abstract: The Adams desaturated D-15 was designed to be administered to @entity1 with acquired colour vision defects by simply reducing the chroma of the Munsell colours by 2 for each cap in the test. In this study, the performance of the Adams desat D-15 in the assessment of @entity3641 is evaluated. The standard D-15 and Adams desat D-15 tests were administered to 75 congenital red-green colour deficient subjects who had been diagnosed on the basis of their performance on the Nagel anomaloscope @entity7133 . The results were analysed in terms of the directions, extent and specificity of errors and compared with the diagnosis on the Nagel anomaloscope. Of the 13 @entity942 subjects who made no errors on the standard D-15, 1 failed the Adams desat @entity25800 made single crossings. No @entity942 subject who failed the standard D-15 made anything less than a simple inversion of adjacent caps on the Adams desat D-15. The Adams desat D-15 did not perform as well as the standard D-15 in identification of the type of defect in dichromats. On the basis of these data, it is predicted that about 5% of dichromats will be mis-classified by the Adams desat D-15 whilst under 0.1% will be mis-classified by the standard D-15. However, with the anomalous trichomats, more crossings were made on the Adams desat D-15, particularly by the milder anomals, and a diagnosis was possible in more cases. Where a diagnosis was possible, it was also correct more often with the Adams desat D-15.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Comparison of the standard and Adams desaturated D-15 tests with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3641 :: ('MESH:D003117', 'Disease') :: ['congenital colour vision deficiencies']

entities_list: @entity942 :: ('MESH:D003677', 'Disease') :: ['colour-deficient']

answer: @entity3641 :: (MESH:D003117,Disease) :: ['congenital colour vision deficiencies']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity23570 is an @entity140 receptor antagonist recently approved for the treatment of partial and @entity6191 with @entity410 as an add-on therapy. METHODS: This single-center postmarketing study retrospectively evaluated the efficacy of @entity23570 in @entity1 with partial onset and other @entity410 types, with a special emphasis on its efficacy, safety, and tolerability. RESULTS: Review of medical records revealed that adequate data were available on 101 @entity1 taking @entity23570 . Fifty-seven @entity1 were female. Sixteen @entity1 were of pediatric age range. The average dose of @entity23570 was 6.5mg, and average treatment duration was 8.2months. After treatment, median @entity410 frequency reduction was 50% overall, 50% in @entity1 , and 33% in adults; 44% in primary generalized, 38% in secondarily generalized, and 33% in partial @entity410 . Responder rate (50% @entity410 frequency reduction) was 51% overall, 63% in @entity1 , and 49% in adults; 60% in partial @entity410 , 43% in secondarily generalized @entity410 , 53% in primary generalized @entity410 , and 56% in other @entity410 types. @entity410 freedom was attained in 6% of cases. Most common adverse events were @entity25 / @entity1295 (35%), @entity146 (30%), and @entity1296 (22%). Adverse events were correlated with dosage. Average dose was 7.3mg in @entity1 with adverse events vs. 5.5mg in those without adverse events. @entity1 who developed @entity1295 , @entity73 , @entity10 , and @entity1017 were more likely to discontinue @entity23570 than those @entity1 who experienced coordination issues and @entity146 . CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that @entity23570 is safe, well-tolerated, and effective in treatment of various types of adult and @entity302 . Fatigue, @entity73 , @entity10 and @entity1017 were the main causes of @entity23570 discontinuation.

title: Safety and efficacy of @entity23570 in @entity1 and adults with XXXX : A single-center postmarketing study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'seizures', 'Seizure', 'tonic-clonic seizures']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['sleepiness']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['behavioral problems']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive decline']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['weight gain']

entities_list: @entity6191 :: ('MESH:D004829', 'Disease') :: ['generalized epilepsies']

entities_list: @entity1296 :: ('MESH:D004244', 'Disease') :: ['dizziness']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['pediatric epilepsy syndromes']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headaches', 'headache']

entities_list: @entity23570 :: ('MESH:C551441', 'Chemical') :: ['Perampanel', 'perampanel']

answer: @entity302 :: (MESH:D004827,Disease) :: ['various epilepsy syndromes']


abstract: PURPOSE: To study the value of conjunctival biopsy in @entity5115 diagnosis. DESIGN: Case-comparative study. METHODS: Between January 2000 and June 2007, all @entity1 seeking treatment with an early onset of intractable @entity294 were examined in the ophthalmology department of Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique-H  pitaux de Paris, France. @entity1 underwent complete ophthalmologic examination with concurrent conjunctival and intestinal biopsies. Main outcome measures were age at diagnosis, associated disorders, parenteral nutrition, and ophthalmologic symptoms. Conjunctival biopsies support diagnosis in the presence of specific alteration. RESULTS: Twenty @entity1 were included. The mean age of the population was 30.2 months. @entity5115 was diagnosed in 15 cases. In the @entity5115 group, 10 @entity1 exhibited ophthalmic functional disorders since the first months of life, with @entity1036 and @entity2024 and in addition @entity20718 and @entity231 in 1 case, respectively, whereas 5 @entity1 had asymptomatic @entity3169 at presentation. Conjunctival biopsies showed @entity8286 , @entity1373 , @entity1491 , and tufts. In some cases, the lamina propria contained inflammatory cells or @entity82 , and the density of goblet cells then was abnormal. In the comparison group of 5 @entity1 with early-onset intractable @entity294 but without @entity5115 diagnosis, no tuft occurrence was observed. CONCLUSIONS: In cases of intractable @entity294 in infancy, even without ocular symptoms, a systematic ophthalmologic examination should be performed. It also should be associated with the pathologic examination of both the conjunctival and the intestine mucosae, which helps to diagnose @entity5115 (adhesion molecules disease). Specific conjunctival findings allow affirmation of @entity5115 before the genetic confirmation of an @entity5960 gene mutation.

title: @entity1036 and XXXX associated with @entity5115 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity5115 :: ('MESH:C567703', 'Disease') :: ['congenital tufting enteropathy', 'Congenital tufting enteropathy']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

entities_list: @entity1036 :: ('MESH:D007634', 'Disease') :: ['superficial punctate keratitis']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity8286 :: ('MESH:D010241', 'Disease') :: ['epithelial parakeratosis']

entities_list: @entity1373 :: ('MESH:D006965', 'Disease') :: ['hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity2024 :: ('MESH:D003231', 'Disease') :: ['conjunctivitis']

entities_list: @entity3169 :: ('MESH:D003229', 'Disease') :: ['conjunctival hyperemia']

entities_list: @entity1491 :: ('MESH:D002280', 'Disease') :: ['basal cells hyperplasia']

answer: @entity3169 :: (MESH:D003229,Disease) :: ['conjunctival erosions']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity209 ( @entity209 ) is associated with @entity73 . @entity6667 ( @entity6667 ) plays a key role in angiogenesis through binding to its specific receptor, @entity12186 ( @entity12186 ), whereas the expression of @entity6667 and @entity12186 in the myocardium of insulin-resistant @entity35 is down-regulated. Soluble @entity6667 receptor-1 (sVEGFR-1) and -2 (sVEGFR-2) have been reported to inhibit angiogenesis both in vitro and in vivo. However, the balance between circulating levels of @entity6667 and its soluble receptors, which may reflect and/or affect cardiovascular @entity6667 signaling, in subjects with @entity209 is unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS: We carried out a cross-sectional study including 272 consecutive, apparently healthy subjects who were not receiving any drugs. Plasma levels of @entity6667 and serum levels of its soluble receptors were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. @entity6667 and sVEGFR-1 levels did not differ between subjects with and those without @entity209 . However, sVEGFR-2 levels were significantly increased in @entity209 compared with non- @entity209 subjects. Stepwise regression analysis revealed that HOMA-IR was the strongest independent determinant of the sVEGFR-2 level. Accordingly, the mean sVEGFR-2 levels increased in proportion to both the accumulation of components of @entity209 and quartile of HOMA-IR. Interestingly, multiple regression analyses revealed that independent determinants of @entity6667 were the body mass index and blood pressure, whereas, in contrast, those of sVEGFR-2 were HOMA-IR and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. CONCLUSIONS: The correlation of sVEGFR-2 with insulin resistance supports the need for further investigations to define the clinical utility and predictive value of serum sVEGFR-2 levels in @entity65 in @entity209 .

title: Soluble XXXX is increased in sera of subjects with @entity209 in association with insulin resistance.

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['impaired angiogenesis']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['Metabolic syndrome', 'MetS']

entities_list: @entity6667 :: ('83785(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['Vascular endothelial growth factor', 'VEGF']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular dysfunction']

answer: @entity12186 :: (25589(Tax:10116),Gene) :: ['VEGF receptor-2']


abstract: PURPOSE: Despite a documented prevalence of @entity64 in almost 40% of @entity64 ( @entity64 ) survivors, the onset of @entity64 after @entity131 ( @entity131 ) remains poorly understood. There is currently a body of knowledge about @entity1005 ( @entity1005 ) in @entity1 with @entity131 , but less is known about @entity64 following @entity131 , particularly in cases of mild @entity131 (mTBI). @entity64 can impede safe return to driving or motor vehicle travel, inhibiting return to daily functioning. In addition, @entity158 complaints have been found to correlate positively with @entity148 . METHOD: The present study sought to determine the reliability and validity of the Accident Fear Questionnaire (AFQ), a measure used to assess @entity64 , in 72 @entity1 with mTBI using secondary data analysis and the subsequent development of @entity64 postinjury. Furthermore, we sought to examine the impact of @entity158 , @entity148 , and @entity308 complaints on the AFQ. RESULTS: Results reveal convergent validity and reliability in mTBI populations. Additionally, @entity158 , @entity148 , and @entity308 measures were significantly correlated with scores on the AFQ. CONCLUSIONS: Psychometrically, the @entity913 avoidance subscale of the AFQ is a reliable measure for use with mTBI populations, although some limitations were found. In particular, the accident profile (AP) subscale was not found to be reliable or valid and could be eliminated from the AFQ. Collectively, the present study contributes to the small body of published literature evaluating @entity64 in @entity1 with mTBI and the impact of @entity158 on the development of @entity148 . (PsycINFO Database Record

title: Assessing Accident @entity913 in Mild XXXX : The Accident Fear Questionnaire.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['TBI', 'traumatic brain injury']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['accident phobia', 'motor vehicle accident', 'MVA', 'Accident phobia']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity1005 :: ('MESH:D013313', 'Disease') :: ['posttraumatic stress disorder', 'PTSD']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['postinjury anxiety disorders', 'anxiety']

answer: @entity131 :: (MESH:D001930,Disease) :: ['Traumatic Brain Injury']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity10549 ( @entity10549 ) signaling plays an important role during embryonic induction and patterning, as well as in modulating proliferative and @entity1184 growth in fetal and adult organs. Hemodynamically induced stretching is a powerful physiological stimulus for embryonic myocyte proliferation. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of @entity9950 signaling on growth and vascularization of @entity1573 embryonic ventricular wall and its involvement in transmission of mechanical stretch-induced signaling to myocyte growth in vivo. Myocyte proliferation was significantly higher at the 48 h sampling interval in pressure-overloaded hearts. Neither Western blotting, nor immunohistochemistry performed on serial paraffin sections revealed any changes in the amount of myocardial @entity9950 at that time point. ELISA showed a significant increase of @entity9950 in the serum. Increased amount of @entity9950 mRNA in the heart was confirmed by real time PCR. Blocking of @entity10549 signaling by @entity7795 led to decreased myocyte proliferation, @entity548 in the areas of developing vasculature in epicardium and digit tips. @entity9950 synthesis is increased in embryonic ventricular cardiomyocytes in response to increased stretch due to pressure overload. Inhibition of @entity10549 signaling impacts also vasculogenesis, pointing to partial functional redundancy in paracrine control of cell proliferation in the developing heart.

title: Physiological role of XXXX signaling in growth and remodeling of developing cardiovascular system.

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhages']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophic']

entities_list: @entity10549 :: ('395432(Tax:9031)', 'Gene') :: ['FGF', 'Fibroblast growth factor']

answer: @entity10549 :: (395432(Tax:9031),Gene) :: ['FGF']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Reduced @entity1162 shortening despite enhanced global function has been reported in @entity472 . We sought to improve the understanding of this phenomenon using multi-dimensional strain analysis in conjunction with the evaluation of left @entity717 and twist - ventricular torsion - using tissue Doppler techniques. METHODS: A total of 57 @entity1 with variable severity of @entity472 , @entity337 , or mixed @entity886 , subdivided into six groups, were studied. Ventricular morphology was assessed using @entity1162 /short-axis and mass/volume ratios, afterload using end-systolic meridional wall stress, and global performance using ejection fraction. The circumferential and @entity6475 was measured from two-dimensional images, and left @entity717 and twist were estimated as the difference in rotation between the base and apex of the ventricle. RESULTS: @entity472 was associated with higher mass/volume, ejection fraction, circumferential strain and left @entity717 and twist, significantly lower end-systolic wall stress, and a trend towards lower @entity6475 compared with normal. Myocardial mechanics in @entity337 were normal despite ventricular dilation. Mixed @entity886 showed findings similar to @entity472 . @entity1002 and twist correlated with midwall circumferential strain (r = 0.62 and p < 0.0001), endocardial circumferential strain (r = 0.61 and p < 0.0001), and end-systolic wall stress (r = 0.48 and p < 0.0001), but not with @entity6475 (r = 0.18 and p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Myocardial mechanics are normal in @entity1 with @entity337 , @entity854 in cardiac geometry. Conversely, in @entity472 and mixed @entity886 , significant alterations in the patterns of fibre shortening are found. The effects of @entity850 on cardiac function seem to dominate the effect of ventricular remodelling.

title: Ventricular mechanics in @entity1 with XXXX : longitudinal, radial, and circumferential components.

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular rotation']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

entities_list: @entity886 :: ('MESH:C563178', 'Disease') :: ['aortic valve disease']

entities_list: @entity6475 :: ('MESH:D013180', 'Disease') :: ['longitudinal strain']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['independent of abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity337 :: ('MESH:D001022', 'Disease') :: ['aortic regurgitation']

entities_list: @entity472 :: ('MESH:D001024', 'Disease') :: ['Aortic stenosis', 'aortic stenosis']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['Left ventricular rotation']

answer: @entity886 :: (MESH:C563178,Disease) :: ['aortic valve disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: @entity1578 after hepatic resection is a lethal complication. Various factors affecting the occurrence of @entity1578 were examined. METHODOLOGY: The subjects were 315 @entity1 who underwent hepatic resection for @entity157 during the 11-year period between 1985 and 1995. Univariate analyses of 14 variables were performed among living and dead @entity1 after hepatic resection. With the significant prognostic variables obtained in the multivariate analysis, the @entity204 ( @entity204 ) was calculated for each @entity1 . RESULTS: There were 291 survivors and 24 @entity1 with post-operative @entity1578 . Among the factors showing statistical or near significance in the univariate analysis, KICG and @entity190 were disclosed to be factors independently correlating with survival. @entity204 was calculated for each @entity1 according to the following equation: @entity204 = 1/ @entity15200 .6766 - 0.0004394 x @entity190 + 16.69 x KICG) + 1. Assessing the goodness-of-fit model by Hosmer-Lemeshow test indicated the model seemed to fit quite well. CONCLUSIONS: Minimizing the @entity190 during hepatic resection is important to avoid post-operative @entity1578 . Careful hemostatic procedure is necessary for @entity1 with unexpected massive @entity190 during hepatic resection so as to prevent @entity548 .

title: XXXX and ICG clearance as best prognostic markers of @entity1578 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['post-operative bleeding']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity1578 :: ('MESH:D017093', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic failure', 'Hepatic failure', 'liver failure']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['PPD', 'predicted probability of death']

answer: @entity190 :: (MESH:D006473,Disease) :: ['Blood loss']


abstract: 1. A wide range of therapeutic strategies has been explored in @entity1 and experimental animals with the aim of improving outcome after brain ischaemia but few have shown convincing clinical benefit. 2. The massive increase in the extracellular concentration of @entity2227 which occurs in @entity1779 is a key component in the sequence of neurochemical events which leads to @entity528 . Pharmacological blockade of the action of @entity2227 at the @entity1024 ( @entity143 ) receptor, (the @entity2227 receptor subtype principally involved in the @entity2359 effects of the @entity535 ) provides a novel therapeutic approach to @entity1779 . 3. The effects of @entity143 receptor antagonists in animal models of focal @entity1779 are uniquely consistent, viz, a marked reduction in the amount of irreversible @entity16 irrespective of the species, the model of @entity1779 , when the animals are sacrificed after the ischaemic episode, whether ischaemia is permanent or temporary and followed by reperfusion and which particular @entity143 antagonist was employed. 4. @entity143 receptor antagonists have marked effects on brain function in normal animals. The balance between these potential adverse effects and the anti-ischaemic efficacy of these drugs will ultimately determine the clinical utility of this class of drugs. 5. The data which are reviewed provide the basis for the current clinical evaluation of @entity143 receptor antagonists in @entity64 and @entity542 .

title: Excitatory XXXX antagonists and their potential for the treatment of ischaemic brain damage in @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity2227 :: ('CHEBI:29987', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamate']

entities_list: @entity1024 :: ('CHEBI:31882', 'Chemical') :: ['N-methyl-D-aspartate']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['ischaemic damage']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['head trauma']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral ischaemia']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['neuronal death']

entities_list: @entity2359 :: ('MESH:D020258', 'Disease') :: ['neurotoxic']

answer: @entity535 :: (CHEBI:33704,Chemical) :: ['amino acid']


abstract: The goal of this study is to evaluate how to predict high-risk nonvariceal @entity360 (NVUGIB) pre-endoscopically. A total of 569 NVUGIB @entity1 between Match 2011 and January 2015 were retrospectively studied. The clinical characteristics and laboratory data were statistically analyzed. The severity of NVUGIB was based on high-risk NVUGIB (Forrest I-IIb), and low-risk NVUGIB (Forrest IIc and III). By logistic regression and receiver-operating characteristic curve, simple risk score systems were derived which predicted @entity1 ' risks of potentially needing endoscopic intervention to control @entity548 . Risk score systems combined of patients' serum hemoglobin (Hb) <= 75g/L, red hematemesis, red stool, shock, and blood urine @entity1568 >= 8.5mmol/L within 24hours after admission were derived. As for each one of these clinical signs, the relatively high specificity was 97.9% for shock, 96.4% for red stool, 85.5% for red hematemesis, 76.7% for Hb <= 75g/L, and the sensitivity was 50.8% for red hematemesis, 47.5% for Hb <= 75g/L, 14.2% for red stool, and 10.9% for shock. When these 5 clinical signs were presented as a risk score system, the highest area of receiver-operating characteristic curve was 0.746, with sensitivity 0.675 and specificity 0.733, which discriminated well with high-risk NVUGIB. These simple risk factors identified @entity1 with high-risk NVUGIB of needing treatment to manage their @entity548 pre-endoscopically. Further validation in the clinic was required.

title: Simple risk factors to predict urgent endoscopy in nonvariceal XXXX pre-endoscopically.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen']

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['upper gastrointestinal bleeding']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

answer: @entity360 :: (MESH:D006471,Disease) :: ['upper gastrointestinal bleeding']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We tested the hypothesis that a higher education level is associated with faster @entity73 and lower survival in a cohort of 670 @entity195 @entity1 , followed for 3.5 years at the Lille-Bailleul memory centre. METHODS: The @entity1 were categorized in 3 groups according to educational levels: low (<or=8 years), intermediate (9-12 years) and high (>12 years). Cognitive function was measured with the @entity1032 ( @entity1032 ) and the Mattis @entity303 ( @entity303 ). Survival was analyzed with a Cox model. Analyses were adjusted for age, sex, cholinesterase inhibitor treatment, @entity6 , @entity101 , visible @entity455 on MRI, baseline @entity303 and @entity1032 . RESULTS: The adjusted mixed random model showed that @entity1032 declined faster for @entity1 with high and intermediate educational levels compared with those with a low educational level (p < 0.0001). The mean annually adjusted @entity303 decline was highest for the groups with the most education (p = 0.05). The mortality risk was not higher in the better-educated groups (high vs. low: RR = 0.84; 95% CI = 0.35-1.99, intermediate vs. low: RR = 0.82; 95% CI = 0.41-1.63). CONCLUSION: In our cohort, highly educated @entity1 had a faster @entity73 than less educated @entity1 but similar mortality rates. Our findings support the cognitive reserve hypothesis.

title: @entity73 and survival in XXXX according to education level.

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['MMSE', 'Mini Mental State Examination']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular lesions']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['DRS', 'Dementia Rating Scale']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive decline']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["Alzheimer's disease"]

answer: @entity195 :: (MESH:D000544,Disease) :: ['Alzheimer's disease']


abstract: We used the HL-60 @entity1 @entity2799 cell line to analyze the surface expression of a family of adherence-related leukocyte surface antigens during myeloid differentiation. These antigens are composed of discrete alpha subunits, designated alpha L, alpha M, and alpha X, that are each noncovalently associated with a common beta subunit. Monoclonal antibodies directed against the individual subunits served as markers in both indirect immunofluorescence studies and immunoprecipitations from HL-60 cells differentiated preferentially towards mature granulocytes ( @entity3733 , @entity1968 ) or monocyte/macrophages ( @entity4515 , @entity3875 ). In undifferentiated HL-60 cells, the alpha L and alpha X subunits were constitutively expressed, whereas the alpha M subunit was not. Differentiation of HL-60 cells along the granulocytic pathway with @entity3733 resulted in a marked increase in alpha M and minimal increases in alpha L and alpha X. The phenotypic expression of these antigens on @entity3733 -treated HL-60 cells closely resembled that on normal circulating PMN. Differentiation along the monocyte/macrophage pathway when using @entity4515 or @entity3875 resulted in major increases in alpha L and alpha X expression, as well as alpha M. These changes resulted in a surface phenotype characteristic of that present on @entity1 monocyte-derived macrophages. Triggering of undifferentiated HL-60 cells with @entity4515 caused no increase in subunit expression, whereas stimulation of @entity3733 -differentiated HL-60 cells with @entity4515 produced more than a 1.5-fold enhancement of both the alpha M and alpha X subunits, and stimulation of @entity1 PMN with @entity4515 increased the surface expression of alpha M more than fourfold and alpha X subunit twofold. Stimulation with @entity4515 produced no change in expression of the alpha L subunit in any of the three cell populations. These results indicate that the alpha subunits of this glycoprotein family can be selectively regulated during in vitro differentiation of a @entity1 @entity2799 cell line. Second, @entity3733 -differentiated HL-60 cells and @entity1 PMN possessed an intracellular pool of alpha M and alpha X, but not alpha L, that could be translocated to the surface. Thus, despite structural and functional relationships among the alpha subunits in this glycoprotein family, they undergo disparate surface expression and intracellular regulation during differentiation.

title: Expression of leukocyte adherence-related glycoproteins during differentiation of HL-60 XXXX cells.

entities_list: @entity2799 :: ('MESH:D015473', 'Disease') :: ['promyelocytic leukemia']

entities_list: @entity1968 :: ('MESH:D014212', 'Chemical') :: ['retinoic acid']

answer: @entity2799 :: (MESH:D015473,Disease) :: ['promyelocytic leukemia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Complete esophageal stricture is a difficult problem to manage. There is limited literature to support clinical decision-making. To evaluate outcomes and efficacy, we performed a retrospective medical chart review of @entity1 who received combined anterograde retrograde esophageal dilation (CARD) between 2002 and 2009 at our institution. METHODS: Fifteen @entity1 were identified who developed a stricture requiring CARD after treatment for @entity135 . Outcomes were pretreatment and posttreatment diet, @entity5274 status, and operative complications. RESULTS: Six of 15 @entity1 were @entity5274 -free at last follow-up and 11 of 15 @entity1 were taking oral nutrition. There were 4 complications. One @entity1 died. Two @entity5274 site complications occurred. One @entity1 sustained a @entity8495 . CONCLUSION: CARD offers benefit to most @entity1 . Despite risks associated with the procedure, CARD should be considered by the clinician and @entity1 in management of complete esophageal stricture.

title: Management of complete esophageal stricture after treatment of XXXX using combined anterograde retrograde esophageal dilation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck cancers']

entities_list: @entity5274 :: ('MESH:D005184', 'Disease') :: ['gastrostomy tube']

entities_list: @entity8495 :: ('MESH:D018677', 'Disease') :: ['dental injury']

answer: @entity135 :: (MESH:D006258,Disease) :: ['head and neck cancer']


abstract: The frequency of menometrorrhagia in adolescence is estimated at 2-5  %. The functional origin is the most common. @entity854 account for 20  % of cases, and they should be sought whenever there is a personal history of known or suggestive of @entity74 ( @entity1415 , @entity548 , @entity86 , @entity2981 , etc.) or there is a family history of @entity74 . Organic origins are rare, but these must be sought when the characteristics of @entity548 point in this direction. The workup aims to investigate the cause and assess the impact of the @entity548 . It may include an NFS, blood group and rhesus  b-HCG, hemostasis evaluation, determination of hemostasis factors, and a pelvic ultrasound. Whatever the cause of menometrorrhagia, the therapeutic options are the same and are oriented by the severity of @entity548 . The treatment is mainly medical and hormonal. The surgical option should be a choice of last resort. We report a case of a 13-year-old @entity1 admitted in @entity548 due to abundant @entity1867 . Her laboratory tests showed an isolated @entity2777 with a 2  % rate. @entity2777 is a rare @entity74 . It can be diagnosed at any age when a @entity548 disorder of varying severity is observed. The diagnosis is based on the hemostasis evaluation with quantitative determination of factor V. Because no FV-specific concentrate is available, fresh frozen plasma remains the mainstay of treatment. Antifibrinolytics can also be beneficial, and platelet transfusions have been successfully used, associated with hormone therapy. These @entity1 may best be managed in cooperation with both a gynecologist and a hematologist.

title: [Menorrhagia due to XXXX in an adolescent].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['girl', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage', 'bleeding', 'hemorrhagic shock', 'gingival bleeding']

entities_list: @entity1415 :: ('MESH:D004844', 'Disease') :: ['epistaxis']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['Hemostasis abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative bleeding']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['hemostasis disorders', 'autosomal recessive coagulation disorder']

entities_list: @entity2777 :: ('MESH:D005166', 'Disease') :: ['deficiency of factor V', 'Congenital factor V deficiency']

entities_list: @entity1867 :: ('MESH:D008796', 'Disease') :: ['metrorrhagia']

answer: @entity2777 :: (MESH:D005166,Disease) :: ['congenital factor V deficiency']


abstract: Knowledge of population processes across various ecological and management settings offers important insights for species conservation and life history. In regard to its ecological role, charisma and threats from @entity1 impacts, African elephants are of high conservation concern and, as a result, are the focus of numerous studies across various contexts. Here, demographic data from an individually based study of 934 African elephants in Samburu, Kenya were summarized, providing detailed inspection of the population processes experienced by the population over a fourteen year period (including the repercussions of recent increases in illegal killing). These data were compared with those from populations inhabiting a spectrum of xeric to mesic ecosystems with variable @entity1 impacts. In relation to variability in climate and @entity1 impacts (causing up to 50% of recorded @entity204 among adults), annual mortality in Samburu fluctuated between 1 and 14% and, unrelatedly, natality between 2 and 14% driving annual population increases and decreases. Survivorship in Samburu was significantly lower than other populations with age-specific data even during periods of low illegal killing by @entity1 , resulting in relatively low life expectancy of males (18.9 years) and females (21.8 years). Fecundity (primiparous age and inter- @entity291 interval) were similar to those reported in other @entity1 impacted or recovering populations, and significantly greater than that of comparable stable populations. This suggests reproductive effort of @entity16870 increases in relation to increased mortality (and resulting ecological ramifications) as predicted by life history theory. Further comparison across populations indicated that elongated inter- @entity291 intervals and older ages of reproductive onset were related to age structure and density, and likely influenced by ecological conditions. This study provides detailed empirical data on @entity7105 population dynamics strongly influenced by @entity1 impacts (laying the foundation for modeling approaches), supporting predictions of evolutionary theory regarding demographic responses to ecological processes.

title: Comparative demography of an at-risk African XXXX population.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human']

entities_list: @entity16870 :: ('9785', 'Species') :: ['African savanna elephants']

answer: @entity7105 :: (9783,Species) :: ['elephant']


abstract: @entity18930 is caused by a deficiency of glycogen debranching-enzyme activity. Many @entity1 with this disease have both liver and muscle involvement, whereas others have only liver involvement without clinical or laboratory evidence of @entity121 . To improve our understanding of the molecular basis of the disease, debranching enzyme was purified 238-fold from porcine skeletal muscle. In @entity3208 - @entity2975 gel electrophoresis the purified enzyme gave a single band with a relative molecular weight of 160,000 that migrated to the same position as purified @entity95 -muscle debranching enzyme. Antiserum against porcine debranching enzyme was prepared in rabbit. The antiserum reacted against porcine debranching enzyme with a single precipitin line and demonstrated a reaction having complete identity to those of both the enzyme present in crude muscle and the enzyme present in liver extracts. Incubation of antiserum with purified porcine debranching enzyme inhibited almost all enzyme activity, whereas such treatment with preimmune serum had little effect. The antiserum also inhibited debranching-enzyme activity in crude liver extracts from both @entity1707 and @entity1 to the same extent as was observed in muscle. Immunoblot analysis probed with anti-porcine-muscle debranching-enzyme antiserum showed that the antiserum can detect debranching enzyme in both @entity1 muscle and @entity1 liver. The bands detected in @entity1 samples by the antiserum were the same size as the one detected in porcine muscle. Five @entity1 with Type III and six @entity1 with other types of @entity6182 were subjected to immunoblot analysis. Although anti-porcine antiserum detected specific bands in all liver and muscle samples from @entity1 with other types of @entity6182 (Types I, II, and IX), the antiserum detected no cross-reactive material in any of the liver or muscle samples from @entity1 with @entity18930 . These data indicate (1) immunochemical similarity of debranching enzyme in liver and muscle and (2) that @entity2246 activity in @entity18930 is due to absence of debrancher protein in the @entity1 that we studied.

title: Glycogen debranching enzyme: purification, antibody characterization, and immunoblot analyses of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity6182 :: ('MESH:D006008', 'Disease') :: ['glycogen storage disease']

entities_list: @entity3208 :: ('MESH:D012967', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium dodecyl sulfate']

entities_list: @entity18930 :: ('MESH:D006010', 'Disease') :: ['Type III glycogen storage disease']

entities_list: @entity2975 :: ('CHEBI:51135', 'Chemical') :: ['polyacrylamide']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['myopathy']

entities_list: @entity2246 :: ('MESH:D008661', 'Disease') :: ['deficiency of debranching-enzyme']

answer: @entity18930 :: (MESH:D006010,Disease) :: ['type III glycogen storage disease']


abstract: PURPOSE: A significant number of @entity1 return to optometric practice dissatisfied with their spectacles. An important question is whether any of these cases are preventable. There are several different clinical maxims that are used to modify the subjective refraction when determining the refractive prescription. These maxims aim to improve @entity1 comfort and adaptation and thereby reduce @entity1 dissatisfaction with new spectacles. They are not based on research evidence, but rather on expert opinion gained from clinical experience. The aim of this study was to retrospectively analyze a large number of case records of dissatisfied @entity1 to assess the possible usefulness of the prescribing maxim "if it ain't broke, don't @entity4682 it." METHODS: Three hundred eighteen non-tolerance cases from a university-based Canadian optometric clinic were categorized by a focus group of optometrists. Three prescribing categories were defined and comprised cases in which application of the proposed maxim may have prevented the recheck eye examination; a more limited application of the maxim for one working distance may have been appropriate; and finally scenarios in which the maxim did not work in that the practitioner was judged to have initially followed the maxim, yet @entity1 dissatisfaction was still reported. The remaining unallocated records comprised prescribing situations outside the scope of this study. RESULTS: Approximately 32% of non-tolerance cases were judged to have been preventable by use of the proposed maxim. Furthermore, an additional 10% reduction in recheck cases may have been possible by a more liberal interpretation of the maxim. Conversely, 4% of cases were deemed to comprise scenarios in which the maxim was followed yet the @entity1 returned later to report problems with their spectacles. CONCLUSIONS: The prescribing maxim "if it ain't broke, don't @entity4682 it" appears to have a role in reducing recheck eye examinations and improving @entity1 satisfaction with new spectacles.

title: Evaluation of the clinical maxim: "If it ain't broke, don't XXXX it".

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

answer: @entity4682 :: (2158,Gene) :: ['fix']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity73 is said to be a core feature of @entity161 . Executive function is an important cognitive domain. AIM: This study was undertaken to assess @entity73 among Indian @entity1 with @entity161 ( @entity161 ) or @entity914 ( @entity914 ), compared with their parents and unaffected individuals (controls). SETTINGS AND DESIGN: Executive functions as measured by Trail-making Test (TMT), of @entity1 and their parents were compared with controls. The @entity1 were recruited from the Outpatients' Department (OPD) of a government hospital. MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity1 diagnosed as @entity161 or @entity914 (n=172) and their parents (n=196: families n=132, 119 fathers and 77 mothers) participated. We also included 120 @entity1 with no history of @entity146 . Cognitive function was assessed with the TMT. The Information Score of the Post Graduate Institute Battery of @entity75 test, developed in India for Indian subjects was used as a proxy for general fixed knowledge. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Logistic and linear regression was used to compare @entity73 of cases, parents and controls. RESULTS: Cases and their parents took significantly more time than controls on Part B of the TMT. There were no statistically significant differences between cases and parents on any of the TMT parameters. Using regression analysis, the most significant correlates of all TMT parameters among cases were with occurrence of @entity2167 and current age. CONCLUSION: Cases, as well as their parents showed more @entity73 than controls on the TMT.

title: Executive functions and @entity73 in XXXX : comparisons between probands, parents and controls in India.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity2167 :: ('MESH:D006311', 'Disease') :: ['auditory hallucinations']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric illness']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['Brain Dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment', 'cognitive deficits', 'Cognitive impairment']

entities_list: @entity914 :: ('MESH:D011618', 'Disease') :: ['SzA', 'schizoaffective disorder']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia', 'Sz']

answer: @entity161 :: (MESH:D012559,Disease) :: ['schizophrenia']


abstract: The outcomes of @entity99 ( @entity99 ) have historically been limited by persistent, unresectable disease and the subsequent development of disease resistance and dissemination. We present our institutional experience with @entity99 and assess current treatment trends and outcomes in the era of liver transplantation. We conducted a retrospective chart review of cases presenting with @entity99 at our institution over the past 10 years. The collected data included age, sex, presenting symptoms, imaging and the associated Pretreatment Extent of Disease (PRETEXT) score, pathology, chemotherapy, surgical interventions, and outcomes. Approval was obtained from the institutional review board of the Cincinnati @entity1 's Hospital Medical Center. @entity99 was identified in 6 @entity1 (4 males and 2 females) with a median age at diagnosis of 11 years (range   =   7-13 years). Initial imaging was available for all but 1 @entity1 . The PRETEXT stage for these @entity1 ranged from II to III. One @entity1 was diagnosed with lung metastases. Two @entity1 underwent upfront resection, and 1 @entity1 received neoadjuvant therapy and then conventional resection. Three @entity1 were treated with orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (primary OLT in 2 cases and salvage OLT for local recurrence in 1 case). Two @entity1 received posttransplant adjuvant chemotherapy. All 6 @entity1 remained in clinical remission with a mean follow-up of 35 months (range   =   12-84 months). In conclusion, OLT has rarely been reported as a treatment option for @entity99 . The addition of liver transplantation as a surgical option for treating @entity1 with @entity99 can result in improved survival for @entity1 whose @entity5 are initially unresectable or recur.

title: Multimodal therapy including liver transplantation for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Children', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['HUES', 'hepatic undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

answer: @entity99 :: (MESH:D056486,Disease) :: ['hepatic undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: To investigate if perfusion measured with dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) can be used to differentiate @entity1161 @entity39 from @entity5 recurrence in @entity1 with high-grade @entity11 . METHODS: The study was approved by the institutional review board and informed consent was obtained from all subjects. 19 @entity1 were recruited following surgery and @entity1161 therapy for @entity11 . @entity1 had contrast enhancing lesions, which during the standard MRI examination could not be exclusively determined as recurrence or @entity1161 @entity39 . DCE-MRI was used to measure cerebral blood volume (CBV), blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability and cerebral blood flow (CBF). Subjects also underwent FDG-PET and lesions were classified as either metabolically active or inactive. Follow-up clinical MRI and lesion histology in case of additional tissue resection was used to determine whether lesions were regressing or progressing. RESULTS: Fourteen enhancing lesions could be classified as progressing (11) or regressing (three). An empirical threshold of 2.0 ml/100 g for CBV allowed detection of regressing lesions with a sensitivity of 100 % and specificity of 100 %. FDG-PET and DCE-MRI agreed in classification of @entity5 status in 13 out of the 16 cases where an FDG-PET classification was obtained. In two of the remaining three @entity1 , MRI follow-up and histology was available and both indicated that the DCE-MRI answer was correct. CONCLUSION: CBV measurements using DCE-MRI may predict the status of contrast enhancing lesions and give results very similar to FDG-PET with regards to differentiation between @entity5 recurrence and @entity1161 @entity39 .

title: Evaluation of dynamic contrast-enhanced T1-weighted perfusion MRI in the differentiation of @entity5 recurrence from XXXX @entity39 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity1161 :: ('MESH:D011832', 'Disease') :: ['radiation']

answer: @entity1161 :: (MESH:D011832,Disease) :: ['radiation']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To investigate the prospective relationship between @entity167 consumption and incident mobility limitation. DESIGN: Cohort study. SETTING: The Health Aging and Body Composition study, conducted in Memphis, Tennessee, and Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. @entity1 : Three thousand sixty-one adults aged 70 to 79 without @entity717 at baseline. MEASUREMENTS: Incidence of mobility limitation, defined as self-report at two consecutive semiannual interviews of any difficulty walking one-quarter of a mile or climbing stairs, and incidence of @entity717 , defined as severe difficulty or inability to perform these tasks at two consecutive reports. @entity167 intake, lifestyle-related variables, diseases, and health status indicators were assessed at baseline. RESULTS: During a follow-up time of 6.5 years, @entity1 consuming moderate levels of @entity167 had the lowest incidence of mobility limitation (total: 6.4 per 100 @entity1 -years ( @entity1 -years); @entity1 : 6.4 per 100 @entity1 -years; @entity1 : 7.3 per 100 @entity1 -years) and @entity717 (total: 2.7 per 100 @entity1 -years; @entity1 : 2.5 per 100 @entity1 -years; @entity1 : 2.9 per 100 @entity1 -years). Adjusting for demographic characteristics, moderate @entity167 intake was associated with lower risk of mobility limitation (hazard ratio (HR)=0.70, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.55-0.89) and @entity717 (HR=0.66, 95% CI=0.45-0.95) than never or occasional consumption. Additional adjustment for lifestyle-related variables substantially reduced the strength of the associations (HR=0.85, 95% CI=0.66-1.08 and HR=0.81, 95% CI=0.56-1.18, respectively). Adjustment for diseases and health status indicators did not affect the strength of the associations, suggesting that lifestyle is most important in confounding this relationship. CONCLUSION: Lifestyle-related characteristics mainly accounted for the association between moderate @entity167 intake and lower risk of functional decline over time. These findings do not support a direct causal effect of @entity167 intake on physical function.

title: Moderate XXXX intake and risk of functional decline: the Health, Aging, and Body Composition study.

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol', 'Alcohol']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'participants', 'women', 'person', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['mobility disability']

answer: @entity167 :: (CHEBI:16236,Chemical) :: ['alcohol']


abstract: We have studied the development of the ipsilateral retinothalamic projection in the frog @entity1238 by analyzing patterns of histochemical reaction product resulting from anterograde transport of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) applied to cut optic nerves in animals of various ages. We have also determined the stages during which ipsilaterally projecting @entity4494 cells are born using a combination of @entity665 autoradiography and retrograde marking of @entity4494 cells following injection of HRP into the thalamus. Projections to ipsilateral thalamic terminal zones were first detectable beginning at about larval stage 54. There was a clear asynchrony in innervation, with projections to some terminal zones appearing before projections to others; projections to all terminal zones were present by late metamorphic stages. Within individual terminal zones there were progressive increases in the density of the projections as well as changes in their distribution. By these criteria, development of the ipsilateral projection was not complete at the end of metamorphosis but continued for some months thereafter. Our birth dating studies show that ipsilaterally projecting cells are produced relatively late in development and that, like the development of the projection, the production of ipsilaterally projecting @entity4494 cells continues postmetamorphically. The vast majority of ipsilaterally projecting cells are born over a period beginning at stage 54/55, when the projection first appears. This stage is significant, since it is at approximately this time that @entity1955 -dependent metamorphic events begin. In the following paper (Hoskins, S.G., and P. Grobstein (1985) J. Neurosci. 5: 930-940) we report studies on the involvement of thyroxine in the development of the ipsilateral retinothalamic projection.

title: Development of the ipsilateral retinothalamic projection in the frog XXXX . II. Ingrowth of optic nerve fibers and production of ipsilaterally projecting retinal ganglion cells.

entities_list: @entity1955 :: ('MESH:D013974', 'Chemical') :: ['thyroxine']

entities_list: @entity1238 :: ('8355', 'Species') :: ['Xenopus laevis']

entities_list: @entity665 :: ('CHEBI:53526', 'Chemical') :: ['[3H] thymidine']

answer: @entity1238 :: (8355,Species) :: ['Xenopus laevis']


abstract: It is reported of 607 cases of @entity2622 in situ from the years 1963 to 1977. During this period, the diagnostic and therapeutic procedures as well as the histological preparation technique have advanced. -- 75% of the cases were primarily conized. About half of these cases were surely radically excised. 323 @entity1 (53,2%) were treated actively by simple hysterectomy, 242 @entity1 (46,8%) were treated conservatively (190 conisations, 19 reconisations, 60 portioamputations, 12 ringbiopsies, 3 radiations). -- After 323 total exstirpations, 2 recurrences of @entity189 in @entity2735 were observed (0,6%). After local treatment of 242 @entity1 , 17 recurrences of the disease appeared (6%), among them 4 cases as @entity189 . 11 cases belong to the group of primarily nonexcised or uncertainly radically excised @entity189 in situ, and in 4 cases a possibility of recurrence has been discussed. -- It has been refered to the importance of the exact conisation technique and subtile histotechnical obtaining of slides in step sections. If the @entity189 in situ radically excised and followed by an attentive follow up in @entity1 below 40 years, a conservative procedure is adviced. For @entity1 above 40 years an active procedure is indicated, because it offers a high therapeutic reliability and a minimal risk. For cases of nonradically excised @entity189 in situ hysterectomy is indicated. The removal of the vaginal cuff is considered as unnecessary.

title: [On the therapy of XXXX in situ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2622 :: ('MESH:D002583', 'Disease') :: ['uterine cervix carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['invasive cervix carcinoma', 'carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity2735 :: ('MESH:D002278', 'Disease') :: ['situ in vaginal stump']

answer: @entity2622 :: (MESH:D002583,Disease) :: ['uterine cervix carcinoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity3969 represent a therapeutic challenge. The primary aim of management is eradication of the @entity5 and preservation of renal function. We present our experience in the management of such cases in a single-center experience. METHODS: This was a retrospective study of 22 @entity1 with histologically proven bilateral @entity3969 who were treated from 1993 to 2008 at our center. Of the 22 @entity1 , 12 were @entity1 and 10 were @entity1 , with a median age of 3 years (range 1-9); 19 had a synchronous presentation and 3 a metachronous presentation. Of the 22 @entity1 , 6 underwent initial surgical resection followed by chemotherapy and 16 underwent initial biopsy and preoperative chemotherapy. The final oncologic and renal outcomes were assessed. RESULTS: The median follow-up period was 3 years (range 1-11). Of the 22 @entity1 , 8 died, for an overall survival rate of 63.5%. The survival for the initial chemotherapy and initial surgery groups was essentially similar. Of all the variables studied, unfavorable histologic findings had a significant negative effect on survival. Of the 5 @entity1 with unfavorable histologic findings, 4 died during the follow-up period. The median volume of preserved renal parenchyma was 40%. All @entity1 had good renal function during follow-up, except for 1 @entity1 who had undergone bilateral nephrectomy. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3969 impose 2 conflicting issues: elimination of the pathology and preservation of the renal function. Currently, treatment regimens involving initial chemotherapy followed by conservative surgery can achieve these goals in an important proportion of @entity1 .

title: XXXX : single-center experience with 22 cases and literature review.

entities_list: @entity3969 :: ('MESH:D009396', 'Disease') :: ['nephroblastoma', "Bilateral Wilms' tumors"]

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'girls', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplasm']

answer: @entity3969 :: (MESH:D009396,Disease) :: ['Bilateral Wilms' tumors']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity2533 ( @entity2533 ) is the key fibrogenic cytokine associated with @entity545 ( @entity545 ). The aim of this study was to determine the antifibrotic effect of @entity29925 ( @entity29925 ), a small-molecule inhibitor of the @entity2533 type I receptor @entity7382 ( @entity7382 ), in fibroblasts isolated from @entity1 @entity545 plaque. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Plaque tissue from a @entity1 with @entity545 was used for primary fibroblast culture, and we then characterized primary cultured cells. Fibroblasts were pretreated with IN-1130 (10   M) and then stimulated with @entity2533 protein (10 ng/ml). We determined the inhibitory effect of IN-1130 on @entity2533 -induced phosphorylation of @entity2536 and @entity7379 or the nuclear translocation of Smad proteins in fibroblasts. Western blot analyses for @entity2289 , fibronectin, collagen I, and collagen IV were performed to evaluate effect of IN-1130 on the production of extracellular matrix proteins. RESULTS: The treatment of fibroblasts with @entity2533 significantly increased phosphorylation of @entity2536 and @entity7379 and induced translocation of Smad proteins from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. Pretreatment with IN-1130 substantially inhibited @entity2533 -induced phosphorylation of @entity2536 and @entity7379 and nuclear accumulation of Smad proteins. The @entity2533 -induced production of extracellular matrix proteins was also significantly inhibited by treatment with IN-1130 and returned to basal levels. CONCLUSIONS: Overexpression of @entity2533 and activation of Smad transcriptional factors are known to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of @entity545 . Thus, inhibition of the @entity2533 signaling pathway by @entity7382 inhibitor may represent a promising therapeutic strategy for treating @entity545 .

title: XXXX Inhibitor Attenuates Fibrosis in Fibroblasts Derived from Peyronie's Plaque.

entities_list: @entity7382 :: ('7046', 'Gene') :: ['ALK5', 'activin receptor-like kinase 5']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity29925 :: ('MESH:C530153', 'Chemical') :: ['IN-1130', '3-((5-(6-Methylpyridin-2-yl)-4-(quinoxalin-6-yl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl) methyl)benzamide']

entities_list: @entity2289 :: ('5054', 'Gene') :: ['plasminogen activator inhibitor-1']

entities_list: @entity545 :: ('MESH:D010411', 'Disease') :: ['PD', "Peyronie's disease"]

entities_list: @entity2533 :: ('7040', 'Gene') :: ['Transforming growth factor-b1', 'TGF-b', 'TGF-b1']

answer: @entity7382 :: (7046,Gene) :: ['Activin Receptor-Like Kinase 5']


abstract: BACKGROUND: After the availability of the results of validation studies, the @entity1600 ( @entity1600 ) has replaced routine @entity5848 ( @entity5848 ) as the new standard of care in early unifocal @entity0 . @entity5278 ( @entity5278 ) and multicentric (MC) @entity5 have been considered a contraindication for this technique due to the possible incidence of a higher false-negative rate. This prospective study evaluates the lymphatic drainage from different tumoral foci of the breast and assesses the accuracy of @entity1600 in @entity0 . @entity1 AND METHODS: @entity1 with preoperative diagnosis of @entity5278 or MC infiltrating and clinically node-negative (cN0) @entity0 were enrolled in this study. Two consecutive groups of @entity1 underwent @entity4298 mapping using a different site of injection of the radioisotope tracer: a) "2ID" Group received two intradermal (i.d.) injections over the site of the two dominant neoplastic nodules. A lymphoscintigraphic study was performed after each injection to evaluate the route of lymphatic spreading from different sites of the breast. b) "A" Group had periareolar (A) injection followed by a conventional lymphoscintigraphy. At surgery, both radioguided @entity1600 (with frozen section exam) and subsequent @entity5848 were planned, regardless the @entity4298 status. RESULTS: A total 31 @entity1 with @entity5278 (n = 12) or MC (n = 19) invasive, cN0 @entity5 of the breast fulfil the selection criteria. In 2 i.d. Group (n = 15) the lymphoscintigraphic study showed the lymphatic pathways from two different sites of the breast which converged into one major lymphatic trunk affering to the same @entity4298 (s) in 14 (93.3%) cases. In one (6.7%) MC @entity5 two different pathways were found, each of them affering to a different @entity4298 . In A Group (n = 16) lymphoscintigraphy showed one (93.7%) or two (6.3%) lymphatic channels, each connecting areola with one or more @entity4298 (s). Identification rate of @entity4298 was 100% in both Groups. Accuracy of frozen section exam on @entity4298 was 96.8% (1 case of micrometastasis was missed). @entity4298 was positive in 13 (41.9%) of 31 @entity1 , including 4 cases (30.7%) of micrometastasis. In 7 of 13 (53.8%) @entity1 the @entity4298 was the only site of axillary @entity3 . @entity1600 accuracy was 96.8% (30 of 31), sensitivity 92.8 (13 of 14), and false-negative rate 7.1% (1 of 14). Since the case of skip @entity3 was identified by the surgeon intraoperatively, it would have been no impact in the clinical practice. CONCLUSION: Our lymphoscintigraphic study shows that axillary @entity4298 represents the whole breast regardless of @entity5 location within the parenchyma. The high accuracy of @entity1600 in @entity5278 and MC @entity0 demonstrates, according with the results of other series published in the literature, that both @entity5 do not represent a contraindication for @entity1600 anymore.

title: Multifocality and multicentricity are not contraindications for @entity1600 in XXXX surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast carcinoma', 'breast cancers', 'breast cancer', 'MF-MC breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'MF and MC tumors', 'cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity5278 :: ('MESH:C537374', 'Disease') :: ['MF', 'Multifocal']

entities_list: @entity1600 :: ('MESH:D014388', 'Disease') :: ['sentinel lymph node biopsy', 'SLNB']

entities_list: @entity5848 :: ('MESH:D000784', 'Disease') :: ['AD', 'axillary dissection']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: An experimental model of @entity179 on @entity1844 consists of a surgically-scarified articular surface of the adult @entity235 knee joint. In 52 @entity235 , evaluated by histologic and enzymatic assays over a period of 1 to 110 weeks post-surgery, the levels of acid hydrolase activity varied on various areas of articular cartilage within the same joint. There was a transient rise in most of the acid hydrolases in the synovium as a response to arthrotomy of the knee joint. All of the acid hydrolases studied did not respond uniformly to surgically created @entity130 . There was evidence of repair of the cartilage lacerations even when the subchondral zone was not breached. Lacerations in the central portion of the patella rarely showed healing in contrast to those placed more to the periphery of the articular surface. There was no gross or histologic evidence of progressive @entity179 up to 2 years post-surgery. Thus an injury inflicted to the surface of the articular cartilage may be in itself insufficient in severity to produce destructive changes in the joint. This should not be too surprising, since, clinically, all joint surface injury does not lead to degenerative @entity625 . The joint seems to have an injury threshold whereby chondrocytes are capable of repairing surface injury if the damage is not massive or repetitive. Insofar as lacerations in the center of the patella rarely healed, while the peripheral ones showed consistent signs of healing, the site of injury, as well as the magnitude of injury, may be critical.

title: An experimental study of surface XXXX and enzyme responses within the joint.

entities_list: @entity1844 :: ('MESH:D002357', 'Disease') :: ['chondromalacia']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['arthritis']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['degenerative joint disease']

answer: @entity1844 :: (MESH:D002357,Disease) :: ['injury to articular cartilage']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Maternal stress during pregnancy has been associated with detrimental cognitive developmental outcomes in offspring. This study investigated whether antenatal maternal perceived stress and variants of the @entity33890 and @entity33891 polymorphisms on the @entity19240 gene interact to affect reading ability and full-scale IQ (FSIQ) in members of the longitudinal Auckland Birthweight Collaborative study. Antenatal maternal stress was measured at birth, and reading ability was assessed at ages 7 and 16. Reading data were available for 500 participants at age 7 and 479 participants at age 16. FSIQ was measured at ages 7 and 11. At age 11, DNA samples were collected. Analyses of covariance revealed that individuals with the TT genotype of the @entity33890 polymorphism exposed to high maternal stress during pregnancy possessed significantly poorer reading ability (as measured by Woodcock-Johnson Word Identification standard scores) during adolescence compared with TT carriers exposed to low maternal stress. TT carriers of the @entity33890 SNP also obtained lower IQ scores at age 7 than C allele carriers. These findings suggest that the @entity19240 gene is associated with both reading ability and general cognition, but in different ways. The effect on IQ appears to occur earlier in development and is transient, whereas the effect of reading ability occurs later and is moderated by antenatal maternal stress. Copyright    2016 John Wiley _ Sons, Ltd.

title: Associations Between the XXXX Dyslexia Susceptibility Gene Variants, Antenatal Maternal Stress, and Reading Ability in a Longitudinal Birth Cohort.

answer: @entity19240 :: (9856,Gene) :: ['KIAA0319']


abstract: Two aquaporin genes were isolated from a cDNA library of canola ( @entity4335 .). The first aquaporin, @entity34157 of 1094 bp, encoding a putative polypeptide of 287 @entity1522 with a predicted molecular mass of 30.4 kDa and a pI of 7.8, belongs to the family of plasma membrane intrinsic protein (PIPs) aquaporins. The @entity4335 aquaporin showed 85-94% identity to the @entity958 PIPs. ABA priming of seed induced high levels of @entity34157 transcript which remained after subsequent re-drying of the seed. The second aquaporin, Bny-TIP2 of 1020 bp, encoded a putative polypeptide of 253 @entity1522 with a predicted molecular mass of 25.8 kDa and a pI of 5.8. Bngamma-TIP2 showed 83-90% identity to gamma-TIP genes from a variety of plant species. Bngamma-TIP2 was expressed only when radicle protrusion occurred in either untreated or primed seeds. Seeds primed with @entity970 or ABA germinated earlier and showed a higher final percentage of germination than unprimed seed, particularly under salt and osmotic stresses at low temperature. Transcripts of both @entity34157 and Bngamma-TIP2 genes were present earlier during germination of primed seeds than non-primed seed. From these results, we conclude that @entity34157 is related to the water transportation required for enzymatic metabolism of storage nutrients at the early stages of canola seed germination whereas Bngamma-TIP2 expression is related to cell growth associated with radicle protrusion. Priming induced the expression of @entity34157 but had no effect on Bngamma-TIP2.

title: Characterization and expression of plasma and tonoplast membrane aquaporins in primed seed of XXXX during germination under stress conditions.

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity4335 :: ('3708', 'Species') :: ['Brassica napus L', 'B. napus']

entities_list: @entity958 :: ('3702', 'Species') :: ['Arabidopsis thaliana']

answer: @entity4335 :: (3708,Species) :: ['Brassica napus']


abstract: During grain formation stage (90 to 110 days), the youngest flag leaf of @entity579 ( @entity579 . cv. Jaya) remained metabolically most active (as indicated by cellular constituents and enzyme activities) and the third leaf the least active. At the grain development stage (110 to 120 days) the above pattern of age-related senescence of the flag leaf completely changed and it senesced at a faster rate than the second leaf which remained metabolically active even up to grain maturation time (120 to 130 days), when both the flag and the third leaf partially senesced. Removal of any leaf temporarily arrested senescence of the remaining attached leaves, that of flag leaf did not hasten senescence of the second leaf, while that of either the second or the third accelerated senescence of the flag. Removal of the inflorescence after emergence or foliar treatment of intact plant with kinetin equally delayed senescence and produced an age-related, sequential mode of senescence or leaves. Both translocation and retention of @entity7263 by the flag leaf were maximum at the time of grain formation and that by the second leaf was maintained even up to grain maturation time. The induction of senescence of the flag leaf was preceded by a plentiful transport of @entity7263 to the grains. Kinetin treatment decreased the transport of @entity7263 , prolonged its duration, and almost equally involved all of the leaves in this process. The pattern of senescence of isolated leaf tips was similar to that of attached leaves. The level of endogenous @entity2271 -like substance(s) maintained a close linearity with the senescence behavior of the leaves of intact and defruited plants during aging, and the rise in @entity2271 in the flag leaf was also preceded by higher (32)P transport to the grains.

title: Mechanism of monocarpic senescence in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2271 :: ('MESH:D000040', 'Chemical') :: ['abscisic acid']

entities_list: @entity579 :: ('4530', 'Species') :: ['Oryza sativa L', 'rice']

answer: @entity579 :: (4530,Species) :: ['rice']


abstract: Background.    @entity602 ( @entity602 ) is effective in reducing @entity158 from a number of differing medical conditions that are refractory to other, more conservative treatments. Much is written in the literature regarding efficacy and safety of @entity602 ; however, no one to our knowledge has compared and reported safety and efficacy of @entity602 when using differing manufactured @entity602 devices. We undertook such a preliminary evaluation. Methods.    Charts from the years 2001-2005 of our clinic's @entity1 who had undergone trials and placement of permanent @entity602 systems were selected for review. All @entity1 who had received either an Advanced Bionics @entity602 system (Advanced Bionics, Valencia, CA, USA), an Advanced Neuromodulation Systems (ANS) @entity602 system (ANS, Plano, TX, USA), or a Medtronic @entity602 system (Medtronic, Inc., Minneapolis, MN, USA) were given a survey to complete for data analysis. @entity1 were categorized into three groups: those @entity1 having received a Medtronic (Mdt) @entity602 system, those @entity1 having received an Advance Bionics (ABi) @entity602 system, and those @entity1 having received an Advance Neuromodulation Systems (ANS) @entity602 system. Data, limited to volunteers, who gave their written consent, were analyzed for efficacy and complications. Differences in outcomes and safety were analyzed overall and according to manufacturer. Results.    Eighty surveys were mailed out to 80 @entity1 and 30 surveys were completed and returned, a return and completion rate of 37.5%. All @entity1 showed improvement in all aspects including @entity158 relief, sleep, functional activities, and medication use for @entity158 control. When comparing outcomes of @entity602 from the three different companies, there was no significant statistical difference in average percentage @entity158 relief, sleep improvement, and medication needed for @entity158 control. However, there was a statistically different less change in functional improvement in the ABi group when compared to @entity1 in the Mdt and ANS groups. Conclusions.    @entity602 improves @entity158 , sleep, and function in @entity1 with intractable @entity158 . Because of the low number of @entity1 evaluable in this study, we believe that conclusions should not be made regarding the effect of technology on outcomes or safety. We believe that an analysis of this type in larger populations is warranted to understand the role, if any, that present-day technology has on outcomes of @entity602 .

title: The effect of spinal cord stimulation, overall, and the effect of differing spinal cord stimulation technologies on XXXX , @entity158 medication, sleep, and function.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity602 :: ('MESH:D013118', 'Disease') :: ['Spinal cord stimulation', 'SCS']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: In the development of @entity712 , extensive remodelling of the entire myocardium takes place. In this paper, findings on structural remodelling occurring in @entity1 with severely reduced left ventricular function due to dilated @entity296 are presented. This process involves all structural proteins of the myocytes; some of them are reduced (contractile proteins and most of the sarcomeric skeleton) and others are increased (cytoskeleton and membrane-associated proteins). Likewise, the @entity495 content of gap junctions is significantly reduced. The myocyte nuclei are enlarged by 20%, but the ratio of nuclear volume to cell volume is decreased. Nuclei contain less DNA and less of the splicing factor @entity5313 than normal myocardium, which might explain the depressed transcription and translation observed in failing hearts. The connective tissue including fibronectin, laminin and the different types of collagen is augmented, whereas the number of microvessels is decreased. This results in replacement @entity82 . Cell loss is caused by either ubiquitin-related autophagic cell death (most frequent) or by acute @entity63 cell death (oncosis) but to a lesser degree by apoptosis. All of these modes of cell death contribute significantly to the loss of contractile function. The morphological alterations described here are the structural correlates of the typical clinical characteristics of @entity712 in @entity1 : reduced contractile function, increased ventricular stiffness and @entity943 .

title: Structural remodelling in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular arrhythmias']

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['heart failure']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Synchronous second @entity5 (SPTs), especially esophageal @entity1544 (ESCN), in @entity1 with @entity213 ( @entity213 ) are not uncommon. Image-enhanced endoscopy (IEE) screening may identify SPTs while there is no evidence to support its benefit. We prospectively recruited an adult cohort with newly-diagnosed @entity213 for IEE screening of @entity344 . 145 @entity213 @entity1 were recruited. 22 (15.2%) @entity1 had @entity344 , including 20 ESCNs and 2 @entity356 . At a median follow-up of 2.72 (  1.73) years, the 3-year overall survival (OS) rate was 0.71. @entity213 @entity1 with synchronous ESCN/UGI tract @entity5 had poorer prognosis than those without (multivariate analysis, hazard ratio [HR] 2.75/2.79, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.11~6.82/1.15~6.80, p   =   0.03/0.02). @entity213 @entity1 with advanced (stage III_IV) ESCN had worst survivals (p   <   0.001). Among those with synchronous ESCNs, @entity5 were associated with poorer prognosis when compared with @entity5 (HR 2.36, 95% CI 1.08~5.15, p   =   0.03). IEE screening for UGI SPTs in @entity213 @entity1 could be used for risk stratification and prognosis prediction. @entity213 @entity1 with advanced ESCN had the worst prognosis. Further studies are needed to demonstrate the survival benefits from IEE screening.

title: Long Term Outcome of Routine Image-enhanced Endoscopy in Newly Diagnosed Head and Neck Cancer: a Prospective Study of 145 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['hypopharyngeal cancers', 'oral cancers', 'primary tumors', 'neoplasia']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['synchronous UGI tract neoplasia', 'upper gastrointestinal (UGI) tract neoplasia']

entities_list: @entity1544 :: ('MESH:D018307', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell neoplasia']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity213 :: ('MESH:C535575', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck squamous cell carcinoma', 'HNSCC']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the response rate and @entity137 of a regimen comprised of monthly @entity3003 and weekly @entity1311 for recurrent @entity43 . METHODS: We performed a retrospective chart review of @entity1 with recurrent @entity43 treated between 2001 and 2006 at a single institution with @entity3003 AUC 5 (day 1), and @entity1311 80 mg/m(2) (days 1, 8, 15) of a 28-day cycle. Primary endpoints were response rate, progression-free survival and overall survival. RESULTS: Twenty @entity1 were treated with this regimen from 2001 to 2006. Stage ranged from stages IC to IV. All received intravenous @entity902 and @entity3907 as their initial therapy. Histologic subtypes included papillary serous (17), @entity6962 (1), and clear cell (2). The median number of prior regimens was 1 (range 1-3). The overall response rate was 85.0% (15 complete responses, 2 partial responses). @entity1 with @entity5 categorized as @entity902 sensitive had a response rate of 93.3% (14/15) and those with @entity5 deemed @entity902 resistant had a response rate of 60.0% (3/5). The median survival has not yet been reached after a median follow-up of 28 months. @entity1398 was the only grade 3/4 @entity137 , occurring in 7 @entity1 (35.0%). @entity902 hypersensitivity reactions occurred in 5 @entity1 (25.0%) who all successfully continued treatment using a @entity3003 desensitization protocol. CONCLUSIONS: A monthly @entity3003 and weekly @entity1311 regimen is highly active for @entity1 with recurrent @entity902 -sensitive and @entity902 -resistant @entity43 . The regimen is well tolerated. This pilot series demonstrates the potential for this regimen as treatment of choice among doublet first salvage regimens for @entity1 with recurrent @entity43 , thus warranting multi-institutional study.

title: The combination of monthly XXXX and weekly @entity1311 is highly active for the treatment of recurrent @entity43 .

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cancer', 'epithelial ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['carboplatin']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['Neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['Platinum', 'platinum']

entities_list: @entity6962 :: ('MESH:D002296', 'Disease') :: ['carcinosarcoma']

answer: @entity3003 :: (MESH:D016190,Chemical) :: ['carboplatin']


abstract: Opioids are widely used as additives to local anesthetics for intrathecal anesthesia. Benefit and risk remain unclear. We systematically searched databases and bibliographies to February 2011 for full reports of randomized comparisons of any opioid added to any intrathecal local anesthetic with the local anesthetic alone in adults undergoing surgery (except cesarean section) and receiving single-shot intrathecal anesthesia without general anesthesia. We included 65 trials (3338 @entity1 , 1932 of whom received opioids) published between 1983 and 2010. @entity1286 (0.05-2mg) and @entity3575 (10-50  g) added to @entity1341 were the most frequently tested. Duration of postoperative analgesia was prolonged with @entity1286 (weighted mean difference 503 min; 95% confidence interval [CI] 315 to 641) and @entity3575 (weighted mean difference 114 min; 95% CI 60 to 168). @entity1286 decreased the number of @entity1 needing opioid analgesia after surgery and decreased @entity158 intensity to the 12th postoperative hour. @entity1286 increased the risk of @entity390 (number needed to harm [ @entity15852 ] 9.9), @entity391 (NNH 10), urinary retention (NNH 6.5), and @entity111 (NNH 4.4). @entity3575 increased the risk of @entity111 (NNH 3.3). With @entity1286 0.05 to 0.5mg, the NNH for @entity1576 varied between 38 and 59 depending on the @entity1576 chosen. With @entity3575 10 to 40  g, the risk of @entity1576 was not significantly increased. For none of these effects, beneficial or harmful, was there evidence of dose-responsiveness. Consequently, minimal effective doses of intrathecal @entity1286 and @entity3575 should be sought. For intrathecal @entity4783 , @entity4521 , @entity10748 , @entity6882 , @entity284 , @entity12586 , @entity681 , and @entity1340 , there were not enough data to allow for meaningful conclusions.

title: Opioids added to local anesthetics for single-shot intrathecal anesthesia in XXXX undergoing minor surgery: a meta-analysis of randomized trials.

entities_list: @entity4521 :: ('MESH:D003932', 'Chemical') :: ['diamorphine']

entities_list: @entity10748 :: ('MESH:D004091', 'Chemical') :: ['hydromorphone']

entities_list: @entity12586 :: ('MESH:D010423', 'Chemical') :: ['pentazocine']

entities_list: @entity681 :: ('MESH:D017409', 'Chemical') :: ['sufentanil']

entities_list: @entity1340 :: ('MESH:D014147', 'Chemical') :: ['tramadol']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity4783 :: ('MESH:D002047', 'Chemical') :: ['buprenorphine']

entities_list: @entity111 :: ('MESH:D011537', 'Disease') :: ['pruritus']

entities_list: @entity1341 :: ('MESH:D002045', 'Chemical') :: ['bupivacaine']

entities_list: @entity6882 :: ('MESH:D008614', 'Chemical') :: ['meperidine']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory depression', 'definition of respiratory depression']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine', 'Morphine']

entities_list: @entity284 :: ('MESH:D008691', 'Chemical') :: ['methadone']

entities_list: @entity3575 :: ('MESH:D005283', 'Chemical') :: ['Fentanyl', 'fentanyl']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Persistent @entity2972 after tympanostomy tube placement in @entity1 is a common complication. Previous reports have suggested that bacteria present within the ear canal may be the cause of postoperative drainage. Preparation of the ear canal with @entity4279 solutions has been recommended to decrease these infections. A prospective study evaluating the efficacy of @entity4279 ear canal preparation before myringotomy and tube placement was performed in 111 @entity1 (220 ears) with @entity102 media with effusion. One ear in each @entity1 was prepared with @entity4279 . The contralateral ear in each @entity1 was used as control. @entity86 developed in seven (6.3%) of the treated ears within 14 days, compared to eleven (10%) of the ears in the control group. The difference was not statistically significant (p greater than 0.05). Purulent or mucoid @entity2171 and @entity2172 were associated with a significantly higher incidence of @entity86 (p less than 0.05). This study suggests that @entity86 is generally a consequence of preoperative @entity2172 rather than contamination from the external canal. Antimicrobial therapy should be considered when purulent effusion or granulation tissue is seen.

title: The effects of XXXX preparation on the incidence of post-tympanostomy @entity2972 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patient', 'child']

entities_list: @entity2172 :: ('MESH:D010033', 'Disease') :: ['edematous or granular middle ear mucosa', 'middle ear condition']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['documented chronic otitis']

entities_list: @entity4279 :: ('MESH:D011206', 'Chemical') :: ['povidone-iodine']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative otorrhea', 'Postoperative otorrhea']

entities_list: @entity2171 :: ('MESH:D010034', 'Disease') :: ['middle ear effusions']

answer: @entity4279 :: (MESH:D011206,Chemical) :: ['povidone-iodine']


abstract: AIMS: A systematic review was conducted to determine if manual decompression is a safe alternative to intraoperative colonic irrigation prior to primary @entity254 in obstructed left-sided @entity14 . METHODS: Search for relevant articles from 1980 to 2007 was conducted on Medline, Embase and the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register using the keywords "colonic lavage, irrigation, decompression, washout, obstructed and bowel preparation", either singularly or in combination. Trials in English publications with similar @entity1 characteristics, inclusion criteria and outcome measures were selected for analysis. Thirty-day mortality, @entity834 were studied as outcome variables. Analysis was performed with RevMan 4.2 software. RESULTS: Seven trials were identified for systematic review, with a total of 449 @entity1 . Data from the single randomised controlled trial and one prospective comparative trial were analysed separately. Results from the remaining five studies were pooled into two arms of a composite series, one with colonic irrigation and one without. Results showed no significant difference in the @entity834 rates and mortality rates between the colonic irrigation and manual decompression arms in the randomised and comparative trials. The composite series, however, showed significantly better results with manual decompression (RR 6.18, 95% CI 1.67-22.86). The post-operative @entity281 rate was similar in both groups. CONCLUSION: Manual decompression was comparable to colonic irrigation for primary @entity254 in obstructed left-sided @entity14 , with no significant increase in mortality, leak or @entity281 rates.

title: Systematic review of intraoperative colonic irrigation vs. manual decompression in obstructed left-sided XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity834 :: ('MESH:D057868', 'Disease') :: ['anastomotic leak', 'anastomotic leak rates and post-operative wound infection']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal emergencies']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal emergencies']


abstract: PURPOSE: In @entity1 with @entity1494 due to @entity1566 or disease who undergo augmentation cystoplasty (AC) for not only @entity1494 but also sphincteric @entity322 , the need for concomitant bladder neck reconstruction at the time of AC has not yet been established. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether concomitant bladder neck reconstruction is necessary when performing AC. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively investigated 35 @entity1 who underwent AC from January 2006 to September 2010. Medical history, preoperative and postoperative fluoroscopic urodynamic study (FUDS) parameters, and responses to an @entity322 questionnaire (ICIQ Korean version) were reviewed. RESULTS: A final analysis was performed on 17 @entity1 (9 male, 8 female) who were diagnosed with sphincteric @entity322 . Continence status, the number of pads used, and the bother score were significantly improved postoperatively in this subpopulation. Preoperatively, all @entity1 used pads, and the average daily number was 2.2 (median; range 0 to 6). Postoperatively, the number of pads used decreased significantly to 0.9 (median; range 0 to 3) pads a day (p=0.002). Urodynamic parameters including bladder capacity, compliance, @entity1494 proven by FUDS were also significantly improved. CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrated that both objective urodynamic parameters and subjective @entity322 symptoms improved significantly after the completion of AC as a single procedure in @entity1 with @entity1690 . This implies that anti- @entity322 bladder outlet surgery does not have to be performed simultaneously and can be considered later as a staged operation.

title: Is concomitant bladder neck reconstruction necessary in neurogenic incontinent XXXX who undergo augmentation cystoplasty?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1690 :: ('MESH:D046628', 'Disease') :: ['sphincteric incompetence']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['incontinence']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['neurogenic bladder', 'bladder dysfunction', 'involuntary detrusor contraction, and bladder neck incompetence']

entities_list: @entity1566 :: ('MESH:D013119', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord injury']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Peritoneal dissemination is the most common route of spread of @entity43 ( @entity43 ). @entity1104 ( @entity1104 ) followed by @entity902 -based systemic chemotherapy is the current standard treatment in advanced stages, with suboptimal results. The aim of this study is to analyze the outcome of advanced @entity43 treated with @entity1104 plus hyperthermic intraoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) combined with systemic chemotherapy. METHODS: We analyze a cohort of @entity1 treated with @entity1104 plus HIPEC for peritoneal @entity189 secondary to @entity43 from May 2007 to December 2014. We included both @entity1 with @entity6378 at first diagnosis of @entity43 and peritoneal recurrences after initial treatment. RESULTS: We performed 61 @entity1104 with HIPEC procedures, 31 cases as primary treatment (4 as upfront therapy and 27 after neoadjuvant chemotherapy) and 30 as secondary treatment (recurrences). Median @entity298 Index (PCI) was 9; the cytoreduction was optimal in 92% of the procedures. Severe morbidity (Grade III-IV of Clavien-Dindo classification) was 29.5%, without mortality. Median follow-up was 23 months and median disease-free survival (DFS) was 14 months (14 in primary surgery group and 17 in recurrence group, p=0.51). Median @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) was 57 months; in primary surgery group, @entity1349 was 96.8% at 1-year, and 55% at 5-years, and median @entity1349 was not reached; @entity1349 in recurrence group was 89.3% at 1-year and 47.1% at 5-years, and median @entity1349 was 57 months. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1104 with HIPEC is a treatment option for @entity43 with good results in terms of morbidity and survival, in experienced centers.

title: Hyperthermic intraoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) with primary or secondary cytoreductive surgery in the treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['EOC', 'epithelial ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomatosis']

entities_list: @entity6378 :: ('MESH:D010532', 'Disease') :: ['peritoneal disease']

entities_list: @entity1104 :: ('MESH:D000267', 'Disease') :: ['CRS', 'Cytoreductive surgery']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['platinum']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['Peritoneal Carcinomatosis']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['advanced epithelial ovarian cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Periodontal subgingival pathogens affect local and systemic immune responses and initiate an acute phase systemic inflammatory response characterized by the release of C-reactive proteins (CRPs). This study has been carried out to evaluate the serum concentration of CRPs, which can be used as a marker of @entity2520 as well as a risk indicator for @entity65 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: In a retrospective study a total number of 45 subjects were selected from the outpatient department of periodontics a mean age of 40 years. Based on the periodontal status, the subjects were divided into 3 groups of 15 subjects each. Group I: Control group [with @entity6730 ( @entity6730 )  <= 2 mm and @entity5951 ( @entity5951 ) < 3 mm], Group II: Generalized @entity146 @entity2521 ( @entity6730  <= 5 mm), Group III: @entity7278 ( @entity6730 >=  2 mm, @entity5951 >=  5 mm), which includes moderate and severe @entity2521 . The clinical parameters recorded were plaque index,gingival index, bleeding index, probing @entity5951 , and clinical attachment levels and scoring was done on 6 surfaces of all teeth. For the @entity1851 assessment, blood samples were collected from subjects at the time of clinical examination. Analysis of covariance was used for comparison of mean values between the groups to adjust the ages (P value < 0.05). RESULTS: Overall, the mean @entity1851 levels were high in subjects with generalized @entity146 and @entity7278 compared with controls. This was found to be statistically significant. A statistically significant difference (P = 0.012) was found in the @entity1851 level between groups I and II and between groups II and III, and between groups I and III. CONCLUSION: The results of the present study indicated an increase in serum @entity1851 levels in subjects with generalized @entity146 @entity2521 and @entity7278 as compared with the controls.

title: Evaluation of serum XXXX levels in subjects with @entity146 and @entity7278 and comparison with healthy controls.

entities_list: @entity6730 :: ('MESH:D017622', 'Disease') :: ['attachment loss', 'AL']

entities_list: @entity2520 :: ('MESH:D010510', 'Disease') :: ['periodontal disease']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive']

entities_list: @entity7278 :: ('MESH:D055113', 'Disease') :: ['chronic periodontitis']

entities_list: @entity2521 :: ('MESH:D010518', 'Disease') :: ['periodontitis']

entities_list: @entity5951 :: ('MESH:D005888', 'Disease') :: ['PD', 'pocket depth']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular diseases']

answer: @entity1851 :: (1401,Gene) :: ['C-reactive protein']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We studied the role of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their tissue inhibitors (TIMPs) in @entity82 formation in the transition from @entity1184 to @entity712 ( @entity712 ) as well as the cellular source of MMPs and TIMPs. BACKGROUND: @entity1 pressure-overloaded hearts are characterized by a significant increase in cardiac @entity82 . However, the contribution of the proteolytic/antiproteolytic system in @entity472 ( @entity472 ) during @entity1184 progression has not yet been elucidated. METHODS: Three groups of @entity472 @entity1 (I: EF >50%, n = 12; II: EF 50% to 30%, n = 10; III: EF <30%, n = 12) undergoing aortic valve replacement and seven controls were studied. Tissue samples were investigated by immunoconfocal microscopy, Western blotting, and zymography. RESULTS: Quantitative analysis by immunoconfocal microscopy and Western blotting showed an upregulation of @entity3334 in group I and further increases in later stages. Tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase-1 and -2 were enhanced and @entity22078 was decreased in comparison to control. Gelatinolytic activity of @entity1476 significantly (p < 0.05) increased 1.2-fold (group I), 1.5-fold (group II), and 1.6-fold (group III) over control. The level of collagen I was significantly upregulated in all @entity472 groups. Immunoconfocal microscopy showed that MMPs and TIMPs are produced predominantly by fibroblasts. The number of proliferating fibroblasts was significantly elevated during the transition to @entity712 (0.67 n/mm(2)-control, 5.03-group III, p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In @entity1 hearts a continuous turnover of the extracellular matrix occurs during the progression from compensated @entity1184 to @entity712 that is characterized by the upregulation of MMPs and inadequate inhibition by TIMPs. The altered balance between proteolysis/antiproteolysis with accompanying proliferation of fibroblasts results in @entity82 progression.

title: Matrix metalloproteinases and their tissue inhibitors in pressure-overloaded XXXX myocardium during @entity712 progression.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'human', 'Human']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['HF', 'heart failure']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity472 :: ('MESH:D001024', 'Disease') :: ['AS', 'aortic stenosis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']