abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity356 ( @entity356 ) is well-recognized as a superior method to achieving durable weight loss in the medium term when compared with non-surgical methods of weight loss. In this paper, we described the clinical presentation and outcomes of @entity1 presenting with band or band-adjustment reservoir @entity295 from our series from a single institution. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective review of prospectively collected clinical, anthropometric and biochemical data from @entity1 who underwent @entity356 placement over a five-year period at a metropolitan teaching hospital. Those @entity1 requiring surgical intervention for prosthesis-related @entity295 were included in the review. RESULTS: Of the 445 @entity1 in this series, 10 (2.2%) developed @entity295 and required operative intervention. Three (0.7%) presented with reservoir @entity295 requiring removal of the reservoir. One had band erosion identified and the entire prosthesis removed. In seven (1.5%) of the @entity1 , @entity281 occurred at the gastric band. Two @entity1 presented with @entity298 and underwent immediate band removal. The remainder presented with band abscesses and either had their band removed (three @entity1 ) or left in position and the @entity295 treated with drainage and antibiotics (two @entity1 ). CONCLUSIONS: In our current series, a small proportion of @entity356 @entity1 developed prosthesis-related @entity281 that typically required port or band removal and usually occurred early in the post-operative course. We have modified our prophylactic antibiotic regime and surgical technique as a result of this review. In selected cases of @entity281 , bands were salvaged with subsequent acceptable weight loss, suggesting that @entity356 salvage in the presence of @entity295 may be achievable in some @entity1 .

title: Prosthesis related XXXX following laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding.

entities_list: @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['sepsis', 'prosthesis sepsis']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['purulent peritonitis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection', 'infections', 'band infection']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding', 'LAGB']

answer: @entity295 :: (MESH:D018805,Disease) :: ['sepsis']


abstract: Objective : This investigation evaluated the construct of @entity497 ( @entity497 ) in adolescents with @entity1739 ( @entity1739 ). Design : Prospective comparative study. Settings : The investigation was conducted in a hospital-based clinic, voice laboratory, and the homes of @entity1 . @entity1 : Two groups of @entity1 participated in this study. The first group was composed of 14 @entity1 between the ages of 8 and 14  years who attended the @entity1739 ( @entity1739 ) clinic at our institution, and the second group was composed of 14 age-matched @entity1 from the community with no history of speech or @entity1740 . Interventions : The study involved completion of the Measure of Elementary Communication Apprehension (MECA) by all 28 @entity1 (14 experimental and 14 control subjects). Reliability of the subjects' responses to the MECA was also evaluated. Outcome Measures : Communication apprehension scores obtained from the MECA were the main focus of the study. Results : @entity1 with @entity1739 experienced significantly higher levels of @entity497 than did those in the control group. Moderate-to-good reliability of the MECA was found. Conclusions : Based on these data, @entity1 with @entity1739 may be experiencing increased levels of @entity497 . Consequently, the experience of high @entity497 has the potential to affect the communication performance and social functioning of @entity1 with @entity1739 .

title: An evaluation of XXXX in adolescents with @entity1739 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'children', 'Children', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity1739 :: ('MESH:D014681', 'Disease') :: ['VPI', 'velopharyngeal inadequacy']

entities_list: @entity497 :: ('MESH:D003147', 'Disease') :: ['communication apprehension', 'CA']

entities_list: @entity1740 :: ('MESH:D014832', 'Disease') :: ['voice disorders']

answer: @entity497 :: (MESH:D003147,Disease) :: ['communication apprehension']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To study the current scenario of diagnosis, treatment and mortality of obstructive @entity2885 secondary to @entity1791 in Japan. METHODS: The study was a retrospective and multicenter survey for hospitalized @entity1 with obstructive @entity2885 as a result of @entity1791 in educational facilities for specialists by the Japanese Urological Association. @entity1 ' characteristics including physical or laboratory examinations, treatment and prognosis were recorded, and the risk factors for @entity204 were analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 1363 @entity1 from 208 hospitals were analyzed. The median age of @entity1 was 68 years, and there were 2.2-fold more female @entity1 than male @entity1 . From 844 @entity1 , 891 species of bacteria or fungi were isolated, and Gram-negative rods accounted for 76.5% of cases. The mortality of @entity1 was 2.3%. The risk factors related to @entity204 by univariate analysis were identified as older age, @entity8 , ambulance use to visit hospital, disturbance of @entity1662 , severe @entity1277 , higher performance status, @entity5642 status or @entity1850 , vasopressors and anti- @entity5642 therapies, increased pulse rates, lower hemoglobin, lower serum albumin, and high blood urea nitrogen values. The predictive risk factors for @entity204 of @entity1 ' status at hospitalization were age over 80 years, @entity1850 , @entity5642 status, disturbance of @entity1662 and @entity8 by multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Obstructive @entity2885 as a result of @entity1791 represents an emergent disease in the urological field with relatively high mortality. @entity1 with older age or poor conditions should be hospitalized, and intervention by a urology specialist is likely to be required.

title: Obstructive XXXX as a result of @entity1791 in Japan: Diagnosis, treatment and prognosis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['solitary kidney']

entities_list: @entity1791 :: ('MESH:D052878', 'Disease') :: ['urolithiasis']

entities_list: @entity5642 :: ('MESH:D004211', 'Disease') :: ['disseminated intravascular coagulation']

entities_list: @entity1277 :: ('MESH:D001068', 'Disease') :: ['appetite loss']

entities_list: @entity1850 :: ('MESH:D018746', 'Disease') :: ['systemic inflammatory response syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1662 :: ('MESH:D003244', 'Disease') :: ['consciousness']

entities_list: @entity2885 :: ('MESH:D011704', 'Disease') :: ['pyelonephritis']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['disease death']

answer: @entity2885 :: (MESH:D011704,Disease) :: ['pyelonephritis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the diagnostic utility of T1-weighted and STIR magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences in early @entity24099 ( @entity24099 ) using a standardized approach to the evaluation of sacroiliac (SI) joints, and to test whether systematic calibration of readers directed at recognition of abnormalities on T1-weighted MRI would enhance diagnostic utility. METHODS: Six readers independently assessed T1-weighted and STIR MRI scans of the SI joints from 187 subjects: 75 @entity1691 ( @entity1691 ) and 27 preradiographic @entity615 ( @entity615 ) @entity1 , and 26 mechanical back @entity158 and 59 healthy volunteer controls ages  <=45 years. The exercise was repeated 6 months later on a random selection of 30 @entity1691 @entity1 and 34 controls after calibration directed at lesions visible on T1-weighted MRI. Specific MRI lesions were recorded according to standardized definitions. In addition to deciding on the presence/absence of @entity24099 , readers were asked which MRI sequence and which type of lesion was the primary basis for their diagnostic conclusion. RESULTS: Structural lesions were detected in 98% of @entity1691 @entity1 and 64% of @entity615 @entity1 . A diagnosis of @entity24099 was based on T1-weighted or combined T1-weighted/STIR sequences in 82% of @entity1691 @entity1 and 41% of @entity615 @entity1 . Calibration enhanced the diagnostic utility of MRI in the majority of readers, especially those considered less experienced; the mean positive and negative likelihood ratios (of 6 readers) were 14.5 and 0.08 precalibration, respectively, and 22.2 and 0.02 postcalibration, respectively. CONCLUSION: Recognition of structural lesions on T1-weighted MRI contributes significantly to its diagnostic utility in early @entity24099 . Rheumatologist training directed at detection of lesions visible on T1-weighted MRI enhances diagnostic utility.

title: Assessment of structural lesions in sacroiliac joints enhances diagnostic utility of magnetic resonance imaging in early XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity615 :: ('MESH:D001416', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory back pain', 'IBP']

entities_list: @entity1691 :: ('MESH:D013167', 'Disease') :: ['ankylosing spondylitis', 'AS']

entities_list: @entity24099 :: ('MESH:D025241', 'Disease') :: ['SpA', 'spondylarthritis']

answer: @entity24099 :: (MESH:D025241,Disease) :: ['spondylarthritis']


abstract: In an open study we report about the therapeutic influence of neural therapy in the periurethral region in @entity1 with urgency. We treated 50 @entity1 with neurohormonal urgency three times in 2-weeks interval by periurethral injections of 10 ml 0.25% @entity1341 . Success was controlled in 46 @entity1 with clinical and urodynamical methods. 10% of the least one time treated @entity1 had the same complaints after therapy, 60% were improved by therapy and 30% were free of symptoms. We registered with urodynamic measurements a significant increase of the bladder volume up to the first sensation to void and a significant reduction of the bladder compliance. In a second randomized study the influence of a single acute maximum functional electrostimulation (AMFES) by vaginal electrode was tested. 10 @entity1 with anamnestic urge @entity322 in each case with uninhibited detrusor contractions and 10 @entity1 without detrusor contractions was treated. The subjective statements yielded in urge @entity322 without detrusor contractions a higher percentage of improvement than in motoric urge @entity322 . The urodynamic diagnostic evaluation showed a relation between the unchanged objective conditions and the symptoms of complaint four weeks after treatment in @entity1 with motoric urge @entity322 . We recommend the use both of the neural therapy and functional electrostimulation as additional methods besides the dominant medicamentous treatment of the urgency and the urge @entity322 .

title: [Stimulation or blocking of the periurethral region--an expansion of conservative therapeutic measures in irritable bladder and urge XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1341 :: ('MESH:D002045', 'Chemical') :: ['Bupivacaine']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['incontinence']

answer: @entity322 :: (MESH:D014549,Disease) :: ['incontinence']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Teriparatide (parathyreoid hormone; @entity461 -34) increases skeletal mass in @entity1 and improves @entity174 healing in animals. A recent randomized multicenter trial of nonoperated distal radial fractures showed a moderate shortening of the time to restoration of cortical continuity by treatment with 20 microg (low-dose) teriparatide per day, but not with 40 microg (high-dose). As radiographic cortical continuity appears late in the healing process, perhaps too late for clinical relevance, we studied the qualitative appearance of the callus 5 weeks after @entity174 . METHODS: One third of the @entity1 of the international trial were treated at Link  ping University Hospital. The multicenter trial did not evaluate early callus formation. We therefore made a blinded qualitative scoring of the callus at 5 weeks in our 27 @entity1 . Callus formation was arbitrarily classified as rich, intermediate, or poor. RESULTS: 9 @entity1 were classified as rich (none had received placebo, 3 low-dose teriparatide, and 6 high-dose teriparatide). 9 @entity1 were classified as intermediate (1 had received placebo, 5 low-dose, and 3 high-dose). 9 @entity1 were classified as poor (7 had received placebo, 1 low-dose, and 1 high-dose) (p < 0.001). INTERPRETATION: This is a post hoc subgroup analysis of an outcome variable, which was not in the official protocol. The results must therefore be interpreted with caution. However, in combination with the results of the larger trial, the data suggest that radiographic quality at an early time point might be a sensitive variable, perhaps better than time to cortical continuity. Moreover, teriparatide appeared to improve early @entity174 .

title: Teriparatide improves early XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['callus formation in distal radial fractures', 'fracture']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['callus formation in distal radial fractures']


abstract: The relevance of additional findings was examined in 50 @entity1 in whom @entity15 had been diagnosed. Magnetic resonance (MR) technique revealed morphological changes in 49 @entity1 (688 foci), whereas CT scan visualised foci with modified enhancement in 35 @entity1 only (133 foci) (70%). Oligoclonal antibodies were found in the CSF of 96% of the @entity1 as pointers towards the inflammatory immunological process. Enhanced daily IgG production was seen in 57-70% of the @entity1 , whereas in 52% stimulated lymphocytes were identified in the CSF. Total protein content and cell count in the CSF differed in only 22 and 26%, respectively. Functional deterioration of the myelin sheath resulted in 72% of @entity15 @entity1 in an increased latency of visually evoked potentials. Hence, oligoclonal antibodies in the CSF and multiple foci revealed by MR are the most reliable additional findings in @entity15 and should be considered as essential aids to confirm the diagnosis. A modified schema is suggested in which CT is replaced by MR and the proof of oligoclonal antibodies is given a higher ranking. Pathological changes in evoked potentials are relevant only if clinical symptoms are absent. Sensitivity disturbances and manifestations of @entity75 are somewhat less significant.

title: [Additional examinations for ascertaining the diagnosis of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['multiple sclerosis', 'MS']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain stem disorders']

answer: @entity15 :: (MESH:D009103,Disease) :: ['multiple sclerosis']


abstract: Data collected from 690 purebred Duroc @entity1707 from 2009 to 2012 were used to estimate the heritability, and genetic and phenotypic correlations between production and meat quality traits. Variance components were obtained through the restricted maximum likelihood procedure using Wombat and SAS version 9.0. Animals were raised under the same management in five different breeding farms. The average daily gain, loin muscle area (LMA), backfat thickness (BF), and lean percent (LP) were measured as production traits. Meat quality traits included pH, @entity393 , lightness (L*), redness (a*), yellowness (b*), @entity5846 ( @entity5846 ), moisture content (MC), water holding capacity (WHC), and shear force. The results showed that the heritability estimates for meat quality traits varied largely from 0.19 to 0.79. Production traits were moderate to highly heritable from 0.41 to 0.73. Genotypically, the BF was positively correlated (p<0.05) with MC (0.786), WHC (0.904), and pH (0.328) but negatively correlated with shear force (-0.533). The results of genetic correlations indicated that selection for less BF could decrease pH, moisture content, and WHC and increase the shear force of meat. Additionally, a significant positive correlation was recorded between average daily gain and WHC, which indicates pork from faster-growing animals has higher WHC. Furthermore, selection for larger LMA and LP could increase @entity5846 and lightness color of meat. The meat quality and production traits could be improved simultaneously if desired. Hence, to avoid further deterioration of pork characteristics, appropriate selection of traits should be considered.

title: Estimation of Genetic Associations between Production and Meat Quality Traits in Duroc XXXX .

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['cooking loss']

entities_list: @entity5846 :: ('MESH:C536058', 'Disease') :: ['MS', 'marbling score']

answer: @entity1707 :: (9823,Species) :: ['Pigs']


abstract: PURPOSE: Hitherto, studies on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) initiation have shown partly inconsistent results. Our study investigated the clinical course and course of immune status after HAART initiation at @entity404 -cell-count/ l of treated @entity1 between 250 and 349 (group 1), compared to 350-449 (group 2), on the basis of the cohort of the Competence Network for @entity645 / @entity791 (KompNet cohort). METHODS: @entity1 had to be HAART-na  ve. Medication had to start at the earliest in 1996, being at least triple combination therapy. The primary endpoints of @entity204 , first @entity791 illness and first drop of @entity404 -cell-count/ l below 200 were evaluated as censored event times between the initiation of HAART (t (0)) and the date of the first event/date of last observation. Probabilities of event-free intervals since t (0) were calculated by Kaplan-Meier estimation, compared by logrank tests. The results were adjusted for confounders using Cox regression. Additionally, incidences were estimated. RESULTS: A total of 822 @entity1 met the inclusion criteria (group 1: 526, group 2: 296), covering 4,133 @entity1 years (py) overall. In group 1, 0.64 @entity204 cases/100  py were found, with the corresponding vale being 0.17 in group 2. In group 1, 1.38 @entity791 events/100  py occurred, whereas it was 0.78 in group 2. In group 1, 2.64 events of first drop of @entity404 -cell-count/ l below 200 occurred per 100  py, compared to 0.77 in group 2. Kaplan-Meier estimations showed borderline significant differences regarding @entity204 (p  =  0.063), no differences regarding first @entity791 illness (p  =  0.148) and distinct differences regarding the first drop of @entity404 -cell-count/ l below 200 (p  =  0.0004). CONCLUSIONS: The results gave a strong hint for a therapy initiation at higher @entity404 -cell-count/ l regarding the outcome of @entity204 in treated @entity1 . A distinct benefit was shown regarding the first decline of @entity404 -cell-count/ l  below 200.

title: Impact of earlier HAART initiation on the immune status and clinical course of treated @entity1 on the basis of cohort data of the German Competence Network for @entity645 / XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity791 :: ('MESH:D000163', 'Disease') :: ['AIDS-defining', 'AIDS']

answer: @entity791 :: (MESH:D000163,Disease) :: ['AIDS']


abstract: The present paper aims at describing historical features, developmental trends and key concepts in @entity146 physiotherapy ( @entity3445 ). @entity3445 was offered as an additional treatment to conventional @entity146 care and the aim was to examine the possibility of carrying out @entity3445 with ten unselected @entity1 (n = 10) in an out- @entity1 @entity146 clinic. Symptoms presented: @entity148 and phobic states, @entity308 and crisis reactions. The purpose of four individual sessions was to stimulate curiosity and offer exercises concerning body-mind interactions. In examination of data qualitative research methods were used. All @entity1 accepted the offer of @entity3445 and participated in all sessions. Nine reported great or moderate symptom reduction. Of greatest importance for relief of symptoms was the @entity1 's level of 'engagement'. @entity3445 implies physical proximity and an encounter on an existential level. The impact of a complementary physical approach in @entity146 care needs to be further elucidated.

title: Physiotherapeutic treatment in out- @entity1 XXXX care.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

answer: @entity146 :: (MESH:D001523,Disease) :: ['psychiatric']


abstract: This study was designed to assess the efficacy, tolerability, and safety of oral @entity2380 given at 300 mg once weekly for two weeks in the treatment of @entity14937 . Enrolled into the study were 44 subjects with @entity14937 , provisionally confirmed by the detection of fungal hyphae in KOH wet mounts and Wood's lamp examination. Four subjects were classified as dropouts because no information was obtained from them after the baseline visit. Subjects were treated for two weeks orally with @entity2380 300 mg weekly and followed at the 1st, 2nd, 4th and 12th weeks of treatment. The study included 40 subjects (26 males and 14 females, mean age 29 years, range 19-48 years). At the week 4 visit, 30 (75%) @entity1 showed a complete cure and 31 (77.5%) @entity1 showed mycologic cure. Ten (25%) @entity1 had no significant response to therapy. At the final follow-up visit (week 12), none of the @entity1 showing complete or mycologic cures exhibited a recurrence. No adverse effects were observed in any of the @entity1 treated. We believe that, due to the low incidence of side effects, shorter treatment duration, and increased adaptation of the @entity1 , @entity2380 can be used in the treatment of @entity14937 with confidence.

title: Oral @entity2380 in the treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity14937 :: ('MESH:D014010', 'Disease') :: ['tinea versicolor']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2380 :: ('MESH:D015725', 'Chemical') :: ['fluconazole']

answer: @entity14937 :: (MESH:D014010,Disease) :: ['tinea versicolor']


abstract: @entity64 is the third most common cause of @entity204 in the United States and is the number one cause of long-term disability. Legislative mandates, largely the result of the American Heart Association, American @entity64 Association, and @entity75 working cooperatively, have resulted in nationwide standardization of care for @entity1 who experience a @entity64 . Transport to a skilled facility that can provide optimal care, including immediate treatment to halt or reverse the damage caused by @entity64 , must occur swiftly. Admission to a certified @entity64 center is recommended for improving outcomes. Most @entity64 are @entity63 in nature. Acute @entity385 is a heterogeneous group of @entity455 , which makes targeted treatment challenging. To provide a thorough review of the literature since the 2007 acute @entity385 guidelines were developed, we performed a search of the MEDLINE database (January 1, 2004-July 1, 2009) for relevant English-language studies. Results (through July 1, 2009) from clinical trials included in the Internet @entity64 Center registry were also accessed. Results from several pivotal studies have contributed to our knowledge of @entity64 . Additional data support the efficacy and safety of intravenous alteplase, the standard of care for acute @entity385 since 1995. Due to these study results, the American @entity64 Association changed its recommendation to extend the time window for administration of intravenous alteplase from within 3 hours to 4.5 hours of symptom onset; this recommendation enables many more @entity1 to receive the drug. Other findings included clinically useful biomarkers, the role of @entity32 and infection, an expanded role for placement of intracranial stents, a reduced role for urgent carotid endarterectomy, alternative treatments for @entity66 , identification of nontraditional risk factors, including risk factors for @entity1 , and newly published @entity64 . In addition, new devices for thrombolectomy are being developed, and neuroprotective therapies such as the use of @entity1760 , statins, and induced @entity2332 are being explored. As treatment interventions become more clearly defined in special subgroups of @entity1 , outcomes in @entity1 with acute @entity385 will likely continue to improve.

title: Acute XXXX update.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1760 :: ('MESH:D008274', 'Chemical') :: ['magnesium']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['strokes', 'stroke', 'pediatric stroke guidelines', 'Stroke']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular diseases']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['large-vessel disease']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['Brain Attack Coalition']

entities_list: @entity2332 :: ('MESH:D007035', 'Disease') :: ['hypothermia']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity385 :: (MESH:D002544,Disease) :: ['ischemic stroke']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although very late stent @entity715 occurs several years after implantation of @entity3446 -eluting stent (SES), the morphologic changes of the stent beyond 2 years have not yet been systematically studied in living @entity1 . The late vascular response to SES was therefore evaluated by serial angioscopic studies at 2 and 5 years after stent implantation. METHODS: A total of 17 @entity1 with 17 SES underwent a repeated angioscopy procedure at 2 and 5 years. Neointimal stent coverage (NSC) was classified as follows: grade 0, presence of uncovered struts; grade 1, visible struts through a thin @entity8233 ; or grade 2, complete neointimal coverage without visible struts. For each @entity1 , the minimum and maximum NSC grade and the existence of in-stent @entity715 were recorded. RESULTS: The minimum and maximum NSC grade did not increase between the 2 and 5 years (0.59    0.51 vs 0.88    0.70, P = .17, and 1.82    0.39 vs 1.94    0.24, P = .30, respectively). The prevalence of @entity1 with uncovered struts did not significantly decrease from 2 to 5 years (41% vs 29%, P = .49). During the follow-up period, 3 of 6 thrombi disappeared, whereas new @entity715 formation was found in 3 @entity1 without any clinical symptoms. In-stent @entity715 did not decrease (35% vs 35%, P > .99). CONCLUSIONS: The current serial angioscopic study suggests that incomplete NSC and the prevalence of latent @entity715 within the SES segments did not decrease from 2 to 5 years. The risk of stent @entity715 related to incomplete healing of SES may continue for an extended period.

title: The possibility of delayed arterial healing 5 years after implantation of XXXX -eluting stents: serial observations by coronary angioscopy.

entities_list: @entity3446 :: ('MESH:D020123', 'Chemical') :: ['sirolimus']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombus', 'thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity8233 :: ('MESH:D058426', 'Disease') :: ['neointima']

answer: @entity3446 :: (MESH:D020123,Chemical) :: ['sirolimus']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The management of @entity740 requires the assessment of bone turnover, which most often is based on parathyroid hormone ( @entity461 ) concentration, the utility of which remains controversial. STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional retrospective diagnostic test study. SETTING _ @entity1 : 492 dialysis @entity1 from Brazil, Portugal, @entity233 , and Venezuela with prior bone biopsy and stored (-20  C) serum. INDEX TESTS: Samples were analyzed for @entity461 (intact [iPTH] and whole @entity461 ), bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (bALP), and @entity1472 -terminal propeptide of type 1 procollagen (P1NP). REFERENCE TEST: Bone histomorphometric assessment of turnover (bone formation rate/bone surface [BFR/BS]) and receiver operating characteristic curves for discriminating diagnostic ability. RESULTS: The biomarkers iPTH and bALP or combinations thereof allowed discrimination of low from nonlow and high from nonhigh BFR/BS, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve > 0.70 but  <  0.80. Using iPTH level, the best cutoff to discriminate low from nonlow BFR/BS was  <103.8pg/mL, and to discriminate high from nonhigh BFR/BS was >323.0pg/mL. The best cutoff for bALP to discriminate low from nonlow BFR/BS was  <33.1U/L, and for high from nonhigh BFR/BS, 42.1U/L. Using the KDIGO practice guideline @entity461 values of greater than 2 but less than 9 times the upper limit of normal, sensitivity and specificity of iPTH level to discriminate low from nonlow turnover @entity79 were 65.7% and 65.3%, and to discriminate high from nonhigh were 37.0% and 85.8%, respectively. LIMITATIONS: Cross-sectional design without consideration of therapy. Potential limited generalizability with samples from 4 countries. CONCLUSIONS: The serum biomarkers iPTH, whole @entity461 , and bALP were able to discriminate low from nonlow BFR/BS, whereas iPTH and bALP were able to discriminate high from nonhigh BFR/BS. Prospective studies are required to determine whether evaluating trends in biomarker concentrations could guide therapeutic decisions.

title: Diagnostic Accuracy of Bone Turnover Markers and Bone Histology in XXXX With CKD Treated by Dialysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone disease']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The most common features of the system for classifying @entity4858 of the eye in @entity1 who require urgent retinal surgery were identified, and their predictive value was estimated in order to determine whether they are useful in detecting these @entity1 . METHODS: @entity1 with ocular @entity130 between 1998 and 2007 were retrospectively evaluated and assigned to one of two groups: group 1 (with injuries that required urgent retinal surgery) and group 2 (without those injuries). The rate and 95% confidence intervals (CI) that group 1 accounted for were identified. The rate of the most common features in group 1 was identified and compared with their rate in group 2 using chi(2) and odds ratio. Predictive values of those features for detecting group 1 were calculated. RESULTS: Two hundred thirty eight eyes (mean age: 27.5 years) were included. Ten eyes were assigned to group 1 (4.2%, 95% CI 1.6-6.7) and 228 eyes were assigned to group 2. The most frequent features in group 1 were @entity1538 (90%), @entity23112 (50%), @entity23113 (30%), grade 4 (70%) and zone III (70%). The positive predictive value was 60% for @entity23113 , and <50% for the remaining features. CONCLUSIONS: Although some clinical features had a statistical and clinical association with the need for urgent retinal surgery, their predictive value was insufficient because the rate of eyes that required this intervention was low. The results suggest that @entity1538 and @entity227 should be used as referral criteria, regardless of the injuries found.

title: Ocular XXXX characteristics associated with urgent retinal surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual loss']

entities_list: @entity1538 :: ('MESH:D005902', 'Disease') :: ['open globe']

entities_list: @entity4858 :: ('MESH:D005131', 'Disease') :: ['ocular injuries']

entities_list: @entity23112 :: ('MESH:C564234', 'Disease') :: ['type A open globe']

entities_list: @entity23113 :: ('MESH:C566641', 'Disease') :: ['type C open globe']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['trauma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity712 is one of the most serious complications in @entity1555 ( @entity1555 ). Beta-blocker medication is known to improve the prognosis of @entity712 of adults, but its efficacy and safety for @entity1555 @entity1 has not been fully assessed. Thus we conducted a multicenter open trial. METHODS: Fifty-four @entity1555 @entity1 participated; 41 received @entity1405 (BB group) and 13 did not (non BB group). All @entity1 with an ejection fraction of less than 50% received angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. Then, @entity1 in BB group were started on @entity1405 . The mean maintenance dose of @entity1405 in BB group was 7.85+/-2.80 mg/day. Clinical signs and cardiac function were monitored regularly and statistical analysis was done. RESULTS: The survival rate free from primary endpoints ( @entity204 , deterioration of @entity712 and severe @entity943 ) was higher in the BB group. The survival rate free from all-cause @entity204 was also higher in the BB group, although not significantly higher. @entity1 with primary endpoints received lower maintenance doses of @entity1405 and presented higher mean heart rates (HR) during the observation period. In the BB group, mean HR at enrollment and the reduction of mean HR were correlated with the change of ejection fraction. Although serious adverse events were rare during the introduction of @entity1405 , @entity1 with advanced @entity299 required a longer period for up-titration and frequently presented with minor complaints. CONCLUSION: The present study suggests that @entity1405 is relatively safe and can prevent @entity299 even in @entity1 with @entity1555 .

title: @entity1405 can prevent @entity299 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['Heart failure', 'chronic heart failure', 'heart failure']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmia']

entities_list: @entity1405 :: ('MESH:C043211', 'Chemical') :: ['carvedilol']

entities_list: @entity1555 :: ('MESH:D020388', 'Disease') :: ['Duchenne muscular dystrophy', 'DMD']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac events', 'cardiac dysfunction']

answer: @entity1555 :: (MESH:D020388,Disease) :: ['Duchenne muscular dystrophy']


abstract: AIM: Over 50% of @entity5 @entity1 suffer from @entity22 , nearly twice the estimated prevalence in the general population. However, this widespread problem has received far less attention compared to @entity5 and @entity1295 . The aim of this study was to determine whether certain factors can alter the sleep-wake cycle in this @entity1 subgroup and whether altered nyctohemeral sleep rhythms may negatively impact on quality of life. METHODS: The medical records of 101 @entity1 treated at the @entity5 Center, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, Turin, and who had died of @entity5 in 2007, were reviewed. Extracted from each record were data on: @entity1 age, sex, primary @entity5 site, presence of @entity158 , @entity558 , concomitant medications, type of therapy, chemotherapeutic (CT) scheme, survival, and side effects. The sample was divided into two subgroups defined as inducers or non-inducers, depending on whether the @entity1 had taken medications or not to treat @entity22 . Significant differences between the two groups for these variables were tested using statistical analysis. RESULTS: A statistically significant difference between the two groups emerged for @entity308 taken in association with a concurrent @entity308 (P=0.01463), and side effects (P=0.0015). There was a statistically significant difference between the inducer and the non-inducer groups for female sex (one-tailed Fisher's exact test; P=0.04170) but the difference was marginal on Fisher's two-tailed test (P=0.06121). No statistically significant differences between the two groups were found for mean age (P=0.61281), median age (P=0.9996), primary @entity5 site, @entity558 (P=0.4205), survival (P=0.5704), presence of @entity158 (P=0.53300) or type of therapy (P=0.6466). CONCLUSION: Sleep disturbances are a common complaint of @entity5 @entity1 but have only recently attracted greater attention as the diagnosis of @entity5 has increased. Sleep disturbances are not an isolated problem but rather lead to a vicious circle of @entity22 and @entity1295 where it is not always possible to distinguish between cause and effect. Future studies are needed to gain insight into the underlying mechanisms and a better understanding of what causes alterations in circadian rhythm.

title: [Sleep-wake cycle in chemotherapy XXXX : a retrospective study].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity558 :: ('MESH:C536528', 'Disease') :: ['concomitant conditions']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['anxiety-depression syndromes (P=0.00001), the number of sleeping pills', 'anxiety-depression syndrome']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'cancer pain', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity22 :: ('MESH:D007319', 'Disease') :: ['insomnia']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Functional neuroimaging in @entity1 with acute @entity75 often reveals @entity551 and metabolism in areas unaffected by the lesion. This phenomenon, termed diaschisis, is presumably caused by disruption of afferent excitatory input from the lesioned area to other brain regions. By characterizing its neurophysiological basis, we used cerebellar diaschisis to study the relationship between electrical activity and blood flow during decreased neuronal activity. Here we show that focal @entity2806 in @entity35 causes diaschisis in the cerebellar cortex characterized by pronounced decreases in Purkinje cell spiking activity and small decreases in cerebellar blood flow. The findings were explained by decreased excitatory input to the cerebellar cortex, i.e., deactivation, as cerebellar neuronal excitability and vascular reactivity were preserved. Functional ablation of the cerebral cortex by either spreading @entity308 or @entity1022 reproduced the changes in cerebellar function with complete recovery of Purkinje cell activity and cerebellar blood flow concomitant with recovery of neocortical function. Decreases of activity involving the contralateral frontal cortex produced the largest decrease in cerebellar electrical activity and blood flow. Our data suggest that deactivation explains the @entity551 and metabolism in cerebellar diaschisis observed in @entity1 neuroimaging studies. Decreases in spiking activity were 3-7 times larger than the respective decreases in flow. Therefore, under pathological conditions, neuroimaging methods based on hemodynamic signals may only show small changes, although the underlying decrease in neuronal activity is much larger.

title: Neuronal deactivation explains @entity551 in response to focal XXXX or suppressed neocortical function.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral ischemia']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain damage']

entities_list: @entity1022 :: ('MESH:D013779', 'Chemical') :: ['tetrodotoxin']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['decreases in blood flow']

answer: @entity2806 :: (MESH:D002545,Disease) :: ['cerebral ischemia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Urbanization and adoption of new diet and lifestyles had increased the @entity65 ( @entity65 ) rate and therefore, @entity1187 ( @entity1187 ) in developing countries such as Tunisia. We aimed at determining @entity1187 prevalence among a sample of Tunisian @entity1 with @entity662 , at establishing the standardized incidence rate (SIR) of @entity1187 , and at quantifying the relationship between ASC and @entity65 in this population. METHODS: We studied 3158 @entity1 admitted to a @entity662 unit for non-traumatic @entity662 collected in Emergency Data from January 2012 to December 2014. For all @entity1 , the data were collected using a standardized form. We performed univariate rather than multivariate logistic regression analyses to identify age and gender-related @entity65 in @entity1187 . Linear interpolation was used for curve estimation. RESULTS: 707 (22.3%) @entity662 @entity1 were classified as @entity1187 . The age-SIR per 10(-5)personyear (PY) was 85.7; it was 112.6 in @entity1 and 45.3 in @entity1 . Eighty one percent of @entity1 with @entity1187 cumulated 2 @entity65 and more. The highest odds ratio were 2.00 (95% CI 1.64-2.44) for @entity6 and 1.81 (95% CI 1.50-2.18) for active smoking. @entity1187 in elderly @entity1 was significantly associated with active smoking (OR: 2.36), @entity6 (OR: 1.72) and personal @entity1187 history (OR: 1.71). We found a significant and very high linear relation between the number of @entity65 and @entity1187 odds ratio (R(2)=0.958). CONCLUSION: Our results showed that the incidence of @entity1187 in a Tunisian population is not very different from what is observed in developed countries; with a close relation with @entity65 especially @entity6 and smoking.

title: Acute coronary syndrome among @entity1 with XXXX : Prevalence, incidence and risk factors.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['ACS', 'acute coronary syndrome']

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['chest pain']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular risk factor', 'CVRF']

answer: @entity662 :: (MESH:D002637,Disease) :: ['chest pain']


abstract: Salmonella is, after Campylobacter, the most reported zoonotic pathogen in the EU. Poultry are a common source of @entity281 to @entity1 , and @entity233 flocks are commonly colonized with the organism. We investigated the prevalence and risk factors of @entity5746 in 179 houses in 60 holdings representative of @entity233 meat and breeder production in Great Britain. From each holding, up to four houses were chosen, and two consecutive flocks per house were sampled/tested for Salmonella to investigate the persistence, elimination and introduction of Salmonella in consecutive crops. At the first sampling, the overall flock-level Salmonella prevalence was 32.8% and 8.9% for meat and breeding flocks respectively. There was a higher prevalence of Salmonella in flocks in the rearing stage than in the fattening and breeding stages. At the first sampling, the flock-level prevalence of Salmonella was 26.8% (95% CI: 20.7-33.7%), while the prevalence level in the subsequent flock was 20.5% (95% CI: 13.6-29.7%). No houses were positive for any of the EU-regulated serovars. The most commonly encountered serovars were S. Kottbus and S. Kedougou. @entity281 was observed in 44.8% of the positive houses, and introduction of new @entity281 occurred in 8.4% of houses. Data from the questionnaires and auditing of all holdings and houses were combined and used to calculate adjusted farm- and house-adjusted risk factors. Significant risk factors were feed from a source other than a national compounder (OR   =   2.4), feeder type other than pan feeders (OR = 2.4) and hygiene practices other than terminal cleaning and disinfection using power-washing with sanitizer and anteroom with boot change (OR   =   2.8). The study discusses the main challenges currently faced by the industry to control Salmonella in @entity233 production.

title: A longitudinal study of @entity5746 in different types of XXXX flocks in Great Britain.

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection', 'Carry-over of infection']

entities_list: @entity5746 :: ('MESH:D012480', 'Disease') :: ['Salmonella infection']

answer: @entity233 :: (9103,Species) :: ['turkey']


abstract: A 26-year-old @entity1 had suffered from recurrent @entity490 , @entity843 and @entity4841 since childhood. The symptoms occurred usually during the winter, and each attack lasted for two to three days. Initially, the frequency was about once a year, but it had increased to once every one to four months after an exploratory laparotomy carried out four years ago. @entity491 accompanied each episode. Many laboratory examinations and imaging studies failed to show pathologic lesions. Laparoscopic examination revealed only yellowish @entity843 with a hyperemic mesentery and omentum. There were never any sequelae after the attacks. After prophylaxis with @entity3812 0.6 mg three times a day, no more attacks occurred. @entity827 ( @entity827 ) was the most likely diagnosis. Recognizing this disease entity in Taiwanese @entity1 may help to avoid unnecessary operations.

title: Taiwanese XXXX with recurrent @entity827 : report of a case.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'man']

entities_list: @entity827 :: ('MESH:D010505', 'Disease') :: ['familial paroxysmal polyserositis', 'Familial Mediterranean fever']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity3812 :: ('MESH:D003078', 'Chemical') :: ['colchicine']

entities_list: @entity4841 :: ('MESH:D018771', 'Disease') :: ['arthralgia']

entities_list: @entity491 :: ('MESH:D007964', 'Disease') :: ['Leukocytosis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine whether impairment in visual information processing measured by backward masking was related to high threshold values in the Defence Mechanism Test (DMT) in @entity1 with @entity161 . METHOD: A total of 20 @entity1 with @entity161 according to DSM-IV, most of whom were out- @entity1 , were studied with backward masking and a modified version of the DMT (DMTm). RESULTS: Nine of the @entity1 showed an @entity73 . There was a relationship between @entity73 and the DMTm with either no or a late C-phase (correct perception in DMTm) in the first series, and a late perception of the peripheral @entity1 in the second series. There was no relationship for the other 14 threshold values. The @entity1 did not have high threshold values in the DMTm as was expected. CONCLUSION: In this sample consisting mainly of out- @entity1 , there were few relationships between @entity73 and high threshold values in DMTm. Their visual information processing was not as disturbed as expected. Most previous studies on both backward masking and the DMT in @entity1 with @entity161 have been conducted among in- @entity1 , who could be expected to be more disturbed than the out- @entity1 in the present study. The results of studies on in- @entity1 with @entity161 must not be generalized to include out- @entity1 , and vice versa.

title: Early visual information processing and the Defence Mechanism Test in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'person']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['impairment in backward masking']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

answer: @entity161 :: (MESH:D012559,Disease) :: ['schizophrenia']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: This study aims to evaluate the existence of anatomic abnormalities in the skull base that could contribute to the origin of primary spontaneous @entity5173 (PSL). METHODS: Twenty PSL @entity1 were compared with 20 healthy individuals. The following features were measured through an analysis of computed tomography scans: the angles of the petrosal bones and skull base in both the sagittal and coronal planes; the anteroposterior and mediolateral diameters of the anterior skull base, sella, and sphenoid sinus; the depth of the olfactory fossa; the pneumatization of the sphenoid sinus; the position of the crista galli; and the state of the dorsum sellae. Body mass index (BMI) was compared. RESULTS: There were no differences between the two groups with respect to the angles and diameters of the anterior cranial fossa and the sphenoid sinus or the depth of the olfactory fossa. Pneumatization of the lateral recess of the sphenoid sinus was more frequent in the PSL group (55%) than in the control group (25%, p   =   0.053). The dorsum sellae were eroded in 30% of the PSL @entity1 but intact in all healthy subjects. PSL subjects showed higher sellae (1.0 versus 0.8  cm, p   =   0.002). The average BMI of PSL @entity1 was higher than that of the control group. CONCLUSION: Global alterations in the skull base of PSL @entity1 were not found. The increase in the height of sellae and the erosion of its dorsum suggest intracranial @entity101 . The higher BMI in the case group confirms the relation between @entity28 and PSL.

title: A tomographic study of the skull base in primary spontaneous XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5173 :: ('MESH:D065634', 'Disease') :: ['cerebrospinal fluid leaks']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

answer: @entity5173 :: (MESH:D065634,Disease) :: ['cerebrospinal fluid leaks']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the short- and long-term safety experience of infliximab treatment in @entity1 with @entity30 ( @entity30 ) in clinical practice. METHODS: The medical records of 297 consecutive @entity1 with @entity30 treated with infliximab at the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center were reviewed for demographic features and adverse events. RESULTS: The 297 @entity1 received a total of 1794 infusions. @entity1 received a median of four infusions and had a median follow-up of 14.3 months. Forty-four @entity1 (15%) experienced a serious adverse event, requiring the infusion to be stopped in 33 @entity1 (11%). Acute infusion reactions occurred in 18 @entity1 (6%) including respiratory problems in 10 @entity1 (3%) and an anaphylactoid reaction in 1 @entity1 (0.3%). @entity8667 occurred in one @entity1 (0.3%) and three @entity1 (1%) developed @entity910 . One @entity1 developed a probable new @entity17 . Eight @entity1 (2.7%), all of whom were on concurrent immunosuppressants, developed a serious @entity281 , one resulting in @entity295 . Six @entity1 (2%) developed @entity5 including two @entity1489 . A total of four (1.3%) @entity204 were observed (median age 72.5 years); two due to @entity360 , one due to @entity295 , and one due to @entity5 . CONCLUSIONS: While short- and long-term infliximab therapy was generally well tolerated, serious adverse events occurred in 15% of @entity1 including @entity910 , @entity295 , and @entity5 . Concomitant immunosuppressants were significantly associated with @entity281 and @entity204 , particularly among elderly @entity1 .

title: Safety of infliximab in XXXX : a large single-center experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity17 :: ('MESH:D003711', 'Disease') :: ['demyelination disorder']

entities_list: @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['fatal sepsis', 'sepsis']

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal bleeding']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity1489 :: ('MESH:D012878', 'Disease') :: ['lymphomas and two skin cancers']

entities_list: @entity910 :: ('MESH:D004409', 'Disease') :: ['drug-induced lupus']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection', 'infections']

entities_list: @entity8667 :: ('MESH:D012713', 'Disease') :: ['Serum sickness-like disease']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ['CD', "Crohn's disease"]

answer: @entity30 :: (MESH:D003424,Disease) :: ['Crohn's disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity310 , an adipokine involved in systemic @entity32 and a member of a group of cytokines that stimulate the acute phase reaction, has been related to the pathogenesis of both @entity2521 and @entity28 . The objective of this study was to assess the serum levels of @entity1254 , @entity1243 and @entity310 of periodontally healthy @entity353 ( @entity353 ) @entity1 , @entity353 @entity1 with @entity7278 ( @entity7278 ), periodontally healthy @entity28 @entity1 and @entity28 @entity1 with @entity7278 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: Ninety-three @entity1 were enrolled in this cross-sectional study: 30 periodontally healthy @entity353 @entity1 ; 18 @entity353 @entity1 with @entity7278 ; 21 periodontally healthy @entity28 @entity1 ; and 24 @entity28 @entity1 with @entity7278 . Analyses included clinical and anthropometric outcomes, as well as the assessment of serum levels of @entity1254 , @entity1243 and @entity310 by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) or fully automated chemiluminescence immunoassay. One-Way ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis One-Way on Ranks, Dunn's Test and multivariable logistic regression (MLR) analyses were conducted to estimate the degree of association between @entity2521 and @entity28 . RESULTS: @entity28 @entity1 with @entity7278 showed significant more @entity548 sites than the other three groups (p<0.05). Moreover, @entity1 from the NWCP and OPH showed similar @entity19537 percentages, as well as OPH group showed more @entity548 sites than the NWPH group (p<0.05). The OPH group showed similar levels of @entity1254 and @entity1243 than the OCP group, but significantly higher than the NWPH and NWCP groups(p<0.05). MLR analyses showed that @entity28 was positively associated with the percentage of sites with @entity548 on probing, with an odds ratio of 0.93 (95% confidence interval: -0.88, - 0.98; p=0.012). CONCLUSIONS: The serum levels of @entity1254 , @entity1243 and @entity310 were not influenced by @entity7278 . @entity28 @entity1 showed almost 10% more sites with @entity19537 . In @entity7278 @entity1 , @entity28 subjects presented significant more @entity19537 sites than @entity353 subjects. Key words: @entity2521 , @entity28 , @entity32 , @entity1254 , @entity1243 .

title: @entity1254 , @entity1243 and @entity310 serum levels in @entity28 and XXXX Peruvian adults with and without @entity7278 .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['NW', 'normal weight']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['Obese', 'obese', 'obesity']

entities_list: @entity7278 :: ('MESH:D055113', 'Disease') :: ['CP', 'chronic periodontitis']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity2521 :: ('MESH:D010518', 'Disease') :: ['Periodontitis', 'periodontitis']

answer: @entity353 :: (MESH:D015431,Disease) :: ['normal weight']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytologic features of @entity1558 and to determine the efficacy of FNA cytology in the diagnosis of these lesions. STUDY DESIGN: During a five-year period (July 1988-June 1993), 188 males with breast lesions were investigated by fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). Slides were available for review in 185 of these cases. RESULTS: @entity247 was the most common lesion (132 cases), followed by @entity5 (16 cases), @entity189 (6 cases) and inflammatory lesions (5 cases). In 26 cases the smears were considered inadequate. The cytologic features of @entity247 included cohesive sheets of bland cells (100.0% of cases), bipolar bare nuclei (76.5%) and columnar cells (38.6%). Mild nuclear atypia was observed in seven cases. The cytologic features consisted of dyshesive groups of ductular cells with moderate to severe nuclear atypia and absence of bare nuclei as well as columnar cells. The @entity5 included @entity75 (10 cases), spindle cell @entity5 (3 cases) and epidermal inclusion/ @entity4890 (3 cases). Histology was done in 25 cases. Diagnostic accuracy of FNAC for @entity247 , @entity5 and @entity5 was 100.0%, 100.0% and 66.7%, respectively. The only discrepant case was a @entity189 , diagnosed as highly suspicious on the cytologic specimen.

title: Fine needle aspiration cytology diagnosis of XXXX . A study of 185 cases.

entities_list: @entity4890 :: ('MESH:D004814', 'Disease') :: ['pilar cysts']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['benign tumors and cysts', 'benign tumors', 'malignancy', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['lipomatous lesions']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity247 :: ('MESH:D006177', 'Disease') :: ['Gynecomastia', 'gynecomastia']

entities_list: @entity1558 :: ('MESH:D001941', 'Disease') :: ['male breast lesions']

answer: @entity1558 :: (MESH:D001941,Disease) :: ['male breast lesions']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Because no adequate randomized trials have compared active treatment modalities for @entity263 , the authors analyzed risk-adjusted, @entity5 -specific mortality outcomes among @entity1 who underwent radical prostatectomy, @entity1 who received external-beam radiation therapy, and @entity1 who received primary @entity342 -deprivation therapy. METHODS: The Cancer of the Prostate Strategic Urologic Research Endeavor (CaPSURE) registry comprises @entity1 from 40 urologic practice sites who are followed prospectively under uniform protocols, regardless of treatment. In the current study, 7538 @entity1 with localized disease were analyzed. @entity263 risk was assessed using the Kattan preoperative nomogram and the Cancer of the Prostate Risk Assessment (CAPRA) score, both well validated instruments that are calculated from clinical data at the time of diagnosis. A parametric survival model was constructed to compare outcomes across treatments adjusting for risk and age. RESULTS: In total, 266 @entity1 died of @entity263 during follow-up. Adjusting for age and risk, the hazard ratio for @entity5 -specific mortality relative to prostatectomy was 2.21 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.50-3.24) for radiation therapy and 3.22 (95% CI, 2.16-4.81) for @entity342 deprivation. Absolute differences between prostatectomy and radiation therapy were small for @entity1 at low risk but increased substantially for @entity1 at intermediate and high risk. These results were robust to a variety of different analytic techniques, including competing risks regression analysis, adjustment by CAPRA score rather than Kattan score, and examination of overall survival as the endpoint. CONCLUSIONS: Prostatectomy for @entity263 was associated with a significant and substantial reduction in mortality relative to radiation therapy and @entity342 -deprivation monotherapy. Although this was not a randomized study, given the multiple adjustments and sensitivity analyses, it is unlikely that unmeasured confounding would account for the large observed differences in survival.

title: Comparative risk-adjusted mortality outcomes after primary surgery, radiotherapy, or XXXX -deprivation therapy for @entity263 .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['localized prostate cancer', 'prostate cancer', 'Prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen']

answer: @entity342 :: (CHEBI:50113,Chemical) :: ['androgen']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Persistent type 2 endoleaks (PT2, present >or=6 months) after @entity439 repair (EVAR) are associated with adverse outcomes. This study evaluated the preoperative risk factors and natural history of PT2 in order to define a population at high risk. METHODS: From January 1999 to December 2007, 595 of 832 EVAR @entity1 had long-term computed tomography follow-up and comprised the study cohort. Preoperative anatomic and clinical variables were correlated with PT2 using Cox regression. Composite hazard ratios (HRs) were constructed with clusters of high-risk preoperative variables. Primary end points, including spontaneous resolution, sac enlargement >5 mm, and freedom from reintervention, were evaluated using Kaplan-Meier analysis. RESULTS: There were 136 PT2 @entity1 (23%) with a median follow-up of 34.8 months (range, 6.4-121.2 months). Positive predictive factors included @entity7244 (IMA; HR, 4.00; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.62-9.90; P = .003), increasing number of patent lumbar arteries (HR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.10-1.41; P = .0006), increasing age (HR, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.01-1.06; P = .005), and increasing luminal diameter on CT-contrast opacified lumen (HR, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.02-1.05; P = .0001). During follow-up, spontaneous PT2 resolution occurred in 34 @entity1 (25%), sac diameter remained stable in 63 (46%), and @entity397 occurred in 2 (1.5%). Kaplan-Meier analysis estimated that 35.2% +/- 5.6% (95% CI, 23.8%-46.2%) of PT2 resolve spontaneously at 5 years after the index procedure. Freedom from sac enlargement >5 mm was 54.6% +/- 7.2% (95% CI, 40.6%-69.4%) at 5 years. Fifty-nine reinterventions were performed in 39 @entity1 with PT2. Freedom from reintervention was 67.3% +/- 5.0% (95% CI, 57.0%-77.0%) at 5 years. The combination of a patent IMA and one risk factor of more than six patent lumbar arteries, maximum luminal diameter >30 mm, or age >70 years increased the odds of PT2 approximately ninefold. The combination of a patent IMA and any two risk factors increased the odds of PT2 approximately 18-fold. CONCLUSIONS: Several readily identifiable preoperative variables are associated with PT2 whose natural history was benign in but 35% of @entity1 . On the basis of the composite high-risk HRs, there is accordingly a cohort of @entity1 in whom perioperative interventions to preclude PT2 should be considered.

title: Preoperative variables predict persistent type 2 endoleak after XXXX repair.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['endovascular aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity7244 :: ('MESH:D020765', 'Disease') :: ['patent inferior mesenteric artery']

answer: @entity439 :: (MESH:D000783,Disease) :: ['endovascular aneurysm']


abstract: The experiments have been carried out on the adenohypophyses of 20 sand @entity35 (6 so called protodiabetic, 6 @entity6 animals and 8 animals as control group). Of those cell types known in hypophyses alpha-(STH-)cells, @entity3695 (LTH-)cells, beta-(FSH-) cells, gamma-(LH-)cells and delta-(TSH-)cells were shown to exist in the hypophyses of the control group. -- The size of the granula of these cell types in the sand @entity35 also corresponds to the values known from other rodents. A reduction of granular density could be noticed in the alpha-cells of the so called protodiabetic group as well as in the @entity3695 cells. The Golgi apparatus is prominent, and the mitochondria have grown and multiplied. The other cell types show no peculiarities. Changes were also found in the alpha- and @entity3695 cells of the @entity6 group: The granula are diminished very much (more in the @entity3695 cells than in the alpha-cells), the ergastoplasm is much increased and has dense colonies of ribosomes. The Golgi apparatus is highly developed. These experiments prove ultrastructural changes in the cell types of the adenohypophyses not only in the state of @entity6 in sand @entity35 but also during adaptation to laboratory holding of these animals. It is suggested that during adaptation to laboratory holding in a state of pronounced increase of body weight and in the state of @entity6 in sand @entity35 the alpha-cells of the adenohypophyses are stimulated as well as the @entity3695 cells.

title: Electron-microscopical investigations on adenohypophyses in sand @entity35 (Psammomys obesus) before manifestation of XXXX ).

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['a mellitus-like syndrome', 'diabetic']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes mellitus']


abstract: @entity172 receptor-related receptor alpha ( @entity6216 ) is an orphan member of the nuclear receptor superfamily of transcription factors. @entity6216 is highly expressed in the prostate, especially in prostate stromal cells. However, little is known about the regulation and function of @entity6216 , which may contribute to the progression of @entity4623 . We previously found that @entity1421 ( @entity1421 ) up-regulated the expression of aromatase in prostate stromal cells. Here we show that @entity1421 also up-regulates the expression of @entity6216 , which, as a transcription factor, further mediates the regulatory effects of @entity1421 on the expression of aromatase. @entity6216 expression was up-regulated by @entity1421 in prostate stromal cell line WPMY-1, which was mediated mainly through the protein kinase A signaling pathway by @entity1421 receptor @entity7701 . Suppression of @entity6216 activity by @entity1303 (an antagonist of @entity6216 ) or small interfering RNA knockdown of @entity6216 blocked the increase of expression and promoter activity of aromatase induced by @entity1421 . Overexpression of @entity6216 significantly increased aromatase expression and promoter activity, which were further augmented by @entity1421 . Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay demonstrated that @entity6216 directly bound to the aromatase promoter in vivo, and @entity1421 enhanced the recruitment of @entity6216 and promoted transcriptional regulatory effects on aromatase expression in WPMY-1. @entity53 concentration in WPMY-1 medium was up-regulated by @entity6216 expression, and that was further increased by @entity1421 . Our results provided evidence that @entity6216 contributed to local @entity172 production by up-regulating aromatase expression in response to @entity1421 and provided further insights into the potential role of @entity6216 in @entity172 -related @entity4623 .

title: XXXX receptor-related receptor alpha mediates up-regulation of aromatase expression by @entity1421 in prostate stromal cells.

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen', 'Estrogen']

entities_list: @entity1421 :: ('MESH:D015232', 'Chemical') :: ['PGE2', 'prostaglandin E2']

entities_list: @entity1303 :: ('MESH:D002706', 'Chemical') :: ['chlordane']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['17Beta-estradiol']

entities_list: @entity4623 :: ('MESH:D011469', 'Disease') :: ['prostatic diseases']

answer: @entity172 :: (MESH:D004967,Chemical) :: ['Estrogen']


abstract: The adult @entity649 was induced in @entity1707 (n = 11) by a continuous infusion of @entity526 endotoxin in order to evaluate the use of radiographic videodensitometry and chest radiography for assessment of pulmonary circulation and @entity4 . A further aim was to determine the effect of an ionic contrast medium, Urografin 60%, on extravascular lung water (EVLW). The infusion resulted in a decline in arterial @entity26 tension. Mean pulmonary arterial pressure increased, and cardiac output decreased, resulting in a marked rise in pulmonary vascular resistance. EVLW increased moderately. The corresponding variables in control animals (saline infusion; n = 5) changed very little. Good correlations were found (r = 0.87-1.0) between absolute flows as measured by the thermodilution technique and relative flows as determined by videodensitometry in animals with @entity358 . In the endotoxin group there was a significant correlation (r = 0.75) between the change in EVLW from baseline to the final measurement (at 6 hours) and the corresponding change in radiographic density. Radiographic signs of @entity358 were sparse. Only 3 of 11 animals displayed increased radiographic density of the lung parenchyma indicative of @entity4 . Pleural effusion developed in 4 animals. Injection of Urografin 60%, 1 ml X kg-1, caused a slight but significant decrease in EVLW. We propose that at this concentration and dosage the contrast medium acts mainly as an osmotic diuretic.

title: Videodensitometry and chest radiography in the evaluation of pulmonary blood flow and XXXX in a porcine model of early adult @entity649 .

entities_list: @entity649 :: ('MESH:D012128', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory distress syndrome']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary oedema']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary damage']

answer: @entity4 :: (MESH:D004487,Disease) :: ['pulmonary oedema']


abstract: This study was undertaken to compare the outcomes of living donor renal transplant recipients using @entity298 ( @entity298 ) and hemodialysis (HD) as a bridge modality for renal replacement therapy till renal transplantation. The demographic profiles of the recipients and donors, the @entity1 ' native @entity8 ( @entity6 versus non- @entity6 ), duration on dialysis, requirement of anti- @entity101 drugs, number of blood transfusions, human leukocyte antigen (HLA) mismatch status, pre- and post-transplant infectious complications, and post-transplant outcomes of @entity1 were compared between the two groups. The demographic features of the study @entity1 were similar in the two groups. The duration of dialysis prior to transplant was significantly longer in the @entity298 group than in the HD group of patients. The anti- @entity101 drug requirement was lower and the hemoglobin level and residual urine volume at the time of transplant were relatively better in the @entity298 @entity1 compared to the HD @entity1 . The number of acute rejection episodes, delayed graft function, surgical complications, glomerular filtration rate at one month and at the last follow-up, were also similar in both groups. The short-term and long-term graft survival was similar in both groups of @entity1 . The one-, two-, five-, and eight-year death-censored graft survival rates of the @entity298 @entity1 were 98, 95, 85, and 73%, respectively, and in the HD group of @entity1 , they were 100, 93, 84, and 79%, respectively. The one-, two-, five-, and eight-year @entity1 survival rates in the @entity298 group were 97, 92, 77, and 66%, respectively, and in the HD group, they were 97, 92, 79, and 69%, respectively. Our study suggests that the outcomes of the living donor renal allograft recipients did not differ between the groups of @entity1 who used @entity298 or HD as renal replacement therapy prior to renal transplantation.

title: Do the outcomes of living donor renal allograft recipients differ with XXXX and hemodialysis as a bridge renal replacement therapy?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['peritoneal dialysis', 'PD']

answer: @entity298 :: (MESH:D010538,Disease) :: ['peritoneal dialysis']


abstract: @entity792 is one of the leading causes of @entity1939 . We here investigated whether intraperitoneal administration of @entity1 mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (hMSCs) might prevent development of experimental autoimmune @entity1596 (EAU) in @entity19 . Time course study showed that the number of IFN-y- or @entity636 -expressing @entity1961 (+) T cells was increased in draining lymph nodes (DLNs) on the postimmunization day 7 and decreased thereafter. The retinal structure was severely disrupted on day 21. An intraperitoneal injection of hMSCs at the time of immunization protected the retina from damage and suppressed the levels of proinflammatory cytokines in the eye. Analysis of DLNs on day 7 showed that hMSCs decreased the number of @entity630 and Th17 cells. The hMSCs did not reduce the levels of @entity635 , @entity777 , IL-12, and @entity14293 which are the cytokines that drive @entity630 /Th17 differentiation. Also, hMSCs did not induce @entity1961 (+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) cells. However, hMSCs increased the level of an immunoregulatory cytokine @entity1618 and the population of @entity1618 -expressing B220(+)CD19(+) cells. Together, data demonstrate that hMSCs attenuate EAU by suppressing @entity630 /Th17 cells and induce @entity1618 -expressing B220(+)CD19(+) cells. Our results support suggestions that hMSCs may offer a therapy for @entity792 mediated by @entity630 /Th17 responses.

title: Intraperitoneal infusion of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells prevents experimental autoimmune @entity1596 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1939 :: ('MESH:D001766', 'Disease') :: ['blindness']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['Autoimmune uveitis', 'autoimmune diseases']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To examine the role of microsystem characteristics in the translation of an evidence-based intervention (the @entity6 Prevention Initiative (DPI)) into practice in a @entity497 ( @entity497 ). DESIGN: Case study. ANALYSIS: Constant comparative method of qualitative analysis. SETTING: Community-health centre in a mid-sized city in the USA. @entity1 : 27 administrators, clinicians and staff of a @entity497 implementing a DPI. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Perceptions of microsystem characteristics that influence the implementation of this initiative. RESULTS: Five characteristics of high-performing microsystems were reflected, but not maximised, in the implementation of the DPI. First, there was no universally shared definition of the desired purpose of the DPI. Second, investment in quality improvement (QI) was strong, yet sustainability remained a concern, since efforts were dependent upon external grant support. Third, lack of cohesiveness between the initiative planning team and the rest of the organisation served to both facilitate and constrain implementation. Fourth, administrators showed both support for new initiatives and a lack of strategic vision for QI. Fifth, this initiative substantially strained already-stretched role definitions. CONCLUSIONS: Translation of the DPI in this @entity497 was constrained by the lack of a cohesive QI infrastructure and incomplete alignment with characteristics of high-performing microsystems. The findings suggest an important role for microsystem characteristics in the process of implementing evidence-based interventions. Enhancing the level of microsystem performance of CHCs is essential to informing efforts to improve quality of care in this critical safety-net system.

title: Quality improvement in community health centres: the role of microsystem characteristics in the implementation of a XXXX prevention initiative.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity497 :: ('MESH:D003147', 'Disease') :: ['community-health centre', 'CHC']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetes']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']


abstract: @entity8 ( @entity8 ) is a common cause of @entity1985 in adults. Recent clinical studies established that >70% of @entity1 with idiopathic (also called primary) @entity8 (IMN) possess circulating autoantibodies targeting the M-type @entity3900 receptor-1 ( @entity8164 ) on the surface of glomerular visceral epithelial cells (podocytes). In situ, these autoantibodies trigger the formation of immune complexes, which are hypothesized to cause enhanced glomerular permeability to plasma proteins. Indeed, the level of autoantibody in circulation correlates with the severity of @entity644 in @entity1 . The autoantibody only recognizes the nonreduced form of @entity8164 , suggesting that @entity1520 bonds determine the antigenic epitope conformation. Here, we identified the immunodominant epitope region in @entity8164 by probing isolated truncated @entity8164 extracellular domains with sera from @entity1 with IMN that contain anti- @entity8164 autoantibodies. Patient sera specifically recognized a protein complex consisting of the @entity462 -rich (CysR), fibronectin-like type II (FnII), and C-type lectin-like domain 1 (CTLD1) domains of @entity8164 only under nonreducing conditions. Moreover, absence of either the CysR or CTLD1 domain prevented autoantibody recognition of the remaining domains. Additional analysis suggested that this three-domain complex contains at least one @entity1520 bond required for conformational configuration and autoantibody binding. Notably, the three-domain complex completely blocked the reactivity of autoantibodies from @entity1 sera with the full-length @entity8164 , and the reactivity of @entity1 sera with the three-domain complex on immunoblots equaled the reactivity with full-length @entity8164 . These results indicate that the immunodominant epitope in @entity8164 is exclusively located in the CysR-FnII-CTLD1 region.

title: Identification of the Immunodominant Epitope Region in XXXX Receptor-Mediating Autoantibody Binding in @entity8 .

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['Membranous nephropathy', 'MN']

entities_list: @entity462 :: ('MESH:D003545', 'Chemical') :: ['cysteine']

entities_list: @entity1520 :: ('CHEBI:48343', 'Chemical') :: ['disulfide']

entities_list: @entity1985 :: ('MESH:D009404', 'Disease') :: ['nephrotic syndrome']

answer: @entity3900 :: (151056,Gene) :: ['Phospholipase A2']


abstract: There is a pressing need for @entity1 -derived cell models of @entity75 that are relevant and robust enough to produce the large quantities of cells required for molecular and functional analyses. We describe here a new cell model based on @entity1 -derived cells from the @entity1 olfactory mucosa, the organ of smell, which regenerates throughout life from neural stem cells. Olfactory mucosa biopsies were obtained from healthy controls and @entity1 with either @entity161 , a @entity245 , or @entity191 , a @entity179 . Biopsies were dissociated and grown as neurospheres in defined medium. Neurosphere-derived cell lines were grown in serum-containing medium as adherent monolayers and stored frozen. By comparing 42 @entity1 and control cell lines we demonstrated significant disease-specific alterations in gene expression, protein expression and cell function, including dysregulated @entity245 in @entity161 and dysregulated mitochondrial function, oxidative stress and xenobiotic metabolism in @entity191 . The study has identified new candidate genes and cell pathways for future investigation. Fibroblasts from @entity161 @entity1 did not show these differences. Olfactory neurosphere-derived cells have many advantages over embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells as models for @entity75 . They do not require genetic reprogramming and they can be obtained from adults with @entity74 . They will be useful for understanding disease aetiology, for diagnostics and for drug discovery.

title: Disease-specific, neurosphere-derived cells as models for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain diseases']

entities_list: @entity245 :: ('MESH:D002658', 'Disease') :: ['neurodevelopmental psychiatric disorder', 'neurodevelopmental pathways']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease"]

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['neurodegenerative disease']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['complex genetic diseases']

answer: @entity75 :: (MESH:D001927,Disease) :: ['brain disorders']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: @entity2614 is often used in pediatric anesthesia and is associated with high incidence of @entity2146 . In such cases, @entity6948 ( @entity9170 ) has been used, but its benefit and implications remain uncertain. We assessed the effects of @entity9170 on @entity2146 in @entity1 undergoing general anesthesia with @entity2614 . METHOD: Meta-analysis of randomized clinical and double-blind studies, with @entity1 undergoing elective procedures under general anesthesia with @entity2614 , using @entity9170 or placebo. We sought articles in English in PubMed database using the following terms: @entity6948 , @entity2614 ( @entity16072 /sevoflurante), and @entity2146 (Psychomotor Agitation). Duplicate articles with @entity1 who received premedication and used active control were excluded. It was adopted random effects model with DerSimonian-Laird testing and odds ratio (OR) calculation for dichotomous variables, and standardized mean difference for continuous variables, with their respective 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS: Of 146 studies identified, 10 were selected totaling 558 @entity1 (282 in @entity9170 group and 276 controls). The use of @entity9170 was considered a protective factor for @entity2146 (OR=0.17; 95% CI 0.13-0.23; p<0.0001) and @entity390 and @entity391 in @entity16073 (OR=0.49; 95% CI 0.35-0.68; p<0.0001). Wake-up time and @entity16073 discharge time were higher in the @entity6948 group. There was no difference between groups for extubation time and duration of anesthesia. CONCLUSION: @entity6948 reduces @entity2146 during wake-up time of @entity1 undergoing general anesthesia with @entity2614 .

title: Effect of XXXX in @entity1 undergoing general anesthesia with @entity2614 : a meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity16072 :: ('MESH:D008738', 'Chemical') :: ['Methyl Ethers']

entities_list: @entity2146 :: ('MESH:D011595', 'Disease') :: ['psychomotor agitation', 'agitation']

entities_list: @entity2614 :: ('MESH:C009250', 'Chemical') :: ['sevoflurane', 'Sevoflurane']

entities_list: @entity6948 :: ('MESH:D020927', 'Chemical') :: ['dexmedetomidine', 'Dexmedetomidine']

answer: @entity6948 :: (MESH:D020927,Chemical) :: ['dexmedetomidine']


abstract: @entity3667 promastigote surface antigen-2 complex (PSA-2) comprises a family of three similar but distinct polypeptides. The three PSA-2 polypeptides were purified from cultured promastigotes by a combination of detergent phase separation and monoclonal antibody affinity chromatography. Intraperitoneal vaccination of C3H/He @entity19 with PSA-2 with Corynebacterium parvum as an adjuvant resulted in complete protection from lesion development after @entity281 with virulent @entity3667 . Significant protection was also obtained in the genetically susceptible BALB/cH-2k and BALB/c @entity19 . One of the PSA-2 genes was cloned and expressed in both @entity526 and @entity3667 mexicana promastigotes. Vaccination with the recombinant PSA-2 purified from @entity526 did not confer protection, in contrast to the L. mexicana-derived recombinant PSA-2, which provided excellent protection. @entity1961 + T cells isolated from the spleens of vaccinated @entity19 produced large amounts of gamma interferon but no detectable @entity58 upon stimulation with PSA-2 in vitro. Limiting dilution analysis showed a marked increase in the precursor frequency of PSA-2-specific gamma interferon-secreting @entity1961 + T cells. No substantial change in precursor frequency was observed for @entity58 -secreting T cells in the vaccinated @entity19 . A @entity1961 + @entity19 specific T-cell line generated from splenocytes of a vaccinated @entity19 produces a cytokine pattern consistent with a @entity630 phenotype. Intravenous injection of this line into naive @entity19 reduced significantly the parasite burden upon @entity281 . Taken together, the data suggest that vaccination with PSA-2 induces a @entity630 type of immune response which protects @entity19 from @entity3667 @entity281 . Moreover, a single recombinant PSA-2 polypeptide derived from a genomic clone can also vaccinate, provided that the structural form of the antigen is near native.

title: Protective vaccination with promastigote surface antigen 2 from @entity3667 is mediated by a XXXX type of immune response.

entities_list: @entity3667 :: ('5664', 'Species') :: ['L. major', 'Leishmania', 'Leishmania major']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['challenge infection', 'infection']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli', 'E. coli']

answer: @entity630 :: (57314(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['TH1']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although endoscopic resection for early @entity356 (EGC) is increasingly available, it has not been determined whether indications for endoscopic resection are equally acceptable for multiple EGCs. OBJECTIVE: To compare the various clinicopathologic factors and risk of @entity1600 ( @entity1600 ) @entity3 between multiple and solitary EGCs. DESIGN: Case-control study. SETTING: University hospital. @entity1 : This study involved 1717 @entity1 with 156 multiple and 1561 solitary EGCs. INTERVENTION: Gastrectomy with @entity1600 dissection. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: Incidence of @entity1600 @entity3 . RESULTS: In multiple EGCs, main lesions had larger @entity5 size and deeper invasion depth than the accessory lesions (P < .001). The clinicopathologic features of multiple EGCs were similar to those of solitary EGCs with respect to @entity5 size, depth of invasion, @entity3 , and incidence of @entity1600 @entity3 . Importantly, the risk of @entity1600 @entity3 in multiple EGCs that met the indication criteria for endoscopic resection was not significantly different from that in solitary EGCs. @entity5 meeting conventional indications for endoscopic resection had no risk of @entity1600 @entity3 , whereas @entity5 meeting expanded indications showed a similar risk of @entity1600 @entity3 in the two groups. In multiple EGCs, @entity5 size >= 3 cm and @entity3 were independent risk factors of @entity1600 @entity3 . LIMITATIONS: Small number of @entity1 with multiple EGCs studied. CONCLUSION: Multiple EGCs had clinicopathologic characteristics and risk of @entity1600 @entity3 similar to those of solitary EGCs. Endoscopic resection may be adopted as curative treatment for multiple EGCs that meet indications for endoscopic resection. Further studies are needed to verify the present study results.

title: Lymph node XXXX in multiple synchronous early @entity356 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'lymphovascular invasion']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['metastasis']


abstract: The clinical and haemodynamic significance of the subaortic pressure gradient in @entity1 with muscular ( @entity1184 ) @entity475 ( @entity1121 ) has long been debated. In this report we summarize the evidence which indicates that true obstruction to left ventricular outflow exists in these @entity1 . Rapid left ventricular ejection, through an outflow tract narrowed by @entity123 , results in Venturi forces causing systolic anterior motion of the anterior (or posterior) mitral leaflets. Mitral leaflet-septal contact results in obstruction to outflow and the accompanying @entity339 . The time of onset of mitral leaflet-septal contact determines the magnitude of the pressure gradient and the severity of the @entity339 , as well as the degree of prolongation of left ventricular ejection time and the percentage of left @entity64 that is ejected in the presence of an obstructive pressure gradient. Early and prolonged mitral leaflet-septal contact results in a large pressure gradient, significant @entity339 , as well as dramatic prolongation of the ejection time and a large percentage of left @entity64 being obstructed. Late and short mitral leaflet-septal contact results in little haemodynamic perturbation. @entity1121 @entity1 with obstructive pressure gradients are significantly more symptomatic than those without. Thus the obstructive pressure gradients in @entity1121 are of clinical as well as haemodynamic significance. To deny the existence of obstruction to outflow in @entity1 with muscular @entity475 is to deny these @entity1 appropriate medical and surgical therapy.

title: Muscular ( @entity1184 ) XXXX ( @entity1121 ): the evidence for true obstruction to left ventricular outflow.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular stroke volume']

entities_list: @entity339 :: ('MESH:D008944', 'Disease') :: ['mitral regurgitation']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophic']

entities_list: @entity475 :: ('MESH:C564793', 'Disease') :: ['subaortic stenosis']

entities_list: @entity123 :: ('MESH:D024741', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular septal hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity1121 :: ('MESH:D002312', 'Disease') :: ['Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy', 'hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy', 'hypertrophic cardiomyopathy']

answer: @entity475 :: (MESH:C564793,Disease) :: ['subaortic stenosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Surgical revascularization employing bilateral internal mammary arteries (IMAs) is an excellent procedure in elective surgery, but its role in urgent/emergent procedures is still debating. This retrospective study evaluates the feasibility, safety and surgical early outcomes of employing double skeletonized IMAs in @entity1 with @entity1459 ( @entity1459 ) undergoing urgent/emergent revascularization. METHODS: From January 1997 to May 2004, 824 @entity1 (491 males, 333 females, mean age 64 +/- 12 years) underwent urgent revascularization for @entity1459 . Bilateral IMAs were employed in 346 (42%) @entity1 (group B) and isolated and/or saphenous vein grafts in the remaining 478 (58%) @entity1 (group M). There were no significant differences in preoperative risk factors between the two groups (mean EuroSCORE value). RESULTS: Postoperative stay was free from complications in 87% of @entity1 of group B and 91% of group M. In-hospital mortality (group B 5.9%, group M 5.3%, p = NS) and perioperative @entity583 (group B 2.2%, group M 1.96%, p = NS), mean coronary care unit stay and total hospital stay were similar in both groups. Actuarial survival at 1, 3, 5 and 7 years was respectively 98.7, 97.5, 96.9 and 96.1% in group B and 99, 93.4, 92.1 and 88.4% in group M (p < 0.05). At a mean follow-up of 6.6 years the event-free survival (p = 0.021) and reoperation-free cardiac survival (p = 0.003) were better in group B. Multivariate analysis identified that age > 65 years (p = 0.01), @entity712 (p = 0.001), left ventricular ejection fraction < 35% (p = 0.03), and > 1 ischemic irreversible area (p = 0.02) are negative predictors for reoperation-free cardiac survival. The employment of the left IMA (p = 0.006) and of both IMAs (p = 0.001) were positive predictors for the overall survival and reoperation-free cardiac survival. CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that the use of skeletonized bilateral IMAs is associated with an acceptable risk and a lower incidence of @entity260 in @entity1 with @entity1459 , improving late outcomes in this group of @entity1 .

title: [Use of skeletonized double mammary arteries for emergency/urgency myocardial revascularization in XXXX : technical aspects and long-term outcome].

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity1459 :: ('MESH:D000789', 'Disease') :: ['UA', 'unstable angina']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity1459 :: (MESH:D000789,Disease) :: ['unstable angina']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity532 , including @entity989 and @entity8 are seen with type 1 @entity6 . It is unknown whether functional changes in aqueous humor flow or intraocular pressure (IOP) develop in parallel with these complications. This study was designed to test the hypothesis that clinical markers of microvascular complications coexist with the alteration in aqueous humor flow and IOP. METHODS: Ten @entity1 with type 1 @entity6 and ten healthy age- and weight-matched controls were studied. Aqueous flow was measured by fluorophotometry during a @entity1717 (insulin 2 mU/kg/min). Intraocular pressure was measured by tonometry at -10, 90 and 240 minutes from the start of the clamp, and outflow facility was measured by tonography at 240 minutes. RESULTS: During conditions of identical @entity413 and insulin concentrations, mean aqueous flow was lower by 0.58 microl/min in the @entity6 group compared to controls (2.58 +/- 0.65 versus 3.16 +/- 0.66 microl/min, respectively, mean +/- SD, p = 0.07) but statistical significance was not reached. Before the clamp, IOP was higher in the @entity6 group (22.6 +/- 3.0 mm Hg) than in the control group (19.3 +/- 1.8 mm Hg, p = 0.01) but at 90 minutes into the clamp, and for the remainder of the study, IOP was reduced in the @entity6 group to the level of the control group. Ocular pulse amplitude and outflow facility were not different between groups. Systolic blood pressure was significantly higher in the @entity6 group, but diastolic and mean arterial pressures were not different. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that compared to healthy @entity1 , @entity1 with type 1 @entity6 having microalbuminuria and @entity989 have higher IOPs that are normalized by @entity3190 . During the clamp, a reduction in aqueous flow was not statistically significant.

title: Intraocular pressure and aqueous humor flow during a XXXX in @entity1 with type 1 diabetes and microvascular complications.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['nephropathy']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity532 :: ('MESH:D003925', 'Disease') :: ['Microvascular complications']

entities_list: @entity1717 :: ('MESH:D044903', 'Disease') :: ['hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp']

entities_list: @entity3190 :: ('MESH:D006946', 'Disease') :: ['hyperinsulinemia']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['retinopathy']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity1717 :: (MESH:D044903,Disease) :: ['euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp']


abstract: @entity2533 ( @entity2533 ) promotes tissue @entity82 via the receptor-specific Smad pathway and non-canonical pathways. We recently reported that @entity2533 -stimulated collagen expression by cultured kidney cells requires integrin-dependent activation of @entity3818 ( @entity3818 ) and consequent @entity3963 MAP kinase activity leading to @entity7379 linker region phosphorylation. Here, we defined a role for avb3-integrin in this non-canonical pathway. A @entity1 kidney tubular cell line in which b1-integrin was knocked down (b1-k/d) demonstrated enhanced type I collagen mRNA expression and promoter activity. A second shRNA to either av-integrin or b3-integrin, but not to another av-binding partner, b6-integrin, abrogated the enhanced @entity4173 promoter activity in b1-k/d cells. Although avb3-integrin surface expression levels were not different, avb3-integrins colocalized with sites of focal adhesion significantly more in b1-k/d cells, and activated avb3-integrin was detected only in b1-k/d cells. Further, the collagen response was decreased by a function-blocking antibody or a peptide inhibitor of avb3-integrin. In cells lacking avb3-integrin, the responses were attenuated, whereas the response was enhanced in avb3-overexpressing cells. @entity5180 and @entity3963 , previously defined mediators for this non-canonical pathway, showed increased activities in b1-k/d cells. Finally, inhibition of avb3-integrin decreased @entity5180 activity and @entity4173 promoter activity in b1-k/d cells. Together, our results indicate that decreasing b1 chain causes avb3-integrin to become functionally dominant and promotes renal cell fibrogenesis via @entity5180 -mediated @entity3963 activity.

title: Loss of beta1-integrin enhances @entity2533 -induced collagen expression in epithelial cells via increased alphavbeta3-integrin and XXXX activity.

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity2533 :: ('7040', 'Gene') :: ['Transforming growth factor b', 'TGF-b', 'TGF-b1']

entities_list: @entity3818 :: ('5747', 'Gene') :: ['FAK', 'focal adhesion kinase']

answer: @entity5180 :: (5879,Gene) :: ['Rac1']


abstract: 1. A molecular sieve membrane was used to separate active dimer vs active tetramer fractions of M4-LDH and H4-LDH. 2. Dissociation of both enzymes was influenced by enzyme protein concentration and by the concentration of added substrates, @entity2388 or @entity880 . 3. Increasing @entity880 concentrations increased the fraction of tetrameric enzyme whereas increasing @entity2388 (up to saturating levels) had the opposite effect, raising the content of dimer fraction. 4. For H4-LDH, levels of @entity2388 that caused substrate inhibition reversed the effect of lower concentrations of @entity2388 and reduced the dimer content. 5. The data suggest that dissociation-association of LDH may have functional importance, the dimer having a preferential role in @entity2388 reduction and the tetramer a preferred function in @entity880 oxidation.

title: Dissociation-association of XXXX dehydrogenase isozymes: influences on the formation of tetramers versus dimers of M4-LDH and H4-LDH.

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity2388 :: ('MESH:D019289', 'Chemical') :: ['pyruvate']

answer: @entity880 :: (MESH:D019344,Chemical) :: ['lactate']