abstract: Endoscopic transthoracic sympathectomy (ETS) is an efficient, safe, minimally invasive procedure, and requires only a short period of hospitalization. We performed bilateral ETS using a thoracoscope 2 mm in diameter. We performed 120 ETS for the treatment of palmar @entity1119 from August 1997 to April 2000. The @entity1 was placed in the semi-sitting position under general anesthesia, one-lung ventilation being used; the operation was performed with 2-mm two-puncture method. The sympathetic chain could be observed through parietal pleura riding on the costovertebral junctions. A 2-mm Kirschner wire was employed as an electrode, and the second and third thoracic sympathetic chains were electro cauterized. A thoracic drain was not used. The needling sites were only 2 mm in size and could be fixed without suture. For the @entity1 , a small scar of this size means virtually no scar. The operative times were from 11 min to 81 min in bilateral ETS. Immediately and dramatic decrease in the sweat excretion in the palms was noted in all @entity1 . The 95% @entity1 were highly satisfied with the results. The commonest side effects were @entity3190 . This procedure is recommended as the method of choice for the surgical treatments of palmar @entity1119 .

title: [Endoscopic transthoracic sympathectomy (ETS) with a fine 2-mm thoracoscope in palmar XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1119 :: ('MESH:D006945', 'Disease') :: ['hyperhidrosis']

entities_list: @entity3190 :: ('MESH:D006946', 'Disease') :: ['compensatory sweating']

answer: @entity1119 :: (MESH:D006945,Disease) :: ['hyperhidrosis']


abstract: A 50-year-old Japanese @entity1 consulted the emergency department of our hospital for @entity548 due to an intractable postoperative wound on the lower abdomen; the postoperative wound was owing to a laparoscopic cholecystectomy performed 1 year previously for acute @entity2679 . She presented with a painful @entity1066 on her right lower abdomen. She also presented with multiple scars, skin grafts on the extremities, and a missing left lower leg, the causes for all of which were unexplained. The results of her blood test were normal, except for the hemoglobin level. Histology of the skin biopsy specimen from the @entity1066 did not show any specific findings. The previous surgeon who had performed the laparoscopic cholecystectomy revealed that surgical wound @entity6783 had occurred during her admission. After a body restraint had been applied, the @entity1066 improved. Medical records indicated that she had been admitted to the department of plastic surgery at our hospital for skin grafting of a leg @entity1066 . During that admission, she refused to consult with the department of psychiatry, al-though the staff suspected @entity146 . Therefore, we diagnosed her with @entity12901 . After vacuum-assisted closure (VAC) therapy had been performed to prevent her from traumatizing the @entity1066 , it rapidly became granulated and reepithelialized. @entity12901 is characterized by feigning physical symptoms to seek attention. @entity1 self-inflict numerous lesions, keep getting admitted to different hospitals, and feign acute illness, usually spectacular diseases. VAC therapy may be effective for preventing @entity1 with @entity12901 from traumatizing their wounds.

title: Intractable Postoperative Wounds Caused by Self-Inflicted Trauma in a XXXX with @entity12901 Presenting as a Pyoderma Gangrenosum-Like Lesion.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'woman', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['mental disorders']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulcer', 'ulcer again']

entities_list: @entity12901 :: ('MESH:D009110', 'Disease') :: ['Munchausen syndrome', 'cutaneous Munchausen syndrome']

entities_list: @entity6783 :: ('MESH:D013529', 'Disease') :: ['dehiscence']

entities_list: @entity2679 :: ('MESH:D002764', 'Disease') :: ['cholecystitis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patient']


abstract: A clone expressing a @entity2523 protease from the recombinant plasmid (pYS307) has been identified in a genomic library of @entity40672 . The cloned gene was localized to a 2.4-kb DNA fragment between BamHI and HindIII sites. When a 3.2-kb HindIII fragment of pYS307 was used as a probe in Southern hybridization, HindIII-digested chromosomal DNA of @entity40672 , as well as those of W50 and W12, showed a single 3.2-kb hybridizing band, while that of @entity2523 33277 showed a 5.0-kb band. Colonies of @entity526 containing pYS307 showed pronounced proteolytic zones on skim milk agar plates only when incubated in an @entity26 -free environment. BSA substrate zymography of whole cell extract of @entity526 containing pYS307 revealed a protease of approx. 80 kDa which was active under reducing conditions. These results suggest that the cloned protease is @entity1432 -dependent. Antiserum to @entity2523 W50 reacted with a single band of 80 kDa when a cell lysate sample of an @entity526 JM83 containing pYS307 was prepared for electrophoresis in the absence of @entity5643 . When samples were solubilized in the presence of @entity5643 prior to electrophoresis, the antiserum reacted with the bands of 50 and 38 kDa, but there was no reaction observed at 80 kDa. The activity of the cloned protease was inhibited by TLCK, TPCK, @entity1098 , @entity11867 , @entity13638 and @entity21482 .

title: Cloning of a @entity2523 ( XXXX protease gene and characterization of its product.

entities_list: @entity13638 :: ('MESH:D019807', 'Chemical') :: ['iodoacetic acid']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity5643 :: ('CHEBI:41218', 'Chemical') :: ['beta-mercaptoethanol']

entities_list: @entity2523 :: ('837', 'Species') :: ['P. gingivalis', 'Porphyromonas gingivalis']

answer: @entity2523 :: (837,Species) :: ['Bacteroides) gingivalis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare oral anticoagulant treatment ( @entity35538 ) started on either the 1st or the 10th day of a low-molecular-weight heparin (enoxaparin) treatment for @entity1150 confirmed by venography. DESIGN: An open, multicenter, randomized study in two parallel treatment groups. INTERVENTIONS: All @entity1 received enoxaparin, 1 mg/kg s.c. twice daily, and oral @entity35538 , 20 mg once daily, either beginning on day 1 or on day 10 of the enoxaparin treatment. @entity2120 was discontinued once the international normalized ratio under @entity35538 was stable between 2.0 and 3.0 over 2 days. @entity35538 treatment was maintained during a 3-month follow-up period. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: Specific examinations (venography and/or V/Q lung scanning and/or angiography) were performed only in the event of a clinically suspected recurrence of @entity1211 during the 3-month follow-up period. All cases were blindly assessed by an independent Reading Committee. RESULTS: A clinically suspected @entity1211 was confirmed by objective tests in 1 of 223 @entity1 (group of delayed introduction of @entity35538 ; n = 111). Equivalence was demonstrated between the two treatment schedules (p < 0.0001) for a maximal difference of 10% (90% confidence interval: -2.42 to 0.58). The mean duration of hospitalization was significantly reduced (p = 0.0001) in the group with early introduction of @entity35538 . The incidence of @entity548 was comparable between the two treatment groups. CONCLUSION: Early and delayed introduction of oral anticoagulant treatment in association with subcutaneous enoxaparin in @entity1 with @entity1150 was shown to be equivalent in preventing the recurrence of @entity1211 . In @entity1 with early introduction of oral anticoagulant, hospitalization was significantly reduced.

title: Early versus delayed introduction of oral vitamin K antagonists in combination with low-molecular-weight heparin in the treatment of XXXX . a randomized clinical trial. The ANTENOX Study Group.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity35538 :: ('MESH:C017673', 'Chemical') :: ['Fluindione', 'fluindione']

entities_list: @entity1150 :: ('MESH:D020246', 'Disease') :: ['deep vein thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['venous thromboembolism']

entities_list: @entity2120 :: ('MESH:D017984', 'Chemical') :: ['Enoxaparin']

answer: @entity1150 :: (MESH:D020246,Disease) :: ['deep vein thrombosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To delineate the @entity9528 @entity358 of the @entity15136 /\k-fib @entity19 model of @entity2631 , and to selectively induce @entity651 using @entity1611 ( @entity1611 ) inhibition to develop a model with features characteristic of @entity120 ( @entity120 ). METHODS: The @entity15136 /\k-fib @entity19 expresses a kinase-deficient @entity641 ( @entity641 ) receptor type II driven by a fibroblast-specific promoter, leading to ligand-dependent up-regulation of @entity641 signaling, and replicates key fibrotic features of @entity2631 . Structural, biochemical, and functional assessments of pulmonary vessels, including in vivo hemodynamic studies, were performed before and following @entity1611 inhibition, which induced pulmonary endothelial cell apoptosis. These assessments included biochemical analysis of the @entity641 and @entity1611 signaling axes in tissue sections and explanted smooth muscle cells. RESULTS: In the @entity15136 /\k-fib @entity19 , a @entity358 with medial thickening, a perivascular proliferating chronic inflammatory cell infiltrate, and mildly elevated pulmonary artery pressure resembled the well-described chronic @entity519 model of @entity120 . Following administration of @entity21926 , the @entity358 was more florid, with pulmonary arteriolar luminal obliteration by apoptosis-resistant proliferating endothelial cells. These changes resulted in right @entity123 , confirming hemodynamically significant @entity120 . Altered expression of @entity641 and @entity1611 ligand and receptor was consistent with a @entity2631 phenotype. CONCLUSION: In this study, we replicated key features of @entity785 -related @entity120 in a @entity19 model. Our results suggest that @entity651 in a genetically susceptible @entity19 triggers this complication and support the underlying role of functional interplay between @entity641 and @entity1611 , which provides insight into the pathogenesis of this disease.

title: Endothelial injury in a @entity641 -dependent @entity19 model of XXXX induces @entity120 .

entities_list: @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mouse', 'mouse strain']

entities_list: @entity641 :: ('21803(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['TGFb', 'transforming growth factor b']

entities_list: @entity120 :: ('MESH:D006976', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary hypertension', 'PAH', 'pulmonary arterial hypertension']

entities_list: @entity2631 :: ('MESH:D012594', 'Disease') :: ['scleroderma']

entities_list: @entity651 :: ('MESH:D055370', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary endothelial cell injury']

entities_list: @entity123 :: ('MESH:D024741', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['constitutive pulmonary vasculopathy', 'pulmonary vascular phenotype']

entities_list: @entity1611 :: ('22339(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor', 'VEGF']

entities_list: @entity9528 :: ('MESH:D005878', 'Disease') :: ['constitutive']

entities_list: @entity785 :: ('MESH:D012595', 'Disease') :: ['systemic sclerosis']

answer: @entity2631 :: (MESH:D012594,Disease) :: ['scleroderma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Spontaneous @entity99 is a rare but potentially life-threatening complication of @entity1582 . Although the liver is a common site of @entity527 , clinical presentation is usually mild or absent. CASE: We report a case of a female @entity1 , who had been repeatedly surgically revised because of @entity409 and hemoperitoneum. Initially, the computed tomography finding was interpreted as @entity409 . However, based on liver biopsy, the diagnosis had to be changed to @entity1582 , and the @entity1 was referred to our hematooncology department. Due to a considerably @entity1442 , the @entity1 was eligible only for palliative chemotherapy with @entity786 and @entity619 , which could not deflect the course of rapidly progressing liver destruction. CONCLUSION: The cause behind @entity548 liver does not always need to be @entity2695 but rather @entity2783 . In cases of @entity1442 and in @entity1 with contraindications for aggressive treatment, the outlook for complete hematological and organ treatment response is very limited. An early diagnosis is of utmost importance. Although liver biopsy brings the definite results, screening for monoclonal protein in serum or urine, leading to a search for @entity1582 , may be sufficient for diagnosis. The presence of some of the warning signs (B-symptoms such as fevers or subfebrile temperatures, @entity1295 , @entity353 ; and paraneoplastic laboratory findings such as elevated @entity1851 and erythrocyte sedimentation rate) should raise suspicion of a @entity1071 .

title: Extensive @entity2783 presenting with recurrent XXXX and hemoperitoneum: case report and literature review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity527 :: ('MESH:D058225', 'Disease') :: ['amyloid deposition']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['ruptured and bleeding']

entities_list: @entity2695 :: ('MESH:D006391', 'Disease') :: ['hemangioma']

entities_list: @entity2783 :: ('MESH:D000686', 'Disease') :: ['amyloidosis']

entities_list: @entity1071 :: ('MESH:D008232', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoproliferative disease']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver hemangioma', 'liver rupture']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity1582 :: ('MESH:D009101', 'Disease') :: ['primary systemic amyloidosis', 'AL amyloidosis']

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['dexamethasone']

entities_list: @entity1442 :: ('MESH:D020178', 'Disease') :: ['advanced disease']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic bleeding']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

answer: @entity548 :: (MESH:D006470,Disease) :: ['liver hemorrhage']


abstract: The induction of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in b cells is involved in b-cell death and graft rejection after transplantation. This study investigated the ability of @entity9210 (a- @entity13652 ) to protect pancreatic islets and improve graft survival through regulation of TLRs. To test the effect of a- @entity13652 on TLR regulation, we first isolated pancreatic islets from @entity35 pretreated with/without a- @entity13652 and assayed inflammatory cytokines and insulin release, and measured the expression of TLRs. Pancreatic islets were transplanted into the kidney capsule of a @entity6 ( @entity6 ) @entity19 with and without prior injection of a- @entity13652 . The blood @entity413 levels were measured and @entity7942 expression in transplanted kidney tissue was assessed. Islet morphology, including size and total mass, was improved in the a- @entity13652 group compared to the control group. The expression of TLRs as well as @entity842 and @entity657 production were decreased in islets isolated from a- @entity13652 -treated @entity35 . In @entity6 @entity19 , the normoglycemic ratio was higher in the a- @entity13652 -treated group than in the sham group. Moreover, the high levels of @entity7942 expression observed in @entity6 kidney tissue were significantly decreased in islet-transplanted tissue with a- @entity13652 . This study showed that a- @entity13652 protects pancreatic islets from cell death and dysfunction through downregulation of TLRs. In conclusion, a- @entity13652 could contribute to improved islet graft survival and function in pancreatic islet transplantation.

title: XXXX preserves islet graft survival through down-regulation of Toll-like receptors.

entities_list: @entity9210 :: ('24664(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus', 'DM']

entities_list: @entity657 :: ('24770(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['monocyte chemoattractant protein 1']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity9210 :: (24664(Tax:10116),Gene) :: ['Alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To study bronchial responsiveness to @entity1920 ( @entity860 ) in population surveys, repeatability of a rapid dosimetric method with quadrupling doses was evaluated. METHODS: Volunteers with symptoms of airway respiratory @entity566 or @entity565 were invited for @entity860 challenges on two occasions. After each dose the fall in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV(1)) compared with the post-saline value was determined. The cumulative doses of @entity860 needed to cause a fall in FEV(1) of 20% ( @entity1726 (20)), 15% ( @entity1726 (15)), and 10% ( @entity1726 (10)) were calculated. Agreement was evaluated by means of kappa values. After excluding systematic differences in @entity1726 values on two occasions (t test), repeatability of a single estimation of the chosen @entity1726 values was calculated and expressed in @entity14485 ( @entity14485 ). RESULTS: In 28 of 76 subjects a @entity1726 (20) was estimated on the two visits, in 29 subjects a @entity1726 (15) was estimated, and in 32 a @entity1726 (10) was obtained. Kappa values for a positive threshold were 0.89 for a cut off level for a 20% fall in FEV(1), 0.78 for a 15% fall in FEV(1), and 0.76 for a fall in FEV(1) of 10%. The @entity1726 values did not differ between the two visits and 95% repeatability of a single estimation was +/-1.7 @entity14485 for @entity1726 (20), +/-2.2 @entity14485 for @entity1726 (15), and +/-2.4 @entity14485 for @entity1726 (10). The quadrupling dose method reduced time by 40% in non-hyperresponsive subjects and no adverse effects were observed. CONCLUSION: The short dosimeter protocol with quadrupling doses for @entity860 challenges is a rapid, reproducible tool for estimating bronchial responsiveness in population surveys.

title: Repeatability of bronchial hyperresponsiveness to @entity1920 ( XXXX ) by a short dosimeter protocol.

entities_list: @entity1920 :: ('CHEBI:16027', 'Chemical') :: ["adenosine 5'-monophosphate"]

entities_list: @entity14485 :: ('MESH:D005671', 'Disease') :: ['DD', 'doubling doses']

answer: @entity860 :: (MESH:D000249,Chemical) :: ['AMP']


abstract: Mild @entity131 (mTBI) has gained considerable notoriety during the past decade of conflict in Afghanistan and Iraq. However, the relationship between combat-related mTBI and residual mTBI symptoms, @entity1005 ( @entity1005 ) symptoms, and @entity149 remains unclear. The purpose of the study was to compare residual mTBI and @entity1005 symptoms, and @entity149 among U.S. Army Special Operations Command (USASOC) personnel with diagnosed blunt, blast, and blast-blunt combination mTBIs. This study involved a retrospective medical records review of 27,169 USASOC personnel who completed a military version of the Immediate Post-Concussion Assessment Cognitive Test (ImPACT), Post-Concussion Symptom Scale (PCSS), and @entity1005 Checklist (PCL) between November 2009 and December 2011. Of the 22,203 personnel who met criteria for the study, 2,813 (12.7%) had a diagnosis of at least one mTBI. A total of 28% (n=410) of USASOC personnel with a history of diagnosed mTBI reported clinical levels of @entity1005 symptoms. Personnel with a history of diagnosed blunt (OR=3.58), blast (OR=4.23) or combination (OR=5.73) mTBI were at significantly (p=0.001) greater risk of reporting clinical levels of @entity1005 symptoms than those with no history of mTBI. A dose-response gradient for exposure to blast/combination mTBI on clinical levels of @entity1005 symptoms was also significant (p=0.001). Individuals with blast/combination mTBIs scored higher in residual mTBI (p=0.001) and @entity1005 symptoms (p=0.001), and performed worse on tests of visual memory (p=0.001), and reaction time (p=0.001) than those with blunt or no mTBI history. Individuals with combination mTBIs scored lower in verbal memory (p=0.02) than those with blunt mTBIs. Residual @entity1005 and mTBI symptoms appear to be more prevalent in personnel with blast mTBI. A dose-response gradient for blast mTBI and symptoms suggests that repeated exposures to these injuries may have lingering effects.

title: Residual effects of combat-related mild XXXX .

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['traumatic brain injury']

entities_list: @entity149 :: ('MESH:D002493', 'Disease') :: ['neurocognitive deficits']

entities_list: @entity1005 :: ('MESH:D013313', 'Disease') :: ['PTSD', 'post-traumatic stress disorder']

answer: @entity131 :: (MESH:D001930,Disease) :: ['traumatic brain injury']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity3703 ( @entity1933 , @entity13528 ) nanoparticles have been widely used for drug delivery and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Previous studies have shown that many metal-based nanoparticles including @entity13528 nanoparticles can induce autophagosome accumulation in treated cells. However, the underlying mechanism is still not clear. To investigate the bio-safety of @entity13528 and @entity7050 -coated @entity13528 nanoparticles, some experiments related to the mechanism of autophagy induction by these nanoparticles have been investigated. In this study, the results showed that @entity13528 , @entity7050 -coated @entity13528 and @entity7050 nanoparticles could be taken up by the cells through cellular endocytosis. @entity13528 nanoparticles extensively impair lysosomes and lead to the accumulation of LC3-positive autophagosomes, while @entity7050 -coated @entity13528 nanoparticles reduce this destructive effect on lysosomes. Moreover, @entity13528 nanoparticles could also cause @entity2383 , ER and Golgi body stresses, which induce autophagy, while @entity7050 -coated @entity13528 nanoparticles reduce the destructive effect on these organelles. Thus, the @entity13528 -nanoparticle induced autophagosome accumulation may be caused by multiple mechanisms. The autophagosome accumulation induced by @entity13528 was also investigated. The @entity13528 , @entity7050 -coated @entity13528 and @entity7050 nanoparticle treated @entity19 were sacrificed to evaluate the @entity137 of these nanoparticles on the @entity19 . The data showed that @entity13528 nanoparticle treated @entity19 would lead to the extensive accumulation of autophagosomes in the kidney and spleen in comparison to the @entity7050 -coated @entity13528 and @entity7050 nanoparticles. Our data clarifies the mechanism by which @entity13528 induces autophagosome accumulation and the mechanism of its @entity137 on cell organelles and @entity19 organs. These findings may have an important impact on the clinical application of @entity13528 based nanoparticles.

title: XXXX nanoparticles induce autophagosome accumulation through multiple mechanism: lysosome impairment, @entity2383 and ER stress.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity3703 :: ('MESH:D052203', 'Chemical') :: ['Magnetite']

entities_list: @entity1933 :: ('MESH:C000499', 'Chemical') :: ['iron oxide']

entities_list: @entity2383 :: ('MESH:D028361', 'Disease') :: ['mitochondrial damage']

answer: @entity1933 :: (MESH:C000499,Chemical) :: ['Iron oxide']


abstract: Abnormal levels of endogenous @entity460 ions are known to induce eye @entity231 , and a variety of causative factors has been proposed, including @entity460 -mediated aggregation and precipitation of the lens proteins crystallins. We have specifically looked in some detail at the interaction of @entity141 with various crystallins and its consequences. Lenses incubated in solutions containing 10 mM @entity141 or 5 mM Tb3+ opacified. Fluorescence titration of crystallins with @entity38603 revealed that this ion binds to delta- and beta-crystallins in solution. Equilibrium dialysis showed that four @entity141 ions bind to one delta-crystallin tetramer with an affinity of 4.3 x 10(3) M-1. Analysis of the @entity535 sequence of delta-crystallin reveals the presence of a calmodulin-type "helix-loop-helix" or "EF-hand" @entity460 ion binding conformational motif in the region comprising residues 300-350. This is a novel feature of the molecule not reported so far. No other crystallins appear to have this motif. beta-Crystallin also binds four @entity141 ions/aggregate unit of mass 160 kDa, with an affinity of 2.6 x 10(3) M-1, presumably in the midregion of the molecule that is rich in anionic and polar residues. Circular dichroism spectroscopy shows that the binding of @entity460 ion leads to subtle conformational changes in the molecules, notably in the tertiary structure.

title: XXXX ion binding to delta- and to beta-crystallins. The presence of the "EF-hand" motif in delta-crystallin that aids in @entity460 ion binding.

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['lens opacity']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

answer: @entity460 :: (MESH:D002118,Chemical) :: ['Calcium']


abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the association between @entity308 and coronary endothelial function and cardiac risk factors in @entity1 and @entity1 without obstructive @entity453 . @entity1 with no significant @entity453 who underwent invasive coronary endothelial function assessment with @entity934 were studied. @entity1 and @entity1 were divided into 2 groups: those with @entity308 and those without. Endothelial function and risk factor profiles were compared between the 2 groups. Seven hundred fifty-nine @entity1 were studied, 603 (79%) without @entity308 and 156 (21%) with @entity308 . @entity1 with @entity308 were more likely to be @entity1 (71% vs 60%, p = 0.02), have greater body mass indexes (29.9 +/- 6.7 vs 28.2 +/- 5.9 kg/m(2), p = 0.002), and be @entity6 (12% vs 6%, p = 0.02). @entity308 @entity1 also had higher levels of @entity1851 (0.35 vs 0.30 mg/dl, p = 0.02). There was no difference in the change in coronary blood flow or diameter in response to @entity934 between the 2 groups in @entity1 and @entity1 . In conclusion, the results of this study demonstrate that @entity308 is not associated with @entity301 in @entity1 and @entity1 without significant @entity453 . It is, however, associated with a cluster of cardiac risk factors that are linked to the progression of @entity731 .

title: Relation of XXXX to coronary endothelial function.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'Men', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depressed', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary endothelial dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerotic disease']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['depression']


abstract: @entity320 is an uncommon @entity5 which carries a poor prognosis and high rates of local and regional recurrence and distant @entity3 . While surgical resection is the mainstay of treatment, the utility of multimodality therapy has not been well studied or established. We sought to better evaluate the optimal treatment modality for sinonasal @entity320 . We reviewed 39 case reports involving 423 @entity1 with sinonasal @entity320 and present a meta-analysis comparing survival by treatment modality. The two-tailed p-value for survival by treatment modality was determined. The number of primary site/local, regional, and distant recurrences was determined where data was available. There was a nonsignificant increase in survival for @entity1 treated with surgery   +   radiotherapy versus surgery alone. There was a statistically significant increase in survival for surgery   +   chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone and versus surgery alone. @entity1 treated with combined surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy had a statistically shorter survival interval than @entity1 treated with surgery   +   chemotherapy, which may reflect more @entity1442 in @entity1 treated with triple therapy. There was no statistically significant increase in survival found for the addition of radiation to surgery. This meta-analysis demonstrates that multimodality therapy, particularly the addition of chemo-or immunotherapy to surgery, may increase survival in a subset of @entity1 . Radiation therapy did not appear to increase survival. There may be a significant increase in overall survival with combined modality therapy with surgery and chemo/immunotherapy versus single modality therapy. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: III. Grade of recommendation: C.

title: XXXX : A Meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1442 :: ('MESH:D020178', 'Disease') :: ['advanced disease']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma', 'Sinonasal melanoma']

answer: @entity320 :: (MESH:D008545,Disease) :: ['Survival in Sinonasal Melanoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Avoiding aortic side clamping is useful to avoid local particulate embolization. A device that allows a saphenous vein graft to be anastomosed to the aorta without aortic manipulation is clinically evaluated. METHODS AND RESULTS: From July 1999 to March 2000, 17 @entity1 who underwent myocardial revascularization had an aorta-saphenous vein graft @entity254 performed by means of an aortic anastomotic device. Eight were operated on with cardiopulmonary bypass and 9 without. The proximal anastomoses created by the aortic anastomotic device were performed before the institution of cardiopulmonary bypass or before the related distal @entity254 was performed. In 11 @entity1 transcranial Doppler ultrasound was used. In 1 (6%) @entity1 the saphenous vein graft was not deployed, and in 2 (12%) a single suture was added for minor @entity548 . None of the 11 @entity1 evaluated with transcranial Doppler ultrasound had evidence of particulate embolization during the procedure. No @entity1 died or was reoperated on for @entity548 . Six (35%) @entity1 had a postoperative angiogram 48 +/- 26 days after the operation that showed widely patent proximal anastomoses. CONCLUSIONS: Use of an aortic anastomotic device allows a sutureless @entity254 to be created between the aorta and saphenous vein graft. The device could be used in totally endoscopic myocardial revascularization. A second-generation device is ready to solve the problems encountered and to increase the ease in handling the device.

title: Early clinical experience with a new sutureless anastomotic device for proximal XXXX of the saphenous vein to the aorta.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

answer: @entity254 :: (MESH:C563598,Disease) :: ['anastomosis']


abstract: The incidence of @entity5 is expected to rise sharply in China. A reliable routine @entity1082 ) detection and genotyping test to be supplemented by the limited Papanicolaou cytology facilities is urgently needed to help identify the @entity1 with cervical precancer for preventive interventions. To this end, we evaluated a nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) protocol for detection of HPV L1 gene DNA in cervicovaginal cells. The PCR amplicons were genotyped by direct DNA sequencing. In parallel, split samples were subjected to a Digene @entity14043 HPV test which has been widely used for " @entity5 risk" screen. Of the 1826 specimens, 1655 contained sufficient materials for analysis and 657 were truly negative. PCR/DNA sequencing showed 674 infected by a single high-risk HPV, 188 by a single low-risk HPV, and 136 by multiple HPV genotypes with up to five HPV genotypes in one specimen. In comparison, the @entity14043 test classified 713 specimens as infected by high-risk HPV, and 942 as negative for @entity1083 . The high-risk @entity14043 test correctly detected 388 (57.6%) of the 674 high-risk HPV isolates in clinical specimens, mislabeled 88 (46.8%) of the 188 low-risk HPV isolates as high-risk genotypes, and classified 180 (27.4%) of the 657 "true-negative" samples as being infected by high-risk HPV. It was found to cross-react with 20 low-risk HPV genotypes. We conclude that nested PCR detection of HPV followed by short target DNA sequencing can be used for screening and genotyping to formulate a paradigm in clinical management of @entity74 in a rapidly developing economy.

title: Prevent @entity5 by screening with reliable XXXX detection and genotyping.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cervical cancer']

entities_list: @entity1083 :: ('MESH:D030361', 'Disease') :: ['HPV infections']

entities_list: @entity1082 :: ('10566', 'Species') :: ['human papillomavirus (HPV']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['HPV-related disorders']

answer: @entity1082 :: (10566,Species) :: ['human papillomavirus']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect and possibility of surgical ablation of the pulmonary vein orifices under direct vision with transballoon ultrasound ablation catheter for @entity1 with permanent @entity955 and @entity627 . METHODS: 21 consecutive @entity1 with @entity627 and permanent @entity955 undergoing mitral valve replacement surgery were enrolled for this study from December 2002 to September 2003. All the cases were divided into 2 groups by whether or not receiving an additive pulmonary vein ablation procedure. The test group [6 male, 5 female, aged (51.55 +/- 7.83) years, @entity955 duration (5.50 +/- 5.40) years, left atrial diameter (7.27 +/- 1.39) cm, LVEF (53.95 +/- 4.54)% and NYHA class II - IV] undertook a surgical isolation of the pulmonary vein orifices by using a transballoon ultrasound ablation catheter addition to routine mitral valve replacement. The control group [3 male, 7 female, aged (53.30 +/- 7.86) years, @entity955 duration (4.50 +/- 3.47) years, left atrial diameter (6.74 +/- 0.62) cm, LVEF (56.91 +/- 3.78)% and NYHA class II - IV] received the valve replacement surgery alone. RESULTS: There were not any complications in both groups. With an electrical cardioversion 3 months after the surgery, 73% @entity1 in the ultrasound ablation group were free from AF over 1 year while only 10% @entity1 in control group (P=0.003). During an average follow-up duration of (45.92 +/- 4.61) months, 63.6% were in sinus rhythm in ultrasound ablation group while none in the control group. Left atrial volume decreased significantly at 1 year after surgery compared to that at 3 months after surgery in the test group [(97.83 +/- 32.39) cm(3) vs. (150.78 +/- 52.32) cm(3), P<0.05], and the end systolic diameter (LAESD) and end diastolic diameter (LAEDD) also decreased [(4.12 +/- 0.39) cm vs. (5.09 +/- 0.98) cm, P<0.05, respectively], while there were no apparently changes in the control group. CONCLUSIONS: Ablation of the orifices of the pulmonary veins under direct vision with transballoon ultrasound ablation catheter during mitral valve surgery seems effective to maintain sinus rhythm after electrical cardioversion and could be performed safely. The function of left atrial and cardiac output improved during long term follow-up of 46 months.

title: [Ablation of the orifices of the pulmonary veins under direct vision by using the transballoon ultrasound ablation catheter for permanent XXXX with @entity627 ].

entities_list: @entity627 :: ('MESH:D012216', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatic valve disease']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

answer: @entity955 :: (MESH:D001281,Disease) :: ['atrial fibrillation']


abstract: The three-vessel occlusion model of Kameyama et al. (Kameyama, M., @entity6953 , J., Shirane, R. and Ogawa, A. (1985) @entity64 16, 489-493) was adapted with modifications to induce complete reversible @entity35 forebrain @entity63 . A fast and simple procedure for the isolation and purification of @entity35 brain mitochondria, which provides high yield, is described. Mitochondria isolated from ischemic brain (12-30 min @entity63 ) exhibited decreases in State 3 respiratory rates of approx. 70% with @entity2125 -linked respiratory substrates. Less effect was observed with @entity4588 and @entity3788 . The State 4 respiratory activity remained near control levels except at 15 min of @entity63 (25% increase) with @entity2125 -linked substrates. Similarly, with @entity4588 and @entity3788 , an approx. 30% increase in State 4 activity was observed at 20 min of @entity63 . Consequently, the @entity1576 ( @entity1576 ) were decreased. Both the respiratory rates and @entity1576 could be restored to near control levels upon the addition of EGTA( @entity1098 ) or @entity3739 red to the assay mixture. Analysis employing @entity593 as a @entity141 probe, indicated a great decrease in the first order rate constant for @entity141 uptake of ischemic mitochondria and a significant increase in @entity141 homeostasis with an increase in the cytosolic @entity141 concentration which results in excessive association of @entity141 on the mitochondrial membrane and an inhibition of the respiratory chain-linked oxidative phosphorylation and @entity141 -transport activity of forebrain mitochondria. These deficits are proportional to the duration of @entity63 .

title: @entity63 to XXXX forebrain mitochondria and cellular calcium homeostasis.

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity4588 :: ('MESH:D019802', 'Chemical') :: ['succinate']

entities_list: @entity3788 :: ('MESH:D012402', 'Chemical') :: ['rotenone']

entities_list: @entity3739 :: ('MESH:D012428', 'Chemical') :: ['ruthenium']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory control indices', 'RCIs']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: The ESCA study gives a good qualitative and quantitative elemental analysis of internal and external surfaces of foreign materials. Microporous hydrophobic @entity17368 (a @entity38271 urea) grafts were implanted as blood conduits in @entity235 for up to 6 months. Surface analysis of explanted grafts demonstrated the presence of different contaminants: @entity1372 , @entity3878 , @entity6619 , in patent grafts, i.e. those implanted for 1 month and less. The sulphur probably comes from the presence of proteins on the surface of the polymer and the high level of @entity1568 is also protein-related. At 6 month implantation, the grafts were occluded and a decrease of proteins on the surface was observed. The values of N/C and O/C ratios are also reported. For the virgin material, these ratios correspond to the quantity of hard and soft segments; but, for the explanted grafts, these parameters are also influenced by the presence of proteins due to the Versaclean washing which did not wash away all the proteins on the surface of the polymer. The SEM photographs showed a certain degradation of @entity2636 after 6 month of implantation. However, by ESCA study, it is difficult to compare the surface of virgin and explanted grafts because it is masked by the presence of proteins.

title: Hydrophobic and fibrillar microporous XXXX urea prosthesis: an ESCA study on the internal and external surfaces of explanted grafts.

entities_list: @entity17368 :: ('MESH:C044690', 'Chemical') :: ['Mitrathane']

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen']

entities_list: @entity3878 :: ('MESH:D002713', 'Chemical') :: ['chlorine']

entities_list: @entity38271 :: ('MESH:C115016', 'Chemical') :: ['polyetherurethane']

entities_list: @entity2636 :: ('MESH:D011140', 'Chemical') :: ['polyurethane']

answer: @entity38271 :: (MESH:C115016,Chemical) :: ['polyetherurethane']


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine the correlation between @entity8 and the morphologic changes of @entity1103 in @entity6 . METHODS: The current study included 93 @entity1 with @entity1103 based on optical coherence tomography (OCT) who completed systemic condition testing one month before or after the OCT. Based on the OCT findings, @entity1 were divided into the following five groups: group A (diffuse), group B (cystoid), group C (serous), group D (vitreomacular tractional), and group E (a mixed presence of cystoid and serous types). In each group, we performed a retrospective analysis of serum albumin, urine albumin, and serum @entity1011 . We also analyzed the @entity1 in whom serum albumin was <3.0 mg/dL and serum @entity1011 was >1.6 mg/dL. Urine albumin was measured in all five groups. In each group, a comparative analysis was performed using Fisher's exact test. RESULTS: The number of @entity1 who were assigned to groups A to E was 15, 46, 6, 3, and 23, respectively. According to a comparison of the @entity1 in whom the serum albumin and serum @entity1011 were abnormal, there was no significant difference among the five groups. The proportion of @entity1 in whom the urine albumin was abnormal was significantly greater in group C (67%) than in groups A (7%), B (20%), or E (22%). CONCLUSIONS: Serous-type @entity1103 occurred more frequently than other types of @entity1103 in @entity1 with @entity633 .

title: Relationship between the morphology of @entity1103 and @entity8 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity1103 :: ('MESH:D008269', 'Disease') :: ['macular edema', 'diabetic macular edema']

entities_list: @entity633 :: ('MESH:D000419', 'Disease') :: ['albuminuria']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']


abstract: RATIONALE: Impulsivity is a key feature of many psychopathologies such as @entity162 , @entity1314 or @entity71 ( @entity71 ). Most experimental paradigms assessing impulsive behaviour also require non-specific capacities such as time estimation. This may interact with the measures and mask the beneficial effects of psychostimulants-the most commonly used treatment for @entity71 -on impulsivity, given that these drugs speed up the internal clock. OBJECTIVES: The present experiment investigated the effects of suppressing behaviours non-specific to impulsivity in a fixed consecutive number (FCN) schedule and examined whether @entity4944 , previously shown to increase impulsive responses in this task, could have beneficial effects when impulsive responses are promoted. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Food-deprived @entity35 were trained to press one lever of a two-lever operant chamber eight times before pressing the other lever to obtain food. Premature ending of responses resulted in absence of food delivery and reset the counter. A cue light indicating the required number of presses was present (FCN8(cue)) and removed after training (FCN8). @entity35 were then trained under an FCN16(cue) schedule to be challenged with @entity2254 (0.125, 0.25 and 0.5 mg/kg). RESULTS: The cue improved performances, and similar scores were obtained under FCN16(cue) compared to FCN8. Premature responses under these two conditions were unrelated. @entity4944 reduced impulsive responses in FCN16(cue) at the lower dose. CONCLUSIONS: Suppression of capacities non-specific to impulsivity in the FCN schedule, associated with conditions that permit the expression of @entity51 , allows the beneficial effects of psychostimulants observed clinically to be evidenced experimentally.

title: Reduction of impulsivity with XXXX in an appetitive fixed consecutive number schedule with cue for optimal performance in @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity2254 :: ('MESH:D003913', 'Chemical') :: ['d-amphetamine']

entities_list: @entity71 :: ('MESH:D001289', 'Disease') :: ['ADHD', 'attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['inhibitory deficits']

entities_list: @entity1314 :: ('MESH:D010554', 'Disease') :: ['personality disorders']

entities_list: @entity4944 :: ('MESH:D000661', 'Chemical') :: ['amphetamine', 'Amphetamine']

answer: @entity4944 :: (MESH:D000661,Chemical) :: ['amphetamine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) 2002 staging system (AJCC 2002) suggested that @entity1544 (OSCC) with T4b is unresectable. The current retrospective results show that selected T4b @entity1 were resectable with favorable outcomes. METHODS: From January 1996 to December 2000, 103 consecutive untreated T4 OSCC @entity1 (reclassified by AJCC 2002) without carotid artery encasement and skull base extension were eligible for radical treatment. All received head-and-neck magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and/or computed tomography (CT) scans before operation. The surgical principles were safety margins of > or =1 cm for @entity5 , modified/radical neck dissections for clinical lymph node-positive disease, and supraomohyoid neck dissection for lymph node-negative disease. In all, 95.1% of @entity1 (98 of 103 @entity1 ) underwent free-flap reconstructions. Adjuvant radiotherapy or concomitant chemoradiotherapy was administered to those with pathological T4 (AJCC 1997), cervical @entity1600 , or close margins (< or =4 mm). Survivals were calculated according to the method of Kaplan and Meier. RESULTS: In all, 58 @entity1 were classified as having @entity6461 disease and 45 were classified as having T4b disease. No statistical difference was observed in the 5-year local control, neck control, disease-free survival, and overall survival rates between the @entity6461 and T4b groups. In multivariate analyses, pathologic lymph node status (pN0-1 vs. @entity477 ) was found to be the sole independent predictor for T4b for local control (P = .012), disease-free survival (P = .005), and overall survival (P = .008). CONCLUSIONS: Selected T4b OSCC @entity1 were found to be resectable with outcomes that were comparable to those of @entity6461 OSCC @entity1 and may benefit from radical surgery, free-flap reconstruction, and adjuvant therapy. A pathologic lymph node status of > or =2 was found to be the sole independent predictor for T4b disease in local control and survival.

title: Surgical outcome of XXXX and resected T4b oral cavity @entity5 .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['primary tumors']

entities_list: @entity1600 :: ('MESH:D014388', 'Disease') :: ['lymph node metastasis']

entities_list: @entity1544 :: ('MESH:D018307', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity']

answer: @entity6461 :: (6317,Gene) :: ['T4a']


abstract: IMPORTANCE: @entity2023 affects up to 40% of the US population. To desensitize allergic individuals, subcutaneous injection immunotherapy or sublingual immunotherapy may be administered. In the United States, sublingual immunotherapy is not approved by the Food and Drug Administration. However, some US physicians use aqueous allergens, off-label, for sublingual desensitization. OBJECTIVE: To systematically review the effectiveness and safety of aqueous sublingual immunotherapy for @entity56 and @entity565 . EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: The databases of MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched through December 22, 2012. English-language randomized controlled trials were included if they compared sublingual immunotherapy with placebo, pharmacotherapy, or other sublingual immunotherapy regimens and reported clinical outcomes. Studies of sublingual immunotherapy that are unavailable in the United States and for which a related immunotherapy is unavailable in the United States were excluded. Paired reviewers selected articles and extracted the data. The strength of the evidence for each comparison and outcome was graded based on the risk of bias (scored on allocation, concealment of intervention, incomplete data, sponsor company involvement, and other bias), consistency, magnitude of effect, and the directness of the evidence. RESULTS: Sixty-three studies with 5131 @entity1 met the inclusion criteria. @entity1 ' ages ranged from 4 to 74 years. Twenty studies (n = 1814 @entity1 ) enrolled only @entity1 . The risk of bias was medium in 43 studies (68%). Strong evidence supports that sublingual immunotherapy improves @entity565 symptoms, with 8 of 13 studies reporting greater than 40% improvement vs the comparator. Moderate evidence supports that sublingual immunotherapy use decreases @entity2490 or @entity7370 symptoms, with 9 of 36 studies demonstrating greater than 40% improvement vs the comparator. Medication use for @entity565 and @entity566 decreased by more than 40% in 16 of 41 studies of sublingual immunotherapy with moderate grade evidence. Moderate evidence supports that sublingual immunotherapy improves @entity2024 symptoms (13 studies), combined symptom and medication scores (20 studies), and disease-specific quality of life (8 studies). Local reactions were frequent, but anaphylaxis was not reported. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: The overall evidence provides a moderate grade level of evidence to support the effectiveness of sublingual immunotherapy for the treatment of @entity2023 and @entity565 , but high-quality studies are still needed to answer questions regarding optimal dosing strategies. There were limitations in the standardization of adverse events reporting, but no life-threatening adverse events were noted in this review.

title: Sublingual immunotherapy for the treatment of @entity56 and XXXX : a systematic review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'children', 'patients', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity7370 :: ('OMIM:613207', 'Disease') :: ['rhinoconjunctivitis']

entities_list: @entity2023 :: ('MESH:D006255', 'Disease') :: ['Allergic rhinitis', 'allergic rhinitis']

entities_list: @entity566 :: ('MESH:D006967', 'Disease') :: ['allergies']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic rhinoconjunctivitis']

entities_list: @entity2024 :: ('MESH:D003231', 'Disease') :: ['conjunctivitis']

answer: @entity565 :: (MESH:D001249,Disease) :: ['asthma']


abstract: Firefighters are known to have an elevated rate of @entity1164 compared to the general population. It is unclear whether this finding is related to underlying cardiovascular risk factors or whether firefighting inherently carries additional risk. Our objective was to determine whether Los Angeles county firefighters have higher coronary artery @entity460 (CAC) scores and increased @entity731 as determined using 64-slice cardiac, multidetector computed tomography. A total of 647 asymptomatic firefighters evaluated as a part of a wellness protocol were referred for cardiac multidetector computed tomography to evaluate abnormal exercise treadmill test findings. They were matched by age and cardiovascular risk factors, with 2,533 asymptomatic subjects undergoing cardiac computed tomography because of abnormal electrocardiographic or exercise treadmill test findings. CAC and the prevalence of obstructive @entity453 by vessel were derived. Finally, the predictors of CAC were analyzed using regression analysis. Of the firefighters, 49% had detectable CAC compared to 43% of controls (p = 0.015). Although the lesions were most prevalent in the left anterior descending artery in both groups, more firefighters had any left anterior descending @entity2791 compared to the controls (p <0.0001). The firefighters also had more left main coronary artery lesions than did the controls (p <0.0001). The firefighters had significantly greater CAC scores than did with the controls (p <0.001). Furthermore, the firefighters had significantly greater mean CAC scores (66    8 in firefighters vs 33    4 for controls, p <0.001). Firefighter status was independently associated with a 41-point increase in the CAC score (p <0.001). In conclusion, asymptomatic firefighters had more @entity731 and CAC than the matched controls.

title: Comparison of coronary XXXX in firefighters with abnormal stress test findings and in asymptomatic nonfirefighters with abnormal stress test findings.

entities_list: @entity1164 :: ('MESH:D016757', 'Disease') :: ['sudden cardiac death']

entities_list: @entity2791 :: ('MESH:D012078', 'Disease') :: ['artery stenosis']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

answer: @entity460 :: (MESH:D002118,Chemical) :: ['calcium']


abstract: The time courses of the contents of free, soluble and insoluble @entity4664 (PA) conjugates, PA biosynthetic and catabolic enzyme activities and mRNA levels of PA biosynthetic genes were monitored during the cell cycle of synchronized @entity286 BY-2 cell line ( @entity286 . cv. Bright Yellow 2). Progression through the cell cycle was characterized by specific biphasic changes of PA levels. The first, moderate peak in the amount of free @entity6559 coincided with the S-phase. After a transient decline in G2 phase the contents of free @entity6559 increased rapidly and peaked again during G2/M interface. Then sharply decreased with the minimum at the end of mitosis and during M/G1 transition and started to rise again with the next replication phase. Levels of PA soluble conjugates paralleled those of the free forms. Biosynthetic enzyme activities followed the biphasic manner analogous to the levels of free @entity6559 and seemed to be regulated on both transcriptional and (post)translational level. PA cellular levels were further controlled by both catabolic degradation and conjugation of @entity6559 . PA catabolism played an important role in the PA down-regulation during G2 phase and late mitosis, while the decline in free @entity6559 in G2/M interface and during the whole mitosis resulted mainly from PA conjugation. This study's results demonstrate that during the cell cycle of @entity286 BY-2 cells endogenous PA levels are intricately controlled, involving regulation of activities of biosynthetic, catabolic and conjugation enzymes.

title: @entity4664 metabolism during the cell cycle of synchronized XXXX BY-2 cell line.

entities_list: @entity4664 :: ('CHEBI:60143', 'Chemical') :: ['polyamine']

entities_list: @entity286 :: ('4097', 'Species') :: ['Nicotiana tabacum L', 'tobacco']

answer: @entity286 :: (4097,Species) :: ['tobacco']


abstract: The aim of this study was to assess cross-sectional and longitudinal correlations between uEPX and other markers of @entity565 control and @entity32 . Methods. We measured uEPX at baseline, after 1   year and after 2   years in 205 atopic asthmatic @entity1 using inhaled @entity5023 . At the same time points, we assessed symptom scores (2 weeks diary card), lung function (forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV(1))), airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), and percentage eosinophils in induced sputum (% eos). Results. We found negative correlations between uEPX and FEV(1) at baseline (r = -0.18, P = 0.01), after 1 year (r = -0.25, P < 0.01) and after 2 years (r = -0.21, P = 0.02). Within- @entity1 changes of uEPX showed a negative association with FEV(1) changes (at 1   year: r = -0.24, P = 0.01; at 2   years: r = -0.21, P = 0.03). Within- @entity1 changes from baseline of uEPX correlated with changes in % eos. No relations were found between uEPX and symptoms. Conclusion. In this population of @entity1 with @entity12131 , uEPX correlated with FEV(1) and % eos, and within-subjects changes in uEPX correlated with changes in FEV(1) and % eos. As the associations were weak and the scatter of uEPX wide, it seems unlikely that uEPX will be useful as a biomarker for monitoring @entity565 control in the individual @entity1 .

title: Urinary eosinophil protein X in childhood @entity565 : relation with changes in disease control and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patient', 'child']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['eosinophilic airway inflammation']

entities_list: @entity12131 :: ('MESH:C565292', 'Disease') :: ['atopic asthma']

entities_list: @entity5023 :: ('MESH:C065382', 'Chemical') :: ['fluticasone']

answer: @entity32 :: (MESH:D007249,Disease) :: ['eosinophilic airway inflammation']


abstract: We analyzed 20 cases with brain @entity3 from @entity694 . Fourteen were treated with radiotherapy alone (total dose 30-60 Gy), six with neurosurgery plus radiotherapy (total dose 30-40 Gy). All @entity1 had advanced primary @entity5 (T3 and T4), most of which were poorly differentiated; lymph node @entity3 were common. In 5 @entity1 (25%) the brain was the first site of distant @entity3 . Ten @entity1 (50%) had a solitary brain metastasis. As a tendency, the results of surgery plus radiotherapy were superior to those of radiotherapy alone, with respect to @entity1109 as well as to @entity5 remission and survival. Overall median survival was only 51 days. The 1-year survival rate was 6%. In 5 of 14 cases (36%) symptomatic improvement was observed after radiotherapy alone. Partial remission of the brain @entity3 occurred in 3 of 14 cases (21%). The presence of extracerebral @entity3 was the most important prognostic factor. Selected @entity1 considered to have a favourable prognosis may profit from combined treatment, i.e. neurosurgery plus radiotherapy. Despite the short survival time, stereotactic irradiation should be evaluated as an alternative to conventional radiotherapy in the remaining @entity1 because the palliative effect of fractionated external irradiation is relatively disappointing.

title: [Brain XXXX of @entity694 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['local tumour', 'tumours']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['palliation of symptoms']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon or rectum carcinoma']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['metastases']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: Several factors can affect achieving the goals with @entity1955 ( @entity2016 ) therapy. This study investigates the clinical and biochemical response to @entity2016 replacement therapy in @entity1375 @entity1 in correlation with genetic variation in Deiodinase type    ( @entity29216 ) gene. DESIGN AND SETTING: This is a cross-sectional correlation study. The setting was the @entity6 and endocrinology clinics at 2 Jordanian Hospitals. METHODOLOGY: @entity1 with @entity1375 who are controlled on stable @entity2016 replacement therapy were recruited and thyroid function test was performed. Genetic analysis to detect 4 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) @entity39879 , @entity39880 , @entity39881 and @entity39882 in @entity29216 gene was carried out using the polymerase chain reaction-based restriction fragment length polymorphism assay (PCR-RFLP). RESULTS: There was no correlation between the 4 SNPs in @entity29216 gene and replacement doses of @entity2016 , whereas a statistical significance was found between @entity39880 and central @entity551 (P<0.05). The dose of @entity2016 was associated with lower levels of TSH, fT4, @entity1144 , body mass index and waist circumference. CONCLUSION: While @entity2016 dose is associated with several positive effects on @entity1375 @entity1 , none of the examined SNPs in @entity29216 is correlated with replacement doses of the drug. However, @entity39880 polymorphism is associated with components of @entity209 including blood pressure and @entity1144 .

title: The role of type II deiodinase polymorphisms in clinical management of @entity1375 @entity1 treated with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1375 :: ('MESH:D007037', 'Disease') :: ['primary hypothyroidism', 'hypothyroid']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity1955 :: ('MESH:D013974', 'Chemical') :: ['levothyroxine']

entities_list: @entity1144 :: ('MESH:D056128', 'Disease') :: ['central obesity']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['obesity (P<0.05), and systolic and diastolic blood pressure']

answer: @entity1955 :: (MESH:D013974,Chemical) :: ['levothyroxine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Hyperglycosylated @entity1 chorionic gonadotropin ( @entity1465 -h) contains larger and more complex @entity1735 chains than regular @entity1 chorionic gonadotropin ( @entity1465 ). @entity1465 -h is thought to be the major form of @entity1465 produced by @entity5 and it has been suggested to play a key role in @entity5 invasion, but studies on @entity1465 -h in @entity5 are limited. We studied whether serum @entity1465 is hyperglycosylated, and whether measurement of @entity1465 -h in serum offers clinical value in the management of @entity5 . METHODS: We determined the serum concentrations of @entity1465 -h, @entity1465 , and the free b subunit of @entity1465 ( @entity1465 ) by time-resolved immunofluorometric assays in 176 serum samples (preoperative n = 67, relapse n = 20, follow-up n = 89) obtained from 84 @entity5 @entity1 . We analyzed the association between preoperative serum concentrations of @entity1465 , @entity1465 -h, and @entity1465 with known prognostic factors and progression-free survival time. RESULTS: A major proportion of @entity1465 was hyperglycosylated preoperatively, at relapse, and shortly after treatment. The serum concentrations of @entity1465 -h and @entity1465 correlated strongly with each other and had similar diagnostic value. The preoperative serum concentration of @entity1465 -h correlated with prognostic factors and outcome in the same way as @entity1465 . Increased preoperative @entity1465 concentration predicted shorter progression-free survival. CONCLUSIONS: Most of the @entity1465 expressed by @entity5 is hyperglycosylated and therefore it is important that @entity1465 assays used for management of @entity5 recognize @entity1465 -h.

title: Hyperglycosylated @entity1 chorionic gonadotropin in serum of XXXX @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'testicular cancers', 'testicular cancer']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['testicular cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The lower limit of exposure to calcineurin inhibitors has not yet been established in de novo renal transplant @entity1 receiving @entity3442 therapy with basiliximab. METHODS: A 12-month, multicenter, randomized, open-label trial was carried out in which de novo renal transplant @entity1 received enteric-coated mycophenolate @entity1372 , @entity205 microemulsion, @entity230 and basiliximab. @entity1 were randomized to receive standard-exposure (n = 45) or reduced-exposure (n = 44) @entity205 , based on differing C2 target ranges, after the first month post-transplant. RESULTS: @entity205 exposure gradually increased over the first month and was lower than previously recommended. Mean calculated creatinine clearance (primary end-point) was similar in the standard-exposure and reduced-exposure groups at month 6 (55.3+/-3.2 ml/min and 61.5+/-3.7 ml/min respectively, n.s.). There were 4 deaths but no death-censored graft losses, resulting in 95.5% @entity1 and graft survival at one year in both groups. At 6 and 12 months, the incidence of biopsy-proven acute rejection was 17.8% and 17.8% in the standard-exposure group, and 13.6% and 15.9% in the reduced-exposure group. Adverse events were similar between treatment groups. Exploratory analyses could not identify a lower limit for the optimal CsA exposure range, but results suggested that high exposure at one year was associated with deteriorating renal function. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that enteric-coated mycophenolate @entity1372 with reduced-exposure @entity205 , @entity230 and basiliximab induction has an excellent therapeutic effect and is safe in de novo kidney transplant recipients. Lower C2 targets than previously recommended, particularly early post-transplant, do not appear to be associated with compromised efficacy.

title: Reduced-exposure @entity205 is safe and efficacious in de novo renal transplant recipients treated with enteric-coated XXXX and basiliximab.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3442 :: ('MESH:D009173', 'Chemical') :: ['mycophenolic acid']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['Cyclosporine', 'cyclosporine']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

answer: @entity3442 :: (MESH:D009173,Chemical) :: ['mycophenolic acid']


abstract: The golden ( @entity329 is a seasonal breeder, and exposure of adult animals to short days results in severe @entity444 with morphological features that resemble the immature testis. The purpose of this study was to investigate testicular steroidogenic capacity in the @entity329 and to analyse the influence of age and photoperiod on this process. Hamsters aged 36 days were maintained on a long photoperiod (14L:10D), and adult animals were then exposed to a long or a short photoperiod (6L:18D) for 14 weeks (the period of time required to achieve maximal @entity444 ), to assess circulating levels and in vitro production of @entity251 , @entity586 and @entity38542 . In peripubertal hamsters, @entity38542 was the main circulating @entity342 detected, whereas in active adult animals, @entity251 showed the highest serum levels. In hamsters exposed to a short photoperiod, blood @entity251 levels were significantly lower than levels in adult hamsters exposed to a long photoperiod. Exposure of adult hamsters to a short photoperiod produced a marked reduction in serum concentrations of @entity586 and @entity38542 , which was not accompanied by a decrease in testicular 5 alpha-reductase activity. In the in vitro experiments, active adult testes were less sensitive than inactive adult testes to stimulation of @entity342 production with hCG, but showed similar sensitivity to the gonads from hamsters aged 36 days. In accordance with circulating @entity342 concentrations, the principal @entity3800 produced in the in vitro assays from peripubertal and normal adult testes were @entity38542 and @entity251 , respectively. Unexpectedly, the main @entity342 produced from regressed testes under in vitro conditions was @entity38542 . Inactive gonads released more @entity38542 than did normal adult testes and total in vitro @entity342 production ( @entity251 + @entity586 + @entity38542 ) from adult testes was not diminished by exposure to a short photoperiod. However, in spite of the significant increase detected in production of @entity38542 in vitro from regressed testes, inactive gonads produced less @entity38542 than did peripubertal testes. In summary, our studies suggest that testicular @entity342 biosynthetic capacity in adult hamsters exposed to short photoperiod is not reduced and these regressed testes represent an intermediate physiological state between peripubertal and active adult testes. The significant decrease detected in serum @entity342 concentrations during the involution phase could result from the absence of stimulating pituitary factors, together with a negative regulation of steroidogenesis by different non-steroidal signals originating within and/or outside of the testis.

title: Influence of age and photoperiod on steroidogenic function of the testis in the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity38542 :: ('CHEBI:18011', 'Chemical') :: ['androstane-3 alpha, 17 beta-diol']

entities_list: @entity586 :: ('MESH:D013196', 'Chemical') :: ['dihydrotestosterone']

entities_list: @entity329 :: ('10036', 'Species') :: ['Syrian) hamster', 'golden hamster']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen']

entities_list: @entity444 :: ('MESH:D006059', 'Disease') :: ['gonadal regression']

entities_list: @entity3800 :: ('MESH:D000728', 'Chemical') :: ['androgens']

answer: @entity329 :: (10036,Species) :: ['golden hamster']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To measure the association of transplant @entity1 ' personality, @entity308 , and quality of life with medication adherence in kidney and liver transplant recipients. METHODS: A cross-sectional study of liver and kidney transplant recipients greater than 1 year post-transplant was conducted. @entity1 ' adherence with medications was assessed using the Immunosuppressive Therapy Adherence Scale. Personality and @entity308 were assessed using the NEO Five-Factor Inventory Scale and @entity1 Health Questionnaire 9, respectively. Quality of life was assessed using the Short Form-36, and functional status was determined using the Karnofsky Performance Status Scale. RESULTS: A total of 86 kidney and 50 liver transplant @entity1 completed the surveys. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated an association between @entity308 and adherence with immunosuppressive medications in kidney transplant recipients. Kidney transplant @entity1 who exhibited "low @entity1538 " scores were 91% more likely to be nonadherent. Kidney transplant @entity1 ' physical functional status was strongly associated with nonadherence, and for each point increase in functionality the @entity1 ' adherence increased by 4%. In the liver sample, age was associated with adherence. For every year increase in age, adherence increased by 7%. CONCLUSION: The presence of low @entity1538 as a personality trait, poor physical functional status, and @entity308 were associated with adherence in the kidney transplant population. In the liver transplant population, younger age was associated with nonadherence.

title: Is there an association between immunosuppressant therapy medication adherence and XXXX , quality of life, and personality traits in the kidney and liver transplant population?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['depression']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The management of @entity4854 in conventional wards is suboptimal. The objective of our study was to evaluate the efficacy of a proactive intervention supported by point-of-care system with remote viewing of capillary blood @entity413 (CBG) on glycemic control as compared to usual care in non-critical surgical @entity1 . @entity1 AND METHOD: Two sequential periods of 2 months were defined. In the first phase (control, CPh), in which the surgical team was in charge of glycemic control, capillary @entity413 levels were recorded by StatStrip(  ) system, and endocrinological support was provided upon surgeons request. In a second phase (intervention, IPh), the endocrinologist proceeded based on remotely-viewed CBG values. We compared the use of basal-bolus therapy and the degree of glycemic control between the 2 study periods. RESULTS: The IPh was associated with greater use of basal-bolus regimens (21.4 vs. 58.3%; P=.003). The average CBG during the CPh was 161    64 vs. 142    48 mg/dL during the IPh (P<.001). The IPh was associated with an increased frequency of CBG determinations between 70-140 mg/dL (CPh: 41.8 vs. IPh: 52.5%; P<.001), lower frequency of >=  250 mg/dL CBG determinations (CPh: 9 vs. IPh: 3.5%; P<.001), with no increase in the frequency of @entity4053 (CPh: 3 vs. IPh: 3.7%; P=.39). CONCLUSIONS: A proactive endocrine intervention facilitated by a point-of-care system with remote viewing of CBG is associated with improved glycemic control in non-critical @entity1 , without any further increase in the number of hypoglycaemic recordings.

title: [Management of inpatient @entity413 in non-critical care setting: impact of a proactive intervention based on a point-of-care of system with remote viewing of capillary blood XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity4854 :: ('MESH:D006943', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemia']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity4053 :: ('MESH:D007003', 'Disease') :: ['hypoglycemia']

answer: @entity413 :: (MESH:D005947,Chemical) :: ['glucose']


abstract: In the post-genome era, it is one challenge to understand the cellular metabolism at the systematic levels. Mathematical modeling of microorganisms and subsequent computer simulation are effective tools for systems biology. In this paper, based on the genome-scale @entity526 stoichiometric model iJR904, through the GAMS linear programming package, the in silico maximal succinate yield was estimated to be 1.714 mol/mol @entity413 . When another two constraints were added, the maximal succinate yield dropped to 1.60 mol/mol @entity413 . Further analysis substantiated the uniqueness of the flux distribution under such constraints. After comparisons with the metabolic flux analysis (MFA) results computed from the wet experimental data of the three kinds of @entity526 , three potential improvement target sites, the @entity413 phosphotransferase transport system, the @entity2388 carboxylase, and the glyoxylate shunt, were identified and selected for the genetic modifications. All the three genetic modified strains showed increased succinate yield. The final strain TUQ19/pQZ6 had a high yield of 1.29 mol succinate/mol @entity413 and high productivity. The success of the above experiments proved that this in silico optimal succinate production pathway is reasonable and practical. This method may also be used as a general strategy to help enhance the yields of other favorable metabolites in @entity526 .

title: Genome-scale in silico aided metabolic analysis and flux comparisons of XXXX to improve succinate production.

entities_list: @entity2388 :: ('MESH:D019289', 'Chemical') :: ['pyruvate']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli', 'E. coli']

answer: @entity526 :: (562,Species) :: ['Escherichia coli']


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate the effectiveness of intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) in the assessment of the therapeutic efficacy of @entity2857 in an @entity157 ( @entity157 ) xenograft model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-five @entity157 nude @entity19 models were established. IVIM was performed on a 1.5T MR scanner at baseline (n   =   5) and serially at 7, 14, and 21 days after @entity2857 treatment. The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADCtotal ), true diffusion coefficient (D), pseudodiffusion coefficient (D*), and perfusion fraction (f) at these timepoints were measured and compared between the treated (n   =   15) and control group (n   =   15). Differences in measurements among different timepoints were evaluated. Correlations between IVIM parameters and histologic features including @entity39 ( @entity39 ) and microvessel density (MVD) were analyzed. RESULTS: Compared to the control group, ADCtotal and D were significantly higher at each timepoint (P   =   0.009), while f significantly decreased at 7 days (P   =   0.009) and increased at 21 days (P   =   0.028) in the treated group. Serial measurements in the treated group showed that both ADCtotal and D increased significantly at 7, 14, and 21 days compared to baseline (P < 0.05), while f significantly declined at 7 days (P   =   0.016) and increased at 21 days (P   =   0.009). Significant correlations were found between ADCtotal and @entity39 (r   =   0.811, P < 0.001), D and @entity39 (r   =   0.838, P < 0.001), and between f and @entity39 (r   =   0.528, P   =   0.017) in the treated group. CONCLUSION: IVIM may provide useful biomarkers for evaluating the therapeutic effects of @entity2857 on @entity157 . LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 1 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2017;45:270-280.

title: Evaluation of antiangiogenic and antiproliferative effects of XXXX by sequential histology and intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted imaging in an @entity157 xenograft model.

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'orthotopic hepatocellular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity2857 :: ('MESH:C471405', 'Chemical') :: ['sorafenib']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['NF', 'necrotic fraction']

answer: @entity2857 :: (MESH:C471405,Chemical) :: ['sorafenib']


abstract: A questionnaire-based follow-up study of 150 Finnish @entity1 with @entity3459 was conducted to evaluate the changes in clinical manifestation of the disease, @entity158 intensity, functional disability and @entity1 's health-related quality of life, occurring during a 3-year period. Health-related quality of life was assessed using the MOS-36 health survey. The clinical severity of the disease manifestation was estimated using the frequency of @entity548 episodes into joints and soft tissue during the previous 12 months. Severity of musculoskeletal morbidity, which reflects simultaneous presence of @entity158 and disability, was estimated using intensity of @entity158 and level of disability. Results showed that clinical severity of the disease remained unchanged during the 3-year period for the majority of @entity1 . Nonetheless, the annual number of @entity548 in @entity1 with severe or moderately severe @entity447 was still disconcertingly high and the number of @entity548 episodes into soft tissue had increased. The clinical severity of the disease manifestation, rather than the severity of the disease based on molecular classification, was a factor that negatively influenced the intensity of @entity158 (both acute and chronic), as well as level of disability. Severity of musculoskeletal morbidity at time 1 and changes in severity of musculoskeletal morbidity over time were found to be significant predictors of physical role, bodily @entity158 , vitality and social functioning. In conclusion, the disease can be relatively well controlled by the availability of coagulation products, thus stabilizing the clinical severity of the disease manifestation during the 3-year period studied. The findings stress the importance of preventing @entity548 to avoid resulting permanent @entity73 and disability.

title: Clinical severity of disease, functional disability and health-related quality of life. Three-year follow-up study of 150 Finnish XXXX with @entity3459 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding', 'bleeds', 'haemorrhages']

entities_list: @entity447 :: ('MESH:D006467', 'Disease') :: ['haemophilia']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['joint impairment']

entities_list: @entity3459 :: ('MESH:D025861', 'Disease') :: ['coagulation disorders']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Measurement of HbA1c is widely used to control @entity6 ( @entity6 ) and is one of the methods to diagnose @entity6 . We adopted the measurement of HBA1c in the annual medical examination of residents at a nursing home for the elderly in order to obtain the normal serum level of HbA1c in the elderly and analyze the influence of aging on HbA1c. HbA1c and the body mass index (BMI) were measured in 968 elderly. HbA1c was distributed from 3.7 to 12.5%. Mean and SD, were 5.03 +/- 0.61% and there was no difference of the serum level of @entity4051 c between males and females. HbA1c was below 6.0% in 95% of all subjects. There was no correlation between age and HbA1c. To determine data trends, we divided the elderly into 4 age groups of 60 to 69 years, 70 to 79 years, 80 to 89 years and 90 or more. With advancing age, @entity4051 c gradually increased but there was no significant difference of HbA1c among the 3 groups which were younger than the group aged 90 or more. @entity4051 c was 5.51 +/- 1.06% in the group aged more than 90 years and there was a significant difference in the value of HbA1c between the group aged 90 or more and other groups. Inversely, BMI gradually decreased with age and there was also a significant difference of BMI between the group aged 90 or more and the other groups. These results suggest that there is a difference of metabolic condition between the group aged 90 or more and the other groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Measurement of HbA1c as a method to diagnose XXXX in nursing home residents].

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus', 'DM']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes mellitus']


abstract: @entity38648 , a B-cell specific transcription factor, plays a critical role in oxidative stress-mediated apoptosis. @entity1749 (Velcade(TM)) is widely used to treat relapsed @entity1073 ( @entity1073 ) @entity1 despite varying clinical outcomes. As one of the potential mechanisms of action, @entity1749 was reported to elicit endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress which triggers reactive @entity26 species (ROS). In the present study, we investigated the redox-sensitive intracellular mechanism that might play a critical role in @entity1749 response in @entity1073 cells. We demonstrated that in @entity1073 cells that are sensitive to @entity1749 treatments, @entity38648 was translocated to the nucleus in response to @entity1749 and induced apoptotic responses through the modulation of anti-oxidative and anti-apoptotic genes. On the other hand, in @entity1749 resistant cells, @entity38648 expression was confined in the cytoplasm and no suppression of antiapoptotic or antioxidative genes, @entity13791 , Gss, CAT, @entity13975 and @entity2423 , was detected. Importantly, levels of @entity38648 were significantly higher in @entity1749 sensitive @entity1073 @entity1 cells, indicating that @entity38648 levels could be an indicator for clinical @entity1749 responses. @entity38648 translocation to the cytoplasm after phosphorylation was inhibited by PI3K inhibitors and combinatory regimens of @entity1749 and PI3K inhibitors sensitized @entity1073 cells to @entity1749 . These data suggest that cellular distribution of @entity38648 in response to ROS determines the threshold for the induction of apoptosis. Therapies that inhibit @entity38648 phosphorylation could be the key for increasing @entity1749 cytotoxic response in @entity1 .

title: Nuclear translocation of B-cell-specific transcription factor, @entity38648 , modulates ROS mediated cytotoxic responses in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity1073 :: ('MESH:D020522', 'Disease') :: ['mantle cell lymphoma', 'MCL']

entities_list: @entity1749 :: ('MESH:C400082', 'Chemical') :: ['bortezomib', 'Bortezomib']

answer: @entity1073 :: (MESH:D020522,Disease) :: ['mantle cell lymphoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is a critical complication in @entity1398 @entity1 . Recurrent @entity3 is especially associated with high mortality. Therefore, secondary prophylaxis is important in @entity1 with a history of @entity3 . We retrospectively assessed the effect of secondary prophylaxis for @entity3 . METHODS: We reviewed the medical records of 46 hematology @entity1 who developed possible, probable, or proven @entity3 according to the EORTC/MSG criteria between 2005 and 2009, and who subsequently underwent chemotherapy (n = 30) or stem cell transplantation (n = 16). RESULTS: Ten @entity1 developed recurrent @entity3 within 10 days after recovery from @entity1398 . None of the 15 @entity1 who achieved complete response (CR) of @entity3 experienced recurrent @entity3 . Among @entity1 who did not achieve CR of @entity3 , multivariate analysis identified the following independent risk factors: female sex (hazard ratio (HR) 7.23, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.38-21.9, p = 0.00047), high serum C-reactive protein level (>=  1 mg/dl) at the beginning of subsequent therapy (HR 4.46, 95% CI 1.51-13.2, p = 0.007), and the use of @entity1331 (HR 12.0, 95% CI 2.03-71.2, p = 0.0061) or @entity2379 (HR 16.5, 95% CI 1.56-174, p = 0.020) for secondary prophylaxis (reference: @entity5074 ). CONCLUSIONS: Three risk factors for recurrent @entity3 were identified. However, a prospective controlled trial is required to evaluate the impact of secondary prophylactic regimens.

title: Retrospective assessment of secondary prophylaxis for invasive aspergillosis in XXXX hematology @entity1 and identification of risk factors for relapse of fungal disease.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1331 :: ('MESH:C121905', 'Chemical') :: ['micafungin']

entities_list: @entity2379 :: ('MESH:D000666', 'Chemical') :: ['amphotericin B']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia', 'neutropenic']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['Invasive aspergillosis', 'IA']

entities_list: @entity5074 :: ('MESH:C102790', 'Chemical') :: ['voriconazole']

answer: @entity1398 :: (MESH:D009503,Disease) :: ['neutropenic']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity15512 improved overall survival in metastatic castration-resistant @entity263 at a preplanned interim analysis of the COU-AA-301 double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 study. Here, we present the final analysis of the study before crossover from placebo to @entity15512 (after 775 of the prespecified 797 death events). METHODS: Between May 8, 2008, and July 28, 2009, this study enrolled 1195 @entity1 at 147 sites in 13 countries. @entity1 were eligible if they had metastatic castration-resistant @entity263 progressing after @entity1205 . @entity1 were stratified according to baseline Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status, worst @entity158 over the past 24 h on the Brief Pain Inventory-Short Form, number of previous chemotherapy regimens, and type of progression. @entity1 were randomly assigned (ratio 2:1) to receive either @entity15512 (1000 mg, once daily and orally) plus @entity229 (5 mg, orally twice daily) or placebo plus @entity229 with a permuted block method via an interactive web response system. The primary endpoint was overall survival, analysed in the intention-to-treat population. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00091442. FINDINGS: Of the 1195 eligible @entity1 , 797 were randomly assigned to receive @entity15512 plus @entity229 ( @entity17931 group) and 398 to receive placebo plus @entity229 (placebo group). At median follow-up of 20  2 months (IQR 18  4-22  1), median overall survival for the @entity17931 group was longer than in the placebo group (15  8 months [95% CI 14  8-17  0] vs 11  2 months [10  4-13  1]; hazard ratio [HR] 0  74, 95% CI 0  64-0  86; p<0  0001). Median time to PSA progression (8  5 months, 95% CI 8  3-11  1, in the @entity17931 group vs 6  6 months, 5  6-8  3, in the placebo group; HR 0  63, 0  52-0  78; p<0  0001), median radiologic progression-free survival (5  6 months, 5  6-6  5, vs 3  6 months, 2  9-5  5; HR 0  66, 0  58-0  76; p<0  0001), and proportion of @entity1 who had a PSA response (235 [29  5%] of 797 @entity1 vs 22 [5  5%] of 398; p<0  0001) were all improved in the @entity17931 group compared with the placebo group. The most common grade 3-4 adverse events were @entity1295 (72 [9%] of 791 @entity1 in the @entity17931 group vs 41 [10%] of 394 in the placebo group), @entity417 (62 [8%] vs 32 [8%]), back @entity158 (56 [7%] vs 40 [10%]), and @entity158 (51 [6%] vs 31 [8%]). INTERPRETATION: This final analysis confirms that @entity15512 significantly prolongs overall survival in @entity1 with metastatic castration-resistant @entity263 who have progressed after @entity1205 treatment. No new safety signals were identified with increased follow-up.

title: @entity15512 for treatment of metastatic castration-resistant XXXX : final overall survival analysis of the COU-AA-301 randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity17931 :: ('MESH:C089740', 'Chemical') :: ['abiraterone']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity15512 :: ('MESH:C089742', 'Chemical') :: ['abiraterone acetate', 'Abiraterone acetate']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['bone pain', 'pain']

entities_list: @entity1205 :: ('MESH:C067311', 'Chemical') :: ['docetaxel']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate cancer']


abstract: GUIDELINE QUESTION: How effective is @entity1259 compared with @entity632 in the treatment of metastatic @entity0 ? OBJECTIVE: To make recommendations about the use of @entity1259 , particularly compared with @entity632 , in @entity1 with metastatic @entity0 . OUTCOMES: Outcomes of interest are response rate, survival and @entity137 . PERSPECTIVE (VALUES): Evidence was reviewed and summarized by a member of the Provincial Systemic Treatment Disease Site Group (DSG) of the @entity5 Care Ontario Practice Guidelines Initiative. Drafts of the practice guideline were reviewed and discussed by the Breast @entity5 DSG of the @entity5 Care Ontario Practice Guidelines Initiative. The 2 DSGs comprise medical oncologists, radiation oncologists, surgeons, epidemiologists, pathologists, nurses, pharmacists, a medical sociologist and a community representative. QUALITY OF EVIDENCE: Thirteen randomized controlled trials (11 published reports and 2 reports in abstract form) were reviewed that compared @entity1259 and @entity632 at equal doses, @entity1259 at a higher dose than that of @entity632 , and @entity1259 at escalating doses. BENEFITS: No significant differences were observed in response rate or median survival in the 7 trials comparing equal doses of @entity1259 and @entity632 or in the 3 trials comparing @entity1259 at a higher dose than that of @entity632 . An increased response rate was observed with higher doses of @entity1259 in the 3 trials that compared escalating doses; no difference in survival was observed. HARMS: Compared with @entity632 , @entity1259 was associated with @entity1209 (risk ratio [RR] 0.76; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.63 to 0.92; p = 0.0048), less @entity1398 (RR 0.52; 95% CI 0.35 to 0.78; p = 0.0017) and less @entity1370 (RR 0.43; 95% CI 0.24 to 0.77; p = 0.0044), including a trend toward fewer episodes of @entity712 (RR 0.38; 95% CI 0.14 to 1.04; p = 0.059). PRACTICE GUIDELINE: For the treatment of metastatic @entity0 in which the goal of treatment is palliation, @entity1259 (at doses equivalent to @entity632 ) has been shown to be equally efficacious and less toxic than @entity632 . @entity632 , however, is an acceptable alternative. CLINICAL PRACTICE GUIDELINE DATE: Oct. 2, 1997.

title: @entity1259 , alone or in combination chemotherapy, for metastatic @entity0 . Provincial XXXX Site Group and the Provincial Systemic Treatment Disease Site Group.

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin', 'Doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cancer']

entities_list: @entity1259 :: ('MESH:D015251', 'Chemical') :: ['epirubicin']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity1370 :: ('MESH:D066126', 'Disease') :: ['cardiotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity1209 :: ('MESH:D020250', 'Disease') :: ['less nausea and vomiting']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['Breast Cancer Disease']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy involving @entity1205 and @entity900 followed by intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) with concurrent @entity900 in @entity1 with newly diagnosed stage III to IVB @entity189 ( @entity189 ). METHODS: @entity1205 (75 mg/m(2) on day 1) and @entity900 (75 mg/m(2) on day 1) were administered on a 3-week cycle for 2 courses, followed by radical IMRT (72 Gy/33F/6.5-7 W) with concurrent @entity900 (75 mg/m(2), on day 1) every 3 weeks for 2 cycles. RESULTS: From June 2008 to October 2010, forty-six @entity1 were recruited in this trial. Forty-five @entity1 completed neoadjuvant setting, and all @entity1 completed planned concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). The complete and partial response rates were 28.3 and 56.5 % after neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and 91.3, 8.7 % after CCRT, respectively. After median follow-up of 26 months (range 12-39 months), one @entity1 experienced local recurrence and 4 @entity1 developed distant @entity3 . The 3-year overall survival and progression-free survival rate were 94.1 and 72.7 %, respectively. @entity1398 (37.0 %) and @entity391 (28.3 %) were the most common Grade 3-4 adverse effects during neoadjuvant course, while @entity33 (30.4 %), @entity2133 (30.4 %) and @entity20787 (21.7 %) were the most common Grades 3 acute @entity137 during CCRT. @entity2133 (73.9 %), @entity1282 (56.5 %), @entity393 (30.4 %) and skin reaction (21.7 %) were the common Grade 1-2 late effects. There were no Grades 3-4 late @entity137 . CONCLUSIONS: The protocol of neoadjuvant @entity1205 and @entity900 followed by IMRT with concurrent @entity900 was well tolerated, with outstanding compliance and efficacy in locally advanced @entity189 , which deserved further follow-up.

title: Phase II trial of neoadjuvant XXXX and @entity900 followed by intensity-modulated radiotherapy with concurrent @entity900 in locally advanced @entity189 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity2133 :: ('MESH:D014987', 'Disease') :: ['xerostomia', 'Xerostomia']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['nasopharyngeal carcinoma', 'NPC']

entities_list: @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['mucositis']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['Neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity20787 :: ('MESH:D011855', 'Disease') :: ['radiodermatitis']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['dysphagia']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hear loss']

entities_list: @entity1205 :: ('MESH:C067311', 'Chemical') :: ['docetaxel', 'Docetaxel']

answer: @entity1205 :: (MESH:C067311,Chemical) :: ['docetaxel']


abstract: Colitogenic memory CD4(+) T cells are important in the pathogenesis of @entity29 ( @entity29 ). Although memory stem cells with high survival and self-renewal capacity were recently identified in both @entity19 and @entity1 , it is unclear whether a similar subset is present in chronic @entity1960 @entity19 . We sought to identify and purify a long-lived subset of colitogenic memory CD4(+) T cells, which may be targets for treatment of @entity29 . A long-lived subset of colitogenic memory CD4(+) T cells was purified using a long-term culture system. The characteristics of these cells were assessed. @entity10191 promoted the in vitro survival for >8 weeks of lamina propria (LP) CD4(+) T cells from colitic @entity915 @entity19 previously injected with CD4(+)CD45RB(high) T cells. These cells were in a quiescent state and divided a maximum of 5 times in 4 weeks. LP CD4(+) T cells expressed higher levels of @entity1379 , integrin-a4b7, @entity14013 and @entity3783 after than before culture, as well as secreting high concentrations of @entity2047 and low concentrations of IFN-y and @entity636 in response to intestinal bacterial antigens. LP CD4(+) T cells from colitic @entity19 cultured with @entity10191 for 8 weeks induced more severe @entity1960 than LP CD4(+) T cells cultured for 4 weeks. We developed a novel culture system to purify a long-lived, highly pathogenic memory subset from activated LP CD4(+) T cells. @entity10191 promoted long-term in vitro survival of this subset in a quiescent state. This subset will be a novel, effective target for the treatment of @entity29 .

title: @entity10191 promotes long-term in vitro survival of unique long-lived memory subset generated from mucosal effector memory CD4+ T cells in chronic XXXX @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel disease', 'IBD']

answer: @entity1960 :: (MESH:D003092,Disease) :: ['colitis']