abstract: The main source of @entity8573 in Romania is insufficiently cooked pork infected with @entity8416 . Timis, the largest Romanian county, is located in the western part of the country where pork and traditional food prepared from pork are extensively consumed. The objective of the present study was to conduct a retrospective investigation of the incidence of @entity1 @entity8573 in Timis County over a period of 16 years (1990-2005). The medical records of 521 @entity1 were used as the source of data. @entity1 were hospitalized at Victor Babes Hospital of Infectious Diseases from Timisoara during the period 1990-2005. The highest number of cases was recorded in 1994 (16.90%) and most of the @entity1 were in the age group of 20-29 (23.22%). Males and females were almost equally affected by @entity8573 . The clinical pattern was mainly characterised by @entity925 (72.55%) and @entity4 (54.12%). Laboratory investigations included mainly elevated eosinophil and leucocyte values. In 52.02% of the @entity1 , the hospitalization period ranged between 8 and 14 days. Most of the @entity1 were from urban areas, but often the source of @entity281 was found in rural areas. Hospitalization of the affected @entity1 required considerable health care resources. The decreasing incidence of @entity8573 in Romania over the last decade has been due to sanitary education programmes for both @entity1707 breeders and consumers.

title: Epidemiological and diagnostic findings during a 16-year-long XXXX surveillance in Timis County, Romania.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'human']

entities_list: @entity8416 :: ('6334', 'Species') :: ['Trichinella spiralis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity8573 :: ('MESH:D014235', 'Disease') :: ['trichinellosis']

answer: @entity8573 :: (MESH:D014235,Disease) :: ['trichinellosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity883 , caused by group A beta-hemolytic streptococci (GABHS), is among the most common @entity281 seen by primary care physicians. Because the illness can result in @entity4789 , early eradication of @entity281 is important. @entity114 has been the standard treatment for GABHS @entity7551 for over four decades, but reports of bacteriologic failure with this drug in recent years have led to trials of alternative antimicrobials. METHODS: In this investigator-blind, randomized multicenter trial (30 centers), oral @entity4581 , 250 mg twice daily, or oral @entity11121 , 250 mg three times daily, was given to outpatients > or = 12 years old with GABHS @entity7551 as documented by positive cultures for @entity4195 and positive rapid immunoassay tests. The clinical and bacteriologic efficacy of @entity4581 was compared with that of @entity114 in the 356 evaluable @entity1 . Safety analysis was performed in all @entity1 who had received at least one dose of the study drug (N = 453). RESULTS: Overall, clinical outcomes were comparable in the two groups. However, more @entity4581 -treated @entity1 than @entity114 -treated @entity1 had resolution of sore throat (94% vs 86%, P = .014) and disappearance of pharyngeal erythema and exudate (89% vs 82%, P = .05). Bacteriologic cure rates were higher in @entity4581 -treated @entity1 (95% vs 87%, P = .009). No serious adverse events were observed in either group. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that @entity4581 twice daily is as effective and as well tolerated as @entity114 in the treatment of @entity883 .

title: @entity4581 vs @entity114 in the treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity4789 :: ('MESH:D012213', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatic fever']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity883 :: ('MESH:D013290', 'Disease') :: ['streptococcal pharyngitis', 'Streptococcal pharyngitis']

entities_list: @entity7551 :: ('MESH:D010612', 'Disease') :: ['pharyngitis']

entities_list: @entity114 :: ('MESH:D010406', 'Chemical') :: ['penicillin', 'Penicillin']

entities_list: @entity4581 :: ('MESH:D017291', 'Chemical') :: ['clarithromycin']

entities_list: @entity4195 :: ('1314', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus pyogenes']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection', 'infections']

entities_list: @entity11121 :: ('MESH:D010404', 'Chemical') :: ['penicillin VK']

answer: @entity883 :: (MESH:D013290,Disease) :: ['streptococcal pharyngitis']


abstract: Objective. Potential interactions between herbal extracts and the @entity12325 ( @entity12325 ) system lead to serious adverse events or decreased drug efficacy. Rhus verniciflua stoke (RVS) and its constituents have been reported to have various pharmacological properties. We evaluated the inhibitory potential of RVS and its constituents on the major @entity12325 isoforms. Methods. The effects of allergen removed RVS (aRVS) standardized extract and major components, fustin and @entity16957 isolated from aRVS, were evaluated on @entity4914 , @entity5060 , @entity4433 , @entity5320 , and @entity5322 isoenzyme activity by a luminescent @entity12325 recombinant @entity1 enzyme assay. Results. The aRVS extract showed relative potent inhibitory effects on the @entity5060 (IC50, <0.001    g/mL), @entity4433 (IC50, 9.68    g/mL), and @entity4914 (IC50, 10.0    g/mL). However, it showed weak inhibition on @entity5322 and @entity5320 . Fustin showed moderate inhibitory effects on the @entity4433 (IC50, 64.3    g/mL) and weak inhibition of the other @entity12325 isoforms similar to aRVS. @entity16957 showed potent inhibitory effects on @entity5060 , @entity4433 , and @entity4914 . @entity16957 showed moderate inhibition of @entity5320 and weak inhibition of @entity5322 . Conclusions. These results indicate that aRVS, a clinically available herbal medicine, could contribute to herb-drug interactions when orally coadministered with drugs metabolized by @entity5060 , @entity4433 , and @entity4914 .

title: Inhibition of @entity1 XXXX Enzymes by Allergen Removed Rhus verniciflua Stoke Standardized Extract and Constituents.

entities_list: @entity16957 :: ('MESH:C017875', 'Chemical') :: ['fisetin', 'Fisetin']

answer: @entity12325 :: (4051,Gene) :: ['Cytochrome P450']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity2946 ( @entity2946 ) is one of the most common malignant @entity1313 in @entity1 . It is a radiosensitive @entity5 . At 5 years after radical surgical excision and @entity2270 irradiation, the @entity5 -free survival rate is from 50 to 70% [Halperin EC, Constine LS, Tarbell NJ, Kun LE. Pediatric radiation oncology (2005)]. CASE REPORT: In this study, we established xenotransplanted @entity1 @entity2946 (hMB) cells - isochromosome 17q - in a @entity466 ( @entity466 ) @entity19 model. We further transduced green fluorescent protein (GFP) into hMB cells to evaluate these hMB cells grafted in @entity466 @entity19 . RESULTS: The result of an ex vivo GFP imaging system showed that a small lesion of the third-week-hMB-transplanted graft presented "green" signals with a clear @entity5 margin before any @entity5 -related symptoms were noted. We also demonstrated that the @entity5 progression could be monitored by GFP imaging for up to 12 weeks post-transplantation. CONCLUSIONS: This novel approach of GFP imaging assessment provides more accurate information of @entity5 status for experimental @entity1313 studies. Because @entity2946 is sensitive to radiation and also response to chemotherapy, this @entity466 @entity19 model will be helpful for preclinical studies in the future.

title: Monitoring the growth effect of xenotransplanted @entity1 @entity2946 in an immunocompromised XXXX model using in vitro and ex vivo green fluorescent protein imaging.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'human']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['brain tumor', 'brain tumors']

entities_list: @entity2270 :: ('MESH:C566610', 'Disease') :: ['craniospinal axis']

entities_list: @entity2946 :: ('MESH:D008527', 'Disease') :: ['Medulloblastoma', 'MB']

entities_list: @entity466 :: ('MESH:D016511', 'Disease') :: ['SCID', 'severe combined immunodeficiency']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 with @entity161 are abnormally disturbed by information onsets, which may result in a disadvantage in filtering relevant information. The paradigm of change @entity1939 offers the interesting possibility of studying sensitivity to the @entity227 with ecological stimuli in @entity161 . An increased attentional capture by the irruption of @entity227 would suggest better performance in @entity1 than in healthy controls. This approach has the advantage of circumventing a non-specific general attentional deficit in @entity161 . METHODS: Sixteen @entity1 with @entity161 and 16 healthy controls were asked to detect changes in 99 scenes with 0, 1 or 3 changes. We measured the @entity1 ' speed and accuracy in explicitly reporting the changes via motor responses and their capacity to implicitly detect changes via eye movements. RESULTS: Although the controls were faster and more efficient in explicitly reporting changes, the @entity1 ' eyes shifted more quickly toward the changes. Regardless of the group, increasing the magnitude of change improved the performance. CONCLUSIONS: The better capacity of the @entity1 to shift their eyes toward changes confirmed the capture by the @entity227 in @entity161 while avoiding the effects of general attentional deficits. However, the striking dissociation between this implicit response and the capacity to explicitly report changes could be interpreted as a deficit in access to conscious perception.

title: Dissociation of explicit and implicit responses during a XXXX in @entity161 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1939 :: ('MESH:D001766', 'Disease') :: ['blindness']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['sudden irruption of visual information', 'visual information']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

answer: @entity1939 :: (MESH:D001766,Disease) :: ['change blindness task']


abstract: @entity880 and the other @entity3338 are a major energy source for the developing brain. We investigated the immunocytochemical expression of two @entity3338 transporters, @entity3195 and @entity3341 , in the @entity1 visual cortex between 13 and 26 post-ovulatory weeks. We used immunoperoxidase and immunofluorescence techniques to determine whether these transporters co-localized with markers for blood vessels ( @entity2280 ), neurons ( @entity14383 [ @entity14383 ], SMI 311), radial glia ( @entity2277 ), or astrocytes (glial fibrillary acidic protein [GFAP], @entity4483 protein). @entity3195 immunoreactivity was visible in blood vessel walls as early as the 13th week of gestation mainly in the cortical plate and subplate. At this stage, less than 10% of vessels in the ventricular layer expressed @entity3195 , whereas all blood vessels walls showed this immunoreactivity at the 26th gestational week. Starting at the 19th week of gestation, sparse @entity3195 positive cell bodies were detected, some of them co-localized with @entity14383 immunoreactivity. @entity3341 immunoreactivity was noted in astrocytic cell bodies from week 19 and spread subsequently to the astrocyte end-feet in contact with blood vessels. MCTs immunoreactivities were most marked in the subplate and deep cortical plate, where the most differentiated neurons were located. Our findings suggest that @entity3338 trafficking between vessels ( @entity3195 ), astrocytes ( @entity3341 ) and some postmitotic neurons ( @entity3195 ) could develop gradually toward 20 gestational weeks (g.w.). These data suggest that @entity880 or other monocarboxylates could represent a significant energy source for the @entity1 visual cortex at this early stage.

title: Immunocytochemical expression of XXXX transporters in the @entity1 visual cortex at midgestation.

entities_list: @entity14383 :: ('4133', 'Gene') :: ['microtubule-associated protein 2', 'MAP2']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['Lactate', 'lactate']

entities_list: @entity3338 :: ('CHEBI:35757', 'Chemical') :: ['monocarboxylates', 'monocarboxylate']

answer: @entity3338 :: (CHEBI:35757,Chemical) :: ['monocarboxylate']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 is the most common @entity5 worldwide. A better understanding of the mechanisms may contribute to early diagnosis and establishment of new therapeutic targets. OBJECTIVES: A meta-analysis was performed to investigate the association of @entity2533 ( @entity2533 ) @entity60244 and @entity12172 polymorphisms with @entity2 susceptibility. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Relevant studies were identified through PubMed, Medline, Embase and CNKI databases. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) with its 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were employed to assess these associations in a fixedor random-effects model. RESULTS: For the @entity2533 @entity60244 polymorphism, 5 published case-control studies with 1167 cases and 1365 controls were included. Overall, no significant association was found between the @entity2533 @entity60244 polymorphism and @entity2 susceptibility under any genetic models in the total population (p > 0.05). A subgroup analysis by ethnicity showed no significant association among the Asian population as well, while a significant association was observed in Caucasian descendants. For the @entity2533 @entity12172 polymorphism, 4 studies were considered, including 1029 cases and 1133 controls. However, this polymorphism also did not increase the risk of @entity2 in all genetic comparison models. CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis suggests that @entity2533 @entity60244 and @entity12172 polymorphisms may not contribute to @entity2 risk in the total population, while the @entity60244 polymorphism may increase the risk of @entity2 in the Caucasian population. However, many studies are still required to evaluate these associations in large populations.

title: Polymorphisms of @entity2533 T+869C and XXXX with Lung Cancer Risk: A Meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['Lung cancer', 'lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity2533 :: ('7040', 'Gene') :: ['TGFb1', 'transforming growth factor-beta 1']

answer: @entity12172 :: (c|SUB|C|-509|T,DNAMutation) :: ['C-509T']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Rap1, a member of Ras superfamily of small @entity3007 -binding proteins, is involved in cardiovascular biology in numerous ways. It is an evolutionary conserved regulator of adhesion, polarity, differentiation and growth. AIMS: Our aim was to analyze Rap1 activated @entity35 bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for their potential role in adhesion and cardiac differentiation. METHODS: @entity583 ( @entity583 ) was produced in Sprague Dawley (SD) @entity35 through occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery. MSCs were treated with @entity32238 ( @entity1191 ) to activate Rap1. Normal (untreated) and @entity1191 -treated MSCs were transplanted through intra-myocardial injection in respective groups. Cardiac function was assessed by echocardiography at 2 and 4 weeks after cell transplantation. Histological analysis was performed to observe changes at tissue level. RESULTS: Homing of @entity1191 -treated MSCs was significantly (***P < 0.001) higher as compared to normal MSCs in the infarcted hearts. This may be due to increase in the gene expression of some of the cell adhesion molecules as evident by qRT-PCR analysis. Significant (***P < 0.001) improvement in the restoration of heart function in terms of left ventricular diastolic and systolic internal diameters (LVIDd, LVIDs), % ejection fraction, % fraction shortening, and end systolic and diastolic volumes were observed in @entity1191 -treated MSCs as compared to the @entity583 model. Histological analyses showed significant (***P < 0.001) reduction in scar formation in the @entity1191 -treated group. Differentiation of treated MSCs into functional cardiomyocytes was evident through immunohistochemical staining. LV wall thickness was also preserved significantly (***P < 0.001). Blood vessel formation was more pronounced in @entity1191 -treated group though both cell therapy groups showed significant increase as compared to @entity583 model. CONCLUSION: Our findings showed that pharmacological activation of @entity32236 -Rap1 improves cardiac function through better survival, adhesion, and differentiation of transplanted cells. Transplantation of these MSCs in the @entity1188 area restored functional myocardium. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: XXXX -Rap1 Activated Mesenchymal Stem Cells Improve Cardiac Function  in @entity35 Model of @entity583 .

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['MI', 'Myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity32236 :: (59326(Tax:10116),Gene) :: ['Epac']


abstract: AIM: We aimed to establish the relative proportions of all diagnoses in @entity1 aged 14-35 years presenting to an early intervention in @entity716 service, and to compare demographic variables, symptoms and outcomes between the @entity162 and other @entity914 at 3-6 months and 1 year post referral. METHODS: Prospective 3- to 6-month diagnostic and symptomatic assessments were carried out. Diagnoses were established using the Diagnostic Interview for Psychoses - Diagnostic Module. Symptoms and outcomes were assessed using standardized instruments at 3-6 months and 1 year. Bipolar diagnoses were grouped together in a bipolar group (n=16) and compared with all other diagnoses, in a non-bipolar group (n=62). Parallel analysis was carried out using groups of lifetime elevated, expansive or irritable mood (n=32) and no lifetime elevated, expansive or irritable mood (n=46). RESULTS: @entity162 account for 20.5% of all new presentations to our service. Differences in outcomes over the range of @entity716 diagnoses relate to early presence of negative symptoms. Psychoses with bipolar diagnoses or lifetime elevated, expansive or irritable mood showed lower rates of negative symptoms than other @entity914 and had a higher quality of life and higher function at 3-6 months and 1 year. CONCLUSIONS: Planning for future early intervention services should take the high rate of affective @entity914 and their need for diagnosis-specific, evidence-based treatments into account. Lifetime elevated, expansive or irritable mood may predict improved outcomes in early @entity914 , possibly mediated by lower levels of negative symptoms.

title: Social and symptomatic outcomes of XXXX in an early intervention service.

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['Bipolar disorders', 'bipolar psychoses']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychotic', 'psychosis']

entities_list: @entity914 :: ('MESH:D011618', 'Disease') :: ['psychoses']

answer: @entity162 :: (MESH:D001714,Disease) :: ['first-episode bipolar psychoses']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Although different @entity158 scales often have been used interchangeably, it is not known whether interchanging them is appropriate. The purpose of this report was twofold: to better understand the statistical properties of the @entity1168 ( @entity1168 ) so it can be used appropriately in clinical settings and to describe the mathematical relationship between the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and the @entity1168 when they are used to quantify pressure @entity158 in hospitalized elderly @entity1 . DESIGN: Secondary data analyses were performed as part of a cross-sectional study. SETTING AND SUBJECTS: A quality assurance program was undertaken to evaluate pressure @entity158 perceived by elderly hospitalized @entity1 . All @entity1 without @entity2026 participated. INSTRUMENTS: The VAS used was a 0 to 100 mm horizontal line demonstrated to have ratio scale properties with high validity and reproducibility, and the @entity1168 used was 6 faces ordered horizontally from smiling to crying, labeled 0 to 5 beneath each face, respectively. METHODS: Nonlinear least squares regression with a Gauss-Newton iterative procedure was used. RESULTS: Among models with cubic, quadratic, and linear terms, only the quadratic term was significant (P <.05). With use of the equation derived, VAS = 3.33*( @entity1168 )(2), the resulting reliability coefficient was r = 0.92. CONCLUSIONS: The nonlinear relationship indicated high reliability between VAS and @entity1168 for @entity158 assessment in populations with diminished verbal and abstract thinking abilities. For readers who would like to translate results from one scale to another, a quadratic equation is provided.

title: XXXX measurement scales: a comparison of the visual analogue and faces rating scales in measuring pressure @entity158 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1168 :: ('MESH:D001919', 'Disease') :: ['Faces Rating Scale', 'FRS']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'ulcer pain']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['Pain']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity1 with primary provoked @entity2411 experience greater experimentally induced @entity158 than do @entity1 with secondary provoked @entity2411 . We determined whether central sensitization is a contributing factor by measuring cutaneous response to @entity2951 , controlling for ethnic differences observed with @entity1118 . METHODS: Twenty-nine @entity1 with primary @entity2411 and 28 @entity1 with secondary provoked @entity2411 underwent intradermal injection in the forearm. Outcome measures included spontaneous @entity158 level (0-100 numeric rating scale) and surface areas of punctate @entity1931 (cm) and dynamic @entity1931 (cm). Two-way ANOVA was performed with Bonferroni correction (P=.01). RESULTS: @entity1 with primary provoked @entity2411 did not experience greater spontaneous @entity158 (82.1  9.1 compared with 84.1  9.1, P=.63), @entity1931 (24.1  3.8 compared with 18.2  3.4, P=.28), or @entity1931 (8.8  1.6 compared with 6.4  1.4, P=.39) than @entity1 with secondary provoked @entity2411 . Black @entity1 with provoked @entity2411 reported more spontaneous @entity158 (91.5  8.8 compared with 65.9  8.7, P=.03), @entity1931 (25.2  3.8 compared with 14.6  2.6, P=.07), and @entity1931 (9.3  1.6 compared with 5.0  0.8, P=.06) than white @entity1 , though not at .01. No interaction effects were observed for spontaneous @entity158 (P=.30). CONCLUSION: Ethnicity but not provoked @entity2411 subtype may affect @entity2951 -induced @entity158 . Altered @entity158 perception in @entity1 with primary @entity2411 may be related to mechanisms other than central sensitization. Centrally mediated C-fibers may be related to the @entity158 intensity observed in black @entity1 with provoked @entity2411 .

title: Effects of Intradermal @entity2951 Injections in XXXX With Primary and Secondary Vestibulodynia [42].

entities_list: @entity1931 :: ('MESH:D006930', 'Disease') :: ['hyperalgesia', 'allodynia']

entities_list: @entity2951 :: ('MESH:D002211', 'Chemical') :: ['capsaicin']

entities_list: @entity2411 :: ('MESH:D056650', 'Disease') :: ['vestibulodynia']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Women']


abstract: Metallothioneins (MTs) are small, @entity462 -rich, heavy metal-binding proteins involved in metal homeostasis and detoxification in living organisms. In the present study, we cloned two MT genes (OcMT1 and OcMT2) from @entity32544 , analyzed the expression patterns of the OcMT transcripts in different tissues and at varying developmental stages using real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), evaluated the functions of these two MTs using RNAi and recombinant proteins in an @entity526 expression system. The full-length cDNAs of OcMT1 and OcMT2 encoded 40 and 64 @entity535 residues, respectively. We found @entity2569 - @entity2569 , @entity2569 -X- @entity2569 and Cys-X-Y-Z-Cys motifs in OcMT1 and OcMT2. These motifs might serve as primary chelating sites, as in other organisms. These characteristics suggest that OcMT1 and OcMT2 may be involved in heavy metal detoxification by capturing the metals. Two OcMT were expressed at all developmental stages, and the highest levels were found in the eggs. Both transcripts were expressed in all eleven tissues examined, with the highest levels observed in the brain and optic lobes, followed by the fat body. The expression of OcMT2 was also relatively high in the ovaries. The functions of OcMT1 and OcMT2 were explored using RNA interference (RNAi) and different concentrations and treatment times for the three heavy metals. Our results indicated that mortality increased significantly from 8.5% to 16.7%, and this increase was both time- and dose-dependent. To evaluate the abilities of these two MT proteins to confer heavy metal tolerance to @entity526 , the bacterial cells were transformed with pET-28a plasmids containing the OcMT genes. The optical densities of both the MT-expressing and control cells decreased with increasing concentrations of @entity10278 . Nevertheless, the survival rates of the MT-overexpressing cells were higher than those of the controls. Our results suggest that these two genes play important roles in heavy metal detoxification in @entity32544 .

title: Two metallothionein genes in XXXX : molecular characteristics, expression patterns and roles in heavy metal stress.

entities_list: @entity32544 :: ('165482', 'Species') :: ['O. chinensis', 'Oxya chinensis']

entities_list: @entity462 :: ('MESH:D003545', 'Chemical') :: ['cysteine']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

answer: @entity32544 :: (165482,Species) :: ['Oxya chinensis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity9045 antagonist pegvisomant is indicated for treatment of @entity1 with resistant @entity2012 . We compared safety and treatment outcomes of pegvisomant therapy in @entity1 managed by Italian centers enrolling less or more than 15 cases in ACROSTUDY, a safety surveillance study of long-term pegvisomant treatment of @entity1 with @entity2012 . A noninterventional safety surveillance study in which safety and treatment outcomes of pegvisomant were evaluated on the basis of data collected during a 7-year period. METHODS: A total of 204 @entity2012 @entity1 treated by seven centers enrolling 16-49 @entity1 each (group A) and 137 subjects by 18 centers following 3-14 cases ( group B). RESULTS: @entity1 of group A and B were treated for 4.4      2.7 and 4.2      2.2  years, respectively. @entity442 ULN normalized in 64.4  % (n  =  56) and 54.4  % (n  =  31) in group A and B, respectively, after 1-year treatment, and in 57.3  % (n  =  106) and 72.5  % (n  =  87) at last visit. Starting doses were significantly higher in group A. They were progressively increased during treatment in both groups, but were higher in uncontrolled @entity1 than in controlled ones only in group A. Reported adverse events were more frequent, and the prevalence of @entity1 with adverse events was higher in group B. CONCLUSIONS: On the basis of this original study approach, we could speculate that in the centers in which more @entity1 are treated with pegvisomant, less adverse events are reported, but the long-term effectiveness is lower than in centers with less cases, perhaps because of an inadequate @entity1 's selection.

title: Does pegvisomant treatment expertise improve control of resistant XXXX ? The Italian ACROSTUDY experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2012 :: ('MESH:D000172', 'Disease') :: ['acromegaly']

answer: @entity2012 :: (MESH:D000172,Disease) :: ['acromegaly']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Arterial spin labeling (ASL) MRI provides information on tissue perfusion by consecutive readout of labeled blood captured in arteries or the microvasculature without using contrast agents. METHODS: We used a single-shot 3D acquisition and readout technique for ASL with multiple inflow times (TI) to evaluate hemodynamic compromise and dynamics of arterial blood inflow expressed by the bolus arrival time (BAT). Thirty-six @entity1 with @entity385 were examined with a standard multimodal MRI protocol including dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) and multi-TI ASL perfusion imaging. Time-to-peak maps were used to classify hemodynamic impairment as either hypo- or hyperperfusion. RESULTS: Overall there was a good agreement of ASL perfusion maps with DSC perfusion imaging on visual analysis. Correlations were found between ASL-BAT/(DSC-)Mean transit time ( @entity98 ) (r = .416; P < .01) and ASL-CBF/ @entity98 (r = -.489; P < .01). Using ASL, BAT in @entity63 territory was delayed by 55% (P = .001) in @entity1 with hypoperfusion (n = 28); CBF was reduced by 39% (P<.001). All @entity1 with hyperperfusion (n = 6) had higher CBF on ASL. CONCLUSIONS: The use of ASL with multiple TI allows the contrast-free assessment of hemodynamic impairment in @entity385 @entity1 . Quantitative ASL perfusion analysis reliably demonstrates areas of delayed BAT and reduced CBF matching findings of DSC.

title: Assessment of perfusion deficits in XXXX using 3D-GRASE arterial spin labeling magnetic resonance imaging with multiple inflow times.

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity385 :: (MESH:D002544,Disease) :: ['ischemic stroke']


abstract: Evaluation of @entity449 by ultrasound (US) or computed tomography (CT) is now commonplace and their use often reflects personal preferences given their similar diagnostic accuracy. Knowledge of anatomic details may be very helpful in the planning of the surgical procedure. Involvement of the supra-renal aorta, relative position of the renal arteries, intra-aneurysmal @entity715 , and extension to the iliac arteries were retrospectively evaluated by both techniques to determine which modality was more valuable in the preoperative evaluation of @entity1028 . A group of 58 @entity1 was reviewed. An @entity8 was identified in all instances by both methods. The supra-renal aorta was always well visualized by CT but not by US. The origin of at least one renal artery was seen in only 11% of the cases by US but in 100% by CT. CT demonstrated the left renal vein in all cases, while only 41% were demonstrated by US. Intra-aneurysmal @entity715 was depicted by both methods but its distribution within the sac and the characteristics of the @entity715 were apparent on CT but not on US. Aneurysmal involvement of the iliac arteries was present in 19% of the @entity1 . CT detected all cases but only 14% were demonstrated by US. Both methods accurately diagnose @entity1028 . Supplementary data regarding proximal and distal extension, characteristics of the @entity715 , relationship to the renal vessels, and adjacent major veins can be obtained by CT and usually not by US. This information is of value in the planning and execution of the indicated surgical procedure.

title: Pre-operative evaluation of XXXX : ultrasound or computed tomography?

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['infra-renal aortic aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity449 :: ('MESH:D001014', 'Disease') :: ['aortic aneurysms']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombus']

entities_list: @entity1028 :: ('MESH:D017544', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal aortic aneurysms']

answer: @entity1028 :: (MESH:D017544,Disease) :: ['abdominal aortic aneurysms']


abstract: Leptin is involved in the lung epithelial homeostasis. Its role in the nasal tract is largely unknown. @entity2023 ( @entity2023 ) is induced by the allergen exposure leading to consequential structural abnormalities in the nasal epithelium. Topical corticosteroids are recommended as first-line therapy in @entity2023 . Parietaria pollen is one of the most important allergenic sources in the southern Europe. In vitro, in @entity1 nasal epithelial cell line RPMI 2650, we aimed to determine whether allergen stimulation acts on leptin/leptin receptor pathway and how @entity14680 (FF) influences this pathway. The effects of the major allergen recombinant Par j 1 (rPar j 1), of FF, of leptin, and of @entity2533 on cell proliferation, on leptin/leptin receptor expression and modulation (by clonogenic test, by RT-q-RT-PCR, by immunocytochemistry and by flow-cytometry), and on @entity4104 activation (assessing nuclear translocation by western blot analysis) were assessed. We found that rPar j 1 and @entity2533 significantly decreased cell proliferation and down-regulated the leptin/leptin receptor pathway, whereas FF and leptin reverted them, both alone and in combination. Furthermore, rPar j 1 reduced, while leptin and FF increased @entity4104 activation. In conclusion, FF and leptin itself are able to preserve nasal epithelial homeostasis restoring the leptin/leptin receptor pathway altered by rPar j 1 exposure.

title: XXXX maintains epithelial homeostasis via leptin/leptin receptor pathway in nasal cells.

entities_list: @entity2023 :: ('MESH:D006255', 'Disease') :: ['Allergic rhinitis', 'AR']

entities_list: @entity14680 :: ('MESH:C523187', 'Chemical') :: ['fluticasone furoate']

answer: @entity14680 :: (MESH:C523187,Chemical) :: ['Fluticasone furoate']


abstract: Two clinical reports dealing with subcutaneous desensitization to latex are available, but these treatments were reported to have significant side effects. To investigate an alternative method for latex desensitization, we present five cases of immunoglobulin E-mediated @entity2144 in which a specific desensitization was successfully performed by means of an original exposure protocol. Five female @entity1 with proven @entity2144 underwent an original contact desensitization by wearing latex gloves daily, progressively increasing exposure to latex. All @entity1 reached a final latex exposure time of 60 min in both hands. The desensitization protocol was completely successful in all @entity1 . Twelve months after the beginning of the desensitization program, all the treated subjects were able to wear latex gloves daily without any clinical manifestations. This study provides evidence that a successful contact desensitization to latex is possible with no side effects. The adopted exposure protocol seems to be completely safe and effective. However, further studies in larger groups of subjects are necessary to fully confirm these preliminary results. IMPLICATIONS: We present five @entity1 with @entity2144 who underwent desensitization by a new cutaneous exposure protocol. This study provides evidence that a safe therapeutic approach to @entity2144 is possible.

title: XXXX desensitization by exposure protocol: five case reports.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2144 :: ('MESH:D020315', 'Disease') :: ['latex allergy']

answer: @entity2144 :: (MESH:D020315,Disease) :: ['Latex allergy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This phase I/II trial evaluated the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and pharmacokinetics of @entity12379 plus @entity2903 as well as the efficacy and safety of @entity12379 as monotherapy (A) or with @entity2903 ( @entity1129 ) vs @entity2903 monotherapy (T) in @entity1 with recurrent @entity463 ( @entity463 ). METHODS: Phase I followed a traditional 3 + 3 dose-escalation design to determine MTD. Treatment cohorts were: @entity12379 20, 40, and 50 mg/day (plus @entity2903 75 mg/m(2)/day for 21 days per 28-day cycle). In phase II, @entity1 were randomized (stratified by age and KPS) to receive A, T or @entity1129 ; A was dosed at 40 mg/day and T at 75 mg/m(2) for 21 of 28 days. Primary endpoint was progression-free survival rate at 6 months (PFS-6). @entity1 were treated until intolerable adverse events (AEs) or disease progression. RESULTS: Recommended phase II dose was 40 mg/day (A) + T based on safety data from phase I (n = 32). Most frequent AEs in phase II (n = 119) were @entity294 (71% [A], 82% [ @entity1129 ]) and @entity1910 (71% [A] and 69% [ @entity1129 ]). @entity12379 and @entity2903 pharmacokinetics were unaffected by coadministration. Independently assessed PFS-6 rate was 3% (A), 10% ( @entity1129 ), and 23% (T). Median PFS was longer in @entity12379 -treated @entity1 with epidermal growth factor receptor (EFGR) vIII-positive @entity5 versus EGFRvIII-negative @entity5 . Best overall response included partial response in 1 (A), 2 ( @entity1129 ), and 4 (T) @entity1 and stable disease in 14 (A), 14 ( @entity1129 ), and 21 (T) @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity12379 has a manageable safety profile but limited single-agent activity in unselected recurrent @entity463 @entity1 .

title: Phase I/randomized phase II study of XXXX , an irreversible ErbB family blocker, with or without protracted @entity2903 in adults with recurrent @entity463 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity12379 :: ('MESH:C522924', 'Chemical') :: ['afatinib', 'Afatinib']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity2903 :: ('MESH:C047246', 'Chemical') :: ['temozolomide']

entities_list: @entity463 :: ('MESH:D005909', 'Disease') :: ['GBM', 'glioblastoma']

answer: @entity12379 :: (MESH:C522924,Chemical) :: ['afatinib']


abstract: The prevention of implant-related @entity281 is an important issue in medical research. The aim is to exploit the strong antimicrobial effect of @entity575 nanoparticles (AgNP) to develop new antibacterial coatings for implants. However, there is still a serious lack of information on the influence of AgNP on bone metabolism. In the present study we have evaluated the influence of AgNP on cell stress, viability, proliferation and differentiation of primary @entity1 mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) and osteoblasts (OB). Finally, cellular uptake of the AgNP was examined. After 21 days impairment of cell viability of MSC and OB occurred at a concentration of 10  g/g of AgNP. @entity137 and inhibition of proliferation was highly time and dose dependent. No influence on cell differentiation, but an increase in cell stress, was observed. Uptake of AgNP into MSC and OB could be confirmed. In summary, these results demonstrate AgNP-mediated @entity137 at higher concentrations. Therefore, a therapeutical window for the application of AgNP in medical products might exist. However, the antibacterial benefits and potential health risks of AgNP need to be weighed in further studies.

title: Biocompatibility of @entity575 nanoparticles and @entity575 ions in primary XXXX mesenchymal stem cells and osteoblasts.

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['Cytotoxicity', 'cytotoxicity']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The @entity797 -maze procedure combined with an operation for organic @entity299 is highly successful in the elimination of chronic @entity955 . However, it prolongs significantly the aortic cross-clamp and operating time. In this study, a simplified left atrial maze procedure, which is a short procedure performed using a surgical radiofrequency ablation probe, is added to elective open heart procedures in @entity1 with @entity955 . METHODS: Forty-eight adults with @entity955 (duration, 6 months to 36 years) underwent elective open heart operations (isolated valve procedures or coronary artery bypass grafting, n = 27 @entity1 ; combined procedures, n = 21 @entity1 ) combined with intraoperative radiofrequency ablation of the left atrium. The postoperative follow-up period ranged from 1 to 11 months (mean, 4 months). Possible predictors for persistent postoperative @entity955 were determined among 40 variables by univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS: Intraoperative radiofrequency ablation prolonged the aortic cross-clamp time for 6 to 14 minutes (mean, 11 minutes). Freedom from @entity955 was 100% intraoperatively, 25% at 1 week after operation (12 of 48 @entity1 ), 59% at 1 month postoperatively (16 of 27 @entity1 ), 64% at 3 months postoperatively (16 of 25 @entity1 ), and 92% at 6 months postoperatively (12 of 13 @entity1 ). The only predictor of postoperative @entity955 was the presence of @entity453 (odds ratio, 7.5; 80% confidence interval, 2.24-25.13). CONCLUSIONS: Intraoperative radiofrequency ablation of the left atrium combined with an operation for organic @entity299 effectively eliminates @entity955 without significant prolongation of the aortic cross-clamp and operative time. The presence of @entity453 decreases the success rate during the first 6 postoperative months.

title: Intraoperative radiofrequency maze ablation for XXXX : the Berlin modification.

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart disease']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

answer: @entity955 :: (MESH:D001281,Disease) :: ['atrial fibrillation']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Develop predictive models using an administrative healthcare database that provide information for @entity1 -Centred Medical Homes to proactively identify @entity1 at risk of hospitalisation for conditions that may be impacted through improved @entity1 care. DESIGN: Retrospective healthcare utilisation analysis with multivariate logistic regression models. DATA: A population-based longitudinal database of residents served by the Emilia-Romagna, Italy, health service in the years 2004-2012 including demographic information and utilisation of health services by 3,726,380 @entity1 aged >= 18 years. OUTCOME MEASURES: Models designed to predict risk of hospitalisation or @entity204 in 2012 for problems that are potentially avoidable were developed and evaluated using the area under the receiver operating curve C-statistic, in terms of their sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value, and for calibration to assess performance across levels of predicted risk. RESULTS: Among the 3,726,380 adult residents of Emilia-Romagna at the end of 2011, 449,163 (12.1%) were hospitalised in 2012; 4.2% were hospitalised for the selected conditions or died in 2012 (3.6% hospitalised, 1.3% died). The C-statistic for predicting 2012 outcomes was 0.856. The model was well calibrated across categories of predicted risk. For those @entity1 in the highest predicted risk decile group, the average predicted risk was 23.9% and the actual prevalence of hospitalisation or @entity204 was 24.2%. CONCLUSIONS: We have developed a population-based model using a longitudinal administrative database that identifies the risk of hospitalisation for residents of the Emilia-Romagna region with a level of performance as high as, or higher than, similar models. The results of this model, along with profiles of @entity1 identified as high risk are being provided to the physicians and other healthcare professionals associated with the @entity1 Centred Medical Homes to aid in planning for care management and interventions that may reduce their @entity1 ' likelihood of a preventable, high-cost hospitalisation.

title: Predicting risk of hospitalisation or XXXX : a retrospective population-based analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient', 'people']

answer: @entity204 :: (MESH:D003643,Disease) :: ['death']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In present study we performed whole transcriptome analysis in @entity1569 @entity1 and compared lesional skin with non-lesional skin and with the skin from healthy controls. We sequenced total RNA from 12 lesional (LP), 12 non-lesional ( @entity26137 ) and from 12 normal (C) skin biopsies. RESULTS: Compared with previous gene expression profiling studies we had three groups under analysis - LP, @entity26137 and C. Using @entity26137 samples allows to see the transcriptome of visually normal skin from @entity1569 @entity1 . In LP skin S100A12, S100A7A, @entity59994 , @entity15875 , @entity15319 were found up regulated. In addition to already these well-described genes, we also found several other genes related to @entity1569 . Namely, @entity50255 , @entity51585 , @entity9508 , PLA2G, @entity50405 , @entity34693 were found to be significantly and consistently related to the @entity75 and this finding is supported also by previous studies. The genes up-regulated in the LP samples were related to the innate immunity, @entity4155 and @entity688 networks. In @entity26137 samples innate immunity and @entity4155 network were activated, but activation of @entity688 network was not evident. The transcriptional changes characteristic in the @entity26137 samples can be considered as a molecular signature of "dormant @entity1569 ". CONCLUSIONS: Taken together, our study described the transcriptome profile characteristic for LP and @entity26137 psoriatic skin. RNA profile of the @entity26137 skin is in between the lesional and healthy skin, with its own specific pattern. We found that both @entity26137 have up-regulated @entity4155 network, whereas LP skin has up regulated @entity688 related cytokines ( @entity15319 , @entity23226 , @entity21019 ). Moreover, @entity50405 and @entity34693 were identified as strong regulators of skin pathology in both LP and @entity26137 skin samples, with stronger influence in LP samples.

title: Transcriptional landscape of XXXX identifies the involvement of IL36 and @entity34693 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1569 :: ('MESH:D011565', 'Disease') :: ['psoriasis', 'plaque psoriasis']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['psoriatic lesions']

answer: @entity1569 :: (MESH:D011565,Disease) :: ['psoriasis']


abstract: BACKGROUND:    A series of cases of @entity3400 - @entity7120 (P/T)-associated @entity1398 has been observed recently in @entity1 in our center. Because @entity1398 was seldom observed in @entity1 treated with @entity4967 - @entity798 ( @entity14552 ), we conducted a study to determine if there is an increased risk of @entity1398 in @entity1 exposed to P/T in comparison with T/C. METHODS:    Medical records of subjects aged <18 years who received at least 1 dose of P/T or T/C between 1 January 2008 and 30 June 2011 were reviewed. RESULTS:    Two hundred ninety-nine episodes of treatment (65 P/T, @entity57743 ) met inclusion criteria. Among those episodes, 213 had data allowing complete white blood cell count analysis and were included in the final analysis. Thirteen cases of @entity1398 were observed during the study period. The average time to onset was 17.6 days and all @entity1 were aged <13 years. Seven cases (10.8%) occurred in the P/T group and 6 (2.6%) in the T/C group (unadjusted odds ratio, 4.59; 95% confidence interval, 1.48-14.17). Although a statistically significant correlation was observed between age, treatment duration, and total dose and the development of @entity1398 (r = -0.121, P = .037; r = 0.267, P < .001; r = 0.260, P < .001, respectively), this was not the case for sex, indications, neutrophil count at initiation, and concomitant drug treatments. CONCLUSIONS:    Although our results need to be confirmed, they suggest that @entity1 receiving long courses of therapy (>2 weeks) with P/T may be at increased risk of @entity1398 , compared with T/C.

title: Higher Risk of Neutropenia Associated With @entity3400 - @entity7120 Compared With @entity4967 - @entity798 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity7120 :: ('MESH:C043265', 'Chemical') :: ['tazobactam']

entities_list: @entity798 :: ('MESH:D019818', 'Chemical') :: ['clavulanic acid']

entities_list: @entity4967 :: ('MESH:D013982', 'Chemical') :: ['ticarcillin']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity3400 :: ('MESH:D010878', 'Chemical') :: ['piperacillin']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Children']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine if @entity167 consumption is associated with the prevalence of @entity6 . @entity1 : This study surveyed a population-based sample (n = 1210) of younger-onset @entity6 @entity1 (diagnosed before age 30 years and taking @entity2690 ) and a stratified random sample (n = 1780) of older-onset @entity6 @entity1 (diagnosed after age 30 years). Baseline and 4-year follow-up examinations completed by 996 and 891 (730 by @entity1 age 21 or older) younger-onset @entity1 , respectively, and 1370 and 987 older-onset @entity1 , respectively. Data analyzed are from the 4-year follow-up examination. Questionnaires concerning consumption were completed at follow-up. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: @entity6 as determined from stereographic fundus photography. RESULTS: After controlling for known risk factors in the adult younger-onset group, average @entity167 consumption, as determined by questionnaire, was inversely associated with prevalence of @entity6 ( @entity6 ), odds ratio, 0.49; 95% confidence interval, 0.27 to 0.92. The trend was similar for recent consumption, odds ratio, 0.63; confidence interval, 0.37 to 1.09. In the older-onset groups taking or not taking @entity2690 , average or recent @entity167 consumption or usage history were not significantly associated with the prevalence of any @entity989 or @entity6 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity167 consumption does not appear to increase the risk of @entity989 and may have a beneficial effect in younger-onset @entity1 , although further study is needed.

title: @entity167 consumption and the prevalence of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PARTICIPANTS', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetic retinopathy', 'diabetic', 'proliferative diabetic retinopathy', 'PDR', 'diabetic retinopathy']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol', 'Alcohol']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['retinopathy']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetic retinopathy']


abstract: Taxotere ( @entity1205 ; @entity1205 ; @entity1205 ) is a semisynthetic analogue of @entity1311 . It is twice as active in inhibiting tubuline depolymerization and has a better in vivo activity on B16 @entity320 , with responses in advanced colon 38 and PO3 @entity420 . Sixty-five @entity1 (49 @entity1 , 16 @entity1 ), with a median age of 57 years, received 248 courses of Taxotere given as a 1-2-h i.v. infusion every 2 or 3 weeks. Ten distinct dose levels from 5 to 115 mg/m2 were studied. Dose-dependent, reversible @entity1398 was the limiting @entity137 . Delayed and cumulative skin reactions occurred beyond 70 mg/m2. Alopecia was observed in the majority of @entity1 beyond 70 mg/m2. Four partial responses were achieved in @entity1 with @entity43 , @entity0 , @entity151 , and @entity189 with unknown primary. The pharmacokinetics of Taxotere, determined in 23 @entity1 receiving 20 to 115 mg/m2, was linear. At the highest doses, the Taxotere plasma profile was typically triphasic, with a terminal half-life of 13.5 +/- 7.5 (SD) h, a plasma clearance of 21.1 +/- 5.3 liters/h/m2, and a distribution volume of 72 +/- 40 liters/m2. AUC correlated with the percentage decrease of neutrophils in a sigmoid Emax model. The renal excretion of unchanged Taxotere was very low (< 5% of the dose). The recommended dose for phase II trials with this schedule is 100 mg/m2 every 3 weeks.

title: Phase I and pharmacokinetic study of Taxotere ( XXXX ; @entity1205 ) given as a short intravenous infusion.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity151 :: ('MESH:D055752', 'Disease') :: ['small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity1205 :: ('MESH:C067311', 'Chemical') :: ['RP 56976', 'N-debenzoyl-N-tert-butoxycarbonyl-10-deacetyl Taxol', 'NSC 628503']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma']

answer: @entity1205 :: (MESH:C067311,Chemical) :: ['RP 56976']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the long-term hearing and vestibular outcomes in @entity1 with intractable vertigo caused by unilateral @entity9303 , who were treated with transtympanic injection of @entity801 . STUDY DESIGN: the study was a long-term analysis of hearing and control of vertigo in @entity1 with unilateral @entity9303 who received transtympanic @entity801 . METHODS: Pure-tone thresholds and ENG, along with the control of vertigo. Criteria described in 1995 by the American Academy of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery were used. @entity1 treated with transtympanic @entity801 had definite @entity9303 and had intractable vertigo despite optimal medical therapy, no symptoms suggestive of @entity9303 in the contralateral ear, and serviceable hearing in the contralateral ear. The study analyzed the outcomes of 9 @entity1 for whom follow-up data were available for periods greater than 24 months after transtympanic @entity801 . RESULTS: Complete control of vertigo was obtained in all 9 @entity1 . Profound @entity1274 occurred only in 1 @entity1 . Hearing was improved in 6 @entity1 , and in 2 was unchanged. CONCLUSIONS: Transtympanic @entity801 therapy is a good method of controlling vertigo and the risk of @entity393 is low.

title: [Long-term results of transtympanic @entity801 treatment in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity801 :: ('MESH:D005839', 'Chemical') :: ['gentamicin']

entities_list: @entity9303 :: ('MESH:D008575', 'Disease') :: ["Meniere's disease"]

entities_list: @entity1274 :: ('MESH:D006319', 'Disease') :: ['sensorineural hearing loss']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing loss']

answer: @entity9303 :: (MESH:D008575,Disease) :: ['Meniere's disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Approximately 40% of @entity1 with @entity955 ( @entity955 ) who receive @entity2067 antagonists (VKA) in Primary Care in Spain have poor anticoagulation control. The objective of the study Actuaci  n en antiCoagulaci  n, Tratamiento y Uso de anticoagulantes orales de acci  n directa (ACOD) en Atenci  n primaria (ACTUA) (Action in Coagulation, Treatment and Use of direct oral anticoagulants [DOACs]) in Primary Care) was to analyse the current situation regarding the use of VKA and non- @entity2067 antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) in @entity1 with @entity955 in Primary Care in Spain and the possible issues arising from it. @entity1 AND METHODS: An online survey was created covering various aspects of the use of oral anticoagulants in NAFV. A two-round modified Delphi approach was used. Results were compiled as a set of practical guidelines. RESULTS: Forty-four experts responded to the survey. Consensus was reached in 62% (37/60) of the items. Experts concluded that a considerable number of @entity1 with @entity955 who receive VKA do not have a well-controlled INR and that a substantial group of @entity1 who could benefit from being treated with NOACs do not receive them. The use of NOACs increases the probability of having good anticoagulation control and decreases the risk of severe and @entity932 . Current limitations to the use of NOACs include administrative barriers, insufficient knowledge about the benefits and risks of NOACs, limited experience of doctors in using them, and their price. @entity177 influences the choice of a particular anticoagulant. CONCLUSIONS: The ACTUA study highlights the existing controversies about the use of oral anticoagulants for the treatment of @entity955 in Primary Care in Spain, and provides consensus recommendations that may help to improve the use of these medications.

title: [Use of non- XXXX antagonist oral anticoagulants in Primary Care: ACTUA study].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity932 :: ('MESH:D020300', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial haemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity2067 :: ('MESH:D014812', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin K']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['Renal insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['non-valvular auricular fibrillation', 'NVAF']

answer: @entity2067 :: (MESH:D014812,Chemical) :: ['vitamin K']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity5018 ( @entity12690 ) is one of the most widely used and frequently detected @entity1 pharmaceuticals in aquatic environment. However, the @entity137 of @entity12690 on diatom and its fate remain still unkown. In the present study, the @entity137 of @entity12690 on the diatom was evaluated by the algal growth rate, the @entity18999 and carotenoids contents. The degradation of @entity12690 including in particular the potential for the formation of incomplete degradation products was also explored. Biochemical characteristics of Navicula sp. were significantly inhibited at @entity12690 concentrations up to 50 @entity62127 ) after 10days of exposure. The degradation of @entity12690 was retarded by Navicula sp. at low concentration (1mgL(-1)), with t1/2 being extended from 9.6  1.8 d to 12.0  1.5 d, indicating that Navicula sp. could prolong the exposure time of @entity12690 . A total of 8 metabolites were identified by LC-MS/MS and the degradation pathway of @entity12690 in Navicula sp. was proposed. Hydroxylation, acylation, demethylation, and glucuronidation contributed to @entity12690 transformative reactions in diatom cells. These findings indicate that the presence of diatom Navicula sp. could hinder degradation of @entity12690 , and @entity12690 and/or its metabolites may pose high risks on aquatic ecosystem in natural waters.

title: @entity137 , degradation and metabolic fate of XXXX on freshwater diatom Navicula sp.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity5018 :: ('MESH:D007052', 'Chemical') :: ['Ibuprofen']

entities_list: @entity18999 :: ('MESH:C085815', 'Chemical') :: ['chlorophyll-a']

answer: @entity5018 :: (MESH:D007052,Chemical) :: ['ibuprofen']


abstract: Despite improvements in emergency treatment, @entity583 is often the beginning of a downward spiral leading to @entity712 . Other than heart transplantation, current therapeutic means aim at enabling the organism to survive with a heart that is working at a fraction of its original capacity. It is therefore no surprise that cardiac stem cell therapy has raised many hopes. However, neither the ideal source and type of stem cell nor the critical cell number and mode of application have been defined so far. Early reports on @entity296 by adult bone marrow stem cells from rodent models promoted an unparalleled boost of clinical and experimental cell therapy studies. The phenomenon of stem/progenitor cell-induced @entity7499 in @entity63 has ever since been reproduced by numerous groups in a variety of small and large animal models. Myogenesis, however, is an altogether different matter. Many of the initial clinical studies were fueled by the suggestion that early hematopoietic stem cells have a plasticity high enough to enable cross-lineage differentiation into cells of cardiomyocyte phenotype, but the initial enthusiasm has largely faded. The myogenic potential of stroma cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells is much better documented in animal models, but transfer to the clinical setting faces a variety of obstacles. In clinical pilot trials, we and others have demonstrated the feasibility and safety of administering progenitor cells derived from autologous bone marrow to the myocardium of @entity1 with @entity741 . Clinical efficacy data are still rare, but the few controlled trials that have been completed uniformly show a tendency towards better heart function in cell-treated @entity1 . This review is an attempt to describe the scientific basis for cardiac cell therapy from the point of view of the clinician, focusing on problems that arise with beginning translation into the clinical setting.

title: Stem cell therapy for XXXX : beginning or end of the road?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial repair']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure']

entities_list: @entity7499 :: ('MESH:D016510', 'Disease') :: ['angiogenesis']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic myocardium']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic heart disease']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity741 :: (MESH:D017202,Disease) :: ['ischemic heart disease']


abstract: @entity18884 ( @entity18885 ) is widely used as a pre-planting and post-harvest agricultural fungicide and as an anthelminthic in @entity1 and animals. @entity18885 is of toxicological concern, since adverse effects including @entity3040 , hepatogenic, teratogenic and neurological effects have been reported in mammals. Occupational exposure can occur among @entity12767 may be environmentally exposed to @entity18885 through the diet. The metabolite @entity57482 (5-OH-TBZ) was chosen as biomarker of exposure to @entity18885 and a LC/ @entity15 / @entity15 method for the quantification of 5-OH-TBZ in @entity1 urine was developed. The method includes enzyme hydrolysis, as 5-OH-TBZ is conjugated to glucuronide and @entity597 in urine. Sample through put was optimised using 96-well plates for sample handling as well as for solid phase extraction (SPE). The method has excellent, within-run, between-run and between-batch precision between 4 and 9%. The limit of detection (LOD) of 0.05 and a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 0.13ng 5-OH-TBZ/mL urine enable detection in environmentally exposed populations. When applying the method in a general Swedish population, 52% had levels above LOD. The method was also applied in one oral and one dermal @entity1 experimental exposure study in two individuals. After oral exposure, the excretion of 5-OH-TBZ in urine was described by a two-compartment model and both the first rapid and the second slower elimination phase followed first-order kinetics, with estimated elimination half-life of 2h and 9-12h. The recoveries in urine were between 21 and 24% of the dose. Dermal exposure was described by a one compartment model and followed first order kinetics, with estimated elimination half-life of 9-18h. The recovery in urine was 1% of the administrated dose of @entity18885 . Although these studies are limited to two individuals, the data provide new basic information regarding the toxicokinetics of @entity18885 after oral and dermal exposure.

title: Determination of @entity57482 in @entity1 urine as a biomarker of exposure to XXXX using LC/ @entity15 / @entity15 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human']

entities_list: @entity597 :: ('CHEBI:16189', 'Chemical') :: ['sulphate']

entities_list: @entity12767 :: ('MESH:D000382', 'Disease') :: ['agricultural workers and the general public']

entities_list: @entity57482 :: ('MESH:C035151', 'Chemical') :: ['5-hydroxythiabendazole']

entities_list: @entity3040 :: ('MESH:D018500', 'Disease') :: ['nephrogenic']

entities_list: @entity18884 :: ('MESH:D013827', 'Chemical') :: ['Thiabendazole']

answer: @entity18884 :: (MESH:D013827,Chemical) :: ['thiabendazole']


abstract: BACKGROUND: For treatment of @entity18658 , a phenolization is often chosen. Many reports describe an intra-operative irrigation or lavage of the wound with various types of @entity167 to neutralize any residual @entity3971 from this treatment. There are conflicting reports in the literature as to whether a true neutralization is required or merely effective removal of excess @entity3971 . OBJECTIVE: The aim of our study was to analyse the suitability and effectiveness of the @entity167 lavage step during the treatment of @entity18658 with a phenolization procedure. METHODS: We performed an in vitro study using @entity1 skin and a diffusion cell apparatus to measure the amount of @entity3971 remaining after various lavage washes. The effect of @entity3971 evaporation was also examined. RESULTS: There was no measurable amount of @entity3971 collected after each experiment, suggesting that diffusion of @entity3971 through the skin does not exist. The open compartment test had significantly less @entity3971 recovered compared with the occluded compartment test, indicating @entity3971 evaporation. STUDY LIMITATIONS: None. CONCLUSIONS: An @entity167 lavage step after the phenolization procedure can be a suitable and effective means of diluting and removing any excess or residual @entity3971 from the exposed area.

title: Evidence of the efficacy of XXXX lavage in the phenolization treatment of @entity18658 .

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity18658 :: ('MESH:C564384', 'Disease') :: ['ingrown toenails']

answer: @entity167 :: (CHEBI:16236,Chemical) :: ['alcohol']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prognostic value of procollagen type II @entity1473 -terminal propeptide (PIICP) level in synovial fluid in relation to early @entity2720 ( @entity571 ). METHODS: Data were collected on 172 @entity1 (age 40 to 59 years) who had knee @entity158 in the early stage. Standing semiflexed knee radiographs were obtained by fluoroscopy at baseline and at four year follow up and a computerised, magnification corrected measurement system was applied to measurement of minimal joint space width in the tibiofemoral compartment. Synovial fluid sampling was performed at baseline and at the four year follow up. Levels of PIICP in the synovial fluid were measured by enzyme immunoassay. The outcome measures were assessed by radiographic joint space narrowing (JSN) in the tibiofemoral joints over four years. Multiple linear regression analyses were used to examine the relation between radiographic JSN and synovial fluid level of PIICP. RESULTS: The number of @entity1 available at both baseline and at four year follow up was 110. The average of radiographic JSN over four years was 0.53 mm (range 0.00-2.01). Body mass index showed a slightly positive association with baseline PIICP level. In multiple linear regression analyses adjusted for age and body mass index, radiographic JSN over four years had a direct positive correlation with baseline PIICP level (r=0.395; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.231 to 0.529; p<0.001). CONCLUSION: In a four year prospective study of @entity1 , quantification of synovial fluid PIICP was able to predict subsequent radiographic progression in early tibiofemoral joint @entity571 .

title: Procollagen II C propeptide level in the synovial fluid as a predictor of radiographic progression in early knee XXXX .

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain and tibiofemoral joint OA']

entities_list: @entity2720 :: ('MESH:D007592', 'Disease') :: ['tibiofemoral joint osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity1473 :: ('CHEBI:46883', 'Chemical') :: ['carboxy']

answer: @entity571 :: (MESH:D010003,Disease) :: ['osteoarthritis']


abstract: PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to estimate the frequency and severity of @entity2194 in paediatric @entity1 with @entity2142 ( @entity2142 ). METHODS: The study was designed as an institutional, retrospective, observational case series. Charts for all 87 paediatric @entity1 with @entity2142 treated at the University @entity1 's Hospital Zurich between 1995 and 2007 were reviewed. @entity1 with @entity2194 were identified and clinical findings presented. RESULTS: Three of 69 examined @entity1 with @entity2142 showed @entity2194 . Ophthalmic findings in two @entity1 were consistent with bilateral @entity989 , showing multiple @entity548 , exudations and superficial retinal whitening. The third @entity1 presented with bilateral isolated central @entity548 as a milder form of @entity2194 . In one of the @entity1 with @entity989 , laser photocoagulation was required for bilateral rubeosis irides and development of disc neovascularization. Longterm outcomes in the two severely affected @entity1 showed decreased visual acuity caused by partial atrophy of the optic nerves. In the milder case visual acuity was not impaired at any time. CONCLUSIONS: A minority of paediatric @entity1 with @entity2142 developed @entity2194 . Acute ocular findings varied in severity from isolated @entity548 to @entity989 with @entity2479 . Longterm complications included the development of neovascularizations and consecutive @entity1952 . Although @entity2194 in @entity2142 seems to be rare, physicians should be aware of this complication because of its possible vision-endangering consequences.

title: Ocular involvement in paediatric XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients', 'Children', 'child']

entities_list: @entity2194 :: ('MESH:D005128', 'Disease') :: ['ocular involvement']

entities_list: @entity1952 :: ('MESH:D009896', 'Disease') :: ['optic nerve atrophy']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['haemorrhages', 'intraretinal haemorrhages']

entities_list: @entity2479 :: ('MESH:D012173', 'Disease') :: ['retinal ischaemia']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['Purtscher retinopathy', 'Purtscher-like retinopathy']

entities_list: @entity2142 :: ('MESH:D006461', 'Disease') :: ['haemolytic uraemic syndrome', 'HUS']

answer: @entity2142 :: (MESH:D006461,Disease) :: ['haemolytic uraemic syndrome']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: To extract the sensitive bands for estimating the winter @entity3505 growth status and yields, field experiments were conducted. The crop variables including aboveground biomass (AGB), soil and plant analyzer development (SPAD) value, yield, and canopy spectra were determined. Statistical methods of correlation analysis, @entity1625 ( @entity1625 ), and stepwise multiple linear regression (SMLR) were used to extract sensitive bands and estimate the crop variables with calibration set. The predictive model based on the selected bands was tested with validation set. The results showed that the crop variables were significantly correlated with spectral reflectance. The major spectral regions were selected with the B-coefficient and variable importance on projection (VIP) parameter derived from the @entity1625 analysis. The calibrated SMLR model based on the selected wavelengths demonstrated an excellent performance as the R2, TC, and RMSE were 0.634, 0.055, and 843.392 for yield; 0.671, 0.017, and 1.798 for SPAD; and 0.760, 0.081, and 1.164 for AGB. These models also performed accurately and robustly by using the field validation data set. It indicated that these wavelengths retained in models were important. The determined wavelengths for yield, SPAD, and AGB were 350, 410, 730, 1015, 1185 and 1245 nm; 355, 400, 515, 705, 935, 1090, and 1365 nm; and 470, 570, 895, 1170, 1285, and 1355 nm, respectively. This study illustrated that it was feasible to predict the crop variables by using the multivariate method. The step-by-step procedure to select the significant bands and optimize the prediction model of crop variables may serve as a valuable approach. The findings of this study may provide a theoretical and practical reference for rapidly and accurately monitoring the crop growth status and predicting the yield of winter @entity3505 .

title: Extraction of Sensitive Bands for Monitoring the Winter XXXX ( @entity3505 ) Growth Status and Yields Based on the Spectral Reflectance.

entities_list: @entity1625 :: ('MESH:D004828', 'Disease') :: ['partial least squares', 'PLS']

answer: @entity3505 :: (4565,Species) :: ['Wheat']


abstract: Controlled trials in @entity1 with @entity1279 have demonstrated efficacy of antidepressant medications with serotonergic function (e.g. @entity905 ) as well as noradrenergic function (e.g. @entity5829 ). Sixteen out- @entity1 with @entity1279 according to DSM-IV criteria were treated in a drug surveillance with 100 mg of @entity1153 , a specific @entity750 and @entity1063 reuptake inhibitor (SNRI). Ten @entity1 completed the 8-week observation period. The reasons for premature attrition were improvement in one @entity1 (no. 12), a generalized exanthema in one @entity1 (no. 7), severe @entity390 in one @entity1 (no. 8) and non-compliance due to non-drug-related reasons in three @entity1 (no. 1, 2, and 16). An intent-to-treat analysis exhibited a significant reduction in weekly binge @entity1277 and @entity391 frequency from baseline to the end of treatment. Three @entity1 stopped binge @entity1277 and purging completely during the last week of treatment. Furthermore, there was a concomitant decrease of @entity308 ratings (HAMD, BDI). Our preliminary data give rise to the notion that @entity1153 may be promising in the treatment of @entity1279 .

title: @entity1153 in the treatment of XXXX : a report of 16 cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity905 :: ('MESH:D005473', 'Chemical') :: ['fluoxetine']

entities_list: @entity5829 :: ('MESH:D003891', 'Chemical') :: ['desipramine']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity1153 :: ('MESH:C048107', 'Chemical') :: ['milnacipran']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['serotonin']

entities_list: @entity1279 :: ('MESH:D052018', 'Disease') :: ['bulimia nervosa']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['noradrenaline']

answer: @entity1279 :: (MESH:D052018,Disease) :: ['bulimia nervosa']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3562 and @entity14822 are commonly found in @entity1 with @entity177 ; both are recognized as risk factors for @entity731 . The @entity1255 -lowering effect of @entity2764 is controversial. This study was performed to determine the effect of a high dose of @entity2764 (300 mg i.v. three times a week) on plasma and red blood cell lipid profile and plasma @entity1255 concentration in twelve @entity177 @entity1 on regular hemodialysis. Fasting blood samples were taken at the beginning of the study (basal 1), after 30 and 60 days of treatment and 4 months after withdrawal (basal 2). RESULTS: @entity2764 supplementation induced a significant decrease in total plasma @entity1255 level and also a lowering effect in plasma total @entity165 and @entity1674 . These biochemical data increased when the samples were taken at basal 2, reaching the levels obtained at the beginning of the experiment. LDL @entity165 increased whereas HDL @entity165 was reduced during the treatment. In erythrocyte membranes @entity2245 therapy enhanced the @entity165 /phospholipid ratio as well as the fluorescence anisotropy of @entity3955 . CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that high doses of @entity2764 represent an effective strategy to ameliorate both plasma @entity1255 levels and lipid profiles in @entity177 @entity1 , protecting them from @entity731 . Further research using a long-term treatment would be necessary in an attempt to restore the @entity844 pattern and the fluidity of red cell membranes.

title: Variations in the lipid profile of XXXX with @entity177 treated with @entity2764 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity844 :: ('CHEBI:35366', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity2764 :: ('MESH:D011736', 'Chemical') :: ['Pyridoxine', 'pyridoxine']

entities_list: @entity1255 :: ('MESH:D006710', 'Chemical') :: ['homocysteine']

entities_list: @entity14822 :: ('MESH:C562935', 'Disease') :: ['lipid abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['chronic renal failure']

entities_list: @entity3955 :: ('MESH:D004161', 'Chemical') :: ['diphenyl-hexatriene']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity3562 :: ('MESH:D020138', 'Disease') :: ['Hyperhomocysteinemia']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: As demonstrated for different @entity5 the detection of sentinel nodes (SNL) helps to individualize the indication for lymphadenectomy. In @entity418 , the lymphatic spread involves three distinct anatomical compartments. This study analyses the localization of single lymph node @entity3 in @entity418 and discusses the possible theoretical impact on SNL navigation. METHODOLOGY: 143 @entity1 with @entity418 were included in this retrospective analysis. All @entity1 underwent transthoracic en-bloc esophagectomy with 2-field lymphadenectomy. A meticulous work-up of all resected lymph nodes allowed a specific assignment to defined nodal groups of the abdominal and mediastinal compartment. Of 143 @entity1 , 80 (55.9%) were classified as @entity3121 . RESULTS: Twenty four of 80 @entity1 had one single (n=15 @entity1 ) or two single (n=9 @entity1 ) lymph node @entity3 (total of 33 nodal @entity3 ). Twenty four of these 33 lymph node @entity3 (73%) were located in the abdominal compartment. 9 of 13 @entity1 (69%) with @entity418 above the tracheal bifurcation had isolated abdominal lymph node @entity3 . The overall rate of skip @entity3 to the abdominal compartment was 55%. CONCLUSIONS: Isolated lymph node @entity3 in @entity418 are predominantly located in the abdominal compartment along the lesser curvature and the left gastric artery. Therefore, SNL navigation in @entity418 has to focus on this region and requires initial laparotomy/laparoscopy irrespective of the type of esophageal resection.

title: Localization of isolated lymph node XXXX in @entity418 --does it influence the sentinel node concept?

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancies']

entities_list: @entity418 :: ('MESH:D004938', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal cancer', 'esophageal carcinomas', 'esophageal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'metastases']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['metastases']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aging process promotes a progressive @entity102 . The effect of these diseases on the functional capacity has been well recognized. Another health parameter concerns "quality of life related to health". Among the elderly population, @entity65 stand out due to the epidemiological and clinical impact. Usually, these diseases have been associated with others. This set of problems may compromise both independence and quality of life in elderly @entity1 who seek cardiologic treatment. These health parameters have not been well contemplated by cardiologists. OBJECTIVE: Evaluating, among the elderly population with @entity65 , which are the most relevant clinical determinants regarding @entity734 and quality of life. METHODS: This group was randomly and consecutively selected and four questionnaires were applied: HAQ, SF-36, PRIME-MD e Mini Mental State. RESULTS: The study included 1,020 elderly @entity1 , 63.3% @entity1 . The group had been between 60 and 97 years-old (mean: 75.56    6.62 years-old). 61.4% were independent or mild @entity734 . The quality of life total score was high (HAQ: 88.66    2.68). 87.8% of @entity1 had a SF-36 total score > 66. In the multivariate analysis, the association between diagnoses and high degrees of @entity734 was significant only for previous @entity64 (p = 0.014), @entity28 (p < 0.001), lack of physical activity (p = 0.016), @entity571 (p < 0.001), @entity73 (p < 0.001), and @entity308 (p < 0.001). Analyzing the quality of life, @entity308 and @entity221 for @entity308 was significantly associated with all domains of the SF-36. CONCLUSION: Among an elderly outpatient cardiology population, @entity734 and quality of life clinical determinants are not cardiovascular comorbidities, especially the @entity308 .

title: XXXX as a Clinical Determinant of Dependence and Low Quality of Life in Elderly @entity1 with @entity65 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression', 'major depression']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['physical illness']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['increase in chronic-degenerative diseases']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['dependence']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease', 'cardiovascular diseases']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['Depression']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Despite data linking @entity71 ( @entity71 ) and adult binge eating, there are limited data in @entity1 with loss of control (LOC) eating. We examined inhibitory control in @entity1 with LOC eating syndrome (LOC-ES) and its association with @entity71 . METHOD: 79 @entity1 (8-14 years) over the fifth weight percentile were recruited, irrespective of LOC eating or @entity71 status. The Eating Disorder Examination for @entity1 and the Standard Pediatric Eating Episode Interview assessed LOC-ES. @entity71 diagnosis was determined by the Schedule for @entity1316 and @entity161 for @entity1 and Conners-3 (Parent Report) DSM-IV Scales of Inattention and/or @entity2915 (T score>65). The Go/No-Go (GNG) Task and the Behavior Regulation Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF) assessed impulse control. RESULTS: Odds of LOC-ES were increased 12 times for @entity1 with @entity71 (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]   = 12.68, 95% confidence interval [CI]   =   3.11, 51.64, p   <   0.001), after adjusting for BMI z scores and relevant covariates. @entity1 had 1.17 times higher odds of reporting LOC-ES with every 5% increase in GNG Commission Rate (aOR   =   1.17, CI   =   1.01, 1.36, p   <   0.05) and 1.25 times higher odds of reporting LOC-ES with every 5 unit T-score increase in BRIEF Inhibit Scale (aOR   =   1.25, CI   =   1.04, 1.50, p   <   0.05). DISCUSSION: @entity1 with @entity71 had significantly greater odds of LOC-ES compared to @entity1 without @entity71 . @entity1 with LOC-ES had significantly greater impulse control deficits on performance-based neuropsychological assessments and on parent reports than @entity1 without LOC-ES. These findings suggest a need to investigate possible shared mechanisms such as impulse control deficits, among @entity1 with LOC-ES and @entity71 .    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc (Int J Eat Disord 2015).

title: Pediatric loss of control eating syndrome: Association with XXXX and impulsivity.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity71 :: ('MESH:D001289', 'Disease') :: ['ADHD', 'Attention-deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder']

entities_list: @entity1316 :: ('MESH:D019964', 'Disease') :: ['Affective Disorders']

entities_list: @entity2915 :: ('MESH:D006948', 'Disease') :: ['Hyperactivity']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['Schizophrenia']

answer: @entity71 :: (MESH:D001289,Disease) :: ['attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder']


abstract: The alpha emitter 211At is a prospective radionuclide for the therapy of smaller @entity5 and @entity3 . However, the chemical properties of 211At together with the fact that it is available only in trace amounts, makes the labelling of prospective @entity32120 carriers rather complicated. In this context we have studied a new class of possible @entity32120 carriers--nanoparticle systems, which tend to concentrate themselves in some types of @entity5 by means of the EPR effect. Additionally, such nanoparticles have the advantage that they may be chemically modified by the attachment of a @entity5 -seeking agent, and also directly applied to the target site. In order to reach high labelling yields, and in order to protect the nanoparticles from rapid degradation by the immune system, @entity575 -containing particles covalently coated by @entity968 were developed and tested. The effect of the different reducing and oxidizing agents on the labelling yield was also determined. It was found that labelling yields were almost quantitative and well reproducible under reducing conditions, while under oxidizing conditions they dropped to ca. 50%. In the absence of any reducing or oxidizing agent, the labelling yields were randomly distributed between a range of 50% and 97%. The labelled nanoparticles were stable even in a large surplus of competing @entity2865 ions.

title: Astatination of nanoparticles containing XXXX as possible carriers of 211At.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity2865 :: ('CHEBI:17996', 'Chemical') :: ['chloride']

entities_list: @entity968 :: ('MESH:D011092', 'Chemical') :: ['poly(ethylene oxide)']

answer: @entity575 :: (MESH:D012834,Chemical) :: ['silver']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Major amputations are rarely performed for @entity320 , with limb-preserving techniques used whenever possible. This article reviews the indications for major amputation in @entity1 with @entity320 and reports outcomes with the aim of better classifying progressive and potentially curable disease patterns. METHODS: At a single institution in Australia, 55 major amputations were performed for @entity320 in 51 @entity1 treated between 1984 and 2012. Clinicopathologic characteristics, treatments before amputation, and outcomes were analyzed. RESULTS: The 55 cases included 17 upper limb (9 forequarter) and 38 lower limb (3 hindquarter) amputations. The most common reasons for amputation were progressive in-transit metastases (ITM, 67  %), troublesome limb metastases from distant sites (14  %), @entity158 or @entity1066 after regional chemotherapy (14  %) and otherwise inoperable regional recurrence (6  %). Regional chemotherapy was used before amputation for 58  % of the @entity1 , and for those with ITM, it was associated with an increased interval between ITM diagnosis and amputation. The overall 5-year survival rate (5YS) from the time of amputation was 22.8  %. For stage 3 @entity1 with either ITM or regional recurrence, who had all known disease resected at the time of amputation, the 5YS was 38.4  %. CONCLUSION: Major amputation may be indicated for advanced limb @entity320 when limb-preserving strategies have been exhausted. Although they have advanced @entity66 , some @entity1 undergoing potentially curative amputation can achieve long-term survival.

title: The Contemporary Role of Major Amputation in the Management of Advanced Limb XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['locoregional disease']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulceration']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma']

answer: @entity320 :: (MESH:D008545,Disease) :: ['Melanoma']


abstract: Our interest is in how particular solutions in @entity308 have a tendency to be adopted at the expense of alternative solutions. One aspect of the answer may lie in how @entity1 in positions of authority think about problems. 'Framing' refers to the way particular causalities, consequences and moralities are contained within the ways in which @entity1 communicate concepts, in particular in language and in metaphor. Naming the way problems are framed and identifying alternative frames, (i.e., 'reframing') may provide an opportunity to set problems more effectively and to identify solutions that will solve the problem more effectively. A framing analysis was conducted, drawing on interviews with senior researchers, policy makers and practitioners in the field of @entity308 . Seven principal ways in which the problem of @entity308 was framed were illuminated. These fitted into three broad approaches to the problem: individual therapeutic approaches, social competence approaches and societal approaches. @entity1 in our study were comfortable and articulate in describing the problem of @entity308 -whether they were focused on the individual or societal levels of analysis. However, they were less well versed and comfortable in discussing what they felt might be important social or societal-level solutions, lacking in both language and schema to do so. The history and hierarchy that is carried by @entity1 from the helping professions may be hindering new avenues to help mothers with new babies.

title: Solutions forgone? How health professionals frame the problem of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Participants', 'people']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['postnatal depression']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['postnatal depression']


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate whether clinically relevant levels of @entity3089 ( @entity3090 , a component of green tea) or @entity620 ( @entity620 ) could antagonize @entity1749 antitumor activity in CWR22 @entity1 prostate xenograft @entity5 . METHODS: The pharmacokinetics (PK) of @entity3090 and @entity620 were determined in immunocompromised @entity19 and compared with concentrations measured in @entity1 PK studies of dietary supplements. Antitumor activity of @entity1749 in combination with @entity3090 or @entity620 was determined using several dosing regimens to evaluate different target plasma concentrations of @entity3090 and @entity620 . RESULTS: @entity1749 dosed twice-weekly at 0.8  mg/kg IV demonstrated @entity5 growth inhibition (TGI) of 53.9-58.9%. However, when combined with @entity3090 such that the plasma concentrations of @entity3090 were >200   M at the time of @entity1749 dosing, all antitumor activity was abrogated (TGI  =  -17.7%). A lower concentration of @entity3090 (11-16   M), which is severalfold higher than measured clinically in @entity1 taking @entity3090 supplements (0.6-3   M), was not antagonistic to @entity1749 (TGI 63.5%). Pharmacodynamic studies of proteasome inhibition reflected these findings. @entity620 (40 and 500  mg/kg PO daily) was evaluated under a similar study design and did not antagonize @entity1749 antitumor activity (TGI 57.2 and 72.2%). CONCLUSIONS: No antagonism of @entity1749 is seen in preclinical in vivo experiments, where @entity3090 or @entity620 plasma concentrations are commensurate with dietary or supplemental intake. The data suggest that @entity1 receiving @entity1749 treatment do not need to avoid normal dietary consumption of green tea, @entity620 -containing foods, or @entity3090 or @entity620 dietary supplements.

title: Preclinical evaluation of the antitumor activity of XXXX in combination with @entity620 or with @entity3089 , a component of green tea.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity620 :: ('MESH:D001205', 'Chemical') :: ['ascorbic acid', 'Ascorbic acid', 'vitamin C']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity3089 :: ('MESH:C045651', 'Chemical') :: ['epigallocatechin gallate']

entities_list: @entity1749 :: ('MESH:C400082', 'Chemical') :: ['bortezomib', 'Bortezomib']

answer: @entity1749 :: (MESH:C400082,Chemical) :: ['bortezomib']


abstract: The authors report a phase II pilot investigation in the Southwest Oncology Group examining a combination of @entity1487 , @entity632 , and @entity786 (FAC) incorporating modulated @entity1487 in @entity1 with @entity0 . @entity1 with @entity0 were treated with this "neo-FAC" as front-line therapy. The regimen consisted of @entity1487 by continuous ambulatory infusion pump at 200 mg/m2/day for 42 days, repeated at 56-day intervals; @entity632 at 20 mg/m2/week intravenously to a maximum cumulative total dose (including adjuvant therapy, if any) of 500 mg/m2; @entity786 60 mg/m2/day taken orally; @entity1499 15 mg/m2/week intravenously beginning 1 week after termination of @entity632 ; and oral @entity229 decreasing from 60 mg/day on a tapering schedule for a total of 7 weeks of treatment. Treatment was continued until progression, unacceptable @entity137 , or @entity1 refusal. Twenty-four @entity1 were accrued to this study. Of these, two were ineligible, and the remaining 22 were evaluable for response. Ten @entity1 experienced grade 3 @entity137 , and six had grade 4. There were no treatment-associated @entity204 . Best responses were a complete response in one @entity1 (5%) and partial responses in 6, for an overall response rate of 32% (7/22 evaluable @entity1 ). Overall survival in five pilot studies in the Southwest Oncology Group in this poor-prognosis population are relatively superimposable. The present regimen, with its relatively poor outcome and the expense and inconvenience of administering chemotherapy by ambulatory infusion pump, will not be pursued further.

title: 'Neo-FAC' ( @entity1487 , XXXX , and @entity786 ) for @entity0 : a Southwest Oncology Group Phase II Study.

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['poor-prognosis stage IV breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

answer: @entity632 :: (MESH:D004317,Chemical) :: ['doxorubicin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Weight loss after gastric bypass varies among @entity1 . It is difficult to maintain contact with @entity1 who have undergone surgery several years previously. Continued and long-term follow-up care at a bariatric surgery clinic might be a factor affecting long-term excess @entity353 (EWL). METHODS: @entity1 with 3-4 years of follow-up data after laparoscopic gastric bypass were included in this retrospective analysis. The @entity1 were divided into 3 groups: group 1 @entity1 had attended every scheduled postoperative appointment, group 2 @entity1 had attended every appointment for 1 year before being lost to follow-up, and group 3 @entity1 had been lost to follow-up before 1 year. Comparisons were made to determine the relationship between the length of follow-up and EWL. RESULTS: We identified 34 group 1 @entity1 and 51 group 2 or 3 @entity1 of 130 @entity1 eligible to be included as determined by their date of surgery. The interval since surgery was similar at approximately 3 years. Although the EWL did not differ at 1 year of follow-up (mean EWL 70% for group 1 versus 65% for group 2, P >.05), a significant difference in the EWL was observed at 3-4 years (74% for group 1 versus 61% for group 2 versus 56% for group 3; P <.05). The distance traveled to the clinic was similar for all 3 groups. The most common explanation for missed follow-up appointments was a lack of insurance coverage. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic gastric bypass @entity1 who attended all scheduled follow-up appointments experienced greater long-term @entity353 than those who did not. On-going, multidisciplinary care is likely a critical component in maintaining the benefit after surgery. @entity1 must be encouraged to continue to attend their bariatric medical appointments, and payors should provide coverage for these visits.

title: Impact of routine and long-term follow-up on XXXX after laparoscopic gastric bypass.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

answer: @entity353 :: (MESH:D015431,Disease) :: ['weight loss']