abstract: 355 out- @entity1 with signs of @entity565 were studied with special reference to animal dander sensitization. Case histories allowed the clinical diagnosis of an @entity566 to animal dander in 75 @entity1 (21.1%). Skin testing is a useful means, as large reactions appear in most cases of animal dander @entity566 (60.7% are greater than or equal to + + + -reactions). Skin reactions, however, often are "false positive" or "false negative". Therefore, bronchial provocation tests are necessary if the case history is doubtful and/or the skin reaction is less than a + + + -reaction. There is a positive correlation between skin reaction and bronchial provocation test. No negative inhalation tests were seen when the skin reaction was greater than + + +. However, a positive inhalation test can be correlated with a negative or weakly positive skin test. The probability of common structural properties of different @entity1 dander allergens is discussed. Avoidance of exposure to the animal is recommended as the therapy of choice.

title: [Frequency and correlative relation of diagnostic criteria in animal dander XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity565 :: ('MESH:D001249', 'Disease') :: ['bronchial asthma']

answer: @entity566 :: (MESH:D006967,Disease) :: ['allergy']


abstract: PURPOSE: To validate the prognostic value of interval to @entity177 (IBF) in @entity1 with @entity263 ( @entity263 ) treated with combined-modality radiation therapy (CMRT) with or without @entity342 deprivation therapy (ADT). METHODS AND MATERIALS: We conducted a retrospective review of @entity263 (prostate-specific antigen >20 ng/mL, Gleason score [GS] 8-10, or clinical T stage T3-T4) treated with either dose-escalated external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) or CMRT. Interval to @entity177 was classified as  <=18 or >18 months from the end of all therapy to the date of @entity177 ( @entity177 ). Kaplan-Meier methods and Cox proportional hazards regression were used to evaluate the prognostic value of IBF  <=18 months for @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and @entity263 -specific mortality (PCSM). RESULTS: Of 958 @entity1 with a median follow-up of 63.2 months, 175 @entity1 experienced @entity177 . In those with @entity177 , there were no differences in pretreatment clinical characteristics between the EBRT and CMRT groups, except for a higher proportion of @entity1 with GS 8-10 in the CMRT group (70% vs 52%, P=.02). Median IBF after all therapy was 24.0 months (interquartile range 9.6-46.0) in the EBRT group and 18.9 months (interquartile range 9.2-34.5) in the CMRT group (P=.055). On univariate analysis, IBF  <=18 months was associated with increased risk of @entity3 and PCSM in the entire cohort and the individual EBRT and CMRT groups. On multivariate analysis, only GS 9-10 and IBF  <=18 months, but not the radiation therapy regimen or ADT use, predicted @entity3 (hazard ratio [HR] 3.7, P<.01, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.4-10.3 for GS 9-10; HR 3.9, P<.0001, 95% CI 2.4-6.5 for IBF  <=18 months) and PCSM (HR 14.8, P<.009, 95% CI 2.0-110 for GS 9-10; HR 4.4, P<.0001, 95% CI 2.4-8.1 for IBF  <=18 months). CONCLUSIONS: Short IBF was highly prognostic for higher @entity3 and PCSM in @entity1 with @entity263 . The prognostic value of IBF for @entity3 and PCSM was not affected by the radiation therapy regimen or ADT use.

title: Interval to @entity177 predicts clinical outcomes in XXXX with @entity263 treated by combined-modality radiation therapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['high-risk prostate cancer', 'prostate cancer', 'HiRPCa']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['BF', 'biochemical failure']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['DM', 'distant metastasis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: AIM: Objective of the present study was to isolate @entity291 herpes virus Type 1 ( @entity4374 ) from semen of infected bull and to adapt it onto embryonated eggs and Madin-Darby @entity291 kidney (MDBK) cell line. Further, the virus was identified by agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) test. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Semen samples were collected from five @entity4374 positive bulls previously confirmed for the presence of antibodies against @entity4374 using avidin- @entity1885 enzyme linked immunosorbent assay test. The virus from semen samples was adapted in chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of 11-day-old embryonated @entity1573 eggs and in MDBK cell line. The presence of @entity4374 in infected CAM and cell culture fluid was confirmed by AGID test. RESULTS: Virus infected CAM showed @entity4 , @entity384 and thickening at first passage level. Small foci ranged from 1 to 2 mm in diameter, scattered all over the membrane were observed at first passage. More severe changes were observed in CAM after serial passaging. The large pock lesions, round in shape with opaque raised edge and @entity308 gray central area of @entity39 ranged from 3 to 5 mm in diameter were developed at fourth passage. Blind passages in MDBK cell culture were made. The MDBK cell line at second passage level showed characteristic cytopathic effect viz. rounding of cells with shrinkage, followed by aggregation or clumping of cells which progressed rapidly and appeared as "bunch of grapes" at 72 h post inoculation. Few cells become elongated when compared with uninfected controls. A homogenate of CAM with distinct pock lesions and infected cell culture fluid developed precipitation line within 48 h against specific anti-BHV-1 immune serum by AGID test. CONCLUSION: @entity4374 was easily adapted in CAM of @entity1573 embryos and in MDBK cell line. Virus infected CAM and cell culture fluid showed precipitin band by AGID test.

title: Isolation and adaptation of @entity291 herpes virus Type 1 in embryonated @entity1573 eggs and in Madin-Darby XXXX kidney cell line.

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressed']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['congestion']

entities_list: @entity1573 :: ('9031', 'Species') :: ['chickens', 'chicken']

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['bovine']


abstract: A 39-year-old male experienced unilateral right @entity393 and @entity392 for 7 years and was hospitalized after he suddenly developed severe @entity10 , vertigo, and right @entity3541 . Computed tomography (CT) showed a round, high-density are in the right cerebellopontine angle. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging demonstrated a crescent-shaped region of high signal intensity, representing @entity548 , in the superior aspect of the @entity5 , surrounded by @entity4 . The right internal auditory canal was enlarged. Four-vessel angiography disclosed neither an @entity439 nor an @entity2758 . A right suboccipital craniectomy revealed an encapsulated mass 3 cm in diameter in the right cerebellopontine angle. The @entity5 was totally removed. Histological examination revealed a typical @entity808 composed of Antoni type A and B cells. After undergoing @entity254 of the @entity6256 , the @entity1 was discharged in @entity558 . In this case MR imaging demonstrated @entity548 (which is rare in cases of @entity5513 ) and the surrounding tissue more clearly than did CT scanning.

title: [Massive XXXX within an @entity5513 . Case report].

entities_list: @entity808 :: ('MESH:D009442', 'Disease') :: ['neurinoma']

entities_list: @entity558 :: ('MESH:C536528', 'Disease') :: ['good condition']

entities_list: @entity5513 :: ('MESH:D009464', 'Disease') :: ['acoustic neurinoma']

entities_list: @entity2758 :: ('MESH:D001165', 'Disease') :: ['arteriovenous malformation']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['intratumoral hemorrhage', 'hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity6256 :: ('MESH:D020437', 'Disease') :: ['right hypoglossal and facial nerves']

entities_list: @entity392 :: ('MESH:D014012', 'Disease') :: ['tinnitus']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing loss']

entities_list: @entity3541 :: ('MESH:D005158', 'Disease') :: ['facial paralysis']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

answer: @entity548 :: (MESH:D006470,Disease) :: ['hemorrhage']


abstract: A 85-year-old @entity1 was admitted to our hospital because of a presumtive diagnosis of @entity1151 . The @entity1 presented with a history of progressive dyspnoea and @entity158 . 3-4 weeks ago she had noticed a swollen left leg. On examination a 4/6-pansystolic murmur was found. An arterial blood gas analysis showed a reduced @entity26 saturation. An electrocardiogram revealed deep S-waves in lead I and pathological Q-waves in lead III. The chest X-ray showed @entity1283 , a pulmonary nodule and an ill-defined @entity231 inferioposteriorly. Ventilation-perfusion mismatch was demonstrated by lung ventilation-perfusion scanning. Transthoracic echocardiography showed @entity120 and @entity997 . On the 20th hospital day the @entity1 died from @entity881 . Pulmonary @entity1031 secondary to @entity1150 of the lower extremities was the most likely diagnosis. In view of the @entity1 ' history of night sweat, @entity1277 and weight loss a malignant process had to be taken into consideration. A @entity5 originating from the right ventricle, the right ventricular outflow tract or the pulmonary artery was compatible with the clinical picture of @entity1151 . On autopsy a polymorph cellular sarcoma measuring 6 x 3 x 3 cm was found in the right ventricular outflow tract. Section of the lung revealed a single pulmonary metastasis and multiple thromboemboli of various age. Pulmonary @entity242 , as described in our case, are extremely rare. The prognosis is poor and often the diagnosis is only made on autopsy.

title: [A "typical" case of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity242 :: ('MESH:D012509', 'Disease') :: ['artery sarcomas']

entities_list: @entity1283 :: ('MESH:D006332', 'Disease') :: ['cardiomegaly']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity120 :: ('MESH:D006976', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary hypertension']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['multiple pulmonary emboli', 'pulmonary thromboembolism']

entities_list: @entity1150 :: ('MESH:D020246', 'Disease') :: ['deep venous thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity997 :: ('MESH:D014262', 'Disease') :: ['tricuspid regurgitation']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['thromboembolism']

entities_list: @entity1277 :: ('MESH:D001068', 'Disease') :: ['loss of appetite']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['retrosternal pain']

entities_list: @entity881 :: ('MESH:D009102', 'Disease') :: ['multi organ failure']

answer: @entity1151 :: (MESH:D011655,Disease) :: ['pulmonary embolism']


abstract: The grading system for @entity263 devised by Gleason is a strong prognostic indicator. The primary and secondary patterns are combined to give a @entity5 score, referred to as Gleason score or sum. Gleason scores on biopsy correlate with the prostatectomy Gleason scores, and in combination with pretreatment serum @entity1486 and digital rectal examination results, predict @entity5 stage and lymph node status. However, when only a minute focus of @entity5 is present on biopsy, the Gleason score is assigned by doubling the Gleason pattern. The goal of this study was to determine if a Gleason score assigned to a minimal focus of @entity420 had predictive value. Paired biopsies and prostatectomy specimens from 963 cases of @entity1 with clinically localized @entity263 were examined. Minimal @entity5 on biopsy was defined as less than 1 mm or 5% involvement of one biopsy core; excluded from this definition were biopsies where two Gleason patterns could be identified and/or @entity5 was seen on more than one biopsy core. Terms often used to describe these lesions include "single minute focus of @entity189 " or " @entity420 , too small to give a Gleason grade." One hundred five cases (10.9%) met the above criteria for minimal @entity189 . The correlation of Gleason scores between biopsies and prostatectomy specimens overall was good with exact agreement for 57% of cases and a difference of +/-1 unit in 92% of cases. The correlation for the minimal @entity5 on biopsy and prostatectomy was slightly worse with exact agreement in 52.4% (55 of 105) and a difference of +/-1 unit in 87.6% (92 of 105). The majority of minimal @entity5 (83.8% or 88 of 105) were assigned a Gleason score of 6. A total of 31.8% of these 88 cases were upgraded and 5.7% were downgraded. Multivariate analysis on all cases looking for predictors of @entity5 stage found biopsy Gleason score, perineural invasion, pretreatment prostatic-specific antigen, and digital rectal examination all predicted @entity5 stage with odds ratios of 1.86 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.53-2.27; p = 0.0001), 2.06 (95% CI, 1.43-2.95; p = 0.0001), 1.08 (95% CI, 1.05-1.11; p = 0.0001), and 1.41 (95% CI, 1.04-1.91; p = 0.0289), respectively. In a model restricted to the 105 cases with minimal @entity189 , pretreatment prostatic-specific antigen was the only independent predictor of @entity5 stage with an odds ratio of 1.15 (95% CI, 1.01-1.31; p = 0.0380); Gleason score was not found to significantly predict @entity5 stage (odds ratio, 1.156; p = 0.6680). The results of this study confirm that biopsy Gleason score in most cases predicts prostatectomy Gleason score and @entity5 stage. However, for cases with minimal @entity5 on biopsy, the assigned Gleason score did not predict @entity5 stage. To properly convey this uncertainty to clinicians, a cautionary note should accompany Gleason scores derived from a minimal focus of @entity189 .

title: Should a Gleason score be assigned to a minute focus of XXXX on prostate biopsy?

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer', 'prostate carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'higher tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1486 :: ('354', 'Gene') :: ['prostate-specific antigen']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['carcinoma']


abstract: Adolescents with @entity717 ( @entity717 ) often complete schooling without mastering @entity1957 , even though basic math is essential for math-related challenges in everyday life. Limited @entity73 and low executive functioning (EF) may cause this delay. We aimed to improve math skills in an @entity717 -sample using computerized math training. Also, it was investigated whether EF and math performance were related and whether computerized math training had beneficial effects on EF. The sample consisted of a total of 58 adolescents (12-15 years) from special education. @entity1 were randomly assigned to either the experimental group or a treatment as usual (TAU) group. In the experimental condition, @entity1 received 5 weeks of training. Math performance and EF were assessed before and after the training period. Math performance improved equally in both groups. However, frequently practicing @entity1 improved more than @entity1 in the control group. @entity2414 skills were positively related to addition and subtraction skills. Transfer effects from math training to EF were absent. It is concluded that math skills may increase if a reasonable effort in practicing math skills is made. The relation between @entity2414 skills provides opportunities for improving math performance.

title: Math practice and its influence on math skills and executive functions in adolescents with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['attention to cognitive skills']

entities_list: @entity1957 :: ('MESH:D019957', 'Disease') :: ['basic math skills']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['mild to borderline intellectual disability', 'MBID']

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['Visuo-spatial memory', 'visuo-spatial memory']

answer: @entity717 :: (MESH:D009069,Disease) :: ['mild to borderline intellectual disability']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess challenges to implementation of a new National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) surveillance definition, @entity3137 laboratory-confirmed @entity281 (MBI-LCBI). DESIGN: Multicenter field test. SETTING: Selected locations of acute care hospitals participating in @entity281 (CLABSI) surveillance. METHODS: Hospital staff augmented their CLABSI surveillance for 2 months to incorporate MBI-LCBI: a primary @entity281 due to a selected group of organisms in @entity1 with either @entity1398 or an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant with @entity2132 or @entity294 . Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) staff reviewed submitted data to verify whether CLABSIs met MBI-LCBI criteria and summarized the descriptive epidemiology of cases reported. RESULTS: Eight @entity5 , 2 pediatric, and 28 general acute care hospitals including 193 inpatient units (49% oncology/bone marrow transplant [BMT], 21% adult ward, 20% adult critical care, 6% pediatric, 4% step-down) conducted field testing. Among 906 positive blood cultures reviewed, 282 CLABSIs were identified. Of the 103 CLABSIs that also met MBI-LCBI criteria, 100 (97%) were reported from oncology/BMT locations. Agreement between hospital staff and CDC classification of reported CLABSIs as meeting the MBI-LCBI definition was high (90%; k = 0.82). Most MBI-LCBIs (91%) occurred in @entity1 meeting @entity1398 criteria. Some hospitals indicated that their laboratories' methods of reporting cell counts prevented application of @entity1398 criteria; revised @entity1398 criteria were created using data from field testing. CONCLUSIONS: Hospital staff applied the MBI-LCBI definition accurately. Field testing informed modifications for the January 2013 implementation of MBI-LCBI in the NHSN.

title: XXXX laboratory-confirmed @entity281 : results from a field test of a new National Healthcare Safety Network definition.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['NHSN central line-associated bloodstream infection', 'bloodstream infection']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity2132 :: ('MESH:D006086', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal graft-versus-host disease']

entities_list: @entity3137 :: ('MESH:D009059', 'Disease') :: ['mucosal barrier injury']

answer: @entity3137 :: (MESH:D009059,Disease) :: ['Mucosal barrier injury']


abstract: The authors present the short-term results of a prospective group of 23 casualties with 28 intraarticular dislocated @entity174 of the calcaneus who were treated between November 1994 and May 1996 by open reposition and stabilization by means of a plate, supplemented in 22 cases by autospongioplasty. The most frequent complication as regards healing were @entity281 which were recorded seven times, incl. one case with a @entity281 , which penetrated to the bone. By subsequent treatment the @entity281 was in all instances cured, the next follow-up period being on average 5.6 months (2-8 months). Metal was extracted in 14 cases, incl. seven cases where it was part of treatment of the @entity281 . For closure of the secondary defect in two instances a microsurgically transferred flap was needed. The @entity1 were followed-up on average for 21 months after the primary operation (6-23 months). A total of 26 calcanei from 21 @entity1 were evaluated. The authors compare two evaluation patterns. According to the authors in 16 instances an excellent result was achieved, a good result in 7 and a poor result in 3 @entity1 . The authors are of the opinion that intraarticular @entity174 of the calcaneus should be treated by open reposition and stable synthesis. It is not necessary to operate non-dislocated and minimally dislocated @entity174 , while grossly comminutive @entity174 should be primarily indicated for arthrodesis. The surgeon must be prepared for the treatment of complications incl. a microsurgical solution of secondary defects.

title: [Surgical treatment of (selected) calcaneal XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection', 'infections', 'deep infection']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['fractures']


abstract: PURPOSE: Despite severe abnormalities of the corneal endothelium in the @entity22958 , the @entity267 can remain clear and maintain its normal thickness for years before @entity2687 occurs. The aim of this study is to analyze this discrepancy by studying corneal hydration control in the ICE syndrome. METHODS: In four subjects with @entity22958 , without signs of @entity2687 , a "corneal stress test" was performed in both the affected and the unaffected eye. The stress test measures the recovery of corneal thickness after @entity4 induced by wearing a soft contact lens with the eyes closed. Corneal thickness was measured by noncontact pachymetry. RESULTS: Mean baseline corneal thickness of affected eyes (535+/-56 microm) was not different from unaffected eyes (526+/-39 microm). On the other hand, the corneal stress test showed a smaller induced @entity4 in affected eyes (33+/-15 microm) compared with unaffected eyes (67+/-11 microm) and a slower recovery of corneal thickness in affected eyes. In one of four subjects, the @entity267 of the affected eye was calculated not yet to have recovered its original thickness before midnight. After this finding, although the @entity267 of this subject did not show any signs of clinical decompensation, the study was discontinued. CONCLUSIONS: Corneal hydration control is altered in the ICE syndrome. The ICE @entity267 can maintain its normal thickness despite severe morphologic abnormalities of the endothelium. Because we found that recovery of corneal thickness can be extremely slow, it cannot be guaranteed that such corneal "stress tests" are completely safe for subjects with the ICE syndrome, and we therefore feel that they should no longer be performed in these subjects.

title: Reduced @entity4 and deswelling response in the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity22958 :: ('MESH:D057129', 'Disease') :: ['iridocorneal endothelial (ICE) syndrome', 'unilateral ICE syndrome']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['swelling']

entities_list: @entity2687 :: ('MESH:D003316', 'Disease') :: ['corneal decompensation']

answer: @entity22958 :: (MESH:D057129,Disease) :: ['iridocorneal endothelial syndrome']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Sonographic size of suspicious @entity1374 is an essential parameter in the evaluation of thyroid nodules, determining the need for needle biopsy and has impact on the extent of surgery. Limited data is available on the correlation between the size of the thyroid nodule on sonography and the actual size measured during histological examination. The aim of the present study was to compare these two modalities and to discuss the potential clinical implications of the findings in the study population. METHODS: The database of Rabin Medical Center was reviewed for all @entity1 with histologically proven @entity3557 treated by thyroid surgery between 2005 and 2010. RESULTS: 292 @entity1 with @entity3557 were included. The mean sonographic size of the nodule was 2.19    1.15 cm. The mean pathological diameter was 1.69    1.09 cm. Discrepancies between @entity5 histological diameter and the sonographically measurement were more prominent in @entity5 larger than 1.5 cm. Nonetheless, 18.8% of thyroid nodules that were measured by US as larger than 1cm, were found to be smaller than 1cm on final pathology. Similarly, 7.2% of nodules evaluated by sonography were determined as being larger than 4 cm, while their definitive size was smaller than 4 cm. CONCLUSIONS: We noted a significant discrepancy between the preoperative sonographic and the pathologic size measurements for @entity3557 . The sonographic evaluation misclassifies both @entity1 with small and large @entity259 , and consequently exposes them to unnecessary workup and more extensive operation. This discrepancy between the ultrasound findings and actual @entity5 size should be taken into account in clinical practice and help guide the evaluation and treatment of @entity1 with thyroid nodules.

title: Size discrepancy between sonographic and pathological evaluation of solitary XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3557 :: ('MESH:C536915', 'Disease') :: ['papillary thyroid carcinoma', 'papillary carcinoma of the thyroid']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity259 :: ('MESH:D013964', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid tumors']

entities_list: @entity1374 :: ('MESH:D013959', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid lesions']

answer: @entity3557 :: (MESH:C536915,Disease) :: ['papillary thyroid carcinoma']


abstract: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a @entity5 treatment based on the interaction of a photosensitizer, light and @entity26 . PDT with the endogenous photosensitizer, @entity13880 ( @entity13880 ) induced by @entity2518 (ALA) or its derivatives is a modification of this treatment modality with successful application in dermatology. However, the mechanism of cell destruction by ALA-PDT has not been elucidated. In this study a @entity1 @entity784 Jurkat cell line was treated with PDT using @entity29721 ( @entity18899 , hexylester of ALA). Four hours following treatment nearly 80% of the cells exhibited typical apoptotic features. Mitochondrial pro-apoptotic proteins were evaluated by Western blots in subcellular fractionated samples. PDT caused cytosolic translocation of @entity4674 and nuclear redistribution of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF), but the release of mitochondrial @entity17205 / @entity17205 , Omi/ @entity36828 and @entity17836 was not observed. The release of @entity4674 was followed by the cleavage of @entity8187 and @entity522 as well as its downstream substrates, together with oligonucleosomal DNA fragmentation. The pan-caspases inhibitor, z-VAD.fmk, prevented oligonucleosomal DNA fragmentation, but failed to inhibit PDT-mediated apoptosis. The apoptotic induction by AIF-mediated caspase-independent pathway was also found after HAL-PDT with large-scale DNA fragmentation in the presence of z-VAD.fmk. These results demonstrate that @entity4674 -mediated caspase-dependent pathway and AIF-induced caspase-independent pathway are simultaneously involved in the apoptotic induction by PDT. When the @entity4674 -induced caspase-dependent pathway is blocked, the cells go into apoptosis via AIF-mediated pathway, clearly demonstrating that the @entity4674 -mediated caspase-dependent pathway is not required for such apoptotic induction. This finding may have an impact on improved PDT effectiveness.

title: Involvement of both caspase-dependent and -independent pathways in apoptotic induction by @entity29721 -mediated photodynamic therapy in XXXX lymphoma cells.

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity784 :: ('MESH:D016399', 'Disease') :: ['T-cell lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity2518 :: ('CHEBI:17549', 'Chemical') :: ['5-aminolevulinic acid']

entities_list: @entity29721 :: ('MESH:C419924', 'Chemical') :: ['hexaminolevulinate']

entities_list: @entity13880 :: ('MESH:C028025', 'Chemical') :: ['PpIX', 'protoporphyrin IX']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Unrelated cord blood transplantation (UCBT) is associated with delayed @entity1583 recovery. Intrabone injection of cord blood cells (IB-UCBT) and double-UCBT (dUCBT) are designed to circumvent this problem. METHODS: In a retrospective registry-based analysis, we compared outcomes of 87 IB-UCBT with 149 dUCBT recipients, after myeloablative conditioning regimen adjusting for the differences between the two groups. Median-infused total nucleated cells were 2.5 10/kg for IB-UCBT and 3.9 10/kg for dUCBT (P<0.001). RESULTS: At day +30, cumulative incidence (CI) of neutrophil recovery was 76% and 62% (P=0.014) with a median time to engraftment of 23 and 28 days (P=0.001), after IB-UCBT and dUCBT, respectively. At day +180, CI of platelets recovery was 74% after IB-UCBT, and 64%, after dUCBT (P=0.003). In multivariate analysis, IB-UCBT was associated with neutrophil and platelets recovery and lower @entity2132 (II-IV) (P<0.01). At 2 years, CI of nonrelapse mortality and relapse incidence were 30% and 25% after IB-UCBT and 34% and 29% after dUCBT, and disease-free survival was 45% and 37%, respectively. However, after landmark analysis at 4.7 months from transplantation, in multivariate analysis, relapse incidence was reduced (P=0.03), and there was a trend for better disease-free survival after IB-UCBT (P=0.09). CONCLUSION: Both approaches expand the possibility of offering UCBT to @entity1 with @entity1583 ; IB-UCBT is associated with faster myeloid and platelet recovery and lower @entity2132 and may reduce the total cost. However, studies on cost effectiveness are needed to compare both strategies.

title: Unrelated cord blood transplantation: outcomes after single-unit intrabone injection compared with double-unit intravenous injection in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2132 :: ('MESH:D006086', 'Disease') :: ['acute graft versus host disease']

entities_list: @entity1583 :: ('MESH:D019337', 'Disease') :: ['hematopoietic malignancies', 'hematopoietic']

answer: @entity1583 :: (MESH:D019337,Disease) :: ['hematological malignancies']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To analyze the relationships between sleep duration, @entity27 ( @entity27 ), and markers of insulin resistance in @entity28 @entity1 . STUDY DESIGN: Forty @entity28 @entity1 were evaluated for @entity25 . Each @entity1 underwent a polysomnogram, an oral @entity413 tolerance test (OGTT), and fasting lipid panel tests. Indices of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR and WBISI) and @entity29165 were calculated based on the results of the OGTT. Markers of insulin resistance were compared among groups categorized according to polysomnogram results. RESULTS: Subjects with shorter sleep duration had higher fasting insulin, peak insulin, and HOMA-IR levels and lower WBISI levels, findings suggestive of insulin resistance. In contrast, differences in body mass index z scores were not observed. Subjects with @entity27 (32 of 40 @entity1 ) had higher @entity412 levels and HOMA-IR values than those without @entity27 , but did not differ in sleep duration. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that HOMA-IR was significantly correlated with age, sleep duration, and percentage of @entity11755 . CONCLUSIONS: Insulin resistance in @entity28 @entity1 is associated with short sleep duration and @entity27 .

title: Association between inadequate sleep and insulin resistance in @entity28 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'child']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['sleep-related complaints']

entities_list: @entity29165 :: ('7441', 'Gene') :: ['insulin secretion (IGI)']

entities_list: @entity27 :: ('MESH:D020181', 'Disease') :: ['OSAS', 'obstructive sleep apnea syndrome']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity11755 :: ('MESH:D020187', 'Disease') :: ['rapid-eye-movement sleep']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: We reviewed @entity5 from two groups of @entity1 with @entity0 , distinguished by differences in outcome. One group (85 cases) survived more than 8.5 years without @entity5 recurrence; the other 85 cases had recurrent disease within 2 years. Histologic and immunocytochemical studies on all cases were performed without @entity1 identifiers and prior to review of clinical prognostic factors. As expected, lymph node and @entity172 receptor status differed substantially between the groups, but menopausal status and family history for @entity0 did not. We noted that 27% of node-negative @entity1 died within 5 years, and nine @entity1 with four or more @entity5 -containing nodes were symptom-free for over 8.5 years. Histologic grade (degree of tubule formation) and nuclear grade (including mitotic rate) differed significantly between the groups, as did vascular invasion, including both lymphatics and blood vessels. Prognostic value attached to @entity5 border only when fat was invaded without fibroblastic or inflammatory response (P = .012). Subgrouping cases of infiltrating @entity513 (not otherwise specified) was prognostically informative in the B subgroup, 69% of whom were in the rapidly recurrent @entity5 group. Immunocytochemical staining for @entity1722 was positive in 19.3% of cases, but was equally distributed between the two outcome groups. We conclude that traditional histologic parameters are highly informative, and that @entity1722 studies do not increase the value of histologic diagnosis.

title: A retrospective analysis of XXXX based on outcome differences.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity513 :: ('MESH:D044584', 'Disease') :: ['ductal carcinoma']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: An @entity2142 induced by @entity551 seen in a 72-year-old @entity1 was reported. The @entity1 had been suffering from @entity11460 with @entity304 for six years and he had severe @entity551 , @entity1163 and generalized @entity410 when he stood up. The @entity410 sometimes associated with @entity322 , ceased immediately when he lay down although he remained drowsy for a while. Occasionally the @entity410 ceased spontaneously and he regained consciousness even while he was kept standing. On lying position his blood pressure was 167/88 mmHg and no abnormality was seen in electroencephalogram. When he was tilted up to 50 degrees his blood pressure fell to 70/46 mmHg, and he became unconscious followed by jaw twitching and generalized clonic @entity410 . Electroencephalogram during @entity410 showed sharp wave and rhythmic spikes. Other laboratory examination revealed diffuse and severe @entity5433 and slight @entity194 on brain CT scanning. He was treated with @entity3174 300 mg/day and the @entity410 responded partially. The reasons why the @entity1 's @entity410 was thought to be @entity302 rather than the @entity410 @entity1163 were as follows: the type of the @entity410 was similar to an @entity302 generalized @entity410 , the @entity410 and unconsciousness ceased spontaneously even during standing position, the @entity410 and @entity1662 partially responded to @entity3174 administration. The underlying pathophysiology of the @entity410 was thought to be transient @entity1779 induced by @entity551 .

title: [Orthostatically induced XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['convulsive', 'seizure', 'convulsion']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['urinary incontinence']

entities_list: @entity304 :: ('MESH:D010302', 'Disease') :: ['parkinsonism']

entities_list: @entity194 :: ('MESH:D001284', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral atrophy']

entities_list: @entity3174 :: ('MESH:D010672', 'Chemical') :: ['diphenylhydantoin']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epileptic']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral hypoperfusion']

entities_list: @entity2142 :: ('MESH:D006461', 'Disease') :: ['epileptoid attack']

entities_list: @entity5433 :: ('MESH:C563939', 'Disease') :: ['autonomic dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['orthostatic hypotension']

entities_list: @entity11460 :: ('MESH:D012791', 'Disease') :: ['progressive autonomic failure']

entities_list: @entity1662 :: ('MESH:D003244', 'Disease') :: ['impaired consciousness']

answer: @entity2142 :: (MESH:D006461,Disease) :: ['epileptoid attack']


abstract: @entity9634 ( @entity6207 ) synthesis is required for grain-fill in @entity2829 and appears to be regulated by cell-wall invertase (CWIN) activity. OsYUC12 is one of three @entity6207 biosynthesis genes we previously reported as expressed during early @entity579 grain development, correlating with a large increase in @entity6207 content of the grain. This work aimed to investigate further the role of OsYUC12 and its relationship to CWIN activity and invertase inhibitors (INVINH). The analysis shows a brief peak of OsYUC12 expression early in endosperm development. Meta-analysis of microarray data, confirmed by quantitative expression analysis, revealed that OsYUC12 is coexpressed with OsIAA29, which encodes an unusual AUX/ @entity6207 transcription factor previously reported as poorly expressed. Maximum expression of OsYUC12 and OsIAA29 coincided with maximum CWIN activity, but also with a peak in INVINH expression. Unlike ZmYUC1, OsYUC12 expression is not reduced in the @entity579 CWIN mutant, gif1. Several reports have investigated CWIN expression in @entity579 grains but none has reported on expression of INVINH in this species. We show that @entity579 has 54 genes encoding putative invertase/pectin methylesterase inhibitors, seven of which are expressed exclusively during grain development. Our results suggest a more complex relationship between @entity6207 , CWIN, and INVINH than previously proposed.

title: Auxin and Cell Wall Invertase Related Signaling during XXXX Grain Development.

entities_list: @entity9634 :: ('MESH:C030737', 'Chemical') :: ['Indole-3-acetic acid']

answer: @entity579 :: (4530,Species) :: ['Rice']


abstract: The purpose of this study is to determine erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), @entity1851 ( @entity1851 ), @entity5475 ( @entity5475 ) and @entity165 levels in @entity1 with @entity8972 ( @entity8972 ) and determine the relationship of these parameters with the severity of disease. By polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method 40 @entity1 were diagnosed as @entity8972 and 39 volunteer without any @entity262 whose blood were taken and their serum separated. @entity5475 , @entity1851 and ESR were measured with ELISA, nephelometry and Mix-Rate x100 vital diagnostic device, respectively, in serum samples. High density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and total @entity165 levels were determined by using autoanalyzer HDL, LDL and total @entity165 kit (Syncron LX20). Statistically significant difference was determined between @entity1 and controls in terms of the levels of @entity5475 , @entity1851 , HDL, LDL and total @entity165 (p<0.05). However, there was no significant difference between the groups in terms of the levels of ESR. In addition, neither @entity5475 , @entity1851 , ESR nor HDL, LDL and total @entity165 levels varied with the severity of disease in the cases assessed (p>0.05). Using of @entity1851 and @entity5475 together might increase the sensitivity of diagnosis of @entity8972 . However, none of the parameters investigated in this study were found to be a proper marker of the prognosis in @entity8972 . @entity165 levels were significantly decreased in @entity1 with @entity8972 , which was suggested to be associated with the increased serum levels of @entity5475 in the @entity1 group.

title: Some acute phase reactants and @entity165 levels in serum of @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity262 :: ('MESH:D034721', 'Disease') :: ['systemic disease']

entities_list: @entity8972 :: ('MESH:D006479', 'Disease') :: ['Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever', 'CCHF', 'CCHF infection']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['Cholesterol', 'cholesterol']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['CRP', 'C - reactive protein']

answer: @entity8972 :: (MESH:D006479,Disease) :: ['Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever']


abstract: This research assesses the development of the night-activity rhythm and quality of sleep during course of treatment among @entity1 with @entity162 and receiving antidepressant treatment plus @entity1089 . Twenty-seven @entity1 with major @entity308 were included into a 4-week follow-up study and compared with 27 healthy controls. Motor activity was continuously measured with an electronic wrist device (actigraphy), sleep was assessed with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and @entity1 were clinically assessed with the Hamilton @entity308 score. All @entity1 received a standard antidepressant treatment plus @entity1089 . Whereas we found a rapid and maintaining improvement of subjective @entity25 during the 4-week study, we observed a rapid improvement of some objective @entity25 (actigraph) within the first week, but no further significant change of objective @entity25 during the rest of the study. Another main finding of this study is that changes of subjectively and objectively assessed @entity25 do not necessarily reflect clinical improvement of @entity308 during the same timeline. Despite partial clinical remission, objective @entity25 still showed significantly different patterns compared with controls. This study is the first to examine the effect of @entity1089 on locomotor activity alongside with sleep in @entity308 . As the studied @entity1 with @entity308 showed improvement in subjective and objective @entity25 , @entity1089 may be a promising drug for @entity1 with @entity308 and @entity22 . Further studies need to investigate in detail the timeline of clinical remission and alterations of objective and subjective @entity25 .

title: Night locomotor activity and quality of sleep in @entity1089 -treated @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['unipolar or bipolar depression']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression', 'depressive episode']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['sleep parameters']

entities_list: @entity1089 :: ('MESH:C069541', 'Chemical') :: ['quetiapine']

entities_list: @entity22 :: ('MESH:D007319', 'Disease') :: ['insomnia']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['depression']


abstract: One-shot intravenous injection of @entity5646 ( @entity5647 ), a @entity16397 -class @entity3405 antibiotic, 20 mg/kg was administered to 4 neonates and 2 premature @entity1 , a total of 6 cases, and plasma and urinary concentrations and urinary recovery rates were determined. Also, one-shot intravenous injection averaging 70.9 mg/kg/day of @entity5647 alone was given to 0- to 43-day neonates and premature @entity1 in b.i.d. to q.i.d. for an average of 8 days for the treatment (6 cases) and prophylaxis (11 cases) of @entity281 . Furthermore, a combination therapy of @entity5647 and @entity869 (ABPC) was applied to 0- to 79-day neonates and premature @entity1 for the treatment (28 cases) and prophylaxis (18 cases) of @entity281 . Average daily dosage of @entity5647 46.6 mg/kg was given by one-shot intravenous injection or by drip infusion in b.i.d. or t.i.d. for an average of 8 days. Average daily dosage of ABPC 78.6 mg/kg was given in the same daily frequency, route and average duration as @entity5647 . Thus, clinical effects, prophylactic effects against @entity281 , bacteriological effects as well as side effects and clinical laboratory test values were studied with the following results. 1. When @entity5647 20 mg/kg was administered to 1 case each of 6- and 7-day neonates by one-shot intravenous injection, the plasma concentrations were the highest at 5 minutes after the administration in both cases. Specifically, they were 62.9 and 72.7 micrograms/ml with AUCs of 216.6 and 231.6 micrograms.hr/ml and half-lives of 2.80 and 2.97 hours, respectively. When @entity5647 20 mg/kg was administered to 5- and 6-day premature @entity1 by one-shot intravenous injection, the plasma concentrations were the highest at 15 minutes after administration in the former and 5 minutes in the latter, at values of 59.8 and 67.7 micrograms/ml, respectively. AUCs were 356.6 and 363.2 micrograms.hr/ml, respectively, and larger than AUCs of the above-mentioned neonates. Half-lives were 5.74 and 4.87 hours, respectively and longer than those of the above-mentioned neonates. When @entity5647 20 mg/kg was administered to 8- and 13-day neonates by one-shot intravenous injection, the plasma concentrations were the highest at 30 minutes after administration in the former and 5 minutes in the latter, at values of 43.4 and 76.9 micrograms/ml, respectively. AUCs were 202.9 and 189.8 micrograms.hr/ml, and 76.9 micrograms/ml, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: [Pharmacokinetic and clinical evaluations of @entity5646 monotherapy and @entity5646 and @entity869 combination therapy in neonates and premature XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity16397 :: ('CHEBI:50695', 'Chemical') :: ['monobactam']

entities_list: @entity3405 :: ('CHEBI:35627', 'Chemical') :: ['beta-lactam']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection', 'infections']

entities_list: @entity869 :: ('MESH:D000667', 'Chemical') :: ['ampicillin']

entities_list: @entity5646 :: ('MESH:D001398', 'Chemical') :: ['aztreonam']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['infants']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The increasing numbers of @entity5 survivors treated with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) face numerous challenges after their transplant procedure. Little information has been published regarding the coping process of this population. Understanding how they cope with this life-threatening disease can assist healthcare professionals to provide holistic care. PURPOSE: This study was designed to elicit the coping process of adults experiencing @entity3052 who underwent HSCT therapy. METHODS: This longitudinal qualitative study and grounded theory took place during 2009-2011. Ten adults with @entity3052 scheduled for HSCT were recruited from Shariati Hospital in Tehran, Iran. A series of pretransplant and posttransplant interviews were held in the hospital's HSCT units. Final interviews took place 2-6 months posttransplant in the hospital's outpatient clinic. RESULTS: The five categories that emerged from the data included perceived threat, suspension between fear and hope, rebirth, contextual factors, and coping strategies. Although @entity1 vacillated within the coping spectrum (i.e., the "buffer zone" between fighting and acquiescing), "finding meaning" was identified as the final outcome of their experience that indicated effective coping. CONCLUSIONS/IMPLICATION FOR PRACTICE: Each @entity1 perceives @entity1778 and HSCT therapy uniquely. This life-threatening disease can significantly affect @entity1 perception and change @entity1 lives both temporarily and permanently. Nurses can apply effective interventions to help @entity1 cope with their unique situation, find meaning and hope, and allay fear and stress.

title: The coping process in adults with XXXX undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['leukemia cancer']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute leukemia']

answer: @entity3052 :: (MESH:D015470,Disease) :: ['acute leukemia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the @entity5 control and survival data after transarterial chemoembolization with different drug combinations in the palliative treatment of @entity1 with liver @entity3 of @entity356 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was retrospectively performed. 56 @entity1 (mean age, 52.4) with unresectable liver @entity3 of @entity356 who did not respond to systemic chemotherapy were repeatedly treated with TACE in 4-week intervals. In total, 310 chemoembolization procedures were performed (mean, 5.5 sessions per @entity1 ). The local chemotherapy protocol consisted of @entity1138 alone (30.4%), @entity1138 and @entity136 (33.9%), or @entity1138 , @entity136 and @entity900 (35.7%). Embolization was performed with lipiodol and starch microspheres. Local @entity5 response was evaluated by MRI according to RECIST. Survival data from first chemoembolization were calculated according to the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS: The @entity5 control was: complete response in 1.8% (n=1), partial response in 1.8% (n=1), stable disease in 51.8% (n=29) and progressive disease in 44.6% (n=25) of @entity1 . The 1-, 2-, and 3-year survival rate from the start of chemoembolization were 58%, 38%, and 23% respectively. The median and mean survival times were 13 and 27.1 months. A Statistically significant difference between @entity1 treated with different chemotherapy protocols was noted (  =0.045) with the best survival time in the @entity1138 , @entity136 and @entity900 group. CONCLUSION: Transarterial chemoembolization is a minimally invasive therapy option for palliative treatment of liver @entity3 in @entity1 with @entity356 .

title: Repetitive transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) of liver XXXX from @entity356 : local control and survival results.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'local tumor']

entities_list: @entity1138 :: ('MESH:D016685', 'Chemical') :: ['mitomycin']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['gemcitabine']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['metastases']


abstract: This study was conducted to determine 1) the incidence of @entity41981 among @entity1 during the childbearing year and 2) the location of the condition along the linea alba. Clinicians have long noted its presence, prenatally and postnatally, but the magnitude of the problem is currently unknown. A cross-sectional design was used to test 71 primiparous @entity1 placed in one of five groups, based on placement within the childbearing year. A commonly accepted test for @entity41981 was performed. Palpation for @entity41981 at the linea alba was performed 4.5 cm above, 4.5 cm below, and at the umbilicus. Diastases were observed at all three places, but most often at the umbilicus. A significant relationship (p less than .05) was found between a @entity1 's placement in her childbearing year and the presence or absence of the condition. @entity41981 was observed initially in the @entity1 in the second trimester group. Its incidence peaked in the third trimester group; remained high in the @entity1 in the immediate postpartum group; and declined, but did not disappear, in the later postpartum group. These findings demonstrate the importance of testing for @entity41981 above, below, and at the umbilicus throughout and after the childbearing year.

title: Incidence of XXXX during the childbearing year.

entities_list: @entity41981 :: ('MESH:C535586', 'Disease') :: ['Diastasis recti abdominis', 'diastasis recti abdominis']

answer: @entity41981 :: (MESH:C535586,Disease) :: ['diastasis recti abdominis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Because of the high global prevalence of @entity281 ( @entity281 ), a key challenge in endemic settings is distinguishing @entity1 with active @entity1906 from @entity1 with overlapping clinical symptoms without active @entity1906 but with co-existing @entity281 . Current methods are insufficiently accurate. Plasma proteomic fingerprinting can resolve this difficulty by providing a molecular snapshot defining disease state that can be used to develop point-of-care diagnostics. METHODS: Plasma and clinical data were obtained prospectively from @entity1 attending community @entity1906 clinics in Peru and from household contacts. Plasma was subjected to high-throughput proteomic profiling by mass spectrometry. Statistical pattern recognition methods were used to define mass spectral patterns that distinguished @entity1 with active @entity1906 from symptomatic controls with or without @entity281 . RESULTS: 156 @entity1 with active @entity1906 and 110 symptomatic controls ( @entity1 with @entity1576 without active @entity1906 ) were investigated. Active @entity1906 @entity1 were distinguishable from undifferentiated symptomatic controls with accuracy of 87% (sensitivity 84%, specificity 90%), from symptomatic controls with @entity281 (accuracy of 87%, sensitivity 89%, specificity 82%) and from symptomatic controls without @entity281 (accuracy 90%, sensitivity 90%, specificity 92%). CONCLUSIONS: We show that active @entity1906 can be distinguished accurately from @entity281 in symptomatic clinic attenders using a plasma proteomic fingerprint. Translation of biomarkers derived from this study into a robust and affordable point-of-care format will have significant implications for recognition and control of active @entity1906 in high prevalence settings.

title: Discriminating active from latent tuberculosis in XXXX presenting to community clinics.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['latent TB infection', 'LTBI']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory symptoms']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: @entity25937 was delineated based on its distinctive phenotype including severe failure-to-thrive with @entity4651 , characteristic facial features, @entity1121 , @entity17983 , @entity5 , and @entity73 . Heterozygous germline mutations in the proto-oncogene @entity8498 cause @entity25937 , and its inheritance pattern would thus be autosomal dominant. With exception of two instances of parental mosaicism, one presumed gonadal and the other proven somatic mosaicism for the @entity44348 change, all published cases resulted from de novo mutations, typically arising in the paternal germline. More than 90% of these mutations affect the @entity2228 residues in position 12 or 13, and result in a gain-of-function of the altered protein. A rare heterozygous @entity8498 alteration ( @entity40207 ; @entity44349 ) associated with an attenuated phenotype was previously reported in one @entity1 . We identified two additional individuals with this mutation, father and son. Further studies supported origin of the alteration in the grand-paternal germline. Transmission of the mutation underscores its attenuated phenotype compatible with reproduction. We reviewed the phenotype in the newly identified individuals ( @entity1 1, 2) and include updated information on the first previously reported individual with @entity8498 @entity44349 ( @entity1 3). @entity4651 was present in all three. Cardiac findings included @entity1121 with @entity1147 ; or @entity3454 in one @entity1 each. While subtle @entity16 or @entity245 were present in all, only one showed significant @entity73 . None developed @entity17983 or a @entity5 . Genetic counseling for @entity25937 needs to take into consideration the particular @entity8498 mutation.

title: Transmission of the rare @entity8498 mutation ( XXXX ; @entity44349 ) further illustrates its attenuated phenotype.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity2228 :: ('CHEBI:57305', 'Chemical') :: ['glycine']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant tumor', 'malignant tumors']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment', 'cognitive and functional impairment']

entities_list: @entity44348 :: ('p|SUB|G|12|S', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['p.G12S']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurologic abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity245 :: ('MESH:D002658', 'Disease') :: ['developmental delay']

entities_list: @entity3454 :: ('MESH:D008945', 'Disease') :: ['mitral valve prolapse']

entities_list: @entity1147 :: ('MESH:D004310', 'Disease') :: ['double-chambered right ventricle']

entities_list: @entity1121 :: ('MESH:D002312', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophic cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity44349 :: ('p|SUB|T|58|I', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['p.T58I']

entities_list: @entity4651 :: ('MESH:D058627', 'Disease') :: ['Macrocephaly', 'macrocephaly']

entities_list: @entity17983 :: ('MESH:C535988', 'Disease') :: ['papillomata']

entities_list: @entity25937 :: ('MESH:D056685', 'Disease') :: ['Costello syndrome']

answer: @entity40207 :: (c|SUB|C|173|T,DNAMutation) :: ['c. 173C > T']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Work-related @entity272 is common but few cases are documented in statutory reports or disability systems. Voluntary reporting by specialist physicians provides more complete information. AIMS: To summarize incidence rates of work-related @entity272 reported by consultant dermatologists and occupational physicians, with emphasis on contact and @entity56 by occupation and industry. METHODS: Cases reported in 1996-2001 to the EPIDERM and OPRA national surveillance schemes were analysed by causal agent, occupation and industry, with incidence rates calculated against appropriate denominators. RESULTS: Average annual incidence rates based on data from dermatologists were 97 per million overall, 74 for contact @entity1909 and 14 for @entity5 . The corresponding rates for occupational physicians were 623 overall, 510 and 2, respectively. For infective disease, the rates for occupational physicians were 28 compared to 2 for dermatologists. Contact @entity1909 was most frequently attributed to rubber chemicals, soaps and cleaners, wet work, @entity3406 and acrylics; most cases of contact @entity110 were attributed to rubber chemicals or foods and flour. The pattern of incidence rates by occupation and industry was complex, but correlated with the probable type of exposure. Rates of contact @entity1909 were highest among skilled workers in the petrochemical and rubber and plastic manufacturing industries, with machine operators and technical workers in metal and automotive industries also at increased risk. High proportions of cases attributed to rubber chemicals were in nurses and technicians in the health and social services. CONCLUSIONS: These findings identify jobs and types of work where contact with causal agents is common and potentially preventable.

title: Incidence by occupation and industry of work-related XXXX in the United Kingdom, 1996-2001.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplasia']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic dermatitis']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin disease', 'skin diseases']

entities_list: @entity1909 :: ('MESH:D003872', 'Disease') :: ['dermatitis']

entities_list: @entity110 :: ('MESH:D014581', 'Disease') :: ['urticaria']

answer: @entity272 :: (MESH:D012871,Disease) :: ['skin diseases']


abstract: Glucocorticoids are potent inhibitors of @entity19 skin tumorigenesis. The glucocorticoid control of cellular functions is mediated via the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), a well-known transcription factor. Recently, we generated @entity19 overexpressing GR under control of the @entity22981 (K5) promoter, and showed that K5.GR animals are resistant to @entity105 . Follicular epithelial stem cells (SCs), located in the bulge region of the hair follicle, are believed to be one of the target cells for @entity105 . We found that the number of putative hair follicle SC detected as label-retaining cells was significantly less in the K5.GR transgenics compared to wild type (w.t.) littermates. We also showed that GR overexpression led to a reduction in the clonogenicity of the follicular epithelial SCs. We evaluated the global effect of GR on gene expression in a population of follicular SC-enriched bulge keratinocytes isolated by fluorescence activated cell sorting. We found that GR affected the expression of numerous bulge SC 'signature' genes, genes involved in the maintenance of SC and progenitor cells of non-epidermal origin and proapoptotic genes. Our findings underscore the important role of GR signaling in the homeostasis of follicular epithelial SCs, and suggest that the reduction in their number may underlie the @entity5 suppressor effect of GR in the skin.

title: The XXXX suppressor effect of the glucocorticoid receptor in skin is mediated via its effect on follicular epithelial stem cells.

entities_list: @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mouse', 'transgenic mice']

entities_list: @entity105 :: ('MESH:D063646', 'Disease') :: ['skin carcinogenesis']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumor']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity1346 punctal plugs are widely used to conserve moisture in @entity735 . We studied the efficacy and tolerability of punctal plugs in symptom reduction and improvement of @entity2194 parameters in @entity936 . METHODS: We reviewed the records of 50 consecutive @entity1 with @entity936 who were symptomatic despite maximally tolerable lubricant therapy and had bilateral lower punctal plug insertion. After plug insertion, all @entity1 (41 @entity1 and nine @entity1 ) had 6 months or more of follow-up. The subjects ranged in age from 22 to 57 years (mean, 30 years). We recorded subjective and objective improvement of @entity2194 , frequency of lubricant use, need for upper @entity432 , and occurrence of complications after plug insertion. We determined plug retention rates using Kaplan-Meier analyses and assessed associated factors using Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS: Six months after initial plug placement, 43 of 50 @entity1 (86%) were symptom free, 28 of them (56%) with plugs alone, and 38 @entity1 (76%) had stopped using lubricants on a daily basis. Spontaneous loss of plugs was common, especially in the initial 3 months of follow-up. Considering all plugs, the estimated probability of plug retention was 63% after 6 months of follow-up. Puncta refitted after initial plug loss were twice as likely to lose the replacement plug (P =.02). Upper punctal plugs showed a 4.3-fold higher risk of loss compared with plugs inserted in lower puncta (P <.0001). CONCLUSIONS: There is both a reduced dependency on artificial lubricants and relief of symptoms of @entity936 after punctal plugs. However, spontaneous plug loss occurs in a substantial minority of @entity1 . @entity1 education and close follow-up, particularly in the first 3 months, is recommended to detect plug loss and ensure adequate control of the disease.

title: Efficacy and tolerability outcomes after @entity432 with @entity1346 plugs in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'Patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity2194 :: ('MESH:D005128', 'Disease') :: ['ocular surface disease']

entities_list: @entity735 :: ('MESH:D005124', 'Disease') :: ['tear-deficient eyes']

entities_list: @entity1346 :: ('MESH:D012828', 'Chemical') :: ['Silicone']

entities_list: @entity936 :: ('MESH:D015352', 'Disease') :: ['dry eye syndrome', 'dry eye']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['punctal occlusion']

answer: @entity936 :: (MESH:D015352,Disease) :: ['dry eye syndrome']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The stomach is an uncommon site for @entity3 , and most of the reported examples would appear to have been caused by direct invasion from primary @entity5 . @entity3 to the stomach are extremely rare, and few cases have been reported in the literature. This study was intended to evaluate the character of and the prognosis for metastasized @entity5 of the stomach. METHOD: We evaluated the medical records of @entity1 who had presented at the National Taiwan University Hospital over a period of 10 years prior to writing who had @entity5 and had developed @entity3 to the stomach. We evaluated the histology, initial presentations, imaging findings, lesion locations, treatment courses, and overall @entity1 survival. RESULT: From October 1995 to October 2004 inclusively, only 18 @entity1 featuring known @entity5 with @entity3 to the stomach were found. The male to female ratio was 10:8. The initial symptom for 13 study @entity1 was @entity548 from the @entity3 @entity5 , and the remaining 5 experienced a variety of other symptoms. The site of the @entity3 was the gastric body for 9 @entity1 , the gastric antrum for 6, the @entity418 or fundus for 2, and the entire stomach for 1. The time period elapsing between the emergence of the primary @entity5 and the gastric @entity3 was less than 2 years for 3 @entity1 and about 5-6 years for another 2 @entity1 . The mean time elapsing from the diagnosis of gastric @entity3 to @entity1 @entity204 was quite short, namely, about 6 months. CONCLUSION: @entity189 featuring gastric @entity3 are typically very rare and reveal a rather poor prognosis. The results of this preliminary study suggest that most treatment for these @entity1 seemed to provide only symptomatic relief but did not prove helpful for long-term survival.

title: Clinicopathological study of gastric XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancies', 'malignancy', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['Carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'metastases', 'Metastases']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['metastases']


abstract: Many consumer products are composed completely, or in part, of polymeric materials. Direct or indirect @entity1 contact results in potential exposures to monomers as a result of migrations of trace amounts from the polymeric matrix into foods, into the skin or other bodily surfaces. Typically, residual monomer levels in these polymers are <100 p.p.m., and represent exposures well below those observable in traditional @entity137 testing. These product applications thus require alternative methods for evaluating health risks relating to monomer exposures. A typical approach includes: (a) assessment of potential @entity1 contacts for specific polymer uses; (b) utilization of data from @entity137 testing of pure monomers, e.g. @entity5 bioassay results; and (c) mathematical risk assessment methods. Exposure potentials are measured in one of two analytical procedures: (1) migration of monomer from polymer into a simulant solvent (e.g. @entity167 , acidic water, vegetable oil) appropriate for the intended use of the product (e.g. beer cans, food jars, packaging adhesive, dairy hose); or (2) total monomer content of the polymer, providing worse-case values for migratable monomer. Application of @entity137 data typically involves NOEL or benchmark values for non- @entity5 endpoints, or @entity7433 potencies for monomers demonstrated to be carcinogens. Risk assessments provide exposure 'safety margin' ratios between levels that: (1) are projected to be safe according to @entity137 information, and (2) are potential monomer exposures posed by the intended use of the consumer product. This paper includes an example of a health risk assessment for a chewing gum polymer for which exposures to trace levels of @entity21430 monomer occur.

title: XXXX exposures to monomers resulting from consumer contact with polymers.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity7433 :: ('MESH:D002471', 'Disease') :: ['tumorigenicity']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity21430 :: ('MESH:D002070', 'Chemical') :: ['butadiene']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Awareness may lack in some @entity64 @entity1 who are not capable of evaluating the nature and severity of illness. Thus, unawareness may have different forms such as @entity1054 , neglect, and alexithymia or @entity47 . In this study we investigated the relationship among @entity1054 , neglect, alexithymia, and cognition. METHODS: Fifty consecutive @entity64 inpatients were approached within the first 3 months from the acute event. @entity1054 was measured with the Bisiach scale, alexithymia with the TAS-20 scale and neglect with line crossing, letter cancellation, figure and shape copying, and line bisection tests. A neuropsychological test battery was used to measure different areas of cognition. RESULTS: despite the strong comorbidity rate among the different forms of unawareness, there are @entity1 who suffer from pure forms of these types of lack of awareness. A multivariate logistic regression model evidenced that presence of neglect (OR = 10.3; 95% CI = 1.4-76.3; p = 0.023) and more difficulty in describing feelings (TAS-20 F2 subscore; OR = 1.3; 95% CI = 1.1-1.7; p = 0.014) were the only predictors of @entity1054 . In addition, anosognosics with alexithymia performed worst in a frontal task such as the verbal fluency task (p = 0.042) and in the verbal span forward task (p = 0.026) than pure anosognosics. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1054 for @entity73 is strictly associated with a specific form of @entity47 . Future studies have to clarify if frontal @entity73 previously described in anosognosics is a manifestation of @entity47 or @entity1054 for @entity73 .

title: Unawareness of motor XXXX in @entity64 : a preliminary investigation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'right stroke']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment', 'motor impairment']

entities_list: @entity47 :: ('MESH:D018458', 'Disease') :: ['unawareness of emotions']

entities_list: @entity1054 :: ('MESH:D000377', 'Disease') :: ['anosognosia', 'Anosognosia']

answer: @entity73 :: (MESH:D003072,Disease) :: ['impairment and emotions']


abstract: Liver transplant @entity1 are susceptible to @entity8 through a number of mechanisms. Our aim was to investigate if @entity177 differs among transplant indication groups. Consecutive liver transplantations (396) were divided in three groups: 277 with @entity409 ( @entity409 ), 90 with @entity879 ( @entity879 ), and 29 with @entity96 . Data were recorded before and after transplantation. The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was based on Cockcroft-Gault formula and @entity177 staged using the National Kidney Foundation guidelines. On the transplantation day, 4%, 15%, and 0% of @entity1 in the @entity409 , @entity879 , and @entity5 groups, respectively, showed severely decreased GFR (</=29 ml/min/1.73 m(2)). The percentage with moderately or severely decreased GFR (<60 ml/min/1.73 m(2)) increased steadily in the @entity409 group (46% at 5 years) but decreased in the @entity879 group from the transplantation day (26% at 5 years). Of @entity1 with moderately or severely decreased GFR at listing, 73% of the @entity409 and 35% of @entity879 @entity1 continued to exhibit it at 1 year. The cumulative incidence of @entity177 was 16% at 10 years. MELD scores did not show notable correlation with post-transplant GFR. @entity8 prior to transplantation often improved post-transplant in @entity879 @entity1 , but was often irreversible in @entity409 @entity1 . In @entity409 and @entity5 @entity1 , @entity177 steadily deteriorated post-transplant.

title: @entity8 in liver transplant XXXX : comparing @entity1 transplanted for @entity96 or acute or chronic disease.

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['Renal dysfunction', 'renal dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['liver tumor']

entities_list: @entity879 :: ('MESH:D017114', 'Disease') :: ['ALF', 'acute liver failure']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['CLD', 'chronic liver disease']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['chronic renal failure', 'renal function']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Problems with subject-verb agreement and phonological (processing) skills have been reported to occur in @entity1 with @entity10870 ( @entity10870 ) and in those with @entity245 , but only a few studies have compared such problems in these two groups. Previous studies have claimed a causal relationship between phonological processing deficits and morphosyntactic problems. AIMS: The following questions were addressed in this study: (1) Are @entity1 with @entity245 and @entity10870 comparable in the level of sensitivity to subject-verb agreement, phonological awareness, and @entity5545 ? (2) Are @entity1 with @entity245 and @entity10870 comparable in their performance profiles on tasks tapping subject-verb agreement, phonological awareness, and @entity5545 ? (3) Are deficits in phonological processing skills related to @entity51 ? METHODS _ PROCEDURES: Forty-five @entity1 (mean age = 8;6 years) with @entity245 , @entity10870 and typically developing @entity1 participated. The sensitivity to subject-verb agreement, phonological awareness, and @entity5545 was measured. OUTCOMES _ RESULTS: Both the @entity1 with @entity5545 and with @entity10870 made more errors than the control @entity1 on the subject-verb agreement task, with the @entity1 with @entity5545 scoring significantly better than the @entity1 with @entity10870 . Similarly, the @entity1 with @entity10870 and @entity5545 both performed more poorly on the phoneme-deletion task than the control group. Both clinical groups performed more poorly on the @entity5545 task than the control @entity1 , with the @entity1 with @entity5545 outperforming the @entity1 with @entity10870 . In all three tasks differences in performance profiles were found between the @entity1 with @entity245 and @entity10870 . Across all three groups @entity5545 was correlated with morphosyntactic sensitivity. CONCLUSIONS: The results show similarities between the performances of @entity1 with @entity10870 and @entity5545 on tasks tapping subject-verb agreement, phonological awareness, and @entity5545 : they scored more poorly than typically developing @entity1 . Qualitative analyses revealed, however, differences in the error patterns on all three tasks. Associations between @entity5545 and sensitivity to subject-verb agreement were found, suggesting that problems with phonological processing impact on morphosyntactic skills.

title: Subject-verb agreement and phonological processing in @entity245 and @entity10870 ( XXXX ): a closer look.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity245 :: ('MESH:D002658', 'Disease') :: ['developmental dyslexia']

entities_list: @entity10870 :: ('OMIM:606712', 'Disease') :: ['specific language impairment', 'SLI']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['morphosyntactic deficits']

entities_list: @entity5545 :: ('MESH:D004410', 'Disease') :: ['non-word repetition', 'dyslexia']

answer: @entity10870 :: (OMIM:606712,Disease) :: ['SLI']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1582 and @entity1582 result in extracellular deposition of insoluble fibrillar protein in tissues and organs. Untreated median survival has been documented at 12 months. Cardiac infiltration decreases survival to five months. Chemotherapy and bone marrow transplantation (BMT) have been shown to improve survival when haematological remission is documented. This study aimed to assess if remission could result in cardiac structural improvement. METHODS: 269 @entity1 were treated with BMT for @entity2783 from 1997 to 2010. @entity299 was identified in 30 @entity1 by echocardiographic criteria. Echocardiography was performed before and after BMT. RESULTS: Thirteen of 30 @entity1 with @entity299 died during follow-up. No change in cardiac structure was seen in 11 @entity1 . Average survival was 49 months from BMT for non-responders. Fifteen @entity1 had @entity299 (responders). The average time to normalisation was 25 months. Only two responders died. Average survival for responders was 71 months (p < 0.0001 compared with non-responders). Normalisation of cardiac structure was highly predictive of survival (Fisher's exact test p = 0.0025, relative risk 0.18). CONCLUSIONS: @entity299 @entity1 with haematological remission after chemotherapy and BMT may subsequently normalise cardiac structure and function. Normalisation is highly predictive of survival.

title: The return of the normal heart: resolution of XXXX after chemotherapy and bone marrow transplantation.

entities_list: @entity1582 :: ('MESH:D009101', 'Disease') :: ['AL amyloidosis', 'multiple myeloma']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['Cardiac amyloidosis', 'cardiac amyloidosis', 'cardiac normalisation']

entities_list: @entity2783 :: ('MESH:D000686', 'Disease') :: ['amyloidosis']

answer: @entity299 :: (MESH:D006331,Disease) :: ['cardiac amyloidosis']


abstract: PURPOSE: Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by total mesorectal excision has become the standard of care for @entity1 with locally advanced @entity5 . This study was designed to determine whether pretreatment @entity3840 and @entity876 protein expression were predictors of histopathologic response in @entity1 with @entity5 treated with preoperative short-term chemoradiotherapy. METHODS: Fifty-two @entity1 with low @entity5 received short-term preoperative chemoradiotherapy (20 Gy given in 5 daily doses of 4 Gy and concurrent administration of Tegafur/Uracil 400 mg/day), followed by total mesorectal excision. @entity3840 and @entity876 protein expression were measured by immunohistochemistry before and at the time of resection. Tumor regression grading was evaluated according to the criteria by Rodel (Grade 4, complete regression; Grade 3, regression >50 percent; Grade 2, 25-50 percent; Grade 1,<25 percent; and Grade 0, no regression). RESULTS: Two @entity1 had a pathologic complete response. Good response (Grade 3 + 4) was found in 57.7 percent of the resected specimens. @entity3840 was expressed in 80.8 percent of @entity1 before chemoradiotherapy and in 100 percent after chemoradiotherapy. The rates of good response (Grade 3 + 4) were significantly associated with lack of @entity3840 expression before chemoradiotherapy (P = 0.021). However, there was no correlation between @entity876 protein expression and @entity5 regression grading. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with @entity5 lacking @entity3840 expression before chemoradiotherapy are more likely to demonstrate good response to treatment. @entity3840 protein expression may be a marker for response to chemoradiotherapy in @entity1 with @entity5 .

title: Absence of XXXX protein expression is a predictor of @entity5 regression in @entity5 treated with preoperative short-term chemoradiotherapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3840 :: ('5743', 'Gene') :: ['Cyclooxygenase-2', 'cyclooxygenase-2']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'rectal cancer']

answer: @entity3840 :: (5743,Gene) :: ['cyclooxygenase-2']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the initial response to treatment and risk of radiographic disease progression in current smokers (S), ex-smokers (EX), and nonsmokers (NS) in a prospective @entity625 cohort and to analyze the influence of smoking cessation on @entity625 outcome. METHODS: The ESPOIR cohort is a prospective cohort study monitoring clinical, biologic, and radiographic data for @entity1 with @entity625 lasting 6 weeks to 6 months. We examined the influence of smoking status on disease presentation (baseline characteristics) and therapeutic response at 1 year. Risk of structural progression at 12 months, defined as change in the modified Sharp/van der Heijde score >= 1, was analyzed by multivariate regression adjusted for potential confounders (age, sex, joint @entity2681 at inclusion, educational level, positivity for rheumatoid factor or anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide 2 antibodies, and shared @entity1533 epitope). RESULTS: A total of 813 @entity1 were included; 641 (79%) fulfilled the 2010 American College of Rheumatology/European League Against @entity627 (EULAR) criteria for @entity309 ( @entity309 ). At inclusion, 138 (21.5%) were S @entity1 , 168 (26.2%) were EX @entity1 , and 335 (52.3%) were NS @entity1 . Baseline acute-phase indicator values were significantly lower for S @entity1 than EX and NS @entity1 (mean    SD erythrocyte sedimentation rate was 24.2    18.2 mm/hour versus 33.4    28.0 and 31.4    25.0 [P = 0.02], respectively, and mean    SD C-reactive protein level was 17.7    28.0 mg/dl versus 28.5    42.5 and 21.4    29.0 [P = 0.01], respectively). Smoking status had no influence on Disease Activity Score in 28 joints, Health Assessment Questionnaire score, EULAR response, or use of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs and biologic therapy in the first 12 months of followup (P > 0.05). The adjusted risk for structural disease progression was associated with active smokers (odds ratio 0.50 [95% confidence interval 0.27-0.93], P = 0.028). Sixteen @entity1 had stopped smoking at 12 months, with no significant difference in observed outcomes from other @entity1 . CONCLUSION: In this large prospective cohort of @entity1 with @entity625 , smoking status had no significant effect on disease activity and disability but did reduce 1-year radiographic disease progression. The antiinflammatory role of @entity1239 may explain the lower systemic @entity32 and structural disease progression in current smokers with early @entity309 .

title: Association of tobacco exposure and reduction of radiographic progression in early XXXX : results from a French multicenter cohort.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity627 :: ('MESH:D012216', 'Disease') :: ['Rheumatism']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['early arthritis', 'inflammatory arthritis', 'arthritis']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA']

entities_list: @entity1239 :: ('MESH:D009538', 'Chemical') :: ['nicotine']

answer: @entity309 :: (MESH:D001172,Disease) :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']


abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate factors associated with vaccination with 7-pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) and risk factors for invasive @entity66 (IPD) and for @entity114 -nonsusceptible strains in a community with intermediate vaccination coverage. We conducted a prospective, matched case-control study in @entity1 aged 3-59 months with IPD admitted to two hospitals in Catalonia. Three controls matched by hospital, age, sex, date of hospitalization and risk medical conditions were selected for each case. We calculated odds ratios for potential risk factors using logistic regression. Of the 1075 @entity1 included, 46.6% were considered fully vaccinated by age. 91.1% of cases were caused by non-PCV7 serotypes. Vaccination with PCV7 was positively associated with attending day care or school and negatively associated with age 24-59 months, >4 cohabitants and low social class. Attending day care or school and >4 cohabitants were risk factors for IPD. Previous antibiotic treatment in @entity1 aged 24-59 months was a protective factor for IPD; however, antibiotic use in the previous month and age <24 months were associated with @entity114 -nonsusceptible IPD. In a community where IPD in @entity1 aged <5 years is caused mainly by non-PCV7 @entity328 serotypes and where vaccine coverage is only intermediate, attending day care or school, age <24 months, >4 cohabitants and social class were associated with vaccination. Attending day care or school was a strong risk factor for IPD, while vaccination was protective in @entity1 aged <24 months. Age and antibiotic use in the previous month were associated with @entity114 -nonsusceptible IPD.

title: Risk factors for invasive XXXX in a community with a high proportion of non vaccine serotypes.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity114 :: ('MESH:D010406', 'Chemical') :: ['penicillin']

entities_list: @entity328 :: ('1313', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus pneumoniae']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['pneumococcal disease']

answer: @entity66 :: (MESH:D004194,Disease) :: ['pneumococcal disease']


abstract: The case histories of 3 @entity1 hospitalised for severe @entity2258 are reported. Electrocardiography showed generalized ST-segment elevations and echocardiography revealed @entity2294 . Pericardiocentesis was performed and analysis of the punctate fluid was consistent with @entity3509 . The @entity2294 was removed by percutaneous drainage in one @entity1 and by thoracoscopy in 2. During the course of the disease, 2 @entity1 developed @entity3822 after 4 to 6 weeks, necessitating epi- and pericardectomy in one. When @entity1 with @entity5390 present generalised ST-segment elevations in the ECG, the possibility of pericardial involvement should be evaluated by echocardiography. The @entity2294 must be removed as soon as possible, ideally by thoracoscopic drainage. Percutaneous drainage often fails to evacuate the @entity3509 completely and does not prevent recurrent effusions. @entity3822 occurs early in the course of the disease and is a serious complication. When a @entity1 suffering from @entity3822 remains symptomatic despite optimal conservative therapy, pericardectomy should be performed. However, as only one of our three @entity1 required the procedure, it should not be routinely performed.

title: [Pericardial XXXX as a rare complication of @entity2258 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2294 :: ('MESH:D010490', 'Disease') :: ['pericardial empyema', 'pericardial effusion']

entities_list: @entity3822 :: ('MESH:D010494', 'Disease') :: ['constrictive pericarditis', 'Constrictive pericarditis']

entities_list: @entity5390 :: ('MESH:D011001', 'Disease') :: ['pleuropneumonia']

entities_list: @entity2258 :: ('MESH:D011018', 'Disease') :: ['pneumococcal pneumonia']

answer: @entity3509 :: (MESH:D004653,Disease) :: ['empyema']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the indications, techniques and outcome of organ-preserving @entity5 enucleation in @entity1 with bilateral testicular germ cell @entity5 (BTGCT) rather than standard bilateral radical orchidectomy which results in loss of fertility and a lifelong requirement for @entity342 replacement. @entity1 AND METHODS: In 13 @entity1 with BTGCT of 6-30 mm in diameter, the @entity5 were enucleated under cold ischaemia after inguinal testicular exploration, and biopsies of the @entity5 bed and the peripheral parenchyma were taken. Histology of the orchidectomy specimen revealed a @entity4797 in four cases, an @entity189 in three, a @entity14641 and a mixed-germ cell @entity5 in two each, and a mature @entity44 in one. Histology of the @entity5 showed a @entity4797 in seven cases, an @entity189 in five and a mature @entity44 in one. Six of the 13 @entity1 underwent testicular radiation (20 Gy) for @entity2735 ( @entity2735 ) and five @entity1 had adjuvant local therapy. Six months postoperatively a testicular biopsy was taken to determine the success of therapy. RESULTS: The median follow-up was 62 months (range 14-163) and the 13 @entity1 are currently free of disease; one @entity1 had local recurrence 9 months after @entity5 enucleation but after orchidectomy the @entity1 is free of disease after a follow-up of 156 months. Serum concentrations of luteinizing hormone and @entity251 were within the normal range in all @entity1 and no @entity342 substitution was necessary. A testicular biopsy taken 6 months post-operatively revealed Sertoli cells only in all @entity1 who had received radiation therapy. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that organ-sparing surgery in @entity1 with BTGCT represents a new therapeutic approach with endocrinological and psychological advantages. In our experience, enucleation resection of @entity5 is possible with certain prerequisites, i.e. the @entity5 is organ-confined with no infiltration of the rete testis, multiple biopsies of the @entity5 bed and peripheral parenchyma should be taken, any associated @entity2735 treated by radiation therapy, and @entity1 must be followed closely.

title: Testis-preserving surgery in bilateral testicular germ cell XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity14641 :: ('MESH:D018243', 'Disease') :: ['teratocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity2735 :: ('MESH:D002278', 'Disease') :: ['CIS', 'carcinoma in situ']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['testicular tumours', 'enucleated tumours', 'tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['embryonal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen']

entities_list: @entity44 :: ('MESH:D013724', 'Disease') :: ['teratoma']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumours']


abstract: AIMS: Little is known about the impact of treating bifurcations on the overall outcome of multivessel @entity453 treated with stenting. This analysis was made to investigate the 1 year clinical outcome of the treatment of bifurcation lesions using @entity3446 -eluting stents (SES) in @entity1 with multivessel disease. METHODS AND RESULTS: Among a total of 607 @entity1 (2160 lesions) in the Arterial Revascularization Therapies Study part II (ARTS II), there were 324 @entity1 in whom at least one bifurcation lesion was treated (465 lesions). @entity1 with bifurcations were compared with those without bifurcations in terms of baseline characteristics and major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE). @entity1 with 'true' (200 @entity1 ) vs. 'partial' bifurcations (124 @entity1 ) and usage of a one- (263 @entity1 ) vs. two-stent strategy (61 @entity1 ) were also evaluated. The bifurcation group was associated with more complex lesion and procedural characteristics than the non-bifurcation group. However, there was no significant difference in 1 year MACCE rates between the bifurcation group and the non-bifurcation group (13.3 vs. 11.0%, P=0.46). MACCE in @entity1 with true bifurcations was 13.0 vs. 13.7% for partial bifurcations (P=0.87) and 14.1 vs. 9.8% for one- vs. two-stent strategy (P=0.53). CONCLUSIONS: In this trial without angiographic follow-up, the presence of bifurcations did not affect 1 year outcomes after SES implantation. The outcomes in true vs. partial bifurcations and using one vs. two stents were similar when the treatment strategies were left to the operator's discretion.

title: The clinical outcome of percutaneous treatment of bifurcation lesions in multivessel XXXX with the @entity3446 -eluting stent: insights from the Arterial Revascularization Therapies Study part II (ARTS II).

entities_list: @entity3446 :: ('MESH:D020123', 'Chemical') :: ['sirolimus']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

answer: @entity453 :: (MESH:D003324,Disease) :: ['coronary artery disease']


abstract: @entity14 ( @entity14 ) is a leading cause of preventable @entity5 deaths worldwide, with dietary factors being recognised as key risk modifiers. Foods containing dietary fibre are protective to a degree that the World Cancer Research Fund classifies the evidence supporting their consumption as 'convincing'. The mechanisms by which fibre components protect against @entity14 remain poorly understood, especially their interactions with the gut microbiome. Fibre is a composite of indigestible plant polysaccharides and it is emerging that fermentable fibres, including resistant starch (RS), are particularly important. RS fermentation induces SCFA production, in particular, relatively high @entity4876 levels, and in vitro studies have shown that this acid has strong anti-tumorigenic properties. @entity4876 inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis of @entity14 cell lines at physiological concentrations. These effects are attributed to @entity4876 's ability to alter gene transcription by inhibiting histone deacetylase activity. However, the more recent discovery of G-protein coupled receptors that bind @entity4876 and other SCFA and data obtained from proteomic and genomic experiments suggest that alternative pathways are involved. Here, we review the mechanisms involved in @entity4876 -induced apoptosis in @entity14 cells and, additionally, the potential role this SCFA may play in mediating key processes in tumorigenesis including genomic instability, @entity32 and cell energy metabolism. This discussion may help to inform the development of strategies to lower @entity14 risk at the individual and population levels.

title: A review of the potential mechanisms for the lowering of colorectal oncogenesis by XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity4876 :: ('MESH:D002087', 'Chemical') :: ['Butyrate', 'butyrate']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['Colorectal cancer', 'CRC']

answer: @entity4876 :: (MESH:D002087,Chemical) :: ['butyrate']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Forequarter amputation (FQA) is an important treatment for @entity5 of the shoulder girdle. The aim of this study was to elucidate its role in surgical oncology. METHODS: This retrospective study analysed 40 @entity1 who had an FQA. In nine, the chest wall was resected. The most frequent diagnoses were soft-tissue @entity242 (28 @entity1 ) and recurrent @entity0 (five). RESULTS: Median follow-up was 16 (range 1-184) months. The 1-year, 2-year and 5-year overall survival for @entity1 with @entity5 was 71, 59 and 38 per cent respectively. The median time to local recurrence (eight @entity1 ) was 4 (range 1-19) months. Thirty-two @entity1 had curative FQA with a 1-year, 2-year and 5-year overall survival of 90, 75 and 48 per cent respectively, and a median overall survival of 51 months. The 5-year overall and disease-free survival for soft-tissue @entity242 was 41 and 26 per cent respectively. Eight @entity1 had a palliative FQA with a median survival of 5 (range 1-12) months. CONCLUSION: In locoregional disease such as @entity242 , FQA may offer the only possibility of cure. However, in @entity1 with axillary metastasis, FQA has no impact on survival, although local control may improve the @entity1 's quality of life.

title: Forequarter amputation for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant disease']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['malignancy']