abstract: RATIONALE: In @entity1 on prior statin therapy who are hospitalized for @entity697 , current literature is unclear on whether statins should be continued during their hospitalization. OBJECTIVES: To test the hypothesis that continuation of therapy with statins influences the inflammatory response to @entity281 and that cessation may cause an inflammatory rebound. METHODS: Prospective randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial of @entity2993 (20 mg) or matched placebo in 150 @entity1 on preexisting statin therapy requiring hospitalization for @entity281 . MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The primary end point was progression of @entity295 during hospitalization. At baseline, the rate of severe @entity295 was 32% in both groups. Compared with baseline, the odds ratio for severe @entity295 declined in both groups: 0.43 placebo and 0.5 statins (Day 3) versus 0.14 placebo and 0.12 statins (Day 14). The rate of decline of severe @entity295 was similar between the groups (odds ratio 1.17 [0.56-2.47], P = 0.7 Day 3; 0.85 [0.21-3.34], P = 0.8 Day 14). @entity650 and @entity1851 declined in both groups with no statistically significant difference (P = 0.7 and P = 0.2, respectively). An increase in @entity165 occurred in the placebo group (P < 0.0001). Most @entity1 were not critically ill. Hospital mortality was 6.6%, with no difference between the groups (6 [8%] of 75 @entity1780 group; 4 [5.3%] of 75 placebo group; P = 0.75). CONCLUSIONS: This study does not support a beneficial role of continuing preexisting statin therapy on @entity295 and inflammatory parameters. Cessation of established statin therapy was not associated with an inflammatory rebound. Clinical trial registered at the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN 12605000756628).

title: Continuation of statin therapy in @entity1 with presumed XXXX : a randomized controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute infections']

entities_list: @entity2993 :: ('MESH:C065179', 'Chemical') :: ['atorvastatin']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

answer: @entity281 :: (MESH:D007239,Disease) :: ['infection']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is the preferred method of reperfusion in @entity1 with @entity583 ( @entity583 ). Abciximab is a well established adjunct to primary PCI. The proper timing of abciximab administration in @entity583 @entity1 has been investigated in randomised trials, registries and metanalysis, providing conflicting results. METHODS: Consecutive data on @entity583 @entity1 , transferred for primary PCI in hospital/ambulance @entity583 networks between November 2005 and January 2007, from 15 PCI centres in seven European countries was gathered together for a one-year long-term clinical observation (93% rate of completeness). RESULTS: Data from 1,650 @entity1 was collected in the EUROTRANSFER Registry. Abciximab was administered to 1,086 @entity1 (66%), 727 @entity1 received early (at least 30 minutes prior to @entity661 ) abciximab (EA), and another 359 @entity1 received late abciximab (LA). One year mortality was 5.8% in the EA group vs 10.3% with LA (p = 0.007). Adjustment for propensity score methods for EA administration did not change the results, still providing a favourable outcome for the EA group (p = 0.004). It was also revealed that only a minority of @entity1 (36%) were treated within the 90-minute recommended time window from first medical contact to PCI (and 60% for the 120-min time delay). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 transferred for primary PCI in @entity583 hospital networks showed lower rates of @entity204 in long-term one-year clinical follow-up when treatment with abciximab was started early.

title: Early abciximab use in ST-elevation XXXX treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention improves long-term outcome. Data from EUROTRANSFER Registry.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['STEMI', 'ST elevation myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity661 :: ('MESH:D054549', 'Disease') :: ['first balloon inflation']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarction']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1557 are a type of @entity5 that occur in young @entity1 below the age of 35 years old. The @entity5 are the second most common type of @entity5 after @entity3923 . The chance of @entity189 arising in a @entity1557 is extremely low. To date, <130 such cases have been reported. Previous studies have reported that @entity1557 can evolve into a number of different types of @entity5 . The present study is the first to describe a case of bilateral primary @entity0 with a @entity513 within a @entity1557 . The current study presents a case of a 48-year-old female who presented with 2 stiff lumps on bilateral breasts, diagnosed as @entity0 , with a @entity513 within a @entity1557 in the right breast. The @entity1 underwent a bilateral mastectomy and subsequently received 4 cycles of chemotherapy ( @entity1259 , 60 mg/m(2) and @entity786 , 600 mg/m(2)) every 21 days, followed by 4 cycles of @entity1205 chemotherapy (100 mg/m(2)) every 21 days. The @entity1 then received maintenance endocrine therapy ( @entity440 , 20 mg, twice daily) for 19 months. The @entity1 was followed up every 3 months, and at the last follow-up examination in May 2015, the @entity1 exhibited no signs of recurrence.

title: @entity0 with a @entity189 within a XXXX : A case report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['bilateral breast carcinoma', 'breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity440 :: ('MESH:D013629', 'Chemical') :: ['tamoxifen']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'benign tumor', 'malignancy', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1259 :: ('MESH:D015251', 'Chemical') :: ['epirubicin']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3923 :: ('MESH:D005348', 'Disease') :: ['fibrocystic disease']

entities_list: @entity513 :: ('MESH:D044584', 'Disease') :: ['unilateral invasive ductal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1557 :: ('MESH:D018226', 'Disease') :: ['Fibroadenomas', 'fibroadenomas', 'fibroadenoma']

entities_list: @entity1205 :: ('MESH:C067311', 'Chemical') :: ['docetaxel']

answer: @entity1557 :: (MESH:D018226,Disease) :: ['fibroadenoma']


abstract: @entity1491 ( @entity1491 ) is the most common @entity1489 that is made of transformed basal cells of the @entity1 epidermis, and spreads along the epidermis--dermis junction. It often forms @entity5 cell mass that protrudes towards the dermal connective tissue with many branches. Histopathological examination of the @entity5 demonstrates the cell mass of a rugged shape appearing as many regular spaced islands in a two-dimensional section. We study the process of cell proliferation and spatial pattern formation of the @entity1489 by a pair of partial differential equations of @entity5 cells and nutrients. The assumptions are: (1) proliferation rate of @entity5 cells depends on the availability of nutrients, which simply diffuse out of capillaries through connective tissue; (2) nutrients are consumed by active @entity5 cells; (3) cell diffusion coefficient expressing @entity5 cell movements increase with the cell density and the nutrient availability. Starting from the initial condition with a single layer of @entity5 cells. the model develops a smooth colony if n'0 is large, but a characteristic rugged spatial pattern of @entity5 cell mass if n'0 is small, in which n'0 is nutrient concentration multiplied by square root of growth efficiency divided by diffusion coefficient of nutrients. The proportion of the area occupied by @entity5 cells increases with n'0. The coefficient of variation in the width of "islands" of @entity5 cell mass is rather small (0.2 reverse similar0.6), implying the regularity of the spatial pattern. We also analyses the photographs of a two-dimensional section of @entity5 cell mass and compare the spatial patterns generated by the model.

title: On rugged shape of @entity1489 ( XXXX ).

entities_list: @entity1489 :: ('MESH:D012878', 'Disease') :: ['skin tumor', 'cancer of the skin']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity1491 :: ('MESH:D002280', 'Disease') :: ['BCC', 'Basal cell carcinoma']

answer: @entity1491 :: (MESH:D002280,Disease) :: ['basal cell carcinoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To test the hypotheses that older @entity1 with @entity14 ( @entity14 ) and rural @entity1 are less likely to undergo surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study. METHODS: A total of 6561 @entity1 with @entity14 between January 1998 and December 2003 were identified by incident International Classification of Diseases for Oncology codes from the Nebraska Cancer Registry. In multivariate logistic regression analyses, we studied the association of age and residence county (rural vs urban and micropolitan) with each of 3 @entity14 treatments by anatomic site. RESULTS: After adjusting for @entity1 demographics, insurance payer, ratio of providers to population, and @entity5 stage, @entity1 with @entity694 living in micropolitan counties were more likely to receive chemotherapy than those living in rural counties (P <.001). Compared with @entity1 aged 19 to 64 years, @entity1 with @entity694 85 years and older (P <.001) and @entity1 with @entity5 75 years and older (P <.05) were less likely to undergo surgery. @entity1 with @entity14 75 years and older were less likely to receive radiation, and @entity1 with @entity694 65 years and older and @entity1 with @entity5 75 years and older were less likely to receive chemotherapy (P <.001 for both). CONCLUSIONS: In Nebraska, older @entity1 with @entity14 were less likely to undergo surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. @entity1 with @entity694 in rural counties were less likely to undergo chemotherapy than those in micropolitan counties. Decision makers need to consider issues of age and rural residence in @entity1 access to @entity14 treatments.

title: Age and rural residence effects on accessing XXXX treatments: a registry study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'rectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['CRC', 'colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of a daily regimen of @entity12594 20 mg in @entity1 with an @entity2182 ( @entity2182 ), focused on improving urgency, as the clinical efficacy of treatment for @entity2182 should be measured in terms of urgency, the cornerstone symptom of @entity2182 . @entity1 AND METHODS: Eligible @entity1 aged > or = 18 years with symptoms of @entity2182 were enrolled in this multicentre, prospective, parallel, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Of 264 @entity1 (mean age 52.2 years), 221 who had efficacy data available from baseline and at least one on-treatment visit with >75% compliance with medication were analysed (142 in the @entity12594 group and 79 in the placebo group). All @entity1 were randomized to receive a placebo or 20 mg @entity12594 once daily in a 12-week study. They completed a 3-day voiding diary before visits during the study period, including the severity of urgency associated with every voiding, using the Indevus Urgency Severity Scale and the Urgency Perception Score. The @entity1 ' overall self-evaluation of treatment benefits at the end of the study, and safety data, were also collected. RESULTS: The daily urgency episodes reduced significantly from baseline to 12 weeks on @entity12594 treatment, compared with placebo (-46.0% vs -31.3%, P = 0.005). Secondary endpoints, including sum of urgency severity per 24 h, urgency severity per void, and daytime voiding frequency, were also improved significantly in the @entity12594 group. Overall, of those @entity1 treated with @entity12594 , 38.7% rated their treatment as providing 'much benefit', compared with 15.2% of the placebo group (P = 0.025). Adverse events reported by 32 (22.5%) and 10 (12.7%) @entity1 in the @entity12594 and placebo group were all tolerable. However, this is a short-term study using only one fixed regimen. CONCLUSIONS: @entity12594 20 mg once-daily could be an effective treatment for @entity1 with @entity2182 , by improving urgency.

title: Urinary urgency outcomes after @entity12594 treatment for an XXXX : the ' @entity12594 study on @entity2182 including urgency data'.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity12594 :: ('MESH:C015586', 'Chemical') :: ['Propiverine', 'propiverine']

entities_list: @entity2182 :: ('MESH:D053201', 'Disease') :: ['overactive bladder', 'OAB']

answer: @entity2182 :: (MESH:D053201,Disease) :: ['overactive bladder']


abstract: 1. Changes in behavioral dopaminergic and serotonergic sensitivities were studied in @entity35 after withdrawal of the chronic treatments with @entity18562 (0.1 mg/kg/day), a potential atypical neuroleptic, and with @entity1767 (0.3 mg/kg/day) using continuous infusion pumps. 2. Administration of @entity18562 inhibited the @entity35 locomotor activities to an extent similar to that of @entity1767 during the course of the 2 weeks treatment. 3. The incidence of the @entity3826 -induced stereotyped behaviors (e.g., sniffing, chewing, licking and biting) was negligibly affected by @entity18562 treatment, but was markedly enhanced by @entity1767 treatment. 4. The incidence of the @entity2476 -induced wet @entity235 shakes and @entity10097 -induced flat body posture was unaffected by either treatment with @entity18562 or @entity1767 . 5. These findings suggest that @entity18562 is weaker than @entity1767 in inducing the behavioral dopaminergic @entity56 after its chronic treatment and has a lower propensity to cause @entity910 .

title: Effects of chronic treatments with XXXX , a potential atypical neuroleptic, on behavioral dopaminergic and serotonergic sensitivities in @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity10097 :: ('MESH:D017371', 'Chemical') :: ['8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propyl-amino)tetralin']

entities_list: @entity910 :: ('MESH:D004409', 'Disease') :: ['tardive dyskinesia']

entities_list: @entity2476 :: ('CHEBI:28171', 'Chemical') :: ['5-hydroxytryptophan']

entities_list: @entity3826 :: ('MESH:D001058', 'Chemical') :: ['apomorphine']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['hypersensitivity']

entities_list: @entity1767 :: ('MESH:D006220', 'Chemical') :: ['haloperidol']

answer: @entity18562 :: (MESH:C065533,Chemical) :: ['SM-9018']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the injection burden, @entity1020 ( @entity1020 ), and change in best-corrected visual acuity after injecting 1.25 mg or 2.5 mg bevacizumab as needed in @entity1 with primary @entity1103 secondary to central @entity2994 . METHODS: This is an interventional, retrospective, comparative multicenter study of 86 eyes with @entity1103 secondary to central @entity2994 that were treated primarily with intravitreal bevacizumab (44 eyes, 1.25 mg; 42 eyes, 2.5 mg). The main outcome measures were the @entity1020 and the change of best-corrected visual acuity at 24 months. RESULTS: All @entity1 completed at least 24 months of follow-up. The mean number of injections per eye were 7.2 for the 1.25-mg dose group and 8.1 for the 2.5-mg dose group (P = 0.4492). At 24 months, in the 1.25-mg dose group, the logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution best-corrected visual acuity improved from baseline 0.35 +/- 0.57 units (P < 0.0001) versus 0.27 +/- 0.68 units for the 2.5-mg dose group (P < 0.0001). These differences were not statistically significant between both dose groups. In the 1.25-mg dose group, 25 (56.8%) eyes gained >or=3 lines of Early Treatment of @entity6 Study visual acuity and 6 (13.6%) lost >or=3 lines of Early Treatment of @entity6 Study visual acuity. In the 2.5-mg dose group, 24 (57.1 %) eyes improved >or=3 lines of Early Treatment of @entity6 Study visual acuity and 7 (16.7%) lost >or=3 lines of Early Treatment of @entity6 Study visual acuity. The @entity1020 in the 1.25-mg dose group improved from 635 +/- 324 microm to 264 +/- 160 microm (P < 0.0001) versus 528 +/- microm to 293 +/- 137 microm in the 2.5-mg dose group (P < 0.0001). There was no statistically significant difference between both dose groups with regard to the @entity1020 reduction. CONCLUSION: Intravitreal bevacizumab at doses up to 2.5 mg seems to be effective in improving visual acuity and reducing @entity1020 in @entity1103 secondary to central @entity2994 . There were no statistically significant differences between the two dose groups with regard to the number of injections, @entity1020 , and change in visual acuity.

title: Comparison of two doses of intravitreal bevacizumab as primary treatment for XXXX secondary to central @entity2994 : results of the pan American collaborative retina study group at 24 months.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetic Retinopathy']

entities_list: @entity2994 :: ('MESH:D012170', 'Disease') :: ['retinal vein occlusion']

entities_list: @entity1103 :: ('MESH:D008269', 'Disease') :: ['macular edema']

entities_list: @entity1020 :: ('MESH:D008268', 'Disease') :: ['CMT', 'central macular thickness']

answer: @entity1103 :: (MESH:D008269,Disease) :: ['macular edema']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity11441 is a novel alkylating agent. In this multicenter study, the authors evaluated the efficacy and @entity137 of single-agent @entity11441 in @entity1 with rituximab-refractory, indolent @entity1892 . METHODS: Eligible @entity1 (N = 100, ages 31-84 years) received @entity11441 at a dose of 120 mg/m(2) by intravenous infusion on Days 1 and 2 every 21 days for 6 to 8 cycles. Histologies included follicular (62%), small lymphocytic (21%), and marginal zone (16%) @entity706 . @entity1 had received a median of 2 previous regimens (range, 0-6 previous regimens), and 36%were refractory to their most recent chemotherapy regimen. Primary endpoints included overall response rate (ORR) and duration of response (DOR). Secondary endpoints were safety and progression-free survival (PFS). RESULTS: An ORR of 75% (a 14% complete response rate, a 3% unconfirmed complete response rate, and a 58% partial response rate) was observed. The median DOR was 9.2 months, and median PFS was 9.3 months. Six @entity204 were considered to be possibly treatment related. Grade 3 or 4 (determined using National Cancer Institute Common @entity137 Criteria [version 3.0.19]. reversible hematologic @entity137 included @entity1398 (61%), @entity882 (25%), and @entity417 (10%). The most frequent nonhematologic adverse events (any grade) included @entity390 (77%), @entity281 (69%), @entity1295 (64%), @entity294 (42%), @entity391 (40%), @entity221 (36%), @entity1142 (31%), and @entity448 (24%). CONCLUSIONS: Single-agent @entity11441 produced a high rate of objective responses with acceptable @entity137 in @entity1 with recurrent, rituximab-refractory indolent @entity1892 .

title: XXXX is effective therapy in @entity1 with rituximab-refractory, indolent @entity1892 : results from a Multicenter Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['Toxicity', 'toxicities', 'toxicity']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity11441 :: ('MESH:C001758', 'Chemical') :: ['Bendamustine hydrochloride', 'bendamustine']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity448 :: ('MESH:D000855', 'Disease') :: ['anorexia']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ['B-cell lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity1142 :: ('MESH:D003248', 'Disease') :: ['constipation']

answer: @entity11441 :: (MESH:C001758,Chemical) :: ['Bendamustine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity195 ( @entity195 ) is a @entity179 and the leading cause of @entity303 in the elderly. The two @entity75 in @entity195 brain are deposition of @entity527 and @entity3072 ( @entity3072 ). @entity1007 is one of the risk factors of @entity195 . But its role in the pathogenesis of @entity195 is largely unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between @entity1007 and tau phosphorylation or beta-amyloid (Abeta), and evaluate the effect of @entity2993 on the level of tau phosphorylation and Abeta in the brains of @entity35 fed with high @entity165 diet. METHODS: Sprague-Dawley (SD) @entity35 were randomly divided into normal diet control group, high @entity165 diet group, and high @entity165 diet plus @entity2993 (Lipitor, 15 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1)) treated group. Blood from caudal vein was collected to measure total @entity165 (TC), @entity412 (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) at the end of the 3rd and the 6th months by an enzymatic method. The animals were sacrificed 6 months later and brains were removed. All left brain hemispheres were fixed for immunohistochemistry. Hippocampus and cerebral cortex were separated from right hemispheres and homogenized separately. @entity5624 phosphorylation and Abeta in the brain tissue were determined by Western blotting (using antibodies @entity21004 and Tau-1) and anti-Abeta40/anti-Abeta42, respectively. RESULTS: We found that high @entity165 diet led to @entity1007 of @entity35 as well as hyperphosphorylation of tau and increased Abeta level in the brains. Treatment of the high @entity165 diet fed @entity35 with @entity2993 prevented the changes of both tau phosphorylation and Abeta level induced by high @entity165 diet. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1007 could induce @entity3072 and Abeta production in @entity35 brain. @entity2993 could inhibit @entity3072 and decrease Abeta generation. It may play a protective role in the patho-process of @entity1007 -induced @entity179 in the brain.

title: Inhibition of XXXX and beta amyloid production in @entity35 brain by oral administration of @entity2993 .

entities_list: @entity527 :: ('MESH:D058225', 'Disease') :: ['amyloid plaques']

entities_list: @entity1007 :: ('MESH:D006937', 'Disease') :: ['hypercholesteremia', 'Hypercholesteremia']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['hallmark lesions']

entities_list: @entity3072 :: ('MESH:C536599', 'Disease') :: ['tau hyperphosphorylation', 'NFTs', 'neurofibrillary tangles']

entities_list: @entity2993 :: ('MESH:C065179', 'Chemical') :: ['atorvastatin', 'Atorvastatin']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['neurodegeneration', 'neurodegenerative disorder']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['AD', "Alzheimer's disease"]

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity3072 :: (MESH:C536599,Disease) :: ['tau hyperphosphorylation']


abstract: A 9-year-old Latin American @entity1 developed @entity735 associated with @entity158 in the left ear of one month's duration. Ophthalmoscopic examination of the left eye disclosed retinal striae with venous tortuosity and @entity1829 . CT scan of the orbit showed a nonenhancing, irregular intraconal mass. CT scan of the brain demonstrated an enhancing left temporoparietal mass. Craniotomy revealed a 7 cm, extra-axial mass that was attached to the dura mater. Histologic examination, including a positive Leder stain, established the diagnosis of @entity4585 . At that time, the results of the laboratory studies, including complete cell blood count, were normal. Periodic clinical and hematologic evaluation was recommended. Twenty-five days after craniotomy, examination of the peripheral blood disclosed 56% myeloblasts and the bone marrow contained 30% blast cells. The problem in histologic differential diagnosis and a review of the literature is discussed.

title: XXXX of the orbit. A clinicopathologic study.

entities_list: @entity735 :: ('MESH:D005124', 'Disease') :: ['proptosis of the left eye']

entities_list: @entity1829 :: ('MESH:D010211', 'Disease') :: ['papilledema']

entities_list: @entity4585 :: ('MESH:D023981', 'Disease') :: ['granulocytic sarcoma']

answer: @entity4585 :: (MESH:D023981,Disease) :: ['Granulocytic sarcoma']


abstract: Previous studies suggested that gamma oscillations in the brain are associated with higher order cognitive function including selective visual attention, motor task planning, sensory perception, working memory and dreaming REM sleep. These oscillations are mainly observed in cortical regions and also occur in neocortical and subcortical areas and the hippocampus. In this paper, we investigate the influence of acute exposure to @entity1239 on the complexity of @entity131 .Using the approximate entropy method, the influence of acute @entity1239 exposure on the @entity131 was investigated. The @entity131 have been generated in response to the 100 Hz stimulus and isolated using the visual inspection and spectral analysis method. Our central hypothesis is that acute exposure to @entity1239 significantly reduces the complexity of @entity131 . We used brain-slice recordings and the approximate entropy method to test this hypothesis. The approximate entropy (complexity) values of the @entity131 are estimated from the 14 hippocampal slices. Our results show that it takes at least 100 msec to see any hippocampal activities in response to the 100 Hz stimulus. These patterns noticeably changed after 100 msec until 300 msec after the stimulus Finally, they were less prominent after 300 msec. We have analyzed the isolated @entity131 (between 150 and 250 msec after the stimulus) using the approximate entropy (ApEn) method. Our results showed that the ApEn (complexity) values of @entity131 during @entity1239 exposure were reduced compared to those of @entity131 during control, and washout. This reduction was much more significant in response to acute @entity1239 exposure (p < 0.05) compared to those during control and washout conditions. These results suggest that the neural firing becomes regular and the hippocampal networks become synchronized in response to @entity1239 exposure.

title: Investigating the synchronization of hippocampal neural network in response to acute XXXX exposure.

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['hippocampal gamma oscillations']

entities_list: @entity1239 :: ('MESH:D009538', 'Chemical') :: ['nicotine']

answer: @entity1239 :: (MESH:D009538,Chemical) :: ['nicotine']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: To determine whether early administration of a single dose of intravenous @entity701 (500 mg) modified the need for hospitalization and duration of treatment, and improve pulmonary function assessed by subjective and objective criteria of acute @entity565 @entity1 . DESIGN: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. SETTING: The emergency room (ER) of a large, urban hospital with primary and referral care responsibilities. @entity1 : Ninety-eight @entity1 from 18 to 50 years of age with acute @entity565 , with a PEFR and FEV1 in the first second below 50% of predicted value (FEV1 mean % of predicted = 27.8 +/- 10.0) and without history of chronic cough or other medical disease. INTERVENTIONS: The @entity228 group received 500 mg of intravenous @entity701 whereas the control group received intravenous normal saline immediately after arrival to the ER. Additional treatment included @entity3045 delivered with metered-dose inhaler into a spacer device (Volumatic), in four puffs actuated in rapid succession (100 micrograms per actuation), at 10-min intervals. The final mean dose was 5.7 mg for the @entity134 group and 5.6 mg for the control one (P = 0.86). Hospitalization was mandatory if total treatment time was greater than 6 h. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: Age, sex, PEFR, FEV1, FVC, symptom index, and @entity288 use were similar in both groups. FEV1 expressed as mean % of predicted was 54.6 +/- 17.3% in the control group and 54.6 +/- 17.4% in the @entity134 group (P = 0.75). Duration of ER treatment was 2.22 +/- 1.75 h in the @entity228 group and 2.24 +/- 1.70 h in the control group (P = 0.81). The hospital admission rate was 10.2% for the @entity228 group and 8.16% for the control group. There were no differences between the groups when @entity1 admitted or discharged were examined separately. CONCLUSIONS: Early administration of @entity288 does not modify outcome of ER treatment of @entity565 , and does not improve pulmonary function in the first 6 h of treatment. In accord with this, administration of @entity288 to these @entity1 could be delayed by several hours without modifying clinical outcome. When an aggressive beta-agonist bronchodilator regimen is used, it obviates the need for @entity230 in this early stage of treatment.

title: Early administration of XXXX in the emergency room treatment of acute @entity565 : a controlled clinical trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity565 :: ('MESH:D001249', 'Disease') :: ['asthma', 'bronchial asthma']

entities_list: @entity3045 :: ('MESH:D000420', 'Chemical') :: ['salbutamol']

entities_list: @entity228 :: ('CHEBI:50858', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroid']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrocortisone']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity701 :: (MESH:D006854,Chemical) :: ['hydrocortisone']


abstract: @entity13571 ( @entity13571 ) are a group of diseases with multi system involvement and varied clinical presentation. Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) testing has high sensitivity and specificity for @entity13571 . We describe the clinical course of four @entity1 who had pauci-immune @entity631 with systemic involvement without serological ANCA positivity; they were followed up for a cumulative 55 @entity1 months. The mean Birmingham @entity1333 score score was 23. All four had systemic symptoms with @entity4841 and @entity221 (100%). @entity16 were seen in two @entity1 (66%). Accelerated @entity101 was seen in one. One @entity1 had @entity11278 . Renal manifestation was characterized by @entity1985 range of @entity644 with glomerular @entity811 in all (100%) and severe @entity177 requiring dialysis in three (66%). At admission the mean blood urea was 146 +/- 19 mg% and mean serum @entity1011 was 5.6 +/- 1.9 mg%. Renal biopsy revealed focal proliferative @entity631 with crescents only in 20-30% of glomeruli. There was significant chronic interstitial involvement in two @entity1 (66%). Therapy with pulse @entity230 , @entity786 , and @entity618 ( @entity2098 ) was effective in three @entity1 while one died with @entity548 . In conclusion, majority of @entity1 with ANCA negative pauci-immune @entity631 have multi-system involvement at admission. Renal biopsy is characterized by focal proliferative lesions with crescents and significant chronic @entity82 . Immunosuppressive drugs in the form of corticosteroids, @entity2098 and @entity786 bring about marked renal recovery in most @entity1 .

title: ANCA negative pauci-immune XXXX with systemic involvement.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity1985 :: ('MESH:D009404', 'Disease') :: ['nephrotic']

entities_list: @entity13571 :: ('MESH:D056647', 'Disease') :: ['SV', 'Systemic vasculitides']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['lung hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity1333 :: ('MESH:D014657', 'Disease') :: ['vasculitis']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['interstitial fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['Neurological manifestations']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity11278 :: ('MESH:C538458', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary renal syndrome']

entities_list: @entity618 :: ('MESH:C063008', 'Chemical') :: ['mycophenolate mofetil']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity4841 :: ('MESH:D018771', 'Disease') :: ['arthralgias']

entities_list: @entity811 :: ('MESH:D006417', 'Disease') :: ['hematuria']

entities_list: @entity631 :: ('MESH:D005921', 'Disease') :: ['glomerulonephritis']

answer: @entity631 :: (MESH:D005921,Disease) :: ['glomerulonephritis']


abstract: A high activatory/inhibitory FcyR binding ratio is critical for the activity of mAb such as rituximab and alemtuzumab that @entity5 cells directly and eliminate them by recruiting immune effectors. Optimal FcyR binding profiles of other anti- @entity5 mAb, such as immunostimulatory mAb that stimulate or block immune receptors, are less clear. In this study, we analyzed the importance of isotype and FcyR interactions in controlling the agonistic activity of the anti-mouse @entity14636 mAb 3/23. Mouse @entity6527 (m1) and @entity9749 (m2a) variants of the parental 3/23 (rat @entity9749 ) were engineered and used to promote humoral and cellular responses against OVA. The mouse @entity6527 3/23 was highly agonistic and outperformed the parental Ab when promoting Ab (10-100-fold) and T cell (OTI and OTII) responses (2- to >10-fold). In contrast, m2a was almost completely inactive. Studies in FcyR knockout @entity19 demonstrated a critical role for the inhibitory FcyRIIB in 3/23 activity, whereas activatory FcyR (FcyRI, -III, and -IV) was dispensable. In vitro experiments established that the stimulatory effect of FcyRIIB was mediated through Ab cross-linking delivered in trans between neighboring cells and did not require intracellular signaling. Intriguingly, activatory FcyR provided effective cross-linking of 3/23 m2a in vitro, suggesting the critical role of FcyRIIB in vivo reflects its cellular distribution and bioavailability as much as its affinity for a particular Ab isotype. In conclusion, we demonstrate an essential cross-linking role for the inhibitory FcyRIIB in anti- @entity14636 immunostimulatory activity and suggest that isotype will be an important issue when optimizing reagents for clinical use.

title: Interaction with FcyRIIB is critical for the agonistic activity of anti- XXXX monoclonal antibody.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['attack cancer', 'cancer']

answer: @entity14636 :: (21939(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['CD40']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of MR Spectroscopy (MRS) at 3.0 Tesla for the assessment of normal @entity236 and assess the variation in terms of age, gender, and skeletal site. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 16 normal subjects (aged between eight and 57 years) were investigated on a 3.0 Tesla GE Signa system. To investigate axial and peripheral skeleton differences, non-water-suppressed spectra were acquired from single voxels in the calcaneus and lumbar spine. In addition, spectra were acquired at multiple vertebral bodies to assess variation within the lumbar spine. Data was also correlated with @entity79 ( @entity79 ) measured in six subjects using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). RESULTS: Fat content was an order of magnitude greater in the heel compared to the spine. An age-related increase was demonstrated in the spine with values greater in @entity1 compared to female subjects. Significant trends in vertebral bodies within the same subjects were also shown, with fat content increasing L5 > L1. Population coefficient of variation (CV) was greater for fat fraction (FF) compared to @entity79 . CONCLUSION: Significant normal variations of marrow composition have been demonstrated, which provide important data for the future interpretation of @entity1 investigations.

title: Age, gender, and skeletal variation in XXXX : a preliminary study at 3.0 Tesla.

entities_list: @entity236 :: ('MESH:D001855', 'Disease') :: ['bone marrow composition']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone mineral density', 'BMD']

answer: @entity236 :: (MESH:D001855,Disease) :: ['bone marrow composition']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To perform an updated meta-analysis to determine whether complete revascularization of significant coronary lesions at the time of primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) would be associated with better outcomes compared with culprit-only revascularization. BACKGROUND: Individual trials have demonstrated conflicting evidence regarding the optimum revascularization strategy at the time of primary PCI. METHODS: Clinical trials that randomized @entity583 ( @entity583 ) @entity1 with @entity74 to a complete versus culprit-only revascularization strategy were included. Random effects summary risk ratios (RR) were constructed using a DerSimonian-Laird model. The primary outcome of interest was mortality or @entity583 ( @entity583 ). RESULTS: A total of seven trials with 1,939 @entity1 were included in the analysis. Compared with culprit-only revascularization, complete revascularization was associated with a non-significant reduction in the risk of mortality or @entity583 (RR 0.69, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.42-1.12, P   =   0.14). Complete revascularization was associated with a reduced risk of major adverse @entity299 (MACE) (RR 0.61, 95% CI 0.45-0.81, P   <   0.001), due to a significant reduction in urgent revascularization (RR 0.46, 95% CI 0.29-0.70, P   <   0.001). The risk of major @entity548 and contrast-induced @entity8 was similar with both approaches (RR 0.83, 95% CI 0.41-1.71, P   =   0.62, and RR 0.94, 95% CI 0.42-2.12, P   =   0.82). CONCLUSIONS: Complete revascularization of all significant coronary lesions at the time of primary PCI was associated with a reduction in the risk of MACE due to reduction in the risk of urgent revascularization. This approach appears to be safe, with no excess major @entity548 , or contrast-induced @entity8 .    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Complete versus culprit-only revascularization for XXXX with @entity74 undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention: An updated meta-analysis of randomized trials.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['nephropathy']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['multi-vessel disease']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac events']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['STEMI', 'myocardial infarction', 'MI', 'ST elevation myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Development of a fully effective vaccine against the pre-erythrocytic stage of @entity281 will likely require induction of both humoral and cellular immune responses. Protein based vaccines can elicit such broad-based immunity depending on the adjuvant and how the protein is formulated. Here to assess these variables, non @entity1 primates (NHP) were immunized three times with @entity3964 (Pf) circumsporozoite protein (CSP) or CSP cloned into MG38, a monoclonal antibody that targets DEC-205 (aDEC-CSP), an endocytic receptor on dendritic cells (DCs). Both vaccines were administered with or without poly(I:C) as adjuvant. Following three immunizations, the magnitude and quality of cytokine secreting CD4+ T cells were comparable between CSP+poly(I:C) and aDEC-CSP+poly(I:C) groups with both regimens eliciting multi-functional cytokine responses. However, NHP immunized with CSP+poly(I:C) had significantly higher serum titers of CSP-specific IgG antibodies and indirect immunofluorescent antibody (IFA) titers against Pf sporozoites. Furthermore, sera from both CSP or aDEC-CSP+poly(I:C) immunized animals limited sporozoite invasion of a hepatocyte cell line (HC04) in vitro. To determine whether CSP-specific responses could be enhanced, all NHP primed with CSP or aDEC-CSP+poly(I:C) were boosted with a single dose of 150,000 irradiated Pf sporozoites (PfSPZ) intravenously. Remarkably, boosting had no effect on the CSP-specific immunity. Finally, immunization with CSP+poly-ICLC reduced @entity311 parasite @entity409 in an experimental @entity19 model. Taken together, these data showing that poly(I:C) is an effective adjuvant for inducing potent antibody and @entity1198 immunity with CSP based vaccines offers a potential alternative to the existing protein based pre-erythrocytic vaccines.

title: Poly(I:C) is an effective adjuvant for antibody and multi-functional CD4+ T cell responses to @entity3964 circumsporozoite protein (CSP) and aDEC-CSP in non XXXX primates.

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['burden in the liver']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['malaria infection']

entities_list: @entity3964 :: ('5833', 'Species') :: ['Plasmodium falciparum']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The prevailing concept is that lack of fusion of the anterior and @entity8 (an open cone) allows free communication between the perirenal space and the extraperitoneal portion of the pelvis. However, @entity66 rarely extends into the pelvis and an open cone has not been observed on CT scans. Accordingly, we determined the anatomy of the caudal extent of the cone of the renal fasciae in cadavers and on CT scans. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Anatomic dissections of the lower portion of the retroperitoneum and the extraperitoneal portion of the pelvis were made in eight cadavers. Two cadavers were intact, two had colored latex injected into the perirenal space before dissections, and the abdomens and pelves of four were sectioned transversely in 3- to 5-cm-thick slices. The renal fasciae were traced on transparent films placed on the cross sections, and computer-generated three-dimensional representations of the tracings were made. These anatomic findings were correlated with observations made on CT scans of 59 consecutive @entity1 with diseases involving the lower part of the retroperitoneum and the extraperitoneal portion of the pelvis (32 @entity1 with @entity548 , 16 with inflammatory processes, and 11 with neoplastic conditions). RESULTS: The anatomic study showed that the anterior and @entity8 merge to form a single multilaminar fascia in the iliac fossa. Anteriorly, this common fascia is loosely connected to the parietal peritoneum. Posteriorly lies the caudal continuation of the posterior pararenal compartment. This joins with the laterocaudal continuation of the central part of the retroperitoneum, which contains the iliac vessels. The distal part of the ureter lies within the caudal continuation of the single multilayered @entity8 . The CT studies done in @entity1 showed that extension of the perirenal processes to the pelvis and vice versa was both restrained and uncommon: no direct extension of any abnormalities was observed in either direction, and laminar thickening of the fasciae was seen in one fifth of the @entity1 . Similarly, no inferior communication of the perirenal space with the anterior or posterior pararenal spaces was seen. CONCLUSION: There is an anatomic barrier between the inferior perirenal space and the extraperitoneal pelvis formed by the fusion of the leaves of the renal fasciae into a single multilaminar fascia that acts as a barrier of disease extension. The multilaminar nature of this fascia, however, may also act as a filter, allowing some permeability between its layers. This potential interlaminar pathway is rare and is manifested as fascial thickening on CT scans. This laminar filter-barrier observation explains the lack of extension of perirenal diseases into the pelvis.

title: Why XXXX does not extend into the pelvis: the importance of closure of the cone of the renal fasciae.

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['posterior renal fasciae caudally', 'posterior renal fasciae', 'renal fascia']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['perirenal disease']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

answer: @entity66 :: (MESH:D004194,Disease) :: ['perirenal disease']


abstract: Genotypic algorithms for prediction of @entity2858 coreceptor usage need to be evaluated in a clinical setting. We aimed at studying (i) the correlation of genotypic prediction of coreceptor use in comparison with a phenotypic assay and (ii) the relationship between genotypic prediction of coreceptor use at baseline and the virological response (VR) to a therapy including maraviroc (MVC). Antiretroviral-experienced @entity1 were included in the MVC Expanded Access Program if they had an R5 screening result with Trofile (Monogram Biosciences). V3 loop sequences were determined at screening, and coreceptor use was predicted using 13 genotypic algorithms or combinations of algorithms. Genotypic predictions were compared to Trofile; dual or mixed (D/M) variants were considered as X4 variants. Both genotypic and phenotypic results were obtained for 189 @entity1 at screening, with 54 isolates scored as X4 or D/M and 135 scored as R5 with Trofile. The highest sensitivity (59.3%) for detection of X4 was obtained with the Geno2pheno algorithm, with a false-positive rate set up at 10% (Geno2pheno10). In the 112 @entity1 receiving MVC, a plasma viral RNA load of <50 copies/ml was obtained in 68% of cases at month 6. In multivariate analysis, the prediction of the X4 genotype at baseline with the Geno2pheno10 algorithm including baseline viral load and @entity404 nadir was independently associated with a worse VR at months 1 and 3. The baseline weighted genotypic sensitivity score was associated with VR at month 6. There were strong arguments in favor of using genotypic coreceptor use assays for determining which @entity1 would respond to @entity5075 antagonist.

title: Evaluation of the genotypic prediction of XXXX coreceptor use versus a phenotypic assay and correlation with the virological response to maraviroc: the ANRS GenoTropism study.

answer: @entity2858 :: (11676,Species) :: ['HIV-1']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate acute cardiac effects of concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) for @entity418 . METHODS AND MATERIALS: This prospective study was approved by the institutional review board, and written informed consent was obtained from all @entity1 . The @entity1002 ( @entity1002 ) of 31 @entity1 with @entity418 who received @entity900 and @entity1487 -based CCRT was evaluated using cardiac cine magnetic resonance imaging. The @entity1 were classified into two groups according to mean LV dose. The parameters related to @entity1002 were compared between before and during (40 Gy) or between before and after CCRT using a Wilcoxon matched-pairs single rank test, and parameter ratios (during/before CCRT, after/before CCRT) were also compared between the groups with a t test. Data were expressed as mean    SE. RESULTS: In the low LV-dose group (n = 10; mean LV dose <0.6 Gy), LV ejection fraction decreased significantly (before vs. during vs. after CCRT; 62.7%    2.98% vs. 59.8%    2.56% vs. 60.6%    3.89%; p < 0.05). In the high LV-dose group (n = 21; mean LV dose of 3.6-41.2 Gy), LV end-diastolic volume index (before vs. after CCRT; 69.1    2.93 vs. 57.0    3.23 mL/m(2)), LV @entity64 volume index (38.6    1.56 vs. 29.9    1.60 mL/m(2)), and LV ejection fraction (56.9%    1.79% vs. 52.8%    1.15%) decreased significantly (p < 0.05) after CCRT. Heart rate increased significantly (before vs. during vs. after CCRT; 66.8    3.05 vs. 72.4    4.04 vs. 85.4    3.75 beats per minute, p < 0.01). Left ventricle wall motion decreased significantly (p < 0.05) in segments 8 (before vs. during vs. after CCRT; 6.64    0.54 vs. 4.78    0.43 vs. 4.79    0.50 mm), 9 (6.88    0.45 vs. 5.04    0.38 vs. 5.27    0.47 mm), and 10 (9.22    0.48 vs. 8.08    0.34 vs. 8.19    0.56 mm). The parameter ratios of LV end-diastolic volume index, @entity64 volume index, wall motion in segment 9, and heart rate showed significant difference (p  <  0.05) after CCRT between the groups. CONCLUSIONS: Concurrent chemoradiotherapy for @entity418 impairs @entity1002 from an early treatment stage. This impairment is prominent in @entity1 with high LV dose.

title: Acute cardiac impairment associated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy for XXXX : magnetic resonance evaluation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular function', 'LVF']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity418 :: ('MESH:D004938', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal cancer']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['5-fluorouracil']

answer: @entity418 :: (MESH:D004938,Disease) :: ['esophageal cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Unresectable @entity1419 has a poor prognosis, with a median survival of 5 to 8 months without treatment. Response and survival after chemoembolization were evaluated. METHODS: Lobar or segmental chemoembolization with @entity900 , @entity632 , @entity1138 , @entity4831 , and @entity4832 particles was performed at monthly intervals for 1-4 sessions until the entire @entity5 burden was treated. Cross-sectional imaging and clinical and laboratory evaluation were performed before treatment, 1 month after treatment, and then every 3 months. A second cycle of treatment was performed for intrahepatic recurrence. @entity137 was assessed using NCI CTC v.3.0. Response was evaluated using RECIST criteria, and survival was estimated with Kaplan-Meier analysis. RESULTS: Sixty-two @entity1 were treated. Thirty-seven had pathologically proven @entity201 , and 25 had poorly differentiated @entity420 . One hundred and twenty-two total procedures were performed during the initial cycle of treatment (mean, 2.0 per @entity1 ). Twenty @entity1 received a second cycle, for a total of 165 procedures. There were 5 major complications. Thirty-day disease-specific mortality was 0%. Forty-five of 62 @entity1 were evaluable for morphologic response after completion of their initial cycle: 11% (n = 5) partial responses, 64% (n = 29) stable, and 24% (n = 11) progressed. Median time to progression from first chemoembolization was 8 months, with 28% free of progression at 12 months. Median survival from time of diagnosis was 20 months, with 1-, 2-, and 3-year survival of 75%, 39%, and 17%, respectively. Median survival from time of first chemoembolization was 15 months, with 1-, 2-, and 3-year survival of 61%, 27%, and 8%, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in survival between @entity1 with @entity201 and those with poorly differentiated @entity420 . @entity1 who also received systemic chemotherapy had improved overall survival (median 28 vs 16 months, P = .02; HR, 1.94; 95% CI, 1.13-3.33). CONCLUSIONS: Chemoembolization provided local disease control (PR + SD) of @entity1419 and @entity420 in 76%. Overall survival after chemoembolization showed the best outcomes for those receiving multidisciplinary integrated liver-directed and systemic therapies.

title: Chemoembolization of @entity1419 with @entity900 , @entity632 , @entity1138 , XXXX , and @entity4832 : a 2-center study.

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['Toxicity']

entities_list: @entity4832 :: ('MESH:D011142', 'Chemical') :: ['polyvinyl alcohol']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['intrahepatic tumor']

entities_list: @entity1138 :: ('MESH:D016685', 'Chemical') :: ['mitomycin-C']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatinum']

entities_list: @entity4831 :: ('MESH:D004998', 'Chemical') :: ['ethiodol']

entities_list: @entity1419 :: ('MESH:C535533', 'Disease') :: ['intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity201 :: ('MESH:D018281', 'Disease') :: ['cholangiocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma of unknown primary', 'adenocarcinoma of unknown primary, likely cholangiocarcinoma', 'adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity4831 :: (MESH:D004998,Chemical) :: ['ethiodol']


abstract: The aims of this study were to develop an objective method for assessing @entity51 using a statistical image analysis protocol and to validate its effective use in clinical practice. 99Tcm-HMPAO brain SPET images were acquired for 40 normal subjects, 10 @entity1 with @entity195 and 10 @entity1 with @entity308 . Automated image registration was used to standardize the size and shape of the brain structures for all subjects. The images of the first 30 normal subjects were used to construct a normal database. The CBF images of the other 10 normal subjects and the 20 @entity1 were compared voxel by voxel with the normal database to map @entity854 by statistical evaluation. The results were compared with the clinical reports of CBF images. The expert system detected all @entity51 reported by the nuclear physicians. Some additional areas with special information, like @entity194 and bilateral asymmetry, were also identified by the expert system. We conclude that this expert system can delineate @entity51 with sufficiently high accuracy, differentiating normal from abnormal CBF images using voxel-based comparisons. The use of an expert system improves rCBF SPET image evaluation.

title: XXXX in neuropsychiatric disorders by an expert system: a 99Tcm-HMPAO brain SPET study using automated image registration.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['rCBF deficits', 'CBF deficits']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['CBF abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["Alzheimer's disease"]

answer: @entity51 :: (MESH:D009461,Disease) :: ['Detection of CBF deficits']


abstract: PURPOSE: In order to evaluate the possible antiinflammatory action of @entity171 , the effect of the drugs on the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines ( @entity635 , @entity777 and @entity637 ) from macrophages was studied. Liposomes or high concentration of extracellular @entity460 was used to enhance the intracellular delivery of @entity171 . METHODS: RAW 264 cells were used as macrophage model, and they were induced with lipopolysaccharide to produce the cytokines. The cytokine concentrations in the culture supernatants were measured with time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay. RESULTS: As a free drug, @entity19160 and @entity5279 , but not @entity10210 , inhibited LPS-stimulated secretion of the cytokines from macrophage-like RAW 264 cells. Low concentrations of @entity5279 , however, induced the @entity777 secretion, and the cytokine inhibitory action at the higher concentrations of @entity5279 was attributed to @entity137 of the compound. The cytokine induction or toxic effects were not observed with @entity19160 or @entity10210 . When the drugs were encapsulated in negatively charged unilamellar liposomes, the inhibitory potency of both @entity19160 and @entity10210 enhanced by a factor of 10-20, while that of @entity5279 was not increased. The complex formation of @entity171 with extracellular @entity460 , although enhancing the uptake of the compounds by macrophages, did not considerably increase their cytokine inhibitory potency. CONCLUSIONS: @entity171 have inhibitory action on cytokine secretion by macrophages. The non-cytotoxic cytokine inhibition by liposome encapsulated @entity19160 could be beneficial in local inflammatory diseases, where the @entity32 is sustained by the excessive amounts of inflammatory cytokines produced by activated macrophages.

title: Effect of liposomal and free @entity171 on the @entity635 , XXXX and @entity637 secretion from RAW 264 cells in vitro.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity171 :: ('MESH:D004164', 'Chemical') :: ['bisphosphonates', 'Bisphosphonates']

entities_list: @entity5279 :: ('MESH:C019248', 'Chemical') :: ['pamidronate']

entities_list: @entity10210 :: ('MESH:D012968', 'Chemical') :: ['etidronate']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity19160 :: ('MESH:D004002', 'Chemical') :: ['clodronate']

answer: @entity777 :: (16193(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['IL-6']


abstract: A metastatic variant cell subline of the Abelson virus-transformed @entity19 @entity706 has been selected in vivo ten times for liver colonization. Highly metastatic subline RAW117-H10 forms greater than 200 times as many gross surface @entity96 nodules as the parental line RAW117-P. Analysis of cellular proteins and glycoproteins indicates reduced expression of @entity19 @entity1778 virus-associated @entity3722 , @entity8919 , and @entity15309 , and increased expression of a sialoglycoprotein, gp150, in the highly metastatic H10 cells. Northern analyses of oncogene expression suggested that mRNA of various oncogenes was expressed equally or not expressed in the RAW117 cells of differing metastatic potential. Differential gene expression was examined using a cDNA library of 17,600 clones established from poly A+ mRNA isolated from H10 cells. The cDNA library was screened by the colony hybridization technique using probes made from both RAW117-P and -H10 cells. Approximately 99.5% of these cDNA clones were expressed identically in P and H10 cells. Of the few differentially expressed cDNA clones (approx. 150/17,600), one-half of these were identified as @entity1778 virus sequences in a separate probing with a radiolabeled @entity1778 virus probe. The remainder of the differentially expressed mRNA detected by colony hybridization of the cDNA library were expressed at higher levels (approx. 1/6) or lower levels (approx. 1/3) in the highly metastatic H10 cells.

title: Differential expression of metastasis-associated cell surface glycoproteins and mRNA in a XXXX @entity706 .

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['large lymphoma/lymphosarcoma RAW117']

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['liver tumor']

entities_list: @entity1778 :: ('MESH:D007938', 'Disease') :: ['Moloney leukemia']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['murine']


abstract: Experiments were designed using conscious @entity35 to determine the blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) responses to intravenous doses of (1) the adrenal catecholamines @entity1063 (NA) and @entity1425 (A), (2) adrenal pentapeptides @entity1853 @entity10971 (ME) and @entity368 @entity10971 (LE), (3) combination (i.v.) injections of both ME or LE with NA or A that modulate the hemodynamic responses when the adrenal @entity2661 were given alone, and (4) the possible receptor mechanisms mediating the resultant BP and HR response to i.v. @entity12704 administration. NA (0.48 and 2.4 nmol) and A (0.3 and 1.5 nmol) given i.v. evoked potent, dose-related pressor responses associated with reflex @entity1168 . ME and LE (1.6 - 48 nmol) elicited transient (10-20 s) increases in mean arterial pressure (MAP), which was associated either with no change in mean heart rate (MHR), such as ME, or with slight @entity1168 (i.e., LE). Combining ME or LE (16 nmol) with NA (2.4 nmol) or A (0.3 or 1.5 nmol) did not change MAP and MHR from when these respective doses of NA or A were given alone. However, 16 nmol of ME or LE with a low dose of NA (0.48 nmol) increased the pressor response compared with NA (0.48 nmol) given alone. Other experiments whereby specific receptor blockers ( @entity1510 , @entity16889 , @entity3897 , @entity1169 , @entity5521 or @entity2997 ) were given i.v. 5 min before subsequent i.v. administration of LE or ME (16 nmol) indicated that only @entity5521 or @entity2997 could completely suppress the pressor responses of LE and ME. @entity1510 and @entity16889 pretreatment attenuated the pressor response of LE but did not affect the BP response to ME.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Pressor effects of systemic administration of @entity1853 and @entity368 @entity10971 in the conscious XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1169 :: ('MESH:D011433', 'Chemical') :: ['propranolol']

entities_list: @entity16889 :: ('MESH:D004174', 'Chemical') :: ['diprenorphine']

entities_list: @entity2997 :: ('MESH:D006145', 'Chemical') :: ['guanethidine']

entities_list: @entity368 :: ('CHEBI:25017', 'Chemical') :: ['leucine']

entities_list: @entity1425 :: ('MESH:D004837', 'Chemical') :: ['adrenaline']

entities_list: @entity5521 :: ('MESH:D010646', 'Chemical') :: ['phentolamine']

entities_list: @entity1853 :: ('MESH:D008715', 'Chemical') :: ['methionine']

entities_list: @entity12704 :: ('CHEBI:48545', 'Chemical') :: ['pentapeptide']

entities_list: @entity1510 :: ('MESH:D009270', 'Chemical') :: ['Naloxone', 'naloxone']

entities_list: @entity3897 :: ('MESH:D001285', 'Chemical') :: ['atropine']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague-Dawley rats']

entities_list: @entity2661 :: ('MESH:D002395', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamines']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['noradrenaline']

entities_list: @entity1168 :: ('MESH:D001919', 'Disease') :: ['bradycardia']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: @entity8508 is frequently used in acute variceal @entity548 due to its powerful effect on vasopressin V1 receptors. Although @entity8508 is also a partial agonist of renal vasopressin V2 receptors, its effects on serum @entity1372 concentration have not been specifically investigated. To examine the effects of @entity8508 on serum @entity1372 concentration in @entity1 with acute @entity101 , 58 consecutive @entity1 with severe @entity101 treated with @entity8508 were investigated. In the whole population, serum @entity1372 decreased from 134.9    6.6 mEq/L to 130.5    7.7 mEq/L (P = 0.002). Thirty-nine @entity1 (67%) had a decrease in serum @entity1372 >=  5 mEq/L during treatment: in 18 @entity1 (31%), between 5 and 10 mEq/L and in 21 @entity1 (36%), greater than 10 mEq/L. In this latter group, serum @entity1372 decreased from 137.2    5 to 120.5    5 mEq/L (P < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, the reduction in serum @entity1372 was related to baseline serum @entity1372 and @entity3851 ( @entity3851 ) score; @entity1 with low @entity3851 and normal or near-normal baseline serum @entity1372 had the highest risk of @entity2753 . Serum @entity1372 returned to baseline values in most @entity1 shortly after cessation of therapy. Three of the 21 @entity1 with marked reduction in serum @entity1372 developed neurological manifestations, including @entity17 in one @entity1 due to a rapid recovery of serum @entity1372 (serum @entity1372 in these three @entity1 decreased from 135, 130, and 136 to 117, 114, and 109 mEq/L, respectively). CONCLUSION: An acute reduction in serum @entity1372 concentration is common during treatment with @entity8508 for severe @entity101 . It develops rapidly after start of therapy, may be severe in some @entity1 and is associated with @entity16 , and is usually reversible after @entity8508 withdrawal.

title: @entity2753 in @entity1 treated with XXXX for severe gastrointestinal bleeding due to portal @entity101 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity17 :: ('MESH:D003711', 'Disease') :: ['osmotic demyelination syndrome']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['portal-hypertensive bleeding']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological complications']

entities_list: @entity8508 :: ('MESH:C012078', 'Chemical') :: ['Terlipressin', 'terlipressin']

entities_list: @entity3851 :: ('MESH:D058625', 'Disease') :: ['MELD', 'Model for End-Stage Liver Disease']

entities_list: @entity2753 :: ('MESH:D007010', 'Disease') :: ['hyponatremia']

answer: @entity8508 :: (MESH:C012078,Chemical) :: ['terlipressin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Between September 20, 1995 and September 20, 1997, 208 adult @entity1 undergoing renal transplantation were randomized to receive @entity1140 / @entity229 (n=106) or @entity1140 / @entity229 /mycophenolate mofetil (n=102), with the goal of reducing the incidence of rejection. METHODS: The mean recipient age was 50.7+/-13.7 years. Sixty-three (30.3%) @entity1 were 60 years of age or older at the time of transplantation. The mean donor age was 34.5+/-21.7 years. The mean cold @entity63 time was 30.5+/-9.2 hr. The mean follow-up is 15+/-7 months. RESULTS: The overall 1-year actuarial @entity1 survival was 94%; the overall 1-year actuarial graft survival was 87%. When the @entity1 and graft survival data were stratified to recipients under the age of 60 who did not have delayed graft function, the overall 1-year actuarial @entity1 survival was 97%, and the corresponding 1-year actuarial graft survival was 93%. There were no differences between the two groups. The overall incidence of rejection was 36%; in the double-therapy group, it was 44%, whereas in the triple therapy group, it was 27% (P=0.014). The mean serum @entity1011 was 1.6+/-0.8 mg/dl. A total of 36% of the successfully transplanted @entity1 were taken off @entity229 ; 32% of the @entity1 were taken off antihypertensive medications. The incidence of delayed graft function was 21%, the incidence of @entity2803 was 12.5%, and the initial and final incidences of @entity1723 were 7.0% and 2.9%; again, there was no difference between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: This trial suggests that the combination of @entity1140 , @entity230 , and @entity618 is associated with excellent @entity1 and graft survival and a lower incidence of rejection than the combination of @entity1140 and @entity230 .

title: A prospective, randomized trial of @entity1140 / @entity229 versus @entity1140 / XXXX /mycophenolate mofetil in renal transplant recipients.

entities_list: @entity2803 :: ('MESH:D003586', 'Disease') :: ['cytomegalovirus']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity1723 :: ('MESH:D003922', 'Disease') :: ['posttransplant insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity618 :: ('MESH:C063008', 'Chemical') :: ['mycophenolate mofetil']

entities_list: @entity1140 :: ('MESH:D016559', 'Chemical') :: ['tacrolimus']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

answer: @entity229 :: (MESH:D011241,Chemical) :: ['prednisone']


abstract: A rare case of cardiogenic @entity1492 is reported. A 66 y.o. male with @entity1353 , cough and fatigue was examined. B-mode echo, MRI, and angiography disclosed a large @entity5 in the left atrium. A large @entity1492 and 2 cm of the left atrial wall around the @entity5 pedicle were removed. The @entity118 and right lower pulmonary vein were repaired with a patch. Four months later, the @entity5 recurred in the right lung, mediastinum, and left atrium. The @entity5 , middle and lower lobes of the right lung, and part of the left atrial wall were excised. One year after the first operation, the @entity1 died of air way obstruction due to another recurrence of the @entity1492 in the left lung, esophagus, and mediastinum. Cardiogenic @entity1492 invading outward for the mediastinal organs is rare.

title: [A case report of primary XXXX originated in the heart invading adjacent organs ].

entities_list: @entity1492 :: ('MESH:D005354', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity118 :: ('MESH:D006344', 'Disease') :: ['atrial defect']

answer: @entity1492 :: (MESH:D005354,Disease) :: ['fibrosarcoma']


abstract: To date there is no diagnostic biomarker for mild @entity64 , although elevation of inflammatory biomarkers has been reported at early stages. Previous studies implicated @entity10810 ( @entity10810 ) involvement in @entity64 , and circulating @entity10810 activity reflects inflammatory response, since @entity934 suppresses @entity32 . Therefore, carriers of polymorphisms that modify cholinergic activity should be particularly susceptible to inflammatory damage. Our study sought diagnostic values of @entity10810 and Cholinergic Status (CS, the total capacity for @entity934 hydrolysis) in suspected @entity64 @entity1 . For this purpose, serum cholinesterase activities, butyrylcholinesterase-K genotype and inflammatory biomarkers were determined in 264 @entity385 @entity1 and matched controls during the acute phase. @entity10810 activities were lower (P<0.001), and butyrylcholinesterase activities were higher in @entity1 than in controls (P=0.004). When normalized to sampling time from @entity64 occurrence, both cholinergic parameters were correlated with multiple inflammatory biomarkers, including @entity2002 , @entity650 and @entity1851 (r=0.713, r=0.607; r=0.421, r=0.341; r=0.276, r=0.255; respectively; all P values<0.001). Furthermore, very low @entity10810 activities predicted subsequent nonsurvival (P=0.036). Also, carriers of the unstable butyrylcholinesterase-K variant were more abundant among @entity1 than controls, and showed reduced activity (P<0.001). Importantly, a cholinergic score combining the two cholinesterase activities discriminated between 94.3% matched pairs of @entity1 and controls, compared with only 75% for inflammatory measures. Our findings present the power of circulation cholinesterase measurements as useful early diagnostic tools for the occurrence of @entity64 . Importantly, these were considerably more distinctive than the inflammatory biomarkers, albeit closely associated with them, which may open new venues for @entity64 diagnosis and treatment.

title: Serum cholinesterase activities distinguish between XXXX @entity1 and controls and predict 12-month mortality.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

entities_list: @entity10810 :: ('43', 'Gene') :: ['AChE', 'acetylcholinesterase']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['stroke']


abstract: @entity2224 ( @entity2224 ) in the globally @entity63 heart is a common setting of @entity1167 . Electrical heterogeneities during @entity2224 may affect outcomes of defibrillation and resuscitation. Previous studies in large @entity1 hearts have investigated the role of Purkinje fibers and electrophysiological gradients between the endocardium (Endo) and epicardium (Epi). Much less is known about gradients between the right ventricle (RV) and left ventricle (LV) and within each chamber during @entity2224 . We studied the transmural distribution of the @entity3457 ( @entity3457 ) in the RV and LV and at the junction of RV, LV, and septum (Sep) during @entity2224 using plunge needle electrodes in opened-chest @entity235 . We also used optical mapping to analyze the Epi distribution of @entity3457 , action potential duration (APD), and @entity15071 ( @entity15071 ) during @entity2224 in the RV and LV of isolated hearts. Transmural @entity3457 gradients developed in both the RV and LV, with a faster @entity3457 in Endo. Concurrently, large @entity3457 gradients developed in Epi, with the fastest @entity3457 in the RV-Sep junction, intermediate in the RV, and slowest in the LV. Optical mapping revealed a progressively increasing @entity3457 dispersion within both the LV and RV, with a mosaic presence of fully inexcitable areas after 4-8 min of @entity2224 . The transmural, interchamber, and intrachamber @entity3457 heterogeneities were of similar magnitude. In both chambers, the inverse of @entity3457 was highly correlated with @entity15071 , but not APD, at all time points of @entity2224 . We conclude that the complex @entity3457 gradients during @entity2224 in the @entity235 heart cannot be explained solely by the distribution of Purkinje fibers and are related to regional differences in the electrical depression secondary to @entity2224 .

title: Complex structure of electrophysiological gradients emerging during long-duration @entity2224 in the XXXX heart.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity2224 :: ('MESH:D014693', 'Disease') :: ['LDVF', 'Long-duration ventricular fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrest']

entities_list: @entity15071 :: ('MESH:C563897', 'Disease') :: ['diastolic interval', 'DI']

entities_list: @entity3457 :: ('OMIM:612348', 'Disease') :: ['VF activation rate', 'VFR']

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['canine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Randomized clinical trials supporting the use of intra-arterial administration of thrombolytics (IAT) for the treatment of @entity64 due to @entity2500 have been positive on some, but not all, endpoints. A meta-analysis was performed to estimate with more precision the effect of IAT on several key clinical endpoints. METHODS: All randomized trials of IAT in the treatment of @entity2500 were identified by PUBMED search and by hand search of potentially relevant references. Trial methodologies were assessed for compatibility in study protocols and statistical analysis. A meta-analysis was performed evaluating the effect of IAT on functional outcome at 90 days and @entity932 ( @entity932 ) within 24 h. RESULTS: Three trials met the criteria for the meta-analysis. IAT treated @entity1 were significantly more likely to have a modified Rankin scale (mRS)  <= 1 (31% vs 20%, OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.2 to 3.4, p=0.01); @entity5329 (43% vs 31%, OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.2 to 3.0, p=0.01); and NIH @entity64 Scale score 0 or 1 (23% vs 12%, OR 2.4, 95% CI 1.3 to 4.4, p=0.007) at the 90 day follow-up. There was no effect on mortality at 90 days (20% vs 19%, OR 0.84, 95% CI 0.5 to 1.5). The risk of @entity932 was significantly increased in the active treatment arms (11% vs 2%, OR 4.6, 95% CI 1.3 to 16, p=0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Our meta-analysis demonstrates that all standard functional endpoints for @entity64 trials were substantially improved in the active treatment arms. Despite an increased risk of @entity932 , there was no effect on mortality. These results support endovascular treatment of acute @entity385 due to @entity2500 with intra-arterial thrombolytics.

title: Meta-analysis of randomized intra-arterial thrombolytic trials for the treatment of @entity64 due to XXXX .

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'Stroke']

entities_list: @entity932 :: ('MESH:D020300', 'Disease') :: ['symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage', 'SICH']

entities_list: @entity2500 :: ('MESH:D020244', 'Disease') :: ['MCA occlusion', 'middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion', 'MCA stroke']

answer: @entity2500 :: (MESH:D020244,Disease) :: ['middle cerebral artery occlusion']


abstract: @entity6 affects most aspects of everyday life and places considerable responsibility on the @entity1 ; therefore, without @entity1 acceptance of what we offer, the therapy is unlikely to be adhered to especially when that therapy happens to be @entity2690 injection. In 2008, almost every physician/health care provider carries new and sleek cell phones (because the newer ones are well designed and function better). Why these same providers continue to prescribe @entity2690 via syringes in 2008 is something that I cannot fathom. Previously, some insurance companies only paid for vials and there was no other choice, but today almost all insurance pay for pens and so the "insurance reason" is no longer tenable. Since Banting and Best discovered @entity2690 in 1921, scientists have continued to improve the types of @entity2690 (making them mimic physiology more closely in order to minimize @entity4053 and improve glycemic control as seen with the latest analog insulins). In the same manner, the delivery process of @entity2690 has also continued to evolve to make it easier and more acceptable to @entity1 . Studies have shown that @entity1 prefer device use over traditional vials/syringes. @entity8907 devices used to inject @entity2690 lead to better compliance, are quicker to inject, dosing is much more accurate, and, surprisingly, are more cost effective. I challenge my colleagues to take full responsibility for what their @entity1 use. If a provider believes in @entity8907 devices, most of his/her @entity1 will use them. The products your @entity1 use is a direct reflection of what you practice. Educating providers to change their beliefs and practices is key to moving American @entity6 @entity1 from syringes to @entity8907 devices.

title: @entity2690 @entity8907 -the "iPod" for @entity2690 delivery (why XXXX wins over syringe).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetes', 'diabetic']

entities_list: @entity4053 :: ('MESH:D007003', 'Disease') :: ['hypoglycemia']

answer: @entity8907 :: (340348,Gene) :: ['pen']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have been implicated in the pathophysiology of various @entity8 , however, there are limited data regarding their role in renal @entity1582 . In the present study, we evaluated the glomerular expression of MMPs in renal-biopsy specimens containing @entity527 . We also examined the association of MMPs with renal function at the time of diagnostic renal biopsy. METHODS: We performed immunohistochemistry with monoclonal antibodies against @entity3334 , @entity1476 , @entity1549 , @entity1495 , and @entity2843 in 19 kidney-biopsy specimens with @entity1582 and 8 specimens from normal kidney tissue. We used clinical data of the @entity1 at the time of kidney biopsy to evaluate the association between MMP expression and renal function. RESULTS: We found increased @entity3334 and @entity1549 expression within the @entity527 and adjacent tissues in > 50% of the amyloid-positive biopsies, whereas @entity3334 and @entity1549 were negative in control samples. In contrast, we found no significant glomerular @entity1476 and @entity2843 expression in amyloid-containing or normal kidneys. @entity1495 expression was found in the glomerular basement membrane equally in @entity1582 and control specimens. The presence of @entity3334 and @entity1549 in the glomeruli of @entity1 with @entity1582 correlated with worse renal function at the time of kidney biopsy. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study show increased glomerular expression of @entity3334 and @entity1549 in @entity1 with @entity1582 which is associated with worse renal function at the time of the kidney biopsy. Our results suggest an important role for @entity3334 and @entity1549 in the pathogenesis of @entity8 in @entity1582 .

title: Glomerular expression of matrix metalloproteinases in XXXX and association with renal function at the time of kidney biopsy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal diseases', 'renal damage']

entities_list: @entity527 :: ('MESH:D058225', 'Disease') :: ['amyloid deposits', 'AL-amyloid deposits']

entities_list: @entity1582 :: ('MESH:D009101', 'Disease') :: ['AL-amyloidosis']

answer: @entity1582 :: (MESH:D009101,Disease) :: ['AL-amyloidosis']


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine if @entity636 regulates Mer @entity669 kinase-positive ( @entity14898 +) cells in @entity796 @entity1036 . METHODS: Interleukin 17 was tested in normal and infected cornea of susceptible C57BL/6 and resistant BALB/c @entity19 . The latter were treated with recombinant @entity19 (rm) @entity636 ; both groups were treated with @entity636 neutralizing antibody. Mice were infected, and clinical score, PCR, ELISA, and @entity10873 ( @entity10873 ) assays tested expression of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory mediators and polymorphonuclear neutrophilic leukocyte (PMN) infiltrate. Fas and @entity9699 ( @entity9699 ) protein levels were assessed in both @entity19 strains, while @entity14898 + cells were examined by immunostaining and cell sorting before and after @entity636 neutralization. RESULTS: The @entity636 mRNA and protein were higher in C57BL/6 versus BALB/c cornea after @entity281 . The rmIL-17 treatment of BALB/c @entity19 modified proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory mediators, but clinical score and @entity10873 assay revealed no differences. However, only BALB/c @entity19 treated with @entity636 neutralizing antibody showed @entity66 , @entity9701 , and @entity10873 levels. Fas and @entity9699 protein levels, elevated earlier in BALB/c versus C57BL/6 @entity19 , correlated with significantly more @entity14898 + cells in BALB/c cornea at 3 days after @entity281 . Neutralization of @entity636 in C57BL/6 @entity19 elevated @entity14898 + cells, while similar treatment of BALB/c @entity19 significantly decreased them. CONCLUSIONS: These data provide evidence that @entity636 expression is higher in C57BL/6 versus BALB/c cornea after @entity281 and that the latter group has more @entity14898 + cells. Exogenous rmIL-17 failed to shift the disease response in resistant @entity19 , but its neutralization resulted in worsened disease and reduced @entity14898 + cells. Neutralization of @entity636 in C57BL/6 @entity19 increased @entity14898 + cells but did not dramatically shift the disease response.

title: Interleukin 17 regulates Mer @entity669 kinase-positive cells in @entity796 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity796 :: ('287', 'Species') :: ['Pseudomonas aeruginosa']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['increased disease']

entities_list: @entity1036 :: ('MESH:D007634', 'Disease') :: ['keratitis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity9701 :: ('20310(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP) 2']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

answer: @entity1036 :: (MESH:D007634,Disease) :: ['keratitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 with @entity46 rarely have a serum @entity10224 concentration >100 IU/mL. A raised plasma level of D-dimer indicates active fibrinolysis, either secondary to clot formation or primarily activated. This condition is seldom diagnosed in @entity1 with @entity46 . CASE REPORT: A 53-year-old @entity1 was referred to our institution for acute @entity490 . Laparoscopic surgery revealed a large @entity42 with @entity397 on the left side. Preoperative laboratory tests detected high serum @entity10224 and D-dimer levels. Adnexectomy was performed, resulting in a sharp decrease in serum @entity10224 and D-dimer concentration. We describe the clinical course of the @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Rupture of a large @entity43 can lead to a high serum concentration of @entity10224 , a condition which, in addition to the detected pelvic mass, may mimic a malignant process. The increased D-dimer plasma level indicated that a ruptured endometriotic cyst can induce coagulation reactions.

title: Elevation of serum @entity10224 and D-dimer levels associated with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'woman', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian endometrioma']

entities_list: @entity42 :: ('MESH:D010048', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cyst']

entities_list: @entity46 :: ('MESH:D004715', 'Disease') :: ['endometriosis']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['rupture of ovarian endometrioma']


abstract: @entity12539 has been present in Zambia since the early years of the 20th century. It is a significant public health problem in Zambia. Domestic @entity235 accounted for 69.7% (1348/1935) of the samples received for rabies diagnosis for the period 1985-2004. Of the 1069 positive cases confirmed by the fluorescent antibody test, 747 (69.9%) were from domestic @entity235 , 139 (13.0%) from @entity291 and 98 (9.2%) from @entity1 . Wildlife samples accounted for 4.5% (87/1935) of the samples tested with the jackal (Canis adustus) being the predominant species. Cases of rabies were highest in Lusaka Province followed by the Copperbelt, Southern and Central Provinces. The monthly distribution of @entity235 rabies showed an average of 2.93 (95% CI 2.59-3.29) @entity235 positive cases per month. The study confirms that rabies is endemic in Zambia and that the domestic @entity235 is the principal maintenance host. The epidemiology and control measures currently used in Zambia are herein discussed highlighting their limitations and successes. Based on the findings obtained from this study we advocate for strengthening the delivery of public health services and that steps must taken to reduce the incidence of rabies in Zambia.

title: XXXX status in Zambia for the period 1985-2004.

answer: @entity12539 :: (MESH:D011818,Disease) :: ['Rabies']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity9451 ( @entity9451 ) play a central role in fibrogenesis associated with @entity1689 . Pancreatic stone protein/regenerating protein ( @entity16127 ) belongs to a family of secretory stress proteins (SSP) that are constitutively synthesized by pancreatic acinar cells and upregulated dramatically during @entity1689 . Assuming a protective role of this stress protein, we investigated its effects on @entity1 @entity9451 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: @entity9451 were obtained by outgrowth from fibrotic @entity1 pancreas tissue. @entity16127 was expressed in the @entity375 @entity10056 and purified from medium supernatants. @entity16127 was added at concentrations of 100 ng/mL to cultured @entity9451 . Cell proliferation was determined by @entity1603 incorporation. @entity9451 migration was assessed by a wound healing assay. Extracellular matrix (collagen type I and fibronectin), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMPs) were demonstrated on protein level. RESULTS: Pancreatic stone protein/regenerating protein inhibited @entity9451 proliferation and migration. Soluble collagen I and fibronectin were reduced after the addition of @entity16127 /reg. @entity16127 /reg slightly decreased the synthesis of @entity3334 and @entity1476 and strongly decreased @entity2843 and @entity1552 concentrations in @entity9451 supernatants. CONCLUSIONS: Our work describes a novel aspect that in vitro @entity16127 /reg reduces @entity9451 activity (proliferation and migration) and stimulates fibrolysis by increasing MMP/ @entity2843 ratio. The findings suggest that @entity16127 /reg might have a protective function in the repair phase of @entity1689 by promoting resolution of @entity82 . We highlight @entity16127 /reg as an antifibrogenic protein in @entity660 .

title: @entity16127 /reg inhibits cultured pancreatic stellate cell and regulates MMP/ XXXX ratio.

entities_list: @entity1603 :: ('MESH:D001973', 'Chemical') :: ['bromodeoxyuridine']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity10056 :: ('4922', 'Species') :: ['Pichia pastoris']

entities_list: @entity1689 :: ('MESH:D050500', 'Disease') :: ['acute and chronic pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity660 :: ('MESH:D010182', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic injury']

entities_list: @entity9451 :: ('MESH:D010195', 'Disease') :: ['PSC', 'Pancreatic stellate cells']

answer: @entity2843 :: (7076,Gene) :: ['TIMP']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the potential of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) to assess angiogenesis in tissue-engineered @entity1494 in a blinded animal study, and compare different analysis approaches and their correlation with microvessel density (MVD). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Constructs fortified with @entity94 ( @entity94 ) for enhanced vascularity were grafted onto the bladder in nine @entity95 . DCE-MRI of @entity7241 uptake was performed and analyzed using Tofts' model, the area under the concentration time curve (AUC), and the uptake slope. DCE-MRI parameters were compared to MVD determined with CD31 immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Significantly increased MVD was found in the high @entity94 group (20 ng/g of tissue) but not at low @entity94 (10 ng/g) (2.3x increase, P = 0.035 vs. 1.1x over control). Enhanced permeability at low @entity94 was suggested by elevated K(trans), but overall correlation to MVD was poor. Significant correlation to MVD was obtained with AUC(8min) (r = 0.705, P = 0.034). Furthermore, AUC(8min) provided the most precise discrimination between different @entity94 preparations and was the only parameter to show a significant increase (P = 0.0058) consistent with MVD changes at high @entity94 . CONCLUSION: Findings support DCE-MRI for evaluating angiogenesis in @entity1494 and suggest vessel changes other than density. Future studies should incorporate larger contrast agents and permeability assessment to devise an optimal DCE-MRI strategy.

title: Dynamic @entity7241 enhanced MRI as a surrogate marker of angiogenesis in tissue-engineered XXXX : a feasibility study in @entity95 .

entities_list: @entity94 :: ('100008899(Tax:9986)', 'Gene') :: ['VEGF', 'vascular endothelial growth factor']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bladder constructs']

answer: @entity1494 :: (MESH:D001745,Disease) :: ['bladder constructs']


abstract: In @entity1 addicts and in animal models, chronic @entity2072 use leads to numerous alterations in glutamatergic transmission, including its receptors. The present study focused on metabotropic glutamatergic receptors type 5 ( @entity10092 ) and @entity1024 receptor subunits (NMDAR: @entity4474 , @entity4476 , @entity4319 ) proteins during @entity2072 self-administration and after 10-day of extinction training in @entity35 . To discriminate the contingent from the non-contingent @entity2072 delivery, we employed the "yoked"-triad control procedure. Protein expression in @entity35 prefrontal cortex, nucleus accumbens, hippocampus, and dorsal striatum was determined. We also examined the Homer1b/c protein, a member of the postsynaptic density protein family that links NMDAR to @entity10092 . Our results revealed that @entity2072 self-administration selectively increased @entity4474 and @entity4476 subunit in the @entity35 hippocampus and dorsal striatum, respectively, while @entity10092 protein expression was similarly increased in the dorsal striatum of both experimental groups. Withdrawal from both contingent and non-contingent @entity2072 delivery induced parallel increases in prefrontal cortical @entity4476 protein expression, hippocampal @entity10092 , and @entity4474 protein expression as well as in accumbal @entity4474 subunit expression, while the @entity10092 expression was reduced in the prefrontal cortex. Extinction training in animals with a history of @entity2072 self-administration resulted in an elevation of the hippocampal @entity4476 / @entity4319 subunits and accumbal @entity10092 , and in a 50  % decrease of @entity10092 protein expression in the dorsal striatum. The latter reduction was associated with Homer1b/1c protein level decrease. Our results showed that both contingent and non-contingent @entity2072 administration produces numerous, brain region specific, alterations in the @entity10092 , @entity143 , and Homer1b/1c protein expression which are dependent on the modality of @entity2072 administration.

title: Withdrawal from @entity2072 Self-administration and Yoked @entity2072 Delivery Dysregulates Glutamatergic mGlu5 and @entity143 Receptors in the XXXX Brain.

entities_list: @entity1024 :: ('CHEBI:31882', 'Chemical') :: ['N-methyl-D-aspartate']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['Rat']


abstract: @entity9583 have become a major health problem for farmed salmonids throughout the world including Chile. In southern Chile, 6 geographical areas, divided into 22 geographical zones with a total of 127 salmon farming centers and 1519 sea pens, were regularly sampled from December 1999 to April 2002. A linear mixed-effects model (LME) approach was used to describe the @entity277 of adult forms of sea lice on 3 salmonid species farmed in southern Chile. The variables fish species, water temperature, water salinity, fish weight, juvenile parasite count, pen shape, treatment status in previous month and the interaction of previous and current month treatments were found to be statistically significant fixed effects for the population sampled. The most susceptible species to @entity9583 was @entity5660 @entity5660 , while the least susceptible species was @entity2322 @entity2322 . Fishes in pens treated in the previous month with @entity23602 were associated with the smallest sea lice count compared to fishes in pens not treated or treated with other products. The variability in @entity9583 in areas and zones within areas was not statistically significant when controlling for the previously mentioned fixed variables. The variability between centers, the within-pen variability, and the interaction between within-pen effect and the date of measurement were statistically significant and not explained by the fixed effects. Potential sources for this variability are discussed. We conclude that the epidemiology of @entity9583 in farmed salmonids in southern Chile is complex and in need of further study.

title: Spatial and temporal variations in sea lice (Copepoda: Caligidae) XXXX of three salmonid species farmed in net pens in southern Chile.

entities_list: @entity23602 :: ('MESH:C019264', 'Chemical') :: ['avermectins']

entities_list: @entity5660 :: ('8022', 'Species') :: ['Oncorhynchus mykiss', 'rainbow trout']

entities_list: @entity2322 :: ('8019', 'Species') :: ['coho salmon', 'O. kisutch']

entities_list: @entity277 :: ('MESH:D013984', 'Disease') :: ['infestations']

entities_list: @entity9583 :: ('MESH:D010373', 'Disease') :: ['Sea lice infestations', 'sea lice infestation', 'sea lice infestations']

answer: @entity277 :: (MESH:D013984,Disease) :: ['infestations']


abstract: The objective of this study is to explore the safety, efficacy, and administration method of the recombinant adenovirus @entity876 gene (rAd- @entity876 , or gendicine) in the treatment of @entity2 from advanced @entity157 ( @entity157 ). @entity2 from @entity157 in 20 @entity1 were treated by using transcatheter bronchial arterial gendicine infusion combined with transcatheter @entity1416 and intratumor injection of gendicine if the maximal diameter of a @entity3 is greater than or equal to 3 cm. Three @entity1 received the combined therapy three times, seven received it twice, and ten received it once. Eighteen @entity1 were followed for 2-12 months after treatment and two @entity1 were lost to follow-up. Spiral computed tomography was performed during follow-up visits to monitor @entity5 progress. Lung @entity3 @entity5 disappeared in four @entity1 and the @entity5 size decreased in six @entity1 , remained unchanged in five, and increased in three @entity1 . Overall, the clinical symptoms were alleviated in 16 @entity1 (88.9%) and were exacerbated in two @entity1 . New metastatic lesions were found in eight @entity1 . There were no serious adverse events except for self-limited fever (38 degrees C-39.5 degrees C), which was found in 16 @entity1 . Transcatheter bronchial arterial gendicine infusion combined with transcatheter @entity1416 , with or without intratumor injection of gendicine, is a safe, effective therapy for the treatment of @entity2 from @entity157 .

title: @entity876 gene therapy for @entity2 from XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['Pulmonary metastasis tumors', 'pulmonary metastasis tumor']

entities_list: @entity1416 :: ('MESH:D020762', 'Disease') :: ['arterial embolization']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'metastatic tumor']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'hepatocellular carcinoma']

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']