abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine whether @entity1 who return to driving after @entity542 can be considered safe to do so and to compare the @entity1 characteristics of those who return to driving with those who do not. METHODS: In a multicentre qualitative study 10 rehabilitation units collectively registered 563 adults with @entity131 during a 2.5 year period. Recruitment to the study varied from immediately after hospital admission to several years after injury. @entity1 and their families were interviewed around 3 to 6 months after recruitment. A total of 383 (67.5%) subjects were interviewed within 1 year of injury, of whom 270 (47.6%) were interviewed within 6 months of injury. Main outcome measures were the presence or absence of driving related problems reported by drivers and ex-drivers, and scores on driving related items of the functional independence/functional assessment measure (FIM+FAM). RESULTS: Of the 563 @entity1 381 were drivers before the injury and 139 had returned to driving at interview. Many current drivers reported problems with behaviour (anger, @entity146 , @entity146 ; 67 (48.2%)), memory ( 89 (64%)), concentration and attention (39 (28.1%)), and vision (39 (28.1%)). Drivers reported most driving related problems as often as ex-drivers, main exceptions were @entity302 and @entity497 . Current drivers scored significantly higher on the FIM+FAM (were more independent), than ex-drivers. The driving group had sustained less severe @entity542 than ex-drivers; nevertheless, 78 (56.2%) current drivers had received a severe @entity542 . Few (61 (16%)) previous drivers reported receiving formal advice about driving after injury. CONCLUSIONS: The existence of problems which could significantly affect driving does not prevent @entity1 returning to driving after @entity131 . @entity1 should be assessed for both mental and physical status before returning to driving after a @entity542 , and systems put in place to enable clear and consistent advice to be given to @entity1 about driving.

title: Return to driving after XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['traumatic brain injury']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggression', 'irritability']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['head injuries', 'head injury']

entities_list: @entity497 :: ('MESH:D003147', 'Disease') :: ['community mobility']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy']

answer: @entity542 :: (MESH:D006259,Disease) :: ['head injury']


abstract: Three unrelated @entity1 with @entity280 had phaeochromocytomas diagnosed as a result of screening in their third decade. All had raised 24-h urinary @entity1063 levels and obvious unilateral @entity5 on ultrasound scanning and computed tomography. The contralateral adrenal appeared either normal or equivocally abnormal using the same imaging techniques. Radiolabelled @entity7990 uptake and enhanced T2-weighted magnetic resonance signals confirmed the @entity75 , but showed no abnormality in the contralateral adrenal. Nevertheless, venous sampling demonstrated abnormally elevated @entity1063 :adrenaline ratios (normal < 1) in blood draining both adrenals in all three @entity1 . All underwent bilateral adrenalectomy: histological examination confirmed bilateral phaeochromocytomas in all three @entity1 , with the smaller adrenal showing tumours between 3 and 11 mm in diameter. A fourth @entity1 with @entity280 was also evaluated because of a left 'suprarenal' mass discovered by ultrasound scanning. Urinary and plasma @entity2661 were normal. Computed tomography showed a normal right adrenal, with a left para-aortic mass lying superior to the left adrenal. Magnetic resonance scanning showed an enhanced T2 signal from the mass, which also showed positive uptake with radiolabelled mIBG. At operation, a non-secretory left para-aortic @entity1823 was found. Venous sampling suggested that the left adrenal was normal, and this was confirmed on histology. Venous sampling for @entity2922 assays is effective in locating small bilateral phaeochromocytomas and defining a normal adrenal gland, and can be useful in preventing unnecessary or repeat operations in @entity1 with @entity280 .

title: Bilateral phaeochromocytomas in XXXX : diagnosis by adrenal vein sampling and @entity2922 assay.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['adrenal tumours']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['ipsilateral lesion']

entities_list: @entity7990 :: ('MESH:D019797', 'Chemical') :: ['meta-iodo-benzylguanidine']

entities_list: @entity2922 :: ('CHEBI:33567', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamine']

entities_list: @entity1823 :: ('MESH:D010235', 'Disease') :: ['paraganglioma']

entities_list: @entity2661 :: ('MESH:D002395', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamines']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['noradrenaline']

entities_list: @entity280 :: ('MESH:D006623', 'Disease') :: ['non Hippel-Lindau disease', 'von Hippel-Lindau disease']

answer: @entity280 :: (MESH:D006623,Disease) :: ['von Hippel-Lindau disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To establish the age and sex specific mortality for @entity1 with @entity6 in comparison with local and national background populations; to investigate the relationship between mortality and material deprivation in an unselected population with @entity6 . DESIGN: Longitudinal study, using a population based district @entity6 register. SETTING: South Tees, United Kingdom. @entity1 : All @entity1 known to have @entity6 living in Middlesbrough and Redcar and Cleveland local authorities on 1 January 1994. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Death, from any cause, between 1 January 1994 and 31 December 1999. RESULTS: Over the six years of the study 1205 (24.9%) of 4842 @entity1 died. All cause standardised mortality ratios for type 1 @entity6 were 641 (95% confidence interval 406 to 962) in @entity1 and 294 (200 to 418) in @entity1 , and those for type 2 @entity6 were 160 (147 to 174) in @entity1 and 141 (130 to 152) in @entity1 . Cause specific standardised mortality ratios were increased for @entity299 , @entity66 , and @entity8 ; no reductions in mortality from other causes were seen. The risk of premature death increased significantly with increasing material deprivation (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: @entity6 is associated with excess mortality, even in an area with high background death rates from @entity65 . This excess mortality is evident in all age groups, most pronounced in young @entity1 with type 1 @entity6 , and exacerbated by material deprivation. Aggressive approaches to the management of cardiovascular risk factors could reduce the excess mortality in @entity1 with @entity6 .

title: Excess mortality in a population with XXXX and the impact of material deprivation: longitudinal, population based study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'PARTICIPANTS', 'people', 'men']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal disease']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['cerebrovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetes', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['ischaemic heart disease']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']


abstract: The @entity1282 that occurs as an early sign of @entity7463 ( @entity7463 ), and which may predispose @entity1 to @entity1174 , has never been fully characterized. We evaluated 27 @entity1 (mean +/- SEM: age, 64.9 +/- 1 years; symptom duration, 52 +/- 5 months) who met the clinical National Institute of @entity16 and @entity64 and Society for @entity7463 (NINDS-SPSP) criteria for possible or probable @entity7463 , with a swallowing questionnaire, an oral motor and speech examination, and either a modified barium swallow or ultrasound studies. Twenty-eight age- and sex-matched healthy controls (age, 65.6 +/- 1.5 years) were also evaluated with the questionnaire, oral examination, and the ultrasound study. We used ANOVA statistics to evaluate differences between groups; nonparametric correlations to assess associations between swallowing and motor and @entity73 ; and logistic regression analysis to determine if the items of the questionnaire or oral examination predicted ultrasound or modified barium swallow abnormalities. While @entity7463 @entity1 had at least one complaint on the swallowing questionnaire (mean, 6.6), healthy controls had fewer and less relevant complaints (0.3). @entity1 with moderate-to-severe @entity73 had significantly more complaints of @entity1282 than those with mild or no impairment. @entity7463 @entity1 ' oral motor skills and speech were mildly impaired but significantly different from those of controls. In the ultrasound studies, @entity7463 @entity1 had significantly fewer continuous swallows and required a longer duration to complete their swallows than did healthy controls. They also had mild-to-moderate abnormalities in the modified barium swallow study. The swallowing questionnaire, oral motor examination, and speech production examination accurately predicted the abnormalities detected with the swallowing studies. While 75% of @entity1 had abnormal speech, all but one had abnormal swallowing studies. Thus, although @entity1282 is associated with @entity4653 , the two conditions are not always paired in the same @entity1 . Our results suggest that the swallowing questionnaire and oral motor examination are an easy and cost-effective method to predict the swallowing disturbances in @entity7463 .

title: Characterizing swallowing abnormalities in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive disabilities', 'cognitive abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['Neurological Disorders']

entities_list: @entity1174 :: ('MESH:D011015', 'Disease') :: ['aspiration pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['dysphagia']

entities_list: @entity7463 :: ('MESH:D013494', 'Disease') :: ['progressive supranuclear palsy', 'PSP']

entities_list: @entity4653 :: ('MESH:D004401', 'Disease') :: ['dysarthria']

answer: @entity7463 :: (MESH:D013494,Disease) :: ['progressive supranuclear palsy']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The effects of delayed thrombolysis with alteplase and neuroprotection with an excitatory @entity535 receptor antagonist and their combination were tested in an @entity64 model. METHODS: In 61 @entity35 the carotid artery territory was embolized with arterial-like fibrin-rich clots. Hemispheric cerebral blood flow before and after @entity887 was measured by intra-arterial 133Xe injection method. The animals were assigned to one of the following treatments: (1) vehicle-treated controls (n = 15); (2) @entity3390 1 mg/kg i.v. 5 minutes after @entity887 (n = 16); (3) alteplase 20 mg/kg as an intravenous continuous infusion starting 2 hours after @entity887 (n = 16); and (4) both agents (n = 14). Carotid angiography displayed the site of occlusion of the cerebral arterial tree immediately after and 3 hours after @entity887 , and the clinical neurological score was assessed after the @entity35 recovered from anesthesia and before the @entity35 were killed. Brains were fixed after 2 days and evaluated neuropathologically; @entity1188 volume affecting cortical and deep brain structures was measured separately. RESULTS: Both alteplase and @entity3390 reduced the total @entity1188 volume (P = .05 and P = .04, respectively, Mann-Whitney tests). @entity3390 reduced the incidence of cortical @entity1188 by 48% (P < .001, Fisher's test). Only the combined treatment significantly reduced deep @entity4798 (P = .03, Mann-Whitney test). The combined treatment also improved the clinical score by 83% compared with controls, by 75% compared with the group treated by @entity3390 alone, and by 50% compared with the group treated by alteplase alone. Sixty-seven percent of thrombolytic-treated animals recanalized completely compared with 39% of those given no thrombolytics (P = .05, Fisher's test). The clinical outcome correlated with @entity1188 size (P < .01, Spearman test). CONCLUSIONS: Our results document comparable efficacy of delayed thrombolysis and excitatory @entity535 receptor antagonism in this model and suggest that combination of these two therapeutic approaches may yield additional benefit in treatment of @entity64 , particularly in cases where deep brain (end-artery-supplied) structures are affected.

title: Neuroprotection by excitatory @entity535 antagonist augments the benefit of thrombolysis in XXXX in @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity4798 :: ('MESH:D020520', 'Disease') :: ['brain infarctions']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['embolic stroke', 'thromboembolic stroke']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity887 :: ('MESH:D004617', 'Disease') :: ['embolization']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarctions', 'infarct']

entities_list: @entity3390 :: ('MESH:D016291', 'Chemical') :: ['Dizocilpine', 'dizocilpine']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['embolic stroke']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy and @entity137 of a novel chemotherapy combination that includes @entity1311 , @entity3003 , and extended-schedule etoposide in the treatment of @entity1 with @entity189 of unknown primary @entity5 site. @entity1 AND METHODS: Fifty-five @entity1 with @entity189 of unknown primary @entity5 site were treated with the following regimen, administered every 21 days: @entity1311 200 mg/m2 by 1-hour intravenous (I.V.) infusion on day 1, @entity3003 at an estimated area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) of 6.0 on day 1, and @entity2879 50 mg alternated with 100 mg orally on days 1 through 10. Responding @entity1 received a total of four courses of treatment. The following histologies were included: @entity420 , 30 @entity1 ; @entity189 ( @entity189 ) or @entity420 ( @entity420 ), 21; poorly differentiated @entity3270 , three; and @entity957 , one. RESULTS: Twenty-five of 53 assessable @entity1 (47%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 33% to 61%) had major objective responses to treatment (seven complete responses). Response rates were similar in @entity1 with @entity420 versus @entity189 (45% and 48%, respectively). The actuarial median survival time for the entire group was 13.4 months. The regimen was well tolerated, with only seven hospitalizations for treatment of @entity1398 and @entity221 (4% of courses) and no treatment-related @entity204 . CONCLUSION: The combination of @entity1311 , @entity3003 , and extended-schedule etoposide is highly active and well tolerated in @entity1 with @entity189 of unknown primary @entity5 site. Response rates and survival in this multicenter community-based trial compare favorably with all previously studied empiric regimens. In addition, this regimen is substantially less toxic and easier to administer than the @entity900 -based regimens previously used in this setting. If this level of efficacy is confirmed, this treatment should be considered standard first-line therapy in @entity1 with @entity189 of unknown primary @entity5 site.

title: XXXX of unknown primary site: treatment with 1-hour @entity1311 , @entity3003 , and extended-schedule etoposide.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['carboplatin']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['PDC', 'carcinoma', 'poorly differentiated carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity2879 :: ('MESH:D005047', 'Chemical') :: ['etoposide']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['PDA', 'poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma', 'adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3270 :: ('MESH:D018278', 'Disease') :: ['neuroendocrine carcinoma']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['Carcinoma']


abstract: The @entity146 profile of a consecutive series of 69 @entity1 and @entity1 prisoners referred for assessment over a nine month period was examined. Thirty-six point two percent had a major @entity146 and a further 53.6% had a minor @entity146 . One-third of the sample had a previous criminal record, and approximately one-half had past @entity146 contacts. @entity161 @entity1 with active symptoms appear to be more likely to commit violent offenses. Of ten prisoners who committed murder, nine were @entity1 with @entity161 . Almost all the @entity716 @entity1 had active symptoms at the time that they committed their offenses. The most probable reason for the commission of their crime was @entity716 . Some underlying psychosocial factors are also discussed. Ways of minimizing the vulnerability and victimization of individuals with @entity146 are suggested. Because this was a highly selective sample, the results should be viewed with some caution. More research is needed to determine the criminal behaviour of the mentally ill in general, and schizophrenics in particular.

title: XXXX in prisoners referred for assessment: a preliminary study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia', 'Schizophrenic']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychotic', 'psychosis']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric', 'serious mental disorders', 'psychiatric illness', 'psychiatric disorder']

answer: @entity146 :: (MESH:D001523,Disease) :: ['Psychiatric disorders']


abstract: 1. Positive chronotropic and inotropic myocardial responses to different adrenoreceptor agonists were studied using isolated right atria and left ventricular papillary muscles from @entity35 treated orally for 5 weeks with @entity3159 , an alpha 1-antagonist, or vehicle (distilled water). 2. Chronotropic responses to the beta-adrenoreceptor agonists @entity3044 and @entity3045 were similar in atria from both groups of @entity35 , with no differences in their basal rates, maximum rate increases or pD2 values for either agonist. 3. Basal contractile force of field-stimulated papillary muscles was similar in both @entity3159 -treated (0.089 +/- 0.014 g mg-1) and control groups (0.104 +/- 0.035 g mg-1). In response to @entity1063 , force increased maximally by 145 +/- 30% and 131 +/- 30% above resting levels respectively, and pD2 values for this beta- and alpha-agonist showed no changes after chronic @entity3159 treatment. Inotropic responses to @entity3044 were also not different with maximum increases in force of 94.5 +/- 20.2% for @entity3159 -treated and 84.5 +/- 18.5% for controls, and similar pD2 values. 4. However, in response to the alpha 1-agonist @entity2647 (in the presence of @entity1169 ), maximum increases in force were greater in relation to the noradrenaline maxima after @entity3159 treatment (48.8 +/- 4.2%) than in controls (32.0 +/- 4.3%, P less than 0.02). pD2 values for @entity2647 were also significantly higher after long-term alpha 1-blockade (5.71 +/- 0.10 vs 5.30 +/- 0.19 for controls, P less than 0.05). 5. Long-term alpha 1-blockade in the @entity35 therefore led to supersensitivity of alpha 1-mediated inotropism in the heart, but both beta-mediated inotropic and chronotropic responses were unaffected. These results show selectivity of action of chronic @entity3159 treatment on alpha 1-receptors in the @entity35 heart.

title: Myocardial chronotropic and inotropic responsiveness in vitro after chronic alpha 1-adrenoreceptor blockade in the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1169 :: ('MESH:D011433', 'Chemical') :: ['propranolol']

entities_list: @entity3159 :: ('MESH:D011224', 'Chemical') :: ['prazosin']

entities_list: @entity3045 :: ('MESH:D000420', 'Chemical') :: ['salbutamol']

entities_list: @entity3044 :: ('MESH:D007545', 'Chemical') :: ['isoprenaline']

entities_list: @entity2647 :: ('MESH:D010656', 'Chemical') :: ['phenylephrine']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['noradrenaline']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe a case in which hysteroscopic removal of a fibroid that had migrated through the uterine wall induced formation of a uterine @entity292 . DESIGN: After embolization of uterine fibroids, an investigative clinical, sonographic, and hysteroscopic protocol was followed. SETTING: Gynecologic clinic of a university hospital. @entity1 (S): A 38-year-old @entity1 undergoing embolization of uterine arteries for uterine fibroids. INTERVENTION(S): Angiography-guided transcatheter bilateral embolization of uterine arteries, with clinical, sonographic, and hysteroscopic follow-up. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): @entity1 morbidity and satisfactory intercourse. RESULT(S): Six months after embolization of the uterine arteries, the @entity1 presented migration of the fibroid through the uterine wall. Hysteroscopic removal of the fibroid induced posthysteroscopic formation of a uterine @entity292 . CONCLUSION(S): After embolization of the uterine arteries, thorough follow-up examination of the uterine cavity is strictly recommended. Diagnosis of a uterine wall perforation can identify an abnormal source of uterine @entity548 , and @entity1 should be counseled to avoid pregnancy until the lesion heals completely.

title: Uterine XXXX induced by hysteroscopic resection of an embolized migrated fibroid: a rare complication after embolization of uterine fibroids.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients', 'patient', 'Patient', 'PATIENT']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

answer: @entity292 :: (MESH:D005402,Disease) :: ['fistula']


abstract: @entity19 keratinocytes are induced to differentiate in vitro by elevating the level of extracellular @entity460 from 0.05 mM, where keratinocytes express a basal cell phenotype, to greater than 0.10 mM, where they express the differentiated phenotype. This process has been associated with a rapid, sustained increase in @entity19260 (InsP) turnover, which precedes the expression of differentiation-specific proteins. In 0.05 mM @entity141 medium, @entity3775 and @entity1388 salts (AIF4-), which combine to activate nonspecifically heterotrimeric @entity6370 -binding (G) proteins, cause a concentration-dependent increase in InsP metabolism in keratinocytes, and generate elevated intracellular @entity2366 levels. This is associated with an inhibition of cell growth. Treatment with both AIF4- and @entity141 greater than 0.10 mM resulted in an additive increase in InsP turnover, implying the presence of at least two responsive InsP pools. AIF4- inhibited the expression of differentiation markers induced by @entity141 greater than 0.10 mM and altered the morphology of keratinocytes from squamous to dendritic, which was reversible upon withdrawal of AIF4-. Neoplastic keratinocytes, in which basal levels of InsP metabolism are higher than in normal cells, do not differentiate in response to @entity141 . Neoplastic keratinocytes responded to AIF-4 treatment with an even greater rise in InsP metabolism. AIF-4 also inhibited cell growth and reversibly altered morphology in neoplastic keratinocytes. These data suggest that InsP metabolism in keratinocytes is at least partially regulated by a G protein mechanism. Furthermore, an increase in InsP metabolism is not sufficient to stimulate differentiation and may be inhibitory to differentiation if exceeding limited increases. However, these observations cannot exclude the possibility that other AIF-4 stimulated pathways involving G or non-G proteins can also influence keratinocyte biology.

title: Aluminum fluoride stimulates XXXX metabolism and inhibits expression of differentiation markers in @entity19 keratinocytes.

entities_list: @entity2366 :: ('CHEBI:41847', 'Chemical') :: ['diacylglycerol']

entities_list: @entity3775 :: ('MESH:D000535', 'Chemical') :: ['aluminum']

entities_list: @entity6370 :: ('CHEBI:61292', 'Chemical') :: ['guanine nucleotide']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity1388 :: ('MESH:D005459', 'Chemical') :: ['fluoride']

entities_list: @entity19260 :: ('CHEBI:24846', 'Chemical') :: ['inositol phosphate']

answer: @entity19260 :: (CHEBI:24846,Chemical) :: ['inositol phosphate']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Primary outcome was to compare neurodevelopmental outcome at two years in intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) conceived @entity1 versus matched controls. Secondary outcome was to determine incidence of major @entity600 and study perinatal outcome. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. SETTING: Tertiary care perinatal centre over a period of 13 months. POPULATION: Seventy-six ICSI conceived @entity1 and 261 matched controls selected by matching for maternal age, sex, date of delivery, race, plurality and parity. METHODS: @entity245 ( @entity245 ) and Psychometric Development Index (PDI) of the Bayley's Scale of Development (BSID-II) and Vineland Adaptive Behaviour Scale (VABS) were used to assess the neurodevelopmental and functional outcome. The @entity600 were classified according to ICD-9 code. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Primary outcome measure--neurodevelopmental and functional outcomes. Secondary outcome measure-- @entity600 and perinatal outcomes. RESULTS: Neurodevelopmental and functional outcome were comparable in both groups. The mean @entity245 score was 92 [16] versus 90 [14] in the study and control groups respectively. Fourteen (18.4%) in the ICSI group had @entity245 <85 compared with 87 (33%) controls (P= 0.002). On linear regression the @entity245 was independently affected by plurality (P= 0.001), maternal education and socio-economic status (P= 0.01). The study group had a lower gestation (36 [3] vs 37.1 [2] weeks; P= 0.005) and a higher incidence of prematurity <34 weeks [19 (25%)] vs [31 (12%)] P= 0.012]. Six (7.9%) of the ICSI babies and seven (2.7%) of the controls had a major @entity600 (P= 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 born by ICSI pregnancies did not have an adverse neurodevelopmental outcome. The incidence of major @entity600 in ICSI needs further evaluation.

title: Two-year neurodevelopmental outcome in XXXX conceived by intracytoplasmic sperm injection: prospective cohort study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity245 :: ('MESH:D002658', 'Disease') :: ['MDI', 'Mental Development Index']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['congenital malformations', 'congenital malformation']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: Thirty @entity1 with @entity13571 ( @entity13571 ) of the @entity573 nodosa type were reviewed. Eleven @entity1 (36%) had only gastrointestinal manifestations of the disease. Four @entity1 (13%) had only @entity358 . Seven @entity1 (23%) had both gastrointestinal and pulmonary manifestations of @entity13571 . With use of an approved protocol from the National Institute of @entity566 and Infectious Diseases of @entity786 and @entity229 , remission was attained in 29 of 30 @entity1 (96%). However, 18 @entity1 (60%) underwent major surgical procedures for either @entity66 . Six @entity1 underwent eight thoracotomies; six operations were required for diagnosis and two for drainage of right-sided empyemas. Ten @entity1 underwent 14 exploratory laparotomies. Six abdominal explorations were performed for diagnostic purposes, and eight were required for treatment of complications. Two @entity1 required digital amputations because of @entity39 . Two @entity1 (11%) developed five @entity260 , one of whom subsequently died. Arteriographic studies were performed in 16 @entity1 (53%). @entity455 consistent with those described for @entity13571 were demonstrated in six cases (38%). There was no correlation of clinical manifestations, subsequent therapy, and arteriographic findings with regard to the development of @entity1320 . @entity358 occurred only in @entity1 who had pulmonary infiltrates secondary to @entity13571 .

title: Surgical aspects of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity13571 :: ('MESH:D056647', 'Disease') :: ['systemic necrotizing vasculitis', 'SNV']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['Vascular abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity573 :: ('MESH:C537014', 'Disease') :: ['polyarteritis']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['diagnosis or complications of the disease']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic necrosis']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['Pulmonary complications', 'pulmonary involvement']

entities_list: @entity1320 :: ('MESH:D059413', 'Disease') :: ['intra-abdominal complications']

answer: @entity13571 :: (MESH:D056647,Disease) :: ['systemic necrotizing vasculitis']


abstract: Cells isolated from the jejunum, cecum and colon of @entity35 were used to study the oxidation of nutrients by quantifying the production of 14CO2 from 5 mmols/L @entity3209 -labeled exogenous substrate. In colonic cells, the decreasing order of oxidation was as follows: @entity4876 greater than @entity598 greater than @entity4919 , @entity413 and @entity1160 . @entity598 and @entity4876 significantly suppressed oxidation of both @entity413 and @entity1160 . In cells taken from the cecum, @entity4876 was oxidized at a greater rate than all other substrates. Cells taken from the jejunum produced @entity515 from exogenous substrates in decreasing order as follows: @entity1160 greater than @entity413 much greater than @entity598 , @entity4919 and @entity4876 . @entity4876 oxidation was significantly reduced in colonic cells by @entity4322 , and it was reduced in cecal cells by @entity413 . Comparisons among the three gut segments showed no differences in @entity1160 oxidation. @entity413 oxidation was greater in cells taken from the colon than from the cecum or jejunum, which were similar. @entity4876 and @entity598 were oxidized at higher rates in cells taken from the cecum and colon than in cells taken from the jejunum, and @entity4919 was oxidized at a greater rate in cells taken from the colon than from the jejunum. These studies demonstrate that relative rates of substrate oxidation differ along the intestinal tract of @entity35 .

title: Nutrient utilization by cells isolated from XXXX jejunum, cecum and colon.

entities_list: @entity4876 :: ('MESH:D002087', 'Chemical') :: ['Butyrate', 'butyrate']

entities_list: @entity1160 :: ('CHEBI:28300', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamine']

entities_list: @entity4919 :: ('CHEBI:17272', 'Chemical') :: ['propionate']

entities_list: @entity598 :: ('CHEBI:47622', 'Chemical') :: ['Acetate', 'acetate']

entities_list: @entity4322 :: ('MESH:D020155', 'Chemical') :: ['3-hydroxybutyrate']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose', 'Glucose']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: The @entity535 sequence of the phage infection protein (Pip) of @entity7878 predicts a multiple-membrane-spanning region, suggesting that Pip may be anchored to the plasma membrane. However, a near-consensus sortase recognition site and a cell wall anchoring motif may also be present near the @entity1473 terminus. If functional, this recognition site could lead to covalent linkage of Pip to the cell wall. Pip was detected in both plasma membranes and envelopes (plasma membrane plus peptidoglycan) isolated from the wild-type Pip strain LM2301. Pip was firmly attached to membrane and envelope preparations and was solubilized only by treatment with detergent. Three mutant Pip proteins were separately made in which the multiple-membrane-spanning region was deleted (Pip-Deltammsr), the sortase recognition site was converted to the consensus (Pip- @entity54970 ), or the sortase recognition site was deleted (Pip- @entity45804 ). All three mutant Pip proteins co-purified with membranes and could not be solubilized except with detergent. When membranes containing Pip-Deltammsr were sonicated and re-isolated by @entity969 density gradient centrifugation, Pip-Deltammsr remained associated with the membranes. Strains that expressed Pip- @entity54970 or Pip-Delta6 formed plaques with near unit efficiency, whereas the strain that expressed Pip-Deltammsr did not form plaques of phage c2. Both membranes and cell-free culture supernatant from the strain expressing Pip-Deltammsr inactivated phage c2. These results suggest that Pip is an integral membrane protein that is not anchored to the cell wall and that the multiple-membrane-spanning region is required for productive phage infection but not phage inactivation.

title: Subcellular location of phage infection protein (Pip) in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity969 :: ('MESH:D013395', 'Chemical') :: ['sucrose']

entities_list: @entity7878 :: ('1358', 'Species') :: ['Lactococcus lactis']

entities_list: @entity1473 :: ('CHEBI:46883', 'Chemical') :: ['carboxy']

answer: @entity7878 :: (1358,Species) :: ['Lactococcus lactis']


abstract: A current hypothesis suggests that @entity342 administration prior to chemotherapy ( @entity342 priming) may potentiate @entity5 in @entity263 . The Dunning R3327G @entity35 prostatic @entity5 model was used to test this concept experimentally. Control groups without priming included (1) intact untreated, (2) castrate alone and (3) castrate+ chemotherapy ( @entity786 , 30 mg/kg/day for 2 days with repeat cycle in 25 days- @entity3525 ). Two experimental groups received @entity3800 , one before and one after chemotherapy. Treatment effect was monitored by quantitating @entity5 volume and animal survival. Control groups receiving castration and chemotherapy had a retardation of @entity5 growth and a prolongation of survival when compared to untreated animals. @entity342 priming before but not after chemotherapy enhanced the degree of @entity5 suppression. With the @entity342 -priming protocol, all @entity342 -primed @entity5 had regressed, 3/6 @entity5 had disappeared and 3 were only palpable. At the same time point, @entity5 in all the other groups were actively growing and had volumes greater than the initial values (P less than 0.01). Median survival was significantly prolonged in primed animals 191 vs 40 days for untreated animals and 150 days for the nonprimed castration + chemotherapy animals (P less than 0.02). These findings have been repeated with several replicate experiments. These observations confirm the hypothesis that @entity342 priming can potentiate chemotherapy in an experimental system.

title: XXXX -primed chemotherapy-experimental confirmation of efficacy.

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumor cytotoxicity', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen', 'Androgen']

entities_list: @entity3800 :: ('MESH:D000728', 'Chemical') :: ['androgens']

answer: @entity342 :: (CHEBI:50113,Chemical) :: ['Androgen']


abstract: The adhesion of @entity10688 104-R and the variant strain 104-S to porcine gastric squamous epithelium was investigated. An epithelium-specific adhesion was detected for strain 104-S; however, strain 104-R expressed enhanced adhesion capacity to the control surfaces of @entity852 and bovine serum albumin. To characterize the adhesive determinants, the bacterial cells were exposed to various treatments. The adhesion pattern of bacterial cells in buffers of pH values ranging from 2 to 7 was determined. The adhesion of strain 104-S to epithelium was greater in a buffer with a higher pH value. On the other hand, adhesion of strain 104-R to the epithelium was rather unaffected by a change in pH. To the control surfaces of @entity852 or bovine serum albumin, the adhesion of both strains was greatest at pH 2 to 4. Treatment of strain 104-S with @entity10283 did not affect the adhesion to epithelium or @entity852 ; however, protease treatment dramatically decreased the adhesion of both strains, thus suggesting that the determinants responsible for the adhesion were proteinaceous. Carbohydrates may be partially involved in the adhesion of 104-R because @entity10283 -treated cells adhered more poorly than control, @entity27060 -treated cells. The adhesion-promoting components are most probably tightly bound to the cell wall, because washing with low-pH buffer (pH 1.2) or @entity3208 had no major effect on the adhesion.

title: Characteristics of the adhesive determinants of XXXX 104.

entities_list: @entity10283 :: ('MESH:C009288', 'Chemical') :: ['metaperiodate']

entities_list: @entity852 :: ('MESH:D011137', 'Chemical') :: ['polystyrene']

entities_list: @entity3208 :: ('MESH:D012967', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium dodecyl sulfate']

entities_list: @entity10688 :: ('1613', 'Species') :: ['Lactobacillus fermentum']

answer: @entity10688 :: (1613,Species) :: ['Lactobacillus fermentum']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity3866 has shown activity in @entity1 with brain metastases from non-small-cell @entity2 . The present dose-escalation Phase I trial evaluated the @entity137 of whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) with concurrent and maintenance @entity3866 in this @entity1 group. METHODS AND MATERIALS: @entity3866 (Cohort 1, 100 mg/d; Cohort 2, 150 mg/d) was started 1 week before, and continued during, WBRT (30 Gy in 10 fractions). Maintenance @entity3866 (150 mg/d) was continued until unacceptable @entity137 or disease progression. RESULTS: A total of 11 @entity1 completed WBRT, 4 in Cohort 1 and 7 in Cohort 2. The median duration of @entity3866 treatment was 83 days. No treatment-related @entity2359 was observed. No treatment-related Grade 3 or greater @entity137 occurred in Cohort 1. In Cohort 2, 1 @entity1 developed a Grade 3 acneiform @entity1910 and 1 @entity1 had Grade 3 fatigue. Two @entity1 in Cohort 2 developed @entity3866 -related @entity401 , contributing to death during maintenance therapy. The median overall survival and interval to progression was 133 and 141 days, respectively. Six @entity1 developed extracranial progression; only 1 @entity1 had intracranial progression. In 7 @entity1 with follow-up neuroimaging at 3 months, 5 had a partial response and 2 had stable disease. CONCLUSION: WBRT with concurrent @entity3866 is well tolerated in @entity1 with brain metastases from non-small-cell @entity2 . The suggestion of a high @entity1504 control rate warrants additional study.

title: Phase I study of concurrent whole brain radiotherapy and XXXX for multiple brain metastases from non-small-cell @entity2 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity3866 :: ('MESH:C400278', 'Chemical') :: ['erlotinib', 'Erlotinib']

entities_list: @entity1504 :: ('MESH:D002561', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial disease']

entities_list: @entity401 :: ('MESH:D017563', 'Disease') :: ['interstitial lung disease']

entities_list: @entity2359 :: ('MESH:D020258', 'Disease') :: ['neurotoxicity']

answer: @entity3866 :: (MESH:C400278,Chemical) :: ['erlotinib']


abstract: PURPOSE: Although a temporary diverting stoma is a frequent surgical procedure for the protection of @entity254 in a sphincter-preserving operation for @entity5 , its impact on @entity834 is not conclusive. This study was designed to evaluate @entity834 complications after ultralow anterior resection and handsewn coloanal @entity254 without a diverting stoma for @entity5 @entity1 . METHODS: Between January 1995 and December 2005, 96 @entity1 were treated by ultralow anterior resection and handsewn coloanal @entity254 for @entity5 . Fifty-one @entity1 received preoperative concurrent chemoradiation, whereas 45 had no preoperative treatment. No diverting stoma was created in any of these cases. The @entity834 complications were evaluated between the groups. RESULTS: Six of 96 @entity1 (6.1 percent) developed @entity834 complications: three @entity834 stenoses, one partial @entity834 dehiscence, one @entity733 , and one @entity3622 . All of the complications occurred in the preoperative radiation group, whereas none from the nonradiation group had an @entity834 complication (P=0.017). The @entity1 with @entity850 and partial dehiscence were managed conservatively. The @entity1 with @entity733 was treated with debridement, irrigation and drainage, and seton procedure with a transanal approach. The @entity1 with @entity3622 underwent a second coloanal @entity254 . CONCLUSIONS: The @entity834 complication rate was low even without a diverting stoma. This study suggests that a diverting stoma is not necessary when performing a handsewn coloanal @entity254 for @entity5 however, an effort should be made for healthy @entity834 healing in @entity1 with @entity5 who are preoperatively radiated.

title: A diverting stoma is not necessary when performing a handsewn coloanal XXXX for @entity5 .

entities_list: @entity834 :: ('MESH:D057868', 'Disease') :: ['anastomotic', 'anastomotic leakage']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['lower rectal cancer', 'rectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity3622 :: ('MESH:D012006', 'Disease') :: ['rectovaginal fistula']

entities_list: @entity733 :: ('MESH:D000038', 'Disease') :: ['retrorectal abscess']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

answer: @entity254 :: (MESH:C563598,Disease) :: ['anastomosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity6 Control and Complications Trial/Epidemiology of @entity6 Intervention and Complications analyses demonstrated that intensive insulin therapy was inversely associated with incident @entity101 . We thus sought to confirm these observations and, given sex differences in other @entity2412 and risk factors, assessed whether any such associations differ by sex. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: @entity1 of a prospective cohort of childhood-onset @entity164 1 @entity6 , free of @entity101 at study entry (baseline mean age, 28 years; @entity6 duration, 19 years), were selected for study (n = 510). @entity101 incidence was defined as blood pressure >140/90 mmHg or use of @entity101 medications in two consecutive visits. Intensive insulin therapy was defined as three or more injections (or pump) and four or more @entity413 tests daily. Baseline predictors of @entity101 were examined using Cox proportional hazards models. Models with time-dependent updated means of baseline significant variables were also constructed. RESULTS: @entity101 incidence over 18 years of follow-up was marginally higher in @entity1 than in @entity1 (43.2 vs. 35.4%, P = 0.07). A significant interaction was noted between sex and HbA(1c), and separate models were constructed by sex. Multivariably, elevated HbA(1c) was a significant predictor only in @entity1 (hazard ratio 1.48 [95% CI 1.28-1.71]). In time-dependent models, although a significant effect of HbA(1c) was also seen in @entity1 (1.21 [1.00-1.46]), the effect of glycemic control on @entity101 development remained stronger in @entity1 (1.59 [1.29-1.97], P interaction <0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Although @entity4854 is a risk factor for @entity101 , its effect is stronger in @entity1 compared with @entity1 with @entity164 1 @entity6 .

title: Differential effect of glycemia on the incidence of @entity101 by sex: the epidemiology of XXXX study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'women', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'Hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetes', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity2412 :: ('MESH:D048909', 'Disease') :: ['type 1 diabetes complications']

entities_list: @entity4854 :: ('MESH:D006943', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemia']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity2412 :: (MESH:D048909,Disease) :: ['diabetes complications']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is an important risk factor for @entity453 . However, its localization in @entity1 coronary plaques is not well understood. The present study was performed to visualize LDL in @entity1 coronary artery wall. METHODS: (1) The fluorescence characteristic of LDL was investigated by color fluorescent microscopy (CFM) with excitation at 470-nm and emission at 515-nm using @entity51483 dye (NB) as a biomarker. (2) Native LDL in 40 normal segments, 42 white plaques and 35 yellow plaques (20 with @entity39 core) of @entity1 coronary arteries was investigated by color fluorescent angioscopy ( @entity3795 ) and CFM. RESULTS: (1) NB elicited a brown, golden and red fluorescence characteristic of LDL, apolipoprotein B-100, and @entity6579 / @entity412 , respectively. (2) The % incidence of LDL in normal segments, white, and yellow plaques was 25, 38 and 14 by @entity3795 and 42, 42 and 14 by CFM scan of their luminal surface, respectively, indicating lower incidence (p<0.05) of LDL in yellow plaques than white plaques, and no significant differences in detection sensitivity between @entity3795 and CFM. By CFM transected surface scan, LDL deposited more frequently and more diffusely in white plaques and yellow plaques without @entity39 core (NC) than normal segments and yellow plaques with NC. LDL was localized to fibrous cap in yellow plaques with NC. Co-deposition of LDL with other lipid components was observed frequently in white plaques and yellow plaques without NC. CONCLUSIONS: (1) Taken into consideration of the well-known process of coronary @entity851 , the results of the present study suggest that LDL begins to deposit before plaque formation; increasingly deposits with @entity851 , often co-depositing with other lipid components; and disappears after @entity39 core formation. (2) @entity3795 is feasible for visualization of LDL in @entity1 coronary artery wall.

title: Molecular imaging of low-density lipoprotein in XXXX coronary plaques by color fluorescent angioscopy and microscopy.

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['plaque growth']

entities_list: @entity6579 :: ('MESH:D008244', 'Chemical') :: ['lysophosphatidylcholine']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrotic']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Periapical surgery needs asepsis, a bloodless field for ensuring success of the treatment. Efficacy of @entity4279 (PVI) in the elimination of pathogen causing @entity1548 is well established. PVI is also widely used as a disinfectant, sclerosing agent, styptic as well as an anti-odematous agent. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective pilot study done on 20 males between 20-40 years age group with @entity1548 in single rooted maxillary anterior tooth of 1-2 cm in diameter. The bleeding time, clotting time, bleeding time at the apex, drugs used and visual analogue scale of @entity4 on postoperative days were obtained. Descriptive statistics, paired t test and independent t-test were used. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Results show a statistically significant reduction in the time required to achieve a bloodless field and a marked decrease in @entity4 in the first and second postoperative days resulting in lesser consumption of NSAIDs. In conclusion, the effect of PVI in periapical surgery seems to reduce the bleeding time at apex, total dose of NSAIDs used, @entity4 on first two postoperative days with high statistical significance. Hence the routine use of saline in periapical surgeries may be effectively substituted with PVI. The finding of this pilot study has to be evaluated using wider samples for effective clinical translations.

title: Role of XXXX in periapical surgeries: Hemostyptic and anti-inflammatory?

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['oedema']

entities_list: @entity1548 :: ('MESH:D010483', 'Disease') :: ['periapical lesions']

entities_list: @entity4279 :: ('MESH:D011206', 'Chemical') :: ['Povidone Iodine']

answer: @entity4279 :: (MESH:D011206,Chemical) :: ['povidone iodine']


abstract: PURPOSE: Biliary tract lesions are comparatively rare @entity5 , with ambiguous indications for radiotherapy. The specific aim of this study was to report the clinical results of a single-institution biliary tract series treated with modern radiotherapeutic techniques, and detail results using both conventional and image-guided intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IG-IMRT). METHODS AND MATERIALS: From 2001 to 2005, 24 @entity1 with primary @entity420 of the biliary tract (gallbladder and extrahepatic bile ducts) were treated by IG-IMRT. To compare outcomes, data from a sequential series of 24 @entity1 treated between 1995 and 2005 with conventional radiotherapy (CRT) techniques were collected as a comparator set. Demographic and treatment parameters were collected. Endpoints analyzed included treatment-related acute @entity137 and survival. RESULTS: Median estimated survival for all @entity1 completing treatment was 13.9 months. A statistically significant higher mean dose was given to @entity1 receiving IG-IMRT compared to CRT, 59 vs. 48Gy. IG-IMRT and CRT cohorts had a median survival of 17.6 and 9.0 months, respectively. Surgical resection was associated with improved survival. Two @entity1 (4%) experienced an RTOG acute @entity137 score>2. The most commonly reported GI @entity137 (RTOG Grade 2) were @entity390 or @entity294 requiring oral medication, experienced by 46% of @entity1 . CONCLUSION: This series presents the first clinical outcomes of @entity1125 treated with IG-IMRT. In comparison to a cohort of @entity1 treated by conventional radiation techniques, IG-IMRT was feasible for biliary tract @entity5 , warranting further investigation in prospective clinical trials.

title: Image-guided intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IG-IMRT) for XXXX : Initial clinical results.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplasms', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1125 :: ('MESH:D001661', 'Disease') :: ['biliary tract cancers']

answer: @entity420 :: (MESH:D000230,Disease) :: ['biliary adenocarcinomas']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the therapeutical effects of KANGFUXINYE on the upper @entity344 induced by @entity6453 in @entity35 , and to explore the proper mechanism. METHODS: A total of 120 adult @entity35 male @entity35 were randomly divided into three groups, control group (CG), @entity3628 ( @entity3628 ) and @entity34 ( @entity34 ), 40 @entity35 each group. The @entity3628 and @entity34 were given 20% @entity6453 50 mg/kg by oral administration, after 2 h the @entity34 was given KANGFUXINYE solution 1.5 ml by oral administration, 3 times a day. The CG was given normal saline. On the 3rd, 6th, 9th, 12th and 15th days after exposure, 8 @entity35 of each group were killed respectively, and the tissues from esophagus and stomach were collected and examined by HE staining for observing the @entity130 . The @entity224 dismutase (SOD) and @entity1234 ( @entity1865 ) of serum were detected. RESULTS: On the 3rd, 6th, 9th, 12th and 15th days after exposure, the results of pathological examination showed that the @entity130 in @entity34 was significantly relieved as compared with @entity3628 , the activity of serum SOD reduced obviously and the @entity1865 levels increased significantly in @entity3628 , as compared with CG (P<0.05). The activity of serum SOD increased obviously and the @entity1865 levels decreased significantly in @entity34 , as compared with @entity3628 (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The results of present indicate that KANGFUXINYE has the therapeutical effects on the upper @entity344 caused by @entity6453 in @entity35 . The mechanism of therapeutical effects may be due to the increasing SOD activity, eliminating free radicles and inhibiting the lipid peroxidation.

title: [The experimental study of therapeutical effects of KANGFUXINYE on upper @entity344 induced by XXXX in @entity35 ].

entities_list: @entity6453 :: ('MESH:D010269', 'Chemical') :: ['paraquat']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal injury']

entities_list: @entity3628 :: ('MESH:D004195', 'Disease') :: ['MG', 'model group']

entities_list: @entity1234 :: ('MESH:D008315', 'Chemical') :: ['malondialdehyde']

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['mucosa injury']

entities_list: @entity34 :: ('MESH:D016609', 'Disease') :: ['treatment group', 'TG']

answer: @entity6453 :: (MESH:D010269,Chemical) :: ['paraquat']


abstract: In general, @entity1 hair is claimed to turn yellower after sun exposure. This is particularly affirmed for white hair. However, quantitative data relating yellowness to hair type and to the radiation wavelength are missing. This work shows results of the effect of full or UVB-filtered radiation of a @entity349 vapor or a xenon-arc lamp on the yellowness of virgin white, dark-brown, blond and red hair. All hair types showed a substantial change in yellowness after irradiation, which is dependent on the hair type and radiation wavelength. Surprisingly, white hair turns less yellow after both full and UVB-filtered radiation exposure. This effect is more pronounced when UVB is filtered from the radiation system. The only radiation that shows a photo-yellowing effect on white hair is infrared. As the yellowness of white hair is commonly related to @entity2340 degradation, fluorescence experiments with hair solutions were performed to identify the natural degradation of @entity2340 which occurs in hair after light irradiation. Pigmented hairs were also studied, as well as hair treated with a bleaching solution. Although we observe a decrease in @entity2340 content of hair after lamp radiation, a direct correlation with hair yellowness was not achieved. Results are discussed in terms of hair type, composition and melanin content.

title: Photo yellowing of XXXX hair.

entities_list: @entity2340 :: ('CHEBI:27897', 'Chemical') :: ['tryptophan']

entities_list: @entity349 :: ('MESH:D008628', 'Chemical') :: ['mercury']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: @entity28398 ( @entity7608 ) is a uniform mixture of low-molecular weight @entity1521 -rich polypeptides isolated from the mother's first milk, colostrum. Exposure of cells to @entity7608 decreases intracellular levels of reactive @entity26 species by regulating @entity2041 metabolism and modulating activities of antioxidant enzymes and mitochondrial function. It also inhibits beta amyloid-induced apoptosis and induces neurite outgrowth of @entity1911 cells. Administration of @entity7608 to @entity195 @entity1 has resulted in a stabilizing effect on cognitive function. We analyzed @entity7608 -induced gene expression changes using high-density oligonucleotide arrays and transcriptomal network analysis. We found that @entity7608 elicited highly complex and multiphasic changes in the gene expression profile of treated cells. @entity7608 treatment affected a total of 58 molecular networks, 27 of which contained at least 10 differentially expressed genes. Here we present @entity7608 -modulated gene networks as potential underlying molecular mechanisms leading to the reported effects of @entity7608 on cellular oxidative state, chemokine and cytokine production, and cell differentiation, as well as on pathological processes like @entity566 , @entity565 , Alzheimer's, and other @entity16 . Based on our results, we also predict possible modulatory effects of @entity7608 on adipocytokine gene networks that play a crucial role in the pathobiology of @entity6 , @entity65 , @entity28 , and @entity32 . Taken together, @entity7608 -altered gene expression networks presented here provide the molecular basis for previously described biological phenomena and predict potential fields of application for @entity7608 in the prevention and treatment of diseases.

title: Effects of XXXX on gene expression-transcriptomal network analysis.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity1911 :: ('MESH:D010673', 'Disease') :: ['pheochromocytoma']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity2041 :: ('MESH:D005978', 'Chemical') :: ['glutathione']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological diseases']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["Alzheimer's disease"]

entities_list: @entity1521 :: ('CHEBI:26271', 'Chemical') :: ['proline']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disorders']

entities_list: @entity28398 :: ('MESH:C105874', 'Chemical') :: ['Colostrinin']

answer: @entity28398 :: (MESH:C105874,Chemical) :: ['Colostrinin']


abstract: PURPOSE: To improve @entity66 control and survival with organ preservation, we conducted a phase II multi-institutional trial with a concomitant @entity3907 -based chemotherapy and hyperfractionated radiation regimen. @entity1 AND METHODS: Sixty-four @entity1 with locally advanced @entity5 (stage IV, 98%; N2/3, 81%) were treated on an intensive regimen consisting of 5-day (120-hour) infusions of @entity1311 (20 mg/m(2)/d) and @entity1487 (600 mg/m(2)/d), oral @entity1862 500 mg every 12 hours for 11 doses, and radiation 1.5 Gy bid (T-FH2X). Chemoradiation was administered concomitantly on days 1 to 5 of each 14-day cycle. A full treatment course consisted of five cycles during a 10-week period to a total radiation dose of 72 to 75 Gy. RESULTS: The median follow-up for the group is 34 months. At 3 years, progression-free survival is 63%, locoregional control is 86%, and systemic control is 79%; overall survival is 60%. Seventeen @entity1 died of recurrent @entity5 , two died of second @entity5 , and four died of other causes. Side effects observed include @entity417 (22% required transfusion), @entity1210 (34%, grade 3 to 4), and @entity33 (84%, grade 3 to 4). Organ preservation principles were maintained. At 1 year posttreatment, 61% of @entity1 had severe @entity2133 and 47% had compromised swallowing. There was little disturbance of speech quality in 97% of @entity1 at the same follow-up point. CONCLUSION: T-FH2X is a highly active and tolerable concomitant chemotherapy and hyperfractionated radiation regimen that induces sustained @entity5 control and holds promise for improved survival with organ preservation in high-risk @entity1 . Identification of less toxic therapy and improved distant disease control are needed. T-FH2X should be tested in a randomized trial and compared with a less intensive concomitant regimen that uses once-daily radiation fractionation.

title: Concomitant infusional @entity1311 and @entity1487 , oral XXXX , and hyperfractionated radiation for locally advanced squamous head and neck cancer.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['local disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['primary cancers', 'cancer', 'local tumor', 'squamous cancers']

entities_list: @entity1862 :: ('MESH:D006918', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxyurea']

entities_list: @entity2133 :: ('MESH:D014987', 'Disease') :: ['xerostomia']

entities_list: @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['mucositis']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorouracil']

entities_list: @entity1210 :: ('MESH:C536227', 'Disease') :: ['leucopenia']

answer: @entity1862 :: (MESH:D006918,Chemical) :: ['hydroxyurea']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the distributions of common and significant imaging findings from breast imagings at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospitals. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Data was collected from every mammography performed from November 1, 2001 to October 31, 2002. The reports were analyzed and imaging findings were recorded. The @entity12169 BI-RADS category was applied to all cases. RESULTS: There were 4264 @entity1 and all of them were female. The age range was between 19-90 years and average age was 50.1 years. The most common positive findings were cysts (39.22%), followed by focal lesions (14.76%), mass (8.69%), architectural distortion (7.83%), @entity730 (7.36%) and thick ducts (3.76%). According to @entity12169 BI-RADS, most of the studies were in category 2 (42.59%), followed by category 1 (38.67%), category 3 (12.08%) category 5 (3.45%), category 4 (3.12%) and category 0 (0.09%). CONCLUSION: Breast imaging is the standard screening tool for @entity0 and can reveal different kinds of findings. Knowing the distribution of these findings helps both the radiologists to understand the scope of their work and the institution to audit their practice.

title: Abnormal findings in breast imaging: a hospital-based survey in 4264 Thai XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['calcification']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between consumption of alcoholic beverages and @entity2 risk. METHODS: Data were collected in two population-based case-control studies, conducted in Montreal (Study I--mid-1980s and Study II--mid-1990s). Study I included 699 cases and 507 controls, all males; Study II included 1094 cases and 1468 controls, males and females. In each study group (Study I @entity1 , Study II @entity1 and Study II @entity1 ) odds ratios (OR) were estimated for the associations between beer, wine or spirits consumption and @entity2 , while carefully adjusting for smoking and other covariates. The reference category included abstainers and occasional drinkers. RESULTS: For Study I @entity1 , @entity2 risk increased with the average number of beers/week consumed (for 1-6 beers/week: OR=1.2, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.9-1.7; for >or=7 beers/week: OR=1.5, 95% CI: 1.1-2.1). For Study II @entity1 , beer consumption appeared harmful only among subjects with low fruit and vegetable consumption. In Study II, wine consumers had @entity2 risk, particularly those reporting 1-6 glasses/week ( @entity1 : OR=0.3, 95% CI: 0.2-0.4; @entity1 : OR=0.6, 95% CI: 0.4-0.8). CONCLUSIONS: Beer consumption increased @entity2 risk, particularly so among @entity1 who had relatively low fruit and vegetable consumption. Moderate wine drinkers had @entity2 risk.

title: Consumption of alcoholic beverages and risk of XXXX : results from two case-control studies in Montreal, Canada.

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['low lung cancer', 'decreased lung cancer', 'lung cancer']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['lung cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: Gastroesophageal reflux causes @entity32 and @entity1944 and its downstream sequelum @entity420 in the distal esophagus. The incidence of @entity420 has increased approximately 6-fold in the United States since the 1970s, accompanied with a significant increase in the prevalence of @entity354 ( @entity354 ). Despite extensive epidemiologic study, the cause for @entity354 and the unexpected increases remain unexplainable. Microbes are among the environmental factors that may contribute to the etiology of @entity354 , but very little research has been done on the esophageal microbiome, particularly in its relation to @entity354 . This is the first comprehensive reported correlation between a change in the esophageal microbiome and @entity1208 . METHODS: Biopsy samples of the distal esophagus were collected from 34 @entity1 . Host phenotypes were histologically defined as normal, @entity2910 , or @entity355 ( @entity1944 ). Microbiomes from the biopsy samples were analyzed by bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA gene survey and classified into types using unsupervised cluster analysis and phenotype-guided analyses. Independence between host phenotypes and microbiome types were analyzed by Fisher exact test. RESULTS: Esophageal microbiomes can be classified into 2 types. The type I microbiome was dominated by the genus Streptococcus and concentrated in the phenotypically normal esophagus. Conversely, the type II microbiome contained a greater proportion of gram-negative anaerobes/microaerophiles and primarily correlated with @entity2910 (odds ratio, 15.4) and @entity355 (odds ratio, 16.5). CONCLUSIONS: In the @entity1 distal esophagus, @entity32 and @entity1944 are associated with global alteration of the microbiome. These findings raise the issue of a possible role for @entity6636 in the pathogenesis of @entity74 .

title: @entity32 and XXXX of the distal esophagus are associated with alterations in the microbiome.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'human']

entities_list: @entity1944 :: ('MESH:D007410', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal metaplasia']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity355 :: ('MESH:D001471', 'Disease') :: ["Barrett's esophagus"]

entities_list: @entity2910 :: ('MESH:D004941', 'Disease') :: ['esophagitis']

entities_list: @entity6636 :: ('MESH:D064806', 'Disease') :: ['dysbiosis']

entities_list: @entity1208 :: ('MESH:D004935', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal diseases']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['reflux-related disorders']

entities_list: @entity354 :: ('MESH:D005764', 'Disease') :: ['gastroesophageal reflux disease', 'GERD']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal adenocarcinoma', 'adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity1944 :: (MESH:D007410,Disease) :: ['intestinal metaplasia']


abstract: Expandable metallic stents were successfully introduced in 7 @entity1 , including 4 with left main @entity850 caused by @entity378 , 2 with main @entity850 caused by @entity2 and one with @entity6184 caused by @entity2347 . The length of stenosis was 1.5-5 cm. The stents were 1.5-2.5 cm long with barbs, and their full expanded diameter was 1.5 cm. Balloon dilatation was performed before stenting in all cases. The stents were inserted by using a 10-12 Fr catheter. In all @entity1 except the one with @entity6184 , stents were introduced under local anesthesia without any difficulties. No migration of stents occurred. After stent placement, there were no respiratory difficulties, and radionuclide lung perfusion scan and chest radiographic findings such as lung atelectasis showed marked improvement in three cases. Combined therapy of stent placement and bronchial arterial infusion chemotherapy showed marked effectiveness in one case with @entity2 . Expandable metallic stents were very useful in eliminating @entity19926 .

title: [Clinical evaluation of stent placement for tracheal and XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity19926 :: ('MESH:C566362', 'Disease') :: ['tracheobronchial stenosis symptoms']

entities_list: @entity2347 :: ('MESH:D003528', 'Disease') :: ['adenoid cystic carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity6184 :: ('MESH:D014135', 'Disease') :: ['tracheal stenosis']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['bronchial stenosis']

entities_list: @entity378 :: ('MESH:D014376', 'Disease') :: ['bronchopulmonary tuberculosis']

answer: @entity850 :: (MESH:D003251,Disease) :: ['bronchial stenosis']


abstract: PURPOSE: Adjuvant chemotherapy is currently recommended for Stage IIIA @entity694 . This study aimed to elucidate the oncologic outcomes of Stage IIIA @entity694 according to the chemotherapeutic regimen based on a retrospective review. METHODS: From 1995 to 2008, Stage IIIA @entity694 @entity1 were identified from a prospectively maintained database at a single institution. Exclusion criteria were as follows: @entity5 , another @entity694 , no adjuvant chemotherapy and unknown chemotherapeutic regimen. One hundred thirty-one @entity1 were enrolled in the study, and the clinicopathologic and the oncologic characteristics were analyzed. The number of males was 72, and the number of females was 59; the mean age was 59.5 years (range, 25 to 76 years), and the median follow-up period was 33 months (range, 2 to 127 months). RESULTS: Of the 131 @entity1 , @entity1487 / @entity4181 (FL)/ @entity416 chemotherapy was performed in 109 @entity1 , and FOLFOX chemotherapy was performed in 22 @entity1 . When the @entity1 who received FL/ @entity416 chemotherapy and the @entity1 who received FOLFOX chemotherapy were compared, there was no significant difference in the clinicopathologic factors between the two groups. The 5-year overall survival and the 5-year disease-free survival were 97.2% and 94.5% in the FL/ @entity416 @entity1 group and 95.5% and 90.9% in the FOLFOX @entity1 group, respectively, and no statistically significant differences were noted between the two groups. CONCLUSION: Stage IIIA @entity694 showed good oncologic outcomes, and the chemotherapeutic regimen did not seem to affect the oncologic outcome.

title: Oncologic Outcomes of Stage IIIA XXXX for Different Chemotherapeutic Regimens.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4181 :: ('MESH:D002955', 'Chemical') :: ['leucovorin']

entities_list: @entity416 :: ('MESH:C110904', 'Chemical') :: ['capecitabine']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['rectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy other than colon cancer', 'colon cancer', 'colon cancers']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorouracil']

answer: @entity694 :: (MESH:D003110,Disease) :: ['Colon Cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity674 ( @entity674 ) are the most common @entity5 of the digestive tract. The pathological diagnosis is based on microscopy and immunohistochemistiy. AIM: To review the experience of our surgical unit in @entity1 with @entity674 MATERIAL AND METHODS: Review of medical records of 15 @entity1 (aged 66+/-13 years, 11 @entity1 ), with a pathological diagnosis of @entity674 , treated between 1999 and 2005. RESULTS: The main presenting symptoms were @entity476 in 40%, hematemesis in 20%, @entity490 in 60% and @entity417 in 13%. In only one @entity1 , the @entity5 appeared as an incidentaloma. All @entity1 underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy A CAT scan was done in 87%, a barium swallow in 60% and a digestive endosonography in 20%. Thirteen @entity5 were located in the stomach and two in the small bowel. Mean @entity5 diameter was 5.3+/-1.7 cm. Surgical management was a @entity5 resection in 40%, a partial gastrectomy in 27%, a total gastrectomy in 20% and an intestinal excision in the rest. Mean hospital stay was 6.9+/-4.2 days. No @entity260 were recorded. CONCLUSIONS: The main clinical presentation of @entity674 in this retrospective series was an upper @entity360 . Surgical treatment was devoid of complications.

title: [ @entity674 . Review of 15 XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['mesenchymatous tumors', 'tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity674 :: ('MESH:D046152', 'Disease') :: ['GIST', 'Gastrointestinal stromal tumors']

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal bleeding']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: The protein product of the @entity17367 gene, coding for the @entity5463 receptor type 2, is essential for vasopressin-dependent concentration of the urine. The @entity369 residue at position 137 in the protein product of this gene is uniquely pivotal for function. The @entity52002 mutant inactivates the receptor conferring @entity3040 , whereas activating mutations at this same residue (i.e., @entity52003 and @entity52004 ) confer pathological water retention in the @entity3040 of inappropriate antidiuresis. These mutations were discovered in @entity1 subjects with conspicuous phenotypes in clinical water balance. Prevalence of these polymorphisms among asymptomatic individuals has not been assessed, nor has their contribution to broad interindividual variation in serum @entity1372 concentration; no data addressing minor allele frequency are available. We genotyped two large cohorts using a validated high-throughput Pyrosequencing-based assay that we designed to capture the totality of pathological variation at this important residue. In the @entity3604 in @entity1 ( @entity35638 ) Study, all @entity1 were male (i.e., hemizygous for @entity17367 gene on the X-chromosome), and @entity1 were oversampled at the extremes of the population distribution for serum @entity1372 concentration. In the Offspring Cohort of the Framingham Heart Study, male and female @entity1 were genotyped. No pathological variants affecting R137 were detected among the 5,142 @entity17367 alleles successfully genotyped. Even at the population extremes of serum @entity1372 distribution, we estimate minor allele frequency < 0.06%. We conclude that these disease-associated variants are exceedingly uncommon and do not contribute broadly to interindividual variability in serum @entity1372 concentration or to its heritability.

title: Functional polymorphisms affecting the clinically important @entity369 -137 residue of XXXX do not influence serum @entity1372 concentration at the population level.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'human', 'Men']

entities_list: @entity3604 :: ('MESH:D058866', 'Disease') :: ['Osteoporotic Fractures']

entities_list: @entity5463 :: ('MESH:D001127', 'Chemical') :: ['arginine vasopressin']

entities_list: @entity3040 :: ('MESH:D018500', 'Disease') :: ['nephrogenic syndrome', 'congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus']

entities_list: @entity369 :: ('CHEBI:29016', 'Chemical') :: ['arginine']

answer: @entity17367 :: (554,Gene) :: ['AVPR2']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We used video-assisted gasless transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) to evaluate 12 consecutive @entity1 for @entity5 with pathologically typical features in the proximal rectum. The study parameters included feasibility, results and final outcome. METHODS: A scope with an optical angle of 25 and a 7-mm diameter was used for TEM. The @entity5 was resected in full thickness. Primary closure was accomplished using a running suture of 3-0 braided absorbable suture. RESULTS: The @entity5 in these @entity1 was <15 mm in diameter. It was localized within the submucosal layer on the oral side from the peritoneal reflection and unreachable via Park's transanal approach. The mean duration of the operation was 63 min. The postoperative course in all @entity1 was free from significant complications, and all @entity1 were discharged within 1 week. None of the @entity1 had @entity282 or required sedatives. CONCLUSION: Video-assisted gasless TEM is a simple and minimally invasive procedure to treat @entity5 in the proximal rectum.

title: Clinical efficacy of video-assisted gasless transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative pain']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['benign carcinoid tumors', 'tumor', 'carcinoid tumor']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['rectal carcinoid tumor']


abstract: We report a case of @entity790 arising from the tunica dartos of the scrotum. A 43-year-old @entity1 complained of a slightly tender left scrotal mass that had enlarged over approximately 17 years. On physical examination, the @entity5 was pedunculate and attached to the lower pole of the left scrotum. The @entity5 was clearly separate from scrotal contents such as the testis, epididymis, and spermatic cord. Ultrasonography showed the @entity5 to be 20.0 X 23.5 mm in diameter. Other laboratory examination findings were normal. Under local anesthesia, the @entity5 was resected at its base with overlying skin. On histopathological examination, the @entity5 consisted of interlacing bundles of smooth muscle cells, which were positive for @entity2277 , @entity2283 , and a-actin. The @entity5 was diagnosed as @entity2909 arising from the scrotal tunica dartos. As @entity790 of the tunica dartos is rare, we have presented this case history and reviewed 23 cases that occurred in Japan.

title: [ XXXX of the tunica dartos: a case report and review of the literature in Japan].

entities_list: @entity2909 :: ('MESH:D007889', 'Disease') :: ['leiomyoma']

entities_list: @entity790 :: ('MESH:D014564', 'Disease') :: ['solitary genital leiomyoma']

answer: @entity790 :: (MESH:D014564,Disease) :: ['Solitary genital leiomyoma']


abstract: The Pediatric Oncology Group (1986-1990) conducted a study in which 48 @entity1 <3 years of age with @entity9128 were treated with prolonged postoperative @entity7730 ( @entity7730 ) and delayed @entity138 . Thirty-one @entity1 , 0-23 months of age at diagnosis ( @entity33009 ) received 2 years of @entity7730 followed by @entity138 ; while 17 @entity1 , 24-36 months of age at diagnosis ( @entity36678 ) received @entity7730 for 1 year followed by radiation. One-year survivals were 87% ( @entity33009 ) and 94% ( @entity36678 ) and 2-year survivals were 67% ( @entity33009 ) and 82% ( @entity36678 ). In subsequent years a significant divergence in survivals according to age has been noted (p = 0.04). Five-year survivals were 25.7% ( @entity33009 ) vs. 63.3% ( @entity36678 ). The curves began to diverge 1 year following diagnosis. Other than age, the only significant prognostic factor was degree of surgical resection: 5-year survivals were 66% (total resection) vs. 25% (subtotal resection). Neither the presence of metastases, degree of @entity4575 nor the degree of surgical resection varied significantly according to age at diagnosis. The most likely reason for the difference in survivals between the two age groups relates to the timing of radiation following @entity7730 , i.e., 1-year delay in @entity1 24-36 months of age compared to a 2-year delay in @entity1 0-23 months of age. An alternative but less likely hypothesis is that @entity424 in the younger @entity1 have a more aggressive biology. In contrast, survivals in the 24- to 36-month group are much better than previous reports in the literature suggesting that prolonged postoperative @entity7730 may allow both a delay in CRT as well as provide improved survivals. Based on these results, future treatment trials should emphasize maximal surgical resection and a delay in radiation of no more than 1 year.

title: Prognostic factors in @entity1 and very young XXXX with @entity9128 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity9128 :: ('MESH:C531673', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial ependymomas']

entities_list: @entity424 :: ('MESH:D004806', 'Disease') :: ['ependymomas']

entities_list: @entity4575 :: ('MESH:D000708', 'Disease') :: ['anaplasia']

entities_list: @entity7730 :: ('MESH:D064146', 'Disease') :: ['CT', 'chemotherapy']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: Blood pressure variability based on office measurement predicts outcome in selected @entity1 . We explored whether novel indices of blood pressure variability derived from the self-measured home blood pressure predicted outcome in a general population. We monitored mortality and @entity64 in 2421 Ohasama residents (Iwate Prefecture, Japan). At enrollment (1988-1995), @entity1 (mean age, 58.6 years; 60.9% @entity1 ; 27.1% treated) measured their blood pressure at home, using an oscillometric device. In multivariable-adjusted Cox models, we assessed the independent predictive value of the within-subject mean @entity551 ( @entity551 ) and corresponding variability as estimated by variability independent of the mean, difference between maximum and minimum blood pressure, and average real variability. Over 12.0 years (median), 412 @entity1 died, 139 of cardiovascular causes, and 223 had a @entity64 . In models including morning @entity551 , variability independent of the mean and average real variability (median, 26 readings) predicted total and @entity65 in all of the @entity1 (P <=0.044); variability independent of the mean predicted @entity65 in treated (P=0.014) but not in untreated (P=0.23) @entity1 ; and morning maximum and minimum blood pressure did not predict any end point (P>= 0.085). In models already including evening @entity551 , only variability independent of the mean predicted @entity65 in all and in untreated @entity1 (P <=0.046). The R(2) statistics, a measure for the incremental risk explained by adding blood pressure variability to models already including @entity551 and covariables, ranged from <0.01% to 0.88%. In a general population, new indices of blood pressure variability derived from home blood pressure did not incrementally predict outcome over and beyond mean @entity551 .

title: Home blood pressure variability as XXXX factor in the population of Ohasama.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['systolic blood pressure', 'SBP']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular mortality']

answer: @entity65 :: (MESH:D002318,Disease) :: ['cardiovascular risk']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To estimate the morphologic characteristics of @entity1030 ( @entity1030 ) induced @entity3794 . METHODS: 41 autopsy cases of @entity1030 were chosen as the study group and other 10 autopsy cases died from @entity1576 as control group. Histochemical stain and image quantitative analysis were used to identify the type of collagen. RESULTS: In 36 cases (88%) of study group, @entity82 proliferation could be seen in peri-bronchial area, especially in the bronchi under grade VI. Respiratory bronchiole and alveoli were also involved in 11 cases. The main component of collagen in @entity82 area was identified as type III collagen by sirius red stain, reticular fiber could also be seen by Gomori stain. The type III collagen in alveoli distributed interruptedly. Image quantitative analysis showed: the integral optical density (A) of type III collagen was much higher than that of type I collagen in peri-bronchial area (P < 0.01); Both A of type III and type I collagen in peri-bronchial area were higher than that in alveolar area (P < 0.01). Mucous purulent plugs, interrupted elastic fibers in bronchial wall and chronic @entity32 accompanied with @entity2617 in @entity82 area could also be seen. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1030 induced @entity3794 distributed mainly in peri-bronchial area, especially in the bronchi under grade VI. The main component of proliferative collagen was type III collagen. The genesis of @entity3794 might be associated with chronic @entity32 accompanied with lymphocytes. Peri-bronchial @entity82 , interrupt of elastic fibers in bronchial wall caused the bronchial lumen narrowed or collapsed making both @entity1224 deteriorated.

title: [A pathological study on XXXX caused by @entity1030 ].

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity2617 :: ('MESH:D017254', 'Disease') :: ['lymphocytes infiltration']

entities_list: @entity3794 :: ('MESH:D011658', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['non-respiratory diseases']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease', 'COPD']

entities_list: @entity1224 :: ('MESH:D000402', 'Disease') :: ['airway obstruction and ventilation insufficiency']

answer: @entity3794 :: (MESH:D011658,Disease) :: ['pulmonary fibrosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We have previously reported preoperative and immediate postoperative formulae to estimate mortality in @entity1 with @entity1755 ( @entity1755 ). In this study, we prospectively compared these formulae in @entity1 with @entity1755 with their actual outcomes. METHODS: Information was collected on 134 @entity1 from two centers over a 3-year period. Preoperative mortality risk was estimated using coefficients for age, level of consciousness, and @entity1167 . Mortality risk in the immediate postoperative state was based on the presence of @entity1003 , @entity63 , prolonged requirement for inotropes, time from arrival at hospital to surgery, @entity1 age, perioperative @entity583 , @entity177 , and pre-operative hemoglobin level. RESULTS: The average age was 73 years (range 30 to 92 y) and 20 of 134 (15%) @entity1 were @entity1 . Sixty-three @entity1 (47%) survived. For @entity1 with a calculated preoperative mortality risk of >90%, the sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were 25%, 98%, 95%, and 54%, respectively. For a mortality risk >80%, these values were 37%, 94%, 87%, and 57%, respectively. For @entity1 with an estimated immediate postoperative mortality risk > or = 90%, the sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were 17%, 87%, 60%, and 49%, respectively. For a predicted mortality > or = 80%, these values were 22%, 84%, 60%, and 50%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Our formula for predicting mortality for preoperative @entity1755 @entity1 may be useful for @entity1 with an estimated mortality risk >/=90%, based on the high positive predictive value. The formula for immediate postoperative @entity1755 @entity1 was not useful in predicting @entity204 .

title: Predicting @entity204 from XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1755 :: ('MESH:D001019', 'Disease') :: ['rAAA', 'ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic colitis']

entities_list: @entity1003 :: ('MESH:D001778', 'Disease') :: ['coagulopathy']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrest']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity1755 :: (MESH:D001019,Disease) :: ['ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The differentiation of severe @entity281 , such as @entity295 or @entity693 , from a @entity4297 presents a unique challenge to clinicians responsible for the care of such @entity1 in the first few weeks of life. Clinical findings are very similar in the two populations. Failure to identify the need for specific intervention, such as @entity3009 administration, by the primary care or emergency physician may result in increased morbidity or death in these @entity1 . METHODS: We undertook a retrospective review of critically ill @entity1 0 to 28 days of age presenting with either @entity2348 or @entity693 or a @entity1699 ( @entity1699 ), in order to identify historical, physical, or laboratory findings which might differentiate the two groups at presentation. Discriminant analysis was performed using the presence or absence of @entity1699 as the dependent variable. A @entity1699 index was derived to determine its sensitivity and specificity for differentiating the two groups. RESULTS: The presence of @entity1283 predicted @entity1699 with 85% sensitivity and 95% specificity. @entity1283 had a positive predictive value for @entity1699 of 0.95. Unfortunately, most of the other variables which, individually or in combination, were significantly different between the two groups demonstrated poor sensitivity for prediction of the presence of obstructive left @entity299 . Eleven of the predictor variables were chosen for inclusion in the multivariate model, and a @entity1699 index was developed which correctly classified 62/63 cases (98% sensitivity, 100% specificity). CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that while it is very difficult to differentiate these two groups at presentation, early clinical suspicion of @entity1699 with attention to key clinical parameters identified in this study may expedite appropriate intervention and enhance outcome. The multivariate model derived may provide a template from which further research can elucidate a more clinically useful tool for the clinician.

title: Differentiation of XXXX and @entity299 in the very young @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1699 :: ('MESH:D018636', 'Disease') :: ['congenital obstructive left heart syndrome', 'COLHS']

entities_list: @entity1283 :: ('MESH:D006332', 'Disease') :: ['cardiomegaly', 'Cardiomegaly']

entities_list: @entity2348 :: ('MESH:D001424', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial sepsis']

entities_list: @entity693 :: ('MESH:D008581', 'Disease') :: ['meningitis']

entities_list: @entity3009 :: ('CHEBI:26333', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandin']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['systemic infection']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart disease']

entities_list: @entity4297 :: ('MESH:D006330', 'Disease') :: ['congenital obstructive left heart abnormality']

answer: @entity281 :: (MESH:D007239,Disease) :: ['systemic infection']


abstract: Percutaneous coronary intervention within bypass grafts accounts for a significant percentage of total interventions. Bypass graft interventions are associated with an increased risk for stent @entity715 (ST), a condition that leads to significant morbidity and mortality. Despite this, the procedural characteristics and long-term outcomes of @entity1 with bypass-graft ST have not been reported. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the procedural success and long-term outcomes of @entity1 presenting with ST of coronary bypass grafts. Clinical and procedural characteristics of 205 ST cases at 5 academic hospitals were reviewed. Long-term mortality and major adverse cardiovascular events ( @entity64 , reinfarction, and revascularization) were ascertained through review of medical records and the Social Security Death Index. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to determine the association between ST in a bypass graft and long-term outcomes. Thirteen @entity1 (6%) in the cohort presented with ST of a coronary bypass graft. @entity1 with bypass-graft ST had less severe presentations with a lower proportion of ST-segment elevation @entity583 (23% vs 69%, p <0.001). Despite this, ST of a bypass graft was associated with a trend toward reduced postprocedural Thrombolysis In @entity583 (TIMI) flow grade (p = 0.09), leading to lower angiographic (58% vs 92%, p <0.001) and procedural (62% vs 92%, p <0.001) success. After multivariate adjustment, bypass-graft ST was associated with increased long-term mortality (hazard ratio 3.3, 95% confidence interval 1.0 to 10.7) and major adverse cardiovascular events (hazard ratio 2.7, 95% confidence interval 1.1 to 6.9). In conclusion, ST in coronary bypass grafts is associated with reduced angiographic and procedural success as well as increased long-term major adverse cardiovascular events compared to ST in native coronary vessels.

title: Comparison of procedural success and long-term outcomes of stent XXXX in coronary bypass grafts versus native coronary arteries.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'Myocardial Infarction']

answer: @entity715 :: (MESH:D013927,Disease) :: ['thrombosis']


abstract: Within the first 72 h of the interaction between rhizobia and their host plants, nodule primordium induction and @entity281 occur. We predicted that transcription profiling of early stages of the symbiosis between @entity4166 roots and @entity16258 would identify regulated plant genes that likely condition key events in nodule initiation. Therefore, using a microarray with about 6,000 cDNAs, we compared transcripts from inoculated and uninoculated roots corresponding to defined stages between 1 and 72 h post inoculation (hpi). Hundreds of genes of both known and unknown function were significantly regulated at these time points. Four stages of the interaction were recognized based on gene expression profiles, and potential marker genes for these stages were identified. Some genes that were regulated differentially during stages I (1 hpi) and II (6-12 hpi) of the interaction belong to families encoding proteins involved in @entity460 transport and binding, reactive @entity26 metabolism, and cytoskeleton and cell wall functions. Genes involved in cell proliferation were found to be up-regulated during stages III (24-48 hpi) and IV (72 hpi). Many genes that are homologs of defense response genes were up-regulated during stage I but down-regulated later, likely facilitating @entity281 thread progression into the root cortex. Additionally, genes putatively involved in signal transduction and transcriptional regulation were found to be differentially regulated in the inoculated roots at each time point. The findings shed light on the complexity of coordinated gene regulation and will be useful for continued dissection of the early steps in symbiosis.

title: Transcript analysis of early nodulation events in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity4166 :: ('3880', 'Species') :: ['Medicago truncatula']

entities_list: @entity16258 :: ('382', 'Species') :: ['Sinorhizobium meliloti']

answer: @entity4166 :: (3880,Species) :: ['Medicago truncatula']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe a three-generation family with @entity8482 associated with @entity121 and caused by a mutation in the gene encoding for sarcomeric thin filament protein troponin I, @entity54977 . METHODS: The authors performed clinical investigations and reviewed medical records. Muscle biopsy specimens were obtained for morphologic analysis. Genomic DNA was extracted from blood and analyzed for mutations in @entity54977 . RESULTS: The five affected individuals had @entity1159 , mild @entity2652 (mild @entity4239 , narrow @entity910 ), and no detectable @entity425 . The four affected adults had slightly increased levels of @entity908 kinase in blood, and muscle biopsy specimens showed findings of @entity121 with changes restricted to type 2 fibers. These included variability of muscle fiber size, internalized nuclei, and increased interstitial connective tissue. Analysis of @entity54977 encoding the troponin I isoform expressed in type 2 muscle fibers disclosed a heterozygous three-base in-frame deletion, 2,918-2, @entity54978 , skipping the highly conserved @entity376 at position 176. The mutation was present in all 5 affected individuals but was not identified in any of the 11 unaffected family members. CONCLUSION: Distal arthrogryposis type 1 is genetically heterogeneous, and @entity121 due to sarcomeric @entity409 may be one underlying cause of the disease.

title: A mutation in the fast skeletal muscle troponin I gene causes XXXX and @entity8482 .

entities_list: @entity2652 :: ('MESH:D005148', 'Disease') :: ['facial involvement']

entities_list: @entity4239 :: ('MESH:D008844', 'Disease') :: ['micrognathia']

entities_list: @entity8482 :: ('MESH:D001176', 'Disease') :: ['distal arthrogryposis']

entities_list: @entity908 :: ('MESH:D003401', 'Chemical') :: ['creatine']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['protein dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity910 :: ('MESH:D004409', 'Disease') :: ['palpebral fissures']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['muscle weakness']

entities_list: @entity376 :: ('CHEBI:25094', 'Chemical') :: ['lysine']

entities_list: @entity1159 :: ('MESH:D003286', 'Disease') :: ['predominantly distal congenital joint contractures']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['myopathy']

answer: @entity121 :: (MESH:D009135,Disease) :: ['myopathy']