abstract: @entity346 is commonly associated with afferent abnormalities that can be detected using a range of investigative modalities. Optical coherence tomography allows high-resolution in vivo imaging of the retina. Recent studies have shown @entity2070 in @entity1 with @entity4068 , @entity6484 mutations, and @entity35625 . Arrested development of the fovea leads to @entity2070 , which causes @entity227 . Previous studies have shown correlations between visual acuity and the degree of @entity2070 . Furthermore, in @entity3641 a @entity75 has been described that is associated with cone @entity528 . @entity1 with @entity3641 also have @entity2070 , however with atypical features. The signs of @entity528 were progressive, which suggests that gene therapy is likely to be most beneficial if given within the first few years of life. With the advent of high speed and ultrahigh resolution optical coherence tomography it is now possible to document reliably the stages of foveal development and cone @entity528 . This will aid clinicians in diagnosis and predicting prognosis in @entity1 with @entity346 .

title: Optical coherence tomography studies provides new insights into diagnosis and prognosis of XXXX : a review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['reduction in visual acuity']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['characteristic lesion']

entities_list: @entity3641 :: ('MESH:D003117', 'Disease') :: ['achromatopsia']

entities_list: @entity2070 :: ('MESH:C537858', 'Disease') :: ['foveal hypoplasia', 'characteristic foveal abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity35625 :: ('MESH:C565005', 'Disease') :: ['isolated foveal hypoplasia']

entities_list: @entity346 :: ('MESH:D009759', 'Disease') :: ['infantile nystagmus', 'Infantile nystagmus']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['photoreceptor degeneration']

answer: @entity346 :: (MESH:D009759,Disease) :: ['infantile nystagmus']


abstract: BACKGROUND: There is conflicting evidence regarding the oncological impact of @entity834 following @entity14 surgery. This study aims to test the hypothesis that @entity834 is independently associated with local recurrence and overall and @entity5 -specific survival. METHODS: Analysis of prospectively collected data from multiple centres in Victoria between 1988 and 2015 including all @entity1 who underwent colon or rectal resection for @entity5 with @entity254 was presented. Overall and @entity5 -specific survival rates and rates of local recurrence were compared using Cox regression analysis. RESULTS: A total of 4892 @entity1 were included, of which 2856 had completed 5-year follow-up. The overall @entity834 rate was 4.0%. Cox regression analysis accounting for differences in age, sex, body mass index, American Society of Anesthesiologists score and @entity5 stage demonstrated that @entity834 was associated with significantly worse 5-year overall survival (   (2)    =   6.459, P   =   0.011) for @entity694 , but only if early deaths were included. There was no difference in 5-year @entity694 -specific survival (   (2)    =   0.582, P   =   0.446) or local recurrence (   (2)    =   0.735, P   =   0.391). For @entity5 , there was no difference in 5-year overall survival (   (2)    =   0.266, P   =   0.606), @entity5 -specific survival (   (2)    =   0.008, P   =   0.928) or local recurrence (   (2)    =   2.192, P   =   0.139). CONCLUSION: @entity834 may reduce 5-year overall survival in @entity694 @entity1 but does not appear to influence the 5-year overall survival in @entity5 @entity1 . There was no effect on local recurrence or @entity5 -specific survival.

title: Impact of XXXX on recurrence and survival after @entity14 surgery: a BioGrid Australia analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity834 :: ('MESH:D057868', 'Disease') :: ['Anastomotic leak', 'anastomotic leak']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'rectal cancer', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon cancer']

answer: @entity834 :: (MESH:D057868,Disease) :: ['anastomotic leak']


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: Tumors that develop in @entity1 with @entity30 tend be multifocal, so field cancerization (the replacement of normal cells with nondysplastic but tumorigenic clones) might contribute to intestinal @entity105 . We investigated patterns of @entity5 development from pretumor intestinal cell clones. METHODS: We performed genetic analyses of multiple areas of intestine from 10 @entity1 with @entity30 and @entity5 . Two @entity1 had multifocal @entity5 ; longitudinal sections were collected from 3 @entity1 . Individual crypts were microdissected and genotyped; clonal dependency analysis was used to determine the order and timing of mutations that led to @entity5 development. RESULTS: The same mutations in @entity984 , @entity986 ( @entity986 ), and @entity876 that were observed in @entity5 were also present in nontumor, nondysplastic, and @entity6349 epithelium. In 2 @entity1 , carcinogenic mutations were detected in nontumor epithelium 4 years before @entity5 developed. The same mutation ( @entity876 @entity31308 ) was detected at multiple sites along the entire length of the colon from 1 @entity1 ; it was the apparent founder mutation for @entity5 and multiple @entity6349 areas. Disruption of @entity876 , @entity986 , and @entity984 were all seen as possible initial events in tumorigenesis; the sequence of mutations (the @entity5 development pathway) differed among lesions. CONCLUSIONS: Pretumor clones can grow extensively in the intestinal epithelium of @entity1 with @entity30 . Segmental resections for @entity5 in @entity1 with @entity30 might therefore leave residual pretumor disease, and @entity1141 might be an unreliable biomarker for @entity5 risk. Characterization of the behavior of pretumor clones might be used to predict the development of @entity5 .

title: Field cancerization in the intestinal epithelium of XXXX with @entity30 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['synchronous tumors', 'tumor', 'neoplasias', 'cancer', 'intestinal neoplasia', 'neoplasia', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity105 :: ('MESH:D063646', 'Disease') :: ['carcinogenesis']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ["Crohn's disease"]

entities_list: @entity6349 :: ('MESH:D004416', 'Disease') :: ['dysplastic']

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['dysplasia']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine corneal levels of topically administered @entity4580 and @entity4581 in a @entity95 model. DESIGN: Experimental animal study. METHODS: Corneas of New Zealand albino @entity95 were treated with topical @entity4580 (2 mg/ml or 4 mg/ml) or @entity4581 (10 mg/ml). Topical @entity4580 was prepared from an intravenous solution and topical @entity4581 from a suspension for oral use. All @entity95 received one drop every 2 hours on the right eye. Groups of @entity95 were treated for the following intervals: 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours (four @entity95 for each combination of time point, drug, and dose). Corneal tissue was removed 1 hour after the last application. To investigate stability of tissue @entity4580 levels, an additional group of four @entity95 was treated for 24 hours, but corneal tissue was not removed until 24 hours later. Samples were homogenized, and drug concentrations were measured using high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis and bioactivity assay. RESULTS: Corneal concentrations of @entity4580 increased with drug dosage and duration of application. @entity95 treated with @entity4580 tolerated the drug well without signs of @entity146 . @entity4581 was undetectable in corneal tissue by HPLC and bioactivity assay for all @entity95 . Some @entity95 treated with @entity4581 had signs of ocular surface @entity146 . CONCLUSION: Measurable concentrations of @entity4580 are achieved in corneal tissue after topical application in a @entity95 model, and the drug is well tolerated. @entity4580 may be a useful antibiotic for the topical treatment of @entity1 @entity281 , but @entity4581 , in currently available formulations, may not be effective because of poor tissue penetration.

title: Corneal pharmacokinetics of topically applied XXXX and @entity4581 .

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['irritation']

entities_list: @entity4581 :: ('MESH:D017291', 'Chemical') :: ['Clarithromycin', 'clarithromycin']

entities_list: @entity95 :: ('9986', 'Species') :: ['Rabbits', 'rabbits', 'rabbit']

entities_list: @entity4580 :: ('MESH:D017963', 'Chemical') :: ['azithromycin', 'Azithromycin']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['corneal infections']

answer: @entity4580 :: (MESH:D017963,Chemical) :: ['azithromycin']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity1 treated with an extensive approach including total aortic arch replacement for @entity697 may have a favorable long-term prognosis by treating the residual false lumen. Our goal was to analyze the operative strategy for treatment of @entity196 DeBakey aortic dissection from the German Registry for Acute @entity1580 (GERAADA) data. METHODS: A total of 658 @entity1 with @entity196 DeBakey aortic dissection and entry only in the ascending aorta were identified in the GERAADA. @entity1 in group A underwent replacement of the ascending aorta with hemiarch replacement. @entity1 in group B received extensive treatment with total arch replacement or conventional or frozen @entity7105 trunk. RESULTS: A total of 518 @entity1 in group A and 140 @entity1 in group B were treated. There was an overall 30-day mortality of 20.2% (n = 133). Group A had a slightly lower rate of mortality with 18.7% (n = 97) compared with 25.7% for group B (n = 36), but with no statistical significant difference (P = .067). The onset of new @entity51 (13.6% in group vs 12.5% in group B, P = .78) and new malperfusion deficit (8.4% in group A vs 10.7% in group B, P = .53) showed no statistical difference. CONCLUSIONS: On analysis of the GERAADA data, it seems that a more aggressive approach of aortic arch treatment can be applied without higher perioperative risk even in the onset of @entity697 . Long-term follow-up data analysis will be necessary to offer the optimal surgical strategy for different @entity1 groups.

title: Influence of operative strategy for the aortic arch in DeBakey XXXX aortic dissection: analysis of the German Registry for Acute @entity1580 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute aortic dissection type A']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurologic deficit']

entities_list: @entity1580 :: ('MESH:C562834', 'Disease') :: ['Aortic Dissection Type A']

answer: @entity196 :: (MESH:D020754,Disease) :: ['type I']


abstract: Fifty @entity1 affected by histologically confirmed @entity1820 ( @entity1820 ) were treated with oral tegafur (TG) 1,000 mg m-2 p.o. on days 1-14 repeated after a 14 day interval. Out of 42 evaluable @entity1 seven @entity1 had a partial response (PR. 17%) with a median duration of 20.5 weeks, three had a minimal response (7%) with a median duration of 23.7 weeks, nine showed a stabilisation which lasted a median of 31.3 weeks, and 23 progressed (55%). No response was obtained in @entity1 affected by @entity788 . All PRs were achieved in @entity1 with metastatic disease to the liver. No response was seen in @entity1 with bone, lung or nodal @entity3 . Three PRs were obtained in @entity1 resistant to @entity1487 . The difference in survival between @entity1 who achieved PR and those who had a stabilisation was not statistically significant. On the other hand the survival of @entity1 with PR was significantly longer than that of @entity1 who progressed. Oral TG was well tolerated by most @entity1 . WHO grade 1-2 gastrointestinal and neurological @entity137 were seen respectively in 36% and 25% of cases. Five @entity1 had grade 3 @entity390 / @entity391 and one had grade 3 @entity294 . Our data suggest that oral TG is effective in the treatment of stomach and @entity14 .

title: Oral tegafur in the treatment of XXXX : a phase II study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma of the pancreas and the hepatobiliary system']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhoea']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity1820 :: ('MESH:D005770', 'Disease') :: ['GTC', 'gastrointestinal tract cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancers']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['5-fluorouracil']

answer: @entity1820 :: (MESH:D005770,Disease) :: ['gastrointestinal tract cancers']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical characteristics of 5 non-proliferative @entity6 (non- @entity31842 ) groups classified by blood flow patterns on color Doppler imaging( @entity6659 ). METHODS: Eighty-one @entity6 @entity1 with non- @entity31842 and normal serum albumin were examined by standard ophthalmic examinations with @entity6659 and evaluated. RESULTS: Fifteen cases (18.5%) showed a normal blood flow pattern, and 26 cases (32.1%) showed a lower velocity only in the central retinal artery (CRA) as seen in conventional @entity6 . Twenty-nine cases (35.8%) showed a higher velocity in the central retinal vein (CRV) than CRA. Nine cases (ll.l%) had a blood flow pattern as seen in @entity453 . The remaining 2 cases (2.5%) showed a blood flow pattern as seen in occlusive @entity2998 . @entity1 with narrowed CRV had significantly more frequent @entity1103 . @entity1 with @entity453 were significantly older, had lower diastolic blood pressure, and poorer visual acuity. CONCLUSIONS: Half of the subjects with non- @entity31842 belonged to subgroups with specific CDIs, related to @entity6 and @entity2194 . It would be useful to predict the prognosis of non- @entity31842 by @entity6659 .

title: [Evaluation of non-proliferative XXXX with subgroups classified by orbital color Doppler imaging].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2194 :: ('MESH:D005128', 'Disease') :: ['ocular ischemy']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetic maculopathy', 'diabetic retinopathy']

entities_list: @entity2998 :: ('MESH:D002340', 'Disease') :: ['carotid artery disease']

entities_list: @entity1103 :: ('MESH:D008269', 'Disease') :: ['cystoid macular edema']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetic retinopathy']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine whether prior oral-contraceptive use has a negative effect on the ability of @entity1 to conceive in both the short-term and long-term. METHODS: The European Active Surveillance Study on Oral Contraceptives (EURAS-OC) was a controlled, prospective, noninterventional cohort study of 59,510 users of oral contraceptives containing @entity4863 or other @entity7828 in clinical practice in seven European countries. In a planned secondary analysis, pregnancy outcomes were investigated in 2,064 @entity1 in EURAS-OC who stopped oral-contraceptive use after study entry because of planned pregnancy. The influence of age, parity, progestin type, @entity2082 dose, duration of oral-contraceptive use, and smoking status on the rate of pregnancy was assessed. RESULTS: Overall, 21.1% (95% confidence interval [CI] 19.4-23.0%) of the past oral-contraceptive users were pregnant one cycle after oral-contraceptive cessation. This rate increased to 79.4% (95% CI 77.6-81.1%) at 1 year (13 cycles). Progestin type, @entity2082 dose, duration of oral-contraceptive use, and parity had no major influence on the rate of pregnancy after oral-contraceptive cessation. Up to age 35 years, age had only a minor influence on the rate of pregnancy. Rates of pregnancy were reduced in @entity1 older than 35 years and in current smokers. CONCLUSION: Previous oral-contraceptive use does not negatively affect initial and 1-year rates of pregnancy after oral-contraceptive cessation. A comparison of these data with data external to this study indicates that the negative effect of aging on fecundity is not amplified by oral-contraceptive use. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: II.

title: Rate of pregnancy after using XXXX and other progestin-containing oral contraceptives.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women']

entities_list: @entity2082 :: ('MESH:D004997', 'Chemical') :: ['ethinylestradiol']

entities_list: @entity4863 :: ('MESH:C035144', 'Chemical') :: ['drospirenone']

entities_list: @entity7828 :: ('MESH:D011372', 'Chemical') :: ['progestins']

answer: @entity4863 :: (MESH:C035144,Chemical) :: ['drospirenone']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity205 ( @entity870 ) is effective in the short-term for severe, @entity134 refractory @entity31 ; but its use has been limited by concerns about safety and colectomy-sparing rates. The aim of this study was to assess the long-term colectomy-sparing effects and safety of @entity870 in @entity1 hospitalized for @entity31 . METHODS: Review of the @entity1 who underwent intravenous @entity870 for @entity31 between 1989 and 2003. RESULTS: A total of 71 @entity1 with severe @entity31 were treated with IV @entity870 . The median length of follow-up was 1.5 years (mean=3 y) (range 1 mo to 14 y) (IQR 0.6 to 4.6). Eighty-five percent (60/71) of @entity1 responded to IV @entity870 and were discharged on oral @entity870 . Of these 60 @entity1 , 26 were transitioned from @entity870 to 6MP. Of the 26 @entity1 who were transitioned from @entity870 to 6MP, only 1 @entity1 (4%) ultimately required colectomy; whereas colectomy was carried out in 76% (26/34) of the @entity1 who were not transitioned from @entity870 to 6MP. Only concomitant 6MP therapy was associated with a reduced risk of colectomy (OR 0.01, 95% CI 0.001, 0.09, P<0.0001) on long-term follow-up in this group. Cumulative colectomy rates for the entire cohort were 39% (28/71) at 1 year, 42% (30/71) at 2 years, and 46% (33/71) at 5 years. Side effects were noted in two-thirds of the @entity1 , the majority of which were mild. CONCLUSION: @entity870 is an effective therapy for severe @entity31 . Long-term efficacy is improved with transition to 6MP. Adverse events with @entity870 are frequent, but most are mild.

title: @entity205 is safe and effective in @entity1 with severe XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative colitis']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['Cyclosporine']

answer: @entity31 :: (MESH:D003093,Disease) :: ['ulcerative colitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The use of high-dose interferon alpha as adjuvant therapy has been shown for the first time to improve recurrence-free and overall survival in stage II @entity320 . The aim of our work was to evaluate the @entity137 of this therapeutic scheme during a 1-year period in 13 @entity1 with @entity320 . @entity1 AND METHODS: Thirteen @entity1 , mean age 56 years, with @entity320 were included. Interferon alpha was administered at the dose of 20 MU per m2 body surface area five days per week for four weeks during the induction phase and at the dose of 10 MU subcutaneously three times a week for 48 weeks in the maintenance phase. @entity1 underwent clinical assessment daily and had blood tests twice a week during the induction phase. Weekly blood tests and monthly examinations were then performed during the maintenance phase. Clinical and biological @entity137 was evaluated in accordance with the WHO scores. Grade 3 @entity137 led to a 30 p. 100 dose reduction and treatment was interrupted in case of grade 4 @entity137 . RESULTS: @entity1129 (grade 1-2) and digestive disorders, @entity390 , @entity448 related to @entity2342 or @entity2133 were observed in most of the @entity1 during the induction phase and persisted in 30% of the @entity1 during the maintenance phase. Six @entity1 developed a state of @entity308 (grade 2-3) which persisted during the maintenance phase, inciting us to prescribe an antidepressor regimen for all our @entity1 . One @entity1 developed major reversible @entity1665 at dose reduction. Nine @entity1 had grade 1 or grade 2 @entity1398 and four had grade 3 @entity1398 . Seven @entity1 developed grade 1-2 @entity882 , six had elevated transaminase levels (grade 1-2) and two moderately elevated CPK. CONCLUSION: At the end of the induction phase of interferon alpha therapy in 13 @entity1 with @entity320 , 8/13 had received 100 p. 100 of the theoretical dose and 11/13 had received 80 p. 100. At the end of the treatment protocol, 5/10 @entity1 had received 100 p. 100 of the theoretical dose and 8/10 more than 80 p. 100. The proposed protocol appears to be feasible without major risk. Rigorous clinical and biological surveillance is mandatory.

title: [Tolerance and feasibility of adjuvant treatment of stage II XXXX with high-dose interferon-alpha].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity448 :: ('MESH:D000855', 'Disease') :: ['anorexia']

entities_list: @entity2342 :: ('MESH:D004408', 'Disease') :: ['dysgeusia']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity1129 :: ('MESH:D001260', 'Disease') :: ['A flu-like syndrome']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['stage II melanoma', 'malignant melanoma']

answer: @entity320 :: (MESH:D008545,Disease) :: ['malignant melanoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Sympathetic blockade with local anesthetics is used frequently in the management of complex regional @entity158 ( @entity6866 -1), with variable degrees of success in @entity158 relief. The current study investigated which signs or symptoms of @entity6866 -1 could be predictive of outcome. The incidence of side effects and complications of sympathetic blockade also were determined prospectively. METHODS: A prospective observational study was done of 49 @entity1 with @entity6866 -1 in one extremity only and for less than 1-yr duration who had severe @entity158 and persistent functional impairment with no response to standard treatment with medication and physical therapy. RESULTS: Fifteen (31%) @entity1 had good or moderate response. The response rate was not different in @entity1 groups with cold or warm type @entity6866 -1 or in those with more or less than 1.5  C differential increase in skin temperature after sympathetic blockade. @entity1931 and @entity1183 were negative predictors for treatment success in @entity6866 -1. There were no symptoms or signs of @entity6866 -1 that positively predicted treatment success. A majority of @entity1 (84%) experienced transient side effects such as @entity10 , @entity1282 , @entity158 , groin @entity158 , hoarseness, and @entity1410 at the puncture site. No major complications were reported. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of @entity1931 and @entity1183 are negative predictors for treatment success. The selection of sympathetic blockade as treatment for @entity6866 -1 should be balanced carefully between potential success and side effect ratio. The procedure is as likely to cause a transient increase in @entity158 as a decrease in @entity158 . @entity1 should be informed accordingly.

title: Predictors of @entity158 relieving response to sympathetic blockade in complex regional XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1183 :: ('MESH:D006987', 'Disease') :: ['hypoesthesia']

entities_list: @entity1931 :: ('MESH:D006930', 'Disease') :: ['allodynia', 'Allodynia']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'increased pain, backache, nausea, blurred vision', 'pain syndrome type 1']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['dysphagia']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain syndrome type 1']


abstract: The aim of our study was to establish whether plain abdominal film can accurately assess the extent of active @entity31 . Ninety-seven @entity31 @entity1 were studied, in whom the extent of the macroscopic lesion was established either by colonoscopy (n = 75) or by resection (n = 22). Of these, 42 had @entity9916 , 12 left-sided @entity1960 , 12 @entity1960 , and 31 @entity1960 . Nine well-tested features were used for the radiological classification of lesion extent. The radiologists were not given any clinical information. Seventy-eight @entity1 (80.4%) were correctly classified by plain abdominal film (r = 0.86); the best concordance was achieved for @entity1960 (80.9 and 90.3%, respectively). In @entity1960 the most reliable radiological features were "irregularity of the mucosal edge" and "increased thickness of the colon wall, " which were present in 74.2 and 67.7%, respectively, of the correctly classified @entity1 . The fourfold combination of these two features with "loss of @entity2419 " and "empty right colon" was present only in @entity1 with @entity1960 , and at least one of these features was present in all but one of them. Conversely, all nine abnormalities were absent in 73.8% of @entity1 with @entity9916 . In conclusion, plain abdominal film is a reliable tool for judging the extent of lesion in active @entity31 . It seems particularly accurate in @entity1960 , where, in the acute phases, it is most important to avoid invasive examinations.

title: The plain abdominal film accurately estimates extent of active XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity9916 :: ('MESH:D011350', 'Disease') :: ['proctosigmoiditis']

entities_list: @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative colitis']

entities_list: @entity1960 :: ('MESH:D003092', 'Disease') :: ['proctosigmoiditis and total colitis', 'colitis', 'total colitis', 'subtotal colitis']

entities_list: @entity2419 :: ('MESH:D002972', 'Disease') :: ['haustral clefts']

answer: @entity31 :: (MESH:D003093,Disease) :: ['ulcerative colitis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Several techniques have been described for the treatment of @entity439 in @entity1 with @entity2333 ( @entity2333 ), but the incidence of @entity64 , @entity1566 , and @entity1070 remains high. We present the midterm results of a new hybrid, multistep technique to treat @entity1 with @entity2333 . METHODS: From November 2005 to January 2011, 80 @entity1 with @entity2333 underwent hybrid repair of @entity439 with the Lupiae technique. Forty-six @entity1 presented with chronic @entity449 , and 34 @entity1 who had undergone aortic arch debranching with the Lupiae graft for @entity697 presented with an expanding false lumen into the residual aorta. Sixty @entity1 underwent ascending aorta and arch replacement with a Gelweave Lupiae prosthesis plus epiaortic vessel debranching ( @entity1514 Lupiae procedure). Fourteen @entity1 underwent a @entity1514 Lupiae procedure plus partial visceral debranching (celiac trunk and superior mesenteric artery) through a mini-laparotomy. Six @entity1 underwent a @entity1514 Lupiae procedure plus a complete visceral debranching (celiac trunk, superior mesenteric artery, and renal arteries) with the implant of a second Lupiae prosthesis to replace the abdominal aorta. After the surgical steps, all the surviving @entity1 underwent an endovascular procedure to implant multiple stent grafts to exclude the residual segment of diseased aorta. RESULTS: In-hospital mortality was 8.4%, and the incidence of @entity177 was 5.2%. None of the @entity1 had a @entity64 or a @entity1566 , and none of the @entity1 presented @entity1070 immediately following the procedure or during the follow-up computed tomography scans. No @entity204 occurred during the 6-year follow-up after the hybrid procedure. CONCLUSIONS: These preliminary results showed that the Lupiae technique is a safe and effective option for the treatment of @entity1 with @entity2333 . Indeed, the Lupiae technique achieves complete exclusion of @entity439 with a low risk of @entity451 and @entity1070 .

title: Hybrid repair of XXXX and thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms ( @entity2333 ) with lupiae technique.

entities_list: @entity449 :: ('MESH:D001014', 'Disease') :: ['aortic aneurysms']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute aortic dissection']

entities_list: @entity1070 :: ('MESH:D057867', 'Disease') :: ['endoleaks']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['temporary renal failure']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['thoracic and thoracoabdominal aneurysms']

entities_list: @entity1566 :: ('MESH:D013119', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord injury']

entities_list: @entity451 :: ('MESH:C536857', 'Disease') :: ['paraplegia']

entities_list: @entity2333 :: ('MESH:D001018', 'Disease') :: ['mega aortic syndrome', 'MAS']

answer: @entity1514 :: (MESH:D013896,Disease) :: ['thoracic']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Unfractionated heparin has been traditionally used for anticoagulation during hemodialysis (HD), but more recently low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) is being used as an alternative. Anti-Xa activity can be measured as a surrogate of LMWH efficacy. We present 52 @entity1 treated with @entity23294 anticoagulation on HD, confirming that fixed dosing is safe and efficacious with sound pharmacodynamic reason in relation to anti-Xa profiling. METHODS: We undertook a prospective audit in a single dialysis unit. All @entity1 were established on a simple anticoagulation protocol for at least 1 month prior to the audit. Blood anti-Xa activity was measured at time 0, 30, 60 and 120 min into and at the end of HD. Efficacy and safety data were collected on the study day and the two sessions before and after it. RESULTS: Fifty-two @entity1 were included in the efficacy and safety analysis with 43 patients undergoing anti-Xa analysis (9 sampling errors). Using current consensus (an end-HD anti-Xa activity of <0.4 IU/ml), our fixed-dose protocol resulted in satisfactory safety in all @entity1 tested. Of 260 HD sessions, 10 (4%) had reduced @entity23294 efficacy. During 105 dialysis sessions (21 @entity1 ) using an arteriovenous @entity292 , 4 @entity1 had one episode of @entity548 and there were 6 episodes (2 @entity1 ) of post-needle-compression time greater than 15 min. CONCLUSION: @entity23294 administered thrice weekly as a fixed dose has good efficacy and is well tolerated as an anticoagulant during HD when used according to our protocol.

title: Anti-Xa activity supports using a simple dosing algorithm for XXXX for anticoagulation in hemodialysis.

entities_list: @entity23294 :: ('MESH:C081247', 'Chemical') :: ['tinzaparin', 'Tinzaparin']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['minor bleeding']

answer: @entity23294 :: (MESH:C081247,Chemical) :: ['tinzaparin']


abstract: Oxidative stress, an imbalance between reactive @entity26 species production and antioxidative defense activity, is believed to have a role in the development and pathogenesis of @entity480 ( @entity480 ). Based on this assumption, several known oxidants and antioxidants have been studied in @entity1 with @entity480 . The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between oxidative stress parameters with a more valid and reliable method in @entity1 with @entity480 . Seventy-three @entity1 with @entity480 , septal deviations and middle concha @entity1184 were recruited. @entity1 were divided into two groups; group 1 (n = 38) consisted of @entity1 with @entity480 , and group 2 (n = 35) included @entity1 with septal deviations and middle concha @entity1184 . Polyp specimens were taken from all @entity1 who underwent endoscopic surgery for @entity480 . Control specimens were obtained from @entity1 who underwent an operation for septoplasty or middle concha @entity1184 . Blood and tissue samples were obtained to assess @entity66 ( @entity66 ), @entity159 ( @entity159 ) and @entity66 ( @entity66 ). Compared to group 2, group 1 had significantly higher @entity66 and @entity66 and lower @entity159 levels both in serum and tissue samples (p < 0.001 for all). In group 1, tissue @entity66 and @entity66 levels were significantly higher, and @entity159 levels were significantly lower than in serum (p < 0.001 for all), whereas no significant difference was found in @entity66 , @entity66 and @entity159 levels either in serum or tissue samples in group 2 (p = 1.0; p = 1; p = 0.208, respectively). In group 1, serum @entity66 levels were significantly correlated with age (r = 0.442, p = 0.005). Our study demonstrated that oxidative stress, both in serum and tissues in @entity1 with @entity480 , was higher than in @entity1 without @entity480 . Our study differs from previous studies in that we used a more reliable method that measures both @entity66 and @entity159 .

title: Evaluation of total oxidative stress parameters in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['total oxidant status', 'OSI', 'oxidative stress index', 'TOS']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophies', 'hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity480 :: ('MESH:D009298', 'Disease') :: ['NPs', 'nasal polyps']

entities_list: @entity159 :: ('MESH:D013226', 'Disease') :: ['total antioxidant status', 'TAS']

answer: @entity480 :: (MESH:D009298,Disease) :: ['nasal polyps']


abstract: The primary aim of the present study was to investigate if overweight and @entity28 compared to lean individuals displayed differences in levels of inflammatory markers in circulation, skeletal muscle (SM) and @entity1386 ( @entity1386 ) after acute exercise. Fifteen lean (BMI: 22.4    2 kg/m(2)) and 16 overweight or @entity28 (BMI 31.8    3 kg/m(2)) individuals were included in the study. They completed 120 min of ergometer bicycling at 55-60 % of maximal heart rate. Blood samples were obtained at baseline (T = 0), after 60 (T = 60) and 120 min of exercise (T = 120), and analyzed using an ELISA method. SM and @entity1386 biopsies were obtained at T0 and T120, and mRNA expression was investigated using a Real-time RT-PCR method. Circulating @entity650 , @entity310 , @entity687 , and @entity8252 all increased at T = 120 min (p < 0.01). Circulating @entity650 and @entity8252 increased in all subjects at T = 120 min (p < 0.01), but only the increase of @entity650 was significantly higher in overweight and @entity28 subjects (p < 0.05), and was positively correlated with body fat percentage (p < 0.01). Circulating @entity687 and @entity310 were increased in overweight and @entity28 (p < 0.05) but not in lean subjects. Acute exercise induced an increase in @entity650 mRNA expression in SM biopsies (p < 0.05). @entity650 as well as @entity1254 mRNA expression was increased in @entity1386 biopsies (p < 0.05); however, no effect of body weight was found. The findings suggest that the systemic inflammatory response to acute exercise is different in lean compared to overweight and @entity28 subjects, with a more pronounced increase in inflammatory markers (e.g., @entity650 , @entity687 , and @entity310 ) in overweight and @entity28 individuals.

title: Acute exercise increases circulating inflammatory markers in overweight and XXXX compared with lean subjects.

entities_list: @entity1386 :: ('MESH:D018205', 'Disease') :: ['adipose tissue', 'AT']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obese']


abstract: @entity1 are advised not to attempt pregnancy while on @entity1862 (HU) due to the teratogenic effects of this agent, based on results obtained from animal studies. Several case reports suggest that HU may have minimal or no teratogenic effects on the developing @entity1 fetus. Fourteen cases of HU therapy in pregnant @entity1 diagnosed with @entity3052 , @entity4407 , or @entity3458 ( @entity3458 ) have been reported. Three pregnancies were terminated by elective abortion; 1 @entity1 developed @entity3036 and delivered a phenotypically normal stillborn @entity1 . All other @entity1 delivered live, healthy @entity1 without @entity154 . We contend that case studies such as these have too few @entity1 and cannot effectively address the adverse effect of HU on preimplantation embryo or fetuses. The objective of this study was to assess the risks associated with a clinically relevant dose of HU used for the treatment of @entity3458 , on ovulation rate and embryo development, using adult C57BL/6J female @entity19 as a model. In Experiment 1, adult female @entity19 were randomly assigned to a treatment or a control group (N = 20/group). Treatment consisted of oral HU (30 mg/kg) for 28 days; while control @entity19 received saline (HU vehicle). Five days to the cessation of HU dosing, all @entity19 were subjected to folliculogenesis induction with pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG). Five @entity19 /group were anesthetized at 48 hours post PMSG to facilitate blood collection via cardiac puncture for @entity53 (E(2)) measurement by RIA. Ovulation was induced in the remaining @entity19 at 48 hours post PMSG with @entity1 @entity1465 and immediately caged with adult males for mating. Five plugged female @entity19 /group were sacrificed for the determination of ovulation rate. The remaining mated @entity19 were sacrificed about 26 hours post hCG, ovaries excised and weighed and embryos harvested and cultured in Whitten's medium (WM) supplemented with CZBt. In Experiments 2 and 3, (N = 10/Experiment) folliculogenesis and ovulation were induced in untreated @entity19 followed by mating. Recovered embryos were either exposed continuously (Experiment 2) or intermittently (Experiment 3) to bioavailable HU (18 microg HU/mL of WM + CZBt) or WM + CZBt only (control). Treated @entity19 sustained decreased ovarian wt, ovulation rate and circulating E(2) compared with controls (P < 0.05). Fewer embryos retrieved from HU-treated @entity19 developed to blastocyst stage (32%) compared with those from controls (60%; P < 0.05). Furthermore, continuous or intermittent in vitro exposures of embryos to HU also resulted in reduced development to blastocyst stage (continuous HU, 9 vs. control, 63%; P < 0.05; intermittent HU, 20 vs. control, 62%; P < 0.05) with embryos exposed continuously to HU in vitro fairing worse. Even though HU is well tolerated, our data suggest that it compromises folliculogenesis and the ability of generated embryos to develop. Therefore, designed studies with larger numbers of @entity1 receiving HU during pregnancy, with longer follow-up of exposed @entity1 and more careful assessment of embryo/fetotoxic effects, are required before this agent can be promoted as safe in pregnancy.

title: Perturbation of the developmental potential of preimplantation @entity19 embryos by XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'human', 'patients', 'woman', 'Women', 'infants', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['congenital anomalies']

entities_list: @entity1465 :: ('93659', 'Gene') :: ['chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)']

entities_list: @entity1862 :: ('MESH:D006918', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxyurea']

entities_list: @entity3458 :: ('MESH:D000755', 'Disease') :: ['SCD', 'sickle cell disease']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute or chronic myelogenous leukemia']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['estradiol-17beta']

entities_list: @entity3036 :: ('MESH:D004461', 'Disease') :: ['eclampsia']

entities_list: @entity4407 :: ('MESH:D013920', 'Disease') :: ['primary thrombocythemia']

answer: @entity1862 :: (MESH:D006918,Chemical) :: ['hydroxyurea']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Postoperative @entity73 (POCD) is a frequent complication after cardiac surgery. Although intraoperative events are risk factors for POCD, the role played by preoperative hypoperfusion in @entity73 has not yet been investigated. It is also unknown whether the impact of preoperative hypoperfusion in the left or right middle cerebral arteries (MCAs) can differentially account for POCD. The main aims of this study were to investigate whether preoperative @entity1779 was associated with early POCD and whether lateralized hypoperfusion would differentially affect POCD in @entity1 after cardiac surgery. METHODS: Bilateral MCA continuous transcranial Doppler (TCD) sonography was preoperatively performed at rest in 31 right-handed @entity1 who underwent cardiac surgery to detect cerebral blood flow (CBF) velocity. All @entity1 completed a neuropsychological evaluation to assess attention, short-term memory, working memory, and psychomotor function before surgery and at discharge. POCD was defined using the standard deviation method. Logistic regression was used to investigate the association between hypoperfusion and POCD, controlling for common preoperative risk factors. RESULTS: Fourteen @entity1 (45%) exhibited POCD. @entity1779 in the left MCA selectively predicted the incidence of POCD (odds ratio = 0.90, p < .02), whereas CBF velocity in the right MCA was unrelated to POCD (odds ratio = 1.07, p = .39). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 who underwent cardiac surgery with reduced CBF velocity in the left MCA preoperatively are at greater risk for POCD. Left @entity1779 may also represent an independent predictor of POCD in these @entity1 . TCD evaluation may have substantial clinical benefits for the detection of @entity1 at high risk of POCD after cardiac surgery.

title: Preoperative XXXX in the left, not in the right, hemisphere is associated with @entity73 after cardiac surgery.

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive decline']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral hypoperfusion', 'Cerebral hypoperfusion']

answer: @entity1779 :: (MESH:D002543,Disease) :: ['cerebral hypoperfusion']


abstract: The incidence of both early postinfarction @entity2396 and post- @entity583 ( @entity12898 ) appears to be declining. @entity158 and @entity2294 rub define early postinfarction @entity2396 and usually develop on day 2 or 3 after a transmural @entity583 . The clinical course is benign, and the prognosis of the @entity1 is not altered by development of this complication. @entity2294 have been found in as many as 28% of @entity1 after @entity697 . Asymptomatic pericardial effusions do not require specific therapy nor do they absolutely contraindicate the use of anticoagulation as was previously thought. The preferred form of therapy for early postinfarction @entity2396 is @entity117 . Avoidance of corticosteroids and NSAIDs must be considered carefully because of the reported complications of these agents. The post- @entity583 develops usually during the second or third week after @entity697 but may be seen as early as 24 hours and as late as several months after the MI. Whether this syndrome is the result of autosensitization to myocardial antigens released into the circulation during infarction remains uncertain. Alternative hypotheses for the causation of the syndrome include the release of blood in the pericardial space and simply that the syndrome represents a prolonged and exaggerated form of early postinfarction @entity2396 . Clinically, post- @entity583 is manifested by fever, malaise, @entity662 , and the presence of a pericardial and possibly pleuropericardial friction rub. Pericardial effusion is frequently large, and, rarely, @entity2293 may develop and require pericardiocentesis. Treatment consists of @entity117 , NSAIDs, or @entity288 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Pericardial involvement in acute XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['chest pain']

entities_list: @entity2293 :: ('MESH:D002305', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac tamponade']

entities_list: @entity2294 :: ('MESH:D010490', 'Disease') :: ['pericardial friction', 'Pericardial effusions']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity2396 :: ('MESH:D010493', 'Disease') :: ['pericarditis']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['Pericardial pain']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'myocardial infarction syndrome']

entities_list: @entity12898 :: ('MESH:C538618', 'Disease') :: ["Dressler's syndrome"]

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarction']


abstract: The effects of neurotransmitters or drugs on the release of endogenous @entity935 (DA) and extracellular levels of its metabolites, @entity4925 ( @entity4925 ) and @entity4926 ( @entity3829 ), were examined in vivo by intracerebral dialysis. A dialysis tube was implanted stereotaxically through bilateral caudate nuclei of @entity35 and perfused with the Ringer solution. Amounts of DA, @entity4925 and @entity3829 in the perfusates were measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with electrochemical detection. The basal level of DA was 2.76 +/- 0.64 pg/min, whereas the levels of @entity4925 and @entity3829 were 218.7 +/- 20.7 and 142.4 +/- 10.6 pg/min, respectively. @entity3826 (4 mg/kg, i.v.) reduced the efflux of DA and its metabolites. @entity1767 (0.4 mg/kg, i.v.) did not change DA release and produced only a minor increase of its metabolites. This increase of metabolites was inhibited by @entity4927 . Met- @entity3000 (10(-4) M), substance P (10(-4) M) and @entity934 (10(-4) M) added to the perfusing medium increased the release of DA. Met-enkephalin also increased the release of @entity4925 . @entity34637 ( @entity1246 , 10(-4) M) reduced the release of @entity4925 and @entity3829 when added to the perfusing medium. @entity10447 ( @entity1218 , 5 mg/kg, i.v.) increased the release of @entity3829 . These findings indicated that different mechanisms mediated effects of neurotransmitters or drugs on the release and metabolism of DA in the @entity35 striatum.

title: Effects of neurotransmitters or drugs on the in vivo release of XXXX and its metabolites.

entities_list: @entity4925 :: ('MESH:D015102', 'Chemical') :: ['DOPAC', '3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid']

entities_list: @entity34637 :: ('CHEBI:16865', 'Chemical') :: ['gamma-Amino-n-butyric acid']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity4927 :: ('MESH:D010293', 'Chemical') :: ['pargyline']

entities_list: @entity10447 :: ('25569(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['Thyrotropin releasing hormone']

entities_list: @entity3826 :: ('MESH:D001058', 'Chemical') :: ['Apomorphine']

entities_list: @entity1767 :: ('MESH:D006220', 'Chemical') :: ['Haloperidol']

entities_list: @entity4926 :: ('MESH:D006719', 'Chemical') :: ['homovanillic acid']

entities_list: @entity3000 :: ('MESH:D004745', 'Chemical') :: ['enkephalin']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine chloride']

answer: @entity935 :: (MESH:D004298,Chemical) :: ['dopamine']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of Hymovis   in the symptomatic treatment of @entity626 ( @entity571 ). @entity1 AND METHODS: This is a prospective, multi-center, open label, phase III clinical study. Two intra-articular injections (3 mL) of Hymovis   (8 mg/mL HYADD   4) were administered 1 week apart at the beginning of the study on day 0 and day 7 and after 6 months from baseline, on day 182 and 189. Follow-up assessment were conducted for 52 weeks. 50 subjects, > 40 years old, with knee @entity571 , with clinical and radiological confirm, complain @entity158 in the target knee were enrolled. The variables considered were: WOMAC questionnaire, Joint Space Width (JSW), OMERACT OARSI responder criteria, EQ-5D questionnaire, rescue medication consumption. RESULTS: After the injections of Hymovis  , @entity158 perceived by the @entity1 when walking on a flat surface (WOMAC A1 score) significantly improves at the end of the study respect to the baseline. WOMAC stiffness, physical function and total score significantly improve during the study since 3 months after treatment, and it is maintained up to the end of the study (p < 0.001). By the x- @entity16039 analysis of knee, a radiological progression of @entity571 was observed in the 26% of @entity1 at the end of the study, while 88% of @entity1 result to be responder to the therapy classified as per OMERACT-OARSI criteria. The EQ-5D weighted index increased significantly, against baseline, at each study time point (p < 0.001). Investigator's and @entity1 's global assessment of the disease measured by the VAS both show a marked improvement in @entity1 's health conditions. CONCLUSIONS: Results from this study confirm that Hymovis   alleviate the knee @entity158 since the first treatment cycle. The @entity1 treated with two cycles of intra-articular injections of Hymovis   have a progressive @entity158 reduction that is maintained up to one year after the treatment start with improve of all the scores considered in this study. Hymovis   is effective and safe in symptomatic treatment of @entity158 .

title: A multi-centre, open label, long-term follow-up study to evaluate the benefits of a new viscoelastic hydrogel (Hymovis  ) in the treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity626 :: ('MESH:D020370', 'Disease') :: ['knee osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'painful knee OA']

answer: @entity626 :: (MESH:D020370,Disease) :: ['knee osteoarthritis']


abstract: Microvascular @entity254 is gaining increasing significance in the field of replantation and reconstructive surgery. Although traumatic interference is minimized by microsurgery, @entity715 remain the major reason for clinical failure. With the improvement of suturing technique studies were directed towards the causes of failure using light and scanning electron microscopy. Our study was focussed on the latter aspect. The left common carotid artery of 55 albino @entity35 was transsected and re-anastomosed by the eccentric biangulation technique. The suture-lines were observed after various postsurgical intervals, ranging from 12 hours up to 14 months. Twelve hours after the @entity254 had been performed, the most striking alterations of the endothelium were not found at the suture line, as was expected, but in those parts of the vessels, which were caught by the clamps. The injury leads to sloughing of the endothelium in extensive areas. The exposed subendothelial layer of connective tissue is covered with aggregates of thrombocytes. The suture itself does not lead to @entity715 formation. After 14 days, healing is almost complete with total regeneration of the endothelium. From the 21st postoperative day on, the inner lining can no longer be differentiated from that found in experimental animals after 14 months.

title: Scanning electron microscope observations of microvascular XXXX in the @entity35 carotid artery.

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombus', 'thrombotic occlusions']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

answer: @entity254 :: (MESH:C563598,Disease) :: ['anastomosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The objective of this study is to investigate the clinical characteristics of @entity3298 due to nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) in Taiwan. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of all @entity1 who presented to the National Taiwan University Hospital with culture-positive NTM @entity3298 during the period 2000-2010. @entity1 with concurrent extranodal involvement were excluded. RESULTS: From 2000 to 2010, 15 @entity1 with @entity3298 caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria were identified. Most @entity1 (80%, n = 12) were infected with rapidly growing mycobacteria. @entity7665 was the most common infective species (n = 8). Recurrence of @entity281 involving multiple organs occurred 2-7 years after the completion of treatment in 11 (73%) @entity1 . Five (33.3%) @entity1 had concurrent @entity5746 (4 @entity1 with @entity2259 and 1 @entity1 with @entity3509 ) during the course of the disease. CONCLUSION: In Taiwanese @entity1 , we found a high recurrence rate of NTM @entity3298 that was closely associated with @entity5746 . We also noted that the clinical and epidemiological manifestations of NTM @entity3298 in Taiwan differed from their manifestations in western countries.

title: High recurrence rate of XXXX due to nontuberculous mycobacteria and its association with concurrent @entity5746 in Taiwan.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3509 :: ('MESH:D004653', 'Disease') :: ['empyema thoracis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity7665 :: ('36809', 'Species') :: ['Mycobacterium abscessus']

entities_list: @entity5746 :: ('MESH:D012480', 'Disease') :: ['Salmonella infections']

entities_list: @entity3298 :: ('MESH:D008199', 'Disease') :: ['lymphadenitis']

entities_list: @entity2259 :: ('MESH:D016470', 'Disease') :: ['bacteremia']

answer: @entity3298 :: (MESH:D008199,Disease) :: ['lymphadenitis']


abstract: PURPOSE: Gene expression studies in @entity320 have been few because @entity5 are small and cryopreservation is rarely possible. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the Illumina DASL Array @entity1 Cancer Panel for gene expression studies in @entity406 -fixed @entity320 and to identify prognostic biomarkers. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Primary @entity5 from two studies were sampled using a tissue microarray needle. Study 1: 254 @entity5 from a @entity320 cohort recruited from 2000 to 2006. Study 2: 218 @entity5 from a case-control study of @entity1 undergoing sentinel node biopsy. RESULTS: RNA was obtained from 76% of blocks; 1.4% of samples failed analysis (transcripts from <250 of the 502 genes on the DASL chip detected). Increasing age of the block and increased melanin in the @entity5 were associated with reduced number of genes detected. The gene whose expression was most differentially expressed in association with relapse-free survival in study 1 was @entity1096 ( @entity1096 ; P = 2.11 x 10(-6)) and supportive evidence for this was obtained in study 2 used as a validation set (P = 0.006; unadjusted data). @entity1096 level in study 1 remained a significant predictor of relapse-free survival when data were adjusted for age, sex, @entity5 site, and histologic predictors of relapse. Genes whose expression correlated most strongly with @entity1096 were @entity31250 , @entity23249 (survivin), and @entity15263 . CONCLUSION: Expression data were obtained from 74% of primary @entity320 and provided confirmatory evidence that @entity1096 expression is a prognostic biomarker. These results suggest that predictive biomarker studies may be possible using stored blocks from mature clinical trials.

title: Gene expression profiling of paraffin-embedded primary XXXX using the DASL assay identifies increased @entity1096 expression as predictive of reduced relapse-free survival.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Human']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity406 :: ('MESH:D005557', 'Chemical') :: ['formalin']

entities_list: @entity1096 :: ('6696', 'Gene') :: ['osteopontin', 'Osteopontin', 'SPP1']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma', 'melanoma primary tumors', 'melanomas']

answer: @entity320 :: (MESH:D008545,Disease) :: ['melanoma']


abstract: When @entity35 are fed @entity1068 intragastrically at a constant rate for 1 month, the urinary @entity167 level (UAL) cycles over 7-9 day intervals. At the peak UAL, the liver is @entity519 shifting the redox state to a reduced rate. Microarray analysis done on livers at the UAL peaks shows changes in approximately 1300 gene expression compared to the pair-fed controls. To determine the mechanism of the gene expression changes, histone acetylation regulation was investigated in liver nuclear extracts at the peaks and troughs of the UAL and their pair-fed controls. No change occurred in SirT-1. P300, a histone acetyltransferase (HAT), which acetylates histone H3 on @entity376 9, was increased at the peaks. Histone 3 acetylated at @entity376 9 was also increased at the peaks. This indicates that the up regulated genes at the UAL peaks resulted from an increase in p300 transcription regulation, epigenetically. P300 activates transcription of numerous genes in response to signal transcription factors such as H1F 1alpha, increased in the nucleus at UAL peaks. Signal transduction pathways, such as NFkappaB, AP-1, ERK, JNK, and @entity12220 were not increased at the peaks. @entity12747 was increased in the nuclear extract at the UAL troughs, where increased gene expression was absent. The increase in gene expression at the peaks was due, in part, to increased acetylation of histone 3 at @entity376 9.

title: Histone acetyltransferase p300 modulates gene expression in an epigenetic manner at high blood XXXX levels.

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity376 :: ('CHEBI:25094', 'Chemical') :: ['lysine']

answer: @entity167 :: (CHEBI:16236,Chemical) :: ['alcohol']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the better therapy for chronic @entity2701 (CTTH). METHODS: Two hundred and eighty-eight cases were randomized into a sticking needling group (150 cases) and an acupuncture group (138 cases). In the sticking needling group, the manual sticking needling technique was adopted to stimulate the galea tendon-muscle node. In the acupuncture group, the conventional acupuncture therapy was applied to Baihui (GV 20), Sishencong (EX-HN 1), Fengchi (GB 20), Taiyang (EX-HN 5), Touwei ( @entity28940 ), Hegu ( @entity9154 ), etc. The treatment was given once a day, and 30 days made one session. After two sessions of treatment and after three months follow-up, CTTH score (including the score of @entity10 attack frequency and the score of @entity10 severity) was observed and compared before and after treatment separately. The efficacy was evaluated in two groups. RESULTS: CTTH score was all reduced after treatment in the two groups (both P<0.01), the score in the sticking needling group was lower than that in the acupuncture group (2.38 +/- 1.22 vs 4.16 +/- 2.54, P < 0.01). The effective rate was 97.3% (146/150) in the sticking needling group, which was better than 88.4% (122/138) in the acupuncture group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The manual sticking needling technique at galea tendon-muscle node achieves the superior results of reducing the @entity158 attack frequency and severity of CTTH as compared with the acupuncture therapy of the routine acupoint selection.

title: [Efficacy observation on chronic XXXX treated with acupuncture at galea tendon-muscle node].

entities_list: @entity2701 :: ('MESH:D018781', 'Disease') :: ['tension-type headache']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

answer: @entity2701 :: (MESH:D018781,Disease) :: ['tension-type headache']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Transient @entity63 attacks (TIAs) bear a presumed high risk of early recurrence of @entity64 . Data in the literature, however, are inconsistent, as recurrence rates range from 9.5 to 20%, at 90 days. AIMS: The study was designed to determine the risk of @entity64 after @entity4905 . METHODS: 94 consecutive @entity1 referred to a @entity64 Unit for @entity4905 or minor @entity64 , within 24 h of symptom onset, were recruited. Eleven of the 94 @entity1 (12%, 95% CI: 7-20%) had a relapse within 90 days. The relapse consisted of a @entity4905 for 9 @entity1 (10%, 95% CI: 5-17%), or of a @entity64 for 2 subjects (1%, 95% CI: 0-8%). More than a quarter of the relapses occurred within 1 week from the first @entity4905 . ABCD(2), ABCD(2)-I and ABCD-E+ scores were similar among @entity1 with or without relapse. CONCLUSIONS: The data seem to confirm previous reports on the relatively low relapse rate for @entity64 , when @entity4905 @entity1 are promptly assisted in dedicated structures. The findings stress the potential benefit of early intervention in subjects with @entity4905 .

title: @entity64 prediction after transient @entity63 attacks in @entity1 admitted to a XXXX unit.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'Stroke']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['stroke']


abstract: @entity2849 of the left ventricle were repaired in four @entity1 (average age, 61 years). The etiology was @entity583 in three @entity1 and disruption of an apical left ventricular cannulation site in the fourth. The interval from initiating event to surgery averaged 11 months. One @entity1 was in @entity1455 and succumbed in the operating room from @entity712 . The other three @entity1 , in functional class III at the time of surgery, survived and are currently asymptomatic. The literature records 43 @entity1 who have undergone surgical repair of a false @entity439 of the left ventricle. The causes were @entity583 (12 @entity1 ), @entity130 (13 @entity1 ), penetrating @entity130 (11 @entity1 ), and @entity130 (seven @entity1 ). Twenty-seven (63%) were under the age of 50 years. In those who were limited by symptoms, @entity712 predominated. Forty seven per cent of the @entity1 were operated upon in the first five months following the initiating event; 61% within the first year. Only four @entity1 underwent surgery more than 48 months after the myocardial insult. @entity715 was present in 28% of the @entity439 . Morbidity was recorded in nine @entity1 , and six @entity1 (14%) died. This study documents the necessity for early surgical repair and the relatively low operative mortality obtained with this lethal lesion.

title: XXXX of the left ventricle. Report of four cases and review of surgical management.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure', 'myocardial failure']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['blunt trauma', 'operative injury', 'trauma']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms', 'aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity1455 :: ('MESH:D012770', 'Disease') :: ['cardiogenic shock']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['Thrombus']

entities_list: @entity2849 :: ('MESH:D017541', 'Disease') :: ['False aneurysms']

answer: @entity2849 :: (MESH:D017541,Disease) :: ['False aneurysm']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to investigate the genesis of the Austin Flint murmur using Doppler and echocardiographic imaging. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 51 @entity1 having significant @entity337 and an anatomically normal mitral valve were evaluated. They were divided into two groups; 30 @entity1 had an audible Austin Flint murmur (AFM+) and 21 did not (AFM-). All @entity1 had a complete M-mode, two-dimensional, and Doppler echocardiographic examination to characterize left ventricular size and function, motion of the mitral valve, transmitral flow velocities, direction of the @entity337 jet, and severity of @entity337 . There was no significant difference in severity of @entity337 between groups. There was, however, a significant difference in direction of the insufficiency jet. In the AFM+ group compared with the AFM- group, for the @entity1162 view 24 (80%) versus eight (38%) had their insufficiency jet directed at the mitral valve, for the apical five-chamber view the values were 25 (83%) versus five (24%), and for the apical long-axis view the values were 27 (90%) versus five (24%); for all comparisons p less than 0.01. There was also a greater frequency of localized anterior mitral leaflet distortion by two-dimensional echocardiography (AFM+:23 [77%] versus AFM-:five [24%]; p less than 0.001) and a greater frequency of Doppler striations overlying the @entity337 jet (AFM+:25 [83%] versus AFM-:seven [33%]; p less than 0.001). Regarding transmitral flow velocities, there was no significant difference in filling patterns or absolute velocities during early or late diastole between groups. There was no gradient by Doppler analysis or by hemodynamics (n = 26) across the mitral valve in either group. There also was no difference in the frequency of preclosure of the mitral valve (AFM+:two versus AFM-:three). Systolic function was similar in both groups, but the left ventricular end-diastolic dimension was significantly greater in the AFM+ group (6.8 +/- 0.8 cm) than in the AFM- group (6.2 +/- 0.7 cm, p = 0.008). CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggest that the primary factor responsible for the Austin Flint murmur is the presence of an @entity337 jet directed at the anterior mitral leaflet. This, combined with the biphasic pattern of transmitral flow, distorts the shape of the anterior mitral leaflet as it opens and closes during diastole, making it shudder. The leaflet's shuddering sets up vibrations and shock waves that distort the @entity337 jet, causing the observed Doppler striations and probably the sound of the murmur. There is no evidence from this study to support prior theories that have proposed functional @entity4794 or @entity339 as the source of the murmur.

title: Doppler and echocardiographic characteristics of XXXX having an Austin Flint murmur.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity339 :: ('MESH:D008944', 'Disease') :: ['diastolic mitral regurgitation']

entities_list: @entity337 :: ('MESH:D001022', 'Disease') :: ['aortic insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity4794 :: ('MESH:D008946', 'Disease') :: ['mitral stenosis']

entities_list: @entity1162 :: ('MESH:D008133', 'Disease') :: ['parasternal long-axis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: : Genotype-based selection of @entity1 for targeted therapies has had a substantial impact on the treatment of @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ). @entity4149 kinase inhibitors (TKIs) directed at @entity5 driven by oncogenes, such as epidermal growth factor receptor mutations or @entity706 kinase rearrangements, often achieve dramatic responses and result in prolonged survival compared with chemotherapy. However, TKI resistance invariably develops. Disease progression can be limited to only one or a few sites and might not be symptomatic, raising the important question of whether this type of oligoprogression warrants a change in systemic therapy or consideration of local treatment. Recent clinical observations suggest a growing role for stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) in the treatment of oligoprogressive and perhaps even oligopersistent disease (primary and/or metastases) in oncogene-driven NSCLC. SBRT might allow @entity1 to continue with existing TKI treatments longer and delay the need to switch to other systemic options. We review the current data with regard to the use of SBRT for metastatic NSCLC and particularly oncogene-driven disease. Although there is great promise in the marriage of targeted therapies with SBRT, prospective data are urgently needed. In the meantime, such strategies are being used in carefully selected @entity1 , with risk-adapted SBRT dose-fractionation regimens used to optimize the therapeutic index. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) or SBRT-like treatments are increasingly being used for oligoprogression in @entity1 with oncogene-driven @entity1149 . This approach allows @entity1 to extend the duration of @entity4149 kinase inhibitor therapy and has the potential to prolong survival times. Careful @entity1 selection and risk-adapted radiation dosing is of critical importance to minimize @entity137 and preserve @entity1 quality of life.

title: Integration of Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy With XXXX Kinase Inhibitors in Stage IV Oncogene-Driven Lung Cancer.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['anaplastic lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['non-small cell lung cancer', 'non-small cell lung cancers', 'NSCLCs']

entities_list: @entity4149 :: ('D014443', 'Chemical') :: ['Tyrosine', 'tyrosine']

answer: @entity4149 :: (D014443,Chemical) :: ['Tyrosine']


abstract: The validity of the hypothesis that @entity6236 activates Factor V in heparinized plasma was examined by establishing the temporal relationships between Factor V proteolysis and prothrombin consumption in plasma. Factor V was cleaved into Factor Va heavy chain (approx. 110 kDa) and an intermediate (approx. 230 kDa) 30 s after @entity3282 was added to contact-activated plasma (CAP). The larger fragment was converted into Factor V activation peptide (approx. 150 kDa) and Factor Va light chain (approx. 80 kDa) 15 s later. Heparin (approx. 0.05 microM) delayed Factor V proteolysis in CAP by at least 30 s. On supplementing CAP with 1 nM- @entity6236 or 1 nM- @entity556 , Factor V was activated 15 s later. Heparin prolonged by 15 s and 45 s the time required to demonstrate Factor V activation in CAP supplemented with @entity6236 and @entity556 respectively. Factor V was activated 20 s after tissue factor and @entity3282 were added to plasma, both in the absence and in the presence of approx. 0.05 microM-heparin. In contrast, hirudin and @entity33981 (two @entity556 inhibitors more effective than heparin) delayed Factor V activation in this plasma by at least 30 s. The fragments of Factor V obtained in heparinized CAP suggest @entity556 escapes inhibition and contributes to Factor V activation in that plasma. Production of Factor Va heavy chain and the 230 kDa Factor V fragment invariably preceded efficient prothrombin activation. These observations suggest that heparin, hirudin and @entity33981 delay Factor V activation by inhibiting @entity556 . The availability of @entity6236 markedly moderates the ability of heparin to inhibit Factor V activation.

title: Activation of factor V during intrinsic and extrinsic coagulation. Inhibition by heparin, hirudin and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity33981 :: ('MESH:C020924', 'Chemical') :: ['D-Phe-Pro-Arg-CH2Cl']

answer: @entity33981 :: (MESH:C020924,Chemical) :: ['D-Phe-Pro-Arg-Ch2Cl']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: There is increasing evidence that common genetic risk factors underlie @entity747 ( @entity747 ) and @entity746 ( @entity746 ). Recently, mutations in the @entity16402 ( @entity16402 ) gene, which encodes @entity16402 protein, have been reported in @entity1 with @entity746 . @entity16402 is a multifunctional adapter protein mainly involved in selective autophagy, oxidative stress response, and cell signaling pathways. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the frequency of @entity16402 mutations in a dataset of unrelated @entity1 with @entity747 or @entity746 , in comparison with healthy controls and @entity1 with @entity4261 ( @entity4261 ). METHODS: Promoter region and all exons of @entity16402 were sequenced in a large group of subjects, including @entity1 with @entity747 or @entity746 , healthy controls, and @entity1 with @entity4261 . The clinical characteristics of @entity1 with @entity747 or @entity746 with gene mutations were examined. RESULTS: We identified 6 missense mutations in the coding region of @entity16402 in @entity1 with either @entity747 or @entity746 , none of which were found in healthy controls or @entity1 with @entity4261 . In silico analysis suggested a pathogenetic role for these mutations. Furthermore, 7 novel noncoding @entity16402 variants were found in @entity1 with @entity747 and @entity1 with @entity746 , including 4 variations in the promoter region. CONCLUSIONS: @entity16402 mutations are present in @entity1 with @entity747 and @entity1 with @entity746 . Additional studies are warranted in order to better investigate the role of @entity16402 in the pathogenesis of both @entity747 and @entity746 .

title: XXXX mutations in @entity747 and @entity746 .

entities_list: @entity4261 :: ('MESH:D010001', 'Disease') :: ['Paget disease of bone', 'PDB']

entities_list: @entity747 :: ('MESH:D057174', 'Disease') :: ['frontotemporal lobar degeneration', 'FTLD']

entities_list: @entity746 :: ('MESH:D000690', 'Disease') :: ['ALS', 'amyotrophic lateral sclerosis']

answer: @entity16402 :: (8878,Gene) :: ['SQSTM1']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The need for deep groin dissection when superficial nodes contain metastatic @entity320 is controversial. METHODS: A review of 362 therapeutic groin dissections performed at our tertiary referral center between 1961 and 1995 revealed 71 @entity1 (20%) with positive iliac and/or obturator nodes. This group was analyzed for survival rates, prognostic factors for survival, regional @entity5 control, and morbidity. RESULTS: @entity1 with involved deep nodes exhibited overall 5-year and 10-year survival rates of 24% (SE, 5%) and 20% (SE, 5%), respectively. Independent prognostic factors for survival were the number of positive iliac nodes (P = .0011), the Breslow thickness (P = .0069), and the site of the @entity5 (P = .0075). @entity1 with an unknown @entity5 seemed to have better prognoses. Seven @entity1 (10%) experienced recurrence in the surgically treated groin. The short- and long-term morbidity rates ( @entity281 , 17%; @entity39 , 15%; @entity2080 , 17%; mild/ moderate @entity4269 , 19%; severe @entity4269 , 6%) compared well with those of other series studying inguinal as well as ilioinguinal dissections. CONCLUSIONS: From the present study it can be concluded that removal of deep lymph node @entity3 is worthwhile, because one of every five such @entity1 survives for 10 years. Prognostic factors for survival are the number of involved iliac nodes, the Breslow thickness, and the site of the @entity5 . Long-term regional @entity5 control can be obtained for 90% of the @entity1 . The morbidity of an additional deep lymph node dissection is acceptable.

title: Positive iliac and obturator nodes in XXXX : survival and prognostic factors.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['skin flap necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'primary tumor']

entities_list: @entity4269 :: ('MESH:D008209', 'Disease') :: ['lymphedema']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma']

answer: @entity320 :: (MESH:D008545,Disease) :: ['melanoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4681 have been documented in a proportion of @entity1 with acute @entity74 ( @entity74 ). Sensorimotor incongruence may occur and hence, may explain @entity158 in the acute stage after the @entity130 . OBJECTIVES: The present study aimed at (1) evaluating whether a visually mediated incongruence between sensory feedback and motor output increases symptoms and triggers additional sensations in @entity1 with acute @entity74 , (2) investigating whether the pattern of sensations in response to sensorimotor incongruence differs among @entity1 suffering from acute and chronic @entity74 , and healthy controls. STUDY DESIGN: Experimental study. SETTING: @entity1 with acute @entity74 were recruited within one month after @entity7125 via the emergency department of a local Red Cross medical care unit, the Antwerp University Hospital, and through primary care practices. @entity1 with chronic @entity74 were recruited through an advertisement on the World Wide Web and from the medical database of a local Red Cross medical care unit. Healthy controls were recruited from among the university college staff, family members, and acquaintances of the researchers. METHODS: Thirty @entity1 with acute @entity74 , 35 @entity1 with chronic @entity74 , and 31 healthy @entity1 were subjected to a coordination test. They performed congruent and incongruent arm movements while viewing a whiteboard or mirror. RESULTS. Twenty-eight @entity1 with acute @entity74 reported sensations such as @entity158 , tightness, feeling of peculiarity, and tiredness at some stage of the test protocol. No significant differences in frequencies and intensities of sensations were found between the various test stages (P > .05). Significantly more sensations were reported during the incongruent mirror stage compared to the incongruent control stage (P < .05). The pattern in intensity of sensations across the congruent and incongruent stages was significantly different between the @entity74 groups and the control group. LIMITATIONS: The course and prognostic value of susceptibility to sensorimotor incongruence after an acute @entity130 are not yet clear from these results. A prospective longitudinal study with an expanded study population is needed to investigate if those with a lowered threshold to visually mediated sensorimotor incongruence in the acute stage are at risk to develop persistent @entity158 and disability. CONCLUSION: @entity1 with acute @entity74 present an exacerbation of symptoms and additional sensations in response to visually mediated changes during action. These results indicate an altered perception of distorted visual feedback and suggest altered central sensorimotor nervous system processing in @entity1 with acute @entity74 .

title: Altered perception of distorted visual feedback occurs soon after XXXX : an experimental study of central nervous system processing.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity7125 :: ('MESH:D014911', 'Disease') :: ['whiplash injury']

entities_list: @entity4681 :: ('MESH:D016472', 'Disease') :: ['Sensory and motor system dysfunctions']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['WAD', 'whiplash associated disorders']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain and other sensations', 'pain']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['whiplash trauma', 'trauma']

answer: @entity7125 :: (MESH:D014911,Disease) :: ['whiplash injury']


abstract: @entity170 and @entity731 are @entity102 which have been considered to be independent and whose common characteristic is increasing incidence with age. At present, growing evidence indicates the existence of a correlation between @entity65 and @entity170 , irrespective of age. The morbidity and mortality of @entity170 is mainly related to the occurrence of @entity174 . @entity731 shows a high rate of morbidity and especially mortality because of its clinical repercussions such as @entity951 , acute @entity583 , @entity64 , and @entity1095 . @entity731 is characterized by the accumulation of lipid material in the arterial wall resulting from autoimmune and inflammatory mechanisms. More than 90% of these fatty plaques undergo @entity730 . The correlation between @entity170 and @entity731 is being established by studies of the underlying physiopathological mechanisms, which seem to coincide in many biochemical pathways, and of the risk factors for @entity455 , which have also been associated with a higher incidence of low-bone mineral density. In addition, there is evidence indicating an action of antiresorptive drugs on the @entity65 and the effect of statins, antihypertensives and @entity2690 on bone mass increase. The mechanism of @entity729 resembles the process of osteogenesis, involving various cells, proteins and cytokines that lead to tissue mineralization. The authors review the factors responsible for @entity731 that correlate with low-bone mineral density.

title: Bone metabolism and vascular XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1095 :: ('MESH:D016491', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral vascular insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular disease']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['Osteoporosis', 'osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic degenerative diseases']

entities_list: @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['calcification']

entities_list: @entity951 :: ('MESH:D000787', 'Disease') :: ['angina pectoris']

entities_list: @entity729 :: ('MESH:D061205', 'Disease') :: ['arterial calcification']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis', 'Atherosclerosis', 'Atherosclerotic disease', 'atherosclerotic disease']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['reduction of cardiovascular risks', 'cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity730 :: (MESH:D002114,Disease) :: ['calcification']


abstract: In 69 consecutive @entity1 with recent-onset @entity955 , we compared the usefulness of @entity1855 , @entity6237 and @entity2779 for the acute conversion to sinus rhythm within 1 hour of the start of intravenous infusion. The @entity1 were randomized to receive @entity1855 , 10 mg in 5 minutes (n = 29), @entity6237 , 2 mg/kg in 10 minutes (n = 20) or @entity2779 , 2 mg/kg in 10 minutes (n = 20). The 3 treatment groups did not differ significantly regarding @entity1 baseline characteristics. Conversion rate was 14% for @entity1855 , 50% for @entity6237 and 25% for @entity2779 . A significant difference (p = 0.02) was found only between the @entity1855 and @entity6237 results. Mean time to conversion did not differ significantly. Stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that the only variables correlating with the final result were the type of treatment (p = 0.001) and the duration of @entity943 (p = 0.005). Mean duration of @entity943 in converted @entity1 was significantly shorter than in non-converted @entity1 (9.7 [6.6] vs 34.0 [46.1] hours, p = 0.03). Serious side effects were seen only during @entity2779 infusion (2 @entity1 developed severe @entity551 necessitating discontinuation of therapy and administration of intravenous fluids). We conclude that intravenous @entity6237 appears to be more effective than the other 2 drugs for the acute conversion of recent-onset @entity955 to sinus rhythm.

title: Comparative evaluation of XXXX , @entity6237 and @entity2779 for the acute conversion of @entity955 to sinus rhythm.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1855 :: ('MESH:D014700', 'Chemical') :: ['verapamil']

entities_list: @entity6237 :: ('MESH:D005424', 'Chemical') :: ['flecainide']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmia']

entities_list: @entity2779 :: ('MESH:D011405', 'Chemical') :: ['propafenone']

answer: @entity1855 :: (MESH:D014700,Chemical) :: ['verapamil']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the acceptance of major surgical procedures and quality of life among long-term survivors of advanced @entity135 treated at a single institution. DESIGN: Cross-sectional analysis of a consecutive series of @entity1 . SETTING: Tertiary care @entity5 center. @entity1 : @entity1 had advanced (T3 and T4) @entity135 , had undergone a surgical procedure with or without postoperative radiotherapy, and had a minimum disease-free survival duration of 1 year. Eligible @entity1 completed a questionnaire about their attitudes toward long-term outcomes and the University of Washington Quality of Life Questionnaire (UW-QOL). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Descriptive analyses of the results and comparisons of the scores for each UW-QOL domain. RESULTS: A total of 273 @entity1 were included in the study. Most were @entity1 (74.4%), with a median age of 56 years. The @entity5 site was the oral cavity in 101 @entity1 (37.0%), larynx in 91 (33.3%), oropharynx in 64 (23.4%), and hypopharynx in 17 (6.2%). There were 167 @entity1 (61.2%) with T3 @entity5 and 106 (38.8%) with T4 @entity5 . Adjuvant radiotherapy was performed in 153 @entity1 (56.0%). Global quality of life was considered good to excellent by 162 @entity1 (59.3%), and the mean UW-QOL composite score was 79.3. Most @entity1 (91.2%) reported that they would undergo the same treatment if they had it to do again, and 95.6% reported that they would not like to exchange their present outcome for another treatment option with a lower chance of cure but with a possibly improved quality of life. CONCLUSION: In this series, the vast majority of @entity1 considered a radical surgical procedure an acceptable treatment and reported a good quality of life.

title: Acceptance of major surgical procedures and quality of life among long-term survivors of advanced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'PATIENTS', 'Participants', 'men']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'tumors']

answer: @entity135 :: (MESH:D006258,Disease) :: ['head and neck cancer']


abstract: Most of the previously theoretical studies about the stochastic nature of the @entity9197 @entity460 release channel gating use the chemical master equation (CME) approach. Because of the limitations of this approach we have used a stochastic simulation algorithm (SSA) presented by Gillespie. A single subunit of De Young-Keizer (DYK) model was simulated using Gillespie algorithm. The model has been considered in its complete form with eight states. We investigate the conditions which affect the open state of the model. @entity460 concentrations were the subject of fluctuation in the previous works while in this study the population of the states is the subject of stochastic fluctuations. We found out that decreasing open probability is a function of @entity141 concentration in fast time domain, while in slow time domain it is a function of IP3 concentration. Studying the population of each state shows a time dependent reaction pattern in fast and medium time domains (10(-4) and 10(-3)s). In this pattern the state of X(010) has a determinative role in selecting the open state path. Also, intensity and frequency of fluctuations and @entity141 inhibitions have been studied. The results indicate that Gillespie algorithm can be a better choice for studying such systems, without using any approximation or elimination while having acceptable accuracy. In comparison with the chemical master equation, Gillespie algorithm is also provides a wide area for studying biological systems from other points of view.

title: A kinetic Monte Carlo simulation study of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor ( XXXX ) @entity460 release channel.

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium', 'Calcium']

answer: @entity9197 :: (3710,Gene) :: ['IP3R']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic splenectomy (LS) has been considered as the standard approach to remove a normal-sized spleen, but it is facing technical challenges when applied to @entity381 . Hand-assisted laparoscopic technique was designed to facilitate the performance of difficult laparoscopic procedure. This study was aimed to evaluate the efficacy and superiority of @entity8566 ( @entity8566 ) for @entity381 . METHODS: From November 1994 to January 2006, 36 @entity1 with @entity381 (final spleen weight > 700 g) were treated with laparoscopic operations for splenectomy in our hospital. Conventional LS was performed in 16 @entity1 (7 @entity1 and 9 @entity1 , group 1) and @entity8566 in the other 20 @entity1 (12 @entity1 and 8 @entity1 , group 2). The @entity1 ' features, intraoperative details and the postoperative outcomes in the both groups were compared. RESULTS: The both groups were comparable in the terms of @entity1 's age ((38 +/- 12) years vs (43 +/- 14)years, P > 0.05), the greatest splenic diameter ((24 +/- 5)cm vs (27 +/- 7)cm, P > 0.05), preoperative platelet count ((118 +/- 94) x 10(9)/L vs (97 +/- 81) x 10(9)/L, P > 0.05) and diagnosis. Compared with LS group, operation time ((195 +/- 71) minutes vs (141 +/- 64) minutes, P < 0.05) was shorter, intraoperative @entity190 ((138 +/- 80)ml vs (86 +/- 45)ml, P < 0.05) and conversion rate (4/16 vs 0/20, P < 0.05) were lower, but hospital stay ((5.3 +/- 3.8) days vs (7.4 +/- 1.6) days, P < 0.05) was longer in @entity8566 group. There was no significant difference in the aspects of intraoperative and postoperative complication rate (2/16 vs 0/20, P > 0.05) or recovery time of gastrointestinal function ((16.3 +/- 11.6) hours vs (18.7 +/- 8.1) hours, P > 0.05) between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: In the cases of @entity381 , @entity8566 significantly facilitates the surgical procedure and reduces the operational risk, while maintaining the advantages of conventional LS. @entity8566 is more feasible and more effective than conventional LS for the removal of @entity381 .

title: Hand-assisted laparoscopic splenectomy for XXXX : a comparative study with conventional laparoscopic splenectomy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity381 :: ('MESH:D013163', 'Disease') :: ['splenomegaly']

entities_list: @entity8566 :: ('MESH:D060831', 'Disease') :: ['hand-assisted laparoscopic splenectomy', 'HALS']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

answer: @entity381 :: (MESH:D013163,Disease) :: ['splenomegaly']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the evolutionary MRI appearance of @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ) following cryoablation. METHODS: For this institution review board-approved study, we recruited @entity1 with biopsy-proven @entity1358 and treated them with percutaneous cryoablation between November 2009 and October 2014. Two radiologists retrospectively reviewed the pre-procedural and follow-up MRI. The findings included @entity5 sizes, signal intensities on T1 weighted imaging (T1WI), T2 weighted imaging (T2WI), diffusion-weighted imaging, apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) map and contrast enhancement patterns. The ADC values of the @entity5 before and after treatment were measured. RESULTS: A total of 26 @entity1 were enrolled. The ablated @entity5 exhibited predominantly high signals on T1WI at 1-9-month follow-up (47.1% strong hyperintense at 3 months) and subsequently returned to being isointense. In T2WI, the signals of the ablated @entity5 were highly variable during the first 3 months and became strikingly hypointense after 6 months (58.3% strong hypointense at 6 months). Diffusion restriction was prominent during the first 3 months (lowest ADC: 0.62        0.29   *   10(-3)   mm(2)   s(-1) at 1 month). Contrast enhancement persisted up to 6 months after the procedure. The residual enhancement gradually increased in the dynamic scan and was most prominent in the delay phase. CONCLUSION: The MRI of the cryoablated @entity703 follows a typical evolutionary pattern. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE: Familiarity of practitioners with the normal post-cryoablation change of @entity1358 on MRI can enable the early detection and prevention of @entity5 recurrence.

title: Evolutionary magnetic resonance appearance of XXXX after percutaneous cryoablation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['renal cell carcinoma', 'RCC']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity703 :: ('MESH:D007680', 'Disease') :: ['renal tumour']

answer: @entity1358 :: (MESH:D002292,Disease) :: ['renal cell carcinoma']


abstract: @entity28845 , a primary alcohol @entity5015 analog, prevents @entity1819 formation induced by a variety of irritants, including @entity117 , in @entity35 and @entity235 . In the present study, @entity28845 reduced both @entity1819 formation and fecal @entity190 in @entity235 caused by daily @entity117 administration (1,950 mg/day) for 3 consecutive days. A gastric antisecretory dose of 100 micrograms/kg p.o. t.i.d. of @entity28845 reduced fecal @entity190 by 96% to a level (0.76 +/- 0.10 mg Hb/g stool) similar to basal @entity190 in non- @entity117 -treated vehicle @entity235 (0.61 +/- 0.08 mg Hb/g stool) as determined by HemoQuant assay. A nonantisecretory dose of @entity28845 (1 microgram/kg p.o. t.i.d.) reduced fecal @entity190 by 70% compared to vehicle-treated @entity235 . @entity1819 severity scores in @entity235 treated with 100 or 1 micrograms/kg p.o. t.i.d. of @entity28845 were 61 and 52% lower, respectively, than the mean severity score in the vehicle-treated group. There was a highly significant (p less than 0.001) correlation between @entity1819 score and fecal @entity190 independent of the treatment each @entity235 received. The efficacy of a nonantisecretory dose suggests that the @entity1819 effect of @entity28845 may be independent of gastric antisecretory effects. The correlation of fecal @entity190 with @entity1819 score suggests the possibility that either measurement may be used as an indication of @entity1819 occurrence or severity.

title: @entity28845 prevents @entity117 -induced fecal @entity190 in XXXX . Correlation of Hemoquant (Hb) with endoscopic findings.

entities_list: @entity28845 :: ('MESH:D016630', 'Chemical') :: ['Rioprostil', 'rioprostil']

entities_list: @entity1819 :: ('MESH:D013272', 'Disease') :: ['Gastric lesion', 'gastric lesion']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity5015 :: ('MESH:D000527', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandin E1']

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['dogs']


abstract: PURPOSE: The CALGB performed a phase II multicenter study to evaluate the activity of oral @entity416 in @entity1 with @entity3620 (CALGB 39807). @entity1 AND METHODS: Between November 15, 2000 and August 31, 2001, 27 @entity1 with @entity2615 were enrolled in this study. @entity416 was administered at 2500 mg/m(2) per day divided in two doses for 14 days followed by a seven-day break. Cycles were repeated every 21 days with restaging performed every two cycles and therapy continuing for up to six cycles. One @entity1 withdrew from the study prior to receiving therapy and is removed from further analysis. Eligibility criteria included no prior treatment, PS 0-1 by CALGB criteria and histologically documented @entity2615 . @entity1 CHARACTERISTICS: gender; male 19 (73%), female seven; median age 70 (range 40-81); histology: epithelial 15 (58%), mixed eight (31%), unclassified three; site of origin pleura, 25 (96%); @entity353 in previous six months of more than 10% in seven (27%), symptoms longer than six months in five (19%). RESULTS: One @entity1 (4%) had a confirmed PR while 10 (38%) achieved SD for 2-6 cycles. Ten @entity1 (38%) had @entity1726 as their best response. There were three @entity1 unevaluable for response and two early deaths. Median survival and failure free survival were 4.9 (95% CI 4-10.8) and 2.4 (95% CI 1.5-4.2) months respectively with a one-year survival of 23% (95% CI 11-49%). Grade three or greater @entity137 encountered by at least 10% of @entity1 included @entity2905 (12%), @entity1295 (12%), @entity2700 (12%) and @entity294 (15%). Three @entity1 (12%) had grade three @entity137 or @entity8566 . One @entity1 died of treatment related @entity137 during cycle one. CONCLUSION: The antitumor activity of @entity416 is insufficient to warrant further exploration in @entity1 with @entity3620 .

title: @entity416 in XXXX : a phase II trial by the Cancer and Leukemia Group B (39807).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS', 'PATIENT']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities', 'skin toxicity']

entities_list: @entity2700 :: ('MESH:D003681', 'Disease') :: ['dehydration']

entities_list: @entity416 :: ('MESH:C110904', 'Chemical') :: ['capecitabine', 'Capecitabine']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity2905 :: ('MESH:D008231', 'Disease') :: ['lymphopenia']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity2615 :: ('MESH:D008654', 'Disease') :: ['mesothelioma']

entities_list: @entity3620 :: ('MESH:C562839', 'Disease') :: ['malignant mesothelioma']

entities_list: @entity8566 :: ('MESH:D060831', 'Disease') :: ['hand-foot syndrome']

answer: @entity3620 :: (MESH:C562839,Disease) :: ['malignant mesothelioma']