abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity1823 are @entity395 often arising in proximity to the major duodenal papilla of Vater. These @entity5 are considered to have a benign behavior with lymph node metastases being a rare phenomenon and distant metastatic disease even more so. Resection of the @entity5 is the only definitive therapy. PRESENTATION OF CASE: A 67year old male presented to a referring hospital with symptoms of @entity1295 . Evaluation with CT imaging revealed a 3.1cm intraluminal mass situated grossly at the junction of the third with the fourth portion of the duodenum. The @entity5 was found to be situated near the ampulla of Vater and was excised through a longitudinal duodenotomy followed by myotomy of the sphincter of Oddi. DISCUSSION: Complete resection of duodenal @entity1823 by surgical or endoscopic means is the only potential cure. Endoscopic removal is the first option and is both safe and adequate.   owever, localized excision may be utilized instead in those cases in which endoscopic removal is not possible or cannot achieve negative margins. @entity66 after complete resection is unlikely. CONCLUSION: Cases of duodenal @entity1823 are best managed with endoscopic resection. However, local surgical excision remains as a second-choice procedure. Adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy are unnecessary after complete excision.

title: XXXX , successfully treated by local surgical excision-a case report.

entities_list: @entity395 :: ('MESH:D035583', 'Disease') :: ['rare neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['Recurrent disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity1295 :: ('MESH:D005221', 'Disease') :: ['fatigue and malaise']

entities_list: @entity1823 :: ('MESH:D010235', 'Disease') :: ['Duodenal gangliocytic paragangliomas', 'gangliocytic paragangliomas']

answer: @entity1823 :: (MESH:D010235,Disease) :: ['Duodenal gangliocytic paraganglioma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The best approach for revascularization of multi-vessel @entity301 in @entity1 with @entity583 ( @entity583 ) undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is controversial. METHODS: We searched the Medline and Web of Science databases, the Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials, and major conference proceedings for clinical trials that randomized @entity583 @entity1 with @entity74 to a complete versus culprit-only revascularization strategy. Random effects summary risk ratios (RR) were constructed using a DerSimonian-Laird model. RESULTS: A total of 6 trials met our selection criteria, which yielded 1,190 @entity1 . The mean follow-up duration was 20.5months. The incidence of major adverse cardiac events was significantly reduced in the complete revascularization group versus the culprit-only revascularization group (RR 0.57, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.41-0.78, p<0.001). This was due to a lower risk of urgent revascularization with complete revascularization (RR 0.55, 95% CI 0.35-0.86, p=0.01). A non-significant reduction was observed with complete versus culprit-only revascularization for the combined outcome of mortality or @entity583 (RR 0.56, 95% CI 0.30-1.04, p=0.06). CONCLUSION: Complete revascularization of significant coronary lesions at the time of primary PCI in @entity1 with @entity583 was associated with better outcomes. This was primarily due to a reduction in the need for urgent revascularization. Larger trials are needed to determine if complete revascularization reduces death or @entity583 .

title: Complete versus culprit-only revascularization in @entity1 with XXXX undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention: A meta-analysis of randomized trials.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['STEMI', 'STEMI and multi-vessel disease', 'myocardial infarction', 'ST-elevation myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['multi-vessel disease']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary disease']

answer: @entity74 :: (MESH:D030342,Disease) :: ['multi-vessel disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Persistent @entity2422 after adenoidectomy is an infrequent problem in @entity1 with normal palate. However if it happened, it can render a @entity1 's speech unintelligible resulting in serious affection of social life. We aimed in this study to identify the causes of persistent post-adenoidectomy @entity1739 and to assess the efficacy of sphincter pharyngoplasty in the treatment of such problem. METHODS: This study was conducted on 18 @entity1 complained of hypernasal speech following removal of their adenoids after variable periods of failed expected spontaneous improvement. Their @entity2422 was rated as being mild, moderate and severe, all cases were subjected to conservative treatment in the form of speech therapy for 3 months to correct the problem, and @entity1 that did not respond to speech therapy were subjected to surgical intervention in the form of sphincter pharyngoplasty. Velopharyngeal closure was assessed using flexible nasopharyngoscopy, while speech was assessed using auditory perceptual assessment and nasometry. RESULTS: @entity2422 was mild in 9 cases, moderate in 7 cases and severe in 2 cases. Flexible nasopharyngoscopy showed occult submucous cleft in 5 cases, @entity2419 in 2 cases, and deep nasopharynx in 3 cases. Speech improvement was achieved in 8 cases after completion of speech therapy program (all had mild @entity2422 with no anatomical @entity2419 ). Ten @entity1 that had @entity2419 were subjected to sphincter pharyngoplasty, 8 of them showed complete recovery, while 2 cases with severe @entity2422 showed partial improvement of their speech. CONCLUSIONS: Persistent post-adenoidectomy @entity1739 may be due to anatomical @entity2419 such as an occult submucous @entity2419 or deep nasopharynx; such conditions may be overlooked during the preoperative preparation for adenoid removal. Speech therapy is an effective method in mild @entity2422 especially if there is no @entity854 , while surgical correction is usually needed in moderate and severe cases, and sphincter pharyngoplasty is a useful choice for those @entity1 .

title: Treatment of persistent post-adenoidectomy XXXX by sphincter pharyngoplasty.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'child']

entities_list: @entity2422 :: ('MESH:C537724', 'Disease') :: ['Hypernasality', 'hypernasality']

entities_list: @entity1739 :: ('MESH:D014681', 'Disease') :: ['velopharyngeal insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['anatomical abnormality']

entities_list: @entity2419 :: ('MESH:D002972', 'Disease') :: ['cleft, short palate', 'palatal defects', 'abnormalities of the palate', 'short palate']

answer: @entity1739 :: (MESH:D014681,Disease) :: ['velopharyngeal insufficiency']


abstract: Mounting evidence suggests that the benefits of fish consumption are not limited to the well-appreciated effects of @entity9539 . We previously demonstrated that cod protein protects against the development of diet-induced insulin resistance. The goal of this study was to determine whether other fish protein sources present similar beneficial effects. @entity35 were fed a high-fat, high-sucrose diet containing protein from casein or fish proteins from @entity3103 , herring, mackerel, or salmon. After 28 days, oral @entity413 tolerance tests or @entity1717 were performed; and tissues and plasma were harvested for biochemical analyses. Despite equal energy intake among all groups, the salmon-protein-fed group presented significantly lower @entity1017 that was associated with reduced fat accrual in epididymal white adipose tissue. Although this @entity10478 was not associated with improved @entity413 tolerance, we found that whole-body insulin sensitivity for @entity413 metabolism was improved using the very sensitive hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp technique. Importantly, expression of both @entity5 @entity39 factor-a and @entity568 was reduced in visceral adipose tissue of all fish-protein-fed groups when compared with the casein-fed control group, suggesting that fish proteins carry anti-inflammatory properties that may protect against @entity14079 . Interestingly, consumption of the salmon protein diet was also found to raise circulating salmon calcitonin levels, which may underlie the reduction of @entity1017 in these @entity35 . These data suggest that not all fish protein sources exert the same beneficial properties on the @entity209 , although anti-inflammatory actions appear to be common.

title: Differential effects of various fish proteins in altering body weight, adiposity, inflammatory status, and insulin sensitivity in high-fat-fed XXXX .

entities_list: @entity10478 :: ('OMIM:155310', 'Disease') :: ['reduction in visceral adiposity']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1717 :: ('MESH:D044903', 'Disease') :: ['hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['weight gain']

entities_list: @entity14079 :: ('MESH:D020739', 'Disease') :: ['obesity-linked metabolic complications']

entities_list: @entity9539 :: ('MESH:D015525', 'Chemical') :: ['omega-3 fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: Octreotide long-acting release (LAR) is a @entity1943 analogue designed for once monthly intramuscular injection. As with endogenous @entity1943 , octreotide LAR inhibits secretion of @entity2124 ( @entity2124 ) as well as various other peptide hormones. In the treatment of @entity2012 , octreotide LAR effectively controlled the secretion of @entity2124 and @entity442 ( @entity442 ) in about 55-70% of @entity1 (n > 100) who had previously been treated with @entity1943 analogues, a similar degree of control to that observed with subcutaneous octreotide and lanreotide slow release (SR). Progressive control of serum levels of @entity2124 and @entity442 was achieved with octreotide LAR in clinical studies of up to 4 years' duration. In addition, primary therapy with octreotide LAR provided effective control of @entity2124 and @entity442 secretion, particularly in @entity1 with a pretreatment @entity2124 level <20 microg/L. The percentage of @entity1 achieving a target serum @entity2124 level of <2-2.5 micro g/L or normal @entity442 levels was significantly greater with octreotide LAR 10, 20 or 30 mg every 28 days than with lanreotide SR 30 mg every 7-14 days in a large (n = 125) sequential, 6-month study, but was not significantly different between treatment groups in a small, randomised, nonblind, parallel group study of previously untreated @entity1 . The volume of @entity5 shrinkage achieved with octreotide LAR or lanreotide SR was also similar ( approximate, equals 33% after 24 months). @entity2012 symptoms, such as @entity10 , increased perspiration, paraesthesia, @entity1295 and osteoarthralgia were improved during treatment with octreotide LAR or lanreotide SR. Overall, octreotide LAR is generally well tolerated by most @entity1 . The incidence of @entity344 is about 30% but, in most cases, events are transient and mild to moderate. @entity1085 (sediment, sludge, microlithiasis and @entity5990 ) can occur, but only 1% have become symptomatic to date. The prevalence of @entity253 did not change after switching from subcutaneous octreotide, or from lanreotide SR, to octreotide LAR. @entity413 metabolism can be affected by octreotide LAR in some @entity1 ; about 15% become hyperglycaemic, usually mild in severity. In summary, octreotide LAR controls @entity2124 and @entity442 secretion in about 55-70% of @entity1 with @entity2012 . Octreotide LAR is administered intramuscularly every 28 days, offering improved @entity1 compliance and convenience over three-times-daily subcutaneous octreotide. Long-term therapy provides progressive control of serum @entity2124 and @entity442 levels, and is generally well tolerated by most @entity1 . Thus, for the medical management of @entity2012 , octreotide LAR is an effective, well tolerated and convenient treatment option.

title: Octreotide long-acting release (LAR): a review of its use in the management of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1085 :: ('MESH:D005705', 'Disease') :: ['Gallbladder abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary tumour']

entities_list: @entity442 :: ('3479', 'Gene') :: ['insulin-like growth factor-1', 'IGF-1']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal symptoms']

entities_list: @entity5990 :: ('MESH:D042882', 'Disease') :: ['gallstones']

entities_list: @entity2012 :: ('MESH:D000172', 'Disease') :: ['acromegaly', 'Acromegaly']

entities_list: @entity253 :: ('MESH:D001660', 'Disease') :: ['biliary abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity1943 :: ('MESH:D013004', 'Chemical') :: ['somatostatin']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['Glucose']

answer: @entity2012 :: (MESH:D000172,Disease) :: ['acromegaly']


abstract: PROBLEM/CONDITION: @entity1547 is a common chronic disease that causes @entity158 and disability across all age groups. If left untreated, @entity1547 can lead to @entity158 and @entity2524 , and @entity5386 (total @entity2524 ). Dental sealants are effective in preventing @entity1547 in the occlusal (chewing) and other pitted and fissured surfaces of the teeth. Enamel @entity3296 is a hypomineralization of enamel related to @entity1388 exposure during tooth formation (first 6 years for most permanent teeth). Exposure to @entity1388 throughout life is effective in preventing @entity1547 . This is the first CDC Surveillance Summary that addresses these conditions and practices. REPORTING PERIOD: 1988-1994 and 1999-2002. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) is an ongoing survey of representative samples of the civilian, noninstitutionalized U.S. population aged >/=2 months in NHANES 1988-1994 and all ages during 1999-2002. The dental component gathered information on @entity1 aged >/=2 years. RESULTS: During 1999-2002, among @entity1 aged 2-11 years, 41% had @entity1547 in their primary teeth. Forty-two percent of @entity1 and adolescents aged 6-19 years and approximately 90% of adults had @entity1547 in their permanent teeth. Among @entity1 aged 6-19 years, 32% had received dental sealants. Adults aged >/=20 years retained a mean of 24 of 28 natural teeth and 8% were edentulous. Among @entity1 aged 6-39 years, 23% had very mild or greater enamel @entity3296 . Disparities were noticed across all age groups, among racial/ethnic groups, @entity1 with lower education and income, and by smoking status. From 1988-1994 to 1999-2002, four trends were observed: 1) no change in the prevalence of @entity1547 in primary teeth among @entity1 aged 2-11 years, 2) a reduction in prevalence of caries in permanent teeth of up to 10 percentage points among @entity1 aged 6-19 years and up to six percentage points among dentate adults aged >/=20 years, 3) an increase of 13 percentage points in dental sealants among @entity1 aged 6-19 years, and 4) a six percentage point reduction in total @entity2524 ( @entity5386 ) among @entity1 aged >/=60 years. INTERPRETATION: The findings of this report indicate that the @entity1547 status of permanent teeth has improved since the 1988-1994 survey. Despite the decrease in caries prevalence and severity in the permanent dentition and the increase in the proportion of @entity1 and adolescents who benefit from dental sealants, disparities remain. PUBLIC HEALTH ACTION: These data provide information for public health professionals in designing interventions to improve oral health and to reduce disparities in oral health, for researchers in assessing factors associated with disparities and @entity1547 in primary teeth, and in designing timely surveillance tools to monitor total @entity1388 exposure.

title: Surveillance for @entity1547 , dental sealants, tooth retention, @entity5386 , and enamel XXXX --United States, 1988-1994 and 1999-2002.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity5386 :: ('MESH:D007575', 'Disease') :: ['edentulism']

entities_list: @entity3296 :: ('MESH:D009050', 'Disease') :: ['fluorosis']

entities_list: @entity1547 :: ('MESH:D003731', 'Disease') :: ['Dental caries', 'dental caries']

entities_list: @entity2524 :: ('MESH:D016388', 'Disease') :: ['tooth loss', 'infection, tooth loss']

entities_list: @entity1388 :: ('MESH:D005459', 'Chemical') :: ['fluoride']

answer: @entity3296 :: (MESH:D009050,Disease) :: ['fluorosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: The @entity1963 in a variable length of the distal gut found in @entity1963 results from the abnormal prenatal development of neural crest-derived stem cells of the enteric nervous system. The cytokine @entity42215 is necessary for successful colonization of the distal gut, but the location of this interaction with neural crest-derived stem cells remains to be established. The hypothesis tested here is that the stem cells of the enteric nervous system (ENS) in the colon are located at the leading edge of the migrating wave of neural crest-derived stem cells and that these cells require colonic @entity42215 for complete colonization of the gut. METHODS: Explants of 11.5-day-old embryonic intact @entity19 gut and isolated colon were cultured for 72 hours in the presence and absence of the endothelin-B receptor antagonist, @entity11345 . Specimens then were sectioned and stained by immunohistochemistry to assess enteric nervous system development. RESULTS: Isolated colon contained a very low number (mean, 73 cells; range, 37 to 106; n = 8) of neural crest-derived stem cells, which had just entered its proximal end at the leading edge of neural crest cell migration. After 72 hours of culture, progeny of these few neural crest-derived stem cells had colonized the colon at an equivalent ganglionic density to those in intact gut. Furthermore, neuronal differentiation, as shown by the appearance of @entity842 synthase positive neurons, also was equivalent to intact gut. Blockade of the endothelin-B receptor produced terminal @entity1963 in both isolated colons and intact gut. CONCLUSIONS: The very small number of cells that first enter the proximal colon at the leading edge of neural crest cell migration have the ability to colonize the entire colon normally in an ET-3-dependent manner. These cells therefore have the functional characteristics expected of the stem cells of the @entity3002 . Furthermore, the normal development of these cells is dependent on the @entity42215 expressed by the mesenchymal cells of the colon itself.

title: Localization and XXXX dependence of stem cells of the enteric nervous system in the embryonic colon.

entities_list: @entity1963 :: ('MESH:D006627', 'Disease') :: ['aganglionosis', "Hirschsprung's disease"]

entities_list: @entity3002 :: ('MESH:D009421', 'Disease') :: ['colonic enteric nervous system']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

answer: @entity42215 :: (13616(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['endothelin-3']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine period trends in the rate of suicide in the first 28 days after discharge from @entity146 hospital. DESIGN: Cohort study of @entity1 discharged from @entity146 hospital. SETTING: Scotland. SUBJECTS: All @entity1 aged 15-84 who were discharged from Scottish @entity146 hospitals during 1968 to 1992. OUTCOME MEASURE: The rate of suicide (classified as codes E950-9 and E980-9 according to the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision) within 28 days of discharge per 100,000 @entity1 years at risk for five year periods during 1968 to 1992. Crude, within cohort rates and externally standardised rates were calculated. RESULTS: Overall, 196 male @entity1 committed suicide in 20,520 @entity1 years at risk, and 171 female @entity1 committed suicide in 24,114 @entity1 years at risk. A significant linear trend was seen in period effect on externally standardised mortality ratios in both sexes: a decrease in male @entity1 (P = 0.008) and an increase in female @entity1 (P = 0.0001). The adjusted standardised mortality ratio in 1988-92 compared with 1968-72 was 0.62 (95% confidence interval 0.39 to 0.98) in male @entity1 and 2.73 (1.64 to 4.56) in female @entity1 . CONCLUSION: The increase in the rate of suicide in the 28 days after discharge in female @entity146 @entity1 makes this an increasingly important period to target. The rise has occurred against the background of a reduction of 60% in the number of @entity146 beds for adults.

title: Period trends in rate of suicide in first 28 days after discharge from XXXX hospital in Scotland, 1968-92.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'person']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

answer: @entity146 :: (MESH:D001523,Disease) :: ['psychiatric']


abstract: Background. Few studies have explored @entity1295 in different groups of @entity706 survivors and the association with hormonal dysfunctions. The aims were to analyze associations between @entity1295 and thyroid and gonadal function in @entity706 survivors. In addition, the impact of chronic @entity1295 on work situation and daily functioning were explored. @entity1 and methods. This cross-sectional study included @entity706 survivors diagnosed in 1980-2002, aged  <= 50 years at diagnosis and > 18 years at survey in 2007. The @entity1 (n = 233, median age at survey: 48 years, median observation time: 15 years) completed questionnaires assessing levels of @entity1295 , chronic @entity1295 (duration >=  6 months), mental distress, daily functioning and work situation. Levels of thyroid and gonadal hormones were assessed. The @entity1 were grouped according to diagnosis: @entity978 ( @entity978 , n = 131), @entity146 /very @entity146 @entity1893 ( @entity1893 ) (n = 67) and indolent @entity1893 (n = 35). Thyroid hormones were categorized as normal (n = 174) or @entity1375 (elevated thyroid stimulating hormone, n = 59). Gonadal hormones were categorized as normal (n = 111), elevated follicle stimulating hormone only (n = 45), primary (n = 35) or secondary @entity6126 (n = 42). Uni- and multivariate regression analyses were performed. A p value < 0.05 indicated the level of significance. Results. The survivors of @entity146 had similar @entity1295 levels and similar prevalence of chronic @entity1295 ( @entity978 : 31%, @entity146 : 27%). Survivors of indolent @entity1893 had lower @entity1295 levels and prevalence of chronic @entity1295 (11%). @entity1375 was associated with increased @entity1295 levels (p = 0.042). Gonadal function was not associated with levels of @entity1295 or chronic @entity1295 . Mental distress was associated with increasing @entity1295 levels and chronic @entity1295 (p < 0.001). We found negative associations between chronic @entity1295 , daily functioning and work status. Conclusions. @entity706 survivors should be investigated for thyroid function. The negative impact of chronic @entity1295 on daily functioning and work status emphasizes the importance of maintaining the effort in understanding the mechanisms behind @entity1295 .

title: Fatigue in XXXX survivors differs between diagnostic groups and is associated with @entity1375 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity1375 :: ('MESH:D007037', 'Disease') :: ['latent hypothyroidism', 'Latent hypothyroidism']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['Fatigued lymphoma', 'lymphoma', 'male lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['HL and aggressive/very aggressive NHL', 'aggressive/very aggressive; NHL', 'aggressive']

entities_list: @entity6126 :: ('MESH:D007006', 'Disease') :: ['hypogonadism']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ['NHL', 'non-Hodgkin lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity978 :: ('MESH:D006689', 'Disease') :: ['HL', 'Hodgkin lymphoma']

answer: @entity706 :: (MESH:D008223,Disease) :: ['male lymphoma']


abstract: @entity4260 ( @entity4260 , @entity7173 ), a drug used in the treatment of @entity170 , may promote @entity79 . @entity7173 has been shown to accelerate both the activity of, and formation of mineralized nodules by a @entity1 @entity421 cell line at an early stage. However, the direct effects of @entity7173 on @entity79 have not been investigated. The purpose of this study was to determine whether @entity7173 induces @entity79 within a @entity702 cap in @entity95 calvaria at an early stage. Five adult male @entity95 were used. One cap (test site) was packed with @entity7173 in a collagen gel, and the other (control site) was packed with the collagen gel alone. After the one- and three-month healing periods, we measured the newly generated tissue and bone within the @entity702 caps. The amount of newly generated tissue within the @entity702 caps of the control sites was higher than the tests sites after one month and three months. However, the percentage of newly generated bone/bone marrow in the newly generated tissue at the test sites was higher than for the control sites after one month and three months. These results suggest that @entity7173 affects the quality of @entity79 at an early stage.

title: Effects of XXXX on @entity79 within a @entity702 cap in @entity95 calvaria.

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity95 :: ('9986', 'Species') :: ['rabbit', 'Japanese white rabbits']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone augmentation', 'bone formation during bone remodeling']

entities_list: @entity421 :: ('MESH:D012516', 'Disease') :: ['osteosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity702 :: ('MESH:D014025', 'Chemical') :: ['titanium']

entities_list: @entity4260 :: ('MESH:C018986', 'Chemical') :: ['Ipriflavone', '7-isopropoxyisoflavone']

answer: @entity4260 :: (MESH:C018986,Chemical) :: ['ipriflavone']


abstract: The purpose of this study was to report the medium-term results in 28 @entity1 affected by closed displaced @entity174 of the neck of the fifth metacarpal bone ( @entity174 ) with an associated severe swelling of the hand, who were treated with percutaneous transverse K-wire pinning, to verify the effectiveness of this surgical treatment. We opted for this treatment in all cases in which malrotation of the fifth finger and volar angulation of the metacarpal head greater than 30   were associated with a severe swelling of the hand. All the @entity1 were reviewed clinically and radiologically at an average of 25 months after surgery. At the final follow-up, no @entity1 reported @entity158 . All @entity1 had full extension of the fifth finger, except two in whom we observed a limitation of the extension of the fifth metacarpophalangeal (MP) joint of about 10  , without significant @entity73 . All @entity1 had at least 90   flexion of the fifth MP joint and full range of motion of the interphalangeal (IP) joints. No @entity1 had @entity717 of the fifth finger with a deficit of grip strength. At the final follow-up, a residual palmar angulation of the head of the fifth metacarpal was found in three @entity1 , with a mean of 7  . The disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand (DASH) scale had a mean value of 5, and all @entity1 considered their result as good or excellent. We recommend percutaneous transverse pinning in all @entity174 in which operative treatment is indicated, especially in @entity1 with severe soft-tissue swelling. The surgical procedure is easy to perform, and surgical results are generally good.

title: XXXX of the neck of the fifth metacarpal bone. Medium-term results in 28 cases treated by percutaneous transverse pinning.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', "boxer's fracture", "boxer's fractures"]

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['impairment of hand function']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['residual pain']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['rotational deformity']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['Fractures']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity323 ( @entity323 ) is observed frequently in @entity1 with @entity454 , hemodialysis @entity1 , and renal allograft recipients. There are few studies of @entity7855 use in renal allograft recipients. METHODS: The study is designed as a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial. Efficacy was assessed by using the self-administered International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF), a 15-question validated measure of @entity323 , and a global efficacy question (Did the treatment improve your erection?). RESULTS: Thirty-two eligible renal transplant recipients were included in this study. After treatment with @entity7855 , @entity1 had significantly better scores in 13 of 15 questions, except for questions 11 (desire frequency; P = 0.39) and 12 (desire level; P = 0.61). Treatment efficacy assessed through questions 3 (penetration ability; P < 0.001) and 4 (maintenance frequency; P < 0.001) was significantly better after @entity7855 therapy. There were no significant differences between baseline and post-placebo treatment scores, except for question 13 (relationship satisfaction). @entity1 treated with @entity7855 had significantly better scores in 4 domains compared with baseline, but a difference was not observed in the sexual desire domain (P = 0.32). There were no significant differences in scores between placebo and baseline in any domain. On the global efficacy question, 81.3% of @entity1 showed improvement compared with 18.7% with placebo. There were no differences in areas under the curve and maximum @entity205 concentrations before and after @entity7855 therapy. No @entity1 discontinued the drug because of side effects except for 1 @entity1 with @entity1833 . CONCLUSION: Treatment with @entity7855 in renal transplant recipients is a valid option with an effective response.

title: Treatment of @entity323 with XXXX in renal allograft recipients: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity323 :: ('MESH:D007172', 'Disease') :: ['Erectile dysfunction', 'ED']

entities_list: @entity7855 :: ('MESH:C101426', 'Chemical') :: ['sildenafil', 'sildenafil citrate']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporine']

entities_list: @entity1833 :: ('MESH:D006212', 'Disease') :: ['visual hallucination']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage renal disease']

answer: @entity7855 :: (MESH:C101426,Chemical) :: ['sildenafil citrate']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The number of abortions of fetuses with @entity1467 in England and Wales reported by the @entity283 ( @entity283 ) differs from that reported by the National Down Syndrome Cytogenetic Register (NDSCR). The aim of this study was to investigate the reasons for this. METHODS: Abortions in 2011 and 2012 from @entity283 were matched to those from NDSCR. The number of cases not reported to either source was estimated. RESULTS: An estimated 2240 abortions of fetuses with @entity1467 occurred in 2011/12; NDSCR estimated 2208 and @entity283 1100. One thousand and six abortions were identified in both data sets, including 145 (14%) which were not recorded by @entity283 as having @entity1467 . Abortions in NDSCR that were not matched in @entity283 occurred throughout England and Wales and at all gestational ages. An estimated 61 abortions of fetuses with @entity1467 were not reported to @entity283 or NDSCR. CONCLUSIONS: The number of abortions of fetuses with @entity1467 reported by the NDSCR is more complete than that reported by the @entity283 . @entity283 data for abortions with other @entity154 are also likely to be underestimates, and more accurate estimates are available from BINOCAR regional @entity154 registers.

title: Accuracy of reporting abortions with XXXX in England and Wales: a data linkage study.

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['congenital anomaly', 'congenital anomalies']

entities_list: @entity1467 :: ('MESH:D004314', 'Disease') :: ['Down syndrome']

entities_list: @entity283 :: ('OMIM:603663', 'Disease') :: ['DH', 'Department of Health']

answer: @entity1467 :: (MESH:D004314,Disease) :: ['Down syndrome']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the outcome of a new modification of percutaneous needle suspension, using a bone anchor system for fixing the suture at the public bone, and to compare the results with those published previously. @entity1 AND METHODS: From March 1996, 37 @entity1 with stress urinary @entity322 (> 2 years) were treated using a bone anchor system. On each side the suture was attached to the pubocervical fascia and the vaginal wall via a broad 'Z'-stitch. A urodynamic investigation performed preoperatively in all @entity1 confirmed @entity3142 and excluded detrusor instability. The outcome was assessed by either by a clinical follow-up investigation or using a standardized questionnaire, over a mean follow-up of 11 months (range 6-18). RESULTS: In the 37 @entity1 , the procedure was successful in 25 (68%), with 16 (43%) of the @entity1 completely dry and nine (24%) significantly improved. @entity79 and suture was necessary in two @entity1 , because of unilateral @entity2348 in one and a bilateral soft tissue @entity738 in the other. One bone anchor became dislocated in a third @entity1 . In two cases where the treatment failed, new detrusor instability was documented urodynamically. Minor complications were prolonged wound @entity158 in 10 (26%) and transient urinary retention or residual urine in 12 @entity1 (32%). CONCLUSION: The poor success rate in the study corresponds with the long-term results of conventional or modified needle suspension procedures and does not reinforce the optimistic results of bone anchoring published recently. Because of the poorer long-term results from percutaneous needle suspension than from other techniques of open retropubic bladder neck suspension, it remains questionable whether percutaneous needle suspension should be considered a first-line procedure for the treatment of female stress urinary @entity322 .

title: Does @entity79 improve the outcome of percutaneous bladder neck suspension in female stress urinary XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['incontinence']

entities_list: @entity738 :: ('MESH:D006099', 'Disease') :: ['granuloma']

entities_list: @entity2348 :: ('MESH:D001424', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial infection']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['Removal of the bone anchor']

entities_list: @entity3142 :: ('MESH:D014550', 'Disease') :: ['stress incontinence']

answer: @entity322 :: (MESH:D014549,Disease) :: ['incontinence']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1757 ( @entity1757 ) after @entity583 is a catastrophic event. AIMS: We describe our multicentre experience of a defect closure strategy that combined surgery and transcatheter closure. METHODS: Data were obtained by retrospective chart review. RESULTS: Twenty @entity1 (mean age, 67years) from three centres were studied. Median time from @entity583 to @entity1757 was 6 (range, 3-9) days. Acute @entity1455 occurred in 12 (60%) @entity1 . Median defect diameter by echocardiography was 18 (range, 12-28) mm. Median time to first surgical or percutaneous closure was 18 (range, 4-96) days. Twenty-seven procedures were performed in the 20 @entity1 . Surgical closure was undertaken in 14 @entity1 and contraindicated in eight, six of whom underwent percutaneous closure; the other two, after reconsideration, proceeded to surgical closure. No procedural complications occurred with percutaneous closure. Percutaneous closure @entity1 were older than surgical @entity1 (75 vs. 64years; P=0.01) and had a higher mean logistic EuroSCORE (87% vs. 67%; P=0.02). Rates of residual shunt and mortality did not differ between surgical and percutaneous @entity1 (P=0.12 and 0.3, respectively). Those who underwent early @entity1757 closure (<21days after @entity583 ) had higher rates of residual shunt (P=0.09) and mortality (P=0.01), irrespective of closure strategy. The mortality rate was also higher after early percutaneous closure (P=0.001), but not after early surgery. Finally, predicted mortality (logistic EuroSCORE) was higher than hospital mortality ( <=30days) in our @entity1 population (75% vs. 30%; P=0.01). CONCLUSION: Vigorous pursuit of closure of post- @entity583 @entity1757 with a sequential surgical and/or percutaneous approach is recommended for improved outcomes.

title: Sequential management of post- XXXX @entity1757 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'acute myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity1455 :: ('MESH:D012770', 'Disease') :: ['cardiogenic shock']

entities_list: @entity1757 :: ('MESH:D006345', 'Disease') :: ['Ventricular septal defect', 'VSD']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarction']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In 2006, we began our experience with a novel technology for fully @entity439 repair, based on a custom-made, branched stent graft design. After 48 cases, we have learned and achieved substantial progress both in technical and in clinical skills. This paper describes the partial results of this ongoing experience. METHODS: @entity1 in this series were selected for the presence of @entity2334 , with or without dissection, which was present in one @entity1 . The observation of extensive anatomical variations in several @entity1 prompted changes in many of the basic stent graft configurations, which are also described. RESULTS: Between August 2006 and June 2012, 48 @entity1 were treated consecutively with custom-made branch stent grafts. The five @entity1 with the longest follow-up available so far are at 71, 65, 60, 54 and 51 months post-procedure. The operative mortality rate, defined as @entity204 during or within a month of surgical hospitalization, was 21% (10 @entity1 ); each case is described herein. During postoperative follow up, nine @entity1 died from causes not directly related to @entity439 , at 3, 18, 20, 22, 24, 24, 37, 44 and 46 months. The main causes of @entity204 were @entity583 (four cases), @entity5 (two cases), @entity360 (one case), @entity385 (one case), and @entity295 (one case). Permanent @entity451 occurred in one @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: It is still too soon to compare the results of endovascular repair of @entity439 with those of open surgical series. Despite the active and rapid progress currently observed for the endovascular method, it is still far from reaching its state-of-the-art plateau or becoming a gold standard. Further technological and technical advances in endovascular stent grafting seem to have a clear potential to provide very satisfactory operative outcomes for @entity2334 .

title: Endovascular repair of XXXX : results of the first 48 cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity451 :: ('MESH:C536857', 'Disease') :: ['paraplegia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity2334 :: ('MESH:D017545', 'Disease') :: ['thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['endovascular thoracoabdominal aneurysm', 'thoracoabdominal aneurysms', 'aneurysmal disease']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity439 :: (MESH:D000783,Disease) :: ['thoracoabdominal aneurysms']


abstract: AIMS: To describe demographic characteristics and trends, indications for referral and medical findings in @entity1 and young @entity1 seen for suspected @entity458 . METHODS: Retrospective review of consecutive medical records over a 7-year period. RESULTS: A total of 2310 new @entity1 were seen for concerns about @entity250 , resulting in 2162 genital examinations, of which 2134 were statistically analysed. The age ranged from 1 month to 17 years, with peaks at 3 and 14 years. Eighty-six percent were female. Most were referred by statutory authorities, with a marked reduction in referral numbers from 1997. Where a perpetrator was described, 97% were male and 92% were family members or friends. Medical findings diagnostic of @entity458 were found in 130 cases (6%). Diagnostic findings were more likely to be found in adolescent @entity1 . For the most part, physical symptoms were of no value in differentiating between those who had been sexually abused and those who had not. CONCLUSIONS: The demographics are concordant with the literature. The reduction in referrals may reflect changes in practice by statutory authorities. In pre-pubertal @entity1 , referrals were often made on the basis of physical symptoms, which have no predictive value in the diagnosis of @entity458 .

title: Diagnostic findings in alleged XXXX : symptoms have no predictive value.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'girls', 'people']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['sexual abuse']

entities_list: @entity250 :: ('MESH:D012735', 'Disease') :: ['sexual abuse and/or genital symptoms']

answer: @entity458 :: (MESH:D020018,Disease) :: ['sexual abuse']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 10521 Background: Subcategories of @entity1149 @entity1 may benefit from @entity470 ( @entity470 ) @entity4149 kinase inhibitors (TKI's). @entity1 with @entity5 that harbor mutated @entity470 have a higher chance of response. At present, there are no diagnostic tests to identify likely responders more reliably than by mutation testing. Previously, we have shown that a classifier based on kinase activity profiles in the presence and absence of a kinase inhibitor predicted @entity3866 response of @entity1149 @entity1 in a neoadjuvant setting (Hilhorst et al. J Clin Oncol. 2010;28:7s [suppl; abstr 10566].) The aim of the current study was to evaluate this classifier using a blinded test set of @entity1 @entity5 samples. METHODS: Frozen @entity5 tissue was obtained from @entity1149 @entity1 (stage IA-IIIA) who had received 21 days of neo-adjuvant treatment with @entity3866 prior to complete surgical resection. Tissue cryosections were lysed in M-PER buffer supplemented with phosphatase and protease inhibitors. Kinase activity profiles of the lysates were generated in the presence and absence of @entity3866 on PamChip peptide microarrays .The classifier profile, as derived from the training set (n=14; Hilhorst et al. J Clin Oncol. 2010;28:7s [suppl; abstr 10566].), was applied to the blinded test set (n=13) of @entity1 . Clinical response evaluation was based on histopathological examination of the @entity5 tissues. All specimens were analyzed for @entity470 and @entity984 mutation status. RESULTS: Based on kinase activity profiles in the presence (on chip) and absence of @entity3866 , a PLS-DA classifier was obtained that distinguished responders and non-responders in the training set (n=14, with two @entity470 and 3 @entity984 mutants). Leave-one-out cross validation resulted in misclassification for 3 samples, including both @entity470 mutants. Application to the 13 blinded samples resulted in correct prediction of outcome for 11 samples. One of two @entity470 mutants and one of three @entity984 mutants were misclassified. CONCLUSIONS: This blinded study validates the use of a classifier based on kinase activity profiles of @entity1 ' own @entity5 tissue to predict the response to treatment. This test that measures drug effects at the molecular level, may be an important step towards personalized medicine.

title: Blind prediction of response to @entity3866 in early-stage @entity1149 ( XXXX ) in a neoadjuvant setting based on kinase activity profiles.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancers']

entities_list: @entity470 :: ('1956', 'Gene') :: ['EGFR', 'epidermal growth factor receptor']

entities_list: @entity3866 :: ('MESH:C400278', 'Chemical') :: ['erlotinib']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['NSCLC']


abstract: Falls and fall-related @entity173 are among the most serious, common, and costly medical problems facing the elderly. Recently, we and others have shown that falls to the side, particularly those that end with impact on the hip, raise the risk of @entity173 from six- to thirty-fold, compared to about threefold increases in risk associated with one SD reduction in @entity1555 at the hip. And yet, despite the apparently crucial importance of sideways falls, little is known about the mechanics of falling to the side. In addition, while previous studies have helped identify those factors that place the elderly at high risk for falling and provided assessment procedures that can be used to identify those at risk for falls, as far as we are aware no previous work has successfully identified subjects at increased risk of falling to the side. Moreover, while rigorous, multifactorial fall prevention efforts have demonstrated moderate reductions in fall incidence, such programs are expensive and potentially inefficient in that they have not consistently demonstrated reductions in the numbers of injurious falls. While trochanteric padding systems show considerable promise for @entity173 prevention by reducing impact force, they involve difficult acceptance and compliance issues and will require large and rigorous clinical trials to demonstrate effectiveness. Finally, while it also appears that osteodynamic agents can be used to increase @entity1555 at the hip and spine, little is known about the local structural consequences of these changes and, in particular, if they are sufficient to prevent @entity173 from a severe fall. The findings reviewed here thus emphasize the continuing need for combined intervention strategies that focus on fall prevention, on reductions in fall severity, and on maintaining or increasing bone mass and strength, either through targeted exercise programs or the use of osteodynamic agents. By developing and refining the factor of risk phi, a property that captures both the contributions of bone density and the confounding influences of body habitus and fall severity, we believe these intervention strategies can be targeted more appropriately. Based on such approaches and an improved understanding of the complex interplay between fall biomechanics and @entity79 in the etiology of @entity173 , there is hope that the growing worldwide epidemic of @entity173 among the elderly can be substantially abated.

title: Biomechanical considerations of hip and spine fractures in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity173 :: ('MESH:D006620', 'Disease') :: ['hip fractures', 'hip fracture']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone fragility']

answer: @entity79 :: (MESH:D001847,Disease) :: ['osteoporotic bone']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity378 continues to be a health problem in many countries. There may be simultaneous multiple organ involvement. Diagnosis of one organ disease may lead to missing off diagnosis of other organ involvement. OBJECTIVES: The present study was done to analyze the association of @entity17096 with @entity1907 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: Through purposive sampling a total of 23 @entity1 of suspected @entity17096 were primarily enrolled in this cross sectional study. History was taken and examinations were done to find out types of cutaneous lesions and to explore a @entity358 . Investigations including CBC with ESR, Mantoux test and skin biopsy were done for each and every @entity1 . Those who had @entity17096 on histopathology chest x-ray were done to detect @entity358 . After investigations 2 @entity1 were excluded due to absence of @entity281 . Finally 21 @entity1 were included in this study. Data were collected in a predesigned structured questionnaire. RESULTS: Out of 21 @entity1 16 (76.19%) were male and 5 (23.81%) were female with a male to female ratio of 3.2:1. Age range varies from 5-70 years with a mean of 29.76 +/- 1 8.2 years. MT was positive in 76.20% of @entity1 . CXR showed 23.81% of the @entity1 with cutaneous @entity1906 had simultaneous @entity358 . The association is statistically significant (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with @entity17096 may have @entity358 in a statistically significant number. In any @entity1 with cutaneous @entity1906 , meticulous systemic examinations and relevant investigations have to be done to explore @entity358 .

title: Study on association of XXXX with @entity1907 .

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['tubercular infection']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary involvement', 'pulmonary lesions']

entities_list: @entity378 :: ('MESH:D014376', 'Disease') :: ['Tuberculosis']

entities_list: @entity17096 :: ('MESH:D014382', 'Disease') :: ['cutaneous tuberculosis']

entities_list: @entity1907 :: ('MESH:D014397', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary tuberculosis']

answer: @entity17096 :: (MESH:D014382,Disease) :: ['cutaneous tuberculosis']


abstract: The prognostic significance of multidrug resistance (MDR) gene expression is controversial. We investigated whether @entity1262 ( @entity1262 ), @entity31258 ( @entity31258 ) and lung resistance protein ( @entity30926 ) mRNA expression are associated with outcomes in @entity3052 @entity1 . At diagnosis we examined @entity1262 , @entity31258 and @entity30926 mRNA expression in bone marrow samples from 71 @entity3052 @entity1 (39 myeloid, 32 lymphoblastic) using nested RT-PCR. The expression of each of these genes was then expressed as a ratio in relation to @entity217 gene expression, and the three genes were categorized as being either 0, 1+, 2+ or 3+. @entity1262 , @entity31258 and @entity30926 mRNA expression was detected in 23.9%, 83.1% and 45.1 %, respectively. @entity30926 mRNA expression was significantly associated with resistance to induction chemotherapy in @entity3052 @entity1 , and in the AML proportion (p=0.02 and p=0.03, respectively). @entity31258 and high @entity1262 mRNA expression was associated with poorer 2-yr survival (p=0.049 and p=0.04, respectively). @entity1 expressing both @entity31258 and @entity30926 mRNA had poorer outcomes and had worse 2-yr survival. The present data suggest that MDR expression affects complete remission and survival rates in @entity3052 @entity1 . Thus, determination of MDR gene expression at diagnosis appears likely to provide useful prognostic information for @entity3052 @entity1 .

title: Prognostic significance of @entity1262 ( XXXX ), @entity31258 ( @entity31258 ) and lung resistance protein ( @entity30926 ) mRNA expression in @entity3052 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1262 :: ('5243', 'Gene') :: ['MDR1', 'multidrug resistance gene 1']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute leukemia']

entities_list: @entity31258 :: ('84798', 'Gene') :: ['MRP', 'multidrug resistance-related protein']

answer: @entity1262 :: (5243,Gene) :: ['MDR1']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To measure surrogate markers of @entity3459 activation as well as of the systemic inflammatory response in @entity1 undergoing primary elective coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) using either the so-called Smart suction device or a continuous autotransfusion system (C.A.T.S.  ). METHODS: Fifty-eight @entity1 being operated with a miniaturized circuit (minimal extracorporeal circuit, MECC) were prospectively randomized to using a so-called Smart suction device or a routine continuous autotransfusion system (C.A.T.S.  ) for collection of mediastinal shed blood. The @entity3459 response was measured by thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT) and D-dimer. The inflammatory response was measured by @entity650 ( @entity650 ) and complement factor 3a ( @entity4417 ) at three different time points, before surgery, 2h after surgery, as well as 18 h after surgery. RESULTS: No serious adverse cardiovascular event was observed. Serum levels of TAT significantly differed between both groups 2h after surgery (Smart suction 16.12    13.51  g l      vs C.A.T.S   9.83    7.81  g l     , p = 0.040) and returned to baseline values after 18 h in both groups. Serum levels of D-dimer showed a corresponding pattern with a peak 2h after surgery (Smart suction 1115    1231 ng ml      vs C.A.T.S.   507    604 ng ml     , p = 0.025). @entity650 levels also significantly differed between both groups 2h after surgery (Smart suction 186    306 pg ml      vs C.A.T.S.   82    71 pg ml     , p = 0.072). No significant changes in serum levels of @entity4417 over time could be observed. CONCLUSIONS: Despite no differences in the clinical course of @entity1 with either Smart suction or C.A.T.S.   being observed, surrogate markers of @entity3459 and @entity32 seem to be less pronounced in @entity1 where cardiotomy blood is not being directly reinfused. As such, C.A.T.S.   should be preferred in routine CABG, as long as no extensive volume substitution is anticipated.

title: Autotransfusion system or integrated automatic suction device in minimized extracorporeal circulation: influence on XXXX and inflammatory response.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity3459 :: ('MESH:D025861', 'Disease') :: ['coagulation']

answer: @entity3459 :: (MESH:D025861,Disease) :: ['coagulation']


abstract: @entity6537 may occur, primarily with or without overt parenchymal @entity706 or secondarily from a variety of other @entity706 . The diagnosis is frequently based on cytologic features and/or a limited panel of ancillary techniques. Twenty-seven cytology samples from the vitreous preparations of 20 @entity1 with clinical suspicion or histopathologic diagnoses of @entity706 were retrospectively reviewed (2007-2011). Floaters and decreased visual acuity were the most common ocular symptoms. Sixteen (of 20) @entity1 had at least one cytology that was "positive" or "suspicious" for @entity706 (F = 10; M = 6, median age = 71 years, range = 52-82). Involvement was limited to the eye in half of the cases (n = 8). Seven @entity1 had CNS involvement, and three had @entity706 . Cytologic specimens were classified as @entity1892 ( @entity1892 ) (n = 13), suspicious for @entity1892 (n = 5), atypical/negative (n = 5), and consistent with @entity784 (n = 1). Three cytologic samples were acellular. Cytologic findings included increased cellularity (high n = 7, moderate n = 7), large to medium (n = 19) cell size, marked nuclear irregularities (n = 12), frequent apoptosis (n = 7), lymphoglandular bodies (n = 12), and @entity39 (n = 12). Easily identifiable mitotic figures were present in two cases. @entity2225 immunocytochemistry performed in 15 cases with available cell blocks/destained cytospins preparations, was confirmatory in 8 cases. Cytologic evaluation of @entity6537 is possible in vitreous specimens. Extraocular involvement was not present in half of the cases. The most useful cytologic features include increased cellularity, @entity39 , and nuclear enlargement. Ancillary immunocytochemical studies are useful and support the morphologic impression in a subset of cases.

title: Cytologic features in vitreous preparations of @entity1 with suspicion of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma', 'systemic lymphoma', 'CNS lymphoma', 'lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity784 :: ('MESH:D016399', 'Disease') :: ['NK-T cell lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ['large B cell lymphoma', 'LBCL']

entities_list: @entity6537 :: ('MESH:D064090', 'Disease') :: ['intraocular lymphoma', 'Intraocular lymphoma']

answer: @entity6537 :: (MESH:D064090,Disease) :: ['intraocular lymphoma']


abstract: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of a newly designed rehabilitation program for postoperative @entity1 with @entity0 . This was achieved through examinations to clarify the range of motion (ROM) of the shoulder joint, @entity282 and recovery of activities of daily living (ADL). The ROM of the shoulder joint was evaluated with respect to five items and determinations were carried out five times. @entity1 were orally questioned four times regarding their @entity158 after surgery, movement-associated @entity662 , @entity158 at night and operative wound @entity158 . Evaluation of the ADL after discharge was conducted using a three-level rating method at postoperative week 4 and week 12. A total of 72 @entity1 were studied, comprising 39 who underwent pectoral muscle-conserving mastectomy and 33 who underwent breast-conserving surgery. The arm movement of forward raising showed the greatest decline, followed by lateral raising of the arm. Postoperative time-course changes in internal/external arm rotation, as well as backward arm raising were slight. Comparison of the operative procedures revealed differences only for lateral arm raising at postoperative week 4, while there were no differences in any of the shoulder joint movements. Lowering of the ROM of the shoulder joint was more marked at an earlier time (week 1 to week 2) after surgery, but it was not statistically significant. @entity158 at night and operative wound @entity158 were prolonged over the period, and reported in postoperative week 1 to week 12 by 3-15% of @entity1 . All ADL items became almost normal in approximately 90% of @entity1 at postoperative week 4. The efficacy of the present rehabilitation program early after surgery was demonstrated in terms of recovery of ADL as well as the ROM of the arm on the affected side.

title: Evaluation of a new rehabilitation program for postoperative XXXX with @entity0 .

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['chest pain']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative pain']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: Colonoscopy without sedation has several advantages over sedated colonoscopy, but a considerable proportion of @entity1 experience @entity158 . The aim of this study was to develop a risk stratification model of pre-examination risk factors to enable targeted sedation during colonoscopy. @entity1 AND METHODS: Between October 2011 and January 2012, consecutive outpatients who were willing to start colonoscopy without sedation at 11 Norwegian centers were prospectively recruited. @entity1 recorded @entity158 on a validated 4-point scale (none, slight, moderate, or severe @entity158 ). Potential risk factors for a @entity158 procedure (defined as moderate or severe @entity158 ) were evaluated using multivariate logistic regression analyses, and the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUROC) was calculated to assess the discriminatory ability of the derived model. RESULTS: A total of 1198 @entity1 (635 @entity1 and 563 @entity1 ) were included. Seven independent, pre-procedural risk factors for @entity1 @entity158 were identified: female sex, age < 40 years, previous abdominal surgery, abdominal @entity158 as indication for colonoscopy, anticipation of @entity158 , previous @entity158 , and a history of @entity4436 . In @entity1 with 0, 1, 2, or >=  3 risk factors, a @entity158 was experienced by 35 %, 43 %, 52 %, and 63 % of @entity1 and 18 %, 24 %, 35 %, and 63 % of @entity1 , respectively. The model showed modest discrimination abilities (AUROC = 0.69). CONCLUSION: Female sex was a strong risk factor for @entity158 during colonoscopy, and sedation or @entity1337 should be considered for all @entity1 prior to colonoscopy. For male @entity1 , the presence of multiple risk factors should encourage the endoscopist to offer sedation.

title: Risk stratification to predict XXXX during unsedated colonoscopy: results of a multicenter cohort study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1337 :: ('MESH:D000699', 'Disease') :: ['analgesia']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['painful colonoscopy', 'pain', 'painful']

entities_list: @entity4436 :: ('MESH:D004238', 'Disease') :: ['diverticulitis']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: Invasive prenatal diagnosis procedures are numerous and more or less @entity158 and stressful. The purpose of this study was to investigate maternal perception of both @entity148 and @entity158 before and after amniocentesis (AC) or transabdominal @entity18565 ( @entity18565 ), to determine factors associated with @entity158 and @entity148 , and to evaluate the @entity158 support. This is a prospective study evaluating the professional practices at CHRU of Lille between March and May 2009 with 132 AC and 22 @entity18565 by aspiration. An original questionnaire has been elaborated in three parts: the first one fulfilled by @entity1 before the procedure, the second one, after the procedure, and the last one by the medical team. Statistical comparisons have used the Chi(2) test, the Fisher exact test, the Student's t test and the U test of Mann Whitney. RESULTS: The @entity148 level is high but does not differ between the two groups AC and @entity18565 . @entity18565 are more @entity158 than AC (EVA 5.77 versus 3.07, P<0.0001). No predisposing factor for @entity148 has been found. On the other side, procedures are more @entity158 when they are long lasting, considered difficult by the medical team, when needles used are large, the number of needle insertions increases, puncture is performed along a side of the uterus, @entity1 are anxious, and then procedure indication is an @entity3609 . @entity1 are satisfied in 98.7% of cases of the support of the medical team. Few drug treatments was prescribed (only 4.5%), however, @entity1 are generally applicant. CONCLUSION: An analgesic, anxiolytic, or a relaxation technique can be proposed to anxious and applicant @entity1 undergoing @entity18565 . Technical conditions of the procedure are more difficult to improve, however, we should use if possible thinner needles, and avoid, wherever technically possible, the punctures on the lateral side of the uterus. Finally, further studies seem necessary for the evaluation of a treatment protocol.

title: [Assessment of @entity148 , XXXX and its management in prenatal diagnosis procedures].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity18565 :: ('MESH:C564876', 'Disease') :: ['CVS', 'chorionic villus sampling']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'painful']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Minimally invasive endoscopic resection (MIER) has emerged as the standard for surgical management of benign and malignant sinonasal and skull-base @entity5 . The objective of the present study was to assess sinonasal quality of life (QOL) and to analyze factors that impact symptomatology after surgery. METHODS: This single-institution observational cohort study was performed on 94 @entity1 over a 3-year period. RESULTS: The mean age was 55.2 years, with male:female ratio of 1.5:1. Benign and @entity5 were observed in 48% and 52% of @entity1 , respectively. The cohort's mean preoperative 20-item Sino-Nasal Outcomes Test score (SNOT-20) was 1.27, decreasing to 0.91 (p = 0.002) at 6 months postoperatively. @entity1 with @entity5 had a lower mean preoperative SNOT-20 score of 1.11 that decreased to 0.58 (p = 0.002), whereas @entity1 with @entity5 had a higher mean preoperative SNOT-20 score of 1.27, decreasing to 1.03 (p = 0.134) at 6 months postoperatively. The SNOT-20 scores for females improved 0.53 (p = 0.002) compared to 0.23 (p = 0.154) for males at 6 months. Statistically significant sinonasal QOL improvement was noted in nonsmokers (0.62, p = 0.0006), @entity1 with no prior radiation or chemotherapy (0.59, p = 0.0029), and @entity1 with no prior surgery (0.51, p = 0.0012). Multiple variable regression analysis demonstrated that the 2 strongest predictors for lack of SNOT-20 improvement were previous history of smoking (p < 0.05) and prior radiation and/or chemotherapy (p < 0.01) (R(2) = 0.24). CONCLUSION: MIER results in overall improvement in SNOT-20 scores, with greater change being noted in females and in @entity1 with @entity5 . Prior smoking and chemoradiation strongly predict decreased improvement in sinonasal QOL after surgery.

title: Sinonasal quality of life outcomes after minimally invasive resection of sinonasal and skull-base XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant tumors', 'benign neoplasms', 'benign tumors', 'neoplasms']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumors']


abstract: Endothelial cells (EC) are subjected to hemodynamic forces in vivo. However, most in vitro studies of EC biology have been performed utilizing stationary culture conditions. To study the morphology and cytoskeletal features of EC under dynamic culture conditions, we utilize a system capable of exerting repetitive strain on cells in culture. @entity1 saphenous vein EC were plated to a subconfluent density in 25-mm wells with a thin flexible bottom and a @entity35 collagen, Type I surface. A -20 kPascals vacuum applied to the bottoms led to a maximum deformation of 24%. EC were exposed to 0.5 sec deformation alternating with 0.5 sec relaxation (60 cycles/min) for 24 hr. EC were fixed with @entity406 at different time intervals and stained with @entity1686 . Actin filaments were stained with @entity10034 , an F-actin marker, while beta-tubulin and @entity2277 were visualized by immunofluorescent antibody techniques. Within 15 min after initiation of cyclic strain, actin stress fibers were aligned perpendicular to the force vector. By 12 hr of cyclic strain EC were elongated and oriented in the same direction as the actin filaments. EC elongation and alignment were inhibited by cytochalasin B. Even up to 24 hr of cyclic strain, beta-tubulin and @entity2277 distributions were unaltered. We propose that cyclic strain of EC in vitro influences cell alignment and elongation by a mechanism dependent on the actin filament system.

title: Morphological response of XXXX endothelial cells subjected to cyclic strain in vitro.

entities_list: @entity1686 :: ('MESH:D005840', 'Chemical') :: ['crystal violet']

entities_list: @entity406 :: ('MESH:D005557', 'Chemical') :: ['formalin']

entities_list: @entity10034 :: ('MESH:C504731', 'Chemical') :: ['rhodamine phalloidin']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim was to review a single-institution experience of a prospective treatment protocol for soft tissue @entity242 of the extremity and trunk wall, with particular focus on the smallest surgical margin leading to local control. METHODS: The study included 270 @entity1 who had surgery for soft tissue @entity242 at Helsinki University Central Hospital between 1987 and 1997. Resection margins were measured prospectively from @entity5 specimens. Radiotherapy was administered if the smallest margin measured less than 2.5 cm, irrespective of @entity5 grade. RESULTS: With a median follow-up of 6.6 years, the 5-year local control rate was 76.4 per cent. On multivariable analysis, the smallest surgical margin around the @entity242 (after radiotherapy) was prognostic for local control. A margin of at least 2.5 cm was associated with a local recurrence-free rate of 89.2 per cent at 5 years. @entity5 size, depth or grade and @entity1 's age had no independent prognostic effect on local control. CONCLUSION: Surgical margin had independent prognostic value for local control. A surgical margin of 2-3 cm provided reasonable local control of soft tissue @entity242 , even without radiotherapy. Radiotherapy is recommended for smaller margins, irrespective of @entity5 grade.

title: Impact of the smallest surgical margin on local control in soft tissue XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Tumour', 'tumour']

answer: @entity242 :: (MESH:D012509,Disease) :: ['sarcoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate @entity1 ' reported outcome following medication with two brands of 400 mg @entity5018 used to alleviate @entity4512 . METHODS: Adult peasant manual laborers (85) who met criteria were randomly assigned to receive either of the brands (A or B). Data on @entity158 alleviation were gathered using the Short-Form McGill @entity158 Questionnaire (SF-MPQ), Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Present @entity158 Intensity (PPI), and Clinical Global Impression of Improvement (CGII) scales. Interval data obtained from the two brands were compared using the Students' t-test at 95% confidence interval. RESULTS: There were 42 @entity1 , mean age=29.2 (SD=1.37) assigned to brand A and 43 (mean age=28.8 SD=1.14) in brand B of @entity5018 400 mg. Brand B was consistently rated higher than brand A. Scores for medication efficacy were 10.4 (SD=1.65) (brand A) and 11.4 (SD=1.68) (brand B); t=2.768, P=0.007. Alleviation of @entity158 symptoms: 10.8 (SD=1.64) and 11.6 (SD=1.72); t = 2.194, P=0.031. Similarly, rated scores on the impact of @entity158 on quality of life were 10.5 (SD=2.00) and 12.1 (SD=1.85); t=3.830, P<0.001. There was a reduction in Present @entity158 Intensity scores by 32.7% and 34.3% for Brand A and brand B @entity1 respectively. The decrease in Visual Analog @entity158 scale score was 35.9% and 37.3% for brand A and brand B @entity1 respectively. The decrease in SF-MPQ was by 85.1% and 69.9% for the brand A and brand B groups respectively. The clinical global impression of improvement for both groups of @entity1 indicated an improvement rate of 71.4% and 61.9% for brand A and 81.4% and 74.4% for brand B @entity1 . CONCLUSION: This clinical study infers that though the two brands of @entity5018 400 mg are legally pharmaceutical equivalent, they are not clinically equivalent. In most of the parameters evaluated, brand B was rated more efficacious than brand A. This explains the @entity1 ' preferences and demand for this brand of @entity5018 in the Nigerian community.

title: XXXX -reported outcomes of therapy with two brands of @entity5018 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5018 :: ('MESH:D007052', 'Chemical') :: ['ibuprofen']

entities_list: @entity4512 :: ('MESH:D059352', 'Disease') :: ['musculoskeletal pains']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patient']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Diffuse @entity4904 is rare and usually considered a variant of @entity31106 . It generally involves the extremities of @entity1 with severe @entity455 and other comorbidities. Two @entity1 with breast involvement have been described; however, neither had a relevant medical history or a @entity432 , but both had large pendulous breasts, and 1 was positive for IgM anticardiolipin and antinuclear antibodies. OBSERVATIONS: A 53-year-old @entity1 had a reticulated, @entity527 with superficial ulceration and underlying tender nodules on her left breast. She had a history of @entity65 and was a heavy smoker. Biopsy of the lesion showed diffuse proliferation of additional endothelial cells and small bland vessels within the papillary and upper @entity2363 . Angiography showed almost complete occlusion of the subclavian artery proximally. Diffuse @entity4904 was diagnosed. With @entity10211 therapy, the lesions improved. One month later, after percutaneous subclavian arterial revascularization, the lesion resolved completely. A literature review suggested that a history of heavy smoking, in addition to a history of @entity455 , may be important in the pathogenesis of diffuse @entity4904 . CONCLUSIONS: Clinical acumen is crucial to diagnose @entity2402 of the breast. Appropriate treatment to alleviate @entity519 may improve the @entity1 's condition.

title: Diffuse XXXX of the breast.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2402 :: ('MESH:D010015', 'Disease') :: ['diffuse angiomatosis']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular disease']

entities_list: @entity527 :: ('MESH:D058225', 'Disease') :: ['erythematous plaque']

entities_list: @entity31106 :: ('MESH:C535293', 'Disease') :: ['reactive angioendotheliomatosis']

entities_list: @entity10211 :: ('MESH:D015474', 'Chemical') :: ['isotretinoin']

entities_list: @entity4904 :: ('MESH:D000798', 'Disease') :: ['dermal angiomatosis']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['vaso-occlusive disorder']

entities_list: @entity2363 :: ('MESH:C538361', 'Disease') :: ['reticular dermis']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity4904 :: (MESH:D000798,Disease) :: ['dermal angiomatosis']


abstract: Our 3-year clinical experience using recombinant interferon (rIFN) alpha-C in @entity1 with @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ) is summarized. This type of IFN is a new subspecies of the @entity3027 protein family. Its specific activity is 1-2 x 10(9) U/mg protein, the highest among @entity3027 species presently available. Pharmacokinetic study indicated good bioavailability of the preparation from the intramuscular injection. A phase II study was performed to assess the response rate related to rIFN-alpha C at a low dosage. A dose of 3 x 10(6) U daily was administered, followed by 3 x 10(6) U/m2 every other day to avoid severe @entity137 . Among 33 treated @entity1 , a partial remission rate of 9.7% and stable disease rate of 25.8% were achieved. Side effects were usually mild and the treatment was well tolerated by the @entity1 . However, @entity1032 and behavioral changes were observed in five @entity1 with @entity1358 treated by rIFN-alpha C and were related to @entity2359 of IFN. The role of @entity5713 in addition to IFN in the treatment of @entity1358 was assessed in nine @entity1 who had failed on IFN alone. No response was observed. It appeared that @entity5713 had little if any effect in being added to IFN as second-line therapy. We conclude that rIFN-alpha C has moderate activity in the treatment of @entity1358 . Familiarity with the possible @entity137 of this agent will lead to more careful management of @entity1 .

title: Our experience with interferon alpha: XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['mental deterioration']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['RCC', 'metastatic renal cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5713 :: ('MESH:D014747', 'Chemical') :: ['vinblastine']

entities_list: @entity2359 :: ('MESH:D020258', 'Disease') :: ['neurotoxicity']

answer: @entity1358 :: (MESH:D002292,Disease) :: ['renal cell carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Hidden peanut in consumer products can endanger @entity1 with @entity16244 . Individual threshold doses for eliciting @entity56 need to be elucidated to assess the risks for development of @entity56 after accidental ingestion of peanut in a population with @entity16244 . OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine the distribution of individual threshold doses in a population with @entity16244 and to correlate these thresholds to the severity of peanut-induced symptoms. METHODS: Twenty-six adult @entity1 with a convincing history of peanut-related symptoms, a specific IgE level of 0.7 kU/L or greater, or a positive skin prick test response of 2+ or greater to peanut were included. These @entity1 underwent double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenges with increasing doses of peanut. A threshold dose could be established when objective or repetitive subjective reactions occurred after active doses. RESULTS: All @entity1 had subjective oral symptoms (n = 26), prior subjective @entity344 (n = 14), or objective symptoms (n = 5). Reactions started within 30 minutes after ingestion of peanut, but in 2 @entity1 additional symptoms were delayed by 1 to 2 hours. Threshold doses for @entity56 ranged from a dose as low as 100 microg up to 1 g of peanut protein. Fifty percent of the study population (95% CI, 30%-70%) already had an @entity56 after ingestion of 3 mg of peanut protein. @entity1 with severe symptoms had lower threshold doses compared with those of @entity1 with mild symptoms (P =.027). CONCLUSIONS: A substantial part of a population with @entity16244 will react to very low amounts of peanut, requiring accurate declaration of peanut content in consumer products. This is even more important because @entity1 with severe reactions react to lower doses than @entity1 with mild symptoms.

title: The distribution of individual threshold doses eliciting XXXX in a population with @entity16244 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic reaction', 'allergic reactions']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal symptoms']

entities_list: @entity16244 :: ('MESH:D021183', 'Disease') :: ['peanut allergy']

answer: @entity56 :: (MESH:D004342,Disease) :: ['allergic reactions']


abstract: The fibrinolytic capacity of blood depends mainly on the amount of @entity3479 ( @entity3479 ) activity and @entity2289 ( @entity2289 ) activity. Previous studies linked high @entity2289 activity or low @entity3479 activity with the development of @entity731 and @entity1031 . Yet, there are conflicting reports in the literature as to whether there is higher @entity2289 activity in @entity1 with @entity583 ( @entity583 ) than in @entity1 with @entity453 ( @entity453 ) without previous @entity583 . In this retrospective study, @entity3479 activity, @entity3479 antigen, and @entity2289 activity before and after a @entity432 test (VOT) of 10 min were assessed in 109 @entity1 with angiographically documented @entity453 , in two subgroups of @entity453 @entity1 with (n = 66) or without (n = 43) previous @entity583 , and in subgroups of @entity453 @entity1 according to their @entity412 levels and other risk factors. The mean values of @entity3479 activity in the whole @entity1 group showed a 100-fold increase and a 3.1-fold increase in @entity3479 antigen after VOT (0.03 +/- 0.03 to 3.0 +/- 6.8 U/ml and 16.5 +/- 6.9 to 51.0 +/- 25.4 ng/ml, p < 0.05). @entity2289 activity was 24.4 +/- 11.0 before and 19.6 +/- 13.2 U/ml after VOT. Within the @entity453 group, no difference was found between @entity1 without @entity583 and survivors of previous @entity583 in @entity2289 activity before VOT (24.6 +/- 10.7 vs. 24.3 +/- 11.3 U/ml) and after VOT (19.0 +/- 12.1 vs 20.0 +/- 14.0 U/ml), or @entity3479 activity before (0.03 +/- 0.01 vs. 0.04 +/- 0.04 U/ml) and after VOT (2.8 +/- 7.0 vs. 3.2 +/- 6.7 U/ml). In 39.4% of @entity453 @entity1 elevated plasma @entity2289 activity before VOT (> 25 U/ml) was found. This subgroup of @entity1 represented the highest @entity2289 activity after VOT (p < 0.05), the lowest @entity3479 activity after VOT (p < 0.001), and the highest @entity412 levels (p < 0.05). In 11% of the @entity1 , a small increase in @entity3479 activity (less than 0.5 U/ml) after VOT was seen. This group showed the lowest @entity3479 antigen after VOT (p < 0.001) and the highest fibrinogen level (p < 0.05). Both subgroups showed the same distribution among @entity1 with and without @entity583 . @entity453 @entity1 with @entity412 levels over 200 mg/dl had the highest @entity2289 activity values before VOT (28.3 +/- 11.8 U/ml; p < 0.01) and after VOT (24.9 +/- 13.2 U/ml; p < 0.01), resulting in low @entity3479 activity after VOT (p < 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: High @entity2289 activity with correlation to @entity412 and HDL cholesterol values in @entity1 with @entity453 with no difference in survivors of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2289 :: ('5054', 'Gene') :: ['PAI-1', 'PAI', 'plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'MI']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['thromboembolic diseases']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['CAD', 'coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['venous occlusion']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity3479 :: ('5327', 'Gene') :: ['tissue-type plasminogen activator', 't-PA']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarction']


abstract: ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Existing evidences suggest that Radix Astragali @entity13875 ( @entity13875 ) can improve muscle mass, but the mechanisms need more research. AIM OF THE STUDY: In this study, we aimed to examine the effects of @entity13875 on muscle wasting at molecular level in 5/6 nephrectomised @entity35 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed 5/6 nephrectomy or sham operation in 160 6-week-old @entity35 , and feed animals with or without 2% @entity13875 for 155 days. After treatment, we compared the change of weight, muscle fibre, protein metabolism, pro-inflammatory factors ( @entity1505 , IL-15, CRP) and oxidative factors ( @entity1865 , SOD) among each group. In addition, we detected the @entity2308 / @entity3470 , ubiquitin proteasome, autophagy signalling and AA transporters in vivo and in vitro. RESULTS: Data in vivo show 2% @entity13875 could alleviate weight loss and improve protein metabolism in nephrectomised @entity35 . The levels of serum pro-inflammatory factors and oxidative factors were restored by @entity13875 treatment. In molecular levels, @entity13875 restored @entity2308 / @entity3470 , @entity18467 , @entity18468 , @entity50689 , LC3B-II/LC3B-I and @entity37637 which changed in nephrectomised @entity35 . Data in vitro show the optimal dose of @entity13875 is 0.2mg/mL, and @entity37637 siRNA attenuated the effects of 0.2mg/mL @entity13875 on @entity194 and autophagy. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggested @entity13875 could improve muscle wasting through @entity2308 / @entity3470 , ubiquitin proteasome and autophagy signalling, and @entity37637 may be one of potential targets.

title: Astragalus polysaccharides decrease muscle wasting through @entity2308 / XXXX , ubiquitin proteasome and autophagy signalling in 5/6 nephrectomised @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague-Dawley rats', 'rats']

entities_list: @entity13875 :: ('MESH:D058617', 'Disease') :: ['and its polysaccharides composition', 'APS']

answer: @entity3470 :: (21977(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['mTOR']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We evaluated the current results and the predictors of in-hospital complications for a pericardiectomy procedure for @entity3822 in Japan. METHODS: A total of 346 @entity1 who underwent isolated pericardiectomy for @entity3822 nationwide between 2008 and 2012 were identified from the Japan Adult Cardiovascular Surgery Database. RESULTS: The @entity1 were a mean age of 65.7    11.7 years. The operative approach was through a median sternotomy in 90% of the @entity1 . Cardiopulmonary bypass was used in 28.9%. The operative mortality rate was 10.0%, and the composite operative mortality or major morbidity ( @entity64 , reoperation for @entity548 , need for mechanical ventilation for more than 24 hours postoperatively due to @entity1576 , @entity177 with newly required dialysis or @entity1764 ) was 15.0%. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the predictive factors for composite operative mortality or major morbidity were preoperative @entity1030 (odds ratio [OR], 4.75; p < 0.001), New York Heart Association functional class IV (OR, 3.85; p < 0.001), previous @entity299 (OR, 2.68; p = .006), preoperative @entity177 (OR, 2.62; p = .014), and cardiopulmonary bypass during the operation (OR, 2.46; p = .015). The frequency of using cardiopulmonary bypass was 2.9% in the @entity1 treated through a left thoracotomy approach vs 31.8% in the @entity1 treated through a median sternotomy approach (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Pericardiectomy is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. Careful consideration should be given to these risk factors in the process of @entity1 selection and perioperative management.

title: Outcome of pericardiectomy for XXXX in Japan: a nationwide outcome study.

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity3822 :: ('MESH:D010494', 'Disease') :: ['constrictive pericarditis']

entities_list: @entity1764 :: ('MESH:D008480', 'Disease') :: ['mediastinitis']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac operation']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory failure']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic lung disease']

answer: @entity3822 :: (MESH:D010494,Disease) :: ['constrictive pericarditis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To analyze the survival of @entity1 classified N2M0 (N2 cytology/histology)with @entity1149 treated by surgical resection of the @entity5 , lymphadenectomy and neo-adjuvant therapy. @entity1 AND METHODS: Among 1,043 consecutive @entity1 with @entity2 treated between 1990 and 2000, 155 were classified N2M0 by histology. Of 130 @entity1 undergoing thoracotomy, excision of the primary @entity2 and lymphadenectomy were performed in 116. Among the 116 N2M0 @entity1 undergoing surgical resection, 23 were diagnosed N2c(c3)by mediastinoscopy and/or mediastinotomy and received induction chemotherapy (CT) with @entity1138 / @entity1260 / @entity900 (3 cycles)and 93 were diagnosed N2pM0 after examination of samples of mediastinal lymph tissue taken during thoracotomy; for 19 of these @entity1 ,earlier surgical exploration of the mediastinum had been negative. The @entity1 diagnosed N2p after thoracotomy also received CT and/or radiotherapy (RT). N2p @entity1 who received induction CT also received RT. Those who were negative after lymphadenectomy and severely ill @entity1 received no adjuvant therapy of any type. RESULTS: Mean survival of resected @entity1 (23/49) diagnosed N2(C3) by mediastinoscopy/mediastinotomy and who received induction CT was 18 months. Survival at 1, 2 and 5 years was 80%, 45% and 30%, respectively. No @entity204 occurred in this group. One @entity1 developed a @entity292 . Nine @entity1 showed no signs of residual mediastinal node disease after lymphadenectomy. The mean survival of resected @entity1 (93/106) diagnosed N2p after thoracotomy was 13 months and survival rates at 1, 2 and 5 years were 56%, 31% and 19%,respectively. Fourteen @entity1 in this group died within 30 days of surgery. Nine @entity1 developed @entity292 . The difference in survival between the two groups was not significant. CONCLUSIONS: Histologic or cytologic confirmation of N2 disease can be considered to indicate poor prognosis. Standard, complete surgery with induction CT in selected @entity1 improves survival for those diagnosed N2 upon thoracotomy, with no statistically significant differences.

title: [Surgery and combined therapy for XXXX with invasion of the mediastinal nodes. A retrospective study].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['primary tumor']

entities_list: @entity1138 :: ('MESH:D016685', 'Chemical') :: ['mitomycin']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary tumor', 'lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity292 :: ('MESH:D005402', 'Disease') :: ['bronchopleural fistulas', 'bronchopleural fistula']

entities_list: @entity1260 :: ('MESH:D007069', 'Chemical') :: ['ifosfamide']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative deaths']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']


abstract: New treatment options are required for primary @entity1582 ( @entity2783 ). This phase 1 dose-escalation component of a phase 1/2 study in relapsed @entity2783 aimed to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of @entity1749 once weekly (0.7-1.6 mg/m(2); days 1, 8, 15, and 22; 35-day cycles) and twice weekly (0.7-1.3 mg/m(2); days 1, 4, 8, and 11; 21-day cycles) and assess preliminary hematologic responses. Thirty-one @entity1 with relapsed @entity2783 were enrolled across 7 cohorts. Dose-limiting @entity137 included grade 3 @entity712 in 2 @entity1 (1 at once weekly, 1.6 mg/m(2), and 1 at twice weekly, 1.0 mg/m(2)). MTD was not defined for either schedule; the maximum doses of 1.6 mg/m(2) (once weekly) and 1.3 mg/m(2) (twice weekly) are being used in phase 2 evaluation. Most commonly reported @entity137 on both schedules included @entity344 . Discontinuations and dose reductions for @entity137 were reported in 12 and 4 @entity1 , respectively. No treatment-related @entity204 occurred. Hematologic responses occurred in 15 (50%) of 30 evaluable @entity1 , including 6 (20%) complete responses. Median time to first response was 1.2 months. Once-weekly and twice-weekly @entity1749 appear generally well tolerated in relapsed @entity2783 , with promising hematologic responses. This study is registered with http://ClinicalTrials.Gov under identifier NCT00298766.

title: Weekly and twice-weekly XXXX in @entity1 with @entity1582 : results of a phase 1 dose-escalation study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal events, fatigue, and nervous system disorders']

entities_list: @entity1582 :: ('MESH:D009101', 'Disease') :: ['systemic AL amyloidosis']

entities_list: @entity1749 :: ('MESH:C400082', 'Chemical') :: ['bortezomib']

answer: @entity1749 :: (MESH:C400082,Chemical) :: ['bortezomib']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity24478 's rapid onset and short duration of action in @entity1 suggests that intramuscular administration might treat @entity8822 and facilitate tracheal intubation without producing prolonged @entity912 . Accordingly, the authors measured the neuromuscular effects of intramuscular @entity24478 in anesthetized @entity1 and @entity1 . METHODS: Twenty unpremedicated @entity1 and @entity1 (3 months to 5 yr of age) were anesthetized with @entity3810 and @entity1508 and permitted to breathe spontaneously. When anesthetic conditions were stable, @entity24478 was injected into the quadriceps or deltoid muscle. Minute ventilation and adductor pollicis twitch tension were measured. The initial @entity24478 dose was 250 micrograms/kg and was increased (to a maximum of 800 micrograms/kg, at which dose the trial was ended) or decreased according to the response of the previous @entity1 , the goal being to bracket the dose producing 80-90% twitch @entity308 within 5 min of drug administration. RESULTS: No @entity1 achieved > 80% twitch @entity308 within 5 min of @entity24478 administration. Peak twitch @entity308 was 90 +/- 13% (mean +/- SD) for @entity1 and 88 +/- 15% for @entity1 at 15.0 +/- 4.6 min and 18.4 +/- 6.4 min, respectively. @entity308 (a 50% decrease in minute ventilation or a 10-mmHg increase in end-tidal @entity544 tension) occurred at 9.0 +/- 4.4 min in nine @entity1 and 13.6 +/- 7.5 min in 10 @entity1 ; @entity308 did not develop in one @entity1 given a dose of 350 micrograms/kg. Time to peak twitch @entity308 was not faster with larger doses. CONCLUSIONS: Although @entity308 preceded twitch @entity308 , both occurred later with intramuscular @entity24478 than would be expected after intravenous @entity24478 or intramuscular @entity2900 . The authors speculate that the onset of intramuscular @entity24478 is too slow to treat @entity8822 or to facilitate routine tracheal intubation in @entity1 or @entity1 , despite administration of large doses.

title: Is intramuscular XXXX an alternative to intramuscular @entity2900 ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patient', 'infants', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Ventilatory depression', 'ventilatory depression', 'depression or ventilatory depression', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity1508 :: ('MESH:D006221', 'Chemical') :: ['halothane']

entities_list: @entity24478 :: ('MESH:C049430', 'Chemical') :: ['mivacurium', 'Mivacurium']

entities_list: @entity3810 :: ('MESH:D009609', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrous oxide']

entities_list: @entity544 :: ('MESH:D002245', 'Chemical') :: ['carbon dioxide']

entities_list: @entity8822 :: ('MESH:D007826', 'Disease') :: ['laryngospasm']

entities_list: @entity2900 :: ('MESH:D013390', 'Chemical') :: ['succinylcholine']

entities_list: @entity912 :: ('MESH:D010243', 'Disease') :: ['paralysis']

answer: @entity24478 :: (MESH:C049430,Chemical) :: ['mivacurium']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The use of spectrin breakdown products (SBDPs) and Tau protein levels for diagnosis and a mild @entity2332 therapy for treatment of neonatal @entity2806 ( @entity2806 ) was evaluated. One hundred and fifty @entity1 , with @entity2806 within 12 h after birth, participated in the study. There were 30 newborns with mild symptoms, 60 with moderate symptoms, 60 with severe symptoms, and 30 in a control group. Regular therapy was used for the control and the mild @entity2806 groups, and also for 30 cases in the group with moderate symptoms and for 30 in the group with severe symptoms. For the remaining @entity1 , with moderate and severe symptoms, mild @entity2332 therapy was used instead. A sandwich ELISA measured plasma concentrations of SBDPs and Tau proteins, at different time-points. For clinical follow-up, the neonatal behavioral neurological assessment (NBNA) assay and the Gesell development scale were performed at different time-points. The levels of SBDP and Tau proteins increased with the exacerbation of @entity2806 , and decreased with the prolongation of therapy with statistically significant differences amongst groups. After treatment, the levels of SBDP and Tau proteins in groups with moderate and severe symptoms treated with mild @entity2332 therapy were significantly lower than those of the groups treated with regular therapy. NBNA scores and the developmental quotient (DQ) were both worse with the increase in severity of @entity2806 , however, the scores of groups with moderate and severe symptoms treated with mild @entity2332 therapy were significantly better than those of groups treated with regular therapy (P<0.05). A gradual improvement of DQ was seen in the process of therapy in each group (P<0.05). According to a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, at a critical plasma concentration of SBDPs of 1.58 ng/ml, the sensitivity and specificity for @entity2806 diagnosis was 84.6 and 87.5%, respectively. The ROC analysis for Tau protein yielded a sensitivity and specificity of 79.5 and 96.9%, respectively, at a critical plasma concentration of 4.76 pg/ml. Given our results, SBDPs and Tau proteins are very useful for the early diagnosis of @entity2806 . Early application of mild @entity2332 therapy for the treatment of @entity2806 can greatly improve the function of neural development. These findings should greatly improve the evaluation and treatment approaches for @entity2806 .

title: SBDPs and Tau proteins for diagnosis and XXXX therapy in neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy.

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy', 'HIE']

entities_list: @entity2332 :: ('MESH:D007035', 'Disease') :: ['hypothermia']

answer: @entity2332 :: (MESH:D007035,Disease) :: ['hypothermia']