abstract: We present what appears to be the first reported case of @entity8193 and @entity4053 in an adult @entity1 with @entity2109 . @entity8193 and @entity4053 are rare complications of @entity1893 ( @entity1893 ) with only 26 and 8 previous reports, respectively. Two prior cases of @entity2109 -induced @entity8193 have been reported (one @entity1 , one adult), both in the absence of @entity4053 . A 74-year-old @entity1 presented with right upper @entity4 , @entity1143 and @entity3329 . Thoracentesis and bone marrow studies revealed @entity2109 . On the second day of his hospitalization he developed severe @entity8193 (pH 7.29, lactate 15.8 mmol/L) and @entity4053 (27 - 60 mg/dl) resistant to @entity413 infusions. Serum insulin, @entity2690 and @entity2690 levels were normal and insulin antibodies were negative. Insulin-like growth factors I and II were low, while thyroid and @entity701 studies were normal. The @entity1 's mental status became altered, care was withdrawn and the @entity1 expired. An autopsy revealed significant @entity5 burden that appeared to spare the liver. An extensive review of the literature demonstrates that @entity1893 -induced @entity8193 is associated with a mortality rate of 73% at 1 month and 92% overall with the clinical course closely linked to the chemotherapeutic response of the @entity5 . Furthermore, in contrast to our @entity1 , 90% of previously reported cases were associated with liver involvement.

title: @entity2109 presenting with XXXX and @entity4053 - a case presentation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'man', 'child']

entities_list: @entity1143 :: ('MESH:D010996', 'Disease') :: ['pleural effusion']

entities_list: @entity3329 :: ('MESH:D008206', 'Disease') :: ['axillary lymphadenopathy']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['extremity swelling']

entities_list: @entity2690 :: ('3630', 'Gene') :: ['proinsulin', 'C-peptide']

entities_list: @entity2109 :: ('MESH:D002051', 'Disease') :: ["Burkitt's lymphoma"]

entities_list: @entity4053 :: ('MESH:D007003', 'Disease') :: ['hypoglycemia']

entities_list: @entity8193 :: ('MESH:D000140', 'Disease') :: ['Lactic acidosis', 'lactic acidosis']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ["non-Hodgkin's lymphoma", 'NHL']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity8193 :: (MESH:D000140,Disease) :: ['lactic acidosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Bridging therapy plays an increasingly important role in the management of @entity1 with @entity157 ( @entity157 ) awaiting liver transplantation (LT). Combination therapy with drug-eluting bead transarterial chemoembolization (DEB- @entity3375 ) and percutaneous thermal ablation, such as radiofrequency ablation (RFA) or microwave ablation (MWA), has shown success at prolonging survival and bridging @entity1 to LT. However, few studies have evaluated the two combination therapy regimens head-to-head at a single institution, and fewer have compared histopathology. This retrospective study compares @entity5 coagulation on explanted livers in @entity1 with @entity157 treated with DEB- @entity3375 sequentially combined with RFA versus MWA. METHODS: From 2005 to 2015, 42 sequential @entity1 underwent combination therapy prior to LT by Milan criteria, with 11 @entity1 (11 @entity5 ; mean, 2.9 cm; range, 1.8-4.3 cm) in the DEB- @entity3375 /RFA cohort and 31 @entity1 (40 @entity5 ; mean, 2.4 cm; range, 1.1-5.4 cm) in the DEB- @entity3375 /MWA cohort. The mean @entity3375 procedures in the RFA and MWA cohorts were 1.3 (range, 1-2) and 1.3 (range, 1-3), respectively. The mean thermal ablations in the RFA and MWA cohorts were 1.2 (range, 1-2) and 1.3 (range, 1-3), respectively. @entity5 coagulation was evaluated on explanted livers. RESULTS: Mean @entity5 coagulation in the RFA and MWA cohorts were 88.9% (range, 0-100%) and 90.5% (range, 30-100%), respectively (P=0.82). Rates of complete @entity5 coagulation in the RFA and MWA cohorts were 45% and 53%, respectively (P=0.74). No difference in @entity5 coagulation was found between the cohorts when separating @entity5 <3 cm (P=0.21) and >3 cm (P=0.09). Among all 51 @entity5 , the 36 in complete response (CR) on imaging at LT demonstrated mean @entity5 coagulation of 95.8%. No correlation was found between @entity5 coagulation and initial @entity5 size or time interval to LT. No @entity5 seeding was seen along the ablation tracts. CONCLUSIONS: RFA and MWA in sequential combination with DEB- @entity3375 , used as a bridge to LT, are equally efficacious at inducing @entity96 coagulation.

title: Radiofrequency and microwave ablation in combination with transarterial chemoembolization induce equivalent histopathologic coagulation necrosis in XXXX @entity1 bridged to liver transplantation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['HCC tumor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'hepatocellular carcinoma']

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of @entity2614 anesthesia on heart rate HR fall with the injection of the initial drug in caudal space to confirm the correct needle placement. METHODS: After the ethical approval was obtained from the hospital's ethics committee, a prospective, randomized, clinical study was designed in Yeditepe University Hospital, in 2007. @entity1 aged 1-12 years, scheduled for infraumbilical surgery under general anesthesia, and @entity616 were included in the study. Anesthesia was induced, and maintained by @entity2614 in group S (n=85), and by @entity1508 in group H (n=82). Baseline HR was recorded before the @entity616 was performed. The HR changes during the initial dose, and total drug injection were recorded followed by 2 more HR recordings taken 5, and 10 minutes after caudal injection. The success of the block was recorded by a blind observer. RESULTS: There were 167 @entity1 included in the study. Caudal block success was 96.5% in group S, and 97.6% in group H. Basal HR was 110.9 +/- 10.9 in group S, and 105.9 +/- 10.1 in group H. Following the initial drug injection, mean HR was 109.8 +/- 10.9 in group S, and 102.9 +/- 9.9 in group H. It was significantly lower than the baseline in group H. The only significant decrease in the HR of the @entity1 in group S was at the tenth minute following caudal injection. CONCLUSION: The decrease in HR with drug injection has no value to predict the success of @entity616 under @entity2614 anesthesia.

title: Comparison of the effect of XXXX and @entity1508 anesthesia on the fall in heart rate as a predictor of successful single shot caudal epidural in @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity1508 :: ('MESH:D006221', 'Chemical') :: ['halothane']

entities_list: @entity616 :: ('MESH:D006327', 'Disease') :: ['caudal block']

entities_list: @entity2614 :: ('MESH:C009250', 'Chemical') :: ['sevoflurane']

answer: @entity2614 :: (MESH:C009250,Chemical) :: ['sevoflurane']


abstract: Hyperdiploidy with greater than or equal to 50 chromosomes is a frequent and distinct karyotypic pattern in the malignant cells of @entity1 with @entity981 . To understand better the mechanism of formation of the @entity981 karyotype, we studied 15 @entity1 using 20 DNA probes that detect restriction fragment length polymorphisms. We first examined disomic chromosomes for loss of heterozygosity. Two @entity1 had widespread loss of heterozygosity on all informative disomic chromosomes, and represent cases of near-haploid @entity1778 in which the chromosomes doubled. One other @entity1 had loss of heterozygosity limited to chromosome 3; in this @entity1 all of seven other informative disomic chromosomes retained heterozygosity. Loss of heterozygosity was not detected in the remaining 12 @entity1 on a total of 87 informative disomic chromosomes. We then examined tetrasomic chromosomes for parental dosage. Of the 13 @entity1 in whom widespread loss of heterozygosity was not present, 11 @entity1 had tetrasomy 21; 10 of 11 (91%) had an equal dose of maternal and paternal alleles on chromosome 21 and only 1 of 11 (9%) had an unequal dose of parental alleles in a 3:1 ratio. These results suggest that the @entity981 karyotype usually arises by simultaneous gain of chromosomes from a diploid karyotype during a single abnormal cell division, and occasionally by doubling of chromosomes from a near-haploid karyotype. The hyperdiploidy in cases without widespread loss of heterozygosity is not caused by stepwise or sequential gains from a diploid karyotype or by losses from a tetraploid karyotype; the former should result in a 3:1 parental dosage for 67% of tetrasomic chromosomes (9% observed) and the latter should result in loss of heterozygosity for 33% of disomic chromosomes (1% observed). Additional studies of the molecular basis for this @entity1778 subtype are warranted.

title: Formation of a XXXX karyotype in childhood @entity981 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity981 :: ('MESH:D054198', 'Disease') :: ['acute lymphoblastic leukemia', 'hyperdiploid']

answer: @entity981 :: (MESH:D054198,Disease) :: ['hyperdiploid']


abstract: BACKGROUND CONTEXT: The results of single-center studies have shown that surgical intervention for @entity2649 yielded comparable health-related quality of life (HRQoL) improvement to @entity2720 ( @entity2720 ). Whether these results are generalizable to routine clinical practice in Canada is unknown. PURPOSE: The primary purpose of this equivalence study was to compare the relative improvement in physical HRQoL after surgery for focal @entity2649 (FLSS) compared with @entity2720 for hip and @entity626 ( @entity571 ) across six Canadian centers. STUDY DESIGN/SETTING: A Canadian multicenter ambispective cohort study. @entity1 SAMPLE: A cohort of 371 primary one- to two-level spinal decompression (n=214 with instrumented fusion) for FLSS (n=179 with degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis [DLS]) was compared with a cohort of primary total hip (n=156) and knee (n=208) arthroplasty for @entity571 . OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcome was the change in preoperative to 2-year postoperative 36-Item Short Form Health Survey @entity2483 ( @entity2483 ) score as reflected by the number of @entity1 reaching @entity922 ( @entity922 ) and substantial clinical benefit (SCB). METHODS: Univariate analyses were conducted to identify baseline differences and factors that were significantly related to outcomes at 2 years. Multivariable regression modeling was used as our primary analysis to compare outcomes between groups. RESULTS: The mean age (years) and percent females for the spine, hip, and knee groups were 63.3/58.5, 66.0/46.9, and 65.8/64.3, respectively. All three groups experienced significant improvement of baseline @entity2483 (p<.001). Multivariate analyses, adjusting for baseline differences (age, gender, baseline Mental Component Summary score, baseline @entity2483 ), demonstrated no significant differences in @entity2483 outcome between spinal surgery and arthroplasty (combined hip and knee cohorts) @entity1 with an odds ratio of 0.80 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.57-1.11; p=.17) and 0.79 (95% CI, 0.58-1.09; p=.15) for achieving @entity922 or SCB, respectively. In subgroup analysis, spine and knee outcomes were not significantly different, with hip arthroplasty superior to both (p<.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Significant improvement in physical HRQoL after surgical treatment of FLSS (including DLS) is consistently achieved nationally. Our overall results demonstrate that a comparable number of @entity1 can expect to achieve @entity922 and SCB 2 years after surgical intervention for FLSS and total knee arthroplasty.

title: Postoperative improvement in health-related quality of life: a national comparison of surgical treatment for focal (one- to two-level) @entity2649 compared with @entity2720 for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENT']

entities_list: @entity626 :: ('MESH:D020370', 'Disease') :: ['knee osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity2649 :: ('MESH:C563613', 'Disease') :: ['lumbar spinal stenosis']

entities_list: @entity2720 :: ('MESH:D007592', 'Disease') :: ['total joint arthroplasty', 'TJA']

entities_list: @entity2483 :: ('MESH:C566443', 'Disease') :: ['PCS', 'Physical Component Summary']

entities_list: @entity922 :: ('MESH:D013568', 'Disease') :: ['minimal clinically important difference', 'MCID']

answer: @entity571 :: (MESH:D010003,Disease) :: ['osteoarthritis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity507 -based combination therapy (ACT) is the first-line @entity311 treatment throughout most of the @entity311 -endemic world. Data on ACT availability, price and market share are needed to provide a firm evidence base from which to assess the current situation concerning quality-assured ACT supply. This paper presents supply side data from ACTwatch outlet surveys in Benin, the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Madagascar, Nigeria, Uganda and Zambia. METHODS: Between March 2009 and June 2010, nationally representative surveys of outlets providing anti-malarials to consumers were conducted. A census of all outlets with the potential to provide anti-malarials was conducted in clusters sampled randomly. RESULTS: 28,263 outlets were censused, 51,158 anti-malarials were audited, and 9,118 providers interviewed. The proportion of public health facilities with at least one first-line quality-assured ACT in stock ranged between 43% and 85%. Among private sector outlets stocking at least one anti-malarial, non- @entity507 therapies, such as @entity503 and @entity16945 - @entity4765 , were widely available (> 95% of outlets) as compared to first-line quality-assured ACT (< 25%). In the public/not-for-profit sector, first-line quality-assured ACT was available for free in all countries except Benin and the DRC (US 1.29 [Inter Quartile Range (IQR):  1.29- 1.29] and  0.52[IQR:  0.00- 1.29] per adult equivalent dose respectively). In the private sector, first-line quality-assured ACT was 5-24 times more expensive than non- @entity507 therapies. The exception was Madagascar where, due to national social marketing of subsidized ACT, the price of first-line quality-assured ACT ( 0.14 [IQR:  0.10,  0.57]) was significantly lower than the most popular treatment ( @entity503 ,  0.36 [IQR:  0.36,  0.36]). Quality-assured ACT accounted for less than 25% of total anti-malarial volumes; private-sector quality-assured ACT volumes represented less than 6% of the total market share. Most anti-malarials were distributed through the private sector, but often comprised non- @entity507 therapies, and in the DRC and Nigeria, oral @entity507 monotherapies. Provider knowledge of the first-line treatment was significantly lower in the private sector than in the public/not-for-profit sector. CONCLUSIONS: These standardized, nationally representative results demonstrate the typically low availability, low market share and high prices of ACT, in the private sector where most anti-malarials are accessed, with some exceptions. The results confirm that there is substantial room to improve availability and affordability of ACT treatment in the surveyed countries. The data will also be useful for monitoring the impact of interventions such as the Affordable Medicines Facility for @entity311 .

title: Got ACTs? Availability, price, market share and provider knowledge of anti-malarial medicines in public and private sector outlets in six XXXX -endemic countries.

entities_list: @entity16945 :: ('CHEBI:9329', 'Chemical') :: ['sulphadoxine']

entities_list: @entity507 :: ('MESH:C031327', 'Chemical') :: ['Artemisinin', 'artemisinin']

entities_list: @entity503 :: ('MESH:D002738', 'Chemical') :: ['chloroquine']

entities_list: @entity4765 :: ('MESH:D011739', 'Chemical') :: ['pyrimethamine']

answer: @entity311 :: (MESH:D008288,Disease) :: ['malaria']


abstract: Flexibility of the materials used in the construction of bioprosthetic heart valves is essential for proper valve operation. We therefore examined the bending behaviour of @entity3584 treated porcine aortic valve cusps in comparison with fresh aortic valve tissue. We repeatedly bent a total of 35 strips of fresh and treated tissue to curvatures ranging from 0.2 to 2.2 mm-1. We compared the stiffness of the two materials between circumferential and radial bending, natural and reverse curvatures and constant or variable tensile stress (0.8-40 kPa). Our results showed a weak positive relationship between bending stiffness and applied tensile stress and a strong positive dependance of stiffness on tissue thickness (t). For the fresh tissue, the bending stiffness increased in proportion to t1.14 while for the @entity3584 treated tissue it increased with t2.18. Fourteen strips of fresh and treated tissue were also histologically processed, sectioned and examined with polarized light microscopy. Collagen fiber wavelengths and shear deformations were measured utilizing the tissue banding patterns produced by polarized light microscopy. The @entity2270 of bending was found to lie very close to the outer surface of the tissue, suggesting that aortic leaflets have a very low compressive elastic modulus. The shear strains measured in fresh tissue were 10 +/- 2.7% vs 3 +/- 4.4% for the treated, indicating a stiffening of the tissue following @entity3584 fixation. We conclude that both natural and bioprosthetic valve cusps have a complex flexural behaviour that cannot be modeled using simple bending principles, although the bioprosthetic material more closely approximates the simple beam than does the fresh. The non-linear elastic modulus, high compressibility and shearing between fiber layers are likely responsible for the observed behaviour of the fresh tissue, while the cross-linking and dehydrating effects of @entity3584 are believed to be responsible for the alteration in bending properties observed in the treated tissue. Our study suggests that bioprosthetic valve material does not adequately mimic the mechanics of the natural valve tissue, and that the current @entity3584 fixation process eliminates many of the beneficial, stress-reducing properties of the aortic leaflet.

title: Analysis of the bending behaviour of porcine xenograft leaflets and of natural aortic valve material: bending stiffness, XXXX and shear measurements.

entities_list: @entity2270 :: ('MESH:C566610', 'Disease') :: ['neutral axis']

entities_list: @entity3584 :: ('MESH:D005976', 'Chemical') :: ['glutaraldehyde']

answer: @entity2270 :: (MESH:C566610,Disease) :: ['neutral axis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare prediction of perinatal deaths among preterm @entity1 based on fetal weight standards versus a new subpopulation-based birthweight standard. DESIGN: Population-based cohort study. SETTING: France. POPULATION: A total of 9100 preterm singletons, born between 24 and 36 weeks of gestation in 2000-09, in Burgundy (France). METHODS: We first classified all newborns as either small for gestational age (SGA) or not, based on alternative fetal weight or birthweight standards, including a new birthweight standard that excludes @entity1 born to mothers with disease related to the weight of a fetus. Based on discrepancies between the different classifications, we then divided the newborns into four groups, and compared their risks of @entity2209 and in-hospital @entity204 , using a generalised linear model with relative risks (RR). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Perinatal deaths, including, in separate analyses, stillbirths and in-hospital deaths. RESULTS: The preterm @entity1 classified as SGA by our new subpopulation-based birthweight standard but not by the conventional birthweight standard had a significantly higher risk of both @entity2209 (RR = 2.6; 95% confidence interval [95% CI] = 1.9-3.6) and in-hospital @entity204 (RR = 2.8; 95% CI = 1.8-4.5). In contrast, no risk increase was found for @entity1 classified as SGA by the fetal standard only (RR = 1.1; 95% CI = 0.7-1.7 for stillbirths, and RR = 0.5; 95% CI = 0.3-1.3 for in-hospital deaths). CONCLUSIONS: Our subpopulation-based birthweight standard identified a subgroup of preterm newborns who have significantly increased risks of perinatal @entity204 but are not classified as SGA by the conventional birthweight standard. In contrast, the subgroup classified as SGA by the fetal standards only, but not by our subpopulation-based birthweight standard, had no increased risk of mortality, compared with non-SGA @entity1 .

title: Comparison of the ability of alternative birthweight and fetal weight standards to identify preterm newborns at increased risk of perinatal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2209 :: ('MESH:D050497', 'Disease') :: ['stillbirth']

answer: @entity204 :: (MESH:D003643,Disease) :: ['death']


abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the degree of conversion (DC), microhardness, microleakage and @entity1388 release of a nano-filled resin based fissure sealant (Grandio Seal, @entity1412 ) and compare it with an un-filled resin based fissure sealant (Clinpro, CL) and a glass-ionomer based fissure sealant (Fuji Triage, FT). Disk shaped specimens were prepared from tested fissure sealants to determine the DC, @entity3358 ( @entity3358 ) and @entity1388 release (FR). The DC and @entity3358 of each material was evaluated after 24 h. The cumulative @entity1388 concentrations were evaluated at 1 h, 6 h, 12 h, 1, 7, 15 and 30 days. For microleakage evaluation, fissure sealants were applied to the etched and dried enamel surfaces of sound third molar teeth according to the manufacturer's instructions (n=10). After the thermocycling and mechanical loading procedures, microleakage assessments were carried out. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by a post hoc Tukey test, the Kruskal Wallis and Mann-Whitney U test (p<0.05). Results revealed differences regarding DC between all groups: FT (89%) > @entity1412 (55.02%) > CL (%51.10) (p<0.05). The @entity3358 values were significantly different among all groups in the following order: @entity1412 > FT > CL (p<0.05). FT exhibited significantly higher microleakage scores compared to the CL and @entity1412 sealants (p<0.05). The FR of FT was significantly greater than CL and @entity1412 (p<0.05). Nano-filled resin based sealant can be used as an alternative to other fissure sealant materials because of its superior @entity3358 results and feasible sealing ability.

title: Conversion degree, microhardness, microleakage and XXXX release of different fissure sealants.

entities_list: @entity3358 :: ('MESH:D018804', 'Disease') :: ['VHN', 'hardness', 'Vicker hardness']

entities_list: @entity1388 :: ('MESH:D005459', 'Chemical') :: ['fluoride']

answer: @entity1388 :: (MESH:D005459,Chemical) :: ['fluoride']


abstract: Recently, the dermal fibroblasts (ATCC @entity18204 1262) of a lethal perinatal variant of @entity6926 have been used for the first molecular characterization of a collagen gene defect (Chu, M. L., Williams, C. J., Pepe, G., Hirsch, J. L., Prockop, D. J., and Ramirez, F. (1983) Nature (Lond.) 304, 78-80). These studies revealed that the @entity1 was heterozygous for an internal deletion of approximately 500 base pairs in the pro-alpha 1(I) collagen gene, consistent with previous investigations indicating that @entity18204 1262 fibroblasts equally synthesized a normal and a shortened pro-alpha 1(I) chain (Barsh, G. S., and Byers, P. H. (1981) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 78, 5142-5146). Cloning and analysis of the affected allele of @entity18204 1262 has now indicated that the deletion is contained between two introns of the pro-alpha 1(I) gene and results in the elimination of three exons of the triple helical domain. Furthermore, the termini of the rearrangement are located within two short inverted repeats suggesting that the self-complementary nature of these DNA elements may have favored the formation of a DNA secondary structure intermediate which, in turn, served as substrate for the deletion. Evidence are also presented for an elevated Type III collagen mRNA content in the @entity1 fibroblasts.

title: Multiexon deletion in an XXXX variant with increased type III collagen mRNA.

entities_list: @entity6926 :: ('MESH:D010013', 'Disease') :: ['osteogenesis imperfecta']

answer: @entity6926 :: (MESH:D010013,Disease) :: ['osteogenesis imperfecta']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine whether aqueous levels of @entity7 ( @entity7 ) and @entity13191 ( @entity13191 ) are associated with developments of @entity1713 ( @entity1713 ) secondary to @entity2994 . METHODS: We recruited 102 @entity1 with @entity2994 and 10 controls. We divided @entity1 into two groups according to optical coherence tomography images of the macula. Forty-six of 102 @entity1 showed @entity1713 defined as being subretinal fluid accumulation with low reflectivity, and the remaining 56 @entity1 presented only @entity1103 ( @entity1103 ) defined as being hyporeflective intraretinal cavities. We measured the extent of @entity455 (disk areas) by digital @entity941 angiography and evaluated the @entity2479 defined as capillary nonperfusion. Aqueous concentrations of @entity7 and @entity13191 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and compared between the two groups. RESULTS: The incidence of major @entity2994 was higher in the @entity1713 group (38 of 46, 83%) than in the @entity1103 group (32 of 56, 66%, P = 0.01). The incidences of @entity5327 and @entity63 was similar between the @entity1713 group (18 of 46 and 20 of 46) and the @entity1103 group (20 of 56 and 24 of 56), whereas @entity455 areas were larger in the @entity1713 group than in the @entity1103 group (P = 0.02). Aqueous @entity7 levels were higher in the @entity1713 group than in the @entity1103 group (P < 0.001), whereas aqueous @entity13191 levels were similar. @entity7 levels were positively correlated with @entity13191 levels (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that excessive increase in vascular permeability because of @entity7 upregulation may contribute to the development of @entity1713 secondary to @entity2994 .

title: Aqueous XXXX levels are associated with serous macular detachment secondary to @entity2994 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular leakage']

entities_list: @entity7 :: ('7422', 'Gene') :: ['Vascular endothelial growth factor', 'vascular endothelial growth factor', 'VEGF']

entities_list: @entity1713 :: ('MESH:D012163', 'Disease') :: ['serous retinal detachment', 'SRD']

entities_list: @entity2994 :: ('MESH:D012170', 'Disease') :: ['branch retinal vein occlusion']

entities_list: @entity2479 :: ('MESH:D012173', 'Disease') :: ['retinal ischemia']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['macular ischemia']

entities_list: @entity1103 :: ('MESH:D008269', 'Disease') :: ['cystoid macular edema', 'CME']

entities_list: @entity941 :: ('MESH:D019793', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorescein']

entities_list: @entity5327 :: ('MESH:D065666', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic vein occlusion']

entities_list: @entity13191 :: ('57104', 'Gene') :: ['pigment epithelium-derived factor', 'PEDF']

answer: @entity7 :: (7422,Gene) :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Survivin, an inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP), has been regarded as a valuable @entity5 marker for diagnosis and prognosis of @entity150 . Recently, three splice variants of the gene with different anti-apoptotic activities have been reported. However, there is no data on the expression and potential causative roles of these transcripts in @entity150 . Here, we have investigated the expression pattern of survivin and two of its splice variants, survivin-DeltaEx3 and survivin-2B, in malignant versus non-malignant bladder tissues. METHODS: We used semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis to examine the expression of survivin variants in 30 transitional cell @entity189 , 19 matched @entity5 , and 9 apparently healthy control tissue samples of the bladder. DNA sequencing was used to confirm the identity of amplified fragments. RESULTS: For all examined samples, survivin was the predominant transcript, being present in 83% of @entity5 and 25% of @entity5 bladder tissue samples, and survivin-2B was the least detected isoform. The expression levels of survivin and survivin-DeltaEx3 was significantly higher in neoplastic compared to non-neoplastic tissues (P<0.001) and both the sensitivity and specificity of survivin were superior to survivin-DeltaEx3 (83% and 75% for survivin and 76% and 64% for survivin-DeltaEx3, respectively). Also, the expression levels of survivin and survivin-DeltaEx3 showed a significant correlation (P=0.02) with @entity5 invasiveness ( @entity2558 /pTa). CONCLUSION: Our data revealed for the first time a differential expression pattern of survivin splice variants in bladder tissues, which potentially could have a practical usefulness in diagnosis and/or therapy of the @entity5 .

title: Differential expression of survivin and its splice variants, survivin-DeltaEx3 and survivin-2B, in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'non-tumor']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder cancer']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

answer: @entity150 :: (MESH:D001749,Disease) :: ['bladder cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Numerous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been associated with @entity4932 , but few of these studies were replicated. We conducted a candidate-gene approach study to assess if some SNPs could be related to clinical subtypes or other clinical features of the @entity4932 ( @entity4932 ) such as the risk of @entity1596 , ANA positivity and the age at onset. METHODS: SNPs in six genes were analysed: @entity5812 , @entity7116 , @entity32025 -C5, @entity2533 , @entity4639 , and @entity35793 . We retrospectively included 104 @entity4932 @entity1 , fulfilling the ILAR classification criteria. Association between SNPs and @entity4932 clinical subtypes, the presence of ANA, risk of @entity1596 and age at onset was evaluated using a Chi(2) test or a Fischer test. RESULTS: No associations between different clinical subtypes as well as presence of ANA and the 6 SNPs were found. However, the AA genotype of @entity32025 -C5 appeared associated in a subgroup of @entity1 with @entity1596 in oligoarticular and polyarticular forms [OR 3.77 (95% CI: 1.1067, 12.8527); P=0.066]. Furthermore, AA @entity32025 -C5 was significantly more frequent in antinuclear antibodies (ANA) positive @entity1 presenting @entity1596 , compared to @entity1 without @entity1596 and without ANA (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: @entity32025 -C5 genotype could identify @entity4932 @entity1 with a risk to develop @entity1596 especially in oligo and polyarticular forms and among ANA-positive @entity1 . Given the moderate size of our cohort, this association has to be confirmed in other studies.

title: Association of @entity32025 -C5 with risk of XXXX in @entity4932 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4932 :: ('MESH:D001171', 'Disease') :: ['JIA', 'juvenile idiopathic arthritis']

answer: @entity1596 :: (MESH:D014605,Disease) :: ['uveitis']


abstract: @entity23159 isomerase is an essential enzyme in those living organisms such as pathogenic strains of @entity4195 and @entity794 genera which rely on the Mevalonate pathway for the production of @entity6399 . The pathogens contain type 2 IDI in contrast to @entity1 that contains type 1 IDI. Therefore, the type 2 IDI may be a potential target for the therapy of some @entity166 . In the current study, a virtual screening by docking was performed among 2000 chemicals from CoCoCo library to find a specific inhibitor for type 2 IDIs. To this end, the structures of the type 2 IDIs of @entity10948 , @entity4190 , @entity4195 , and @entity794 were molded using comparative modeling and Hidden Markov Model (HMM) based prediction. The predicted models were evaluated based on Q-mean and Prosa score. Molegro Virtual Docker with MolDock scoring function was used for measuring the binding affinity of the found inhibitor to the active site of the models. Also the inhibition effect of the compound was virtually tested on the crystallography-solved structures of the Sulfolobus shibatae and @entity4691 type 2 IDIs as well as the @entity526 type 1 IDI. Finally, the inhibition effect of the found inhibitor was virtually tested on the @entity1 type 1 IDI. Interestingly, the results suggest that the inhibitor efficiently binds to and inhibits the bacterial IDIs especially the type 2 IDIs of pathogens while it is not inhibiting the @entity1 IDI.

title: In silico modeling of the type 2 IDI enzymes of @entity10948 , @entity4190 , @entity4195 , and XXXX for virtual screening of potential inhibitors of this therapeutic target.

entities_list: @entity4691 :: ('274', 'Species') :: ['Thermus thermophilus']

entities_list: @entity6399 :: ('MESH:D013729', 'Chemical') :: ['isoprenoids']

entities_list: @entity10948 :: ('1402', 'Species') :: ['Bacillus licheniformis']

entities_list: @entity23159 :: ('MESH:C004809', 'Chemical') :: ['Isopentenyl diphosphate']

entities_list: @entity4190 :: ('316', 'Species') :: ['Pseudomonas stutzeri']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus', 'Staphylococcus']

entities_list: @entity4195 :: ('1314', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus', 'Streptococcus pyogenes']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['infectious diseases']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

answer: @entity794 :: (1280,Species) :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated the effects of mechanical circulatory support (MCS) on sub-lingual microcirculation as a surrogate for splanchnic microvascular perfusion. METHODS: Between May 2008 and April 2009, 10 consecutive @entity1 received an MCS device or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for end-stage chronic @entity712 (n = 6) or @entity1455 (n = 4). Microcirculation was investigated using a hand-held Sidestream Dark Field imaging device. @entity2478 ( @entity2478 ) and capillary red blood cell velocity (cRBCv) were assessed before device implantation (T0), immediately after implantation (T1), and 1 day after implantation (T2). RESULTS: Median @entity1 age was 45 years (interquartile range [IQR] 38-52 years) and 70% were @entity1 . MCS significantly decreased pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (p = 0.04). Median cardiac power index increased (0.29 [IQR, 0.21-0.34] W/m(2) at T0 vs 0.48 [IQR, 0.39-0.54] W/m(2) at T1, p = 0.005) as well as median central venous @entity26 saturation (54% [IQR, 46%-61%] at T0 vs 78% [IQR, 67%-85%] at T1, p = 0.007). There was a 3-fold increase in tissue perfusion index (sub-lingual @entity2478 x cRBCv) during mechanical circulatory support (573 [IQR, 407-693] at T0 vs 1909 [IQR, 1771-2835] at T1, p = 0.005). Microcirculatory parameters remained improved at T2. CONCLUSION: Mechanical circulatory support for severe @entity712 is associated with a consistent, significant, and sustained improvement in tissue perfusion, as measured at the bedside by a 2-dimensional microcirculation imaging technique.

title: Mechanical circulatory support devices improve tissue perfusion in @entity1 with end-stage @entity712 or XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity2478 :: ('MESH:D019559', 'Disease') :: ['PCD', 'Perfused capillary density']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity1455 :: ('MESH:D012770', 'Disease') :: ['cardiogenic shock']

answer: @entity1455 :: (MESH:D012770,Disease) :: ['cardiogenic shock']


abstract: @entity6124 in the upper small intestine is postulated to cause persistent @entity294 . We compared the fecal and upper intestinal flora in 82 @entity1 with persistent @entity294 aged < or = 36 months and weight-for-length < or = 90% of National Center for Health Statistics standards (NCHS) and 39 non-diarrheal @entity1 with age < or = 36 months, nutritionally matched with the @entity1 and residing in the same environment. In the age groups < or = 12 months and > 12 months the duodenal fluid bacterial counts > or = 10(5)/ml were found with similar frequency in @entity1 and controls for aerobic (p = 0.33; p = 0.1) and anaerobic (p = 1.0; p = 1.0) bacteria. However, the duodenal isolation rates of any aerobic bacteria (p < 0.05) without regard to counts and Enterobacteriaceae (p = 0.06) were higher in @entity1 than in controls. Colonization with Enterobacteriaceae was directly correlated with increased stool weight over a 7-day observation period (p < 0.05; p < 0.01). One or more pathogens were isolated in the feces of 58% of the @entity1 and 43.8% of the controls. Enteroadherent @entity526 of the localized [EAEC-L] (p < 0.01) and aggregative [EAggEC] (p = 0.22) phenotypes were isolated more commonly from the feces of @entity1 . The duodenal fluid detection rates for Klebsiella were significantly greater (p < 0.01) in @entity1 , while @entity461 was detected more commonly in the duodenal fluid of controls (p < 0.01). The presence of specific pathogens in the feces did not seem to be related to the extent of small bowel colonization.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Is small bowel bacterial overgrowth of pathogenic significance in persistent XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity461 :: ('5741', 'Species') :: ['Giardia lamblia']

entities_list: @entity6124 :: ('MESH:D001765', 'Disease') :: ['Bacterial overgrowth']

answer: @entity294 :: (MESH:D003967,Disease) :: ['diarrhea']


abstract: PURPOSE: To develop profile of the victims and to study circumstances, causes of @entity204 and autopsy findings. METHODS: Retrospective study of cases of @entity944 in sport activity whose autopsy was performed in forensic department of Tunis, between January 2005 and December 2009. RESULTS: During study period, 32 cases of SD in sport activity were recorded. These are amateur athletes predominantly male (84% of cases). Victims are aged between 15 and 79 years with an average age of about 33.16 years. Young subjects whose age is less than 35 years representing 68.7% of cases. 9.3% of victims had a family history of SD and 18.7% of cases had a known cardiac history. The sports most involved are running (40.6% of cases), football (31.3% of cases) and dance (12.5% of cases). Sixty-nine percent of victims died during sports activities. Presence of witnesses was noted in all cases; however, none of these witnesses has begun resuscitation. Cause of @entity204 was cardiac in 84.4% of cases. In young athletes, @entity1121 is the leading cause (nine cases), followed by @entity4128 (three cases). Among other causes, there is the @entity296 , @entity154 of the coronary arteries, @entity1580 and @entity384 . Beyond 35 years, @entity453 represent the cause of @entity204 (nine cases). Only case of @entity204 secondary to non- @entity299 occurred after a severe @entity565 attack. In four cases (12.5%), no cause of @entity204 was identified after a complete autopsy accompanied by further investigations. The cause of the @entity204 was imputed to a rhythmic pathology. CONCLUSION: This is the first study dealing with autopsy in SD in sport have provided a specific profile of victims. Other studies on larger samples and using standardized autopsy protocols are needed.

title: [ XXXX during sport activity in Tunisia: autopsy study in 32 cases].

entities_list: @entity4128 :: ('MESH:D019571', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['congenital anomalies']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial bridge']

entities_list: @entity944 :: ('MESH:D003645', 'Disease') :: ['sudden death']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['dilated cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity1121 :: ('MESH:D002312', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophic cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac disease']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery diseases']

entities_list: @entity1580 :: ('MESH:C562834', 'Disease') :: ['aortic dissection']

answer: @entity944 :: (MESH:D003645,Disease) :: ['Sudden death']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The prognostic impact of ECG left ventricular strain and @entity4346 ( @entity4346 ) in asymptomatic @entity472 is not well described. METHODS AND RESULTS: Data were obtained in asymptomatic @entity1 randomized to @entity3413 / @entity3709 combination versus placebo in the @entity3413 and Ezetimibe in @entity472 (SEAS) study. Primary end point was the first of @entity583 , @entity64 , @entity712 , @entity886 , or @entity65 . The predictive value of ECG left ventricular strain (defined as T-wave inversion in leads V(4) through V(6)) and @entity4346 , assessed by Sokolow-Lyon voltage criteria (R(V5-6)+S(V1) >= 35 mV) and Cornell voltage-duration criteria {[RaVL+S(V3)+(6 mV in @entity1 )] QRS duration >= 2440 mV    ms}, was evaluated by adjustment for other prognostic covariates. A total of 1533 @entity1 were followed for 4.3  0.8 years (6592 @entity1 -years of follow-up), and 627 cardiovascular events occurred. ECG strain was present in 340 @entity1 (23.6%), with @entity4346 by Sokolow-Lyon voltage in 260 (17.1%) and by Cornell voltage-duration product in 220 (14.6%). In multivariable analyses, ECG left ventricular strain was associated with 3.1-fold higher risk of in-study @entity583 (95% confidence interval, 1.4-6.8; P=0.004). Similarly, ECG @entity4346 by both criteria predicted, compared with no ECG @entity4346 , 5.8-fold higher risk of @entity712 (95% confidence interval, 2.0-16.8), 2.0-fold higher risk of @entity886 (95% confidence interval, 1.3-3.1; both P=0.001), and 2.5-fold higher risk of a combined end point of @entity583 , @entity712 , or @entity65 (95% confidence interval, 1.3-4.9; P=0.008). CONCLUSIONS: ECG left ventricular strain and @entity4346 were independently predictive of poor prognosis in @entity1 with asymptomatic @entity472 . CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00092677.

title: Clinical implications of electrocardiographic left ventricular strain and hypertrophy in asymptomatic @entity1 with @entity472 : the XXXX and Ezetimibe in @entity472 study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['nonhemorrhagic stroke']

entities_list: @entity3413 :: ('MESH:D019821', 'Chemical') :: ['Simvastatin', 'simvastatin']

entities_list: @entity886 :: ('MESH:C563178', 'Disease') :: ['aortic valve replacement']

entities_list: @entity3709 :: ('MESH:C108606', 'Chemical') :: ['ezetimibe']

entities_list: @entity4346 :: ('MESH:D017379', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular hypertrophy', 'LVH']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity472 :: ('MESH:D001024', 'Disease') :: ['Aortic Stenosis', 'aortic stenosis']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular death']

answer: @entity3413 :: (MESH:D019821,Chemical) :: ['Simvastatin']


abstract: This study investigated the use of heparinized and/or citrated whole blood as a perfusate for enhancing muscle tolerance to warm @entity63 . Unilateral cutaneous trunci @entity121 were harvested from @entity35 and stored for 10 hr at 22-24 degrees C prior to transplantation to the groin. One group served as a non-perfused control. In three experimental groups, the flaps were hand-perfused ex vivo with 1.0 ml of heparinized, citrated, or heparinized and citrated autogenous whole blood at physiological pressures. Perfusion was administered over a 10-min period 5 hr into the ischemic period. Flaps were revascularized on the femoral vessels and then harvested 48 hr following revascularization. Tissue injury was assessed by calculation of flap weight change (indicator of tissue @entity4 ), histochemical evaluation of muscle dehydrogenase activity ( @entity2387 assay), and light microscopy. All perfused groups had significantly higher muscle dehydrogenase activity compared with non-perfused controls (P < 0.005). Perfusion with combined heparin-citrated blood was significantly more protective than perfusion with either anticoagulant alone (P < 0.025). The only statistically significant reduction in percent flap @entity4 was seen in the combined heparin- @entity1792 perfusion of flaps compared with nonperfused controls (P < 0.05). Histologic evaluation confirmed a reduction in tissue @entity4 in the perfused flaps. We conclude that mid-ischemic perfusion with heparinized and/or citrated blood limits the deleterious effects of extended warm @entity63 .

title: Brief ex vivo perfusion with heparinized and/or citrated whole blood enhances tolerance of free @entity121 to prolonged XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2387 :: ('MESH:D009580', 'Chemical') :: ['nitroblue tetrazolium']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague-Dawley rats']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['muscle flaps']

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['ischemia']


abstract: PURPOSE: Tubular laminotomy is an effective procedure for treatment of @entity2649 ( @entity2649 ) and lateral recesses stenosis. Most surgeons familiar with the procedure agree that the tubular approach appears to afford a more complete decompression of the contralateral thecal sac and nerve root, as compared to the ipsilateral approach. With this study we sought to answer the question whether this is reflected in clinically significant differences between the ipsilateral and contralateral side @entity158 improvements. METHODS: In a retrospective case study, @entity1 with @entity2649 and lateral recesses stenosis who started out with VAS scores that were similar on the right and left side were included. All @entity1 underwent a tubular (MIS) "over the top" laminotomy from a unilateral approach and through one incision. Surgeries were performed by a single surgeon in a single center. At the last follow-up, the extent of VAS score improvement on the approach (ipsilateral) side was compared to that of the contralateral side. RESULTS: Thirty-three @entity1 were included in. At the latest follow-up of 25.8      3.4  months, there were statistically significant improvements in ODI and back VAS scores (p  =  0.002 and p  <  0.0001, respectively). In addition, buttock VAS scores were significantly improved both on the ipsilateral and the contralateral side (p  <  0.001, and p  =  0.001, respectively). Similarly, leg VAS scores were improved significantly on both sides (p  <  0.001, and p  =  0.001, respectively). There were no statistically significant differences between the extent of @entity158 improvement on the ipsilateral and the contralateral side. CONCLUSIONS: MIS tubular laminotomy through a unilateral approach results in clinically effective bilateral decompression of @entity2649 and lateral recesses, regardless of the approach side.

title: Unilateral tubular approach for bilateral laminotomy: effect on ipsilateral and contralateral buttock and leg XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2649 :: ('MESH:C563613', 'Disease') :: ['lumbar spinal stenosis', 'LSS']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: @entity1 with reduced left ventricular ejection fractions (LVEFs) and previous @entity583 or @entity712 are at increased mortality risk. Implantable cardioverter-defibrillators may mitigate this risk. The aim of this study was to identify @entity1 characteristics at the time of presentation with @entity583 ( @entity583 ) that predict irreversible @entity1002 . From January 2003 to December 2005, @entity1 presenting with STEMIs and an LVEFs after percutaneous coronary intervention <or=0.4 were included (n = 118). Clinical, angiographic, and electrocardiographic characteristics at the time of @entity583 were evaluated to predict LVEF at >or=90 days. Multivariate analysis identified post-percutaneous coronary intervention LVEF <or=0.3 (odds ratio 5.4, 95% confidence interval 2.1 to 14.1, p = 0.001), presentation with Killip class >I (odds ratio 4.4, 95% confidence interval 1.5 to 12.6, p = 0.006), and Q waves on postrevascularization electrocardiography (odds ratio 6.3, 95% confidence interval 1.5 to 26.5, p = 0.011) to be significantly more common in the group with LVEFs <or=0.3 at >or=90 days. The presence of all 3 factors, present in 14 @entity1 (12%), had a positive predictive value of 100% that LVEF would be <or=0.3 at >or=90 days. In conclusion, in @entity1 with STEMIs referred for catheterization, a post-percutaneous coronary intervention LVEF <or=0.3, presentation with Killip class >I, and pathologic Q waves after revascularization each predicted that the LVEF measured at >or=90 days would remain <or=0.3. The presence of all 3 features had a positive predictive value of 100%. These findings may identify a high-risk group of @entity1 who might benefit from early aggressive therapy such as an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator.

title: Predicting irreversible XXXX after @entity583 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['STEMI', 'myocardial infarctions', 'ST elevation myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular dysfunction']

answer: @entity1002 :: (MESH:D018487,Disease) :: ['left ventricular dysfunction']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Self-rated health (SRH) has been reported as a predictor of mortality in previous studies. This study aimed to examine whether SRH is independently associated with @entity101 and if there is a gender difference in this association. METHODS: 16,956 community dwelling adults aged 20 and over within a defined geographic area participated in this study. Data on SRH, socio-demographic factors (age, gender, marital status, education) and health behaviors (smoking status, @entity167 consumption, physical activity) were collected. Body mass index and blood pressure were measured. @entity2357 models were used to determine a relationship between SRH and @entity101 . RESULTS: 32.5% of the @entity1 were found to have @entity101 . @entity1 were more likely than @entity1 to rate their SRH as poor (p < 0.001), and the older age groups rated their SRH more negatively in both @entity1 and @entity1 (p < 0.001). While the multivariate-adjusted odds ratio (OR, 95% CI) of @entity1 rating their SRH as very poor for @entity101 in @entity1 was OR 1.70 (1.13-2.58), that in @entity1 was OR 2.83 (1.80-4.44). Interaction between SRH and gender was significant (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: SRH was independently associated with @entity101 in a Korean adult population. This association was modified by gender.

title: Gender differences in the association between self-rated health and XXXX in a Korean adult population.

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'Women', 'men']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity2357 :: ('MESH:C537770', 'Disease') :: ['Logistic regression']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertension']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Novel agents ( @entity144 ) such as @entity2816 and @entity1749 have been administered in combination with autologous stem-cell transplantation (ASCT) to effectively treat @entity1582 ( @entity1582 ). However, whether @entity144 perform better as induction treatments prior to transplantation, or as post-transplant maintenance therapies remains unclear. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 106 consecutive @entity1 with @entity1582 who underwent ASCT within 1 year of diagnosis as first-line therapy. RESULTS: Eighty-seven (82.1%) @entity1 received @entity144 before ASCT, whereas 68 (64.2%) received @entity144 after ASCT. @entity144 were administered to each @entity1 as follows: before ASCT alone (N=29, 27.4%), after ASCT alone (N=10, 9.4%) or both before and after ASCT (N=58, 54.7%). High-quality rates before and after ASCT were significantly higher for @entity1 who received @entity144 as induction treatment compared to those who did not receive pre-transplant @entity144 . At a median follow-up of 37.9 months, the 3-year progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) rates were 42.8% and 70.2%, respectively. The PFS and OS were significantly higher in @entity1 with @entity144 as post-transplant maintenance treatment (P=0.03 and P=0.04, respectively), but not in those with @entity144 as pre-transplant induction treatment. The PFS of @entity1 with @entity144 before and after ASCT was higher than that of the @entity1 with @entity144 as induction therapy alone (P=0.05). Age, serum @entity6393 level, complete response after ASCT, and NA use post-ASCT independently predicted survival outcomes. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that integration of @entity144 post-ASCT could benefit @entity1 with @entity1582 undergoing ASCT. Induction therapy using @entity144 also improves high-quality response rates before and after ASCT.

title: The impact of novel therapeutic agents before and after frontline autologous stem cell transplantation in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2816 :: ('MESH:D013792', 'Chemical') :: ['thalidomide']

entities_list: @entity1582 :: ('MESH:D009101', 'Disease') :: ['multiple myeloma', 'MM']

entities_list: @entity1749 :: ('MESH:C400082', 'Chemical') :: ['bortezomib']

answer: @entity1582 :: (MESH:D009101,Disease) :: ['multiple myeloma']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The correlation between @entity323 ( @entity323 ) and @entity453 has been emphasized and @entity323 has been recognized as a potential independent risk factor and/or predictor of @entity453 ( @entity453 ). We evaluated the association between the number of occluded coronary arteries in @entity583 ( @entity583 ) @entity1 with the severity of @entity323 , and investigated the influence of related risk factors in our study group. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 183 male @entity1 who underwent coronary angiography because of @entity583 from November 2009 to May 2011 were included. Following the stabilization of @entity1 after the treatment, each @entity1 was evaluated for erectile functionality. Risk factors such as age, @entity6 , smoking, waist circumference, @entity101 , and hematologic parameters were recorded. RESULTS: Among 183 @entity1 with a mean age of 55.2 years who underwent coronary angiography due to @entity583 , 100 (54.64 %) had @entity323 , while the @entity323 rate was 45.36 % (44/97) in cases of @entity66 , 64.5 % (31/48) in cases of two-vessel disease, and 65.7 % (25/38) in cases of @entity66 . The mean IIEF score was 24.2    4.3, 20.4    4.9 and 20.5    4.2 for single or two or @entity66 , respectively. The presence of @entity101 aggravated @entity323 only in @entity1 with @entity66 and increased total and LDL @entity165 levels in @entity1 with @entity16136 were accompanied by significantly decreasing IIEF scores. CONCLUSION: The severity of @entity323 correlated with the number of occluded vessels documented by coronary angiography, in male @entity1 with @entity583 . In addition, the presence of @entity101 had a significant influence over erectile function only in @entity1 with three-vessel occlusion.

title: Is there a relationship between severity of @entity453 and severity of XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity16136 :: ('MESH:D058529', 'Disease') :: ['single-vessel or two-vessel disease']

entities_list: @entity323 :: ('MESH:D007172', 'Disease') :: ['erectile dysfunction', 'ED']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['acute MI', 'myocardial infarction', 'MI', 'acute myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['single-vessel disease', 'three-vessel disease']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['CAD', 'coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity323 :: (MESH:D007172,Disease) :: ['erectile dysfunction']


abstract: @entity356 with chief cell differentiation (GA-CCD) has been reported as a new, rare variant of @entity356 . Only 12 cases in Japanese @entity1 have been described to date, but they demonstrate distinct clinicopathologic features. To further characterize these lesions, we have collected 10 additional cases. @entity1 ranged in age from 44 to 79 years (mean, 64.2 y) with a relatively equal sex distribution (6 @entity1 and 4 @entity1 ). Stratified by race, 4 @entity1 were Hispanic, 2 were White, 2 were African American, 1 was Asian (Chinese), and the race was unknown for 1 @entity1 . All @entity1 presented with gastroesophageal reflux that prompted an endoscopic examination. The majority of GA-CCDs were identified in the fundus (7 of 10, 70%) and the remaining in the @entity418 (n=3). Grossly, they were solitary and polypoid, ranging in size from 0.2 to 0.8 cm (mean, 0.4 cm). Histologically, all cases were centered in the deep mucosa, with focal involvement of surface foveolar epithelium in 3 (30%) cases but not the submucosa. The @entity5 consisted of clustered glands and irregular branching cords of oxyntic epithelium. Thin wisps of radiating smooth muscle separated the epithelium, but desmoplasia was distinctly absent in all cases. The oxyntic mucosa was 1 to 2 cells thick and composed of a mixture of mucous neck, parietal, and chief cells. In 7 of 10 (70%) cases, chief cells were the predominant cell type, whereas the remaining 3 cases consisted primarily of mucous neck cells. The nuclei were mildly enlarged with slight nuclear pleomorphism, but no mitotic figures were identified. In addition, @entity39 , @entity3 , and perineural invasion were absent. Immunohistochemically, GA-CCDs were diffusely positive for @entity21826 (10 of 10, 100%) and negative for @entity5089 (0%) and @entity5091 (0%). Ki-67 immunolabeling demonstrated variable expression, with the highest areas ranging from 0.2% to 10%. Clinical follow-up was available for 9 of 10 (90%) @entity1 and ranged from 6 to 39 months. One @entity1 had persistence of lesion at 6 months because of incomplete removal, whereas the other 8 were disease free. In summary, GA-CCDs are solitary, mucosal lesions of the @entity356 /fundus that arise in @entity1 from multiple ethnic backgrounds. Considering that @entity1 within this study and those reported previously have had neither true recurrence nor progression of disease, these lesions are best regarded as benign. Consequently, the term GA-CCD is contradictory and we prefer the descriptive term "oxyntic gland polyp/ @entity652 " until further studies can clarify the pathogenesis of these lesions and their natural history.

title: XXXX with chief cell differentiation: a proposal for reclassification as oxyntic gland polyp/ @entity652 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['lymphovascular invasion']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['Gastric adenocarcinoma', 'gastric adenocarcinoma', 'gastric cardia']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['Gastric adenocarcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1756 of < 2 mm are not amenable to endovascular coiling and therefore pose a significant treatment challenge. OBJECTIVE: To test recently introduced flow diverters that allow endovascular reconstruction via another method and may represent a new treatment option for such lesions. @entity1 AND METHODS: Three female @entity1 presented with acute @entity510 . An @entity439 of < 2 mm was identified in all @entity1 as the cause of @entity548 . The @entity439 were located at the C2 segment of the internal carotid in 2 @entity1 and on the basilar bifurcation in the other. All @entity1 had failed early endovascular treatment attempts. Flow diversion with the SILK flow diverter was offered as an alternative in each @entity1 . RESULTS: SILK deployment successfully eliminated the @entity439 in all 3 instances. One of the @entity439 was excluded from contrast material visualization immediately after stent deployment. Transient @entity715 complication was observed in the case of the basilar artery @entity439 . It resolved with the administration of intraarterial tirofiban. There was no treatment-related morbidity, and none of the @entity439 reruptured after SILK implantation during a clinical follow-up of at least 4 months (range, 4-10 months). Imaging follow-up showed complete vessel remodeling in all cases. CONCLUSION: Flow diversion treatment prevented rebleeding during the follow-up period. Reverse remodeling of the concerned vascular segment with delayed disappearance of the @entity439 was observed in each case.

title: Effect of flow diversion treatment on very small XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['subarachnoid hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms', 'aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombotic']

entities_list: @entity1756 :: ('MESH:D017542', 'Disease') :: ['Ruptured aneurysms']

answer: @entity1756 :: (MESH:D017542,Disease) :: ['ruptured aneurysms']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity1148 has been implicated as a negative prognostic marker for @entity43 ( @entity43 ). We assessed whether @entity1148 is an independent risk factor for @entity43 recurrence and @entity204 . METHODS: Perioperative @entity1 characteristics and process-of-care variables (National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP)-defined) were retrospectively abstracted from 587 @entity1 who underwent @entity43 staging between 1/2/03-12/29/08. @entity1148 was defined as platelet count > 450   10(9)/L. Disease-free survival (DFS) and @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) were determined using Kaplan-Meier methods. Associations were evaluated with Cox proportional hazards regression and hazard ratios (HR). RESULTS: The incidence of preoperative @entity1148 was 22.3%. DFS was 70.8% and 36.0% at 1 and 3 years. @entity1349 was 83.3% and 54.3% at 1 and 3 years. Ascites, lower hemoglobin, advanced disease, and receipt of perioperative packed red blood cell transfusion were independently associated with @entity1148 . Older age and the presence of @entity453 were associated with lower likelihood of @entity1148 . Overall, @entity1148 was an independent predictor of increased risk of recurrence. Among early stage (I/II) cases, there was a 5-fold increase in the risk of @entity204 and nearly 8-fold risk of disease recurrence independently associated with @entity1148 . CONCLUSION: @entity1148 portends worse DFS in @entity43 . In early stage disease, @entity1148 is a potent predictor of worse DFS and @entity1349 and further assessment of the impact of circulating platelet-derived factors on @entity43 survival is warranted. @entity1148 is also associated with extensive @entity66 , measurable residual disease, and postoperative sequelae. Preoperative platelet levels may have value in primary cytoreduction counseling.

title: Evaluating the prognostic significance of preoperative XXXX .

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['EOC', 'epithelial ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1148 :: ('MESH:D013922', 'Disease') :: ['Thrombocytosis', 'thrombocytosis', 'Preoperative thrombocytosis']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['initial disease burden']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['thrombocytosis in epithelial ovarian cancer']


abstract: Left ventricular assist devices (LVAD) are widely used as bridges to cardiac transplantation or for destination therapy. LVAD support may also function as a bridge to ventricular recovery, but a sufficient rate of recovery has not been obtained, even with various adjuvant therapies. @entity299 ( @entity299 ) is an effective treatment for @entity712 , and there is a report of successful weaning off LVAD with @entity299 . However, some @entity1 with @entity299 could not improve their cardiac function because of @entity41 . Herein, we describe a case of a successful bridge to recovery with triple-site pacing for @entity41 after biventricular pacing. A 34-year-old @entity1 with @entity712 due to dilated @entity296 whose @entity558 deteriorated underwent Toyobo LVAD implantation, resulting in improvement of the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) from 12 to 36%. Because of @entity1002 , we performed @entity299 , but @entity41 impeded cardiac recovery. We inserted an additional ventricular lead at the right ventricular outlet to achieve triple-site pacing in order to obtain complete synchronization. The LVEF improved to 45%, and the @entity1 was successfully weaned off the LVAD. In LVAD-supported cases of persistent @entity1002 with @entity299 , implantation of triple-site pacing could potentially accelerate recovery.

title: Triple-site pacing: a new supported therapy approach for bridge to recovery with a left ventricular assist system in a XXXX with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity558 :: ('MESH:C536528', 'Disease') :: ['condition']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity41 :: ('MESH:D018365', 'Disease') :: ['residual dyssynchrony']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['CRT', 'Cardiac resynchronization therapy']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular dyssynchrony']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: @entity463 is the most aggressive type of malignant @entity1 @entity1313 . Molecular profiling experiments have revealed that these @entity5 are extremely heterogeneous. This heterogeneity is one of the principal challenges for developing targeted therapies. We hypothesize that despite the diverse molecular profiles, it might still be possible to identify common signaling changes that could be targeted in some or all @entity5 . Using a network modeling approach, we reconstruct the altered signaling pathways from @entity5 -specific phosphoproteomic data and known protein-protein interactions. We then develop a network-based strategy for identifying @entity5 specific proteins and pathways that were predicted by the models but not directly observed in the experiments. Among these hidden targets, we show that the @entity12363 ( @entity12363 ) displays increased phosphorylation in all @entity5 . By contrast, protein @entity21129 homolog ( @entity21129 ) is present only in the subset of the @entity5 that are the most invasive. Additionally, increased @entity12848 is associated with only one of the @entity5 . Overall, our results demonstrate that despite the heterogeneity of the proteomic data, network models can identify common or @entity5 specific pathway-level changes. These results represent an important proof of principle that can improve the target selection process for @entity5 specific treatments.

title: Network Modeling Identifies @entity1 -specific Pathways in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['brain tumor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity463 :: ('MESH:D005909', 'Disease') :: ['Glioblastoma']

entities_list: @entity12363 :: ('5604', 'Gene') :: ['ERK activator kinase1', 'MEK1']

answer: @entity463 :: (MESH:D005909,Disease) :: ['Glioblastoma']


abstract: The @entity137 of low-dose total body irradiation (LTBI), the prognostic factors related to survival and relapse-free survival, and the efficacy of treatment given for relapse after LTBI were analyzed in 68 @entity1 with @entity1893 ( @entity1893 ) treated at the Rotterdamsch Radiotherapeutisch Instituut. All @entity1 received LTBI between 1973 and 1979. The @entity1 material was heterogeneous with respect to @entity5 grade, stage, age, and therapy given before or after LTBI; the unifying principle was that all @entity1 received LTBI and had symptomatic @entity1893 . Analysis of prognostic variables with Cox's model revealed grade (p less than 0.001) and age (p = 0.004) as predictors for survival and grade (p less than 0.001) and dose of LTBI (p = 0.056) as predictors for relapse-free survival after LTBI. No subjective @entity137 was observed during or after LTBI treatment. @entity1503 was dose-limiting and was increased if @entity1 had received cytotoxic treatment before LTBI. LTBI-related hematologic @entity137 was lower in @entity1 with low-grade @entity1893 than in those with intermediate or high-grade @entity1893 , was limited in time, and recovered in all @entity1 . @entity1 relapsing after LTBI received a variety of therapies. Response rates were high, but of short duration, especially in intermediate or high-grade @entity1893 . Duration of response was progressively shorter after multiple relapses.

title: Low-dose total body irradiation in @entity1893 : short- and long-term XXXX and prognostic factor.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['Hematologic toxicity']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ['NHL', 'non-Hodgkin lymphoma']

answer: @entity137 :: (MESH:D064420,Disease) :: ['toxicity']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Personalized treatment of @entity2 requires an accurate subclassification of @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) into @entity420 ( @entity420 ), @entity957 ( @entity957 ) and other subtypes. In poorly differentiated @entity5 especially on small fine needle aspirate (FNA) specimens the subclassification could be difficult in certain cases. Our previous study using resected @entity5 tissue has shown that the combination of commonly used individual markers ( @entity10922 , @entity4666 and @entity35372 ) into a novel triple marker has high sensitivity and specificity in subclassification of @entity1149 , and also the advantage of using minimal @entity5 tissue. In this study, we further evaluated the utility of this novel triple marker using FNA cases. We included primary @entity1149 , consisting of 37 SqCCs (primary=35 and metastasis=2) and 50 ADCs (primary=29 and metastasis=21), 12 metastatic ADCs of non-pulmonary primary, and 10 @entity151 ( @entity151 ). The IHC patterns were semi-quantitatively scored. In lung SqCCs and ADCs, the sensitivity and specificity of the triple marker were 100% and 97.1%, and 86.0% and 100%, respectively. The triple marker showed no immunoreactivity in 12 metastatic non-pulmonary ADCs. In 10 @entity151 , @entity10922 had focal positivity in 40% cases. The limitations of the triple marker include staining of alveolar macrophages (by @entity10922 and @entity35372 ), basal layer of bronchial epithelial cells (by @entity4666 ), and non-specific cytoplasmic staining of @entity10922 . Our study not only supports our previous finding using resected @entity5 specimens, but also provides evidence that the triple marker can be used for cytological material, and preserving @entity5 tissue for molecular testing.

title: Utility of a Novel Triple Marker (Combination of @entity10922 , XXXX and @entity4666 ) in the Subclassification of @entity1149 using Fine Needle Aspiration Cases.

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma', 'SqCC']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity151 :: ('MESH:D055752', 'Disease') :: ['small cell lung carcinomas', 'SCLCs']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['ADC', 'adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity35372 :: (9476,Gene) :: ['Napsin-A']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity263 might have high radiation-fraction sensitivity, implying a therapeutic advantage of hypofractionated treatment. We present a pre-planned preliminary safety analysis of side-effects in stages 1 and 2 of a randomised trial comparing standard and hypofractionated radiotherapy. METHODS: We did a multicentre, randomised study and recruited @entity1 with @entity263 between Oct 18, 2002, and Aug 12, 2006, at 11 UK centres. @entity1 were randomly assigned in a 1:1:1 ratio to receive conventional or hypofractionated high-dose intensity-modulated radiotherapy, and all were given with 3-6 months of neoadjuvant @entity342 suppression. Computer-generated random permuted blocks were used, with risk of seminal vesicle involvement and radiotherapy-treatment centre as stratification factors. The conventional schedule was 37 fractions of 2 Gy to a total of 74 Gy. The two hypofractionated schedules involved 3 Gy treatments given in either 20 fractions to a total of 60 Gy, or 19 fractions to a total of 57 Gy. The primary endpoint was proportion of @entity1 with grade 2 or worse @entity137 at 2 years on the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) scale. The primary analysis included all @entity1 who had received at least one fraction of radiotherapy and completed a 2 year assessment. Treatment allocation was not masked and clinicians were not blinded. Stage 3 of this trial completed the planned recruitment in June, 2011. This study is registered, number ISRCTN97182923. FINDINGS: 153 @entity1 recruited to stages 1 and 2 were randomly assigned to receive conventional treatment of 74 Gy, 153 to receive 60 Gy, and 151 to receive 57 Gy. With 50  5 months median follow-up (IQR 43  5-61  3), six (4  3%; 95% CI 1  6-9  2) of 138 @entity1 in the 74 Gy group had bowel @entity137 of grade 2 or worse on the RTOG scale at 2 years, as did five (3  6%; 1  2-8  3) of 137 @entity1 in the 60 Gy group, and two (1  4%; 0  2-5  0) of 143 @entity1 in the 57 Gy group. For @entity1494 , three (2  2%; 0  5-6  2) of 138 @entity1 , three (2  2%; 0  5-6  3) of 137, and none (0  0%; 97  5% CI 0  0-2  6) of 143 had scores of grade 2 or worse on the RTOG scale at 2 years. INTERPRETATION: Hypofractionated high-dose radiotherapy seems equally well tolerated as conventionally fractionated treatment at 2 years. FUNDING: Stage 1 was funded by the Academic Radiotherapy Unit, Cancer Research UK programme grant; stage 2 was funded by the Department of Health and Cancer Research UK.

title: Conventional versus hypofractionated high-dose intensity-modulated radiotherapy for XXXX : preliminary safety results from the CHHiP randomised controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['localised prostate cancer', 'Prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bladder toxicities']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate cancer']


abstract: Long term in vitro cultures of six @entity1 @entity11 were established to obtain permanent lines and to assess, under conditions of prolonged culture, changes in morphology and phenotype of neoplastic cells and the extent of these modifications. We analyzed expression of the following markers by immunocytochemistry: glioma-specific antigens (GE2 and CG12), fibronectin, intermediate filaments ( @entity538 , @entity2277 , neurofilaments), class I and II histocompatibility antigens (HLA-ABC and HLA-DR), growth factor and receptor (alpha TGF and @entity470 ), proliferation-associated antigen (Ki-67). Strong and stable staining with the two antiglioma monoclonal antibodies (GE2 and CG12) was seen, with coexpression of @entity538 and fibronectin in five of six cell lines (after 20 passages) and presence of @entity2277 and neurofilaments. HLA-DR expression was heterogeneous, with a peculiar intracellular compartmentation in four of six cell lines. Cells showed clear cytoplasmic positivity for alpha TGF and strong membrane staining for @entity470 . In previous studies we showed that these cell lines have increased copies of chromosome 7; therefore we speculate that an autocrine pathway of stimulation may maintain the @entity5 . The percentage of Ki-67 positive proliferating cells ranged from 40 to greater than 60%, depending on cell line and passage. A slight decrease in the positivity of some markers ( @entity538 , @entity2277 and HLA-DR in 2/6 cell lines) was observed after prolonged in vitro culture (greater than 12 months), but morphophenotypic modifications, established within a few passages after explanation, were maintained with time. A clonogenic assay showed values of plating efficiency (PE) higher than corresponding values of other similar cell lines with a tendency to increase in the late passages. PE and Ki-67 positivity were not associated with tumorigenicity into @entity19 (except the Hu 197 cell line). These results indicate that, in culture, all six cell lines acquired stable morphology, a well defined antigenic phenotype and high growth rate. Further studies will be performed on these permanent cell lines to clarify differentiation steps of @entity11 .

title: Morphological heterogeneity and phenotype modifications during long term in vitro cultures of six new XXXX glioblastoma cell lines.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplastic growth']

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['malignant gliomas']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: We treated 47 adult @entity1 with de novo @entity2590 ( @entity2590 ) by an @entity4349 -AraC regimen. Median age was 54, and M/F 1.3. At diagnosis, 26 @entity1 had @entity417 ( @entity417 ) three had @entity417 ( @entity417 ), 11 had @entity417 with excessive blasts (RAEB) and seven had @entity6130 ( @entity6130 ). Treatment was started within 3 months of diagnosis in 30 @entity1 , and after more than 3 months in the 17 remaining @entity1 . At the onset of treatment, 16 @entity1 had progressed to @entity3052 ( @entity3052 ). Twenty-two @entity1 (47%) reached complete remission (CR), 10 (21%) had @entity204 and 15 (32%) had resistant disease. Median actuarial disease-free interval was 11 months. Median actuarial survival was 14 months from diagnosis and 10 months from the onset of treatment. A significantly higher CR rate was found in @entity1 with @entity417 at diagnosis (69% v 19% in @entity1 with other FAB subtypes: P = 0.008), and in @entity1 treated within 3 months of diagnosis. Using multivariate analysis, @entity417 at diagnosis emerged as the most powerful prognostic factor of CR achievement. Karyotype was the only significant prognostic factor of disease-free interval, with a median of 16.5 months in @entity1 with normal karyotype versus 4 months in @entity1 with normal findings (P = 0.018). A subgroup of 15 @entity1 with @entity417 at diagnosis and normal karyotype, who had a CR rate of 80% and a median actuarial disease-free interval of 18 months, could be identified. Our results confirm that, overall, intensive chemotherapy has limited efficacy in @entity2590 , especially when compared with allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT). Relatively favourable results were obtained in our @entity1 with @entity417 at diagnosis, however, particularly those with normal karyotype. In that subgroup, intensive chemotherapy may be recommended, especially before BMT, as a high risk of relapse after BMT in @entity1 with @entity417 allografted as first line therapy has been reported.

title: Prognostic factors in adult de novo XXXX treated by intensive chemotherapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity417 :: ('MESH:D000740', 'Disease') :: ['refractory anaemia', 'refractory anaemia with an excess of blasts in transformation', 'RAEB-T', 'RA']

entities_list: @entity4349 :: ('CHEBI:48120', 'Chemical') :: ['anthracycline']

entities_list: @entity6130 :: ('MESH:D015477', 'Disease') :: ['CMML', 'chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia']

entities_list: @entity2590 :: ('MESH:D009190', 'Disease') :: ['myelodysplastic syndrome', 'MDS']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute myeloid leukaemia', 'AML']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['hypoplastic death']

answer: @entity2590 :: (MESH:D009190,Disease) :: ['myelodysplastic syndromes']


abstract: Consciousness is an essential property of @entity1 cognition. According to the "Global neuronal workspace" hypothesis designed by Dehaene et al., @entity1662 results from amplification and synchronisation of distant processors. Frontoparietal loops play a crucial role in this large scale synchronisation. At any given time, many modular cerebral networks are active in parallel and process information unconsciously. An information becomes conscious, however, if the neural population that represents it is mobilized by top-down attentional amplification into a brain-scale state of coherent activity. This long-distance connectivity makes the information available to a variety of processes including perceptual categorization, long-term memorization, evaluation, and intentional action. Behavioral as well as neuroimaging studies using masked subliminal perception support this theoretical view. Among @entity146 , many neuroscientific studies have been devoted to @entity161 . Some of them conclude on a global brain disconnectivity rather than on specific and localised perturbations. Hence conscious integration may be the core @entity73 observed in @entity161 . As shown in recent results, threshold for access to @entity1662 in @entity161 @entity1 compared with controls is elevated whereas unconscious processes, such as the ones involved in subliminal priming remain effective. We conclude on the potential use of the "global neuronal workspace" model in other @entity146 such as @entity195 or @entity15 .

title: [A scientific model of XXXX : implications for neuropsychiatic diseases].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['neuropsychiatric disorders', 'neuropsychiatric diseases']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['deficit in cognitive disabilities']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia', 'schizophrenic']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["Alzheimer's disease"]

entities_list: @entity1662 :: ('MESH:D003244', 'Disease') :: ['consciousness']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['multiple sclerosis']

answer: @entity1662 :: (MESH:D003244,Disease) :: ['consciousness']


abstract: The timing of Pavlik harness removal in @entity1 with @entity572 is typically determined by clinical examination. Ultrasound is considered more sensitive than clinical examination in diagnosis of instability of the hip, but it is not routinely used in cases of @entity572 , especially when determining the timing of Pavlik harness removal. The purpose of this study is to investigate if ultrasound examination is more effective than clinical examination alone in determining completion of Pavlik harness treatment. Fifty consecutive @entity1 with @entity572 were given both a clinical examination and dynamic ultrasound examination to determine if Pavlik harness treatment could be discontinued. A pediatric orthopedist conducted the physical examinations. Both a radiologist and a pediatric orthopedist interpreted the ultrasounds. Cost estimates for ultrasound and operative procedures were obtained at our institution and compared. The average age at the time of Pavlik harness placement was 5.3 days, and the average age at the time of ultrasound was 54.3 days. There were 35 females and 15 males and 31 left hips, 4 right hips, and 15 bilateral hips. All 50 @entity1 hips were deemed clinically stable prior to obtaining an ultrasound. The ultrasound interpretations by a radiologist and pediatric orthopedist were in agreement in all cases. In one case, the ultrasound results did not correlate with results of the clinical examination. In that one case, the hip was clinically stable, but dynamic ultrasound revealed that the hip was located, but dislocatable. The Pavlik harness was reapplied to the @entity1 for an additional 42 days. At 1-year follow-up the hip is stable and developing normally as determined by radiographs. The cost comparison revealed that the cost of 50 ultrasounds is less than the cost of a single operative procedure. The use of ultrasound to determine the timing of Pavlik harness cessation is justified from both a financial and a @entity1 outcome perspective in this small study. Larger studies are needed before ultrasound examination used to help determine Pavlik cessation is considered standard of care.

title: The use of ultrasound to determine timing of Pavlik harness discontinuation in treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'infants', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity572 :: ('MESH:D006617', 'Disease') :: ['developmental dysplasia of the hip']

answer: @entity572 :: (MESH:D006617,Disease) :: ['developmental dysplasia of the hip']


abstract: We reviewed the anesthetic management of 55 @entity1 under 18 years of age during angioembolization of @entity2758 . @entity1 were grouped according to age: less than 1 month (A), 1-11 months (B), 1-5 years (C) and 7-13 years (D). All had general endotracheal anesthesia. In groups A and B, approximately 43% received pure narcotic and 43% balanced while only 14% had pure inhalational anesthesia. In groups C and D, 41 and 52% received pure inhalation and balanced anesthesia, respectively, while only 7% had pure narcotics. @entity551 was induced in 50% (C and D) and in 20% (A and B) of the @entity1 . Intraoperative lasix or phlebotomy was used in 28, 16, 13 and 0% of groups A, B, C and D, respectively. Two arrests occurred immediately after the injection of the embolizing material. From our review, no single type of anesthesia can be advocated over all others. The use of invasive monitoring (arterial and central venous lines), precise fluid management and the avoidance of @entity3810 will help to decrease the incidence of @entity3816 during anesthesia.

title: Anesthesia for angioembolization of XXXX : a retrospective assessment.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2758 :: ('MESH:D001165', 'Disease') :: ['arteriovenous malformations']

entities_list: @entity3810 :: ('MESH:D009609', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrous oxide']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['Hypotension']

entities_list: @entity3816 :: ('MESH:D007431', 'Disease') :: ['intraoperative complications']

answer: @entity2758 :: (MESH:D001165,Disease) :: ['brain arteriovenous malformations']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Immunoglobulin replacement therapy (IRT) has an important role in minimizing infections and improving the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in @entity1 with @entity465 , who would otherwise experience recurrent infections. These plasma-derived products are available as intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) or @entity2015 ( @entity2015 ). The global demand for these products is growing rapidly and has placed pressure on supply. Some @entity5 and their treatment (as well as other medical therapies) can lead to @entity7893 or @entity465 ( @entity465 ) requiring IRT. Although IVIg use in this cohort has well-established therapeutic benefits, little is known about @entity2015 use. A literature search in July 2015 found only 7 published articles on @entity2015 use. These articles found that both IRT modes had equivalent efficacy in regard to reduction of @entity2348 . In addition, @entity2015 was reported to produce higher serum IgG trough levels compared with IVIg on equivalent dosage with the added benefit of fewer adverse effects. @entity1 HRQoL reports demonstrate preference for @entity2015 because of reduced adverse effects and hospital visits. There are no health economic models published on @entity2015 use in @entity465 , but models on @entity1200 and IRT conclude that @entity2015 provided greater economic benefits than IVIg. The findings of this small number of reports suggest that @entity2015 therapy for @entity1 with @entity465 is likely to be beneficial for both the @entity1 and health care providers. To substantiate wider use of @entity2015 in @entity465 , larger and more detailed studies are needed to accurately quantify the effectiveness of @entity2015 .

title: Subcutaneous Immunoglobulin Therapy for XXXX Secondary to Malignancy or Related Drug Therapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancies']

entities_list: @entity2348 :: ('MESH:D001424', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial infections']

entities_list: @entity465 :: ('MESH:D007153', 'Disease') :: ['secondary immunodeficiency', 'immunodeficiency', 'SID']

entities_list: @entity1200 :: ('MESH:D007154', 'Disease') :: ['primary immunodeficiency disease']

entities_list: @entity7893 :: ('MESH:D000361', 'Disease') :: ['secondary hypogammaglobulinemia']

entities_list: @entity2015 :: ('MESH:D004406', 'Disease') :: ['subcutaneous immunoglobulin', 'SCIg']

answer: @entity7893 :: (MESH:D000361,Disease) :: ['Hypogammaglobulinemia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Endoscopic treatment of @entity28 might be an alternative to surgical treatment or, preoperatively, serve as an auxiliary therapy to surgery in @entity1 at increased surgical risk. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate 6-month safety and efficacy of the Trans-Oral Endoscopic Restrictive Implant System (TERIS) as weight-loss device. SETTING: University hospital. METHODS: @entity1 18-50 years with a body mass index (BMI) of 40-50 kg/m(2) or 35-40 kg/m(2) with @entity28 -related co-morbidities were eligible. Included @entity1 underwent an endoscopic creation of a gastric pouch through attachment of a @entity1346 restrictive implant to 5 @entity418 plications. Main outcome measurements were safety, expressed as serious adverse events and adverse events, and efficacy, expressed as percentage of @entity353 ( @entity353 ), @entity353 ( @entity353 ), and excess BMI loss (EBMIL). RESULTS: Eighteen @entity1 (3 males) with BMI of 42.1 kg/m(2) (interquartile range 40.3-46.9) were included. Three serious adverse events occurred (2 pneumoperitoneum, 1 perforation). Adverse events subsided spontaneously or with medication. In 62.5% of @entity1 , the anchors remained intact for 6 months. Presented as mean (  standard deviation), @entity353 after 6 months was 30.1% (  9.8), @entity353 was 15.1% (  5.3), and excess BMI loss was 37.7% (  12.4). In those who continued the study beyond the first 6 months, weight losses could only partially be maintained due to the detachment of anchors and the unimpeded passage of food. CONCLUSIONS: Three serious adverse events occurred in the first 7 @entity1 . TERIS tolerability results improved after major changes in the system and the operating procedure. TERIS proved to be an effective 6-month treatment of @entity28 . As yet, because of the poor durability of the system, it cannot be recommended as a standalone endoscopic bariatric therapy. Therefore, the company decided to discontinue the TERIS system and to further develop the successful parts of it, such as the articulating circular endoscopic stapler.

title: Trans-oral Endoscopic Restrictive Implant System: endoscopic treatment of XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss', 'EWL', 'WL', 'excess weight loss']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity1346 :: ('MESH:D012828', 'Chemical') :: ['silicone']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obesity']


abstract: Previous studies have reported activation of inflammatory cytokines in @entity410 , but clinical characteristics of @entity302 associated with cytokine activation have not been well established. In this study, serum levels of @entity650 ( @entity650 ) and @entity1193 ( @entity1193 ) were measured, and clinical characteristics of @entity302 were assessed in 86 well-evaluated @entity1 with @entity1625 and in 5 @entity1 with controlled focal @entity302 . @entity302 was evaluated based on @entity1 histories, electroclinical findings, and high-resolution brain MRI scans. Sixty-three healthy blood donors served as controls. @entity650 concentrations were chronically increased in @entity302 @entity1 (11%) compared with healthy controls (0%) (P = 0.007). Increased levels of @entity650 were more prevalent in @entity1 with @entity1315 ( @entity1315 ) compared to @entity1 with extra- @entity1315 (P = 0.028). Also the mean and the median serum levels of @entity650 were higher in @entity1 with @entity1315 than in @entity1 with extra- @entity1315 (P = 0.042). Concentrations of @entity1193 were not significantly different in @entity1 compared with controls. Indicated by increased levels of @entity650 in @entity1315 , @entity302 type is important in determining chronic overproduction of cytokines in @entity1625 . The results may reflect a chronic immunological process in the brain in @entity1 with @entity302 .

title: XXXX levels are increased in @entity1315 but not in extra- @entity1315 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures']

entities_list: @entity1625 :: ('MESH:D004828', 'Disease') :: ['refractory focal epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity1193 :: ('3557', 'Gene') :: ['IL-1RA', 'interleukin-1 receptor antagonist']

entities_list: @entity1315 :: ('MESH:D004833', 'Disease') :: ['TLE', 'temporal lobe epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['refractory epilepsy', 'epilepsy', 'Epilepsy']

answer: @entity650 :: (3569,Gene) :: ['Interleukin-6']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In the @entity5 , with recent technologic advances, self-expanding metal stents (SEMS) are at the forefront of the armamentarium for re-establishing luminal patency. Weighed against the numerous advantages of stents are the import conditions and the cost. In light of this, we tested new low cost prostheses having the basic needs and characteristics to aim a significant benefit to poor @entity1 having advanced @entity418 , in a Brazilian regional public hospital. METHODS: This initial experience included fifteen @entity1 (eleven @entity1 and four @entity1 , 55    6.17 years old), presenting @entity418 , located at the medium third of the thoracic esophagus, extending for 5.5-8 cm long, not suitable for surgical procedure because they had been staged on fourth grade of the disease, two of them having @entity292 communicating esophagus to respiratory tree. The stents were placed under endoscopic and fluoroscopic guidance, after attempting an esophageal dilatation. An appropriate covered stent was then deployed, twelve of 10 cm and three of 13 cm in length. A chest X-ray was done 2 h after the procedure and a barium swallow was performed within 12 hours. Seven days and monthly until complete a six month follow-up after the procedure the @entity1 were questioned about presence of @entity158 , regurgitation, heartburn, cough, and their alimentary behavior. RESULTS: There were no severe complications and transient mild @entity662 resolved until the seventh day after the stent deployment. Chest X-ray demonstrated expansion of the stent in all @entity1 . In 2 cases of @entity292 , a barium swallow showed its complete sealing. The completion of the proposed follow-up was not achieved in three cases, limited by the @entity1 's death until the third month, due to @entity5 progression. Recurrent @entity1282 to paste food accounted for by @entity5 overgrowth proximal or distal to the stent and stent migration were not observed in the series. CONCLUSIONS: The new low cost endoprostheses is effective and forthcoming increased experience and prospective trials including questionnaires to analyze quality of life will allow for more informed decisions tailoring to a particular @entity1 situation or to unexpected complications.

title: Mid-esophagus unresectable XXXX treated with a low cost stent. First experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'people', 'men']

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['chest pain']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer of the esophagus', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity418 :: ('MESH:D004938', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal cancer']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['dysphagia']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']