abstract: Our previous studies demonstrated that the oral antifungal agent @entity3102 (KT) induces apoptosis and G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest in @entity1 @entity5 cell lines. In this study, we first demonstrated that KT (1 microM) potentiated the apoptotic effects of @entity10612 (ND, 1 nM) in COLO 205 @entity5 cells. We further demonstrated the therapeutic efficacy of a combined treatment of KT (50 mg/kg/three times per week) and ND (5 mg/kg/three times per week) in vivo by treating athymic @entity19 bearing COLO 205 @entity5 xenografts. The antitumor effects of ND were significantly potentiated by KT in @entity19 after 6 wk of treatment. No gross signs of @entity137 were observed in @entity19 receiving these treatment regimens. The apoptotic cells were detected in a microscopic view of the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated @entity1977 nick-end labeling staining and by observation of DNA fragmentation in KT + ND-treated @entity5 tissues. The levels of cell cycle regulatory proteins were determined by Western blot analysis. Treatment with KT inhibits @entity5 growth through elevation of @entity899 , @entity5207 / @entity5207 , and @entity7919 / @entity7919 as well as inhibition of @entity43679 and @entity11953 protein expression. Immunohistochemical staining analysis showed that @entity899 , @entity5207 / @entity5207 , and @entity7919 / @entity7919 immunoreactivity were induced in the @entity5 tissues. To clarify the roles of the @entity5207 / @entity5207 and @entity7919 / @entity7919 protein expression involved in G(0)/G(1) arrest and/or apoptosis induced by a combined treatment with KT and ND, antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) specific to @entity5207 / @entity5207 and @entity7919 / @entity7919 were used. Our results demonstrated that apoptotic phenomena, including BAX induction and cytochrome C released from mitochondria induced by KT + ND, were significantly attenuated by pretreatment the cells with the @entity7919 / @entity7919 -specific antisense ODNs. These results indicate that @entity7919 / @entity7919 protein does indeed play a critical role in the KT + ND-induced apoptosis. Our study revealed the molecular mechanism of KT + ND in regression of the @entity5 growth. The apoptotic effects of KT in a great variety of @entity5 cells make it a very attractive agent for @entity5 chemotherapy.

title: XXXX potentiates the antitumor effects of @entity10612 : In vivo therapy for @entity1 @entity5 xenografts in @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity3102 :: ('MESH:D007654', 'Chemical') :: ['ketoconazole']

entities_list: @entity10612 :: ('MESH:D015739', 'Chemical') :: ['nocodazole']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

answer: @entity3102 :: (MESH:D007654,Chemical) :: ['Ketoconazole']


abstract: The migration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes from the blood to sites of infection in tissues is a hallmark of the innate immune response. Formylated peptides produced as a byproduct of bacterial protein synthesis are powerful chemoattractants for leukocytes. Formyl peptides bind to two different G protein-coupled receptors (formyl peptide receptor (FPR) and the low affinity @entity51758 ( @entity51758 )) to initiate a signal transduction cascade leading to cell activation and migration. Our analysis of expressed sequences from many cDNA libraries draws attention to the fact that FPRs are widely expressed in nonlymphoid tissues. Here we demonstrate that FPRs are expressed by normal @entity1 lung and skin fibroblasts and the @entity1 @entity1492 cell line HT-1080. The expression on fibroblasts of receptors for bacteria-derived peptides raises questions about the possible function of these receptors in nonleukocyte cells. We studied the function of FPRs on fibroblasts and find that stimulation with @entity5038 triggers dose-dependent migration of these cells. Furthermore, @entity5038 induces signal transduction including intracellular calcium flux and a transient increase in F-actin. The @entity5038 -induced @entity1104 and motility of fibroblasts on fibronectin require functional protein kinase C and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. This first report of a functional formyl peptide receptor in cells of fibroblast origin opens new possibilities for the role of fibroblasts in innate immune responses.

title: Expression and function of formyl peptide receptors on XXXX fibroblast cells.

entities_list: @entity1492 :: ('MESH:D005354', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity51758 :: ('2358', 'Gene') :: ['FPRL1', 'formyl peptide receptor-like-1']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: Sixty-one @entity1 with @entity2876 , who underwent portoenterostomy (PE) between 1992 to 1998 in the Institute of Pediatrics, Kuala Lumpur and were followed for a period of one year, were studied to analyze the factors associated with @entity1087 clearance and @entity255 following PE. Sex distribution was equal. Majority of @entity1 were Malays. Mean age in days at admission to the surgical ward was 66.90 +/- 23.36 and mean age at PE was 75.85 +/- 24.05. At the end of one-year follow-up, six @entity1 (10%) had died, 35 (57%) developed one or more attacks of @entity255 , 35 (57%) had @entity101 , eight (13%) @entity1578 and six @entity1 had esophageal variceal @entity548 . Thirty-three @entity1 (54%) had @entity1087 clearance with a mean clearance time of 85 days after PE. The study shows that when the ductules in the porta hepatis were < 150 mu in size, persistence of @entity1087 after PE and the incidence of @entity255 in the first post-operative year were higher; @entity1 with @entity255 in the first year had lower rate of @entity1087 clearance. Jaundice clearance was achieved in more @entity1 when their postnatal age at the time of PE was lower but the relationship was not linear. Age at PE also did not have a linear temporal relationship to the incidence of @entity255 and the size of portal ductules. Prospective, multi-center based local studies on a bigger @entity1 population are needed to identify other indicators of successful outcome following PE. This would help to define the indications for primary liver transplantation in the local population.

title: Jaundice clearance and @entity255 in the first year following portoenterostomy for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['portal hypertension']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity1578 :: ('MESH:D017093', 'Disease') :: ['liver failure']

entities_list: @entity2876 :: ('MESH:D001656', 'Disease') :: ['biliary atresia']

entities_list: @entity255 :: ('MESH:D002761', 'Disease') :: ['cholangitis']

answer: @entity2876 :: (MESH:D001656,Disease) :: ['biliary atresia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to describe the association between mild @entity131 (mTBI) and persisting postconcussive symptoms according to symptom category, number, and severity. DESIGN: The study design was observational. @entity1 : The study sample comprised veterans (>= 18 years of age) deployed in Operation Enduring Freedom and Operation Iraqi Freedom (OEF/ @entity23806 ) conflicts who had not received any treatment for mTBI in the 30 days preceding study enrollment. METHODS: Veterans were interviewed and completed testing in a single day. The Standard TBI Diagnostic Interview and the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale were used. Testing included the Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory and a full neuropsychological battery. Gold standard classification methods were utilized to determine presence/absence of mTBI. For each of the 5 symptom outcomes, an adjusted multiple linear regression model (negative binomial count models) accounting for effects of socio-demographic variables and behavioral health conditions was used. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Self-report of neurobehavioral symptoms categorized as affective, cognitive, somatic, and @entity4237 , in addition to the instruments specified above. RESULTS: OEF/ @entity23806 veterans with mTBI, relative to veterans with no mTBI, were observed to have 30% more symptoms overall (P  <  .001), 34% more somatic symptoms (P < .001), 22% more cognitive symptoms (P = .008), 15% more affective symptoms (P  =  .017), and 59% more @entity4237 (P < .001). For adjusted models, variables significantly related to number of symptoms across all 4 symptom categories were @entity148 (all P < .001) and @entity22 (all P < .001). For the adjusted models, variables significantly related to symptom severity across all 4 symptom categories were @entity22 (all P < .001), @entity308 (P  <  .001-.05) and @entity148 (all, P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: OEF/ @entity23806 veterans with mTBI, relative to veterans with no mTBI, have significantly more and significantly more severe persisting symptoms, with @entity4237 reported with the greatest frequency. After accounting for behavioral health conditions and socio-demographic factors, OEF/ @entity23806 veterans with mTBI compared to veterans without mTBI had significantly more cognitive, affective, vestibular, and somatic symptoms persisting 4.8 years after the mTBI event(s).

title: Exploring the Relationship Between Mild XXXX and the Presence and Severity of Postconcussive Symptoms Among Veterans Deployed to Iraq and Afghanistan.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['traumatic brain injury']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity4237 :: ('MESH:D000160', 'Disease') :: ['vestibular symptoms']

entities_list: @entity22 :: ('MESH:D007319', 'Disease') :: ['insomnia']

answer: @entity131 :: (MESH:D001930,Disease) :: ['Traumatic Brain Injury Exposure']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2132 ( @entity2132 ) is a rare, nearly universally fatal complication from transfusion of nonirradiated cellular blood components, occurring when a recipient's immune system is unable to recognize and destroy transfused T lymphocytes. Irradiation of cellular components eliminates this risk. We present an unusual case of a liver transplant recipient developing @entity2132 13 weeks after transfusion of a random unit of nonirradiated red blood cells (RBCs) that happened to be from a donor homozygous for an HLA haplotype shared by the @entity1 . STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: This study was a single case review of a liver transplant recipient who developed skin GVHD and @entity236 . Clinical course and the chimerism studies involving the @entity1 , the liver donor, and the blood donor are detailed. RESULTS: The @entity1 presented 3 months posttransplant with GVHD of his skin and @entity236 . In addition to standard antigraft immunosuppression, this @entity1 had started the interleukin-1 receptor antagonist anakinra on Posttransplant Day 13 for an @entity697 . Chimerism studies on the @entity1 's peripheral blood identified a population of CD3 cells that did not originate with either the @entity1 or his liver donor. HLA studies and microsatellite profiling of the unknown CD3 population identified the source of the @entity1 's @entity2132 , a unit of nonirradiated, nonleukoreduced apheresis RBCs. CONCLUSION: Use of an immunomodulating agent may have contributed to the development of @entity2132 in a liver transplant @entity1 who received a random unit of nonirradiated RBCs by chance from an unrelated haploidentical donor.

title: XXXX in a liver transplant recipient: an unusual presentation and review of the literature.

entities_list: @entity236 :: ('MESH:D001855', 'Disease') :: ['marrow aplasia']

entities_list: @entity2132 :: ('MESH:D006086', 'Disease') :: ['TA-GVHD', 'Transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute gout flare']

answer: @entity2132 :: (MESH:D006086,Disease) :: ['Transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 157 Background: Use of pathological Gleason score for risk stratification of localized prostate @entity5 is widely accepted. However, data are lacking regarding differences in presentation and outcome among those with @entity66 . METHODS: Using the Dana-Farber @entity5 Institute Prostate Clinical Research Information Systems database, we identified a cohort of @entity1 with biopsy @entity66 who received definitive radical prostatectomy (RP) or @entity1161 ( @entity1161 ) (external beam or brachytherapy) for curative intent. The study endpoints, time to biochemical recurrence (BCR), time to @entity3 ( @entity3 ), and overall survival (OS) were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Cox proportional hazards model was used to investigate the association of the study endpoints and Gleason score groups (8 vs. 9 and 10) adjusted for clinical and pathological factors including age, @entity7735 at diagnosis, type of local therapy, and @entity5 stage. RESULTS: We identified 848 @entity1 who received either local definitive @entity1161 (n=411) or RP (n=437). Median follow-up from diagnosis was 5.3 years. @entity1 characteristics at diagnosis (race, age, and clinical stage) were similar between the two groups (Gleason 8 vs. Gleason 9-10). @entity1 with @entity66 were more likely to receive radiotherapy as primary local therapy (58% vs. 46%, p=0.001), and to receive hormonal therapy as a part of their definitive treatment course (64% vs. 48%, p<0.001). @entity1 with @entity66 had shorter time to BCR, time to @entity3 , and a trend towards worse OS using multivariate analysis adjusted for significant clinical and pathological factors. (Detailed in table below). CONCLUSIONS: In our study, we found that @entity1 with localized @entity66 who were treated with definitive therapy with curative intent had worse outcomes compared to @entity1 with @entity66 . More aggressive, multimodality treatments may be indicated for @entity1 diagnosed with the highest Gleason grades. [Table: see text].

title: Association of Gleason 9-10 prostate cancer with worse outcomes compared to XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'Patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['Gleason 9-10 disease', 'Gleason 8-10 disease', 'Gleason 8 disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity1161 :: ('MESH:D011832', 'Disease') :: ['radiation therapy', 'RT']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['MD', 'metastatic disease']

answer: @entity66 :: (MESH:D004194,Disease) :: ['Gleason 8 disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess whether @entity14884 is more frequent in @entity1 with @entity4697 , @entity8396 , or both than in control subjects and, if so, to determine whether @entity3454 modifies or accounts in part for the association. METHOD: A case-control study was conducted in a general teaching hospital outpatient clinic. Subjects were 99 @entity1 , newly diagnosed and untreated, with @entity4697 , @entity8396 , or both and two groups of age- and sex-matched control subjects: 99 @entity146 @entity1 and 64 medical @entity1 who had never suffered from any @entity148 . Measures consisted of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R, Beighton's criteria for @entity14884 , and two-dimensional and M-mode echocardiogram. The presence of @entity3454 and @entity14884 was explored by raters who were blind to subjects' @entity146 status. RESULTS: @entity14884 was found in 67.7% of @entity1 with @entity148 but in only 10.1% of @entity146 and 12.5% of medical control subjects. On the basis of statistical analysis, @entity1 with @entity148 were over 16 times more likely than control subjects to have joint laxity. These findings were not altered after the presence of @entity3454 was taken into account. Of the @entity1 with @entity148 , those who had @entity14884 were younger and more often @entity1 and had an earlier onset of the disorder than those without @entity14884 . CONCLUSIONS: Joint laxity is highly prevalent in @entity1 with @entity4697 , @entity8396 , or both and may reflect a constitutional disposition to suffer from @entity148 . @entity3454 plays a secondary role in the association between joint @entity8018 and @entity148 .

title: Association between @entity14884 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4697 :: ('MESH:D016584', 'Disease') :: ['panic disorder']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

entities_list: @entity8396 :: ('MESH:D000379', 'Disease') :: ['agoraphobia']

entities_list: @entity3454 :: ('MESH:D008945', 'Disease') :: ['mitral valve prolapse', 'Mitral valve prolapse']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['anxiety disorder', 'anxiety']

entities_list: @entity14884 :: ('MESH:D007593', 'Disease') :: ['Joint hypermobility syndrome', 'joint hypermobility syndrome']

entities_list: @entity8018 :: ('MESH:C536196', 'Disease') :: ['hypermobility']

answer: @entity4697 :: (MESH:D016584,Disease) :: ['panic disorder']


abstract: In 1997, @entity22194 (EM-1) and -2 (EM-2) were identified as the most specific endogenous mu-opioid ligands. These two peptides have shown analgesic effects and many other opioid functions. In the present study, we attempt to investigate the possible ability of endomorphins to induce @entity1510 -precipitated withdrawal in comparison with that induced by @entity1286 . Using the previously established scoring system in @entity35 , 12 withdrawal signs (chewing, sniffing, grooming, wet- @entity235 shakes, stretching, @entity7875 , rearing, jumping, teeth grinding, @entity1736 , @entity294 , and penile erection) were observed and scored following @entity1510 (4 mg/kg, i.p.) challenge. Compared with the sham control, EM-1 and EM-2 (20 microg, i.c.v., b.i.d. for 5 days) both produced significant @entity1510 -induced @entity3347 with similar severity to that induced by the same dose of @entity1286 . There was no significant difference between EM-1, EM-2, and @entity1286 -treated group for @entity1510 -induced withdrawal signs, except for grooming. EM-1 and EM-2 induced more grooming than that caused by @entity1286 . Although EM-1 and EM-2 both led to the withdrawal, they displayed different potency for certain signs and suggest their distinct regulations. The present results indicate EM-1 and EM-2 could initiate certain mechanism involved @entity4784 .

title: Endomorphin-1 and -2 induce @entity1510 -precipitated XXXX in @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity3347 :: ('MESH:D013375', 'Disease') :: ['withdrawal syndromes']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity22194 :: ('MESH:C105293', 'Chemical') :: ['endomorphin-1']

entities_list: @entity4784 :: ('MESH:D009293', 'Disease') :: ['opiate dependence']

entities_list: @entity1510 :: ('MESH:D009270', 'Chemical') :: ['naloxone']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine']

answer: @entity3347 :: (MESH:D013375,Disease) :: ['withdrawal syndromes']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The diagnosis of side-branch intraductal @entity4929 (IMPNs) is increasingly more common, but their appropriate management is still evolving. We recently began performing laparoscopic hand-assisted enucleation or duodenal-sparing pancreatic head resection for these lesions with vigilant postoperative imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventeen @entity1 with @entity660 were included in this single-center retrospective review from January 1, 2008 to March 30, 2013. Indication for surgical intervention was growth in size of the cyst, symptoms, cyst size >3   cm, and/or presence of a mural nodule. Twelve @entity1 underwent laparoscopic hand-assisted enucleation, and 5 @entity1 underwent laparoscopic hand-assisted pancreatic head resection. RESULTS: The mean age of @entity1 was 64 years old. The most common presenting symptom was @entity490 . The indication for surgical intervention was growth in the @entity1109 in the majority of @entity1 . Fourteen lesions were in the head/uncinate, two were in the pancreatic body, and one was in the tail. Final pathology was consistent with side-branch IPMN in 13 @entity1 (1 with focal @entity420 ). Three @entity1 had serous cysts, and 1 had a @entity45 . Three @entity1 developed @entity788 , which were controlled with intraoperative placed drains, whereas 1 @entity1 required additional drain placement. Median time from surgery to latest follow-up imaging is over 2 years. No @entity1 have developed recurrent cysts or @entity420 . CONCLUSIONS: Duodenal-sparing pancreatic head resection or pancreatic enucleation for @entity1 with presumed side-branch IPMN is a safe and efficacious option, in terms of both operative outcomes and postoperative recurrence risk.

title: Laparoscopic Hand-Assisted Parenchymal-Sparing Resections for Presumed Side-Branch Intraductal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic leaks']

entities_list: @entity4929 :: ('MESH:C565310', 'Disease') :: ['papillary mucinous neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['cyst or symptoms']

entities_list: @entity660 :: ('MESH:D010182', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cystic lesions']

entities_list: @entity45 :: ('MESH:D010181', 'Disease') :: ['mucinous cyst']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity4929 :: (MESH:C565310,Disease) :: ['Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We have investigated the influence of @entity620 diet supplementation on the antioxidant response and @entity3542 levels in lymphocytes and erythrocytes during diving @entity386 . SUBJECTS: Seven male professional @entity386 divers participated in a double blind crossover study. Divers were randomly assigned to either @entity620 supplemented or placebo groups. The subjects did not take any other supplements than the ones provided for this study. INTERVENTION: One group was supplemented with @entity620 capsules (1 g per day) for 7 days while the other group took a placebo composed of @entity1132 . The usual dietary habits of @entity1 were assessed using a self-reported 7-days 24-h recall before the day of the study. Blood samples were taken under basal conditions, immediately after diving @entity386 for 4 h and after 1 h of recovery. RESULTS: @entity2196 activity increased in erythrocytes (23%) and @entity224 dismutase increased in lymphocytes (35%) during the recovery only in the placebo group. Lymphocyte @entity9050 levels increased in the supplemented group after diving (85%) and maintained high at recovery. Plasma @entity3542 levels increased about twofold in both groups during the recovery. Erythrocyte @entity3542 levels increased after diving (50%) and about twofold during the recovery in the supplemented group. @entity3542 levels and @entity15237 levels in lymphocytes were higher in the placebo group than in the supplemented during the recovery. Erythrocyte @entity6738 derivates were unchanged in all situations. CONCLUSIONS: @entity620 supplementation influenced the antioxidant response and NO handling in erythrocytes and lymphocytes to the oxidative stress induced by @entity519 -reoxygenation.

title: @entity620 supplementation influences the antioxidant response and nitric oxide handling of erythrocytes and lymphocytes to diving XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity620 :: ('MESH:D001205', 'Chemical') :: ['Vitamin C', 'vitamin C']

entities_list: @entity3542 :: ('CHEBI:16301', 'Chemical') :: ['Nitrite', 'nitrite']

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide']

entities_list: @entity6738 :: ('CHEBI:23019', 'Chemical') :: ['carbonyl']

entities_list: @entity9050 :: ('CHEBI:38290', 'Chemical') :: ['ascorbate']

answer: @entity386 :: (MESH:D001049,Disease) :: ['apnea']


abstract: BACKGROUND _ OBJECTIVE: Multi-drug resistance(MDR) is an important cause of chemotherapeutic failure in @entity2 cells. Further studies on drug resistance-related genes in @entity2 by molecular biology techniques will provide keys to inverse MDR of @entity2 . In the present, suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) is one of the major techniques to clone 494 bp differentially expressed genes. We had found a new drug resistance-related gene fragment, which has 99% homology with the 1316 bp gene sequence BC006151. The BC006151 gene was published in April of 2001 in Genbank, but its function has not been determined yet. This study was designed to clone the full-length cDNA of BC006151 gene and tested the mRNA expression of this gene in several @entity2 cell lines so that to clarify its function and modulation. METHOD: Primers were designed according to the sequence of BC006151 gene. Using a @entity2220 MDR cell line @entity26477 /CDDP, the full-length cDNA of this gene was amplified by RT-PCR and sequence, and the @entity535 sequence of protein coded by it was postulated. The mRNA levels of this gene were determined in @entity4153 cell line SH77, big cell @entity2 cell line @entity1 , @entity2220 cell line @entity26477 and @entity26477 /CDDP using semi-quantitative RT-PCR assay. RESULT: The 1298 bp full-length cDNA fragment of BC006151 gene was successfully cloned which has complete reading frame and coding region. The cDNA had very high homology with the 494 bp fragment obtained by SSH. The expression of this gene in MDR cell line @entity26477 /CDDP was significantly higher than that in its parental cell line @entity26477 and it was higher in @entity26477 than that in H460, whereas in SH77 this gene was undetectable. CONCLUSION: The present data suggest that BC006151 gene is a new drug resistance-related gene closely related to @entity2220 induced by CDDP. Cloning the full-length cDNA of this gene will be helpful to clarify its role during the occurrence of @entity2 .

title: [Cloning and sequence analysis of a new, full-length cDNA fragment of drug resistance-related gene in @entity1 XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['MDR in lung cancer', 'lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity2220 :: ('MESH:C538231', 'Disease') :: ['lung adenocarcinoma', 'MDR of lung adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity2220 :: (MESH:C538231,Disease) :: ['lung adenocarcinoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of cardioversion on peak @entity26 consumption (peak VO2) in @entity1 with long-standing @entity955 , to assess the importance of underlying @entity299 with respect to the response to exercise, and to relate functional capacity to long-term @entity943 outcome. DESIGN: Prospective controlled clinical trial. SETTING: Tertiary referral centre. @entity1 : 63 consecutive @entity1 with chronic @entity955 accepted for treatment with electrical cardioversion. Before cardioversion all @entity1 were treated with digoxin, @entity1855 , or a combination of both to attain a resting heart rate < or = 100 beats per minute. INTERVENTIONS: Electrical cardioversion. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Peak VO2 measured before and 1 month after electrical cardioversion to compare @entity1 who were in sinus rhythm and those in @entity955 at these times. Maintenance of sinus rhythm for a mean follow up of 19 (7) months. RESULTS: Mean (1SD) peak VO2 in @entity1 in sinus rhythm after 1 month (n = 37) increased from 21.4 (5.8) to 23.7 (6.4) ml/min/kg (+11%, P < 0.05), whereas in @entity1 with a recurrence of @entity955 1 month after cardioversion (n = 26) peak VO2 was unchanged. In @entity1 who were in sinus rhythm both those with and without underlying @entity299 improved, and improvement was not related to functional capacity or left ventricular function before cardioversion. Baseline peak VO2 was not a predictive factor for long-term @entity943 outcome. CONCLUSION: Restoration of sinus rhythm improved peak VO2 in @entity1 with @entity955 , irrespective of the presence of underlying @entity299 . Peak VO2 was not a predictive factor for long-term @entity943 outcome after cardioversion of @entity955 . These findings suggest that cardioversion is the best method of improving functional capacity in @entity1 with @entity955 , whether or not they have underlying @entity299 and whatever their functional state.

title: Functional capacity before and after cardioversion of XXXX : a controlled study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1855 :: ('MESH:D014700', 'Chemical') :: ['verapamil']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart disease']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmia']

answer: @entity955 :: (MESH:D001281,Disease) :: ['atrial fibrillation']


abstract: @entity1812 is a major mediator of swelling in @entity1659 as well as the @entity113 seen with ACE inhibitors and may contribute to bronchial hyper-reactivity in @entity565 . Formation of @entity1812 occurs in the fluid phase and along cell surfaces requiring interaction of Factor XII, prekallikrein and high molecular weight kininogen (HK). The mechanism by which initiation occurs is uncertain. Recent data suggest that activation of the kinin-forming cascade can occur on the surface of endothelial cells, even in the absence of Factor XII. We demonstrate herein that during a 2-h incubation time, plasma deficient in either Factor XII or high molecular weight kininogen (HK) fail to activate kinin-forming cascade as compared to normal plasma. With more prolonged incubation, @entity8258 plasma gradually activates and HK deficient plasma does not. Our data support both Factor XII-dependent (rapid) and Factor XII-independent (slow) mechanisms; the latter may require a cell-derived protein (possibly protease) to activate prekallikrein in the presence of @entity219 ion and HK. To further define this cellular factor, we demonstrated that both cytosolic and membrane fractions from endothelial cells possessed the ability to catalyze prekallikrein conversion to @entity7199 in the presence of HK and @entity219 ion. We purified this factor from cytosol by affinity chromatography employing @entity4336 trypsin inhibitor (CTI) as ligand. The fractions with peak activity were subjected to SDS-PAGE analysis, ligand blotted with biotinylated CTI, and positive bands were sequenced. @entity1457 protein 90 (Hsp90) was identified as one of the proteins. @entity219 -dependent activation of the prekallikrein-HK complex on endothelial cells was inhibited upon the addition of polyclonal antibody to Hsp90 in a dose-dependent manner. Although the mechanism by which Hsp90 activates the kinin-forming cascade is not yet clear, this protein represents the cellular contribution to the reaction and may become the dominant mechanism in pathologic circumstances in which Hsp90 is highly expressed or secreted.

title: Activation of the XXXX -forming cascade on endothelial cells: a role for @entity1457 protein 90.

entities_list: @entity1659 :: ('MESH:D054179', 'Disease') :: ['C1 inhibitor deficiency']

entities_list: @entity1457 :: ('MESH:D012769', 'Disease') :: ['Heat shock']

entities_list: @entity113 :: ('MESH:D000799', 'Disease') :: ['angioedema']

entities_list: @entity1812 :: ('MESH:D001920', 'Chemical') :: ['bradykinin', 'Bradykinin']

entities_list: @entity7199 :: ('MESH:D007610', 'Chemical') :: ['kallikrein']

entities_list: @entity8258 :: ('MESH:D005175', 'Disease') :: ['Factor XII deficient']

answer: @entity1812 :: (MESH:D001920,Chemical) :: ['bradykinin']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) usually lose their stemness during in vitro expansion as they are deprived of their niche environment. Cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interaction is known to play important roles in preserving the stemness of the cells in their stem cell niche environment. Previously, coating with bone marrow MSC (BMSC)-derived ECM was found able to maintain the differentiation potential of in vitro cultured MSCs. This study aimed to determine if this ECM coating could also maintain the stemness of cultured @entity19 @entity1958 -derived stem cells (ASCs) using a regular culture flask as a control. Cells were expanded in ECM-coated and ECM-noncoated flasks for two and four passages and then harvested for various analyses. The results showed that ASCs exhibited fibroblast-like spindle morphology in ECM-coated flasks, whereas ASCs gradually spread and enlarged in the ECM-noncoated flasks. After three and five passages, both groups of cells exhibited similar cytokinetics in the MSC culture medium (MesenPRO RS    Medium). However, when cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagles medium (DMEM) plus 10% fetal bovine serum, coating group cells exhibited more potent proliferation than control group cells with a significant difference in both passages 3 and 5 (p<0.01). When seeded at low density (500 cells/10-cm dish), coating group cells formed significantly more and larger sized cell colonies than control group cells with significant difference in cell colony numbers between two groups (p<0.05). In addition, coated colony cells were much smaller and more compactly arranged compared to control colony cells. Furthermore, ASCs expanded in coated flasks exhibited greater potentials for adipogenic, osteogenic, and chondrogenic differentiations than the cells expanded in regular flasks. Quantitatively, the @entity21170 staining area, @entity622 staining area, and @entity11979 staining area were all significantly larger than the respective staining areas of control cells (p<0.05). Real-time polymerase chain reaction also revealed significantly higher gene expression levels of @entity12097 (PPARy), @entity23678 ( @entity23678 ), CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP), Rux2, @entity2450 , @entity430 , collagen II, and aggrecan in ECM-coated group cells than in control group cells (p<0.05). Collectively, these results suggest that @entity1 BMSC decellular ECM coating helps to preserve the stemness of cultured @entity19 ASCs.

title: Retention of the Stemness of @entity19 XXXX -Derived Stem Cells by Their Expansion on @entity1 Bone Marrow Stromal Cell-Derived Extracellular Matrix.

entities_list: @entity12097 :: ('19016(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma']

entities_list: @entity622 :: ('MESH:C010078', 'Chemical') :: ['Alizarin']

entities_list: @entity11979 :: ('MESH:D014048', 'Chemical') :: ['Toluidine Blue']

answer: @entity1958 :: (230796(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['Adipose']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To report the final results and cost-effectiveness analysis of a prospective randomized controlled trial investigating drug-eluting balloon ( @entity16905 ) versus @entity661 (BA) for the treatment of failing dialysis access (NCT01174472). METHODS: 40 @entity1 were randomized to angioplasty with either @entity16905 (n=20) or BA (n=20) for treatment of significant @entity1211 causing a failing dialysis access. Both @entity2548 ( @entity2548 ) and synthetic arteriovenous grafts (AVG) were included. Angiographic follow up was scheduled every two months. Primary endpoints were technical success and @entity75 primary patency at 1 year. Cumulative and survival analysis was performed. Incremental net benefit (INB) and incremental cost effectiveness ratio (ICER) were calculated and the cost-effectiveness acceptability curve (CEAC) was drawn. RESULTS: Baseline variables were equally distributed between the two groups. At 1 year, cumulative @entity75 primary patency was significantly higher after @entity16905 application (35% vs. 5% after BA, p<0.001). Overall, median primary patency was 0.64 years in case of @entity16905 vs. 0.36 years in case of BA (p=0.0007; unadjusted HR=0.27 [95%CI: 0.13-0.58]; Cox adjusted HR=0.23 [95%CI: 0.10-0.50]). ICER was 2198 @entity7634 (   ) per primary patency year of dialysis access gained. INB was 1068    (95%CI: 31-2105   ) for a willingness-to-pay (WTP) threshold of 5000    (corresponding acceptability probability >97%). CONCLUSION: @entity16905 angioplasty may be a cost-effective option that significantly improves patency after angioplasty of venous stenoses of failing vascular dialysis access. Further large-scale randomized trials are warranted.

title: XXXX for the treatment of failing dialysis access: Final results and cost-effectiveness analysis from a prospective randomized controlled trial (NCT01174472).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['target lesion']

entities_list: @entity661 :: ('MESH:D054549', 'Disease') :: ['plain balloon angioplasty']

entities_list: @entity2548 :: ('MESH:D001164', 'Disease') :: ['AVF', 'arteriovenous fistulas']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['venous stenosis']

answer: @entity661 :: (MESH:D054549,Disease) :: ['Drug-eluting versus plain balloon angioplasty']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Differences in endoscopic practice in major teaching and community hospitals are not known. METHODS: A total of 1031 consecutive @entity1 discharged from 13 hospitals (4 major teaching, 9 others) in 1994 with @entity360 were studied. Data obtained from chart abstraction included endoscopic findings and therapy and selected outcomes. Multivariable analyses adjusted for admission severity of illness and endoscopic findings. RESULTS: Rates of endoscopy were similar between @entity1 admitted to major teaching and other hospitals, although procedures to control @entity548 were used more often in major teaching hospitals (35% vs. 19%, p < 0.001). Use of endoscopic therapy was higher in major teaching hospitals for lesions in which therapy is recommended, as well as other lesions. Recurrent @entity548 was also more common in major teaching hospitals (14.3% vs. 7.8%, p = 0.001), and the difference persisted in multivariable analysis (odds ratio 1.69: 95% CI [1.09 to 2.64], p = 0.02). Unadjusted and adjusted length of stay were somewhat shorter in major teaching hospitals. CONCLUSIONS: There was large variation in the use of endoscopic therapy, with higher rates observed in major teaching hospitals for lesions in which therapy is recommended, as well as other stigmata. Further studies are needed to better define the reasons for the practice variation and to assess the impact on other outcomes such as readmission and costs.

title: Endoscopic practice for XXXX : differences between major teaching and community-based hospitals.

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding', 'hemorrhage']

answer: @entity360 :: (MESH:D006471,Disease) :: ['upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage']


abstract: Homozygous carriers of @entity5337 have an approximately 80-fold increased risk of @entity49 . Also double heterozygous carriers of both the @entity5337 and the @entity556 gene mutations are at high @entity715 risk. The magnitude of the risk of @entity49 in pregnant @entity1 with the two severe thrombophilic conditions has not been estimated so far. We performed a multicenter retrospective family study in @entity1 with homozygous @entity5337 , double heterozygous @entity5337 and the @entity556 gene mutation, and @entity1 with @entity3459 . Only relatives of index @entity1 with @entity715 formed the study cohort. Fifteen homozygous and 39 double heterozygous @entity1 were compared to 182 @entity1 with @entity3459 . @entity49 occurred in 3 of 19, 2 of 50 and 1 of 221 pregnancies, respectively. One @entity715 episode occurred in the third trimester, the remaining 5 in the postpartum. The prevalence of @entity49 was 15.8% (95% CI 3.4-39.6) for homozygotes. 4.0% (95% CI 0.5-13.7) for double heterozygotes and 0.5% for @entity1 with @entity3459 . The relative risk of pregnancy-related @entity49 was 41.3 (95% CI 4.1-419.7) for homozygous and 9.2 (95% CI 0.8-103.2) for double heterozygous carriers. In conclusion, homozygous carriers of @entity5337 and, to a lesser extent, double heterozygous carriers of @entity5337 and of the @entity556 mutation have an increased risk of @entity49 during pregnancy, particularly high during the postpartum period. On the basis of these findings we recommend that these women receive anticoagulant prophylaxis at least in the postpartum, that should perhaps be extended to the whole pregnancy in homozygous carriers.

title: Risk of pregnancy-related XXXX in carriers of severe inherited @entity49 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity49 :: ('MESH:D019851', 'Disease') :: ['venous thrombosis', 'Venous thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity3459 :: ('MESH:D025861', 'Disease') :: ['normal coagulation']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis', 'thrombotic']

answer: @entity49 :: (MESH:D019851,Disease) :: ['venous thrombosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: @entity2838 ( @entity2838 ) is a rare, @entity74 characterized by @entity1127 of the alimentary tract, @entity2117 of the skin, and family history of @entity2838 . Rarely, solitary @entity1127 ( @entity1127 ) arise in @entity1 without other features of @entity2838 . @entity1 AND METHODS: We reviewed eight @entity1 since 1979 with solitary @entity1127 , six @entity1 and two @entity1 . RESULTS: The average age at diagnosis was higher (56+/-13 years) than that of @entity2838 @entity1 in the literature. @entity1127 were found in the sigmoid colon ( n=4), cecum ( n=1), stomach ( n=1), and duodenum ( n=2). The @entity1586 were diagnosed and removed endoscopically. Indications for colonoscopy included routine screening ( n=4) or @entity548 ( n=1). The duodenal and @entity1127 were diagnosed and removed during gastroduodenoscopic examinations, which were performed for nonspecific @entity2210 ( n=2) or @entity360 ( n=1). The median size was 20 mm (range 2 mm-25 mm). @entity1 were followed for a median of 11.5 years (range 3-22) without another @entity1127 or @entity5 . Three @entity1 died of causes unrelated to @entity1127 . Five @entity1 are alive and polyp free. CONCLUSION: Solitary @entity1127 do not carry a risk of @entity1820 and are not an indication for specific high-risk screening.

title: Course and follow-up of solitary XXXX : a case series.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1127 :: ('MESH:D011127', 'Disease') :: ['hamartomatous polyps', 'PJP', 'Polyps', 'gastric polyps', 'Peutz-Jeghers polyps']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['rectal bleeding']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity2838 :: ('MESH:D010580', 'Disease') :: ['Peutz-Jeghers syndrome', 'PJS']

entities_list: @entity2117 :: ('MESH:D017495', 'Disease') :: ['hyperpigmentation']

entities_list: @entity1820 :: ('MESH:D005770', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal cancer']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['autosomal-dominant disease']

entities_list: @entity2210 :: ('MESH:D004415', 'Disease') :: ['dyspepsia']

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal bleeding']

entities_list: @entity1586 :: ('MESH:D003111', 'Disease') :: ['colonic polyps']

answer: @entity1127 :: (MESH:D011127,Disease) :: ['Peutz-Jeghers polyps']


abstract: The treatment of a @entity13 remains one of the most difficult challenges in oncology. In the present study a delivery system was developed for targeted drug delivery across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) to the @entity1313 cells. A cyclic @entity369 - @entity2228 - @entity2574 (RGD) peptide and @entity69 ( @entity69 ) were utilized as targeting ligands. Cyclic RGD peptides are specific targeting ligands of @entity5 cells and TFs are ligands that specifically target the BBB and @entity5 cells. Liposome (LP) was used to conjugate the cyclic RGD and TFs to establish the @entity13 cascade delivery system (RGD/TF-LP). The LPs were prepared by the thin film hydration method and physicochemical characterization was conducted. In vitro cell uptake and three-dimensional @entity5 spheroid penetration studies demonstrated that the system could target endothelial and @entity5 cells, as well as penetrate the @entity5 cells to reach the core of the @entity5 spheroids. The results of the in vivo imaging further demonstrated that the RGD/ @entity69 -LP provided the highest brain distribution. As a result, the @entity1311 -loaded RGD/TF-LP presents the best antiproliferative activity against C6 cells and @entity5 spheroids. In conclusion, the RGD/TF-LP may precisely target @entity13 , which may be valuable for @entity11 imaging and therapy.

title: A dual-targeting liposome conjugated with @entity69 and XXXX - @entity2228 -aspartic acid peptide for @entity11 -targeting therapy.

entities_list: @entity13 :: ('MESH:C564230', 'Disease') :: ['brain glioma']

entities_list: @entity2228 :: ('CHEBI:57305', 'Chemical') :: ['glycine']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['brain cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity2574 :: ('CHEBI:22660', 'Chemical') :: ['aspartic acid']

entities_list: @entity369 :: ('CHEBI:29016', 'Chemical') :: ['arginine']

answer: @entity369 :: (CHEBI:29016,Chemical) :: ['arginine']


abstract: PURPOSE: Budding (sprouting) along the invasive margin is reported to be associated with high malignant potential of @entity14 . We examined the prognostic significance of budding in @entity14 . @entity1 AND METHODS: Surgically resected specimens from 31 @entity1 with @entity14 were studied. The median postoperative follow-up was 27 months. The presence of budding was examined according to Morodomi's criteria using @entity1710 - @entity1711 -stained sections. RESULTS: Budding was found in 18 lesions (58%). Budding was more frequently observed in lesions with venous invasion and lymph node @entity3 than in those without (P = 0.04, P = 0.03, respectively). The incidence of budding was higher in lesions with distant @entity3 than in those without (P < 0.03). Overall recurrence and peritoneal disseminated recurrence were significantly more frequent in @entity1 with budding-positive lesions than in those with budding-negative lesions (P = 0.05, P = 0.04, respectively). The cumulative 5-year survival rate of curative resected cases was lower in @entity1 with budding-positive lesions than in those with budding-negative lesions (25.0% versus 90.9%, P = 0.01, log-rank test). Moreover, both the univariate and multivariate proportional hazard models revealed that the presence of budding was the only significant co-factor of postoperative survival. CONCLUSION: Budding is a pathological marker suggesting high malignant potential and decreased postoperative survival in @entity1 with @entity14 .

title: Budding (sprouting) as a useful prognostic marker in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1710 :: ('MESH:D006416', 'Chemical') :: ['hematoxylin']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal carcinoma', 'colorectal mucinous carcinoma']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal mucinous carcinoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Reduced @entity251 , a recognized comorbidity of @entity1720 ( @entity1720 ) and @entity2175 ( @entity2175 ), has also been reported in adult males with @entity1723 ( @entity1723 ). However, there are limited data on how early reduced @entity251 occurs, and whether it is related to the reduced @entity1720 in @entity1723 . @entity1243 , a modulator of the @entity2270 , may also influence @entity251 in @entity1723 . We hypothesized that @entity1720 and @entity1243 would be associated with total @entity251 (TT), and free @entity342 index (FAI) in adolescent males with @entity1723 . METHODS: @entity1723 (n   =   35), @entity2175 (n   =   13), lean (n   =   13) and @entity28 (n   =   9) adolescent males had @entity1720 measured by @entity1717 ( @entity413 infusion rate [GIR]), in addition to @entity1243 , @entity443 ( @entity443 ), TT, and FAI. The cohort was stratified into those with @entity1723 (n   =   35) and those without (n   =   35). RESULTS: TT and @entity443 were lower in @entity2175 @entity1 vs. lean controls, and GIR and @entity1243 correlated with FAI and TT in non- @entity1723 @entity1 . However, despite being insulin resistant, adolescent males with @entity1723 had normal TT and FAI, unrelated to GIR. In @entity1723 , @entity1243 was inversely associated with TT (p   =   0.005) and FAI (p   =   0.01), independent of puberty, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), @entity6 duration, body mass index (BMI) z-score and GIR. CONCLUSION: @entity1243 accounted for a significant proportion of the variability of @entity251 in @entity1723 . However, despite reduced @entity1720 , there was no association between @entity1720 and @entity251 in @entity1723 adolescents. These observations suggest that the mechanisms affecting @entity251 may differ between adolescent males with and without @entity1723 .

title: XXXX concentration and @entity1720 in young @entity1 with type 1 and @entity2175 .

entities_list: @entity2175 :: ('MESH:D003924', 'Disease') :: ['type 2 diabetes', 'T2D']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity1717 :: ('MESH:D044903', 'Disease') :: ['hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps']

entities_list: @entity1723 :: ('MESH:D003922', 'Disease') :: ['T1D', 'type 1 diabetes']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen']

entities_list: @entity1720 :: ('MESH:D007333', 'Disease') :: ['reduced insulin sensitivity', 'IS']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity443 :: ('6462', 'Gene') :: ['sex hormone binding globulin', 'SHBG']

answer: @entity251 :: (MESH:D013739,Chemical) :: ['Testosterone']


abstract: BACKGROUND: During the first wave of the H1N1 influenza pandemic in 2009, Aboriginal populations in @entity3394 experienced disproportionate rates of @entity281 , particularly in the province of @entity45843 . To protect those thought to be most at-risk, health authorities in @entity45843 listed all Aboriginal @entity1 , including Metis, among those able to receive priority access to the novel vaccine when it first became available. Currently, no studies exist that have investigated the attitudes, influences, and vaccine behaviors among Aboriginal communities in @entity3394 . This paper is the first to systematically connect vaccine behavior with the attitudes and beliefs that influenced Metis study @entity1 ' H1N1 vaccine decision-making. METHODS: Researchers held focus groups (n   =   17) with Metis @entity1 in urban, rural, and remote locations of @entity45843 following the conclusion of the H1N1 pandemic. @entity1 were asked about their vaccination decisions and about the factors that influenced their decisions. Following data collection, responses were coded into the broad categories of a social-ecological model, nuanced by categories stemming from earlier research. Responses were then quantified to show the most influential factors in positively or negatively affecting the vaccine decision. RESULTS: Media reporting, the influence of peer groups, and prioritization all had positive and negative influential effects on decision making. Whether vaccinated or not, the most negatively influential factors cited by @entity1 were a lack of knowledge about the vaccine and the pandemic as well as concerns about vaccine safety. Risk of contracting H1N1 influenza was the biggest factor in positively influencing a vaccine decision, which in many cases trumped any co-existing negative influencers. CONCLUSIONS: Metis experiences of colonialism in @entity3394 deeply affected their perceptions of the vaccine and pandemic, a context that health systems need to take into account when planning response activities in the future. @entity1 felt under-informed about most aspects of the vaccine and the pandemic, and many vaccine related misconceptions and fears existed. Recommendations include leveraging doctor- @entity1 interactions as a site for sharing vaccine-related knowledge, as well as targeted, culturally-appropriate, and empowering public information strategies to supply reliable vaccine and pandemic information to potentially at-risk Aboriginal populations.

title: Factors influencing H1N1 vaccine behavior among XXXX Metis in @entity3394 : a qualitative study.

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patient', 'Participants', 'people']

answer: @entity45843 :: (MESH:C536022,Disease) :: ['Manitoba']


abstract: PURPOSE: It is believed that extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) may be less effective than other modalities for treating stones in complex calculi. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of ESWL for treatment of complex stones. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between September 2002 and October 2003, 250 complex cases of @entity1791 , including ureteral stones, staghorn stones, and stones in @entity1 , high risk @entity1 , single kidneys, steinstrasse, and @entity8 were selected to be treated with @entity5377 Lithostar ( @entity5377 AG, Munich, Germany) on an outpatient basis. Data were collected prospectively and the results of ESWL monotherapy on these complex @entity1 were reviewed. RESULTS: The overall success rate was 91.2% for @entity1 and 77.7% for @entity1 with single kidneys. Also, ESWL was efficient in the treatment of ureteral stones at the rate of 70.5% to 83.3%, depending on the location of the stone in the ureter and its size. The success rate of ESWL for @entity1 with @entity8 , staghorn stones, and steinstrasse were marginal (66.6%, 66.0% and 33.3%, respectively). All of the cases were managed on outpatient basis and hospital admission was not required. CONCLUSION: Outpatient ESWL can be safely performed as a minimally invasive treatment after proper @entity1 selection, even for complex @entity1 . Its successfulness in @entity1 , @entity1 with solitary kidney, and for almost all of ureteral stones is quite acceptable. However, its usage in @entity1 with @entity8 , and those with staghorn stones is questionable and should be done only in carefully selected cases. Thus, with appropriate @entity1 selection, significant improvements in stone-free rates may also be achieved in these cases.

title: Efficacy of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy monotherapy in complex XXXX in the era of advanced endourologic procedures.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1791 :: ('MESH:D052878', 'Disease') :: ['urolithiasis']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['horseshoe kidneys', 'horseshoe kidneys or steinstrasse']

answer: @entity1791 :: (MESH:D052878,Disease) :: ['urolithiasis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Intramuscular vaccination is among the most common source of @entity158 in @entity1 . Vapocoolant sprays are rapid-acting alternative to topical anesthetics. They provide transient anesthesia via evaporation induced skin cooling, and @entity158 due to vaccine injection in @entity1 and adults. The objective was to compare the synergistic analgesic effect of eutectic mixture of local anesthetics (EMLA) with breastfeeding (EB group) and vapocoolant spay with breastfeeding (VB group) to that of only breastfeeding (BO group) during whole cell diptheria, pertussis and @entity116 (wDPT) vaccination. METHODS: A double blind randomized controlled trial was done to include @entity1 up to 3 months of age who came for their first wDPT vaccination. The primary outcome variable was the duration of cry after vaccination. Secondary outcome variables were Modified Facial Coding Score, Neonatal @entity1 @entity158 Scale and latency of onset of cry. RESULTS: Of the 201 eligible @entity1 , 111 babies were excluded and remaining 90 babies were randomized into three groups of thirty each. The groups did not differ significantly in baseline characteristics. Median (interquartile range, IQR) of duration of cry was lesser [35.86 (21.07-107.75) seconds] in babies receiving EMLA cream with breast feeding (EB group) and in babies receiving vapocoolant spray with breast feeding (VB group) [32.58 (21.25-106.21) seconds] as compared to babies receiving only breast feeding (BO group) [67.5 (27.6-180) seconds] (P=0.147). Difference in median (IQR) of latency of cry was not statistically significant. Modified Facial Coding Score and Neonatal @entity1 @entity158 Scale at 1 minute and 3 minutes was significantly lower in the EB and VB group, as compared to the BO group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Addition of topical EMLA application or vapocoolant spray to breastfeeding during wDPT vaccination does not reduce duration of cry in @entity1 up to 3 months of age. However, they are able to show reduction in @entity158 score and further studies are warranted to assess their efficacy as @entity158 relief measures in @entity1 and @entity1 .

title: Randomized controlled trial of topical EMLA and vapocoolant spray for reducing XXXX during wDPT vaccination.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'children', 'Infant', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['Pain', 'pain', 'iatrogenic pain', 'reduce pain']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In @entity1 with @entity320 , there is considerable concern about the clearance of clinically negative nodes, partly because of the unacceptable morbidity reported after regional lymphadenectomy. The advent of sentinel lymph node biopsies has allowed us to select those @entity1 with positive sentinel lymph nodes for completion node dissections. The purpose of this article is to demonstrate that when complete lymph node dissection is indicated, it can be performed with a low risk of @entity4269 using the fascia-preserving technique. STUDY DESIGN: The records of 209 consecutive @entity1 with @entity320 who underwent fascia-preserving axillary (n = 116) or ilioinguinofemoral (n = 93) lymphadenectomy by a single surgeon between January 1984 and April 1998 were reviewed. In each operation, care was taken not to disrupt the @entity121 at the site of lymphadenectomy. RESULTS: In the fascia-preserving axillary group, there were 59 @entity1 and 47 @entity1 with mean age of 53 years (range 21 to 79 years). There were three recurrences (3%) outside the borders of dissection. Transient @entity4 (8%) resolved over a median of 5 months, and permanent @entity4 occurred in 5% of @entity1 . In the ilioinguinofemoral group, there were 19 @entity1 and 37 @entity1 with a mean age of 52 years (range 21 to 88 years). There was one recurrence (2%) outside the borders of dissection. Transient lower extremity @entity4 (48%) resolved over a median of 12 months, and permanent lower extremity @entity4 occurred in 14% of @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Preservation of the @entity121 during lymph node dissection results in a lower incidence of permanent @entity4 , with no increased risk of recurrence.

title: Preservation of @entity121 to decrease @entity4269 after complete axillary and ilioinguinofemoral lymphadenectomy for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['upper extremity edema', 'edema']

entities_list: @entity4269 :: ('MESH:D008209', 'Disease') :: ['lymphedema']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['muscle fascia']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma']

answer: @entity320 :: (MESH:D008545,Disease) :: ['melanoma']


abstract: The combination of a diagnosis of @entity5 and hospitalization, isolation and radioactivity of a radionuclide therapy may have an important effect on the psychological equilibrium of @entity1 and may hamper compliance and acceptability. We performed a psychiatric evaluation in order to study psycho-pathological manifestations and underlying personality related vulnerabilities. During radioisolation, 48 @entity1 (24 male, 24 female; mean age 57.8 years) with a malignant (n=26) or non-malignant (n=22) pathology who needed isolation for radionuclide therapy, completed a series of questionnaires in order to assess @entity148 (Spielberger State and Trait @entity148 Inventory; STAI), @entity308 (Beck @entity308 Inventory; BDI), hopelessness (Beck Hopelessness Scale; BHS), personality characteristics (Temperament and Character Inventory; @entity1874 ) and coping strategies (Utrecht's Coping List; UCL). Compared to @entity1 with low state @entity148 , @entity1 who experienced a high level of state @entity148 showed higher levels of @entity308 (t=-2.10; P=0.04) and hopelessness (t=-4.20; P=<0.001). Their personality was characterized by significantly higher scores on harm avoidance (t=-2.78; P=0.008) and lower scores on self-directedness (t=3.12; P=0.003). Coping strategies were more passive (t=-2.43; P=0.02), avoiding (t=-2.15; P=0.04) and less well aimed (t=2.64; P=0.01). Surprisingly, the nature of disease (malignant versus non-malignant) did not influence these results, nor was there a difference between males and females, age, years of education, having a relationship or not, or the duration of hospitalization. Thus, contrary to what may be expected in isolation with radionuclide therapy, subgroups such as @entity1 , elderly, @entity5 @entity1 or lower educated @entity1 do not, a priori, exhibit a higher state @entity148 level. Our study shows these levels to be closely related to individual personality traits and coping strategies that are inadequate for the situation. Screening for trait @entity148 before admission can be easily done and may guide interventions aimed at increasing @entity1 comfort and acceptability.

title: XXXX and @entity148 during isolation and radionuclide therapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'people']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'malignancy']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['Anxiety', 'anxiety']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['Depression']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 325 Background: Creating an effective platform for multidisciplinary @entity5 conferences can be challenging in the rural community setting. The Duke Oncology Network, which is affiliated with hospitals in rural locations throughout North Carolina, created an internet-based platform for a multidisciplinary conference to enhance the care of @entity2 @entity1 in the community. This conference incorporates providers from different physical locations within the community and affiliated providers from a university-based @entity5 center two hours away. An electronic approach connects providers through space and time vocally and visually. METHODS: Development of the virtual conference began in February 2009. Biweekly conferences were set up using the Adobe Connect web conferencing platform. This provides a secure website and phone line to ensure @entity1 confidentiality. Case information is de-identified and incorporated into a slideshow uploaded to the platform. Multiple disciplines are invited to participate, including radiology, radiation oncology, thoracic surgery, pathology, pulmonology, and medical oncology. @entity1 only need telephone access and internet connection to participate. RESULTS: The first virtual @entity5 board occurred December 14, 2009. @entity1 histories and physicals are presented, and the web conferencing platform allows radiologic and histologic images to be reviewed. Treatment plans for @entity1 are discussed, allowing providers to coordinate care among the different subspecialties. @entity1 are identified that need referral to the affiliated university-based @entity5 center for specialized services. Pertinent treatment guidelines and journal articles are reviewed. In 2011, there were 9-10 @entity1 per session, with 2-3 cases presented, on average. CONCLUSIONS: The use of a web conferencing platform allows subspecialty providers throughout the community and hours away to participate in discussing @entity2 @entity1 cases. This platform increases convenience for providers, eliminating travel time to a central location. Coordination of care for @entity1 requiring multidisciplinary care is facilitated, shortening evaluation time prior to definitive treatment plan.

title: Development of a XXXX board in a community setting.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'Participants', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['virtual multidisciplinary lung cancer tumor']


abstract: BACKGROUND _ OBJECTIVES: Analysis of the role of different alleles of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) in @entity15 ( @entity15 ) @entity1 is necessary in many populations and geographical areas. The aim of the present study was to investigate the frequency of @entity1533 genes and its influence on susceptibility to @entity15 , comparing with that in control group. DESIGN AND SETTING: Two groups of case-control of @entity15 @entity1 referred to clinic at Khatam hospitals were studied. The first group consisted of 73 @entity15 @entity1 and the second group comprised 40 healthy volunteers with no known history of @entity15 , living in Tehran. @entity1 AND METHODS: The sample population consisted of 73 consecutive non-selected @entity1 diagnosed with @entity15 according to the McDonald criteria (2010) at the outpatient clinic for @entity15 , 62 (85%) presented with RRMS and 11 (15%) with SPMS. The frequency of @entity1533 alleles was determined in 73 @entity15 @entity1 (with age of 18-56) and 40 healthy subjects in Iran. These consisted of 57 females and 16 males. @entity1533 allele types were identified by polymerase chain reaction products of 24 pair primers for low resolution SSP typing (PCR-SSP). RESULTS: The @entity1533 * 11/15 genotype was detected highest (6 times) in @entity1 compare to normal control population (p-value 0.062), whereas the @entity1533 4/11 genotype was detected highest (4 times) in controls compare to @entity15 @entity1 (p-value 0.033). The data showed that @entity1533 *03 is significantly more in @entity1 compare to control normal @entity1 (p-value 0.0021) as well as @entity1533 14 and 16 are significantly more in control normal @entity1 , compare to @entity15 @entity1 (p-values 0.0789 and 0.035). CONCLUSION: Allele frequency among @entity1 with positive history of @entity15 showed that @entity1533 11 allele has a significantly low rate in @entity15 @entity1 with positive history compare to other @entity1 . In contrast @entity1533 15 allele has a significantly high rate in @entity15 @entity1 with positive history compare to other @entity1 . The frequencies of other alleles were not significantly different between the @entity15 @entity1 and the control group. The frequency of the @entity1533 * 11/15 genotype detected in the present study showed that this genotype is partially significant factor for @entity15 susceptibility and development in Iran.

title: Relationship between XXXX * 11/15 genotype and susceptibility to @entity15 in IRAN.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'people', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['MS', 'multiple sclerosis disease', 'multiple sclerosis']

answer: @entity1533 :: (3123,Gene) :: ['HLA-DRB1']


abstract: CONTEXT: Postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy (HRT) has been shown to elevate @entity1851 ( @entity1851 ) levels. Several inflammatory biomarkers, including @entity1851 , are associated with increased cardiovascular risk. However, whether the effect of HRT on @entity1851 represents a clinical hazard is unknown. OBJECTIVES: To assess the association between baseline levels of @entity35062 ( @entity650 ) and incident @entity301 ( @entity301 ) and to examine the relationship between baseline use of HRT, @entity1851 , and @entity650 levels as they relate to subsequent vascular risk. DESIGN, SETTING, AND @entity1 : Prospective, nested case-control study of postmenopausal @entity1 , forming part of the @entity1 's Health Initiative, a large, nationwide, observational study. Among 75 343 @entity1 with no history of @entity65 or @entity5 , 304 @entity1 who developed incident @entity301 were defined as cases and matched by age, smoking status, ethnicity, and follow-up time with 304 study @entity1 who remained event free during a median observation period of 2.9 years. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Incidence of first @entity583 or @entity204 from @entity301 . RESULTS: Median baseline levels of @entity1851 (0.33 vs 0.25 mg/dL; interquartile range [IQR], 0.14-0.71 vs 0.10-0.47; P<.001) and @entity650 (1.81 vs 1.47 pg/mL; IQR, 1.30-2.75 vs 1.05-2.15; P<.001) were significantly higher among cases compared with controls. In matched analyses, the odds ratio (OR) for incident @entity301 in the highest vs lowest quartile was 2.3 for @entity1851 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.4-3.7; P for trend =.002) and 3.3 for @entity650 (95% CI, 2.0-5.5; P for trend <.001). After additional adjustment for lipid and nonlipid risk factors, both inflammatory markers were significantly associated with a 2-fold increase in odds for @entity301 events. As anticipated, current use of HRT was associated with significantly elevated median @entity1851 levels. However, there was no association between HRT and @entity650 . In analyses comparing individuals with comparable baseline levels of either @entity1851 or @entity650 , those taking or not taking HRT had similar @entity301 ORs. In analyses stratified by HRT, we observed a positively graded relationship between plasma @entity1851 levels and the OR for @entity301 among both users and nonusers of HRT across the full spectrum of baseline @entity1851 . CONCLUSIONS: These prospective findings indicate that @entity1851 and @entity650 independently predict vascular events among apparently healthy postmenopausal @entity1 and that HRT increases @entity1851 . However, use or nonuse of HRT had less importance as a predictor of cardiovascular risk than did baseline levels of either @entity1851 or @entity650 .

title: Inflammatory biomarkers, hormone replacement therapy, and incident @entity301 : prospective analysis from the XXXX 's Health Initiative observational study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'Women', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['CHD', 'coronary heart disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein', 'CRP']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Women']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1164 in @entity1 on a liquid protein diet has been suggested to be related to repolarization abnormalities. Although @entity1162 is also associated with @entity1164 , it has not been examined in the setting of @entity353 using liquid protein diet. METHODS AND RESULTS: Sixty-three @entity1 (mean age 42 years, 18 @entity1 ) with a mean initial weight of 116 kg were randomly chosen from @entity1 who had completed 26 weeks of liquid protein diet therapy. QT, @entity1162 and corrected @entity1162 were measured blindly along with serum albumin and electrolytes at the beginning and end of 26 weeks of liquid protein diet therapy. In 57 @entity1 (89.5%) (group 1), @entity1162 shortened after @entity353 while it was prolonged in 6 @entity1 (10.5%) (group 2). The mean @entity353 (group 1: 115+/-21 to 91+/-16 kg; group 2: 122+/-21 to 98+/-13 kg), and serum albumin and electrolyte levels before @entity353 were the same in both groups. The decrease in @entity1162 in group 1 was due to increase in the minimum QT interval (350+/-22 v. 375+/-21 mis, p<0.01) after @entity353 . However, the @entity1162 increase in group 2 was due to prolongation of the maximum QT interval (402+/-27 v. 441+/-19 ms, p<0.05) after @entity353 . This suggests that shortening of the minimum QT interval causes the @entity1162 in @entity28 . Half the @entity1 in group 2 showed a drop in the serum albumin level and 2 @entity1 had an abnormally high phosphorous level at the end of the treatment. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1162 @entity3207 in most @entity1 (89.5%) using liquid protein diet for @entity353 . However, increase of @entity1162 is seen in 10.5% of @entity1 . The cause of @entity1162 in @entity28 (before @entity353 ) differs from that in @entity1 after weight-loss using liquid protein diet. @entity1162 changes observed in this study may explain the risk of @entity1164 in these @entity1 .

title: Effect of XXXX on @entity1162 in @entity28 .

entities_list: @entity1164 :: ('MESH:D016757', 'Disease') :: ['Sudden cardiac death', 'sudden cardiac death']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity1162 :: ('MESH:D008133', 'Disease') :: ['increased QT dispersion', 'QT dispersion', 'corrected QT interval, QT dispersion']

answer: @entity353 :: (MESH:D015431,Disease) :: ['weight loss']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Some pregnancy complications are characterized by increased levels of cell-free fetal (cffDNA) and maternal DNA (cfmDNA), the latter may also be elevated during physical strain. This study aims at assessing the impact of exercise and @entity2449 intervention in pregnancy, and to compare the levels of cell free DNA in pregnant @entity1 with or without @entity3610 diagnosis. METHODS: Consecutive @entity1 from two previous randomized controlled trials in pregnancy were included. @entity1 came from a trial with organized exercise vs. standard antenatal care in pregnancy and a trial of @entity2449 vs. placebo in @entity3610 @entity1 . Levels of cffDNA, cfmDNA and cell-free total DNA (cftDNA) were measured by qPCR. RESULTS: Training in pregnancy did not affect the levels of cffDNA, cfmDNA or cftDNA. @entity3610 - @entity1 treated with @entity2449 had lower levels of cfmDNA and cftDNA at week 32 (mean      SD: 301      162 versus 570      337, p  =  0.012, 345      173 versus 635      370, p  =  0.019); otherwise the levels were comparable to @entity3610 -controls. @entity2449 -treated @entity3610 - @entity1 had higher cffDNA at inclusion, in the 1st trimester; later on in pregnancy the levels in the @entity2449 and placebo groups were equal. A comparison of pregnant @entity1 in the exercise study (TRIP) to placebo-treated pregnant @entity3610 - @entity1 , showed the levels of cffDNA, cfmDNA or cftDNA during mid-pregnancy (weeks 18-36) to be equal. DISCUSSION: Training during pregnancy was not associated with altered levels of cffDNA cfmDNA or cftDNA, but @entity2449 treatment may reduce cfmDNA and cftDNA in pregnant @entity3610 @entity1 .

title: The effect of exercise and XXXX treatment on circulating free DNA in pregnancy.

entities_list: @entity2449 :: ('MESH:D008687', 'Chemical') :: ['Metformin', 'metformin']

answer: @entity2449 :: (MESH:D008687,Chemical) :: ['metformin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The functional lumen imaging probe (FLIP) is a novel diagnostic tool that can be used to measure esophagogastric junction (EGJ) distensibility. In this study, we performed intraoperative FLIP measurements during laparoscopic Heller myotomy (LHM) and @entity2910 ( @entity2910 ) for treatment of @entity1318 and evaluated the relationship between EGJ distensibility and postoperative symptoms. METHODS: @entity894 ( @entity894 ) (defined as the minimum cross-sectional area at the EGJ divided by distensive pressure) was measured with FLIP at two time points during LHM and @entity2910 : (1) at baseline after induction of anesthesia, and (2) after operation completion. RESULTS: Measurements were performed in 20 @entity1 undergoing LHM and 36 undergoing @entity2910 . Both operations resulted in an increase in @entity894 , although this increase was larger with @entity2910 (7      3.1 vs. 5.1      3.4  mm(2)/mmHg, p  <  .05). The two @entity1 (both LHM) with the smallest increases in @entity894 (1 and 1.6  mm(2)/mmHg) both had persistent symptoms postoperatively and, overall, LHM @entity1 with larger increases in @entity894 had lower postoperative Eckardt scores. In the @entity2910 group, there was no correlation between change in @entity894 and symptoms; however, all @entity2910 @entity1 experienced an increase in @entity894 of >3  mm(2)/mmHg. When all @entity1 were divided into thirds based on final @entity894 , none in the lowest @entity894 group (<6  mm(2)/mmHg) had symptoms suggestive of reflux (i.e., GerdQ score >7), as compared with 20  % in the middle third (6-9  mm(2)/mmHg) and 36  % in the highest third (>9  mm(2)/mmHg). @entity1 within an "ideal" final @entity894 range (4.5-8.5  mm(2)/mmHg) had optimal symptomatic outcomes (i.e., Eckardt   <=  1 and GerdQ   <=  7) in 88  % of cases, compared with 47  % in those with a final @entity894 above or below that range (p  <  .05). CONCLUSIONS: Intraoperative EGJ distensibility measurements with FLIP were predictive of postoperative symptomatic outcomes. These results provide initial evidence that FLIP has the potential to act as a useful calibration tool during operations for @entity1318 .

title: Esophagogastric junction distensibility measurements during Heller myotomy and @entity2910 for XXXX predict postoperative symptomatic outcomes.

entities_list: @entity1318 :: ('MESH:D004931', 'Disease') :: ['achalasia']

entities_list: @entity2910 :: ('MESH:D004941', 'Disease') :: ['peroral esophageal myotomy', 'POEM']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity894 :: ('MESH:C566784', 'Disease') :: ['Distensibility index', 'DI']

answer: @entity1318 :: (MESH:D004931,Disease) :: ['achalasia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We investigated the effects of three different sites for delivery of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in a @entity35 model of @entity741 . DESIGN: Prospective, randomized, controlled study. SETTING: University affiliated research institute. SUBJECTS: Male @entity35 . INTERVENTIONS: A thoracotomy was performed under general anesthesia. @entity741 was induced by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery. One month later, animals were randomized to receive 5 x 10(6) MSCs labeled with @entity13214 in @entity1391 buffer solution or @entity1391 buffer solution alone as a placebo by injection into right femoral vein, directly into the left ventricular (LV) cavity, or into the ischemic zone in the anterior ventricular free wall. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Echocardiographically measured myocardial function, including ejection fraction and fractional @entity3207 , was quantitated 2 wks and 4 wks after administering MSCs or @entity1391 buffer solution. Hemodynamics, including cardiac index, LV dP/dt40, LV negative dP/dt, and LV diastolic pressure were measured 4 wks after administering MSCs or @entity1391 buffer solution. MSCs were counted in 5-microm sections obtained with cryostat from each harvested heart. Significant improvements in ejection fraction, fractional @entity3207 , cardiac index, LV dP/dt40, LV negative dP/dt, and LV diastolic pressure followed injection of MSCs, regardless of the site of injection. However, the number of MSCs counted in the heart sections was significantly greater after direct myocardial injection. CONCLUSIONS: Independently of the site of injection and regardless of the different concentration of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells identified in the myocardium, myocardial function was comparably improved in all groups of animals treated with MSCs.

title: Intravenous infusion of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells improves myocardial function in a XXXX model of @entity741 .

entities_list: @entity3207 :: ('MESH:C535850', 'Disease') :: ['shortening']

entities_list: @entity1391 :: ('CHEBI:26020', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphate']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['Myocardial ischemia', 'myocardial ischemia']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['rat', 'Sprague-Dawley rats']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the role of transvitreal optic neurotomy in the treatment of @entity6810 , a scleral outlet compartment syndrome, in which neurovascular compression at the prelaminar and laminar regions of the optic nerve head may play a major role. METHODS: Seven eyes of seven selected @entity1 with severe @entity1018 (<20/800) from @entity6810 underwent transvitreal nasal radial optic neurotomy. The study was not masked and not randomized. Visual acuity and visual fields, when possible, were measured, and @entity941 angiography was performed preoperatively and postoperatively. RESULTS: Four male and three female @entity1 had a mean age of 52.4 years; five had bilateral disease. The mean follow-up was 13 +/- 7 weeks. Mean preoperative visual acuity was 20/2400; mean postoperative visual acuity was 20/250, with an average of 10 lines of improvement. Six of seven @entity1 showed visual improvement. One @entity1 had @entity1940 . In two @entity1 with sufficient visual acuity, preoperative visual fields could be obtained; these @entity1 showed significant improvement in postoperative perimetry. Five @entity1 had some @entity1018 , which made it impossible to obtain preoperative visual fields. CONCLUSION: Relaxation of the scleral ring of the prelaminar and laminar regions of the optic nerve head reduces constriction and may prevent @entity39 of salvageable but underperfused nerve fibers. Despite improvement of visual acuity in our @entity1 , transvitreal optic neurotomy should be considered experimental, requiring a randomized clinical trial.

title: Transvitreal optic neurotomy for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1018 :: ('MESH:D054062', 'Disease') :: ['loss of vision', 'vision loss']

entities_list: @entity1940 :: ('MESH:D020256', 'Disease') :: ['peripapillary choroidal neovascularization']

entities_list: @entity6810 :: ('MESH:D018917', 'Disease') :: ['nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity941 :: ('MESH:D019793', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorescein']

answer: @entity6810 :: (MESH:D018917,Disease) :: ['nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy']


abstract: RATIONALE: Opioid and cannabinoid CB(1) receptor antagonists reduce the motivation to consume @entity167 when taken individually but their effectiveness in combination is not yet known. OBJECTIVE: The effects of @entity1510 / @entity836 and @entity351 alone and in combination were examined on beer consumption in @entity35 . METHODS: In a progressive ratio paradigm @entity35 were trained to lick at a tube for either beer (4.5% @entity1068 v/v) or near-beer (beer containing <0.5% @entity1068 v/v) under a progressive ratio schedule of reinforcement. They were then tested with @entity1510 (0.3, 0.6 or 1.2 mg/kg i.p.), @entity351 (0.15, 0.3 or 0.6 mg/kg i.p.) and their combination. In a continuous access paradigm, other @entity35 were given beer or near-beer in their home cages for several weeks and the effects of repeated (4 day) administration of @entity836 (0.3, 0.6 or 1.2 mg/kg), @entity351 (0.15, 0.3 or 0.6 mg/kg) and their combination were assessed. RESULTS: In the progressive ratio paradigm @entity351 , @entity1510 and their combination were more effective in reducing the break points for beer rather than near-beer. The two lowest dose combinations produced a synergistic reduction in break points. The highest dose combination reduced break points for both beer and near-beer and effects were more additive than synergistic. In the continuous access paradigm, the low doses of the drugs selectively reduced beer consumption in a synergistic fashion with higher doses having a less selective and more additive effect. CONCLUSIONS: The combined, low dose treatment has possible clinical efficacy in treating @entity167 craving in @entity1 .

title: Combined low dose treatment with opioid and cannabinoid receptor antagonists synergistically reduces the motivation to consume XXXX in @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity836 :: ('MESH:D009271', 'Chemical') :: ['naltrexone']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity1510 :: ('MESH:D009270', 'Chemical') :: ['naloxone']

answer: @entity167 :: (CHEBI:16236,Chemical) :: ['alcohol']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Oncologic management in pediatric @entity1 may be associated with a high risk of @entity51 , such as taste, olfaction, vision and hearing. These @entity51 can be linked to chemotherapy @entity137 or to a direct deleterious effect of local radiotherapy or surgical management in case of @entity5 . @entity51 may be temporary but are usually irreversible and frequently progress after the completion of treatment. Taste and olfaction deficits expose to high risk of nutritional complications and quality of life alteration. Hyposialia, as a result of irradiation of the salivary glands, increases taste changes and the risk of @entity1547 . The risk of @entity231 is present in @entity1 who received high dose @entity288 and/or brain or orbital irradiation. When hearing is affected, a risk of impaired intellectual or academic performance is increased with an impact on the quality of life in absence of specific care. Finally, there are some cosmetic consequences of therapy such as @entity1665 and scarring that alter the image of the @entity1 . Early detection of these problems in order to limit medical, @entity6100 is mandatory. Moreover, high risk of worsening of these deficits after completion of therapy support long-term follow-up @entity1 treated for @entity5 , especially with head and neck primary.

title: [Neurosensory, aesthetic and dental late effects of XXXX therapy].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity6100 :: ('OMIM:300082', 'Disease') :: ['psychological, educational and social impact']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['craniofacial cancers', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurosensory deficit', 'neurosensory deficits', 'Neurosensory deficit']

entities_list: @entity1547 :: ('MESH:D003731', 'Disease') :: ['dental caries']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['childhood cancer']


abstract: A 27-year-old @entity1 consulted with clinical and radiological features of @entity102 of @entity2720 (hips and knee), associated with @entity1600 and @entity2010 . Lymph-node biopsy provided the diagnosis of systemic Langerhans' cell histiocytosis, for which synovial involvement remains a diagnostic challenge. @entity166 search and immunological tests were all negative. Skeleton radiographs, hip and cerebral magnetic resonance imaging showed, respectively, erosive @entity625 of the hips and stigmates of pituitary-stalk involvement. Hip-synovium biopsy exhibited the main histological features of @entity10630 , a non-Langerhans' cell histiocytosis. An extensive literature review found that Langerhans' cell histiocytosis and non-Langerhans' cell histiocytosis (mainly @entity10630 ) coexistence is rare and synovial involvements in them even more so, these latter presenting mainly as large joint monoarthritis. The absence of typical clinical and radiographic signs of @entity10630 led to consideration of the rheumatologic diagnosis of unclassified non-Langerhans' cell histiocytosis (or @entity10630 -type) @entity4932 , associated with multiorgan Langerhans' cell histiocytosis. The differential diagnosis of @entity625 should then include both entities, particularly when multiorgan manifestations are present. Non-Langerhans' cell histiocytosis synovial involvements responded poorly to @entity5713 and @entity288 , while Langerhans' cell histiocytosis involvements responded completely but transiently. Both entities regressed under @entity8778 , with only mild relapses of the non-Langerhans' cell histiocytosis involvements.

title: Spumous histiocytic XXXX coexisting with systemic Langerhans' cell histiocytosis: case report and literature review.

entities_list: @entity8778 :: ('MESH:D017338', 'Chemical') :: ['cladribine']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['arthritis', 'large joint erosive arthritis']

entities_list: @entity1600 :: ('MESH:D014388', 'Disease') :: ['diffuse lymph-node enlargement']

entities_list: @entity10630 :: ('MESH:D031249', 'Disease') :: ['Erdheim-Chester disease']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic erosive oligoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity4932 :: ('MESH:D001171', 'Disease') :: ['oligoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity2720 :: ('MESH:D007592', 'Disease') :: ['large joints']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['Infectious diseases']

entities_list: @entity5713 :: ('MESH:D014747', 'Chemical') :: ['vinblastine']

entities_list: @entity2010 :: ('MESH:D003919', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes insipidus']

answer: @entity4932 :: (MESH:D001171,Disease) :: ['oligoarthritis']


abstract: The effects of mono, duple and triple treatment with @entity2390 , galanin and @entity750 on a @entity1 @entity694 cell line (SW 620) were investigated. The @entity5 cells were exposed to a dose corresponding to 20 microg/kg body weight/day, and to 50 and 25% of this dose (0.2, 0.1 and 0.05 microg/ml). The cells were observed at the intervals: 3, 6, 12, 24 and 48 h. @entity98 -assay was used to determine numbers of viable cells. Proliferation and apoptosis were detected by immunocytochemistry using the avidin- @entity1885 complex (ABC) method. The antibodies used were anti-Ki-67, anti- @entity12874 polymerase ' @entity12982 and anti- @entity1836 . Proliferative and apoptotic indices were determined by computerized image analysis. Almost all the mono and duple treatments of the bioactive substances succeeded in reducing the numbers of viable cells. With triple treatment, however, this decrease was greater and was evident at all observation times. The effect on proliferation varied between none, and an enhancing or inhibiting action, depending on the dose, combination and observation time. The effect on apoptosis of mono or duple exposure to the bioactive gut substances varies, depending on the concentration, combination and observation time. Triple combination at the effective dose increased the apoptotic index, with the two markers used, and appeared after 6 h, extending up to 48 h. The reduction in the number of viable @entity5 cells was greater and occurred earlier than the increase in apoptosis and was observed whether the bioactive substances were used alone or in combinations and at different concentrations. It is therefore conceivable that some other mechanism(s) than apoptosis is involved which inhibits @entity5 cell respiration. It is possible that some of the dramatic in vivo changes seen earlier, following triple treatment with @entity2390 , @entity16424 and @entity750 , may have been direct effects of these substances on @entity5 cells.

title: Direct effects of @entity2390 , galanin and XXXX on @entity1 @entity694 cells.

entities_list: @entity12874 :: ('MESH:D011064', 'Chemical') :: ['poly (ADP-ribose)']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['serotonin']

entities_list: @entity2390 :: ('MESH:D015282', 'Chemical') :: ['octreotide']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon cancer']

answer: @entity750 :: (MESH:D012701,Chemical) :: ['serotonin']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Introduction inadequate intake of calorie or inadequate breastfeeding can cause @entity4629 . The present study was conducted to examine the correlation between frequency and duration of breastfeeding and the severity of @entity4629 amongnewborns admitted toGhaem Hospital of Mashhad (Iran) due to @entity4629 . Methodology the present cross-sectional study was conducted on 634 newborns with idiopathic @entity3638 referred to either Emergency Department or Neonatal Clinic in Ghaem Hospital. The required data were collected through a researcher-made questionnaire covering information related to mothers and babies. The examined neonates were examined based on the frequency and duration of breastfeeding and the severity of @entity3638 . The collected data were analyzed using statistical tests of Shapiro-Wilk and Chi-squared (SPSS-19.5). Results according to the results, at Bilirubin levels of 1-12mg/dl, 12.1-16   mg/dl, 16.1-20   mg/dl and >20mg/dl, the average frequencies of breastfeeding were respectively 10.66, 9.83, 9.19 and 7.50 times a day. The average serum @entity648 level in newborns with <= 7 times breastfeeding per day (19   mg/dl) was higher than newborns with >7 times breastfeeding per day (16   ml/dl). Additionally, by an increase in the frequency of breastfeeding, the percentage of @entity353 decreased in the examined newborns. The results also showed that in newborns with Bilirubin levels <20   mg/dl, the severity of @entity3638 reduced by increased defecation frequency and decreased percentage of @entity353 . Conclusion the results of this study showed that increased frequency of breastfeeding, accelerated weight gain and increased defecation frequency reduce the severity of @entity4629 . Accordingly, breastfeeding education for motherswith an emphasis on increasing the frequency of breastfeeding is a helpful technique to reduce the severity of @entity3638 in newborns.

title: The correlation between Frequency and Duration of Breastfeeding and the Severity of Neonatal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity648 :: ('MESH:D001663', 'Chemical') :: ['Bilirubin']

entities_list: @entity4629 :: ('MESH:D051556', 'Disease') :: ['neonatal hyperbilirubinemia']

entities_list: @entity3638 :: ('MESH:D006932', 'Disease') :: ['hyperbilirubinemia']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

answer: @entity3638 :: (MESH:D006932,Disease) :: ['Hyperbilirubinemia']


abstract: Up to 70% of @entity1 with @entity43 are diagnosed in the advanced stage. The standard treatment for advanced @entity43 is a combination of debulking surgery and chemotherapy. The goal of surgery is to reduce the @entity5 burden as much as possible. The survival of @entity1 with no @entity66 post-surgery is superior to that of @entity1 with visible residual lesions. In order to minimize the probability that a @entity1 has @entity66 , several aggressive surgical techniques have been proposed, including the removal of all visible disease on the diaphragm, the colon and elsewhere in the abdomen. These techniques include diaphragm resection, splenectomy and peritonectomy. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is used to treat @entity1 if it is expected that adequate debulking surgery is unlikely to be successful or if they are evaluated to be too ill to undergo an extensive and lengthy operation. Several multi-center prospective randomized studies have shown that @entity1 who are treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery are more likely to achieve the status of no @entity66 than are @entity1 treated with surgery alone. Consequently, it has been proposed that neoadjuvant chemotherapy is justified in order to achieve a status of no @entity66 ; however, treatment with neoadjuvant chemotherapy has not yet been shown to result in better survival than treatment with primary debulking surgery. On the other hand, large retrospective single institute studies have shown clear survival benefit to @entity1 undergoing primary surgery with no @entity66 at the end of surgery. Although it is hard to compare prospective randomized studies to retrospective studies, they could not be ignored. The goal of treatment should be no @entity66 at the end of primary surgery. To achieve this goal, @entity1 with @entity43 should undergo a thorough evaluation prior to the decision on the right treatment. This evaluation should include imaging studies to assess the sites and size of @entity3 , age and performance status. Furthermore, the surgical competence of each center should be evaluated periodically and a decision should be made individually for each @entity1 and center. The aim of this review is to analyze the updated relevant data on the approach to advanced @entity43 , primary debulking ( @entity1480 ) versus neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT).

title: [Advanced XXXX : primary debulking ( @entity1480 ) or neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) - still a debate].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cancer', 'advanced stage ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['residual disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['intra-abdominal tumor']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['ovarian cancer']