abstract: @entity8739 ( @entity8739 ) is a secreted heparin-binding protein, which has transforming potential. Alternative splicing of the @entity19 @entity8739 gene potentially codes for eight protein isoforms (a-h) which differ in their transforming capacity in transfected cells. S115 @entity19 @entity5 cells express a transformed phenotype and secrete @entity8739 in an @entity342 -dependent manner. In order to study the role of @entity8739 isoforms in the induction of transformed phenotype of @entity0 cells, we over-expressed @entity8739 isoforms a, b and e in S115 cells. Over-expression of FGF-8b, but not FGF-8a or FGF-8e, induced @entity342 and anchorage independent growth of S115 cells. FGF-8b-transfected S115 cells formed rapidly growing @entity5 with increased vascularization when injected s.c. into @entity19 . FGF-8a also slightly increased @entity5 growth and probably @entity5 vascularization but FGF-8e was not found to have any effects. The angiogenic activity of FGF-8b and heparin-binding growth factor fraction (HBGF) of S115 cell conditioned media was tested in in vitro and in vivo models for angiogenesis using immortomouse brain capillary endothelial cells (IBEC) and @entity18565 ( @entity18565 ) assays. Recombinant FGF-8b protein was able to stimulate proliferation, migration, and vessel-like tube formation of IBECs. In addition, stimulatory effect of S115-HBGF on IBE cell proliferation was evident. A positive angiogenic response to FGF-8b was also seen in @entity18565 assay. The results demonstrate that the expression of Fgf-8b is able to promote vessel formation. Angiogenic capacity probably markedly contributes to the ability of FGF-8b to increase @entity5 growth of @entity342 -regulated S115 @entity19 @entity0 cells.

title: FGF-8b increases angiogenic capacity and @entity5 growth of XXXX -regulated S115 @entity0 cells.

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mouse', 'nude mice']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'mammary tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity18565 :: ('MESH:C564876', 'Disease') :: ['CAM', 'chorion allantoic membrane']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen']

answer: @entity342 :: (CHEBI:50113,Chemical) :: ['androgen']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Evaluated in the present study were locations, descriptions, and results of work-related @entity130 (WRIs) sustained by emergency medical technicians (EMTs) and paramedics in @entity233 's most crowded city,   stanbul. METHODS: After the present study had been accepted by the urban health authority, a questionnaire was emailed to the healthcare personnel of   stanbul's 195 ambulance stations. RESULTS: Included in the present study were the responses of 901 members of staff (660 EMTs and 241 paramedics), with a mean age of 29.5  6.1 (min: 18; max: 61). The majority of @entity1 (94.9%) had encountered verbal abuse from the public, and 39.8% had encountered physical violence from @entity1 ' relatives. Levels of satisfaction with work in emergency medical services (EMS) was also evaluated, and 510 @entity1 (57.6%) were unhappy. Regarding gender, female employees were more likely to be verbally attacked (p=0.01), while males were more likely to be physically attacked (p=0.001). It was reported that @entity64 ( @entity64 ) were the most common cause of WRIs (81.4%), followed by @entity2949 (52.2%), ocular exposure to blood and other fluids (30.9%), and sharp @entity130 (22.5%). Only 10.5% (n=95) of WRIs were reported to authorities; 488 (54.2%) of @entity1 just attended to the practice to prevent possible WRIs. CONCLUSION: For paramedics and EMTs, risk of WRI is obviously high. Strategies to decrease and prevent verbal and physical violence should be developed.

title: Work-related @entity130 sustained by emergency medical technicians and paramedics in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['MVAs', 'motor vehicle accidents']

entities_list: @entity2949 :: ('MESH:D016602', 'Disease') :: ['needle-stick injuries']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['injuries']

answer: @entity233 :: (9103,Species) :: ['Turkey']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Several studies demonstrate that the P3 component of the event-related potentials (ERP) is generated by mesial temporal structures. The P3 is considered as endogenous information processing component independent from modality. PURPOSE: The aim of this investigation was to study whether the P3 latency elicited by auditory and visual stimuli under different attentional states is influenced by the mesial @entity1315 (mTLE). METHODS: The event related P3 component of 10 right handed @entity1 (7 m/3 f, mean age 31.3 years ( @entity168 7.3), median 31.5, range 20-47) with unilateral mTLE were studied and compared with 10 age matched controls (5 m/5 f, mean age 36.6 years ( @entity168 12.6), median 32.1, range 22-48). Diagnosis of mTLE was based on @entity410 description, clinical history and examination, prolonged video-EEG monitoring, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), interictal and ictal SPECT. P3 potentials were elicited with a visual and auditory three stimulus discrimination paradigm. RESULTS: The latency of the P3 response to the auditory stimulus under automatic and effortful attention was delayed (423.3 ms ( @entity168 60.4) and 436.9 ms ( @entity168 83.4)) compared with a control group (359 ms ( @entity168 42.4) and 354.2 ms ( @entity168 39.7); P = 0.039 and P = 0.012, ANOVA), while the P3 latencies to visual stimuli under both tested attentional states (407.3 ms ( @entity168 52.9) and 390.6 ms ( @entity168 40.2)) did not differ from controls (378.2 ms ( @entity168 48.6) and 378.2 ms ( @entity168 55.4)). P3 latencies to auditory novel paradigm in @entity1 with right sided mTLE, but not left sided mTLE, differed significantly from controls (P = 0.01). CONCLUSION: The results suggest a modality dependence of the P3 component in @entity1 with mTLE. The novelty processing of auditory stimuli is disturbed in @entity1 with right sided mTLE.

title: Multimodal P3 under different attentional states in mesial XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1315 :: ('MESH:D004833', 'Disease') :: ['temporal lobe epilepsy']

answer: @entity1315 :: (MESH:D004833,Disease) :: ['temporal lobe epilepsy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Spontaneous @entity1779 is a disease with high morbidity, high disability rate, high mortality, and high economic burden. Whether @entity1 can benefit from surgical evacuation of @entity1410 is still controversial, especially for those with moderate-volume @entity1410 in the basal ganglia. This study is designed to compare the efficacy of endoscopic surgery and conservative treatment for the moderate-volume @entity1410 in spontaneous @entity21915 . METHODS: @entity1 meet the criteria will be randomized into the endoscopic surgery group (endoscopic surgery for @entity1410 evacuation and the best medical treatment) or the conservative treatment group (the best medical treatment). @entity1 will be followed up at 1, 3, and 6 months after initial treatment. The primary outcomes include the Extended Glasgow Outcome Scale and the Modified Rankin Scale. The secondary outcomes consist of the National Institutes of Health @entity64 Scale and the mortality. The Barthel Index(BI) will also be evaluated. The sample size is 100 @entity1 . DISCUSSION: The ECMOH trial is a randomized controlled trial designed to evaluate if endoscopic surgery is better than conservative treatment for @entity1 with moderate-volume @entity1410 in the basal ganglia. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry: ChiCTR-TRC-11001614(http://www.chictr.org/en/proj/show.aspx?proj=1618).

title: Endoscopic surgery versus conservative treatment for the moderate-volume @entity1410 in spontaneous XXXX (ECMOH): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1410 :: ('MESH:D006406', 'Disease') :: ['hematomas', 'hematoma']

entities_list: @entity21915 :: ('MESH:D020145', 'Disease') :: ['basal ganglia hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['intracerebral hemorrhage']

answer: @entity21915 :: (MESH:D020145,Disease) :: ['basal ganglia hemorrhage']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Data concerning the results of 2nd generation DES in the treatment of unprotected left main coronary artery (ULMCA) @entity850 are limited. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of stenting with @entity2239 - (EES) with @entity3446 -eluting stent ( @entity2166 ) for the treatment of @entity3979 in the "real world" setting. METHODS: In this multi-center all-comer registry, a total of 275 @entity1 with @entity3979 were analyzed; 160 receiving EES and 115 receiving @entity2166 . The primary endpoint was major adverse @entity299 (MACE), defined as @entity204 , @entity583 , and @entity63 -driven target vessel revascularization at 1 year. RESULTS: Baseline characteristics were similar between the two stent groups. At 1 year, the rate of MACE was comparable between the two groups (7.5% for EES vs. 13.9% for @entity2166 , HR: 0.55 [0.26-1.17], p = 0.117). However, after multivariable or propensity score adjustment, the risk of MACE was significantly lower for EES compared with that for @entity2166 (multivariable adjusted HR: 0.42 [0.19-0.92], p = 0.030; propensity score-adjusted HR: 0.43 [0.20-0.95], p = 0.037). These results were mainly driven from the numerically lower rate of repeat revascularization in the EES group (2.5% for EES vs. 7.0% for @entity2166 , p = 0.096). As for hard endpoint ( @entity204 or @entity583 ) and stent @entity715 , no differences were found between the 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS: In a large cohort of @entity1 receiving ULMCA stenting, the MACE rate was numerically lower in the EES compared with that in the @entity2166 (statistically @entity2166 ), which was mainly driven by significantly lower rates of repeat revascularization.

title: XXXX - versus @entity3446 -eluting stents for the treatment of unprotected left main @entity3979 (results from the EXCELLENT registry).

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity2239 :: ('MESH:C107135', 'Chemical') :: ['everolimus']

entities_list: @entity3446 :: ('MESH:D020123', 'Chemical') :: ['sirolimus']

entities_list: @entity3979 :: ('MESH:D023921', 'Disease') :: ['ULMCA stenosis']

entities_list: @entity2166 :: ('MESH:D000275', 'Disease') :: ['significant only after adjustment', 'SES']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac events']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

answer: @entity2239 :: (MESH:C107135,Chemical) :: ['Everolimus']


abstract: A unified scenario emerges when it is considered that a major impact of stress on the intestinal tract is reflected by symptoms reminiscent of the @entity294 -predominant form of @entity1744 . Cramping @entity490 , fecal urgency, and explosive watery @entity294 are hallmarks not only of @entity294 -predominant @entity1744 , but also of @entity8544 , radiation-induced @entity1681 , and @entity5419 . The scenario starts with stress-induced compromise of the intestinal mucosal barrier and continues with microorganisms or other sensitizing agents crossing the barrier and being intercepted by enteric mast cells. Mast cells signal the presence of the agent to the enteric nervous system (ie, the brain-in-the-gut), which uses one of the specialized programs from its library of programs to remove the "threat." This is accomplished by stimulating mucosal secretion, which flushes the threatening agent into the lumen and maintains it in suspension. The secretory response then becomes linked to powerful propulsive motility, which propels the secretions together with the offending agent rapidly in the anal direction. Cramping @entity490 accompanies the strong propulsive contractions. Urgency is experienced when arrival of the large bolus of liquid distends the recto-sigmoid region and reflexly opens the internal anal sphincter, with continence protection now provided only by central reflexes that contract the puborectalis and external anal sphincter muscles. Sensory information arriving in the brain from receptors in the rapidly distending recto-sigmoid accounts for the conscious sensation of urgency and might exacerbate the individual's emotional stress. The symptom of explosive watery @entity294 becomes self-explanatory in this scenario.

title: Effects of bacteria on the enteric nervous system: implications for the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5419 :: ('MESH:D005512', 'Disease') :: ['food allergy']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity8544 :: ('MESH:D005254', 'Disease') :: ['infectious enteritis']

entities_list: @entity1744 :: ('MESH:D043183', 'Disease') :: ['irritable bowel syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1681 :: ('MESH:D004751', 'Disease') :: ['enteritis']

answer: @entity1744 :: (MESH:D043183,Disease) :: ['irritable bowel syndrome']


abstract: PURPOSE: Termination of @entity4854 does not arrest the progression of @entity6 , and retinal mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) remains damaged, resulting in a continuous cycle of mitochondrial dysfunction. This study is to investigate the role of mitochondria biogenesis (regulated by nuclear mitochondrial signaling) in the metabolic memory phenomenon. METHODS: Mitochondria DNA copy number, functional integrity, and biogenesis (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-y coactivator-1a [PGC1], @entity34810 [ @entity34810 ], mitochondrial transcriptional factor [ @entity15412 ]) were analyzed in the retina from @entity3839 - @entity6 @entity35 maintained in poor or good control for 12 months (PC and GC respectively), or in PC for 6 months followed by 6 months of GC (Rev). The effect of direct inhibition of @entity224 on prior insult was investigated by supplementing @entity12837 (LA) during their 6 months of GC (R+LA). Binding of @entity15412 with chaperones ( @entity1457 proteins 70 and 60, @entity18273 and @entity28379 respectively) was quantified by coimmunoprecipitation. The key parameters and the number of mitochondria (by transmission electron microscopy and fluorescence microscopy) were confirmed in isolated retinal endothelial cells. RESULTS: Six months of GC in the @entity35 in Rev group did not provide any benefit to @entity6 -induced decreased mtDNA copy number, increased gene transcripts of PGC1, @entity34810 , and @entity15412 , and decreased mitochondrial @entity15412 . The binding of @entity15412 with the chaperones remained subnormal. Supplementation of LA (R+LA), however, had a significant beneficial effect on the impaired mitochondria biogenesis, and also on the continued progression of @entity6 . Similar results of reversal of high @entity413 insult were observed in isolated retinal endothelial cells. CONCLUSIONS: Dysregulated mitochondria biogenesis contributes to the metabolic memory, and supplementation of GC with therapies targeted in modulating mitochondria homeostasis has potential in helping @entity6 @entity1 retard progression of @entity989 .

title: Role of mitochondria biogenesis in the metabolic memory associated with the continued progression of @entity6 and its regulation by XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes', 'diabetic retinopathy']

entities_list: @entity1457 :: ('MESH:D012769', 'Disease') :: ['heat shock']

entities_list: @entity34810 :: ('312195(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['nuclear respiratory factor 1', 'NRF1']

entities_list: @entity3839 :: ('MESH:D013311', 'Chemical') :: ['streptozotocin']

entities_list: @entity12837 :: ('MESH:D008063', 'Chemical') :: ['lipoic acid']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['retinopathy']

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide']

entities_list: @entity4854 :: ('MESH:D006943', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemia']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity12837 :: (MESH:D008063,Chemical) :: ['lipoic acid']


abstract: Importance: Autoantibodies against @entity32274 ( @entity32274 ) are observed in several @entity16 , including @entity12296 ( @entity12296 ), @entity1644 ( @entity1644 ), and @entity14204 . Objective: To characterize the clinical and biological presentations of patients with anti- @entity32274 antibodies in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Design, Setting, and @entity1 : We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis of 18 @entity1 who had anti- @entity32274 antibodies in their CSF between March 2009 and November 2015 at the Centre National de R  f  rence pour les Syndromes Neurologiques Paran  oplasiques in Lyon, France. Additionally, we analyzed 15 @entity1 who were diagnosed as having @entity12296 or @entity1644 as a comparative group. Main Outcomes and Measures: Clinical presentations, anti- @entity32274 antibodies specificities, brain magnetic resonance imaging, and CSF analyses, @entity5 prevalence, and evolution. Results: In this cohort of 18 patients with anti- @entity32274 antibodies in their CSF, 17 (94.4%) were male and had a median (range) age of 64.5 (53-75) years; in the second group, 9 of 15 @entity1 (60.0%) with @entity12296 or @entity1644 were male and had a median (range) age of 51 years (1 month to 75 years). Only 3 @entity1 (16.7%) in this cohort had a previous or concomitant history of @entity5 (prostate, hematological, or thyroid), whereas 9 @entity1 (60.0%) in the second group had a @entity5 . Symptoms of @entity14204 were observed in all @entity1 , including @entity410 in 16 @entity1 (88.9%) and @entity2414 in 17 @entity1 (94.4%) from the cohort. Extralimbic signs were also evident in 12 of 18 @entity1 (66.7%), including @entity6447 in 6 @entity1 (33.3%). Only 2 @entity1 (11.1%) from the cohort were diagnosed as having @entity12296 . Brain magnetic resonance imaging displayed T2-weighted temporolimbic abnormalities in 14 of 15 @entity1 (93.3%) in the second group. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis was abnormal in 9 of 12 @entity1 (75.0%). For 16 of 18 @entity1 (88.9%), follow-up was performed for at least a 6-month period (median [range], 34 [11-114] months). Of these, 15 (93.8%) improved and 6 (37.5%) relapsed. In all @entity1 in this cohort, IgG4 autoantibodies were detected in the CSF. Anti- @entity32274 antibodies in the CSF targeted the laminin G1 and discoidin domains of @entity32274 in all patients. Importantly, anti- @entity32274 antibodies were detected in the serum but not in the CSF of all @entity1 with @entity12296 or @entity1644 . Conclusions and Relevance: In this cohort study, anti- @entity32274 antibodies in the CSF are associated with a subtype of @entity14752 with prominent limbic involvement and @entity410 that is rarely associated with @entity5 . Conversely, @entity1 with @entity12296 and @entity1644 have anti- @entity32274 antibodies only in the serum but not in the CSF and frequently present with a @entity5 . The anti- @entity32274 antibodies found in these @entity1 targeted the discoidin and laminin G1 domains of @entity32274 and always included IgG4 autoantibodies.

title: Characterization of a Subtype of @entity14752 With Anti- @entity32274 Antibodies in the Cerebrospinal Fluid, Prominent Limbic Symptoms, and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['temporal lobe seizures', 'seizures']

entities_list: @entity1644 :: ('MESH:D013595', 'Disease') :: ['Morvan syndrome', 'MoS']

entities_list: @entity32274 :: ('26047', 'Gene') :: ['CASPR2', 'contactin-associated protein-like 2']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant thymoma', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological syndromes']

entities_list: @entity12296 :: ('MESH:D020386', 'Disease') :: ['neuromyotonia', 'NMT']

entities_list: @entity14752 :: ('MESH:C535841', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune encephalitis']

entities_list: @entity6447 :: ('MESH:D002524', 'Disease') :: ['cerebellar ataxia']

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['memory disorders']

entities_list: @entity14204 :: ('MESH:D020363', 'Disease') :: ['limbic encephalitis']

answer: @entity410 :: (MESH:D012640,Disease) :: ['Seizures']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Circulatory instability with severe @entity551 frequently complicates liver transplantation in @entity1 with @entity305 . @entity5433 is found early in the course of the disease by analysis of beat-to-beat heart rate variability (HRV). The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of @entity4148 on intraoperative circulatory instability during liver transplantation for @entity305 . METHODS: Twenty-two @entity1 were evaluated at the Department of Medicine, Umea University Hospital, by spectral analysis of HRV and later received liver transplants at Huddinge University Hospital. The low-and high-frequency bands obtained by spectral analysis of HRV in the supine and upright positions, respectively, were used as representative of sympathetic and parasympathetic activity. Circulatory instability during transplantation was defined as a fall in systolic arterial blood pressure below 70 mmHg for more than 5 min during the preanhepatic phase. RESULTS: Both @entity943 preventing spectral analysis of HRV and a sympathetic variability peak below 2.5 mHz2 were significantly more common among @entity1 with intraoperative circulatory instability (P=0.03 and 0. 004, respectively). A diminished increase in pulse rate when tilting the @entity1 from the supine to the upright position was also more pronounced among @entity1 with circulatory instability (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The majority of @entity1 who will develop circulatory instability with a pronounced fall in arterial blood pressure can be identified by Poincare plots of R-R intervals and spectral analysis of HRV. A low sympathetic peak or @entity943 precluding spectral analysis of HRV is significantly related to operative circulatory instability.

title: Impact of XXXX on circulatory instability during liver transplantation for @entity305 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmia']

entities_list: @entity305 :: ('MESH:D011115', 'Disease') :: ['familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy']

entities_list: @entity4148 :: ('MESH:D001342', 'Disease') :: ['autonomic neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity5433 :: ('MESH:C563939', 'Disease') :: ['Autonomic dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

answer: @entity4148 :: (MESH:D001342,Disease) :: ['autonomic neuropathy']


abstract: The two multifunctional cytochrome P450 enzymes, CYP79A1 and CYP71E1, involved in the biosynthesis of the cyanogenic @entity27371 dhurrin in @entity1101 have been characterized with respect to substrate specificity and cofactor requirements using reconstituted, recombinant enzymes and @entity1101 microsomes. CYP79A1 has a very high substrate specificity, @entity669 being the only substrate found. CYP71E1 has less stringent substrate requirements and metabolizes aromatic oximes efficiently, whereas aliphatic @entity5141 are slowly metabolized. Neither CYP79A1 nor CYP71E1 catalyze the metabolism of a range of different herbicides. The reported resistance of @entity1101 to bentazon is therefore not linked to the presence of CYP79A1 or CYP71E1. @entity1110 is a much better cofactor than @entity2125 although @entity2125 does support the entire catalytic cycle of both P450 enzymes. Km and Vmax values for @entity1110 when supporting CYP71E1 activity are 0.013 mM and 111 nmol/mg protein/s. For @entity2125 , the corresponding values are 0. 3 mM and 42 nmol/mg protein/s. CYP79A1 is a fairly stable enzyme. In contrast, CYP71E1 is labile and prone to rapid denaturation at room temperature. CYP71E1 is isolated in the low spin form. CYP71E1 catalyzes an unusual dehydration reaction of an @entity5140 to the corresponding @entity7575 which subsequently is C-hydroxylated. The @entity5140 forms a peculiar reverse Type I spectrum, whereas the @entity7575 forms a Type I spectrum. Several compounds which do not serve as substrates formed Type I substrate binding spectra with the two P450 enzymes.

title: Substrate specificity of the cytochrome P450 enzymes CYP79A1 and CYP71E1 involved in the biosynthesis of the cyanogenic @entity27371 dhurrin in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1101 :: ('4558', 'Species') :: ['Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench', 'sorghum']

entities_list: @entity7575 :: ('CHEBI:18379', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrile']

entities_list: @entity27371 :: ('CHEBI:24278', 'Chemical') :: ['glucoside']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

answer: @entity1101 :: (4558,Species) :: ['Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench']


abstract: The GlnK and GlnB proteins are members of the pII signal transduction protein family, which is essential in @entity1568 regulation due to this protein family's ability to sense internal cellular @entity3104 levels and control cellular response. The role of GlnK in @entity1568 regulation has been studied in a variety of bacteria but previously has been uncharacterized in the purple nonsulfur anoxygenic phototropic bacterium @entity16993 . @entity16993 has tremendous metabolic versatility in its modes of energy generation and @entity505 metabolism, and it employs a sensitive @entity1568 - @entity3104 regulation system that may vary from that of other commonly studied bacteria. In @entity16993 , there are three annotated forms of pII proteins: GlnK1, GlnK2, and GlnB. Here we describe, for the first time, the characterization of GlnK1, GlnK2, and GlnB modifications as a response to @entity1568 availability, thereby providing information about how this bacterium regulates the AmtB @entity3104 transporter and @entity1160 synthetase, which controls the rate of @entity2227 to @entity1160 conversion. Using a strategy of creating C-terminally tagged GlnK and GlnB proteins followed by tandem affinity purification in combination with top-down mass spectrometry, four isoforms of the GlnK2 and GlnB proteins and two isoforms of the GlnK1 protein were characterized at high resolution and mass accuracy. Wild-type or endogenous expression of all three proteins was also examined under normal @entity3104 conditions and @entity3104 starvation to ensure that the tagging and affinity purification methods employed did not alter the natural state of the proteins. All three proteins were found to undergo uridylylation under @entity3104 starvation conditions, presumably to regulate the AmtB @entity3104 transporter and @entity1160 synthetase. Under high- @entity3104 conditions, the GlnK1, GlnK2, and GlnB proteins are unmodified. This experimental protocol involving high-resolution mass spectrometry measurements of intact proteins provides a powerful method of examining the posttranslational modifications that play a crucial role in both the regulation of the AmtB @entity3104 transporter and @entity1160 synthetase within @entity16993 .

title: Characterization of pII family (GlnK1, GlnK2, and GlnB) protein uridylylation in response to @entity1568 availability for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen']

entities_list: @entity2227 :: ('CHEBI:29987', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamate']

entities_list: @entity1160 :: ('CHEBI:28300', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamine']

entities_list: @entity16993 :: ('1076', 'Species') :: ['R. palustris', 'Rhodopseudomonas palustris']

entities_list: @entity3104 :: ('MESH:D000644', 'Chemical') :: ['ammonium']

answer: @entity16993 :: (1076,Species) :: ['Rhodopseudomonas palustris']


abstract: Total @entity1700 is a rare form of @entity299 . It usually presents in the neonatal period, although later presentation, including in adulthood, is known to occur. We could not find any accounts of adult survivors with the undiagnosed disease becoming pregnant. We describe the case of a 19-year-old Bengali primiparous @entity1 who arrived in the UK at 27 weeks' gestation and needed an urgent caesarean section for intrauterine growth restriction at 34 weeks' gestation. Uncorrected @entity299 was diagnosed at this time although the exact nature of the pathology was not clear. She underwent an uncomplicated caesarean section using a combined spinal-epidural technique with invasive monitoring. Intrathecal 0.5% hyperbaric @entity1341 0.7 mL and @entity3575 25 microg were sufficient for surgery. She remained cardiovascularly stable throughout the procedure and a female @entity1 was successfully delivered. She underwent corrective cardiac surgery 14 months after delivery. To our knowledge, this is the first report of caesarean section in a @entity1 with uncorrected total @entity1700 . In this case, regional anaesthesia was successfully used.

title: Uncorrected total XXXX in pregnancy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity1700 :: ('MESH:D012587', 'Disease') :: ['anomalous pulmonary venous drainage']

entities_list: @entity1341 :: ('MESH:D002045', 'Chemical') :: ['bupivacaine']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['congenital heart disease']

entities_list: @entity3575 :: ('MESH:D005283', 'Chemical') :: ['fentanyl']

answer: @entity1700 :: (MESH:D012587,Disease) :: ['anomalous pulmonary venous drainage']


abstract: We report 14 @entity1 (9 males, 5 females) aged 15-59 years, treated for @entity5 . These @entity1 were observed during the 1966-1990 period along with 68 other @entity1 presenting benign @entity1911 . From the initial general presentation of the 14 @entity1 , two groups could be individualized. In seven @entity1 , the initial presentation seemed benign. After the excision, the recovery was complete, but @entity1 recurred on average 7.8 yr later (range 1-22 yr). @entity5 were intraadrenal in six cases (5 single, 1 bilateral) and extraadrenal in one case. In the seven remaining @entity1 , @entity5 was evident from the first examination. The @entity5 were intraadrenal in 2 cases, extraadrenal in 5 cases. Frequency of extraadrenal locations (6/14) was in this series significantly higher than in benign forms (9/68). Diagnosis of @entity5 was based on @entity3 in 12 cases (lymph nodes in 5, bones in 5, liver in 4, lung in 2, brain in 1) and on peritumoral extension in 2 cases. No biological specificity was detected in urinary excretion of @entity2661 or its metabolites. In 6 @entity1 so far studied, an uptake of 131I MIBG was found in the @entity5 and/or @entity3 . Four @entity1 received therapeutic doses of 131I MIBG and in three of them, this treatment led to a good result within a follow-up range of 12 to 66 months.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: XXXX : a series of 14 cases observed between 1966 and 1990.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1911 :: ('MESH:D010673', 'Disease') :: ['pheochromocytomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumors', 'malignant pheochromocytoma', 'malignancy', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity2661 :: ('MESH:D002395', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamines']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Malignant pheochromocytoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of a method of Selective Decontamination of the Digestive Tract (SDD) on colonization, @entity580 ( @entity580 ), bacterial resistance, mortality and economic costs. DESIGN: Randomized, double blind, placebo controlled study. SETTING: Polyvalent intensive care unit (ICU) of a tertiary care hospital with 27 beds. @entity1 : 101 @entity1 with > 3 days of mechanical ventilation and > 5 days of stay, without @entity281 at the start of the study. 47 belonged to the @entity15296 ( @entity15296 ) and 54 to the Placebo Group (PG). INTERVENTIONS: The @entity15296 was given Cefotaxime i.v. (6 g/day) for the first four days and an association of Polymyxin E, @entity2890 and @entity2379 at the oropharyngeal and gastrointestinal level throughout the whole stay. RESULTS: In the @entity15296 , colonization by gram-negative agents at oropharyngeal, tracheal and gastrointestinal level fell significantly. There was a significant drop in the overall, respiratory and urinary @entity580 (26% vs 63%, p < 0.001; 15% vs 46%, p < 0.001; 9% vs 31%, p < 0.01). The overall mortality and @entity580 related mortality was less in the @entity15296 (21% vs 44%, p < 0.05; 2% vs 20%, p < 0.01). The economic costs, mechanical ventilation time and length of stay were similar. The percentage of bacterial isolations resistant to @entity3524 and @entity2890 was greater in the @entity15296 (38% vs 15% and 38% vs 9%, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: colonization by gram-negative bacilli, @entity580 and the mortality related to it can be modified by SDD. Continuous bacteriological surveillance is necessary.

title: Prevention of XXXX in critically ill @entity1 by selective decontamination of the digestive tract. A randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity2890 :: ('MESH:D014031', 'Chemical') :: ['Tobramycin']

entities_list: @entity2379 :: ('MESH:D000666', 'Chemical') :: ['Amphotericin B']

entities_list: @entity3524 :: ('MESH:D002439', 'Chemical') :: ['Cefotaxime']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity15296 :: ('MESH:D019553', 'Disease') :: ['TG', 'Treated Group']

entities_list: @entity580 :: ('MESH:D003428', 'Disease') :: ['NI', 'nosocomial infection']

answer: @entity580 :: (MESH:D003428,Disease) :: ['nosocomial infection']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Spondyloarthropathies (SpA) are a group of @entity627 comprising ossification and @entity32 of entheseal tissue, the region where @entity924 attaches onto bone. Interleukin (IL)-23 is involved in the pathogenesis of SpA by acting on @entity34930 ( @entity34930 ) expressed on enthesis-resident lymphocytes. Upon @entity14293 binding, CD3(+) CD4(-) CD8(-) tissue-resident lymphocytes secrete @entity636 and @entity16821 , leading to @entity32 , @entity604 , and ossification. Still, our knowledge about enthesis-resident lymphocytes remains fragmentary, in particular the contribution of entheseal y   T cells is not clear. METHODS: We used two-photon microscopy and flow cytometric analysis of entheseal lymphocytes from C57BL/6, @entity10988 -H2BeGFP, Rorc-GFP and @entity34930 -eGFP @entity19 . To analyze entheseal y   T cells in @entity14293 -induced @entity32 , @entity10988 -H2BeGFP @entity19 were crossed to the susceptible B10.RIII background. Hydrodynamic injection of @entity14293 minicircle DNA was performed for overexpression of @entity14293 and induction of @entity32 . Light-sheet fluorescence microscopy was applied to visualize arthritic @entity32 . RESULTS: Activated Vy6(+) CD27(-) y   T cells are abundant in non-inflamed entheseal tissue and constitute the large majority of RORyt(+) @entity34930 (+) enthesis-resident lymphocytes. Fetal thymus-dependent y   T cells are the main source of @entity636 at the enthesis. Under inflammatory conditions, y   T cells increase in numbers at the Achilles @entity924 enthesis, aortic root, and adjacent to the ciliary body. CONCLUSION: Entheseal y   T cells are derived from fetal thymus and are maintained as self-renewing tissue-resident cells. As main @entity636 producers within tissues exposed to mechanical stress including enthesis, y   T cells are key players in the pathogenesis of @entity14293 -induced @entity32 . This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: @entity14293 -dependent y   T cells produce XXXX and accumulate in enthesis, aortic valve, and ciliary body.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation', 'local inflammation']

entities_list: @entity627 :: ('MESH:D012216', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatic diseases']

entities_list: @entity604 :: ('MESH:D016301', 'Disease') :: ['bone loss']

answer: @entity636 :: (16171(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['IL-17']


abstract: @entity9321 ( @entity9321 ) is an @entity121 that is caused by mutations in the slow/beta cardiac myosin heavy-chain ( @entity9741 ) gene. It has been recently reported that @entity9321 presents with a wide range of clinical manifestations. We herein report a large Chinese family with @entity121 . The affected individuals in the family presented with foot drop in early childhood, along with progressive @entity425 . Their characteristic symptoms include scapular winging and @entity1635 in the early disease phase and @entity4764 in the advanced phase. Although @entity17325 ( @entity17325 ) was suspected initially, a definite diagnosis could not be reached. As such, we performed linkage analysis and detected four linkage regions, namely 1q23.2-24.1, 14q11.2-12, 15q26.2-26.3 and 17q24.3. Through subsequent whole exome sequencing, we found a de novo @entity38079 causative mutation in the @entity9741 gene and diagnosed the disease as @entity9321 . This is the first @entity9321 case in China. Our @entity1 have severe clinical manifestations that mimic @entity17325 in comparison with the @entity1 with the same mutation reported elsewhere.

title: A de novo mutation of the XXXX gene in a large Chinese family with @entity121 .

entities_list: @entity9321 :: ('MESH:D049310', 'Disease') :: ['Laing distal myopathy', 'LDM']

entities_list: @entity1635 :: ('MESH:D012600', 'Disease') :: ['scoliosis']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['distal and proximal limb weakness']

entities_list: @entity17325 :: ('MESH:D049288', 'Disease') :: ['LGMD', 'limb-girdle muscle dystrophy']

entities_list: @entity4764 :: ('MESH:D051346', 'Disease') :: ['impairment of ambulation']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['autosomal dominant myopathy']

answer: @entity9741 :: (4625,Gene) :: ['MYH7']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of treating central or paramedian disc herniations of the upper lumbar levels, including the thoracolumbar junction, through the oblique paraspinal approach. We published a technical case report on this subject in 2004. METHODS: Nineteen consecutive @entity1 with @entity890 of the upper lumbar levels underwent the oblique paraspinal approach, which utilizes an operating microscope, from March 2005 through January 2008. Their clinical and radiological data were collected and analyzed. The @entity1 were assessed with standard examinations preoperatively and evaluated with dynamic lumbar x-rays, 3-dimensional computed tomographic scans, magnetic resonance imaging, standard @entity158 and disability measurements, a visual analogue scale, the @entity717 index, and a @entity1 satisfaction rate that checked their @entity158 scores postoperatively. RESULTS: The average follow-up period was 28.1 months, with a maximum of 48 months. The @entity615 and the @entity717 index, which recorded a preoperative mean of 6.7%, 7.2%, and 64.7% and a postoperative mean of 3.2%, 3.0%, and 21.47%, respectively, showed statistically significant improvement at the time of the last follow-up evaluation, compared with preoperative scores. There have been neither recurrent disc herniations nor spinal instability during the follow-up period. CONCLUSION: In this study, 19 cases of @entity890 at the upper lumbar levels, including the thoracolumbar junction, were successfully excised with the oblique paraspinal approach without recurrence or instability. We found that the oblique paraspinal approach, which resulted in satisfactory clinical outcomes with few complications, could be one of the main surgical procedures used to treat @entity890 at the upper lumbar levels.

title: Surgical results of the oblique paraspinal approach in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity615 :: ('MESH:D001416', 'Disease') :: ['visual analogue scale for back and leg pain']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['Oswestry disability']

entities_list: @entity890 :: ('MESH:D007405', 'Disease') :: ['intracanalicular disc herniations']

answer: @entity890 :: (MESH:D007405,Disease) :: ['upper lumbar disc herniation and thoracolumbar junction']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Previous laboratory studies have shown that @entity1808 is produced locally in the @entity35 internal anal sphincter causing potent contraction. The aim of this first @entity1 study was to evaluate the safety and manometric effects of topical application of @entity3371 (an @entity1289 inhibitor) on the resting anal pressure in healthy adult volunteers. METHODS: Ten volunteers, mean age 32.5 years (range, 19-48 years), underwent anorectal manometric evaluation of the mean anal resting pressure ( @entity4788 ) and the length of the high-pressure zone (HPZ) before 20 and 60 min after topical application of @entity3371 (0.28 %) cream. Cardiovascular variables (systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and pulse) were measured before and for up to 1 h after cream application. Side effects were recorded. Adverse events and @entity1 comfort after the cream application were evaluated within a 24-h period by completing a questionnaire. RESULTS: There was no significant change overall in @entity4788 following @entity3371 administration, although in half the @entity1 , there were reductions in @entity4788 after treatment. Half the @entity1 had a reduction in the mean resting HPZ length; however, there was no overall difference between pre- and post-treatment values. There was no effect on basic cardiovascular parameters and no correlation between manometric and cardiovascular variables. CONCLUSIONS: Topical application of @entity3371 cream may result in a reduction in @entity4788 in volunteers without @entity66 . Its use is associated with minimal side effects. It may be a new potential therapeutic option in the treatment of anal fissure. Further studies are required to determine the optimal concentration, dose and frequency of application.

title: The effect of topical anal XXXX on resting anal pressure in healthy volunteers: the first @entity1 pilot study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['anorectal disease']

entities_list: @entity3371 :: ('CHEBI:3380', 'Chemical') :: ['captopril']

answer: @entity3371 :: (CHEBI:3380,Chemical) :: ['captopril']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 carries a poor prognosis. The 5-year survival rate following resection ranges from 10 to 35 per cent. Recent evidence suggests that the addition of non-surgical treatments to surgery may improve resection rates, reduce the risk of recurrence and improve survival. This review examines the role of preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in @entity5 . METHODS: A Medline-based literature review (1980-2000) was performed using the key words 'neoadjuvant or preoperative' and 'chemoradiotherapy or radiochemotherapy'. Additional literature was obtained from original papers and published meeting abstracts. RESULTS: Forty-six non-randomized and six randomized trials of preoperative CRT were found. Resection rates, pathological complete response (pCR), treatment-related mortality rates and relapse patterns are documented. Improved 5-year survival rates approaching 60 per cent may be achieved following pCR. Three of the six randomized trials show a benefit in either overall survival or disease-free survival compared with surgery alone. Treatment-related @entity137 can be significant. CONCLUSION: Preoperative CRT may improve survival. Emerging evidence suggests that CRT alone can achieve similar survival rates to surgery alone. New imaging modalities may help to select which @entity1 require surgery. Larger randomized trials of preoperative CRT or chemotherapy are needed to define optimal regimens and produce higher pCR rates with acceptable @entity137 .

title: Preoperative (neoadjuvant) chemoradiotherapy in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['oesophageal cancer', 'Oesophageal cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['oesophageal cancer']


abstract: @entity2976 ( @entity2976 ) is a devastating complication of @entity298 ( @entity298 ), characterized by marked @entity32 and severe @entity82 of the peritoneum, and associated with high morbidity and mortality. @entity2976 can occur years after termination of @entity298 and, in severe cases, leads to @entity1321 and ileus requiring surgical intervention. Despite ongoing research, the pathogenesis of @entity2976 remains unclear. We performed a global transcriptome analysis of peritoneal tissue specimens from @entity2976 @entity1 , @entity298 @entity1 without @entity2976 , and uremic @entity1 without history of @entity298 or @entity2976 ( @entity1381 ). Unsupervised and supervised bioinformatics analysis revealed distinct transcriptional patterns that discriminated these three clinical groups. The analysis identified a signature of 219 genes expressed differentially in @entity2976 as compared to @entity298 and @entity1381 groups. Canonical pathway analysis of differentially expressed genes showed enrichment in several pathways, including antigen presentation, dendritic cell maturation, B cell development, chemokine signaling and humoral and cellular immunity (P value<0.05). Further interactive network analysis depicted effects of @entity2976 -associated genes on networks linked to @entity32 , immunological response, and cell proliferation. Gene expression changes were confirmed by qRT-PCR for a subset of the differentially expressed genes. @entity2976 @entity1 tissues exhibited elevated expression of genes encoding @entity19922 , @entity3499 , @entity8946 and alpha smooth muscle actin, among many others, while in @entity2976 and @entity298 tissues mRNAs encoding leptin and @entity19845 were markedly down-regulated, compared to @entity1381 group @entity1 . Immunolocalization of Collagen 1 alpha 1 revealed that @entity13239 protein was predominantly expressed in the submesothelial compact zone of @entity2976 @entity1 peritoneal samples, whereas @entity298 @entity1 peritoneal samples exhibited homogenous @entity13239 staining throughout the tissue samples. The results are compatible with the hypothesis that encapsulating peritoneal @entity1463 is a distinct pathological process from the simple peritoneal @entity82 that accompanies all @entity298 treatment.

title: Transcriptional patterns in peritoneal tissue of encapsulating peritoneal XXXX , a complication of chronic @entity298 .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity2976 :: ('MESH:D056627', 'Disease') :: ['Encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis', 'EPS']

entities_list: @entity19845 :: ('5950', 'Gene') :: ['retinol-binding protein 4']

entities_list: @entity1463 :: ('MESH:D012598', 'Disease') :: ['sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity1321 :: ('MESH:D007415', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal obstruction']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['peritoneal dialysis', 'PD']

answer: @entity1463 :: (MESH:D012598,Disease) :: ['sclerosis']


abstract: AIMS: Previous studies revealed that >/=70% or <30% ST segment elevation resolution 180 min after the start of thrombolysis is a strong predictor of either favourable or poor outcome. The aim of this study was to compare the prognostic value of ST segment elevation resolution at 90 and 180 min after the start of streptokinase infusion. METHODS AND RESULTS: The @entity39286 study of 1208 @entity1 compared streptokinase therapy in conjunction with either r-hirudin or heparin. Complete ST segment elevation resolution (>/=70%) at 90 and 180 min identified 25% and 50%, respectively, of all @entity1 with a 30 day cardiac mortality of less than 2%. Forty-four percent of @entity1 had no ST segment elevation resolution (<30%) at 90 min and the 30 day cardiac mortality was 7.3%. At 180 min, the no ST segment elevation resolution group decreased to 15% of all @entity1 while the mortality risk increased to 13.6%. CONCLUSIONS: ST segment elevation resolution is a useful tool for early risk stratification and the strategy of rescue angioplasty. Complete ST segment elevation resolution within 180 min of the start of streptokinase therapy indicates excellent survival prospects in 50% of @entity1 . A half of these low risk @entity1 can be identified at 90 min. A high risk group appears to be best characterized by no ST segment elevation resolution at 180 min rather than at 90 min.

title: Comparison of the predictive value of ST segment elevation resolution at 90 and 180 min after start of streptokinase in acute myocardial infarction. A substudy of the XXXX study.

entities_list: @entity39286 :: ('146434', 'Gene') :: ['Hirudin for Improvement of Thrombolysis (HIT)-4']

answer: @entity39286 :: (146434,Gene) :: ['hirudin for improvement of thrombolysis (HIT)-4']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of intradiscal @entity6693 (MB) injection in @entity1 with chronic @entity1643 . METHOD: Twenty @entity1 with @entity1643 (4 males, 16 females; mean age 45.6 years) refractory to conservative management were recruited. All subjects underwent MB injection in target lumbar intervertebral discs confirmed by provocative discography. The clinical outcome was assessed by visual analog scale (VAS) and @entity717 index (ODI) at baseline and 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after treatment. Successful outcome was described as minimum of 2 points reduction in @entity158 intensity compared with the baseline. RESULTS: VAS and ODI significantly decreased after one injection. The average VAS and ODI were reduced significantly from 5.1 and 38.0 at baseline to 3.2 and 27.4 at 3 months after injection (p<0.05). However, the mean score of VAS at 12 month follow-up was 4.5 and we could not observe any difference between 12 months after injection and pretreatment. Eleven of twenty @entity1 (55%) reported successful outcomes after intradiscal MB injection at 3 month follow up and the average VAS was reduced by 3.3  1.1 (p<0.05). At the time of 12 month follow up, @entity158 had relapsed in 6 @entity1 who have had satisfactory effect at 3 month follow up. Successful outcome was maintained in only 5 @entity1 (20%) for 1 year. CONCLUSION: The intradiscal MB injection is a short-term effective minimally invasive treatment indicated for @entity615 but it may lose its effectiveness long-term.

title: Effect of Intradiscal @entity6693 Injection for the Chronic Discogenic Low Back XXXX : One Year Prospective Follow-up Study.

entities_list: @entity1643 :: ('MESH:D017116', 'Disease') :: ['discogenic low back pain']

entities_list: @entity6693 :: ('MESH:D008751', 'Chemical') :: ['methylene blue']

entities_list: @entity615 :: ('MESH:D001416', 'Disease') :: ['discogenic back pain']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['Pain']


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: The permeability of intestinal epithelial monolayers increases after exposure to @entity842 . The aim of this study was to investigate the role of excessive NO production on intestinal barrier function in @entity35 injected with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). METHODS: @entity35 were injected with saline or LPS (5 mg/ kg). Bacterial translocation to mesenteric lymph nodes, liver, and spleen was assessed 24 hours after LPS injection. Mucosal permeability was determined by loading @entity941 -labeled dextran (mol wt, 4000 daltons) into an intestinal segment and measuring its appearance in plasma. Intestinal mucosal mitochondrial respiration was assessed using @entity2454 . RESULTS: Intestinal tissue from LPS-challenged @entity35 showed upregulation of @entity1506 ( @entity1506 ) messenger RNA expression and subsequent up-regulation of @entity1506 enzymatic activity. Plasma concentrations of @entity3542 plus @entity1507 ( @entity6836 -/ @entity8326 ) were increased for at least 24 hours after injection of LPS. Treatment with the selective @entity1506 inhibitor, @entity5118 , inhibited @entity1506 enzymatic activity and overproduction of @entity6836 -/ @entity8326 . LPS-induced bacterial translocation was reduced by @entity5118 . LPS-induced @entity1944 was ameliorated by both @entity5118 and another selective @entity1506 inhibitor, @entity2825 . LPS depressed intestinal mucosal mitochondrial function, and this effect was ameliorated by @entity5118 . CONCLUSIONS: Overproduction of NO may contribute to intestinal barrier dysfunction in LPS challenged @entity35 , possibly by interfering with mitochondrial oxidative metabolism.

title: Inhibition of inducible @entity842 synthase ameliorates endotoxin-induced gut mucosal barrier dysfunction in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1944 :: ('MESH:D007410', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal hyperpermeability']

entities_list: @entity5118 :: ('MESH:C004479', 'Chemical') :: ['aminoguanidine']

entities_list: @entity2825 :: ('MESH:C027744', 'Chemical') :: ['S-methylisothiourea']

entities_list: @entity1506 :: ('24599(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['inducible NO synthase', 'iNOS']

entities_list: @entity3542 :: ('CHEBI:16301', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrite']

entities_list: @entity1507 :: ('CHEBI:48107', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrate']

entities_list: @entity2454 :: ('MESH:C022616', 'Chemical') :: ['3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity941 :: ('MESH:D019793', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorescein']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: Respiratory rehabilitation is defined as a medical practice including a multidisciplinary medical program fitting each individual. Personalized retraining by means of exercises, is the master part of it, its aim is to improve the physical fitness in specialised institution then to maintain it when he becomes an out @entity1 . In both cases, this retraining complies with strict rules concerning the mode of exercises (imposed power--duration of sessions--weekly frequency--progressiveness of overloading ...). This codification rests mainly on the recommendations of the American College of Sports Medicine. The choice of intensity at the beginning of the stay will be determined either by the maximal reserve of cardiac frequency or by the ventilatory threshold. This training has to involve extensive muscular mass and must not neglect the upper limbs. Ventilatory physiotherapy also plays an important part. The other components of rehabilitation concern optimisation of bronchodilator treatment, cessation of smoking, health education, physical education and relaxation, appraisal of nutritional status, assessment of therapeutic programs, of the quality of life and a long-term program for reinforcement of acquisitions. The therapeutic programs improve ventilatory performance, maximal @entity26 intake, maximal tolerated power and quality of life. An adaptation of the St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire to @entity1 hosted at the TOKI EDER Medical Center points out that the quality of life of @entity1 with chronic @entity1576 is improved very highly significantly by this rehabilitation.

title: [The rehabilitation of chronic XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory failure']

answer: @entity1576 :: (MESH:D012131,Disease) :: ['respiratory insufficiency']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Italian Legislative Decree No. 81/2008 foresees the involvement of a "specialised physician" in activities for the promotion of health at the workplace. OBJECTIVES: These activities are aimed at modifying erroneous lifestyles (such as smoking, drinking, bad diet, etc.) which are responsible for serious illnesses and also for repercussions on the assessment of fitness for a specific task. Obesity, as we know, represents the major risk factor in the onset of metabolic, neoplastic, cardiovascular and @entity1576 and also in the increased incidence of accidents at the workplace and sick absence. METHODS: A specific questionnaire was administered to 700 health care workers of a Hospital in Catania to estimate the incidence of factors which favour the onset of these diseases: factors such as familiarity, @entity4903 ( @entity6 , @entity1375 ), shift work and little physical exercise. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Statistical processing of the data confirmed, partially, that little physical exercise, @entity1375 , @entity6 , familiarity in the > 36 age group were the major risk factors in the onset of @entity28 , as reported in the literature. However, contrary to the literature reports, shift work did not seem to be a risk factor in the sample under study. A programme of rehabilitation, on a @entity2798 , will be offered to those workers who are overweight/ @entity28 . This programme will involve professionals such as nutritionists, endocrinologists and psychologists, and it will aim at improving workers' health conditions as well as their work performance.

title: [Health promotion and XXXX in the workplace among health care workers of a hospital in Catania (Italy)].

entities_list: @entity1375 :: ('MESH:D007037', 'Disease') :: ['hypothyroidism']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obese', 'obesity']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory diseases']

entities_list: @entity4903 :: ('MESH:D004700', 'Disease') :: ['endocrinal dysfunction problems']

entities_list: @entity2798 :: ('MESH:D009155', 'Disease') :: ['voluntary basis']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obesity']


abstract: The ability to discriminate between different chemical stimuli is crucial for food detection, spatial orientation and other adaptive behaviours in animals. In the @entity2199 @entity2199 , spatial orientation in gradients of soluble chemoattractants (chemotaxis) is controlled mainly by a single pair of chemosensory neurons. These two neurons, ASEL and ASER, are left-right homologues in terms of the disposition of their somata and processes, morphology of specialized sensory endings, synaptic partners and expression profile of many genes. However, recent gene-expression studies have revealed unexpected asymmetries between ASEL and ASER. ASEL expresses the putative receptor guanylyl cyclase genes @entity44413 and @entity44414 , whereas ASER expresses @entity44415 (ref. 4). In addition, only ASEL expresses the homeobox gene @entity44416 , an orthologue of the @entity1 @entity19069 subfamily of homeobox genes. Here we show, using laser ablation of neurons and whole-cell patch-clamp electrophysiology, that the asymmetries between ASEL and ASER extend to the functional level. ASEL is primarily sensitive to @entity1372 , whereas ASER is primarily sensitive to @entity2865 and @entity972 . Furthermore, we find that @entity44416 is required for this functional asymmetry and for the ability to distinguish @entity1372 from @entity2865 . Thus, a homeobox gene increases the representational capacity of the nervous system by establishing asymmetric functions in a bilaterally symmetrical neuron pair.

title: The homeobox gene XXXX is required for distinct chemosensory representations in @entity2199 .

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

entities_list: @entity2199 :: ('6239', 'Species') :: ['nematode', 'Caenorhabditis elegans']

entities_list: @entity2865 :: ('CHEBI:17996', 'Chemical') :: ['chloride']

answer: @entity44416 :: (180459(Tax:6239),Gene) :: ['lim-6']


abstract: Accurate @entity5 classification is fundamental to inform predictive biomarker testing and optimize therapy. Gene expression-based tests are proposed as diagnostic aids in cases with uncertain diagnoses. This study directly compared the diagnostic accuracy of IHC analysis versus molecular classification using a 92-gene RT-PCR assay for determination of the primary @entity5 site. This prospectively defined blinded study of diagnostically challenging cases included 131 high-grade, primarily @entity3 . Cases were reviewed and reference diagnoses established through clinical correlation. Blinded FFPE sections were evaluated by either IHC/morphology analysis or the 92-gene assay. The final analysis included 122 cases. The 92-gene assay demonstrated overall accuracy of 79% (95% CI, 71% to 85%) for @entity5 classification versus 69% (95% CI, 60% to 76%) for IHC/morphology analysis (P = 0.019). Mean IHC use was 7.9 stains per case (median, 8; range, 2 to 15). IHC/morphology analysis accuracy was 79%, 80%, and 46% when 1 to 6 (n = 42), 7 to 9 (n = 41), and >9 (n = 39) IHC stains were used, respectively, versus 81%, 85%, and 69%, respectively, with the 92-gene assay. Results from this blinded series of high-grade metastatic cases demonstrate superior accuracy with the 92-gene assay versus standard-of-care IHC analysis and strongly support the diagnostic utility of molecular classification in difficult-to-diagnose @entity5 .

title: Blinded comparator study of immunohistochemical analysis versus a 92-gene cancer classifier in the diagnosis of the primary site in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'metastatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic tumors']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['metastatic tumors']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Helical tomotherapy is a novel intensity-modulated radiotherapy modality with a helical 360   radiation delivery system and CT imaging ability. The purpose of this report is to review our initial experiences and to assess the @entity137 and efficacy of helical tomotherapy for @entity418 . METHODS: Twenty @entity1 with locally advanced @entity418 (T3-4 and/or N+ and/or M1a/b) were treated with helical tomotherapy. Radiotherapy included simultaneous 50 Gy to gross tumorous areas and 45 Gy to areas of suspected subclinical disease. All received combination chemotherapy. Ten @entity1 underwent surgical resection after completion of chemoradiation. Ten @entity1 were ineligible for surgery. RESULTS: The treatment was well-tolerated. There were no treatment-related @entity204 or Grade 4 @entity137 . Grade 3 @entity137 were noted in 9 of 20 @entity1 (45%). Down-staging was noted in 7 of 10 @entity1 (70%) who underwent surgery. The median follow-up time was 24.5 months. Eight @entity1 , including 3 with surgery and 5 without surgery, have died. The 1-year overall survival rates for the entire group, @entity1 with and without surgical resection are 80.0%, 100.0% and 60.0% respectively (log-rank p = 0.244, surgery versus no surgery). CONCLUSIONS: The regimen of combined chemoradiation by helical tomotherapy for locally advanced @entity418 is well-tolerated. The @entity137 profile compares favorably with that of protocols based on conventional approach and the preliminary indications of efficacy are encouraging.

title: Image-guided Radiotherapy Of Esophageal Cancer By Helical Tomotherapy: Acute XXXX And Preliminary Clinical Outcome.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity418 :: ('MESH:D004938', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal cancer']

answer: @entity137 :: (MESH:D064420,Disease) :: ['Toxicity']


abstract: Early effects of 10% full-thickness skin burn on subcutaneous tissue @entity4095 and PCO2 levels were studied in anesthetized @entity95 . Tissue gas tensions were determined by means of implanted Silastic tonometers in two different areas in each animal--the burn site itself, and an area remote from the injured tissue. @entity130 resulted in a rapid, progressive decrease of the tissue @entity4095 in both locations, with the greatest decrease at the burn site. The minimum @entity4095 levels were achieved 3-6 hours post burn. The POC2 values increased markedly both in the burn areas and in the distant tissues immediately after the @entity130 and reached their maximum within 1-3 hours post burn. The greatest accumulation of @entity544 occured at the burn site. Six hours after burn the tissue PCO2 levels had been normalized. During the 6-hour observation period the mean arterial @entity4095 of the burned animals increased gradually from 73 to 95 mmHg, while the mean arterial PCO2 decreased by more than 50% of the original level. The latter effect was probably caused by hyperventilation. Intra-arterial injection of 5 ml of arterial blood from a burned @entity95 into a control animal 3 hours post burn induced a significant decrease in cardiac output as well as decline in arterial, intraperitoneal, and tissue @entity4095 levels in the control @entity95 , probably due to a circulatory depressant factor(s) present in the burn blood. When the same test was carried out one hour post burn or with normal blood, no decrease in @entity26 tension occurred.

title: Acute effects of burn injury on tissue gas tensions in the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity95 :: ('9986', 'Species') :: ['rabbits', 'rabbit']

entities_list: @entity544 :: ('MESH:D002245', 'Chemical') :: ['carbon dioxide']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['Thermal injury', 'trauma']

answer: @entity95 :: (9986,Species) :: ['rabbit']


abstract: In adulthood, bone tissue is continuously renewed by processes governed by basic multicellular units composed of osteocytes, osteoclasts and osteoblasts, which are subjected to local mechanical loads. Osteocytes are known to be integrated mechanosensors that regulate the activation of the osteoclasts and osteoblasts involved in bone resorption and apposition processes, respectively. After collagen tissue apposition, a process of collagen mineralisation takes place, gradually increasing the effective stiffness of bone. This study presents a new model based on physicochemical parameters involved in spongy bone remodelling under pathological conditions. Our model simulates the transient evolution of both geometry and effective Young's modulus of the trabeculae, also taking turnover into account. Various loads were applied on a trabecula in order to determine the evolution of bone volume fraction under pathological conditions. A parametric study performed on the model showed that one key parameter here is the kinetic constant of @entity692 crystallisation. We subsequently tested our model on a pathological case approaching @entity170 , involving a decrease in the number of viable osteocytes present in bone. The model converges to a lower value (- 5%) for bone volume fraction than with a normal quantity of osteocytes. This useful tool offers new perspectives for predicting @entity79 on a local scale in @entity1 with pathological conditions such as @entity170 and in bedridden @entity1 , as well as for astronauts subjected to weightlessness in space.

title: XXXX remodelling under pathological conditions based on biochemical and mechanical processes involved in BMU activity.

entities_list: @entity692 :: ('MESH:D017886', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxyapatite']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone remodelling deficits']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis']

answer: @entity79 :: (MESH:D001847,Disease) :: ['Trabecular bone']


abstract: AIMS: To ascertain the outcome associated with antenatal @entity8 ; to recommend guidelines for postnatal investigation and determine an upper limit of normal for the anterioposterior dimensions of the fetal renal pelvis. METHODS: @entity1 whose antenatal ultrasound scan showed a fetal renal pelvis of 5 mm or greater were investigated using postnatal renal tract ultrasound and a micturating cystogram. Isotope studies were also performed, where appropriate. RESULTS: @entity3025 ( @entity3025 ), the most common diagnosis, was evident in 23/104 (22%). In 14 @entity1 with @entity3025 the postnatal ultrasound scan was normal. There was no evidence of @entity8 or @entity1141 in any of the refluxing kidneys. Other diagnoses were @entity4145 , @entity8 , and @entity1000 . Antenatal counselling and parental information facilitated postnatal assessment. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with antenatal renal pelvis measurements of 5 mm or greater should be investigated postnatally, as a significant percentage will have @entity3025 . A normal postnatal ultrasound scan does not preclude the presence of @entity3025 .

title: Prospective study of outcome in antenatally diagnosed XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['infants', 'Infants']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal pelvis dilatation', 'renal dysplasia', 'renal scarring']

entities_list: @entity3025 :: ('MESH:D014718', 'Disease') :: ['VUR', 'Vesicoureteric reflux']

entities_list: @entity1000 :: ('MESH:C536277', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic dilatation']

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity4145 :: ('MESH:C537373', 'Disease') :: ['pelviureteric junction obstruction']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['renal pelvis dilatation']


abstract: 2 @entity1 developed the @entity1985 several years after diagnoses of @entity1072 . In both cases light microscopy showed membranoproliferative @entity631 . Electron microscopy and immunofluorescent staining revealed electron-dense deposits and deposition of immunoglobulins and C3. Both @entity1 had @entity14033 . The eluted glomerular-bound protein contained IgG only. IgG in @entity1 ' sera, cryoglobulins, and kidney eluate had kappa light chains only. Immune complexes were detected in the sera and in the cryoglobulins by the Clq binding test. Immunoadsorption studies revealed anti-IgG antibodies in the @entity1 ' sera, cryoglobulin, and kidney eluate. Direct immunofluorescent studies using the @entity1 ' sera, cryoglobulins, and kidney eluate on frozen sections of @entity1 ' kidneys were positive, providing additional evidence for the immune complex nature of the @entity631 . The immunohistochemical studies of our @entity1 are suggestive of the presence of circulating IgG-anti-IgG immune complexes and their possible involvement in the pathogenesis of the @entity631 and the @entity1985 in these 2 cases.

title: Immune deposit nephritis and XXXX associated with @entity1072 . Evidence for a role of circulating IgG-anti-IgG immune complexes in the pathogenesis of the renal lesion.

entities_list: @entity14033 :: ('MESH:D003449', 'Disease') :: ['single-component IgG cryoglobulinemia']

entities_list: @entity1072 :: ('MESH:D015451', 'Disease') :: ['chronic lymphocytic leukemia']

entities_list: @entity1985 :: ('MESH:D009404', 'Disease') :: ['nephrotic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity631 :: ('MESH:D005921', 'Disease') :: ['glomerulonephritis']

answer: @entity14033 :: (MESH:D003449,Disease) :: ['single-component cryoglobulinemia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To describe the precise location of peripheral zone (PZ) @entity263 at various stages of development and to demonstrate their pattern of intraprostatic spread from their site of origin. METHODS: @entity5 defined as @entity5 located in peripheral zone (PZ) including the anterolateral part of PZ, were identified from radical prostatectomy specimens. @entity5 morphometric histopathological study included largest surface area, volume and spatial distribution. RESULTS: Out of 188 @entity5 , 179 were <4 cm(3) and 168 <2 cm(3). @entity5 were still confined to their zone of origin for volumes <2 cm(3). Between 2 and 4 cm(3), some @entity5 partially spread into the transition zone or anterior fibromuscular stroma. Sixty-four and 90% of @entity5 <4 cm(3) were located in the lower and posterior half of the gland respectively. Ten percent were located in the anterior horn of PZ. Overall, non-index (second) @entity5 were located in the ipsi and contolateral side of the index @entity5 (largest) in 31% and 69% of cases, respectively. Cancers <2 cm(3) were confined to one lobe in 164 of 168 (98%) cases and not confined in 3 out of 11 (27%) @entity5 2-4 cm(3). On @entity2270 , only @entity5 >or=2 cm(3) involved both apex and base. CONCLUSIONS: @entity5 contours and locations are predictable and conform to histological zone boundaries if <2 cm(3) in volume. Knowledge of @entity5 origin and pattern of spread in PZ are of importance for imaging diagnosis, guidance for biopsy and focal therapy.

title: XXXX : location and intraprostatic patterns of spread at histopathology.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'cancer', 'PZ cancers']

entities_list: @entity2270 :: ('MESH:C566610', 'Disease') :: ['vertical axis']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancers']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['Peripheral zone prostate cancers']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity13626 are uncommon primary @entity3478 . The sacrum is an uncommon site of involvement. We present a case of a large, technically challenging @entity13626 in a pediatric @entity1 that was managed with en-bloc resection and lumbo-sacral reconstruction showing long-term remission. CASE REPORT: A 15-year-old Hispanic male presented to our clinic in May 2006 with @entity1643 . Imaging revealed a large expansile and erosive mass at the S2 vertebral body. Definitive treatment of the lesion with en-bloc surgical resection was planned after a biopsy that confirmed @entity13626 . The @entity1 underwent pre-operative embolization and a same-day, two-stage resection of the @entity5 with lumbosacral instrumentation for pelvic reconstruction. The S1 nerve roots were sacrificed during en-bloc resection of the mass. Post-operatively, the @entity1 developed an @entity1494 without major @entity3481 . Subsequently, insertion of an artificial urinary sphincter and a colostomy were performed. At the five-year follow up, the @entity1 remains symptom free with no detectable recurrence. CONCLUSION: The sacrum is a known, but rare, location for an @entity13626 . We present a technically challenging case of a pediatric @entity1 with a large @entity13626 . We highlight the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to ensure a long-term, disease-free outcome.

title: Large XXXX : a case report and review of multi-disciplinary management strategies.

entities_list: @entity1643 :: ('MESH:D017116', 'Disease') :: ['low back pain']

entities_list: @entity13626 :: ('MESH:D018215', 'Disease') :: ['Osteoblastomas', 'osteoblastoma', 'sacral osteoblastoma']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['areflexic bladder']

entities_list: @entity3478 :: ('MESH:D001859', 'Disease') :: ['benign bone tumors']

entities_list: @entity3481 :: ('MESH:D015417', 'Disease') :: ['motor or sensory impairment']

answer: @entity13626 :: (MESH:D018215,Disease) :: ['sacral osteoblastoma']


abstract: Central @entity2010 is clinically masked in dialysis @entity1 . We report a 12-year-old @entity1 receiving a living-related donor graft for @entity177 from @entity3686 , in whom a @entity976 had been resected 6 months before transplantation. Pretransplant evaluation had documented @entity1375 , @entity2338 , and presumptive @entity6126 . The @entity6192 test had been normal. Four hours after transplantation, urine output exceeded 1,000 ml/h without diuretic therapy. Serum @entity1372 concentration was 155 mmol/l, serum osmolality 333 mmol/kg, and plasma antidiuretic hormone 4.9 ng/l, while urine osmolality was 233 mmol/kg. @entity7062 was started by continuous intravenous infusion at 1 microgram/day. Serum electrolytes rapidly normalized, urine output stabilized at 2 l/day. The @entity1 was discharged 4 weeks after transplantation with good allograft function, receiving intranasal @entity7062 10 micrograms twice daily. Pre-existing central @entity2010 is unmasked after successful kidney transplantation, leading to rapid @entity2700 and @entity3489 , which can be prevented by prompt institution of desmopressin therapy.

title: Perioperative management of central XXXX in kidney transplantation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['girl', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1375 :: ('MESH:D007037', 'Disease') :: ['central hypothyroidism']

entities_list: @entity2338 :: ('MESH:D004393', 'Disease') :: ['growth hormone deficiency']

entities_list: @entity7062 :: ('MESH:D003894', 'Chemical') :: ['Desmopressin acetate', 'desmopressin acetate']

entities_list: @entity2700 :: ('MESH:D003681', 'Disease') :: ['dehydration']

entities_list: @entity3686 :: ('MESH:D009394', 'Disease') :: ['Alport syndrome']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity6126 :: ('MESH:D007006', 'Disease') :: ['hypogonadotropic hypogonadism']

entities_list: @entity976 :: ('MESH:D003397', 'Disease') :: ['craniopharyngioma']

entities_list: @entity6192 :: ('1392', 'Gene') :: ['corticotropin-releasing factor']

entities_list: @entity3489 :: ('MESH:D006955', 'Disease') :: ['hypernatremia']

entities_list: @entity2010 :: ('MESH:D003919', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes insipidus']

answer: @entity2010 :: (MESH:D003919,Disease) :: ['diabetes insipidus']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To assess the efficacy and safety of a minimally invasive surgical procedure using a @entity7502 transobturator tape to treat female stress urinary @entity322 during a minimal follow-up of 1 year and to present a review of this technique. METHODS: A total of 206 @entity1 with stress urinary @entity322 who underwent the transobturator tape procedure in a French multicenter prospective open tracker study, with a minimal follow-up of 1 year (range 12 to 33 months), were assessed. A nonelastic, @entity7502 tape was placed under the mid-urethra. The surgical placement technique used a vaginal and transobturator percutaneous approach. Postoperative assessments included clinical examination, cough-stress test (full bladder), uroflowmetry, and postvoid residual urine volume performed after 1, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months. RESULTS: The mean follow-up was 16 months (range 12 to 33). Of the 206 @entity1 , 79.1% were completely cured, 13% improved, and 7% failed. No vascular, nervous system, or digestive perioperative complications were observed; however, 2.4% of the @entity1 had postoperative urinary retention. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the present study have confirmed the optimal results in @entity3142 previously reported in short-term studies. These results suggest that the transobturator tape procedure is a valuable alternative to the transvaginal tape procedure, with a low rate of complications.

title: Transobturator tape sling for female @entity3142 with XXXX tape and outside-in procedure: prospective study with 1 year of minimal follow-up and review of transobturator tape sling.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity7502 :: ('MESH:D011126', 'Chemical') :: ['polypropylene']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['incontinence']

entities_list: @entity3142 :: ('MESH:D014550', 'Disease') :: ['stress incontinence']

answer: @entity7502 :: (MESH:D011126,Chemical) :: ['polypropylene']


abstract: AIM: The aim of the present experiment was to study if the quality of the @entity702 surface is a decisive factor for osseointegration and re-osseointegration. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 2 Labrador @entity235 were used. The mandibular 1st molars and all premolars were removed bilaterally. 3 months later, 1 standard fixture and 3, 2-part "test fixtures" were installed in each side of the mandible. The text fixtures consisted of 1 6-mm long apical and 1 4-mm long coronal part connected with an internal screw. After 4 months, abutment connection was performed. 5 months later, a period of experimental @entity737 was initiated during which about 50% of the supporting bone tissue was lost. The @entity235 were later subjected to a treatment that included (i) systemic administration of antibiotics and (ii) surgical debridement of all implant sites. The abutments and the coronal parts of the text fixtures were removed. All parts of the exposed portion of the standard fixtures, the connecting screw and the apical part of the test fixtures were meticulously cleaned by mechanical means. A pristine, coronal fixture part was via the connecting screw attached to the apical fixture part of each text fixture. All fixtures were submerged. 2 weeks later, a fluorochrome was injected intravenously. After 4 months, biopsies of the implant sites were dissected and prepared for ground sectioning and analysis. RESULTS: It was demonstrated that re-osseointegration failed to occur to implant surfaces (standard) exposed to bacterial contamination, but did consistently occur at sites where a pristine implant component was placed in the @entity79 following surgical debridement. CONCLUSION: The above findings seem to imply that the quality of the @entity702 surface is of decisive importance for both osseointegration and re-osseointegration.

title: Osseintegration following treatment of @entity737 and replacement of implant components. An experimental study in the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity702 :: ('MESH:D014025', 'Chemical') :: ['titanium']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone defect']

entities_list: @entity737 :: ('MESH:D057873', 'Disease') :: ['peri-implantitis']

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['dog']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5380 are @entity2457 associated with @entity932 . It is unclear whether pregnancy is a risk factor for @entity548 , yet there is speculation that it may be. OBJECTIVE: To compare the risk of clinically significant @entity548 during pregnancy and nonpregnancy. METHODS: A total of 186 @entity1 from the University of Toronto @entity1462 Study Group were enrolled. The obstetrical history of each @entity1 was collected and matched to their neurological history from the records of the study group. All hemorrhagic events occurring during childbearing years were associated with either a defined pregnancy risk period or nonpregnancy period. @entity1 were also asked to recall advice that they received from health care professionals regarding risk of @entity548 in pregnancy. RESULTS: Among our @entity1 population there were 349 pregnancies (283 live births) and 49 @entity548 during childbearing years, 3 of which were during pregnancy but none during delivery or within 6 weeks post partum. The @entity548 rate for pregnant @entity1 was 1.15% (95% confidence interval: 0.23-3.35) per @entity1 -year and 1.01% (95% confidence interval: 0.75-1.36) per @entity1 -year for nonpregnant @entity1 . Relative risk of pregnancy was 1.13 (95% confidence interval: 0.34-3.75) (P = .84). Neurosurgeons and obstetricians were the source of most @entity548 risk advice. The majority of neurosurgeons suggested that the risk was unchanged, but the obstetricians were divided. Four @entity1 never conceived, and 2 others began contraception because of the advice that they received. CONCLUSION: The risk of @entity932 from @entity5380 is likely not changed during pregnancy, delivery, or post partum.

title: XXXX and pregnancy: @entity548 risk and influence on obstetrical management.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'person']

entities_list: @entity932 :: ('MESH:D020300', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage', 'hemorrhages']

entities_list: @entity2457 :: ('MESH:D020785', 'Disease') :: ['brain vascular malformations']

entities_list: @entity5380 :: ('MESH:D020786', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral cavernous malformations', 'Cerebral cavernous malformations']

entities_list: @entity1462 :: ('MESH:D054079', 'Disease') :: ['Vascular Malformations']

answer: @entity5380 :: (MESH:D020786,Disease) :: ['Cerebral cavernous malformations']


abstract: Chromosome counts were performed on 1,100 cells from 17 malignant @entity0 and on 168 cells of four normal tissue samples after @entity1499 treatment and G-banding. Karyotypes were established from 216 cells of 11 @entity5 -derived cultures and from 47 cells of four nonmalignant tissue-derived cultures. Karyotypes of cells from nonmalignant samples showed a normal diploid chromosomal constitution with no consistent loss or gain of a specific chromosome. @entity2526 were not observed. Tumor-derived cultures could be distinguished from normal cultures on the basis of a significantly increased incidence of numerical changes and structural chromosomal aberrations. In nine of 11 @entity5 -derived cultures, numerically normal cells were shown to be pseudodiploid, with frequencies ranging to 43% (mean, 13.2%) of the diploid cells. In agreement with previous reports, cytogenetic analyses showed predominantly diploid cells. Clonal numerical changes of chromosomes 17, 18, 20, and 21 could be detected in three @entity5 samples. @entity2214 could be observed in two of 11 analyzed @entity5 . A t(6;12)(p21;p13) and an enlarged chromosome 7 (7q+) were found in a @entity1 with @entity513 . An inversion of chromosome 7 [inv(7)(q11.2q32)] was observed in one case, also diagnosed as @entity513 . The significance of these findings in relation to clinical data is discussed.

title: Cytogenetics of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2214 :: ('MESH:D007945', 'Disease') :: ['Clonal structural abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumours']

entities_list: @entity2526 :: ('MESH:D025063', 'Disease') :: ['Structural chromosomal abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity513 :: ('MESH:D044584', 'Disease') :: ['invasive ductal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['amethopterin']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although surgical resectability is an important prognostic factor, recurrences are commonly noted in advanced @entity14 @entity1 , even after apparently curative surgery. Because such recurrences cannot be cured, better adjuvant chemotherapies are urgently required. @entity1 AND METHODS: We studied the effect of postoperative chemotherapy using @entity11221 ( @entity11221 ) oral administration with or without @entity1487 ( @entity1487 ) infusion for curatively resected @entity14 . This study was prospectively randomized and controlled and 303 (95.6%) of 316 @entity1 were determined to be candidates for statistical assessment. Group A received oral HCFU, 300 mg daily for 52 weeks beginning 2 weeks after surgery. Group B also received @entity1487 intravenous injection, 333 mg/m2 body surface area/24 hours continuously for 72 hours beginning on postoperative day 0 and 6. RESULTS: There were no differences in overall 5-year survival or disease-free survival between Groups A and B. Group B had better 5-year disease-free survival (47.6%) than Group A (42.9%) (p = 0.062) and significantly prolonged interval from surgery to recurrence (p = 0.003) for @entity1 with @entity1600 . In contrast, group B had significantly shortened 5-year disease-free survival (p = 0.010) and increased recurrence rate in @entity1 without @entity1600 . CONCLUSION: Inductive therapy with @entity1487 in combination with oral HCFU is beneficial as adjuvant chemotherapy for advanced @entity14 with @entity1600 .

title: Randomized controlled trial of XXXX ( @entity1487 ) infusion combined with @entity11221 (HCFU) oral administration and HCFU alone as postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy for @entity14 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1600 :: ('MESH:D014388', 'Disease') :: ['lymph node metastasis']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['Stage II and III colorectal cancer', 'colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity11221 :: ('MESH:C017367', 'Chemical') :: ['HCFU', '1-hexylcarbamoyl-5-fluorouracil']

answer: @entity1487 :: (MESH:D005472,Chemical) :: ['5-fluorouracil']


abstract: The insertion of @entity737 ( @entity737 ) requires induction of repeated episodes of @entity2224 ( @entity2224 ). The neuropsychological repercussions associated with repeated inducement of @entity551 and @entity2806 are unknown. In this prospective clinical trial, 1 day prior to @entity737 assessment/implantation and 5 days postprocedure, 14 @entity1 underwent neurological and cognitive screening. @entity73 was defined as impaired performance in one of four cognitive domains. @entity16 was defined as a decrement of 2 or more points from baseline of a total possible score of 45 points. Intraoperative hemodynamics, including the reperfusion interval (RI; end of preceding fibrillation to beginning of the next), were recorded. @entity1 underwent an average of 12 +/- 6 episodes of @entity2224 with average duration of mean arterial pressure (MAP) <50 mm Hg for 17 +/- 9 s (range 6-39 s) and of MAP <30 mm Hg for 11 +/- 5 s (range 2-22 s). Nine @entity1 , in none of whom the predetermined criteria for @entity16 was met, demonstrated a new subtle neurologic finding postoperatively. Ten of 14 @entity1 met the criterion for @entity73 5 days postoperatively. The mean RI between episodes of @entity2224 was significantly different between those @entity1 demonstrating @entity73 and the unimpaired @entity1 (3.1 +/- 0.5 min in the group with @entity73 vs 3.9 +/- 0.8 min in the unimpaired group, P = 0.027). Five @entity1 without @entity73 had longer RI between episodes of @entity1167 than those showing @entity73 . We conclude that @entity73 can occur after insertion of @entity737 and is related to the duration of RI.

title: @entity73 after XXXX during implantable cardiovertor/defibrillator procedures is related to duration of the reperfusion interval.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral ischemia']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment', 'impaired cognition', 'cognitive dysfunction', 'Cognitive dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['Neurological impairment', 'neurologic impairment']

entities_list: @entity737 :: ('MESH:D057873', 'Disease') :: ['implantable cardioverter/defibrillators', 'ICD']

entities_list: @entity2224 :: ('MESH:D014693', 'Disease') :: ['VF', 'ventricular fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['circulatory arrest']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

answer: @entity2224 :: (MESH:D014693,Disease) :: ['ventricular fibrillation']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Esophageal replacement (ER) is indicated for long gap @entity1152 (LGEA) when anastomosisis not possible, especially in cases without @entity292 or when elongation techniques have failed. The authors show their techniques and analyze preliminary results of the laparoscopic gastric pull-up (LGPU) for ERin LGEA. METHODS: Four @entity1 with LGEA admitted for ER (three type A, one type C) underwent LGPU. Using three ports, including the @entity3337 , surgical steps included releasing the stomach while preserving the right gastric and gastroepiploic arteries, pyloromyoplasty, and retromediastinal blunt dissection through a laparoscopic view. The esophagostomy was freed and the superior mediastinum was dissected, the stomach was pulled up for cervical @entity254 to the distal esophagus in two cases and to the gastric fundus in another two, adding thoracoscopy in two. RESULTS: All operations were performed without major surgical complications, conversion, death, or reoperation.There were no abdominal complications. Two @entity1 presented @entity891 and one case evolved to @entity55 .A @entity1 had a cervical @entity292 close spontaneously. Transanastomotic tube feeding began after 2-4 days,oral feeding after 8-12 days. Mild @entity850 (2) was resolved with endoscopic dilatations. After a follow-up of 9-26 months all @entity1 have functional grafts and satisfactory oral feeding. One @entity1 has @entity20705 . Cosmetics have been excellent. The @entity1 have the same scars they had before (umbilicus,gastrostomy, and esophagostomy) plus a tiny 3 mm scar on the right flank. CONCLUSIONS: Video-assisted esophageal replacement with the stomach for LGEA can be safely performed in @entity1 and @entity1 , even after a previous mediastinal operation; however, larger comparative series are required in the future.

title: Laparoscopic gastric pull-up for long gap XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'girl', 'infants', 'child']

entities_list: @entity1152 :: ('MESH:D004933', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal atresia']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity891 :: ('MESH:D001261', 'Disease') :: ['atelectasis']

entities_list: @entity20705 :: ('MESH:D004383', 'Disease') :: ['duodeno-gastric reflux']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['anastomotic stenosis']

entities_list: @entity3337 :: ('MESH:D009371', 'Disease') :: ['gastrostomy site']

answer: @entity1152 :: (MESH:D004933,Disease) :: ['esophageal atresia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity1643 is a common complaint among pregnant @entity1 . It is estimated that about 50% of pregnant @entity1 complain of some form of back @entity158 at some point in pregnancy or during the postpartum period. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of @entity1643 during pregnancy and its characteristics. METHODS: Cross-sectional study with low-risk pregnant @entity1 . After approval by the @entity1 Research Ethics Committee and receiving written informed consent, we included pregnant @entity1 over 18 years of age and excluded those with @entity146 , previous lumbar pathologies, and receiving treatment for @entity1643 . RESULTS: We interviewed 97 pregnant @entity1 . The frequency of @entity1643 was 68%. The mean age was 26.2 years and the median gestational age was 30 weeks. Fifty-eight pregnant @entity1 declared themselves as brown (58%). Most (88.6%) were married or living in common-law marriage, fifty-six (57.7%) worked outside the home, and 71 (73.2%) had completed high school. @entity1643 was more frequent during the second trimester of pregnancy (43.9%), referred to as a "burning" sensation in 37.8% of @entity1 , with intermittent frequency in 96.9% of the @entity1 . The symptoms got worse at night (71.2%). Resting @entity1643 in 43.9% of pregnant @entity1 , while the standing position for a long time worsened it in 27.2% of @entity1 . CONCLUSION: @entity1643 is common in pregnant @entity1 , has specific characteristics, and is more frequent in the second trimester of pregnancy. This indicates the need for prevention strategies that enable better quality of life for pregnant @entity1 .

title: [ XXXX during pregnancy].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'Human']

entities_list: @entity1643 :: ('MESH:D017116', 'Disease') :: ['reduced low back pain', 'Low back pain', 'low back pain']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric disorders']

answer: @entity1643 :: (MESH:D017116,Disease) :: ['Low back pain']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS OF THE STUDY: The well known correlation between prosthetic valve orifice area and transvalvular pressure drop has raised concerns about the presence of significant residual gradients when only a small-sized prosthesis can be implanted, particularly in @entity1 with a large body surface area. The aim of this study was to study the hemodynamic performance of small-size St. Jude Medical aortic prostheses using @entity452 echocardiography. METHODS: Fifteen @entity1 (14 females, one male, of mean age 67 years) who had undergone aortic valve replacement with size 19 mm St. Jude Medical prostheses at a mean of 19 +/- 8 ( @entity168 ) months previously were studied. @entity452 infusion was started at a rate of 5 micrograms/kg/min and increased to 10 and subsequently to 20 micrograms/kg/min at 15-min intervals. Pulsed and continuous-wave Doppler studies were performed at rest and at the end of each stage. Effective orifice area (EOA) and mean gradient across each prosthesis were calculated, and cardiac output (CO) was determined by Doppler measurement of flow in the left ventricular outflow tract. RESULTS: @entity452 -stress increased heart rate and cardiac output by 57% and 86% respectively (both p < 0.0005), and mean transvalvular gradient increased from 22.0 +/- 4.9 mmHg at rest to 41.9 +/- 9 mmHg at maximum stress (p < 0.0001). Regression modeling analyses demonstrated that maximum stress gradient was independent of all variables except resting gradient (p = 0.0068). Body surface areas had no effect on the changes in cardiac output, effective orifice area or transprosthetic gradient at maximum stress. CONCLUSIONS: These data demonstrate that the size 19 mm St. Jude Medical prosthesis exhibits favorable hemodynamic performance. Transvalvular gradients remained within a clinically acceptable range, both at rest and under stress conditions. Moreover, in the @entity1 population studied, overall hemodynamic performance indicates that with St. Jude Medical aortic valves, @entity1 -prosthesis mismatch is unlikely to be a problem of clinical importance.

title: Hemodynamics of St. Jude Medical prostheses in the small aortic root: in vivo studies using XXXX Doppler echocardiography.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity452 :: ('MESH:D004280', 'Chemical') :: ['Dobutamine', 'dobutamine']

answer: @entity452 :: (MESH:D004280,Chemical) :: ['dobutamine']