abstract: Seventy-three @entity1 with @entity1583 undergoing allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) were evaluated for event-free survival (EFS) and @entity137 . All received 36 g/m2 @entity2592 ( @entity42666 ) and 1200 cGy fractionated @entity348 ( @entity348 ). We assessed the association of EFS and @entity137 with the following risk factors; age, gender, diagnosis, initial relapse risk and @entity1 -donor histocompatibility. The EFS probability @entity16222 % at 800 days post-BMT. Twenty-six @entity1 (36%) died of @entity137 within 100 days and 14 (19%) have relapsed. EFS was inversely associated with age (P < 0.0001) and initial relapse risk (P = 0.007). The risk of pulmonary (P = 0.023) and hepatic @entity137 (P = 0.011) increased with age. Diagnosis other than @entity981 ( @entity981 ) was a risk factor (P = 0.015) for @entity2132 ( @entity2132 ); and fewer @entity981 @entity1 died from @entity137 (P = 0.014). The probability of @entity295 within 100 days post-BMT correlated (P = 0.007) with initial relapse risk. We conclude: (1) the lower EFS and greater pulmonary and hepatic @entity137 associated with increasing age indicate a need for less toxic regimens that maintain high antileukemic efficacy for older @entity1 ; (2) the high @entity2132 and @entity295 rates seen in certain categories of @entity1 indicate a need for careful definition of eligibility criteria for this still highly toxic treatment.

title: @entity137 associated with high-dose @entity2592 and XXXX as conditioning for allogeneic bone marrow transplantation.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity981 :: ('MESH:D054198', 'Disease') :: ['ALL', 'acute lymphoblastic leukemia']

entities_list: @entity2592 :: ('MESH:D003561', 'Chemical') :: ['cytosine arabinoside']

entities_list: @entity2132 :: ('MESH:D006086', 'Disease') :: ['GVHD', 'graft-versus-host disease']

entities_list: @entity348 :: ('MESH:C535338', 'Disease') :: ['TBI', 'total body irradiation']

entities_list: @entity1583 :: ('MESH:D019337', 'Disease') :: ['hematological cancers']

answer: @entity348 :: (MESH:C535338,Disease) :: ['total body irradiation']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Recent studies based on self-assessed data on exposure and outcome suggest a negative association between poor health before @entity9389 and recovery. Our aim was to study actual healthcare consultation and work disability before and after @entity9389 ( @entity7125 ). DESIGN: Cohort study with matched references studied prospectively and retrospectively via regional and national held registers. SETTING: Population-based study in Region Sk  ne, Sweden (population=1.21 million) including all levels of healthcare. @entity1 : 1443 @entity1 aged >= 18 (54% @entity1 ) with @entity131 , @entity7125 , (International Classification of Diseases-10-SE code S13.4*) in 2007 or 2008 and no such diagnosis since 1998. Each @entity1 with a @entity9389 was assigned four randomly selected population references matched for age, sex and area of residence (97% of the @entity1 and 94% of the references were followed during the whole study period). PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: We studied changes in healthcare consultations 3 years before to 3 years after diagnosis as well as sick leave episodes. Analyses were also stratified by preinjury frequency of consultation. RESULTS: Before the injury, the mean number of total consultations over 36 months among the neck injured (n=1443) and references (n=5772) was 9.3 vs 7.2 (p<0.0001) and postneck injury 12.7 vs 7.8 (p<0.0001). In the group of high-frequent consulters, there were more @entity1 compared with frequent and low-frequent consulters (70.6% vs 32.8%; p<0.0001). Among low-frequent and frequent consulters preinjury (n=967, 67% of the cohort), 16% became high-frequent consulters attributable to the injury. The number of days of sick leave preinjury was correlated with the number of preinjury and postinjury consultations (r=0.47 (99% CI 0.38 to 0.49), r=0.32 (99% CI 0.25 to 0.37)). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with a @entity9389 constitute a heterogeneous group. The preinjury level of healthcare consultation is associated with the postinjury level of consultation.

title: Healthcare consultation and sick leave before and after XXXX : a cohort study with matched population-based references.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'patients', 'patient', 'PARTICIPANTS', 'People']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['acute neck injury']

entities_list: @entity7125 :: ('MESH:D014911', 'Disease') :: ['whiplash', 'Whiplash']

entities_list: @entity9389 :: ('MESH:D019838', 'Disease') :: ['neck injury']

answer: @entity9389 :: (MESH:D019838,Disease) :: ['neck injury']


abstract: PURPOSE: The combination of @entity901 , @entity1487 , and @entity4181 with concurrent radiotherapy was demonstrated to be a safe regimen for locally advanced @entity418 in a prior phase I study. We now report the efficacy data for 42 @entity1 treated with this regimen. METHODS: Each chemotherapy cycle lasted 29 days and consisted of @entity1487 , 180 mg/m2 protracted-infusion from days 1 to 29, and @entity901 , 85 mg/m2 on days 1, 15, and 29. The first cycle was administered concurrently with radiation. The radiation field included regional lymph nodes as well as the @entity5 or @entity5 bed to a dose of 50.4 Gy in 28 fractions. After concurrent chemoradiotherapy, 1 to 2 additional cycles of chemotherapy were administered. If esophagectomy was indicated, it occurred 4 weeks after completion of concurrent chemoradiotherapy. In the adjuvant group, concurrent chemoradiotherapy was initiated 4 weeks after surgery. RESULTS: Median age was 61 years (range 38-78 years); 30 (71%) of the @entity1 were male. Thirty-three @entity1 had @entity420 , and 9 had @entity957 . Concurrent chemoradiotherapy was administered preoperatively (group 1) in 24 @entity1 , definitively (group 2) in 13 @entity1 , and as adjuvant treatment (group 3) in 5 @entity1 . In group 1, 16 @entity1 were down-staged including 1 @entity1 with @entity41 and 5 with a complete pathologic response; 4 @entity1 were not down-staged, and 4 did not undergo esophagectomy (2 progressed, 1 died of unrelated causes, and 1 refused). In group 2, 1 @entity1 had a complete clinical response, 4 others were down-staged, 2 had stable disease, and 6 progressed. Four @entity1 in group 3 progressed. Median survival was 28 months for group 1, 12 months for group 2, and not reached at 14 months for group 3. There was one grade 4 @entity137 (anaphylaxis) in group 2. Grade 3 @entity137 were reported for 5 @entity1 in group 1 and 1 @entity1 in group 2. They consisted of @entity551 (n=1), @entity1295 (n=2), @entity294 (n=2), @entity16 (n=1), @entity33 (n=1), @entity55 (n=1), @entity2700 (n=1), emesis (n=1), and @entity353 (n=1). CONCLUSIONS: Our study supports the incorporation of @entity901 into a multimodal concurrent chemoradiotherapy protocol for locally advanced @entity418 .

title: Concurrent @entity901 , @entity1487 , and radiotherapy in the treatment of locally advanced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity901 :: ('MESH:C030110', 'Chemical') :: ['oxaliplatin']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4181 :: ('MESH:D002955', 'Chemical') :: ['leucovorin']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities', 'toxicity']

entities_list: @entity2700 :: ('MESH:D003681', 'Disease') :: ['dehydration']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity41 :: ('MESH:D018365', 'Disease') :: ['minimal residual disease']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonitis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'primary tumor']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['mucositis']

entities_list: @entity418 :: ('MESH:D004938', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal cancer', 'esophageal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['5-fluorouracil']

answer: @entity418 :: (MESH:D004938,Disease) :: ['esophageal carcinoma']


abstract: Atrioventricular annuli are important in haemodynamic flexibility, competence, and support for tricuspid and mitral valves. The anatomical features of the annuli, such as circumference, organisation of connective tissue fibres, myocardium, and cellularity, may predispose to @entity1887 and @entity340 . These pathologies occur more commonly in females, although the anatomical basis for this disparity is unclear. Sex variation in the structure of the annuli is important in providing a morphological basis for the patterns of these diseases. This study therefore aimed to determine the sex variations in the structure of @entity1 atrioventricular annuli. One hundred and one hearts (48 males, 53 females) obtained from the Department of @entity1 Anatomy of the University of Nairobi were studied. Annular circumferences were measured using a flexible ruler and corrected for heart weight. Results were analysed using SPSS version 17.0 and sex differences determined using student's t-test. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered significant. For light microscopy, specimens were harvested within 48 hours post-mortem, processed, sectioned, and stained with Masson's trichrome and Weigert's elastic stain with van Gieson counterstaining. Females had significantly larger annular circumferences than males after correcting for heart weight (p  <= 0.05). Histologically, myocardium was consistently present in all male annuli while this was absent in females except in one specimen. The annuli were more elastic and cellular in males especially in the annulo-myocardial and annulo-valvular zones, respectively. The corrected larger annular circumference in females may limit heart valve coaptation during cardiac cycle and may be a risk factor for @entity340 . The predominance of myocardium, annular cellularity, and elasticity may be more protective against @entity340 in males than in females.

title: Sex variations in the structure of XXXX atrioventricular annuli.

entities_list: @entity340 :: ('MESH:D006349', 'Disease') :: ['heart valve incompetence', 'valvular incompetence', 'valvular insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity1887 :: ('MESH:D000309', 'Disease') :: ['annular insufficiency']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: In the last 2 decades, reports of @entity130 have shown an increasing number of skiers with severe @entity130 . This article provides an account of a retrospective study of 549 @entity1 with 1155 @entity8494 sustained while skiing who received treatment at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at the University Hospital in Innsbruck, Austria between 1991 and 1996. The study was based on a questionnaire answered by the @entity1 and on case report forms. Most of the @entity1 were male (65.2%) and were aged between 3 and 81 years (average 28.4 years). A simple fall while skiing was the main type of accident (45.9%), followed by collisions with other @entity1 (23.5%). Injuries were classified into 1 of 3 groups: (i) lesions of the soft tissue (32.2% of all @entity130 ); (ii) @entity130 (24.3%); and (iii) @entity174 of facial bones (43.5%). Lacerations and haematomas were the most frequent lesions in @entity1 with @entity130 to the soft tissues. The group of @entity1 with @entity130 mainly presented with @entity174 . @entity174 involving the mandible and the zygomatic bone were predominant in @entity1 in the third group. Concomitant @entity130 mainly included @entity1545 . Treatment was ambulatory, or by admission and surgery. We did not observe an increase in the number of skiing accidents causing @entity8494 in the last 5 years. @entity8494 represented 4% of all @entity130 , a lower proportion than in other sports.

title: XXXX in skiing. A retrospective study of 549 cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity1545 :: ('MESH:D020214', 'Disease') :: ['injuries to the brain and skull fractures']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'fractures of tooth crowns', 'Fractures']

entities_list: @entity8494 :: ('MESH:D005151', 'Disease') :: ['facial injury', 'Facial injuries', 'facial injuries']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['injuries', 'skiing injuries', 'dentoalveolar traumas', 'dentoalveolar trauma', 'trauma']

answer: @entity8494 :: (MESH:D005151,Disease) :: ['Facial injuries']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: According to current practice guidelines, coronary bypass surgery is the standard care option for unprotected left main (ULM) @entity850 . However, a group of high surgical risk @entity1 who are not eligible for coronary bypass surgery could benefit from percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Severe calcification hampers PCI in this setting, and @entity717 ( @entity717 ) could be of great help. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed a cohort of 40 @entity1 with severely @entity850 , not eligible for coronary artery bypass grafting, who underwent @entity717 in our center. RESULTS: Forty @entity1 (mean age, 73    8 years; 26 males) with ULM @entity850 were treated with @entity717 . Twenty-seven (67%) had distal @entity850 . The mean number of treated vessels was 2.38    0.74, with a mean lesion length of 30    18 mm. Abciximab was used in 12 (30%) cases and an intra-aortic balloon pump in three cases. One @entity1 died during the procedure and another two @entity1 died in the first 24 hr after the procedure. The major events registered after the procedure included one significant @entity393 , and two minor and one major case of @entity548 (the latter requiring transfusion) at the puncture point. After a median of 24.7 (IQR 19.6-34.3) months of follow-up, 12 @entity204 were recorded. Survival free of @entity204 was 71    7% and clinical guided target vessel revascularization 19.3    7% at 2 years. CONCLUSION: In a group of high surgical risk @entity1 , @entity717 on severely calcified @entity850 is feasible and, in spite of high mortality rates, could pose the only possible effective treatment.

title: Percutaneous coronary intervention with XXXX for severely calcified unprotected left main: immediate and two-years follow-up results.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['branch loss']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['rotational atherectomy', 'RA']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['left main stenosis', 'stenosis', 'calcified ULM stenosis']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac death', 'cardiac deaths']

answer: @entity717 :: (MESH:D009069,Disease) :: ['rotational atherectomy']


abstract: @entity164 ( @entity164 ) @entity19 @entity1778 L1210 cells express steady-state levels of the mRNA and protein for @entity899 . However, the @entity899 expressed by the wild-type cells is a mutant form of @entity899 . A @entity38254 -resistant L1210 cell line (Y8) derived from the parental @entity164 L1210 cells does not maintain constitutive levels of @entity899 mRNA or protein. Upon DNA damage, induced by @entity632 , neither the @entity164 nor the Y8 cells block in G0/G1; the cells block in G2/M. However, treatment of the Y8 cells with @entity632 results in a much greater fraction of cells becoming apoptotic compared to the @entity164 cells. @entity632 treatment resulted in the induction of @entity899 mRNA in the @entity164 cells, but not the Y8 cells. @entity5207 , c-myc and @entity1380 mRNAs were also induced by @entity632 in the @entity164 cells but not in the Y8 cells. The constitutive levels of @entity5207 and @entity38255 , unexpectedly seen in the @entity899 -deficient Y8 cells, decreased following @entity632 treatment. The comparison of the effects of DNA damage, as measured by mRNA levels, induced by X-irradiation or @entity632 were found to vary between the @entity164 and Y8 cells and for the particular mRNA studied. The effect of @entity632 or X-irradiation on the cell cycle could be overridden in the @entity164 cells by @entity5834 . Comparisons of DNA damage induced by @entity632 or X-irradiation show that although the Y8 cells are more sensitive to these damaging agents than the @entity164 cells, the effects on gene expressions are not identical.

title: Effect of @entity632 on wild-type and XXXX -resistant @entity19 @entity1778 L1210 cells.

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin', 'Doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity5834 :: ('MESH:D002110', 'Chemical') :: ['caffeine']

entities_list: @entity38254 :: ('MESH:D003839', 'Chemical') :: ['deoxyadenosine']

answer: @entity38254 :: (MESH:D003839,Chemical) :: ['deoxyadenosine']


abstract: The aim of this retrospective study was to describe the oncologic and functional results of treating @entity957 with transoral robotic surgery and neck dissection as monotherapy. A review was performed, including all @entity1 who underwent transoral robotic surgery and neck dissection as the only means of therapy for @entity189 from March 2007 to July 2009 at a single tertiary care academic medical center. We reviewed all cases with >= 24-month follow-up. Functional outcomes included @entity734 and oral feeding ability. Oncologic outcomes were stratified by @entity1082 ) status and @entity286 use and included local, regional, and distant disease control, as well as disease-specific and recurrence-free survival. Eighteen @entity1 met study criteria. Ten @entity1 (55.6%) were able to eat orally in the immediate postoperative period, and 8 (44.4%) required a temporary nasogastric tube for a mean duration of 13.6 days (range 3 to 24 days) before returning to an oral diet. No @entity1 required placement of a @entity5274 , and all @entity1 are tracheostomy-tube-free. Among the HPV-positive nonsmokers (12/18, 66.7%), Kaplan-Meier estimated 3-year local, regional, and distant control rates were 90.9%, 100%, and 100%, respectively. Kaplan-Meier estimated disease-specific survival and recurrence-free survival were 100% and 90.9%, respectively. No complications occurred.This study suggests that carefully selected @entity1 with @entity189 can be effectively treated with surgery alone with excellent functional and oncologic outcomes.

title: Transoral surgery alone for @entity1082 -associated XXXX .

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['oropharyngeal carcinoma', 'HPV-positive oropharyngeal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5274 :: ('MESH:D005184', 'Disease') :: ['gastrostomy tube']

entities_list: @entity1082 :: ('10566', 'Species') :: ['human papillomavirus (HPV']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['tracheostomy dependence']

answer: @entity957 :: (MESH:D002294,Disease) :: ['oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity935 transduces signals via five subtypes of G protein-coupled receptors. Among these subtypes, the D1 and D5 receptors belong to the D1-like group. Although @entity935 is known to mediate immune responses, its involvement in cutaneous immunity remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to determine the role of @entity935 and its D1-like receptors in cutaneous immune responses. METHODS: By using the D1-like receptor antagonist @entity10095 , we examined the role of D1-like receptors in @entity19 models of @entity630 -type contact hypersensitivity and @entity61 -type @entity483 in vivo, and in mast cells and @entity61 cell differentiation in vitro. RESULTS: Administration of @entity10095 did not affect @entity630 -type contact hypersensitivity but suppressed the immediate-type reaction (ITR) and the late phase reaction (LPR) in the @entity483 model. In addition, @entity10095 -treated @entity19 showed higher IFN-y and lower @entity58 mRNA levels in the ear skin of challenged @entity19 than did non-treated @entity19 as analyzed by real-time RT PCR. Consistently, the passive cutaneous anaphylaxis reaction was significantly reduced in @entity10095 -treated @entity19 . Moreover, @entity935 enhanced mast cell degranulation and @entity61 cell differentiation, and both activities were abrogated by @entity10095 . CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that the D1-like receptors mediate immediate and late phase skin reactions by promoting @entity61 induction and mast cell degranulation.

title: D1-like @entity935 receptors antagonist inhibits cutaneous immune reactions mediated by XXXX and mast cells.

entities_list: @entity483 :: ('MESH:D003876', 'Disease') :: ['atopic dermatitis']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine', 'Dopamine']

answer: @entity61 :: (15111(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['Th2']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Healthcare utilization, especially length of hospital stay and ICU admission, for acute exacerbation of @entity1030 (AECOPD) determine overall outcomes in terms of morbidity, mortality and cost burden. Predicting prolonged hospital stay ( @entity1162 ) and @entity1162 ( @entity1162 ) for AECOPD is useful for rational allocation of resources in healthcare centres. AIM: To characterize the pattern of healthcare utilization by @entity1030 @entity1 hospitalized for acute exacerbation, and to identify clinical and laboratory predictors of 'prolonged hospital stay' ( @entity1162 ) and ' @entity1162 '( @entity1162 ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study attempted through retrospective data analysis, to identify risk factors and evolve prediction models for increased healthcare utilization namely @entity1162 and @entity1162 for AECOPD. The data were extracted from 255 eligible admissions for AECOPD by 166 @entity1 from Aug 2012 to July 2013. Logistic regression analysis was used for identifying predictors and models were tested with area under receiver operating characteristic curve. RESULTS: Independent predictors of prolonged hospital stay (>=  6 days) were @entity1576 at baseline, low saturation at admission, high HbA1c level and positive isolates in sputum culture. Independent predictors of @entity1162 (for >=  48 hours) were past history of @entity1907 , @entity1576 at baseline, low saturation at admission, high leukocyte count and positive culture isolates in sputum. Prediction models evolved from variables available at admission showed AUC 0.805 (95% CI 0.729 - 0.881) and 0.825 (95% CI 0.75 - 0.90) for @entity1162 and ICU admissions respectively. CONCLUSION: Our prediction models derived from simple and easily available variables show good discriminative properties in predicting @entity1162 and @entity1162 for AECOPD. When prospectively validated, these models are useful for rational allocation of services especially in resource limited settings.

title: Predicting Healthcare Utilization by XXXX Admitted for @entity1030 Exacerbation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['chronic respiratory failure']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease', 'COPD']

entities_list: @entity1162 :: ('MESH:D008133', 'Disease') :: ['PHS', 'prolonged intensive care', 'PIC']

entities_list: @entity1907 :: ('MESH:D014397', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary tuberculosis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We evaluated the pattern of nodal @entity3 and its prognosis after radical lymphadenectomy in @entity418 . METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 70 @entity1 (52 @entity1 and 18 @entity1 ; mean age 63.6 years) with @entity418 who underwent extended gastrectomy (65 total gastrectomies and 5 proximal gastrectomies) and radical lymphadenectomy (D2 to D4) at Taichung Veterans General Hospital between 1989 and 1995. RESULTS: Twenty-four complications developed in 22 (31.4%) @entity1 , and seven (10.0%) hospital deaths occurred. An overall 5-year cumulative survival of 37.6% was obtained. Lymph node @entity3 were identified in 53 (75.7%) @entity1 . Nodal involvement was closely related to the depth of @entity5 invasion (p = 0.005). When the gastric wall invasion was limited to the subserosal layer (T1 and T2, n = 15), no @entity1 had N4 group nodal @entity3 . Once the serosal layer had been involved (beyond T3), N4 group nodal @entity3 was frequently seen (30.9%, 17 of 55 @entity1 ). A multivariable analysis revealed that the level of nodal involvement, the depth of @entity5 invasion, and the presence of complications were independent prognostic factors. Cumulative 5-year survivals of curability A (n = 12), B (n = 19), and C (n = 32) resections were 100%, 21.2%, and 27.5%, respectively (p = 0.0001). The long-term survival of the @entity1 after resection was also closely related to their pTNM stages (p = 0.0004). CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that gastrectomy accompanied by radical lymphadenectomy provides a reasonable long-term survival expectancy that is closely related to the stage of the disease and the curability of resection.

title: Clinical experience in radical lymphadenectomy for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity418 :: ('MESH:D004938', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma of the gastric cardia', 'adenocarcinomas of the gastric cardia']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'metastases']

answer: @entity418 :: (MESH:D004938,Disease) :: ['adenocarcinoma of the gastric cardia']


abstract: PURPOSE: To study the relation of hippocampal @entity1873 receptor binding to symptoms of @entity308 in @entity1 with @entity1315 . @entity308 is common in @entity1 with @entity302 , and reduced @entity1873 binding has been reported in @entity1 with primary @entity308 . METHODS: We studied 45 @entity1 with @entity1315 confirmed by ictal video-EEG recording. Mood was assessed with the Beck @entity308 Inventory (BDI). Positron emission tomographic measurement of @entity1873 receptors was performed with @entity37849 , a highly specific silent antagonist. 3D-T1-weighted MRI was used to correct for structural @entity194 . Receptor distribution volume (V) was corrected for plasma tracer free fraction (f1). RESULTS: There was a significant inverse relation between ipsilateral hippocampal v/f1 and the BDI. For contralateral hippocampus, there was a nonsignificant trend. @entity1 with BDI > 20 had significantly lower ipsilateral hippocampal V/f1 than @entity1 in the low and medium groups. There was no significant effect of the presence of mesial temporal @entity1463 , focus laterality, or gender on the BDI. CONCLUSIONS: Our study shows a relationship between hippocampal @entity1873 binding and @entity308 measured by the BDI in @entity1 with @entity302 . The findings parallel results in @entity1 with @entity4696 .

title: Reduced hippocampal XXXX PET receptor binding and @entity308 in @entity1315 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression', 'depressive disorders', 'depressive symptoms', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity1463 :: ('MESH:D012598', 'Disease') :: ['sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity1315 :: ('MESH:D004833', 'Disease') :: ['temporal lobe epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy']

answer: @entity1873 :: (3350,Gene) :: ['5HT1A']


abstract: Little is known about left ventricular (LV) reverse remodeling (LVRR) in long-term survivors with @entity1000 . We studied 59 @entity1 with @entity1000 who had a potential clinical and echocardiographic follow-up period of >12 years. LVRR was defined as LV end-diastolic dimension  <= 55 mm and fractional shortening >=  25% on the last echocardiogram. Of the 59 @entity1 , 38 died ( @entity712 in 20, @entity944 in 11, and other causes in 7), 2 underwent transplantation, and 19 survived. In the survivors, the LV size had significantly decreased and LV fractional shortening had significantly increased on the last echocardiogram. LVRR occurred in 37% of the survivors. The remaining 63% of the survivors still had @entity1002 , but the LV end-systolic dimension had decreased significantly. In @entity1 who died or underwent transplantation, the LV size significantly increased. No @entity1 who died or underwent transplantation had LVRR. In conclusion, >60% of the long-term (>12 years) survivors with @entity1000 still had LV @entity299 , but the LV end-systolic dimension had decreased significantly. In contrast, @entity1 who died or underwent transplantation had significant LV enlargement. These results suggest that LVRR, even if it is not marked, is associated with a favorable prognosis.

title: Left ventricular reverse remodeling in long-term (>12 years) survivors with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity944 :: ('MESH:D003645', 'Disease') :: ['sudden death']

entities_list: @entity1000 :: ('MESH:C536277', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['systolic dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['LV dysfunction']

answer: @entity1000 :: (MESH:C536277,Disease) :: ['idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study reports on a @entity1 who developed degeneration of an injured spinothalamic tract (STT) detected on diffusion tensor tractography (DTT) following mild @entity131 ( @entity131 ). CASE DESCRIPTION: A 56-year-old female had suffered from @entity542 resulting from a pedestrian car accident. The @entity1 did not experience @entity909 or post-traumatic @entity2730 and the @entity1 's Glasgow Coma Scale score was 15. She had begun to feel @entity158 in her left hand and foot at ~ 7 days after onset. The characteristics and severity of @entity158 were as follows: constant tingling and pricking sensation without @entity1931 or @entity1931 (Visual Analogue Scale score: 3~4). No specific focal lesion was observed on brain and spine MRI and an electromyography study showed no evidence of @entity1897 or @entity614 . At 6 months after onset, the @entity158 in the left hand and foot became aggravated, with a Visual Analogue Scale score of 6. RESULTS: On 1-month DTT, partial tearing was observed in both STTs. In contrast, both partially torn STTs had become @entity194 on 9-month DTT. CONCLUSIONS: This study recommends further studies conducted on the prognosis (regeneration or degeneration) of injured STTs and on the effect of change of an injured STT on @entity158 .

title: Degeneration of an injured spinothalamic tract in a @entity1 with mild XXXX .

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['TBI', 'traumatic brain injury']

entities_list: @entity1931 :: ('MESH:D006930', 'Disease') :: ['allodynia', 'hyperalgesia']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['head trauma']

entities_list: @entity909 :: ('MESH:D014474', 'Disease') :: ['loss of consciousness']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral nerve injury']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['central pain', 'pain']

entities_list: @entity614 :: ('MESH:D011843', 'Disease') :: ['radiculopathy']

answer: @entity131 :: (MESH:D001930,Disease) :: ['traumatic brain injury']


abstract: PURPOSE: We conducted a phase II study to evaluate the utility and outcomes of concurrent weekly low-dose chemotherapy with concurrent radiation in an effort to "downstage" @entity1 with locally advanced @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ). @entity1 AND METHODS: Eighteen @entity1 with pathologically confirmed stage IIIA (T1-3 N2 or T3 N1) and 3 @entity1 with stage IIB (T3 N0) @entity1149 were enrolled. Seventeen of 18 @entity1 with stage IIIA @entity5 had @entity66 . A chemotherapy/radiation schedule consisted of @entity1311 50 mg/m(2 )and @entity3003 administered at an area under the curve of 2 weekly for 5 weeks along with chest irradiation of 45 Gy. @entity1 with regressed or stable disease upon restaging were considered surgical candidates. @entity1 deemed inoperable were given additional radiation therapy. RESULTS: Twenty-one @entity1 were enrolled from April 2000 to March 2004. Data from 21 @entity1 were available for evaluation at the time of analysis. Grade 3/4 constitutional and @entity358 was <or= 10%. Grade 3/4 @entity2905 was noted in 9.5% of @entity1 . One treatment-related @entity204 from postoperative acute @entity649 occurred. Seventeen of 21 @entity1 completed neoadjuvant therapy and 15 @entity1 underwent resection. Four of 15 @entity1 had a complete histopathologic response at the time of resection. Follow-up data were available on 20 @entity1 . Overall, the median progression-free survival was 14.1 months. The median overall survival was 26.1 months. Six of 20 @entity1 remain relapse free (range, 19.3-70.8 months). CONCLUSION: Neoadjuvant low-dose weekly chemotherapy given concurrently with conventional chest irradiation might improve outcomes in @entity1 with stage IIB and IIIA @entity1149 with acceptable @entity137 .

title: Phase II trial of concurrent @entity1311 , @entity3003 , and external-beam radiation followed by surgical resection in locally advanced XXXX , protocol 99-444.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['N2 disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['carboplatin']

entities_list: @entity2905 :: ('MESH:D008231', 'Disease') :: ['lymphopenia']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small-cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity649 :: ('MESH:D012128', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory distress syndrome']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary toxicity']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small-cell lung cancer']


abstract: We used @entity3927 (M) to evaluate the role of @entity1420 in maintaining pseudopregnancy. Cycling @entity35 were made pseudopregnant (psp) by cervico-vaginal stimulation (CVS) on the day of estrus (day 0) and received 10 mg/kg M or vehicle (control groups) on day 3. Blood samples were taken at 06.00 h on days 4, 6 or 7 or at 18.00 h on days 3, 4, 6 or 10. M induced proestrus 2 days later (day 5), estrus on day 6, and a second prolonged diestrus afterwards. Prolactin and @entity1420 levels were similar in the control and M treated groups excepting on day 6, when both were reduced in the M-treated animals, and these @entity35 were in estrus, suggesting a temporary impairment of luteal function. To demonstrate activated corpora lutea the endometrium was scratched on the fourth day of the first or second diestrus in additional control and M-treated groups. The deciduomal response was seen in the control and M groups after scratching the endometrium on day 4 of the first or second diestrus, respectively, but M blocked the deciduomal response in the first diestrus. Ovulation was confirmed by finding that 66.7% of the M-treated @entity35 showed ova in the Fallopian tubes on the M-induced estrus and 4 out of 10 of the M @entity35 placed with males on the M-induced proestrus showed spermatozoa in the vaginal smears. Half of these became pregnant, delivering 2 pups each. The results show that M can induce ovulation in psp @entity35 , demonstrating that the anovulation observed after CVS is dependent on @entity1420 , yet luteal function persists after M in pseudopregnancy. @entity1420 may act either by suppressing LH secretion or by permitting prolactin secretion, or both. Moreover, @entity1420 is required to maintain endometrial responsiveness.

title: A single dose of @entity3927 induces ovulation in pseudopregnant XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3927 :: ('MESH:D015735', 'Chemical') :: ['mifepristone']

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['Progesterone', 'progesterone']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: PURPOSE: There is growing evidence that nasal airway remodeling occurs in @entity2023 ( @entity2023 ). Although angiogenesis is an important component of airway remodeling in @entity565 , its involvement in @entity2023 has been little studied. Furthermore, information regarding the role of potent angiogenic factors, such as @entity1611 ( @entity1611 ) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), in the nasal airway remodeling process is limited. This study was conducted to investigate the role of @entity1611 and PDGF in nasal airway remodeling, and to assess the preventive effects of anti-angiogenic drugs on this process in a @entity19 @entity2023 model. METHODS: @entity19 were systemically sensitized and subjected to inhalation of ovalbumin (OVA) twice a week for 3 months. Control @entity19 were challenged with @entity1391 buffered saline, while the treatment group received @entity17994 , a @entity1611 receptor inhibitor, and/or @entity37312 , a PDGF receptor inhibitor, via intraperitoneal injection 4 hours prior to each OVA inhalation. Staining using @entity1710 and @entity1711 , Masson's trichrome, and periodic acid-Schiff were separately performed to assess eosinophil infiltration, subepithelial @entity82 , and goblet cell hyperplasia, respectively, in the nasal airway. Immunohistochemical staining for @entity1235 ( @entity1235 ) and @entity5779 ( @entity5779 ) was also conducted. RESULTS: Repetitive intranasal inhalation of OVA resulted in significant increases in eosinophil infiltration, subepithelial @entity82 , goblet cell count, and @entity1235 / @entity5779 expression. Administration of @entity17994 or @entity37312 prevented these abnormal responses. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggest that a causal relationship may exist between angiogenic factors and nasal airway remodeling in @entity2023 . Inhibition of @entity1611 or PDGF receptors may, in turn, suppress the remodeling process through the regulation of @entity1235 / @entity5779 expression.

title: Role of angiogenic factors in airway remodeling in an @entity2023 XXXX model.

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity2023 :: ('MESH:D006255', 'Disease') :: ['AR', 'allergic rhinitis']

entities_list: @entity5779 :: ('21857(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1', 'TIMP-1']

entities_list: @entity1391 :: ('CHEBI:26020', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphate']

entities_list: @entity1710 :: ('MESH:D006416', 'Chemical') :: ['hematoxylin']

entities_list: @entity1611 :: ('22339(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor', 'VEGF']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['murine']


abstract: A 72-hour incubation of cultured cells with blood sera or plasma of @entity1 suffering from @entity301 ( @entity301 ) with angiographically assessed @entity453 caused a threefold to fourfold elevation of intracellular @entity165 . An elevated @entity165 level in the cells precultured with @entity1 ' sera was retained several days after the removal of the examined serum from culture. The accumulation of intracellular @entity165 was accompanied by enhanced synthesis of DNA, total protein, collagen, sulfated glycosaminoglycans, and hyaluronic acid. Enhanced DNA and total protein synthesis was retained for at least 9 days after the serum had been removed from culture. The obtained results suggest that the sera of @entity301 @entity1 possess an atherogenic potential that manifests itself at the arterial cell level in the stable stimulation of @entity731 cellular processes: proliferation, @entity37480 , and @entity82 . The examined sera of healthy donors were devoid of such an atherogenic potential. The low density lipoprotein (LDL) fraction (density, 1.030-1.050 g/cm3) obtained from an atherogenic serum had the same atherogenic potential as a whole serum. @entity731 alterations in cultured intimal cells caused by atherogenic LDL were retained for at least 3 days after the removal of the lipoprotein from culture. Preincubation of intimal cells with LDL obtained from healthy donors had no effect on the intracellular @entity165 level or the synthesis of DNA and extracellular matrix. One may assume that the atherogenic potential of @entity301 @entity1 ' sera is related to the presence of LDLs that are qualitatively different from the LDL of healthy subjects.

title: Triggerlike stimulation of XXXX accumulation and DNA and extracellular matrix synthesis induced by atherogenic serum or low density lipoprotein in cultured cells.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerotic', 'Atherosclerotic']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['CHD', 'coronary heart disease']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity165 :: (MESH:D002784,Chemical) :: ['cholesterol']


abstract: @entity165 side-chain cleavage (CSCC) catalyzed by purified @entity291 adrenal mitochondrial @entity21767 is highly dependent on the vesicles that supply @entity165 . Six-fold higher rates are achieved with large unilamellar @entity14146 vesicles (diameter 150 nm) prepared by @entity6072 (OG) dialysis ( @entity14146 -LUV) than with small sonicated vesicles (diameter 30 nm) ( @entity14146 -SUV) (Vmax = 25 and 4 min-1, respectively. Extensive dialysis that may remove OG decreased Vmax rates for @entity14146 -LUV almost to rates seen with @entity14146 -SUV. These dialyzed @entity14146 -LUV were, however, very sensitive to addition of OG (EC50 = 2.5 microM, 4.3-fold stimulation) while @entity14146 -SUV were only weakly affected (EC50 = 100 microM, 1.6-fold stimulation). This enhancement of CSCC in LUV by OG only occurred when the @entity165 : @entity14146 exceeded 0.1 and was associated with a 15-fold increase in the Km for @entity165 . Structural changes in both SUV and LUV at high @entity165 : @entity14146 ratios (0.1-1) were indicated by decreases in internal volume that were insensitive to OG and did not affect the external diameters. @entity3106 produced a similar stimulation of CSCC in LUV (EC50 = 50 microM) and had no effect on SUV. The Vmax for CSCC, produced by OG activation of @entity14146 -LUV, is comparable to the highest attained for @entity21767 ( @entity9266 / @entity165 ). In LUV, a minor proportion of OG (1-5% of @entity165 ) is thus sufficient to generate a domain of reactive @entity165 that maintains a near-optimum turnover. This increased CSCC was paralleled by increased binding of @entity165 to @entity21767 , suggesting that this @entity165 is more readily donated by the membrane to the cytochrome.

title: @entity165 metabolism by purified XXXX is highly stimulated by @entity6072 and @entity3106 exclusively in large unilamellar phospholipid vesicles.

entities_list: @entity3106 :: ('MESH:C031183', 'Chemical') :: ['Stearic acid']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['Cholesterol', 'cholesterol']

entities_list: @entity6072 :: ('MESH:C018619', 'Chemical') :: ['octyl glucoside']

entities_list: @entity14146 :: ('MESH:C017251', 'Chemical') :: ['dioleoylphosphatidylcholine', 'DOPC']

answer: @entity21767 :: (338048(Tax:9913),Gene) :: ['cytochrome P-450scc']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the short-term visual acuity and anatomic responses after intravitreal bevacizumab (Avastin, Genentech) treatment in @entity1 with @entity2479 ( @entity2479 ). METHODS: The authors conducted a retrospective review of consecutive @entity1 with newly diagnosed or recurrent @entity2479 treated with intravitreal bevacizumab (1.25 mg) during a 3-month period. Complete ocular examination was performed at baseline and follow-up visits. Interval data were analyzed statistically at 1 and 3 months follow-up. RESULTS: Twenty-three eyes of 23 @entity1 underwent intravitreal bevacizumab treatment. The mean age of @entity1 was 81.1 years, median baseline visual acuity of treated eyes was 20/80 (range 20/25-20/800), and mean baseline central macular thickness was 335 mum (optical coherence tomography was available for 22 eyes). Nine eyes had retinal pigment epithelial detachments (PEDs) at baseline. At 1-month follow-up, the median acuity improved to 20/60 (range 20/30-20/400) (P < 0.001), mean central macular thickness decreased to 202 microm (P < 0.001), and PED was present in only 2 eyes (P = 0.016). Seven of 23 eyes at 1 month (30.4%) had improved visual acuity, defined as halving of the visual angle, and no eyes had worse acuity, defined as doubling of the visual angle. Of the 17 eyes available for 3-month follow-up, 5 eyes (29.4%) had better visual acuity, 1 eye (5.9%) had worse acuity, and the remaining 11 (64.7%) had the same acuity. The median visual acuity at month 3 was 20/60 (range 20/25-20/400). There were no @entity1031 phenomena, @entity3225 cases, @entity1713 , or any other adverse events. CONCLUSION: Treatment of @entity2479 with intravitreal bevacizumab during this retrospective review resulted in a significant decrease in macular thickness and improvement or stabilization of visual acuity. Further long-term investigation is warranted given the promising short-term results.

title: Intravitreal bevacizumab (Avastin) for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2479 :: ('MESH:D012173', 'Disease') :: ['retinal angiomatous proliferation', 'RAP']

entities_list: @entity1713 :: ('MESH:D012163', 'Disease') :: ['retinal detachments']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['thromboembolic']

entities_list: @entity3225 :: ('MESH:D009877', 'Disease') :: ['endophthalmitis']

answer: @entity2479 :: (MESH:D012173,Disease) :: ['retinal angiomatous proliferation']


abstract: A rare case of aplasia of mandibular condyle associated with some other orthopaedic problems is presented. A 5-year-old @entity1 attended our clinic with a chief complaint of facial asymmetry and chewing difficulty. The mandible was deviated to the left. The occlusion also showed a deflection to the left of the mandibular midline. He also had walking difficulty owing to a @entity572 . Panoramic radiographic examination of the @entity1 revealed that the left mandibular condyl was totally absent. The right condyle was unremarkable. His history revealed neither @entity130 nor any significant disease. @entity3894 is a rare @entity154 and means the insufficient development of the mandibular condyle. True agnesis of the mandibular condyle is extremely rare. Association of the manifestations of the @entity1 with some orthopaedic problems makes this case interesting.

title: XXXX of the mandibular condyle associated with some orthopaedic abnormalities.

entities_list: @entity572 :: ('MESH:D006617', 'Disease') :: ['hip abnormality']

answer: @entity3894 :: (MESH:C563261,Disease) :: ['Aplasia']


abstract: A 72-year-old male presented with a 7.4-cm @entity1028 with bilateral common and internal iliac involvement. To maintain pelvic perfusion, preservation of the @entity1 's @entity2500 (HA) was pursued. Two weeks after right HA embolization, endovascular repair of the @entity1 's @entity439 was performed using a branched endograft approach. A 22-mm main body bifurcated endograft was unsheathed and the proximal covered stent was removed. The contralateral gate was preloaded with a wire and catheter. The device was resheathed and placed in the left common iliac artery. The preloaded wire in the contralateral gate was snared from the right side, establishing through-and-through femoral access. A contralateral femoral sheath was advanced up and over the aortic bifurcation from the right side into the contralateral gate of the bifurcated endograft. The repair was bridged to the left HA using a balloon-expandable stent-graft, followed by @entity1028 repair. Completion angiography demonstrated exclusion of @entity1 's @entity439 , without evidence of endoleak, and maintenance of pelvic blood flow through the left HA. The @entity1 recovered without complication and was discharged home on postoperative day 4. This technique illustrates the technical feasibility of using a preloaded commercially available endograft to preserve HA blood flow and maintain pelvic perfusion during endovascular @entity449 repair.

title: Preservation of hypogastric artery blood flow during @entity439 repair of an XXXX with bilateral common and internal iliac artery involvement: utilization of off-the-shelf stent-graft components.

entities_list: @entity449 :: ('MESH:D001014', 'Disease') :: ['aortic aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity2500 :: ('MESH:D020244', 'Disease') :: ['left hypogastric artery']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms']

entities_list: @entity1028 :: ('MESH:D017544', 'Disease') :: ['standard endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm', 'abdominal aortic aneurysm']

answer: @entity1028 :: (MESH:D017544,Disease) :: ['abdominal aortic aneurysm']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Chemotherapy medication errors occur in all @entity5 treatment programs. Such errors have potential severe consequences: either enhanced @entity137 or @entity66 control. Understanding and limiting chemotherapy errors are imperative. PROCEDURE: A multi-disciplinary team developed and implemented a prospective pharmacy surveillance system of chemotherapy prescribing and administration errors from 2008 to 2011 at a @entity1 's Oncology Group-affiliated, pediatric @entity5 treatment program. Every chemotherapy order was prospectively reviewed for errors at the time of order submission. All chemotherapy errors were graded using standard error severity codes. Error rates were calculated by number of @entity1 encounters and chemotherapy doses dispensed. Process improvement was utilized to develop techniques to minimize errors with a goal of zero errors reaching the @entity1 . RESULTS: Over the duration of the study, more than 20,000 chemotherapy orders were reviewed. Error rates were low (6/1,000 @entity1 encounters and 3.9/1,000 medications dispensed) at the start of the project and reduced by 50% to 3/1,000 @entity1 encounters and 1.8/1,000 medications dispensed during the initiative. Error types included chemotherapy dosing or prescribing errors (42% of errors), treatment roadmap errors (26%), supportive care errors (15%), timing errors (12%), and pharmacy dispensing errors (4%). Ninety-two percent of errors were intercepted before reaching the @entity1 . No error caused identified @entity1 harm. Efforts to lower rates were successful but have not succeeded in preventing all errors. CONCLUSIONS: Chemotherapy medication errors are possibly unavoidable, but can be minimized by thoughtful, multispecialty review of current policies and procedures. Pediatr @entity5 2013;601320-1324.    2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Chemotherapy medication errors in a pediatric XXXX treatment center: prospective characterization of error types and frequency and development of a quality improvement initiative to lower the error rate.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Blood Cancer', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Children', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['impaired disease']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: Although several biomarkers have been tested, Dukes' (or TNM) stage at diagnosis is still considered the only prognostic factor of clinical relevance in @entity14 . Among the various biomarkers, the fraction of cells engaged in DNA synthesis has been extensively investigated as an indicator of @entity146 . @entity1603 ( @entity1603 ) is a non-radioactive @entity1014 analogue which is incorporated into DNA during the S-phase of cycling cells. In order to evaluate the relationships between cell kinetics and morphologic variables, 500 mg of BUdR were given i.v. to 46 @entity1 with @entity14 prior to surgery. After operation, a large @entity5 sample was taken and processed for immunohistochemical detection of BUdR-labeled cells in various regions of the @entity5 and in normal colorectal mucosa. Smaller superficial @entity5 specimens were also incubated with @entity665 (3H-TdR) for the autoradiographic identification of labeled cells. In the 43 evaluable @entity5 , the overall BUdR labeling index (BLI, percent of labeled cells) was significantly higher in @entity189 (20.30 +/- 0.86%, SEM) than in normal colonic mucosa (6.51 +/- 0.49%). BLIs in central and peripheral regions of @entity189 were closely correlated (r = 0.48, p = 0.003). In 21 @entity5 a high correlation between overall BUdR and 3H-TdR labeling index in the same @entity5 was observed (r = 0.57, p = 0.007). No evident association between overall BLI and clinical or morphologic parameters of the @entity5 was seen, including number of capillaries and ras-p21 protein expression. We conclude that BUdR immunostaining after in vivo administration of BUdR is a simple method for studying cell kinetics in various regions of @entity14 . BUdR labeling data are comparable to those obtained with in vitro incorporation of 3H-TdR.

title: Cell kinetics evaluation of @entity14 after in vivo administration of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1603 :: ('MESH:D001973', 'Chemical') :: ['BUdR', 'Bromodeoxyuridine']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['tumor aggressiveness']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors', 'neoplasms', 'neoplasm']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity665 :: ('CHEBI:53526', 'Chemical') :: ['3H-thymidine']

entities_list: @entity1014 :: ('MESH:D013936', 'Chemical') :: ['thymidine']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity1603 :: (MESH:D001973,Chemical) :: ['bromodeoxyuridine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2491 is often associated with @entity344 outbreaks in @entity1 throughout the world due to the consumption of contaminated food. Our previous studies have shown that deletion of @entity413 -inhibited division gene (gidA) significantly attenuated @entity2491 (STM) virulence in both in vitro and in vivo models of @entity281 . Most importantly, immunization with the gidA mutant protected @entity19 from a lethal dose challenge of wild-type STM. In this study, we further characterize the gidA mutant STM strain for potential use in a live-attenuated vaccine. RESULTS: The protective efficacy of immunization with the gidA mutant was evaluated by challenging immunized @entity19 with a lethal dose of wild-type STM. Sera levels of @entity9749 and @entity6527 , passive transfer of sera and cells, and cytokine profiling were performed to study the induction of humoral and cellular immune responses induced by immunization with the gidA mutant strain. Additionally, a lymphocyte proliferation assay was performed to gauge the splenocyte survival in response to treatment with STM cell lysate. @entity19 immunized with the gidA mutant strain were fully protected from a lethal dose challenge of wild-type STM. Na  ve @entity19 receiving either cells or sera from immunized @entity19 were partially protected from a lethal dose challenge of wild-type STM. The lymphocyte proliferation assay displayed a significant response of splenocytes from immunized @entity19 when compared to splenocytes from non-immunized control @entity19 . Furthermore, the immunized @entity19 displayed significantly higher levels of @entity6527 and @entity9749 with a marked increase in @entity6527 . Additionally, immunization with the gidA mutant strain evoked higher levels of @entity2047 , IFN-y, and @entity1618 cytokines in splenocytes induced with STM cell lysate. CONCLUSIONS: Together, the results demonstrate that immunization with the gidA mutant strain protects @entity19 by inducing humoral and cellular immune responses with the humoral immune response potentially being the main mechanism of protection.

title: Immunological characterization of a gidA mutant strain of XXXX for potential use in a live-attenuated vaccine.

entities_list: @entity2491 :: ('90371', 'Species') :: ['Salmonella', 'Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal disease']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity2491 :: (90371,Species) :: ['Salmonella']


abstract: CONTEXT: Selective @entity750 reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are often described as having a delayed onset of effect in the treatment of @entity308 . However, some trials have reported clinical improvement as early as the first week of treatment. OBJECTIVE: To test the alternative hypotheses of delayed vs early onset of antidepressant action with SSRIs in @entity1 with @entity308 . DATA SOURCES: Trials identified by searching CENTRAL, The Cochrane Collaboration database of controlled trials (2005), and the reference lists of identified trials and other systematic reviews. STUDY SELECTION: Randomized controlled trials of SSRIs vs placebo for the treatment of @entity308 in adults that reported outcomes for at least 2 time points in the first 4 weeks of treatment (50 trials from >500 citations identified). Trials were excluded if limited to @entity1 older than 65 years or specific comorbidities. DATA EXTRACTION: Data were extracted on trial design, @entity1 characteristics, and outcomes by a single reviewer. DATA SYNTHESIS: Pooled estimates of treatment effect on depressive symptom rating scales were calculated for weeks 1 through 6 of treatment. In the primary analysis, the pattern of response seen was tested against alternative models of onset of response. The primary analysis incorporated data from 28 randomized controlled trials (n=5872). A model of early treatment response best fit the experimental data. Treatment with SSRIs rather than placebo was associated with clinical improvement by the end of the first week of use. A secondary analysis indicated an increased chance of achieving a 50% reduction in Hamilton Depression Rating Scale scores by 1 week (relative risk, 1.64; 95% confidence interval, 1.2-2.25) with SSRI treatment compared with placebo. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment with SSRIs is associated with symptomatic improvement in @entity308 by the end of the first week of use, and the improvement continues at a decreasing rate for at least 6 weeks.

title: Early onset of selective XXXX reuptake inhibitor antidepressant action: systematic review and meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'participant']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression', 'unipolar depression']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['serotonin']

answer: @entity750 :: (MESH:D012701,Chemical) :: ['serotonin']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The volumetric assessments of @entity2950 were applied for radiologic observation of @entity5 growth. The hypothesis that most of @entity2950 are stable or show only slight growth was tested. STUDY DESIGN: This was an observational study. SETTING: The study was performed in the university centers. @entity1 : The study group included 27 @entity1 with 15 unilateral @entity5 and 12 @entity5 . All @entity1 had at least 2 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations, and the average interval between initial and control examinations was 11.4 months. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Volume measurements were performed on T1- weighted MRI spin echo sequences after injection of @entity2287 using special software. Growth of the @entity5 was estimated by comparison of the results of three measurements from the initial and control MRI examinations. RESULTS: The growth was confirmed in 17 of 27 @entity5 (63%). Growth was found in 10 of 12 @entity2950 of @entity8605 (83.7%). In 15 @entity5513 , growth was found in 7 (43%). @entity5513 were observed for a shorter period of time (6.3 months) than @entity5 (14.7 months). The correlation between a @entity1017 and the follow-up period was statistically significant (p = 0.003, r = 0.544). CONCLUSIONS: The growth of @entity5 can be confirmed despite a short follow-up period.

title: The growth of XXXX in volumetric radiologic assessment.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity5513 :: ('MESH:D009464', 'Disease') :: ['unilateral neuromas', 'Unilateral neuromas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'bilateral tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['neuroma volume gain']

entities_list: @entity8605 :: ('MESH:D016518', 'Disease') :: ['neurofibromatosis type 2']

entities_list: @entity2950 :: ('MESH:D009463', 'Disease') :: ['neuroma', 'neuromas']

entities_list: @entity2287 :: ('MESH:D005682', 'Chemical') :: ['gadolinium']

answer: @entity5513 :: (MESH:D009464,Disease) :: ['acoustic neuromas']


abstract: PURPOSE: Standard therapy for unresectable stage III non-small-cell lung cancer includes concomitant chemoradiotherapy. In @entity5 and @entity1778 Group B 39801, we evaluated whether induction chemotherapy before concurrent chemoradiotherapy would result in improved survival. @entity1 AND METHODS: Between July 1998 and May 2002, 366 @entity1 were randomly assigned to arm A, which involved immediate concurrent chemoradiotherapy with @entity3003 area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) of 2 and @entity1311 50 mg/m2 given weekly during 66 Gy of chest radiotherapy, or arm B, which involved two cycles of @entity3003 AUC 6 and @entity1311 200 mg/m2 administered every 21 days followed by identical chemoradiotherapy. The accrual goal was 360 @entity1 . RESULTS: Thirty-four percent of @entity1 were female, 66% were male, and the median age was 63 years. Grade 3 or 4 @entity137 during induction chemotherapy on arm B consisted mainly of @entity1398 (18% and 20%, respectively). During concurrent chemoradiotherapy, there was no difference in severity of in-field @entity137 of @entity2910 (grade 3 and 4 were, respectively, 30% and 2% for arm A v 28% and 8% for arm B) and @entity1353 (grade 3 and 4 were, respectively, 11% and 3% for arm A v 15% and 4% for arm B). Survival differences were not statistically significant (P = .3), with a median survival on arm A of 12 months (95% CI, 10 to 16 months) versus 14 months (95% CI, 11 to 16 months) on arm B and a 2-year survival of 29% (95% CI, 22% to 35%) and 31% (95% CI, 25% to 38%). Age, weight loss before therapy, and performance status were statistically significant predictive factors. CONCLUSION: The addition of induction chemotherapy to concurrent chemoradiotherapy added @entity137 and provided no survival benefit over concurrent chemoradiotherapy alone. The median survival achieved in each of the treatment groups is low, and the routine use of weekly @entity3003 and @entity1311 with simultaneous radiotherapy should be re-examined.

title: Induction chemotherapy followed by chemoradiotherapy compared with chemoradiotherapy alone for regionally advanced unresectable XXXX : @entity5 and @entity1778 Group B.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cancer']

entities_list: @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['carboplatin']

entities_list: @entity2910 :: ('MESH:D004941', 'Disease') :: ['esophagitis']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['stage III Non-small-cell lung cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: In this retrospective study, we report on outcomes and prognostic factors for @entity1 treated with stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for @entity0 . METHODS AND MATERIALS: We identified 132 consecutive @entity1 with @entity0 who were treated with SRS for brain metastases from January 2000 through June 2010. We retrospectively reviewed records of the 51 @entity1 with adequate follow-up data who received SRS as part of the initial management of their brain metastases. @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) and time to central nervous system (CNS) progression from the date of SRS were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Prognostic factors were evaluated using the Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS: Triple negative subtype was associated with CNS progression on univariate analysis (hazard ratio [HR] = 5.0, p = 0.008). On multivariate analysis, triple negative subtype (HR = 8.6, p = 0.001), Luminal B subtype (HR = 4.3, p = 0.03), and omission of whole-brain radiation therapy (HR = 3.7, p = 0.02) were associated with CNS progression. With respect to @entity1349 , Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS)  <= 80% (HR = 2.0, p = 0.04) and progressive @entity85 (HR = 3.1, p = 0.002) were significant on univariate analysis; KPS  <= 80% (HR = 4.1, p = 0.0004), progressive @entity85 (HR = 6.4, p < 0.0001), and triple negative subtype (HR = 2.9, p = 0.04) were significant on multivariate analysis. Although median survival times were consistent with those predicted by the @entity0 -specific Graded Prognostic Assessment (Breast-GPA) score, the addition of @entity85 status further separated @entity1 outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: @entity5 subtype is associated with risk of CNS progression after SRS for @entity0 . In addition to @entity5 subtype and KPS, which are incorporated into the Breast-GPA, progressive @entity85 may be an important prognostic factor for @entity1349 .

title: Importance of @entity85 status and @entity5 subtype for XXXX undergoing radiosurgery for @entity0 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer brain metastases', 'breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['extracranial disease']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'Overall survival']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Recent studies report that depletion and repletion of muscle @entity2226 ( @entity5624 ) to endogenous levels affects skeletal muscle contractility in vitro. In this study, muscle @entity5624 content was raised above endogenous levels by supplementing male @entity35 with 2.5% (wt/vol) @entity5624 in drinking water for 2 wk, after which extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles were examined for in vitro contractile properties, fatigue resistance, and recovery from fatigue after two different high-frequency stimulation bouts. @entity5624 supplementation increased muscle @entity5624 content by approximately 40% and isometric twitch force by 19%, shifted the force-frequency relationship upward and to the left, increased specific force by 4.2%, and increased muscle calsequestrin protein content by 49%. Force at the end of a 10-s (100 Hz) continuous tetanic stimulation was 6% greater than controls, while force at the end of the 3-min intermittent high-frequency stimulation bout was significantly higher than controls, with a 12% greater area under the force curve. For 1 h after the 10-s continuous stimulation, tetanic force in @entity5624 -supplemented muscles remained relatively stable while control muscle force gradually deteriorated. After the 3-min intermittent bout, tetanic force continued to slowly recover over the next 1 h, while control muscle force again began to decline. @entity5624 supplementation attenuated F(2)- @entity10329 production (a sensitive indicator of reactive @entity26 species-induced lipid peroxidation) during the 3-min intermittent stimulation bout. Finally, @entity5624 transporter protein expression was not altered by the @entity5624 supplementation. Our results demonstrate that raising @entity5624 content above endogenous levels increases twitch and subtetanic and specific force in @entity35 fast-twitch skeletal muscle. Also, we demonstrate that raising @entity5624 protects muscle function during high-frequency in vitro stimulation and the ensuing recovery period and helps reduce oxidative stress during prolonged stimulation.

title: XXXX supplementation increases skeletal muscle force production and protects muscle function during and after high-frequency in vitro stimulation.

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity10329 :: ('MESH:D028421', 'Chemical') :: ['isoprostane']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['rat', 'Sprague-Dawley rats']

answer: @entity2226 :: (MESH:D013654,Chemical) :: ['Taurine']


abstract: One of the key synchronizers of @entity1 circadian rhythm is the hormone @entity2493 (MT) produced by the pineal gland. MT is characterized by a wide spectrum of biological activity including its immunopotentiating effect. At the same time, the results of studies dedicated to the effects and mechanisms of @entity2493 immunoactivity seem to be contradictory. Studies conducted by the authors of this article show that diurnal variations in MT content in blood and saliva of healthy @entity1 demonstrate significant individual fluctuations connected with the seasonal factor. The character of MT relations with the immune system varies depending on the phase of the circadian cycle. @entity1 with @entity558 (bronchial asthma--BA) demonstrate a reduced number of correlations between MT level and immunological parameters. After treatment, the positive dynamics of immunological and clinical parameters in BA @entity1 is associated with an increased number of correlations between the immunological status parameters and MT level in blood, which may indicate an increase in its immunoregulatory role. Administration of @entity2493 and @entity3659 , the inductor of its synthesis, in animals kept under continuous light helped to recover normal circadian rhythmicity in the cell content of lymphoid organs. Solving problems associated with the immunomodulating and synchronizing role of MT could give researchers an insight into the details of neuroendocrine and immune interrelations and help to develop new methods for the prevention and correction of immune status disturbances in diseases and desynchronoses (stresses, jet lags, shift and night work, etc.).

title: [The problems of the central regulation of immune system biorhythms: the role of exogenous and endogenous XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian', 'Patients', 'humans', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity558 :: ('MESH:C536528', 'Disease') :: ['immunopathological condition']

entities_list: @entity3659 :: ('MESH:D000639', 'Chemical') :: ['amitriptyline']

entities_list: @entity2493 :: ('MESH:D008550', 'Chemical') :: ['melatonin']

answer: @entity2493 :: (MESH:D008550,Chemical) :: ['melatonin']


abstract: CONTEXT: The "window of opportunity hypothesis" refers to data indicating that conjugated @entity1641 @entity172 alone or in combination with @entity11796 , if initiated before 60 years of age, protects the heart but endangers it if initiated later ( @entity1 's Health Initiative study). Less is known about the "window of opportunity hypothesis" with natural @entity53 alone (ET) or with various @entity7828 in combination with @entity53 (EPT). OBJECTIVE: We related the @entity204 risk from @entity301 ( @entity301 ) in users of ET or EPT to the age at the initiation of therapy and to the @entity1871 component of EPT. Design, @entity1 , Interventions, and Main Outcome Measures: Altogether, 498  105 @entity1 had used ET or EPT containing @entity7839 , @entity5709 , @entity21909 , other @entity7828 , or @entity11347 during 3.7 million @entity1 -years during 1994-2009. @entity1 were followed from the therapy initiation to @entity204 , or to the end of year 2009. The risk of @entity301 @entity204 in hormone users was compared with that in the age-matched background population using standardized mortality ratio with 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS: Age younger than 60 rather than older than 60 years at the initiation of ET (standardized mortality ratio, 0.53; 95% confidence interval, 0.47-0.59 vs 0.76; 0.71-0.82), EPT with @entity5709 (0.45; 0.41-0.49 vs 0.74; 0.67-0.81), or @entity11347 (0.35; 0.26-0.47 vs 1.01; 0.67-1.46) therapy lasting for less than 5 years was associated with significantly greater decreases in the @entity301 @entity204 risk. A similar tendency was also seen for other EPT groups and for longer use. In all hormone users, the @entity301 @entity204 risk was smaller the earlier the use of ET or EPT had started (P < .05); this phenomenon was unrelated to the @entity1871 component of EPT. CONCLUSIONS: @entity53 -based hormone therapies are accompanied with larger @entity301 mortality risk reductions the earlier the therapies are initiated. The @entity1871 component of EPT does not modify this "timing effect."

title: @entity204 Risk in Relation to the Age at Initiation or the XXXX Component of Hormone Therapies.

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'Women', 'person']

entities_list: @entity11796 :: ('MESH:D017258', 'Chemical') :: ['medroxyprogesterone acetate']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['CHD', 'coronary heart disease']

entities_list: @entity7839 :: ('MESH:D008525', 'Chemical') :: ['medroxyprogesterone']

entities_list: @entity7828 :: ('MESH:D011372', 'Chemical') :: ['progestins']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['Estradiol', 'estradiol']

entities_list: @entity1871 :: ('CHEBI:59826', 'Chemical') :: ['progestin']

entities_list: @entity5709 :: ('MESH:C024262', 'Chemical') :: ['norethisterone acetate']

entities_list: @entity21909 :: ('MESH:D004394', 'Chemical') :: ['dydrogesterone']

answer: @entity1871 :: (CHEBI:59826,Chemical) :: ['Progestin']


abstract: This phase 1/2 study in @entity1 with newly diagnosed @entity1582 (N = 53) assessed CRd-- @entity33931 (20, 27, or 36 mg/m2, days 1, 2, 8, 9, 15, 16 and 1, 2, 15, 16 after cycle 8), @entity6985 (25 mg/d, days 1-21), and weekly @entity619 (40/20 mg cycles 1-4/5+)--in 28-day cycles. After cycle 4, transplantation-eligible candidates underwent stem cell collection (SCC) then continued CRd with the option of transplantation. The maximum planned dose level ( @entity33931 36 mg/m2) was expanded in phase 2 (n = 36). Thirty-five @entity1 underwent SCC, 7 proceeded to transplantation, and the remainder resumed CRd. Grade 3/4 @entity137 included @entity5886 (25%), @entity4854 (23%), @entity417 (21%), @entity882 (17%), and @entity1398 (17%); @entity1897 was limited to grade 1/2 (23%). Most @entity1 did not require dose modifications. After a median of 12 cycles (range, 1-25), 62% (N = 53) achieved at least near-complete response (CR) and 42% stringent CR. Responses were rapid and improved during treatment. In 36 @entity1 completing 8 or more cycles, 78% reached at least near CR and 61% stringent CR. With median follow-up of 13 months (range, 4-25 months), 24-month progression-free survival estimate was 92%. CRd was well tolerated with exceptional response rates. This study is registered at http://www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01029054.

title: A phase 1/2 study of @entity33931 in combination with @entity6985 and low-dose @entity619 as a frontline treatment for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity33931 :: ('MESH:C524865', 'Chemical') :: ['carfilzomib']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity5886 :: ('MESH:D017674', 'Disease') :: ['hypophosphatemia']

entities_list: @entity1582 :: ('MESH:D009101', 'Disease') :: ['multiple myeloma']

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['dexamethasone']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity6985 :: ('MESH:C467567', 'Chemical') :: ['lenalidomide']

entities_list: @entity4854 :: ('MESH:D006943', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemia']

answer: @entity1582 :: (MESH:D009101,Disease) :: ['multiple myeloma']


abstract: The protection of sunflower meal (SFM) proteins by treatments with solutions of @entity5910 (1 M) or @entity8718 (0.67 M) and heat was studied in a 3   3 Latin-square design using three diets and three rumen and duodenum cannulated wethers. Acid solutions were applied to SFM at a rate of 400 ml/kg under continuous mixing. Subsequently, treated meals were dried in an oven at 150  C for 6 h. Diets (ingested at 75 g/kg BW0.75) were isoproteic and included 40% Italian ryegrass hay and 60% concentrate. The ratio of untreated to treated SFM in the concentrate was 100 : 0 in the control diet and around 40 : 60 in diets including acid-treated meals. The use of acid-treated meals did not alter either ruminal fermentation or composition of rumen contents and led to moderate reductions of the rumen outflow rates of untreated SFM particles, whereas it did not affect their comminution and mixing rate. In situ effective estimates of by-pass (BP) and its intestinal effective digestibility (IED) of @entity62 ( @entity62 ), @entity2723 and @entity1522 ( @entity4556 ) were obtained considering both rates and correcting the particle microbial contamination in the rumen using 15N infusion techniques. Estimates of BP and IED decreased applying microbial correction, but these variations were low in agreement with the small contamination level. Protective treatments increased on average the BP of @entity62 (48.5%) and @entity2723 (267%), mainly decreasing both the soluble fraction and the degradation rate but also increasing the undegradable fraction, which was higher using @entity8718 . Protective treatments increased the IED of @entity62 (108%) and @entity2723 , but this increase was lower using @entity8718 (11.8%) than @entity5910 (20.7%). Concentrations of @entity5066 were similar among all meals, except for a reduction in @entity376 concentrations using @entity5910 (16.3%) or @entity8718 (20.5%). Protective treatments also increased on average the BP of all @entity5066 , as well as the IED of most of them. Evidence of higher increases for those @entity5066 showing a high resistance to degradation in the untreated meal were also observed. The total supply of metabolisable @entity5066 was increased by 3.87 times for sulphur-containing @entity5066 , whereas that of @entity376 was increased by 2.5 times, mainly because of @entity376 losses with heat treatments. These treatments and especially that with @entity5910 would be useful to increase the protein value of these meals but their combined use with @entity376 -rich protein concentrates would improve the metabolisable protein profile.

title: @entity5910 or XXXX -heat treatments for protecting sunflower (Helianthus annuus) meal proteins against ruminal degradation and increasing intestinal amino acid supply.

entities_list: @entity8718 :: ('MESH:C030242', 'Chemical') :: ['orthophosphoric acid']

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity5910 :: ('MESH:C030298', 'Chemical') :: ['malic acid']

entities_list: @entity376 :: ('CHEBI:25094', 'Chemical') :: ['lysine']

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['DM', 'dry matter']

answer: @entity8718 :: (MESH:C030242,Chemical) :: ['orthophosphoric acid']


abstract: IgA pemphigus is a rare variant of pemphigus. IgA pemphigus is subdivided into intraepidermal neutrophilic IgA dermatosis-type (IEN-type), whose target antigen is still an enigma, and @entity10970 dermatosis-type, whose target antigen is @entity35932 ( @entity35932 ). We report a 56-year-old Japanese male with IgA pemphigus showing atypical erythema. One month after erythema developed, the @entity1 visited his private physician, and was tentatively diagnosed as having @entity9374 . The @entity1 had been intermittently treated with a low dose of oral @entity617 for a year without benefit before visiting our hospital. Clinical examination revealed irregularly-shaped and partially @entity4 erythema over the trunk and extremities without @entity33 . Neither bullae nor pustules were seen during the course. Direct immunofluorescence showed IgA deposition on cell surfaces of keratinocytes in the upper two thirds of the epidermis. Indirect immunofluorescence of monkey esophagus sections revealed IgA and IgG anti-cell surface antibodies. Our new enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays using eukaryotic recombinant proteins of @entity1 Dsc 1-3 detected IgA antibodies to @entity35932 and @entity17920 . Although no apparent bullae were observed, the diagnosis of IgA pemphigus was made. @entity617 30  mg daily was required to control @entity75 . Although the pathomechanism for the unique @entity272 is unknown, the possibility that IgA pemphigus has a prodromal phase and that early administration of low dose @entity617 suppressed the development of pustules or bullae were considered.

title: IgA pemphigus with non-pustular XXXX and IgA antibodies to desmocollins 1 and 2.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity10970 :: ('MESH:D012872', 'Disease') :: ['subcorneal pustular']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['erythematous lesions']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['edematous']

entities_list: @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['mucosal involvement']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin lesion']

entities_list: @entity617 :: ('MESH:D011239', 'Chemical') :: ['Prednisolone', 'prednisolone']

entities_list: @entity9374 :: ('MESH:D004892', 'Disease') :: ['erythema multiforme']

answer: @entity75 :: (MESH:D001927,Disease) :: ['erythematous lesions']


abstract: AIMS: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of a portable semi-quantitative whole blood immunoassay measuring soluble @entity1 fatty acid-binding protein [ @entity23068 ] (CardioDetect) for the pre-hospital detection of @entity583 ( @entity583 ). METHODS AND RESULTS: We enrolled prospectively 108 consecutive @entity1 with @entity662 in whom the first medical care was delivered by a mobile intensive care unit (MICU). @entity6949 , @entity5632 , CK-MB and CardioDetect were first assessed in the MICU before hospital admission using point-of-care assays and then @entity6949 was serially measured during the hospital stay. @entity583 was defined as a positive @entity6949 in any sample over the first 24 h. The vast majority of the @entity1 (77/108) were admitted <3 h of symptoms onset. Pre-hospital @entity6949 sample was normal in 96 @entity1 (88.9%) of whom 43 had subsequent @entity6949 elevation. A positive @entity23068 using the CardioDetect assay had a significantly better sensitivity than @entity6949 , @entity5632 and CK-MB (87.3% vs 21.8%, 64.2% and 41.5%, respectively) to identify @entity583 . The significant better sensitivity of the CardioDetect assay was also observed among @entity1 who presented <3 h of symptom onset. The specificity of the CardioDetect assay was significantly better than that of @entity5632 , irrespective of the time delay from symptom onset to measurement. In @entity1 with normal pre-hospital @entity6949 and no ST-elevation (n=63), assessment based only on a positive @entity23068 had 83.3% sensitivity, 93.3% specificity for the diagnosis of an evolving @entity583 . CONCLUSION: Early assessment of @entity23068 in @entity1 presenting with @entity662 improves the diagnosis of ongoing @entity583 .

title: Pre-hospital detection of acute @entity583 with ultra-rapid XXXX fatty acid-binding protein ( @entity23068 ) immunoassay.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['acute ischemic type chest pain', 'chest pain']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'MI']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: @entity9925 ) is the causal agent of @entity3328 , a disease that involves the destruction of motor neurons associated with PV replication. In PV-infected @entity19 , motor neurons die through an apoptotic process. However, mechanisms by which PV induces cell death in neuronal cells remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate that @entity281 of neuronal @entity1 cells induces @entity4674 release from mitochondria and loss of mitochondrial transmembrane potential, both of which are evidence of mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization. @entity281 also activates @entity589 , a proapoptotic member of the Bcl-2 family; this activation involves its conformational change and its redistribution from the cytosol to mitochondria. Neutralization of @entity589 by vMIA protein expression prevents @entity4674 release, consistent with a contribution of PV-induced @entity589 activation to mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization. Interestingly, we also found that @entity4675 ( @entity4675 ) is activated soon after @entity281 and that the PV-cell receptor interaction alone is sufficient to induce @entity4675 activation. Moreover, the pharmacological inhibition of @entity4675 by @entity4287 inhibits @entity589 activation and @entity4674 release. This is, to our knowledge, the first demonstration of @entity4675 -mediated @entity589 -dependent apoptosis in PV-infected cells. Our findings contribute to our understanding of @entity3328 pathogenesis at the cellular level.

title: XXXX induces @entity589 -dependent cell death mediated by c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase.

entities_list: @entity3328 :: ('MESH:D011051', 'Disease') :: ['poliomyelitis', 'paralytic poliomyelitis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['PV infection']

entities_list: @entity4675 :: ('5599', 'Gene') :: ['c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase', 'JNK']

answer: @entity9925 :: (138950,Species) :: ['Poliovirus']


abstract: Despite many prospective randomized clinical studies a specific pharmacotherapy for severe acute @entity788 is not in sight. To date, the only possibility to influence the prognosis of this severe illness is early diagnosis and prevention of intra- and extrapancreatic @entity39 and its subsequent infection. In severe @entity788 the incidence of infected @entity39 amounts to 40-70% of all @entity1 within 3 weeks. Thereby, the clinical picture often varies to large extent. Ultrasonographically or computer tomography-guided fine-needle aspiration (FNAC) is a fast and reliable technique for diagnosis with an overall sensitivity of 88% and specificity of 90%. This method should however not be applied too early in the course of @entity788 . Since infection of pancreatic @entity39 determines significantly the prognosis of disease, various studies have assessed the efficacy of prophylactic antibiotic treatment in @entity1 . Three prospective randomized studies have shown that prophylaxis significantly minimizes septic complications, only in one study, however, the mortality rate could be improved. Although randomized studies are still mandatory to resolve the controversy, it seems justified to recommend prophylaxis with antibiotics which are capable of penetrating the pancreatic tissue and juice. Sterile @entity39 should be treated conservatively, with prophylactic antibiotic treatment for as long as possible. Only if @entity1 worsen despite intensive care medicine, surgical debridement should be considered. In contrast, in @entity1 with infected @entity39 immediate surgery is in most cases mandatory. Although in one prospective study conservative treatment did not lead to an enhanced mortality rate, possible delay of surgical treatment may endanger the @entity1 . In order to improve the prognosis of the disease, timely and adequate treatment in specialized units provides the best chances for a good prognosis whereby the severely ill @entity1 should not be treated according to a scheme but to his/her individual needs.

title: New approaches in surgical management of severe acute XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis', 'necrotizing pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatitis']


abstract: The protective role of breastfeeding against @entity461 , a @entity12354 endemic in Central Africa, was assessed through an analysis of stool samples from 400 @entity1 aged 1 week-24 months in Libreville. Stool samples were collected during both the rainy and dry seasons in 1985 and 1986. At the time of stool collection, 237 @entity1 were breastfed and 163 were bottle-fed (the mean weaning age among the 123 @entity1 in the latter group who had at 1 point been breastfed was 8.2 months). The percentage of @entity1 infected with cysts or trophozoites of Giardia was 1.2% in the exclusively breastfed group, 1.32% among @entity1 who were partially breastfed (at least 2 feedings/day) and 14.7% in the bottle-fed group. The same pattern persisted when the data were grouped by age. In the 0-5 month age group, @entity281 was found in 2.2% of the breastfed @entity1 compared with 9.1% of the bottle-fed @entity1 . In the 6-11 month age group, these percentages were 0 and 11.4%, respectively, while they were 2.2% and 17.6%, respectively, in the 12-23-month age group. There were no significant differences in the rate of @entity281 in the mothers of breastfed, partially breastfed, and bottle-fed @entity1 in this study. These findings confirm an in vivo protective effect of @entity1 milk in @entity281 . Of concern is the declining rate of breastfeeding in African cities, which can be expected to contribute to raising the rates of early symptomatic @entity7014 and consequently the risk of @entity3147 .

title: XXXX and breast-feeding in urban Africa.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['Giardia infection', 'giardiasis infection']

entities_list: @entity12354 :: ('MESH:D011528', 'Disease') :: ['protozoan parasite']

entities_list: @entity3147 :: ('MESH:D044342', 'Disease') :: ['malnutrition']

entities_list: @entity461 :: ('5741', 'Species') :: ['Giardia lamblia']

entities_list: @entity7014 :: ('MESH:D005873', 'Disease') :: ['giardiasis']

answer: @entity7014 :: (MESH:D005873,Disease) :: ['Giardiasis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1160 ( @entity7647 ) can decrease mortality and length of hospital stay in the critically ill. @entity7647 protects via enhancing protective @entity1457 proteins (HSPs) in @entity8291 ( @entity8291 ). @entity7647 's effect on HSPs in @entity66 and apoptosis remains to be elucidated. The purpose of this study was to determine if @entity7647 protects via decreasing apoptosis during both heat and oxidative stress. METHODS: IEC-18 cells were treated (15 minutes) with 0 mM @entity7647 (control cells [CTs]) or 8 mM @entity7647 and exposed to either @entity130 (44  C for 50 minutes or 4 mM @entity274 for 30 minutes) or nonlethal injury (43  C for 45 minutes or 600   M @entity274 for 30 minutes). Survival was determined via MTS assay. Injured groups were normalized to noninjured controls. HSPs and cleaved caspase-3 (CC3), a key mediator for apoptosis, were evaluated via Western blot following a 3-hour recovery. RESULTS: MTS assays showed @entity7647 increased survival 4- to 5-fold (P < .001 vs @entity8291 CT or @entity274 ). Western blot showed @entity7647 increased all 3 HSPs in @entity8291 (P < .001 vs @entity8291 CTs) but only @entity22456 during @entity66 (P < .02 vs @entity274 only). @entity7647 decreased CC3 in both @entity130 (P < .03 vs non- @entity7647 -treated cells). CONCLUSIONS: @entity7647 protects intestinal cells from both heat and @entity66 . @entity28915 , 32, and 70 levels increased with @entity7647 during @entity8291 , but in @entity66 , only @entity22456 increased, suggesting @entity7647 's mechanism of protection may vary in different models of injury. In both @entity130 , @entity7647 lowered the expression of CC3, indicating prevention of apoptosis may be a key mechanism by which @entity7647 protects.

title: XXXX prevents apoptosis in intestinal epithelial cells and induces differential protective pathways in heat and @entity66 models.

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['oxidant injury']

entities_list: @entity1160 :: ('CHEBI:28300', 'Chemical') :: ['Glutamine']

entities_list: @entity1457 :: ('MESH:D012769', 'Disease') :: ['heat shock']

entities_list: @entity8291 :: ('MESH:D018882', 'Disease') :: ['heat stress', 'HS']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['injuries', 'lethal injury']

answer: @entity1160 :: (CHEBI:28300,Chemical) :: ['Glutamine']


abstract: Analysis of the temporal development of @entity2624 biofilms in complex medium indicates the greatest differential gene expression between biofilm and suspension cells occurred in young biofilms at 4 and 7 h (versus 15 and 24 h). The main classes of genes differentially expressed (biofilm versus biofilm and biofilm versus suspension cells) include 42 related to stress response (e.g. cspABFGI), 66 related to quorum sensing (e.g. ydgG, gadABC, hdeABD), 20 related to motility (e.g. flgBCEFH, fliLMQR, motB), 13 related to fimbriae (e.g. sfmCHM, fimZ, csgC), 24 related to @entity599 and @entity2340 metabolism (e.g. trpLBA, tnaLA, cysDNCJH), 80 related to transport (e.g. gatABC, agaBC, ycjJ, ydfJ, phoU, phnCJKM), and six related to extracellular matrix (e.g. wcaBDEC). Of the 93 mutants identified and studied, 76 showed altered biofilm formation. Biofilm architecture changed from thin and dense to globular and dispersed to dense and smooth. The quorum-sensing signal AI-2 controls gene expression most clearly in mature biofilms (24 h) when intracellular AI-2 levels are highest. @entity597 transport and metabolism genes (cysAUWDN) and genes with unknown functions (ymgABCZ) were repressed in young (4, 7 h) biofilms, induced in developed biofilms (15 h), and repressed in mature (24 h) biofilms. Genes related to both motility and fimbriae were induced in biofilms at all sampling time points and colanic acid genes were induced in mature biofilms (24 h). Genes related to @entity12036 synthesis from @entity38944 and @entity11485 (e.g. gatZABCDR, agaBCY) were highly regulated in biofilms. Genes involved in the biosynthesis of @entity104 and @entity3287 (tnaLA) are repressed in biofilms after 7 h (corroborated by decreasing intracellular @entity104 concentrations in biofilms). Cold-shock protein transcriptional regulators (cspABFGI) appear to be positive biofilm regulators, and deletions in respiratory genes (e.g. hyaACD, hyfCG, appC, narG) increased biofilm formation sevenfold.

title: Temporal gene-expression in XXXX biofilms.

entities_list: @entity11485 :: ('MESH:D005688', 'Chemical') :: ['galactosamine']

entities_list: @entity12036 :: ('MESH:D004099', 'Chemical') :: ['dihydroxyacetone phosphate']

entities_list: @entity38944 :: ('MESH:D004376', 'Chemical') :: ['galactitol']

entities_list: @entity2340 :: ('CHEBI:27897', 'Chemical') :: ['tryptophan']

entities_list: @entity3287 :: ('CHEBI:26822', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfide']

entities_list: @entity2624 :: ('83333', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli K-12']

entities_list: @entity597 :: ('CHEBI:16189', 'Chemical') :: ['Sulfate']

answer: @entity2624 :: (83333,Species) :: ['Escherichia coli K-12']


abstract: Urinary lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) activity and isozyme pattern were investigated in 38 @entity1 with @entity150 of various stages and grades and in 10 healthy @entity1 . Urinary LDH activity was markedly elevated and directly correlated with histologic stage and grade of @entity5 . The urinary LDH isozyme pattern differed significantly from that of normal urine even in early and well-differentiated @entity5 cases. LDH4 and LDH5 became more prominent as the degree of the histologic stage and grade of the @entity5 increased. In the @entity1 with @entity5 more advanced than stage T2, LDH4 and LDH5 were greater than LDH1 plus LDH2, the reverse of what is found in normal urine. As analogous result was obtained in @entity1 with @entity5 of grade II or higher. No appreciable difference was found in the LDH isozyme pattern of @entity1 with single or @entity5 although the total activity was greater with @entity5 . A comparison between LDH isozyme pattern in urine and in @entity5 tissue was evaluated in 26 @entity1 with a good correlation (r = 0.40, P less than 0.05). Comparison of the results with urine LDH and urine cytology was attempted for each stage and grade. In 5 of 16 cases having negative urine cytology, a positive isozyme index was present and 10 of 13 cases having positive urine cytology had a positive isozyme index. These data suggest that evaluation of urinary LDH combined with urinary cytology might be of value in the diagnosis of @entity150 and for following @entity1 who have had @entity150 .

title: Studies on lactic dehydrogenase of XXXX with @entity150 . I. Urinary lactic dehydrogenase.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder tumors']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'multiple tumors', 'tumors']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']