abstract: Immunohistochemical and histochemical methods are increasingly used and their application in surgical pathology is obvious. Especially we used these methods on bone marrow core biopsies. Optimal and comparable results have been obtained by using different methods after halving the biopsy cores longitudinally and/or transversally. The two halves were used for cytologic imprints. Two parts of the biopsy cores were embedded in @entity17085 at low temperature (-20 degrees C). The @entity11379 -embedded biopsy part for routine histology was fixed in Schaffer's solution ( @entity1042 - @entity406 -fixative). The @entity11379 -embedded undecalcified section of 4 microns may be stained by most stains commonly employed in routine histopathology after removal of the plastic. The sections are virtually free of artefacts such as shrinkage and swelling in the light microscope. The second @entity11379 -embedded part of biopsy cores was fixed in 2% @entity1604 with 5% @entity969 in 0.02 M @entity1391 buffer (pH 7.4) and dehydrated in ethyleneglycolmonobutylether. All procedures were carried out at 4 degrees C. This method permits the use of immunohistochemical and histochemical procedures. The immunohistochemistry was carried out at sections of 4 microns after removal of the plastic with @entity17086 and use of proteolytic enzyme (0.1% alpha-chymotrypsin) to unmask antigens in sections. Surface and intracellular immunoglobulins were very well detected with the indirect @entity2823 method. The histochemical procedures are carried out at sections of 7-8 microns after removal of plastic with @entity11574 and toluol. The sections were incubated for specific esterase and nonspecific esterases, acid and alkaline phosphatase and then examined by light microscopy. A third part of biopsy cores may be immediately frozen, and cryostat sections are stained and evaluated for rapid diagnosis and used for immunohistologic analysis with mono- and polyclonal antibodies ( @entity2823 method) and/or histochemical investigations. Imprints of biopsy cores are evaluated for cytological, cytochemical and/or immunocytological analysis with mono- and polyclonal antibodies ( @entity2823 method). The cryostat sections and the imprints are fixed for all methods with 2% @entity1604 and 5% @entity969 in PBS (0.02 M, pH 7.4) at 4 degrees C for 30 minutes. The best diagnostic results were obtained in the myelo- and @entity1071 using the combination of methods described here. Examples were demonstrated.

title: [Immuno- and enzymehistochemical studies of XXXX -embedded biopsy material, especially iliac crest biopsies].

entities_list: @entity17085 :: ('MESH:C030613', 'Chemical') :: ['polymethacrylate']

entities_list: @entity1071 :: ('MESH:D008232', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoproliferative disorders']

entities_list: @entity11379 :: ('CHEBI:25218', 'Chemical') :: ['methacrylate']

entities_list: @entity1042 :: ('MESH:D000432', 'Chemical') :: ['methanol']

entities_list: @entity406 :: ('MESH:D005557', 'Chemical') :: ['formalin']

entities_list: @entity969 :: ('MESH:D013395', 'Chemical') :: ['sucrose']

entities_list: @entity1391 :: ('CHEBI:26020', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphate']

entities_list: @entity1604 :: ('MESH:C003043', 'Chemical') :: ['paraformaldehyde']

entities_list: @entity17086 :: ('CHEBI:52090', 'Chemical') :: ['methoxide']

answer: @entity11379 :: (CHEBI:25218,Chemical) :: ['methacrylate']


abstract: Phosphodiesterase (PDE) 4 inhibitors are a class of drugs that can provide novel therapies for @entity565 and @entity1030 . Their development is frequently hampered by the induction of vascular @entity137 in @entity35 mesenteric tissue during preclinical studies. Whereas these @entity455 in @entity35 have been well characterized histologically, little is known about their pathogenesis and in turn, sensitive and specific biomarkers for preclinical and clinical monitoring do not exist. In order to investigate the early molecular mechanisms underlying @entity1317 , time-course studies were performed by treating @entity35 for 2-24 h with high doses of the PDE4 inhibitor @entity11958 . Transcriptomics analyses in mesenteric tissue were performed using oligonucleotide microarray and real-time RT-PCR technologies and compared to histopathological observations. In addition, protein measurements were performed in serum samples to identify soluble biomarkers of @entity1317 . Our results indicate that molecular alterations preceded the histological observations of inflammatory and @entity39 in mesenteric arteries. Some gene expression changes suggest that the development of the lesions could follow a primary modulation of the vascular tone in response to the pharmacological effect of the compound. Activation of genes coding for pro- and antioxidant enzymes, cytokines, adhesion molecules, and @entity6930 ( @entity6930 ) indicates that biomechanical stimuli may contribute to vascular oxidant stress, @entity32 , and tissue remodeling. @entity6930 appeared to be an early and sensitive predictive biomarker of the inflammatory and the tissue remodeling components of PDE4 inhibitor-induced @entity1317 .

title: Investigation of the molecular mechanisms preceding PDE4 inhibitor-induced @entity455 in @entity35 : XXXX , a potential predictive biomarker.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular lesions']

entities_list: @entity6930 :: ('116510(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['TIMP-1', 'tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrotic lesions']

entities_list: @entity1317 :: ('MESH:D057772', 'Disease') :: ['vascular injury']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease']

answer: @entity6930 :: (116510(Tax:10116),Gene) :: ['tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1']


abstract: The adverse consequences of @entity2124 ( @entity2124 ) deficiency (GHD) on bone growth in @entity1 is well described. Whether @entity4479 is associated with @entity604 is unknown. We evaluated 14 @entity1 with @entity2339 ( @entity2339 ) acquired during adulthood (5 @entity1 , 9 @entity1 ; mean age = 48.1 +/- 4.6 years; mean BMI = 28.8 +/- 1.7) and 14 age-, sex-, and weight-matched controls. Nine @entity2339 @entity1 were receiving gonadal @entity134 replacement therapy for a mean of 11 years. All subjects had basal @entity442 and @entity2301 levels prior to testing with @entity2124 -releasing hormone [1 microgram/kg IV bolus; responses expressed as maximum percentage increase above baseline (PERGH)]. Bone mineral density (BMD) of the spine, hip, and total body were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Mean BMD Z-scores of the @entity2339 @entity1 were significantly lower in the femoral neck, Ward's triangle, and trochanter than in controls (all P < 0.05). Mean total body BMD (g/cm2) was also lower in the @entity1 group (1.04 +/- 0.03 versus 1.13 +/- 0.03, P < 0.05). For the subgroup of @entity2339 @entity1 receiving conventional gonadal steroids, mean BMD Z-scores of the lumbar spine also were significantly lower than controls (-1.84 +/- 0.43 versus -0.57 +/- 0.46, P < 0.05). PERGH and @entity442 were correlated with Z-scores of the femoral neck (r = 0.47, P < 0.01; r = 0.45, P < 0.01) and Ward's triangle (r = 0.47, P < 0.01; r = 0.41, P < 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Low bone mineral density in adults with previous XXXX : correlations with serum @entity2124 responses to GH-releasing hormone, insulin-like growth factor I, and @entity2301 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'children', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity604 :: ('MESH:D016301', 'Disease') :: ['bone loss']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity2339 :: ('MESH:D007029', 'Disease') :: ['HPT', 'hypothalamic-pituitary tumors']

answer: @entity2339 :: (MESH:D007029,Disease) :: ['hypothalamic-pituitary tumors']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The best way to treat in-stent restenosis (ISR) after drug-eluting stent ( @entity4743 ) implantation remains unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate angiographic restenosis and @entity75 ( @entity75 ) at 8 months after intervention in @entity1 with @entity4743 -ISR, and to identify predictive factors of subsequent @entity75 after treatment of @entity4743 -ISR. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 100 @entity1 with 105 lesions underwent subsequent intervention for @entity4743 -ISR between April 2004 and January 2009. At baseline, focal and diffuse ISR were observed in 76.2% and 23.8%. @entity4743 -ISR was treated by five modalities: @entity3446 -eluting stent (n=42); @entity1311 -eluting stent (n=24); balloon angioplasty (n=23); cutting balloon angioplasty (n=14); and bare-metal stent (n=2). Angiographic follow-up data were available for 95 lesions (91%). The rates of angiographic restenosis and @entity75 were 37.9% and 33.3%. Late loss of @entity3446 -eluting stent, @entity1311 -eluting stent, cutting balloon, and balloon angioplasty were 0.50 mm, 0.49 mm, 0.93 mm, and 1.10 mm. By multivariate analysis, totally occluded ISR (OR 15.43, p=0.0005), @entity6 (OR 3.45, p=0.02), and re-stenting with @entity4743 (OR 0.14, p=0.0002) were identified as independent predictors of @entity75 . CONCLUSIONS: The restenosis rate was significant in this cohort of @entity1 with @entity4743 -ISR. Angiographic pattern of @entity4743 -ISR and @entity6 are the most important predictors of @entity75 , whereas re-stenting with @entity4743 is protective.

title: Predictor of subsequent XXXX in @entity1 with drug-eluting stent restenosis undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['TLR', 'target lesion revascularization']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity3446 :: ('MESH:D020123', 'Chemical') :: ['sirolimus']

answer: @entity75 :: (MESH:D001927,Disease) :: ['target lesion revascularization']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Current immunosuppressive therapies are effective to prevent acute rejection episodes (ARE) and @entity393 following renal transplantation. Newer agents now make it possible to develop equally efficacious but better tolerated, less toxic strategies. We compared the efficacy of early low- versus high-dose @entity205 ( @entity870 ) induction therapy in living donor renal transplantation. METHODS: In this single-center study, 90 consecutive recipients of living donor kidney transplants between November 2002 to October 2003 including 51 females and mean average age of 48.23 years were treated with either @entity870 (5 mg/kg/d) plus mycophenolae mofetil ( @entity2098 ; 30 mg/kg/d) and @entity617 (1 mg/kg/d; group 1; n=42); or @entity870 (8 mg/kg/d) plus @entity2098 (30 mg/kg/d) and @entity617 (1 mg/kg/d; group 2; n=48). The 2 groups were matched with respect to age, sex, underlying @entity8 , pretransplantation dialysis period, number of transplantations, and panel-reactive antibody tests. @entity870 dose tapering was initiated in the 2 group 3 months after transplantation. At the end of the first year, the @entity870 dose was 3.5 +/- 0.65 mg/kg in group 1 and 3.4 +/- 0.34 mg/kg in group 2. @entity617 was tapered within the first 2 months, reaching 10 mg/d in all @entity1 . The @entity2098 dose remained unchanged. The 2 groups were compared with respect to ARE, @entity1 and graft survivals, and clinical outcomes within 2 years after transplantation. RESULTS: There were no significant differences between the 2 groups with respect to clinical outcomes, including 2-year @entity1 survival (97.62% vs 97.92%; P=.76), 2-year graft survival (80.32% vs 80.41%; P=.82), ARE (47.61% vs 52.08%; P=.09), or length of immediate postsurgical hospital stay, number of readmissions, total hospitalization days, posttransplantation @entity6 , and @entity65 . There was more @entity101 (67.5% vs 50.23%; P=.007), @entity2298 (45.5% vs 32.64%; P=.005), and elevated liver enzymes in group 2 (12.5% vs 7.14%; P=.018). CONCLUSIONS: Compared with 8 mg/kg @entity870 induction therapy, the lower doses of @entity870 were effective, well tolerated, and safe with relatively fewer side effects.

title: Low-dose versus high-dose XXXX induction protocols in renal transplantation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2298 :: ('MESH:D015228', 'Disease') :: ['hypertriglyceridemia']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal diseases']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporine']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['graft loss']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['infectious, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and hematologic complications']

entities_list: @entity617 :: ('MESH:D011239', 'Chemical') :: ['Prednisolone', 'prednisolone']

answer: @entity205 :: (MESH:D016572,Chemical) :: ['cyclosporine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Understanding the pathophysiology of chemokine secretion in @entity46 may offer a novel area of therapeutic intervention. This study aimed to identify chemokines differentially expressed in epithelial glands in eutopic endometrium from normal @entity1 and those with @entity46 , and to establish the expression profiles of key chemokines in endometriotic lesions. METHODS: Laser capture microdissection isolated epithelial glands from endometrial eutopic tissue from @entity1 with and without @entity46 in the mid-secretory phase of their menstrual cycles. Gene profiling of the excised glands used a @entity1 chemokine and receptor cDNA array. Selected chemokines were further examined using real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: 22 chemokine/receptor genes were upregulated and two downregulated in pooled endometrial epithelium of @entity1 with @entity46 compared with controls. @entity3023 and @entity3024 mRNA was confirmed as elevated in some @entity1 with @entity46 compared to controls on individual samples. Immunoreactive @entity3023 and @entity3024 were predominantly confined to glands in eutopic and ectopic endometrium: leukocytes also stained. Immunoreactive @entity3023 was overall higher in glands in ectopic vs. eutopic endometrium from the same @entity1 (P < 0.05). Staining for @entity3023 and @entity3024 was highly correlated in individual tissues. CONCLUSION: This study provides novel candidate molecules and suggests a potential local role for @entity3023 and @entity3024 as mediators contributing to the inflammatory events associated with @entity46 .

title: Laser capture microdissection and cDNA array analysis of endometrium identify @entity3023 and @entity3024 as epithelial-derived inflammatory mediators associated with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'human', 'woman']

entities_list: @entity46 :: ('MESH:D004715', 'Disease') :: ['endometriosis']

answer: @entity46 :: (MESH:D004715,Disease) :: ['endometriosis']


abstract: Incidence and mortality of @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ) is very high in Iceland. Studies have shown increased incidence of incidentally diagnosed RCCs. The significans of incidental diagnosis relating to survival of @entity1358 @entity1 is not known. A retrospective population-based study was carried out on all @entity1 diagnosed with @entity1358 between 1971 and 1990 in Iceland. The aim of the study was to evaluate survival of @entity1358 @entity1 in Iceland with emphasis on incidental diagnosis. By incidental diagnosis we mean @entity5 that were detected due to imaging techniques or an operation for other than @entity1358 symptoms or signs. Of 236 males and 172 females diagnosed, 308 @entity1 underwent radical nephrectomy with operative mortality of 2.6%. The @entity5 were classified and staged by Robson's method. Crude probability of survival was evaluated for every stage and multivariate analysis used to find prognostic factors. 224 @entity1 presented with symptoms, the most common of which were @entity490 , @entity811 and @entity353 . Between 1971 and 1980 15% of the @entity1 were diagnosed incidentally and 20% between 1981 and 1990 (p>0.1), most often because of intravenous urography. Only 5 @entity5 were detected by ultrasound and 4 by CT-scans. Five year survival was 76% for stage I and 11% for stage IV. Advanced age, low haemoglobin and high ESR at diagnosis are significant independent risk factors of mortality in multivariate analysis. The year of diagnosis is not a significant prognostic factor after correction for stage. Survival of @entity1358 @entity1 in Iceland is comparable to that in neighbouring countries. @entity1 diagnosed incidentally have better survival because of a lower stage. The use of ultrasound and CT-scans has not significantly increased incidentally diagnosed @entity5 . Survival has remained the same for the last two decades.

title: [ XXXX in Iceland: 1971-1990. Survival and incidental diagnosis.]

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['renal cell carcinoma', 'RCC']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity811 :: ('MESH:D006417', 'Disease') :: ['hematuria']

answer: @entity1358 :: (MESH:D002292,Disease) :: ['Renal cell carcinoma']


abstract: We have used high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection to measure plasma and platelet @entity2661 in 24 normal subjects. In the same subjects platelet function was assessed by measuring platelet aggregation in response to @entity857 , @entity556 , adrenaline and collagen. Platelet sensitivity to @entity4770 was also examined. Platelet @entity1063 showed a positive correlation with extent of aggregation induced by 'low-dose' collagen (1 microgram/ml). No correlation was seen at the higher collagen concentration. Platelet @entity1063 content also correlated with sensitivity of platelets to @entity4770 . High platelet @entity1063 concentrations appeared to result in decreased sensitivity to @entity4770 . No other correlations were observed. These data suggest that platelet @entity1063 rather than plasma levels may be involved in modifying platelet function in vivo. Local release of platelet @entity2661 may affect the platelet/vessel wall interaction, the primary physiological step in platelet activation.

title: Platelet XXXX and platelet function in normal human subjects.

entities_list: @entity857 :: ('MESH:D000244', 'Chemical') :: ["adenosine 5'-pyrophosphate"]

entities_list: @entity4770 :: ('MESH:D011464', 'Chemical') :: ['prostacyclin']

entities_list: @entity2661 :: ('MESH:D002395', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamines']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['noradrenaline']

answer: @entity2661 :: (MESH:D002395,Chemical) :: ['catecholamines']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Urinary sediment examination and dipstick urinalysis are an integral part in evaluating @entity101 @entity1 . This study aims to determine the prevalence of @entity1494 and compare this result with dipstick urinalysis in @entity101 Nigerians. METHODS: 138 newly diagnosed, adult, @entity101 Nigerians were studied. They were compared with an age- and sex-matched non- @entity101 control group from the general population. The subjects' urine samples were analyzed by dipstick test and microscopy (bright field), enhanced by Sternheimer's stain. Significant sediments were defined as =3/hpf and dipstick @entity644 or @entity811 as =1+. RESULTS: Mean age was 43.21  9.64 yrs and 43.19  9.55 yrs in @entity1 and controls respectively with 76 (55%) males in the @entity1 and 80 (58%) in controls. Microscopic @entity811 (=3/hpf) was detected in 15.2% of the @entity1 and 3.6% of the control group (p=0.0009).Other elements present in insignificant quantities in @entity1 and controls, respectively, were: leukocytes (7.2%, 9.4%, p=0.513); hyaline casts (5.8%, 8%, p=0.476), granular casts (1.4%, 0%) and crystals (6.5%, 5.1%, p=0.606). Dipstick @entity644 with @entity811 was found in 6.55% and @entity644 alone in 1.45% of cases, while the control group showed 2.2% and 1.45% of @entity811 and @entity644 , respectively; 47.6% of @entity101 @entity1 with urinary sediment @entity811 were not detected by dipstick test. CONCLUSIONS: @entity101 Nigerians showed a high prevalence of microscopic @entity811 which may be suggestive of @entity8 at diagnosis. There is a high false-negative rate with dipstick urinalysis, underscoring the need for routine examination of urinary sediment in the assessment of @entity101 @entity1 .

title: Pattern of urinary sediments and comparison with dipstick urinalysis in XXXX Nigerians.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['sub-clinical kidney damage']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['Hypertensive', 'hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['urinary sediment abnormalities']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertensive']


abstract: In @entity4486 -anesthetized @entity235 with the left circumflex coronary artery perfused at constant flow, the effects of @entity3352 or @entity1623 on coronary and systemic responses to sympathetic and parasympathetic stimulation were evaluated. Sympathetic stimulation was evoked either by 1-min carotid artery occlusion or by @entity1425 (5 micrograms) or @entity1063 (5 micrograms) intracoronary administration. Reflex or direct parasympathetic stimulation was produced by ouabain (40 micrograms) or @entity934 (2.5 micrograms) injection, respectively, in the perfused coronary artery. The administration of @entity3352 or @entity1623 reduced the integrated areas of coronary vasodilatation induced by @entity1425 and @entity1063 . The extent of this reduction was dose-dependent with both @entity3352 ( @entity1425 : r = 0.774, n = 35, P less than .001; @entity1063 : r = 0.766, n = 35, P less than .001; @entity1063 : r = 0.799, n = 35, P less than .001) up to 1.5 and 7 mg/kg, respectively. Further increase in dosage of both @entity3009 synthesis inhibitors failed to induce further reduction of integrated areas of coronary vasodilatation. In contrast, the maximum fall in coronary perfusion pressure, induced by both @entity2661 , remained unmodified after inhibition of @entity3009 synthesis, whereas a faster return of the perfusion pressure to base line was observed. The extent of cyclooxygenase activity inhibition induced by @entity3352 or @entity1623 , assessed through the radioimmunoassay of @entity7489 , showed a consistent dose-dependent increase until complete inhibition was attained with 1.5 mg/kg of @entity3352 and 7 mg/kg of @entity1623 . No significant change in the coronary and systemic hemodynamic response induced by @entity432 and by @entity7832 or @entity934 intracoronary administration was observed. Furthermore, complete cyclooxygenase inhibition, induced by either @entity3352 or @entity1623 , was able to reduce the coronary vasodilatation induced by @entity3044 (5 micrograms) intracoronary injection but failed to modify the coronary vasoconstriction elicited by both @entity1425 and @entity1063 in @entity1169 -treated @entity235 . These data indicate that the @entity3009 system is involved in the coronary vasodilatation induced by humoral sympathetic stimulation, whereas coronary hemodynamic responses to both neural sympathetic or parasympathetic stimulation are not influenced by the administration of @entity3009 synthesis inhibitors.

title: Effects of XXXX synthesis inhibition on sympathetic-and parasympathetic-mediated coronary hemodynamic responses.

entities_list: @entity1169 :: ('MESH:D011433', 'Chemical') :: ['propranolol']

entities_list: @entity4486 :: ('MESH:D002698', 'Chemical') :: ['chloralose']

entities_list: @entity1425 :: ('MESH:D004837', 'Chemical') :: ['epinephrine']

entities_list: @entity7489 :: ('MESH:D013929', 'Chemical') :: ['thromboxane B2']

entities_list: @entity3009 :: ('CHEBI:26333', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandin']

entities_list: @entity1623 :: ('MESH:D009288', 'Chemical') :: ['naproxen']

entities_list: @entity3044 :: ('MESH:D007545', 'Chemical') :: ['isoproterenol']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['carotid occlusion']

entities_list: @entity3352 :: ('MESH:D007213', 'Chemical') :: ['indomethacin']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['norepinephrine']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity3009 :: (CHEBI:26333,Chemical) :: ['prostaglandin']


abstract: AIMS: Subjects who are at increased risk of developing @entity6 may have increased glycaemic variability associated with @entity409 and possibly subclinical @entity731 , which may lead to increased cardiovascular risk observed at the time of @entity6 diagnosis. To investigate this hypothesis, we measured endothelial function, carotid intima-media thickness and glycaemic variability using 48-h continuous subcutaneous @entity413 monitoring in 3 groups of overweight or @entity28 subjects--those without the @entity209 , and those with the @entity209 with or without newly diagnosed @entity164 2 @entity6 . METHODS: Consecutive subjects, aged 30-65 years with a body mass index >or= 25 kg/m(2) were recruited. @entity1 were classified as with or without the @entity209 ,or as @entity209 with newly diagnosed @entity164 2 @entity3918 . Glycaemic variability was calculated in terms of the coefficient of variation. Endothelial function was measured using brachial artery flow-mediated @entity384 . RESULTS: We identified 75 subjects. Mean flow mediated @entity384 decreased (P < 0.001) and carotid intima-media thickness increased (P < 0.05) across groups. Flow mediated @entity384 predictors included mean 48-h continuous subcutaneous @entity413 monitoring values (beta = -0.022; P < 0.005) and the coefficient of variation (beta = -0.10; P = 0.01). Carotid intima-media thickness predictors included age (beta = 0.009; P < 0.001) and flow mediated @entity384 (beta = -0.014; P = 0.076). @entity1 re-stratified according to cut-offs for mean 48-h glycaemia and variability demonstrated that subjects with high mean glycaemia but low coefficient of variability had similar flow mediated @entity384 and carotid intima-media thickness to subjects with low mean glycaemia but high coefficient of variation. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that glycaemic variability influences endothelial function even in non-diabetic subjects. Such variability may explain the increased cardiovascular risk observed in @entity1 prior to developing overt @entity164 2 @entity6 .

title: Glycaemic variability using continuous XXXX monitoring and endothelial function in the @entity209 and in @entity164 2 @entity6 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['dilation']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['endothelial dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity413 :: (MESH:D005947,Chemical) :: ['glucose']


abstract: AIMS: @entity160 ( @entity160 ) loses its potentials in treatment evaluation and prognosis prediction in @entity1 with @entity160 negative (<or=20 ng/ml) @entity157 ( @entity157 ). The present study was to identify the risk factors affecting postoperative survival of @entity160 negative @entity1 and to determine the optimal staging system in predicting the survival of these @entity1 . METHODS: The data of 306 in total and 98 @entity160 negative @entity1 amongst were retrospectively reviewed. The risk factors affecting survivals of the @entity1 were identified. And various staging systems were compared, including the sixth @entity5 node @entity3 (TNM) system, Okuda staging, Cancer of the Liver Italian Program ( @entity23396 ) score, the Barcelona Clinic @entity96 (BCLC) staging system, and the Japan Integrated Staging (JIS) score. RESULTS: @entity160 negative @entity1 tended to have intact @entity5 capsule and earlier staged @entity5 by TNM, @entity23396 . The independent risk factors worsening overall survival of @entity160 negative @entity1 were absence of @entity5 capsule, @entity1 -Pugh classification B, hepatitis B surface antigen positive and BCLC stage B-C. The risk factors promoting @entity5 recurrence were @entity5 size of >3 cm, distribution in two lobes, Okuda stage B-C and BCLC stage B-C. CONCLUSION: Normal @entity160 level implies earlier staged @entity5 . BCLC has the strongest potential in prognosis evaluation in @entity160 negative @entity1 .

title: Prognosis evaluation in XXXX negative @entity157 after hepatectomy: comparison of five staging systems.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Child', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['Liver Cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity160 :: ('174', 'Gene') :: ['Alpha-fetoprotein', 'AFP']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'hepatocellular carcinoma']

answer: @entity160 :: (174,Gene) :: ['alpha-fetoprotein']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the frequency and severity of @entity130 in @entity1 with orbito-zygomatic @entity174 . STUDY DESIGN: A case series. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY: Oral and Maxillofacial Department, KEMU/Mayo Hospital Lahore, from January 2009 to December 2011. METHODOLOGY: @entity1 with orbito-zygomatic @entity174 were divided into three groups. Group-1 @entity1 had @entity174 of floor/medial wall of the orbit (orbital-blow out @entity174 ). Group-2 had comminuted orbito-zygomatic @entity174 . Group-3 had simple zygomatic @entity174 . Frequency and types of @entity4858 were determined on each group. RESULTS: There were 296 (260 male, 36 female) @entity1 with mean age of 31.7 years. Group-1 (n = 20) had 28 ocular findings in 12 (60%) @entity1 including @entity892 (n = 10, 36%), @entity9577 (n = 6, 14%), and @entity5891 , @entity548 , @entity5861 , @entity397 , @entity5564 , and commotio retinae in 2 cases, 7% each. In Group-2 (n = 106), 44 ocular findings were identified in 30 (28%) @entity1 including @entity892 (n = 10, 23%), @entity9577 (n = 4, 9%), commotio retinae (n = 10, 23%), reduced visual acuity (n = 6, 14%), @entity5861 (n = 4, 9%) and @entity2687 , @entity2687 , @entity1713 , @entity5564 , and canthal laceration in 2 cases, 4.5%. In Group-3 (n = 170), 22 ocular findings were seen in 16 (9%) @entity1 included @entity892 (n = 10, 45%), @entity9577 (n = 4, 18%), and @entity937 , @entity5891 , @entity5513 , and @entity5564 in 2 cases, (9%) each. CONCLUSION: @entity130 are a common complication of orbitozygomatic @entity174 occurring in about 20% of @entity1 in this study, most frequent in the orbital blow @entity174 subgroup. Ophthalmology consultation is recommended for @entity1 presenting with midface @entity174 .

title: XXXX in orbito-zygomatic @entity174 .

entities_list: @entity5513 :: ('MESH:D009464', 'Disease') :: ['angle recession']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'fracture', 'bone fractures']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['vitreous hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity9577 :: ('MESH:D015841', 'Disease') :: ['enophthalmos']

entities_list: @entity1713 :: ('MESH:D012163', 'Disease') :: ['retinal detachment']

entities_list: @entity937 :: ('MESH:D012167', 'Disease') :: ['retinal tear']

entities_list: @entity4858 :: ('MESH:D005131', 'Disease') :: ['ocular injuries']

entities_list: @entity397 :: ('MESH:D012421', 'Disease') :: ['choroidal rupture']

entities_list: @entity5861 :: ('MESH:D012166', 'Disease') :: ['retinal hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity2687 :: ('MESH:D003316', 'Disease') :: ['corneal abrasion', 'corneal laceration']

entities_list: @entity892 :: ('MESH:D004172', 'Disease') :: ['diplopia']

entities_list: @entity5564 :: ('MESH:D015878', 'Disease') :: ['traumatic mydriasis']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['Ophthalmic injuries', 'ophthalmic injuries']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['Ophthalmic injuries']


abstract: @entity293 is the commonest @entity1 @entity2348 . @entity793 alone does not appear to produce progressive @entity8 or @entity101 . However, it can produce considerable morbidity. Urinalysis is a simple, relatively sensitive, and reliable way of diagnosing @entity293 . It is not clear that routine screening should be performed in all @entity1 , but pregnant females, @entity1 with known @entity854 , and @entity1 with recent genitourinary instrumentation should be screened. The major determinant of therapeutic success in @entity1 with @entity293 is the anatomic site of infection. @entity33 of the bladder is well treated with a single dose of an appropriate antibiotic, whereas @entity8 or prostate should be treated with a prolonged and intensive course of therapy. Urinalysis is an insensitive tool in the localization of infection. However, the presence of white cell casts on the examination of the urinary sediment is pathognomonic of @entity1729 and would lead one to pursue an aggressive course of therapy. Examination of the concentrating ability is of limited help in this regard because of the wide range of overlap of concentrating ability in @entity1 with @entity1729 . In selected instances, urinalysis is of help in guiding therapy of @entity293 . This is particularly true of the @entity1 with @entity697 where therapy is guided by the presence or absence of @entity4658 . Urinalysis, a simple front-line test, is of paramount importance in the evaluation and management of the @entity1 with @entity293 .

title: Urinalysis in the diagnosis of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal damage', 'deep tissue infection of the kidney']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute urethral syndrome']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['Superficial mucosal infection']

entities_list: @entity2348 :: ('MESH:D001424', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial infection']

entities_list: @entity793 :: ('MESH:D001437', 'Disease') :: ['Bacteriuria']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['anatomic abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity1729 :: ('MESH:D012141', 'Disease') :: ['upper tract infection', 'upper and lower tract infections']

entities_list: @entity293 :: ('MESH:D014552', 'Disease') :: ['urinary tract infection', 'urinary tract infections', 'Urinary tract infection']

answer: @entity293 :: (MESH:D014552,Disease) :: ['urinary tract infections']


abstract: Eighteen @entity1 with pure @entity4797 in advanced Stages IIC-IV of disease were treated with @entity3549 combination chemotherapy consisting of @entity5713 (6 mg/m2, days 1 and 2), @entity1260 (1.5 g/m2, days 1 to 5), and @entity900 (20 mg/m2, days 1 to 5). Eleven @entity1 had Stage IIC, four had Stage III, three had Stage IV, and two had primary @entity4797 . Primary histologic diagnoses were typical @entity4797 in 15 @entity1 and @entity4797 in three @entity1 . @entity1 chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) levels were elevated to 350 U/1 in eight @entity1 ; @entity160 ( @entity160 ) levels were always normal. No primary lymphadenectomy was carried out. Seven of 18 @entity1 had prior radiotherapy and were treated because of relapse or progression. There was one early @entity204 and one @entity1 has not yet completed therapy. Of 16 evaluable @entity1 , 14 reached complete remission (CR) (88%), which was documented surgically in six cases, whereas in the non-pretreated group, all nine @entity1 reached CR and in the pretreated group, CR could be induced in five of seven @entity1 (71%). The remission duration ranged from 6+ to 41+ months (median, 29+ months). No relapse has occurred. The @entity236 of @entity3549 was remarkable. Because of @entity1431 below 1000/mm3 and/or @entity882 below 50,000/mm3, dose reduction and interval prolongation were necessary in 10 of 16 @entity1 , especially in all those who were pretreated. Even though it is not superior to other @entity3908 -based regimens, @entity3549 chemotherapy is highly effective in bulky @entity4797 with and without prior radiotherapy.

title: @entity5713 - XXXX - @entity900 treatment of bulky @entity4797 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Human']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombopenia']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity160 :: ('174', 'Gene') :: ['alpha-fetoprotein', 'AFP']

entities_list: @entity1431 :: ('MESH:D007970', 'Disease') :: ['leukopenia']

entities_list: @entity1260 :: ('MESH:D007069', 'Chemical') :: ['ifosfamide']

entities_list: @entity4797 :: ('MESH:D018239', 'Disease') :: ['anaplastic seminoma', 'extragonadal seminoma', 'seminoma']

entities_list: @entity236 :: ('MESH:D001855', 'Disease') :: ['bone marrow toxicity']

entities_list: @entity5713 :: ('MESH:D014747', 'Chemical') :: ['vinblastine']

answer: @entity1260 :: (MESH:D007069,Chemical) :: ['ifosfamide']


abstract: PURPOSE: Contact endoscopy (CE) through the direct contact with the surface of the mucosa enables in vivo visualization of upper epithelial layers. There is a broad spectrum of laryngeal pathologies, as has been confirmed by earlier CE reports. The aim of the study was to resolve some of the limitations of CE through the application of computer-assisted image analysis. Quantitative and qualitative evaluation of nuclei was applied in the diagnosis of precancerous and @entity5 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty four @entity1 with various laryngeal pathologies were included in the study. Paraffin section histopathology showed 15 benign lesions, 12 @entity1613 (5 mild and 7 severe @entity1141 ) and 27 invasive @entity1544 ( @entity1544 ). After staining the mucous with 1% @entity2584 blue, examination with contact endoscope (Karl Storz, Germany) connected to the C-7070 Wide Zoom Olympus high-resolution camera was performed. RESULTS: The most discriminative parameters were revealed to be as follows: nucleus area (p<0.001), nuclei density index (p<0.001), elongation coefficient (p<0.05), nucleus area to equivalent area ratio (p<0.05). Computer-assisted image analysis composed with data mining techniques is presented for nuclei categorization. CONCLUSIONS: We established that computer-aided image analysis can indicate, with a high level of reliability, cases of severe @entity1141 and @entity189 . By implementing the technique described in this paper, we can substantially increase the sensitivity of CE.

title: The role of computer-assisted analysis in the evaluation of nuclear characteristics for the diagnosis of precancerous and XXXX by contact laryngoscopy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancerous lesions']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity2584 :: ('CHEBI:50728', 'Chemical') :: ['methylen']

entities_list: @entity1544 :: ('MESH:D018307', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell cancers', 'SCC']

entities_list: @entity1613 :: ('MESH:D011230', 'Disease') :: ['precancerous lesions']

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['dysplasia', 'dysplasias']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancerous lesions']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: e15505 Background: @entity1 with advanced @entity5 often have massive @entity843 and @entity1143 , requiring frequent paracentesis (PC). @entity2995 (TA) is a slowly metabolized corticosteroid. We evaluated the efficacy of intraperitoneal and intrapleural administrations of TA for control of @entity5 and @entity1143 . METHODS: We conducted a retrospective review of 48 @entity1 with @entity5 who were treated with PC followed by 400 mg of TA at our institutions since 2005. RESULTS: Intraperitoneal TA therapy was performed in 44 @entity1 (38 ovarian, 3 endometrial, 3 cervical) and intrapleural therapy in 4 (2 ovarian, 1 cervical, 1 endometrial), of whom 31 (65%) had recurrent @entity5 . Twenty-five (52%) were treated in a palliative setting, while 23 (48%) underwent chemotherapy (n=21) or surgery (n=2) following TA therapy. The median age of all @entity1 was 60 years (range, 36-80). ECOG performance status (PS) before TA therapy was 1 in 2, 2 in 10, 3 in 28, and 4 in 8, with 43 (90%) showing improved PS after therapy. In addition, the interval between PC treatments was prolonged in 16 of 21 (76%) assessable @entity1 . One @entity1 complained of @entity490 (grade 2, NCI-CTCAE ver.3) 1 day after TA therapy, while bowel perforation occurred 7 days after TA therapy in 2 @entity43 @entity1 in a palliative setting. Median overall survival after therapy in a palliative setting was 20 days (range: 5-168), while it was 137 days (range: 15-1319) in other settings. CONCLUSIONS: Intraperitoneal and intrapleural TA administrations were found to be feasible and effective for @entity1 receiving either palliative or aggressive treatment.

title: Intraperitoneal and intrapleural administrations of @entity2995 for control of XXXX and @entity1143 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1143 :: ('MESH:D010996', 'Disease') :: ['pleural effusion']

entities_list: @entity2995 :: ('MESH:D014222', 'Chemical') :: ['Triamcinolone acetonide']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant ascites', 'gynecologic cancer', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['malignant ascites']


abstract: The @entity1457 response is a conserved response to cell injury. We sought to determine if @entity63 alone versus events at reperfusion stimulated expression of the major @entity1457 protein (hsp-72) in a clinically relevant model of global @entity741 in @entity1707 . @entity1707 were placed on nonpulsatile cardiopulmonary bypass. Serial transmural cardiac biopsies were taken at baseline following 20 min of normothermic global @entity63 (induced by crossclamping the aorta) and at 20, 40, and 60 min of reperfusion. Test animals received a bolus and subsequent aortic root infusion of @entity224 dismutase (total 7,500 U/kg) beginning just prior to reperfusion. Hsp-72 mRNA abundance was estimated from Northern blots. We found that hsp-72 mRNA was not induced following 20 min of @entity63 but accumulated to high levels within 20 min of reperfusion. Intravascular administration of @entity224 dismutase at reperfusion eliminated hsp-72 mRNA induction. We conclude that in the postischemic myocardium, hsp-72 gene expression is dependent on @entity224 anion generation at reperfusion. In this setting, hsp-72 gene expression may reflect a specific response to oxidative injury rather than a more general response to metabolic stress associated with @entity63 .

title: Myocardial XXXX gene expression in @entity1707 is dependent on @entity224 anion generated at reperfusion.

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity1457 :: ('MESH:D012769', 'Disease') :: ['heat shock']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial ischemia']

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide']

answer: @entity1457 :: (MESH:D012769,Disease) :: ['heat shock']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Research from some industrialised countries indicated a flattening of the declining @entity299 ( @entity299 ) mortality trends in certain population groups. This study aims to investigate age-standardised, as well as sex- and age-specific time trends in @entity299 mortality in Germany. METHODS: Using German vital statistics between 1980 and 2007, age-standardised and age-specific @entity299 mortality rates for @entity1 and @entity1 were calculated. Joinpoint software was used to estimate @entity1987 ( @entity1987 ) together with 95% confidence intervals and to identify changing trends in mortality. To account for the reunification in 1990 trends for West Germany alone were investigated in sensitivity analysis. RESULTS: Since 1980, marked decreases in mortality of 50% in @entity1 and 39% in @entity1 were observed, with @entity1987 of 2.4 and 1.5%, respectively. While moderate declines in mortality were observed since the early 1980s in @entity1 , significant decreases in @entity1 were only found after 1995. Trends in mortality varied substantially across age groups, showing decreases in older age (75+ years) only during the last 5-10 years. A flattening of mortality declines was not observed. In West Germany, overall decreases and @entity1987 were larger and differences between @entity1 and @entity1 were somewhat smaller. CONCLUSION: German @entity299 mortality trends present a complex picture with profound decreases since 1980. However, declines were smaller and delayed compared to other industrialised countries. Also, time trends were not homogeneous in @entity1 and @entity1 , as well as across age groups. Preventive measures need to be strengthened to account for failures in the past and to counter the increasing burden of modifiable risk factors.

title: Trends in age-standardised and age-specific mortality from XXXX in Germany.

entities_list: @entity1987 :: ('MESH:D009402', 'Disease') :: ['average annual percentage changes', 'AAPC']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['ischaemic heart disease', 'IHD']

answer: @entity299 :: (MESH:D006331,Disease) :: ['ischaemic heart disease']


abstract: We describe here a @entity1 who obtained a good analgesic effect with high-dose @entity3575 patches for controlling @entity5 . A 52-year-old @entity1 was referred to our hospital because of severe @entity5 that was 7/10 on a numeric rating scale (NRS). He had been diagnosed with locally advanced @entity201 3 months previously. We prescribed weak opioids and an antidepressant, but his @entity158 was not relieved. We introduced strong opioids (transdermal @entity3575 patches for the background @entity158 and a short-acting opioid for the @entity158 ) and his @entity158 was tolerable on 250   g/hr of @entity3575 patches for 3 months. With time, however, his @entity158 intensity became worse and this reached up to 8/10 to 9/10 on the NRS. Percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage was performed, which did not relieve his @entity158 . We increased gradually the dose of transdermal @entity3575 to 1,050   g/hr (20 patches). At this dose, the @entity1 was mentally alert, with @entity158 control (NRS 2/10 to 3/10) and no exacerbation of side effects. To the best of our knowledge, we report here on the highest dose of transdermal @entity3575 that has been successfully used for treating a @entity1 suffering from visceral @entity5 .

title: High-dose @entity3575 patch for XXXX of a @entity1 with @entity201 .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer pain']

entities_list: @entity201 :: ('MESH:D018281', 'Disease') :: ['cholangiocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['breakthrough pain', 'good pain', 'pain']

entities_list: @entity3575 :: ('MESH:D005283', 'Chemical') :: ['fentanyl']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer pain']


abstract: The objective of this study was to assess whether statin therapy is associated with a reduction in @entity1165 . Statins have been shown to be beneficial beyond their @entity165 -lowering effects. These pleiotropic effects have been implicated in the protection against @entity955 and the reduction in appropriate implantable cardioverter-defibrillator therapy in @entity1 with @entity453 . This meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate whether statins were associated with a reduction in @entity1165 in @entity1 with @entity453 or @entity296 . The Medline and Cochrane databases were searched for studies in @entity1 subjects published in the English language between 1985 and February 2010. Studies were included in our analysis if they provided data regarding the association between the use of statins and the incidence of @entity1165 / @entity2224 (VT/VF) in @entity1 with @entity453 or @entity296 . The occurrence of @entity943 was defined as the VT/VF occurrence or appropriate implantable cardioverter-defibrillator therapy for VT/VF. Of the 166 identified articles, nine prospective studies with 150,953 @entity1 enrolled met our inclusion criteria and were included in this analysis. Using a random effects model, statin therapy was associated with a 31% reduction in the risk of VT/VF when compared with the group not on statin therapy (pooled relative risk = 0.69, 95% confidence interval, 0.58-0.83; heterogeneity I   = 57.3%). There was a low likelihood of publication bias in this analysis (Egger's test P = 0.957). Statin use in @entity1 with @entity453 or @entity296 is associated with a 31% reduction in the development of @entity1165 .

title: The effect of statin therapy on XXXX : a meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['nonischemic cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular tachyarrhythmias', 'ventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity2224 :: ('MESH:D014693', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular arrhythmias']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity1165 :: (MESH:D017180,Disease) :: ['ventricular tachyarrhythmias']


abstract: The authors objective was to determine the @entity137 and maximum tolerated dose of a dose-dense schedule of fixed-dose @entity1311 and escalating doses of @entity900 in @entity1 with recurrent or unresectable @entity189 . On days 1, 8, 15, 29, 36, and 43, @entity1 received a fixed dose of @entity1311 (80 mg/m2 over 1 hour after a short premedication) followed by a 30-minute infusion of @entity900 at dose levels of 7, 15, 20, and 25 mg/m2. Six @entity1 were treated at each dose level, except for the dose of 25 mg/m2 @entity900 . All the @entity1 were assessed for @entity137 and 17 @entity1 (81%) were evaluated for response. The @entity900 dose could be escalated to 25 mg/m2. At the dose of 80 mg/m2 @entity1311 and 25 mg/m2 @entity900 , all 3 @entity1 developed dose-limiting @entity137 of the gastrointestinal tract. There were no treatment-related @entity204 . @entity1431 grades 3 or 4 was seen in 5 @entity1 (11.1%), but infectious complications were not encountered. Other @entity137 were mild and easily managed. Weekly @entity1311 at a dose of 80 mg/m2 infused over 1 hour, followed by an infusion of 20 mg/m2 @entity900 is recommended for further study in @entity1 with recurrent or unresectable @entity356 .

title: Phase I study of a weekly schedule of fixed-dose @entity1311 and escalating doses of XXXX for recurrent or unresectable @entity356 in Japan.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma of the stomach']

entities_list: @entity1431 :: ('MESH:D007970', 'Disease') :: ['Leukopenia']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer']

answer: @entity900 :: (MESH:D002945,Chemical) :: ['cisplatin']


abstract: AIM: The aim of this article was to report a new transomphalic extraperitoneal surgical technique for treatment of @entity1276 , called ventriculoportal shunt. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed ventriculoportal shunt on an experimental animal ( @entity1707 ). The particularity of ventriculoportal shunt consists in the fact that the distal end of the catheter is inserted transomphalic extraperitoneally in the portal system through reopened umbilical vein. We present technical details regarding this new surgical technique. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The animal had favorable outcome, without any postoperative early or late morbidity. We discuss indications, contraindications, possible complications in @entity1 and advantages of ventriculoportal shunt compared with ventriculocardiac and ventriculoperitoneal drainages and possibilities to avoid complications specific to classic shunt procedures. CONCLUSIONS: Ventriculoportal shunt is a new surgical technique for treatment of @entity1276 . The distal end of the catheter introduced into reopened umbilical vein, drains cerebrospinal fluid into the portal system. Ventriculoportal shunt is safe and easy to perform. With ventriculoportal shunt specific complications of ventriculoperitoneal or ventriculocardiac drainages can be potentially avoided. Ventriculoportal shunt combines advantages of vascular shunt with those of having an immunological barrier for cerebrospinal fluid before entering the systemic circulation. Theoretically, indications for surgery are extended, and ventriculoportal shunt can be performed in @entity1 former contraindicated for ventriculoperitoneal shunt. Further research is needed and this surgical technique must be performed on @entity1 subjects with @entity1276 .

title: Ventriculoportal Shunt, a New Transomphalic Extraperitoneal Surgical Technique in Treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['hydrocephalus']

answer: @entity1276 :: (MESH:D006849,Disease) :: ['Hydrocephalus']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recent studies have shown adjuvant therapy improves outcomes from @entity788 ( @entity788 ). This study investigates receipt and timing of @entity788 treatments, and association with outcomes. METHODS: The analysis cohort consisted of @entity1 with newly-diagnosed @entity788 at a single institution over 5 years. Primary Endpoints were (i) receipt of recommended therapy, and (ii) overall survival (OS). RESULTS: Among 102 @entity1 , 52 underwent resection. Out of 36 localized resected and 16 locally advanced resected (LAR) @entity1 , 26 and 13, respectively, received adjuvant therapy. Six of the latter group received neoadjuvant therapy. Median OS for resected @entity1 was 15.7 months (range 0.6-51.4), compared with 7.7 for unresected @entity1 (range 0.4-32.0) (P < 0.001), and 14.0 months for @entity1 with resection alone (range 0.6-24.4) vs. 16.1 for @entity1 who also received adjuvant therapy (range 3.2-51.4) (P= 0.027). Out of 46 @entity1 undergoing up-front resection, 33 had R0 surgical margins. For the six LAR @entity1 undergoing neoadjuvant therapy, all margins were R0. CONCLUSION: After resection, a substantial proportion of @entity1 do not receive adjuvant therapy, and have worse survival. In this study, neoadjuvant treatment increased both the proportion of @entity1 receiving all components of recommended therapy and the R0 resection rate.

title: A neoadjuvant strategy for XXXX increases the likelihood of receiving all components of care: lessons from a single-institution database.

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['PC', 'pancreatic cancer']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatic adenocarcinoma']


abstract: Anesthetic drugs cause @entity1620 and long-term @entity149 in neonatal @entity35 . Recently, @entity1 data also suggest that anesthesia early in life may cause @entity73 . The connection between cell death and @entity149 is uncertain. It is conceivable that mechanisms other than @entity1620 contribute to neurocognitive outcome of neonatal anesthesia. In a series of experiments, we demonstrate that @entity5161 exposure causes significant hypercarbia in postnatal day 7 @entity35 and that exposure to @entity5161 or @entity544 for 4 h provoked @entity1620 . However, 1 h of @entity5161 exposure was not sufficient to cause @entity1620 . Moreover, only 4 h of @entity5161 exposure, but not 1 or 2 h of exposure or 4 h of @entity544 , led to impaired hippocampal function, questioning the association between anesthesia-induced @entity1620 and @entity149 . Neurogenesis both in the developing and adult dentate gyrus is important for hippocampal function, specifically learning and memory. @entity1246 regulates proliferation and neuronal differentiation both in the developing and the adult brain. Inhaled anesthetics are @entity1246 -ergic and may therefore affect neurogenesis, which could be an alternative mechanism mediating anesthesia-induced @entity149 in immature @entity35 . Understanding the mechanism will help guide clinical trials aiming to define the scope of the problem in @entity1 and may lead to preventive and therapeutic strategies.

title: Beyond Anesthetic Properties: The Effects of XXXX on Brain Cell Death, Neurogenesis, and Long-Term Neurocognitive Function.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human']

entities_list: @entity1246 :: ('MESH:D005680', 'Chemical') :: ['gamma-Amino-butyric-acid', 'gamma-aminobutyric-acid']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment']

entities_list: @entity149 :: ('MESH:D002493', 'Disease') :: ['neurocognitive dysfunction', 'neurocognitive decline']

entities_list: @entity1620 :: ('MESH:D001926', 'Disease') :: ['brain cell death']

entities_list: @entity544 :: ('MESH:D002245', 'Chemical') :: ['carbon dioxide']

entities_list: @entity5161 :: ('MESH:D007530', 'Chemical') :: ['isoflurane']

answer: @entity5161 :: (MESH:D007530,Chemical) :: ['Isoflurane']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The use of opiates, particularly heroin, remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality. Half of the deaths among @entity4521 consumers are attributed to @entity1445 . In response to this problem, @entity1445 prevention programs (OPPs) were designed. The objective of our study was to assess coverage of OPPs among the target population in a specific Spanish region (Catalonia) and to identify characteristics related to attendance. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey recruited individuals from outpatient treatment centers (OTCs), therapeutic communities (ThCs), and harm reduction facilities (HRFs) in Catalonia. From 513 @entity1 , 306 opiate users and/or injectors were selected for this study. Coverage was calculated as the proportion of subjects who declared having participated in an OPP. A Poisson regression with robust variance was used to assess factors (socio-demographic aspects and psychoactive substance use patterns) associated to OPP participation, taking into account recruitment strategy. RESULTS: Average age of the 306 subjects was 39.7 years (s.d.: 7.7); 79% were male; 79.2% lived in urban areas and 56.3% were unemployed or had never worked. Overall OPP coverage was 43.5% (95% CI: 37%-49%). Training was received mostly in HRF (60%), followed by OTC (24.4%), prison (19%), and @entity839 (16%). OPP sessions were attended by 41% of Spanish-born study @entity1 and by 63.3% of foreigners; 92.2% of the @entity1 lived in urban areas. The Poisson regression analysis adjusted by age, sex, and type of recruitment center showed that OPP participation rates were higher for individuals with foreign nationality (PR = 1.3; 95% CI: 1.04-1.72), for those living in municipalities with more than 100,000 inhabitants (PR = 2.0; 95% CI: 1.37-2.81) or the Barcelona conurbation (PR = 2.5; 95% CI: 1.68-3.77), and for those having ever been in prison (PR = 1.6; 95% CI: 1.41-1.81) and had first consumption when they were less than 12 years old (PR = 1.2; 95% CI: 1.06-1.45). CONCLUSION: Coverage as a whole can be considered high. However, in Catalonia, new strategies ought to be developed in order to attract opiate users and injectors not currently participating, by expanding OPP offer to services and regions where coverage is poor.

title: Coverage of XXXX prevention programs for opiate users and injectors: a cross-sectional study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

answer: @entity1445 :: (MESH:D062787,Disease) :: ['overdose']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity888 abuse has risen dramatically in South Africa. The chronic effects of @entity551 have not been documented. This study reviewed @entity1 referred for evaluation of @entity8 and/or @entity101 , who had been abusing @entity7865 . METHODS: The records of @entity1 referred to the renal unit between 2005 and 2013 who had been using @entity7865 were retrospectively reviewed. @entity1 demographics, biophysical parameters, blood pressure, renal function, renal ultrasound and biopsy findings, complications of @entity740 and comorbidities were recorded. RESULTS: Forty-seven @entity1 were included in the study. Their mean age was 29 years. @entity101 was present in 42 (89.4%) of @entity1 , with malignant @entity101 in 21 (44.7%). Forty-five (95.7%) had @entity740 ( @entity740 ), and 26 (55.3%) had @entity454 . Renal biopsies were performed in 24 @entity1 . Twelve (50.0%) of the biopsies showed @entity101 changes and 14 (58.3%) @entity3630 , with deposition of IgM and C3 complement. CONCLUSION: @entity888 use is associated with severe @entity101 , @entity3630 and @entity740 .

title: XXXX , @entity454 and @entity3630 in @entity888 users.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'hypertensive', 'Hypertension']

entities_list: @entity888 :: ('MESH:D008694', 'Chemical') :: ['Methamphetamine']

entities_list: @entity7865 :: ('D008694', 'Chemical') :: ['methamphetamines']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['CKD', 'chronic kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity3630 :: ('MESH:D015432', 'Disease') :: ['mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis type 1', 'mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['abuse on the kidneys and blood pressure']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage renal disease']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['Hypertension']


abstract: The aims of the present analysis were to investigate the short- and long-term efficacies and treatment moderators of @entity458 for @entity239 . A literature search using PubMed, PsychINFO, the Cochrane Library, and manual searches identified 23 eligible studies including 30 psychological treatment conditions and 1396 @entity1 . Meta-analytic integration resulted in a significant but small effect size for short-term @entity158 reduction (Hedges's g=0.37, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.27-0.48) and a small-to-medium effect size for long-term @entity158 reduction over an average follow-up phase of 7.4 months (Hedges's g=0.47, 95% CI: 0.3-0.65) for any psychological intervention. Psychological treatments also proved effective in reducing sleep problems (Hedges's g=0.46, 95% CI: 0.28-0.64), @entity308 (Hedges's g=0.33, 95% CI: 0.20-0.45), functional status (Hedges's g=0.42, 95% CI: 0.25-0.58), and catastrophizing (Hedges's g=0.33, 95% CI: 0.17-0.49). These effects remained stable at follow-up. Moderator analyses revealed cognitive-behavioral treatment to be significantly better than other psychological treatments in short-term @entity158 reduction (Hedges's g=0.60, 95% CI: 0.46-0.76). Higher treatment dose was associated with better outcome. Publication-bias analyses demonstrated that the effect sizes were robust. The results suggest that the effects of psychological treatments for @entity239 are relatively small but robust and comparable to those reported for other @entity158 and drug treatments used for this disorder. Cognitive-behavioral therapy was associated with the greatest effect sizes.

title: Psychological treatments for XXXX : a meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity239 :: ('MESH:D005356', 'Disease') :: ['fibromyalgia']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['psychological interventions']

answer: @entity239 :: (MESH:D005356,Disease) :: ['fibromyalgia']


abstract: To evaluate the relative influences of @entity801 and @entity2890 on glomerular function, we studied three groups of normal hydropenic @entity35 . Group 1 had 8 @entity35 that served as control. Group 2 had 9 @entity35 that were given @entity801 (40 mg/kg of body wt per day for 10 days). Group 3 had 10 @entity35 that received @entity2890 instead of @entity801 . In addition, we attempted to suppress @entity1808 ( @entity1808 ) generation in two additional groups of @entity35 and then study the glomerular response to @entity801 : in 6 @entity35 , isotonic @entity2827 was substituted for tap water for drinking throughout the period of study (group 4), and in 7 other @entity801 -treated @entity35 , @entity3371 was given orally (group 5). A sixth group received @entity3371 alone (group 6). Following @entity801 treatment in group 2, values for single nephron GFR (SNGFR) were markedly lower (21.7 +/- 2.1 nl/min) than they were in groups 1(35.7 +/- 1.4) or 3(34.1 +/- 2.9). Declines in whole kidney GFR in group 2 paralleled the fall in SNGFR. Reduction in SNGFR with @entity801 was due both to a marked decline in the glomerular capillary ultrafiltration coefficient, Kf, and in the initial glomerular plasma flow rate, QA. With saline administration (group 4), the decline in SNGFR was partially blunted, whereas with @entity3371 (group 5) the effects of @entity801 on SNGFR, QA, and Kf were largely abolished. Morphologic studies revealed no discernible @entity8 in any groups, whereas proximal tubule damage was evident with both @entity581 , irrespective of the state of the renin-angiotensin system. Thus, in the dosage used, @entity801 elicits greater @entity8 than does @entity2890 , and by mechanism(s) that are at least partially responsive to suppression of @entity1808 generation.

title: Pathophysiology of altered glomerular function in aminoglycoside-treated XXXX .

entities_list: @entity801 :: ('MESH:D005839', 'Chemical') :: ['gentamicin']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['glomerular defects', 'impairment in glomerular function']

entities_list: @entity2890 :: ('MESH:D014031', 'Chemical') :: ['tobramycin']

entities_list: @entity3371 :: ('CHEBI:3380', 'Chemical') :: ['captopril']

entities_list: @entity581 :: ('MESH:D000617', 'Chemical') :: ['aminoglycosides']

entities_list: @entity2827 :: ('MESH:D012965', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium chloride']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: Viral studies on @entity1 urothelium have shown an association between the @entity291 papillomavirus and @entity150 in @entity291 . However, the evidence for @entity1082 ) involvement in urinary bladder in @entity1 is less clear. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between HPV DNA and transitional cell @entity150 , using the highly sensitive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and non-isotopic DNA in situ hybridization of @entity406 -fixed paraffin-embedded tissues from 76 @entity1 . An HPV type specific set of primers was localized on the E6-gene for @entity1799 /18 DNA. The second and third set of primers were specific for HPV 6/11 DNA. A biotinylated DNA probe which recognizes HPV 6/11, 16/18, and 31/33/35 was used for in situ hybridization. Of the 76 cases investigated, PCR analysis showed positive signals in seven (9.2%) of cases--six for @entity1799 DNA, and one for @entity1799 DNA and HPV 6 DNA. Four (5.2%) were also reactive for @entity1799 /18 DNA using in situ hybridization. Most @entity1606 (71.4%) associated with HPV DNA were of high pathological grade/stage. One case had koilocytosis. Our results suggest that HPV DNA in transitional cell @entity189 is probably a rare occurrence, although the finding on the high risk @entity1799 DNA may indicate a role for it in this @entity5 's aetiology.

title: XXXX : low incidence of @entity1082 DNA detected by the polymerase chain reaction and in situ hybridization.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian', 'patients', 'man']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity406 :: ('MESH:D005557', 'Chemical') :: ['formalin']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['cancer of the bladder', 'carcinoma of the bladder']

entities_list: @entity1082 :: ('10566', 'Species') :: ['human papillomavirus (HPV']

entities_list: @entity1606 :: ('MESH:D002295', 'Disease') :: ['transitional cell carcinomas']

answer: @entity150 :: (MESH:D001749,Disease) :: ['Transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder']


abstract: Over a 14-year period, 60 @entity1 (86 toes) underwent resection arthroplasty of the proximal interphalangeal joint for a @entity85 . During the same period, 788 hammertoe corrections were performed, for a ratio of 9:1 hammertoe to @entity1848 corrections. Fifty @entity1 (72 toes) were evaluated at an average 55-month follow-up. In 53 toes (73%), the involved toe was longer than the adjacent toes. The second, third, and fourth toes were almost equally involved with a @entity85 . With a resection arthroplasty technique, an arthrodesis of the @entity4552 joint occurred in 52 toes (72%) and a @entity82 occurred in the remaining 20 toes (28%). Overall, 86% of the toes were rated as satisfactory by the @entity1 (P < .001). A slightly lower satisfaction rate (75%) was noted in those toes with a @entity82 . A flexor tenotomy was performed in 22 toes along with the @entity1848 repair. Acceptable alignment was noted in 96% of toes with a flexor tenotomy, and in 90% where a @entity1848 repair was performed without a flexor tenotomy [corrected]. @entity158 was relieved (97%), correction was well maintained (91%), and @entity1 subjective satisfaction was high (86%) with this procedure. Minor complications occurred in 14% of cases; however, one fourth of these @entity1 still noted a satisfactory result.

title: Operative repair of the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrous union']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['mallet toe deformity']

entities_list: @entity1848 :: ('MESH:D037801', 'Disease') :: ['mallet toe']

answer: @entity85 :: (MESH:D009140,Disease) :: ['mallet toe deformity']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study was a 2-year follow-up in an ongoing prospective examination of development of @entity130 -related symptoms over time in a community group of veterans of Operation Desert Storm. METHOD: Sixty-two National Guard reservists, from one medical and one military police unit, completed the Mississippi Scale for Combat-Related @entity1005 and a DSM-III-R-based @entity1005 ( @entity1005 ) symptom scale 1 month, 6 months, and 2 years after returning from the Middle East. Differences in symptom severity over time were analyzed by using repeated measure analyses of variance. RESULTS: Scores on the Mississippi scale, but not the DSM-III-R @entity1005 scale, increased significantly over time. Symptoms of hyperarousal were more severe at all time points than were symptoms of reexperiencing or avoidance. Level of combat exposure, as reflected by the Desert Storm @entity130 questionnaire, was significantly associated with the score on the Mississippi scale at 2 years but not at 1 month or 6 months. All subjects who met the Mississippi scale's diagnostic criteria for @entity1005 at 1 or 6 months still met the criteria at 2 years. CONCLUSIONS: Although symptoms were relatively mild, there was an overall increase in @entity1005 symptoms over 2 years. The statistical relationship between level of combat exposure and @entity1005 symptoms at 2 years, and not before, suggests that it may take time for the consequences of traumatic exposure to become apparent. Moreover, degree of exposure may be important in predicting the eventual development of symptoms. Continued follow-up will address the evolution of @entity1005 symptoms in Gulf War veterans.

title: XXXX -related symptoms in veterans of Operation Desert Storm: a 2-year follow-up.

entities_list: @entity1005 :: ('MESH:D013313', 'Disease') :: ['Posttraumatic Stress Disorder', 'posttraumatic stress disorder', 'PTSD']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['Trauma']


abstract: AIMS: The aims of the study are to describe the speciation and resistance patterns of positive urinary cultures in @entity1 with @entity3087 ( @entity3087 ) and those undergoing pelvic reconstructive surgery. METHODS: Urine cultures with a colony count of >10(5) CFU and <3 isolated uropathogens at a tertiary care Urogynecology practice over a 5-year period for @entity1 with anterior wall dominant @entity3577 ( @entity3577 ) or @entity322 ( @entity322 ) were identified. Speciation and culture sensitivity data were described for each group and compared to a control group who did not currently have a @entity2729 and who had not undergone pelvic surgery within a year of their positive culture. Additionally, early post-operative UTIs ( <=6 weeks) and late post-operative UTIs (>6 weeks but  <=1 year) were compared. RESULTS: 1,306 positive urine cultures over the 5-year period with 51 different species of uropathogens were identified. The percentage of @entity526 identified was not significantly different between groups: @entity3577 57.1%, Stress @entity322 58.4%, Urge @entity322 54.3%, non-operative controls 54.3%. Cultures obtained from @entity1 on prophylactic antibiotics were significantly less likely to have @entity526 (adjusted OR 0.45, 95% CI 0.22, 0.89, P   <   0.0216). Non- @entity526 cultures were more common in the early post-operative period compared to the late post-operative cultures (69% vs. 41%, adjusted OR 0.33, 95% CI 0.22, 0.48, P   <   0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with @entity3087 who develop UTIs have rates of non- @entity526 over 40% of the time. Treatment based on culture and antibiotic sensitivity data should be considered.

title: Bacterial uropathogens and antibiotic susceptibility of positive urine cultures in @entity1 with XXXX and @entity322 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['urinary incontinence', 'UI']

entities_list: @entity3087 :: ('MESH:D059952', 'Disease') :: ['pelvic floor disorders', 'PFDs']

entities_list: @entity3577 :: ('MESH:D056887', 'Disease') :: ['pelvic organ prolapse', 'POP']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli', 'E. coli']

answer: @entity3577 :: (MESH:D056887,Disease) :: ['pelvic organ prolapse']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a noninvasive method to induce changes in cortical neural excitability. This report presents findings from the first @entity1 of a safety and efficacy study that examined a therapeutic rTMS protocol for @entity1 with severe @entity131 ( @entity131 ). OBJECTIVE: The primary hypothesis was that there will be no adverse events related to the provision of a 6-week rTMS protocol for @entity1 with severe @entity131 who remain, at best, in a minimally conscious state for longer than 3 months. The secondary hypothesis was that the rTMS protocol would induce significant @entity4934 during treatment and that these gains would persist at 6-week follow-up. METHODS: A 6-week rTMS protocol (30 sessions) was delivered to a 26-year-old @entity1 who remained in a vegetative state 287 days after severe @entity131 . Stimulation was directed over the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Repeated safety measures, neurobehavioral assessments, clinical examinations, and evoked potentials (EP) were obtained at baseline, every fifth rTMS session (weekly), and at a 6-week follow-up. RESULTS: There were no adverse events related to the provision of rTMS treatment. A trend toward significant (P = .066) @entity4934 was temporally related to provision of rTMS. Left-sided brain stem auditory EP wave V latencies and waves I to V interpeak latencies improved along with @entity4934 during provision of rTMS, suggesting that improved neural conduction in the pathway mediated the neurobehavioral improvements. CONCLUSIONS: Repetitive TMS merits further investigation as a safe therapeutic intervention to alter neural activity, to modulate neural activity, and/or to facilitate recovery in @entity1 with @entity1662 subsequent to severe @entity131 .

title: Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation-associated XXXX during coma recovery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participant', 'man', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity1662 :: ('MESH:D003244', 'Disease') :: ['disordered consciousness']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['TBI', 'traumatic brain injury']

entities_list: @entity4934 :: ('MESH:D019954', 'Disease') :: ['neurobehavioral gains']

answer: @entity4934 :: (MESH:D019954,Disease) :: ['neurobehavioral gains']


abstract: Chromosome 3q26.2 abnormalities in @entity3052 , including inv(3)/t(3;3) and t(3;21), have been studied and are associated with a poor prognosis. Their prevalence, response to @entity4149 kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment, and prognostic significance in @entity1860 ( @entity1860 ) are largely unknown. In this study, we explored these aspects using a cohort of 2013 @entity1 with @entity1860 diagnosed in the @entity7971 of TKI therapy. Chromosome 3 abnormalities were observed in 116 (5.8%) of 2013 cases. These cases were divided into 5 distinct groups: A, inv(3)(q21q26.2)/t(3;3)(q21;q26.2), 26%; B, t(3;21)(q26.2;q22), 17%; C, other 3q26.2 rearrangements, 7%; D, rearrangements involving chromosome 3 other than 3q26.2 locus, 32%; and E, gain or loss of partial or whole chromosome 3, 18%. In all, 3q26.2 rearrangements were the most common chromosome 3 abnormalities (50%, groups A-C). 3q26.2 rearrangements emerged at different leukemic phases. For cases with 3q26.2 rearrangements that initially emerged in chronic or accelerated phase, they had a high rate of transformation to blast phase. @entity1 with 3q26.2 abnormalities showed a marginal response to TKI treatment, and no @entity1 achieved a long-term sustainable response at a cytogenetic or molecular level. Compared with other @entity2008 in @entity1860 , @entity1 with 3q26.2 rearrangements had poorer overall survival. The presence or absence of other concurrent @entity2008 did not affect survival in these @entity1 , reflecting the predominant role of 3q26.2 rearrangements in determining prognosis. Interestingly, although heterogeneous, chromosome 3 abnormalities involving non-3q26.2 loci (groups D, E) also conferred a worse prognosis compared with changes involving other chromosomes in this cohort.

title: Clinical and prognostic significance of 3q26.2 and other chromosome 3 abnormalities in XXXX in the @entity7971 of @entity4149 kinase inhibitors.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute myeloid leukemia']

entities_list: @entity2008 :: ('MESH:D002869', 'Disease') :: ['chromosomal abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity1860 :: ('MESH:D015464', 'Disease') :: ['CML', 'chronic myelogenous leukemia']

answer: @entity1860 :: (MESH:D015464,Disease) :: ['CML']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In 2009, an outbreak of dengue caused high fatality in @entity3595 Lanka. We conducted 5 autopsies of clinically suspected @entity2401 cases at the General Hospital, Peradeniya to describe the histopathology of the heart and other organs. METHODS: The diagnosis of dengue was confirmed with specific IgM and IgG ELISA, HAI and RT-PCR techniques. The histology was done in tissue sections stained with @entity1710 and @entity1711 . RESULTS: Of the 319 cases of @entity779 , 166(52%) had severe @entity281 . Of them, 149 @entity1 (90%) had @entity325 and in 5 @entity1 , @entity12537 was identified as the causative serotype. The clinical diagnosis of @entity2401 was considered in 45(27%) @entity1 . The autopsies were done in 5 @entity1 who succumbed to shock (3 females and 2 males) aged 13- 31 years. All had @entity1143 , @entity843 , @entity548 patches in tissue planes and histological evidence of @entity2401 . The main histological findings of the heart were @entity4 with @entity32 and @entity39 of myocardial fibers. One @entity1 had @entity2396 . The concurrent @entity358 were septal congestion, @entity548 and @entity16 ; one case showed @entity11659 . CONCLUSIONS: The histology supports occurrence of @entity2401 in @entity281 .

title: Histopathological diagnosis of @entity2401 in a dengue outbreak in XXXX Lanka, 2009.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1143 :: ('MESH:D010996', 'Disease') :: ['pleural effusions']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory cell infiltration']

entities_list: @entity11659 :: ('MESH:D047508', 'Disease') :: ['massive necrosis of liver']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding', 'pulmonary haemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['interstitial oedema']

entities_list: @entity2396 :: ('MESH:D010493', 'Disease') :: ['pericarditis']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['diffuse alveolar damage']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection', 'dengue infection']

entities_list: @entity1710 :: ('MESH:D006416', 'Chemical') :: ['hematoxylin']

entities_list: @entity325 :: ('MESH:D060085', 'Disease') :: ['secondary dengue infection']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity779 :: ('MESH:D003715', 'Disease') :: ['dengue fever']

entities_list: @entity2401 :: ('MESH:D009205', 'Disease') :: ['myocarditis']

answer: @entity3595 :: (6717,Gene) :: ['Sri']


abstract: In this study we have quantified the "epileptogenicity" of several brain regions in @entity410 originating in the posterior parietal cortex in 17 @entity1 investigated by intracerebral recordings using stereotactic EEG (SEEG). Epileptogenicity of brain structures was quantified according to the "epileptogenicity index" (EI), a way to quantify rapid discharges at @entity410 onset. Seven @entity1 had maximal epileptogenicity in the superior parietal lobule-BA area 7 (Gr1), 2 @entity1 in the superior parietal lobule-area 5 (Gr2), 4 @entity1 in inferior parietal lobule ( @entity6408 ) and 4 in the opercular region (Gr4). A large majority of @entity1 (15/17 (88%)) reported to have at least one aura during the course of their disease. Somato-sensory manifestations were reported in the four groups. Vestibular disturbance was observed mainly in @entity410 from the superior parietal lobule (Gr1 and 2). Ipsilateral version was the most frequent objective manifestation (64%). @entity71 (motor agitation) was found to be frequent, observed in 4/17 cases (23%) and observed in @entity410 from inferior parietal regions. In conclusion, the electrophysiological organization and the clinical manifestations of @entity6409 are various and complex. The subjective manifestations are frequent and often suggestive, therefore must be actively sought.

title: Neural networks underlying XXXX : a quantified study from intracerebral recordings.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'seizures']

entities_list: @entity71 :: ('MESH:D001289', 'Disease') :: ['Hyperkinetic behaviour']

answer: @entity410 :: (MESH:D012640,Disease) :: ['parietal lobe seizures']


abstract: To understand the immunogenicity of purified inactivated severe @entity221 with @entity882 bunyavirus (SFTSV), concentration by ultrafiltration as well as molecular-sieve chromatography (MSC) were used for purification of inactivated SFTSVs. Inactivated viruses in purified samples were analyzed and identified by western blotting and @entity3208 - @entity2975 gel electrophoresis ( @entity214 -PAGE), the glycoprotein (GP) and nucleoprotein (NP) antigen titers of which were detected using a double-sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Purified inactivated SFTSVs were enriched and observed by electron microscopy, and the total protein concentration detected using the @entity8281 assay. Purified inactivated SFTSVs were applied to @entity95 via two immunization programs to evaluate immunogenicity and to compare the immune effect. After SFTSVs were inactivated and concentrated by ultrafiltration, MSC revealed two typical elution peaks. The sample of one peak was identified as inactivated virions, in which GP and NP were detected by @entity214 -PAGE, western blotting and ELISA. Main corponent of the other peak was NP. After concentration by ultrafiltration, purified inactivated SFTSVs with purity >90% and total protein concentration of 1. 1 mg/mL were obtained, and the typical electron microscopy of bunyavirus was observed. In the sera of animals immunized with purified inactivated SFTSVs, SFTSV-specific IgG antibody and neutralizing antibody were detected at high titers. However, antibody titers were affected by the immunization program. Effect of immunization on days 0, 14 and 28 was significantly better than that on days 0, 7 and 28. Our work revealed that cultivation of SFTSVs contained intact virus particles and large amounts of free NP. Using MSC, purified inactivated SFTSVs of high purity could be obtained. Purified inactivated SFTSVs induced high titers of neutralizing antibody and virus-specific IgG antibody showing satisfactory immunogenicity, which provides important clues for further study on a vaccine for the inactivated virus.

title: [Purification and Preliminary Research on the Immunogenicity of Inactivated Severe Fever with XXXX Bunyavirus].

entities_list: @entity3208 :: ('MESH:D012967', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium dodecyl sulfate']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia syndrome']

entities_list: @entity95 :: ('9986', 'Species') :: ['New Zealand rabbits']

entities_list: @entity2975 :: ('CHEBI:51135', 'Chemical') :: ['polyacrylamide']

entities_list: @entity8281 :: ('MESH:C047117', 'Chemical') :: ['bicinchoninic acid']

answer: @entity882 :: (MESH:D013921,Disease) :: ['Thrombocytopenia Syndrome']


abstract: Kidney transplant biopsies from 55 @entity1 immunosuppressed with @entity205 and 35 treated with conventional immunosuppression were evaluated by 14 pathologists. In @entity205 treated cases the following morphologic features were more frequent and/or severe: isometric tubular vacuolization; tubular microcalcification, @entity194 , interstitial @entity82 striped form, focal interstitial infiltrates and arteriolopathy. Six different morphologic reaction patterns in @entity205 treated @entity1 were distinguished and possible pathogenetic factors discussed: 1. Classical rejection, 2. Diffuse interstitial @entity82 , 3. @entity8 with @entity9442 , isometric vacuolization and microcalcification, 4. Peritubular capillary congestion with mononuclear cell accumulation, 5. Arteriolopathy similar to benign/malignant @entity101 or @entity1381 , 6. @entity82 (striped form) with @entity194 . This preliminary morphologic classification may be helpful in the biopsy interpretation and the selection of therapeutic strategies and should stimulate further studies.

title: Renal histopathology in kidney transplant recipients immunosuppressed with XXXX : results of an international workshop.

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['Toxic tubulopathy']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis', 'Interstitial fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity9442 :: ('MESH:C564971', 'Disease') :: ['giant mitochondria']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporin A', 'cyclosporin']

entities_list: @entity194 :: ('MESH:D001284', 'Disease') :: ['tubular atrophy']

entities_list: @entity1381 :: ('MESH:D006463', 'Disease') :: ['hemolytic uremic syndrome']

answer: @entity205 :: (MESH:D016572,Chemical) :: ['cyclosporin A']


abstract: AIM: Comorbidity of some @entity148 and @entity308 were examined in order to compare their statistical closeness. METHOD: @entity1 treated in an out- @entity1 care center for @entity146 and/or family medicine were recruited. @entity1 that have @entity148 and @entity308 as a consequence of somatic illnesses or consequence of other @entity146 were excluded. Disorders were diagnosed a with diagnostic questionnaire based on Schedule for Assessment in Neuropsychiatry (SCAN), version 2.0, according to ICD-10 criteria. Analyses include selected disorders: generalized @entity148 , @entity4697 , @entity8396 , @entity6542 , social @entity913 and @entity308 . RESULTS: 104 @entity1 were included. 35 of them (33.7%) had @entity148 , 13 @entity1 (12.5%) have @entity308 . Analyses show that in @entity1 with generalized @entity148 , @entity308 occurred at least twice as often as in the remaining @entity1 (odds ratio = 7.1), while in @entity1 with @entity8396 the occurrence of @entity4697 increased at least by 2.88 times (odds ratio = 11.9). In other disorders the odds ratios was greater than 1, but the differences were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: @entity308 /generalized @entity148 and @entity8396 / @entity4697 were shown to be statistically closer than other disorders.

title: [Comorbidity of different forms of @entity148 and XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Persons', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity6542 :: ('MESH:C562465', 'Disease') :: ['specific phobias']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression', 'depressive symptoms', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity4697 :: ('MESH:D016584', 'Disease') :: ['panic disorder']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric disorders']

entities_list: @entity8396 :: ('MESH:D000379', 'Disease') :: ['agoraphobia']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['anxiety disorder', 'anxiety', 'anxiety disorders']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['depression']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The multimodal approach to treatment of @entity980 ( @entity980 ) has improved survival rates, but there is now a focus on the effect on quality of life. Our aim was to evaluate erectile function in @entity1 with @entity980 ( @entity980 ) who underwent chemotherapy, radiotherapy, cystectomy and continent urinary diversion. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We evaluated four eligible @entity1 (age  >  14 years) from our genitourinary @entity980 database. In two @entity1 the reservoir was constructed at the same time of the cystectomy and in two after undiversion of an ileal conduit. All @entity1 were treated with chemotherapy and radiation therapy before cystectomy. We used a questionnaire to estimate erectile function in adolescents and young adults. There were four questions, each one to be scored 1-5, assessing capability to masturbate. RESULTS: Mean follow up after cystectomy was 9.75 years. We considered that two @entity1 had erections of good quality (scores 18 and 20) and two of moderate quality (scores 8 and 10). One @entity1 had a good response to @entity7855 administration. CONCLUSION: Our data demonstrate that it is possible to keep erectile function during masturbation in @entity1 with @entity980 who have undergone chemotherapy, radiotherapy, cystectomy and continent urinary diversion.

title: Sexual function in teenagers after multimodal treatment of pelvic XXXX : A  preliminary report.

entities_list: @entity980 :: ('MESH:D012208', 'Disease') :: ['genitourinary rhabdomyosarcoma', 'RMS', 'rhabdomyosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity7855 :: ('MESH:C101426', 'Chemical') :: ['sildenafil']

answer: @entity980 :: (MESH:D012208,Disease) :: ['rhabdomyosarcoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Generalized @entity738 annulare ( @entity13737 ) is a @entity272 of an unknown etiology. Though some cases of @entity13737 have been reported, few systemic reviews of the clinical and pathological features of @entity13737 have been performed. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to analyze and correlate the clinical and pathological characteristics of @entity13737 in Korean @entity1 . METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study that included 54 biopsy specimens of Korean @entity13737 @entity1 , and the clinical and pathological features of @entity13737 were reviewed and analyzed for their correlation. RESULTS: The cutaneous lesions could be divided into the annular (24, 44%) and nonannular types (30, 56%), and the lesions were more common in males than in females (29 males and 25 females). The incidence of @entity13737 showed a bimodal age distribution. The number of @entity1 who presented within the first decade was 24 cases (44%), and 24 cases (44%) were over the fifth decade. Eight @entity1 (15%) had @entity262 . Especially, @entity6 ( @entity6 ) occurred only in the adult @entity13737 @entity1 over forty years old. The pathological findings showed @entity75 that consisted of either a palisading pattern (28, 52%) or an interstitial pattern (26, 48%). CONCLUSION: In contrast to the previously reported studies, the age of @entity13737 onset showed a bimodal distribution, and @entity13737 was observed more often in males. The prevalence of @entity6 in the @entity13737 affected individuals was higher than that found in the general Korean population. Therefore, it is recommended to perform a work-up for @entity6 in the @entity13737 affected @entity1 who are over forty years old.

title: Clinical and pathological features of generalized XXXX annulare with their correlation: a retrospective multicenter study in Korea.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity738 :: ('MESH:D006099', 'Disease') :: ['granuloma']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus', 'DM']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['dermal granulomatous lesions']

entities_list: @entity262 :: ('MESH:D034721', 'Disease') :: ['systemic diseases']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['benign skin disorder']

answer: @entity738 :: (MESH:D006099,Disease) :: ['granuloma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Overdrainage is a common complication associated with shunt insertion in @entity5083 ( @entity5083 ) @entity1 . Using adjustable valves with antigravity devices has been shown to reduce its incidence. The optimal starting setting of an adjustable shunt valve in @entity5083 is debatable. OBJECTIVE: To audit our single-center practice of setting adjustable valves. METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of clinical records of all @entity5083 @entity1 treated in our unit between 2006 and 2009 by the insertion of shunts with a proGAV valve, recording demographic and clinical data, shunt complications, and revision rates. Radiological reports of postoperative follow-up computed tomography scans of the brain were reviewed for detected @entity3439 . RESULTS: A proGAV adjustable valve was inserted in 50 probable @entity5083 @entity1 between July 2006 and November 2009. Mean    SD age was 76    7 years. Mean follow-up was 15 months. The initial shunt setting was 6    3 cm @entity2507 , and the final setting was 4.9    1.9 cm @entity2507 . Nineteen @entity1 required 24 readjustment procedures (readjustment rate, 38%; readjustment number, 0.48 times per @entity1 ). One @entity1 (2%) developed delayed bilateral @entity3439 after readjustment of his shunt valve setting as an outpatient. CONCLUSION: Starting with a low opening pressure setting on a proGAV adjustable shunt valve does not increase the chances of overdrainage complications and reduces the need for repeated readjustments.

title: Use of the proGAV shunt valve in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5083 :: ('MESH:D006850', 'Disease') :: ['normal-pressure hydrocephalus', 'NPH']

entities_list: @entity3439 :: ('MESH:D006408', 'Disease') :: ['subdural hematoma', 'subdural hematomas']

answer: @entity5083 :: (MESH:D006850,Disease) :: ['normal-pressure hydrocephalus']