abstract: BACKGROUND: In western countries, laparoscopic gastric banding is increasingly used in the surgical treatment of morbid @entity28 . This study aimed to investigate the feasibility, safety, morbidity, and costs of an outpatient procedure (OP) compared with an overnight stay (OS). METHODS: In a 2-year period, 50 consecutive @entity1 were randomized to an OP group or an OS group. RESULTS: In the OP group, 76% of the @entity1 were successfully discharged the same day, without readmissions. Four procedures were converted, and one complication occurred. The @entity1 in the OP group seemed to experience more @entity158 (p = 0.009). Satisfaction scores were 8.1 (OP) and 8.8 (OS) (p = 0.06). Half of the OP @entity1 and most of the OS @entity1 preferred a clinical admission. The OP treatment cost 600 @entity7634 less than OS. CONCLUSION: With proper @entity1 selection, laparoscopic gastric banding can be performed safely and at lower cost as an outpatient procedure.

title: Laparoscopic gastric banding for morbid XXXX : outpatient procedure versus overnight stay.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obesity']


abstract: AIM: The aims of this study were to assess the cognitive and @entity146 of @entity1 with @entity302 with Electrical @entity159 in slow sleep (ESES) and related syndromes and to review their EEG (electroencephalography) findings and treatment options. RESULTS: Fourteen @entity1 with ESES were evaluated and treated in 2010. Nine @entity1 had continuous spike and wave during slow-wave sleep (CSWS)/ESES syndrome, 3 had Atypical BECTS ( @entity302 with @entity1654 ), 1 had @entity4940 , and 1 had @entity12924 . The duration of ESES ranged from 6 to 52 months. Eleven (91%) @entity1 had behavioral issues, most prominent being @entity2915 . Seven of the 13 @entity1 (53%) showed evidence of borderline to moderate @entity73 . A total of 28 EEG findings of ESES were analyzed for SWI (spike-wave index). Antiepileptic drugs received by the @entity1 included @entity1092 , @entity8925 , @entity4677 , and others. Eleven @entity1 had been treated with oral @entity230 and it was found to be efficacious in seven (63%). CONCLUSION: Disabilities caused by ESES affect multiple domains. @entity1 with an SWI>50% should be followed up frequently with neuropsychological assessments. @entity230 appear to be effective, although there is a need to standardize the dose and duration of treatment.

title: Neurocognitive and neurobehavioral disabilities in XXXX with Electrical @entity159 in slow sleep (ESES) and related syndromes.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4677 :: ('MESH:C026098', 'Chemical') :: ['levetiracetam']

entities_list: @entity12924 :: ('MESH:D018887', 'Disease') :: ['Landau-Kleffner syndrome']

entities_list: @entity8925 :: ('MESH:C012255', 'Chemical') :: ['clobazam']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['behavioral problems']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment']

entities_list: @entity1092 :: ('MESH:D014635', 'Chemical') :: ['valproate']

entities_list: @entity1654 :: ('MESH:D019305', 'Disease') :: ['centrotemporal spikes']

entities_list: @entity2915 :: ('MESH:D006948', 'Disease') :: ['hyperactivity']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['Epilepsy', 'benign epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity4940 :: ('MESH:D017034', 'Disease') :: ['Opercular syndrome']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['Steroids', 'steroids']

entities_list: @entity159 :: ('MESH:D013226', 'Disease') :: ['Status Epilepticus']

answer: @entity302 :: (MESH:D004827,Disease) :: ['Epilepsy']


abstract: The T cell receptor (TCR) junctional regions (N regions) of the common @entity1 V gamma 9 and V delta 2 gene segments were sequenced from the blood and lung of normal individuals (195 transcripts) and a group of individuals with @entity370 (220 transcripts), a @entity738 in which increased numbers of V gamma 9+ gamma/delta + T cells are often observed. In normal individuals, the vast majority (86%) of blood V gamma 9 transcripts used the J gamma P gene segment. In contrast to this restriction of J region usage, there was a large diversity of the junctional region, with less than 20% of blood V gamma 9 junctional regions showing identical sequences for any one normal individual. For the blood V delta 2 transcripts in normal individuals, there was restriction of J region usage, with 93% using J delta 1. The junctional regions were even more diverse than for V gamma 9, with a unique sequence observed in each transcript examined. Compared with blood, sequences from the normal lung showed a small increase in identical junctional regions, particularly in one individual where 46% of V gamma 9 transcripts examined were identical, suggesting a response of some gamma/delta T cells to antigens found in the lung in the normal state. In marked contrast to normals, some individuals with @entity370 had large numbers of V gamma 9 transcripts, as well as V delta 2 transcripts, sharing identical sequences. For V gamma 9 blood transcripts, two individuals showed 84 and 56% of junctional region sequences to be identical, respectively. Similarly, blood V delta 2 transcripts showed 43, 33, and 25% identical junctional region sequences in three individuals. In the sarcoid @entity1 with the most striking over-representation of blood V gamma 9 junctional sequences, lung V gamma 9 transcripts showed increased (67%) use of the same junctional region sequence as in blood. This limited diversity of TCR junctional regions among some individuals with @entity370 suggests a response from specific stimuli, possibly antigenic, and that gamma/delta T cells may play a specific role in @entity738 formation in @entity370 , as has been suggested in other @entity738 .

title: Diversity in junctional sequences associated with the common XXXX V gamma 9 and V delta 2 gene segments in normal blood and lung compared with the limited diversity in a @entity738 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity370 :: ('MESH:D012507', 'Disease') :: ['sarcoidosis']

entities_list: @entity738 :: ('MESH:D006099', 'Disease') :: ['granulomatous disease', 'granulomatous diseases', 'granuloma']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: @entity2522 is widely believed to be the precursor of @entity604 ( @entity2521 ) in some individuals. However, there is no correlation between @entity2522 and severe localized lesions of alveolar bone. Specific 'periodontopathogens' of the indigenous oral flora are hypothesized to be the cause of localized lesions but the evidence to date is one of association only. Acute and chronic @entity32 are known causes of irritation to the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone; retrograde pockets may subsequently form. Contamination by indigenous organisms best adapted to the special environment of the deep pocket could be expected to follow the establishment of the new conditions. This study was undertaken to examine the clinical and histological status of the pulps of teeth affected by severe @entity75 . A total of 153 teeth in 90 subjects were studied; full periodontic and endodontic assessments were made. Seventy-seven teeth responded in the normal range to pulp testing, but 52% of these had no recoverable tissue from their root canal systems on endodontic opening. The findings indicated that @entity3466 was not clinically detectable in the majority of teeth studied when conventional endodontic diagnostic tests were applied. Rather, the presence of localized severe @entity133 was a more accurate predictor of @entity3466 .

title: Pulpal pathosis and severe XXXX : a clinical study.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['pulpal inflammation']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['localized alveolar lesions']

entities_list: @entity2522 :: ('MESH:D005891', 'Disease') :: ['gingivitis', 'Gingivitis']

entities_list: @entity604 :: ('MESH:D016301', 'Disease') :: ['crestal alveolar bone destruction']

entities_list: @entity133 :: ('MESH:D002282', 'Disease') :: ['alveolar defects']

entities_list: @entity2521 :: ('MESH:D010518', 'Disease') :: ['periodontitis']

entities_list: @entity3466 :: ('MESH:D003784', 'Disease') :: ['pulpal pathosis']

answer: @entity75 :: (MESH:D001927,Disease) :: ['alveolar lesions']


abstract: In conscious @entity35 provided with appropriate indwelling catheters the kinetic period of adaptation (short-term adaptation) of digestive enzymes was investigated in response to a rapid change of diet and to intraduodenal infusions of different food components. Flow-rate and total protein concentration of pancreatic juice were measured. Enzyme-separation by PAA-Gel-Electrophoresis and quantitative analysis of @entity9112 , chymotrypsins I and II and trypsin were performed. The specific enzymatic activity was characterized by the enzyme fraction in percent of total protein. Rapid "change of diet" in @entity35 , previously adapted for two weeks to a certain diet, caused increasing and decreasing concentrations of the corresponding enzymes respectively. The kinetic of this adaptation could well be described by exponential functions. Intraduodenal perfusion of starch, soy-bean oil or @entity1522 revealed similar changes in enzyme secretion as seen in the dietary experiments; i. e. intraduodenaL perfusion of starch caused mainly an increase in amylase secretion, soy-bean oil in @entity9112 secretion and @entity1522 in the secretion of proteases. The kinetics could be described as a definite transfer function to a rectangular stimulus. The time lag between the duodenal "stimulation" and "response" in pancreatic enzyme secretion was only a few hours. After a period of rapid change in enzyme secretion during the initial 5 hours, the secretion rises more slowly to reach steady-state level after 18-22 hours. The results of this study allow a more detailed formal description of the kinetics of pancreatic short-term adaptation to nutritional stimuli without clarifying the involved mechanisms.

title: Physiological studies of exocrine pancreatic secretion in conscious XXXX . 7th communication: short-term kinetics of adaptation of digestive enzymes to different nutritional stimuli.

entities_list: @entity9112 :: ('291437(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['lipase', 'amylases I and II, lipase']

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: This study evaluates the clinical and laboratory data of @entity1 with secondary @entity9058 (sHLH) related to @entity5 . Charts of @entity1 who met the diagnostic criteria for sHLH associated with @entity5 between January 2000-2006 at six different hospitals in @entity233 were reviewed retrospectively. The diagnosis of HLH had been established by @entity236 in 27 @entity1 , cerebrospinal fluid and @entity236 in one @entity1 and lung-liver biopsy in another. Twenty-nine @entity1 were diagnosed as having sHLH related to @entity5 . Twenty cases (18 @entity981 and 2 AML) with @entity3052 (10 @entity1 /10 @entity1 , median age: 8 years [3-14 years]) were found to have sHLH. Five @entity1 with @entity3052 had HLH at the time of diagnosis (Group 1a), and 15 @entity1 with @entity3052 were diagnosed as having sHLH during therapy (Group 1b), namely reactive sHLH associated with the chemotherapy. Nine @entity1 , including two cases each of @entity980 , @entity521 , @entity978 , and @entity1893 ( @entity1893 ) and one case with Langerhans cell histiocytosis, were diagnosed as having concomitant hemophagocytosis at the initial evaluation of the @entity5 (Group 2). @entity221 , @entity417 , and @entity2298 were present in all sHLH cases of all three groups. @entity382 was detected in 60.0%, 73.3%, and 88.8% of the three groups, respectively. @entity381 was more frequent in @entity1 of Groups 1a (60.0%) and 2 (88.8%) than in those of Group 1b, the reactive ones (13.3%). @entity6805 was detected in all @entity1 of Group 1a and Group 2. Low level of @entity2002 was present in 91.6% of @entity1 in Group 1b. All @entity1 in Group 1b (100%) had @entity1398 and @entity882 . @entity1398 was found at rates of 60.0% and 55.5% in Group 1a and Group 2, respectively. @entity882 was detected in 80.0% of @entity1 in Group 1a and 77.7% in Group 2. The overall mortality rate was 34.4% (10 cases) in our series of 29 @entity1 with sHLH; 50% of deaths were directly attributable to HLH. Pediatric @entity5 -associated HLH @entity1 have been commonly described as case presentations or in a review of the literature. We believe that our cohort, compiling 29 @entity1 regarding the association between @entity5 and HLH, will be useful for pediatricians who are interested in this still mysterious topic.

title: Malignancy-associated XXXX in pediatric cases: a multicenter study from @entity233 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'girls', 'children', 'patients', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity2298 :: ('MESH:D015228', 'Disease') :: ['hypertriglyceridemia']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ['non-Hodgkin lymphoma', 'NHL']

entities_list: @entity9058 :: ('MESH:D051359', 'Disease') :: ['hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'malignancy']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['Thrombocytopenia', 'thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute leukemia']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['Neutropenia', 'neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity6805 :: ('MESH:C531603', 'Disease') :: ['Hypofibrinogenemia']

entities_list: @entity381 :: ('MESH:D013163', 'Disease') :: ['Splenomegaly']

entities_list: @entity521 :: ('MESH:D009447', 'Disease') :: ['neuroblastoma']

entities_list: @entity382 :: ('MESH:D006529', 'Disease') :: ['Hepatomegaly']

entities_list: @entity980 :: ('MESH:D012208', 'Disease') :: ['rhabdomyosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity236 :: ('MESH:D001855', 'Disease') :: ['bone marrow aspiration']

entities_list: @entity978 :: ('MESH:D006689', 'Disease') :: ['Hodgkin disease']

answer: @entity9058 :: (MESH:D051359,Disease) :: ['hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis']


abstract: Activation of cerebral metabolism and improvement of microcirculation by influencing rheological parameters are claimed to be the underlying pharmacological principles responsible for the efficacy of @entity33563 . This dual mechanism of action led the authors to perform a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study in @entity1 with mild to moderate @entity303 (DSM III), characterized by a score of 40-90 on the @entity922 ( @entity922 ), with a separate randomization for @entity1 with @entity9398 ( @entity9398 ) and @entity195 of @entity195 (SDAT). It was calculated that 150 @entity1 would have to be recruited for each group. Allocation to the respective group ( @entity9398 or SDAT) was based on the @entity63 Score and computer tomogram. Preceded by a 2-week placebo run-in period, a 12-week treatment period followed with either 3 x 1 g @entity33563 ( @entity33563 ) or placebo. Prior to the study, the physician's rating of the global therapeutic effect from the clinical global impression (CGI) was designated as the primary criterion of efficacy. Secondary efficacy criteria were @entity922 , the @entity29916 nursing rating, and, as psychometric variables, tests from the Nuremberg Psychogeriatric Inventory (NAI). The improvement compared to placebo was statistically significant for the CGI in both treatment groups (p less than 0.0001) and hence independent of etiology. Concerning the nurses' rating ( @entity29916 ), apart from a marginally statistically significant difference for the factor "need of help" in the SDAT group, no remarkable changes were registered during treatment. However, in the @entity922 the differences between verum and placebo were significant ( @entity9398 p less than 0.0002; SDAT p less than 0.0001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Efficacy of XXXX in @entity1 with @entity303 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity33563 :: ('MESH:D014971', 'Chemical') :: ['xantinolnicotinate', 'Complamin']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['Hachinski Ischemic']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity9398 :: ('MESH:D015161', 'Disease') :: ['MID', 'Multi-Infarct Dementia']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['Alzheimer Type', 'Senile Dementia']

entities_list: @entity922 :: ('MESH:D013568', 'Disease') :: ['SCAG', 'Sandoz Clinical Geriatric Scale']

answer: @entity33563 :: (MESH:D014971,Chemical) :: ['xantinolnicotinate']


abstract: OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE: @entity884 involving the tricuspid valve is an uncommon condition, and a consequent haemothorax associated with @entity1151 is extremely rare. Particularly, there are no guidelines for the management of this complication. We describe a rare case of @entity1151 and @entity1188 followed by a haemothorax due to @entity884 of the tricuspid valve caused by @entity885 sanguinis. CLINICAL PRESENTATION: A 25-year-old @entity1 with a @entity1757 ( @entity1757 ) presented with @entity221 . On physical examination, his body temperature was 38.8    C, and a grade III holosystolic murmur was heard. A chest X- @entity16039 did not reveal any specific findings. A transoesophageal echocardiogram showed a perimembranous @entity1757 and echogenic material attached to the tricuspid valve. All blood samples drawn from three different sites yielded growth of pan-susceptible @entity885 in culture bottles. On day 12 of hospitalization, the @entity1 complained of @entity662 without @entity221 . Physical examination revealed reduced breathing sounds and dullness in the lower left thorax. On his chest computed tomography scan, @entity1143 with focal @entity8995 were noted on the left lower lung. Thoracentesis indicated the presence of a haemothorax. INTERVENTION: Our case was successfully treated using antibiotic therapy alone with adjunctive chest tube insertion, rather than with anticoagulation therapy for @entity1151 or cardiac surgery. CONCLUSION: When treating @entity884 caused by @entity885 , clinicians should include haemothorax in the differential diagnosis of @entity1 complaining of sudden @entity662 .

title: A massive haemothorax as an unusual complication of @entity884 caused by XXXX sanguinis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['pleuritic chest pain', 'chest pain']

entities_list: @entity1143 :: ('MESH:D010996', 'Disease') :: ['pleural effusion']

entities_list: @entity8995 :: ('MESH:D054060', 'Disease') :: ['infarction and pulmonary embolism']

entities_list: @entity1757 :: ('MESH:D006345', 'Disease') :: ['VSD', 'ventricular septal defect']

entities_list: @entity885 :: ('1305', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus', 'S. sanguinis']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary embolism']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarction']

entities_list: @entity884 :: ('MESH:D004696', 'Disease') :: ['Infective endocarditis', 'infective endocarditis']

answer: @entity885 :: (1305,Species) :: ['Streptococcus']


abstract: @entity135 are amongst the commonest @entity5 , accounting for approximately 20% of the @entity5 burden in India. The major risk factors are @entity286 chewing, smoking and @entity167 consumption, which are all preventable. This retrospective study presents data from the histopathology register for a five year period from 2002-2006 at Patna Medical College and Hospital, a tertiary care hospital drawing @entity1 from the entire Bihar state, the 3rd most populous state of India with the majority of the population residing in rural areas. Incidence rates based on sex, age, site of lesion, including age standardized incidence rates for males and females, with mean age of presentation, distribution of histological variants and year wise trend were calculated. Out of 455 @entity135 , 241 were benign while 214 were malignant. The most common age group for all malignant biopsies was 7th decade for males and the 5th decade for females. Malignant cases were commoner in males than females with the male:female ratio of 3.1:1, which was found to be statistically significant by the chi-square (  2) test. The crude rate and age standardized incidence rate was 0.05 and 0.06 per 100,000 population respectively. @entity957 ( @entity957 ) contributed about 96% of all cases, with grade I being the most common. Larynx was the most common site for malignancy, the supraglottic region being its most commonly affected sub-site. This observed incidence patterns in the region are a reminder of widespread unawareness, low healthcare utilization with virtually non-existent @entity5 programs. It also underlines the need to advocate for reliable cost-effective programs to create awareness, for early detection and plan appropriate management strategies. There is a compelling demand for a @entity5 registry in this region as well as proper implementation of preventive measures to combat this growing threat of @entity5 , many of whose risk factors are preventable.

title: Epidemiology and histopathological spectrum of XXXX in Bihar, a state of Eastern India.

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['Head and neck cancers', 'head and neck neoplasias']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['SCC', 'Squamous cell carcinoma']

answer: @entity135 :: (MESH:D006258,Disease) :: ['head and neck cancers']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Well-differentiated @entity2241 (WDFA) of the lung is a rare variant of @entity420 with an unusual morphology. Although the histologic features of this rare @entity5 have been well established, there is a deficit in the literature with regards to its discrete cytomorphologic features. We report the fine needle aspiration (FNA) findings of a case of this unusual malignancy in a 44-year-old @entity1 with an incidental lung nodule. FNA revealed three-dimensional clusters of epithelial cells with scant cytoplasm, hyperchromatic nuclei that are associated with an extracellular metachromatic matrix. The original cytology report was signed out as an epithelial @entity5 favor @entity2347 . Consequently, a wedge resection of the lung was done and the histologic diagnosis was WDFA of the lung. The findings of minimal nuclear atypia in association with focally abundant spheres of extracellular matrix can mimic @entity2347 . WDFA has good prognosis and therefore, pre-operative cytologic diagnosis is critical to clinical management. We present the cytomorphologic features of this @entity5 with particular emphasis on a potential diagnostic pitfall of this rare entity. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2016;44:917-920.    2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Well-differentiated XXXX of the lung mimicking @entity2347 on fine needle aspiration: A case report.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplasm']

entities_list: @entity2347 :: ('MESH:D003528', 'Disease') :: ['adenoid cystic carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity2241 :: ('MESH:D005315', 'Disease') :: ['fetal adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity2241 :: (MESH:D005315,Disease) :: ['fetal adenocarcinoma']


abstract: AIM: Zygapophysial joints have been a well-recognized source of @entity1643 . This paper compares the efficacy of lumbar zygapophysial joints blockage and medical therapy in terms of @entity158 relief, loss of working days and recurrence of @entity158 in a population with @entity1643 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: 80 @entity1 suffering from @entity1643 were included in the study. @entity1 were divided into 2 groups. @entity1 in Group I were given @entity3522 , @entity25902 and were recommended bed rest. @entity1 in Group II received zygapophysial joints blockage by @entity5403 , @entity1341 and @entity8745 . Both of the groups were evaluated with a @entity1643 disability questionnaire and visual analog scale for @entity158 . RESULTS: Posttreatment VAS and ODQ scores were significantly lower than pretreatment scores. The decrease in these scores in Group II was greater than those of Group I. CONCLUSION: Blockage of the lumbar facet joints is a rapid and effective way to reduce @entity158 originating from lumbar facet joints.

title: Effectiveness of lumbar zygapophysial joint blockage for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1643 :: ('MESH:D017116', 'Disease') :: ['Oswestry low back pain', 'low back pain', 'mechanical low back pain']

entities_list: @entity5403 :: ('MESH:D011318', 'Chemical') :: ['prilocaine']

entities_list: @entity3522 :: ('MESH:D004008', 'Chemical') :: ['diclofenac sodium']

entities_list: @entity25902 :: ('MESH:C004280', 'Chemical') :: ['thiocolchicoside']

entities_list: @entity1341 :: ('MESH:D002045', 'Chemical') :: ['bupivacaine']

entities_list: @entity8745 :: ('MESH:C000873', 'Chemical') :: ['methylprednisolone acetate']

answer: @entity1643 :: (MESH:D017116,Disease) :: ['low back pain']


abstract: PURPOSE: The aim is to study the current clinical features of @entity1906 in adult @entity1 with @entity358 in the absence of other nontubercular comorbidities. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Medical records of histopathology confirmed cases with pulmonary Kochs in a tertiary medical center of a developing country from 1993 to 2007. RESULTS: Thirty-two biopsy-proven cases of @entity28310 with @entity358 were found. @entity1 ' ages ranged from 16 to 65 years. The male-to-female ratio was 4.3:1. @entity7374 was the commonest symptom. Most of them were associated with advanced fibrocavitary @entity378 of the lungs. In the larynx, multiple, granulomatous, bilateral lesions were the commonest. Most of these lesions could be reversed with appropriate antituberculous treatment. CONCLUSION: @entity28310 with classic presentation continues to exist in developing countries. It can be the very first indication that the @entity1 has @entity378 . Hence, the otolaryngologist needs to remain vigilant to consider it in the differential diagnosis of chronic @entity9257 .

title: Clinicopathological review of XXXX in 32 cases of pulmonary Kochs.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity28310 :: ('MESH:D014387', 'Disease') :: ['Laryngeal tuberculosis', 'laryngeal tuberculosis']

entities_list: @entity9257 :: ('MESH:D007818', 'Disease') :: ['laryngeal disease']

entities_list: @entity1906 :: ('MESH:D014390', 'Disease') :: ['tubercular laryngitis']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary involvement']

entities_list: @entity7374 :: ('MESH:D006685', 'Disease') :: ['Hoarseness of voice']

entities_list: @entity378 :: ('MESH:D014376', 'Disease') :: ['tuberculosis']

answer: @entity1906 :: (MESH:D014390,Disease) :: ['tubercular laryngitis']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity1 with @entity6582 vera are at high risk for vaso-occlusive events including @entity2806 . Although unusual, acute @entity385 may be an initial presentation of @entity6582 vera. It had been previously assumed that cerebral ischemic events were due to increased blood viscosity and platelet activation within the central nervous system arterial vessels. However, there are now a few isolated case reports of probable micro-embolic events originating from outside of the brain. This suggests unique management issues for these @entity1 . CASE PRESENTATION: We present the case of a 57-year-old right-handed Caucasian male in excellent health who presented to the Emergency Department with acute right-handed clumsiness. Hematologic investigations revealed a hyperviscous state and magnetic resonance imaging was consistent with @entity999 . Symptoms rapidly improved with phlebotomy and hydration. CONCLUSION: The etiology of @entity64 in polycythemic @entity1 is likely to be multifactorial. While hemodilution has been generally discredited for general @entity64 management, it is potentially beneficial for @entity1 with @entity6582 vera and euvolemic hemodilution should be considered for the polycythemic @entity1 with @entity2806 .

title: Acute @entity2806 as an initial presentation of XXXX vera: a case report.

entities_list: @entity6582 :: ('MESH:D011086', 'Disease') :: ['polycythemia']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral ischemia', 'acute cerebral ischemia']

entities_list: @entity999 :: ('MESH:D020766', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral emboli']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity6582 :: (MESH:D011086,Disease) :: ['polycythemia']


abstract: We report the case of a @entity1 in her late twenties with @entity1278 who was difficult to treat both psychologically and physically because she resisted being treated despite presenting with various and severe physical complications, such as a @entity4501 . On admission, she weighed 24.8 kg and her body mass index was 9.6 kg/m2. Treatment on a medical ward was not possible due to her resistance to being fed and repeated secretive and deviant behaviors. Therefore, she was treated mainly on a @entity146 ward, with a psychiatrist as the attending doctor. After hospitalization for more than 3 years, she had sufficiently recovered to leave the hospital. She was discharged weighing 37.7 kg and her body mass index was 14.5 kg/m2. As physical complications, the @entity1 manifested with a @entity4501 , duodenal bulb perforation, and tension pneumothorax, which were considered to reflect the vulnerability of the intrapleural and intraperitoneal soft tissue. She also manifested with lower limb @entity4 , @entity3126 , @entity1143 , overreaction to a diuretic, @entity2700 , and @entity3489 , which were considered to reflect the disturbances of water balance. As seen in this case, a @entity1 with @entity1278 who resists being fed, even though treatment of the physical complications requires an improved nutritional status above all, may require treatment on a @entity146 ward even at the risk of providing less than ideal care for the physical complications. We discuss "medical psychiatry" as a model for treating @entity1278 @entity1 with severe physical complications. In this concept of "medical psychiatry", it is the most important that staff on the @entity146 ward take an interest in and have concerns about the @entity1 's physical complications. If the psychiatrist as the attending doctor actively and continuously participates in the treatment of physical complications, it should be possible to create a treatment plan that, although complex due to its multidisciplinary nature, is followed smoothly and consistently, and, therefore, provide @entity1 with trustworthy and appropriate medical treatment.

title: [A case of XXXX with severe physical complications resulting in long-term hospitalization].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1143 :: ('MESH:D010996', 'Disease') :: ['pleural effusion']

entities_list: @entity2700 :: ('MESH:D003681', 'Disease') :: ['dehydration']

entities_list: @entity4501 :: ('MESH:D014138', 'Disease') :: ['tracheoesophageal fistula', 'refractory tracheoesophageal fistula']

entities_list: @entity3126 :: ('MESH:D011654', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary edema']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

entities_list: @entity1278 :: ('MESH:D000856', 'Disease') :: ['anorexia nervosa']

entities_list: @entity3489 :: ('MESH:D006955', 'Disease') :: ['hypernatremia']

answer: @entity1278 :: (MESH:D000856,Disease) :: ['anorexia nervosa']


abstract: Between 1974 and 1987, 14 @entity1 (10 male and 4 female) underwent thoracotomy for treatment of @entity358 . They were studied on their clinical findings and surgical treatment. The median age was 48 years (range 19 to 71 years). Fourteen cases consisted of 9 @entity2381 and 5 @entity1328 . None of them was either debilitated or immunosuppressed before falling ill. Five of the 14 @entity1 had other @entity358 and 11 had symptoms; i.e. hemoptysis or bloody sputum in 4 cases, @entity662 in 3, fever in 3, cough and sputum in 2. Nine @entity2381 consisted of 4 aspergilloma, 3 @entity55 and 2 aspergillus @entity3509 . Three cases of @entity2381 occurred in preexisting cavity. Five @entity1328 consisted of 3 pseudotumorous, 1 disseminated small nodular, and 1 infiltrative types. Preoperative diagnosis was as follows; @entity358 , @entity2 3, @entity3509 1 and hydropneumothorax 1. Four @entity1 underwent partial resection, 8 lobectomy, 1 pneumonectomy, 1 muscle prombage and thoracoplasty. The prognosis is satisfactory. All @entity1 are alive and has no recurrence. On histopathological examination, in aspergilloma cases, invasion of aspergillus to surrounding lung tissue was not seen. In addition to well-known fact that @entity1503 hardly occurred in aspergilloma in contrast to @entity1328 . These findings suggest that aspergilloma and solitary lesion of @entity1328 should be resected, and adjuvant chemotherapy should be accompanied for @entity1328 .

title: [A study on clinical findings and surgical treatment of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['chest pain']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['aspergillus pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary tuberculosis 4, lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['blood-borne dissemination']

entities_list: @entity2381 :: ('MESH:D001228', 'Disease') :: ['aspergillosis']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary mycosis 5', 'pulmonary disease', 'pulmonary mycosis']

entities_list: @entity1328 :: ('MESH:D003453', 'Disease') :: ['cryptococcosis']

answer: @entity358 :: (MESH:D008171,Disease) :: ['pulmonary mycosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The efficacy of particulate and non-particulate @entity230 in @entity1 receiving epidural @entity479 injections remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this meta-analysis was to compare the efficacy of particulate and non-particulate @entity230 in @entity1 receiving epidural injections for @entity158 over 3 months. STUDY DESIGN: Systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS: We reviewed PubMed, PubMed Central, Scopus, Central Register of Clinical Trials of the Cochrane Collaboration, Google Scholar, and Directory of open access journals for trials that compared efficacy of particulate @entity479 with non-particulate. A meta-analysis was performed on treatment related to mean change in visual analogue score (VAS) between the particulate and non-particulate @entity230 . Two authors independently reviewed the data for inclusion. RESULTS: Seven studies comprising 3,542 @entity1 in the particulate group and 856 @entity1 in the non-particulate group were included. Pooled mean maximum change of VAS was higher by 0.53 (95% CI: 0.14 to 0.92; P = 0.007; I2 = 50.2%) in the particulate group compared to the non-particulate group. The non-particulate group had a larger proportion of @entity1 with more than 50% @entity158 relief than the particulate group [OR 0.81 (95% CI: 0.68 to 0.97, P = 0.024). LIMITATIONS: Limited number of trials that fit the inclusion criteria and were available for analysis. CONCLUSIONS: As the use of particulate @entity230 seems to be associated with slightly better VAS scores only, clinicians need to weigh their clinical relevance in the light of complications and recent FDA recommendations on the use of particulate @entity230 .

title: Particulate vs Non-Particulate @entity230 for Transforaminal Epidural XXXX Injections: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of the Current Literature.

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'radicular pain']

answer: @entity479 :: (D013256,Chemical) :: ['Steroid']


abstract: Post-mortem examination was made of 136 @entity1 who died of @entity299 from within a few minutes to 4 days after the onset to symptoms. Acute @entity583 was detected by means of the histochemistry of dehydrogenases in 102 cases (75%); in 34 cases(25%) no @entity1188 was found, but the presence of coronary obstruction together with clinical symptoms justified the diagnosis of @entity1187 . Fifty-six of the @entity1188 occurred within 2--3 h after the onset of ischaemia, 24 within 4--5 h, 12 within 6--24 h, and 10 within 1--4 days. The chances of recovery increased if the @entity1 survived for 24 h. The period of 5 h after the onset of ischaemia appeared especially important; 80 of 102 @entity1 with @entity583 died during that period. Thirty-one of 34 @entity1 with @entity1187 and 60 of 102 @entity1 with @entity583 died peracutely, i.e. within a few minutes to 2 h after the onset of symptoms. In the @entity1 of the latter group the onset of symptoms must have been delayed, otherwise none of these @entity1 could have appeared in the category of peracute @entity204 . This delay was more obvious in the @entity1 with @entity583 localized in the area supplied by the left descending artery. The occurrence of peracute @entity204 could not be correlated witha particular localization of area of @entity1188 . The causes of coronary obstructions and the role of dynamic disturbances of coronary perfusion in the pathogenesis of @entity301 and @entity583 and discussed.

title: Peracute and acute XXXX from @entity299 within 4 days of onset of symptoms.

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['acute coronary insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarctions', 'infarction']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['ischaemic heart disease']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'acute myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['death', 'deaths']

answer: @entity204 :: (MESH:D003643,Disease) :: ['death']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Deletion of chromosome 17p (del[17p]) in @entity1 with @entity6444 confers very poor prognosis when treated with standard chemo-immunotherapy. Venetoclax is an oral small-molecule @entity588 inhibitor that induces @entity6444 cell apoptosis. In a previous first-in- @entity1 study of venetoclax, 77% of @entity1 with relapsed or refractory @entity6444 achieved an overall response. Here we aimed to assess the activity and safety of venetoclax monotherapy in @entity1 with relapsed or refractory del(17p) @entity6444 . METHODS: In this phase 2, single-arm, multicentre study, we recruited @entity1 aged 18 years and older with del(17p) relapsed or refractory @entity6444 (as defined by 2008 Modified International Workshop on @entity1072 guidelines) from 31 centres in the USA, Canada, UK, Germany, Poland, and Australia. @entity1 started once daily venetoclax with a weekly dose ramp-up schedule (20, 50, 100, 200, 400 mg) over 4-5 weeks. @entity1 were then given daily 400 mg continuous dosing until disease progression or discontinuation for another reason. The primary endpoint was the proportion of @entity1 achieving an overall response, assessed by an independent review committee. Activity and safety analyses included all @entity1 who received at least one dose of study drug (per protocol). This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01889186. Follow-up is ongoing, and @entity1 are still receiving treatment. FINDINGS: Between May 27, 2013, and June 27, 2014, 107 @entity1 were enrolled into the study. At a median follow-up of 12  1 months (IQR 10  1-14  2), an overall response by independent review was achieved in 85 (79  4%; 95% CI 70  5-86  6) of 107 @entity1 . The most common grade 3-4 adverse events were @entity1398 (43 [40%]), @entity281 (21 [20%]), @entity417 (19 [18%]), and @entity882 (16 [15%]). Serious adverse events occurred in 59 (55%) @entity1 , irrespective of their relationship to treatment, with the most common (>= 5% of @entity1 ) being pyrexia and autoimmune haemolytic @entity417 (seven [7%] each), @entity55 (six [6%]), and @entity1398 (five [5%]). 11 @entity1 died in the study within 30 days of the last dose of venetoclax; seven due to disease progression and four from an adverse event (none assessed as treatment related). INTERPRETATION: Results of this trial show that venetoclax monotherapy is active and well tolerated in @entity1 with relapsed or refractory del(17p) @entity6444 , providing a new therapeutic option for this very poor prognosis population. Additionally, in view of the distinct mechanism-of-action of venetoclax, combinations or sequencing with other novel targeted agents should be investigated to further advance treatment of del(17p) @entity6444 . FUNDING: AbbVie and Genentech.

title: Venetoclax in relapsed or refractory XXXX with 17p deletion: a multicentre, open-label, phase 2 study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity1072 :: ('MESH:D015451', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia', 'febrile neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity6444 :: ('MESH:D015461', 'Disease') :: ['chronic lymphocytic leukaemia']

answer: @entity6444 :: (MESH:D015461,Disease) :: ['chronic lymphocytic leukaemia']


abstract: Vital statistics and hospital discharge data were analyzed to provide a detailed epidemiologic profile of injury among Hartford residents 0 to 19 years of age. During 1980-86, 76 @entity204 certificates identified injury as the cause of @entity204 , resulting in an annual age-specific @entity204 rate of 2.3 per 10,000 @entity1 . Injuries caused more @entity204 among one to 19 year olds (58%) than all other diseases combined. During 1982-86 injury was listed as the principal diagnosis leading to hospitalization for 2,220 Hartford residents 0 to 19 years. The hospitalization rate was 95 per 10,000 @entity1 . Injuries accounted for 16% of all hospital discharges. For ages 0 to 19, homicide was the leading injury-related cause of @entity204 accounting for 43% of fatalities. Falls were the leading cause of injury-related hospitalizations accounting for 22% if all discharges. Clay-Arsenal (23%) and the Northeast (17%) neighborhoods accounted for the largest proportion of @entity204 . Actual inpatient hospital charges for 1986 were reviewed. The total cost for 420 @entity130 utilizing 2,208 hospital days exceeded  1.4 million dollars. Fifty-one percent of the @entity130 listed Medicaid as the primary expected payment source for acute care injury-related discharges. The statistical patterns identified in this report will help public health professionals establish goals for injury control efforts such as a reduction in morbidity, mortality, severity, and/or medical costs.

title: XXXX in Hartford, Connecticut.

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['injury deaths', 'death', 'deaths']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['injury discharges']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['Childhood injuries']


abstract: Karyotype analysis can provide clues to significant genes involved in the genesis and growth of @entity788 . The genome of @entity788 is complex, and G-band analysis cannot resolve many of the karyotypic abnormalities seen. We studied the karyotypes of 15 recently established cell lines using molecular cytogenetic tools. @entity8625 ( @entity8625 ) analysis of all 15 lines identified genomic gains of 3q, 8q, 11q, 17q, and chromosome 20 in nine or more cell lines. @entity8625 confirmed frequent @entity393 , 17p, 6q, and 8p. 14/15 cell lines demonstrated @entity30378 , either by loss of a copy of chromosome 18 (n = 5), all of 18q (n = 7) or portions of 18q (n = 2). Multicolor FISH (Spectral Karyotyping, or SKY) of 11 lines identified many complex structural chromosomal aberrations. 93 structurally abnormal chromosomes were evaluated, for which SKY added new information to 67. Several potentially site-specific recurrent rearrangements were observed. Chromosome region 18q11.2 was recurrently involved in nine cell lines, including formation of derivative chromosomes 18 from a t(18;22) (three cell lines), t(17;18) (two cell lines), and t(12;18), t(15;18), t(18;20), and ins(6;18) (one cell line each). To further define the breakpoints involved on chromosome 18, YACs from the 18q11.2 region, spanning approximately 8 Mb, were used to perform targeted FISH analyses of these lines. We found significant heterogeneity in the breakpoints despite their G-band similarity, including multiple independent regions of loss proximal to the already identified loss of @entity1594 at 18q21.

title: Molecular cytogenetic characterization of XXXX cell lines reveals high complexity chromosomal alterations.

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreas cancer']

entities_list: @entity30378 :: ('MESH:C536580', 'Disease') :: ['loss of chromosome 18q']

entities_list: @entity8625 :: ('MESH:D015456', 'Disease') :: ['CGH', 'Comparative genomic hybridization']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['loss of chromosome 18']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreas cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity1 with previous neck external beam radiotherapy (XRT) diagnosed with idiopathic @entity3746 ( @entity3746 ) can harbour sinister pathology. A case series of such @entity1 found to have @entity1263 ( @entity1263 ) is presented and combined with a literature review. Management and survival outcomes are analyzed. DESIGN: Case series and systematic literature review. SETTING: Academic tertiary care @entity5 centre. METHODS: The University of Alberta's head and neck mass database was gleaned for vagal XRT-induced @entity1263 (2001-2011). Charts were reviewed for @entity1 and @entity5 demographics, diagnostic methods, pathology, treatment, and survival. A systematic literature review identified similar @entity1 . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Kaplan-Meier estimated actuarial survival rates were the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes included the mean time from XRT to presentation and to @entity5 recurrence as well as a summary of @entity1 / @entity5 characteristics, diagnostic methods, and treatment options. RESULTS: Two institutional and seven additional literature-wide cases were found. The median age was 34 years, the median time from XRT to @entity808 was 22 years, and all @entity1 were surgically treated. The median time from surgery to recurrence was 2.5 years. Estimated 2- and 5-year survival rates were 71% and 54%, respectively. CONCLUSION: XRT-induced @entity808 can present as idiopathic @entity3746 two decades post-XRT. Treatment is surgical and offers acceptable survival.

title: Idiopathic @entity3746 in the radiated neck: a harbinger for malignant XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1263 :: ('MESH:D010524', 'Disease') :: ['vagal malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumours', 'MPNSTs']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity3746 :: ('MESH:D014826', 'Disease') :: ['VCP', 'vocal cord paralysis']

answer: @entity1263 :: (MESH:D010524,Disease) :: ['peripheral nerve sheath tumour']


abstract: New drugs are available for managing several common @entity272 . For @entity1569 , topical corticosteroids remain the first-line therapy, but topical @entity3875 analogs, such as @entity2116 , now have a role. They are as effective as medium-potency topical steroids but without @entity134 side effects, though they can induce @entity2741 if the dose exceeds 100 g/week. For more severe cases, @entity1499 has been widely used, but other drugs now also are prescribed. They include calcineurin inhibitors, such as @entity205 , and more recently, biologic agents, such as @entity5 necrosis factor inhibitors. For @entity1 and pregnant @entity1 , in whom the previously discussed drugs are not appropriate, narrowband UV-B light often is the first-line treatment. For @entity484 , @entity1 requiring @entity134 -sparing topical drugs can be treated with calcineurin inhibitors (ie, @entity14429 or @entity1140 ); between the 2, @entity1140 is the first choice for adults and @entity1 older than 2 years. When systemic management is needed, oral calcineurin inhibitors (eg, @entity205 ) are appropriate, though oral @entity230 often are needed for severe cases. The need for systemic management can sometimes be delayed with use of diluted bleach baths. For @entity5477 , standard treatments with topical @entity18575 and topical or systemic antibiotics are used widely, as are oral contraceptives, but oral @entity10211 is the most effective treatment.

title: @entity272 : new drugs for managing XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity5477 :: ('MESH:D000152', 'Disease') :: ['acne vulgaris']

entities_list: @entity1569 :: ('MESH:D011565', 'Disease') :: ['psoriasis']

entities_list: @entity2741 :: ('MESH:D006934', 'Disease') :: ['hypercalcemia']

entities_list: @entity18575 :: ('MESH:D001585', 'Chemical') :: ['benzoyl peroxide']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporine']

entities_list: @entity14429 :: ('MESH:C117268', 'Chemical') :: ['pimecrolimus']

entities_list: @entity10211 :: ('MESH:D015474', 'Chemical') :: ['isotretinoin']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin disorders']

entities_list: @entity2116 :: ('MESH:C055085', 'Chemical') :: ['calcipotriene']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

entities_list: @entity1140 :: ('MESH:D016559', 'Chemical') :: ['tacrolimus']

answer: @entity272 :: (MESH:D012871,Disease) :: ['skin disorders']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Radiological procedures utilizing intravascular contrast media are being widely applied for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. This has resulted in the increasing incidence of procedure-related contrast-induced @entity8 . In Israel, data on the incidence of @entity8046 and its consequences are lacking. OBJECTIVES: To describe the epidemiology of @entity8046 among hospitalized @entity1 in the Western Galilee Hospital, Nahariya (northern Israel), and to explore the impact of @entity8046 on mortality and length of stay. METHODS: The study group was a historical cohort of 1111 @entity1 hospitalized during the year 2006 who underwent contrast procedure and whose serum @entity1011 level was measured before and after the procedure. Data were electronically extracted from different computerized medical databases and merged into a uniform platform using visual basic application. RESULTS: The occurrence of @entity8046 among hospitalized @entity1 was 4.6%. Different @entity8046 rates were noticed among various high risk subgroups such as @entity1 with @entity177 (14.1%-44%). Average in-hospital length of stay was almost twice as long among @entity1 with @entity8046 compared to subjects without this condition. Furthermore, the in-hospital death rate among @entity8046 @entity1 was 10 times higher. A direct association was observed between severity of @entity8046 based on the RIFLE classification and risk of mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Low @entity8046 occurrence was demonstrated in general hospitalized @entity1 (4.6%), and high rates (44%) in selected high risk subgroups of @entity1 (with @entity177 or @entity6 ). Furthermore, prolonged length of stay and high in-hospital mortality were directly related to @entity8046 severity.

title: Contrast-induced XXXX among Israeli hospitalized @entity1 : incidence, risk factors, length of stay and mortality.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['nephropathy']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal insufficiency', 'renal insufficiency and diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['nephropathy']


abstract: PURPOSE: The role of hematopoietic @entity8 ( @entity8 ) in first complete remission ( @entity3432 ) for @entity1 with @entity6632 ( @entity6632 ) @entity981 ( @entity981 ) is still under critical discussion. @entity1 AND METHODS: In the @entity981 -Berlin-Frankfurt-M  nster (BFM) 90 and @entity981 -BFM 95 trials, 387 @entity1 were eligible for @entity8 if there was a matched sibling donor (MSD). @entity11511 ( @entity981 ) @entity1 with poor in vivo response to initial treatment represented the largest homogeneous subgroup within @entity6632 @entity1 . RESULTS: Of 191 high-risk (HR) @entity981 @entity1 , 179 @entity1 (94%) achieved @entity3432 . Twenty-three @entity1 received an MSD- @entity8 . Furthermore, in @entity981 , eight matched unrelated donors (MUDs) and five mismatched family donors (MMFDs) were used. The median time to @entity8 was 5 months (range, 2.4 to 10.8 months) from diagnosis. The 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) was 67% +/- 8% for 36 @entity1 who received an @entity8 in @entity3432 and 42% +/- 5% for the 120 @entity1 treated with chemotherapy alone having an event-free survival time of at least the median time to transplantation (Mantel-Byar, P = .01). Overall survival (OS) rate for the @entity8 group was 67% +/- 8% at 5 years, whereas @entity1 treated with chemotherapy alone had an OS rate of 47% +/- 5% at 5 years (Mantel-Byar, P = .01). Outcome of @entity1 who received MSD- @entity8 versus MUD-/ @entity32762 - @entity8 was comparable (DFS, 65% +/- 10% v 69% +/- 13%, respectively). However, relapses only occurred after MSD- @entity8 (eight of 23 @entity1 ), whereas treatment-related mortality only occurred after MUD-/ @entity32762 - @entity8 (four of 13 @entity1 ). CONCLUSION: @entity8 in @entity3432 is superior to treatment with chemotherapy alone for childhood @entity981 .

title: Superiority of allogeneic hematopoietic @entity8 compared with chemotherapy alone in high-risk @entity11511 : results from XXXX -BFM 90 and 95.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['stem-cell transplantation', 'SCT']

entities_list: @entity981 :: ('MESH:D054198', 'Disease') :: ['T-ALL', 'ALL', 'trial ALL-BFM 95', 'HR-T-ALL', 'acute lymphoblastic leukemia']

entities_list: @entity6632 :: ('MESH:C536353', 'Disease') :: ['very high-risk', 'VHR']

answer: @entity981 :: (MESH:D054198,Disease) :: ['ALL']


abstract: BACKGROUND: High grade @entity11 (HGG) are typically treated with a combination of surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Three dimensional (3D) conformal radiotherapy treatment planning is still the main stay of treatment for these @entity1 . New treatment planning methods suggest better dose distributions and organ sparing but their clinical benefit is unclear. The purpose of the current study was to compare normal tissue sparing and @entity5 coverage using four different radiotherapy planning methods in @entity1 with high grade @entity11 . METHODS: Three dimensional conformal (3D), sequential boost IMRT, integrated boost (IB) IMRT and Tomotherapy (TOMO) treatment plans were generated for 20 high grade @entity11 @entity1 . T1 and T2 MRI abnormalities were used to define GTV and CTV with 2 and 2.5 cm margins to define PTV1 and PTV2 respectively. RESULTS: The mean dose to PTV2 but not to PTV1 was less then 95% of the prescribed dose with IB and IMRT plans. The mean doses to the optic chiasm and the ipsilateral globe were highest with 3D plans and least with IB plans. The mean dose to the contralateral globe was highest with TOMO plans. The mean of the integral dose (ID) to the brain was least with the IB plan and was lower with IMRT compared to 3D plans. The TOMO plans had the least mean D10 to the normal brain but higher mean D50 and D90 compared to IB and IMRT plans. The mean D10 and D50 but not D90 were significantly lower with the IMRT plans compared to the 3D plans. CONCLUSION: No single treatment planning method was found to be superior to all others and a personalized approach is advised for planning and treating high-grade @entity11 @entity1 with radiotherapy. Integral dose did not reflect accurately the dose volume histogram (DVH) of the normal brain and may not be a good indicator of delayed radiation @entity137 .

title: A dosimetric comparison of four treatment planning methods for high grade XXXX .

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['glioma', 'gliomas']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

answer: @entity11 :: (MESH:D005910,Disease) :: ['glioma']


abstract: @entity28 is associated with many severe @entity102 and deciphering its development and molecular mechanisms is necessary for promoting treatment. Previous studies have revealed that mitochondrial content is down-regulated in @entity28 , @entity6 , and @entity1561 ( @entity1561 ) and proposed that @entity1561 and @entity6 are @entity2383 . However, the exact mechanisms underlying these processes remain unclear. In this study, we discovered that @entity23945 down-regulated the content and activities of mitochondria, enhanced @entity1560 , and induced insulin resistance (IR) in @entity19 . The time course indicated that the change in mitochondrial content was before the change in fat accumulation and development of insulin resistance. When the mitochondrial content was maintained, resistin did not stimulate hepatic fat accumulation. The present mutation study found that the residue Thr464 of the @entity1992 subunit of nuclear factor kappa B was essential for regulating mitochondria. A proximity ligation assay revealed that resistin inactivated peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha ( @entity7111 ) and diminished the mitochondrial content by promoting the interaction of @entity1992 and @entity7111 . Signaling-transduction analysis demonstrated that resistin down-regulated mitochondria by a novel protein kinase C/protein kinase G/ @entity1992 / @entity7111 -signaling pathway. CONCLUSION: Resistin induces @entity1560 through diminishing mitochondrial content. This reveals a novel pathway for mitochondrial regulation, and suggests that the maintenance of normal mitochondrial content could be a new strategy for treatment of @entity28 -associated diseases.

title: @entity23945 reduces mitochondria and induces @entity1560 in XXXX by the protein kinase C/protein kinase G/ @entity1992 / @entity7111 pathway.

entities_list: @entity1560 :: ('MESH:D005234', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic steatosis']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['Obesity', 'obesity']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic diseases']

entities_list: @entity1561 :: ('MESH:D065626', 'Disease') :: ['NAFLD', 'nonalcoholic fatty liver disease']

entities_list: @entity2383 :: ('MESH:D028361', 'Disease') :: ['mitochondrial diseases']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: @entity4091 is a distinct clinical syndrome that may present with a segmental zoster paresis. Although thoracic dermatomes are the most commonly affected, paresis of the abdominal muscles has been less frequently reported. To review the existing published evidence regarding this unusual clinical entity, a literature search of PubMed and Google was performed. In total, 35 articles that described 36 individual cases were identified. The information from all the cases was tabulated for the analysis. The mean age was 67.5 years. The ratio of @entity1 to @entity1 was approximately 4:1. The left and right side were approximately equally affected. The most affected associated dermatome was @entity3138 . In 88.9% of the @entity1 , the typical herpetic rash preceded the @entity425 . The mean latent period from rash to onset of @entity425 was 3.5 weeks. Electrodiagnostic studies confirmed the diagnosis in 95% of the tested @entity1 . Complete recovery with conservative measures occurred in 79.3% of the @entity1 who were followed-up for recovery, with a mean time for recovery of 4.9 months. @entity16 co-occurred in 19.4% of the @entity1 . Because of its self-limited nature and good prognosis, recognition of this complication is important to prevent unnecessary diagnostic studies and procedures. Electrodiagnostic studies can be effectively used to confirm the diagnosis. Because @entity16 commonly co-occurs with segmental zoster abdominal paresis, it should be actively investigated and treated.

title: Segmental zoster abdominal paresis ( XXXX ): a review of the literature.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['visceral neuropathy', 'Visceral neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal muscle weakness', 'abdominal weakness']

entities_list: @entity4091 :: ('MESH:D006562', 'Disease') :: ['Herpes zoster']

answer: @entity4091 :: (MESH:D006562,Disease) :: ['zoster pseudohernia']


abstract: INTRODUCTION AND AIM: This paper deals with a novel chapter of @entity439 surgery, the stent-graft implantation. The interdisciplinary cooperation between angio-radiology and surgery made available a much less invasive therapeutic option. The new technique was first applied in 1991.The authors present the technique, conditions and results of the procedure and also give a survey on the domestic situation. METHOD: In general anaesthesia using inguinal approach a self-expanding stent-graft (diameter: 8 mm) equipped with barbs was inserted in the aorta and deployed into the @entity439 under X-ray guidance. Vanguard (Boston-Scientific Co.), Talent (Medtronic Co.) and Exluder (Gore-Tex Co.) instruments were used. RESULTS: In 40 @entity1 (29 @entity1 and 11 @entity1 , mean age: 59.7 years) 55 stent-grafts were implanted. Thirty-one thoracic and 9 infrarenal @entity439 were treated. In 3 @entity1 @entity1756 , in 3 other instances covered @entity1756 , and in 3 @entity1 symptomatic @entity449 were treated. Thirty-one @entity1 underwent elective procedures. Two deaths occurred in the early, and 4 in the late postoperative period (at months 3, 6, 7 and 36 postoperatively). In 9 @entity1 adjunctive vascular surgery interventions were performed in 13 instances. Primary @entity1070 occurred in 3, whereas secondary @entity1070 was observed in 4 instances. All of these healed spontaneously. The authors compared the domestic results with internationally published data. This included 1120 traditional @entity439 resections and 110 stent-graft implantations performed in Hungary and 2283 surgical and 3843 endovascular procedures published in international scientific journals. CONCLUSIONS: The indications for this new procedure are still being formed. Despite the higher incidence of complications, this less traumatic intervention can be applied with benefit for @entity1 . Nevertheless, at the time being, financial considerations may prevent the more widespread use in the practice. In Hungary the conditions are already available for this endovascular treatment and the authors support its employment.

title: [New chapter of vascular surgery; stent-graft placement in the treatment of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'persons', 'men']

entities_list: @entity449 :: ('MESH:D001014', 'Disease') :: ['aortic aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms', 'aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity1756 :: ('MESH:D017542', 'Disease') :: ['ruptured aneurysm']

answer: @entity449 :: (MESH:D001014,Disease) :: ['aortic aneurysm']


abstract: @entity5953 is a member of the paired box transcription factors involved in development and its expression has been well characterized among @entity1583 of B-cell lineage. Its expression has also been reported in a @entity3270 , @entity5 , @entity3852 , @entity463 , and @entity521 cell lines. As such, we sought to assess it as a diagnostic marker in the evaluation of pediatric small round blue cell @entity5 . @entity5 selected for evaluation included @entity2875 (55 cases), @entity3943 ( @entity3943 ) (51 cases), @entity521 (22 cases), @entity3969 (18 cases), Ewing @entity5 (11 cases), @entity981 (8 cases), @entity4177 (6 cases), and @entity4585 (3 cases) as either cores in a tissue microarray or whole mount sections. All cases were immunostained using an antibody directed toward @entity5953 and immunoreactivity was scored semiquantitatively according to percentage of nuclear staining. As expected, all B-cell lymphoblastic lymphomas were strongly immunoreactive against @entity5953 . Additionally, all @entity3969 showed staining of variable intensity, most intensely in the epithelial component. Of the @entity980 cases, 34 of 51 (67%) @entity3943 were immunoreactive whereas none of the 55 @entity2875 cases stained. No other @entity5 type on the array was immunoreactive toward @entity5953 . Genetic information was available on 7 @entity3943 , 5 of which had characteristic translocations involving PAX genes, either t(2:13) or t(1;13). Of the translocation-positive cases, all showed nuclear reactivity toward @entity5953 , and both the translocation-negative cases did not. Possible explanations of @entity5953 staining include aberrant expression of the @entity5953 transcription factor, @entity5953 expression in normal tissue at the time the @entity5 most closely recapitulates in development or crossreactivity with another member of the PAX family. @entity22284 and @entity4739 fusion genes characterize the majority of @entity3943 making crossreactivity with these proteins an attractive theory, and suggest that @entity5953 immunoreactivity may be specific for translocation-positive @entity3943 . Further study in a larger series of @entity980 is warranted to assess the sensitivity and specificity of @entity5953 immunoreactivity for the @entity3943 variant.

title: PAX immunoreactivity identifies XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3852 :: ('MESH:D015266', 'Disease') :: ['Merkel cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity980 :: ('MESH:D012208', 'Disease') :: ['rhabdomyosarcoma', 'rhabdomyosarcomas']

entities_list: @entity981 :: ('MESH:D054198', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoblastic lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Family of Tumors', 'tumor', 'urothelial tumors', 'tumors', 'Tumors']

entities_list: @entity4585 :: ('MESH:D023981', 'Disease') :: ['granulocytic sarcoma']

entities_list: @entity1583 :: ('MESH:D019337', 'Disease') :: ['hematopoietic malignancies']

entities_list: @entity521 :: ('MESH:D009447', 'Disease') :: ['neuroblastoma']

entities_list: @entity2875 :: ('MESH:D018233', 'Disease') :: ['embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity3969 :: ('MESH:D009396', 'Disease') :: ['Wilms tumor', 'Wilms tumors']

entities_list: @entity3943 :: ('MESH:D018232', 'Disease') :: ['ARMS', 'alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity463 :: ('MESH:D005909', 'Disease') :: ['glioblastoma']

entities_list: @entity3270 :: ('MESH:D018278', 'Disease') :: ['subset of neuroendocrine carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity4177 :: ('MESH:D018197', 'Disease') :: ['hepatoblastoma']

answer: @entity3943 :: (MESH:D018232,Disease) :: ['alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma']


abstract: Background To investigate potential changes in perceptual, acoustic and @entity1 -reported outcomes over 12 months for @entity5 @entity1 treated with radiotherapy. Material and methods A total of 40 @entity1 with @entity5 treated with curative intent by radiotherapy were included in this prospective longitudinal descriptive study. @entity1 were followed pre-radiotherapy, one month, six months and 12 months post-radiotherapy, where voice recordings and @entity1 -reported outcome instruments (European Organization for Research and Treatment of @entity5 Quality-of-Life Questionnaire Core30, Head and Neck35, Swedish Self-Evaluation of Communication Experiences after @entity5 ) were completed at each appointment. Perceptual analysis, using the Grade-Roughness-Breathiness-Asthenia-Strain scale and vocal fry parameters, and acoustic measures including harmonics-to-noise ratio (HNR), jitter, shimmer and mean spoken fundamental frequency (MSFF) were produced from voice recordings. Results All @entity1 presented with dysphonic voices pre-radiotherapy, where 95% demonstrated some degree of @entity3746 . This variable improved significantly immediately post-radiotherapy, however, then deteriorated again between six and 12 months. Vocal fry also increased significantly at 12 months. Acoustic measures were abnormal pre- and post-treatment with no significant change noted except for MSFF, which lowered significantly by 12 months. Health-related quality of life (HRQL) deteriorated post-radiotherapy but returned to pretreatment levels by 12 months. Conclusion By 12 months, most perceptual, acoustic, @entity1 -reported voice and HRQL outcomes for @entity5 @entity1 treated by radiotherapy had showed no significant improvements compared to pretreatment function. Further studies are required to investigate potential benefits of voice rehabilitation following radiotherapy.

title: A prospective longitudinal study of voice characteristics and health-related quality of life outcomes following XXXX treatment with radiotherapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3746 :: ('MESH:D014826', 'Disease') :: ['vocal roughness']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['laryngeal cancer', 'Tis-T3 laryngeal cancer', 'Laryngeal Cancer', 'Cancer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['laryngeal cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Type two @entity6 (T2DM) is caused and progressed by an individual's lifestyle and, therefore, its optimal day-to-day management may involve the @entity1 taking responsibility for this, including fulfilling a planned and prescribed exercise regime used as part of the treatment. A prescription of exercise designed to meet a @entity1 's individual needs with minimal supervision from healthcare practitioners would facilitate this. However, the optimal prescription of exercise in the population remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: This review examines the effects planned self-directed exercise has on glycosylated haemoglobin and other outcomes in individuals with T2DM and aims to identify the most suitable forms of planned self-directed exercise for individuals with T2DM that can be carried out independently. METHODS: A search of the electronic databases PubMed, SPORTDiscus, CINAHL, EMBASE, Cochrane (Trials) and ClinicalTrials.gov was conducted along with reference lists of previous reviews. Randomised controlled trials published in English between January 1990 and February 2015 examining @entity1 diagnosed with T2DM only were included. Studies were critically appraised using the PEDro (Physiotherapy Evidence Database) scale and data were presented on standardised tables. RESULTS: Twenty-eight articles that used five element gymnastics, a games console exercise intervention (Wii fit plus) or aerobic, resistance or combined training were included. CONCLUSION: This review comprehensively summarised the effects planned self-directed exercise interventions had on individuals with T2DM. The review found that self-directed exercise was found to be beneficial for individuals with T2DM for improving glycosylated haemoglobin, physical characteristics, @entity410 , functional measures and other metabolic outcomes.

title: Effects of Self-directed Exercise Programmes on Individuals with XXXX : A Systematic Review Evaluating Their Effect on HbA1c and Other Metabolic Outcomes, Physical Characteristics, @entity410 and Functional Outcomes.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['cardiorespiratory fitness']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus']


abstract: Defining absolute @entity146 or neurological contraindications among kidney transplantation candidates is controversial, especially taking into account that graft outcomes are similar to other groups of @entity1 . The social support network should be exhaustively evaluated to ensure adherence to immunosuppressive therapy and minimization of complications resulting from the @entity146 . We reviewed transplants (n = 668) in our center between January 2001 and August 2008 searching for @entity1 with a diagnosis of neurological or @entity146 disease before renal transplantation. We also reviewed demographic data, social support networks, @entity1 and graft survivals as well as transplant complications. Twelve @entity1 were transplanted with @entity16 : seven with @entity73 and five with @entity146 . Nine @entity1 had good social support networks. The mean follow-up time was 2.65 +/- 2.42 years. The graft loss rate was 34% (n = 4), including only one attributed to a @entity146 , namely, nonadherence to immunosuppressive therapy. Regarding complications, four were related to the @entity146 : @entity4053 due to @entity2690 @entity1445 , @entity1174 because of altered pharynx-larynx motility, @entity2753 related to @entity734 , and @entity2700 . @entity1 survival in this period was 91.7%. The one @entity1 died due to @entity881 secondary to @entity1576 with a functioning graft. In summary, @entity146 should not be considered to be contraindications for kidney transplantation although a social support network is essential and must be carefully evaluated.

title: Kidney transplantation complications related to XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity2700 :: ('MESH:D003681', 'Disease') :: ['malnutrition plus dehydration']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric', 'neuropsychiatric disorders', 'psychiatric diseases', 'mental disorder', 'neuropsychiatric disorder']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological or psychiatric disorders']

entities_list: @entity4053 :: ('MESH:D007003', 'Disease') :: ['hypoglycemia']

entities_list: @entity1174 :: ('MESH:D011015', 'Disease') :: ['aspiration pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory sepsis']

entities_list: @entity881 :: ('MESH:D009102', 'Disease') :: ['multiple organ failure']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['diuretic abuse']

entities_list: @entity2753 :: ('MESH:D007010', 'Disease') :: ['hyponatremia']

answer: @entity16 :: (MESH:D009422,Disease) :: ['psychiatric or neurological disorders']


abstract:
Background. The authors report their own experience with percutaneous vertebroplasty. Percutaneous vertebroplasty is a technique which allows to inject acrylic surgical cement into the vertebral body. This is minimally invasive method indicated in treatment of certain spinal lesions affecting the vertebral bodies, as @entity3604 , @entity2695 and @entity5 .
 Material and methods. Since October 1999 the authors treated 7 @entity1 with @entity2695 of the vertebral bodies and 11 @entity1 with @entity18431 . Cement injections were realized under local anesthesia.
 Results. In group of 7 cases with spinal metastases 3 @entity1 declared important @entity158 relief. All 7 @entity1 with @entity2695 declared no @entity158 in follow-up.
 Conclusions. Percutaneous vertebroplasty is well-tolerated by @entity1 . Filling by cement is efficace in treatment of @entity2695 . Filling of spinal neoplasmatic lesions result in @entity158 relief.

title: Percutaneous vertebroplasty with methyl methacrylate bone cement in the treatment of @entity2695 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3604 :: ('MESH:D058866', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporotic fractures']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2695 :: ('MESH:D006391', 'Disease') :: ['angiomas', 'spinal angiomas', 'vertebral angiomas']

entities_list: @entity18431 :: ('MESH:D013125', 'Disease') :: ['spinal neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['focal neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'palliative pain']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['neoplasms']


abstract: To examine the mechanism of recombination and the role of DNA repair in this process, we transfected a plasmid carrying duplicated copies of the Herpes simplex virus I @entity1014 kinase (Htk) gene, each containing an 8 bp XhoI site inserted in a unique site and with the neo coding for @entity11185 resistance located between them, into tk-deficient @entity1 cell lines which differ in their ability to carry out @entity377 excision repair. One parental cell line has a normal level of repair activity; the second has an intermediate level, and the third has virtually no repair activity. Several @entity11185 -resistant transfectant cell strains from each parental line were isolated and assayed for the ability to undergo productive recombination giving rise to tk+ cells. Approximately 25% of them could do so. Southern blot analysis of these transfectants indicated that the majority contained a single copy, or at most, two copies of the plasmid integrated into the chromosome. Fluctuation analysis tests to determine the rate of spontaneous recombination (events per 10(6) cells per cell generation) in the various cell strains showed that the rates ranged from 0.15 to 4.1. The mean rate for the cell strains derived from the repair-deficient cell line was 3.6; for those derived from the cells with an intermediate rate, it was 0.8; and for those with a normal rate of excision repair, it was 0.9. Southern blot analysis of tk+ recombinants showed that in all cases, one of the Htk genes had become wild-type, i.e., XhoI-resistant. 90% of the recombinants retained the Htk gene duplication, consistent with non-reciprocal transfer of genetic information, i.e., gene conversion. The rest contained a single, wild-type Htk gene, consistent with a single reciprocal exchange within a chromatid or a single unequal exchange between sister chromatids. These cell strains will be useful for investigating the role of DNA damage and repair in homologous recombination.

title: Intrachromosomal homologous recombination in XXXX cells which differ in @entity377 excision-repair capacity.

entities_list: @entity11185 :: ('MESH:C010680', 'Chemical') :: ['geneticin']

entities_list: @entity377 :: ('CHEBI:36976', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotide']

entities_list: @entity1014 :: ('MESH:D013936', 'Chemical') :: ['thymidine']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: While use of mammography is limited, due to concerns related to radiation exposure, dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), commonly available in medical care settings, is characterized by low radiation exposure. METHODS: In the current paper, we compared breast density measured by DXA with mammographic density in 101 adult @entity1 who had a screening mammogram during the last 2 years. DXA scans of both breasts were taken using a clinical DXA system calibrated to measure breast density. The total projected breast area was manually delineated on each image and percent fibroglandular volume density (%FGV), absolute fibroglandular volume, total breast area and volume were computed. After digitizing mammographic films, total breast area, dense area, and @entity2101 ( @entity2101 ) were estimated using computer-assisted mammographic density assessment. RESULTS: Both DXA and mammographic measures showed high correlations between left and right breasts ranging from 0.85 to 0.98 (p<0.0001). Mean %FGV was 38.8  14.3%, and mean @entity2101 was 31.9  18.2% for craniocaudal views and 28.3  16.2% for mediolateral views. The correlation between the two measures was 0.76 for both views (p<0.0001). Associations with common risk factors showed similar patterns for DXA and mammographic densities; in particular, the inverse associations with BMI and age at menarche were evident for both methods. Multilinear regression with stepwise selection indicated an explained variance of 0.56 for %FGV alone and of 0.58 for %FGV plus number of @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Despite some differences in methodology, the current comparison suggests that DXA may provide a low-radiation option in evaluating breast density.

title: Comparison of breast density measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry with mammographic density among adult XXXX in Hawaii.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'children']

entities_list: @entity2101 :: ('MESH:C538394', 'Disease') :: ['PD', 'percent density']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to adjust the @entity9611 ( @entity5647 ) release from solid tablets to an ideal profile, by developing matrices comprising swellable polymers with nonswellable ones. METHODS: Directly compressed matrices comprised different ratios of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose @entity27526 and @entity20184 , @entity27527 , and @entity3679 ( @entity21049 (  ) RS PO and @entity21049 (  ) RL PO) were prepared. Technological characterization and evaluation of the in vitro release behavior were carried out. Cell density and viability following drug exposure were evaluated by the SRB method, for the Caco-2 line, while cell morphology was assessed upon Trypan blue staining. RESULTS: A specific formulation containing 5% of each excipient - HPMC @entity27526 , HPMC @entity20184 , @entity21049 (  ) RS PO, and @entity21049 (  ) RL PO - was found to yield the best release profile. Application of the Korsmeyer-Peppas model to the dissolution profile evidenced that a non-Fickian (anomalous) transport is involved in the drug release. Regarding the influence of the tablets' composition on the drug's cytotoxic effect toward the Caco-2 cell line, a reduction of cell biomass (0-15%) was verified for the distinct @entity5647 formulations tested, F19 having displayed the @entity137 , after 24 and 48   h of incubation. Additionally, a high reversibility of the @entity5647 effect was observed. CONCLUSIONS: The results showed that the simultaneous application of both hydrophilic and hydrophobic polymers can modulate the drug release process, leading to an improved efficacy and @entity1 compliance. All @entity5647 formulations studied were found to be cytotoxic against Caco-2 cells, F19 being the most effective one.

title: New sustained release of XXXX matrix tablets - cytotoxicity toward Caco-2 cells.

entities_list: @entity9611 :: ('MESH:D015215', 'Chemical') :: ['zidovudine']

entities_list: @entity27526 :: ('p|SUB|K|15|M', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['K15M']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['highest cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity27527 :: ('MESH:C013517', 'Chemical') :: ['ethylcellulose']

entities_list: @entity3679 :: ('MESH:C008384', 'Chemical') :: ['methacrylic acid']

answer: @entity9611 :: (MESH:D015215,Chemical) :: ['zidovudine']


abstract: @entity75 ( @entity75 ) surgery, an effective treatment for medication-refractory @entity191 ( @entity191 ), may also lead to selective cognitive declines. In this continuation of a report by Zahodne et al. (2009), we compare cognitive performance of 24 @entity191 @entity1 who underwent unilateral implantation of the globus pallidus internal segment (GPi) or subthalamic nucleus (STN) to that of 19 @entity191 controls. We used group statistical comparisons as well as Reliable Change Indexes (RCIs) to examine performance on measures of memory, processing speed, executive function, and visuospatial perception at baseline and 16 months after surgery. Significant between-group differences were noted on a psychomotor processing speed task. However, a significantly higher proportion of @entity75 @entity1 than controls demonstrated reliable individual decline on a word list recall task (HVLT-R) and on several processing speed tests. Reliable improvements were noted on tests of visuospatial functioning. There was variability in individual outcome on executive functioning tests, with a small proportion of @entity75 @entity1 demonstrating reliable decline and some demonstrating reliable improvement. Use of Reliable Change highlights the occurrence of individual variability, revealing declines and improvements in a small proportion of unilateral @entity75 @entity1 that were not evident upon group comparison. These findings must be interpreted in light of group-level differences between the @entity191 control and @entity75 @entity1 on demographic and disease-related factors.

title: Cognitive declines after unilateral deep brain stimulation surgery in XXXX : a controlled study using Reliable Change, part II.

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['Deep brain stimulation', 'DBS']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease", 'PD']

answer: @entity191 :: (MESH:D010300,Disease) :: ['Parkinson's disease']


abstract: Kyphoplasty is a recognized treatment option in the management of symptomatic @entity3814 , osteolytic vertebral metastases or haemangioma. To our knowledge, kyphoplasty with @entity4625 in a @entity1 with @entity6926 ( @entity6926 ) and a vertebral compression @entity174 has not been reported so far. We report on a 58-year-old @entity1 with @entity6926 and a vertebral compression @entity174 at L2 with undislocated posterior vertebral wall and an additional older L1 @entity174 . Because of severe @entity615 resistant to conservative therapy over 5 months the indication for percutaneous kyphoplasty was made. Preoperative adjacent endplates of L2 were nearly parallel. Radiologically a minimal loss of height of the L2 vertebra was seen without adjacent @entity174 at 9 months follow-up. A slight increase of the preoperative kyphotic angle of overlying vertebrae L1 (8.7 degrees/10.3 degrees) and T12 (10.4 degrees/11.0 degrees) was apparent. The visual analogue scale showed decrease of @entity1643 from 10 to 2 allowing mobilization with a walking frame. Kyphoplasty constitutes a minimal invasive therapeutic alternative in the treatment of @entity174 in @entity6926 and @entity158 , resistant to conservative treatment. Similar to the results of @entity3604 the immediate reduction of @entity158 and stabilization of the @entity174 in undislocated fragments can be achieved. No adjacent @entity174 occurred 9 months postoperatively after kyphoplasty in @entity6926 . Preoperative parallelism of the endplates seems to protect from adjacent @entity174 .

title: The role of kyphoplasty in the management of XXXX : risk or benefit?

entities_list: @entity4625 :: ('MESH:D019904', 'Chemical') :: ['polymethylmethacrylate']

entities_list: @entity1643 :: ('MESH:D017116', 'Disease') :: ['low back pain']

entities_list: @entity3604 :: ('MESH:D058866', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporotic fractures']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'vertebral fractures', 'fracture']

entities_list: @entity3814 :: ('MESH:D050815', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporotic compression fractures']

entities_list: @entity615 :: ('MESH:D001416', 'Disease') :: ['back pain']

entities_list: @entity6926 :: ('MESH:D010013', 'Disease') :: ['type I osteogenesis imperfecta', 'type I OI', 'OI']

answer: @entity6926 :: (MESH:D010013,Disease) :: ['osteogenesis imperfecta']


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate the @entity5 control rates in locally advanced @entity135 using accelerated hypofractionated radiotherapy with chemotherapy. METHODS AND MATERIALS: The data from @entity1 with @entity1544 , oropharynx, oral cavity, and hypopharynx (International Union Against @entity5 Stage II-IV), who received accelerated hypofractionated radiotherapy with chemotherapy between January 1, 1998, and April 1, 2005, were retrospectively analyzed. Two different chemotherapy schedules were used, @entity3003 and @entity1499 , both single agents administered on an outpatient basis. The endpoints were overall survival, local control, and disease-free survival. RESULTS: A total of 81 @entity1 were analyzed. The 2-year overall survival rate was 71.6% (95% confidence interval [CI], 61.5-81.8%). The 2-year disease-free survival rate was 68.6% (95% CI, 58.4-78.8%). The 2-year local control rate was 75.4% (95% CI, 65.6-85.1%). When excluding @entity1 with Stage II oral cavity, larynx, and hypopharynx @entity5 , 68 @entity1 remained. For these @entity1 , the 2-year overall survival, local control, and disease-free survival rate was 67.6% (95% CI, 56.0-79.2%), 72.0% (95% CI, 61.0-83.0%), and 64.1% (95% CI, 52.6-75.7%), respectively. CONCLUSION: Accelerated hypofractionated radiotherapy and synchronous chemotherapy can achieve high @entity5 control rates while being resource sparing and should be the subject of prospective evaluation.

title: Hypofractionated accelerated radiotherapy with concurrent chemotherapy for locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head-and-neck cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['carboplatin']

entities_list: @entity1544 :: ('MESH:D018307', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell cancer of the larynx']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

answer: @entity135 :: (MESH:D006258,Disease) :: ['head and neck']


abstract: The effects of @entity1169 (PRO), a nonselective beta-adrenergic receptor (beta-AR) antagonist with membrane-stabilizing action on bone metabolism, were examined in spontaneously @entity101 @entity35 (SHR) showing @entity170 with @entity2915 of the sympathetic nervous system. Treatment of SHR with PRO at 1 and 5 mg/kg p.o. for 12 weeks increased bone mass of the lumbar vertebra and proximal tibia without affecting blood pressure, but PRO at 50 and 100 mg/kg with @entity551 action did not increase bone mass. Next, the effects of PRO at 0.1, 1, and 10 mg/kg on bone status were examined in more detail. Compared with the SHR control, not only bone mass but also biomechanical parameters of strength and toughness of the lumbar vertebrae were increased in SHR treated with PRO at 0.1 and 1 mg/kg, suggesting antiosteoporotic action. PRO at 1 mg/kg statistically increased histomorphometry indices of bone formation, whereas PRO at doses of 0.1, 1, and 10 mg/kg decreased those of bone resorption. Antiosteoporotic effect of PRO is attenuated at 10 mg/kg compared with 0.1 and 1 mg/kg. In addition, treatment with @entity6839 , a nonselective beta-AR antagonist without membrane-stabilizing action, or @entity24971 , a selective beta2-AR antagonist, at 1 mg/kg increased bone mass in SHR. These results suggested that treatment of SHR with beta-blockers at low dose improved @entity604 and @entity79 . This antiosteoporotic effect of beta-blockers seems to be caused by the blocking action of beta2-AR, regardless of the membrane-stabilizing action.

title: Effects of @entity1169 on bone metabolism in spontaneously @entity101 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1169 :: ('MESH:D011433', 'Chemical') :: ['propranolol']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity604 :: ('MESH:D016301', 'Disease') :: ['bone loss']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity24971 :: ('MESH:D002078', 'Chemical') :: ['butoxamine']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone fragility']

entities_list: @entity2915 :: ('MESH:D006948', 'Disease') :: ['hyperactivity']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotensive']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: PURPOSE: To report four cases of severe @entity1036 after standard corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) treatment for @entity9042 . METHODS: Four @entity1 with progressive @entity9042 from two different centers were treated by ultraviolet A (UVA) CXL, using @entity8728 as a photosensitizer. The epithelium was removed over the central 8 to 9 mm of the @entity267 . @entity8728 0.1% in dextran 20% was instilled every 2 minutes for 30 minutes before UVA exposure. The UV-X light source (IROC), calibrated at 3 mW/cm(2), was applied for 30 minutes while instillation was continued every 2 minutes. At the end of the treatment, a bandage contact lens was applied and topical treatment consisting of a combination of antibiotics and/or anti-inflammatory drops was initiated. RESULTS: @entity1 experienced delayed (after more than 24 hours) symptoms and signs of @entity32 . The eyes showed pronounced ciliary redness with cells in the anterior chamber and central keratic precipitates; multiple white infiltrates had developed at the edge and within the area of CXL. High-dose topical or subconjunctival corticosteroids led to rapid initial improvement of symptoms and signs. Herpes virus could not be detected on the ocular surface or on the anterior chamber tap of one @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: We report four cases of @entity1036 and @entity267 from a total of 117 eyes treated with CXL. The location of the scarring determined the amount of loss of visual acuity: in two eyes, there was a persistent decrease in best spectacle-corrected visual acuity.

title: @entity1036 and @entity267 after UVA/ @entity8728 cross-linking for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity267 :: ('MESH:D065306', 'Disease') :: ['cornea', 'corneal scarring']

entities_list: @entity1036 :: ('MESH:D007634', 'Disease') :: ['keratitis']

entities_list: @entity9042 :: ('MESH:D007640', 'Disease') :: ['keratoconus']

entities_list: @entity8728 :: ('MESH:D012256', 'Chemical') :: ['riboflavin', 'Riboflavin']

answer: @entity9042 :: (MESH:D007640,Disease) :: ['keratoconus']


abstract: This study evaluated an anorganic @entity291 -derived xenograft (Bio-Oss Collagen) in the treatment of @entity1 periodontal defects. Four @entity1 with @entity154 on teeth that were treatment planned for extraction were enrolled in the study. Presurgical measurements of probing depth, attachment level, and recession were recorded. The surgical procedure consisted of flap reflection, debridement of the osseous defects and root surface, placement of a notch through calculus into the root surface, topical application of a @entity803 paste to the root surface, grafting with Bio-Oss Collagen, and flap closure. Three of the eight defects examined received a resorbable collagen barrier (Bio- @entity26196 ) in addition to the bone graft. @entity1 were seen every 2 weeks for plaque control and review of oral hygiene measures. Six months postsurgery, clinical parameters were rerecorded prior to en bloc resection of teeth and adjacent graft sites. The majority of sites showed a favorable clinical response with respect to probing depth reduction and clinical @entity1017 . Histologic analysis demonstrated new bone, cementum, and periodontal ligament coronal to the reference notch in two of the eight specimens. Two sites demonstrated new attachment, and four showed a long junctional epithelium. Periodontal regeneration is possible following a bone-replacement graft of Bio-Oss Collagen.

title: Clinical and histologic evaluation of anorganic XXXX bone collagen with or without a collagen barrier.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['intrabony defects']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['attachment gain']

entities_list: @entity803 :: ('MESH:D013752', 'Chemical') :: ['tetracycline']

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['bovine']