abstract: OBJECTIVE: Quality of life (QoL) is an important outcome in evaluating treatment effect in severe @entity63 . The randomized, double blind, placebo controlled JUVENTAS trial, investigating the effect of bone marrow derived mononuclear cell (BMMNC) administration in no option severe @entity63 , showed an improved QoL at 6 months compared with baseline in both the treatment and placebo groups. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether the improved QoL persisted beyond 6 months' follow up, whether this differed in both trial arms, and if major amputation influenced QoL. METHODS: Short form 36 (SF-36) and EuroQol 5D (EQ5D), including the EQ Visual Analogue Scale (EQ-VAS), questionnaires were sent to JUVENTAS trial @entity1 . In the JUVENTAS trial, a norm based scoring method was applied to report the results of the SF-36. The results of the long-term follow up were compared with baseline and 6 month follow up and the results of both trial arms were compared, as were the results of @entity1 with and without amputation. RESULTS: One hundred and nine @entity1 (86.5% of surviving @entity1 ) responded to the questionnaires. Median follow up after inclusion was 33 months (interquartile range [IQR] 21.2-50.6) for the BMMNC and 36 months (IQR 21.4-50.9) for the placebo group. The improvement in QoL at 6 months persisted in both arms at a median follow up of 35 months. The long-term QoL did not differ between the BMMNC and placebo group in any of the SF-36 or EQ5D domains. @entity1 with and without a major amputation had similar QoL scores. CONCLUSIONS: The increased QoL in @entity1 with no option severe @entity63 persisted until 3 years after inclusion, but did not differ between the BMMNC and placebo arms or between @entity1 with and without a major amputation.

title: Quality of Life After Treatment with Autologous Bone Marrow Derived Cells in No Option Severe XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['limb ischemia']

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['Limb Ischemia']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: For @entity1823 , the goal of treatment is microsurgical excision. To minimize postoperative @entity51 , stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) was performed as an alternative treatment option. Stereotactic fractionated radiotherapy (SRT) could be a further alternative. This study aims at the assessment of local control, side effects, and quality of life (QoL). @entity1 AND METHODS: Between 1999-2005, 17 @entity1 were treated with SRT. 11/17 underwent previous operations. 6/17 received primary SRT. Treatment was delivered by a linear accelerator with 6-MV photons. Median cumulative dose was 57.0 Gy. Local control, radiologic regression, @entity137 , and symptomatology were evaluated half-yearly by clinical examination and MRI scans. QoL was assessed by Short Form-36 (SF-36). RESULTS: Median follow-up was 40 months. Freedom from progression and overall survival for 5 years were 100% and 93.8%. Radiologic regression was seen in 5/16 cases, 11/16 @entity1 were stable. Median @entity5 shrinkage was 17.9% (p=0.14). Severe acute @entity137 (grade 3-4) or any late @entity137 was never seen. Main symptoms improved in 9/16 @entity1 , 7/16 were stable. QoL was not affected in @entity1 receiving primary SRT. CONCLUSION: SRT offers an additional treatment option of high efficacy with less side effects, especially in cases of large @entity5 , morbidity, or recurrences after incomplete resections.

title: Fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy of XXXX . Local control, @entity137 , symptomatology, and quality of life.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurologic deficits']

entities_list: @entity1823 :: ('MESH:D010235', 'Disease') :: ['glomus jugulare tumors']

answer: @entity1823 :: (MESH:D010235,Disease) :: ['glomus jugulare tumors']


abstract: PURPOSE: Systemic alkalinization is recommended for resuscitation from local anesthetic-induced @entity1370 . It has been suggested that inducing @entity5838 , prior to exposure to toxic concentrations of local anesthetics, may minimize @entity1370 . However, it remains unclear whether inducing severe @entity5838 after administration of local anesthetics will minimize the duration of @entity1168 . We used isolated @entity35 hearts to investigate the effects of @entity5838 on heart rate (HR) recovery from @entity1341 or @entity1343 -induced @entity1168 . METHODS: We measured the time required for the HR in 24 isolated @entity35 hearts, respectively, to attain 90% of the baseline HR (recovery time) following @entity1168 induced by 1 microg x mL(-1) and 10 microg x mL(-1) concentrations of either @entity1341 or @entity1343 . Normal pH perfusate ( @entity1341 or @entity1343 with normal pH washout groups) or severe @entity5838 perfusate ( @entity1341 or @entity1343 with @entity5838 washout groups) were reperfused after exposure to the local anesthetics. RESULTS: Severe @entity5838 prolonged the recovery time from 273 +/- 122 sec, at the 1 microg x mL(-1) @entity1341 concentration with normal pH washout, to 1203 +/- 540 sec, in the @entity1341 with @entity5838 washout (p = 0.029). Severe @entity5838 also prolonged the recovery time from 1153 +/- 644 sec, at a 10 microg x mL(-1) @entity1341 concentration in the normal pH washout group, to 2065 +/- 617 sec, in the @entity1341 with @entity5838 washout group (p = 0.032). With @entity1343 10 microg x mL(-1) in the normal pH washout group, HR recovery time increased from 863 +/- 186 sec to 1565 +/- 567 sec, compared to the @entity5838 washout group (p = 0.045). CONCLUSIONS: Severe @entity5838 prolonged the recovery time from @entity1341 or @entity1343 -induced @entity1168 in isolated @entity35 hearts. When @entity1168 occurs after intravascular @entity1341 or @entity1343 administration, maintenance of normocapnia may minimize the duration of @entity1168 .

title: Hypocapnia prolongs @entity1168 induced by XXXX or @entity1343 in isolated @entity35 hearts.

entities_list: @entity5838 :: ('MESH:D000471', 'Disease') :: ['hypocapnic alkalosis']

entities_list: @entity1341 :: ('MESH:D002045', 'Chemical') :: ['bupivacaine']

entities_list: @entity1370 :: ('MESH:D066126', 'Disease') :: ['cardiotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity1343 :: ('MESH:C476513', 'Chemical') :: ['levobupivacaine']

entities_list: @entity1168 :: ('MESH:D001919', 'Disease') :: ['bradycardia']

answer: @entity1341 :: (MESH:D002045,Chemical) :: ['bupivacaine']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to build a model to explain the relationships between social support, uncontrollability appraisal, adaptive coping, and posttraumatic growth (PTG) among @entity5 @entity1 in China. METHODS: The @entity1 who were @entity5 @entity1 in a @entity5 hospital in China filled out a survey. The final sample size was 201. @entity2383 ( @entity2383 ) was used to to build a model explaining PTG. RESULTS: @entity2383 results indicated higher levels of social support predicted higher levels of adaptive coping, higher levels of uncontrollability appraisal predicted lower levels of adaptive coping, and higher levels of adaptive coping predicted higher levels of PTG. Moreover, adaptive coping was a mediator between social support and growth, as well as a mediator between uncontrollability and growth. The direct effects of social support and uncontrollability on PTG were insignificant. CONCLUSIONS: The model demonstrated the relationships between social support, untrollability appraisal, adaptive coping, and PTG. It could be concluded that uncontrollability appraisal was a required but not sufficient condition for PTG. Neither social support nor uncontrollability appraisal had direct influence on PTG. However, social support and uncontrollability might indirectly influence PTG, through adaptive coping. It implies that both internal factors (e.g., cognitive appraisal, coping) and external factors (e.g., social support) are required in order for growth to happen.

title: Modeling Posttraumatic Growth among @entity5 XXXX : The Roles of Social Support, Appraisals, and Adaptive Coping.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2383 :: ('MESH:D028361', 'Disease') :: ['SEM', 'Structural equation modeling']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: PURPOSE: To compare the @entity2194 score (OTS) and the paediatric penetrating @entity2194 score (POTS) as prognostic model for visual outcome in paediatric traumatic @entity231 cases after penetrating @entity4858 . METHODS: All @entity1 younger than 16 years with unilateral traumatic @entity231 following penetrating @entity130 between 2007 and 2012 were retrospectively reviewed. Univariate chi-square analysis was conducted to identify the variables associated with profound @entity227 . The area under the receiver-operating characteristic curves (AUROC) was used to assess the predictive ability of the two models. RESULTS: The study group comprised 65 @entity1 and 37 @entity1 . The variables associated with profound @entity227 were: a relative afferent @entity1377 (P=0.01), @entity548 (P<0.001), @entity1713 (P<0.001), posterior penetrating site (P<0.001), @entity5891 (P<0.001), no intraocular len implantation (P<0.001) and @entity3225 (P=0.001). OTS could not be calculated in 21 @entity1 (20.6%) without clinical data on initial visual acuity and RAPD. For the @entity1 with complete clinical data, POTS was similar to OTS in predicting @entity227 (AUROC 0.904 vs 0.924) and in predicting good vision (AUROC 0.766 vs 0.736). For all the samples, POTS was a robust predictor of @entity227 (AUROC 0.910) and had a moderate ability to predict good vision (AUROC 0.764). CONCLUSION: OTS has high ability to predict visual outcome for paediatric traumatic @entity231 following penetrating @entity2194 . POTS is also a reliable prognostic model for very young @entity1 without initial vision or RAPD, but is only for penetrating @entity4858 .

title: Two kinds of @entity2194 score for paediatric traumatic @entity231 in penetrating XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['child', 'children', 'patients', 'girls', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity1377 :: ('MESH:D002291', 'Disease') :: ['papillary defect (RAPD) (P<0.001), poor initial vision']

entities_list: @entity2194 :: ('MESH:D005128', 'Disease') :: ['ocular trauma']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual loss', 'poor vision']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['vitreous haemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity1713 :: ('MESH:D012163', 'Disease') :: ['retinal detachment']

entities_list: @entity4858 :: ('MESH:D005131', 'Disease') :: ['eye injuries']

entities_list: @entity3225 :: ('MESH:D009877', 'Disease') :: ['endophthalmitis']

answer: @entity4858 :: (MESH:D005131,Disease) :: ['eye injuries']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The purpose of our study was to investigate (by postal questionnaire) the long-term quality of life (QoL) in Chinese @entity1 who have had resections of @entity135 and immediate reconstruction by radial forearm free flaps. We performed a retrospective questionnaire survey and case series in the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University. The subjects were consecutive @entity1 treated for @entity135 during a 13-year period. The @entity1 completed the University of Washington Quality of Life (version 4) questionnaires. Among the 178 @entity1 treated during the course of 13 years, 87 were alive and disease free. Fifty-six (64.4%) of the 87 questionnaires were returned. The mean follow-up duration was 7.9 years (range, 3-13 y). Of the 12 disease-specific domains on the University of Washington Quality of Life, the best-scoring domain was @entity158 , followed by mood, @entity148 , and shoulder, whereas the lowest scores were for saliva, taste, and speech. The domains considered as the most important were saliva, speech, and taste. We conclude that the radial forearm free flap for the reconstruction of defects of the head and neck after resection for @entity5 significantly influenced the @entity1 ' long-term QoL.

title: Long-Term Quality of Life in Survivors of XXXX Who Have had Defects Reconstructed With Radial Forearm Free Flaps.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck cancer', 'head and neck cancers']

answer: @entity135 :: (MESH:D006258,Disease) :: ['Head and Neck Cancer']


abstract: The extracolonic @entity5 spectrum of @entity14 ( @entity14 ) includes @entity5 , ovaries, stomach, biliary tract, and urinary tract. This study was designed to determine the penetrance of @entity14 in @entity14 mutation carriers. Forty-nine @entity1 (22 females and 27 males) were identified with an @entity4311 germline mutation, and 56 @entity1 (28 females and 28 males) were identified with an @entity6756 I mutation. Cumulative incidence by age 60 (lifetime risk) and mean age of @entity5 diagnosis were compared. The lifetime risk of @entity5 in @entity4311 and @entity6756 carriers was 48% and 11%, respectively (P = 0.016). @entity5 risk in @entity4311 females and males was 69% and 34%, respectively (P = 0.042). Mean age of extracolonic @entity5 diagnosis was significantly older for @entity4311 males than females (55.4 vs. 39.0, P = 0.013). No difference was observed in @entity14 risk between @entity6756 and @entity4311 carriers (84% vs. 71%). @entity14 risk was 96% in @entity4311 males compared to 39% in @entity4311 females (P = 0.034). No differences in colorectal and extracolonic @entity5 risks between @entity6756 females and males were identified. The risk of extracolonic @entity5 by age 60 was greater in @entity4311 mutation carriers than in @entity6756 carriers. Gender differences in colorectal and extracolonic @entity5 risk were observed for @entity4311 carriers only. These phenotypic features of @entity14 genotypes may have clinical significance in the design of genotype-specific screening, surveillance, and follow-up for affected individuals.

title: Cumulative incidence of @entity14 in XXXX and @entity4311 mutation carriers of @entity14 .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer of the endometrium', 'cancer', 'Extracolonic cancer', 'extracolonic cancers']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['Colorectal cancer', 'hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer', 'colorectal and extracolonic tumors', 'HNPCC', 'colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity6756 :: (4292,Gene) :: ['MLH1']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: To investigate the course of functional status assessed by @entity283 ( @entity283 ) in @entity309 ( @entity309 ) @entity1 with sustained clinical remission (REM). METHODS: In recent @entity309 clinical trials, we identified @entity1 with subsequent visits of >= 24  weeks in clinical REM according to the disease activity score using 28-joint counts including @entity1851 (DAS28) ( <=2.6), or simplified disease activity index (SDAI) ( <=3.3). Area under the curve (AUC) and mean @entity283 scores throughout the time in sustained REM were compared using t test, analyses of variance (ANOVA) and adjusted general linear modeling (GLM) with repeated measures. In Cox regression analyses, the time to regain full physical function was modeled. Sensitivity analyses were performed in @entity1 of sustained SDAI low disease activity (LDA; SDAI  <=11). RESULTS: A total of 610 out of 4364 @entity1 achieved sustained DAS28 REM (14  %) and 252 SDAI REM (5.8  %). ANOVA testing for linear trend showed significant decrease of mean @entity283 from week 0 (start of REM) to week 24, regardless of REM criteria used. AUC of @entity283 throughout 24  weeks of REM was higher in DAS28 compared to SDAI REM (p  <=0.01). GLM adjusting for covariates showed significant decrease of monthly @entity283 scores from week 0 to 24 (DAS28: 0.276, 0.243, 0.229, 0.222, 0.219, 0.209 to 0.199; p   =   0.0001; SDAI: 0.147, 0.142, 0.149, 0.129, 0.123, 0.117 to 0.114; p   =   0.029). Similarly, a decrease of @entity283 over time was found in @entity1 of sustained SDAI LDA. In DAS28 REM, the chance of regaining full physical function was higher for female (hazard ratio HR [95  % confidence interval]: 1.41 [1.13-1.76]) and early @entity309 @entity1 (disease duration  <=2  years: HR 1.29 [1.01-1.65]); in SDAI REM no significant differences were found. CONCLUSIONS: Physical function continues to improve if the target of REM or LDA is sustained. The stringency of the remission criteria determines achievement of the best possible functional improvement.

title: Physical function continues to improve when clinical remission is sustained in @entity309 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA']

entities_list: @entity283 :: ('OMIM:603663', 'Disease') :: ['HAQ', 'health assessment questionnaire']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Circulating antigens in @entity35 experimentally infected with @entity9642 were examined by ELISA. From a total of 22 albino @entity35 , each fed with 25 metacercariae, blood samples were collected until 12 weeks after @entity281 . The specific antibodies against @entity9642 in the serum of an infected cat were purified by @entity1329 precipitation, @entity8851 anion-exchange chromatography and affinity chromatography serially. So-called double antibody sandwich ELISA method was used for the detection of circulationg antigens. The results were as follows: Mean value of O.D. in control sera was 0.04 (S.D.=0.04). After @entity281 , mean O.D.(S.D) values were changed serially: 0.03(0.01) at 0.5 week(3 days), 0.55(0.50) at 1 week, 0.69(0.45) at 1.5week, 0.20(0.19) at 2 weeks and 0.13(0.10) at 2.5 weeks of @entity281 . They returned, thereafter, to the level before @entity281 . When 0.16(mean+3 S.D.) were considered as cut-off value, those higher than 0.16 were observed only in the sera collected between 1 and 2.5 weeks after @entity281 . Average 8.4 immature worms (2.2 from the lungs and @entity1143 ; 6.2 from muscles) were recovered in a @entity35 at 12 weeks after @entity281 . The fact that circulating antigens were not detected after 3 weeks of @entity281 was considered to be caused by the formation of antigen-antibody complexs.

title: Detection of circulating antigens in @entity35 experimentally infected with XXXX by ELISA.

entities_list: @entity1143 :: ('MESH:D010996', 'Disease') :: ['pleural cavities']

entities_list: @entity9642 :: ('34504', 'Species') :: ['Paragonimus westermani', 'P. westermani']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity1329 :: ('MESH:D000645', 'Chemical') :: ['ammonium sulfate']

answer: @entity9642 :: (34504,Species) :: ['Paragonimus westermani']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Botulinum toxin-A detrusor injections are now approved for use (extension of marketing authorization) in the management of refractory idiopathic @entity2182 . The goal of the current study was to study the value and efficacy of this therapy. @entity1 AND METHODS: A literature review was performed on Medline, Embase and Cochrane databases, using the following keywords: botulinum toxin; @entity2182 ; @entity322 ; detrusor injection. RESULTS: The recommended first step dose is 50 units of BOTOX(  ) (dose selected for tolerance assessment). However, the cure rates for urge @entity322 are greater with 100 units. Before proposing an injection, it is recommended to ensure the feasibility and acceptability of self-catheterisation by the @entity1 , because of the risk of urinary retention (6%). The administration of BOTOX(  ) comprises an intra-detrusor injection using a cystoscope, performed under local anesthesia. Clinical improvement is generally observed in the first two weeks after the injection. @entity1 should be considered for reinjection when the clinical effect of the previous injection has diminished, approximately 6-9 months after the first injection. An injection of 100 units may be considered when the clinical benefit of the 50-unit injection is not satisfactory concerning @entity322 symptoms. CONCLUSION: Botulinum toxin detrusor injections may be offered to @entity1 who develop refractory OAB.

title: [Intra-detrusor injection of botulinum toxin for female refractory idiopathic XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['urinary incontinence', 'incontinence']

entities_list: @entity2182 :: ('MESH:D053201', 'Disease') :: ['overactive bladder syndrome', 'overactive bladder']

answer: @entity2182 :: (MESH:D053201,Disease) :: ['overactive bladder syndrome']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In Norway, only doctors, physiotherapists and chiropractors are authorised to examine and treat @entity1 suffering from @entity1643 . This study compares knowledge, attitudes and practice among these professional groups. MATERIAL AND METHODS: All 1105 doctors, physiotherapists and chiropractors in three Norwegian counties received a questionnaire with one section about knowledge, one about the action that respondents would recommend for various diagnoses, and one focused on attitudes towards @entity615 . RESULTS AND INTERPRETATIONS: The chiropractors had the largest number of @entity615 @entity1 in their practice and expressed the highest degree of professional interest in the field. We found no essential differences regarding knowledge between the groups. 77 % of the physiotherapists would refer @entity697 to a doctor, while only 24 % of the chiropractors would do so. 65 % of the doctors and 10 % of the chiropractors would refer a chronic @entity1643 @entity1 for physical therapy. Doctors and physiotherapists have a longstanding tradition of mutual cooperation, while chiropractors only seldom seem to refer to other care providers. One in five doctors and chiropractors, and 13 % of the physiotherapists, refer an acute unspecific @entity1643 to plain X-ray, which is not in accordance with the guidelines. Very few health care providers regarded @entity1643 as disabling. There are also few professionals who believe it possible to find an exact cause for the @entity615 in the individual @entity1 .

title: [Knowledge, practice and attitudes to XXXX among doctors, physiotherapists and chiropractors].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity615 :: ('MESH:D001416', 'Disease') :: ['back pain']

entities_list: @entity1643 :: ('MESH:D017116', 'Disease') :: ['low back pain']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute sciatica']

answer: @entity615 :: (MESH:D001416,Disease) :: ['back pain']


abstract: Neural restoration has proven to be difficult after @entity64 , especially in its chronic stage. This is mainly due to the generation of an unpropitious niche in the injured area, including loss of vascular support but production of numerous inhibitors against neuronal regeneration. Reconstruction of a proper niche for promoting local angiogenesis, therefore, should be a key approach for neural restoration after @entity64 . In the present study, a new biomaterial composite that could be implanted in injured area of the brain was created for experimental therapy of @entity2806 in the @entity19 . This composite was made using a hyaluronic acid (HA) based biodegradable hydrogel scaffold, mixed with @entity7050 ( @entity7050 ) microspheres containing @entity1611 ( @entity1611 ) and @entity2326 ( @entity2326 ), two factors that stimulate angiogenesis. In addition, the antibody of @entity43493 ( @entity43493 -Ab), which can bind to multiple inhibitory myelin proteins and promote neural regeneration, was covalently attached to the hydrogel, making the hydrogel more bioactive and suitable for neural survival. This composite (HA- @entity7050 ) was implanted into the @entity19 model with @entity2500 ( @entity2500 ), to explore a new approach for restoration of brain function after @entity63 . A good survival and proliferation of @entity1 umbilical artery endothelial cells (HUAECs) and neural stem cells (NSCs) were seen on the HA hydrogel with @entity7050 microspheres in vitro. This new material was shown to have good compatibility with the brain tissue and inhibition to @entity5219 and @entity32 after its implantation in the normal or @entity63 brain of @entity19 . Particularly, good angiogenesis was found around the implanted HA- @entity7050 hydrogel and the @entity19 models clearly showed a behavioral improvement. The results in this present study indicate, therefore, that the HA- @entity7050 hydrogel is a promising material which is able to induce angiogenesis in the @entity63 region by releasing @entity1611 and @entity2326 , thus create a suitable niche for neural restoration in later stages of @entity64 . This manuscript is published as part of the International Association of Neurorestoratology (IANR) special issue of Cell Transplantation.

title: The Experimental Therapy on XXXX by Improvement of Local Angiogenesis with Tissue Engineering in The @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'brain stroke']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['brain ischemia']

entities_list: @entity2500 :: ('MESH:D020244', 'Disease') :: ['MCAO', 'middle cerebral artery occlusion']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia', 'ischemic']

entities_list: @entity7050 :: ('MESH:C043435', 'Chemical') :: ['PLGA', 'poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)']

entities_list: @entity1611 :: ('22339(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor', 'VEGF']

answer: @entity2806 :: (MESH:D002545,Disease) :: ['Brain Ischemia']


abstract: A review of the surgical management of penetrating @entity1914 in the @entity130 Unit at Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, is presented. MATERIALS AND METHODS: a retrospective analysis of all surgically treated penetrating @entity1914 over a 3-year period was performed. The policy is to repair all injuries to the common and internal carotid arteries. Ligation is reserved for @entity1 with prolonged @entity772 ; @entity1188 or @entity4 on computerised axial tomography of the brain; technically inaccessible high internal @entity1914 , and those with occluded arteries with no distal patency detected during surgery or with angiography. RESULTS: thirty-two @entity1 with penetrating @entity1914 were reviewed. Eleven @entity1 underwent emergency exploration. Twenty-one @entity1 had angiography prior to exploration. @entity130 in the emergency group were all repaired, with improvement in level of consciousness; also, two @entity1 had preoperative @entity51 that improved. Three of the 21 @entity1 in the urgent group underwent ligation of the common @entity2998 : one @entity772 @entity1 with a @entity1269 died following ligation; the other two had improvement in their level of consciousness, one of whom showed improvement of his @entity1269 . The remaining injuries to the common and internal carotid arteries were repaired with improvement in level of consciousness and @entity51 when present. CONCLUSION: operative repair offers the best chance of recovery.

title: An analysis of 32 surgically managed penetrating XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1269 :: ('MESH:D010291', 'Disease') :: ['hemiparesis']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral oedema']

entities_list: @entity2998 :: ('MESH:D002340', 'Disease') :: ['carotid artery']

entities_list: @entity772 :: ('MESH:D003128', 'Disease') :: ['coma', 'comatose']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deficits', 'neurological deficit']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['ischaemic infarcts']

entities_list: @entity1914 :: ('MESH:D020212', 'Disease') :: ['carotid artery injuries']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['Trauma', 'Injuries']

answer: @entity1914 :: (MESH:D020212,Disease) :: ['carotid artery injuries']


abstract: Mepitel is a new grid like @entity1346 coated nylon dressing containing no additional biological compounds. We describe a prospective randomized pilot study comparing Mepitel to the standard @entity1217 cream ( @entity1217 ) dressing for the topical treatment of paediatric burns. Seventy-six @entity1 presenting within 24 h of injury with a non previously treated burn were randomly assigned to Mepitel treatment (group M) or @entity1217 treatment (group F). Age, sex, surface area of burn and causal agent were noted at admission. The depth of the burn, cumulative number of dressings, presence or absence of a complete epithelial cover, infection, bleeding and @entity566 were noted at each dressing change. There were 41 @entity1 in group M and 35 @entity1 in group F. Five @entity1 were subsequently withdrawn from each group because they required skin grafting. Analysis of the above mentioned criteria showed no statistical difference between the two groups except for the healing time (group M: 7.58+/-3.12, group F: 11.26+/-6.02, p < 0.01) and the number of dressings (group M: 3.64+/-1.5, group F: 5.13+/-2.9, p < 0.05). Mepitel has proved to be an easy-to-remove dressing, adhering only to intact skin. The faster healing time found in the Mepitel group may be related to a direct effect of @entity1346 on epithelial growth or to a decrease in surface-cell damage compared to the @entity1217 group. This attractive product will be further assessed on a larger scale trial to confirm our observations.

title: A XXXX -coated nylon dressing reduces healing time in burned paediatric @entity1 in comparison with standard sulfadiazine treatment: a prospective randomized trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity1217 :: ('MESH:D012837', 'Chemical') :: ['silver sulfadiazine', 'Flamazine']

entities_list: @entity1346 :: ('MESH:D012828', 'Chemical') :: ['silicone']

answer: @entity1346 :: (MESH:D012828,Chemical) :: ['silicone']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of calpeptin on @entity130 and @entity194 under controlled mechanical ventilation in @entity35 . METHODS: A total of 24 SPF Sprague-Dawley (SD) @entity35 were randomly divided into anesthetized control group (CON group), 24-hour controlled mechanical ventilation group ( @entity2834 group), and 24-hour @entity2834 + treatment with calpeptin group (CMVC group), with 8 @entity35 in each group. Animals in the CON group received an intraperitoneal injection of @entity4485 without @entity2834 and continuous infusion of @entity4485 . A small-animal ventilator was used for 24 hours in @entity35 of @entity2834 group. @entity35 of CMVC were treated with a specific calpain inhibitor @entity46404 (4 mg/kg). The drug was injected subcutaneously 2 hours before and 8, 15 and 23 hours after mechanical ventilation. Changes in diaphragm ultrastructure, light microscopic picture, and @entity3998 ( @entity3998 ) expression were observed. RESULTS: (1) Alignment of myofilaments and normal Z-band, and the shape of mitochondria were maintained in CON group as revealed by electron microscope. The signs of misalignment of myofibrils, disruption of Z-band and vacuolar mitochondria were found in @entity2834 group, and they were obviously improved in CMVC group. The density of @entity121 ( 10(-2)/ m(2)) in @entity2834 group was significantly higher than that in control group (36.8  13.7 vs. 6.4  6.3, t=6.373, P=0.001), and that in CMVC group was significantly lowered (17.6  9.1 vs. 36.8  13.7, t=3.694, P=0.002).(2) In CON group, the diaphragm fibers appeared regular in cross section without pathologic change under light microscopy. Fuzzy muscle striations, irregular muscle fibers, centralized nuclei and swelling of capillary endothelial cells were observed in @entity2834 group, while pathological changes in the CMVC group were milder significantly. (3) In @entity2834 group, the density of MHCslow and MHCfast was lower compared with that of CON group, and the gray value was lowered by 61.1% (t=8.138, P=0.001) and 77.1% (t=8.844, P=0.001), respectively, especially in MHCfast. However, the gray values of MHCslow and MHCfast were increased by 1.51 folds (t=4.601, P=0.010), and 1.33 folds (t=2.859, P=0.011), respectively, after treatment with calpeptin, and the elevation was more significantly in MHCslow. CONCLUSIONS: @entity130 and @entity194 were found after @entity2834 for 24 hours. Calpeptin could reverse the detrimental effects of @entity2834 , and it suggested that calpain plays an important role in modulating the ventilator-induced dysfunction of the diaphragm.

title: [The effect of calpeptin on injury and @entity194 of diaphragm under mechanical ventilation in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity4485 :: ('MESH:D010424', 'Chemical') :: ['pentobarbital sodium']

entities_list: @entity46404 :: ('MESH:C071482', 'Chemical') :: ['calpeptin']

entities_list: @entity3998 :: ('3133', 'Gene') :: ['myosin heavy chain', 'MHC']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['muscle injury']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['Diaphragmatic injury', 'diaphragmatic injury']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: We report a case of multiple intestinal @entity706 accompanied by rapid growth of cutaneous infiltration after surgery. An 86-year-old @entity1 visited our hospital complainingof lower @entity490 . @entity5 in the sigmoidal and ascendingcolon were detected by usingcolonoscopy and computed tomography; therefore, we performed surgery. Postoperative pathological examination identified the sigmoidal @entity694 as an @entity420 and the ascending @entity694 as a @entity706 . The @entity5 in the ileum and the ileal diverticulum, which were simultaneously excised, were also diagnosed as @entity1892 . After surgery, rapid appearance of multiple light purple nodules on the skin of the right thigh was observed. Histological examination of biopsied skin nodules led to a diagnosis of @entity1892 , similar to the previously removed @entity5 . Although radiotherapy and chemotherapy were administered to the dermatological lesion that reached an advanced stage, the disease condition was progressive. The @entity1 was transferred to another hospital to receive medical treatment 3 months postoperatively. We consider these dermatological lesions to be dermal infiltration of @entity1892 originating from @entity5 in the intestinal tract.

title: [A case of multiple intestinal XXXX accompanied by rapid growth of cutaneous infiltration after surgery].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['Bcell lymphoma', 'lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Multiple tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ['B-cell lymphomas', 'B-cell lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon tumor']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity706 :: (MESH:D008223,Disease) :: ['lymphomas']


abstract: @entity32 is a risk factor for @entity2 , and low-dose @entity117 intake reduces @entity2 risk. However, the roles that specific inflammatory cells and their products play in @entity105 have yet to be fully elucidated. In @entity19 , alveolar macrophage numbers increase as @entity2 progress, and pulmonary macrophage programing changes within 2   weeks of carcinogen exposure. To examine how macrophages specifically affect @entity2 progression, they were depleted in @entity19 bearing @entity4774 -induced @entity2 using @entity19160 -encapsulated liposomes. Alveolar macrophage populations decreased to  <=50% of control levels after 4-6   weeks of liposomal @entity19160 treatment. @entity5 burden decreased by 50% compared to vehicle treated @entity19 , and @entity5 cell proliferation, as measured by @entity14160 staining, was also attenuated. Pulmonary fluid levels of insulin-like growth factor-I, @entity15891 , @entity777 , and @entity1750 diminished with @entity19160 liposome treatment. @entity5 -associated macrophages expressed markers of both M1 and M2 programing in vehicle and @entity19160 liposome-treated @entity19 . @entity19 lacking @entity13766 (the receptor for macrophage chemotactic factor @entity1750 ) had comparable numbers of alveolar macrophages and showed no difference in @entity5 growth rates when compared to similarly treated wild-type @entity19 suggesting that while @entity1750 may recruit macrophages to @entity2 microenvironments, redundant pathways can compensate when @entity1750 / @entity13766 signaling is inactivated. Depletion of pulmonary macrophages rather than inhibition of their recruitment may be an advantageous strategy for attenuating @entity2 progression.

title: Depletion of XXXX -associated macrophages slows the growth of chemically induced @entity19 lung adenocarcinomas.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic inflammation']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung tumors', 'lung cancer', 'lung tumor']

entities_list: @entity4774 :: ('MESH:D014520', 'Chemical') :: ['urethane']

entities_list: @entity19160 :: ('MESH:D004002', 'Chemical') :: ['clodronate']

entities_list: @entity105 :: ('MESH:D063646', 'Disease') :: ['lung carcinogenesis']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumor']


abstract: There is a high prevalence of @entity453 in @entity1 with @entity1095 ( @entity1095 ). Following elective @entity1028 ( @entity1028 ) repair the commonest cause for perioperative @entity204 is cardiac-related. @entity1 at high risk of developing perioperative adverse cardiac events can be identified. Means of identification include clinical history and examination with or without the calculation of a scoring index, stress testing and measurement of ejection fractions. The use of dipyridamole @entity4214 scanning (DTS) in @entity1 with @entity1095 results in about 1/3 of @entity1 having normal scans, 1/3 showing reversible and 1/3 fixed defects. It has been generally accepted that fixed defects represent a completed @entity583 and @entity1 are at no greater risk of developing perioperative @entity299 than those @entity1 with normal scans. However, delayed scans show that some of these "fixed" defects are in fact reversible. Evidence of a redistribution defect implies @entity296 . The debate centres on whether identification of such defects and their correction will improve perioperative mortality following @entity1028 repair. There is no evidence that identification and correcting @entity453 in asymptomatic @entity1 results either in improved operative mortality or long-term survival. "Routine" use of DTS or any other means of cardiac investigation cannot be justified. @entity1 who clinically fall into a "high risk" category perhaps should be investigated but a case could be made for simply optimising their medical treatment and not carrying out either coronary revascularisation or @entity439 repair.

title: XXXX . Is routine dipyridamole thallium scintigraphy still justified?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1095 :: ('MESH:D016491', 'Disease') :: ['PVD', 'peripheral vascular disease']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial ischaemia']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity4214 :: ('MESH:D013793', 'Chemical') :: ['thallium']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac complications']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity1028 :: ('MESH:D017544', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal aortic aneurysm', 'AAA']

answer: @entity453 :: (MESH:D003324,Disease) :: ['Abdominal aortic aneurysms and concomitant coronary artery disease']


abstract: PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: The purpose of this study was to evaluate effectiveness of modified gap arthroplasty procedure and modified Myrhaug's preauricular incision for treating bony @entity1348 ( @entity1348 ) @entity3947 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 10 cases were included in the study with Sawhney's type III and IV @entity1348 @entity3947 . Study consisted of 6 males and 4 females. Three cases were treated for bilateral @entity3947 and 7 were treated for unilateral @entity3947 . All the @entity1 were treated with modified gap arthroplasty and modified Myrhaug's incision was used. In this modification, osteotomy cuts were modified in such a way that coronoid process was also removed simultaneously along with the osteotomized ankylosed mass in one piece. RESULTS: All the @entity1 were followed up for 5 years and none of them presented with recurrence. Two @entity1 had transient paresis to zygomatic and temporal branch of facial nerve and none had permanent @entity16 . Seven @entity1 @entity2133 opening more than 25 mm (p) when followed for 5 years. @entity18521 was seen in 4 @entity1 and deviation of the jaw on ipsilateral side was noted in 2 @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Modified gap arthroplasty gave successful results in the follow-up period and eliminated the need of separate coronoidectomy. Use of modified Myrhaug's preauricular approach, provided excellent visibility particularly of the elongated coronoid process, minimized @entity548 , prevented @entity75 surrounding the joint and gave acceptable cosmetic results. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The modified incision has been found to be reducing intra- and postoperative morbidity as well as provides excellent accessibility. The modified osteotomy technique eliminated the need for separate coronoidectomy thus significantly reducing the operating time.

title: Modified gap arthroplasty and Myrhaug's incision as a treatment option in management of XXXX @entity3947 : a study of 10 cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['damage to the vital anatomical structures']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['damage to the nerve']

entities_list: @entity3947 :: ('MESH:D000844', 'Disease') :: ['ankylosis']

entities_list: @entity18521 :: ('MESH:D024343', 'Disease') :: ['Anterior open bite']

entities_list: @entity1348 :: ('MESH:D013706', 'Disease') :: ['TMJ', 'temporomandibular joint']

answer: @entity1348 :: (MESH:D013706,Disease) :: ['temporomandibular joint']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity130 care of @entity1514 and @entity3511 is currently in turmoil because of both a decrease in the number of these @entity130 and a concomitant increase in their nonsurgical management. The goal of this study was to evaluate the incidence of @entity1514 and @entity3511 in the province of Quebec and the number of associated surgical procedures. METHODS: @entity1 with blunt @entity1514 or @entity3511 taken to a tertiary @entity130 center in the province of Quebec from April 1, 1998 to March 31, 2002 were identified. @entity1 who were dead on arrival were excluded. Only @entity1 with an Abbreviated Injury Scale score > or =2 for the @entity1514 or abdominal regions were included. RESULTS: During the study period, a total of 16,430 @entity130 @entity1 were admitted to one of the four @entity130 centers. A total of 2,660 (16.2%) @entity1 sustained @entity1514 and/or @entity3511 with an Abbreviated Injury Scale score >1. Among these, the median Injury Severity Score was 24 (range: 4-75) and the in-hospital mortality rate was 11.0%. There were 2,196 @entity1 (82.5%) with @entity764 , 977 @entity1 (36.7%) with @entity3511 , and 520 @entity1 (19.5%) with @entity130 to both regions. A surgical intervention was undertaken in 76 @entity1 with @entity764 (3.5%) and in 414 @entity1 with @entity3511 (42.3%). On average, 4.7 @entity1514 and 28.8 abdominal @entity130 procedures were performed per center, yearly. Each @entity130 surgeon performed, on average, less than one @entity1514 and less than five abdominal @entity130 procedures yearly. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of blunt @entity1514 and @entity3511 needing surgical intervention is low in Quebec tertiary @entity130 centers. The competence of general surgeons in @entity130 -related procedures might be compromised by such low @entity1 volume unless they frequently perform non- @entity130 surgical procedures. We think that in Quebec, @entity130 care must be provided by surgeons who practice both acute emergency and elective surgical care in addition to @entity130 care. These findings should have an important impact on the development of on-going education and resident training programs.

title: Surgical management of blunt @entity1514 and XXXX in Quebec: a limited volume.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity764 :: ('MESH:D013898', 'Disease') :: ['thoracic injuries']

entities_list: @entity3511 :: ('MESH:D000007', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal injuries']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['blunt trauma', 'injuries', 'Trauma', 'trauma']

answer: @entity3511 :: (MESH:D000007,Disease) :: ['abdominal injuries']


abstract: 72 cases of @entity1567 were obtained from the files of the Department of Pathology, School of Dentistry, Aichi-Gakuin University for the years January 1970 through December 1983. The cases were analyzed with respect to sex, age, duration, site histopathology, and treatment. Of 72 @entity1 , 63 had no previous therapy, while 9 received their initial treatment elsewhere. There were 38 males and 34 females, a ratio of 1.2: 1. At the time of diagnosis, the ages of all @entity1 ranged from 11 to 71 years, with an average of 36.6 years. About 65% of @entity1 were in the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th decades of life. The duration of symptoms varied from 2 days to 5 years, with an average of 12.6 months. 69 cases occurred in the mandible, with the molar-ramus region being the most frequent site of involvement. Only 3 were found in the maxilla. The left side of the mandible was affected 1.6 times more frequently than the right. Histopathologically, 44 cases were of the plexiform type, 15 the follicular, 10 the acanthomatous, and 2 the basal cell type. Only 1 case was of the granular cell type. Most of the findings in the present study agreed with previous available data from the literature on @entity1567 .

title: A clinicopathological study of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1567 :: ('MESH:D000564', 'Disease') :: ['ameloblastoma', 'ameloblastomas']

answer: @entity1567 :: (MESH:D000564,Disease) :: ['ameloblastomas']


abstract: AIM: A cross sectional study was carried out on 78 screened @entity231 @entity1 of two screening camps in Kathmandu valley, Nepal, to assess the willingness to pay for @entity231 surgery. METHODS: A non-probability sampling technique with open ended and close ended questionnaires was used. RESULTS: The average age of @entity1 was 68.8 years. The ratio of @entity1 and @entity1 was 0.9:1. 42.3% (33) of @entity1 were willing to pay for @entity231 surgery. Among them 48.5% (16) of @entity1 were willing to pay less than dollars 13 and 51.5% (17) were willing to pay more than dollars 13. The mean was dollars 2.3 (SD dollars 15.5) per case. @entity1 with bilateral @entity231 were more willing to pay than unilateral cases. Poverty (44.4%, 20) was the main barrier for unwillingness to pay for @entity231 surgery. Other reasons were the lack of family support (28.9%, 13), lack of knowledge of surgery and belief that it was an unnecessary procedure (15.6%, seven), and waiting for a free surgical service (11.1%, five). CONCLUSION: This study clearly indicates that although there was awareness of the availability of treatment and services provided within the reach, @entity1 are not willing to pay for the surgery and use the facility primarily because of poverty. Hence, to change @entity1 ' attitudes, a more holistic approach is needed, keeping in view the cultural, social, and economic background of the society.

title: Willingness to pay for XXXX surgery in Kathmandu valley.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'people', 'men']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

answer: @entity231 :: (MESH:D002386,Disease) :: ['cataract']


abstract: @entity1542 IgE may bring on allergic responses such as @entity113 , @entity391 , and @entity110 from eating seafood, but it is not the only etiology. Induced cholinergic @entity6587 or adrenergic blockade in the target tissue can cause these diseases nonimmunologically also. Here we studied the effects on normal intestinal motility of brief A. simplex infections and in vitro exposures to the parasite's extract (CE). Each approach was evaluated according to its ability to induce cholinergic @entity6587 or adrenergic blockade in @entity35 duodenum (RD), jejunum (RJ), and ileum (RI) in vitro. Additionally, bolus propulsion in RD, RJ, and RI was evaluated with time in vivo utilizing animals infected 4 h previously with A. simplex larvae (L3) vs sham animals. Tissues, after inoculation of 1, 5, 10, and 20 L3, exhibited time- and dose-dependent motility changes after @entity5402 (Ch) and @entity1063 (NA), justifying our using herein @entity35 from the fourth hour of @entity281 with 20 L3. We observed a persistent, yet differential effect of the @entity281 on RD, RJ, and RI responses to Ch or NA. It caused cholinergic (muscarinic) @entity6587 in RD only, and adrenergic blockade in all other parts, and consequently increased the transit index in RD, not in RJ or RI. In contrast, exposing RD, RJ, and RI to CE persistently increased both parameters, amplitude of twitches and muscular tone, in all, albeit that, here also, responses to Ch and NA were CE dose dependent. Interestingly, sensitivity to CE was in the order RI > RJ > RD, the reverse situation of that observed during active @entity281 . Thus, previously viable A. simplex L3, after digestion, can exert bystander disturbance in autonomic control in the whole intestine. Our findings demonstrate that A. simplex L3, alive or dead, can induce cholinergic @entity2915 and adrenergic blockade in the whole small intestine and, as a consequence, gastrointestinal symptoms. Significantly, they may do so long before parasite-specific IgE is detectably induced or despite the occurrence of such IgE.

title: Altered autonomic control in @entity35 intestine due to both XXXX with @entity1542 and incubation with the parasite's crude extract.

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity1542 :: ('6269', 'Species') :: ['Anisakis simplex']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity2915 :: ('MESH:D006948', 'Disease') :: ['hyperactivity']

entities_list: @entity113 :: ('MESH:D000799', 'Disease') :: ['angioedema']

entities_list: @entity6587 :: ('MESH:D016535', 'Disease') :: ['hyperreactivity']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['noradrenaline']

entities_list: @entity5402 :: ('MESH:D002217', 'Chemical') :: ['carbachol']

entities_list: @entity110 :: ('MESH:D014581', 'Disease') :: ['urticaria']

answer: @entity281 :: (MESH:D007239,Disease) :: ['infection']


abstract: 16 subjects with severe @entity2473 secondary to traumatic and nontraumatic @entity602 underwent epidural spinal cord stimulation. 4 @entity1 had a @entity602 . 6 of the subjects with an incomplete @entity602 were ambulatory. All @entity1 had previously undergone extensive trials with medications and physical therapy. All 14 subjects in whom a satisfactory placement of the electrode could be obtained had a reduction in the severity of the @entity2473 . In 6 @entity1 , the @entity2473 were almost abolished. Extremity, @entity2473 were affected. Clonus in the upper extremities was consistently reduced. Marked improvement in bladder and bowel function was observed in each of 2 subjects. In over 1-year follow-up, 5 subjects show persistence of the results, with less stimulation required to maintain the therapeutic effects. No @entity16 occurred following the procedure or after long-term spinal stimulation. 1 @entity1 showed after several months of continuous stimulation increased voluntary motor control present only when spinal cord stimulation was activated. Complications included 1 system infection, 1 electrode migration, 1 wire breakage and skin breakdown at a connector site, development of high impedance in 1 electrode and 1 skin breakdown over the lead.

title: Effects of spinal cord stimulation on spasticity and @entity2473 secondary to XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deterioration']

entities_list: @entity602 :: ('MESH:D013118', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord lesion', 'myelopathy', 'complete motor and sensory spinal cord lesion']

entities_list: @entity2473 :: ('MESH:D013035', 'Disease') :: ['trunkal and abdominal spasms', 'spasms']

answer: @entity602 :: (MESH:D013118,Disease) :: ['myelopathy']


abstract: Sexual behavior in female @entity35 depends on the action of @entity53 on @entity172 receptors (ERs) found in particular brain regions. While hormonal regulation of female sexual behavior requires @entity7605 , the possible functions of @entity12209 remain to be clarified. Mating stimulation has several behavioral and physiological consequences and induces @entity5019 expression in many @entity75 involved in the regulation of reproductive behavior and physiology. In addition, some cells in which mating induces @entity5019 expression coexpress @entity7605 . To determine whether cells in which @entity5019 is induced by a particular mating stimulus coexpress @entity7605 , @entity12209 , or both, we used a triple-label immunofluorescent technique to visualize @entity7605 -, @entity12209 -, and mating-induced @entity5019 -immunoreactivity ( @entity5019 -ir) in neurons in which mating stimulation reliably increases @entity5019 expression. Ovariectomized, hormone-primed @entity35 were either unmated, received 15 mounts, or received 15 intromissions. In the rostral medial preoptic area, @entity5019 -ir was induced by mounts alone primarily in cells coexpressing @entity7605 -ir, while @entity5019 -ir was induced by intromissions mainly in cells coexpressing both @entity7605 -ir and @entity12209 -ir ( @entity7605 / @entity12209 -ir). In the dorsal part of the posterodorsal medial amygdala, @entity5019 -ir was induced by intromissions in cells coexpressing @entity7605 -ir and @entity7605 . However, in the ventral part of the posterodorsal medial amygdala, @entity5019 -ir was induced by intromissions primarily in cells coexpressing only @entity12209 -ir. These data suggest that qualitatively different sexual stimuli may be integrated through distinct ER-containing circuits in the rostral medial preoptic area and posterodorsal medial amygdala. The diversity in coexpression of type of ER in cells in different @entity75 after various mating stimuli suggests a role for both @entity7605 and @entity12209 in the integration of hormonal information and information related to mating stimuli.

title: Response of @entity7605 -IR and @entity12209 -IR cells in the forebrain of female XXXX to mating stimuli.

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain areas']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['estradiol']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5144 concerns both the skin and the joints. Therapeutic interventions should therefore ideally improve both symptoms. @entity66 modifying drugs are effective; however, they are usually limited to either @entity1569 or @entity625 . AIM OF THE STUDY: The aim of this study was to analyze the therapeutic effects of a new immunosuppressive drug ( @entity6051 mofetil) in the treatment of @entity5144 . METHODS: Six @entity1 with @entity5144 were treated with @entity6051 mofetil for a period of 12 weeks and examined every 14 days (range of motion, joint @entity4 , @entity85 , PASI score (Psoriasis Area and Severity Index). In addition, a life quality assessment (SF-36 Health Survey) was performed. White and red blood count as well as @entity32 parameter were controlled regularly. RESULTS: 6 @entity1 could be included in a complete follow-up (5 @entity1 , 1 @entity1 , average age 50.3 years, average duration of @entity1569 8.3 years, average duration of @entity625 5.7 years). Four of 6 @entity1 showed relevant improvement in @entity158 , mobility and degree of psoriatic skin effluorescences. Only 3 of 6 showed relevant improvement in life quality. CONCLUSION: For the first time results of treatment of @entity5144 with a new immunosuppressive drug ( @entity6051 mofetil) were presented. A positive influence on both, the @entity625 and the @entity1569 could be shown. These first observations warrant controlled, randomized clinical trials.

title: [Preliminary results in the therapy of @entity5144 with XXXX mofetil].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'patients', 'woman']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1569 :: ('MESH:D011565', 'Disease') :: ['psoriasis']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['Current disease']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['arthritis']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['swelling']

entities_list: @entity5144 :: ('MESH:D015535', 'Disease') :: ['psoriatic arthritis', 'Psoriatic arthritis']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['joint deformity']

entities_list: @entity6051 :: ('CHEBI:168396', 'Chemical') :: ['Mycophenolate']

answer: @entity6051 :: (CHEBI:168396,Chemical) :: ['mycophenolate']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to analyse our pre-treatment QA data in order to establish uniquely defined agreement criteria between planned and delivered dose distribution for clinical QA practice in IMRT of @entity135 ( @entity135 ) @entity1 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Pre-treatment QA dosimetry using films in combination with ionisation chambers is routinely evaluated for each @entity1 . This evaluation is performed by comparing planned and measured dose distributions in terms of absolute point dose measurements, planar dose verification and gamma function analysis using 4%/3mm values as acceptance criteria. In the current investigation, gamma histograms, calculated on dose levels higher than 10% of the prescription dose (1.8Gy/fraction), were further analysed by considering mean values, gamma values corresponding to Delta=mean+1.5 SD (named as gamma(Delta)) and the % of points with gamma<1, gamma<1.5 and gamma>2. When considering the @entity1 population, the average values of all these parameters and their confidence limits (mean value+1.5 SD) were calculated. The results here presented refer to 57 @entity135 @entity1 treated in the period September 04-April 06. RESULTS: Better results were found for treatments performed with our newly installed linac (e.g. average gamma(Delta): 0.8 vs. 1.1 for the preexisting one, p<0.001), due to a more accurate dosimetric configuration. Also, confidence limits for the percentage of points with gamma<1, gamma<1.5 and gamma>2 were found to be quite different for the two linacs (95.3%, 98.9% and 0.4% for the newly installed unit, 87.6%, 95.2% and 2.0% for the preexisting one). CONCLUSIONS: Statistical analyses of gamma evaluation of QA pre-treatment dosimetry are useful to properly define confidence limits of the agreement between expected and measured fluences based on our institutional experience. Our results confirm that the dosimetry configuration of the beam may significantly affect the agreement between planned and measured IMRT beam fluences.

title: Agreement criteria between expected and measured field fluences in IMRT of XXXX : the importance and use of the gamma histograms statistical analysis.

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['HN', 'head and neck']

answer: @entity135 :: (MESH:D006258,Disease) :: ['head and neck cancer']


abstract: @entity455 , with their clinical manifestations such as @entity64 , @entity583 ( @entity583 ), or @entity1151 , are the major causes of @entity204 in developed countries. Several studies in twins and siblings have shown that genetic factors contribute significantly to the development of these diseases. Since the advent of molecular genetics in medicine, it has been a focus of interest to elucidate the role of mutations in various candidate genes and their impact on @entity4461 such as arterial and @entity1150 . In this article, we review the current knowledge of the contribution of polymorphisms in coagulation factors to the development of @entity715 . We show that in arterial @entity715 , results are controversial. Only for factor XIII 34Leu a protective effect on the development of @entity583 has been demonstrated in several studies. No other single polymorphism in a coagulation factor could be confirmed as a relevant risk factor, although there is evidence for a role of factor V @entity54821 , factor VII @entity54064 , and @entity2881 @entity67431 polymorphisms in @entity1 subgroups. Further studies will be necessary to confirm the value of testing for genetic polymorphisms in arterial @entity715 . A large body of data is available on the role of factor V @entity54821 and the prothrombin @entity14553 mutation in @entity49 . Some papers already recommend diagnosis and treatment strategies. We will discuss these recent publications on @entity49 in our review.

title: Polymorphisms in coagulation factor genes and their impact on arterial and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['Arterial and venous thromboses']

entities_list: @entity67431 :: ('p|SUB|T|789|A', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['Thr789Ala']

entities_list: @entity49 :: ('MESH:D019851', 'Disease') :: ['venous thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary embolism']

entities_list: @entity1150 :: ('MESH:D020246', 'Disease') :: ['venous thromboses']

entities_list: @entity54821 :: ('p|SUB|R|506|Q', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['Arg506Gln']

entities_list: @entity4461 :: ('MESH:D020141', 'Disease') :: ['hemostatic disorders']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'MI']

entities_list: @entity54064 :: ('p|SUB|R|353|Q', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['Arg353Gln']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombotic diseases', 'thrombosis']

answer: @entity49 :: (MESH:D019851,Disease) :: ['venous thrombosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Clinical studies evaluating the effects of medications on b-cell function in type 2 @entity6 (T2DM) are compromised by an inability to determine the actual baseline degree of b-cell @entity409 independent of the reversible @entity409 induced by @entity4854 (glucotoxicity). Short-term intensive insulin therapy (IIT) is a strategy for eliminating glucotoxicity before randomization. This study determined whether liraglutide can preserve b-cell function over 48 weeks in early T2DM following initial elimination of glucotoxicity with IIT. METHODS: In this double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, 51 @entity1 with T2DM of 2.6    1.9 years duration and an @entity3916 of 6.8    0.8% (51    8.7 mmol/mol) completed 4 weeks of IIT before randomization to daily subcutaneous liraglutide or placebo injection, with serial assessment of b-cell function by Insulin Secretion-Sensitivity Index-2 (ISSI-2) on oral @entity413 tolerance test performed every 12 weeks. RESULTS: The primary outcome of baseline-adjusted ISSI-2 at 48 weeks was higher in the liraglutide group than in the placebo group (339.8    27.8 vs. 229.3    28.4, P = 0.008). Baseline-adjusted HbA1c at 48 weeks was lower in the liraglutide group (6.2    0.1% vs. 6.6    0.1%, P = 0.055) (44    1.1 vs. 49    1.1 mmol/mol). At each quarterly assessment, >50% of @entity1 on liraglutide had an HbA1c  <=6.0% (42 mmol/mol) and @entity413 tolerance in the nondiabetic range. Despite this level of glycemic control, no difference was found in the incidence of @entity4053 between the liraglutide and placebo groups (P = 0.61). Two weeks after stopping treatment, however, the beneficial effect on ISSI-2 of liraglutide versus placebo was entirely lost (191.9    24.7 vs. 238.1    25.2, P = 0.20). CONCLUSIONS: Liraglutide provides robust enhancement of b-cell function that is sustained over 48 weeks in early T2DM but lost upon cessation of therapy.

title: Liraglutide and the Preservation of Pancreatic b-Cell Function in Early Type 2 XXXX : The LIBRA Trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity4053 :: ('MESH:D007003', 'Disease') :: ['hypoglycemia']

entities_list: @entity4854 :: ('MESH:D006943', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemia']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['Diabetes']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Four every ten @entity1 receiving high-dose parenteral @entity230 for severe ulcerative colitis fail and may have their colon removed. Intravenous followed by oral @entity205 has been shown to initially rescue approx. 70% of these non-responder @entity1 , but dosages and long term-efficacy are still debated. We reviewed the clinical outcomes of @entity1 treated with @entity205 for refractory ulcerative colitis at our Center in the last 7 years. METHODS: Fifty-four @entity1 destined to colectomy because of refractory ulcerative colitis (previous failure to respond to 7 days of 1 mg/kg/day @entity230 ) were enrolled to initially receive a two-week continuous infusion of 2 mg/kg/day @entity205 . Responders (showing at least a 50% reduction of activity) were meant to be treated with oral drug at 6-8 mg/kg/day for 6 months with the maintenance of remission and the spare of @entity230 being the end-points. RESULTS: Data are available for 47 @entity1 followed-up for a minimum of 6 months up to 6 years. Of these 47, 14 did not respond to the intravenous drug and were submitted to surgery; of the remaining 33 responders (70%) entering the oral 6-month phase, 17 relapsed before end or on leaving the drug and were considered as failures. The remaining 16 (34% of the 47) left @entity205 in remission and in need of less than 20 mg @entity230 daily. Of them, 12 avoided colectomy in a follow-up of 6 months-6 years. CONCLUSIONS: Intravenous @entity205 may be rapidly effective in 7 every 10 @entity1 whose acute ulcerative colitis fails a full-dose @entity134 course. However, only 3 of the initial 10 may maintain remission over a 6-month oral course. Further efforts should concentrate on improving the long term efficacy of @entity205 .

title: [ XXXX for @entity134 refractory ulcerative colitis. Results of a study conducted at Turin General Hospital between 1990 and 1997].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporin']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

answer: @entity205 :: (MESH:D016572,Chemical) :: ['Cyclosporin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: After the SMART trial evaluating the safety of @entity10453 (long-acting @entity2263 -agonist (LABA)) in @entity565 @entity1 , regulatory actions were taken to promote a guideline-adherent prescribing of LABA only to @entity1 receiving @entity4185 ( @entity4185 ). We aim to analyse LABA- and @entity4185 -related prescription patterns after the SMART trial in Germany. METHODS: @entity1 documented in the Bavarian Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians database (approximately 10.5 million @entity1 ) were included if they had a diagnosis of @entity565 and at least one prescription of LABA and/or @entity4185 between 2004 and 2008. Annual period prevalence rates (PPRs) were estimated and Cochrane Armitage tests were used for time trend analyses. RESULTS: Highest annual PPRs were found for @entity4184 and the fixed combination of @entity10453 / @entity5023 . The proportion of "concomitant LABA and @entity4185 users" increased from 52.0 to 57.6% within the study period, whereas for "LABA users without @entity4185 " a slight decrease from 6.5 to 5.4% was found. In 2008, the proportion of @entity1 with at least one quarter with a LABA prescription without concomitant @entity4185 was highest in elderly, male @entity1 (   20%). In the majority of these @entity1 , a concomitant diagnosis of @entity1030 (i.e. @entity1030 [ @entity1030 ]) was present. CONCLUSIONS: Between 2004 and 2008, we found a moderate increase in guideline-adherent LABA prescribing in a representative German population. Elderly @entity1 received a significant number of LABA prescriptions without concomitant @entity4185 probably due to @entity1030 .

title: Prescribing of long-acting XXXX -agonists/ @entity4185 after the SMART trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'people', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['asthma-COPD overlap syndrome', 'ACOS', 'COPD']

entities_list: @entity4185 :: ('MESH:D058545', 'Disease') :: ['inhaled corticosteroids', 'ICS']

entities_list: @entity4184 :: ('MESH:D019819', 'Chemical') :: ['budesonide']

entities_list: @entity10453 :: ('MESH:C057823', 'Chemical') :: ['salmeterol']

entities_list: @entity5023 :: ('MESH:C065382', 'Chemical') :: ['fluticasone']

answer: @entity2263 :: (10242,Gene) :: ['beta-2']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Effective control and management of severe @entity311 cases depends on a clear understanding of the local epidemiological factors and specific clinical manifestations of the disease in the different endemic regions. OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of severe @entity311 and epidemiological factors that affect the development of @entity417 . METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was carried out among @entity1 below 5 years of age, at the Adeoyo State Maternity Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria. Questionnaires and case histories were taken from @entity1 clinically diagnosed of @entity311 . Thus, 372 volunteers were recruited into the study from the 3131 paediatric cases that reported over the 10-week period to the out- @entity1 department (OPD) of the hospital. 229 (61.6%) of the recruited volunteers presented with @entity221 (>37.5 degrees C) at consultation. These had @entity311 parasite and @entity1485 tests done. RESULTS: Clinical diagnosis was confirmed microscopically in 78% (290/372) for Plasmodium infection using thick film slides. @entity417 ( @entity1485 <28%) prevalence was 28.2%. Factors that contributed to the rapid progression of uncomplicated @entity311 to severe status included: age of the @entity1 , level of parasitaemia, careless response and attitude of parents or guardians to @entity221 in the @entity1 ; parents' preoccupation with their jobs or other healthy @entity1 and unwillingness to use available health facilities. CONCLUSION: The study underscores the need for community involved partnership for @entity311 control especially through health education for the home management of @entity311 , especially among those experiencing some form of inequity in access to healthcare.

title: Epidemiological factors that promote the development of severe @entity417 in XXXX in Ibadan.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient', 'child']

entities_list: @entity417 :: ('MESH:D000740', 'Disease') :: ['Anaemia', 'malaria anaemia']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Optimal therapy for stage I @entity5 is still controversial. This study evaluated the efficacy of a surveillance policy for @entity1 with testicular stage I @entity4797 and @entity10711 ( @entity10711 ). METHODS: From 1984 to 1996, 24 @entity1 with @entity5 and 20 with stage INSGCT were followed after radical orchiectomy with @entity5 markers and imaging studies. All @entity1 were followed for at least 2 years except for those who recurred within 2 years. Recurrent @entity1 were treated with @entity900 -based chemotherapy. RESULTS: The median follow-up periods for @entity4797 and @entity10711 @entity1 were 41 and 54 months, respectively. Recurrences were detected in 2 @entity4797 (8.3%) and 10 @entity10711 (50%) @entity1 . Eleven of the 12 recurrent @entity1 (92%) were detected within 2 years after orchiectomy. The @entity4797 @entity1 both recurred in the retroperitoneal lymph nodes, while 70% of the @entity10711 @entity1 recurred in the lung and/or retroperitoneal lymph nodes. The recurrent @entity4797 @entity1 were treated with chemotherapy and are alive without disease for 1 7 and 24 months afterorchiectomy. One @entity10711 @entity1 died of @entity5 , but the other 9 recurrent @entity10711 @entity1 are alive without disease at 25 to 113 months after orchiectomy. CONCLUSIONS: Surveillance alone is reliable for monitoring @entity1 with @entity1062 and @entity10711 . The majority of recurrences occurred within 2 years, necessitating intensive follow-up for 3 years. As the lung metastatic rates in @entity10711 @entity1 were high, a more accurate assessment for lung @entity3 is desirable in these @entity1 .

title: Surveillance study for clinical stage I testicular XXXX and @entity10711 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'stage I seminoma', 'cancer', 'testicular tumors']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity10711 :: ('MESH:C537844', 'Disease') :: ['NSGCT', 'nonseminomatous germ cell tumors']

entities_list: @entity1062 :: ('MESH:D013736', 'Disease') :: ['stage I testicular seminoma']

entities_list: @entity4797 :: ('MESH:D018239', 'Disease') :: ['seminomas', 'seminoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity4797 :: (MESH:D018239,Disease) :: ['seminomas']


abstract: @entity521 ( @entity521 ) is the most common extracranial solid @entity5 in @entity1 . Diarrheal @entity521 is quite rare and is not easy to diagnose in the early stage. Six cases of @entity521 in our hospital treated from 1996 to 2006 were retrospectively analyzed, including characteristics such as electrolyte imbalance, pathologic features, vasoactive intestinal peptide ( @entity3549 ) immunohistochemical staining results, treatment, and prognosis. All @entity1 were @entity1 with 3-8 loose or watery stools each day and routine fecal tests were normal. @entity5 were identified by B-ultrasound. Drugs were ineffective. Three @entity1 underwent surgery, and the remaining three @entity1 received surgery and chemotherapy. @entity294 stopped after treatment in five @entity1 . Two @entity1 died due to intractable @entity1371 . The @entity5 was located in the adrenal gland in four @entity1 , in the @entity1729 in one @entity1 , and in the presacral area in one @entity1 . Pathologic findings were @entity521 and @entity6012 . Five @entity1 were at clinical stage   I-II, and one was at stage III. Four @entity1 survived (followed-up for 6 mo to 4 years). Immunohistochemical staining for @entity3549 was positive. Refractory @entity294 is a @entity8231 of @entity521 and is rare. @entity1 aged 1-3 years who present with chronic intractable @entity294 should be followed closely. Intractable @entity294 , @entity1371 , and @entity1141 are the initial clinical manifestations. Increased @entity3549 is characteristic of this disease. @entity972 supplementation plays a vital role in the treatment procedure, especially preoperatively. The prognosis of @entity521 is good following appropriate treatment.

title: Refractory XXXX : A @entity521 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity6012 :: ('MESH:D018305', 'Disease') :: ['ganglioneuroblastoma']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['Potassium']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Abdominal tumors']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea', 'Diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity1729 :: ('MESH:D012141', 'Disease') :: ['upper retroperitoneum']

entities_list: @entity521 :: ('MESH:D009447', 'Disease') :: ['diarrheal NB', 'NB', 'Neuroblastoma']

entities_list: @entity8231 :: ('MESH:D010257', 'Disease') :: ['paraneoplastic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1371 :: ('MESH:D007008', 'Disease') :: ['hypokalemia']

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['dysplasia']

answer: @entity294 :: (MESH:D003967,Disease) :: ['diarrhea']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of @entity1495 ( @entity1495 ) and @entity2843 ( @entity2843 ) mRNA in the endometrium during mid-luteal phase in @entity1 with @entity249 and its steroidal regulation. METHODS: In situ hybridization method was utilized to detect the location of @entity1495 and @entity2843 mRNA. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method was utilized to detect and quantitate @entity1495 and @entity2843 mRNA expression levels in the endometrium during mid-luteal phase. Serum concentration of @entity53 (E(2)) and @entity1420 (P) were measured by radioimmunoassay. Thirty-eight @entity1 with @entity249 were included as study group, and 20 @entity1 with @entity4810 or normal volunteers were selected as control group. RESULTS: @entity1495 and @entity2843 mRNA were diffusely distributed in the cytoplasm and nuclei of glandular and stromal cells. Their staining in control group were more abundant than those in study group. Endometrial @entity1495 and @entity2843 mRNA expression during mid-luteal phase showed by RT-PCR in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group (0.42 +/- 0.19 Vs 0.57 +/- 0.19, P < 0.05; 0.59 +/- 0.19 Vs 0.81 +/- 0.20, P < 0.01 respectively). Serum P of the study group was significantly lower than that of control group [(34 +/- 15) nmol/L Vs (53 +/- 17) nmol/L, P < 0.01]. Serum P level was positively correlated with @entity1495 mRNA only in control groups. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1495 and @entity2843 mRNA might play an important role in the process of implantation. The decreased expression of their gene related to P level might be one of the major causes in @entity249 .

title: [Expression of @entity2843 mRNA in the endometrium during mid- luteal phase in @entity1 with XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity249 :: ('MESH:D007246', 'Disease') :: ['unexplained infertility']

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone']

entities_list: @entity4810 :: ('MESH:D007248', 'Disease') :: ['male factor infertility']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['estradiol']

entities_list: @entity2843 :: ('7076', 'Gene') :: ['TIMP-1', 'tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1']

entities_list: @entity1495 :: ('4318', 'Gene') :: ['matrix metalloproteinases-9', 'MMP-9']

answer: @entity249 :: (MESH:D007246,Disease) :: ['unexplained infertility']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: THIS STUDY WAS CONDUCTED TO INVESTIGATE THE FOLLOWING: (1) the effects of chewing honey on plaque formation in orthodontic @entity1 , (2) the effect of chewing honey on @entity2413 , (3) determine if honey possesses antibacterial effects on bacteria recovered from plaques. METHODS: Female orthodontic @entity1 (n  =  20, 12-18  years of age) participated in this randomized controlled study. The effects of honey were compared to treatment with either 10% @entity969 or 10% @entity5121 that served as positive and negative controls, respectively. The pH of plaque was measured using a digital pH meter prior to baseline and at 2, 5, 10, 20, and 30  min after chewing honey or rinsing with control solutions and the numbers of @entity6586 , Lactobacilli, and Prophymonas gingivalis in respective plaques were determined. The antibacterial activity of honey was tested against commonly used antibiotics using the disk diffusion method. RESULTS: Significant differences in pH were observed in the honey and @entity969 groups compared to the pH observed in the @entity5121 group (p       0.001). The maximum pH drop occurred at 5  min in both the honey and @entity969 groups; however the pH in the honey group rapidly recovered 10-20  min after exposure and did not drop below the critical @entity8704 pH of 5.5. On the other hand, the pH following @entity969 exposure fell <5.5 and was associated with a 30  min recovery time. The pH observed for the @entity5121 group did not change over time. Bacterial counts were significantly reduced in the honey group compared to the other treatment groups (p       0.001) and honey significantly inhibited the growth of all studied strains compared to inhibition observed with antibiotics (p       0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Honey can be used as an alternative to traditional remedies for the prevention of @entity1547 and @entity2522 following orthodontic treatment.

title: Effect of honey in preventing XXXX and @entity1547 in @entity1 undergoing orthodontic treatment.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6586 :: ('1309', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus mutans']

entities_list: @entity2413 :: ('MESH:D003773', 'Disease') :: ['dental plaque bacterial counts']

entities_list: @entity8704 :: ('MESH:D003649', 'Disease') :: ['decalcification']

entities_list: @entity5121 :: ('MESH:D013012', 'Chemical') :: ['sorbitol']

entities_list: @entity2522 :: ('MESH:D005891', 'Disease') :: ['gingivitis']

entities_list: @entity969 :: ('MESH:D013395', 'Chemical') :: ['sucrose']

entities_list: @entity1547 :: ('MESH:D003731', 'Disease') :: ['dental caries']

answer: @entity2522 :: (MESH:D005891,Disease) :: ['gingivitis']


abstract: Purpose.: The purpose of this study was to examine the test-retest repeatability of microperimetric sensitivity at the border of @entity1019 . Methods.: Thirty normal @entity1 underwent two examinations, each on the Macular Integrity Assessment (MAIA) microperimeter and on the MP-1 microperimeter (four examinations in total). A customized stimulus pattern allowed microperimetric sensitivity to be measured at the border of the optic nerve head (ONH), which acted as a model for the border of a deep @entity1019 -and also at the macular and peripapillary region. Results.: There were no significant changes in average @entity1166 ( @entity1166 ) values between the two examinations for all three regions using the MAIA microperimeter (P >=  0.262). The @entity1166 coefficient of repeatability (CoR) was   12.99 dB at the border of the ONH, which was significantly larger than points in the macular and peripapillary regions (P > 0.001). A significant decrease in average @entity1166 , using the MP-1 microperimeter at the macular and peripapillary region (P < 0.001), meant that the @entity1166 CoR could not be determined in these regions. No significant changes in average @entity1166 were observed at the border of the ONH (P = 0.223), and the @entity1166 CoR was   7.52 dB in this region. Conclusions.: Microperimetric test-retest repeatability at the border of a deep @entity1019 was worse than at other areas of normal retina, and this highlights the limitation of applying a single estimate of test-retest repeatability to determine whether significant functional decline has occurred at the border of a deep @entity1019 .

title: Test-Retest Repeatability of Microperimetry at the Border of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity1019 :: ('MESH:D012607', 'Disease') :: ['deep scotomas', 'scotoma']

entities_list: @entity1166 :: ('MESH:D016171', 'Disease') :: ['point-wise sensitivity', 'PWS']

answer: @entity1019 :: (MESH:D012607,Disease) :: ['Deep Scotomas']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To investigate the analgesic effect and obstetric outcome after single-shot intrathecal @entity681 with @entity1341 in late labour. STUDY DESIGN: Forty multiparous @entity1 in advanced labour were given a spinal injection of @entity681 7.5 microg and @entity1341 2 mg. @entity158 intensity was recorded by the parturient on a visual analogue scale. The quality of @entity158 relief was also rated with a verbal score directly after delivery. Side effects, such as @entity551 , @entity111 , sedation, @entity390 were noted. Obstetric parameters were followed and recorded. Apgar score and umbilical artery pH were noted. RESULTS: Median visual analogue scores after 5, 15, 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 min were 1.5, 0.5, 0, 1, 1.5, 2 and 3, respectively. Seventy-seven percent of the parturients scored the analgesic quality as excellent. Six parturients had @entity551 . Motor block, sedation and @entity390 were rare. @entity111 was seen in 85% of the cases. No ceasarean section was performed. Vacuum extraction was done in six (15%) cases. @entity398 augmentation was needed in 26 (65%) of the parturients. Fetal heart rate disturbances following the @entity616 were seen in four cases. Apgar scores were high. No neonate had Apgar < 7. CONCLUSIONS: Intrathecal block with @entity681 7.5 microg in combination with @entity1341 2 mg is a very effective @entity158 relief in late labour. Due to its limited duration it is important to select @entity1 in @entity1170 , and active obstetric management is necessary. It is also very important that the obstetrician is aware of the risk of non-reassuring fetal heart rate changes after intrathecal block.

title: Single-shot intrathecal @entity681 with XXXX in late labour--analgesic quality and obstetric outcome.

entities_list: @entity398 :: ('MESH:D010121', 'Chemical') :: ['Oxytocin']

entities_list: @entity390 :: ('MESH:D009325', 'Disease') :: ['nausea and motor block', 'nausea']

entities_list: @entity681 :: ('MESH:D017409', 'Chemical') :: ['sufentanil']

entities_list: @entity1170 :: ('MESH:C564983', 'Disease') :: ['rapid progress of labour']

entities_list: @entity111 :: ('MESH:D011537', 'Disease') :: ['Pruritus', 'pruritus']

entities_list: @entity1341 :: ('MESH:D002045', 'Chemical') :: ['bupivacaine']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

entities_list: @entity616 :: ('MESH:D006327', 'Disease') :: ['spinal block']

answer: @entity1341 :: (MESH:D002045,Chemical) :: ['bupivacaine']


abstract: Platelet shape change is an extremely rapid process mediated by both the @entity460 -sensitive and @entity9067 pathways. The present study examines how different features of shape change studied by scanning electron microscopy clearly correlate to changes in the pattern of light absorbance measured in an aggregometer. Platelets change shape from the initial 'disc' form by producing: membrane 'blebs', sphere formation (cell-rounding), filopodia extension, and surface membrane folding. The presentation of these features was dramatically slower in the absence of intracellular @entity460 mobilization. In the presence of the @entity9067 -inhibitor, @entity12223 , shape change was initially normal but platelets rapidly transformed back to smooth discs with extended filopodia. The reappearance of the disc shape is reflected by an increase in the amplitude of oscillations in the aggregometer shape change tracing. The kinetics of actin/cytoskeleton association correlated with filopodia formation but not with disc to sphere transformation. Changes in the level of tubulin polymerization correlated with changes from disc to sphere morphology. These experiments are consistent with a role for a @entity3547 /Rho kinase-regulated pathway in the maintenance of a spherical platelet shape after agonist-dependent activation. Continued disruption of the cytoskeletal microtubule ring, appears to be a Rhokinase-dependent event involved in the transformation of discoid platelets into spheres.

title: Dynamic regulation of microtubule coils in ADP-induced platelet shape change by XXXX (Rho-kinase).

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

answer: @entity9067 :: (6093,Gene) :: ['p160ROCK']


abstract: PURPOSE: The clinical impact of the coexistence of @entity1745 ( @entity3799 ) and/or @entity2649 ( @entity2649 ) with @entity1745 ( @entity602 ) remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to examine the incidence, clinical pictures, and surgical outcomes of @entity1 with compressive @entity602 and the coexistence of compressive @entity3799 and/or @entity2649 . METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 50 @entity1 (18 @entity1 and 32 @entity1 ; mean age 68.4  years) who underwent decompression surgery for @entity602 . Mean follow-up period was 44  months. The incidence and clinical features of the coexistence of @entity3799 and/or @entity2649 were investigated. The surgical outcomes after single-stage multilevel decompression surgery were also examined using the Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) scores. RESULTS: Of 50 @entity1 , 35 had concurrent @entity3799 and/or @entity2649 (combined group), and the remaining 15 only had @entity602 (T group). No significant differences were found with regard to sex, the etiology of @entity602 , or the level of thoracic stenosis between the groups; however, the @entity1 ' age and preoperative JOA scores in the combined group were significantly higher than those in the T group. In both groups, the JOA score at the final follow-up significantly improved compared to the preoperative JOA score. CONCLUSIONS: About 70  % of @entity1 who underwent surgery for @entity602 had concurrent @entity3799 and/or @entity2649 , and they were initially diagnosed with @entity3799 or @entity2649 . Single-stage multilevel decompression surgery for @entity602 with concurrent @entity3799 and/or @entity2649 is comparable to thoracic only surgery with regard to complications and surgical results, and it is well tolerated in elderly @entity1 .

title: Single-stage surgery for XXXX associated with @entity1745 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity2649 :: ('MESH:C563613', 'Disease') :: ['LCS', 'lumbar spinal canal stenosis']

entities_list: @entity1745 :: ('MESH:D013117', 'Disease') :: ['compressive thoracic myelopathy', 'compressive cervical myelopathy']

answer: @entity1745 :: (MESH:D013117,Disease) :: ['compressive thoracic myelopathy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The role of @entity25 in the causal pathway between job strain and @entity4512 is not clear. PURPOSE: To investigate the impact of @entity25 and job strain on the one-year risk for neck, shoulder, and @entity158 . METHOD: A prospective study, using self-administered questionnaires, of a healthy cohort of 4,140 vocationally active @entity1 ages 45-64, residing in the city of Malmo. RESULTS: At follow-up, 11.8% of the @entity1 and 14.8% of the @entity1 had developed @entity158 . The odds ratios (OR) for @entity158 at follow-up and @entity25 at baseline were 1.72 (95% CI: 1.13-2.61) in @entity1 and 1.91 (1.35-2.70) in @entity1 . Regarding exposure to job strain, ORs were 1.39 (0.94-2.05) for @entity1 and 1.63 (1.18-2.23) for @entity1 . These statistically significant risks remained so when controlled for possible confounding. A modest synergistic effect was noted in @entity1 with concurrent @entity25 and job strain, but not in @entity1 . CONCLUSION: One in 15-20 of all new cases of @entity1118 in the population could be attributed to @entity25 . No evidence was found for a causal chain with job strain leading to @entity4512 by the pathway of @entity25 .

title: Sleeping problems as a risk factor for subsequent XXXX and the role of job strain: results from a one-year follow-up of the Malm   Shoulder Neck Study Cohort.

entities_list: @entity4512 :: ('MESH:D059352', 'Disease') :: ['musculoskeletal pain']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'persons', 'men']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['lumbar pain', 'pain']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['sleeping problems']

answer: @entity4512 :: (MESH:D059352,Disease) :: ['musculoskeletal pain']


abstract: PURPOSE: Operative fixation of @entity174 with intramedullary implants has grown in popularity in recent decades. However, risk factors for short-term adverse events and readmission have not been well studied. METHODS: Pediatric @entity1 who underwent intramedullary nailing of a femur @entity174 between 2012 and 2013 were identified from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database. Risk factors for any adverse event (AAE) and readmission after intramedullary nailing were evaluated using univariate and multivariate analysis. RESULTS: A total of 522 @entity4806 @entity1 who underwent intramedullary nailing of the femur during the study period were identified. The mean age of this @entity1 cohort was 10.2      3.8  years. Review of the cases revealed that 18 (3.4  %) @entity1 had AAE and that 20 (3.8  %) @entity1 were readmitted, of whom 13 (2.5  %) underwent a reoperation. Independent risk factors for AAE were a cardiac comorbidity [odds ratio (OR) 12.7, 95  % confidence interval (CI)  1.5, 103.7], open @entity174 (OR 10.2, 95  % CI  1.4, 74.4), and prolonged operative time (OR 17.5, 95  % CI  6.1, 50.5). Independent risk factors for readmission were a @entity6220 (OR 4.5, 95  % CI  1.3, 16.2) and a @entity302 (OR 4.9, 95  % CI  1.0, 23.5). CONCLUSIONS: The results of the multivariate analysis suggest that cardiac comorbidities, open @entity174 , and prolonged operative time increase the risk for AAE and that @entity6220 and @entity410 disorders may increase the risk for readmission. Surgeons should be aware of these risk factors and counsel the families of @entity4806 @entity1 who undergo intramedullary nailing of femur @entity174 .

title: Risk factors for complications and readmission after operative fixation of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity6220 :: ('MESH:D020279', 'Disease') :: ['central nervous system disorder', 'central nervous system disorders']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'fracture', 'pediatric femur fractures']

entities_list: @entity4806 :: ('MESH:D063766', 'Disease') :: ['pediatric']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['seizure disorder']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['pediatric femur fractures']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity1 with preeclamptic pregnancies have increased risk of long-term cardiovascular mortality. We explored this mortality risk among @entity1 with @entity5869 , another placental pathology. METHODS: We used linked Medical Birth Registry and Death Registry data to study @entity65 mortality among @entity1 with a first singleton birth between 1967 and 2002 in Norway and 1973 and 2003 in Sweden. Cox regression analysis was used to estimate associations between @entity5869 and @entity65 death adjusting for maternal age, education, year of the pregnancy and country. RESULTS: After an average follow-up of 23 years, 5453 @entity1 had died from @entity65 out of a total of 49,944 @entity204 . @entity1 with @entity5869 in first pregnancy (n=4,732) had an increased risk of dying of @entity65 overall (hazard ratio=1.8; 95% confidence interval 1.3, 2.4). The association was stronger for @entity741 (hazard ratio=2.0; 1.4, 2.9) than for @entity64 (hazard ratio=1.6; 1.0, 2.4). Results persisted after excluding @entity1 with other pregnancy complications. Findings did not differ substantially by gestational length of the first pregnancy or attained parity. CONCLUSIONS: Placental @entity5869 , like other placental complications of pregnancy, may increase @entity1 's risk of @entity65 in the decades following reproduction. DISCLOSURES: L.A. DeRoo: None. R. Skjaerven: None. A.J. Wilcox: None. K. Klungsoyr: None. A. Wikstrom: None. N. Morken: None. S. Cnattingius: None.

title: [130-POS]: Placental @entity5869 and long-term maternal XXXX mortality: A population-based registry study in Norway and Sweden.

entities_list: @entity5869 :: ('MESH:D000037', 'Disease') :: ['abruption', 'placental abruption']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic heart disease']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity65 :: (MESH:D002318,Disease) :: ['cardiovascular disease']