abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity5 ( @entity5 ) were described as a distinct entity in I982. The extent of surgical resection for this disease remains controversial. METHODS: Twelve @entity1 with a diagnosis of @entity5 were included in the present retrospective study. RESULTS: Ten out of twelve @entity1 had symptoms suggesting chronic @entity788 . Two @entity1 were not operated on due to biopsy-verified @entity3 in the liver. Nine @entity1 were treated with a total pancreatectomy and one with a pancreaticoduodenectomy. In the ten @entity1 operated on for @entity5 , histological examination showed eight non-invasive- and two invasive @entity189 . In six cases, multifocal extensive intraductal changes were found, affecting either most of or the whole pancreas. There was no perioperative mortality. Six @entity1 were alive at follow-up without recurrence and four @entity1 were dead, two of them with recurrence. CONCLUSION: IPMTs represent a subgroup of @entity788 with a favourable prognosis, and the resection should aim at removing all @entity6349 foci. In cases with diffuse dilatation of the main pancreatic duct, widespread @entity5 involvement of the duct system can be expected and total pancreatectomy should be the operation of choice.

title: Intraductal XXXX ( @entity5 ): follow-up of twelve cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis', 'pancreatic neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour', 'IPMT', 'Intraductal papillary mucinous tumours']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity6349 :: ('MESH:D004416', 'Disease') :: ['dysplastic']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['papillary mucinous tumor of the pancreas']


abstract: PURPOSE: We diagnosed the subtypes of @entity1358 on needle core biopsies using a combination of histopathology and a molecular diagnostic algorithm. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Core biopsies were taken of @entity703 following nephrectomy. RNA was extracted and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed for 4 gene products to differentiate among @entity1358 subtypes. Histopathological diagnosis was achieved on a second core before and after obtaining the molecular diagnostic algorithm results. RESULTS: Based on the nephrectomy diagnosis 6 of 77 renal masses were nonneoplastic and 71 were @entity5 , including 65 @entity1358 / @entity1637 . The overall diagnostic accuracy using histology and our molecular diagnostic algorithm combined was 90.0% (70 of 77). Side by side comparison of histology vs molecular diagnostic algorithm was feasible for 60 classifiable @entity1358 / @entity1637 (31 clear cell, 14 @entity1358 , 6 @entity1358 , 2 mucinous tubular and @entity189 , and 7 @entity1637 ). In this group histology correctly predicted the final histological subtype in 83.3% (50 of 60) of cores. Addition of the molecular diagnostic algorithm to histology improved the subtyping accuracy to 95% (57 of 60), whereas the molecular diagnostic algorithm alone was accurate in 50 of 60 cases (83.3%). Dividing these 60 specimens into clear cell and nonclear cell neoplasms, the addition of the molecular diagnostic algorithm improved the sensitivity for the diagnosis of @entity1358 from 87.1% (27 of 31) to 100% and the negative predictive value from 87.5% to 100%. CONCLUSIONS: Core biopsies of @entity703 provide adequate material for diagnosing and subtyping @entity1358 . The addition of our molecular diagnostic algorithm to histology improved the diagnostic accuracy of core biopsies of renal masses.

title: Diagnosis of XXXX on needle biopsy specimens by histological and molecular analysis.

entities_list: @entity1637 :: ('MESH:D018249', 'Disease') :: ['oncocytoma', 'oncocytomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['spindle cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['chromophobe renal cell carcinoma', 'renal cell carcinoma', 'papillary renal cell carcinoma', 'clear cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity703 :: ('MESH:D007680', 'Disease') :: ['renal tumors']

answer: @entity703 :: (MESH:D007680,Disease) :: ['renal tumors']


abstract: CONTEXT: It is suggested that @entity2690 @entity792 plays an important role in the development of type 1 @entity6 in @entity1 . However, the association between @entity2690 gene (INS) region ( @entity2690 ) and type 1 @entity6 has been uncertain in Asians. OBJECTIVE: A multicenter collaboration study was conducted to clarify the role of the @entity2690 region in Japan. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: In total, 661 @entity1 with type 1 @entity6 and 706 control subjects were enrolled. The INS variable number of tandem repeat (VNTR) class I/class III status was estimated by genotyping the -23 HphI single nucleotide polymorphism. From surrounding polymorphisms across the @entity2690 gene, we also inferred haplotypes bearing INS VNTR lineages. RESULTS: The frequency of the class I allele was 99.3% in @entity1 and 96.7% in controls (P < 10(-5)), and the class I/III or III/III genotype was found in 1.4% of @entity1 and in 6.4% of controls [odds ratio (OR) 0.20, P < 10(-5)]. The class I subdivision revealed IC to increase significantly in @entity1 with type 1 @entity6 (P = 0.002), whereas ID did not; the distribution of IC and ID was significantly different between @entity1 and controls (P = 0.014). CONCLUSION: The present study certainly shows that the @entity2690 region is also a susceptibility locus in the Japanese population. Furthermore, it was revealed that IC may be more susceptible to type 1 @entity6 than ID, which could be evidence that the INS VNTR itself confers susceptibility to type 1 @entity6 .

title: @entity2690 gene/ @entity2690 locus in Japanese type 1 @entity6 : contribution of class I alleles and influence of class I subdivision in susceptibility to type 1 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmunity']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Studies indicate greater heavy episodic drinking and related consequences for college student- @entity2587 compared with nonathletes. Surprisingly, little research has examined college @entity2587 ' participation in drinking games, a context associated with excessive @entity167 consumption and negative @entity167 -related consequences in college students. METHOD: We examined how @entity457 contributes to @entity167 consumption and @entity167 -related consequences among college-level intramural and intercollegiate @entity2587 compared with nonathletes in two independent samples. Study 1 consisted of 1,395 randomly selected students (61% @entity1 ) at a West Coast college campus, including 335 students who reported intramural athletic participation. Study 2 consisted of 6,055 randomly selected college students (63% @entity1 ) from three college campuses, including 1,439 intramural @entity2587 and 317 intercollegiate @entity2587 . RESULTS: Results of Study 1 indicated that intramural @entity2587 consumed significantly more drinks per week, had significantly higher typical and peak blood @entity167 concentration levels, and reported more negative consequences than nonathletes. Drinking game participation mediated the relationship between intramural athlete status and measures of consumption and consequences. Results of Study 2, including both intramural and intercollegiate @entity2587 , were consistent with those of Study 1, revealing @entity457 as a mediator of the relationships between athlete status and @entity167 consumption and consequences. CONCLUSIONS: Drinking games represent contexts for college @entity2587 to engage in heavy episodic drinking, and participation in drinking games mediates the relationship between @entity167 consumption and negative consequences in @entity2587 . Interventions targeted at college @entity2587 should consider the impact of @entity457 .

title: Are drinking games sports? College athlete participation in drinking games and XXXX -related problems.

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity457 :: ('MESH:D063425', 'Disease') :: ['drinking game participation']

answer: @entity167 :: (CHEBI:16236,Chemical) :: ['alcohol']


abstract: Three groups of @entity1 with acute or @entity177 (GFR less than 5 ml/min) and hyperkalaemia (K+ greater than or equal to 6 mEq/l), similar in age, serum @entity1011 and pretreatment K+. Group A (n = 24) received @entity3045 0.5 mg i.v. in 15 min, group B (n = 10) received @entity413 40 g i.v. plus 10 units insulin i.v. in 15 min, and group C (n = 10) received @entity3045 0.5 mg i.v., @entity413 40 g i.v. and insulin 10 units i.v. over a 15-min period. Serum @entity972 was measured at 30, 60, 180 and 360 min after administration of treatment. All treatments reduced serum @entity972 , maximal at 30 or 60 min, and ranging from -0.5 +/- 0.1 to -1.5 +/- 0.2 mEq/l; @entity1 in group C exhibited a significantly greater decrement in serum @entity972 , when compared to group B at 60 (-1.5 +/- 0.2 vs -1 +/- 0.1 mEq/l, respectively; P less than 0.01) and 180 min (-1.2 +/- 0.2 vs -0.7 +/- 0.1 mEq/l, respectively; P less than 0.05). There were no significant differences between groups A and C. @entity1 from group C had moderate @entity591 and more prolonged hyperglycaemia than those from group B, but all treatments were well tolerated.

title: Treatment of hyperkalaemia in XXXX : @entity3045 v. insulin.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3045 :: ('MESH:D000420', 'Chemical') :: ['salbutamol']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['chronic renal failure']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity177 :: (MESH:D051437,Disease) :: ['renal failure']


abstract: This study aims to acquire a recombinant allergen of Der f 29b by cloning and expression, and to identify its immunogenicity. In this study, the total RNA of @entity8786 was extracted, cloned and expressed based on the Der f 29b gene. The molecular characteristics of Der f 29b was analyzed by the procedures of Bioinformatics. The allergenicity of recombinant Der f 29b protein was examined by western-blotting, ELISA, Immune inhibitory assays and skin prick test. The gene of Der f 29b consisted of 495 bases, derived from its nucleic acid sequence and encoded 164 @entity3534 . Positive responses to r-Der f 29b were shown in 24.3% by means of skin prick testing with 37 @entity3918 @entity1 . The immunoblotting assays demonstrated that serum IgE from @entity56 @entity1 reacted to r-Der f 29b protein. The IgE reactivity of r-Der f 29b in the serum from r-Der f 29b @entity56 @entity1 was increased by more than 2 folds compared with healthy subjects. Immune inhibition assays showed that the IgE cross-reactivity was between r-Der f 29b and DME. Bioinformatics analysis predicted four peptides (13-17, 67-71, 104-109 and 147-155) as the B cell epitopes and five peptides (5-14, 16-31, 35-43, 52-63 and 87-97) as the T cell epitopes. Secondary structure prediction of Der f 29b with software PSIPRED identified two a-helices and seven b-sheets in Der f 29b. In conclusion, Derf 29b protein was identified as a novel subtype of dust mite allergen.

title: Characterization and analysis of a cDNA coding for the group 29b (Der f 29b) allergen of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3534 :: ('MESH:D000596', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic']

entities_list: @entity3918 :: ('MESH:D009223', 'Disease') :: ['DM-allergic']

answer: @entity8786 :: (6954,Species) :: ['Dermatophagoides farinae']


abstract: Two studies were carried out to determine the effect of the rodent @entity311 @entity501 nigeriensis on the blood feeding success of Anopheles stephensi. Initially, pairs of @entity19 with similar packed cell volume ( @entity1485 ) (measured by haematocrit) were selected. Following @entity281 of one of the pair its @entity1485 gradually fell. At various times post- @entity281 , a comparison was made of the bloodmeal size (haemoglobin content) of mosquitoes feeding on these @entity19 . The bloodmeal sizes increased with parasite-induced fall in @entity1485 down to a haematocrit of 43-44%, which occurred approximately 48 h post- @entity281 . Bloodmeals were significantly reduced, however, when mosquitoes fed on @entity19 with higher parasitaemias and a haematocrit of 15-35%. Thus, at early stages of @entity281 , mosquitoes ingested a bloodmeal significantly greater than did the mosquitoes feeding on the control @entity19 . However, mosquitoes were not able to compensate for severe @entity281 -associated @entity417 . To compensate for variation due to innate differences in the @entity19 , a second experiment was performed. Mosquitoes were fed on the same @entity19 before (control) and after @entity281 . Again, the bloodmeal size increased with decreasing @entity1485 down to haematocrits of 42-45%, but declined thereafter. In this host-parasite-vector system, haematocrits that maximized erythrocyte intake were produced when gametocytes, capable of exflagellation, were present.

title: The influence of host haematocrit on the blood feeding success of Anopheles stephensi: implications for enhanced XXXX transmission.

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity501 :: ('5861', 'Species') :: ['Plasmodium yoelii']

answer: @entity311 :: (MESH:D008288,Disease) :: ['malaria']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Retrospective studies have found that early @entity5 shrinkage (ETS) and depth of response (DpR) are associated with favorable outcomes in @entity1 with metastatic @entity14 (mCRC); however, few prospective studies have evaluated ETS and DpR. @entity1 AND METHODS: We performed a phase II study of FOLFOX plus cetuximab as first-line treatment in Japanese @entity1 with @entity984 wild-type mCRC. The primary endpoint was response rate (RR), and secondary endpoints included progression-free survival (PFS), @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ), chronological @entity5 shrinkage (evaluated every 8  weeks), and safety. The association of ETS and DpR with survival time was analyzed using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. RESULTS: In 54 @entity1 , the RR, median PFS, and @entity1349 were 66.7  % (95  % CI, 53.4-77.8  %), 11.1  months, and 33.9  months, respectively. There was no unexpected @entity137 . Forty (80  %) of 50 assessable @entity1 had ETS, which was associated with prolonged PFS and @entity1349 (11.3  vs. 3.7  months, HR 0.26, p   =   0.0003; 42.8 vs. 9.0  months, HR 0.40, p   =   0.0279, respectively). Median DpR was 56.3  %. The DpR correlated with @entity1349 (r s   =   0.314, p   =   0.027) as well as @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) (r s   =   0.366, p   =   0.017). Interestingly, DpR was moderately associated with @entity1349 and @entity1349 (r s   =   0.587, r s   =   0.570, respectively) in @entity1 harboring @entity5 with @entity75 , but was not associated with @entity1349 or @entity1349 in @entity1 with @entity75 . FOLFOX plus cetuximab was active as a first-line treatment for Japanese mCRC @entity1 , with no unexpected @entity137 . CONCLUSIONS: Our prospective evaluation of chronological @entity5 shrinkage showed that ETS and DpR correlate with outcomes in @entity1 with @entity984 wild-type mCRC who receive cetuximab-based chemotherapy (UMIN000004197).

title: Early Tumor Shrinkage and Depth of Response as Predictors of Favorable Treatment Outcomes in @entity1 with Metastatic XXXX Treated with FOLFOX Plus Cetuximab (JACCRO CC-05).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['smaller target lesions', 'larger target lesions']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'PPS', 'post-progression survival', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['Colorectal Cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity1 with @entity13299 present with symptoms of @entity2359 that are not explained by known @entity74 or pathophysiological mechanisms. Correct diagnosis and prompt, effective management of @entity1 with this disorder is essential. Healthcare providers may be unaware of the important role of physical therapy in the management of @entity1 with @entity13299 . While numerous reports have suggested the need for physical therapy management of this disorder, there is a lack of reports outlining specific physical therapy management principles or daily treatment progression. The purpose of this series of case reports is to provide an overview of @entity13299 and describe successful physical therapy management strategies used to treat three @entity1 with @entity717 due to this disorder. CASE DESCRIPTION: The @entity1 were 18-, 20-, and 34-year-old @entity1 treated in a hospital inpatient rehabilitation setting. Behavioral modification and shaping techniques formed the basis for the physical therapy treatment approach. @entity910 patterns were ignored, and correct movement patterns were reinforced using feedback and praise. The @entity1 advanced through a progressively more difficult therapy program based on treatment approaches used with analogous neurological conditions. OUTCOMES: All three @entity1 showed complete resolution of their symptoms and returned to independent mobility, independent living, and to work or school.

title: Physical therapy management for XXXX : case series.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity910 :: ('MESH:D004409', 'Disease') :: ['Abnormal movement']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['physical disorders']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['movement impairment']

entities_list: @entity13299 :: ('MESH:D003291', 'Disease') :: ['conversion disorder']

entities_list: @entity2359 :: ('MESH:D020258', 'Disease') :: ['sensory and motor dysfunction']

answer: @entity13299 :: (MESH:D003291,Disease) :: ['conversion disorder']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: As antiretroviral treatment (ART) continues to expand in resource-limited countries, the emergence of @entity645 drug resistance mutations (DRMs) is challenging in these settings. In Gabon (central Africa), no study has yet reported the virological effectiveness of initial ART given through routine @entity645 care. METHODS: Following the World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations, a cross-sectional study with a one-time @entity2858 RNA viral load (VL) measurement was conducted in Gabon to assess @entity177 ( @entity177 ) defined by a VL result >= 1000 copies/ml and DRMs among adult @entity1 living with non-B @entity2858 strains and receiving first-line non- @entity2353 reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)-based antiretroviral therapy for at least 12 months. Risk factors associated with @entity177 and DRMs were assessed. RESULTS: Between March 2010 and March 2011, a total of 375 @entity1 were consecutively enrolled from two decentralized (one semirural and one rural) @entity645 care centres. Median time on ART was 33.6 months (range, 12-107). Overall, the rate of @entity177 was 41.3% (36.4-46.4). Among viremic @entity1 , 56.7% (80/141) had at least one DRM and 37.6% had dual-class resistance to @entity2353 reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) and NNRTIs. The most frequent DRMs were @entity19898 /S (46.1%) and @entity19899 /I (37.6%). @entity1014 analogue mutations were found in 10.6%. Independent risk factors associated with @entity177 were being followed up at the semirural centre (P=0.033), having experienced unstructured treatment interruptions (P=0.0044), and having low @entity404 + counts at enrolment (P<0.0001). A longer time on ART (P=0.0008) and being followed up at the rural centre (P=0.021) were risk factors for DRMs. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study conducted in Gabon providing @entity177 rates and DRM patterns in adult @entity1 receiving first-line ART. In sub-Saharan Africa, where NNRTI-based regimens are recommended as the standard for first-line ART, strengthening virological monitoring together with preventing unplanned treatment interruptions are a global public health priority.

title: Virological failure rates and XXXX drug resistance patterns in @entity1 on first-line antiretroviral treatment in semirural and rural Gabon.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2353 :: ('CHEBI:33838', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleoside']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['VF', 'virological failure']

entities_list: @entity1014 :: ('MESH:D013936', 'Chemical') :: ['Thymidine']

answer: @entity2858 :: (11676,Species) :: ['HIV-1']


abstract: The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a highly conserved physiological program involved in development and tissue repair; however, its aberrant activation has been implicated in accelerating the progression of a variety of @entity5 . In @entity0 , the microRNAs (miRNAs) @entity494 and @entity10074 ( @entity41852 ) are differentially expressed in the clinically more aggressive basal-like subtype compared to luminal subtype of @entity0 and upregulation of @entity41852 induces the EMT by targeting the 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) of the GATA family transcriptional repressor @entity238 (tricho-rhino-phalangeal syndrome type 1). The complete mechanism through which @entity41852 promotes the EMT, however, is not fully understood. We identified @entity15443 ( @entity15443 ), a receptor for the adipocytokine @entity1254 , as a direct target of @entity41852 . @entity15443 is expressed at higher levels in the luminal compared to the basal-like subtype of @entity0 cell lines, which can be reduced by @entity41852 targeting of its 3'UTR. In addition, @entity41852 were negatively correlated with @entity15443 expression across @entity0 cell lines and @entity5 . @entity15443 depletion by siRNA in MCF10A cells induced the EMT and increased cell invasion. Depletion of @entity15443 by siRNA induced activation of the canonical nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kB) and subsequent phosphorylation of @entity4104 ( @entity4104 ) in an @entity650 ( @entity650 )-dependent manner. Finally, overexpression of @entity15443 in the basal-like cell line, MDA-MB-231, attenuated cell invasion and promoted the @entity361 ( @entity361 ). We conclude that @entity15443 negatively regulates EMT in @entity0 and provides an additional node by which @entity41852 induces the EMT. These results suggest that @entity15443 may play an important role in @entity0 progression and @entity3 , and could potentially offer an alternative therapeutic strategy for basal-like @entity0 @entity1 .

title: @entity494 targets XXXX receptor 1 to promote the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in @entity0 .

entities_list: @entity15443 :: ('51094', 'Gene') :: ['adiponectin receptor 1', 'ADIPOR1']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity361 :: ('MESH:C535700', 'Disease') :: ['MET', 'mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity4104 :: ('6774', 'Gene') :: ['STAT3', 'signal transducer and activator of transcription 3']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity1254 :: (9370,Gene) :: ['adiponectin']


abstract: Initial therapy of shock in the @entity341 ( @entity341 ) emphasizes the normalization of physiologic variables such as heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and central venous pressure (CVP) rather than restoration of adequate tissue oxygenation. After hemodynamic stabilization of MAP, CVP, and HR, the authors examined tissue oxygenation as indicated by continuous central venous oximetry (SCVO2), @entity880 concentration, and shock index (SI). Sixteen consecutive nonrandomized @entity1 presenting to the @entity341 of a large urban hospital in shock (MAP < 60 mm Hg, HR > 120 beats/min, and altered sensorium) were initially resuscitated with fluid, blood, inotropes, and/or vasoactive drug therapy to normalize MAP, CVP, and HR. In addition, SCVO2, arterial @entity880 concentration, and SI were measured after completion of resuscitation in the @entity341 . Eight @entity1 (group no. 1) had inadequate tissue oxygenation reflected by low SCVO2 (less than 65%). Four @entity1 in group no. 1 had elevated arterial @entity880 concentration. All group no. 1 @entity1 had an elevated SI (> 0.7) suggesting persistent impairment of left @entity64 work. Eight @entity1 (group no. 2) had normal or elevated SCVO2 (> 65%). In group no. 2, arterial @entity880 concentration was elevated in six and SI in seven @entity1 . Normalization of hemodynamic variables does not adequately reflect the optimal endpoint of initial therapy in shock in the @entity341 . Most (94%) of these @entity1 continue to have significant global @entity63 and @entity299 as indicated by reduced SCVO2 and elevated @entity880 concentration and SI. Systemic tissue oxygenation should be monitored and optimized in the @entity341 in these critically ill @entity1 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Continuous central venous oximetry and shock index in the XXXX : use in the evaluation of clinical shock.

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular stroke']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['emergency department', 'ED']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactic acid', 'lactate']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac dysfunction']

answer: @entity341 :: (MESH:D004630,Disease) :: ['emergency department']


abstract: OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: To review long-term hearing results after intact canal wall mastoidectomy with tympanoplasty for treatment of @entity3540 and to identify factors associated with improved hearing outcomes. STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective analysis of all cases of @entity3540 treated with intact canal wall mastoidectomy at a single institution by the senior author over a period of 9 years, for which at least 2 years of follow-up data exist. METHODS: @entity1 and disease information was collected retrospectively and analyzed. RESULTS: There were 148 @entity1 with 156 affected ears treated and followed for a median of 5.3 years (interquartile range, 3.6-7.4 years). The majority of the operations (144/156, 92%) were staged. Hearing data were available for 150 ears. The overall postoperative mean air-bone gap was  <= 20 dB in 64% of @entity1 . This was maintained long term in most @entity1 , with 59% of @entity1 still with an air-bone gap  <= 20 dB at a median follow-up of 5.3 years. The presence of an intact stapes did not affect initial hearing outcomes, but the group with an intact stapes had improved long-term hearing results compared to those without an intact stapes (71% vs. 42% air-bone gap  <= 20 dB, P < .001). The presence of a malleus handle also led to superior long-term hearing outcomes (72% vs. 48% air-bone gap  <= 20 dB, P = .005). CONCLUSIONS: Long-term hearing results from intact canal wall mastoidectomy with tympanoplasty are excellent, with the majority of @entity1 maintaining a small air-bone gap long term. The presence of a stapes and/or malleus handle confers improved long-term hearing outcomes.

title: Tympanoplasty with intact canal wall mastoidectomy for XXXX : long-term hearing outcomes.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity3540 :: ('MESH:D002781', 'Disease') :: ['cholesteatoma']

answer: @entity3540 :: (MESH:D002781,Disease) :: ['cholesteatoma']


abstract: @entity25576 ( @entity25576 ) is capable of controlling various members in @entity413 and lipid metabolism pathways. Much evidence suggests that the @entity37203 polymorphism in the @entity25576 gene may lead to alteration of lipid metabolism. The objective of this study was to test the association between @entity37203 and @entity6 ( @entity6 ) and its related lipid metabolic traits in the Chinese population. A total of 287 eligible @entity6 families were chosen in Beijing. A set of questionnaires was administered to obtain information on demographic characteristics. Physical measurements were recorded. DNA was extracted from blood samples and genotyped using PCR-RFLP method. Statistical analyses including linkage analysis and family-based association test were performed to detect the relationship between @entity37203 and @entity6 related traits. In the non-parametric linkage analysis, it was observed that @entity37203 is potentially linked with @entity412 and @entity2204 levels, where the logarithm of the odds scores were 0.87 (p=0.02) and 1.96 (p=0.001), respectively. Similar results were obtained in the multi-factorial generalized estimating equation analysis. Using different statistical approaches, in this study, we have confirmed that the single nucleotide polymorphism @entity37203 is related to @entity412 and @entity2204 levels in @entity6 families.

title: A Common Polymorphism of XXXX Gene is associated with Lipid Profile: A Study in Chinese Type 2 @entity6 Families.

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['T2DM', 'type 2 diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity25576 :: ('7391', 'Gene') :: ['Upstream transcription factor 1', 'USF1']

entities_list: @entity2204 :: ('348', 'Gene') :: ['apolipoprotein E']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity25576 :: (7391,Gene) :: ['Upstream Transcription Factor 1']


abstract: An altered expression pattern of adhesion molecules (AM) on the surface of immune cells is a premise for their extravasation into the central nervous system (CNS) and the formation of acute @entity75 in @entity15 ( @entity15 ). We evaluated the impact of @entity1638 (GA) on cell-bound and soluble AM in the peripheral blood of @entity1 with relapsing-remitting @entity15 (RRMS). Fifteen @entity1 treated de novo with GA were studied on four occasions over a period of 12 months. Surface levels of @entity2071 , @entity20394 , @entity1453 and very late activation antigen (VLA)-4 were assessed in T cells (CD3(+) CD8(+) , CD3(+) CD4(+) ), B cells, natural killer (NK) cells, natural killer T cells (NK   T) and monocytes by five-colour flow cytometry. Soluble @entity4105 , @entity2071 , @entity20394 , @entity2279 , @entity8729 and @entity4725 were determined with a fluorescent bead-based immunoassay. The pro-migratory pattern in RRMS was verified by comparison with healthy controls and was characterized by up-regulation of @entity1453 (CD3(+) CD4(+) T cells, B cells), VLA-4 (CD3(+) CD8(+) T cells, NK cells), @entity2071 (B cells) and @entity20394 (NK cells). Effects of GA treatment were most pronounced after 6 months and included attenuated levels of @entity1453 (CD3(+) CD4(+) ) and VLA-4 (CD3(+) CD4(+) , CD3(+) CD8(+) , NK, NK   T, monocytes). Further effects included lowering of @entity2071 and @entity20394 levels in almost all immune cell subsets. Soluble AM levels in RRMS did not differ from healthy controls and remained unaltered after GA treatment. The deregulated pro-migratory expression profile of cell-bound AM is altered by GA treatment. While this alteration may contribute to the beneficial action of the drug, the protracted development and unselective changes indicate more secondary immune regulatory phenomena related to these effects.

title: XXXX attenuates the pro-migratory profile of adhesion molecules on various immune cell subsets in @entity15 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1638 :: ('MESH:C089995', 'Chemical') :: ['glatiramer acetate']

entities_list: @entity4725 :: ('7412', 'Gene') :: ['vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain lesions']

entities_list: @entity2279 :: ('5175', 'Gene') :: ['platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule (PECAM)-1']

entities_list: @entity1453 :: ('3683', 'Gene') :: ['lymphocyte function-associated antigen (LFA)-1', 'LFA-1']

entities_list: @entity2071 :: ('3383', 'Gene') :: ['ICAM-1', 'intracellular cell adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['MS', 'multiple sclerosis']

answer: @entity1638 :: (MESH:C089995,Chemical) :: ['Glatiramer acetate']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity263 is the most common @entity5 in @entity1 in many Western countries and is the second-leading cause of @entity5 in @entity1 . More than 30% of @entity1 over the age of 50 will develop a malignant change in the prostate. Common sites of metastasis include bone and regional lymph nodes. CASE REPORT: This is a case report of @entity263 in an elderly @entity1 presenting with cough and cervical @entity3329 . The lymph node cytology reported moderately differentiated @entity420 , and immunohistochemistry of the biopsy specimen with PSA staining demonstrated the @entity5 to be of prostatic origin. The @entity1 responded dramatically to @entity342 blockade therapy. Clearing of chest infiltrates and regression in size of cervical lymph nodes were evident within 6 months. CONCLUSIONS: @entity263 should be considered as one of the differential diagnoses of generalized @entity3329 in males with @entity420 of undetermined origin, even in the absence of lower urinary tract symptoms. Immunohistochemistry with PSA staining can confirm the diagnosis. Hormonal therapy is an effective treatment modality, even in @entity1 with an advanced stage of disease.

title: @entity263 presenting as cervical XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'man', 'men']

entities_list: @entity3329 :: ('MESH:D008206', 'Disease') :: ['lymphadenopathy']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer', 'Prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'malignancy']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity3329 :: (MESH:D008206,Disease) :: ['lymphadenopathy']


abstract: AIMS: This study compared rates of self harm among victims of domestic assault presenting to an @entity341 ( @entity341 ) with those rates among other @entity341 @entity1 . It also explored the temporal and numeric relation between domestic assaults and self harm. METHODS: A retrospective matched cohort study was conducted using the medical records of a single @entity341 . The cases were @entity1 who had presented to the @entity341 as a consequence of domestic assault. Two control groups matched for age, sex, and Cambridge postcode were randomly generated from the @entity341 @entity1 list. The second control group cases were also matched for postcode sector as a surrogate approximate for socioeconomic status in addition to age and sex. Cases and controls were followed up between November 1996 and 1 October 2004 documenting the number and timing of episodes of self harm reported in the study period. RESULTS: Altogether, 294 cases and 558 controls were followed up. @entity1 suffering domestic assault were more likely to present with self harm than controls (RR 3.6 95% CI 2.1-6.5). This effect appeared to be independent of deprivation. @entity1 suffering domestic assault had more @entity341 contacts than controls. There was a moderate correlation between the number of episodes of self harm and number of assaults (Spearman's rho 0.3 p<0.001). Socioeconomic status was a poor predictor of self harm. Emergency physicians should consider asking about suicidal ideation in victims of domestic assault.

title: The association between domestic violence and self harm in emergency medicine XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['emergency department', 'ED']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Opioid-induced @entity1142 is commonly seen in pediatrics, especially at the end of life. As @entity1 clinically decline, @entity1142 often leads to increased @entity158 and distress, while its enteral treatment becomes more challenging. METHOD: There is little information about the safety and use of @entity25716 in @entity1 . We present the case of a 17-month-old @entity1 with progressive @entity1778 who was at the end of her life and whose severe opioid-induced @entity1142 and @entity3577 was successfully treated with the  -opioid-receptor antagonist @entity25716 . We selected a lower dose based on our lack of experience with @entity25716 in this age group and concern for potential complications given her @entity3577 . DISCUSSION: Opioid-induced @entity1142 , abdominal distention, and @entity3577 caused our @entity1 's most distressing symptoms, even in the context of advanced @entity5 . A single dose of subcutaneous @entity25716 (0.12   mg/kg) resolved her @entity1142 and @entity3577 within one hour. Although evidence is limited, the drug has successfully been used in pediatric @entity1 with no reported side effects to date. We recommend its use earlier in the course of severe opioid-induced @entity1142 in @entity1 unable to tolerate an oral laxation regimen. Prospective research is needed to establish the parameters for use of this effective agent in @entity1 who cannot tolerate other regimens.

title: @entity25716 use in a seventeen-month-old female with progressive XXXX and @entity3577 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'girl', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity25716 :: ('MESH:C032257', 'Chemical') :: ['methylnaltrexone']

entities_list: @entity1142 :: ('MESH:D003248', 'Disease') :: ['constipation']

entities_list: @entity3577 :: ('MESH:D056887', 'Disease') :: ['rectal prolapse']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the interobserver agreement of stigmata of recent hemorrhage of @entity548 peptic @entity1066 . METHODS: Sixty-one consecutive adult @entity1 were enrolled in the study and nine (three junior and six senior) endoscopists reviewed standardized video recordings of endoscopic examinations. Interobserver agreement was evaluated using the kappa (kappa) index, intraclass correlation coefficient, and proportion of agreement. Observer bias and poorly trained observers were investigated. RESULTS: Interobserver agreement was very good for oozing (kappa = 0.68), good for clot (kappa = 0.51), poor for spurting (kappa = 0.29) and visible vessels (kappa = 0.33), and excellent for the absence of stigmata (kappa = 0.82). Observer bias sometimes occurred and the number of poorly trained observers was low. The kappa indexes were significantly better in senior than in junior investigators: 0.48 +/- 0.16 versus 0.37 +/- 0.26, respectively, p < 0.05. The agreement between the in vivo evaluation and video tape recordings (intraobserver agreement) was good (kappa = 0.60 +/- 0.19). There was no training phenomenon between the first and the second half of the @entity1 group. CONCLUSIONS: The endoscopic classification of @entity548 @entity1066 might be simplified by limiting grading to a few classes. Special attention should be paid to the training of endoscopists.

title: Interobserver agreement on endoscopic diagnosis of @entity548 peptic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

answer: @entity1066 :: (MESH:D014456,Disease) :: ['ulcers']


abstract: This case demonstrates once again the potential and serious complications of @entity174 , especially when associated @entity130 are missed. Missing the @entity1494 proved almost fatal to our @entity1 . Second, it was confirmed that in very unstable @entity174 , external fixation alone does not provide enough stability. Local stability is the cornerstone in the treatment of (bone) @entity281 , and in these cases, maximal stability is only obtainable with internal fixation. The advantages of metal implants in infected areas outweigh the disadvantages by far. For the @entity1494 , we chose a two-stage approach. First, we performed a urinary diversion, to avoid surgical closure of the infiltrated bladder wall. All cavities, including the open bladder, were packed with omentum to fill the dead space with highly vital tissue to offer stout resistance to @entity281 . Two years later, with the @entity1 in excellent physical condition, urinary undiversion was carried out. Ultimately physical and social recovery was complete.

title: Staged operative treatment in a septic @entity1 with an infected, unstable pelvis, and a missed XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bladder rupture', 'bladder-rupture']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['pelvic fractures']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['urogenital injuries']

answer: @entity1494 :: (MESH:D001745,Disease) :: ['bladder rupture']


abstract: Gross anatomical and histometric characteristics of oviducts and uteri were evaluated during the pubertal transition in ewe @entity742 . @entity742 were hysterectomized prepubertally (PP; n = 10) or 26 +/- 2 h after onset of first (FE; n = 13) or @entity3354 ( @entity3354 ; n = 12), or estrus in mature pluriparous ewes (ME; n = 4). Gross characteristics included diameters, lengths, and weights of oviducts; diameters of uterine cornua; and weights of uteri. Histometric characteristics of ampullae, isthmi, and uterine cornua included epithelial cell volume, total luminal surface area, and total number of cells per ampulla or isthmus and area of the muscularis. Side of the reproductive tract did not affect (P > 0.10) any gross or histometric characteristic. Gross uterine characteristics increased (P < 0.05) dramatically between PP ewes and FE ewes, and then increased (P < 0.05) to a lesser degree between FE and @entity3354 ewes, and again (P < 0.05) between @entity3354 and ME ewes. Histological characteristics of uteri followed a similar developmental pattern: large changes (P < 0.05) between PP and FE ewes, slight increases between FE and @entity3354 ewes, and no change (P > 0.10) between @entity3354 and ME ewes. Oviductal weight and length showed little change (P > 0.10) at puberty or by @entity3354 , but they were greater (P < 0.05) in ME ewes than in the other groups. The diameters of ampullae increased (P < 0.05) at puberty, showed no change between FE and @entity3354 ewes, and were greatest (P < 0.05) in mature ewes. These changes seemed to be due to increases (P < 0.05) in mucosal cell height and muscularis area at puberty, and to muscularis area and submucosal thickness between @entity3354 and ME ewes. The surface area of the ampullae increased (P < 0.05) at puberty or by @entity3354 in a linear manner between PP, FE, @entity3354 , and ME ewes. The diameters of isthmi did not change (P > 0.10) at puberty but increased (P < 0.05) between FE and @entity3354 , and were greatest (P < 0.05) in ME ewes. The histological characteristics of isthmi followed the pattern observed in the ampullae. However, the surface area of the isthmi showed no change (P > 0.10) at puberty or by @entity3354 and was largest (P < 0.05) in ME ewes. Results of this study indicate that gross morphological characteristics of uteri and oviducts increase at puberty with either slight increases or changes after two estrous cycles. This relationship is also reflected by histological characteristics of these organs during the pubertal transition of @entity742 .

title: Gross anatomical and histomorphometric characteristics of the oviduct and uterus during the pubertal transition in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3354 :: ('MESH:C565336', 'Disease') :: ['TE', 'third estrus']

answer: @entity742 :: (9940,Species) :: ['sheep']


abstract: To elucidate the role and timing of expression of different premalignant and malignant markers in @entity5 promotion, we correlated alterations in keratin patterns and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) expression with the chromosomal status of individual @entity19 @entity272 . @entity1185 were induced by @entity3653 initiation and @entity864 promotion. Individual @entity5 were randomly sampled at 20 and 35 weeks of promotion. Each @entity5 was cytogenetically analyzed and serial paraffin sections were used for GGT detection, immunoblotting, and immunohistochemistry studies. Monospecific antibodies elicited against keratins K1 (Mr 67,000) and @entity10802 (Mr 55,000) were used to analyze keratin modifications. Most @entity5 at 20 weeks of promotion, although exhibiting @entity2007 , still presented high levels of the K1 differentiation-associated keratin. Later during promotion those @entity5 bearing the highest @entity2007 indexes were those that showed a marked decrease in or absence of the K1 protein. Furthermore, those same @entity5 with the highest levels of genomic alterations also exhibited foci of GGT activity. These results support the idea that the majority of @entity1185 under continuous promotion are progressing toward @entity5 . Aneuploidy seems to precede detectable keratin modifications, and GGT activity appears to be the latest marker to be expressed.

title: Sequential development of XXXX , keratin modifications, and gamma-glutamyltransferase expression in @entity19 @entity272 .

entities_list: @entity3653 :: ('CHEBI:254496', 'Chemical') :: ['7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene']

entities_list: @entity2007 :: ('MESH:D000782', 'Disease') :: ['aneuploidy']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'malignancy', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1185 :: ('MESH:D010212', 'Disease') :: ['Papillomas', 'papillomas']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin papillomas']

entities_list: @entity864 :: ('MESH:C554292|MESH:D013755', 'Chemical') :: ['12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate']

answer: @entity2007 :: (MESH:D000782,Disease) :: ['aneuploidy']


abstract: @entity2661 have been implicated in the modulation of normal cell growth, exerting inhibitory or excitatory control depending on the cell type. However, there is a dearth of information on the role of adrenergic mediators in gastric cell proliferation. In the present study, the effects of @entity1425 (ADR) and @entity1063 (NOR) on mucosal cell growth and the cell cycle were evaluated in vitro using a normal @entity35 gastric mucosal cell line RGM-1. Cell proliferation was assessed using @entity665 incorporation and cell cycle patterns were determined by DNA labeling with @entity2667 and flow cytometric quantification. The expressions of adrenoceptors in RGM-1 were determined by Western blot. ADR (0.01 - 10  M) and NOR (0.01 - 10  M) inhibited the growth of RGM-1 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Pre-treatment of cells with ADR and NOR also inhibited the proliferation stimulated by epidermal growth factor (EGF). Neither @entity5521 (non-selective a-adrenergic blocker), @entity7202 (a1-selective agonist) nor @entity1338 (a2-selective agonist) significantly affected the inhibition of cell proliferation produced by ADR and NOR. @entity1169 (non-selective b-adrenergic blocker) and @entity24971 (selective b2-adrenergic blocker) significantly (but not totally) reversed the inhibitory action of ADR on cell proliferation. Furthermore, @entity11610 (selective beta-2 agonist) but not @entity452 (selective beta-1 agonist) had effects similar to those produced by ADR and NOR. Exposure of RGM-1 cells to both ADR and NOR caused significant inhibition of the G1 - S cycle progression as evidenced by the higher percentage of the G0/G1 phase and a decreased S- phase. This effect was blocked by pre-treatment with @entity1169 but not @entity5521 These results indicate that @entity2661 inhibit the proliferation of RGM-1 cells probably partly through beta-2 receptors.

title: XXXX inhibit gastric epithelial [RGM-1] cell proliferation via b adrenoceptors.

entities_list: @entity7202 :: ('MESH:D008729', 'Chemical') :: ['methoxamine']

entities_list: @entity1169 :: ('MESH:D011433', 'Chemical') :: ['propranolol', 'Propranolol']

entities_list: @entity1338 :: ('MESH:D003000', 'Chemical') :: ['clonidine']

entities_list: @entity452 :: ('MESH:D004280', 'Chemical') :: ['dobutamine']

entities_list: @entity2667 :: ('MESH:D011419', 'Chemical') :: ['propidium iodide']

entities_list: @entity1425 :: ('MESH:D004837', 'Chemical') :: ['adrenaline']

entities_list: @entity5521 :: ('MESH:D010646', 'Chemical') :: ['phentolamine']

entities_list: @entity665 :: ('CHEBI:53526', 'Chemical') :: ['[3H]-thymidine']

entities_list: @entity24971 :: ('MESH:D002078', 'Chemical') :: ['butoxamine']

entities_list: @entity11610 :: ('MESH:D017265', 'Chemical') :: ['procaterol']

entities_list: @entity2661 :: ('MESH:D002395', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamines', 'Catecholamines']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['noradrenaline']

answer: @entity2661 :: (MESH:D002395,Chemical) :: ['Catecholamines']


abstract: Both @entity205 and bacterial lipopolysaccharide enhance prostanoid synthesis and regulate the immune response. This study was designed to establish whether these agents affect prostanoid synthesis by common or different mechanisms. @entity870 and @entity558 stimulate prostanoid synthesis both in @entity1 monocytes and smooth muscle cells from @entity840 aorta. Only @entity558 stimulates synthesis in the presence of exogenous @entity1426 . @entity619 totally blocks @entity870 but only partially inhibits @entity558 . @entity870 and @entity558 both enhance the release of labeled metabolites from cells labeled with @entity1426 , but @entity3352 only blocks the effect of @entity558 . @entity870 and the releasing agent @entity460 ionophore ( @entity3365 ) both increase @entity1421 and PGI2 synthesis without changing their relative concentrations, cause the release of free @entity1426 , and lead to the formation of new metabolites that are not products of cyclooxygenase activity. Preincubation with either @entity870 or @entity3365 and a subsequent wash deplete the @entity1426 pool available for prostanoid synthesis. Thus, @entity3365 and @entity870 have very similar effects on @entity1426 metabolism. In contrast, @entity558 increases PGE2 and PGI2 synthesis and alters their relative concentrations, diminishes the relative concentration of free @entity1426 , and enhances the formation of new metabolites that are products of cyclooxygenase activity. These differences are explained by mechanisms in which @entity870 promotes prostanoid synthesis through @entity1426 release, and @entity558 promotes prostanoid synthesis through increased cyclooxygenase activity.

title: Mechanisms for the stimulation of prostanoid synthesis by XXXX and bacterial lipopolysaccharide.

entities_list: @entity1426 :: ('MESH:D016718', 'Chemical') :: ['arachidonic acid']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporine']

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['Dexamethasone']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity3352 :: ('MESH:D007213', 'Chemical') :: ['indomethacin']

answer: @entity205 :: (MESH:D016572,Chemical) :: ['cyclosporine']


abstract: The generation of human antibodies derived from extranodal MALT type @entity1892 allows to evaluate steps in their pathogenesis as well as to establish potential immunological therapies. Intraclonal diversity and the existence of bystander nonmalignant B-cells outline the need for reliable identification of the @entity5 immunoglobulin representing hybridomas. @entity1 heterohybridomas were generated from five cases of MALT type @entity1892 (4 low grade, one high grade) by the fusion of lymphoma B-cells with the @entity19 @entity1582 cell line NSO and tested for isotype identity with the @entity5 . RT-PCR using VH Fr1/JH primers was performed with RNA of @entity5 and hybridomas that share the same isotype with the @entity5 . PCR-products were sequenced directly. In each case @entity706 were hybridized with a comparable fusion efficiency. DNA sequence analysis of the immunoglobulin heavy chain identified one or more hybridomas derived from the @entity5 . However some other hybridomas which share the same isotype with the @entity5 , may be different in their VH family or their sequence. Hybridomas can be used as a tool for the research on the @entity1074 immunoglobulin receptor. For the identification of @entity5 immunoglobulin, secreting hybridomas sequencing and the check of molecular identity is indispensable after isotype determination.

title: Receptor analysis of idiotype antibodies derived from MALT type XXXX .

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1074 :: ('MESH:D018442', 'Disease') :: ['MALT lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ['B-cell lymphomas']

answer: @entity1892 :: (MESH:D016393,Disease) :: ['B-cell lymphoma hybridomas']


abstract: @entity2880 is a rare @entity3459 , which has been related in various diseases including @entity1071 or @entity792 . Its diagnosis is an important step before treatment of @entity1 and particularly in case of @entity548 . We report four cases from Caen @entity447 Treatment Center, diagnosed and treated from 1999 to 2008. @entity548 in every case were the same as in @entity2880 . All @entity1 had no personal or family history of @entity548 . Phenotype was identified as @entity29211 with a loss of high molecular weight multimers. @entity2880 factor inhibitor screening was positive for three @entity1 . The etiological diagnosis was one @entity6444 , two @entity8058 ( @entity8058 ) and one undetermined case. The management of @entity1 need two stages: first infusions of @entity31950 /factor @entity797 concentrates to stop @entity548 , then treatment of the underlying disease such as chemotherapy, corticotherapy and treatment with high doses of polyvalents immunoglobulins. In every case, treatment was effective and improved @entity1 's quality of life.

title: [ XXXX : from diagnosis to treatment].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1071 :: ('MESH:D008232', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoproliferative disorders']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding', 'bleeds', 'Mucocutaneous bleeds']

entities_list: @entity447 :: ('MESH:D006467', 'Disease') :: ['Hemophilia']

entities_list: @entity8058 :: ('MESH:D008998', 'Disease') :: ['MGUS', 'monoclonal gammapathies of undetermined significance']

entities_list: @entity3459 :: ('MESH:D025861', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding disorder']

entities_list: @entity6444 :: ('MESH:D015461', 'Disease') :: ['chronic lymphocytic leukaemia']

entities_list: @entity31950 :: ('MESH:C531844', 'Disease') :: ['factor von Willebrand']

entities_list: @entity29211 :: ('MESH:D056728', 'Disease') :: ['type 2 von Willebrand disease']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune diseases']

entities_list: @entity2880 :: ('MESH:D014842', 'Disease') :: ['hereditary von Willebrand disease', 'Anti-von Willebrand', 'Acquired von Willebrand syndrome']

answer: @entity2880 :: (MESH:D014842,Disease) :: ['Acquired von Willebrand syndrome']


abstract: Because cystinotic @entity1 are polyuric and may have severe @entity644 , each of which is a potential risk factor for graft @entity715 , preemptive transplantation for them is questionable. The objectives of this study were to characterize the changes in urine volume and protein excretion at various stages of @entity8518 , determine whether there is serologic evidence of @entity49 , and review the clinical experience in renal transplantation in cystinotic @entity1 . The records of cystinotic @entity1 followed at the Montreal @entity1 's Hospital between 1992 and 1998 were reviewed. Urinary volume, protein excretion, and coagulation markers were collected to determine the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) >50 ml/ @entity1009 .73 m2, <20 ml/ @entity1009 .73 m2, before and after starting dialysis. In addition, graft failure and graft @entity715 rates were obtained from the North American Pediatric Renal Transplant Cooperative Study (NAPRTCS) database. Urinary volume and protein excretion remained elevated throughout different phases of the disease. Coagulation factors were within normal limits for all @entity1 . In the NAPRTCS database there were four @entity715 among the 114 @entity1 transplanted cystinotic @entity1 . All these occurred in cadaveric grafts and only one occurred after preemptive transplantation. Despite @entity2011 and severe @entity644 , @entity1 with @entity8518 do not appear to be at an increased risk of graft failure or graft @entity715 .

title: XXXX and @entity644 in @entity8518 have no impact on renal transplantation. A report of the North American Pediatric Renal Transplant Cooperative Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity49 :: ('MESH:D019851', 'Disease') :: ['hypercoagulability']

entities_list: @entity8518 :: ('MESH:D003554', 'Disease') :: ['cystinosis']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thromboses', 'thrombosis']

answer: @entity2011 :: (MESH:D011141,Disease) :: ['Polyuria']


abstract: To investigate the mechanisms of development in @entity741 , intracellular pH and high energy @entity6546 in perfused @entity840 hearts were measured using 31P-MRS method. During 60 minutes' global @entity63 , intracellular @entity855 level decreased to 1.2% and 26.4% of control, respectively with and without preischemic administration of @entity3044 , while intracellular pH declined to 6.48 and 6.03. In hearts loaded with @entity3044 , approximately 50% of @entity855 was depleted with little pH decline. After 40 minutes' reperfusion with a standard perfusate, @entity855 levels were 23.3% and 46.1%. Cardiac contractility (LVdp/dt) were 16.3% and 45.0% of control value respectively. When hearts were reperfused with @entity14572 , cardiac functions recovered to 52.3% and 81.6% respectively with and without preischemic administration of @entity3044 , while @entity855 increased to 59.4% and 78.1% after 6 hours' reperfusion. Recovery of @entity855 level correlated with recovery of contractility. @entity3044 stole the ability of @entity855 synthesis from a plenty of @entity63 myocytes and progressed irreversible @entity741 . @entity855 depletion was a critical factor in the onset of irreversibility rather than accumulation of anerobic glycolytic products. Measurement of ability of @entity855 synthesis, with administration of @entity14572 , was supposed to be an usable method to evaluate any organ's viability using 31P-MRS.

title: Mechanisms of @entity741 assessed by phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy (effects of catecholamine on XXXX hearts).

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia', 'ischemic']

entities_list: @entity6546 :: ('MESH:D010710', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphates']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic myocardial injury', 'myocardial ischemic injury']

entities_list: @entity3044 :: ('MESH:D007545', 'Chemical') :: ['Isoproterenol', 'isoproterenol']

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['ischemic']


abstract: Seventy @entity1 presenting symptoms of @entity9496 (49 @entity1 and 21 @entity1 ) were selected among @entity1 observed at the Institute Minkowska during the year. This work is part of a research work on socio-cultural and environmental factors which can change mental status of immigrants. These are all portugese workers presenting for the first time atypical mental troubles called by the author: "bastard hysterical syndrome of the immigrant" and characterized partly or totally by the following symptoms: fatigue, @entity148 , sense of suffocation, @entity1353 , coughing, unilateral chills or generalized chil, @entity490 , @entity10 and " @entity158 ", @entity809 , aching back, tears and sorrow, fear of dying or having a @entity5 , @entity1395 , leg @entity809 and contractions, @entity391 , @entity294 , @entity158 , palpitations, @entity1296 and collapsing. These troubles appear sometimes without apparent motives but they are almost always due to a precipitating cause expressed by the @entity1 : a delivery, a @entity204 , a homosexual proposition, a @entity130 without importance, a working conflict etc... But the most frequent cause invoked is "the french climate" without knowing precisely what the word "climate" means: atmospheric conditions, athmosphere or reception milieu? This latest interpretation seems more likely after months of psychotherapy. Most @entity1 are not french speaking and cannot write; their origin is rural (familial villages well structured regarding their food and sexual economy), and @entity1 well "armed" by a system of defense mechanisms and well adopted conditioned reflexes. In this work, @entity9496 of the portugese immigrant is compared to childhood @entity9496 . As the hysterical burst of the @entity1 is aimed at calling attention, love of the mother, at finding a solution to a familial or social conflict, the hysterical burst of the immigrant is aimed at the absent family or at its substitutes, the bos, social security, the doctor. Furthermore, the attitude of the hosting Country--wanting and rejecting--is very ambivalent; "tenderness" at the time of reception, followed by indifference. Early attentions are followed by constant interdictions (threat of unemployment, false statements on sexual dangers of the immigrant etc;..). The immigrant, like the hysterical @entity1 , is periodically controlled (work and visit cards), supervised (supervisors), The narcistic satisfactions of being called a good worker can be followed by threats of firing in economic crisis. The society of the hosting country requires the immigrant to be identical to this society: language, physical appearance, food. The real paradoxical situation to which the immigrant is confronted and the real or hypothetical fears constitute conditions of experimental @entity11167 , to which portugese immigrants react very often by a bastard symptomatology of hysterical type, characteristic of displaced @entity1 . These preliminary studies are the frame for a future epidemiological survey in this specific population.

title: [ XXXX and psychosomatic disorders in Portuguese immigrants].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'patient', 'man', 'women', 'child', 'patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity1296 :: ('MESH:D004244', 'Disease') :: ['dizziness']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity809 :: ('MESH:D010292', 'Disease') :: ['paresthesia']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal or gastric pains']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['diffused pains', 'cardiac pains']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headaches']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['familial death']

answer: @entity9496 :: (MESH:D007046,Disease) :: ['Hysteria']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Reduction malarplasty via an intraoral approach for correction of a prominent malar complex is quite popular in the Orient. However, one point of fixation in the anterior zygoma body area, the most widely used method, sometimes is insufficient and likely to result in malunion and cheek drooping. We designed a new assisted fixation technique to strengthen the effect of fixation. METHODS: Two parallel oblique vertical ostectomies were performed on the zygomatic body with a groove left in the @entity389 . The zygomatic arch root was cut obliquely through a small sideburn incision just in front of articular tubercle, medial to lateral and anterior to posterior. The freed malar complex was medially and superiorly repositioned with the zygomatic body wedged in the groove, followed by fixation with one miniplate or wire. Finally, the periosteum in the zygomatic area was pulled and sutured to the deep temporal fascia. RESULTS: Most @entity1 were satisfied with their results. No inferiorly displaced malunion occurred in the zygomatic body. There were no serious complications such as nonunion or permanent @entity2123 . Minor complications, including palpable step-off, mild asymmetry, @entity1410 , and mild cheek drooping, occurred in some cases. CONCLUSION: Our assisted fixation method, combined with subperiosteal lifting, can provide ideal effects and sufficient fixation in @entity353 to prevent many complications such as malunion and cheek drooping. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .

title: A new assisted fixation technique to prevent zygoma displacement in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['malar reduction']

entities_list: @entity2123 :: ('MESH:D020220', 'Disease') :: ['facial nerve injury']

entities_list: @entity389 :: ('MESH:D007759', 'Disease') :: ['inner osteotomy line']

answer: @entity353 :: (MESH:D015431,Disease) :: ['malar reduction']


abstract: The present study investigated the long-term effects of @entity174 on the plantar pressure distribution during @entity1 gait. Fourteen @entity1 participated in a follow-up study and were assigned to a group with good or poor calceneus restoration as indicated by normal or reduced B  hler's angle. Ten normal subjects with similar anthropometric characteristics were used for comparison. Gait analysis was performed by means of a capacitive pressure distribution platform. A comparison of the injured with the healthy foot of all @entity1 revealed a statistically significant peak pressure decrease under medial areas of the foot (first metatarsal -24%) and an increase in lateral areas (midfoot +135%, fifth metatarsal +122%). This load shift towards a lateral loading indicates a persisting deviation of the gait pattern long after healing. Furthermore we investigated whether the success of the restoration of hindfoot geometry as reflected in B  hler's angle had an effect on the foot loading characteristics. Therefore we compared the gait patterns of the two @entity1 groups with the normal subjects. However, the results did not reveal more abnormal pressure patterns in the poorly reduced group. RELEVANCE:--The restoration of the shape of the calcaneus with joint surface congruity and reconstruction of B  hler's angle appears generally accepted as a major aim in the treatment of @entity174 . While this goal can usually be achieved by contemporary surgical techniques, the restoration of foot function under dynamic loading conditions is not guaranteed and should be assessed objectively. The investigation of the foot loading characteristics by means of plantar pressure measurements can be used to support the evaluation of the @entity1 's recovery after @entity130 .

title: Long-term effects of hindfoot XXXX evaluated by means of plantar pressure analyses.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['calcaneal fractures']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['fractures']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: A generic @entity900 formulation has replaced the brand-name formulation since November 2003 in our hospital. We retrospectively assessed the @entity8 caused by the brand-name and generic @entity900 formulations. METHODS: The medical records of @entity1 with @entity5 who were treated at our hospital between November 2000 and April 2008 were reviewed. In total, 1296 eligible @entity1 received 80 mg/m(2) of @entity900 : 499 @entity1 were treated with the brand-name @entity900 formulation before November 2003 (Group 1) and 797 @entity1 were treated with the generic formulation after November 2003 (Group 2). We compared the maximum serum @entity1011 level after chemotherapy in the two groups. RESULTS: The @entity1 characteristics, including age, sex and performance status, and pretreatment serum @entity1011 levels were well balanced between the two groups. More @entity1 received four cycles of chemotherapy in Group 2 (P < 0.0001). The median (range) of the maximum serum @entity1011 levels during all the chemotherapy cycles were 1.1 (0.5-4.1) mg/dl and 1.1 (0.5-4.4) mg/dl in Groups 1 and 2, respectively (P = 0.0237). The incidence of grade 0 serum @entity1011 elevations decreased from 47% to 39%, while that of grade 1 serum @entity1011 elevations increased from 32% to 41% (P = 0.0094). The incidence rates of grade 2 or 3 serum @entity1011 elevations were similar (21 vs. 20%). The time to serum @entity1011 elevation was also similar in Groups 1 and 2 (P = 0.161). CONCLUSION: Although grade 1 maximum serum @entity1011 level was more common in the generic @entity900 formulation group, this was attributed to the larger number of @entity1 receiving four cycles of chemotherapy in this group.

title: @entity8 caused by brand-name versus generic XXXX : a comparative analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal toxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['thoracic malignancy']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

answer: @entity900 :: (MESH:D002945,Chemical) :: ['cisplatin']


abstract: In signal processing terms, the operation of the @entity1 cochlea in the inner ear may be likened to a bank of filters. Based on otoacoustic emission evidence, it has been recently claimed that cochlear tuning is sharper for @entity1 than for other mammals. The claim was corroborated with a behavioral method that involves the masking of pure tones with forward @entity392 ( @entity392 ). Using this method, it has been further claimed that @entity1 cochlear tuning is sharper than suggested by earlier behavioral studies. These claims are controversial. Here, we contribute to the controversy by theoretically assessing the accuracy of the @entity392 method at inferring the bandwidth (BW) of nonlinear cochlear filters. Behavioral forward masking was mimicked using a computer model of the squared basilar membrane response followed by a temporal integrator. Isoresponse and isolevel versions of the forward masking @entity392 method were applied to infer the already known BW of the cochlear filter used in the model. We show that isolevel methods were overall more accurate than isoresponse methods. We also show that BWs for NNs and sinusoids equate only for isolevel methods and when the levels of the two stimuli are appropriately scaled. Lastly, we show that the inferred BW depends on the method version (isolevel BW was twice as broad as isoresponse BW at 40 dB @entity16811 ) and on the stimulus level (isoresponse and isolevel BW decreased and increased, respectively, with increasing level over the level range where cochlear responses went from linear to compressive). We suggest that the latter may contribute to explaining the reported differences in cochlear tuning across behavioral studies and species. We further suggest that given the well-established nonlinear nature of cochlear responses, even greater care must be exercised when using a single BW value to describe and compare cochlear tuning.

title: On the controversy about the sharpness of XXXX cochlear tuning.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian', 'human']

entities_list: @entity392 :: ('MESH:D014012', 'Disease') :: ['notched noises', 'NN']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: Preservation of the liver involves a period of cold (0 degrees to 4 degrees C) @entity63 ; the longer the ischemic period, the greater the @entity99 . The mechanisms for cold-induced @entity63 are not known, but it is clear that after preservation the liver has a reduced capacity to regenerate high-energy @entity1391 compounds ( @entity855 ). One cause for the delayed rate of @entity855 synthesis could be @entity130 . The effects of long-term (more than 24 hr) preservation on liver mitochondrial function have not been previously studied. In this study, @entity35 livers were preserved in University of Wisconsin solution at 4 degrees C for up to 96 hr. After preservation, mitochondrial respiratory function was assayed in a homogenate and in isolated mitochondria. We saw a progressive increase in @entity4626 -sensitive respiration with time of preservation (from 1.2 +/- 0.09 mumol.min-1.gm tissue-1 at 0 hr to 3.8 +/- 0.2 mumol.min-1.gm tissue-1 after 96 hr). The increase after 24-hr preservation (2.1 +/- 0.2 mumol.min-1.gm tissue-1) was also significantly greater than 0 time values (p less than 0.05). No decrease was found in uncoupler-stimulated respiration for up to 48 hr of preservation; only a small decrease was seen after 72 hr of preservation (about 30%). The cause of the increase in @entity4626 -sensitive respiration appeared to be related to free @entity1718 (or another uncoupling factor) generated during preservation. This was suggested from the fact that bovine serum albumin prevented the increase in @entity4626 -sensitive respiration after all periods of preservation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Loss of mitochondrial respiratory function and its suppression during cold ischemic preservation of XXXX livers with University of Wisconsin solution.

entities_list: @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic injury', 'ischemia']

entities_list: @entity1391 :: ('CHEBI:26020', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphate']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['injury to the liver']

entities_list: @entity4626 :: ('MESH:D009840', 'Chemical') :: ['oligomycin']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['injury to the mitochondria']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The flow diverting stent is a new and expansive tool in the endovascular therapy of @entity438 . We present our experience using @entity450 ( @entity450 ) in @entity1 with @entity438 , and a cost analysis. METHODS: Between September 2010 and May 2012, 19 consecutive @entity1 with 29 @entity438 were treated with @entity450 without the adjunctive use of coils. We retrospectively evaluated the technical aspects, @entity1031 events, adjunctive therapies, and short term results in @entity1 with @entity438 treated with @entity450 . A cost analysis of @entity1 who were treated with @entity450 was performed and compared with similar sized @entity439 with stent assisted coiling. RESULTS: The primary technical success rate was 100%. An adjunctive device was required in two of our @entity1 . The technique related complication rate and the 30 day mortality and morbidity rates were 5% (1/20) and 10% (2/20), respectively. We had a total of 263 @entity1 months of clinical and 166 @entity1 months of imaging follow-up. Follow-up imaging revealed two asymptomatic occlusions of the parent artery. Complete occlusion of the @entity439 with fully patent parent artery was observed in 59% of @entity1 where follow-up images were available. The cost analysis showed that the mean cost of treatment with @entity450 was significantly cheaper compared with the presumed cost of stent assisted coiling (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The @entity450 provides a very feasible, efficient, relatively safe, and cost effective method to treat @entity438 without the use of adjunct coiling.

title: XXXX for treatment of @entity438 : initial experience and cost analysis.

entities_list: @entity450 :: ('MESH:D006940', 'Disease') :: ['SFD', 'SILK flow diverter']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms coiled', 'aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['thromboembolic']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['complex intracranial aneurysms']

answer: @entity450 :: (MESH:D006940,Disease) :: ['SILK flow diverter']


abstract: PURPOSE: To describe 4 @entity1 who were diagnosed with @entity989 ( @entity989 ), which appeared to be the presenting symptom of @entity699 ( @entity699 ). METHODS: In this retrospective review of charts, all @entity1 received extensive ophthalmologic examination and endocrinologic analyses. RESULTS: A 56-year-old @entity1 and a 49-year-old @entity1 were treated because of bilaterally active, therapy-resistant @entity989 . The clinical sign indicative for @entity699 leading to referral to the endocrinologist was @entity425 in the @entity1 and plethora in the @entity1 . In a 37-year-old @entity1 with known @entity6 and @entity1144 , bilateral @entity989 was diagnosed before @entity699 screening. Another 49-year-old @entity1 was treated for unilateral @entity989 for 4 years. @entity1295 , @entity425 , @entity6220 , and @entity272 led to referral and a @entity699 diagnosis due to bilateral @entity774 . In all @entity1 , @entity699 surgery resulted in complete resolution of subretinal fluid. During postsurgical follow-up, no reactivation of @entity989 was observed. CONCLUSIONS: Chronic CSC can be the principal manifestation of relatively mildly symptomatic and unrecognized @entity699 . In @entity1 with @entity989 , ophthalmologists should have a high index of suspicion for clinical signs of @entity699 that warrant endocrinologic analysis. @entity699 surgery can stop active subretinal fluid leakage in @entity989 .

title: XXXX as a presenting symptom of @entity699 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients', 'man']

entities_list: @entity6220 :: ('MESH:D020279', 'Disease') :: ['central adiposity']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity1295 :: ('MESH:D005221', 'Disease') :: ['Complaints of fatigue']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['muscle weakness']

entities_list: @entity699 :: ('MESH:D003480', 'Disease') :: ['CS', 'Cushing syndrome']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin atrophy']

entities_list: @entity1144 :: ('MESH:D056128', 'Disease') :: ['central obesity']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['chronic central serous chorioretinopathy', 'cCSC']

entities_list: @entity774 :: ('MESH:D000312', 'Disease') :: ['macronodular adrenal hyperplasia']

answer: @entity989 :: (MESH:D012164,Disease) :: ['Chronic central serous chorioretinopathy']


abstract: A number of previous studies have suggested that melanin may play a role in @entity141 homeostasis of endolymph. In the present study, endolymph @entity141 levels and endocochlear potential (EP) were measured in all four cochlear turns of pigmented or albino @entity840 . Auditory sensitivity was also evaluated using cochlear action potential (AP) thresholds. In pigmented animals we found that endolymph @entity141 tended to increase from base to apex of the cochlea, while EP systematically decreased towards the apex. In contrast, no significant @entity141 gradient was found in albinos and the EP decline was far less. As a result, the apical turn of albino animals had significantly lower @entity141 and significantly higher EP than in pigmented animals. AP thresholds pooled across all test frequencies were significantly lower in albino animals although no differences at individual frequencies reached significance. Even after correction for EP differences, the endolymph @entity141 levels in albino animals were significantly lower than in pigmented ones. These results confirm that there are significant physiologic differences between pigmented and albino animals, which are a likely consequence of the absence of melanin in the albino cochlea. They are consistent with the involvement of melanin in the active transport of @entity141 into endolymph.

title: Quantitative differences in endolymphatic calcium and endocochlear potential between pigmented and albino XXXX .

answer: @entity840 :: (10141,Species) :: ['guinea pigs']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Nodal @entity13425 @entity3 (NSM) is common in @entity418 , even with different lymph node classification criteria. The prognostic impact of NSM in @entity418 has been unclear. Some studies found no impact on survival and others found a positive impact. This research was to further investigate the incidence of NSM in @entity1 with @entity1721 (ESCC), and assess its prognostic value in thoracic ESCC. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 340 consecutive @entity1 with solitary lymph node @entity3 who underwent esophagectomy with three-field lymph node dissection for ESCC at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2005 to December 2013. The survivals of the @entity1 with NSM or adjacent node @entity3 were compared. RESULTS: There were 216 @entity1 with NSM, and 124 @entity1 with adjacent node @entity3 . The incidence of NSM in this cohort was 63.5%. No significant difference was found between the @entity1 with NSM and the @entity1 with adjacent node @entity3 in age, sex, @entity5 location, pathologic T stage, histologic grade, @entity5 length, and the number of resected lymph nodes (all p  >  0.05). @entity1 with NSM had 5-year cumulative survival of 29.2%, which was significantly worse than the 45.6% survival in those with adjacent node @entity3 (p  <  0.05). CONCLUSION: In conclusion, NSM is associated with a relatively poor prognosis in thoracic ESCC.

title: Nodal XXXX @entity3 is associated with a relatively poor prognosis in @entity1721 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1721 :: ('MESH:C562729', 'Disease') :: ['thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity418 :: ('MESH:D004938', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity13425 :: (22938,Gene) :: ['skip']


abstract: A 20-yr-old female with @entity38874 was studied, with the following findings: (1) Serum insulin levels increased after both oral @entity413 and intravenous @entity369 administration; there was no @entity2124 response to the latter. (2) The infusion of insulin (0.1 units and 0.5 units/kg) during the fed state and following at 110-hr fast produced only minimal changes of various fuels measured, with the exception of a decrease in the branched-chain @entity1522 . (3) There was a minimal production of @entity16623 during the 110-hr fast. (4) Matabolic expenditure was markedly increased during the postabsorptive state (65-75 kcal/hr/sg m); it fell into the normal range during the 110-hr fast (31-35 kcal/hr/sq m). (5) Following meals, the @entity1 experienced complaints ranging from cold and shivering to feeling hot with gross diaphoresis. These findings were associated with intermittent lability of her skin temperature, which varied 1 degree - 2 degrees F during a 3-hr period. (6) Progressive increases in doses of regular insulin before each meal resulted in up to a total of 9000 units/day being required before normal blood @entity413 levels were achieved. (7) A 2-wk therapeutic trial of @entity1766 provided no significant changes in a variety of hormones and fuels in the basal state or following insulin perturbations. (8) A variety of pituitary hormones and pituitary target organ hormones were studied in both the @entity1375 ( @entity2621 ) and euthyroid state (following thyroid replacement). All the hormone responses were normal except that @entity2124 did not rise during the slow wave sleep in either thyroid state.

title: Metabolic and endocrine studies in a case of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1766 :: ('MESH:D010868', 'Chemical') :: ['pimozide']

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity1375 :: ('MESH:D007037', 'Disease') :: ['hypothyroid']

entities_list: @entity2621 :: ('MESH:D050031', 'Disease') :: ["Hashimoto's thyroiditis"]

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity369 :: ('CHEBI:29016', 'Chemical') :: ['arginine']

entities_list: @entity38874 :: ('MESH:D003923', 'Disease') :: ['congenital lipoatrophic diabetes']

answer: @entity38874 :: (MESH:D003923,Disease) :: ['lipoatrophic diabetes']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy and @entity137 of @entity1205 -based chemotherapy, and to investigate pretreatment factors that can predict @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) in @entity1 with @entity263 ( @entity263 ). METHODS: From June 2005 to July 2010, 70 @entity1 with @entity263 underwent @entity1205 -based chemotherapy at Wakayama Medical University and related hospitals. @entity1205 was given at a dose of 70 mg/m(2) once every 3 weeks or 35 mg/m(2) twice every 3 weeks. Oral @entity12749 560 mg was given concurrently for five consecutive days during weeks 1 and 2 of each cycle, and @entity617 10 mg was given every day. @entity619 8 mg was premedicated intravenously before @entity1205 administration. RESULT: The @entity1 received a median of four cycles of treatment (range 1-31). In the serum @entity1486 response, 13 (18.6%) @entity1 achieved a complete response and 29 (41.4%) achieved a partial response. Median @entity1349 and time to progression were 14 months and 6 months, respectively. Median follow-up period was 9.5 months. Two independent pretreatment risk factors that predicted @entity1349 were visceral @entity3 including lymph node @entity3 and @entity417 . Grade 3/4 @entity1398 and @entity417 occurred in 25.7 and 8.6% of the @entity1 , respectively. Four treatment-related @entity204 were seen during the observation period. CONCLUSION: The combination of @entity1205 , @entity12749 and @entity617 was effective in Japanese @entity1 with @entity263 ; however, this combination therapy should be carefully indicated to elderly and/or poor performance @entity159 @entity1 due to its @entity137 . Visceral @entity3 and @entity417 were identified as independent risk factors which could predict @entity1349 .

title: @entity1205 in combination with @entity12749 and XXXX for @entity263 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity12749 :: ('MESH:D004961', 'Chemical') :: ['estramustine']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['castration-resistant prostate cancer', 'CRPC']

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['Dexamethasone']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity617 :: ('MESH:D011239', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisolone']

entities_list: @entity1486 :: ('354', 'Gene') :: ['prostate-specific antigen']

entities_list: @entity1205 :: ('MESH:C067311', 'Chemical') :: ['docetaxel', 'Docetaxel']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity617 :: (MESH:D011239,Chemical) :: ['prednisolone']


abstract: Inverse ocular bobbing (IOB) is an uncommon @entity2358 . Its characteristics are @entity1319 with rapid upward return, a nadir at the extreme of downgaze position and @entity1319 . We present a case of IOB associated with @entity999 and @entity2010 . A 69 year-old right-handed @entity1 was admitted because of a consciousness disturbance. She had been well until November 10, 1983, when she was found dysarthric and left hemiplegic. On admission, she was stuporous. There were conjugate deviation to the right, central @entity3541 , left @entity1158 with @entity508 , @entity1054 . A CT scan performed on November 11 showed extensive hypodense area in the region supplied by the right middle cerebral artery. A right carotid angiography revealed @entity432 in the top of the right internal carotid artery with poor collateral circulation. After admission, the level of consciousness gradually deteriorated and became @entity772 on November 18, when the following @entity2358 were observed. Following spontaneous @entity1319 , both eyes deviated downward slowly from midposition, taking 1 to 2 seconds to reach the nadir. The eyes then remained in the position for 1 to 15 seconds, followed by a rapid return to the midposition. These @entity2358 are compatible with inverse ocular bobbing (IOB) described by Knobler. Electronystagmography detected typical IOB and spontaneous upward nystagmus. There was no evidence of @entity519 when these @entity2358 were present.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Inverse ocular bobbing associated with @entity999 and XXXX --a case report].

entities_list: @entity1158 :: ('MESH:D006429', 'Disease') :: ['hemiplegia']

entities_list: @entity2358 :: ('MESH:D020820', 'Disease') :: ['abnormal eye movements', 'abnormal eye movement']

entities_list: @entity508 :: ('MESH:D009128', 'Disease') :: ['spasticity']

entities_list: @entity999 :: ('MESH:D020766', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral embolism']

entities_list: @entity772 :: ('MESH:D003128', 'Disease') :: ['comatose']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['multiple occlusions']

entities_list: @entity3541 :: ('MESH:D005158', 'Disease') :: ['left facial and hypoglossal palsy']

entities_list: @entity1054 :: ('MESH:D000377', 'Disease') :: ['left hyperreflexia with positive pathologic reflex and anosognosia']

entities_list: @entity1319 :: ('MESH:D015835', 'Disease') :: ['horizontal roving eye movement', 'slow downward eye movement']

entities_list: @entity2010 :: ('MESH:D003919', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes insipidus']

answer: @entity2010 :: (MESH:D003919,Disease) :: ['diabetes insipidus']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Tissue destruction in @entity309 ( @entity309 ) is predominantly mediated by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), thereby generating protein fragments. Previous studies have revealed that these fragments include MMP-mediated collagen type I, II, and III degradation, citrullinated and MMP-degraded vimentin and MMP degraded C-reactive protein. We evaluated if biomarkers measuring serum levels of specific sequences of the mentioned fragments would provide further information of diagnostic and/or prognostic processes in early @entity625 . METHODS: Ninety-two early @entity625 @entity1 ( @entity625 duration<1 year, DMARD na  ve) were enrolled. @entity1 either fulfilled the ACR/EULAR2010 criteria for @entity309 (n = 60) or had unclassified @entity625 (UA) (n = 32). @entity1 fulfilling the @entity309 criteria after 2 years follow-up were classified into non-erosive (n = 25), or @entity66 (n = 13). Concentrations of the biomarkers: C1M, C2M, C3M, VICM and @entity35066 were measured in baseline serum. RESULTS: C1M, C3M and @entity35066 were able to discriminate between the UA and @entity309 baseline diagnosis in 92 @entity1 with an AUROC of 0.64 (95%CI 0.517 to 0.762), 0.73 (95%CI 0.622 to 0.838) and 0.68 (95%CI 0.570 to 0.795). C2M showed a potential for discrimination between @entity2681 in 38 @entity1 with an AUROC of 0.75 (95%CI 0.597 to 0.910). All of the applied biomarkers correlated with one or more of the disease activity parameters: DAS28, ESR, CRP, SJC66, TJC68 and/or HAQ. CONCLUSION: This is the first study evaluating the applied biomarkers at this early stage of @entity625 . C1M, C3M, @entity35066 might be the best diagnostic marker, whereas high levels of C2M indicated progression of disease at follow-up in early @entity309 @entity1 .

title: Neo-Epitopes-Fragments of Cartilage and Connective Tissue Degradation in Early @entity309 and Unclassified XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['erosive disease']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['arthritis']

entities_list: @entity2681 :: ('MESH:D014077', 'Disease') :: ['non-erosive and erosive disease']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA']

answer: @entity625 :: (MESH:D001168,Disease) :: ['Arthritis']


abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of peripheral dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (pDXA) measurement of the forearm to predict low axial @entity79 ( @entity79 ) as defined according to the WHO classification. Two hundred and thirty-four healthy @entity1 aged 45-60 years were investigated. @entity79 was measured at the proximal and distal radius + ulna by pDXA and at the lumbar spine and femoral neck by DXA. There was a significant but moderate correlation between peripheral and axial @entity79 measurements, with r values ranging from 0.4 to 0.6 (SEE: 13.5-17%). The cutoff values for the proximal and distal radius @entity79 that allow the identification with 95% sensitivity of postmenopausal @entity1 with either a lumbar spine or femoral neck T-score < -1, corresponded to a T-score of +0.5 (proximal radius) and +1 (distal radius). More than 90% of the whole population had a peripheral T-score below these thresholds. Using an axial T-score < or = -2.5 as the @entity854 reduced to 48% (proximal radius) to 66% (distal radius) the number of @entity1 who would have required DXA axial measurements (i.e., with a pDXA T-score below the cutoff value of -0.7). Of the 33 @entity1 (14%) with a proximal radius T-score < or = -2.5 ( @entity170 ), only 1 had a lumbar spine and femoral neck T-score > or = -1 (normal). Conversely, of the 50% (proximal radius) to 65% (distal radius) of the @entity1 with normal forearm measurement, 5% (proximal radius) to 9% (distal radius) were found to be @entity3604 and an additional 57% (proximal radius) to 59% (distal radius) could be classified as osteopenic (T-score between -1 and -2.5) at either the lumbar spine or femoral neck. In conclusion, use of pDXA forearm measurement as a prescreening tool in early postmenopausal @entity1 should allow the direct identification of about 50% of the @entity1 with no axial @entity170 . However, this study highlights the difficulties in using a unique T-score that could be applied to different sites to diagnose @entity170 .

title: Ability of peripheral DXA measurements of the forearm to predict low axial XXXX at menopause.

entities_list: @entity3604 :: ('MESH:D058866', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporotic']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone mineral density', 'BMD']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['definition of abnormality']

answer: @entity79 :: (MESH:D001847,Disease) :: ['bone mineral density']