abstract: @entity1 tendon tissue engineering attempts to address the shortage of autologous tendon material arising from mutilating injuries and diseases of the hand and forearm. It is important to maximize the tissue-engineered construct's ( @entity16096 's) biomechanical properties to ensure that the construct is in its strongest possible state before reimplantation. In this study, we sought to determine the bioreactor treatment parameters that affect these properties. Using small- and large-chamber three-dimensional-construct bioreactors (SCB and @entity16097 , respectively), we applied cyclic axial load to TECs comprising reseeded @entity1 flexor and extensor tendons of the hand. First, small-sample pilot studies using the @entity16097 were performed on matched-paired full-length flexor tendons to establish proof of concept. Next, large-sample studies using the SCB were performed on matched-paired extensor tendon segments to determine how reseeding, load duty cycle, load magnitude, conditioning duration, and testing delay affected ultimate tensile stress (UTS) and elastic modulus (EM). We found that compared with reseeded matched-paired controls under dynamic-loading at 1.25   N per @entity16096 for 5 days, (1) acellular TECs had lower UTS (p=0.04) and EM (p<0.01), (2) unloaded TECs had lower UTS (p=0.01) and EM (p=0.02), (3) static-loaded TECs had lower UTS (p=0.01) and EM (p<0.01), (4) TECs conditioned for 3 days had lower UTS (p=0.03) and EM (p=0.04), and (5) TECs conditioned for 8 days had higher UTS (p=0.04) and EM (p=0.01). However, TECs conditioned at higher loads (2.5   N per @entity16096 ) and lower loads (0.625   N per @entity16096 ) possessed similar UTS (p=0.83 and p=0.89, respectively) and EM (p=0.48 and p=0.89, respectively) as controls stimulated with 1.25   N per @entity16096 . After cycle completion, there is attrition of UTS (p=0.03) and EM (p=0.04) over a 2-day period. Our study showed that the material properties of @entity1 allograft TECs can be enhanced by reseeding and dynamic-conditioning. While conditioning duration has a significant effect on material properties, the load magnitude does not. The issue of attrition in biomechanical properties with time following cycle completion must be addressed before bioreactor preconditioning can be successfully introduced as a step in the processing of these constructs for clinical application.

title: Three-dimensional-construct bioreactor conditioning in XXXX tendon tissue engineering.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity355 is associated with significantly increased risk of development of @entity420 . Replacing columnar epithelium with the normal squamous lining in this condition offers the possibility of decreasing the risk of degeneration to invasive @entity420 . This study aimed to establish the feasibility of @entity3503 beam plasma coagulation (ABPC), in conjunction with control of @entity354 , to restore the squamous lining. METHODS: Thirty @entity1 with @entity355 (four low-grade @entity1141 , three high-grade) were recruited from our surveillance program, and underwent endoscopic ABPC. RESULTS: Twenty-seven @entity1 completed treatment, with macroscopic replacement of their columnar lining by squamous epithelium, histologically confirmed in all 27, and followed up for a median of 9 months (range, 6-18 months). Two patterns of squamous replacement were identified: 70% of @entity1 showed squamous epithelium with no persistent @entity1944 , and in 30% the new squamous epithelium covered areas of underlying @entity1944 . One @entity1 has withdrawn from the study. Two esophageal perforations, with one @entity204 , occurred early in the study. CONCLUSION: ABPC, in conjunction with control of @entity354 , allows squamous regrowth in both benign and @entity355 . Despite the theoretical safety advantages of ABPC over techniques such as laser, esophageal perforation may occur with this technique. It is too soon to recommend ABPC for @entity6349 or nondysplastic Barrett's because follow-up is too short to show a decreased incidence of and mortality from @entity420 .

title: Restoration of the normal squamous lining in XXXX by @entity3503 beam plasma coagulation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1944 :: ('MESH:D007410', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal metaplasia']

entities_list: @entity355 :: ('MESH:D001471', 'Disease') :: ["dysplastic Barrett's esophagus", "Barrett's esophagus"]

entities_list: @entity6349 :: ('MESH:D004416', 'Disease') :: ['dysplastic']

entities_list: @entity354 :: ('MESH:D005764', 'Disease') :: ['gastroesophageal reflux']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal adenocarcinoma', 'adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['dysplasia']

answer: @entity355 :: (MESH:D001471,Disease) :: ['Barrett's esophagus']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Indian-Asian @entity15 behaves somewhat differently from Western disease. It is not known if the response to beta-interferon is also different. AIM: To demonstrate the decrease in relapses with beta-interferon in Indian @entity1 with @entity15 . @entity1 AND METHODS: @entity1 with relapsing-remitting or secondary progressive @entity15 with at least two relapses were started on beta-interferon. RESULTS: Sixteen @entity1 were followed up for a period of 1-3 years. Fifteen had relapsing-remitting @entity15 ( @entity15 ). The mean number of relapses in these @entity1 before interferons were started was 3.4. The mean yearly relapse rate was 1.3. The mean Kurtzke Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) at the start of beta-interferon therapy in relapsing-remitting @entity15 was 1.7. Ten of these @entity1 were on Avonex((R)) (interferon beta1a) and six (including the @entity1 with secondary progressive @entity15 ) were on Betaferon((R)) (interferon beta1b). On follow-up, three @entity1 (two on Avonex((R)) and one on Betaferon((R)) ) had relapses. The respective beta-interferon being received by these @entity1 was continued, with no further relapses. The remaining @entity1 had no relapse or clinical or MRI progression after starting the drug. The side effect profile of the drug in these @entity1 was favorable; although nearly all developed @entity221 on the first day of the injection, only 50% of the @entity1 continued to have @entity221 after 3 months. Two @entity1 developed @entity146 symptoms, requiring discontinuation of the drug. CONCLUSION: Our prospective follow-up study shows that beta-interferons are safe and effective in Indian @entity1 with relapsing-remitting or secondary progressive @entity15 .

title: Beta-interferons in XXXX : a single center experience in India.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['MS', 'multiple sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

answer: @entity15 :: (MESH:D009103,Disease) :: ['multiple sclerosis']


abstract: Residual or recurrent @entity1653 after initial surgical resection are commonly treated with stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), but progression of these @entity5 following radiosurgery is difficult to predict. We performed a retrospective review of 60 consecutive @entity1 who underwent resection and subsequent Gamma Knife (Elekta AB, Stockholm, Sweden) radiosurgery for residual or recurrent @entity1653 at our institution from 2001-2012. @entity1 were subdivided by Simpson resection grade and World Health Organization (WHO) grade. @entity797 multivariate regression and Kaplan-Meier analyses were performed to assess risk of @entity5 progression. There were 45 @entity1 (75%) and 15 @entity1 (25%) with a median age of 56.8years (range 26.5-82years). The median follow-up period was 34.9months (range 6-108.4months). Simpson grade 1-3 resection was achieved in 17 @entity1 (28.3%) and grade 4 resection in 43 @entity1 (71.7%). Thirty-four @entity5 (56.7%) were WHO grade 1, and 22 (36.7%) were WHO grade 2-3. Time from resection to SRS was significantly shorter in @entity1 with Simpson grade 4 resection compared to grade 1-3 resection (p<0.01), but did not differ by WHO grade (p=0.17). Post-SRS complications occurred in five @entity1 (8.3%). Overall, 19 @entity1 (31.7%) experienced progression at a median of 15.3months (range 1.2-61.4months). Maximum @entity5 diameter >2.5cm at the time of SRS (p=0.02) and increasing WHO grade (p<0.01) were predictive of progression in multivariate analysis. Simpson resection grade did not affect progression-free survival (p=0.90). The mortality rate over the study period was 8.3%. SRS offers effective @entity5 control for residual or recurrent @entity1653 following resection, especially for small @entity5 .

title: Stereotactic radiosurgery of XXXX following resection: Predictors of progression.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'benign tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'women', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1653 :: ('MESH:D008579', 'Disease') :: ['meningiomas']

answer: @entity1653 :: (MESH:D008579,Disease) :: ['meningiomas']


abstract: PURPOSE: Most @entity5 will recur following surgical resection only. The role of irradiation and radiation dose levels is poorly defined. This study reviews a single institution experience using both, conventional and high doses > or = 60 Gy/CGE radiation regimen. @entity1 AND METHODS: Between 1974 and 1995 16 @entity1 with histologically proven @entity5 underwent @entity1161 ( @entity1161 ). Age at diagnosis ranged between 6 and 79 years (median: 49 years). Three @entity1 reported previous irradiation to the head at least 14 years prior to diagnosis. Ten @entity1 were treated for primary, and 6 @entity1 for recurrent disease. Six @entity1 underwent gross total and 10 @entity1 subtotal resection (Table 1). @entity1161 was delivered using conventional, megavoltage photons or combined 160 MeV proton and photon irradiation. Except 1 @entity1 , who died during @entity1161 , the radiation doses ranged between 40 and 70 Gy/CGE (= @entity1953 Gray Equivalent) (median: 58 Gy/CGE, Table 2). RESULTS: With median observation time of 59 months (range: 10 to 155 months), actuarial local control rates at 5 and 8 years were 52% and 17%, respectively. Target doses > or = Gy/CGE resulted in significantly improved @entity5 control (100%) compared to < 60 Gy/CGE (17%) (p = 0.0006, Table 3 and Figure 1). Improved local control translated also in increased overall survival: 87% (> or = 60 Gy/CGE) versus 15% (< 60 Gy/CGE) at 5 years (p = 0.025, Figure 2). At time of analysis, 6/16 @entity1 (38%) were alive. Two @entity1 developed symptomatic @entity75 at doses of 59.3 and 72 Gy/CGE. CONCLUSION: Conformal, @entity1161 with target doses > or = 60 Gy/CGE, in this study by use of combined proton and photon irradiation, can significantly improve chances of long-term local control and survival for @entity1 diagnosed with these challenging @entity5 .

title: [The role of radiotherapy in the treatment of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant meningiomas', 'tumor', 'malignant meningioma', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain damage']

entities_list: @entity1161 :: ('MESH:D011832', 'Disease') :: ['radiation therapy', 'RT']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['malignant meningiomas']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We prospectively investigated the effect of surgery for stress @entity322 (SUI) on sexual function and also compared preoperative and postoperative sexual functions according to vaginal or abdominal surgery for SUI. METHODS: The study included 94 @entity1 who underwent surgery for SUI, and the @entity1 were divided into two groups: 53 @entity1 had @entity365 , and 41 @entity1 had Burch colposuspension. Female sexual function was evaluated with a detailed 19-item questionnaire, the female sexual function index (FSFI), including sexual desire, arousal, lubrication, orgasm, satisfaction, and @entity158 . In all @entity1 , sexual function was compared before and after surgery for SUI, and the differences in postoperative sexual functions were also compared between the @entity1 undergoing @entity365 and Burch colposuspension. RESULTS: In all @entity1 , total sexual function score significantly decreased from 20.8 +/- 9 to 17.3 +/- 9.3 after surgery (P = 0.000). Total sexual function score decreased from 19.2 +/- 10 to 17.2 +/- 9.9 in the @entity365 group and decreased from 23.6 +/- 6.2 to 17.6 +/- 7.7 in the Burch colposuspension group, revealing significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.011). Statistically significantly higher @entity458 (P = 0.014), arousal (P = 0.026), lubrication (P = 0.004), and orgasm scores (P = 0.008) were also observed in the Burch colposuspension group than in the @entity365 group. Based on total score, postoperative sexual function improved in 13 @entity1 (24.5%) of the @entity365 group and in 5 @entity1 (12.2%) of the Burch colposuspension group, remained unchanged in 15 (28.3%) and 10 (24.4%), respectively, and deteriorated in 25 (47.2%) and 26 (63.4%), respectively. CONCLUSION: Our findings show that sexual functions may be impaired after surgery for SUI. Burch colposuspension may deteriorate sexual functions much more than @entity365 surgery in @entity1 . Therefore, @entity1 who will need surgery for SUI should be informed of the risk of deterioration of sexual function after surgery.

title: Sexual function after surgery for stress XXXX : @entity365 versus Burch colposuspension.

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['urinary incontinence']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['decreases in postoperative sexual desire']

entities_list: @entity365 :: ('MESH:D014627', 'Disease') :: ['vaginal sling']

answer: @entity322 :: (MESH:D014549,Disease) :: ['urinary incontinence']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We undertook this study to systematically assess prevailing @entity158 management regimes used at our hospital in @entity1 after cesarean delivery. STUDY DESIGN: Between August 1999 and July 2000, all @entity1 delivered by cesarean section at Parkland Hospital were assigned to 1 of 4 different @entity158 management strategies: (1). intramuscular (IM) @entity6882 , (2). @entity1 -controlled analgesia ( @entity4901 ) @entity6882 , (3). IM @entity1286 , and (4). @entity4901 @entity1286 @entity597 . A combination of methods were used to compare these different @entity158 management strategies. A survey questionnaire, using Likert scale responses, was administered to evaluate maternal satisfaction with @entity158 control. Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores and information regarding breastfeeding and rooming-in were also collected. RESULTS: A total of 1256 @entity1 were allocated to the 4 analgesia study groups. The median @entity6882 dosages for the IM and @entity4901 groups were 350 mg and 600 mg, respectively (P <or=.01). Conversely, the median IM @entity1286 dose (65 mg) was significantly higher than that for the @entity4901 group (60 mg). The percentage of @entity1 reporting moderate or worse @entity158 (VAS scores 4 or more) was significantly lower in those @entity1 who received @entity4901 @entity6882 compared with IM @entity6882 . @entity1 who received @entity1286 reported less severe @entity158 compared with @entity6882 , regardless of route of administration. The @entity1 ' subjective report of satisfaction with @entity158 management was not related to the method or drug used for @entity158 control (P=.13). Fewer @entity1 assigned to @entity1286 therapy stopped breastfeeding (P=.02) and more roomed-in with their @entity1 (P <.01). CONCLUSION: @entity158 relief was superior with the @entity1286 regimens used and was positively associated with breastfeeding and @entity1 rooming-in.

title: A hospital-sponsored quality improvement study of XXXX management after cesarean delivery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'Women', 'infants', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity6882 :: ('MESH:D008614', 'Chemical') :: ['meperidine']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine sulfate', 'morphine']

entities_list: @entity597 :: ('CHEBI:16189', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfate']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Injuries of thoracic vertebrae in multiple @entity130 @entity1 are often accompanied by severe @entity764 and @entity51 . However, until now, it is not clear whether and how the severity of @entity130 influences the neurologic and functional outcome in paraplegic @entity1 during the first year after the @entity130 . The aim of the study was to compare two cohorts of multiple injured paraplegic @entity1 with and without conversion in the American @entity3510 @entity73 ( @entity73 ) with regard to the severity of spinal @entity130 , the severity of thorax @entity130 , the type of @entity174 , and the functional outcome 1 year after the date of injury. METHODS: Twenty-one traumatic paraplegic @entity1 (neurologic level T1-T12) were included in the study based on a retrospective analysis of the Heidelberg European Multicenter Study about @entity1566 database (www.emsci.org) from 2002 to 2007. In all @entity1 , the Polytraumaschluessel (PTS), the AO classification, the @entity73 , and the Spinal Cord Independence Measure were collected. @entity1 with no change in the @entity73 (group 1, n=14) were compared with @entity1 with @entity73 changes (group 2, n=7), and t test and    test were performed (p<0.05). RESULTS: Differences in both groups concerning @entity174 classification were confirmed (p=0.046). A relation between neurologic improvement in the @entity73 and the severity of @entity130 (p=0.058) after 1 year was not found. The subitem PTST in the thoracic area showed statistical significance comparing the two groups (p=0.005). Both groups significantly improved functionally (Spinal Cord Independence Measure, p=0.035) during the first year but with no significant difference between the groups after 1 year. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that functional improvement is achieved independently from neurologic recovery. The combined assessment of the PTS, the AO classification, and the @entity73 in multiple-injured paraplegic @entity1 can contribute to provide a better prognostication of the neurologic changes during rehabilitation and the outcome after 1 year than the @entity73 alone.

title: Neurological and functional recovery in multiple injured XXXX with paraplegia: outcome after 1 year.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3510 :: ('MESH:D013124', 'Disease') :: ['Spinal Injury']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['Association Impairment Scale', 'AIS']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['sensorimotor deficits']

entities_list: @entity764 :: ('MESH:D013898', 'Disease') :: ['thoracic injuries']

entities_list: @entity1566 :: ('MESH:D013119', 'Disease') :: ['Spinal Cord Injury']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: This article evaluates the effectiveness of the external rotation test in diagnosing @entity2585 . The test is performed with the upper arm in a neutral position at the @entity1 's side and the elbow in 90 degrees of flexion. The test is positive when @entity158 is produced with this maneuver. All @entity1 (379) evaluated for @entity158 during 1 calendar year were studied. The @entity1 were divided into external rotation positive (91 @entity1 ) and external rotation negative (311 @entity1 ) groups. @entity1 with @entity158 with a positive external rotation test were presumed to have @entity2585 in the absence of @entity625 . @entity1 diagnosed with @entity2585 received an intra-articular steroid injection and a home therapy program. @entity1 were contacted 10 to 19 months following treatment to determine their status and need for any further care. A diagnosis of @entity2585 was made in 75% of external rotation positive @entity1 (68 @entity1 ). Glenohumeral @entity625 evidenced by radiographs was the only other diagnosis that produced a positive external rotation test (23 @entity1 ) in this group of atraumatic shoulders. Only 1 of 68 @entity1 (1.4%) with a diagnosis of @entity2585 (external rotation positive) had surgery during the follow-up period. However, 86 of 311 (27.7%) @entity1 in the external rotation negative group underwent surgery (P<.0001). In the external rotation positive group, 3 @entity1 (5%) sought second opinions, while 95% (55/58) sought no further care. Our data suggest that @entity1 with a history of @entity158 and a positive external rotation test on examination should be considered for @entity2585 in the absence of @entity625 .

title: The external rotation test in the diagnosis of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['glenohumeral arthritis', 'arthritis']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'atraumatic shoulder pain']

entities_list: @entity2585 :: ('MESH:D002062', 'Disease') :: ['adhesive capsulitis', 'capsulitis']

answer: @entity2585 :: (MESH:D002062,Disease) :: ['adhesive capsulitis']


abstract: Computed tomographic (CT) studies in 39 @entity1 with advanced @entity43 were retrospectively evaluated to assess their accuracy in detection of persistent or recurrent disease as seen at @entity1605 ( @entity1605 ). Twenty @entity1 were studied before June 1983 (group 1), and 19 @entity1 were studied afterward (group 2). There were 16 true-positive, ten true-negative, two false-positive, and 11 false-negative examinations. Five false-negative studies resulted from @entity66 found at @entity1605 . In group 1, there were eight false-negative studies. In five, macroscopic disease was not recognized. In group 2, there were three false-negative studies; in one, macroscopic disease was not recognized. Statistical analysis showed an observable improvement in the accuracy in group 2. The differences included use of faster scanners, routine use of thin sections for the pelvis, and air-contrast colonic opacification in group 2. These results suggest that carefully performed scanning on state-of-the-art equipment may have a higher accuracy in documenting persistent or recurrent @entity5 .

title: Accuracy of CT in detection of persistent or recurrent @entity43 : correlation with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1605 :: ('OMIM:217000', 'Disease') :: ['SLL', 'second-look laparotomy']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['microscopic disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['macroscopic tumor']

answer: @entity1605 :: (OMIM:217000,Disease) :: ['second-look laparotomy']


abstract: Background. @entity281 with high-risk @entity1082 (HR-HPV) has been demonstrated to be the necessary causal factor for developing @entity5 . To know the most prevalent HR-HPV in different geographical areas is important to design diagnostic tests and implementation of vaccines. Objectives. The goal of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of HR-HPV in a total of 1001 @entity1 , 198 with normal cytology results, 498 with low-grade squamous @entity75 (LSIL), and 205 with @entity2784 ( @entity2784 ) who attended our gynaecology department for opportunistic screening of @entity281 . Study design. Cervical samples were taken in a PreservCyt vial (Cytyc Corporation, Boxborough, MA). Hybrid capture assay was carried out following the manufacturer's instructions (Digene Corp., Gaithersburg, @entity601 ). All samples were further studied with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (Linear Array HPV Genotyping Test, Roche Diagnostics, Mannheim, Germany). Results. Genotype 16 was the most prevalent HR-HPV in the three groups, 17.8% in the @entity1 with normal cytology results, 22.3% in the LSIL group, and 60% in the @entity2784 group. Genotype 18 had a very low prevalence in all groups. Other HR-HPV genotypes such as genotype 31, genotype 58 and genotype 52 were found in significant numbers in @entity2784 @entity1 . Discussion. Our data show that genotypes 16, 31, 58, and 52 are the most prevalent HR-HPV in cervical samples with severe @entity75 in Spain. There may be some geographical variation in prevalence of carcinogenic types, and it must be considered for designing diagnostic tests and vaccine.

title: Prevalence and Distribution of High-Risk Genotypes of HPV in @entity1 with Severe XXXX in Madrid, Spain: Importance of Detecting Genotype 16 and Other High-Risk Genotypes.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cervical cancer']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['intraepithelial lesion']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['HPV infection', 'Persistent infection']

entities_list: @entity1082 :: ('10566', 'Species') :: ['human papillomavirus']

entities_list: @entity2784 :: ('MESH:D065310', 'Disease') :: ['HSIL', 'high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion']

answer: @entity75 :: (MESH:D001927,Disease) :: ['Cervical Lesions']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Atopy commonly manifests itself as @entity66 ( @entity66 ), namely @entity565 , @entity484 and @entity2023 . The prevalence of @entity195 is rising worldwide, and it is widely accepted as a major public health issue, due to the significant burden of @entity195 on health care systems. METHOD: Data were obtained from the youth survey of the European Urban Health Indicator System 2 project. The study @entity1 were students aged 14-16 years from Greater Manchester. The main outcomes measured were the prevalence of @entity1109 and the factors associated with the development of @entity402 . RESULTS: Of the sample studied, 70% reported having had an @entity195 during their lifetime. The lifetime prevalence of ever having @entity565 , @entity484 or @entity2023 was 33.4%, 28.1% and 49.0%, respectively. Gender, family affluence, body mass index, diet, smoking and worrying were all significantly associated with @entity1109 . Smoking was the only variable to be significantly associated with all three @entity66 . Season of birth and pollution were not shown to be associated with @entity1109 . CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that the prevalence of @entity195 in Greater Manchester was high amongst adolescents. Several environmental, demographic and social factors were found to be significantly associated with the development of @entity1109 . This study provides a baseline for future studies to further investigate the factors that are associated with @entity195 and allow for the implementation of preventative public health policy.

title: What factors are associated with the prevalence of XXXX amongst adolescents in Greater Manchester?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['atopic diseases', 'ADs']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['atopic symptoms']

answer: @entity1109 :: (MESH:D012678,Disease) :: ['atopic symptoms']


abstract: Survival trends in survival for @entity5 in Europe are varied. Five-year survival varied around 60-64% but numbers below 50% have been commonly reported. The aim of this study was to assess the factors influencing survival in @entity1 with @entity5 in our region. A total of 128 male and 5 female @entity1 with @entity5 (91 glottic and 42 supraglottic) were treated at Patras University Hospital between March 1992 and August 2004. Except 3, all were smokers and 56 (41%) heavy @entity285 users. Postsurgical staging showed that most had been classified at stages III (38%) and IV (49%). By histology, 31 @entity5 were classified as poorly differentiated, 78 as moderately differentiated and 23 as well differentiated. All @entity1 underwent laryngectomy with extension of the procedure where appropriate. Also, a total of 45 @entity1 received adjuvant therapy (either chemotherapy or radiotherapy). Farmers, construction workers, professional drivers and mechanics and coffee shop and bar employees account for more than 70% of @entity1 . Results showed that 64 (48.1%) @entity1 died during the follow-up, 58 (43.6%) of them died from cause related to their disease. With a median follow-up of 25 months, the 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) was 53% and the 5-year @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) was 45%. Significant prognostic factors for @entity1349 included @entity1 age, advanced staging, heavy @entity285 use and poor @entity5 differentiation while for DFS affected mainly by poor @entity5 differentiation. We conclude that the disease stage at presentation, @entity5 grade and @entity285 consumption prove to be important predictors for the @entity1349 as well as the DFS in our series.

title: Survival after laryngectomy: a review of 133 XXXX with laryngeal carcinoma.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'laryngeal cancer', 'larynx cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: The irregular, aperiodic character of the EEG is usually explained by a stochastic model. In this view the EEG is linearly filtered noise. According to chaos theory such irregular signals can also result from low dimensional deterministic chaos. In this case the underlying dynamics is nonlinear, and has only few effective degrees of freedom. In contrast, stochastic models are less efficient, because they require in principle infinite degrees of freedom. Chaotic dynamics in the EEG can be studied by calculating the correlation dimension (D2). Although it has become clear that D2 calculations alone cannot prove chaos, the D2 has potential value as an EEG diagnostic. In this study we investigated whether D2 could be used to discriminate EEGs from normal controls, demented @entity1 and @entity304 @entity1 . We have analyzed epochs (20 channels; 2.5 s) from 52 EEGs (20 controls; 15 @entity1 with @entity303 ; 17 @entity1 with @entity191 ). Controls had a mean D2 of 6.5 (0.9); demented @entity1 of 4.4 (1.5), and @entity304 @entity1 of 5.3 (0.9). Both groups were significantly different from controls (p < 0.001). There was a significant positive correlation between D2 and relative power in the beta band (r = 0.81) and a significant negative correlation between D2 and power in the delta (r = -0.60) and theta band (r = -0.37). These results suggest the possible usefulness of multichannel D2 estimation in a clinical setting.

title: Non-linear dynamical analysis of multichannel EEG: clinical applications in XXXX and @entity191 .

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity304 :: ('MESH:D010302', 'Disease') :: ['Parkinson']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease"]

answer: @entity303 :: (MESH:D003704,Disease) :: ['dementia']


abstract: A @entity586 ( @entity587 ) pellet (4 mg) inserted under each ovarian bursa on day 9 of pregnancy induced within 24 h, a 40% decline in serum @entity1420 (P) concentrations in @entity35 ; a further reduction was observed on days 12 and 15. Although P levels were significantly reduced by @entity587 treatment, fetuses remained alive on day 12. However, by day 15, @entity5852 occurred in 75% of the @entity35 , indicating that a decline in P secretion precedes abortion, To further determine whether the abortifacient action of @entity587 was due to its luteolytic effect, 20-cm @entity587 capsules were implanted subcutaneously in ovariectomized @entity35 treated with 4 mg P and 0.5 micrograms of @entity53 (E). Control @entity35 were sham-operated and treated with empty capsules. @entity587 treatment induced @entity5852 by day 15 only in @entity35 with ovaries present, further indicating that @entity587 was not directly detrimental to the fetuses but acted on the ovaries to induce luteolysis. When @entity587 treatment was started on day 12, no luteolytic effect was detectable. To determine whether the effect of @entity587 was mediated by either a decrease in the ovarian production of E, a decline in luteal cell content of luteinizing hormone (LH) receptors or both, @entity251 (T) levels in the peripheral circulation and E and P concentrations in the ovarian vein were measured on day 15 in @entity35 implanted with two @entity587 pellets under the ovarian bursa on day 9. Luteal content of LH receptors was also measured on day 12 in similarly treated @entity35 . @entity587 treatment had no effect on serum levels or on ovarian vein concentration of E, but induced a significant decrease in the ovarian vein levels of P. @entity587 also did not depress @entity7813 content in corpora lutea. @entity587 levels in the ovaries increase significantly between days 18 and 22 of pregnancy, concomitant with the cessation of corpus luteum function. These results indicate that @entity587 possesses a potent luteolytic activity and could be involved in the luteolytic process in the pregnant @entity35 .

title: Induction of luteolysis by XXXX in the pregnant @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity5852 :: ('MESH:D000031', 'Disease') :: ['complete abortion']

entities_list: @entity586 :: ('MESH:D013196', 'Chemical') :: ['dihydrotestosterone']

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['estradiol']

answer: @entity586 :: (MESH:D013196,Chemical) :: ['dihydrotestosterone']


abstract: @entity74 ( @entity3986 ) is caused by a trinucleotide repeat expansion in exon 1 of the @entity6695 ( @entity6695 ) gene on chromosome 14q. A large family with @entity3986 was recently identified in Pretoria, South Africa (SA). Molecular studies revealed a (GCG)11(GCA)3GCG or (GCN)15 mutant allele. The (GCN)15 mutation detected in this family has been described previously in families from Uruguay and Mexico as a founder effect. To our knowledge, this is the first report of an SA Afrikaner family with molecularly confirmed @entity3986 . The proband, a 64-year-old @entity1 , presented to the neurology outpatient department at Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Pretoria. A sibship of 18 individuals was identified, of whom eight had @entity3986 . Four @entity1 were interviewed and examined clinically, and electromyographic studies were performed. Molecular analysis of the @entity6695 gene was performed by polymerase chain reaction amplification and direct sequencing of exon 1 in three of the @entity1 . @entity1 presented with @entity1736 , external @entity4610 , @entity1282 , @entity4653 and mild proximal weakness. High foot arches and absent ankle reflexes raised the possibility of @entity1897 , but electromyography showed only mildly low sensory amplitudes, and @entity121 units in two @entity1 .

title: A South African family with XXXX : Clinical and molecular genetic characteristics.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'woman', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity6695 :: ('8106', 'Gene') :: ['PABPN1', 'polyadenylate binding protein nuclear 1']

entities_list: @entity4610 :: ('MESH:D009886', 'Disease') :: ['ophthalmoplegia']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['Autosomal dominantly inherited oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['dysphagia']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['myopathic']

entities_list: @entity4653 :: ('MESH:D004401', 'Disease') :: ['dysarthria']

answer: @entity3986 :: (MESH:D009136,Disease) :: ['oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy']


abstract: Intracellular recordings in @entity35 hippocampal slices were used to examine how exogenous and endogenous cholinergic agonists modulate the firing pattern of intrinsically burst-firing pyramidal cells. About 24% of @entity1249 pyramidal cells generated all-or-none, high-frequency bursts of fast action potentials in response to intracellular injection of long positive current pulses. Application of @entity5402 (5 microM) converted burst firing in these neurons into regular trains of independent spikes. @entity934 (5 microM) exerted a similar effect, provided @entity934 esterase activity was blocked with @entity1339 (2 microM). @entity3897 (1 microM) reversed this cholinergic effect, indicating its mediation by muscarinic receptors. Cholinergic agonists also caused mild @entity528 but the block of intrinsic burst firing was independent of this effect. Repetitive stimulation of cholinergic fibres in the presence of @entity1339 (2 microM) evoked a slow cholinergic excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) lasting about a minute. During the slow EPSP, burst firing could not be evoked by depolarizing pulses and the neurons fired in regular mode. These effects were prevented by pretreatment with @entity3897 (1 microM). Exogenously applied cholinergic agonists and endogenously released @entity934 also reduced spike frequency accommodation and suppressed the long-duration afterhyperpolarization in burst-firing pyramidal cells in an @entity3897 -sensitive manner. A membrane-permeable @entity268 analogue ( @entity5987 ; 1 microM) also reduced frequency accommodation and blocked the long-duration afterhyperpolarization, but did not affect intrinsic burst firing at all. Taken together, the data show that muscarinic receptor stimulation transforms the stereotyped, phasic response of burst-firing neurons into stimulus-graded, tonic discharge.

title: Muscarinic modulation of intrinsic burst firing in XXXX hippocampal neurons.

entities_list: @entity3897 :: ('MESH:D001285', 'Chemical') :: ['Atropine', 'atropine']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['neuronal depolarization']

entities_list: @entity5402 :: ('MESH:D002217', 'Chemical') :: ['carbachol']

entities_list: @entity1339 :: ('MESH:D009388', 'Chemical') :: ['neostigmine']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine', 'Acetylcholine']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: Memory-guided saccades, made to a remembered location to which gaze was directed before a passive @entity717 (i.e. with a vestibular input), were electro-oculographically recorded in 24 @entity1 with various cortical lesions and in 18 control subjects. Anticipation and latency, direction errors and accuracy of the first saccade, stability of eye position in @entity735 were quantified. @entity1 were divided into small groups, each with lesions affecting one of the following cortical areas: left or @entity735 (FEF), left or right prefrontal cortex (area 46 of Brodmann) (PFC), @entity2194 (SEF), left or right @entity550 ( @entity550 ) and right parieto-temporal cortex (PTC). There were some abnormalities in the results of the right FEF group, concerning anticipation, direction errors and latency of the first saccade, but no abnormality in the accuracy of the first saccade or of the final eye position. Results in the left FEF group were normal. Accuracy of the first saccade was impaired in the SEF group, bilaterally. Final eye position was also inaccurate in the SEF group. In both PFC groups, significant and, in general, bilateral abnormalities existed for all tested parameters. Accuracy of the first saccade was impaired in the PTC group, leftwards. In contrast, the results in both @entity550 groups were not significantly different from those of control subjects. Our results suggest that (i) the PFC is involved in the memorization of saccade goals probably encoded in spatiotopic coordinates; (ii) the SEF, but not the FEF, is involved in the control of accuracy of these vestibular-derived goal-directed saccades; (iii) the PTC (i.e. the vestibular cortex), but not the @entity550 , is involved in the control of such saccades. Therefore, a cortical network different from that involved in the control of memory-guided saccades made to visual targets, with only the PFC in common, could control vestibular-derived goal-directed saccades.

title: Cortical control of vestibular-guided saccades in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2194 :: ('MESH:D005128', 'Disease') :: ['left supplementary eye field']

entities_list: @entity550 :: ('MESH:D000303', 'Disease') :: ['PPC', 'posterior parietal cortex']

entities_list: @entity735 :: ('MESH:D005124', 'Disease') :: ['darkness and final eye position', 'right frontal eye field']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['body rotation']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['man']


abstract: PURPOSE: To present 5-year data on treatment efficacy, cosmetic results, and @entity137 for @entity1 enrolled on the American Society of Breast Surgeons MammoSite breast brachytherapy registry trial. METHODS AND MATERIALS: A total of 1440 @entity1 (1449 cases) with @entity0 receiving breast-conserving therapy were treated with the MammoSite device to deliver accelerated partial-breast irradiation (APBI) (34 Gy in 3.4-Gy fractions). Of 1449 cases, 1255 (87%) had @entity0 ( @entity0 ) (median size, 10 mm) and 194 (13%) had @entity3821 ( @entity3821 ) (median size, 8 mm). Median follow-up was 54 months. RESULTS: Thirty-seven cases (2.6%) developed an ipsilateral @entity0 recurrence (IBTR), for a 5-year actuarial rate of 3.80% (3.86% for @entity0 and 3.39% for @entity3821 ). Negative @entity172 receptor status (p=0.0011) was the only clinical, pathologic, or treatment-related variable associated with IBTR for @entity1 with @entity0 and young age (<50 years; p=0.0096) and positive margin status (p=0.0126) in those with @entity3821 . The percentage of breasts with good/excellent cosmetic results at 60 months (n=371) was 90.6%. Symptomatic @entity0 were reported in 13.0% of cases, and 2.3% developed fat @entity39 . A subset analysis of the first 400 consecutive cases enrolled was performed (352 with @entity0 , 48 @entity3821 ). With a median follow-up of 60.5 months, the 5-year actuarial rate of IBTR was 3.04%. CONCLUSION: Treatment efficacy, cosmesis, and @entity137 5 years after treatment with APBI using the MammoSite device are good and similar to those reported with other forms of APBI with similar follow-up.

title: Five-year analysis of treatment efficacy and cosmesis by the American Society of Breast Surgeons MammoSite Breast Brachytherapy Registry Trial in XXXX treated with accelerated partial breast irradiation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity3821 :: ('MESH:D002285', 'Disease') :: ['ductal carcinoma in situ', 'DCIS']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast tumor', 'early-stage breast cancer', 'invasive breast cancer', 'IBC', 'breast seromas']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: AIMS: To compare the incidence of @entity7494 gravidarum among Pacific Islanders living in Wellington with nonPacific Islanders and to investigate some properties of the disorder. METHODS: Data were collected on all first time admissions to Wellington @entity1 's Hospital for @entity7494 gravidarum over a 5-year period. @entity1 were classified as having severe @entity7494 gravidarum if abnormalities of serum electrolytes and liver function tests results were present and as less severe if these abnormalities were absent. Almost all @entity1 had @entity1270 . Mantel-Haenszel odds ratios, chi 2 analysis and Fisher's 2-tailed exact test were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: The proportion of @entity7494 gravidarum @entity1 who were Pacific Islanders was significantly increased when compared to their proportion in a control group (p < 0.01). The difference remained significant when the @entity7494 @entity1 were divided into less and more severe. @entity1374 test results were more common among Pacific Island @entity1 than among nonPacific Island @entity1 . This difference was significant (p < 0.01) only in the less severe group. CONCLUSION: The incidence of @entity7494 gravidarum is significantly increased among Pacific Island @entity1 (especially Samoans) living in Wellington and is often associated with abnormalities of thyroid function test results.

title: The incidence of XXXX gravidarum is increased among Pacific Islanders living in Wellington.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'Women']

entities_list: @entity7494 :: ('MESH:D006939', 'Disease') :: ['hyperemesis']

entities_list: @entity1270 :: ('MESH:D007662', 'Disease') :: ['ketonuria']

entities_list: @entity1374 :: ('MESH:D013959', 'Disease') :: ['Abnormal thyroid function']

answer: @entity7494 :: (MESH:D006939,Disease) :: ['hyperemesis']


abstract: A case is reported of a 68-year-old @entity1 admitted in the ICU for acute exacerbation of a @entity1030 . The @entity825 was intubated and the lungs ventilated mechanically. She received sedation including @entity1363 and @entity4390 1 mg.h-1. On the 6th day, she experienced a massive @entity384 (caecal diameter of 10 cm at X-ray examination). A colonoscopy was performed which showed the absence of obstruction, confirmed the diagnosis of @entity4391 and allowed a decompression which was inefficient. A new colonoscopic decompression was performed on the 8th day, without prolonged effect. At that time, the @entity1 was given @entity4392 in her gastric tube (80 mg). This treatment restarted the bowel movements within 48 hours and the caecal diameter decreased immediately to 7 cm. @entity4392 was maintained for 10 days and mechanical ventilation for 30 days. No further dilation occurred during this time and the @entity1 was discharged from the ICU. Few cases of @entity4391 successfully treated with @entity4392 have been reported in the literature. The efficacy of this agent for the treatment of @entity4391 remains to be assessed in a controlled study.

title: [Treatment of acute XXXX ( @entity4391 ) by @entity4392 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4392 :: ('MESH:D020117', 'Chemical') :: ['Cisapride', 'cisapride']

entities_list: @entity4391 :: ('MESH:D003112', 'Disease') :: ["Ogilvie's syndrome", 'pseudo-obstruction of the colon']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['colonic dilation']

entities_list: @entity4390 :: ('MESH:D010638', 'Chemical') :: ['phenoperidine']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic obstructive respiratory disease']

entities_list: @entity1363 :: ('MESH:D008874', 'Chemical') :: ['midazolam']

answer: @entity4391 :: (MESH:D003112,Disease) :: ['colonic pseudoobstruction']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Despite their centrality to learning theories, strikingly little attention has been paid to the role of cognitions in efforts to understand associations between @entity1005 ( @entity1005 ) and @entity285 drinking. In the present study, we sought to examine information processing pathways for @entity130 and @entity285 information, and the effects of posttraumatic stress and @entity130 cue exposure on these pathways. @entity1 were college students (N  =  232; 49% female; Mage  =  19.56,SD  =  1.44) categorized into three diagnostic groups based on current @entity1005 status determined by structured clinical interview. These students then were exposed to a personalized @entity130 or neutral cue script, followed by a Stroop task modified to include @entity130 , @entity285 , and contrast words. Indices of mood and urge to drink @entity285 were administered throughout the task. Findings revealed that those with @entity1005 who were exposed to the personalized @entity130 cue showed a general response slowing across all stimuli types on the Stroop task. Intriguingly, this slowing effect was significantly associated with urge to drink @entity285 for only those @entity1005 @entity1 who were exposed to the @entity130 cues. In contrast, we did not find support for the hypothesis that @entity130 cues would lead to attention bias to @entity130 and @entity285 specific Stroop stimuli among @entity1 with @entity1005 , nor did slower RT for specific word types predict unique variance in urge to drink @entity285 . Findings suggest that individual ( @entity1005 ) and environmental (cue) circumstances may work conjointly to precipitate changes in cognitive processing - changes that may have implications for drinking motivation. Given the importance of cognition in the etiology of both @entity1005 and drinking, this is a mechanism that warrants further investigation.

title: Examining cognitive examining cognitive processes and drinking urge in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity1005 :: ('MESH:D013313', 'Disease') :: ['posttraumatic stress disorder', 'PTSD']

answer: @entity1005 :: (MESH:D013313,Disease) :: ['PTSD']


abstract: It has been recognized that there are gender disparities in the admission rates to @entity146 units. While the community prevalence of the major non-organic @entity914 are thought to have no gender bias, @entity914 such as @entity308 are more commonly diagnosed in @entity1 . Gender differences in admission may indicate differences in severity or in presentation to @entity146 services and would have important implications for the targeting of preventative strategies. The case notes of all admissions to the @entity146 unit at the San Fernando General Hospital were obtained for the calendar year 1999. The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) diagnoses and gender were analysed to determine the distribution of diagnostic categories by gender. A total of 119 @entity1 were admitted to the unit for the first time in the period under review, 72 were male (60.5%) and 47 were female (39.5%). There were no significant differences in age by gender. Substance use related admissions and @entity716 ( @entity161 spectrum and affective psychoses) were significantly more common in @entity1 (p = 0.006; p = 0.03 respectively). These differences were especially marked for those of East Indian descent. Non- @entity716 were more commonly diagnosed among @entity1 (p = 0.0008). These findings suggest that a larger proportion of males are admitted to the general hospital @entity146 unit among first time admissions. This is also true for re-admissions. @entity1 are more likely to be diagnosed with substance use and @entity914 , while for @entity1 , @entity308 and non- @entity716 are the main diagnoses. Community surveys are needed to determine whether this demographic pattern of admission reflects the population prevalence of these disorders. Reduction of admission rates will require interventions that are sensitive to gender differences in diagnosis among those admitted to @entity146 units.

title: Gender and ethnicity in first admissions to a XXXX unit in Trinidad.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'Men', 'men']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression', 'major depression']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

entities_list: @entity914 :: ('MESH:D011618', 'Disease') :: ['psychotic mental disorders', 'non-psychotic disorders', 'psychotic disorders']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychotic illnesses']

answer: @entity146 :: (MESH:D001523,Disease) :: ['psychiatric']


abstract: We developed tests to measure @entity2263 - @entity69 , and then used this method to investigate the efficiency of @entity2263 - @entity69 in the diagnosis of @entity5254 and @entity2972 . We also assessed whether the immunochemical method satisfied the five requirements, which are important in the modern investigation of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF): High rate of accuracy; Wide area of application; Rapid availability; High sensitivity; No risks to the @entity1 . 14 @entity1 known to be suffering from a @entity5173 were investigated with special attention to the above five points. Eight @entity1 had a CSF @entity2972 , five a @entity5254 , and one @entity1 had a post operative @entity5173 from a retroauricular wound. In temporal @entity174 with @entity5173 regular insertion of sterilized foam rubber sponges into the ear allows adequate samples to be collected. In @entity5254 with profuse leakage there is no difficulty in collecting enough fluid for analysis. If there is too little fluid or if the question of localization arises we insert sterile sponges, as for CSF @entity2972 , into the right and the left of the nose as far as the nasopharynx. They are left in place for 6 hours to provide an adequate sample. The analysis of the samples of CSF @entity2972 showed a protein content of 3-6 g/l whereas the samples of @entity5254 , especially from sponges, showed a content of up to 39 g/l.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Initial clinical experiences with XXXX - @entity69 in oto- and @entity5254 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['bone fractures']

entities_list: @entity5254 :: ('MESH:D002559', 'Disease') :: ['rhinorrhea', 'cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea', 'CSF rhinorrhea']

entities_list: @entity5173 :: ('MESH:D065634', 'Disease') :: ['CSF leakage']

answer: @entity2263 :: (10242,Gene) :: ['beta 2']


abstract: AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: @entity417 ( @entity417 ) is one of the most common forms of @entity417 . It is defined as @entity417 occurring in @entity281 , inflammatory conditions or @entity5 which are not due to marrow @entity942 , and occurring despite the presence of adequate @entity68 stores and @entity2221 . @entity2521 is one of the most prevalent chronic inflammatory diseases in @entity1 . This study aimed at finding out if @entity2521 , like other inflammatory conditions, could lead to @entity417 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty chronic generalized @entity2521 male @entity1 with hemoglobin levels below 15 mg/dl and serum ferritin values above 30 ng/ml were selected. The various blood parameters recorded at baseline were hemoglobin levels(Hb), erythrocyte count (RBC), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), mean corpuscular volume(MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC). PERIODONTAL PARAMETERS RECORDED AT BASELINE INCLUDED: plaque index, gingival index, probing pocket depth, clinical attachment level. Periodontal treatment including surgery if required was carried out in all the @entity1 . Periodontal status of @entity1 was monitored by repeating evaluation of periodontal indices at three months and at the end of one year. The hematological values were again measured at the end of one year. RESULTS: The results showed that correction of periodontal @entity32 resulted in a significant increase in hemoglobin levels and erythrocyte counts. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate showed a reduction indicating resolution of periodontal @entity32 . There was a significant, but much lesser, improvement in MCV, MCH and MCHC values. CONCLUSION: The results of this study showed that treatment of @entity2521 leads to an improvement in hematocrit and other related blood parameters in chronic generalized @entity2521 @entity1 with @entity417 . This provides evidence that @entity2521 like other @entity102 may also cause @entity417 .

title: Effect of periodontal therapy on hemoglobin and erythrocyte levels in chronic generalized XXXX @entity1 : An interventional study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity417 :: ('MESH:D000740', 'Disease') :: ['Anemia of chronic disease', 'ACD', 'anemia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplastic disorders']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic diseases']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['chronic infections']

entities_list: @entity2221 :: ('CHEBI:33229', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamins']

entities_list: @entity2521 :: ('MESH:D010518', 'Disease') :: ['periodontitis', 'Periodontitis']

entities_list: @entity942 :: ('MESH:D003677', 'Disease') :: ['deficiencies or other diseases']

answer: @entity2521 :: (MESH:D010518,Disease) :: ['periodontitis']


abstract: @entity35 extensor digitorum longus muscles were overloaded by stretch after removal of the synergist tibialis anterior muscle to determine the relationship between capillary growth, muscle blood flow, and presence of growth factors. After 2 wk, sarcomere length increased from 2.4 to 2.9 micrometers. Capillary-to-fiber ratio, estimated from alkaline phosphatase-stained frozen sections, was increased by 33% (P < 0.0001) and 60% (P < 0.01), compared with control muscles (1.44 +/- 0.06) after 2 and 8 wk, respectively. At 2 wk, the increased capillary-to-fiber ratio was not associated with any changes in mRNA for @entity664 ( @entity664 ) or its protein distribution. @entity664 immunoreactivity was present in nerves and large blood vessels but was negative in capillaries, whereas the activity of low-molecular endothelial-cell-stimulating angiogenic factor (ESAF) was 50% higher in stretched muscles. Muscle blood flows measured by radiolabeled microspheres during contractions were not significantly different after 2 or 8 wk (132 +/- 37 and 177 +/- 22 ml. min-1. 100 g-1, respectively) from weight-matched controls (156 +/- 12 and 150 +/- 10 ml. min-1. 100 g-1, respectively). Resistance to fatigue during 5-min isometric contractions (final/peak tension x 100) was similar in 2-wk overloaded and contralateral muscles (85 vs. 80%) and enhanced after 8 wk to 92%, compared with 77% in contralateral muscles and 67% in controls. We conclude that increased blood flow cannot be responsible for initiating expansion of the capillary bed, nor does it explain the reduced fatigue within overloaded muscles. However, stretch can present a mechanical stimulus to capillary growth, acting either directly on the capillary abluminal surface or by upregulating ESAF, but not @entity664 , in the extracellular matrix.

title: Capillary growth in relation to blood flow and performance in overloaded XXXX skeletal muscle.

entities_list: @entity664 :: ('54250(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['basic fibroblast growth factor', 'FGF-2']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Emergency postpartum hysterectomy (EPH) is usually considered the final resort for the management of postpartum @entity548 (PPH). The aim of this observational study was to identify the risk factors for EPH, to evaluate the ability of EPH to stop @entity548 and, finally, to estimate its @entity3355 . METHODS: This was a retrospective analysis of postpartum hysterectomy in all @entity1 with PPH admitted between 2004 and 2011 to Lariboisi  re Hospital. We compared @entity1 for whom EPH was successful and those who required an @entity1442 ( @entity1442 ) to stop the @entity548 despite hysterectomy. We also evaluated the severe PPH (SPPH) score in this particular setting. The @entity341 was also assessed. RESULTS: A total of 44 hysterectomies were performed among 869 cases of PPH. Twenty were successful, while an additional @entity1442 was required in 22 others (50%). Prothrombin time<50% and a shorter interval between the onset of PPH and hysterectomy were independently associated with the need for an additional @entity1442 . The area under the ROC curve of the SPPH score to predict the need for another @entity1442 was 0.738 (95% confidence interval 0.548-0.748). Furthermore, 64% of the hysterectomized @entity1 suffered from @entity1005 . CONCLUSION: Failure of postpartum hysterectomy to control @entity548 was frequent, and it was associated with persistence of @entity1003 . Hysterectomy in this context had important psychological impacts.

title: Emergency hysterectomy for life-threatening postpartum @entity548 : Risk factors and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage', 'bleeding']

entities_list: @entity3355 :: ('MESH:D014095', 'Disease') :: ['psychological impact']

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['psychological impact of emergency hysterectomy']

entities_list: @entity1003 :: ('MESH:D001778', 'Disease') :: ['coagulopathy']

entities_list: @entity1005 :: ('MESH:D013313', 'Disease') :: ['post-traumatic stress disorder']

entities_list: @entity1442 :: ('MESH:D020178', 'Disease') :: ['AIP', 'advanced interventional procedure']

answer: @entity3355 :: (MESH:D014095,Disease) :: ['psychological impact']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity455 has been described in @entity1 with @entity649 ( @entity649 ). Veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO) is a well-established treatment for these @entity1 . We hypothesized that severe @entity455 and cor pulmonale identified by echocardiography before cannulation in these @entity1 were associated with worse survival. METHODS: Echocardiography was used to identify @entity120 in 21 @entity1 with refractory @entity649 just before ECMO implantation. Survival was compared for those with and without cor pulmonale. RESULTS: In our series, the overall mortality rate was 57.1% (12/21). Echocardiographic exams were transthoracic in 5 @entity1 (23.8%), transesophageal in 4 @entity1 (19%), and both (transthoracic and transesophageal) in the remaining 12 @entity1 (57.1%). In our series, six @entity1 (28.5%) showed @entity409 . @entity3618 was detectable in 2 @entity1 (9.5%), while the remaining 19 @entity1 showed moderate @entity358 . Survivors had a higher pre-cannulation LV ejection fraction (EF) (P  =  0.02) and tricuspid annular plane excursion (P  =  0.04), and lower peak systolic pulmonary artery pressures (P  =  0.02). CONCLUSIONS: In @entity1 with refractory @entity649 immediately before ECMO implantation, the prevalence of acute cor pulmonale is low (9.5%). Survival is associated with higher LVEF and lower systolic pulmonary arterial pressure. These findings support the idea that echocardiographic assessment of pulmonary artery pressure in @entity1 with refractory @entity649 before VV-ECMO implantation may have value for risk-stratification.

title: @entity455 in refractory XXXX before veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['Pulmonary vascular dysfunction', 'pulmonary vascular dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity3618 :: ('MESH:D011660', 'Disease') :: ['Acute cor pulmonale']

entities_list: @entity649 :: ('MESH:D012128', 'Disease') :: ['ARDS', 'acute respiratory distress syndrome']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['LV dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity120 :: ('MESH:D006976', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary hypertension']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary dysfunction']

answer: @entity649 :: (MESH:D012128,Disease) :: ['acute respiratory distress syndrome']


abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate factors that contribute to the development of @entity4034 of the foot after a @entity9737 wound in @entity1 with @entity6 . Forty-five male and 21 female adults with @entity6 that were admitted to the hospital for a @entity281 precipitated by a @entity9737 were included in the study. Twenty-two (33%) @entity1 had @entity4034 (O) based on either a positive bone culture or pathology report. Forty-four @entity1 had soft tissue infections (ST). Age and duration of @entity6 were similar in both groups. @entity1 with @entity4034 received medical treatment later than @entity1 with soft tissue infections. A significant difference was identified when comparing the time interval from the time of the injury until @entity1 were hospitalized and until they had the @entity9737 wound surgically debrided, and when comparing the interval from when @entity1 first received initial professional medical evaluation until they were hospitalized and until they had the @entity9737 wound surgically debrided. @entity1 with punctures involving the forefoot (FF) and @entity1 that wore shoes (S) at the time of the injury were more likely to develop @entity4034 than @entity1 that had rearfoot (RF) injuries O: FF = 20, 90%, RF = 2, 10%, ST: FF = 30, 70%, RF = 13, 30%, p < 0.05) and @entity1 that were barefoot (B) at the time of injury (O: S = 15, 88%, B = 2, 12%, ST: S = 21, 57%, B = 16, 43%, p < 0.05). @entity4034 is a common complication in @entity1 with @entity6 with a @entity281 following a @entity9737 wound.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Infected @entity9737 wounds in adults with XXXX : risk factors for @entity4034 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity4034 :: ('MESH:D010019', 'Disease') :: ['Osteomyelitis', 'osteomyelitis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['foot infection']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']


abstract: The probiotic bacterium @entity526 Nissle 1917 ( @entity23783 ) constitutes a prospective vector for delivering heterologous therapeutic molecules to treat several @entity1 disorders. To add versatility to this carrier system, bacteria should be equipped with expression modules that can be regulated deliberately in a temporal and quantitative manner. This approach is called in vivo remote control (IVRC) of bacterial vectors. Here, we have evaluated promoters P(araBAD), P(rhaBAD) and P(tet), which can be induced with @entity4583 , @entity10547 or @entity23784 , respectively. @entity23783 harboring promoter constructs with luciferase as reporter gene were administered either orally to healthy @entity19 or intravenously to @entity5 bearing animals. Subsequent to bacterial colonization of tissues, inducer substances were administered via the oral or systemic route. By use of in vivo bioluminescence imaging, the time course of reporter gene expression was analyzed. Each promoter displayed a specific in vivo induction profile depending on the niche of bacterial residence and the route of inducer administration. Importantly, we also observed colonization of gall bladders of @entity19 when @entity23783 was administered systemically at high doses. Bacteria in this anatomical compartment remained accessible to remote control of bacterial gene expression.

title: Drug-inducible remote control of gene expression by probiotic @entity526 Nissle 1917 in intestine, XXXX and gall bladder of @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity10547 :: ('CHEBI:62346', 'Chemical') :: ['L-rhamnose']

entities_list: @entity4583 :: ('MESH:D001089', 'Chemical') :: ['L-arabinose']

entities_list: @entity23784 :: ('MESH:C016229', 'Chemical') :: ['anhydrotetracycline']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumor']


abstract: Secondary chromosomal aberrations were surveyed in @entity1893 ( @entity1893 ) reported in the literature with one of the following, presently recognized, primary abnormalities: t(2;5), +3, t(3;14), del(6q), +X, and -Y. Of 2,175 NHLs with clonal karyotypic changes, 908 (42%) had one of the 13 selected primary chromosome rearrangements, and 670 (74%) of these @entity706 displayed @entity854 . The type and frequency of the secondary aberrations were ascertained and then correlated with both the type of primary abnormality and morphologic subtype; low-, intermediate, and high-grade according to the Working Formulation. The incidence of secondary aberrations differed not only among the primary abnormality subgroups, from 0% in del(11q) NHLs to 93% in t(3;14) @entity706 (P < .001) but also between B- and T-cell NHLs (78% versus 55%, P< .001) and among the different histologic subgroups: 66% in low-, 85% in intermediate-, and 71% in high-grade @entity706 (P < .001). The mean number of secondary changes per case also varied among the primary abnormalities, from none in del(11q) NHLs to 12.0 in @entity706 (P < .001), and among the morphologic subtypes: 4.6 in low-, 6.7 in intermediate-, and 3.6 in high-grade @entity1893 (P < .001). Recurrent secondary aberrations were found in 6 of the 13 primary abnormality subgroups: t(2;5), t(3;14), t(8;14), t(11;14), inv(14), and t(14;18). The most frequent secondary aberrations were +X, -Y, dup(1q), del(6q) varied both within and among the primary abnormalities; the most frequent imbalances were a gain of 1q23-31 and losses of 6q21, 6q23, and 6q25. Other common imbalances were deletions of 1p31-36, 1q31-44, 2q34-37, 7q35-36, 9p22-24, 11q23-25, 13q13-21, and duplication of 12q13-22. The distribution of the secondary changes was clearly nonrandom with the most common anomalies being -Y and +7 in t(2;5); +X, del(6q), and +7 in t(3;14); dup(1q) and +7 in t(8;14); -Y, del(6q), and -13 in t(11;14); del(6q), -17, and -18 in inv(14); and del(6q), +7, and +12 in @entity12645 . In general, the secondary aberrations were similar in @entity706 of different histologic subtypes but with the same primary abnormality, although some significant differences were discerned: +3, del(6q), +7, and +18 wee more common (P < .01) in intermediate-grade than in high-grade t(8;14) NHLs; monosomy 13 occurred only in intermediate-grade t(11;14) NHLs (P < .05); and +7 and t(8;14)/t(8;22) were more frequent (P < .01 and P< .001, respectively) in high-grade than in low- and intermediate-grade @entity12645 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: Cytogenetic evolution patterns in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ['NHL', "non-Hodgkin's lymphomas"]

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['additional abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphomas', 'inv(14) lymphomas']

answer: @entity1893 :: (MESH:D008228,Disease) :: ['non-Hodgkin's lymphoma']


abstract: Fourteen @entity291 were inoculated intranasally (i.n.) with the viral isolates as follows: 5 with 85/BH 16TV, 1 with 85/BH 17TV, 1 with 85/BH 18TV, 2 with 85/BH 231TN and 5 with 85/BH 232TN. Strain 85/BH 16TV was the only one which caused overt respiratory-like disease in all inoculated @entity291 . Onset of the disease was observed after 7-8 days of incubation and was characterized by fever, @entity308 , nasal discharge and coughing. Virus was isolated from the nasal swabbings of @entity291 obtained from @entity281 ( @entity281 ) 2-10. The other viral strains did not cause any sign of disease although virus was isolated regularly from the nasal swabbings of the inoculated @entity291 . Virus was recovered from central nervous system tissues of @entity291 that were infected with 85/BH 16TV or 85/BH 232TN strains and were killed on @entity281 4 or 8. Virus was also isolated from other tissues, such as lymph node, nasal mucosa ( @entity281 8), or lung ( @entity281 4). It was speculated that the nervous system could be one of the target areas of the virus of the naturally occurring infection by @entity4377 . This might indicate a possible role of the nervous system (site of latency?) in the pathogenesis of @entity4377 as is the case in certain herpesviral infections of @entity1 and the lower animals.

title: Experimental infection of XXXX with strains of Bovid herpesvirus-4.

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['PID', 'post-infection day']

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['calves']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity3657 ( @entity3657 ) is a highly prevalent condition that contributes significantly to the morbidity and mortality of affected @entity1 . @entity3657 creates a significant economic burden on health care systems around the world. We reviewed all available literature to provide a meta-analysis assessing the outcome of @entity1 treated with @entity661 ( @entity661 ) compared with @entity661 ( @entity661 ) through measuring the rate of @entity75 revascularization (TLR). METHODS: An electronic search of the MEDLINE, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases was performed. Articles reporting randomized controlled trials that compared treatment with @entity661 vs @entity661 were selected for inclusion. A meta-analysis was performed by pooling data on rates of TLR, binary restenosis (BR), and late lumen loss (LLL). RESULTS: The 10 included articles comprised a sample size of 1292 @entity1 . Meta-analysis demonstrated the rate of TLR in @entity16905 -treated @entity1 was significantly lower compared with @entity1 treated with @entity661 at 6  months (odds ratio [OR], 0.24; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.11-0.53; P  = .0004), 12  months (OR, 0.28; 95% CI, 0.13-0.62; P  = .002), and 24  months (OR, 0.25; 95% CI, 0.10-0.61; P  = .002). Decreased LLL and BR was demonstrated at 6  months in @entity1 treated with @entity661 compared with @entity1 treated with @entity661 (mean difference,  -0.74; 95% CI,  -0.97 to  -0.51; P  = .00001; OR, 0.34; 95% CI, 0.23-0.49; P  = .00001). CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis demonstrates that treatment with @entity661 compared with @entity661 results in reduced rates of reintervention in @entity1 with @entity3657 . Comparison of @entity661 to other emerging treatments to determine which method results in the lowest reintervention rates and in the greatest improvement in quality of life should be the focus of future trials.

title: Paclitaxel-coated balloon reduces XXXX revascularization compared with standard balloon angioplasty.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3657 :: ('MESH:D058729', 'Disease') :: ['Peripheral arterial disease', 'PAD']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['target lesion']

entities_list: @entity661 :: ('MESH:D054549', 'Disease') :: ['drug-eluting balloons', 'PTA', 'percutaneous transluminal balloon angioplasty', 'DEBs']

answer: @entity75 :: (MESH:D001927,Disease) :: ['target lesion']


abstract: Continuous environmental or occupational exposure to airborne particulate pollution is believed to be a major hazard for @entity1 health. A technique to characterize their deposition and clearance from the lungs is fundamental to understand the underlying mechanisms behind their negative health effects. In this work, we describe a method for production and follow up of ultrafine @entity505 particles labeled with radioactive       @entity4343 (      In). The physicochemical and biological properties of the aerosol are described in terms of particle size and concentration, agglomeration rate, chemical bonding stability, and @entity1 lung deposition and retention. Preliminary in vivo data from a healthy @entity1 pilot exposure and 1-week follow up of the aerosol is presented. More than 98% of the generated aerosol was labeled with @entity4343 and with particle sizes log normally distributed around 79    nm count median diameter. The aerosol showed good generation reproducibility and chemical stability, about 5% leaching 7 days after generation. During @entity1 inhalation, the particles were deposited in the alveolar space, with no central airways involvement. Seven days after exposure, the cumulative activity retention was 95.3%. Activity leaching tests from blood and urine samples confirmed that the observed clearance was explained by unbound activity, suggesting that there was no significant elimination of ultrafine particles. Compared to previously presented methods based on Technegas,       In-labelled ultrafine @entity505 particles allow for extended follow-up assessments of particulate pollution retention in healthy and diseased lungs.

title: Indium XXXX ed ultrafine carbon @entity505 cles; a novel aerosol for pulmonary deposition and retention studies.

answer: @entity4343 :: (MESH:D007204,Chemical) :: ['Indium']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship of @entity908 phosphokinase and its isoenzymes with fetal @entity1763 and risk at birth. METHODS: Thirty-five pregnant @entity1 with high-risk pregnancy were studied. RESULTS: In 21 @entity1 , fetal distress was diagnosed by interpretation of the fetal heart rate tracing (FHR). The remaining 14 @entity1 , having normal fetal cardiotocography, were considered as the control group. Total CK and its isoenzymes activity was measured in cord sera and 24 h after birth in peripheral blood. Abnormal FHR patterns correlate well with elevated enzyme activities. Total CK and its isoenzymes ( @entity16410 , CK-MB, and @entity9055 ) exhibited higher values in asphyxiated @entity1 as compared to normal neonates. @entity63 occurred in seven newborns who had elevated CK-MB and @entity9055 levels, both at birth and within 24 h postpartum. Chromatographic study showed in normal neonates that the predominant isoenzyme was @entity16410 , whereas @entity9055 activity was negligible. In the newborns with abnormal FHR, CK-MB and @entity9055 were increased with predominance of CK-MB. CONCLUSIONS: Antepartum fetal distress is associated with release of @entity9055 , and particularly CK-MB; therefore, these biochemical markers may indicate either brain or @entity296 .

title: Elevation of activity of @entity908 phosphokinase (CK) and its isoenzymes in the newborn is associated with fetal XXXX and risk at birth.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial damage']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['Electrocardiographic ischemia']

entities_list: @entity908 :: ('MESH:D003401', 'Chemical') :: ['creatine']

answer: @entity1763 :: (MESH:D001237,Disease) :: ['asphyxia']


abstract: Deficits in sustained @entity71 ( @entity74 ) are two characteristics of @entity161 that might be expressions of a common pathology. This study examined whether a measure of enduring (post-treatment, stabilized) deficits in sustained attention, the Continuous Performance Test (CPT) could predict @entity74 . In addition, a comparison was made of CPT performance between subjects with @entity161 (n = 41) and healthy controls (n = 28). Results replicated previous findings of significantly poorer performance by individuals with @entity161 compared to normal controls. Within the @entity161 group, significant correlations were found between @entity74 and CPT measures. In order to assess predictability of @entity74 , a hierarchical multiple regression analysis was used. CPT errors and gender both significantly predicted @entity74 . The most robust prediction was of residual @entity74 (post-treatment, stabilized) by @entity1191 commission errors. These results lend support to the proposition that a subsyndrome within @entity161 exists that is characterized by @entity71 . Furthermore, this subsyndrome might be more common in males than females.

title: XXXX in @entity161 .

entities_list: @entity71 :: ('MESH:D001289', 'Disease') :: ['attention and formal thought disorder', 'deficits in sustained attention and positive formal thought disorder']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

answer: @entity71 :: (MESH:D001289,Disease) :: ['Sustained attention and positive formal thought disorder']


abstract: @entity5045 has been used to detect irreversibly damaged tissue after regional @entity63 and reperfusion. We used this staining technique in our studies of @entity741 and reperfusion and found that a transmural @entity5045 nonstaining pattern is not an accurate predictor of @entity296 : functional recovery occurs despite nonstaining. Mongrel @entity235 (n = 91) were anesthetized and made @entity63 by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery. Regional myocardial function was assessed by means of ultrasonic crystals. Following 2, 4, or 6 hours of @entity63 , the ligature was removed, and each heart was reperfused either in the working state or during total bypass with either normal blood or substrate-enriched blood cardioplegic solution of differing composition. The hearts were then removed and incubated in @entity5045 at 37 degrees C for 20 to 40 minutes. The pattern of nonstaining in the area at risk varied from patchy subendocardial, to confluent subendocardial, to transmural and did not correlate with the recovery of regional contraction following @entity63 . Mitochondrial ultrastructure was altered minimally in nonstained muscle, which regained contractile function after 6 hours of @entity63 . Fifty-two of sixty-five hearts (80%) showing a transmural nonstaining pattern in the area of ultrasonic crystal placement recovered the capacity to shorten systolically immediately after controlled reperfusion during total vented bypass. These results show that the @entity5045 staining method does not predict @entity296 and that appropriate reperfusion following 2 to 6 hours of @entity63 will result in recovery of myocardial shortening despite transmural nonstaining.

title: Histochemical studies: inability of XXXX nonstaining to define tissue necrosis.

entities_list: @entity5045 :: ('MESH:C009591', 'Chemical') :: ['Triphenyltetrazolium chloride', 'triphenyltetrazolium chloride']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial necrosis']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia', 'ischemic']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial ischemia']

answer: @entity5045 :: (MESH:C009591,Chemical) :: ['triphenyltetrazolium chloride']


abstract: Advanced @entity5 frequently involves the heart and pericardium, and @entity2294 is a common postmortem finding in such @entity1 . Identification of pericardial @entity1143 in life is uncommon, however, even when symptomatic. @entity2293 as the first presentation of @entity5 appears to be uncommon. We present five cases of @entity2293 due to undiagnosed @entity5 which presented to a general medical unit over 18 months. The availability of echocardiography was an important factor in correct diagnosis, since clinical features were non-specific. @entity420 was the cause in three of the five cases. Review of the literature confirms @entity420 of the bronchus as the most common cause of this complication. The majority of cases have presented with large volume, haemorrhagic @entity1143 , and cytology (with or without carcinoembryonic antigen measurement) was diagnostic in most @entity1 . Immediate treatment with subxiphoid pericardiotomy is recommended; the role of balloon catheter pericardiotomy remains to be established. Combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy appears to extend survival, which in some cases may be prolonged. We recommend that early echocardiography should be obtained in all @entity1 presenting with apparent @entity712 , since early treatment of malignant @entity1143 provides symptomatic relief.

title: @entity2293 as the initial presentation of XXXX : is it as rare as previously supposed?

entities_list: @entity1143 :: ('MESH:D010996', 'Disease') :: ['effusions']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac failure']

entities_list: @entity2293 :: ('MESH:D002305', 'Disease') :: ['Cardiac tamponade occurring', 'cardiac tamponade']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant disease', 'malignancy']

entities_list: @entity2294 :: ('MESH:D010490', 'Disease') :: ['pericardial effusion']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinomas', 'Bronchial adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['malignancy']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical manifestations of @entity46 in adolescents. DESIGN: prospective clinical study. SETTING: University and General hospitals. @entity1 : A total of 38 females aged < or = 21 years who had a first surgically confirmed diagnosis of @entity46 during the period including years 2005-2006 at 12 participating centers were identified. Endometriotic lesions were staged according to the 1985 revised American Fertility Society [renamed American Society for Reproductive Medicine (ASRM)] classification. RESULTS: The mean age at diagnosis was 18.6 years, except in 3 cases (7.9%) in which it was made at < or = 15 years of age. None of the @entity1 had a prior diagnosis of @entity790 , nor were any cases of diagnosed familiarity for @entity46 . @entity2371 was present in all cases, although in 3 cases the presence of a pelvic mass was the indication for surgery. CONCLUSIONS: The main clinical finding emerging from this analysis suggests that @entity2371 is the main symptom. In our series @entity158 was present in all cases and an @entity43 was present in three cases. With regard to the stage and site of the disease, the frequency of minimal-mild @entity46 was lower than in adult cases observed in the experience of GISE.

title: Endometriosis in young XXXX : the experience of GISE.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian endometrioma']

entities_list: @entity2371 :: ('MESH:D017699', 'Disease') :: ['pelvic pain', 'Pelvic pain']

entities_list: @entity46 :: ('MESH:D004715', 'Disease') :: ['endometriosis']

entities_list: @entity790 :: ('MESH:D014564', 'Disease') :: ['genital malformations']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: Activity patterns are believed to play an important role in the development and perpetuation of @entity1118 . So far, 3 important activity patterns have been studied: avoidance behavior, persistence behavior, and pacing behavior. Yet, empirical evidence is limited and inconclusive about the relationships between these activity patterns and important outcomes. Therefore, the present study was aimed at identifying activity patterns by means of factor analyses and determining their relationship with disability and depressive symptomatology in @entity1 with @entity1118 (N = 132). Items across different measurement instruments pertaining to 1 particular activity pattern were aggregated, and submitted to factor analysis. Results from 3 separate factor analyses revealed 6 distinct activity patterns: @entity158 avoidance, activity avoidance, task-contingent persistence, excessive persistence, @entity158 -contingent persistence, and pacing. In line with our hypotheses, @entity158 and activity avoidance, and excessive persistence, were related to higher levels of disability and depressive symptomatology. In contrast to hypotheses, pacing was associated with worse outcomes as well. Interestingly, task-contingent persistence was related to lower levels of disability and depressive symptomatology. When controlling for @entity158 and the other activity patterns, excessive persistence and activity avoidance were the most detrimental in terms of relations with @entity308 mood or disability. Task-contingent persistence appeared to be the least detrimental. PERSPECTIVE: Our findings suggest the existence of several activity patterns, which are differentially related to disability and depressive symptomatology, in @entity1 with @entity1118 . The present results are discussed in the light of previous findings, and may provide a new impetus for future studies on activity patterns in @entity1118 research.

title: Activity patterns in XXXX : underlying dimensions and associations with disability and @entity308 mood.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressed']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain']

answer: @entity1118 :: (MESH:D059350,Disease) :: ['chronic pain']


abstract: BACKGROUND: There is controversy regarding whether in-hospital time delay to appendectomy in @entity1 with @entity698 affects risk for perforation. OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to evaluate the impact of time delay from @entity341 ( @entity341 ) presentation to operating room (OR) appendectomy on rates of developing appendiceal perforation in @entity1 who present with computed tomography (CT)-confirmed, uncomplicated (no radiographic evidence of perforation) @entity698 . METHODS: We conducted a retrospective case review of 248 consecutive @entity1 aged  <=18 years with CT-confirmed uncomplicated @entity698 during a 4-year period. RESULTS: There were 149 males and 99 females, all received subsequent appendectomy. Despite all receiving @entity341 parenteral antibiotic therapy, 54 (22%) developed in-hospital appendiceal perforation (surgeon operative observation or pathologist histologic analysis). No @entity1 developed perforation when appendectomy was performed within 9 h after @entity341 presentation; the rate of perforation was approximately sixfold greater in those with in-hospital delay >9 h (25%) vs.  <=9 h (4.6%). The rate of developing perforation increased to 21% during hours 9-24, and 41% after 24 h. Regression analysis showed three factors were significantly associated with developing perforation: longer mean time delay from @entity341 presentation to OR appendectomy, presence of fever, and presence of an appendicolith. The risk for developing perforation increased by 1.10 for each hour of time delay from @entity341 presentation to OR appendectomy; the estimated odds ratios for developing perforation per interval of in-hospital delay were 2.05 at 8 h, 4.22 at 16 h, and 8.67 at 24 h. CONCLUSIONS: Increasing in-hospital time delay from @entity341 presentation to OR appendectomy is associated with increased risk for developing appendiceal perforation in @entity1 who present with CT-documented uncomplicated @entity698 . Risk is approximately sixfold greater in those who experience delay  >9 h vs. those whose delay is  <=9 h. Antibiotic therapy does not reliably prevent progression of the disease. Appendectomy should be considered an urgent procedure to maximize outcomes and prevent complications associated with appendix perforation.

title: Impact of In-Hospital Timing to Appendectomy on Perforation Rates in XXXX with @entity698 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['emergency department', 'ED']

entities_list: @entity698 :: ('MESH:D001064', 'Disease') :: ['appendicitis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Children']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: It has been proposed that individual genetic predisposition may contribute to a persistent @entity1546 . Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are associated with levels of @entity32 and are involved in caries, pulpal, and periapical tissue destruction. MMPs also play a major role in bone resorption. In this study, we hypothesized that polymorphisms in MMP genes and their regulators may contribute to an individual's increased susceptibility to apical tissue destruction in response to @entity1547 . METHODS: Sixteen hundred radiographic records obtained through the University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine Dental Registry and DNA Repository were screened for subjects with @entity1547 in dentin with or without @entity1548 (>=  3 mm). DNA samples of 268 @entity1 were sorted into 2 groups: 158 @entity1547 with @entity1547 but no @entity1548 (controls) and 110 @entity1547 with @entity1548 and @entity1547 ( @entity1547 ). Sixteen SNP markers in @entity1476 , @entity1549 , @entity1495 , @entity1550 , @entity1551 , and @entity1552 , were selected for genotyping. Genotypes were generated by endpoint analysis in a real-time polymerase chain reaction instrument. Analyses were performed comparing @entity1547 and controls. Allele and genotypic frequencies and haplotype analysis were calculated using the PLINK program. RESULTS: An association was found for @entity1549 @entity1553 (P = .03) and @entity1554 (P = .004) genotypes in individuals with @entity1548 . We also observed altered transmission of @entity1476 marker haplotypes (P = .000004) in these individuals. CONCLUSIONS: Variations in @entity1476 and @entity1549 are associated with @entity1548 formation in individuals with untreated @entity1547 . Future studies could help predict host susceptibility to developing @entity1548 .

title: Genetic susceptibility to @entity1548 : conditional contribution of @entity1476 and XXXX genes to the development of @entity1548 and healing response.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1546 :: ('MESH:D010485', 'Disease') :: ['apical periodontitis condition']

entities_list: @entity1548 :: ('MESH:D010483', 'Disease') :: ['periapical lesions', 'periapical lesion']

entities_list: @entity1547 :: ('MESH:D003731', 'Disease') :: ['cases', 'deep carious lesions']

answer: @entity1549 :: (4314,Gene) :: ['MMP3']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity124 ( @entity124 ) is caused by a defective DNA mismatch repair system. @entity14 in @entity124 -positive @entity1 is characterized by an increased number of @entity5 -infiltrating lymphocytes. On the other hand, it has recently been reported that @entity3840 ( @entity3840 ) suppresses antitumor immunity. The objectives of the present study were to clarify the relationships among @entity124 status, @entity3840 expression, and antitumor immune status and to verify impact of these factors on the prognosis of @entity1204 . METHODS: The data of 123 @entity1 with @entity1204 were analyzed. The numbers of @entity5 -infiltrating @entity405 @entity5 ( @entity5 ), as a representative of the antitumor immunity, and @entity3840 expression levels in the @entity5 cells were analyzed by immunohistochemical staining. @entity124 was evaluated by polymerase chain reaction analysis for 11 markers. Fisher exact probability test, Kaplan-Meier method, and proportional hazards analysis were used for the statistical analyses. RESULTS: The @entity5 showed significantly higher grades (G2 or G3) and significantly larger numbers of @entity5 than did the @entity5 . The @entity3840 -high group showed significantly fewer @entity5 than did the @entity3840 -low group. Multivariate analysis identified a low number of @entity5 (<10), positive lymph node involvement, and high @entity5 malignancy grade as factors independently associated with poor prognosis. The prognosis was significantly poorer in the @entity1 with @entity5 with high @entity3840 expression than in those with @entity5 showing low @entity3840 expression. CONCLUSIONS: The number of @entity5 , which was increased by @entity124 and decreased by @entity3840 expression, was associated with a poorer prognosis in @entity1 with @entity1204 . We also propose that @entity3840 may block @entity124 -activated @entity5 in the @entity5 microenvironment.

title: Intratumoral XXXX + Lymphocyte Infiltration as a Prognostic Factor and Its Relationship With @entity3840 Expression and Microsatellite Instability in @entity1204 .

entities_list: @entity1204 :: ('MESH:D016889', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial cancer']

entities_list: @entity124 :: ('MESH:D053842', 'Disease') :: ['Microsatellite instability', 'MSI']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'MSI-negative tumors', 'MSI-positive tumors', 'T lymphocytes within cancer cell nests', 'TILs']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['Colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity405 :: (925,Gene) :: ['CD8']