abstract: AIMS: Bone marrow stem cell (BMSC) treatment of @entity583 ( @entity583 ) has been primarily via the intracoronary route or via endogenous mobilization using @entity1261 ( @entity1261 ). Studies have provided conflicting results. We therefore performed a meta-analysis of these treatments, examining short- and long-term efficacy and safety. METHODS AND RESULTS: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of BMSC-based therapy for @entity583 , delivered within 9 days of reperfusion, were identified by systematic search. Random effects models were used to calculate pooled effects of clinical outcomes, with meta-regression to assess dependence of the magnitude of effect sizes on study characteristics. Twenty-nine RCTs enrolling 1830 @entity1 were included. Intracoronary BMSC therapy resulted in an overall improvement in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of 2.70% [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.48-3.92; P < 0.001] in the short term and 3.31% (95% CI 1.87-4.75; P < 0.001) longer term. Meta-regression suggested a dose-response relationship between quantity of @entity2280 (+) cells delivered and increase in LVEF (P = 0.007). @entity1261 treatment resulted in a trend towards similar benefits (P = 0.20). No significant differences were observed in pooled adverse outcome rates between intervention and control groups of either treatment approach, except for lower revascularization rates with intracoronary BMSC vs. control (odds ratio 0.68, 95% CI 0.47-0.97; P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: Intracoronary BMSC therapy post- @entity583 improves LVEF beyond standard medical treatment, in both the short and longer term. @entity1261 treatment shows positive but non-significant trends. Both treatments demonstrate safety comparable with conventional medical treatment.

title: Short- and long-term outcomes of intracoronary and endogenously mobilized bone marrow stem cells in the treatment of XXXX : a meta-analysis of randomized control trials.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['STEMI', 'ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity1261 :: ('1440', 'Gene') :: ['G-CSF', 'granulocyte colony-stimulating factor']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the usefulness and safety of @entity6383 in @entity1 with decompensated, treatment-refractory noninsulin-dependent @entity6 . DESIGN: Prospective, randomized, placebo, double-blind 6-month trial. @entity1 : Thirty-eight @entity1 with noninsulin-dependent @entity6 resistant to commonly used therapies (oral drugs, insulin, combination of insulin and oral drugs). INTERVENTIONS: Two study groups: one received insulin (n = 22) and the other, @entity5217 (n = 16). In each group, half of the @entity1 were randomly allocated into two subgroups who continued the previous treatment but took either placebo tablets or @entity6383 , 200 mg three times a day. The four subgroups were as follows: insulin and placebo (n = 11); insulin and @entity6383 (n = 11); @entity5217 and placebo (n = 8); and @entity5217 and @entity6383 (n = 8). MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: At 6 months, relevant and statistically significant improvement occurred in the 11 @entity1 who received the insulin and @entity6383 ( @entity413 profile decrease, -11.7 mmol/L; 95% CI, -13.9 to -9.5, P = 0.001; glycated hemoglobin A1c decrease, -3.3%; 95% CI, -3.9 to -2.7, P = 0.001). No significant changes were seen in @entity1 on placebo. The daily insulin dose in @entity1 treated with the combined insulin and @entity6383 therapy had to be reduced an average of 30%. No important side effects were detected. CONCLUSIONS: Combining antidiabetic therapy with @entity6383 in decompensated, treatment-refractory @entity1 with noninsulin-dependent @entity6 may help to break the vicious circle of @entity4854 and lead to better management of the disease.

title: @entity6383 in decompensated, treatment-refractory noninsulin-dependent XXXX . A new job for an old drug?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes', 'diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity5217 :: ('MESH:D005905', 'Chemical') :: ['glibenclamide']

entities_list: @entity6383 :: ('MESH:D006886', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxychloroquine']

entities_list: @entity4854 :: ('MESH:D006943', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemia']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes mellitus']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: previously reported studies on @entity1252 in Senegal were more then ten years old and reported few cases of @entity1 . Our objectives were to update epidemiological, clinical, laboratory and evolutive aspects of @entity1252 throughout a study of 74 @entity1 . @entity1 AND METHODS: we conducted a retrospective study in the internal medicine and the dermatology units of the university teaching hospital Aristide Le Dantec from January 1993 to December 2002. All @entity1 with @entity1252 according to the ACR criteria were included. Those who didn't meet ACR criteria were excluded. RESULTS: we included 74 @entity1 ; their mean age was 32 years and the sex ratio 0.1 (male to female). At the entry general symptoms were constants, and cutaneous signs were found in 96% of cases, joints signs in 58.1% and renal sign in 56.8%. @entity1200 were nearly constant. All the @entity1 received corticosteroids and in 35.71% they had in addition immunosuppressive drugs. Shorts term evolution was satisfactory. At the medium term 27.02% of the @entity1 were lost and 10.81% of them died. CONCLUSION: currents aspects of @entity1252 in Dakar are improved by the early diagnosis when the disease is pauci-symptomatic and by the use immunosuppressive drugs in association with corticosteroids.

title: [Current aspects of XXXX in Dakar. About 74 cases].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PATIENTS', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1200 :: ('MESH:D007154', 'Disease') :: ['Haematological and immunologic abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity1252 :: ('MESH:D008180', 'Disease') :: ['systemic lupus erythematosus']

answer: @entity1252 :: (MESH:D008180,Disease) :: ['systemic lupus erythematosus']


abstract: PURPOSE: To review the effects of @entity1884 ( @entity1884 ) in the parturient and the anesthetic management of such @entity1 during pregnancy and delivery. SOURCE: A literature search (1966-2008) was performed using Medline and EMBASE databases. Bibliographies of retrieved articles were searched for additional sources. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: @entity1884 affects 1 in 5000-8000 @entity1 . It is a @entity74 in which @entity455 affects many organs particularly the pulmonary, cerebral, gastrointestinal, and spinal vasculature. A large proportion of @entity1 with @entity1884 have uneventful pregnancies. However, @entity1 can present in pregnancy with clinically silent but potentially life-threatening features of the disorder including fatal @entity548 from @entity7026 (AVMs), @entity5691 cardiac failure secondary to arteriovenous shunting. Literature on the anesthetic management of @entity1884 in pregnancy is limited. Both general and regional anesthetic techniques have been successfully performed in these @entity1 , but are reliant on identifying the presence of specific AVMs; avoidance of cardiovascular instability; and prophylaxis against systemic emboli secondary to pulmonary @entity7026 shunting. The presence of spinal AVMs is considered a relative contraindication to regional techniques. As with other systemic AVMs, these can develop and increase in size during pregnancy with implications for the timing of screening and surveillance. CONCLUSIONS: An understanding of the presence and potential development of life-threatening AVMs during pregnancy is imperative for anesthesiologists caring for parturients with @entity1884 . Even in the asymptomatic @entity1 , a high index of suspicion should be maintained, screening performed where possible and anesthetic technique adapted accordingly.

title: Anesthetic implications for the parturient with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'people']

entities_list: @entity7026 :: ('MESH:D002538', 'Disease') :: ['AVM', 'ruptured arteriovenous malformations']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity5691 :: ('MESH:D016534', 'Disease') :: ['systemic emboli, and high output']

entities_list: @entity1884 :: ('MESH:D013683', 'Disease') :: ['hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia', 'HHT', 'Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['genetic condition']

answer: @entity1884 :: (MESH:D013683,Disease) :: ['hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia']


abstract: OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: @entity1 who develop recurrence of @entity5 after radiotherapy organ preservation protocols are offered salvage laryngectomy, often with bilateral neck dissection. However, there can be multiple complications of neck dissection in the previously irradiated neck, including poor wound healing and increased potential for @entity292 . Positron-emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) may have the ability to spare some of these @entity1 from the morbidity of unnecessary neck dissections if it can reliably exclude recurrent @entity66 . The purpose of our study was to determine whether preoperative PET/CT could correctly predict the pathologic status of the neck in @entity1 with locally recurrent @entity5 and clinically N0 neck. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective review. METHODS: A review of our @entity135 registry revealed 269 @entity1 with recurrence of @entity5 from 1975 to 2010. Out of this pool, we identified 15 @entity1 who had PET/CT scans prior to neck dissections for recurrent @entity5 . RESULTS: Five @entity1 with pathologically negative neck had accurate PET/CT reads (100% specificity) prior to surgery. Similarly, seven @entity1 who had a PET/CT read positive for @entity3799 had pathologically positive nodes (100% positive predictive value). However, three @entity1 with clinically N0 neck who had PET/CT reads that were negative had positive nodal pathology, giving a sensitivity of 70% and a 62.5% negative predictive value. CONCLUSIONS: We believe that this false negative rate is too high to warrant deferring neck dissection based on PET/CT, and we recommend that @entity1 who are clinically N0 for recurrent @entity5 be offered neck dissection along with salvage laryngectomy.

title: Utility of positron-emission tomography/computed tomography imaging in the management of the neck in recurrent XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck tumor']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['nodal disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['laryngeal cancer']

entities_list: @entity3799 :: ('MESH:D002575', 'Disease') :: ['cervical disease']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['laryngeal cancer']


abstract: @entity13187 ( @entity13187 ) is a rare disease that is mostly reported in @entity1 with @entity740 ( @entity740 ) who have received @entity2287 as a contrast in imaging techniques. The exact pathogenetic role of @entity177 or @entity2287 is not known. The aim of this study is to show whether mild-to-moderate @entity177 is a risk for @entity13187 as it is described in severe @entity177 . In this cross-sectional study, we enrolled 164 patients with serum @entity1011 levels >1.5 mg/dL who were in different stages of @entity740 and had received @entity2287 ( @entity27307 ). The average lag time between the @entity2287 administration and the study was 4 months. The most prevalent skin symptom was itching (19%) and the least frequent was induration and papules (<1%). At the follow-up, all @entity272 were relieved. No @entity1 had characteristic lesions of @entity13187 . Twenty-five percent of @entity1 had @entity810 at the time of @entity2287 exposure. No @entity1 had @entity409 and only five were receiving erythropoietin. None of our @entity1 were taking immunosuppressive agents, but all of them suffered from @entity65 . We conclude that in @entity1 with mild-to-moderate @entity177 , it seems that @entity2287 is associated with no or very low risk for @entity13187 . We did not find any @entity13187 in @entity1 with severe @entity177 . However, because of the rarity of @entity13187 , the low number of such @entity1 in the study, and the high mortality, the use of @entity2287 in these @entity1 should be avoided.

title: Safety of older generations of XXXX in mild-to-moderate @entity177 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity13187 :: ('MESH:D054989', 'Disease') :: ['Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis', 'NSF']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver disease']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['CKD', 'chronic kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity27307 :: ('CHEBI:35778', 'Chemical') :: ['gadopentetate']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['acute kidney injury']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin lesions']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity2287 :: ('MESH:D005682', 'Chemical') :: ['gadolinium']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular diseases']

answer: @entity2287 :: (MESH:D005682,Chemical) :: ['gadolinium']


abstract: Genes coding for human antibody Fab fragments specific for @entity2330 were cloned and expressed in @entity526 . Lymphocytes were separated from the peripheral blood of a @entity1 with an @entity9111 . Poly(A)+ RNA was isolated from the lymphocytes, and then genes coding for the light chain and Fd region of the heavy chain were amplified by a reverse transcriptase PCR. The amplified DNA fragments were ligated with a plasmid vector and were introduced into @entity526 . Three thousand colonies were screened for the production of antibodies to @entity23466 by an indirect fluorescence-antibody (IFA) test. Lysates from five @entity526 clones were positive. Analysis of the DNA sequences of the five clones showed that three of the five heavy-chain sequences and four of the five light-chain sequences differed from each other. When the reactivities of the @entity526 lysates to nine reference strains of @entity2330 were examined by the IFA test, three Fab fragments with different DNA sequences were found to react with all nine strains and another Fab fragment was found to react with seven strains. None of the four human monoclonal antibody Fab fragments reacted with @entity22390 reference strains or with other @entity12354 . These results indicate that the bacterial expression system reported here is effective for the production of human monoclonal antibodies specific for @entity2330 . The recombinant human monoclonal antibody Fab fragments may be applicable for distinguishing @entity2330 from @entity22390 and for use in the serodiagnosis of @entity8016 .

title: Preparation of recombinant human monoclonal antibody Fab fragments specific for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity23466 :: ('294381', 'Species') :: ['E. histolytica HM-1:IMSS']

entities_list: @entity22390 :: ('46681', 'Species') :: ['Entamoeba dispar', 'E. dispar']

entities_list: @entity2330 :: ('5759', 'Species') :: ['E. histolytica', 'Entamoeba histolytica']

entities_list: @entity9111 :: ('MESH:D008101', 'Disease') :: ['amebic liver abscess']

entities_list: @entity8016 :: ('MESH:D000562', 'Disease') :: ['amebiasis']

entities_list: @entity12354 :: ('MESH:D011528', 'Disease') :: ['enteric protozoan parasites']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

answer: @entity2330 :: (5759,Species) :: ['Entamoeba histolytica']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity150 is one of the most common @entity5 affecting @entity1 and @entity1 and thus has a profound impact on health care. The majority of @entity1 (75%) with newly diagnosed @entity5 have non-muscle invasive disease confined to the @entity1494 . METHODS: The authors review the literature as well as recently published clinical guidelines regarding the @entity150 risk and causative factors, diagnostic and pathologic evaluation, prognostic variables, and management strategies for @entity1 with non-muscle invasive @entity150 . RESULTS: Recurrence and progression remain problematic for many @entity1 and are dependent on multiple clinical and pathological features, the most important of which are @entity5 stage, grade, multifocality, size, recurrence patterns, and the association with @entity189 in situ. Accurate assessment of clinical stage and @entity5 grade is critical in determining management and surveillance strategies. Intravesical therapies positively influence @entity5 recurrence rates. Disease progression rates may be impacted in high-risk @entity1 who receive both induction bacille Calmette-Gu  rin (BCG) and a maintenance BCG regimen. Cystectomy still plays a pivotal role in @entity1 with high-risk @entity5 and in @entity1 who fail more conservative attempts to eradicate non-muscle invasive disease. CONCLUSIONS: Non-muscle invasive @entity150 represent a broad group of @entity5 with varying biologic potential. Successful treatment depends on the careful integration of diagnostic and surveillance tests, macroablation through transurethral resection, accurate assessment of clinical stage, and the timely and appropriate delivery of intravesical chemotherapeutic and immunomodulatory agents.

title: XXXX : a review of non-muscle invasive disease.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bladder mucosa or the lamina propria']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancers', 'urothelial tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['Bladder cancer', 'bladder cancers', 'bladder cancer']

answer: @entity150 :: (MESH:D001749,Disease) :: ['Bladder cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: This study examined the relationship between coping style and understanding of @entity6 self-care among African American and white elders in a southern Medicare-managed care plan. METHODS: @entity1 were identified through a @entity6 -related pharmacy claim or ICD-9 code and completed a computer-assisted telephone survey in 2006-2007. Understanding of @entity6 self-care was assessed using the @entity6 Care Profile Understanding (DCP-U) scale. Coping styles were classified as active (talk about it/take action) or passive (keep it to yourself). Linear regression was used to estimate the associations between coping style with the DCP-U, adjusting for age, sex, education, and comorbidities. Based on the conceptual model, 4 separate categories were established for African American and white @entity1 who displayed active and passive coping styles. RESULTS: Of 1420 @entity1 , the mean age was 73 years, 46% were African American, and 63% were female. Most respondents (77%) exhibited active coping in response to unfair treatment. For African American @entity1 in the study, active coping was associated with higher adjusted mean DCP-U scores when compared to @entity1 with a passive coping style. No difference in DCP-U score was noted among white @entity1 on the basis of coping style. CONCLUSIONS: Active coping was more strongly associated with understanding of @entity6 self-care among older African Americans than whites. Future research on coping styles may give new insights into reducing @entity6 among racial/ethnic minorities.

title: The relationship between coping styles in response to unfair treatment and understanding of XXXX self-care.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetes', 'diabetes', 'diabetes disparities']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) is widely used for the excision of both benign and @entity5 . It is relatively expensive and can be a challenging technique. A recent development in laparoscopic surgery is the single-port technique (single-incision laparoscopic surgery, SILS). The SILS port is a flexible multichannel port for transumbilical laparoscopic surgery. Even though not developed for transanal use the port could be ideal because of its shape and texture. METHODS: 12 @entity1 underwent transanal resection using an SILS port and normal laparoscopic instruments. RESULTS: 10 out of 12 @entity1 were treated successfully with the SILS port. Two @entity1127 were resected using an open transanal technique because the distance between the SILS port and the polyp was too small. The average operative time was 55 min (range 40-80 min). All @entity1 could be discharged on the first postoperative day. There were no major complications. CONCLUSION: Our current data show that transanal surgery using a single port is a relatively easy procedure with operative times comparable to TEM. More surgeons will therefore be able to perform transanal endoscopic surgery.

title: Transanal single-port surgery for the resection of large XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant rectal tumours']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity1127 :: (MESH:D011127,Disease) :: ['polyps']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A concern with using @entity1011 for the identification of drug-induced @entity8 is that small changes in serum @entity1011 (SCr) that frequently are perceived as measurement bias or imprecision translate into important changes in the glomerular filtration rate. Important drug-generated changes in @entity1011 are difficult to detect because they are frequently observed within the reference interval. The design of a crossover drug protocol is an opportunity to use study @entity1 as their own control to identify these small but important changes. METHODS: Twenty individuals participating in a phase I clinical trial were evaluated for SCr changes beyond those expected for biological variation according to individual Z scores derived from an adaptive Bayesian model. After 2 screening tests, @entity1 were administered either drug (n = 11) or placebo (n = 9) during the first dosing interval. A washout period followed, and drug was then administered to the group that initially received placebo, and vice versa (10 visits total per @entity1 ). RESULTS: Although all @entity1011 values fell within the reference interval, 8 @entity1 individually showed increased concentrations (Z scores >2.33). These 8 @entity1 were confirmed at unblinding to have received the drug in the identified dosing period, with 1 exception. CONCLUSIONS: The ability to identify a drug effect on an individual- @entity1 basis in early-phase studies permits drug developers to recognize issues early in development and rapidly engage in risk-benefit analysis. These results suggest that SCr monitoring is able to detect early @entity8 when individual-based reference intervals are used.

title: Adaptive Bayesian analysis of serum XXXX as a marker for drug-induced @entity8 in an early-phase clinical trial.

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'participant']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['kidney dysfunction', 'renal impairment']

answer: @entity1011 :: (MESH:D003404,Chemical) :: ['creatinine']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIM: The clinical significance of @entity356 is unknown. We conducted a case-control study in order to evaluate whether @entity356 is an indicator of advanced @entity4726 and @entity1944 . MATERIAL AND METHOD: The study was conducted among 1400 @entity1 who underwent elective upper endoscopy. @entity1 with @entity356 and @entity194 and/or @entity1944 constituted the study group (n  =  55). The control group involved @entity1 with only @entity4726 (n  =  50). Histopathologic findings of the groups including the distribution of @entity4726 , operative link on @entity3621 assessment score, operative link on @entity3621 @entity1944 assessment (OLGIM) score, and presence of @entity1141 and @entity5 were compared. Subgroup analysis was performed in order to establish the relation between the characteristics (size, number, and localization) of xanthelasmas, @entity194 , and @entity1944 . RESULTS: Multifocal @entity4726 was significantly more common in @entity1 with a @entity356 (41.8 vs. 26.0  %, p  =  0.03). @entity1 with @entity156 had a significantly higher rate of @entity1944 (p  =  0.02) and a higher OLGIM score (p  =  0.02) compared to those with a single xanthelasma. @entity1141 was detected in 8 (14.5  %) @entity1 with a xanthelasma and 4 (8.0  %) @entity1 without a xanthelasma (p  =  0.2). CONCLUSION: @entity356 (s) is a warning endoscopic sign for the presence of multifocal @entity4726 and advanced @entity1944 .

title: Is Gastric Xanthelasma an Alarming Endoscopic Marker for Advanced @entity4726 and XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1944 :: ('MESH:D007410', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal metaplasia']

entities_list: @entity4726 :: ('MESH:D005757', 'Disease') :: ['atrophic gastritis and/or intestinal metaplasia', 'atrophic gastritis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy']

entities_list: @entity156 :: ('MESH:D000015', 'Disease') :: ['multiple xanthelasmas']

entities_list: @entity3621 :: ('MESH:D005756', 'Disease') :: ['gastritis']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric xanthelasma', 'gastric xanthelasmas', 'Gastric xanthelasma']

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['dysplasia', 'Dysplasia']

answer: @entity1944 :: (MESH:D007410,Disease) :: ['Intestinal Metaplasia']


abstract: To reduce the sequelae of craniospinal irradiation (CSI) in @entity1 under 10 (>= 3) years old and to improve the prognosis for high-risk @entity2946 in adolescents, we adjusted postoperative chemotherapy and CSI doses to @entity1 ' stage and age. From 1986 to 1995, 73 @entity1 entered the study. @entity1 under 10 and adolescents with @entity3 , @entity66 ( @entity66 ) or stage >T3 received postoperative IV @entity1891 and @entity2101 ( @entity2101 )    intrathecal (IT) @entity1499 , while standard-risk adolescents were given IV @entity1891 and IT @entity1499 . Chemotherapy was followed by CSI (19.8 Gy for @entity1 <10; 36 Gy for adolescents), with a 54-Gy posterior fossa boost. Maintenance chemotherapy with @entity11770 and @entity1891 was administered for a year afterwards. A total of 39 @entity1 were under 10 of whom 20 had @entity3 . Response to chemotherapy was recorded in 70%, but 5-year EFS and @entity3012 were only 48 and 56%, respectively. Results were significantly worse for metastatic cases, @entity1 under 10, those with @entity66 , and those staged without MRI (unavailable early in the study). Efforts to preserve survivors' quality of life did not pay off, and most @entity1 over 30 still depended on their parents' income and had severe @entity73 . In conclusion, despite a very high response rate with this preradiation @entity2101 @entity1499 schedule, the outcome for high-risk @entity2946 @entity1 did not improve (especially when lower CSI doses were used) and @entity1 still developed severe morbidities.

title: Long-term results of combined preradiation chemotherapy and age-tailored radiotherapy doses for childhood XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['residual disease', 'RD']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive/endocrine disabilities']

entities_list: @entity11770 :: ('MESH:D008130', 'Chemical') :: ['lomustine']

entities_list: @entity1891 :: ('MESH:D014750', 'Chemical') :: ['vincristine']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

entities_list: @entity2946 :: ('MESH:D008527', 'Disease') :: ['medulloblastoma']

answer: @entity2946 :: (MESH:D008527,Disease) :: ['medulloblastoma']


abstract: We hypothesized that treatment of @entity888 ( @entity7865 ) effects with a mixture of 2 high affinity anti- @entity7865 monoclonal antibodies (mAb) with differing molecular recognition for @entity7865 -like structures could increase efficacy compared to treatment with a single mAb. The antibodies studied were mAb7F9 ( @entity7865 and @entity4944 [ @entity8582 ] KD = 7.7 and 270  nM) and mAb4G9 (16  nM and 110  nM, respectively) in a 50:50 mixture. Adult male Sprague Dawley Rats were treated with iv saline or a loading dose of mAb7F9-mAb4G9 (141  mg/kg of each mAb) followed by 2  weekly doses (70.5  mg/kg total) on days 7 and 14. @entity7865 challenge doses (0.56  mg/kg) were administered 4  hrs and 3  days after each mAb7F9-mAb4G9 treatment, and 7  days after the final treatment (day 21). Locomotor activity (0-4  hrs) and serum @entity7865 and @entity8582 concentrations (at 5  hrs) were measured after each @entity7865 challenge. MAb7F9-mAb4G9 treatment significantly reduced the duration of locomotor activity after 6 of the 7 @entity7865 doses (P < 0.05) and significantly increased serum @entity7865 and @entity8582 concentrations. Administering three-fold higher @entity7865 doses (1.68  mg/kg) on days 24 and 28 showed mAb7F9-mAb4G9 treatment had negligible effects on the duration of @entity7865 -induced locomotor activity. These data were then compared to previous monotherapy data. While mAb7F9-mAb4G9 therapy inhibited the effects of multiple @entity7865 challenge doses, the inhibition was not as profound or as long lasting as the effects of mAb7F9 treatment alone. These data demonstrate the importance of both mAb affinity and specificity in the production of effective, long-lasting anti- @entity7865 mAb therapies.

title: Chronic treatment of XXXX -induced locomotor effects in rats using one or a combination of two high affinity anti- @entity888 monoclonal antibodies.

entities_list: @entity4944 :: ('MESH:D000661', 'Chemical') :: ['amphetamine']

entities_list: @entity888 :: ('MESH:D008694', 'Chemical') :: ['methamphetamine']

answer: @entity888 :: (MESH:D008694,Chemical) :: ['(+)-methamphetamine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Self-expanding microstents are typically placed before a wide-necked @entity439 is filled with coils. Alternatively, the stent may be placed at the end of the procedure, when the coil mass blocks or slows down the flow in the parent artery or a branching vessel. @entity1 AND METHODS: Between March 2007 and 2009, 20 @entity439 in 20 @entity1 were treated with a total of 21 Enterprise stents. Nine @entity439 had reopened after coiling, eleven @entity439 were primarily treated, seven after acute @entity510 . Eight @entity439 were primarily filled with coils and the stent was placed when the flow in the parent or a branching artery was blocked or slowed down. In four of these cases in which secondary stenting was considered an option in advance, the "artery at risk" was initially catheterized with a microcatheter. RESULTS: Stent placement was successful in 19 @entity439 . In a @entity439 , Y-like stent placement through a Neuroform stent failed. With secondary stent placement (n = 8), all affected vessels could be safely reopened. None of these @entity1 suffered from transient or permanent @entity51 . Using the jailing technique, it was possible to place two parallel stents in the internal carotid artery and posterior cerebral artery (PCA) in a reopened wide-necked @entity438 . CONCLUSION: Apart from the primary use of the Enterprise stent in wide-necked @entity439 secondary stenting after coiling is a feasible technique to reopen occluded parent or branching arteries. Initial microcatheter placement in the artery which is at risk to get occluded when filling the @entity439 is a valuable option.

title: The enterprise stent for the treatment of XXXX : stenting strategies.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['subarachnoid hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurologic deficits']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms', 'reopened basilar tip aneurysm', 'aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['PCA aneurysm']

answer: @entity438 :: (MESH:D002532,Disease) :: ['intracranial aneurysms']


abstract: This study evaluated the effects of a @entity4770 analogue (aPGI2), @entity224 dismutase (SOD), and @entity12609 (CAT) on @entity99 after warm @entity63 and reperfusion in terms of survival, mitochondrial function, serum enzymes, and histology. @entity99 was created in @entity35 by clamping the hepatoduodenal ligament for 90 min with splenofemoral bypass. Reperfusion was induced by unclamping the vessels and disconnecting the splenofemoral bypass. Then aPGI2 (350 ng/kg/min) was infused for 60 min just before @entity99 , and SOD and CAT (5,000 units/kg each) were administered immediately before the start of reperfusion. Serum enzyme and mitochondrial function assessments of livers were made just after @entity63 , and after 2 hr of reperfusion. Survival rate was also assessed in a separate group of @entity35 . Liver enzymes such as SGOT, SGPT, and LDH showed no correlation to liver viability. The administration of aPGI2 alone showed no effect on ischemically injured mitochondria; however, the free radical scavengers (SOD, CAT), in combination with aPGI2, showed significant improvement of mitochondrial function together with extension of survival. The ultrastructure of hepatocytes was better preserved in the treated groups. These agents improved the viability of ischemic-reperfused injured livers.

title: Effects of @entity4770 , @entity224 dismutase, and XXXX on @entity63 -reperfusion injury in liver transplantation.

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['Hepatic ischemia', 'hepatic injury', 'hepatic ischemia']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity4770 :: ('MESH:D011464', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandin I2']

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide']

answer: @entity12609 :: (24248(Tax:10116),Gene) :: ['catalase']


abstract: BACKGROUND: fifteen percent of @entity1 with @entity30 ( @entity30 ) are elderly; they are less likely to have complications and more likely to have @entity1049 . OBJECTIVE: to compare disease behaviour in @entity1 with @entity30 based on age at diagnosis. DESIGN: cross-sectional study. SETTING: tertiary referral centre. SUBJECTS: @entity1 with confirmed @entity30 . METHODS: behaviour was characterised according to the Montreal classification. @entity1 with either stricturing or penetrating disease were classified as having complicated disease. Age at diagnosis was categorised as <17, 17-40, 41-59 and >= 60 years. Logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the association between advanced age >= 60 and complicated disease. RESULTS: a total of 467 @entity1 were evaluated between 2004 and 2010. Increasing age of diagnosis was negatively associated with complicated disease and positively associated with @entity1049 . As age of diagnosis increased, disease duration (P < 0.001), family history of @entity29 ( @entity29 ) (P = 0.015) and perianal disease decreased (P < 0.0015). After adjustment for confounding variables, the association between age at diagnosis and complicated disease was no longer significant (OR: 0.60, 95% CI: 0.21-1.65). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 diagnosed with @entity30 >= 60 were more likely to have @entity1049 and non-complicated disease. However, the association between age at diagnosis and complicated disease did not persist after adjustment for confounding variables.

title: Association of age at diagnosis and XXXX phenotype.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['Inflammatory bowel disease', 'IBD']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ['CD', "Crohn's disease"]

entities_list: @entity1049 :: ('MESH:D003108', 'Disease') :: ['colonic disease']

answer: @entity30 :: (MESH:D003424,Disease) :: ['Crohn's disease']


abstract: The @entity3085 ( @entity3085 ) is common and important implication of @entity5 . It occurs in 30% to 80% @entity5 @entity1 . At the time of diagnosis of @entity2 @entity3085 is not yet very important problem, but the @entity353 increases with progression of the @entity5 . @entity3085 is characterized by @entity448 , @entity353 , @entity425 , @entity1200 . Weight loss is a potent stimulus to food intake in normal @entity1 . The persistence of @entity448 in @entity5 @entity1 , therefore, implies a failure of this adaptive feeding response. The @entity353 in @entity1 with @entity3085 differs from that in simple @entity1278 . Most research effort has focused on the role of cytokines as mediators of @entity3085 . The role of @entity310 , @entity1192 and @entity650 in @entity3085 development has been evaluated and confirmed in many research, but some investigators suggest that the changes in cytokines' levels could be the result rather than the cause of @entity3085 . A few of the latest studies concentrate on the role of nuclear factor kappa B and prevention of @entity3085 by its inhibitors. @entity3085 is an independent predictor of shorter survival and increases the risk of treatment failure and @entity137 .

title: [The incidence and pathogenesis of XXXX in @entity2 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity3085 :: ('MESH:D002100', 'Disease') :: ['cachexia-anorexia syndrome', 'CACS']

entities_list: @entity448 :: ('MESH:D000855', 'Disease') :: ['anorexia']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['weakness']

entities_list: @entity1278 :: ('MESH:D000856', 'Disease') :: ['starvation or anorexia nervosa']

entities_list: @entity1200 :: ('MESH:D007154', 'Disease') :: ['impaired immune system and metabolic dysfunction']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer anorexia-cachexia syndrome']


abstract: @entity31251 , a new @entity7646 antibiotic, was compared with @entity3397 in the treatment of @entity2506 in @entity95 . Animals were infected intracisternally with 10(4) colony-forming units of @entity328 @entity164 ( @entity31251 minimal inhibitory/bactericidal concentrations, 0.25/0.5 mug/ml; @entity3397 minimal inhibitory/bactericidal concentrations, 0.03/0.06 mug/ml). Treatment was instituted 96 h later. Infusion of @entity31251 at 25 mg/kg per h intravenously for 8 h produced a peak cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drug concentration of 1.54 mug/ml (range, 0.87-3.6 mug/ml). During this infusion the numbers of pneumococci in CSF decreased from 6.2 +/- 0.5 to 3.36 +/- 1.12 log(10) colony-forming units per ml. @entity3397 , infused at 30 mg/kg per h for 8 h, reached a similar concentration in CSF but caused a greater reduction (P < 0.01) in CSF bacteria, from 6.4 +/- 0.36 to 1.3 +/- 0.67 log(10) colony-forming units per ml. @entity3397 , at 100 mg/kg per day intramuscularly for 5 days, cured 7 of 10 @entity95 with @entity2506 . A higher dose, 300 mg/kg per day for 5 days, was no more efficacious: 11 of 14 @entity95 were cured. @entity31251 at 100 mg/kg per day intramuscularly for 5 days cured only 5 of 15 @entity95 with @entity693 , but a higher dosage regimen of that drug (250 mg/kg per day intramuscularly) produced acute, fulminant enterocecitis and @entity204 within 48 h in seven of eight @entity95 . No cytotoxin was detected in the feces of one @entity95 with acute enterocecitis. Thus the efficacy of @entity31251 in experimental @entity2506 , measured by bacterial clearance from CSF and by treatment outcome, was less than that of @entity3397 . In addition, high-dose parenteral @entity31251 caused acute, fulminant enterocecitis in a high proportion of treated @entity95 .

title: @entity31251 versus XXXX in experimental @entity2506 .

entities_list: @entity7646 :: ('CHEBI:25106', 'Chemical') :: ['macrolide']

entities_list: @entity2506 :: ('MESH:D008586', 'Disease') :: ['pneumococcal meningitis']

entities_list: @entity95 :: ('9986', 'Species') :: ['rabbits', 'rabbit']

entities_list: @entity31251 :: ('MESH:C060286', 'Chemical') :: ['Rosaramicin', 'rosaramicin']

entities_list: @entity693 :: ('MESH:D008581', 'Disease') :: ['meningitis']

entities_list: @entity3397 :: ('MESH:D010400', 'Chemical') :: ['Penicillin G', 'penicillin G']

entities_list: @entity328 :: ('1313', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus pneumoniae']

answer: @entity3397 :: (MESH:D010400,Chemical) :: ['penicillin G']


abstract: AIMS: The use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) alone in periodontal defects has been controversial and inconclusive. Hence, the present study was designed with the aim to assess the clinical and radiographic effectiveness of PRP alone in @entity154 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty @entity154 were treated with either autologous PRP with open flap debridement (OFD) or autologous PRP + demineralized freeze dried bone graft (DFDBA) with OFD or OFD alone. Clinical parameters recorded were gingival index, plaque index, @entity92 ( @entity92 ), clinical attachment level (CAL), and @entity1464 (REC). Radiographic parameters included @entity11885 , defect resolution, and crestal bone level. All the parameters were recorded at baseline and 12 months postoperatively. RESULTS: Mean @entity922 were greater in PRP + DFDBA (4.88    1.12 mm and 4.26    1.85 mm) and PRP (4.86    2.12 mm and 4.10    1.47 mm) groups than the control group (2.69    1.37 mm and 1.27    0.89 mm). CONCLUSIONS: Within the limits of the study, all the three groups showed significant improvement in clinical parameters from baseline to postoperative 12 months. The amount of @entity11885 and defect resolution treated with PRP alone group were significantly < PRP + DFDBA. The results pertaining to these parameters were significantly better than the control group.

title: Evaluation of platelet-rich plasma alone or in combination with demineralized freeze dried bone allograft in treatment of periodontal XXXX : A comparative clinical trial.

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['infrabony defects']

entities_list: @entity1464 :: ('MESH:D005889', 'Disease') :: ['gingival recession']

entities_list: @entity92 :: ('MESH:D007222', 'Disease') :: ['PD', 'probing depth']

entities_list: @entity922 :: ('MESH:D013568', 'Disease') :: ['PD reduction and CAL gain']

entities_list: @entity11885 :: ('MESH:C538225', 'Disease') :: ['defect depth reduction']

answer: @entity154 :: (MESH:D000013,Disease) :: ['infrabony defects']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: this paper describes the pilot study that was undertaken to test the feasibility of the recruitment plan designed to recruit @entity1 who booked to give birth in two freestanding midwifery units in NSW, Australia. The pilot preceded the full prospective cohort study, Evaluating Midwifery Units ( @entity6498 ), which aimed to examine the antenatal, birth and postnatal outcomes of @entity1 planning to give birth in freestanding midwifery units compared to those booked to give birth in tertiary level maternity units in Australia and New Zealand. DESIGN: a prospective cohort study with two mutually-exclusive cohorts. SETTING: two freestanding midwifery units in NSW and their corresponding tertiary referral hospitals. @entity1 : a total of 146 @entity1 with few identified risk factors recruited between 13 September 2009 and 31 March 2010 whose planned place of birth was either a freestanding midwifery unit or tertiary maternity unit. MEASUREMENTS AND FINDINGS: the pilot study identified the feasibility of relying on the booking midwife to recruit eligible @entity1 from several antenatal booking clinics to the study. Low rates of eligible @entity1 were invited resulting in a lower than expected consent rate. In addition, although mostly only low-risk @entity1 were invited to participate, some @entity1 requiring medical consultation at the time of booking were inadvertently recruited into the study. The results of this pilot study led us to revise the study protocol to find ways of including the outcomes of all @entity1 without identified risk factors who booked at either the freestanding midwifery units or the tertiary referral hospital in that area. This paper describes the revisions that were made to the study plan. KEY CONCLUSIONS: five lessons were learned from the pilot study. We found that recruitment protocols employed for the cohort study were too complicated and required simplification to maximise the potential of the study. The study protocol needed to be changed for the main study to ensure a larger sample size and to ensure the risk profile of each cohort was as similar as possible. Sources of data needed to be expanded to produce a complete data set. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: pilot studies are extremely useful tools in testing methods to inform research protocols. We found that the first months spent undertaking a pilot study ensured a stronger design with the potential to show more meaningful results.

title: Evaluating midwifery units ( XXXX ): lessons from the pilot study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PARTICIPANTS', 'women']

answer: @entity6498 :: (8790,Species) :: ['EMU']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Emergent surgery on a ruptured brain @entity2758 ( @entity2758 ) is indicated for a large @entity1410 in an acutely deteriorating @entity1 . The majority of ruptured AVMs, however, present in clinically stable @entity1 with @entity51 . Controversy exists with respect to the timing of treatment for ruptured AVMs in these stable @entity1 . This study aims to determine the safety of delaying @entity2758 treatment in clinically stable @entity1 by investigating the rate of rehemorrhage in a cohort of @entity1 with @entity75 . METHODS: @entity1 presenting to our institution from January 2000 to December 2015 with @entity75 treated at least 4 weeks posthemorrhage were included in the analysis. Exclusion criteria were ruptured AVMs that required emergent surgery involving @entity2758 resection, previous treatment at another institution, or subacute @entity2758 treatment. The primary outcome measure was time from initial @entity548 to rehemorrhage. @entity1 follow-up data were included up until the point of @entity2758 treatment. RESULTS: Of the 103 ruptured AVMs (49 M:54 F) meeting inclusion criteria, the median time from rupture to treatment or rehemorrhage was 112 days (interquartile range [IQR]: 110). Six (5.8%) @entity1 rehemorrhaged in a median of 248 days (IQR: 1331). Two of these @entity1 rehemorrhaged on the same day of their index @entity548 . The total at-risk period was 19   445 @entity1 -days, yielding a rehemorrhage risk of 11.3% per @entity1 -year, or 0.93% per @entity1 -month. CONCLUSION: Our data support stabilizing a @entity1 after the initial @entity7026 . It is safe to closely monitor the @entity1 , initiate the rehabilitation process, and then, in a semielective manner, bring the @entity1 back for treatment. Delaying intervention for 4 weeks after initial @entity548 subjects the @entity1 to a low (<1%) risk of rehemorrhage.

title: 359   Delayed Treatment of XXXX Malformations: Is It Ok to Wait?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity7026 :: ('MESH:D002538', 'Disease') :: ['AVM rupture']

entities_list: @entity2758 :: ('MESH:D001165', 'Disease') :: ['arteriovenous malformation', 'AVM']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['ruptured brain AVMs']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deficits']

answer: @entity7026 :: (MESH:D002538,Disease) :: ['Ruptured Arteriovenous']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The consistency of fixed airflow limitation status during treatment in @entity1 with @entity565 is unknown. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to determine the consistency of @entity1030 ( @entity1030 ) status during treatment and effects on treatment response. METHODS: This post hoc analysis from a 12-week study (NCT00652002) assessed @entity1 aged 12 years or more with moderate-to-severe @entity565 randomized to twice-daily @entity4184 / @entity6410 (BUD/FM) via pressurized metered-dose inhaler (pMDI) 320/9  g, BUD pMDI 320  g, FM 9  g via dry-powder inhaler, or placebo. @entity1030 status was assessed postbronchodilator at screening and after study drug administration at weeks 2, 6, and 12 via the forced expiratory volume in 1 second to forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) ratio < lower limit of normal (LLN) ( @entity1030 +) or >=  LLN ( @entity1030 -). @entity1 with persistent @entity1030 - and @entity1030 + retained their screening @entity1030 status at all visits. @entity1 with inconsistent @entity1030 changed categories at least once during the study. Assessments included early withdrawal due to predefined worsening @entity565 events (PAEs), lung function, and symptoms. RESULTS: Of 386 @entity1 , 29% had persistent @entity1030 +, 31% inconsistent @entity1030 , and 40% persistent @entity1030 -. PAEs were lowest in the @entity1030 - group overall and with BUD/FM treatment in @entity1 with @entity1030 + and inconsistent @entity1030 . Baseline demographics and treatment responses of the inconsistent @entity1030 group were most similar to the @entity1030 + group. The greatest improvements in @entity565 control days and use of rescue medications were seen with BUD/FM treatment, regardless of @entity1030 status. CONCLUSIONS: Approximately one third of @entity1 with moderate-to-severe @entity565 in this study had inconsistent @entity1030 , and their treatment responses were most similar to @entity1 with @entity1030 +. Regardless of @entity1030 status, @entity1 treated with BUD/FM experienced the most improved treatment responses and fewest withdrawals due to PAEs.

title: Assessment of Consistency of Fixed Airflow Obstruction Status during XXXX / @entity6410 Treatment and Its Effects on Treatment Outcomes in @entity1 with @entity565 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4184 :: ('MESH:D019819', 'Chemical') :: ['budesonide']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['fixed airflow obstruction', 'FAO']

entities_list: @entity6410 :: ('MESH:C012629', 'Chemical') :: ['formoterol']

answer: @entity4184 :: (MESH:D019819,Chemical) :: ['Budesonide']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Various types of revascularization surgery have been performed for @entity7025 . Although the efficacies of these operations are well recognized, the optimal operative procedure remains undecided. In this report, we describe our modified surgical revascularization procedure for @entity7025 and retrospectively analyze the results of such surgeries on six sides in six adult @entity1 . METHODS: Our operative procedure, combining direct and indirect bypasses, is a superficial temporal artery to middle cerebral artery anastomosis with encephalo-duro-myo-synangiosis. The encephalo-duro-myo-synangiosis is an indirect bypass combining the encephalo-duro- and encephalo-myo-synangioses. This operative procedure has been used routinely in adult @entity1 since 2002. RESULTS: Perioperative complications were noted in one of the six operations. This complication was transient and no attributive lesions were detected on CT or MRI. Revascularization was seen in cerebral blood flow studies in all @entity1 , and the clinical outcomes were excellent or good. Effective neovascularization through the grafts was observed in all @entity1 in follow-up angiographies. CONCLUSIONS: This operative procedure provides needed revascularization and prevents @entity63 . This modified procedure is useful for responding to subsequent additional @entity63 in the area of the anterior cerebral artery and should be considered one of the optimal procedures for treating @entity7025 .

title: Superficial temporal artery-to-middle cerebral artery anastomosis with encephalo-duro-myo-synangiosis as a modified operative procedure for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity7025 :: ('MESH:D009072', 'Disease') :: ['moyamoya disease']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic deficits', 'ischemia']

answer: @entity7025 :: (MESH:D009072,Disease) :: ['moyamoya disease']


abstract: SUMMARY: In this study, the role of disturbed bone mineral acquisition during puberty in the pathogenesis of @entity170 was studied. To this end, a @entity19 model for @entity170 was used. Longitudinal follow-up showed that @entity79 in both models results from deficient bone build-up during early puberty. INTRODUCTION: @entity3930 may result from impaired bone growth. This study characterizes the mechanisms of deficient peak bone mass acquisition in models for senile (SAMP6) and hypogonadal (orchidectomized SAMR1) @entity170 . METHODS: Bone mineral acquisition was investigated longitudinally in SAMP6 and orchidectomized SAMR1 @entity19 (eight to ten animals per group) using peripheral quantitative computed tomography and histomorphometry. Additionally, the effects of long-term @entity586 ( @entity587 ) and @entity53 (E2) replacement were studied. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA and Student's t test. RESULTS: SAMP6 @entity19 showed an early (4 weeks) medullary expansion of the cortex due to @entity79 (-43%). Despite compensatory periosteal bone formation (+47%), cortical thickness was severely reduced in 20-week-old SAMP6 versus SAMR1. Orchidectomy reduced periosteal apposition between 4 and 8 weeks of age and resulted in high bone turnover and less trabecular bone gain in SAMP6 and SAMR1. DHT and E2 stimulated periosteal expansion and trabecular bone in orchidectomized SAMP6 and SAMR1. E2 stimulated endocortical apposition in SAMP6. Moreover, sex @entity134 action occurred between 4 and 8 weeks of age. CONCLUSION: @entity79 in both models resulted from deficient bone build-up during early puberty. DHT and E2 improved bone mass acquisition in orchidectomized animals, suggesting a role for AR and ER in male skeletal development.

title: Sex steroids during bone growth: a comparative study between @entity19 models for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3930 :: ('MESH:D005834', 'Disease') :: ['Male osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity586 :: ('MESH:D013196', 'Chemical') :: ['5alpha-dihydrotestosterone']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['senile and hypogonadal osteoporosis', 'osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['17beta-estradiol']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone fragility', 'impaired endocortical bone formation', 'Bone fragility']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

answer: @entity170 :: (MESH:D010024,Disease) :: ['hypogonadal and senile osteoporosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy and tolerability of once-daily @entity4829 extended release (CER) 15 and 30 mg in relieving @entity2473 . METHODS: This is a pooled analysis of 2 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group studies of identical design. Adults with local muscle @entity2473 associated with neck/low back @entity158 were randomized to treatment with once-daily CER 15 (n = 127) or 30 mg (n = 126), @entity4829 immediate release (CIR) 10 mg 3 times daily (n = 123), or placebo (n = 128) for 14 days. Primary outcome measures were the @entity1 's rating of medication helpfulness and physician's clinical global assessment of response to therapy at day 4. RESULTS: Of 504 @entity1 , 330 (65.5%) completed the studies. Significantly greater improvements in @entity1 's rating of medication helpfulness were reported with CER 15 and 30 mg versus placebo at day 4 (P < 0.025). No differences were reported between groups in physician's clinical global assessment. Significantly greater improvements (P < 0.025) were noted in @entity1 -rated secondary measures versus placebo: relief from @entity158 at days 4 (CER 30 mg) and 8 (CER 15 and 30 mg), global impression of change at days 4 and 8 (CER 30 mg), and restriction of movement at day 4 (CER 30 mg). Improvements with CER 15 and 30 mg on most efficacy measures were similar to CIR. There was less reported daytime drowsiness with CER 15 and 30 mg than with CIR (P < 0.05). Most adverse events (AEs) were mild in intensity. The most common AEs for all groups were @entity2133 , @entity1142 , @entity1296 , @entity10 , and @entity2147 . The rate of @entity2147 reported as an AE was lower (P < 0.05) with CER 15 (0.8%) and 30 mg (1.6%) than with CIR (7.3%). CONCLUSION: Once-daily CER was effective in relieving @entity2473 based on @entity1 's rating of medication helpfulness at day 4 and was generally well tolerated with a low rate of reported @entity2147 .

title: Efficacy and tolerability of @entity4829 extended release for XXXX : a pooled analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4829 :: ('MESH:C004704', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclobenzaprine']

entities_list: @entity2147 :: ('MESH:D006970', 'Disease') :: ['somnolence']

entities_list: @entity2473 :: ('MESH:D013035', 'Disease') :: ['acute muscle spasm', 'spasm']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['local pain', 'pain']

entities_list: @entity1296 :: ('MESH:D004244', 'Disease') :: ['dizziness']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity1142 :: ('MESH:D003248', 'Disease') :: ['constipation']

answer: @entity2473 :: (MESH:D013035,Disease) :: ['acute muscle spasm']


abstract: We have examined the expression of 2 type IV collagen degrading enzymes ( @entity2198 ) in @entity1 @entity1489 by in situ hybridization. In all cases of infiltrating @entity189 of squamous cell (9 of 9) and basal cell (5 of 5) types, messenger RNA for the Mr 72,000 type IV collagenase was present in numerous fibroblasts. These were especially abundant in the stroma adjacent to the invasive @entity5 nodules. Malignant cells were negative for mRNA for the Mr 72,000 enzyme in all cases as were all other epithelial as well as endothelial cells. mRNA for the Mr 92,000 type IV collagenase was present in all 9 squamous cell and in 3 of the 5 @entity1491 . In all these cases, a subpopulation of tissue macrophages was found to be positive, while malignant cells showed a signal for Mr 92,000 type IV collagenase in 6 of the @entity957 but in none of the @entity1491 . In all cases, the signal for this mRNA was confined to cells located at the tumoral/stromal interface or in the close vicinity of @entity5 nodules. No mRNA for any of the 2 collagenases was detected in 3 biopsies of normal skin. In vitro studies have indicated that collagenases are involved in the degradation of the extracellular matrix during @entity3 . The present findings are consistent with such a @entity2198 in @entity1491 in situ. The findings also demonstrate that degradative enzymes are not necessarily produced by the malignant cells themselves but may be generated by induction or recruitment of nonmalignant stromal cells.

title: Localization of messenger RNA for XXXX in @entity1 @entity1489 by in situ hybridization.

entities_list: @entity2198 :: ('MESH:D006316', 'Disease') :: ['Mr 72,000 and 92,000 type IV collagenases', 'role of the Mr 72,000 and 92,000 type IV collagenases']

entities_list: @entity1489 :: ('MESH:D012878', 'Disease') :: ['skin cancer']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['cancer invasion']

entities_list: @entity1491 :: ('MESH:D002280', 'Disease') :: ['basal cell carcinomas', 'squamous and basal cell carcinomas']

answer: @entity2198 :: (MESH:D006316,Disease) :: ['Mr 72,000 and 92,000 type IV collagenases']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1759 is a transmembrane receptor found on many different benign and malignant cells. Hyaluronan (HA), a major component of the extracellular matrix, is the primary ligand for @entity1759 receptors. In @entity5 cells, HA interaction with @entity1759 promotes multiple signaling pathways that influence @entity5 cell progression behaviors in a variety of solid @entity5 . Increasing evidence indicates that HA and @entity1759 signaling play an important role in @entity1544 progression. HA is primarily synthesized by hyaluronan synthases, and the current study investigated the role of @entity4660 ( @entity4660 ) in oral @entity5 progression behaviors. METHODS: Analysis of @entity4660 mRNA and protein expression, HA production, and @entity4660 -mediated @entity5 cell proliferation and @entity146 with and without @entity4660 suppression were carried out on 2 established @entity1697 cell lines. Immunohistochemical analysis of @entity4660 and @entity1759 expression in oral @entity5 @entity5 specimens was performed. RESULTS: @entity4660 was expressed in the 2 @entity5 cell lines, @entity8989 and @entity32565 . Suppression of @entity4660 expression resulted in @entity1759 -dependent @entity5 cell migration, @entity5 cell growth, and increased @entity900 sensitivity, suggesting the importance of @entity5 cell HA production to promote in vitro @entity5 progression behaviors in @entity5 cells. Increased @entity4660 expression in oral @entity5 clinical specimens was associated with poor clinicopathologic characteristics and worse disease-free survival. CONCLUSIONS: @entity4660 may be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of @entity1697 .

title: Role of XXXX to promote @entity1759 -dependent @entity1544 progression.

entities_list: @entity1697 :: ('MESH:D009062', 'Disease') :: ['oral cavity cancer']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['migration behaviors']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cavity carcinoma', 'cancer', 'decreased tumor', 'oral cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity4660 :: ('3037', 'Gene') :: ['hyaluronan synthase 2', 'HAS 2']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity1544 :: ('MESH:D018307', 'Disease') :: ['oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma']

answer: @entity4660 :: (3037,Gene) :: ['hyaluronan synthase 2']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The increase in @entity56 is attributed to a relative lack of microbial stimulation of the infantile gut immune system. Probiotics, live health-promoting microbes, might offer such stimulation. OBJECTIVE: We studied the effect of a mixture of 4 probiotic bacterial strains along with prebiotic galacto-oligosaccharides in preventing @entity56 . METHODS: We randomized 1223 pregnant @entity1 carrying high-risk @entity1 to use a probiotic preparation or a placebo for 2 to 4 weeks before delivery. Their @entity1 received the same probiotics plus galacto-oligosaccharides (n = 461) or a placebo (n = 464) for 6 months. At 2 years, we evaluated the cumulative incidence of @entity56 ( @entity5419 , @entity484 , @entity565 , and @entity2023 ) and IgE sensitization (positive skin prick test response or serum antigen-specific IgE level >0.7 kU/L). Fecal bacteria were analyzed during treatment and at age 2 years. RESULTS: Probiotic treatment compared with placebo showed no effect on the cumulative incidence of @entity56 but tended to reduce IgE-associated (atopic) diseases (odds ratio [OR], 0.71; 95% CI, 0.50-1.00; P = .052). Probiotic treatment reduced @entity484 (OR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.55-0.98; P = .035) and @entity483 (OR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.46-0.95; P = .025). Lactobacilli and bifidobacteria more frequently (P < .001) colonized the guts of supplemented @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Probiotic treatment showed no effect on the incidence of all @entity56 by age 2 years but significantly prevented @entity484 and especially @entity483 . The results suggest an inverse association between @entity66 and colonization of the gut by probiotics. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: The prevention of @entity483 in high-risk @entity1 is possible by modulating the @entity1 's gut microbiota with probiotics and prebiotics.

title: Probiotics and prebiotic galacto-oligosaccharides in the prevention of XXXX : a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'children', 'infants', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity483 :: ('MESH:D003876', 'Disease') :: ['atopic eczema']

entities_list: @entity2023 :: ('MESH:D006255', 'Disease') :: ['allergic rhinitis']

entities_list: @entity5419 :: ('MESH:D005512', 'Disease') :: ['food allergy']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['atopic diseases']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic diseases']

answer: @entity56 :: (MESH:D004342,Disease) :: ['allergic diseases']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: OBJECT Systemic control of metastatic @entity1358 (mRCC) has substantially improved with the development of @entity7 , @entity3470 , and checkpoint inhibitors. The current first-line standard of care is a @entity7 @entity4149 kinase inhibitor (TKI). In preclinical models, TKIs potentiate the response to radiotherapy. Such improved efficacy may prolong the time to salvage therapies, including whole-brain radiotherapy or second-line systemic therapy. As the prevalence of mRCC has increased, the utilization of spine stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) has also increased. However, clinical outcomes following concurrent treatment with SRS and TKIs remain largely undefined. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the safety and efficacy of TKIs when delivered concurrently with SRS. The authors hypothesized that first-line TKIs delivered concurrently with SRS significantly increase local control compared with SRS alone or TKIs alone, without increased @entity137 . METHODS A retrospective cohort study of @entity1 undergoing spine SRS for mRCC was conducted. @entity1 undergoing SRS were divided into 4 cohorts: those receiving concurrent first-line TKI therapy (A), systemic therapy-na  ve @entity1 (B), and @entity1 who were undergoing SRS with (C) or without (D) concurrent TKI treatment after failure of first-line therapy. A negative control cohort (E) was also included, consisting of @entity1 with spinal metastases managed with TKIs alone. The primary outcome was 12-month local failure, defined as any in-field radiographic progression. Multivariate competing risks regression was used to determine the independent effect of concurrent first-line TKI therapy upon local failure. RESULTS One hundred @entity1 who underwent 151 spine SRS treatments (232 vertebral levels) were included. At the time of SRS, 46% were receiving concurrent TKI therapy. In each SRS cohort, the median prescription dose was 16 Gy in 1 fraction. @entity1 in Cohort A had the highest @entity66 (96%, p < 0.01). At 12 months, the cumulative incidence of local failure was 4% in Cohort A, compared with 19%-27% in Cohorts B-D and 57% in Cohort E (p < 0.01). Multivariate competing risks regression demonstrated that concurrent first-line TKI treatment (Cohort A) was independently associated with a local control benefit (HR 0.21, p = 0.04). In contrast, @entity1 treated with TKIs alone (Cohort E) experienced an increased rate of local failure (HR 2.43, p = 0.03). No @entity137 of Grade 3 or greater occurred following SRS with concurrent TKI treatment, and the incidence of post-SRS @entity174 (overall 21%) and @entity158 flare (overall 17%) were similar across cohorts. CONCLUSIONS The prognosis for @entity1 with mRCC has significantly improved with TKIs. The present investigation suggests a local control benefit with the addition of concurrent first-line TKI therapy to spine SRS. These results have implications in the oligometastatic setting and support a body of preclinical radiobiological research.

title: Spine stereotactic radiosurgery with concurrent @entity4149 kinase inhibitors for metastatic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['burden of epidural disease']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['vertebral fracture']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['renal cell carcinoma']

answer: @entity1358 :: (MESH:D002292,Disease) :: ['renal cell carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The following two methods of inhalation challenge have been used to determine the airway responsiveness: the tidal-breathing method; and the dosimeter method. The objective of the study was to determine the influence of the challenge method on the response to @entity1920 ( @entity860 ). METHODS: This study measured airway responsiveness to @entity860 by dosimeter and tidal-breathing methods in 25 subjects with suspected @entity565 . The two @entity860 challenges were conducted in random order, on separate days, at the same time of day, at intervals of 1 to 5 days. Concentration-response curves were characterized by the provocative concentration of a substance causing a 20% fall in FEV1 (PC20) and slope. RESULTS: The dosimeter PC20 values were significantly higher than the tidal-breathing PC20 values, with geometric mean (95% confidence interval [CI]) values of 50.35 mg/mL (95% CI, 19.50 to 129.72 mg/mL) and 28.97 mg/mL (95% CI, 11.99 to 69.98 mg/mL; p = 0.02), respectively. The mean difference in the PC20 values obtained with each method was 0.80 doubling concentrations (95% CI, 0.16 to 1.44 doubling concentrations). The mean values for the slope were 17.0%/log mg/mL (95% CI, 12.5 to 21.5 mg/mL) with the tidal breathing method and 13.8%/log mg/mL (95% CI, 9.0 to 18.7 mg/mL; p = 0.03) with the dosimeter. CONCLUSIONS: The tidal-breathing method produces @entity860 PC20 values that are significantly lower than the dosimeter method and slope values that are significantly higher than the dosimeter method. These data suggest that the results obtained with each method of testing may not be comparable.

title: The effect of challenge method on sensitivity and reactivity to @entity1920 in subjects with suspected XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1920 :: ('CHEBI:16027', 'Chemical') :: ["adenosine 5'-monophosphate"]

answer: @entity565 :: (MESH:D001249,Disease) :: ['asthma']


abstract: @entity2466 is rare, and even more uncommon is the @entity5 . To our knowledge, only nine cases of torsion of the vermiform appendix associated with @entity2466 have been reported up to date. We report a case of secondary torsion of the vermiform appendix with @entity8940 in a 30-year-old @entity1 . The symptoms were consistent with @entity697 . Diagnostic laparoscopy revealed a @entity5 with a 360 degrees twisted appendix. In order to avoid peritoneal dissemination open appendectomy was performed. The final pathologic diagnosis was a mucinous @entity9296 . The postoperative recovery was uneventful. Secondary torsion of vermiform appendix with @entity8940 is a rare entity. Correct preoperative diagnosis is unlikely. Open appendectomy is the standard of care for benign mucinous @entity5 . Furthermore, it is important to prevent spillage of the appendiceal mucocele content.

title: Torsion of an appendiceal XXXX . Report of a case and review of literature.

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute appendicitis']

entities_list: @entity2466 :: ('MESH:D001063', 'Disease') :: ['Vermiform appendix torsion', 'appendiceal mucinous neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['mucinous tumor of the appendix', 'appendiceal tumors', 'volvulus of appendiceal mucinous tumors']

entities_list: @entity8940 :: ('MESH:D018291', 'Disease') :: ['mucinous cystadenoma']

entities_list: @entity9296 :: ('MESH:D003537', 'Disease') :: ['cystadenoma of the appendix']

answer: @entity8940 :: (MESH:D018291,Disease) :: ['mucinous cystadenoma']


abstract: The principal caveat of existing @entity683 vaccine is their failure to provide long-term protection. This lack of efficiency is caused by persistent (drift) and dramatic (shift) antigenic changes on the major surface proteins, the main target of protective immunity generated by traditional vaccines. Alternatively, vaccination with most conserved protein, like the nucleoprotein (NP) can stimulate immunity against multiple serotypes and could potentially provides an extended protection. The NP antigen contains more than 90% protein sequence homology among @entity683 isolates and it also contains dominant CTL targets epitopes that made this antigen an attractive target for developing universal vaccine. However, NP protein is a weak antigen and need the use of adjuvant to increase its immunogenicity. We have developed an innovative @entity2101 ( @entity2101 ) nanoparticle to improve its adjuvant property to the NP antigen. The nanoparticles are derived from @entity22844 capsid protein (PapMV CP) produced in a bacteria expression system. We generated the @entity2101 by adding an affinity peptide directed to the NP protein at the surface of the VLPs. The fusions of the affinity peptide to PapMV VLPs increased the avidity of PapMV VLPs to NP protein. This modification enhanced the humoral and the @entity379 response directed to NP. Moreover, the immunity generated by the @entity2101 adjuvanted NP vaccine improved the protection of vaccinated @entity19 to a challenge with @entity683 virus. The protection was characterized by accelerated virus elimination after the onset of @entity281 and rapid recovery of the vaccinated animals.

title: Improvement of the PapMV nanoparticle adjuvant property through an increased of its avidity for the antigen [ XXXX NP].

entities_list: @entity683 :: ('MESH:D007251', 'Disease') :: ['influenza', 'influenza A']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity2101 :: ('MESH:C538394', 'Disease') :: ['high avidity VLP', 'HAV']

entities_list: @entity22844 :: ('12181', 'Species') :: ['papaya mosaic virus']

answer: @entity683 :: (MESH:D007251,Disease) :: ['influenza']


abstract: AIM: The aim was to review studies examining the effectiveness, acceptability, and feasibility of mobile-based technology for promoting active lifestyles in @entity1 with @entity2175 ( @entity2175 ). BACKGROUND: Benefits of leading an active lifestyle following a diagnosis of @entity2175 , including improved glycemic control, have been reported. Studies examining the specific use of mobile-based technologies to promote an active lifestyle in @entity2175 have not previously been reviewed. METHODS: Research studies examining effectiveness, feasibility or acceptability of mobile-based technology for active lifestyle promotion for @entity2175 management were included (n = 9). The databases searched included PubMed, Medline, ScienceDirect, and ACM Digital Library (January 2005 to October 2015). Studies were categorized as (1) informing, (2) monitoring, (3) provoking, or (4) sustaining behavior change. RESULTS: Technologies used included smartphone or tablet apps, @entity6 personal digital assistant, continuous @entity413 monitor and accelerometer, pedometer, and a website delivered by a smartphone. No articles examined the effectiveness of mobile-based technology in monitoring health behaviors and behavior change. Four of the studies found mobile-based technology to be motivational and supportive for behavior change. The visual reinforcement was identified as motivational. The feasibility and acceptability of using mobile-based technology to provide sustained lifestyle change and the effectiveness of mobile-based technology in monitoring health behaviors and behavior change have not been investigated. No studies examined all 3 of the outcomes or focused decreasing the @entity1 ' sedentary behavior. CONCLUSIONS: Limited research has examined the feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness of mobile-based technology to promote active lifestyles and subsequently good @entity6 management in @entity1 with @entity2175 .

title: A Systematic and Integrated Review of Mobile-Based Technology to Promote Active Lifestyles in @entity1 With Type 2 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'people']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity2175 :: ('MESH:D003924', 'Disease') :: ['type 2 diabetes', 'T2D']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['Diabetes']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The incidence and risk factors for recurrence of @entity1141 after ablation of @entity355 ( @entity355 ) have not been well defined. OBJECTIVE: To determine the rate and predictors of @entity1141 / @entity5 recurrence after photodynamic therapy (PDT) in @entity355 . SETTING: Retrospective analysis of a prospective cohort of @entity355 @entity1 seen at a specialized @entity355 unit. METHODS: @entity1 underwent a standard protocol assessment with esophagogastroduodenoscopy and 4-quadrant biopsies every centimeter at 3-month intervals after ablation. Recurrence was defined as the appearance of any grade of @entity1141 or @entity5 after 2 consecutive endoscopies without @entity1141 . Entry histology, demographics, length of @entity355 , presence and length of @entity2914 , EMR, stricture formation, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use, smoking, and the presence of nondysplastic @entity355 or squamous epithelium were assessed for univariate associations. Time-to-recurrence analysis was done by using Cox proportional hazards regression. A multivariate model was constructed to establish independent associations with recurrence. RESULTS: A total of 363 @entity1 underwent PDT with or without EMR. Of these, 261 @entity1 were included in the final analysis (44 lost to follow-up, 46 had @entity41 , and 12 had no @entity1141 at baseline). Indication for ablation was low-grade @entity1141 (53 @entity1 , 20%), high-grade @entity1141 (152 @entity1 , 58%), and @entity5 (56 @entity1 , 21%). Median follow-up was 36 months (interquartile range 18-79 months). Recurrence occurred in 45 @entity1 . Median time to recurrence was 17 months (interquartile range 8-45 months). Significant predictors of recurrence on the multivariate model were older age (hazard ratio [HR] 1.04, P=.029), presence of residual nondysplastic @entity355 (HR 2.88, P=.012), and a history of smoking (HR 2.68, P=.048). LIMITATIONS: Possibility of missing prevalent @entity1141 despite aggressive surveillance. CONCLUSION: Recurrence of @entity1141 / @entity5 after PDT ablation is associated with advanced age, smoking, and residual @entity355 .

title: Prevalence and predictors of recurrent XXXX after ablation of @entity355 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity355 :: ('MESH:D001471', 'Disease') :: ['BE', "Barrett's esophagus"]

entities_list: @entity41 :: ('MESH:D018365', 'Disease') :: ['residual dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['intramucosal cancer', 'neoplasia']

entities_list: @entity2914 :: ('MESH:D065630', 'Disease') :: ['diaphragmatic hernia']

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['dysplasia']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['neoplasia']


abstract: Evidence exists that microRNA (miRNA), which regulates gene expression, is frequently deregulated in @entity5 . A mature miRNA directs a RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) to its target messenger RNA, and causes inhibition of gene transcription. Ago proteins and TNRC proteins are main components of the RISC and participate in miRNA-induced gene silencing. However, expression status of Ago and TNRC proteins has not yet been studied in @entity1 @entity5 tissues. In this study, we attempted to explore whether expressions of @entity2037 and @entity23593 are altered in @entity263 ( @entity263 ) and @entity1721 ( @entity1721 ). We analyzed the expression of @entity2037 and @entity23593 in 107 @entity263 and 58 @entity1721 tissues by immunohistochemistry using a @entity3145 ( @entity3145 ) method. In the prostate, @entity2037 was not expressed in normal glandular cells, while it was expressed in 50.0% of @entity5436 ( @entity5436 ) and 57.0% of the @entity263 . @entity23593 was not expressed in normal prostate cells, while it was expressed in 55.0% of the @entity5436 and 63.6% of the @entity263 in cytoplasm and nucleus. In the esophagus, neither @entity2037 nor @entity23593 was expressed in normal squamous cells, while @entity2037 and @entity23593 were expressed in 58.6% and 62.1% of the @entity1721 , respectively. However, neither the expression of @entity2037 or @entity23593 was associated with pathologic characteristics of the @entity5 , including age, sex, Gleason score ( @entity263 ) and stage. The increased expressions of @entity2037 and @entity23593 in both @entity263 and @entity1721 compared with their normal cells suggested that over-expression of these proteins may be related to miRNA functions and might play a role in tumorigenesis of @entity263 and @entity1721 .

title: Immunohistochemical analysis of RNA-induced silencing complex-related proteins @entity2037 and XXXX in prostate and esophageal cancers.

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['PCA', 'prostate carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity3145 :: ('MESH:D017695', 'Disease') :: ['tissue microarray', 'TMA']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity1721 :: ('MESH:C562729', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal squamous cell carcinomas', 'ESCC']

entities_list: @entity5436 :: ('MESH:D019048', 'Disease') :: ['PIN', 'prostate intraepithelial neoplasia']

answer: @entity23593 :: (27327,Gene) :: ['TNRC6A']


abstract: Low molecular weight protein @entity669 phosphatase ( @entity29388 ) has been associated with cell proliferation control through dephosphorylation and inactivation of growth factor receptors such as PDGF-R and @entity22129 , and with cellular adhesion and migration through @entity35641 and @entity3547 . We aim to clarify the role of two main @entity29388 isoforms in @entity0 . We used a siRNA-mediated loss-of-function in @entity0 cell line to study the role of the two main @entity29388 isoforms, fast and slow, in @entity0 and migration. Our results show that the siRNAs directed against total @entity29388 and @entity29388 slow isoform enhanced cell motility in an @entity0 cell line, MDA-MB-435, with no changes in the proliferation and invasive potential of cells. The total @entity29388 knockdown caused a more pronounced increase of cell migration. Suppression of total @entity29388 decreased @entity3547 activation and suppression of the @entity29388 slow isoform caused a small but significant increase in @entity3547 activation. We propose that the increase or decrease in @entity3547 activation induces changes in stress fibers formation and consequently alter the adhesive and migratory potential of cells. These findings suggest that the two main isoforms of @entity29388 may act differentially, with the fast isoform having a more prominent role in @entity5 cell migration. In addition, our results highlight functional specificity among @entity29388 isoforms, suggesting hitherto unknown roles for these proteins in @entity0 biology. Novel therapeutic approaches targeting @entity29388 , considering the expression of these two isoforms and not @entity29388 as a whole, should be investigated.

title: Low molecular weight protein XXXX phosphatase isoforms regulate @entity0 cells migration through a @entity3547 dependent mechanism.

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['MDA-MB-435 breast cancer', 'breast cancer', 'breast cancer tumorigenesis', 'invasive breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

answer: @entity669 :: (CHEBI:18186,Chemical) :: ['tyrosine']


abstract: We investigated the ability of @entity1 bone marrow stromal cell (hBMSC) treatment to reduce @entity393 in @entity6503 ( @entity6503 ) @entity19 . @entity6503 was induced in SJL/J @entity19 by injection with proteolipid protein ( @entity13743 ). @entity19 were injected intravenously with hBMSCs or PBS on the day of clinical onset, and neurological function was measured daily (score 0-5) until 45 weeks after onset. @entity19 were sacrificed at week 1, 10, 20, 34, and 45 after clinical onset. Bielshowsky @entity575 was used to identify axons. Immunohistochemistry was performed to measure the expression of @entity10788 ( @entity10788 ) and MAB1281, a marker of hBMSCs. hBMSC treatment significantly reduced the mortality, the disease severity, and the number of relapses in @entity6503 @entity19 compared with PBS treatment. Axonal density and @entity10788 (+) cells in the @entity6503 brain were significantly increased in the hBMSC group compared with the PBS group at 1, 10, 20, 34, and 45 weeks. Disease severity was significantly correlated with decreased axonal density and decreased @entity10788 , and increased axonal density was significantly correlated with reduced loss of @entity10788 expression after hBMSC treatment. Most of the @entity10788 (+) cells are brain parenchymal cells. Under 5% of MAB1281(+) cells colocalized with NG2(+), a marker of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells. Nearly 10% of MAB1281(+) cells colocalized with @entity9327 , a marker of astrocytes, and @entity7001 , a marker of neurons. Our findings indicate that hBMSCs improve functional recovery and may provide a potential therapy aimed at axonal protection in @entity6503 @entity19 , in which @entity10788 may play a vital role.

title: Bone marrow stromal cells reduce XXXX in @entity6503 @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity6503 :: ('MESH:D004681', 'Disease') :: ['EAE', 'experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['axonal loss']

answer: @entity393 :: (MESH:D034381,Disease) :: ['axonal loss']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of @entity717 on patellofemoral alignment using the dynamic magnetic resonance imaging method on @entity1 whose femur @entity174 were treated with intramedullary locking nails. METHODS: The dynamic patellofemoral magnetic resonance imaging results of 33 @entity1 (5 females and 28 males) were reviewed. The mean age of the @entity1 was 36.3 (range 19-61) years. The mean follow-up was 30.2  months (range 24-38). All the @entity1 were given Kujala patellofemoral clinical evaluation scores at the latest follow-up. Those with less than 10   of @entity717 in either direction were classified as Group A, those with more than a 10   of @entity717 as Group B and more than a 10   of @entity717 as Group C. The three groups were then compared regarding to clinical scores. Patellofemoral parameters of operated and contralateral side were also compared in each group. RESULTS: There were 14 (42.4  %) @entity1 in Group A, 12 (36.4  %) @entity1 in Group B and 7 (21.2  %) @entity1 in Group C. The mean patella score in Group C (74      7.02) was significantly lower when compared with Group B (87.6      9.9) and group A (90.6      6.1) (p  <  0.05). In Group C @entity1 , medial patellar tilt was detected when compared with the intact side. There were no significant changes in patellofemoral position in either Group A or Group B. CONCLUSION: The results of this study revealed that more than 10   of @entity717 could cause a detoriation in the patellofemoral scores. Anatomic reduction of the @entity174 site should be performed as soon as possible and external @entity717 should especially be avoided in order to prevent @entity4518 .

title: The effect of XXXX on patellofemoral parameters following the treatment of femoral shaft @entity174 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['rotational deformities', 'rotational deformity', 'external rotation deformity', 'internal rotation deformity']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'fracture']

entities_list: @entity4518 :: ('MESH:D046788', 'Disease') :: ['patellofemoral malalignment']

answer: @entity717 :: (MESH:D009069,Disease) :: ['rotational deformity']


abstract: Aims. We analyzed the prevalence of @entity8 according to past body weight status in Japanese subjects with type 2 @entity6 because the influence of past @entity28 on @entity6 complications is not certain. Methods. We examined the prevalence of @entity8 in 2927 subjects with @entity6 according to current BMI and maximum BMI in the past. We defined "current @entity28 " as BMI on hospitalization of 25 or more, "previous @entity28 " as BMI on hospitalization of less than 25 and self-reported maximum BMI in the past of 25 or more, and "continuously lean" as maximum BMI of less than 25. Results. The prevalence of @entity8 was significantly higher in subjects with current @entity28 (40.6%) or previous @entity28 (35.6%) than in those who were continuously lean (24.3%) (P < 0.017). In logistic regression analysis, previous @entity28 , as well as current @entity28 , was a significant risk factor for @entity8 , independent of sex, age, disease duration, @entity101 , @entity2299 , HbA1c, and @entity6 . Conclusions. Obesity in the past, as well as the present body weight status, was a risk factor for @entity2316 .

title: Past Obesity as well as Present Body Weight Status Is a Risk Factor for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['nephropathy']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes', 'type 2 diabetes mellitus', 'diabetic retinopathy']

entities_list: @entity2299 :: ('MESH:D050171', 'Disease') :: ['dyslipidemia']

entities_list: @entity2316 :: ('MESH:D003928', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic nephropathy']

answer: @entity2316 :: (MESH:D003928,Disease) :: ['Diabetic Nephropathy']


abstract: @entity1 requiring extracorporeal life support (ECLS) are at significant risk for @entity548 . Thromboelastography ( @entity17792 ) is increasingly being used to assist in monitoring the coagulation status of critically ill @entity1 . Its role in heparinised @entity1 receiving ECLS is unknown. METHODS: A retrospective review of @entity17792 in 27 @entity1 (mean age 2 years and 8 months) receiving ECLS in a tertiary paediatric intensive care unit between December 2006 and April 2008. Paired @entity17792 (kaolin and heparinase) analysis was performed on 171 occasions. On all occasions activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and platelet count were performed within 4 hours of the @entity17792 (mean 6.5 minutes after @entity17792 ). On 158 occasions, the activated clotting time (ACT) was measured simultaneously with @entity17792 . RESULTS: The @entity17792 ( @entity4563 ) sample was not interpretable due to the heparin effect in 89 (52%) samples. There was a weak correlation between @entity17792 (heparinase) variables and APTT, and between @entity17792 and ACT with a stronger correlation between @entity17792 (Maximum amplitude) and platelet count. CONCLUSION: @entity17792 monitoring should always include paired samples in heparinised @entity1 on ECLS. In this heterogeneous population, weak, and moderate correlations exist between @entity17792 and standard haematological tests. Prospective studies, with simultaneous sampling for @entity17792 and conventional laboratory tests, must be performed in order to establish its absolute utility as a clinical tool in this population.

title: Correlation of thromboelastography with standard tests of anticoagulation in paediatric XXXX receiving extracorporeal life support.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['thrombotic and haemorrhagic complications']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The optimal management for @entity2294 with @entity2293 remains controversial. This study compares the results after two commonly performed techniques: subxiphoid surgical pericardial drainage (DPSS) and percutaneous catheter drainage (DPPK). MATERIAL AND METHODS: We conducted a 5-year retrospective study to analyse the outcome after DPSS and DPPK in @entity1 with non-traumatic @entity2294 with @entity2293 . OUTCOMES: @entity1 with non-traumatic @entity2293 were treated with DPSS (N=138) and DPPK (N=54). There were no statistical differences between groups regarding: age, drainage volume and duration of drainage. The etiology was malignant in 72 @entity1 and benign in 120 @entity1 . The 2-year survival was statistically non-significant: 55,1% in the surgical group and 44,4% in the percutaneous group, but there was a slight prevalence of malignant diagnosis in the first group (38% versus 35%). The 1-year survival in @entity1 with proved cyto- hystological @entity5 was statistically poorer than in @entity1 with malignant diagnosis and with both negative cytology and hystology (7% versus 33%). The 1-year freedom of re-intervention for recurrence of @entity2294 was statistically better in the surgical group as in the percutaneous one (92.8% versus 79,6%). CONCLUSIONS: DPSS and DPPK can be both safely performed. DPSS appears to decrease intervention-necessitating recurrence, but it brings a minimal advantage for the malignant diagnosis over cytology alone.

title: The efficiency of surgical subxiphoid pericardial drainage and percutaneous pericardial drainage in @entity2294 associated with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2294 :: ('MESH:D010490', 'Disease') :: ['pericardial effusions', 'pericardial effusion']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy']

entities_list: @entity2293 :: ('MESH:D002305', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac tamponade']

answer: @entity2293 :: (MESH:D002305,Disease) :: ['cardiac tamponade']


abstract: @entity26 free radicals have been implicated in @entity3145 in a variety of experimental models including the island skin flap. Previous studies have demonstrated that supplementing animals with exogenous @entity224 dismutase (SOD), a free radical scavenger, improves tissue survival in island flaps. No studies to our knowledge have attempted to inhibit endogenous SOD in a skin flap model. In this experiment 20 control @entity35 demonstrated a 12.00% flap @entity39 7 days after a modified ventral island skin flap was raised. A second group of 20 @entity35 were supplemented with exogenous SOD (50,000 U/kg 30 minutes preoperatively and 12 hours postoperatively) and demonstrated a statistically significant @entity39 of 5.28%. A third group of 20 @entity35 received @entity8584 ( @entity7725 , 0.5 gm/kg 12 hours preoperatively), an agent previously shown to inhibit SOD, and demonstrated a statistically significant @entity39 of 19.77%. In a final group of 20 @entity35 the effect of @entity7725 was overcome by supplementation with exogenous SOD, obtaining a flap @entity39 of 8.35%. Our results add further support to the importance of SOD and @entity26 free radicals in @entity3145 by demonstrating increased tissue @entity39 with inhibition of endogenous SOD. This suggests that there is a baseline degree of SOD activity in @entity63 areas working to preserve tissue. It appears that the @entity920 -containing species of SOD found primarily in the cytoplasm plays a pivotal role in preservation of postischemic tissue.

title: Inhibition of endogenous @entity224 dismutase with XXXX in acute island skin flaps.

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['increased flap necrosis', 'necrosis', 'decreased flap necrosis']

entities_list: @entity3145 :: ('MESH:D017695', 'Disease') :: ['postischemic tissue damage']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen', 'Oxygen']

entities_list: @entity8584 :: ('MESH:D004050', 'Chemical') :: ['diethyldithiocarbamate']

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide']

answer: @entity8584 :: (MESH:D004050,Chemical) :: ['diethyldithiocarbamate']