abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical features and the risk factors of recurrence in @entity5770 . DESIGN: Retrospective, observational case series. METHODS: The clinical records of 20 @entity5770 @entity1 who underwent @entity5770 surgery were reviewed retrospectively. @entity1 were divided into 2 groups according to the amount of exodeviation present at 1 year after surgery. Preoperative @entity1 characteristics and postoperative alignments were evaluated at 1 day and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery. RESULTS: The successful group was composed of 12 @entity1 with an alignment of less than 10 prism diopters (PD) of exodeviation, and the recurrent group was composed of 8 @entity1 with an alignment of 10 PD or more of exodeviation (range, 10 to 18 PD) at 1 year after surgery. The incidences of @entity4785 , @entity2182 , and rates of constancy before operation were not significantly different in the 2 groups (P = .603, P = .158, and P = .347, respectively), and postoperative deviations were not significantly different at 1 day after surgery. However, postoperative deviations were significantly different in the 2 groups at 1 month (P = .069) and 3 months (P < .001) after surgery, and this difference was maintained at 12 months after surgery. Furthermore, correlation between initial alignments at 1 month after surgery and final alignments was significant in successful group (P = .012). CONCLUSIONS: No single factor affecting the surgical outcome was identified in @entity5770 , but the recurrence of @entity5770 was apparent from the first postoperative month.

title: Clinical features and the risk factors of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4785 :: ('MESH:D004213', 'Disease') :: ['dissociated vertical deviation']

entities_list: @entity5770 :: ('MESH:D005099', 'Disease') :: ['infantile exotropia', 'exotropia']

entities_list: @entity2182 :: ('MESH:D053201', 'Disease') :: ['inferior oblique overaction']

answer: @entity5770 :: (MESH:D005099,Disease) :: ['infantile exotropia recurrence']


abstract: @entity3009 synthesis inhibition antagonizes the chloruretic effect of @entity1483 . To identify the site of this interaction, cortical micropuncture was performed in @entity1483 -treated @entity35 during @entity5728 or @entity3352 infusion. Control @entity35 received the vehicle for @entity3009 synthesis inhibition. The fractional excretion of @entity2865 decreased from 10.6 +/- 1.0% in control @entity35 to 6.5 +/- 0.93% in @entity3352 -treated @entity35 (P less than 0.01) and to 5.7 +/- 0.7% in @entity5728 -treated @entity35 (P less than 0.001). Mean arterial pressure, inulin clearance, renal blood flow, and single nephron glomerular filtration rate were not different among the groups. @entity2865 delivery out of the late proximal tubule was also not different among the groups. Early distal tubule @entity2865 delivery was greater (P less than 0.001) in control @entity35 than in either @entity3009 -inhibited group. Late distal @entity2865 delivery was also greater in control @entity35 . Calculated loop segment @entity2865 uptake was 9 +/- 2% in @entity1483 -treated control @entity35 but 18 +/- 2% in both @entity3352 - and @entity5728 -treated @entity35 (P less than 0.05). Distal tubule @entity2865 uptake was greater in control than in @entity3009 -inhibited @entity35 . Thus, the attenuated chloruretic response to @entity1483 observed in @entity3352 - or @entity5728 -treated animals may in part result from increased @entity2865 uptake in the loop segment of superficial nephrons.

title: @entity3009 inhibitors alter loop segment XXXX uptake during @entity1483 diuresis.

entities_list: @entity5728 :: ('MESH:D008469', 'Chemical') :: ['meclofenamate']

entities_list: @entity1483 :: ('MESH:D005665', 'Chemical') :: ['furosemide']

entities_list: @entity3009 :: ('CHEBI:26333', 'Chemical') :: ['Prostaglandin', 'prostaglandin']

entities_list: @entity2865 :: ('CHEBI:17996', 'Chemical') :: ['Chloride', 'chloride']

entities_list: @entity3352 :: ('MESH:D007213', 'Chemical') :: ['indomethacin']

answer: @entity2865 :: (CHEBI:17996,Chemical) :: ['chloride']


abstract: Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the effect of @entity4932 ( @entity4932 ), its subtypes and disease activity on anthropometric measurements, body composition, and nutritional parameters. Method: A cross-sectional cohort of 40 @entity4932 @entity1 , aged 3-10 years, was compared with 40 healthy @entity1 matched for age and gender. Concentrations of nutritional and inflammatory biomarkers in the blood, anthropometric measures, and clinical status were recorded and the parents filled in a 7-day food diary and completed the @entity283 ( @entity283 ). Results: The @entity4932 @entity1 had low disease activity: 60% had inactive disease, the median @entity283 score was 0.125, and the median erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) was 6 mm/h. Significantly higher values for central and peripheral adiposity were found in @entity4932 @entity1 compared with in healthy controls [waist circumference mean (SD) 55.9 (4.9) vs. 53.4 (3.7) cm, p < 0.0001, and biceps skinfold thickness 6.2 (2.3) vs. 5.3 (1.7) cm, p = 0.035, respectively], and @entity28 /overweight was more common (30% vs. 12.5%, p = 0.056, respectively) despite no differences in weight-for-height. The intake of energy (kcal/day) was significantly higher in the @entity4932 @entity1 (p = 0.036). The nutritional biomarkers were comparable in both groups. The @entity4932 subtype and disease activity did not affect body composition, energy intake, or the nutritional biomarkers. Conclusions: Even @entity4932 @entity1 with low disease activity have a higher central and peripheral adiposity and a higher energy intake than their healthy peers. Neither disease subtype nor disease activity had any association with changes in body composition.

title: Juvenile idiopathic arthritis XXXX with low inflammatory activity have increased adiposity.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity283 :: ('OMIM:603663', 'Disease') :: ['Childhood Health Assessment Questionnaire', 'CHAQ']

entities_list: @entity4932 :: ('MESH:D001171', 'Disease') :: ['JIA', 'juvenile idiopathic arthritis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We determined whether @entity934 ( @entity3451 ) application to the pulmonary vein (PV) wall could induce AF and clarified its mechanisms, and determined whether circumferential PV radiofrequency ablation (CPVA) could prevent @entity3451 -induced AF in @entity235 hearts. METHODS: Thirty seven @entity235 were used for the study. @entity3451 was injected into the subadventitial layer of the left superior PV (LSPV), at different distance from the LSPV-left atrium junction (LSPV-LA-J) to locate AF initiation. When AF was not induced by @entity3451 alone, programmed electrical stimulation (S1-S2 method) was added to elicit AF. @entity3897 was injected at the same site of @entity3451 injection to determine whether @entity11039 -receptor blockade suppressed AF, and CPVA at the LSPV-LA-J was performed using a newly devised basket electrode-catheter. RESULTS: AF was reproducibly induced by @entity3451 injection in 19 of the 26 @entity235 (73%). S1-S2 method after @entity3451 initiated AF in 5 of the remaining 7 @entity235 . @entity3451 into the subadventitial layer of the LSPV, especially the distal portion, could elicit AF, which was preceded by pause ( @entity16507 ) >=  2.0 sec (37%) (pause-AF group), sinus @entity1168 (32%) (brady-AF group) and @entity7129 (32%) (tachy-AF group). The time from @entity3451 injection to AF initiation and AF duration were not significantly different between pause-AF, brady-AF and tachy-AF groups. AF was not initiated by injecting @entity3451 after @entity3897 pretreatment. To eliminate AF, 1-6 (average 4.1        1.2) CPVAs at the LSPV-LA-J were required. CONCLUSIONS: Our observations suggest that local @entity3451 application can initiate AF in PVs, preceded by a variety of modes such as pause, @entity1168 or @entity591 , and an increase in vagal tone at the LSPV plays a critical role in eliciting AF in structurally normal heart.

title: Atrial fibrillation induced by applying @entity934 to subadventitial layer of pulmonary vein in normal XXXX heart.

entities_list: @entity235 :: ('9615', 'Species') :: ['canine', 'beagle dogs', 'dogs']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity11039 :: ('MESH:D009116', 'Chemical') :: ['muscarine']

entities_list: @entity16507 :: ('MESH:D054138', 'Disease') :: ['sinus arrest']

entities_list: @entity3897 :: ('MESH:D001285', 'Chemical') :: ['Atropine', 'atropine']

entities_list: @entity7129 :: ('MESH:D013616', 'Disease') :: ['sinus tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity1168 :: ('MESH:D001919', 'Disease') :: ['bradycardia']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['canine']


abstract: To evaluate the hemostatic effects of @entity22158 and rFVIIa, an ex-vivo study in @entity447 @entity1 used the Hemodyne Hemostasis Analysis System (HAS) to measure platelet contractile force (PCF), @entity4461 ( @entity4461 ), and force onset time (FOT), and the Haemoscope Thrombelastograph (TEG) to measure reaction time (R), kinetics time (K), and maximum amplitude (MA). Blood samples from 10 healthy volunteers and 10 Factor VIII-deficient @entity1 of varying severity (mild, moderate, severe), were spiked with rFVIIa and @entity22158 (both 0.64 and 1.28 microg/ml, respectively) and analyzed to characterize platelet function and clot kinetics. There was wide variability in the rFVIIa response. @entity22158 had greater and more consistent effects on PCF, @entity4461 , FOT, R, and K relative to rFVIIa, in all @entity447 groups. The lowest @entity22158 concentration (0.64 microg/ml) shortened R and FOT, and increased @entity4461 and PCF more than rFVIIa 1.28 microg/ml. @entity22158 normalized clotting parameters equivalent to values obtained in healthy volunteers. FOT and R were highly correlated (r = 0.96). No correlation was observed between @entity4461 and MA. @entity22158 produced less variable, more pronounced and predictable ex-vivo hemostatic effects on PCF, @entity4461 , FOT, R and K than rFVIIa in all @entity447 groups. HAS and TEG assays provided similar estimates of FOT and R, however @entity4461 appeared to be more sensitive than MA to changes in clot firmness.

title: Factor VIIa analog has marked effects on platelet function and clot kinetics in blood from @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4461 :: ('MESH:D020141', 'Disease') :: ['CEM', 'clot elastic modulus']

entities_list: @entity447 :: ('MESH:D006467', 'Disease') :: ['hemophilia']

answer: @entity447 :: (MESH:D006467,Disease) :: ['hemophilia A']


abstract: We reported inhibition of growth of primary @entity35 @entity189 after infusions of @entity5 -bearer plasma absorbed with Protein A-Sepharose or inactivated CNBr Sepharose. Absorbed plasmas were depleted of the third component of complement (C3) (other complement components defined similarly) and C5 but not C1, C4, or C2. These results suggested that activation of the alternative pathway of complement might be involved in the observed antitumor effects. To test this concept sera were treated with @entity1098 or @entity4526 before absorption with Protein A-Sepharose. @entity1098 , by chelating @entity460 and @entity1760 , prevents activation of both the alternative and classical complement pathways. @entity4526 , by chelating @entity460 but not @entity1760 , permits activation of the alternative pathway but inhibits activation of the classical complement pathway. Sera in the presence or absence of chelating agent were absorbed with Protein A-Sepharose twice at room temperature. After absorption @entity460 was added to the sera. @entity35 were treated by i.v. injection of sera twice a week for 2 weeks. Measurements of @entity5 size were made weekly for 5-7 weeks and then @entity5 weight was determined. Groups were compared both for size of index and total @entity5 . The results can be summarized as follows: @entity5 -bearer sera before absorption did not inhibit the growth of @entity35 primary @entity189 ; @entity5 -bearer sera after absorption with Protein A-Sepharose showed significant consumption of C3 and did inhibit @entity5 growth; @entity5 -bearer sera absorbed in the presence of @entity1098 did not show a decrease in C3 functional activity and did not inhibit @entity5 growth; @entity5 -bearer sera absorbed in the presence of @entity4526 did show a decrease in C3 functional activity and did inhibit @entity5 growth; sera from normal adult female @entity35 after absorption with Protein A-Sepharose did inhibit @entity5 growth. The results are consistent with a role for the alternative pathway of complement in the inhibition of growth of @entity35 primary @entity189 observed after treatment with absorbed sera.

title: Serotherapy of primary @entity35 mammary @entity189 : inhibition by XXXX but not by @entity4526 .

entities_list: @entity4526 :: ('CHEBI:30740', 'Chemical') :: ['[Ethylenebis(oxyethylenenitrilo)]tetraacetic acid', '[ethylenebis(oxyethylenenitrilo)]tetraacetic acid']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['mammary carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity1098 :: ('MESH:D004492', 'Chemical') :: ['Ethylenedinitrilotetraacetic acid', 'ethylenedinitrilotetraacetic acid']

entities_list: @entity1760 :: ('MESH:D008274', 'Chemical') :: ['magnesium']

answer: @entity1098 :: (MESH:D004492,Chemical) :: ['ethylenedinitrilotetraacetic acid']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) is regarded as central mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue that influences systemic mucosal immunity. Our previous study revealed that gut @entity63 and reperfusion (I/R) reduces GALT lymphocyte numbers. Because gut hypoperfusion frequently occurs in @entity130 , shock, and surgery @entity1 , establishment of a therapeutic method to preserve GALT mass after gut I/R may be important for the prevention of @entity281 . We examined the effects of @entity11011 @entity6674 , a selective inhibitor of neutrophil elastase, on GALT mass and plasma cytokine concentrations in a @entity19 gut I/R model. METHODS: Seventy male ICR @entity19 were randomized to the control (n   =   34) or the @entity11011 (n   =   36) group. After intravenous cannulation of the animals, the superior mesenteric artery was occluded for 60   min. After reperfusion, physiologic saline or @entity11011 5   mg/kg hourly was infused for 24   h. Sixteen @entity19 in the control and 22 in the @entity11011 group were alive at 24   h. Twenty-six @entity19 (n   =   13 in each group) were chosen randomly for harvest of the small intestine. Lymphocytes from Peyer patches (PP), the intraepithelial space (IE), and the lamina propria (LP) were counted; and their phenotypes (abT-cell receptor (TCR), y  TCR, @entity1961 , CD8, B cell) were determined by flow cytometry. Cytokine concentrations (interleukin [IL]-6, @entity635 , @entity1618 ) in the plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: @entity11011 treatment did not improve survival but increased PP and IE lymphocyte numbers significantly and reduced the LP CD8(+) cell percentage and plasma @entity777 concentration compared with controls. There were no significant differences between the two groups in other cell phenotypes or cytokine concentrations. CONCLUSION: @entity11011 treatment after gut I/R may be useful for maintaining gut immunity and preventing systemic @entity32 responses.

title: Neutrophil elastase inhibitor restores gut @entity63 reperfusion-induced impairment of gut immunity with reduced plasma @entity777 concentrations in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity6674 :: ('CHEBI:32145', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium hydrate']

entities_list: @entity11011 :: ('MESH:C069195', 'Chemical') :: ['Sivelestat', 'sivelestat']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of the form of dietary fat (extracted or intact fat) and of dietary NDF on ileal and total tract endogenous losses of fat (ELF), on apparent ileal (AID) and apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of fat, and on true ileal (TID) and @entity1625 ( @entity1625 ) of fat in growing @entity1707 . A cornstarch-based basal diet that contained 1.27% fat was prepared and 3 diets were formulated by adding 2.0, 4.0, or 6.0% extracted fat ( @entity4336 oil) to the basal diet at the expense of cornstarch. Three additional diets were formulated by adding 3.1, 6.2, or 9.3% Solka-Floc (International Fiber Corp., North Tonawanda, NY) to the diet containing 4.0% @entity4336 oil at the expense of cornstarch. The remaining 4 diets were prepared by adding whole @entity4336 germ meal to the diet at the expense of defatted @entity4336 germ meal to contain 3.0, 6.0, or 9.0% intact fat. Solka-Floc was also included in this diet at the expense of cornstarch in an attempt to keep NDF constant. Eleven barrows (initial average BW of 38.1 +/- 1.3 kg) were fitted with a T-cannula in the distal ileum, allotted to the 11 diets in an 11 x 11 Latin square design, and fed the diets at 3 times the energy requirement for maintenance. Increasing dietary extracted fat increased (linear and quadratic, P < 0.001) the AID and ATTD of fat. Increasing dietary intact fat also increased (linear and quadratic, P < 0.05) the AID and ATTD of fat. The average apparent digestibility of extracted fat (81.9%) was greater (P < 0.001) than that of intact fat (63.2%). Estimates of ELF were smaller (P < 0.05) for extracted fat than for intact fat at the end of the ileum and over the entire intestinal tract, but the TID (93.8%) and @entity1625 (94.2%) of extracted fat were greater (P < 0.05) than the TID (78.6%) and @entity1625 (84.1%) of intact fat. Increasing dietary extracted fat had no effects on the TID and @entity1625 of fat, but increasing dietary intact fat resulted in a quadratic reduction (P < 0.05) in the @entity1625 of fat. Increasing dietary NDF had a quadratic effect (P < 0.05) on the ATTD of fat but did not influence the AID, TID, and @entity1625 of fat. In conclusion, extracted fat induces a smaller amount of ELF and has a greater apparent and true digestibility than intact fat at the end of the ileum and over the entire intestinal tract. Purified NDF has little influence on apparent and true digestibility of fat.

title: Effect of the form of dietary fat and the concentration of dietary neutral detergent fiber on ileal and total tract endogenous losses and apparent and true digestibility of fat by growing XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1625 :: ('MESH:D004828', 'Disease') :: ['TTTD', 'true total tract digestibility']

answer: @entity1707 :: (9823,Species) :: ['pigs']


abstract: The clearance of @entity8685 from the systemic circulation was studied in 20 subjects which included 15 @entity1 with @entity99 and 5 normal volunteers. The half-life for the appearance of the drug in the systemic circulation was found to increase exponentially with age (r = 0.73, P less than 0.0005) and was independent of the presence of @entity99 . The metabolic clearance of @entity8685 was significantly lower in the @entity1 than in the normal subjects (7.6 compared to 13.8 ml/kg-h, P less than 0.005). Linear regression analysis revealed a significant correlation between clearance and albumin (r = 0.77, P less than 0.00005). However, the predictive value of this relationship was shown to be minimal. Multiple regression analysis produced only a slight improvement in the correlation when both albumin and @entity880 dehydrogenase were used as variables (r = 0.83, P less than 0.00005). In six of the @entity1 , a second clearance study was conducted three weeks following their initial one. All repeat subjects showed improvement both clinically and as reflected by their laboratory tests for @entity99 , but there was not a significant change in their clearance of @entity8685 . Multiple regression analysis of the clearance data on the initial and repeat subjects showed a significant correlation between clearance and the variables age, albumin and @entity880 dehydrogenase (r = 0.91, P less than 0.0025). This relationship suggests that over a short period of time (where age can be considered constant) changes in albumin and @entity880 dehydrogenase could be potentially useful in predicting clearance changes in a single individual.

title: Clinical pharmacokinetics of @entity8685 in XXXX with @entity99 .

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['liver injury', 'alcoholic hepatitis']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity8685 :: ('MESH:D002707', 'Chemical') :: ['chlordiazepoxide']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: The @entity19806 Thorotrast Study was recently reestablished and improved. The cohort has been reidentified and followed up, and now comprises 1003 Thorotrast-exposed @entity1 . For all suspected haematological cases, cytological and histological material has been revised and @entity5 have been reclassified. The numbers of cases of @entity1778 and other related @entity74 were as follows: 16 @entity3052 ( @entity3052 ); 8 @entity2590 ( @entity2590 ); 1 @entity3052 ( @entity3052 ); 3 @entity1860 ( @entity1860 ); 4 @entity1893 ( @entity1893 ); 2 @entity1582 ( @entity1582 ); 2 @entity4018 ( @entity4018 ); 2 @entity1072 ( @entity1072 ). Except for @entity1072 , all cases might be Thorotrast-induced. (Expected number of @entity1778 : < 2.5.) The findings in the German, Japanese, Portuguese and @entity19806 studies are very similar. Some of the characteristic features include a high incidence of @entity3052 with several @entity6007 , many cases of @entity2590 , and a relatively low incidence of @entity1860 . In several studies of @entity1778 induced by alkylating agents, @entity6007 is also described as a prominent feature. The possibility exists that a phase of relative predominance of erythroid elements in the bone marrow may be a common and not an unusual feature in the pathogenesis of these @entity1778 . The findings are also compared with histopathological data from a @entity19806 control group of de novo @entity1778 @entity1 and from atomic bomb survivors with radiation-induced @entity1778 . The relative frequency of @entity3052 is higher among the Thorotrast-exposed @entity1 than among the @entity19806 control group and the @entity1129 . In contrast, low relative frequencies are seen for @entity3052 and @entity1860 in Thorotrast cases in comparison with de novo @entity1778 cases and @entity1129 . It can be concluded that differences in relative and @entity1778 and @entity2590 exist not only between the irradiated populations and the unexposed control group, but even between groups exposed to low-LET (linear energy transfer) and high-LET radiation.

title: Pathoanatomical aspects of malignant @entity74 among @entity19806 XXXX exposed to thorium dioxide.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant diseases']

entities_list: @entity2590 :: ('MESH:D009190', 'Disease') :: ['myelodysplastic syndrome', 'MDS']

entities_list: @entity1072 :: ('MESH:D015451', 'Disease') :: ['CLL', 'chronic lymphatic leukemia']

entities_list: @entity6007 :: ('MESH:D004915', 'Disease') :: ['erythroleukemias', 'erythroleukemia']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['ALL', 'acute myeloid leukemia', 'acute lymphatic leukemia', 'AML']

entities_list: @entity1582 :: ('MESH:D009101', 'Disease') :: ['MM', 'multiple myeloma']

entities_list: @entity1778 :: ('MESH:D007938', 'Disease') :: ['secondary leukemias', 'leukemia', 'leukemias', 'absolute frequency of leukemias']

entities_list: @entity4018 :: ('MESH:D055728', 'Disease') :: ['myelofibrosis', 'MF']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['haematological disorders']

entities_list: @entity1129 :: ('MESH:D001260', 'Disease') :: ['A-bomb survivors']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ["non-Hodgkin's lymphoma", 'NHL']

entities_list: @entity1860 :: ('MESH:D015464', 'Disease') :: ['chronic myeloid leukemia', 'CML']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) permits @entity418 en bloc, but is associated with @entity3332 , particularly when ESD involves the entire circumference of the esophageal lumen. We examined the effectiveness of systemic @entity134 administration for control of postprocedural esophageal stricture after complete circular ESD. METHODS: Seven @entity1 who underwent wholly circumferential ESD for superficially extended @entity1721 were enrolled in this study. In 3 @entity1 , prophylactic @entity384 ( @entity384 ) was started on the third post-ESD day and was performed twice a week for 8 weeks. In 4 @entity1 , oral @entity617 was started with 30 mg daily on the third post-ESD day, tapered gradually (daily 30, 30, 25, 25, 20, 15, 10, 5 mg for 7 days each), and then discontinued at 8 weeks. @entity384 was used as needed whenever @entity1 complained of @entity1282 . RESULTS: En bloc ESD with @entity5 -free margins was safely achieved in all cases. @entity1 in the prophylactic @entity384 group required a mean of 32.7 @entity384 sessions; the postprocedural stricture was dilated up to 18 mm in diameter in these @entity1 . On the other hand, systemic @entity134 administration substantially reduced or eliminated the need for @entity384 . Corticosteroid therapy was not associated with any adverse events. Post-ESD esophageal stricture after complete circular ESD was persistent, requiring multiple @entity384 sessions. CONCLUSIONS: Use of oral @entity617 administration may be an effective treatment strategy for reducing post-ESD esophageal stricture after complete circular ESD.

title: Management of esophageal stricture after complete circular endoscopic submucosal dissection for superficial XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3332 :: ('MESH:D004940', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal stenosis']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['EBD', 'endoscopic balloon dilatation']

entities_list: @entity1721 :: ('MESH:C562729', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity418 :: ('MESH:D004938', 'Disease') :: ['removal of esophageal epithelial neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['dysphagia']

entities_list: @entity617 :: ('MESH:D011239', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisolone']

answer: @entity1721 :: (MESH:C562729,Disease) :: ['esophageal squamous cell carcinoma']


abstract: AIMS: To study the diagnostic value of a new 2D left @entity1184 (2D LVH) score in families with @entity1121 ( @entity1121 ) in comparison with the conventional @entity121 ( @entity121 ) measurement (>13 mm in adults), which is limited by a low sensitivity in relatives. METHODS AND RESULTS: The study was performed in 237 adults from genotyped families with @entity1121 . Population A (derivation sample) comprised 109 adults and population B (validation sample) comprised 128 adults. @entity121 and 2D LVH scores (sum of thicknesses of four segments) were determined by echocardiography. Genotyping was the gold standard for diagnosis. In population A, a theoretical value for LVH score was determined in the healthy population by a multiple linear regression model including age, sex, and body surface area. An abnormal cut-off value was defined as an LVH score above a maximum theoretical value according to receiver operating characteristic analysis. Sensitivity and specificity were, respectively, 73 and 96% for 2D LVH score and 62.5 and 100% for @entity121 . Improvement of sensitivity was particularly important in adults <50 years of age (69 vs. 54%, respectively, P<0.04). These results were validated in population B: sensitivity and specificity of LVH score were, respectively, 75 and 96% in this sample and 67 and 97%, in the subgroup <50 years. In the latter, sensitivity of LVH score increased when compared with that of @entity121 (67 vs. 53%, P<0.03). CONCLUSIONS: The LVH score has a higher diagnostic value for @entity1121 than the conventional criterion of @entity121 , particularly in young adults. This echographic parameter may be proposed as an alternative diagnostic criterion for familial screening.

title: Diagnostic accuracy of a 2D left XXXX score for @entity1121 .

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['ventricle hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity1121 :: ('MESH:D002312', 'Disease') :: ['HCM', 'hypertrophic cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['maximal wall thickness', 'MWT']

answer: @entity1184 :: (MESH:D006984,Disease) :: ['ventricle hypertrophy']


abstract: PURPOSE: To report a rare case of bilateral dome-shaped macula in an emmetropic @entity1 . METHOD: Clinical case report and literature review. RESULTS: A 42-year-old @entity1 presented with a history of blurred @entity227 . Visual acuity was 20/30 in the right eye and 20/20 in the left eye. Intraocular pressure and anterior segment were unremarkable. Fundus examination revealed dull macular reflex and subretinal fluid nasal to the @entity735 and a hyperpigmented area inferotemporal to the fovea in the left eye. Spectral domain optical coherence tomography showed subretinal fluid under the @entity735 and elevation of the macula with increased @entity2194 . Fluorescein angiography revealed abnormal hyperfluorescence without any @entity735 . B-scan ultrasound showed irregular globe contour with high internal reflectivity and dome-shaped lesions at the posterior pole in both eyes. Axial length was 24.6 mm in the right eye and 25.6 mm in the left eye. CONCLUSION: Although most commonly reported in @entity735 , dome-shaped macula can occur in an emmetropic @entity1 and can be associated with subretinal fluid.

title: DOME-SHAPED MACULA WITH THICKENED CHOROID IN AN EMMETROPIC XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity735 :: ('MESH:D005124', 'Disease') :: ['myopic eyes', 'leakage in both eyes', 'fovea in the right eye']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['vision in the right eye']

entities_list: @entity2194 :: ('MESH:D005128', 'Disease') :: ['choroidal thickness in both eyes']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['PATIENT']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare efficiency of conventional and chronic low-dose regimens for treatment of @entity3206 associated with @entity3610 ( @entity3610 ). DESIGN: Fifty @entity1 divided into two equal groups. The first group was treated with urinary @entity1 FSH using a conventional stepwise protocol and the second group was treated with a regimen of chronic low-dose and small incremental rises with urinary @entity1 FSH or with recombinant @entity1 FSH for a maximum of three cycles. SETTING: Tertiary referral university hospital fertility unit. @entity1 : Fifty infertile @entity1 with clomiphene @entity1792 -resistant @entity3206 associated with @entity3610 . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Pattern of follicular development, amount of FSH required, serum E2 concentrations, cycle fecundity, cumulative conception, and live birth rates. @entity2099 and @entity43 ( @entity43 ) rates. RESULTS: Compared with the conventional dose protocol, the chronic low-dose regimen yielded slightly improved pregnancy rates (40% versus 24%) while completely avoiding @entity43 and @entity2099 , which were prevalent (11% and 33%, respectively) with conventional therapy. Monofollicular development was induced in 74% versus 27% of cycles, and the total number of follicles > 16 mm and E2 concentrations were half those observed on conventional therapy. CONCLUSIONS: For @entity1 with @entity3610 , a chronic low-dose regimen of FSH eliminated complications of @entity43 and @entity2099 while maintaining a satisfactory pregnancy rate. This modality, thus, has distinct advantages and could well replace conventional gonadotropin therapy for these @entity1 .

title: A comparative prospective study of conventional regimen with chronic low-dose administration of follicle-stimulating hormone for XXXX associated with @entity3610 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'human', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome', 'OHSS']

entities_list: @entity3610 :: ('MESH:D011085', 'Disease') :: ['polycystic ovary syndrome', 'PCOS']

entities_list: @entity3206 :: ('MESH:D000858', 'Disease') :: ['anovulation']

entities_list: @entity2099 :: ('MESH:D011254', 'Disease') :: ['Multiple pregnancy', 'multiple pregnancies']

answer: @entity3206 :: (MESH:D000858,Disease) :: ['anovulation']


abstract: REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Hyperinsulinaemia is implicated in the pathogenesis of endocrinopathic laminitis. Insulin can bind to different receptors: two insulin receptor isoforms ( @entity6162 -A and @entity6162 -B), @entity6163 ( @entity6163 ) and @entity6162 / @entity6163 hybrid receptor (Hybrid). Currently, mRNA expression of these receptors in @entity1641 tissues and the influence of body type and dietary @entity1735 intake on expression of these receptors is not known. OBJECTIVES: The study objectives were to characterise @entity6162 -A, @entity6162 -B, @entity6163 and Hybrid expression in lamellar tissue (LT) and insulin responsive tissues from @entity1641 and examine the effect of dietary nonstructural @entity1735 (NSC) on mRNA expression of these receptors in LT, skeletal muscle, liver and two @entity1386 ( @entity1386 ) depots of lean and @entity28 ponies. STUDY DESIGN: In vivo experiment. METHODS: Lamellar tissue samples were evaluated by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) for receptor mRNA expression (n  =  8) and immunoblotting for protein expression (n  =  3). Archived LT, skeletal muscle, liver and @entity1386 from lean and @entity28 mixed-breed ponies fed either a low (~7% NSC as @entity62 ; 5 lean, 5 @entity28 ) or high NSC diet (~42% NSC as @entity62 ; 6 lean, 6 @entity28 ) for 7  days were evaluated by RT-qPCR to determine the effect of body condition and diet on expression of the receptors in different tissues. Significance was set at P <=0.05. RESULTS: Lamellar tissue expresses both @entity6162 isoforms, @entity6163 and Hybrid. LT @entity6163 gene expression was greater than either @entity6162 isoform and @entity6162 -A expression was greater than @entity6162 -B (P <=0.05). Obesity significantly lowered @entity6163 , @entity6162 -A and @entity6162 -B mRNA expression in LT and @entity6162 -A in tailhead @entity1386 . High NSC diet lowered expression of all three receptor types in liver; @entity6163 and @entity6162 -A in LT and @entity6162 -A in tailhead @entity1386 . CONCLUSIONS: Lamellar tissue expresses @entity6163 , @entity6162 isoforms and Hybrids. The functional characteristics of these receptors and their role in endocrinopathic laminitis warrants further investigation.

title: XXXX insulin receptor and @entity6163 expression in digital lamellar tissue and insulin target tissues.

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity6163 :: ('100055698(Tax:9796)', 'Gene') :: ['insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor', 'IGF-1R']

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['dry matter']

entities_list: @entity1386 :: ('MESH:D018205', 'Disease') :: ['adipose tissue', 'AT']

answer: @entity1641 :: (9796,Species) :: ['Equine']


abstract: Previous studies have shown that the arousal threshold to @entity519 , @entity2944 , and @entity432 is greatly depressed in @entity1319 ( @entity1319 ) sleep compared with @entity25 ( @entity25 ). The aim of this study was to compare the arousal thresholds in @entity25 and @entity1319 sleep in response to an upper airway pressure stimulus. We compared the waking responses to tracheal (T) vs. nasal (N) occlusion in four unanesthetized, naturally sleeping @entity235 . The @entity235 either breathed through a tracheal fistula or through the snout using a fiberglass mask. A total of 295 T and 160 N occlusion tests were performed in @entity25 and @entity1319 sleep. The mean time to arousal during N and T tests was variable in the same @entity235 and among the @entity235 . The mean time to arousal in @entity25 -tracheal occlusion was longer than that in N tests in only two of the four @entity235 . The total number of tests inducing arousal within the first 15 s of @entity25 -nasal occlusion tests was significantly more than that of T tests (N: 47%; T: 27%). There was a marked @entity308 of arousal within the initial 15 s of @entity1319 sleep in T tests compared with N tests (N: 21%; T: 0%). The frequency of early arousals in @entity1319 tests was less than that of @entity25 for both N and T tests. The early arousal in N occlusion is in sharp contrast to the well-described depressed arousal responses to @entity519 , @entity2944 , and @entity1763 . This pattern of arousal suggests that the upper airway mechanoreceptors may play an important role in the induction of an early arousal from nasal occlusion.

title: Arousal responses to airway occlusion in sleeping XXXX : comparison of nasal and @entity432 .

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity2944 :: ('MESH:D006935', 'Disease') :: ['hypercapnia']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['tracheal occlusions']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['slow-wave sleep', 'SWS']

entities_list: @entity1319 :: ('MESH:D015835', 'Disease') :: ['REM', 'rapid-eye-movement']

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['dogs']


abstract: AIM: This prospective study was undertaken to look at the frequency of hyperglycaemia in pregnant @entity1 who were without health benefits and did not receive prenatal specialist care, and to examine the relationship between fetal complications and the prenatal care received. METHODS: The subjects consisted of 304 pregnant @entity1 , divided into two groups. Group I included 176 @entity1 who had inadequate prenatal care (73 @entity1 with irregular care, and 103 @entity1 without any specialist care.) with a mean of 1.1 visits to a specialist. Group II included 128 @entity1 who had regular prenatal care with a mean of 6.5 consultations per @entity1 . RESULTS: There were no statistical differences between the two groups in relation to maternal age, obstetrical history and gestational weeks. The familial antecedent of @entity6 was found in 30.1% of @entity1 in group I and 19.5% of @entity1 in group II (p < 0.05). Hyperglycaemia was found in 55 (31.2%) @entity1 in group I and 4 (3.1%) @entity1 in group II (p < 0.001) with mean blood @entity413 levels of 163 and 130 mg/dL respectively. Clinical characteristics of newborns show statistically significant @entity853 in 15.9% of babies whose mothers had inadequate prenatal care vs. 3.9% of babies whose mothers had regular prenatal care. The abnormalities seen were @entity9960 , @entity3384 , @entity354 , @entity5767 , @entity4219 and @entity3976 . CONCLUSIONS: The frequency of hyperglycaemia in pregnant @entity1 with inadequate prenatal care was higher than in pregnant @entity1 with regular prenatal care. @entity854 and complications occurred more frequently in babies of mothers with inadequate prenatal care. The benefits of prenatal care are evident and it is important to improve and start instituting new programmes and ways of making health information available to @entity1 in primary care clinics to educate the general population and stress the importance of regular visits to a prenatal care specialist.

title: XXXX screening during active labour for the detection of undiagnosed hyperglycaemia and newborn malformations in a population without prenatal care.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3976 :: ('MESH:D004677', 'Disease') :: ['encephalocele']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity853 :: ('MESH:D009139', 'Disease') :: ['increased abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity5767 :: ('MESH:D017689', 'Disease') :: ['polydactyly']

entities_list: @entity4219 :: ('MESH:D004480', 'Disease') :: ['phocomelia']

entities_list: @entity9960 :: ('MESH:D008591', 'Disease') :: ['myelomeningocele']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['Additionally newborn abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity354 :: ('MESH:D005764', 'Disease') :: ['oesophageal atresia']

entities_list: @entity3384 :: ('MESH:D002971', 'Disease') :: ['cleft lip and palate']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity413 :: (MESH:D005947,Chemical) :: ['Glucose']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: In the contemporary U.S., @entity1 and @entity1 are living longer and healthier lives. As such, many @entity1 spend greater portions of their lives as sexually active individuals. Yet, little is known about the myriad of ways that older adults experience their sexual lives. AIM: This study sought to assess the context and frequency of @entity146 , condom use, sexual pleasure, and sexual experience of @entity1 and @entity1 over age 50. METHODS: Information regarding the sexual experiences of a nationally representative sample of @entity1 and @entity1 over age 50 within the past year was examined. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Sexual behavior over the past year was assessed in relation to several situational and contextual characteristics (e.g., event location, type of partner, health status, condom use). @entity1 were also asked about their experience (i.e., pleasure, arousal, @entity158 , lubrication/erectile difficulties, and orgasm) during their most recent partnered sexual event. Bivariate or ordinal logistic regression models were used to investigate the relationship of age, health and partner status to sexual frequency and experience. RESULTS: Although sizable proportions (20-30%) of both @entity1 and @entity1 remained sexually active well into their 80s age was related to a lower likelihood of solo and most partnered @entity146 . When controlling for age, relationship status, and health remained significant predictors of select @entity146 . The @entity1 's evaluation of their most recent sexual experience in terms of arousal, erectile difficulty, and orgasm all declined with age. Health status was related to @entity1 's evaluation of the experience. Relationship status was the most consistent predictor of @entity1 's evaluation of the experience. Condom use rates remained low for @entity1 across age groups. CONCLUSION: Many older adults continue be sexually active well into advanced age (80+). Thus, providers need to be attentive to the diverse sexual health needs of older adults.

title: XXXX , condom use, and sexual health of Americans over 50: implications for sexual health promotion for older adults.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'participant', 'Participants', 'people', 'men']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['sexual behaviors']

answer: @entity146 :: (MESH:D001523,Disease) :: ['Sexual behaviors']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Genetic factors have a great role in the pathogenesis of @entity792 by cooperating with environmental stimuli. Killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) are cell surface proteins on NK cells whose association with major histocompatibility complex-I regulates their killing function. The aim of this study was to provide information on the possible association between @entity16435 and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes with @entity785 in Iranian population. A total of 279 @entity785 @entity1 and 451 healthy controls were enrolled in this case-control study in order to determine the presence or absence of 19 @entity16435 genes and 6 specific HLA class I ligands. DNA was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction using the specific sequence primer method (PCR-SSP). Among 11 discovered @entity16435 genotypes, 6 genotypes showed a considerable role and 4 genotypes could preclude the risk of @entity785 ( @entity785 ) disease. The gene-gene interactions were also analyzed, and significant confounding effects were seen between involved genes in these two combinations: " @entity16435 ; HLA-BW4-Thr80" and " @entity16435 -HLA-BW4-A1." None of single @entity16435 genes showed significant effect on the risk of @entity785 . We conclude that there is an important relationship between @entity16435 genes and their HLA ligands with incidence rate of @entity785 in Iranian population. The powerful role of a number of discovered @entity16435 /HLA compounds such as activating @entity16435 genotype 3 and HLA-BW4-A1 confirmed the provocative hypothesis of the interplay between activating or inhibitory @entity16435 genes with HLA ligands as a critical index of @entity785 .

title: Analysis of killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) and their HLA ligand genes polymorphisms in Iranian XXXX with @entity785 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune diseases']

entities_list: @entity785 :: ('MESH:D012595', 'Disease') :: ['systemic sclerosis disease', 'systemic sclerosis predisposition', 'systemic sclerosis', 'SSc']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: (1) The production of @entity432 by inserting raised fillings in the teeth of monkeys is described. The fillings were inserted in three adjoining posterior teeth, one being left higher than the others. In one monkey an upper central incisor was the only tooth treated and on this was fixed a raised metal crown.(2) Experiments were terminated after varying periods of time, from ten to forty-three weeks. The jaws containing the teeth in which raised fillings were inserted, the opposing teeth, and the controls, were sectioned. Some sections were cut mediodistally and others faciolingually.(3) Results. These were judged from a histological examination of the sections.(a) Seven monkeys were treated. (b) In three monkeys very definite changes analogous to @entity66 were produced. (c) In three monkeys less extreme changes were seen. (d) In one monkey there was no change. (e) in each animal the pathological changes were usually observed in only the one tooth which took the greatest stress of the three that were filled and the opposing one with which it articulated. (f) Of the 39 teeth subjected to trauma eleven showed pathological changes in the subgingival tissues.(4) The clinical evidence in @entity1 is considered.(5) The conclusion is reached that @entity432 is an aetiological factor in the production of that variety of @entity66 in which there is vertical pocket formation associated with one or a varying number of teeth.

title: An Experimental Investigation into the Association of XXXX with Parodontal Disease: (Section of Odontology).

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['traumatic occlusion']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['parodontal disease']

answer: @entity432 :: (MESH:D001157,Disease) :: ['Traumatic Occlusion']


abstract: PURPOSE: We investigated the characteristics and diagnosis of primary asymptomatic @entity1607 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: During a period of 12 years asymptomatic @entity1901 were prospectively investigated at the Urological Stone Center. We studied mode of diagnosis, stone size, localization, composition, @entity3041 grade and @entity1 characteristics. RESULTS: Between 1995 and 2006 a total of 40 @entity1 with asymptomatic @entity1901 were identified among 3,711 @entity1 with @entity1901 (1.1%). Mean age of the 33 male and 7 female asymptomatic @entity1 was 58.3 years (range 28.1 to 87.1). Localization of stones was 19 proximal, 3 mid and 18 in the distal ureter. Mean stone size was 10.0 mm (+/-6). Mode of diagnosis of asymptomatic calculi was randomly diagnosed @entity3041 in 10 @entity1 (25%), microscopic @entity811 in 8 (20%), randomly diagnosed stone on other than urological x-ray examination in 13 (32.5%) and stone diagnosed during followup after previous @entity1790 in 9 @entity1 (22.5%). Primary therapy was extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy in 35 @entity1 (87.5%), ureterorenoscopic lithotripsy in 4 (10%), spontaneous stone passage before scheduled treatment in 1 and open ureteroneocystostomy in 1 @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: De novo asymptomatic @entity1607 do exist. Characteristics of this small group of @entity1 with @entity13364 have not been described thus far. Diagnosis is usually made during routine health care examinations, during the evaluation of @entity66 and during followup of @entity1 who previously had @entity1790 . A large proportion of @entity1 exhibit some degree of @entity3041 as a sign of silent obstruction.

title: The silence of the stones: asymptomatic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1901 :: ('MESH:D014515', 'Disease') :: ['ureteral stones']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['nonurological diseases']

entities_list: @entity3041 :: ('MESH:D006869', 'Disease') :: ['hydronephrosis']

entities_list: @entity1790 :: ('MESH:D053040', 'Disease') :: ['nephrolithiasis']

entities_list: @entity13364 :: ('MESH:D053039', 'Disease') :: ['ureterolithiasis']

entities_list: @entity1607 :: ('MESH:D014514', 'Disease') :: ['ureteral calculi']

entities_list: @entity811 :: ('MESH:D006417', 'Disease') :: ['hematuria']

answer: @entity1607 :: (MESH:D014514,Disease) :: ['ureteral calculi']


abstract: The method of compensation of @entity935 (DA) deficit in the striatum by living, DA producing cells implanted into the brain, creates new hopes for @entity1 with @entity191 . In view of many ethical and legal problems, connected in some countries with obtaining @entity1 fetal tissue for transplantation, cross-species transplants would be an attractive alternative. The subject of our investigation was the problem of survival and functioning of embryonal substantia nigra (SN) neurons, taken from four species, implanted into the lateral ventricle of @entity35 with denervated striatum. The recipients were 100 inbred @entity35 of the Fisher 344 strain in which hemiparkinsonism was induced by unilateral chemical ( @entity2955 ) lesion of SN. As donor served foetuses of @entity95 , hamsters, @entity19 CF1 and @entity35 . Immunosuppressive drugs were not applied. The effectiveness of the transplants was estimated by testing the rotational behaviour before and after transplantation over a period of 8 weeks at weekly intervals. Survival of the transplant was evaluated by histological and immunocytochemical methods. Behavioural tests demonstrated a statistically significant improvement persisting in groups of xenografts for three to five weeks. Histological investigations revealed that the time of graft survival corresponds roughly to the period of improvement in the rotational behaviour. The results indicate that without application of immunosuppressive drugs intracerebral transplant between different species survive no more than several weeks. Thus, it is necessary to search for homogenic material for therapeutic transplantations in @entity191 @entity1 .

title: [Results of cross-species transplantation of substantia nigra to the lateral ventricle of the brain of XXXX with experimentally-induced @entity191 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease", 'parkinsonian']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague-Dawley rats', 'rats']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: GOALS OF WORK: @entity283 ( @entity283 ) is an important outcome after surgery for @entity14 ( @entity14 ), and accurate assessment is required to fully inform clinical decision making. The purpose of this review is to summarise randomised surgical trials in @entity14 with robust @entity283 to consider the role of @entity283 in surgical decision making. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic review in Medline and the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register identified randomised surgical trials with @entity283 . @entity283 assessment was categorised as robust according to predefined criteria, and the clinical implications of @entity283 were considered. MAIN RESULTS: One hundred seventy-seven articles were identified, and a detailed review reduced this to eight trials. Four compared laparoscopic with open surgery, and four evaluated coloanal anastomotic techniques. The most commonly used @entity283 instrument was the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of @entity5 Quality of Life Questionnaire C30, and @entity283 was usually a secondary outcome measure. In four (50%) trials, @entity283 assessment was categorised as methodologically robust, although only two trials had sample size calculations based upon a @entity283 endpoint. Six trials based the final treatment recommendation in the context of the @entity283 outcomes. CONCLUSION: In randomised surgical trials in @entity14 , @entity283 assessment informs clinical decision making, and future trials require robust assessment of relevant @entity1 -reported outcomes.

title: Quality of life after surgery for XXXX : clinical implications of results from randomised trials.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cancer']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['CRC', 'colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity283 :: ('OMIM:603663', 'Disease') :: ['HRQL', 'Health-related quality of life']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity1252 ( @entity1252 ) is an @entity792 involving multiple organ systems. Previous studies have suggested that @entity16286 ( @entity686 ), a type III interferon, plays an immunomodulatory role. In this study we investigated its role in @entity1252 , including its correlation with disease activity, organ disorder and production of chemokines. METHODS: We determined levels of @entity686 mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and serum protein levels in @entity1 with @entity1252 using real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR) and enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA). Further, we detected the concentration of @entity371 ( @entity371 ), monokine induced by IFN-y ( @entity373 ) and @entity687 ( @entity687 ) secreted by PBMC under the stimulation of @entity686 using ELISA. RESULTS: @entity686 mRNA and serum protein levels were higher in @entity1 with @entity1252 compared with healthy controls. @entity1 with active disease showed higher @entity686 mRNA and serum protein levels compared with those with inactive disease as well. Serum @entity686 levels were positively correlated with @entity1252 Activity Index (SLEDAI), anti-dsDNA antibody, @entity1851 (CRP) and negatively correlated with complement 3. Serum @entity686 levels were higher in @entity1252 @entity1 with @entity8 and @entity625 compared with @entity1 without the above-mentioned manifestations. @entity686 with different concentrations displayed different effects on the secretion of the chemokines @entity371 , @entity373 and @entity687 . CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that @entity686 is probably involved in the @entity8 and @entity625 progression of @entity1252 and associated with disease activity. Moreover, it probably plays an important role in the pathogenesis of @entity1252 by stimulating secretion of the chemokines @entity371 , @entity373 and @entity687 . Thus, @entity686 may provide a novel research target for the pathogenesis and therapy of @entity1252 .

title: @entity16286 induces peripheral blood mononuclear cell-derived chemokines secretion in @entity1 with XXXX : its correlation with disease activity.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal disorder', 'renal involvement']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['arthritis']

entities_list: @entity1252 :: ('MESH:D008180', 'Disease') :: ['SLE', 'Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease', 'Systemic lupus erythematosus']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune disease']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

answer: @entity1252 :: (MESH:D008180,Disease) :: ['systemic lupus erythematosus']


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of single-session @entity1068 ablation with multipronged needles in the treatment of @entity5 ( @entity157 ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A pilot clinical study enrolled 20 @entity1 with @entity1 -Pugh A-B @entity82 (15 @entity1 and 5 @entity1 53-84 years old [mean 70.3 years old    8.3, median 72 years old]) and with 25 @entity96 1.2-3.8 cm in longest diameter (mean 2.3 cm    0.6) located in unfavorable locations for radiofrequency (RF) ablation. @entity1068 ablation was performed under moderate sedation using a multipronged injection needle (Quadra- @entity21245 ; REX Medical, Conshohocken, Pennsylvania) and ultrasound guidance. Follow-up period ranged from 12-24 months (mean 15.9 months    4.6, median 16 months) and included contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance (MR) imaging performed 1 month after treatment and at 3-month intervals thereafter. RESULTS: The treatment protocol was successfully completed in all @entity1 (technical success rate 100%). No major complications were observed. A single treatment session with injection of 5-26 mL of @entity1068 (mean 9.5 mL    5.5) resulted in complete @entity5 ablation at 1 month CT or MR imaging in 21 (84%) of 25 @entity5 . A second treatment session increased the number of @entity5 with complete response (CR) to 23 of 25 (primary effectiveness rate 92%). @entity5 progression was observed in three cases during the follow-up period, for a rate of confirmed CR of 80% (20 of 25). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1068 ablation performed with a multipronged injection needle was not associated with any major complications and resulted in a high rate of confirmed CR. This technique offers an alternative to RF ablation for single-session treatment of early-stage @entity157 .

title: Single-session percutaneous @entity1068 ablation of XXXX with a multipronged injection needle: results of a pilot clinical study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Child', 'women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['HCC tumors']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor', 'early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1068 :: ('MESH:D000431', 'Chemical') :: ['Ethanol', 'ethanol']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma']


abstract: The effects of temperature on @entity272 of newts (Cynops pyrrhogaster) were studied. Newts bearing these @entity5 were maintained for 30 weeks at 4 +/- 1 (S.E.), 10 +/- 1, 13 +/- 2, 25 +/- 1, and 30 +/- 1 degree. The diameters of the @entity1185 were measured externally. They decreased at 4, 25, and 30 degrees, and increased at 10 and 13 degrees. The effect of temperature on the @entity5 growth or regression began to appear from around the 10th week. Furthermore, when the temperatures were changed, it was possible to reverse the growth or regression of the @entity5 . Histologically, cell layers of the @entity5 became thin at 4, 25, and 30 degrees, but there were some differences between 4 and 25 or 30 degrees. The @entity2118 became thick, and epidermal cells invaded dermal layer at 4 degrees, and clumps of cells separated from the surface of the @entity5 at 25 and 30 degrees. Mitotic indices were lower at 4, 25, and 30 degrees than in normal epidermis, but were about 3 times as high as normal tissue at 10 or 13 degrees. The relation between these results in the laboratory and seasonal fluctuations of these @entity5 in nature is discussed.

title: Effects of temperature on XXXX growth in the newt, Cynops pyrrhogaster.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1185 :: ('MESH:D010212', 'Disease') :: ['papillomas']

entities_list: @entity2118 :: ('MESH:D010859', 'Disease') :: ['pigment layers']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin papillomas']

answer: @entity1185 :: (MESH:D010212,Disease) :: ['papilloma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purposes of this study were to determine the frequency and characteristics of @entity730 and @entity82 in @entity5 as seen on CT scans and to evaluate their possible role in diagnosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The CT findings in 29 cases of proved @entity5 were analyzed retrospectively. @entity5 were assessed for size, margin, density, radiating strands, @entity730 , and associated thickening of the small-bowel wall. Matching histologic sections were available for 21 of the cases. They were reviewed independently for histologic pattern, degree of @entity82 , degree of infiltration along neurovascular bundles, @entity39 , lymph node architecture, and @entity730 or ossification within the mass. CT and pathologic findings were then assessed for possible relationships. RESULTS: Calcification was detected by CT in 70% (21 of 30) of mesenteric masses. Three patterns of @entity730 were noted: small, stippled @entity730 (n = 11); coarse, dense @entity730 (n = 7); and diffuse @entity730 (n = 3). All @entity730 was localized within areas of poorly cellular mature fibrous tissue. The degree of radiating strands detected by CT tended to increase with the degree of @entity82 seen histopathologically (p = .06). CONCLUSION: Calcification in mesenteric @entity5 was observed by CT in most cases of this series. The triad of a calcified mesenteric mass, radiating strands, and adjacent bowel-wall thickening should be considered highly suggestive of @entity5 .

title: Calcification and XXXX in @entity5 : CT findings and pathologic correlation.

entities_list: @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['calcification']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Tumors', 'mesenteric carcinoid tumor', 'carcinoid tumors', 'carcinoid tumor']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

answer: @entity82 :: (MESH:D005355,Disease) :: ['fibrosis']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The size of current @entity737 ( @entity737 ) is still large in comparison to pacemakers and thus not convenient for pectoral implantation. One way to reduce @entity737 size is to defibrillate with smaller capacitors. A trade-off exists, however, since smaller capacitors may generate a lower maximum energy output. METHODS AND RESULTS: In a prospective randomized cross-over study, the step-down defibrillation threshold (DFT) of an experimental 90-microF biphasic waveform was compared to a standard 125-microF biphasic waveform. The 90-microF capacitor delivered the same energy faster and with a higher peak voltage but provided only a maximum energy output of 20 instead of 34 J. DFTs were determined intraoperatively in 30 @entity1 randomized to receive either an endocardial (n = 15) or an endocardial-subcutaneous array (n = 15) defibrillation lead system. Independent of the lead system used, energy requirements did not differ at DFT for the experimental and the standard waveforms (10.3 +/- 4.1 and 9.5 +/- 4.9 J, respectively), but peak voltages were higher for the experimental waveform than for the standard waveform (411 +/- 80 and 325 +/- 81 V, respectively). For the experimental waveform the DFT w as 10 J or less using an endocardial lead-alone system in 10 (67%) of 15 @entity1 and in 12 (80%) of 15 @entity1 using an endocardial-subcutaneous array lead system. CONCLUSIONS: A shorter duration waveform delivered by smaller capacitors does not increase defibrillation energy requirements and might reduce device size. However, the smaller capacitance reduces the maximum energy output. If a 10-J safety margin between DFT and maximum energy output of the @entity737 is required, only a subgroup of @entity1 will benefit from 90-microF ICDs with DFTs feasible using current defibrillation lead systems.

title: Internal defibrillation with smaller capacitors: a prospective randomized cross-over comparison of defibrillation efficacy obtained with 90-microF and 125-microF capacitors in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity737 :: ('MESH:D057873', 'Disease') :: ['implantable cardioverter defibrillators', 'ICD']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['humans']


abstract: PURPOSE: To describe the incidence of @entity66 in a multi-ethnic Asian population in Singapore. METHODS: Prospective study in public hospitals in Singapore. All neuro-ophthalmic cases seen in four public sector hospitals over a 22-month period (September 2002 to June 2004) were identified using a standardized protocol. The 2004 Singapore population was used as a denominator to estimate annual incidence. The prevalence of @entity63 risk factors ( @entity101 , @entity6 , and @entity1007 ) among cases was compared to population data. RESULTS: A total of 1,356 @entity1 with @entity66 were seen during the study period, of which 627 were new incident cases. The overall annual incidence of @entity66 was 9.81 per 100,000 (95% confidence interval, 8.80-10.90). The incidence increased with age. After controlling for age, the annual incidence was similar between @entity1 (10.75 per 100,000) and @entity1 (9.00 per 100,000), but was higher in Chinese (10.33 per 100,000) and Indians (9.34 per 100,000) than in Malays (6.62 per 100,000). The three commonest specific neuro-ophthalmic conditions were @entity2896 (1.27 per 100,000), @entity6810 (1.08 per 100,000) and @entity2895 (0.91 per 100,000). The incidence of @entity7995 was 0.83 per 100,000. Compared with the Singapore general population, the prevalence of @entity6 was significantly higher in @entity1 aged 40-59, while the prevalence of @entity1007 was significantly higher in 60-69 year age group. CONCLUSION: In this study of public hospitals in Singapore, the incidence of @entity66 was higher in Chinese and Indians compared to Malays.

title: The incidence of XXXX in Singapore: a prospective study in public hospitals.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'people', 'men']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity1007 :: ('MESH:D006937', 'Disease') :: ['hypercholesterolemia']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['neuro-ophthalmic diseases']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity6810 :: ('MESH:D018917', 'Disease') :: ['anterior ischemic optic neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity2895 :: ('MESH:D015840', 'Disease') :: ['oculomotor nerve palsy']

entities_list: @entity7995 :: ('MESH:D009902', 'Disease') :: ['optic neuritis']

entities_list: @entity2896 :: ('MESH:D020434', 'Disease') :: ['abducens nerve palsy']

answer: @entity66 :: (MESH:D004194,Disease) :: ['neuro-ophthalmic diseases']


abstract: @entity14 ( @entity14 , also known as @entity694 , @entity5 , or @entity5 ) is the second leading cause of @entity5 mortality in the Western world. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small (18-25 nucleotides long) noncoding RNAs with important posttranscriptional regulatory functions. miRNAs play important roles in various physiological and pathological processes including @entity105 in various solid @entity5 including @entity14 . In order to investigate the roles that miRNAs played in @entity14 , the expression of @entity1 miRNAs (in 20 normal adjacent tissue samples and 20 @entity694 samples) was examined in this study. @entity15525 , @entity15526 , and miR-101 were significantly downregulated in @entity694 samples. And overexpression of @entity15525 significantly inhibited the proliferation and the invasion of SW480, but had no effect on apoptosis. PCR and Western blot showed that overexpression of @entity15525 decreased protein expression of @entity8496 proto-oncogene @entity563 / @entity1889 -protein kinase ( @entity10242 ) but had no effect on mRNA level. Luciferase assay indicated that @entity15525 regulated @entity10242 expression directly. Moreover, overexpression of @entity10242 partially reversed the inhibitory effect of @entity15525 on the growth and the invasion of SW480. The data indicated that @entity15525 regulates the proliferation and invasion of @entity14 cells, at least in part, by downregulating @entity10242 , a direct target of @entity15525 . Collectively, our study demonstrated that @entity15525 - @entity10242 may represent a new potential therapeutic target for @entity14 treatment.

title: MicroRNA-455 inhibits proliferation and invasion of @entity14 by targeting XXXX proto-oncogene @entity563 / @entity1889 -protein kinase.

entities_list: @entity563 :: ('CHEBI:17822', 'Chemical') :: ['serine']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['bowel cancer', 'cancers', 'cancer', 'rectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['Colorectal cancer', 'colorectal cancer', 'CRC', 'colorectal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity105 :: ('MESH:D063646', 'Disease') :: ['carcinogenesis']

entities_list: @entity1889 :: ('CHEBI:26986', 'Chemical') :: ['threonine']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon cancer']

answer: @entity8496 :: (22882,Gene) :: ['RAF']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Few studies exist on the management of progressive curves in the setting of @entity16391 . We have performed a retrospective review of our experience treating those @entity1 unresponsive to conservative management with the vertical expandable prosthetic @entity702 rib. METHODS: We reviewed 8 consecutive @entity1 with @entity16391 treated at our institution between 2000 and 2009. All @entity1 were screened to ensure that no confounding @entity154 or comorbidities contributed to the @entity85 . Pretreatment, posttreatment, and most recent Cobb angle, sagittal balance, and spinal length, were measured to assess overall curve correction. @entity1 charts were reviewed for the occurrence of complications. RESULTS: The average age at the time of surgery was 45.8 months (range: 24 to 84 mo). The average preoperative Cobb angle was 84 degrees (range: 50 to 119 degrees) and showed mean curve correction of 35.1% (range: 20% to 60%) over an average follow-up of 32 months (range: 14 to 45 mo). Spinal height increased a mean of 71 mm (range: 51 to 98 mm) over an average of 4 lengthenings (range: 2 to 7). Three of the @entity1 (37%) experienced minor hardware complications, none experienced a @entity51 . CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that the vertical expandable prosthetic @entity702 rib device is a safe and effective treatment option for large-magnitude curves in this unique @entity1 population. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: IV--case series.

title: The role of the vertical expandable @entity702 rib in the treatment of XXXX : early results from a single institution.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['congenital anomalies']

entities_list: @entity16391 :: ('MESH:C580539', 'Disease') :: ['infantile idiopathic scoliosis']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurologic deficit']

entities_list: @entity702 :: ('MESH:D014025', 'Chemical') :: ['titanium']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['spinal deformity']

answer: @entity16391 :: (MESH:C580539,Disease) :: ['infantile idiopathic scoliosis']


abstract: We report on symptoms, clinical course and prognostic factors of eight @entity1 (6 @entity1 and 2 @entity1 ) with @entity3932 . The period of observation was 1 to 17 years (mean 8.8 years). All @entity1 had the classical symptoms with @entity3809 . In two cases a bilateral distribution of the nevus was found. All @entity1 but one had @entity302 which were followed by Todd's palsies in five. Four @entity1 additionally suffered from hydrophthalmia. Another @entity1 had an @entity4904 of the retina and @entity231 . Neurological findings were normal in three @entity1 , minimal signs were found in three, one @entity1 had a spastic @entity1158 and another one hypotone @entity1688 . The mental development was normal in three @entity1 , however severe @entity1056 occurred in one of them. Five @entity1 were @entity1032 , three of them severely. The prognosis was the worse the earlier the cerebral @entity410 appeared.

title: [Clinical aspects and course of XXXX in childhood].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient', 'girls', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity1158 :: ('MESH:D006429', 'Disease') :: ['hemiplegia']

entities_list: @entity1688 :: ('MESH:D011782', 'Disease') :: ['tetraplegia']

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['mentally retarded']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

entities_list: @entity3932 :: ('MESH:D013341', 'Disease') :: ['Sturge-Weber syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1056 :: ('MESH:D060705', 'Disease') :: ['dyscalculia']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epileptic seizures']

entities_list: @entity4904 :: ('MESH:D000798', 'Disease') :: ['angiomatosis']

entities_list: @entity3809 :: ('MESH:D019339', 'Disease') :: ['facial port-wine stain nevus and intracranial calcifications']

answer: @entity3932 :: (MESH:D013341,Disease) :: ['Sturge-Weber syndrome']


abstract: Traditionally @entity1 with @entity1146 , @entity1757 , diminutive or absent central pulmonary arteries, and multiple aortopulmonary collaterals have been managed by staged procedures necessitating multiple operations. We have taken a different approach to this lesion. Between August 1992 and March 1994, ten @entity1 aged 1.43 months to 37.34 years (median 2.08 years) at the severe end of the morphologic spectrum of this lesion underwent a one-stage complete unifocalization and repair from a midline sternotomy approach. The median Nakata index of true pulmonary arteries was 50.0 (range 0 to 103.13) and they provided vascular supply to up to nine lung segments (median 5 segments). The number of collaterals per @entity1 ranged from two to five with a median of four. The collaterals provided vascular supply to a median of 15 lung segments per @entity1 (range 11 to 20). Complete unifocalization was achieved in all @entity1 with emphasis on native tissue-to-tissue connections via @entity254 of collaterals to other collaterals and to the native pulmonary arteries. In only one @entity1 (37.34 years old) was it necessary to use a non-native conduit for peripheral pulmonary artery reconstruction. The @entity1757 was left open in one @entity1 (5 years old) because of @entity16490 and @entity850 of the pulmonary arteries and the collaterals. The postrepair peak systolic right ventricular/left ventricular pressure ratio ranged from 0.31 to 0.58 (median 0.47). There were no early deaths. Complications were @entity548 necessitating reexploration in one @entity1 , @entity129 in three @entity1 , and severe @entity5143 in three @entity1 . Follow-up (median 8 months, range 2 to 19 months) was complete in all @entity1 . One @entity1 was reoperated on for @entity2849 of the central homograft conduit and then again for @entity850 of the left lower lobe collateral. After this last operation at 13 months after the initial repair she died of a preventable @entity1167 caused by pneumothorax. The @entity1 with open @entity1757 underwent @entity384 of the unifocalized pulmonary arteries, with a current pulmonary/systemic flow ratio of 1.4 to 1.8:1, and is awaiting @entity1757 closure. One other @entity1 underwent @entity384 of the reconstructed right pulmonary artery, with a good result. All survivors (9/10) are clinically doing well. This approach establishes normal cardiovascular physiology early in life, eliminates the need for multiple @entity358 shunts and use of prosthetic material, and minimizes the number of operations required.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: Midline one-stage complete unifocalization and repair of XXXX with @entity1757 and major aortopulmonary collaterals.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity129 :: ('MESH:D003389', 'Disease') :: ['phrenic nerve palsy']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['balloon dilation']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity16490 :: ('MESH:D050033', 'Disease') :: ['diffuse distal hypoplasia']

entities_list: @entity1757 :: ('MESH:D006345', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular septal defect']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['systemic-pulmonary artery']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrest']

entities_list: @entity1146 :: ('MESH:D018633', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary atresia']

entities_list: @entity5143 :: ('MESH:D001986', 'Disease') :: ['bronchospasm']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

entities_list: @entity2849 :: ('MESH:D017541', 'Disease') :: ['pseudoaneurysm']

answer: @entity1146 :: (MESH:D018633,Disease) :: ['pulmonary atresia']


abstract: A prospective trial to demonstrate the efficacy of intrathecal @entity1772 therapy by implanted pump for adults with @entity508 due to @entity1566 or @entity15 was initiated in our hospital. Of the 140 @entity1 assessed, 7 met the following criteria for inclusion in the study: a modified Ashworth score > 3, a @entity2473 frequency score > 2, and an inadequate response to oral anti- @entity508 drugs, (i.e., @entity1772 , @entity1338 and @entity7782 ). All @entity1 responded to intrathecal bolus injection of @entity1772 in the double blind, placebo-controlled screening phase (mean bolus dose = 42.8 micrograms). Programmable Medtronic pumps were implanted in 4 @entity1 while 3 @entity1 received non-programmable Infusaid pumps. Post-implantation, a marked decrease in @entity508 occurred with a significant reduction of the Ashworth score (mean = 1.8, p < .005), a reduced @entity2473 score (mean = 0.8, p < .005), and an improved leg swing in the pendulum test. These effects were maintained during a follow-up of 24-41 months (average infusion dose = 218.7 micrograms/day). The gross cost-savings due to reduced hospitalizations related to @entity508 was calculated by comparing the cost for the two year period before pump implantation to the same period after treatment for 6 of the 7 @entity1 . The cost of in-hospital implantation as well as the cost of the pumps were deducted from the gross savings. There was a net cost-saving of  153,120. Our findings agree with the reported efficacy and safety of intrathecal @entity1772 treatment, and illustrate the cost-effectiveness of this treatment.

title: Intrathecal @entity1772 therapy for adults with spinal XXXX : therapeutic efficacy and effect on hospital admissions.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1338 :: ('MESH:D003000', 'Chemical') :: ['clonidine']

entities_list: @entity7782 :: ('MESH:D003533', 'Chemical') :: ['cyproheptadine']

entities_list: @entity508 :: ('MESH:D009128', 'Disease') :: ['spasticity']

entities_list: @entity1566 :: ('MESH:D013119', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord injury']

entities_list: @entity1772 :: ('MESH:D001418', 'Chemical') :: ['baclofen']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['multiple sclerosis']

answer: @entity508 :: (MESH:D009128,Disease) :: ['spasticity']


abstract: Preoperative ultrasonographic findings of @entity259 were analysed in terms of their correlation with pathological features on the cut surface of surgically removed specimens, and the results were found to facilitate correct diagnosis. For this study, 414 @entity1 with @entity259 , consisting of 172 with @entity189 and 242 with @entity5 , were examined by a 7.5 MHz high-resolutional real-time ultrasonography. Sonographic criteria for diagnosing @entity259 were newly proposed in this study. They were divided into major and minor criteria: The former were findings frequently observed in @entity189 , and the latter were findings observed in @entity5 but, rarely, in @entity189 also. By applying these criteria in thyroid @entity1 , @entity1377 was diagnosed more @entity189 , and solid @entity189 was more easily diagnosed than @entity189 . @entity7172 , less than 10mm in maximum diameter, were frequently diagnosed by ultrasonography; 20 out of 36 were detected by these criteria. Intraglandular dissemination was also detected in 22 out of 87. From these studies, it was clear that the accuracy of ultrasonographic diagnosis for @entity7172 and intraglandular dissemination was closely related to the size of the @entity5 . The diagnostic limitation was a maximum @entity5 diameter of 5mm. The superiority of ultrasonography to other diagnostic methods was also discussed.

title: [Evaluation of the clinical usefulness of ultrasonography in making a preoperative diagnosis of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1377 :: ('MESH:D002291', 'Disease') :: ['papillary carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'benign tumors']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomas', 'correctly than follicular carcinoma', 'cystic carcinoma', 'carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity7172 :: ('MESH:C563277', 'Disease') :: ['Microcarcinomas', 'microcarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity259 :: ('MESH:D013964', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid tumors', 'thyroid carcinoma']

answer: @entity259 :: (MESH:D013964,Disease) :: ['thyroid carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity14 ( @entity14 ) is the third most common @entity5 in the world. Despite recent advances in diagnostics and treatment, prognosis for @entity1 with @entity1442 is still poor. microRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of endogenous, small noncoding RNA molecules which are crucial regulators of gene expression at the posttranscriptional level. miRNAs participate in many biological events and play an important role in various @entity1 diseases, including @entity14 . AIMS: This study is to identify the role of @entity18842 in migration and invasion of @entity14 cells. METHODS: Expression of @entity18842 and @entity18436 ( @entity18436 ) were detected by real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting. The effect of @entity18842 on migration and invasion of @entity14 cells was investigated using wound healing assay and Matrigel invasion assay in vitro. The regulation effect of @entity18842 on @entity18436 was evaluated by dual-luciferase reporter assay. RESULTS: We demonstrated that @entity18842 levels correlate inversely with @entity18436 protein levels as well as cell migration and invasion of @entity14 cells. @entity18436 was identified as a functional target of @entity18842 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity18842 regulates @entity18436 to inhibit migration and invasion of @entity14 cells. @entity18842 and @entity18436 might be candidate therapeutic targets in @entity14 .

title: MicroRNA-141 regulates XXXX ( @entity18436 ) and inhibits migration and invasion of @entity14 cells.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity1442 :: ('MESH:D020178', 'Disease') :: ['advanced disease']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['Colorectal cancer', 'CRC']

entities_list: @entity18436 :: ('9839', 'Gene') :: ['Smad interacting protein 1', 'SIP1']

answer: @entity18436 :: (9839,Gene) :: ['Smad interacting protein 1']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity18660 is a rare @entity14253 , and oncocytic change can be focal or marked. Papillary oncocytic @entity9296 has been reported mainly in the minor salivary glands and occasionally in the parotid glands. The cytologic features vary. CASES: A 26-year-old female presented with a 2.4-cm, cystic right parotid gland mass present for 4 months. Fine needle aspiration (FNA) showed cellular smears with sheets of oncocytic cells and some with micropapillary architecture. The diagnosis ofa @entity5 was rendered and excisional biopsy recommended. @entity5 was diagnosed during intraoperative consultation, and final surgical histology showed a unilocular, @entity5 with variable papillary projections. A 52-year-old male presented with a 1.5-cm, cystic left parotid mass enlarging for the past few months. FNA showed less cellular smears with extensive @entity39 and a few large sheets of epithelial cells with vague papillary architecture. @entity5 was diagnosed during intraoperative consultation, and final surgical histology showed a unilocular cystic lesion with multiple papillary fronds lined with oncocytic cells and focal metaplastic squamous cells. CONCLUSION: @entity18660 is rare in the parotid glands, and cytologic features may vary. @entity4724 , @entity1637 , @entity15779 and @entity3981 may arise in the differential diagnosis. In cases with extensive @entity39 and metaplastic squamous cells, branchial cyst and cystic metastatic @entity957 may also need to be considered.

title: Papillary oncocytic XXXX of the parotid glands: a report of 2 cases with varied cytologic features.

entities_list: @entity1637 :: ('MESH:D018249', 'Disease') :: ['oncocytoma']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrotic debris']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Oncocytic neoplasm', 'cystic, oncocytic neoplasm', 'neoplasm']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3981 :: ('MESH:D018267', 'Disease') :: ['acinic cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity18660 :: ('MESH:D018292', 'Disease') :: ['Papillary cystadenoma']

entities_list: @entity14253 :: ('MESH:D012468', 'Disease') :: ['salivary gland neoplasm']

entities_list: @entity9296 :: ('MESH:D003537', 'Disease') :: ['cystadenoma']

entities_list: @entity15779 :: ('MESH:D018300', 'Disease') :: ['intraductal papilloma']

entities_list: @entity4724 :: ('MESH:D000235', 'Disease') :: ["Warthin's tumor"]

answer: @entity9296 :: (MESH:D003537,Disease) :: ['cystadenoma']


abstract: AIM: To investigate the diagnostic yield of capsule endoscopy (CE) in @entity1 with obscure @entity360 (OGIB), and to determine whether the yield was affected by different @entity548 status. METHODS: Three hundred and nine consecutive @entity1 (all with recent negative gastric and colonic endoscopy results) were investigated with CE; 49 cases with @entity548 and 260 cases with chronic recurrent overt @entity548 . Data regarding OGIB were obtained by retrospective chart review and review of an internal database of CE findings. RESULTS: Visualization of the entire small intestine was achieved in 81.88% (253/309) of cases. Clinically positive findings occurred in 53.72% (166/309) of cases. The positivity of the @entity548 group was slightly higher than that of the chronic recurrent overt @entity548 group but there was no significant difference (59.18% vs 52.69%, P > 0.05) between the two groups. Small @entity4056 were the most common finding in the entire cohort, these accounted for 30% of clinically significant lesions. In the chronic recurrent overt @entity548 group angioectasia incidence reached more than 29%, while in the @entity548 group, small @entity4056 were the most common finding at an incidence of over 51%. Increasing @entity1 age was associated with positive diagnostic yield of CE and the findings of OGIB were different according to age range. Four cases were compromised due to the capsule remaining in the stomach during the entire test, and another @entity1 underwent emergency surgery for @entity548 . Therefore, the complication rate was 1.3%. CONCLUSION: In this study CE was proven to be a safe, comfortable, and effective procedure, with a high rate of accuracy for diagnosing OGIB.

title: Single-center experience of 309 consecutive XXXX with obscure @entity360 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal bleeding']

entities_list: @entity4056 :: ('MESH:D007414', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal tumors']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding', 'massive bleeding']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: @entity14 ( @entity14 ) is one of the most common @entity5 in the world. Presently, the most widely used staging system for @entity14 is the @entity5 nodes @entity3 classification system, which classifies @entity1 into prognostic groups according to the depth of the @entity5 , presence of regional @entity1600 ( @entity1600 ) metastases, and evidence of distant metastatic spread. The number of LNs with confirmed @entity3 is related to the severity of the disease, but this number depends on the number of LNs retrieved, which varies depending on @entity1 age, @entity5 grade, surgical extent, and @entity5 site. Numerous studies and a recent structured review have demonstrated associated improvements in the survival of @entity14 @entity1 with increasing numbers of LNs retrieved for examination. Hence, the impact of @entity1600 ratio (LNR), defined as the number of metastatic LNs divided by the number of LNs retrieved, has been investigated in various @entity5 , including @entity14 . In this editorial, we review the literature demonstrating the clinicopathological significance of LNR in @entity14 @entity1 . Some reports have indicated the advantage of considering the LNR compared to the number of LNs retrieved and/or @entity1600 status. When the LNR is taken into consideration for survival analysis, the number of LNs retrieved and/or the @entity1600 status is not always found to be a prognostic factor. The cut-off points for LNRs were proposed in numerous studies. However, optimal thresholds for LNRs have not yet received consensus. It is still unclear whether the LNR has more prognostic validity than N stage. For all these reasons, the potential advantages of LNRs in the staging system should be investigated in large prospective data sets.

title: Impact of metastatic XXXX ratio in node-positive @entity14 .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'primary tumor', 'malignant diseases', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity1600 :: (MESH:D014388,Disease) :: ['lymph node']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVES: To investigate the relationship between @entity26 desaturation index (ODI), body mass index (BMI), and @entity27 index (AHI) in a large sleep clinic population. DESIGN: Retrospective observational. SETTING: @entity25 clinic. @entity1 OR @entity1 : 11,448 individuals undergoing diagnostic polysomnography (PSG) at a @entity25 clinic. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: Polysomnography were scored using Chicago criteria. ODI at 2%, 3%, and 4% threshold levels were derived. The study population was subdivided into BMI categories in steps of 5 kg/m(2). Mean ODI and the accuracy of ODI for detecting an AHI >=  15 (moderate-severe OSA) or >=  30 (severe OSA) were examined by BMI category, using the area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves for the 3 ODI thresholds. Based on AUC, ODI-3% performed best overall, achieving a significantly higher AUC than ODI-2% and ODI-4% for the diagnosis of moderate-severe OSA, and a higher AUC than ODI-2% for the diagnosis of severe OSA. When examining the effect of BMI, ODI-3% achieved a significantly higher AUC than ODI-2% in all BMI categories, and ODI-4% in non- @entity28 subjects. The sensitivity of ODI for detecting OSA increased with BMI, while specificity decreased. CONCLUSIONS: ODI-3% performed best overall, and when combined with appropriate clinical assessment, could be considered as an initial diagnostic test for OSA. OSA is more frequently associated with @entity26 desaturation in @entity28 subjects. BMI influences the accuracy of ODI for the diagnosis of OSA, and ODI should not be used in isolation as a test for OSA in subjects with a BMI below 25kg/m(2).

title: Interrelationships between body mass, @entity26 desaturation, and XXXX indices in a sleep clinic population.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PATIENTS', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity27 :: ('MESH:D020181', 'Disease') :: ['apnea-hypopnea']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['Sleep disorders', 'sleep disorders']

answer: @entity27 :: (MESH:D020181,Disease) :: ['apnea-hypopnea']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The Multidomain Alzheimer Preventive Trial ( @entity3668 study) was designed to assess the efficacy of isolated supplementation with @entity4599 , an isolated multidomain intervention (consisting of nutritional counseling, physical exercise, cognitive stimulation) or a combination of the two interventions on the change of cognitive functions in frail subjects aged 70 years and older for a period of 3 years. Ancillary neuroimaging studies were additionally implemented to evaluate the impact of interventions on cerebral metabolism (FDG PET scans) and @entity194 rate (MRIs), as well as brain amylo  d deposit (AV45 PET scans). DESIGN @entity1 : 1680 subjects (mean age: 75.3 years; female: 64.8 %), enrolled by 13 memory clinics, were randomized into one of the following four groups: omega-3 supplementation alone, multidomain intervention alone, omega-3 plus multidomain intervention, or placebo. @entity1 underwent cognitive, functional and biological assessments at M6, M12, M24 and M36 visits. The primary endpoint is a change of memory function at 3 years, as assessed by the Free and Cued Selective Reminding test. All @entity1 will be followed for 2 additional years after the 3-years intervention ( @entity3668 PLUS extension study). INTERVENTIONS: 1/Omega-3 supplementation: two soft capsules daily as a single dose, containing a total of 400 mg @entity4600 ( @entity4601 ), i.e., 800 mg @entity4600 per day, for 3 years. 2/ Multidomain intervention: collective training sessions conducted in small groups (6-8 @entity1 ) in twelve 120-minute sessions over the first 2 months (two sessions a week for the first month, and one session a week the second month) then a 60-minute session per month in the following three areas: nutrition, physical activity, and cognition until the end of the 3 years. In addition to the collective sessions, individualized preventive outpatient visits exploring possible risk factors for @entity73 are performed at baseline, M12 and M24. BASELINE POPULATION: For cognition, the mean MMSE at baseline was 28.1 (   1.6). About 58% and 42% of @entity1 had a CDR score equal to 0 and 0.5, respectively. Regarding mobility status, 200 (11.9%) had a 4-m gait speed lower or equal to 0.8 m/s. According to the Fried criteria, 673 (42.1%) @entity1 were considered pre frail, and @entity19 .2%) frail. The red blood cell @entity4601 content was 26.1    8.1   g/g. Five hundred and three @entity1 underwent baseline MRI. AV45 PET scans were performed in 271 individuals and preliminary results showed that 38.0% had a cortical SUVR > 1.17, which gave an indication of significant brain amylo  d deposit. DISCUSSION: The @entity3668 trial is presently the first largest and longest multidomain preventive trial relevant to @entity73 in older adults with subjective memory complaints. The multidomain intervention designed for the @entity3668 trial is likely to be easily implemented within the general population.

title: XXXX STUDY: A MULTIDOMAIN APPROACH FOR PREVENTING ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE: DESIGN AND BASELINE DATA.

entities_list: @entity4599 :: ('CHEBI:25681', 'Chemical') :: ['omega-3 fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'PATIENTS', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity4600 :: ('CHEBI:28125', 'Chemical') :: ['docosahexaenoic acid']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive decline']

answer: @entity3668 :: (4137,Gene) :: ['MAPT']