abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy of vitrectomy combined with autologous platelet concentrate for the treatment of @entity937 . METHODS: Fifteen eyes of 14 @entity1 with @entity937 were treated. The follow-up period ranged from 3 to 16 months. Postoperatively, visual acuity, macular threshold, Amsler grid, @entity941 angiography (FA) and complications were evaluated. RESULTS: Of the fifteen eyes, the closure of the holes was achieved in 13 eyes (86.7%), visual acuity improved for two lines or more in 12 eyes (80.0%). The postoperative visual acuities in @entity1 with abnormal Amsler grid were improved. No significant differences were found in the macular threshold (P = 0.34). Postoperative FA showed that the blocked fluorescence at the site of the macular hole which was surrounded by a hyperfluorescence ring (window defect) in three eyes. The intraoperative complication was primarily the @entity260 was chiefly the aggravation of @entity231 . CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that vitrectomy combined with autologous platelet concentrate can seal the macular hole well and improve the visual acuity in most @entity1 . A large multicenter randomized prospective study and a longer period of follow-up are needed to verify these results.

title: [A preliminary observation on vitrectomy combined with autologous platelet concentrate for the treatment of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

entities_list: @entity937 :: ('MESH:D012167', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic macular hole', 'idiopathic macular holes']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['retinal hole, and the postoperative complication']

entities_list: @entity941 :: ('MESH:D019793', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorescein']

answer: @entity937 :: (MESH:D012167,Disease) :: ['idiopathic macular holes']


abstract: Microdialysis emerges as a useful tool to evaluate tissue @entity32 in a number of clinical conditions, like @entity295 and transplant rejection, but systematic methodological studies are missing. This study was undertaken to determine the recovery of relevant inflammatory mediators using the microdialysis system, comparing microdialysis membranes with two different molecular weight cut-offs at different flow rates. Twenty and 100 kDa pore sizes CMA microdialysis catheters were investigated using velocities of 0.3, 1.0 and 5.0 microl/min. Reference preparations for cytokines [ @entity5 @entity39 factor ( @entity310 , @entity1356 , @entity650 and @entity688 ; m.w. 17-28 kDa] and chemokines ( @entity687 , @entity2842 , @entity371 and MIG; m.w. 7-11 kDa) were prepared from plasma after incubating @entity1 whole blood with lipopolysaccharide. Reference preparation for complement anaphylatoxins ( @entity4417 , @entity10287 , C5a; m.w. 9-11 kDa) was prepared by incubating @entity1 plasma with heat-aggregated immunoglobulin G. The reference preparations were quantified for the respective inflammatory molecules and used as medium for the microdialysis procedure. Through the 20 kDa filter only the four chemokines passed, but with low recovery (3-7%) and limited to the 1.0 microl/min velocity. The recovery with the 100 kDa filter was as follows: @entity1356 = 75%, @entity2842 = 55%, MIG = 50%, @entity687 = 38%, @entity10287 = 28%, @entity371 = 22%, C5a = 20%, @entity4417 = 16%, @entity650 = 11, @entity688 = 8% and @entity310 = 4%. The highest recovery for all chemokines and anaphylatoxins were consistently at velocity 1.0 microl/min, whereas @entity1356 and @entity688 recovered most efficiently at 0.3 microl/min. Thus, microdialysis using catheters with a cut-off of 100 kDa is a reliable method to detect @entity32 as judged by a defined panel of inflammatory markers. These findings may have important implications for future clinical studies.

title: Microdialysis for monitoring XXXX : efficient recovery of cytokines and anaphylotoxins provided optimal catheter pore size and fluid velocity conditions.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity1356 :: ('3553', 'Gene') :: ['interleukin (IL)-1beta', 'IL-1beta']

answer: @entity32 :: (MESH:D007249,Disease) :: ['inflammation']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND METHODS: Laparotomy with splenectomy still remains important for staging @entity978 ( @entity978 ). The risk of @entity879 ( @entity879 ) after splenectomy is well known, but the incidence of @entity879 in splenectomized @entity978 adult @entity1 has not been accurately assessed. In this study we have tried to assess this risk and its duration and to evaluate the role of @entity978 "per se" in causing @entity879 . RESULTS: Six cases of @entity879 were traced in a group of 226 splenectomized adults, with a crude incidence of 2.65%. Age at the time of the event ranged from 23 to 41 years and time after splenectomy from 46 to 98 months. Four @entity1 were disease-free when @entity295 occurred. In 4 cases the causative agent was isolated (3 @entity328 , 1 @entity328 alpha Haemolyticus). The mortality rate was 66%, while net probability of death (life table) at 10 years was 2.6%. M/F rate was 0/6 (P = 0.01). The incidence of @entity879 was 0.33 cases per 100 @entity1 -years (I.C. 95% = 0.12-0.72). There seems to be no relationship to histological type, clinical stage or age at splenectomy. No case of @entity295 occurred in a control group of 281 non-splenectomized @entity978 adults (P = < 0.01), despite the more advanced disease present in these cases on the average. CONCLUSIONS: The frequency of @entity879 , the causative agents, the mortality rate, the duration of risk are similar to those previously reported. Prompt treatment of any @entity66 in @entity978 splenectomized @entity1 and a policy of antipneumococcal (and possibly of anti-meningococcal) vaccination seem advisable.

title: Fulminant @entity295 in adults splenectomized for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['febrile disease']

entities_list: @entity879 :: ('MESH:D017114', 'Disease') :: ['FS', 'fulminant sepsis']

entities_list: @entity978 :: ('MESH:D006689', 'Disease') :: ['HD', "Hodgkin's disease"]

entities_list: @entity328 :: ('1313', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus', 'Streptococcus Pneumoniae']

answer: @entity978 :: (MESH:D006689,Disease) :: ['Hodgkin's disease']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate perinatal features and the rate of cesarean section in @entity1 with @entity91 and to compare these with the official statistics. METHODS: The birth data of 36 consecutive @entity1 (25 @entity1 ) operated on using cranial vault remodeling because of primary @entity91 were analyzed retrospectively from hospital records. The @entity1 were born between 2007 and 2011, and the surgery was performed before the age of 1  year. The official statistics of all Finnish newborns from the year 2010 (n  =  61 371) were used as a reference. Chi-square and @entity16043 's exact tests were used in statistical analyses. RESULTS: The average gestational age of the newborns with @entity91 was 39.8  weeks (reference 39.7  weeks). The average birth weight was 3565.8  g (3540  g) for @entity1 and 3197.2  g (3427  g) for @entity1 , and the average lengths at birth are 51  cm (50.4  cm) and 49.4  cm (49.6  cm), respectively. The average head circumference was 36  cm for both sexes (35.2 and 34.6  cm for reference @entity1 and @entity1 ). The mean age of mothers was 30.5  years (30.1  years). The rate of cesarean section was significantly increased 30.5  % (reference 16.6  %), and the rate of suction cup delivery was increased 13.9  % (9  %). In addition, a prolonged or difficult delivery was reported in three childbirths. CONCLUSION: Newborns with @entity91 appear to be of average birth size and gestational age. The incidences of perinatal complications and cesarean sections were increased with problems occurring in more than half of the childbirths.

title: Perinatal features and rate of cesarean section in newborns with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'girls', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity91 :: ('MESH:D003398', 'Disease') :: ['non-syndromic sagittal synostosis', 'sagittal synostosis']

answer: @entity91 :: (MESH:D003398,Disease) :: ['non-syndromic sagittal synostosis']


abstract: Introduction. Controversy continues over the appropriate timing of @entity1600 ( @entity1600 ) biopsy in locally advanced @entity0 (LABC) @entity1 receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy. We evaluated the feasibility and accuracy of @entity1600 biopsy in LABC @entity1 with cytology-proven axillary nodal @entity3 who become clinically node-negative after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Materials. 30 consecutive @entity1 with LABC, who had become clinically node-negative after 3 cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, were included in the study. They were then subjected to @entity1600 biopsy, axillary lymph node dissection, and breast surgery. Results. Sentinel nodes were successfully identified in 26 of the 30 @entity1 , resulting in an identification rate of 86.67%, sensitivity of 83.33%, false negative rate of 20%, negative predictive value of 72.73%, and an overall accuracy of 88.46%. No complications were observed as a result of dye injection. Conclusions. @entity1600 biopsy is feasible and safe in LABC @entity1 with cytology-positive nodes who become clinically node-negative after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Our accuracy rate, identification rate, and false negative rate are comparable to those in node-negative LABC @entity1 . @entity1600 biopsy as a therapeutic option in LABC after neoadjuvant chemotherapy is a promising option which should be further investigated.

title: Evaluation of sentinel node biopsy in locally advanced XXXX @entity1 who become clinically node-negative after neoadjuvant chemotherapy: a preliminary study.

entities_list: @entity1600 :: ('MESH:D014388', 'Disease') :: ['sentinel lymph node', 'SLN']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: About 20% of adults worldwide will develop @entity101 . Studies and clinical observations suggest an association between @entity101 and pulsatile compression of the ventrolateral medulla oblongata by a looping artery. We investigated whether neurosurgical microvascular decompression substantially decreases blood pressure long-term in @entity1 with severe essential @entity101 . METHODS: We included eight @entity1 who had received three or more antihypertensive drugs without adequate control of blood pressure, intolerable side-effects, or both. All @entity1 underwent microvascular decompression at the root-entry zone of cranial nerves IX and X after neurovascular compression of the ventrolateral medulla oblongata was seen on magnetic-resonance angiography. @entity51 : 3 months after surgery, blood pressure and antihypertensive regimens had decreased substantially in three @entity1 . Four @entity1 who were followed up for more than 1 year became normotensive, but their antihypertensive regimens remained the same as those at 3 months. One @entity1 did not improve. No complications associated with decompression occurred. One @entity1 experienced a transient vocal-cord paresis after the laryngeal part of the vagus nerve was manoeuvered during surgery. INTERPRETATION: We showed a direct causal relation between raised blood pressure and irritation of cranial nerves IX and X. A subgroup of @entity1 with essential @entity101 may exist who have secondary forms of @entity101 related to neurovascular compression at the ventrolateral medulla and who may be successfully treated with decompression.

title: Decrease of blood pressure by ventrolateral medullary decompression in essential XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['FINDINGS']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertension']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: It was recently reported that low-grade @entity6595 of @entity1074 ( @entity1074 ) was regressed by the eradication of @entity1534 . The aim of this study was to confirm the effect of @entity1534 eradication on low-grade @entity6595 and to investigate the whitish mucosa that appeared with regression of the lesions. METHODS: Forty-seven @entity1534 -positive @entity1 with low-grade @entity6595 were treated by using triple therapy. Biopsy specimens were histologically graded and B cell clonality was examined by using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction before and after eradication treatment. The relationship between the appearance of whitish mucosa and the degree of @entity356 was evaluated. RESULTS: Histologic regression was observed 2 months after eradication therapy in 42 of 47 @entity1 . However, B cell monoclonality changed to polyclonality in only 23 @entity1 during the follow-up period. The appearance of whitish mucosa in @entity1 who showed histologic regression became more frequent as the degree of @entity356 increased (P< 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Most low-grade @entity6595 histologically regressed after @entity1534 eradication. The appearance of whitish mucosa after histologic regression reflected the degree of @entity356 . Whitish mucosa is an endoscopic characteristic and may be an endoscopic marker for regression of low-grade @entity6595 .

title: Endoscopic characteristics of low-grade gastric XXXX lymphoma after eradication of @entity1534 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6595 :: ('MESH:C535648', 'Disease') :: ['gastric lymphoma', 'gastric MALT lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity1074 :: ('MESH:D018442', 'Disease') :: ['MALT', 'mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue']

entities_list: @entity1534 :: ('210', 'Species') :: ['H. pylori', 'Helicobacter pylori']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric gland loss']

answer: @entity1074 :: (MESH:D018442,Disease) :: ['mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue']


abstract: Sarcoids are skin spontaneous @entity5 detected in @entity1641 . It can be cured by chemotherapy by using @entity900 . A multisequence treatment must be performed. Problems are present due to the poor diffusion of the hydrophilic product in the @entity5 . Electropulsation is known to drastically enhance the effect of antitumoral drugs in vivo. Taking into account the very successful results of the group in Ljubljana (Slovenia), we started a research clinical program where electropulsation was applied after local @entity900 injection. The size of @entity370 is large (several centimeters). A specially designed set of wire contact electrodes was built. The distance between the electrodes was 0.9 cm and their length was 0.9 cm. The contact with the skin was obtained by a conductive paste. A @entity46425 Jouan Electropulsator was used to deliver eight pulses of 0.1 ms at a 1-Hz frequency with a 1.3-kV voltage. The animal was anesthesized. Intratumoral @entity900 injections were operated every 0.6 cm (0.2 ml at a 1-mg/ml concentration). Five minutes after the first drug injection, multiple electrotreatments were applied by moving the electrodes between the pulse applications. This allows the treatment of all the @entity5 surface. Several successive treatments were performed with a delay of 2 weeks between each. All lesions completely responded. The @entity370 disappear after only 2 or 3 electrochemotherapies. Objective responses were obtained in 100% of the treated lesions. All @entity1641 tolerated the treatment well. No adverse effect from the electric pulses was observed even in the case of a high number of pulses, or when several consecutive treatments were applied. No regrowth was observed in the 18 months follow-up period.

title: Electrochemotherapy of XXXX . A preliminary clinical report.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity370 :: ('MESH:D012507', 'Disease') :: ['sarcoids']

answer: @entity1641 :: (9796,Species) :: ['horses']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine whether right ventricular preservation is compromised in any anatomic subgroup of @entity1699 , we assessed the coronary artery anatomy and myocardial histologic features of 151 postmortem specimens with @entity1699 . BACKGROUND: Although previous studies have shown that @entity453 are more prominent in the subgroup of @entity1 who have a patent mitral valve and obstructed aortic valve, it has not been established that these abnormalities compromise right ventricular perfusion. METHODS: Eighty-nine specimens with a patent mitral valve and @entity2333 , 52 with mitral and @entity2333 and 10 with patent mitral and aortic valves were examined. Histologic sections of the right ventricle, left ventricle and coronary arteries were obtained from 64 study hearts and 5 control hearts. RESULTS: Gross coronary anomalies included coronary-cameral communications (n = 29), single left coronary artery (n = 2), single right coronary artery (n = 1) and tortuosity (n = 19). Coronary-cameral communications and tortuosity were significantly associated with the subgroup that had @entity339 and @entity2333 . Coronary artery wall thickness relative to lumen diameter was not different among the subgroups. No areas of @entity3979 or interruption were discovered. Although @entity11459 of the left ventricle was strongly associated with the @entity339 and @entity2333 group, the right ventricular histologic findings were similar in all subgroups and were not differentially affected by older age. CONCLUSIONS: Although the incidence of @entity301 is greater in @entity1 with @entity339 and @entity2333 , in this study there was no apparent difference in perfusion of the right ventricle among the anatomic subgroups of hearts with @entity1699 .

title: @entity453 and right ventricular histology in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity339 :: ('MESH:D008944', 'Disease') :: ['mitral hypoplasia']

entities_list: @entity11459 :: ('MESH:D004695', 'Disease') :: ['endocardial fibroelastosis']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity1699 :: ('MESH:D018636', 'Disease') :: ['hypoplastic left heart syndrome']

entities_list: @entity3979 :: ('MESH:D023921', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery stenosis']

entities_list: @entity2333 :: ('MESH:D001018', 'Disease') :: ['aortic atresia']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery abnormalities']

answer: @entity1699 :: (MESH:D018636,Disease) :: ['hypoplastic left heart syndrome']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recent research using mobile phone interventions to address public health issues such as smoking, @entity28 , @entity308 , and @entity6 provides a basis for trialing a similar approach toward reducing the negative consequences of risky drinking. OBJECTIVE: This feasibility study aims to recruit drinkers between 18-34 years to a website where they will design and enter their own personal messages (repeating or one-off) to be sent to their mobile phones when they are drinking to remind them of their pre-drinking safety intentions. METHODS/DESIGN: @entity1 in the treatment group will have access to the messaging function for 3 months and will be compared to a control group who will have 3 months access to a web @entity4268 site only. Data collection will occur at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months. The primary outcome is a change in unintended negative consequences from drinking at 3 months. Secondary outcomes include the acceptability of the intervention to this population, recruitment rate, @entity1 retention, reduction in @entity167 consumption, and the self-motivation discourse in @entity1 messages. DISCUSSION: Existing @entity167 interventions in New Zealand attempt to reduce @entity167 consumption in the population, but with little effect. This study aims to target unintended negative consequences resulting from drinking by empowering the drinkers themselves to deliver safety messages during the drinking session. If proven effective, this strategy could provide a cost-effective means of reducing the public health burden associated with risky drinking. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Australia and New Zealand Clinical Trials Register (ANZCTR): ACTRN12611000242921.

title: Harm reduction text messages delivered during XXXX drinking: feasibility study protocol.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participant', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

answer: @entity167 :: (CHEBI:16236,Chemical) :: ['alcohol']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to identify regulatory T  cell (Treg) subsets residing in adipose tissue, demonstrate their immunosuppressive functions, and assess the possible role of @entity4093 in their function in overweight subjects. METHODS: Fat samples were obtained by lipoaspiration from healthy overweight (n  =  15) and normoweight (n  =  11) subjects. We obtained the stromal vascular fraction and then isolated the mononuclear cells by Ficoll-Hypaque sedimentation. The Treg subsets were analyzed by flow cytometry, the expression of @entity4093 and @entity403 was detected by western blot, and @entity6864 ( @entity5601 -y) expression was evaluated by qPCR. RESULTS: We detected low numbers of Treg cell subsets displaying the phenotypes @entity404 + @entity2902 - @entity403 +, @entity405 + @entity2902 - @entity403 +, and @entity404 + @entity13796 + @entity403 + associated with increased body mass index in overweight subjects. We found lower levels of mRNA @entity4093 expression in adipocytes from overweight subjects than in those from normoweight subjects. In contrast, increased amounts of the @entity4093 and @entity403 proteins in adipose tissue mononuclear cells from overweight subjects were observed. The immunosuppressive function of @entity404 + @entity2902 +  Treg cells is higher in cells from obese subject than in those from normoweight subject. CONCLUSIONS: Low levels of Treg subsets in overweight subjects with a high percentage of inhibition of proliferation could be related to high levels of the @entity403 protein. Likewise, the low expression of @entity4093 and @entity5601 -y mRNA levels and increased concentration of @entity4093 proteins allows adipose tissue mononuclear cells to respond to stimuli dependent on @entity859 receptors and sirtuin pathways.

title: Diminished levels of regulatory T cell subsets ( @entity405 + @entity403 , @entity404 + XXXX and @entity404 + @entity13796 + @entity403 ) but increased @entity403 expression in adipose tissue from overweight subjects.

entities_list: @entity859 :: ('MESH:D000241', 'Chemical') :: ['adenosine']

entities_list: @entity6864 :: ('5468', 'Gene') :: ['peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma']

answer: @entity403 :: (50943,Gene) :: ['Foxp3']


abstract: Two experiments were conducted, each with 24 White @entity4186 , to determine the AME and TME content of five feedstuffs for @entity4186 . In each experiment, fasting losses were obtained from six @entity4186 and six @entity4186 were used for each feedstuff. Each experiment lasted 102 h with an initial 48-h period and a 54-h excreta collection period. During the first 48-h period, all birds were tube-fed @entity413 (30 g/100 mL of water) at 8 and 32 h after feed was withdrawn. Thirty grams of each feedstuff were tube-fed (30 g/100 mL of water) at 48 and 54 h after feed was withdrawn. The birds from which fasting losses were obtained were intubated with 30 g dextrose (30 g/100 mL of water) at 48 and 54 h after feed was withdrawn. Excreta were collected during the last 54 h into bags screwed onto lids sutured around the vent of each bird. In the first experiment, the feedstuffs evaluated were @entity4336 , dehulled oats, and @entity3505 . The fasting energy and @entity1568 losses per bird in the 54-h collection period were 12.1 kcal and 0.29 g, respectively. The AMEn values for the birds fed @entity4336 , dehulled oats, and @entity3505 were 3.10, 3.48, and 3.14 kcal/g, respectively. The TMEn values for the respective feedstuffs were 3.27, 3.64, and 3.30 kcal/g. In the second experiment, the feedstuffs evaluated were @entity4336 , parboiled @entity579 , and rye. The fasting energy and @entity1568 losses per bird in the 54-h collection period were 18.9 kcal and 1.09 g, respectively. The AMEn values for the birds fed @entity4336 , parboiled @entity579 , and rye were 3.24, 3.45, and 2.69 kcal/g, respectively. The TMEn values for the respective feedstuffs were 3.40, 3.61, and 2.85 kcal/g. The data provide new information on AMEn and TMEn values of @entity4336 , @entity3505 , parboiled @entity579 , dehulled oats, and rye for @entity4186 .

title: Apparent and true metabolizable energy values of feedstuffs for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity4186 :: ('8839', 'Species') :: ['ducks', 'Pekin ducks']

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['dextrose']

answer: @entity4186 :: (8839,Species) :: ['ducks']


abstract: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy with @entity900 , @entity1732 , and @entity1499 was used in the primary treatment of 33 consecutive @entity1 with locally advanced @entity2622 (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics [FIGO] stages IB-III; @entity5 volume greater than 4 cm). This therapy induced responses in 25 of the 33 @entity1 (four complete, 21 partial; overall 75.7%), thus permitting radical surgery in all these cases despite initial bulky @entity5 . Surgery consisted of type III-IV radical hysterectomy plus systematic para-aortic and pelvic lymphadenectomy. The average number of lymph nodes removed was 63 (range 37-117). At histologic examination, complete responses were found in four cases (12.1%) and partial responses in 14 cases (42.4%). The highest response rates were found for @entity8218 (80%), followed by @entity3799 (72%) and @entity66 (63.1%). A lower than expected incidence of lymph node metastases was detected (16%, four of 25). Chemotherapy did not seem to complicate surgery in these circumstances. The combination of @entity900 , @entity1732 , and @entity1499 chemotherapy and surgery did not produce severe morbidity. However, chemotherapy-induced @entity390 and @entity391 and moderate @entity260 did occur. These encouraging preliminary results need a longer follow-up to evaluate the influence of treatment on disease-free survival.

title: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radical surgery in locally advanced XXXX : a pilot study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['parametrial disease']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity2622 :: ('MESH:D002583', 'Disease') :: ['cervical carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity3799 :: ('MESH:D002575', 'Disease') :: ['cervical disease']

entities_list: @entity1732 :: ('MESH:D001761', 'Chemical') :: ['bleomycin']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

entities_list: @entity8218 :: ('MESH:D014623', 'Disease') :: ['vaginal disease']

answer: @entity2622 :: (MESH:D002583,Disease) :: ['cervical carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIM: @entity8 after ingestion of Chinese herbs is known as a rapidly progressive form of @entity8 after a slimming regimen containing @entity42845 that was identified first in Belgium. Intake of traditional Chinese herbal medicines is very popular in Taiwan. So we looked for similar cases in our hospital. METHODS: From 1994 to 1998, we observed 20 Taiwanese @entity1 who underwent renal biopsy for rapidly progressive @entity177 of unknown origin. The medical history of these @entity1 gave no clue to the origin of @entity8 , except for the administration of Chinese herbs before the development of @entity177 in all cases. RESULTS: Although these @entity1 took herbal medications from various sources for different purposes, their renal biopsy specimens showed strikingly similar histological patterns: extensive paucicellular interstitial @entity82 and @entity194 , but the glomeruli were apparently intact. They also had similar clinical features, such as a nearly normal blood pressure, obvious @entity417 , insignificant @entity4 , low-grade @entity644 , and @entity15157 . The renal function declined rapidly in most cases; 15 @entity1 underwent dialysis within 3 months of renal biopsy, and 7 @entity1 received emergency dialysis when they first came to our hospital. On clinical and morphological grounds, the @entity8 in our @entity1 appears similar to Chinese herb @entity8 . CONCLUSIONS: Because of the diversity of the herbal regimens used, in addition to @entity42845 , other unidentified phytotoxins may also play a role in this particular disease entity. There is a strong relation between rapidly progressive @entity8 and the consumption of Chinese herbs.

title: Rapidly progressive XXXX associated with Chinese herbal medications.

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['nephropathy', 'interstitial renal fibrosis', 'renal impairment', 'Nephropathy']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity42845 :: ('MESH:C000228', 'Chemical') :: ['aristolochic acid']

entities_list: @entity15157 :: ('MESH:D006030', 'Disease') :: ['glucosuria']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity194 :: ('MESH:D001284', 'Disease') :: ['tubular atrophy']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['interstitial renal fibrosis']


abstract: The brain is a specialized immune site representing a unique @entity5 microenvironment. The availability of fresh @entity1313 material for ex vivo analysis is often limited because large parts of many @entity1313 are resected using ultrasonic aspiration. We analyzed @entity5 aspirates as a biosource to study immune suppressive mechanisms in 83 @entity1 @entity1313 . Lymphocyte infiltrates in @entity1313 tissues and ultrasonic aspirates were comparable with respect to lymphocyte content and viability. Applying ultrasonic aspirates, we detected massive infiltration of @entity404 + @entity403 + @entity2902 (high) CD127(low) regulatory T cells (Tregs) in @entity463 (n = 29) and metastatic @entity1313 (n = 20). No Treg accumulation was observed in @entity5 such as @entity1653 (n = 10) and @entity977 (n = 5). A significant Treg increase in blood was seen only in @entity1 with metastatic @entity1313 . Tregs in high-grade @entity5 exhibited an activated phenotype as indicated by decreased proliferation and elevated @entity4386 and @entity403 expression relative to blood Tregs. Functional analysis showed that the @entity5 -derived Tregs efficiently suppressed cytokine secretion and proliferation of autologous intratumoral lymphocytes. Most @entity5 -infiltrating Tregs were localized in close proximity to effector T cells, as visualized by immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, 61% of the malignant @entity1313 expressed @entity4634 ( @entity4634 ), while the inhibitory @entity8395 receptor was expressed on @entity404 + effector cells present in 26% of @entity5 . In conclusion, using @entity5 aspirates as a biosource we identified Tregs and the @entity4634 / @entity8395 pathway as immune suppressive mechanisms in malignant but not benign @entity1 @entity1313 .

title: Regulatory T cells and the XXXX / @entity8395 pathway mediate immune suppression in malignant @entity1 @entity1313 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4634 :: ('29126', 'Gene') :: ['programmed death ligand-1', 'PD-L1']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['brain tumor', 'brain tumors']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'ultrasonic tumor', 'benign tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1653 :: ('MESH:D008579', 'Disease') :: ['meningiomas']

entities_list: @entity977 :: ('MESH:D010911', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary adenomas']

entities_list: @entity463 :: ('MESH:D005909', 'Disease') :: ['glioblastomas']

answer: @entity4634 :: (29126,Gene) :: ['PD-L1']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Virtual colonoscopy is a new method of imaging the colon in which thin-section, helical computed tomography (CT) is used to generate high-resolution, two-dimensional axial images. Three-dimensional images of the colon simulating those obtained with conventional colonoscopy are then reconstructed off-line. We compared the performance of virtual and conventional colonoscopy for the detection of @entity1127 . METHODS: We prospectively studied 100 @entity1 at high risk for @entity14 (60 @entity1 and 40 @entity1 ; mean age, 62 years). We performed virtual colonoscopy immediately before conventional colonoscopy. We inserted a rectal tube and insufflated the colon with air to the maximal level that the @entity1 could tolerate. We administered 1 mg of glucagon intravenously immediately before CT scanning to minimize the degree of smooth-muscle @entity2473 and peristalsis and to reduce the @entity1 's discomfort. RESULTS: The entire colon was clearly seen by virtual colonoscopy in 87 @entity1 and by conventional colonoscopy in 89. Fifty-one @entity1 had normal findings on conventional colonoscopy. In the other 49, we identified a total of 115 @entity1127 and 3 @entity189 . Virtual colonoscopy identified all 3 @entity5 , 20 of 22 @entity1127 that were 10 mm or more in diameter (91 percent), 33 of 40 that were 6 to 9 mm (82 percent), and 29 of 53 that were 5 mm or smaller (55 percent). There were 19 false positive findings of @entity1127 and no false positive findings of @entity5 . Of the 69 @entity6523 , 46 of the 51 that were 6 mm or more in diameter (90 percent) and 12 of the 18 that were 5 mm or smaller (67 percent) were correctly identified by virtual colonoscopy. Although discomfort was not specifically recorded, none of the @entity1 requested that virtual colonoscopy be stopped because of discomfort or @entity158 . CONCLUSIONS: In a group of @entity1 at high risk for @entity14 , virtual and conventional colonoscopy had similar efficacy for the detection of @entity1127 that were 6 mm or more in diameter.

title: A comparison of virtual and conventional colonoscopy for the detection of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1127 :: ('MESH:D011127', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal polyps', 'polyps']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity6523 :: ('MESH:D018256', 'Disease') :: ['adenomatous polyps']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal neoplasia']

answer: @entity1127 :: (MESH:D011127,Disease) :: ['colorectal polyps']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Our goal was to compare MRI with pathologic findings in @entity1 with @entity358 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 22 consecutive @entity1 who had MRI and lung biopsy performed within 21 days (median 4 days). Fifteen @entity1 had open lung biopsy: five with @entity2416 , three with @entity7448 , and seven with miscellaneous conditions. Seven @entity1 had transbronchial biopsy: four with @entity370 and three with miscellaneous conditions. All @entity1 had 1.5 T MRI with cardiac-gated T1-, proton density-, and T2-weighted SE sequences. RESULTS: The predominant patterns of abnormality seen on MR included parenchymal opacification (n = 12), parenchymal opacification and reticulation (n = 2), reticulation (n = 3), nodularity (n = 3), and interlobular septal thickening (n = 1); normal findings were found in 1. The 14 @entity1 with parenchymal opacification included 9 with ground-glass intensity and 5 with consolidation. In 12 of these 14 @entity1 the parenchymal opacification represented an active inflammatory process including @entity3794 , @entity55 , and @entity32 , while in 2 @entity1 it represented @entity82 . Reticulation was shown to represent @entity82 in five of five cases. The three @entity1 with nodules had @entity370 . CONCLUSION: The MR findings correlate closely with those seen on lung biopsy. Parenchymal opacification on MR usually indicates the presence of potentially reversible disease, while reticulation usually indicates irreversible @entity82 .

title: MRI of XXXX : comparison with pathologic findings.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['granulomatous inflammation']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity3794 :: ('MESH:D011658', 'Disease') :: ['alveolitis']

entities_list: @entity2416 :: ('MESH:D054990', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['chronic infiltrative lung disease']

entities_list: @entity7448 :: ('MESH:D000542', 'Disease') :: ['extrinsic allergic alveolitis']

entities_list: @entity370 :: ('MESH:D012507', 'Disease') :: ['sarcoidosis']

answer: @entity358 :: (MESH:D008171,Disease) :: ['infiltrative lung disease']


abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of immunohistochemistry with monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) in detecting residual blast cells in testicular biopsies from @entity1 with @entity981 ( @entity981 ). In a prospective study of 26 @entity1 , testicular biopsies were performed after completion of therapy, and the average follow-up after biopsies was 29 months. After immunostaining, seven @entity1 with negative biopsies on routine histology showed scattered, strongly calla-positive cells as well as cells reacting with anti-B ( @entity10317 ) MoAb. Among these seven @entity1 with residual blast cells, four had relapsed either in @entity1062 (n = 1), bone marrow and @entity1062 (n = 1), or in the bone marrow (n = 2). In contrast, among the 15 @entity1 without residual blast cells, all but 1 remained in complete remission. In four other cases no definite conclusion was possible after immunohistochemical study. Four testicular biopsies from @entity1 with occult infiltration were used as positive controls. Negative controls consisted of testicular biopsies from @entity1 with @entity10523 and postmortem testicular tissue specimens. Results suggest that the risk of relapse is significantly higher in @entity1 with positive immunohistochemical findings indicating persistent residual blast cells. However, the predictive value of these findings requires confirmation on a larger number of cases to have therapeutic implications.

title: Immunohistochemical detection of post-therapy residual testicular lymphoblasts in childhood XXXX ( @entity981 ).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity10523 :: ('MESH:D013733', 'Disease') :: ['testicular ectopia']

entities_list: @entity981 :: ('MESH:D054198', 'Disease') :: ['ALL', 'acute lymphoblastic leukemia']

answer: @entity981 :: (MESH:D054198,Disease) :: ['acute lymphoblastic leukemia']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity2332 ( @entity2332 ) improves neurological outcome in adults after ventricular fibrillation @entity1167 and in neonates with @entity519 ischemic @entity75 . The effect of @entity2332 in @entity1 is under investigation. OBJECTIVES: To assess the feasibility, efficacy and safety of a pilot program of @entity2332 in pediatric @entity1167 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: Prospective study in a pediatric intensive care unit. An external cooling method with a servo system was used on all @entity1 according to an established protocol. Values expressed as median (IQ range). RESULTS: Six @entity1 were included, of whom 5 had an out of hospital @entity1167 . The mean age was 33 months (16-120) and Glasgow @entity772 scale 6 (4-7). The T   prior to the induction of @entity2332 was 39.2   C (39.1-39.4). The median T   used was 34.0   C (33.5-34.8   C), which was reached in 4h. (3-7) after the start and maintained for 48h. (45-54). The rewarming was carried out over a period of 14h. (12-16). @entity1371 was the most common adverse event found. Five @entity1 survived to hospital discharge with a Glasgow @entity772 Scale of 13 (11-14). At 6 months follow up the Pediatric Cerebral Performance Category score was  <= 2 in three @entity1 . CONCLUSION: In this pilot study, the use of mild @entity2332 with a protocol that included rapid sequence induction with an external surface cooling technique was feasible, effective and safe in @entity1 with @entity1167 .

title: [ @entity2332 after pediatric XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['encephalopathy']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrest']

entities_list: @entity1371 :: ('MESH:D007008', 'Disease') :: ['Hypokalemia']

entities_list: @entity2332 :: ('MESH:D007035', 'Disease') :: ['Therapeutic hypothermia', 'TH', 'therapeutic hypothermia']

answer: @entity1167 :: (MESH:D006323,Disease) :: ['cardiac arrest']


abstract: From 1989 to 1998, 129 @entity1 underwent surgery for unspecific @entity1512 in the Department of Orthopedics of the Free University of Berlin. Fifty-six of them were followed up, and their clinical and radiological results were evaluated in this study. The surgical results of 40 @entity1 with only ventral removal of a focus and defect coverage with an iliac crest graft were compared to those of 16 with additional dorsal bridging instrumentation by internal fixation. A mean of 2.3 vertebrae were fused in ventral spondylodesis; the mean length of dorsal instrumentation by internal fixation was 3.8 vertebrae. @entity1 were followed up a mean of 5.1 years after surgery. The mean age of @entity1 was 57.1 years at the time of surgery. @entity1 were postoperatively mobilized a mean of 5 days after ventrodorsal fusion. A purely ventral procedure required a mean postoperative immobilization period of 3.6 weeks and brace fitting of a mean 8.2 months. There was one case of recurrent @entity1512 25 months postoperatively, which made a revision of the focus necessary. The consolidation rate of the ventral spondylodesis was 84-100% in the different subgroups. A differential view of the spinal areas and ventral fusion segments was used to make a statement about the development of the sagittal spine profile. The segmental position of the spine in the sagittal plane was assessed by comparing the segmental @entity1513 angles to normal values in the literature. All subgroups submitted to combined ventrodorsal fusion had a greater preoperative segmental @entity1513 angle than those undergoing ventral fusion alone. In marked segmental kyphotic false positioning, the combined ventrodorsal procedure achieved good postoperative repositioning results, and an increase in segmental @entity1513 was prevented. Ventral removal of a focus and bone graft spondylodesis seem to be adequate in single-level @entity1512 especially in the lumbar spine, but additional dorsal instrumentation should be performed in the case of long ventral fusion.

title: [Alignment of the sagittal profile after surgical therapy of nonspecific XXXX : ventral or ventrodorsal method--a comparison of outcomes].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1512 :: ('MESH:D015299', 'Disease') :: ['spondylodiscitis', 'spondylodiskitis']

answer: @entity1512 :: (MESH:D015299,Disease) :: ['destructive spondylodiscitis']


abstract: CONTEXT: Fatigue has been identified in more than one-half of @entity1 with @entity370 . Although @entity1295 is not synonymous with impaired quality of life, most studies of @entity370 identify @entity1295 as a major cause of impaired quality of life. OBJECTIVES: To test the hypothesis that stimulants may have a role in the treatment of fatigued @entity370 @entity1 , even without objective evidence of @entity25 . METHODS: This was a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study of @entity370 @entity1 followed up in one @entity370 clinic @entity370 @entity1 with @entity1295 received either @entity2728 or placebo with eight weeks of therapy for each arm and a two week washout period before crossover to the other treatment. Initial @entity2728 dose was 150mg and increased to 250mg after four weeks. @entity1 underwent polysomnography and multiple sleep latency testing (MSLT) the following day. @entity1 with an @entity386 / @entity387 index <6/hour received either @entity2728 or placebo. Polysomnography with MSLT was repeated after each treatment arm. RESULTS: Fifteen @entity1 received the study drug. Fatigue was assessed using the Fatigue Assessment Scale (the lower the score, the less the @entity1295 ) and the Functional Assessment of @entity102 Therapy-Fatigue (FACIT-F) (the higher the score, the less the @entity1295 ). After eight weeks of therapy, there was a significant improvement in the Fatigue Assessment Scale during @entity2728 treatment (median -4.5, range -20, 5) compared with placebo treatment (median 3.5, range -9, 14, P<0.05) and for the FACIT-F ( @entity2728 : median 9, range -12, 26 vs. placebo: median -5, range -17, 11, P<0.005). This improvement in @entity1295 was seen for both those with and without shortened sleep onset latency time during the MSLT. CONCLUSION: @entity2728 treatment led to a significant reduction in @entity1295 in @entity370 @entity1 . This effect was seen even in @entity1 who did not have excessive daytime somnolence.

title: @entity2728 for XXXX -associated @entity1295 : a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial.

entities_list: @entity387 :: ('MESH:D012891', 'Disease') :: ['hypopnea']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic Illness']

entities_list: @entity2728 :: ('MESH:C048833', 'Chemical') :: ['armodafinil', 'Armodafinil']

entities_list: @entity370 :: ('MESH:D012507', 'Disease') :: ['sarcoidosis', 'Sarcoidosis']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['daytime sleepiness']

answer: @entity370 :: (MESH:D012507,Disease) :: ['sarcoidosis']


abstract: PURPOSE: Accurate imaging is essential for correct operative planning and successful surgical intervention in @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ). Our objective was the comparison of color duplex sonography with spiral computed tomography (CT) and surgical-pathological findings in the evaluation of renal masses to determine @entity5 localization, size, @entity5 thrombus extent and lymph node @entity3 . METHODS: We evaluated 60 @entity1 with a renal mass in a prospective study. Both color duplex sonography and CT were performed by different investigators without knowledge of the supposed diagnosis. The color Doppler findings were compared to CT and surgical pathological findings. RESULTS: The sensitivity of color duplex sonography in the detection of @entity1358 and lymph node @entity3 is comparable to that of CT (100%). Color duplex sonography was superior in the detection of renal vein involvement. Color duplex sonography alone allowed correct planning of the surgical procedure without intraoperative changes in all @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Duplex sonography provides exactly the same information as CT. Although duplex sonography is less expensive with lower exposure to radiation, most surgeons will still probably demand CT for diagnosis, especially as this method is unerring and duplex sonography highly depends on the expertise of the @entity1 using it.

title: Color Duplex sonography vs. computed tomography: accuracy in the preoperative evaluation of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'person']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['renal cell carcinoma', 'RCC']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

answer: @entity1358 :: (MESH:D002292,Disease) :: ['renal cell carcinoma']


abstract: Pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as @entity650 ( @entity650 ), have been implicated in the underlying processes contributing to sleep regulation and @entity1295 . Despite evidence for @entity25 , @entity1295 , and elevations in @entity650 among @entity1 with @entity43 , the association between these symptoms and @entity650 has not been investigated. To address this knowledge gap, we examined relationships between @entity25 , @entity1295 , and plasma @entity650 in 136 @entity1 with @entity43 prior to surgery. These relationships were also examined in 63 of these @entity1 who were disease-free and not receiving chemotherapy one year post-diagnosis. At both time-points, higher levels of @entity650 were significantly associated with @entity25 (p<0.05), controlling for potentially confounding biological and psychosocial covariates. Higher @entity650 was significantly associated with @entity1295 prior to surgery (p<0.05); however, when @entity25 was included in the model, the relationship was no longer significant. @entity650 was not significantly associated with @entity1295 at one year. Changes in sleep over time were significantly associated with percent change in @entity650 from pre-surgery to one year, adjusting for covariates (p<0.05). These findings support a direct association of @entity650 with @entity25 in this population, whereas the relationship between @entity650 and @entity1295 prior to surgery may be mediated by poor sleep. As this study is the first to examine cytokine contributions to @entity25 in @entity43 , further research is warranted to clarify the role of biological correlates of @entity25 in this population.

title: @entity25 , cytokines, and XXXX in @entity1 with @entity43 .

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['sleep and fatigue', 'sleep disturbances', 'sleep difficulties', 'sleep disturbance']

answer: @entity1295 :: (MESH:D005221,Disease) :: ['fatigue']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the dosimetric characteristics for protection of the hippocampus between dual arc VMAT (volumetric modulated arc therapy) and 7 fields intensity-modulated radiation therapy (7F-IMRT) for @entity1 with brain metastases from @entity2 under the whole brain radiotherapy. METHODS: Based on ten cases with brain metastases from @entity2 , two types of radiotherapy plans were designed, namely, dual arc VMAT and 7F-IMRT. Provided that the clinical requirements were satisfied, the comparisons of target dose distribution, conformity index (CI), homogeneity index (HI), dose of organs at risk (OARs), monitor units (MU) and treatment time between dual arc VMAT and 7F-IMRT were investigated for their dosimetric difference. RESULTS: Both treatment plans met the requirements of clinical treatments. However, the @entity343 -HA conformity and homogeneity of dual arc VMAT were superior to those of 7F-IMRT (P<0.05). As to OARs, the mean maximum doses (Dmax) of hippocampus, eyes and optic nerves in the dual arc VMAT plan were all lower than those in 7F-IMRT plan (P<0.05), but the result had no statistical significance (P<0.05) for the maximum dose of lens. Compared with 7F-IMRT, dual arc VMAT reduced the average number of MU by 67% and the average treatment time by 74%. Therefore, treatment time was shortened by dual arc VMAT. CONCLUSION: With regards to the @entity1 with brain metastases from @entity2 under the whole brain radiotherapy, the @entity343 -HA conformity and homogeneity of dual arc VMAT were superior to those of 7F-IMRT under the precise of meeting the clinical requirements. In addition, dual arc VMAT remarkably reduced the irradiation dose to OARs (hippocampus, eyes and optic nerves), MU and treatment time, as well, guaranteed @entity1 with better protection.

title: Comparison between Dual Arc VMAT and 7F-IMRT in the protection of hippocampus for XXXX during whole brain radiotherapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Loss of motion is common after intercondylar @entity174 of the distal humerus despite proper management. The purpose of the current study was to report the results of contracture release for stiffness that developed after open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) of distal humeral intercondylar @entity174 . METHODS: Twenty-four consecutive @entity1 with a stiff elbow after ORIF of intercondylar @entity174 (20 @entity1605 ) were managed with contracture release at a median of 13 months. The surgical indication was total arc of motion of less than 100   despite physical therapy for more than 6 months. Plates and screws for ORIF were removed concomitantly in 16 @entity1 . Each @entity1 was evaluated by final arc of motion and Mayo Elbow Performance Score (MEPS). RESULTS: The main lesions causing stiffness were @entity2736 or excessive callus in 13 @entity1 and capsular @entity82 in 11. The mean total range of motion (ROM) was improved from 60.2   preoperatively to 104.8   postoperatively. At the final follow-up, 17 of the 24 elbows (71.8%) obtained a total ROM of more than 100  . The mean MEPS improved from 69 points preoperatively to 87 points at the final follow-up (P < .05). Refracture occurred during ROM exercise in 4 @entity1 who had undergone concomitant implant removal during the contracture release. CONCLUSION: Surgical release of a stiff elbow that develops after ORIF of intercondylar @entity174 can result in satisfactory restoration of ROM in most @entity1 . However, potential risk of refracture after release should be considered when implants are concomitantly removed.

title: Surgical release of elbow stiffness after internal fixation of intercondylar XXXX of the distal humerus.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity1605 :: ('OMIM:217000', 'Disease') :: ['AO type C2 and 4 type C3 fractures']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'fracture']

entities_list: @entity2736 :: ('MESH:D009999', 'Disease') :: ['heterotopic ossification']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['fracture']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Surgery remains the standard for nonmetastatic @entity674 ( @entity674 ). Laparoscopic surgery should be considered for these @entity5 as their biologic behavior lends them to curative resection without requiring large margins or extensive lymphadenectomies. METHODS: A retrospective review was performed of @entity1 who underwent laparoscopic treatment of @entity674 by surgeons at the Mount Sinai Medical Center from 2000-2005. Records were reviewed with respect to @entity1 demographics, medical history, diagnostic workup, operative details, postoperative course, and pathologic characteristics. RESULTS: Laparoscopic surgery was attempted in 43 @entity1 with @entity674 . The average age was 65 years and 21 were @entity1 . Fifty-six percent of @entity1 presented with @entity417 or @entity360 . The @entity5 were located in the stomach (65%) and in the small bowel (35%). The mean @entity5 sizes were 4.6 cm (stomach) and 3.7 cm (small bowel). Gastric operations included laparoscopic wedge (29%), sleeve (21%), and partial (29%) gastrectomies. The three gastric conversions were due to local invasion of @entity5 into adjacent organs or proximity to the gastroesophageal junction. Small bowel operations included laparoscopic resections with extracorporeal (47%) and intracorporeal anastamoses (33%). Conversion in small bowel operations was associated with coincidental pathology in addition to the @entity677 . This consisted of an associated bowel perforation and a synchronous @entity694 . There was one mortality and a 9% morbidity rate, including an evisceration requiring reoperation. All @entity5 were pathologically confirmed with CD117 immunohistochemistry. CONCLUSIONS: In light of their biologic behavior, @entity674 should be considered for laparoscopic resection. This minimally invasive approach to these @entity5 can be performed safely and reliably.

title: Laparoscopic management of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity674 :: ('MESH:D046152', 'Disease') :: ['GISTs', 'gastrointestinal stromal tumors']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colonic carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal bleeding']

answer: @entity674 :: (MESH:D046152,Disease) :: ['gastrointestinal stromal tumors']


abstract: AIM: The management of @entity4570 ( @entity4570 ) is complex and challenging. We examined factors associated with @entity292 healing at a National Intestinal Failure Centre and devised the first scoring system to predict spontaneous @entity292 healing prior to surgery. METHOD: A retrospective audit of 177 @entity1 (mean age 48.7 years) treated over 7 years was undertaken. Results were compared with a previously reported series from this unit. Univariate and multivariate analyses wete performed on variables to assess relationship with @entity4570 healing. A scoring system was devised and validated on a prospective cohort. RESULTS: One-hundred and fifty @entity1 underwent surgery between January 2003 and December 2009. The overall healing rate following surgery in the current series was 94.6% (82% in the previous series). Mean delay from previous surgery to the current operation was 1 year (compared with 8 months previously). Thirty-day postfistula resection mortality was 0% (compared with 3.5% previously). Twenty-seven @entity1 underwent medical management alone with overall healing rate of 46.4% (vs 19.9%). Multivariate analysis revealed that comorbidity (P = 0.02), source of referral (P = 0.01) and aetiology (P = 0.006) had associations with healing. Almost all @entity1 with scores of 0 and 1 healed, whereas the highest scores healed least frequently. CONCLUSION: Surgical management of @entity4570 is safe and improving. @entity292 healing is affected by aetiology, comorbidity and source of referral. The scoring system has the potential to predict @entity4570 healing and can be a useful clinical decision-making tool.

title: Seven-year experience of enterocutaneous XXXX with univariate and multivariate analysis of factors associated with healing: development of a validated scoring system.

entities_list: @entity292 :: ('MESH:D005402', 'Disease') :: ['fistula', 'Fistula']

entities_list: @entity4570 :: ('MESH:D007412', 'Disease') :: ['enterocutaneous fistulae', 'ECF']

answer: @entity292 :: (MESH:D005402,Disease) :: ['fistula']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the host immunologic response to @entity46 in terms of @entity9371 ( @entity9371 ) expression by natural killer (NK) cells. DESIGN: Case-control study of immunologic markers. SETTING: University hospital. @entity1 (S): We compared cells from Japanese @entity1 with laparoscopically diagnosed @entity46 to cells from 40 @entity1 with other laparoscopic diagnoses. INTERVENTION(S): Peripheral venous blood sampling and laparoscopic peritoneal fluid collection. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Flow cytometry was used to assess expression of @entity9371 by NK cells in the cell samples. RESULT(S): The percentage of cells that expressed @entity16301 among NK ( @entity16301 (+)NK) cells in peritoneal fluid and peripheral blood was significantly higher in @entity1 with @entity46 than in controls. The proportion of @entity16301 (+)NK cells in peripheral blood NK cells before and 1 month after laparoscopic surgery did not differ significantly. CONCLUSION(S): The proportion of @entity16301 (+)NK cells was increased in peritoneal fluid and peripheral blood in @entity1 with @entity46 ; this difference is probably related to NK cell suppression in @entity46 . This increase in @entity16301 expression by NK cells may represent a risk factor in the pathogenesis of @entity46 .

title: Increased @entity9371 @entity16301 expression among natural killer cells in XXXX with pelvic endometriosis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'PATIENT']

entities_list: @entity9371 :: ('3805', 'Gene') :: ['killer inhibitory receptor', 'KIR']

entities_list: @entity46 :: ('MESH:D004715', 'Disease') :: ['endometriosis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: PURPOSE: To compare the efficacy and safety of @entity6058 0.5% ophthalmic solution with its vehicle in the treatment of @entity32 after @entity231 surgery and intraocular lens implantation. DESIGN: Multicenter clinical study. @entity1 : One hundred four @entity1 were prospectively randomized, 52 @entity1 in treatment group, 52 @entity1 in control group. METHODS: @entity1 received either @entity6058 or vehicle four times daily in the operated eye for 14 days starting the day after surgery in a prospective, double-masked, randomized, parallel group study. Only @entity1 with moderate or greater postoperative @entity32 the day after surgery were enrolled. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The main outcome measures include @entity32 (cell, flare, @entity1671 ), intraocular pressure and visual acuity. RESULTS: @entity6058 was significantly more effective than vehicle in reducing the manifestations of @entity86 , including: anterior chamber cells (P: = 0.002) and flare (P: = 0.009), conjunctival erythema (P: = 0.010), @entity1671 (P: = 0.022), @entity3917 (P: = 0.027), and @entity158 (P: = 0.043). Five times as many @entity1 were dropped from the study for lack of efficacy from the vehicle group (22/52) than from the @entity6058 group (4/52; P: = 0.001). @entity6058 was found to be equally as safe as vehicle in terms of adverse events, changes in visual acuity, intraocular pressure, and biomicroscopic and ophthalmoscopic variables. CONCLUSIONS: @entity6058 @entity8973 0.5% ophthalmic solution was significantly more effective than vehicle in the treatment of moderate or greater @entity32 following routine @entity231 surgery, while being as safe as vehicle.

title: Topical @entity6058 XXXX 0.5% ophthalmic solution in @entity32 after @entity231 surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation', 'ocular inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1671 :: ('MESH:D005483', 'Disease') :: ['ciliary flush']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

entities_list: @entity6058 :: ('MESH:D020910', 'Chemical') :: ['ketorolac', 'Ketorolac']

entities_list: @entity8973 :: ('MESH:D014325', 'Chemical') :: ['tromethamine']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative ocular inflammation']

entities_list: @entity3917 :: ('MESH:D020795', 'Disease') :: ['photophobia']

answer: @entity8973 :: (MESH:D014325,Chemical) :: ['tromethamine']


abstract: PURPOSE: We hypothesize that serum human @entity27656 ( @entity14958 ) levels predict the presence of @entity263 among @entity1 prescreened by @entity1486 (PSA). @entity1 AND METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 324 @entity1 who had no history of @entity263 and who were referred for prostate biopsy. PSA and @entity14958 levels were measured using specific nonisotopic immunometric techniques. Cases were @entity1 who were diagnosed with @entity420 of the prostate from biopsy, and controls were @entity1 who had no evidence of @entity5 from biopsy. The odds ratio for detection of @entity263 was determined for @entity14958 measurements, controlling for age, total-PSA level, digital rectal examination, and symptoms of @entity1876 . RESULTS: Of 324 @entity1 , 159 (49.1%) had @entity5 . Mean @entity14958 levels and @entity14958 :free-PSA ratios were significantly higher in cases than in controls (1.18 v 0.53 ng/mL, respectively, for @entity14958 , P =.0001; 1.17 v 0.62 for @entity14958 :free-PSA ratio, P =.0001). The crude odds ratio for @entity263 detection for @entity1 in the highest quartile of @entity14958 level was 5.83 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.8 to 12.1; P =.0001) compared with @entity1 in the lowest quartile. The adjusted odds ratio was 6.72 (95% CI, 2.9 to 15.6; P =.0001). Similarly, the crude and adjusted odds ratios for @entity263 detection using the @entity14958 :free-PSA ratio were 7.36 (95% CI, 3.6 to 15.1; P =.0001) and 8.06 (95% CI, 3. 7 to 17.4; P =.0001), respectively. These odds ratios were higher than that observed for @entity263 detection by total-PSA level (2.73; P =.03). CONCLUSION: Among @entity1 prescreened with PSA for @entity263 , @entity1 with high @entity14958 measurements have a five- to eight-fold increase in risk for @entity263 , adjusting for PSA level and other established risk factors. @entity14958 measurements may be a useful adjunct to PSA in improving @entity1 selection for prostate biopsy.

title: Serum human @entity27656 protease levels predict the presence of @entity263 among @entity1 with elevated XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS', 'men']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity27656 :: ('3817', 'Gene') :: ['glandular kallikrein-2']

entities_list: @entity1876 :: ('MESH:D001748', 'Disease') :: ['urinary obstruction']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1486 :: ('354', 'Gene') :: ['prostate-specific antigen']

answer: @entity1486 :: (354,Gene) :: ['prostate-specific antigen']


abstract: The development of inhibitors against administered clotting factors may render replacement therapy ineffective for some @entity447 @entity1 . Such @entity1 are therefore at the highest risk of developing @entity2720 . Elective orthopedic surgery (EOS) in hemophilic @entity1 having such inhibitors remains a rare, expensive, and difficult surgery, whose management represents a significant challenge. We report the case of a 35-year-old @entity1 with a severe form of @entity447 (factor VIII < 1%), who was suffering from repetitive spontaneous @entity5631 , especially in his knee joints that had consequently become more susceptible to @entity548 . The @entity1 had a history of high levels of factor VIII inhibitor (> 5.0 Bethesda Unit [BU]/ml) as shown by the factor VIII inhibitor assay; therefore, we began treatment with factor VIIa for his mild-to-moderate @entity548 (90   g/kg intravenous bolus injections). The interval between injections varied with the severity of the @entity548 in each @entity548 episode. The inhibitor level reduced to 3.1 BU/ml after three months, to 1.6 BU/ml after six months, and disappeared completely after one year of treatment. We administered factor VIII at a dose of 50 IU/kg every eight hours during the first three post-operative days, then continued administration with a dose of 40 IU/kg every 12 hours for another four days, and observed a very good response to treatment with no @entity548 . Recombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa) is not an inhibitor-removal strategy, but an inhibitor-bypassing product. However, in our @entity1 , the treatment of mild-to-moderate @entity548 with short-term use of rFVIIa and no exposure to factor VIII caused a gradual reduction in the inhibitor level over a period of 1 year.

title: Successful management of total knee replacement in a high responder @entity447 XXXX with a history of inhibitor.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage', 'bleeding']

entities_list: @entity447 :: ('MESH:D006467', 'Disease') :: ['hemophilia', 'hemophilia A']

entities_list: @entity2720 :: ('MESH:D007592', 'Disease') :: ['arthropathy']

entities_list: @entity5631 :: ('MESH:D006395', 'Disease') :: ['hemarthrosis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Subjects with @entity2175 ( @entity2175 ) and their relatives (REL) carry an increased risk of @entity65 ( @entity65 ). @entity32 , an independent risk factor for @entity65 , is modifiable by diet. Subjects with @entity2175 show elevated postprandial inflammatory responses to fat-rich meals, while information on postprandial @entity32 in REL is sparse. AIM: To clarify whether medium-chain @entity1718 ( @entity10194 ) and @entity6221 ( @entity8981 ) have differential acute effects on low-grade @entity32 in REL compared to controls (CON). METHODS: In randomized order, 17 REL and 17 CON ingested two fat-rich meals, with 72 energy percent from @entity8981 and 79 energy percent from mainly medium-chain @entity10194 , respectively. Plasma high sensitivity @entity1851 (hs-CRP), @entity650 ( @entity650 ), adiponectin, and leptin were measured at baseline, 15 min, 60 min, and 240 min postprandially. Muscle and adipose tissue biopsies were taken at baseline and 210 min after the test meal, and expression of selected genes was analyzed. RESULTS: Plasma @entity650 increased (p < 0.001) without difference between REL and CON and between the meals, whereas plasma adiponectin and plasma hs-CRP were unchanged during the 240 min observation period. Plasma leptin decreased slightly in response to medium-chain @entity10194 in both groups, and to @entity8981 in REL. Several genes were differentially regulated in muscle and adipose tissue of REL and CON. CONCLUSIONS: @entity8981 and medium-chain @entity10194 elicit similar postprandial circulating inflammatory responses in REL and CON. Medium-chain @entity10194 seems more proinflammatory than @entity8981 , judged by the gene expression in muscle and adipose tissue of REL and CON.

title: Acute effects of dietary fat on inflammatory markers and gene expression in first-degree relatives of XXXX patients.

entities_list: @entity2175 :: ('MESH:D003924', 'Disease') :: ['type 2 diabetes', 'T2D']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['Low-grade inflammation', 'inflammation']

entities_list: @entity6221 :: ('MESH:D005229', 'Chemical') :: ['monounsaturated fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['saturated fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['CVD', 'cardiovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

answer: @entity2175 :: (MESH:D003924,Disease) :: ['type 2 diabetes']


abstract: @entity11440 is primarily indicated for the treatment of @entity2182 ( @entity2182 ). It remains the most widely prescribed compound for @entity2182 in the world. @entity2182 is defined as the presence of urinary urgency, usually accompanied by daytime urinary frequency and @entity2183 , with or without urgency urinary incontinence, in the absence of @entity281 or other identifiable etiology. This is a significant problem for @entity1 and @entity1 said to affect over 33 million adults in the USA, with the prevalence increasing with age. These symptoms can alter quality of life, with both physical and @entity73 , as well as cause significant financial burden including the cost of sanitary supplies and decreased work productivity. Both pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods may be employed to aid in the treatment of @entity2182 . The mainstay of treatment for @entity2182 relies on pharmacological management, most specifically treatment with antimuscarinic medications. These medications are thought to prevent @entity1494 and/or urgency by inhibiting the muscarinic receptors within the urothelium and detrusor muscle. Currently, there are six different medications approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of @entity2182 , with more than nine formulations including immediate- and extended-release tablets, transdermal patch and gel, vaginal ring, and suppository. This review will focus specifically on @entity11440 , which has been used to treat @entity2182 for four decades in numerous formulations.

title: XXXX : past, present, and future.

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['involuntary bladder contractions']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['psychological impairment']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity11440 :: ('MESH:C005419', 'Chemical') :: ['oxybutynin chloride', 'Oxybutynin chloride']

entities_list: @entity2182 :: ('MESH:D053201', 'Disease') :: ['overactive bladder syndrome', 'OAB']

answer: @entity11440 :: (MESH:C005419,Chemical) :: ['Oxybutynin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The effects of @entity10438 and @entity5023 on the @entity2339 were compared when administered from combination @entity4185 ( @entity4185 ) products. METHODS: In a randomized, open-label, placebo-controlled, parallel group study, 66 @entity1 with mild to moderate @entity565 received one of the following four treatments bid through an @entity4185 for 42 days: @entity10438 / @entity6410 (MF/F) 200  g/10  g, MF/F 400  g/10  g, @entity5023 / @entity10453 (FP/S) 460  g/42  g, or placebo. Plasma @entity701 concentrations were measured over 24 h on days -1 (baseline) and 42. Geometric mean ratio (GMR) and 90% CI for mean change from baseline to day 42 in 24-h plasma @entity701 area under the curve (AUC) were calculated for each treatment. If the 90% CI for the GMRs fell within 70% to 143%, treatments were deemed comparable. RESULTS: Mean baseline @entity701 AUCs were similar across groups. Mean @entity701 effects (change from baseline) were similar for MF/F 400  g/10  g and FP/S 460  g/42  g (GMR, 119%; 90% CI, 101%-140%). Effects of MF/F 200  g/10  g on @entity701 AUC were similar to placebo (GMR, 92%; 90% CI, 78%-110%), whereas MF/F 400  g/10  g and FP/S 460  g/42  g lowered @entity701 AUC vs placebo (GMR, 78% [90% CI, 66%-92%] and 66% [90% CI 56%-78%], respectively). All treatments were generally well tolerated. CONCLUSIONS: MF/F 400  g/10  g or FP/S 460  g/42  g bid through an @entity4185 led to similar reductions from baseline in mean @entity701 AUC (22% and 34% lower than placebo, respectively), whereas the effect of MF/F 200  g/10  g was similar to placebo.

title: XXXX effects of @entity10438 / @entity6410 vs @entity5023 / @entity10453 administered through @entity4185 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4185 :: ('MESH:D058545', 'Disease') :: ['MDI', 'metered-dose inhaler']

entities_list: @entity2339 :: ('MESH:D007029', 'Disease') :: ['hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity10453 :: ('MESH:C057823', 'Chemical') :: ['salmeterol']

entities_list: @entity6410 :: ('MESH:C012629', 'Chemical') :: ['formoterol']

entities_list: @entity5023 :: ('MESH:C065382', 'Chemical') :: ['fluticasone propionate']

entities_list: @entity10438 :: ('MESH:C053915', 'Chemical') :: ['mometasone furoate']

answer: @entity2339 :: (MESH:D007029,Disease) :: ['Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Previous studies have suggested that a thin or eroded cortex of the mandible detected on dental panoramic radiographs is associated with low vertebral @entity79 ( @entity79 ) or @entity170 . However, those studies did not estimate the multivariate-adjusted risk for low @entity79 or @entity170 associated with alterations of the mandible. METHODS: @entity79 of the lumbar vertebrae (L2-L4) was compared among quartiles of cortical width and among three cortical shape categories in 450 post-menopausal @entity1 (mean age, 57.2 years), adjusted for potential confounders. The odds ratios for low @entity79 or @entity170 according to cortical width and shape were also calculated. RESULTS: Significant associations were found between cortical width and shape, and @entity79 . The odds ratios for low @entity79 associated with the second, third and lowermost quartiles of cortical width were 1.71 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.96-3.05), 2.30 (95% CI, 1.29-4.11) and 5.43 (95% CI, 2.16-10.71), respectively, compared with the uppermost quartile. The odds ratios for @entity170 according to cortical width category were similar to those for low @entity79 . The odds ratios for low @entity79 associated with mildly to moderately and severely eroded cortices were 3.85 (95% CI, 2.37-6.25) and 7.84 (95% CI, 2.57-23.90), respectively, compared with normal cortex. The odds ratios for @entity170 associated with mildly to moderately and severely eroded cortices were 4.73 (95% CI, 2.54-8.80) and 14.73 (95% CI, 6.14-35.47), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Post-menopausal @entity1 with alterations of the mandible may have an increased risk for low @entity79 or @entity170 .

title: Risk of XXXX in post-menopausal @entity1 with alterations of the mandible.

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['vertebral BMD', 'bone mineral density', 'BMD']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis']

answer: @entity170 :: (MESH:D010024,Disease) :: ['vertebral osteoporosis']


abstract: AIM: To provide efficacy and safety data about the combined use of radiotherapy and chemo-radiotherapy in @entity189 ( @entity189 ). METHODS: We reviewed data of 40 @entity1 with locally advanced @entity189 treated with induction chemotherapy followed by concomitant chemo-radiotherapy (CCRT) (22/40 @entity1 ) or CCRT alone (18/40) from March 2006 to March 2012. @entity1 underwent fiberoscopy with biopsy of the primitive @entity5 , and computed tomography scan of head, neck, chest and abdomen with and without contrast. @entity900 was used both as induction and as concomitant chemotherapy, while 3D conformal radiation therapy was delivered to the nasopharynx and relevant anatomic regions (total dose, 70 Gy). The treatment was performed using 6 MV photons of the linear accelerator administered in 2 Gy daily fraction for five days weekly. This retrospective analysis was approved by the review boards of the participating institutions. @entity1 gave their consent to treatment and to anonymous analysis of clinical data. RESULTS: Thirty-three @entity1 were males and 7 were females. Median follow-up time was 58 mo (range, 1-92 mo). In the sub-group of twenty @entity1 with a follow-up time longer than 36 mo, the 3-year survival and disease free survival rates were 85% and 75%, respectively. Overall response rate both in @entity1 treated with induction chemotherapy followed by CCRT and in those treated with CCRT alone was 100%. Grade 3 @entity1398 was the most frequent acute side-effect and it occurred in 20 @entity1 . Grade 2 @entity33 was seen in 29 @entity1 , while grade 2 @entity2133 was seen in 30 @entity1 . Overall @entity137 was manageable and it did not cause any significant treatment delay. In the whole sample population, long term @entity137 included grade 2 @entity2133 in 22 @entity1 , grade 1 @entity2342 in 17 @entity1 and grade 1 subcutaneous @entity82 in 30 @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Both CCRT and induction chemotherapy followed by CCRT showed excellent activity in locally advanced @entity189 . The role of adjuvant chemotherapy remains to be defined.

title: Combined chemo-radiotherapy in locally advanced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity2133 :: ('MESH:D014987', 'Disease') :: ['xerostomia']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['Cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['mucositis']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['nasopharyngeal carcinoma', 'NPC']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity2342 :: ('MESH:D004408', 'Disease') :: ['dysgeusia']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['nasopharyngeal carcinomas']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy of hemodialysis during cardiopulmonary resuscitation as an effective adjunct to the treatment of severe @entity4144 . DESIGN: A prospective study. SETTING: In hospital dialysis units and intensive care units. @entity1 : @entity177 @entity1 who developed @entity4144 induced @entity1167 and failed to recover from conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) were included. Three @entity1 entered into this study: 2 @entity1 with @entity177 maintained on regular hemodialysis and one with @entity810 who suffered from severe @entity4144 . INTERVENTIONS: All three @entity1 developed @entity1167 @entity1167 with unrecordable blood pressure due to severe @entity4144 . Aggressive CPR together with intravenous @entity1425 , @entity4388 and @entity12374 were instituted. External cardiac massage with @entity299 was unable to restore spontaneous heart action. After lack or response to intensive resuscitation, hemodialysis was performed concomitant with CPR to eliminate the @entity972 load. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: Sinus rhythm and blood pressure were restored in all 3 @entity1 but one of them eventually succumbed to her underlying disease. CONCLUSION: Hemodialysis during CPR is probably an effective adjunct to the treatment of severe @entity4144 in @entity1 with severe hemodynamic compromise and @entity1167 @entity1167 .

title: Outcomes of severe XXXX in cardiopulmonary resuscitation with concomitant hemodialysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity4388 :: ('MESH:D017693', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium bicarbonate']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

entities_list: @entity1425 :: ('MESH:D004837', 'Chemical') :: ['epinephrine']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac defibrillation']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['chronic renal failure', 'Renal failure']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['acute renal failure']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrest', 'asystolic']

entities_list: @entity12374 :: ('MESH:D002122', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium chloride']

entities_list: @entity4144 :: ('MESH:D006947', 'Disease') :: ['hyperkalemia']

answer: @entity4144 :: (MESH:D006947,Disease) :: ['hyperkalemia']


abstract: The Committee on Chronotherapeutics, delegated by the International Society for @entity1316 (ISAD), makes the following recommendations after reviewing the evidence as of November 2004. (1) Wake therapy is the most rapid antidepressant available today: approximately 60% of @entity1 , independent of diagnostic subtype, respond with marked improvement within hours. Treatment can be a single or repeated @entity1949 , total (all night) or partial (second half of the night). Relapse can be prevented by daily light therapy, concomitant administration of SSRIs, @entity1091 (for @entity162 @entity1 ), or a short phase advance of sleep over 3 days following a single night of wake therapy. Combinations of these interventions show great promise. (2) Light therapy is effective for @entity308 --not only for the seasonal subtype. As an adjuvant to conventional antidepressants in unipolar @entity1 , or @entity1091 in @entity162 @entity1 , morning light hastens and potentiates the antidepressant response. Light therapy shows benefit even for @entity1 with chronic @entity308 of 2 years or more, outperforming their weak response to drugs. This method provides a viable alternative for @entity1 who refuse, resist or cannot tolerate medication, or for whom drugs may be contraindicated, as in antepartum @entity308 . (3) Given the urgent need for new strategies to treat @entity1 with @entity308 , clinical trials of wake therapy and/or adjuvant light therapy, coupled with follow-up studies of long-term recurrence, are a high priority.

title: Chronotherapeutics (light and wake therapy) in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1949 :: ('MESH:D012892', 'Disease') :: ['sleep deprivation']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression', 'major depression', 'residual depressive symptoms']

entities_list: @entity1316 :: ('MESH:D019964', 'Disease') :: ['Affective Disorders']

answer: @entity1316 :: (MESH:D019964,Disease) :: ['affective disorders']


abstract: A 67-year-old male visited a hospital with a complaint of right @entity812 . A computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a right @entity703 , lymphadenopathy, and a @entity5 . Right radical nephrectomy, lymph node dissection, and splenectomy were performed. Histological examination of the @entity703 and lymph node revealed @entity4153 . A dilated renal pelvis was focally covered with transitional cell @entity189 grade 2. @entity5 revealed a mixture of small cell and giant cell @entity189 . Immunostaining for @entity3508 and cytokeratin were positive. He received 2 courses of adjuvant chemotherapy with @entity900 and @entity2879 . The @entity1 is alive for 10 months after surgery and free of @entity189 . This is the 10th case of @entity1358 reported in Japan. The clinical features and managements of these rare @entity5 are discussed.

title: [A case of small cell XXXX ; solitary splenic metastasis].

entities_list: @entity4153 :: ('MESH:D018288', 'Disease') :: ['small cell anaplastic carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['splenic tumor', 'Splenic tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity812 :: ('MESH:D021501', 'Disease') :: ['flank pain']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma', 'anaplastic carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity2879 :: ('MESH:D005047', 'Chemical') :: ['etoposide']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['renal small cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity703 :: ('MESH:D007680', 'Disease') :: ['renal tumor']

answer: @entity703 :: (MESH:D007680,Disease) :: ['carcinoma of kidney']


abstract: With the exception of parturition and lactation, male California deer @entity19 (Peromyscus californicus) exhibit the same parental responses toward offspring as conspecific females. A closely related species, Peromyscus maniculatus, however, rarely exhibits paternal responses. In the current study, a comparative species approach was used to assess paternal responses in both Peromyscus species with varying levels of paternal experience (biological fathers, pup-exposed virgins, and pup-na  ve virgins). Of special interest was the persistence of the males to direct their attention toward a distressed pup housed in a small enclosure (i.e., a barrier existed between males and pups). In addition to pup-directed responses, non-pup-directed responses such as grooming, resting and jumping were recorded. Subsequently, all animals' brains were assessed for @entity9830 -immunoreactivity (ir) in several areas previously associated with the paternal brain circuit. Overall, P. californicus exhibited more pup-directed responses as well as less @entity9830 -ir in brain areas involved in emotional integration and processing such as the insula and anterior cingulate. In addition to increased activation of emotional regulatory areas, P. maniculatus males, observed to direct their behavior away from the pup, exhibited higher @entity9830 -ir in the nucleus accumbens (involved in goal acquisition), perhaps due to a heightened motivation to avoid the pups. Interestingly, experience with pups altered the lateral septum and amygdala activation of P. maniculatus to levels similar to P. californicus biological fathers. Finally, @entity9830 -ir was increased in the medial preoptic area, involved in the maintenance of maternal behavior, in the biological fathers of both species. Thus, although biological predispositions toward pup-directed behaviors were observed in P. californicus males, evidence of a few shifts toward the paternal neural activation profile was apparent in P. maniculatus males. Specifically, modifications in fear responses and social processing may represent the cornerstones of the gradual shift from social tentativeness to social attentiveness in the presence of pups.

title: Modeling paternal attentiveness: distressed pups evoke differential neurobiological and behavioral responses in paternal and nonpaternal XXXX .

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Many @entity0 @entity1 and survivors use yoga to cope with their disease. The aim of this review was to systematically assess and meta-analyze the evidence for effects of yoga on health-related quality of life and @entity458 in @entity0 @entity1 and survivors. METHODS: MEDLINE, PsycInfo, EMBASE, CAMBASE, and the Cochrane Library were screened through February 2012. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing yoga to controls were analyzed when they assessed health-related quality of life or @entity458 in @entity0 @entity1 or survivors. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Standardized mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. RESULTS: Twelve RCTs with a total of 742 @entity1 were included. Seven RCTs compared yoga to no treatment; 3 RCTs compared yoga to supportive therapy; 1 RCT compared yoga to health education; and 1 RCT compared a combination of physiotherapy and yoga to physiotherapy alone. Evidence was found for short-term effects on global health-related quality of life (SMD = 0.62 [95% CI: 0.04 to 1.21]; P = 0.04), functional (SMD = 0.30 [95% CI: 0.03 to 0.57), social (SMD = 0.29 [95% CI: 0.08 to 0.50]; P < 0.01), and spiritual well-being (SMD = 0.41 [95% CI: 0.08; 0.74]; P = 0.01). These effects were, however, only present in studies with unclear or high risk of selection bias. Short-term effects on @entity458 also were found: @entity148 (SMD = -1.51 [95% CI: -2.47; -0.55]; P < 0.01), @entity308 (SMD = -1.59 [95% CI: -2.68 to -0.51]; P < 0.01), perceived stress (SMD   =   -1.14 [95% CI:-2.16; -0.12]; P = 0.03), and @entity458 (SMD = -0.86 [95% CI:-1.50; -0.22]; P < 0.01). Subgroup analyses revealed evidence of efficacy only for yoga during active @entity5 treatment but not after completion of active treatment. CONCLUSIONS: This systematic review found evidence for short-term effects of yoga in improving @entity458 in @entity0 @entity1 . The short-term effects on health-related quality of life could not be clearly distinguished from bias. Yoga can be recommended as an intervention to improve @entity0 treatment.

title: Yoga for XXXX @entity1 and survivors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer', 'psychological health during breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['psychological distress', 'psychological health']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: @entity1723 ( @entity1723 ) remains a major health problem worldwide, with a steadily rising incidence yet no cure. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase-y (PI3Ky), a member of a family of lipid kinases expressed primarily in leukocytes, has been the subject of substantial research for its role in inflammatory diseases. However, the role of PI3Ky inhibition in suppressing @entity12011 remains to be explored. We tested the role of the PI3Ky inhibitor @entity48750 in preventing and reversing @entity6 in NOD @entity19 and assessed the mechanisms by which this inhibition abrogates @entity1723 . Our data indicate that the PI3Ky pathway is highly activated in @entity1723 . In NOD @entity19 , we found upregulated expression of phosphorylated @entity1994 (PAkt) in splenocytes. Notably, T regulatory cells (Tregs) showed significantly lower expression of PAkt compared with effector T cells. Inhibition of the PI3Ky pathway by @entity48750 efficiently suppressed effector T cells and induced Treg expansion through the @entity268 response element-binding pathway. @entity48750 effectively prevented and reversed autoimmune @entity6 in NOD @entity19 and suppressed T-cell activation and the production of inflammatory cytokines by autoreactive T cells in vitro and in vivo. These studies demonstrate the key role of the PI3Ky pathway in determining the balance of Tregs and autoreactive cells regulating autoimmune @entity6 .

title: The novel therapeutic effect of phosphoinositide 3-kinase-y inhibitor XXXX in autoimmune @entity6 .

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity12011 :: ('MESH:C565730', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune T1D']

entities_list: @entity1723 :: ('MESH:D003922', 'Disease') :: ['Type 1 diabetes', 'T1D']

answer: @entity48750 :: (MESH:C505144,Chemical) :: ['AS605240']


abstract: PURPOSE: The examination of lacrimal drainage is often based on qualitative criteria. This study uses quantitative scintigraphy to evaluate "functional" @entity9467 . METHODS: Thirty-two @entity1 with functional @entity9467 (no morphologic abnormalities of the conjunctiva and eyelids, a patent nasolacrimal duct on irrigation, and no anatomical stenosis on dacryocystography) were studied (study group, SG). Twenty-two individuals without @entity9467 were also examined (control group, CG). Fifty microliters of @entity1136 was instilled into the conjunctival cul-de-sac. Time-activity curves were then constructed, and @entity3169 ( @entity3169 ) at 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10 minutes was calculated. Differences in @entity3169 between the SG and the CG and correlations between @entity3169 in the SG were examined. RESULTS: The SG had significantly reduced @entity3169 at 2.5 and 5 minutes, compared with the CG (p = 0.01 and p = 0.04, respectively), whereas respective differences at 7.5 and 10 minutes were not statistically significant. In the SG, @entity3169 at 2.5 and 5 minutes was significantly correlated with horizontal and median tendon laxity. The respective correlation with eyelid length was not statistically significant. Furthermore, in the SG, @entity3169 at 2.5 and 5 minutes was significantly correlated with @entity1 age (p = 0.03 and p = 0.04, respectively). Differences in @entity3169 between @entity1 and @entity1 were not statistically significant at all intervals. CONCLUSIONS: The correlation between eyelid laxity and @entity3169 supports the role of the eyelid "pump" in lacrimal drainage. @entity3169 at 2.5 and 5 minutes may be used to decide treatment methods for functional @entity9467 .

title: Lower eyelid laxity in functional acquired XXXX : evaluation with quantitative scintigraphy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1136 :: ('MESH:D013667', 'Chemical') :: ['Technetium-99m']

entities_list: @entity3169 :: ('MESH:D003229', 'Disease') :: ['conjunctival lacrimal clearance', 'CLC and horizontal and median tendon laxity and eyelid length', 'CLC']

answer: @entity9467 :: (MESH:D007766,Disease) :: ['epiphora']


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine whether differences in clinical manifestations of psychogenic nonepileptic events are associated with differences in outcome and whether the length of illness before diagnosis correlates with outcome. METHODS: We reviewed ictal videotapes and EEGs in 85 @entity1 diagnosed with exclusively nonepileptic psychogenic @entity410 during inpatient CCTV-EEG monitoring at the University of Michigan between June 1994 and December 1996. They were classified into groups of similar @entity146 . Fifty-seven of these @entity1 were available to respond to a follow-up telephone survey about their condition 2-4 years after discharge. We examined demographics, baseline EEG abnormalities, and outcome of treatment interventions. We also evaluated whether interventions were more likely to succeed if @entity1 were diagnosed early in the course of the illness. RESULTS: We found that the largest groups consisted of @entity1 with motionless @entity16715 (" @entity2437 ," n = 19) and asynchronous @entity717 with impaired responsiveness ("thrashing," n = 19). Infrequent signs included @entity400 , automatisms, subjective events with @entity2730 , and intermittent behaviors. There was a higher incidence of baseline EEG abnormalities in the thrashing group (31%) than in the @entity2437 group (0%). There was a higher incidence of complete remission of spells in the @entity2437 group (53%) than in the thrashing group (21%). @entity1 who had a more recent onset of @entity410 (most often within 1 year) were much more likely to have remission of spells after diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: Classification of @entity410 is useful in predicting outcome and may be valuable in further investigation of this complex set of disorders.

title: XXXX outcome varies by type of spell and duration of illness.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures', 'nonepileptic seizures']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['ictal behaviors']

entities_list: @entity16715 :: ('MESH:C567934', 'Disease') :: ['unresponsiveness']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['motor movements']

entities_list: @entity2437 :: ('MESH:D012560', 'Disease') :: ['catatonic']

answer: @entity410 :: (MESH:D012640,Disease) :: ['Nonepileptic seizure']