abstract: BACKGROUND: Establishing a comprehensive diagnosis, together with the implementation of evidence-based therapeutic methods, is a prerequisite for effective and safe rehabilitation. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the accuracy of referral diagnoses and identify the risk factors for diagnostic neglect in @entity1 after @entity16 ( @entity16 ) referred to rehabilitation departments in hospitals. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Referral diagnoses were compared with tentative diagnoses established on admission in 350 randomly chosen @entity1 with @entity16 admitted to a rehabilitation department between 1998 and 2011. The @entity1 were divided into Group A of those admitted in 1998-2004 and Group B of those admitted in 2006-11 (175 subjects each). The patterns of and risk factors for @entity18119 ( @entity18119 ) were analyzed. RESULTS: The rate of @entity18119 was 38.3% in Group A and 35.4% in Group B. The number of diagnoses where additional data were added after verification on admission was 111 in Group A and 129 in Group B. The most common deficiencies in referral diagnoses consisted in the failure to identify symptomatic @entity293 (49), @entity2736 (39), and pressure sores (32). The @entity18119 rate was significantly (p>0.05) higher in @entity1 referred from hospitals, surgical departments, those with thoracic spine lesions, complete @entity51 , and those with at least two co-morbidities or concomitant injuries. Median time between @entity16 and admission for rehabilitation was longer in subjects with accurate referral diagnoses (180 days) compared with the @entity18119 group (54 days). Age, gender and cause of @entity16 did not correlate with @entity18119 . CONCLUSIONS: Risk factors for @entity18119 in @entity16 @entity1 include complete @entity51 , short time elapsing from @entity16 , referral from a hospital, referral from a surgical department, @entity1514 , and multiple co-morbidities.

title: Accuracy of diagnoses in XXXX with spinal cord injury referred to hospital rehabilitation departments.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity18119 :: ('MESH:D019952', 'Disease') :: ['IDRD', 'inaccurate and deficient referral diagnoses']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['spinal injury with neurological consequences', 'SINC']

entities_list: @entity1514 :: ('MESH:D013896', 'Disease') :: ['thoracic spinal lesion']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deficit', 'neurological deficits']

entities_list: @entity2736 :: ('MESH:D009999', 'Disease') :: ['heterotopic ossification']

entities_list: @entity293 :: ('MESH:D014552', 'Disease') :: ['urinary tract infections']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Previous studies have demonstrated greater efficacy for @entity4546 compared with @entity4444 in @entity1 with endoscopically verified @entity354 , but excluded the substantial group of @entity354 ( @entity354 ) @entity1 with reflux symptoms but without @entity854 . This prospective, randomized, double-blind study compared @entity4546 and @entity4444 in the treatment of @entity354 -associated heartburn both in @entity1 with symptomatic non-ulcerative @entity354 and in those with heartburn but without @entity354 . METHODS: A total of 221 @entity1 with heartburn and oesophageal mucosa grade 0 (normal, n = 51), 1 (no macroscopic @entity2681 , n = 52), 2 ( @entity2681 , n = 97) or 3 (confluent @entity2681 , n = 21) were randomized to receive double-blind either @entity4546 20 mg daily or @entity4444 400 mg q.d.s. for a period of 4 weeks. Those still symptomatic after 4 weeks of treatment received @entity4546 20 mg daily for a further 4 weeks. RESULTS: There was no correlation between severity of heartburn and endoscopic grade at entry (correlation coefficient = 0.196). After 4 weeks of treatment, the proportion of @entity1 in whom heartburn was controlled (no more than mild symptoms on no more than 1 day in the previous 7) on @entity4546 (66%; 74/112) was more than double that on @entity4444 (31%; 34/109) (P < 0.0001). There was no significant difference between the relief of heartburn in the 47% of @entity1 without unequivocal @entity354 (endoscopic grade 0 or 1) and in the 53% of @entity1 with @entity2681 (grade 2 or 3) (P = 0.31). Only treatment with @entity4546 (P < 0.0001) and lower severity of heartburn at entry (P < 0.01) were significant in predicting heartburn relief. Amongst those @entity1 requiring an additional 4 weeks of treatment with @entity4546 , 67% (54/81) reported that their heartburn was controlled after 8 weeks of treatment. CONCLUSION: We conclude that @entity4546 is superior to @entity4444 for the relief of all grades of heartburn in @entity354 , whether or not the @entity1 has unequivocal endoscopic @entity354 .

title: @entity4546 is more effective than @entity4444 for the relief of all grades of XXXX -associated heartburn, irrespective of the presence or absence of endoscopic @entity354 .

entities_list: @entity4444 :: ('MESH:D002927', 'Chemical') :: ['cimetidine']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2681 :: ('MESH:D014077', 'Disease') :: ['erosive oesophagitis', 'erosions', 'isolated erosions']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['endoscopic abnormality']

entities_list: @entity354 :: ('MESH:D005764', 'Disease') :: ['GERD', 'gastro-oesophageal reflux disease', 'oesophagitis']

entities_list: @entity4546 :: ('MESH:D009853', 'Chemical') :: ['omeprazole']

answer: @entity354 :: (MESH:D005764,Disease) :: ['gastro-oesophageal reflux disease']


abstract: @entity3659 is the medication of first choice in the treatment of chronic @entity2701 . In 197 @entity1 with chronic @entity2701 (87M and 110F with a mean age of 38 +/- 13 (18-68)) efficacy and tolerability of 60-90 mg @entity47889 (AO) were compared with 50-75 mg @entity3659 (AM) and placebo (PL) in a double-blind, parallel-group trial consisting of a four weeks' baseline phase and 12 weeks of treatment. The primary study endpoint was a reduction of at least 50% of the product of @entity10 duration and frequency and a reduction of at least 50% in @entity10 intensity. Statistics used were Fisher's exact test and analysis of variance. No significant difference emerged between AO, AM and PL with respect to the primary study endpoint. Treatment response occurred in 30.3% of the AO, 22.4% of the AM and 21.9% of the PL group. A reduction in @entity10 duration and frequency of at least 50% was found in 39.4% on AO, in 25.4% on AM and in 26.6% on PL (PAO-PL = .1384, @entity6454 -PL = 1.000, PAO-AM = .0973). A reduction in @entity10 intensity of at least 50% was found in 31.8% on AO, in 26.9% on AM and in 26.6% on PL (PAO-PL = .5657, @entity6454 -PL = 1.000, PAO-AM = .5715). Trend analysis with respect to a significant reduction of @entity10 intensity (p < 0.05) and the product of @entity10 duration and frequency revealed a superior effect of AO.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Efficacy and tolerability of @entity47889 in the treatment of chronic XXXX : a multi-centre controlled study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity47889 :: ('MESH:C006566', 'Chemical') :: ['amitriptylinoxide']

entities_list: @entity3659 :: ('MESH:D000639', 'Chemical') :: ['Amitriptyline', 'amitriptyline']

entities_list: @entity2701 :: ('MESH:D018781', 'Disease') :: ['tension-type headache']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

answer: @entity2701 :: (MESH:D018781,Disease) :: ['tension-type headache']


abstract: The vascular type of the @entity4243 (vEDS) is caused by dominant-negative mutations in the procollagen type III ( @entity1414 ) gene. @entity1 with this @entity74 have a shortened life expectancy due to complications from ruptured vessels or hollow organs. We tested the effectiveness of allele-specific RNA interference (RNAi) to reduce the mutated phenotype in fibroblasts. Small-interfering RNAs (siRNAs) discriminating between wild-type and mutant @entity1414 allele were identified by a luciferase reporter gene assay and in primary fibroblasts from a normal donor and a @entity1 with vEDS. The best discriminative siRNA with the mutation at position 10 resulted in >90% silencing of the mutant allele without affecting the wild-type allele. Transmission and immunogold electron microscopy of extracted extracellular matrices from untreated fibroblasts of the @entity1 with vEDS revealed structurally abnormal fibrils. After siRNA treatment, collagen fibrils became similar to fibrils from fibroblasts of normal and @entity1414 haploinsufficient donors. In addition, it was shown that expression of mutated @entity1414 activates the unfolded protein response and that reduction of the amount of mutated protein by siRNA reduces cellular stress. Taken together, the results provide evidence that allele-specific siRNAs are able to reduce negative effects of mutated @entity1414 proteins. Thus, the application of allele-specific RNAi may be a promising direction for future personalized therapies to reduce the severity of vEDS.

title: Allele-specific siRNA knockdown as a personalized treatment strategy for vascular @entity4243 in XXXX fibroblasts.

entities_list: @entity4243 :: ('MESH:D004535', 'Disease') :: ['Ehlers-Danlos syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['autosomal dominant disorder']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: Atypical antipsychotics such as @entity1088 and @entity1037 have been shown to enhance @entity112 turnover and this effect has been hypothesized to contribute to their improved therapeutic profile compared to typical antipsychotics. In the present study, we examined the effects of antipsychotic drugs on @entity112 (HA) efflux in the mPFC of the @entity35 by means of in vivo microdialysis and sought to differentiate the receptor mechanisms which underlie such effects. @entity1037 and @entity1088 increased mPFC HA efflux in a dose related manner. Increased HA efflux was also observed after @entity1089 , @entity2644 , and @entity21886 treatment. We found no effect of the selective @entity750 (2A) antagonist @entity36673 , @entity750 (2c) antagonist @entity21483 , or the @entity750 (6) antagonist @entity45420 on mPFC HA efflux. HA efflux was increased following treatment with selective H(1) receptor antagonists @entity8765 , @entity3933 , and @entity45421 , the H(3) receptor antagonist @entity10449 and the mixed @entity750 (2A)/H(1) receptor antagonist @entity6009 . The potential novel antipsychotic drug FMPD, which has a lower affinity at H(1) receptors than @entity1037 , did not affect HA efflux. Similarly, other antipsychotics with lower H(1) receptor affinity ( @entity1090 , @entity1770 , and @entity1767 ) were also without effect on HA efflux. Finally, HA efflux after antipsychotic treatment was significantly correlated with affinity at H(1) receptors whereas nine other receptors, including @entity750 (2A), were not. These results demonstrate that both typical and atypical antipsychotics increase mPFC @entity112 efflux and this effect may be mediated via antagonism of @entity112 H(1) receptors.

title: Typical and atypical antipsychotic drugs increase extracellular @entity112 levels in the @entity35 medial prefrontal cortex: contribution of XXXX h(1) receptor blockade.

entities_list: @entity1088 :: ('MESH:D003024', 'Chemical') :: ['clozapine']

entities_list: @entity3933 :: ('MESH:D004155', 'Chemical') :: ['diphenhydramine']

entities_list: @entity45421 :: ('MESH:D014311', 'Chemical') :: ['triprolidine']

entities_list: @entity21886 :: ('MESH:D010546', 'Chemical') :: ['perphenazine']

entities_list: @entity2644 :: ('MESH:D002746', 'Chemical') :: ['chlorpromazine']

entities_list: @entity8765 :: ('MESH:D011738', 'Chemical') :: ['pyrilamine']

entities_list: @entity1090 :: ('MESH:D018967', 'Chemical') :: ['risperidone']

entities_list: @entity112 :: ('MESH:D006632', 'Chemical') :: ['histamine']

entities_list: @entity1767 :: ('MESH:D006220', 'Chemical') :: ['haloperidol']

entities_list: @entity6009 :: ('MESH:D007650', 'Chemical') :: ['ketanserin']

entities_list: @entity1037 :: ('MESH:C076029', 'Chemical') :: ['Olanzapine', 'olanzapine']

entities_list: @entity1770 :: ('MESH:C094645', 'Chemical') :: ['aripiprazole']

entities_list: @entity1089 :: ('MESH:C069541', 'Chemical') :: ['quetiapine']

entities_list: @entity10449 :: ('MESH:C115705', 'Chemical') :: ['ciproxifan']

answer: @entity112 :: (MESH:D006632,Chemical) :: ['histamine']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: It has been reported that @entity1243 and @entity7766 ( @entity7766 ) play a role in the control of appetite and in the regulation of hormonal secretion. METHODS: Plasma @entity1243 , @entity7766 ( @entity7766 ) and galanin concentrations were estimated in 13 @entity1 with @entity1279 ( @entity1279 ) 19 @entity1 with @entity1278 ( @entity1278 ) and in 19 healthy @entity1 of the control group (CG). RESULTS: Plasma @entity1243 concentration in @entity1279 was significantly higher than that in @entity1278 and it was lower as compared with the control group, despite the same BMI (body mass index) in both the groups. Plasma @entity1243 level in @entity1278 was significantly lower as compared with the controls. Plasma galanin concentrations in @entity1278 and @entity1279 did not differ significantly from the control group. Plasma @entity7766 concentration in @entity1278 was lower than that in the control group. However, plasma @entity7766 level in @entity1279 was significantly higher as compared with @entity1278 and with the control group (CG). The observed increase of @entity7766 in @entity1279 was independent of BMI because BMI in @entity1279 was normal. CONCLUSIONS: The data may suggest that other factors than body weight changes may be involved in the modulation of @entity1243 and @entity7766 release in @entity1279 . The pathological behaviour of @entity1 with @entity1279 may result from disturbed @entity7766 release which is the strongest orexigenic factor.

title: Plasma XXXX , @entity7766 ( @entity7766 ) and galanin concentrations in @entity1278 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1278 :: ('MESH:D000856', 'Disease') :: ['anorexia nervosa', 'AN']

entities_list: @entity1279 :: ('MESH:D052018', 'Disease') :: ['bulimia nervosa', 'BN']

answer: @entity1243 :: (3952,Gene) :: ['leptin']


abstract: @entity2791 ( @entity2791 ), the main cause of chronic @entity455 ( @entity455 ), is associated with significant oxidative stress. @entity455 induces @entity8 partly by promoting @entity8 and blunting MV repair in the stenotic kidney. We tested the hypothesis that @entity224 anion plays a pivotal role in @entity409 , reduction of MV density, and progression of @entity8 in the stenotic kidney. @entity2791 was induced in 14 @entity12526 and observed for 6 wk. Seven @entity2791 @entity1707 were chronically treated with the @entity224 dismutase mimetic @entity11933 ( @entity2791 +T) to reduce oxidative stress. Single-kidney hemodynamics and function were quantified in vivo using multidetector computer tomography (CT) and renal MV density was quantified ex vivo using micro-CT. Expression of angiogenic, inflammatory, and apoptotic factors was measured in renal tissue, and @entity8 and @entity82 were quantified in tissue sections. The degree of @entity2791 and blood pressure were similarly increased in @entity2791 and @entity2791 +T. Renal blood flow (RBF) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were reduced in the stenotic kidney (280.1    36.8 and 34.2    3.1 ml/min, P < 0.05 vs. control). @entity2791 +T kidneys showed preserved GFR (58.5    6.3 ml/min, P = not significant vs. control) but a similar decreases in RBF (293.6    85.2 ml/min) and further decreases in MV density compared with @entity2791 . These changes were accompanied by blunted angiogenic signaling and increased apoptosis and @entity82 in the stenotic kidney of @entity2791 +T compared with @entity2791 . The current study shows that @entity11933 administration provided limited protection to the stenotic kidney. Despite preserved GFR, renal perfusion was not improved by @entity11933 , and MV density was further reduced compared with untreated @entity2791 , associated with @entity8 and @entity82 . These results suggest that a tight balance of the renal redox status is necessary for a normal MV repair response to injury, at least at the early stage of @entity455 , and raise caution regarding antioxidant strategies in @entity2791 .

title: Early XXXX scavenging accelerates renal microvascular rarefaction and damage in the stenotic kidney.

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal microvascular (MV) damage', 'renal injury', 'increased renal apoptosis', 'renal apoptosis']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['renovascular disease', 'RVD', 'Chronic RVD']

entities_list: @entity12526 :: ('9825', 'Species') :: ['domestic pigs']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['MV dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity2791 :: ('MESH:D012078', 'Disease') :: ['Renal artery stenosis', 'RAS']

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide']

answer: @entity224 :: (MESH:D013481,Chemical) :: ['superoxide']


abstract: Tubular @entity4122 of the seminiferous tubules of the rete testis is an uncommon benign condition which was only recently described. Its US pattern is typical and allows the disease to be distinguished from @entity5 of the testicle. The condition was evaluated with US in 10 @entity1 ; all @entity1 were over 50 years old. US was performed with a 7.5-MHz linear probe. The lesion was unilateral in 7 and bilateral in 3 @entity1 . It was always localized in the mediastinum testis and was associated with spermatocele in 5 cases and with testicular cysts in 4. On US scans, the condition presented with several tubular or rounded anechoic structures, mimicking a hypoechoic mass. In 5 @entity1 with 4-19 months' follow-up, no change in lesion size and structure was observed. Tubular @entity4122 was never assessed with biopsy or histology. Tubular @entity4122 of the rete testis shares several US features with testicular cysts and spermatocele, which are likely to have the same underlying mechanisms. This benign condition can be distinguished from true cysts and @entity5 on the basis of US findings and its differential diagnosis is important to avoid unnecessary surgery.

title: [Tubular XXXX of the rete testis. The echographic aspects].

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cystic tumors', 'testicular tumors']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

answer: @entity4122 :: (MESH:D004108,Disease) :: ['ectasia']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the relationship between intraocular pressure (IOP) and the rate of @entity227 ( @entity227 ) progression in treated @entity726 . METHODS: In a clinic-based, retrospective study, data of consecutive primary open-angle and angle-closure @entity726 @entity1 with >=  5 VFs between 1989 and 2008 were analyzed. The Guided Progression Analysis software, which provides the rate of change of Visual Field Index per year, was used to assess the @entity1168 ( @entity1168 ). IOP measurements during the @entity227 examination visits were extracted, and mean, peak, and fluctuation (SD) of IOP during the follow-up were calculated. Relationships between IOP parameters and @entity1168 were analyzed using regression models. Other risk factors evaluated were age, sex, type of @entity726 , presence of @entity101 and @entity6 , severity of @entity227 at presentation, @entity726 surgery during follow-up, number of antiglaucoma medications, and follow-up duration. RESULTS: During the study period, 296 eyes of 213 @entity726 @entity1 had undergone >=  5 VFs. IOP fluctuation was the only IOP parameter significantly associated with @entity1168 (b=-0.37, P=0.02). Evaluated in a multivariate model with other risk factors, the severity of @entity227 at presentation (b=0.08, P=0.002) and IOP fluctuation (b=-0.35, P=0.02) remained significantly associated with @entity1168 . Greater IOP fluctuation was seen in eyes undergoing @entity726 surgery and eyes requiring more antiglaucoma medications during follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Long-term IOP fluctuation was the most important IOP parameter associated with increased @entity1168 of @entity227 . This association is likely due to the confounding effect of enhanced therapy in eyes suspected to be progressing.

title: Relationship between intraocular pressure and rate of @entity227 in treated XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['glaucomatous VF loss', 'visual field', 'VF loss', 'VF damage', 'VF']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity1168 :: ('MESH:D001919', 'Disease') :: ['rate of progression', 'ROP']

answer: @entity726 :: (MESH:D005901,Disease) :: ['glaucoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine whether inhaled @entity10453 , a new long acting inhaled beta adrenergic agonist, reduces nocturnal bronchoconstriction and improves @entity25 in @entity1 with nocturnal @entity565 . DESIGN: Randomised, double blind, placebo controlled crossover study. SETTING: Hospital outpatient clinics in Edinburgh. SUBJECTS: Twenty clinically stable @entity1 (13 @entity1 , seven @entity1 ) with nocturnal @entity565 , median age 39 (range 18-60) years. INTERVENTIONS: @entity10453 50 micrograms and 100 micrograms and placebo taken each morning and evening by metered dose inhaler. Rescue @entity3045 inhalers were provided throughout the run in and study periods. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Improvement in nocturnal @entity565 as measured by peak expiratory flow rates and change in @entity25 as measured by electroencephalography. RESULTS: @entity10453 improved the lowest overnight peak flow rate at both 50 micrograms (difference in median values (95% confidence interval for difference in medians) 69 (18 to 88) l/min) and 100 micrograms (72 (23 to 61) l/min) doses twice daily. While taking @entity10453 50 micrograms twice daily @entity1 had an objective improvement in @entity25 , spending less time awake or in light sleep (-9 (-4 to -44) min) and more time in stage 4 sleep (26 (6-34) min). CONCLUSIONS: @entity10453 is an effective long acting inhaled bronchodilator for @entity1 with nocturnal @entity565 and at a dose of 50 micrograms twice daily improves objective @entity25 .

title: XXXX in nocturnal @entity565 : a double blind, placebo controlled trial of a long acting inhaled beta 2 agonist.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity3045 :: ('MESH:D000420', 'Chemical') :: ['salbutamol']

entities_list: @entity10453 :: ('MESH:C057823', 'Chemical') :: ['salmeterol', 'Salmeterol']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['sleep quality']

answer: @entity10453 :: (MESH:C057823,Chemical) :: ['Salmeterol']


abstract: 1. Anaphylaxis-induced @entity2472 of proximal and distal tracheal segments isolated from 14-day ovalbumin (OA)-sensitized @entity35 were studied. 2. OA-induced @entity2472 in distal segments were significantly greater than those observed in proximal segments. 3. Pretreatment of the @entity35 with compound 48/80 or with @entity9992 (SCG) aerosolization significantly reduced OA-induced @entity2472 of @entity825 distal segments, whereas the @entity2472 of proximal segments were reduced only by compound 48/80. 4. @entity3543 reduced and @entity3352 increased the OA-induced @entity2472 in all tracheal segments. @entity2604 increased the OA-induced @entity2472 in distal tracheal segments, whereas dazoxiben inhibited the @entity2472 in these same segments; neither of these drugs had any effect on the @entity2472 in proximal tracheal segments. 5. The depletion of connective tissue mast cells and subsequent in vitro treatment with @entity3352 increased the OA-induced @entity2472 in both segments. 6. We conclude that the @entity2472 of tracheal muscle from OA-sensitized @entity35 depends on the topographic and anatomical origin of the airway tissue. 7. Mediators released by connective tissue mast cells in proximal and distal segments play a pivotal role in this response and may account for variations in the intensity of contraction seen after the addition of OA.

title: Contractile responses of proximal and distal XXXX segments isolated from @entity35 subjected to immunological stimulation: role of connective tissue mast cells.

entities_list: @entity2604 :: ('MESH:D009637', 'Chemical') :: ['Nor-dihydroguaiaretic acid']

entities_list: @entity3543 :: ('MESH:D011796', 'Chemical') :: ['Mepacrine']

entities_list: @entity9992 :: ('MESH:D004205', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium cromoglycate']

entities_list: @entity3352 :: ('MESH:D007213', 'Chemical') :: ['indomethacin']

entities_list: @entity2472 :: ('MESH:C536214', 'Disease') :: ['contractions']

answer: @entity825 :: (MESH:D055090,Disease) :: ['trachea']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Several studies have investigated the role of physical @entity410 in @entity955 ( @entity955 ), but the results remain controversial. We aimed to estimate the association between physical @entity410 and risk of @entity955 . We comprehensively retrieved data from the Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Embase databases until February 29, 2016, for studies evaluating the association of physical @entity410 with the risk of @entity955 . Data were abstracted from included studies, and effect estimates were pooled using a random-effects model. Six studies with a total of 205   094 @entity1 and 15   919 @entity955 cases fulfilled the inclusion criteria. When physical @entity410 was assessed as a continuous variable, per incremental increase of physical @entity410 was associated with a 9% reduced risk of @entity955 (risk ratio [RR]: 0.91, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.84-1.00, P = 0.05). When physical @entity410 was assessed as a categorical variable, the risk of @entity955 was significantly reduced (RR: 0.51, 95% CI: 0.28-0.91, P = 0.02) in individuals with the highest level of physical @entity410 compared with those with the lowest level. The intermediate vs the lowest level of physical @entity410 was associated with a 28% reduced risk of @entity955 (RR: 0.72, 95% CI: 0.56-0.93, P = 0.01). The sensitivity analysis indicated that these results were stable. Notably, there was evidence of statistical heterogeneity across studies; therefore, we should interpret the results cautiously. In conclusion, published literature supports that a higher level of physical @entity410 is associated with a lower risk of @entity955 . Further studies should be performed to confirm these findings.

title: Association of Physical Fitness With the Risk of XXXX : A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation', 'AF']

answer: @entity955 :: (MESH:D001281,Disease) :: ['Atrial Fibrillation']


abstract: @entity740 ( @entity740 ) and @entity2521 ( @entity2521 ) are complex inflammatory disturbances, influenced by genetic factors. Interleukin (IL)-1 genes code for inflammatory mediators involved in the physiopathogenesis of both diseases. Functional polymorphisms in @entity1356 genes modulate cytokine levels and have been associated with susceptibility to immune-inflammatory conditions. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was investigate the association of functional @entity1356 gene polymorphisms and transcript levels with susceptibility to @entity740 and @entity2521 . DESIGN: The sample consisted of 246 individuals, mean age 44.8 years, divided into: group 1 (64 @entity1 without @entity740 and without @entity2521 ), group 2 (58 without @entity740 and with @entity2521 ), group 3 (52 with @entity740 and without @entity2521 ) and group 4 (72 with @entity740 and with @entity2521 ). DNA was obtained from cells of oral mucosa and polymorphisms IL1AC-889T, @entity9302 -511T, @entity9302 +3954T and @entity1193 (intron 2) were analyzed by PCR-RFLP. Transcript levels from gingival tissues were analyzed by real-time PCR. RESULTS: @entity1193 (*)1 allele was associated with almost 4-fold increased risk for @entity740 (OR 3.92 95% CI=1.6-9.4, p=0.002). @entity1193 (*)2 allele was associated with 3-fold increased risk for @entity2521 in @entity740 @entity1 (OR 3.08 95% CI=1.2-7.9, p=0.019). Allele T for polymorphism @entity1356 +3954 was associated with @entity740 in @entity2521 @entity1 (OR 2.28 95% CI=1.1-4.7, p=0.019). Significantly increased levels of transcripts of @entity1192 , @entity1356 and @entity1193 genes were found in @entity2521 @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: It was observed an evidence for association of @entity1356 and @entity1193 alleles with susceptibility to @entity740 and @entity2521 . Higher levels of @entity1356 gene transcripts were found in @entity2521 @entity1 .

title: Analysis of @entity1356 gene polymorphisms and transcript levels in periodontal and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic kidney disease', 'CKD']

entities_list: @entity2521 :: ('MESH:D010518', 'Disease') :: ['periodontitis', 'PD']

answer: @entity740 :: (MESH:D051436,Disease) :: ['chronic kidney disease']


abstract: Telomerase can synthesize telomeric DNA repeats onto chromosome ends. Telomere length and telomerase activity have recently been implicated in the control of the proliferative capacity of normal and malignant cells. The expression of telomerase activity is concomitant with the attainment of immortality in @entity5 tissues and cells. Thus, enzyme activity may indicate a prevalent or even ubiquitous @entity5 producer. In this report, telomerase activity was analyzed in 40 @entity1 @entity150 , 7 normal tissues, and 2 @entity1494 with @entity1141 using a PCR-based telomeric repeat amplification protocol assay. Telomerase activity was detected in almost all @entity150 (97.5%); only one sample, which was in an early stage, did not express telomerase activity. None of the normal tissues displayed telomerase activity. One of the two @entity1494 with @entity1141 expressed low telomerase activity. The expression of telomerase activity has a clear association with the pathological grade and clinical stage. Most of the @entity5 with high telomerase activity were in an advanced grade and had deep invasion. Thus, telomerase activity might be suggested to represent an additional required event in the multigenetic process of tumorigenesis in @entity1 @entity150 .

title: Telomerase activity in XXXX @entity150 .

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bladder epithelia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder cancers', 'bladder tumors', 'bladder cancer']

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['dysplasia']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In the current age of ever-increasing healthcare costs, it is of utmost importance to adopt strategies that reduce hospital stay and cost, while still maintaining @entity1 safety. In this study we review our approach of same-day discharge following @entity737 ( @entity737 ) placement for primary prevention of @entity1164 ( @entity1164 ). METHODS: We conducted a retrospective chart review of 415 consecutive @entity1 who underwent @entity737 implantation for prevention of @entity1164 between 2007 and 2010. @entity1 were divided into an outpatient group (Group A) and an inpatient group (Group B). We evaluated the @entity1 ' demographics, comorbidities, and the rate of short-term surgical complications on or before the 2-week follow-up appointment. RESULTS: Of 252 @entity1 included in Group A, 198 (78.6%) were successfully discharged on the same day (Group A1). At the 2-week wound check appointment, four @entity1 (2%) had minor surgical site @entity548 , one @entity1 had a @entity1410 , and one @entity1 developed @entity221 and swelling around the implantation site. Of the Group A @entity1 , 54 (21.4%) were not discharged on the same day (Group A2). A total of 53 @entity1 were included in Group B, four (7.5%) developed a @entity1410 at the 2-week follow-up wound check visit. CONCLUSIONS: Procedure-related complications after @entity737 placement are rare. Same-day discharge is safe and feasible following @entity737 placement for primary prevention of @entity1164 and hence a reduction in healthcare costs can be achieved by decreasing the length of hospital stay.

title: Feasibility and safety of same-day discharge after XXXX placement for primary prevention.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1164 :: ('MESH:D016757', 'Disease') :: ['SCD', 'sudden cardiac death']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity737 :: ('MESH:D057873', 'Disease') :: ['ICD', 'implantable cardioverter defibrillator']

answer: @entity737 :: (MESH:D057873,Disease) :: ['implantable cardioverter defibrillator']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Minimally invasive approaches to mitral valve repair have demonstrated equivalent technical outcomes and more rapid recovery when compared with traditional sternotomy. These techniques have been widely accepted for @entity339 and @entity850 . The utilization of minimally invasive techniques in the presence of @entity1002 has been controversial. We hypothesized that minimally invasive mitral valve surgery could be safely performed in the presence of compromised myocardial function, thereby minimizing recovery time. METHODS: All @entity1 undergoing minimally invasive mitral valve surgery at our center from November 1998 through June 2012 were analyzed. During this time 1,103 @entity1 underwent minimally invasive, port access, mitral valve surgery utilizing a video-assisted limited right thoracotomy approach. @entity1 with @entity1002 (ejection fraction  <= 0.40, n = 140) were compared with @entity1 with normal ventricular function (n = 963). Preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative variables were compared between cohorts. RESULTS: @entity1 with @entity1002 were able to undergo mitral valve surgery with minimal mortality (2.1% vs 1.7%, p = 0.7) and morbidity, that was comparable with @entity1 with normal ventricular function. Postoperative recovery was only slightly longer compared with @entity1 with normal LV function as noted by time to extubation (6.0 vs 7.0 hours, p = 0.005) and hospital length of stay (7.0 vs 6.0 days, p < 0.001). A significant percentage of @entity1 with @entity1002 underwent redo cardiac surgery (40.0%) through minimally invasive approaches. CONCLUSIONS: Minimally invasive, port-access, mitral valve surgery can be safely performed with minimal morbidity and mortality in the presence of @entity296 . This approach may be considered in @entity1 with isolated mitral valve pathology and @entity1002 in an experienced center.

title: Minimally invasive mitral valve surgery can be performed with optimal outcomes in the presence of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity339 :: ('MESH:D008944', 'Disease') :: ['mitral insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular (LV) dysfunction', 'LV dysfunction']

answer: @entity1002 :: (MESH:D018487,Disease) :: ['left ventricular dysfunction']


abstract: @entity130 in @entity6 is impaired, and nonhealing ulceration represent clinically relevant complications. Persistently high levels of matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) contribute to wound chronicity. Thus, the topical use of protease inhibitors might influence wound healing and promote transition from a chronic to an acute wound. METHODS: In this study, 33 @entity1 with chronic @entity2316 (stage 2a of the University of Texas Wound Classification system) were included. Fifteen @entity1 received redundant "good standard wound care." In addition, 18 @entity1 were treated with a protease inhibitory modulating matrix (the OCR/collagen Promogran matrix, Ethicon) with dressings changed on a daily basis. Prior to treatment and at 4 and 8 days after treatment, two 3-mm punch biopsies were taken from the center of the wounds and analyzed using ELISA techniques for MMPs, tissue inhibitor of @entity1476 ( @entity1552 ), and @entity1356 ( @entity1356 ) levels. In addition, mRNA levels of MMPs as well as @entity1356 and @entity310 were detected using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (TaqMan, Applied Biosystems, Weiterstadt, Germany). RESULTS: No differences were detected between both groups and at the three time points for the mRNA levels of MMPs as well as of @entity1356 and @entity310 . In addition, MMP levels in wound tissue (analyzed by ELISA) were also not significantly different between both groups. However, @entity1356 was increased on day 8 in the treatment group (P=.01) only. Interestingly, we found a significant reduction of the @entity1495 / @entity1552 ratio in the group being treated with the ORC/collagen. These wounds exhibited a more rapid healing rate when treated with the ORC/collagen matrix. CONCLUSIONS: The local treatment with a protease inhibitor has a beneficial effect on wound healing. In contrast to the data on wound fluid, our study demonstrated for the first time the unaltered mRNA levels of MMPs during treatment with a protease inhibitory modulating matrix. At the cellular level, MMPs were also not statistically different. However, the more relevant ratio of @entity1495 / @entity1552 was decreased in the treatment group. An equally important finding was that we did not detect a compensatory increase in the MMP-RNA expression even though wound size was clearly reduced.

title: Expression of matrix metalloproteinases and growth factors in XXXX treated with a protease absorbent dressing.

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity2316 :: ('MESH:D003928', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic foot lesions']

entities_list: @entity1356 :: ('3553', 'Gene') :: ['interleukin-1beta', 'IL-1beta']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['Wound healing']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetic foot wounds']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity1 with @entity1615 ( @entity1615 ) often present with a disfiguring shoulder imbalance. Shoulder balance (Sh.B) is of significant importance to the @entity1 's self-perception. Previous studies have correlated Sh.B with respect to only the clinical posterior view correlated with radiographs. It is important, however, to address Sh.B with respect to anterior view of the @entity1 ' shoulders as if @entity1 were viewing in a mirror. In this study, we evaluated the anterior Sh.B and correlated it with posterior Sh.B clinically and radiographically in Lenke type 1 and 2 curves. METHOD: An online @entity1635 database was queried to identify 74 @entity1615 @entity1 with Lenke 1 (n  =  55, age 15.28      3.35) and 2 (n  =  19, age 15.66      3.72) curves with a complete set of PA radiographs and anterior and posterior photos. Radiographic measures for Sh.B included Cobb angles, T1 tilt, first rib angle, and clavicle-rib intersection angle. Clinical measures for Sh.B included inner shoulder angle, outer shoulder angle, and axillary fold angle. Regression analysis with Pearson's correlation and ANOVA for statistical significance was used for analysis. RESULTS: For Lenke 1 curves, there was moderate statistically significant correlation between anterior and posterior clinical Sh.B (R  =  0.35-0.41). There was only weak to moderate correlation between radiographic and clinical measures. For Lenke 2 curves, there was a weak to moderate correlation between anterior and posterior clinical Sh.B (R  =  0.25-0.45), though not statistically significant. There was no statistically significant correlation between any radiographic measures and posterior Sh.B. There was, however, moderate and significant correlation between radiographic measures and anterior Sh.B. CONCLUSION: There is no strong correlation between anterior and posterior clinical Sh.B, and surgeons should evaluate both sides in @entity85 correction, especially in Lenke 2 curves. None of the radiographic measures showed strong correlation (R  >  0.8) with anterior or posterior clinical Sh.B. A stronger correlation existed between radiographic measures and anterior Sh.B measurements compared with posterior clinical Sh.B measurements in Lenke 2 curves further necessitating anterior evaluation in this group.

title: Does anterior shoulder balance in XXXX correlate with posterior shoulder balance clinically and radiographically?

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['planning deformity']

entities_list: @entity1635 :: ('MESH:D012600', 'Disease') :: ['scoliosis']

entities_list: @entity1615 :: ('OMIM:181800', 'Disease') :: ['AIS', 'adolescent idiopathic scoliosis']

answer: @entity1615 :: (OMIM:181800,Disease) :: ['adolescent idiopathic scoliosis']


abstract: Bunionette, or @entity12256 , is a painful @entity2632 on the plantar and/or lateral aspect of the fifth metatarsal head. Until recently, there have been very good results reported in literature when minimally invasive therapy is used to treat this deformity. In this study, the authors critically review the outcome of @entity1 operated by the minimal invasive technique. A total of 31 feet were retrospectively reviewed with a mean follow-up of 52 months (range 14-106 months). The results were related to the preoperative severity of the @entity85 . The mean intermetatarsal angle IV/V was reduced from 12   to 7.5   postoperatively. The American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society score showed good and excellent values (80-100 points) at follow-up in 16 (12 type I, 4 type III) feet. Fourteen (2 type I, 5 type II, 7 type III) feet were rated as satisfactory (60-80 points) and one (type III) foot with fair (56 points). Nine @entity1 (5 type II and 4 type III) indicated that they would not undergo the operative procedure again. Our results show inclusive evidence that minimal invasive osteotomies have a good clinical outcome in the treatment of high-grade @entity85 . The best future option is to consider the classification of the deformity before a minimally invasive operation is to take place.

title: Minimally invasive osteotomy for symptomatic XXXX is not advisable for severe @entity85 : a critical retrospective analysis of the results.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2632 :: ('MESH:D057887', 'Disease') :: ['protrusion']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['deformities', 'bunionette deformity']

entities_list: @entity12256 :: ('MESH:D050489', 'Disease') :: ["tailor's bunion"]

answer: @entity85 :: (MESH:D009140,Disease) :: ['bunionette deformity']


abstract: Lower @entity360 (LGB) is more frequent than @entity360 ( @entity360 ) with a better course and a more difficult diagnosis. We reviewed retrospectively 8544 cases from @entity1 who were admitted at the Coloproctology Unit of Hospital de la Princesa. Those with the diagnosis of LGB with visible blood in stools (2646-31%) were outpatients, with a mean age of 43 years (range 9-91). Males represented 56.4% and females 43.6. All of them underwent at least sigmoidoscopic examination. The more frequent disorder was @entity6713 (48.5%) and the @entity548 source was found in the anus in 61%. Most of lesions (86%) could be reached with the short colonoscope and 92.7% of the @entity548 sources were found with total colonoscopy. In 7.3% colonoscopy was not diagnostic and fiber gastroscopy identified the @entity548 spot in 1.5% of the total. Barium studies were diagnostic in 0.5%, arteriography in 0.25% and radionuclide @entity548 scan in 0.1%. Finally in 130 @entity1 the @entity548 source could not be found. We conclude that most of @entity548 occur in the descending colon and that total colonoscopy can localize more than 92%. When total colonoscopy fails only 33% of the lesions can be found (2.35% from total) and 19% (1.5% from the total number) with @entity360 are identified with the fiber gastroscopic examination.

title: [Lower digestive hemorrhage. Its etiology and the diagnostic efficacy of different explorations. A study of 2646 XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['UGB', 'gastrointestinal bleeding', 'upper gastrointestinal bleeding']

entities_list: @entity6713 :: ('MESH:D006484', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhoids']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhagic lesions', 'bleeding']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Recurrent @entity943 are associated with palpitations, @entity425 , @entity1163 , etc. Pharmacological treatment with antiarrhythmic agents aims to interrupt the @entity591 episodes (acute therapy) and to stabilize sinus rhythm thereafter (chronic therapy). Due to the newer curative options (transvenous ablation), the segment for the pharmacological therapy is shrinking. Treatment with antiarrhythmic agents is still indicated, if the recurrence of @entity591 episodes can be sufficiently controlled by a well-tolerated antiarrhythmic regimen. In the cohort of @entity955 , total mortality and mortality from cardiovascular causes were increased under the influence of @entity5126 . The risk must, therefore, be weighed against the anticipated benefit from as well as the likelihood of @entity943 suppression, before treating a @entity1 with class I antiarrhythmic drugs. In some cases, reduction of ventricular rate by @entity460 antagonists will be the better choice. In case of recurrent @entity955 without or with minimal @entity2526 , @entity2779 or @entity6237 are recommended. @entity2778 , and in rare cases @entity2643 , will be applied in @entity453 . @entity955 of recent onset may be interrupted by bolus injection of @entity8655 , @entity2779 , or @entity6237 . In case of @entity299 , intravenous @entity2643 can be applied safely. In summary, the scientific basis for the treatment of @entity4710 has been strengthened by clinical trials. Careful evaluation of the individual @entity1 is warranted prior to institution of the pharmacological treatment.

title: [Current treatment of XXXX : drug therapy].

entities_list: @entity4710 :: ('MESH:D013617', 'Disease') :: ['supraventricular tachycardias']

entities_list: @entity2643 :: ('MESH:D000638', 'Chemical') :: ['amiodarone']

entities_list: @entity8655 :: ('MESH:D000404', 'Chemical') :: ['ajmaline']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['weakness']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['impaired cardiac function']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachyarrhythmia', 'tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity2526 :: ('MESH:D025063', 'Disease') :: ['structural abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity6237 :: ('MESH:D005424', 'Chemical') :: ['flecainide']

entities_list: @entity5126 :: ('MESH:D011802', 'Chemical') :: ['quinidine']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation', 'Atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['supraventricular arrhythmias', 'arrhythmia']

entities_list: @entity2779 :: ('MESH:D011405', 'Chemical') :: ['propafenone']

answer: @entity4710 :: (MESH:D013617,Disease) :: ['supraventricular tachycardia']


abstract: A @entity779 ( @entity779 ) DNA vaccine coding for the premembrane and envelope (E) proteins and a recombinant fusion protein containing the B domain of the @entity779 E protein fused to the maltose-binding protein ( @entity10927 ) of @entity526 both elicited neutralizing antibody in @entity19 . In order to achieve more rapid protective immunity as well as to increase the persistence of neutralizing antibody, we primed @entity19 with the DNA vaccine (D), the recombinant @entity10927 protein (R), or both (RD) given simultaneously, and then boosted twice with either the R (R/R/R or D/R/R) or D (D/D/D or R/D/D) constructs alone or the RD (RD/RD/RD) combination. All of the recombinant protein vaccines were given with alum as an adjuvant. The serum antibody response measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was highest in D/D/D @entity19 and RD/RD/RD @entity19 . The D/R/R @entity19 showed an intermediate response, and the R/D/D and R/R/R showed the lowest response. The geometric mean (GM) 50% neutralizationtiter (50% plaque reduction neutralization, or PRNT50) was marginally higher for RD/RD/RD @entity19 (891) at 9 months after priming than that for R/R/R @entity19 (724). T he lowest GM PRNT50 titers were seen in the D/D/D @entity19 (33) and R/D/D @entity19 (40), and the D/R/R group had a slightly higher titer (156) than these 2 groups. The predominant antibody subclass for the D/D/D @entity19 was immunoglobulin (Ig) G2a, similar to @entity19 infected with live virus. The R/R/R @entity19 showed an exclusive IgGI antibody response, and the RD/RD/RD response also was predominantly IgGI. The antibody subclass pattern of the R/D/D and D/R/R @entity19 showed a more balanced distribution of both @entity6527 and @entity9749 . Investigating the neutralizing capacity of antibody subclasses suggested that both @entity6527 and @entity9749 could neutralize @entity779 virus. Our observations indicate that the combination RD prime-boost regimen warrants further investigation as a vaccine strategy to prevent @entity281 .

title: Characterization of antibody responses to combinations of a XXXX DNA and @entity779 recombinant subunit vaccine.

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['dengue infection']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

answer: @entity779 :: (MESH:D003715,Disease) :: ['dengue-2']


abstract: Previous studies have demonstrated that @entity4688 and @entity1855 seem to attenuate the @entity205 nephrotoxicity. However, the mechanisms have not been completely understood, especially on molecular events. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of individual or combined treatment on osteopontin, @entity1810 , @entity1827 mRNA expressions. @entity4688 (50 mg/L in drinking water) and @entity1855 (0.5 mg/kg/day, subcutaneously), alone or in combination, were administered to @entity35 with chronic @entity205 nephrotoxicity ( @entity205 , 25 mg/kg/day, subcutaneously) (n = 5 each). Five @entity35 treated with olive oil vehicle were used as control. After 4 weeks, biochemical parameters were measured, and renal cortical mRNA levels were evaluated by Northern blot analysis. @entity205 reduced renal @entity1011 clearance significantly and induced renal cortical osteopontin, @entity1810 , @entity1827 gene expressions around 13.5 +/- 1.3, 2.4 +/- 0.2, 1.5 +/- 0.1, 1.9 +/- 0.1 folds, respectively. Individual treatment with @entity4688 or @entity1855 significantly suppressed the osteopontin and @entity1810 mRNA expression, but not @entity1827 . Combined treatment also inhibited the osteopontin and @entity1810 mRNA expression but there was no difference between combined and individual treatment. In conclusion, @entity4688 or @entity1855 significantly blunted the @entity205 -induced osteopontin and @entity1810 gene expressions. However, combined treatment did not show any additive effect.

title: Individual or combined effects of XXXX and @entity1855 on chronic @entity205 nephrotoxicity in @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity4688 :: ('MESH:D004656', 'Chemical') :: ['Enalapril', 'enalapril']

entities_list: @entity1855 :: ('MESH:D014700', 'Chemical') :: ['verapamil']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['Cyclosporine', 'cyclosporine']

entities_list: @entity1827 :: ('24323(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['endothelin-1 and procollagen alpha 1(I)']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

answer: @entity4688 :: (MESH:D004656,Chemical) :: ['enalapril']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although there is considerable risk for @entity1 from @entity715 ( @entity715 ), current systems for reducing this risk appear inefficient and have focused predominantly on secondary care, leaving the role of primary care underexplored, despite the onset of @entity715 often occurring post-discharge. AIM: To gain an understanding of the perspectives of primary care clinicians on their contribution to the prevention of @entity715 . Their current role, perceptions of @entity1 awareness, the barriers to better care, and suggestions for how these may be overcome were discussed. DESIGN AND SETTING: Qualitative study using semi-structured interviews in Oxfordshire and South Birmingham, England. METHOD: Semi-structured telephone interviews with clinicians working at practices of a variety of size, socioeconomic status, and geographical location. RESULTS: A number of factors that influenced the management of @entity715 emerged, including @entity1 characteristics, a lack of clarity of responsibility, limited communication and poor coordination, and the constraints of limited practice resources. Suggestions for improving the current system include a broader role for primary care supported by appropriate training and the requisite funding. CONCLUSION: The role of primary care remains limited, despite being ideally positioned to either raise @entity1 awareness before admission or support @entity1 adherence to the thromboprophylaxis regimen prescribed in hospital. This situation may begin to be addressed by more robust lines of communication between secondary and primary care and by providing more consistent training for primary care staff. In turn, this relies on the allocation of appropriate funds to allow practices to meet the increased demand on their time and resources.

title: Prevention of XXXX from a primary care perspective: a qualitative study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['HAT', 'hospital-acquired thrombosis']

answer: @entity715 :: (MESH:D013927,Disease) :: ['hospital-acquired thrombosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Anterior knee @entity158 continues to be an important problem following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The aim of this study was to present the early results of patelloplasty with patellar decompression to relieve anterior knee @entity158 in @entity1 who undergo TKA. METHODS: We prospectively reviewed 49 knees from 46 @entity1 (35 females, 11 males; mean age: 69.2 years; range: 54 to 82 years) who underwent TKA between January 2004 and December 2008. Decompression and patelloplasty were performed in @entity1 in whom Grade 3 and 4 chondropathy was detected during operation according to the Outerbridge classification. All knees were rated according to the Knee Society Knee and Function Scores, before surgery and during the final follow-up. The patella score was evaluated according to a specific @entity158 questionnaire used by Feller, and the mean knee range of motion was measured preoperatively and postoperatively. Additionally, a @entity1 satisfaction questionnaire used by Levitsky was performed during the final follow-up exam. The mean follow-up period was 41.1 (range: 24 to 68) months. RESULTS: The mean preoperative and final follow-up knee scores were 48.6    8.8 and 87.70    9.3, and function scores were 48.4    10.4 and 81.4    12.6, respectively. The mean preoperative patellar score was 18.1    3.5, and the final follow-up patellar score was 25.7    2.8. The mean patellar scores were significantly greater in knees with Grade 3 chondropathy compared to Grade 4 chondropathy (26.47    2.38 and 24.29    3.19, respectively). Postoperative anterior knee @entity158 was present in four knees (8.2%). The mean preoperative knee range of motion was 85.1    12.7, and the final follow-up knee range of motion was 117.0    9.8. @entity1 were "extremely" or "very" satisfied with 93.8% of their operative outcomes on their knees. CONCLUSION: Patellar decompression with patelloplasty in TKA is an option for the reduction of anterior knee @entity158 , but there is a lack of significant evidence in the literature, demonstrating that this method is superior to patellar resurfacing and patellar retention.

title: Patelloplasty with patellar decompression to relieve anterior knee XXXX in total knee arthroplasty.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'patellofemoral pain']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: Homologous recombination is a major pathway for repair of DNA double-strand breaks. This repair process is initiated by resection of the 5   -terminated strand at the break site. In @entity375 , resection is carried out by three nucleolytic complexes: @entity42182 - @entity12248 - @entity42183 , which functions at the initial step and also stimulates the two processive pathways, @entity13568 - @entity50857 and Exonuclease 1 (Exo1). Here we investigated the relationship between the three resection pathways with a focus on Exo1. Exo1 preferentially degrades the 5   -terminal stand of duplex DNA that is single stranded at the 3    end, in agreement with its role downstream of the @entity42182 - @entity12248 - @entity42183 complex. Replication protein A (RPA) stimulates DNA end resection by Exo1 by both preventing nonspecific binding of Exo1 to and preventing degradation of single-stranded DNA. Nucleolytic degradation of DNA by Exo1 is inhibited by the helicase-deficient @entity13568 @entity50858 mutant protein and, reciprocally, the nuclease-deficient Exo1 @entity50859 mutant protein inhibits DNA unwinding by @entity13568 . Thus, the activities of @entity13568 and Exo1 at DNA ends are mutually exclusive, establishing biochemically that both machineries function independently in DNA end processing. We also reconstituted @entity13568 -Top3- @entity50860 -RPA- @entity50857 and Exo1 resection reactions both individually and combined, either with or without the @entity42182 - @entity12248 - @entity42183 complex. We show that the @entity375 @entity13568 - @entity50857 and Exo1 pathways do not stimulate one another and function as independent and separate DNA end-processing machineries, even in the presence of the stimulatory @entity42182 - @entity12248 - @entity42183 complex.

title: Relationship of DNA degradation by XXXX exonuclease 1 and its stimulation by RPA and @entity42182 - @entity12248 - @entity42183 to DNA end resection.

answer: @entity375 :: (4932,Species) :: ['Saccharomyces cerevisiae']


abstract: AIM: Posterior tibial nerve stimulation (PTNS) has been shown to improve @entity322 in the short term. The optimal treatment regimen is unclear with wide variations in protocol reported in the literature. The study aimed to assess two different regimens of transcutaneous PTNS and to establish whether increasing the frequency of stimulation increases the effectiveness. METHOD: Thirty @entity1 were randomized to receive once daily or twice weekly PTNS for a 6-week period. The treatment was carried out by the @entity1 at home after instruction. The primary investigator was blinded to the @entity1 allocation until the study had ended, at which point the symptoms were assessed. No further stimulation was given after 6 weeks and the @entity1 were followed until their symptoms returned to the pre-stimulation state (baseline). The primary outcome measure was a change in the frequency of incontinent @entity2749 . RESULTS: Three @entity1 in the daily group and none in the twice weekly group achieved complete continence. Only @entity1 from the daily group showed a significant reduction in median (interquartile range) incontinent @entity2749 per week from 5 (11.13) to 3.5 (4.31) (P = 0.025). There was no significant change in the frequency of defaecation nor in the ability to defer defaecation. @entity1 in the daily group experienced a significant improvement in the domains of lifestyle [2.2 (1.7) to 2.6 (1.65), P = 0.04] and embarrassment [1.7 (0.85) to 2.15 (0.4), P = 0.04] on the Rockwood Fecal Incontinence Quality of Life assessment. No adverse events were reported. CONCLUSION: Transcutaneous PTNS can safely be used by the @entity1 at home. Daily treatment may be more effective than twice weekly treatment. Larger studies are needed to investigate this further.

title: A pilot study to compare daily with twice weekly transcutaneous posterior tibial nerve stimulation for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['faecal incontinence']

answer: @entity322 :: (MESH:D014549,Disease) :: ['faecal incontinence']


abstract: Regional variations in left ventricular contractility and myocardial perfusion are frequent in @entity1000 and might result from an increase in left ventricular wall stress responsible for regional wall motion abnormalities. The aim of the study was to perform radionuclide studies in @entity1 with @entity1000 to assess regional left ventricular wall motion and myocardial perfusion abnormalities in this @entity296 . We studied 29 @entity1 referred with @entity1000 and normal coronary angiograms. Rest radionuclide left ventriculography and exercise thallium-201 tomography were performed in all @entity1 . The thallium-201 tomograms were divided into 20 segments for each @entity1 . Mean left ventricular ejection fraction was 27 +/- 11%; 17 @entity1 had diffuse @entity2845 (mean left ventricular ejection fraction: 24 +/- 9%) and 12 @entity1 had predominant regional @entity2845 (mean left ventricular ejection fraction: 32 +/- 12%). Of all 580 tomographic segments, 186 had a reduction of @entity3154 uptake at exercise. Among them, reversibility was found in 53%. On the whole, 68% (158/232) of anterior, inferior and apical segments had a perfusion abnormality, compared with 8% (28/348) of septal and lateral segments (P < 0.0001). Left ventricular wall motion and myocardial perfusion abnormalities are heterogeneous and not evenly distributed in @entity384 . The alterations are predominant on the myocardial regions delineating the antero-posterior axis of the left ventricle. These findings suggest the possible role of increased left ventricular wall stress on this axis.

title: Radionuclide assessment of regional differences in left ventricular wall motion and myocardial perfusion in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial disease']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['dilated cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity2845 :: ('MESH:D018476', 'Disease') :: ['hypokinesia']

entities_list: @entity1000 :: ('MESH:C536277', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy']

answer: @entity1000 :: (MESH:C536277,Disease) :: ['idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity881 ( @entity881 ) and the resulting @entity881 ( @entity881 ) following severe @entity130 are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Due to @entity3137 and gut barrier disorders, the intestine contributes decisively to how post-traumatic @entity881 develops. As mild @entity2332 has been found to have protective effects on post-traumatic organ injuries, we analysed its effects on the intestine. METHODS: In a porcine model, Forty @entity1707 were assigned to four groups: sham or @entity130 groups each with two sub-groups receiving either @entity2332 or normothermia. The @entity130 was a combined @entity130 of blunt @entity764 , @entity409 and @entity548 . Functional enterocyte mass and enterocyte @entity39 were evaluated by measuring plasma @entity7792 and @entity49224 . Mucosal lesions were assessed using a semi-quantitative histological scoring system. RESULTS: In normothermic @entity130 animals, @entity7792 decreased significantly compared to both sham groups and to the hypothermic @entity130 group. However, @entity7792 levels did not differ significantly between the hypothermic @entity130 group and the hypothermic sham group. Although histological analysis demonstrated @entity4 in the ileal mucosa of all @entity130 animals, the semi-quantitative score of the group treated with @entity2332 was comparable to that of the hypothermic sham group. However, the score was significantly elevated in normothermic @entity130 animals in comparison to sham and hypothermic @entity130 animals. CONCLUSION: Induced @entity2332 preserves the functional enterocyte mass after severe @entity130 . Therefore induced @entity2332 might represent a therapeutic strategy to avoid posttraumatic organ dysfunction, although further studies regarding the safety and long-term effects are required. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level III; therapeutic study.

title: Induced XXXX Preserves the Functional Enterocyte Mass in A Porcine Multiple Trauma Model: Retracted.

entities_list: @entity7792 :: ('CHEBI:16349', 'Chemical') :: ['citrulline']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['haemorrhagic shock']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['subepithelial lifting and mucosal oedema']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver laceration']

entities_list: @entity764 :: ('MESH:D013898', 'Disease') :: ['chest trauma']

entities_list: @entity881 :: ('MESH:D009102', 'Disease') :: ['MOF', 'Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome', 'multiple organ failure', 'MODS']

entities_list: @entity3137 :: ('MESH:D009059', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal mucosal lesions']

entities_list: @entity2332 :: ('MESH:D007035', 'Disease') :: ['therapeutic hypothermia', 'hypothermia']

answer: @entity2332 :: (MESH:D007035,Disease) :: ['Hypothermia']


abstract: We report two cases of severe @entity8193 due to massive @entity2449 ingestion. The first case was a 37-year-old @entity1 who was discovered several hours after ingesting 45 g of @entity2449 . He had severe @entity8193 (blood pH 6.81, @entity3157 4 mEq/L, @entity880 25.7 mEq/L). Despite intravenous @entity3157 therapy, he decompensated and was placed on a combination of hemodialysis and charcoal hemoperfusion for a continuous time of 25 hours. His hospital course was complicated by @entity810 requiring a period of intermittent hemodialysis. He has since made a complete recovery. The second case was a 53-year-old @entity1 who ingested 50 g of @entity2449 . He also presented with severe @entity8193 (blood pH 6.85, @entity3157 3 mEq/L and @entity880 28.4 mEq/L) and deteriorated despite intravenous @entity3157 therapy. He was placed on hemodialysis as a continuous therapy for 21 hours. His hospital course was complicated by @entity810 requiring a period of intermittent hemodialysis. He has subsequently made a complete recovery. @entity2449 -associated @entity8193 carries a high mortality rate. Prolonged hemodialysis should be considered as an early treatment option in these cases.

title: Severe XXXX treated with prolonged hemodialysis: recovery after massive overdoses of @entity2449 .

entities_list: @entity3157 :: ('CHEBI:17544', 'Chemical') :: ['bicarbonate']

entities_list: @entity8193 :: ('MESH:D000140', 'Disease') :: ['lactic acidosis']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['acute renal failure']

entities_list: @entity2449 :: ('MESH:D008687', 'Chemical') :: ['Metformin', 'metformin']

answer: @entity8193 :: (MESH:D000140,Disease) :: ['lactic acidosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the inter-rater reliability of nasal endoscopic findings and the feasibility of diagnosis of @entity2023 based solely on symptoms and nasal endoscopy. DESIGN: Prospective observational study SETTING: University Teaching hospital @entity1 : One hundred and eight @entity1 were referred from the @entity566 clinic included in the study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Predictive value of symptoms and nasal endoscopic examination to diagnose @entity2023 and interrater reliability of the examination was evaluated. RESULTS: Logistic regression analysis of @entity1 symptoms and nasal examination findings revealed no significant predictive power for any of the symptoms or examination findings. The Fleiss k coefficient of the three raters was calculated. Inter-rater variability among the three physicians demonstrated that mucosal @entity4 (k = 0,48, p < 0.001), polypoid degeneration of the inferior turbinate tail (k = 0.48, p = 0.01), @entity480 (k = 0.96, p < 0.001), and @entity5381 (k = 0.65, p = 0.01) showed significant inter-rater agreement. A low k coefficient (0.29) was found, and the inter-rater variability among physicians in interpreting the characteristics of nasal secretions was significant (p = 0.04). The inter-rater variability among the three physicians suggested that turbinate @entity1184 (k = 0.31) and turbinate color (k = 0.38) showed no significant inter-rater agreement. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 symptoms and nasal endoscopy findings do not provide reliable diagnosis of @entity2023 . Turbinate color and @entity1184 are believed to be related to @entity2023 ; however, these were subject to marked inter-rater variability in this study. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Diagnosis of XXXX : inter-rater reliability and predictive value of nasal endoscopic examination: a prospective observational study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity2023 :: ('MESH:D006255', 'Disease') :: ['allergic rhinitis']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity5381 :: ('MESH:D061270', 'Disease') :: ['nasal septal deviation']

entities_list: @entity480 :: ('MESH:D009298', 'Disease') :: ['nasal polyps']

answer: @entity2023 :: (MESH:D006255,Disease) :: ['allergic rhinitis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The concomitance of vitreous/ @entity548 ( @entity751 ; @entity1950 ) and @entity510 ( @entity510 ) is commonly underestimated. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of @entity1950 and to identify parameters that predispose its development, indicate the severity of the underlying disease, and predict outcome. METHODS: Sixty consecutive @entity1 suffering from @entity510 were included in this study. The admitting Glasgow Coma Scale scores (GCS), Hunt _ Hess (H_H) and Fisher grades were documented. All @entity1 were ophthalmologically examined. The outcome at discharge was estimated using the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS). RESULTS: Of the 60 @entity1 admitted for @entity510 , eleven (18.3%) displayed @entity1950 within 24h after @entity1756 . Statistical analysis revealed a significant relation between @entity1950 and either high Fisher- (3.0 vs. 2.32; p=0.008) or H_H- (4.09 vs. 2.69; p=0.001) and low GCS- (5.55 vs. 12.87; p<0.001) scores. Compared with the non- @entity1950 group, @entity1 with @entity1950 displayed generally worse outcomes (mean GOS 2.09 vs. 3.53; p=0.007), including a significantly higher mortality (36.4 vs. 10.2%; p=0.028). CONCLUSION: @entity751 is likely to occur in severe @entity510 with poor admission scores and indicates a worse functional outcome. An ophthalmological examination is strongly recommended in @entity510 @entity1 with poor admission scores.

title: Terson XXXX in @entity1 suffering @entity510 : a prospective analysis of 60 consecutive @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['subhyaloid haemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage', 'aSAH']

entities_list: @entity751 :: ('MESH:D013577', 'Disease') :: ['Terson syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1756 :: ('MESH:D017542', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm rupture']

answer: @entity548 :: (MESH:D006470,Disease) :: ['haemorrhage']


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of an autologous vein-covered stent (AVCS) to prevent @entity850 in a porcine @entity5273 ( @entity5273 ) model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity5273 were created with an AVCS in 12 healthy domestic @entity1707 and with a bare stent in 10 additional @entity1707 . Tissue response was compared with use of venography, histology, and computerized morphometry analysis 2 weeks after implantation. Differences between AVCS and noncovered stents (established by a t-test), as well as regional differences within a single stent (established by an f test), were considered significant at P <.05. RESULTS: Twenty of 22 @entity5273 procedures were technically successful. Ten of 12 shunts with an AVCS (83%) and two of 10 with bare stents (20%) remained patent (<50% diameter narrowing) at euthanasia 2 weeks later (P <.01). Histologic evaluation of harvested bare stents showed marked @entity1373 ( @entity1373 ), composed of smooth muscle cells, myofibroblasts, and fibroblasts. In contrast, the AVCS were remarkably free of @entity1373 and @entity715 . In patent @entity5273 in both groups, endothelial coverage of the luminal surface was present histologically. @entity1373 accounted for 57% (26.27/45.79) of total stent cross-sectional lumen area in the control group and 21% (8.34/39.54) in the AVCS group (P <.01), with no intrashunt differences (P >.05). CONCLUSION: Based on short-term follow-up, AVCS significantly improved @entity5273 patency by prevention of both @entity1373 and in-stent @entity715 . @entity5273 created with an AVCS was feasible and safe in our porcine model.

title: Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt with an autologous vein-covered stent: results in a XXXX model.

entities_list: @entity1373 :: ('MESH:D006965', 'Disease') :: ['IH', 'intimal hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity5273 :: ('MESH:C562830', 'Disease') :: ['TIPS', 'transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thromboses', 'thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['shunt stenosis']

answer: @entity1707 :: (9823,Species) :: ['swine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression by binding to mRNA, and can function as oncogenes or @entity5 suppressors depending on the target. In this study, using qRT-PCR, we examined the expression of six miRNAs ( @entity10017 , @entity15742 , miR-92a, miR-101, @entity20591 and @entity3373 ) in @entity5 from 193 prospectively recruited @entity1 with @entity14 , and associations with clinicopathological parameters and @entity1 outcome were analyzed. The miRNAs were chosen based on previous studies for their biomarker potential and suggested biological relevance in @entity14 . METHODS: The miRNA expression was examined by qRT-PCR. Associations between miRNA expression and clinicopathological variables were explored using Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis test while survival was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared using the log-rank test. RESULTS: MiR-101 was hardly expressed in the @entity5 samples, while for the other miRNAs, variable expression levels and expression ranges were observed, with @entity10017 being most abundantly expressed relative to the reference ( @entity51382 ). In our study cohort, major clinical significance was demonstrated only for @entity15742 , as high expression was associated with advanced @entity5 stage and poor differentiation. No significant associations were found between expression of the investigated miRNAs and metastasis-free or overall survival. CONCLUSIONS: Investigating the expression of six miRNAs previously identified as candidate biomarkers in @entity14 , few clinically relevant associations were detected in our @entity1 cohort. Our results emphasize the importance of validating potential @entity5 markers in independent @entity1 cohorts, and indicate that the role of miRNAs as @entity14 biomarkers is still undetermined.

title: Clinical relevance of microRNA @entity10017 , @entity15742 , miR-92a, miR-101, @entity20591 and XXXX in @entity14 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity3373 :: (406937,Gene) :: ['miR-145']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: @entity1 on @entity64 units have better outcomes but it is not known why. We investigated the process of care on a @entity64 unit, an elderly care unit and a general medical ward. METHODS: Comparison of the three settings was by non- @entity1 observation of 12 @entity1 in each. Data were analysed using multi-level modelling methods. RESULTS: @entity64 unit @entity1 spent more time out of bed and out of their bay or room, and had more opportunities for independence than @entity1 on the medical ward. There were more observed attempts on the @entity64 unit than on the general medical ward to interact with drowsy, cognitively- or @entity73 @entity1 . @entity64 unit @entity1 spent more time with visitors. Most of these aspects of care were also found on the elderly care unit, where @entity1 also spent less time asleep or 'disengaged', more time interacting with nurses, and were given appropriate help more often than those elsewhere. @entity64 unit @entity1 received less eye contact, were ignored and treated in a dehumanizing way more frequently and had more negative interactions or activities than those elsewhere. CONCLUSIONS: We have identified some aspects of the process of care which may help explain the improved outcomes on @entity64 units. These aspects were also observed in the elderly care unit.

title: Observing the process of care: a XXXX unit, elderly care unit and general medical ward compared.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'participant']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['speech-impaired']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'Stroke']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['stroke']


abstract: PURPOSE: To improve the outcome of @entity1 with locally advanced inoperable @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ), we conducted a pilot trial of concurrent chemoradiation therapy using a @entity900 and oral @entity2879 regimen given concurrently with hyperfractionated radiation therapy. METHODS AND MATERIALS: In this single-institution pilot trial, we enrolled 23 @entity1 with inoperable Stage IIIa (4) and IIIb (19) @entity1149 . Treatment consisted of two cycles of chemotherapy with oral @entity2879 50 mg one day alternating with 50 mg b.i.d. (50 mg/day if BSA is < 1.70 m2) on days 1-21 and intravenous @entity900 (40 mg/m2) on days 1 and 8 of a 28-day cycle. Radiation therapy was given twice a day (1.2 Gy per fraction), 5 days a week, to a total dose of 69.6 Gy in 58 fractions over 6 weeks. RESULTS: Overall, 18 (78%) of the 23 @entity1 completed the chemotherapy as planned and 21 (91%) received @entity1514 irradiation per protocol. One @entity1 died of radiation @entity55 . Fourteen (78%) of 18 evaluable @entity1 achieved objective responses. The median survival duration was 9.3 months for all @entity1 and 20.2 months for 15 @entity1 who had no more than 5% weight loss. After a minimum follow-up of 5 years, five @entity1 (1 IIIa, 4 IIIb) are still alive and disease-free, which gives an actual 5-year survival rate of 22%. Four of the five 5-year survivors were among those who completed the treatment as planned. CONCLUSION: This long-term survival outcome compares favorably with that of other chemoradiation therapy trials and even with those reported in multimodality trials including surgery. These results suggest that intensive concurrent chemoradiation therapy is feasible, and some @entity1 with locally advanced inoperable @entity1149 may enjoy long-term survivorship following nonsurgical therapy.

title: A pilot trial of hyperfractionated XXXX radiation therapy with concurrent @entity900 and oral @entity2879 for locally advanced inoperable @entity1149 : a 5-year follow-up report.

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonitis']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity2879 :: ('MESH:D005047', 'Chemical') :: ['etoposide']

answer: @entity1514 :: (MESH:D013896,Disease) :: ['thoracic']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Remote magnetic navigation (RMN) aims to reduce some inherent limitations of manual radiofrequency (RF) ablation. However, data comparing the effectiveness of both methods are scarce. This study evaluated the acute and long-term success of RMN guided versus manual RF ablation in @entity1 with @entity63 sustained @entity1165 (sVT). METHODS: One hundred two consecutive @entity1 (age 68    10 years, LVEF 32    12%, 88 @entity1 ) with @entity63 sVT were ablated with RMN (Stereotaxis; 49%) or manually (51%) using substrate and/or activation mapping (Carto) and open-irrigated-tip catheters. All received implantable defibrillators or loop recorders. Acute success was defined as noninducibility of any sVT at the end of the ablation procedure and long-term success as freedom from VT upon follow-up. RESULTS: There was no difference in the baseline characteristics between the groups. Three @entity1 died in hospital. Acute success rate was similar for RMN and manual ablation (82% vs 71%, P = 0.246). RMN was associated with significantly shorter fluoroscopy time (13    12 minutes vs 32    17 minutes, P = 0.0001) and RF time (2337.59    1248.22 seconds vs 1589.95    1047.42 seconds, P = 0.049), although total procedure time was similar (157    40 minutes vs 148    50 minutes, P = 0.42). There was a nonsignificant trend toward better long-term success in RMN group: after a median of 13 (range 1-34) months, 63% in the RMN and 53% in the manual ablation group were free from VT recurrence (P = 0.206). CONCLUSION: RMN guided RF ablation of @entity63 sustained VT is equally efficient compared with manual ablation in terms of acute and long-term success rate. These results are achieved with a significantly reduced fluoroscopy time and shorter RF time.

title: Long-term efficacy of single procedure remote magnetic catheter navigation for ablation of XXXX @entity1165 : a retrospective study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['ischemic']


abstract: @entity18368 is thought to have a low risk for cognitive morbidity. Nonetheless, recent research suggests that some @entity1 experience declines in memory and language and that pallidal stimulation might be a safer treatment for @entity191 ( @entity191 ). We investigated the neurobehavioral effects of unilateral pallidal stimulation. Nine consecutive @entity191 @entity1 undergoing unilateral deep brain-stimulating electrode implantation in the globus pallidus interna were evaluated with a neuropsychological test battery approximately 1 month before and 3 months after surgery. @entity1 reported significantly fewer symptoms of @entity148 and greater vigor after surgery. There was a trend toward fewer @entity308 . Semantic verbal fluency and visuoconstructional test scores declined significantly after surgery. However, among five @entity1 showing declines in semantic verbal fluency, only one @entity1 's score declined by more than 2 SD. No @entity1 showed significant decline or improvement in the overall level of cognitive functioning. This study supports the relative safety, in terms of cognitive function, of unilateral pallidal stimulation in @entity191 .

title: Unilateral pallidal stimulation for XXXX : neurobehavioral functioning before and 3 months after electrode implantation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive symptoms']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease", 'PD']

entities_list: @entity18368 :: ('MESH:C567079', 'Disease') :: ['Unilateral pallidotomy']

answer: @entity191 :: (MESH:D010300,Disease) :: ['Parkinson's disease']


abstract: In this study, a microemulsion system was evaluated for delivery of @entity1138 ( @entity1139 ). To track the distribution of the formulated drug after intravenous administration, radiochemical labeling and gamma scintigraphy imaging were used. The aim was to evaluate a microemulsion system for intravenous delivery of @entity1139 and to compare its in vivo behavior with that of the @entity1139 solution. For microemulsion formulation, @entity1460 oil was used as the oil phase. Lecithin and @entity9266 were surfactants and @entity1068 was the cosurfactant. To understand the whole body localization of @entity1139 -loaded microemulsion, @entity1139 was labeled with radioactive @entity1136 and gamma scintigraphy was applied for visualization of drug distribution. Radioactivity in the bladder 30 minutes after injection of the @entity1139 solution was observed, according to static gamma camera images. This shows that urinary excretion of the latter starts very soon. On the other hand, no radioactivity appeared in the urinary bladder during the 90 minutes following the administration of @entity1139 -loaded microemulsion. The unabated radioactivity in the liver during the experiment shows that the localization of microemulsion formulation in the liver is stable. In the light of the foregoing, it is suggested that this microemulsion formulation may be an appropriate carrier system for anticancer agents by intravenous delivery in @entity96 chemotherapy.

title: Determination of in vivo behavior of XXXX -loaded o/w @entity1460 oil microemulsion and @entity1138 solution via gamma camera imaging.

entities_list: @entity1136 :: ('MESH:D013667', 'Chemical') :: ['technetium']

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity1138 :: ('MESH:D016685', 'Chemical') :: ['mitomycin C']

answer: @entity1138 :: (MESH:D016685,Chemical) :: ['mitomycin C']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Radiotherapy of thoracic and @entity5 increases the long-term risk of radiation-induced @entity299 , like a @entity583 . @entity5 @entity1 commonly have additional risk factors for @entity65 , such as @entity1007 . The goal of this study is to define the interaction of irradiation with such cardiovascular risk factors in radiation-induced damage to the heart and coronary arteries. MATERIAL AND METHODS: @entity753 and @entity731 -prone @entity6970 (-/-) @entity19 received local heart irradiation with a single dose of 0, 2, 8 or 16 Gy. Histopathological changes, microvascular damage and functional alterations were assessed after 20 and 40 weeks. RESULTS: Inflammatory cells were significantly increased in the left ventricular myocardium at 20 and 40 weeks after 8 and 16 Gy. Microvascular density decreased at both follow-up time-points after 8 and 16 Gy. Remaining vessels had decreased alkaline phosphatase activity (2-16 Gy) and @entity2880 Factor expression (16 Gy), indicative of endothelial cell damage. The endocardium was extensively damaged after 16 Gy, with foam cell accumulations at 20 weeks, and @entity82 and protein leakage at 40 weeks. Despite an accelerated @entity453 development at 20 weeks after 16 Gy, gated SPECT and ultrasound measurements showed only minor changes in functional cardiac parameters at 20 weeks. CONCLUSIONS: The combination of @entity1007 and local cardiac irradiation induced an inflammatory response, microvascular and endocardial damage, and accelerated the development of @entity453 . Despite these pronounced effects, cardiac function of @entity6970 (-/-) @entity19 was maintained.

title: Local heart irradiation of @entity6970 (-/-) XXXX induces microvascular and endocardial damage and accelerates @entity453 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity753 :: ('OMIM:143890', 'Disease') :: ['Hypercholesterolemic']

entities_list: @entity1007 :: ('MESH:D006937', 'Disease') :: ['hypercholesterolemia']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['chest-wall tumors', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity2880 :: ('MESH:D014842', 'Disease') :: ['increased von Willebrand']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary atherosclerosis', 'coronary atherosclerotic lesion']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart disease']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarct']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: During pregnancy, @entity3964 @entity281 of the placenta frequently occurs in the absence of parasites in peripheral blood. We investigated the abilities of the OptiMAL rapid immunochromatographic strip test for @entity3964 @entity880 dehydrogenase and species-specific PCR performed on peripheral blood to detect @entity281 or @entity311 -associated low birth weight. Of 509 Malawian @entity1 screened by microscopy, 76 had @entity281 . Among these 509 @entity1 , the frequency of peripheral @entity1503 was low. The OptiMAL test gave positive results in 37 of 171 @entity1 tested (one of whom had placental but not peripheral @entity1503 ) and had sensitivities of 71% for peripheral @entity5895 and 38% for placental @entity5895 compared to the microscopy values. The specificity for peripheral @entity5895 was 94%. In 135 @entity1 , PCR had sensitivities of 94% for peripheral blood @entity311 detected by microscopy and 72% for @entity281 . In samples examined by PCR, the prevalence of @entity311 in peripheral blood increased from 26.7% by microscopy to 51.9%. @entity1 with placental @entity311 and @entity1 with @entity311 in peripheral blood samples by microscopy or OptiMAL testing, but not @entity1 with @entity311 detected only by PCR, had lower-birth-weight babies than did @entity1 without @entity311 by these criteria. Positive results by PCR in the absence of microscopic @entity5895 were not associated with low birth weight. Neither OptiMAL nor PCR testing of peripheral blood is adequately sensitive to detect all placental @entity281 , but a positive result by OptiMAL testing identifies @entity1 with a high proportion of low-birth-weight babies.

title: Evaluation of the OptiMAL rapid antigen test and species-specific PCR to detect placental @entity3964 XXXX at delivery.

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['blood parasitemia']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection', 'malaria infection', 'placental infection']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity5895 :: ('MESH:D018512', 'Disease') :: ['parasitemia']

entities_list: @entity3964 :: ('5833', 'Species') :: ['P. falciparum', 'Plasmodium falciparum']

answer: @entity281 :: (MESH:D007239,Disease) :: ['infection']


abstract: In a pilot study 38 @entity1 with lateral @entity34129 were randomly allocated to two treatment groups. Group S (stretching) was treated with a contract-relax-stretching program while group E (eccentric exercise) underwent an eccentric exercise program. Both groups also received forearm bands and wrist support nightly. The programs were carried out daily at home during 12 weeks. Evaluation before and 3, 6 and 12 months after treatment, included subjective assessment of symptoms using visual analogue scales and grip strength measurements. Thirty-five @entity1 were available for follow-up. Five @entity1 , three in group S and two in group E, did not complete the programs due to increased @entity158 while 30 (86%) reported complete recovery or improvement. Reduced @entity158 and increased grip strength were seen in both treatment groups but 12 out of 17 @entity1 (71%) in group E rated themselves as completely recovered as compared to 7 out of 18 (39%) in group S (P=0.09), and in group E the increase in grip strength after 6 months was statistically significantly larger than in group S. In a second study the eccentric training regime was used in a consecutive series of 129 @entity1 with @entity5251 . The @entity1 were divided into two groups with one group consisting of @entity1 with less than one year duration of symptoms and the other comprised @entity1 with a duration of symptoms for more than one year. The results of treatment were evaluated in the same way as in the pilot study, and also after 3.4 years using the scoring system by Verhaar et al. At the end of the treatment period statistically significant improvements were seen in all VAS recordings and in grip strength. After 3.4 years 38% had excellent, 28% good, 25% fair and 9% poor results according to the score. In the self-rated outcome 54% regarded themselves as completely recovered, 43% improved, 2% unchanged and 2% worse. No significant differences were seen between @entity1 with a duration of symptoms for more than one year compared to @entity1 with symptoms for less than one year. The eccentric training regime can considerably reduce symptoms in a majority of @entity1 with lateral @entity34129 , regardless of duration, and is possibly superior to conventional stretching.

title: Non-operative treatment regime including eccentric training for lateral XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5251 :: ('MESH:D010509', 'Disease') :: ['lateral epicondylalgia']

entities_list: @entity34129 :: ('MESH:D006810', 'Disease') :: ['humeral epicondylalgia']

answer: @entity34129 :: (MESH:D006810,Disease) :: ['humeral epicondylalgia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship of serum adipocyte @entity844 binding protein ( @entity5548 ) level with sex hormone and lipoprotein in @entity1 with @entity3610 ( @entity3610 ). METHODS: Peripheral blood samples were collected from 29 out- @entity1 of @entity3610 @entity1 , aged 31 +/- 3 with a body mass index (BMI) of (26 +/- 4) kg/m2, and 14 out- @entity1 of @entity249 , aged (31 +/- 3), with a BMI of (21 +/- 2) kg/m2 as normal controls. ELISA was used to detect the serum @entity5548 . Serum prolactin, follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, @entity53 , and @entity251 were assayed by chemoluminescence method. Serum @entity2671 was assayed by radioimmunity method. And @entity1674 , total @entity165 , high density lipoprotein (HDL-C), and low density lipoprotein @entity165 (LDL-C) were measured by automatic biochemistry analyzer. The relations of @entity5548 with sex hormone and lipoprotein in @entity1 with @entity3610 were analyzed. RESULTS: The @entity5548 level of the @entity3610 @entity1 was (24 +/- 15) ng/ml, significantly higher than that of the controls (9 ng/ml +/- 8 ng/ml, P = 0.000). There were no significant differences in serum prolactin, follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, @entity53 , and @entity251 between the 2 groups. Univariate analysis revealed that serum @entity5548 level was significantly positively correlated with BMI (r = 0.621, P = 0.000) and @entity251 (r = 0.658, P = 0.016), and significantly negatively correlated with HDL-C (r = -0.331, P = 0.030). Partial correlation analysis showed that serum @entity5548 level was significantly positively correlated with @entity251 (r = 0.507, P = 0.008). CONCLUSION: The increase of serum @entity5548 in the @entity3610 @entity1 may be correlated with the high @entity342 level. @entity5548 is likely to participate in the lipid metabolic.

title: [Relations of serum adipocyte @entity844 binding protein to sex hormone and lipoproteins in XXXX with @entity3610 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity844 :: ('CHEBI:35366', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity3610 :: ('MESH:D011085', 'Disease') :: ['polycystic ovary syndrome', 'PCOS']

entities_list: @entity249 :: ('MESH:D007246', 'Disease') :: ['infertility']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['estradiol']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen']

entities_list: @entity2671 :: ('MESH:D000735', 'Chemical') :: ['androstenedione']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']