abstract: OBJECTIVES: Most pharmacogenomic studies have attempted to identify single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers that are predictive for treatment outcomes. It is, however, unlikely in @entity66 such as @entity302 , affecting heterogeneous populations, that a single SNP will adequately explain treatment outcomes. This study reports an approach to develop a multi-SNP model to classify treatment outcomes for such a disease and compares this with single-SNP models. METHODS: A prospectively collected dataset of outcomes in 115 @entity1 newly treated for @entity302 , with genotyping for 4041 SNPs in 279 candidate genes, was used for the model development. A cross-validation-based methodology identified SNPs most influential in predicting @entity410 control after 1 year of drug treatment and then incorporated these into a multi-SNP classification model; using the k-Nearest Neighbour (kNN) supervised @entity4207 . The classifier was cross-validated to determine its effectiveness in predicting treatment outcome in the developmental cohort and then in two independent validation cohorts. In each, the classification by the multi-SNP model was compared with that of models using the individual SNPs alone. RESULTS: Five SNPs were selected for the multi-SNP model. Cross-validation showed that the multi-SNP model had a predictive accuracy of 83.5% in the developmental cohort and sensitivity and positive predictive values above 80% in both the independent validation cohorts. In all cases, the multi-SNP model classified the treatment outcomes better than those using any individual SNPs alone. CONCLUSION: The results show that a classifier using multiple SNPs can predict treatment outcome more reliably than single-SNP models. This multi-SNP classifier should be tested on data from newly diagnosed @entity302 populations to determine its broad clinical validity. Our method to developing a multi-SNP classifier could be applied to pharmacogenomic studies of other @entity66 .

title: Multi-SNP pharmacogenomic classifier is superior to single-SNP models for predicting drug outcome in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['complex diseases']

entities_list: @entity4207 :: ('MESH:D007859', 'Disease') :: ['learning approach']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy']

answer: @entity66 :: (MESH:D004194,Disease) :: ['complex diseases']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to investigate whether fish oil supplementation affected Japanese schoolchildren's behavior, with changes in @entity146 over time as the primary endpoint. DESIGN AND SUBJECTS: A placebo-controlled double-blind study with 166 schoolchildren 9-12 years of age was performed. The subjects of the fish oil group (n=83) took fish oil-fortified foods (bread, sausage and spaghetti). These foods were provided in amounts such that each subject in the fish oil group had an intake of 3600 mg of @entity4600 +840 mg of @entity7784 ( @entity8393 )/week for 3 months. The rest (the controls, n=83) took control supplements. At the start and end of the study, psychological tests were performed to assess their @entity146 . RESULTS: Physical @entity146 assessed by Hostility-Aggression Questionnaire for @entity1 in @entity1 increased significantly (median: 13 to 15, n=42) in the control group and did not change (13 to 13, n=43) in the fish oil group with a significant intergroup difference (P=.008) with baseline as covariate. The changes in physical @entity146 scores over time and those of the ratio of @entity8393 / @entity1426 in RBC (DeltaEPA/AA) were significantly correlated in @entity1 who agreed to blood collection (r=-.53, P=.01, n=23). On the contrary, there were no significant changes in physical @entity146 in @entity1 . Aggression against others (extraggression) assessed by Picture Frustration Study did not change in the control group (median: 5 to 5) but increased significantly in the fish oil group (4 to 5) with a significant intergroup difference (P=.02) with baseline as covariate. These changes in extraggression might be explained partly by significantly lower baseline values of extraggression in the fish oil group (P=.02) than in the control group. There were no significant correlations between Deltaextraggression and DeltaEPA/AA in blood-sampled @entity1 (n=49). Impulsivity of @entity1 assessed by parents/guardians using the diagnostic criteria for @entity71 of DSM-IV was reduced in the fish oil group (1 to 0) with a significant (P=.008) intergroup difference from the control group (1 to 1). There were no significant correlations between Deltaimpulsivity and DeltaEPA/AA in blood-sampled @entity1 . In males, @entity23 reduced in both groups without any intergroup differences. CONCLUSION: There is a possibility that changes in @entity844 nutrition might affect physical @entity146 especially in @entity1 .

title: The effect of fish oil on physical XXXX in schoolchildren--a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children', 'girls', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity7784 :: ('MESH:D015118', 'Chemical') :: ['eicosapentaenoic acid']

entities_list: @entity844 :: ('CHEBI:35366', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity4600 :: ('CHEBI:28125', 'Chemical') :: ['docosahexaenoic acid']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggression']

entities_list: @entity71 :: ('MESH:D001289', 'Disease') :: ['attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder']

entities_list: @entity1426 :: ('MESH:D016718', 'Chemical') :: ['arachidonic acid']

entities_list: @entity23 :: ('MESH:D007174', 'Disease') :: ['impulsivity']

answer: @entity146 :: (MESH:D001523,Disease) :: ['aggression']


abstract: PURPOSE: To compare changes in corneal topography and in regular and irregular @entity940 after coaxial clear corneal microincision @entity231 surgery (MICS) and after coaxial small-incision @entity231 surgery (SICS). SETTING: Hayashi Eye Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan. METHODS: Induced corneal @entity940 was determined using vector analysis. The averaged corneal shape changes and degree of irregular @entity940 were examined using videokeratography preoperatively as well as 2 days and 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks postoperatively. RESULTS: One hundred twenty eyes of 60 @entity1 scheduled for phacoemulsification were evaluated. Sixty eyes had MICS (2.00 mm), and the 60 contralateral eyes had SICS (2.65 mm). The mean induced corneal @entity940 was significantly less in the MICS group than in the SICS group (P <or= .0495) 1 week postoperatively and subsequently. The averaged difference map on videokeratography showed focal corneal flattening corresponding to the incision and coupled steepening around the flattened area 2 days postoperatively in both groups. The flattening and steepening gradually reduced to virtually the preoperative shape by 8 weeks; the changes were significantly less in the MICS group than in the SICS group. Of the irregular astigmatic components, higher-order irregularity was significantly less in the MICS group than in the SICS group up to 2 weeks postoperatively (P <or =.0470). CONCLUSION: Induced @entity940 , focal wound-related flattening of the peripheral @entity267 , and corneal surface irregularity were significantly less after coaxial MICS than after SICS.

title: Postoperative corneal shape changes: microincision versus small-incision coaxial XXXX surgery.

entities_list: @entity940 :: ('MESH:D001251', 'Disease') :: ['astigmatism']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

answer: @entity231 :: (MESH:D002386,Disease) :: ['cataract']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of @entity3957 ( @entity3958 ) on cardiac myosin light chain kinase ( @entity31490 ) expression in @entity6 @entity35 .    METHODS: A total of 32 male SD @entity35 were randomly divided into a normal control group (NC group), a @entity6 control group ( @entity3918 ), a @entity8835 treatment group ( @entity3918 + @entity8835 ) and a @entity8835 group ( @entity8835 ) (n=8 in each group). Intraperitoneal injection of @entity3839 was utilized to establish Type 1 @entity6 @entity35 model. The @entity6 @entity35 in the @entity3918 + @entity8835 and @entity8835 groups were intraperitoneally injected with 28  mol/kg @entity8835 solution. Eight weeks later, the ventricular hemodynamic parameters, the ratio of heart weight/body weight (HW/BW ratio), the levels of @entity880 dehydrogenase (LDH) and @entity908 kinase MB isozyme (CK-MB) in serum were determined. The ultrastructures of myocardium were observed under electron microscopy. The expressions of @entity31490 mRNA and protein level in myocardium were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot, respectively.    RESULTS: Compared with the NC group, there was no significant difference in the various indexes in the @entity8835 group (all P>0.05). The function of left ventricular contract and relaxation were decreased obviously in @entity6 @entity35 , while the HW/BW ratio was increased (all P<0.01). The levels of LDH and CK-MB were increased (both P<0.01) in serum, while the levels of @entity31490 mRNA and protein were decreased significantly (both P<0.01) in myocardial tissues. Compared with the @entity3918 group, the left ventricular hemodynamic parameters and myocardial ultrastructure damage were improved in the @entity3918 + @entity8835 group, while the HW/BW ratio was decreased (all P<0.05). The levels of LDH and CK-MB were decreased (both P<0.01), while the levels of @entity31490 mRNA and protein were increased significantly (both P<0.01).    CONCLUSION: @entity3958 can protect myocardium in @entity6 @entity35 , which may be associated with upregulation of cardiac @entity31490 .

title: [Effect of XXXX on cardiac myosin light chain kinase expression in @entity6 @entity35 ].

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic']

entities_list: @entity908 :: ('MESH:D003401', 'Chemical') :: ['creatine']

entities_list: @entity3839 :: ('MESH:D013311', 'Chemical') :: ['streptozotocin']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity3957 :: ('MESH:D006862', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrogen sulfide']

answer: @entity3957 :: (MESH:D006862,Chemical) :: ['hydrogen sulfide']


abstract: Clinical study has been conducted to evaluate the efficacy of chemotherapy with @entity1205 and @entity900 in six @entity1 with advanced @entity1149 . Treatment schedule consisted of @entity1205 60 mg/m2 and @entity900 80 mg/m2 on day 1 and repeated every 4 weeks. Eligible @entity1 had histologically proven locally advanced or metastatic @entity1149 , PS < or = 2, age < or = 74, normal hematological, hepatic and renal functions and informed consent in writing. Six @entity1 have been included; all were males, median age 64 (range 47-74), histology; @entity420 4, @entity957 2, stage III B 4, stage IV 2. Among these 6 @entity1 , 3 PR (50%) were observed. @entity1398 was the most common adverse event (83%). The lowest granulocyte counts were most frequently seen on day 9.4 (range: 6-14). Non hematologic adverse events included @entity1665 (6 cases), general fatigue (5 cases), @entity448 (5 cases) and emesis (3 cases). These events were recovered rapidly with no therapy. The results suggest that combination chemotherapy of @entity1205 and @entity900 will be effective and safe under careful observation.

title: [Evaluation of chemotherapy with XXXX and @entity900 in advanced @entity1149 ].

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity448 :: ('MESH:D000855', 'Disease') :: ['anorexia']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['Neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity1205 :: ('MESH:C067311', 'Chemical') :: ['docetaxel']

answer: @entity1205 :: (MESH:C067311,Chemical) :: ['docetaxel']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Current guidelines for @entity4784 recommend daily maintenance of physical dependence with @entity284 or @entity4783 , and discourage abstinence due to the high risk of relapse and @entity1445 . Extended-release formulations of the opioid antagonist @entity836 (XR-NTX) block heroin and other opioid agonists competitively for around 4 weeks per administration. XR-NTX thus enables opioid users to experience abstinence from opioid agonists with greatly reduced risk of @entity1445 compared to medication-free abstinence. While XR-NTX has shown promise compared to placebo and daily @entity836 tablets, there is limited information on long-term safety and its performance compared to daily maintenance treatment. METHODS/DESIGN: In this five-hospital RCT with long-term follow-up, we aim to recruit n   =   180 @entity1 in treatment for @entity4784 and allocate them in an open, randomized manner (1:1) to receive either 4-week XR-NTX or daily @entity4783 - @entity1510 (BP-NLX) for the duration of 12  weeks. Allocation is open-label due to the risk of @entity1445 during attempts to self-unmask allocation using heroin. Urine drug tests are scheduled every week with follow-up visits _ assessment every 4 weeks. Primary outcomes are abstinence from illicit opioids in urine drug tests and self-report, as well as retention in treatment. Secondary outcomes include other substance use, injecting behavior, drug craving, mental health, quality of life, treatment satisfaction, abstinence motivation, opioid agonist effect rating, @entity22 , and @entity158 . Observation is continued for another 36  weeks in order to assess longer-term safety, adherence and effectiveness. The study is an investigator-initiated trial, funded by public grants and approved by an Independent Ethical Committee (the Regional Ethical Committee for Research South-East B # 2011/1320) and the Norwegian Medicines Agency. DISCUSSION: Despite minor implementation problems, the protocol appears sufficiently robust to generate results of high interest to @entity1 , clinicians and policy makers. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinicaltrials.gov # NCT01717963 , first registered: Oct 28, 2012. Protocol version # 3C, June 12th 2012.

title: Design of a randomized controlled trial of extended-release @entity836 versus daily @entity4783 - XXXX for @entity4784 in Norway (NTX-SBX).

entities_list: @entity836 :: ('MESH:D009271', 'Chemical') :: ['naltrexone']

entities_list: @entity4784 :: ('MESH:D009293', 'Disease') :: ['opioid dependence']

entities_list: @entity4783 :: ('MESH:D002047', 'Chemical') :: ['buprenorphine']

entities_list: @entity1510 :: ('MESH:D009270', 'Chemical') :: ['naloxone']

entities_list: @entity284 :: ('MESH:D008691', 'Chemical') :: ['methadone']

entities_list: @entity22 :: ('MESH:D007319', 'Disease') :: ['insomnia']

answer: @entity1510 :: (MESH:D009270,Chemical) :: ['naloxone']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: A 76-year-old @entity1 was admitted to our hospital because of transthyretin-related @entity14755 (TTR- @entity1941 ). She had developed bilateral vitreous opacity at the age of 58 and @entity955 at the age of 62. She suffered gait disturbance and @entity809 of the limbs at the age of 68 and was diagnosed with @entity1941 involving a homozygous @entity21559 mutation in the @entity20117 ( @entity20117 ) gene after a genetic test. Her parents were cousins, and her aunt's medical history included pacemaker implantation and @entity305 . At the age of 74, the @entity1 developed gait disturbance and @entity809 of her extremities. A neurological examination revealed @entity227 , @entity393 , distal @entity425 , @entity809 , and decreased sensation in all modalities in her extremities. She could neither walk nor remain standing without support. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a low intensity lesion on the surface of the cerebellum on T2*-weighted images and susceptibility-weighted images. A low intensity pattern that was indicative of the classical type of superficial siderosis was detected. At the age of 76, when she was admitted to our hospital because of the deterioration of her gait disturbance and @entity809 , brain MRI showed that the @entity1 's @entity76 and @entity527 had worsened. Some reports suggest that @entity1941 @entity1 that are homozygous for the @entity20117 @entity21559 mutation are more likely to develop central nervous involvement than those that are heterozygous for the mutation. Superficial siderosis may be responsible for the central nervous involvement.

title: @entity14755 involving a homozygous XXXX mutation in the @entity20117 gene presenting with superficial siderosis: a case report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual loss']

entities_list: @entity21559 :: ('p|SUB|V|30|M', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['Val30Met']

entities_list: @entity527 :: ('MESH:D058225', 'Disease') :: ['hemosiderin deposition']

entities_list: @entity809 :: ('MESH:D010292', 'Disease') :: ['dysesthesia']

entities_list: @entity305 :: ('MESH:D011115', 'Disease') :: ['polyneuropathy']

entities_list: @entity14755 :: ('MESH:D028227', 'Disease') :: ['familial amyloid polyneuropathy']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['muscle weakness']

entities_list: @entity76 :: ('MESH:D002526', 'Disease') :: ['cerebellar atrophy']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['paroxysmal atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity20117 :: ('7276', 'Gene') :: ['ATTR', 'amyloidogenic transthyretin']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing impairment']

answer: @entity21559 :: (p|SUB|V|30|M,ProteinMutation) :: ['Val30Met']


abstract: AIMS: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of mechanical thrombectomy with the Solitaire FR device in revascularization of @entity1 with @entity432 ( @entity432 ) and to identify the predictive factors for clinical outcome. METHODS: This prospective single-center study included 31 @entity1 with acute @entity385 attributable to @entity432 treated within the first 24 h after onset of symptoms with the Solitaire device. Nineteen @entity1 simultaneously received intravenous thrombolysis. Recanalization rates after stent retrieval were determined and the clinical outcome and mortality rate were assessed 180 days after treatment. RESULTS: The mean     SD age of the @entity1 was 61  17 years, the median prethrombectomy NIH @entity64 Scale score was 38 (IQR 9-38) and the median Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score was 7 (IQR 4-14). Successful recanalization (TICI 3 or 2b) was achieved in 23 @entity1 (74%). Five symptomatic @entity932 were related to the procedure. Ten symptomatic distal migrations of @entity715 material occurred. A favorable outcome, defined as a modified Rankin Score (mRS) of 0-2, was observed in 35% of @entity1 (11/31). Overall mortality rate was 32% (10/31). In the univariate analysis, elevated baseline @entity413 (p=0.008) was significantly associated with a poor outcome ( @entity5329 ), whereas a tendency towards significance was observed with age (p=0.06), GCS on admission (p=0.07) and symptom-related lesions on T2 sequences (p=0.10). @entity1 with successful recanalization tended to have a better outcome (p=0.20). CONCLUSION: Mechanical thrombectomy with the Solitaire FR device can rapidly and effectively contribute to a high rate of recanalization and improve functional outcome in @entity1 with @entity432 and has an acceptable complication rate.

title: Mechanical thrombectomy with the Solitaire device in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity932 :: ('MESH:D020300', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial hemorrhages']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['acute basilar artery occlusion', 'ABAO']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombotic']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity432 :: (MESH:D001157,Disease) :: ['acute basilar artery occlusion']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria has driven renewed interest in older antibacterials, including @entity3273 . Previous studies have shown that @entity3273 is less effective and more toxic than modern antibiotics. In vitro synergy studies and clinical observational studies suggest a benefit of combining @entity3273 with a @entity2893 . A randomised controlled study is necessary for clarification. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This is a multicentre, investigator-initiated, open-label, randomised controlled superiority 1:1 study comparing @entity3273 monotherapy with @entity3273 - @entity2889 combination therapy for @entity281 caused by @entity2893 -resistant Gram-negative bacteria. The study is being conducted in 6 centres in 3 countries (Italy, Greece and Israel). We include @entity1 with hospital-associated and @entity2489 , @entity281 and urosepsis. The primary outcome is treatment success at day 14, defined as survival, haemodynamic stability, stable or improved respiratory status for @entity1 with @entity55 , microbiological cure for @entity1 with @entity582 and stability or improvement of the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score. Secondary outcomes include 14-day and 28-day mortality as well as other clinical end points and safety outcomes. A sample size of 360 @entity1 was calculated on the basis of an absolute improvement in clinical success of 15% with combination therapy. Outcomes will be assessed by intention to treat. Serum @entity3273 samples are obtained from all @entity1 to obtain population pharmacokinetic models. Microbiological sampling includes weekly surveillance samples with analysis of resistance mechanisms and synergy. An observational trial is evaluating @entity1 who met eligibility requirements but were not randomised in order to assess generalisability of findings. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The study was approved by ethics committees at each centre and informed consent will be obtained for all @entity1 . The trial is being performed under the auspices of an independent data and safety monitoring committee and is included in a broad dissemination strategy regarding revival of old antibiotics. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT01732250 and 2012-004819-31; Pre-results.

title: Multicentre open-label randomised controlled trial to compare XXXX alone with @entity3273 plus @entity2889 for the treatment of severe @entity281 caused by @entity2893 -resistant Gram-negative @entity281 (AIDA): a study protocol.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3273 :: ('MESH:D003091', 'Chemical') :: ['colistin']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity2889 :: ('MESH:C059500', 'Chemical') :: ['meropenem']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections', 'bloodstream infections']

entities_list: @entity2489 :: ('MESH:D053717', 'Disease') :: ['ventilator-associated pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity2893 :: ('CHEBI:46765', 'Chemical') :: ['carbapenem']

entities_list: @entity582 :: ('MESH:C531821', 'Disease') :: ['bacteraemia']

answer: @entity3273 :: (MESH:D003091,Chemical) :: ['colistin']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Comparing the clinical features and surgical outcomes of @entity1 undergoing tympanoplasty for secondary acquired @entity3540 (SAC) versus non-complicated tympanic membrane perforation (TMP). STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective @entity1 review. SETTING: Tertiary-care, academic center. @entity1 : All 41 @entity1 with diagnosis of SAC confirmed at surgery between January 1, 2007 and June 30, 2014, and an age-matched cohort consisting of @entity1 with TMP. INTERVENTION(S): Tympanoplasty using either medial or lateral graft techniques. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Resolution of perforation, SAC, and symptoms. RESULTS: Comparison between the two cohorts failed to reveal significant differences in otologic symptomology, or presentation. There was no significant difference in the resolution of SAC (p=0.7) between the medial and lateral tympanoplasty techniques. Both techniques also had similar rates of success in the TMP cohort. The medial graft technique was significantly (p=0.008) more likely to result in a successfully repaired tympanic membrane in the TMP cohort compared with the SAC cohort. The Lateral graft technique demonstrated no significant difference in the likelihood of TMP and SAC resolution. CONCLUSION: The presentation of SAC is similar to that of TMP despite being a separate clinical entity. A clinician's ability to distinguish the two is important to mitigate the destructive potential of untreated SAC and correctly council @entity1 on tympanoplasty success rates. This study was unable to demonstrate a significant difference in disease control between the medial and lateral tympanoplasty techniques, although potential advantages of each technique are discussed.

title: Secondary Acquired XXXX : Presentation and Tympanoplasty Outcomes.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PATIENTS', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3540 :: ('MESH:D002781', 'Disease') :: ['cholesteatoma']

answer: @entity3540 :: (MESH:D002781,Disease) :: ['Cholesteatoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the impact of @entity1030 ( @entity1030 ) on activities of daily living in a large group of @entity1 in Spain who responded to a specific questionnaire. A second aim was to explore the practical utility of the questionnaire and determine which variables could be used to identify " @entity2100 " @entity1 or @entity1 in greater need of attention. To do this, we examined the relationship between questionnaire results and clinical variables, lung function measurements, socioeconomic status, and validated quality of life questionnaires. METHODS: We conducted an observational, descriptive, multicenter, cross-sectional study in which 227 respiratory specialists from all over Spain collected data from 1057 @entity1 with @entity1030 . Each @entity1 was given a specific questionnaire containing 7 items that measured the extent to which @entity1030 affected different aspects of their lives. The @entity1 rated each item on a scale of 0 to 2, depending on the level of impact. Total possible scores, thus, ranged from 0 to 14, and @entity1 with a score of 9 or higher were classified as @entity2100 . We then explored the relationship between questionnaire results and clinical variables, socioeconomic status, spirometric values, and quality of life as measured by the St George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ). RESULTS: We studied 1057 @entity1 (95.2% male) with a mean (SD) age of 67 (9) years and a mean predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) of 41.8% (13.3%). The mean questionnaire score was 6.3 (3.1). The activities that were affected most were sport and leisure, habitual physical activity, and sex life (major impact reported by 52.5%, 30.3%, and 20.2% of @entity1 , respectively). We found a correlation between questionnaire scores and known disease severity markers such as SGRQ scores, @entity1353 , number of exacerbations, and FEV1 in liters. @entity1 included in the @entity2100 category were older and had a lower socioeconomic status. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1030 impact questionnaire scores correlated well with SGRQ scores and the usual clinical variables and lung function measurements for evaluating disease severity ( @entity1353 , FEV1, and exacerbations). The questionnaire could, therefore, be a useful tool for identifying @entity2100 @entity1 who, in addition to having poorer clinical status and lung function measurements, have a lower socioeconomic status.

title: [Impact of XXXX on activities of daily living: results of the EIME multicenter study].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['COPD', 'chronic obstructive pulmonary disease']

answer: @entity1030 :: (MESH:D029424,Disease) :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease']


abstract: The effect of @entity11890 ( @entity1098 ) on the envelope of two strains of @entity526 (B and @entity13357 ) was studied with freeze-fracturing methods. Untreated cells showed the outer membrane's outer surface with a fine texture of randomly spaced @entity308 of about 4.5-nm diameter; small areas with symmetrical arrangements of structural surface elements were also observed. The outer membrane's @entity174 plane revealed a random distribution of particles on its "concave" plane, only occasionally interrupted by particle-free areas. The "convex" aspect of the outer membrane's @entity174 plane showed only a few scattered particles. The cleavage plane of the inner membrane was often interrupted by many localized elevated plateaus, at which the cleaving process had, for short distances, switched to the outer membrane. The effects of @entity1098 treatment were mainly seen in the structure of the freeze-etched outer membrane: (i) the pits as well as the symmetrical surface elements of the outer membrane's outer surface had disappeared; (ii) a number of plateaus (about 20 to 50/cell) were seen at which a cleavage plane within the inner membrane had switched to the hydrophobic portion of the outer membrane (outer membrane's @entity174 plane). These plateaus were also visible in untreated cells; however, @entity1098 treatment apparently caused an increased exposure of plateaus. Surface areas, exposed by freeze-etching, revealed the underlying plateaus as elevations in the surface contour of the cell, suggesting a slower etching rate in the zones of the plateaus relative to the rest of the outer membrane. Well-defined, particle-free patches in the outer membrane's @entity174 plane, concave, were more frequent and larger in size after @entity1098 treatment than in the controls. In the presence of @entity653 , the cells often cleaved in the outer membrane's @entity174 plane, but isolated plateaus were rarely observed. After metabolic poisoning of cells for 15 to 25 min at 37 degrees C, the plateaus had widened. These data suggest that the material of the plateaus has a slow rate of lateral diffusion. Placement of @entity1098 -treated cells in fresh medium at 37 degrees C caused, after 3 to 5 min, the reoccurrence of the pitted surface structure. We propose that the plateaus represent localized zones, at which newly synthesized lipopolysaccharide has been inserted.

title: Effect of @entity11890 upon the surface of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressions']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity653 :: ('MESH:D005990', 'Chemical') :: ['glycerol']

entities_list: @entity11890 :: ('CHEBI:42191', 'Chemical') :: ['ethylenediaminetetraacetate']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

answer: @entity526 :: (562,Species) :: ['Escherichia coli']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Pancreatobiliary access following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP) is challenging. We reviewed 32 cases of surgical @entity344 . METHODS: Retrospective review of prospectively collected database of @entity1 with history of RYGBP that had surgical gastrostomy for @entity9317 at a single institution from 2004-2008. Indication for procedure, surgical findings, successful cannulation, and complications are reported. RESULTS: Thirty @entity1 (25 female), with age ranging from 27 to 72, underwent 32 procedures. The indications to access the gastric remnant were @entity1690 (13), @entity788 (six), common bile duct stone/obstruction (five), @entity255 (three), pancreatic mass evaluation (two), @entity360 (two), and cystic duct leak after cholecystectomy (one). Mean operative time was 200 min (98-338) and estimated @entity190 (mean) 85 cc (10-500). Laparoscopic gastrostomy was attempted in 28 cases with one conversion to open (3.6%). Four planned open procedures were also performed. All 30 @entity1 underwent successful endoscopy and 28 had an endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, all with successful cannulation of the pancreatobiliary tree (100%). CONCLUSIONS: @entity954 is an effective means to gain access to the @entity1729 and pancreatobiliary tree following RYGBP. This technique should be considered when traditional endoscopic approaches are impossible.

title: XXXX for @entity9317 following Roux en Y gastric bypass.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1690 :: ('MESH:D046628', 'Disease') :: ['sphincter of Oddi dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrostomy for complex transgastric upper gastrointestinal endoscopy']

entities_list: @entity1729 :: ('MESH:D012141', 'Disease') :: ['upper GI tract']

entities_list: @entity954 :: ('MESH:D016063', 'Disease') :: ['Surgical gastrostomy']

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal bleed']

entities_list: @entity255 :: ('MESH:D002761', 'Disease') :: ['cholangitis']

entities_list: @entity9317 :: ('MESH:D004382', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatobiliary and duodenal access']

answer: @entity954 :: (MESH:D016063,Disease) :: ['Surgical gastrostomy']


abstract: PURPOSE: To assess the patterns of recurrence, management, and survival following recurrence after myeloablative therapy with autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT) in @entity1 with @entity706 ( @entity706 ). @entity1 AND METHODS: Between June 1985 and October 1995, 99 @entity1 with @entity706 received @entity786 and total-body irradiation with ABMT as consolidation of second or subsequent remission. RESULTS: Median length of follow-up was 5 1/2 years, and 33 @entity1 developed recurrent lymphoma a median of 14 months after ABMT. In 26 @entity1 , the recurrence was overt; in seven, it was detected on surveillance investigation. Twenty-six @entity1 presented with recurrence at previous sites of disease. Twenty-two @entity1 (67%) had @entity706 at the time of recurrence; in 11 (33%), there was evidence of transformation to diffuse large @entity1892 . Eight @entity1 were managed expectantly; five were alive 21 to 53 months later. Twenty-five @entity1 have required treatment to date; eight remained alive 6 months to 10 years later, and five were in remission. The Kaplan-Meier estimate of @entity1 alive 5 years after recurrence is 45% (95% confidence interval, 27% to 62%). In univariate and multivariate analyses, survival after recurrence and overall survival after diagnosis were similar to those of a historical control group who received conventional treatment, before the introduction of myeloablative therapy (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 1.56, P = .3, and HR, 1.34, P = .4, respectively). CONCLUSION: The survival pattern of @entity1 with @entity706 following recurrence after myeloablative therapy and ABMT suggests that this treatment does not compromise outcome in @entity1 in whom it fails, reflecting the survival pattern of the disease when treated conventionally.

title: Patterns of outcome following recurrence after myeloablative therapy with autologous bone marrow transplantation for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ['B-cell lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['FL', 'follicular lymphoma']

answer: @entity706 :: (MESH:D008223,Disease) :: ['follicular lymphoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: Statins have additional pleiotropic effects beyond their lipid-lowering effects. In this study, the effects of statins were evaluated in an @entity3352 -induced @entity1819 model in @entity35 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Animals were divided into eight groups. Distilled water (control group), @entity4546 (30 mg/kg), @entity2993 (20 and 40 mg/kg), @entity3413 (20 and 40 mg/kg), and @entity8671 (20 and 40 mg/kg) were given orally (gavage). Thirty minutes later, @entity3352 (25 mg/kg) was administered orally to all groups. Six hours later, the animals were sacrificed by decapitation. The mean @entity1066 indexes for each group were calculated, and the stomachs were evaluated histopathologically. RESULTS: The @entity1066 indexes were as follows: control 1.72    0.16, @entity4546 0    0.00, and @entity2993 , @entity3413 and @entity8671 (at 20 and 40 mg/kg doses, respectively) 4.28    0.39, 4.99    0.96, 1.72    0.73, 1.90    0.48, 1.85    0.26, and 1.67    0.18. @entity2993 significantly increased the @entity3352 -induced @entity1066 index at both doses and the erosion score at 40 mg/kg dose. Although the 20 mg/kg dose of @entity3413 inhibited mononuclear leukocyte infiltration, the 40 mg/kg dose induced @entity450 . @entity8671 did not decrease mononuclear leukocyte or neutrophil infiltrations at 20 mg/kg dose, and only neutrophil infiltration at the 40 mg/kg dose. CONCLUSIONS: In @entity1 with gastric discomfort, statins must be used carefully. If statin therapy is needed, we recommend to avoid using @entity2993 and to use the other statins only in the minimum effective dose.

title: Effects of statins in an @entity3352 -induced XXXX model in @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity3413 :: ('MESH:D019821', 'Chemical') :: ['simvastatin']

entities_list: @entity1819 :: ('MESH:D013272', 'Disease') :: ['gastric injury']

entities_list: @entity2993 :: ('MESH:C065179', 'Chemical') :: ['atorvastatin', 'Atorvastatin']

entities_list: @entity8671 :: ('MESH:C422923', 'Chemical') :: ['rosuvastatin', 'Rosuvastatin']

entities_list: @entity450 :: ('MESH:D006940', 'Disease') :: ['hyperemia']

entities_list: @entity3352 :: ('MESH:D007213', 'Chemical') :: ['indomethacin']

entities_list: @entity4546 :: ('MESH:D009853', 'Chemical') :: ['omeprazole']

answer: @entity1819 :: (MESH:D013272,Disease) :: ['gastric injury']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 with @entity5770 often have a slow-to-dissipate fusional mechanism at near, which masks the true near deviation. Consequently, determination of the accommodation convergence-accommodation (AC/A) ratio in @entity1 with @entity5770 must be based on near measurements obtained after prolonged monocular occlusion (typically 1 hour). When determined in that manner, the presence of a high AC/A ratio before surgery in an exotropic @entity1 has been reported to be predictive of an @entity5971 at near after surgery. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the diagnosis and management of @entity5770 with a high AC/A ratio. METHODS: Three hundred four consecutive @entity1 with @entity5770 were studied. In addition to the usual measurements, measurements were obtained at near after 1 hour of monocular occlusion, with and without additional +3.00-diopter lenses. Also, a gradient AC/A ratio was obtained by using additional minus lenses at distance fixation. RESULTS: One hundred fifty-four (50.7%) of 304 @entity1 would have been thought to have a high AC/A ratio if that diagnosis was based on measurements obtained before prolonged monocular occlusion. In fact, only 22 @entity1 (7.2%) actually had a high AC/A ratio; 132 @entity1 (43.4%) had a pseudo-high AC/A ratio. Six of 22 @entity1 with a high AC/A ratio underwent surgery to correct the @entity5770 . The presence of a high AC/A ratio before surgery had sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of 100% for predicting a postoperative @entity5971 at near associated with a high AC/A ratio. The remaining 16 @entity1 with high AC/A ratios were treated with overcorrecting minus lens therapy (including a bifocal). Ten of them have been followed up to at least 18 years of age, by which time 9 have shown normalization of the AC/A ratio. CONCLUSIONS: Near measurements used to calculate the AC/A ratio in exotropic @entity1 must be made after prolonged monocular occlusion. Otherwise, many @entity1 with a pseudo-high AC/A ratio will be thought to have a true high AC/A ratio. The presence of a high AC/A ratio is infrequent in @entity1 with @entity5971 , but it is highly predictive of a postoperative @entity5971 at near fixation.

title: Diagnosis and treatment of XXXX with a high accommodation convergence-accommodation ratio.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5971 :: ('MESH:D004948', 'Disease') :: ['esotropia']

entities_list: @entity5770 :: ('MESH:D005099', 'Disease') :: ['exotropia']

answer: @entity5770 :: (MESH:D005099,Disease) :: ['exotropia']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity1161 ( @entity1161 ) is commonly used as definitive treatment for early-stage @entity978 ( @entity978 ). We evaluated the cause-specific survival (CSS), overall survival (OS), and second @entity5 (SM) rates in @entity1 with early-stage @entity978 treated with @entity1161 . METHODS AND MATERIALS: @entity1 with stage I-II @entity978 between 1988 and 2009 who underwent @entity1161 were selected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results database. Univariate analysis (UVA) for @entity31220 and Os was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method and included age, gender, involved site, year of diagnosis, presence of @entity1109 , and extranodal involvement (ENI). Multivariable analysis (MVA) was performed using Cox Proportional Hazards modeling and included the above clinical variables. SM were classified as @entity1161 -related or non- @entity1161 -related. Freedom from SM and freedom from @entity1161 -related SM were determined using the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS: The study cohort included 469 @entity1 . Median age was 37 years. The most common involved sites were the head and neck (36%), axilla/arm (26%), and multiple lymph node regions (18%). Sixty-eight percent had stage I disease, 70% were male, 4% had ENI, and 7% had @entity1109 . Median follow-up was 6 years. Ten-year CSS and Os were 98% and 88%, respectively. On UVA, none of the covariates was associated with CSS. Increasing age (p<0.01) and female gender (p<0.01) were associated with worse Os. On MVA, older age (p<0.01), female gender (p=0.04), multiple regions of involvement (p=0.03), stage I disease (p=0.02), and presence of @entity1109 (p=0.02) were associated with worse Os. Ten-year freedom from SM and freedom from @entity1161 -related SM were 89% and 99%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: This is the largest series to evaluate the outcomes of stage I-II @entity978 @entity1 treated with @entity1161 and found that this @entity1 population has an excellent long-term prognosis and a low rate of @entity1161 -related second @entity5 .

title: Long-term outcomes in XXXX with early stage @entity978 treated with radiotherapy.

entities_list: @entity1161 :: ('MESH:D011832', 'Disease') :: ['RT', 'Radiation therapy']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity978 :: ('MESH:D006689', 'Disease') :: ["nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin's lymphoma", 'NLPHL']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity1 's soft toys are known to harbour @entity6711 ( @entity6711 ) allergens, but little is known whether they harbour cat or @entity235 allergens. The objective of the study was to measure cat (Fel d 1), @entity235 ( @entity17874 ) and @entity6711 allergens on @entity1 's soft toys. METHODS: Dust was collected from 40 @entity1 's soft toys and their mattresses. Data were collected on pet ownership. Dust samples were analysed for Fel d 1, @entity17874 , Der p 1 and Der f 1 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and results are expressed as median levels with inter-quartile ranges. RESULTS: Thirty-five (87.5%) soft toys had detectable Fel d 1 levels (median: 0.73     g/g; inter-quartile range: 0.26-2.56     g/g) while 34 (85%) had detectable @entity17874 levels (1.20     g/g; 0.53-2.68). Correspondingly, 32 (80%) mattresses had detectable Fel d 1 levels (0.18     g/g, 0.07-1.01) while 34 (85%) had detectable @entity17874 levels (0.50     g/g; 0.33-1.06). All mattresses and soft toys had detectable @entity6711 allergen (Der p 1   +   Der f 1) levels with soft toys containing about three times higher levels than mattresses. In homes with @entity468 (n   =   10) Fel d 1 levels were higher on soft toys than homes without @entity468 (2.49 versus 0.48     g/g; p   =   0.0009). In homes with @entity235 (n   =   25) @entity17874 levels were generally higher on soft toys (1.38 versus 0.63     g/g; p   =   0.10). CONCLUSIONS: This study has shown that soft toys can harbour cat and @entity235 allergen as well as @entity6711 allergens, some with very high levels. Cat and @entity235 ownership resulted in higher Fel d 1 and @entity17874 levels on soft toys and mattresses. The levels of Fel d 1, @entity17874 and @entity6711 allergens on soft toys could be of importance to sensitized asthmatic @entity1 .

title: Cat, @entity235 and @entity6711 allergen levels on XXXX 's soft toys.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity6711 :: ('MESH:D008924', 'Disease') :: ['HDM', 'house dust mite']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: We have previously identified exosomes as the paracrine factor secreted by mesenchymal stem cells. Recently, we found that the key features of @entity5721 , namely loss of @entity855 / @entity2125 , increased oxidative stress and cell death were underpinned by @entity942 in @entity63 /reperfused myocardium, and could be ameliorated by proteins in exosomes. To test this hypothesis in vivo, @entity19 (C57Bl6/J) underwent 30 min @entity63 , followed by reperfusion (I/R injury). Purified exosomes or saline was administered 5 min before reperfusion. Exosomes reduced @entity1188 size by 45% compared to saline treatment. Langendorff experiments revealed that intact but not lysed exosomes enhanced viability of the @entity63 /reperfused myocardium. Exosome treated animals exhibited significant preservation of left ventricular geometry and contractile performance during 28 days follow-up. Within an hour after reperfusion, exosome treatment increased levels of @entity855 and @entity2125 , decreased oxidative stress, increased phosphorylated- @entity1994 and phosphorylated- @entity6913 , and reduced phosphorylated-c- @entity14032 in @entity63 /reperfused hearts. Subsequently, both local and systemic @entity32 were significantly reduced 24h after reperfusion. In conclusion, our study shows that intact exosomes restore bioenergetics, reduce oxidative stress and activate pro-survival signaling, thereby enhancing cardiac function and geometry after myocardial I/R injury. Hence, mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes are a potential adjuvant to reperfusion therapy for @entity583 .

title: Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes increase XXXX levels, decrease oxidative stress and activate PI3K/ @entity1994 pathway to enhance myocardial viability and prevent adverse remodeling after myocardial ischemia/ @entity5721 .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity5721 :: ('MESH:D015427', 'Disease') :: ['reperfusion injury']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia', 'ischemic']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity942 :: ('MESH:D003677', 'Disease') :: ['proteomic deficiencies']

answer: @entity855 :: (MESH:D000255,Chemical) :: ['ATP']


abstract: Epidemiologic evidence supports a correlation between @entity28 and @entity0 in @entity1 . @entity860 -activated protein kinase plays an important role in energy homeostasis and inhibits the actions of @entity1919 -responsive element binding protein-regulated transcription coactivator 2 ( @entity29855 ). In postmenopausal @entity1 , the @entity1919 -responsive element binding protein-dependent regulation of aromatase is a determinant of @entity0 formation through local production of @entity172 . The present work aimed to examine the effect of adipokines on aromatase expression and identify additional mechanisms by which @entity1421 causes increased aromatase expression in @entity1 breast adipose stromal cells. Treatment of @entity1 adipose stromal cells with @entity1928 and @entity1359 ( @entity4515 ), to mimic @entity1421 , resulted in nuclear translocation of @entity29855 . Aromatase promoter II (PII) activity assays showed that @entity29855 in addition to @entity1928 / @entity4515 treatment significantly increased PII-induced activity. @entity29855 binding to PII was examined by chromatin immunoprecipitation, and @entity1928 / @entity4515 treatment was associated with increased binding to PII. Treatment of @entity1 adipose stromal cells with leptin significantly up-regulated aromatase expression associated with nuclear translocation of @entity29855 and increased binding of @entity29855 to PII. @entity1254 treatment significantly decreased @entity1928 / @entity4515 -stimulated aromatase expression, consistent with the decreased nuclear translocation of @entity29855 and the decreased binding of @entity29855 to PII. The expression and activity of the @entity860 -activated protein kinase @entity2839 was examined and found to be significantly decreased following either @entity1928 / @entity4515 or leptin treatment. In contrast, @entity1254 significantly increased @entity2839 expression and activity. In conclusion, the regulation of aromatase by @entity29855 , in response to the altered hormonal milieu associated with menopause and @entity28 , provides a critical link between @entity28 and @entity0 .

title: Subcellular localization of @entity1919 -responsive element binding protein-regulated transcription coactivator 2 provides a link between @entity28 and @entity0 in postmenopausal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogens']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer', 'breast tumor']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity1421 :: ('MESH:D015232', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandin E(2)']

entities_list: @entity1359 :: ('CHEBI:37537', 'Chemical') :: ['phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate']

entities_list: @entity1254 :: ('9370', 'Gene') :: ['Adiponectin', 'adiponectin']

entities_list: @entity1919 :: ('MESH:D000242', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclic AMP']

entities_list: @entity1928 :: ('MESH:D005576', 'Chemical') :: ['forskolin']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 cervical @entity5 oncoprotein 1 ( @entity26129 ), reported as a negative regulator of @entity876 , is over-expressed in a variety of @entity1 @entity5 . However, it is yet unknown whether @entity26129 plays any role in @entity788 development. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of @entity4179 on the expression of HCCR in @entity788 cells, and to explore if @entity10412 / @entity584 / @entity3470 signaling pathway mediated this expression. METHODS: A polyclonal antibody against HCCR protein was raised by immunizing Balb/c @entity19 with the purified recombinant protein pMBPc-HCCR. Tissue samples were constructed on a tissue chip, and the expression of HCCR was investigated by immunohistochemistry assay and Western blotting. Pancreatic cell line, PANC-1 cells were stably transfected with plasmids containing sense- @entity26129 fragment and HCCR siRNA fragment. @entity98 and transwell assay were used to investigate the proliferation and invasion of stable tansfectants. The specific inhibitor of @entity10412 and @entity3470 was used to see if @entity10412 / @entity3470 signal transduction was involved in the induction of HCCR gene expression. A Luciferase assay was used to see if @entity584 can enhance the HCCR promoter activity. RESULTS: HCCR was up-regulated in @entity788 tissues (mean Allred score 4.51+/-1.549 vs. 2.87+/-2.193, P<0.01), especially with high expression in poorly differentiated @entity788 . The growth of cells decreased in @entity26129 siRNA transfected cells compared with vector transfectants. The number of invasion cells was significantly lower in @entity26129 siRNA transfected cells (24.4+/-9.9) than that in vector transfectants (49.1+/-15.4). Treatment of PANC-1 cells with @entity4179 increased HCCR protein level in a dose- and time-dependent manner. However, application of @entity2306 and @entity3446 caused a dramatic reduction of @entity4179 -induced HCCR expression. Over-expression of exogenous constitutively active @entity584 increased the HCCR promoter activity; in contrast, dominant negative @entity584 decreased the promoter activity. CONCLUSIONS: EGF-induced @entity26129 over-expression is mediated by @entity10412 / @entity584 / @entity3470 signaling which plays a pivotal role in @entity788 progression, suggesting that @entity26129 could be a potential target for @entity5 therapeutics.

title: @entity4179 induces HCCR expression via @entity10412 / @entity584 / @entity3470 signaling in PANC-1 XXXX cells.

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer', 'pancreatic tumor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity4179 :: ('1950', 'Gene') :: ['epidermal growth factor']

entities_list: @entity3446 :: ('MESH:D020123', 'Chemical') :: ['rapamycin']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatic cancer']


abstract: Despite advances in coronary revascularization and widespread use of primary percutaneous interventions, @entity1455 complicating an acute ST-elevation @entity583 (CSMI) remains a clinical challenge with high mortality rates. Conservative management with @entity2661 is associated with serious limitations, including @entity943 , increased myocardial @entity26 consumption, and inadequate circulatory support. Clinicians have therefore turned to mechanical means of circulatory support. Circulatory assist systems for CSMI can be distinguished by the method of placement (i.e. percutaneous vs. surgical), the type of circulatory support (i.e. left ventricular, right ventricular, or biventricular pressure and/or volume unloading), and whether they are combined with extracorporal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). The percutaneous assist systems most commonly used in CSMI are the intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP), venoarterial ECMO, the Impella pump, and the TandemHeart. Decades of clinical studies and experience demonstrated haemodynamic improvement, including elevation of diastolic perfusion pressure and cardiac output. Recently, the large randomized IABP-Shock II Trial did not show a significant reduction in 30-day mortality in CSMI with IABP insertion. There are no randomized study data available for ECMO use in CSMI. Both the Impella pump and the TandemHeart did not reduce 30-day mortality when compared with IABP in small randomized controlled trials (RCTs). In conclusion, despite the need for effective mechanical circulatory support in CSMI, current devices, as tested, have not been demonstrated to improve short- or long-term survival rates. RCTs testing the optimal timing of device therapy and optimal device design are needed to improve outcomes in CSMI.

title: Mechanical circulatory support in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmias']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity2661 :: ('MESH:D002395', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamines']

entities_list: @entity1455 :: ('MESH:D012770', 'Disease') :: ['cardiogenic shock']

answer: @entity1455 :: (MESH:D012770,Disease) :: ['cardiogenic shock']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3102 has the ability to lower serum @entity251 to castrate level within 48   h. As the prostate is an @entity342 -dependent organ, we investigated the effect of the use of @entity9940 in combination with @entity3102 in cases of acute urinary retention (AUR) due to benign @entity1069 (BPO). METHODS: We recruited @entity1 with AUR secondary to BPO but those with @entity8 were excluded. Following urethral catheterization, the @entity1 were randomized into two equal groups. The first group received @entity9940 (0.4   mg   o.d.) and @entity3102 (200   mg t.d.s.) while the second one had @entity9940 and placebo. The drugs were maintained for 7 days and then the @entity1 were put on trial without catheter (TWOC). The successful cases were assessed with peak flow rate (PFR) and the post-void residual urine volume (PVRV) was also estimated. RESULTS: We included 106 @entity1 with a mean age of 64.1  5.2 years and a mean prostate size of 61.6  14.6   g in the two groups. The received medications were well tolerated by all @entity1 and none of them had discontinued the prescribed drugs. The incidence of the successful TWOC was significantly higher in the combined treatment group (77.35%) compared to the @entity9940 group (58.84%; P=0.01). Among those who had a successful TWOC, the PFR and the PVRV were also significantly better in the combined treatment group compared to the other one (P=0.001). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with AUR due to BPO can be treated safely with a combination of @entity3102 and @entity9940 to get a better success rate of TWOC.

title: Role of combined use of XXXX and @entity9940 in management of acute urinary retention due to benign @entity1069 (a randomized controlled trial).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Patients', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic or renal impairment']

entities_list: @entity1069 :: ('MESH:D053448', 'Disease') :: ['prostatic obstruction']

entities_list: @entity3102 :: ('MESH:D007654', 'Chemical') :: ['ketoconazole', 'Ketoconazole']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen']

entities_list: @entity9940 :: ('MESH:C088482', 'Chemical') :: ['tamsulosin']

answer: @entity3102 :: (MESH:D007654,Chemical) :: ['ketoconazole']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Cryotherapy is a method of @entity33 that involves delivery of a cryogen to result in tissue destruction by extreme low temperature. Its effects are influenced by the dosage of cryogen and thawing of ice. There are limited data on the tissue effects of multiple freeze and thaw cycles of @entity544 ( @entity515 ) cryotherapy on GI tissues. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the extent of tissue injury due to escalating doses of @entity515 cryotherapy on the esophagus, stomach, and colon of @entity1707 . DESIGN: Animal experiment. INTERVENTION: Varying doses of @entity515 cryotherapy with increasing number of freeze-thaw cycles were applied to each site. The animals were allowed to survive for 48 hours. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: Depth of tissue injury assessed in blinded fashion by varying doses of cryotherapy on a defined area of porcine esophagus, stomach, and colon. RESULTS: There was a dose-dependent relationship of @entity515 cryogen and depth of injury (P = .0001 and P = .002, respectively). In the stomach, the dose-response relationship was significant (P = .007), but the average grades of @entity130 the various doses were lower when compared with the esophagus at comparable cryogen doses (P = .0004). The estimated depth of tissue injury from the mucosal surface in the porcine esophagus and colon tissue ranged from 1.2 to 2.5 mm and 1.3 to 2.5 mm, respectively. LIMITATIONS: The study was performed in a normal porcine model. CONCLUSION: There was a dose-dependent relationship between the dose of @entity515 cryotherapy and the depth of tissue injury in the porcine esophagus, stomach, and colon.

title: Dose-dependent depth of tissue injury with XXXX cryotherapy in porcine GI tract.

entities_list: @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['endoscopic mucosal ablation']

entities_list: @entity544 :: ('MESH:D002245', 'Chemical') :: ['carbon dioxide']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['injury across']

answer: @entity544 :: (MESH:D002245,Chemical) :: ['carbon dioxide']


abstract: Elderly @entity1 are susceptible to @entity295 . @entity558 induced @entity296 is a widely used animal model to assess @entity295 induced @entity299 . The age dependent mechanisms behind @entity295 susceptibility were not studied. We analyzed age associated changes to cardiac function, cell @entity204 , @entity32 , oxidative stress, and autophagy in @entity558 induced @entity296 . Both young and aged C57BL/6 @entity19 were used for @entity558 administration. The results demonstrated that @entity558 induced more @entity299 ( @entity908 kinase, @entity880 dehydrogenase, troponin I, and cardiac myosin-light chains 1), @entity299 (left ventricular inner dimension, LVID, and ejection fraction (EF)), cell @entity204 , @entity32 , and oxidative stress in aged @entity19 compared to young @entity19 . However, a significant age dependent decline in autophagy was observed. Translocation of @entity13383 ( @entity13383 ) to nucleus and formation of LC3-II were significantly reduced in @entity558 administered aged @entity19 compared to young ones. In addition to that, downstream effector of @entity13383 , @entity32329 , was induced in response to @entity558 challenge in young @entity19 . The present study newly demonstrates that @entity13383 mediated autophagy is crucial for protection against @entity558 induced @entity296 particularly in aging senescent heart. Targeting this autophagy-oxidative stress- @entity32 -cell @entity204 axis may provide a novel therapeutic strategy for cardioprotection in the elderly.

title: Role of XXXX Mediated Autophagy, Oxidative Stress, @entity32 , and Cell Death in Endotoxin Induced Myocardial Toxicity of Young and Aged @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial injury']

entities_list: @entity908 :: ('MESH:D003401', 'Chemical') :: ['creatine']

entities_list: @entity13383 :: ('21425(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['Transcription Factor EB', 'TFEB']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac injury', 'cardiac dysfunction']

answer: @entity13383 :: (21425(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['TFEB']


abstract: In previous studies swimming training (ST) of spontaneously @entity101 @entity35 (SHR) at 36 degrees water temperature (WT) led to a decrease in blood pressure (BP). A similar effect of ST has not been described in @entity1 @entity101 . Our purpose was to investigate the influence of WT on this training effect, the influence of ST on @entity1184 and the involvement of adrenergic stimuli in the latter. Male SHR (20 weeks old) were divided randomly into 4 groups. 1) SHR sedentary 2) SHR ST 36 degrees 3) SHR ST 26 degrees 4) SHR ST 36 degrees + @entity2165 (50 mg/kg/die). ST was performed 2 X 90 min/day for 31 days and then reduced to 2 X 60 min/day. After 7 weeks of ST BP was lower in all ST groups compared with SHR sedentary (p less than 0.001). BP was higher in ST 26 degrees than in ST 36 degrees (p less than 0.05). No additional effect of @entity2165 on BP was observed. The increase in the degree of @entity1184 during ST (ST 36 degrees: +15%; ST 26 degrees: +26%) could be prevented by @entity2165 (ST 36 degrees + @entity2165 : -1.5%). ST 36 degrees led to improved ventricular and myocardial performance with decreased LV wall stress (" @entity1184 "), while in ST 26 degrees @entity2554 occurred with increased systolic wall stress and elevated LVEDP. It was uncertain whether this should be interpreted as a state of LV pre-insufficiency in ST 26 degrees in spite of no indications of impaired myocardial contractile capability. Peripheral vascular resistance (PVR) was significantly reduced by ST. The reduction was more evident in ST 26 degrees, but was partially compensated for by an increased cardiac output. The weights of adrenal glands increased (p less than 0.001), most markedly for ST 26 degrees. The level of thyroid hormones (T3 and fT3) was increased in ST 26 degrees. In summary, ST proved to be effective in lowering BP of SHR. WT had great influence with respect to cardiovascular adaptation and mechanisms involved in ST of SHR. Cardioadrenergic drive was of great significance for the process of @entity1184 during ST in SHR.

title: Significance of physical exercise in @entity101 . Influence of water temperature and beta-blockade on blood pressure, degree of cardiac hypertrophy and cardiac function in swimming training of spontaneously XXXX @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['LV hypertrophy', 'luxury hypertrophy', 'hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity2554 :: ('MESH:C563906', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular dilatation']

entities_list: @entity2165 :: ('MESH:D001262', 'Chemical') :: ['atenolol']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertensive']


abstract: We report on 4 @entity1 in whom @entity583 was suspected due to acute onset of @entity662 and elevation of the ST-segment. Furthermore in 2 @entity1 the echocardiography revealed regional abnormal wall motion on admission, the others later. Coronary angiography showed normal coronary arteries in all cases. The left ventricular angiogram namely demonstrated regional abnormal wall motion. 2 @entity1 developed a slight increase of the @entity908 phosphokinase including the CK-MB. Only one @entity1 mentioned a grippal infectious disease 6 weeks before. During the hospital time all @entity1 presented one of the inflammatory signs. A demonstration of the infectious agent was not possible in any of the cases. The endomyocardial biopsy was positive in two cases, and slightly positive in one case. Sometimes regional @entity2401 might imitate an @entity583 . Both, the exact anamnesis and coronary angiography are necessary. The performance of an endomyocardial biopsy is desirable.

title: [Diagnosis of suspected acute XXXX in acute regional @entity2401 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['chest pain']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['acute myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity2401 :: ('MESH:D009205', 'Disease') :: ['myocarditis']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarct']


abstract: This experiment was carried out to test the null hypothesis that intramuscular trivalent @entity3407 administration would not remove lipids from the heart and ascending aorta of the hyoercholesterolemic @entity95 and would not lower their serum @entity165 levels. A novel computer-based method, previously described, was used to assess the sizes of the intracardiac and aortic lesions. Clinical chemistry and histopathology were performed through routine methods. The sizes of the lipid deposits in the coronary vasculature of the @entity753 @entity95 were greatly reduced as a result of the intramuscular @entity33359 injections. Lipid deposits in the ascending aorta were similarly reduced, as well as the serum @entity165 concentrations. The terminal serum @entity3407 concentrations in the @entity3407 -treated group were in the range of 3,258-4,513 microg/L, whereas, in the untreated animals, the concentrations were 3.2 to 6.3 microg/L. The general condition of the @entity3407 -treated animals was good and they were continuing to gain weight up to the time they were killed. However, it was found that their liver function tests had become abnormal even though there was no evidence of hepatic histopathological lesions specifically affecting the @entity3407 -treated group. The kidney function tests and histopathology were normal. These findings suggest that a more @entity146 approach than those tried hitherto might be useful in treating @entity731 @entity1 @entity1 with @entity3407 .

title: @entity33359 administration causes a substantial reduction of coronary lipid deposits, aortic lipid deposits, and serum XXXX concentration in @entity95 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity753 :: ('OMIM:143890', 'Disease') :: ['hypercholesterolemic']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive']

entities_list: @entity3407 :: ('MESH:D002857', 'Chemical') :: ['chromium']

entities_list: @entity33359 :: ('MESH:C017133', 'Chemical') :: ['chromium chloride']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerotic']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity165 :: (MESH:D002784,Chemical) :: ['cholesterol']


abstract: This study determined whether episodes of @entity741 occur in @entity101 @entity1 with normal coronary angiograms. ST-segment analysis during 24-hour Holter electrocardiography was determined in 48 @entity1 (24 @entity1 and 24 @entity1 , mean age 54.6 +/- 10.4 years) with @entity101 (systolic/diastolic blood pressure 189.7 +/- 29/99.5 +/- 15 mm Hg). The thickness of left ventricular posterior wall and septum were measured with echocardiography. Stenosis of coronary vessels were excluded on angiography in all @entity1 . In 24 of 48 @entity1 , 12.8 +/- 13.8 episodes of transient @entity741 (ST-segment @entity308 greater than or equal to 1 mm, duration of the episode greater than or equal to 1 minute) were observed. The duration of the episodes was 48.1 +/- 69.93 minutes and the maximal ST-segment @entity308 was 1.91 +/- 0.82 mm. In 95% of the episodes the @entity1 did not experience any @entity951 . The degree of left ventricular wall thickness did not differ in @entity101 @entity1 with and without transient @entity741 (septum thickness 11 +/- 2 mm). It is concluded that transient @entity741 often occurs in @entity101 @entity1 . Thus, @entity4346 does not appear to play any important role. The underlying cause appears to be the impaired coronary dilation capacity, i.e., vascular alterations.

title: Transient XXXX in @entity101 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['essential arterial hypertension', 'hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity951 :: ('MESH:D000787', 'Disease') :: ['angina pectoris']

entities_list: @entity4346 :: ('MESH:D017379', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial ischemia']

answer: @entity741 :: (MESH:D017202,Disease) :: ['myocardial ischemia']


abstract: This work aims at investigating texture parameters in distinguishing @entity0 on ultrasound images. A rectangular region of interest (ROI) containing the @entity5 and its neighboring was defined for each image. Five parameters were extracted from the complexity curve (CC) of the ROI. Another five parameters were calculated from the grey-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) also for the ROI. The same was carried out for internal @entity5 region, hence, totaling 20 parameters. The linear discriminant analysis was applied to sets of up to five parameters and then the performances were assessed. The most relevant individual parameters were the contrast (con) (from the GLCM over the ROI) and the maximum value (mvi) from the CC just for the @entity5 internal region). When they were taken together, a correct classification slightly over 80% of the @entity0 was achieved. The highest performance (accuracy=84.2%, sensitivity=87.0%, and specificity=78.8%) was obtained with mvi, con, the standard deviation of the pixel pairs and the entropy, both for GLCM, and the internal region contrast also from GLCM. Parameters extracted from the internal region generally performed better and were more significant than those from the ROI. Moreover, parameters calculated only from CC or GLCM resulted in no statistically significant performance difference. These findings suggest that the texture parameters can be useful to help radiologist in distinguishing between benign or malign @entity0 on ultrasound images.

title: Complexity curve and grey level co-occurrence matrix in the texture evaluation of XXXX on ultrasound images.

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['malign and benign breast tumors', 'breast tumors']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast tumor']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate clinical outcomes, pathologic subtypes, @entity3 rate, and clinical features associated with @entity8 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective study was institutional review board approved and HIPAA compliant. Informed consent was waived. Radiology and hospital information systems were searched for Bosniak IIF and @entity75 in computed tomographic (CT) reports from January 1, 1994 to August 31, 2009. @entity1 18 years and older with unenhanced and contrast material-enhanced CT results and with lesions either surgically resected or with 1 year or more of surveillance were included. Data recorded were history of @entity1358 , number of @entity8 , presence of a coexistent solid renal mass, surgical pathologic findings, and presence of @entity3 from a @entity8 . Sixty-two @entity1 with 69 @entity75 and 131 @entity1 with 144 @entity75 were identified. Proportions from independent groups were compared by using the Fisher exact test; continuous variables were compared by using a two-tailed two-sample t test or a Wilcoxon two-sample test. RESULTS: The @entity5 rate of resected @entity75 was 25% (four of 16) and that for @entity75 was 54% (58 of 107) (P = .03). Thirteen percent (nine of 69) of @entity75 progressed at follow-up, and 50% (four of eight) of these resected cysts were malignant. History of primary @entity8 , coexisting Bosniak @entity75 and/or solid renal mass, and multiplicity of @entity75 were each associated with an increased @entity5 rate in @entity75 . No @entity1 developed locally advanced or @entity3 from a @entity75 . CONCLUSION: Although the @entity5 rate in surgically excised @entity8 was 25% and 54%, respectively, in our study, the @entity5 rate was higher in @entity1 with a history of primary @entity8 or coexisting @entity8 .

title: Bosniak XXXX : outcomes and associations.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal lesions', 'renal malignancy', 'Bosniak IV lesion and/or solid renal neoplasm', 'malignancy in Bosniak category IIF and III cystic renal lesions', 'Bosniak IIF and Bosniak III cystic renal lesions']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['Bosniak IIF lesions', 'Bosniak III lesions', 'category IV lesion', 'Bosniak IIF or III lesion']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['renal cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic disease']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['category IIF and III cystic renal lesions']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The treatment for a majority of solid organ tumors is surgical resection; 10-20 % of @entity1 suffer a perioperative complication. Perioperative complications may contribute to @entity5 recurrence. This study examined the relationship between @entity260 and risk-adjusted @entity1 overall survival. METHODS: Data from 2003 to 2009 were linked from our clinical @entity5 registry, the National Surgery Quality Improvement Project (NSQIP), and medical records. @entity1 who had @entity5 extirpation for cure were included. The NSQIP was used to identify complications. @entity1 with a complication were matched to @entity1 without a complication.    (2) tests and Cox proportional hazard regression models were used. RESULTS: A total of 415 @entity1 were included for survival analysis. The hazard ratio (HR) for mortality associated with having a complication was 2.17. The HR for mortality after 200 days postoperatively was 2.47. Infectious complications were associated with the highest association with increased mortality (HR = 3.56). Noninfectious complications were not associated with an increased risk of mortality. CONCLUSIONS: This study investigated the relationship of surgical @entity166 complications in @entity5 @entity1 with long-term survival for @entity1 who had a number of different types of @entity5 . After taking into account the site, histology, and stage of the @entity5 , we found that @entity1 with @entity166 complications had @entity204 .

title: Association between @entity260 and clinical XXXX outcomes.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['earlier death']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['infectious']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: CT morphology of malignant pathologies of the stomach was evaluated by filling the stomach with water. Fifty-three @entity1 were examined who were affected with @entity189 , and 12 with @entity706 . @entity189 either determined parietal thickening of 7 mm to 3 cm or appeared as endoluminal vegetations with a big implant base. Neoplastic tissue had higher density than adjacent gastric wall in 80% of the cases, and the same density in the extant 20%. Only @entity189 appeared as isodense, the other histological types being hyperdense. The @entity1 with @entity6595 presented with small endoluminal vegetations or parietal thickening of 6 mm to 2 cm. @entity2617 had lower density than normal adjacent gastric wall in 65% of the cases, and the same density in the extant 35%. CT allowed even small lesions to be identified in malignant @entity1819 ; nonetheless, the method is to be considered a complementary technique to conventional radiology or endoscopy. The attenuation value of parietal alterations helps distinguish @entity356 from @entity706 , because of the hyperdense/hypodense aspect of the lesion. On the contrary, a @entity356 or @entity706 cannot be diagnosed when the @entity5 has the same density as adjacent gastric wall.

title: [The CT aspects and pathological correlations in XXXX and @entity706 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma', 'lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity6595 :: ('MESH:C535648', 'Disease') :: ['gastric lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity2617 :: ('MESH:D017254', 'Disease') :: ['Lymphomatous infiltrates']

entities_list: @entity1819 :: ('MESH:D013272', 'Disease') :: ['gastric diseases']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['mucinous carcinomas', 'Carcinomas', 'carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric carcinomas', 'gastric carcinoma']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['gastric adenocarcinoma']


abstract: AIMS: In animal models of @entity9 , the noradrenergic descending @entity158 inhibitory pathways from the locus coeruleus (LC) may be suppressed. However, no study has investigated the correlation between @entity1063 (NA) release in the LC and efficacy of analgesics in @entity35 with @entity3949 . Using microdialysis and analysis of mechanical @entity56 , we investigated the correlation between NA release in the LC and efficacy of @entity1286 , @entity1340 , and @entity8991 in @entity35 with @entity6 ( @entity6 ). MAIN METHODS: In freely moving @entity35 , basal NA concentrations in LC perfusate were quantitated 72 to 96 h after microdialysis probe implantation. Following intravenous administration of each drug, NA concentrations were expressed as a percentage of basal values. We concurrently measured the threshold to elicit a paw withdrawal response every 20 min for 80 min. KEY FINDINGS: NA concentrations in the LC perfusate were significantly higher in the @entity1340 and @entity8991 groups compared to the @entity1286 group. @entity1510 administration did not significantly affect NA concentrations. In the @entity1286 group, NA release in the LC was not significantly correlated with the @entity158 threshold. In contrast, in the @entity1340 and @entity8991 groups, NA release in the LC was significantly correlated with the @entity158 threshold. The correlation coefficient was higher in the @entity8991 group than in the @entity1340 group. SIGNIFICANCE: Our results suggest that the descending noradrenergic pathway can play an important role in analgesia for @entity6 and that there is a significant correlation between NA release in the LC and the efficacy of @entity1340 and @entity8991 .

title: Relationship between @entity1063 release in the locus coeruleus and antiallodynic efficacy of analgesics in @entity35 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1340 :: ('MESH:D014147', 'Chemical') :: ['tramadol']

entities_list: @entity8991 :: ('MESH:D002997', 'Chemical') :: ['clomipramine']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic mellitus', 'DM', 'DM neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity3949 :: ('MESH:D003929', 'Disease') :: ['painful diabetic neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity1510 :: ('MESH:D009270', 'Chemical') :: ['Naloxone']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['hypersensitivity']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['noradrenaline']

entities_list: @entity9 :: ('MESH:D009437', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathic pain']

answer: @entity3949 :: (MESH:D003929,Disease) :: ['painful diabetic neuropathy']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We report a @entity1 with @entity884 and @entity1511 occurring simultaneously. The @entity1 was a 59-year-old @entity1 . He was suspected of having @entity263 due to a high @entity1486 concentration noted in a checkup. He then underwent a transrectal ultrasound guided prostate biopsy with @entity35496 as antimicrobial prophylaxis. He had a fever higher than 38    C and @entity158 for a few days after the biopsy. @entity797 was isolated from 2 sets of blood culture. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed an abnormal image at C7/Th1 with a signal decrease in T1-weighted sequences and signal increase in T2-weighted sequences that were suspected to be due to @entity79 . Therefore, he was diagnosed as having @entity1511 by an orthopedist. At the same time, he complained of palpitation and a heart murmur was detected. Then transesophageal echocardiography was performed by a cardiologist and it revealed vegetation in his left ventricle and @entity337 , and finally acute @entity299 was determined. He was treated with @entity7120 / @entity3400 and aortic valve displacement surgery. Based on the results of the prostate biopsy and image inspection, he was diagnosed as having @entity263 . He was treated by @entity342 deprivation therapy and external beam radiation therapy. We have to keep in mind that @entity797 can be a potential pathogen for severe @entity166 complications after prostate biopsy, especially if a @entity8509 is selected for antimicrobial prophylaxis.

title: A case of @entity884 and XXXX after transrectal ultrasound guided prostate biopsy.

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['localized prostate cancer', 'prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity7120 :: ('MESH:C043265', 'Chemical') :: ['tazobactam']

entities_list: @entity1511 :: ('MESH:D013166', 'Disease') :: ['pyrogenic spondylitis', 'pyogenic spondylitis']

entities_list: @entity797 :: ('1351', 'Species') :: ['Enterococcus faecalis', 'E.  faecalis']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone destruction']

entities_list: @entity337 :: ('MESH:D001022', 'Disease') :: ['aortic regurgitation']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['lumbar pain']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity3400 :: ('MESH:D010878', 'Chemical') :: ['piperacillin']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['infectious']

entities_list: @entity8509 :: ('D002511', 'Chemical') :: ['cephalosporin']

entities_list: @entity1486 :: ('354', 'Gene') :: ['prostate-specific antigen']

entities_list: @entity884 :: ('MESH:D004696', 'Disease') :: ['infective endocarditis']

answer: @entity1511 :: (MESH:D013166,Disease) :: ['pyogenic spondylitis']


abstract: Retrospective review of 160 @entity1 with @entity189 of the supraglottic larynx was accomplished for the period 1964 to 1974. The majority were treated by low dose preoperative radiation and conservation surgery and the rest by preoperative radiation and total laryngectomy or radiation alone. Relapse-free and actuarial 5 year survival for all @entity1 was 71% and 45%, respectively. Of primary and neck failures, 85% occurred within 2 years. Primary, nodal, and distant failures occurred in 11%, 21%, and 14% of all @entity1 , respectively. Of 40 T and/or N failures, 33 (83%) occurred in the neck and three T and six N failures (23%) were surgically salvaged. Voice was preserved in 71% of the @entity1 . Major complications were noted in 16% and minor complications in 26% of surgically managed @entity1 ; operative mortality was 4%. The presence of microscopic lymph node metastases best predicted those who would later develop T and/or N failure and distant metastases. Second @entity5 occurred in 26% and the leading cause of death was @entity5 .

title: XXXX of the supraglottic larynx.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'primary tumors']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['Carcinoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Current therapies often have limited efficacy and untenable side effects when used to treat persistent incisional @entity158 following @entity5 -related surgery. @entity3303 patches reduce @entity9 but their benefits for persistent @entity5 -related postsurgical incisional @entity158 remain unclear. STUDY DESIGN: Multicenter, double-blind, randomized, two-period crossover trial. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-eight @entity5 @entity1 with postsurgical incisional @entity158 were randomly assigned to receive either @entity3303 patches followed by placebo patches or the reverse. Each study period lasted 4 weeks. Patches were applied daily upon waking and left in place for a maximum of 18 h. The primary outcome measure, an 11-point @entity158 intensity rating scale, was administered weekly. Secondary outcomes were administered weekly (Brief Pain Inventory-Short Form(BPI-SF), Subject Global Impression of Change) and at the end of each study period (Short Form-Magill Pain Questionnaire, Linear Analogue Self Assessment Scale, @entity21115 Scale, Pain Catastrophizing Scale, Profile of Mood States Short Form). RESULTS: Twenty-one @entity1 completed the first period and 18 completed their crossover second phase. No significant intergroup differences were detected in @entity158 intensity ratings. Few secondary end points were significantly different when subjects used the @entity3303 versus placebo patches. BPI-SF interference scores were lower in @entity1 using the @entity3303 patch during the first study period, including several scores that achieved statistical significance, general activity (p = 0.02), work (p = 0.04), and relations with others (p = 0.02). CONCLUSION: @entity3303 patch use did not significantly reduce @entity158 intensity ratings or the majority of related secondary end points in @entity5 @entity1 with persistent incisional @entity158 .

title: Use of a @entity3303 patch in the management of postsurgical @entity9 in XXXX with @entity5 : a phase III double-blind crossover study (N01CB).

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity3303 :: ('MESH:D008012', 'Chemical') :: ['Lidocaine', 'lidocaine']

entities_list: @entity21115 :: ('MESH:C564945', 'Disease') :: ['Neuropathy Pain']

entities_list: @entity9 :: ('MESH:D009437', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathic pain from herpes zoster']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: A prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was conducted to determine the safety and efficacy of endotracheal @entity2890 (ETT) for treatment of gram-negative @entity2028 . @entity1 were randomized to either 40 mg of @entity2890 or a placebo instilled endotracheally every 8 h. @entity1 also received intravenous @entity2890 plus either @entity7048 or @entity3400 . Of 85 @entity1 enrolled, 41 were assessable. Most microbiologic diagnoses were made by endotracheal aspiration with strict grading criteria. The clinical-radiographic responses of @entity1 and standard demographic data were recorded. @entity796 , "multiple pathogens," and Klebsiella-Enterobacter-Serratia-Citrobacter species were isolated in 41, 32, and 15% of the instances, respectively. Causative pathogens were eradicated from sputum significantly more frequently by @entity1 who received ETT (P less than 0.05). However, no significant differences were noted in the clinical outcomes of the two study groups. No local adverse reactions attributable to the administration of this agent were observed, but four @entity1 had @entity4710 , compared with none who received the placebo (P = 0.053). ETT may be considered as adjunctive therapy for seriously ill individuals.

title: Double-blind study of endotracheal XXXX in the treatment of gram-negative @entity2028 . The Endotracheal @entity2890 Study Group.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4710 :: ('MESH:D013617', 'Disease') :: ['supraventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity7048 :: ('MESH:D002437', 'Chemical') :: ['cefazolin']

entities_list: @entity2890 :: ('MESH:D014031', 'Chemical') :: ['tobramycin']

entities_list: @entity796 :: ('287', 'Species') :: ['Pseudomonas aeruginosa']

entities_list: @entity2028 :: ('MESH:D018410', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial pneumonia']

answer: @entity2890 :: (MESH:D014031,Chemical) :: ['tobramycin']


abstract: REACH Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC) provides @entity64 consults via the internet in South Carolina. From May 2008 to April 2011 231 @entity1 were treated with intravenous (IV) thrombolysis and 369 were transferred to MUSC including 42 for intra-arterial revascularization [with or without IV tissue plasminogen activator (tPA)]. Medical outcomes and @entity548 rates, reported elsewhere, were good (Lazaridis et al., 2011). Here we report operational features of REACH MUSC which covers 15 sites with 2,482 beds and 471,875 @entity341 ( @entity341 ) visits per year. Eight Academic Faculty from MUSC worked with 165 different physicians and 325 different nurses in the conduct of 1085 consults. For the 231 who received tPA, time milestones (in minutes) were: Onset to Door: 62 (mean), 50 (median); Door to REACH Consult: 43 and 33, Consult Request to Consult Start: was 9 and 7, Consult Start to tPA Decision: 31 and 25; Decision to Infusion: 20 and 14, and total Door to Needle: 98 and 87. The comparable times for the 854 not receiving tPA were: Onset to Door: 140 and 75; Door to REACH Consult: 61 and 41; Consult Request to Consult Start: 9 and 7, Consult Start to tPA Decision: 27 and 23. While the consultants respond to consult requests in <10, there is a long delay between arrival and Consult request. Tracking of operations indicates if we target shortening Door to Call time and time from tPA decision to start of drug infusion we may be able to improve Door to Needle times to target of <60. The large number of individuals involved in the care of these @entity1 , most of whom had no training in REACH usage, will require novel approaches to staff education in @entity341 based operations where turnover is high. Despite these challenges, this robust system delivered tPA safely and in a high fraction of @entity1 evaluated using the REACH MUSC system.

title: REACH MUSC: A Telemedicine Facilitated Network for XXXX : Initial Operational Experience.

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['ED', 'Emergency Department']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['Stroke']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: New treatment options for @entity1 with metastatic Soft Tissue @entity242 are urgently needed. Preclinical studies suggested activity of @entity782 , a histone deacetylase inhibitor. METHODS: A multi-centre, open-label, non-randomised phase II trial to investigate the efficacy and safety of @entity782 in @entity1 with locally advanced or metastatic Soft Tissue @entity242 failing 1st-line @entity5948 -based chemotherapy was initiated. @entity1 were treated with @entity782 400  mg po qd for 28 d  followed by a treatment-free period of 7 d, representing a treatment cycle of 5 weeks. Restaging was performed every three cycles or at clinical progression. RESULTS: Between 06/10 and 09/13, 40 Soft Tissue @entity242 @entity1 were treated with @entity782 at seven participating centres. @entity1 had received 1 (n=8, 20%), 2 (n=10, 25%) or >= 3 (n=22, 55%) previous lines of chemotherapy. Best response after three cycles of treatment was stable disease (n=9, 23%). Median progression-free survival and overall survival were 3.2 and 12.3 months, respectively. Six @entity1 showed long-lasting disease stabilisation for up to ten cycles. Statistical analyses failed to identify baseline predictive markers in this subgroup. Major @entity137 (grade >= III) included haematological @entity137 (n=6, 15%) @entity344 (n=5, 13%), @entity1295 (n=4, 10%), @entity4512 (n=4, 10%), and @entity55 (n=2, 5%). CONCLUSION: In a heavily pre-treated @entity1 population, objective response to @entity782 was low. However, a small subgroup of @entity1 had long-lasting disease stabilisation. Further studies aiming to identify predictive markers for treatment response as well as exploration of combination regimens are warranted. TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT00918489 (ClinicalTrials.gov) EudraCT-number: 2008-008513-19.

title: @entity782 in refractory soft tissue @entity242 - Results of a multi-centre phase II trial of the German Soft Tissue XXXX and Bone Tumour Working Group (AIO).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4512 :: ('MESH:D059352', 'Disease') :: ['musculoskeletal pain']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity5948 :: ('D018943', 'Chemical') :: ['anthracycline']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal disorders']

entities_list: @entity782 :: ('MESH:C111237', 'Chemical') :: ['vorinostat']

answer: @entity242 :: (MESH:D012509,Disease) :: ['Sarcoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to compare the outcome of reconstruction options adopted for the management of @entity1348 ( @entity1348 ) @entity3947 . @entity1 AND METHODS: This retrospective cohort study consisted of a sample of @entity1 with @entity1348 @entity3947 diagnosed clinically and radiologically. Depending upon the reconstruction provided, the cases were divided into 2 groups. Group I includes the cases treated by excision of ankylosed mass and interposition of temporalis myofascial flap. In group II, the cases were treated by excision, temporalis myofascial flap interposition, and reconstruction of @entity16176 ( @entity16176 ). Two different methods of reconstruction were used, costochondral graft (CCG) (group IIa) and distraction osteogenesis (group IIb). The outcome variables were range of jaw motion, overgrowth of CCG, reankylosis, and other complications. Data analyses included appropriate univariate and bivariate statistics. RESULTS: The average mouth opening achieved in both groups was 36 mm. Failure was observed in 3 @entity1 , 1 from group I and 2 from group IIa. One case of bilateral @entity3947 and 2 cases of unilateral @entity3947 had recurrence. No overgrowth of CCG was observed. CONCLUSIONS: In cases with no or minimal @entity85 , interpositional arthroplasty with temporalis myofascial flap is a good option without a second surgical wound. However, in younger @entity1 , joint reconstruction with both costochondral graft and distraction osteogenesis of @entity16176 is more appropriate and had similar results. The failure of treatment was due to noncompliance to postsurgical physiotherapy rather than the selection of reconstruction options.

title: Selecting reconstruction option for @entity1348 XXXX : a surgeon's dilemma.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity3947 :: ('MESH:D000844', 'Disease') :: ['ankylosis']

entities_list: @entity16176 :: ('MESH:C538270', 'Disease') :: ['RCU', 'ramus condylar unit']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['mandibular deformity']

entities_list: @entity1348 :: ('MESH:D013706', 'Disease') :: ['TMJ', 'temporomandibular joint']

answer: @entity3947 :: (MESH:D000844,Disease) :: ['ankylosis']