abstract: INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to compare the expression profiles of @entity11833 ( @entity11833 ), @entity20319 ( @entity20319 ), and betaIII-tubulin between @entity1 with primary @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) and those with metastatic lymph nodes and to identify the prognostic significance of each chemotherapy resistance protein. MATERIALS: Those who met the inclusion criteria were @entity1 (1) with @entity1149 , (2) with metastatic lymph nodes (N1 or N2), and (3) who underwent surgical resection followed by @entity902 -based adjuvant chemotherapy. A total of 82 @entity1 were included in the study. The expression profile of each protein was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and compared according to @entity5 location. RESULTS: The mean age of the @entity1 was 57.5 +/- 8.4 years. There were 30 N1 and 52 N2 @entity1 . @entity11833 expression was upregulated in 55% and downregulated in 8% of metastatic lymph nodes, when compared with @entity5 (p < 0.05). @entity20319 was also upregulated in 56% and downregulated in 6% (p < 0.05). However, betaIII-tubulin was upregulated in 12% and downregulated in 45% of @entity1 (p < 0.05). betaIII-tubulin expression in metastatic lymph nodes was greater in @entity1 with @entity420 than other cell types. Upregulation of @entity11833 in metastatic lymph nodes was a poor prognostic factor in N1 @entity1 but not in N2 @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Significant changes in the expression profile of each protein were observed in metastatic lymph nodes. The resistance protein-guided treatment should be performed after integrative interpretation of expression profiles of each protein in both primary and metastatic sites.

title: Differences in the expression profiles of @entity11833 , XXXX , and betaIII-tubulin between primary @entity1149 and metastatic lymph nodes and the significance in mid-term survival.

entities_list: @entity11833 :: ('2067', 'Gene') :: ['excision repair crosscomplementation group 1', 'ERCC1']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'primary tumors']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity20319 :: ('7515', 'Gene') :: ['x-ray repair crosscomplementation group 1', 'XRCC1']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['platinum']

answer: @entity20319 :: (7515,Gene) :: ['x-ray repair crosscomplementation group 1']


abstract: When Friend murine @entity6007 (F- @entity17506 ) cells are induced to differentiate by @entity3733 ( @entity3733 ), erythroid-specific genes are transcriptionally activated. The erythroid transcription factor @entity19360 is essential for enhancer activity of the globin locus control regions. @entity19360 functions as a heterocomplex consisting of a 45-kDa subunit (NF-E2p45) and a 18-kDa subunit (NF-E2p18). The larger subunit NF-E2p45 is tissue-restricted and is believed to play a role in globin gene expression in F- @entity17506 cells. The expression of the smaller subunit NF-E2p18, which is a @entity16408 family member ( @entity42654 ), is cell type- and developmental stage-specific. We have investigated the possible role of NF-E2p18 in Friend erythroid differentiation by stably transfecting either sense and antisense @entity42654 constructs into differentiation-sensitive 745A and partially defective-differentiation TFP10 cell lines. Overexpression of NF-E2p18 induced expression of globin transcripts in both cell lines and increased their sensitivity to erythroid differentiation when exposed to @entity3733 . Conversely, inhibition of @entity42654 expression by antisense transcripts resulted in the inhibition of @entity3733 -induced differentiation in both cell lines. These results indicate that NF-E2p18 is necessary for globin expression in F- @entity17506 cells and that it is the predominant gene of the @entity16408 family involved in @entity3733 -induced erythroid differentiation. Moreover F- @entity17506 clones overexpressing NF-E2p18 showed an increase in specific @entity19360 DNA-binding activity whereas this activity was decreased in clones expressing antisense @entity42654 . Finally, studies using transient transfection assays showed that @entity42654 activated @entity19360 site-dependent transcription in F- @entity17506 cells. These data suggest that NF-E2p18 can participate in @entity3733 -induced erythroid differentiation of F- @entity17506 cells by enhancing @entity19360 activity.

title: NF-E2p18/ @entity42654 is required in XXXX -induced differentiation of Friend @entity6007 cells by enhancing @entity19360 activity.

entities_list: @entity3733 :: ('MESH:D004121', 'Chemical') :: ['dimethylsulfoxide', 'DMSO']

entities_list: @entity6007 :: ('MESH:D004915', 'Disease') :: ['erythroleukemia']

answer: @entity3733 :: (MESH:D004121,Chemical) :: ['DMSO']


abstract: @entity158 due to bone @entity1188 is common in homozygous @entity3458 ( @entity66 ). Musculoskeletal pathology may be responsible for persistent atypical symptoms. We have assessed the frequency and ultrasound appearances of soft tissue and @entity2720 in @entity66 . @entity66 @entity1 with @entity85 were examined with ultrasound over a 2 year period. Ultrasound findings were correlated with those at surgery or percutaneous drainage. 31 episodes in 23 @entity1 were referred for ultrasound. There were 36 abnormalities in 18 @entity1 : @entity733 (n = 15), effusions (n = 5), soft tissue induration (n = 12), fat @entity39 (n = 2), haematoma (n = 1) and reactive lymph node (n = 1). Five examinations were normal. Soft @entity3145 in @entity1 over the age of 14 years were associated with intramuscular injections: fat @entity39 (n = 1), haematoma (n = 1), indurated soft tissue (n = 1) and @entity733 (n = 7). Soft @entity3145 with no underlying cause were seen in seven @entity1 : @entity733 (n = 4), indurated soft tissue (n = 2) and fat @entity39 (n = 1). Ultrasound is the imaging modality of choice for delineating these abnormalities and allows percutaneous drainage.

title: Sonographic detection and characterization of musculoskeletal and subcutaneous XXXX in @entity3458 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['SS disease']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity3145 :: ('MESH:D017695', 'Disease') :: ['tissue abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity3458 :: ('MESH:D000755', 'Disease') :: ['sickle cell disease']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['marrow infarction']

entities_list: @entity2720 :: ('MESH:D007592', 'Disease') :: ['joint abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['atypical musculoskeletal symptoms']

answer: @entity3145 :: (MESH:D017695,Disease) :: ['tissue abnormalities']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the outcomes of the clinical application of three-dimensionally preformed @entity702 mesh plates for posttraumatic complex orbital @entity174 reconstruction. METHODS: Thirteen @entity1 (13 eyes) manifested with @entity8924 (including orbital-zygomatic-maxillary @entity174 in 6 @entity1 , @entity79 in 5 @entity1 and complex multiple periorbital @entity174 in other 2 @entity1 ) underwent the reconstructive surgery by using three-dimensionally preformed @entity702 mesh plates. Eight cases underwent high density porous @entity691 implantation simultaneously. Evaluation of enophthalmos, @entity717 , and orbit CT scan were taken pre- and post-operatively. RESULTS: The average enophthalmos was (3.9    1.7) mm and the position of the affected eyeball was (3.1    2.6) mm bellow the contralateral side preoperatively. Twelve @entity1 suffered from @entity717 restriction, including grade I in 4 cases, grade II in 7 cases and grade III in 2 cases. During the 3 to 6 months post operative follow-up, enophthalmos was completely corrected in 10 @entity1 while the other 3 @entity1 had residual 1.0 mm enophthalmos. The affected eyeballs were repositioned in 8 cases and 3 cases had residual 1 mm lower position and 2 cases with a 1 mm higher positioned eyeball. Eye movement was not restricted in 8 @entity1 , whereas 3 @entity1 had grade I movement restriction and 2 @entity1 had grade II movement restriction. There were no rejection, infection and other complications during follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Three-dimensionally preformed @entity702 mesh plates can be used to reconstruct @entity79 in order to improve the orbital volume and to correct enophthalmos effectively.

title: [Three-dimensionally preformed @entity702 mesh plates for posttraumatic complex orbital XXXX reconstruction].

entities_list: @entity691 :: ('MESH:D020959', 'Chemical') :: ['polyethylene']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['bone fracture']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['nasal-orbital-ethmoid bone fracture', 'posttraumatic complex orbital bone fractures']

entities_list: @entity8924 :: ('MESH:D009917', 'Disease') :: ['complex orbital fractures']

entities_list: @entity702 :: ('MESH:D014025', 'Chemical') :: ['titanium']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['eyeball movement']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['bone fracture']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity3086 (LA) has improved the efficiency of @entity1 menopausal gonadotropins (hMG) in in vitro fertilization cycles. We hypothesized that the combination of LA/hMG/intrauterine insemination (IUI) would be more efficacious than hMG/IUI cycles. DESIGN: During an 18-month period, all @entity1 completing either a hMG/IUI cycle (group I) or a LA/hMG/IUI cycle (group II) had the characteristics and outcomes of their stimulation cycles assessed. The groups were not prospectively randomized. SETTING: Referral center at a tertiary care hospital. @entity1 : One hundred twenty three @entity1 in group I completed 219 cycles, and 64 @entity1 in group II completed 102 cycles. Twenty-eight of the @entity1 who failed to conceive with hMG/IUI were advanced to group II. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Pregnancy/IUI is compared between the two groups. RESULTS: Group II demonstrated significantly greater clinical pregnancy/IUI than group I (26.5% and 16.0%, respectively, P less than 0.05), as well as a higher live birth/IUI (21.6% and 12.8%, respectively, P less than 0.05). No difference was present in the rate of fetal wastage or multiple births. CONCLUSIONS: In our @entity1 with recalcitrant @entity249 , the addition of a @entity4396 agonist to hMG/IUI improved the pregnancy rate, without increasing the rate of multiple births or fetal wastage.

title: XXXX agonist improves the efficiency of controlled ovarian hyperstimulation/intrauterine insemination.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity3086 :: ('MESH:D016729', 'Chemical') :: ['Leuprolide acetate']

entities_list: @entity249 :: ('MESH:D007246', 'Disease') :: ['infertility']

entities_list: @entity4396 :: ('2796', 'Gene') :: ['gonadotropin-releasing hormone']

answer: @entity4396 :: (2796,Gene) :: ['Gonadotropin-releasing hormone']


abstract: After improvement of technical equipment continuous ambulatory blood pressure monitoring is more and more used in the diagnosis of @entity101 . New fully automatic systems permit a reliable registration and evaluation of 24-h blood pressure profiles. Typical circadian rhythmics of blood pressure, independent of a variability with different grades of activity, can be demonstrated in normotensive @entity1 and also in @entity1 with essential @entity101 . @entity1 with secondary forms of @entity101 show a nivellation or offset of circadian blood pressure rhythmics. A study was performed to examine the antihypertensive efficacy of the @entity460 antagonist @entity9805 , the @entity2161 -selective blocker @entity1406 , the beta-blocker with intrinsic activity Mepindolol and the @entity1289 inhibitor @entity4688 in @entity1 with mild to moderate @entity101 over a period of 6 month. Continuous ambulatory blood pressure monitoring was performed before and after 6 month of therapy. 98 of 299 included @entity1 broke off therapy, 47 of those because of side effects. @entity918 was given additionally if the antihypertensive effect of monotherapy was not sufficient after a period of 4 weeks. Morning blood pressure controls at the end of the treatment period showed normotensive values in all groups without significant differences between the groups before and at the end of the treatment period. The number of prescriptions of diuretics necessary to achieve normotension differed between the four treatment groups: @entity9805 (n = 5), @entity1406 (n = 7), @entity16986 (n = 14), @entity4688 (n = 20). In contrast to the morning blood pressure values the continuous 24-h blood pressure monitoring demonstrated significant differences between the therapy groups. @entity1406 turned out as most effective in lowering blood pressure and in reducing the number of systolic blood pressure peaks above 180 mmHg, but on the other hand showed the highest incidence of relative @entity551 (less than 100 mmHg systolic, less than 80 mmHg diastolic). Mepindolol demonstrated a significant lower efficacy. In the Nitrendipin group least of all prescriptions of diuretics were necessary and the lowest number of @entity551 systolic blood pressure values occurred. @entity4688 showed the most significant reduction of diastolic values above 100 mmHg and the lowest number of diastolic values below 80 mmHg, but the highest number of prescription of diuretics was necessary in the @entity4688 group. In none of the four therapy groups a neutralisation of circadian blood pressure rhythmics was demonstrable.

title: [Ambulatory continuous 24-hour blood pressure monitoring in the diagnosis and therapy of arterial @entity101 and modification by the antihypertensive agents @entity4688 , @entity1406 , @entity16986 and XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity4688 :: ('MESH:D004656', 'Chemical') :: ['Enalapril']

entities_list: @entity1289 :: ('1636', 'Gene') :: ['angiotensin converting enzyme']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity918 :: ('MESH:D006852', 'Chemical') :: ['Hydrochlorothiazide']

entities_list: @entity9805 :: ('MESH:D009568', 'Chemical') :: ['Nitrendipine']

entities_list: @entity2161 :: ('153', 'Gene') :: ['beta 1-adrenoceptor']

entities_list: @entity1406 :: ('MESH:D008790', 'Chemical') :: ['Metoprolol']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity16986 :: ('MESH:C015340', 'Chemical') :: ['Mepindolol']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotensive', 'hypotension']

answer: @entity9805 :: (MESH:D009568,Chemical) :: ['nitrendipine']


abstract: We describe the actions of two new allosteric effectors of hemoglobin, @entity52761 ( @entity34756 ) and @entity52762 (L345). Each of them binds to two pairs of symmetry-related sites in the central cavity of @entity1 deoxyhemoglobin. One pair of sites overlaps with that occupied by @entity10569 [Perutz et al. (1986) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 108, 1064-1078]. The other sites are new, and the pair occupied by @entity34756 is different from that occupied by L345. All the sites are at least 20 A from the site where organic @entity6546 are bound. L345 is by far the most potent allosteric effector of hemoglobin ever described. At a concentration of 0.1 mM, it raises the P50 of a suspension of red cells by 50%; at 0.2 mM it raises the P50 2.5-fold. At acid pH, it reduces Hill's coefficient to near unity and prevents complete @entity26 saturation even under 1 atm of pure @entity26 . In azidemethemoglobin at pH 6, it induces a transition to higher spin. These properties are reminiscent of those of teleost fish hemoglobins that exhibit a Root effect. The influence of @entity34756 and L345 and that of organic @entity6546 on the @entity26 affinity are additive, but they compete with @entity2865 . @entity34756 acts more weakly than L345, but can be made to induce the same effects as L345 alone by adding @entity10102 . Both compounds increase the alkaline and acid Bohr effects. They alter the bimolecular kinetics of CO recombination after a flash by increasing the slowly reacting fraction of hemoglobin in the T state at the expense of the fast-reacting fraction in the R state.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: New effectors of XXXX hemoglobin: structure and function.

entities_list: @entity52762 :: ('MESH:C064071', 'Chemical') :: ['2-[4-(3,4,5-trichlorophenylureido)phenoxy]-2-methylpropionic acid']

entities_list: @entity6546 :: ('MESH:D010710', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphates']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity52761 :: ('MESH:C064070', 'Chemical') :: ['2-[4-(3,5-dichlorophenylureido)phenoxy]-2-methylpropionic acid']

entities_list: @entity10102 :: ('MESH:D010833', 'Chemical') :: ['inositol hexaphosphate']

entities_list: @entity2865 :: ('CHEBI:17996', 'Chemical') :: ['chloride']

entities_list: @entity10569 :: ('MESH:D001629', 'Chemical') :: ['bezafibrate']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe the characteristics of pregnant @entity1 who accept the @entity683 vaccine and evaluate the relationship between vaccination and adverse pregnancy outcomes. METHODS: Retrospective cohort study of @entity1 receiving prenatal care during the 2009-2011 @entity683 seasons. Vaccination status was ascertained through our perinatal record system and clinic vaccination logs. Pregnancy outcomes included a primary composite of miscarriage, fetal demise, preterm birth (PTB) <37 weeks and neonatal demise. Stratification and logistic regression were used to adjust for potential confounders. RESULTS: Of 3104 eligible pregnant @entity1 , 1094 (35%) received the @entity683 vaccine. @entity1 vaccinated were more likely to be older, @entity28 , primiparae, and have medical complications or a prior PTB. In univariable analyses, flu vaccination was associated with increased adverse composite outcome and PTB. After multivariable adjustments, vaccination was no longer associated with adverse outcomes in @entity1 with medical complications but remained associated with adverse outcomes among those without known co-morbidity. CONCLUSIONS: Vaccination was associated with an increased adverse composite outcome in pregnant @entity1 without identified co-morbidity but not those with co-morbidities. This association is likely due to selection bias, which should be considered in planning of observational studies of the impact of vaccination on pregnancy outcomes.

title: Selective uptake of XXXX vaccine and pregnancy outcomes.

entities_list: @entity683 :: ('MESH:D007251', 'Disease') :: ['influenza']

answer: @entity683 :: (MESH:D007251,Disease) :: ['influenza']


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine the efficacy and safety of oral @entity11730 in combination with @entity900 and thoracic radiotherapy in @entity1 with unresectable stage III @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ). METHODS AND MATERIALS: @entity11730 (50mg/m(2)) was administered orally twice daily for 14 days, with @entity900 (40 mg/m(2)) on days 1 and 8 of each cycle every 3 weeks, for 2-4 cycles. @entity1514 radiation therapy was administered in 2 Gy fractions five times weekly for a total dose of 60 Gy. The primary endpoint was the response rate, and secondary endpoints included progression-free survival, overall survival and safety. RESULTS: Forty-one @entity1 were enrolled in this study. The objective response rate was 87.8% (98% CI: 77.8-97.8%). The median progression-free survival was 467 days (15.4 months), and the median survival time was 904 days (29.7 months). The overall survival rates at 1- and 2-years were 85.7% and 52.9%, respectively. Hematological @entity137 included grade 3/4 @entity1398 (17%) and grade 3/4 @entity1431 (27%). No grade 3 @entity1398 was detected, and grade 3/4 non-hematological @entity137 were also mild. A grade 3 @entity360 was observed in one @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: The combination of oral @entity11730 plus @entity900 with concurrent radiotherapy is a promising treatment with a high efficacy and lower @entity137 in @entity1 with locally advanced @entity1149 .

title: Phase II study of oral @entity11730 and @entity900 with concurrent radiotherapy for locally advanced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small-cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia', 'febrile neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity1431 :: ('MESH:D007970', 'Disease') :: ['leukopenia']

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal hemorrhage']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small-cell lung cancer']


abstract: In order to define the clinical features of @entity704 , we reviewed 51 @entity704 @entity1 in our departments from 1980 to 1995. Of 146 mediastinal @entity5 , 51 (35%) had @entity704 , the most frequent @entity5 , and 21 (14%) had @entity808 . Twenty-one @entity1 had @entity3 (Masaoka staging = stage I) and 30 had @entity3 (stages II-IV). In the non-invasive group, the male to female ratio was 0.8 (9/12) and the majority were of mixed histologic type (13/21 = 62%). Conversely in the invasive group, the male to female ratio was 1.7 (19/11), and the occurrence of the epithelial type (12 = 40%) was as frequent as the mixed type (13 = 43%). @entity1 with @entity3 were all treated with surgery only, and those with @entity3 were treated with multimodalities except for one. The 5-year survival rate was 100% for the non-invasive group, and 67% for the invasive group. @entity1 with accompanying @entity1737 ( @entity1737 ) showed a better prognosis than the non- @entity1737 @entity1 (P < 0.05). The lymphocytic type also showed a better prognosis than the epithelial type, but this was not statistically significant. The prognosis for @entity1 with @entity704 was much better than for those with @entity6732 (n = 9). @entity704 showed a variety of clinical features depending on histologic type and association with @entity1737 .

title: Clinical study on XXXX : assessment of prognostic factors.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity808 :: ('MESH:D009442', 'Disease') :: ['neurinoma']

entities_list: @entity704 :: ('MESH:D013945', 'Disease') :: ['Thymoma', 'thymoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1737 :: ('MESH:D009157', 'Disease') :: ['MG', 'myasthenia gravis']

entities_list: @entity6732 :: ('MESH:D013953', 'Disease') :: ['thymic cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['non-invasive thymoma', 'invasive thymoma']

answer: @entity704 :: (MESH:D013945,Disease) :: ['thymoma']


abstract: @entity417 of @entity177 is associated with a reduced affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen (Hb-O2 affinity). It has been reported that the correction of @entity8 by recombinant @entity1 @entity1307 (rhuEPO) treatment could be associated paradoxically with a further decrease in Hb-O2 affinity. We investigated changes in the compensatory mechanisms of chronic @entity8 during 25 weeks of rhuEPO treatment, in 19 chronic hemodialyzed (HD) @entity1 . There was no significant variation of mean standard @entity2451 ( @entity2451 ). Average 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (DPG) increased after 13 weeks and remained stable. The large interindividual variations prompted us to study delta @entity2451 and delta Hb. We demonstrated a negative correlation between delta @entity2451 and delta Hb. Thus, @entity2451 increased in @entity1 who did not immediately correct their @entity417 and decreased in @entity1 whose Hb values rose. These data showed that the major factor influencing variations of Hb-O2 affinity in chronic HD @entity1 treated by rhuEPO is the variation of Hb concentrations. In our study, it was demonstrated that the most important rise in @entity2451 std and 2,3-DPG occurred in @entity1 who were late responders to rhuEPO.

title: Effect of recombinant XXXX @entity1307 treatment in uremic @entity1 on oxygen affinity of hemoglobin.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal anemia']

entities_list: @entity417 :: ('MESH:D000740', 'Disease') :: ['Anemia', 'anemia']

entities_list: @entity1307 :: ('2056', 'Gene') :: ['erythropoietin']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['chronic renal failure']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between hip circumference and metabolic risk factors in an urban adult population of Tehranian @entity1 . METHODS: In this population-based cross-sectional study, a representative sample of 4040 @entity1 aged 18-74 years was assessed in 1998. Demographic data were collected; anthropometric indices and blood pressure were measured according to standard protocol. @entity101 was defined based on Joint National Committee VI. Biochemical analysis was conducted on fasting blood samples. @entity6 was defined as fasting plasma @entity413 > or =126 mg/dl or 2 h plasma @entity413 > or =200 mg/dl. @entity4977 were considered based on Adult Treatment Panel III. RESULTS: Higher hip circumference was associated with lower levels of serum total @entity165 , serum @entity412 , fasting plasma @entity413 , and 2-h plasma @entity413 . Subjects in the top quintile of hip circumference had higher values of serum HDL- @entity165 concentration compared to those in the lower category. After adjustment for potential confounding variables, a significant decreasing trend was observed among hip circumference quintile categories for odds of having hypercholestrolemia (odds ratios among quintiles: 1.00, 0.83, 0.76, 0.66, 0.51, respectively, P for trend = 0.03), @entity6 (1.00, 0.74, 0.55, 0.29, 0.20, P for trend = 0.01), and abnormal @entity413 homeostasis (1.00, 0.82, 0.68, 0.46, 0.36, P for trend = 0.01). Individuals in the upper category of hip circumference had lower odds of having low serum HDL- @entity165 (0.91 vs. 1.00) and high serum @entity412 levels (0.73 vs. 1.00) compared to those in the lowest category. CONCLUSION: Hip circumference is independently and negatively associated with metabolic risk factors.

title: Independent and inverse association of hip circumference with metabolic risk factors in Tehranian adult XXXX .

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['Hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetes', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity4977 :: ('MESH:D052439', 'Disease') :: ['Lipid disorders and components of metabolic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['men']


abstract: To the @entity1 , the sudden onset of @entity1779 is like switching to black and white on a color TV. As a rule, the defect arises due to bilateral @entity1188 in the inferior occipitotemporal region. Bilateral upper homonymous quadrantanopsias usually leave the macula more or less unimpaired, so that visual acuity is largely preserved. @entity10400 and @entity2414 are often associated with central @entity3641 . Investigations of color vision must include color-naming procedures and largefield tests in addition to the conventional methods. Color-naming tasks are indispensable in differentiating @entity1779 from the aphasic and disconnective types of @entity5547 . The authors' recommended strategy for investigating color vision relies on records of a case of @entity1779 obtained six months and two years, respectively, after the onset of symptoms. In addition to the above-mentioned procedures, spectral increment thresholds on white and colored backgrounds were determined. For the first time in @entity1779 , examinations with large-field spectral matches were performed using the projection anomaloscope. Large-field tests are indispensable for monitoring recovery in cases of central @entity3641 . In the author's @entity1 , recovery of blue-green discrimination was far more complete than that of red-yellow-green discrimination, and for both conditions large-field color vision was far superior to small-field.

title: [Cerebral XXXX (symptoms, course, differential diagnosis and strategy of the study). I].

entities_list: @entity3641 :: ('MESH:D003117', 'Disease') :: ['achromatopsia']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic infarction']

entities_list: @entity10400 :: ('MESH:D020238', 'Disease') :: ['Prosopagnosia']

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['loss of topographic memory']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral achromatopsia']

entities_list: @entity5547 :: ('MESH:D000849', 'Disease') :: ['color anomia']

answer: @entity3641 :: (MESH:D003117,Disease) :: ['achromatopsia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To report and discuss twelve cases of @entity1092 ( @entity2052 ) induced hyperammonaemic @entity75 without @entity1578 in subjects receiving @entity2052 therapy. METHODS: This study was conducted in the department of Neurology, G.B. Pant Hospital, New Delhi from January 2000 to December 2006. The subjects were on treatment with @entity2052 alone or in combination with other anti @entity302 drugs and developed symptoms of @entity75 . The data collected included the type of @entity302 , the dose of @entity2052 and other co-administered anti @entity302 drugs (AED), their serum levels, clinical presentation, relevant radiological and laboratory investigations, serum @entity3265 levels, the measures taken to treat the @entity1 and their outcome. RESULTS: A total of twelve cases of @entity2052 induced Non hepatic hyperammonemic @entity75 (VNHE) were studied, out of which six were males and six females. The age ranged from 2-75 years with mean age of 21.33 +/- 20.84 years. Four subjects were on @entity2052 alone and the others were also on concomitant AEDs. All the above subjects presented with either @entity911 or altered sensorium (100%). None of the subjects had any other demonstrable cause of @entity75 . The serum @entity3265 level in these subjects ranged from 77.3-345 micromol/L with mean of 163.98 micromol/L +/- 48.67 (normal range 10-47 micromol/L). The serum @entity2052 level in this study group ranged from 63-132.6 microg/ml with mean of 93.44 microg/ml +/- 31.77 (normal range 50-100 microg/ml). CONCLUSIONS: In any @entity1 on @entity2052 therapy, who develops signs and symptoms suggestive of @entity75 , even in the presence of normal liver function, VNHE should be suspected. Fortunately, it has a good prognosis and the early withdrawl of @entity2052 leads to improvement in almost all cases.

title: XXXX induced non hepatic hyperammonaemic @entity75 (VNHE)--a study from tertiary care referral university hospital, north India.

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['encephalopathy']

entities_list: @entity1092 :: ('MESH:D014635', 'Chemical') :: ['Valproate']

entities_list: @entity1578 :: ('MESH:D017093', 'Disease') :: ['liver failure']

entities_list: @entity911 :: ('MESH:D003221', 'Disease') :: ['confusion']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epileptic', 'epilepsy']

answer: @entity1092 :: (MESH:D014635,Chemical) :: ['Valproate']


abstract: PURPOSE: To study the clinical features and results of conservative management in cases of presumed noninfectious @entity3225 after @entity231 surgery. SETTING: L.V. Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India. METHODS: This retrospective study evaluated cases of presumed noninfectious @entity3225 occurring after @entity231 surgery in a hospital-based population. @entity1 with minimal hypopyon and decreased visual acuity unassociated with @entity158 , lid @entity4 , @entity3169 , @entity2687 , and obvious vitreous involvement were treated conservatively. The mainstays of treatment were topical and systemic @entity230 . Four eyes with clinical evidence of worsening required surgical intervention. Main outcome measures were @entity32 and final visual acuity. RESULTS: In 23 of 27 @entity1 , the @entity32 resolved with medical therapy alone; 21 had a final visual acuity of 20/50 or better. In 3 of the 4 eyes that had surgery, the culture was positive for low virulent organisms; all had a satisfactory outcome. One eye with @entity726 developed @entity726 with @entity32 . CONCLUSION: @entity3225 invariably presents with hypopyon and @entity227 unassociated with @entity158 and lid @entity4 . A trial of medical therapy with @entity288 as the mainstay of treatment is often rewarding. Frequent monitoring and preparation for surgical intervention if required are key.

title: Presumed noninfectious XXXX after @entity231 surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation', 'resolution of inflammation']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['decreased vision']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['absolute glaucoma', 'preoperative glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity2687 :: ('MESH:D003316', 'Disease') :: ['corneal abscess']

entities_list: @entity3169 :: ('MESH:D003229', 'Disease') :: ['conjunctival chemosis']

entities_list: @entity3225 :: ('MESH:D009877', 'Disease') :: ['Noninfectious endophthalmitis', 'endophthalmitis']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity3225 :: (MESH:D009877,Disease) :: ['endophthalmitis']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Our aim was to determine risk factors for @entity600 in offspring of @entity1 with @entity4854 first detected during pregnancy (i.e., @entity1 with @entity6677 ). STUDY DESIGN: A total of 3743 pregnancies complicated by @entity6 delivered at > 20 weeks of gestation were reviewed for the presence of @entity600 diagnosed before hospital discharge. Anomalies were categorized as major, minor, or absent. Pregnancies with @entity74 and @entity2007 were excluded. In addition to maternal clinical and historic parameters, diagnostic glycemic parameters (fasting and post- @entity413 -challenge levels from the diagnostic @entity413 tolerance test, highest fasting serum @entity413 level, and hemoglobin A1c level before insulin therapy) were examined by logistic regression for predictive risk of @entity154 . RESULTS: One or more major @entity154 were present in 108 (2.9%) of the newborns; an additional 91 (2.4%) had only @entity154 . None of the maternal variables were associated with the risk of @entity154 . By contrast, parity, a history of @entity6 , and several glycemic parameters were associated with the risk of @entity154 . The highest fasting serum @entity413 level was the best independent predictor (odds ratio 1.13/10 mg/dl, 95% confidence interval 1.09 to 1.34). The fasting serum @entity413 level at diagnosis, a parameter that is almost uniformly available to clinicians, gave similar predictive information about the risk of @entity154 (odds ratio 1.13, 95% confidence interval 1.08 to 1.14). Stratification of @entity1 into subgroups of fasting serum @entity413 level at diagnosis revealed the incidence of @entity154 to be as follows: 2.1% with a fasting serum @entity413 level < 120 mg/dl (2973 pregnancies), 5.2% with a fasting serum @entity413 level of 121 to 260 mg/dl (747 pregnancies), and 30.4% with a fasting serum @entity413 level > 260 mg/dl (23 pregnancies). CONCLUSION: In a large population of @entity1 without a diagnosis of @entity6 before pregnancy, the maternal fasting serum @entity413 concentration at diagnosis was a useful predictor of the risk of major but not @entity154 . The rate of @entity154 doubled with a fasting @entity413 level > 120 mg/dl. Thus a fasting @entity413 level below that of overt @entity6 outside of pregnancy carries an important risk of @entity154 that must be considered in the counseling and management of these @entity1 .

title: @entity600 in offspring of @entity1 with XXXX first detected during pregnancy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['congenital anomalies', 'minor anomalies', 'major anomalies']

entities_list: @entity6677 :: ('MESH:D016640', 'Disease') :: ['gestational diabetes']

entities_list: @entity2007 :: ('MESH:D000782', 'Disease') :: ['aneuploidies']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['gestational diabetes mellitus', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['congenital malformations']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['genetic syndromes']

entities_list: @entity4854 :: ('MESH:D006943', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemia']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity4854 :: (MESH:D006943,Disease) :: ['hyperglycemia']


abstract: PURPOSE: Surgical treatment of @entity4034 consists of radical debridement, reconstruction of anterior column either with or without posterior stabilization. The objective of present study is to evaluate a case series of @entity1 with @entity4034 of @entity1514 and lumbar spine treated by single, posterior approach with posterior instrumentation and anterior column reconstruction. METHODS: Seventeen @entity1 underwent clinical and radiological evaluation pre and postoperatively with latest follow-up at 19 months (8-56 months) after surgery. Parameters assessed were site of @entity281 , causative organism, angle of @entity85 , @entity190 , duration of surgery, ICU stay, @entity85 correction, time to solid bony fusion, ambulatory status, neurologic status (ASIA impairment scale), and functional outcome ( @entity6038 criteria). RESULTS: Mean operating time was 207 min and average @entity190 1,150 ml. @entity1 spent 2 (1-4) days in ICU and were able to walk unaided 1.6 (1-2) days after surgery. Infection receded in all 17 @entity1 postoperatively. Solid bony fusion occurred in 15 out of 17 @entity1 (88 %) on average 6.3 months after surgery. Functional outcome was assessed as excellent or good in 82 % of cases. Average @entity85 correction was 8 (1-18) degrees, with loss of correction of 4 (0-19) degrees at final follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Single, posterior approach addressing both columns poses safe alternative in treatment of pyogenic @entity4034 of @entity1514 and lumbar spine. It proved to be less invasive resulting in faster postoperative recovery.

title: Posterior instrumentation, anterior column reconstruction with single posterior approach for treatment of pyogenic @entity4034 of XXXX and lumbar spine.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity4034 :: ('MESH:D010019', 'Disease') :: ['thoracolumbar osteomyelitis', 'vertebral osteomyelitis', 'osteomyelitis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['deformity']

entities_list: @entity6038 :: ('MESH:D011218', 'Disease') :: ['Kirkaldy-Willis']

answer: @entity1514 :: (MESH:D013896,Disease) :: ['thoracic']


abstract: @entity4281 is a @entity166 caused by the larval stage of @entity2328 , which is one of the two most important species of @entity2328 . Foxes are significant reservoir hosts in Europe. AE is an @entity66 in @entity233 and is particularly common in @entity1 living in the eastern Anatolia region. The disease is a very aggressive and potentially fatal infection which always affects the liver primarily, develops as a @entity5 -like lesion and metastasizes to any part of the body. Diagnosis of AE is often difficult and almost always only possible in the later stages of the disease. Surgical resection and liver transplantation, as life-saving treatments, are accepted treatment options for early and @entity1442 . The records of 162 cases of AE in @entity233 , 24 case reports in the form of a separate report, were published during the 2000-2010 period. Most of these cases came from eastern and southeastern Anatolia (86.24% of cases). Their ages ranged from 23 to 71 years (mean age: 45.72  8.99). 62.20% of the cases were females. AE was located mainly in the liver (95.03%). Thus, radiological and serological screening studies for the public in this region may increase the possibility of surgical treatment for AE.

title: [ @entity4281 in XXXX : in the light of the literature].

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['endemic disease']

entities_list: @entity1442 :: ('MESH:D020178', 'Disease') :: ['advanced disease']

entities_list: @entity2328 :: ('6211', 'Species') :: ['Echinococcus', 'Echinococcus multilocularis']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['parasitic infectious disease']

entities_list: @entity4281 :: ('MESH:C536591', 'Disease') :: ['Alveolar echinococcosis']

answer: @entity233 :: (9103,Species) :: ['Turkey']


abstract: Although the animal models used to characterize @entity4028 @entity2167 are well developed, the initial stages of the @entity2167 process of this important group of antibiotics in @entity1 are less well understood. A group that receives frequent @entity4028 therapy are @entity1577 ( @entity1577 ) @entity1 , who may receive cumulative doses of @entity801 over 200 g in their lifetime. Consequently they represent a group in which it is particularly appropriate to monitor regularly auditory function. In this preliminary study, 15 young (aged 9-18 years) @entity1577 @entity1 had their pure tone thresholds measured over 0.25-12 kHz. Their distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) growth functions were also measured at f2 = 2, 4 and 6 kHz with f2/f1 = 1.22. These results were compared with those obtained from 36 control volunteers of similar age. Fourteen of the @entity1577 @entity1 had normal hearing (pure tone audiogram (PTA) thresholds < or = 10 dB HL over 0.25-8 kHz). In this group, there was a significant elevation of the stimulus levels required to generate a 2f1-f2 DPOAE < or = 10 dB @entity16811 at 4 kHz. This elevation may represent one of the earliest changes in outer hair cell performance caused by @entity801 , although it may also be due to the @entity1577 itself. Whilst this measurement alone cannot be taken to indicate any serious @entity18129 , it may have some clinical use as an early indicator or marker of functional deficit in the cochlea.

title: Comparison of distortion product OAE generation between a XXXX group requiring frequent @entity801 therapy and control subjects.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity801 :: ('MESH:D005839', 'Chemical') :: ['gentamicin']

entities_list: @entity18129 :: ('MESH:D015834', 'Disease') :: ['cochlear dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity2167 :: ('MESH:D006311', 'Disease') :: ['ototoxic', 'ototoxicity']

entities_list: @entity4028 :: ('CHEBI:47779', 'Chemical') :: ['aminoglycoside']

entities_list: @entity1577 :: ('MESH:D003550', 'Disease') :: ['CF condition', 'CF', 'cystic fibrosis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: AIM: To investigate the effects of @entity11983 (BA) on apoptosis and autophagic flux in @entity1582 cells and the relationship between the two processes. METHODS: The proliferation of @entity1 @entity1582 KM3 cells was measured with @entity98 assay. @entity2823 /PI double-labeled flow cytometry (FCM) and @entity2455 staining were used to analyze the cell apoptosis. @entity522 , @entity12982 , @entity8783 , LC3-II, and P62 were detected using Western blotting. RESULTS: Treatment of KM3 cells with BA (5-25  g/mL) suppressed the cell proliferation in time- and dose-dependent manners. The IC(50) values at 12, 24, and 36 h were 22.29, 17.36, and 13.06  g/mL, respectively. BA treatment dose-dependently induced apoptosis of KM3 cells, which was associated with the activation of @entity522 . However, @entity35545 , a specific inhibitor of @entity522 , did not decrease, but rather sensitized the cells to BA-induced apoptosis, suggesting an alternative mechanism involved. On other hand, BA treatment dose-dependently increased the accumulation of LC3-II and P62 in KM3 cells, representing the inhibition of autophagic flux. Furthermore, BA treatment dose-dependently downregulated the expression of @entity8783 , an important inducer of autophagy, in KM3 cells. In the presence of BA, @entity35545 induced autophagy and increased the amount of LC3-II in KM3 cells, which may occur via attenuating BA-induced decrease in the level of @entity8783 . Similarly, @entity3446 , an autophagy inducer, increased the amount of LC3-II in KM3 cells. In the presence of BA, @entity3446 caused further increase in the amount of LC3-II. Furthermore, @entity3446 sensitized BA-treated KM3 cells to apoptosis. CONCLUSION: The results demonstrate that BA induces apoptosis and blocks autophagic flux in KM3 cells. Furthermore, in addition to activation of @entity522 , the inhibition of autophagic flux also contributes to the BA-mediated apoptosis of KM3 cells.

title: XXXX inhibits autophagic flux and induces apoptosis in @entity1 @entity1582 cells in vitro.

entities_list: @entity11983 :: ('MESH:C002070', 'Chemical') :: ['betulinic acid']

entities_list: @entity1582 :: ('MESH:D009101', 'Disease') :: ['multiple myeloma']

entities_list: @entity3446 :: ('MESH:D020123', 'Chemical') :: ['rapamycin']

answer: @entity11983 :: (MESH:C002070,Chemical) :: ['Betulinic acid']


abstract: The lily retrotransposon del 1-46 is 9345 base pairs (bp) long. It has long terminal repeats (LTRs) of 2406 bp (left) and 2415 bp (right), which differ in sequence by 1.4%. Sequences similar to those involved in priming DNA synthesis in retroviruses occur in the internal region. Near the left LTR is a sequence complementary to 18 residues at the 3' end of @entity1853 initiator tRNA of three plant species, and a run of 12 purines occurs close to the right LTR. One internal reading frame of del 1-46 has relatively few stop codons. The 1462-codon product from this frame has motifs, in N to C terminus order, corresponding to those identified with RNA binding, protease, reverse transcriptase, RNase H, and integrase functions in retroviruses and certain other retrotransposons. @entity535 sequence comparisons of three conserved pol regions show del to be closely related to the Ty3 retrotransposon of @entity375 (37-40% identity). del is also related to the gypsy group of @entity238 (17.6, 297, gypsy/ @entity27381 , and 412), showing closer identity with their reverse transcriptase (32-38%) and RNase H (36-45%) domains than with their integrase domain (21-26%). It is proposed that a gypsy group ancestor exchanged the integrase region with a more distantly related element since its divergence from a del/Ty3 common ancestor. The occurrence of related retrotransposons in three different kingdoms (plants, animals, and fungi) strongly implies their horizontal transmission in recent evolutionary time.

title: Plant retrotransposon from Lilium henryi is related to Ty3 of @entity375 and the gypsy group of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['Amino acid']

entities_list: @entity1853 :: ('MESH:D008715', 'Chemical') :: ['methionine']

entities_list: @entity238 :: ('7227', 'Species') :: ['Drosophila']

answer: @entity238 :: (7227,Species) :: ['Drosophila']


abstract: @entity1294 ( @entity1294 ) is the second most common cause of @entity303 in the elderly after @entity195 ( @entity195 ). Prevalence estimates from community surveys indicate that, on average, 5% of @entity1 over 65 and 15 to 20% of @entity1 over 80 suffer from "severe @entity303 ". Clinico-pathological studies have shown that @entity195 accounts for 50 to 60% of the cases and @entity1294 for about 10 to 20%; 20% of the @entity1 have both disorders. The incidence rate of @entity1294 ranges from 7 per 1,000 @entity1 -years in normal volunteers to 16 per 1,000 @entity1 -years in subjects with risk factors for @entity64 , particularly high blood pressure. The only effective therapeutic approach to @entity1294 is the prevention of @entity64 , mainly through the treatment of @entity101 ; however, none of the therapeutic trials has included @entity1294 prevention as one of its treatment goals. Syst-Eur Study is a European placebo controlled trial which aims to determine whether morbidity and mortality are changed when elderly @entity1 (60 years and over) with isolated systolic @entity101 are treated. In this trial, the incidence of @entity1294 will be carefully recorded during the five year follow-up of the expected 3,000 @entity1 . The present side project to the Syst-Eur trial will specifically address the following questions: does antihypertensive treatment reduce the incidence of @entity1294 ?, and how do the cognitive functions of elderly @entity1 change when treated with active or placebo treatment? The protocol is based on the administration of the MMS (Folstein) once a year to all @entity1 . If the MMS score @entity4318 or less, a set of criteria will be used to establish the diagnosis of @entity1294 . A pilot study has demonstrated the feasibility of the trial. The main study is in progress.

title: Is prevention of @entity1294 possible? The Syst-Eur Vascular XXXX Project.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'person', 'people', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['strokes']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity1294 :: ('MESH:D015140', 'Disease') :: ['Vascular dementia', 'VD', 'vascular dementia']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['AD', "Alzheimer's disease"]

answer: @entity303 :: (MESH:D003704,Disease) :: ['Dementia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 after repair of @entity215 ( @entity215 ) frequently have right @entity67 and prolonged QRS duration (QRSd) and thus could be candidates for cardiac resynchronization therapy. We aimed to assess the relationship between QRSd and the timing of RV wall motion, including the @entity3585 ( @entity3585 ), in these @entity1 . METHODS AND RESULTS: Sixty-seven repaired @entity215 @entity1 (median age, 34 years; interquartile range, 24 to 43 years) and 35 age-matched control subjects were studied by echocardiography and cardiovascular magnetic resonance (n=55 of 67 @entity215 @entity1 ). Time intervals of the RV cardiac cycle were measured from Doppler recordings. Long-axis M-mode recordings were acquired from the right ventricular (RV) free wall and @entity3585 ( @entity3585 ), and the delay in onset of long-axis shortening was measured. @entity215 @entity1 showed minor abnormalities of the RV cardiac cycle unrelated to QRSd. RV ejection time was prolonged and correspondingly filling time was reduced compared with control subjects (22.3+/-2.6 versus 20.0+/-2.9 s/min, P<0.0001; 29.0+/-3.8 versus 32.7+/-3.5 s/min, P<0.0001). Total isovolumic time was normal in @entity215 @entity1 (8.7+/-4.0 versus 7.4+/-2.9 s/min; P=NS). QRSd correlated with the delay in RV free wall motion (r=0.55, P<0.0001) and more so with the delay in @entity3585 shortening (r=0.82, P<0.0001). QRSd also correlated with measures of @entity3585 abnormality such as long-axis @entity3585 excursion and @entity2845 area length (r=-0.46, P=0.004; r=0.33, P=0.01). CONCLUSIONS: QRSd in postoperative @entity215 @entity1 reflects mainly abnormalities of the @entity3585 rather than the RV body itself. Thus, prevention and treatment of mechanical asynchrony and malignant @entity943 should focus on the RV infundibulum. Indications for cardiac resynchronization therapy after @entity215 repair warrant further investigation.

title: Right ventricular mechanics and QRS duration in @entity1 with repaired XXXX : implications of infundibular disease.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3585 :: ('MESH:D014694', 'Disease') :: ['RVOT', 'RV outflow tract']

entities_list: @entity215 :: ('MESH:D013771', 'Disease') :: ['tetralogy of Fallot', 'ToF']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular (RV) dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmia']

answer: @entity215 :: (MESH:D013771,Disease) :: ['tetralogy of Fallot']


abstract: The initial phase of @entity32 is accompanied by dramatic changes in the concentrations of certain plasma proteins. @entity777 ( @entity777 ) is an important inducer of these acute phase proteins at the transcriptional level. The recently cloned nuclear factor @entity19775 , a potent trans-acting regulator of @entity777 gene expression, has a region that is highly homologous to the liver-specific transcriptional factor @entity16509 . Both factors recognize the same @entity377 sequence. In this study the recombinant @entity19775 was shown to interact with the @entity777 -responsive elements (IL-6REs) identified in the promoter region of several acute phase protein genes whose activity increases during the acute phase reaction. Furthermore, in competition experiments, formation of all the DNA-protein complexes by the IL-6RE and @entity777 -treated @entity157 cell extracts was specifically decreased by adding either the 14-bp @entity19775 binding motif identified in the @entity777 promoter or the antibody against the recombinant @entity19775 . @entity19775 was expressed at a minor level in @entity19 liver, but was dramatically induced after stimulation with @entity777 . In contrast, the amount of @entity16509 mRNA decreased considerably after @entity777 stimulation. These results indicate that the @entity19775 that regulated @entity777 expression was also involved in regulation of expression of the acute phase protein genes. The ability of @entity19775 to replace @entity16509 may explain the positive and negative acute phase responses induced by @entity777 .

title: Reciprocal expression of @entity19775 and XXXX in hepatocytes: possible involvement of @entity19775 in acute phase protein gene expression.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity377 :: ('CHEBI:36976', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotide']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['hepatoma']

answer: @entity16509 :: (12606(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['C/EBP']


abstract: Using Doppler echocardiography, the prevalence of tricuspid and @entity338 was determined prospectively in 173 normal @entity1 , aged 8.3 +/- 2.7 (range 5-14) years. @entity338 was defined as a red-yellow or mosaic coloured regurgitant flow, continuing to end-diastole with continuous-wave Doppler. It was found in 84% of the @entity1 . @entity997 was defined as a blue-green or mosaic coloured regurgitant flow from the tricuspid valve into the right atrium lasting > 0.5 systole, as determined by continuous-wave Doppler. @entity997 was present in only 8% of the @entity1 . @entity997 flow of very short duration, considered to be due to valve closure, was found in 75%. No effect of age, presence of a vibratory innocent heart murmur or gender on the prevalence of right-sided @entity340 could be demonstrated. All regurgitations were haemodynamically insignificant. Thus right-sided @entity340 in normal schoolchildren is a normal physiological finding with relatively high prevalence. In the absence of functional reasons for these regurgitations and in the absence of structural @entity358 , these signals should be considered physiological in order to avoid iatrogenic @entity299 .

title: Right-sided @entity340 in normal XXXX determined by combined colour-coded and continuous-wave Doppler echocardiography.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity338 :: ('MESH:D011665', 'Disease') :: ['Pulmonary regurgitation', 'pulmonary valve regurgitation']

entities_list: @entity997 :: ('MESH:D014262', 'Disease') :: ['Tricuspid regurgitation']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary or tricuspid valve disease']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart disease']

entities_list: @entity340 :: ('MESH:D006349', 'Disease') :: ['valvular regurgitation']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Optimal timing of tracheostomy in ventilated @entity1 with severe @entity64 is unclear. We aimed to investigate feasibility, safety, and potential advantages of early tracheostomy in these intensive care unit (ICU) @entity1 . METHODS: This prospective, randomized, parallel-group, controlled, open, and outcome-masked pilot trial was conducted in @entity16 of a university hospital. @entity1 with severe @entity63 or @entity64 and an estimated need for at least 2 weeks of ventilation were randomized to either early tracheostomy (within day 1-3 from intubation; early) or to standard tracheostomy (between day 7-14 from intubation if extubation could not be achieved or was not feasible; standard). The primary outcome was length of stay in the ICU; secondary outcomes were diverse aspects of the ICU course. RESULTS: Sixty @entity1 were randomized and analyzed. No differences were observed with regard to the primary outcome length of stay in the ICU (median 18 [interquartile range 16-28] versus 17 [interquartile range 13-22] days, median difference: 1 [-2 to 6]; P=0.38) or to most secondary outcomes, including adverse effects. Instead, use of sedatives (62% versus 42% of ICU stay, median difference 17.5 [3.3-29.2]; P=0.02), ICU mortality (ICU deaths 3 [10%] versus 14 [47%]; P<0.01) and 6-month mortality (deaths 8 [27%] versus 18 [60%]; P=0.02) were lower in the early group than in the standard group, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Early tracheostomy in ventilated intensive @entity64 @entity1 is feasible, and safe, and presumably reduces sedation need. Whether the suggested benefits in mortality and outcome truly exist has to be determined by a larger multicenter trial.

title: XXXX -related Early Tracheostomy versus Prolonged Orotracheal Intubation in Neurocritical Care Trial (SETPOINT): a randomized pilot trial.

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological/neurosurgical ICUs']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['care stroke', 'stroke', 'hemorrhagic stroke']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['Stroke']


abstract: The effects of three insecticides ( @entity276 , @entity5051 and @entity55994 ) on developmental stages of cat fleas (Ctenocephalides felis) were studied in vivo, in vitro and by means of light and electron microscopy. The results were documented by video. @entity11101 were attached to the skin of @entity235 that had been treated 7 days before with one of the three compounds. Furthermore, adult fleas were exposed exclusively to the hair and skin debris of such treated @entity235 or were placed on filter papers that had been impregnated with one of these three compounds or with the blood of treated @entity235 . @entity11101 were exposed to hair of treated @entity235 , to debris obtained by combing treated @entity235 , to dried blood samples of treated @entity235 or were placed onto filter papers impregnated with one of the three compounds. In these experiments with @entity11101 , it was noted that none of the three insecticides had a repellent effect on adult or @entity11101 . @entity5051 was the only compound that acted exclusively by body contact, and was apparently taken up by @entity11101 via the thin, non-sclerotized intersegmental membranes of the flea's body, shown when flea stages were exposed to hairs taken from @entity235 treated with one of the compounds or placed onto drug-impregnated filter papers. @entity5051 killed larvae and adult fleas within 1 h, while it took at least 24 h until all adult fleas had died on @entity276 - or @entity55994 -treated @entity235 , thus allowing longer feeding periods, increasing the risk of transmission of flea-derived diseases. Flea larvae covered with debris from @entity235 topically treated 7 days before with @entity276 , @entity5051 or @entity55994 died, like the untreated control, within 16-28 h after exposure. This was, however, probably mainly due to a drying effect. Adult and @entity11101 exposed to filter papers impregnated with the blood of treated @entity235 survived longer than 7 days, as did the untreated controls. All three drugs apparently acted on nerves and muscles and thus stopped motility.

title: Comparative study on the effects of three insecticides ( XXXX , @entity5051 , @entity55994 ) on developmental stages of the cat flea (Ctenocephalides felis Bouch   1835): a light and electron microscopic analysis of in vivo and in vitro experiments.

entities_list: @entity276 :: ('MESH:C082360', 'Chemical') :: ['fipronil']

entities_list: @entity11101 :: ('MESH:D058267', 'Disease') :: ['larval fleas', 'adult and larval fleas', 'Adult fleas', 'Larval fleas']

entities_list: @entity55994 :: ('MESH:C414354', 'Chemical') :: ['selamectin']

entities_list: @entity5051 :: ('MESH:C082359', 'Chemical') :: ['Imidacloprid', 'imidacloprid']

answer: @entity276 :: (MESH:C082360,Chemical) :: ['fipronil']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Copy-number variation ( @entity471 ), rather than complete loss of gene function, is increasingly implicated in @entity1 disease. Moreover, gene dosage is recognised as important in tumourigenesis, and there is an increasing realisation that CNVs may not be just symptomatic of the cancerous state but may, in fact, be causative. However, the identification of @entity471 -related phenotypes for @entity1 genes is a slow process, due to the technical difficulty of constructing deletion mutants. Using the genome-wide deletion library for the model eukaryote, @entity375 , we have identified genes (termed haploproficient, @entity4306 ) which, when one copy is deleted from a diploid cell, result in an increased rate of proliferation. Since haploproficiency under nutrient-sufficient conditions is a novel phenotype, we sought here to characterise a subset of the @entity375 haploproficient genes which seem particularly relevant to @entity1 @entity5 . RESULTS: We show that, for a subset of @entity4306 genes, heterozygous deletion is sufficient to cause aberrant cell cycling and altered rates of apoptosis, phenotypes associated with @entity5 in @entity1 cells. A majority of these @entity375 genes are the orthologs of @entity1 @entity5 genes, and hence our studies suggest that @entity471 of these oncogenic orthologs may be sufficient to lead to tumourigenesis in @entity1 cells. Moreover, where not already implicated, this cluster of @entity5 -like phenotypes in this model eukaryote may be predictive of the involvement in @entity5 of the @entity1 orthologs of these @entity375 @entity4306 genes. Using the @entity375 set as a model, we show that the response to a range of anti- @entity5 drugs is strongly dependent on gene dosage, such that intermediate concentrations of the drugs can actually increase a mutant's growth rate. CONCLUSIONS: The exploitation of data on the phenotypic impact of heterozygosis in @entity375 has permitted the prediction of CNVs affecting tumourigenesis in @entity1 . Our @entity375 data also suggest that the identification of CNVs in @entity5 cells may assist both the selection of anti- @entity5 drugs and the dosages at which they should be administered if they are to be a beneficial, rather than a deleterious, therapy.

title: Copy-number variation of @entity5 -gene orthologs is sufficient to induce XXXX -like symptoms in @entity375 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian', 'humans', 'human']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour', 'cancers', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity375 :: ('4932', 'Species') :: ['yeast', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship of @entity31949 to cytokine concentrations and clinical outcomes in critically ill surgical @entity1 . DESIGN: Consecutive, prospective case series. SETTING: Surgical intensive care unit of an urban university hospital. @entity1 : Subjects were 111 @entity1 with a variety of @entity3124 , for whom serum lipid, lipoprotein, and cytokine concentrations were determined within 24 hrs of admission to a surgical intensive care unit. Controls were 32 healthy @entity1 and @entity1 for whom serum lipid, lipoprotein, and cytokine concentrations were determined. INTERVENTIONS: Blood samples were drawn on admission to the intensive care unit. Predetermined clinical outcomes including death, infection subsequent to intensive care unit admission, length of intensive care unit stay, and magnitude of organ dysfunction were monitored prospectively. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Measurements included total @entity165 , low-density lipoprotein @entity165 , high-density lipoprotein @entity165 , @entity1675 , phospholipid, @entity412 , @entity650 , @entity688 , soluble interleukin-2 receptor, @entity5 @entity39 factor-alpha, and soluble @entity5 @entity39 factor receptors @entity2902 and @entity10733 . Mean serum lipid concentrations were extremely low: total @entity165 , 127 +/- 52 mg/dL; low-density lipoprotein @entity165 , 75 +/- 41 mg/dL; high-density lipoprotein @entity165 , 29 +/- 15 mg/dL. Total, low-density lipoprotein, and high-density lipoprotein @entity165 concentrations and apolipoprotein concentrations inversely correlated with @entity650 , soluble interleukin-2 receptor, and @entity688 concentrations, whereas the @entity412 concentration correlated positively with @entity5 @entity39 factor soluble receptors @entity2902 and @entity10733 . Clinical outcomes were related to whether the admission @entity165 concentration was above (n = 56) or below (n = 55) the median concentration of 120 mg/dL. Each of the clinical end points occurred between 1.9- and 3.5-fold more frequently in the very low @entity165 (<120 mg/dL) group. Nine @entity1 (8%) died during the hospitalization. Seven of the nine @entity1 who died had total @entity165 concentrations below the median concentration of 120 mg/dL. CONCLUSIONS: Low @entity165 and lipoprotein concentrations found in critically ill surgical @entity1 correlate with @entity650 , soluble interleukin-2 receptor, and @entity688 concentrations and predict clinical outcomes.

title: Relationship of @entity31949 to cytokine concentrations and outcomes in critically ill surgical XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'PATIENTS', 'men']

entities_list: @entity31949 :: ('MESH:C565732', 'Disease') :: ['hypolipidemia']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity3124 :: ('MESH:D016638', 'Disease') :: ['critical illnesses']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity1675 :: ('335', 'Gene') :: ['apolipoproteins A-I and B']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Increased soluble @entity1196 levels have been shown to attenuate @entity32 -mediated microvascular leakage, and failure to generate high levels has been associated with increased risk of acute @entity649 in septic @entity1 . We hypothesized that failure to shed @entity1196 in systemic @entity32 would result in increased @entity32 -induced leukocyte adherence and microvascular leakage. METHODS: Using intraperitoneal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or control @entity3157 buffered saline (BBS) and intrascrotal @entity637 or BBS, @entity19 were randomized to systemic @entity32 (LPSip + BBSis), @entity32 (BBSip + TNFis), both (LPSip + TNFis), or control (BBSip+BBSis). Furthermore, @entity19 received intraperitoneal @entity1196 Sheddase inhibitor ( @entity53278 ) or control vector. With intravital microscopy on cremaster muscle, we measured leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions and microvascular leakage (permeability index). Surface @entity1196 was measured by flow cytometry (MCF). RESULTS: Without @entity53278 , systemic @entity32 attenuated increases induced by @entity32 in leukocyte adherence and vascular leakage. @entity53278 significantly increased adherence and leakage in @entity262 . @entity1196 was shed progressively by increasing degrees of @entity32 . @entity53278 limited this shedding of @entity1196 . CONCLUSION: In systemic @entity32 , @entity1196 shedding is required to limit @entity32 -mediated leukocyte adherence and microvascular leakage. Failure to shed @entity1196 may increase leukocyte-mediated end-organ injury in septic @entity1 .

title: XXXX shedding in sepsis limits leukocyte mediated microvascular injury at remote sites.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation', 'local inflammation']

entities_list: @entity649 :: ('MESH:D012128', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory distress syndrome']

entities_list: @entity262 :: ('MESH:D034721', 'Disease') :: ['systemic and systemic + local inflammation']

entities_list: @entity3157 :: ('CHEBI:17544', 'Chemical') :: ['bicarbonate']

answer: @entity1196 :: (6402,Gene) :: ['L-selectin']


abstract: Mutants that require exogenous @entity46468 for growth were isolated from @entity375 X2180-1A after @entity6321 mutagenesis. Class A auxotrophs fail to grow on @entity375 extract-peptone- @entity413 and minimal media, whereas class B auxotrophs grow on minimal medium and readily revert to grow on @entity375 extract-peptone- @entity413 medium. Class B auxotrophs are suppressible by a class of suppressors distinct from nonsense suppressors, and their properties suggest that they are defective in a regulatory function. All 23 mutants studied were recessive and allelic, and they define a new gene designated @entity8423 . An analysis of a class A auxotroph revealed that it lacked @entity9640 : @entity26537 amidotransferase (EC 2.6.1.16) activity and indicates that @entity8423 codes the @entity535 sequence of this enzyme. The finding that all mutants were allelic indicates that the amidotransferase is the only enzyme responsible for @entity46468 synthesis in @entity375 . The occurrence of allelic complementation and media-conditional mutants suggests that the amidotransferase is a multimeric enzyme with an activity subject to metabolic control. Diploids homozygous for @entity8423 fail to complete sporulation. They proceed through meiosis normally, as judged by the occurrence of meiotic recombination, the production of haploid nuclei, and the formation of multinucleate cells visible after Giemsa staining. However, the formation of glusulase-resistant ascospores is blocked, and deformed spores lacking the electron-dense outer layer characteristic of the normal spore wall are observed by electron microscopy. Cells that acquire the ability to synthesize @entity46468 , because of gene conversion during meiosis, complete sporulation in a normal fashion. Thus, the @entity8423 gene product appears to be synthesized late in sporulation and may prove to be a useful developmental landmark for the termination of ascospore development.

title: Sporulation in XXXX auxotrophs of @entity375 : meiosis with defective ascospore wall formation.

entities_list: @entity46468 :: ('CHEBI:28393', 'Chemical') :: ['D-glucosamine']

entities_list: @entity6321 :: ('MESH:D005020', 'Chemical') :: ['ethyl methane sulfonate']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity9640 :: ('CHEBI:18050', 'Chemical') :: ['L-glutamine']

entities_list: @entity26537 :: ('CHEBI:61553', 'Chemical') :: ['D-fructose 6-phosphate']

entities_list: @entity375 :: ('4932', 'Species') :: ['yeast', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae', 'S. cerevisiae']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['dextrose']

answer: @entity46468 :: (CHEBI:28393,Chemical) :: ['D-glucosamine']


abstract: We evaluated the effect of continuous physiological @entity3190 on counterregulatory hormone responses in seven healthy subjects, each studied on two occasions. Hormone responses were measured during identical 2-h periods of @entity4053 (plasma @entity413 target 3.5 mmol/L) at @entity2690 levels of 350 pmol/L or 640 pmol/L. During @entity4053 , there were significant (50-1400%) increases in glucagon, @entity1425 , @entity1063 , GH, and @entity701 which were comparable in the two groups. We further evaluated the influence of the duration of mild @entity3190 on the responses in an additional group of normal subjects (n = 7). Brief (30 min) exposure to @entity2690 was compared to a prolonged (3.5 h) @entity2690 infusion, each followed by identical @entity4053 . Plasma @entity2690 (approximately 350 pmol/L) and plasma @entity413 (target 3.3 mmol/L) were similar in both groups. The increases in @entity1425 , @entity1063 , GH, and @entity701 during @entity4053 were virtually identical in the two groups. However, the secretion of glucagon was blunted following prolonged @entity3190 , increasing to levels of 249 +/- 17 ng/L in the brief studies and to only 185 +/- 20 ng/L in the prolonged studies (P < 0.005). The @entity2690 -induced decrement in plasma @entity1522 were similar in the two studies and could not account for the impaired glucagon secretory response. CONCLUSIONS: 1) Brief exposure to even high physiological levels of @entity2690 do not alter the magnitude of counterregulatory hormone secretion during @entity4053 ; 2) prolonged @entity3190 results in a selective blunting of the plasma glucagon response to @entity4053 , perhaps due to a direct suppressive effect of @entity2690 on alpha-cell secretion.

title: Effect of physiological XXXX on counterregulatory hormone responses during @entity4053 in humans.

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity1425 :: ('MESH:D004837', 'Chemical') :: ['epinephrine']

entities_list: @entity4053 :: ('MESH:D007003', 'Disease') :: ['hypoglycemia']

entities_list: @entity3190 :: ('MESH:D006946', 'Disease') :: ['hyperinsulinemia']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['norepinephrine']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity3190 :: (MESH:D006946,Disease) :: ['hyperinsulinemia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Proton pump inhibitor based combination therapy is one standard strategy for @entity1534 eradication. AIM: To compare the eradication and duodenal @entity1066 efficacy of two 2-week, single dose, @entity10042 based combination therapies. METHODS: Healthy adult @entity1 with endoscopically confirmed, @entity1534 associated @entity4773 (3 mm > @entity1066 < 20 mm) were eligible for the study. All @entity1 received a 14 day course of @entity10042 30 mg o.m., and were randomized to receive either 7 or 14 days of @entity115 1 g b.d. and @entity4581 500 mg b.d. @entity1 were endoscoped at entry and 14-17 days later. Symptomatic, unhealed @entity1 received a further 14 days of therapy with @entity10042 30 mg o.m. Eradication was confirmed a minimum of 28 days after cessation of all therapy by urease reaction and histological assessment of gastric body and antral biopsies (three biopsies each site). RESULTS: Sixty-two @entity1 were randomized to a treatment arm, of which 58 could be included in an intention-to-treat and key-point-available analysis. @entity1534 eradication rates were identical, at 93% (95% CI: 73-98% (1 week), 78-99% (2 week)). In the combined group, all but 13 @entity1066 were healed at 2 weeks; six required further therapy because of symptoms, while six of the seven asymptomatic @entity1 went on to heal. CONCLUSION: An eradication regimen, based on a 2-week course of single dose @entity10042 with 1 week of antibiotic co-therapy, is effective in eradicating @entity1534 , while the 2 weeks of acid suppression is usually effective in duodenal @entity1066 .

title: @entity1534 eradication and @entity1066 with daily @entity10042 , plus 1 or 2 weeks co-therapy with XXXX and @entity4581 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity115 :: ('MESH:D000658', 'Chemical') :: ['amoxycillin']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulcer', 'ulcer healing', 'ulcers']

entities_list: @entity4581 :: ('MESH:D017291', 'Chemical') :: ['clarithromycin']

entities_list: @entity4773 :: ('MESH:D004381', 'Disease') :: ['duodenal ulcer disease']

entities_list: @entity10042 :: ('MESH:C058687', 'Chemical') :: ['lansoprazole']

entities_list: @entity1534 :: ('210', 'Species') :: ['H. pylori', 'Helicobacter pylori']

answer: @entity115 :: (MESH:D000658,Chemical) :: ['amoxycillin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 is known as a heterogeneous disease because gene expression analyses identify several subtypes and the molecular profiles are prognostic and predictive for @entity1 . Our aim, in this study, is to estimate the prevalence of @entity0 subtypes and to determine the relationship between clinico-pathological characteristics, overall survival (OS) and disease free survival (DFS) for @entity1 coming from north-east of Morocco. METHODS: We reviewed 366 cases of @entity0 diagnosed between January 2007 to June 2010 at the Department of pathology. Age, size @entity5 , metastatic profile, node involvement profile, OS and DFS were analyzed on 181 @entity1 . These last parameters were estimated by Kaplan-Meier analysis and log-rank test to estimate outcome differences among subgroups. RESULTS: The average age was 45 years, our @entity1 were diagnosed late (57% stage III, 17.5% stage IV) with a high average @entity5 size. Luminal A subtype was more prevalent (53.6%) associated with favorable clinic-pathological characteristics, followed by luminal B (16.4%), @entity1722 -overexpressing (12.6%), basal-like (12.6%) and unclassified subtype (4.9%).Survival analysis showed a significant difference between subtypes. The @entity5 were associated with poor prognosis (49% OS, 39% DFS), whereas the luminal A were associated with a better prognosis (88% OS, 59% DFS). The luminal B and the @entity1722 -overexpressing subtypes were associated with an intermediate prognosis (77% and 75% OS, and 41% and 38% DFS respectively). CONCLUSION: This study showed that molecular classification by immunohistochemistry was necessary for therapeutic decision and prognosis of @entity0 . The luminal A subtype was associated with favorable biological characteristics and a better prognosis than @entity5 that were associated with a poor prognosis and unfavorable clinic-pathological characteristics.

title: Prevalence of molecular subtypes and prognosis of XXXX in north-east of Morocco: retrospective study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'triple negative tumors']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast carcinoma', 'Breast carcinoma', 'breast cancer']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['invasive breast cancer']


abstract: There are various causes to a low level of consciousness in @entity1 in the intensive care unit. @entity16 , @entity281 , and metabolic disarray are considered as some of the causes. A 39 year-old female @entity1 was transferred to our hospital with @entity326 due to ascending @entity694 . The @entity1 had previously received @entity43 surgery and a cycle of chemotherapy at another hospital. Emergent operation for @entity694 was successful. After the operation, she was treated in the intensive care unit for @entity358 . She suddenly showed deterioration in her level of consciousness and had a generalized @entity410 . At the time of her @entity410 , she had severe @entity3263 . Brain CT showed severe @entity2657 that was absent in the CT scan taken 2 days before. Continuous renal replacement therapy was conducted but was ineffective in lowering the level of serum @entity3265 and the @entity1 subsequently died.

title: Sudden severe XXXX and status epilepticus -a case report-.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity2657 :: ('MESH:D001929', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral edema']

entities_list: @entity326 :: ('MESH:D012772', 'Disease') :: ['septic shock']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['Neurological injury']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['infectious and pulmonary complications']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon perforation']

entities_list: @entity3263 :: ('MESH:D022124', 'Disease') :: ['hyperammonemia']

answer: @entity3263 :: (MESH:D022124,Disease) :: ['hyperammonemia']


abstract: AIM: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of adding biphasic insulin aspart 30 ( @entity14184 ; NovoMix 30) to existing @entity1697 ( @entity1697 ) vs. optimizing @entity1697 in a subgroup of Western Pacific @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 inadequately controlled on oral monotherapy or oral combination therapy. METHODS: This 26-week, multi-centre, open-labelled, randomized, two-arm parallel trial consisted of a 2-week screening period, followed by 24 weeks of treatment. Subjects randomized to @entity14184 treatment (n = 129) received @entity14184 once daily (o.d.) at dinnertime between Week 2 and Week 14, and those not reaching treatment targets were switched to twice daily (b.i.d.) @entity14184 at Week 14 (n = 50). Subjects randomized to the OAD-only arm (n = 63) continued with their previous OAD treatment and, in an attempt to reach treatment goals, the dose was optimized (but OAD unchanged) in accordance to local treatment practice and labelling. RESULTS: Significantly greater reductions in HbA(1c) over Weeks 0-13 with @entity14184 (o.d.) vs. OAD-only treatment (1.16 vs. 0.58%; p < 0.001), and over Weeks 0-26, with @entity14184 (o.d.) and @entity14184 (b.i.d.) treatments vs. OAD-only treatment (1.24 vs. 1.34 vs. 0.67%; p < 0.01). Hypoglycaemic episodes were reported in 54% of the @entity1 in @entity14184 (o.d. and b.i.d. pooled) and 30% of the @entity1 in OAD-only group. All episodes were minor or symptomatic, except for one in each treatment group, which was major. CONCLUSIONS: Initiating @entity14184 treatment is a safe and more effective way to improve glycaemic control in Western Pacific @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 inadequately controlled with oral monotherapy or oral combination therapy compared with optimizing oral combination therapy alone. In @entity1 not reaching treatment target on @entity14184 (o.d.), treatment with @entity14184 (b.i.d.) should be considered.

title: Adding biphasic insulin aspart 30 once or twice daily is more efficacious than optimizing oral antidiabetic treatment in @entity1 with XXXX 2 @entity6 .

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity1697 :: ('MESH:D009062', 'Disease') :: ['oral antidiabetic agents', 'OADs']

answer: @entity164 :: (MESH:D017827,Disease) :: ['type']


abstract: Access to @entity378 drugs depends on multiple factors. Selection of a standard list of @entity1906 drugs to procure is the first step. This paper reviews the advantages and disadvantages of procuring and using fixed-dose combination (FDC) products for both the intensive and continuation phases of treatment. The major advantages are to prevent the emergence of resistance, to simplify logistic management and to reduce costs. The major disadvantage is the need for the manufacturers to assure the quality of these FDCs by bioavailability testing. The paper reports on the inclusion of second-line @entity1906 drugs in the 1999 WHO Essential Drug List (EDL). The need to ensure that these drugs are used within established DOTS-Plus programs is stressed. The price of @entity1906 drugs is determined by many factors, including producer prices, local taxes and duties as well as mark-ups and fees. @entity1906 drug prices for both the public and private sectors from industrialized and developing countries are reported. Price trends over time are also reported. The key findings of this study are that @entity1906 drug prices have generally declined in developing countries while they have increased in developed countries, both for the public and private sectors. Prices vary between countries, with the US paying as much as 95 times the price paid in a specific developing country. The prices of public sector first-line @entity1906 drugs vary little between countries, although differences do exist due to the procurement methods used. The price of tuberculin, a diagnostic agent, has increased dramatically in the US, with substantial inter-country variations in price. The paper suggests that further research is necessary to identify the reasons for the price disparities and changes over time, and suggests methods which can be used by National @entity378 Programme managers to ensure availability of quality assured @entity1906 drugs at low prices.

title: XXXX drug issues: prices, fixed-dose combination products and second-line drugs.

entities_list: @entity378 :: ('MESH:D014376', 'Disease') :: ['Tuberculosis', 'tuberculosis']

answer: @entity378 :: (MESH:D014376,Disease) :: ['Tuberculosis']


abstract: In 80% of @entity1 suffering from @entity3039 , the disease is a self-limited process. Established therapeutic measures are commonly used to effect symptomatic relief. The foremost of these is the administration of immunoglobulins and @entity288 . A total of 113 @entity1 and adolescents with @entity3039 were examined retrospectively in this study. Of these, 48%, did not require any therapy, 37% were treated with high-dose immunoglobulin, and 15% with @entity617 as first-line treatment of extensive purpura of the skin and the mucous membrane. The time until the thrombocyte count reached 100 G/l was shorter in the treated group than in the one that was not treated (4.5 and 6.0 versus 21 days). 71% of all @entity1 achieved remission in six month. In 29% the disease took a chronic course. Of 33 @entity1 with chronic therapy-dependent disease, 7 were splenectomised successfully. Seven further @entity1 continue to live with thrombocyte counts below 20 G/l, of which 4 suffer from recurrent @entity548 episodes. In @entity1 with acute and chronic @entity3039 , the aim of treatment is to prevent potentially fatal @entity548 . @entity1 with thrombocyte counts below 20 G/l are high-risk @entity1 . Nevertheless, even in this group, the therapy should be decided clinically according to @entity548 tendency. Ideally, the therapy should result in a quick increase of thrombocyte counts whilst causing minimum side effects. Of the various established treatment modalities, high-dose immunoglobulin and high-dose @entity617 best fulfil these requirements.

title: [Use of corticosteroids and immunoglobulins in acute and chronic XXXX in childhood. A clinically oriented treatment concept].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity3039 :: ('MESH:D016553', 'Disease') :: ['immune thrombocytopenic purpura']

entities_list: @entity617 :: ('MESH:D011239', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisolone']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity3039 :: (MESH:D016553,Disease) :: ['immune thrombocytopenia']


abstract: Fragment screening, an emerging approach for hit finding in drug discovery, has recently been proven effective by its first approved drug, @entity5457 , for @entity5 treatment. Techniques such as nuclear magnetic resonance, surface plasmon resonance, and isothemal titration calorimetry, with their own pros and cons, have been employed for screening fragment libraries. As an alternative approach, screening based on high-performance liquid chromatography separation has been developed. In this work, we present weak affinity LC/ @entity15 as a method to screen fragments under high-throughput conditions. Affinity-based capillary columns with immobilized @entity556 were used to screen a collection of 590 compounds from a fragment library. The collection was divided into 11 mixtures (each containing 35 to 65 fragments) and screened by @entity15 detection. The primary screening was performed in <4 h (corresponding to >3500 fragments per day). Thirty hits were defined, which subsequently entered a secondary screening using an active site-blocked @entity556 column for confirmation of specificity. One hit showed selective binding to @entity556 with an estimated dissociation constant (K (D)) in the 0.1 mM range. This study shows that affinity LC/ @entity15 is characterized by high throughput, ease of operation, and low consumption of target and fragments, and therefore it promises to be a valuable method for fragment screening.

title: High-throughput fragment screening by affinity LC- XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity5457 :: ('MESH:C551177', 'Chemical') :: ['vemurafenib']

answer: @entity15 :: (MESH:D009103,Disease) :: ['MS']


abstract: The objective of this study was to predict @entity1578 and morbidity after hepatectomy for @entity157 ( @entity157 ) with @entity82 . The @entity3851 ( @entity3851 ) score is currently accepted as a disease severity index of cirrhotic @entity1 awaiting liver transplantation; however, its impact on prognosis after resection of @entity157 on @entity82 has never been investigated. One hundred fifty-four cirrhotic @entity1 resected in a tertiary care setting for @entity157 were retrospectively analyzed. For each @entity1 , the @entity3851 score was calculated and related to @entity1578 and complications (morbidity). Hospital stay and 1-year survival was also investigated. @entity3851 accuracy in predicting @entity1578 and morbidity of cirrhotic @entity1 was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Eleven @entity1 (7.1%) experienced @entity1578 leading to @entity204 or transplantation. ROC analysis identified cirrhotic @entity1 with a @entity3851 score equal to or above 11 at high risk for @entity1578 (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.92, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.87-0.96; sensitivity = 82%; specificity = 89%). Forty-six @entity1 (29.9%) developed at least 1 postoperative complication: ROC analysis identified @entity1 with a @entity3851 score equal to or above 9 at major risk for @entity260 (AUC = 0.85, 95% CI = 0.78-0.89; sensitivity = 87%; specificity = 63%). Cirrhotic @entity1 with @entity3851 score below 9 had no @entity1578 and low morbidity (8.1%). In conclusion, the @entity3851 score can accurately predict @entity1578 and morbidity of cirrhotic @entity1 referred for resection of @entity157 and should be used to select the best candidates for hepatectomy.

title: Impact of @entity3851 ( @entity3851 ) score on prognosis after hepatectomy for @entity157 on XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity1578 :: ('MESH:D017093', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative liver failure']

entities_list: @entity3851 :: ('MESH:D058625', 'Disease') :: ['MELD', 'model for end-stage liver disease']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'hepatocellular carcinoma']

answer: @entity82 :: (MESH:D005355,Disease) :: ['cirrhosis']


abstract: Water-soluble contrast media (Urografin) cause redistribution of intravascular and extracellular fluid into intestinal lumen due to their hyperosmolarity. As a consequence, these media decrease intestinal wall @entity4 and act as a direct stimulant to intestinal peristalsis. In this prospective study, we aimed to examine objectively the therapeutic role and ability of Urografin in @entity1 with @entity86 for whom failed to respond to conservative treatment. Three hundred and seventeen @entity1 with @entity86 due to intraperitoneal adhesions were included prospectively in this study. In the Urografin group, 40 mL Urografin diluted in 40 mL distilled water was administered through the nasogastric tube. No contrast media were administered in the control group, but the @entity1 were decompressed via a nasogastric tube continuously. The number of obstruction episode in 317 @entity1 was 338. In total, 199 @entity1 were in the Urografin group, and 118 @entity1 were in the control group. In the Urografin group, 178 (89.4%) @entity1 responded successfully to the treatment, but 21 (11.6%) @entity1 underwent surgical operation. Intensive intraabdominal adhesions and obstructing @entity82 were observed and repaired in 15 (71.4%) @entity1 at the operation, while 6 @entity1 underwent segmental small intestine resection in control group, conventional management was successful in only 89 (75.4%) @entity1 , and the remaining 29 (24.6%) @entity1 underwent surgical intervention. In conclusion, it was suggested that in @entity1 with @entity1321 due to postoperative intra-abdominal adhesion, water-soluble contrast media such as @entity3989 may be safely administered via a nasogastric tube or oral route and may decrease the need for surgical operation; furthermore, they may help the physician to operate the @entity1 who needs surgery as early as possible.

title: Comparison of Urografin versus standard therapy in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrous bands']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative small bowel obstruction']

entities_list: @entity1321 :: ('MESH:D007415', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal obstruction']

entities_list: @entity3989 :: ('MESH:D003974', 'Chemical') :: ['Urografin']

answer: @entity86 :: (MESH:D019106,Disease) :: ['postoperative small bowel obstruction']


abstract: This retrospective study aimed to collect data related to the clinical manifestations and laboratory investigations of @entity1252 ( @entity1252 ) @entity1 in the eastern part of Saudi Arabia, in one of the tertiary-care centers, King Fahd Hospital Al-Hasa, and to compare it with other regions of Saudi Arabia. Forty-six @entity1 fulfilling the American College of Rheumatology 1997 criteria (ACR) were collected over a period from January 2004 to December 2008. The results showed an average age of onset of 26.17 (  9.17). The most common clinical features were nonspecific constitutional symptoms ( @entity221 , @entity1295 ) seen in 44 @entity1 (95.7%). Musculoskeletal features seen were mostly @entity4841 (91.3%) and @entity625 (76.1%). @entity1310 was seen in 58.7% and @entity101 in 52.2%. Mucocutaneous involvement included oral @entity1066 (71.7%), hair loss (65.2%), butterfly rashes (67.4%), photosensitivity (47.8%) and discoid @entity1252 (13%). Neurologic manifestations showed @entity716 in 17.4%, @entity308 in 15.2% and @entity10 in 28.3%. The most common hematologic presentation was @entity1431 (58.7%) followed by @entity5714 and @entity417 of @entity102 (47.8%). Antinuclear antibodies were positive in 44 (95.7%), anti-dsDNA in 38 (42.6%), anti- @entity6540 and La SSB in 38 (82.6%). Anticardiolipin antibodies and @entity4555 were positive in eight (17.4%). Low complement levels (C3 and C4) were seen in 41 (89.1%) of the @entity1 with active disease. The drugs used in treatment were NSAIDs (100%), antimalarials (97.8%), @entity230 (100%), intermittent @entity786 and other immunosuppressive drugs (71.7%). We found that the age of onset and sex distributions were different from other areas of Saudi Arabia, while clinical manifestations were the same as in other areas. The prognosis of @entity1252 was good overall despite the multi-organ involvement. However, further studies based on larger number of @entity1 are needed.

title: @entity1252 ( XXXX ) in the eastern region of Saudi Arabia. A comparative study.

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity1310 :: ('MESH:D009393', 'Disease') :: ['Nephritis']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['arthritis']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity1252 :: ('MESH:D008180', 'Disease') :: ['SLE', 'systemic lupus erythematosus', 'lupus']

entities_list: @entity1295 :: ('MESH:D005221', 'Disease') :: ['fatigue and malaise']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic disease']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity4555 :: ('MESH:C531622', 'Disease') :: ['lupus anticoagulant']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychosis']

entities_list: @entity1431 :: ('MESH:D007970', 'Disease') :: ['leukopenia']

entities_list: @entity5714 :: ('MESH:D000743', 'Disease') :: ['hemolytic anemia']

entities_list: @entity4841 :: ('MESH:D018771', 'Disease') :: ['arthralgias']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

answer: @entity1252 :: (MESH:D008180,Disease) :: ['SLE']