abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: To determine associations between @entity850 , measures of plaque burden, and compositional features of @entity2998 , including high-risk features of @entity548 ( @entity548 ) and surface disruption. METHODS: Institutional Review Board approval and informed consent for all @entity1 were obtained before study initiation. @entity1 with either @entity543 >50% by duplex ultrasound or suspected @entity453 underwent multi-contrast carotid MRI at 3.0 T. For each artery, @entity850 , percent wall volume ( @entity122 =100% wall volume/total vessel volume), and @entity121 ( @entity121 ) were measured. Presence or absence of a lipid-rich necrotic core, calcification, @entity548 , and surface disruption were recorded. RESULTS: One hundred eighty-one @entity1 were included in the final analysis. The area under the curve (AUC) calculated from receiver-operating-characteristics analysis found the presence of @entity548 was similarly classified by @entity850 (AUC=0.82), @entity122 (AUC=0.88), and @entity121 (AUC=0.88). Notably, @entity548 was present in the lowest category of each parameter. Prevalence of @entity548 in arteries with 0% @entity850 was 4.4%. In arteries with @entity122 <40%, prevalence was 3.2%; in arteries with @entity121 <1.0 mm, prevalence was 2.3%. Strength of classification for surface disruption was similarly classified by @entity850 (AUC=0.87), @entity122 (AUC=0.93), and @entity121 (AUC=0.94). CONCLUSIONS: Measures of plaque burden do not substantially improve disease assessment compared to @entity850 . The finding of @entity548 in all categories of @entity850 and plaque burden suggests that direct characterization of plaque composition and surface status is necessary to fully discriminate disease severity.

title: Discriminating carotid atherosclerotic lesion severity by luminal XXXX and plaque burden: a comparison utilizing high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging at 3.0 Tesla.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['IPH', 'intraplaque hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity2998 :: ('MESH:D002340', 'Disease') :: ['carotid atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

entities_list: @entity543 :: ('MESH:D016893', 'Disease') :: ['carotid stenosis']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['MWT', 'mean wall thickness']

answer: @entity850 :: (MESH:D003251,Disease) :: ['stenosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The Society for Academic Emergency Medicine (SAEM) Geriatric Emergency Medicine Task Force recommends assessment of @entity933 for all elderly @entity341 ( @entity341 ) @entity1 . Little is known about emergency physicians' (EPs) opinions regarding care of delirious elderly @entity1 . We sought to determine the knowledge and practice experience of members of the Thai Association for Emergency Medicine regarding the care of delirious elderly @entity341 @entity1 . METHODS: We surveyed all Thai emergency physicians from July to September 2013 using a brief online survey as this does not include any non-trained physician working in the private/provincial/community EDs, still a significant part of the @entity341 workforce in Thailand. RESULTS: We had a response rate of 50% (239/474) of which 95% (228/239) completed the survey. Respondents largely reported that <10% of their @entity1 experience @entity933 . Eighty-five percent of the respondents recognized @entity933 as a problem that required active intervention, and 76% of the respondents thought it was underdiagnosed in the @entity341 . Only 24% of the respondents reported routinely screening @entity933 in the @entity341 and 16% reported using a specific screening tool for @entity933 assessment. Forty-two percent of the respondents reported treating @entity933 with a long acting @entity1245 and 29% reported using @entity1767 . Forty percent of respondents thought that oversedation was the most common complication associated with drug treatment of @entity933 . CONCLUSIONS: Basic knowledge and perceptions surrounding the recognition, diagnosis, and treatment of @entity933 in elderly @entity341 @entity1 by Thai EPs vary. Most of the Thai EPs consider @entity933 in the @entity341 an @entity341 , while far fewer screen for this condition. Future research and quality improvement should determine which single screening tool is appropriate for EPs in regular practice as well as how to standardize @entity933 management in the @entity341 .

title: Knowledge and practices of Thai emergency physicians regarding the care of delirious elderly XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['emergency condition', 'emergency department', 'ED']

entities_list: @entity1245 :: ('MESH:D001569', 'Chemical') :: ['benzodiazepine']

entities_list: @entity1767 :: ('MESH:D006220', 'Chemical') :: ['haloperidol']

entities_list: @entity933 :: ('MESH:D003693', 'Disease') :: ['delirium']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The interrelations between @entity1252 ( @entity1252 ) and pregnancy are reason for debate. @entity1 with @entity1252 may present @entity1701 ( @entity1701 ), anti-Ro (a-Ro) or anti-La (a-La) with their influence in pregnancy not being well defined. METHODS: The pregnancies in a series of 96 fertile age @entity1 with @entity1252 , followed during the period of 1975-1991 with a mean follow up of 6.2 years were studied. The spontaneous or provoked abortions, prematurity and the number of flares of the disease during pregnancy and during the year after birth were analyzed. The number of flares was compared with that presented by a control group of @entity1 with @entity1252 of similar clinical features followed over the same time period. RESULTS: Twenty-seven @entity1 had 35 pregnancies with 23 full term pregnancies, 5 spontaneous abortions and 7 provoked abortions. Twenty-six percent of the deliveries were premature. One or two flares related with 43% of the pregnancies with viable fetus (11 flares in total) were registered. The number of flares in the control group was 6%. The difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.55) but the relative risk was of 1.6. No relation was found between the presence of @entity1701 , a-Ro and a-La and the course of the pregnancy. No case of lupus neonatorum was observed. CONCLUSIONS: Pregnancy is not advised in @entity1 with @entity1252 in remission. @entity1 should be more frequently controlled during pregnancy and post partum. The presence of @entity1701 or anti-Ro does not modifies the prognosis.

title: [Pregnancy and XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1252 :: ('MESH:D008180', 'Disease') :: ['SLE', 'systemic lupus erythematosus']

entities_list: @entity1701 :: ('MESH:D016736', 'Disease') :: ['APL', 'antiphospholipid antibodies']

answer: @entity1252 :: (MESH:D008180,Disease) :: ['systemic lupus erythematosus']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Cholinesterase inhibitors are used to treat mild to moderate @entity195 . Their role in @entity1 with concurrent @entity66 has been less well studied, and the influence of vascular risk factors on response to treatment is uncertain. We investigated the effect of @entity101 and @entity62 ( @entity62 ) on response. METHODS: A retrospective sample of 160 consecutive out- @entity1 who had blood pressure measured and the presence or absence of @entity62 recorded at baseline and who completed six months treatment with a cholinesterase inhibitor was studied. Subjects scored either zero or one on the Modified Hachinski Ischaemic Scale. Subjects were assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Digit Symbol Substitution test (DSST) and both the Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) and Social Behaviour (SB) sub-scales of the Nurses Observation Scale for Geriatric @entity1 (NOSGER). RESULTS: 43.9% of the total study population were classified as good responders using our criteria. Neither the presence of @entity101 nor the presence of @entity62 alone influenced outcome. However, there was a statistically significant interaction between blood pressure and @entity62 on outcome variables on multiple analysis of variance (MANOVA) (F(4, 139) = 5.60, p < 0.0005). Subjects with both @entity101 and @entity62 deteriorate to a significantly greater extent in IADL and SB scores than any other group (p < 0.05 in each case). This effect could not be explained by age or by smoking status. CONCLUSION: Our results support the hypothesis that there is an interaction between @entity101 and @entity62 that adversely influences functional change during cholinesterase inhibitor treatment. Our results are a contrast to suggestions that subjects with @entity455 show a better response to cholinesterase inhibitors. We recommend careful exploration of factors that may influence outcome.

title: @entity101 , white matter change and response to cholinesterase inhibitors in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular disease']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['cerebrovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["Alzheimer's disease"]

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['white matter lesions', 'WML']

answer: @entity195 :: (MESH:D000544,Disease) :: ['Alzheimer's disease']


abstract: The establishment of cell polarity was examined in the budding @entity375 , @entity375 . The distribution of a polarized protein, the @entity42061 protein, was followed throughout the @entity375 cell cycle using synchronized cells and cdc mutants. The @entity42061 protein localizes to a patch at the presumptive bud site of G1 cells. Later it concentrates at the bud tip in budded cells. At cytokinesis, the @entity42061 protein is at the neck between the mother and daughter cells. Analysis of unbudded haploid cells has suggested a series of events that occurs during G1. The @entity42061 patch is established very early in G1, while the spindle pole body residues on the distal side of the nucleus. Later, microtubules emanating from the spindle pole body intersect the @entity42061 crescent, and the nucleus probably rotates towards the @entity42061 patch. By middle G1, most cells contain the SPB on the side of the nucleus proximal to the @entity42061 patch, and a long extranuclear microtubule bundle intersects this patch. We suggest that a microtubule capture site exists in the @entity42061 staining region that stabilizes the long microtubule bundle; this capture site may be responsible for rotation of the nucleus. Cells containing a polarized distribution of the @entity42061 protein also possess a polarized distribution of actin spots in the same region, although the actin staining is much more diffuse. Moreover, @entity33665 mutants, which form multiple buds at the restrictive temperature, exhibit simultaneous staining of the @entity42061 protein and actin spots in a subset of the bud tips. @entity42061 mutants contain a polarized distribution of actin spots, and act1-1 and act1-2 mutants often contain a polarized distribution of the @entity42061 protein suggesting that the @entity42061 protein is not required for localization of the actin spots and the actin spots are not required for localization of the @entity42061 protein. @entity16791 mutants, which fail to form buds at the restrictive temperature, fail to exhibit polarized localization of the @entity42061 protein and actin spots, indicating that the @entity16791 protein is directly or indirectly responsible for controlling the polarity of these proteins. Based on the cell cycle distribution of the @entity42061 protein, a "cytokinesis tag" model is proposed to explain the mechanism of the non-random positioning of bud sites in haploid @entity375 cells.

title: Studies concerning the temporal and genetic control of cell polarity in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity375 :: ('4932', 'Species') :: ['yeast', 'S. cerevisiae']

answer: @entity375 :: (4932,Species) :: ['Saccharomyces cerevisiae']


abstract: PURPOSE: This study was conducted to determine the clinical significance of serum M30 and M65 in @entity43 ( @entity43 ). METHODS: A total of 56 @entity1 with @entity43 and 56 healthy @entity1 were included in the study. All of the @entity1 received @entity902 -based chemotherapy. Pretreatment levels of M30 and M65 were measured using the quantitative ELISA method. RESULTS: The median M30 and M65 serum levels were significantly elevated in the @entity43 @entity1 compared with the healthy controls (96.7 vs. 69.5, p  =  0.028 and 436.4 versus 166.3, p  <  0.001, respectively). The cut-off value of 423.4  U/L for M65 determined with ROC analysis, predicted progression with 75.1  % sensitivity and 65.6  % specificity (AUC  =  0.708, p  =  0.008). @entity1 with higher M65 levels had shorter progression-free survival (PFS) (p  =  0.021). Both M30 and M65 serum levels were significantly higher for serous-type histology (p  =  0.001 and p  <  0.001, respectively). Increased M65 serum levels were associated with @entity1442 (p  =  0.005) and higher grade (p  =  0.005). Moreover, M65 levels were higher for chemotherapy-resistant @entity1 (p  =  0.04). Multivariate analysis revealed that an elevated serum M65 level was the only significant independent prognostic factor (p  =  0.039, HR 3.792). CONCLUSIONS: These results indicated that serum M30 and M65 levels were significantly elevated in @entity1 with @entity43 compared with healthy @entity1 . Particularly, high serum M65 levels were associated with poor prognosis and resistance to @entity902 -based chemotherapy.

title: A high serum level of M65 is associated with tumour aggressiveness and an unfavourable prognosis for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['EOC', 'epithelial ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity1442 :: ('MESH:D020178', 'Disease') :: ['advanced disease']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['platinum']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['epithelial ovarian cancer']


abstract: Cell kinetic parameters were determined in 32 @entity1 with @entity0 following intravenous @entity665 injection. The mean @entity894 ( @entity894 ) was 8.6, range 1.2 to 24.1. The @entity894 increased significantly with @entity5 . The highest values were noted in @entity1 with chest wall metastases with a mean @entity894 of 15.9. In one @entity1 with multiple discrete @entity5 foci, the larger foci had significantly decreased @entity894 consistent with classic cytokinetic theory. The intralesional variation in @entity894 was measured in 31 lesions. The average variation of @entity894 /lesion was 1.2. Therefore, three samples should provide a representative @entity894 . The interlesional @entity894 was compared by taking multiple samples of two or three lesions per @entity1 in seven @entity1 . For each @entity1 , there was little variation in mean @entity894 from lesion to lesion. The data suggest that higher @entity894 are associated with a poorer prognosis. Among @entity1 with advanced T4 or @entity3 , the median survivals for @entity1 with @entity894 less than 8 and greater than or equal to 8 were 79 weeks and 21 weeks, respectively. For @entity1 with @entity3 , the survivals were 56 and 9 weeks, respectively. The @entity5 growth fraction analyzed in one @entity1 was 40%. In summary, the growth rate of this @entity5 in an individual @entity1 is relatively homogeneous and @entity894 may provide important prognostic information. Further studies are required to establish the value of @entity894 in the staging and treatment of @entity0 .

title: The cell cycle kinetics of XXXX @entity0 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity894 :: ('MESH:C566784', 'Disease') :: ['labelling index', 'LI']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'increased stage of disease', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity665 :: ('CHEBI:53526', 'Chemical') :: ['[3H]thymidine']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic disease']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to investigate the changes in regional distensibility of the @entity63 segment and of a remote nonischemic segment brought about by graded @entity741 . BACKGROUND: Ventricular distensibility is a major determinant of left ventricular end-diastolic pressure. The effects of graded @entity741 on the regional distensibility of the @entity63 area have not been studied. Moreover, there are few data on the effects of @entity741 on the regional distensibility of the nonischemic myocardium. METHODS: Nine anesthetized open chest mongrel @entity235 were fitted with instruments to measure left ventricular pressure and circumferential length (sonomicrometry) in the @entity63 segment and in a nonischemic segment. The pressure-length relation was modified by stepwise infusion and withdrawal of 200 ml of each @entity235 's own blood over 30 min in five consecutive stages of regional @entity63 . Unstressed dimensions were obtained by repeated inferior vena cava occlusions. In both segments, regional distensibility was assessed at end-diastole by means of the constants of the pressure-length (chamber stiffness), the pressure-strain and the force-strain ( @entity296 ) relations. RESULTS: In the @entity63 segment, partial and complete coronary occlusions were associated with a twofold increase in the chamber stiffness constant, the pressure-strain constant and the @entity296 constant, whereas in the nonischemic segment the chamber stiffness constant, the pressure-strain constant and the @entity296 constant increased by 50%. CONCLUSIONS: Regional @entity741 is associated with a decrease in distensibility of both the @entity63 and the remote nonischemic myocardium.

title: Graded @entity741 is associated with a decrease in diastolic distensibility of the remote nonischemic myocardium in the anesthetized XXXX .

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial stiffness']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial ischemia']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia', 'ischemic']

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['dog']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1457 proteins (HSPs) in cells, as molecular chaperons, have been reported to regulate cell functions. The objective of this study was to investigate the HSP expression in polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNLs) from severe septic @entity1 and the relation between the expression of HSPs and PMNL function. METHODS: In blood samples from 21 @entity1 with @entity295 and serum @entity1851 levels more than 10 mg/dL, we used flow cytometry to measure expressions of @entity2284 , @entity11217 , @entity2285 , and @entity4041 ; oxidative activity; and levels of apoptosis in PMNLs during @entity295 . In in vitro studies, we used cells from 14 healthy volunteers to examine the relation between the expression of @entity2285 and PMNL function. @entity3092 (30 microM), a suppressor of HSP, and @entity7249 (100 microM), an inducer of HSP, were used to regulate the expression of @entity2285 in PMNLs, and oxidative activity and apoptosis in these cells were measured. RESULTS: In @entity1 with @entity295 , the expressions of @entity2284 , @entity11217 , @entity2285 , and @entity4041 and oxidative activity in PMNLs were significantly increased. Apoptosis of these PMNLs was markedly inhibited. In the in vitro studies, administration of @entity7249 enhanced the expression of @entity2285 , significantly increased oxidative activity, and inhibited apoptosis. Administration of @entity3092 before @entity7249 prevented the expression of @entity2285 , the increase in oxidative activity, and the inhibition of apoptosis. CONCLUSION: @entity295 causes the enhanced expression of HSPs in activated PMNLs. In PMNLs with enhanced expression of @entity2285 , oxidative activity is increased and apoptosis is inhibited. The enhanced expression of HSPs may play a role in regulating PMNL function in @entity1 with @entity295 .

title: Enhanced expression of XXXX proteins in activated polymorphonuclear leukocytes in @entity1 with @entity295 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['sepsis', 'Sepsis']

entities_list: @entity1457 :: ('MESH:D012769', 'Disease') :: ['Heat shock']

entities_list: @entity3092 :: ('MESH:D011794', 'Chemical') :: ['quercetin', 'Quercetin']

entities_list: @entity7249 :: ('MESH:C017947', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium arsenite']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

answer: @entity1457 :: (MESH:D012769,Disease) :: ['heat shock']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We recently published results of a phase III trial demonstrating superior outcomes in @entity1 with locally advanced @entity5 (LACC) when concurrent @entity900 chemoradiotherapy is supplemented with concurrent @entity136 and adjuvant @entity136 / @entity900 . We present prognostic and predictive factors identified in that study, along with analyses of the effect of disease stage and post-study therapy. @entity1 AND METHODS: In that trial, 515 @entity1 with stage IIB-IVA LACC were administered concurrent @entity900 chemoradiotherapy with or without @entity136 and adjuvant @entity136 / @entity900 . Cox models were used to identify prognostic and predictive factors. Survival was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS: Advanced (stage III-IVA) disease, squamous histology, low hemoglobin, the presence of >= 1 enlarged para-aortic lymph nodes, and large @entity5 size, were associated with poorer prognosis, regardless of treatment assigned. @entity5 size and histology were predictive of treatment efficacy. Chemoradiotherapy supplemented with @entity136 produced relatively greater benefit in @entity1 with @entity5 . Post-study therapy did not appear to affect the overall survival outcome. CONCLUSION: Prognostic factors identified in this study are consistent with other reports. The finding of relatively greater benefit in advanced-stage @entity1 makes for an important factor in consideration of treatment for these @entity1 and the design of future studies.

title: Efficacy in high burden locally advanced @entity5 with concurrent @entity136 and XXXX chemoradiotherapy plus adjuvant @entity136 and @entity900 : prognostic and predictive factors and the impact of disease stage on outcomes from a prospective randomized phase III trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['gemcitabine']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor', 'cervical cancer', 'stage III/IVA disease']

answer: @entity900 :: (MESH:D002945,Chemical) :: ['cisplatin']


abstract: BACKGROUND:: Outbreaks of invasive Kingella kingae infections recently emerged as a new public health concern in daycare centers in Europe, USA and Israel. Despite this, no trigger factor has been yet identified, preventing the setting up of rational measures of control and prevention. We report an outbreak of K. kingae infections associated with hand, foot @entity3137 / @entity5826 outbreak, and we define the research and policy priorities. METHODS:: From April 22 to May 07, 2013, 5 toddlers presented @entity281 in a daycare center in Marseille, France. Real-time polymerase chain reaction targeting the @entity11217 gene of K. kingae was used to investigate suspected cases and the prevalence of oropharyngeal K. kingae carriage of their close contacts. RESULTS:: The attack rate of the K. kingae infections outbreak was 23.7% (5/21) with no fatality. Positive real-time polymerase chain reaction targeting the @entity11217 gene of K. kingae confirmed the diagnosis in 3 cases and revealed a rate of K. kingae oropharynx carriage in the index classroom of 94.4% (17/18) among daycare attendees not given antibiotic during the previous month, and of 76.9% (10/13) among staff in close contact. The eradication rate of K. kingae was 21.4% (3/14) among classmates after oral administration of rifampicin, and eradication occurred spontaneously in 83.3% (5/6) of the staff. Clinical and epidemiological features of the @entity5826 outbreak were consistent with that of an emerging European Coxsackievirus-A6 outbreak. CONCLUSIONS:: Hand, foot @entity1800 outbreak enables triggering a K. kingae infections outbreak. Our findings offer support for new guidelines of K. kingae infections outbreaks management and emphasize the need for further research.

title: An @entity281 Associated with Hand, Foot and Mouth XXXX Outbreak in Marseille, France, 2013.

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['successive osteo-articular infections']

entities_list: @entity1800 :: ('MESH:D014777', 'Disease') :: ['and mouth disease/herpangina virus']

entities_list: @entity3137 :: ('MESH:D009059', 'Disease') :: ['and mouth disease']

entities_list: @entity5826 :: ('MESH:D006557', 'Disease') :: ['herpangina']

answer: @entity1800 :: (MESH:D014777,Disease) :: ['Disease/Herpangina Virus']


abstract: The @entity161 medication study conducted as part of the Clinical Antipsychotic Trials of Intervention Effectiveness (CATIE) provided a large quantity of data. However, placing these data into a clinically meaningful context for the individual practitioner has been challenging. Effectiveness and safety outcome data were extracted from the three principal publications that documented the results of phases 1 and 2 of the CATIE @entity161 study. Number needed to treat (NNT) and number needed to harm (NNH) were calculated from the categorical results, together with their confidence intervals. @entity1037 and @entity1088 demonstrated advantages over comparators in terms of all-cause discontinuation, largely driven by efficacy advantages. NNT for @entity1037 compared with @entity21886 , @entity1089 , @entity1090 and @entity1280 ranged from 5.5 to 10.1 in phase 1. NNT for @entity1088 compared with @entity1090 or @entity1089 was approximately 3 in phase 2. There were marked differences in association with @entity1017 and metabolic effects, with @entity1037 demonstrating a NNH ranging from 12.4 to 17.7 in terms of discontinuation of treatment in phase 1 because of these effects. Results from phase 2 reflect phase 1 in this regard, and demonstrated an advantage for @entity1280 in terms of discontinuation because of @entity1017 or metabolic effects, with NNT ranging from 10.6 to 20.8. However, these notable differences in association with @entity1017 and metabolic effects did not seem to drive the differences in overall time to all-cause discontinuation. NNT and @entity15852 can help place the wide array of CATIE results into clinical context, and permits quantification of the differences observed between the antipsychotics that were tested.

title: XXXX , Clinical Antipsychotic Trials of Intervention Effectiveness (CATIE) and number needed to treat: how can CATIE inform clinicians?

entities_list: @entity1088 :: ('MESH:D003024', 'Chemical') :: ['clozapine']

entities_list: @entity21886 :: ('MESH:D010546', 'Chemical') :: ['perphenazine']

entities_list: @entity1280 :: ('MESH:C092292', 'Chemical') :: ['ziprasidone']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['weight gain']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity1037 :: ('MESH:C076029', 'Chemical') :: ['Olanzapine', 'olanzapine']

entities_list: @entity1089 :: ('MESH:C069541', 'Chemical') :: ['quetiapine']

entities_list: @entity1090 :: ('MESH:D018967', 'Chemical') :: ['risperidone']

answer: @entity161 :: (MESH:D012559,Disease) :: ['Schizophrenia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship of negative emotions with suicidal ideation during 12 weeks of Problem Adaptation Therapy (PATH) versus Supportive Therapy of Cognitively Impaired Older Adults (ST-CI), hypothesizing that improved negative emotions are associated with reduced suicidal ideation, PATH improves negative emotions more than ST-CI, and improved negative emotions, rather than other @entity308 symptoms, predict reduction in suicidal ideation. METHODS: In a randomized controlled trial of two home-delivered psychosocial interventions, 74 older @entity1 (65-95 years old) with major @entity308 and @entity73 were recruited in collaboration with community agencies. The sample reported less intense feelings than suicidal intention. Interventions and assessments were conducted in @entity1 ' homes. PATH focuses on improving emotion regulation, whereas ST-CI focuses on nonspecific therapeutic factors, such as understanding and empathy. Improved negative emotions were measured as improvement in Montgomery Asberg's Depression Rating Scales' (MADRS) observer ratings of sadness, @entity148 , guilt, hopelessness, and @entity4270 . Suicidal ideation was assessed with the MADRS Suicide Item. RESULTS: MADRS Negative Emotions scores were significantly associated with suicidal ideation during the course of treatment (F[1,165]   =   12.73, p   =   0.0005). PATH @entity1 had significantly greater improvement in MADRS emotions than ST-CI @entity1 (treatment group by time: F[1,63.2]   =   7.02, p   =   0.0102). Finally, improved negative emotions, between lagged and follow-up interview, significantly predicted reduction in suicidal ideation at follow-up interview (F[1, 96]   =   9.95, p   =   0.0022). CONCLUSION: Findings thatimprovement in negative emotions mediates reduction in suicidal ideation may guide the development of psychosocial interventions for reduction of suicidal ideation (clinicaltrials.gov; NCT00368940).

title: Negative Emotions and Suicidal Ideation during Psychosocial Treatments in Older Adults with @entity308 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive disorder', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment']

entities_list: @entity4270 :: ('MESH:D059445', 'Disease') :: ['anhedonia']

answer: @entity73 :: (MESH:D003072,Disease) :: ['Cognitive Impairment']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 6036 Background: Guidelines for LN-, ER+ adjuvant therapy stratify @entity1 into risk categories to optimize decisions concerning adjuvant CT use. A 21 gene RT-PCR assay, Oncotype DX(   ) Recurrence Score (RS), has been prospectively validated as a predictor of distant recurrence-free survival (DRFS) in the NSABP B-14 study of 668 evaluable LN-, ER+ @entity1 receiving @entity440 (Paik et al, SABCS 2003). The economic impact of using the RS to guide CT decision-making has not been assessed. METHODS: The primary analysis was between (1) No RS Testing and CT if high risk based on NCCN criteria versus (2) RS Testing and CT based on Recurrence Score estimates of 10 yr DRFS. Using estimates of CT efficacy from NSABP B-20, and @entity5 care costs from CMS and literature, we calculated marginal (added) costs ( ), efficacy (life-yrs) and cost-effectiveness (C/E; cost per life-yr gained). RESULTS: Using NCCN criteria, 53 pts (8%) of the 668 pts would be classified as low risk with a 10-yr DRFS of 0.93 (95% CI, 0.86, 1.00). 28% of low risk @entity1 by NCCN criteria would be reclassified to moderate or high risk by the RS. For low risk @entity1 currently not receiving CT, recommending CT based on the Recurrence Score is predicted to increase mean 10-yr DRFS by 0.25 yrs. Using the Recurrence Score as a continuous function to identify the high-risk @entity1 by NCCN that would be reclassified as lower risk, various RS cut-off points were evaluated. For example, model comparisons of treatment based on NCCN criteria versus RS criteria (e.g., RS<10) provide estimates of marginal costs:  1716; effectiveness: 0.6 year; and C/E:  3102/life-yr gained. For pts reclassified by RS as low risk, foregoing CT is also predicted to result in improved quality-adjusted survival. CONCLUSIONS: The Recurrence Score assay is a valid prognostic tool in selecting @entity1 for more effective and C/E treatment strategies. The C/E of the RS assay for targeting the addition of adjuvant CT in LN-, ER+ @entity0 is well within accepted ranges for healthcare technologies. [Table: see text].

title: Economic analysis of targeting chemotherapy (CT) using a 21 gene RT-PCR assay in lymph node negative (LN-), estrogen receptor positive (ER+) XXXX ( @entity0 ).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity440 :: ('MESH:D013629', 'Chemical') :: ['tamoxifen']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['early-stage breast cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity410 occur in 10% of @entity64 @entity1 , but their predictors have not been clearly identified. Pre-existing @entity303 is present in 12-16% of @entity64 @entity1 and, at the community level, @entity1 with @entity303 have increased risk of @entity410 . However, the question of whether pre-existing @entity303 is associated with a higher risk of @entity410 after @entity64 has never been studied. AIM: To evaluate whether pre-existing @entity303 is associated with an increased risk of @entity410 after @entity64 . METHODS: The study was conducted on 202 consecutive @entity64 @entity1 recruited to the @entity64 / @entity303 study (97 @entity1 ; median age, 75 years; range, 42-100). Pre- @entity64 cognitive functions were evaluated using the Informant Questionnaire on @entity73 in the Elderly, with a cutoff value of 104 for the diagnosis of @entity303 . @entity410 were defined as @entity410 when occurring within seven days of @entity64 onset, and as late @entity410 when occurring more than seven days after @entity64 . RESULTS: Of 202 @entity1 , 33 (16.3%) met the criteria for pre-existing @entity303 , and 11 (5.4%) developed @entity410 . During 289 @entity1 -years of follow up, 14 @entity1 developed late @entity410 , resulting in an incidence rate of 4.8 new cases/100 @entity1 -years. Pre-existing @entity303 was not associated with the occurrence of @entity410 , but was independently associated with the occurrence of late @entity410 (adjusted odds ratio, 4.66; 95% confidence interval, 1.34 to 16.21). CONCLUSION: @entity64 @entity1 with pre-existing @entity303 have an increased risk of late @entity410 . Any factor increasing the risk of @entity410 (drugs, metabolic changes) should be avoided in these @entity1 .

title: Influence of pre-existing @entity303 on the risk of post- XXXX epileptic seizures.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'person', 'men']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['Seizures', 'seizures', 'early seizures']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'Stroke', 'Lille stroke']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['Cognitive Decline']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['stroke']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Small studies have suggested that @entity2101 ( @entity2101 ) is superior to moderate continuous training (MCT) in reversing cardiac remodeling and increasing aerobic capacity in @entity1 with @entity712 with reduced ejection fraction. The present multicenter trial compared 12 weeks of supervised interventions of @entity2101 , MCT, or a recommendation of regular exercise (RRE). METHODS: Two hundred sixty-one @entity1 with left ventricular ejection fraction <= 35% and New York Heart Association class II to III were randomly assigned to @entity2101 at 90% to 95% of maximal heart rate, MCT at 60% to 70% of maximal heart rate, or RRE. Thereafter, @entity1 were encouraged to continue exercising on their own. Clinical assessments were performed at baseline, after the intervention, and at follow-up after 52 weeks. Primary end point was a between-group comparison of change in left ventricular end-diastolic diameter from baseline to 12 weeks. RESULTS: Groups did not differ in age (median, 60 years), sex (19% @entity1 ), @entity63 pathogenesis (59%), or medication. Change in left ventricular end-diastolic diameter from baseline to 12 weeks was not different between @entity2101 and MCT (P=0.45); left ventricular end-diastolic diameter changes compared with RRE were -2.8 mm (-5.2 to -0.4 mm; P=0.02) in @entity2101 and -1.2 mm (-3.6 to 1.2 mm; P=0.34) in MCT. There was also no difference between @entity2101 and MCT in peak @entity26 uptake (P=0.70), but both were superior to RRE. However, none of these changes was maintained at follow-up after 52 weeks. Serious adverse events were not statistically different during supervised intervention or at follow-up at 52 weeks ( @entity2101 , 39%; MCT, 25%; RRE, 34%; P=0.16). Training records showed that 51% of @entity1 exercised below prescribed target during supervised @entity2101 and 80% above target in MCT. CONCLUSIONS: @entity2101 was not superior to MCT in changing left ventricular remodeling or aerobic capacity, and its feasibility remains unresolved in @entity1 with @entity712 . CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00917046.

title: High-Intensity Interval Training in @entity1 With XXXX With Reduced Ejection Fraction.

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity2101 :: ('MESH:C538394', 'Disease') :: ['HIIT', 'high-intensity interval training']

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['Heart Failure']


abstract: BACKGROUND: High-dose chemotherapy followed by autologous bone marrow transplantation is a therapeutic option for @entity1 with chemotherapy-sensitive @entity1893 who have relapses. In this report we describe a prospective randomized study of such treatment. METHOD: A total of 215 @entity1 with relapses of @entity1893 were treated between July 1987 and June 1994. All @entity1 received two courses of conventional chemotherapy. The 109 @entity1 who had a response to chemotherapy were randomly assigned to receive four courses of chemotherapy plus radiotherapy (54 @entity1 ) or radiotherapy plus intensive chemotherapy and autologous bone marrow transplantation (55 @entity1 ). RESULTS: The overall rate of response to conventional chemotherapy was 58 percent; among @entity1 with relapses after chemotherapy, the response rate was 64 percent, and among those with relapses during chemotherapy, the response rate was 21 percent. There were three deaths from toxic effects among the @entity1 in the transplantation group, and none among those in the group receiving chemotherapy without transplantation. The two groups did not differ in terms of prognostic factors. The median follow-up time was 63 months. The response rate was 84 percent after bone marrow transplantation and 44 percent after chemotherapy without transplantation. At five years, the rate of event-free survival was 46 percent in the transplantation group and 12 percent in the group receiving chemotherapy without transplantation (P = 0.001), and the rate of overall survival was 53 and 32 percent, respectively (P = 0.038). CONCLUSIONS: As compared with conventional chemotherapy, treatment with high-dose chemotherapy and autologous bone marrow transplantation increases event-free and overall survival in @entity1 with chemotherapy-sensitive @entity1893 in relapse.

title: Autologous bone marrow transplantation as compared with salvage chemotherapy in relapses of chemotherapy-sensitive XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ["non-Hodgkin's lymphoma"]

answer: @entity1893 :: (MESH:D008228,Disease) :: ['non-Hodgkin's lymphoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To investigate the relationships between freezing of gait ( @entity6556 ) and activity limitations in ambulant @entity1 with @entity191 ( @entity191 ), and to explore the contribution of @entity6556 and gait @entity2845 to activity limitations after adjusting for the effects of disease severity. DESIGN: Retrospective, cross-sectional design. SETTING: @entity1 were recruited from neurologists' clinics and the general public in metropolitan Melbourne, Australia. @entity1 : Volunteers were screened for eligibility using the following inclusion criteria: diagnosis of idiopathic @entity191 , modified Hoehn and Yahr stages 0 to IV, without @entity303 . @entity1 (N=210) were tested (mean age    SD, 67.9  9.6y; mean @entity191 duration    SD, 6.7  5.6y; median Hoehn and Yahr stage=2.5). INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: @entity6556 was measured using the @entity6556 questionnaire. Gait @entity2845 was quantified using both the 6-meter walk test and the Timed Up and Go test. Activity limitation was measured using the modified Unified @entity191 Rating Scale activities of daily living (ADL) section and the Schwab and England ADL scale. RESULTS: Severity of gait freezing correlated significantly with the level of activity limitation (Spearman correlation coefficient,   =-.49 to .48; P<.001). A hierarchic regression model showed that disease severity explained 37.5% of the variance in Schwab and England ADL score (P<.001). Gait @entity2845 and @entity6556 severity scores explained an additional 9.1% of the variance in activity limitation (R(2) change=.091; P<.001). CONCLUSIONS: @entity6556 severity and gait @entity2845 were associated with reduced levels of activity after adjusting for disease severity.

title: Freezing of gait and activity limitations in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Participants', 'PARTICIPANTS', 'people']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease", "Parkinson's Disease", 'PD']

entities_list: @entity2845 :: ('MESH:D018476', 'Disease') :: ['hypokinesia']

answer: @entity191 :: (MESH:D010300,Disease) :: ['Parkinson's disease']


abstract: @entity6599 were subjected to treatment with @entity5532 (DF), a strong @entity68 -chelating agent, to inhibit the @entity68 -dependent production of @entity3787 radicals. Studies were then done to determine if this would result in a reduction in the size of @entity583 . @entity6599 underwent occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery for 2 hr followed by reperfusion for the next 22 hr. A treated group (n = 4) received a 2-hr preischemic intravenous infusion of DF (10 mg/kg/hr). This infusion continued throughout the ischemic phase and 2 hr into the reperfusion phase. A control group (n = 8) underwent the identical protocol minus the DF infusion. At the end of the reperfusion period, the hearts were sectioned and stained for histological examination. The treated animals had a 22% larger volume of @entity1188 compared with those of the controls (P = 0.06). There was no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05) in hemodynamic or epicardial ST segment measurements between the two groups. In this primate model, there was no myocardial protection afforded by DF. @entity6599 are similar to @entity1 in that both have minimal collateral circulation. In the literature, DF has been noted to actually contribute to the production of free radicals in certain circumstances. This experiment appears to indicate that caution should be exercised in the use of DF in the treatment of @entity63 -reperfusion injury of the heart.

title: Failure of @entity5532 to reduce XXXX size in a primate model of @entity63 -reperfusion injury.

entities_list: @entity5532 :: ('MESH:D003676', 'Chemical') :: ['deferoxamine']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity3787 :: ('MESH:D017665', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxyl']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarct']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarct']


abstract: MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNA molecules that are important regulators of gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. miRNAs impact the processes of cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. Thus, the regulation of miRNA expression profiles associated with @entity1271 will be conducive for its control. In this study, @entity794 ( @entity794 ) was administered to the mammary gland of Chinese Holstein @entity291 to construct a bacteria-type @entity1271 model. Total RNA was isolated from @entity291 mammary gland tissue samples from the @entity794 -induced @entity1271 group and controls. miRNAs were analyzed using Solexa sequencing and bioinformatics processing for the experimental group and control group. Two miRNA libraries were constructed respectively. A total of 370 known @entity291 miRNAs and 341 novel mi RNAs were detected for the @entity794 and 358 known @entity291 miRNAs and 232 novel miRNAs for control groups. A total of 77 miRNAs in the @entity794 group showed significant differences compared to the control group. @entity74 ( @entity74 ) analysis showed these target genes were involved in the regulation of cells, binding, etc., while KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) analysis showed that these genes were enriched in endocytosis, and olfactory transduction pathways involved in @entity5 . These results provide an experimental basis to reveal the cause and regulatory mechanism of @entity1271 and also suggest the potential of miRNAs to serve as biomarkers for the diagnosis of @entity1271 in dairy @entity291 .

title: Transcriptome MicroRNA Profiling of @entity291 Mammary Glands Infected with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus', 'S. aureus']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['GO', 'Gene Ontology']

answer: @entity794 :: (1280,Species) :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']


abstract: The long-term effect of radiotherapy and @entity2847 treatment was retrospectively evaluated in 25 @entity1 who had previously undergone transsphenoidal surgery for treatment of @entity2013 . Surgery had reduced the median serum @entity4090 ( @entity4090 ) value from 613 micrograms/l, a reduction of 53%. Postoperative @entity2847 was administered to 21 of the 25 @entity1 . In 14 of these patients, serum @entity4090 values became normal or almost normal with medication. There were no radiological or ophthalmological signs of progressive @entity5 growth during @entity2847 treatment. Fourteen @entity1 received postoperative radiotherapy. After withdrawal of @entity2847 in 13 of these @entity1 an average of 7 years after radiotherapy, the median serum @entity4090 value had further decreased by 95%. The @entity4090 reduction was similar for all doses applied, 38 to 52 Gy. After withdrawal of @entity2847 in 8 @entity1 not receiving radiotherapy an average of 7 years after operation, the median serum @entity4090 level had further decreased by 75%. At follow-up, 18 additional instances of @entity4614 had developed in the group receiving radiotherapy, compared with 8 cases of insufficiency in the group not receiving radiotherapy. Thus, because @entity2847 has a long-standing effect on @entity4090 secretion, and radiotherapy is associated with a notably high incidence of @entity4614 , we propose that photon irradiation should be considered mainly for @entity1 who are not candidates for surgical or medical treatment.

title: Long-term effects of radiotherapy and XXXX treatment in @entity1 with previous surgery for @entity2013 .

entities_list: @entity2847 :: ('MESH:D001971', 'Chemical') :: ['bromocriptine']

entities_list: @entity2013 :: ('MESH:D015175', 'Disease') :: ['macroprolactinomas']

entities_list: @entity4614 :: ('MESH:D007018', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary insufficiency']

answer: @entity2847 :: (MESH:D001971,Chemical) :: ['bromocriptine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Antibiotics currently recommended for prophylaxis in thoracic surgery are first-generation and second-generation cephalosporins. Despite this prophylaxis, @entity86 after major pulmonary resections remains frequent and severe. However, in the medical literature, the origin of these infections is poorly documented. METHODS: To evaluate the efficiency of current prophylactic regimens, we retrospectively analyzed 312 consecutive cases of major pulmonary resection, performed between January 2000 and December 2004. For @entity1 who experienced postoperative @entity358 , the microbiologic agents and their antibiotic susceptibility were studied. RESULTS: @entity86 was diagnosed in 76 @entity1 (24.4% +/- 0.43%). Sixty @entity1 (78.9%) experienced the @entity281 in the first 5 postoperative days. A microbiologic documentation was obtained in 44 cases (57.9%) with 56 microorganisms involved. Pathogens responsible for the infections were @entity794 (n = 10), @entity328 (n = 8), group B @entity328 organisms (n = 1), nongroupable @entity328 organisms (n = 2), @entity797 (n = 1), @entity6728 spp. (n = 9), @entity6729 (n = 2), Enterobacteriaceae (n = 15), @entity796 (n = 3), @entity3064 (n = 1), and Candida spp. (n = 4). According to the antibiotic susceptibility testings, the prophylactic regimen by @entity7048 proved ineffective for 84% of the microbiologically documented cases. CONCLUSIONS: This study confirmed the inefficiency of current prophylaxis against pathogens involved in @entity86 after major lung resections. Evaluation of new and more-adapted approaches of antibiotic prophylaxis should be the subject of prospective multicenter trials.

title: XXXX after major pulmonary resections: an unsolved problem in thoracic surgery.

entities_list: @entity7048 :: ('MESH:D002437', 'Chemical') :: ['cefazolin']

entities_list: @entity796 :: ('287', 'Species') :: ['Pseudomonas aeruginosa']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity797 :: ('1351', 'Species') :: ['Enterococcus faecalis']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary infection']

entities_list: @entity6728 :: ('MESH:D006192', 'Disease') :: ['Haemophilus']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['A postoperative pneumonia', 'postoperative pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity6729 :: ('480', 'Species') :: ['Branhamella catarrhalis']

entities_list: @entity3064 :: ('470', 'Species') :: ['Acinetobacter baumannii']

entities_list: @entity328 :: ('1313', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus pneumoniae', 'Streptococcus']

answer: @entity86 :: (MESH:D019106,Disease) :: ['Postoperative pneumonia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although the characteristics of @entity1778 in @entity1 with @entity1467 ( @entity1467 ) have been well documented, little is known about the long-term results of treatment. METHOD: Retrospectively from 1968 to 1981 and prospectively from 1982 to 2002, the present authors collected data on every @entity1 with @entity1467 in Finland who had been diagnosed with @entity1778 between 1968 and 1994. RESULTS: Forty-one @entity1 with @entity1467 had acute @entity1778 : 28 had @entity981 ( @entity981 ); and 13 had @entity981 ( @entity981 ). The median age of the subjects at diagnosis was 3.8 years (range = 0-15.9 years). @entity1 with @entity981 were significantly younger (P = 0.001) and all @entity1 under 2 years of age had @entity981 . Out of the 28 @entity1 with @entity981 , 23 (82%) entered primary remission, and of these 23 individuals, 10 remained alive and in continuous remission (CR) after a median of 11.6 years (range = 8.9-20.0 years). Out of the 13 @entity1 with @entity981 , five (38%) entered remission and four remained in CR after a median of 16.0 years (range = 9.1-19.2 years). Treatment -related @entity137 were common: eight @entity1 with @entity981 and two with @entity981 died of @entity295 . Actuarial, event-free survival rates at 5 years were 53% and 43% for adequately treated subjects with @entity981 and @entity981 , respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Standard @entity1778 chemotherapy is effective in @entity1 with @entity1467 . However, because @entity137 are unacceptably frequent, specific anti- @entity1778 regimens are needed for subjects with @entity1467 design.

title: Long-term prognosis of XXXX with @entity1467 and @entity1778 : a 34-year nation-wide experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients', 'child']

entities_list: @entity981 :: ('MESH:D054198', 'Disease') :: ['acute lymphoblastic leukaemia', 'ALL', 'acute non-lymphoblastic leukaemia', 'ANLL']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['septicaemia']

entities_list: @entity1778 :: ('MESH:D007938', 'Disease') :: ['leukaemia']

entities_list: @entity1467 :: ('MESH:D004314', 'Disease') :: ["Down's syndrome", 'DS']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: From March 1st, 1982 to March 1st 1990 399 @entity1 were admitted to the Heinz-Kalk-Hospital with recurrent @entity548 from esophageal varices. Therapy of first choice was acute or elective endoscopic sclerotherapy. Early recurrences and uncontrollable @entity548 were treated by @entity5274 or if unsuccessful by devascularisation procedure. Two early or late @entity548 recurrences were defined as sclerotherapy failures and choosen after passing a selection analysis (liver volume 1000 to 2500 ml, portal perfusion more than 30%, liver biopsy without activity or progression, exclusion of @entity850 in the arterial supply of the liver and @entity1 -Pugh classification A and B) for a selective-elective @entity5033 ( @entity5033 ). In 10 of 44 selected @entity1 (11%) with an underlying disease of @entity616 in 95%, mostly alcoholic origin (65%) intraoperatively the performance of an @entity5033 was technically problematic or impossible. Therefore, a mesocaval interposition shunt was carried out. Early mortality of 34 @entity5033 was 5.9% (2 @entity1 ) and late mortality 17.6% (6 @entity1 ). No @entity75 and shunt @entity715 were recorded. Postoperative angio- and sequential scintigraphies proved that portal perfusion was preserved during the first two years, but diminished. Liver function remained stable, too. One case of early rebleeding could be successfully managed by emergency endoscopic sclerotherapy. Five- and eight-years survival rate, according to the method of Kaplan-Meier is about 70%. We conclude that the @entity5033 is the treatment of choice for elective management of recurrent @entity548 of esophageal varices refractory to sclerotherapy. Its performance should be not enforced; in case of technical difficulties narrow-lumen mesocaval interposition shunt is an excellent alternative.

title: [Elective-selective Warren splenorenal shunt operation. Prognosis of liver function and esophageal varices XXXX after repeat sclerotherapy in liver cirrhosis].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Child', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage', 'bleeding']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['encephalopathy']

entities_list: @entity5274 :: ('MESH:D005184', 'Disease') :: ['Linton-Nachlas tube']

entities_list: @entity5033 :: ('MESH:C562451', 'Disease') :: ['SRS', 'splenorenal Warren shunt']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

entities_list: @entity616 :: ('MESH:D006327', 'Disease') :: ['intrahepatic block']

answer: @entity548 :: (MESH:D006470,Disease) :: ['hemorrhage']


abstract: PURPOSE: We conducted a longitudinal analysis of @entity2662 ) viral markers in 28 Jamaican mothers and their @entity1 , who were monitored for a median of 6.2 years after the birth of the @entity1 . METHODS: The @entity2662 provirus DNA load was measured using the Taqman system (PE Applied Biosystems). The HTLV-I antibody titer was determined using the Vironstika @entity2662 /II Microelisa System (Organon Teknika). The @entity2662 Tax-specific antibody titers were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Generalized estimating equations were used to describe the associations of exposure variables with sequentially measured levels of @entity2662 viral markers in @entity1 . RESULTS: The HTLV-I antibody titer increased significantly up to 1 year after @entity281 , reaching equilibrium at a median titer of 1 : 7,786. The prevalence of Tax-specific antibody reached 80% at 2 years after @entity281 . The provirus load increased up to 2 years after @entity281 , reaching equilibrium at a median of 6,695 copies/100,000 peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The increase in the provirus load was significant only among @entity1 with @entity484 , but not among @entity1 without @entity484 . CONCLUSIONS: The provirus loads in @entity1 increased for an additional year after their antibody titers had stabilized, possibly as a result of the expansion of @entity2662 -infected clones. This effect was significant only for @entity1 with @entity484 . Among @entity2662 -infected @entity1 , @entity484 may be a cutaneous marker of the risk of @entity2662 -associated diseases developing in adulthood.

title: Natural history of viral markers in @entity1 infected with XXXX T lymphotropic virus type I in Jamaica.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity2662 :: ('11908', 'Species') :: ['HTLV-I', 'human T lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Treating @entity6017 ( @entity6017 ) with isolated skin involvement is difficult and inconsistently performed. Intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIg) are recommended for corticoresistant or corticodependant @entity6017 , but only a few cases of IVIg use in @entity6017 with isolated skin involvement have been reported. DESIGN: We performed a retrospective monocentric study of 27 @entity1 who were treated with IVIg for severe @entity272 (no or minor muscle involvement) after failure of photoprotection and at least one line of treatment. RESULTS: Nineteen @entity1 (70%) exhibited a major response, four @entity1 exhibited a partial response and four @entity1 exhibited no response, including two @entity1 with grade 3 side effects ( @entity10 ). The mean number of IVIg courses was 4.8 (range 1-15). Ten @entity1 (53%) relapsed, with a median time of 6.2  months after the last IVIg course. Six of these @entity1 were successfully treated with a new IVIg course. @entity121 developed in six @entity1 . CONCLUSION: IVIg may be an effective and safe treatment for @entity6017 with isolated skin involvement. Relapse occurred frequently, but treatment with a new course of IVIg was successful. Controlled studies are required to confirm these results.

title: Clinical efficacy of intravenous immunoglobulins for the treatment of @entity272 without XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6017 :: ('MESH:D003882', 'Disease') :: ['dermatomyositis', 'DM']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['DM skin lesions']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headaches']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['Muscle disease']

answer: @entity121 :: (MESH:D009135,Disease) :: ['muscle disease']


abstract: AIMS: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of calorie-restricted vegetarian and conventional diabetic diets alone and in combination with exercise on insulin resistance, visceral fat and oxidative stress markers in subjects with @entity164 2 @entity6 . METHODS: A 24-week, randomized, open, parallel design was used. Seventy-four @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 were randomly assigned to either the experimental group (n = 37), which received a vegetarian diet, or the control group (n = 37), which received a conventional diabetic diet. Both diets were isocaloric, calorie restricted (-500 kcal/day). All meals during the study were provided. The second 12 weeks of the diet were combined with aerobic exercise. @entity1 were examined at baseline, 12 weeks and 24 weeks. Primary outcomes were: insulin sensitivity measured by hyperinsulinaemic isoglycaemic clamp; volume of visceral and subcutaneous fat measured by magnetic resonance imaging; and oxidative stress measured by @entity4466 reactive substances. Analyses were by intention to treat. RESULTS: Forty-three per cent of @entity1 in the experimental group and 5% of @entity1 in the control group reduced @entity6 medication (P < 0.001). Body weight decreased more in the experimental group than in the control group [-6.2 kg (95% CI -6.6 to -5.3) vs. -3.2 kg (95% CI -3.7 to -2.5); interaction group   time P = 0.001]. An @entity1720 was significantly greater in the experimental group than in the control group [30% (95% CI 24.5-39) vs. 20% (95% CI 14-25), P = 0.04]. A reduction in both visceral and subcutaneous fat was greater in the experimental group than in the control group (P = 0.007 and P = 0.02, respectively). Plasma @entity1254 increased (P = 0.02) and leptin decreased (P = 0.02) in the experimental group, with no change in the control group. @entity620 , @entity224 dismutase and reduced @entity2041 increased in the experimental group (P = 0.002, P < 0.001 and P = 0.02, respectively). Differences between groups were greater after the addition of exercise training. Changes in insulin sensitivity and enzymatic oxidative stress markers correlated with changes in visceral fat. CONCLUSIONS: A calorie-restricted vegetarian diet had greater capacity to improve insulin sensitivity compared with a conventional diabetic diet over 24 weeks. The greater loss of visceral fat and improvements in plasma concentrations of adipokines and oxidative stress markers with this diet may be responsible for the reduction of insulin resistance. The addition of exercise training further augmented the improved outcomes with the vegetarian diet.

title: Vegetarian diet improves insulin resistance and oxidative stress markers more than conventional diet in subjects with XXXX 2 @entity6 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity620 :: ('MESH:D001205', 'Chemical') :: ['Vitamin C']

entities_list: @entity2041 :: ('MESH:D005978', 'Chemical') :: ['glutathione']

entities_list: @entity4466 :: ('MESH:C029684', 'Chemical') :: ['thiobarbituric acid']

entities_list: @entity1720 :: ('MESH:D007333', 'Disease') :: ['increase in insulin sensitivity']

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide']

answer: @entity164 :: (MESH:D017827,Disease) :: ['Type']


abstract: Many diseases of the brain leading to impairment of intellectual capacities are associated with morphological changes in the anteromedial portions of the temporal lobe. Among these are @entity195 , @entity191 and the syndrome of @entity303 with @entity20254 . The hallmarks of @entity195 are intraneuronal neurofibrillary changes and extracellular @entity527 . The neurofibrillary changes consist of neurofibrillary tangles, @entity527 and neuropil threads. The distribution pattern of neurofibrillary changes differs from the distribution of @entity527 . The neurofibrillary changes exhibit a distinct but varying distribution pattern in different areas of the cerebral cortex. In fully developed @entity195 , both the hippocampal formation and isocortical association areas are severely involved while the brunt of the pathology is found in the entorhinal region. The entorhinal region receives information from various isocortical association areas and limbic circuits and projects to the hippocampal formation via the perforant path. This fibre tract is mainly generated by projection neurons within the superficial entorhinal cell layer. In @entity195 virtually all projection neurons within this layer are destroyed by neurofibrillary tangles. In cases of @entity191 with progressive @entity73 the neurofibrillary changes are confined to the outer cellular layer of the entorhinal region. In cases of " @entity303 with @entity20254 " the @entity20254 are predominantly encountered in the hippocampal formation and in the outer layers of the entorhinal region.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Morphological changes in the human cerebral cortex in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity527 :: ('MESH:D058225', 'Disease') :: ['amyloid deposits', 'neuritic plaques']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive decline']

entities_list: @entity20254 :: ('MESH:C537394', 'Disease') :: ['argyrophilic grains']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease"]

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["Alzheimer's disease"]

answer: @entity303 :: (MESH:D003704,Disease) :: ['dementia']


abstract: We examined the immunofluorescence of keratins 13 (K13) and 14 ( @entity12072 ) and differential interference contrast (DIC) images during the morphogenesis of filiform papillae and the keratinization of the lingual epithelium of @entity35 on semi-ultrathin sections of @entity990 resin-embedded samples by laser-scanning microscopy. We also examined semi-ultrathin sections of @entity990 resin embedded, @entity11979 stained samples by light microscopy to obtain details of cell histology and morphology. No immunoreactivity specific for K13 and @entity12072 was detected on the lingual epithelium of foetuses on days 13, 15 and 17 after conception (E13, E15 and E17), during which time the number of layers of cuboidal cells in the lingual epithelium increased from one to several. Immunoreactivity specific for K13 and @entity12072 was first detected on the lingual epithelium of foetuses on E19. The immunoreactivity specific for K13 appeared in the suprabasal cells of the papillary and interpapillary cell columns and immunoreactivity specific for @entity12072 was detected in the basal and suprabasal cells of the papillary and interpapillary cell columns. The lingual epithelium was composed of stratified squamous cells. The rudiments of filiform papillae were compactly arranged and interpapillary cell columns were very narrow. @entity1829 developed gradually from postnatal day 0 (PO) to 21 (P21). The width of interpapillary spaces also increased during this period. Immunoreactivity specific for K13 and @entity12072 was distinct at all postnatal stages examined. Thus, the patterns of immunoreactivity of K13 and @entity12072 differed as the filiform papillae developed.

title: Immunohistochemical expression of keratins 13 and 14 in the lingual epithelium of XXXX during the morphogenesis of filiform papillae.

entities_list: @entity11979 :: ('MESH:D014048', 'Chemical') :: ['toluidine blue']

entities_list: @entity1829 :: ('MESH:D010211', 'Disease') :: ['Filiform papillae']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: The failure of blood vessels to revascularize @entity63 neural tissue represents a significant challenge for vascular biology. Examples include @entity989 ( @entity989 ) such as @entity989 and proliferative @entity6 , which are the leading causes of @entity1939 in @entity1 and working-age adults. @entity989 are characterized by initial @entity528 , followed by a compensatory albeit pathologic hypervascularization mounted by the @entity519 retina attempting to reinstate metabolic equilibrium. @entity2121 , this secondary revascularization fails to grow into the most @entity63 regions of the retina. Instead, the new vessels are misdirected toward the vitreous, suggesting that vasorepulsive forces operate in the avascular @entity519 retina. In the present study, we demonstrate that the neuronal guidance cue @entity22522 ( @entity22522 ) is secreted by @entity519 neurons in the avascular retina in response to the proinflammatory cytokine @entity1356 . @entity22522 contributes to vascular decay and later forms a chemical barrier that repels neo-vessels toward the vitreous. Conversely, silencing @entity22522 expression enhances normal vascular regeneration within the @entity63 retina, thereby @entity2008 and preserving neuroretinal function. Overcoming the chemical barrier ( @entity22522 ) released by @entity63 neurons accelerates the vascular regeneration of neural tissues, which restores metabolic supply and improves retinal function. Our findings may be applicable to other @entity63 conditions such as @entity64 .

title: Ischemic neurons prevent vascular regeneration of neural tissue by secreting XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic retinopathy']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['neurovascular ischemic', 'ischemic']

entities_list: @entity2121 :: ('MESH:D019320', 'Disease') :: ['Paradoxically']

entities_list: @entity1939 :: ('MESH:D001766', 'Disease') :: ['blindness']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['proliferative retinopathies', 'PRs', 'retinopathy of prematurity']

entities_list: @entity2008 :: ('MESH:D002869', 'Disease') :: ['diminishing aberrant neovascularization']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['microvascular degeneration']

answer: @entity22522 :: (10371,Gene) :: ['semaphorin 3A']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity7960 is a devastating @entity16 currently lacking any proven treatment. We studied the neuro-protective effects of the cytokines granulocyte-colony stimulating factor and stem cell factor in a humanised @entity19 model of @entity7960 . METHODS: @entity19 received monthly subcutaneous infusions of cytokines while also being assessed at monthly time points using an extensive range of behavioural motor performance tests. After 6 months of treatment, neurophysiological evaluation of both sensory and motor nerve conduction was performed. Subsequently, @entity19 were sacrificed for mRNA, protein and histological analysis of the dorsal root ganglion, spinal cord and cerebellum. RESULTS: Cytokine administration resulted in significant reversal of biochemical, neuropathological, neurophysiological and behavioural deficits associated with @entity7960 . Both granulocyte-colony stimulating factor and stem cell factor had pronounced effects on @entity60911 levels (the primary molecular defect in the pathogenesis of the disease), and on regulators of @entity60911 expression. Sustained improvements in motor coordination and locomotor activity were seen, even after onset of @entity16 . Treatment also restored the duration of sensory nerve compound potentials. Improvements in peripheral nerve conduction positively correlated with cytokine-induced increases in @entity60911 expression, providing a link between increases in @entity60911 and neurophysiological function. Abrogation of disease-related pathology was also evident, with reductions in @entity32 / @entity5219 and increased neural stem cell numbers in areas of tissue injury. INTERPRETATION: These experiments show that cytokines already clinically used in other conditions offer the prospect of a novel, rapidly translatable, disease-modifying and neuroprotective treatment for @entity7960 . This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Cytokine therapy-mediated neuroprotection in a @entity7960 XXXX model.

entities_list: @entity7960 :: ('MESH:D005621', 'Disease') :: ["Friedreich's ataxia"]

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological symptoms', 'neurological disease']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: PURPOSE: Low-frequency ultrasound (LFUS) with intraarterial or intravenous microbubbles can recanalize thrombosed dialysis grafts and arteries. A similar method for declotting intracranial arteries in an animal model has been developed. MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity1707 underwent selective cerebral angiography, and 1 mL of 2-6 hour old clot was placed in one ascending pharyngeal artery and rete mirabile. This occluded the primary brain blood supply from the rete mirabile in the base of the skull. @entity1 albumin octafluoropropane microbubbles were injected through the same catheter in 0.5-1.0-mL doses for a total of 4.5 mL in 21 minutes. Transcutaneous pulsed-wave 1-MHz ultrasound was administered through a temporal approach using 2.2 W/cm(2). Repeated angiography was performed through 24 minutes. Saline controls underwent an identical process on the opposite side. Declotting was graded on a scale of 0-4, and flow used the 0-3 thrombolysis in @entity583 (TIMI) scale. Success was defined as declotting of grade >/= 3 (>70% clearing) with flow of >/= 2. RESULTS: Seven @entity1707 received 14 declotting sequences. Average clot age was 217 minutes. Average declotting score was 3.1, and flow was 2.1 for microbubbles and 1.4 and 0.1 for saline controls, P =.016 in each. Success occurred with microbubbles in six of seven attempts and in controls in zero of seven attempts, P =.031. CONCLUSIONS: LFUS with microbubble augmentation rapidly lyses intracranial clot and restores flow at ultrasound ranges similar to those required in @entity1 . Further development of this possible acute @entity64 therapy is justified.

title: Microbubble potentiated ultrasound as a method of @entity64 therapy in a XXXX model: preliminary findings.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'Human']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity1707 :: (9823,Species) :: ['pig']


abstract: PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate retrospectively the efficacy of whole-body @entity419 positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) for @entity788 ( @entity788 ) and associated extrapancreatic @entity792 . METHODS: Whole-body FDG-PET or PET/computed tomography (CT) findings were reviewed in six @entity1 with @entity788 . The initial PET scans were performed 1 h and 2 h after FDG injection in all six @entity1 . Follow-up PET scans were performed during or following @entity134 therapy in five @entity1 and in one @entity1 who did not have @entity134 therapy. RESULTS: The initial PET scans revealed intense FDG uptake by @entity788 in all six @entity1 . The maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) increased in four @entity1 and was stable in two @entity1 . The intense uptake in the @entity788 disappeared during or following @entity134 therapy in five @entity1 and in one @entity1 who showed spontaneous remission of @entity788 . Abnormal FDG uptake by extrapancreatic @entity792 was observed in five of the six @entity1 : sclerosing @entity7841 (n = 5), @entity3329 (n = 5), retroperitoneal @entity82 (n = 2), @entity1986 (n = 2) and sclerosing @entity2679 (n = 1). Abnormal FDG uptake disappeared in the salivary glands (n = 4), lymph nodes (n = 4), retroperitoneum (n = 2), kidneys (n = 1) and gallbladder (n = 1) during or following @entity134 therapy and remained in the salivary glands and lymph nodes of a spontaneous remission @entity1 . CONCLUSION: These results suggest that whole-body FDG-PET may be useful for detecting @entity788 and associated extrapancreatic @entity792 and for monitoring their disease activity but that dual time point imaging may not be useful for differentiating @entity5 from @entity788 .

title: The efficacy of whole-body FDG-PET or PET/CT for XXXX and associated extrapancreatic @entity792 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity7841 :: ('MESH:D012793', 'Disease') :: ['sialadenitis']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreas', 'autoimmune pancreatitis', 'AIP']

entities_list: @entity3329 :: ('MESH:D008206', 'Disease') :: ['lymphadenopathy']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity419 :: ('MESH:D019788', 'Chemical') :: ['(18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity2679 :: ('MESH:D002764', 'Disease') :: ['cholecystitis']

entities_list: @entity1986 :: ('MESH:D009395', 'Disease') :: ['interstitial nephritis']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune lesions', 'autoimmune diseases']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['autoimmune pancreatitis']


abstract: We describe the case of an 85-year-old @entity1 who presented with a large pericardial effusion. The @entity1 was admitted because of @entity448 and @entity6191 . Chest X-ray revealed an increased cardiothoracic ratio and a small amount of bilateral @entity1143 . Two-dimensional ultrasonographic echocardiography showed pericardial effusions with @entity4266 , establishing the diagnosis of @entity2293 . @entity5 with pericardial involvement was diagnosed by subxiphoid pericardiostomy. The clear fluid was removed through pericardial drainage. The signet-ring cell @entity189 was revealed by gastric fiberscope examination after pericardial biopsy proved @entity5 . @entity1600 was also found. We diagnosed the @entity1 with @entity356 stage IV and suggested him the best supportive therapy. He died of @entity1167 1 month after best supportive care.

title: Pericardial biopsy revealed XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1143 :: ('MESH:D010996', 'Disease') :: ['pleural effusion']

entities_list: @entity2293 :: ('MESH:D002305', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac tamponade']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Signet-ring cell cancer', 'malignancy']

entities_list: @entity448 :: ('MESH:D000855', 'Disease') :: ['anorexia']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma of the stomach']

entities_list: @entity1600 :: ('MESH:D014388', 'Disease') :: ['Virchow lymph node metastasis']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer']

entities_list: @entity6191 :: ('MESH:D004829', 'Disease') :: ['general malaise']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrest']

entities_list: @entity4266 :: ('MESH:D018497', 'Disease') :: ['atrial and right ventricular early diastolic collapse']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['gastric signet-ring cell cancer']


abstract: AIM: To investigate the association of @entity15188 ( @entity15188 ) DNA variants with @entity989 (CSC). METHODS: We enrolled 32 eyes of 32 @entity1 who were diagnosed with chronic CSC and composed 32 normal eyes as a control group. Peripheral blood was used for DNA extraction and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification. @entity15188 gene was sequenced by using BigDye(  ) Terminator v3.1 cycle sequencing KIT (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA, USA). The @entity15188 gene and its variants were investigated in CSC @entity1 group and control group. RESULTS: We identified a new polymorphism @entity59191 in two @entity1 in the @entity1 group (Minor allele frequency (MAF)=0.009) on the region of 1-60 @entity1522 . The @entity15599 was located in the encoder region of the @entity15188 gene but not associated with CSC (P=0.68). An intrinsic @entity15600 is also not associated (P=0.28). CONCLUSIONS: The new polymorphism @entity59191 is located on the region of 1-60 @entity1522 which is necessary for localization to the mitochondria in CSC @entity1 . This mutation is probably important for the energy metabolism and plays an important role in the cellular response to hyperosmotic stress and other stress stimuli. Both @entity15599 and @entity15600 are not associated with CSC.

title: A novel mutation of XXXX gene in central @entity989 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'person']

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity59191 :: ('p|SUB|M|32|V', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['M32V']

entities_list: @entity15188 :: ('6446', 'Gene') :: ['SGK1', 'SGK-1', 'SGK 1', 'serum glucocorticoid kinase gene-1']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['chronic  central serous chorioretinopathy']

answer: @entity15188 :: (6446,Gene) :: ['sgk-1']


abstract: We reviewed retrospectively the results in @entity1 who had undergone one hundred and four high tibial lateral osteotomies. The operations were all performed between 1985 and 1993. Each one of fifty @entity1 and forty nine @entity1 demonstrated a @entity85 of the knee with a coexistent medial @entity571 . Results were reviewed in 49 @entity1 (62 knees) with an average follow-up of 10.2 years (range 6-14 years). Of the remaining 42 @entity1 , 8 were lost to follow-up, 10 had died, and 24 were subsequently treated with total knee arthroplasty at an average 4.7 years after having had a high tibial osteotomy. Clinical results were evaluated using the Hospital for Special Surgery Score (HSS) and the Knee Society Score. Radiographs were systematically analysed to evaluate @entity571 and @entity13197 . Forty four (90 per cent) of the forty nine @entity1 stated the results met their expectations and given the same circumstances, they would have the operation once again. In these @entity1 the knee score results were excellent. The same @entity1 had excellent HSS and Knee Society Scores. Five @entity1 (10 per cent) had a poor result and twenty four @entity1 were treated later by total knee arthroplasty because of @entity158 . The following factors set these @entity1 apart from those with more favorable results: previous arthroscopic debridement, @entity28 , @entity626 , @entity1887 , and an age of more than 55 years. High @entity14953 provides @entity158 relief and improved function in carefully selected @entity1 . Our results support this conclusion.

title: Long-term results of high tibial osteotomy for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity626 :: ('MESH:D020370', 'Disease') :: ['lateral knee osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity1887 :: ('MESH:D000309', 'Disease') :: ['insufficient valgus correction']

entities_list: @entity14953 :: ('MESH:D060906', 'Disease') :: ['tibial valgus osteotomy']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['good pain', 'pain']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['varus deformity']

answer: @entity626 :: (MESH:D020370,Disease) :: ['medial osteoarthritis of the knee']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the diagnostic accuracy of contrast medium enhanced spiral computed tomography of the pulmonary arteries (s- @entity26553 ) and a latex agglutination D-dimer assay in @entity1 with suspected @entity1151 ( @entity1151 ) by using pulmonary arteriography (PA) and clinical follow-up as reference method. DESIGN: Ninety hemodynamically stable @entity1 with symptoms of @entity1151 were prospectively evaluated with s- @entity26553 and pulmonary arteriography (PA) within 24 h from admission. Plasma D-dimer levels on admittance were analyzed using a rapid latex agglutination D-dimer assay. The outcome of D-dimer concentrations in plasma below 0.25 and 0.5 mg/l was studied. RESULTS: All PA and s- @entity26553 investigations were regarded as of acceptable diagnostic quality in a consensus reading. Thirty-three @entity1 had a positive PA (37%). Three @entity1 had false negative and two @entity1 had false positive s- @entity26553 findings. s- @entity26553 had 91% sensitivity, 96% specificity, 94% positive predictive value ( @entity2286 ) and 95% negative predictive value (NPV). The sensitivity and specificity for D-dimer below 0.5 mg/l were 79 and 88%, respectively. The @entity2286 and NPV were 81 and 87%. If a cut-off level of 0.25 mg/l was used the corresponding figures were 91, 65, 63 and 92%. CONCLUSION: s- @entity26553 has a higher sensitivity and specificity than latex agglutination D-dimer. A cut-off level of 0.25 mg/l can be used as screening method, but s- @entity26553 must be performed to exclude false positive cases.

title: A comparison of spiral computed tomography and latex agglutination D-dimer assay in XXXX using pulmonary arteriography as gold standard.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['PE', 'acute pulmonary embolism']

answer: @entity1151 :: (MESH:D011655,Disease) :: ['acute pulmonary embolism']


abstract: The aims of this study were to determine whether long-term oral administration of the opiate antagonist @entity33479 is associated with any beneficial effects in @entity1 with @entity111 secondary to @entity409 and to assess the safety of long-term administration of this drug to these @entity1 . Fourteen @entity1 with unrelieved chronic @entity111 of @entity1448 were studied. Scratching activity, independent of limb movements, was recorded continuously for 24-hour periods before and during treatment with an initial ameliorating dose of @entity33479 . Simultaneously, during these periods, visual analogue scores (VASs) of @entity111 were recorded every 4 hours while @entity1 were awake. The dose of @entity33479 , which initially was 2 mg orally twice daily, was increased during the study, usually until a satisfactory clinical response was achieved. Five @entity1 experienced a transient @entity4784 that did not preclude continuing with @entity33479 therapy. Serum biochemical indices of @entity1448 did not change appreciably during treatment. Thirteen @entity1 reported amelioration of the perception of @entity111 on @entity33479 . In 5 @entity1 , exacerbations of @entity111 occurred approximately 4 weeks after an initial ameliorating dose had been reached; these exacerbations were managed by increasing the dose. Baseline mean values for VAS and scratching activity were higher than corresponding means during @entity33479 therapy in 13 (P = .002) and 12 (P = .013) @entity1 , respectively. Possible tolerance to @entity33479 occurred in 3 @entity1 . Three @entity1 experienced marked exacerbation of @entity111 after @entity33479 therapy was suddenly discontinued. Blood levels of @entity33479 were consistent with normal pharmacokinetics of the drug. These results suggest that @entity33479 may have a favorable risk-to-benefit ratio when it is administered orally long-term to @entity1 with the @entity111 of @entity1448 .

title: Open-label trial of oral @entity33479 therapy for the @entity111 of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['cholestatic liver disease']

entities_list: @entity4784 :: ('MESH:D009293', 'Disease') :: ['opioid withdrawal-like reaction']

entities_list: @entity111 :: ('MESH:D011537', 'Disease') :: ['pruritus']

entities_list: @entity1448 :: ('MESH:D002779', 'Disease') :: ['cholestasis']

entities_list: @entity33479 :: ('MESH:C038981', 'Chemical') :: ['nalmefene']

answer: @entity1448 :: (MESH:D002779,Disease) :: ['cholestasis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Background: With the increasing burden of organ transplant recipients and improvements in allograft outcome, the incidence of @entity5 rising from these @entity1 is an important issue. Objective: In this study, we investigated transplant recipients with @entity14 to determine its incidence, clinicopathological characteristics, and prognosis. Methods: The database of Severance Hospital was queried for all cases of @entity14 among transplant recipients from August 2005 to January 2013. Results: A total of 29 @entity1 were diagnosed with @entity14 after transplantation, and the median age at diagnosis was 58.6 years. As for @entity5 stage, 17 (58.6%) @entity1 had stage >= 3, and distant @entity3 was found in 10 (34.4%) @entity1 . The mean time from transplantation to @entity5 detection was 13.7 years. The median disease-free survival was 11.0 months and the median @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) was 18.1 months. In multivariate analysis of prognostic factors for @entity1349 , surgical resection was a positive prognostic factor (HR 1.357, p = 0.010) and the presence of distant @entity3 at diagnosis was a negative prognostic factor (HR 1.047, p = 0.006). Conclusion: The behavior of @entity14 in posttransplant @entity1 is more aggressive and refractory to treatment. A separate guideline for the colorectal screening program for the posttransplant @entity1 needs to be established.    2014 S. Karger AG, Basel.

title: Clinical Implications from a Single-Center Study of XXXX in Transplant Recipients.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'primary tumor', 'neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal adenocarcinoma', 'colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['Colorectal Adenocarcinoma']


abstract: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces a delayed release (lag phase of 2-4 h) of @entity1426 (AA) and @entity3009 (PG) D2 in @entity35 liver macrophages. Group IV cytosolic phospholipase A2 ( @entity25308 ) becomes phosphorylated within minutes after the addition of LPS. The phosphorylated form of @entity25308 shows an enhanced in vitro activity. The @entity141 dependence of @entity25308 activity is not affected by phosphorylation of the enzyme. In addition, LPS induces an enhanced expression of @entity25308 mRNA (after 2-4 h) and an enhanced expression of @entity25308 protein (after 8 h). The cellular @entity25308 activity is enhanced about twofold 24 h after LPS treatment. Liver macrophages constitutively express mRNAs encoding Groups V and IIA secretory PLA2 ( @entity25191 ). LPS has no effect on the levels of Groups V and IIA @entity25191 mRNA expression. Despite mRNA expression, Groups V and IIA @entity25191 protein and @entity25191 activity are not detectable in unstimulated or LPS-stimulated liver macrophages. Collectively, these and earlier [Mediators Inflammation 8 (1999) 295.] results suggest that in liver macrophages the LPS-induced delayed release of AA and prostanoids is mediated by phosphorylation and an enhanced expression of @entity25308 , a de novo expression of @entity4665 , but not by the actions of Group V or Group IIA @entity25191 .

title: Lipopolysaccharide-induced release of XXXX and prostaglandins in liver macrophages: regulation by Group IV cytosolic phospholipase A2, but not by Group V and Group IIA secretory phospholipase A2.

entities_list: @entity1426 :: ('MESH:D016718', 'Chemical') :: ['arachidonic acid']

entities_list: @entity3009 :: ('CHEBI:26333', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandin']

answer: @entity1426 :: (MESH:D016718,Chemical) :: ['arachidonic acid']


abstract: @entity1641 are known to acquire @entity1565 ( @entity1565 ), an allergen-induced naturally occurring syndrome of @entity3885 accompanied by airway hyperresponsiveness and increased inflammatory cell numbers on bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). This disorder has received scant attention in young racehorses. The purpose of the present report was to examine the effect of BAL @entity1712 in young racehorses on clinical examination, BAL, hematology, airway responsiveness, and on pulmonary function at rest and after a standardized exercise challenge. Five (3 males, 2 females; age 2.6 +/- 0.9 years) with a history of respiratory compromise and BAL eosinophil differential count > 5% and 6 controls (4 males, 2 females; age 3.5 +/- 1.0 years) training and performing to expectation with normal BAL cell differential (eosinophils < 1%) were studied. Respiratory system clinical examination was performed and expressed as a clinical score. Arterial blood gas measurements, CBC, and pulmonary function testing were performed at rest. Pulmonary mechanics measurements were repeated 1 hour and 20 hours after a standardized treadmill exercise challenge. Incremental @entity112 inhalation challenge was performed and the concentration of @entity112 effecting a 35% decrease in dynamic compliance (PC35CDyn) was determined. Significant differences were noted between and controls with regard to clinical score (P = .01), blood eosinophils (P = .04), BAL cell count (P = .04), BAL macrophage differential (P = .04), PC35CDyn (P = .008), and tidal volume and respiratory rate at 20 hours following exercise challenge (P = .05). We conclude that @entity5930 and airway hyperresponsiveness are manifest in some young @entity1641 without overt airway obstruction at rest. We speculate that these may be early events in the natural progression of heaves.

title: @entity5930 associated with increased airway responsiveness in young racing XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1712 :: ('MESH:D004802', 'Disease') :: ['eosinophilia']

entities_list: @entity1565 :: ('MESH:D056151', 'Disease') :: ['small airway disease', 'SAD']

entities_list: @entity5930 :: ('MESH:D011657', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary eosinophilia']

entities_list: @entity3885 :: ('MESH:D008173', 'Disease') :: ['reversible obstructive lung disease']

entities_list: @entity112 :: ('MESH:D006632', 'Chemical') :: ['histamine']

answer: @entity1641 :: (9796,Species) :: ['horses']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The aim of this case series was to examine engagement in and outcomes of family-based treatment (FBT) for adolescents with @entity4987 atypical @entity1278 , that is, adolescents who were not underweight at presentation. Consecutive referrals for FBT of adolescents with atypical @entity1278 to a specialist @entity1 and @entity1277 program were examined. Engagement in treatment (i.e., dose of treatment, completion rate), and changes in psychological symptomatology (i.e., @entity1277 symptoms, @entity308 , self-esteem, obsessive @entity3119 ), weight, and menstrual function were examined. The need for additional interventions (i.e., hospitalization and medication), and estimated remission rates were also examined. The sample comprised 42 adolescents aged 12-18  years (88% female). Engagement in FBT was high, with 83% completing at least half the treatment dose. There were significant @entity1277 and @entity308 during FBT (p  <  .05) but no improvement in self-esteem. There was no significant change in percent of median BMI for age and gender for the sample as a whole (105 vs. 106%, p  =  .128). However, adolescents who were not admitted to hospital prior to FBT gained some weight (M  =  3.4  kg) while those who were admitted did not gain weight during FBT (M  =  0.2  kg, p  <  .01). The overall remission rate ranged from 38 to 52% depending on the criteria applied. FBT appears to be an effective treatment for adolescents with atypical @entity1278 . However, more research is needed into systematic adaptations of FBT and other treatments that could improve overall remission rates.

title: A case series of family-based treatment for adolescents with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive symptoms']

entities_list: @entity1277 :: ('MESH:D001068', 'Disease') :: ['decreases in eating disorder', 'adolescent eating disorder', 'eating disorder']

entities_list: @entity3119 :: ('MESH:D009771', 'Disease') :: ['compulsiveness']

answer: @entity1278 :: (MESH:D000856,Disease) :: ['atypical anorexia nervosa']


abstract: A study was conducted of all primary @entity5 cases hospitalized from 1970 to 1975 in Oklahoma City hospitals. During this 6 year period, 181 cases were identified. The average annual incidence in Oklahoma county was lowest in white females (2 per 100,000 population), and highest in black males (19 per 100,000 population). Some of the descriptive features of @entity189 by age, sex and race distribution were largely compatible to those reported in the literature. Cases with @entity189 in which @entity158 was the first symptom to appear, sought medical advice latest compared to cases with @entity1282 as the first symptom, the latter group seeking medical advice earliest. Blacks and whites presented dissimilar distribution of @entity5 by site. Whereas in blacks 58% of @entity189 were located in the middle thoracic and none in the oesophagogastric junction, in @entity5 were more or less equally distributed in various anatomical sites. Black males exhibited higher mean ages at diagnosis in all sites than black females. The whites showed the opposite trend except in the oesophagogastric junction. @entity957 was the most frequent cell type (80%). The absence of @entity420 cell types in blacks except only two male cases was a noteworthy observation. The clinical stage distribution by anatomical site was unusual for @entity356 with 54% and 46% of @entity5 localized and in regional stages at diagnosis respectively.

title: Epidemiological and clinical aspects of XXXX in the USA.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['oesophageal cancer', 'tumours', 'whites tumours']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['Squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomas', 'carcinoma', 'oesophageal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['dysphagia']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['middle thoracic and gastric cardia carcinomas']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['oesophageal carcinoma']