abstract: OBJECTIVE: Outcomes of open revascularization (OR) and endovascular revascularization (ER) for chronic @entity5327 (CMI) were analyzed to identify predictors of @entity177 . METHODS: A retrospective study was performed of all consecutive @entity1 with CMI (161 @entity1 , 215 vessels) treated from 2008 to 2012. Demographics, comorbidities, clinical presentation, etiology, and treatment modalities were compared. Outcomes included technical success, @entity256 requiring reintervention, complications, mortality, and hospital length of stay. RESULTS: There were 116 @entity1 who were first treated with ER (72%) and 45 @entity1 with OR (28%). Overall mortality was 6.8% (11/161). Among the ER @entity1 , 27 developed @entity256 and required OR (23%). @entity1 treated with ER were older (73 vs 66  years; P  = .014), had similar comorbidities, and had higher rate of short lesions ( <=2  cm) on preoperative angiograms (23% vs 47%; P  = .004). Primary patency at 3  years was higher in the OR group compared with the ER group (91% vs 74%; P  = .018). Long-term survival rates were higher in the ER group (95% vs 78%; P  = .003). Hospital length of stay and intensive care unit length of stay were shorter in the ER group (<.001). Perioperative mortality (30-day) was not statistically significant between the groups (5.2% vs 11%; P  = .165). A subgroup analysis was performed between the @entity1 with successful ER and failure of ER requiring OR. @entity1 with failure of ER had significantly higher rates of @entity432 (86% vs 49%; P  = .005) and long lesions >= 2  cm on angiography (57% vs 12%; P  < .001) that were close to the mesenteric takeoff. Perioperative mortality was higher in the ER failure group (15% vs 2%; P  = .009). CONCLUSIONS: ER has similar perioperative mortality and shorter hospitalization but higher rate of @entity256 requiring reintervention compared with OR. @entity1 with ER who required reintervention appear to have longer lesions as well as higher rates of @entity432 on preoperative angiography. @entity1 who crossed over from ER to OR had higher perioperative mortality than either primary @entity1538 @entity1 . These findings may guide treatment selection in @entity1 with CMI undergoing ER or OR.

title: Chronic XXXX outcome analysis and  predictors of @entity177 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1538 :: ('MESH:D005902', 'Disease') :: ['open or endovascular']

entities_list: @entity256 :: ('MESH:D023903', 'Disease') :: ['restenosis']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['endovascular failure']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['aortic occlusive disease']

entities_list: @entity5327 :: ('MESH:D065666', 'Disease') :: ['mesenteric ischemia']

answer: @entity5327 :: (MESH:D065666,Disease) :: ['mesenteric ischemia']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVES: To determine prevalence of @entity308 in @entity27 ( @entity27 ) and the impact of @entity27 treatment on @entity308 scores. METHODS: Consecutive new @entity1 referred for investigation of suspected @entity27 were approached. Consenting @entity1 completed a @entity1 Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) for @entity308 when attending for laboratory polysomnography (PSG). Those with moderate/ severe ( @entity27 index [AHI] >= 15 events/h) and/ or symptomatic mild @entity27 (AHI 5 to <15 events/h) were offered continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy. PHQ-9 was repeated after 3 months of CPAP with compliance recorded. Of a maximum PHQ-9 score of 27, a cut point >= 10 (PHQ-9>= 10) was used to indicate presence of clinically significant @entity308 . RESULTS: A total of 426 @entity1 (243 males) were recruited. Mean (  SD) body mass index (BMI) was 32.1  7.1 kg/m2 and AHI 33.6  28.9 events/h. PHQ-9 was 10.5  6.1 and independently related to AHI (p < 0.001) and BMI (p < 0.001). In those without @entity27 , PHQ-9>= 10 was more common in @entity1 , but no gender difference was evident with @entity27 . Of 293 @entity1 offered CPAP, 228 were compliant (mean nightly use >5 h) over 3 months of therapy. In them, with therapy, AHI decreased from 46.7  27.4 to 6.5  1.6 events/h, PHQ-9 from 11.3  6.1 to 3.7  2.9 and PHQ-9>= 10 from 74.6% to 3.9% (p < 0.001 in each case). Magnitude of change in PHQ-9 was similar in @entity1 and women. Antidepressant use was constant throughout. CONCLUSIONS: @entity308 are common in @entity27 and related to its severity. They improve markedly with CPAP, implying a relationship to untreated @entity27 .

title: @entity308 before and after Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in XXXX and @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'patients', 'Patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive symptoms', 'depression', 'Depressive symptoms']

entities_list: @entity27 :: ('MESH:D020181', 'Disease') :: ['apnea-hypopnea', 'obstructive sleep apnea', 'OSA']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Men']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine the role of the @entity209 ( @entity209 ) in the genesis of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in both sexes. The @entity209 and LUTS are highly prevalent disorders, both increasing with increasing age. METHODS: @entity1 in a health-screening project underwent a detailed health examination, including all factors associated with the @entity209 , and were assessed regarding LUTS. The @entity209 was defined according to the International @entity6 Federation consensus definition of 2005, and LUTS were quantified using the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS). RESULTS: A total of 2371 @entity1 (mean age 46.1 years) and 731 @entity1 (mean age 53.9 years) were analyzed. In the @entity1 , moderate-to-severe LUTS (IPSS >7) were present in 13.1%; in the @entity1 , the corresponding value was 23.5%. The proportion of the @entity209 diagnosed during the health investigation was 33.8% in the @entity1 and 30.2% in the @entity1 . On multiple linear regression analysis, the @entity209 was not associated with the IPSS, IPSS obstructive or irritative subscore, or LUTS. The proportion of LUTS and mean IPSS did not significantly differ regarding the presence or absence of the @entity209 in either sex. CONCLUSIONS: According to our results, the @entity209 did not turn out to be significantly and independently involved in the genesis of LUTS in @entity1 or @entity1 .

title: Are lower urinary tract symptoms influenced by XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['MS', 'metabolic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Participants', 'men']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetes']

answer: @entity209 :: (MESH:D008659,Disease) :: ['metabolic syndrome']


abstract: We investigated the effects of the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor @entity3371 on neurologic outcome in a @entity35 model of incomplete @entity2806 . Twenty male @entity35 were anesthetized with 70% @entity3810 in @entity26 and @entity3575 (10 micrograms x kg-1 i.v. bolus, 25 micrograms x kg-1 x hr-1 i.v. continuous infusion). Animals in group 1 (n = 10) received no angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor while animals in group 2 (n = 10) were given 10 mg x kg-1 i.v. @entity3371 30 minutes prior to the @entity63 period. @entity63 was produced by unilateral carotid artery ligation and hemorrhagic @entity551 to 35 mm Hg for 30 minutes. Body temperature, arterial blood gases, and arterial pH were maintained constant. Neurologic outcome was evaluated every 24 hours for 3 days using a graded deficit score (0, normal; 18, @entity64 -related @entity204 ). On the third day after @entity63 , @entity3371 significantly improved neurologic outcome (median deficit score = 4) compared with controls (median deficit score = 18) (p less than 0.05). These results suggest that reduced @entity1808 levels or increased tissue kinin concentrations may decrease @entity2806 .

title: @entity3371 improves neurologic outcome from incomplete XXXX in @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic brain injury', 'cerebral ischemia']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['Ischemia', 'ischemia', 'ischemic']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity3371 :: ('CHEBI:3380', 'Chemical') :: ['captopril']

entities_list: @entity3810 :: ('MESH:D009609', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrous oxide']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['rat', 'Sprague-Dawley rats']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

entities_list: @entity3575 :: ('MESH:D005283', 'Chemical') :: ['fentanyl']

answer: @entity2806 :: (MESH:D002545,Disease) :: ['cerebral ischemia']


abstract: @entity35 inhaling chrysotile asbestos developed a progressive @entity82 similar in most respects to @entity1 @entity1355 . The earliest lesions were focal deposits of fibrous tissue in the walls of respiratory bronchioles and alveolar ducts. Later alveolar septa between adjacent bronchioles became progressively thickened to produce lesions with similarities to @entity1 honeycombing. The thickened septa between alveoli or "micro-honeycomb" spaces were mainly surfaced with cuboidal epithelial cells although some spaces lined by ciliated columnar epithelium were also found. Transmission electron microscopy of these advanced lesions showed that the cuboidal epithelial cells retained most of the characteristics of type 2 pneumocytes but that they frequently exhibited apical cytoplasmic blebs normally associated with the apocrine secretion of Clara cells. Columnar cells exhibited all stages from fully cilitated to cells with only an occasional cilium among the normal cell surface microvilli. Alveolar or micro-honeycomb spaces frequently contained clusters of pulmonary macrophages with their surface processes interdigitated but with no signs of fusion to giant cells. At more than 18 months after the end of dust inhalation these macrophages contained no chrysotile asbestos. The basement membranes beneath the epithelial layers of thickened septa were irregular and often convoluted as well as being much thicker than normal. Microscopic deposits of @entity730 were frequently found within the basement membrane material. Some thickened septa were relatively acellular, consisting mainly of masses of collagen fibrils but others were cellular and contained many macrophages, fibroblasts, plasma cells and mast cells. In these @entity1442 was found and this was present in two sites only. Some chrysotile, always as individual fibrils and usually of short length, was present among collagen fibrils in areas of @entity82 and some was present within the thickened basement membranes.

title: Experimental lesions in @entity35 corresponding to advanced XXXX @entity1355 .

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['interstitial fibrosis', 'fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['calcification']

entities_list: @entity1442 :: ('MESH:D020178', 'Disease') :: ['advanced lesions extremely little chrysotile asbestos']

entities_list: @entity1355 :: ('MESH:D001195', 'Disease') :: ['asbestosis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: @entity1199 ( @entity1199 ) and @entity2902 ( @entity2902 ) critically regulate the magnitude and duration of T cell expansion required in an immune response. Modulation occurs at the level of receptor number and affinity. @entity2902 is a multisubunit receptor which contains at least three chains, @entity2902 ( @entity2902 ), @entity3647 ( @entity19176 ) and @entity2902 gamma ( @entity16409 ). Some components of high-affinity receptors (alpha beta gamma) are continuously internalized in the absence as well as in the presence of @entity1199 . From studies on other receptors, it is known that endocytosis of ligand-receptor complexes is due to an intrinsic property of the receptor. However, the specific chains responsible for endocytosis of high-affinity @entity2902 have not been fully elucidated. @entity2902 gamma has been reported to be necessary for @entity1199 internalization, based on the fact that fibroblasts transfected with @entity2902 and -beta do not internalize @entity1199 . However, @entity1199 dissociates too rapidly from @entity2902 beta receptors to allow for its internalization. From the reported results on @entity1199 internalization in transfected fibroblasts, it cannot be concluded as to the respective roles of @entity3647 and/or @entity2902 gamma in endocytosis. As modulation of receptor number is important for biological activity, we have attempted to define the chains responsible for receptor internalization. In this work, we have studied the endocytic properties of @entity3647 . We demonstrate that @entity3647 is constitutively endocytosed in a B cell line, derived from a @entity1112 combined @entity465 @entity1 , which lacks expression of @entity2902 gamma. @entity3647 was also constitutively internalized in T and natural killer cell lines independently of @entity2902 gamma. These results suggest that @entity3647 is endowed with endocytic capacity and carries internalization signals.

title: Endocytosis of the beta chain of XXXX receptor requires neither @entity1199 nor the gamma chain.

entities_list: @entity1112 :: ('MESH:D040181', 'Disease') :: ['X-linked severe']

entities_list: @entity465 :: ('MESH:D007153', 'Disease') :: ['immunodeficiency']

answer: @entity1199 :: (3558,Gene) :: ['interleukin-2']


abstract: A fuzzy neural network (FNN) using gene expression profile data can select combinations of genes from thousands of genes, and is applicable to predict outcome for @entity5 @entity1 after chemotherapy. However, wide clinical heterogeneity reduces the accuracy of prediction. To overcome this problem, we have proposed an FNN system based on majoritarian decision using multiple noninferior models. We used transcriptional profiling data, which were obtained from "Lymphochip" DNA microarrays (http://llmpp.nih.gov/ @entity1892 ), reported by Rosenwald (N Engl J Med 2002; 346: 1937-47). When the data were analyzed by our FNN system, accuracy (73.4%) of outcome prediction using only 1 FNN model with 4 genes was higher than that (68.5%) of the Cox model using 17 genes. Higher accuracy (91%) was obtained when an FNN system with 9 noninferior models, consisting of 35 independent genes, was used. The genes selected by the system included genes that are informative in the prognosis of @entity1892 ( @entity1892 ), such as genes showing an expression pattern similar to that of @entity2282 and @entity4042 or similar to that of @entity20630 and @entity20927 . We classified 220 @entity1892 @entity1 into 5 groups using the prediction results of 9 FNN models. These groups may correspond to @entity1892 subtypes. In group A containing half of the 220 @entity1 , @entity1 with poor outcome were found to satisfy 2 rules, i.e., high expression of MAX dimerization with high expression of unknown A (LC_26146), or high expression of MAX dimerization with low expression of unknown B (LC_33144). The present paper is the first to describe the multiple noninferior FNN modeling system. This system is a powerful tool for predicting outcome and classifying @entity1 , and is applicable to other @entity66 .

title: Multiple fuzzy neural network system for outcome prediction and classification of 220 lymphoma XXXX on the basis of molecular profiling.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['heterogeneous diseases']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ['DLBCL', 'Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Ceftiofur @entity1372 is a third generation broad-spectrum cephalosporin, formulated as an intramuscular injection, which is used to treat @entity1576 in @entity1707 , ruminants and @entity1641 . The @entity29710 bond on ceftiofur is rapidly cleaved to give desfuroylceftiofur which is further metabolized to a @entity1520 dimer and various desfuroylceftiofur-protein and @entity535 conjugates. Methods of analysis of ceftiofur rely on cleavage by @entity16958 to produce desfuroylceftiofur, which is further stabilized by derivatization to desfuroylceftiofur @entity14941 using @entity8867 . Previous analytical methods have extracted derivatized analyte from plasma and tissue using solid-phase extraction clean-up steps followed by HPLC analysis with results reported as ceftiofur-free acid equivalents (CFAE). The simplified method presented here involves direct HPLC injection of a cleaved and derivatized sample following a protein precipitation step with calibration by external standardization and selectivity achieved based on chromatography and diode-array detection (DAD). The assay was linear over the calibration range 0.4-40 microg/ml in plasma. Intra-batch reproducibility R.S.D. was 10.3% and intra-batch sample repeatability R.S.D. was 2.1% at the 5 microg/ml level. The mean accuracy over the range of the calibration curve was -4.2% and the detection limit was 0.15 microg/ml. The assay was successfully applied to @entity291 plasma following intramuscular injection of ceftiofur @entity1372 . This simplified method is suitable for pharmacokinetic applications involving ceftiofur at normal therapeutic levels.

title: Determination of ceftiofur in XXXX plasma by HPLC-DAD.

entities_list: @entity16958 :: ('MESH:D004226', 'Chemical') :: ['dithioerythritol']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity14941 :: ('MESH:C030686', 'Chemical') :: ['acetamide']

entities_list: @entity8867 :: ('MESH:D007460', 'Chemical') :: ['iodoacetamide']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory diseases']

entities_list: @entity1520 :: ('CHEBI:48343', 'Chemical') :: ['disulfide']

entities_list: @entity29710 :: ('CHEBI:51277', 'Chemical') :: ['thioester']

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['bovine']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Many of the long-term complications in lung transplantations are secondary effects of immunosuppression. Corticosteroids are partially responsible for the development of @entity170 , raised blood pressure, @entity6 , @entity121 , @entity2275 , and other conditions. We analyzed the long-term result of @entity134 withdrawal in our lung transplant recipients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: When respiratory function stabilized, to avoid secondary effects, @entity134 treatment was withdrawn in 34 of the 375 lung transplant @entity1 in our centers We evaluated the characteristics of the donors and recipients, their compatibility, the pre, and post- @entity134 withdrawal complications, and type of immunosuppressant. RESULTS: The mean age of @entity1 was 42 +/- 7 years and of donors, 25 +/- 9 years. The primary diseases were: 15 @entity2415 , six @entity3794 , 10 cystic @entity82 , and three @entity120 . Twenty seven @entity1 had double lung transplants and seven single lung. The mean @entity134 withdrawal period was 881 +/- 237 days posttransplantation. The most frequent treatment regimen at the time of @entity134 withdrawal was @entity205 , @entity500 , and minimal @entity134 doses. Six recipients had to be restarted on @entity230 one @entity1 who required a kidney transplant, three cases due to an infectious process with a differential diagnosis of rejection, and two cases due to loss of FEV1 (forced expiratory volume in 1 s), suggestive of chronic rejection. There was an improvement in blood pressure in five @entity1 , in plasma @entity165 and @entity412 levels in eight @entity1 , and @entity2690 withdrawal in two @entity6 @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity134 treatment may be suspended 2 to 3 years, posttransplant in selected lung transplant recipients. The usual @entity1 profile shows few rejection episodes with @entity205 and @entity500 immunosuppression. What is notable is the low mean age of donors. Close clinical monitoring and lung function testing are of major importance in the weeks following @entity134 withdrawal.

title: XXXX withdrawal in lung transplant recipients.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity500 :: ('MESH:D001379', 'Chemical') :: ['azathioprine']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity3794 :: ('MESH:D011658', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity120 :: ('MESH:D006976', 'Disease') :: ['primary pulmonary hypertension']

entities_list: @entity2415 :: ('MESH:D004646', 'Disease') :: ['emphysema']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['Steroid', 'steroid']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporine']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['muscular disorders']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

entities_list: @entity2275 :: ('MESH:D013276', 'Disease') :: ['gastric ulcers']

answer: @entity134 :: (CHEBI:35341,Chemical) :: ['Steroid']


abstract: Aim. The classic inguinal lymph node dissection is the main step for the regional control of the lower extremity @entity320 , but this surgical procedure is associated with significant postoperative morbidity. The permanent @entity4269 is the most devastating long-term complication leading to a significant decrease in the @entity1 's quality of life. In this study we present our experience with modified, saphenous vein sparing, inguinal lymph node dissections for @entity1 with @entity320 of the lower extremity. Methods. Twenty one @entity1 (10 @entity1 , 11 @entity1 ) who underwent saphenous vein sparing superficial inguinal lymph node dissection for the @entity320 of lower extremity were included in this study. The effects of saphenous vein sparing on postoperative complications were evaluated. Results. We have observed the decreased rate of long-term @entity4269 in @entity1 undergoing inguinal lymphadenectomy for the lower extremity @entity320 . Conclusion. The inguinal lymphadenectomy with saphenous vein preservation in lower extremity @entity320 @entity1 seems to be an oncologically safe procedure and it may offer reduced long-term morbidity.

title: Saphenous vein sparing superficial inguinal dissection in lower extremity XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity4269 :: ('MESH:D008209', 'Disease') :: ['lymphedema']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma']

answer: @entity320 :: (MESH:D008545,Disease) :: ['melanoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Bleeding is the major noncardiac adverse consequence of treatment in @entity1 with non-ST-elevation (NSTE) @entity1187 ( @entity1187 ). The aims were to identify predictors of @entity548 in @entity1 with NSTE @entity1187 and to evaluate in-hospital and 1-year outcomes. METHODS: We evaluated 5842 @entity1 with NSTE- @entity1187 included in the multicenter Canadian @entity1187 Registries. RESULTS: @entity1 with in-hospital @entity548 (n = 79, 1.4%) were older (75 vs 66 years, P < .001), with higher baseline @entity1011 (1.17 vs 1.02 mg/dL, P < .002), more @entity6 (36% vs 25%, P = .04), @entity101 (73% vs 54%, P < .002), previous @entity64 (20% vs 9%, P < .002), Killip class > or = II (P < .01), and @entity308 (37% vs 18%, P < .001). Antiplatelet/thrombotic therapies did not differ between @entity1 with and without @entity548 . Crude event rates were significantly higher in @entity1 with @entity548 : in-hospital @entity204 19.2% vs 1.5% (P < .001), @entity583 ( @entity583 ) 15.4% vs 3.8% (P < .001), and @entity204 or @entity583 26.9% vs 4.9% (P < .001). One-year event rates were also higher: @entity204 35.9% vs 7.4% (P < .0001), @entity583 15.6% vs 6.2% (P = .0021), and @entity204 or @entity583 40.6% vs 12.6% (P < .0001). In multivariable analysis, independent predictors for @entity548 were age (OR 1.03, 95% CI 1.03-1.09), @entity101 (1.72, 1.0-2.97), previous @entity64 (1.84, 1.0-3.37), and in-hospital catheterization (1.93, 1.06-3.53) or bypass surgery (2.18, 1.0-4.76). Major @entity548 was an independent predictor of 1-year @entity204 (OR 3.92, 2.07-7.41) and @entity204 or @entity583 (2.51, 1.41-4.48). CONCLUSIONS: In @entity1 with NSTE- @entity1187 , @entity548 is associated with increased short- and long-term rates of @entity204 and @entity583 , and is predicted by simple clinical characteristics.

title: Predictors and 1-year outcome of @entity548 in @entity1 with non-ST-elevation XXXX : insights from the Canadian Acute Coronary Syndrome Registries.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['ACS', 'acute coronary syndromes']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['ST-depression']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding', 'major bleeding']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'MI']

answer: @entity1187 :: (MESH:D054058,Disease) :: ['acute coronary syndromes']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIM: Opiate or @entity1245 drugs are often used during colonoscopy, but they are associated with @entity1576 and prolonged recovery. @entity2607 , a tertiary anticholinesterase agent, is known to enhance @entity1337 and to reverse the central nervous system depressant effects of these drugs. This study compared the effect of giving @entity6882 alone with the effect of giving @entity6882 in combination with @entity2607 in @entity1 who were undergoing complete colonoscopy. @entity1 AND METHODS: A total of 44 outpatients undergoing elective colonoscopy were randomly assigned to receive @entity1337 with either @entity6882 0.5 mg/kg intravenously (group 1, n=24) or @entity2607 10 micrograms/kg intravenously, followed 5 minutes later by @entity6882 0.5 mg/kg intravenously (group 2; n=20). The @entity1 were assessed with regard to @entity26 saturation, hemodynamic changes, @entity158 perception and sedation scores, readiness to go home, and adverse effects. RESULTS: The group 1 @entity1 ' @entity26 saturations consistently fell, both during the procedure and in the recovery period; in group 2, @entity26 saturations remained stable throughout the procedure and recovery period (95.88%+/-0.99 vs. 98.15+/-0.99, P<0.001). @entity1 in group 2 reported lower @entity158 perception scores during the procedure (measured using a visual analog scale) than @entity1 in group 1 (1.46+/-0.31 vs. 1.75+/-0.41; F1,42=6.484, P<0.015) and were less sedated during recovery (F1,41=6.56, P<0.015). No significant differences were found between the two groups with regard to heart rate or arterial blood pressure. All @entity1 in group 2 were ready to go home after 25 minutes in the recovery area; three @entity1 in group 1 were not ready to leave at 25 minutes and left the facility after 60 minutes. Four @entity1 suffered from minor side effects of @entity2607 (sweating and @entity390 ). CONCLUSIONS: Combining @entity2607 with @entity6882 as preparatory treatment for @entity1 undergoing colonoscopy prevents @entity1576 , improves @entity1337 , and shortens recovery time, with only mild side effects.

title: Combining XXXX with @entity6882 for sedation and @entity1337 during colonoscopy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity1337 :: ('MESH:D000699', 'Disease') :: ['analgesia']

entities_list: @entity6882 :: ('MESH:D008614', 'Chemical') :: ['meperidine']

entities_list: @entity1245 :: ('MESH:D001569', 'Chemical') :: ['benzodiazepine']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory depression']

entities_list: @entity2607 :: ('MESH:D010830', 'Chemical') :: ['physostigmine', 'Physostigmine']

answer: @entity2607 :: (MESH:D010830,Chemical) :: ['physostigmine']


abstract: The @entity6437 ( @entity6437 ) of the liver is an extremely rare focal lesion of the parenchyma with unknown aetiology. It has the appearance of a @entity5 but has a benign histology and clinical course. Herein, we report a case of @entity6437 in a 55 year-old @entity1 . She had complained of right upper @entity158 and subfebrile fever. Imaging studies revealed a heterogeneous, solitary mass in @entity409 which was 90 x 81 mm in size. Histopathological examination of ultrasonography-guided true-cut biopsy demonstrated @entity6437 . After the initiation of the antibiotic and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID), the size of hepatic @entity6437 decreased (20 x 20 mm) and then completely disappeared. To rule out a malignancy and to reach the diagnosis of @entity6437 , biopsy from the mass is mandatory. After the diagnosis, @entity6437 gave an excellent response to short course of antibiotic and NSAID therapy. To prevent unnecessary resective liver surgery, @entity6437 should be kept in mind in the differential diagnosis of @entity409 which can be successfully managed medically.

title: A succesfully managed XXXX without surgery: report of a case.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant tumor']

entities_list: @entity6437 :: ('MESH:D006104', 'Disease') :: ['pseudotumor', 'IPT', 'inflammatory pseudotumor']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['right lobe of liver', 'liver mass']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['quadrant pain']

answer: @entity409 :: (MESH:D008107,Disease) :: ['inflammatory pseudotumour of liver']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Every year 40,000 @entity1 die of @entity311 in Burkina Faso. In 2010, the Burkinab   authorities implemented a national @entity311 control program that provides for the distribution of mosquito nets and the home-based treatment of @entity1 with @entity221 by @entity497 . The objective of this study was to measure the implementation fidelity of this program. METHODS: We conducted a case study in two comparable districts (Kaya and Zorgho). Data were collected one year after the program's implementation through field observations (10 weeks), documentary analysis, and individual interviews with stakeholders (n = 48) working at different levels of the program. The analysis framework looked at the fidelity of (i) the intervention's content, (ii) its coverage, and (iii) its schedule. RESULTS: The program's implementation was relatively faithful to what was originally planned and was comparable in the two districts. It encountered certain obstacles in terms of the provision of supplies. Coverage fidelity was better in Kaya than in Zorgho, where many @entity497 ( @entity497 ) experienced problems with the restocking of @entity507 -based combination therapy and with remuneration for periods of training. In both districts, the community was rarely involved in the process of selecting CHWs. The components affected by scheduling all experienced successive implementation delays that pushed nets distribution and the initial provision of @entity507 -based combination therapies to the CHWs past the 2010 @entity311 season. CONCLUSIONS: The activities intended by the program were mostly implemented with good fidelity. However, the implementation was plagued by delays that probably postponed the expected beneficial effects.

title: Implementation fidelity of the national XXXX control program in Burkina Faso.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'people']

entities_list: @entity497 :: ('MESH:D003147', 'Disease') :: ['community health workers', 'CHW']

entities_list: @entity507 :: ('MESH:C031327', 'Chemical') :: ['artemisinin']

answer: @entity311 :: (MESH:D008288,Disease) :: ['malaria']


abstract: A correlative, histologic and cytologic study of seven cases of @entity3943 and chromosome analysis using the G-banding technique (in case 1) is presented. The histologic pattern was characterized by @entity2383 , separated by fibrous septa. Primitive, dark, round cells predominated, but differentiated rhabdomyoblasts were found in all cases, and so were multi-nucleated giant cells. Unequivocal cross striation was seen in two cases. Cytologically, the @entity5 were highly cellular and small, undifferentiated @entity5 cells predominated. Large polymorphous, sometimes multi-nucleated, cells often with an elongated cytoplasm and eccentric nucleus were observed in all cases. The cell-types found could be well correlated to those identified in the histologic sections. The cytogenetic study revealed a karyotype profile, showing three 2q markers and only one chromosome type No. 13. The observations are different from the karyotype profile of @entity2875 . However, further studies are necessary to elucidate this question.

title: XXXX : a cytogenetic and correlated cytological and histological study.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity3943 :: ('MESH:D018232', 'Disease') :: ['alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity2875 :: ('MESH:D018233', 'Disease') :: ['embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity2383 :: ('MESH:D028361', 'Disease') :: ['pseudo-alveolar structures']

answer: @entity3943 :: (MESH:D018232,Disease) :: ['Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma']


abstract: @entity9155 receptors such as smoothened and frizzled play important roles in cell fate determination during animal development. In @entity4328 , four serpentine @entity1919 ( @entity268 ) receptors (cARs) regulate expression of multiple classes of developmental genes. To understand their function, it is essential to know whether each cAR is coupled to a specific gene regulatory pathway or whether specificity results from the different developmental regulation of individual cARs. To distinguish between these possibilities, we measured gene induction in car1 car3 double mutant cell lines that express equal levels of either cAR1, cAR2, or cAR3 under a constitutive promoter. We found that all cARs efficiently mediate both aggregative gene induction by @entity268 pulses and induction of postaggregative and prespore genes by persistent @entity268 stimulation. Two exceptions to this functional promiscuity were observed. (i) Only cAR1 can mediate @entity859 inhibition of @entity268 -induced prespore gene expression, a phenomenon that was found earlier in wild-type cells. cAR1's mediation of @entity859 inhibition suggests that cAR1 normally mediates prespore gene induction. (ii) Only cAR2 allows entry into the prestalk pathway. Prestalk gene expression is induced by differentiation-inducing factor (DIF) but only after cells have been prestimulated with @entity268 . We found that DIF-induced prestalk gene expression is 10 times higher in constitutive cAR2 expressors than in constitutive cAR1 or cAR3 expressors (which still have endogenous cAR2), suggesting that cAR2 mediates induction of DIF competence. Since in wild-type slugs cAR2 is expressed only in anterior cells, this could explain the so far puzzling observations that prestalk cells differentiate at the anterior region but that DIF levels are actually higher at the posterior region. After the initial induction of DIF competence, @entity268 becomes a repressor of prestalk gene expression. This function can again be mediated by cAR1, cAR2, and cAR3.

title: Functional promiscuity of gene regulation by @entity9155 receptors in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity859 :: ('MESH:D000241', 'Chemical') :: ['adenosine']

entities_list: @entity4328 :: ('44689', 'Species') :: ['Dictyostelium discoideum']

entities_list: @entity1919 :: ('MESH:D000242', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclic AMP']

entities_list: @entity9155 :: ('CHEBI:46670', 'Chemical') :: ['Serpentine']

answer: @entity4328 :: (44689,Species) :: ['Dictyostelium discoideum']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Today's uncertain @entity645 funding landscape threatens to slow progress towards treatment goals. Understanding the costs of antiretroviral therapy (ART) will be essential for governments to make informed policy decisions about the pace of scale-up under the 2013 WHO @entity645 Treatment Guidelines, which increase the number of @entity1 eligible for treatment from 17.6 million to 28.6 million. The study presented here is one of the largest of its kind and the first to describe the facility-level cost of ART in a random sample of facilities in Ethiopia, Malawi, Rwanda, South Africa and Zambia. METHODS _ FINDINGS: In 2010-2011, comprehensive data on one year of facility-level ART costs and @entity1 outcomes were collected from 161 facilities, selected using stratified random sampling. Overall, facility-level ART costs were significantly lower than expected in four of the five countries, with a simple average of  208 per @entity1 -year (ppy) across Ethiopia, Malawi, Rwanda and Zambia. Costs were higher in South Africa, at  682 ppy. This included medications, laboratory services, direct and indirect personnel, @entity1 support, equipment and administrative services. Facilities demonstrated the ability to retain @entity1 alive and on treatment at these costs, although outcomes for established @entity1 (2-8% annual loss to follow-up or @entity204 ) were better than outcomes for new @entity1 in their first year of ART (77-95% alive and on treatment). CONCLUSIONS: This study illustrated that the facility-level costs of ART are lower than previously understood in these five countries. While limitations must be considered, and costs will vary across countries, this suggests that expanded treatment coverage may be affordable. Further research is needed to understand investment costs of treatment scale-up, non-facility costs and opportunities for more efficient resource allocation.

title: Multi-country analysis of treatment costs for XXXX /AIDS (MATCH): facility-level ART unit cost analysis in Ethiopia, Malawi, Rwanda, South Africa and Zambia.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'people']

answer: @entity645 :: (57667,Species) :: ['HIV']


abstract: Filamentous fungi are the cause of serious @entity1 and @entity66 but are also exploited in biotechnology as production platforms. Comparative genomics has documented their genetic diversity, and functional genomics and systems biology approaches are under way to understand the functions and interaction of fungal genes and proteins. In these approaches, gene functions are usually inferred from deletion or overexpression mutants. However, studies at these extreme points give only limited information. Moreover, many overexpression studies use metabolism-dependent promoters, often causing pleiotropic effects and thus limitations in their significance. We therefore established and systematically evaluated a tunable expression system for @entity11150 that is independent of @entity505 and @entity1568 metabolism and silent under noninduced conditions. The system consists of two expression modules jointly targeted to a defined genomic locus. One module ensures constitutive expression of the @entity803 -dependent transactivator rtTA2(S)-M2, and one module harbors the rtTA2(S)-M2-dependent promoter that controls expression of the gene of interest (the Tet-on system). We show here that the system is tight, responds within minutes after inducer addition, and allows fine-tuning based on the inducer concentration or gene copy number up to expression levels higher than the expression levels of the gpdA promoter. We also validate the Tet-on system for the generation of conditional overexpression mutants and demonstrate its power when combined with a gene deletion approach. Finally, we show that the system is especially suitable when the functions of essential genes must be examined.

title: Fungal gene expression on demand: an inducible, tunable, and metabolism-independent expression system for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['plant diseases']

entities_list: @entity11150 :: ('5061', 'Species') :: ['Aspergillus niger']

entities_list: @entity803 :: ('MESH:D013752', 'Chemical') :: ['tetracycline']

answer: @entity11150 :: (5061,Species) :: ['Aspergillus niger']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the asbestos-induced DNA damage and repair capacities of DNA damage between 104 asbestos-exposed workers and 101 control workers in Qingdao City of China and to investigate the possible association between polymorphisms in codon 399 of @entity20319 and susceptibility to @entity1355 . METHODS: DNA damage levels in peripheral blood lymphocytes were determined by comet assay, and @entity20319 genetic polymorphisms of DNA samples from 51 @entity1355 cases and 53 @entity1355 workers with a similar asbestos exposure history were analyzed by PCR/RFLP. RESULTS: The basal comet scores (3.95 +/- 2.95) were significantly higher in asbestos-exposed workers than in control workers (0.10 +/- 0.28). After 1 h @entity274 stimulation, DNA damage of lymphocytes exhibited different increases. After a 4 h repair period, the comet scores were 50.98 +/- 19.53 in asbestos-exposed workers and 18.32 +/- 12.04 in controls. The residual DNA damage (RD) was significantly greater (P<0.01) in asbestos-exposed workers (35.62%) than in controls (27.75%). @entity20319 genetic polymorphism in 104 asbestos-exposed workers was not associated with increased risk of @entity1355 . But compared with polymorphisms in the DNA repair gene @entity20319 (polymorphisms in codon 399) and the DNA damage induced by asbestos, the comet scores in @entity1355 cases with @entity7647 / @entity7647 , @entity7647 / @entity534 , and @entity534 / @entity534 were 40.26 +/- 18.94, 38.03 +/- 28.22, and 32.01 +/- 11.65, respectively, which were higher than those in @entity1355 workers with the same genotypes (25.58 +/- 11.08, 37.08 +/- 14.74, and 29.38 +/- 10.15). There were significant differences in the comet scores between @entity1355 cases and @entity1355 workers with @entity7647 / @entity7647 by Student's t-test (P<0.05 or 0.01). The comet scores were higher in @entity1355 workers with @entity7647 / @entity7647 than in those with @entity534 / @entity534 and in @entity1355 workers exposed to asbestos, but without statistically significant difference. CONCLUSIONS: Exposure to asbestos may be related to DNA damage or the capacity of cells to repair @entity274 -induced DNA damage. DNA repair gene @entity20319 codon 399 may be responsible for the inter-individual susceptibility in DNA damage and repair capacities.

title: Association between polymorphisms of DNA repair gene XXXX and DNA damage in asbestos-exposed workers.

entities_list: @entity1355 :: ('MESH:D001195', 'Disease') :: ['non-asbestosis', 'asbestosis']

answer: @entity20319 :: (7515,Gene) :: ['XRCC1']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To identify correlates of @entity167 related @entity130 in the city centre of a European capital city, with particular reference to @entity341 ( @entity341 ) and police interventions, and number and capacity of licensed premises. METHODS: Assaults resulting in @entity341 treatment were studied using a longitudinal controlled intervention, a three stage design during a three year period of rapid expansion in the night-time economy, when @entity341 initiated targeted police interventions were delivered. A controlled @entity341 intervention targeted at high risk night-clubs was carried out. Main outcome measure was @entity341 treatment after assault in licensed premises and the street. RESULTS: Targeted police intervention was associated with substantial reductions in assaults in licensed premises but unexpected increases in street assault were also observed (34% overall: 105% in the principal entertainment thoroughfare). Combined police/ @entity341 intervention was associated with a significantly greater reduction compared with police intervention alone (OR = 0.61, 95% CI 0.40 to 0.91). Street assault correlated significantly with numbers and capacity of premises. Risk of assault was 50% greater in and around licensed premises in the city centre compared with those in the suburbs, although dispersion of violence to more licensed premises was not observed. CONCLUSIONS: Marked decreases in licensed premises assaults resulting from targeted policing were enhanced by the intervention of @entity341 and maxillofacial consultants. Capacity of licensed premises was a major predictor of assaults in the city centre street in which they are clustered. City centre @entity130 prevention can be achieved through police/ @entity341 interventions targeted at high risk licensed premises, which should also target the streets around which these premises are clustered.

title: Tackling XXXX related violence in city centres: effect of emergency medicine and police intervention.

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['ED', 'emergency department']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['assault injury']

answer: @entity167 :: (CHEBI:16236,Chemical) :: ['alcohol']


abstract: @entity6942 ( @entity281 caused by @entity6943 ) requires a prolonged course of oral antibiotics following initial intravenous therapy to reduce the risk of relapse after cessation of treatment. The current recommendation is a four-drug regimen ( @entity206 [ @entity1597 ], @entity207 [ @entity1598 ], @entity3403 , and @entity2755 ) and a total treatment time of 12 to 20 weeks. @entity137 are common; the aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and tolerance of the four-drug regimen with a three-drug regimen ( @entity1597 - @entity1598 and @entity3403 ). An open-label, randomized trial was conducted in northeast Thailand. A total of 180 adult Thai @entity1 were enrolled, of which 91 were allocated to the four-drug regimen and 89 to the three-drug regimen. The trial was terminated early due to poor drug tolerance, particularly of the four-drug regimen. The culture-confirmed relapse rates at 1 year were 6.6% and 5.6% for the four- and three-drug regimens, respectively (P = 0.79). The three-drug regimen was better tolerated than the four-drug regimen; 36% of @entity1 receiving four drugs and 19% of @entity1 receiving three drugs required a switch in therapy due to side effects (P = 0.01). The duration of oral therapy was significantly associated with relapse; after adjustment for confounders, @entity1 receiving less than 12 weeks of oral therapy had a 5.7-fold increase of relapse or @entity204 . A combination of @entity1597 - @entity1598 and @entity3403 is as effective as and better tolerated than the conventional four-drug regimen for the oral treatment phase of @entity6942 .

title: Open-label randomized trial of oral @entity206 - @entity207 , @entity3403 , and @entity2755 compared with @entity206 - XXXX and @entity3403 for maintenance therapy of @entity6942 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['Drug side effects']

entities_list: @entity6943 :: ('28450', 'Species') :: ['Burkholderia pseudomallei']

entities_list: @entity3403 :: ('MESH:D004318', 'Chemical') :: ['doxycycline']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity6942 :: ('MESH:D008554', 'Disease') :: ['Melioidosis', 'melioidosis']

entities_list: @entity207 :: ('MESH:D013420', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfamethoxazole']

entities_list: @entity2755 :: ('MESH:D002701', 'Chemical') :: ['chloramphenicol']

entities_list: @entity206 :: ('MESH:D014295', 'Chemical') :: ['trimethoprim']

answer: @entity207 :: (MESH:D013420,Chemical) :: ['sulfamethoxazole']


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: Review of results of @entity1 with @entity1614 treated with instrumented posterior fusion alone for @entity1635 . OBJECTIVE: To analyze the results of surgical treatment for @entity1635 in @entity1614 . SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Few studies have been reported in the literature on surgical treatment for @entity1635 in @entity1614 , analyzing long-term results of posterior instrumented fusion. METHODS: Twenty-three @entity1 with @entity1614 with a mean age of 17 years (range, 11-31 years) were treated surgically from 1982 to 1995 for @entity1635 , using a posterior instrumented fusion alone (Harrington rod with sublaminar wires in the first 16 cases, and a more recent hybrid instrumentation in the remaining 7 cases). All of the @entity1 received a long posterior instrumented fusion, including 12.3 levels on average (range, 9-17), extending the fusion area to vertebrae that were neutral and stable in both coronal and sagittal planes before surgery. @entity1 were analyzed as two different groups (Group 1 and Group 2) according to the different posterior instrumentations employed: Group 1 included 16 @entity1 treated by the Harrington distraction rod technique with sublaminar wires, while Group 2 included 7 @entity1 treated using more recent hybrid instrumentations. Presentation features, complications, and results were analyzed. RESULTS: At a minimum follow-up of 7 years (maximum, 18 years), all 23 @entity1 were reviewed. The mean age was 26.8 years (range, 20-38 years). The average preoperative @entity1635 value of 69.91 degrees was initially corrected to 38.17 degrees, averaged 40.89 degrees 1 year after surgery, and was finally equal to 44.09 degrees at the last follow-up. Differences in terms of @entity1635 correction achieved with different instrumentations (Groups 1 and 2) did not reach statistical significance. In Group 2 @entity1 , the percentage of postoperative correction was slightly lower (44.23%) than that of Group 1 (46.55%) but remained more stable at the last follow-up (40.97% vs. 36.38% of Group 1). There were 11 complications in 10 of the 23 @entity1 (43.4%); two complications occurred in 1 @entity1 . Intraoperatively, dural tears occurred in 2 cases (8.6%). @entity1516 with instrumentation failure in 2 cases (8.6%) required revision surgery. Five (21.7%) distal hook dislodgements with moderate @entity393 correction, 1 (4.3%) mild loss of correction without instrumentation failure, and 1 asymptomatic cervicothoracic junctional kyphosis. did not require surgery. All complications occurred among the 16 Group 1 @entity1 , treated using the Harrington rod instrumentation with sublaminar wires. CONCLUSIONS: These results seemed to demonstrate that a satisfactory stabilization of @entity1635 can be achieved by posterior instrumentation alone in @entity1 with @entity1614 . Instrumented posterior fusion should be extended to include vertebrae that are neutral and stable in both coronal and sagittal planes before surgery, in order to ensure stabilization of the deformity and reduce the risks of decompensation of the spine.

title: Surgical treatment for @entity1635 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1614 :: ('MESH:D008382', 'Disease') :: ['Marfan syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1635 :: ('MESH:D012600', 'Disease') :: ['scoliosis']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['loss of scoliosis']

entities_list: @entity1516 :: ('MESH:D011542', 'Disease') :: ['Pseudarthrosis']

answer: @entity1614 :: (MESH:D008382,Disease) :: ['Marfan syndrome']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: e13028 Background: @entity2025 is harboured in various @entity1 @entity5 despite abundant T cell responses, partly through selective antigen expression in malignant cells. A recombinant virus MVA-EL, encoding two @entity2025 tumour antigens as an EBNA1/ @entity10553 fusion, was designed to boost immunity in Asian populations for whom @entity2025 + @entity189 ( @entity189 ) is endemic. A phase I trial extended this application, testing its safety and immunogenicity in UK @entity1 . METHODS: @entity1 with @entity2025 + @entity5 , >12 weeks after primary therapy, received 3 intra-dermal vaccinations of MVA-EL at 3-weekly intervals, with dose escalations of 5x10(7), 1x10(8), 2x10(8), 3.3x10(8) and 5x10(8)pfu. Blood samples were taken at screening, after each vaccine cycle and up to 12 months post-vaccination. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were tested for spot-forming cells (sfc) in interferon (IFN)-gamma ELIspot assays against complete EBNA1 and @entity10553 15-mer peptide mixes and against defined epitope peptides selected according to MHC-type. RESULTS: Sixteen @entity1 , all with @entity189 , participated (n=6, 3, 4, 2 and 1 in successive cohorts). One dose limiting @entity137 was observed: a grade 3 injection site reaction in @entity1 1. The trial closed because of vaccine expiry and because combining data with a parallel trial permitted dose recommendation for phase II. @entity1 15 and 16 were not evaluable for immunity. Pre-existing immunity was observed in 11/14 (EBNA1) and 10/14 ( @entity10553 ) @entity1 . Immunity increased after vaccination in 7/14 (EBNA1) and 6/14 ( @entity10553 ) @entity1 . In 9 @entity1 with paired samples tested against 15-mer mixes, antigen recognition significantly increased from pre-vaccination medians of 80 sfc/10(6) PBMC (EBNA1) and 77 ( @entity10553 ), to post vaccination medians of 139 (EBNA1, p=0.01) and 350 ( @entity10553 , p=0.02). Screening on defined peptides identified individuals mounting both MHC I and II-restricted responses to known epitopes in one or both target antigens. CONCLUSIONS: MVA-EL is safe and immunogenic in the UK population. A phase IB trial at 5x10(8)pfu is needed in the UK to characterise immunity in detail at the recommended dose. Acknowledgement: supported by Cancer Research UK.

title: A UK-based phase I trial of recombinant modified vaccinia ankara (MVA) vaccine encoding @entity2025 ( XXXX ) antigens.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'human', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['nasopharyngeal carcinoma', 'NPC']

answer: @entity2025 :: (MESH:D020031,Disease) :: ['EBV']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The best anticoagulation strategy for @entity1 undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) remains controversial. The primary objective of this study was to assess the feasibility of immediate sheath removal post-PCI in @entity1 given a single low-dose intravenous (IV) bolus of @entity2120 as the sole anticoagulant. METHODS: In 53 @entity1 with stable coronary disease undergoing elective PCI, a single IV bolus of 0.5 mg per kg @entity2120 was administered 10 minutes before PCI. @entity1 were pretreated with @entity117 100 mg and @entity1397 300 mg. The femoral access sheaths were removed immediately after PCI by manual compression. Major and @entity548 and coronary @entity715 were recorded. Anti-Xa levels were measured before, during and after PCI. RESULTS: One @entity1 had an intracoronary thrombus 60 minutes after @entity2120 administration, and there was 1 @entity385 . Fifty-one of the 53 @entity1 had their sheaths successfully pulled immediately post-PCI. One @entity1 had a @entity2849 requiring surgical repair, and 1 @entity1 had a minor bleed. Postprocedural elevation of CK-MB > 3 times the upper limit of normal occurred in 7 @entity1 (13.2%). Anti-Xa activity was 0.56 +/- 0.16 at 10 minutes post-IV injection, and then progressively decreased to 0.14 +/- 0.09 IU/ml at 6 hours after injection. Ten minutes after IV @entity2120 , 12 @entity1 (23.5%) had anti-Xa levels < 0.5 IU/ml. CONCLUSIONS: Immediate removal of femoral sheaths, after a single low-dose of IV @entity2120 for elective stenting appears feasible. However, a sizeable proportion of patients achieved anti-Xa levels below the widely agreed upon "therapeutic" level after injection.

title: Early ambulation and variability in anticoagulation during elective coronary stenting with a single intravenous bolus of low-dose, low-molecular weight heparin XXXX .

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['minor bleeding']

entities_list: @entity1397 :: ('MESH:C055162', 'Chemical') :: ['clopidogrel']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity2120 :: ('MESH:D017984', 'Chemical') :: ['enoxaparin']

entities_list: @entity2849 :: ('MESH:D017541', 'Disease') :: ['pseudoaneurysm']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity2120 :: (MESH:D017984,Chemical) :: ['enoxaparin']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study investigated whether: (i) @entity309 ( @entity309 ) @entity1 have more micronuclei (MN) than healthy controls; (ii) @entity1499 ( @entity1500 ) treated @entity309 @entity1 have more MN than those not using @entity1500 , and (iii) @entity1501 supplementation decreases the number of MN in @entity1500 treated @entity1 . METHODS: MN assays were performed in oral mucosa sweeps of 50 consecutive @entity1500 treated @entity309 @entity1 , 30 consecutive @entity309 @entity1 not receiving @entity1500 and 39 healthy controls. @entity1500 treated @entity309 @entity1 were then randomly placed in a cross-over design to receive @entity1501 supplementation, and MN assays were repeated after 6 weeks. RESULTS: The @entity1500 - @entity309 @entity1 had a mean age of 46 +/- 10 yrs and a mean disease duration of 12 +/- 9 yrs; 80% were @entity1 . The @entity1500 dose range was 8.7 +/- 1.5 mg/week and the mean duration of use was 16 +/- 18 months. In the non- @entity1500 @entity309 group, the mean age was 48 +/- 14 yrs, the mean disease duration was 13 +/- 9 yrs, and 87% were @entity1 . At baseline, the number of MN were significantly higher in @entity309 @entity1 as compared with controls (3.31 +/- 2.3 vs 0.8 +/- 0.8, p <0.001). No difference in MN numbers was observed between users and non-users of @entity1500 . @entity1501 supplementation did not decrease the MN number in the @entity1500 treated @entity309 @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Genotoxicity, as assessed by the MN assay, is increased in @entity309 @entity1 . These results suggest that genotoxicity is associated with @entity309 itself and not with @entity1500 use. @entity1501 supplementation had no effect on the number of MN.

title: Genotoxicity assessment using micronuclei assay in XXXX @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1501 :: ('MESH:D005492', 'Chemical') :: ['folic acid', 'Folic acid']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA']

answer: @entity309 :: (MESH:D001172,Disease) :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']


abstract: 1. Two strains of single comb White Leghorn birds, one susceptible to @entity1560 (UCD-003) and a normal commercial strain, were injected with @entity11543 and the extent of hepatic lipid peroxidation that occurred was estimated by measuring concentrations of @entity1234 ( @entity1865 ). 2. Higher concentrations of @entity1865 were found in the livers of the UCD-003 strain than in the normal birds after injection of @entity11543 . No differences were found in the activities of @entity2041 peroxidase, @entity224 dismutase and @entity59892 in the livers of untreated birds of either strain. 3. The degree of unsaturation of the fats in the livers of the two strains was similar. However, the UCD-003 birds had a significantly higher content of liver fat than the normal birds. The increased concentrations of liver fat could account for the increased lipid peroxidation in the UCD-003 birds. 4. The increased incidence of @entity548 that occurs in the UCD-003 birds may be caused by the increased susceptibility of these birds to hepatic lipid peroxidation.

title: Enhanced induction of hepatic lipid peroxidation by XXXX in chickens susceptible to @entity1560 .

entities_list: @entity1560 :: ('MESH:D005234', 'Disease') :: ['fatty liver rupture']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['liver haemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity2041 :: ('MESH:D005978', 'Chemical') :: ['glutathione']

entities_list: @entity11543 :: ('MESH:C020326', 'Chemical') :: ['iron nitrilotriacetate']

entities_list: @entity1234 :: ('MESH:D008315', 'Chemical') :: ['malondialdehyde']

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide']

answer: @entity11543 :: (MESH:C020326,Chemical) :: ['ferric nitrilotriacetate']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Ceftazidime and the b-lactamase inhibitor avibactam constitute a new, potentially highly active combination in the battle against ESBL-producing bacteria. To determine possible clinical use, it is important to know pharmacokinetic profiles of the compounds, also related to each other in plasma and different compartments of @entity281 in experimental animals and @entity1 . We used a neutropenic @entity19 thigh- and @entity358 model to study pharmacokinetics in plasma and epithelial lining fluid (ELF). @entity19 were infected with ca. 10(6) CFU of @entity796 intramuscularly per thigh or intra-nasally to cause @entity55 and given 8 different (single) subcutaneous doses of ceftazidime and avibactam in various combined concentrations, ranging from 1 to 128 mg/kg in two-fold increases. Concomitant samples of serum and bronchoalveolar lavage were taken for up to 12 time points until 6 h after administration. Pharmacokinetics of both compounds were linear and dose-proportional in plasma and ELF, independent of @entity281 -type, with estimated half-lives (SD in plasma of ceftazidime 0.28 (0.02) h and avibactam 0.24 (0.04) h and volumes of distribution 0.80 (0.14) and 1.18 (0.34) L/kg. The ELF-plasma AUC ratio (SE) was 0.24 (0.03) for total and 0.27 (0.03) for unbound ceftazidime; for avibactam the ratios were 0.20 (0.02) and 0.22 (0.02), respectively. No pharmacokinetic interaction between ceftazidime and avibactam was observed. Ceftazidime and avibactam showed linear plasma pharmacokinetics independent of dose-combinations used or @entity281 -site in @entity19 . Assuming pharmacokinetic similarity in @entity1 , this indicates that similar dose ratios of ceftazidime and avibactam could be used for different @entity281 .

title: Pharmacokinetics and Penetration of Ceftazidime and Avibactam into Epithelial Lining Fluid (ELF) in Thigh- and Lung-Infected XXXX .

entities_list: @entity796 :: ('287', 'Species') :: ['Pseudomonas aeruginosa']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection', 'infection-types and sites of infection']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['lung-infection']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['Mice']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The pathophysiology of @entity4373 ( @entity4373 ) is unclear. The authors evaluated the skin and muscle biopsies from @entity1 with @entity4373 for @entity455 . METHODS: Skin biopsy specimens from four @entity1 ages 18 months, 8 years, 9 years, and 18 years and muscle biopsies from two of these @entity1 were examined by electron microscopy and compared with healthy controls. RESULTS: @entity455 were found in both skin and muscle. Skin biopsies showed @entity854 in all four @entity1 . Vacuoles were visible in the endothelium. The most striking abnormality was the presence in the tunica media of small and unevenly shaped vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) containing intracytoplasmic vacuoles and, occasionally, apoptotic nuclei, with variations according to @entity1 age. Moreover, most VSMCs had lost junctions with neighboring cells, and some were completely isolated. In vessels from muscle biopsies, the VSMCs showed vacuoles, residual osmiophilic deposits, and @entity393 with substitution by vacuoles. CONCLUSIONS: The @entity455 in our @entity1 suggest a primary or secondary vascular pathophysiology to @entity4373 . The vascular smooth muscle cells may be the initial target of the disease process.

title: Small vessel abnormalities in XXXX : pathophysiologic implications.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['Vascular abnormalities', 'vascular abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity4373 :: ('MESH:C536589', 'Disease') :: ['AHC', 'alternating hemiplegia of childhood']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['similar abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['myofilament loss']

answer: @entity4373 :: (MESH:C536589,Disease) :: ['alternating hemiplegia of childhood']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity2903 is a novel oral alkylating agent, active against @entity320 . Combinations of chemotherapy and biological response modifiers have been associated with increased antitumour activity. A multicentre phase II study was performed to assess the activity and @entity137 of @entity2903 in combination with interferon alpha-2b. @entity1 AND METHODS: Eligible @entity1 had histologically confirmed @entity320 . Previously untreated @entity1 received @entity2903 administered orally at a dose of 150 mg/m/day for 5 days every 4 weeks, in combination with interferon given continuously subcutaneously twice a week at a dose of 10 MU/m. Treatment continued until disease progression or for a maximum of 12 months. RESULTS: From June 1999 to August 2002, 27 eligible @entity1 were included in the study at six centres. Median age was 59 (28-77) years; 17 male and 10 female @entity1 were recruited; the median Karnofsky performance score was 90 (70-100); three @entity1 had received prior adjuvant interferon; the majority of @entity1 had fewer than three involved sites. A total of 96 cycles were administered; there were one complete response, four partial response and five stable disease (overall response rate: 18.5%, 95% confidence interval: 6.3-38.1). All responses were seen in @entity1 with exclusively lymph node and pulmonary disease [M1a (one @entity1 ); M1b (four @entity1 )]. The median response duration was 6.9 months. One @entity1 remains in complete remission at 4 years. The median time to progression and the median survival were 1.87 and 9.5 months, respectively. Haematological @entity137 was @entity1398 G-IV: 1, G-III: 4, @entity882 G-III: 2, and @entity417 G-III: 2. Predominant non-haematological @entity137 was hepatotoxicity G-III: 4. Other @entity137 were mild or moderate. Dose reduction was required for nine cycles of interferon, one of @entity2903 and two of both drugs. CONCLUSIONS: @entity2903 in combination with interferon is a well-tolerated palliative regimen that has moderate activity against @entity320 . Further evaluation of this regimen in comparative studies or in combination with other drugs is warranted.

title: Phase II multicentre study of @entity2903 in combination with interferon alpha-2b in metastatic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity2903 :: ('MESH:C047246', 'Chemical') :: ['Temozolomide', 'temozolomide']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic melanoma']

answer: @entity320 :: (MESH:D008545,Disease) :: ['malignant melanoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Endovascular @entity1028 repair (EVAR) has increasingly been performed for the last two decades. One of the anatomical exclusion criterion of EVAR is the presence of @entity715 within the infrarenal neck of an @entity439 . OBJECTIVE: To investigate the influence of proximal @entity135 morphology on clinical outcomes after EVAR. MATERIAL AND METHOD: The subjects were retrospectively recruited from all the @entity1 whom undergone EVAR in our institution between January 2010 and December 2012. The @entity1 with apparent @entity715 of more than 40% at proximal aortic neck were included Primary endpoints consisted of technical success and perioperative mortality. Secondary endpoints included adjuvant procedures at neck, procedural details, perioperative adverse events, ICU, and hospital stay. The late outcomes of stent grafts related complications were the presence of endoleak, @entity439 expansion, stent graft migration, stent graft @entity715 , @entity397 , secondary intervention rate, and conversion to open repair RESULTS: Twenty-one out of 145 @entity1 having @entity715 of more than 40% of circumferential aortic neck underwent EVAR. The mean follow-up was 15.4 months (range, 2-36 months). There was 100% technical success with no perioperative @entity204 . Adjuvant of aortic neck procedure was required in three @entity1 . One @entity1 developed graft limb occlusion. In addition, one @entity1 developed @entity1188 requiring long-term hemodialysis and two @entity1 presented with @entity9971 and trash feet. During late follow-up, three, five, and two @entity1 had a @entity1070 at one, six, and 12 months, respectively without AAA sac expansion. There was no stent graft migration, stent graft @entity715 , or @entity397 . Three @entity1 expired during the late follow-up. In addition, there was neither conversion to opened repair nor secondary intervention. CONCLUSION: The presence of @entity135 may not be a contraindication for EVAR in selected @entity1 . However, it seems to negatively influence the outcomes in the aspect of @entity8 , which could be prevented during EVAR procedure. There was no adverse graft-related complication, secondary intervention, or @entity439 -related mortality during mid-term follow-up period.

title: Outcomes of XXXX with @entity135 after @entity1028 repair.

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['aortic neck thrombus']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal and peripheral embolization']

entities_list: @entity1070 :: ('MESH:D057867', 'Disease') :: ['type II endoleak']

entities_list: @entity9971 :: ('MESH:D018438', 'Disease') :: ['blue toe syndrome']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity397 :: ('MESH:D012421', 'Disease') :: ['ruptured AAA', 'AAA rupture']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['renal infarction']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombus', 'thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity1028 :: ('MESH:D017544', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal aortic aneurysm']

answer: @entity1028 :: (MESH:D017544,Disease) :: ['abdominal aortic aneurysm']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the cases of @entity417 in obstetric practice, and to highlight their problems in pregnancy as well as their contribution to maternal and foetal outcome in Nigeria. We believe that the findings would be useful for designing interventions to reduce the obstetric burden of @entity3458 . @entity1 AND MATERIALS: The service delivery record of 42 pregnancies in 39 @entity1 with @entity3458 was retrospectively reviewed at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital (UBTH) between January 2000 and December 2004. RESULTS: The incidence of @entity3458 in the study was 8.7/1000 deliveries. Nearly 62% of the @entity1 were aged 25-34 years, while 76.2% were either nulliparous (Para O) or primiparous (Para 1). There was one grandmultipara (2.38%). @entity417 (95.25%), @entity311 (33.33%), @entity158 crisis (23.81%), and @entity55 (19.05%) in that order of frequency were the most common complications of pregnancy. The perinatal mortality rate was 250 per 1000 births while the maternal mortality rate was 47.6 per 1000 pregnancies. At delivery, 20% of cases had caesarean section (5% elective and 15% emergency) and the instrumental interventions include 12.5% vacuum and 27.5% forceps respectively. CONCLUSION: Early booking, good antenatal care and supervised hospital delivery produced a better obstetric outcome.

title: Pregnancy outcome in XXXX with sickle cell - a five year review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity417 :: ('MESH:D000740', 'Disease') :: ['Anaemia', 'sickle cell anaemia']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity3458 :: ('MESH:D000755', 'Disease') :: ['sickle cell disease']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['Bone pain']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: BACKGROUND: It has been previously reported that structural and functional brain connectivity in individuals with @entity72 ( @entity72 ) is atypical and may vary with age. However, to date, no measures of functional connectivity measured within the first 2  years have specifically associated with a later @entity72 diagnosis. METHODS: In the present study, we analyzed functional brain connectivity in 14-month-old @entity1 at high and low familial risk for @entity72 using electroencephalography (EEG). EEG was recorded while @entity1 attended to videos. Connectivity was assessed using debiased weighted phase lag index (dbWPLI). At 36  months, the high-risk @entity1 were assessed for symptoms of @entity72 . RESULTS: As a group, high-risk @entity1 who were later diagnosed with @entity72 demonstrated elevated phase-lagged alpha-range connectivity as compared to both low-risk @entity1 and high-risk @entity1 who did not go on to @entity72 . @entity2597 was most prominent over frontal and central areas. The degree of @entity2597 at 14  months strongly correlated with the severity of restricted and @entity146 in @entity1 with @entity72 at 3  years. These effects were not attributable to differences in behavior during the EEG session or to differences in spectral power. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that early @entity2597 in the alpha frequency range is an important feature of the @entity72 neurophysiological phenotype.

title: EEG XXXX in high-risk @entity1 is associated with later autism.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity2597 :: ('MESH:D003240', 'Disease') :: ['Hyper-connectivity', 'hyper-connectivity']

entities_list: @entity72 :: ('MESH:D002659', 'Disease') :: ['ASD', 'autism spectrum disorders']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['repetitive behaviors']

answer: @entity2597 :: (MESH:D003240,Disease) :: ['hyper-connectivity']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Hyperbaric 5% @entity3303 has been associated with @entity16 ( @entity16 ) after spinal anesthesia. A prospective, masked, randomized study was conducted to compare the incidence of @entity16 after spinal anesthesia with hyperbaric 5% @entity3303 or 5% @entity5403 to assess the utility of @entity5403 as an alternative to @entity3303 in @entity1 having short surgical procedures. METHODS: The number of @entity1 to be enrolled (100 per group) was determined by power analysis (80%, P = 0.05) considering an incidence of @entity16 after spinal anesthesia with @entity3303 of at least 11% according to data reported in other studies. Two hundred @entity1 scheduled for elective surgery expected to last <60 min were allocated at random to receive spinal anesthesia with hyperbaric 5% @entity3303 or hyperbaric 5% @entity5403 . Three to 5 days after spinal anesthesia, all @entity1 were interviewed by an anesthesiologist who was blinded to the group assignment and details of the anesthetic and surgical technique using a standardized symptom checklist. @entity1 with symptoms underwent neurologic examination. RESULTS: Both groups were comparable with regard to demographic data and details of the surgical and anesthetic procedures. The incidence of @entity16 in both groups was low and differences were not found (4% in the @entity3303 group and 1% in the @entity5403 group). The mean age of @entity1 with @entity16 (58 yr) was higher than that of @entity1 without @entity16 (48 yr; P < 0.05). No relation with any of the other variables was found. CONCLUSIONS: The low incidence of @entity16 among @entity3303 -anesthetized @entity1 (4%) may account for the lack of significant differences between hyperbaric 5% @entity3303 and 5% @entity5403 and to the insufficient power of the study to exclude the possibility of a type II error.

title: Incidence of @entity16 after hyperbaric subarachnoid anesthesia with 5% XXXX and 5% @entity5403 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['TNSs', 'transient neurologic symptoms']

entities_list: @entity3303 :: ('MESH:D008012', 'Chemical') :: ['lidocaine']

entities_list: @entity5403 :: ('MESH:D011318', 'Chemical') :: ['prilocaine']

answer: @entity3303 :: (MESH:D008012,Chemical) :: ['lidocaine']


abstract: A variety of molecules released by inflammatory reactions in the dorsal root and dorsal root ganglion (DRG) may play important roles in the pathology of @entity528 in @entity890 . In order to elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms of @entity158 , @entity890 , we evaluated @entity158 -related behavior and the change of @entity2137 ( @entity2137 ) and @entity2136 ( @entity2136 ) expression in the DRG and dorsal root using a @entity35 model of @entity890 . In the nucleus pulposus (NP) group, the left L4/5 nerve roots were exposed after hemilaminectomies and autologous intervertebral discs, which were obtained from coccygeal intervertebral discs, were implanted on each of the exposed nerve roots without mechanical compression. @entity35 in the NP group, but not the sham-operated @entity35 , developed mechanical @entity1931 on the ipsilateral hind paw for 1 day after surgery and showed a significant increase in the number of @entity2137 -immunoreactive (IR) cells in the nerve root and DRG. @entity2137 -IR cells in the nerve root and DRG included macrophages and Schwann cells, because these cells were labeled for @entity2137 and ED-1 or glial fibrillary acid protein by dual immunostaining. A significant increase in the percentage of @entity2136 -IR neurons in the DRG was observed in the NP group at 3 days after surgery and the increase in @entity2136 mRNA expression was confirmed using in situ hybridization histochemistry and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. We also injected @entity2137 into the endoneurial space of the normal @entity35 spinal nerve root and found that the @entity2137 injection produced dose-dependent mechanical @entity1931 on the ipsilateral hind paw at 1 day after surgery and an increase in the percentage of @entity2136 -IR neurons in the DRG at 3 days after surgery compared to the group receiving saline injection. These findings suggest that in the @entity890 model, i.e. @entity5013 of the nerve root, increased @entity2137 produced by the inflammatory responses in the dorsal root and DRG tissues may affect the production of @entity2136 in the DRG and may play important roles in the modulation of the dorsal horn neurons. These changes in neurotrophic factors in the primary afferents may be involved in the pathophysiological mechanisms of @entity9 produced by @entity890 .

title: Expression of neurotrophic factors in the dorsal root ganglion in a @entity35 model of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2136 :: ('24225(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['BDNF', 'brain-derived neurotrophic factor']

entities_list: @entity1931 :: ('MESH:D006930', 'Disease') :: ['allodynia']

entities_list: @entity9 :: ('MESH:D009437', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathic pain']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['painful radiculopathy', 'pain']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['neuronal abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity890 :: ('MESH:D007405', 'Disease') :: ['secondary to lumbar disc herniation', 'lumbar disc herniation']

answer: @entity890 :: (MESH:D007405,Disease) :: ['lumbar disc herniation']


abstract: After treatment with @entity1 normal IgM, 78 +/- 8% of purified CD3- @entity2940 + resting @entity1 NK cells and 93 +/- 6% of @entity1199 -activated NK cells selected by adherence to plastic reacted with @entity2823 -goat anti-human IgM. Binding of IgM to the FcR for IgM (Fc mu R) on @entity1 NK cells was not species specific because @entity19 @entity1582 IgM also bound to these cells. The percentage of @entity2940 + cells binding IgM after incubation with anti- @entity4071 mAb was similar to that of cells incubated with medium alone (95 +/- 1% vs 93 +/- 4%). Binding of anti- @entity4071 mAb to @entity4071 on NK cells was unaffected by pretreatment with IgM (65 +/- 12% vs 69 +/- 4%). The @entity4587 molecule has been reported to be the Fc mu R on the surface of T cells. Two-color flow cytometry showed that 94 +/- 3% of CD3- @entity2940 + resting NK cells and 71 +/- 16% of activated NK cells were @entity4587 +. Preincubation of NK cells with three anti- @entity4587 mAb ( @entity4587 , 8H8-1, and LAU-A1) failed to block the binding of IgM to the Fc mu R. Modulation of the @entity4587 molecule off the cell surface ( @entity4587 + = 1.5% +/- 0.3) did not reduce IgM binding, thus excluding the possibility that IgM anti- @entity4587 might bind to different epitopes of the same molecule. These data indicate that the Fc mu R is a specific Ig-binding structure, distinct from the @entity4071 ( @entity4071 ) or @entity4587 . The Fc mu R on NK cells functions as a signal-transducing molecule because the addition of 0.2 mg/ml IgM to R-NK cells caused a rapid increase in [ @entity141 ]i (delta = 40 nM). One of the early events that followed signaling through the Fc mu R was the down-modulation of @entity379 gene expression and @entity379 production in NK cells. The presence of IgM during culture of NK cells consistently decreased the expression of HLA-DR (16% vs 40% in control). Thus, the Fc mu R, a constitutively-expressed receptor on @entity1 NK cells, seems to be an important functional molecule, which delivers negative regulatory signals to NK cells.

title: Characterization of the Fc mu receptor on @entity1 natural killer cells. Interaction with its physiologic ligand, XXXX normal IgM, specificity of binding, and functional effects.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: Background. To explore possible correlation between serum @entity880 dehydrogenase (SLDH) levels and @entity356 . Materials and Methods. We retrospectively reviewed 365 @entity1 with @entity356 . The correlation of SLDH levels with clinicopathologic features and survival rate was studied. Results. SLDH levels were closely associated with the pathological (p) T stage (P = 0.011), @entity3 (P = 0.012), pTNM stage (P = 0.001), and recurrence (P = 0.012). Moreover, we found a significant SLDH level difference among Borrmann type (P = 0.027), pT stage (P = 0.004), lymph node @entity3 (P = 0.027), @entity3 (P < 0.001), pTNM stage (P = 0.006), and recurrence (P = 0.002). In addition, we detected a significant SLDH level difference between alive and dead subgroups (P = 0.001). In addition, both univariate analysis and multivariate analysis showed that high SLDH levels were independent prognostic factor. For the subgroup with normal LDH (median point of 157.0   U/L), we detected that the subset with SLDH levels >= 157   U/L (158-245   U/L) showed poorer OS (P = 0.005) and DFS (P = 0.01) than that of  <=157 subgroup. Conclusions. Our results suggest that high SLDH level could be an independent poor prognostic biomarker. @entity356 @entity1 with relative high SLDH level (158-245   U/L) were prone to develop a shorter OS and DFS.

title: The clinicopathologic importance of serum lactic dehydrogenase in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer', 'Gastric cancer']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['gastric cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Morbidly @entity28 @entity1 have been reported to present with @entity560 insufficiency and @entity3528 . Scattered data are available regarding the effects of bariatric surgery on @entity560 status. We studied @entity460 metabolism and @entity560 status before and after bariatric surgery. METHODS: In this prospective study, 64 @entity1 (M5/F59) fulfilled the inclusion criteria (i.e. 2 @entity14951 serum determinations in the winter season) among 457 morbidly @entity28 individuals who underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP) a mean of 36 months previously. Laboratory data (serum @entity460 , @entity3151 , @entity1011 , alkaline phosphatase, albumin, @entity14951 , albumin and iPTH) were determined before and after RYGBP. Pre- and postoperative @entity14951 levels were categorized as being normal (>50 nmol/L), insufficient (25-50 nmol/L), and deficient (<25 nmol/L). Pre- and postoperative mild @entity3528 was defined as iPTH >7.3 pmol/L with simultaneous normal values for @entity1011 , @entity460 and @entity3151 . RESULTS: RYGBP produced a significant weight loss coupled with a simultaneous increase in @entity14951 (+28%, P<0.0005) and decrements in total alkaline phosphatase (-53%, P<0.0005) and iPTH (-74%, P=0.001). Corrected serum @entity460 , @entity3151 , and @entity1011 levels were indistinguishable before and after RYGBP. Additionally, 37.5% of the @entity1 maintained their @entity14951 category, while 42.2 % improved it and 20.3% lost one category. CONCLUSIONS: RYGBP does not completely correct pre-existing @entity560 deficient states with @entity3528 . Low @entity14951 bioavailability and or insufficient sunlight exposure do probably persist after bariatric surgery. While randomized controlled studies are warranted, it seems advisable to support @entity560 supplementation as well as increasing sunlight exposure in the morbidly @entity28 population.

title: Effects of bariatric surgery on @entity560 status and XXXX : a prospective study.

entities_list: @entity3528 :: ('MESH:D006962', 'Disease') :: ['secondary hyperparathyroidism']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity3151 :: ('MESH:D010758', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphorus']

entities_list: @entity14951 :: ('MESH:D002112', 'Chemical') :: ['calcidiol']

entities_list: @entity560 :: ('MESH:D014807', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin D']

answer: @entity3528 :: (MESH:D006962,Disease) :: ['secondary hyperparathyroidism']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Preservation of parasympathetic and sympathetic nerves is required to avoid urogenital function disturbances after @entity348 ( @entity348 ) for @entity189 . This study sought to determine whether intraoperative stimulation of parasympathetic nerves with monitoring of @entity1494 is useful in meeting this demand. STUDY DESIGN: In a prospective pilot study, 17 @entity1 , 11 @entity1 and 6 @entity1 , underwent @entity348 with pelvic autonomic nerve preservation performed by an experienced surgeon. The parasympathetic nerves were stimulated by an electrostimulation device (Screener 3625, Medronic), and the resulting @entity1494 was measured manometrically in all @entity1 . Variations in pulse rate and voltage were measured to determine optimal stimulation parameters. A standardized questionnaire was used to record urogenital function disturbances. Residual urine volume was measured by ultrasound pre- and postoperatively. Shortterm outcomes data were evaluated to establish a possible association between intraoperative test results and @entity1494 . RESULTS: In 15 of 17 @entity1 undergoing @entity348 with pelvic autonomic nerve preservation for @entity189 , the parasympathetic nerves were identified based on nerve stimulation-induced @entity1494 . Two @entity1 with negative results on intraoperative nerve stimulation had persisting @entity1494 requiring an indwelling catheter after discharge from hospital. In spite of a short median followup of 2 months (range 1 to 4 months), in 7 of 10 @entity1 with intact erectile function prior to surgery, postoperative @entity323 could be excluded. The study showed a pulse rate of 35 Hz and an electric potential of 12 V to be optimal stimulation parameters, associated with a mean intravesical pressure rise of 12.7 cm @entity2507 (range 2.8 to 18.0 cm @entity2507 ). CONCLUSIONS: Intraoperative nerve stimulation with monitoring of intravesical pressure represents a technically simple procedure for the identification and verification of function of pelvic parasympathetic nerves during @entity348 for @entity189 .

title: Intraoperative identification and neurophysiologic parameters to verify pelvic autonomic nerve function during XXXX for rectal cancer.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity323 :: ('MESH:D007172', 'Disease') :: ['erectile dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative bladder function', 'bladder dysfunction', 'bladder contraction']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['rectal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity348 :: ('MESH:C535338', 'Disease') :: ['TME', 'total mesorectal excision']

answer: @entity348 :: (MESH:C535338,Disease) :: ['total mesorectal excision']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 4271 Background: In vitro studies in our lab demonstrated @entity137 with 5FUR, @entity136 , and @entity1205 (GTX) against @entity1 PC lines with mutant @entity876 , activated ras and deleted @entity986 . This increased @entity589 and decreased @entity1836 levels by a @entity876 independent mechanism involving the MAPK pathway with decreased ERK phosphorylation. METHODS: We performed a retrospective chart review of all identifiable @entity1 treated with GTX by the authors. (The regimen consists of @entity416 1000mg/m(2)/day total as BID doses days 1-14; on days 4 and 11 @entity136 (750 mg/m(2)/IV over 75 min) and @entity1205 (30 mg/m(2) ) are given IV. Response rates were measured per WHO criteria; survival was dated from the first GTX treatment. RESULTS: We treated 35 metastatic @entity788 @entity1 with GTX chemotherapy dating from 2001 onwards. 94% of @entity1 had @entity3 in the liver. We did not exclude @entity1 for poor performance status. Of these, 28 completed at least three cycles of chemotherapy and were considered evaluable for response. At the metastatic sites, there were 3 CR and 11 PR for a 50% response rate. (40% on intent-to-treat basis). At the primary @entity5 (n=25, 3 pts had Whipple), there were 4 CR and 6 PR for a 40% response rate (31% on intent-to-treat basis). 34% of @entity1 were previously treated with @entity136 based regimens. Median survival for all 35 is at least 8.6 months and 10.5 months for those who complete 3 cycles. The longest survivor is alive at 1056 days. @entity137 were mild; of 32 @entity1 evaluated for @entity137 , there were 6 grade 3-4 @entity1431 ; 3 grade 3-4 @entity417 ; 5 grade 3-4 @entity882 . Ten @entity1 experienced @entity8566 , 11 @entity1 abdominal cramps, 17 @entity1 had @entity294 . There were 2 grade 4 @entity281 (no deaths). 14 of 18 (78%) @entity1 with an elevated CA 19-9 had greater than a 90% drop. In general, the regimen was well tolerated by @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: The GTX regimen represents a potential advance in the treatment of metastatic @entity788 . It demonstrates an excellent response rate and superior survival of an extremely poor prognosis group of @entity1 . A prospective phase II trial is in progress and a phase III trial is being planned. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: GTX chemotherapy for metastatic XXXX : Response, survival, and @entity137 data.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['Toxicities', 'toxicity', 'synergistic cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity416 :: ('MESH:C110904', 'Chemical') :: ['capecitabine']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenias']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['gemcitabine']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity1431 :: ('MESH:D007970', 'Disease') :: ['leukopenias']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity8566 :: ('MESH:D060831', 'Disease') :: ['hand-foot syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1205 :: ('MESH:C067311', 'Chemical') :: ['docetaxel']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatic cancer']


abstract: Gaps and disparities in delivery of @entity712 education by nurses and performance in accomplishing self-care behaviors by @entity1 with advanced @entity712 may be factors in clinical decompensation and unplanned consumption of health care. Is nurse-led education effectively delivered before hospital discharge? Nurse leaders must understand the strength of nurses' knowledge base related to self-care principles and important barriers to best practice. Nurses may not be comfortable teaching @entity1 about dry weight, meal planning, @entity712 medications, or progressive steps of activity and exercise. Further, clinical nurses may not have time to provide in-depth education to @entity1 before discharge. Equally important, research is needed to learn about factors that enhance @entity1 ' adherence to @entity712 self-care behaviors, because adherence to recommendations of national, evidence-based, @entity712 guidelines improves clinical outcomes. Thus, nurses and @entity1 are on parallel paths related to setting the foundation for improved self-care adherence in advanced @entity712 . Through research, we found that nurses were not adequately prepared as @entity712 educators and that @entity1 did not believe they were able to control @entity712 . In 2 educational intervention studies that aimed to help @entity1 understand that they could control fluid management and follow a strict daily fluid limit, @entity1 had improved clinical outcomes. Thus, misperceptions about @entity712 can be overcome with interventions that move beyond communicating "what" self-care behaviors are recommended. Research results reflect that evidence matters! Systems and processes are needed to support nurses' knowledge, comfort, and frequency in delivering self-care education before discharge, increase the accuracy of @entity1 ' beliefs about controlling @entity712 , and enhance @entity1 ' desire to adhere to guideline-recommended @entity712 self-care behaviors. This article describes the development of the parallel paths of nurse and @entity1 programs of research and explores translation of findings into practice and development of clinical translational research.

title: Parallel paths to improve XXXX outcomes: evidence matters.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['heart failure']


abstract: 1. The effects of platelet activating factor (PAF) have been studied on the cervical tracheal vasculature and smooth muscle of anaesthetized @entity742 . 2. The predominant action of PAF (2 pmol-2nmol) was a dose-dependent fall in tracheal vascular resistance. The maximum fall in resistance was -41.6% (-38.5 to -44.7%, 95% confidence interval) and the ED50 was 17 pmol (12-28 pmol). @entity45158 (200 pmol) did not change vascular resistance. 3. PAF had no effect on tracheal smooth muscle tone assessed by measuring changes in the external diameter of the @entity825 . 4. The fall in vascular resistance produced with PAF was unaffected by the anti- @entity565 drug nedocromil @entity1372 (1 mg, i.a.), the cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor @entity3352 (5 mg kg-1, i.v.), the @entity4352 receptor antagonist @entity1439 (2 mg kg-1, i.v.), or a combination of the @entity112 H1- and H2-antagonists @entity8765 (2 mg kg-1, i.v.) with @entity4444 (5 mg kg-1, i.v.). The PAF antagonist @entity6849 (300 micrograms kg-1, i.v.) significantly reduced the vasodilatation produced by @entity5567 (before, -40.8 +/- 4.2%; after -16.5 +/- 5.9%, P less than 0.05). 5. Thus in this model, PAF is a potent vasodilator of the tracheal circulation but has no action on tracheal smooth muscle. The vasodilatation is mediated by specific PAF receptors and is not due to the release of @entity2918 , @entity4443 or @entity112 .

title: Mechanisms of platelet activating factor-induced changes in XXXX tracheal blood flow.

entities_list: @entity4444 :: ('MESH:D002927', 'Chemical') :: ['cimetidine']

entities_list: @entity4443 :: ('MESH:D015289', 'Chemical') :: ['leukotrienes']

entities_list: @entity2918 :: ('MESH:D011453', 'Chemical') :: ['prostanoids']

entities_list: @entity4352 :: ('CHEBI:25029', 'Chemical') :: ['leukotriene']

entities_list: @entity8765 :: ('MESH:D011738', 'Chemical') :: ['mepyramine']

entities_list: @entity112 :: ('MESH:D006632', 'Chemical') :: ['histamine']

entities_list: @entity3352 :: ('MESH:D007213', 'Chemical') :: ['indomethacin']

answer: @entity742 :: (9940,Species) :: ['sheep']