abstract: OBJECTIVES: We investigated which variables independently associated with protection against or development of @entity788 (PEP) and severity of PEP. Subsequently, we derived predictive risk models for PEP. METHODS: In a case-control design, 6505 @entity1 had 8264 ERCPs, 211 @entity1 had PEP, and 22 @entity1 had severe PEP. We randomly selected 348 non-PEP controls. We examined 7 established- and 9 investigational variables. RESULTS: In univariate analysis, 7 variables predicted PEP: younger age, female sex, suspected @entity1690 ( @entity1690 ), pancreatic sphincterotomy, moderate-difficult cannulation (MDC), pancreatic stent placement, and lower Charlson score. Protective variables were current smoking, former drinking, @entity6 , and @entity409 ( @entity409 , @entity455 ). Multivariate analysis identified seven independent variables for PEP, three protective (current smoking, @entity409 ) and 4 predictive (younger age, suspected @entity1690 , pancreatic sphincterotomy, MDC). Pre- and post-ERCP risk models of 7 variables have a C-statistic of 0.74. Removing age (seventh variable) did not significantly affect the predictive value (C-statistic of 0.73) and @entity146 . Severity of PEP did not associate with any variables by multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS: By using the newly identified protective variables with 3 predictive variables, we derived 2 risk models with a higher predictive value for PEP compared to prior studies.

title: Risk models for post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography @entity788 (PEP): smoking and XXXX are predictors of protection against PEP.

entities_list: @entity1690 :: ('MESH:D046628', 'Disease') :: ['sphincter of Oddi dysfunction', 'SOD']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['postendoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['biliary/transplant complications']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['reduced model complexity']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['CLD', 'chronic liver disease', 'CLD-biliary, CLD-transplant/hepatectomy complications']

answer: @entity409 :: (MESH:D008107,Disease) :: ['chronic liver disease']


abstract: Rozrolimupab, a recombinant mixture of 25 fully @entity1 @entity6668 -specific monoclonal antibodies, represents a new class of recombinant human antibody mixtures. In a phase 1 or 2 dose escalation study, @entity6668 (+) @entity1 (61 subjects) with primary @entity3039 received a single intravenous dose of rozrolimupab ranging from 75 to 300  g/kg. The primary outcome was the occurrence of adverse events. The principal secondary outcome was the effect on platelet levels 7 days after the treatment. The most common adverse events were @entity10 and @entity221 , mostly mild, and reported in 20% and 13% of the @entity1 , respectively, without dose relationship. Rozrolimupab caused an expected transient reduction of hemoglobin concentration in the majority of the @entity1 . At the dose of 300  g/kg platelet responses, defined as platelet count >=  30   10(9)/L and an increase in platelet count by > 20   10(9)/L from baseline were observed after 72 hours and persisted for at least 7 days in 8 of 13 @entity1 (62%). Platelet responses were observed within 24 hours in 23% of @entity1 and lasted for a median of 14 days. Rozrolimupab was well tolerated and elicited rapid platelet responses in @entity1 with @entity3039 and may be a useful alternative to plasma-derived products. This trial is registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT00718692.

title: Rozrolimupab, a mixture of 25 recombinant human monoclonal @entity6668 antibodies, in the treatment of primary XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3039 :: ('MESH:D016553', 'Disease') :: ['immune thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

answer: @entity3039 :: (MESH:D016553,Disease) :: ['immune thrombocytopenia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 -reported outcome measures are increasingly used in sports medicine to assess results after treatment, but interpretability of change for many instruments remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: To define the @entity922 ( @entity922 ) for the Victorian Institute of Sport Assessment scale (VISA-P) in athletes with @entity924 ( @entity924 ) who underwent conservative treatment. METHODS: Ninety-eight athletes with @entity924 were enrolled in the study. Each @entity1 completed the VISA-P at admission, after 1 week, and at the final visit. Athletes also assessed their clinical change at discharge on a 15-point Likert scale. We equated important change with a score of >= 3 (somewhat better). Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and mean change score were used to determine @entity922 . Minimal detectable change was calculated. The effect of baseline scores on @entity922 and different criteria used to define important change were investigated. A Bayesian analysis was used to establish the posterior probability of reporting clinical changes related to @entity922 value. RESULTS: Athletes with @entity924 who showed an absolute change greater than 13 points in the VISA-P score or 15.4-27% of relative change achieved a minimal important change in their clinical status. This value depended on baseline scores. The probability of a clinical change in a @entity1 was 98% when this threshold was achieved and 45% when @entity922 was not achieved. CONCLUSIONS: Definition of the @entity922 will enhance the interpretability of changes in the VISA-P score in the athletes with @entity924 , but caution is required when these values are used.

title: Responsiveness of the VISA-P scale for XXXX in athletes.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participant', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity924 :: ('MESH:D052256', 'Disease') :: ['patellar tendinopathy', 'PT']

entities_list: @entity922 :: ('MESH:D013568', 'Disease') :: ['minimum clinically important difference', 'MCID']

answer: @entity924 :: (MESH:D052256,Disease) :: ['patellar tendinopathy']


abstract: @entity120 is a @entity74 with multiple etiologies. The World Health Organization Group 5 (unclear multifactorial mechanisms) includes @entity1 with @entity1374 . The authors reviewed the literature on the association between @entity1378 and @entity120 and identified 20 publications reporting 164 @entity1 with treatment outcomes. The systolic pulmonary artery (PA) pressures in these @entity1 ranged from 28 to 78 mm Hg. They were treated with antithyroid medications, radioactive @entity1496 and surgery. The mean pretherapy PA systolic pressure was 39 mm Hg; the mean posttreatment pressure was 30 mm Hg. @entity120 should be considered in @entity1378 @entity1 with @entity1353 . All @entity1 with @entity120 should be screened for @entity1378 , because the treatment of @entity1378 can reduce PA pressures, potentially avoid the side-effects and costs with current therapies for @entity120 and limit the consequences of untreated @entity1378 . However, the long-term outcome in these @entity1 is uncertain, and this issue needs more study. Changes in the pulmonary circulation and molecular regulators of vascular remodeling likely explain this association.

title: XXXX : an important association.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity120 :: ('MESH:D006976', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary hypertension', 'Pulmonary hypertension']

entities_list: @entity1378 :: ('MESH:D006980', 'Disease') :: ['hyperthyroidism', 'hyperthyroid']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['complex disorder']

entities_list: @entity1374 :: ('MESH:D013959', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid disorders']

answer: @entity120 :: (MESH:D006976,Disease) :: ['Hyperthyroidism and pulmonary hypertension']


abstract: This study reviews a group of 80 consecutive displaced @entity1171 treated operatively and followed for an average of 3.2 years. @entity174 included bone or combined bone and @entity130 in which the @entity1613 was greater than or equal to 2 mm. The immediate postoperative roentgenograms were examined for several features, which included widening of the syndesmosis, fibular length, talo-crural angle, talar tilt, presence and size of a @entity174 , and an abnormality of the medial clear space. @entity1 were examined at follow-up per Cedell, and their clinical evaluations were correlated with the analysis of radiographic features and demographic data. Good to excellent results were seen in 80% of the cases. The radiographic factors most predictive of a poor outcome were abnormal medial clear space and the presence of a large (greater than 20%) @entity174 (p less than 0.05). Fibular shortening, talar tilt, and syndesmotic widening suggested a poor result, but these findings were not statistically significant. Multiple (two or more) radiographic abnormalities correlated with a poor prognosis. Conversely, a perfect radiographic result did not guarantee an excellent clinical outcome. Older @entity1 and those with a delay between injury and surgery greater than 7 days tended to have a poorer result.

title: Postoperative radiographs as predictors of clinical outcome in unstable XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['posterior malleolar fracture', 'Fractures']

entities_list: @entity1171 :: ('MESH:D064386', 'Disease') :: ['ankle fractures']

entities_list: @entity1613 :: ('MESH:D011230', 'Disease') :: ['initial talar displacement']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['ligamentous injuries']

answer: @entity1171 :: (MESH:D064386,Disease) :: ['ankle fractures']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the outcomes of the clinical application of three-dimensionally preformed @entity702 mesh plates for posttraumatic complex orbital @entity174 reconstruction. METHODS: Thirteen @entity1 (13 eyes) manifested with @entity8924 (including orbital-zygomatic-maxillary @entity174 in 6 @entity1 , @entity79 in 5 @entity1 and complex multiple periorbital @entity174 in other 2 @entity1 ) underwent the reconstructive surgery by using three-dimensionally preformed @entity702 mesh plates. Eight cases underwent high density porous @entity691 implantation simultaneously. Evaluation of enophthalmos, @entity717 , and orbit CT scan were taken pre- and post-operatively. RESULTS: The average enophthalmos was (3.9    1.7) mm and the position of the affected eyeball was (3.1    2.6) mm bellow the contralateral side preoperatively. Twelve @entity1 suffered from @entity717 restriction, including grade I in 4 cases, grade II in 7 cases and grade III in 2 cases. During the 3 to 6 months post operative follow-up, enophthalmos was completely corrected in 10 @entity1 while the other 3 @entity1 had residual 1.0 mm enophthalmos. The affected eyeballs were repositioned in 8 cases and 3 cases had residual 1 mm lower position and 2 cases with a 1 mm higher positioned eyeball. Eye movement was not restricted in 8 @entity1 , whereas 3 @entity1 had grade I movement restriction and 2 @entity1 had grade II movement restriction. There were no rejection, infection and other complications during follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Three-dimensionally preformed @entity702 mesh plates can be used to reconstruct @entity79 in order to improve the orbital volume and to correct enophthalmos effectively.

title: [Three-dimensionally preformed XXXX mesh plates for posttraumatic complex orbital @entity174 reconstruction].

entities_list: @entity691 :: ('MESH:D020959', 'Chemical') :: ['polyethylene']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['bone fracture']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['nasal-orbital-ethmoid bone fracture', 'posttraumatic complex orbital bone fractures']

entities_list: @entity8924 :: ('MESH:D009917', 'Disease') :: ['complex orbital fractures']

entities_list: @entity702 :: ('MESH:D014025', 'Chemical') :: ['titanium']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['eyeball movement']

answer: @entity702 :: (MESH:D014025,Chemical) :: ['titanium']


abstract: In @entity1 post @entity583 ( @entity583 ) at risk for fatal @entity943 , cardiac implantable devices offer a means of preventive therapy that complements optimal pharmacologic therapy. In @entity1 with @entity308 ejection fractions, prophylactic @entity737 ( @entity737 ) significantly improve survival. The efficacy of @entity737 in the primary prevention of @entity1164 in @entity1 @entity583 has been examined in a number of major primary prevention trials. These trials demonstrated as much benefit as some secondary prevention trials, which were conducted in high-risk @entity1 who already had a spontaneous sustained @entity1165 . In @entity1 who are candidates for an @entity1479 , best medical therapy for @entity1002 should be in place for some time before implanting. This waiting period could mean avoiding the implantation of a device in a @entity1 who would heal sufficiently with pharmacologic therapy alone. In New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III and IV, @entity1 with @entity712 , and QRS intervals > or = 120 ms, cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) in combination with a defibrillator is a valuable addition to optimal pharmacologic therapy. Recent studies have demonstrated improved survival with CRT as well as improved quality of life. The high cost of cardiac implantable devices has led the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services to impose strict indications for use. However, it is likely that indications will be broadened for @entity737 to include selected @entity1 with left ventricular ejection fraction up to 40%, compared with the current indication of < or = 30%. Implanted devices must be followed up appropriately, with periodic interrogation and program adjustment to reduce the risk for pacing-induced desynchronization and to optimize hemodynamic benefit.

title: Post XXXX , @entity1002 , and the expanding role of cardiac implantable electrical devices.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1164 :: ('MESH:D016757', 'Disease') :: ['sudden cardiac death']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressed']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular tachyarrhythmia']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity737 :: ('MESH:D057873', 'Disease') :: ['ICDs', 'implantable cardioverter defibrillators']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'MI', 'post MI']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular arrhythmias']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular dysfunction']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarction']


abstract: @entity6402 is a gram negative rod, having no fermentative activity on @entity413 . This organism was detected in the sputum, throat swab, or throat washing of 22 inpatients treated between January, 1990, and December, 1990, at the First Department of Internal Medicine, Kagawa Medical School. The primary diseases for which these 22 @entity1 were hospitalized were @entity1778 in 12, @entity706 in 5, @entity2 in 2, @entity2590 in 1, and @entity1358 in 1. Twelve of the 22 @entity1 had episodes of @entity55 which complied clinically with the diagnostic criteria provided to facilitate the National @entity580 Study. The complication of @entity55 occurred in 7 @entity1 with @entity1778 , 2 with @entity706 , 2 with @entity2 , and 1 with @entity2590 . In 10 of these 12 @entity1 , the organism was detected before the onset of @entity55 . All 22 @entity1 in whom the organism was demonstrated had received antibiotics. The antibiotics which was most frequently used to treat these @entity1 1 month before detection of @entity6402 were @entity4509 and @entity8933 , which were used in 13 @entity1 . Of the antibiotics in which the susceptibility to @entity6402 was, evaluated, @entity1214 was effective in 100% (21/21), @entity5505 in 50% (11/22), and @entity800 in 27.3% (6/22). Physicians should be especially aware of the possibility of colonization and nosocomial @entity1729 by @entity6402 in @entity1 with severe underlying diseases.

title: [Nosocomial XXXX caused by @entity6402 in immunocompromised hosts].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6402 :: ('292', 'Species') :: ['Pseudomonas cepacia']

entities_list: @entity1214 :: ('MESH:D008911', 'Chemical') :: ['minocycline']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['malignant lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity2590 :: ('MESH:D009190', 'Disease') :: ['myelodysplastic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity4509 :: ('MESH:D000583', 'Chemical') :: ['amikacin']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['embryonal cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity800 :: ('MESH:D015242', 'Chemical') :: ['ofloxacin']

entities_list: @entity1729 :: ('MESH:D012141', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory infection']

entities_list: @entity580 :: ('MESH:D003428', 'Disease') :: ['Nosocomial Infection']

entities_list: @entity8933 :: ('MESH:D015296', 'Chemical') :: ['ceftizoxime']

entities_list: @entity5505 :: ('MESH:D002442', 'Chemical') :: ['ceftazidime']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity1729 :: (MESH:D012141,Disease) :: ['respiratory infection']


abstract: AIM: To study the effect of superselective ophthalmic artery fibrinolysis as a treatment for central @entity2994 (CRVO). METHODS: Retrospective, university based single centre study. The charts of 26 eyes of 26 @entity1 treated were reviewed. Among the 26 @entity1 , there were nine cases of combined artery and @entity2994 , three cases of combined cilioretinal artery and CRVO, and 14 cases of classic CRVO. Complete preoperative and postoperative ophthalmological examination and @entity941 angiography were performed in all cases. The therapeutic procedure comprised the infusion of urokinase through a microcatheter into the ostium of the ophthalmic artery, via a femoral artery approach. The main outcome measure was the improvement in visual acuity 48 hours after the procedure. RESULTS: Six eyes of six @entity1 exhibited significant improvement in visual acuity immediately after the fibrinolysis procedure. Among them, four had a initial funduscopic appearance suggestive of combined occlusion of the central retinal artery (CRAO) and vein. For these @entity1 , the visual benefit was maintained in the long term. Intravitreal @entity548 occurred in two @entity1 . There were no extraocular complications linked to the procedure. CONCLUSIONS: Selective ophthalmic artery infusion of urokinase was followed by improvement in VA in six out of 26 cases of CRVO. Eyes with combined CRAO and CRVO with recent @entity227 appeared to be the most responsive. This treatment did not prevent the occurrence of ischaemia in the failure cases. The efficacy of in situ fibrinolysis for treatment of CRVO needs to be further evaluated in a controlled study.

title: Superselective ophthalmic artery fibrinolytic therapy for the treatment of central XXXX .

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual loss']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['haemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity2994 :: ('MESH:D012170', 'Disease') :: ['vein occlusion', 'retinal vein occlusion']

entities_list: @entity941 :: ('MESH:D019793', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorescein']

answer: @entity2994 :: (MESH:D012170,Disease) :: ['retinal vein occlusion']


abstract: PURPOSE: To examine whether complete @entity439 is a reliable marker for successful long-term endovascular @entity1028 ( @entity1028 ) repair. METHODS: The medical records, computed tomographic (CT) scans, and duplex examinations of all the @entity1 who underwent @entity1028 repair at a single institution and had at least 12 months of follow-up were reviewed. Sixty-seven @entity1 (58 @entity1 ; mean age 74 years, range 57-87) were identified. @entity439 was defined by the absence of an endoleak at any time before an adverse event. The primary endpoint included all major adverse events that occurred during the postoperative period, including @entity439 expansion, acute symptoms referable to the @entity1028 , late secondary procedures, @entity397 , and @entity204 from @entity397 and all other causes. RESULTS: There were 44 adverse events (8 expanding @entity439 , 4 acute symptoms, 17 secondary procedures, and 15 @entity204 from other causes) in 28 (42%) @entity1 . Among 36 (54%) @entity1 who had initial complete @entity439 (no endoleak), 12 (33%) experienced adverse events, compared with 16 (52%) events in 31 @entity1 who had endoleak (chi2 = 1.59, p = 0.21). CONCLUSIONS: There was no statistically significant difference in adverse events based on the presence or absence of endoleak. @entity439 as defined by absence of an endoleak does not indicate an event-free postoperative course. A better marker of clinical success of @entity1028 repair is needed.

title: Does complete XXXX ensure long-term success after endovascular repair?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms', 'aneurysm exclusion', 'Complete aneurysm exclusion', 'aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity397 :: ('MESH:D012421', 'Disease') :: ['ruptures']

entities_list: @entity1028 :: ('MESH:D017544', 'Disease') :: ['endovascular AAA', 'abdominal aortic aneurysm', 'AAA']

answer: @entity439 :: (MESH:D000783,Disease) :: ['aneurysm exclusion']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The role of video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) in @entity130 has yet to be established. Up to the time of this writing, reviews of thoracoscopy in @entity130 have been primarily descriptive rather than analytic. This article analyzes the results of thoracoscopy (nonvideo and VATS) in @entity130 . METHODS: Analysis was done by reviewing 28 nonoverlapping studies since the introduction of thoracoscopy in 1910, with a combined total of more than 500 @entity1 . RESULTS: Diagnostically, thoracoscopy has been used primarily to evaluate @entity130 , continued chest tube @entity548 , and suspected @entity299 . Thoracoscopy has a 98% (188/191 @entity1 ) accuracy rate in diagnosing @entity130 . Therapeutically, thoracoscopy has been used primarily to control chest tube @entity548 , evacuate retained hemothoraces, and evacuate @entity3509 . Thoracoscopy is 90% (89/99 @entity1 ) effective in evacuating retained hemothoraces, 86% (19/22 @entity1 ) effective in evacuating @entity3509 , and 82% (33/40 @entity1 ) effective in controlling chest tube @entity548 . Thoracoscopy benefits include preventing 62% (323/514) of @entity130 @entity1 from having a thoracotomy or laparotomy. Risks include a 2% (11/534 @entity1 ) procedure-related complication rate and a 0.8% (4/471 @entity1 ) missed injury rate. Technical failure rates are 10% (10/99 @entity1 ) and 4% (7/199 @entity1 ) in evacuation of retained hemothoraces and evaluation of @entity130 , respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Analysis suggests that thoracoscopy (nonvideo and VATS) can be applied safely and effectively in the care of the injured @entity1 .

title: Analysis of thoracoscopy in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac injury']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['diaphragmatic injury', 'diaphragmatic injuries', 'trauma']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['trauma']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND DESIGN: The @entity4754 D (hyper-IgD) syndrome is characterized by recurrent febrile attacks with abdominal distress, @entity10 , and @entity4841 . Physical examination reveals cervical @entity3329 in most cases and, sometimes, @entity381 . @entity272 have been observed in isolated cases during attacks. We summarize the features of @entity272 and the histopathologic findings in biopsy specimens in the @entity826 . RESULTS: A total of 44 @entity1 with the @entity826 were studied. Thirty-five (79%) of them, 19 males and 16 females, had @entity272 during febrile attacks. Erythematous macules were the most common cutaneous manifestation (15 cases), followed by erythematous papules (12 cases); @entity75 (nine cases) and erythematous nodules (seven cases). Skin biopsy specimens of 10 @entity1 with the @entity826 were available for review. The findings varied considerably. Most biopsy specimens showed mild features of @entity1333 . Nonspecific findings were noted in five biopsy specimens; Sweet-like features in two, @entity2688 -like findings in one, and deep @entity1333 characteristics in one. CONCLUSIONS: @entity272 are common in the @entity826 suggesting that they are a true manifestation of the disease.

title: Cutaneous manifestations and histologic findings in the XXXX D syndrome. International Hyper IgD Study Group.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3329 :: ('MESH:D008206', 'Disease') :: ['lymphadenopathy']

entities_list: @entity826 :: ('MESH:D054078', 'Disease') :: ['hyper-IgD syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1333 :: ('MESH:D014657', 'Disease') :: ['vasculitis']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['urticarial lesions']

entities_list: @entity2688 :: ('MESH:D002481', 'Disease') :: ['cellulitis']

entities_list: @entity381 :: ('MESH:D013163', 'Disease') :: ['splenomegaly']

entities_list: @entity4754 :: ('MESH:D006942', 'Disease') :: ['hyperimmunoglobulinemia']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['Skin lesions', 'skin lesions']

entities_list: @entity4841 :: ('MESH:D018771', 'Disease') :: ['arthralgias']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

answer: @entity4754 :: (MESH:D006942,Disease) :: ['hyperimmunoglobulinemia']


abstract: Forty consecutive @entity1 with 19 @entity174 and 21 @entity174 in the lower cervical spine were treated prospectively with open reduction and interbody fusion, using the AO @entity702 locking screw-plate system. There were 30 @entity1 and 10 @entity1 with a mean age of 36 years (range 16-90 years). Eight were admitted tetraplegic, 12 tetraparetic, and 6 had nerve root injuries. Eleven of the @entity174 and 18 of the @entity174 were also plated posteriorly. Complications included two cardiac arrests, two transient @entity16 , two severe @entity360 , and one @entity1727 . At 2-year follow-up, three @entity1 had died and one had emigrated. Three out of ten @entity1 who had complete motor loss initially had regained useful muscle function, while incomplete motor loss usually returned to normal. All fusions had healed in a good or acceptable position. Twenty-four of the 60 posterior plates impinged on facet joints and five were loose. Six screws transgressed facet joints below the fusion. Ten posterior fusions extended to adjacent mobile segments by exuberant @entity8032 . Ancillary posterior plating significantly reduced the range of neck mobility and also caused significantly more @entity158 than anterior plate fixation alone.

title: Locking screw-plate fixation of cervical spine XXXX with and without ancillary posterior plating.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'fracture-dislocations']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological impairments']

entities_list: @entity1727 :: ('MESH:D004937', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal fistula']

entities_list: @entity702 :: ('MESH:D014025', 'Chemical') :: ['titanium']

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal bleedings']

entities_list: @entity8032 :: ('MESH:D019214', 'Disease') :: ['bony overgrowth']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['fractures']


abstract: An elevated rate of @entity413 consumption and the dependency on aerobic glycolysis for @entity855 generation have long been observed in @entity5 cells, a phenomenon known as the Warburg effect. the altered energy metabolism in @entity5 cells provides an attractive opportunity for developing novel @entity5 therapeutic strategies. @entity880 dehydrogenase (LDH), which catalyzes the transformation of @entity2388 to @entity880 , plays a vital role in the process of glycolysis. It has been reported that the level of @entity3343 expression is increased both in @entity135 cells and in the blood serum of @entity189 ( @entity189 ) @entity1 , and is associated with poor prognosis. However, the effect of @entity3343 inhibition on @entity189 cells remains unknown. Here, in the present study, we found that @entity23496 , a classical inhibitor of @entity3343 , suppressed cell proliferation in a dose- and time-dependent manner both in CNE-1 and CNE-2 cells, two @entity5 cell lines. LDH inhibition by @entity23496 induced G2/M cell cycle arrest via downregulation of the @entity10610 / @entity8189 pathway and promoted apoptosis through enhancement of mitochondrial ROS generation. @entity898 , a specific scavenger of ROS, significantly blocked the growth inhibition effect induced by @entity23496 . We also identified that @entity23496 increased sensitivity to ionizing radiation in the two @entity5 cell lines. Furthermore, we verified similar results in @entity5 xenograft models. collectively, these results suggest that @entity3343 may serve as a promising therapeutic target for @entity189 treatment.

title: Inhibition of @entity3343 by @entity23496 induces G2/M arrest, apoptosis and increases radiosensitivity in XXXX cells.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['NPC cancer', 'tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['nasopharyngeal carcinoma', 'NPC']

entities_list: @entity898 :: ('MESH:D000111', 'Chemical') :: ['N-acetylcysteine']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate', 'Lactate']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity2388 :: ('MESH:D019289', 'Chemical') :: ['pyruvate']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['nasopharyngeal carcinoma']


abstract: A case of @entity4407 ( @entity4407 ) associated with subdural @entity1410 and postoperative @entity1779 was reported. A 57-year-old @entity1 had complained @entity10 in the morning. Six hours later he was found unconsciousness and soon he was brought to our hospital. On admission he was @entity772 . There was no evidences of @entity542 and the X-rays were normal. A computed tomography (CT) scan revealed an @entity6477 over the left temporoparietal region. Laboratory data revealed @entity1148 of 85.7 x 10(4)/mm3 with increased red and white blood cell counts. Emergent right craniotomy was performed and a subdural clot was evacuated. Neither @entity16 nor @entity1462 were seen on the cortical surface. But a spurting cortical artery with a pin-hole could be seen. A postoperative CT scan revealed an @entity1779 deep in the right hemisphere. Cerebral angiograms revealed no @entity455 . Postoperatively, the platelet count remained high and laboratory data including bone marrow finding, neutrophil alkali-phosphatase score and chromosome analysis were consistent with the diagnosis of @entity4407 . The mechanisms of subdural @entity1410 formation and postoperative @entity1779 associated with @entity4407 were discussed.

title: [Essential @entity1148 associated with subdural XXXX and postoperative @entity1779 --a case report].

entities_list: @entity1148 :: ('MESH:D013922', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytosis']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular anomalies']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['cortical damage']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['head injury']

entities_list: @entity772 :: ('MESH:D003128', 'Disease') :: ['comatose']

entities_list: @entity6477 :: ('MESH:D020199', 'Disease') :: ['acute subdural hematoma']

entities_list: @entity4407 :: ('MESH:D013920', 'Disease') :: ['ET', 'essential thrombocythemia']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['intracerebral hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity1462 :: ('MESH:D054079', 'Disease') :: ['vascular malformations']

answer: @entity1410 :: (MESH:D006406,Disease) :: ['hematoma']


abstract: Twelve @entity1 with severe @entity548 ( @entity548 ) underwent intraventricular thrombolysis with recombinant @entity1456 (rtPA). External ventricular drainage was performed in all @entity1 within 24 hours of @entity548 . Fibrinolytic therapy was started within 24 hours from the onset of symptoms in ten cases, and in two further cases after 48 hours and 5 days, respectively. Two to 5 mg of rtPA were injected via the ventricular catheter into one or both lateral ventricles. The injection was repeated at intervals ranging from 6 to 24 hours until CT scans demonstrated a substantial reduction of intraventricular blood. The total rtPA doses per @entity1 ranged from 3 to 31 mg. CT scans showed a marked reduction of intraventricular blood and normalization of ventricular size within 24 to 48 hours from the beginning of the fibrinolytic therapy. Rapid reduction of @entity428 by continuous diversion of cerebrospinal fluid could be achieved in all @entity1 , because the ventricular catheters never became obstructed by clotted blood during the fibrinolytic therapy. During the period of treatment, the level of consciousness, as classified according to the Glasgow @entity772 Scale, improved from a mean value of 7 to 12. One fatal case of @entity693 most probably due to the ventriculostomy was the only complication related to the treatment. This method of treatment might improve the prognosis in @entity1 in whom a large intraventricular haematoma volume, @entity2554 , and impaired cerebrospinal fluid circulation are major determinants for the outcome.

title: Effect of recombinant @entity1456 on clot lysis and @entity2554 in the treatment of severe XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['haemorrhage', 'IVH', 'intraventricular haemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity428 :: ('MESH:D019586', 'Disease') :: ['elevated intracranial pressure']

entities_list: @entity1456 :: ('100128998', 'Gene') :: ['tissue plasminogen activator']

entities_list: @entity693 :: ('MESH:D008581', 'Disease') :: ['meningitis']

entities_list: @entity2554 :: ('MESH:C563906', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular dilatation']

answer: @entity548 :: (MESH:D006470,Disease) :: ['intraventricular haemorrhage']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although globally, the number of notified @entity1906 cases is higher for males, a few countries in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (Afghanistan; Lebanon; Iran and Pakistan) of the World Health Organization have a relatively higher number of female cases. Pakistan ranks fifth amongst the highest @entity1906 burden countries and poses a rich ground for exploratory research to address the gender differences in @entity1906 cases. It is uniquely neighboured by India on the East, having higher number of cases in males than in females, and by Afghanistan and Iran on the West, having higher number of cases in females than in males. The objective is to see whether these gender differences are evenly distributed across the country or vary by geographies, to enable effective targeting of @entity1906 control strategies. METHODS: Cross-sectional analysis was carried out on secondary data, obtained from National @entity378 Program. Disaggregated at the provincial level, the sex-specific case notification rates (CNR) were calculated and trends over a 10-year span (2001-2010) were examined. Sex-specific differences for the four Pakistani provinces were analyzed using chi-square test and odds ratios with corresponding confidence intervals. Cumulative countrywide sex-specific notification rates were used as the reference group. RESULTS: The trends for 2001-2010 in the western provinces of Pakistan show higher female CNR as compared to those seen in the eastern provinces having slightly higher male CNR. The proportions of female notified @entity1906 cases are approximately twice as high in the western provinces when compared to the eastern provinces and Pakistan over all. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that females are particularly affected by @entity66 burden in the west parts of Pakistan. This gender disparity requires a coordinated regional and international effort to further explore triggers and moderators of increased acquisition and progression of @entity66 among females in the region to guarantee effective @entity1906 control.

title: Gender disparity in XXXX cases in eastern and western provinces of Pakistan.

entities_list: @entity378 :: ('MESH:D014376', 'Disease') :: ['Tuberculosis']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['TB disease']

answer: @entity378 :: (MESH:D014376,Disease) :: ['tuberculosis']


abstract: @entity417 has a relatively low incidence of the subsequent development of @entity3052 and a relatively long survival among the @entity2590 ( @entity2590 ). We observed hematological improvement due to high-dose @entity1667 in 9 of 18 @entity1 with @entity417 . The @entity1 ' age range was from 28 to 78 years old (mean age: 54), including 14 male and 4 females. A complete response was obtained in 5 @entity1 , minimal response in 4 @entity1 , and no response in 9 @entity1 . Laboratory data of peripheral blood counts and differential counts of bone marrow aspirates were not different, except that fewer @entity2008 (P = 0.086) were observed in the responder group. Side effects were seen in two @entity1 but were controllable. Overall survival was significantly longer in the responder group (Log-rank P = 0.040, Wilcoxon P = 0.045). The overall survival of responders did not reach the median and 85% of the @entity1 were alive after 180 months, while the median overall survival of the nonresponders was 61.8 months. Disease progression was more frequently seen in the non-responder group (P = 0.045). Furthermore, we investigated retrospectively immunohistochemical bone marrow staining, and a significantly higher percentage of @entity469 -positive (22.6% +/- 7.1%) and CD45RA-positive cells was observed in the responder group compared to the non-responder group (6.5% +/- 1.3%). Our present results indicate that high-dose @entity1667 is valuable as a primary treatment before other immunosuppressive treatments, because of its ease of use. High efficacy with high-dose @entity1667 is expected, especially in @entity1 in which increments in @entity469 -positive cells in bone marrow are observed.

title: Successful treatment of XXXX by high-dose @entity1667 associated with an increment in @entity469 -positive cells in bone marrow.

entities_list: @entity1667 :: ('MESH:D008775', 'Chemical') :: ['methylprednisolone']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity417 :: ('MESH:D000740', 'Disease') :: ['Refractory anemia', 'refractory anemia']

entities_list: @entity2590 :: ('MESH:D009190', 'Disease') :: ['myelodysplastic syndromes', 'MDS']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute leukemia']

entities_list: @entity2008 :: ('MESH:D002869', 'Disease') :: ['chromosomal abnormalities']

answer: @entity417 :: (MESH:D000740,Disease) :: ['refractory anemia']


abstract: PURPOSE: The optimal method of bladder management in the spinal cord injured population remains controversial. We determined the significance of bladder management and other factors on renal function in this population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records and upper tract imaging studies of 308 @entity1 with a mean followup of 18.7 years since injury. Renal function was assessed by serum @entity1011 , @entity1011 clearance and @entity644 measurement, and by @entity4681 on renal ultrasound and nuclear medicine renal scan. Independent variables evaluated for an influence on renal function included @entity1 age, interval since injury, injury level and completeness, @entity3025 , history of @entity6 and bladder management method. RESULTS: Mean serum @entity1011 plus or minus standard deviation in @entity1 on chronic Foley catheterization, clean intermittent catheterization and spontaneous voiding was 1.08 +/- 0.99, 0.84 +/- 0.23 and 0.97 +/- 0.45 mg./dl. (analysis of variance p = 0.05, Student's t test p = 0.10), and mean @entity1011 clearance was 91.1 +/- 46.5, 113.4 +/- 39.8 and 115 +/- 49 ml. per minute, respectively (analysis of variance and Student's t test p <0.01), respectively. @entity644 was present in 19 @entity1 (6.2%) in the Foley catheterization, 3 (1%) in the clean intermittent catheterization and 4 (1.3%) in the spontaneous voiding group (chi-square test p <0.01), while there were @entity4681 in 56 (18.2%), 20 (6.5%) and 24 (7.8%) @entity1 , respectively (chi-square test p <0.01). Multiple regression analyses revealed no significant predictors of serum @entity1011 , although older @entity1 age and Foley catheterization significantly predicted low @entity1011 clearance. Additional logistic regression analyses showed that Foley catheterization was associated with @entity644 and @entity3025 was associated with @entity4681 . CONCLUSIONS: While renal function may be preserved by all forms of bladder management, chronic indwelling catheters may contribute to @entity177 .

title: Influences on renal function in chronic spinal cord injured XXXX .

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['Proteinuria', 'proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity4681 :: ('MESH:D016472', 'Disease') :: ['upper tract abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity3025 :: ('MESH:D014718', 'Disease') :: ['vesicoureteral reflux']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal deterioration']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Leridistim is a member of a novel family of engineered chimeric cytokines, myelopoietins, that contain agonists of both @entity2772 ( @entity2772 ) receptors ( @entity9988 ) and @entity1261 ( @entity1261 ) receptors ( @entity10735 ). To more clearly understand Leridistim's function at the molecular level, binding to both @entity9988 and @entity10735 and subsequent signaling characteristics have been delineated. The affinity of Leridistim for the @entity1 @entity10735 was found to be comparable to that of native @entity1261 (IC(50) = 0.96 nM and 1.0 nM, respectively). Both Leridistim and @entity1261 induced receptor @entity669 phosphorylation to a similar maximal level. Compared with native recombinant @entity1 @entity2772 (rhIL-3), Leridistim was found to possess higher affinity for the @entity9988 chain ( @entity9988 ) (IC(50) = 85 nM and 162 nM, respectively). However, the increase in Leridistim binding affinity to the functional, high-affinity heterodimeric IL-3Ralphabeta(c) receptor is lower than that observed with rhIL-3 (85 nM and 14 nM vs 162 nM and 3.5 nM, respectively). Leridistim induced @entity669 phosphorylation of beta(c) to a level comparable to native @entity2772 , and the level of @entity4016 @entity669 phosphorylation in cells expressing both @entity9988 and @entity10735 was comparable to that observed with @entity2772 or @entity1261 alone. The ability of Leridistim to interact with @entity9988 and @entity10735 simultaneously was demonstrated using surface plasmon resonance analysis. These studies were extended to demonstrate that Leridistim exhibited a higher affinity for the @entity9988 on cells that express both the IL-3Ralphabeta(c) and the @entity10735 (IC(50) = 2 nM) compared with cells that contain the IL-3Ralphabeta(c) alone (IC(50) = 14 nM). Leridistim binds to both @entity9988 and @entity10735 simultaneously and has been shown to activate both receptors. The bivalent avidity may explain the unique biologic effects and unexpected potency of Leridistim in hematopoietic cells compared with rhIL-3 or @entity1261 alone or in combination.

title: Bivalent binding and signaling characteristics of Leridistim, a novel chimeric dual agonist of @entity2772 and XXXX receptors.

entities_list: @entity1261 :: ('1440', 'Gene') :: ['G-CSF', 'granulocyte colony-stimulating factor']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

answer: @entity1261 :: (1440,Gene) :: ['granulocyte colony-stimulating factor']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the risk of @entity8052 following primary (first) elective or primary emergency caesarean section in a pregnancy complicated by @entity5030 . DESIGN: Retrospective matched case-control study, employing variable matching. SETTING: Tertiary referral centre between 1993 and 2008. POPULATION: Sixty-five cases and 102 controls were used for the analysis from a total of 82  667 births during the study period. METHODS: Relevant data were abstracted from clinical records. Matching of cases with controls was based on co-existing @entity5030 , number of previous caesarean sections, and age, with one or two controls per case. Results are presented as odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Placenta accreta in a pregnancy complicated by @entity5030 following a primary elective or emergency caesarean section, and morbidity associated with pregnancies complicated by @entity8052 . RESULTS: Significantly more cases than controls had an elective caesarean section for their primary caesarean delivery (46.2 versus 18.6%; P  <  0.001). There were no differences between groups for previous @entity393 , uterine surgery, and vaginal delivery, before or after the primary caesarean section. Compared with primary emergency caesarean section, primary elective caesarean section significantly increased the risk of @entity8052 in a subsequent pregnancy in the presence of @entity5030 (OR 3.00; 95% CI 1.47-6.12; P  =  0.025). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that @entity1 with a primary elective caesarean section without labour are more likely, compared with those undergoing primary emergency caesarean section with labour, to develop an accreta in a subsequent pregnancy with @entity5030 .

title: The risk of XXXX following primary elective caesarean delivery: a case-control study.

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['pregnancy loss']

entities_list: @entity5030 :: ('MESH:D010923', 'Disease') :: ['placenta praevia']

entities_list: @entity8052 :: ('MESH:D010921', 'Disease') :: ['placenta praevia accreta', 'placenta accreta']

answer: @entity8052 :: (MESH:D010921,Disease) :: ['placenta accreta']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To analyze the history of relapses in idiopathic @entity10516 (IGM) and to define an appropriate therapeutic strategy. The duration and number of relapses are unpredictable, and the roles of surgery and corticosteroids remain controversial. STUDY DESIGN: A series of 14 @entity1 with IGM and a mean follow-up of 61.5    73 ( @entity168 ) months were retrospectively studied in the Gynecology Unit (Hotel Dieu Hospital, Paris, France). Main outcome measure was number of relapses per year before and following corticosteroid therapy. Comparison of the two groups was performed with matched t-test. RESULTS: A total of 125 episodes were analyzed. Before @entity134 treatment, 60 recurrences occurred, corresponding to a mean of 4.03    4.22 ( @entity168 ) relapses per year. After the first treatment with @entity229 , @entity1 experienced 47 relapses, representing a mean of 1.11    1.27 ( @entity168 ) relapses per year (p = 0.0371). CONCLUSIONS: Medical treatment with @entity134 reduces the duration and number of episodes. It also prevents the need for invasive breast surgery.

title: Management of XXXX : a series of 14 @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity10516 :: ('MESH:D058890', 'Disease') :: ['granulomatous mastitis']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

answer: @entity10516 :: (MESH:D058890,Disease) :: ['granulomatous mastitis']


abstract: The concepts of serous @entity693 , pseudotumour cerebri, @entity101 meningeal state and otitic @entity1276 have not been considered historically as synonyms nor can they be superimposed on what is currently known as @entity5576 ( @entity5576 ). @entity5576 is a syndrome of @entity428 with no clinical, radiological or analytical evidence for the existence of focal or general @entity16 or @entity1276 , and which has a self-limiting "benign" development. At present, the diagnostic criteria usually accepted are: 1. Symptoms and signs of @entity428 . 2. Absence of focal @entity16 and signs. 3. Absence of radiologically verified @entity75 . 4. C.S.F. of normal composition and high pressure. The requirement of other criteria for the diagnosis of @entity5576 , such as angiography, to eliminate the possibility of @entity49 , or continuous monitoring of C.S.F. pressure, is controversial.

title: [Historical and current concept of benign XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['hydrocephalus']

entities_list: @entity428 :: ('MESH:D019586', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial hypertension']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral lesion']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological symptoms', 'neurological lesions']

entities_list: @entity49 :: ('MESH:D019851', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis of venous sinuses']

entities_list: @entity693 :: ('MESH:D008581', 'Disease') :: ['meningitis']

entities_list: @entity5576 :: ('MESH:D011559', 'Disease') :: ['Benign Intracranial Hypertension', 'BIH']

answer: @entity428 :: (MESH:D019586,Disease) :: ['intracranial hypertension']


abstract: More than fifteen years ago it was discovered that intramyocellular @entity412 (imcTG) content in skeletal muscle is abnormally high in conditions of lipid oversupply (e.g. high fat feeding) and, later, @entity28 , @entity2175 ( @entity2175 ) and other metabolic conditions. This imcTG excess is robustly associated with muscle @entity2690 resistance (MIR). However, to date the pathways responsible for the imcTG excess and the mechanisms underlying the imcTG-MIR correlation remain unclear. A current hypothesis is based on a backward mechanism that impaired @entity844 oxidation by skeletal muscle causes imcTG to accumulate. As such, imcTG excess is considered a marker but not a player in MIR. However, recent results from kinetic studies indicated that imcTG pool in high fat-induced @entity28 (HFO) model is kinetically dynamic. On one hand, imcTG synthesis is accelerated and contributes to imcTG accumulation. On the other, the turnover of imcTG is also accelerated. A hyperdynamic imcTG pool can impose dual adverse effects on @entity413 metabolism in skeletal muscle. It increases the release and thus the availability of @entity1718 in myocytes that may promote @entity844 oxidation and suppress @entity413 utilization. Meanwhile, it releases abundant @entity844 products (e.g. @entity2366 , @entity9932 ) that impair @entity2690 actions via signal transduction, thereby causing MIR. Thus, intramyocellular @entity1718 and their products released from imcTG appear to function as a link to MIR. Accordingly, a forward mechanism is proposed that explains the imcTG-MIR correlation.

title: Intramyocellular lipid kinetics and XXXX resistance.

entities_list: @entity2175 :: ('MESH:D003924', 'Disease') :: ['type 2 diabetes', 'T2D']

entities_list: @entity2366 :: ('CHEBI:41847', 'Chemical') :: ['diacylglycerol']

entities_list: @entity844 :: ('CHEBI:35366', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity9932 :: ('MESH:D002518', 'Chemical') :: ['ceramides']

answer: @entity2690 :: (3630,Gene) :: ['insulin']


abstract: Twenty @entity1 with @entity43 were analysed. The @entity5 in 9 @entity1 were serous and in 11 @entity1 mucinous in nature type. 15 cases were classified as of stage I, 3 cases of stage II and 2 cases of stage III, according to the FIGO staging. All pathologic slides were re-reviewed to confirm the diagnosis and no @entity1 were lost to follow-up. Total hysterectomy and unilateral or bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy were done in 12 @entity1 , among whom, 2 died of @entity5 recurrences. Unilateral adnexectomy was done in 8 @entity1 , and none died of @entity5 recurrence. Fourteen @entity1 received post operative chemotherapy 1-8 courses with PAC regimen, 12 @entity1 were alive up to the present. Six @entity1 did not receive chemotherapy and among these 3 with stage Ia were alive and 1 with stage Ib died of @entity5 recurrences. The survival rate of stage I was 92.3%. Our results indicated that the prognosis was closely related to clinical staging. We suggested that @entity1 of stage I who wish to preserve childbearing function may be treated with unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, and chemotherapy should be given to the @entity1 with high risk factors. Because of the indolent nature of these @entity5 , long-term follow-up at least 10 years is necessary.

title: [The treatment of XXXX and its prognosis].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian borderline epithelial tumors']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['borderline ovarian tumors']


abstract: Bone marrow involvement was seen in 11 percent of @entity1 with @entity978 which was determined from pre-treatment biopsy specimens using established histopathologic criteria. Analysis of 32 evaluable @entity1 with marrow involvement showed male preponderance with a peak in fourth decade of life. Twenty four cases (75%) had @entity1109 (46%) presented within six months of onset of symptoms. On categorizing for clinical staging, 21 (65%) belonged to stage III and IV. @entity382 (greater than or equal to 2 cms) was present in seven cases (21%) and @entity381 in 13 cases (40%). Mixed cellularity and lymphocytic depletion histopathologic subtypes showed the highest frequency of involvement (21 cases; 65%). Out of 28 cases ESR was raised in 27 cases (96%). Eighteen cases (56%) showed elevated serum alkaline phosphatase levels. Serum @entity920 levels were determined in 14 cases, out of which 12 (85%) showed elevated levels. These parameters along with @entity417 (hemoglobin of 12 g/dl or less) in 26 cases (81%), correlated well with the disease activity. Only four cases had @entity1431 at presentation pointing to no hindrance for @entity146 chemotherapy. All cases received minimum of six courses of standard combination chemotherapy with or without local radiotherapy. Sixteen cases (50%) relapsed subsequently and were managed accordingly. A five year follow-up revealed a minimal 31 percent overall survival, and 18 percent of @entity1 were disease free and well since the time of treatment.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: XXXX with bone marrow involvement.

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['B-symptoms and 15']

entities_list: @entity381 :: ('MESH:D013163', 'Disease') :: ['splenomegaly']

entities_list: @entity1431 :: ('MESH:D007970', 'Disease') :: ['leukopenia']

entities_list: @entity382 :: ('MESH:D006529', 'Disease') :: ['Hepatomegaly']

entities_list: @entity978 :: ('MESH:D006689', 'Disease') :: ["Hodgkin's Disease"]

answer: @entity978 :: (MESH:D006689,Disease) :: ['Hodgkin's disease']


abstract: The negative chronotropic effect of @entity934 ( @entity1617 ) on the sinoatrial node fades in the continuous presence of @entity1617 as a result of desensitization. We have investigated the mechanism underlying desensitization in single @entity95 sinoatrial node cells using the whole cell patch clamp technique. The negative chronotropic effect resulting from the injection of a constant hyperpolarizing current faded. @entity1617 activated an inwardly rectifying @entity972 current (iK, @entity1617 ), which faded in the continuous presence of @entity1617 . @entity1617 had no effect on "basal" L-type @entity460 current (iCa), but @entity1617 decreased iCa, which had been potentiated by @entity3044 . This effect did not fade during a 2-min exposure to @entity1617 . @entity1617 decreased the hyperpolarization-activated current (i(f)). This effect again did not fade. These results suggest that desensitization of the negative chronotropic response to @entity1617 is, in part, the result of the membrane hyperpolarization and, in part, the result of the fade of iK, @entity1617 . These results also suggest that, whereas the activation of @entity972 current by @entity1617 rapidly fades, the effects resulting from the inhibition of @entity1920 cyclase do not.

title: Desensitization to @entity934 in single sinoatrial node cells isolated from XXXX hearts.

entities_list: @entity1920 :: ('CHEBI:16027', 'Chemical') :: ['adenylate']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

entities_list: @entity3044 :: ('MESH:D007545', 'Chemical') :: ['isoprenaline']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity95 :: (9986,Species) :: ['rabbit']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aims of this study were to determine the presence of @entity3561 ( @entity3561 ) expression in biliary epithelial cells (BECs) of @entity2132 ( @entity2132 ) of the liver after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation, to compare such expression in @entity409 ( @entity409 ) with/without predominantly @entity253 , and to assess the effect of @entity1157 on the degree of @entity3561 expression in BECs of @entity2132 . METHODS: A total of 82 @entity982 -embedded liver biopsy samples were reviewed. These samples were basically divided into two distinct groups according to the presence of @entity130 : group 1 with @entity409 and predominantly @entity253 (n=26: 17 @entity2132 and 9 @entity2835 [ @entity2835 ]) and group 2 with @entity409 and predominantly @entity409 (n=56: 20 @entity1560 and 36 chronic @entity99 ). Group 2 was used as the controls. Immunohistochemistry was performed using a polyclonal anti- @entity3561 antibody. Real-time quantitative PCR was used for the detection of @entity3561 mRNA expression. RESULTS: Positive @entity3561 immunohistochemical staining and the presence of @entity3561 messenger RNA gene expression was demonstrably higher in group 1 than that in group 2 (P<0.0001 and P<0.05, respectively). No significant difference in terms of positive @entity3561 stained BECs between GVHD and @entity2835 samples was observed (P>0.05). The extent of @entity3561 expression in GVHD samples with severe @entity130 were significantly more common than that of GVHD samples with mild/moderate @entity130 (P<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: The expression of @entity3561 in @entity2132 of the liver is increased in response to bile duct damage and repair. Such expression seems to be related the severity of @entity130 .

title: Trefoil factor expression in biliary epithelium of XXXX of the liver after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation.

entities_list: @entity2835 :: ('MESH:D008105', 'Disease') :: ['PBC', 'primary biliary cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity1560 :: ('MESH:D005234', 'Disease') :: ['steatohepatitis']

entities_list: @entity1157 :: ('MESH:D001649', 'Disease') :: ['bile duct injury']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['CLD', 'chronic liver diseases', 'parenchymal liver disease']

entities_list: @entity3561 :: ('7033', 'Gene') :: ['TFF3', 'trefoil factor family-3']

entities_list: @entity2132 :: ('MESH:D006086', 'Disease') :: ['cGVHD', 'chronic graft-versus-host disease']

entities_list: @entity982 :: ('MESH:D010232', 'Chemical') :: ['paraffin']

entities_list: @entity253 :: ('MESH:D001660', 'Disease') :: ['biliary disease']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['viral hepatitis']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['ductal injury']

answer: @entity2132 :: (MESH:D006086,Disease) :: ['graft-versus-host disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Lymph node spread is the most common pattern of progression in @entity1086 ( @entity1086 ) and is a prognostic factor. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of lymph node @entity3 in @entity1 with resected advanced @entity1086 , and to evaluate the curative effects of radical surgery for @entity1 with lymph node @entity3 . METHODS: One hundred and eleven consecutive @entity1 who had undergone radical surgery for @entity1086 were included in this study. The pattern of lymph node @entity3 was examined histopathologically, using the TNM staging of the American Joint Committee on @entity5 . RESULTS: There was no neurovascular invasion or lymph node involvement in 15 @entity1 with pT1 @entity5 . Sixty of 96 @entity1 with pT2-4 @entity5 had lymph node @entity3 . The pericholedochal lymph node was the most common metastatic lymph node, followed by the cystic lymph node. The frequency of @entity3 in retroportal, posterosuperior pancreaticoduodenal, and interaorticocaval lymph nodes was >15% in all cases. pT3-4 @entity5 had significantly more lymph node involvement (79%) and significantly higher N2:N1 ratios (2.5) than pT2 @entity5 (46% and 0.6, respectively). There was no difference in 5-year survival between N0 and N1 groups in pT2-4 @entity5 (66% in N0 and 53% in N1). @entity1 with @entity66 had a significantly worse prognosis, but 4 @entity1 survived >5 years. CONCLUSIONS: The cystic and pericholedochal lymph nodes are the initial site of spread from @entity1086 . The frequency of lymph node involvement is strongly influenced by the depth of invasion of the @entity5 . @entity1086 limited to such lymph node @entity3 can be cured by surgery in >50% of such cases.

title: Lymph node spread from XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['N2 disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['primary tumor', 'Cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'metastases']

entities_list: @entity1086 :: ('MESH:D005706', 'Disease') :: ['GBC', 'gallbladder carcinoma']

answer: @entity1086 :: (MESH:D005706,Disease) :: ['carcinoma of the gallbladder']


abstract: Although @entity7463 is defined by its @entity2003 , @entity7463 and falls, @entity73 are an important determinant of @entity1 ' and carers' quality of life. Here, we investigate whether there is a broad deficit of modality-independent social cognition in @entity7463 and explore the neural correlates for these. We recruited 23 @entity1 with @entity7463 (using clinical diagnostic criteria, nine with subsequent pathological confirmation) and 22 age- and education-matched controls. @entity1 performed an auditory (voice) emotion recognition test, and a @entity227 of mind test. Twenty-two @entity1 and 20 controls underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging to analyse neural correlates of @entity73 using voxel-based morphometry. @entity1 were @entity73 recognition and theory of mind tests but not auditory and @entity227 . Grey matter @entity194 in @entity1 correlated with both @entity1740 recognition and theory of mind @entity75 , a region associated with prosodic auditory emotion recognition. Theory of mind deficits also correlated with @entity194 of the anterior rostral medial frontal cortex, a region associated with theory of mind in health. We conclude that @entity1 with @entity7463 have a multimodal @entity73 . This deficit is due, in part, to progressive @entity194 in a network of frontal cortical regions linked to the integration of socially relevant stimuli and interpretation of their social meaning. This @entity73 is important to consider for those managing and caring for @entity1 with @entity7463 .

title: XXXX and their neural correlates in @entity7463 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual control conditions', 'visual and auditory theory']

entities_list: @entity2003 :: ('MESH:D009127', 'Disease') :: ['akinetic rigidity']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['deficits in the right inferior frontal gyrus']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['impaired on the voice emotion', 'deficit in social cognition', 'social cognition deficits', 'impairment of social cognition', 'cognitive impairments']

entities_list: @entity7463 :: ('MESH:D013494', 'Disease') :: ['vertical supranuclear gaze palsy', 'progressive supranuclear palsy']

entities_list: @entity1740 :: ('MESH:D014832', 'Disease') :: ['voice emotion']

answer: @entity73 :: (MESH:D003072,Disease) :: ['Social cognitive deficits']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Complete @entity5 resection is the optimal treatment of @entity4617 . Anatomic accessibility and proximity to vital structures complicates resection of @entity5 involving the left heart. The results of standard resection and resection with orthotopic heart transplantation are dismal. We, therefore, reviewed our series of @entity1 with complex left-sided primary @entity4617 who underwent @entity5 resection with cardiac autotransplantation. METHODS: Since April 1998, 11 consecutive @entity1 with complex left atrial or left ventricular intracavitary @entity4617 underwent 12 resections using cardiac autotransplantation-cardiac explantation, ex vivo @entity5 resection with cardiac reconstruction, and cardiac reimplantation. Demographics, @entity5 histology, operative data, and mortality were analyzed. Follow-up was complete in all @entity1 . RESULTS: Complete resection by cardiac autotransplantation was used in 7 @entity1 with left @entity242 , 1 @entity1 with left @entity67 , 2 @entity1 with left @entity955 , and 1 @entity1 with a complex giant left @entity4615 . Eight @entity1 had previous resection of their @entity4617 , and 1 @entity1 had a repeat autotransplantation for recurrent disease. There were no operative deaths. Median overall survival was 18.5 months in @entity1 with @entity242 . All @entity1 with @entity5 are alive without evidence of recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: Cardiac autotransplantation is a feasible technique for resection of complex left-sided @entity4617 . @entity66 after previous resections can be safely treated with this technique. Operative mortality and overall survival seems favorable in this series of @entity1 . Benefits of this technique include improved accessibility and ability to perform a complete @entity5 resection with reliable cardiac reconstruction.

title: Cardiac autotransplantation for primary XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['Recurrent disease']

entities_list: @entity242 :: ('MESH:D012509', 'Disease') :: ['atrial sarcoma', 'sarcomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'benign tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity4617 :: ('MESH:D006338', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac tumor', 'cardiac tumors']

entities_list: @entity4615 :: ('MESH:C538262', 'Disease') :: ['atrial myxoma']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial paraganglioma']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular sarcoma']

answer: @entity4617 :: (MESH:D006338,Disease) :: ['cardiac tumors']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The present study aimed to (i) evaluate the association between insight and measures of executive functions and working memory in a sample of 132 @entity1 with @entity161 and (ii) to explore to what proportion @entity149 contributed to the variance in insight after controlling for symptomatology. METHODS: Subjects were evaluated with a standardized neurocognitive test battery and a semi-structured interview, the Psychosis Evaluation tool for Common use by Caregivers (PECC). PECC, apart from evaluating symptoms and side-effects, measures insight on a 4-point scale by two of its dimensions: awareness of having @entity1032 ( @entity1032 ) and awareness of having symptoms attributed to @entity1032 (ASAMI). Executive functioning was measured by the Wisconsin Card Sort Test (WCST) and the @entity1892 ( @entity1892 ). Working memory was measured by the Letter Number Sequencing (LNS) test from the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS). RESULTS: Only one significant association was found after correction for multiple testing, between WCST categories completed and @entity1032 (r=-0.29, p=0.0006). WCST categories completed explained only 7.9% of the variance in @entity1032 , while symptomatology explained 20% of variance in @entity1032 and 16.5% of variance in ASAMI. CONCLUSIONS: The current results show a significant but subtle association with the WCST, which is in agreement with earlier literature. No other associations between cognitive functioning and insight were found. In general, these findings seem to suggest that factors other than cognition have a greater impact on insight in @entity1 with @entity161 .

title: The relation between @entity149 and impaired insight in XXXX with @entity161 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['a mental illness', 'AMI']

entities_list: @entity149 :: ('MESH:D002493', 'Disease') :: ['neurocognitive dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ['TMB', 'Trail Making B']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Transfer of resistance genes from bacteria from food producing animals to @entity1 pathogens is a potential risk to @entity1 health. The aim of this study was to determine in vivo transfer of a plasmid harbouring a class 1 integron containing gene cassettes dfrA1- @entity55226 from @entity2491 to @entity526 and the influence of the use of antimicrobials on this transfer. Thirty four-day-old SPF @entity1573 colonized with @entity2624 were divided into 3 groups of 10 animals each, and placed in separate isolators. Eleven days after inoculation with @entity2624 the @entity1573 were inoculated orally with 10(4)CFU of @entity11621 spp. @entity2491 containing a plasmid harbouring a class 1 integron with gene cassettes dfrA1- @entity55226 . Two days after the administration of @entity2491 1 group was treated orally with @entity3403 , 1 group orally with @entity206 / @entity207 and 1 group remained untreated (control group). @entity2624 , @entity2491 and the transconjugants were isolated from cloacal samples on selective MacConkey agar plates. Transfer of the plasmid was confirmed by plasmid characterization, PCR, PFGE and hybridization. Plasmid mediated transfer of a class 1 integron was observed almost immediately after inoculation with @entity2491 . Treatment of the chickens with antibiotics had neither a positive nor a negative effect on the transfer rates. In addition to the resistance genes located on the integron, resistance genes encoding for @entity803 and @entity115 resistance transferred from the donor strain as well. The resistance genes and the integron were located on a 130 kb sized IncFIB plasmid. Our data demonstrate in vivo transfer of an IncFIB plasmid harbouring a class 1 integron containing gene cassettes dfrA1- @entity55226 from @entity2491 to @entity526 , with or without selective pressure of antibiotics in @entity1573 .

title: In vivo transfer of an incFIB plasmid harbouring a class 1 integron with gene cassettes dfrA1- XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2491 :: ('90371', 'Species') :: ['Salmonella', 'S. Typhimurium', 'enterica serovar Typhimurium']

entities_list: @entity115 :: ('MESH:D000658', 'Chemical') :: ['amoxicillin']

entities_list: @entity3403 :: ('MESH:D004318', 'Chemical') :: ['doxycycline']

entities_list: @entity206 :: ('MESH:D014295', 'Chemical') :: ['trimethoprim']

entities_list: @entity207 :: ('MESH:D013420', 'Chemical') :: ['sulphamethoxazole']

entities_list: @entity803 :: ('MESH:D013752', 'Chemical') :: ['tetracycline']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli', 'E. coli']

answer: @entity55226 :: (8541832(Tax:90371),Gene) :: ['aadA1']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the treatment of five @entity1 with proximal tibial epiphysis preserving resection for @entity5 of the tibia. METHOD: Three @entity1 suffered from @entity2828 , two had @entity421 . The proximal level of the resection was in the line of the growth plate in four @entity1 , and 2 cm below of the growth plate in one @entity1 . The distal resection level was in the diaphysis, depending on the @entity5 border. The resected part of the tibia was substituted by both the ipsilateral and contralateral fibulas. The two fibulas were proximally built into the epiphysis, the contralateral, freely transplanted fibula was placed distally into the tibial diaphysis. The leg was fixed in an Ilizarov frame. RESULTS: The follow-up period was 4.9 years on average (range, 3.5-8 years). Neither local recurrence nor @entity3 was noticed in @entity1 with tibia @entity5 resection during the observation time. Proper fixation of the transplanted fibula with all of the @entity1 , both proximal to the tibia epiphysis and distal to diaphysis, was experienced. The range of motion of the knee was 122   on the average. Two @entity1 can walk without support and three can walk with an orthosis fully weight bearing. The limb shortening of the affected side was 2.6 cm on average (range,1.5-4.5 cm). In three @entity1 the transplanted opposite side fibula has broken. In one @entity1 , @entity6275 developed at the distal part of the transplanted fibula. CONCLUSIONS: The difficulties of intercalary segment supplementation were present to a greater extent because of the small size of proximal epiphysis, but the preserved knee joint can produce better function for the @entity1 in this limb-saving surgery.

title: Epiphysis preserving resection of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2828 :: ('MESH:D012512', 'Disease') :: ['Ewing sarcoma']

entities_list: @entity6275 :: ('MESH:C535456', 'Disease') :: ['chronic osteomyelitis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity421 :: ('MESH:D012516', 'Disease') :: ['osteosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['malignant proximal tibial tumours']


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine the incidence, pattern, and predictive factors for relapse in @entity1 with low-volume nodal metastases (stage @entity3121 ) at retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy (RPLND) and identify who may benefit from chemotherapy in the adjuvant or primary setting. @entity1 AND METHODS: Fifty-four @entity1 with testicular @entity10711 had low-volume retroperitoneal metastases (pathologic stage @entity3121 , 1997 @entity5 -node-metastasis classification) resected at RPLND, 50 of whom were managed expectantly without adjuvant chemotherapy. The dissection was bilateral in 12 and was a modified template in 38 @entity1 . Retroperitoneal metastases were limited to microscopic nodal involvement in 14 @entity1 . Follow-up ranged from 1 to 106 months (median, 31.4 months). RESULTS: Eleven @entity1 (22%) suffered a relapse at a median follow-up of 1.8 months (range, 0.6 to 28 months). The most frequent form of recurrence was marker elevation in nine (18%) @entity1 . Persistent marker elevation after orchiectomy and before retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy was a significant independent predictor of relapse (relative risk, 8.0; 95% confidence interval, 2.3 to 27.8; P =.001). Four of five (80%) @entity1 with elevated markers ( @entity160 alone in three, @entity160 and beta @entity1 chorionic gonadotropin in one) suffered a relapse, compared with seven of 45 (15.6%) @entity1 with normal markers. CONCLUSION: Clinical stage I and IIA @entity1 with normal markers who have low-volume nodal metastases have a low incidence of relapse and can be managed by observation only if compliance can be assured. In contrast, @entity1 with elevated markers before retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy have a high rate of relapse and should be considered for primary chemotherapy.

title: Low-volume nodal metastases detected at retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy for XXXX : pattern and prognostic factors for relapse.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity10711 :: ('MESH:C537844', 'Disease') :: ['nonseminomatous germ cell tumor']

entities_list: @entity160 :: ('174', 'Gene') :: ['alpha-fetoprotein']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['testicular cancer']


abstract: Chronic antiarrhythmic therapy for the prevention of episodes of @entity4710 is limited by its elevated cost, the development of side effects and lack of @entity1 ' collaboration. In this study the efficacy and safety of a single oral dose of @entity3988 (180 mg) and @entity1169 (80 mg) were assessed. Eighteen episodes of @entity4710 were treated in 17 @entity1 , 9 female and 8 male, aged between 19 and 60 years old (mean 45.3 +/- 11.4). The episodes had begun 3 months to 40 years before. They were divided in 3 groups: group I (placebo), 6 episodes; group II ( @entity3988 - @entity1169 ), 12 episodes; and group III ( @entity1 from the placebo group without spontaneous recovery of sinus rhythm who were given active drug), 6 episodes. There were no spontaneous conversions in group I (placebo) within 80 minutes. In group II, ten out of 12 episodes responded to the combination after 38.8 +/- 20.8 minutes (seven episodes were converted to sinus rhythm within the first 45 minutes). In group III (non-responders to placebo who were subsequently given active drugs), four out of 6 episodes were suppressed after 50.7 +/- 16.7 minutes. The cycle of the @entity591 lengthened before conversion to sinus rhythm both in groups II and III. Neither systolic nor diastolic blood pressure changed significantly in any group. Seven out of 14 @entity1 who successfully converted to sinus rhythm in groups II and III, suffered mild to moderate sweat between 3 and 5 minutes before the end of the episodes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Treatment of @entity4710 with a single oral doses of @entity3988 and XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1169 :: ('MESH:D011433', 'Chemical') :: ['propranolol']

entities_list: @entity3988 :: ('MESH:D004110', 'Chemical') :: ['diltiazem']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity4710 :: ('MESH:D013617', 'Disease') :: ['supraventricular tachycardia', 'paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia']

answer: @entity1169 :: (MESH:D011433,Chemical) :: ['propranolol']


abstract: The natural history of the radiographic changes associated with @entity6926 was recorded for sixty-four @entity1 . Detailed clinical data regarding @entity85 were available for forty-three @entity1 . The @entity1 could be placed in six well defined groups on the basis of a cluster of radiographic changes. The radiographic criteria used to classify @entity1 who had @entity6926 included the shape, dimensions, and appearance of the long bones; the presence of a trefoil pelvis and protrusio acetabuli; and the shape of the vertebrae. @entity1 can be classified more accurately if the dynamic nature of the radiographic changes is appreciated. @entity1 who had Type-A disease, a mild form of @entity6926 , maintained the contours of the vertebrae. Most had straight long bones except for five @entity1 who had mild bowing. @entity1 who had Type-B disease had bowed long bones with wide cortices. The pelvis had a normal contour. The vertebral bodies were biconcave, and @entity1513 and @entity1635 developed. @entity1 who had Type-C disease had thin, bowed long bones, and protrusio acetabuli developed around the age of ten years. @entity1 who had Type-D disease had the same findings as those who had Type-C disease, with the additional finding of cystic changes around the knee by the age of five years. The physes closed early, and the @entity45 disappeared around the age of fifteen. @entity1 who had Type-C or D disease had development of severe @entity85 . @entity1 who had Type-E disease were totally dependent functionally, and @entity85 developed at a very early age. The long bones appeared to have no cortex. @entity1 who had Type-F disease had complete disruption of the ribs, which was incompatible with survival. The natural history of @entity1635 in the @entity1 who had Type-B, C, D, or E disease was one of progression of the curve. Bracing used in the treatment of @entity1635 in one @entity1 who had Type-E disease and five @entity1 who had Type-C disease was unsuccessful. Arthrodesis of the spine prevented progression of the @entity85 in @entity1 who had Type-A disease, but the results of the operation were variable in the remaining types of the disease.

title: @entity6926 . Radiographic classification, natural history, and treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1635 :: ('MESH:D012600', 'Disease') :: ['scoliosis']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['spinal deformities']

entities_list: @entity6926 :: ('MESH:D010013', 'Disease') :: ['osteogenesis imperfecta']

answer: @entity85 :: (MESH:D009140,Disease) :: ['spinal deformities']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to assess the ability of a non-invasive study, the signal-averaged ECG (SAECG), to predict the effect of @entity2643 at ventricular level. BACKGROUND: @entity2643 is the main drug drug used in the treatment of @entity943 . Standard ECG does not detect any change in QRS complex resulting from @entity2643 therapy. SAECG is more sensitive than ECG for detecting changes in QRS complex. METHODS: The study examined the effects of @entity2643 on SAECG in relation to the results of programmed ventricular stimulation in 68 @entity1 with old @entity583 , spontaneous and inducible sustained @entity1165 ( @entity1165 ). RESULTS: @entity2643 prolonged the total QRS duration (dur) (129+/-28 vs. 140+/-30 ms, P<0.05) and low amplitude signal (LAS) dur (45+/-20 vs. 51+/-20 ms, P<0.1), whereas the root-mean-square voltage of the last 40 ms of QRS complex (RMS 40) was significantly reduced (20+/-16 vs. 14+/-9 microV, P<0.05). Changes in SAECG parameters did not differ significantly in @entity1 in whom @entity2643 prevented the inducibility of @entity1165 (n=15) and those in whom @entity1165 remained inducible with @entity2643 (n=53), but in baseline QRS duration was significantly shorter in @entity1 in whom @entity2643 prevented the @entity1165 induction (118+/-26 vs. 133+/-28 ms, P<0.05). In @entity1 in whom @entity2643 did not prolong the cycle length of @entity1165 (n=15), SAECG did not change significantly (QRS dur 131+/-29 vs. 132+/-27 ms, LAS 42+/-20 vs. 42+/-19 ms, RMS 40 22+/-14 vs. 19+/-11 microV). Comparison of the SAECG data in @entity1 with no inducible @entity1165 and those with slowed @entity1165 differed significantly (P<0.05) between the control state and the recording with @entity2643 . CONCLUSIONS: The effects of @entity2643 on @entity1165 inducibility are predicted by a shorter baseline QRS duration and the degree of drug-induced prolongation of filtered QRS duration. @entity2643 prolonged the QRS duration, LAS duration and decreased RMS 40; this effect was more important in @entity1 with no inducible @entity1165 and in those with only slowed @entity1165 , than in @entity1 with unchanged or accelerated @entity1165 . The absence of changes of QRS duration predicted the induction of a more rapid or not slowed @entity1165 with @entity2643 with a sensitivity of 87% and a specificity of 83%. Therefore, SAECG appears as an useful and simple means to predict the effects of @entity2643 in @entity1 with @entity583 and @entity1165 .

title: Absence of change of signal-averaged electrocardiogram identifies @entity1 with @entity943 who are non-responders to XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2643 :: ('MESH:D000638', 'Chemical') :: ['amiodarone', 'Amiodarone']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['VT', 'ventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular arrhythmias']

answer: @entity2643 :: (MESH:D000638,Chemical) :: ['amiodarone']


abstract: We show that blockage of @entity1457 induced plasmolysis by @entity6414 (PxB) is related to its selective antimicrobial action against Gram-negative organisms. The rapid wrinkling of the cytoplasmic membrane induced by the hyperosmotic shrinkage of cytoplasmic volume due to the water efflux is monitored as an increase in the 90 degrees light scattering. The rapid scattering response is complete within 1 min after the addition of hyperosmolar @entity1219 . PxB decreases the amplitude of the rapid increase in the light scattering due to the shrinkage of the cytoplasmic volume by @entity1457 . The amplitude is highest with cells in the early log phase of growth. The effect of PxB is induced rapidly and the maximum effect is seen within 1 min preincubation of cells. The effect of PxB is concentration dependent, and about 50% decrease in the amplitude is seen in the range of the growth inhibitory concentrations of PxB. The effect of PxB is not seen if added after the onset of the up-shock. As a heuristic model we suggest that PxB forms contacts between the two phospholipid interfaces that enclose the periplasmic space. The plasmolytic response results with osmY(-) mutant suggest that, like PxB, the osmY gene product in the periplasmic space prevents the shrinkage of the cytoplasmic compartment. Since PxB induces osmY transcription, we propose that, as a possible locus for the origin of the PxB induced stress, a contact between the phospholipid interfaces surrounding the periplasmic space triggers the metabolic changes leading to bacterial @entity3179 .

title: Origin of antibacterial @entity3179 by XXXX in Escherichia coli.

entities_list: @entity1457 :: ('MESH:D012769', 'Disease') :: ['hyperosmotic shock']

entities_list: @entity6414 :: ('MESH:D011112', 'Chemical') :: ['polymyxin B']

answer: @entity6414 :: (MESH:D011112,Chemical) :: ['polymyxin B']


abstract: We have characterized the proteolytic processing of the beta-subunit of beta-hexosaminidase by identifying the @entity1472 termini of the various forms synthesized in cell-free translation and in cultured @entity1 fibroblasts. The procedures used had been developed for similar studies of the alpha-subunit (Little, L. E., Lau, M. M. H., Quon, D. V. K., Fowler, A. V., and Neufeld, E. F. (1988) J. Biol. Chem. 263, 4288-4292). Radioactive @entity3534 were incorporated biosynthetically into the different forms of the beta-subunit, which were isolated by immunoprecipitation, gel electrophoresis, and electroelution, and analyzed by automated Edman degradation. Translation by reticulocyte lysate in the presence of @entity235 pancreas microsomes gave a product with @entity3929 43 at the @entity1472 terminus. The lysate could initiate translation at @entity1853 1 or @entity1853 13, depending on the @entity8949 mRNA provided. The product of signal peptidase action, the precursor form of the beta-subunit with @entity1472 -terminal @entity3929 43, was found in @entity17114 -induced secretions of cultured fibroblasts; intracellularly, this form was trimmed of two additional @entity3534 . The mature form was found to consist of three polypeptides joined by @entity1520 bonds; the @entity1472 termini were found to be @entity4857 48, @entity1889 122, and @entity376 315. Thus, in contrast to the alpha-subunit, the mature form of the beta-subunit of beta-hexosaminidase is derived from the precursor by internal proteolytic nicking rather than by removal of a large @entity1472 -terminal peptide segment.

title: Proteolytic processing of the beta-subunit of the lysosomal enzyme, beta-hexosaminidase, in normal XXXX fibroblasts.

entities_list: @entity3534 :: ('MESH:D000596', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity1853 :: ('MESH:D008715', 'Chemical') :: ['methionine']

entities_list: @entity376 :: ('CHEBI:25094', 'Chemical') :: ['lysine']

entities_list: @entity1520 :: ('CHEBI:48343', 'Chemical') :: ['disulfide']

entities_list: @entity1889 :: ('CHEBI:26986', 'Chemical') :: ['threonine']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: In a prospective study, we investigated the functional results, complications and survival of bilateral video-assisted thoracoscopic (VAT) lung volume reduction (LVR) in a selected group of @entity1 with severe, nonbullous @entity2542 . From January 1994 to September 1996, 42 of 143 candidates (13 female, 29 male, 42-78 years) were operated. They were short of breath on minimal exertion due to severe @entity1030 (FEV1 < 30%) pred., TLC > 130% pred., RV > 200% pred.). METHODS: LVR was performed bilaterally by VAT using endoscopic staplers without buttressing the staple lines. Pulmonary function test (PFT), MRC @entity1353 score and 12 min walking distance were assessed preoperatively, at 3, 6 and 12 months. In addition lung function was measured at hospital discharge. RESULTS: The @entity1 reported a marked relief of @entity1353 , which persisted at all follow-up visits (P<0.001). FEV1 increased from 0.80 +/- 0.24 (L) to 1.14 +/- 0.41 (L) postoperatively, a 43% gain (P < 0.001). A relevant increase of FEV1 persisted for at least 1 year. The residual volume to total lung capacity ratio decreased from 0.64 to 0.56 at hospital discharge. The mean 12 min walking distance increased from 500 +/- 195 (m) to 770 +/- 222 (m) after 1 year (P < 0.001). The mean hospital stay was 13 +/- 5.5 days (median 12.0), drainage time was 9 +/- 4.3 (median 8.0) days. There was no 30 day mortality. Three @entity1 died between 2 and 15 months postoperatively by non surgery related reasons. One @entity1 underwent lung transplantation 5 months after surgical lung volume reduction. CONCLUSIONS: In a selected group of @entity1 with severe, nonbullous @entity2542 , bilateral LVR by VAT results in instantaneous postoperative improvement in pulmonary function and @entity1353 . These favorable effects, including an amelioriation in exercise performance, lasted for at least 1 year.

title: Thoracoscopic bilateral lung volume reduction for diffuse XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2542 :: ('MESH:D011656', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary emphysema']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['airflow obstruction and hyperinflation']

answer: @entity2542 :: (MESH:D011656,Disease) :: ['pulmonary emphysema']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Family studies have demonstrated that the @entity72 ( @entity72 ) have a major genetic etiologic component, but expression and penetrance of the phenotype are variable. @entity19 with null mutations of @entity53837 or @entity27331 , two genes critical to hindbrain development, have phenotypic features frequently observed in @entity2438 , but no naturally occurring variants of either gene have been identified in mammals. METHODS: By sequencing regions of genomic DNA of @entity1 with @entity72 , we detected a substitution variant at @entity18351 and an insertion variant at @entity18352 , both in coding regions of the genes. Fifty-seven individuals ascertained for a diagnosis of an @entity2438 , along with 166 of their relatives, were typed for these variants. Two non- @entity2438 populations were typed, and the frequency of the newly identified alleles was determined in all groups. The genotypes of the @entity2438 families were tested for conformation to Hardy-Weinberg proportions and Mendelian expectations for gene transmission. RESULTS: The frequency of the variants was 10-25% in @entity1 of European or African origin. In the @entity2438 families, there was a significant deviation from the @entity18351 genotype ratios expected from Hardy-Weinberg proportions (P = 0.005). Among affected offspring, a significant deviation from Mendelian expectation in gene transmission (P = 0.011) was observed. No statistically significant effects were detected when the same analyses were applied to the @entity18352 locus, but there was evidence of an interaction between @entity18351 , @entity18352 , and gender in susceptibility to @entity72 . CONCLUSIONS: The results support a role for @entity18351 in susceptibility to @entity2438 , and add to the existing body of evidence implicating early brain stem injury in the etiology of @entity72 .

title: Discovery of allelic variants of XXXX and @entity18352 : genetic susceptibility to @entity72 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity72 :: ('MESH:D002659', 'Disease') :: ['ASDs', 'autism spectrum disorders']

answer: @entity18351 :: (3198,Gene) :: ['HOXA1']


abstract: @entity1 with @entity135 commonly have @entity1200 . It was reported that these @entity1 have raised serum IgA levels. We investigated whether IgA-anti- @entity1334 autoantibodies, which occur in association with @entity1200 , are present in @entity1 with @entity135 . Sera of 101 @entity1 with @entity957 (SCCHN) and 8 @entity1 with @entity2347 (ACCHN) of the head and neck were tested in ELISA for IgA-anti- @entity1334 autoantibody activity. IgA-anti- @entity1334 serum activity was significantly higher in both SCCHN and ACCHN @entity1 than in healthy controls. In @entity1 with SCCHN, an association between disease stage and IgA-anti- @entity1334 activity was established. Stage-IV @entity1 had significantly higher IgA-anti- @entity1334 than stage-I @entity1 or healthy controls. Stage-II and stage-III @entity1 had intermediate levels. Extremely high IgA-anti- @entity1334 activity was observed in 7 @entity1 who died within 6 months following testing, suggesting a relationship of @entity792 with terminal disintegration of physiological body functions. IgA-anti- @entity1334 autoantibodies may explain the occurrence of @entity1200 in @entity1 with @entity135 .

title: Association of IgA-anti- XXXX autoantibodies with disease stage in @entity135 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head-and-neck cancer']

entities_list: @entity2347 :: ('MESH:D003528', 'Disease') :: ['adenoid cystic carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous-cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1200 :: ('MESH:D007154', 'Disease') :: ['immune dysfunction', 'immune defects']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmunity']

answer: @entity1334 :: (2187,Gene) :: ['Fab']


abstract: Transfusion therapy for @entity3458 is limited by the development of antibodies to foreign red cells. To evaluate the frequency and risk factors associated with such alloimmunization, we determined the transfusion history, red-cell phenotype, and development of alloantibodies in 107 black @entity1 with @entity3458 who received transfusions. We compared the results with those from similar studies in 51 black @entity1 with sickle cell disease who had not received transfusions and in 19 nonblack @entity1 who received transfusions for other forms of @entity417 . We assessed the effect that racial differences might have on the frequency of alloimmunization by comparing the red-cell phenotypes of @entity1 and blood-bank donors (n = 200, 90 percent white). Although they received transfusions less frequently, 30 percent of the @entity1 with @entity3458 became alloimmunized, in contrast to 5 percent of the comparison-group @entity1 with other forms of @entity417 (P less than 0.001). Of the 32 alloimmunized @entity1 with @entity3458 , 17 had multiple antibodies and 14 had delayed transfusion reactions. Antibodies against the K, E, C, and Jkb antigens accounted for 82 percent of the alloantibodies. Comparison of red-cell phenotypes in the three study groups (the @entity1 with @entity3458 , the @entity1 with other forms of @entity417 , and the blood donors) revealed statistically significant differences between the @entity1 with @entity3458 and the donors but not between the @entity1 with other forms of @entity417 and the donors. These differences are most likely racial. We conclude that alloimmunization is a common, clinically serious problem in @entity3458 and that it is partly due to racial differences between the blood-donor and recipient populations.

title: Alloimmunization in XXXX and transfusion of racially unmatched blood.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3458 :: ('MESH:D000755', 'Disease') :: ['sickle cell anemia']

entities_list: @entity417 :: ('MESH:D000740', 'Disease') :: ['chronic anemia', 'anemia']

answer: @entity3458 :: (MESH:D000755,Disease) :: ['sickle cell anemia']