abstract: @entity715 after liver transplantation is a devastating event requiring emergency retransplantation in most @entity1 . Early clinical signs are often nonspecific. Before duplex sonography (combined real-time and pulsed Doppler) capability was acquired in October 1984, 76% of all transplants in this institution referred for angiography with a clinical suspicion of @entity715 had patent arteries. In an effort to reduce the number of negative angiograms, CT, real-time sonography, and pulsed Doppler have been evaluated as screening examinations to determine which @entity1 need angiography. Of 14 @entity1 with focal inhomogeneity of the liver architecture detected by CT and/or real-time sonography, 12 (86%) had @entity715 , one had slow arterial flow with @entity99 , and one had a biloma with a patent hepatic artery. In 29 @entity1 undergoing duplex sonography of the hepatic artery, six (21%) had absence of a Doppler arterial pulse. All six had abnormal angiograms: Four had @entity715 , one had a significant @entity850 , and one had slow flow with biopsy-proven @entity63 . Of 23 @entity1 with a Doppler pulse, two had @entity715 at surgery. However, real-time sonography demonstrated focal inhomogeneity in the liver in both cases. Our data demonstrate that pulsed @entity99 combined with real-time sonography of the liver parenchyma currently is the optimal screening test for selecting @entity1 who require hepatic angiography after liver transplantation. A diagnostic algorithm is provided.

title: XXXX after liver transplantation: radiologic evaluation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['Hepatic artery thrombosis', 'thrombosis', 'hepatic artery thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['Doppler of the hepatic artery', 'hepatic necrosis']

answer: @entity715 :: (MESH:D013927,Disease) :: ['Hepatic artery thrombosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We sought to clarify the mechanism for @entity2295 by ultrasonic microbubble destruction (US/MB) and its ability to improve the function of @entity63 limbs. BACKGROUND: In tissue, US/MB can cause @entity397 , leading to angiogenesis and arteriogenesis. METHODS: Seven days after @entity2096 (day 0) in @entity19 , microbubble/ultrasound treatment was performed by intermittent insonation (1.6 MHz, mechanical index 1.1) to the @entity63 limbs after intravenous infusion of phospholipid-stabilized microbubbles BR14 (US/MB group). Effects were compared with those in untreated @entity19 with @entity63 limbs (control group). RESULTS: Immunostaining of the treated muscles revealed a greater leukocyte ( @entity8236 -positive cell) count in the US/MB group on days 3 and 7. These cells included @entity19 -positive cells (macrophages) and CD3-positive cells (T-lymphocytes), both of which were immunoreactive to @entity1611 ( @entity1611 ) antibody. Muscular @entity1611 content by Western blotting was elevated in the US/MB group on day 3, which declined but remained greater until day 21. The US/MB group showed a greater capillary density by alkaline phosphatase stain on day 7 without further increase at day 21. Surface vascularity of the muscles and blood flow were greater in the US/MB group on day 7, which further increased by day 21. Moreover, the US/MB group showed a two-fold longer treadmill time compared with the untreated control group on day 21. None of these favorable effects were observed in @entity19 treated with ultrasound only or microbubbles only. CONCLUSIONS: Ultrasonic destruction of microbubbles delivered to the @entity63 limbs can recruit inflammatory cells producing @entity1611 , which is followed by @entity2295 and functional improvement, and thus has a therapeutic potential.

title: Treatment of @entity63 limbs based on local recruitment of XXXX -producing inflammatory cells with ultrasonic microbubble destruction.

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity2295 :: ('MESH:D015861', 'Disease') :: ['neovascularization']

entities_list: @entity397 :: ('MESH:D012421', 'Disease') :: ['capillary rupture']

entities_list: @entity1611 :: ('22339(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor', 'VEGF']

entities_list: @entity2096 :: ('MESH:D020428', 'Disease') :: ['removal of the femoral artery']

answer: @entity1611 :: (22339(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: In acute @entity1129 @entity1580 , the extension of repair to downstream aorta has been controversially discussed. We present the early results of a multicenter study using a hybrid stent graft prosthesis. METHODS: Between January 2005 and January 2010, the data from 191 @entity1 after combined proximal aortic replacement and antegrade stent grafting were collected in the database of the International E-vita open Registry. Of the 191 @entity1 , 68 underwent surgery for @entity697 and were included in the present study. Hypothermic circulatory arrest and selective cerebral perfusion were routinely used. Computed aortic imaging was performed for false lumen evaluation during follow-up. RESULTS: The in-hospital mortality rate was 13% (9/68). Along the stent graft, the rate of immediate complete false lumen @entity715 was 86% (51/59) and increased during follow-up (23    17 months) to 94% (46/49). Distally, complete or partial false lumen @entity715 was initially observed in 61% (36/59) and in 82% (40/49) after follow-up. The 1- and 3-year actuarial survival rate was 82% and 74%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Extended thoracic aortic repair of @entity697 with a hybrid stent graft is feasible at acceptable early mortality and promotes false lumen @entity715 around the stent graft and below.

title: Multicenter early experience with extended aortic repair in XXXX : is simultaneous descending stent grafting justified?

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute aortic dissection']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity1580 :: ('MESH:C562834', 'Disease') :: ['aortic dissection']

answer: @entity697 :: (MESH:D000208,Disease) :: ['acute aortic dissection']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Homelessness is an increasing problem among subjects with severe mental illnesses and little is known about the characteristics of homeless subjects with @entity716 using emergency @entity146 services. The aims of the present study were to assess the frequency of @entity914 among subjects attending a @entity146 emergency service and to explore the clinical and demographic characteristics of these subjects and the management proposed by the emergency staff. METHODS: All homeless @entity1 (n=104) consecutively attending a @entity146 emergency service were included over a 6-month period. @entity1 were categorised according to ICD-10 diagnoses as presenting with @entity914 ( @entity161 and other non-affective @entity914 ) versus other disorders. A random sample of matched non-homeless controls (n=71) was included over the same period. RESULTS: Nearly one out of three homeless subjects (32.7%) presented with a @entity914 , a higher proportion than that found in non-homeless subjects (15.7%). Compared to non-homeless subjects with @entity716 , homeless subjects with @entity716 were more likely to be male and to present with @entity734 . The likelihood of being hospitalised after attending the @entity146 emergency services did not significantly differ between the two groups. Compared to homeless subjects with other @entity146 , homeless subjects with @entity716 were more likely to be single, to have a history of @entity146 hospitalisation and presented less frequently with @entity148 or @entity308 motivating admission. CONCLUSION: Most homeless subjects with @entity716 attending a @entity146 emergency service were already identified as suffering from a severe @entity1032 , suggesting that homelessness was a consequence of a break in contact with mental health services. Since homelessness is incompatible with the adequate management of @entity716 , strategies have to be developed in mental health organisations in combination with outside partnerships, to drastically reduce the frequency of this condition in subjects with @entity716 .

title: XXXX among homeless subjects attending a @entity146 emergency service.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['mental illness']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive symptoms']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric', 'psychiatric disorders']

entities_list: @entity914 :: ('MESH:D011618', 'Disease') :: ['psychotic disorder', 'psychotic disorders']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychosis']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['drug use disorder']

answer: @entity914 :: (MESH:D011618,Disease) :: ['Psychotic disorders']


abstract: In 2002 an increased number of cochlear implant related @entity693 cases was reported by the U. S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The most commonly identified causative agent was @entity328 . Although most cases of @entity693 were related to a special electrode design, the risk for post-operative @entity2506 might nonetheless be enhanced by opening of the cochlea during implantation. In the present study, a threshold model for middle ear inoculation of @entity2260 was established in the @entity840 after cochlear implantation to assess the post-operative risk of @entity693 . @entity840 were implanted unilaterally with a @entity1346 cochlear implant electrode dummy. Five weeks after implantation, animals were challenged via the middle ear with a clinically relevant strain of @entity2260 and monitored over a period of five days for signs of @entity693 . @entity693 was confirmed by clinical outcome in the animals, histological investigation of brains, as well as by pleocytosis and presence of bacteria in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). By inoculation of varying numbers of bacteria (between 1   10(4) and 1   10(9) CFU/ml in 10  l), a threshold model was established. The attack rate, pattern and onset of @entity693 depended on number of inoculated bacteria. An @entity693 rate in different experimental groups shows that greater bacterial burden leads to an increased attack rate after intratympanal inoculation. The established animal model provides a potential tool to assess the @entity693 risk after cochlear implantation. Its implementation in future studies will allow the investigation of existing and newly developed prostheses for postoperatively infection risk.

title: XXXX post cochlear implantation: development of an animal model in the @entity840 .

entities_list: @entity840 :: ('10141', 'Species') :: ['Guinea pigs', 'guinea pig']

entities_list: @entity2506 :: ('MESH:D008586', 'Disease') :: ['pneumococcal meningitis']

entities_list: @entity693 :: ('MESH:D008581', 'Disease') :: ['Meningitis', 'meningitis', 'increased meningitis']

entities_list: @entity1346 :: ('MESH:D012828', 'Chemical') :: ['silicone']

entities_list: @entity328 :: ('1313', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus pneumoniae']

answer: @entity2506 :: (MESH:D008586,Disease) :: ['Pneumococcal meningitis']


abstract: @entity901 plus @entity1487 / @entity4181 ( @entity1487 /FA) every 2 weeks has shown promising activity in advanced @entity356 . This study assessed the efficacy and safety of weekly @entity901 plus @entity1487 /FA (FUFOX regimen) in the metastatic setting. @entity1 with previously untreated metastatic @entity356 received @entity901 (50 mg m(-2)) plus FA (500 mg m(-2), 2-h infusion) followed by @entity1487 (2000 mg m(-2), 24-h infusion) given on days 1, 8, 15 and 22 of a 5-week cycle. The primary end point of this multicentre phase II study was the response rate according to RECIST criteria. A total of 48 @entity1 were enrolled. Median age was 62 years and all @entity1 had @entity3 , with a median number of three involved organs. The most common treatment-related grade 3/4 adverse events were @entity294 (17%), @entity1150 (15%), @entity1398 (8%), @entity390 (6%), @entity1398 (4%), @entity1295 (4%), @entity417 (4%), @entity5 bleeding (4%), emesis (2%), @entity299 (2%) and @entity55 (2%). Grade 1/2 @entity16 occurred in 67% of @entity1 but there were no episodes of grade 3 @entity16 . Intent-to-treat analysis showed a response rate of 54% (95% CI, 39-69%), including two complete responses. At a median follow-up of 18.1 months (range 11.2-26.2 months), median survival is 11.4 months (95% CI, 8.0-14.9 months) and the median time to progression is 6.5 months (95% CI, 3.9-9.2 months). The weekly FUFOX regimen is well tolerated and shows notable activity as first-line treatment in metastatic @entity356 .

title: Phase II study of weekly @entity901 plus infusional XXXX and @entity4181 (FUFOX regimen) as first-line treatment in metastatic @entity356 .

entities_list: @entity901 :: ('MESH:C030110', 'Chemical') :: ['oxaliplatin', 'Oxaliplatin']

entities_list: @entity4181 :: ('MESH:D002955', 'Chemical') :: ['folinic acid']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhoea']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['sensory neuropathy', 'neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity1150 :: ('MESH:D020246', 'Disease') :: ['deep vein thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia', 'febrile neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic disease']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac ischaemia']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorouracil', '5-FU']

answer: @entity1487 :: (MESH:D005472,Chemical) :: ['fluorouracil']


abstract: The treatment of drug-induced @entity137 ( @entity137 ) remains unsatisfactory. Intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIg) and intravenous @entity205 ( @entity870 ) have shown some efficacy in short series of @entity1 . We assessed the effects of IVIg and @entity870 on @entity137 lesional and apparently uninvolved skin using standard histology and immunohistochemistry. Cutaneous biopsies were taken from @entity39 and clinically uninvolved @entity137 skin at admission (D1) before any treatment, and after a 5-day treatment (D5). Two IVIg-treated @entity1 (0.75 g/kg/day), two @entity870 -treated @entity1 (5 mg/kg/day) and two control @entity1 only receiving supportive care were compared. Biopsies were examined by standard histology and immunohistochemistry using antibodies directed to @entity469 (macrophages), CD45R0 antigen (activated T lymphocytes), @entity21939 (dermal dendrocytes) and the @entity1197 receptor (apoptosis marker). The different cell densities were evaluated by computerized image analysis. The clinical outcomes with the different treatments were also recorded. There was no obvious difference in the duration of hospitalization in intensive care unit between the three groups but one @entity1 passed away in each of the IVIg- and @entity870 -groups. At D5, no differences were found between the three groups in the histological and clinical rate of re-epithelialization, and in the evolution of T lymphocyte, macrophage and dendrocyte densities in the epidermis and dermis. However, the expression of the @entity1197 receptor was similarly and strongly abated at D5 in the epidermis of IVIg- and @entity870 -treated @entity1 , while it was conversely increased in the two @entity1 under supportive care only. Such a difference was found both in @entity39 and uninvolved sites. IVIg and @entity870 treatments thus appeared to exert no obvious effect on the inflammatory infiltrate, but both abated the expression of the @entity1197 receptor in the skin of @entity137 @entity1 . This effect did not seem sufficient to fully reverse the clinical evolution of the disease. It is inferred that IVIg and @entity870 do not completely abate the @entity137 process.

title: Analytical quantification of the inflammatory cell infiltrate and CD95R expression during treatment of drug-induced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['TEN', 'toxic epidermal necrolysis']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrotic']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporin A']

answer: @entity137 :: (MESH:D064420,Disease) :: ['toxic epidermal necrolysis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity943 have been documented and linked to the high incidence of @entity944 seen in @entity1 with @entity3918 . However, their precise mechanism is unknown, and their definitive therapy remains to be established. METHODS AND RESULTS: We studied 6 consecutive @entity1 with @entity3918 and sustained @entity1165 by means of cardiac electrophysiological testing. Particular attention was paid to establish whether bundle-branch reentry was the @entity591 mechanism, and when such was the case, radiofrequency catheter ablation of either the right or left bundle branch was performed. Clinical @entity591 was inducible in all @entity1 and had a bundle-branch reentrant mechanism. In 1 @entity1 , 2 other morphologies of sustained @entity591 were also inducible, neither of which had ever been clinically documented, and both had a bundle-branch reentrant mechanism. @entity1165 was no longer inducible after bundle-branch ablation, except for a nonclinically documented and nonsustained @entity1165 in the only @entity1 who had apparent structural @entity299 . CONCLUSIONS: A high clinical suspicion of bundle-branch reentrant @entity591 is justified in @entity1 with @entity3918 who exhibit wide QRS complex @entity591 or @entity591 -related symptoms. Because catheter ablation will easily and effectively abolish bundle-branch reentrant @entity591 , @entity3918 should always be considered in @entity1 with sustained @entity1165 . This is especially true if no apparent @entity299 is found.

title: Mechanisms of sustained @entity1165 in XXXX : implications for catheter ablation.

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['Ventricular tachycardia', 'ventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity944 :: ('MESH:D003645', 'Disease') :: ['sudden death']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart disease']

entities_list: @entity3918 :: ('MESH:D009223', 'Disease') :: ['myotonic dystrophy']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['Ventricular arrhythmias']

answer: @entity3918 :: (MESH:D009223,Disease) :: ['myotonic dystrophy']


abstract: The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of combination gene therapy with multiple angiogenic @entity2140 cDNAs to enhance survival of @entity63 skin flaps in a @entity35 model. Sixty @entity35 were divided into six groups. Varying combinations of @entity1655 , @entity672 , and @entity664 -plasmids were injected to prefabricate the flaps. Random skin flaps were raised on the dorsal aspect of @entity35 following prefabrication with @entity2140 cDNAs. Flap viability was determined by measurement of percentage area of survival. The efficacy of gene therapy was evaluated by flap survival and neovascularization of representative histologic sections stained immunohistologically. The @entity1655 plus @entity664 cDNAs enhanced the viability of the flap and neovascularization most effectively; the flap survival area was 64.3 +/- 8.7% after transfer of these two @entity2140 genes. Addition of @entity672 cDNA is deleterious to the effects of combined @entity1655 and @entity664 , leading to a significant @entity393 (44.9 +/- 2.7%). Viability of the flaps with combined @entity1655 and @entity664 cDNA transfer was significantly greater than that of the flaps with @entity1655 transfer alone (57.6 +/- 5.2%) or sham plasmid control (52.3 +/- 5.0%). Combined transfer of @entity1655 and @entity664 cDNA is the most effective combination of multiple @entity2140 genes to improve flap viability in this model. Simultaneous transfer of three @entity2140 genes ( @entity1655 , @entity672 , and @entity664 ) is deleterious to flap survival, at least for the ratio of lipofectin:transgene employed.

title: Efficacy of combination gene therapy with multiple XXXX cDNAs to enhance skin flap survival in a @entity35 model.

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['rat', 'Sprague-Dawley rats', 'rats']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['decrease in flap viability']

answer: @entity2140 :: (79215(Tax:10116),Gene) :: ['growth factor']


abstract: A method of delivering retained placenta quickly without general ane sthesia is described. After failure of other methods, manual removal of placenta was performed for 50 consecutive @entity1 under iv sedation combined with bilateral @entity616 . The @entity616 was accomplished with 20 ml of 1% @entity3303 . Local infiltration of the perineum is not necessary. Then @entity6882 , 50 mg, or in some cases less, and @entity1038 , 50 mg, were given by way of the drip tubing containing 5% iv dextrose. Manual removal of the placenta was then done in the usual way. After the operation @entity3693 , .5 mg, was given iv. 4 @entity1 required blood transfusion because of @entity548 ; 1 of these had sickle cell hemoglobin. Prior administration of @entity3693 in 1 @entity1 had caused the cervix to contract. This was overcome by inhalation of 3 minims of @entity3586 . The method is espec ially suited to a country where there is a shortage of medical personnel.

title: Manual removal of placenta under XXXX and sedation.

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity3693 :: ('MESH:D004874', 'Chemical') :: ['ergometrine']

entities_list: @entity6882 :: ('MESH:D008614', 'Chemical') :: ['pethidine']

entities_list: @entity3303 :: ('MESH:D008012', 'Chemical') :: ['xylocaine']

entities_list: @entity3586 :: ('MESH:D000680', 'Chemical') :: ['amyl-nitrite']

entities_list: @entity616 :: ('MESH:D006327', 'Disease') :: ['pudendal block', 'pudendal nerve block']

entities_list: @entity1038 :: ('MESH:D011395', 'Chemical') :: ['promazine hydrochloride']

answer: @entity616 :: (MESH:D006327,Disease) :: ['pudendal nerve block']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To improve the management of @entity28 adults (18-75 y) in primary care. DESIGN: Cohort study. SETTINGS: UK primary care. SUBJECTS: @entity28 @entity1 (body mass index > or =30 kg/m(2)) or BMI> or =28 kg/m(2) with @entity28 -related comorbidities in 80 general practices. INTERVENTION: The model consists of four phases: (1) audit and project development, (2) practice training and support, (3) nurse-led @entity1 intervention, and (4) evaluation. The intervention programme used evidence-based pathways, which included strategies to empower clinicians and @entity1 . Weight Management Advisers who are specialist @entity28 dietitians facilitated programme implementation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Proportion of practices trained and recruiting @entity1 , and weight change at 12 months. RESULTS: By March 2004, 58 of the 62 (93.5%) intervention practices had been trained, 47 (75.8%) practices were active in implementing the model and 1549 @entity1 had been recruited. At 12 months, 33% of @entity1 achieved a clinically meaningful weight loss of 5% or more. A total of 49% of @entity1 were classed as 'completers' in that they attended the requisite number of appointments in 3, 6 and 12 months. 'Completers' achieved more successful weight loss with 40% achieving a weight loss of 5% or more at 12 months. CONCLUSION: The Counterweight programme provides a promising model to improve the management of @entity28 in primary care.

title: Empowering primary care to tackle the XXXX epidemic: the Counterweight Programme.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['Obese', 'obese', 'obesity']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obesity']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The activity and synergy for the combination treatment of @entity900 and @entity136 has been identified in a variety of @entity1 @entity5 cells, including @entity43 cells, and has been widely approved for the treatment of @entity1149 , @entity788 and @entity1125 . As the gastrointestinal symptoms with @entity900 therapy are commonly considered to negatively affect the quality of life of @entity1 more than those experienced with @entity3003 therapy, @entity3003 is generally preferred over @entity900 in combination therapy. This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of @entity900 plus @entity136 in @entity1 with recurrent @entity43 . METHODS: @entity1 with recurrent @entity43 , who had failed with multiple other chemotherapy agents, including @entity902 , received @entity900 (30 mg/m(2)) plus @entity136 (750 mg/m(2)) on days 1 and 8 of every 28 days for between 1 and 4 cycles. RESULTS: In total, 18 @entity1 were treated with @entity900 and @entity136 between 2006 and 2011. There were 1 complete and 5 partial responses, producing an overall response rate of 33.4 %. Median overall survival was 11.0 months. Grade 4 @entity1398 and @entity882 were seen in 11.1 and 22.2 % of @entity1 , respectively. Non-hematological @entity137 was less than Grade 1. CONCLUSIONS: Non-hematological @entity137 with combined @entity900 and @entity136 therapy was considered tolerable and did not impede @entity1 quality of life. However, this drug combination should be monitored for hematologic @entity137 .

title: The safety and efficacy of XXXX plus @entity136 in recurrent @entity43 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'human', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cancer', 'ovarian, peritoneal or fallopian tube cancer']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['platinum']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['carboplatin']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['gemcitabine']

entities_list: @entity1125 :: ('MESH:D001661', 'Disease') :: ['biliary tract cancer']

answer: @entity900 :: (MESH:D002945,Chemical) :: ['cisplatin']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: A healthy 4-year-old @entity1 presented with a 4 month history of @entity158 and swelling of his left jaw which appeared to respond to antibiotics. An ultrasound, orthopantomogram (OPG), CT scan and MRI revealed a 3 cm well circumscribed lesion in the left mandible near, but not related to, his posterior molar teeth. The radiological differential diagnosis included a mandibular abscess or @entity5 such as @entity2828 , or @entity1222 ( @entity1222 ). A fine needle aspirate (FNA) was performed. The cytology, in conjunction with the immunohistochemistry ( @entity2281 protein and @entity4896 expression by the histiocyte-like cells) and electron microscopy (demonstrating Birbeck bodies) showed features characteristic of @entity1222 . The @entity1 was treated with an intra-lesional injection of @entity1667 with radiological and clinical evidence of regression of the lesion. Localised @entity1222 is also known as @entity1712 ( @entity1712 ). Its pathogenesis is unknown, although recent studies suggest it is a disease that results from mononuclear phagocyte dysregulation that may be infective, autoimmune or @entity5 in origin. @entity1712 is rare, usually affecting @entity1 5-15 years. The jaws are affected in 10-20% of cases with mandible involvement more common in adults. No consensus exists for the optimal therapy which includes curettage, intra-lesional @entity617 and chemotherapy.

title: Tennis racquets in the jaw: XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'boy']

entities_list: @entity2828 :: ('MESH:D012512', 'Disease') :: ["Ewing's sarcoma"]

entities_list: @entity1667 :: ('MESH:D008775', 'Chemical') :: ['methyl prednisolone']

entities_list: @entity1712 :: ('MESH:D004802', 'Disease') :: ['eosinophilic granuloma', 'EG']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplastic', 'neoplasm']

entities_list: @entity1222 :: ('MESH:D006646', 'Disease') :: ['Langerhans cell histiocytosis', 'LCH']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['episodic pain']

entities_list: @entity617 :: ('MESH:D011239', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisolone']

answer: @entity1712 :: (MESH:D004802,Disease) :: ['eosinophilic granuloma']


abstract: @entity1 T cells are transformed to antigen-independent permanent growth in vitro upon infection with @entity537 subgroup C strains. The viral oncoproteins required for this process, StpC and Tip, could be replaced by Tio, the oncoprotein of herpesvirus ateles. Here we demonstrate that proliferation of lymphocytes transformed with Tio-recombinant @entity537 required the activity of Src family kinases. Src kinases had previously been identified as interaction partners of Tio. This interaction was now shown to be independent of any of the four @entity669 residues of Tio but to be dependent on an SH3-binding motif. Mutations within this motif abrogated the transforming capabilities of Tio-recombinant @entity537 . Furthermore, kinase interaction resulted in the phosphorylation of Tio on a single @entity669 residue at position 136. Mutation of this residue in the viral context revealed that this phosphorylation site, but none of the other @entity669 residues, was required for T-cell transformation. These data indicate that the interaction of Tio with a Src kinase is essential for both the initiation and the maintenance of T-cell transformation by recombinant @entity537 . The requirement for the @entity669 phosphorylation site at position 136 suggests a role for Tio beyond simple deregulation of the kinase.

title: XXXX phosphorylation of the Tio oncoprotein is essential for transformation of primary @entity1 T cells.

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

entities_list: @entity537 :: ('10381', 'Species') :: ['herpesvirus saimiri']

answer: @entity669 :: (CHEBI:18186,Chemical) :: ['Tyrosine']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity910 and @entity7623 are associated with upper abdominal discomfort and @entity1109 in the absence of @entity2526 . We hypothesized that the similarity in symptoms would trigger testing and surgical treatment for @entity253 in a significant number of @entity1 , with refractory symptoms ultimately demonstrating @entity73 . METHODS: The study was designed as a retrospective review of @entity1 seen between April 1, 2008 and December 31, 2009. @entity1 were identified using diagnosis code for @entity7623 (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision code 536.3). Demographic information, duration, etiology and severity of disease, coexisting @entity146 , @entity158 and functional @entity344 , medication use, and abdominal surgery with a focus on cholecystectomy were abstracted from the medical records. RESULTS: A total of 131 @entity1 were identified. @entity1 predominated (77.86%), and the idiopathic form of @entity7623 was the most common etiology. A total of 59 (45%) @entity1 had undergone cholecystectomies. Although symptomatic @entity2963 was the primary indication, more than one-third of these @entity1 underwent surgery for @entity910 (n = 19) or chronic @entity7140 (n = 2). In this subgroup, improvement was either absent (n = 13) or transient only (n = 8), lasting for 1.0    0.6 months. @entity1 who underwent cholecystectomy were younger compared with the rest of the group; all other variables did not show significant differences. CONCLUSIONS: Considering the overlap and correlation between gastric and gallbladder function, we should raise the threshold for @entity910 and reassess the appropriateness of surgical therapy, especially in @entity1 with coexisting @entity1109 .

title: Cholecystectomy for XXXX in @entity7623 : mimic or misfortune?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'Women']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric illness']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['impairment of gastric function']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['dyspeptic symptoms']

entities_list: @entity910 :: ('MESH:D004409', 'Disease') :: ['Biliary dyskinesia', 'biliary dyskinesia']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal disorders']

entities_list: @entity2526 :: ('MESH:D025063', 'Disease') :: ['structural abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity2963 :: ('MESH:D002769', 'Disease') :: ['cholelithiasis']

entities_list: @entity7140 :: ('MESH:D042101', 'Disease') :: ['acalculous cholecystitis']

entities_list: @entity7623 :: ('MESH:D018589', 'Disease') :: ['gastroparesis']

entities_list: @entity253 :: ('MESH:D001660', 'Disease') :: ['biliary abnormalities']

answer: @entity910 :: (MESH:D004409,Disease) :: ['biliary dyskinesia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Pediatric @entity5658 is a severe @entity74 , which may pose diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Psoriasis, ichthyoses, @entity402 , @entity1909 , @entity21361 , @entity281 , @entity209 , drugs reaction, may cause @entity5658 . The therapy should be tailored on each aetiology, if possible. The biochemical and metabolic imbalance should be corrected, and particular attention should be paid to the psychosocial behavior often related to this disfiguring disease. CASE PRESENTATION: Two 3 year-old Caucasian twins have been suffering from an unmanageable @entity5658 since the age of 8 months. The diagnosis of @entity1569 , already remarkably expressed in the father's family in three cases of fraternal twins, could be enforced for several points. Major histocompatibility complex, class I, Cw*06 was detected in both twins; we found no @entity23429 , no corneodesmosin, nor any @entity34693 gene mutations. We performed a cutaneous histology, positive immunostaining for @entity27529 , dermoscopy and reflectance confocal microscopy. The twins had previously received systemic @entity230 , short cycles of low-dosage @entity11635 , followed by etanercept at the dosage of 0,8 mg/kg, without reliable results. @entity205 was then reconsidered at a dosage of 5 mg/kg/day with close blood monitoring. After three months of treatment, consistent clearing and significant improvement of their social and psychological behaviour were achieved. After over one year of continuous therapy with @entity205 , the twins have still maintained the result obtained. CONCLUSION: Pediatric @entity5658 may pose a great challenge as a potentially life-threatening condition causing extreme distress in @entity1 , parents and pediatricians. In young @entity1 it is mandatory to establish correct clinical and instrumental procedures, possibly supplemented by genetic analyses such as those we required, in order to determine an effective and safe therapy in terms of cost-benefit and put @entity1 and family in the best condition to perform common daily activities.

title: Severe @entity1569 in XXXX twins: from clinical-pathological diagnosis to treatment of choice through genetic analyses: two case reports.

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity21361 :: ('MESH:D010916', 'Disease') :: ['pityriasis rubra pilaris']

entities_list: @entity1569 :: ('MESH:D011565', 'Disease') :: ['psoriasis']

entities_list: @entity34693 :: ('26525', 'Gene') :: ['Interleukin-36 receptor antagonist']

entities_list: @entity27529 :: ('11005', 'Gene') :: ['Lympho-epithelial Kazal-type-related inhibitor']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['Cyclosporine', 'cyclosporine']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['cutaneous disorder']

entities_list: @entity5658 :: ('MESH:D003873', 'Disease') :: ['erythroderma']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic diseases']

entities_list: @entity1909 :: ('MESH:D003872', 'Disease') :: ['seborrhoeic dermatitis']

entities_list: @entity11635 :: ('CHEBI:4031', 'Chemical') :: ['ciclosporine']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['child']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3446 ( @entity7217 ) may supplement calcineurin inhibitors in clinical organ transplantation. These are nephrotoxic, but @entity7217 seems to act differently displaying only minor nephrotoxic effects, although this question is still open. In a number of treatment protocols where @entity7217 was combined with a calcineurin inhibitor indications of a synergistic nephrotoxic effect were described. The aim of this study was to examine further the renal function, including morphological analysis of the kidneys of male @entity35 treated with either @entity205 ( @entity9472 ), @entity1140 ( @entity1140 ) or @entity7217 as monotherapies or in different combinations. METHODS: For a period of 2 weeks, @entity9472 15 mg/kg/day (given orally), @entity1140 3.0 mg/kg/day (given orally) or @entity7217 0.4 mg/kg/day (given intraperitoneally) was administered once a day as these doses have earlier been found to achieve a significant immunosuppressive effect in @entity35 . In the 'conscious catheterized @entity35 ' model, the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was measured as the clearance of Cr(EDTA). The morphological analysis of the kidneys included a semi-quantitative scoring system analysing the degree of striped @entity82 , subcapsular @entity82 and the number of basophilic tubules, plus an additional stereological analysis of the total grade of @entity82 in the cortex stained with Sirius Red. RESULTS: @entity9472 , @entity1140 and @entity7217 all significantly decreased the GFR. A further deterioration was seen when @entity9472 was combined with either @entity1140 or @entity7217 , whereas the GFR remained unchanged in the group treated with @entity1140 plus @entity7217 when compared with treatment with any of the single substances. The morphological changes presented a similar pattern. The semi-quantitative scoring was significantly worst in the group treated with @entity9472 plus @entity7217 (P<0.001 compared with controls) and the analysis of the total grade of @entity82 also showed the highest proportion in the same group and was significantly different from controls (P<0.02). The @entity1140 plus @entity7217 combination showed only a marginally higher degree of @entity82 as compared with controls (P=0.05). CONCLUSION: This @entity35 study demonstrated a synergistic nephrotoxic effect of @entity9472 plus @entity7217 , whereas @entity1140 plus @entity7217 was better tolerated.

title: Kidney function and morphology after short-term combination therapy with @entity205 , @entity1140 and XXXX in the @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity3446 :: ('MESH:D020123', 'Chemical') :: ['Sirolimus']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporine A']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['rat', 'Sprague-Dawley rats']

answer: @entity3446 :: (MESH:D020123,Chemical) :: ['sirolimus']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: A 33-year-old African-American @entity1 was bridged to heart transplantation with a left ventricular assist device. She had a 14-month history of @entity712 secondary to @entity296 . The @entity1 's refractory @entity1165 was treated with intravenous @entity1818 owing to the @entity1 's history of @entity2643 -induced @entity1374 . After orthotopic cardiac transplant, she experienced prolonged @entity1576 . Serial computed tomography evaluation of the lung revealed diffuse bilateral ground-glass opacities and septal thickening. Bronchoscopies with tissue biopsies were performed with no conclusive results. Specimen samples displayed @entity82 with loose fibromyxoid tissue and some hobnail nodularities with no indication of @entity738 , neutrophilic infiltration, @entity5 , or fungal, viral, or bacterial growth. Histopathological evaluation of the lung wedge biopsy supported a diagnosis of @entity3794 and noted @entity82 with areas of focal @entity548 and increased macrophage infiltration. Antinuclear body was found to be negative. After in-depth evaluation of the @entity1 's medication history, @entity1818 was identified as the cause of the @entity137 . As @entity1818 -induced @entity82 is relatively uncommon, we present this case to highlight @entity1818 's potential harm and the need for careful monitoring in postsurgical @entity1 .

title: XXXX -induced @entity3794 after orthotopic heart transplantation: a case report and literature review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2643 :: ('MESH:D000638', 'Chemical') :: ['amiodarone']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['viral cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['interstitial fibrosis', 'septal fibrosis', 'lung fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity738 :: ('MESH:D006099', 'Disease') :: ['granulomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['alveolar hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity3794 :: ('MESH:D011658', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory failure']

entities_list: @entity1818 :: ('MESH:D011342', 'Chemical') :: ['procainamide']

entities_list: @entity1374 :: ('MESH:D013959', 'Disease') :: ['thyroiditis']

answer: @entity1818 :: (MESH:D011342,Chemical) :: ['Procainamide']


abstract: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of @entity32040 ( @entity32040 ) inhibitory drugs, @entity9498 and @entity7855 , on @entity1506 ( @entity1506 ), @entity2824 (eNOS) and @entity10740 genes expressions and apoptosis in @entity63 /reperfusion (I/R) induced oxidative injury in @entity35 renal tissue. Eighty @entity35 (300-350 g) were divided into four groups. In @entity63 /reperfusion group, @entity35 were subjected to @entity8 by clamping the left pedicle for 60 min, and then reperfused for 90 min. On the other hand, in other two groups the @entity35 were individually pretreated with @entity9498 and @entity7855 1 h before the induction of @entity63 . @entity1234 ( @entity1865 ) is determined in renal tissue homogenates by high-performance liquid chromatography, the number of apoptotic cell were calculated by TUNEL method and @entity10740 and eNOS expression were detected with immunohistochemistry. On the other hand, @entity1589 ( @entity1589 ) levels were measured by spectrophotometric method and the mRNA level of @entity1506 in renal tissue was determined by Real-time PCR (RT-PCR). Our results indicate that @entity1865 and @entity1589 levels were increased in the I/R group than those in the control group. Both @entity9498 and @entity7855 treatment decreased the @entity1865 levels in @entity63 /reperfusion group, whereas this effect was more potent with @entity7855 . RT-PCR results showed that, @entity1506 gen expression increased in the I/R group, but decreased in the @entity32040 inhibitory drugs treated group. Apoptotic cells, eNOS levels and @entity10740 positive cells were also decreased in @entity32040 inhibitory drugs treated group. We suggest that @entity9498 and @entity7855 have beneficial effects against I/R related @entity8 and this protective effect is clearer for @entity7855 than @entity9498 .

title: The effects of XXXX inhibitory drugs on @entity8 /reperfusion injury in @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal ischemia', 'renal tissue injury']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity9498 :: ('MESH:C429886', 'Chemical') :: ['Tadalafil']

entities_list: @entity7855 :: ('MESH:C101426', 'Chemical') :: ['Sildenafil']

entities_list: @entity1234 :: ('MESH:D008315', 'Chemical') :: ['Malondialdehyde']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['rat', 'Sprague-Dawley rats', 'rats']

answer: @entity32040 :: (171115(Tax:10116),Gene) :: ['PDE5']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore correlation of @entity566 and outcomes after endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) in @entity1 with chronic rhinosinusitis. METHOD: Before ESS, 115 cases were arranged to detect @entity56 serum relative index: the concentration of serum TIgE, specific IgE semi-quantitative test and the concentration of serum ECP; to survey QOL status: VAS, SNOT-20 and SF-36; as well as inquire medical record, Lund-Mackay CT system scoring, clinical classification of chronic rhinosinusitis. After ESS (>1 year), 74 cases were followed up. The subjective and objective assessment were achieved by means of VAS, SNOT-20, SF-36 and Lund-Kennedy endoscopic scores. RESULT: The improvements of VAS scores of the cases with increased serum TIgE were significantly lower than those without increased serum TIgE (P<0.05). In cases of II, III types, the objective outcomes of the cases with increased serum TIgE were significantly worse than those without increased serum TIgE (P<0.05). The objective outcomes of the cases with positive allergen (> or = 3) were significantly worse than those with positive allergen (<3) (P<0.05). The objective outcomes of the cases with strong positive allergen were significantly worse than those without strong positive allergen (P<0.05). VAS scores and SNOT-20 scores after endoscopic sinus surgery of the cases with strong positive allergen were significantly worse than those without strong positive allergen (P<0.05). The concentration of serum ECP of the invalid cases was significantly higher than effective cases (P<0.05). The concentration of serum ECP was positive correlated with Lund-Kennedy endoscopic scores (r=0.49, P<0.05). In cases of II, III types, the objective outcomes of the cases with increased serum ECP were significantly worse than those without increased serum ECP (P<0.05), VAS scores and SNOT-20 scores after endoscopic sinus surgery of the cases with increased serum ECP were significantly worse than those without incre- ased serum ECP (P<0.05), the improvements of VAS scores of the cases with increased serum ECP were significantly lower than those without increased serum ECP (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Those @entity56 serum relative indexes make some negative effect on subjective and objective outcomes. Especially, in cases with @entity1127 , the increase of serum TIgE and serum ECP has more negative effect. Our results might help to choose immunotherapy to combine with endoscopic sinus surgery for those selected @entity1 to improve the outcomes of chronic rhinosinusitis.

title: [Effect of XXXX on outcomes after endoscopic sinus surgery in @entity1 with chronic rhinosinusitis].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic']

answer: @entity566 :: (MESH:D006967,Disease) :: ['allergy']


abstract: @entity302 ( @entity302 ) in vivo and in vitro induces a loss of dendritic spines and synapses. Because CaMKII has been implicated in synaptogenesis and synaptic plasticity, we investigated the role of CaMKII in the effects of @entity302 on spines, using @entity35 hippocampal slice cultures. To visualize dendrites and @entity8491 ( @entity8491 ) in pyramidal neurons in the slices, we used biolistic transfection to express either free GFP or a @entity29241 -YFP construct that specifically labels @entity8491 . This allowed us to distinguish two classes of dendritic protrusions: spines that contain @entity8491 , and filopodia that lack @entity8491 and that are, on average, longer than spines. By these criteria, 48 hr of @entity302 caused a decrease specifically in the number of spines. Immunoblots showed that @entity302 increased CaMKII activity in the slices. Inhibition of CaMKII by expression of @entity6052 , a specific peptide inhibitor of CaMKII, reduced spine number under basal conditions and failed to prevent @entity302 -induced spine loss. However, under @entity302 conditions, @entity6052 increased the number of filopodia and the number of @entity8491 on the dendritic shaft. These data show at least two roles for CaMKII activity in maintenance and remodeling of dendritic spines under basal or @entity302 conditions. First, CaMKII activity promotes the maintenance of spines and spine @entity8491 . Second, CaMKII activity suppresses @entity302 -induced formation of filopodia and suppresses an increase in shaft @entity8491 , apparently by promoting translocation of @entity8491 from dendritic shafts to spines and/or selectively stabilizing spine rather than shaft @entity8491 .

title: Role of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II in dendritic spine remodeling during XXXX in vitro.

entities_list: @entity8491 :: ('MESH:D020294', 'Disease') :: ['PSDs', 'postsynaptic densities']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['EA', 'Epileptiform activity']

answer: @entity302 :: (MESH:D004827,Disease) :: ['epileptiform activity']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The effect of @entity692 (HA) coating on the fixation of a cementless femoral stem is discussed, in particular in cases of primary fixation with geometrically stable components. Therefore, we performed a comparative retrospective study of a series of Alloclassic-SL    stems to: 1) present the long-term results and 2) evaluate the contribution, if any, of proximal HA coating. HYPOTHESES: Long-term cementless press-fit ("flat wedge-shaped") fixation  is reliable and HA coating only improves the radiological results of the proximal bone-prosthesis interface. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred and ninety-eight Alloclassic total hip arthroplasties were performed in 179 @entity1 , mean age 66  years old (22-85), including 105 with proximal HA coating and 93 with the original grit-blast coating. One hundred and ninety-three hips were analyzed after a mean follow-up of 9.8  years (1-24  years). RESULTS: Results were excellent or good in 184  hips (95%) with no significant difference between the 2  groups (Merle d'Aubign  >= 16 for 89/92 (98%) without HA compared to 95/101 (94%) with HA P=0.59). Radiographic signs of stable osseointegration were observed in 173  hips (90% of the cases). HA coating significantly improved the radiographic results of the proximal bone-implant interface: (42/92 (46%) of the stems without HA had proximal radiolucencies in zones  1 and 7 compared to 4/101 (4%) with HA (P=0.0001)). @entity691 wear>0.1  mm/year was observed in 6  hips (3%) including 1/101 (1%) in the group with HA versus 5/92 (5.4%) without HA (P=0.17). One intra-operative @entity3330 occurred and there were 9  dislocations in the first 3  postoperative months (4.5%). The main cause of revision surgery was recurrent dislocation (11/17  cases). The "revision per-100 observed-femoral component years" was 0.10 in both groups and survival for aseptic loosening of the stem was 100% (95% CI=73.2% to 100%) at 20  years. CONCLUSION: This study shows that secondary fixation by osseointegration of a straight standard grit-blasted @entity702 alloy non-anatomical implant is reliable. Possible proximal fibrous encapsulation, which is reduced by HA coating, but especially conventional @entity691 wear, were the main limitations of this system. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: III retrospective case-control study.

title: Effect of XXXX coating on the radio-clinical results of a grit-blasted @entity702 alloy femoral taper. A case-control study of 198 cementless primary total hip arthroplasty with the Alloclassic    system.

entities_list: @entity691 :: ('MESH:D020959', 'Chemical') :: ['Polyethylene', 'polyethylene']

entities_list: @entity692 :: ('MESH:D017886', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxyapatite']

entities_list: @entity702 :: ('MESH:D014025', 'Chemical') :: ['titanium']

entities_list: @entity3330 :: ('MESH:D005264', 'Disease') :: ['femoral fracture']

answer: @entity692 :: (MESH:D017886,Chemical) :: ['hydroxyapatite']


abstract: Large cell @entity2 with a @entity5606 phenotype is very rare. We present a 55-year-old @entity1 with multiple nodules in his lung. He had an emergency operation because of abundant hemoptysis. The microscopic appearance was a @entity152 with a pure @entity5606 phenotype. There were no foci of any other @entity2483 . @entity5 cells had abundant eosinophilic cytoplasmic globules and eccentric nuclei and did not adhere to each other. Histochemically, these cells were periodic acid-Schiff-negative. Immunohistochemically, @entity2277 and @entity3508 were positive. Epithelial membrane antigen was focally and weakly positive, @entity876 was positive in 60% of tumoral cells, and Ki-67 ( @entity1758 labeling index) was 50%. The @entity1 died of disseminated disease 2 months after the operation.

title: XXXX with @entity5606 phenotype.

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma of the lung']

entities_list: @entity3508 :: ('2026', 'Gene') :: ['neuron-specific enolase']

entities_list: @entity152 :: ('MESH:D018287', 'Disease') :: ['large cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity2483 :: ('MESH:C566443', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomatous components']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['Pulmonary large cell carcinoma']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the ability of a well-known normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) model to predict @entity1208 by determining updated model parameters and then comparing these results with the predictive value of other dosimetric parameters. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Clinical and dosimetric data regarding @entity2910 were analyzed in 101 inoperable/unresectable non-small-cell @entity2 @entity1 treated by external beam irradiation. Grade 2 or higher @entity2910 counted as events. Parameters (TD50, n, and m) of the Lyman normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) model were determined using maximum likelihood analysis, and compared to other dose/volume threshold values including: percentage of esophagus receiving > 40 Gy (V40) to > 75 Gy ( @entity4732 ), and maximum esophageal doses. RESULTS: Sixteen @entity1 developed grade 2-3 @entity697 (no G4 or 5). The maximum likelihood analysis produced new Lyman model parameters of: TD50 = 51 Gy, n = 0.44 and m = 0.32. The mean NTCP value is significantly lower (P < 0.001) in the group of @entity1 without @entity2910 (13.5%) than with @entity2910 (27.2%). The rates of @entity2910 are 2.5, 7, 9 and 13.4%, respectively, when the NTCP values are <10%, <15%, <20% and <25%. A significant association is found between @entity2910 and dose/volume parameters V40 (P = 0.001) to V70 (P = 0.024). CONCLUSIONS: New values of TD50, n and m offer a good description of the @entity2910 distribution in our population. Compared to the use of this model with previously published parameters (associated with late @entity137 ) predictions of the model for @entity697 using the new parameters would indicate that, for a population of @entity1 , the distribution of events as a function of uniform dose would occur with a lower mean uniform dose value (smaller TD50), over a wider range of uniform doses (larger m), while also exhibiting a bigger volume effect (larger n). These new parameter values are supported in essence by the correlations found for the dose/volume threshold parameters.

title: Normal tissue complication probability modeling for @entity697 in XXXX treated with conformal radiation therapy for non-small cell lung cancer.

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute esophagitis']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity2910 :: ('MESH:D004941', 'Disease') :: ['esophagitis']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity1208 :: ('MESH:D004935', 'Disease') :: ['radiation esophagitis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: One potential explanation for why @entity1358 is usually poorly responsive to chemotherapy is intrinsic multidrug resistance. @entity4341 (DP) is one of several agents known to bind to P-glycoprotein and potentially reverse multidrug resistance in vitro, and dosages needed to obtain appropriate levels in vivo appear to be well tolerated. The current study was undertaken to evaluate the combination of @entity5713 (VLB) and DP in @entity1 with @entity1358 and no prior chemotherapy. From August 1989 through December 1989, 15 @entity1 with inoperable recurrent or metastatic @entity1358 were treated with VLB 0.2 mg/kg (i.v. slow push) and concurrently received DP75 mg p.o. q.i.d. starting 48 hours before and continuing 48 hours after VLB administration. Courses were repeated every 3 weeks for a maximum of 8 weeks, or until disease progression or undue @entity137 ensued. The predominant @entity137 seen were mild @entity2359 and @entity1431 . Only 1 @entity1 had grade IV @entity1431 , and no lethal @entity137 occurred. No objective responses were seen; 2 @entity1 had stable disease for 29 and 30+ months. The median survival was 9 months (range: 2.5-30+). We conclude that at the dose and schedule used in this study, the combination of VLB and DP may be administered with acceptable @entity137 , but is ineffective in the treatment of @entity1358 .

title: A phase II trial of XXXX plus @entity4341 in @entity1358 . A Hoosier Oncology Group Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity2359 :: ('MESH:D020258', 'Disease') :: ['neurotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity4341 :: ('MESH:D004176', 'Chemical') :: ['Dipyridamole']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['renal cell carcinoma', 'advanced renal cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1431 :: ('MESH:D007970', 'Disease') :: ['leukopenia']

entities_list: @entity5713 :: ('MESH:D014747', 'Chemical') :: ['vinblastine']

answer: @entity5713 :: (MESH:D014747,Chemical) :: ['vinblastine']


abstract: Importance: Despite the prevalence and the functional, psychological, and economic impact of @entity1118 , few intervention studies of treatment of @entity1118 in veterans have been performed. Objective: To determine whether a stepped-care intervention is more effective than usual care, as hypothesized, in reducing @entity158 , @entity158 interference, and @entity158 severity. Design, Setting, and @entity1 : We performed a randomized clinical trial comparing stepped care with usual care for @entity1118 . We enrolled 241 veterans from Operation Enduring Freedom, Operation Iraqi Freedom, and Operation New Dawn with chronic (>3 months) and disabling (Roland Morris Disability Scale score, >= 7) @entity4512 of the cervical or lumbar spine or extremities (shoulders, knees, and hips) in the Evaluation of Stepped Care for @entity1118 (ESCAPE) trial from December 20, 2007, through June 30, 2011. The 9-month follow-up was completed by April 2012. @entity1 received treatment at a postdeployment clinic and 5 general medicine clinics at a Veterans Affairs medical center. Interventions: Step 1 included 12 weeks of analgesic treatment and optimization according to an algorithm coupled with @entity158 self-management strategies; step 2, 12 weeks of cognitive behavioral therapy. All intervention aspects were delivered by nurse care managers. Main Outcomes and Measures: @entity158 (Roland Morris Disability Scale), @entity158 interference (Brief @entity158 Inventory), and @entity158 severity (Graded @entity1118 Scale). Results: The primary analysis included 121 @entity1 receiving the stepped-care intervention and 120 @entity1 receiving usual care. At 9 months, the mean decrease from baseline in the Roland Morris Disability Scale score was 1.7 (95% CI, -2.6 to -0.9) points in the usual care group and 3.7 (95% CI, -4.5 to -2.8) points in the intervention group (between-group difference, -1.9 [95% CI, -3.2 to -0.7] points; P   =   .002). The mean decrease from baseline in the @entity158 Interference subscale score of the Brief @entity158 Inventory was 0.9 points in the usual care group and 1.7 points in the intervention group (between-group difference, -0.8 [95% CI, -1.3 to -0.3] points; P   =   .003). The Graded @entity1118 Scale severity score was reduced by 4.5 points in the usual care group and 11.1 points in the intervention group (between-group difference, -6.6 [95% CI, -10.5 to -2.7] points; P   =   .001). Conclusions and Relevance: A stepped-care intervention that combined analgesics, self-management strategies, and brief cognitive behavioral therapy resulted in statistically significant reductions in @entity158 , @entity158 interference, and @entity158 severity in veterans with chronic @entity4512 . Trial Registration: clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00386243.

title: Evaluation of Stepped Care for XXXX (ESCAPE) in Veterans of the Iraq and Afghanistan Conflicts: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity4512 :: ('MESH:D059352', 'Disease') :: ['musculoskeletal pain']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain', 'Chronic Pain']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain-related disability', 'Pain-related disability', 'Pain', 'pain']

answer: @entity1118 :: (MESH:D059350,Disease) :: ['Chronic Pain']


abstract: Skeletal fibroblasts in vitro can acquire myofibroblast phenotypes by the development of biochemical and morphological features, mainly the expression of @entity1918 ( @entity1918 ). Myogenic differentiation is a central event in skeletal muscle development, and has commonly been studied in vitro in the context of skeletal muscle development and regeneration. Controlling this process is a complex set of interactions between myoblasts and the extracellular matrix. Osteopontin (OPN) is an acidic, phosphorylated matrix protein that contains an @entity11599 (RGD) cell attachment sequence and has been identified as an adhesive and migratory substrate for several cell types. The aim of this study was to investigate osteopontin expression during the differentiation of skeletal fibroblasts into myofibroblasts and during myogenesis in a coculture model. Fibroblasts and myoblasts were obtained from skeletal muscle of 18-d-old @entity35 strain @entity35 fetuses by enzymatic dissociation. At 1 and 9 d, cocultures were immunolabeled, and the cells were also separately subjected to Western blotting to analyze OPN expression. Our data using confocal microscopy showed that myoblasts displayed a strong staining for OPN and that this labeling was maintained after myotube differentiation. Conversely, during fibroblast differentiation into myofibroblasts, we observed a significant increase in OPN expression. The results obtained by immunolabeling were confirmed by Western blotting. We suggest that OPN is important mainly during early stages of myogenesis, facilitating myoblast fusion and differentiation, and that the increased expression of OPN in myofibroblasts might be related to its effects as a key cytokine regulating tissue repair and @entity32 .

title: Osteopontin expression in coculture of differentiating XXXX fetal skeletal fibroblasts and myoblasts.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1918 :: ('25365(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['alpha-smooth-muscle actin', 'alpha-SMA']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Currently, the surgical approach to @entity4838 can vary depending on the size and expansion of the @entity5 , although surgical treatment still relies on the anterior bilateral craniotomy. Since 1989, we have use the pterional approach as a standard procedure in the treatment of 37 consecutive cases. We present our results in an attempt to contribute an alternative and valid surgical strategy for the treatment of these @entity5 . METHODS: Between 1989 and 1996, a series of 37 consecutive @entity1 underwent microsurgical @entity5 resection using the unilateral pterional approach; all @entity1 except one underwent operations on the right side. In 23 @entity1 (62%), the @entity5 diameter measured approximately 6 cm, and the size was less than 4 cm in only 5 @entity1 . The clinical presentation included @entity409 in 27 @entity1 and @entity227 in 16 @entity1 . The advantages of this approach are the early recognition of the posterior cerebrovascular complex, followed by a safe, rapid, and complete devascularization of the @entity5 and later by a favorable dissection of the capsular area from the frontal vascular branches and parenchyma. RESULTS: Total removal was achieved in all cases. There was one death unrelated to surgery. All @entity1 presenting with @entity409 or with preoperative @entity227 recovered or improved. Postoperative magnetic resonance imaging confirmed @entity5 removal and demonstrated the brain parenchyma to be preserved and intact, primarily on the side opposite from the craniotomy. CONCLUSION: Our experience with the pterional approach suggests a greater role for this procedure in the treatment of @entity1653 .

title: The pterional approach for the microsurgical XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual deficits', 'visual impairment']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'complete tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['mental dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1653 :: ('MESH:D008579', 'Disease') :: ['olfactory groove meningiomas']

entities_list: @entity4838 :: ('MESH:D000857', 'Disease') :: ['olfactory meningiomas']

answer: @entity1653 :: (MESH:D008579,Disease) :: ['removal of olfactory groove meningiomas']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this prospective clinical study was to evaluate the condition of the @entity267 (epithelium and vascularization) and the membrane presence and retraction during follow-up after amniotic membrane transplantation in @entity1 with persistent @entity3283 . @entity1 AND METHODS: Between June 1999 and November 2000 AM transplantation was performed in 30 consecutive @entity1 (average age 59 +/- 17 years) with @entity3283 refractory to clinical treatment. We evaluated the clinical diagnosis, localisation, size and depth of the @entity1066 , condition of the ocular surface and visual acuity before and after surgery. After complete removal of the epithelium and @entity2070 , one (n=11), two (n=17) or three (n=2) layers of amniotic membrane were fixed with multiple interrupted sutures, depending on the depth of the lesion. A therapeutic contact lens was applied in most eyes and removed after one month. The most frequent diagnoses were chemical burn (5 x lime, 1 x lye and 1 x liquid @entity5715 ), 7 x herpes, 3 x @entity625 and 3 x blepharo-keratoconjunctivitis in neurodermitis. The @entity1066 had a medium length of 4.9 +/- 3.2 mm, a width of 3.5 +/- 3.0 mm and a depth ranging between 30 % and 95 % (68 +/- 21 %). RESULTS: Complete epithelial closure was achieved in 27 of 30 eyes (90 %). In 4 eyes a recurrent @entity2543 occurred after initial closure. At the 1-, 3- and 6 month follow-up the amniotic membrane was present in 93 %, 73 % or 30 %, respectively, but was more or less retractet in 52 %, 58 % or 67 %, respectively. A complete corneal epithelium was noted in 79 %, 89 % or 90 % of eyes, respectively. However, @entity7499 was observed in 24 %, 58 % or 60 % of eyes. Visual acuity was </= 20/400 in 60 % eyes preoperatively, but in 69 % after 3 months and in 78 % after 6 months of follow-up. CONCLUSION: In persistent @entity3283 , amniotic membrane transplantation should be considered in early stages to achieve permanent epithelial closure in a less inflamed eye thus avoiding penetrating keratoplasty    chaud or conjunctival flaps. However, in eyes with broad descemetocele especially following chemical burns, this treatment modality does not seem to be effective.

title: [Multilayer amniotic membrane transplantation for XXXX not treatable by conventional therapy - a prospective study of the status of @entity267 and graft during follow-up].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['polyarthritis']

entities_list: @entity7499 :: ('MESH:D016510', 'Disease') :: ['corneal neovascularization']

entities_list: @entity3283 :: ('MESH:D003320', 'Disease') :: ['corneal ulcers']

entities_list: @entity2543 :: ('MESH:D017573', 'Disease') :: ['epithelial defect']

entities_list: @entity5715 :: ('CHEBI:28984', 'Chemical') :: ['aluminium']

answer: @entity3283 :: (MESH:D003320,Disease) :: ['corneal ulcers']


abstract: Six months of exercise training was associated with decreased @entity1109 in two groups of @entity1 . There was no change in symptoms in nontraining @entity1 . Eight sedentary (ST) @entity1 increased running from 0 to 76 +/- 26 km/cycle (mean +/- standard deviation) over 6 months and seven runners (MT) trained for a marathon (42.2 km). Six normally active, nontraining (C-NT) @entity1 kept their activity constant. Each subject completed monthly intensity-graded questionnaires or kept daily symptoms diaries concerning @entity1109 . All monitored basal body temperature, weight, and exercise. Gonadal @entity230 were measured in ST @entity1 . For ST subjects, breast (P = 0.005), fluid (P = 0.01), and personal stress (P = 0.025) decreased. MT @entity1 experienced decreased fluid (P = 0.034) and @entity308 (P = 0.014). @entity148 tended to decrease (P = 0.087). ST and MT subjects experienced decreases in @entity1109 without documented hormonal, menstrual cycle, or weight changes. These symptom changes appear to be the earliest evidence of the effects of conditioning exercise on the reproductive system.

title: Conditioning exercise XXXX : a prospective, controlled 6-month trial.

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['premenstrual symptoms']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

answer: @entity1109 :: (MESH:D012678,Disease) :: ['decreases premenstrual symptoms']


abstract: 1. The influence of @entity855 on @entity413 metabolism was studied in the isolated @entity35 diaphragm; it was shown that @entity855 increases the oxidation of @entity413 and the aerobic conversion of @entity413 into @entity880 , whereas it decreases glycogen synthesis. There was no influence of @entity855 on the anaerobic formation of @entity880 from @entity413 . 2. A maximum effect of @entity855 on the oxidation of @entity413 (about 160% increase) was obtained in the presence of 10mm- @entity855 ; in the presence of 2mm- @entity855 the effect was about 65%, and was approximately constant from 10 to 90min. incubation period. 3. In a @entity1391 -free tris-buffered medium the oxidation of @entity413 was considerably decreased, but the percentage stimulation by @entity855 was about the same as in a @entity1391 -buffered medium. 4. @entity855 was shown to increase the oxidation of @entity948 , @entity3776 , @entity13993 , @entity4567 and, to a much smaller extent, @entity2388 . 5. @entity857 stimulated the oxidation of @entity413 to the same extent as @entity855 at a concentration of 2mm and the effect with @entity860 was only slightly less; @entity15129 and @entity859 had only a small stimulatory effect at this concentration, whereas @entity14572 had no effect.

title: Influence of some mononucleotides and their corresponding nucleosides on the metabolism of carbohydrates in the isolated XXXX diaphragm muscle.

entities_list: @entity859 :: ('MESH:D000241', 'Chemical') :: ['adenosine']

entities_list: @entity948 :: ('MESH:D005632', 'Chemical') :: ['fructose']

entities_list: @entity4567 :: ('MESH:C029063', 'Chemical') :: ['fructose 1,6-diphosphate']

entities_list: @entity1391 :: ('CHEBI:26020', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphate']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity2388 :: ('MESH:D019289', 'Chemical') :: ['pyruvate']

entities_list: @entity13993 :: ('MESH:C031590', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose 1-phosphate']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity3776 :: ('MESH:D019298', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose 6-phosphate']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Accidents and @entity130 at work account for several million working days lost each year. @entity73 (problems of memory, attention or action) can lead to accidents and @entity130 in certain contexts. AIM: This work describes the prevalence and associations of workplace accidents, minor @entity73 reported by respondents to a follow-up postal questionnaire as part of the community-based Bristol Stress and Health Study. METHODS: Postal questionnaires were sent to 4673 @entity1 who participated in the first phase of the study (in which questionnaires were sent to individuals selected at random from the electoral roll). RESULTS: Four per cent of workers reported an accident at work, 8% reported quite or very frequent @entity130 and 13% reported quite or very frequent @entity73 . Accidents at work were associated with being male, smoking and higher negative job characteristics. Respondents reported workplace accidents at a level similar to the overall UK rate. Accidents and @entity130 , and minor @entity73 , shared common associations and all three outcomes were associated with each other. CONCLUSION: Information about @entity73 is important in the study of accidents and @entity130 at work. In addition, negative job characteristics represent part of the context in which @entity1 error is translated into injury.

title: The Bristol Stress and Health Study: accidents, minor XXXX at work.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'people']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['Cognitive failures', 'injuries and cognitive failures', 'cognitive failures']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['minor injuries', 'injuries']

answer: @entity73 :: (MESH:D003072,Disease) :: ['injuries and cognitive failures']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Chronic @entity120 , a rare complication of @entity1151 is amenable to thrombendarterectomy ( @entity1041 ) and when successful, improves exercise capacity and normalizes resting pulmonary arterial pressure. GOAL: To test if exercise capacity and exercise gas exchange are also normalized after successful @entity1041 . METHODS: Over a period of 4 years, 5 @entity1 underwent @entity1041 at Sheba Medical Center. All experienced marked clinical improvement; their functional capacity (NYHA class) improved by 1-3 stages and resting pulmonary blood pressure normalized. One to 3 years after surgery each underwent a 6 minute walking test and incremental exercise to measure maximal @entity26 uptake. RESULTS: It was found that following @entity1041 , the 6 minute walking distance improved by 100-215 meters and more. Maximal @entity26 uptake remained below normal in 4/5 cases and ranged 42-87% of predicted values. Hemoglobin @entity26 saturation that was normal after @entity1041 at rest, fell in all with exercise to 91-96%. Exercise gas exchange remained abnormal, consistent with residual @entity358 . CONCLUSIONS: Thrombendarterectomy in chronic @entity120 caused marked clinical improvement and normalized resting pulmonary arterial pressures. Exercise capacity also improved but peak @entity26 uptake remained below normal and exercise gas exchange remained abnormal. SUMMARY: Chronic @entity120 can be effectively treated. However, despite remarkable improvement, residual @entity358 persists and is not relieved following successful operation.

title: [Chronic XXXX : can successful thrombendarterectomy normalize exercise capacity and gas exchange?].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity120 :: ('MESH:D006976', 'Disease') :: ['thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary embolism']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary vascuLar disease', 'pulmonary vascular disease']

answer: @entity120 :: (MESH:D006976,Disease) :: ['thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension']


abstract: A P1 cloned insert of about 85.5 kilobases (kb) was isolated, containing four members of the @entity1 growth hormone/chorionic somatomammotropin (GH/CS) gene family and the thyroid hormone receptor interacting protein ( @entity44744 ) gene. The presence of the CS-like, @entity7510 , GH-variant and, most downstream, @entity5804 gene was confirmed by DNA blotting and sequence analysis. The @entity44744 gene was detected 40 kb downstream of the @entity5804 gene and in the reverse transcriptional orientation to all the GH/CS genes. The @entity44744 gene is highly homologous to the @entity47416 gene in @entity375 and is evolutionarily conserved among several species. Based on the common location of the GH and @entity44744 (or homologue) genes on the same chromosome in the @entity1 , @entity1707 and @entity35 genomes, we suggest that these loci are physically linked. Previously, it was reported that a muscle-specific @entity1372 channel ( @entity16093 ) gene is located immediately upstream of the pituitary growth hormone ( @entity2124 ) gene, and is linked to the GH gene locus in both @entity1 and @entity35 . This suggests a further linkage between the @entity16093 , GH and @entity44744 loci. Also, deoxyribonuclease hypersensitive sites have been reported in and around these loci and were associated with an important locus control region for the GH/CS genes. Unlike the GH/CS genes, we show, using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction that the @entity44744 gene is expressed ubiquitously and, through RNA blotting, as a 1.4-kb transcript. This implies an open and active chromatin structure. The possible effect of this structure on the adjacent @entity1 GH/CS gene locus is discussed.

title: Physical linkage of the XXXX growth hormone gene family and the thyroid hormone receptor interacting protein-1 gene on chromosome 17.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Persistent elbow instability associated with @entity942 is a difficult condition to treat. Several surgical techniques have been described for coronoid reconstruction, but the resulting outcomes have been unpredictable. We hypothesized that a coronoid prosthesis could restore elbow stability. METHODS: A nonanatomically shaped metallic coronoid prosthesis was custom designed for each of 3 @entity1 . Each had a chronic @entity174 with persistent instability, deficiencies of the coronoid, and compromise of the radial head. Each @entity1 had undergone 2 to 4 prior failed operations. RESULTS: At a mean follow-up of 11 years (range, 10-12), 2 of the 3 @entity1 were @entity158 free; the third had a visual analog scale @entity158 score not greater than 3/10. @entity5953 maintained a stable joint, although a functional range of motion was not able to be maintained in any. Two @entity1 rated themselves "improved" and 1 @entity1 rated himself "almost normal" on the Summary Outcome Determination scale. All radiographic follow-up showed the coronoid prosthesis in proper position without loosening. CONCLUSION: Prosthetic replacement of the coronoid appears successful in restoring stability in chronically unstable elbows with @entity942 .

title: Prosthetic replacement for XXXX : report of three cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture-subluxation']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'completely pain']

entities_list: @entity942 :: ('MESH:D003677', 'Disease') :: ['coronoid deficiency']

answer: @entity942 :: (MESH:D003677,Disease) :: ['coronoid deficiency']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: The dysfunction of the intestinal barrier is a factor that has been related to bacterial translocation from lumen to extra-intestinal sites and consequently to the development of spontaneous @entity298 . The aim of this study was to investigate if the alterations of the intestinal barrier in @entity82 are related with the degree of @entity1578 and associated with other clinical complications. METHODOLOGY: Intestinal permeability was assessed by means of the @entity11884 / @entity2656 test in 79 cirrhotic and 25 controls subjects. They received 10 g of @entity11884 and 5 g of @entity2656 . @entity11884 and @entity2656 were measured in a five-hour urinary volume. RESULTS: @entity11884 / @entity2656 ratio was significantly higher in cirrhotic @entity1 than in controls (p = 0.03). This was more evident in end-stage @entity82 . @entity1 with @entity843 , or @entity75 showed a statistically significant increase in @entity11884 / @entity2656 ratio when compared to @entity1 without these complications. CONCLUSIONS: The increased intestinal permeability is related to the progression of the @entity409 and is more relevant with overt clinical complications. This is due to an increased absorption of @entity11884 . However, as @entity409 progresses, @entity2656 absorption is progressively reduced, probably due to a reduced surface of absorption, and these events are more relevant in @entity1 with overt clinical complications.

title: Intestinal permeability is increased in @entity1 with advanced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2656 :: ('MESH:D008353', 'Chemical') :: ['mannitol']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity11884 :: ('MESH:D007792', 'Chemical') :: ['lactulose', 'Lactulose']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['encephalopathy']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver disease']

entities_list: @entity1578 :: ('MESH:D017093', 'Disease') :: ['liver failure']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial peritonitis']

answer: @entity82 :: (MESH:D005355,Disease) :: ['cirrhosis']


abstract: Aspects of the prenatal environment, including @entity134 hormones, modulate the timing of puberty onset in many @entity1 species. This study tested whether prenatal @entity342 manipulations altered pubertal development in male @entity2608 ( @entity2608 ). Pregnant females received @entity2609 (TE), the @entity342 receptor blocker @entity12194 , or vehicle during one of two periods of gestation, and their male offspring were observed for morphological, endocrine, and behavioral development from 3 to 4.5 years of age. Males exposed to @entity12194 early in gestation had a greater response to exogenous @entity1176 prepubertally, and greater testes volume, elevated @entity251 , and elevated LH at age 3.5 than did control subjects. Males exposed to @entity12194 late in gestation also had greater testes volumes at age 3.5 than did control males. However, these differences between @entity12194 treated males and control males did not persist postpubertally. By 4.5 years of age, development in control males had reached comparable levels to that of @entity12194 -treated males. Late gestation treatment with TE had no effect on morphological pubertal development but early TE treatment altered some aspects of endocrine function during puberty. None of the prenatal @entity342 manipulations affected @entity146 . These findings suggest that prenatal @entity3800 , in conjunction with social factors, masculinize pubertal timing in @entity2608 males.

title: Prenatal XXXX blockade accelerates pubertal development in male @entity2608 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['sexual behavior']

entities_list: @entity12194 :: ('MESH:D005485', 'Chemical') :: ['flutamide']

entities_list: @entity3800 :: ('MESH:D000728', 'Chemical') :: ['androgens']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen']

entities_list: @entity2608 :: ('9544', 'Species') :: ['rhesus monkey', 'Macaca mulatta', 'rhesus macaques']

entities_list: @entity2609 :: ('MESH:C004648', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone enanthate']

answer: @entity342 :: (CHEBI:50113,Chemical) :: ['androgen']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study aimed to assess @entity158 and quality of life in a large cohort of @entity1 with @entity5607 . METHODS: All 322 known @entity1 with @entity5607 in The Netherlands were asked to participate. An age-specific questionnaire was sent to @entity1 (less than eighteen years old) and adults. The questionnaire focused on @entity158 , daily activities, and school and/or professional situation. Adults also filled out the RAND-36 questionnaire. Results were statistically analyzed with use of the SPSS 15.0 software and with the chi-square test and multiple logistic regression. A p value of <0.05 was regarded as significant. RESULTS: Two hundred and eighty-three @entity1 (88%), including 184 adults (65%) and ninety-nine @entity1 (35%), completed the questionnaire. Multiple hereditary exostoses resulted in various physical and social consequences. The majority of adults (119) were employed; however, thirty-three (28%) had changed jobs because of the symptoms of @entity5607 and twenty-five (21%) required adjustments in their working environment. Of the sixty-five adults who were not employed, thirteen were medically unfit to work. Of eighty-five @entity1 attending school, forty-five (53%) experienced problems at school. The symptoms of @entity5607 caused twenty-seven @entity1 (27%) and eighty-five adults (46%) to stop participating in sporting activities. @entity158 was the greatest problem, with sixty-two @entity1 (63%) and 152 adults (83%) who reported recent @entity158 . On multivariate analysis, @entity158 in adults was correlated most significantly with age and problems at work, and @entity158 in @entity1 was correlated with the perception of the disease and problems at school. Adult @entity1 with @entity5607 had a lower quality of life than the Dutch reference groups, with lower scores on six of eight RAND-36 subscales. CONCLUSIONS: Our study confirms that @entity5607 is a @entity102 causing a profound impact on quality of life. The results suggest that @entity158 is not the only problem associated with @entity5607 , as it has an extensive influence on daily activities, as well as on social and psychological well-being, causing significant disability.

title: XXXX , physical and social functioning, and quality of life in individuals with @entity5607 in The Netherlands: a national cohort study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic disease']

entities_list: @entity5607 :: ('MESH:D005097', 'Disease') :: ['multiple hereditary exostoses']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['Pain']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: @entity1 undergoing upper @entity1820 surgery were noted to suffer loss of taste and/or smell, a previously unreported problem. Our aim was to investigate the extent of this phenomenon, quantify recovery time, and identify potentially associated factors. METHODS: In this retrospective study, a postal questionnaire was sent to all @entity1 still alive after oesophagectomy or gastrectomy, with a minimum 1-year follow-up and no clinical or radiological evidence of recurrence. Data were analysed for prevalence of deficit in relation to operation, age, sex, @entity1576 , and disease stage. RESULTS: A total of 109/119 (92%) @entity1 completed the questionnaire: 50 gastrectomies and 69 oesophagectomies. Ten @entity1 were excluded with prior @entity51 . Overall, 45/99 @entity1 (45%) suffered deficit (M:F = 1.6:1). No association was found with type of surgery: deficits for subtotal gastrectomy, total gastrectomy, and oesophagectomy were 44, 46 and 46% respectively (chi(2) = 0.355, 2 df P > 0.5). No other parameter was associated, and full recovery occurred in 30 @entity1 (67%) within a mean of 6 months. CONCLUSIONS: Loss of taste and smell occurs in nearly one-half of all cases after upper gastrointestinal surgery. The pathophysiology is unknown, but it resolves in most @entity1 within 6-12 months. This complication should be discussed as part of informed consent for @entity1 undergoing @entity5 surgery.

title: Postoperative taste and smell deficit after upper XXXX surgery--an unreported complication.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['oesophagogastric cancer']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['sensory deficit']

entities_list: @entity1820 :: ('MESH:D005770', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal cancer']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory complications']

answer: @entity1820 :: (MESH:D005770,Disease) :: ['gastrointestinal cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Transpupillary thermotherapy is a relatively new method for the treatment of @entity320 . We present a systematic survey of the current literature. METHOD: A temperature rise in the @entity5 ranging from 45-60 degrees C is achieved by an infrared laser beam delivered through the dilated pupil. With a modified delivery system beam widths between 1 and 3 mm and exposure times of one minute are generated. Thus, @entity5 of up to 4 mm thickness are treatable. TTT can be used as a single treatment procedure or in combination with brachytherapy. RESULTS: Several studies presented in the literature show a satisfactory @entity5 control. However, there is a significant risk of vision threatening side effects like @entity732 or retinal traction in selected cases. CONCLUSION: The TTT is a minimal invasive procedure for the treatment of flat @entity320 of the posterior pole which is capable of achieving a good @entity5 control. Studies with more @entity1 and longer follow-up will demonstrate if TTT is also beneficial in the longterm management of @entity320 .

title: [What is the value of transpupillary thermotherapy in treatment of flat XXXX ? A systematic review of the literature?].

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'local tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity732 :: ('MESH:D015356', 'Disease') :: ['retinal vascular occlusion']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['choroidal melanomas']

answer: @entity320 :: (MESH:D008545,Disease) :: ['posterior choroid melanomas']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Recurrence of @entity955 ( @entity955 ) after electrical cardioversion (ECV) is increased in @entity1 with @entity27 ( @entity27 ). In @entity1 with persistent @entity955 , with (n=40) and without (n=32) @entity1576 ( @entity1576 ) during sedation for ECV, we determined the occurrence of @entity11706 ( @entity11706 ) before and after insertion of a nasopharyngeal tube. The influence of acute @entity1576 on atrial electrophysiology after termination of @entity955 was studied in @entity1707 . Incidence of @entity11706 directly after ECV was higher in @entity1 with @entity1576 compared to those without @entity1576 (7  2 versus 1  1 per 10   s, respectively; p<0.01). Occurrence of @entity11706 could be reduced by 79% by insertion of a nasopharyngeal tube. In a subsequent sleeping study, @entity1 with @entity1576 had higher apnoea-hypopnoea indices and more @entity11706 during night. 16 @entity1 with and four @entity1 without @entity1576 had a relapse of @entity955 during 1   week after ECV (p<0.01). In @entity1707 , acute @entity1576 after 30   mins of @entity955 increased occurrence of @entity11706 and vulnerability for reinduction of @entity955 , which could be attenuated by @entity3897 , beta-blockers and renal denervation. @entity1576 are associated with increased occurrence of @entity11706 and more early relapse of @entity955 . @entity1576 increase occurrence of @entity11706 and vulnerability for reinduction of @entity955 by sympathovagal imbalance.

title: Obstructive respiratory events and XXXX after cardioversion.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity11706 :: ('MESH:D018880', 'Disease') :: ['premature atrial contractions', 'PACs']

entities_list: @entity27 :: ('MESH:D020181', 'Disease') :: ['obstructive sleep apnoea', 'OSA']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['OREs', 'obstructive respiratory events']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation', 'AF']

entities_list: @entity3897 :: ('MESH:D001285', 'Chemical') :: ['atropine']

answer: @entity11706 :: (MESH:D018880,Disease) :: ['premature atrial contractions']


abstract: ACTH is the major trophic factor regulating and maintaining adrenocortical function, affecting such diverse processes as steroidogenesis, cell proliferation, cell migration, and cell survival. We used differential display RT-PCR to identify genes that are rapidly induced by ACTH in the @entity291 adrenal cortex. Of 42 PCR products differentially amplified from primary cultures of @entity291 adrenocortical cells treated with 10 nM ACTH, six identified mRNAs that were confirmed by Northern blot analysis to be induced by ACTH. Four of these amplicons encoded noninformative repetitive sequences. Of the other two sequenced amplicons, one encoded a partial sequence for mitochondrial @entity921 -dependent @entity224 dismutase ( @entity26168 ), an enzyme that is likely to protect adrenocortical cells from the cytotoxic effects of radical @entity26 species generated during @entity134 biosynthesis. The second was identified as TIS11b ( @entity1359 -inducible sequence 11b)/ @entity62457 /cMG, a member of the CCCH double-zinc finger protein family. @entity26168 induction by ACTH was independent of extracellular @entity134 concentration or oxidative stress. @entity26168 and TIS11b mRNA expressions were rapidly induced by ACTH, reaching a maximal level after 8 h and 3 h of treatment, respectively. These ACTH effects were mimicked by @entity1928 but appeared independent of @entity701 secretion. Upon ACTH treatment, induction of TIS11b expression closely followed the previously characterized peak of @entity25805 ( @entity25805 ) expression. Transfection of a TIS11b expression plasmid into 3T3 fibroblasts induced a decrease in the expression of a reporter gene placed upstream of the @entity25805 3'-untranslated region, indicating that TIS11b may be an important regulator of @entity25805 expression through interaction with its 3'-untranslated region.

title: Identification of two novel ACTH-responsive genes encoding @entity921 -dependent @entity224 dismutase ( XXXX ) and the zinc finger protein TIS11b [tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate (TPA)-inducible sequence 11b].

entities_list: @entity921 :: ('MESH:D008345', 'Chemical') :: ['manganese']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity1359 :: ('CHEBI:37537', 'Chemical') :: ['phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide']

entities_list: @entity25805 :: ('281572(Tax:9913)', 'Gene') :: ['VEGF', 'vascular endothelial growth factor']

entities_list: @entity1928 :: ('MESH:D005576', 'Chemical') :: ['forskolin']

answer: @entity26168 :: (104973000,Gene) :: ['SOD2']