abstract: Background: Diagnosing and initiating treatment of @entity625 ( @entity625 ) as early as possible is essential to prevent irreversible joint destruction and poor clinical outcomes. Dermatologists are uniquely placed to identify early symptoms of @entity625 in @entity1569 @entity1 but levels of under- and late-diagnosis remain high. Objective: To evaluate the prevalence and clinical features of @entity625 in Spanish @entity5144 @entity1 attended by dermatologists and then referred to rheumatologic units for @entity625 diagnosis confirmation. Methods: a multicenter, non-interventional, cross-sectional trial conducted at 40 hospitals in Spain. @entity1 were initially screened for @entity625 by a dermatologist based on clinical evaluation and results from the @entity5144 Screening and Evaluation (PASE) Questionnaire. All @entity1 were then evaluated by a blinded rheumatologist for the presence of @entity625 using Moll and Wright criteria and Classification Criteria for @entity5144 (CASPAR). Results: Of 375 @entity5144 @entity1 enrolled at dermatology units, 28.6% @entity1 scored >= 44 in PASE, whereas 32.3% @entity1 screened positive for suspicion of @entity625 (clinical evaluation and/or PASE). Correlation of suspicion of @entity625 by dermatologists and PASE score was 0.368 (Pearson correlation coefficient). Following rheumatologic assessment, prevalence of @entity625 was 22.9% (86/375 @entity1 ) according to Moll and Wright and CASPAR criteria. The correlation of diagnosis of @entity625 between dermatologists and rheumatologists was 0.410 (Kappa Index). Conclusions: Prevalence of @entity625 in our study was within the range reported in other studies. Our analyses found only a moderate correlation in the diagnosis of @entity625 between dermatologists and rheumatologists. The screening questionnaire, PASE, showed a moderate predictive value for the diagnosis of @entity625 .

title: Prevalence and clinical features of @entity5144 in @entity1569 XXXX in Spain. Limitations of PASE as a screening tool.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1569 :: ('MESH:D011565', 'Disease') :: ['psoriasis']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['psoriatric arthritis', 'PsA']

entities_list: @entity5144 :: ('MESH:D015535', 'Disease') :: ['psoriatic', 'Psoriatic Arthritis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: All @entity1 hospitalized in 1982 at the Department of Gynecology in Malm   because of @entity5 of the cervix uteri attended an interview study concerning the presence of @entity5 among their nearest relatives. In addition, these @entity1 were questioned concerning earlier @entity281 . The blood group was determined as also was the secretory status and Gm allotype. As a control group the families of the male consorts were used. @entity5 was found significantly more often in mothers of the @entity1 (7.9%) than in the consorts' mothers (1.0%). Sisters, aged 20 or over, of the @entity1 had @entity5 significantly more often (7.5%) than sisters of the consorts (1.1%). Moreover, @entity5 in mothers and/or sisters was found in 15.6% of the @entity1 . In cases of @entity3 or previously operated CIS, this figure was 17.5%. The @entity1 did not differ significantly from the normal population regarding blood group or secretory status. A somewhat lower, although non-significant, frequency of Gm(1) allotype was found in @entity1 with @entity3 , compared with @entity1 with CIS. @entity1 with a positive family history of @entity5 had more often had @entity2954 (24%) than @entity1 with a negative family history (18%). The study indicates a multifactorial etiology for @entity5 .

title: XXXX , stages 0-IV.

entities_list: @entity2954 :: ('MESH:D006069', 'Disease') :: ['gonorrhea']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'cervical cancer', 'malignancy', 'Cervical cancer']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['gonorrheal infection']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['invasive cancer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Familial occurrence of cervical cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The present study measured the performance of the Papanicolaou (Pap) test and detection of @entity2622 in situ ( @entity2735 ) and @entity5 in @entity1 of organized cervical @entity5 screening in South Korea, and examined differences in the proportion of @entity2735 according to socio-demographic factors. METHODS: Data were obtained from the National @entity5 Screening Program and National Health Insurance @entity5 Screening Program databases. We analyzed data from 4,072,997 screenings of @entity1 aged 30 years or older who underwent cervical @entity5 screening by Pap test between January 1, 2005 and December 31, 2006. We calculated the performances of the Pap test and compared that according to socio-demographic factors. RESULTS: The positivity rate for all screenings was 6.6%. The @entity5 detection rate (CDR) and interval @entity5 rate (ICR) were 0.32 per 1,000 screenings, and 0.13 per 1,000 negative screenings, respectively. About 63.4% of screen-detected @entity2735 + cases ( @entity2735 or @entity3 ) were @entity2735 . The CDR and ICR, and percentage of @entity2735 among all @entity2735 + were significantly different by age group and health insurance status. The odds ratios of CDR and ICR were higher for @entity910 ( @entity910 ) recipients compared with National Health Insurance (NHI) beneficiaries. The likelihood of a detected @entity2735 + case to be @entity2735 was significantly lower among @entity910 recipients than among NHI beneficiaries. CONCLUSIONS: The difference in performance of cervical @entity5 screening among different socio-demographic groups may indicate an important influence of socio-demographic factors on preventive behavior. The findings of the study support the critical need for increasing efforts to raise awareness and provide more screening in at-risk populations, specifically low-income groups.

title: Performance of papanicolaou testing and detection of @entity2622 in situ in @entity1 of organized cervical XXXX screening in South Korea.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity2622 :: ('MESH:D002583', 'Disease') :: ['cervical carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity910 :: ('MESH:D004409', 'Disease') :: ['MAP', 'Medical Aid Program']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['invasive cervical cancer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Two types of @entity1619 cells (Th), which are categorized as @entity1198 and Th2 on the basis of cytokine production, have been reported. @entity1198 cells produce interleukin (IL)-2 and interferon (IFN)-gamma, while Th2 cells secrete @entity3646 , @entity650 , and @entity688 . We assessed the intracellular cytokine profiles of CD3/ @entity404 positive lymphocytes ( @entity404 + T-cells) in peripheral blood in @entity1 with @entity5 . METHODS: Peripheral blood samples were collected from 50 @entity1 with @entity5 and 35 healthy volunteers. The proportions of @entity404 + T-cells producing intracellular cytokines were determined using flow cytometry. RESULTS: The percentages (mean +/- SD) of @entity404 + T-cells producing @entity3646 , @entity650 , and @entity688 in the @entity5 group (73.9% +/- 13.0%, 73.0% +/- 16.6%, and 58.0% +/- 21.0%, respectively) were significantly higher than in the healthy group (37.4% +/- 12.4%, 37.8% +/- 13.5%, and 34.0% +/- 14.1%, respectively; P <0.01). Proportions of @entity404 + T-cells producing @entity3646 , @entity650 , and @entity688 in 10 @entity1 undergoing curative resection had decreased significantly 1 month after surgery (P <0.01). No significant difference was noted between groups in the percentages of @entity404 + T-cells producing @entity379 . CONCLUSIONS: Th2-dominant status develops in @entity5 @entity1 . Such lymphocyte evaluations could find applications in diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring of @entity5 @entity1 .

title: Th2 subset dominance among peripheral blood T lymphocytes in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'digestive cancers']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['digestive cancers']


abstract: Blood leucocyte subsets in neonatally (20-day-old) thymectomized (Tx) and sham-thymectomized (STx) @entity1707 were analysed 13 times over nearly 2 years. Tx piglets showed a persistent selective @entity1210 , due mainly to a approximately 95% reduction in gamma delta null T cells which fell, with a circulating half-life of approximately 2 weeks, to approximately 0.3 x 10(6)/ml. This residual population was extrathymic in origin since it increased numerically at least approximately eightfold as the Tx @entity1707 grew. Changes in other subsets were complex and affected by antigenic experience associated with weaning and with a change of accommodation at approximately 4 months postoperation (p.o.). Most major populations were increased long-term after thymectomy, especially after 3 months p.o. [i.e. surface (s)IgM+ B cells and @entity19543 +, CD8+, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II+, @entity18030 + and double-positive @entity18030 + CD8+ T-cell subsets]. However, during the first 3 months, thymectomy caused a significant delay in development of CD8high and @entity18030 + T cells and, after 4 months p.o., a continuing lack of @entity18030 only (single-positive) T cells. Fortuitous environmental antigenic stimulation caused a major transient @entity6113 , with counts increasing 1.2-fold in STx and 3.5-fold in Tx @entity1707 . This was largely due to an increase in @entity19543 + CD8+ MHC class II+ T cells, particularly in Tx @entity1707 . The small residual thymus-independent gamma delta null subset also increased, while gamma delta T cells in STx @entity1707 actually decreased. Evolving changes in expression of CD45, CD45R, @entity19544 , @entity19545 and very late antigen type-4 (VLA-4) also occurred following thymectomy. Thus, the most persistent long-term effect of thymectomy, other than the lack of gamma delta null T cells, was the markedly increased numbers of double-positive ( @entity18030 + CD8low) T cells, most of which expressed MHC class II and higher levels of adhesion molecules.

title: Major long-term changes in gamma delta T-cell receptor-positive and @entity19543 + T-cell subsets after neonatal thymectomy in the XXXX : a longitudinal study lasting nearly 2 years.

entities_list: @entity6113 :: ('MESH:D008218', 'Disease') :: ['lymphocytosis']

entities_list: @entity1210 :: ('MESH:C536227', 'Disease') :: ['leucopenia']

answer: @entity1707 :: (9823,Species) :: ['pig']


abstract: Skin grafts and local flaps are conventional methods for repairing simple syndactyly. Skin grafts usually leave unsightly appearance and @entity1159 formation. In this study, unipedicled distally based venous flap were raised from third or fourth metacarpal area of the hand for syndactyly treatment. The distally based venous flap was to provide skin coverage to one side of the finger, in order to avoid complications arising from using skin graft. Nine @entity1 ' syndactylies (5 simple incomplete and 4 simple complete syndactyly) were treated using this method. The mean follow-up period of the flaps was 14 months, ranging from 12 to 16 months. Mild @entity4 and @entity450 occurred in all flaps. Superficial @entity39 involving two flaps did not affect flap survival. All flaps survived completely. In this article, we have described a new surgical technique for the correction of syndactyly in a single surgical procedure that utilizes a distally based venous flap to provide skin coverage without skin graft.

title: Distally based venous flap: a new technique for the correction of syndactyly without skin graft in adult XXXX .

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity450 :: ('MESH:D006940', 'Disease') :: ['venous congestion']

entities_list: @entity1159 :: ('MESH:D003286', 'Disease') :: ['contracture']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: The cDNA coding for @entity19 @entity1618 ( @entity1618 ) was transduced into the parental cells of a spontaneous @entity420 of BALB/c @entity19 ( @entity10319 -pc), and clones secreting small, medium, and large quantities of @entity1618 were selected. In vivo, both low and high producer clones do not display an enhanced ability to grow in H-2 and non-H-2 incompatible @entity19 . Instead, the intensity of their rejection increases in function of the amount of @entity1618 released. After an initial growth period in syngeneic @entity19 , high producer clones undergo complete rejection due to the combined action of CD8+ lymphocytes, NK cells, and neutrophils. After this rejection, @entity19 are immune to a subsequent challenge with @entity10319 -pc. This memory rests on a strong lytic activity of CD8+ CTL and granulocytes. Following the rejection, @entity19 also develop anti- @entity10319 Ab that guide the granulocytes in @entity10319 -pc memory reaction. A direct comparison shows that although @entity10319 clones engineered to release @entity2047 activate CTL and no anti- @entity10319 Ab, those engineered to release @entity58 activate a strong Ab response but not CTL. The kind of cytokine released by the @entity5 appears to determine the type of response. However, @entity1618 high producer cells do not deviate the immune memory, neither toward a @entity630 nor a @entity61 . Both the CTL activity and the Ab responses induced by @entity1618 high producer cells are the strongest so far observed in the @entity10319 system.

title: Local release of @entity1618 by transfected XXXX mammary @entity420 cells does not suppress but enhances antitumor reaction and elicits a strong cytotoxic lymphocyte and antibody-dependent immune memory.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Two types of @entity1619 cells (Th), which are categorized as @entity1198 and Th2 on the basis of cytokine production, have been reported. @entity1198 cells produce interleukin (IL)-2 and interferon (IFN)-gamma, while Th2 cells secrete @entity3646 , @entity650 , and @entity688 . We assessed the intracellular cytokine profiles of CD3/ @entity404 positive lymphocytes ( @entity404 + T-cells) in peripheral blood in @entity1 with @entity5 . METHODS: Peripheral blood samples were collected from 50 @entity1 with @entity5 and 35 healthy volunteers. The proportions of @entity404 + T-cells producing intracellular cytokines were determined using flow cytometry. RESULTS: The percentages (mean +/- SD) of @entity404 + T-cells producing @entity3646 , @entity650 , and @entity688 in the @entity5 group (73.9% +/- 13.0%, 73.0% +/- 16.6%, and 58.0% +/- 21.0%, respectively) were significantly higher than in the healthy group (37.4% +/- 12.4%, 37.8% +/- 13.5%, and 34.0% +/- 14.1%, respectively; P <0.01). Proportions of @entity404 + T-cells producing @entity3646 , @entity650 , and @entity688 in 10 @entity1 undergoing curative resection had decreased significantly 1 month after surgery (P <0.01). No significant difference was noted between groups in the percentages of @entity404 + T-cells producing @entity379 . CONCLUSIONS: Th2-dominant status develops in @entity5 @entity1 . Such lymphocyte evaluations could find applications in diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring of @entity5 @entity1 .

title: Th2 subset dominance among peripheral blood T lymphocytes in XXXX with @entity5 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: AIM: To study the effects of rhubarb (dried root of Rheum officinale Baill.) on contractile activity of isolated gastric muscle strips of @entity840 and its possible mechanism. METHODS: A total of 48 @entity840 were killed to remove the whole stomach. Then, the stomach was opened and the mucosal layer was removed. Parallel to the circular fibers, muscle strips were cut from the body. Each isolated @entity11090 was suspended in a tissue chamber containing 5 mL Krebs solution, constantly warmed by water jacket at 37 degrees and bubbled continuously with a mixed gas of 950 mL/L O2 and 50 mL/L @entity3158 . After being incubated for 1 h with 1 g tension, rhubarb of varied concentrations (1%, 2%, 7%, 20% and 70%) was added cumulatively into the tissue chamber at intervals of 2 min. @entity3897 (10(-6) mol/L) or @entity1855 (5 x 10(-8) mol/L) or @entity4033 (10(-5) mol/L) was given 2 min before the administration of rhubarb. The isometrical response was measured with an ink-writing recorder. RESULTS: Rhubarb dose dependently increased the resting tension of gastric body circular muscle (CM) (r = 0.726, P<0.05). @entity3897 (r = 0.829, P<0.05), @entity1855 (r = 0.764, P<0.05) and @entity4033 (r = 0.797, P<0.05) did not affect its action in a dose-related manner. @entity3897 apparently reduced the increasing action of 1%, 3%, 10%, 30% and 100% rhubarb on the resting tension of @entity121 . @entity1855 inhibited the effect of 10%, 30% and 100% rhubarb on the resting tension of @entity121 . @entity4033 reduced the increasing action of 1%, 10%, 30% and 100% rhubarb on the resting tension of @entity121 . Rhubarb increased the contractile frequency of CM of body. While @entity3897 , @entity1855 and @entity4033 did not inhibit the contractile frequency of @entity121 in comparison with rhubarb at the same concentration, rhubarb at the highest concentration (100%) decreased the mean contractile amplitude of @entity121 . @entity3897 , @entity1855 and @entity4033 did not affect the mean contractile amplitude of @entity121 compared to rhubarb at the same concentration. CONCLUSION: Rhubarb has exciting actions on isolated gastric smooth muscle strips of @entity840 . The exciting action of rhubarb is partly mediated via cholinergic M receptor, cholinergic N receptor and L-type @entity460 channel.

title: Effects of rhubarb on isolated gastric muscle strips of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity4033 :: ('MESH:D018738', 'Chemical') :: ['Hexamethonium', 'hexamethonium']

entities_list: @entity1855 :: ('MESH:D014700', 'Chemical') :: ['Isoptin', 'isoptin']

entities_list: @entity840 :: ('10141', 'Species') :: ['guinea pigs', 'guinea pig']

entities_list: @entity3897 :: ('MESH:D001285', 'Chemical') :: ['Atropine', 'atropine']

entities_list: @entity11090 :: ('MESH:D019042', 'Disease') :: ['gastric muscle strip']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['gastric body CM']

answer: @entity840 :: (10141,Species) :: ['guinea pigs']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine the relationship between energy and nutrient consumption with chemosensory changes in @entity5 @entity1 under chemotherapy. METHODS: We carried out a cross-sectional study, enrolling 60 subjects. Cases were defined as @entity1 with @entity5 diagnosis after their second chemotherapy cycle (n = 30), and controls were subjects without @entity5 (n = 30). Subjective changes of taste during treatment were assessed. Food consumption habits were obtained with a food frequency questionnaire validated for Mexican population. Five different concentrations of three basic flavors --sweet ( @entity969 ), bitter ( @entity1133 ), and a novel basic taste, umami ( @entity5542 )-- were used to measure detection thresholds and @entity10400 ( @entity10400 ). We determine differences between energy and nutrient consumption in cases and controls and their association with taste DT and @entity10400 . RESULTS: No demographic differences were found between groups. Cases showed higher sweet DT (6.4 vs. 4.4 micromol/ml; p = 0.03) and a higher bitter @entity10400 (100 vs. 95 micromol/ml; p = 0.04) than controls. Cases with sweet DT above the median showed significant lower daily energy (2,043 vs.1,586 kcal; p = 0.02), proteins (81.4 vs. 54 g/day; p = 0.01), @entity3363 (246 vs.192 g/day; p = 0.05), and @entity219 consumption (19 vs.11 mg/day; p = 0.01) compared to cases without sweet DT alteration. Cases with sweet DT and @entity10400 above median were associated with lower completion of energy requirements and consequent weight loss. There was no association between flavors DT or @entity10400 and nutrient ingestion in the control group. CONCLUSION: Changes of sweet DT and bitter @entity10400 in @entity5 @entity1 under chemotherapy treatment were associated with lower energy and nutrient ingestion. Taste detection and @entity10400 disorders could be important factors in @entity3147 development on @entity1 with @entity5 under chemotherapy treatment.

title: Influence of taste disorders on dietary behaviors in XXXX @entity1 under chemotherapy.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity969 :: ('MESH:D013395', 'Chemical') :: ['sucrose']

entities_list: @entity3147 :: ('MESH:D044342', 'Disease') :: ['malnutrition']

entities_list: @entity10400 :: ('MESH:D020238', 'Disease') :: ['RT', 'recognition thresholds']

entities_list: @entity5542 :: ('CHEBI:64243', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium glutamate']

entities_list: @entity3363 :: ('MESH:D002241', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrates']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: The effect of rhIL-3 was investigated in 32 @entity1 with newly diagnosed @entity1893 in a phase I/II trial. All @entity1 received 6 cycles of standard @entity3726 chemotherapy, and each @entity1 was his own control where rhIL-3 was given as a daily s.c. injection for 14 days (day 2-15) in cycle 2 and 4, while cycle 1 and 3 were control cycles. Five dose levels were examined (0.5 - 1 - 5 - 7.5 - 10 micrograms/kg). Compared to the other more lineage-specific hemopoietic growth factors G- and @entity2841 , the effect of rhIL-3 on the hemopoiesis was less dramatic and more delayed, i.e. the most apparent effect was observed in the 2 weeks of treatment. Thus, the neutrophil counts from days 15 to 22 following @entity3726 were significantly raised and the duration of @entity1398 was shorter (significantly only at 10 micrograms/kg), while the nadir values were unaffected. Platelet recovery from days 12-22 was significantly increased and nadir values occurred earlier compared to control cycles, but were only increased in some subsets. Other cell populations affected moderately in the recovery period were eosinophils and monocytes. Reticulocytes increased, but no effect on hemoglobin or RBC transfusion requirement was noted. Only moderate adverse reactions occurred such as @entity221 , chills, @entity1671 . There was no evidence of stimulation of @entity5 growth. Most significant, the rhIL-3 treatment at all but the lowest dose levels led to an improved tolerance to chemotherapy, as indicated by a decline in number of delayed cycles. A conclusion concerning the role of rhIL-3 as post-chemotherapy adjuvant should await studies using rhIL-3 in combination with more lineage-restricted hemopoietic growth factors.

title: Effects of interleukin-3 following chemotherapy of XXXX . A prospective, controlled phase I/II study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1671 :: ('MESH:D005483', 'Disease') :: ['flushing of the face and flu-like symptoms']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ['non-Hodgkin lymphoma']

answer: @entity1893 :: (MESH:D008228,Disease) :: ['non-Hodgkin's lymphoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Life satisfaction is reduced in @entity64 @entity1 . However, as a rule, rehabilitation goals are not aimed at life satisfaction, but at activities and participation. In order to optimize life satisfaction in @entity64 @entity1 , rehabilitation should take into account the determinants of life satisfaction. The aim of this study was therefore to determine what factors are independent determinants of life satisfaction in a large group of @entity1 early after @entity64 . METHODS: @entity64 -surviving @entity1 were examined by a specialized nurse 6 weeks after discharge from hospital or rehabilitation setting. A standardized history and several screening lists, including the Lisat-9, were completed. Step-wise regression was used to identify independent determinants of life satisfaction. RESULTS: A total of 284 @entity64 -surviving @entity1 were included in the study. Of these, 117 answered all of the Lisat-9 questions. Most @entity1 (66.5%) rated their life as a whole as "satisfying" or "very satisfying". More depressive symptoms were independently associated with lower life satisfaction (p   <   0.001). CONCLUSION: Most @entity64 -surviving @entity1 are satisfied with their life early after a @entity64 . The score on the Hospital Anxiety and @entity308 items is independently associated with life satisfaction. Physicians should therefore pay close attention to the mood of these @entity1 .

title: XXXX is an independent determinant of life satisfaction early after @entity64 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'Stroke']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression Scale depression']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['Depression']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A modified form of @entity1168 ( @entity1168 ) brachytherapy has been developed called Axxent Electronic Brachytherapy (EBT). EBT uses a kilovolt X-ray source and does not require treatment in a shielded vault or a @entity1168 afterloader unit. A multi-center clinical study was carried out to evaluate the success of treatment delivery, safety and @entity137 of EBT in @entity1 with @entity1204 . METHODS: A total of 15 @entity1 with stage I or II @entity1204 were enrolled at 5 sites. @entity1 were treated with vaginal EBT alone or in combination with external beam radiation. RESULTS: The prescribed doses of EBT were successfully delivered in all 15 @entity1 . From the first fraction through 3 months follow-up, there were 4 CTC Grade 1 adverse events and 2 CTC Grade II adverse events reported that were EBT related. The mild events reported were @entity3833 , vaginal dryness, @entity194 , and @entity548 . The moderate treatment related adverse events included @entity3833 , and @entity158 . No Grade III or IV adverse events were reported. The EBT system performed well and was associated with limited acute @entity137 . CONCLUSIONS: EBT shows acute results similar to @entity1168 brachytherapy. Additional research is needed to further assess the clinical efficacy and safety of EBT in the treatment of @entity1204 .

title: Prospective multi-center trial utilizing electronic brachytherapy for the treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1204 :: ('MESH:D016889', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial cancer']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['rectal bleeding']

entities_list: @entity194 :: ('MESH:D001284', 'Disease') :: ['mucosal atrophy']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['vaginal pain']

entities_list: @entity1168 :: ('MESH:D001919', 'Disease') :: ['HDR', 'high dose rate']

answer: @entity1204 :: (MESH:D016889,Disease) :: ['endometrial cancer']


abstract: The araA gene encoding an L-arabinose isomerase (L-AI) from the acido-thermophilic bacterium @entity16567 cellulolytics @entity16567 was cloned and overexpressed in @entity526 . The open reading frame of the L-AI consisted of 1,503 nucleotides encoding 501 @entity535 residues. The recombinant L-AI was purified to homogeneity by heat treatment, ion-exchange chromatography, and gel filtration. The molecular mass of the enzyme was estimated to be approximately 55 kDa by @entity3208 - @entity2975 gel electrophoresis. The purified enzyme was optimally active at 75 degrees C and pH 7.5. It required divalent metal ions, either @entity3281 or @entity515 , for both enzymatic activity and thermostability improvement at higher temperatures. The enzyme showed relatively high activity and stability at acidic pH. It exhibited over 90% of its maximal activity at pH 6.0 and retained 80% of activity after 12 h incubation at pH 6.0. Catalytic property study showed that the enzyme had an interesting catalytic efficiency. Its apparent K (m), V (max), and catalytic efficiency (k (cat)/K (m)) for @entity3649 was 28.9 mM, 4.9 U/mg, and 9.3 mM(-1) min(-1), respectively. The enzyme carried out the isomerization of @entity3649 to @entity16568 with a conversion yield over 50% after 12 h under optimal conditions, suggesting its potential in @entity16568 production.

title: An L-arabinose isomerase from @entity16567 cellulolytics XXXX : cloning, expression, purification, and characterization.

entities_list: @entity3208 :: ('MESH:D012967', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium dodecyl sulfate']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity2975 :: ('CHEBI:51135', 'Chemical') :: ['polyacrylamide']

entities_list: @entity3649 :: ('MESH:D005690', 'Chemical') :: ['D-galactose']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

answer: @entity16567 :: (28049,Species) :: ['ATCC 43068']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although early data demonstrate encouraging angiographic results following intracranial stent deployment for acute @entity385 , longer-term follow-up is necessary to evaluate the clinical outcomes, as well as the durability of angiographic results. OBJECTIVE: We report 6-month clinical and radiologic follow-up data of the 20 @entity1 prospectively enrolled in the Stent-Assisted Recanalization in acute @entity385 (SARIS) trial. METHODS: Twenty @entity1 were prospectively enrolled to receive self-expanding intra-arterial stents as first-line therapy for acute @entity385 treatment. @entity1 were scheduled for follow-up 6-months after treatment for clinical evaluation ( @entity2653 [ @entity2653 ] score obtained by a trained certified research nurse/nurse practitioner) and repeat cerebral angiography. Angiographic interpretation was performed by an independent adjudicator. RESULTS: At 6 months, the @entity2653 score was  <=3 in 60% of @entity1 (n = 12) and was  <=2 in 55% of @entity1 (n = 11). Mortality at the 6-month follow-up was 35% (n = 7). Follow-up angiography was performed for 85% (11 of 13) of surviving @entity1 . All @entity1 undergoing angiographic follow-up demonstrated Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction 3 flow on digital subtraction angiography or stent patency on computed tomographic angiography. None of the @entity1 demonstrated evidence of in-stent @entity850 (>= 50% vessel narrowing). CONCLUSION: The midterm angiographic and clinical results following intracranial stent deployment for acute @entity385 are encouraging. Further study of primary stent-for- @entity64 treatment is warranted.

title: Midterm clinical and angiographic follow-up for the first Food and Drug Administration-approved prospective, Single-Arm Trial of Primary Stenting for @entity64 : SARIS (Stent-Assisted Recanalization for Acute XXXX ).

entities_list: @entity2653 :: ('MESH:C538175', 'Disease') :: ['mRS', 'modified Rankin Scale']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke', 'Ischemic Stroke']

answer: @entity385 :: (MESH:D002544,Disease) :: ['Ischemic Stroke']


abstract: The progress of 128 @entity1 with @entity472 has been followed from one to 28 (mean 14) years. Fifty-eight underwent cardiac catheterisation, and 46 (36% of the total) required surgical treatment. Of these, 42 were under 20 years old. @entity299 were noted in five. @entity884 was encountered in four. The onset of symptoms or increasing evidence of @entity4346 on the electrocardiogram were the principal indications for catheterisation. Two-dimensional echocardiography is now important in this context. There were four deaths in the 46 surgically treated @entity1 ; three of these were early and the fourth was a late death three years after operation due to a @entity999 complicating @entity884 . The 42 survivors of operation and the 82 unoperated @entity1 have remained under long-term supervision. Further surgery was necessary in 12 of the 42 surgically treated @entity1 --valve replacement in seven of them two to eight years after valvotomy, replacement of a calcified xenograft valve in three, and repeat operation in two because of recurrence of @entity3885 . @entity472 is not a benign condition in childhood and adolescence. Close supervision is necessary and when any deterioration is detected further investigation as a prelude to probable surgery is mandatory. This should not be embarked on lightly in childhood unless there are pressing indications, particularly in view of the serious disadvantages of valve replacement in childhood.

title: The management of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity999 :: ('MESH:D020766', 'Disease') :: ['massive cerebral embolus']

entities_list: @entity3885 :: ('MESH:D008173', 'Disease') :: ['subvalvar obstruction']

entities_list: @entity4346 :: ('MESH:D017379', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['Additional cardiac lesions']

entities_list: @entity472 :: ('MESH:D001024', 'Disease') :: ['congenital aortic stenosis', 'Aortic stenosis']

entities_list: @entity884 :: ('MESH:D004696', 'Disease') :: ['Infective endocarditis', 'infective endocarditis']

answer: @entity472 :: (MESH:D001024,Disease) :: ['congenital aortic stenosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The objective of this paper is to describe sources of information on @entity645 / @entity791 and their relationship with @entity791 -related knowledge and sexual behaviour in a rural area of south Senegal. METHODS: A cross-sectional study using a standardized questionnaire was administered in 1994 by local interviewers to 240 @entity1 and 242 @entity1 aged 15-59 years, randomly selected from the general population. RESULTS: Sources of @entity645 / @entity791 information most frequently cited were radio for @entity1 (61% of @entity1 ) and the local health centre for @entity1 (52% of @entity1 ). Among @entity1 , citing radio as a source of information was associated with an improved overall @entity791 -related knowledge (a seven-questions based average score was 4.30 for @entity1 citing radio acquired information and 5.90 for @entity1 not citing radio acquired information; P < 10(-4)) and was associated with a smaller number of casual sexual partners in the 12 months preceding the interview (1.94 versus 1.48; P = 0.04). @entity1 citing the local health centre as a source of @entity645 / @entity791 information had a better perception of condom use and more often felt threatened by @entity645 / @entity791 , but did not declare a significantly different number of casual sex partners in the 12 months preceding the interview. Television as a source was cited by 42% of @entity1 and 33% of @entity1 and was associated with an increased @entity791 -knowledge score for @entity1 , with a smaller number of casual sex partners for @entity1 and with better perception of condoms for @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Because of its large spread and impact, radio appears to be an efficient way to reduce risk-taking behaviour among @entity1 . In addition, it is a very convenient way to reach @entity1 with high mobility such as male seasonal migrants. For @entity1 , attendance at health centres for maternity purposes is an opportunity to receive prevention messages. Finally, numerous @entity1 and @entity1 have had the opportunity to watch television when they are in towns during the migration period. This method seems to deliver effective messages.

title: Risk behaviours and @entity791 knowledge in a rural community of Senegal: relationship with sources of XXXX information.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Women', 'people', 'men']

answer: @entity791 :: (MESH:D000163,Disease) :: ['AIDS']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1118 places an enormous burden on health care systems. @entity158 management services are well documented as an effective means to improve @entity1 outcomes. However, waiting lists to access these services are long and outcomes deteriorate. Innovative solutions such as social media are gaining attention as a way to decrease this burden and improve outcomes. It is a challenge to design research that demonstrates whether social media are acceptable to @entity1 and clinically effective. OBJECTIVE: The aim was to conduct a longitudinal pilot study to understand what aspects of research design are key to the success of running a larger-scale study of social media use in the clinical management of @entity1118 . METHODS: A 12-week study examined social media use by @entity1 on the waiting list for the Royal Melbourne Hospital @entity158 Management Service. Selected social media resources were suggested for use by @entity1 waiting for an appointment at the clinic. @entity1 filled out measures for @entity158 interference and @entity158 self-efficacy before and after the study. Follow-up was conducted at monthly intervals via telephone semistructured interviews to discuss engagement and garner individual perceptions towards social media use. A social media-use instrument was also administered as part of the after-study questionnaire. RESULTS: Targeted recruitment refined 235 @entity1 referrals to 138 (58.7%) suitable potential @entity1 . Contact was made with 84 out of 138 (60.9%) @entity1 . After a further exclusion of 54 out of 84 (64%) @entity1 for various reasons, this left 30 out of 84 (36%) @entity1 fitting the inclusion criteria and interested in study participation. A final study cohort of 17 out of 30 (57%) was obtained. Demographics of the 17 @entity1 were mixed. @entity1643 was the primary condition reported as leading to @entity1118 . Semistructured interviews collected data from 16 out of 17 (94%) @entity1 who started the trial, and at final follow-up 9 out of 17 (53%) @entity1 completed questionnaires. Low specificity of the resources to one's condition and time poorness may have been barriers to engagement. CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that with refinements, this study design can be implemented successfully when conducting a larger social media study. At present, comment cannot be made on what effect using social media can have on @entity1 on hospital waiting lists, nor whether those who use social media while waiting in @entity158 achieve better outcomes from eventual participation in a @entity1118 program. Long-term follow-up should be included in future studies to answer this. Future research should focus on multicenter randomized controlled trials, involving @entity1 in the intervention design for improved participation and outcomes and for evidence to be sound.

title: Using Social Media While Waiting in XXXX : A Clinical 12-Week Longitudinal Pilot Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1643 :: ('MESH:D017116', 'Disease') :: ['Low back pain']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic pain', 'chronic pain']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['Multidisciplinary pain', 'Pain', 'pain']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['Pain']


abstract: AIM: @entity6963 is the drug used in the therapy for @entity309 ( @entity309 ). Previous studies indicated that the efficacy of the therapy with antirheumatic drugs is more effective in @entity1 than in @entity1 . Moreover, @entity172 can decrease the anti-inflammatory action of @entity6963 . @entity172 act through the @entity172 receptors @entity1782 and @entity1783 . In @entity1782 and @entity1783 genes, several polymorphisms have been detected. The aim of the present study was to examine the association between polymorphisms in the @entity1782 and @entity1783 genes and the response to treatment of @entity309 @entity1 with @entity6963 . MATERIALS _ METHODS: The study was carried out on 115 @entity1 , mean age 54.1    11.0 years, diagnosed with @entity309 and treated with @entity6963 (20 mg daily). RESULTS: Our results indicated a better response to treatment in @entity1 with @entity1782 @entity16933 AA and @entity16934 TT genotypes after 12 months of therapy. In these @entity1 , the improvement of erythrocyte sedimentation rate, @entity1 's global assessment of disease activity on a 100 mm visual analog scale and disease activity score values was greater than in @entity1 with other genotypes. The @entity1782 @entity16933 - @entity16934 A-T haplotype was associated with a better response to treatment, the G-C haplotype with a worse response and the A-C haplotype was neutral. There were no statistically significant associations of response to treatment with @entity1783 gene @entity15762 and @entity16935 polymorphisms. CONCLUSION: The results of the present study suggest that @entity1782 gene polymorphisms in females with @entity309 may be associated with the response to treatment with @entity6963 .

title: The effect of XXXX and @entity1783 gene polymorphisms on the outcome of @entity309 treatment with @entity6963 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen', 'Estrogens', 'estrogens']

entities_list: @entity6963 :: ('MESH:C045463', 'Chemical') :: ['leflunomide', 'Leflunomide']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA']

answer: @entity1782 :: (2099,Gene) :: ['ESR1']


abstract: @entity604 in @entity309 ( @entity309 ) is a key feature both local and systemic. Anti-citrullinated protein antibodies ( @entity7134 ) have recently been found to directly induce differentiation and activation of osteoclasts and therefore contribute to periarticular @entity604 . The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of @entity7134 on systemic @entity79 ( @entity79 ) in @entity1 with established @entity309 . This is a cross-sectional study with a single-center @entity309 population. @entity79 was measured with Dual X- @entity16039 absorptiometry at lumbar and femoral sites. @entity7134 were measured by EIA. Multivariate analysis was performed adjusting for the main confounding variables. One hundred twenty-seven @entity309 @entity1 were enrolled. In univariate analysis, @entity7134 -positive @entity1 showed lower @entity79 Z-score (SD below the age- and gender-matched mean reference value) at femoral sites (p   <   0.01). A negative correlation between @entity7134 titer and @entity79 Z-score at all sites was observed (p   <   0.01). The multivariate analysis adjusted for the main confounding variables confirmed the negative effect of @entity7134 at femoral sites (p   <   0.05), but not at lumbar spine @entity79 . No significant effect of rheumatoid factor has been observed. @entity7134 have a negative titer-dependent effect on @entity79 at femoral sites, mainly constituted by cortical bone. @entity7134 -positive @entity1 , especially if at high titer, should undergo bone investigations and be treated with bone protecting agents. Disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs lowering @entity7134 titer might have positive effects on systemic bone mass.

title: Titer-Dependent Effect of Anti-Citrullinated Protein Antibodies On Systemic Bone Mass in XXXX @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity604 :: ('MESH:D016301', 'Disease') :: ['Bone loss', 'bone loss']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone mineral density', 'BMD']

answer: @entity309 :: (MESH:D001172,Disease) :: ['Rheumatoid Arthritis']


abstract: Wild-caught Phlebotomus ariasi Tonnoir permitted to feed on @entity235 infected with @entity13556 Nicolle were marked with fluorescent powder and released into their natural habitat in an uninhabited area of the C  vennes in southern France. Over a period of 29 days after release, 253 females were recaptured with CDC miniature light traps or by active search at night with portable UV lamps. The ovaries and infections in the alimentary tract were then examined. The females oviposited 6 nights after in infecting blood meal. Second blood meals were never taken during the maturation of eggs. During the first ovarian cycle, midgut infections with promastigotes were only moderately heavy. The intensity of infection increased markedly during the second ovarian cycle and, in the third ovarian cycle, the first pharynx infected with paramastigotes was seen (on day 19). From day 19 to day 29, 76% of the flies had pharyngeal infections. Three out of 19 sand flies with pharyngeal infections recaptured during this period had metacyclic promastigotes in their mouthparts. The long time required for parasites to reach the proboscis in completely natural conditions suggests that their presence in the mouthparts is not a prerequisite for transmission by bite. It is more likely that transmission is most commonly by the regurgitation of metacyclic promastigotes from the thoracic midgut following damage to the stomodaeal valve by @entity21326 produced by the parasite during its development in the gut of the @entity238 . Nevertheless, it is reasonable to assume that the bite of a @entity238 with metacyclic promastigotes in the proboscis (or salivary glands) would also be infective.

title: Mark-release-recapture of sand flies fed on leishmanial @entity235 : the natural life-cycle of XXXX in Phlebotomus ariasi.

entities_list: @entity13556 :: ('5671', 'Species') :: ['Leishmania infantum']

answer: @entity13556 :: (5671,Species) :: ['Leishmania infantum']


abstract: We studied the cases of 218 @entity1 who had had @entity130 to the upper region of the thoracic spine (first to tenth thoracic vertebra) that resulted in @entity912 . Of these, 184 @entity1 had a complete and thirty-four had an incomplete lesion of the spinal cord. Of the 184 @entity1 who had a complete lesion of the spinal cord, none of the 149 @entity1 who were followed for two to fifteen years recovered any significant @entity16 , regardless of the type of operative or non-operative treatment. Thirty of the @entity1 with an incomplete lesion of the spinal cord were followed for two to twenty years. Three others were lost to follow-up, and one died with ascending @entity39 of the spinal cord and @entity358 three months after the laminectomy. Of the remaining thirty @entity1 , twenty-three had an @entity602 , four had a @entity17160 , and three had a @entity4889 . Five @entity1 with an incomplete lesion were treated without surgery. Three of these @entity1 recovered the ability to walk while two recovered some function but were still not able to walk. Seventeen @entity1 with an incomplete lesion of the spinal cord were treated by laminectomy. Of these @entity1 , two also had cord-cooling, two had a posterior fusion, and one had cord-cooling, spine fusion, and posterior instrumentation with Harrington rods. Five @entity1 recovered partial ability to walk with braces, four did not, and eight lost @entity16 or became completely paraplegic after surgery and did not recover. Eight @entity1 with an incomplete lesion of the spinal cord were treated with anterior transthoracic decompression and fusion, three of whom had had a previous laminectomy that had not improved their status. Five @entity1 recovered the ability to walk without aids, two walked with braces, and one recovered some motor function but was not able to walk. From this study, we concluded that laminectomy is contraindicated for incomplete lesions of the upper region of the thoracic spinal cord and that anterior transthoracic decompression and fusion offers the best chance of recovery of @entity16 .

title: The results of treatment of acute injuries of the upper thoracic spine with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4889 :: ('MESH:D018455', 'Disease') :: ['Brown-S  quard syndrome']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity17160 :: ('MESH:D020210', 'Disease') :: ['central cord syndrome']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological function']

entities_list: @entity602 :: ('MESH:D013118', 'Disease') :: ['anterior cord syndrome']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary failure']

entities_list: @entity912 :: ('MESH:D010243', 'Disease') :: ['paralysis']

answer: @entity912 :: (MESH:D010243,Disease) :: ['paralysis']


abstract: PURPOSE: With the emergence of new chemotherapies and biologic agents in the treatment of metastatic @entity14 (mCRC), the optimal combination and sequencing of these therapies are yet to be determined. This study examined the extent and pattern of chemotherapy and biologic therapy use by line of treatment. Biologic continuation and dose escalation were also examined. METHODS: This study used an integrated electronic medical record database of 91 US oncology practices. Records were analyzed for 1,655 adult @entity1 with mCRC who were treated from January 1, 2004 to January 31, 2008 with systemic therapy and could be observed for >=  3 months beyond their diagnosis of @entity3 . Combination and sequence of individual drugs and regimens were examined. RESULTS: For first-line therapy, the most common chemotherapy backbone was infused @entity1487 , @entity4181 , and @entity901 (FOLFOX; 40.5% of @entity1 ), and the most common treatment regimen was FOLFOX plus bevacizumab (26.2%). For second-line therapy, @entity1487 , @entity4181 , and irinotecan (FOLFIRI) was the most common chemotherapy backbone (25.7%), and FOLFIRI plus bevacizumab was the most common treatment regimen (18.3%). Across the study period, 68.6%, 22%, and 7% of @entity1 received bevacizumab, cetuximab, and panitumumab, respectively. Among 412 @entity1 receiving bevacizumab-containing regimens as first-line therapy who then received second-line therapy, 58% continued receiving bevacizumab, with dose escalation observed in 44%. CONCLUSION: The most commonly used chemotherapy backbones for mCRC treatment were first-line FOLFOX and second-line FOLFIRI. Bevacizumab was the most frequently administered biologic therapy. Continuation and dose escalation with bevacizumab were frequently observed across lines of therapy.

title: Systemic Therapy for Metastatic XXXX : Patterns of Chemotherapy and Biologic Therapy Use in US Medical Oncology Practice.

entities_list: @entity4181 :: ('MESH:D002955', 'Chemical') :: ['leucovorin']

entities_list: @entity901 :: ('MESH:C030110', 'Chemical') :: ['oxaliplatin']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic disease']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorouracil']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['Colorectal Cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To quantify the risk of @entity3 above the location where the conization specimen was taken in @entity1 with an endocervical curettage (ECC) positive for @entity1141 at conization for high-grade @entity3146 ( @entity3146 ), and to determine if any pathologic features may influence this risk. METHODS: The charts of 104 @entity1 who underwent cervical conization for high-grade @entity1141 followed by repeat conization or hysterectomy at Los Angeles County + University of Southern California @entity1 's Hospital between January 1986 and December 1992 were reviewed retrospectively. @entity1 with invasive @entity5 on the initial conization were excluded. The ECC performed immediately after conization biopsy (conization ECC) was benign in 63 @entity1 and contained @entity1141 in 41. All available conization ECC specimens that contained @entity1141 were evaluated for @entity1141 and degree of cytologic atypia. Fisher exact test was used for statistical comparison between and within groups. RESULTS: @entity3 was not present in any @entity1 in the benign ECC group but was present in nine (22%) @entity1 in the @entity1141 group (P < .0001); five of these @entity1 had microinvasion (no more than 3 mm of stromal invasion and no lymph-vascular space involvement) and four had @entity3 . Comparison of @entity1 with involved endocervical margins revealed that none of 37 @entity1 in the benign ECC group versus eight of 27 @entity1 in the @entity1141 group had @entity3 (P < .0005). All @entity1 with invasion were 35 years or older and all @entity1 with @entity3 were 50 years or older. Neither volume nor cytologic grade of @entity1141 in the ECC was predictive of invasion in the residual cervix. CONCLUSIONS: An ECC at conization positive for @entity1141 is an important predictor of invasion in the residual cervix of @entity1 whose conization reveals high-grade @entity5436 and should be routinely performed. @entity1 50 years or older with both a positive endocervical margin and conization ECC should undergo repeat conization before further therapy. @entity1 under 50 years of age should undergo repeat conization if fertility is not desired; otherwise, close follow-up is necessary to exclude the presence of an invasive lesion in the residual cervix.

title: The role of endocervical curettage at cervical conization for high-grade XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'Women']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer or glandular dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['frank invasion', 'Invasive cancer', 'invasive cancer']

entities_list: @entity5436 :: ('MESH:D019048', 'Disease') :: ['intraepithelial neoplasia']

entities_list: @entity3146 :: ('MESH:D018290', 'Disease') :: ['cervical intraepithelial neoplasia', 'CIN']

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['volume of dysplasia', 'dysplasia']

answer: @entity1141 :: (MESH:C535662,Disease) :: ['dysplasia']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Main objective was to analyze the time delay between the onset of symptoms and the histological diagnosis of @entity418 . The subsidiary objective was to analyze the relationship between the time delay and stage of the disease at the time of definitive treatment. STUDY DESIGN, SETTING, AND METHODS: A prospective analysis of @entity1 with @entity418 presenting to a single unit over a period of 24 months was performed. Interval from the onset of symptoms to the histological diagnosis and stage at presentation was analyzed. RESULTS: There were 48 @entity1 (male = 26) with a median age of 59.5 (range 43 - 84) years. First symptom was progressive @entity1282 in all @entity1 . Subsidiary symptoms were, weight loss in 83.3% (n = 40), abdominal / chest @entity158 in 10 (20.8%), regurgitation in 14 (29.2%), odynophagia in three (6.2%), abdominal discomfort in two (3%), and @entity2210 in two (3%). The mean delay from the appearance of the first symptoms to the end point was 14.9 weeks (range 3 - 37 weeks). Total delay was due to @entity1 delay in 82%, endoscopy delay in 7%, and delay in histological diagnosis in 11%. CONCLUSIONS: As the majority (82%) in our study showed @entity1 delay, a community education program may help in their early presentation to the hospital. However, there is also a notable delay in endoscopy and histology (15%) services, mainly due to a shortage of endoscopy units and qualified histopathologists in the state sector.

title: Delay in the diagnosis of XXXX : experience of a single unit from a developing country.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity418 :: ('MESH:D004938', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal cancer']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['dysphagia']

entities_list: @entity2210 :: ('MESH:D004415', 'Disease') :: ['dyspepsia']

answer: @entity418 :: (MESH:D004938,Disease) :: ['esophageal carcinoma']


abstract: @entity505 nanotubes (CNT) are high aspect ratio nanoparticles with diameters in the nanometre range but lengths extending up to hundreds of microns. The structural similarities between CNT and @entity1355 have raised concern that they may pose a similar inhalation hazard. Recently CNT have been shown to elicit a length-dependent, @entity1355 -like inflammatory response in the @entity1143 of @entity19 , where long fibres caused @entity32 but short fibres did not. However the cellular mechanisms governing this response have yet to be elucidated. This study examined the in vitro effects of a range of CNT for their ability to stimulate the release of the acute phase cytokines; @entity1356 , @entity310 , @entity650 and the chemokine, @entity687 from both @entity1 mesothelial cells and @entity1357 macrophages. Results showed that direct exposure to CNT resulted in significant cytokine release from the macrophages but not mesothelial cells. This pro-inflammatory response was length dependent but modest and was shown to be a result of frustrated phagocytosis. Furthermore the indirect actions of the CNT were examined by treating the mesothelial cells with conditioned media from CNT-treated macrophages. This resulted in a dramatic amplification of the cytokine release from the mesothelial cells, a response which could be attenuated by inhibition of phagocytosis during the initial macrophage CNT treatments. We therefore hypothesise that long fibres elicit an inflammatory response in the @entity1143 via frustrated phagocytosis in pleural macrophages. The activated macrophages then stimulate an amplified pro-inflammatory cytokine response from the adjacent pleural mesothelial cells. This mechanism for producing a pro-inflammatory environment in the pleural space exposed to long CNT has implications for the general understanding of fibre-related @entity456 and design of safe nanofibres.

title: The mechanism of XXXX by long @entity505 nanotubes: interaction of long fibres with macrophages stimulates them to amplify pro-inflammatory responses in mesothelial cells.

entities_list: @entity1143 :: ('MESH:D010996', 'Disease') :: ['pleural cavity']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity456 :: ('MESH:D010995', 'Disease') :: ['pleural disease']

answer: @entity32 :: (MESH:D007249,Disease) :: ['pleural inflammation']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Regular use of b2-agonists may enhance non-specific airway responsiveness. The wingless/integrated (Wnt) signaling pathways are responsible for several cellular processes, including airway @entity32 and remodeling while @entity268 -PKA cascade can activate the Wnt signaling. We aimed to investigate whether the Wnt signaling pathways are involved in the @entity2488 induced by prolonged exposure to @entity2162 agonists in @entity1 isolated airways. METHODS: Bronchi were surgically removed from 44 thoracic surgery @entity1 . After preparation, bronchial rings and primary cultures of bronchial epithelial cells were incubated with @entity7284 (0.1   M, 15 hours, 37  C), a b2-agonist with high intrinsic efficacy. The effects of inhibitors/blockers of Wnt signaling on the @entity7284 -induced airway sensitization were examined and the impact of @entity7284 exposure on the mRNA expression of genes interacting with Wnt signaling or @entity268 -PKA cascade was assessed in complete bronchi and in cultured epithelial cells. RESULTS: Compared to paired controls, @entity7284 -sensitization was abolished by inhibition/blockage of the Wnt/b-catenin signaling, especially the cell-surface @entity15710 co-receptors or Fzd receptors (1   M @entity12393 or 1   M @entity5741 ) and the nuclear recruitment of TCF/LEF transcriptions factors (0.3   M @entity15711 ). Wnt proteins secretion did not seem to be involved in the @entity7284 -induced sensitization since the mRNA expression of Wnt remained low after @entity7284 exposure and the inactivator of Wnt secretion (1   M IWP2) had no effect on the @entity7284 -sensitization. @entity7284 exposure did not change the mRNA expression of genes regulating Wnt signaling or @entity268 -PKA cascade. CONCLUSIONS: Collectively, our pharmacological investigations indicate that @entity7284 -sensitization is modulated by the inhibition/blockage of canonical Wnt/b-catenin pathway, suggesting a phenomenon of biased agonism in connection with the @entity2162 stimulation. Future experiments based on the results of the present study will be needed to determine the impact of prolonged @entity7284 exposure on the extra- and intracellular Wnt signaling pathways at the protein expression level.

title: Wnt/b-Catenin Signaling Modulates XXXX Airway Sensitization Induced by @entity2162 Stimulation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity7284 :: ('MESH:D005280', 'Chemical') :: ['Fenoterol', 'fenoterol']

entities_list: @entity2488 :: ('MESH:D001982', 'Disease') :: ['bronchial hyperresponsiveness']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Human']


abstract: @entity2227 plays a predominant role in regulating the activity of orexin neurons that coordinate motivated behaviors, sleep-wake cycle and autonomic functions. To gain more insight into the properties of excitatory transmission to orexin neurons, whole cell patch clamp recordings were made in @entity35 brain slices and quantal analysis of pharmacologically isolated miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents (mEPSCs) was performed. In more than half the orexin neurons examined, mEPSCs showed heterogeneous time course: some mEPSCs had fast rise and decay (fast mEPSC), while some had longer kinetics, smaller amplitude but larger integrated area (slow mEPSC). Other orexin neurons showed low frequency mEPSCs with uniform, fast kinetics. In the former, distribution histogram of 10-90% rise time displayed two peaks, indicating that fast and slow mEPSCs are distinct subgroups. Occasionally fast and slow EPSCs would summate, suggesting that they arise from different pairs of active zones and postsynaptic receptor clusters. A large majority of mEPSCs were mediated by @entity140 receptors that are sensitive to @entity18713 and DNQX. To determine whether synapses that give rise to fast and slow mEPSCs are differentially modulated, the D1- and D2-like agonists were tested on various parameters of mEPSCs. The agonists altered the frequency as previously reported, but had no effect on the rise, decay or area of mEPSC, suggesting that @entity935 affects fast and slow mEPSCs equally. Given the potential physiological impact of EPSC time course on synaptic integration, our study raises an interesting possibility that distinct subset of excitatory synaptic inputs are processed differently by orexin neurons.

title: XXXX receptor-mediated miniature EPSCs have heterogeneous time courses in orexin neurons.

entities_list: @entity2227 :: ('CHEBI:29987', 'Chemical') :: ['Glutamate']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

answer: @entity140 :: (MESH:D018350,Chemical) :: ['AMPA']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity190 during @entity572 can be substantial and may lead to adverse @entity1 outcomes and increased health-care costs. Many blood-management options are available for these procedures. The purpose of the present study was to test the hemostatic efficacy of a @entity162 used during @entity572 in order to determine whether its use results in significantly lower transfusion requirements and/or improved clinical, functional, and health-related quality-of-life outcomes in healthy @entity1 . METHODS: This prospective, single-center, randomized, double-blinded study was designed to enroll a total of 140 @entity1 . @entity1 with a low preoperative hemoglobin level or a history of @entity548 and other medical conditions were excluded. @entity1 were randomized to either the treatment arm (radiofrequency energy with use of the Aquamantys 6.0 @entity162 ) or control arm (standard Bovie electrocautery). The primary outcome measure was the transfusion requirement, and the secondary outcome measures were intraoperative estimated @entity190 , postoperative hemoglobin levels, perioperative narcotic usage, length of hospital stay, postoperative @entity158 scores, and postoperative function as measured with the Harris hip score and the Short Form-12 quality-of-life score. RESULTS: Seventy-one @entity1 were assigned to the treatment arm, and sixty-nine were assigned to the control arm. The mean number of units of blood transfused for all @entity1 in the study and control arms were 0.38 and 0.44, respectively (p = 0.72). The transfusion requirements were similar in the two groups, with fifteen of seventy-one @entity1 in the treatment arm and fourteen of sixty-nine @entity1 in the control arm requiring a transfusion (p = 0.9). No significant differences were detected between the groups in terms of estimated @entity190 , postoperative hemoglobin levels, perioperative narcotic usage, length of hospital stay, postoperative @entity158 scores, Harris hip scores, or Short Form-12 scores. CONCLUSIONS: In this @entity1 population, there were no significant differences between the treatment and control groups in terms of the need for blood transfusions or overall @entity190 . Given these findings, we have discontinued the use of this @entity162 device in uncomplicated primary @entity572 @entity1 at our institution. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions to Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.

title: Prospective randomized evaluation of the need for blood transfusion during primary @entity572 with use of a XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['bipolar sealer', 'bipolar sealing']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss', 'Blood loss']

entities_list: @entity572 :: ('MESH:D006617', 'Disease') :: ['total hip arthroplasty']

answer: @entity162 :: (MESH:D001714,Disease) :: ['bipolar sealer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity4351 (PCL) nanoparticles (NPs) offer many possibilities for drug transport because of their good physicochemical properties and biocompatibility. @entity632 -loaded PCL NPs have been synthesized to try to reduce the @entity137 of @entity632 ( @entity3105 ) for healthy tissues and enhance its antitumor effect in two @entity5 models, @entity0 , which have a high incidence in the global population. PCL NPs were synthesized using a modified nanoprecipitation solvent evaporation method. The in vitro @entity137 of PCL NPs was evaluated in @entity0 cell lines from both @entity1 and @entity19 , as was the inhibition of cell proliferation and cell uptake of @entity3105 -loaded PCL NPs compared to free @entity3105 . @entity0 xenografts were used to study the in vivo antitumor effect of @entity3105 -loaded NPs. Moreover, healthy @entity19 were used for in vivo @entity137 studies including @entity353 , @entity1503 and tissue damage. The results showed good biocompatibility of PCL NPs in vitro, as well as a significant increase in the @entity137 and cell uptake of the drug-loaded in PCL NPs, which induced almost a 98% decrease of the IC50 (E0771 @entity0 cells). Likewise, @entity3105 -loaded PCL NPs led to a greater reduction in @entity5 volume (   36%) in studies with C57BL/6 @entity19 compared to free @entity3105 in both lung and @entity0 xenograft models. Nevertheless, no differences were found in terms of @entity19 weight. Only in the @entity2 model were significant differences in @entity19 survival observed. In addition, @entity3105 -loaded PCL NPs were able to reduce @entity296 in @entity19 compared to free @entity3105 . Our results showed that @entity3105 -loaded PCL NPs were biocompatible, enhanced the antitumor effect of @entity3105 and reduced its @entity137 , suggesting that they may have an important potential application in lung and @entity0 treatments.

title: Improved antitumor activity and reduced @entity137 of XXXX encapsulated in @entity4351 nanoparticles in lung and @entity0 treatment: An in vitro and in vivo study.

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin', 'Doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial and blood toxicity']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast and lung cancer', 'breast cancer', 'Breast and lung cancer', 'breast tumor']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['blood toxicity']

entities_list: @entity4351 :: ('CHEBI:60736', 'Chemical') :: ['Poly(  -caprolactone)']

answer: @entity632 :: (MESH:D004317,Chemical) :: ['doxorubicin']


abstract: The vast majority of @entity1 with @entity263 present with bone @entity3 and high @entity1486 ( @entity1486 ) level. Rarely, @entity263 can develop in @entity1 with normal @entity1486 level. Here, we report a @entity1 who presented with a periureteral @entity5 of unknown primary site that was confirmed as @entity263 after three years with using specific immunohistochemical examination. A 64-year old @entity1 was admitted to our hospital with @entity812 associated with masses on the left pelvic cavity with left @entity3041 . All @entity5 markers including CEA, CA19-9, and @entity1486 were within the normal range. After an exploratory mass excision and left nephrectomy, the pelvic mass was diagnosed as poorly differentiated @entity189 without specific positive immunohistochemical markers. At that time, we treated him as having a @entity5 of unknown primary site. After approximately three years later, he revisited the hospital with a complaint of right shoulder @entity158 . A right scapular mass was newly detected with a high serum @entity1486 level (101.7 ng/ml). Tissues from the scapular mass and prostate revealed @entity263 with positive immunoreactivity for @entity12877 , a new @entity263 -specific gene. The histological findings were the same as the previous pelvic mass; however, positive staining for @entity1486 was observed only in the prostate mass. This case demonstrates a @entity1 with @entity263 and negative serological test and tissue staining that turned out to be positive during progression. We suggest the usefulness of newly developed immunohistochemical markers such as @entity12877 to determine the specific primary site of metastatic poorly differentiated @entity420 in @entity1 .

title: @entity5 of unknown primary finally revealed to be a XXXX : a case report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'man', 'men']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate adenocarcinoma', 'metastatic prostate cancer', 'prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity812 :: ('MESH:D021501', 'Disease') :: ['left flank pain']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3041 :: ('MESH:D006869', 'Disease') :: ['hydronephrosis']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1486 :: ('354', 'Gene') :: ['PSA', 'prostate specific antigen']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['metastatic prostate cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 734 Background/Methods: We have conducted a monocentric phase I/II trial to define maximum tolerated dose, safety and efficacy of five cycles GE administered every two weeks (q2wks) followed by four cycles @entity4420 q2wks as PST in early @entity0 . Pegylated filgrastim was given prophylactically. RESULTS: From 7/03 to 11/03 thirty one pts with biopsy proven primary invasive @entity0 T2-4 N0-2 M0 have been enrolled. @entity1 and @entity5 characteristics were [median(range)]: age 47 years (29-64); sonographically assessed @entity5 size: 4,0 cm (2,1 to >10); N0/N+/not available (na): 16/7/8 pts; grading 1/2/3/na: 1/8/12/10 pts; hormone receptor positive/negative/na: 15/7/9 pts; @entity1722 (Dako(   )) <= 2+/3+/na: 15/7/9 pts. Pts were treated with G at 1250 mg/m(2) in combination with escalating dose levels of E at 90 mg/m(2) (n=14) and 100 mg/m(2) (n=17), respectively. Only two dose limiting @entity137 occured after GE (one grade 3 fatigue at dose level 1, one @entity1398 at dose level 2). Median relative dose intensity amounted to 100%. Considering 97 evaluable cycles of GE the only grade 3/4 hematological @entity137 was @entity1431 which occured in 1%/1% of cycles. Besides alopecia most severe @entity1503 were grade 3 fatigue in 3% and grade 3 @entity3136 in 2% of cycles. Among 13 pts evaluable so far for clinical response 7 pts (54%) achieved at least a partial remission after GE as assessed by ultrasound. During the following treatment with @entity4420 100 mg/m(2) q2wks any of the first ten pts required dose reduction after the first or second cycle due to grade 3 fatigue (9 pts) and/or grade 3 @entity137 (4 pts). Therefore, escalation of @entity1259 dose was stopped and @entity4420 dose was reduced to 80 mg/m(2). CONCLUSIONS: As no further dose reductions were necessary among the following pts so far the recommended schedule for the phase II part of the study was fixed at five cycles GE 1250/100 mg/m(2) q2wks followed by four cycles @entity4420 80 mg/m(2) q2wks. The trial is ongoing and updated results on @entity137 and response will be presented. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: Dose dense gemcitabine/ XXXX (GE) followed sequentially by dose dense docetaxel ( @entity4420 ) as primary systemic therapy (PST) of @entity1 (pts) with early @entity0 ( @entity0 ): First results of a phase I/II trial.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'skin toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity3136 :: ('MESH:D013280', 'Disease') :: ['stomatitis']

entities_list: @entity1259 :: ('MESH:D015251', 'Chemical') :: ['epirubicin']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['non-hematological toxicities']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['febrile neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity1431 :: ('MESH:D007970', 'Disease') :: ['leukopenia']

answer: @entity1259 :: (MESH:D015251,Chemical) :: ['epirubicin']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity957 ( @entity957 ) of the external auditory canal (EAC) is often treated with a combination of surgery and radiotherapy ( @entity1161 ) to optimize the chance of achieving locoregional control. This retrospective review describes a 27-year experience of treating these @entity5 at the University of Florida. METHODS: Thirty @entity1 with histologically confirmed @entity957 of the EAC received external-beam @entity1161 ( @entity1161 ) alone or combined with surgical resection between 1976 and 2003. Seven @entity1 were treated with @entity1161 alone, 22 with @entity86 , and 1with preoperative @entity1161 . @entity1 were grouped according to nodal status (N0/N1) and the Stell staging system for @entity5 of the EAC and middle ear. Early stage was defined as @entity6493 (n = 12) and advanced stage as T3 (n = 18). Median follow-up was 2 years (range, 0.1-19.4 years) with no @entity1 lost to follow-up. RESULTS: The 5-year actuarial probabilities for local control, locoregional control, and cause-specific survival for @entity1 with early stage ( @entity6493 ) versus advanced-stage (T3) @entity5 were 74% and 55% (P = 0.27), 63% and 38% (P = 0.16), and 70% and 41% (P = 0.04), respectively. The regional control rate was 83% (P = 0.6). There were 12 local recurrences and 4 neck recurrences as the first site of failure. One failure was successfully salvaged with surgery. Five of 23 (21%) @entity1 undergoing surgery had significant complications (grade 3 or 4), whereas 2 of 30 (7%) @entity1 receiving @entity1161 experienced grade 3 complications. CONCLUSION: @entity1 with early stage disease achieved better local control, locoregional control, and cause-specific survival than those with advanced @entity5 . Less than half of the @entity1 (13 of 30; 43%) were cured without significant complications, suggesting a suboptimal therapeutic ratio, using current treatment methods.

title: XXXX of the external auditory canal: long-term clinical outcomes using surgery and external-beam radiotherapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['SCCA', 'Squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative RT']

answer: @entity957 :: (MESH:D002294,Disease) :: ['Squamous cell carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Both adductor canal block (ACB) and periarticular @entity2617 (PI) have been shown to reduce @entity158 after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) without the motor blockade. However, the efficacy and safety of combined ACB with PI (ACB+PI) as compared to PI alone for analgesia after TKA remains controversial. We therefore performed a meta-analysis to compare the effects of ACB+PI with PI alone on @entity158 controll after TKA. METHODS: PubMed, Medline, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library were searched to identify studies comparing ACB+PI with PI alone for TKA @entity1 . The primary outcomes included @entity158 score with rest or activity and @entity1286 consumption. Secondary outcomes were distance walked, length of hospital stay, and @entity260 . Relevant data were analyzed using RevMan v5.3. RESULTS: Three studies involving 337 @entity1 were included. Combined ACB with PI was associated with longer distances walked than PI alone (MD=7.27, 95% CI: 0.43-14.12, P=0.04) on postoperative day 1. The outcomes of @entity158 , @entity1286 consumption, length of hospital stay, and @entity260 were not statistically different between the 2 groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: Our meta-analysis suggests that combined ACB with PI may achieve earlier ambulation for @entity1 after TKA without a reduction in analgesia when compared to PI alone in the early postoperative period. There were no significant differences in @entity1286 consumption, length of hospital stay, and @entity260 between the 2 groups. However, owing to the variation of included studies, no firm conclusions can be drawn.

title: Combined adductor canal block with periarticular XXXX versus periarticular @entity2617 for analgesia after total knee arthroplasty.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2617 :: ('MESH:D017254', 'Disease') :: ['infiltration']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine']

answer: @entity2617 :: (MESH:D017254,Disease) :: ['infiltration']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The objectives of the present study were to classify 47 prefectures into clusters using mortality and disability data concerning elderly @entity1 in Japan, and to identify regional characteristics of each group using community healthcare welfare indicators. METHODS: @entity717 ( @entity717 ) was computed using determined utilities and prevalence of long-term care insurance. Prefectures were classified by hierarchical cluster analysis of life expectancy at age 65 years and age-adjusted @entity717 at the ages of 65-89 years, and discrimination of community healthcare welfare among clusters was examined using ANOVA and the Games-Howell pairwise comparison test. The characteristics of each group were then compared by means of differences among identified clusters. RESULTS: Four clusters were identified: a long life expectancy low disability group, a long life expectancy high disability group, a short life expectancy low disability group, and a short life expectancy high disability group. For @entity1 , health expenditures for the elderly, long-term care insurance benefits and the number of doctors were significantly higher in the long life expectancy high disability group than in the short life expectancy low disability group (in order of indicators: P<0.01, P<0.05, P<0.01). Age-adjusted mortality rates from @entity299 and @entity64 in @entity1 were significantly lower in the long life expectancy high disability group than in the short life expectancy low disability group (in order of indicators: P<0.01, P<0.001). For @entity1 , health expenditures for the elderly and long-term care insurance benefits were significantly higher in the long life high disability group than in the short life expectancy low disability group (both indicators: P<0.05). @entity5 and @entity299 mortality in @entity1 were significantly lower in the long life expectancy low disability group than in the short life expectancy high disability group (in order of indicators: P<0.05, P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Classification of prefectures in groups with similar regional characteristics, comparison among regions, and identification of group characteristics are useful for objective assessment of the present state of the regions, establishing policy goals, and objectively evaluating policy effectiveness.

title: [Two-dimensional classification of prefectures by life expectancy and @entity717 prevalence ( XXXX ) with a comparison of regional characteristics].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'people', 'men']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cancer']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart disease']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['Weighted disability prevalence', 'WDP']

answer: @entity717 :: (MESH:D009069,Disease) :: ['WDP']


abstract: In this article we describe the expansion of in vitro osteogenic capability of @entity1 osteoblasts ( @entity5187 cells) after sorting by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) with the osteoblastic marker of @entity1 bone alkaline phosphatase (AP) monoclonal antibody. After culturing for 7 days, the @entity5187 cells were incubated with @entity2822 ( @entity2823 )-labeled AP monoclonal antibody. The antibody recognized the cells with high AP activity (high AP cells), which were about 76% of the total cells. After the @entity5187 cells were sorted, the high AP cells could be recovered, and almost all of them reacted strongly with the AP antibody. Therefore, we were able to condense the high AP cells about 1.3 times. We further cultured the sorted cells as well as the unsorted control cells. After the initial seeding, the culturing periods for both groups of cells were 20 days. At the end of this period, we measured AP activity per DNA and osteocalcin contents. In contrast to the low condensation ratio of the high AP cells in the sorted fraction, the AP activity and osteocalcin contents were about nine times and four times greater than those of the unsorted cells, respectively. These results demonstrated that using the sorting technique to isolate the high AP cells might be a useful method for applications in bone tissue engineering.

title: Enhancement of in vitro osteoblastic potential after selective sorting of osteoblasts with high alkaline phosphatase activity from XXXX osteoblast-like cells.

entities_list: @entity2822 :: ('CHEBI:37926', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorescein isothiocyanate']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: South Africa, like the rest of Southern Africa, is ravaged by @entity791 . Higher education in South Africa has a significant role to play in the fight against the spread of @entity645 and @entity791 . This article reports the factors contributing to the spread of @entity645 and @entity791 in three selected public universities in South Africa. To achieve the stated aim, the study answered the following research question: What are the factors contributing to the spread of @entity645 and @entity791 in South African public universities? The problem in this study stems from South Africa's @entity645 and @entity791 rate, one of the highest in the world, especially in KwaZulu-Natal. A qualitative approach was adopted by conducting focus group interviews with the students. The data were analysed using axial coding and open coding, where dominant themes from the discussions were identified and discussed in detail. The findings show that barriers to @entity645 and @entity791 prevention, care and treatment exist in the tertiary institutions under study. Social and economic interventions are needed to stem the spread of @entity645 and @entity791 at tertiary institutions. A range of recommendations for halting the spread of @entity645 and @entity791 in these institutions is provided.

title: Obstacles to XXXX prevention, treatment and care in selected public universities in South Africa.

entities_list: @entity791 :: ('MESH:D000163', 'Disease') :: ['AIDS infection', 'AIDS']

answer: @entity645 :: (57667,Species) :: ['HIV']


abstract: BACKGROUND: CorMatrix is a decellularized porcine small intestinal submucosa extracellular matrix that has gained attention as a promising alternative to current materials used in cardiac repair. While animal models demonstrate integration of CorMatrix material with host tissue, the histologic characteristics of CorMatrix used in @entity1 are less well-characterized. In this retrospective study, we report our experience with CorMatrix material used in @entity4806 congenital heart surgery and describe the histology of CorMatrix material and of surrounding native tissue in explanted specimens. METHODS: Records were reviewed of all @entity4806 @entity1 implanted with CorMatrix from a single institution (2011-2014). Histologic examinations were performed on CorMatrix and other tissues removed. Explanted samples of CorMatrix and adherent tissues were evaluated for @entity32 (acute and chronic), @entity82 , @entity39 , degenerative changes, eosinophil response, @entity6377 , neovascularization, and calcification of tissues on a semiquantitative basis (0, none; 1, mild; 2, moderate; 3, marked). Presence of degeneration within CorMatrix and @entity39 of surrounding tissue were noted. RESULTS: CorMatrix was utilized in 532 @entity4806 heart reconstruction procedures since 2011. Twelve explanted CorMatrix specimens from 11 @entity4806 @entity1 including 4 valves (2 mitral and 2 aortic) and 8 outflow/septal/conduit patches were identified and evaluated. Six cases (5 @entity1 ) demonstrated clinical evidence of graft failure prior to surgery (n=6, 1%). @entity32 was seen in adjacent native tissue in 11/12 cases and consisted predominantly of a mixed population of lymphocytes, macrophages, and plasma cells. Acute @entity32 was seen in three cases (3/12). @entity82 of the surrounding native tissue was seen in all CorMatrix specimens. Eosinophils were present in 6/12 cases. Calcification in surrounding tissue was present in 3/12 cases. Giant cell reaction in adjacent native tissue was seen in 8/12 cases. @entity2295 was seen in surrounding native tissue in 5/12 cases. Degeneration of CorMatrix material was seen in 9/12 cases. Necrosis of surrounding tissue was also identified in 5/12 cases. CorMatrix was not resorbed and no cases demonstrated any remodeling of CorMatrix material by integration of native mesenchymal cells or myocytes. CONCLUSION: CorMatrix may be associated with a marked inflammatory response, including a @entity6377 and @entity82 of the surrounding native tissue. Degenerative changes of CorMatrix material are also seen in a majority of explanted specimens. No histologic differences were seen between @entity1 with clinical evidence of graft failure versus @entity1 requiring graft removal due to other factors. Additionally, no cases showed evidence of tissue integration or recellularization of patch material. Our overall clinical experience with CorMatrix demonstrates a favorable outcome for @entity4806 @entity1 undergoing cardiac reconstructive surgery. However, there is no histologic evidence that CorMatrix acts as a scaffold for reconstitution of the native @entity65 .

title: Histologic examination of decellularized porcine intestinal submucosa extracellular matrix (CorMatrix) in XXXX congenital heart surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation', 'Chronic inflammation']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis', 'Fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity2295 :: ('MESH:D015861', 'Disease') :: ['Neovascularization']

entities_list: @entity4806 :: ('MESH:D063766', 'Disease') :: ['pediatric']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular structures']

entities_list: @entity6377 :: ('MESH:D005549', 'Disease') :: ['foreign-body giant cell reaction']

answer: @entity4806 :: (MESH:D063766,Disease) :: ['pediatric']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2477 are @entity1462 that are present in 0.4-0.9% of @entity1 , and represent around 5% of all @entity600 . They can be single or multiple, and sporadic or familial. The presence of multiple lesions is more frequent in familial cavernomatosis. Ten to 30% are associated with familial clustering. CASE REPORT: We presented the case of a 43-year-old @entity1 , admitted to the Emergency Department due to unprovoked @entity410 during the wide awake and everyday activities. Neurological examination was with no focal signs. A 32-channel standard digital EEG was without any significant changes of normal baseline activity. After sleep deprivation EEG showed multifocal, bilateral and asymmetric polyspikes and sharpwaves activity. @entity10441 induced generalized @entity302 . MRI scan demonstrated multiple small @entity2477 . Neuropsychological testing demonstrated a delayed @entity2414 . Neurosurgery treatment was not recommended, and the therapy with valproate 1 250 mg/day had an excellent efficacy with no singnificant adverse effects. CONCLUSION: This @entity1 considered as a rare case with multiple cavernomatosis highlights the importance of neuroradiological examination in adult @entity1 with the first @entity302 but with no focal neurological signs.

title: XXXX due to multiple cerebral cavernomatosis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'man', 'people']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['cerebrovascular malformations']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epileptic seizure', 'epileptiform discharges']

entities_list: @entity2477 :: ('MESH:D006392', 'Disease') :: ['cavernous angiomas', 'Cavernous angiomas']

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['memory impairment']

entities_list: @entity1462 :: ('MESH:D054079', 'Disease') :: ['angiographically occult vascular malformations']

entities_list: @entity10441 :: ('MESH:D006985', 'Disease') :: ['Hyperventilation']

answer: @entity302 :: (MESH:D004827,Disease) :: ['Epileptic seizures']


abstract: AIM: This study was designed to determine the efficacy and tolerability of @entity416 , @entity901 and bevacizumab in combination with cetuximab as first-line therapy for advanced @entity14 . @entity1 AND METHODS: @entity1 with previously untreated advanced @entity14 received @entity901 130 mg/m   and bevacizumab 7.5 mg/kg every three weeks, @entity416 850 mg/m   twice daily on days 1-14, and cetuximab at 400 mg/m   load and 250 mg/m   weekly. @entity984 , @entity817 and @entity10412 mutation status from paraffin-embedded @entity5 samples were assessed using real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: Thirty @entity1 were evaluable for safety and efficacy. One @entity1 had a complete response and 12 @entity1 had a partial response, giving an overall response rate of 43% (95% confidence interval (CI) 25%-63%). Fifteen @entity1 had stable disease. The median time to progression was 10.3 months (95% CI, 6.8-16.3 months). The median overall survival was 18.8 months (95% CI, 14.2-23.7 months). Common grade >=  3 non-hematological @entity137 were @entity1910 (37%), @entity16 (27%) and @entity294 (17%). Grade >=  3 hematological @entity137 were uncommon. Mutations in @entity984 , @entity817 and @entity10412 occurred in 34.5%, 10.3% and 10.3% of @entity1 respectively, but did not correlate with treatment outcome. CONCLUSION: The addition of cetuximab to @entity416 , @entity901 and bevacizumab did not improve the three-drug regimen activity compared to published data and was associated with significant @entity137 requiring frequent dose modifications. @entity984 , @entity817 , and @entity10412 mutation status were consistent with published literature, but did not affect outcome in this small study.

title: A phase II study of @entity416 , @entity901 , bevacizumab and cetuximab in the treatment of metastatic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity901 :: ('MESH:C030110', 'Chemical') :: ['oxaliplatin']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity416 :: ('MESH:C110904', 'Chemical') :: ['capecitabine']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['sensory neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: @entity158 from @entity432 ( @entity432 ) is the major cause of hospitalization in @entity1 with @entity3458 ( @entity3458 ). The beneficial therapeutic effects of inhaled @entity842 (NO) on the pathophysiology of @entity3458 have been reported. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted to determine whether NO breathing reduces acute @entity158 in adult @entity1 and to study the safety of inhaled NO. Twenty-three @entity1 experiencing acute @entity432 were enrolled. After randomization but before treatment, five were found to not meet final eligibility criteria. Nine @entity1 were assigned to inhaled NO (80 ppm) and nine to placebo (21% O2). Primary outcome was the mean change in @entity158 scores after 4 hr of inhalation, measured on a 10-cm visual analog scale (VAS). Both groups had similar baseline VAS @entity158 scores but inhaled NO significantly reduced @entity158 scores compared with placebo (P 5 0.02) at the end of NO inhalation. Secondary outcome was parenteral @entity1286 use at baseline, 4, and 6 hr. Parenteral @entity1286 use was lower in the inhaled NO group, but the difference was not statistically significant.Safety assessments included systolic blood pressure measurements,pulse oximetry readings, concentration of delivered @entity7459 , and concentration of @entity3961 (metHb). None of these NO @entity137 was observed.

title: Beneficial effects of @entity842 breathing in adult XXXX with @entity3458 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity7459 :: ('MESH:D009585', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen dioxide']

entities_list: @entity3458 :: ('MESH:D000755', 'Disease') :: ['SCD', 'sickle cell disease']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['Pain', 'pain', 'VOC pain']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['vaso-occlusive crisis', 'VOC']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: During the last two to three decades, a large body of work has revealed the molecular basis of many @entity1 disorders, including @entity2000 . Although belonging to the group of orphan diseases, they affect probably more than two million @entity1 worldwide. Most excitingly, treatment of a particular form of @entity2000 is now possible. A major advantage for treatment is the unique structure and accessibility of the eye and its different components, including the vitreous and retina. Knowledge of the many different @entity2194 affecting retinal structure and function (night and @entity1939 , @entity6391 , cone and cone rod dystrophies, @entity409 , as well as vitreoretinal traits) is critical for future therapeutic development. We have attempted to present a comprehensive picture of these disorders, including biological, clinical, genetic and molecular information. The structural organization of the review leads the reader through non-syndromic and syndromic forms of (i) rod dominated diseases, (ii) cone dominated diseases, (iii) generalized @entity2000 , caused by mutations in more than 165 genes. Clinical variability and genetic heterogeneity have an important impact on genetic testing and counselling of affected families. As phenotypes do not always correlate with the respective genotypes, it is of utmost importance that clinicians, geneticists, counsellors, diagnostic laboratories and basic researchers understand the relationships between phenotypic manifestations and specific genes, as well as mutations and pathophysiologic mechanisms. We discuss future perspectives.

title: The molecular basis of XXXX retinal and vitreoretinal diseases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'people']

entities_list: @entity2194 :: ('MESH:D005128', 'Disease') :: ['eye diseases']

entities_list: @entity2000 :: ('MESH:D012162', 'Disease') :: ['retinal degenerations and (iv) vitreoretinal disorders', 'retinal and vitreoretinal degenerations and dysfunctions', 'congenital retinal degeneration']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['photoreceptor dysfunctions']

entities_list: @entity6391 :: ('MESH:D012174', 'Disease') :: ['retinitis pigmentosa']

entities_list: @entity1939 :: ('MESH:D001766', 'Disease') :: ['colour blindness']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']