abstract: BACKGROUND: The predictive value of electrophysiologic studies depends on the @entity146 of the programmed ventricular stimulation protocol. OBJECTIVES: To assess if non-inducibility with an " @entity146 " protocol of PVS identifies post- @entity1188 @entity1 with low ejection fraction (EF < or = 30%) who may safely be treated without implantable cardioverter defibrillator. METHODS: We studied 154 @entity1 during a 9 year period. Our @entity146 PVS protocol included: a) stimulus current five times the diastolic threshold (< or = 3 mA) and b) repetition of double and triple extrastimulation at the shortest coupling intervals that capture the ventricle. RESULTS: Sustained ventricular @entity591 were induced in 116 @entity1 (75.4%) and 112 (97%) of them received an @entity21 (EPS+/ @entity21 + group). Of the 38 non-inducible @entity1 , 34 (89.5%) did not receive an @entity21 ( @entity21 ). In comparison to the EPS+/ @entity21 + group, @entity21 @entity1 were older (69 +/- 10 vs. 65 +/- 10 years, P < 0.05), had a lower EF (23 +/- 5% vs. 25 +/- 5%, P < 0.05) and a higher prevalence of @entity714 (45.5% vs. 20.2%, P < 0.005). Follow-up was longer for EPS+/ @entity21 + @entity1 (40 +/- 26 months) than for EPS-/ @entity21 - @entity1 (27 +/- 22 months) (P = 0.011). Twelve EPS+/ @entity21 + @entity1 (10.7%) and 5 EPS-/ @entity21 - @entity1 (14.7%) died during follow-up (P = 0.525). Kaplan-Meier survival curves did not show a significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.18). CONCLUSIONS: The mortality rate in @entity1 without inducible VTAs using an @entity146 PVS protocol and who did not undergo subsequent @entity21 implantation is not different from that of @entity1 with inducible @entity943 who received an @entity21 . Using this protocol, as many as one-fourth of primary prevention @entity21 implants could be spared without compromising @entity1 prognosis.

title: An " XXXX " protocol of programmed ventricular stimulation for selecting post-myocardial infarction @entity1 with a low ejection fraction who may not require implantation of an automatic defibrillator.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive', 'aggressiveness']

entities_list: @entity714 :: ('MESH:D002037', 'Disease') :: ['left bundle branch block']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachyarrhythmias']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarction']

entities_list: @entity21 :: ('MESH:D001480', 'Disease') :: ['ICD', 'EPS-/ICD-group']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmias']

answer: @entity146 :: (MESH:D001523,Disease) :: ['aggressive']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Mortality data are used to conduct disease surveillance, describe health status and inform planning processes for health service provision and resource allocation. In many countries, @entity645 - and @entity791 -related @entity204 are believed to be under-reported in government statistics. METHODS: To estimate the extent of under-reporting of @entity645 - and @entity791 -related @entity204 in Botswana, we conducted a retrospective study of a sample of @entity204 reported in the government vital registration database from eight hospitals, where more than 40% of @entity204 in the country in 2005 occurred. We used the consensus of three physicians conducting independent reviews of medical records as the gold standard comparison. We examined the sensitivity, specificity and other validity statistics. RESULTS: Of the 5276 @entity204 registered in the eight hospitals, 29% were @entity645 - and @entity791 -related. The percentage of @entity645 - and @entity791 -related @entity204 confirmed by physician consensus (positive predictive value) was 95.4%; however, the percentage of non- @entity645 - and non- @entity791 -related @entity204 confirmed (negative predictive value) was only 69.1%. The sensitivity and specificity of the vital registration system was 55.7% and 97.3%, respectively. After correcting for misclassification, the percentage of @entity645 - and @entity791 --related @entity204 was estimated to be in the range of 48.8% to 54.4%, depending on the definition. CONCLUSION: Improvements in hospitals and within government offices are necessary to strengthen the vital registration system. These should include such strategies as training physicians and coders in accurate reporting and recording of death statistics, implementing continuous quality assurance methods, and working with the government to underscore the importance of using mortality statistics in future evidence-based planning.

title: Validation of XXXX -related mortality in Botswana.

answer: @entity791 :: (MESH:D000163,Disease) :: ['AIDS']


abstract: Estrogenic Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs) are a concern due to their ubiquity and recognized adverse effects to @entity1 and wildlife. Methods to assess exposure to and associated risks of their presence in aquatic environment are still under development. The aim of this work is to assess estrogenicity of raw and treated waters with different degrees of pollution. Chemical analyses of selected EDCs were performed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and estrogenic activity was evaluated using in vitro bioluminescent @entity375 @entity172 assay (BLYES). Most raw water samples (18/20) presented at least one EDC and 16 rendered positive in BLYES. When EDCs were detected, the bioassay usually provided a positive response, except when only @entity8241 was detected at low concentrations. The highest values of estrogenic activity were detected in the most polluted sites. The maximum estrogenic activity observed was 8.7 ng equiv. of @entity29611 (-1). We compared potencies observed in the bioassay to the relative potency of target compounds and their concentrations failed to fully explain the biological response. This indicates that bioassay is more sensitive than the chemical approach either detecting estrogenic target compounds at lower concentrations, other non-target compounds or even synergistic effects, which should be considered on further investigations. We have not detected either estrogenic activity or estrogenic compounds in drinking water. BLYES showed good sensitivity with a detection limit of 0.1 ng equiv. @entity29611 (-1) and it seems to be a suitable tool for water monitoring.

title: Bioluminescent @entity375 XXXX assay (BLYES) as a sensitive tool to monitor surface and drinking water for estrogenicity.

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity29611 :: ('p|SUB|E|2|L', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['E2 L']

entities_list: @entity8241 :: ('MESH:C006780', 'Chemical') :: ['bisphenol A']

answer: @entity172 :: (MESH:D004967,Chemical) :: ['estrogen']


abstract: The evolution of dengue viruses has resulted in four antigenically similar yet distinct serotypes. Infection with one serotype likely elicits lifelong immunity to that serotype, but generally not against the other three. Secondary or sequential infections are common, as multiple viral serotypes frequently cocirculate. @entity281 , although frequently mild, can lead to @entity7643 ( @entity7643 ) which can be life threatening. @entity7643 is more common in secondary @entity281 , implying a role for the adaptive immune response in the disease. There is currently much effort toward the design and implementation of a dengue vaccine but these efforts are made more difficult by the challenge of inducing durable neutralizing immunity to all four viruses. Domain 3 of the dengue virus @entity26633 ( @entity22578 ) has been suggested as one such candidate because it contains neutralizing epitopes and it was originally thought that relatively few cross-reactive antibodies are directed to this domain. In this study, we performed a detailed analysis of the anti- @entity22578 response in a cohort of @entity1 suffering either @entity325 . The results show dramatic evidence of original antigenic @entity26634 in secondary infections both in terms of binding and enhancement activity. This has important implications for dengue vaccine design because heterologous boosting is likely to maintain the immunological footprint of the first vaccination. On the basis of these findings, we propose a simple in vitro enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to diagnose the @entity281 in secondary dengue cases.

title: An in-depth analysis of original antigenic XXXX in dengue virus infection.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['dengue infections', 'original dengue infection', 'Dengue infection']

entities_list: @entity325 :: ('MESH:D060085', 'Disease') :: ['primary or secondary dengue infections']

entities_list: @entity7643 :: ('MESH:D019595', 'Disease') :: ['dengue hemorrhagic fever', 'DHF']

answer: @entity26634 :: (10278,Gene) :: ['sin']


abstract: AIM: Evidence suggests that follow-up after @entity14 improves survival. @entity14 is so common that @entity1 follow-up can overwhelm a service, affecting the ability to see new referrals and reassess @entity1 seen previously who have new symptoms. In order to cope with this demand a nurse-led follow-up service was started in 2004. We aimed to review the results of a nurse-led @entity14 follow-up clinic. METHOD: Between 1 December 2004 and 31 January 2011, @entity1 who underwent resection for @entity14 were followed up by a nurse specialist according to a protocol determined by the colorectal surgeons in the unit. All @entity1 details were recorded prospectively in a purpose designed database. RESULTS: Nine hundred and fifty @entity1 were followed up over 7 years. Some 368 @entity1 were discharged from the follow-up programme, 474 @entity1 remain actively involved in the programme and 108 @entity1 died. Of the @entity1 discharged from the follow-up scheme 269 (73%) were discharged to their general practitioner free of disease after 5 years. Of the 108 who @entity1 died, 98 were as a result of @entity14 . Twenty @entity1 (2.1%) were identified with local (peri-anastomotic) disease recurrence and 93 @entity1 (9.8%) were found to have developed distant metastatic disease. Of these, 65 @entity1 (6.8%) were referred for palliative care and 28 (2.9%) had surgery for focal metastatic disease of whom 18 were still alive at the time of this analysis. CONCLUSION: This paper shows that a nurse-led clinic for @entity14 follow-up can achieve satisfactory results with detection rates of recurrent or metastatic disease comparable to consultant follow-up. A nurse-led clinic provides the benefits of follow-up without overwhelming the consultant colorectal surgical clinic practice.

title: The process and outcomes of a nurse-led XXXX follow-up clinic.

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer', 'Colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Changes in the treatment of @entity5 during the past decades have led to an increase in sphincter preservation with a consecutive decline in abdominoperineal resection rates. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to analyze the cumulative incidence of permanent stoma in @entity1 undergoing sphincter-preserving resection of mid and low @entity5 . DESIGN: This study is a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data. SETTINGS: This study was conducted at a @entity5 hospital. @entity1 : From 2003 to 2010, 125 @entity1 with primary mid and low @entity5 who underwent sphincter-preserving low anterior resection were included. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The occurrence of a permanent stoma over time was investigated by using a Cox proportional hazards regression model and competing-risk models, with @entity204 as a competing risk. The risk factors were assessed by computing HRs and a Cox proportional hazards regression. RESULTS: After a median follow-up time of 61 months (range, 22-113), 15 of 125 @entity1 ended up with a permanent stoma, accounting for a 5-year cumulative incidence of 6% (95% CI, 4%-11%). The reasons for obtaining a permanent stoma were @entity834 (60%, 9/15), intractable @entity1241 (27%, 4/15), and local recurrence (13%, 2/15). The Cox proportional hazards regression identified @entity834 (HR, 6.10; 95% CI, 2.23-16.71; p = 0.0004) and coloanal @entity254 (HR, 4.31; 95% CI, 1.49-12.47; p = 0.007) as statistically significant risk factors. LIMITATIONS: Because of the small number of events in this sample, further investigations with a larger number of @entity1 are required. @entity1241 was assessed by @entity1 self-reported data without the use of a validated score. CONCLUSION: The 5-year cumulative incidence of a permanent stoma was 6%. @entity834 and coloanal @entity254 were identified as risk factors. These details should be considered before sphincter-preserving surgery.

title: Cumulative incidence of permanent stoma after sphincter preserving low anterior resection of mid and low XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity834 :: ('MESH:D057868', 'Disease') :: ['anastomotic leakage', 'Anastomotic leakage']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['rectal cancer', 'tertiary referral cancer']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity1241 :: ('MESH:D005242', 'Disease') :: ['Fecal incontinence', 'fecal incontinence']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['rectal cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether cardiac surgical @entity1 receiving conventional versus fast-track anesthetic management are statistically significantly different with regard to cardiovascular drug infusions, @entity1017 , cardiac and pulmonary morbidity, length of intubation, and length of stay. DESIGN: Retrospective, (partially) sequential, cohort design. SETTING: Surgical suite and intensive care unit (ICU) at a community hospital. @entity1 : Two hundred seven @entity1 who presented for coronary artery bypass graft and/or cardiac valve replacement. INTERVENTIONS: None MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Group comparisons of the seven individual cardiovascular drug infusions showed less frequent use in the fast-track @entity1 for @entity3303 (9% v 28%; p = 0.00046) only. However, the fast-track group received fewer combinations of cardiovascular drug infusions overall for the first 24-hour postoperative period (p < 0.0005). Hourly comparisons of inotropes showed significantly fewer combinations of @entity452 , @entity1063 , and @entity1425 for the first postoperative hour and for postoperative hours 7 through 12 (p < 0.01 for each hour). Fast-track @entity1 had less postoperative @entity1017 for days 1 through 4 (p < 0.01 for each day), shorter length of ICU stay (p < 0.00005), and shorter total length of postoperative hospital stay (p = 0.0004). No differences were found with respect to @entity583 , @entity204 , @entity358 , rate of reintubation, or length of hospital stay once discharged from the ICU. CONCLUSIONS: Fast-track anesthetic management may be associated with decreased need for inotropic and antiarrhythmic drug infusions and decreased @entity1017 .

title: Influence of fast-track anesthetic technique on cardiovascular infusions and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity452 :: ('MESH:D004280', 'Chemical') :: ['dobutamine']

entities_list: @entity1425 :: ('MESH:D004837', 'Chemical') :: ['epinephrine']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['weight gain']

entities_list: @entity3303 :: ('MESH:D008012', 'Chemical') :: ['lidocaine']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary complications']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['norepinephrine']

answer: @entity1017 :: (MESH:D015430,Disease) :: ['weight gain']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Emerging research is revealing that direct physical contact of the @entity1 body with the surface of the earth (grounding or earthing) has intriguing effects on @entity1 physiology and health, including beneficial effects on various cardiovascular risk factors. This study examined effects of 2 hours of grounding on the electrical charge (zeta potential) on red blood cells (RBCs) and the effects on the extent of RBC clumping. DESIGN/INTERVENTIONS: SUBJECTS were grounded with conductive patches on the soles of their feet and palms of their hands. Wires connected the patches to a stainless-steel rod inserted in the earth outdoors. Small fingertip pinprick blood samples were placed on microscope slides and an electric field was applied to them. Electrophoretic mobility of the RBCs was determined by measuring terminal velocities of the cells in video recordings taken through a microscope. @entity1423 was measured by counting the numbers of clustered cells in each sample. SETTINGS/LOCATION: Each subject sat in a comfortable reclining chair in a soundproof experiment room with the lights dimmed or off. SUBJECTS: Ten (10) healthy adult subjects were @entity2133 . RESULTS: Earthing or grounding increased zeta potentials in all samples by an average of 2.70 and significantly reduced @entity1423 . CONCLUSIONS: Grounding increases the surface charge on RBCs and thereby reduces blood viscosity and clumping. Grounding appears to be one of the simplest and yet most profound interventions for helping reduce cardiovascular risk and cardiovascular events.

title: Earthing (grounding) the XXXX body reduces blood viscosity-a major factor in cardiovascular disease.

entities_list: @entity2133 :: ('MESH:D014987', 'Disease') :: ['recruited by word-of-mouth']

entities_list: @entity1423 :: ('MESH:D001791', 'Disease') :: ['RBC aggregation']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: 1. Sixty-four male @entity35 were fed on a nutritionally complete diet containing 30% of the dietary energy as fat. For thirty-two @entity35 (control) the fat source was @entity2829 oil; for the remaining thirty-two @entity35 (experimental) the fat source was @entity36048 - @entity2829 oil (7:3, w/w). 2. After 6 weeks, groups of control and experimental @entity35 were fasted and killed on days 0, 1, 2, and 4 of the fasting period. In the experimental group, adipose-tissue @entity1718 contained, on average, 246 mmol @entity36049 /mol total @entity1718 . In contrast, the adipose tissue of the control group did not contain odd- @entity505 -number @entity1718 . 3. Plasma @entity413 levels were significantly higher for all fasted experimental groups and blood @entity6178 levels were significantly lower for these groups. 4. Thus, during prolonged starvation, animals which accumulated odd-C-number @entity1718 resisted the development of @entity1270 . It appeared that odd-C-number @entity1718 mobilized from fat depots during fasting may provide their terminal three-C-residues for gluconeogenesis rather than for @entity6625 production, thereby allowing for better maintenance of blood @entity413 and insulin levels than in control animals. 5. It is concluded that the lower @entity6625 production and higher blood insulin levels reduce ketogenesis.

title: Resistance to @entity1270 during prolonged fasting by @entity35 fed on a diet containing XXXX , an odd- @entity505 -number fatty acid.

entities_list: @entity6625 :: ('MESH:D000105', 'Chemical') :: ['acetyl-CoA']

entities_list: @entity36048 :: ('MESH:C009598', 'Chemical') :: ['triundecanoin']

entities_list: @entity36049 :: ('MESH:C016173', 'Chemical') :: ['undecanoic acid']

entities_list: @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity36049 :: (MESH:C016173,Chemical) :: ['undecanoic acid']


abstract: OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: The aim of this study was to investigate associations between @entity392 and stress factors including @entity148 in elementary school students. STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional questionnaire survey in 940 students aged from 10 to 12 years. Data on 928 students were collected. The questionnaire comprised 96 questions that were classified into six categories: subjects' symptoms, stress factors, State @entity148 (transitory emotional condition characterized by feeling of @entity2701 and apprehension) Inventory for @entity1 (SAIC), Trait @entity148 (general tendency to respond with @entity148 to environmental threat) Inventory for @entity1 (TAIC), visual analog scale of @entity392 , and @entity1032 Inventory (THI). RESULTS: Four hundred thirty-five students (46.9%) had experienced @entity392 more than once, and 41 (4.4%) suffered from it continuously. Self-perception of @entity393 , @entity1296 , @entity10 , and concerns about @entity28 had significant differences between @entity392 and nontinnitus groups, whereas other stress factors did not show any difference. TAIC scores showed statistically significant differences according to the frequency of @entity392 in @entity1 experiencing @entity392 , whereas SAIC scores did not. Annoyance, influence on daily life, disturbance of sleep, and study by @entity392 and THI scores showed significant differences according to the frequency of @entity392 . CONCLUSIONS: The present study confirms that many @entity1 are aware of @entity392 and that they may be susceptible to stressful environments. In particular, trait @entity148 may be associated with @entity392 . Because both @entity392 and @entity148 can affect the daily lives and health of @entity1 -as with adults-a detailed strategy for the management of @entity392 in @entity1 should be established.

title: Tinnitus in XXXX : association with stress and trait @entity148 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['Tinnitus Handicap']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity392 :: ('MESH:D014012', 'Disease') :: ['tinnitus']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['Anxiety', 'anxiety']

entities_list: @entity1296 :: ('MESH:D004244', 'Disease') :: ['dizziness']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing loss']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: @entity1678 has been implicated in extra-intestinal infection and @entity294 in @entity1 . Targetting unique effectors of bacterial pathogens is considered a powerful strategy for drug design against bacterial variations to drug resistance. The two-component bacterial system involving sensor @entity3793 kinase (SHK) and its response regulators is considered a lucrative target for drug design. This is the first report describing a three-dimensional (3D) structure for SHK of A. hydrophila. The model was constructed by homology modelling using the X-ray structure of PleD--a response regulator--in conjunction with cdiGMP (PDB code 1W25) and HemAT sensor domain (PDB code 1OR4)--a globin coupled sensor. A combination of homology modelling methodology and @entity74 ( @entity74 ) simulations was applied to obtain a reasonable structure to understand the dynamic behaviour of SHK. Homology modelling was performed using MODELLER9v2 software. The structure was relaxed to eliminate bad atomic contacts. The final model obtained by molecular mechanics and dynamics methods was assessed using PROCHECK and VERIFY 3D graph, which confirmed that the final refined model is reliable. Until complete biochemical and structural data of SHK are determined by experimental means, this model can serve as a valuable reference for characterising the protein and could be explored for drug targetting by design of suitable inhibitors.

title: Homology modelling of a sensor XXXX kinase from @entity1678 .

entities_list: @entity3793 :: ('CHEBI:27570', 'Chemical') :: ['histidine']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhoea']

entities_list: @entity1678 :: ('644', 'Species') :: ['Aeromonas hydrophila']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['molecular dynamics', 'MD']

answer: @entity3793 :: (CHEBI:27570,Chemical) :: ['histidine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity694 is a common complication to @entity14 and surgical treatment is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Stenting has emerged as an alternative to surgery. The aim of this study was to compare short-term morbidity, mortality and hospital stay between treatment with self-expandable metallic stent and emergency surgery performed at our department during a 5-year period in a non-randomized setting. METHODS: @entity1 with @entity694 referred to the Endoscopic Unit or Surgical Department for insertion of a colonic stent between 1 August 2003 and 1 August 2008 were prospectively registered and followed (n = 112). A control group was identified using the hospital records of operations with the International Classification Code-10 (ICD-10) for @entity1744 and @entity14 (n = 60). Age, gender, indication, preoperative investigations, surgical procedure, complications and procedure-related mortality were registered. @entity1 were followed in accordance with local guidelines. RESULTS: The complication rate was similar in the two groups, although there was a trend toward a higher number of severe complications in the surgical group. The hospital stay was significantly lower in the stent group, median of 4 vs. 9 days (p < 0.0001). The procedure-related mortality was lower in the stent group; 7% vs. 20% (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Stenting can be safely performed with lower or similar complication rate and lower mortality rate compared to surgery and results in significantly shorter hospital stay. The results support stenting as the treatment of choice in @entity1 with acute @entity694 , especially in disseminated disease.

title: Stenting for XXXX compared to surgery--a study of consecutive @entity1 in a single institution.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['Colonic obstruction', 'colonic obstruction due to rectal or colon cancer', 'colonic obstruction']

entities_list: @entity1744 :: ('MESH:D043183', 'Disease') :: ['bowel obstruction']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer obstruction']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Injuries to the anterior cruciate ligament are the most common surgically treated @entity3331 . There is no consensus regarding the optimal graft choice between allograft and autograft tissue. @entity5414 is an uncommon complication after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. The purpose of this study was to compare @entity281 rates between procedures with use of allograft and autograft tissue in primary anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. METHODS: A combined prospective and retrospective multicenter cohort study was performed over a three-year period. Graft selection was determined by the individual surgeon. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were equivalent for the two groups (allograft and autograft tissue). Data collected included demographic characteristics, clinical information, and graft details. @entity1 were followed for a minimum of 5.5 months postoperatively. Our primary outcome was intra-articular @entity281 following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. RESULTS: Of the 1298 @entity1 who had anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction during the study period, 861 met the criteria for inclusion and formed the final study group. Two hundred and twenty-one @entity1 (25.6%) received an autograft, and 640 (74.3%) received an allograft. There were no cases of @entity5414 in either group. The 95% confidence interval was 0% to 0.57% for the allograft group and 0% to 1.66% for the autograft group. The rate of superficial infections in the entire study group was 2.32%. We did not identify a significant difference in the rate of superficial infections between autograft and allograft reconstruction in our study group. CONCLUSIONS: While the theoretical risk of disease transmission inherent with allograft tissue cannot be eliminated, we found no increased clinical risk of @entity281 with the use of allograft tissue compared with autologous tissue for primary anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

title: Allograft compared with autograft XXXX rates in primary anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity3331 :: ('MESH:D007718', 'Disease') :: ['knee ligament injury']

entities_list: @entity5414 :: ('MESH:D001170', 'Disease') :: ['septic arthritis', 'Postoperative septic arthritis']

answer: @entity281 :: (MESH:D007239,Disease) :: ['infection']


abstract: PURPOSE: To report the early results of a multicenter registry of @entity439 repair (EVAR) using the Endurant stent-graft. METHODS: @entity1 having elective treatment of @entity1028 (AAA) with the Endurant stent-graft at 3 Canadian centers were enrolled in a prospective registry between September 2008 and January 2010. In the 16-month period, 111 @entity1 (90 @entity1 ; mean age 75 years, range 53-93) were registered. Thirty-seven (33.3%) @entity1 had challenging anatomy: short proximal aortic necks (n=17), large diameter (>28 mm) aortic necks (n=4), angulated (>60  ) necks (n=3), and small (<15 mm) external iliac arteries (n=21). Outcomes evaluated included survival, endoleak, @entity439 expansion >5 mm, secondary intervention, stent-graft migration, and graft @entity715 . RESULTS: The overall technical success rate was 100%. Nineteen (17.1%) @entity1 experienced perioperative complications. After a mean follow-up of 6 months (range 0.1-16), mortality in the series was 4.5%: 1 perioperative @entity204 ( @entity881 ) and 4 (3.6%) late deaths (3 cardiac, 1 @entity5 ). Clinical and imaging follow-up past the perioperative period were available in 107 (96.4%) and 99 (89.2%) @entity1 , respectively. Among the latter, 9 (9.1%) had a @entity1070 on the first scan; 4 resolved spontaneously. Three (3.0%) @entity1 developed graft limb @entity715 in follow-up; one required an intervention. There was no graft migration, @entity439 expansion, secondary intervention for endoleak, @entity1756 , or conversion. CONCLUSION: Early results from this prospective multicenter registry indicate that the Endurant stent-graft is a safe option for elective EVAR in selected AAA @entity1 . Longer follow-up is required to determine the durability of these outcomes.

title: Early results from a Canadian multicenter prospective registry of the Endurant stent graft for endovascular treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1070 :: ('MESH:D057867', 'Disease') :: ['type II endoleak']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['endovascular aneurysm', 'aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity881 :: ('MESH:D009102', 'Disease') :: ['multisystem organ failure']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity1028 :: ('MESH:D017544', 'Disease') :: ['infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity1756 :: ('MESH:D017542', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm rupture']

answer: @entity1028 :: (MESH:D017544,Disease) :: ['abdominal aortic aneurysms']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether the systemic @entity32 induced by @entity281 might be associated with symptoms of @entity3610 ( @entity3610 ). DESIGN: Nested case-control study. SETTING: A questionnaire including questions about @entity3427 and oligo- @entity2588 was distributed to a representative sample of @entity1 (at age 31) from the general population-based Northern Finland Birth Cohort. Those who reported both symptoms were defined as symptomatic (n=81). @entity1 (S): A representative sample of @entity1 (at age 31) from the general population-based Northern Finland Birth Cohort. INTERVENTION(S): None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): To test the presence of serum antibodies to @entity55 (IgG titers >= 32) and @entity1047 (IgG titers >= 8) by microimmunofluorescence in symptomatic and control @entity1 . RESULT(S): Antibodies were investigated in 79 symptomatic and 1427 control @entity1 ( @entity21334 ) and in 79 symptomatic and 425 control @entity1 ( @entity11739 ). C. trachomatis antibodies (odds ratio [OR], 2.4; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.3-4.6) and C. pneumoniae antibodies (OR, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.0-2.4) were more commonly present in symptomatic @entity1 , and the simultaneous presence of elevated highly sensitive @entity1851 levels strengthened this association. CONCLUSION(S): @entity32 , which is associated with @entity281 , could contribute to the pathogenetic processes that lead to the metabolic and hormonal disorders of @entity3610 .

title: @entity1047 antibodies and self-reported symptoms of oligo- @entity2588 and XXXX : a new etiologic factor in @entity3610 ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'PATIENT']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation', 'Chronic inflammation']

entities_list: @entity3610 :: ('MESH:D011085', 'Disease') :: ['polycystic ovary syndrome', 'PCOS']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['Chlamydia pneumoniae']

entities_list: @entity1047 :: ('MESH:D002690', 'Disease') :: ['Chlamydia trachomatis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['chlamydial infections']

entities_list: @entity11739 :: ('813', 'Species') :: ['C trachomatis']

entities_list: @entity2588 :: ('MESH:D000568', 'Disease') :: ['amenorrhea']

entities_list: @entity3427 :: ('MESH:D006628', 'Disease') :: ['hirsutism']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

answer: @entity3427 :: (MESH:D006628,Disease) :: ['hirsutism']


abstract: PURPOSE: To describe our experience using the Gianturco Z-stent (G-Z stent) for the management of @entity19926 , with special reference to complications. METHODS: Thirty-six stents were used in 22 @entity1 with 28 lesions. Thirteen @entity1 were grade 5 according to the Hugh-Jones classification. The technical success rates, follow-up results, and complications were reviewed on the basis of the @entity1 ' charts and radiographs. RESULTS: All stents were successfully placed in the ideal position without procedure-related complications. After the procedure, respiratory status improved in 95% (21/22) of @entity1 , and performance status improved in 77% (17/22). Mean survival after stent placement was 15 weeks. Four @entity1 suffered from increased thick secretions requiring multiple suctioning and aspiration by bronchoscopy. One of these @entity1 died from @entity2063 2 weeks after placement. Stent disruption and/or @entity4222 was observed in six @entity1 . Of these six, four experienced life-threatening hemoptysis; all four had received aggressive anticancer treatment. CONCLUSION: G-Z stents are useful for palliation of @entity5 . However, complications of stent strut fracture and @entity4222 give cause for concern.

title: Efficacy and complications of the Gianturco-Z tracheobronchial stent for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity19926 :: ('MESH:C566362', 'Disease') :: ['malignant tracheobronchial stenosis']

entities_list: @entity4222 :: ('MESH:D014085', 'Disease') :: ['migration']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant tracheobronchial obstruction']

entities_list: @entity2063 :: ('MESH:C537571', 'Disease') :: ['asphyxiation']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['malignant airway stenosis']


abstract: There is an increasing body of data showing that activated @entity5 therapy--the synergistic effect of "preloaded" molecules and a tuned energy source to produce cytopathogenic moieties--is a promising new modality for @entity5 treatment. The key activated therapies are photodynamic therapy (PDT), which involves the synergy between light and photosensitizer molecules, and ultrasound activated therapy (USAT; also referred to as sonodynamic therapy), which involves the synergy between ultrasound and sonosensitizer molecules. PDT is a well-known activated therapy with roots dating back to 1900. However, minimal data exist on USAT. One reason is the lack of suitable sonosensitizers for clinical USAT use. The authors present both LC(50) @entity137 and @entity5 cell @entity137 studies on 2 dual activation agents. These compounds function as both sonosensitizers and photosensitizers, and are referred to as SonneLux agents, designated @entity26629 and SF2. The sensitizers are derived from @entity38 and are metal centered porphyrins known to specifically accumulate in hyperproliferating tissue. LC(50) studies on both @entity26629 and SF2 as determined in @entity3392 reveal that both are essentially nontoxic to @entity3392 . In the worst case, 5% @entity3392 death is noted at the maximum soluble concentration of the sensitizer. In the @entity137 studies, @entity320 cell line WM-266-4, derived from a metastatic site of a @entity320 , was tested against @entity26629 and SF2. Both sensitizer systems showed marked efficacy in the destruction of the implanted @entity320 cells. They show great promise for clinical use in the future.

title: XXXX and cytopathogenic properties toward human @entity320 cells of activated @entity5 therapeutics in @entity3392 .

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma', 'malignant melanoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity38 :: ('MESH:D002734', 'Chemical') :: ['chlorophyll']

answer: @entity137 :: (MESH:D064420,Disease) :: ['Toxicity']


abstract: During a 5-year period from 1979 to 1983 all @entity1 in Denmark with metastatic non-seminomatous and extragonadal germ cell @entity5 were treated with 6 cycles of @entity900 , @entity5713 , and @entity1732 ( @entity7297 ). Thirty-nine @entity1 referred to the Finsen Institute accepted a follow-up examination of side-effects 3.5-9 years after chemotherapy. @entity8 consisted of an irreversible decrease in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in 47% of the @entity1 , while the decrease in GFR was fully reversible in 23%. Significant @entity358 was observed in smokers and consisted of an irreversible decrease in @entity1223 diffusion capacity to median 72% of the predicted value. @entity2359 was the most pronounced long-term side-effect. Nearly all @entity1 had a @entity1897 probably caused by @entity528 . A central conduction defect was observed in 88% of the @entity1 by measuring auditory brain-stem potentials. Irreversible @entity2198 was induced in 39% of the @entity1 . @entity129 was found in 36% of the examined @entity1 , including 2 @entity1 with @entity323 . Half of the @entity1 revealed @entity2407 ( @entity2407 ), and the mechanism underlying this side-effect was found to be hyperreactivity of the central sympathetic nervous system. Vascular @entity137 was found only in terminal arterioles and was not responsible for @entity2407 . @entity7297 treatment caused @entity6660 and a subclinical Leydig cell dysfunction in the majority of @entity1 . @entity3893 was observed in 27% of the @entity1 . Six @entity1 had @entity101 and this was not related to @entity8 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Late-effects after treatment for germ-cell @entity5 with @entity900 , XXXX , and @entity1732 .

entities_list: @entity2198 :: ('MESH:D006316', 'Disease') :: ['high-frequency hearing loss']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['Renal toxicity', 'renal impairment']

entities_list: @entity129 :: ('MESH:D003389', 'Disease') :: ['Parasympathetic nerve dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity323 :: ('MESH:D007172', 'Disease') :: ['impotence']

entities_list: @entity1223 :: ('MESH:D002248', 'Chemical') :: ['carbon monoxide']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity2359 :: ('MESH:D020258', 'Disease') :: ['Neurotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity2407 :: ('MESH:D011928', 'Disease') :: ['RP', "Raynaud's phenomenon"]

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral sensory neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary toxicity']

entities_list: @entity1732 :: ('MESH:D001761', 'Chemical') :: ['bleomycin']

entities_list: @entity3893 :: ('MESH:D053713', 'Disease') :: ['Azoospermia']

entities_list: @entity6660 :: ('MESH:D009845', 'Disease') :: ['low sperm counts']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['axonal degeneration']

entities_list: @entity5713 :: ('MESH:D014747', 'Chemical') :: ['vinblastine']

answer: @entity5713 :: (MESH:D014747,Chemical) :: ['vinblastine']


abstract: @entity755 is the only specific marker of intestinal lipoproteins. We evaluated a novel enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) standardized with recombinant apo B-48 to measure apo B-48 in plasma and @entity412 -rich lipoproteins (TRLs, density <1.006 g/mL). Coefficients of variation were less than 2.5%. Assay values correlated well (r = 0.82, P < .001) with values obtained by gel scanning of TRLs (n = 75 samples); however, the gel scanning method yielded values that were about 50% lower than ELISA values. About 60% to 70% of apo B-48 was found in TRLs. In 12 healthy subjects, median fasting plasma apo B-48 levels were 0.51 mg/dL and were increased by 121% to 147% in the fed state. In 63 @entity28 subjects, median fasting apo B-48 values were 0.82 mg/dL; and feeding resulted in almost no change in total @entity165 , non-high-density lipoprotein @entity165 , or total apo B values, whereas @entity412 , remnant lipoprotein @entity165 , and apo B-48 levels were significantly higher (P < .05; by +73%, +58%, and +106%), and direct low-density lipoprotein @entity165 and direct high-density lipoprotein @entity165 were significantly lower (P < .001, by -13% and -20%) than fasting values. Relative to controls, 270 hyperlipidemic subjects had significantly higher (P < .001, +115%) fasting total apo B and higher apo B-48 values (P = .06, +37%). Our data indicate that the apo B-48 ELISA tested provides highly reproducible results and is excellent for research studies. Median apo B-48 values in healthy subjects are about 0.5 mg/dL and increase more than 100% in the fed state. Elevated levels are observed in @entity28 and hyperlipidemic subjects.

title: Fasting and postprandial XXXX levels in healthy, @entity28 , and hyperlipidemic subjects.

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity755 :: ('338', 'Gene') :: ['Apolipoprotein (apo) B-48']

answer: @entity755 :: (338,Gene) :: ['apolipoprotein B-48']


abstract: @entity35864 ( @entity22770 ) is a major constituent of garlic. Previously, we found that @entity22770 both inhibited proliferation in @entity1 @entity356 cells in vitro and in vivo, and induced G2/M arrest. In this study, we investigated whether this differentiation effect was induced by @entity22770 in @entity1 @entity356 MGC803 cells, and whether it was related to an alteration in @entity3963 activity. The results showed that the growth of MGC803 cells was inhibited by @entity22770 . Cells treated with @entity22770 displayed a lower nucleocytoplasmic ratio and tended to form gland and intercellular conjunction structures. The ConA-mediated cell agglutination ratio and cells' ALP specific activity decreased. In MGC803 cells, dye transfer was limited to a few cells neighbouring the dye-injected cell and to a depth of 1-2 layers beneath the scrape site. However, after treatment with @entity22770 , the LY (Lucifer Yellow) was transferred to several cells immediately neighbouring the microinjected cell and to a depth of 2-4 cell layers from the scrape site. This indicated that @entity22770 induced differentiation in MGC803 cells. Western blot analysis revealed that although @entity22770 did not influence the quantity of @entity1366 protein expressed, it did decrease its phosphorylation in a concentration-dependent manner, compared with the controls. At 30 mg x L(-1), @entity22770 inhibited the activation of @entity1366 in 15-30 min. These results suggested that the @entity22770 -induced differentiation of MGC803 cells involved an alteration of the @entity1366 signaling pathway.

title: @entity3963 is involved in the differentiation induced by @entity35864 in the XXXX @entity356 cell line MGC803.

entities_list: @entity35864 :: ('MESH:C028009', 'Chemical') :: ['Diallyl disulfide']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: <AbstractText Label="BACKGROUND" NlmCategory="BACKGROUND">Chronic idiopathic cough (known as cough hypersensitivity @entity7586 cough in the absence of an identifiable cause. Gabapentin has b @entity2682 ted as a treatment but evidence is scarce. The aim of our study was to describe the clinical features of patients with un @entity1 d chronic cough and to investigate the effect of gabapentin (600 @entity2682 day for a minimal duration of 4 weeks) in reducing cough symptoms. METHODS: A patient cohort a @entity1 was performed. Patients were re @entity1 using a query in our medical database for the words 'cough' and 'gabapentin' in 2 @entity2682 nts without @entity1 etiology of cough despite having performed a stepwise diagnostic approach, were included. Medical records of these patients were an @entity1 A telephonic survey was performed and patients were as @entity1 etrospectivally rate their cough when they attended the outpatient clinic. They were then asked to rate their cough after treatment with gabapentin. A sc @entity2682 ne to ten was used to score cough severity. They were also questioned about the triggers inducing cough. To evaluate the cough severity score, the results were correlated with questions of the Leicester Cough Questionnaire. RESULTS: We recruited 51 patients (87% fe @entity1 th a mean age of onset of 47 years (   14 y) and an average cough duration of 48 months. The most frequently reported cough triggers included change of temperature (57%), talking (49%) and odours (45%). In 67% of patients, the ur @entity1 ugh was located in the throat area. Thirty-five patients effecti @entity1 k the prescribed gabapentin. The @entity2682 provement in cough score was 2.8/10 (p<0.0001). Of the 35 patients, 20 ach @entity1 provement of their cough symptoms. Responders had a higher pre-treatment cough severity score (p=0.02) and were more likely to have a history of pre-cough airway infection (p=0.04). Current cough severity score negatively correlated with the Leicester Cough Questionnaire scores (p=0.05). CONCLUSION: Chronic idiopathic cough were predominantly middle-aged women, frequentl @entity1 orting various cough triggers. We also demonstrated that gabapentin can s @entity2682 ly improve cough in these patients. Respon @entity1 d to have higher pre-treatment severity scores and have a history of an airway infection.

title: A cohort description and analysis of the effect of XXXX on idiopathic cough.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2682 :: ('MESH:C040029', 'Chemical') :: ['Gabapentin', 'gabapentin']

entities_list: @entity7586 :: ('MESH:D063926', 'Disease') :: ['hypersensitivity syndrome']

answer: @entity2682 :: (MESH:C040029,Chemical) :: ['gabapentin']


abstract: AIMS: To study factors such as sex, educational status and place of care, which might influence knowledge and self-management of @entity6 , and glycaemic control in a Pakistani moslem @entity6 population attending primary care general practices (GP) and secondary care clinics at the @entity6 ( @entity6 ). METHODS: @entity1 with @entity6 took part in a one-to-one semi-structured interview and gave blood for haemoglobin A1c levels. RESULTS: Two hundred and one @entity1 entered the study. Knowledge about @entity6 diets was good (average scores 72%), and @entity1 claimed to perform regular @entity413 measurements (66%), but they were not good at applying their knowledge to problems in daily life. Only 24% knew how to manage persistent hyperglycaemia. @entity1 were worse than @entity1 at this (19 vs. 31% (chi2 = 3.8, P = 0.05)), were less likely to understand why @entity413 levels should be monitored, and had poorer glycaemic control overall (HbA1c 8.8 vs. 8.1%, P = 0.04). Fifty-four @entity1 were completely illiterate. They had similar knowledge scores to readers but were less able to handle problem scenarios. Forty-five of these @entity1 were @entity1 , and multiple regression analysis showed they were more likely to have the poorest glycaemic control. No major differences were found between general practitioner and hospital attenders, or between @entity1 with and without known complications, except that hospital attenders were more likely to have complications and poorer control. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 who cannot read in this population are likely to have poorer glycaemic control and may be finding it more difficult to learn how to apply their knowledge to daily life. This subgroup may need more intensive, culturally appropriate, health education and support.

title: Pakistani moslems with @entity6 : effect of sex, literacy skills, known @entity6 complications and place of care on XXXX knowledge, reported self-monitoring management and glycaemic control.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'Women', 'men']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes', 'MDC', 'Manchester Diabetes Centre', 'Type 2 diabetes mellitus']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetic']


abstract: @entity575 staining profiles of argyrophilic grains (AGs) and of @entity3072 ( @entity3072 ) of diffuse @entity3072 with @entity730 ( @entity25495 , collectively as @entity25495 - @entity3072 ) were examined for their relation to tau- and ubiquitin-like immunoreactivity (IR). Pairs of mirror sections were triple-fluorolabeled with an anti- @entity3668 (AT8) antibody, an anti-ubiquitin antibody and @entity25496 (TR), a fluorochrome that identifies fibrillary structures such as @entity3072 of @entity195 ( @entity195 ). One of the paired sections was subsequently stained with Gallyas method (GAL), and the other with @entity10485 ( @entity10485 ). Comparison of the same microscopic field on the paired fluorolabeled sections, subsequently @entity575 -stained with either GAL or @entity10485 enabled the determination of five different profiles of each structure: AT8-IR, ubiquitin-like-IR, affinity to TR, argyrophilia with GAL or @entity10485 staining. AGs, mainly composed of four-repeat (4R) tau, were argyrophilic with GAL but not with @entity10485 , and their affinity to TR and ubiquitin-like-IR was not intense. This staining profile of @entity17754 is identical with those of tau-positive structures in the cortex of @entity7463 / @entity528 , both composed of 4R tau. This selective affinity of AGs to GAL is in sharp contrast with @entity8637 bodies, composed of three-repeat (3R) tau, that are positive for @entity10485 but not for GAL, as we reported previously. This contrast is explainable if the argyrophilia with @entity10485 is related to deposits containing 3R tau, while that with GAL is linked to those containing 4R tau. Indeed, @entity25495 - @entity3072 , that contain both 3R and 4R tau, were argyrophilic with @entity10485 and GAL, and their affinity to TR and ubiquitin-like-IR were consistent, as we reported previously for @entity3072 of @entity195 and of @entity1467 , both similarly composed of 3R and 4R tau. Taken together, differences in molecular composition of tau protein in these deposits are linked to their argyrophilic properties dependent on the staining method in these @entity13859 . Although explanations for these empirical differences are not yet available, awareness of this clear distinction is potentially of diagnostic and pathological significance.

title: Argyrophilic grains are not always argyrophilic--distinction from @entity3072 of diffuse XXXX with @entity730 revealed by comparison between Gallyas and Campbell-Switzer methods.

entities_list: @entity25496 :: ('MESH:C419142', 'Chemical') :: ['thiazin red']

entities_list: @entity10485 :: ('MESH:D055089', 'Disease') :: ['CS', 'Campbell-Switzer method']

entities_list: @entity575 :: ('MESH:D012834', 'Chemical') :: ['Silver', 'silver']

entities_list: @entity13859 :: ('MESH:D024801', 'Disease') :: ['sporadic tauopathies']

entities_list: @entity3072 :: ('MESH:C536599', 'Disease') :: ['NFTs', 'neurofibrillary tangles']

entities_list: @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['calcification']

entities_list: @entity1467 :: ('MESH:D004314', 'Disease') :: ["Down's syndrome"]

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['AD', "Alzheimer's disease"]

entities_list: @entity7463 :: ('MESH:D013494', 'Disease') :: ['progressive supranuclear palsy']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['corticobasal degeneration']

answer: @entity3072 :: (MESH:C536599,Disease) :: ['neurofibrillary tangles']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy and safety of low-dose intratympanic @entity801 (ITG) compared with intratympanic @entity619 (ITD) in @entity1 with intractable unilateral @entity66 ( @entity601 ). STUDY DESIGN: Open prospective randomized controlled study. SETTING: Tertiary referral center. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Sixty @entity1 affected by definite unilateral @entity601 were enrolled between January 1, 2007, and June 30, 2008. Thirty-two @entity1 were treated with a buffered @entity801 solution injected in the middle ear (maximum of 2 injections); 28 @entity1 were treated with ITD (4 mg/mL, 3 injections at intervals of 1 every 3 days). Mean outcome measurements consisted of control of vertigo attacks, pure tone average (PTA), speech discrimination score, functional disability score, and statistical analysis using repeated measures analysis of variance. RESULTS: In the ITG group at 2-year follow-up, complete control of vertigo (class A) was achieved in 26 @entity1 (81%) and substantial control of vertigo (class B) in 4 @entity1 (12.5%). In the ITD group, class A was achieved in 12 (43%), and class B in 5 (18%) @entity1 . In the @entity801 group, 4 @entity1 showed a reduction in PTA of >= 10 dB. In the ITD group, @entity865 was unchanged or slightly improved in 16 @entity1 (belonging to class A-B) and worse in 12. CONCLUSIONS: Low-dose ITG achieved better outcome than ITD in the control of vertigo attacks in @entity1 suffering from unilateral @entity601 , with a very low incidence of @entity393 . ITD offers poorer vertigo control rate, and hearing preservation is achieved only in cases with no vertigo recurrences.

title: Intratympanic treatment of intractable unilateral Meniere disease: @entity801 or XXXX ? A randomized controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity801 :: ('MESH:D005839', 'Chemical') :: ['gentamicin']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['M  ni  re disease']

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['dexamethasone']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing deterioration']

answer: @entity619 :: (MESH:D003907,Chemical) :: ['dexamethasone']


abstract: In 1965, Feng of the Peking Union Hospital published an article entitled "Innovation in electroencephalography: the use of acupuncture needles as sphenoidal electrodes". It was a preliminary report, but surprisingly EEG records in the figures did not show definite spikes or sharp waves in the sphenoidal leads. In 1983, Feng and his colleagues reported a summary of 2,000 cases studied with acupuncture needle sphenoidal electrodes. This time, spikes or sharp waves were shown in EEG recordings. However, cases studied were several " @entity74 ", including @entity410 (155 cases), generalized @entity410 (765 cases), @entity302 (101 cases), @entity1163 (104 cases), @entity1625 (24 cases), @entity75 (135 cases), @entity1313 (32 cases), @entity1158 of unknown cause (43 cases), @entity716 (34 cases), and others (607 cases). Therefore, there were many unknown cases and many cases that were not related to @entity1315 . Surprisingly, the increase in detection by acupuncture needle electrode was higher for @entity1158 of unknown cause, @entity1313 , and @entity75 than for the @entity1315 . Furthermore, the issue of no insulation of the acupuncture needle was not addressed. Therefore, we began in 1988 to reinvestigate the usefulness of uninsulated acupuncture needles as sphenoidal electrodes. We also compared the efficacy of anterior temporal electrodes (T1, T2) with those of acupuncture needle and EMG needle. Our results showed that when compared to the routine EEG recordings, acupuncture needle sphenoidal electrodes increased the yield of detecting anterior temporal spikes from 41% to 70%. Our data further showed that when compared to the EMG needle recordings, acupuncture needle recordings had the same detection rate, but the spike amplitude was slightly smaller (129 microv vs. 135 microv). Interestingly, we also found that anterior temporal surface electrode recordings were nearly as good as those of acupuncture needle and traditional insulated needle electrodes in the detection of anterior temporal spikes. Our data indicate that acupuncture needle sphenoidal electrode is as effective as the traditional insulated needle sphenoidal electrode in the detection of anterior temporal spikes. We agree with Feng that the use of acupuncture needle is easy, safe, and has minimal discomfort and complications. However, when the use of the acupuncture needle is not acceptable to @entity1 or as in the pediatric group, anterior temporal electrode is an ideal alternative to acupuncture needle sphenoidal electrode.

title: [Re-evaluation of using acupuncture needle as sphenoidal electrode in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1158 :: ('MESH:D006429', 'Disease') :: ['hemiplegia']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'psychomotor seizure']

entities_list: @entity1625 :: ('MESH:D004828', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['brain tumor', 'brain tumors']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['encephalopathies', 'encephalopathy']

entities_list: @entity1315 :: ('MESH:D004833', 'Disease') :: ['temporal lobe epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epileptic cephalgia']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['paroxysmal disorders']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychosis']

answer: @entity1315 :: (MESH:D004833,Disease) :: ['temporal lobe epilepsy']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess urine lactulose/ @entity2656 ratio (LMR), and intestinal @entity844 binding protein ( @entity1630 ) concentration as the indexes of @entity16 in septic @entity1 , and to evaluate the clinical severity and mortality of septic @entity1 by use of these indexes. METHODS: Thirty-eight @entity1 with @entity295 were consecutively selected in Beijing Friendship Hospital intensive care unit (ICU) from June 2007 to February 2008, according to the inclusions and exclusions criteria. Urine samples were taken in 72 hours after ICU admission. Urine LMR was determined by high performance liquid chromatography by use of pulsed electrochemical detection (HPLC-PED), and urine @entity1630 concentration was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). The results of LMR and @entity1630 were analyzed with acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II (APACHE II) score, with @entity881 ( @entity881 ) or not and outcome on day 28. The relationship between the two indexes and the @entity1 ' gastrointestinal function score was analyzed. RESULTS: Thirty-eight @entity1 included had significantly higher urine level of @entity1630 concentration and LMR. Urine LMR were higher in @entity1 with APACHE II score > 20 than in @entity1 with APACHE II score < or =20 (P = 0.056), and the values were significantly higher in @entity1 who with @entity881 and in nonsurvivors than those in @entity1 who without @entity881 and in survivors (both P < 0.05). Urine @entity1630 concentration was not found significantly difference in @entity1 with APACHE II score > 20, those with @entity881 and nonsurvivors, compared with @entity1 with APACHE II score < or = 20, those without @entity881 and survivors. @entity1 with stress @entity1066 had higher urine @entity1630 concentration than @entity1 without stress @entity1066 (P < 0.05). There was no correlation among LMR, @entity1630 and gastrointestinal function score. CONCLUSION: This study reveals that @entity1 with @entity295 have @entity16 and increased intestinal permeability. Increased LMR in urine is associated with clinical severity and prognosis; urine @entity1630 concentration is not associated with clinical severity and prognosis. @entity1 with stress @entity1066 have higher urine @entity1630 concentration. There is no correlation among @entity1630 , LMR and gastrointestinal function score.

title: [A study of urine lactulose/ XXXX ratio and intestinal @entity844 binding protein as the indexes of @entity16 in @entity295 ].

entities_list: @entity2656 :: ('MESH:D008353', 'Chemical') :: ['mannitol']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity844 :: ('CHEBI:35366', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal mucosal damage', 'intestinal damage']

entities_list: @entity881 :: ('MESH:D009102', 'Disease') :: ['multiple organ dysfunction syndrome', 'MODS']

answer: @entity2656 :: (MESH:D008353,Chemical) :: ['mannitol']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to correlate clinical and radiological results using a 3-T MRI to verify @entity446 after arthroscopic all-inside meniscus repair. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We selected 27 @entity1 (14 @entity1 and 13 @entity1 ) with an average age of 31        9 years and retrospective clinical examinations and radiological assessments using a 3-T MRI after all-inside arthroscopic meniscal repair were conducted. Repair of the medial meniscus was performed in 19 @entity1 and of the lateral meniscus in eight. In 17 @entity1 (63%), we performed concomitant anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. The mean follow-up period was 4.5        1.7 years. The Lysholm score and Tegner activity index were used for clinical evaluation. Four grades were used to classify the radiological signal alterations within the meniscus: central globular (grade 1); linear horizontal or band-like (grade 2); intrameniscal alterations and linear signal alterations communicating with the articular surface (grade 3); and complex tears (grade 4). RESULTS: At follow-up, the average Lysholm score was 76        15 points, with ten of the @entity1 placed in group 6 based on the Tegner activity index. MRI examinations revealed no signal alteration in three @entity1 , grade 1 in 0, grade 2 in five, grade 3 in 13, and grade 4 in six. The MRI findings correlated positively with the clinical scores in 21 @entity1 (78%). CONCLUSIONS: Correlation of clinical and radiological examination was performed using 3-T MRI. In spite of satisfactory clinical outcomes at follow-up, a radiological signal alteration may still be visible on MRI, which was believed to be scar tissue, but could not be proven definitively. Imaging with a 3-Tesla MRI after meniscal suture surgery provides good but no definitive reliability on meniscus healing and therefore gives no advantage compared to 1.5-T MRI, with good clinical outcome using an all-inside arthroscopic meniscal repair. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: 3T-MRI can not substitute diagnostic arthroscopy in @entity1 with persistent complaints after arthroscopic all-inside meniscal repair.

title: Arthroscopic all-inside meniscal repair--Does the meniscus heal? A clinical and radiological follow-up examination to verify XXXX using a 3-T MRI.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'women', 'men']

entities_list: @entity446 :: ('MESH:C563468', 'Disease') :: ['meniscal healing']

answer: @entity446 :: (MESH:C563468,Disease) :: ['meniscal healing']


abstract: @entity302 is a common @entity16 characterized by recurrent electrophysiological activities, known as @entity410 . We explore the applicability of noise-assisted Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (EEMD) for @entity1 -specific @entity410 anticipation. Intracranial EEG data were obtained from invasive pre-surgical @entity302 monitoring at the @entity302 Center of the University Hospital of Freiburg. Data from six @entity1 (19 @entity410 recordings) with hippocampal foci were analyzed. For each recorded channel, twelve levels of intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) were produced. The coherence between the IMFs (denoted as IMF-Coh) between different channel pairs was computed. Statistical distributions of IMF coherence were determined from three hours of interictal data. @entity1 -, IMF level-, and channel pair-specific IMF-Coh were used to determine the earliest anticipation times for detected ictal events. Our study shows that while not all channel pairs are able to detect every ictal event, in general, low IMFs (containing frequency components greater than 1 Hz) can discriminate between interictal and periictal activities. Our results suggest @entity1 -specific increases in coherence for one or more IMF levels during @entity410 progression. The anticipation window ranges from 30 to 53 minutes prior to clinical manifestation. We propose an anticipation optimality index as a joint indicator of sensitivity and earliest anticipation times to help select relevant channel pairs and IMF levels. In future work, we will incorporate cross-validation techniques with more interictal data as well as investigate @entity1 -specific, automated selection of high-sensitivity channel pairs.

title: Noise-assisted intrinsic mode function coherence in XXXX anticipation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological disorder']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'seizures']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy', 'Epilepsy']

answer: @entity410 :: (MESH:D012640,Disease) :: ['seizure']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects of @entity134 plus hyaluronate injections for scapulothoracic @entity2585 in @entity1 with @entity158 . DESIGN: Prospective open-label unicenter trial with a 3-month follow-up. SETTING: University rehabilitation hospital. @entity1 : Twenty-two cases of suspected scapulothoracic @entity2585 . INTERVENTION: Injections into scapulothoracic bursa were performed with @entity134 plus hyaluronate. Injections were administered once a week for 3 weeks. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Visual analog scale (VAS), Rubin scale, adverse events, and injection-associated complications. RESULTS: Mean outcome scores at 3-month follow-up visits showed significant improvements versus baseline (mean VAS increased from 7.8 to 2.2) (P<.05). Furthermore, mean VAS scores at 1, 2, and 3 weeks after treatment commencement showed significant improvements versus baseline (P<.05). No serious complication occurred during the study. CONCLUSIONS: @entity2585 should be considered when treating @entity1 with perimarginal @entity158 or @entity158 . Our findings show that @entity134 plus hyaluronate injections into the scapulothoracic bursa provide an effective means of treating @entity1 with scapulothoracic @entity2585 .

title: The effects of scapulothoracic bursa injections in @entity1 with XXXX : a pilot study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['subscapular pain', 'scapular pain']

entities_list: @entity2585 :: ('MESH:D002062', 'Disease') :: ['bursitis', 'Scapulothoracic bursitis']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['scapular pain']


abstract: A significant higher incidence of some @entity5 , especially @entity2 , has been found in @entity1 with previous HPV-related ( @entity1082 ) urogenital and anal @entity5 than in individuals without this particular clinical history. The aim of our study was to investigate whether HPV is present in both @entity5436 ( @entity5436 ) lesions and bronchopulmonary second primary @entity5 in @entity1 with a clinical history of both diseases. @entity982 -embedded @entity5 tissue from 75 @entity1 with @entity189 was examined using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique and in situ hybridization for the presence of @entity1 HPV. In total, 51 primary @entity5 without @entity3 , 11 primary @entity5 with @entity3 and 13 lymph node @entity3 without available tissue from primary @entity5 were analysed. In our study 37/75 primary @entity5 (49%) were identified as HPV positive by the PCR method: 18 cases were purely @entity1799 positive (49%), 12 were purely HPV 6 positive (32%), 5 cases were @entity1799 /6 positive (14%), 1 case was @entity1799 /11 positive (2%) and 1 case was @entity1799 /18 positive (2%). Fourteen @entity3 were HPV positive, and @entity1799 , 11 and 6 were detected in both regional and distant @entity3 . Two of the @entity1799 -positive @entity3 were brain @entity3 from two separate @entity1799 -positive primary @entity5 ; 35% of the HPV-positive cases were @entity420 , 30% @entity957 , 22% oat cell @entity189 , 5% large cell @entity189 , 3% @entity189 , 3% low-differentiated @entity189 , and 3% @entity5 . The @entity75 from 34 of the 37 @entity189 were analysed by PCR. The overall HPV positivity in the @entity75 was 74% (25/34 cases): 48% were purely @entity1799 positive, 24% purely HPV 6 positive, 24% @entity1799 /6 positive and 4% were HPV 18 positive. Our results indicate that HPV is also involved in the development of @entity5 in @entity1 with a history of @entity75 .

title: HPV positive @entity189 in @entity1 with previous high-grade XXXX ( @entity5436 ).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'bronchopulmonary tumours', 'tumour', 'bronchopulmonary cancers', 'neoplasias', 'tumours', 'malignant cylindroma']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['CIN III lesions']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomas', 'bronchopulmonary carcinomas', 'carcinoma', 'anaplastic carcinoma', 'HPV-positive bronchopulmonary carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity982 :: ('MESH:D010232', 'Chemical') :: ['Paraffin']

entities_list: @entity1082 :: ('10566', 'Species') :: ['human papillomavirus']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinomas']

entities_list: @entity5436 :: ('MESH:D019048', 'Disease') :: ['cervical intraepithelial neoplasia', 'CIN III']

answer: @entity5436 :: (MESH:D019048,Disease) :: ['cervical intraepithelial neoplasia']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Predicting outcome after @entity1756 can be challenging. The Southwestern Aneurysm Severity Index (SASI) was developed to aid @entity439 treatment outcome prediction. In this introduction of SASI, we analyzed @entity1 with @entity1756 treated microsurgically. With the use of this cohort, each SASI element was evaluated to measure its value to the overall index. METHODS: @entity1 presenting to our institution with @entity1756 from 2000 to 2014 treated with microsurgery were included. Outcome was defined as Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) at 1 year (GOS12m) dichotomized to 1 to 3 vs 4 to 5. The SASI was composed of multiple prospectively recorded @entity1 demographic, clinical, radiographic, and @entity439 -specific variables. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to construct the best predictive models for @entity1 outcome. RESULTS: We identified 527 eligible @entity1 . The median age was 53 years (interquartile range: 19) and 72% were female. The GOS12m was 1 to 3 in 152 @entity1 (28.8%) and 4 to 5 in 375 @entity1 (71.2%). In the univariate    analysis, Hunt-Hess (P < .001), Nonneurological ASA (NNASA, P < .001), normal CT (P < .014), @entity510 (P < .001), @entity1779 ( @entity1779 ) (P < .001), @entity548 ( @entity548 ) (P < .001), @entity1276 (P < .001), @entity439 location (P = .021), calcification/ @entity715 (P = .004), age >64 (P < .001), and size >20 mm (P < .001) were significant predictors of GOS12m. In the multivariate stepwise logistic regression, the best predictive model for poor outcome (without Hunt-Hess and/or NNASA) included @entity1779 (odds ratio [OR], 2.19; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.54-3.10), @entity548 (OR, 1.99; 95% CI, 1.17-3.39), @entity1276 (OR, 1.99; 95% CI, 1.17-3.38), location (OR, 1.84; 95% CI, 1.30-2.60), age >64 (OR, 5.09; 95% CI, 3.12-8.30), and size >20 mm (OR, 5.21; 95% CI, 2.35-11.57). A scoring system was created utilizing the b-coefficients from the logistic regression. This scoring system predicts GOS12m with good accuracy (receiver operating characteristic-area under the curve, 0.813; 95% CI, 0.773-0.853). CONCLUSION: Several elements were identified as being predictive of GOS12m after microsurgery for @entity1756 . SASI was a stronger predictor than each of these individual factors alone and provides an accurate prediction of GOS12m at presentation, thus improving @entity1 or family expectations and possibly guiding therapeutic efforts.

title: 115   The Southwestern Aneurysm Scoring Index Prediction of Outcomes at 1 Year in XXXX Treated With Microsurgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['intraventricular hemorrhage', 'IVH']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['subarachnoid hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['hydrocephalus']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['ICH', 'intracerebral hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity1756 :: ('MESH:D017542', 'Disease') :: ['ruptured aneurysms', 'aneurysmal rupture']

answer: @entity1756 :: (MESH:D017542,Disease) :: ['Ruptured Aneurysms']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Consistent evidence has shown that young @entity1 are significantly overrepresented among victims of violence due to another @entity1 's drinking. Yet little research has examined factors that explain @entity167 -related victimization among young adults, particularly in Canada. The present study examines the influence of hazardous drinking and illicit drug use on the likelihood of experiencing @entity167 -related physical victimization among young adult drinkers in a Canadian general population sample and determines whether gender differences exist in the roles of these explanatory variables. METHODS: A secondary analysis of the 2004 Canadian Addiction Survey (CAS) was conducted, restricting analyses to young adult (ages 18 to 25) drinkers (785 females, 745 males). Logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine associations between explanatory variables and victimization. To assess gender differences in effects, interaction effects of gender by hazardous drinking and illicit drug use were tested. RESULTS: @entity167 -related victimization was more likely among @entity1 than among @entity1 , hazardous drinkers than non-hazardous drinkers, and illicit drug users than non-users. Multivariate analyses indicated that, among @entity1 , illicit drug use was associated with victimization whereas, among @entity1 , hazardous drinking was significant. An interaction effect between gender and hazardous drinking indicated that hazardous drinking was more strongly associated with victimization among @entity1 than among @entity1 . CONCLUSION: These results highlight the important role of substance use in explaining @entity167 -related victimization among young adult Canadian drinkers and suggest that gender-specific prevention programs may be needed.

title: XXXX -related victimization among young adult Canadian drinkers: the explanatory roles of hazardous drinking and illicit drug use.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'person', 'people', 'men']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol', 'Alcohol']

answer: @entity167 :: (CHEBI:16236,Chemical) :: ['Alcohol']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity20145 ( @entity20145 ) is a typical presentation of @entity5310 in @entity1 . However, @entity262 may also occur in @entity1 . OBJECTIVE: We tried to characterize the clinical features of childhood-onset @entity5310 and estimate the value of the SCORMA (SCORing @entity5310 ) Index and serum tryptase levels as disease severity parameters. METHODS: In a survey of 101 @entity1 @entity5310 was diagnosed and classified according to World Health Organization criteria. In all the cases serum tryptase levels and the SCORMA Index were done to assess the extent and intensity of the disease. RESULTS: @entity20145 was diagnosed in 100 @entity1 ; 84% of them presented maculopapular @entity20145 , 10% @entity9600 and 6% diffuse cutaneous @entity5310 . Moreover, @entity262 with @entity236 and associated with maculopapular @entity20145 was found in one case. There was a positive correlation of serum tryptase level to the SCORMA Index. Both the mean tryptase level and the mean SCORMA Index were elevated in diffuse cutaneous @entity5310 @entity1 when compared with other forms @entity20145 . A significantly higher mean tryptase level was found in @entity1 with @entity1671 , @entity551 , @entity294 , extensive @entity4530 and @entity170 or @entity2331 . CONCLUSION: @entity5310 in @entity1 usually has a benign course. Nevertheless, severe mediator-related symptoms and systemic involvement may appear. Therefore, a multidisciplinary approach involving careful monitoring of the serum tryptase level, SCORMA Index and the organ function is recommended. Both tryptase levels and the SCORMA Index are of a great value as disease severity parameters and they should be assessed simultaneously in all @entity5310 @entity1 .

title: Clinical aspects of paediatric XXXX : a review of 101 cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity9600 :: ('MESH:D034801', 'Disease') :: ['mastocytoma']

entities_list: @entity20145 :: ('MESH:D034701', 'Disease') :: ['Cutaneous mastocytosis', 'CM']

entities_list: @entity5310 :: ('MESH:D008415', 'Disease') :: ['mastocytosis', 'Mastocytosis']

entities_list: @entity4530 :: ('MESH:D001768', 'Disease') :: ['bullous lesions']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhoea']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity262 :: ('MESH:D034721', 'Disease') :: ['systemic mastocytosis']

entities_list: @entity2331 :: ('MESH:D001851', 'Disease') :: ['osteopenia']

entities_list: @entity236 :: ('MESH:D001855', 'Disease') :: ['bone marrow infiltration']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

answer: @entity5310 :: (MESH:D008415,Disease) :: ['mastocytosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Thirty-day hospital readmissions are used as an indicator of quality for health care systems. The timing of readmissions after @entity4037 repair (VHR) is poorly defined, and its relationship to laparoscopic or open technique is unclear. The aim of this study was to assess differences between early and late readmissions after VHR. METHODS: The @entity1 use data set of the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Project for 2012 was used for this study. Current procedural terminology codes for laparoscopic (n  =  3,360) and open VHR (n  =  9,009) were used to identify the study population. Thirty-day readmissions were grouped into early and late admissions based on the 25th percentile of days from discharge. RESULTS: Laparoscopic VHR had fewer 30-day readmissions (6.9% vs 9.2%, odds ratio [OR] 0.73, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.63-0.85). The 2 most common reasons for readmission were wound occurrences (32%) and @entity344 (14%; mostly @entity390 and emesis). Early readmissions occurred in 283 @entity1 (2.3% of the entire cohort). @entity344 were more common in @entity1 with early readmissions compared with late readmissions (39% vs 13%, OR 4.45, 95% CI 3.06-6.47) and were less common after open versus laparoscopic VHR (16% vs 33%, OR 2.59, 95% CI 1.75-3.84). Wound occurrences were more common in @entity1 with late readmissions (52% vs 23%, OR 3.68, 95% CI 2.56-5.29) and more common after  open VHR (49.6% vs 24.4%, OR 3.05, 95% CI 2.06-4.52). CONCLUSION: @entity1 with early and late readmission following VHR demonstrate different characteristics. Causes of readmission are also different and are based on timing and operative technique. Knowing the causes of readmission following VHR can potentially help clinicians prevent readmissions. Attempts to decrease early readmissions after VHR should mainly target prediction, avoidance, and management of @entity344 ; efforts to decrease late readmissions should focus on the management of wound-related complications.

title: Causes of readmission after laparoscopic and open XXXX repair: Identifying failed discharges and opportunities for action.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'participant']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal disorders', 'Gastrointestinal disorders', 'gastrointestinal complications']

entities_list: @entity4037 :: ('MESH:D006555', 'Disease') :: ['ventral hernia']

answer: @entity4037 :: (MESH:D006555,Disease) :: ['ventral hernia']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Collection of clinical data and associated tissue samples has become an essential tool for oncologic research. Since 1990, efforts have been ongoing to implement prospective documentation of all oncologic cases in our department accompanied by a special aftercare program ensuring regular visits and reliable data acquisition. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Our prospective database comprises a total of 6,567 cases covering all types of @entity5 : prostate (40.7%), renal (30.5%), urothelial (21.8%), testicular (5.8%), penile (0.8%), and other (0.4%). A specialized full-time documentalist supported by 3 student assistants entered 38,135 aftercare visits characterized by approximately 100 partly disease-specific items. The Institute of Pathology's general collection contains more than 6 million @entity982 -embedded samples, and since 2005 the interdisciplinary Tissue Bank at the National Center for @entity5 Diseases in Heidelberg has collected about 21,000 cryo-samples. Furthermore, we asked the opinion of 158 @entity1 who attended our clinic for @entity5 surgery using a self-designed questionnaire. RESULTS: Of 158 @entity1 asked to be included in the biobank, from 09/07 through 02/08, none refused. Their additional questionnaire had a return rate of 81% (n = 128). Moral obligation for supporting medical research was realized by 95%, and circumstantial pressure to participate was not a relevant factor for 87%. Whereas only 68% were hoping for personal benefit, altruism seemed to be a much stronger motive: 96% believe others could be healed because of further medical progress; 93% wanted to be actively informed about recommended aftercare visits. Consequently, response rates in the "Heidelberg @entity5 Maintenance Program" are constantly above 93%. Regarding research, a total of 144 scientific inquiries have been answered using our database since 1995. Within the last 5 years, 37 manuscripts originated from biobank data: herein, molecular markers and risk factors have been correlated with clinical outcome. Additionally, @entity2802 -validation studies were conducted. CONCLUSIONS: Prospective collection of clinical data and corresponding tissue has become an indispensable research tool in oncology. In general, @entity1 do not object tissue banking and embrace special aftercare programs.

title: Two decades' experience with a prospective biobank for urologic oncology: research, clinical care, and the XXXX ' view.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['urologic malignancies', 'cancer', 'Tumor', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity982 :: ('MESH:D010232', 'Chemical') :: ['paraffin']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity5 is debilitating for @entity1 with @entity5 . As shown previously, @entity5 cell production of @entity7 might be a major cause of the formation of @entity5 . Intraperitoneal bevacizumab could therefore be an option for symptom control in refractory ascites. @entity1 AND METHODS: @entity1 with advanced @entity1820 and @entity5 who had undergone paracentesis at least twice within the past 4 weeks were randomly assigned in a 2:1 ratio to intraperitoneal bevacizumab (400  mg absolute) or placebo after paracentesis. During the 8-week treatment period, a minimum interval of 14  d  was kept between the applications of the study drug. Primary end-point was paracentesis-free survival (ParFS). RESULTS: Fifty-three @entity1 (median age 63 years) were randomised. Forty-nine @entity1 received at least one study drug application and qualified for the main analysis. The proportion of @entity1 with at least one common @entity137 criteria grade III-V event was similar with 20/33 (61%) on bevacizumab and 11/16 (69%) on placebo. Median ParFS was 14 d  (95% confidence interval [CI]: 11-17) in the bevacizumab arm and 10.5 d  (95% CI: 7-21) on placebo (hazard ratio 0.74, 95% CI: 0.40-1.37; P  =  0.16). The longest paracentesis-free period was 19  d  on bevacizumab (range 6-66  d) and 17.5  d  in the placebo arm (range 4-42) (P  =  0.85). Median overall survival was 64  d  (95% CI: 45-103) on bevacizumab compared to 31.5 d  (95% CI: 20-117) on placebo (P  =  0.31). CONCLUSION: Intraperitoneal bevacizumab was well tolerated. Overall, treatment did not result in a significantly better symptom control of @entity5 . However, @entity1 defined by specific immune characteristics may benefit.

title: Intraperitoneal bevacizumab for control of @entity5 due to XXXX : A multicentre double-blind, placebo-controlled phase II study - AIO SUP-0108.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity7 :: ('7422', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant ascites', 'Malignant ascites', 'advanced cancer', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity1820 :: ('MESH:D005770', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal cancer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['advanced-stage gastrointestinal cancers']


abstract: The studied included in this report tested the ability of a recombinant DNA produced @entity1 @entity1199 ( @entity5041 ) to serve as a substitute for the carrier priming required for the in vivo generation of anti-hapten responses, in young adults of @entity1238 , the South African clawed toad. Heterologous erythrocyte carriers were used. Immune reactivity was monitored with hapten-specific antigen binding cells (ABC) in spleen cell suspensions, 8 days after injection i.p. of trinitrophenylated @entity742 erythrocytes (TNP-SRBC) or @entity5041 or the two together. No substantial anti-hapten responses were generated by either TNP-SRBC or @entity5041 alone. However, a greatly (9X) enhanced anti-TNP response was produced after co-injection. By varying the time between injection of the @entity5041 and the TNP-SRBC challenge, it was found that the effectiveness of this mediator would last for up to three hours in this animal. When @entity5041 was co-injected with an optimal priming dose of SRBC, two days prior to TNP-SRBC challenge, it did not enhance the level of helper function generated by carrier priming. Therefore, it is likely that the @entity5041 acts on the same cells affected by carrier priming which is maximally efficient in this regard. Thus, cells, which participate in the generation of helper function in this primitive species, are sensitive to @entity1 @entity5041 . The universality of an immune regulatory molecule of this kind is considered.

title: Recombinant DNA produced @entity1 XXXX , injected in vivo, will substitute for carrier priming of helper function in the South African clawed toad, @entity1238 .

entities_list: @entity1238 :: ('8355', 'Species') :: ['Xenopus laevis']

answer: @entity1199 :: (3558,Gene) :: ['IL-2']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The cellular mechanisms of @entity28 -induced @entity296 are multiple and not completely elucidated. The objective of this study was to differentiate two @entity28 -associated @entity296 miniature @entity1707 models: one with the @entity209 ( @entity3370 ), and one with a @entity28 ( @entity28 ). The cellular responses during the development of @entity28 -induced @entity296 were investigated. @entity3370 ( @entity3370 ) and Lanyu ( @entity28 ) minipigs were made obese by feeding a @entity1386 ( @entity1386 ) for 6 months. RESULTS: Obese @entity1707 exhibited a greater heart weight than control @entity1707 . Interstitial and perivascular @entity82 developed in the myocardium of obese @entity1707 . The @entity1386 induced @entity299 and oxidative stress and also decreased the antioxidant defense in @entity3370 @entity1707 . This diet activated oxidative stress without changing cardiac antioxidant defense and lipid content in @entity28 @entity1707 . The @entity1386 upregulated the expression of @entity35206 , CHOP, caspase 12, p62, and LC3II, and increased the ratio of LC3II to LC3I in the left ventricle (LV) of @entity3370 @entity1707 . Compared to obese @entity3370 @entity1707 , less @entity35206 and elevated CHOP expression was found in the obese @entity28 heart. The @entity1386 did not change the ratio of LC3II to LC3I and p62 expression in obese @entity28 @entity1707 . The obese @entity3370 @entity1707 had an extensive and greater inflammatory response in the plasma than the obese @entity28 @entity1707 , which had a lesser and milder @entity32 . CONCLUSION: Oxidative stress and ER stress were involved in the progression of @entity28 -related @entity296 . Inflammation, autophagy, ER stress, oxidative stress, and lipotoxicity participated in the pathological mechanism of @entity3370 -related @entity296 .

title: The XXXX induces @entity296 in the metabolically healthy obese minipigs-The role of ER stress and oxidative stress.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['MHO', 'obesity', 'metabolically healthy obesity']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac lipid accumulation']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity3370 :: ('MESH:C538154', 'Disease') :: ['METHODS: Five-month-old Lee-Sung', 'MetS']

entities_list: @entity1386 :: ('MESH:D018205', 'Disease') :: ['HFD', 'high-fat diet']

answer: @entity1386 :: (MESH:D018205,Disease) :: ['high-fat diet']


abstract: A case of cystic intracranial metastatic @entity5701 is presented. As far as we know, cyst formation in @entity320 is rare, and only 15 cases of @entity5701 have been reported until now. A 63-year-old @entity1 was admitted with @entity10 and progressive @entity227 . CT scan revealed a large low-density mass with ring-like enhancement in the @entity75 . Both T 1-and T 2-weighted MRI images revealed hyperintensity. A left frontotemporal craniotomy was performed. A yellowish mass was observed in the frontal lobe. The content of the cyst consisted of old @entity1410 , xanthochromic fluid and necrotic tissue, was evacuated and the cyst wall was totally resected. No abnormal pigmentation was noted in the cyst wall and surrounding brain tissue. The histological examination revealed @entity5701 . @entity75 was found on the left thigh later and resected. The @entity1 died of further intracranial @entity3 with repeated @entity548 5 months after the admission. Both CT and MRI findings of our case is atypical as an intracranial @entity320 . However, these are compatible with those of @entity1779 in subacute stage. It is suggested that @entity320 may make the diagnosis difficult when @entity5 @entity548 modifies the images of CT or MRI.

title: [A case of cystic metastatic XXXX --analysis of findings in CT and MRI].

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual disturbance']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['left frontal lobe', 'Primary lesion']

entities_list: @entity5701 :: ('MESH:D018328', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial amelanotic melanoma', 'amelanotic melanoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['intracerebral hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma', 'intracranial melanoma', 'malignant melanoma']

answer: @entity5701 :: (MESH:D018328,Disease) :: ['intracranial amelanotic melanoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The aim of the present study was to identify cluster of differentiation 4(+) ( @entity404 (+)) @entity2902 (+)CD127(-) regulatory T cells (Tregs) and @entity5750 (HLA(-)DR(-))/low myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in @entity1 with @entity0 of varying stages, and investigate their roles and the potential interactions in the prognosis of @entity0 . A total of 40 @entity1 with @entity0 were included in the study. A total of 30 healthy individuals served as the healthy control. Flow cytometry was performed for the identification of biomarkers. Natural Tregs were characterized by the expression of @entity404 (+) @entity2902 (+)CD127(-). The MDSC frequency was expressed as the percentage of @entity9536 (+)HLA(-)DR(-)lineage markers (Lin)(-). The absolute number of Tregs was higher in @entity0 @entity1 compared to the healthy control. The absolute number of Tregs in the @entity1 with @entity0 was higher than those of the stage I or II, respectively. The percentage showed a gradual increase in the @entity1 with @entity0 compared with the normal control. No direct correlation was established between the number or percentage of Tregs and the @entity1 survival. There was a higher percentage of circulating MDSCs in @entity0 @entity1 compared with the normal individuals. A close correlation was established between clinical @entity5 stage and percentage and total number of circulating MDSCs. To be exact, a significant increase of MDSC percentage and total number was observed in @entity1 with @entity0 compared with the other @entity5 @entity1 (stage I-II) and the normal individuals. No statistical difference was observed in the 3- and 5-year survival rates in the @entity0 @entity1 with enhanced expression of Tregs, compared with the normal individuals. In conclusion, enhanced expression of @entity404 (+) @entity2902 (+)CD127(-) Tregs cells and @entity1116 (+)CD11(+)HLA(-)DR(-)LIN(-) MDSCs were identified from @entity1 with @entity0 . @entity1 with advanced stage @entity0 showed upregulation of such cells. However, these 2 types of cells showed no correlation with the prognosis of @entity0 .

title: Identification of XXXX (+) @entity2902 (+)CD127(-) regulatory T cells and @entity5750 (+)HLA(-)DR(-)/low myeloid-derived suppressor cells and their roles in the prognosis of @entity0 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer', 'stage III-IV breast cancer', 'stage III or IV breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5750 :: ('929', 'Gene') :: ['CD14(+) human leukocyte antigen-antigen D-related']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

answer: @entity404 :: (920,Gene) :: ['CD4']