1 were relatively uniform, and this constitutes a subset of @entity401 .

title: Nonspecific @entity401 associated with @entity6558 and XXXX : serial high-resolution CT findings and functional correlation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['lung fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity6017 :: ('MESH:D003882', 'Disease') :: ['dermatomyositis', 'DM']

entities_list: @entity1223 :: ('MESH:D002248', 'Chemical') :: ['carbon monoxide']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['reticular opacities']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['Honeycomb lung']

entities_list: @entity4595 :: ('MESH:D001987', 'Disease') :: ['bronchiectasis']

entities_list: @entity401 :: ('MESH:D017563', 'Disease') :: ['nonspecific interstitial pneumonia', 'NSIP']

entities_list: @entity6558 :: ('MESH:D017285', 'Disease') :: ['PM', 'polymyositis']

answer: @entity6017 :: (MESH:D003882,Disease) :: ['dermatomyositis']