abstract: BACKGROUND: Infections caused by extended-spectrum b-lactamase (ESBL)-producing gram-negative organisms are a growing concern in hospitalized @entity1 . Traditionally, these @entity281 can be effectively treated by the carbapenem class of drugs. In 2005, our institution initiated a protocol for use of ertapenem, a @entity2893 , as the first-line treatment option for these @entity281 . It is unknown whether ertapenem is associated with similar clinical response and microbiologic cure rates as those achieved with group 2 carbapenems ( @entity2892 , meropenem, @entity19010 ). OBJECTIVE: To describe clinical response and microbiologic cure rates associated with ertapenem as first-line treatment of @entity281 caused by ESBL-producing organisms. METHODS: This case series included @entity1 who received ertapenem for more than 48 hours to treat a documented infection with a positive culture for an ESBL-producing organism. Efficacy was determined by the clinical response and microbiologic cure rates achieved with ertapenem. RESULTS: Seventy-three @entity1 received ertapenem for a mean (SD) of 10.7 (5.9) days. The most common (59%) infection site was urine. The most common causative organisms were ESBL-producing @entity3274 (47%) and @entity526 (48%). Clinical response was observed in 78% of @entity1 . Microbiologic cure was achieved in 92% of the evaluable population (n = 50). There were no significant differences in clinical or microbiologic cure rates across important subgroups. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 treated with ertapenem achieved favorable clinical response and microbiologic cure rates. Our data suggest that ertapenem can be used as an alternative to group 2 carbapenems for the treatment of @entity281 caused by ESBL-producing gram-negative organisms.

title: Clinical outcomes with ertapenem as a first-line treatment option of XXXX caused by extended-spectrum b-lactamase producing gram-negative bacteria.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2892 :: ('MESH:D015378', 'Chemical') :: ['imipenem']

entities_list: @entity3274 :: ('573', 'Species') :: ['Klebsiella pneumoniae']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity2893 :: ('CHEBI:46765', 'Chemical') :: ['carbapenem']

entities_list: @entity19010 :: ('MESH:C099245', 'Chemical') :: ['doripenem']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

answer: @entity281 :: (MESH:D007239,Disease) :: ['infections']


abstract: The work reports about the recently detected forms of tbc of skin and peripheral lymphnodes, which were confirmed in @entity1 of the Dermatology Department of UTaRCH, Bratislava, Podunajsk   Biskupice in the period 1981-1989. From the total of 221 newly detected diseases the @entity3298 or tbc cutis colliquativa occurred in 171 @entity1 (77.4%). The @entity3298 was confirmed in 140 @entity1 (63.4%). @entity3298 , or @entity17096 (tbc cutis colliquativa) most frequently inflicted the cervical subcutaneous lymphnodes--in 140 @entity1 (81.9%). Unilateral infliction of lymphnodes prevailed. Incidence of these diseases was significantly higher in @entity1 (76%) than in @entity1 (24%). Within the process of differential diagnostics, in cases with inflicted peripheral subcutaneous lymphnodes it is necessary to take into consideration the possibility of their tuberculous etiology. (Fig. 1, Tab. 3, Ref. 7.).

title: [Tuberculous XXXX --the most frequent symptom of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity17096 :: ('MESH:D014382', 'Disease') :: ['scrofuloderma']

entities_list: @entity3298 :: ('MESH:D008199', 'Disease') :: ['Lymphadenitis', 'lymphadenitis']

answer: @entity3298 :: (MESH:D008199,Disease) :: ['lymphadenitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1282 is a common complication after cervical spine @entity130 with @entity1566 . We sought to characterize the prevalence of @entity1282 within a total cervical @entity3510 (CSI) population, considering the implications of @entity1566 status and age on @entity1282 development. We hypothesized that while greater rates of @entity1282 would be found in geriatric and spinal cord-injured subgroups, all @entity1 presenting with CSI would be at heightened risk for swallowing dysfunction. METHODS: All @entity130 admissions to a level II @entity130 center from January 2010 to April 2014 with CSI were retrospectively reviewed. CSI was classified as any ligamentous or cervical @entity174 with or without @entity1566 . @entity1 failing a formal swallow evaluation were considered dysphagic. The implications of @entity1282 development on age and @entity1566 status were assessed in univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS: A total of 481 @entity1 met study inclusion criteria, of which 123 (26%) developed @entity1282 . Within the dysphagic subpopulation, 90 @entity1 (73%) were geriatric, and 23 (19%) sustained @entity1566 . The dysphagic subpopulation was predominantly free from @entity1566 (81%). Multivariate analyses found age (adjusted odds ratio: 1.06; 95% confidence interval 1.04-1.07; P  <  0.001) and @entity1566 (adjusted odds ratio: 2.69; 95% confidence interval 1.30-5.56; P  =  0.008) to be significant predictors of @entity1282 development. CONCLUSIONS: Despite spinal cord-injured @entity1 being at increased risk for @entity1282 , most of the dysphagic subpopulation was free from @entity1566 . Geriatric and CSI @entity1 with or without @entity1566 should be at heightened suspicion for @entity1282 development.

title: A bitter pill to swallow: XXXX in @entity130 .

entities_list: @entity3510 :: ('MESH:D013124', 'Disease') :: ['spinal injury']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['spinous fracture']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['Dysphagia', 'dysphagia']

entities_list: @entity1566 :: ('MESH:D013119', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord injury', 'cord injury']

answer: @entity1282 :: (MESH:D003680,Disease) :: ['dysphagia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study compared VLTS-589 (plasmid encoding the angiomatrix protein @entity24965 in conjunction with @entity12185 ) with @entity12185 control, for the treatment of @entity613 in @entity1 with moderate to severe @entity3657 . METHODS: Subjects with bilateral @entity613 and peak walking time (PWT) between 1 and 10 minutes on 2 qualifying (reproducible; within 25% of each other) treadmill tests were enrolled. @entity1 received VLTS-589 or @entity12185 control, administered as 21 intramuscular injections to each lower extremity (42 mL in each extremity). In addition to safety and tolerability, efficacy evaluations compared to baseline included the following: change in PWT at 90 days (primary end point), change in claudication onset time, change in ankle brachial index (ABI), and change in quality of life measures. RESULTS: A total of 105 @entity1 were randomized and treated. During the 30, 90, and 180 days follow-up, mean PWT, claudication onset time, and ABI were significantly increased compared to baseline values in both treatment groups with no significant difference between groups in the primary or secondary end points. In addition, both groups demonstrated significantly improved quality of life at follow-up vs baseline, with no significant differences between groups. Serious adverse events were similar in both groups--none were definitely treatment-related. CONCLUSION: Intramuscular delivery of both @entity24965 expressing plasmid and the control resulted in significant improvement in exercise capacity compared to baseline at 30, 90, and 180 days. There was no difference in outcome measures associated with the @entity24965 plasmid.

title: Results from a phase II multicenter, double-blind placebo-controlled study of XXXX (VLTS-589) for @entity613 in subjects with @entity3657 .

entities_list: @entity3657 :: ('MESH:D058729', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral arterial disease']

entities_list: @entity613 :: ('MESH:D007383', 'Disease') :: ['intermittent claudication']

answer: @entity24965 :: (10085,Gene) :: ['Del-1']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity6368 is identified as a national challenge due to emerging antimicrobial resistance. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) @entity2953 ( @entity2953 ) Treatment guidelines are updated to address emerging concerns. The aims of this study were 1) to determine the proportion of cases that were adherent to two aspects of the treatment guidelines: antimicrobial treatment and follow-up recommendations and 2) to evaluate differences in adherence based on clinical location. STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective review of medical records was performed for the first positive @entity6368 tests identified in subjects between May 2011 and December 2013 at a large urban academic medical centre. We hypothesised that provider adherence to @entity2953 treatment and prevention guidelines was better at @entity2953 specialised clinics than non-specialised settings. METHODS: Adherence to CDC @entity2953 treatment guidelines was determined for both treatment and prevention management. Demographic, testing differences, and appropriate treatment and follow-up between speciality and non-speciality clinics were evaluated using chi-squared, @entity16043 's exact, and Student's t-test, when appropriate. RESULTS: During the study period, 542/714 positive tests were analysed. Healthcare provider adherence to antimicrobial management guidelines was 82% during the study period. Adherence to the guidelines was 76% and 88% for the 2010 and 2012 time periods, respectively. Non-adherence to recommendations included lack of dual therapy for @entity6368 in speciality clinics and incorrect dose in non-speciality clinics. Appropriate preventive follow-up was identified in only 31% of cases. Both speciality clinics and non-speciality clinics had errors related to partner therapy. CONCLUSIONS: Providers in speciality clinics were more adherent to the guidelines compared with providers at other clinical sites. Significant lack of adherence was identified in the follow-up management of @entity6368 . Evaluation of treatment errors may help improve medical management of @entity6368 .

title: Identifying variations in adherence to the CDC sexually transmitted disease treatment guidelines of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity6368 :: ('485', 'Species') :: ['Neisseria gonorrhoeae', 'N. gonorrhoeae']

entities_list: @entity2953 :: ('MESH:D012749', 'Disease') :: ['STD', 'sexually transmitted diseases']

answer: @entity6368 :: (485,Species) :: ['Neisseria gonorrhoeae']


abstract: A @entity1267 ( @entity1267 ) containing antibodies to enteropathogenic @entity526 strains was prepared by hyperimmunisation of pregnant @entity291 and using the milk obtained during the first 6 to 8 days of lactation. The sterile concentrate contained 70 to 80% protein and 35 to 40% immunoglobulin. The antibacterial activity was measured by bacterial passive agglutination, bacteriostatic activity in vitro, phagocytic clearance in vivo, and a protection test in @entity19 . Though differences in titers were observed, adequate immunologic activity was demonstrated by these tests. Clinical studies were performed with 60 @entity1 (aged 10 days to 18 months) suffering from @entity294 with isolation of enteropathogenic @entity526 . They were treated for 10 days with @entity1267 and stool cultures were done prior to, during, and 2, 3 and 4 days after termination of treatment. Among 51 @entity1 infected with @entity526 strains incorporated in the vaccine, stool cultures became negative in 43 (84.3%) after treatment with @entity1267 and 8 remained positive. Nine @entity1 infected with strains O 78:K80(B-) and O 114:K--(B-)--which were not included in the vaccine used for immunisation--served as controls. Only one @entity1 in this group became negative. If all patients receiving antibiotics for non @entity281 during the treatment period are omitted the results remained unaltered: @entity1267 was effective in 32 out of 38 @entity1 (84.2%). These differences were highly significant. These results provide evidence that treatment with specific @entity1267 is effective in eliminating enteropathogenic @entity526 from the intestine.

title: Treatment of infantile XXXX gastroenteritis with specific bovine anti-E. coli milk immunoglobulins.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1267 :: ('MESH:D010319', 'Disease') :: ['milk immunoglobulin concentrate', 'MIC']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhoea']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal infections']

answer: @entity526 :: (562,Species) :: ['E. coli']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To develop novel quantitative and semiquantitative @entity79 measures at metacarpophalangeal (MCP) and wrist joints in @entity1 with @entity309 ( @entity309 ) using high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT), and to correlate these measurements with disease duration and @entity236 ( @entity236 ) patterns derived from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). METHODS: Sixteen @entity1 with @entity309 and 7 healthy subjects underwent hand and wrist HR-pQCT and 3-Tesla MRI. Bone @entity2681 of the @entity12869 , @entity7721 , and distal radius were evaluated by measuring maximal erosion dimension on axial slices, which is a simple and fast measurement, and then were graded (grades 0-3) based on the maximal dimension. Correlation coefficients were calculated between (1) sum maximal dimensions, highest grades, and sum grades of @entity79 ; (2) erosion measures and the clinical evaluation; (3) erosion measures and @entity236 volume in distal radius. RESULTS: The inter- and intrareader agreements of maximal erosion dimensions were excellent (intraclass correlation coefficients 0.89, 0.99, and root mean square error 9.4%, 4.7%, respectively). Highest grades and sum grades were significantly correlated to sum maximal dimensions of all @entity2681 . @entity2681 , sum maximal erosion dimensions, highest grades, and sum grades correlated significantly with disease duration. @entity2681 , sum maximal dimensions, and erosion grading of the distal radius correlated significantly with @entity236 volume. CONCLUSION: HR-pQCT provides a sensitive method with high reader agreement in assessment of structural @entity79 in @entity309 . The good correlation of erosion measures with disease duration as well as @entity236 volume suggests that they could become feasible measures of @entity2681 in @entity309 .

title: Quantitative and semiquantitative XXXX assessment on high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography in @entity309 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2681 :: ('MESH:D014077', 'Disease') :: ['Number of erosions', 'erosions']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone damage', 'bone erosion', 'bone erosions']

entities_list: @entity236 :: ('MESH:D001855', 'Disease') :: ['bone marrow edema', 'BME']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA']

answer: @entity79 :: (MESH:D001847,Disease) :: ['bone erosion']


abstract: Chitin microcapsules are prepared using a simple desolvation or nonsolvent addition phase separation method with @entity4446 ( @entity7275 ) as a reference core. Chitin with a molecular weight about 400,000 is used to prepare different core loaded microcapsules. The drug release rates of chitin microcapsules prepared by simple desolvation or nonsolvent addition method have different release profiles which are related to the rate of phase separation. With respect to the solubility parameter difference (delta delta) value between solvent and nonsolvent, the release rate of @entity7275 from microcapsules decreases with increasing delta delta of the preparative system. The chitin beads show poor swelling properties and their release rates are pH-dependent. Sustained release of @entity7275 from chitin microcapsules in low pH and neutral medium can be accomplished. To determine if the drug release from the polymer matrix is via a diffusion controlled or by an erosion controlled process, @entity7275 release profiles of various chitin microcapsules degraded by lysozyme are investigated. The drug-release patterns of the chitin microcapsules prepared by nonsolvent addition ( @entity1324 , @entity20856 , @entity10439 ) and simple desolvation in @entity1324 are not only diffusion but also lysozyme digestion influenced. Whereas, by using water or @entity1068 as nonsolvent or desolvating agent, release profiles of the microcapsules prepared by nonsolvent addition and the simple desolvation method seem to be little affected by enzyme degradation. These results indicate that chitin might prove useful as a polymer carrier for the sustained release of drugs.

title: Preparation and release properties of biodegradable chitin microcapsules: II. Sustained release of XXXX from chitin microcapsules.

entities_list: @entity4446 :: ('MESH:D015122', 'Chemical') :: ['6-mercaptopurine']

answer: @entity4446 :: (MESH:D015122,Chemical) :: ['6-mercaptopurine']


abstract: Thirty-nine hospital-based cases of @entity63 were reviewed. There were 18 males and 21 females. Average age was 68.7 years (range, 18 to 92 years). @entity66 among 13 @entity1 younger than 65 included @entity177 in seven @entity1 and hematologic, vasculitic, or @entity1413 in four. In 26 @entity1 65 or older, @entity712 was seen in 13, @entity455 in eight, and previous aortic surgery in four. Nineteen @entity1 were treated nonsurgically and 8 died (42 percent mortality). Twenty @entity1 (51 percent) underwent surgery: 18 had resection with colostomy or ileostomy and two had resection with reanastomosis; one @entity1 underwent laparotomy followed by second-look exploration without resection. Thirteen of the 20 surgical @entity1 died (65 percent mortality). Both @entity1 who underwent reanastomosis died of @entity295 . The data show a close association between @entity63 and a number of serious systemic diseases including @entity177 , @entity1294 heart and @entity455 , and hematologic, vasculitic, and connective-tissue disease. A predilection for the right colon and sigmoid @entity694 was seen. A formidable mortality rate (53 percent) was found among @entity1 treated both surgically and nonsurgically.

title: Mortality from XXXX .

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular disease']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['Associated diseases']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic colitis']

entities_list: @entity1294 :: ('MESH:D015140', 'Disease') :: ['arteriosclerotic']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity1413 :: ('MESH:D003095', 'Disease') :: ['collagen vascular diseases']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon and splenic flexure']

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['ischemic colitis']


abstract: The @entity588 family of genes plays important roles in the regulation of apoptosis. The present study was designed to assess the clinicopathologic significance of apoptosis and the expression of the apoptosis-inhibitory @entity588 protein (pBcl-2) and the apoptosis-promoting @entity589 protein (pBax) in @entity1 @entity513 ( @entity513 ) of the pancreas. The present study included 66 @entity513 that were resected between 1982 and 1998. Apoptosis was assessed by the in situ nick end labeling method and pBcl-2 and pBax were stained immunohistochemically. Apoptosis was quantified as the apoptotic index (AI, the percentage of apoptotic cells of the total @entity5 cells), and a high AI (>10%) was observed in 26 of the 66 (39%) @entity513 . The AI correlated significantly with the extent of nodal involvement. pBax immunoreactivity was detected in 42 of 66 @entity513 (64%), and pBax expression was significantly correlated with female gender and showed a significant negative correlation with the extent of nodal involvement. pBcl-2 was expressed in 16 @entity513 (24%) but did not show any correlation with the clinicopathologic factors. The AI did not correlate with the expression of pBcl-2 or pBax, but there was a significant correlation between the expression of pBcl-2 and that of pBax; 15 of the 16 pBcl-2(+) @entity513 were also pBax(+), and only one pBcl-2(+)IDC was pBax(-). Univariate analysis demonstrated that the degree of apoptosis had no significant influence on the @entity1 ' prognosis, pBax or pBcl-2 expression was significantly associated with a better prognosis, and in particular, the pBax(+)pBcl-2(+) group had a significantly higher survival than the other groups. On the other hand, the survival curve of the adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) group was also higher than that of the surgery alone (SA) group, with borderline statistical signfiicance. The ACT group showed a significantly better survival rate than the SA group for the pBax(+)IDC @entity1 , but the AI and pBcl-2 expression were not correlated with an improved survival rate in the ACT group. Multivariate analysis showed that the AI. pBcl-2 expression, and pBax expression by themselves did not represent significant variables for @entity204 owing to IDC, but pBax expression was significantly associated with the efficacy of ACT. In conclusion, pBax expression may be essential for pBcl-2 expression. pBcl-2 and pBax expressions are not significant prognostic factors for @entity1 with IDC, but pBax expression may be beneficial in predicting the effects of ACT on @entity1 with IDC.

title: Apoptosis and expression of @entity588 and XXXX proteins in invasive ductal carcinoma of the pancreas.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity513 :: ('MESH:D044584', 'Disease') :: ['IDCs', 'invasive ductal carcinomas']

answer: @entity589 :: (581,Gene) :: ['Bax']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The presepsin level (a soluble @entity5750 subtype) is thought to increase in cases of @entity2348 . It has been stated that @entity5750 also plays a role in the pathogenesis of various @entity1800 . @entity8972 ( @entity8972 ) is an arboviral @entity2927 . Our study focuses on the presepsin level as a biomarker for @entity8972 . Serum presepsin levels in @entity8972 group (n=59) and control (n=28) have been compared. @entity1 with @entity8972 have been classified as mild, moderate and severe groups (group 1, 2 and 3 respectively) in terms of the @entity816 ( @entity816 ). Presepsin levels were measured in serum samples using a commercial ELISA. The mean presepsin levels were found to be significantly different in the @entity8972 and healthy group (1499.46  411.96 pg/ml and 430.68  61.21 pg/ml, respectively). The mean presepsin levels were found to be significantly different in the @entity8972 groups (1, 2, 3) and healthy group (1204.53  371.18, 1464.21  338.37, 2007.36  82.18 and 430.68  61.21 pg/ml, respectively) (p<0,05). We have also found out that as the severity of the disease increases, the presepsin value increases. We are of the opinion that presepsin values could be used as a supportive biomarker for diagnosis and follow-up of the disease.

title: PRESEPSIN LEVELS OF XXXX WITH CRIMEAN-CONGO HEMORRHAGIC FEVER.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients']

entities_list: @entity2927 :: ('MESH:D015047', 'Disease') :: ['zoonotic infection']

entities_list: @entity2348 :: ('MESH:D001424', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial infection']

entities_list: @entity8972 :: ('MESH:D006479', 'Disease') :: ['CCHF', 'Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever']

entities_list: @entity1800 :: ('MESH:D014777', 'Disease') :: ['viral diseases']

entities_list: @entity816 :: ('MESH:D001254', 'Disease') :: ['SGS', 'Severity Grading Score']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['PATIENTS']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Disorders of @entity146 and sleep-related @entity387 are common in hemodialysis @entity1 . Most such evidence is based on studies involving small numbers of @entity1 . METHODS: We undertook a large multicenter analysis of @entity146 in more than 700 Taiwanese @entity1 on maintenance hemodialysis therapy for 6 months to 20-plus years by using self-administered questionnaires: the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, and Berlin Questionnaire for risk for @entity387 , validated for the general population. @entity1 also completed a questionnaire to assess symptoms related to @entity4531 and periodic limb movements (PLMs). Sleep behavior was analyzed in relation to demographic and dialysis-related parameters provided by the participating dialysis centers. RESULTS: Sleep disturbance was very common in this cohort, with problems of @entity22 (66.6%) exceeding those related to @entity25 (17.8%). Sleep disturbances were associated with @entity4531 ( @entity4531 )/ @entity6512 and a high risk for @entity387 , determined by using the Berlin Questionnaire. Older age increased the odds of @entity25 , but not @entity22 . Lower dialysis dose (single-pool Kt/V) increased the likelihood of @entity25 and was associated with greater rates for @entity4531 / @entity6512 and risk for @entity387 . Use of antihypertensive medications (a probable surrogate for more severe @entity101 ) was associated strongly with high risk for @entity387 . Smoking was associated with @entity4531 / @entity6512 and risk for @entity387 , whereas consumption of stimulant beverages (coffee and tea) had contrary effects on @entity4531 / @entity6512 and risk for @entity387 and were not implicated in measures of @entity22 or @entity25 . A greater likelihood of @entity22 for greater hemoglobin levels and greater likelihood of @entity25 for @entity1 administered @entity560 analogues were not explained by the available data. CONCLUSION: @entity25 and sleep-related @entity387 are common in hemodialysis @entity1 . Greater attention in the care of dialysis @entity1 needs to be directed to the diagnosis and management of @entity25 .

title: Sleep XXXX in a large cohort of chinese (Taiwanese) @entity1 maintained by long-term hemodialysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity387 :: ('MESH:D012891', 'Disease') :: ['sleep apnea', 'breathing disorders']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['sleep behavior']

entities_list: @entity4531 :: ('MESH:D012148', 'Disease') :: ['restless legs', 'restless legs syndrome', 'RLS']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['Sleep disorders', 'sleep disorders', 'daytime sleepiness']

entities_list: @entity560 :: ('MESH:D014807', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin D']

entities_list: @entity22 :: ('MESH:D007319', 'Disease') :: ['insomnia']

answer: @entity146 :: (MESH:D001523,Disease) :: ['behavior disorders']


abstract: Invasive @entity364 (IFI) with substantial mortality constitute an increasing problem among BMT @entity1 . From 1986 to 1996 148 @entity1 underwent BMT, and are included in a retrospective analysis of the incidence, risk factors and outcome of IFI. By histopathology or culture-proven IFI (Candida, 10; Aspergillus, 8) was documented in 12/73 (16%) allogeneic and in 6/75 (8%) autologous BMT @entity1 . Of these 18 @entity1 , 15 subsequently died, and in 12 (66%) IFI was regarded as the main cause of @entity204 . In addition to the @entity1 with documented IFI, 48 had suspected and 82 no @entity364 . Invasive @entity281 were more frequent in @entity1 with semiquantitatively estimated abundant candidal colonization as compared with those with no colonization (18% vs 3%, P = 0.015). In the allogeneic group, 50% of those with severe (grades III-IV) aGVHD had IFI as opposed to 8% of those with no or mild aGVHD (P < 0.001). Regarding cGVHD, 57% of those with extensive cGVHD vs 5% of those with absent or limited cGVHD had IFI (P < 0.001). The dose of @entity230 was associated with IFI: 77% of those who received high-dose @entity230 ( @entity1667 0.25-1 g/day for 5 days) vs 5% of those with conventional-dose ( @entity229 2 mg/kg/day) had IFI (P < 0.001). Particularly for BMT @entity1 at risk, new, quicker and better diagnostic tests and more effective anti-fungal agents, both for prophylaxis and treatment, are needed.

title: Invasive XXXX in pediatric bone marrow transplant recipients: single center experience of 10 years.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1667 :: ('MESH:D008775', 'Chemical') :: ['methylprednisolone']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['candidal infections']

entities_list: @entity364 :: ('MESH:D009181', 'Disease') :: ['fungal infections', 'fungal infection']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

answer: @entity364 :: (MESH:D009181,Disease) :: ['fungal infections']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe a @entity1 with @entity1897 with conduction block who had annual clinical and physiological examinations for 18 years but declined treatment for personal reasons. DESIGN: Case report. SETTING: Collaboration between 2 academic tertiary care hospitals. @entity1 One @entity1 with @entity1897 with conduction block. RESULTS: At age 44 years, there was @entity425 and @entity5653 of the left biceps with conduction block in the left musculocutaneous and right ulnar nerves. The left median nerve was inexcitable. The right median, ulnar, and left peroneal nerves developed axonal change (loss of distal compound muscle action potential amplitude) at years 5, 12, and 13. By 2005, new @entity425 had appeared in 20 muscles (16 in the arms); he could not use a keyboard, button buttons, or write his name. Nerves that initially showed conduction block became inexcitable over the course of the illness. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1897 with conduction block is a disease that may be "only" slowly progressive but is not always benign. Nerves showing conduction block may develop axonal change. Better markers for this disease are needed.

title: XXXX with conduction block: slow but not benign.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['Multifocal motor neuropathy', 'multifocal motor neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['weakness']

answer: @entity1897 :: (MESH:D010523,Disease) :: ['Multifocal motor neuropathy']


abstract: Identification of allergenic chemicals is an important occupational safety issue. While several methods exist to identify contact sensitizers, there is currently no validated model to predict the potential of chemicals to act as respiratory sensitizers. Previously, we reported that cytometry analysis of the local immune responses induced in @entity19 dermally exposed to the respiratory sensitizer @entity12932 ( @entity10226 10%) and contact sensitizer dinitrochlorobenzene ( @entity3304 1%) could identify divergent expression of several immune parameters. The present study confirms, first, that IgE-positive B cells, MHC class II molecules, @entity2047 , @entity58 and @entity13838 can differentiate the @entity56 caused by high doses of strong respiratory ( @entity10226 , @entity14834 and @entity26678 ) and contact sensitizers ( @entity3304 , @entity18581 and @entity10312 ). The second part of the study was designed to test the robustness of these markers when classing the weakly immunogenic chemicals most often encountered. Six respiratory allergens, including @entity10226 (2.5%), five contact allergens, including @entity3304 (0.25%), and two irritants were compared at doses of equivalent immunogenicity. The results indicated that @entity13838 and @entity2047 can be reliably used to discriminate sensitizers. Respiratory sensitizers induced markedly higher @entity13838 levels than contact allergens, while irritants had no effect on this parameter. Inversely, contact allergens tended to induce higher percentages of @entity2047   CD8    cells than respiratory allergens. In contrast, the markers @entity8200 , IgE and @entity58 were not able to classify chemicals with low immunogenic potential. In conclusion, @entity13838 and @entity2047 have the potential to be used in classifying a variety of chemical allergens.

title: Identification of contact and respiratory sensitizers according to @entity58 receptor a expression and XXXX production.

entities_list: @entity10312 :: ('MESH:D010081', 'Chemical') :: ['oxazolone']

entities_list: @entity18581 :: ('MESH:D004139', 'Chemical') :: ['dinitrofluorobenzene']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic reactions']

entities_list: @entity14834 :: ('MESH:C043103', 'Chemical') :: ['phthalic anhydride']

entities_list: @entity26678 :: ('MESH:D014051', 'Chemical') :: ['toluene diisocyanate']

entities_list: @entity12932 :: ('MESH:C015559', 'Chemical') :: ['trimellitic anhydride']

answer: @entity2047 :: (16183(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['IL-2']


abstract: Eighteen out of twenty @entity1522 have been used for identifying tRNAs from the @entity12638 @entity12638 L. fractionated on two-dimensional @entity2975 gel electrophoresis. 43 spots out of 53 have been identified. This mapping confirms previous results and brings new answers to some questions on the regulation of tRNA biosynthesis. 1. In addition to quantitative adaptation of tRNAs to the composition of silk proteins ( @entity36922 from the posterior silk gland, sericin from the middle part) and of iso-tRNAs from posterior silk gland to the major codons of @entity36922 mRNA, we also observe adaptation of tRNA from various tissues to the average @entity535 content of proteins from fat body, gut, gonads and carcass of the @entity12638 . 2. In the silk gland, turnover rates of several tRNA species are similar. The selective accumulation of tRNAs needed for decoding @entity36922 and sericin mRNAs which takes place during the Vth larval instar, cannot be explained by the occurrence of a preferential degradation of some tRNA species. 3. Under given conditions for incubating silk glands, it is possible to obtain an accumulation of precursor tRNA species, which are enriched in pre-tRNAAla and pre-tRNAGly in the posterior silk gland and pre-tRNASer in the middle part. 4. The distribution of tRNA genes is not random. tRNA genes for @entity2228 , @entity493 and @entity563 are prominent. Selective transcription of batteries of iso-tRNA genes could explain our data.

title: Studies on tRNA adaptation, tRNA turnover, precursor tRNA and tRNA gene distribution in @entity12638 by using two-dimensional XXXX gel electrophoresis.

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity2228 :: ('CHEBI:57305', 'Chemical') :: ['glycine']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity12638 :: ('7091', 'Species') :: ['Bombyx mori', 'silkworm']

entities_list: @entity2975 :: ('CHEBI:51135', 'Chemical') :: ['polyacrylamide']

entities_list: @entity563 :: ('CHEBI:17822', 'Chemical') :: ['serine']

entities_list: @entity493 :: ('CHEBI:16449', 'Chemical') :: ['alanine']

answer: @entity2975 :: (CHEBI:51135,Chemical) :: ['polyacrylamide']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: To compare long-term histologic features of @entity1478 versus resection. DESIGN: Randomized clinical trial (Canadian Task Force classification I). SETTING: Akdeniz University School of Medicine. @entity1 : @entity1 with @entity931 undergoing endometrial ablation. INTERVENTION: Comparison of @entity1 with @entity931 undergoing endometrial resection and ablation. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Endometrial rollerball ablation (n = 23 @entity1 ) and resection (n = 25) were followed by second-look office hysteroscopy with endometrial biopsy. Mean follow-up to second look hysteroscopy after rollerball ablation and loop resection was 33.4 +/- 2.1 and 31.1 +/- 2.6 months, respectively. Complete @entity194 and partial adhesion or obliteration of the cavity and @entity82 were observed at second-look hysteroscopy and were similar in both groups. Whereas all random biopsy specimens after both ablation and resection revealed diminished endometrial glands with varied @entity39 and @entity2318 , the number of endometrial glands per field was not correlated with amount of @entity548 or menstrual pattern. Bleeding patterns were similar between the groups. No precancerous or malignant lesion was found after the procedures. CONCLUSION: Although efficacy of both endometrial ablation and resection is related to initial thermal destruction and correlated with postablation hysteroscopic and histologic findings, endometrial regrowth may be expected and is not a failure of ablation. Both procedures revealed histopathologically and clinically similar results.

title: Comparison of the long-term histopathologic and morphologic changes after XXXX and resection: a prospective randomized trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'Women', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity1478 :: ('MESH:D014591', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial rollerball ablation']

entities_list: @entity931 :: ('MESH:D008595', 'Disease') :: ['menorrhagia']

answer: @entity1478 :: (MESH:D014591,Disease) :: ['endometrial rollerball ablation']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To study the surface properties of @entity12316 ( @entity12316 ) and its bond strength with two veneering resins after different conditioning methods as well as @entity174 load of PEEK three-unit fixed dental prostheses (FDPs). METHODS: Two hundred and twenty five PEEK specimens were fabricated and divided into five groups: no treatment (A), etching with 98% @entity8316 for 1 min (B), air-abrasion for 10 s with either 50 or 110  m @entity5383 (C and D, respectively), and @entity3440 coating using the Rocatec System (E). On 15 specimens of each conditioning method, contact angle and surface roughness were determined. The remaining 150 specimens of each conditioning method were divided into two groups for the veneering procedure with the composites Gradia (GC Europe) and Sinfony (3M ESPE). Shear bond strength (SBS) was measured and failure types were assessed. In addition, 15 FDPs were milled and the @entity174 load was tested. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA (Scheff   test), two sample Student's t-test, and Weibull statistics (p < 0.05). RESULTS: @entity3440 -coated PEEK surfaces showed the highest wettability. The highest roughness and lowest contact angles were observed for 110  m air-abraded and @entity3440 -coated PEEK surfaces. The highest SBS values were, however, achieved in the acid-etched group. PEEK three-unit FDPs showed a mean @entity174 load of 1383 N with a @entity85 starting approximately at 1200 N. CONCLUSIONS: Acid etching should be applied when PEEK is used as substructure material and composite veneering material is applied. In this combination, PEEK might be a suitable material for FDPs, especially in load-bearing areas.

title: XXXX -a suitable material for fixed dental prostheses?

entities_list: @entity8316 :: ('MESH:C033158', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfuric acid']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity12316 :: ('MESH:C063834', 'Chemical') :: ['PEEK', 'polyetheretherketone']

entities_list: @entity3440 :: ('MESH:D012822', 'Chemical') :: ['Silica', 'silica']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['plastic deformation']

answer: @entity12316 :: (MESH:C063834,Chemical) :: ['Polyetheretherketone']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIM: Mid-facial defect is one of the most disfiguring and impairing defects. A design of prosthesis that is aesthetic and stable can be precious to a @entity1 who has lost part of his face due to surgical excision. Prosthesis can restore the @entity1 ' self-esteem and confidence, which affects the @entity1 and their life style. The aim of this case report is to describe a technique of mid-facial @entity1346 prosthesis fabrication. TECHNIQUE: To provide an aesthetic and stable facial prosthesis, the extra-oral prosthesis was fabricated using @entity1346 material, while the intra-oral defect was restored with obturator prosthesis, and then both prostheses were connected and attached to each other using magnets. DISCUSSION: This clinical report describes the rehabilitation of a large mid-facial defect with a two-piece prosthesis. The @entity1346 facial prosthesis was made hollow and lighter by using an acrylic framework. Two acrylic channels were included within the facial prosthesis to provide the @entity1 with clean and patent airways. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: A sectional mid-facial prosthesis was made and retained in place by using magnets, which resulted in a significant improvement in the aesthetical and functional outcome without the need for plastic surgery. @entity1346 prostheses are reliable alternatives to surgery and should be considered in selected cases.

title: Prosthetic management of mid-facial defect with magnet-retained XXXX prosthesis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1346 :: ('MESH:D012828', 'Chemical') :: ['Silicone', 'silicone']

answer: @entity1346 :: (MESH:D012828,Chemical) :: ['silicone']


abstract: Eight cell lines were systematically compared for their permissivity to @entity281 , replication, and spread of seven @entity1 @entity683 viruses. Cell lines were of @entity1 origin (Caco-2, A549, HEp-2, and NCI-H292), monkey (Vero, LLC-MK2), mink (Mv1 Lu), and @entity235 (MDCK). The @entity683 viruses included seasonal types and subtypes and a pandemic virus. The MDCK, Caco-2, and Mv1 Lu cells were subsequently compared for their capacity to report neutralization titers at day one, three and six @entity281 . A gradient of sensitivity to @entity281 across the eight cell lines was observed. Relative to MDCK cells, Mv1 Lu reported higher titers and the remaining six cell lines reported lower titers. The replication and spread of the seven @entity683 viruses in the eight cell substrates was determined using hemagglutinin expression, cytopathic effect, and @entity689 activity. Virus growth was generally concordant with @entity281 , with a gradient in virus replication and spread. However, Mv1 Lu cells poorly supported virus growth, despite a higher sensitivity to @entity281 . Comparison of MDCK, Caco-2, and Mv1 Lu in neutralization assays using defined animal antiserum confirmed MDCK cells as the preferred cell substrate for @entity683 virus testing. The results observed for neutralization at one day @entity281 showed MDCK cells were similar (<1 log(2) lower) or superior (>1 log(2) higher) for all seven viruses. Relative to Caco-2 and Mv1 Lu cells, MDCK generally reported the highest titers at three and six days @entity281 for the type A viruses and lower titers for the type B viruses and the pandemic H9N2 virus. The reduction in @entity22421 titer was attributed to the complete growth of type B viruses in MDCK cells before day three @entity281 , resulting in the systematic underestimation of neutralization titers. This phenomenon was also observed with Caco-2 cells.

title: Comparison of different cell substrates on the measurement of XXXX @entity683 virus neutralizing antibodies.

entities_list: @entity689 :: ('4758', 'Gene') :: ['neuraminidase']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['primary infection', 'post-infection']

entities_list: @entity683 :: ('MESH:D007251', 'Disease') :: ['influenza']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: CONTEXT: Release of genomic DNA into plasma as a result of @entity39 and apoptotic pathways is a feature of a range of @entity1 @entity5 . Severe acute @entity788 is characterized by @entity32 but may also be associated with accelerated apoptotic and @entity39 pathways. OBJECTIVES: This study uses quantitative real-time PCR to measure free circulating DNA in @entity1 with severe acute @entity788 . @entity1 : Forty-three @entity1 with severe acute @entity788 , 12 @entity1 with @entity5 controls undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. METHODS: Plasma DNA was purified and quantified using the RNase P transcription assay and quantitative PCR. In @entity788 @entity1 , baseline samples were taken on admission and further samples taken at a median of 5 days into the disease course. RESULTS: Plasma DNA levels on admission in @entity1 with acute @entity788 (median: 0.40 ng/microL; range: 0.05-0.79 ng/microL) were significantly (P<0.001) lower than in non- @entity5 controls (median: 1.60 ng/microL; range: 0.45-9.10 ng/microL). In @entity1 with acute @entity788 , DNA levels significantly (P<0.001) fell during the disease course to a median value of 0.08 ng/microL (range: 0-0.53 ng/microL). CONCLUSION: This is the first study to use quantitative PCR to measure free plasma DNA in severe acute @entity788 . The results show that plasma DNA is lower in @entity1 with acute @entity788 compared to control and that values fall further during the disease course.

title: Quantitative analysis of plasma DNA in severe acute XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrotic']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'tumours', 'pancreatic cancer and 28 non-cancer']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatitis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine whether incubation of cruciate ligament cells with @entity117 , @entity9693 , @entity9213 , or @entity29774 provides protection against apoptosis induced by @entity1854 ( @entity4982 ). SAMPLE: Explants of cranial (CCL) and caudal (CaCL) cruciate ligaments from eight 1-day-old Beagles. PROCEDURES: Primary cultures of CCL and CaCL cells were created via enzymatic dissociation of cruciate explants. Purified cell cultures were incubated for 2 hours without (controls) or with 1 of 3 concentrations of 1 of 4 NSAIDs (10, 100, or 200  g of @entity117 /mL; 0.1, 1, or 10  g of @entity9693 /mL; 0.1, 1, or 10  g of @entity9213 /mL; or 0.1, 1, or 10  g of @entity29774 /mL) and subsequently incubated for 18 hours with 1 of 3 concentrations of @entity4982 in an attempt to induce mild, moderate, or severe cytotoxic effects. Cell viability and apoptosis were analyzed via a cell proliferation assay and flow cytometry, respectively. @entity1421 concentrations were measured via an ELISA. RESULTS: Cytoprotective effects of NSAIDs were dependent on the extent of @entity4982 -induced apoptosis and were greatest in CCL and CaCL cell cultures with moderate @entity4982 -induced cytotoxic effects. Preincubation with an NSAID improved cell viability by 15% to 45% when CCL and CaCL cells were subsequently incubated with @entity4982 . @entity9693 (10  g/mL) had the greatest cytoprotective effects for CCL and CaCL cells. Incubation with NSAIDs resulted in a nonsignificant decrease in @entity1421 production from @entity4982 -damaged cells. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results indicated that @entity9693 , @entity9213 , and @entity29774 may reduce apoptosis in cells originating from @entity235 cruciate ligaments.

title: In vitro cytoprotective effects of @entity117 , @entity9693 , @entity9213 , or @entity29774 against apoptosis induced by XXXX in @entity235 cruciate ligament cells.

entities_list: @entity1421 :: ('MESH:D015232', 'Chemical') :: ['PGE(2)', 'Prostaglandin E(2)']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylsalicylic acid']

entities_list: @entity1854 :: ('MESH:D009599', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium nitroprusside']

entities_list: @entity29774 :: ('MESH:C551524', 'Chemical') :: ['robenacoxib']

entities_list: @entity9213 :: ('MESH:C065757', 'Chemical') :: ['meloxicam']

entities_list: @entity9693 :: ('MESH:C007005', 'Chemical') :: ['carprofen', 'Carprofen']

answer: @entity1854 :: (MESH:D009599,Chemical) :: ['sodium nitroprusside']


abstract: We combined field and laboratory experimentation to evaluate the effects of @entity7459 in a panel of Los Angeles area residents with chronic @entity1576 , 15 @entity1 and 11 @entity1 aged 47 to 69. All had heavy smoking history, chronic symptoms, and low FEV1; some also had low FVC. During the fall-winter high- @entity6836 season, they monitored themselves for 2-wk periods using spirometers in the home, passive @entity6836 sampling badges, and diaries to record time and activity patterns and clinical status. In the middle of each self-monitoring week they were exposed in a chamber, once to clean air and once to 0.3 ppm @entity6836 . Chamber exposures were double blind, lasted 4 h, and included four 7-min exercise sessions with average ventilation rates near 25 L/min. Symptom reports and hourly forced expiratory function tests showed no statistically significant differences between clean air and @entity6836 chamber exposures, although peak flow showed a approximately 3% loss with @entity6836 relative to clean air during the first 2 h of exposure only (p = 0.056). No significant overall differences were found between field self-measurements and measurements of lung function in the chamber or between field measurements in clean air and @entity6836 exposure weeks. Field data showed that group average lung function and symptom levels were worse in the morning than later in the day (p < 0.005) but otherwise were stable over 2 wk. Even though most subjects smoked and stayed indoors 80 to 90% of the time, personal @entity6836 exposures correlated significantly with outdoor @entity6836 concentrations as reported by local monitoring stations.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Exposures of older adults with chronic @entity1576 to XXXX . A combined laboratory and field study.

entities_list: @entity7459 :: ('MESH:D009585', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen dioxide']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory illness']

answer: @entity7459 :: (MESH:D009585,Chemical) :: ['nitrogen dioxide']


abstract: @entity5125 is a Gram-positive @entity1 pathogen that is responsible for serious @entity281 in immunocompromised individuals and pregnant @entity1 . Because of recent epidemics caused by food contaminated with @entity5125 , rapid methods for the detection of this pathogen in food are of interest. Capillary gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC-FID) was used to determine the cellular @entity844 profiles of six species of Listeria. The six different species are @entity5125 , L. ivanovii, @entity16085 , @entity16086 , @entity16985 , and @entity15590 . For GC-FID analysis, whole cell @entity15006 (FAMEs) from cells cultured on brain heart infusion (BHI) agar at 35 degrees C for 24 h were obtained by saponification, methylation, and extraction into @entity4315 / @entity7389 . A preliminary data set for 15 strains of Listeria species was prepared using @entity844 profiles from two or three replicates prepared on different days. Major @entity1718 of the Listeria strains evaluated in this study were C15:0 iso, C15:0 ante iso, C16:0 iso, C16:0, C17:0 iso, and C17:0 ante iso. All of the major @entity1718 differ significantly among these six species. The two @entity1718 C17:0 ante iso and C15:0 ante iso showed the highest percentages, and the ratio of the two clearly showed significant differences between the @entity1 pathogen @entity5125 and the five nonpathogenic species. Analysis of FAMEs from Listeria strains grown on BHI agar by a GC-FID method is a sensitive procedure for identification of these organisms and differentiation between pathogenic and nonpathogenic species.

title: Evaluating the use of XXXX profiles to differentiate @entity1 pathogenic and nonpathogenic Listeria species.

entities_list: @entity844 :: ('CHEBI:35366', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity5125 :: ('1639', 'Species') :: ['Listeria monocytogenes', 'L. monocytogenes']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity7389 :: ('MESH:C043243', 'Chemical') :: ['methyl tert-butyl ether']

entities_list: @entity15006 :: ('CHEBI:4986', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acid methyl esters']

answer: @entity844 :: (CHEBI:35366,Chemical) :: ['fatty acid']


abstract: The neural circuits of the piriform cortex mediate field potential oscillations and complex functions related to integrating odor cues with behavior, affective states, and multisensory processing. Previous anatomical studies have established major neural pathways linking the piriform cortex to other cortical and subcortical regions and major glutamatergic and GABAergic neuronal subtypes within the piriform circuits. However, the quantitative properties of diverse piriform interneurons are unknown. Using quantitative neural anatomical analysis and electrophysiological recording applied to a @entity16707 -EGFP transgenic @entity19 expressing GFP (green fluorescent protein) under the control of the @entity16707 promoter, here we report a novel inhibitory network that is composed of neurons positive for @entity16707 -EGFP in the @entity550 ( @entity550 ). These interneurons had stereotyped dendritic and axonal properties that were distinct from basket cells or interneurons expressing various @entity460 -binding proteins (parvalbumin, calbindin, and calretinin) within the @entity550 . The @entity16707 -GFP neurons are GABAergic and outnumbered any other interneurons (expressing parvalbumin, calbindin, and calretinin) we studied. The firing pattern of these interneurons was highly homogenous and is similar to the regular-spiking nonpyramidal (RSNP) interneurons reported in primary sensory and other neocortical regions. Robust dye coupling among these interneurons and expression of connexin 36 suggested that they form electrically coupled networks. The predominant targets of descending axons of these interneurons were the dendrites of Layer III principal cells. Additionally, synapses were found on dendrites and somata of deep Layer II principal neurons and Layer III basket cells. A similar interneuronal subtype was also found in @entity16707 -EGFP-negative @entity19 . The extensive dendritic bifurcation at superficial lamina IA among horizontal afferent fibers and unique axonal targeting pattern suggests that these interneurons may play a role in direct feedforward inhibitory and disinhibitory olfactory processing. We conclude that the @entity16707 -GFP neurons may play distinct roles in regulating information flow and olfactory-related oscillation within the @entity550 in vivo.

title: Novel interneuronal network in the @entity19 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity550 :: ('MESH:D000303', 'Disease') :: ['posterior piriform cortex', 'PPC']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

answer: @entity550 :: (MESH:D000303,Disease) :: ['posterior piriform cortex']


abstract: Fourteen cases of a mediastinal neoplasm identical to @entity2460 (so-called @entity9662 ) of the pleura were observed. The lesions presented with cough, @entity662 , @entity1353 , or as asymptomatic masses detected radiographically. Two @entity1 had associated @entity4053 . Eleven of the @entity5 were in the antero-superior mediastinum. One arose on a pedicle from the thymus, and another had entrapped thymic elements. @entity5 cells were variably immunoreactive for @entity2277 and actin, but not for keratin, and lacked ultrastructural evidence of mesothelial or epithelial differentiation. Eight cases had highly cellular mitotically active regions of which six of seven with follow-up behaved aggressively; the exception was the pedunculated @entity5 . A 13-cm, histologically bland @entity5 has recurred twice. @entity146 was more common than reported for solitary @entity5 , but the same criteria (size, cellularity, mitotic activity, presence of pedicle) were of prognostic significance. The occurrence of @entity2460 in the mediastinum with the suggestion of thymic origin for some cases, combined with the immunohistochemical and ultrastructural findings, support a mesenchymal origin for this @entity5 . The differential diagnosis includes @entity189 , @entity2698 , and @entity1263 .

title: XXXX of the mediastinum. A report of 14 cases.

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['chest pain']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1263 :: ('MESH:D010524', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral nerve tumors']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'fibrous tumor of the pleura', 'Tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['Aggressive behavior']

entities_list: @entity2698 :: ('MESH:D006393', 'Disease') :: ['hemangiopericytoma']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['spindle cell thymoma']

entities_list: @entity4053 :: ('MESH:D007003', 'Disease') :: ['hypoglycemia']

entities_list: @entity9662 :: ('MESH:D054363', 'Disease') :: ['fibrous mesothelioma']

entities_list: @entity2460 :: ('MESH:D054364', 'Disease') :: ['solitary fibrous tumor']

answer: @entity2460 :: (MESH:D054364,Disease) :: ['Solitary fibrous tumor']


abstract: AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: L- @entity369 , an @entity535 involved in wound healing, is metabolised by one of two pathways; @entity842 synthase and arginase. If metabolised by @entity842 synthase, this can result in tissue destruction, or matrix deposition if metabolised by arginase. The aim therefore was to investigate the role of these enzymes in the pathogenesis of @entity4760 . METHODS: The activity, proteins by Western blot analysis and cellular distribution (using immunocytochemistry) of these enzymes were measured in @entity4760 , @entity6 skin and normal skin. RESULTS: Total and inducible @entity842 synthase (p < 0.001) and endothelial @entity842 synthase were increased in @entity6 compared with @entity6 and normal skin and were associated with increased plasma @entity3542 concentrations in @entity6 (p < 0.05). Inducible @entity842 synthase was the major isoform, with the macrophage being the predominant cellular source. Similarly arginase activity was increased (p < 0.01) in @entity6 . The protein levels corroborated with the activity data, with the fibroblast being the major cellular source. The spatial and cellular distribution of the two enzyme systems was distinct. @entity2533 was decreased in @entity6 in comparison with @entity6 skin and normal skin. CONCLUSION/INTERPRETATION: Increased @entity842 synthase activity in @entity4760 may be responsible for the @entity73 in this disease. Furthermore, the increased activity of arginase could account for the characteristic callus formation around these ulcers. In addition, the lower concentrations of transforming growth factor-betal in @entity6 may explain the raised concentrations of @entity842 in this condition.

title: The role of @entity842 synthase isoforms and arginase in the pathogenesis of XXXX : possible modulatory effects by @entity2533 .

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic ulcers', 'diabetic']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['impaired healing']

entities_list: @entity3542 :: ('CHEBI:16301', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrite']

entities_list: @entity2533 :: ('7040', 'Gene') :: ['Transforming growth factor-beta1']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity369 :: ('CHEBI:29016', 'Chemical') :: ['arginine']

entities_list: @entity4760 :: ('MESH:D017719', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic foot ulcers']

answer: @entity4760 :: (MESH:D017719,Disease) :: ['diabetic foot ulcers']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity694 remains a serious and common surgical complication. Animal models are valuable to determine the pathophysiological mechanisms and to evaluate possible methods of prevention. The aim of this study was to develop an optimal model of clinical colon @entity834 in a technically insufficient @entity254 in the @entity19 . METHODS: A total of 110 @entity19 were used in three pilot studies (1-3) and two experiments (A, B). Due to the high complication rates, the analgesic regimen and surgical techniques were changed throughout the pilot studies/experiments. In the final successful experiment (B), eight and four absorbable sutures were used in the control and intervention anastomoses, respectively, and @entity4783 in @entity6353 spread was used for @entity158 treatment. RESULTS: In the final model (experiment B), significantly more animals in the intervention group had clinical @entity834 compared with controls (40 vs. 0 %, p = 0.003). The weight loss was greater and the wellness score was also lower in these animals (p < 0.001). The breaking strength of the anastomoses was not significantly different between the control group [0.55 N    0.09] and intervention group [0.49 N    0.15] (p = 0.091). CONCLUSIONS: This @entity19 model closely mimics clinical colon @entity834 in @entity1 . The model is of high clinical relevance, since @entity834 has a similar cause, incidence and manifestations in @entity1 .

title: XXXX : improving the @entity19 model.

entities_list: @entity834 :: ('MESH:D057868', 'Disease') :: ['anastomotic leakage']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity4783 :: ('MESH:D002047', 'Chemical') :: ['buprenorphine']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['Colon anastomotic leakage']

answer: @entity694 :: (MESH:D003110,Disease) :: ['Colon anastomotic leakage']


abstract: AIM: @entity3145 ( @entity3145 ), a mediator between coagulation and @entity32 , is upregulated in alveolar compartment and circulation in very low birthweight (VLBW) @entity1 . We investigated the contribution of @entity3145 to systemic regulation of coagulation in VLBW @entity1 . METHODS: We measured @entity3145 , total and free @entity11524 (TFPIt, TFPIf), prothrombin fragment ( @entity6343 ), and thrombin-antithrombin complexes (TAT) in plasma from 51 VLBW @entity1 during their first week of life. RESULTS: @entity6343 in cord plasma was high (1385  pmol/mL) and decreased postnatally to 17% (p  =  0.002). TAT decreased from a high cord concentration to 3% postnatally (p  <  0.001). Plasma @entity3145 increased and peaked on day 3, showing no correlation with @entity6343 or TAT. TFPIt and TFPIf increased postnatally, correlating with @entity3145 (day 1 @entity6013 , p  <  0.001, day 3 TFPIf: R  =  0.582, p  <  0.001). Based on the @entity3145 /TFPIf ratio, a relative excess of plasma @entity3145 over TFPIf probably prevailed on day 3. CONCLUSIONS: In VLBW @entity1 plasma @entity3145 fails to associate with thrombin formation. This is partly explained by release of @entity11524 . Despite @entity11524 , the newborn VLBW @entity1 is subjected to a substantial circulating pool of @entity3145 with potential proinflammatory effects.

title: Coordinated release of tissue factor and @entity11524 in VLBW XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['infants', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity3145 :: ('MESH:D017695', 'Disease') :: ['Tissue factor', 'TF']

entities_list: @entity11524 :: ('7035', 'Gene') :: ['TFPI', 'tissue factor pathway inhibitor']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['infants']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2614 has favourable physical qualities for inhaled @entity1337 during labour @entity158 . The aim of this preliminary study was to identify its optimum concentration. METHODS: In this open-labelled escalating-dose study, 22 parturients in labour self-administered @entity2614 at 10 contractions using an Oxford Miniature Vaporiser. The inspired concentration was increased by 0.2% after each contraction from 0% to 1.4% or decreased if sedation occurred. Visual analogue scores (0-100 mm) for @entity158 intensity, @entity158 relief, sedation, mood and coping were measured after each contraction. RESULTS: The median (IQR [range]) @entity158 relief and sedation scores increased from 44 (43-56 [4-93]) mm and 55 (43-56 [0-98]) mm at 0.2% @entity2614 , to 74 (72-78 [50-80]) mm and 71 (71-73 [33-97]) mm at 1.2% @entity2614 , respectively. @entity158 relief scores did not show any significant increase above 0.8% whilst sedation continued to increase, with excessive sedation occurring at 1.2% @entity2614 . No significant changes in other scores were measured. CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that the optimal @entity2614 concentration in labour was 0.8%. This concentration allows a safety margin and balances the risk of sedation with the benefit of @entity158 relief in labour.

title: @entity1337 with XXXX during labour: i. Determination of the optimum concentration.

entities_list: @entity1337 :: ('MESH:D000699', 'Disease') :: ['analgesia']

entities_list: @entity2614 :: ('MESH:C009250', 'Chemical') :: ['sevoflurane', 'Sevoflurane']

answer: @entity2614 :: (MESH:C009250,Chemical) :: ['sevoflurane']


abstract: The first purpose of this study was to determine a possible explanation for the variability in the response to eccentric exercise by having @entity1 repeat the same exercise 1 year apart. The second purpose was to examine whether @entity130 in response to eccentric exercise was associated with the extent of the repeated bout effect (RBE). Male students performed 30 eccentric contractions (ECC) of the elbow flexors using a dumbbell set at 80% of the pre-exercise maximal isometric force (MIF). @entity1 were then classified into low (LR; n=6), medium (MR; n=6), high (HR; n=5), and higher (HrR; n=7) based on the increase in blood @entity908 kinase (CK) activity. A year later, @entity1 repeated this exercise (ECC30). Four days after ECC30, @entity1 performed 70 eccentric contractions (ECC70). Range of motion, MFI upper arm circumference, soreness, and blood CK activity were measured before and up to 9 days after each bout. The change in the criterion measures following ECC and ECC30 were similar for each group. There were no further changes in all parameters after ECC70 for MR, HR, and HrR, although there was a small increase in CK after ECC70 for LR. LR showed a smaller RBE after ECC70 compared with the other groups. It is concluded that @entity1 who exercised 1 year apart showed remarkably similar responses between the bouts. The extent of the RBE following the second bout for the LR group is less for @entity1 who demonstrate the least evidence of @entity121 after a first exercise bout.

title: Variability in XXXX after eccentric exercise and the repeated bout effect.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity908 :: ('MESH:D003401', 'Chemical') :: ['creatine']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['muscle damage']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['initial injury']

answer: @entity121 :: (MESH:D009135,Disease) :: ['muscle damage']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess intermittent treatment over 12 months in @entity1 with symptomatic @entity354 . DESIGN: Randomised, multicentre, double blind, controlled study. @entity1 with heartburn and normal endoscopy results or mild erosive changes received @entity4546 10 mg or 20 mg daily or @entity5616 150 mg twice daily for 2 weeks. @entity1 remaining symptomatic had @entity4546 10 mg or @entity5616 dose doubled for another 2 weeks while @entity4546 20 mg was continued for 2 weeks. @entity1 who were symptomatic or mildly symptomatic were followed up for 12 months. Recurrences of moderate or severe heartburn during follow up were treated with the dose which was successful for initial symptom control. SETTING: Hospitals and primary care practices between 1994 and 1996. SUBJECTS: 677 @entity1 with @entity354 . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Total time off active treatment, time to failure of intermittent treatment, and outcomes ranked from best to worst. RESULTS: 704 @entity1 were randomised, 677 were eligible for analyses; 318 reached the end of the study with intermittent treatment without recourse to maintenance antisecretory drugs. The median number of days off active treatment during follow up was 142 for the entire study (281 for the 526 @entity1 who reached a treatment related end point). Thus, about half the @entity1 did not require treatment for at least 6 months, and this was similar in all three treatment groups. According to outcome, 378 (72%) @entity1 were in the best outcome ranks (no relapse or one (or more) relapse but in remission until 12 months); 630 (93%) had three or fewer relapses in the intermittent treatment phase. @entity4546 20 mg provided faster relief of heartburn. The results were similar in @entity1 with @entity2681 . CONCLUSIONS: Intermittent treatment is effective in managing symptoms of heartburn in half of @entity1 with uncomplicated @entity354 . It is simple and applicable in general practice, where most @entity1 are seen.

title: Symptomatic @entity354 : double blind controlled study of intermittent treatment with XXXX or @entity5616 . The European Study Group.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2681 :: ('MESH:D014077', 'Disease') :: ['erosive and non-erosive disease']

entities_list: @entity354 :: ('MESH:D005764', 'Disease') :: ['gastro-oesophageal reflux disease']

entities_list: @entity5616 :: ('MESH:D011899', 'Chemical') :: ['ranitidine']

entities_list: @entity4546 :: ('MESH:D009853', 'Chemical') :: ['omeprazole', 'Omeprazole']

answer: @entity4546 :: (MESH:D009853,Chemical) :: ['omeprazole']


abstract: Large animal models are valuable tools in biological and medical lung research. Despite the existence of established large animal models, the scientific progress requires more detailed description and expansion of established methods. Previously, we established an ovine model of @entity647 and subsequent bacterial instillation into the lungs. The current study was designed to assess the time course of early lung histopathological alterations in a large animal model. Injury was induced by @entity9927 and instillation of live @entity796 into the lungs. After 4, 8, 12, 18, and 24 hours, respectively, lung tissue was harvested and histopathological changes were evaluated (n = 4 each). Additional four @entity742 received no injury and only lung tissue was taken. In injured animals, @entity2488 score increased over time and was significantly elevated from 12 to 24 hours (P < .05 versus no injury). @entity32 score was significantly increased at 12 and 18 hours (P < .05 versus no injury). @entity548 score was increased at 8 and 12 hours (P < .05 versus no injury). @entity4 score was significantly higher in injured @entity742 at 8, 18, and 24 hours (P < .05 each versus no injury). In conclusion, @entity2488 and @entity4 scores significantly increased over time and reached a plateau, while both @entity32 and @entity548 scores were transiently increased peaking around the 12-hour time point. This information improves the understanding of lung histopathological alterations following @entity647 and @entity358 and may help optimizing the timing of study interventions and evaluation time points in future experiments with this model.

title: Time course of early histopathological lung changes in an ovine model of @entity647 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['Inflammation', 'inflammation']

entities_list: @entity796 :: ('287', 'Species') :: ['Pseudomonas aeruginosa']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage', 'Hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity2488 :: ('MESH:D001982', 'Disease') :: ['bronchial obstruction']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['Alveolar edema', 'alveolar edema']

entities_list: @entity9927 :: ('MESH:D015208', 'Disease') :: ['smoke inhalation']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary infection']

entities_list: @entity647 :: ('MESH:D055371', 'Disease') :: ['acute lung injury']

answer: @entity358 :: (MESH:D008171,Disease) :: ['pulmonary infection']


abstract: CONTEXT: Epidemiological studies reported an inverse or U-shaped relationship between sleep duration and weight. The relationship between sleep and resting energy expenditure (REE) has not been well characterized. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between sleep, REE, and stress hormones. DESIGN AND SETTING: We conducted a cross-sectional evaluation of a prospective cohort study at a tertiary referral research clinical center. SUBJECTS: Subjects included 126 @entity28 individuals (30 males, 96 females; age, 40.5    6.9 yr; body mass index, 38.6    6.5 kg/m(2); sleep duration, 360    50 min/night; and sleep efficiency, 79.5    7.5%). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): REE and respiratory quotient (RQ) were assessed by indirect calorimetry. Sleep duration and sleep efficiency were assessed by actigraphy. Sleep quality was estimated by questionnaires, and sleep @entity386 was evaluated by @entity1576 ( @entity1576 ). Morning plasma ACTH, serum @entity701 , and 24-h urinary free @entity701 and @entity2661 were also measured. RESULTS: @entity1576 was positively correlated with REE adjusted by fat-free mass (r = 0.307; P = 0.003) and RQ (r = 0.377; P < 0.001). Sleep efficiency was inversely correlated with RQ (r = -0.200; P = 0.033). The relationship of @entity1576 score and REE was stronger in @entity1 than @entity1 (P = 0.03). In women, serum @entity701 was positively correlated (r = 0.407; P < 0.001), and @entity25 score tended to be inversely (r = -0.190; P = 0.086) correlated with adjusted REE. The RQ was positively related to @entity1576 in @entity1 , whereas subjective sleep time was related to RQ in @entity1 . In a multiple regression model, @entity1576 , serum @entity701 , and urinary @entity1063 were directly related to REE, whereas serum @entity701 also directly related to adjusted REE. CONCLUSION: Poor sleep quality was associated with increased REE, a higher RQ indicating a shift from fat toward @entity1735 oxidation, and activation of the stress system.

title: Poor sleep quality and sleep @entity386 are associated with higher resting energy expenditure in @entity28 individuals with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['RDI', 'respiratory disturbance index']

entities_list: @entity2661 :: ('MESH:D002395', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamines']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['norepinephrine']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['Epworth sleepiness']

answer: @entity25 :: (MESH:D012893,Disease) :: ['short sleep duration']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Chiari I decompression ( @entity38412 ) is a common pediatric neurosurgical procedure. Inpatient @entity38412 postoperative care is often notable for @entity158 and poor activity. Initiation of rehabilitation therapies, including physical, occupational, massage, and recreational, may impact recovery, but published evidence is scant. METHODS: An electronic medical record query by Current Procedural Terminology code identified all @entity1 who underwent @entity38412 at our pediatric tertiary-care hospital from January 1, 2012 through February 20, 2016. Chiari II, redo @entity38412 , and unrelated foramen magnum decompression operations were excluded. Demographic, financial, surgical, therapy, and outcome data were analyzed. RESULTS: The study population included 59 @entity1 with a mean age of 11 years (range 1-18) and sex distribution of 56% male. Sixty-one percent (36/59) had private insurance and 39% (23/59) had public insurance. @entity38412 was intradural in 75% (44/59) and extradural in 25% (15/59). Seventy-three percent of @entity1 (43/59) received at least 1 form of rehabilitation therapy. Public insurance was associated with a higher reoperation and readmission rate than private insurance. Intradural surgery was associated with a greater LOS, reoperation rate, and readmission rate than extradural surgery. Having received any rehabilitation therapy was associated with an increased LOS compared with no therapy, even when stratified for intradural vs extradural surgery, but a lower readmission rate. An association of therapy with reoperation rate was less distinct. CONCLUSION: In our population, rehabilitation therapy was associated with an increased inpatient LOS but a lower readmission rate. It is possible that the initiation of therapy was a marker for a more symptomatic @entity1 who would require more time to recover. It is also possible that the lower readmission rate related to an increased discharge readiness among the therapy group. Further investigation is ongoing.

title: 351   Do Rehabilitation Therapies Affect XXXX Outcomes After Chiari I Decompression Surgery?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['child', 'patients']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patient']


abstract: Accelerated growth in early infancy has been associated with later cardiovascular and @entity209 . We investigated the influence of @entity4084 during neonatal periods on the development of renal pathophysiological changes in adult offspring @entity35 . Three or 10 male pups per mother were assigned to either the small litter (SL) or normal litter (NL) control groups during the first 21 days of life. The effects of early postnatal @entity4084 on body weight, blood pressure and renal changes were determined at 3 and 6 months. Pups in the SL group weighed more than controls between 7 days and 6 months of age (P<.05). In the SL group, serum @entity1011 levels were higher at 3 and 6 months (P<.05), and at 6 months, blood pressure levels were higher than those of the controls (P<.05). The number of ED-1 positive macrophages in renal cortex and @entity631 index increased in the SL group at 3 and 6 months (P<.05). Additionally, cortical apoptotic cells increased in the SL group at 6 months (P<.05). Immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry showed that @entity6929 protein expressions decreased and tissue inhibitor of @entity17533 , @entity5 @entity39 factor-a, osteopontin and adiponectin expressions increased in the SL group at 3 months (P<.05). However, at 6 months, @entity6929 expression was elevated, and osteopontin expression remained elevated in the SL group (P<.05). Early postnatal overfeeding can lead to lasting overweight, @entity101 and @entity8 and place a greater burden on the kidney.

title: Overweight, @entity101 and XXXX in adulthood of neonatally overfed @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity6929 :: ('81687(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['MMP-9', 'matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic diseases']

entities_list: @entity631 :: ('MESH:D005921', 'Disease') :: ['glomerulosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity4084 :: ('MESH:D044343', 'Disease') :: ['overnutrition']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['renal dysfunction']


abstract: @entity2 is the leading cause of @entity5 deaths worldwide. Clinical staging classification is generally insufficient to provide a reliable prognosis, particularly for early stages. In addition, prognostic factors are therefore needed to better forecast life expectancy and optimize adjuvant therapeutic strategy. Recent evidence indicates that alterations of the DNA replication program contribute to @entity5 from its early stages and that @entity5 cells are frequently exposed to endogenous replication stress. We therefore hypothesized that genes involved in the replication stress response may represent an under-explored source of biomarkers. Expressions of 77 DNA replication-associated genes implicated in different aspects of chromosomal DNA replication, including licensing, firing of origins, elongation, replication fork maintenance and recovery, lesion bypass and post-replicative repair were determined in primary @entity5 and adjacent normal tissues from 93 @entity1 suffering from early- or mid-stage @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ). We then investigated a statistically significant interaction between gene expressions and survival of early-stage @entity1149 @entity1 .The expression of five genes, that is, @entity40112 , @entity9370 , @entity6545 , @entity40113 and @entity22733 was associated with overall, disease-free and relapse-free survival. The expression levels are independent of treatment and stage classification. Except @entity6545 , their prognostic role on survival persists after adjustment on age, sex, treatment, stage classification and conventional proliferation markers, with a hazard ratio of 36.3 for @entity40112 (95%CI 2.6-517.4, P=0.008), 23.5 for @entity9370 (95%CI 1.9-288.4, P=0.01), 20.7 for @entity40113 (95%CI 1.5-275.9, P=0.02) and 18.5 for @entity22733 (95%CI 1.3-267.4, P=0.03). We also show that a five-gene signature including @entity40112 , @entity9370 , @entity6545 , @entity40113 and @entity22733 separates @entity1 into low- and high-risk groups, with a hazard ratio of 14.3 (95% CI 5.1-40.3, P<0.001). This 'replication stress' metamarker may be a reliable predictor of survival for @entity1149 , and may also help understand the molecular mechanisms underlying @entity5 progression.

title: DNA replication stress response involving @entity9370 , @entity22733 , @entity40112 , @entity6545 and @entity40113 upregulation prognoses the outcome of early/mid-stage XXXX @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'neoplasia', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['Lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that @entity79 ( @entity79 ), a possible surrogate of lifetime exposure to hormone/growth factor/ @entity560 / @entity460 exposure, is higher in @entity263 cases than controls. METHODS: Hip @entity79 was measured by dual X-ray absorptiometry in 222 Afro-Caribbean screening-detected @entity263 cases and 1,503 screened non-cases, aged 45-79, in the population-based Tobago Prostate Survey. Because possible skeletal metastases may modulate @entity79 , @entity1 with @entity1486 >20 ng/ml or highly undifferentiated @entity5 (Gleason score > or = 8) were excluded. Mean @entity79 , adjusted for age and body mass index, was compared in cases and non-cases by analysis of variance. Risk across age group-specific @entity79 quartiles was compared using logistic regression. RESULTS: Overall, adjusted mean hip @entity79 was higher in cases (1.157 g/cm2) than non-cases (1.134 g/cm2) (p = 0.02). In @entity1 aged 60-79, @entity263 risk was two-fold higher (OR, 2.12; 95% CI: 1.21-3.71) in the highest @entity79 quartile compared to the lowest. There was no association in younger @entity1 (interaction, p = 0.055). CONCLUSIONS: High bone density is associated with @entity263 among older @entity1 , consistent with an etiological role for lifetime exposure to factors which modulate bone density. However, other etiologies may dominate @entity263 risk among younger @entity1 .

title: High bone density is associated with XXXX in older Afro-Caribbean @entity1 : Tobago prostate survey.

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone mineral density', 'BMD']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity1486 :: ('354', 'Gene') :: ['prostate specific antigen']

entities_list: @entity560 :: ('MESH:D014807', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin D']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate cancer']


abstract: The aim of this study was to calculate the positive predictive value ( @entity2286 ) and negative predictive value (NPV) to determine whether @entity876 codon 72 can be used as a @entity150 management index. Ninety-six @entity1 diagnosed with @entity5 and two control groups of 427 randomly sampled community @entity1 and 142 non-cancerous individuals without a prior history of @entity5 were enrolled. After preliminary analysis, the convergent validity resulted in 96 @entity1 from this study and 129 @entity1 from our previous study. Results showed that these two groups were of the same population, and could be merged into one case group. Logistic regression showed that the Pro/Pro genotype was not statistically significantly associated with @entity150 incidence using each sample set after adjustment by age and gender. Moreover, the Pro/Pro genotype was not associated with high-grade @entity5 (P=0.078), but was highly correlated to muscle-invasive @entity5 (P=0.002). Pro/Pro genotype carriers were estimated to have a 3.36-fold higher risk to develop invasive @entity5 compared to non-carriers. The NPV of the Pro/Pro genotype for invasive @entity5 was 88.00%, and the @entity2286 was 31.91%. By Cox regression analysis, high-grade @entity5 were associated with recurrence (P=0.020, OR=1.83), whereas invasive @entity5 were associated with @entity5 (P<0.001, OR=2.87). @entity876 codon 72 polymorphism is associated with @entity150 progression rather than incidence and prognosis. The Pro/Pro genotype in @entity876 codon 72 polymorphism shows a high NPV for @entity150 progression, thus, it can be used clinically as a progression index in @entity150 management.

title: @entity876 codon 72 polymorphism as a progression index for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer-related death', 'bladed cancer', 'cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder cancer']

answer: @entity150 :: (MESH:D001749,Disease) :: ['bladder cancer']


abstract: @entity2247 is not usually detectable in normal tissues but is induced in @entity32 and @entity105 . The level of @entity2247 is elevated in @entity5 tissues of the colon, bladder, and skin. In the esophagus, @entity957 and @entity420 are known to express @entity2247 . The purpose of this study was to clarify the association of @entity2247 expression with clinicopathological factors of @entity957 . The immunohistochemical expression of @entity2247 was examined in 48 surgical specimens of @entity1721 . Although @entity2247 over-expression was more frequently observed in @entity5 invading the submucosa (T1b, 76.4%), muscularis propria (T2, 57.1%), adventitia, or adjacent organs (T3 approximately 4, 83.3%), even 33.3% of @entity1697 , such as T1a, showed @entity2247 over-expression. @entity2247 over-expression was present in 82.3% of lymph node-negative @entity1 but in only 54.8% of lymph node positive @entity1 . There was no difference in @entity2247 over-expression between the earlier stages (0 and I, 60%) and more advanced stages (II approximately IV, 69.6%). @entity2247 over-expression did not correlate with survival during 3 years of follow-up. These findings suggest that @entity2247 is associated with the phenotype of the @entity1721 cells, including superficial @entity5 cells, and may be related to @entity5 growth in @entity1721 .

title: Cyclo-oxygenase-2 over-expression is associated with XXXX @entity1721 .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1697 :: ('MESH:D009062', 'Disease') :: ['mucosal cancers']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1721 :: ('MESH:C562729', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity105 :: ('MESH:D063646', 'Disease') :: ['carcinogenesis']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) induces clinical and @entity33 ( @entity33 ) in @entity30 ( @entity1050 ), with @entity33 the best determinant of future outcome. We investigated efficacy of EEN for inducing early clinical, biochemical, mucosal and transmural remission of @entity1050 and related early endoscopic response to outcomes at 1  year. METHODS: In a prospective, open label study 34 @entity1 (mean 13.1  years; 21 males) with new diagnosis @entity1050 were offered EEN, 26 completed a minimum 6  weeks EEN and underwent paired clinical, biochemical and endoscopic assessment at start and completion using PCDAI, BMI, CRP and Simple Endoscopic Score for @entity1050 (SES- @entity1050 ). A subset, 16/26, had paired MR enterography scored. Early good endoscopic response (complete @entity33 , or near complete, SES- @entity1050 0-3) was related to outcome at 1  year. RESULTS: EEN improved mean PCDAI (37.88-7.01, p  <  0.001; BMI Z scores (-1.54 to -0.54, p  <  0.01); weight Z score (-0.79 to -0.08, p  <  0.03); CRP (44.86-5.5, p  <  0.001); endoscopy (SES- @entity1050 14.28-3.88, p  <  0.001) and MRE (5.14-2.79, p  =  0.01). Of 26 @entity1 , 22 (84  %) achieved clinical remission; 20 (76  %) biochemical remission. Fifteen (58  %) had early good endoscopic response (11 complete, 4 near complete @entity33 ) and 3/14 (21  %) had complete transmural remission of ileal @entity1050 ( @entity1050 ). Early good endoscopic response was associated with reduced endoscopic confirmed relapse (53 vs. 100  %, p  =  0.02), anti-TNF use (33 vs. 88  %, p  =  0.01) and hospitalisation (40 vs. 88  %) at 1  year. CONCLUSIONS: EEN is effective for inducing early clinical, biochemical, mucosal and transmural remission. Early endoscopic remission improves outcomes at 1  year.

title: Exclusive enteral nutrition induces early clinical, mucosal and transmural remission in paediatric XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['mucosal healing', 'MH']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ["Crohn's disease"]

answer: @entity30 :: (MESH:D003424,Disease) :: ['Crohn's disease']


abstract: We have shown previously (W. L  scher et al., @entity5 Lett., 71: 75-81, 1993; M. Mevissen et al., Carcinogenesis (Lond.), 17: 903-910, 1996) that 50-Hz magnetic fields (MFs) of low [50 or 100 microTesla (T)] flux density enhance mammary gland @entity5 development and growth in the @entity3653 ( @entity106 ) model of @entity0 in female @entity35 . In these previous experiments, groups of @entity35 were given 20 mg of @entity106 (four weekly gavage doses of 5 mg each) and were MF- or sham-exposed for 13 weeks. The objective of the present study was to examine whether the use of a lower dose of @entity106 (10 instead of 20 mg per @entity35 ), MF exposure of the @entity35 before @entity106 injection, and the increase of the MF exposure period after @entity106 application to 26 weeks enhance the effect of MF on @entity5 development and growth. A group 99 @entity35 was exposed to a homogeneous, horizontally polarized 100-microT MF of 50-Hz for 24 h/day for 7 days/week; another group of 99 @entity35 was sham-exposed under the same environmental conditions as the MF-exposed @entity35 . The exposure chambers were identical for MF-exposed and sham-exposed animals. The age of the @entity35 was 45-49 days at the onset of exposure; duration of MF or sham exposure was 27 weeks. @entity106 was administered p.o. at a dose of 10 mg/ @entity35 after 1 week of MF or sham exposure. The animals were palpated once weekly from week 6 onwards to assess the development of @entity5 . At the end of the exposure period, the animals were killed for the determination of number and volume and histological verification of @entity5 . All of the recordings were done in a blinded fashion; i.e., the investigators were not aware which animals were MF- or sham-exposed. @entity5 development and growth was significantly enhanced by MF exposure, the most marked effect on @entity5 incidence (190% above sham control) being observed 13 weeks after @entity106 administration. At the time of necropsy, i.e., 26 weeks after @entity106 administration, the incidence of histologically verified @entity5 was 50.5% in controls and 64.7% in MF-exposed @entity35 , the difference being statistically significant. More marked intergroup differences were recorded when @entity5 incidence was separately evaluated for each of the six mammary complexes, the most pronounced MF effect on @entity5 incidence being seen in the cranial thoracic complex. The data substantiate that, at least under the experimental conditions used in our laboratory, 50-Hz, 100-microT MF exposure significantly facilitates the development and growth of @entity5 in the @entity106 @entity35 model of @entity0 .

title: Exposure of @entity35 to a 50-Hertz, 100-microTesla magnetic field for 27 weeks facilitates mammary tumorigenesis in the XXXX model of @entity0 .

entities_list: @entity3653 :: ('CHEBI:254496', 'Chemical') :: ['7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Mammary tumor', 'mammary tumors', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['rat', 'Sprague Dawley rats', 'rats']

answer: @entity3653 :: (CHEBI:254496,Chemical) :: ['7,12-dimethylbenz[a]-anthracene']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The prescribing of oral chemotherapy agents previously available only in the intravenous formulation, such as @entity416 , has afforded many benefits including reduced administration costs and improved @entity1 acceptability. However, it has introduced the new challenge of ensuring @entity1 adherence to therapy. It is therefore necessary to quantify adherence, and with a view to improving services, explore factors that may impact on medication taking behavior. METHODS: @entity1 with a diagnosis of @entity0 and prescribed @entity416 were recruited from a UK teaching hospital. Data regarding self-reported adherence, beliefs about medicines, side effects, and satisfaction with information received about @entity416 were recorded. RESULTS: Non-adherence was reported by 23.3% of the 43 @entity1 . @entity416 therapy was perceived necessary by 97.6%, but almost one-third of @entity1 had strong concerns. Side effects were reported by 80% of @entity1 , with @entity5515 and fatigue most troubling @entity1 . Complete satisfaction with information received was reported by 65% of @entity1 ; however, dissatisfaction about how to tell if @entity416 is working and the proposed duration of therapy was expressed by 42.9% and 37.3% of @entity1 , respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Adherence to @entity416 is high with a strong conviction that the therapy is necessary. However, concerns were expressed regarding the experience of side effects. @entity1 have unmet information needs regarding the processes involved with monitoring @entity416 efficacy and determination of therapy duration. Healthcare professionals may therefore wish to consider a greater focus on involving @entity1 in the monitoring of their care with respect to efficacy and planned treatment schedules.

title: XXXX non-adherence: exploration of magnitude, nature and contributing factors.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast or colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity416 :: ('MESH:C110904', 'Chemical') :: ['capecitabine', 'Capecitabine']

entities_list: @entity5515 :: ('MESH:D017499', 'Disease') :: ['Palmar-Plantar erythrodysesthesia']

answer: @entity416 :: (MESH:C110904,Chemical) :: ['Capecitabine']