abstract: OBJECTIVES: Investigations of pediatric @entity3124 focus on inpatient cohorts drawn from wide referral areas and diverse healthcare systems. Cohorts amenable to investigating the full spectrum of @entity3124 as it develops within a community have yet to be studied in the United States. Our objective was to provide the first epidemiologic report of the incidence and presentation of pediatric @entity3124 within a U.S. population-based birth cohort. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: A geographically defined community (Olmsted, MN) with medical record linkage across all health systems. All ICU services are provided within a single @entity1 's hospital. @entity1 : A birth cohort of @entity1 (n =9,441) born 2003-2007 in Olmsted County, MN. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: During the study period, there were a total of 15,277 ICU admissions to Mayo Clinic @entity1 's Hospital. A total of 577 birth cohort @entity1 accounted for 824 of these admissions during the 61,770 @entity1 -years of follow-up accumulated. Incidence of first-time ICU admission was 9.3 admits per 1,000 @entity1 -years. Admission rates were highest in the first year of life and then declined steadily. Respiratory problems were among the most common reasons for admission at any age and diagnoses reflect changes in health risk factors as @entity1 grow and develop over time. After 1 year old, a majority of @entity1 admitted have preexisting chronic comorbidities and/or prior ICU stays. In-hospital mortality occurred exclusively in @entity1 admitted prior to 5 days of age (n = 4). Seven @entity1 died after hospital discharge. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report characterizing @entity3124 within a population-based birth cohort of U.S. @entity1 . The results demonstrate the changing incidence, presentation, and healthcare requirements associated with @entity3124 across the developmental spectrum as a population of @entity1 ages.

title: Epidemiology of Pediatric XXXX in a Population-Based Birth Cohort in Olmsted County, MN.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children', 'PATIENTS', 'person']

entities_list: @entity3124 :: ('MESH:D016638', 'Disease') :: ['critical illness typically', 'critical illness']

answer: @entity3124 :: (MESH:D016638,Disease) :: ['Critical Illness']


abstract: The antitumour activity of @entity1205 was investigated in @entity1 with advanced @entity320 . @entity1205 , 100 mg/m2, intravenous, over 60 min, was administered every 3 weeks. Response evaluation was performed after two cycles. No prophylactic treatment with @entity230 or antihistamines was given. 38 @entity1 were included, 36 were eligible and evaluable for @entity137 and 30 @entity1 were evaluable for response. The main haematological @entity137 was @entity1398 [17 @entity1 with common @entity137 criteria (CTC) grade 4 and 11 CTC grade 3] with nadir after 5-8 days and rapid recovery. The most frequent non-haematological @entity137 was generalised @entity1665 (83% of the @entity1 ). Asthenia, @entity1295 also seen in 58%. @entity137 was also frequent. @entity56 ( @entity1910 , @entity110 , blood pressure changes and @entity591 ), seen in 42% of the @entity1 , were mild to moderate. @entity4 was registered in one fifth of the @entity1 and developed after four or more treatment cycles. The overall response rate in the evaluable @entity1 was 17% (five partial responders). We conclude that @entity1205 has activity in advanced @entity320 .

title: @entity1205 (Taxotere) in advanced XXXX : a phase II study of the EORTC Early Clinical Trials Group.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'Skin toxicity']

entities_list: @entity1910 :: ('MESH:D005076', 'Disease') :: ['erythematous rash']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['Oedema']

entities_list: @entity1295 :: ('MESH:D005221', 'Disease') :: ['malaise and fatigue were']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['Hypersensitivity reactions']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity1205 :: ('MESH:C067311', 'Chemical') :: ['docetaxel', 'Docetaxel']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['malignant melanoma']

entities_list: @entity110 :: ('MESH:D014581', 'Disease') :: ['urticaria']

answer: @entity320 :: (MESH:D008545,Disease) :: ['malignant melanoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate a complex association among intake of dietary @entity560 , @entity460 , and @entity904 , and @entity788 risk. METHODS: @entity788 cases (n  =  532) diagnosed in 1995-1999 were identified using rapid case ascertainment methods and were frequency matched to population-based controls (n  =  1,701) in the San Francisco Bay Area. Detailed dietary data were collected during in- @entity1 interviews using a validated semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire. Adjusted unconditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and confidence intervals. RESULTS: In @entity1 , increased @entity788 risk was associated with currently recommended dietary @entity560 intake levels (highest (>= 450  IU/day) vs. lowest (<150  IU/day) intake, OR  =  2.6, trend-p  =  0.009) and total @entity560 intake from diet and supplements (for <800  IU/day). ORs for dietary @entity560 intake remained increased after adjustment for intake of @entity904 and @entity460 , although confidence intervals included unity. Stratified analyses showed that ORs were higher among @entity1 with lower intake of @entity904 and lower physical activity but there was no evidence of statistical interaction. No associations with @entity560 intake were observed among @entity1 , although ORs typically were elevated. ORs increased with increased dietary @entity460 intake among @entity1 (trend-p  =  0.008) and not @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Our results among @entity1 showing an increased risk of @entity788 associated with dietary intake of @entity560 and of @entity460 require confirmation in further studies. Continued investigation is needed to clarify the complex role of @entity560 and @entity460 in @entity788 risk and to determine their optimal intake level and preventive effects for @entity788 .

title: @entity560 , @entity460 , and XXXX intake, and @entity788 in a population-based case-control study in the San Francisco Bay area.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'person', 'men']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['Pancreatic cancer', 'pancreatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity904 :: ('MESH:D014801', 'Chemical') :: ['retinol']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity560 :: ('MESH:D014807', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin D']

answer: @entity904 :: (MESH:D014801,Chemical) :: ['retinol']


abstract: In 1971 and 1973, Yoshida, et al. reported a higher relative risk of @entity150 among the workers of dyeing factories in Kyoto city. In order to confirm this, death certificates in Kyoto city from 1969 to 1972 were retrospectively investigated. Kyoto city was devided into three areas, that is, areas with high, medium and low clusterings of dyeing factories, and the differences of the mortality rates of all causes of @entity204 among these three areas were examined. As a result of this study, a statistically significant difference of the mortality rate of @entity150 could not be found for males. But, the relative risk of @entity150 in the areas with high and medium clusterings of dyeing factories compared to the area with low was found to be 1.45. Therefore, the relationship between dyeing work and @entity150 could not necessarily be denied. It is, thus, necessary to carry out a prospective study, by which a more precise result can be obtained. In addition, our study revealed a significantly high mortality rate of @entity1489 among the areas with high and medium clusterings of dyeing factories for males, observing a relative risk of 3.88. The observed association between @entity1489 and dyeing work should be further studied.

title: [Mortality rates by causes of XXXX in the area aggregated by dyeing factories in Kyoto (author's transl)].

entities_list: @entity1489 :: ('MESH:D012878', 'Disease') :: ['skin cancer']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder cancer', 'urinary bladder cancer']

answer: @entity204 :: (MESH:D003643,Disease) :: ['deaths']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Robust colony formation by @entity3881 is recognized as one of the sessile, multicellular lifestyles of this bacterium. Numerous pathways and genes are responsible for the architecturally complex colony structure development. Cells in the biofilm colony secrete @entity16290 ( @entity16290 ) and protein components (TasA and the hydrophobin BslA) that hold them together and provide a protective hydrophobic shield. Cells also secrete surfactin with antimicrobial as well as surface tension reducing properties that aid cells to colonize the solid surface. Depending on the environmental conditions, these secreted components of the colony biofilm can also promote the flagellum-independent surface spreading of @entity3881 , called sliding. In this study, we emphasize the influence of @entity141 in the medium on colony expansion of @entity3881 . Interestingly, the availability of @entity141 has no major impact on the induction of complex colony morphology. However, in the absence of this divalent ion, peripheral cells of the colony expand radially at later stages of development, causing colony size to increase. We demonstrate that the secreted extracellular compounds, @entity16290 , BslA, and surfactin facilitate colony expansion after biofilm maturation. We propose that @entity141 hinders biofilm colony expansion by modifying the amphiphilic properties of surfactin.

title: Presence of Calcium Lowers the Expansion of XXXX Colony Biofilms.

entities_list: @entity3881 :: ('1423', 'Species') :: ['Bacillus subtilis', 'B. subtilis']

entities_list: @entity16290 :: ('MESH:C564877', 'Disease') :: ['extracellular polysaccharides', 'EPS']

answer: @entity3881 :: (1423,Species) :: ['Bacillus subtilis']


abstract: We have pursued our analysis of a @entity320 @entity1 who showed almost complete @entity5 regression following vaccination with @entity6472 and @entity5840 antigens. We previously described high frequencies of @entity5 -specific CTL precursors in blood samples collected after but also before vaccination. A set of CTL clones were derived that recognized antigens different from those of the vaccine. Two of these antigens were peptides encoded by another MAGE gene, @entity6473 . Here we describe the antigen recognized by another @entity5 -specific CTL clone. It proved to be a third antigenic peptide encoded by gene @entity6473 , ASSTLYLVF. It is presented by HLA-B57 molecules and proteasome-dependent. @entity5 cells exposed to @entity379 ( @entity379 ) were better recognized by the anti- @entity6473 (42-50) CTL clone. This mainly resulted from a better processing of the peptide by the immunoproteasome as compared to the standard proteasome. Mass spectrometric analyses showed that the latter destroyed the antigenic peptide by cleaving between two internal hydrophobic residues. Despite its higher "chymotryptic-like" (posthydrophobic) activity, the immunoproteasome did not cleave at this position, in line with the suggestion that hydrophobic residues immediately downstream from a cleavage site impair cleavage by the immunoproteasome. We previously reported that one of the other @entity6473 peptides recognized by CTL from this @entity1 was also better processed by the immunoproteasome. Together, these results support the notion that the @entity5 regression of this @entity1 was mediated by an antitumor response shaped by @entity379 and dominated by CTL directed against peptides that are better produced by the immunoproteasome, such as the @entity6473 peptides.

title: A @entity6473 antigenic peptide processed by the immunoproteasome is recognized by cytolytic T cells isolated from a @entity320 XXXX after successful immunotherapy.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor']

entities_list: @entity379 :: ('3458', 'Gene') :: ['IFN-y', 'interferon-gamma']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: OPINION STATEMENT: @entity1161 ( @entity1161 ) is one of the most effective agents available in the treatment of @entity706 . However, it is a local treatment, and today, with systemic treatments assuming a primary role for induction of response, @entity1161 is primarily used for consolidation. For advanced stage @entity706 , the indications for the use of @entity1161 have been questioned and debated, and proper randomized evidence is sparse. @entity1161 has significant long-term side effects, and the very extended @entity1161 fields of the past yielded unacceptable @entity137 in many @entity1 . Modern advanced imaging and conformal @entity1161 techniques now enable treatment of larger and anatomically more challenging target volumes with much less radiation to normal tissues and consequently much lower risks of long-term complications. The modern concept of involved site radiation therapy (ISRT) has now been accepted as standard in @entity706 . In advanced @entity978 ( @entity978 ), @entity66 and/or initial bulk benefits some @entity1 , depending on the chemotherapy regimen used. The more intensive the chemotherapy regimen, the fewer @entity1 benefit from @entity1161 . In advanced aggressive @entity1893 ( @entity1893 ), most of the evidence comes from the most common type, the @entity1892 ( @entity1892 ). In @entity1 treated with modern immunochemotherapy, @entity1161 to initial bulky disease or extralymphatic involvement is beneficial. For both @entity978 and @entity1893 , @entity1161 to residual masses after systemic treatment is of benefit. The role of PET in the evaluation and indication for @entity1161 to residual masses has not been tested in randomized trials. In advanced indolent @entity1893 , very low dose @entity1161 offers excellent palliation with very few side effects. Modern @entity1161 in @entity706 warrants further evaluation in randomized trials.

title: Does Radiation Have a Role in Advanced Stage Hodgkin's or XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['RT to residual disease']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['advanced lymphomas', 'lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity1161 :: ('MESH:D011832', 'Disease') :: ['RT', 'Radiation therapy']

entities_list: @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ['DLBCL', 'diffuse large B cell lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ['NHL', 'non-Hodgkin lymphoma', 'aggressive NHL']

entities_list: @entity978 :: ('MESH:D006689', 'Disease') :: ['HL', 'Hodgkin lymphoma']

answer: @entity1893 :: (MESH:D008228,Disease) :: ['Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity2299 in @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 is characterized by elevated @entity412 levels, decreased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) @entity165 , and a predominance of small dense low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles. Also, @entity1 suffer from @entity102 , increased hormonal visceral adipose tissue activity, and an increased risk of cardiovascular events. The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of a fixed @entity12098   +   @entity2449 (PM) combination (vs. @entity16024   +   @entity2449 [GM]) on @entity6 . RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: A total of 288 @entity164 2 @entity6 @entity1 completed this double-blind parallel study (187 @entity1 , 101 @entity1 ; age [mean        SD], 59        10 years; body mass index, 32.6        5.1   kg/m(2); hemoglobin A1c [HbA1c], 7.3        0.8%). They were randomized to PM or GM for 6 months. Observation parameters at baseline and end point included HDL, LDL, @entity1674 , fasting insulin, fasting @entity413 , total @entity1254 , intact proinsulin, and high-sensitivity C-reactive peptide (hsCRP). RESULTS: HDL increased in the PM group by 0.08        0.25   mmol/L (GM, -0.01        0.2.8   mmol/L; P   <   0.001 vs. PM), whereas LDL increased in both groups (GM, 0.25        0.90   mmol/L; PM, 0.29        0.66   mmol/L; difference not significant between groups). Improvements were seen for @entity1674 (PM, -0.47        1.30; GM, -0.19        1.39   mmol/L), HbA1c (PM, -0.8        0.9%; GM, -1.0        0.9%), and @entity413 (PM, -1.2        2.1; GM, -1.2        2.2   mmol/L). Decreases in fasting insulin (PM, -5.2        11.9; GM, -0.1        9.8  U/mL; P   <   0.001 between groups), hsCRP (PM, -0.9        1.9; GM, 0.0        1.8   mg/L; P   <   0.001), and fasting intact proinsulin (PM, -5.5        11.1; GM, -0.1        10.0   pmol/L; P   <   0.001) and an increase in @entity1254 (PM, +6.8        6.4   mg/L; GM, +0.7        2.7   mg/L; P   <   0.001) were seen in the PM arm, only. CONCLUSIONS: With comparable glycemic control, the fixed PM combination was more efficacious on HDL @entity165 improvement than the GM combination. Additional positive effects were observed for biomarkers of lipid metabolism, b-cell function, activity of the visceral adipose tissue, and @entity32 .

title: PIOfix-study: effects of XXXX / @entity2449 fixed combination in comparison with a combination of @entity2449 with @entity16024 on @entity6 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['chronic systemic inflammation']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes', 'diabetic dyslipidemia']

entities_list: @entity2299 :: ('MESH:D050171', 'Disease') :: ['Dyslipidemia']

entities_list: @entity16024 :: ('MESH:C057619', 'Chemical') :: ['glimepiride']

entities_list: @entity12098 :: ('MESH:C060836', 'Chemical') :: ['pioglitazone']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['b-cell dysfunction, chronic systemic inflammation']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

entities_list: @entity2449 :: ('MESH:D008687', 'Chemical') :: ['metformin']

answer: @entity12098 :: (MESH:C060836,Chemical) :: ['pioglitazone']


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: Age related decline in food intake is associated with various physiological, psychological and social factors. Our aim was to assess the nutritional status of our elderly @entity1 and its association with other @entity751 . METHODS: In this cross-sectional population based study, Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) test was used to evaluate nutritional status of 413 elderly @entity1 who were admitted to our outpatient clinic in the last 12 months. MNA test results were compared with the laboratory findings and established @entity751 . RESULTS: Poor nutritional status was found in 44% of the @entity1 (n=181: 13% @entity3147 , 31% @entity3147 risk). @entity3147 rate was higher among those with subsequent hospitalization (n=122, 25% vs 8%). @entity1 with poor nutritional status had lower blood haemoglobin, serum total protein and albumin, and revealed more @entity102 (6    2 vs 3    2, p<0.0001). @entity1 with @entity308 , @entity1241 , @entity73 showed poor nutritional status according to MNA test results. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3147 rate of our @entity1 was comparable with the previous data. @entity3147 risk showed positive correlation with the number of existing @entity751 . @entity308 , @entity303 , functional @entity734 and multiple co-morbidities were associated with poor nutritional status.

title: @entity3147 in the elderly and its relationship with other XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['decreased cognitive function and functional dependence']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic diseases and geriatric syndromes']

entities_list: @entity751 :: ('MESH:D013577', 'Disease') :: ['geriatric syndromes']

entities_list: @entity3147 :: ('MESH:D044342', 'Disease') :: ['malnutrition', 'Malnutrition']

entities_list: @entity1241 :: ('MESH:D005242', 'Disease') :: ['fecal incontinence']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['dependence']

answer: @entity751 :: (MESH:D013577,Disease) :: ['geriatric syndromes']


abstract: (1) Most cases of high-grade @entity11931 and @entity5 are caused by @entity1082 ) genotypes 16 and 18. @entity1185 and @entity6205 acuminata are mainly caused by HPV6 and HPV11. (2) A recombinant vaccine covering these four genotypes is now marketed in the European Union for the prevention of @entity6205 , @entity1613 , and @entity5 of the female lower genital tract. (3) A three-dose vaccination schedule (0, 2 and 6 months) elicits an immune response in almost all @entity1 , but the minimum antibody titre required for clinical protection is not known. Immune protection lasts at least 5 years, but no one knows what happens after that time. (4) Three double-blind randomised placebo-controlled trials involving a total of about 18 000 @entity1 aged 16 to 23 had sufficiently similar designs to pool results for analysis. Nearly all (around 98%) of @entity1 not yet infected with papillomavirus of a genotype covered by the vaccine were protected from @entity1141 caused by one of these genotypes. The vaccine did not affect @entity1141 caused by other genotypes, nor was it effective in @entity1 who were already infected. In total, among @entity1 not yet infected with a papillomavirus genotype covered by the vaccine, the vaccine prevented about 38% of high-grade @entity1141 of all types (0.5 versus 0.8 cases per 100 @entity1 -years). (5) The vaccine also markedly reduced the incidence of genital warts and high-grade vulvar and @entity365 . There are no data on efficacy beyond 4.5 years. (6) These results are somewhat undermined by methodological problems, such as follow-up lasting only a maximum of 4.5 years whereas @entity5 takes much longer to develop. In addition, there were very few cases of @entity1141 in each trial, and results were largely based on post hoc subgroup analyses. (7) Apart from local reactions, which occurred in more than 80% of vaccinated @entity1 , the only adverse effect of papillomavirus vaccination was fever (12.9% of those on the vaccine versus 11% on placebo). (8) There is no evidence thus far that prenatal exposure due to HPV vaccination during the month preceding conception is harmful. (9) The clinical results are promising but further follow-up is needed to answer ongoing questions, such as the incidence of @entity5 after vaccination and the duration of protection. @entity5 screening remains necessary, even for vaccinated @entity1 , and a continued need exists for measures designed to prevent all @entity2953 .

title: XXXX vaccine for genotypes 6, 11, 16 and 18: new drug. @entity5 prevention: high hopes....

entities_list: @entity6205 :: ('MESH:D062688', 'Disease') :: ['condyloma']

entities_list: @entity2953 :: ('MESH:D012749', 'Disease') :: ['sexually transmitted diseases']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'cervical cancer', 'malignancy', 'Cervical cancer']

entities_list: @entity11931 :: ('MESH:C567475', 'Disease') :: ['anogenital dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity1185 :: ('MESH:D010212', 'Disease') :: ['Anogenital papilloma']

entities_list: @entity1082 :: ('10566', 'Species') :: ['human papillomavirus (HPV']

entities_list: @entity1613 :: ('MESH:D011230', 'Disease') :: ['precancerous lesions']

entities_list: @entity365 :: ('MESH:D014627', 'Disease') :: ['vaginal dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['dysplasia', 'dysplasias']

answer: @entity1082 :: (10566,Species) :: ['Human papillomavirus']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To present our experience in treating @entity1462 in the oral cavity solely by injecting @entity1068 into the lesions. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We treated 26 @entity1 (12 @entity1 and 14 @entity1 ) with @entity600 . The diagnosis was based on clinical findings (n=26), magnetic resonance imaging studies (n=19), angiography findings (n=5), and direct puncture venography (n=2). To achieve @entity1463 , we administered absolute @entity1068 through direct puncture. All interventions were performed under deep sedation. RESULTS: The @entity1462 treated ranged from 7mm to 60mm (median: 24.5mm) in maximum diameter and had been present in the oral cavity for 0.2 to 54 years (mean: 13.6 years). The median age of the @entity1 was 44.5 years (range: 12-87 years). The reason for treatment of the @entity600 was: an increase in size (n=8), local @entity548 (n=11), risk of @entity548 during dental extraction (n=5), @entity158 (n=1), and esthetic purposes (n=3). Lesions were located in the mucosa of the cheek (n=12), in the @entity1464 (n=5), in the labial mucosa (n=6), in the tongue (n=3), in the pterygomandibular region (n=1), and in the palate (n=1). The median dose of @entity1068 was 3.2mL. @entity75 disappeared after a single injection session, five after two sessions, two after three sessions, and one after five sessions. In 20 cases all signs of the lesions disappeared, in 6 a bluish macule persisted, and in 2 a mass effect persisted. The symptoms improved in all @entity1 . Only transient complications of sclerotherapy were observed: @entity32 , perioral @entity809 in two @entity1 , and @entity39 of the mucosa of the cheek in one. CONCLUSIONS: @entity167 sclerotherapy is an efficacious procedure for treating @entity1462 in the oral cavity.

title: @entity167 sclerotherapy to treat XXXX in the oral cavity.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['local inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1464 :: ('MESH:D005889', 'Disease') :: ['facial gingiva']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['Twenty lesions']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['Alcohol']

entities_list: @entity809 :: ('MESH:D010292', 'Disease') :: ['paresthesia']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['oral malformations', 'malformation']

entities_list: @entity1463 :: ('MESH:D012598', 'Disease') :: ['sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity1462 :: ('MESH:D054079', 'Disease') :: ['vascular malformations']

answer: @entity1462 :: (MESH:D054079,Disease) :: ['vascular malformations']


abstract: Results of radiation therapy following breast-conserving surgery were analyzed for 410 @entity1 with clinical Stage I-II mammary @entity189 having a minimum and median follow-up time of 5 years and 11 years, respectively. Crude survival rates were 82.2% at 5 years, 62.5% at 10 years, and 45.4% at 15 years. Local-regional recurrence was observed in 9.7% of @entity1 . Seventy-five percent of these recurrences could be controlled locally by further treatment. Both local recurrences and metastatic deaths were more frequent in @entity1 in clinical Stage II and in @entity1 40 years of age or younger. The cosmetic result was judged good to excellent in 77% of @entity1 , with unacceptable results in 6.7%. The majority of poor results were seen in @entity1 receiving 60 Gy or more to the entire breast. Arm @entity4 occurred in 25% of @entity1 having had axillary dissection, and in 3.4% of @entity1 without axillary surgery. @entity4 was confined mainly to @entity1 having had axillary doses of 60 Gy or more, and was @entity717 . This study demonstrates that excellent long-term results are obtainable with breast-conserving techniques in early @entity0 . Satisfactory cosmetic results and a very low complication rate can be expected if extensive axillary surgery is avoided in conjunction with axillary radiation, and if the radiation dose applied to large treatment volumes is restricted to 50 Gy.

title: Conservation treatment of early XXXX : long term results and complications.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['edema', 'Edema']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['never disabling']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: CONTEXT: Hypothesis-free approaches such as proteomic analysis may identify novel biomarkers for disease. OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to compare the plasma proteome of @entity1 presenting with the @entity3610 ( @entity3610 ) with that of @entity1 without @entity3428 . DESIGN: This was a case-control study. SETTINGS: The study was conducted at an academic hospital. @entity1 : @entity1 included 12 @entity3610 @entity1 and 12 @entity1 without @entity3428 . INTERVENTIONS: Interventions included basal blood sampling. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Two-dimensional difference in-gel electrophoresis, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry, Western blot, and ELISA analyses were measured. RESULTS: Two-dimensional difference in-gel electrophoresis and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry analyses identified @entity2104 beta-chain and @entity5843 as proteins underexpressed in @entity3610 samples, whereas @entity69 and kappa-free light chain were overexpressed. We were able to confirm only the underexpression of @entity2104 beta-chain in subsequent Western blot and ELISA analyses. CONCLUSIONS: Proteomic analysis of plasma from @entity3610 @entity1 revealed changes in protein expression in several acute-phase response proteins including isoforms of plasma @entity2104 , @entity5843 , and @entity69 and in kappa-free light chain. In addition to their role as inflammatory markers, some of these molecules play major roles in @entity68 metabolism, further suggesting that @entity68 metabolism and low-grade chronic @entity32 may be involved in the pathogenesis of insulin-resistant disorders such as @entity3610 .

title: Proteomic analysis of plasma in the @entity3610 identifies novel markers involved in @entity68 metabolism, acute-phase response, and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity3610 :: ('MESH:D011085', 'Disease') :: ['polycystic ovary syndrome', 'PCOS']

entities_list: @entity5843 :: ('2', 'Gene') :: ['alpha2-macroglobulin']

entities_list: @entity3428 :: ('MESH:D017588', 'Disease') :: ['hyperandrogenism']

answer: @entity32 :: (MESH:D007249,Disease) :: ['inflammation']


abstract: PURPOSE: The inflammatory response to peritoneal injury is considered to be of particular importance in adhesion formation. The aim of this study was to investigate the dynamics of inflammatory mediators in peritoneal adhesions. METHODS: In 60 male @entity35 , a peritoneal defect was performed using a standardized cecal abrasion model. On days 3, 5, 14, 30, 60, and 90, ten animals were sacrificed. The expression of five integral mediators for the cellular immune response (macrophages, T lymphocytes), @entity32 ( @entity4665 ), cell differentiation, and proliferation (  -catenin, @entity4569 ) in visceral and parietal adhesions were analyzed. RESULTS: A distinct infiltration of macrophages was observed in all animals up to the 90th postoperative day with a peak on day 3 for visceral adhesions (26.3        5.6%) and on day 14 for parietal adhesions (5.1        1.1%). Compared to parietal adhesions, macrophage levels were significantly higher on day 3 (p   =   0.001) and 5 (p   =   0.002) but significantly lower on days 30, 60, and 90 in visceral adhesions (p   =   0.041; p   =   0.001; p   =   0.017). T lymphocytes were detected over time with the highest levels on day 3 (visceral 4.0        0.7%; parietal 6.7        2.9%). High levels of @entity4665 expression could be detected for the whole observation period. Positive expression of both   -catenin and @entity4569 was detected in persistent adhesions; however, no expression of @entity4569 was observed in parietal adhesions. CONCLUSIONS: The inflammatory reaction in adhesions is not limited to the early postoperative phase. Macrophages may be fundamental in triggering adhesions, and the presence of T cells indicates an additional role of the adoptive immune system. Identification of chemokines and chemokine receptors that trigger the cellular immune response might be a potential option to minimize adhesion formation.

title: Chronological evaluation of inflammatory mediators during peritoneal adhesion formation using a XXXX model.

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: We observed 10-year radiographic outcomes in @entity1 with @entity309 factor positive @entity309 prospectively. Group I, II, and III comprised 87, 125, and 89 consecutive subjects with disease duration at presentation of less than 4, 4-24, and 25-255 months, respectively. Initial therapy was with combinations of pulse intravenous (i.v.) @entity1667 (0-125 mg), @entity786 (100-200 mg), @entity1499 ( @entity1500 , 5-15 i.v. mg/week) and simultaneous oral @entity205 (CSA, 25 mg bid/tid). After disease was controlled i.v. therapy was tapered and switched to oral @entity1500 + @entity870 . Outcomes from the Larsen Index and Erosive Joint Count were compared in cases and in dropouts with baseline and each other. Significant improvement in the Larsen Index and Erosive Joint Count was observed in Group I (p < 0.0001). In Group II and III the improvement or deterioration was not significant. The Larsen Index and Erosive Joint Count deteriorated significantly in the dropouts compared with baseline and cases (p < 0.0001). In conclusion, in early RA, in a Malayo-Polynesian @entity1 sample, radiological progression could be halted with aggressive combination treatment.

title: Ten-year radiographic outcome in XXXX with @entity309 factor positive @entity309 treated with aggressive immunosuppressive combination therapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1667 :: ('MESH:D008775', 'Chemical') :: ['methylprednisolone']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporin A']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'rheumatoid']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: The objective of the study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of temperature-controlled radiofrequency (RF) tonsil ablation in the treatment of @entity7868 caused by @entity102 with caseum. The study method was retrospective. The medical records of 58 @entity1 undergoing temperature-controlled RF tonsil ablation due to @entity102 with caseum between November 1, 2005 and November 30, 2008 were reviewed. Forty-nine (84.4%) of 58 @entity1 reported complete disappearance of bad breath after the first treatment; five @entity1 (8.6%) reported as having insufficient improvement and four (6.9%) @entity1 had no change. Two @entity1 from "insufficient group" and all four @entity1 from "no change" group agreed to a repeat treatment. After the second session, four (6.9%) @entity1 reported @entity7868 with the disappearance of caseum formation. But two @entity1 still suffered from @entity7868 . One of these @entity1 underwent tonsillectomy, other @entity1 is under our follow-up. Overall, complete elimination of @entity7868 was accomplished with one session in 49 (84.4%) @entity1 , two sessions in four (6.9%) @entity1 , making a total of 53 (91.3%) @entity1 . Postoperative morbidities included one transient mild @entity548 , one secondary @entity548 and one mild @entity4 . Temperature-controlled RF tonsil ablation is an effective method for treating @entity7868 which derived from @entity102 with caseum. This well-tolerated technique avoids the post-procedure morbidities and discomfort of more invasive surgical modalities currently used.

title: Temperature-controlled radiofrequency tonsil ablation for the treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity7868 :: ('MESH:D006209', 'Disease') :: ['halitosis', 'complete disappearance of halitosis']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic tonsillitis']

answer: @entity7868 :: (MESH:D006209,Disease) :: ['halitosis']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: In this article, the aim of the authors is to discuss their experience with skull base reconstruction in endoscopic transsphenoidal and extended transsphenoidal surgery for @entity977 resection. METHODS: Between January 1997 and January 2008, 665 @entity1 underwent either transnasal transsphenoidal endoscopic or extended transsphenoidal surgery for @entity977 . In @entity1 without intraoperative @entity2841 leak, we prefer to pack the surgical cavity with absorbable material, such as collagen sponge (Gelfoam), or, in the case of thin diaphragma sellae and postoperative risk of @entity397 with abdominal fat. In @entity1 with minimal @entity2841 oozing, but without any visible @entity154 or only a small dural defect with leak, we pack the surgical cavity with abdominal fat. In case of a leak from an anterior face of the @entity154 we prefer to reconstruct the defect by means of mucoperiosteum taken from the resected middle turbinate. @entity1 with larger sellar or supradiaphragmatic defects were treated with a multilayer reconstruction. RESULTS: 529 @entity1 (79.5%) did not require any repair besides a packing of the surgical cavity with absorbable material such as collagen sponge, while 128 @entity1 (19.2%) required an endoscopic skull base repair at the end of the procedure for an overt @entity2841 leak. 8 @entity1 (1.2%) required repair because of overt thin diaphragma sellae without a visible @entity2841 leak but with a postoperative risk of @entity397 . Out of the latter two groups (n = 136) only 11 @entity1 (8 %) developed persistent postoperative @entity2841 leaks requiring revision multilayer reconstruction. CONCLUSIONS: More complex defects after pituitary surgery should be repaired with a multilayer technique, using autologous materials such as fat, fascia lata, bone and mucoperiosteum taken from the middle turbinate. This type of autologous material is generally reliable in more complex defects, and it appears to be easy to harvest and handle for repair.

title: Surgical repair of persisting @entity2841 leaks following standard or extended endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['diaphragma sellae defect']

entities_list: @entity977 :: ('MESH:D010911', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary tumor', 'pituitary tumors']

answer: @entity977 :: (MESH:D010911,Disease) :: ['pituitary tumor']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the effect of hormone replacement therapy and @entity11347 on the breast. STUDY DESIGN: prospective, controlled, randomized study. SETTING: Outpatient Menopause Clinic of the Second University of Naples. @entity1 : forty four @entity1 in spontaneous menopause without any risk factor for @entity0 were randomly allocated to three groups: 15 @entity1 (group A) were treated with transdermal @entity2931 50 microg, 2 patches/week for 3 weeks per month, plus @entity598 nomegestrolo per os 5 mg/die for 12 days per cycle, 17 @entity1 (group B) were treated with @entity11347 2.5 mg/die. Twelve @entity1 not given any medication represented the control group (group C). METHODS: at the time of recruitment and after at least 12 months of therapy the @entity1 were subjected to a questionnaire aimed at quantifying the slight, moderate or severe presence of the tension/ @entity5026 symptoms and to a mammographic test to assess the parenchymal pattern according to a quantitative method: type 1 (less than 25% of mammary gland covered by dense tissue), type 2 (from 25% to 75% of total glandular area covered by dense tissue), type 3 (more than 75% of mammary parenchyma covered by dense tissue). Statistical analysis was carried out by means of Fisher's exact test. RESULTS: after at least 12 months of treatment in Group A 5 out of 15 @entity1 (33%) showed a trend of increase in mammographic density not statistically significant (P=0.22) when compared with group B in which one @entity1 showed a @entity514 from type 1 to type 2 and another from type 2 to type 3. The analysis of tension/ @entity5026 symptoms revealed a significantly difference between the two groups (P=0.02): in group A @entity5026 appeared in three previously asymptomatic @entity1 and increased in five @entity1 , with a total increase in the symptomatology in 8 out of 15 @entity1 (53.3%), in group B only in one case (5%) @entity5026 turned from slight to moderate. CONCLUSION: in postmenopausal @entity1 oestroprogestogenic replacement therapy may be associated with an increase in mammographic density and with the onset or increase in @entity5026 . On the contrary @entity11347 does not seem to affect normostructured mammas and may be considered a first-rate replacement therapy in case of mammas showing particular density or benign mastopathies.

title: Effects of XXXX on the breast.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity2931 :: ('CHEBI:50114', 'Chemical') :: ['oestrogens']

entities_list: @entity5026 :: ('MESH:D059373', 'Disease') :: ['mastodynia']

entities_list: @entity598 :: ('CHEBI:47622', 'Chemical') :: ['acetate']

answer: @entity11347 :: (MESH:C027385,Chemical) :: ['tibolone']


abstract: We have previously demonstrated that snake venom phospholipases A2 ( @entity7098 ) and @entity1 @entity7098 induced inflammatory processes. This effect was correlated with the activity of the enzymes and the release of lipid mediators. We have now determined the role of @entity4992 (LysoPS) as an inflammatory lipid mediator. Thus, we have studied the possibility that intracellular @entity460 concentration, phosphoinositide hydrolysis, and the subsequent @entity112 release in mast cells is due to the action of @entity4992 . @entity4992 -stimulated release of @entity112 was significantly higher than release by other lysophospholipids. The contribution of increased phospholipase C activity and the intracellular @entity141 influx were therefore examined. LysoPS increased mast cell @entity460 concentration, and this increment was associated with phospholipase C activation and release of @entity7256 . The increase in intracellular @entity460 and @entity112 degranulation induced by LysoPS were inhibited by @entity3826 . Pretreatment of mast cells with pertussis toxin decreased the secretagogic effect of LysoPS and compound 48/80 without modifying the effect of the ionophore @entity3365 . These results suggest that pertussis toxin-sensitive G-protein might be involved in the mast cell degranulation produced by @entity4992 and allow the increase in phospholipase C activity, thus enhancing intracellular @entity460 concentration, which then induces exocytosis of @entity112 .

title: @entity141 influx, phosphoinositide hydrolysis, and XXXX release induced by @entity4992 in mast cells.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian']

entities_list: @entity4992 :: ('MESH:C025059', 'Chemical') :: ['Lysophosphatidylserine', 'lysophosphatidylserine']

entities_list: @entity3826 :: ('MESH:D001058', 'Chemical') :: ['apomorphine']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity112 :: ('MESH:D006632', 'Chemical') :: ['histamine']

entities_list: @entity7256 :: ('MESH:D007295', 'Chemical') :: ['inositol phosphates']

answer: @entity112 :: (MESH:D006632,Chemical) :: ['histamine']


abstract: The mechanism of @entity2275 in @entity35 with @entity3883 was investigated in terms of the changes in the gastric mucosal blood flow. Further, the effect of vagotomy with or without @entity3883 was examined. One hundred and eighty-eight @entity35 weighing about 250 g were prepared and divided into 4 groups as follows; sham operation (control group), ligation of the bile duct ( @entity1087 group), vagotomy with pyloroplasty (vagotomized group), ligation of the bile duct and vagotomy with pyloroplasty ( @entity1087 and vagotomized group). After two weeks, water immersion and restraint stress procedures were performed in these 4 groups. The gravity of the @entity2275 was calculated by @entity1066 index. The gastric mucosal blood flow was measured by @entity3884 clearance technique. The following results were obtained. The control group showed increased @entity1066 index and @entity551 flow after the stress procedures. The @entity1087 group showed significantly higher @entity1066 index and early, significant @entity551 flow compared to the control group after the stress procedures. The vagotomized group showed significantly decreased @entity1066 index after stress procedures compared to the control group, however, the gastric mucosal blood flow were unchanged between both groups before and after the stress procedures. The @entity1087 and vagotomized group showed significant decrease of @entity1066 index and improvement of @entity551 flow compared to the @entity1087 group. These data suggested that the significant @entity551 flow during the stress procedures was one of exacerbating factors of the @entity2275 in @entity35 with @entity3883 , and vagotomy might prevent them by maintaining the gastric mucosal blood flow in @entity3883 .

title: [Acute @entity2275 in XXXX with @entity3883 flow].

entities_list: @entity3883 :: ('MESH:D041781', 'Disease') :: ['obstructive jaundice']

entities_list: @entity3884 :: ('MESH:D006859', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrogen']

entities_list: @entity1087 :: ('MESH:D007565', 'Disease') :: ['jaundiced']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague-Dawley rats', 'rats']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['decreased gastric mucosal blood', 'decrease of gastric mucosal blood']

entities_list: @entity2275 :: ('MESH:D013276', 'Disease') :: ['acute gastric ulcerations', 'gastric ulcerations']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: Nineteen independent hybrid cell lines that produce monoclonal antibodies to @entity1047 surface antigens were prepared by the fusion of @entity19 @entity1582 cells with lymphocytes of @entity19 that were immunized with @entity11739 immunotypes B, C, and L2. Seven serologically distinct reaction patterns were detected by microimmunofluorescence (micro-IF) of elementary body (EB) preparations when culture fluids were tested against a panel of 18 chlamydial serotyping reference strains. These reaction patterns demonstrated genus-, species-, subspecies-, and type-specific distributions. Additionally, these antibodies were tested in parallel against @entity1106 ( @entity1106 ) preparations of several chlamydial strains. Monoclonal antibodies that reacted with genus-specific antigens reacted preferentially with @entity1106 , whereas antibodies that reacted to species-, subspecies-, or type-specific antigens reacted equivalently to both @entity1106 and EB. Physiochemical characterization of antigens recognized by the different monoclonal antibodies was assessed by heat treatment, pronase digestion, periodate oxidation, and immuno-blot techniques. The genus-specific antigen was a heat-stable, pronase-resistant, and relatively periodate-sensitive component of less than 10,000 m.w. The species-, subspecies-, and type-specific antigens were heat stable, pronase sensitive, and periodate resistant. The antibodies that detected species- and subspecies-specific antigens predominantly reacted in immuno-blots with the 40,000 m.w. major outer membrane protein. These monoclonal antibodies now provide a new approach for the precise serologic classification and detection of different @entity11739 strains.

title: Monoclonal antibodies to XXXX : antibody specificities and antigen characterization.

entities_list: @entity1106 :: ('MESH:C564461', 'Disease') :: ['reticulate body', 'RB']

entities_list: @entity11739 :: ('813', 'Species') :: ['C. trachomatis']

entities_list: @entity1047 :: ('MESH:D002690', 'Disease') :: ['Chlamydia trachomatis']

answer: @entity1047 :: (MESH:D002690,Disease) :: ['Chlamydia trachomatis']


abstract: Abstract Objective: We evaluated the @entity2247 inhibitors, @entity14296 and @entity12698 , in Korean @entity1 with @entity571 ( @entity571 ). Methods: This study included @entity1 (>= 40 years of age) with a clinical and radiographic diagnosis of knee @entity571 . @entity1 were randomized to @entity14296 30   mg (qd) or @entity12698 200   mg (qd) in a 12 week randomized, controlled, double-blind study. Prior NSAID users were to demonstrate a worsening of symptoms upon withdrawal of medication. Efficacy endpoints included the time-weighted average change from baseline in the WOMAC VA 3.0 @entity158 Subscale (100   mm Visual Analog Scale [VAS]; primary endpoint), the WOMAC VA 3.0 Physical Function Subscale (100   mm VAS), and @entity1 Global Assessment of Disease Status (PGAD) (100   mm VAS). The primary hypothesis was that @entity14296 30   mg is non-inferior to @entity12698 200   mg as assessed by the primary endpoint (the non-inferiority margin was set at 10   mm VAS). Adverse events (AEs), laboratory parameters, and vital signs were monitored. Results: There were 239 @entity1 (89.5% female; mean age: 63.3 years) randomized to @entity14296 30   mg (n   =   120) and @entity12698 200   mg (n   =   119). The differences ( @entity14296 vs @entity12698 ) in least square (LS) mean change (95% CI) for WOMAC @entity158 , WOMAC Physical Function, and PGAD were -1.63   mm (-5.37, 2.10), -1.32   mm (-4.88, 2.23), and -1.09   mm (-5.48, 3.30), respectively. Drug-related clinical AEs occurred in 6.7% ( @entity14296 ) and 2.5% ( @entity12698 ) of @entity1 . This study was limited because it was not designed or powered to adequately capture and evaluate rare AEs associated with NSAID treatment. Conclusions: @entity14296 30   mg administered once daily in Korean @entity1 with knee @entity571 demonstrated non-inferior clinical efficacy to @entity12698 200   mg over 12 weeks of treatment as assessed by all primary and secondary outcomes. @entity14296 30   mg qd and @entity12698 200   mg qd were generally safe and well tolerated. Clinical trial registration: NCT01554163.

title: @entity14296 in the treatment of Korean XXXX with @entity571 in a double-blind, randomized controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity12698 :: ('MESH:C105934', 'Chemical') :: ['celecoxib']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['osteoarthritis', 'OA']

entities_list: @entity14296 :: ('MESH:C422649', 'Chemical') :: ['etoricoxib', 'Etoricoxib']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Symptoms of @entity344 were sought by a questionnaire administered to 301 apparently healthy subjects in young, middle-aged, and elderly categories. @entity490 , a feeling of incomplete evaculation after defecation, urgency, scybala, runny stools, straining at stool, borborygmi, distension, heartburn, and laxative use were all very common. The typical symptom pattern of the spastic @entity1744 ( @entity1744 ) occurred in 13.6% of subjects. Seven percent suffered noncolonic @entity158 that was commonly associated with heartburn. A further 3.7% had painless @entity294 without the features of the @entity1744 . Six percent suffered painless @entity1142 . Constipation seemed to increase with age. Thus four clinically distinct functional bowel syndromes existed in almost one-third of the subjects studied. Most of these had not consulted a doctor. Hospital-based studies of the @entity1744 derive from a selected minority of @entity1 and may not be applicable to all sufferers.

title: Functional bowel disorders in apparently healthy XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['functional gastrointestinal disorder']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['Abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity1142 :: ('MESH:D003248', 'Disease') :: ['constipation']

entities_list: @entity1744 :: ('MESH:D043183', 'Disease') :: ['spastic IBS', 'irritable bowel syndrome', 'IBS']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['people']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The prognostic value of cytogenetic findings in @entity6130 is unclear. Our purpose was to evaluate the independent prognostic impact of @entity2008 in a large series of @entity1 with @entity6130 included in the database of the Spanish Registry of @entity2590 Syndromes. DESIGN AND METHODS: We studied 414 @entity1 with @entity6130 according to WHO criteria and with a successful conventional cytogenetic analysis at diagnosis. Different @entity1 and disease characteristics were examined by univariate and multivariate methods to establish their relationship with overall survival and evolution to @entity3052 . RESULTS: @entity1 with abnormal karyotype (110 @entity1 , 27%) had poorer overall survival (P=0.001) and higher risk of @entity3052 evolution (P=0.010). Based on outcome analysis, three cytogenetic risk categories were identified: low risk (normal karyotype or loss of Y chromosome as @entity154 ), high risk (presence of trisomy 8 or abnormalities of chromosome 7, or complex karyotype), and intermediate risk (all other abnormalities). Overall survival at five years for @entity1 in the low, intermediate, and high risk cytogenetic categories was 35%, 26%, and 4%, respectively (P<0.001). Multivariate analysis confirmed that this new CMML-specific cytogenetic risk stratification was an independent prognostic variable for overall survival (P=0.001). Additionally, @entity1 belonging to the high-risk cytogenetic category also had a higher risk of @entity3052 evolution on univariate (P=0.001) but not multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Cytogenetic findings have a strong prognostic impact in @entity1 with @entity6130 .

title: Cytogenetic risk stratification in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['a single anomaly']

entities_list: @entity6130 :: ('MESH:D015477', 'Disease') :: ['chronic myelomonocytic leukemia']

entities_list: @entity2590 :: ('MESH:D009190', 'Disease') :: ['Myelodysplastic']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute myeloid leukemia']

entities_list: @entity2008 :: ('MESH:D002869', 'Disease') :: ['cytogenetic abnormalities']

answer: @entity6130 :: (MESH:D015477,Disease) :: ['chronic myelomonocytic leukemia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2876 ( @entity2876 ) is a neonatal @entity409 characterized by chronic @entity32 and obliteration of extrahepatic bile ducts. The purpose of the study was to investigate serum @entity1549 ( @entity1549 ) in postoperative @entity2876 @entity1 and the association of @entity1549 with clinical outcome and @entity409 score. METHODS: Fifty-eight @entity2876 @entity1 post-Kasai operation and 20 controls were enrolled. None of the @entity1 had undergone liver transplantation. @entity2876 @entity1 were classified into two groups according to their serum total @entity648 (TB) levels (TB < 2 mg/dL, no @entity1087 vs. TB >=  2 mg/dL, persistent @entity1087 ) and @entity493 aminotransferase (ALT) levels (ALT < 45 IU/L, normal ALT vs. ALT >=  45 IU/L, elevated ALT). Serum @entity1549 levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Liver stiffness scores were measured by FibroScan. RESULTS: @entity2876 @entity1 had greater @entity1549 levels (10.8    1.0 vs. 7.9    0.8 ng/mL, P = 0.02) and higher @entity409 values than controls (29.7    3.0 vs. 5.1    0.5 kPa, P < 0.001). Serum @entity1549 levels were significantly elevated in @entity2876 @entity1 with @entity1087 when compared with those without @entity1087 (15.3    2.2 vs. 8.5    0.8 ng/mL, P = 0.004). In addition, @entity2876 @entity1 with elevated ALT had higher levels of serum @entity1549 than those with normal ALT (12.4    1.5 vs. 8.3    0.9 ng/mL, P = 0.02). Moreover, @entity2876 @entity1 with portal @entity101 displayed higher serum @entity1549 than those without portal @entity101 (13.5    1.5 vs. 7.4    0.8 ng/mL, P = 0.001). There was also a correlation between serum @entity1549 and @entity409 scores (r = 0.448, P  <= 0.001). CONCLUSION: Serum @entity1549 was associated with @entity409 and @entity409 in postoperative @entity2876 @entity1 . Accordingly, @entity1549 could play a role in the pathophysiology of @entity1575 in @entity2876 after Kasai operation.

title: High serum XXXX and @entity409 in postoperative biliary atresia.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity648 :: ('MESH:D001663', 'Chemical') :: ['bilirubin']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver disorder', 'hepatic dysfunction', 'liver stiffness']

entities_list: @entity1549 :: ('4314', 'Gene') :: ['matrix metalloproteinase-3', 'MMP-3']

entities_list: @entity2876 :: ('MESH:D001656', 'Disease') :: ['BA', 'Biliary atresia']

entities_list: @entity1575 :: ('MESH:D008103', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity493 :: ('CHEBI:16449', 'Chemical') :: ['alanine']

answer: @entity1549 :: (4314,Gene) :: ['matrix metalloproteinase-3']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine association between @entity1 's symptoms and incidence of @entity943 on 24-hour electrocardiographic Holter monitoring. STUDY DESIGN: A cross-sectional descriptive study. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY: The Cardiology Department, Liaquat National Hospital, Karachi, from January to June 2007. METHODOLOGY: @entity1 above 15 years of age, of either gender, referred for Holter monitoring with symptoms of palpitations, @entity1296 and @entity1163 were evaluated for @entity943 . The symptoms were documented by the @entity1 in their symptom diaries (historical logs) during Holter monitoring. @entity1 who had permanent pacemaker implants were excluded. Descriptive statistics were used to calculate the frequencies and percentages of different symptoms, different @entity943 were noted on Holter monitoring and the age of @entity1 was noted. Chi-square test was applied to calculate p-values with significant at value less than 0.05. RESULTS: The mean age of @entity1 was 53.71 +/- 15.52 years. There were 54% females and 46% males. Eighty two percent had documented @entity943 on their Holter monitoring reports. The complaints for which @entity1 were referred included @entity1296 in 24%, palpitations in 61% and @entity1163 in 15%. On analysis of the historical logs of @entity1 only 64% had symptoms during Holter monitoring and 23% had concurrence of their symptoms with an @entity943 . @entity1 who had sinus exit block (p=0.02) and @entity16507 (p=0.002) had significant association with @entity943 . Twenty percent @entity1 with @entity1296 , 50% @entity1 with palpitations and 12% of @entity1 who presented with @entity1163 had documented @entity943 . CONCLUSION: Twenty four hour Holter monitoring is an important investigation for evaluation of @entity1 with palpitation, @entity1296 and @entity1163 . @entity943 were detected frequently in both symptomatic and asymptomatic @entity1 . One must be careful to avoid attributing a symptom to an @entity943 until a close temporal relationship is demonstrated.

title: Association between symptoms and frequency of XXXX on 24-hour Holter monitoring.

entities_list: @entity16507 :: ('MESH:D054138', 'Disease') :: ['sinus arrest']

entities_list: @entity1296 :: ('MESH:D004244', 'Disease') :: ['dizziness']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmias', 'arrhythmia', 'Arrhythmias']

answer: @entity943 :: (MESH:D001145,Disease) :: ['arrhythmias']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Fully retargeted oncolytic herpes simplex viruses (o-HSVs) gain @entity5 -specificity from redirection of tropism to @entity5 -specific receptors, and are non-attenuated. To overcome the hurdles of systemic delivery, and enable oncolytic viruses (o-viruses) to reach metastatic sites, carrier cells are being exploited. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) were never tested as carriers of retargeted o-viruses, given their scarse-null expression of the @entity5 -specific receptors. We report that MSCs from different sources can be forcedly infected with a @entity7171 -retargeted oncolytic HSV. Progeny virus spread from MSCs to @entity5 cells in vitro and in vivo. We evaluated the organ distribution and therapeutic efficacy in two @entity19 models of @entity5 , following a single i.v. injection of infected MSCs. As expected, the highest concentration of carrier-cells and of viral genomes was in the lungs. Viral genomes persisted throughout the body for at least two days. The growth of @entity43 in @entity19 was strongly inhibited, and the majority of treated @entity19 appeared metastasis-free. The treatment significantly inhibited also breast @entity5 metastases to the brain in NSG @entity19 , and reduced by more than one-half the metastatic burden in the brain.

title: Systemic delivery of XXXX -retargeted oncolytic-HSV by mesenchymal stromal cells protects from lung and brain metastases.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'metastatic cancers']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cancer lung metastases']

entities_list: @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mice', 'nude mice', 'murine']

answer: @entity7171 :: (13866(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['HER2']


abstract: Three @entity1 with atypical ocular involvement due to histologically verified @entity226 are reported. Prior to diagnosis, the first @entity1 had periods of @entity1939 fugax. He presented with normal vision. In spite of high-dose systemic corticosteroid therapy, he became blind in the terminal stage of his disease due to bilateral occipital cortex @entity1188 , verified by CT-scan. Autopsy revealed involvement of several intracranial arteries. In case No. 2 there was severe unilateral @entity227 and @entity2708 -wool exudates in both eyes. Central vision recovered after corticosteroid therapy; in our experience this is unusual. In case No. 3 irreversible unilateral @entity227 was typical for GCA, but the association with @entity305 unique. Neurological remission coincided with systemic corticosteroid therapy.

title: Atypical @entity227 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual loss']

entities_list: @entity226 :: ('MESH:D013700', 'Disease') :: ['giant cell arteritis']

entities_list: @entity305 :: ('MESH:D011115', 'Disease') :: ['polyneuropathy']

entities_list: @entity1939 :: ('MESH:D001766', 'Disease') :: ['amaurosis']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarctions']

answer: @entity226 :: (MESH:D013700,Disease) :: ['giant cell arteritis']


abstract: Xanthan gum (XG), a @entity20140 branched polymer and @entity4832 ( @entity939 ), was used to develop pH-sensitive interpenetrating network (IPN) microspheres by emulsion cross-linking method in the presence of @entity3584 as a cross-linker to deliver model anti-inflammatory drug, @entity3522 (DS) to the intestine. Various formulations were prepared by changing the ratio of XG: @entity939 , extent of cross-linking in order to optimize the formulation variables on drug encapsulation efficiency, and release rate. Formation of interpenetrating network and the chemical stability of DS after penetration of microspheres was confirmed by Fourier Transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis were done on the drug loaded microspheres which confirmed molecular dispersion of DS in the IPN. Microspheres formed were spherical with smooth surfaces, as evidenced by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and mean particle size, as measured by laser light scattering technique ranged between 310.25-477.10 microm. Drug encapsulation of up to 82.94% was achieved as measured by UV method. Both equilibrium and dynamic swelling studies and in vitro release studies were performed in pH 1.2 and 6.8. Release data indicated a Fickian trend of drug release which depends on the extent of cross-linking and the ratio of XG: @entity939 present in the microsphere. When subjected to in vivo pharmacokinetic evaluation in @entity95 , microparticles show slow and prolonged drug release when compared with DS solution. Based on the results of in vitro and in vivo studies it was concluded that these IPN microspheres provided oral controlled release of water-soluble DS.

title: Novel interpenetrating network microspheres of xanthan gum- XXXX for the delivery of @entity3522 to the intestine--in vitro and in vivo evaluation.

entities_list: @entity20140 :: ('CHEBI:27150', 'Chemical') :: ['trisaccharide']

entities_list: @entity4832 :: ('MESH:D011142', 'Chemical') :: ['poly vinyl alcohol']

entities_list: @entity3522 :: ('MESH:D004008', 'Chemical') :: ['diclofenac sodium']

entities_list: @entity3584 :: ('MESH:D005976', 'Chemical') :: ['glutaraldehyde']

answer: @entity4832 :: (MESH:D011142,Chemical) :: ['poly(vinyl alcohol)']


abstract: General trends were investigated in the age-evolution of electrocardiogram (ECG) patterns using ECG data of North American white, black, and Hispanic @entity1 and @entity1 aged 25-74 years, derived from the Second National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and the Hispanic Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The data were stratified by race, sex, age, and @entity28 . There were substantial racial differences in ECG amplitudes. In general, ECG amplitudes and amplitude combinations used in @entity4346 ( @entity4346 ) criteria were larger in blacks than in whites. RV5 was smaller in all age groups of Hispanic @entity1 and in younger @entity1 , and RaVL was larger in Hispanics than in whites. There was, however, no significant difference in RaVL + SV3 amplitude between Hispanics and whites except in the youngest age group. The @entity75 increased in @entity1 and @entity1 in all three racial groups by about 8 degrees per decade of age. Overweight was associated with 14 degrees more @entity346 . RaVL and RaVL + SV3 amplitudes increased systematically with age and overweight, but there was an opposite tendency in RV5 amplitude. Multivariate logistic regression analyses indicated that age and the @entity2270 had a relatively minor influence on @entity4346 likelihood. Being black was associated with a more than fourfold excess of @entity4346 by the Minnesota code criteria and a nearly threefold excess of @entity4346 by the Cornell voltage criteria. Being overweight did not influence the odds ratio for @entity4346 by the Cornell voltage criteria except in Hispanics, but the odds ratio for @entity4346 was reduced by about 25% according to the Minnesota code criteria. The odds ratio of having @entity4346 differed substantially for @entity1 and @entity1 by the Minnesota code and Cornell voltage criteria. Whereas there was a more than twofold excess likelihood of @entity4346 in @entity1 by the Minnesota code criteria, there was a more than threefold excess of @entity4346 likelihood in @entity1 by the Cornell voltage criteria when age, @entity28 , @entity2270 , and race were simultaneously included as covariates in the logistic regression model.

title: Ethnic differences in ECG amplitudes in North American white, black, and Hispanic @entity1 and XXXX . Effect of @entity28 and age.

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['QRS frontal plane axis']

entities_list: @entity4346 :: ('MESH:D017379', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular hypertrophy', 'LVH']

entities_list: @entity346 :: ('MESH:D009759', 'Disease') :: ['horizontal axis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the nuclear localization of the transcription factor @entity2451 , the status of apoptosis and the expression of the @entity1197 , @entity12 , @entity588 , @entity1836 and @entity589 by synovial cells. METHODS: Electrophoresis mobility shift assay (EMSA), immunohistochemical staining, two colour-flow cytometry and the @entity10730 ( @entity10730 )-mediated @entity1977 nick end labelling (TUNEL)-technique were used. RESULTS: The @entity9135 subunit appears to be present in the nuclei of synovial tissue and fluid cells as detected by EMSA and immunohistochemical staining. @entity1197 and @entity12 (L) are expressed on up to 90% and 11% of CD3+ synovial fluid (SF) cells, respectively. Both the @entity1197 and its ligand are also expressed by synovial tissue cells. Interestingly, freshly isolated SF T cells upregulated the expression of @entity1836 as compared to @entity588 . An overexpression of @entity589 compared to @entity1836 was seen in the synovial tissues (ST) of @entity1 with ongoing apoptosis, but not in @entity1 with few apoptotic cells. CONCLUSIONS: @entity2451 appear to be activated in vivo, both Fas and its ligand being expressed by synovial cells. Apoptosis is ongoing in the ST with significant @entity1 variations. Such variations could be in part due to the level of @entity589 expression. Finally, the upregulation of @entity1836 expression may contribute to the accumulation of SF infiltrating T cells.

title: Analysis of the @entity9135 subunit, @entity1197 , XXXX and @entity588 -related proteins in the synovium of RA and polyarticular JRA.

entities_list: @entity10730 :: ('1791', 'Gene') :: ['terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase', 'TDT']

answer: @entity12 :: (356,Gene) :: ['Fas ligand']


abstract: Mild @entity131 ( @entity131 ) accounts for up to 80% of clinical @entity131 and can result in @entity73 and @entity62 that may develop and persist over several years. Clinically relevant models of mild @entity131 for investigation of neurobiological changes and the development of therapeutic strategies are poorly developed. In this study we investigated the temporal profile of axonal and somal injury that may contribute to @entity73 in a @entity19 model of mild @entity131 . Neuronal perikaryal damage ( @entity1710 and @entity1711 and Fluoro-Jade C), myelin integrity ( @entity10927 and @entity17701 ), and @entity21 (amyloid precursor protein), were evaluated by immunohistochemistry at 4 h, 24 h, 72 h, 4 weeks, and 6 weeks after mild lateral fluid percussion @entity1545 (0.9 atm; righting time 167 +/- 15 sec). At 3 weeks post-injury spatial reference learning and memory were tested in the Morris water maze (MWM). Levels of damage to neuronal cell bodies were comparable in the brain-injured and sham groups. Myelin integrity was minimally altered following injury. Clear alterations in @entity21 were observed at various time points after injury. Axonal damage was localized to the cingulum at 4 h post-injury. At 4 and 6 weeks post-injury, @entity21 was evident in the external capsule, and was seen at 6 weeks in the dorsal thalamic nuclei. At 3 weeks post-injury, injured @entity19 showed an impaired ability to learn the water maze task, suggesting injury-induced alterations in search strategy learning. The evolving localization of @entity21 points to ongoing @entity528 that is concomitant with a deficit in learning.

title: Mild fluid percussion injury in XXXX produces evolving selective axonal pathology and @entity73 relevant to human @entity1545 .

entities_list: @entity1545 :: ('MESH:D020214', 'Disease') :: ['brain injury']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['TBI', 'traumatic brain injury']

entities_list: @entity17701 :: ('17136(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['myelin-associated glycoprotein']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment', 'cognitive impairments']

entities_list: @entity1710 :: ('MESH:D006416', 'Chemical') :: ['hematoxylin']

entities_list: @entity21 :: ('MESH:D001480', 'Disease') :: ['axonal damage']

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['white matter damage']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['degeneration after injury']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: Forty adult @entity1 (average age 40 years), with the clinical and radiological features of the @entity1645 , were seen at the Toronto Western Hospital between 1967 and 1984. Surgical confirmation of the diagnosis was obtained in 32 cases; of these, 23 were classified as @entity1645 while 9 fulfilled the anatomic criteria of Chiari II. The @entity1 population consisted of 22 males and 18 females. Common presenting symptoms included @entity10 (60%), sensory complaints (60%), @entity425 (42%), and gait disturbance (40%). Neurological findings included signs of central @entity602 (73%), long-tract motor and/or sensory findings (58%), brainstem signs (38%), @entity76 (18%), and @entity428 (15%). The majority of @entity1 underwent myelography with or without computed tomography of the cervical-medullary junction. Two recent @entity1 had 0.15T MRI scans which helped demonstrate an intramedullary syrinx. Thirty-three @entity1 underwent 47 operative procedures (discounting spinal fusion and CSF shunt revisions). Open surgical management was performed in 32 @entity1 , with CSF shunting along in one @entity1 . Five @entity1 (15%) incurred @entity532 within a six week postoperative period. Follow-up to date, ranges from one month to 11 years. In the 33 surgically treated @entity1 , 18 are improved (55%), 10 are neurologically stable (30%), and five have worsened clinically (15%), including one @entity204 . Based on this study it appears that the @entity1645 may be more common in adults than previously recognized. Surgical intervention has a favourable outcome in the majority of @entity1 but a significant proportion continue to deteriorate.

title: XXXX in adults: a review of 40 cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity428 :: ('MESH:D019586', 'Disease') :: ['increased intracranial pressure']

entities_list: @entity1645 :: ('MESH:D001139', 'Disease') :: ['Chiari II malformation', 'Chiari I malformation', 'Chiari malformations']

entities_list: @entity602 :: ('MESH:D013118', 'Disease') :: ['cord dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity532 :: ('MESH:D003925', 'Disease') :: ['surgical complications']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['upper extremity weakness']

entities_list: @entity76 :: ('MESH:D002526', 'Disease') :: ['cerebellar dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck pain']

answer: @entity1645 :: (MESH:D001139,Disease) :: ['Chiari malformation']


abstract: A 20-year-old male was admitted to our hospital suffering from a crushing @entity542 . At accident, his head had been compressed by the printing machine on both temporal regions. He remained at dull conscious. On admission one hour after the injury, he showed @entity2896 and @entity548 from the nose. CT scan showed marked @entity5745 , traumatic @entity510 , fluid collections in the bilateral sphenoid sinuses and right mastoid air cells. Bone CT disclosed bilateral temporal bone @entity174 . MRI did not show cerebral parenchymal damage. He recovered fully conscious at four hours after the injury, but @entity129 sustained over 30 days after the injury. Bilateral decompression of the facial canal were performed at day 31. At one year after the injury, bilateral @entity2896 and @entity2103 recovered incompletely (grade III). The case report and the mechanism of such @entity128 by low-velocity crushing @entity542 is described.

title: [A case of crushing XXXX with bilateral abducens and @entity2103 ].

entities_list: @entity129 :: ('MESH:D003389', 'Disease') :: ['cranial nerve palsies']

entities_list: @entity5745 :: ('MESH:D011007', 'Disease') :: ['pneumocephalus']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['subarachnoid hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['head injury']

entities_list: @entity128 :: ('MESH:D020209', 'Disease') :: ['cranial nerve injuries']

entities_list: @entity2103 :: ('MESH:D005155', 'Disease') :: ['facial nerve palsies']

entities_list: @entity2896 :: ('MESH:D020434', 'Disease') :: ['abducens nerve palsies', 'bilateral sixth-nerve and seventh nerve palsies']

answer: @entity542 :: (MESH:D006259,Disease) :: ['head injury']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the 1-year clinical outcomes of toric Visian Implantable Collamer Lens (ICL; STAAR Surgical, Nidau, Switzerland) implantation for moderate to high myopic @entity940 . DESIGN: Prospective, observational case series. @entity1 : Fifty-six eyes of 32 consecutive @entity1 , with spherical equivalent errors of -4.00 to -17.25 diopters (D) and @entity2246 , who underwent toric ICL implantation. METHODS: Before and 1 week and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery, the safety, efficacy, predictability, stability, and adverse events of the surgery were assessed in eyes undergoing toric ICL implantation. Ocular higher-order aberrations (HOAs) and contrast sensitivity (CS) function also were evaluated before and 1 year after surgery. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA), safety index, efficacy index, predictability, stability, adverse events, HOAs, and CS function. RESULTS: The logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) UCVA and logMAR BSCVA were -0.11 (corresponding to Snellen equivalent 20/16)    0.12 and -0.19 (corresponding to 20/12.5)    0.08 1 year after surgery, respectively. The safety and efficacy indices were 1.17    0.21 and 1.00    0.29. At 1 year, 91% and 100% of the eyes were within 0.5 and 1.0 D, respectively, of the targeted correction. Manifest refraction changes of -0.07    0.27 D occurred from 1 week to 1 year. For a 4-mm pupil, fourth-order aberrations were changed, not significantly, from 0.05    0.02  m before surgery to 0.06    0.03  m after surgery (P = 0.38, Wilcoxon signed-rank test). Similarly, for a 6-mm pupil, fourth-order aberrations were not significantly changed, merely from 0.20    0.08  m before surgery to 0.23    0.11  m after surgery (P = 0.15). The area under the log CS function was significantly increased from 1.41    0.15 before surgery to 1.50    0.13 after surgery (P < 0.001). No vision-threatening complications occurred during the observation period. CONCLUSIONS: In the authors' experience, the toric ICL performed well in correcting moderate to high myopic @entity940 during a 1-year observation period, suggesting its viability as a surgical option for the treatment of such eyes.

title: One-year follow-up of posterior chamber toric phakic intraocular lens implantation for moderate to high myopic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity940 :: ('MESH:D001251', 'Disease') :: ['astigmatism']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PARTICIPANTS', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2246 :: ('MESH:D008661', 'Disease') :: ['cylindrical errors of -0.75 to -4.00 D']

answer: @entity940 :: (MESH:D001251,Disease) :: ['astigmatism']


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: It remains unclear whether the respective dose-response relationships between serum @entity3929 aminotransferase (ALT) and @entity5428 transferase (GGT) levels and risk of mortality are consistent by age. METHODS: We used sampled cohort data from the National Health Insurance Corporation to conduct a retrospective cohort study. A total of 313  252 @entity1 who received medical health check-ups from 2002 to 2008 were assessed for risk of @entity204 according to serum ALT and GGT levels over an average of 6  years. The hazard ratios (HRs) for mortality were analysed with Cox proportional hazard model. RESULTS: The crude mortality rate increased linearly with increasing serum ALT and GGT levels in adults aged <60  years. However, the all-cause mortality rate showed a J-shaped relationship with increasing serum ALT levels whereas all-cause mortality rate showed a linear relationship with increasing serum GGT levels in adults aged >= 60  years. The HR of @entity204 showed U-shaped relationships with increasing serum ALT levels in adults aged >= 60  years. On the contrary, the HR of @entity204 from any cause had a linear association with increasing serum GGT levels among all age groups. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, U-shaped relationship patterns were demonstrated between serum ALT levels and risk for all-cause mortality in adults aged >= 60  years while serum GGT levels showed a linear relationship with risk for all-cause @entity204 . Very low levels of serum ALT in elderly @entity1 suggest that they are at high risk of mortality.

title: @entity3929 aminotransferase and XXXX transferase have different dose-response relationships with risk of mortality by age.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5428 :: ('CHEBI:24190', 'Chemical') :: ['gamma-glutamyl']

answer: @entity5428 :: (CHEBI:24190,Chemical) :: ['gamma-glutamyl']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity245 include a broad spectrum of conditions, which are characterized by delayed motor and/or cognitive milestones and by a variable range of @entity717 with or without an @entity146 . Several genetic factors have been implicated in @entity717 onset and exome sequencing studies have recently identified new inherited or de novo mutations in @entity1 with @entity245 . CASE: We report the case of two monozygotic twins who came for the first time to our attention at the age of 20months for a global neurodevelopmental delay associated with an @entity72 , @entity2421 , postnatal microcephaly, stereotypic movements and circadian rhythm alterations in association with late-onset @entity302 . @entity8251 sequence was normal. A CGH-array analysis revealed in both twins two maternally inherited duplications on chromosomes 8p22 and 16p13.11. The latter has been previously associated with @entity245 . We performed an exome sequencing analysis on one twin and her parents and identified a @entity8957 mutation, previously described in association with a phenotypic spectrum overlapping our @entity1 ' phenotype. CONCLUSIONS: This work underlines the importance to consider a @entity8957 involvement in @entity1 with @entity717 and @entity72 even in the absence of @entity302 at an early age. It also highlights the necessity to re-evaluate @entity74 variants with low penetrance and/or high phenotypic variability because an underlying de novo molecular event can be the major cause of the phenotype. This is essential in order to reach a correct diagnosis and provide the couple with a proper recurrence risk.

title: Exome sequencing analysis in a pair of monozygotic twins re-evaluates the genetics behind their @entity717 and reveals a XXXX mutation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['autistic behavior']

entities_list: @entity245 :: ('MESH:D002658', 'Disease') :: ['Neurodevelopmental disorders', 'neurodevelopmental disorders']

entities_list: @entity72 :: ('MESH:D002659', 'Disease') :: ['autism spectrum disorder']

entities_list: @entity2421 :: ('MESH:D009123', 'Disease') :: ['hypotonia']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['inherited copy number']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['intellectual disability']

answer: @entity8957 :: (1106,Gene) :: ['CHD2']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of antibiotics in reducing the @entity166 following closed tube thoracostomy for isolated @entity764 . DESIGN: Double-blind, randomized clinical trial. SETTING: Medical school affiliated large urban teaching hospital and @entity130 center. @entity1 : One hundred nineteen of 159 @entity1 over 18 years old presenting to the emergency department requiring closed tube thoracostomy for isolated @entity764 (113 penetrating, 6 blunt). INTERVENTION: @entity1 received either placebo or 1 g cefonicid daily intravenously started at chest tube insertion and stopped within 24 h of removal. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: The development of wound @entity281 (CDC criteria), or @entity3509 ; the incidence of adverse events; length of hospitalization. One nonspecific @entity281 was seen in the cefonicid group (1.6 percent) and six @entity1729 (10.7 percent) in the placebo group (three @entity3509 , one @entity3509 with @entity55 , two @entity55 ) (p = 0.0505; p = 0.0094 [excluding nonspecific @entity281 ]). No significant differences with antibiotic use were seen in the duration of chest tube use (p = 0.766), peak WBC counts (p = 0.108), lower peak temperatures (p = 0.063), or length of hospitalization (p = 0.165). @entity1 who developed @entity166 averaged approximately 8 days longer hospitalization than those without (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: This study showed that patients receiving antibiotics had a significantly reduced rate of @entity281 than did @entity1 administered placebo. No significant adverse events were seen in either group.

title: Preventive antibiotic usage in traumatic XXXX requiring closed tube thoracostomy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections, pneumonia', 'infection']

entities_list: @entity764 :: ('MESH:D013898', 'Disease') :: ['chest trauma', 'chest injuries']

entities_list: @entity1729 :: ('MESH:D012141', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory tract infections']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['infectious complications']

answer: @entity764 :: (MESH:D013898,Disease) :: ['thoracic injuries']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate different methods for community based screening for sight threatening @entity6 . DESIGN: Prospective study. SETTING: Mobile screening unit visiting inner city community clinics; hospital assessment clinic (tertiary centre). SUBJECTS: 395 @entity6 @entity1 registered with four general practices in an inner city location. INTERVENTIONS: Community based photography with @entity5564 and direct ophthalmoscopy through dilated pupils by an experienced ophthalmologist, both compared with reference standard of slit lamp biomicroscopy by a consultant specialist in medical @entity989 . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Sensitivity and specificity of screening method and prevalence of sight threatening @entity6 (moderate @entity989 , circinate @entity1020 , exudate within 1 disc diameter of fixation, other @entity6 ). RESULTS: 358 subjects underwent photography, 326 attended hospital clinic for ophthalmoscopy, and six were ungradable on photographs and biomicroscopy, leaving 320 for analysis. Of these 295 (91%) attended clinic within four months of photography. Sensitivity of detection of @entity2194 by photography was 89% (95% confidence interval 80% to 98%), significantly better than for direct ophthalmoscopy (65% (51% to 79%)). Analysis of @entity1 with false negative results indicated possible improvement of photographic sensitivity to 93% by addition of stereoscopic macular pair photographs. Specificity of detection of sight threatening @entity2194 was 86% (82% to 90%) for photography and 97% (95% to 99%) for direct ophthalmoscopy. CONCLUSIONS: Since high sensitivity is essential for an effective screening programme, a photographic method should be considered as preferred option in national, community based screening programmes. Even in the hands of an experienced ophthalmologist, direct ophthalmoscopy is limited by weaknesses inherent to the instrument.

title: Sensitivity and specificity of photography and direct ophthalmoscopy in screening for sight threatening XXXX : the Liverpool Diabetic Eye Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2194 :: ('MESH:D005128', 'Disease') :: ['eye disease']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetic eye disease', 'diabetes related eye disease']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['preproliferative retinopathy', 'retinal disease']

entities_list: @entity5564 :: ('MESH:D015878', 'Disease') :: ['mydriasis']

entities_list: @entity1020 :: ('MESH:D008268', 'Disease') :: ['maculopathy']

answer: @entity2194 :: (MESH:D005128,Disease) :: ['eye disease']


abstract: @entity1 with @entity2926 , usually a water borne @entity2927 , are likely to present themselves to Royal Naval primary health carers, who deal with a young active population, frequently participating in watersports. @entity2928 , which belong to the order Spirochaetaceae, comprise of two distinct species. Within each species there are a number of serologically different serovars (serotypes), arranged in related serogroups. @entity2928 Icterhaemorrhagiae and @entity2928 Hebdomadis serovar hardjo are the most commonly reported organisms in Great Britain. Traditionally water and sewage workers have been amongst those most frequently infected, but with improved health care awareness this group has been overtaken by farmworkers, and a growing group of @entity1 engaged in aquatic sports. Symptoms of @entity281 vary in severity from a mild @entity221 to symptoms resulting from @entity8 . Mild symptoms respond to oral @entity114 , @entity2929 or @entity2930 , whilst more serious illness requires i.v. @entity114 and supportive nursing. Spirochaetes can be detected in culture using darkground microscopy, and sero-conversion detected by IgM specific dot ELISA techniques. Suspected sera should be sent to PHLS @entity2928 Reference Unit, County Hospital, Hereford. HR1 2ER. (Tel: 0432 277117).

title: XXXX . Do you consider the diagnosis?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['severe renal, hepatic or meningeal involvement']

entities_list: @entity2926 :: ('MESH:D007922', 'Disease') :: ['Leptospirosis']

entities_list: @entity2930 :: ('MESH:D013754', 'Chemical') :: ['tetracyclines']

entities_list: @entity114 :: ('MESH:D010406', 'Chemical') :: ['penicillin']

entities_list: @entity2928 :: ('173', 'Species') :: ['L. interrogans var', 'Leptospira']

entities_list: @entity2929 :: ('MESH:D004917', 'Chemical') :: ['erythromycin']

entities_list: @entity2927 :: ('MESH:D015047', 'Disease') :: ['zoonotic disease']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['Leptospiral infection']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['flu-like illness']

answer: @entity2926 :: (MESH:D007922,Disease) :: ['Leptospirosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the prevalence of positive @entity972 sensitivity and cystoscopy with hydrodistention findings in @entity1 with @entity2182 . METHOD: This was a prospective cohort study of 98 @entity1 who presented with @entity2182 . The diagnosis of @entity2182 is established by the presence of irritable voiding symptoms. All @entity1 completed a @entity21190 questionnaire and underwent @entity972 sensitivity testing. Eighty @entity1 underwent urodynamic testing, and 42 @entity1 underwent cystoscopic hydrodistention while under general anesthesia. RESULTS: The @entity972 Sensitivity Test was positive in 59 (60.2%) of the 98 @entity1 , 37 (56%) of wet @entity2182 @entity1 , and 22 (68.8%) of @entity2182 @entity1 . Their mean @entity21190 score was 7. Thirty-three (78.5%) of the @entity1 who underwent cystoscopic hydrodistention had glomerulations consistent with NIH criteria for @entity2335 , and 26 of these @entity1 tested positive for @entity972 sensitivity. Fifty-one (63.8%) of the @entity1 who underwent urodynamics tested positive for @entity972 sensitivity. CONCLUSION: Many @entity1 with symptoms of @entity2182 with little or no @entity158 have cystoscopic evidence of @entity2335 and a positive @entity972 Sensitivity Test. Therapies directed toward the @entity409 and neural upregulation associated with @entity2335 / @entity2336 may be an important adjunct for @entity1 who have failed or have had a partial response to anticholinergic therapy and behavior modification.

title: The overlap of XXXX / @entity2336 and @entity2182 .

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['uroepithelial dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity2336 :: ('MESH:D018856', 'Disease') :: ['painful bladder syndrome']

entities_list: @entity2182 :: ('MESH:D053201', 'Disease') :: ['dry overactive bladder', 'overactive bladder symptoms', 'overactive bladder']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['Potassium', 'potassium']

entities_list: @entity2335 :: ('MESH:D003556', 'Disease') :: ['interstitial cystitis']

answer: @entity2335 :: (MESH:D003556,Disease) :: ['interstitial cystitis']


abstract: The results of the analysis of 446 @entity1 (305 @entity1 and 141 @entity1 ) with @entity6509 treated in the Medical cosmetologic section (Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb) between 1985 and 1986 have been presented. The disease was more common among @entity1 than in @entity1 . (2.16:1). The duration, localization and clinical picture were typical. The histopathologic analysis was done in 9 @entity1 . Among the 446 @entity6509 @entity1 , 250 (56.1%) had prolonged therapy with powerful topical corticosteroids. The recommended treatment depended on the severity of the clinical picture consisting of usual local therapy and oral @entity2930 . In the group previously treated with topical corticosteroids, because of more severe clinical picture, @entity2930 were given more frequently (in the 35.6% of cases) than in the other group where the @entity2930 were given in 20.9%. The authors followed-up the duration and treatment success in 275 regularly controlled @entity1 (in 164 with prolonged topical corticosteroid treatment and in 111 without previous corticosteroid treatment). In average, the @entity1 without previous corticosteroid therapy were treated shorter and with better success in contrasts to @entity1 with prolonged topical corticosteroid treatment. The results of the investigation indicate that @entity6509 @entity1 should not be treated with topical corticosteroids.

title: [The effect of local administration of corticosteroids on the course and therapy of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

answer: @entity6509 :: (MESH:D012393,Disease) :: ['rosacea']


abstract: @entity3452 was measured in 64 normoalbuminuric, 52 microalbuminuric, and 37 proteinuric Type 1 @entity6 @entity1 and 54 healthy subjects. Microalbuminuric and proteinuric Type 1 @entity6 @entity1 had higher median @entity3452 values (133 (16-1932) and 169 (17-1149) mg l-1) than @entity1 with normal AER (73 (15-1078) mg l-1; p = 0.048 and p = 0.027). @entity3452 in healthy subjects (110 (15-1630)mg l-1) did not differ from the @entity6 subgroups. The frequency of @entity3452 values in the upper quarter of the normal distribution was similar in the @entity6 groups and did not differ between @entity6 and control subjects. The cumulative distribution of @entity3452 was similar in all groups. @entity3452 concentrations were not related to AER, age, gender, duration of @entity6 , body mass index, glycaemic control, serum @entity1011 , free insulin or systolic blood pressure. @entity165 , LDL- @entity165 , @entity1674 , and apo B were higher in microalbuminuric and proteinuric than in normoalbuminuric Type 1 @entity6 @entity1 . @entity3452 was independently related to diastolic blood pressure, fibrinogen, and macroangiopathy. In conclusion, median @entity3452 concentrations tend to be higher in Type 1 @entity6 @entity1 with early and established @entity8 , although the differences are small and the overlap between groups large. @entity3452 is related to diastolic blood pressure and fibrinogen, and this association of powerful risk factors suggests that @entity3452 may play a role in the pathogenesis of @entity65 in Type 1 @entity6 @entity1 with @entity644 . Whether @entity3452 is an independent determinant of increased cardiovascular risk in these @entity1 needs to be elucidated by prospective studies.

title: Lipoprotein(a) in type 1 @entity6 XXXX with @entity8 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal disease']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['Cholesterol', 'cholesterol']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']