abstract: OBJECTIVES: To describe and explore data from the surveillance of @entity1047 , syphilis, gonorrhoea and genital warts by the Belgian Network of Sentinel General Practices (SGP) over the first 2   years (2013 and 2014) and to estimate the incidence of these 4 @entity2953 ( @entity2953 ). A special focus is put on data quality. DESIGN: Retrospective observational study. SETTING: General practices from the nationwide representative SGP network. OUTCOME MEASURES: Agreement between data distributions by year, agreement between SGP-based incidence and incidence based on mandatory notification, missingness of @entity1 age or gender and incompleteness of sexual risk history of @entity1 . RESULTS: 306 new STI episodes were reported from 298 @entity1 , corresponding with an episode-based incidence of 91.9/100   000 (95% CI 81.9 to 102.8) general practice @entity1 , with almost half of it due to @entity1047 . The incidence of @entity1047 in @entity1 was significantly higher in 2014 than in 2013. Population characteristics were similarly distributed in 2013 and 2014. The SGP-based incidence of gonorrhoea and syphilis in Flanders were in agreement with the incidence based on mandatory notification of cases. @entity1 age or gender was missing from 35 episodes (11.4%). Independent determinants of missingness of @entity1 age or gender were the Flemish region (OR 3.46; 95% CI 1.02 to 11.73) and @entity3502 (OR 2.23; 95% CI 1.07 to 4.63). An incomplete sexual risk history was reported for 54.6% STI episodes. The odds for an incomplete sexual history were higher for older @entity1 (OR 1.72; 95% CI 1.06 to 2.76) and for @entity1 infected with syphilis, gonorrhoea or @entity325 (s) (OR 1.71; 95% CI 1.03 to 2.83). CONCLUSIONS: @entity445 @entity1 with STI sexual risk histories is important from the perspective of quality of data and of quality of care. Together with the low rates of both @entity16090 testing and discussion of partner notification, this suggests that a general practice guideline is needed.

title: Four @entity2953 ( XXXX ) in Belgian general practice: first results (2013-2014) of a nationwide continuing surveillance study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity2953 :: ('MESH:D012749', 'Disease') :: ['sexually transmitted infections', 'STIs']

entities_list: @entity3502 :: ('MESH:D003218', 'Disease') :: ['genital warts infection']

entities_list: @entity445 :: ('MESH:C536298', 'Disease') :: ['Incompleteness of reports about']

entities_list: @entity325 :: ('MESH:D060085', 'Disease') :: ['co-infection']

entities_list: @entity1047 :: ('MESH:D002690', 'Disease') :: ['chlamydia']

answer: @entity2953 :: (MESH:D012749,Disease) :: ['STIs']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study compared driving using a virtual reality driving simulator (VRDS), cognitive functioning, and @entity1295 in @entity15 ( @entity15 ) individuals with age and education-matched @entity23 ( @entity23 ). METHOD: 26 @entity15 (mean age = 47.46), and 21 @entity23 (Mean age = 42.09) were administered the Fatigue Severity Scale, Trails B, Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test-2 second condition, Timed Walking Test, and 9-hole Peg Test. All the @entity1 drove a standardized route in the VRDS. Center lane (CL) and speed deviations were examined for a simple straight lane segment, with and without distractions. RESULTS: Paired samples t-test revealed differences in driving performance only for the @entity23 group. Specifically, @entity23 's driving speed varied more during the undistracted (M = 2.50, SD = 1.46) vs. distracted (M = 1.75, SD = 0.99) driving segment, t(20) = -2.314, p = 0.03. However, driving speed was not associated with any cognitive or physical measures. @entity15 @entity1 ' CL deviations were associated with fine motor movement during undistracted (r = 0.45, p = 0.05) and distracted driving (r = 0.49, p = 0.03). In contrast, @entity23 's CL deviations were associated with working memory during undistracted (r = 0.50, p = 0.03) and distracted (r = 0.63, p = 0.004) driving. Fatigue severity (r = 0.56, p = 0.03) was associated with undistracted driving in the @entity15 group. CONCLUSION(S): Driving performance of @entity15 individuals was affected by physical symptoms and @entity73 played a more important role for @entity23 . In @entity15 individuals, @entity1295 may be the moderating factor between driving and cognition.

title: B-89Comparison of Driving Performance, Cognition, and Physical Symptoms in Individuals with XXXX and Healthy Controls.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive symptoms']

entities_list: @entity23 :: ('MESH:D007174', 'Disease') :: ['healthy controls', 'HC']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['MS', 'Multiple Sclerosis']

answer: @entity15 :: (MESH:D009103,Disease) :: ['Multiple Sclerosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The @entity19890 is a rare @entity74 with @entity2321 . ENT findings in the syndrome include profound @entity393 , @entity3894 of the alae nasi and dental @entity600 . To date approximately 30 cases have been described. CASE REPORT: We report our findings in a female @entity1 who was born as the second @entity1 of consanguine parents. Pregnancy was normal, birth weight 3620 g and body length 52 cm. She was hospitalized immediately after birth because of anal @entity1146 and @entity154 with aplastic alae nasi, mongoloid eye slant and slightly dystopic ears. Bilateral symmetric profound @entity393 was diagnosed by subjective hearing tests and confirmed by auditory evoked brainstem potentials. Otoacoustic emissions were absent. Hearing aids were successfully fitted. Other @entity600 were a duplex of the uterus and vagina and exocrine @entity3210 . The anal @entity1146 was corrected surgically. DISCUSSION: In general, the exocrine @entity3210 in the @entity19890 requires careful medical management. The aplastic alae nasi require no specific therapy, while in our case in the @entity393 could be treated with hearing aids.

title: [ @entity19890 . A complex dysplasia syndrome with XXXX of the nasal alae and inner ear deafness].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['child', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['facial dysmorphism']

entities_list: @entity19890 :: ('MESH:C535880', 'Disease') :: ['Johanson-Blizzard syndrome']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['malformations']

entities_list: @entity3210 :: ('MESH:D010188', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['autosomal recessive syndrome']

entities_list: @entity2321 :: ('MESH:D004476', 'Disease') :: ['ectodermal dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['bilateral hearing loss', 'hearing loss']

answer: @entity3894 :: (MESH:C563261,Disease) :: ['aplasia']


abstract: Two studies were conducted to investigate the effectiveness of contingency management techniques in promoting punctual counseling attendance among @entity284 maintenance @entity1 . In Study 1, 50 @entity1 were recruited from an inner-city @entity284 maintenance program. Study 1 used an A-B-A design with baseline, intervention, and return-to-baseline phases. On-time attendance was reinforced during the intervention phase with a voucher that was redeemable for a draw out of a box containing 100 tokens with values varying from 0.00 dollars to 100.00 dollars. @entity284 maintenance @entity1 who exhibited poor attendance during baseline showed a significant positive response during the contingency management intervention phase. Study 2 used the same design as Study 1 except that the 52 @entity1 were randomized into reinforcement groups that received either the variable rate of reinforcement as in Study 1 or a fixed value reinforcer of 3.25 dollars. As in Study 1, Poor Attenders significantly improved counseling attendance during the intervention. There were no differences between the variable and fixed reinforcement groups. Overall, results suggest that targeting Poor Attenders with contingency management techniques may be a cost-effective method of improving counseling attendance. Targeting Poor Attenders early in treatment may be especially important for improving treatment outcomes.

title: Improving on-time counseling attendance in a XXXX treatment program: a contingency management approach.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'participants']

entities_list: @entity284 :: ('MESH:D008691', 'Chemical') :: ['methadone', 'Methadone']

answer: @entity284 :: (MESH:D008691,Chemical) :: ['methadone']


abstract: Treatment with an anticancer drug causing mitotic crossing-over could lead to expression of recessive genes, previously masked in a heterozygote. Used clinically, such drugs might cause an increased risk of @entity5 in cases of @entity5 , such as @entity3969 or @entity995 . Potentially, novel forms of drug resistance could also be unmasked by such a recombinogenic event. We have estimated the extent of this potential problem in current clinical drugs by comparing a range of antitumour agents for ability to cause mitotic crossing-over in @entity375 D5. We have compared these data with ability to cause an @entity101 in the same experiments. Although many of the agents known to cause point mutation also have some ability for mitotic crossing-over, there are also point mutagens which have little recombinogenic potential. Conversely, some effective recombinogens appear to be either very specific or rather ineffective point mutagens. Although the most generally effective agents in the present experiments were alkylating agents, several other types of drug including DNA-cutting agents, topoisomerase inhibitors, other DNA-binding drugs and antimetabolites may stimulate mitotic crossing-over. None of the mitotic inhibitors or the DNA minor groove binding drugs tested caused recombinogenic events. It would seem that the ability to induce mitotic crossing-over is an important endpoint in its own right. Assays for this event might provide an important complement to other assays commonly required for registration of new pharmaceuticals.

title: Mitotic crossing-over by anticancer drugs in XXXX D5.

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['increase in total aberrant colonies']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['familial tumours', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity3969 :: ('MESH:D009396', 'Disease') :: ["Wilm's tumour"]

entities_list: @entity375 :: ('4932', 'Species') :: ['Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain']

entities_list: @entity995 :: ('MESH:D012175', 'Disease') :: ['retinoblastoma']

answer: @entity375 :: (4932,Species) :: ['Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain']


abstract: @entity421 of the larynx is probably the rarest mesenchymal @entity5 of the larynx, with only 16 cases reported so far. The majority of them occur in males between the sixth and eighth decades of life. @entity1 usually present with non-specific symptoms such as @entity7364 and upper airway compromise. The most common site of distant metastasis is the lung. Clinically, the @entity5 follows an @entity146 course and is associated with high mortality. The case we present is unusual as it occurred at a young age (38   years) as compared with the norm and it did not arise from the endolarynx, unlike many of the other cases. This was the only known case where a Pearson near-total laryngectomy was performed whereby the @entity1 's natural speech mechanism was preserved. This surgery was possible because the contralateral half of the larynx was clearly disease free and the interarytenoid region was uninvolved. The @entity1 underwent postoperative adjuvant external beam radiotherapy beginning 4   weeks after surgery. The @entity1 is doing well after 15   months of follow-up and shows no signs of recurrence.

title: XXXX of the larynx: an extremely unusual @entity5 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity7364 :: ('MESH:D055154', 'Disease') :: ['dysphonia']

entities_list: @entity421 :: ('MESH:D012516', 'Disease') :: ['Osteosarcoma']

answer: @entity421 :: (MESH:D012516,Disease) :: ['Extraskeletal osteosarcoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To develop and evaluate the psychometric properties of a new measure of agitation, the @entity146 ( @entity146 ). The @entity146 consists of 16 items designed specifically to evaluate frequency of and caregiver reaction to common @entity146 in community-residing @entity303 @entity1 . DESIGN: The @entity146 was administered at the baseline assessment of a multi-site controlled treatment study to reduce agitation in @entity195 ( @entity195 ). Reliability was assessed by evaluating internal consistency and test-retest correlations. Validity was assessed by examining correlations with other constructs, including demographics, cognitive status, and overall behavioral disturbance. SETTING: Twenty-one sites across the US, comprising the @entity195 Cooperative Study, contributed subjects to the investigation. @entity1 : A total of 148 community-residing @entity195 @entity1 , living with a spouse or adult relative who acted as an informant. Mean age was 75 years, and mean Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE) score was 13. MEASUREMENTS: Cognitive status was assessed using the MMSE. Behavioral disturbance was assessed using the Behavior Rating Scale for @entity303 of the Consortium to Establish a Registry for @entity195 , the Revised Memory and Behavior Problems Checklist, and the Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory. RESULTS: Reliability of the @entity146 was excellent, with internal consistency of 0.70 and test-retest reliability of 0.60 to 0.73. Validity was confirmed by correlations with related measures and lack of correlation with unrelated constructs. CONCLUSIONS: The @entity146 is brief, easy to administer, and provides objectively anchored observations of problems. It is a promising measure for studies of community-residing @entity195 @entity1 .

title: Assessment of agitation in XXXX : the agitated behavior in @entity303 scale. @entity195 Cooperative Study.

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['Dementia', 'dementia']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['AD', "Alzheimer's Disease"]

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['Agitated Behavior in Dementia scale', 'ABID', 'agitated behaviors']

answer: @entity195 :: (MESH:D000544,Disease) :: ['Alzheimer's disease']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity788 is currently the fourth most common @entity5 , is increasing in incidence and soon will be the second leading cause of @entity5 death in the USA. This is a @entity5 with an incidence that approximates the mortality with 44,000 new cases and 36,000 @entity204 each year. Surgery, although only modestly successful, is the only curative option. However, due the locally aggressive nature and early @entity3 , surgery can be performed on less than 20% of @entity1 . Cytotoxic chemotherapy is palliative, has significant @entity137 and improves survival very little. Thus new treatment paradigms are needed desperately. Due to the extremely high frequency of @entity984 gene mutations (>90%) detected in @entity788 @entity1 , the roles of the @entity470 ( @entity470 ), Ras/ @entity8496 / @entity8047 / @entity3963 and @entity10412 / @entity983 / @entity584 / @entity13407 /GSK-3 pathways have been investigated in @entity788 for many years. Constitutively active Ras can activate both of these pathways and there is cross talk between Ras and @entity470 which is believed to be important in driving @entity3 . Mutant @entity984 may also drive the expression of GSK-3 through @entity8496 / @entity8047 / @entity3963 -mediated effects on GSK-3 transcription. GSK-3 can then regulate the expression of NF-kappaB which is important in modulating @entity788 chemoresistance. While the receptors and many downstream signaling molecules have been identified and characterized, there is still much to learn about these pathways and how their deregulation can lead to @entity5 . Multiple inhibitors to @entity470 , @entity10412 , @entity3470 , GSK-3, @entity8496 , @entity8047 and hedgehog (HH) have been developed and are being evaluated in various @entity5 . Current research often focuses on the role of these pathways in @entity5 stem cells (CSC), with the goal to identify sites where therapeutic resistance may develop. Relatively novel fields of investigation such as microRNAs and drugs used for other diseases e.g., @entity6 , ( @entity2449 ) and @entity311 ( @entity503 ) have provided new information about therapeutic resistance and CSCs. This review will focus on recent advances in the field and how they affect @entity788 research and treatment.

title: Roles of XXXX and @entity984 and their downstream signaling pathways in @entity788 and @entity788 stem cells.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['Pancreatic cancer', 'pancreatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'deadly malignancy', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity470 :: ('1956', 'Gene') :: ['epidermal growth factor receptor', 'EGFR']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity2449 :: ('MESH:D008687', 'Chemical') :: ['metformin']

entities_list: @entity503 :: ('MESH:D002738', 'Chemical') :: ['chloroquine']

answer: @entity470 :: (1956,Gene) :: ['EGFR']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Impact of pH on coagulation-ultrafiltration (C-UF) process was investigated with respect to coagulation efficiency, floc characteristics and membrane fouling in this study. @entity30059 ( @entity24871 ) and @entity63776 with basicity of 1.0 and 2.2 (denoted as PFC10 and PFC22) were used as coagulants and @entity596 species in them was measured by a timed complexation spectroscopy method. Floc properties under four pH conditions were evaluated using a laser diffraction particle sizing device. Ultrafiltration experiments were conducted by a dead-end batch unit. The results showed that organic matter removal efficiency was higher under acidic conditions than under other pH conditions and turbidity removal efficiency was higher under alkaline condition. At same pH, @entity24871 containing higher monomeric and polymeric species (Fea and Feb) had better organic matter removal and higher turbidity removal efficiency was obtained by coagulants with larger percentage of polymer or colloidal species (Fec). Flocs formed under acidic ranges were larger, weaker and looser. At pH 4.0, 7.0 and 9.0, flocs by @entity24871 were larger and weaker than these by PFC10, followed by PFC22. In case of @entity24871 and PFC10, acidic pH conditions were helpful to reduce membrane fouling. For PFC22, permeate fluxes were less sensitive to pH variations.

title: Effect of pH on floc properties and membrane fouling in coagulation - Ultrafiltration process with XXXX and @entity63776 .

entities_list: @entity63776 :: ('MESH:C541115', 'Chemical') :: ['polyferric chloride']

entities_list: @entity30059 :: ('MESH:C024555', 'Chemical') :: ['Ferric chloride']

answer: @entity30059 :: (MESH:C024555,Chemical) :: ['ferric chloride']


abstract: A case of @entity5426 of the third eyelid in a 15-year-old Domestic Short-haired cat is reported. A small red mass protruding from the anterior surface of the third eyelid in the left eye was present. Only mild @entity2024 and @entity1463 were revealed on initial ophthalmic examination. After anti-inflammatory treatment, surgery and cryotherapy were performed. On histopathologic examination the mass was located just beneath the conjunctival epithelium, suggesting that the conjunctiva was the tissue of origin. The @entity5 showed high cellularity and was composed of pleomorphic spindle and polygonal cells arranged in interlacing bundles and solid sheets. The presence of slit-like spaces between @entity5 cells containing erythrocytes demonstrated the vascular differentiation. Mitotic activity was moderate, but atypical mitoses were detected. The surgical area healed uneventfully and after 7 months there was no recurrence. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of @entity3169 of the third eyelid in a cat.

title: XXXX of the third eyelid in a cat.

entities_list: @entity5426 :: ('MESH:D006394', 'Disease') :: ['hemangiosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity1463 :: ('MESH:D012598', 'Disease') :: ['nuclear sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity2024 :: ('MESH:D003231', 'Disease') :: ['bilateral conjunctivitis']

entities_list: @entity3169 :: ('MESH:D003229', 'Disease') :: ['conjunctival hemangiosarcoma']

answer: @entity5426 :: (MESH:D006394,Disease) :: ['Hemangiosarcoma']


abstract: Sixteen animals affected in 2 outbreaks of pet food-associated @entity177 (2 @entity235 in 2004; 10 @entity468 and 4 @entity235 in 2007) were evaluated for histopathologic, toxicologic, and clinicopathologic changes. All 16 animals had clinical and laboratory evidence of @entity5507 , including @entity448 , @entity391 , lethargy, @entity2011 , @entity2629 , and @entity2265 . Where measured, serum hepatic enzyme concentrations were normal in animals from both outbreaks. All animals died or were euthanized because of severe @entity5507 . Distal tubular lesions were present in all 16 animals, and unique polarizable crystals with striations were present in distal tubules or collecting ducts in all animals. The proximal tubules were largely unaffected. Crystals and histologic appearance were identical in both outbreaks. A chronic pattern of histologic change, characterized by interstitial @entity82 and @entity32 , was observed in some affected animals. @entity5370 and @entity21748 were present in renal tissue from both outbreaks. These results indicate that the pet food-associated @entity177 outbreaks in 2004 and 2007 share identical clinical, histologic, and toxicologic findings, providing compelling evidence that they share the same causation.

title: Outbreaks of @entity177 associated with @entity5370 and XXXX in @entity235 and @entity468 in 2004 and 2007.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity21748 :: ('MESH:C004632', 'Chemical') :: ['cyanuric acid']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity448 :: ('MESH:D000855', 'Disease') :: ['anorexia']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity2265 :: ('MESH:D054559', 'Disease') :: ['hyperphosphatemia']

entities_list: @entity5370 :: ('MESH:C011907', 'Chemical') :: ['Melamine']

answer: @entity21748 :: (MESH:C004632,Chemical) :: ['cyanuric acid']


abstract: The receptor for the @entity2290 ( @entity2290 ) accounts for many features of @entity5 progression, and is therefore considered a target for anti-tumoral therapy. Only full length @entity2290 mediates @entity5 progression. @entity10885 ( @entity10885 )-dependent @entity2290 cleavage results into the loss of invasion properties and angiogenesis. @entity10885 can be employed in the field of "targeted therapies" as a biological drug to be delivered directly in @entity1 's @entity5 mass. Endothelial Progenitor Cells (EPCs) are selectively recruited within the @entity5 and could be used as cellular vehicles for delivering anti- @entity5 molecules. The aim of our study is to inhibit @entity5 progression by engeneering ECFCs, a subset of EPC, with a lentivirus encoding the anti- @entity5 @entity2290 -degrading enzyme @entity10885 . Ex vivo manipulated ECFCs lost the capacity to perform capillary morphogenesis and acquired the anti- @entity5 and anti-angiogenetic activity. In vivo @entity10885 -engineered ECFCs cleaved @entity2290 within the @entity5 mass and strongly inhibited @entity5 growth, @entity5 angiogenesis and development of lung @entity3 . The possibility to exploit @entity5 homing and activity of autologous @entity10885 -engineered ECFCs represents a novel way to combat @entity320 by a "personalized therapy", without rejection risk. The i.v. injection of radiolabelled @entity10885 -ECFCs can thus provide a new theranostic approach to control @entity320 progression and @entity3 .

title: @entity320 cell therapy: Endothelial progenitor cells as shuttle of the XXXX @entity2290 -degrading enzyme.

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity10885 :: ('4321', 'Gene') :: ['MMP12', 'Matrix-metallo-proteinase-12']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity2290 :: ('5328', 'Gene') :: ['uPAR', 'urokinase-type plasminogen activator']

answer: @entity10885 :: (4321,Gene) :: ['MMP12']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Lung transplantation is the only definitive therapy for many forms of @entity454 . Studies have demonstrated the critical role of @entity636 in the development of lung rejection. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are essential for the establishment and maintenance of immune tolerance. METHODS: We established @entity19 orthotopic lung transplantation models to investigate the importance of @entity636 and @entity636 -producing cell types in acute lung allograft rejection and the efficacy of the adoptive transfer of induced Tregs (iTregs) in attenuating pathologic lesions of lung allografts. RESULTS: We found that the @entity636 produced by Th17 cells and y   T cells might make the primary contributions to the progression of acute lung allograft rejection. Interleukin-17 @entity358 . Exogenous iTregs maintained their @entity3744 expression levels in lung allograft recipients. Induced Tregs therapy downregulated the expressions of Th17 and @entity636 y   T cells and increased @entity1618 production in the @entity19 orthotopic lung transplantation models. Moreover, the adoptive transfer of iTregs prolonged the survivals of the lung allografts and attenuated the progression of acute rejection. CONCLUSION: These data suggested that the adoptive transfer of iTregs could suppress the Th17 cells and @entity636 y   cells of the recipients, decrease the expression of @entity636 , and attenuate the pathology of acute lung allograft rejection. Exogenous iTregs upregulated immunosuppressive factors, such as @entity1618 and suppressed @entity636 -producing cells, which was one of the pathways to play a role in protecting lung allografts.

title: The Critical Role of Induced CD4+ XXXX + Regulatory Cells in Suppression of Interleukin-17 Production and Attenuation of @entity19 Orthotopic Lung Allograft Rejection.

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['deficiency decreased lung allograft lesions']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage lung disease']

answer: @entity3744 :: (20371(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['FoxP3']


abstract: Th2 responses, especially @entity688 secretion by circulating mononuclear cells are associated with the progressive form of AE and @entity1198 responses with resistance. The HLA B8, @entity4106 , @entity7922 haplotype is associated with the severity of AE in @entity1 through immune-mediated mechanisms including an elevated production of @entity688 ( @entity688 ). Granulomatous infiltration of mononuclear cells around the parasitic vesicles is a hallmark of this disease; however, cytokine production by @entity738 cells has never been studied. Tissue samples were taken in the periparasitic area and in the central area of the periparasitic @entity75 from a @entity1 with a progressive AE at surgery. Six pieces for each zone were incubated in culture medium with antibiotics and @entity1199 , together with irradiated autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells as feeder cells. After four days the dead feeder cells were removed by density gradient centrifugation. Lymphocytes were stimulated with @entity2328 vesicular fluid antigen (Emf) or @entity8990 to study @entity688 , IFN-, and IL-4 production in the supernatant. Emf-stimulated mononuclear cells from the central part of the lesions secreted more @entity688 and less @entity379 than cells from the periphery of the @entity738 . At the basal level, @entity688 secretion by the locally infiltrating cells was also high and this confirms at the local @entity738 level our previous results obtained from cultures of circulating mononuclear cells. The present study confirms that @entity688 secretion is a key feature of the immune response against @entity2328 in @entity1 . The location of the cells which produce the highest amount of @entity688 , those in contact with parasitic structures, suggests that the parasite itself is able to modulate the immune response of the host so that the infiltrating cells cannot participate in the effector phase of the cellular immune response. The nature of the parasitic structures involved and the mechanisms which lead to an imbalanced cytokine production remain to be elucidated.

title: Profile of cytokine production within the periparasitic XXXX in @entity1 alveolar echinococcosis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity738 :: ('MESH:D006099', 'Disease') :: ['granuloma']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['granulomatous lesions']

entities_list: @entity2328 :: ('6211', 'Species') :: ['E. multilocularis', 'Echinococcus multilocularis']

answer: @entity738 :: (MESH:D006099,Disease) :: ['granuloma']


abstract: PURPOSE: The authors evaluate the prognostic value of treadmill testing in a large consecutive series of @entity1 with chronic @entity453 . Exercise testing is widely performed, but analyses of the prognostic value of test results have largely concentrated on @entity1 referred for the diagnosis of @entity453 , @entity1 after an acute coronary event or procedure, or @entity1 with @entity712 . METHODS: All @entity1 referred for evaluation at two university-affiliated Veterans Affairs Medical Centers who underwent exercise treadmill tests for clinical indications between 1987 and 2000 were determined to be dead or alive using the Social Security Death Index after a mean 5.8-year follow-up. @entity1 without established @entity299 and those with @entity712 were excluded, leaving the target population of those with a history @entity583 or coronary intervention. Clinical and exercise test variables were collected prospectively according to standard definitions; testing and data management were performed in a standardized fashion using a computer-assisted protocol. All-cause mortality was used as the endpoint for follow-up. Standard survival analysis was performed including Kaplan Meier curves and the @entity797 Hazard Model. RESULTS: Of the 1,473 @entity1 with @entity453 who had exercise testing, 273 (19%) @entity1 had a revascularization procedure (Revascularization group); 813 (55%) had a history of @entity583 , diagnostic Q waves (MI group), or both; and 387 (26%) had a history of @entity583 or Q wave and revascularization (Combined group). Mean age of the @entity1 was 61.8 +/- 9 years. A total of 401 @entity204 occurred during a mean follow-up of 5.8 years with an annual mortality rate of 4.5%. Only two variables, age and maximal exercise capacity, were independently and statistically associated with time to death in all three groups and were the strongest predictors of all cause mortality. CONCLUSION: A simple score based on METs, age, and history of @entity583 or diagnostic Q waves can stratify prognosis in @entity1 with chronic @entity453 . The score enabled the identification of a group at low risk (32% of the cohort) with an annual mortality rate of 2%, a group at intermediate risk (42% of the cohort) with an annual mortality rate of about 4%, and a group at high risk (26% of the cohort) with an average annual mortality rate of approximately 7%.

title: Prognostic value of exercise tests in male veterans with chronic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart disease']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

answer: @entity453 :: (MESH:D003324,Disease) :: ['coronary artery disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Periesophageal @entity128 is recognized as a rare complication in @entity955 ablation procedures. We investigated the factors associated with the occurrence of symptomatic periesophageal @entity128 after pulmonary vein antrum isolation. METHODS AND RESULTS: Overall, 535 consecutive @entity1 who underwent sole pulmonary vein antrum isolation were included. Point-by-point radiofrequency applications were applied using irrigated-tip catheters under minimal sedation without esophageal temperature monitoring. In the initial 165 @entity1 , the ablation settings for the posterior left atrium were a maximum energy of 25 to 30 W and a duration of 30 seconds. In the subsequent 370 @entity1 , the power was additionally limited to 20 to 25 W at specific parts of the posterior left atrium where the ablation line transversed the esophagus. Symptomatic @entity356 was found in 13 @entity1 , and all were observed during the initial period (7.9%). No other collateral damage was observed. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the body mass index was the only independent predictor for identifying @entity1 with @entity356 (odds ratio 0.770; 95% confidence interval 0.643 to 0.922; P=0.0045) during the initial period. The prevalence of @entity356 was significantly higher in the initial study period than subsequently (0 of 370, 0%; P<0.0001). All except for 1 @entity1 recovered completely with conservative treatment within 4 months after the procedure. CONCLUSIONS: Periesophageal @entity128 is more common collateral damage than direct esophageal injury in pulmonary vein antrum isolation procedures. Titrating the radiofrequency energy at specific areas where the ablation line transverses the esophagus and taking account of the body mass index might reduce occurrences not only of direct esophageal damage but also of periesophageal @entity128 in pulmonary vein antrum isolation procedures.

title: Factors associated with periesophageal XXXX after pulmonary vein antrum isolation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric hypomotility']

entities_list: @entity128 :: ('MESH:D020209', 'Disease') :: ['vagal nerve injury']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

answer: @entity128 :: (MESH:D020209,Disease) :: ['vagal nerve injury']


abstract: AIM: The purpose of the study is to assess the epidemiological situation of @entity281 and intoxications in Poland in 2012. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The evaluation was based on analysis of information from reports of epidemiological investigations in foodborne outbreaks, submitted by the sanitary-epidemiological stations to the Department of Epidemiology, NIZP-PZH annual bulletins (Czarkowski MP et al. " @entity166 and @entity4968 in Poland", 2006-2012. Warsaw, NIPH-NIH and CSI). RESULTS: In Poland in 2012 there was observed decrease in the number of @entity2348 . It was recorded only one case of @entity8573 . There were reported 491 outbreaks of foodborne @entity4968 or @entity281 included 5 774 @entity1 , among them 718 @entity1 1-14 years old. Out of them 1 364 @entity1 were hospitalized. Unlike last year, the predominant etiological agent in those outbreaks were zoonotic Salmonella serotypes which caused 38.1% outbreaks and 26.7% outbreak cases. The viruses have caused 27.1% of outbreaks and 36.2% of cases. In 23.8% of outbreaks etiological agent has not been established. Most often the settings of an outbreak was a private household - 236 outbreaks and a hospital (84 outbreaks). As in previous years, the most common vehicle of @entity281 were foods prepared with milk and eggs -11.8% of outbreaks and egg dishes - 9.0%. In 57.6% of oubreaks vehicle of @entity281 has not been established. Among outbreaks reported in 2012, there were 4 which involved more than 100 @entity1 . In 163 outbreaks of food items had been tested and in 33% of them the results were positive. CONCLUSIONS: The increasing negative results of bacteriological examinations of food items, suggested necessity to start testing food contamination with viruses.

title: XXXX and intoxications in Poland in 2012.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'people']

entities_list: @entity2348 :: ('MESH:D001424', 'Disease') :: ['infections intoxications both of bacterial and viral origin']

entities_list: @entity4968 :: ('MESH:D011041', 'Disease') :: ['poisonings']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['foodborne infections', 'infection', 'infections']

entities_list: @entity8573 :: ('MESH:D014235', 'Disease') :: ['trichinellosis']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['Infectious diseases']

answer: @entity281 :: (MESH:D007239,Disease) :: ['Foodborne infections']


abstract: OBJECT: Information about complications, @entity1 outcomes, and mortality rate after @entity1104 ( @entity1104 ) for @entity699 has been derived largely from single-institution series. In this study the authors report on inpatient @entity204 , morbidity, and outcomes following @entity1104 for @entity699 on a national level. METHODS: All @entity1 in the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) database who had undergone transsphenoidal resection of a @entity977 for @entity699 between 1993 and 2002 were included in the study. The number of cases per year, length of stay (LOS), and rates of inpatient complications, @entity204 , and adverse outcomes ( @entity204 or discharge to institution other than home) were abstracted. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to determine the effects of @entity1 and hospital characteristics on outcome measures. RESULTS: According to the NIS, there were an estimated 3525 cases of @entity1104 for @entity699 in the US between 1993 and 2002. During this period, there was a trend toward a small increase in the number of TSSs for @entity699 . The in-hospital mortality rate was 0.7%, and the complication rate was 42.1%. @entity2010 (15%), fluid and electrolyte abnormalities (12.5%), and @entity51 (5.6%) were the most common complications reported. Multivariate analysis showed that complications were more likely in @entity1 with pre-operative comorbidities. @entity1 older than 64 years were much more likely to have an adverse outcome (odds ratio [OR] 20.8) and a prolonged hospital stay (OR 2.2). @entity1 were less likely than @entity1 to have an adverse outcome (OR 0.3). A single postoperative complication increased the mean LOS by 3 days, more than tripled the odds of an adverse outcome, and increased the hospital charges by more than US  7000. CONCLUSIONS: The authors provided a national perspective on trends, inpatient complications, and outcomes after @entity1104 for @entity699 in the US. @entity260 had a significantly negative effect on LOS, adverse outcome, and resource utilization. Advanced age and multiple preoperative comorbidities were identified as important risk factors, and their effects on @entity1 outcomes were quantified.

title: National trends, complications, and outcomes following XXXX for @entity699 from 1993 to 2002.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'Women', 'men']

entities_list: @entity699 :: ('MESH:D003480', 'Disease') :: ["Cushing's disease"]

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deficits']

entities_list: @entity977 :: ('MESH:D010911', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary tumor']

entities_list: @entity1104 :: ('MESH:D000267', 'Disease') :: ['TSS', 'transsphenoidal surgery']

entities_list: @entity2010 :: ('MESH:D003919', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetes insipidus']

answer: @entity1104 :: (MESH:D000267,Disease) :: ['transsphenoidal surgery']


abstract: The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between invasion and proliferation in @entity309 synovial fibroblasts (RASFs). In vitro, RASFs, normal synovial fibroblasts (NSFs), and RASFs transformed with SV40 T-antigen (RASF(SV40)) were analyzed for the expression of cell surface markers ( @entity3512 , @entity6580 , @entity8024 , @entity14636 , @entity3844 ) and their proliferation by flow cytometry. Furthermore, colony-forming unit assays were performed and the expression of @entity5781 and @entity35364 mRNA were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction. In vivo, in the @entity466 ( @entity466 ) @entity19 co-implantation model, RASFs, NSFs, and RASF(SV40) were tested for cartilage invasion, cellular density, and for their expression of the cell cycle-associated protein @entity14160 . In the @entity466 @entity19 co-implantation model, RASFs invaded significantly stronger into the cartilage than NSFs and RASF(SV40). Of note, RASF(SV40) cells formed @entity5 -like tissues, and the cellular density adjacent to the cartilage was significantly higher than in RASFs or NSFs. In turn, the proliferation marker @entity14160 was strongly expressed in the SV40-transformed synoviocytes in @entity466 @entity19 , but not in RASFs, and specifically not at sites of cartilage invasion. Using the colony-forming unit assay, RASFs and NSFs did not form colonies, whereas RASF(SV40) lost contact inhibition. In vitro, the proliferative rate of RASFs was low (4.3% S phase) in contrast to RASF(SV40) (24.4%). Expression of @entity6580 was significantly higher, whereas of @entity8024 was significantly lower, in RASFs than in RASF(SV40). @entity14636 was significantly stronger expressed in RASF(SV40), whereas @entity3844 and AS02 were present at the same degree in almost all synoviocytes. Expression of @entity35364 and matrix metalloproteinase-14 mRNA was significantly higher in RASFs than in the RASF(SV40). Our data demonstrate clearly that invasion of cartilage is mediated by activated RASFs characterized by increased expression of adhesion molecules, matrix-degrading enzymes, but does not depend on cellular proliferation, suggesting the dissociation of invasion and proliferation in RASFs.

title: Cartilage destruction mediated by synovial fibroblasts does not depend on proliferation in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5781 :: ('17387(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-14']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']

entities_list: @entity466 :: ('MESH:D016511', 'Disease') :: ['SCID', 'severe combined immunodeficiency']

answer: @entity309 :: (MESH:D001172,Disease) :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate optic nerve vascular density using swept source optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in @entity1 with early @entity725 ( @entity725 ), pre-perimetric @entity726 and normal eyes. METHODS: This is a prospective, observational study including 56 eyes in total and divided into 3 groups; 20 eyes with mild @entity725 , 20 pre-perimetric @entity726 , and 16 age-matched normal eyes as controls. The optic disc region was imaged by a 1050-nm-wavelength swept-source OCT system (DRI OCT Triton, TOPCON). Vessel density was assessed as the ratio of the area occupied by the vessels in 3 distinct regions: 1) within the optic nerve head; 2) in the 3 mm papillary region around the optic disc; and 3) in the peripapillary region, defined as a 700- m-wide elliptical annulus around the disc. The potential associations between vessel density and structural, functional measures were analyzed. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant difference for the peripapillary vessel density, optic nerve head vessel density, and papillary vessel density among all the groups (p<0.001). Control eyes showed a significant difference for all measured vessel densities compared to @entity735 (p values from 0.001 to 0.024). There was a statistically significant difference between control and pre-perimetric @entity726 for peripapillary, optic nerve head and papillary vessel density values (p values from 0.001 to 0.007). The optic nerve head vessel density, superior and inferior papillary area vessel density (Pearson r = 0.512, 0.436, 0.523 respectively) were highly correlated with mean overall, superior and inferior RNFL thickness in @entity725 eyes (p = 0.04, p = 0.02 and p = 0.04 respectively). Multiple linear regression analysis of @entity725 group showed that optic nerve head vessel density in @entity725 group was more strongly linked to RNFL thickness than to any other variables. CONCLUSIONS: Eyes with mild @entity725 could be differentiated from pre-perimetric @entity726 , which also could be differentiated from normal eyes using OCTA-derived retinal vessel density measurements.

title: Retinal vessel density from optical coherence tomography angiography to differentiate @entity726 , pre-perimetric XXXX and normal eyes.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity725 :: ('MESH:C562750', 'Disease') :: ['POAG', 'primary open angle glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity735 :: ('MESH:D005124', 'Disease') :: ['glaucomatous eyes']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['glaucoma', 'glaucoma eyes']

answer: @entity726 :: (MESH:D005901,Disease) :: ['glaucoma']


abstract: PURPOSE: Orchiectomy followed by infradiaphragmatic irradiation is the standard treatment for Stage I-II @entity4797 in The Netherlands. Because body image and sexual functioning can be affected by treatment, a retrospective study was carried out to assess treatment outcome, body image, and changes in sexuality after orchiectomy and radiotherapy. METHODS AND MATERIALS: The medical charts of 166 @entity1 with Stage I-II @entity4797 were reviewed. A questionnaire on body image and current sexual functioning regarding the frequency and quality of erections, sexual activity, significance of sex, and changes in sexuality was sent to 157 @entity1 (at a mean of 51 months after treatment). RESULTS: Seventy-eight percent (n = 123, mean age 42 years) completed the questionnaire. During irradiation, almost half of @entity1 experienced @entity390 and 19% @entity390 and @entity391 . Only 3 @entity1 had disease relapse. After treatment, about 20% reported less interest and pleasure in sex and less sexual activity. Interest in sex, erectile difficulties, and satisfaction with sexual life did not differ from age-matched healthy controls. At the time of the survey, 17% of @entity1 had erectile difficulties, a figure that was significantly higher than before treatment, but which correlated also with age. Twenty percent expressed concerns about fertility, and 52% found their body had changed after treatment. @entity5 treatment had negatively influenced sexual life in 32% of the @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Orchiectomy with radiotherapy is an effective and well-tolerated treatment for Stage I-II @entity4797 . Treatment-induced changes in body image and concerns about fertility were detected, but the @entity458 encountered did not seem to differ from those of healthy controls, although baseline data are lacking.

title: Treatment outcome, body image, and sexual functioning after orchiectomy and radiotherapy for Stage I-II XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cancer']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['sexual problems']

entities_list: @entity4797 :: ('MESH:D018239', 'Disease') :: ['testicular seminoma']

answer: @entity4797 :: (MESH:D018239,Disease) :: ['testicular seminoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Chronic @entity101 induces @entity6980 . The most important factor for @entity101 treatment is reducing the risk of @entity65 . OW1 is a novel @entity21855 derivative that exhibits vasodilative activity and antihypertensive effects in two-kidney one-clip (2K1C) renovascular @entity101 @entity35 . It also inhibited @entity6980 of the thoracic aorta in a previous study. Here, the inhibitory effects and mechanisms of OW1 on arterial @entity6980 were investigated in vitro and in 2K1C @entity101 @entity35 in vivo. OW1 (20 M, 10 M, 5 M) inhibited Ang II-induced vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) proliferation and ROS generation in vitro. OW1 also reversed the Ang II-mediated inhibition of a-SMA levels and stimulation of OPN levels. Histology results showed that treatment of 2K1C @entity101 @entity35 with OW1 (20, 40, and 80mg/kg per day, respectively for 5weeks) in vivo significantly decreased the number of VSMCs, the aortic cross-sectional area (CSA), the media to lumen (M/L) ratio, and the content of collagen I and III in the mesenteric artery. Western blot results also revealed that OW1 stimulated the expression of a-SMA and inhibited the expression of collagen I and III on the thoracic aorta of 2K1C @entity101 @entity35 . In mechanistic studies, OW1 acted as an @entity1811 inhibitor and affected @entity460 channels. The suppression of MMP expression and the MAPK pathway may account for the effects of OW1 on @entity6980 . OW1 attenuated @entity6980 in vitro and in vivo. It could be a novel candidate for @entity101 intervention.

title: The XXXX derivative OW1, a new vasoactive compound, inhibits VSMC proliferation and extracellular matrix hyperplasia.

entities_list: @entity21855 :: ('MESH:C031534', 'Chemical') :: ['imperatorin']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity6980 :: ('MESH:D066253', 'Disease') :: ['vascular remodeling']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity21855 :: (MESH:C031534,Chemical) :: ['imperatorin']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare the effects of 24-h continuous femoral @entity616 (CFNB) and periarticular infiltration analgesia (PIA) on @entity282 and functional results in the first 6 weeks after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). METHODS: Sixty @entity1 who underwent unilateral TKA were included in this study. The @entity1 were divided into two groups: Group A received CFNB and Group B received PIA. Each @entity1 received 0.25% @entity1343 and 1:100,000 @entity1425 as infiltration to the posterior capsule. A @entity1 -controlled analgesia (PCA) device was used for all @entity1 , and 24-h @entity1340 usage by @entity1 was recorded. We measured maximum range of motion (ROM), @entity158 using a visual analog scale (VAS), 2-min walk test (2MWT), and the scores of Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) and Knee Society Score (KSS). RESULTS: Compared with Group B, Group A had lower postoperative opioid usage (p<0.05), @entity158 at rest (p<0.05), @entity158 with passive motion (p<0.05), @entity158 with movement and after active movement (p<0.05), and superior passive and active ROM (p<0.05). Group A also had better 2MWT results at 24 and 48 h after surgery (p<0.05), and superior WOMAC and KSS results at 6 weeks after surgery. CONCLUSION: As long as it is applied with infiltration analgesia to the posterior capsule, CFNB is an effective and safe analgesia method resulting in better postoperative @entity1 comfort and greater ROM. Furthermore, it produces better results in the early postoperative period with a favorable side effect profile.

title: A comparison of continuous femoral @entity616 and periarticular local infiltration analgesia in the management of early period XXXX developing after total knee arthroplasty.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1340 :: ('MESH:D014147', 'Chemical') :: ['tramadol']

entities_list: @entity1425 :: ('MESH:D004837', 'Chemical') :: ['epinephrine']

entities_list: @entity1343 :: ('MESH:C476513', 'Chemical') :: ['levobupivacaine']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['less pain', 'pain']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative pain']

entities_list: @entity616 :: ('MESH:D006327', 'Disease') :: ['nerve block']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: Users of combined oral contraceptives may have a 50% lower risk of developing @entity1204 than nonusers, according to a recent study which also confirms that users of sequential pills have a much greater risk of developing it. An accompanying editorial however cautions that because of the small numbers involved in the study, the apparent protective effect of the combined pill may be due to chance. The investigators identified all white @entity1 aged 35-54 in a 2-county area of Washington in whom @entity1204 had been diagnosed between January 1975 and December 1977, and successfully interviewed 117 of them. 395 controls were also selected. Both groups were interviewed to determine their reproductive and menstrual histories and use of @entity172 any time prior to the diagnosis. @entity1 with @entity1204 had used the combined pill less often than the controls, and the relative protection of combined preparations was reported to be greatest during use and for 1 or 2 years thereafter. @entity1 who had used menopausal @entity172 for 3 or more years after discontinuing pill use apparently were not protected. The increased risk of @entity1204 among users of sequentials was due to 1 preparation, Oracon. Oracon contained a much greater quantity of a potent @entity172 and a smaller quantity of a weak progestogen than other sequentials, and also included 2 more days of @entity172 per cycle. Possible objections to studies implicating @entity172 in @entity1204 are cited.

title: Combined pills may decrease XXXX risk; sequentials may increase it.

entities_list: @entity1204 :: ('MESH:D016889', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial cancer']

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen', 'estrogens']

answer: @entity1204 :: (MESH:D016889,Disease) :: ['endometrial cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity57993 , a @entity3857 extracted from @entity9052 , inhibits angiogenesis. The combination of low-dose chemotherapy and anti-angiogenic inhibitors suppresses growth of experimental @entity5 more effectively than conventional therapy or anti-angiogenic agent alone. The present study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of low-dose @entity136 combined with @entity57993 on angiogenesis and growth of @entity2 in @entity19 . METHODS: C57L/6 @entity19 implanted with @entity2 were randomized into the control, @entity57993 , @entity136 and combination group. The quality of life and survival of @entity19 were recorded. @entity5 volume, inhibitive rate and @entity39 rate were estimated. Necrosis of @entity5 and signals of blood flow as well as dynamic parameters of arterial blood flow in @entity5 such as peak systolic velocity (PSV) and resistive index (RI) were detected by color Doppler ultrasound. In addition, expression of @entity1611 ( @entity1611 ) and @entity5231 were observed by immunohistochemstry, and microvessel density (MVD) of the @entity5 tissues was assessed by @entity5231 immunohistochemical analysis. RESULTS: Quality of life of @entity19 in the @entity57993 and combination group were better than in the control and @entity136 group. Combined therapy with @entity57993 and @entity136 not only enhanced efficacy on suppression of @entity5 growth and prolongation of the survival, but also increased @entity39 rate of @entity5 significantly. In addition, the combination treatment could obviously decrease @entity1611 expression and MVD as well as signals of blood flow and PSV in @entity5 . CONCLUSION: @entity57993 combined with @entity136 may significantly inhibit angiogenesis and growth of @entity2 and improve survival and quality of life of @entity5 -bearing @entity19 . The combination of chemotherapy and anti-angiogenic drugs may be an innovative and promising therapeutic strategy in the experimental treatment of @entity1 @entity2 .

title: Inhibitory effect of @entity57993 combined with XXXX on angiogenesis and growth of @entity2 in @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity57993 :: ('MESH:C097367', 'Chemical') :: ['Ginsenoside Rg3', 'ginsenoside Rg3']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['established Lewis lung carcinoma', 'Lewis lung carcinoma', 'lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity1611 :: ('22339(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial cell growth factor', 'VEGF']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['gemcitabine']

answer: @entity136 :: (MESH:C056507,Chemical) :: ['gemcitabine']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 298 Background: Major barriers to high risk @entity0 risk assessment include inadequate documentation of family history, complexity of risk calculation and model selection, and lack of awareness. We have established a high risk @entity0 assessment program using a computer-based real time risk calculation at time of screening mammography. Objectives were to facilitate identification of high risk @entity1 needing genetic counseling/testing and MRI breast screening. METHODS: Beginning 11/23/2010, prior to screening mammogram all @entity1 completed a self reported risk assessment using a wireless tablet. With real time risk calculation for risk of genetic mutation (Myriad and BRCAPRO models) as well as life time risk of @entity0 (Gail, Claus, Tyrer-Cuzick, and BRCAPRO models) using HughesRiskApps @entity1 were categorized into high risk ( >=  10% gene mutation risk or >=  20% life time @entity0 risk) or average risk groups and received a risk assessment letter. The risk data was integrated into mammography information system (Penrad) simultaneously. High risk @entity1 were contacted by a coordinator to facilitate high risk clinic evaluation. RESULTS: As of June 30, 2012, 24,213 @entity1 without a @entity5 history completed HRA; 2,196 @entity1 (9.1%) have been identified as high risk- for genetic mutation 1,051 pts, (4.3%), life time risk 1,570 pts, (6.5%), and both risks 425 pt, (1.8%). 416 @entity1 (18.9%) of those high risk @entity1 have been evaluated in the high risk clinic. 231 @entity1 have been evaluated by genetic counselor and 97 have had genetic testing and 9 with positive results (9.3%). Yearly screening breast MRI has been recommended to 254 @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: We have successfully implemented @entity0 risk assessment through screening mammography service. Results suggest that 9.1% of our @entity1 can benefit from high risk clinic assessment and 4.3% should have consideration for gene mutation testing. 6.5% of our @entity1 may benefit from screening breast MRI. We strive to improve the number of @entity1 who proceed with high risk clinic assessment by education of our @entity1 regarding benefits of screening and risk reducing strategies.

title: Short-term outcomes of implementation of a computer-based XXXX risk assessment program during screening mammography.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: To assess the symptoms and signs of @entity697 media and efficiency of simple antibiotics like @entity115 in its treatment in the primary health care setup. This is a prospective longitudinal study including 204 @entity1 from different institutions. @entity1 were diagnosed as suffering from @entity697 media when presented with @entity7867 , @entity221 , @entity27915 and or @entity2972 . @entity1 were divided into two equal groups on basis of the treatment they received, Group A received only symptomatic treatment while Group B were given @entity115 (40 mg/kg/day) for 7 days. @entity697 was common in @entity1 under 15 years (64.7%). @entity1 presented with @entity7867 (100%), aural @entity27915 (90.68%), @entity221 (76.47%) associated with recent onset of @entity1729 (88.23%). In group A, improvement was noticed in 28.43% in 3 days while 35.29% in 7 days. In group B, improvement was noticed in 48.03% in day 3 while 86.27% in day 7. In countries where medical care is scarce, @entity1 lost to follow up, it is wise to treat with simple antibiotics like @entity115 in adequate dose than to treat only symptomatically. It prevents chronicity, early @entity393 and reduces antibiotic resistance.

title: XXXX : a simple diagnosis, a simple treatment.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute otitis', 'Acute otitis media']

entities_list: @entity115 :: ('MESH:D000658', 'Chemical') :: ['Amoxicillin', 'amoxicillin']

entities_list: @entity1729 :: ('MESH:D012141', 'Disease') :: ['upper respiratory tract infections']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing impairments']

answer: @entity697 :: (MESH:D000208,Disease) :: ['Acute otitis media']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is an important prognosis predictor after @entity14 ( @entity14 ) resection, enabling more accurate staging and influencing postoperative management. AIMS: To assess/compare various tissue block types (perpendicular, tangential, across mesentery (AM), from major vessels or lymph nodes (LNs)) for @entity3 detection in @entity14 . METHODS: Fifty two CRCs (51 colectomies, one polypectomy) were studied. @entity5 were measured, surface area calculated, and colorectum and bowel wall sites recorded. Weigert's staining for elastin facilitated @entity3 detection. @entity3 sites, type, and amount were recorded. Ratios of relative yield of tissue block types to their frequency were calculated. RESULTS: Average numbers of tissue blocks/colectomy specimen were: perpendicular, 10.2; tangential, 9.1; AM, 3.3; from major vessels, 2.1. Average number of LNs examined was 16.47. @entity3 was detected in 22 @entity5 . Overall, @entity3 was detected in 16 perpendicular, seven tangential, five AM, and two @entity616 . @entity3 was detected in eight, two, one, and three @entity5 in perpendicular, tangential, LN, and AM blocks alone, respectively. In seven @entity5 , @entity3 was identified in multiple tissue block types. The average number of blocks obtained was 39.7, 42.1, and 38 from all @entity5 , @entity3 positive, and @entity5 , respectively (p = 0.0497). Efficacy to detect @entity3 was 2.151, 2.088, 1.092, 0.172, and 0 for AM, perpendicular, tangential, LN, and mesenteric vessel blocks, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3 was identified most frequently and in eight cases only in perpendicular blocks. However, extramural @entity3 was detected in six @entity5 only in blocks cut tangentially, AM, or from harvested LNs. Hence, all these types of blocks should be submitted routinely and scanned for @entity3 .

title: Detection of venous invasion in surgical specimens of XXXX : the efficacy of various types of tissue blocks.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Tumours', 'tumours', 'VI negative tumours']

entities_list: @entity616 :: ('MESH:D006327', 'Disease') :: ['LN blocks']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['CRC', 'colorectal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['VI', 'Venous invasion']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal carcinoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical characteristics and treatment results obtained with the application of a homogeneous treatment protocol in 1490 @entity1 with @entity5 ( @entity5 ) registered in the 55 hospitals belonging to the Spanish Germ-Cell Cancer Group (GG) during the period between January 1994 and April 2001. METHODS: In general, surveillance was the common policy for stage I @entity1 without local poor prognosis factors, whereas they received adjuvant chemotherapy in case those factor were present. Chemotherapy schedules used in advanced cases were @entity900 and @entity2879 (EP) for @entity4797 and BEP or @entity11524 in @entity4797 , according to whether the @entity1 was in the good or poor prognosis IGCCCG (International Germ-Cell Cancer Collaborative Group) group. Excision of residual masses was mandatory in non-seminomatous @entity5 (NSGCT). RESULTS: Initial local symptomatology was increased testis size in 90% of cases. Sonography was an excellent diagnostic tool to suggest @entity5 . @entity4797 (64.2%) was more frequent than @entity4797 (35.8%). Approximately 10% had the antecedent of cryptorchidism. @entity4797 @entity1 were 7 years younger than @entity4797 . Right testis was involved predominantly. Pre-orchidectomy @entity5 markers were elevated in 21% of @entity4797 (betaHGC) and 79% in @entity4797 (alphaFP and/or betaHGC). Scrotum violation occurred in only 1.8%. There were significant differences among stage I and the IGCCCG prognosis groups related to a longer interval between the first symptom and orchiectomy. Eighteen percent of non-seminomatous @entity5 belonged to the poor prognosis IGCCCG group. With a median follow-up to 33 months, this series has achieved a 3 year overall survival of 98% for @entity4797 and 94% for @entity4797 . Only 10% of excised residual masses present after chemotherapy contained malignant cells. CONCLUSION: Spanish @entity5 have a similar clinical pattern to that described in the other occidental countries except for a slight increased proportion of @entity4797 . Co-operative groups as GG are unique structures to obtain quick and wide experience on the treatment of @entity5 , contributing to achieve a high cure rate.

title: Clinical pattern and therapeutic results achieved in 1490 @entity1 with XXXX of the testis: the experience of the Spanish Germ-Cell Cancer Group (GG).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['germ-cell tumours', 'GCT', 'germ-cell tumour', 'testis tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity2879 :: ('MESH:D005047', 'Chemical') :: ['etoposide']

entities_list: @entity4797 :: ('MESH:D018239', 'Disease') :: ['non-seminoma upon seminoma', 'Non-seminoma', 'non-seminoma', 'seminoma']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['germ-cell tumours']


abstract: @entity2057 of the distal upper extremity (JMADUE) is postulated to be a type of flexion @entity602 . However, @entity1 with typical clinical features of JMADUE but without evidence of flexion @entity602 have been reported. We recently reported a significant association of JMADUE with airway @entity566 . Here we report the successful treatment by @entity8450 ( @entity8450 ) of two @entity1 with both airway @entity566 and JMADUE without evidence of flexion @entity602 . @entity1 1 had a 5-year history of @entity2023 and high titers of mite antigen-specific IgE, and @entity1 2 had an 8-year history of @entity2023 and high titers of cedar pollen-specific IgE. Both @entity1 noted progressive @entity2057 and @entity425 of the upper extremities: @entity1 1 for 3 months and @entity1 2 for 3 years. Neurologically, both showed asymmetric intrinsic hand @entity2057 , oblique @entity194 of the forearm muscles, and @entity425 and @entity2901 (minipolymyoclonus) of these muscles without any @entity1109 . Neither had any evidence of flexion @entity602 on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in a flexed position. Both were subjected to @entity8450 three times. Soon after the PEs, both showed improvement of distal muscle @entity425 of the upper extremities and marked reduction of @entity2901 of the forearm muscles. @entity1 1 showed marked reduction in ongoing denervation potentials in the distal muscles on needle electromyography, while @entity1 2 showed marked improvement of F wave persistence of bilateral median and ulnar nerves. Serum total and allergen-specific IgE decreased after PEs in both @entity1 . @entity8450 was thus considered to be effective in these two @entity1 having JMADUE without evidence of flexion @entity602 . These observations may suggest the involvement of an immune-mediated process in the neural damage of JMADUE without evidence of flexion @entity602 , especially in @entity1 with @entity1668 , and may support the notion that JMADUE is etiologically heterogeneous.

title: @entity2057 of distal upper extremity associated with airway @entity566 : two cases successfully treated by XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity1668 :: ('MESH:D004198', 'Disease') :: ['atopic diathesis']

entities_list: @entity2023 :: ('MESH:D006255', 'Disease') :: ['pollinosis', 'allergic rhinitis']

entities_list: @entity602 :: ('MESH:D013118', 'Disease') :: ['myelopathy']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['sensory impairment']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['weakness']

entities_list: @entity2901 :: ('MESH:D005207', 'Disease') :: ['contraction fasciculation']

entities_list: @entity2057 :: ('MESH:D009133', 'Disease') :: ['distal muscle atrophy', 'muscle atrophy', 'Juvenile muscular atrophy']

entities_list: @entity8450 :: ('MESH:D054219', 'Disease') :: ['plasma exchange', 'PE']

answer: @entity8450 :: (MESH:D054219,Disease) :: ['plasma exchange']


abstract: PURPOSE: We investigated the marital status and the presence or absence of @entity1 in survivors of childhood, adolescent and young adult (AYA) high-grade @entity242 and examined the influence of these factors on the quality of life (QOL) of these survivors. METHODS: Thirty-eight survivors of childhood and AYA high-grade @entity242 (18 males, 20 females) participated in a questionnaire survey on marital status and presence or absence of @entity1 , as well as on the health-related QOL (HR-QOL), using the Short Form 36 Health Survey. Diagnoses among these survivors were @entity421 (28 @entity1 ), @entity2828 (4 @entity1 ), @entity1352 (4 @entity1 ) and others (2 @entity1 ). RESULTS: Of the 18 males who participated in the survey, eight (44.4  %) were married, of whom five (62.5  %) had @entity1 . Fifteen (75.0  %) of the 20 females were married, of whom 14 (93.3  %) had @entity1 . The proportions of surviving male @entity1 who were married and who had @entity1 , respectively, were lower than those of surviving female @entity1 . The proportion of @entity1260 -treated @entity1 with @entity1 was significantly lower than that of non- @entity1260 -treated @entity1 (p  =  0.018). With respect to the relationship between marital status and HR-QOL, the scores for the vitality and mental health domains of the SF-36 of survivors who were married were significantly higher than those of unmarried survivors. CONCLUSIONS: The results of our questionnaire survey reveal that among the male survivors of high-grade @entity242 , the proportions of those who were married and of those with @entity1 were lower than those of female survivors, suggesting that strategies providing support for marriage and @entity1 -rearing may be necessary for the male survivor group. In the married group, mental QOL was high.

title: Marriage and fertility in long-term survivors of childhood, adolescent and young adult (AYA) high-grade XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'children', 'patients', 'child', 'men']

entities_list: @entity2828 :: ('MESH:D012512', 'Disease') :: ["Ewing's sarcoma"]

entities_list: @entity1352 :: ('MESH:D013584', 'Disease') :: ['synovial sarcoma']

entities_list: @entity421 :: ('MESH:D012516', 'Disease') :: ['osteosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity1260 :: ('MESH:D007069', 'Chemical') :: ['ifosfamide']

answer: @entity242 :: (MESH:D012509,Disease) :: ['sarcoma']


abstract: PURPOSE: To describe the immunohistochemical and electron microscopic characteristics of retrocorneal scrolls in @entity1036 . METHODS: Five eyes of five @entity1 with congenital @entity1036 who underwent keratoplasty for corneal opacities and @entity3279 were studied. The corneal buttons were processed for histologic examination with @entity1710 and @entity1711 staining and underwent immunohistochemistry stainings for collagen types I, III, IV, V, VI, @entity797 , fibronectin, laminin, and decorin. The corneal buttons were also processed for transmission electron microscopy and immunoelectron microscopy. RESULTS: Light microscopy revealed that the retrocorneal scrolls had a multilayered, amorphous, acellular matrix. All scrolls were lined with attenuated corneal endothelial cells. The Descemet membranes in all specimens had areas of irregular thickening with attenuated endothelium. Immunohistochemical assessment of the scrolls showed positive staining for collagens I, III, IV, VI, @entity797 , fibronectin, laminin, and decorin but not for alpha -SMA. Immunoelectron microscopy confirmed these findings. Transmission electron microscopy showed multilaminar disorganized structures in scrolls composed of long- and short-fiber collagens. CONCLUSIONS: We confirmed the presence of collagens I, III, IV, VI, @entity797 and proteoglycans in the retrocorneal scrolls lined with attenuated endothelium. Our findings may provide further insight into the pathogenesis of @entity2372 in @entity1036 .

title: Immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy of retrocorneal scrolls in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1036 :: ('MESH:D007634', 'Disease') :: ['syphilitic interstitial keratitis']

entities_list: @entity2372 :: ('MESH:C562399', 'Disease') :: ['keratopathy']

entities_list: @entity1710 :: ('MESH:D006416', 'Chemical') :: ['hematoxylin']

entities_list: @entity3279 :: ('MESH:D015715', 'Disease') :: ['corneal edema']

answer: @entity1036 :: (MESH:D007634,Disease) :: ['syphilitic interstitial keratitis']


abstract: @entity5834 , a prototypic bitter stimulus, produces several physiological actions on taste receptor cells that include inhibition of KIR and KV @entity972 currents and elevations of intracellular @entity460 . These responses display adaptation, i.e. their magnitude diminishes in the sustained presence of the stimulus. Levels of the membrane lipid @entity1078 (PIP2) are well known to modulate many @entity972 channels, activating the channel by stabilizing its open state. Here we investigate a putative relationship of KIR and KV with PIP2 levels hypothesizing that inhibition of these currents by @entity5834 might be allayed by PIP2 resynthesis. Using standard patch-clamp techniques, recordings of either @entity972 current from @entity35 posterior taste receptor cells produced essentially parallel results when PIP2 levels were manipulated pharmacologically. Increasing PIP2 levels by blocking @entity7425 -3 kinase with @entity2307 or @entity2306 , or by blocking phospholipase C with @entity4385 all significantly increased the incidence of adaptation for both KIR and KV. Conversely, lowering PIP2 synthesis by blocking PI4K or using the PIP2 scavengers @entity7055 or bovine serum albumin reduced the incidence of adaptation. Adaptation could be modulated by activation of protein kinase C but not @entity460 calmodulin kinase. Collectively, these data support two highly novel conclusions: @entity972 currents in taste receptor cells are significantly modulated by PIP2 levels and PIP2 resynthesis may play a central role in the gustatory adaptation process at the primary receptor cell level.

title: Resynthesis of @entity1078 mediates adaptation of the XXXX response in @entity35 taste receptor cells.

entities_list: @entity1078 :: ('CHEBI:18348', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate']

entities_list: @entity7425 :: ('CHEBI:18179', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphoinositide']

entities_list: @entity5834 :: ('MESH:D002110', 'Chemical') :: ['caffeine', 'Caffeine']

entities_list: @entity2307 :: ('MESH:C009687', 'Chemical') :: ['wortmannin']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

entities_list: @entity7055 :: ('MESH:D011107', 'Chemical') :: ['polylysine']

answer: @entity5834 :: (MESH:D002110,Chemical) :: ['caffeine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 with @entity751 ( @entity751 ) commonly experience severe @entity1295 that persists over time and negatively affects functioning and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). OBJECTIVES: To study the efficacy of exercise therapy (ET) and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) on reducing @entity1295 and improving activities and HRQoL in @entity1 with @entity751 . METHODS: We conducted a multicenter, single-blinded, randomized controlled trial. Over 4 months, severely @entity1295 @entity1 with @entity751 received ET, CBT, or usual care (UC). The primary end point ( @entity1295 ) was assessed using the subscale @entity1295 severity of the Checklist Individual Strength (CIS20-F). Secondary end points included activities and HRQoL, which were assessed with the Sickness Impact Profile and the 36-Item Short-Form, respectively. End points were measured at baseline and at 4, 7, and 10 months. RESULTS: A total of 68 @entity1 were randomized. No differences were observed between the intervention groups and UC group for @entity1295 (mean differences in CIS20-F score = 1.47, 95%CI = -2.84 to 5.79, for ET versus UC; and 1.87, 95%CI = -2.24 to 5.98, for CBT versus UC), activities, or HRQoL. CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrate that neither ET nor CBT were superior to UC in reducing @entity1295 in severely @entity1295 @entity751 @entity1 . Further research should investigate explanations for the lack of efficacy of these 2 currently advised approaches in clinical practice, which may provide clues to improving treatment aimed at reducing @entity1295 in @entity751 .

title: No Reduction of Severe Fatigue in XXXX With Postpolio Syndrome by Exercise Therapy or Cognitive Behavioral Therapy: Results of an RCT.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'People']

entities_list: @entity1295 :: ('MESH:D005221', 'Disease') :: ['fatigue', 'fatigued']

entities_list: @entity751 :: ('MESH:D013577', 'Disease') :: ['PPS', 'postpolio syndrome']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity16337 is a @entity74 with worsening airway, pulmonary, and cardiac involvement that may complicate anesthetic care. AIM: To prospectively evaluate the incidence of airway issues and complications during magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and lumbar puncture (LP) during general anesthesia with a native airway for @entity1 with @entity16337 . METHOD: The study was a part of the natural history study. Anesthesia was induced with @entity2614 , which was discontinued after intravenous access was obtained. General anesthesia with a native airway was provided by @entity6948 and @entity1875 . @entity6948 (0.5  g  kg(-1) ) was administered over 5 min followed by a continuous infusion at 0.5  g  kg(-1)   h(-1) . A continuous infusion of @entity1875 was started at 150  g  kg(-1)   min(-1) . A bolus dose of @entity1875 (1 mg  kg(-1) ) was administered and the @entity1875 infusion was increased as needed. Airway management and vital signs were recorded for the entire procedure until discharge. RESULTS: Twenty-five @entity1 (6.9    3.1 years) received total of 43 MRI and LP procedures in the cohort. No @entity1 failed sedation. Although mask induction with @entity2614 was not clinically problematic, @entity1224 was noted during 14 procedures (33%). This required the application of continuous positive airway pressure, temporary oral airway placement, jaw thrust, or shoulder roll. Airway dynamics improved once the anesthesia was transitioned to intravenous anesthetic agents. Although a small shoulder roll was needed to improve airway patency for 11 cases (26%), a large shoulder roll tended to make the @entity1224 worse. @entity26 desaturation (<= 90%) was noted during MRI in three cases (7%). CONCLUSION: A combination of @entity6948 and @entity1875 provided effective general anesthesia with a native airway during the procedures. Although @entity1224 was noted, it resolved with simple airway maneuvers without further airway intervention.

title: General anesthesia with a native airway for @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity16337 :: ('MESH:D009084', 'Disease') :: ['Mucopolysaccharidosis type III', 'mucopolysaccharidosis type III']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['Oxygen']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['progressive disease']

entities_list: @entity1875 :: ('MESH:D015742', 'Chemical') :: ['propofol']

entities_list: @entity2614 :: ('MESH:C009250', 'Chemical') :: ['sevoflurane']

entities_list: @entity6948 :: ('MESH:D020927', 'Chemical') :: ['dexmedetomidine', 'Dexmedetomidine']

entities_list: @entity1224 :: ('MESH:D000402', 'Disease') :: ['upper airway obstruction']

answer: @entity16337 :: (MESH:D009084,Disease) :: ['mucopolysaccharidosis type III']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Introduction. @entity165 undergoes oxidation via both enzymatic stress- and free radical-mediated mechanisms, generating a wide range of @entity19411 . In contrast to oxidative stress-driven metabolites, enzymatic stress-derived @entity19411 are scarcely studied in their association with @entity731 in @entity1 . Methods. @entity19579 (24S-HC), @entity8858 (25-HC), and @entity47545 (27-HC) were assessed in plasma and arteries with @entity731 plaques from 10 @entity1 (54-84 years) with severe @entity3657 ( @entity3657 ) as well as arteries free of @entity731 plaques from 13 individuals (45-78 years, controls). Results. Plasma 25-HC was higher in @entity3657 individuals than in controls (6.3[2] vs. 3.9[1.9] ng/mgCol; p = 0.004). 24S-HC and 27-HC levels were, respectively, five- and 20-fold higher in the arterial tissue of @entity3657 individuals than in those of the controls (p = 0.016 and p = 0.001). Plasma C-reactive protein correlated with plasma 24-HC (r = 0.51; p = 0.010), 25-HC (r = 0.75; p < 0.001), 27-HC (r = 0.48; p = 0.015), and with tissue 24S-HC (r = 0.4; p = 0.041) and 27-HC (r = 0.46; p = 0.023). Conclusion. Arterial intima accumulation of 27-HC and 24S-HC is associated with advanced @entity731 and systemic inflammatory activity in individuals with severe @entity3657 .

title: Arterial tissue and plasma concentration of enzymatic-driven @entity19411 are associated with severe peripheral XXXX and systemic inflammatory activity.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3657 :: ('MESH:D058729', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral artery disease', 'PAD']

entities_list: @entity47545 :: ('MESH:C076996', 'Chemical') :: ['27-hydroxycholesterol']

entities_list: @entity19579 :: ('MESH:C044563', 'Chemical') :: ['24S-hydroxycholesterol']

entities_list: @entity19411 :: ('CHEBI:53030', 'Chemical') :: ['oxysterols']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerotic', 'atherosclerotic disease']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['Cholesterol']

entities_list: @entity8858 :: ('MESH:C007997', 'Chemical') :: ['25-hydroxycholesterol']

answer: @entity731 :: (MESH:D050197,Disease) :: ['atherosclerotic disease']


abstract: RATIONALE: Evidence from the United Kingdom suggests that the number of @entity204 from @entity2416 is increasing, although comparable international data are limited. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to collate @entity204 certification data from multiple countries to determine global trends in mortality from @entity2416 . METHODS: Data were obtained from the national statistics agencies of countries with relevant mortality records. Age-standardized mortality rates were calculated, and Poisson regression modeling was used to calculate rate ratios. Meta-analysis was used to calculate an overall estimate of mortality change over time. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Ten countries provided mortality data on @entity3794 over a period from 1999 to 2012. Age-standardized mortality ranged between 4 and 10 per 100,000 population for the most recent years of data, being lowest in Sweden (4.68 per 100,000), Spain (5.38 per 100,000), and New Zealand (5.55 per 100,000), and highest in the United Kingdom (9.84 per 100,000 in England and Wales, 10.71 per 100,000 in Scotland) and Japan (10.26 per 100,000). Positive associations with male sex and increasing age were consistently observed across all countries. There was an overall 2-3% annual increase in mortality depending on codes used for classification: For broad codes the overall rate ratio was 1.03 (95% confidence interval, 1.02-1.04; P < 0.001) and for narrow codes the overall rate ratio was 1.02 (95% confidence interval, 1.01-1.03; P < 0.001). Validation in a local cohort showed that @entity2416 was recorded as the underlying cause of @entity204 in two-thirds of known cases and anywhere on the @entity204 certificate in 80% of cases. CONCLUSIONS: Mortality from @entity2416 is increasing steadily worldwide, despite the fact that @entity204 certification will almost certainly underestimate true mortality. We estimate that there will be between 28,000 and 65,000 @entity204 in Europe and between 13,000 and 17,000 @entity204 in the United States from @entity2416 in 2014. Variation between countries remains but is less than previously reported.

title: Increasing global mortality from XXXX in the twenty-first century.

entities_list: @entity2416 :: ('MESH:D054990', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis clinical syndrome', 'idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['death', 'deaths']

entities_list: @entity3794 :: ('MESH:D011658', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary fibrosis']

answer: @entity2416 :: (MESH:D054990,Disease) :: ['idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Resistance exercise has been proved to be effective in improving bone quality in both animal and @entity1 studies. However, the issue about whether resistance exercise can inhibit @entity28 -induced @entity604 has not been previously investigated. In the present study, we have evaluated the effects of ladder-climbing training, one of the resistance exercises, on bone mechanical properties and microarchitecture in high-fat (HF) diet-induced @entity28 @entity35 . Twenty-four @entity35 were randomly assigned to the Control, HF  +  sedentary (HF-S) and HF  +  ladder-climbing training (HF-LCT) groups. @entity35 in the HF-LCT group performed ladder-climbing training for 8  weeks. The results showed that ladder-climbing training significantly reduced body and fat weight, and increased muscle mass along with a trend toward enhanced muscle strength in diet-induced @entity28 @entity35 . MicroCT analysis demonstrated that @entity28 -induced @entity604 and architecture deterioration were significantly mitigated by ladder-climbing training, as evidenced by increased trabecular bone mineral density, bone volume over total volume, trabecular number and thickness, and decreased trabecular separation and structure model index. However, neither HF diet nor ladder-climbing training had an impact on femoral biomechanical properties. Moreover, ladder-climbing training significantly increased serum adiponectin, decreased serum @entity10672 , @entity1505 , @entity568 levels, and downregulated myostatin ( @entity67240 ) expression in diet-induced @entity28 @entity35 . Taken together, ladder-climbing training prevents @entity604 and @entity5122 in diet-induced @entity28 @entity35 through multiple mechanisms including increasing mechanical loading on bone due to improved skeletal muscle mass and strength, regulating the levels of myokines and adipokines, and suppressing the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. It indicates that resistance exercise may be a promising therapy for treating @entity28 -induced @entity604 .

title: Ladder-Climbing Training Prevents Bone Loss and @entity5122 in Diet-Induced Obese XXXX .

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obese', 'obesity']

entities_list: @entity5122 :: ('MESH:C565430', 'Disease') :: ['microarchitecture deterioration']

entities_list: @entity604 :: ('MESH:D016301', 'Disease') :: ['bone loss']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['Rats']


abstract: Investigations were made of 16 @entity1 with acquired @entity346 and a further 32 cases reported in the literature were reviewed. Amongst our own @entity1 two thirds had @entity15 , almost one third a cerebrovascular accident or @entity2695 and two had @entity1952 with squint. The @entity346 took forms which could be monocular or binocular, conjugate or disconjugate and could involve movements about single or multiple axes. Spectral analysis was used to characterise the amplitude and frequency of the movements and to estimate the degree of relationship (coherence) between movements of the two eyes or between movements of one eye about several axes. The oscillations ranged in frequency from 2  5 Hz to 6 Hz, with typical amplitudes between 3   and 5  . In a given @entity1 all oscillations, regardless of plane, were highly synchronised. Somatic @entity400 of the upper limb, face and palate associated with the @entity346 were often at similar frequencies to the eye movement. The other ocular signs common to all our @entity1 were the presence of squint with failure of convergence. Most @entity1 also had skew deviation or internuclear @entity4610 or both. The major oculomotor systems, that is, saccades, pursuit, optokinetic and vestibulo-ocular reflexes could be intact. It is inferred that the mechanism responsible for the @entity346 at a level which is close to the oculomotor nuclei so that it can have monocular effects but is not part of the primary motor pathways. It is possible that this mechanism normally subserves maintenance of conjugate movement and posture of the eyes. The periodicity of the @entity346 is likely to arise from instability in a certain type(s) of neurone, for the associated somatic @entity400 have similar characteristics and yet involve very different neuronal muscular circuitry. Prognosis for cessation of the @entity346 is poor. In five @entity1 with @entity15 it was suppressed by intravenous hyoscine with, however, unacceptable subsequent side effects.

title: Acquired XXXX : its characteristics, localising value and pathophysiology.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1952 :: ('MESH:D009896', 'Disease') :: ['optic atrophy']

entities_list: @entity4610 :: ('MESH:D009886', 'Disease') :: ['ophthalmoplegia']

entities_list: @entity346 :: ('MESH:D009759', 'Disease') :: ['pendular nystagmus', 'pendular nystagmus lies', 'nystagmus']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['multiple sclerosis']

answer: @entity346 :: (MESH:D009759,Disease) :: ['pendular nystagmus']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The exact incidence of @entity1489 is not well established in France as in other european countries, except for @entity320 . It is the same for the part taken by dermatologists in the screening of @entity272 . We have therefore planned a prospective study in the Champagne-Ardenne region to determine the incidence of the various types of @entity1489 diagnosed by dermatologists. @entity1 AND METHOD: A prospective study was performed within a 4-month period at the end of 1998 with the participation of the dermatologists of the Champagne-Ardenne and the south of Aisne. The new incident cases of @entity1489 confirmed histologically were recorded using a questionnaire including the type of @entity5 , demographic data of the @entity1 and type of practice of the dermatologist. Parallely, the pathology laboratories of the same region were asked about the number of @entity1491 and @entity320 diagnosed histologically during the same period of time. RESULTS: The rate of participation of dermatologists was 86 p. 100. During the study period, 898 @entity1489 were diagnosed in 794 @entity1 (408 @entity1 and 386 @entity1 ; mean age 70.1 years) including 643 @entity1491 , 123 @entity957 , 48 @entity1490 , 53 @entity320 , 7 @entity706 and 24 other @entity5 . More than 80 p. 100 of @entity1 were primarily seen in private practice. Ten of 13 pathology laboratories of the region replied to the inquiry. From these pathological data, 585 @entity1491 , 125 @entity957 and 44 @entity320 were recorded during the same period of time. DISCUSSION: This study shows that the oncologic clinical practice of dermatologists in our region is considerable. Taking into account both participation and exhaustivity rates, one can estimate at more than 3,500 the annual number of @entity1489 diagnosed by dermatologists in our region, with an expected distribution of the various types of @entity5 . The essential role of the dermatologists in screening @entity272 is confirmed by data provided by pathology laboratories. This role is a french characteristic and cannot by applied to other industrialized countries.

title: [Skin XXXX diagnosis by dermatologists in the region of Champagne-Ardenne: a prospective study].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'women', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity1489 :: ('MESH:D012878', 'Disease') :: ['skin cancers']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin malignancies']

entities_list: @entity1490 :: ('MESH:D001913', 'Disease') :: ['Bowen diseases']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanomas', 'cutaneous melanoma']

entities_list: @entity1491 :: ('MESH:D002280', 'Disease') :: ['basal cell carcinomas', 'squamous and basal cell carcinomas']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: @entity1125 can occur as a delayed complication of bilioenterostomy. The aim of this study was to determine whether bilioenterostomy influences @entity105 in hamsters. @entity329 were subjected to three different surgical procedures: simple laparotomy (SL), @entity9834 ( @entity9834 ) and choledochojejunostomy (CJ). They were given no carcinogens, and five to six hamsters from each group were killed every 20 weeks up to 120 weeks after surgery. Thirty-seven, 32 and 38 hamsters were sampled from the SL, @entity9834 and CJ groups, respectively. @entity201 developed in 5.4, 15.6 and 23.7% of hamsters in the SL, @entity9834 and CJ groups, respectively. The incidence of @entity1125 was significantly higher in the bilioenterostomy groups, especially CJ (P < 0.05), than in SL. The @entity5 latency period after surgery was 20-40 weeks shorter in the bilioenterostomy groups than in SL. Persistent @entity255 and @entity1157 were frequent in the bilioenterostomy groups, and a significant correlation between @entity255 and @entity105 was noted in the @entity9834 group. The proliferative cell nuclear antigen ( @entity67012 ) labeling index was higher in the biliary epithelium of the bilioenterostomy groups. In conclusion, persistent @entity255 after bilioenterostomy accelerates @entity105 through activation of biliary epithelial cell kinetics.

title: Acceleration of spontaneous XXXX in hamsters by bilioenterostomy.

entities_list: @entity9834 :: ('MESH:D017562', 'Disease') :: ['choledochoduodenostomy', 'CD']

entities_list: @entity1157 :: ('MESH:D001649', 'Disease') :: ['bile stasis']

entities_list: @entity201 :: ('MESH:D018281', 'Disease') :: ['Cholangiocarcinomas']

entities_list: @entity255 :: ('MESH:D002761', 'Disease') :: ['cholangitis']

entities_list: @entity329 :: ('10036', 'Species') :: ['Syrian hamsters']

entities_list: @entity105 :: ('MESH:D063646', 'Disease') :: ['biliary carcinogenesis']

entities_list: @entity1125 :: ('MESH:D001661', 'Disease') :: ['biliary carcinoma', 'Biliary carcinomas']

answer: @entity105 :: (MESH:D063646,Disease) :: ['biliary carcinogenesis']