abstract: Nearly 80% of @entity1 with @entity30 ( @entity30 ) require surgical treatment for complications or failure of medical management. We managed a 31-year-old @entity1 with @entity30 who presented with a post-operative @entity292 . The @entity1 had undergone surgery due to multiple strictures and a @entity292 . However, a new @entity292 developed that connected to the intraperitoneal abscess. Intravenous antibiotics were started and multiple percutaneous @entity5173 tubes were inserted to treat the @entity6177 . However, the amount of @entity5173 was consistently high, even one month after the operation. To treat the @entity86 , 5 mg/kg of infliximab was started, and the amount of @entity5173 decreased dramatically to less than 10 cc a day. Some studies have reported that infliximab decreases the recurrence of @entity30 after surgery. The effect of infliximab on post-operative @entity292 in @entity1 with @entity30 has not been sufficiently studied. Our results indicated that the use of infliximab to treat post-operative @entity292 should be explored further in future clinical studies.

title: Successful treatment of @entity86 with infliximab in a XXXX with @entity30 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity6177 :: ('MESH:D018784', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal abscess']

entities_list: @entity292 :: ('MESH:D005402', 'Disease') :: ['fistula', 'fistulas']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative fistula']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ['CD', "Crohn's disease"]

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: One of the most important factors associated with local recurrence after lumpectomy in @entity0 @entity1 is the status of the surgical margin. Standard surgical practice is to obtain clear margins even if this requires a second surgical procedure. It is assumed that reexcision to achieve clear margins when positive margins are present at initial excision is as effective as @entity5 removal at a single procedure; however, the efficacy of reexcision in this context has not been well studied. A retrospective search of the Henrietta Banting Breast Centre database from 1987 to 1997 identified 1430 @entity1 who underwent lumpectomy for @entity0 : 1225 @entity1 (group A) had negative margins at the initial surgery and 152 @entity1 (group B) underwent one or more reexcisions to achieve negative margins. Fifty-three @entity1 had positive margins at final surgery, but no reexcision was done (group C). Logistic regression was used to identify factors that were predictive of a positive margin; predictors of local recurrence in @entity1 whose @entity5 were completely resected were determined using Cox's proportional hazards model. @entity1 in groups A, B, and C differed with respect to mean age at diagnosis (58 years, 51 versus, and 56 years, respectively, p < 0.0001), mean @entity5 size (19 mm, 16 mm, and 26 mm, respectively, p < 0.0001), node positivity (30%, 22%, and 41%, respectively, p = 0.004), and the presence of a @entity513 in situ (DCIS) component (60%, 64%, and 79%, respectively, p = 0.007). The mean follow-up period was similar for the three groups (8 years, 8 years, and 9 years, respectively, p = 0.17). Young age was the only variable predictive of positive margins. Among @entity1 undergoing @entity5 excision, there was a suggestion of a higher 10 year local recurrence rate in reexcision group B, but the difference did not reach statistical significance (11.6% versus 16.6%, p = 0.11). Cox's multivariate regression analyses identified older age, smaller @entity5 size, receiving radiation therapy, and @entity440 use as significantly decreasing the rate of local recurrence in @entity1 with negative margins at initial surgery or after reexcision. Our data confirm the results of previous studies indicating that young age is an independent predictor of positive margins after lumpectomy for @entity0 . The only independent predictor of local recurrence in our study cohort was large @entity5 size. There was a trend toward a higher local recurrence rate if more than one procedure was required to secure clear margins, although this effect was not independent of other factors. Reexcision to clear involved margins is an important surgical intervention for both younger and older @entity1 .

title: The role of reexcision for positive margins in optimizing local disease control after breast-conserving surgery for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity440 :: ('MESH:D013629', 'Chemical') :: ['tamoxifen']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer', 'invasive breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'complete tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity513 :: ('MESH:D044584', 'Disease') :: ['ductal carcinoma']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: No consensus exists on the optimal treatment strategy for clinical T2-T3N0M0 @entity418 . This study was conducted to determine rates of nodal positivity (N+) and to evaluate results of treatment strategies in this cohort. METHODS: Surgically treated @entity1 with cT2-T3N0M0 @entity418 were reviewed. Adequacy of lymph node dissection was assessed by guidelines applied to clinical stage. Survival was determined by Kaplan-Meier analysis. Univariate and multivariate analyses were done for predictors of N+ and survival. RESULTS: We identified 102 @entity1 , 51 cT2N0 and 51 cT3N0, 39 (38%) of whom had induction therapy. Despite being clinically node negative, 61 @entity1 (60%) had nodal metastases. Applied to cT classification, adequate nodal dissection was achieved in 64 @entity1 (63%). Transthoracic esophagectomy was more likely than transhiatal esophagectomy to achieve adequate nodal dissection (69% versus 31%, p=0.005). Adequate nodal dissection was more likely to document pN+ disease in both the surgery alone group (70% versus 50%, p=0.13) and induction therapy group (71% versus 33%, p=0.02). Five-year overall survival was 44% with surgery alone and 55% with induction therapy. On multivariate analysis, pN+ was the strongest predictor of overall survival (relative risk 2.73, confidence interval: 1.29 to 5.78). CONCLUSIONS: Most cT2-T3N0M0 @entity1 have pN+ disease. Despite induction therapy, more than 50% have persistent @entity66 . Transthoracic esophagectomy is more likely to detect pN+ disease and more likely to meet criteria of adequate nodal dissection than is transhiatal esophagectomy. Therefore, the majority of @entity1 with cT2-T3N0M0 should be considered for neoadjuvant protocols and should be treated by transthoracic resection whenever possible.

title: Clinical T2-T3N0M0 XXXX : the risk of node positive disease.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity418 :: ('MESH:D004938', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal cancer']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['nodal disease']

answer: @entity418 :: (MESH:D004938,Disease) :: ['esophageal cancer']


abstract: Biocompatibility is a requirement for the development of nanofibers for ophthalmic applications. In this study, nanofibers were elaborated using @entity4351 via electrospinning. The ocular biocompatibility of this material was investigated. MIO-M1 and @entity1 cell cultures were incubated with nanofibers and cellular responses were monitored by viability and morphology. The in vitro biocompatibility revealed that the nanofibers were not cytotoxic to the ocular cells. These cells exposed to the nanofibers proliferated and formed an organized monolayer. @entity1 and MIO-M1 cells were capable of expressing @entity538 , respectively, demonstrating their functionality. Nanofibers were inserted into the vitreous cavity of the @entity35 's eye for 10days and the in vivo biocompatibility was investigated using Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT), histology and measuring the expression of pro-inflammatory genes ( @entity3426 , @entity1505 , @entity6667 and @entity1506 ) (real-time PCR). The OCT and the histological analyzes exhibited the preserved architecture of the tissues of the eye. The biomaterial did not elicit an inflammatory reaction and pro-inflammatory cytokines were not expressed by the retinal cells, and the other posterior tissues of the eye. Results from the biocompatibility studies indicated that the nanofibers exhibited a high degree of cellular biocompatibility and short-term intraocular tolerance, indicating that they might be applied as drug carrier for ophthalmic use.

title: In vitro and in vivo ocular biocompatibility of electrospun XXXX nanofibers.

entities_list: @entity4351 :: ('CHEBI:60736', 'Chemical') :: ['poly(  -caprolactone)']

answer: @entity4351 :: (CHEBI:60736,Chemical) :: ['poly(  -caprolactone)']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Congenital cervical fragmentation is a very rare genital tract @entity600 that usually presents in adolescence with primary @entity2588 and cyclic, monthly, lower @entity490 . We report a nearly normal case of @entity3799 and successful end-to-end @entity254 . CASE: A 15-year-old @entity1 presented with primary @entity2588 with cyclic, monthly lower @entity490 lasting for 15  months without any abnormal imaging findings (pelvic CT scan, ultrasonography, and hysteroscopy). Misdiagnosis and appendectomy was performed at the time of the initial lower @entity490 . Diagnostic combined hysteroscopy and laparoscopy were performed in our hospital, and cervical fragmentation was diagnosed. A converted laparotomy end-to-end @entity254 was performed successfully, and regular menstruation was restored after the operation. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION: The @entity600 of nearly normal @entity3799 is existent and hard to diagnose. As long as the @entity1 has persistent primary @entity2588 with cyclic, monthly lower @entity490 , even if no abnormal findings on imaging, obstructive @entity600 of the reproductive duct should be the primary suspicion. Diagnosis and treatment should occur as early as possible to preserve the @entity1 's fertility. End-to-end @entity254 is the best method for this type of @entity1 .

title: Nearly Normal Congenital Cervical Fragmentation: A Hard-To-Diagnose and Successful End-To-End XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['girl', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['malformation']

entities_list: @entity3799 :: ('MESH:D002575', 'Disease') :: ['congenital cervical fragmentation']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity2588 :: ('MESH:D000568', 'Disease') :: ['amenorrhea']

answer: @entity254 :: (MESH:C563598,Disease) :: ['Anastomosis']


abstract: A delay in the mechanical transplantation (MT) of @entity579 seedlings frequently occurs in Huanghuai @entity3505 - @entity579 rotation cropping districts of China, due to the late harvest of @entity3505 , the poor weather conditions and the insufficiency of transplanters, missing the optimum transplanting time and causing seedlings to age. To identify how delaying transplanting @entity579 affects the agronomic characteristics including the growth duration, photosynthetic productivity and @entity62 remobilization efficiency and the grain yield under mechanical transplanting pattern, an experiment with a split-plot design was conducted over two consecutive years. The main plot includes two types of cultivation: mechanical transplanting and @entity8 ( @entity8 ). The subplot comprises four @entity27267 cultivars. The results indicate that the @entity579 jointing, booting, heading and @entity2175 stages were postponed under MT when using @entity8 as a control. The tiller occurrence number, @entity62 weight per tiller, accumulative @entity62 for the population, leaf area index, crop growth rate, photosynthetic potential, and @entity62 remobilization efficiency of the leaf under MT significantly decreased compared to those under @entity8 . In contrast, the reduction rate of the leaf area during the heading- @entity2175 stage was markedly enhanced under MT. The numbers of effective panicles and filled grains per panicle and the grain yield significantly decreased under MT. A significant correlation was observed between the @entity62 production, remobilization and distribution characteristics and the grain yield. We infer that, as with @entity579 from old seedlings, the decrease in the tiller occurrence, the photosynthetic productivity and the assimilate remobilization efficiency may be important agronomic traits that are responsible for the reduced grain yield under MT.

title: Effects of delaying transplanting on agronomic traits and grain yield of XXXX under mechanical transplantation pattern.

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['artificial transplanting', 'AT']

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['dry matter']

answer: @entity579 :: (4530,Species) :: ['rice']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Transcription factor @entity12990 ( @entity12990 ) is a transcription factor that regulates the expression of a variety of genes, including growth factors, chemokines, and adhesion molecules. We recently demonstrated that @entity1808 increases the glomerular expression of @entity12990 and that blockade of @entity12990 ameliorates the profibrotic and proinflammatory effects of @entity1808 . The Dahl salt-sensitive @entity35 is a paradigm of salt-sensitive @entity101 associated with local activation of the renin-angiotensin system. In these studies, we determined whether: (1) salt-sensitive @entity101 is associated with renal expression of @entity12990 and (2) @entity12990 participates in the development of end-organ injury in salt-sensitive @entity101 . Dahl salt-sensitive @entity35 were fed a normal-salt diet (0.5% @entity1219 diet) or a high-salt diet (4% @entity1219 ) for 4 weeks. Separate groups on high-salt diet received an @entity12990 dominant-negative peptide (10 mg/kg/d), an inactive @entity12990 mutant peptide (10 mg/kg/d), the @entity11154 blocker @entity1564 (10 mg/kg/d), or the combination high-salt diet/dominant-negative peptide/ @entity11154 blocker for 4 weeks. High-salt diet @entity35 had a significant increase in the glomerular expression of the phosphorylated @entity12990 that was prevented by @entity11154 blocker. @entity12990 blockade reduced @entity644 , @entity8 score, fibronectin expression, urinary transforming growth factor-b excretion, and macrophage infiltration. @entity11154 blocker reduced @entity644 , @entity8 score, and macrophage infiltration, whereas concomitant @entity12990 blockade and @entity11154 blocker had additive effects and reduced interstitial @entity82 . Our studies demonstrated that salt-sensitive @entity101 results in increased glomerular expression of phosphorylated @entity12990 and suggested that @entity12990 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of end-organ injury in salt-sensitive @entity101 .

title: Transcription Factor Avian Erythroblastosis Virus E26 Oncogen Homolog-1 Is a Novel Mediator of @entity8 in Salt-Sensitive XXXX .

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['glomerular injury']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity1564 :: ('MESH:C081643', 'Chemical') :: ['candesartan']

entities_list: @entity12990 :: ('24356(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['ETS-1', 'E26 transformation-specific sequence-1']

entities_list: @entity11154 :: ('81638(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['angiotensin II type 1 receptor', 'Angiotensin II type 1 receptor']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['Hypertension']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this investigation was to elucidate retrospectively the therapeutic effect of infliximab in @entity1 with active @entity30 ( @entity30 ) under nutritional therapy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Using a review of the clinical records in 24 nationwide institutions specializing in @entity29 , the short-term effect of infliximab in 97 @entity1 with active @entity30 was retrospectively investigated. The @entity30 activity index (CDAI) at baseline and after 2 weeks of a single infliximab administration (5 mg/kg) was compared among @entity1 under total parenteral nutrition ( @entity8856 group, n=36), those following an elemental or polymeric diet (EN group, n=49) and those without TPN and EN (NN group, n=12). A decrease in CDAI >or= 70 or a CDAI value <150 at 2 weeks was regarded as effective. RESULTS: There was no difference in CDAI at baseline among the three groups. In each group, CDAI decreased significantly (from 250 (195-290) [median (interquartiles)] to 152 (123-233) in the TPN group, p<0.0001; from 259 (200-325) to 180 (130-238) in the EN group, p<0.0001; from 278 (222-291) to 164 (132-196) in the NN group, p=0.003). Infliximab was effective in 63.9% of @entity1 in the TPN group, in 55.1% of those in the EN group and in 75% of the NN group. There was no statistical difference in efficacy among the three groups (p=0.4). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed younger age to be a significant factor related to the efficacy of infliximab. CONCLUSIONS: Infliximab is effective in @entity1 with @entity30 under TPN or EN. Age at infliximab administration may be predictive of response to infliximab.

title: Therapeutic efficacy of infliximab on active XXXX under nutritional therapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ['CD', "Crohn's disease"]

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel disease']

answer: @entity30 :: (MESH:D003424,Disease) :: ['Crohn's disease']


abstract: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the intraocular pressure (IOP) -lowering effect and safety of topical travoprost with sofzia and without @entity3676 on Japanese @entity1 with @entity726 . Topical travoprost (0.04%) was used on 39 @entity726 @entity1 with no prior use of topical @entity3774 analogues (Beginning group). The IOP, number of conjunctival follicules, degrees of @entity3169 , and degrees of @entity1036 ( @entity1036 , AD-classification) were determined at the beginning of the treatment and after 1 month and 3 months. 37 other @entity1 who were using 0.005% topical latanoprost were switched to 0.04% topical travoprost and analyzed in the same way (Switched group). For the Beginning group, the IOP was significantly decreased after 3 months (p < 0.0001). The conjunctival follicule score was decreased significantly (p = 0.033). Both the @entity1036 area score and density score for the cases with @entity1036 at the baseline decreased significantly (p = 0.034 and p = 0.024). In the switched group, the IOP was not changed significantly at 3 months after the switch (p = 0.118). Both the conjunctival follicule and @entity450 score were significantly decreased at 3 month (p = 0.0074 and p = 0.0047). The @entity1036 area score for the cases with @entity1036 at the time of switch decreased significantly (p = 0.013). Travoprost with sofzia preservative had an equal effect in reducing the IOP as latanoprost. It had low @entity137 on the ocular surface of Japanese @entity726 @entity1 .

title: Efficacy and safety of topical travoprost with sofzia preservative for Japanese @entity726 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity1036 :: ('MESH:D007634', 'Disease') :: ['superficial punctate keratitis', 'SPK']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity450 :: ('MESH:D006940', 'Disease') :: ['hyperemia']

entities_list: @entity3774 :: ('MESH:D015237', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandin F2alpha']

entities_list: @entity3169 :: ('MESH:D003229', 'Disease') :: ['conjunctival hyperemia']

entities_list: @entity3676 :: ('MESH:D001548', 'Chemical') :: ['benzalkonium chloride']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: To analyse the effect of exercise-based rehabilitation programs for improving lower limb muscle strength in individuals with @entity570 ( @entity571 ). A systematic search utilizing seven databases identified randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating lower limb strength outcomes of exercise-based interventions for @entity1 with hip or knee @entity571 . All studies were screened for eligibility and methodological quality. Quality of evidence was assessed using Grading of Recommendation, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. Data were pooled and meta-analyses performed where appropriate. Forty RCTs were included and the majority (77%) involved resistance based exercise programs. For knee @entity571 populations, there was high quality evidence for improved knee extension (standardized mean difference (SMD)  =  0.47, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 0.29, 0.66) and flexion strength (SMD  =  0.74, 95% CI 0.56, 0.92) with low-intensity resistance program when compared to a control at short term (ST) follow-up. There was moderate quality evidence for a large effect favouring high-intensity resistance programs (SMD  =  0.76, 95% CI 0.47, 1.06) when compared to a control. This effect was sustained at intermediate term (IT) follow-up (SMD  =  0.80, 95% CI 0.44, 1.17). Few studies reported on outcomes at long term (LT) follow-up. Only one study reported on a population with hip @entity571 . When compared to a control group, high-intensity resistance exercise demonstrated moderate quality of evidence for large and sustained improvements for knee muscle strength in knee @entity571 @entity1 . Further work is needed to compare different modes of exercise at a LT follow-up for knee @entity571 @entity1 and to address the dearth of literature evaluating exercise interventions in @entity1 with hip @entity571 .

title: Efficacy of rehabilitation programs for improving muscle strength in @entity1 with XXXX : a systematic review with  meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity570 :: ('MESH:D015207', 'Disease') :: ['hip or knee osteoarthritis']

answer: @entity570 :: (MESH:D015207,Disease) :: ['hip or knee osteoarthritis']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Reactive @entity26 species (ROS) induced lipid peroxidation is associated with sperm function. @entity1234 ( @entity1865 ) concentration and @entity2041 peroxidase (GPx) activity represent the lipid peroxidation and spermicidal antioxidant, respectively. We aimed to evaluate the relationship of @entity1865 and GPx levels with sperm parameters. @entity1 AND METHODS: Specimens were divided into two groups: group 1. normospermia (n=20); group 2. oligoasthenospermia (n=31). Seminal @entity1865 concentration was measured by @entity4466 reaction method. Seminal GPx activity was measured by oxidation of reduced @entity2125 . Seminal @entity1865 levels and GPx activities in both groups were compared. RESULTS: @entity1865 concentrations in both groups were significantly different (1.52 +/- 0.75 vs. 2.25 +/- 0.88 nM, p = 0.0021). GPx activities in both groups were non-significantly different (0.48 +/- 0.11 vs. 0.47 +/- 0.12 U/ml). @entity1865 levels were negatively correlated with the sperm motility ( @entity1865 = -0.014 x motility + 2.62, p =0.017) and concentration ( @entity1865 = -0.0045 x concentration + 2.23, p = 0.0166). GPx activities were positively but non-significantly correlated with the sperm concentration and sperm motility. CONCLUSIONS: Seminal @entity1865 concentrations are negatively correlated with sperm concentration and motility, which might provide a simple and useful tool in predicting sperm parameters. GPx activity is non-significantly correlated with the seminal quality. Roles of seminal @entity1865 upon spermatogenesis merits further surveys.

title: Seminal @entity1234 concentration but not XXXX peroxidase activity is negatively correlated with seminal concentration and motility.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity2125 :: ('MESH:D009243', 'Chemical') :: ['nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity2041 :: ('MESH:D005978', 'Chemical') :: ['glutathione']

entities_list: @entity1234 :: ('MESH:D008315', 'Chemical') :: ['Malondialdehyde']

entities_list: @entity4466 :: ('MESH:C029684', 'Chemical') :: ['thiobarbituric acid']

answer: @entity2041 :: (MESH:D005978,Chemical) :: ['glutathione']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity158 resulting from muscle cramps is one of the most common outcomes of hemodialysis. One of the mechanisms associated with muscle cramps is unnatural muscle metabolism. Because acupressure improves muscle metabolism through the releasing of energy, this study was performed with the purpose of determining the impact of acupressure on muscle cramps. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was a single-blind clinical trial. Accordingly, 64 @entity1 were selected and intensity and frequency of muscle cramps were determined by randomly categorizing them into two groups. The intervention group received 9 sessions of acupressure and the control group received 9 sessions of placebo intervention. The intervention was performed 15 min before hemodialysis in both groups. In both the groups, average intensity of @entity158 and the frequency @entity158 was compared before, after, and 1 month after completion of the intervention. RESULTS: Data analysis revealed that there were no significant statistical differences between the two groups in terms of mean value of intensity (P = 0.586) and frequency (P = 0.780) of muscle cramps before the intervention. We observed a significant difference after completion of intervention sessions (P < 0.001). Moreover, there were no significant differences between mean value of intensity (P < 0.001) and frequency (P = 0.030) of muscle cramps in the control group before, after, and 1 month after the completion of 9 sessions of placebo intervention. CONCLUSIONS: Employing acupressure may result in decrease of muscle cramps in @entity1 undergoing hemodialysis.

title: The effect of acupressure on muscle cramps in XXXX undergoing hemodialysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: 1. Electrophysiological recordings were made from identified neurons in the isolated suboesophageal ganglionic mass of Helix aspersa. Cells were voltage clamped at testing membrane potential. 2. Bath addition of 1 microM dibutyryl @entity268 caused a time dependent enhancement of an evoked IPSP and the @entity935 (DA) and @entity11879 (OA) induced outward currents obtained in these neurons. @entity1928 , 0.1 microM, which enhances and MDL 12,330A, 0.12 microM, which depresses adenylate cyclase activity also modified these responses. 3. The DA and OA inhibitory responses were both shown to be @entity972 mediated events. They were preferentially antagonised by low micromolar concentrations of @entity973 . Two other @entity972 channel antagonists, @entity5128 and @entity3855 had little effect on the DA and OA responses. 4. Cell sensitivity to DA and OA was greatly enhanced in @entity460 free/2 mM @entity1953 Ringer. The reversal potential of the DA response was shifted to a more negative value in @entity460 free Ringer. Sodium free Ringer was also found to alter the responses to DA or OA but those results were not consistent.

title: An analysis of the inhibitory responses of @entity935 and XXXX on Helix central neurons.

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity5128 :: ('MESH:D019789', 'Chemical') :: ['tetraethylammonium']

entities_list: @entity11879 :: ('MESH:D009655', 'Chemical') :: ['octopamine']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

entities_list: @entity973 :: ('MESH:D015761', 'Chemical') :: ['4-aminopyridine']

entities_list: @entity1928 :: ('MESH:D005576', 'Chemical') :: ['Forskolin']

answer: @entity11879 :: (MESH:D009655,Chemical) :: ['octopamine']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To establish the test-retest reproducibility of performance measures of physical function based on the Bath @entity1691 Functional Index (BASFI) questionnaire in @entity1 with @entity5427 . METHODS: Data were obtained from 65 @entity5427 @entity1 . They were tested on two occasions by one assessor with a 1-week interval. Physical function was assessed via eight performance measures based on items used in the BASFI questionnaire, representing activities of daily life, which @entity5427 @entity1 frequently report to be problematic. For each activity, a performance score was determined. @entity158 and exertion were measured using a 10-cm horizontal visual analogue scale (VAS) and Borg's modified scale, respectively. Test-retest reproducibility was assessed for all measurements using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and by calculating the @entity2246 ( @entity2246 ). RESULTS: Adequate intrarater reliability was found. For performance scores, ICCs ranged from 0.73 to 0.96. Measurements of exertion and @entity158 also showed adequate intrarater reliability, with the exception of one performance measure, namely the test for the ability to look over one's shoulder. For this test, the ICCs were 0.66 and 0.69 for exertion and @entity158 , respectively. The remaining ICCs for exertion ranged from 0.71 to 0.88 and for @entity158 from 0.74 to 0.83. The @entity2246 for performance scores ranged from 4 to 9% of the observed score. The @entity2246 for exertion ranged from 8 to 11% and for @entity158 from 10 to 15%. CONCLUSIONS: Performance measures of physical function based on the BASFI questionnaire have adequate to excellent test-retest reproducibility. Due to the presence of measurement error, measurements are accurate for group assessment; repeated measurements are advised for an adequate assessment of individual @entity1 .

title: Reproducibility of performance measures of physical function based on the BASFI, in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1691 :: ('MESH:D013167', 'Disease') :: ['Ankylosing Spondylitis']

entities_list: @entity2246 :: ('MESH:D008661', 'Disease') :: ['SEM', 'standard error of measurement']

answer: @entity1691 :: (MESH:D013167,Disease) :: ['ankylosing spondylitis']


abstract: The striatum receives massive cortical excitatory inputs and is densely innervated by @entity935 . Striatal projection neurons form either the direct or indirect pathways. Models of @entity191 propose that dopaminergic degeneration imbalances both pathways, although direct electrophysiological evidence is lacking. Here, striatal neurons were identified by electrophysiological criteria and @entity11480 labeling combined with either immunohistochemistry or in situ hybridization. Their spontaneous discharge activity and spike response to cortical stimulation were recorded in vivo in anesthetized @entity35 rendered @entity191 by @entity2955 . We showed that striatonigral neurons (direct pathway) were inhibited whereas striatopallidal neurons (indirect pathway) were activated by dopaminergic lesion. We also identified, with antidromic stimulations, corticostriatal neurons that preferentially innervate striatonigral or striatopallidal neurons and showed that dopaminergic depletion selectively decreased the spontaneous activity of the former. Therefore, @entity935 degeneration induces a cascade of imbalances that spread out of the basal ganglia and affect the whole basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical circuits. Fast-spiking @entity1246 interneurons provide potent feedforward inhibition of striatal projection neurons. We showed here that these interneurons narrowed the time window of the responses of projection neurons to cortical stimulation. In the @entity935 -depleted striatum, because the intrinsic activity of these interneurons was not altered, their feedforward inhibition worsened the striatal imbalance. Indeed, the time window of the evoked responses was narrower for striatonigral neurons and wider for striatopallidal neurons. Therefore, after dopaminergic depletion, cortical inputs and @entity1246 interneurons might imbalance striatal projection neurons and represent two novel nondopaminergic mechanisms that might secondarily contribute to the pathophysiology of @entity191 .

title: Cortical inputs and XXXX interneurons imbalance projection neurons in the striatum of @entity191 @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity11480 :: ('MESH:C070614', 'Chemical') :: ['Neurobiotin']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease", 'hemi-parkinsonian']

entities_list: @entity2955 :: ('MESH:D016627', 'Chemical') :: ['6-hydroxydopamine']

answer: @entity1246 :: (MESH:D005680,Chemical) :: ['GABA']


abstract: The colonization of the New World by the @entity15669 @entity238 subobscura was first detected in 1978 in South America and around 1982 in western North America. The ensuing dramatic expansion of the species, in territory as well as numbers, provides an opportunity for studying evolution in a scale rarely possible. We have used 10 restriction endonucleases to analyze the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of individuals from 23 widely dispersed localities. Only two mtDNA composite morphs have been detected in the Americas. None of the two morphs has been found in Africa, and only one in the Atlantic islands; but both are widespread in Europe, which provides no clue of the precise geographic origin of the colonizers. The amount of @entity377 -substitution polymorphism detected in D. subobscura is typical for animals, but it is greater in the Old than in the New World, presumably due to the recent colonization by a limited number of colonizers. Assuming standard evolutionary rates of mtDNA base substitution, the mtDNA morphs found in D. subobscura can be traced to a single one that existed no less than one million years ago. We argue against the inference that the D. subobscura flies now living descend from only one or a few females that lived at that time. This type of inference, which we call the "Mother Eve hypothesis," has been made to conclude that the @entity1 population went through a severe constriction about 200,000 years ago, so that all living @entity1 descend from only one or a few @entity1 who lived at that time. The Mother Eve hypothesis is fallacious.

title: Evolution of mitochondrial DNA in XXXX subobscura.

entities_list: @entity238 :: ('7227', 'Species') :: ['Drosophila']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'humans', 'human']

entities_list: @entity377 :: ('CHEBI:36976', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotide']

entities_list: @entity15669 :: ('MESH:C564159', 'Disease') :: ['Palearctic species']

answer: @entity238 :: (7227,Species) :: ['Drosophila']


abstract: BACKGROUND: While enhancing physical activity has been an essential goal of public health officials, @entity1 with @entity73 such as @entity1566 ( @entity1566 ) are more likely to live a sedentary lifestyle. Exercise has been shown to decrease the risk for many of the secondary conditions associated with @entity1566 , including @entity170 , @entity65 , pressure ulcers, @entity293 , @entity6 and @entity625 , yet this population is rarely a target for health promotion efforts. This paper examines the self-reported exercise experiences of @entity1 with @entity1566 using a qualitative-exploratory design. METHODS: We enrolled 26 individuals with @entity1566 (15 self-described 'exercisers' and 11 'non-exercisers') from a non-random pool of survey responders. Semi-structured phone interviews were conducted to record @entity1 ' experiences with exercise pre/post injury, barriers and facilitators to being active and perceived health impact. RESULTS: Regardless of exercise status, all @entity1 reported physical activity prior to injury and expressed interest in becoming active or maintaining an active lifestyle. @entity1 identified a range of both motivational and socio-environmental factors that were either facilitating or constraining of such a lifestyle. Non-exercisers identified barriers to exercise, including a perceived low return on physical investment, lack of accessible facilities, unaffordable equipment, no personal assistance and @entity130 . Exercisers identified facilitators, including personal motivation, independence, availability of accessible facilities and personal assistants, fear of health complications, and weight management. Exercisers associated a greater range of specific health benefits with being active than non-exercisers. CONCLUSION: Despite motivation and interest in being exercise active, @entity1 with @entity1566 face many obstacles. Removal of barriers coupled with promotion of facilitating factors, is vital for enhancing opportunities for physical activity and reducing the risk of costly secondary conditions in this population.

title: Staying physically active after XXXX : a qualitative exploration of barriers and facilitators to exercise participation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Participants', 'people']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['arthritis']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['physical impairments']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity293 :: ('MESH:D014552', 'Disease') :: ['urinary tract infections']

entities_list: @entity1566 :: ('MESH:D013119', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord injury', 'SCI']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['fear of injury']

answer: @entity1566 :: (MESH:D013119,Disease) :: ['spinal cord injury']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The clinical presentation of @entity420 is not different from the usual transitional cell @entity189 , hence the histological diagnosis plays an important role in the interpretation of cystoscopic biopsies. Six cases of primary @entity1494 are described from the pathologist's point of view. The diagnostic problems encountered in these cases are highlighted. METHODS: 6 cases of primary @entity1494 were encountered from 1983 to 1997. Relevant clinical data were analyzed. Multiple sections from the @entity5 and adjoining areas of the bladder were studied. Five @entity1 were aged 50 to 75 years and the youngest @entity1 was 22 years old. RESULTS: @entity811 and retention of urine were common presenting symptoms. Histologically, the diagnostic problems faced were mucinous metaplasia vs @entity189 , @entity150 vs clear cell @entity703 . We had one case of urachal and 5 cases of @entity189 . CONCLUSIONS: Primary @entity1494 is an unusual @entity5 accounting for 0.5 to 2% of all @entity1494 . They are commonly seen in @entity4759 areas like @entity2040 . By origin they are grouped into urachal and @entity189 and histologically grouped as enteric, mucinous, clear cell and @entity420 not otherwise specified. Direct consultation with the urologist, clinical findings, investigations and careful screening of histological material will help the pathologist to arrive at a correct diagnosis.

title: Primary XXXX : a study of 6 cases from the pathologist's point of view.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bladder malignancies', 'adenocarcinoma of the urinary bladder']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['mucinous carcinoma', 'non-urachal carcinoma', 'carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['clear cell adenocarcinoma of the urinary bladder']

entities_list: @entity2040 :: ('MESH:D012552', 'Disease') :: ['schistosomiasis']

entities_list: @entity811 :: ('MESH:D006417', 'Disease') :: ['Hematuria']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity703 :: ('MESH:D007680', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma of the pelvic kidney']

answer: @entity1494 :: (MESH:D001745,Disease) :: ['adenocarcinoma of the urinary bladder']


abstract: The estimated incidence of @entity360 ( @entity360 ) is 20/100,000 @entity1 per year. Of these cases, 70-80% are minor or stop spontaneously and do not present as emergency hospital admissions. Colonoscopy and angiography detect 80-90% of major @entity360 , and subsequent endoscopic intervention or embolisation can control approximately 70%. Emergency surgical intervention is required in haemodynamically unstable @entity1 with persistent @entity548 . The surgical treatment of choice is directed to resecting the @entity548 bowel segment. Subtotal colectomy is performed in @entity1 with @entity694 that can not exactly be localized. Segmental colon resection is often associated with rebleeding and not recommended in this situation. Primary @entity254 can usually be performed; elderly @entity1 in reduced condition, however, are candidates for stoma. In case of persistent or recurrent @entity548 and differentiation between intestinal and @entity694 fails, loop ileostomy may be performed. If the @entity548 appears to originate from somewhere in the small bowel, an additional loop jejunostomy may be performed for specification. The mortality from acute LIGB is approximately 5% but increases with emergency surgery. Risk factors are age, comorbidity, and shock on admission.

title: [A surgical approach to acute intestinal XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colonic bleeding']

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['LGIB', 'lower gastrointestinal bleeding']

answer: @entity548 :: (MESH:D006470,Disease) :: ['bleeding']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity64 centers (CSCs) provide a full spectrum of @entity16 to treat complex @entity64 @entity1 . CSCs have been shown to improve clinical outcomes and mitigate disparities in @entity385 @entity1 . It is believed that CSCs also improve outcomes in @entity64 . METHODS AND RESULTS: We used the @entity583 Data Acquisition System (MIDAS) database, which includes data on @entity1 discharged with a primary diagnosis of @entity1779 (ICH; International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision [ICD-9] 431) and @entity510 ( @entity510 ; ICD-9 430) from all nonfederal acute care hospitals in New Jersey (NJ) between 1996 and 2012. Out-of-hospital deaths were assessed by matching MIDAS records with NJ death registration files. The primary outcome variable was 90-day all-cause mortality. The primary independent variable was CSC versus primary @entity64 center (PSC) and nonstroke center (NSC) admission. Multivariate logistic models were used to measure the effects of available covariates. Overall, 36 981 @entity1 were admitted with a primary diagnosis of ICH or @entity510 during the study period, of which 40% were admitted to a CSC. @entity1 admitted to CSCs were more likely to have neurosurgical or endovascular interventions than those admitted to a PSC/NSC (18.9% vs. 4.7%; P<0.0001). CSC admission was associated with lower adjusted 90-day mortality (35.0% vs. 40.3%; odds ratio, 0.93; 95% confidence interval, 0.89 to 0.97) for @entity64 . This was particularly true for those admitted with @entity510 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity64 @entity1 admitted to CSCs are more likely to receive neurosurgical and endovascular treatments and be alive at 90 days than @entity1 admitted to other hospitals.

title: XXXX Centers May Be Associated With Improved Survival in @entity64 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['Hemorrhagic stroke', 'stroke', 'Comprehensive stroke', 'hemorrhagic stroke']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['SAH', 'subarachnoid hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological and neurosurgical services']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['Myocardial Infarction']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['intracerebral hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['Comprehensive Stroke']


abstract: Cultured endothelial cells from @entity291 capillaries and pulmonary arteries were incubated with highly purified [125I] @entity8788 -like growth factor I ([125I] @entity4208 ), [125I] @entity12304 , or [125I] @entity8788 for periods up to 120 min, the cells were washed, and the cell-bound radioactivity was allowed to dissociate from the cells into fresh incubation medium. For @entity8788 , 85-95% of the 125I dissociated from cells in 15 min, with 75% dissociating by 5 min. The 125I material released into the medium during the first 5 min of dissociation was entirely intact @entity8788 , while the material released in the next 10 min was 80% intact @entity8788 . For the [125I]IGFs, several differences were observed. First, after 5 min of dissociation, only 30-45% of the cell-bound 125I was released into the medium. For @entity4208 , this rapidly dissociating material was entirely intact peptide, whereas for @entity12304 , up to 55% of the dissociated radioactivity was degraded peptide. Second, during the next 10 min of dissociation, an additional 20% of the 125I was released from the cells. For @entity4208 , this was 85% intact peptide; however, for @entity12304 , this dissociated fraction contained as little as 25% intact peptide. Third, for both IGFs, after 15 min of dissociation, 40-65% of the initial cell-associated 125I remained within the endothelial cells; after the 15-min dissociation period, 95% of the remaining internalized 125I was intact @entity4208 , whereas for @entity12304 , the internalized 125I was 90% intact @entity12304 after short periods of association (less than 15 min) and progressively decreased to 65% intact peptide after 60 min of association. We conclude that in addition to having separate surface receptors for @entity8788 , @entity4208 , and @entity12304 , endothelial cells also process each hormone by distinct pathways.

title: Processing of XXXX -like growth factors I and II by capillary and large vessel endothelial cells.

answer: @entity8788 :: (280829(Tax:9913),Gene) :: ['insulin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The removal of small @entity1586 by cold snare transection without electrocautery effectively eliminates @entity1127 , and anecdotal reports indicate a low risk of @entity548 and perforation. Concerns about using cold snaring have centered on the risk of immediate @entity548 and the difficulty in retrieving the polyp. The objective was to determine the retrieval rates of @entity1127 after cold snaring after two different methods of resection and retrieval. METHODS: Consecutive @entity1127 were identified by a single colonoscopist who chose the technique of polypectomy (hot snare, cold snare, or cold forceps). If cold snaring was chosen, an independent observer assigned the polyp to method A (cold resection of polyp without tenting and then suction of the transected polyp into a trap) or method B (ensnare the polyp, pull it into the colonoscope channel, and then transect it while suctioning). The size and the approximate location of all @entity1127 were recorded and all collected specimens were sent separately for histologic examination. Results Of 519 consecutively encountered @entity1127 , 400 were removed by cold snare: 197 were assigned to method A and 203 to method B. The mean size of @entity1127 that were cold snared was 3.5 mm. The mean time to remove and to retrieve @entity1127 with method A was 14.5 seconds (n = 58) and with method B was 18.1 seconds (n = 60) ( p = 0.03). There were no complications from cold snaring. The rate of successful retrieval with method A was 100% (197 of 197 @entity1127 ) and with method B was 98% (199 of 203 @entity1127 ) ( p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS: Cold snare removal of @entity1586 is associated with a high polyp retrieval rate. Each of two methods of polyp retrieval was effective. Snare transection without tenting of the polyp, followed by suctioning of the specimen off the polyp site, was more efficient, though the difference in efficiency was minimal. Difficulty or failure to retrieve @entity1127 should not be a concern with regard to cold snare polypectomy.

title: XXXX retrieval after cold snaring.

entities_list: @entity1586 :: ('MESH:D003111', 'Disease') :: ['colon polyps']

answer: @entity1586 :: (MESH:D003111,Disease) :: ['Colon polyp']


abstract: This randomized open-label study compared the incidence of metabolic side effects of @entity1770 , @entity1280 and @entity1089 in a population of medication-na  ve first-episode @entity716 @entity1 . A total of 202 subjects were enrolled. Body weight, body mass index, @entity1243 , fasting lipids and fasting glycaemic parameters were measured at baseline and at 3 months follow-up. A hundred and sixty-six @entity1 completed the follow-up and were included in the analyses. A high proportion of @entity1 experienced a significant weight increase (>7% of their baseline weight): 23% @entity1280 (n=12), 32% with @entity1089 (n=16) and 45% with @entity1770 (n=31). @entity1 treated with @entity1770 gained significantly more weight than the @entity1 in the @entity1280 group (1.2 kg [SD=4.1] versus 4.3 kg [SD=4.8], respectively). The increase in @entity1243 levels was greater in @entity1 treated with @entity1770 than in those treated with @entity1280 (p=0.030). Mean prolactin levels significantly increased in @entity1 treated with @entity1089 and @entity1280 but not in those treated with @entity1770 . @entity1 treated with @entity1089 and @entity1770 showed a significant increase in total @entity165 and LDL- @entity165 plasma levels. @entity1089 -treated @entity1 resulted in a higher increase in LDL- @entity165 than @entity1 treated with @entity1280 (p=0.021). No other significant differences between groups were found. No significant changes in glycaemic parameters were observed. Our results suggest that @entity1280 has a lower liability for inducing @entity1017 and @entity14822 than @entity1770 or @entity1089 .

title: Comparison of metabolic effects of XXXX , @entity1089 and @entity1280 after 12 weeks of treatment in first treated episode of @entity716 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity14822 :: ('MESH:C562935', 'Disease') :: ['lipid abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity1280 :: ('MESH:C092292', 'Chemical') :: ['ziprasidone']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['weight gain']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychosis']

entities_list: @entity1770 :: ('MESH:C094645', 'Chemical') :: ['aripiprazole']

entities_list: @entity1089 :: ('MESH:C069541', 'Chemical') :: ['quetiapine', 'Quetiapine']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity1770 :: (MESH:C094645,Chemical) :: ['aripiprazole']


abstract: INTRODUCTION/PURPOSE: Aging with a sedentary lifestyle is associated with increased risk for developing @entity65 ( @entity65 ), @entity170 , and @entity6288 . The purpose of this study was to determine whether former professional football athleticism would be associated with reduced risk factors for @entity65 and @entity170 , and higher muscle mass in later life. METHODS: Maximal aerobic capacity (VO2max), body composition, and lipid and glucose risk factors for @entity65 were compared between 16 older former professional football players and never-athletic @entity1 matched for age, body mass index, current physical activity, and race. Regional bone mineral density of the football players was compared with age-matched reference norms. RESULTS: Despite greater physical activity into middle age, the former football players had similar VO2max as the controls. Former football players had 26% lower total-body fat mass, 26% lower visceral adipose tissue area, and 13% higher muscle mass compared with the controls (P < 0.05). High-density lipoprotein @entity165 (HDL-C) levels were 37% higher (P < 0.001), @entity9477 -C levels were fourfold higher (P < 0.001), and @entity1674 were 31% lower (P < 0.05) in the former football players than the controls. The former football players also had 20% and 6% higher total-body bone mineral content and density than the controls (P < 0.05) and higher lumbar spine, femoral neck, and greater trochanter bone mineral density than similar age-referenced norms (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Elite athlete physical activity status in young adulthood, and remaining physically active in middle age, may confer body composition changes that are sustained in older adulthood. In this small sample of older @entity1 , former successful professional athletes who remained physically active in middle age have a favorable body composition and reduced risk factors for @entity65 and @entity170 compared with healthy age- and BMI-matched older @entity1 .

title: Older elite football players have reduced cardiac and XXXX risk factors.

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity6288 :: ('MESH:D055948', 'Disease') :: ['sarcopenia']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['CVD', 'cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity170 :: (MESH:D010024,Disease) :: ['osteoporosis']


abstract: PURPOSE: Surgery is the primary treatment for @entity2347 arising from major and minor salivary glands of the @entity135 . However, local recurrence is frequent because of the infiltrative growth pattern and perineural spread associated with these @entity5 . At UTMDACC, we have had a longstanding policy of using postoperative radiotherapy to reduce the risk of local recurrence and to avoid the need for radical surgery; this 30-year retrospective study analyzes the results of this combined modality approach. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Between 1962 and 1991, 198 @entity1 ages 13-82 years, with @entity2347 of the @entity135 , received postoperative radiotherapy for known or suspected microscopic @entity66 following surgery. Distribution of primary sites was: parotid: 30 @entity1 ; submandibular/sublingual: 41 @entity1 ; lacrimal: 5 @entity1 ; and minor salivary glands: 122 @entity1 . Eighty-three @entity1 (42%) had microscopic positive margins and an additional 55 (28%) had close (< or = 5 mm) or uncertain margins. One hundred thirty-six @entity1 (69%) had perineural spread with invasion of a major (named) nerve in 55 @entity1 (28%). Using radiation techniques appropriate to the primary site, a median dose of 60 Gy (range 50-69 Gy) was delivered to the @entity5 bed. Follow-up ranged from 5-341 months (median, 93 months). All surviving @entity1 had a minimum of 2 years follow-up. RESULTS: Twenty-three @entity1 (12%) had local recurrences with 5-, 10-, and 15-year actuarial local control rates of 95%, 86%, and 79%, respectively. Fifteen of the 83 @entity1 (18%) with positive margins developed local recurrences, compared to 5 of 55 @entity1 (9%) with close or uncertain margins, and 3 of 60 @entity1 (5%) with negative margins (p = 0.02). @entity1 with and without a major (named) nerve involved had crude failure rates of 18% (10 out of 55) and 9% (13 out of 143), respectively (p = 0.02). There was a trend toward better local control with increasing dose. This was significant in @entity1 with positive margins, in whom crude control rates were 40 and 88% for doses of < 56 Gy and > or = 56 Gy, respectively (p = 0.006). Actuarial 5-, 10-, and 15-year freedom from relapse rates were 68%, 52%, and 45%, respectively. Base of skull and neck failures were uncommon with or without elective treatment, developing in 2 and 3% of @entity1 , respectively. Distant metastases were the most common type of disease recurrence, developing in 74 @entity1 (37%) of whom 62 (31%) were disease-free at the primary site. CONCLUSIONS: Excellent local control rates were obtained in this population using surgery and postoperative radiotherapy and we recommend this combined approach for most @entity1 with @entity2347 of the @entity135 . Perineural invasion was an adverse prognostic factor only when a major (named) nerve was involved. Microscopic positive margins was also an adverse prognostic factor, but even when present, local control was achieved in over 80% of our @entity1 . We recommend a dose of 60 Gy to the @entity5 bed, supplemented to 66 Gy for @entity1 with positive margins. Despite effective local therapy, one-third of @entity1 fail systemically, and good treatment to address this problem is lacking.

title: The influence of positive margins and nerve invasion in @entity2347 of the XXXX treated with surgery and radiation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['residual disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity2347 :: ('MESH:D003528', 'Disease') :: ['adenoid cystic carcinomas']

answer: @entity135 :: (MESH:D006258,Disease) :: ['head and neck']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 ( @entity5 ) are rare @entity5 and data on peritoneal @entity3 (PM) from these @entity5 are scarce. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to present population-based data on the incidence, risk factors, and survival of synchronous PM in @entity5 . METHODS: Data from all @entity1 diagnosed with a GEP-NET during 2007-2013 were collected from the Netherlands Cancer Registry. Age-standardized incidence rates were calculated and risk factors for developing PM were determined using multivariable logistic regression analysis. Survival was investigated using Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses. RESULTS: A total of 4114 @entity1 were diagnosed with a GEP-NET. PM were diagnosed in 234 @entity1 (19% of @entity1 with metastasized disease, representing 6% of all @entity5 ). The incidence of @entity1 diagnosed with PM was 1.6:1,000,000 @entity1 per year. Risk factors for developing PM were higher age (odds ratio [OR] 1.4, 95% CI 1.0-2.0) and @entity5 location in the small intestine (OR 3.5, 95% CI 2.1-5.7) or colon (OR 2.5, 95% CI 1.4-4.4). Small intestinal NETs with PM had the best survival, while appendiceal NETs with PM had the poorest survival (5-year survival rates of 67 and 7%, respectively). Multivariate analysis showed that survival in @entity1 with PM was worse compared with @entity1 without @entity3 ; however, the presence of PM among all metastasized @entity1 was not associated with worse survival. CONCLUSIONS: This nationwide population-based study provides relevant insight into the incidence and risk factors of PM in @entity5 , and reveals detailed site-specific data on the presence of PM and survival data that may contribute to develop individualized treatment strategies in @entity1 with these heterogeneous @entity5 .

title: Peritoneal @entity3 from XXXX : Incidence, Risk Factors and Prognosis.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors', 'GEP-NETs', 'primary tumor', 'neoplasms', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of @entity146 , fifth edition ( @entity4987 ), includes a new 'With Mixed Features' specifier for mood episodes. In (hypo-) @entity162 episodes, the specifier is given if three or more @entity308 are present nearly every day during the episode. A new module of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.) has been developed as a @entity1 -completed questionnaire to evaluate the @entity4987 specifier for (hypo-) @entity162 episodes. The objective of this study was to validate this new module. METHODS: In Phase I, @entity1 with a @entity162 in the past 6 months completed the module and were asked whether the wording was clear, understandable, relevant and specific. Based on their feedback, the module was refined and finalised. In Phase II, psychiatrists each invited five @entity1 to complete the module. The psychiatrists completed record forms for these five @entity1 , which included their diagnoses, made according to @entity4987 criteria during clinical interviewing. The module was validated by comparing @entity308 reported by the @entity1 themselves using the M.I.N.I. module with those evaluated by their psychiatrist using @entity4987 criteria during clinical interviewing. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: In Phase I, a few changes were made to the M.I.N.I. module based on feedback from 20 @entity1 (60% of whom had mixed features). In Phase II, 23 psychiatrists completed record forms for 115 @entity1 , 99 (86.1%) of whom completed the M.I.N.I. module. Agreement between psychiatrists' @entity4987 diagnoses and @entity1 ' M.I.N.I. responses was substantial (Cohen's kappa coefficient, 0.60). The overall sensitivity of the M.I.N.I. was 0.91 and its specificity was 0.70. Sensitivity ranged from 0.63 for @entity1155 to 0.90 for suicidal thoughts. Specificity ranged from 0.63 for diminished interest/pleasure to 0.90 for suicidal thoughts. The module's positive and negative predictive values were 0.72 and 0.90, respectively. In summary, the M.I.N.I. module demonstrated good concurrent validity with psychiatrists' evaluation of @entity4987 mixed features in @entity162 @entity1 , accurately detecting mixed features with limited risk of over-diagnosis. Due to its simplicity, the M.I.N.I. module could be incorporated into routine psychiatric evaluation of @entity1 with @entity162 episodes. It could also provide a valuable standardised tool for clinical and epidemiological research.

title: Evaluating XXXX in hypomanic and @entity162 episodes using a structured diagnostic tool: validation of a new Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.) module for the @entity4987 'With Mixed Features' specifier.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['manic', 'manic episode']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive symptoms']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['Mental Disorders']

entities_list: @entity1155 :: ('MESH:D011596', 'Disease') :: ['psychomotor retardation']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['depressive symptoms']


abstract: A 17-year-old @entity1 was admitted to our unit with @entity353 , dyspnoea, @entity4841 and @entity1244 . Her medical history was noteworthy for @entity565 and she required systemic steroid therapy. Her mother had a history of eosinophilic @entity2883 with @entity2883 (EGPA). Laboratory tests revealed excessive @entity1712 and elevated erythrocyte sedimentation. The assay for peripheral antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies was negative. Histopathological examination of lung biopsy revealed EGPA. The @entity1 was treated with methylpredinosolone; her eosinophil count normalised and she began to improve clinically and radiographically. There is no genetic factor to influence susceptibility to this disease. To the best of our knowledge, this is the second report of familial EGPA disease in the literature, with a mother and daughter both being affected. EGPA disease should be kept in mind in a @entity1 with uncontrolled @entity565 and @entity1712 with a positive family history for EGPA.

title: Familial eosinophilic @entity2883 with XXXX in a mother and daughter.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['girl', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1244 :: ('MESH:D012852', 'Disease') :: ['sinusitis']

entities_list: @entity1712 :: ('MESH:D004802', 'Disease') :: ['eosinophilia']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity565 :: ('MESH:D001249', 'Disease') :: ['asthma', 'bronchial asthma']

entities_list: @entity2883 :: ('MESH:D014890', 'Disease') :: ['polyangiitis', 'granulomatosis']

entities_list: @entity4841 :: ('MESH:D018771', 'Disease') :: ['arthralgia']

answer: @entity2883 :: (MESH:D014890,Disease) :: ['polyangiitis']


abstract: @entity174 of the lateral malleolus can occur without @entity397 of the deltoid ligament or @entity174 of the medial malleolus. Controversy exists regarding the necessity of surgery on supination-external rotation stage II @entity1171 . Theoretically, as long as the medial structures are intact, the talus cannot displace enough to cause @entity571 . The purpose of this study was to measure changes in contact area between the tibial plafond and the talar dome with serial displacement of the distal fibula in both a lateral and a superolateral direction. Twelve cadaver lower extremities were used. @entity174 were replicated by creating an osteotomy. Displacement was accomplished with a customized apparatus that displaced and held the distal fibula in a malaligned position. Tibiotalar contact area was measured with pressure sensitive film at the following intervals of fibular displacement: 0 mm, laterally 2 mm and 4 mm, and then posteriorly and superiorly 2 mm and 4 mm. A servohydraulic testing apparatus was used to apply the same physiologic load to all limbs while measuring contact area. Key independent variables included the direction and amount of displacement of the distal fibula. Mean tibiotalar contact area decreased from baseline (no displacement) 361.1 @entity202 (SD +/- 49.0) to 162.2 @entity202 (SD +/- 81.3) and 82.6 @entity202 (SD +/- 30.6) for 2 mm and 4 mm lateral displacement of the distal fibula respectively. With posterior/superior displacement of 2 mm and 4 mm mean tibiotalar contact decreased to 219.3 @entity202 (SD +/- 56.7) and 109.2 @entity202 (SD +/- 39.0), respectively. Statistical significance was found (P <.001) when comparing normal ankle alignment with displaced @entity174 at all levels of displacement.

title: Effects of isolated Weber B fibular XXXX on the tibiotalar contact area.

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['degenerative arthritis of the ankle joint']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'Distal fibular fractures', 'Fractures', 'fracture']

entities_list: @entity1171 :: ('MESH:D064386', 'Disease') :: ['ankle fractures']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['fractures']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the feasibility of stent-grafts for treatment of isolated @entity1029 ( @entity1029 ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nine @entity1029 in eight @entity1 were treated with transluminally placed endovascular stent-grafts. All @entity1 were @entity1 (median age, 72 years). In three, the @entity439 involved both the common and internal iliac arteries. In one, common and external iliac arteries were involved. The other @entity439 involved only the common iliac artery. Two @entity439 were treated with balloon-expandable stents covered with @entity736 ( @entity736 ) graft material, three were treated with self-expanding Z-stents covered with a woven polyester graft, and four were treated with self-expanding Z-stents covered with PTFE. RESULTS: Transluminal placement of the stents was successful in all @entity1 with @entity715 of the @entity439 . There were no distal @entity1031 , @entity204 , or @entity281 . The median follow-up period was 8.5 months. CONCLUSION: Initial results suggest that transluminal stent-graft placement for treating isolated @entity1029 is a safe and effective alternative to surgery in selected @entity1 . Long-term follow-up data are needed before this approach can be recommended for the primary treatment of @entity1029 .

title: Percutaneous endoluminal placement of stent-grafts for the treatment of isolated XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms', 'aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['thromboembolic events']

entities_list: @entity736 :: ('CHEBI:53251', 'Chemical') :: ['PTFE', 'polytetrafluoroethylene']

entities_list: @entity1029 :: ('MESH:D017543', 'Disease') :: ['IAAs', 'iliac artery aneurysms']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

answer: @entity1029 :: (MESH:D017543,Disease) :: ['iliac artery aneurysms']


abstract: AIMS: To examine stool specimens from @entity1 with @entity294 from Paran   State, southern Brazil, for presence of STEC. METHODS AND RESULTS: A PCR screening assay for @entity6373 genes was used to examine a loopful of confluent colonies of 306 stool samples cultures. In six (1.96%) of them, DNA fragments of the expected size were observed, and the presence of @entity6373 was confirmed by DNA sequencing. Then up to 100 single colonies from each of the six stool cultures were analyzed using the same PCR protocol. However, @entity6373 -positive colonies were found only in two of the cultures. The @entity526 strains belonged to serotypes O69:H11 and O178:H19, and presented genotypes @entity6373 (1)eae ehxA and @entity6373 (1) respectively. Shiga toxin production was confirmed using the VTEC Screen Seiken. Except @entity869 , they were susceptible to all the antimicrobials tested. CONCLUSIONS: These results show that STEC may be an important cause of @entity294 in @entity1 of Paran   State, and that they are present in low numbers in stools. The strains belonged to serotypes not commonly found associated with STEC and probably present low virulence. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF STUDY: These results indicate that molecular methods are required to diagnosis of @entity281 .

title: A prospective study on Shiga toxin-producing @entity526 in XXXX with @entity294 in Paran   State, Brazil.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['STEC infections']

entities_list: @entity869 :: ('MESH:D000667', 'Chemical') :: ['ampicillin']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: The @entity2 has been widely used for many important studies. However, the subcutaneous transplant or orthotopic cell-suspension injection models have not allowed the expression of its full metastatic potential. A powerful new highly metastatic model of the widely-used @entity2 is reported here using surgical orthotopic implantation (SOI) of @entity5 fragments and enhanced green fluorescent protein (GFP) transduction of the @entity5 cells. To achieve this goal, we first developed in vitro a stable high-expression GFP transductant of the @entity2 with the pLEIN retroviral expression vector containing the enhanced Aequorea victoria GFP gene. Stable high-level expression of GFP was found maintained in vivo in subcutaneously-growing Lewis @entity2 . The in vivo GFP-expressing @entity5 were harvested and implanted as tissue fragments by SOI in the right lung of additional @entity19 . This model resulted in rapid orthotopic growth and extensive @entity3 visualized by GFP-expression. 100% of the animals had @entity3 on the ipsilateral diaphragmatic surface, contralateral diaphragmatic surface, contralateral lung parenchima, and in mediastinal lymph nodes. Heart @entity3 were visualized in 40%, and brain @entity3 were visualized in 30% of the SOI animals. @entity19 developed signs of respiratory distress between 10-15 days post- @entity5 implantation and were sacrificed. The use of GFP-transduced @entity2 transplanted by SOI reveals for the first time the high malignancy of this @entity5 and provides an important useful model for @entity3 , angiogenesis and therapeutic studies.

title: A highly metastatic XXXX orthotopic green fluorescent protein model.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung tumors', 'Lewis lung carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'metastases']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['Lewis lung carcinoma']


abstract: HYPOTHESIS: A decrease in the intraoperative @entity461 ( @entity461 ) level predicts long-term operative success. DESIGN: A case series of consecutive @entity1 undergoing parathyroidectomy with intraoperative @entity461 measurement. SETTING: A university hospital. @entity1 AND INTERVENTION: One hundred two @entity1 with sporadic @entity459 underwent parathyroidectomy according to the principles of unilateral exploration with intraoperative @entity461 measurement. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Longitudinal effects on levels of serum @entity460 and @entity461 . RESULTS: In 94 of 98 @entity1 who underwent primary exploration because of a solitary @entity652 , intraoperative @entity461 decreased at least 60% 15 minutes after gland excision. The 4 cases in which @entity461 fell to less than 60% were classified as false negatives. @entity1 examined for @entity66 (n = 4) were correctly predicted not to have an @entity652 . Twenty-two @entity1 (22%) were unavailable for 5-year follow-up. These @entity1 were followed up for 2 months to 48 months (median, 24 months), and none developed recurrent @entity459 . Of the remaining 80 @entity1 (78%), all but 1 @entity1 had normal or slightly decreased serum @entity460 levels (mean +/- SD, 9.24 +/- 0.4 mg/dL [2.31 +/- 0.10 mmol/L]) at 5-year follow-up. One @entity1 with @entity2741 (10.6 mg/dL [2.65 mmol/L]) was interpreted to have developed @entity177 with @entity3528 . Thirty-four @entity1 had elevated serum @entity461 levels at least once during the postoperative study period, with normal or slightly decreased @entity460 concentrations. The prediction of late postoperative normocalcemia by means of intraoperative @entity461 measurement had an overall accuracy of 95%. CONCLUSIONS: The measurement of intraoperative @entity461 during surgery for @entity459 accurately differentiates between single- and multiple-gland disease and ensures good long-term results.

title: Measurement of intraoperative XXXX predicts long-term operative success.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity459 :: ('MESH:D049950', 'Disease') :: ['primary hyperparathyroidism']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['multiglandular disease']

entities_list: @entity2741 :: ('MESH:D006934', 'Disease') :: ['hypercalcemia']

entities_list: @entity3528 :: ('MESH:D006962', 'Disease') :: ['secondary hyperparathyroidism']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity461 :: ('5741', 'Gene') :: ['PTH', 'parathyroid hormone']

answer: @entity461 :: (5741,Gene) :: ['parathyroid hormone']


abstract: We administered intracavernous injections of 20 micrograms. @entity5015 to 135 @entity1 with @entity323 , and evaluated the effects and side effects. Among 135 @entity1 who underwent intracavernous injection of @entity5015 complete erection was observed in 83 (62 per cent), while incomplete erection was noted in 33 (24 per cent). In both groups the erection was sufficient for sexual intercourse. Tumescence without @entity2003 was noted in 12 @entity1 and no response was obtained in 7. Poor response was seen frequently in @entity1 with @entity66 to the cavernous body of the penis. @entity3327 after the injection was not observed. Moreover, we never observed any other severe side effects. Intracavernous injection of @entity5015 could be applicable to the therapy of @entity323 , especially that due to neurogenic disturbance. Since @entity5015 acts quickly and loses its validity rapidly it is considered to be a more suitable agent than other vasoactive drugs.

title: Intracavernous injection of @entity5015 for the treatment of erectile XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity323 :: ('MESH:D007172', 'Disease') :: ['impotence']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['disorders of the vascular system and/or damage']

entities_list: @entity5015 :: ('MESH:D000527', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandin E1']

answer: @entity323 :: (MESH:D007172,Disease) :: ['impotence']


abstract: @entity1204 is one of the most common gynecologic @entity5 and many factors influence in its growth and development. As in many other types of @entity5 , @entity1421 ( @entity1421 ) is thought to be an accelerator of cell proliferation and @entity1204 . In this study, we examined the effect of FuEP2/Ex2, a soluble decoy receptor for @entity1421 on growth of @entity1204 cells. A stable transfectant expressing FuEP2/Ex2 was established from @entity1 @entity1204 Ishikawa cells (Ish-FuEP2/Ex2). Ish-FuEP2/Ex2 cells expressed FuEP2/Ex2 mRNA and protein. Expression levels of @entity17782 ( @entity17782 ), @entity17783 , @entity58889 , @entity13947 , and F-prostanoid receptor (FP) were almost the same in Ish-FuEP2/Ex2 and vector control cells. Growth rates of Ish-FuEP2/Ex2 under normal culture conditions were also similar to vector control cells, although @entity1421 -induced growth stimulation was completely inhibited in Ish-FuEP2/Ex2 or by Ish-FuEP2/Ex2 culture medium. Moreover, phosphorylation of @entity13436 ( @entity13436 ) and induction of @entity1996 ( @entity1996 ), @entity1611 ( @entity1611 ), @entity1896 , and @entity9830 mRNA by @entity1421 were not observed in Ish-FuEP2/Ex2 and Ish-FuEP2/Ex2 culture medium-treated vector control cells, although they were found when treated with @entity22667 . An orthotopic xenograft model in athymic @entity19 revealed that Ish-FuEP2/Ex2-injected @entity19 had significantly decreased mean @entity5 area. The proportion of Ki-67-positive cells in the @entity5 lesion was also significantly lower in Ish-FuEP2/Ex2-injected @entity19 . These findings suggest that an EP-targeting strategy using FuEP2/Ex2 may be of use in the treatment of @entity1204 .

title: The soluble XXXX receptor FuEP2/Ex2 suppresses @entity1204 in an orthotopic xenograft model in @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity1204 :: ('MESH:D016889', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial cancer', 'Endometrial cancer', 'endometrial cancer progression']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancies', 'tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity1421 :: ('MESH:D015232', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandin E(2)', 'PGE(2)']

entities_list: @entity22667 :: ('CHEBI:15553', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandin F(2a)']

entities_list: @entity13436 :: ('26413(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['ERK', 'extracellular signal-regulated kinase']

entities_list: @entity1611 :: ('22339(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['VEGF', 'vascular endothelial growth factor']

answer: @entity17783 :: (19217(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['EP2']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: Urgent video capsule endoscopy (VCE) and urgent double-balloon endoscopy (DBE) provide high diagnostic yields in overt obscure @entity360 (OGIB). However, no studies have specifically compared VCE and DBE in massive OGIB. The aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic yield and clinical outcomes of the two approaches. METHODOLOGY: Between October 2010 and March 2013, there were 1,672 consecutive @entity1 with @entity360 and 30 massive OGIB were identified. After non-diagnostic EGD and colonoscopy, VCE and DBE were performed in tandem within 72hr after hospitalization. RESULTS: Of these, 30 @entity1 were identified as massive OGIB. DBE identified more @entity548 lesions than VCE (26(87%) vs. 18(60%), p<0.05). Only DBE was positive in 8 @entity1 (27%). No @entity1 had positive VCE and negative DBE. VCE demonstrated only fresh blood without identifiable lesions in 8 (27%) @entity1 , and all had @entity548 lesions identified subsequently by DBE. The number of @entity1 with therapeutic intervention guided by DBE was higher than those with VCE-guided intervention (17(57%) vs. 11(37%); p<0.05). Four @entity1 (13%) had a negative study by both tests, and no further @entity548 was reported. CONCLUSIONS: In massive OGIB, urgent DBE had a higher diagnostic yield than VCE. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01654770)

title: Comparison of urgent video capsule endoscopy and urgent double-balloon endoscopy in massive obscure XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal bleeding']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

answer: @entity360 :: (MESH:D006471,Disease) :: ['gastrointestinal bleeding']


abstract: 1. @entity3371 was evaluated as an adjuvant to diuretic and digoxin therapy in @entity712 in old age, using walking ability, minute ventilation and @entity26 consumption and plasma @entity8224 ( @entity8224 ) concentration as measures of outcome. 2. Twenty @entity1 , mean (s.d.) age 81 (6) years, entered a double-blind, randomised, crossover study of three treatments, a twice daily regimen of @entity3371 (AA), at a dosage established by titration against serum @entity1289 ( @entity1289 ) activity, the same dosage in the morning with placebo at night (AP), and twice daily placebo (PP). Each treatment lasted 3 weeks. A 2 week run-in period on triple therapy, with AA @entity3371 , was used to assess stability and compliance. Seventeen completed all treatments: three completed two. 3. Any benefit of @entity3371 was modest and there was deterioration in gait on the titrated dosage 3 months afterwards (P = 0.04). Efficacy in the old may be greatest when the titrated dose (25 or 50 mg) is given once daily: the multiple daily doses recommended may be unnecessarily demanding. 4. Walking performance was measured by gait analysis (GA) at free walking speed and by a simple walking test (SWT), in which @entity1 stopped at the first relevant symptom. There was a consistent tendency for four measures of performance (GA: speed, stride length and double support time; SWT distance) to be best on the AP treatment, next best on AA, and worst on PP but for the fifth, SWT speed, AP and AA were similar. The trend appeared most marked for SWT distance, mean (s.e. mean) values for AP, AA and PP being 123 (15), 94 (16) and 75 (16) m, respectively. However, the treatment effect did not reach statistical significance at the 0.05 level. 5. There was no significant difference between treatments in minute ventilation, minute @entity26 consumption, or their ratio, either at rest or on exercise. 6. Resting @entity8224 concentrations were nearly four times higher (P = 0.0001) in the @entity1 than those, mean (s.e. mean) 66 (5) pmol l-1, in eleven healthy volunteers of mean age 80 (6) years, and the increase on exercise, seen in the controls (P less than 0.01), was absent. In the @entity1 the resting plasma @entity8224 concentration was significantly affected by treatment (P = 0.03), being less on both AP, 245 (9), and AA, 214 (9) than on PP, 264 (10) pmol l-1 (P = 0.02 and 0.03, respectively). 7. Baseline serum @entity1289 activity was induced on active treatment. The change in @entity1289 activity at 3 h post an active dose was significantly greater on AP than AA (P = 0.005). The increased sensitivity to inhibition during once daily administration was reflected in mean arterial pressure. The pre-dose standing pressure was less on AP than on PP (P less than 0.05), and the change in postural fall (pre-dose minus 2 h post), was greater (P = 0.004), but AA and PP were similar in these respects.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: Effect of @entity3371 on functional, physiological and biochemical outcome criteria in aged XXXX @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity1289 :: ('1636', 'Gene') :: ['angiotensin converting enzyme', 'ACE']

entities_list: @entity8224 :: ('4878', 'Gene') :: ['ANF', 'atrial natriuretic factor']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity3371 :: ('CHEBI:3380', 'Chemical') :: ['Captopril', 'captopril']

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['heart failure']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: In a preliminary study, the presence of @entity972 and @entity1760 in a modified synthetic medium (PAS-III) was found to have a significant influence on platelet metabolism (using apheresis-derived, as well as buffy-coat-derived platelets) when compared with standard PAS-III. The differences included reduced glycolysis, as evidenced by lower consumption of @entity413 and lower production of @entity880 , but also better preservation of pH and @entity2421 response reactivity. The results suggested that storage in modified PAS-III containing 20% plasma was comparable to storage in standard PAS-III containing 30% plasma. To confirm the preliminary results and to evaluate the effects of different preparation protocols, an international multicentre study, which included 11 different sites, was conducted. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Platelets from 30 pools of approximately 20 buffy coat (BC) units each and 24 pooled apheresis platelet units were aliquoted for storage in plasma (reference) or synthetic medium using either a specific additive solution (PAS-III) containing 30% plasma or a modification of PAS-III containing 5.0 mm @entity972 and 1.5 mm @entity1760 (PAS-IIIM) and either 30% or 20% plasma. Units were stored at room temperature with @entity2146 for 7 days during which in vitro testing was carried out for biochemical, haematological and functional parameters. RESULTS: Storage of platelets in PAS-IIIM resulted in a reduction in the rate of glycolysis and better retention of pH and @entity2421 response reactivity. Storage in PAS-IIIM containing 20% plasma appeared to result in the retention of in vitro properties, similar to those observed during storage in standard PAS-III containing 30% plasma. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study confirm the preliminary results. Similar results were seen with platelets prepared by BC and apheresis methods, despite differences in equipment, the preparation technique and in the final platelet contents achieved in the platelet units. Storage of platelets in PAS-IIIM should be considered to improve platelet function and allow plasma reduction to 20%.

title: Storage of platelets in additive solutions: a multicentre study of the in vitro effects of @entity972 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2421 :: ('MESH:D009123', 'Disease') :: ['hypotonic shock']

entities_list: @entity2146 :: ('MESH:D011595', 'Disease') :: ['agitation']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity1760 :: ('MESH:D008274', 'Chemical') :: ['magnesium']

answer: @entity1760 :: (MESH:D008274,Chemical) :: ['magnesium']


abstract: BACKGROUND: There is no evidence on the incidence of subclinical @entity32 and scaring lesions in @entity1 receiving @entity1140 ( @entity5467 ) minimization and elimination immunosuppressive regimens. METHODS: This study analyzed preimplantation, 3 and 24 months protocol biopsies and anti-HLA donor-specific antibodies (DSA) in 140 low immunological risk kidney transplant recipients receiving reduced @entity5467 exposure, @entity229 , and @entity6051 , randomized at 3 months to be converted or not to @entity3446 ( @entity7217 ). RESULTS: Mean @entity5467 concentrations were 6.0    2.4 ng/mL and 5.8    2.2 ng/mL at 3 and 24 months. The incidence of subclinical @entity32 lesions at 3 months was 9.3%. The incidence of ( @entity82 ) IF/(tubular atrophy) TA at month 24 was 57.6%, higher in @entity7217 compared to @entity5467 group (68.8 vs 44.4%; P = 0.022). @entity1 converted to @entity7217 showed higher incidence of acute rejection (7.3% vs 0%), @entity644 (59.6% vs 25%; P = 0.001), and DSA (17.8% vs 7.3%; P = 0.201), respectively. Biopsy-proven acute rejection (odds ratio [OR] 2.32, 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.979-5.518, P = 0.056), subclinical @entity32 lesions at 3 months (OR, 11.75; 95% CI, 1.286-107.474; P = 0.029) and conversion to @entity7217 (OR, 2.72; 95% CI, 1.155-6.383; P = 0.022) were associated with IF/TA at month 24. Black ethnicity (OR, 0.22; 95% CI, 0.058-0.873; P = 0.031), donor age (OR, 2.74; 95% CI, 1.329-5.649; P = 0.006), and conversion to @entity7217 (OR, 2.34; 95% CI, 1.043-5.267; P = 0.039) were associated with @entity177 at 24 months. CONCLUSIONS: In kidney transplant recipients receiving reduced @entity5467 exposure, subclinical @entity32 lesions at 3 months were associated with IF/TA at 24 months. Conversion from @entity5467 to @entity7217 was associated with @entity177 , higher incidence of IF/TA, and trends to higher incidence of DSA at 24 months.

title: Subclinical Lesions and Donor-Specific Antibodies in Kidney Transplant Recipients Receiving XXXX -Based Immunosuppressive Regimen Followed by Early Conversion to @entity3446 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['interstitial fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity3446 :: ('MESH:D020123', 'Chemical') :: ['sirolimus']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['inferior renal function']

entities_list: @entity1140 :: ('MESH:D016559', 'Chemical') :: ['tacrolimus']

entities_list: @entity6051 :: ('CHEBI:168396', 'Chemical') :: ['mycophenolate']

answer: @entity1140 :: (MESH:D016559,Chemical) :: ['Tacrolimus']


abstract: @entity645 rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) are now used widely in non-laboratory settings by non-laboratory-trained operators. Quality assurance programmes are essential in ensuring the quality of @entity645 @entity138 outcomes. However, there is no cost-effective means of supplying the many operators of RDTs with suitable quality assurance schemes. Therefore, it was examined whether photograph-based @entity138 results could be used and correctly interpreted in the non-laboratory setting. Further it was investigated if a single training session improved the interpretation skills of @entity138 operators. The photographs were interpreted, a 10-minute tutorial given and then a second interpretation session was held. It was established that the results could be read with accuracy. The @entity1 (n=75) with a range of skills interpreted results (>80% concordance with reference results) from a panel of 10 samples (three negative and seven positive) using four RDTs. Differences in accuracy of interpretation before and after the tutorial were marked in some cases. Training was more effective for improving the accurate interpretation of more complex results, e.g. results with faint test lines or for multiple test lines, and especially for improving interpretation skills of inexperienced @entity1 . It was demonstrated that interpretation of RDTs was improved using photographed results allied to a 10-minute training session. It is anticipated that this method could be used for training but also for quality assessment of @entity138 operators without access to conventional quality assurance or training schemes requiring wet samples.

title: Photographed rapid XXXX test results pilot novel quality assessment and training schemes.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

answer: @entity645 :: (57667,Species) :: ['HIV']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Background Pharmacies represent a valuable opportunity to deliver weight management services, rather than just the routine supply of weight-loss products. In order to provide optimal services and translation of evidence-based weight management in community pharmacy, a best practice model program was designed and pilot tested to facilitate implementation of such services in pharmacies in Australia. Objective To develop and pilot a pharmacist-delivered, evidence-based, non-product-centred weight management service for community pharmacy in Australia. Setting Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Method A pharmacy-based weight management service called the @entity1129 ( @entity1129 ), for overweight and @entity28 individuals, was developed based on current Australian weight management guidelines and recommendations made by key stakeholders. The pharmacist undertook training to acquire specific competencies to deliver the program. The @entity1129 involved six individual face-to-face sessions with the pharmacist over 3  months. The intervention targeted three areas: diet, physical activity and behavioural change. Main outcome measures Weight, BMI, waist circumference, blood pressure, dietary intake, and physical activity levels at 3  months were compared with values at baseline. Qualitative feedback on @entity1 ' satisfaction and willingness to pay were also analysed. Results Eight pharmacies provided the @entity1129 between February and December 2013. Thirty-four @entity1 were enrolled in the @entity1129 ; mean age 50.7  years ( @entity168 15.7) and mean BMI 34.3  kg/m(2) ( @entity168 5.3). Of the 22 (65  %) @entity1 who completed the program, six had achieved the target @entity353 of >= 5  %. The mean change in weight was -3.5  kg (95  % CI -4.8, -2.2) and waist circumference -2.0  cm (95  % CI -2.8, -1.3) for program completers at 3  months. Furthermore, @entity1 reported overall positive experiences of the program, and identified accessibility of the pharmacy and high comfort level with the pharmacist, as the major advantages. Conclusion The @entity1129 was well received and @entity1 achieved targeted @entity353 . This study demonstrated that an evidence-based @entity1 -centred weight management program can be implemented in Australian pharmacies.

title: Developing and testing evidence-based weight management in Australian pharmacies: XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity1129 :: ('MESH:D001260', 'Disease') :: ['A Healthier Life Program', 'AHLP']

answer: @entity1129 :: (MESH:D001260,Disease) :: ['A Healthier Life Program']


abstract: Pathological diagnosis of @entity16 has traditionally depended on ultrastructural examinations of nerve biopsy specimens, particularly for @entity16 affecting @entity17 . These sensory nerves terminate in the epidermis of the skin, and the pathology of @entity16 usually begins from nerve terminals. We investigated the feasibility of diagnosing small-fiber @entity16 by evaluating cutaneous innervation. Skin biopsy specimens of 3-mm in diameter were obtained from the distal leg and the distal forearm of 55 healthy controls and 35 @entity1 with @entity16 . In the healthy controls, conventional intraepidermal nerve fiber densities (IENF densities) as measured using the image analysis system in the distal forearm and in the distal leg were correlated (r=0.55, P<0.0001), with significantly higher values in the distal forearm than in the distal leg (17.07+/-6.51 vs 12.92+/-5.33 fibers/mm, P<0.001). Compared to IENF densities of healthy controls, these values of @entity1109 @entity1 were significantly reduced in the distal forearm (5.82+/-6.50 fibers/mm, P<0.01) and in the distal leg (2.40+/-2.30, P<0.001). We further explored the possibility of quantifying skin innervation by counting "ocular intraepidermal nerve fiber density" (ocular nerve fiber density) with no aid of an image analysis system. This was based on the fact that the epidermal length on specifically defined sections was very close to the predicted epidermal length of 3 mm, the diameter of skin punches (P=0.14). Ocular nerve fiber densities were significantly correlated with IENF densities as measured by the image analysis system (r=0.99, P<0.0001). @entity129 of @entity1109 @entity1 either disappeared or became degenerated. These findings were consistent with the notion of early @entity528 in @entity16 , and will facilitate quantitative interpretation of epidermal innervation in @entity1 @entity16 .

title: Quantitative pathology of cutaneous nerve XXXX in the @entity1 skin.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity129 :: ('MESH:D003389', 'Disease') :: ['Dermal nerve fibers']

entities_list: @entity17 :: ('MESH:D003711', 'Disease') :: ['unmyelinated and small-myelinated nociceptive nerves']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['sensory neuropathies', 'sensory neuropathy', 'neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathic']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['terminal degeneration']

answer: @entity528 :: (MESH:D009410,Disease) :: ['terminal degeneration']