abstract: OBJECTIVES: Analysis of conventional angiograms has suggested that specific anatomic parameters of particular segments of a coronary artery render them prone to vulnerable plaque development, @entity397 , and consequent @entity715 . This study aimed at performing a three-dimensional analysis of recanalized @entity1347 ( @entity1347 ) coronary arteries in @entity1 who had suffered an anterior @entity583 ( @entity583 ). METHODS: Coronary angiograms of 76 consecutive @entity1 with an anterior @entity583 and a recanalized @entity1347 were reconstructed in the three-dimensional space, and compared with angiograms of 76 @entity1 with @entity453 ( @entity453 ) and significant @entity1347 . RESULTS: In both groups the majority of lesions occurred between 20 and 40 mm (P=0.745), but the number of lesions beyond 60 mm from the ostium was significantly higher in @entity453 compared with @entity583 (P=0.045). Culprit lesions were statistically significantly longer in @entity1 with @entity583 compared with @entity453 (18.3+/-7.5 vs. 12.7+/-6.2 mm, P<0.001). Cut-off point analysis indicated a lesion length of >or=12.5 mm as discriminating threshold between @entity453 and @entity583 (sensitivity 79% and specificity 63%). Bifurcation branches on the culprit lesion were seen in 79% of the @entity1 with @entity583 and 58% of those with @entity453 (P=0.026). Lesion angulation was significantly sharper in @entity583 compared with @entity453 @entity1 in diastole (155+/-15 vs. 160+/-14 degrees, P=0.037). Multiple logistic regression model including these parameters had a high discriminating ability with c-statistic 0.78 (95% confidence intervals: 0.71-0.86), sensitivity 72.4%, and specificity 75%. CONCLUSION: Specific anatomic characteristics of @entity1347 segments predispose to development of @entity397 and @entity715 .

title: Three-dimensional analysis of vulnerable segments in the XXXX artery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['STEMI', 'ST-elevation myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity1347 :: ('MESH:C537775', 'Disease') :: ['LAD', 'left anterior descending', 'LAD stenosis']

entities_list: @entity397 :: ('MESH:D012421', 'Disease') :: ['plaque rupture']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['SCAD', 'stable coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

answer: @entity1347 :: (MESH:C537775,Disease) :: ['left anterior descending']


abstract: PURPOSE: To examine associations between quantitatively measured retinal vessel caliber and the 10-year incidence of primary @entity1538 ( @entity1538 ). DESIGN: Population-based cohort study. @entity1 : The Blue Mountains Eye Study examined 3654 @entity1 at baseline and 2461 @entity1 at either 5 years, 10 years, or both times. After excluding 44 subjects with @entity1538 at baseline, 2417 @entity1 at risk of @entity1538 at the 5- or 10-year examinations were included. METHODS: Retinal vessel calibers of baseline retinal photographs were measured using a computer-based program and summarized as central retinal artery and vein equivalents (CRAE, CRVE). Incident @entity1538 was defined as the development of typical @entity227 combined with matching optic disc rim thinning and an enlarged cup-to-disc (C:D) ratio of >0.7 or C:D asymmetry between the 2 eyes (>= 0.3) at either the 5- or 10-year examination. Generalized estimating equation models were used to account for correlation between eyes while adjusting for @entity726 risk characteristics including intraocular pressure (IOP) or ocular perfusion pressure (OPP). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: We assessed the 10-year incidence of @entity1538 . RESULTS: There were 82 @entity1 (104 eyes) who developed incident @entity1538 over the 10-year follow-up. After adjusting for age, sex, family history of @entity726 , @entity9927 , @entity6 , @entity101 , @entity1007 , body mass index, spherical equivalent refraction, and C:D ratio, narrower CRAE was associated with higher risk of incident @entity1538 (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 1.77; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.12-2.79, per standard deviation decrease in CRAE). This association persisted after further adjustment for IOP (adjusted OR, 1.87; 95% CI, 1.14-3.05) or OPP (adjusted OR, 1.76; 95% CI, 1.11-2.78), and remained significant when analyses were confined to eyes with IOP<20 mmHg and C:D ratio<0.6 at baseline. There were no independent associations between CRVE and incident @entity1538 . CONCLUSIONS: Retinal arteriolar narrowing, quantitatively measured from retinal photographs, was associated with long-term risk of @entity1538 . These data support the concept that early vascular changes are involved in the pathogenesis of @entity1538 and suggest that computer-based measurements of retinal vessel caliber may be useful to identify @entity1 with an increased risk of developing the clinical stage of @entity726 . FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE(S): The authors have no proprietary or commercial interest in any of the materials discussed in this article.

title: Retinal vessel caliber is associated with the 10-year incidence of XXXX : the Blue Mountains Eye Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'PARTICIPANTS', 'people', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['glaucomatous visual field loss']

entities_list: @entity1538 :: ('MESH:D005902', 'Disease') :: ['open-angle glaucoma', 'OAG']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity1007 :: ('MESH:D006937', 'Disease') :: ['hypercholesterolemia']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['glaucoma']

answer: @entity726 :: (MESH:D005901,Disease) :: ['glaucoma']


abstract: We describe four Italian @entity1 (aged 3, 4, 12, and 13 years ) affected by a novel autosomal form of @entity3986 . These @entity1 were from three non-consanguineous families and presented an almost identical phenotype. This was characterized by @entity2421 at birth, @entity1159 associated with severe @entity1155 , absent speech, inability to walk and almost no interest in their surroundings. In addition, all @entity1 had a striking enlargement of the @entity291 and quadriceps muscles. Ophthalmologic examination revealed no structural @entity735 in any of the @entity1 ; one @entity1 had severe @entity1714 . In all cases a magnetic resonance imaging of the brain showed an abnormal posterior cranial fossa with enlargement of the cisterna magna and variable @entity509 of the vermis of the cerebellum. @entity62 was also present in all @entity1 , in the form of patchy signal most evident in the periventricular areas. Serum CK was grossly elevated in all. The muscle biopsy from all cases showed @entity3986 compatible with @entity3986 . Immunofluorescence studies showed mild to moderate partial deficiency of @entity34221 chain. Linkage analysis in the only informative family excluded the known loci for @entity3986 , including @entity34221 chain on chromosome 6q2, the @entity3986 locus on 9q3 and the @entity7733 on chromosome 1p3. We propose that this represent a novel severe variant of @entity3986 , with associated central nervous system involvement.

title: @entity3986 associated with XXXX hypertrophy, microcephaly and severe mental retardation in three Italian families: evidence for a novel CMD syndrome.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3986 :: ('MESH:D009136', 'Disease') :: ['congenital muscular dystrophy', 'recessive congenital muscular dystrophy', 'Fukuyama congenital muscular dystrophy', 'dystrophic changes']

entities_list: @entity509 :: ('MESH:C538429', 'Disease') :: ['hypoplasia']

entities_list: @entity735 :: ('MESH:D005124', 'Disease') :: ['ocular abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity2421 :: ('MESH:D009123', 'Disease') :: ['hypotonia']

entities_list: @entity1159 :: ('MESH:D003286', 'Disease') :: ['joint contractures']

entities_list: @entity1155 :: ('MESH:D011596', 'Disease') :: ['psychomotor retardation']

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['Abnormality of the white matter']

entities_list: @entity7733 :: ('MESH:D058494', 'Disease') :: ['muscle-eye-brain disease']

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['calf']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Aim of this study was to compare tactile-associated cervical cord fMRI activity between primary progressive (PP) and secondary progressive (SP) @entity15 @entity1 and to investigate whether cord recruitment was associated with structural brain and @entity602 . EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Cervical cord fMRI during a tactile stimulation of the right hand was acquired from 17 healthy controls, 18 SPMS @entity1 , and 16 PPMS @entity1 . Average fMRI activity and its topographical distribution in cord sectors (left vs. right, posterior vs. anterior) were assessed. Correlations between cord recruitment and structural cord and brain MRI were estimated. PRINCIPAL OBSERVATIONS: Progressive @entity15 @entity1 showed an increased cord recruitment compared with controls (P = 0.003). Despite a similar structural @entity602 , cord activity was increased in SPMS compared to PPMS @entity1 (P = 0.05). Regional analysis showed a non-lateralized pattern of cord recruitment in @entity15 @entity1 . Compared to PPMS, SPMS @entity1 had grey matter (GM) @entity194 in several cortical and subcortical regions. In SPMS @entity1 , @entity194 of the left postcentral gyrus was correlated with cord activity (r = -0.48, P = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with progressive @entity15 had an over-recruitment of the cervical cord, which was more pronounced in SPMS than PPMS, despite similar cord structural damage. The alteration of the complex modulation of spinal cord interneurons possibly due to a loss of supratentorial inhibition secondary to @entity1545 might contribute to explain the observed functional @entity602 .

title: Cervical @entity602 differ between the progressive forms of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1545 :: ('MESH:D020214', 'Disease') :: ['brain injury']

entities_list: @entity602 :: ('MESH:D013118', 'Disease') :: ['cord damage', 'cord abnormalities']

answer: @entity15 :: (MESH:D009103,Disease) :: ['multiple sclerosis']


abstract: T-cell lines have been derived from aeroallergen-induced eczematous patch test sites of @entity1 with @entity483 ( @entity483 ). Biopsy specimens were obtained 24 hours after allergen application to the skin, and only in vivo-activated T cells were propagated. From one @entity1 , the T-cell lines were subcloned at 0.3 cells per well. With allergen-induced interleukin (IL) production, all clones tested (n = 13) were found to be specific for the allergen, producing @entity3646 and granulocyte-macrophage-colony-stimulating factor. No @entity1199 or @entity379 was found. The allergen-specific proliferative response of these clones, although the response was dependent on exogenous @entity1199 or @entity3646 , also proved that all clones were allergen specific. Under optimal stimulation (aCD3 plus @entity4514 ), 15% of the clones appeared to be of Th0 phenotype and 70% of Th2 phenotype. In 15% of the clones, @entity3646 was produced in the absence of @entity1199 , @entity225 , or @entity379 . Supernatants of all clones tested induced IgE production by B cells from normal non-atopic donors. The T-cell lines of the other @entity1 demonstrated similar results; allergen-specific proliferation was dependent on exogenous @entity1199 or @entity3646 and stimulation with aCD3 plus @entity4514 demonstrated that the T cells in these lines were of the Th2 phenotype. In conclusion, our data reveal that, in @entity483 , percutaneous sensitization to aeroallergens may occur and indicate that allergen-specific Th2 type T cells may be responsible for the high levels of (specific) IgE found in 80% of @entity1 with @entity483 .

title: Skin-derived aeroallergen-specific T-cell clones of Th2 phenotype in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity483 :: ('MESH:D003876', 'Disease') :: ['atopic dermatitis', 'AD']

entities_list: @entity379 :: ('3458', 'Gene') :: ['interferon-gamma']

entities_list: @entity4514 :: ('MESH:D013755', 'Chemical') :: ['phorbol myristate acetate']

answer: @entity483 :: (MESH:D003876,Disease) :: ['atopic dermatitis']


abstract: OBJECT: The authors examined images obtained in 52 @entity1 with @entity9128 to determine risk factors for @entity5 recurrence and to assess the impact of surveillance imaging on @entity1 outcome. METHODS: Data obtained in all @entity1 with @entity9128 were prospectively entered into a database from January 1987 to June 2000. The imaging and clinical details in all @entity1 were reviewed. Fifty-two @entity1 with histologically proven @entity9128 were treated at the authors' institution; recurrences developed in 28 (54%) of them, with a median time from surgery to first recurrence of 14.5 months (range 3-65 months). Of these @entity5 recurrences, 43% were asymptomatic and were noted on surveillance imaging. Seventeen @entity1 died, all of whom had recurrences. Incomplete excision of the @entity5 was significantly associated with reduced time to recurrence (p = 0.0144) and time to @entity204 (p = 0.0472). The age of the @entity1 , location of the @entity5 , histological findings, and the presence or absence of spinal metastases on preoperative imaging were not significantly associated with outcome. The risk of @entity204 at any given time was 12-fold greater in @entity1 in whom a recurrence was identified due to symptoms rather than on surveillance images (p = 0.016). CONCLUSIONS: Recurrent @entity9128 has a poor prognosis. The extent of the initial local @entity5 resection is the factor most closely associated with outcome. Surveillance imaging reveals a substantial number of asymptomatic recurrences, and survival appears to be improved in these @entity1 compared with those identified by symptoms. The improvement in survival is thought to be greater than that expected just from earlier diagnosis.

title: Surveillance neuroimaging in childhood XXXX : how effective, how often, and for how long?

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'primary tumor']

entities_list: @entity9128 :: ('MESH:C531673', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial ependymomas', 'childhood ependymoma']

answer: @entity9128 :: (MESH:C531673,Disease) :: ['intracranial ependymoma']


abstract: A 56-year-old @entity1 was admitted because of chronic @entity74 . A cerebral MRI revealed symmetrical high intensity area mainly in the globus pallidus on T1-weighted image. The symptom became manifested as gait disturbance from the age of 2 and gradually progressed. Her condition has, however, remained stable since the age of 26. The only sign of @entity304 was @entity910 . There was clear retropulsion but cerebellar ataxia was minimal, and @entity3519 was negligible. She had no @entity303 . Her parents were cousins and similar symptoms and high intensity area were found in one of her sisters. Routine liver function tests were normal, with only ICG elevated. Serum @entity920 and ceruloplasmin were normal. A hereditary factor was suspected. There are no similar cases reported in the literature, thus we thought it worth reporting.

title: [A familial case of XXXX presenting high intensity area mainly in the globus pallidus on T1-weighted cerebral MRI without clear liver damage].

entities_list: @entity304 :: ('MESH:D010302', 'Disease') :: ['parkinsonism']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity910 :: ('MESH:D004409', 'Disease') :: ['akinesia']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['postural reflex disorder']

answer: @entity74 :: (MESH:D030342,Disease) :: ['postural reflex disorder']


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: Because of their diffuse distribution, neuroendocrine cells of the gut have not been isolated successfully for electrophysiological characterization. We therefore established primary cell cultures from surgically resected @entity1 @entity4303 and investigated them electrophysiologically. METHODS: The neuroendocrine identity of the isolated @entity5 cells was determined immunocytochemically. The electrophysiological properties of the cells were studied by the patch-clamp technique. RESULTS: The primary cell cultures expressed neurofilament proteins, cytokeratins, and key proteins of the secretion machinery. Spontaneous action potentials were observed in most cells. Using the whole-cell mode of the patch-clamp technique, @entity1022 -sensitive voltage-gated @entity1372 currents as well as voltage-gated @entity460 currents were identified. @entity460 channel currents were carried mainly by @entity7236 -sensitive, L-type @entity460 channels. The L-type @entity460 channel currents were also partially blocked by the omega-conotoxins GVIA and MVIIC. Moreover, omega-agatoxin IVA reversibly reduced a component of the @entity460 channel currents, indicating that neuroendocrine @entity5 cells express different types of voltage-gated @entity460 channels. In addition, @entity1943 was found to inhibit partially the voltage-dependent @entity460 channel currents and thus @entity460 -dependent hormone release. CONCLUSIONS: Carcinoid cells of the @entity1 gut are electrically excitable cells. They express voltage-dependent @entity1372 and @entity460 channels as well as @entity1943 receptors.

title: Electrophysiological properties of @entity1 XXXX cells of the gut.

entities_list: @entity7236 :: ('MESH:C038806', 'Chemical') :: ['dihydropyridine']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['gut tumor']

entities_list: @entity1022 :: ('MESH:D013779', 'Chemical') :: ['tetrodotoxin']

entities_list: @entity4303 :: ('MESH:D002276', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoids']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium', 'Calcium']

entities_list: @entity1943 :: ('MESH:D013004', 'Chemical') :: ['somatostatin']

answer: @entity4303 :: (MESH:D002276,Disease) :: ['carcinoid']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Use of @entity1346 expanders and implants is the most common breast reconstruction technique after mastectomy. Postmastectomy @entity1 often need echocardiographic monitoring of potential @entity1370 induced by @entity5 chemotherapy. The impairment of the echocardiographic acoustic window caused by @entity1346 implants for @entity0 has been reported. This study investigates whether the echocardiographic image quality was impaired in @entity1 reconstructed with @entity1346 expanders and implants. METHODS: The records of 44 consecutive @entity1 who underwent echocardiographic follow-up after breast reconstruction with expanders and implants at the authors' institution from January of 2000 to August of 2012 were reviewed. The population was divided into a study group (left or bilateral breast expanders/implants, n=30) and a control group (right breast expanders/implants, n=14). The impact of breast expanders/implants on echocardiographic image quality was tested (analysis of covariance model). RESULTS: @entity1 with a breast expander/implant (left or bilateral and right breast expanders/implants) were included. The mean volume of the breast devices was 353.2  125.5 cc. The quality of the echocardiographic images was good or sufficient in the control group; in the study group, it was judged as adequate in only 50 percent of cases (15 @entity1 ) and inadequate in the remaining 15 @entity1 (p<0.001). At multivariable analysis, a persistent relationship between device position (left versus right) and image quality (p=0.001) was shown, independent from other factors. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1346 expanders and implants in postmastectomy left breast reconstruction considerably reduce the image quality of echocardiography. This may have important clinical implications, given the need for periodic echocardiographic surveillance before and during chemotherapy. CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic, III.

title: Effects of XXXX expanders and implants on echocardiographic image quality after breast reconstruction.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast augmentation']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity1346 :: ('MESH:D012828', 'Chemical') :: ['Silicone', 'silicone']

entities_list: @entity1370 :: ('MESH:D066126', 'Disease') :: ['cardiotoxicity']

answer: @entity1346 :: (MESH:D012828,Chemical) :: ['silicone']


abstract: PURPOSE: We report our experience with the use of @entity7062 in the @entity3570 population that is dry during the day but wet at night. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From 1994 to 1996, 18 @entity1 with @entity2590 were treated with @entity7062 for persistent nocturnal enuresis. Initial dose was 40 mcg. before bedtime, decreased by intervals of 10 mcg. every 3 weeks. @entity1 were kept on the minimum dose required to keep them dry. We reviewed morning catheterized volumes, side effects and dosages needed to stay dry, and compared augmented @entity1 with nonaugmented @entity1 . RESULTS: Of 18 @entity1 14 (78%) reported marked improvement in nocturnal enuresis. Of 6 augmented @entity1 5 (83%) are dry compared to 9 of 12 nonaugmented @entity1 (75%). There were no adverse side effects from the use of @entity7062 . Average dose to stay dry was 20 mcg. for augmented and 30 mcg. for nonaugmented @entity1 . Of the 4 @entity1 who had persistent nocturnal @entity322 despite @entity7062 3 (75%) became dry with a single catheterization in the middle of the night. CONCLUSIONS: @entity7062 is successful in treating nocturnal enuresis in the @entity3570 @entity1 with diurnal continence.

title: XXXX for nocturnal @entity322 in the @entity3570 population.

entities_list: @entity3570 :: ('MESH:D016135', 'Disease') :: ['spina bifida']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity7062 :: ('MESH:D003894', 'Chemical') :: ['Desmopressin', 'desmopressin']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['incontinence']

entities_list: @entity2590 :: ('MESH:D009190', 'Disease') :: ['myelodysplasia']

answer: @entity7062 :: (MESH:D003894,Chemical) :: ['Desmopressin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Fetal @entity1592 ( @entity1592 ) results in increased placental resistance to blood flow, fetal @entity101 , and increased pulsatility stresses shown to lead to vascular remodeling. We tested our hypothesis that @entity1592 causes decreased compliance in the carotid and umbilical arteries due to altered extracellular matrix (ECM) composition and structure. METHODS: A @entity742 model of @entity2431 -induced @entity1592 (PI- @entity1592 ) was created by exposure of the pregnant ewe to elevated ambient temperatures. Umbilical and carotid arteries from near-term fetuses were tested with pressure-diameter measurements to compare passive compliance in control and PI- @entity1592 tissues. ECM composition was measured via biochemical assay, and the organization was determined by using histology and second-harmonic generation imaging. RESULTS: We found that PI- @entity1592 increased arterial stiffness with increased collagen engagement, or transition stretch. PI- @entity1592 carotid arteries exhibited increased collagen and elastin quantity, and PI- @entity1592 umbilical arteries exhibited increased sulfated glycosaminoglycans. Histomorphology showed altered collagen-to-elastin ratios with altered cellular proliferation. Increased stiffness indicates altered collagen-to-elastin ratios with less elastin contribution leading to increased collagen engagement. CONCLUSION: Because vessel stiffness is a significant predictor in the development of @entity101 , disrupted ECM deposition in @entity1592 provides a potential link between @entity1592 and adult @entity101 .

title: Increased arterial stiffness and extracellular matrix reorganization in intrauterine growth-restricted fetal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1592 :: ('MESH:D005317', 'Disease') :: ['IUGR', 'intrauterine growth restriction']

entities_list: @entity2431 :: ('MESH:D010927', 'Disease') :: ['placental insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

answer: @entity742 :: (9940,Species) :: ['sheep']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The purpose of our study was to compare operative procedures, histologic types of @entity5 , and @entity260 of @entity1 operated for benign @entity42 by laparotomy or laparoscopy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 257 @entity1 with different types of @entity42 underwent operations by laparoscopy (51 cases) or laparotomy (206 cases). Careful selection for operative treatment was made on the basis of clinical findings, ultrasound scans (using colour Doppler), @entity1 's age and history. Operative laparoscopies were performed in @entity1 with "unsuspected" @entity42 with diameter < or = 8 cm. During every operation, a histologic examination of @entity5 was performed. RESULTS: In 42 @entity1 the cysts were found in both ovaries. Remaining 215 @entity1 had @entity43 . Adnexectomy was carried out in 142 cases, cystectomy in 131, ovariectomy in 18, and @entity1173 and electrocoagulation of @entity42 in 8 cases. The most common laparoscopic procedures were cystectomy (41) and @entity1173 and electrocoagulation of @entity42 (8); while by laparotomy: adnexectomy (142) and cystectomy (131); p < 0.0001. The histopathological assessment showed as follows: serous cysts in 98 cases, @entity48 in 75, endometrial cysts in 63, @entity9358 in 23, and others (mainly haemorrhagic, functional cysts and fibrothecomas) in 40 cases. The incidence of operative complications (3/257--all due to insufficient hemostasis) and postoperative complications (infection--7/257, anaemia--4/257, peritonitis--1/257) was rather low and similar in @entity1 operated by laparoscopy and laparotomy. @entity1 were generally discharged from the hospital on the fourth (median) postoperative day after laparoscopies and the seventh (median) day after laparotomies (p < 0.0005). CONCLUSIONS: Operative treatment of ovarian benign cysts is connected with a very low risk for @entity260 . The operative laparoscopy brings better cosmetic effects and seems to be safe and effective method of treatment of ovarian benign cysts.

title: [Laparoscopy and laparotomy in the operative treatment of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['unilateral ovarian tumours']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['intra- and postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity48 :: ('MESH:D003884', 'Disease') :: ['dermoid cysts']

entities_list: @entity42 :: ('MESH:D010048', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cysts']

entities_list: @entity9358 :: ('MESH:D009078', 'Disease') :: ['mucous cyst']

entities_list: @entity1173 :: ('MESH:D053120', 'Disease') :: ['aspiration']

answer: @entity42 :: (MESH:D010048,Disease) :: ['ovarian cysts']


abstract: We report a rare case of @entity2220 in which micropapillary components were considered to cause stump recurrence. A @entity1 in her fifties was diagnosed with @entity2 in the right middle lobe with invasion to the upper lobe, which was treated by a right middle lobectomy together with upper lobe partial resection. The @entity5 was pathologically diagnosed as @entity420 and had a free surgical margin. There was no recurrence during the following 5 years and 8 months, and thus periodical surveillance, including computed tomography, was stopped. However, 2 years and 7 months after this, she was discovered to have an abnormal shadow on chest radiography, and a thorough examination revealed a 3-cm-sized @entity5 involving the previous surgical margin. Therefore, she underwent right upper lobectomy. We pathologically re-evaluated the first @entity5 and found that it was an @entity420 with a micropapillary component in the periphery, 6mm away from the surgical margin. In addition, a few tiny clusters of @entity5 cells were found to be floating within the alveolar spaces near the margin. The first and second @entity5 showed almost the same histological mixture of components of @entity420 and the same @entity470 mutation. From these results, we concluded the second @entity5 was a stump recurrence originating from the first @entity5 resection. This case illustrates the importance of careful pathological investigation when an autosuture instrument is used for a partial resection in a case of @entity2220 with micropapillary components. In such cases, it is particularly important to clarify if micropapillary components are floating near a stump.

title: Micropapillary components in a XXXX predict stump recurrence 8 years after resection: a case report.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity2220 :: ('MESH:C538231', 'Disease') :: ['lung adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity2220 :: (MESH:C538231,Disease) :: ['lung adenocarcinoma']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: This article demonstrates the capacity of a combination of different data mining (DM) methods to support diagnosis in pediatric emergency @entity1 . By using a novel combination of these DM procedures, a computer-based diagnosis was created. METHODS: A support vector machine (SVM), artificial @entity1274 (ANNs), fuzzy logics, and a voting algorithm were simultaneously used to allocate a @entity1 to one of 18 diagnoses (e.g., @entity55 , @entity698 ). Anonymized data sets of @entity1 who presented in the @entity341 ( @entity341 ) of a pediatric care clinic were chosen. For each @entity1 , 26 identical clinical and laboratory parameters were used (e.g., blood count, @entity1851 ) to finally develop the program. RESULTS: The combination of four DM operations arrived at a correct diagnosis in 98% of the cases, retrospectively. A subgroup analysis showed that the highest diagnostic accuracy was for @entity698 (97% correct diagnoses) and @entity3039 or @entity16096 (100% correct diagnoses). During the prospective testing, 81% of the @entity1 were correctly diagnosed by the system. DISCUSSION: The combination of these DM methods was suitable for proposing a diagnosis using both laboratory and clinical parameters. We conclude that an optimized combination of different but complementary DM methods might serve to assist medical decisions in the @entity341 .

title: Supporting diagnostic decisions using hybrid and complementary data mining applications: a pilot study in the pediatric XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity698 :: ('MESH:D001064', 'Disease') :: ['appendicitis']

entities_list: @entity16096 :: ('MESH:C536980', 'Disease') :: ['erythroblastopenia']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['emergency department', 'ED']

entities_list: @entity1274 :: ('MESH:D006319', 'Disease') :: ['neural networks']

entities_list: @entity3039 :: ('MESH:D016553', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

answer: @entity341 :: (MESH:D004630,Disease) :: ['emergency department']


abstract: The clinical course of 21 @entity1 who underwent syringopleural shunting for @entity1644 is summarised. All the @entity1 were continuing to deteriorate at the time of the operation. Objective improvement was seen in nine @entity1 following the procedure but three subsequently deteriorated. @entity1109 have appeared in two @entity1 . No change was seen in six @entity1 who did not deteriorate later. Three were worse following the procedure. In @entity1644 with marked @entity1276 , ventricular drainage by a valved shunt may be the preferred first procedure. Craniovertebral decompression is recommended for @entity1644 with @entity3976 without dense @entity2443 . In appropriate cases syringopleural shunting may be performed in combination with craniovertebral decompression, and may be the procedure of choice in cases with marked @entity2443 . In cases with a sizeable syrinx who have subsequently deteriorated following craniovertebral decompression, syringopleural shunting may be considered the preferred second procedure. Syringopleural shunting is suggested in amenable cases of @entity1644 associated with @entity5 , @entity130 or @entity2443 .

title: Surgical treatment of XXXX with syringopleural shunting.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1644 :: ('MESH:D013595', 'Disease') :: ['syringomyelia']

entities_list: @entity3976 :: ('MESH:D004677', 'Disease') :: ['hindbrain herniation']

entities_list: @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['hydrocephalus']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['spinal tumour']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['Contralateral syrinx symptoms']

entities_list: @entity2443 :: ('MESH:D001100', 'Disease') :: ['arachnoiditis', 'hindbrain arachnoiditis']

answer: @entity1644 :: (MESH:D013595,Disease) :: ['syringomyelia']


abstract: We have identified a new gene, @entity52899 , spanning over 150 kb at 21q11. 2, one of the lowest gene-density regions of the @entity1 genome. @entity52899 is made up of 25 exons and encodes a 1087-aa protein. Database comparisons reveal high homology with members of the ubiquitin protease family (UBP). Basal expression was observed in all @entity1 tissues tested, and two main transcripts were identified. The homologous @entity19 gene has also been characterized. In situ hybridization in @entity19 embryonic brains showed a clear correlation of expression with proliferative neuroepithelial cells and postmitotic neurons. Moreover, high expression was observed in adult @entity19 testis. UBPs belong to a complex family of deubiquitinating enzymes that specifically cleave ubiquitin conjugates on a great variety of substrates. These enzymes have an essential role in protein degradation via the 26S proteasome and thus regulate many cellular pathways. An increase in @entity52899 gene dosage in Down syndrome @entity1 could seriously disturb the balance between ubiquitinated and deubiquitinated substrates.

title: XXXX , a novel gene encoding a deubiquitinating enzyme, is located in the gene-poor region 21q11.2.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

answer: @entity52899 :: (29761,Gene) :: ['USP25']


abstract: We report two cases of @entity157 ( @entity157 ) with @entity5 thrombus (PVTT) and lymph node (LN) @entity3 successfully treated by hepatic arterial infusion of @entity1487 ( @entity1487 ) combined with systemic injection of @entity3027 following hepatic resection for the @entity96 . Complete remission was obtained. Case 1 was a 51-year-old @entity1 who had @entity157 in the right lobe of the liver with PVTT and multiple intrahepatic @entity3 . He also had abdominal and mediastinal LN @entity3 . Case 2 was a 53-year-old @entity1 who had diffuse-type @entity157 in the right lobe of the liver with PVTT and intrahepatic @entity3 . A chest computed tomography scan revealed lymph nodes enlarged to 1.0 cm from the mediastinum to the left supraclavicular space. Both @entity1 underwent the hepatectomy to reduce the @entity5 volumes and remove the PVTT to relieve @entity6315 . Following the surgery, the @entity1 underwent @entity56375 -FU combination therapy. Three months after this combined therapy, @entity5 markers (both @entity160 and protein induced by @entity2067 absence or antagonist II) returned to the normal range and @entity41 in the @entity409 . The @entity1 are alive without any recurrence more than 1 year after initial treatment. @entity56375 -FU combined therapy following hepatic resection is a promising modality for the treatment of advanced @entity157 with LN @entity3 .

title: Complete remission of @entity157 with @entity5 thrombus and lymph node @entity3 by arterial infusion of XXXX and interferon-alpha combination therapy following hepatic resection.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'man']

entities_list: @entity6315 :: ('MESH:C563407', 'Disease') :: ['portal vein obstruction']

entities_list: @entity41 :: ('MESH:D018365', 'Disease') :: ['residual tumors']

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['liver tumor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'portal vein tumor']

entities_list: @entity2067 :: ('MESH:D014812', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin K']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver disappeared']

entities_list: @entity160 :: ('174', 'Gene') :: ['alpha-fetoprotein']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'metastases']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'hepatocellular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3027 :: ('3439', 'Gene') :: ['interferon (IFN)-alpha']

answer: @entity1487 :: (MESH:D005472,Chemical) :: ['5-fluorouracil']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity130 ( @entity130 ) after @entity901 -based therapies for @entity14 ( @entity14 ) can increase postoperative morbidity. Preoperative methods to estimate @entity130 are lacking. The aim of this study was to identify @entity130 by evaluating portal vein haemodynamics. METHODS: Magnetic resonance imaging flowmetry (MRIF) was used to estimate portal vein haemodynamics in 29 @entity1 with @entity14 before liver surgery. @entity130 was evaluated from resected non-tumorous liver parenchyma according to the combined @entity1317 (CVI) score of >= 3. RESULTS: All @entity1 with @entity130 (six of 29) received @entity901 ; however, a significant association could not be proven (P= 0.148). @entity901 -treated @entity1 showed portal vein dilatation in both the @entity130 and non- @entity130 groups compared with @entity1 who had not received @entity901 (Bonferroni corrected P= 0.003 and P= 0.039, respectively). Mean portal velocity tended to be lower in @entity1 with @entity130 compared with @entity901 -treated @entity1 without @entity130 (Bonferroni corrected P= 0.087). A mean portal velocity of  <=14.35   cm/s together with a cross-section area of >= 1.55   cm(2) was found to predict @entity130 with sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 78%. CONCLUSIONS: @entity901 treatment was associated with portal vein dilatation. @entity1 with @entity130 showed a tendency towards decreased mean portal flow velocity. This may indicate that @entity130 is associated with an increased resistance to blood @entity409 . Portal vein haemodynamic variables estimated by MRIF can identify @entity1 without @entity130 non-invasively.

title: Magnetic resonance imaging flowmetry demonstrates portal vein dilatation subsequent to @entity901 therapy in XXXX with @entity14 .

entities_list: @entity901 :: ('MESH:C030110', 'Chemical') :: ['oxaliplatin', 'Oxaliplatin']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['flow in the liver parenchyma']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['CRLM', 'colorectal liver metastasis']

entities_list: @entity1317 :: ('MESH:D057772', 'Disease') :: ['vascular injury']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['Sinusoidal injury', 'SI']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: The goal of this study was to determine whether responses of cerebral vessels to intravascular administration of @entity750 are altered in @entity64 -prone spontaneously @entity101 @entity35 . We measured pressure in pial arterioles and cerebral blood flow in normotensive and @entity101 @entity35 during intra-atrial infusion of @entity750 . In normotensive @entity35 , pial arteriolar pressure was 48 +/- 3 mm Hg (mean +/- SEM) and cerebral blood flow was 48 +/- 5 ml/min/100 g under control conditions. Intra-atrial infusion of @entity750 (5 and 50 micrograms/kg/min for 5 minutes) produced only minimal changes in pial arteriolar pressure (-3 +/- 4 and -4 +/- 4 mm Hg, respectively) and did not alter cerebral blood flow. In @entity101 @entity35 , pial arteriolar pressure was 95 +/- 9 mm Hg and cerebral blood flow was 57 +/- 4 ml/min/100 g under control conditions. In contrast to normotensive @entity35 , intra-atrial infusion of @entity750 (5 and 50 micrograms/kg/min for 5 minutes) in @entity101 @entity35 profoundly decreased pial arteriolar pressure (-29 +/- 7 and -44 +/- 4 mm Hg, respectively) without altering cerebral blood flow. To determine whether altered responses of cerebral arterioles to @entity750 in @entity101 @entity35 were related to nonspecific increases in vascular reactivity, we examined the effects of angiotensin in normotensive and @entity101 @entity35 . Responses to angiotensin (1 and 3 micrograms/kg/min i.v. for 5 minutes) were not potentiated in @entity101 @entity35 . Thus, constrictor responses of cerebral vessels to intravascular @entity750 are potentiated in @entity101 @entity35 . We speculate that when @entity750 is released by platelets, augmented vasoconstrictor responses to @entity750 may have important implications for the pathogenesis of @entity2806 , and perhaps @entity64 , during chronic @entity101 .

title: Cerebral vasoconstrictor responses to XXXX during chronic @entity101 .

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral ischemia']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['serotonin']

answer: @entity750 :: (MESH:D012701,Chemical) :: ['serotonin']


abstract: We have shown by site-directed mutagenesis that the sequence between positions -69 and -40 of the @entity19 alpha A-crystallin gene is crucial for tissue-specific gene expression in a transfected @entity19 lens epithelial cell line transformed with the early region of @entity2235 . Gel retardation experiments with synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides revealed a @entity19 lens nuclear protein which bound specifically to the palindromic sequence 5'-GGGAAATCCC-3' at positions -66 to -57 in the alpha A-crystallin promoter. By screening a @entity5999 gt11 expression library of the transformed lens cells, we isolated a 2.5-kilobase-pair cDNA encoding a fusion protein which bound to this sequence and to the regulatory element of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I gene. This cDNA hybridized to a 10-kilobase-pair polyadenylated RNA present in many different tissues, including lens. It encoded a protein, tentatively called alpha A- @entity54313 , containing at least two zinc fingers. alpha A- @entity54313 is either homologous or very similar to the @entity1 nuclear proteins @entity54313 (Baldwin et al., Mol. Cell. Biol. 10:1406-1414, 1990), PRDII-BFI (Fan and Maniatis, Genes Dev. 4:29-42, 1990), and @entity645 -EP1 (Maekawa et al., J. Biol. Chem. 264:14591-14593, 1989), which bind to regulatory elements of the MHC class I, beta interferon, and @entity1 @entity465 virus genes, respectively. Our results suggest that the lens-specific alpha A-crystallin, MHC class I, beta interferon and other genes have a similar cis-acting DNA regulatory motif that shares alpha A-CRYBPI, @entity54313 , PRDII-BF1, @entity645 -EP1, or other closely related proteins as trans-acting factors.

title: Regulation of the XXXX alpha A-crystallin gene: isolation of a cDNA encoding a protein that binds to a cis sequence motif shared with the major histocompatibility complex class I gene and other genes.

entities_list: @entity5999 :: ('10710', 'Species') :: ['bacteriophage lambda']

entities_list: @entity465 :: ('MESH:D007153', 'Disease') :: ['immunodeficiency']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine how many cases of @entity0 might be found if @entity1 not known to have the disease were thoroughly examined (the disease "reservoir"). DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE search from 1966 to the present. STUDY SELECTION: Hospital-based and forensic autopsy series examining @entity1 not known to have had @entity0 during life. DATA EXTRACTION: Observed prevalence of occult @entity0 or @entity3821 ( @entity3821 ) in which the number of @entity1 who were given a diagnosis was the numerator and the number of @entity1 examined was the denominator. For each autopsy series, we attempted to ascertain the level of scrutiny (sampling method, number of slides examined) given to the pathologic specimens. DATA SYNTHESIS: Among seven autopsy series of @entity1 not known to have had @entity0 during life, the median prevalence of @entity0 was 1.3% (range, 0% to 1.8%) and the median prevalence of @entity3821 was 8.9% (range, 0% to 14.7%). Prevalences were higher among @entity1 likely to have been screened (that is, @entity1 40 to 70 years of age). The mean number of slides examined per breast ranged from 9 to 275; series that reported higher levels of scrutiny tended to discover more cases of @entity5 . CONCLUSIONS: A substantial reservoir of @entity3821 is undetected during life. How hard pathologists look for the disease and, perhaps, their threshold for making the diagnosis are potentially important factors in determining how many cases of @entity3821 are diagnosed. The latter has important implications for what it means to have the disease.

title: Using autopsy series to estimate the disease "reservoir" for @entity3821 of the breast: how much more XXXX can we find?

entities_list: @entity3821 :: ('MESH:D002285', 'Disease') :: ['ductal carcinoma in situ', 'DCIS']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer', 'invasive breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: @entity5755 ( @entity5755 ) receptors are exclusively distributed in small-sized neurons in trigeminal and dorsal root ganglia (DRG). We investigated the effects of MrgC receptor activation on inflammatory @entity1931 and its mechanisms. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: A selective MrgC receptor agonist, @entity291 adrenal medulla peptide 8-22 (BAM8-22) or melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) or the  -opioid receptor (MOR) antagonist CTAP was administered intrathecally (i.t.) in @entity35 injected with complete Freund's adjuvant ( @entity3795 ) in one hindpaw. Thermal and mechanical nociceptive responses were assessed. Neurochemicals were measured by immunocytochemistry, Western blot, ELISA and RT-PCR. KEY RESULTS: @entity3795 injection increased mRNA for MrgC receptors in lumbar DRG. BAM8-22 or @entity5067 , given i.t., generated instant short and delayed long-lasting attenuations of @entity3795 -induced thermal @entity1931 , but not mechanical @entity1931 . These effects were associated with decreased up-regulation of @entity2821 ( @entity2821 ), @entity10132 and @entity1639 expression in the spinal dorsal horn and/or DRG. However, i.t. administration of CTAP blocked the induction by BAM8-22 of delayed anti- @entity1931 and inhibition of @entity2821 and @entity10132 expression in DRG. BAM8-22 also increased mRNA for MORs and @entity4545 , along with b-endorphin content in the lumbar spinal cord and/or DRG. MrgC receptors and @entity2821 were co-localized in DRG neurons. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: Activation of MrgC receptors suppressed up-regulation of pronociceptive mediators and consequently inhibited @entity158 , because of the activation of up-regulated MrgC receptors and subsequent endogenous activity at MORs. The uniquely distributed MrgC receptors could be a novel target for relieving @entity158 .

title: Effect of Mas-related gene ( @entity5755 ) receptors on @entity1931 in @entity35 with XXXX -induced inflammation via direct and indirect mechanisms.

entities_list: @entity4545 :: ('5443', 'Gene') :: ['pro-opiomelanocortin']

entities_list: @entity1931 :: ('MESH:D006930', 'Disease') :: ['hyperalgesia', 'allodynia']

entities_list: @entity5755 :: ('116511', 'Gene') :: ['Mas oncogene-related gene', 'Mrg']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory pain']

answer: @entity3795 :: (31658,Species) :: ['CFA']


abstract: The @entity1 heart tissue has a limited capacity for regeneration. Tissue and cellular therapies based on the use of stem cells may be useful alternatives to limit the size of @entity583 . In this paper, the preliminary results from an experimental campaign for on-line monitoring of myocardium scar @entity1188 are presented. This study has been carried out under a research project that has as main objective the development and application of a bioactive patch implant for regeneration of @entity583 . Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) has been chosen as a tissue state monitoring technique. What is presented in this communication is the first results of an implantable EIS measurement system which has been implanted in a subset of the animals corresponding to the control group, along one month. In all the animals, the @entity583 was induced by the ligation of the first circumflex marginal artery. In the animal group presented, the bioactive patch scaffold and the electrodes were implanted without the stem cells load. The scaffold is a piece of decellularized @entity1 pericardium, lyophilized and rehydrated with hydrogel RAD16-I. Nanogold particles were also placed near the electrodes to improve the electrode area conductivity. The results presented correspond to the subset of animals (n = 5), which had implanted the bioimpedance system monitoring the electrical impedance spectrum in vivo during 1 month. Two electrodes were connected to the bioactive patch implant. A total of 14 logarithmically spaced frequencies were measured every 5 minutes, from 100 Hz to 200 kHz. Results show a convergence of low-frequency and high frequency impedance magnitudes along the measurement period, which is coherent with the scar formation.

title: Towards on line monitoring the evolution of the XXXX scar with an implantable electrical impedance spectrum monitoring system.

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarction']

answer: @entity1188 :: (MESH:D007238,Disease) :: ['myocardium infarction']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Solid @entity5 (SPNs) are rare @entity5 of the exocrine @entity788 . Although they can develop @entity3 , the prognosis is good. The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics of these @entity5 attended in our hospital. @entity1 AND METHOD: All cases of @entity5113 in the database of the Pathology Department between 1991 and 2010 were included. Age, sex, symptoms, type of surgery, pathologic and immunohistochemical characteristics, and clinical evolution were analyzed. RESULTS: Six cases were identified; all of them were @entity1 with a median age of 27.5 years. One @entity1 presented haemoperitoneum, 2 @entity490 and 3 were diagnosed incidentally. The most frequent localization was the pancreatic tail (n=4) and the median size was 7.7 cm. Four @entity5 were @entity189 . One of them had liver and lymph node @entity3 . Ki-67 proliferation index was low (1-3%). After a median follow-up of 33.5 months, all @entity1 were alive and without evidence of relapse. CONCLUSION: SPNs occur in young @entity1 . In most cases surgical resection is curative. A low mitotic index confers a good prognosis and a long survival.

title: [Pseudopapillary solid XXXX of the @entity788 : report of 6 cases].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours', 'pseudopapillary neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['benign and 2 carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'metastases']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumor']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To report an 11-year experience of treatment of hydatid liver cysts with double percutaneous aspiration and injection of @entity167 . METHODS: Of the 129 @entity1 with 174 hydatid liver cysts admitted to our department between January 1988 and January 1999, 79 @entity1 with 119 vital hydatid liver cysts were selected for double percutaneous aspiration and injection of @entity167 . Under ultrasonographic guidance, cystic cavities were first drained through fine needles, and then 95% sterile @entity1068 was injected and left in situ. The same procedure was repeated 3 days later without reaspiration of the injected @entity167 . General anesthesia without endotracheal intubation was performed in 21 selected cases. RESULTS: Double percutaneous aspiration and injection of @entity167 was completed in 78 @entity1 with 118 hydatid liver cysts. In 1 case the procedure could not be accomplished because of an intracystic @entity548 . A total of 254 punctures were performed, and the @entity1068 injected per session ranged between 12 and 250 mL. The mean hospital stay was 2.9 days (range, 2-7 days). The overall median follow-up was 48 months (range, 6-122 months). At the last ultrasonographic examination, 45.8% of the treated hydatid liver cysts had a solid pattern, 47.4% were no longer appreciable, and 6.8% had a minimal liquid component. Intracystic relapse occurred in 5% of the @entity1 . In no case were any new cysts observed either in different hepatic segments or in any extrahepatic location. The morbidity rate was 9%, and 1 @entity204 occurred (mortality rate, 1.3%). CONCLUSIONS: Over a long period, double percutaneous aspiration and injection of @entity167 proved to be a substantially safe, effective, and low-cost procedure for hydatid liver cyst treatment.

title: Hydatid liver cyst: an 11-year experience of treatment with percutaneous aspiration and XXXX injection.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

answer: @entity1068 :: (MESH:D000431,Chemical) :: ['ethanol']


abstract: Atrial and brain natriuretic peptides (ANP and BNP) exist in the central nervous system and modulate neuronal function, although the locus of actions and physiological mechanisms are still unclear. In the present study we used @entity35 spinal sacral dorsal commissural nucleus (SDCN) and hippocampal 'synaptic bouton' preparations, to record both spontaneous and evoked glycinergic inhibitory postsynaptic currents (sIPSCs and eIPSCs) in SDCN neurons, and the evoked excitatory postsynaptic currents (eEPSCs) in hippocampal @entity1251 neurons. ANP potently and significantly reduced the sIPSC frequency without affecting the amplitude. ANP also potently reduced the eIPSCs amplitude concurrently increasing the failure rate and the paired pulse ratio response. These ANP actions were blocked by @entity54061 , a specific type A natriuretic peptide receptor ( @entity28353 ) antagonist. The results clearly indicate that ANP acts directly on glycinergic presynaptic nerve terminals to inhibit @entity2228 release via presynaptic @entity28353 . The ANP effects were not blocked by the membrane permeable @entity6708 analog ( @entity11255 ) suggesting a transduction mechanisms not simply related to increasing @entity6708 levels in nerve terminals. BNP did not affect on glycinergic sIPSCs and eIPSCs. Moreover, both ANP and BNP had no effect on glutamatergic EPSCs in hippocampal @entity1251 neurons. The results indicate a potent and selective presynaptic inhibitory action of ANP on glycinergic transmission in spinal cord sensory circuits.

title: Potent and direct presynaptic modulation of glycinergic transmission in XXXX spinal neurons by atrial natriuretic peptide.

entities_list: @entity2228 :: ('CHEBI:57305', 'Chemical') :: ['glycine']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: @entity670 , the most abundant @entity3093 present in soybean has antiproliferative effects on a variety of @entity5 cells, including @entity263 . However, the molecular mechanism of antiproliferative effects of @entity670 is not entirely understood. Because the activation of telomerase is crucial for cells to gain immortality and proliferation ability, we examined the role of @entity670 in the regulation of telomerase activity in @entity263 cells. Here, we show that @entity670 -induced inhibition in cell proliferation is associated with a reduction in telomerase activity. Using reverse transcriptase-PCR and @entity2215 promoter activity assays, we showed that @entity670 decreased @entity2215 expression and transcriptional activity dose-dependently. Using various deleted @entity2215 promoter constructs, we defined that the @entity2215 core promoter is enough to observe the @entity670 -induced repression of @entity2215 transcriptional activity. Because @entity517 is involved in transcriptional regulation of @entity2215 , @entity517 expression was examined. A dose-dependent decrease in @entity517 message and proteins was observed with @entity670 treatment. These results indicate that @entity670 represses @entity2215 transcriptional activity via the down-regulation of @entity517 expression. However, @entity670 -induced repression of @entity2215 transcriptional activity was not blocked by the mutation of @entity517 at the @entity2215 promoter, suggesting that additional factors are involved in @entity670 -dependent repression of telomerase activity. Interestingly, we observed that @entity670 down-regulates the activation of Akt thereby phosphorylation of @entity2215 and inhibits its translocation to the nucleus. These results show for the first time that @entity670 represses telomerase activity in @entity263 cells not only by repressing @entity2215 transcriptional activity via @entity517 but also by posttranslational modification of @entity2215 via Akt.

title: XXXX represses telomerase activity via both transcriptional and posttranslational mechanisms in human @entity263 cells.

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity3093 :: ('CHEBI:18220', 'Chemical') :: ['isoflavone']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity670 :: ('MESH:D019833', 'Chemical') :: ['genistein', 'Genistein']

answer: @entity670 :: (MESH:D019833,Chemical) :: ['Genistein']


abstract: The purpose of this work was to determine whether the osmotic dysequilibrium created by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of pure water has any permanent, damaging toxic sequelae. @entity35 were injected i.p. with pure water on five successive days. Necropsies were performed 1 week after the last injection. Necropsies revealed @entity82 of peritoneal surfaces of liver and spleen, similar to the effects of chemical irritants but milder. The severity of the lesions depended on the dose of water and the number of injections. A few minutes of contact with pure water was sufficient to ensure subsequent development of @entity82 . Soon after the initial injury, the inoculum became less @entity2421 and then isotonic. Isotonic or moderately @entity2421 electrolyte solutions did not produce peritoneal @entity82 but @entity2421 were toxic. Injection of the synthetic compound 48/80, which is known to cause discharge of mast cell granules, did not produce @entity298 , nor was contamination by endotoxin or by blood responsible for the lesions. Injection of water may be a useful method for investigating the role, if any, of mast cells and/or mesothelial cells in the toxic effects of osmotic dysequilibrium.

title: Peritoneal toxicity of water: a model of XXXX caused by osmotic dysequilibrium in @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity2421 :: ('MESH:D009123', 'Disease') :: ['hypotonic', 'very hypotonic solutions']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['peritonitis']

answer: @entity298 :: (MESH:D010538,Disease) :: ['chronic peritonitis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Prospective evaluation of the use of blood @entity413 test results for treatment actions by families of youth with @entity1723 . RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Forty-seven @entity1 with @entity1723 used reflectance meters with memory for SMBG for 28 days. Parents kept weekly diaries of six types of uses of SMBG data. We collected SMBG data from the reflectance meters, @entity4051 and serum @entity9208 assays, and measures of behavioral factors that could affect use of SMBG data. RESULTS: Families recorded a mean of 4.85 data-based actions during the 28-day study, and 74% of the families reported at least one such action. Fifty percent of recorded actions consisted of management of @entity4053 and, among the remainder, only 18% were anticipatory, proactive actions. Partial correlation analysis showed that families with more frequent use of SMBG data had less parent- @entity1 conflict about @entity6 , more @entity6 knowledge, and better overall treatment adherence. Use of SMBG data was unrelated to objective indices of the need for treatment adjustments or to @entity6 control. CONCLUSIONS: Most families made active use of their SMBG data, but few of these actions were proactive. Behavioral factors were stronger predictors of family use of SMBG data than were objective indices of the need for treatment adjustments. The results illustrate the need for further research on use of SMBG data and methods to enhance its impact on @entity6 control.

title: Use of blood @entity413 data by families of @entity1 and adolescents with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'child']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity9208 :: ('MESH:D019270', 'Chemical') :: ['fructosamine']

entities_list: @entity4053 :: ('MESH:D007003', 'Disease') :: ['hypoglycemia']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity1723 :: (MESH:D003922,Disease) :: ['IDDM']


abstract: This article reviews the preliminary but encouraging clinical data obtained from @entity1 with @entity902 -refractory clear cell or mucinous @entity43 who were treated with a chemotherapy regimen including @entity2600 ( @entity2600 ). Twenty-five @entity1 with @entity902 -refractory macroscopic disease of which histologic type was either clear cell or mucinous @entity189 were treated. @entity2600 was administered at a dose of 120 mg/m2 intravenously (i.v.) over 4 hours on days 1 and 15, and @entity1138 (MMC) was given IV as a bolus at a dose of 7 mg/m2 on days 1 and 15. At least 2 cycles of this regimen, 4 weeks apart, were given to the 25 @entity1 . After a median of 4 cycles (range 2 to 8), we observed objective responses in 13 @entity1 (52%), with 5 complete responses (CRs; 20%) and 8 (32%) partial responses (PRs) (95% confidence interval, 32.4% to 71.6%, 4.3% to 35.7%, 13.7% to 50.3%, respectively). The median overall survival time for all 25 @entity1 was 15.3 months (range 3.5 to 38.0). Median overall survival time of the responders was 33.7 months versus 6.1 months of the non-responders (Log-rank, P = 0.0003). The median progression-free survival times for @entity1 obtaining CR, PR, and CR+PR were 31.8 months (range 12.9 to 34.4), 10.5 months (range 5.6 to 18.2), and 12.9 months (range 5.6 to 34.4), respectively. Toxic effects were acceptable and included manageable haematologic reactions, @entity294 , @entity390 / @entity391 , and @entity1665 .

title: A phase II study of combined @entity2600 and @entity1138 in @entity902 refractory clear cell and mucinous XXXX .

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma of the ovary']

entities_list: @entity2600 :: ('MESH:C051890', 'Chemical') :: ['irinotecan hydrochloride', 'CPT-11']

entities_list: @entity1138 :: ('MESH:D016685', 'Chemical') :: ['mitomycin-C']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhoea']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['platinum']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['ovarian carcinoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This research investigated the impact of adolescent onset @entity162 on perceived family functioning in stabilized bipolar I (B) and unipolar (U) probands, and normal controls (C). METHOD: Sample N=119: 44 bipolar 1(17 M, 27 F), 30 unipolar (9 M, 21 F), and 45 controls (19 M, 26 F). Mean ages: 19.9, 18.5 and 18.2 years, respectively. INSTRUMENTS: Family Adaptability and Cohesion Scale (FACES II), Parent-Adolescent Communication Scales (PACS), Social Adjustment Inventory for @entity1 and Adolescents (SAICA). RESULTS: There were no significant group or sex differences between controls and mood disordered youth--assessed intermorbidly--in ratings of relationship with either parent. Bipolars acknowledged significantly more minor conflicts with parents than either unipolars or controls. Ratings by mood disordered subjects were significantly less positive in terms of shared activities and communication with siblings. Mood disordered youth and controls were not differentiated on the basis of family adaptability, and all family cohesion scores were within population norms. No significant group differences were observed in communication with parents. LIMITATIONS: This self-report study was conducted intermorbidly, does not include objective measures of family functioning, nor does it assess the effect of @entity146 in other family members on family functioning. CONCLUSIONS: Assessed intermorbidly, bipolar adolescents' perceptions of family dynamics do not seem to diverge significantly from controls. Further research is needed to investigate the impact of adolescent @entity162 on family life during acute phases of the illness, as well as the effect on family functioning of @entity146 in other family members.

title: Impact of early onset XXXX on family functioning: adolescents' perceptions of family dynamics, communication, and problems.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Children']

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['bipolar illness']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric disorders', 'psychiatric illness']

answer: @entity162 :: (MESH:D001714,Disease) :: ['bipolar disorder']


abstract: @entity2114 was mutagenized with Tn903dIIlacZ, and a collection of mutants was screened for defects in macrophage killing ( @entity54374 -). Of 4,564 independently derived mutants, 55 (1.2%) showed a reduced or complete lack in the ability to kill HL-60-derived @entity1 macrophages. Forty-nine of the @entity54374 - mutants could be assigned to one of 16 DNA hybridization groups. Only one group (9 of the 10 members) could be complemented for macrophage killing by a DNA fragment containing icm and dot, two recently described @entity2114 loci that are required for macrophage killing. Phenotypic analysis showed that none of the mutants were any more sensitive than the wild type to human serum, oxidants, @entity68 chelators, or lipophilic reagents nor did they require additional nutrients for growth. The only obvious difference between the @entity54374 -mutants and wild-type @entity2114 was that almost all of the @entity54374 - mutants were resistant to @entity1219 . The effects of @entity4113 paralleled the effects of @entity1219 but were less pronounced. Resistance to salt and the inability to kill @entity1 macrophages are linked since both phenotypes appeared when Tn903dIIlacZ mutations from two @entity54374 - strains were transferred to wild-type backgrounds. However, salt sensitivity is not a requisite for killing macrophages since a group of @entity54374 - mutants containing a plasmid that restored macrophage killing remained resistant to @entity1219 . @entity54374 - mutants from groups I through IX associated with HL-60 cells similarly to wild-type @entity2114 . However, like the intracellular-multiplication-defective (icm) mutant 25D, the @entity54374 - mutants were unable to multiply within macrophages. Thus, the ability of @entity2114 to kill macrophages seems to be determined by many genetic loci, almost all of which are associated with sensitivity to @entity1219 .

title: Identification of XXXX genes required for growth within and killing of @entity1 macrophages.

entities_list: @entity2114 :: ('446', 'Species') :: ['Legionella pneumophila', 'L. pneumophila']

answer: @entity2114 :: (446,Species) :: ['Legionella pneumophila']


abstract: 1. The febrile sensitivity of male @entity35 to microinjections of @entity5015 ( @entity5014 ) was investigated at three different locations in the rostromedial hypothalamic region. These were the preoptic anterior hypothalamic area (PO-AH), the organum vasculosum laminae terminalis (OVLT) and the rostral third ventricle (3V). 2. Stainless-steel cannula guide tubes were implanted in the OVLT region of one group of animals, within the PO-AH area of a second group and into the third ventricle of a third group of @entity35 . After their recovery, the febrile response of each group was tested to a variety of doses of @entity5014 , each administered in a volume of 1 microliter sterile 0.9% saline, via a sterile cannula inserted into the implanted guide tubes. Metabolic, vasomotor and rectal temperature changes were monitored continuously for the duration of the fevers. 3. Surprisingly, not only did the introduction of @entity5014 into the OVLT region produce fevers, but the sensitivity of this region to @entity5014 in the production of fever greatly exceeded that of the PO-AH area and the third ventricle. Fevers produced by microinjection of @entity5014 into the PO-AH and 3V were identical. 4. Doses of @entity5014 as low as 0.5 ng injected into the OVLT produced fevers of 0.5 degrees C. The fever dose threshold for the OVLT region was one-fifth those of the PO-AH area and the 3V, and the slope of the OVLT dose-response curve was twice those of the PO-AH and the 3V dose-response curves. 5. This study demonstrates that there is an anatomically distinct, regional sensitivity in the febrile responsiveness to @entity5014 within the hypothalamus. These results are interpreted as evidence that the site of action of @entity5014 in the production of fever is located within or immediately adjacent to the OVLT region, rather than within the medial PO-AH neuropil as has been believed previously.

title: Differential sensitivity in the sites of fever production by XXXX within the hypothalamus of the @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague-Dawley rats', 'rats']

entities_list: @entity5015 :: ('MESH:D000527', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandin E1']

answer: @entity5015 :: (MESH:D000527,Chemical) :: ['prostaglandin E1']


abstract: This is a retrospective study of 32 cases of @entity1944 sustained among 135 @entity1 admitted from cases of @entity1661 in 1976 till 1989. Falls from height or bullock cart and bull-gore injury formed the majority of the cases (21/32; 65%). Clinical thermometer accounted for perforating injuries in 2 neonates. @entity2982 accounted for 10 cases and blunt @entity130 was responsible in 19. The site of injury was duodenum 1, jejunum 8, ileum 17, colon 3, rectum 4, and multiple sites 1. Associated injuries included @entity397 1, liver 1, mesentery 4, retroperitoneal @entity1410 4, @entity542 2, and loss of hand due to @entity11342 . Diagnosis was made on history, physical examination, @entity516 in plain x-ray, and diagnostic four-quadrant peritoneal tap. Closure of perforations was done in 21 cases, wedge resection in 3, and resection @entity254 in 5. Protective colostomy had to be done in 5 cases. Four @entity1 died of @entity295 (2) and @entity542 (2).

title: XXXX in childhood: analysis of 32 cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1944 :: ('MESH:D007410', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal injuries']

entities_list: @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['septicemia']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity1661 :: ('MESH:D000008', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal trauma']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['head injury']

entities_list: @entity2982 :: ('MESH:D020197', 'Disease') :: ['Penetrating injury']

entities_list: @entity397 :: ('MESH:D012421', 'Disease') :: ['diaphragmatic rupture']

entities_list: @entity516 :: ('MESH:D011027', 'Disease') :: ['pneumoperitoneum']

answer: @entity1944 :: (MESH:D007410,Disease) :: ['Intestinal injuries']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The aim of present study was to investigate pulp-dentin complex reactions following direct pulp capping (DPC) with @entity6086 [ @entity15383 ] and @entity3413 as pulp-capping materials in the primary @entity1 molars. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 120 primary molar teeth which had to be extracted for orthodontic reasons were randomly allocated into four groups. Group    as a control, underwent DPC with @entity6086 . The dental pulp in group     ,        and   V were directly capped with @entity3413 -based materials at concentrations of 1, 5 and 10   M, respectively. All of the teeth were restored with stainless steel crown. After a mean period of 7.41 months teeth were extracted and processed for histological examination and categorized in terms of hard tissue formation and pulp @entity32 . RESULTS: Teeth in group I had statistically favorable outcomes in hard tissue formation and pulp @entity32 than did the groups     ,        and   V (P < 0.001). Considering three different concentrations of @entity3413 , the result showed a dose dependent trend. Teeth in group   V showed significantly lower rates of hard tissue formation and higher rates of pulp @entity32 and @entity39 compared to those of groups      (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The findings of this study depicted that healing with no @entity32 and hard tissue formation following @entity1780 treatment occurs with a lower rate than that with the @entity6086 .

title: XXXX versus @entity6086 Direct Pulp Capping of @entity1 Primary Molars: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity3413 :: ('MESH:D019821', 'Chemical') :: ['simvastatin']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity6086 :: ('MESH:D002126', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium hydroxide']

answer: @entity3413 :: (MESH:D019821,Chemical) :: ['Simvastatin']


abstract: @entity4309 is a @entity74 that often develops in @entity1 with @entity1204 and is caused by abnormal DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes. In the United States, it was recently reported that the prevalence of @entity4309 with an @entity4311 mutation in @entity1 with @entity1204 in the lower uterine segment (LUS) is much greater than that in @entity1 with @entity1204 , although no such reports have been published in Asia. In this study, we examined the correlation between @entity1204 in @entity1347 in MMR genes. We examined 625 @entity1 , who were diagnosed with @entity1204 and underwent a hysterectomy. Nine @entity1 (1.4%) had @entity5 based on pathological confirmation of a @entity5 in the lower part of the uterus and no @entity5 in the upper part. These cases were compared with 27 cases of sporadic endometrial (non-LUS) @entity5 . The age and BMI of the @entity1 with @entity5 were significantly lower than those of the @entity1 with non- @entity5 . No differences were observed in the pathological characteristics. The @entity124 ( @entity124 )-positive rates were similar. Immunohistochemistry showed a decreased expression of @entity6756 and @entity4638 in @entity1 with @entity5 . In contrast with earlier reports from the United States, @entity4311 was expressed in all the cases. Of the 2 @entity1 with @entity5 who exhibited high @entity124 , 1 @entity1 showed abnormal methylation of @entity6756 , while the other @entity1 was diagnosed with @entity4309 with a mutation in the @entity6756 gene. This is the second report on the relationship of @entity5 and @entity4309 , and the first to describe an Asian @entity1 with @entity5 with @entity4309 induced by an @entity6756 mutation.

title: Relationship of lower uterine segment XXXX with @entity4309 : a novel case with an @entity6756 germline mutation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1204 :: ('MESH:D016889', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial cancer']

entities_list: @entity124 :: ('MESH:D053842', 'Disease') :: ['MSI', 'microsatellite instability']

entities_list: @entity4309 :: ('MESH:D003123', 'Disease') :: ['Lynch syndrome']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'LUS cancer', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity1347 :: ('MESH:C537775', 'Disease') :: ['LUS and abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['genetic disease']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: Recently several reports have described the usefulness of @entity6882 as the sole agent for spinal anesthesia. In this study, @entity6882 50mg mixed with 10% @entity413 0.5ml was used for the spinal anesthetic agent for Cesarean section in 182 cases. The subarachnoid injection of @entity6882 resulted in anesthesia similar to that noted with the intrathecal administration of local anesthetics. Sensory and motor blockades in all @entity1 with @entity6882 spinal anesthesia were obtained. Prolonged analgesic effect (453.7 +/- 158.1 minutes) and rapid motor recovery (75.9 +/- 17.2 minutes) were obtained. Side effects included @entity390 (49 @entity1 ), @entity551 (95 @entity1 ) and @entity111 (30 @entity1 ). @entity551 was easily treated with rapid hydration and @entity6358 . Eighteen @entity1 complained of mild @entity158 during the last period of operation. At birth, all newborns cried immediately and the mean Apgar scores were 9.8 +/- 0.4 at one minute and 10 at 5 minutes. It is concluded that @entity6882 , which has advantages such as rapid motor recovery, prolonged @entity86 , and mild complications which may be easily treated, can serve as a good alternative agent for spinal anesthesia for Cesarean section.

title: Intrathecal XXXX as the sole agent for cesarean section.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6358 :: ('MESH:D004809', 'Chemical') :: ['ephedrine']

entities_list: @entity111 :: ('MESH:D011537', 'Disease') :: ['pruritus']

entities_list: @entity6882 :: ('MESH:D008614', 'Chemical') :: ['meperidine']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative analgesia']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['Hypotension', 'hypotension']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['dextrose']

answer: @entity6882 :: (MESH:D008614,Chemical) :: ['meperidine']


abstract: PURPOSE: This study aimed to retrospectively evaluate the radiological features between rapid- and slow-growing @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-five pathologically proven RCCs were reviewed with computed tomography (CT). Each @entity5 underwent at least 2 CT sessions. Growth rate was evaluated in terms of its maximal diameter and volume change with the serial CT scan. We reviewed 8 reports from 8 single-institution series in the world literature regarding growth rate of RCCs and determined mean growth rate. Slow- and rapid-growing RCCs were compared in relation to several radiological factors ( @entity5 shape, initial size, initial volume, initial location, enhancement pattern, and cystic change). In addition, we evaluated differences in growth rate between asymptomatic and symptomatic RCCs. RESULTS: The mean diameter growth rate of @entity1358 was determined as 0.49 cm/y (8 studies, 126 cases). There were 14 cases of rapid-growing RCCs (mean growth rate, 1.3 cm/y) and 11 cases of slow-growing RCCs (mean growth rate, 0.1 cm/y). The slow-growing @entity5 showed round shape, small initial size, small initial volume, and outer location of the kidney compared with the rapid-growing @entity5 . Sixteen @entity1 (64%) were treated for incidental and 9 @entity1 (36%) were treated for symptomatic RCCs. The asymptomatic RCCs grew at a slow rate both diametrically (P = 0.007) and volumetrically (P = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS: Rapid- and slow-growing RCCs tend to show some different radiological features with respect to @entity5 shape, initial size, initial volume, and location. Radiological features may be helpful to predict growth rate.

title: Differentiating radiological features of rapid- and slow-growing XXXX using multidetector computed tomography.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['renal cell carcinoma', 'RCC']

answer: @entity1358 :: (MESH:D002292,Disease) :: ['renal cell carcinoma']


abstract: Cell adhesion molecules are surface proteins important for cell migration and adhesion and are strongly expressed in eyes with @entity32 . We studied the expression of two cell adhesion molecules: @entity8024 ( @entity8024 , @entity8024 ) and @entity12213 ( @entity12213 , @entity4459 / @entity12213 ) in @entity19 with experimental autoimmune @entity1596 . B10.A @entity19 were immunized with interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein and eyes were serially examined for expression of cell adhesion molecules using immunohistochemical staining. @entity8024 was expressed on the vascular endothelium of the ciliary body and retina by 7 days after immunization, and @entity12213 was first expressed on some infiltrating inflammatory cells 9 days after immunization. Clear histologic evidence of @entity32 did not occur until 11 days after immunization. We then studied the effect of monoclonal antibodies against @entity8024 and @entity12213 on the development of experimental autoimmune @entity1596 . Three groups of @entity19 were immunized and treated for 21 days with daily intraperitoneal injections of rat monoclonal antibody against @entity19 @entity8024 or @entity12213 or with rat IgG as control. @entity32 , graded clinically by examination of the fundus 14 and 21 days after immunization, was significantly decreased in animals treated with anti- @entity8024 (P < 0.01 at Days 14 and 21) and with anti- @entity12213 antibody (P < 0.01 at Days 14 and 21). The intraocular @entity32 graded histologically was also decreased in @entity19 treated with anti- @entity8024 and anti- @entity12213 antibody. This difference in the histologic grade of @entity32 was statistically significant (P < 0.02) between @entity19 treated with anti- @entity8024 antibody and control @entity19 and approached statistical significance (P < 0.10) in @entity19 treated with anti- @entity12213 antibody compared to the control @entity19 . Proliferative responses to lipopolysaccharide, @entity10155 , and interphotoreceptor binding protein of lymphocytes obtained from the draining lymph nodes of @entity19 treated with the antibodies were lower than those from the control @entity19 , suggesting that cell-cell binding was impaired in treated @entity19 . These data show that @entity8024 is expressed in the eye before histologic evidence of @entity32 , and that monoclonal antibodies against @entity8024 and @entity12213 are effective in inhibiting experimental autoimmune @entity1596 in @entity19 .

title: Monoclonal antibodies against @entity8024 ( @entity8024 ) and XXXX ( @entity4459 / @entity12213 ) inhibit experimental autoimmune @entity1596 .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['Ocular inflammation', 'inflammation', 'ocular inflammation']

entities_list: @entity12213 :: ('16414(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['CD18', 'lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1', 'LFA-1']

entities_list: @entity8024 :: ('15894(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['ICAM-1', 'intercellular adhesion molecule-1', 'CD54']

answer: @entity12213 :: (16414(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['LFA-1']


abstract: @entity2799 ( @entity2799 ) has been associated with a favourable prognosis in many studies of @entity3052 . A series of 54 @entity1 treated at the Royal Marsden Hospital between 1979 and 1996, with @entity2799 and the t(15;17) chromosome translocation at presentation, was examined for the effect of additional @entity2008 in their presentation karyotype on survival. The @entity1 were aged between 2 and 62 years with a median age of 31 years. There were approximately equal numbers of males and females. Presentation white cell count ranged from O.7 to 156 x 10(9)/l with a median of 1.0 x 10(9)/l. 39% of @entity1 (21/54) had additional @entity2008 at presentation. Statistical analyses were performed for factors thought to influence survival such as age, sex, white cell count, and number of courses of chemotherapy required to enter remission. These showed that the presence of additional @entity2008 has an adverse effect on prognosis, independent of other prognostic indicators, reducing it to the level of @entity1 with @entity3052 from less-favourable cytogenetic subgroups. These data indicate that additional therapeutic strategies may be required in @entity1 with @entity2799 who demonstrate cytogenetic aberrations over and above the t(15;17) at presentation. The biological basis for the more aggressive nature of these cases remains to be determined.

title: @entity2008 confer worse prognosis in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2008 :: ('MESH:D002869', 'Disease') :: ['chromosome abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity2799 :: ('MESH:D015473', 'Disease') :: ['APL', 'Acute promyelocytic leukaemia']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute myeloid leukaemia', 'AML']

answer: @entity2799 :: (MESH:D015473,Disease) :: ['acute promyelocytic leukaemia']


abstract: Because of encouraging response rates published with recombinant @entity1199 ( @entity5041 ) alone in @entity320 ( @entity320 ), @entity2699 (DTIC) and @entity5041 were sequentially combined to evaluate efficacy, @entity137 , pharmacokinetics, and immunologic interaction. Thirty-two @entity1 aged 18 to 67 years have received 127 courses of treatment. The dose of @entity2699 was 1.0 g/m2 as a 24-hour infusion every 28 days on day 1. Recombinant @entity1199 (2.0, 3.0, 4.0, or 5.0 x 10(6) Cetus units/m2) was administered as a 30-minute infusion on days 15 through 19 and 22 through 26 of each 28-day cycle. Seven of 32 @entity1 (22%) who received therapy had a remission, one complete and six partial. The complete response was in a lung mass. Partial responses were seen in lymph nodes, liver, and lung. The median duration of response was 4.7 months. One @entity1 is in persistent partial remission of the liver for greater than 2 years. One @entity1 had residual mediastinal disease resected after partial response and remains without evidence of disease for 18+ months. This regimen was generally well tolerated, did not create overlapping @entity137 , and produced encouraging responses in visceral sites. This provides a framework for future combinations of chemotherapy with @entity5041 alone or in combination with other biologic response modifiers in an outpatient setting.

title: A phase I-II study of @entity2699 in combination with outpatient @entity1199 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity2699 :: ('MESH:D003606', 'Chemical') :: ['dacarbazine', 'DTIC']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic malignant melanoma', 'MMM']

answer: @entity320 :: (MESH:D008545,Disease) :: ['metastatic malignant melanoma']


abstract: NEW FINDINGS: What is the topic of this review? Reports that bilateral renal denervation in resistant @entity101 @entity1 results in a long-lasting @entity551 raise the question of the underlying mechanisms involved and how they may be deranged in pathophysiological states of @entity101 and @entity177 . What advances does it highlight? The renal sensory afferent nerves and efferent sympathetic nerves work together to exert an important control over extracellular fluid volume, hence the level at which blood pressure is set. This article emphasizes that both the afferent and the efferent renal innervation may contribute to the @entity8 that occurs in @entity740 and resistant @entity101 . Autonomic control is central to cardiovascular homeostasis, and this is exerted not only at the level of the heart and blood vessels but also at the kidney. At the kidney, the sympathetic neural regulation of renin release and fluid reabsorption may influence fluid balance and, in the longer term, the level at which blood pressure is set. The role of the renal innervation in the regulation of blood pressure has received renewed attention over the past few years, following the reports that bilateral renal denervation of resistant @entity101 @entity1 resulted in a marked @entity551 , which has been maintained for several years. Such has been the interest that this approach of renal denervation is being applied in other @entity1 groups with @entity6 , @entity28 and @entity177 , with the hope that there may be a sustained @entity551 as well as the amelioration of some aspects of the @entity209 . However, the factors that come into play to cause the rise in blood pressure in these @entity1 groups, particularly the resistant @entity101 @entity1 , are far from clear. Moreover, the mechanisms leading to the fall in blood pressure following renal denervation of resistant @entity101 @entity1 currently elude our understanding and is therefore an area that requires much more investigation to enhance our insight.

title: The neural regulation of the kidney in XXXX and @entity177 .

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['neural dysregulation of the kidney']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['chronic renal disease']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['reduction in blood pressure']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertension']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The second-generation antipsychotic agents @entity1088 and @entity1037 have been associated with @entity1017 and increased lipid and @entity413 blood levels. Since some of the neurotransmitters that are impaired in @entity146 @entity1 are involved in lipid/ @entity413 metabolism, @entity146 @entity1 may represent a subgroup with a differential profile of adverse metabolic reactions to these medications. The goal of this study was to assess the effects of @entity1088 and @entity1037 in comparison to the first-generation agent @entity1767 on these metabolic parameters in @entity146 @entity1 with @entity161 . METHOD: 110 inpatients with @entity161 and a history of physical assaults were included in a randomized double-blind 12-week study. Fasting @entity413 , @entity165 and @entity1674 were collected at baseline and at the end of the study. Ninety-three @entity1 provided blood samples at baseline and at least at one point after randomization to @entity1088 (N=34), @entity1037 (N=31) or @entity1767 (N=28). RESULTS: There were significant differences among the three medication groups in @entity1017 and in increases in blood lipids and @entity413 . @entity1 on @entity1767 showed no increase on any of these parameters. @entity1 on @entity1037 gained the most weight, but @entity1 on @entity1088 had the greatest increases in @entity165 , @entity412 , and @entity413 . An effect of ethnicity was observed, as African-American @entity1 were more likely to develop @entity209 than other ethnic groups, especially on @entity1088 . CONCLUSIONS: In this prospective randomized trial, @entity1088 and @entity1037 were associated with @entity1017 . @entity1088 was associated with increases in both lipids and @entity413 . This effect was most prominent in the African-American @entity1 .

title: XXXX , metabolic parameters, and the impact of race in @entity146 inpatients randomized to double-blind @entity1088 , @entity1037 or @entity1767 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1088 :: ('MESH:D003024', 'Chemical') :: ['Clozapine', 'clozapine']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['weight gain']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity1767 :: ('MESH:D006220', 'Chemical') :: ['haloperidol']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity1037 :: ('MESH:C076029', 'Chemical') :: ['olanzapine']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity1017 :: (MESH:D015430,Disease) :: ['Weight gain']


abstract: Extracellular matrix proteins not only provide structural support, but also modulate cellular behavior by activating signaling pathways. Healing of @entity583 is associated with dynamic changes in the composition of the extracellular matrix; these changes may play an important role in regulating cellular phenotype and gene expression. We examined the time course of extracellular matrix deposition in a @entity235 and @entity19 model of reperfused @entity1188 . In both models, @entity583 resulted in fragmentation and destruction of the cardiac extracellular matrix, extravasation of plasma proteins, such as fibrinogen and fibronectin, and formation of a fibrin-based provisional matrix providing the scaffold for the infiltration of granulation tissue cells. Lysis of the plasma-derived provisional matrix was followed by the formation of a cell-derived network of provisional matrix composed of cellular fibronectin, laminin, and hyaluronic acid and containing matricellular proteins, such as osteopontin and @entity17652 / @entity17652 . Finally, collagen was deposited in the @entity1188 , and the wound matured into a collagen-based scar with low cellular content. Although the @entity235 and @entity19 @entity1188 exhibited a similar pattern of extracellular matrix deposition, deposition of the provisional matrix was more transient in the @entity19 @entity1188 and was followed by earlier formation of a mature collagen-based scar after 7-14 days of reperfusion; at the same timepoint, the @entity235 @entity1188 was highly cellular and evolving. In addition, mature @entity19 @entity1188 showed limited collagen deposition and significant tissue loss leading to the formation of a thin scar. In contrast, @entity235 exhibited extensive collagen accumulation in the infarcted area. These species-specific differences in @entity1188 wound healing should be taken into account when interpreting experimental @entity1188 studies and when attempting to extrapolate the findings to the @entity1 pathological process.

title: Extracellular matrix remodeling in XXXX and @entity19 @entity583 .

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarcts', 'infarct', 'infarction']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'myocardial infarcts']

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['canine']


abstract: Monitoring blood @entity413 is essential for good @entity6 control and even more important when participating in sports. Many variables can have an effect on blood sugar response to aerobic or anaerobic activities. A moderate exercise produces an average fall in plasma @entity413 of approximately 40% of baseline values. The majority of hypoglycaemia episodes occurs in @entity1 with pre-exercise plasma @entity413 concentrations < 120 mg/dl, therefore it is advisable to achieve a blood @entity413 level of at least 120 mg/dl if not higher before starting an exercise in order to prevent hypoglycaemia episodes. Since 15 g of oral @entity413 result in only about a 20-mg/dl rise in @entity413 concentrations, 30-45 g of oral @entity413 may be more appropriate to treat hypoglycaemia during exercise. A sufficient adherence to the physical activity prescribed by the health care professionals it easy to find in the @entity1 with Type 1 @entity6 . According our experience, 60 per cent of the @entity1 report to spend on average 1 hour daily for exercise, proving so to consider physical activity beneficial in the treatment of @entity6 . Glycate haemoglobin levels in these motivated @entity1 were better than in @entity1 exercising sporadically and shortly either at school or in the spare time. Although the health care professionals effort, only half of the @entity1 referred to monitor blood @entity413 levels before, after or before and after the exercise. Only one third of the @entity1 reported to regularly adjust insulin dosage to own response to physical activity. Two third of the @entity1 referred to consume added @entity1735 to avoid hypoglycaemia.

title: Self-monitoring adherence to physical activity in @entity1 and adolescents with type 1 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes', 'diabetes mellitus']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']