abstract: A 50-year-old @entity1 with multiple liver and mediastinal LN metastases from sigmoid @entity694 was admitted to our hospital in May 2005. In October 2002, a radical resection of the @entity5 and @entity409 were performed at a previous hospital. Histologically, the @entity5 was diagnosed as Stage IV. He was treated with an oral anticancer agent as an adjuvant therapy. In January 2005, the @entity787 level was increased to 3.2 ng/ml and CT scan revealed a solitary liver metastasis. Partial resection of the liver was performed. On admission to our hospital, a systemic chemotherapy by FOLFOX4 was begun. The @entity409 showed 61% reduction in size and were judged to be PR. However, the intrathoracic lymph node size was not changed. Therefore, VATS extirpation of the mediastinal lymph node was performed. After 10 courses of FOLFOX4, abdominal CT revealed @entity409 remained to be almost the same size. In January 2006, radio frequency ablation (RFA) and partial hepatectomy were enforced and then, the @entity5 marker returned to normal. There were no serious adverse events or @entity260 . He has been alive without any sign of recurrence for 42 months from the initial treatment. In conclusion, intensive combination therapies for remote metastases of @entity694 might be promising to obtain a long-term survival without ruining QOL.

title: [A long-term survival case of liver and mediastinal LN metastases from XXXX treated with intensive multimodal therapy].

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'original tumor']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver metastases']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon cancer']

answer: @entity694 :: (MESH:D003110,Disease) :: ['colon cancer']


abstract: Recent advances in endoscopic small bowel (SB) techniques have revolutionalized the diagnostic approach of @entity1 with suspected or known @entity29 ( @entity29 ). Wireless capsule endoscopy (WCE) has become an important diagnostic tool for the evaluation of suspected @entity1050 of the SB or in @entity1 with known @entity29 to rule out SB involvement. The greatest utility of WCE has been observed in cases of suspected @entity1050 , where the initial evaluation with traditional radiographic and endoscopic studies has failed to establish the diagnosis. WCE can detect early SB lesions that can be overlooked by traditional radiological studies. The sensitivity of diagnosing SB @entity1050 by WCE is superior to other endoscopic or radiological methods such as push enteroscopy, computed tomography or magnetic resonance enteroclysis. The utility of WCE in @entity1 with known @entity1050 , @entity29 unclassified (IBDU) and a select group of @entity1 with @entity31 ( @entity31 ) can better define the diagnosis and extent of the disease and may lead to reclassification of @entity29 from @entity31 /IBDU to definitive @entity1050 . In addition, previously diagnosed @entity1 with @entity1050 may be found to have more significant disease burden in the SB. This information may facilitate more targeted and effective therapies and potentially lead to better @entity1 outcomes. A disadvantage of WCE is its low specificity and the risk of being retained in a strictured area of the SB. Balloon-assisted enteroscopy has essentially replaced push enteroscopy, and has been used to treat @entity1050 strictures, obtain biopsies from areas of SB involvement and even retrieving a retained capsule.

title: Diagnostic approach to small bowel involvement in XXXX : view of the endoscopist.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative colitis', 'UC']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel disease', 'IBD']

answer: @entity29 :: (MESH:D015212,Disease) :: ['inflammatory bowel disease']


abstract: As a part of our continuous search for oncogenic viruses in @entity5 , we extended our HPV studies to analyse also SV40, @entity8999 , JCV and HCMV sequences in @entity5 and related these data with @entity876 codon 72 polymorphism. Fresh @entity5 samples from 78 @entity1 with @entity2 were analysed for SV40, @entity8999 , JCV, HCMV and HPV sequences by PCR. HPV genotypes were determined using reverse blot hybridization and sequencing, and all @entity5 were tested for the presence of E6/E7 transcripts by RT-PCR. All samples were analysed for @entity876 codon 72 polymorphism, using PCR-based RFLP method. Of the 78 cases studied, 11 (14.1%) were positive for T-Ag gene of SV40, while @entity8999 and JCV sequences were both amplified in 1 @entity5 only. Altogether, 10/78 lesions were HPV-positive; six @entity1799 , one HPV31, two HPV6/53 and one @entity1799 /18. All HPV DNA-positive samples except one also expressed E6 and E7 transcripts. HCMV was amplified in 18 (23%) cases. RFLP analysis of @entity876 codon 72 revealed 32 homozygotes for arg/arg allele (50.8%), 26 heterozygotes for arg/pro allele (41.3%), and 5 homozygotes for pro/pro allele (7.9%). @entity876 codon 72 polymorphism was not significantly different between cases (n=63) and controls (n=50) (p=0.455), among virus positive and negative @entity1 , nor was it related to HPV genotypes (p=0.384), expression of E6 (p=0.384) and E7 oncogenes (p=0.293). Of all possible combinations of virus co-detection, only SV40-HCMV association was statistically significant (OR=5.500, 95%CI 1.43-21.02; p=0.015). Taken the known mechanisms of these individual viruses, there is a chance that these viruses could affect cell cycle control and inhibit apoptosis, thus potentially causing genetic instability and promote oncogenesis.

title: Detection of oncogenic viruses SV40, XXXX , JCV, HCMV, HPV and @entity876 codon 72 polymorphism in @entity2 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'HPV-positive tumors', 'bronchial cancer']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

answer: @entity8999 :: (10629,Species) :: ['BKV']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A key role of @entity409 in the pathogenesis of early low coronary flow of heart transplants and late @entity299 indicates the importance of optimal coronary endothelial preservation during cold heart storage. We designed this study to investigate the effect of prolonged cold storage on endothelial and smooth muscle function of proximal (epicardial) and distal (intramyocardial) coronary arteries. METHODS: Four groups of isolated @entity35 hearts were subjected to cold cardioplegic perfusion and immersed in storage medium at 4 degrees C. In groups 1, 2, and 3, hearts were perfused with and stored in Celsior solution for 10, 15, and 30 hours, respectively. In group 4, hearts were perfused with @entity21098 and stored in saline for 15 hours. At the end of cold heart storage, arterial segments were taken from the proximal and distal parts of the left coronary artery and mounted on an isometric wire myograph for functional studies. In fifth group, proximal and distal segments of coronary artery isolated from fresh hearts were used as controls. At the end of control measurements, these vessels were used for storage in vitro at 4 degrees C for 15 hours in saline (group 5A) or Celsior (group 5B). RESULTS: The endothelium-dependent relaxation to @entity934 was reduced in distal coronary arteries in group 1, and in both proximal and distal coronary artery segments in groups 2, 3, 4, and 5A. Endothelial function was significantly more impaired in both proximal and distal coronary arteries in group 4, as compared with group 2. The impairment of relaxation to @entity934 was more pronounced following cold storage of the heart than after a similarly long storage of the isolated vessels. The endothelium-independent relaxations to @entity3044 did not differ among all groups. The basal myogenic tone was increased in distal coronary arteries in group 1, and in both proximal and distal coronary arteries in groups 2, 3, 4, and 5A. The sensitivity to the vasoconstricting action of @entity750 was increased in distal coronary arteries in group 2, and in both proximal and distal coronary arteries in groups 3, 4, and 5A. CONCLUSIONS: Prolonged ischemic cold heart storage induces @entity301 that is more pronounced in distal than in proximal arteries and is related to the duration of heart storage and the composition of storage medium.

title: Coronary XXXX of isolated hearts subjected to prolonged cold storage: patterns and contributing factors.

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary endothelial dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['endothelial dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity3044 :: ('MESH:D007545', 'Chemical') :: ['isoprenaline']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['5-hydroxytryptamine']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac allograft vasculopathy']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity409 :: (MESH:D008107,Disease) :: ['endothelial dysfunction']


abstract: PURPOSE: Laryngeal @entity174 is rare, but complications are frequent and severe. Controversy still exists in regards to its proper management. The aim of this study was to present the clinical findings and management of laryngeal @entity174 in Korea. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We analyzed the medical records of 22 @entity1 with laryngeal @entity174 at a tertiary care @entity130 center from 2000 to 2010 retrospectively. RESULTS: In total, 22 @entity1 (19 @entity1 and 3 @entity1 ) presented with @entity174 caused by blunt (n=13) or penetrating (n=9) injury. @entity158 (68.1%), odynophagia (68.1%), hoarseness (18.1%), hemoptysis (13.6%), and @entity9285 (9%) were the common presenting symptoms and noncomminuted @entity174 was common. High velocity blunt @entity130 (mostly traffic accidents) @entity1 had more extensive injury and poor voice outcomes. Penetrating @entity130 @entity1 due to physical assault or suicide attempt demonstrated more frequently @entity130 on the left side. CONCLUSION: In driver-caused traffic accidents, where @entity130 in a wide area within the larynx occurred, poor voice results were seen, and these @entity130 required aggressive treatment. When endotracheal intubation was performed at experienced @entity341 centers with fiberoptic laryngoscopes, airway management was safely achieved. In addition, if the fractured laryngeal framework was corrected at appropriate times, voice results were good.

title: Analysis of clinical feature and management of laryngeal XXXX : recent 22 case review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity9285 :: ('MESH:D013352', 'Disease') :: ['subcutaneous emphysema']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['laryngeal fractures', 'fracture']

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['emergency']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['injuries', 'trauma']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['fracture']


abstract: @entity1514 sympathectomy is generally performed by thoracotomy. Apart from the surgical approach, the thoracoscopic technique allows vision and physical or chemical destruction of the thoracic sympathetic system. We studied the possibilities of their technique. Thoracoscopy is performed under local anesthesia after creation of a pneumoserosa. Local anesthesia of the second sympathetic ganglion is performed. The ganglion is destroyed by injection of 8cc of @entity3971 . Fifteen @entity1 have been treated (15 to 70). The first five @entity1 were failures and led to improvement of the technique. We have 8 good results. If we exclude the first five @entity1 , we observe 8 good results and 2 failures. The thoracoscopic approach to the second sympathetic ganglion is not always possible (local pleurodesis). When it is possible, the results of local treatment by @entity3971 are as good as those of surgery.

title: [ XXXX sympathectomy by thoracoscopy. Apropos of 15 cases].

answer: @entity1514 :: (MESH:D013896,Disease) :: ['Thoracic']


abstract: Influenza is an important @entity3082 and @entity221 associated with serious morbidity and mortality in unprotected communities. @entity1 at increased risk of @entity281 are those with pre-existing @entity66 including @entity565 . The @entity683 virus has the ability to produce antigenic changes posing problems for vaccine development. Influenza vaccines have been available for over 50 years. Despite the continuing global threat posed by @entity281 and recommendations in many countries that immunisation should be widely given, uptake rates are variable and often poor. It has been demonstrated that @entity281 with @entity683 and other respiratory viral pathogens can produce exacerbations of @entity565 throughout the age groups. Despite this, vaccine uptake rates in @entity748 populations are quite low. Poor uptake rates are attributed to a number of factors and we review the evidence for the widely held view that @entity683 vaccination produces exacerbations of chronic airflow obstruction including @entity565 . Observational studies have found conflicting results: some post immunisation changes in @entity6587 and increased requirements of bronchodilator therapy have been in some, but not all, studies. Placebo-controlled trials have not demonstrated any clinical deterioration although one study showed a small reduction in peak expiratory flow rate. Intranasal administration of cold-adapted live vaccines and new nucleic acid vaccines are briefly considered. Live adapted vaccines have been shown to be effective in @entity683 immunoprophylaxis and limited data on their use in @entity1 with @entity565 suggest that they can be administered safely. In conclusion, based up on current studies and evidence, it seems likely that @entity281 produces morbidity in @entity1 with @entity565 but that any potential adverse effects of @entity683 immunisation are outweighed by the benefits in this population. However, placebo-controlled trials are few and only small numbers of @entity748 @entity1 have been investigated.

title: Influenza vaccination and XXXX : current studies and recommendations.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity748 :: ('MESH:D013224', 'Disease') :: ['asthmatic']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['cardiopulmonary disease']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection', 'influenza infection']

entities_list: @entity683 :: ('MESH:D007251', 'Disease') :: ['influenza']

entities_list: @entity6587 :: ('MESH:D016535', 'Disease') :: ['bronchial hyperreactivity']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['pandemic illness']

answer: @entity565 :: (MESH:D001249,Disease) :: ['asthma']


abstract: Cementless total hip implants are relatively new to the veterinary market and therefore complication rates and prognostic indicators associated with the procedure have not been thoroughly documented. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of complications and identify prognostic indicators of success or failure for the @entity572 (THR). Medical records of 163 @entity235 that underwent Zurich cementless-THR were reviewed; continuous and categorical variables, clinical outcomes and complications were recorded. Complications were separated into intra-operative (IOC), short-term ( @entity25917 ), and long-term (LTC). Bivariate and multivariate statistical analysis was used to compare complications. The clinical significance of this study was to provide surgeons with prognostic indicators of success or failure when evaluating prospective Zurich cementless-THR @entity1 , and to report the complication rate of Zurich cementless-THR. The complication rates of Zurich cementless-THR were then compared to previously-reported complication rates of cemented-THR and other cementless-THR systems. Short-term complications, LTC, and IOC rates of Zurich cementless-THR were found to be 6.75%, 10.4%, and 11.0% respectively. The most common complications were intra-operative @entity3330 , luxation of the implant, and septic loosening of the implant. Increased body weight and prior cemented-THR or femoral head and neck ostectomy of the contra-lateral hip were identified as negative prognostic indicators. The overall complication rate identified was greater than those previously reported for other cementless- and cemented-THR systems.

title: Complications of XXXX . A retrospective study of 163 cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity572 :: ('MESH:D006617', 'Disease') :: ['Zurich cementless total hip replacement']

entities_list: @entity3330 :: ('MESH:D005264', 'Disease') :: ['femoral fracture']

answer: @entity572 :: (MESH:D006617,Disease) :: ['cementless total hip replacement']


abstract: The effects of two isoforms of @entity1 endothelin (ET) on the pulmonary and systemic vascular beds were compared in the anesthetized intact-chest @entity95 under conditions of constant pulmonary blood flow and left atrial pressure. Intralobar bolus injections of @entity11614 (0.1-1 micrograms) and ET-3 (1-3 micrograms) produced modest vasoconstriction in the pulmonary vascular bed, whereas both peptides decreased systemic arterial pressure. The pulmonary vasoconstrictor response to @entity11614 was inhibited by intralobar infusion of @entity9805 but was not altered by @entity3352 . In contrast to the small effects of @entity11614 on intact pulmonary resistance vessels, both peptides markedly contracted isolated pulmonary conductance vessels, with greater activity on venous than on arterial segments. Intravenous bolus injection of @entity11614 (0.1-0.3 micrograms) or ET-3 (0.3-1 microgram) decreased systemic arterial pressure, increased cardiac output, and markedly decreased systemic vascular resistance. Higher doses of @entity11614 produce a biphasic systemic vascular response with a prominent secondary pressor component. The present data suggest that the pulmonary vasoconstrictor activity of @entity11614 is greater than that of ET-3 and their pressor activity depends on an extracellular source of @entity460 . The pulmonary and systemic hemodynamic effects of @entity11614 in the @entity95 do not depend on cyclooxygenase products. The systemic vasodilator response to @entity11614 is not altered by first-pass lung transit. Furthermore the systemic vasodilator response to both peptides occurs independent of activation of muscarinic, beta 2-adrenergic, and platelet-activating factor receptors. Although @entity11614 were initially reported as vasoconstrictor peptides, the present data suggest that, by having unique and potent systemic vasodilator activity, @entity11614 act differently in the systemic and pulmonary vascular beds under resting conditions in the @entity95 .

title: Analysis of responses to endothelins in the XXXX pulmonary and systemic vascular beds.

entities_list: @entity9805 :: ('MESH:D009568', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrendipine']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity3352 :: ('MESH:D007213', 'Chemical') :: ['indomethacin']

answer: @entity95 :: (9986,Species) :: ['rabbit']


abstract: @entity1072 ( @entity1072 ) is a @entity5 caused primarily by defects in apoptosis mechanisms and complicated by progressive @entity2131 , immunosupression and increased resistance to chemotherapy. The @entity29569 ( @entity11603 ) interaction has been shown to significantly increase antigen presentation in normal and malignant B-cells and it is a powerful regulator of cell survival. @entity588 expression is common in @entity1072 and is associated with decreased overall survival. Our objective was to asses @entity2936 ligand ( @entity11603 ) and @entity588 expressions and their correlation with clinical and laboratory features in @entity1072 @entity1 . This study was conducted on 40 subjects, including 10 healthy volunteers as the control group and 30 @entity1 presented with de novo @entity1072 ( @entity1072 ), all of them were subjected to thorough history taking, full clinical examinations, routine laboratory investigations and flowcytometric assessment of @entity11603 and @entity588 on lymphocytes. There was a highly significant increase in TLC, absolute lymphocytic count, serum LDH, B2-microglobulin and @entity588 expression (P<0.001); there was a significant increase in @entity11603 expression (P<0.05); whereas there was a highly significant decrease in hemoglobin concentration and platelets count between the study group (P<0.001). There was no significant difference as regard direct Coombs' test between both groups. There was no significant relation between @entity11603 expression and clinical findings, Rai staging system and other laboratory parameters. @entity11603 expression is increased with staging of Modified Rai staging system but not reaching the significant level. There was no significant correlation between @entity11603 expression and some of clinical and laboratory parameters, whereas there was only significantly negative correlation between @entity588 expression and both haemoglobin concentration and platelets count (P<0.001). Combination of @entity588 antisense oligonucleotide with conventional chemotherapeutic drugs may enhance the @entity137 of these drugs and induces apoptosis.

title: XXXX ligand, @entity588 and apoptosis in @entity1072 .

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['haematopoetic neoplasm']

entities_list: @entity1072 :: ('MESH:D015451', 'Disease') :: ['CLL', 'chronic lymphocytic leukemia', 'Chronic lymphocytic leukemia']

entities_list: @entity2131 :: ('MESH:C536572', 'Disease') :: ['marrow failure']

answer: @entity2936 :: (958,Gene) :: ['CD40']


abstract: Left ventricular (LV) torsional deformation plays an important role with respect to LV ejection and filling. However, no data are available on the impact of overload relief on LV torsional deformation after transcatheter @entity2438 closure. This study sought to evaluate LV twist and untwisting before and early after device closure of @entity2438 using the speckle tracking imaging (STI). We acquired basal and apical LV short-axis ultrasound images in 30 asymptomatic @entity1 (29 +/- 9 years, 9 males) scheduled for percutaneous closure of an @entity2438 before and 1-day after transcatheter @entity2438 closure. All data were offline analyzed with Echopac 7.0 software. After transcatheter @entity2438 closure, there was no significant difference in peak @entity717 and time to the peak (P > 0.05 for both). However, a significantly improved basal rotation was recorded, including significantly increased peak clockwise rotation (-7.1 +/- 3.2 degrees vs. -5.4 +/- 2.9 degrees , P = 0.014), decreased initial counterclockwise rotation (2.0 +/- 1.8 degrees vs. 5.1 +/- 3.2 degrees , P < 0.001) and shortened time to peak clockwise rotation (105.5 +/- 16.5% vs. 118.0 +/- 18.5% of systolic period, P = 0.001). LV twist was significantly improved in @entity1 with @entity2438 after the device closure (16.1 +/- 6.7 degrees vs. 12.2 +/- 6.3 degrees , P = 0.001), whereas there was no significant difference in peak untwisting rate, time to the peak and untwisting during IVRT (P > 0.05 for all). In conclusion, LV systolic twist could be significantly improved but diastolic untwisting remained unchanged after transcatheter @entity2438 closure. This improvement was mainly attributed to the improved LV basal rotation rather than the unchanged @entity717 .

title: Left ventricular torsional deformation in XXXX undergoing transcatheter closure of secundum atrial septal defect.

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['apical rotation']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the epidemiology of @entity693 in @entity1 in a @entity3001 ( @entity3001 ) endemic area, and to study how clinical and laboratory characteristics may distinguish between different types of childhood @entity693 . DESIGN: Retrospective, population based study. SETTING: A paediatric department serving all @entity1 (62 000) in a costal @entity3001 endemic region of southwestern Norway. @entity1 : All @entity1 with cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis aged 3 months to 14 years. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Epidemiological, clinical and laboratory characteristics of different types of childhood @entity693 . RESULTS: @entity693 was diagnosed in 211 @entity1 (annual incidence 38/100 000). @entity693 ( @entity693 ) was identified in 142 @entity1 (67%), non-Lyme @entity5827 in 46 @entity1 (22%) and @entity4008 in 23 @entity1 (11%). Age, month of admission and clinical and laboratory characteristics differed between the groups. An aetiological agent was found in 89% of @entity1 . The positive predictive value for having @entity693 if the @entity1 had @entity2103 or head and/or neck stiffness ( @entity693 ) as the only symptom was 97% for both variables. Symptoms of cerebral involvement or signs of systemic @entity32 were rare in @entity1 with @entity693 compared to @entity1 non-Lyme @entity5827 . CONCLUSION: @entity693 was diagnosed in two-thirds of @entity1 with @entity693 in this @entity3001 endemic area. Distinct clinical characteristics distinguished the majority of @entity1 with @entity693 from @entity1 with non-Lyme @entity5827 and @entity4008 .

title: @entity693 , the major cause of childhood XXXX in an endemic area: a population based study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'PATIENTS', 'child']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity3001 :: ('MESH:D008193', 'Disease') :: ['LB', 'Lyme borreliosis']

entities_list: @entity4008 :: ('MESH:D016920', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial meningitis']

entities_list: @entity5827 :: ('MESH:D008582', 'Disease') :: ['aseptic meningitis']

entities_list: @entity2103 :: ('MESH:D005155', 'Disease') :: ['facial nerve palsy']

entities_list: @entity693 :: ('MESH:D008581', 'Disease') :: ['LM', 'Infectious meningitis', 'Lyme meningitis', 'meningism', 'infectious meningitis', 'meningitis']

answer: @entity693 :: (MESH:D008581,Disease) :: ['meningitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: The important function of toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 in Kupffer cells and hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) has been well documented in @entity99 . However, little is known about the role of @entity15905 . Thus, we tested whether @entity15905 activation in HSCs and Kupffer cells could attenuate @entity99 in vivo, and investigated its possible mechanism in vitro. METHODS: Alcoholic @entity99 was achieved by feeding @entity164 ( @entity164 ), @entity15905 knockout ( @entity15905 (-/-)) and @entity1618 (-/-) @entity19 with high-fat diet plus binge @entity1068 drinking for 2 weeks. To activate @entity15905 , @entity14018 ( @entity14018 ) was injected into @entity19 . For in vitro studies, HSCs and Kupffer cells were isolated and treated with @entity14018 . RESULTS: In @entity164 @entity19 , @entity14018 treatment reduced @entity99 and fat accumulation by suppressing nuclear factor-kB activation and @entity5068 response element-binding protein 1c expression in the liver. In addition, freshly isolated HSCs and Kupffer cells from @entity14018 -treated @entity19 showed enhanced expression of @entity1618 compared to controls. Infiltrated macrophage numbers and the expression of @entity5 @entity39 factor-a, @entity1750 and @entity777 on these cells were decreased after @entity14018 treatment. In vitro, @entity14018 treatment enhanced the expression of @entity1618 via a @entity15905 -dependent mechanism in HSCs and Kupffer cells. Finally, the protective effects of @entity14018 on @entity99 were diminished in @entity15905 (-/-) and @entity1618 (-/-) @entity19 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity15905 activation ameliorates @entity99 via the stimulation of @entity1618 production in HSCs and Kupffer cells. @entity15905 could be a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of @entity99 .

title: Activation of toll-like receptor 3 attenuates XXXX by stimulating Kupffer cells and stellate cells to produce @entity1618 in @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity14018 :: ('MESH:D011070', 'Chemical') :: ['polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid', 'poly I:C']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity1750 :: ('20296(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['monocyte chemoattractant protein-1']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['alcoholic liver injury', 'liver injury']

answer: @entity99 :: (MESH:D056486,Disease) :: ['alcoholic liver injury']


abstract: PURPOSE: To assess the @entity74 ( @entity74 ), long-term survival benefit and safety of @entity1 with unresectable @entity157 ( @entity157 ) treated with computed tomography (CT)-guided radiofrequency ablation (RFA) with transarterial chemoembolization chemoembolization (TACE). METHODS: This study was approved by the institutional review board. We reviewed the records of @entity1 with intermediate and advanced @entity157 treated with CT-guided RFA with TACE between January 2000 and December 2009. Median @entity74 , @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) and hepatic function were analyzed with the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank tests. RESULTS: One hundred and twenty-two @entity1 (112 @entity1 and 10 @entity1 , mean age 53 years, range 18-86 years) were included in the study. The median follow-up time was 42 months (range 6-89 months), @entity74 was 6.8 months, the median @entity1349 was 31 months, and the 1-, 3-, and 5-year @entity1349 were 88.5%, 41.0%, and 10.7%. The results of the univariate analysis revealed that @entity75 , AJCC stage, and @entity1 -Pugh stage were predictors of @entity1349 (P<0.01). In the multivariate analysis, the AJCC stage system showed a statistically significant difference for prognosis. Procedure-related death was 0.21% (1/470) within 1 month, and a statistical difference was found between the TACE and RFA of @entity409 and @entity1 -Pugh stage (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The survival probabilities of @entity1349 increased with CT-guided RFA with TACE, as observed in randomized studies from Europe and Asia. The longest @entity74 was observed for the intermediate stage @entity157 . The procedures were well tolerated with acceptable minor and major complications in unresectable @entity157 @entity1 .

title: CT-guided radiofrequency ablation after with transarterial chemoembolization in treating unresectable @entity157 with long XXXX improvement.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Child', 'women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['intrahepatic lesion']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver decompensation']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['TTP', 'time to disease progression']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'hepatocellular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity1349 :: (MESH:D011475,Disease) :: ['overall survival']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess @entity5 markers and clinicopathological findings of @entity1 with serous and @entity43 (BOT) features. METHODS: The study consisted of 50 @entity1 that were diagnosed with and treated for BOT between 2005-2010 in three centers. @entity10224 , CA19-9, and @entity10224 +CA19-9 levels and clinicopathological features were compared in serous and mucinous histotypes. In serous and mucinous BOTs, correlations between @entity5 markers and demographics such as age, menopausal status, parity, clinical findings (stage, relapse, adjuvant chemotherapy, cytology, lymph node involvement and tumoral morphology (cystic-solid content, @entity1829 , septation) were evaluated. RESULTS: There were no significant differences between serous and mucinous @entity5 in the clinicopathological features such as stage, @entity5 markers, age, menopausal status, or cytology. In serous BOTs we found a significant relation between elevated @entity10224 + CA19-9, CA19-9 and recurrence (p < 0.05). Also there was a significant relation between elevated @entity10224 + CA19-9, CA19-9 and cytology positivity (p < 0.05). We found a significant relation in serous BOTs between elevated @entity10224 +CA19-9, adjuvant chemotherapy and lymph node @entity3 (p < 0.05). Also In mucinous BOTs with @entity1829 formation we found a significant relation between elevated @entity10224 and @entity10224 + CA19-9 (p < 0.05). There was significant relation between cytology positivity and elevated CA19-9 in mucinous BOTs (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Serum @entity5 markers of serous and mucinous BOTs were different in relation to their clinicopathological features. This may reflect differences of serous and mucinous BOTs.

title: XXXX markers and clinicopathological features in serous and mucinous @entity43 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['mucinous borderline ovarian tumor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Comparison of tumor']


abstract: Various distinct cognitive processes such as semantic memory, executive planning or technical reasoning have been shown to support tool use. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between these processes. To do so, a @entity1742 was submitted to 16 @entity1 with @entity75 ( @entity75 ) and @entity2026 and 19 healthy controls. The battery included: classical apraxia tests (Pantomime of Tool Use and Single Tool Use), familiar and novel tool use tests (Tool-Object Pairs and Sequential Mechanical Problem-Solving), semantic memory tests (Recognition of tool utilization gestures and Functional and Categorical Associations) as well as the Tower Of London. The Sequential Mechanical Problem-Solving task is a new task which permits the evaluation of pre-planning in unusual tool use situations. In this task as well as in the Tool-Object Pairs task, @entity1 solved a tool use problem in a Choice and a No-Choice condition to examine the effect of tool selection. Globally, left brain damaged @entity1 were impaired as compared to controls. We found high correlations in left brain damaged @entity1 between performances on classical apraxia tests, familiar and novel tool use tests and Functional and Categorical Associations but no significant association between these performances and Tower Of London or Recognition of tool utilization gestures. Furthermore, the two conditions (Choice and No-Choice) of Tool-Object Pairs and Sequential Mechanical Problem-Solving were associated. In sum, all tasks involving tool use are strongly associated in @entity75 @entity1 . Moreover, the ability to solve sequential mechanical problems does not depend on executive planning. Also, tool use appears to be associated with knowledge about object function but not with knowledge about tool manipulation. Taken together, these findings indicate that technical reasoning and, to a lesser extent, semantic memory may both play an important role in tool use.

title: XXXX of tool use: more evidence for the technical reasoning hypothesis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1742 :: ('MESH:D001072', 'Disease') :: ['large apraxia battery']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['LBD', 'left brain-damage']

answer: @entity1742 :: (MESH:D001072,Disease) :: ['Apraxia']


abstract: A @entity95 lymphoid cell line (Ra-1) was established by co-cultivation with a @entity1 T-cell line (MT-2) carrying @entity1 @entity1619 (HTLV). The Ra-1 cell line is chromosomally male and is persistently infected with HTLV. Ra-1 cells, with or without @entity1138 treatment, were inoculated intravenously (i.v.) into 3 female @entity95 . All 3 animals responded with the production of antibodies to HTLV antigens. Lymphocytes from one of these seroconverters were cultured in the presence of @entity19574 ( @entity19574 ) and HTLV particles were detected in the @entity19574 -grown lymphocytes which were chromosomally female. Co-cultivation of lymphocytes from the 2 other seroconverters with lymphocytes from 2 anti-HTLV-negative healthy @entity1 gave rise to the establishment of an HTLV-producing T-cell line derived from each individual. Blood transfusion from one of the HTLV-infected @entity95 into 2 female @entity95 also resulted in the seroconversion of both recipients. An HTLV-carrying lymphoid cell line (Ra-2) was established from one of the transfusion-related seroconverters. The Ra-2 cell line was initially @entity19574 -dependent but later became @entity19574 -independent. There results indicate that HTLV can be transmitted to @entity95 . These animals may provide a suitable model system for studying the mode of transmission and pathogenicity of HTLV.

title: Infectious transmission of @entity1 @entity1619 to XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1619 :: ('MESH:D015458', 'Disease') :: ['T-cell leukemia virus']

entities_list: @entity1138 :: ('MESH:D016685', 'Chemical') :: ['mitomycin C']

entities_list: @entity95 :: ('9986', 'Species') :: ['rabbits', 'rabbit']

answer: @entity95 :: (9986,Species) :: ['rabbits']


abstract: Stress @entity322 (SUI) development is strongly correlated with vaginal childbirth, particularly increased duration of the second stage of labor. However, the mechanisms of @entity3087 leading to SUI are largely unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of increased duration of @entity365 ( @entity365 ) on voiding cystometry, leak point pressure testing, and histology. Sixty-nine virgin female @entity35 underwent @entity365 with an inflated balloon for either 1 or 4 h, while 33 age-matched @entity35 were sham- @entity365 controls. Conscious cystometry, leak point pressure testing, and histopathology were determined 4 days, 10 days, and 6 wk after @entity365 . The increase in abdominal pressure to leakage (LPP) during leak point pressure testing was significantly decreased in both distension groups 4 days after distension, indicative of short-term decreased urethral resistance. Ten days after @entity365 , LPP was significantly decreased in the 4-h but not the 1-h distension group, indicating that a longer recovery time is needed after longer distension duration. Six weeks after @entity365 , LPP was not significantly different from sham- @entity365 values, indicating a return toward normal urethral resistance. In contrast, 6 wk after @entity365 of either duration, the distended @entity35 had not undergone the same increase in voided volume as the sham- @entity365 group, suggesting that some effects of @entity365 do not resolve within 6 wk. Both @entity365 groups demonstrated histopathological evidence of acute @entity130 and tissue remodeling. In conclusion, this experiment suggests pressure-induced @entity519 as a possible mechanism of @entity130 .

title: Increased duration of simulated childbirth XXXX results in increased time to recovery.

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['urinary incontinence']

entities_list: @entity3087 :: ('MESH:D059952', 'Disease') :: ['pelvic floor injury']

entities_list: @entity365 :: ('MESH:D014627', 'Disease') :: ['vaginal distension', 'VD']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['injury in vaginal delivery', 'injuries']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['injuries']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The mutations in the @entity35351 ( @entity35351 ) and @entity29515 ( @entity29515 ) genes have been identified in @entity1 with @entity6750 ( @entity6750 ). This study reports a set of dizygotic twins with @entity6750 due to the mutations in the @entity29515 / @entity35351 system. METHODS: The dizygotic twins, a @entity1 and a @entity1 , both aged 7 years, were born to euthyroid nonconsanguineous parents; they were diagnosed with @entity6750 at neonatal screening and were enrolled in this study. The @entity35351 , @entity29515 , @entity15529 ( @entity15529 ), @entity5787 ( @entity5787 ), and @entity5010 ( @entity5010 ) genes were considered for mutation screening. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood leukocytes, and Sanger sequencing was used to screen for the mutations in the exon fragments. Family members of the @entity1 were also enrolled and evaluated. RESULTS: The fraternal twins each harbored a single heterozygous mutation, including @entity35352 ( @entity35353 ) in the @entity1 inherited from the paternal @entity35351 allele and @entity35354 ( @entity35355 ) in the @entity1 from the maternal @entity29515 allele. The two mutations have been previously reported. The @entity1 showed @entity1374 and a little calcification in the left lobe, while the @entity1 's thyroid gland was severely underdeveloped and the @entity1 had obvious complications due to irregular treatment. The germline mutations from this family were consistent with an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern. No mutations in the @entity15529 , @entity5787 , and @entity5010 genes were detected in this study. CONCLUSIONS: The inactivating mutations in the @entity35351 ( @entity35353 ) and @entity29515 ( @entity35355 ) genes were identified in a set of dizygotic twins with @entity6750 . The @entity1 was more severe in several aspects than her brother. The similar genetic defect resulted in very different outcomes.

title: Heterozygous Mutations of the XXXX and @entity29515 Genes in Dizygotic Twins with @entity6750 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['girl', 'patients', 'boy']

entities_list: @entity5787 :: ('7173', 'Gene') :: ['TPO', 'thyroid peroxidase']

entities_list: @entity5010 :: ('7253', 'Gene') :: ['TSHR', 'thyrotropin receptor']

entities_list: @entity35351 :: ('405753', 'Gene') :: ['DUOXA2', 'dual oxidase maturation factor 2']

entities_list: @entity6750 :: ('MESH:D003409', 'Disease') :: ['CH', 'congenital hypothyroidism']

entities_list: @entity1374 :: ('MESH:D013959', 'Disease') :: ['enlarged thyroid lobes']

answer: @entity35351 :: (405753,Gene) :: ['DUOXA2']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the ability to treat @entity43 ( @entity43 ) by operative laparoscopy. DESIGN METHODS: Retrospective observational analysis (Canadian Task Force classification II-2). SETTING: @entity2371 referral practice in an university-affiliated community hospital. @entity1 : Thirty consecutive @entity1 with @entity43 . INTERVENTION: Operative laparoscopy. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Salpingo-oophorectomy or oophorectomy was completed laparoscopically in 26 @entity1 ; conversion to laparotomy was necessary in 4 (13.3%). Mean operating time was 159 +/- 63 minutes, mean @entity190 was 119 +/- 152 ml, and mean hospital stay was 1.1 +/- 1.4 days. Complications occurred in four @entity1 (13. 3%); in two (6.6%) they were intraoperative. The mean time interval between hysterectomy and symptoms of @entity43 was 6.4 +/- 4.6 years. Mean preoperative duration of @entity158 was 40.11 +/- 41.3 months. Of 27 @entity1 with adequate follow-up, 13 (48%) were @entity158 free postoperatively with a mean follow-up of 12.9 +/- 8.2 months. Fourteen @entity1 (52%) had recurrent @entity158 with mean time to recurrence of 8.8 +/- 10 months. Mean visual analog @entity158 scores were 7.5 +/- 2. 4 preoperatively and 2.3 +/- 3.1 postoperatively (p <0.001). Endometriosis at time of surgery was associated with a significantly higher risk of recurrent @entity2371 (relative risk = 2.3, 95% confidence intervals 1.1, 5.1). Ovarian preservation was significantly related to recurrence of @entity158 (RR = 2.6, 95% CI 1.52, 4.53) and risk of repeat surgery (RR = 4.4, 95% CI 1.69, 11.33). CONCLUSIONS: @entity43 can usually be treated by laparoscopy. @entity43 , if present, may be necessary to prevent recurrent @entity158 . In our series, 48% of @entity1 experienced prolonged relief. (J Am Assoc Gynecol Laparosc 6(3):297-302, 1999)

title: Operative laparoscopic treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian retention syndrome', 'ORS', 'Ovarian retention syndrome', 'Removal of both ovaries']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity2371 :: ('MESH:D017699', 'Disease') :: ['pelvic pain', 'Pelvic pain']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['ovarian retention syndrome']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 is the most common cause of @entity5 death in the United States. Multiple anatomically separate but histologically similar @entity2 are often found in the same @entity1 . The clonal origin of multiple @entity2 is uncertain. METHODS: We analyzed 70 @entity2 from 30 @entity1 (23 females and seven males) who underwent surgical resection for lung @entity5 , of whom 26 had @entity4153 and four had @entity4303 /atypical @entity5 . All @entity1 had @entity5 (two to five) involving one or both lungs. Genomic DNA was extracted from @entity982 -embedded tissue sections using laser capture microdissection and analyzed for loss of heterozygosity, @entity876 mutations, and X-chromosome inactivation status. The percentage (95% confidence interval [CI]) of @entity1 in whom there were concordant patterns of genetic alteration was calculated. RESULTS: All 30 case subjects showed loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in at least one and at most four of the six polymorphic microsatellite markers. Completely concordant LOH patterns between synchronous and @entity5 in individual @entity1 were seen in 26 (87%) of 30 informative @entity1 (95% CI = 75% to 99%). Identical point mutations were present in eight of 10 @entity1 who exhibited @entity876 mutation by sequencing. @entity5 in 18 (78%) of 23 female @entity1 (95% CI = 67% to 98%) showed identical X-chromosome inactivation patterns. Combining the results of LOH studies, @entity876 mutation screening analyses, and X-chromosome inactivation data, we demonstrated that the multiple separate @entity5 in 23 (77%) of 30 @entity1 (95% CI = 62% to 92%) had identical genetic changes, consistent with monoclonal origin of the separate @entity5 . CONCLUSIONS: Our data indicate that the great majority of multifocal @entity2 have a common clonal origin and that multifocality in @entity2 represents local and regional intrapulmonary metastasis.

title: Evidence for common clonal origin of multifocal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4153 :: ('MESH:D018288', 'Disease') :: ['non-small cell carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Tumors', 'multiple tumors', 'metachronous cancers', 'cancer', 'carcinoid tumors', 'epithelial tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['Lung cancer', 'lung tumors', 'lung cancers', 'lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity982 :: ('MESH:D010232', 'Chemical') :: ['paraffin']

entities_list: @entity4303 :: ('MESH:D002276', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoid']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['lung cancers']


abstract: Psychological aspects exist in somatic @entity5 and even @entity174 , not only in the beginning but also in the management of disease. @entity66 give rise to signs of a special constellation of life and management of these diseases is important for the psychological constellation of the individual. Studies on @entity1538 have shown that many @entity1 suffering from this disease are anxious, hypochondric, perfectionist and emotional instable. @entity102 are demanding processes of flexibility and defense, and define how the individual can deal with the diseases and what place in life the disease will occupy in the future. In the holistic view of medicine even psychological conflicts should be treated. In many situations, these conflicts are not consciously experienced by the individual. Therapeutically, 2 different tools can be used: symbolic stories can bring forces to manage the conflict and to solve the conflict (2 examples in the text). The method of positive psychotherapy describes the reasons for @entity5539 in three parts: psychosomatic in the traditional understanding, in further and comprehensive understanding. Especially the psychosomatic effects in comprehensive understanding are embedded in the individual's sociocultural environment and provide tips on reasons for the diseases in those parts of life. The "positive balance model" gives an example of life-management and conflict-therapy. In ophthalmology, fear is often more important for the @entity1 than @entity158 . To avoid this, the @entity1 develop techniques to deny, to cover or to suppress the fear. In the article questions are presented like those the ophthalmologist should be able to ask @entity1 in the office concerning @entity1538 . Tips for the therapy and management for neurotic stress are offered and some special anamnestic questions for the ophthalmologist are presented. Unsolved conflicts and denied desires as @entity6004 can be focused in symptoms of @entity2194 . Macrotraumata and microtraumata may be reason for changes of the hormonal situation and subsequent destabilisation of the metabolism, @entity4372 and variation of the intraocular pressure. This article gives an example of the therapeutic possibilities in @entity66 , to discuss the psychic situation with the @entity1 and to be able to give tips for self-help. Finally, the therapeutic procedere in @entity1 with somatic and @entity5539 is discussed and a 5-step model is presented.

title: [Psychosomatic symptoms in XXXX - @entity1538 for example].

entities_list: @entity2194 :: ('MESH:D005128', 'Disease') :: ['eye diseases']

entities_list: @entity1538 :: ('MESH:D005902', 'Disease') :: ['open-angle glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['somatic diseases', 'Somatic diseases']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['diseases like tumours']

entities_list: @entity6004 :: ('MESH:D009497', 'Disease') :: ['neurotic symptoms']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic diseases']

entities_list: @entity5539 :: ('MESH:D011602', 'Disease') :: ['psychosomatic diseases']

entities_list: @entity4372 :: ('MESH:D009122', 'Disease') :: ['hypertonic disease']

answer: @entity66 :: (MESH:D004194,Disease) :: ['somatic diseases']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate whether @entity33670 , @entity33671 and @entity15457 family microRNAs play the same roles in @entity876 pathway as @entity7762 family in @entity43 . METHODS: Wild-type @entity876 @entity43 cell line A2780 cells were treated with genotoxic agent @entity632 . The reactivation of @entity876 was detected by Western blot. The expression of @entity33670 /b, @entity7762 , @entity27579 , @entity21066 , @entity15457 and miR-194 were detected by real-time quantitative PCR. Mutant @entity876 @entity43 cell line SKOV3.ipl cells were transfected with pre-microRNAs and the cell-cycle changes were detected. The expression level of @entity33670 /b, @entity7762 , @entity27579 , @entity21066 , @entity15457 and miR-194 in serous @entity43 of varying grade and stage were compared with real-time PCR. RESULTS: The expressions of @entity33670 /b, @entity27579 and @entity21066 were 19-fold to 21-fold elevated after @entity876 activation by genotoxic agent. Ectopic expression of @entity33671 , as well as @entity21066 , resulted in cell-cycle arrest in SKOV3.ipl cells. The expression of @entity33670 /b was parallel with that of @entity27579 , @entity21066 , and were significantly lower in late stage and high-grade serous @entity189 than in the normal fallopian tube, early stage and low-grade serous @entity189 . The expression of @entity15457 , miR-194 and @entity7762 did not show evident features in serous @entity43 and were much lower than @entity33670 /b, @entity27579 and @entity21066 in normal fallopian tube. CONCLUSIONS: As tumor-suppressor microRNAs, @entity33670 /b, @entity27579 and @entity21066 cooperate and play important roles in @entity876 pathway. Their inactivation may contribute to the @entity43 .

title: [Expression and significance of microRNAs in the @entity876 pathway in XXXX tissues].

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian carcinoma', 'ovarian carcinomas', 'ovarian cancer', 'carcinogenesis and progression of serous ovarian carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['adriamycin']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomas']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['ovarian cancer cells and serous ovarian cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the immediate and intermediate term outcome of @entity661 by echocardiography. METHODS: This study was conducted in the Department of Cardiology Postgraduate Medical Institute Lady Reading Hospital (LRH), Peshawar from July 1999 to January 2003. @entity1 with severe @entity849 who underwent @entity661 during this period were included in the study. Forty @entity1 fulfilling the study inclusion criteria were followed up to 18 months by two dimensional and Doppler echocardiographic examinations at 6 months interval. @entity1 with @entity340 or for whom 18 months follow up data was not available were excluded from the study. Echocardiographic data was collected prospectively. Echocardiographic hemodynamic data was analysed initially and at all three follow up visits, using descriptive statistics and paired t-test. RESULTS: Total 64 @entity661 procedures were performed during this period. Forty @entity1 fulfilled the study inclusion criteria and the remaining 24 @entity1 were excluded from the study. Mean age of the @entity1 was 13.05 +/- 8.22 years, ranging from 1-33 years. Pre-peak pulmonic valve gradient reduced from 100.9 +/- 29.20 mmHg to 31.38 +/- 15.99 mmHg (p < 0.0001) immediately after @entity661 . Pulmonic valve gradient at day 1 (31.38 +/- 15.99) reduced significantly at 18 months (18.88 +/- 10.24) (p < 0.0001). Complication encountered during the procedure was transient @entity1165 or multiple @entity1540 . CONCLUSION: Balloon pulmonic valvuloplasty is safe and effective in reducing pulmonic valve gradient acutely and the benefit persists till 18 months. Further fall in pulmonic valve gradient is seen in intermediate term follow up.

title: Outcome of XXXX with 18 months follow up.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity849 :: ('MESH:D011666', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonic valve stenosis']

entities_list: @entity661 :: ('MESH:D054549', 'Disease') :: ['balloon pulmonic valvuloplasty']

entities_list: @entity1540 :: ('MESH:D018879', 'Disease') :: ['premature ventricular contractions']

entities_list: @entity340 :: ('MESH:D006349', 'Disease') :: ['dysplastic valve leaflets']

answer: @entity661 :: (MESH:D054549,Disease) :: ['balloon pulmonic valvuloplasty']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose was to study the ability of @entity1 with @entity2414 after acquired @entity1545 to learn how to and use electronic aids to daily living (EADL) and to describe changes in function and quality of life. METHOD: Eight @entity1 stayed in two apartments equipped with a set of basic and advanced EADL for either 4 or 6 months during an intervention time of 2 years. The teaching and learning method was influenced by certain principles of errorless learning. Ability to learn to use EADL was measured by structured observations. Function and quality of life were assessed with self-rating questionnaires. RESULTS: Results indicate that the @entity1 learned to use EADL in their everyday activities. They perceived that EADL were very useful and easy to learn. Occupational performance and satisfaction with occupational performance and quality of life was improved. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that EADL may play an important role in facilitating everyday activities and improve satisfaction with occupational performance and quality of life for @entity1 with @entity2414 . The study indicates the importance of adjusting technology to the user's needs and calls for more consideration for @entity1 -technology interaction factors.

title: Using electronic aids to daily living after acquired XXXX : a study of the learning process and the usability.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'human', 'people', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['memory impairments']

entities_list: @entity1545 :: ('MESH:D020214', 'Disease') :: ['brain injury']

answer: @entity1545 :: (MESH:D020214,Disease) :: ['brain injury']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Examine the effect of @entity1390 inhibitors (ChEIs) on @entity146 ( @entity146 ) in @entity1 with @entity195 ( @entity195 ), and compared the dosages of antipsychotics and SSRIs or SNRIs used to treat @entity146 in @entity1 with and without ChEIs. MATERIAL AND METHOD: The cross-sectional study of @entity195 @entity1 who had been taking ChEls for at least six months (ChEI+) or had never been on any ChEIs (ChEI-) were enrolled from the Memory Clinic, Ramathibodi hospital between September 1, 2014 and February 28, 2015. All of these @entity1 were evaluated with Mini-Mental Status Exam (MMSE) for cognitive function, Neuropsychiatric Inventory-Questionnaire (NPI-Q) for @entity146 , and psychotropic dosage used. RESULTS: Fifty-one @entity195 @entity1 were enrolled, 31 @entity1 in the ChEI+ group and 20 @entity1 in the ChEI- group. Mean and SD of MMSEs in ChEI+ and ChEI- were 13.6    1.2 and 11.75    1.4, respectively (p-value = 0.33). The Mean and SD of NPI scores in ChEI+ and ChEI- were 15.68    14.31 and 19.5    20.1, respectively (p-value = 0.43). @entity1 in ChEI + had tend to had a lower @entity308 severity score (p = 0.10) and lower burden from @entity146 / @entity2146 (p = 0.08). The differences were not statistically signifcant. Mean highest dosages per day ( @entity1037 equivalence) in the ChEI+ and ChEI- were 1.6 mg and 3.1 mg, respectively (p-value = 0.07). CONCLUSION: The total off NPI score between the ChEI+ and ChEI- groups were not different, but there were report the trends toward lower @entity308 severity score, @entity146 / @entity2146 distress score, and antipsychotic dosages use in the ChEI+.

title: @entity1390 Inhibitors and Behavioral _ Psychological Symptoms of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity1390 :: ('590', 'Gene') :: ['cholinesterase']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia', 'aggression', 'BPSD']

entities_list: @entity2146 :: ('MESH:D011595', 'Disease') :: ['agitation']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['AD', 'Alzheimer', "Alzheimer's disease"]

entities_list: @entity1037 :: ('MESH:C076029', 'Chemical') :: ['olanzapine']

answer: @entity195 :: (MESH:D000544,Disease) :: ['Alzheimer's Disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Numerous @entity1 will develop @entity66 after esophagectomy for @entity418 ( @entity418 ). In literature, survival after recurrent @entity418 is poor with 6-8  months. In these studies, diagnostic imaging during follow-up (FU) is routinely performed. In the Netherlands, routine imaging is not part of FU and only performed on indication. The aim of this study was to determine survival after diagnosis of @entity66 in @entity1 after esophagectomy without routine imaging during FU. METHODS: All @entity418 @entity1 who underwent esophagectomy between 1993 and 2010 were included and followed for clinical evidence of recurrent @entity418 . Location, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of @entity66 were registered. Pattern of recurrence was compared between @entity1 who underwent neoadjuvant therapy and @entity1 who underwent surgery alone. Survival after detection of recurrence was determined in all @entity1 and related to the year of surgery. RESULTS: A total of 493 of 1,088 @entity1 (45  %) who underwent esophagectomy between 1993 and 2010 developed @entity66 . Median interval between esophagectomy and recurrence was 10.5  months. Within the first 2  years after surgery, 33  % of @entity1 developed recurrent @entity418 . The majority of @entity1 (51  %) were diagnosed with distant metastases. Locoregional recurrence occurred significantly less often among @entity1 who underwent neoadjuvant therapy (6 vs 16  %, p  =  .017). Median survival after diagnosis of @entity66 was 3  months. No relation was observed between the year of surgery and survival after @entity66 (p  =  .931). CONCLUSIONS: Survival after recurrent @entity418 in @entity1 who undergo FU without routine imaging after esophagectomy is approximately 3  months and has not improved over the past 18  years.

title: Survival after recurrent XXXX has not improved over the past 18 years.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['recurrent disease']

entities_list: @entity418 :: ('MESH:D004938', 'Disease') :: ['EC', 'esophageal carcinoma']

answer: @entity418 :: (MESH:D004938,Disease) :: ['esophageal carcinoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Influenza virus infections can cause severe @entity647 leading to significant morbidity and mortality. Thioredoxin-1 is a redox-active defensive protein induced in response to stress conditions. Animal experiments have revealed that thioredoxin-1 has protective effects against @entity146 . This study was undertaken to evaluate the protective effects of recombinant @entity1 thioredoxin-1 administration on @entity11317 (H1N1)-induced @entity647 in @entity19 . DESIGN: Prospective animal trial. SETTING: Research laboratory. SUBJECTS: Nine-week-old male C57BL/6 @entity19 inoculated with H1N1. INTERVENTION: The @entity19 were divided into a vehicle-treated group and recombinant @entity1 thioredoxin-1-treated group. For survival rate analysis, the vehicle or recombinant @entity1 thioredoxin-1 was administered intraperitoneally every second day from day -1 to day 13. For lung lavage and pathological analyses, vehicle or recombinant @entity1 thioredoxin-1 was administered intraperitoneally on days -1, 1, and 3. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Lung lavage and pathological analyses were performed at 24, 72, and 120 hrs after inoculation. The recombinant @entity1 thioredoxin-1 treatment significantly improved the survival rate of H1N1-inoculated @entity19 , although the treatment did not affect virus propagation in the lung. The treatment significantly attenuated the histological changes and neutrophil infiltration in the lung of H1N1-inoculated @entity19 . The treatment significantly attenuated the production of @entity5 @entity39 factor-a and chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 in the lung and oxidative stress enhancement, which were observed in H1N1-inoculated @entity19 . H1N1 induced expressions of @entity5 @entity39 factor-a and chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 in @entity19 lung epithelial cells MLE-12, which were inhibited by the addition of recombinant @entity1 thioredoxin-1. The recombinant @entity1 thioredoxin-1 treatment started 30 mins after H1N1 inoculation also significantly improved the survival of the @entity19 . CONCLUSIONS: Exogenous administration of recombinant @entity1 thioredoxin-1 significantly improved the survival rate and attenuated lung histological changes in the @entity19 model of @entity55 . The protective mechanism of thioredoxin-1 might be explained by its potent antioxidative and anti-inflammatory actions. Consequently, recombinant @entity1 thioredoxin-1 might be a possible pharmacological strategy for severe @entity778 in @entity1 .

title: Redox-active protein thioredoxin-1 administration ameliorates XXXX (H1N1)-induced @entity647 in @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human']

entities_list: @entity778 :: ('MESH:D015658', 'Disease') :: ['influenza virus infection']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['various severe disorders']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity11317 :: ('11320', 'Species') :: ['influenza A virus']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['influenza pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity647 :: ('MESH:D055371', 'Disease') :: ['acute lung injury']

answer: @entity11317 :: (11320,Species) :: ['influenza A virus']


abstract: @entity1442 with @entity3617 is associated with significant @entity353 and @entity3147 , the true cause of which has not been clearly identified. The purpose of this exploratory study was to compare plasma @entity1522 and related compounds and @entity2661 in a group of @entity1 with advanced @entity454 with a control group of similar age and sex in an effort to further understand this malnourished state. Fasting blood samples were obtained by venipuncture after a rest period. Plasma @entity535 levels were determined by ion exchange high pressure liquid chromatography with fluorometric detection. Plasma @entity2661 were determined by radioenzymatic analysis. Anthropometric measurements, the usually accepted biochemical markers of nutrition, dietary analysis, pulmonary function tests, and a historical analysis of the state of health including drug use and smoking history in each subject were analyzed. Ages and heights were comparable, whereas weights were significantly decreased in the @entity1 with @entity2415 . Total serum protein and serum albumin values were significantly lower in the @entity1 group. Significant @entity425 was indicated by reduced negative inspiratory force in these end-stage @entity1 , contrasting with well-preserved muscle strength usually found in @entity3885 . The dietary caloric intake of the @entity1 was comparable to that of the control subjects. We conclude that the fine balance of the @entity535 pool in @entity1 with @entity3617 and @entity2415 is well preserved, except for significant elevations of @entity2574 , @entity1160 , and @entity1434 , and a decreased level of @entity368 . In addition, @entity1063 levels were significantly increased. @entity353 in @entity1 with @entity2415 and @entity3617 is likely due to increased energy demands related to @entity2495 .

title: The nutritional status in advanced XXXX associated with chronic @entity3617 . A study of @entity535 and catecholamine levels.

entities_list: @entity3617 :: ('MESH:D001991', 'Disease') :: ['bronchitis']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss', 'Weight loss']

entities_list: @entity1160 :: ('CHEBI:28300', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamine']

entities_list: @entity368 :: ('CHEBI:25017', 'Chemical') :: ['leucine']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity3885 :: ('MESH:D008173', 'Disease') :: ['obstructive lung disease']

entities_list: @entity2415 :: ('MESH:D004646', 'Disease') :: ['emphysema']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory muscle weakness']

entities_list: @entity2495 :: ('MESH:C565498', 'Disease') :: ['hypermetabolism']

entities_list: @entity1442 :: ('MESH:D020178', 'Disease') :: ['Advanced emphysema']

entities_list: @entity3147 :: ('MESH:D044342', 'Disease') :: ['malnutrition']

entities_list: @entity2661 :: ('MESH:D002395', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamines']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['norepinephrine']

entities_list: @entity2574 :: ('CHEBI:22660', 'Chemical') :: ['aspartic acid']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage emphysema']

answer: @entity2415 :: (MESH:D004646,Disease) :: ['emphysema']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Sexual reproduction in @entity3964 and @entity3177 occurs in the insect vector and is important in generating hybrid strains with different combinations of parental characteristics. Production of hybrid parasite genotypes depends on the likelihood of @entity325 of the vector with multiple strains. In mosquitoes, existing @entity281 with @entity3964 facilitates the establishment of a second @entity281 , although the asynchronicity of gamete production subsequently prevents mating. In the trypanosome/tsetse system, flies become increasingly refractory to @entity281 as they age, so the likelihood of a @entity238 acquiring a second @entity281 also decreases. This effectively restricts opportunities for trypanosome mating to @entity325 picked up by the @entity238 on its first feed, unless an existing @entity281 increases the chance of successful second @entity281 as in the @entity3964 /mosquito system. RESULTS: Using green and red fluorescent trypanosomes, we compared the rates of @entity281 and hybrid production in flies co-infected on the first feed, co-infected on a subsequent feed 18 days after emergence, or fed sequentially with each trypanosome clone 18 days apart. Infection rates were highest in the midguts and salivary glands (SG) of flies that received both trypanosome clones in their first feed, and were halved when the infected feed was delayed to day 18. In flies fed the two trypanosome clones sequentially, the second clone often failed to establish a midgut @entity281 and consequently was not present in the SG. Nevertheless, hybrids were recovered from all three groups of infected flies. Meiotic stages and gametes were produced continuously from day 11 to 42 after the infective feed, and in sequentially infected flies, the co-occurrence of gametes led to hybrid formation. CONCLUSIONS: We found that a second trypanosome strain can establish @entity281 in the tsetse SG 18 days after the first infected feed, with co-mingling of gametes and production of trypanosome hybrids. Establishment of the second strain was severely compromised by the strong immune response of the @entity238 to the existing @entity281 . Although sequential @entity281 provides an opportunity for trypanosome mating, the easiest way for a tsetse @entity238 to acquire a mixed @entity281 is by feeding on a co-infected host.

title: Dynamics of gamete production and mating in the parasitic protist XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3177 :: ('5691', 'Species') :: ['Trypanosoma brucei']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection', 'trypanosome infection']

entities_list: @entity325 :: ('MESH:D060085', 'Disease') :: ['co-infection', 'co-infections']

entities_list: @entity3964 :: ('5833', 'Species') :: ['Plasmodium falciparum', 'Plasmodium']

answer: @entity3177 :: (5691,Species) :: ['Trypanosoma brucei']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1282 is a potential consequence of treatment for @entity135 . Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) has evolved as a treatment option, with the goal of improved swallow function in @entity1 with chronic @entity1282 . However, the effects of NMES on @entity7433 are unknown and often confound the initiation of this therapy, potentially limiting its efficacy in treating @entity1 with @entity135 . METHODS: @entity957 was grown in the flank of athymic, @entity19 . @entity19 were randomized into treatment and control groups; the experimental group received daily NMES directly to the flank for 8 days. RESULTS: @entity5 volumes, recorded on days 0, 3, 7, and 10, demonstrated no significant differences between groups on each day of measurement. Immunohistochemical analysis of apoptosis, proliferation, and vascularization also failed to demonstrate statistically significant differences between treated and untreated groups. CONCLUSIONS: NMES does not promote the growth of underlying @entity5 in our model. These data may provide preliminary evidence that applying electrical stimulation over the muscles of the anterior neck does not increase the risk of @entity7433 . Early initiation of NMES in this challenging population may be feasible from an oncologic standpoint.

title: @entity19 model of neuromuscular electrical stimulation on @entity957 : potential implications for XXXX therapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck cancer']

entities_list: @entity7433 :: ('MESH:D002471', 'Disease') :: ['tumorigenicity']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['Squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['Dysphagia', 'dysphagia']

answer: @entity1282 :: (MESH:D003680,Disease) :: ['dysphagia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Trusted literate, or semi-literate, @entity497 ( @entity497 ) are the primary implementers in integrated preventive chemotherapy (IPC) programmes for Neglected @entity66 (NTD) control. The @entity497 are responsible for safely distributing drugs and for galvanising communities to repeatedly, often over many years, receive annual treatment, create and update treatment registers, monitor for side-effects and compile treatment coverage reports. These individuals are 'volunteers' for the programmes and do not receive remuneration for their annual work commitment. METHODS: A mixed methods approach, which included pictorial diaries to prospectively record CDD use of time, structured interviews and focus group discussions, was used to triangulate data on how 58 @entity497 allocated their time towards their routine family activities and to NTD Programme activities in Uganda. The opportunity costs of CDD time were valued, performance assessed by determining the relationship between time and programme coverage, and CDD motivation for participating in the programme was explored. RESULTS: Key findings showed approximately 2.5 working weeks (range 0.6-11.4 working weeks) were spent on NTD Programme activities per year. The amount of time on NTD control activities significantly increased between the one and three deliveries that were required within an IPC campaign. CDD time spent on NTD Programme activities significantly reduced time available for subsistence and income generating engagements. As @entity497 took more time to complete NTD Programme activities, their treatment performance, in terms of validated coverage, significantly decreased. Motivation for the programme was reported as low and @entity497 felt undervalued. CONCLUSIONS: @entity497 contribute a considerable amount of opportunity cost to the overall economic cost of the NTD Programme in Uganda due to the commitment of their time. Nevertheless, programme coverage of at least 75  %, as required by the World Health Organisation, is not being achieved and vulnerable individuals may not have access to treatment as a consequence of sub-optimal performance by the @entity497 due to workload and programmatic factors.

title: A mixed methods approach to evaluating community drug distributor performance in the control of neglected XXXX .

entities_list: @entity497 :: ('MESH:D003147', 'Disease') :: ['community drug distributors', 'CDDs']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['Tropical Disease']

answer: @entity66 :: (MESH:D004194,Disease) :: ['tropical diseases']


abstract: In recent years the use of @entity1307 has exploded, and the @entity417 of @entity1 with @entity177 has been practically resolved with the administration of rHuEpo (recombinant @entity1 , @entity1307 ). However, as a result of an intense commercial campaign, strong therapies with this growth hormone, prescribed to achieve surprising sporting performances, got athletes to run the risk of @entity715 and vascular accidents because of red blood cells increase. @entity1307 represents a significant subject of research. In fact, besides the ability of stimulating erythrocyte production, it has many pleiotropic effects. Several studies allow the assertion that @entity1307 , in different concentrations, has protective effects mainly on central nervous system and cardiovascular system through various mechanisms, among which a key role seems to be held by the ability to stimulate angiogenesis. The consequent problem is that @entity417 therapy with rHuEpo in @entity1 with @entity5 may accelerate the progression of @entity5 by promoting @entity5 angiogenesis and, thus, metastasization. The study of angiogenic process in @entity5 led to the synthesis of drugs that, blocking @entity7 , exert an anti-angiogenic action, contrasting @entity5 spread. However, benefits are relatively modest. Is @entity1307 perhaps the further angiogenic hormone to block in @entity5 pathology? Therefore, @entity1307 plays a role in Regenerative Medicine since it intervenes in a persistent natural regenerative activity of @entity1 : angiogenesis. The understanding of the regeneration mechanisms of complex structures in the adult salamander has opened original lines of research. Regenerative Medicine tries to develop therapeutic pathways through the stimulation of natural regenerative processes in @entity1 .

title: Down with the @entity1307 . Long live the XXXX !

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'humans']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplastic disease', 'cancer', 'tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity1307 :: ('2056', 'Gene') :: ['erythropoietin', 'EPO', 'Erythropoietin', 'Epo']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['chronic renal failure']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

answer: @entity1307 :: (2056,Gene) :: ['erythropoietin']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Early exercise with in-bed cycling as part of an @entity1213 ( @entity1213 ) rehabilitation programme has the potential to improve physical and functional outcomes following @entity3124 . The objective of this study is to determine the feasibility of enrolling adults in a multicentre pilot randomised clinical trial (RCT) of early in-bed cycling versus routine physiotherapy to inform a larger RCT. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: 60- @entity1 parallel group pilot RCT in 7 Canadian medical-surgical ICUs. We will include all previously ambulatory adult @entity1 within the first 0-4   days of mechanical ventilation, without exclusion criteria. After informed consent, @entity1 will be randomised using a web-based, centralised electronic system, to 30   min of in-bed leg cycling in addition to routine physiotherapy, 5   days per week, for the duration of their @entity1213 stay (28   days maximum) or routine physiotherapy alone. We will measure @entity1 ' muscle strength (Medical Research Council Sum Score, quadriceps force) and function (Physical Function in @entity1213 Test (scored), 30   s sit-to-stand, 2   min walk test) at @entity1213 awakening, @entity1213 discharge and hospital discharge. Our 4 feasibility outcomes are: (1) @entity1 accrual of 1-2 @entity1 per month per centre, (2) protocol violation rate <20%, (3) outcome measure ascertainment >80% at the 3 time points and (4) blinded outcomes ascertainment >80% at hospital discharge. Hospital outcome assessors are blinded to group assignment, whereas @entity1 , @entity1213 physiotherapists, @entity1213 caregivers, research coordinators and @entity1213 outcome assessors are not blinded to group assignment. We will analyse feasibility outcomes with descriptive statistics. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Each participating centre will obtain local ethics approval, and results of the study will be published to inform the design and conduct of a future multicentre RCT of in-bed cycling to improve physical outcomes in @entity1213 survivors. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT02377830; Pre-results.

title: CYCLE pilot: a protocol for a pilot randomised study of early cycle ergometry versus routine physiotherapy in mechanically ventilated XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3124 :: ('MESH:D016638', 'Disease') :: ['critical illness']

entities_list: @entity1213 :: ('MESH:D012555', 'Disease') :: ['intensive care unit', 'ICU']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the curative effect of incorporation of the regimen of standard dose of @entity1311 combined with @entity900 into concurrent radiotherapy as pre-operative treatment for @entity1 with @entity418 . METHODS: Twenty-six @entity1 with primary diagnosis of @entity418 , 17 in stage II and 9 in stage III, underwent conventional fractionated radiotherapy with a total dosage of 40 Gy (2 Gy per day, 5 doses per week). @entity1311 were given intravenously at a dose of 135 mg/m(2) for 3 h on day1 and day 22. @entity900 was given intravenously at a dose of 20 mg/m(2) on D1-D3 and D22-24. 4 - 6 weeks after the completion of chemo-radiotherapy, left thoracic incision and transhiatal esophagectomy with @entity254 in the neck was performed. The @entity1 were followed up for 42.28 months. Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze the overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS), and Log-rank test was performed to assess the survival rates statistical significance among groups. RESULTS: The radical resection rate was 96.15%. The pathologic response to chemoradiotherapy were grade I in 9 @entity1 , grade II in 6 @entity1 , and grade III in 11 @entity1 . The pathological complete remission (PCR) rate was 42.31% (11/26). @entity137 grade 3 - 4 included @entity1210 (7.69%, 2/26), @entity882 (7.69%, 2/26), and @entity1208 (11.54%, 3/26). Surgery-related complications included @entity834 (3.85%, 1/26), recurrent @entity13587 (7.69%, 2/26), and chylothorax (3.85%, 1/26). The 3- and 5-year overall survival rates were 62.96% and 54.56% respectively. The 3- and 5-year disease-free survival rates were 59.94% and 55.65% respectively. The 3-year overall survival rates of the @entity1 with different pathologic responses were 25.40% (for those of grade I), 60% (for grade II), and 90.91% (for grade III) respectively (P < 0.05). The 5-year overall survival rates were 0 (for grade I), 60% (for grade II), and 81.82% (for grade III) respectively (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Preoperative chemoradiotherapy containing full dose of @entity1311 and @entity900 increases the 5-year overall survival for the @entity1 with postoperative pathologic response grade II and above, and does not increase the treatment-related complications.

title: [Concurrent standard dose of @entity900 , @entity1311 , and radiotherapy followed by surgery in treatment of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['Toxicity']

entities_list: @entity834 :: ('MESH:D057868', 'Disease') :: ['anastomotic leakage']

entities_list: @entity13587 :: ('MESH:D061224', 'Disease') :: ['laryngeal nerve injury']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin', 'Cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel', 'Paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity1208 :: ('MESH:D004935', 'Disease') :: ['radiation esophagitis']

entities_list: @entity418 :: ('MESH:D004938', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1210 :: ('MESH:C536227', 'Disease') :: ['leucopenia']

answer: @entity418 :: (MESH:D004938,Disease) :: ['thoracic esophageal carcinoma']


abstract: CONCLUSIONS: @entity10425 shows a similar association with profound @entity2319 to other opiates. Good cochlear implant outcomes suggest a @entity74 . Although @entity11140 could be due to confounding factors, the lack of other consistent findings may signify a vascular pathology. OBJECTIVES: To describe a series of @entity1 identified as @entity10425 users after referral for cochlear implantation. @entity1 AND METHODS: This was a retrospective case series review. @entity1 were identified by the senior audiologist. Information regarding mode of onset of @entity2319 , past medical history, drug and @entity167 history, investigations and audiological outcomes following cochlear implantation was collected from hospital records and @entity1 questionnaires. RESULTS: Ten @entity1 were included in the study. All @entity1 had taken codeine @entity1391 and @entity1443 in combination for several years, usually at greater than recommended daily dose. All @entity1 presented with sudden or rapidly progressive @entity2319 . All @entity1 had a significant @entity11140 at the time of @entity2319 (mean cell volume (MCV): mean 115 fL; range 105-132 fL). No other investigation was consistently abnormal. Four @entity1 had a history of @entity988 . Seven @entity1 had @entity409 tests. @entity1 usually performed well with cochlear implants (CUNY sentence scores without lip reading >90% in 9 of 10 @entity1 ).

title: The association of codeine, XXXX and bilateral sudden or rapidly progressive profound sensorineural deafness.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity988 :: ('MESH:D000437', 'Disease') :: ['alcoholism']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['abnormal liver function']

entities_list: @entity11140 :: ('MESH:C564004', 'Disease') :: ['macrocytosis']

entities_list: @entity2319 :: ('MESH:D003638', 'Disease') :: ['deafness', 'bilateral deafness']

entities_list: @entity1391 :: ('CHEBI:26020', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphate']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['sensory disorder']

entities_list: @entity1443 :: ('MESH:D000082', 'Chemical') :: ['paracetamol']

entities_list: @entity10425 :: ('MESH:D003061', 'Chemical') :: ['Codeine', 'codeine']

answer: @entity11140 :: (MESH:C564004,Disease) :: ['macrocytosis']


abstract: A family of 5 genes that evolved within the past 1.9 @entity17054 in diploid @entity3505 was characterized. The ancestral gene, @entity731 -A1, is on chromosome 1A and encodes an aci-reductone dioxygenase-like protein. The duplicated genes @entity731 -A2, @entity731 -A3, @entity731 -A4.1, and @entity731 -A4.2 acquired complete coding sequences but lost the original promoter. They are on chromosomes 4A, 2A, 6A and 6A, respectively, and evolved sequentially, the youngest duplicated gene always producing the next duplicate. It is shown that dispersed gene duplication rate consists of the primary rate (duplications of ancestral genes) and the secondary rate (duplications of genes that had been generated by recent duplications). The primary rate was 2.5 x 10(-3) gene(-1) @entity17054 (-1) in diploid @entity3505 . The secondary rate was 5.2 x 10(-2) gene(-1) @entity17054 (-1) in the @entity731 family. The 20-fold acceleration of the secondary rate was caused by the insertion of the @entity731 -A2 gene into a novel type transposon. Only the @entity731 -A1 and @entity731 -A3 genes are transcribed. The transcription of @entity731 -A3 is directed by a promoter within a DNA fragment similar to a CACTA type of DNA transposons, making @entity731 -A3 a new gene. The @entity731 -A3 transcript is longer than that of the @entity731 -A1. The half-life of @entity731 duplicated genes was estimated to be 0.87 @entity17054 . Strong purifying selection acting on the ancestral gene @entity731 -A1 was undiminished by the evolution of duplicated genes. The evolution of the @entity731 family shows that repeated elements facilitate both gene duplication and expression of duplicated genes and highlights their importance for the evolution of gene repertoire in large plant genomes.

title: Mechanisms and rates of birth and death of dispersed duplicated genes during the evolution of a multigene family in diploid and tetraploid XXXX .

answer: @entity3505 :: (4565,Species) :: ['wheats']


abstract: @entity2746 ( @entity164 ) is a devastating, incurable disease. Stem-cell-based therapies represent new promise for clinical research in neurology. The objectives of this study were to assess the feasibility, efficacy, and potential @entity137 of @entity1 umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UCMSCs) therapy in @entity1 with @entity164 . Sixteen genomically diagnosed @entity164 @entity1 were enrolled and received intravenous and intrathecal infusion of UCMSCs. Clinical, laboratory, and radiographic evaluations were conducted to assess the safety of UCMSC therapy. Efficacy was evaluated by the Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and International Cooperative Ataxia Rating Scale (ICARS) scores. Among the 16 cases, there were no serious transplant-related adverse events happened in 12 months follow-up. The majority of @entity1 showed improved BBS and ICARS scores continuing for at least 6 months which indicated UCMSC therapy could alleviate @entity164 symptoms. This study suggested that UCMSC transplantation was safe and might delay the progression of @entity164 . This may represent a new therapeutic strategy for @entity164 and other genetic @entity16 .

title: Safety and efficacy of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell therapy in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological diseases']

entities_list: @entity2746 :: ('MESH:D013132', 'Disease') :: ['Hereditary spinocerebellar ataxia']

answer: @entity2746 :: (MESH:D013132,Disease) :: ['hereditary spinocerebellar ataxia']


abstract: The authors report an unusual mode of suicide in two @entity1 admitted to the Teaching Hospital of Yopougon. One 26-year-old @entity1 swallowed @entity4197 and then self-administered more of the same product rectally. She presented with @entity490 , bloody @entity294 , without @entity221 (T=37,9 degrees C). The abdomen did not appear to require surgery. Endoscopy showed erosive cesophagitis on day 5 (D5) and @entity32 of the entire colon and rectum on D26. She died on D30, during generalized @entity410 . The second @entity1 , a 31-year-old @entity1 , ingested @entity4197 in the same way. She presented initially with diffuse @entity158 ; clinical examination showed neither guarding nor contraction. Her temperature was 37,8 degrees C. Oesogastric endoscopy observed cesophagitis stage II B and III A and @entity3621 and III B. On D9, acute and generalized @entity298 was discovered, leading to surgical exploration. The @entity1 died at the end of the operation. This unusual mode of suicide induces grave clinical presentations despite their apparent calm. The prognosis is worse because of the double localization of the lesions, the @entity137 of the product, and the underestimation of its gravity.

title: [Digestive burns by simultaneous oral and rectal self-administration of ingestion XXXX : an unusual mode of suicide].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'woman', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerated bleeding inflammation']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['convulsions']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhoea']

entities_list: @entity4197 :: ('CHEBI:26836', 'Chemical') :: ['sulphuric acid']

entities_list: @entity3621 :: ('MESH:D005756', 'Disease') :: ['gastritis III A']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain, vomiting']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['abdominopelvic pains']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['peritonitis']

answer: @entity4197 :: (CHEBI:26836,Chemical) :: ['sulphuric acid']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We assessed @entity2215 mRNA levels in normal versus preeclamptic placental samples, examining @entity2215 expression levels in different clinical manifestations of @entity101 disorder of pregnancy. METHODS: We performed a single-site, prospective case-control study of @entity2215 mRNA levels in placentas from term and preterm pregnancies with @entity101 compared with unaffected pregnancies. Placental biopsies were collected from 61 @entity1 (preeclamptic: 32; non-preeclamptic (control): 29). Total RNA from placenta was isolated and reversely transcribed to c-DNA. A probe-specific real-time quantitative PCR assay was employed to determine the relative expressional levels of @entity2215 mRNA levels in these placentas from both unaffected and affected pregnancies with different categories of @entity101 including @entity1468 , @entity1468 , @entity3036 and @entity2102 ( @entity2142 , Elevated Liver function tests, Low Platelet). RESULTS: The average ratio of @entity2215 mRNA levels was 1.73 in the preeclamptic group and 1.02 for control group (p < 0.0001). The @entity2215 expression levels were elevated for each of the different categories of @entity101 of pregnancy compared with control: @entity2102 1.86, @entity1468 1.81, @entity3036 1.71 and mild @entity1468 1.63. In addition, @entity2215 levels were higher in severe than mild @entity1468 (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS:    Elevated @entity2215 mRNA expression is observed in placentas from pregnancies with different clinical manifestations of @entity101 of pregnancy. The patho-physiological significance of this finding awaits further studies.

title: Increased placental telomerase mRNA in XXXX of pregnancy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive disorders', 'hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity2102 :: ('MESH:D017359', 'Disease') :: ['HELLP syndrome']

entities_list: @entity3036 :: ('MESH:D004461', 'Disease') :: ['eclampsia']

entities_list: @entity1468 :: ('MESH:D011225', 'Disease') :: ['severe preeclampsia', 'preeclampsia']

entities_list: @entity2142 :: ('MESH:D006461', 'Disease') :: ['Hemolysis']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertensive disorders']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Physical and mental complaints are common in @entity1 with @entity459 ( @entity459 ) and negatively impact quality of life (QOL). Subjective symptoms in current guidelines are not considered an indication for surgery. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of parathyroidectomy on QOL in @entity1 with @entity459 . METHODS: This multicenter case-control study investigated preoperative and postoperative QOL scores in @entity1 operated for @entity459 , measured with the Short Form Health Survey-36 (SF-36) questionnaire. Results were compared with @entity1 undergoing a hemithyroidectomy, the control group. RESULTS: Fifty-two @entity1 and 49 controls were included. @entity1 with @entity459 had significantly lower QOL scores preoperatively and improved significantly after successful surgical treatment. Postoperatively, no differences were observed between the 2 groups. CONCLUSION: QOL was significantly lower in @entity1 with untreated @entity459 . Surgical treatment was associated with a significant increase in QOL. @entity393 should also be considered as an indicator for surgical treatment in @entity1 with @entity459 .    2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2016.

title: Impact of parathyroidectomy for XXXX on quality of life: A case-control study using Short Form Health Survey 36.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity459 :: ('MESH:D049950', 'Disease') :: ['primary hyperparathyroidism', 'PHPT']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['Decreased QOL']

answer: @entity459 :: (MESH:D049950,Disease) :: ['primary hyperparathyroidism']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1205 and @entity2600 have single-agent antitumor activity in @entity213 ( @entity213 ). The authors sought to evaluate their combination in the treatment of @entity1 with recurrent or metastatic @entity213 . METHODS: Eligibility criteria included recurrent or metastatic @entity213 with measurable disease, good performance status, and adequate laboratory parameters. @entity1 received @entity1205 35 mg/m(2) and @entity2600 60 mg/m(2), intravenously, on Days 1 and 8, every 21 days, until disease progression. The authors assessed @entity6912 genotype, @entity7 ( @entity7 ) in serum, and @entity3840 and @entity7 in baseline @entity5 tissue. RESULTS: Fifty-two @entity1 were analyzable: 20 chemotherapy naive (Group A) and 32 previously treated with 1 chemotherapy regimen (Group B); 73% of @entity1 had distant @entity3 , and 60% were @entity1311 -exposed. In Group A, 3 (15%) @entity1 achieved a partial response; in Group B, 1 (3%) @entity1 achieved a partial response. Median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival were 3.3 and 8.2 months in Group A and 1.9 and 5.0 months in Group B, respectively. Common serious @entity137 were @entity294 , @entity1295 , and @entity448 . @entity1 with high serum @entity7 had a median PFS of 2.8 months versus 1.7 months for @entity1 with low @entity7 (P = .085). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1205 and @entity2600 had acceptable @entity137 , but efficacy results in unselected @entity1 with recurrent or metastatic @entity213 did not suggest an advantage over @entity1205 alone or @entity902 -based regimens.

title: XXXX and @entity2600 in recurrent or metastatic head and neck cancer: a phase 2 trial of the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity2600 :: ('MESH:C051890', 'Chemical') :: ['irinotecan']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['platinum']

entities_list: @entity7 :: ('7422', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor', 'VEGF']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity448 :: ('MESH:D000855', 'Disease') :: ['anorexia']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity1205 :: ('MESH:C067311', 'Chemical') :: ['Docetaxel', 'docetaxel']

entities_list: @entity213 :: ('MESH:C535575', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck', 'SCCHN']

answer: @entity1205 :: (MESH:C067311,Chemical) :: ['Docetaxel']