abstract: A review of 494 @entity296 at least 3 cm. in one dimension reveal 418 (85 per cent) related to @entity731 coronary lesions, 55 (11 per cent) related to coronary emboli of various types, 18(3.5 per cent) without specific coronary lesions but related to clinical events associated with coronary hypoperfusion, and 3 (0.5 per cent) associated with miscellaneous coronary lesions. In 399 of 418 (96 per cent) @entity731 coronary lesions of all ages complete occlusion (remote of fresh) or histological evidence of lumenal recanalization was present. These coronary lesions were situated within extramural coronary artery segments one to several centimeters proximal to the @entity296 which were confined to the distribution of the respective partially or totally occluded coronary segments. In the @entity731 cornary lesions less than 2 weeks of age partially or totally occlusive @entity715 was found in 67 of 69 (97 per cent) cases and a underlying plaque ulceration, erosion, or @entity397 was present in 64 of 69 (93 per cent) instances. These endothelial and intimal injuries were generally focal in nature, often extending over a length of only 100 to 200 mu. In no instance could it be stated with certainty that the oldest portion of the @entity731 ulceration- @entity715 complex was younger in age than its associated @entity296 . On the contrary, in 10 of 69 (14 per cent) of the cases portion of the coronary @entity715 , usually at the site of plaque ulceration, were histologically older than the @entity296 . In addition, the presence of @entity715 and @entity5922 admixtures further suggested the antecedent nature of the coronary lesion in relation to the @entity296 . @entity731 coronary lesions associated with @entity296 of 2 to 8 weeks of age had identifiable @entity715 in all instances and underlying plaque ulceration, erosions, or @entity397 in 17 of 21 (80 per cent). Endothelial injuries were more difficult to assess due to the obscuring features of organizing lumenal @entity715 . Interface i.e., plaque ulceration, erosions, or @entity397 , were reliably detectable up to approximately on month of age. Coronary arter thromboemboli accounted for a significant percentage of @entity296 , were usually associated with normal or minimal @entity453 , and frequently involved smaller intramural coronary vessels of the heart. Organization and recanalization of thromboemboemboli tended to be rapid and complete so that in the late stages the residual intimal plaque was sometimes difficult to identify. @entity296 related to clinical events associated with coronary artery hypoperfusion centric, and not confined to the distribution of a single coronary artery. They were unassociated with acute coronary lesions and histologically displayed @entity39 more frequently than the embolic and @entity731 . An explanation was found for the overwhelming majority of @entity296 ...

title: The relationship between coronary artery lesions and myocardial infarcts: ulceration of XXXX plaques precipitating coronary thrombosis.

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial lesions', 'myocardial lesion', 'Myocardial lesions']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['contraction band necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5922 :: ('MESH:C536356', 'Disease') :: ['plaque debris']

entities_list: @entity397 :: ('MESH:D012421', 'Disease') :: ['ruptures', 'rupture']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerotic', 'Atherosclerotic', 'atherosclerotic related lesions']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thromboses', 'thrombus']

answer: @entity731 :: (MESH:D050197,Disease) :: ['atherosclerotic']


abstract: BACKGROUND: While the relationship between underage drinking and injury has been well established, few studies have examined whether presenting for an acute injury moderates the efficacy of a brief intervention (BI) on @entity285 misuse. METHOD: @entity1 (aged 14-20) in the emergency department screening positive for risky drinking (AUDIT-C score) completed a baseline assessment, were randomized to conditions [a stand-alone computer-delivered BI (n=277), a therapist-delivered BI (n=278), or a control condition (n=281)], and completed a 3-month follow-up. This secondary analysis of Project U connect examined regression models (controlling for baseline values) to examine the main effects of injury, and the interaction effects of injury by BI condition, on @entity285 consumption and consequences. RESULTS: Among 836 youth enrolled in the randomized controlled trial (mean age = 18.6, 51.6% male, 79.4% Caucasian), 303 (36.2%) had a primary complaint of intentional or unintentional injury. At baseline, injured @entity1 were more likely to be male (p <0.001) and have higher @entity285 consumption (p <0.01), but were less likely to misuse prescription drugs (p=0.02) than those presenting for medical reasons. Regression models (controlling for baseline values) demonstrated that injury presentation predicted greater @entity285 consumption prior to a BI. The computer BI was more effective at reducing @entity285 consequences among those presenting with injury than those presenting for other reasons. Injury did not affect the efficacy of the computer BI on @entity285 consumption, and injury did not affect the efficacy of the therapist BI on @entity285 outcomes. CONCLUSION: A therapist or computer BI reduced @entity285 consumption and consequences among risky drinkers regardless of reason for ED presentation highlighting the opportunity to reach a broad array of youth. Although the therapist BI was not moderated by injury presentation, the computer BI was particularly effective at reducing @entity285 consequences among those presenting with injury at three month follow-up. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level 1 TYPE OF STUDY: Criteria.

title: Underage drinking, brief interventions, and trauma XXXX : are they really special?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Two series of experiments are reported which result in the discrimination between @entity1534 and other bacterial gastroesophageal isolates using a newly developed odour generating system, an electronic nose and a hybrid intelligent odour recognition system. In the first series of experiments, after 5 h of growth (37 degrees C), 53 volatile 'sniffs' were collected over the headspace of complex broth cultures of the following clinical isolates: @entity794 , @entity4005 sp., @entity1534 , @entity797 (10(7) ml(-1)), @entity325 ( @entity5609 , @entity526 , and @entity797 3 x 10(6) ml each) and sterile cultures. Fifty-six normalised variables were extracted from 14 conductive polymer sensor responses and analysed by a 3-layer back propagation @entity1274 ( @entity1274 ). The @entity1274 prediction rate achieved was 98% and the test data (37.7% of all data) was recognised correctly. Successful clustering of bacterial classes was also achieved by discriminant analysis (DA) of a normalised subset of sensor data. Cross-validation identified correctly seven 'unknown' samples. In the second series of experiments after 150 min of microaerobic growth at 37 degrees C, 24 volatile samples were collected over the headspace of @entity1534 cultures in enriched ( @entity21427 ) and normal ( @entity4306 ) media and 11 samples over sterile (N) cultures. Forty-eight sensor parameters were extracted from 12 sensor responses and analysed by a 3-layer @entity1274 previously optimised by a genetic algorithm (GA). GA- @entity1274 analysis achieved a 94% prediction rate of 'unknown' data. Additionally the 'genetically' selected 16 input neurones were used to perform DA-cross validation that showed a clear clustering of three groups and reclassified correctly nine 'sniffs'. It is concluded that the most important factors that govern the performance of an intelligent bacterial odour detection system are: (a) an odour generation mechanism, (b) a rapid odour delivery system similar to the @entity1 olfactory system, (c) a gas sensor array of high reproducibility and (d) a hybrid intelligent model (expert system) which will enable the parallel use of GA-NNs and multivariate techniques.

title: An intelligent rapid odour recognition model in discrimination of XXXX and other gastroesophageal isolates in vitro.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian']

entities_list: @entity5609 :: ('584', 'Species') :: ['Proteus mirabilis']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']

entities_list: @entity797 :: ('1351', 'Species') :: ['Enterococcus faecalis', 'E. faecalis']

entities_list: @entity1274 :: ('MESH:D006319', 'Disease') :: ['neural network', 'NN']

entities_list: @entity325 :: ('MESH:D060085', 'Disease') :: ['Mixed infection']

entities_list: @entity1534 :: ('210', 'Species') :: ['H. pylori', 'Helicobacter pylori']

entities_list: @entity4005 :: ('MESH:D007710', 'Disease') :: ['Klebsiella']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

answer: @entity1534 :: (210,Species) :: ['Helicobacter pylori']


abstract: Linear accelerators (LINAC) can deliver both radiosurgery and fractionated radiotherapy. In this systematic analysis, we compare hearing preservation in @entity1 with @entity5513 ( @entity5513 ) treated with either LINAC-based radiotherapy (SRT) or LINAC-based radiosurgery ( @entity6815 ), with an emphasis on the prognostic implications of @entity5 size and @entity1 age. A total of 400 @entity1 met our criteria for LINAC @entity6815 , with an average hearing preservation rate of 66.3%. @entity1 with @entity5 (<3.0 cm(3)) treated with @entity6815 had similar hearing preservation rates to those with @entity5 . However, younger @entity1 (<55 years) demonstrated improved hearing preservation compared to older @entity1 (>= 55 years). When comparing LINAC @entity6815 to LINAC SRT directly, hearing preservation was similar in @entity1 with @entity5 . However, @entity1 with @entity5 (>= 3.0cm(3)) who received SRT had higher hearing preservation rates than those who received @entity6815 . A total of 629 @entity1 met our criteria for LINAC SRT, with an average hearing preservation rate of 75.3%. @entity1 with @entity5 who received SRT had better hearing outcomes than those with @entity5 , while there was no significant difference in hearing preservation in younger @entity1 compared to older @entity1 . When comparing LINAC @entity6815 to LINAC SRT directly, younger @entity1 had similar hearing preservation rates. However, older @entity1 who received SRT had improved hearing preservation compared to those who received @entity6815 . In a direct comparison of average hearing preservation, @entity1 who received SRT had higher hearing preservation rates than those who underwent @entity6815 . Prospective studies will be needed to further characterize radiation dose and other variables.

title: Hearing preservation after LINAC radiosurgery and LINAC radiotherapy for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5513 :: ('MESH:D009464', 'Disease') :: ['vestibular schwannomas', 'VS']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'larger tumors', 'smaller tumors']

answer: @entity5513 :: (MESH:D009464,Disease) :: ['vestibular schwannoma']


abstract: Cortical pyramidal neurons show irregular in vivo action potential (AP) spiking with high-frequency bursts occurring on sparse background activity. Somatic APs can backpropagate from soma into basal and apical dendrites and locally generate dendritic @entity460 spikes. The critical AP frequency for generation of such dendritic @entity460 spikes can be very different depending on cell type or brain area involved. Previously, it was shown in vitro that @entity460 electrogenesis can be induced in L(ayer) 5 pyramidal neurons of prefrontal cortex (PFC). It remains an open question whether somatic burst spiking and the resulting dendritic @entity460 electrogenesis also occur in morphologically more compact L2/3 pyramidal neurons. Furthermore, it is not known whether critical frequencies that trigger dendritic @entity460 electrogenesis occur in PFC under awake conditions in vivo. Here, we addressed these issues and found that pyramidal neurons in both PFC L2/3 and L5 in awake @entity35 spike APs in short bursts but with different probabilities. The @entity2198 ( @entity2198 ) for @entity460 electrogenesis in vitro was layer-specific and lower in L5 neurons compared to L2/3. Taking the in vitro @entity2198 as a predictive measure for dendritic electrogenesis during in vivo spontaneous activity, supracritical bursts in vivo were observed in a larger fraction of L5 neurons compared to L2/3 neurons but with similar incidence within these subpopulations. Together, these results show that in PFC of awake @entity35 , AP spiking occurs at frequencies that are relevant for dendritic @entity460 electrogenesis and suggest that in awake @entity35 PFC, dendritic @entity460 electrogenesis may be involved in neuronal computation.

title: Layer-specific high-frequency action potential spiking in the prefrontal cortex of awake XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2198 :: ('MESH:D006316', 'Disease') :: ['CF', 'critical frequency']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: In this study, we analyzed spontaneous @entity157 ( @entity157 ) from male B6C3F1 @entity19 for alterations in the expression of the genes for c-myc, @entity10247 ), @entity1896 , @entity13898 ( @entity13898 ), and the @entity12841 ( @entity12841 ). These genes are all important in growth control in the rodent liver, and therefore, alterations in these genes or their products may result in unregulated growth. Northern blot analysis demonstrated an increase in expression of c-myc mRNA in five of 21 (24%) spontaneous @entity157 compared with nontumor tissue. @entity5 that had an increase in c-myc mRNA did not have an amplified c-myc gene. Of the @entity157 analyzed, 18 of 29 (62%) showed reexpression of @entity10247 RNA when compared with controls. @entity1896 mRNA was overexpressed in seven of 27 (26%) of the @entity5 analyzed relative to controls. @entity5 with an increase in @entity1896 mRNA also overexpressed the @entity1896 protein. RNA encoding for the @entity12841 was decreased in 21 of 23 (91%) @entity157 when compared with controls. None of the 29 @entity96 analyzed for alterations in expression of @entity13898 mRNA differed from controls. Also, each individual @entity5 had a unique set of molecular alterations even when different @entity5 from the same animal were analyzed. These novel findings suggest that @entity10247 , @entity1896 . c-myc, and @entity12841 are important mediators of carcinogenesis in spontaneous @entity19 @entity96 formation.

title: Altered gene expression in spontaneous XXXX from male B6C3F1 @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity13898 :: ('21802(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['transforming growth factor-alpha', 'TGF-alpha']

entities_list: @entity12841 :: ('13649(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['EGFR', 'epidermal growth factor receptor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['liver tumor', 'liver tumors']

entities_list: @entity10247 :: ('16002(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['insulin-like growth factor II (IGF-II', 'IGF-II']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCCs', 'hepatocellular carcinomas']

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['hepatocellular carcinomas']


abstract: STUDY PURPOSE: To investigate the long-term effects in adults of conservative treatment and anti-reflux surgery for @entity3025 on urinary-tract infections, renal function, and @entity158 . METHODS: Of 115 adult @entity1 with @entity3025 diagnosed between 1968 and 1984, conservative treatment was given to 46 @entity1 (36 women) and anti-reflux surgery was performed in 57 @entity1 (52 @entity1 ). The remaining 12 @entity1 underwent nephrectomy or heminephrectomy and were excluded from the study. The anti-reflux surgical methods used were the Politano-Leadbetter procedure in 44 @entity1 (73 ureters) and the Hutch procedure in 19 @entity1 (25 ureters). Six of these @entity1 were operated on with both methods. RESULTS: The frequency of acute @entity2885 was significantly reduced after anti-reflux surgery (P < 0.0001) as well as after diagnosis of @entity3025 in the group given conservative treatment (P or < 0.001). The frequency of lower-urinary-tract infections was not altered in either group. Surgery had no effect on significant @entity633 (Albustix > or = 2+) or on @entity177 . Forty-three @entity1 reported recurrent @entity158 at the time of diagnosis or anti-reflux surgery. Only one of the 12 @entity1 in the conservative group, compared with 29 of the 31 @entity1 in the anti-reflux surgery group, obtained relief from @entity158 during the follow-up. Nine @entity1 in the anti-reflux surgery group reported restitution of reduced general well-being after surgery. These @entity1 had experienced @entity2639 and/or @entity10 before surgery. @entity3025 was eliminated more frequently (P < 0.01) in the @entity1 operated on by the Politano-Leadbetter procedure (94%) than in those operated on by the Hutch procedure (68%). CONCLUSIONS: Loin @entity158 is common in adults with @entity3025 and is effectively eliminated by anti-reflux surgery. Anti-reflux surgery should be considered in adults with @entity3025 and very frequent acute pyelonephritic attacks only if conservative treatment has failed to alleviate these symptoms. Anti-reflux surgery is not indicated with the aim of @entity177 .

title: Conservative treatment and anti-reflux surgery in adults with XXXX : effect on urinary-tract infections, renal function and @entity158 in a long-term follow-up study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2639 :: ('MESH:C536321', 'Disease') :: ['weariness']

entities_list: @entity3025 :: ('MESH:D014718', 'Disease') :: ['Vesico-ureteral reflux', 'vesico-ureteral reflux']

entities_list: @entity633 :: ('MESH:D000419', 'Disease') :: ['albuminuria']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['arresting renal functional deterioration', 'progressive renal functional deterioration']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['loin pain', 'pain']

entities_list: @entity2885 :: ('MESH:D011704', 'Disease') :: ['pyelonephritis']

answer: @entity3025 :: (MESH:D014718,Disease) :: ['vesico-ureteral reflux']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether prepubertal orchidopexy for @entity246 can reduce @entity4479 . DESIGN: @entity1 follow-up comparison with control groups. SETTING: Surgical and endocrinologic sections of a @entity1 's hospital and a university infertility-care center. @entity1 (S): Seventy-one @entity1 with @entity246 who underwent orchidopexy in prepubertal age (6.4 +/- 2.8 years) were followed up as adults (20.0 +/- 2.8 years). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): @entity1 underwent testicular examination and hormonal evaluation, 49 of these had semen analysis and antisperm antibody tests. Semen results were compared with those of two age-matched control groups: a group of 20 healthy, randomly selected subjects and a group of 20 @entity1 operated on in postpubertal age for cryptorchidism. RESULT(S): Unilateral reduced testis size was found in 30.1% of @entity1 , eight @entity1 had a low LH level, eight had a low T level, and none had abnormal FSH values. Antisperm antibodies were found in 1 of 49 cases. Cluster analysis of sperm parameters showed that the mean values of @entity1 were worse than those of the healthy controls but better than those of the subjects operated on in postpubertal age. CONCLUSION(S): This study indicates that prepubertal orchidopexy can given better results than postpubertal correction.

title: XXXX corrected in prepubertal age: evaluation of sperm parameters, hormones, and antisperm antibodies in adult age.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients', 'Patient', 'PATIENT']

entities_list: @entity246 :: ('MESH:D003456', 'Disease') :: ['unilateral cryptorchidism']

entities_list: @entity4479 :: ('MESH:C538052', 'Disease') :: ['adult dysspermia']

answer: @entity246 :: (MESH:D003456,Disease) :: ['Unilateral cryptorchidism']


abstract: PURPOSE: The goal of this study was to evaluate the associations between linear hyperintensity in the subchondral bone of the femoral head on T2-weighted MR imaging and structural @entity79 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: The MR imaging examinations of 63 @entity1 (66 hips) that showed a @entity236 pattern (BMEP) of the hip were retrospectively evaluated (study group). The study group comprised 43 @entity1 and 20 @entity1 , with a mean age of 55.3 years  16.9 (SD) (range: 19-84 years). A control group of 61 @entity1 (77 hips) without BMEP of the hip on MR imaging was created. The control group comprised 30 @entity1 and 31 @entity1 , with a mean age of 53.1 years  15.6 (SD) (range: 25-83 years). The presence of linear abnormalities of the subchondral bone on T2-weighted fat-saturated sequences (TR/TE=4220-4340/42-45ms) was evaluated and MR imaging findings were correlated with structural femoro-acetabular pathology ( @entity1442 , @entity2530 , @entity1642 and @entity174 ) and with @entity158 duration. RESULTS: A linear hyperintensity in the subchondral bone on T2-weighted MR imaging was found in 43/66 hips with areas of BMEP (65.1%) and in 3/77 hips without BMEP (3.8%). @entity2001 was seen in 15/16 (93.7%) hips with a @entity1642 . Among the 16 hips with an ARCO stage III @entity2530 , 13 (76.9%) presented BMEP associated with a @entity2001 . BMEP was present in 6/8 hips with ARCO stage IV @entity2530 ; however, only two hips (25%) exhibited @entity2001 . Finally, 77.7% of @entity1 with @entity2001 presented with acute or subacute @entity158 (P<0.0001). CONCLUSION: Femoral head @entity2001 on T2-weighted MR imaging is common and is associated with @entity697 .

title: XXXX of the femoral head: MR imaging findings and associations with femoro-acetabular joint pathology.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute subchondral bone damage']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['macroscopic fractures']

entities_list: @entity2001 :: ('MESH:D001845', 'Disease') :: ['Subchondral linear hyperintensity', 'subchondral linear hyperintensities', 'subchondral linear hyperintensity']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone lesions']

entities_list: @entity1442 :: ('MESH:D020178', 'Disease') :: ['advanced chondropathy']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['hip pain', 'pain']

entities_list: @entity236 :: ('MESH:D001855', 'Disease') :: ['bone marrow edema']

entities_list: @entity1642 :: ('MESH:D015775', 'Disease') :: ['subchondral insufficiency fractures', 'subchondral insufficiency fracture']

entities_list: @entity2530 :: ('MESH:D010020', 'Disease') :: ['osteonecrosis']

answer: @entity2001 :: (MESH:D001845,Disease) :: ['Subchondral linear hyperintensity']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Treatment with @entity117 ( @entity7943 ) after desensitization may be a therapeutic option in @entity1 with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug exacerbated @entity1576 (NERD). The mechanisms that lead to improvement in rhinosinusitis and @entity565 symptoms remain unknown. AIM: To attribute the documented clinical effects of @entity7943 treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis and/or @entity565 to the release of @entity9610 metabolites in urine. METHODS: Fourteen @entity1 with NERD were successfully desensitized, and, eventually, eight @entity1 were treated with 650 mg of @entity7943 daily for 3 months. In addition to clinical assessments, nuclear magnetic resonance imaging and smell test were performed before and after treatment with @entity7943 . Venous blood and urine were collected before desensitization and after 1 and 3 months of treatment. The levels of urinary @entity4443 (LT) ( @entity6954 LT and LTE4) and tetranor @entity35425 (metabolite of @entity1672 ) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: Treatment with @entity7943 after desensitization alleviated symptoms of rhinosinusitis, improved nasal patency (mean, 50% decrease in peak nasal inspiratory flow) and sense of smell (fourfold increase in smell test score) in as early as 4 weeks. Clinical improvements were not accompanied by any change in sinonasal mucosa thickness as assessed with nuclear magnetic resonance. Urinary @entity6954 LTs, LTE4, and @entity1672 metabolite remained relatively stable during @entity7943 treatment and did not correlate with clinical improvements. Desensitization was associated with a progressive decrease of urinary @entity1011 . CONCLUSION: Clinical improvement in rhinosinusitis and/or @entity565 after @entity7943 desensitization was not related to concentrations of urinary @entity9610 metabolites. A decrease of urinary @entity1011 requires further study to determine the renal safety of long-term treatment with @entity7943 after desensitization.

title: Clinical benefits of @entity117 desensitization in @entity1 with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug exacerbated XXXX are not related to urinary @entity9610 release and are accompanied with decreased urine @entity1011 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1672 :: ('MESH:D015230', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandin D2']

entities_list: @entity4443 :: ('MESH:D015289', 'Chemical') :: ['leukotrienes']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylsalicylic acid']

entities_list: @entity9610 :: ('CHEBI:23899', 'Chemical') :: ['eicosanoid']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory disease']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity6954 :: ('CHEBI:23511', 'Chemical') :: ['cysteinyl']

answer: @entity1576 :: (MESH:D012131,Disease) :: ['respiratory disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical manifestations and progression of @entity2074 . METHODS: In 1981-82 a total of 1297 @entity1 were examined for @entity2074 , and of these 19.2% had the disease. In 1999 those with signs of the disease in 1981-82 were invited for a follow-up study. As controls symptom free individuals from the study in 1981-82 were invited. RESULTS: A total of 53 individuals from the control group had developed @entity2074 in 1999. @entity1 with palmar nodules/fibrous cord in 1981-82 were more likely to develop contracted fingers than those without @entity2074 . @entity1 with young age at disease onset more often required operations than those with later onset. Of the @entity1 who had been operated 70% still had finger contractures in 1999. CONCLUSION: The incidence of @entity2074 is high in elderly @entity1 . @entity2074 is progressive in nature and most operated @entity1 have recurrent finger contractures.

title: Eighteen years follow-up study of the clinical manifestations and progression of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'Men', 'men']

entities_list: @entity2074 :: ('MESH:D004387', 'Disease') :: ["Dupuytren's disease"]

answer: @entity2074 :: (MESH:D004387,Disease) :: ['Dupuytren's disease']


abstract: @entity130 to differentiating glial cells is a critical event in the development of @entity5719 , the major @entity2806 of the premature @entity1 . This study has addressed the effects of @entity519 on differentiating glial cells, primarily astrocytes. Primary cultures of dissociated newborn @entity35 brain, which are composed predominantly of differentiating astroglia, were used. Efflux of @entity880 dehydrogenase, an enzyme enriched in astroglia, was used to quantitate @entity130 . Three major findings are reported. First, differentiating astrocytes were resistant to @entity130 for many hours, although by 24 h of @entity519 severe @entity130 ( @entity880 dehydrogenase efflux of 86% of total and morphologic changes) was obvious. Second, increase of @entity413 in the culture medium from the approximately physiological concentration of 5.6 to 15 mM had a marked protective effect versus @entity519 , i.e. @entity880 dehydrogenase efflux was totally prevented during 24 h of @entity519 in 15 mM @entity413 . Third, the protective effect of high @entity413 appeared to be related to increased utilization by glycolysis, because there was a direct correlation between the resistance to @entity130 and the amount of @entity880 generated and of @entity413 consumed by the cells. Thus, the cells with the lowest @entity880 dehydrogenase efflux (and highest @entity413 supplementations) had medium @entity880 concentrations as high as 32-36 mM. These concentrations of @entity880 are approximately double the reported threshold concentration of @entity880 considered to produce cellular necrosis in in vivo models of @entity130 , primarily in mature animals. The data raise the possibility that @entity130 to differentiating glia can be prevented or ameliorated by increase in @entity413 availability.

title: @entity130 to developing glial cells: protective effect of high XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxic-ischemic lesion']

entities_list: @entity5719 :: ('MESH:D007969', 'Disease') :: ['periventricular leukomalacia']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['Hypoxic injury', 'hypoxic cellular injury', 'hypoxic injury', 'cellular injury']

answer: @entity413 :: (MESH:D005947,Chemical) :: ['glucose']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of soft tissue injury management by emergency nurse practitioners (ENPs) and extended scope physiotherapists (ESPs) compared to the routine care provided by doctors in a UK @entity341 ( @entity341 ). DESIGN: Randomised, pragmatic trial of equivalence. SETTING: One adult @entity341 in England. @entity1 : 372 @entity1 were randomised; 126 to the ESP group, 123 to the ENP group and 123 to the doctor group. @entity1 were adults (older than 16 years) presenting to the @entity341 with a peripheral soft tissue injury eligible for management by any of the three professional groups. @entity1 were excluded if they had any of the following: injury greater than 72 hours old; @entity262 ; @entity2720 ; recent surgery; unable to give informed consent (eg, @entity303 ), open wounds; @entity85 ; @entity1337 required; concurrent chest/rib @entity531 and associated @entity174 . INTERVENTIONS: @entity1 were randomised to treatment by ESPs, ENPs or routine care provided by doctors (of all grades). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Upper-limb and lower-limb functional scores, quality of life, physical well-being, preference-based health measures and the number of days off work. RESULTS: The clinical outcomes of soft tissue injury treated by ESPs and ENPs in the @entity341 were equivalent to routine care provided by doctors. CONCLUSIONS: As all groups were clinically equivalent it is other factors such as cost, workforce sustainability, service provision and skill mix that become important. This result validates the role of the ENP, which is becoming established as an integral part of @entity130 care, and demonstrates that the ESP should be considered as part of the clinical skill mix without detriment to outcomes. ISRCTN-ISRCTN TRIALS REGISTER NUMBER: 70891354.

title: A randomised trial comparing the clinical effectiveness of different XXXX healthcare professionals in soft tissue injury management.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'Participants', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['emergency department', 'ED']

entities_list: @entity1337 :: ('MESH:D000699', 'Disease') :: ['opiate analgesia']

entities_list: @entity262 :: ('MESH:D034721', 'Disease') :: ['systemic disease']

entities_list: @entity2720 :: ('MESH:D007592', 'Disease') :: ['dislocated joints']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['major deformities']

entities_list: @entity531 :: ('MESH:D013901', 'Disease') :: ['injury; neurovascular deficits']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['minor injuries']

answer: @entity341 :: (MESH:D004630,Disease) :: ['emergency department']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Successful resuscitation from @entity1164 is frequently accompanied by severe and often fatal @entity16 . @entity2332 ( @entity2332 ) may attenuate the neurologic damage observed in @entity1 after @entity1167 . HYPOTHESIS: This study examined a population of nonselected @entity1 presenting to a community hospital following successful resuscitation of @entity1164 . We sought to determine whether a program of induced @entity2332 would improve the clinical outcome of these critically ill @entity1 . METHODS: We initiated a protocol of @entity2332 at the Oklahoma Heart Hospital in August of 2003. Study @entity1 were consecutive adults admitted following successful resuscitation of out-of-hospital @entity1167 . Moderate @entity2332 was induced by surface cooling and maintained for 24 to 36 h in the Intensive Care Unit with passive rewarming over 8 h. RESULTS: Forty-nine @entity1 who were resuscitated and had the return of spontaneous circulation completed the @entity2332 protocol. The cause of @entity1167 was @entity583 in 24 @entity1 and @entity943 in 19 @entity1 . Nineteen @entity1 (39%) survived and were discharged. Sixteen of the @entity1 discharged had no or minimal residual neurologic dysfunction and 3 @entity1 had clinically significant residual @entity16 . CONCLUSION: A program of induced @entity2332 based in a community hospital is feasible, practical, and requires limited additional financial and nursing resources. Survival and neurologic recovery compare favorably with clinical trial outcomes.

title: @entity2332 following out-of-hospital XXXX ; initial experience in a community hospital.

entities_list: @entity1164 :: ('MESH:D016757', 'Disease') :: ['sudden cardiac death']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurologic injury']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrest']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['acute myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrhythmias']

entities_list: @entity2332 :: ('MESH:D007035', 'Disease') :: ['Induced hypothermia', 'hypothermia', 'IH']

answer: @entity1167 :: (MESH:D006323,Disease) :: ['cardiac arrest']


abstract: Nineteen combined renal and segmental pancreatic transplantations with enteric exocrine diversion were performed between May 1984 and September 1985. The one year actuarial @entity1 survival rate and pancreatic graft survival rate were 86 and 66 per cent, respectively. Thirteen pancreatic grafts are presently functioning (two to seven months) and all of the recipients are insulin-free. Although graft cold @entity63 time was kept low (a mean of 4.6 hours), a moderate graft @entity788 developed with a peak serum amylase level of 16.8 +/- 2.2 microkatal per liter. Analysis of the fluid drained through an abdominal drain tube placed at the graft site revealed an amylase activity of 280 +/- 110 microkatal per liter on the first postoperative day and rapidly decreasing to a mean of 15 +/- 5 microkatal per liter on day 6. A pancreatic duct catheter was used to divert the exocrine juice to the exterior during the first few postoperative weeks thereby promoting healing of the pancreaticoenteric @entity254 . The volume of pancreatic juice from the ductal catheter was quite low in the first postoperative days but then rose to reach a plateau level of 500 to 600 milliliters. The amylase activity and the lipase concentration in the pancreatic juice was very high (9,100 +/- 2,450 microkatal per liter and 11.1 +/- 4.4 grams per liter, respectively) during the first postoperative day but then gradually decreased to reach a steady level after four to seven days. Intravenous administration of @entity11384 induced a sixfold increase in the flow of pancreatic juice. An intravenous infusion of @entity1943 significantly reduced the flow of pancreatic juice and the amylase activity and lipase concentration in the juice but did not abolish the secretin induced increase in pancreatic secretion.

title: Studies on the exocrine secretion of segmental pancreatic grafts in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity1943 :: ('MESH:D013004', 'Chemical') :: ['somatostatin']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['humans']


abstract: The adrenocorticoid responses to low doses of @entity4545 (0.03-10 ng/min) in @entity1372 -deplete normal subjects and @entity454 @entity1 maintained on @entity4764 ( @entity4764 ) were compared. All subjects were pretreated with @entity619 . @entity4545 was administered by graded iv infusions in doses of 0.03, 0.3, 1.0, 3.0, and 10 ng @entity4545 /min. Each rate of infusion was maintained for 30 min. Plasma @entity1369 , @entity18073 , @entity2819 , @entity41922 , and @entity701 were measured in plasma sampled at the end of each rate of infusion in both groups. Plasma @entity4420 was measured in @entity4764 @entity1 . The plasma @entity134 levels in the @entity4764 @entity1 after each infusion rate were equal to or greater than the levels in normal subjects. The slopes of the cumulative increases above baseline in plasma @entity134 levels in the @entity4764 @entity1 were equal to or greater than those in the normal subjects. In both groups, plasma @entity2819 increased the most and @entity1369 the least. Kinetic analyses indicated that the adrenal responses to low dose @entity4545 were not linear. A distinct threshold for @entity4545 -stimulated increase in plasma adrenocorticoid levels, if present, is very low. The responses of plasma adrenocorticoids to low dose @entity4545 are normal in @entity4764 @entity1 .

title: Low dose adrenocorticotropin infusion in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1369 :: ('MESH:D000450', 'Chemical') :: ['aldosterone']

entities_list: @entity18073 :: ('MESH:D015069', 'Chemical') :: ['18-hydroxycorticosterone']

entities_list: @entity41922 :: ('MESH:D015070', 'Chemical') :: ['18-hydroxy-11-deoxycorticosterone']

entities_list: @entity2819 :: ('MESH:D003345', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosterone']

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['dexamethasone']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity4764 :: ('MESH:D051346', 'Disease') :: ['continuous ambulator peritoneal dialysis', 'CAPD']

entities_list: @entity4420 :: ('CHEBI:16973', 'Chemical') :: ['11-deoxycorticosterone']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage renal disease']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between the occurrence of @entity3472 after pancreatojejunal @entity254 in @entity1 undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy for @entity5 and the histological @entity82 and @entity32 found in pancreatic tissue and the caliber of the main pancreatic duct. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study with @entity1 that were treated with surgical resection. The rate of pancreatic fistulae was recorded. Histology classification was performed according to @entity82 and @entity788 . RESULTS: We identified 77 @entity1 , mean age was 57.6 years; 62.4% were male. As for the type of operation performed, 66.3% were gastroduodenopancreatectomies and 33.7% pancreatoduodenectomies with pylorus preservation. Regarding the number of fistulas diagnosed, it was found that 23.4% @entity1 displayed this @entity260 and in 66.7% the cause was @entity5 . As for intraoperative macroscopic findings, we identified the classification of pancreatic texture, seen as normal in 85.8%, and the caliber of the main pancreatic duct, finding an average of 4.9 mm. There was a significant relationship between the hardened @entity788 and the absence of @entity292 . In @entity1 with normal or soft tissue, the rate of @entity292 was 25.4%. Regarding ductal diameter, we identified a higher number of pancreatic anastomotic dehiscences in the absence of @entity384 (p <0.05). We noticed that @entity1 with an average ductal diameter of 5.4 mm (76.7%) did not show this complication. CONCLUSION: The presence of @entity82 and @entity384 usually coexist and is related to a lower percentage of pancreatic fistulae.

title: Correlation analysis between post-pancreatoduodenectomy XXXX and pancreatic histology.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic stump', 'pancreatic inflammation']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer of the papilla', 'periampullary malignancy']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['ductal dilation']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complication']

entities_list: @entity3472 :: ('MESH:D010185', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic fistula']

answer: @entity3472 :: (MESH:D010185,Disease) :: ['pancreatic fistula']


abstract: PURPOSE: This case demonstrates the use of Tc-99m HMPAO scintigraphy in @entity2643 (AD)-induced @entity358 . The aim of this presentation is also to discuss different scintigraphic modalities in the diagnosis and follow up in AD-induced @entity358 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: A 77-year-old @entity1 , with a suspicious AD-induced @entity137 , underwent Tc-99m DTPA aerosol inhalation scintigraphy and Tc-99m HMPAO scintigraphy. RESULTS: Rapid alveolar clearance of @entity42317 was found during AD therapy and increased lung uptake of Tc-99m HMPAO was also demonstrated. These findings supported the diagnosis @entity358 . After cessation of therapy, Tc-99m DTPA alveolar clearance was decreased. Although there was some decrease in L/H and L/B ratios of Tc-99m HMPAO after 3 weeks of stopping therapy, Tc-99m HMPAO uptake in the lungs was still continued. This finding may be the result of @entity55 as a result of the long half-life of AD. CONCLUSION: Compared with Tc-99m DTPA aerosol inhalation scintigraphy, Tc-99m HMPAO scintigraphy may have a role in the diagnosis of @entity358 . Nevertheless, there is a need for longitudinal studies investigating @entity1 under AD therapy using follow-up Tc-9m HMPAO scintigraphy.

title: Tc-99m HMPAO scintigraphy in @entity2643 -induced XXXX : comparison with Tc-99m DTPA inhalation scintigraphy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'man']

entities_list: @entity2643 :: ('MESH:D000638', 'Chemical') :: ['amiodarone']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['acute lung toxicity']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['ongoing pulmonary inflammation']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['AD lung toxicity', 'lung toxicity']

answer: @entity137 :: (MESH:D064420,Disease) :: ['acute lung toxicity']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the protective effect of @entity41826 (alpha-MG) against @entity1413 in @entity35 @entity82 induced by @entity7008 ( @entity2796 ). MATERIAL AND METHOD: @entity35 were separated into 4 groups. The first group was, the control, untreated with @entity2796 . The cirrhotic @entity35 , the second group, were induced by @entity2796 injection (200 mg/kg), 3 times per week. @entity35 in the third group received treatment of @entity2796 (200 mg/kg) alternating with alpha-MG (100 mg/kg) for every other day. Animals in the last group were treated only with alpha-MG (100 mg/kg), 3 times per week. The chemicals used each group were given intraperitoneally for 16 weeks. The type-I collagen and type-I collagen-positive hepatocytes were explored by using immunohistochemical technique. RESULTS: In cirrhotic livers type-I collagen was immunopositive in the connective tissue and a large number of hepatocytes. The number of type I collagen-positive-hepatocytes (414.00 +/- 25.23) in @entity2796 -induced @entity82 group increased significantly when compared to those in the control group (131.40 + 9.63). Interestingly, a significant decrease in the number of type-I collagen-positive-hepatocytes was observed in @entity2796 -alpha-MG-prevention group (103.60 +/- 36.55) and in alpha-MG-injected group (54.00 +/- 5.30) compared to those in the control group and @entity2796 -induced @entity82 . CONCLUSION: 100 mg/kg of @entity9786 could lower the number of type-I collagen-positive-hepatocytes in @entity2796 -induced @entity82 . It is probable that alpha-MG helps to keep up more blood circulation to the liver cells through dilated sinusoids. This vascular adaptation enhances high @entity26 blood to the hepatocytes which, in turn, reduces the damage of hepatocytes caused by @entity2796 -derived reactive @entity26 species.

title: Protective effect of @entity41826 against type-I collagen formation in @entity7008 -induced cirrhotic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity7008 :: ('MESH:D013853', 'Chemical') :: ['thioacetamide']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity41826 :: ('MESH:C021053', 'Chemical') :: ['alpha-mangostin']

entities_list: @entity1413 :: ('MESH:D003095', 'Disease') :: ['increment of type-I collagen-positive hepatocytes']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: IMPORTANCE: @entity1489 ( @entity1489 ) is the most common @entity5 and predominantly affects older @entity1 . Because NMSCs do not typically affect survival or short-term quality of life, the decision about whether and how to treat @entity1 with @entity9053 ( @entity9053 ) is challenging, especially for asymptomatic @entity5 . OBJECTIVE: To compare treatment patterns and clinical outcomes of @entity1 with @entity1489 with and without @entity9053 . DESIGN, SETTING, AND @entity1 : A prospective cohort study of 1536 consecutive @entity1 diagnosed with @entity1489 at 2 dermatology clinics: a university-based private practice and a Veterans Affairs Medical Center in San Francisco, California. @entity1 were recruited in 1999 through 2000 and followed up for a median of 9 years. A total of 1360 @entity1 with 1739 @entity5 (90%) were included in the final analysis. Limited life expectancy was defined as @entity1 either 85 years or older at the time of diagnosis or @entity1 with multiple comorbidities (Charlson Comorbidity Index of >=  3). Treatment options included no treatment, destruction, or 2 types of surgery-elliptical excision or Mohs surgery. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Treatment type. RESULTS: Most NMSCs (69%) were treated surgically, regardless of @entity1 life expectancy. The choice of surgery was not influenced by @entity1 prognosis in univariate or multivariable models adjusted for @entity5 and @entity1 characteristics. Many @entity1 with @entity9053 (43%) died within 5 years, none of @entity1489 . @entity5 recurrence was rare (3.7% at 5 years [95% CI, 2.6%-4.7%]) in all @entity1 . Although serious complications were unusual, approximately 20% of @entity1 with @entity9053 reported complications of therapy, compared with 15% of other @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Most NMSCs are treated surgically, regardless of the @entity1 's life expectancy. Given the very low @entity5 recurrence rates and high mortality from causes unrelated to @entity1489 in @entity1 with @entity9053 , clinicians should consider whether these @entity1 would prefer less invasive treatment strategies.

title: Treatment of nonfatal conditions at the end of life: nonmelanoma XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'Tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1489 :: ('MESH:D012878', 'Disease') :: ['NMSC', 'Nonmelanoma skin cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity9053 :: ('MESH:D045745', 'Disease') :: ['limited life expectancy', 'LLE']

answer: @entity1489 :: (MESH:D012878,Disease) :: ['skin cancer']


abstract: Previous investigations have shown that cross-contamination in a burn unit is mainly clothes-borne. New barrier garments have been designed and tried experimentally. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of different clothing routines on cross-contamination. In a long-term study, the rates and routes of colonizations with @entity794 , Streptococcus groups A, B, C, F, and G and @entity796 were examined. The exogenous colonization rates were, with @entity794 77%, with Streptococcus species 52% and with Ps. aeruginosa 32%. The colonization rate with Ps. aeruginosa was higher in @entity1 with larger burns. @entity1 dispersed Streptococcus and Ps. aeruginosa as well as @entity794 into the air of their rooms in considerable amounts, but dispersers were not more important as sources of @entity694 than non-dispersers. In comparison of clothing routines, there was no difference in overall colonization rates. The newly designed barrier garment that was made from apparently particle-tight material did not reduce the transfer of bacteria from @entity1 to @entity1 . A less rigid routine than that previously used did not increase the risk of cross-contamination. A thorough change of barrier dress after close contact nursing delayed the first exogenous @entity794 colonization from day 6 to day 14 after admission. This routine might be recommended for clinical use. Otherwise, methods must be developed for adequate selection of materials intended for barrier garments.

title: Attempts to control clothes-borne infection in a burn unit, 2. Clothing routines in clinical use and the epidemiology of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['cross-colonization']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus', 'S. aureus']

entities_list: @entity796 :: ('287', 'Species') :: ['Pseudomonas aeruginosa']

answer: @entity694 :: (MESH:D003110,Disease) :: ['cross-colonization']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Microbial @entity7944 ( @entity7944 ), such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and the @entity377 -binding oligomerization domains (NODs), are essential for @entity1 innate immune response. In this study, we examined the characterization of NODs and TLRs on innate immune responses in @entity1 cementoblast (HCEM) cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The gene expression of NODs and TLRs was examined by RT-PCR. @entity650 ( @entity650 ) and @entity687 ( @entity687 ) productions in culture supernatants were measured by ELISA. Western blot analysis was performed to determine the degradation of @entity4284 and Mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation in response to their agonist. RESULTS: The levels of NODs and TLRs were apparently expressed in HCEM cells. Although a few gene levels were weak in intact cells, the stimulation by their agonists increased the gene expression of TLRs. NODs and TLRs led to the production of @entity650 or @entity687 and the degradation of @entity4284 and MAPK activation in HCEM cells. Combination treatment of @entity18506 or @entity6820 agonists with TLRs agonists did not influence the production of @entity650 and @entity687 in HCEM cells. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that NODs and TLRs are functionally expressed in HCEM cells and can trigger innate immune responses. However, @entity18506 and @entity6820 may not be cooperated with TLRs to elicit an immune response in HCEM cells.

title: Characterization of NODs and TLRs in innate immune response of XXXX cementoblast cells.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian', 'human']

entities_list: @entity377 :: ('CHEBI:36976', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotide']

entities_list: @entity7944 :: ('MESH:C536309', 'Disease') :: ['PRRs', 'Pattern-recognition receptors']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: There is considerable controversy regarding the optimal treatment of @entity1 with primary @entity6595 . However, surgery still plays an important role in the management of stage IE and IIE @entity6595 . We aimed at assessing survival of primary @entity6595 cases with stage IE or IIE that were surgically treated at the Surgical Oncology Department. METHODOLOGY: Thirty-seven @entity1 with stage IE and IIE primary @entity6595 who were surgically treated and had complete follow-up from January 1990 to September 1998 were reviewed retrospectively. @entity1 ' age, gender, @entity5 location, @entity5 grade, histologic type, depth of @entity5 invasion, regional lymph node status, @entity5 stage, type of gastrectomy (total/subtotal), combined resection, extensive lymphadenectomy, adjuvant chemotherapy were used as the clinicopathologic variables. RESULTS: Five-year survival rates for stage IE and stage IIE disease were 75% and 37%, respectively. The overall 5-year survival rate of the @entity1 was 57%. Univariate analysis demonstrated that age, @entity5 stage, and type of gastrectomy were associated with prognosis, but only type of gastrectomy (subtotal gastrectomy) and @entity5 stage were found to be independent prognostic factors (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: To obtain prolonged survival we recommend radical resection with extensive lymphadenectomy for @entity706 stages IE and IIE. @entity1 with small distal lymphomas of the stomach can be treated with subtotal gastric resection.

title: Survival after curative resection for stage IE and IIE primary XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['malignant lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity6595 :: ('MESH:C535648', 'Disease') :: ['gastric lymphomas', 'gastric lymphoma']

answer: @entity6595 :: (MESH:C535648,Disease) :: ['gastric lymphoma']


abstract: @entity5176 have been reported to induce adverse effects on articular cartilage, tendons and ligaments. However, the effects of @entity5176 on menisci have not been revealed. The present study was to test the effects of @entity800 on meniscus cells in vitro. @entity95 meniscus cells were administrated with different concentrations of @entity800 (0, 14, 28, 56, 112 and 224   m) for 24 or 48 h, and cell viability and apoptosis were measured. The mRNA expression levels of @entity721 , @entity21182 , @entity28477 , @entity21183 , @entity41487 , @entity32868 , @entity9470 , caspase-3 and inducible @entity842 were analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Active caspase-3 was detected by immunocytochemical assay, while protein expression levels of @entity21182 and @entity28477 were measured by Western blotting assay. After treatment with @entity800 for 48 h, cell viability was decreased from dose of 28 to 224   m in a concentration-dependent manner. An increase of apoptotic cells was observed by flow cytometry. Active caspase-3 protein expression level was also increased. The mRNA level of @entity9470 was decreased and levels of @entity721 , @entity21182 and @entity28477 in experimental groups were higher than those of controls. The protein levels of @entity21182 and @entity28477 were increased. Moreover, the mRNA levels of @entity41487 and @entity32868 were decreased. A dose-dependent increase of inducible @entity842 mRNA expression level was also observed. Our results suggested the cytotoxic effects of @entity800 on meniscus cells through induction of apoptosis and unbalanced MMPs/TIMPs expression. These side effects might result in meniscus extracellular matrix degradation and @entity75 . Thus, @entity5176 should be used cautiously on @entity1 who perform athletic activities or undergo surgical meniscus repair.

title: Cytotoxic effects of the quinolone @entity800 on XXXX meniscus cells.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5176 :: ('MESH:D015363', 'Chemical') :: ['Quinolones', 'quinolones']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['meniscal lesion']

entities_list: @entity21183 :: ('100009047(Tax:9986)', 'Gene') :: ['tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity800 :: ('MESH:D015242', 'Chemical') :: ['levofloxacin']

answer: @entity95 :: (9986,Species) :: ['rabbit']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity590 associated with right iliac fossa @entity158 and tenderness in a young @entity1 is a common finding in an Emergency Department, and is frequently caused by @entity697 or genitourinary affliction. Especially in the case of young males, it is debated whether the @entity1 should undergo immediate surgery or be referred for imagery, and, when surgery is finally planned, whether an open incision of the iliac fossa or a laparoscopic approach is preferred. OBJECTIVE: We describe a case of a @entity1 with a twisted, @entity63 mimicking an @entity697 , which was diagnosed and managed laparoscopically. CASE REPORT: A 16-year-old @entity1 was admitted to the Emergency Department with a 2-day history of @entity590 , @entity390 , right iliac fossa @entity158 , and tenderness. Perioperative computed tomography scan showed a 3-cm image that was interpreted as a periappendicular @entity733 . At laparoscopy, a twisted ischemic mass adherent to the surrounding ileum was located and removed. The @entity1 's outcome was uneventful. Pathology showed a benign @entity2695 of the ileal mesentery. To our knowledge, this is the first case treated by laparoscopic resection. CONCLUSIONS: Rare conditions, such as @entity5 , can mimic common conditions like acute appencitis. Also, due to the aspecificity of symptoms and difficult interpretation of imagery, diagnosis can be difficult to achieve preoperatively and surgery can be challenging. Laparoscopy can allow a diagnosis to be made and the appropriate treatment to be performed without the need for laparotomy. Rare causes of @entity698 represent an argument in favor of a laparoscopic approach, even in the case of young male @entity1 .

title: A rare case of XXXX : prompt laparoscopic diagnosis and management.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'boy']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute appendicitis']

entities_list: @entity698 :: ('MESH:D001064', 'Disease') :: ['appendicitis-like syndrome']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic ileal hemangioma']

entities_list: @entity2695 :: ('MESH:D006391', 'Disease') :: ['hemangioma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['peduncolated tumors']

entities_list: @entity590 :: ('MESH:D008305', 'Disease') :: ['Hyperpyrexia', 'hyperpyrexia']

answer: @entity698 :: (MESH:D001064,Disease) :: ['appendicitis-like syndrome']


abstract: @entity120 of the newborn (PPHN) remains one of the most challenging situations in the neonatal intensive care unit, and it is associated with high mortality and morbidity. The optimal treatment for PPHN is controversial. We report our 9-year experience in the management of PPHN through a retrospective review of 29 neonates with persistent @entity120 . The diagnosis of PPHN is made by echocardiography and/or preductal and postductal @entity26 tension difference. The treatment modalities include supportive medical care, vasodilator therapy, mechanical ventilation and correction of underlying conditions. The wide diversity of etiologies of PPHN, the complications of vasodilator therapy, the management of assisted ventilation, the mortality and the morbidity are evaluated. There are 29 @entity1 enrolled in this study, including 18 male and 11 female babies. Twenty-two @entity1 (72%) are referred from other hospitals. The mean birth body weight is 2707 +/- 693 grams (range: 1450-4100 grams) and the mean gestational age is 37.1 +/- 3.1 weeks (range: 31-41 weeks). The underlying clinical conditions include meconium @entity1174 (n = 8), perinatal @entity1763 (n = 7), @entity649 (n = 5), @entity295 and/or @entity55 (n = 4), @entity2914 (n = 3) and @entity33711 (n = 2). In addition to supportive medical care and correction of underlying clinical conditions, most of the @entity1 receive vasodilator therapy ( @entity6116 ) and nonhyperventilation respirator management. The overall mortality rate is 27.6% (8/29). The duration on ventilator therapy in the survival group (9.3 +/- 8.6 days) is not significantly different from in the mortality group (6.0 +/- 7.1 days) (p = 0.13). There is also no statistically significant difference between these two groups both in the maximal alveolar-arterial @entity26 tension difference (594 +/- 53 mmHg and 613 +/- 37 mmHg, p = 0.145) and in the maximal oxygenation index (49.7 +/- 29.6 and 61.1 +/- 36.9, p = 0.172) before vasodilator therapy. However, twenty-four hours after treatment, these two parameters change significantly with the former changes to 426 +/- 198 mmHg and 643 +/- 7 mmHg, respectively (p < 0.001), and the latter changes to 21.6 +/- 15.8 and 82.3 +/- 54.8, respectively (p < 0.001). @entity1910 , @entity360 , @entity551 and @entity2753 are the most common complications of @entity6116 therapy. Eight @entity1 have @entity358 including pneumothorax (n = 5) and @entity2542 (n = 3). Two @entity1 develop @entity1030 . Three @entity1 have @entity16 . In conclusion, we achieve a survival rate of nearly 75% in PPHN mainly with the administration of @entity6116 therapy and the nonhyperventilation respirator approach. Further well-controlled and multicenter studies with newer treatment modalities are crucial for the improvement of survival of PPHN in Taiwan.

title: XXXX of the newborn: experience in a single institution.

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity649 :: ('MESH:D012128', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory distress syndrome']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity6116 :: ('MESH:D014043', 'Chemical') :: ['Tolazoline']

entities_list: @entity120 :: ('MESH:D006976', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary hypertension', 'Persistent pulmonary hypertension']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurodevelopmental handicap']

entities_list: @entity2914 :: ('MESH:D065630', 'Disease') :: ['congenital diaphragmatic hernia']

entities_list: @entity1174 :: ('MESH:D011015', 'Disease') :: ['aspiration syndrome']

entities_list: @entity33711 :: ('MESH:D010547', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic persistent fetal circulation']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary complications']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic lung disease']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity2753 :: ('MESH:D007010', 'Disease') :: ['hyponatremia']

entities_list: @entity2542 :: ('MESH:D011656', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary interstitial emphysema']

answer: @entity120 :: (MESH:D006976,Disease) :: ['Persistent pulmonary hypertension']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To describe the clinical, radiologic, and histopathologic aspects of @entity9129 occurring in @entity1 with @entity22148 , a rare, inheritable, @entity66 . METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed five @entity1 with @entity22148 evaluated at the Mayo Clinic Rochester from 1998 through 2005. RESULTS: Mean age (+/- SD) at the time of pulmonary evaluation was 56.4 +/- 4.8 years; four @entity1 were @entity1 . Three @entity1 had not received a diagnosis of @entity22148 at the time of initial CT of the chest. Three @entity1 had a smoking history, and two were nonsmokers. Two @entity1 had a history of recurrent pneumothoraces. Pulmonary function tests available in four @entity1 revealed normal results in one @entity1 and mild airflow obstruction or nonspecific pattern of abnormalities in three @entity1 . CT of the chest revealed @entity9129 in all five @entity1 ; cysts were round to oval in shape, ranged widely in size, and were randomly distributed throughout the lungs, except for a predilection to involve the lung bases more extensively. Three @entity1 with a smoking history had more severe cystic changes compared to nonsmokers and included both @entity1 with recurrent pneumothoraces. Surgical lung biopsy available in one @entity1 revealed @entity2415 -like changes. Follow-up CT scans available in four @entity1 revealed relative stability over a median interval of 20 months (range, 3 to 66 months). CONCLUSION: We conclude that @entity9129 in @entity22148 varies widely in severity, mimics @entity358 , and may be worsened by smoking.

title: XXXX in @entity22148 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity22148 :: ('MESH:D058249', 'Disease') :: ['BHD syndrome', 'Birt-Hogg-Dub   (BHD) syndrome']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['multisystem disorder']

entities_list: @entity2415 :: ('MESH:D004646', 'Disease') :: ['emphysema']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis']

entities_list: @entity9129 :: ('MESH:C563237', 'Disease') :: ['cystic lung disease']

answer: @entity9129 :: (MESH:C563237,Disease) :: ['Cystic lung disease']


abstract: Noninvasive radionuclide angiocardiography (RNA) provides simple and accurate assessment of parameters of cardiac function during rest and during maximal exercise. Left ventricular function was assessed by RNA in nine @entity1 with isolated @entity4794 before and approximately 6 months after mitral commissurotomy. Before operation, the mean mitral valve gradient was 14.0 +/- 2.8 mm Hg, and the mean mitral valve area was 1.20 +/- 0.3 cm2. Each @entity1 was evaluated at rest and during maximal exercise on an isokinetic bicycle ergometer before and after commissurotomy. Heart rate, ejection fraction, end-diastolic volume, @entity64 volume, pulmonary transit time, cardiac output, and diastolic ventricular filling rate were determined by the radionuclide technique. Before operation, @entity1 with @entity4794 had characteristic changes from rest to exercise which supported restriction to diastolic ventricular filling as the primary limitation in generating a cardiac output during exercise. The @entity64 volume was unchanged from rest to exercise. Thus the cardiac output during exercise was heart rate dependent. However, after commissurotomy the @entity64 volume increased from rest to exercise. Therefore, cardiac output during exercise was achieved by heart rate and an augmented @entity64 volume. Moreover, the pulmonary transit time was reduced during rest and exercise after operation. The maximum ventricular ejection and filling rates were markedly increased during rest and exercise after commissurotomy. These differences in hemodynamic parameters at rest and during exercise document the mechanics of increased exercise tolerance in @entity1 with @entity4794 after mitral commissurotomy.

title: Noninvasive assessment of hemodynamic effects of mitral valve commissurotomy during rest and exercise in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4794 :: ('MESH:D008946', 'Disease') :: ['mitral stenosis']

answer: @entity4794 :: (MESH:D008946,Disease) :: ['mitral stenosis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1 @entity421 cells with an av integrin green fluorescent protein (GFP) fusion gene were previously established and imaged in vitro and in vivo. In the present study, we imaged the interaction of av integrin-GFP in @entity421 cells and collagen fibers in vascular-trafficking @entity421 in @entity19 . @entity1 143B @entity421 cells, expressing av integrin-GFP, were injected by a vascular route in an abdominal skin flap in @entity19 . @entity421 cells were fluorescently imaged in the epigastric cranialis vein in the abdominal skin flap by confocal microscopy. Collagen fibers were imaged in reflectance mode. At early stages of @entity5 embolus-formation, @entity5 cells adhered firmly to each other, diffusely expressing av integrin-GFP. Two weeks after injection, collagen fiber scaffolds were visualized at the margins of @entity5 emboli or within them. Four weeks after injection, @entity5 cells invading from emboli were strongly expressing av integrin-GFP, and were aligned along collagen fibers. The results suggest av integrin and collagen fiber scaffolds are important for @entity5 , which are potential seeds of @entity3 . J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 26-30, 2017.    2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Use of av Integrin Linked to GFP to Image Molecular Dynamics in Trafficking XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'tumor embolus formation']

entities_list: @entity421 :: ('MESH:D012516', 'Disease') :: ['Osteosarcoma', 'osteosarcoma emboli', 'osteosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Cancer-Cell Emboli']


abstract: PURPOSE: To study the prevalence of @entity940 in @entity1 with @entity5769 and @entity2372 and to determine if @entity940 was influenced by surgical correction. DESIGN: This is a retrospective review of 182 eyes of 91 @entity1 who were diagnosed with significant @entity5769 at the National University Hospital, Singapore. METHODS: Demographic data, best-corrected visual acuity, @entity2516 at presentation and annually thereafter, presence of @entity4457 , severity of @entity2372 , and nature of surgical intervention if any were recorded. RESULTS: Mean age of the @entity1 was 7.23 +/- 6.43 years. 52.2% of @entity1 had @entity940 of 1 diopter (D) or more (range, -0.5 to -4.0 D), and the @entity940 was largely with-the-rule. There was no significant association between severity of @entity2372 and @entity940 . Nine percent of @entity1 had @entity4457 after spectacle correction and all had significant @entity940 . A total of 70.3% of @entity1 underwent surgery and mean time to surgery was 12.2 +/- 13.1 months after diagnosis. Mean age to surgery was 7.5 +/- 7.12 years. Comparison of pre- and postoperative @entity940 in @entity1 younger than age 5 at the time of surgery showed no significant changes in @entity940 at one to two years of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: There was high prevalence of @entity940 in @entity1 with @entity5769 (52.2% had 1 D or more of @entity940 ). A total of 9% of @entity1 had @entity4457 from @entity940 . Surgery did not seem to affect @entity940 especially in young @entity1 . Possibility of @entity4457 from @entity940 must be borne in mind while treating @entity1 with @entity5769 .

title: Refractive changes in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity940 :: ('MESH:D001251', 'Disease') :: ['astigmatism']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5769 :: ('MESH:C565051', 'Disease') :: ['epiblepharon']

entities_list: @entity2516 :: ('MESH:D012030', 'Disease') :: ['refractive error']

entities_list: @entity2372 :: ('MESH:C562399', 'Disease') :: ['keratopathy']

entities_list: @entity4457 :: ('MESH:D000550', 'Disease') :: ['amblyopia']

answer: @entity5769 :: (MESH:C565051,Disease) :: ['epiblepharon']


abstract: @entity1 with @entity4303 undergoing surgical resection or ischemic treatment of hepatic metastases by embolization are at risk for development of @entity4303 crises due to release of hormonally active @entity5 products. Eight such @entity1 were treated on nine separate occasions with increasing subcutaneous doses of a synthetic @entity1943 analogue ( @entity87 201-995) 4 days prior to @entity99 . The @entity1 were tested by pentagastrin provocation and simultaneous measurement of @entity750 ( @entity750 ) levels in peripheral blood before and after prophylactic treatment, to evaluate the efficacy of @entity87 201-995. The provoked release of @entity750 was markedly diminished, and the basal levels of @entity750 were markedly reduced in @entity1 with high initial levels. During surgery or embolization both @entity87 201-995, as well as @entity6009 , a @entity7601 blocker, were given. With this combined treatment all @entity1 were hemodynamically stable during surgery or embolization. During embolization the arterial levels of @entity750 increased only moderately, while urinary excretion of @entity1130 remained unchanged despite a proven adequate embolization. Two @entity1 were operated on without previous treatment with @entity87 201-995; both developed severe crises at induction of anesthesia, but IV @entity87 201-995 rapidly reversed the bronchoconstriction and facial flush and gradually restored arterial blood pressure, even though cardiac output remained depressed for a prolonged period. The crisis reaction correlated well with high circulating levels of @entity750 , but after treatment with @entity87 201-995 these levels were still high.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: @entity87 201-995 and provocation tests in preparation of XXXX with @entity4303 for @entity99 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4303 :: ('MESH:D002276', 'Disease') :: ['midgut carcinoids', 'carcinoid']

entities_list: @entity1130 :: ('CHEBI:27823', 'Chemical') :: ['5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid']

entities_list: @entity1943 :: ('MESH:D013004', 'Chemical') :: ['somatostatin']

entities_list: @entity6009 :: ('MESH:D007650', 'Chemical') :: ['ketanserin']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['surgery or hepatic arterial embolization']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the influence of genetic variability on the phenotypic expression of @entity785 ( @entity785 ), by testing possible associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in @entity16210 and @entity9596 genes and @entity785 in a Caucasian population. METHODS: As @entity16210 and @entity9596 are located on the X chromosome and @entity785 occurs far more frequently in @entity1 than in @entity1 , only @entity1 were genotyped. The study group comprised 97 @entity1 with @entity785 , 36 with diffuse (dcSSc) and 61 with limited (lcSSc) cutaneous forms of disease, and 109 healthy controls. @entity1 and controls were Caucasian. We investigated 4 SNP in @entity43617 in @entity9596 by polymerase chain reaction amplifications and enzymatic digestion or primer extension reactions and denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography. RESULTS: We detected an association between @entity9596 @entity43618 and @entity1 with @entity785 [p = 0.004, odds ratio (OR) = 1.85, confidence interval (CI) 1.22-2.74, p corr = 0.02], as well as with dcSSc in that subgroup of @entity1 (p = 0.01, OR 2.22, 95% CI 1.27-3.89, p corr = 0.05). The @entity9596 rs638376G allele frequency was higher in @entity1 with @entity785 (51.6%) than in controls (36.4%, p = 0.003, OR 1.86, 95% CI 1.24-2.79, p corr = 0.015) and in the subgroup with dcSSc (57.6%) than in controls (36.4%, p = 0.003, OR 2.37, 95% CI 1.35-4.15, p corr = 0.015). One other @entity9596 SNP was only associated with the dcSSc subgroup: the @entity9596 rs5946040G allele was more common in @entity1 with dcSSc (33.8%) than in controls (17%, p = 0.004, OR 2.5, 95% CI 1.36-4.60, p corr = 0.02). CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that @entity9596 gene polymorphisms may be involved in susceptibility to @entity785 . Further studies are under way to show that they contribute to disease.

title: XXXX gene polymorphisms are associated with @entity785 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity785 :: ('MESH:D012595', 'Disease') :: ['systemic sclerosis', 'SSc']

answer: @entity9596 :: (3598,Gene) :: ['IL13RA2']


abstract: The antihypertensive efficacy and safety of @entity3593 , a long-acting angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, were assessed in 23 @entity1 with @entity101 associated with @entity8 (glomerular filtration rate 60 ml/min or less) in an open study of 12 weeks' duration. @entity3593 was given orally in single daily doses. The starting dose was 2.5 mg in @entity1 with glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of less than 30 ml/min and 5 mg in all other @entity1 . This was titrated to a maximum of 40 mg daily according to blood pressure response. A diuretic was then added if blood pressure was not controlled. Mean sitting and standing blood pressures were significantly reduced by @entity3593 treatment. The median dose of @entity3593 taken was 10 mg daily (range 2.5-40 mg), and only three @entity1 required the addition of a diuretic. The mean glomerular filtration rate was unchanged during the study (38 +/- 16.4 ml/min at baseline, 41 +/- 21.0 ml/min after 12 weeks of treatment). Twenty-two @entity1 completed the study. One @entity1 was withdrawn because of @entity1209 due to @entity354 which was probably not drug related. Another @entity1 had transient mild @entity4 and continued on @entity3593 . No clinically significant haematological or biochemical changes were observed. In conclusion, @entity3593 provided effective blood pressure control and was well tolerated in this group of @entity101 who are typically difficult to treat.

title: @entity3593 in XXXX associated with @entity8 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['impaired renal function']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensives', 'hypertension']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['angioneurotic oedema']

entities_list: @entity354 :: ('MESH:D005764', 'Disease') :: ['reflux oesophagitis']

entities_list: @entity3593 :: ('MESH:D017706', 'Chemical') :: ['Lisinopril', 'lisinopril']

entities_list: @entity1209 :: ('MESH:D020250', 'Disease') :: ['nausea and vomiting']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertension']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity2314 is a rare @entity2315 caused by a @entity2314 , which results in progressive intracellular accumulation of glycosphingolipids in various tissues. Cardiac involvement is frequent, with left ventricular (LV) @entity1184 (concentric, apical or asymmetric septal) as the most common finding. Evaluating LV @entity299 with conventional echocardiography is not sufficiently sensitive to detect impaired myocardial function early in the course of the disease. Doppler myocardial imaging can quantify changes in global and regional longitudinal myocardial function with great precision. AIM: To identify parameters of @entity299 in @entity1 with @entity2314 with no cardiac symptoms using conventional or Doppler echocardiography and tissue Doppler (including tissue tracking, strain and strain rate). METHODS: Four @entity1 with @entity2314 (3 female; mean age 47 +/- 17 years) and 29 healthy controls (19 female and 10 male; mean age 38 +/- 14 years) were studied with conventional echocardiography and tissue Doppler imaging using a Vivid 7 scanner. The following parameters were measured: LV dimensions, ejection fraction (using Simpson's rule), systolic and diastolic velocities and tissue tracking of the mitral annulus at six sites (apical views). LV peak systolic strain and strain rate were obtained in 12 segments from apical views. RESULTS: Two @entity1 had @entity4346 (one concentric and one apical). @entity73 was detected in three @entity1 by reduced flow propagation velocity of early transmitral flow (Vp) and E/Vp ratio. Mitral annulus systolic velocities were lower in @entity2314 than in the controls. Peak systolic strain and strain rate were diminished in all segments in three @entity1 , showing @entity296 . The results are presented for each of the four @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: In @entity1 with @entity2314 , with no cardiac symptoms and normal LV systolic function on conventional echocardiography, @entity67 was detected by Vp and E/Vp ratio regardless of @entity4346 . However, tissue Doppler imaging was able to detect @entity296 , particularly in @entity1 with @entity4346 .

title: Detection of preclinical left @entity67 in XXXX : the contribution of tissue Doppler.

entities_list: @entity2315 :: ('MESH:D016464', 'Disease') :: ['X-linked lysosomal storage disorder']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['impaired myocardial systolic function']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['Diastolic impairment']

entities_list: @entity2314 :: ('MESH:D000795', 'Disease') :: ['deficiency of alpha-galactosidase', 'Fabry disease']

entities_list: @entity4346 :: ('MESH:D017379', 'Disease') :: ['LV hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['systolic dysfunction', 'cardiac dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['diastolic dysfunction']

answer: @entity2314 :: (MESH:D000795,Disease) :: ['Fabry disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Our institution has experienced excellent success using hepatic artery embolization for treating symptoms and slowing @entity5 progression for @entity1 with unresectable hepatic @entity3 for @entity5 . Our previous treatment strategies used hepatic artery embolization alone, examining control of symptoms and @entity734 on @entity2390 therapy. However, some @entity1 exhibit hepatic @entity3 that are unresponsive to embolization. This report describes the use of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) as salvage treatment for these refractory @entity3 . METHODS: Thirteen @entity1 with unresectable bilobar hepatic @entity3 from biochemically confirmed @entity5 were treated with selective hepatic artery embolization using Lipiodol/Gelfoam between 1994 and 2000. Three @entity1 developed symptoms resistant to embolization treatment resulting from progression of existing @entity3 or development of new @entity3 . These @entity1 underwent surgical exploration and intraoperative ultrasound of their refractory lesions, followed by treatment with RFA. @entity5 size, symptoms of @entity4303 , and @entity2390 requirements were monitored postoperatively. RESULTS: Median follow-up for the three @entity1 treated with RFA was 6 months. During the first 3-month interval following RFA, all three @entity1 demonstrated decrease in the size of treated lesions. Using our previously developed symptom scoring system, all three @entity1 demonstrated @entity1109 following treatment. One @entity1 was able to discontinue @entity2390 treatment, and the other two @entity1 required decrease @entity2390 dosages. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that utilization of RFA treatment for carcinoid @entity3 @entity99 may represent a useful adjunct for symptomatic control, decreased @entity2390 @entity734 , and slowing of disease progression.

title: Radiofrequency ablation treatment of refractory carcinoid hepatic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor', 'carcinoid tumors']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['decreased symptoms']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity2390 :: ('MESH:D015282', 'Chemical') :: ['octreotide']

entities_list: @entity4303 :: ('MESH:D002276', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoid syndrome']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['refractory to hepatic artery embolization']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['dependence']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['metastases']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: This study examined the in-vivo effect of the NSAID @entity12698 on DNA methylation in the promoter region of the @entity10622 genes @entity20197 , tissue factor pathway inhibitor 12, and @entity36459 , and on apoptosis, in @entity1721 ( @entity1721 ). Forty-five @entity1 who underwent an esophagectomy for @entity1721 were allocated to either a treatment group (n=22) or a control group (n=23). @entity1 in the treatment group were administered 800   mg/day of @entity12698 for 14 days before surgery. @entity1 in the control group did not take any type of NSAID. @entity5 were collected before surgery and tissue from the resection specimens after surgery. Methylation-specific PCR was used to measure DNA methylation and apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry. There was no difference in the proportion of @entity1 with methylation for each of the genes between the @entity1 groups before treatment. In those @entity1 with pretreatment methylation, there was a significant reduction in the proportion with methylation and a significant increase in the corresponding messenger RNA expression after treatment with @entity12698 . In those tissues in which there was a reduction in methylation following @entity12698 treatment, there was a significant increase in the percentage of apoptotic cells, but not in the tissues with no change in methylation. In @entity1721 , in-vivo treatment with @entity12698 is associated with a reduction in DNA methylation and increase in messenger RNA expression of @entity10622 genes, and increases in apoptosis.

title: The effect of @entity12698 on DNA methylation of @entity20197 , TFPI2, and XXXX in squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus in vivo.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity12698 :: ('MESH:C105934', 'Chemical') :: ['celecoxib']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Biopsies of the tumor']

entities_list: @entity1721 :: ('MESH:C562729', 'Disease') :: ['ESCC', 'esophageal squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity36459 :: ('11167', 'Gene') :: ['follistatin-like protein 1']

answer: @entity36459 :: (11167,Gene) :: ['FSTL1']


abstract: In two independent and separate studies, we have shown that @entity8 ( @entity740 ) directly inhibit skeletal anabolism, and that stimulation of bone formation decreased the serum @entity1391 . In the first study, the serum Ca PO(4), @entity10173 ( @entity10173 ), and @entity3873 were maintained normal after renal ablation in @entity19 , and even mild @entity8 equivalent to stage 3 @entity740 decreased bone formation rates. More recently, these observations were rediscovered in @entity1748 null ( @entity1748 -/-) @entity19 fed high-fat/ @entity165 diets, a model of the @entity209 ( @entity101 , @entity28 , @entity2299 and insulin resistance). We demonstrated that these @entity19 have @entity729 ( @entity729 ) of both the intimal @entity731 . We have also shown that @entity729 is made worse by @entity740 and ameliorated by @entity17736 ( @entity17736 ). The finding that high-fat fed @entity1748 -/- animals with @entity740 had @entity2265 which was prevented in @entity17736 -treated animals lead us to examine the skeletons of these @entity19 . It was found that significant reductions in bone formation rates were associated with high-fat feeding, and superimposing @entity740 resulted in the @entity79 ( @entity79 ), while @entity729 was made worse. The effect of @entity740 (decreased bone formation rates and reduced number of bone modelling units) occurred despite @entity3528 . The @entity17736 treatment corrected the @entity79 and @entity2265 , owing to @entity17736 -driven stimulation of skeletal @entity1391 deposition reducing plasma @entity1391 and thereby removing a major stimulus to @entity729 . A pathological link between abnormal bone mineralization and @entity729 through the serum @entity3151 was demonstrated by the partial effectiveness of directly reducing the serum @entity1391 by a @entity1391 binder that had no skeletal action. Thus, in the @entity209 with @entity740 , a reduction in bone forming potential of osteogenic cells leads to the @entity79 producing @entity2265 and @entity729 , processes ameliorated by @entity17736 , in part through increased bone formation and skeletal deposition of @entity1391 and in part through direct actions on vascular smooth muscle cells. We have demonstrated that the processes leading to @entity729 begin with even mild levels of @entity8 affecting the skeleton before demonstrable @entity2265 and that they are preventable and treatable. Therefore, early intervention in the @entity2526 associated with @entity740 is warranted and may affect mortality of the disease.

title: Function and effect of @entity17736 in kidney bone and the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1748 :: ('16835(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['LDLR', 'low-density lipoprotein receptor']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal injury', 'renal injury and chronic kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity2299 :: ('MESH:D050171', 'Disease') :: ['dyslipidemia']

entities_list: @entity3873 :: ('MESH:D002117', 'Chemical') :: ['calcitriol']

entities_list: @entity3528 :: ('MESH:D006962', 'Disease') :: ['secondary hyperparathyroidism']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['CKD', 'CKD to decrease skeletal anabolism']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['ABD', 'adynamic bone disorder']

entities_list: @entity2265 :: ('MESH:D054559', 'Disease') :: ['hyperphosphatemia']

entities_list: @entity1391 :: ('CHEBI:26020', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphate']

entities_list: @entity3151 :: ('MESH:D010758', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphorus']

entities_list: @entity729 :: ('MESH:D061205', 'Disease') :: ['vascular calcification', 'VC']

entities_list: @entity2526 :: ('MESH:D025063', 'Disease') :: ['skeletal disorder']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerotic type and medial calcification']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity740 :: (MESH:D051436,Disease) :: ['bone-vascular links in chronic kidney disease']


abstract: PURPOSE: Many @entity1 who have had hysterectomies have the perception that they gained weight after surgery that cannot be attributed to changes in diet or physical activity. The purpose of this analysis was to assess @entity1017 in premenopausal @entity1 in the first year after hysterectomy compared with a control group of @entity1 with intact uteri and ovaries. METHODS: As part of a prospective cohort study designed to assess the risk for @entity2670 after premenopausal hysterectomy, weight was measured at baseline and 1-year follow-up in 236 @entity1 undergoing hysterectomy and 392 control @entity1 . Changes in measured weight and reported weight were assessed. Unconditional logistic regression analyses were used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for weight gains of >10 pounds. RESULTS: @entity1 with hysterectomies weighed more and had a higher mean body mass index (BMI) than control @entity1 at baseline. Mean @entity1017 was 1.36 kg ( approximately 3 pounds) for @entity1 with hysterectomies vs. 0.61 kg ( approximately 1.3 pounds) for control @entity1 (p = 0.07). Weight gain of >10 pounds occurred in 23% of @entity1 with hysterectomies compared with 15% of control @entity1 (multivariable OR = 1.61, 95% CI 1.04 = 2.48). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 undergoing hysterectomies appear to be at higher risk for @entity1017 in the first year after surgery. Heavier @entity1 and @entity1 who have had weight fluctuations throughout adulthood may be at greater risk for postsurgical @entity1017 , suggesting that lifestyle interventions to maintain or lose weight may be particularly helpful for these @entity1 in the months following hysterectomy.

title: A prospective study of XXXX after premenopausal hysterectomy.

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['weight gain']

entities_list: @entity2670 :: ('MESH:D010049', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian failure']

answer: @entity1017 :: (MESH:D015430,Disease) :: ['weight gain']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Graduated compression stockings (GCS) are widely used to prevent perioperative @entity1211 . However, actual compression pressures of GCS on @entity1 ' legs have rarely been reported. METHODS: Four different types of GCS were evaluated. Compression pressures of GCS were measured hydrostatically by using a small balloon filled with water at the ankle, the @entity291 and the knee (proximal end) in 463 legs of surgical @entity1 . We also compared the influence of body mass index (BMI) on compression pressures of each GCS. RESULTS: No GCS ideally exerted compression of each sites of the legs while maintaining adequate pressure gradient from the ankle to the knee. It revealed that adequate compression of the @entity291 and pressure gradient between the ankle and the @entity291 could hardly be achieved simultaneously. In some GCS, BMI did not influence compression pressure but in the others compression tended to increase in @entity1 with increased BMI. CONCLUSIONS: As the compression characteristics of GCS are different among products, selection of GCS is important for its effective use. To select a proper GCS, measurement of actual compression pressure seems necessary.

title: [Compression characteristics of graduated compression stockings used for prevention of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['venous thromboembolism']

answer: @entity1211 :: (MESH:D054556,Disease) :: ['venous thromboembolism']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a new regimen that combines weekly @entity1205 and weekly @entity1259 for the treatment of advanced @entity263 . METHODS: @entity1205 30 mg/m2 and @entity1259 30 mg/m2 were intravenously administered on a weekly basis, for a maximum of 24 cycles. The therapy was discontinued after the first 12 cycles in the @entity1 who responded or had stable disease and was resumed as soon as any signs of progression were noted. RESULTS: Of the 38 evaluable @entity1 , 26 achieved a confirmed greater than 50% decrease in @entity1486 level (68.4%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 51.2% to 82.0%). The median response duration was 8.8 months (95% CI 6.2 to 11.8), and the median time to progression was 7.4 months (95% CI 5.6 to 9.6). @entity158 was rapidly reduced in 24 (72.7%, 95% CI 54.2 to 86.7) of the 33 @entity1 who were symptomatic at baseline. Of the 38 @entity1 , 21 resumed therapy after the planned interruption; of these, 3 had a @entity1486 response (14.2%) and 12 had stable disease (57.1%). The regimen was well tolerated. Grade 3 @entity1398 occurred in 15.7% of the @entity1 , grade 3 @entity417 in 13.1%, and grade 3 @entity882 in 7.8%. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study have suggested the feasibility and tolerability of the combination of weekly @entity1205 and weekly @entity1259 , which led to a rapid and long-lasting decrease in @entity1486 levels and a palliative response in @entity1 with advanced @entity263 .

title: Weekly XXXX and @entity1259 in treatment of advanced @entity263 .

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['hormone-refractory prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity1259 :: ('MESH:D015251', 'Chemical') :: ['epirubicin']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity1205 :: ('MESH:C067311', 'Chemical') :: ['docetaxel', 'Docetaxel']

entities_list: @entity1486 :: ('354', 'Gene') :: ['prostate-specific antigen']

answer: @entity1205 :: (MESH:C067311,Chemical) :: ['docetaxel']


abstract: 1. The role of @entity935 (DA) in mood regulation remains controversial. 2. Previous studies have examined DA sensitivity by measuring neuroendocrine responses following an agonist challenge. For the most part the results of such tests have failed to provide convincing evidence of a DA @entity66 . 3. Neuroendocrine responses, however, are subject to complex regulatory influences and respond to DA systems which differ from those thought to modulate mood. 4. Recent animal and @entity1 studies suggest that light-dark adaptive electrical responses of the retinal pigment epithelium may serve as a better model of dopaminergic function. 5. The present study reports neuroendocrine and ocular results prior to, and following, an @entity3826 ( @entity3827 ; 0.75 mg sc) challenge in 12 @entity308 @entity1 and 12 normal controls. 6. @entity3826 administration increased both light and dark retinal potentials in @entity1 whereas those of controls decreased and this group difference was significant (p < 0.002). 7. No group differences were detected in any measure at baseline, or in prolactin, or @entity2124 levels after the APO challenge. 8. The results indicate that the retina may serve as a more sensitive indicator of @entity935 abnormalities in @entity308 .

title: @entity3826 induced alteration in corneofundal potentials in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive illness', 'depressed']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['abnormality in affective disorders']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity3826 :: ('MESH:D001058', 'Chemical') :: ['Apomorphine', 'apomorphine']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['depression']