abstract: The combination of pre-lingual and @entity2319 with skin hyperkeratinization is a relatively rare pathology. Only 11 families affected by this disorder were described in the literature during the last 30 years (from 1975 to 2002). To date, there are no more than 50 cases of this condition known in the world. Modern molecular methods revealed in all such @entity1 a mutation in the @entity3492 gene as the primary cause of the disease. We studied a 4 year-old @entity1 with bilateral congenital grade IV @entity1274 . Her unusual appearance drew attention aas early as the primary examination; the @entity1 had the @entity735 and dry skin over the entire body, she presented with @entity3798 of the scalp, thin and light-blond hair. Analysis of the nucleotide sequence of the @entity3492 gene revealed the substitution of @entity2774 -148 by @entity5536 that led to @entity38932 @entity535 substitution. This dominant mutation proved to be the cause of @entity38933 ( @entity38934 ). A review of the literature concerning molecular diagnostics and clinical features of this syndrome is presented. The results of molecular-genetic investigations provided the data on pathogenesis of different variants of @entity1274 and the associated genotype-phenotype relationships that may be used as a basis for the further development of the methods for the prevention and treatment of @entity38934 .

title: [Diagnostics of @entity38933 ( XXXX )].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['girl', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3798 :: ('MESH:D007039', 'Disease') :: ['hypotrichosis']

entities_list: @entity38932 :: ('p|SUB|D|50|N', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['D50N']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity2319 :: ('MESH:D003638', 'Disease') :: ['sensorinerual deafness']

entities_list: @entity735 :: ('MESH:D005124', 'Disease') :: ['deep-set eyes']

entities_list: @entity1274 :: ('MESH:D006319', 'Disease') :: ['sensorineural deafness']

entities_list: @entity38934 :: ('MESH:C536168', 'Disease') :: ['KID-syndrome']

entities_list: @entity38933 :: ('MESH:C580224', 'Disease') :: ['keratitis-ichthyosis-deafness syndrome']

answer: @entity38934 :: (MESH:C536168,Disease) :: ['KID- syndrome']


abstract: What's known on the subject? and What does the study add? Late recurrence more than five years after the initial treatment is one of the biological behaviours specific for @entity1358 . In our study, late recurrence was observed in 8.8% of the @entity1 . Also, @entity1 with late recurrence had more favorable clinicopathological features and better prognosis with @entity5 -specific survival after recurrence. Age and preoperative hs-CRP levels may be independent predictive factors for late recurrence of @entity1358 . OBJECTIVE:     To evaluate the clinicopathological features and prognosis of late recurrence of @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ). @entity1 AND METHODS:     A total of 747 @entity1 who had undergone curative surgery for @entity1358 with follow-up of >5 years or recurrence within 5 years were included in the study.     The @entity1 were stratified into four groups based on @entity5 : no recurrence (no recurrence >5 years after surgery, n= 425), synchronous @entity3 (n= 138), early recurrence (recurrence within 5 years, n= 143), and late recurrence (recurrence after 5 years, n= 41).     Multivariate analysis was performed to identify the clinicopathological factors affecting late recurrence and its clinical outcome. RESULTS:     The subgroups were significantly different in clinicopathological variables, including age, preoperative haemoglobin, platelet count, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels, pT stage and nuclear grade.     In multiple logistic regression analysis, age (odds ratio [OR] 1.085, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.012-1.163, P= 0.022), and preoperative hs-CRP levels (OR 6.211, 95% CI 1.590-24.270, P= 0.009) were independent predictive factors for late recurrence.     In @entity1 with synchronous @entity3 , early recurrence and late recurrence, 5-year @entity5 -specific survival rates after recurrence were 27.0%, 41.1% and 73.7%, respectively (P < 0.001).     Multivariate Cox analysis indicated that @entity5 -free interval, as well as body mass index, initial symptoms, Fuhrman's nuclear grade, sarcomatoid differentiation, lymphovascular invasion and metastasectomy, were independent predictive factors for @entity5 . CONCLUSIONS:     Late recurrence of @entity1358 is not a rare event.     @entity1 with late recurrence had more favourable clinicopathological features and better prognosis with @entity5 -specific survival after recurrence.     Age and preoperative hs-CRP levels may be independent predictive factors for late recurrence of @entity1358 .

title: Late recurrence of XXXX >5 years after surgery: clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['renal cell carcinoma', 'RCC']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['long cancer', 'cancer-related death', 'cancer-free intervals', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity1358 :: (MESH:D002292,Disease) :: ['renal cell carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5301 possesses cellular protection properties. The aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis that in situ expression of recombinant @entity1 @entity1307 (rhEPO) would improve tissue repair in @entity35 after @entity583 ( @entity583 ). METHODS AND RESULTS: RhEPO-producing cardiac fibroblasts were generated ex vivo by transduction with retroviral vector. The anti-apoptotic effect of rhEPO-producing fibroblasts was evaluated by co-culture with @entity35 neonatal cardiomyocytes exposed to @entity274 -induced oxidative stress. @entity13909 /PI assay and DAPI staining showed that compared with control, rhEPO forced expression markedly attenuated apoptosis and improved survival of cultured cardiomyocytes. To test the effect of rhEPO on the @entity1188 , @entity35 were subjected to permanent @entity1563 , and rhEPO-producing fibroblasts, non-transduced fibroblasts, or saline, were injected into the scar tissue seven days after @entity1188 . One month later, immunostaining identified rhEPO expression in the implanted engineered cells but not in controls. Compared with non-transduced fibroblasts or saline injection, implanted rhEPO-producing fibroblasts promoted vascularization in the scar, and prevented cell apoptosis. By two-dimensional echocardiography and postmortem morphometry, transplanted EPO-engineered fibroblasts did not prevent @entity1002 and adverse LV remodeling 5 and 9 weeks after @entity583 . CONCLUSION: In situ expression of rhEPO enhances vascularization and reduces cell apoptosis in the @entity1188 . However, local EPO therapy is insufficient for functional improvement after @entity583 in @entity35 .

title: Transplantation of genetically engineered cardiac fibroblasts producing recombinant @entity1 @entity1307 to repair the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1563 :: ('MESH:D054059', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery occlusion']

entities_list: @entity1307 :: ('2056', 'Gene') :: ['erythropoietin']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarction', 'infarcted myocardium']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['rat', 'Sprague-Dawley rats']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'MI']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular (LV) dysfunction']

answer: @entity1188 :: (MESH:D007238,Disease) :: ['infarcted myocardium']


abstract: PURPOSE: Pentobarbital anesthesia is, typically, used in an experimental model of cyclic flow reductions (CFR) in @entity95 . Our initial observations, using a more complete and effective @entity5161 -based anesthetic technique, failed to reproduce findings reported previously. Consequently, we compared the effects of these two anesthetic techniques in the model. METHODS: A modified Folts' model of carotid artery lesion and stenosis was used. Twelve @entity95 completed the experimental protocol: five in the @entity4485 group (P) and seven in the @entity5161 group (I). The carotid artery was exposed and flow was reduced by application of a clamp. @entity130 was performed by cross clamping the artery with a needle forceps and this produced CFR. The number of CFR and the duration of their occurrence were noted. The incidence of @entity715 was compared in each group as well as hemodynamic, hematologic and bleeding time values. RESULTS: The hematocrit value, platelet count and bleeding time were similar in both groups. The median number and range of CFR [group P: 9 (4-16) ; group I: 9 (5-14)] and the time span of effective CFR formation (group P: 39 +/- 17; group I: 38 +/- 25 min) were comparable in both groups. The incidence of complete @entity715 of the carotid artery was similar in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: The stability of the model is of short duration, but the occurrence of CFR is not affected by the type of anesthesia. Our findings suggest that the ideal duration of the experimental protocol should be between 30 and 45 min in order to maximize the number of animals still developing CFR.

title: Anesthetic technique does not affect the performance of a XXXX model of arterial cyclic flow reductions: a pilot study.

entities_list: @entity4485 :: ('MESH:D010424', 'Chemical') :: ['pentobarbital']

entities_list: @entity5161 :: ('MESH:D007530', 'Chemical') :: ['isoflurane']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['A standardized injury']

answer: @entity95 :: (9986,Species) :: ['rabbit']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 with @entity25 are common in primary care, yet most physicians lack training in the diagnosis and treatment of such @entity1 . OBJECTIVES: To enhance recognition of @entity25 by community physicians and transfer the diagnostic testing and care of such @entity1 from tertiary care centers to the local community. To present our polysomnogram experience relevant to @entity387 . METHODS: Sleep disorders specialists provided a community with education, diagnostic equipment, and ongoing support as @entity25 expertise was established locally. Outcomes for a 2-year period were assessed by chart review, @entity1 questionnaire, tabulation of polysomnographic data, and comparison with published reports from specialized centers. RESULTS: Referral for sleep testing increased by almost 8-fold in @entity1 at the Walla Walla @entity922 , Wash, from 0.27% (2 of 752 cases reviewed) to 2.1% (294 of 14330 internal medicine @entity1 ). Data were collected from all community physicians for a 2-year period on 360 new @entity1 who underwent polysomnogram testing. This resulted in the diagnosis of sleep-related @entity387 in 81% and periodic leg movements of sleep in 18%. Nasal continuous positive airway pressure treatment was given to 228 @entity1 (average baseline @entity386 index of 19.1), representing a higher volume of @entity1 than at many traditional sleep centers, yet compliance with continuous positive airway pressure was comparable. CONCLUSIONS: Sleep @entity386 is significantly underrecognized by primary care physicians. As a result of the intervention, local sleep expertise was established and large numbers of @entity1 were discovered and treated in the community. Thus, a significant public health problem is identified and a solution established.

title: Diagnosis and treatment of XXXX within the community. The Walla Walla Project.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity387 :: ('MESH:D012891', 'Disease') :: ['sleep apnea', 'breathing disorders']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['sleep disorders']

entities_list: @entity922 :: ('MESH:D013568', 'Disease') :: ['Clinic in Walla Walla']

answer: @entity387 :: (MESH:D012891,Disease) :: ['sleep apnea']


abstract: OBJECT: A variant of C6 @entity11 cells, C6R-G/H cells express @entity13995 phosphotransferase (HPT) and appear to have reduced @entity7433 in the embryonic brain. The goal of this study was to investigate their reduced capacity to generate @entity5 in the adult @entity35 brain. METHODS: Cell lines were implanted into @entity35 brains and tumorigenesis was evaluated. After 3 weeks, all @entity35 with C6 cells showed signs of @entity16 , whereas @entity35 with C6R-G/H cells did not and were either killed then or allowed to survive until later. Histological studies were performed to analyze @entity5 size, @entity5 , @entity7499 , and cell proliferation. Cells isolated from @entity35 @entity1313 were analyzed for mutation to HPT by testing their sensitivity to @entity13995 . CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that HPT suppresses @entity5 formation. Three weeks after implantation, only 44% of animals implanted with C6R-G/H cells developed @entity5 , whereas all animals that received C6 @entity11 cells developed high-grade @entity11 . The C6R-G/H cells filled a 20-fold smaller maximal cross-sectional area than the C6 cells, and exhibited less malignant characteristics, including reduced @entity7499 , @entity4498 , and cell proliferation. Similar results were obtained in the brain of nude @entity35 , indicating that the immune system did not play a significant role in suppressing @entity5 growth. The combination of green fluorescent protein (GFP) and HPT was more effective in suppressing tumorigenesis than either plasmid by itself, indicating that the GFP may protect against inactivation of the HPT. Interestingly. @entity13995 resistance was lost in @entity5 cells that were recovered from a group of animals in which C6R-G/H cells formed @entity5 , confirming the correlation of HPT with reduced @entity7433 .

title: Reduced @entity7433 of @entity35 @entity11 cells in the brain when mediated by XXXX phosphotransferase.

entities_list: @entity7499 :: ('MESH:D016510', 'Disease') :: ['angiogenesis']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['brain tumors']

entities_list: @entity7433 :: ('MESH:D002471', 'Disease') :: ['tumorigenicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'malignancy', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological disease']

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['gliomas', 'glioma']

entities_list: @entity13995 :: ('MESH:C026273', 'Chemical') :: ['hygromycin']

answer: @entity13995 :: (MESH:C026273,Chemical) :: ['hygromycin']


abstract: Seventy-three @entity1 with @entity8 (IgAGN), under the age of 15 years at the time of the discovery of the disease, were investigated with respect to @entity631 ( @entity631 ) lesions. Irregular attenuation or widening of @entity631 , especially on the epithelial side, was observed in 28 cases (38%). These two changes are referred to as lysis of @entity631 and were considered to be the primary and specific changes among the @entity8 in IgAGN. @entity631 thickening with layering of lamina densa was found in 37 of 73 cases (51%), but this change has been observed in other types of @entity8 . @entity8 similar to those seen in IgAGN were also observed in Henoch-Sch  nlein @entity7860 ( @entity5417 ) and poststreptococcal acute @entity631 (PSAGN). Lysis of @entity631 was observed only in IgAGN, @entity5417 and PSAGN. @entity8165 appeared to have an important role in the development of these @entity8 . The presence of @entity8 was correlated with a high incidence of cellular crescents but not with other clinical or light microscopic findings. The presence of these @entity8 in IgAGN does not have a significant effect on the prognosis, at least in childhood. The affected @entity631 seemed to recover without leaving any significant @entity16 in most cases. In the long-term prognosis of the disease non-immunological factors, such as ageing or @entity101 , seem to be important.

title: A histopathological study on the prognosis of childhood @entity8 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8165 :: ('MESH:C567547', 'Disease') :: ['Subepithelial and intramembranous deposits']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['IgA nephropathy', 'GBM lesions', 'glomerular diseases']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['residual damage']

entities_list: @entity7860 :: ('MESH:D019867', 'Disease') :: ['purpura nephritis']

entities_list: @entity631 :: ('MESH:D005921', 'Disease') :: ['glomerular basement membrane', 'glomerulonephritis', 'GBM']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['glomerular basement membrane lesions']


abstract: Aspartame (APM) is a widely used dipeptide sweetener ( @entity33520 ). It has been suggested that excessive use of APM might elevate plasma @entity492 , @entity815 , and/or @entity1042 concentrations to levels that are potentially harmful. Six normal young adults ingested eight successive servings of unsweetened and APM-sweetened beverage at one-hour intervals in a balanced crossover design. In one part, the beverage was not sweetened. In the other, each serving of beverage provided 600 mg APM, a dose equivalent to the amount provided by 36 oz of APM-sweetened diet beverage. Plasma @entity492 concentration was not significantly increased after ingestion of unsweetened or APM-sweetened beverage. Similarly, ingestion of the unsweetened beverage had no significant effect on plasma @entity815 concentration. However, ingestion of @entity30028 -sweetened beverage significantly increased plasma @entity815 levels 1.41 to 2.35 mumol/dL above baseline 30 minutes after ingestion. Plasma @entity815 values reached a steady state after administration of four to five servings and did not exceed normal postprandial values at any time. Blood @entity1042 and @entity5189 concentrations remained within normal limits. The data indicate ready metabolism of APM when administered at levels that may be ingested by normal individuals who are heavy users of diet beverages.

title: Effect of repeated ingestion of aspartame-sweetened beverage on plasma amino acid, blood XXXX , and blood @entity5189 concentrations in normal adults.

entities_list: @entity33520 :: ('CHEBI:2877', 'Chemical') :: ['L-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine methyl ester']

entities_list: @entity1042 :: ('MESH:D000432', 'Chemical') :: ['methanol']

entities_list: @entity815 :: ('CHEBI:28044', 'Chemical') :: ['phenylalanine']

entities_list: @entity492 :: ('CHEBI:29995', 'Chemical') :: ['aspartate']

answer: @entity1042 :: (MESH:D000432,Chemical) :: ['methanol']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Beta-blockers reduce mortality in @entity1 with systolic @entity712 ( @entity712 ), yet prescription rates have remained low among primary care providers. OBJECTIVE: To determine the beta-blocker prescription rate among @entity1 with systolic @entity712 at primary care Veterans Affairs (VA) clinics, its change over time; and to determine factors associated with nonprescription. DESIGN: Retrospective chart review. SUBJECTS: Seven hundred and forty-five @entity1 with diagnostic codes for @entity712 followed in primary care clinics at 3 urban VA Medical Centers. MEASUREMENTS: Rate of beta-blocker prescription and comparison of @entity1 characteristics between those prescribed versus those not prescribed beta-blockers. RESULTS: Only 368 (49%) had documented systolic @entity712 . Eighty-two percent (303/368) of these @entity1 were prescribed a beta-blocker. The prescription rate rose steadily over 3 consecutive 2-year time periods. @entity1 with more severely depressed ejection fractions were more likely to be on a beta-blocker than @entity1 with less severe disease. Independent predictors of nonprescription included @entity1030 , @entity565 , @entity308 , and age. @entity1 under 65 years old were 12 times more likely to receive beta-blockers than those over 85. CONCLUSION: Primary care providers at VA Medical Centers achieved high rates of beta-blocker prescription for @entity712 @entity1 . Subgroups with relative contraindications had lower prescription rates and should be targeted for quality improvement initiatives.

title: Brief report: beta-blocker use among veterans with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['chronic heart failure', 'CHF']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease']

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['systolic heart failure']


abstract: @entity22022 are a family of cyclic peptides that are potent inhibitors of the protein phosphatase families @entity13977 and @entity4333 . Only three @entity1 proteins are thought to be able to mediate the hepatic uptake of @entity22022 (the organic anion-transporting polypeptides @entity6906 , @entity6907 , and @entity3379 ), and the predominant hepatic expression of these transporters accounts for the liver-specific @entity137 of @entity22022 . A significant obstacle in the study of @entity22022 as anticancer drugs is the requirement of specific transport proteins for cellular uptake. We report that @entity6907 mRNA is up-regulated in @entity1149 in comparison with normal control tissues. This finding led to the exploration of @entity22022 as potential anticancer agents. We have developed a HeLa cell model with functional @entity6906 and @entity6907 activity. Transiently transfected HeLa cells are over 1,000-fold more sensitive to @entity16588 than the vector-transfected control cells, showing that transporter expression imparts marked selectivity for @entity12219 @entity137 . In addition, @entity12219 analogues showed variable cytotoxicities in the @entity6906 - and @entity6907 -transfected cells, including two analogues with IC(50) values <1 nmol/L. @entity137 of @entity12219 analogues seems to correlate to the inhibition of @entity4333 in these cells and induces rapid cell death as seen by chromatin condensation and cell fragmentation. These studies show that @entity12219 -induced phosphatase inhibition results in potent @entity137 when @entity12219 compounds can gain intracellular access and are a potent novel class of therapeutic agents for @entity5 expressing these uptake proteins.

title: Potent @entity137 of the phosphatase inhibitor XXXX and @entity12219 analogues in @entity6906 - and @entity6907 -expressing HeLa cells.

entities_list: @entity16588 :: ('MESH:C057862', 'Chemical') :: ['microcystin LR']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'Cytotoxicity', 'cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity22022 :: ('MESH:D052998', 'Chemical') :: ['Microcystins', 'microcystins']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity12219 :: ('MESH:C078588', 'Chemical') :: ['microcystin']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['non-small cell lung cancer tumors']

answer: @entity16588 :: (MESH:C057862,Chemical) :: ['microcystin LR']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We sought to determine whether periprocedural @entity583 complicating percutaneous coronary revascularization is associated with subsequent clinical @entity256 , as judged by the need for target vessel revascularization. BACKGROUND: Although myocardial enzyme elevation following angioplasty is associated with increased late mortality, its effect on subsequent clinical @entity256 , as assessed by the need for late target vessel revascularization (TVR), is unknown. METHODS: Serial myocardial enzyme determinations were performed on 2,099 @entity1 who underwent angioplasty or atherectomy in the Evaluation of IIb/IIIa platelet receptor antagonist 7E3 in Preventing @entity63 (EPIC) trial. Thirty-day survivors were prospectively followed for three years for adverse clinical events including death and need for TVR. RESULTS: Within the study population, periprocedural @entity908 kinase (CK) elevation was a predictor of late mortality. Among @entity1 with elevated CK, however, a paradoxical decrease in the need for late TVR was present. This relationship became progressively more profound as the magnitude of CK release increased. Late TVR occurred in 29.8% of @entity1 with no CK elevation, 24.8% with CK elevation to >3 times normal, and 16.9% with >10 times elevation (hazard ratio 0.51, 95% CI 0.29, 0.91). CONCLUSIONS: In the EPIC study, @entity1 with periprocedural MI were less likely to develop clinical @entity256 as measured by the need for TVR. Mechanistically, although it is unlikely that CK elevation prevents vascular renarrowing per se, @entity296 impairs the clinical manifestation of @entity256 , thereby reducing the need for @entity63 -driven TVR. This novel finding 1) highlights the potential discordance between angiographic and clinical measures of @entity256 , and 2) has implications for clinical trials, as therapies that reduce periprocedural MI may be associated with a perceived excess of @entity256 when measured by the need for TVR.

title: The relationship between periprocedural @entity583 and subsequent target vessel revascularization following percutaneous coronary revascularization: insights from the EPIC trial. Evaluation of IIb/IIIa platelet receptor antagonist 7E3 in Preventing XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial necrosis']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['Ischemic Complications', 'ischemia']

entities_list: @entity908 :: ('MESH:D003401', 'Chemical') :: ['creatine']

entities_list: @entity256 :: ('MESH:D023903', 'Disease') :: ['restenosis']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['Ischemic Complications']


abstract: PURPOSE: Several analgesic techniques are available for @entity158 management after a major operation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From December 2005 to February 2006, a prospective, double-blind study was performed involving 90 @entity1 who had undergone a total knee arthroplasty. @entity1 were randomly divided into three equal groups (n=30). Demographic data, including age, height, weight, knee score, visual analogue scale (VAS), and range of flexion were evaluated preoperatively. Before wound closure, @entity1 were given intra-synovial injections of the following solutions: @entity1 in group I received 40mL of 300mg @entity1342 with 1:200,000 @entity1425 and 5mg @entity1286 ; @entity1 in Group II received 40mL of 300mg @entity1342 with @entity1425 ; and @entity1 in Group III received 50mL normal saline as a control. All @entity1 received an epidural @entity1 -controlled analgesia (PCA) for 24 postoperative hours. Analgesic efficacy was evaluated using the VAS at intervals of 2, 4, 6, 12, 24, 32, 40, and 48 hours postoperatively. During this period, the side effects, the dosage of rescue analgesia required, and the range of knee flexion were recorded for each group. RESULTS: There were no significant differences among the three groups with regards to the VAS and the required dose of rescue analgesia (p > 0.05). None of the groups demonstrated significant differences in the range of knee flexion and the incidence of postoperative @entity390 and emesis (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Therefore, we found that @entity1342 , alone or with @entity1286 , injected into the synovial tissue, along with an epidural PCA has no additional benefits in @entity158 control after a total knee arthroplasty.

title: Intra-synovial @entity1342 and XXXX for @entity158 relief after total knee arthroplasty: a prospective, randomized, double blind study.

entities_list: @entity1425 :: ('MESH:D004837', 'Chemical') :: ['epinephrine']

entities_list: @entity1342 :: ('MESH:C037663', 'Chemical') :: ['ropivacaine']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine']

answer: @entity1286 :: (MESH:D009020,Chemical) :: ['morphine']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate whether the presence of a natural mediotrusive contact influences electromyographic (EMG) pattern activity in @entity1 with @entity2956 ( @entity2956 ). METHOD: Bilateral surface EMG activity of the @entity1347 ( @entity1347 ), masseter (MM), and sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscles was recorded in 43 subjects during unilateral chewing and tooth grinding. Thirteen @entity1 had @entity9321 and a natural mediotrusive contact (Group 1), 15 had @entity9321 without a natural mediotrusive contact (Group 2), and 15 were healthy subjects without mediotrusive contacts (Group 3). All subjects were examined according to the Research Diagnostic Criteria for @entity9321 ( @entity20683 / @entity9321 ). All EMG values were standardized as the percentage of EMG activity recorded during maximum isometric contraction on @entity2708 rolls. RESULTS: EMG activity from all muscles measured showed no significant differences between groups during chewing and grinding. Overall, in all groups, the EMG activity during chewing was higher in the working side than the non-working side in @entity1347 and MM muscles. During grinding, these differences were only found in masseter muscles (mainly in eccentric grinding). SCM EMG activity did not show significant differences during chewing and grinding tasks. Symmetry, muscular balance, and absence of lateral jaw displacement were common findings in all groups. DISCUSSION: EMG results suggest that the contribution of a natural mediotrusive occlusal contact to EMG patterns in @entity9321 @entity1 is minor. Therefore, the elimination of this occlusal feature for therapeutic purposes could be not indicated.

title: Assessment of electromyographic activity in XXXX with @entity2956 and natural mediotrusive occlusal contact during chewing and tooth grinding.

entities_list: @entity2956 :: ('MESH:D013705', 'Disease') :: ['temporomandibular disorders', 'TMDs']

entities_list: @entity1347 :: ('MESH:C537775', 'Disease') :: ['anterior temporalis', 'AT']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Neoatherosclerosis or @entity731 progression is one of the mechanisms of long-term stent failure. Yellow plaque detected by angioscopy has been associated with advanced @entity731 and the future risk of a coronary event. We compared the yellow colour of the stented segment between @entity17650 -eluting stents (ZES) and @entity2239 -eluting stents (EES) at 1   year after implantation. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. @entity1 : Consecutive @entity1 underwent angioscopic examination 1   year after the implantation of ZES (n=45) or EES (n=45) at a de novo native coronary lesion. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The maximum yellow colour grade (grade 0-3) of the stented segment, maximum and minimum @entity8233 coverage grade (grade 0-2) and the presence of @entity715 were examined. The @entity8233 heterogeneity index was calculated as maximum - minimum coverage grade. RESULTS: Maximum yellow colour grade was higher in EES than in ZES (1.3  0.9 vs 0.4  0.8, p<0.001) and maximum (2.0  0.2 vs 1.2  0.5, p<0.001) and minimum (1.5  0.6 vs 0.7  0.5, p<0.001) coverage grade was higher in ZES than in EES. The @entity8233 heterogeneity index was not different between ZES and EES (0.4  0.5 vs 0.5  0.6, p=0.42). The incidence of @entity715 was very low and was not different between ZES and EES (2% vs 4%, p=0.55). CONCLUSIONS: Although both ZES and EES had good healing with homogeneous @entity8233 coverage and a low incidence of @entity715 , EES had more advanced @entity731 as shown by the presence of higher grade yellow plaque than ZES at 1   year after implantation.

title: A higher colour grade yellow plaque was detected at one year after implantation of an @entity2239 -eluting stent than after a XXXX -eluting stent.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity17650 :: ('MESH:C489443', 'Chemical') :: ['zotarolimus']

entities_list: @entity2239 :: ('MESH:C107135', 'Chemical') :: ['everolimus']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombus']

entities_list: @entity8233 :: ('MESH:D058426', 'Disease') :: ['neointima']

answer: @entity17650 :: (MESH:C489443,Chemical) :: ['zotarolimus']


abstract: @entity112 release from peripheral blood leukocytes challenged with anti-human IgE was studied in @entity1 with chronic @entity110 and nonatopic controls. 19 of 23 controls, but only 6 of 20 @entity1 , released over 20% of the total available leukocyte @entity112 . The response to anti-IgE concentrations of 1.66, 0.33, 0.066, and 0.013 mug antibody N/ml was significantly lower in @entity1 than in controls. Serum IgE levels were significantly higher in the @entity1 but total @entity112 content of about 10(7) leukocytes was not. @entity20962 ( @entity2768 ) greatly increased @entity112 release (in both groups), indicating that the anti-IgE interacted with the basophils of @entity110 @entity1 . Passive sensitization of leukocytes with biologically active IgE was achieved in both @entity1 and control subjects whose cells responded to anti-IgE, but was not achieved in either @entity1 or control subjects whose cells were nonresponsive to anti-IgE challenge. 125I-anti-IgE autoradiographic studies revealed no obvious quantitative abnormality in the amount of basophil-bound IgE in chronic @entity110 @entity1 . Ionophore stimulation of aliquots of the same leukocytes used for anti-IgE challenge demonstrated that the @entity110 @entity1 ' basophils were capable of releasing normal amounts of @entity112 . Leukocyte @entity1919 levels in the two groups were not significantly different either in base-line levels or in responsiveness to stimulation with @entity3044 . These data indicate that chronic @entity110 @entity1 have a (acquired?) defect in leukocyte @entity112 release that occurs after the anti-IgE-IgE interaction, but before the actual (second-stage) release process, and that is comparable to the phenomenon of desensitization.

title: Defective @entity112 release in chronic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity20962 :: ('MESH:D017666', 'Chemical') :: ['Deuterium oxide']

entities_list: @entity1919 :: ('MESH:D000242', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclic AMP']

entities_list: @entity112 :: ('MESH:D006632', 'Chemical') :: ['Histamine', 'histamine']

entities_list: @entity3044 :: ('MESH:D007545', 'Chemical') :: ['isoproterenol']

entities_list: @entity110 :: ('MESH:D014581', 'Disease') :: ['urticaria']

answer: @entity110 :: (MESH:D014581,Disease) :: ['urticaria']


abstract: Two dosages of @entity4581 were compared for treatment of disseminated @entity3069 disease of @entity791 @entity1 : @entity2101 ( @entity2101 ): 1,000 mg or 750 mg b.i.d. according to body weight, and @entity258 ( @entity258 ): 1,000 mg or 750 mg q.d. @entity1 with high probability of @entity3069 positive blood culture on day 0 received a 42-day @entity4581 treatment with @entity2101 (n = 27) or @entity258 (n = 28) at random after stratification according to body weight. Assessment procedures, including quantitative blood cultures, were performed at days 14, 28 and 42. Forty-five @entity1 were eligible for clinical and 28 for bacteriological evaluation. Bacteriological success was observed in 12 @entity2101 and 11 @entity258 @entity1 , partial success in one @entity2101 and two @entity258 and failure in none of the @entity2101 and two @entity258 (p = 0.33). Between days 0 and 42, log decreases in CFU counts/ml were (mean +/- SD) 3.13 +/- 0.82 ( @entity2101 ) and 2.67 +/- 1.8 ( @entity258 ) (p = 0.38). Fever and night sweats significantly improved similarly in both groups; no change in spleen and liver size was observed on CT scans. Eight @entity1 died during the study but no @entity204 was reported as drug related. Sixteen @entity1 ( @entity2101 = 6, @entity258 = 10) discontinued the treatment because of side effects. A trend towards improved bacteriological effectiveness and reduced tolerance was observed in the @entity2101 group but the difference was not significant. With a power of 0.70, no dose effect was demonstrated between the two tested dosages. A daily dose of 1,000 mg @entity4581 was tested in drug combinations to treat disseminated @entity3069 infection in @entity791 @entity1 .

title: A randomized comparison of two @entity4581 doses for treatment of XXXX complex infections.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4581 :: ('MESH:D017291', 'Chemical') :: ['clarithromycin']

entities_list: @entity3069 :: ('1764', 'Species') :: ['M. avium', 'Mycobacterium avium']

answer: @entity3069 :: (1764,Species) :: ['Mycobacterium avium']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical and echocardiographic features of adults who developed @entity4710 ( @entity4710 ) late after a Fontan procedure with those who have remained free of @entity943 . BACKGROUND: @entity4710 are a frequent complication of the Fontan operation. However, the outcomes in adult @entity1 with @entity955 who have had the Fontan operation have not been well defined. METHODS: We reviewed the outcomes of 94 consecutive @entity1 who underwent the Fontan operation between 1977 and 1994 and were followed as adults at the University of Toronto Congenital Cardiac Centre for Adults. Sixty @entity1 had an atriopulmonary connection, 21 @entity1 had an atrioventricular connection, and 13 @entity1 received a lateral tunnel connection. RESULTS: Thirty-nine @entity1 (41%) had sustained @entity955 ( @entity955 , @entity956 or @entity4710 ) after their Fontan procedure. Compared with @entity1 who did not develop @entity955 , those who did were more likely to develop @entity712 (46% vs. 13%, p = 0.003) and right @entity715 (31% vs. 4%, p = 0.006), exhibit @entity4032 (mean [+/-SD] diameter: 44 +/- 10 vs. 37 +/- 9 mm, p = 0.002), exhibit @entity1283 (mean [+/-SD] volume: 139 +/- 149 vs. 76 +/- 54 ml, p = 0.040) and have moderate-to-severe @entity338 (31% vs. 7%, p = 0.010). The mean survival time was not significantly different between the @entity943 group and the @entity943 -free group (21.2 +/- 1.3 and 18.0 +/- 0.7 years, respectively; p = 0.900). CONCLUSIONS: Systemic @entity340 and biatrial enlargement are commonly observed in @entity1 who develop @entity955 after the Fontan procedure. These @entity1 are more likely to develop right @entity712 .

title: Outcomes of late XXXX in adults after the Fontan operation.

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['atrial thrombus and heart failure', 'heart failure']

entities_list: @entity1283 :: ('MESH:D006332', 'Disease') :: ['right atrial enlargement']

entities_list: @entity4032 :: ('MESH:D059446', 'Disease') :: ['left atrial enlargement']

entities_list: @entity338 :: ('MESH:D011665', 'Disease') :: ['systemic valve regurgitation']

entities_list: @entity956 :: ('MESH:D001282', 'Disease') :: ['atrial flutter']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation', 'AT']

entities_list: @entity4710 :: ('MESH:D013617', 'Disease') :: ['Atrial tachyarrhythmias', 'supraventricular tachycardia', 'ATs', 'atrial tachyarrhythmias']

entities_list: @entity340 :: ('MESH:D006349', 'Disease') :: ['atrioventricular valvular regurgitation']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmias', 'arrhythmia']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['atrial thrombus']

answer: @entity4710 :: (MESH:D013617,Disease) :: ['atrial tachyarrhythmias']


abstract: OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: Almond oil is frequently prescribed as a ceruminolytic, to soften ear wax or relieve ventilation tube occlusion. Ceruminolytics could lead to @entity2167 in the presence of a tympanic perforation. Reports on the safety of almond oil as a ceruminolytic is limited. The present study aimed to assess the effect of ototopic almond oil on hearing. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective, randomized, controlled trial in a chinchilla animal model. METHODS: Bilateral myringotomies were performed in 19 female chinchilla. One randomly selected ear received almond oil, whereas the other ear received saline applied transtympanically. Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) testing was performed prior to application and at 14 and 30 days following application. Postmortem @entity4653 ( @entity4653 ) images were obtained to assess cochlear hair cell status. RESULTS: At 30 days following application, there was no significant change in ABR thresholds at 16, 20, or 25 kHz. No cochlear hair cell loss was observed with @entity4653 . CONCLUSIONS: In the chinchilla, when a tympanic perforation is present, almond oil does not seem to cause @entity2167 . Further studies are needed to better assess the effect of almond oil on hearing in @entity1 .

title: Assessment of the XXXX of almond oil in a chinchilla animal model.

entities_list: @entity2167 :: ('MESH:D006311', 'Disease') :: ['ototoxicity']

entities_list: @entity4653 :: ('MESH:D004401', 'Disease') :: ['SEM', 'Scanning Electron Microscopy']

answer: @entity2167 :: (MESH:D006311,Disease) :: ['ototoxicity']


abstract: Oncogenic mutations of the receptor @entity669 kinase @entity2467 contribute to the pathogenesis of @entity674 , @entity262 ( @entity262 ), and some cases of @entity3052 ( @entity3052 ). The @entity5311 substitution in the activation loop of @entity2467 results in relative resistance to the kinase inhibitor @entity2213 (Gleevec). Because this mutation occurs in 80 to 95% of adult @entity262 , its detection has diagnostic and predictive significance. Unfortunately, the fraction of mutation-positive cells in clinical @entity262 samples is often below the 20 to 30% threshold needed for detection by direct DNA sequencing. We have developed an allele-specific polymerase chain reaction assay using a mutation-specific primer combined with a wild-type blocking oligonucleotide that amplifies @entity5311 at the level of 1% mutant allele in DNA extracted from @entity406 -fixed, @entity982 -embedded tissue. There were no amplifications among 64 @entity2467 wild-type @entity5 and cell lines, whereas all @entity5311 -mutant samples (eight @entity3052 and 11 @entity5310 ) were positive. Other D816 substitutions associated with resistance to @entity2213 in vitro are rare in @entity262 . Among these D816F was detectable with the assay whereas @entity39545 , @entity39546 , and @entity39547 did not amplify. Nine biopsies (bone marrow, skin, or colon) with suspected @entity262 were negative by denaturing high performance liquid chromatography and/or DNA sequencing but positive by allele-specific polymerase chain reaction. Thus, the assay may be useful in confirming the diagnosis of @entity262 .

title: Allele-specific polymerase chain reaction for the @entity2213 -resistant @entity2467 @entity5311 and D816F mutations in XXXX and @entity3052 .

entities_list: @entity5310 :: ('MESH:D008415', 'Disease') :: ['mast cell disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity262 :: ('MESH:D034721', 'Disease') :: ['SM', 'systemic mastocytosis']

entities_list: @entity406 :: ('MESH:D005557', 'Chemical') :: ['formalin']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute myelogenous leukemia', 'AML']

entities_list: @entity982 :: ('MESH:D010232', 'Chemical') :: ['paraffin']

entities_list: @entity674 :: ('MESH:D046152', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal stromal tumors']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

entities_list: @entity2213 :: ('MESH:C097613', 'Chemical') :: ['imatinib']

answer: @entity5310 :: (MESH:D008415,Disease) :: ['mastocytosis']


abstract: The expanded visual projections which develop after unilateral eye removal have been associated in some studies, but not in others, with the survival of more @entity4494 cells than normal in the remaining eye. We have addressed this issue using the small wallaby Setonix brachyurus, quokka. Moreover to determine whether more @entity4494 cells survive when the eye is removed at a very early stage, we have compared the effect of enucleations at two ages. These were within 3 days of birth, before optic fibres innervate visual centres, and at 35-40 days postnatal, when visual projections are exuberant. At 100 days postnatal, @entity2479 cells were retrogradely labelled from primary visual centres and tracts with horseradish peroxidase, allowing 24 h for transport. Numbers of @entity4494 cells were similar between animals enucleated as neonates (X = 231,000, n = 3) and at 35-40 days postnatal (X = 218,000, n = 4). These results were comparable to those of controls (X = 227,000, n = 5). Distributions of @entity4494 cells were also essentially similar in experimental and control series. However, mean @entity4494 cell soma diameter was significantly greater than normal in both the area centralis and temporal retina after neonatal enucleation. Our results indicate that in enucleated quokkas increased @entity4494 cell numbers do not underlie enhanced retinofugal projections.

title: XXXX cell number is unchanged in the remaining eye following early unilateral eye removal in the wallaby Setonix brachyurus, quokka.

entities_list: @entity2479 :: ('MESH:D012173', 'Disease') :: ['retinal ganglion']

answer: @entity2479 :: (MESH:D012173,Disease) :: ['Retinal ganglion']


abstract: Seventy-two @entity1 with far advanced ('high-risk') germ-cell @entity5 were treated with @entity900 40 mg/m2 i.v. and @entity2879 200 mg/m2 i.v. daily for 5 days and @entity1732 15 mg/m2 i.v. once a week. At least 3 cycles of this treatment were given at three-week intervals to all @entity1 . Seventy-five percent of the @entity1 obtained CR and 67% are without evidence of disease after a median observation time of 47 months (range 5 to 80 months). @entity1503 was severe and 10% of the @entity1 died due to treatment-related @entity137 . @entity2359 was a clinical problem in 58% of the @entity1 . Glomerular filtration rate decreased significantly after 3 cycles (29% +/- 16%). No clinically significant @entity358 was observed. The specific role of high-dose @entity900 in such intensive treatment has until now been the subject of only one randomized study in which no superiority of high-dose @entity900 was found. Significant improvement of therapeutic outcome over that of today's standard treatment conceivably necessitates an even greater increase in dose intensity of the active drugs--or inclusion of new drugs.

title: Treatment of poor-risk germ-cell XXXX with high-dose @entity900 and @entity2879 combined with @entity1732 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity2879 :: ('MESH:D005047', 'Chemical') :: ['etoposide']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['Hematologic toxicity']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary toxicity']

entities_list: @entity1732 :: ('MESH:D001761', 'Chemical') :: ['bleomycin']

entities_list: @entity2359 :: ('MESH:D020258', 'Disease') :: ['Neurotoxicity']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumors']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity6196 ( @entity6196 ) are rare highly aggressive @entity5 . The diagnosis is made by histopathology with the support of immunohistochemistry (IHC) and cytogenetics. The aggressive multimodality treatment is recommended for the management of these @entity5 . The purpose of our study is to review our experiences in the diagnoses and treatment of @entity6196 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the data of all the @entity1 , who were treated for the @entity6196 at our institute between April and March 2011 and compared with the available literature. RESULTS: A total of eight @entity1 were treated for @entity6196 of the kidney. Out of the eight @entity1 , four were males and four females. Nearly 50% of our @entity1 had inferior vena caval @entity715 at the time of presentation. The diagnosis was made on histopathology supported by IHC. Out of the eight @entity1 , one @entity1 had @entity204 due to @entity1151 and another died on the 7th post-operative day due to disseminated @entity5642 and @entity177 . Rest six @entity1 were treated with post-operative chemotherapy or a combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. For these six @entity1 , overall median survival was 45 months with a 3 year disease-free survival of 66% and 5 year survival of 44%. CONCLUSIONS: @entity6196 are rare peripheral @entity4969 with an aggressive clinical course. These @entity5 carry a very poor prognosis. An aggressive treatment approach using a combination of surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy is recommended for a reasonable survival in these @entity5 .

title: XXXX of kidney: Our experience in a tertiary care center.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity6196 :: ('MESH:D018242', 'Disease') :: ['PNET', 'PNET of the kidneys', 'Primitive neuroectodermal tumors']

entities_list: @entity4969 :: ('MESH:D017599', 'Disease') :: ['neuroectodermal tumors']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplasms', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['massive pulmonary thromboembolism']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['multiorgan failure']

entities_list: @entity5642 :: ('MESH:D004211', 'Disease') :: ['intravascular coagulation']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombus']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['intraoperative death']

answer: @entity6196 :: (MESH:D018242,Disease) :: ['Primitive neuroectodermal tumors']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To review the presentations of @entity1504 in phase-contrast (PC) magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) and discuss the diagnostic value of this imaging modality for these lesions. METHODS: This study involved 52 @entity1 with @entity1504 , including 21 with dural @entity50 , 7 @entity2457 (6 caroticocaveneous @entity292 , @entity42859 ), 5 venous sinus thrombus and 19 @entity1653 invading the venous sinuses. All @entity1 underwent PC and @entity1054 ( @entity1054 ) MRA with a 1.5 Tesla MR scanner, with 28 of them undergoing subsequent digital subtraction angiography (DSA). RESULTS: PC MRA showed extensive hyperintense signals that identified the lesions, feeding arteries, deferent veins and venous sinuses in 21 cases of @entity2457 , but the lesion signals appeared homogeneous. In these cases, PC and @entity1054 MRA had equally good performance in displaying the feeding arteries with success in 20 of the 21 cases (95.2%), whereas the former resulted in a greater rate of deferent vein display [90.5% (19/21)] than the latter [76.2% (16/21), P<0.05]. The 6 @entity42859 cases showed ipsilateral cavernous sinus expansion and upper ophthalmic vein dilations. In the 5 cases of venous sinus thrombis, 4 had transverse sinus thrombus and 1 superior sagittal sinus thrombus. All the cases presented @entity2402 in the sinuses in PC MRA and hyperintense signals in MRI, and some cases had also cerebral superficial @entity548 and @entity4 . The 19 cases of @entity1653 invading the venous sinus displayed sinus shift, @entity850 and occlusion in PC MRA. CONCLUSION: PC MRA has great advantages in displaying the anatomical structure and lesions of the venous sinuses.

title: Phase-contrast magnetic resonance angiography for assessment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2402 :: ('MESH:D010015', 'Disease') :: ['signal disappearance']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity1054 :: ('MESH:D000377', 'Disease') :: ['time-of-flight', 'TOF']

entities_list: @entity2457 :: ('MESH:D020785', 'Disease') :: ['dural arteriovenous fistula']

entities_list: @entity1504 :: ('MESH:D002561', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial venous sinus lesions']

entities_list: @entity1653 :: ('MESH:D008579', 'Disease') :: ['meningioma']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

entities_list: @entity50 :: ('MESH:D012851', 'Disease') :: ['venous sinus malformation']

answer: @entity1504 :: (MESH:D002561,Disease) :: ['intracranial venous sinus lesions']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Ingested foreign bodies and @entity3355 are frequently seen in endoscopic practice. Successful foreign body and food bolus removal may depend on the method used, the choice of device, and the experience level of the endoscopist, although few papers report experience and outcome of tertiary centers. AIM: To investigate the effectiveness of our protocol designed for removal of ingested foreign bodies and food boluses. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed all @entity1 with a diagnosis of foreign body ingestion and @entity3355 from 1994 to 2005 identified by computer search. @entity1 were excluded if medical record was incomplete. RESULTS: The analysis included 171 @entity1 . Foreign bodies and @entity3355 were found in 77 and 62 @entity1 , respectively. In 32 cases (23%), the foreign bodies passed spontaneously through the gastrointestinal tract. The overall success rate for endoscopic management was obtained in 137 @entity1 (98.6%). Surgical removal of a foreign body was required in only 2 cases (1.4%). According to the type and location of the foreign object and food bolus we used Dormia baskets, retrieval forceps, polypectomy snares, and all sizes of Roth net. No complications relating to the endoscopic procedure were observed; 50 @entity1 (35.2%) had an underlying @entity1208 . CONCLUSIONS: Endoscopic removal of upper gastrointestinal tract foreign bodies and @entity3355 is efficacious and safe. Especially the Roth net is the best device for safe retrieval of food boluses and button disc batteries.

title: Endoscopic techniques and management of foreign body ingestion and XXXX in the upper gastrointestinal tract: a retrospective analysis of 139 cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1208 :: ('MESH:D004935', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal disease']

entities_list: @entity3355 :: ('MESH:D014095', 'Disease') :: ['food bolus impaction', 'impacted food boluses']

answer: @entity3355 :: (MESH:D014095,Disease) :: ['food bolus impaction']


abstract: PURPOSE: To assess the efficacy and @entity137 of @entity400 ( @entity400 ) in locoregional control compared with a historical group of @entity1 treated with conventionally fractionated radical radiotherapy. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Between 1985 and 1994, 54 @entity1 with @entity418 were treated with @entity400 . Twenty-eight @entity1 received @entity400 alone (54 Gy in 36 fractions over 12 consecutive days) and 15 were given intravenous @entity1138 and @entity900 on days 10 and 13, respectively. Eleven @entity1 received 40.5 Gy in 27 fractions over 9 days, followed by a single high-dose-rate intraluminal brachytherapy insertion of 15 Gy at 1 cm. RESULTS: Acute @entity137 was well tolerated and @entity1282 was improved in 35 @entity1 (65%), with 28 (52%) eating a normal diet by week 12. This compares with an improvement in @entity1282 score in 72% of the conventionally treated group. The median duration of relief of @entity1282 was 7.8 months (range 0-41.4) in the @entity400 group compared with 5.5 months (range 0-48) in the controls. Strictures developed in 29 @entity1 (61%) and 18 were confirmed on biopsy to be due to recurrent disease. Median survival was 12 months (range 0.5-112) in the @entity400 group and 15 months (range 3.6-56) in the control @entity1 . CONCLUSION: @entity400 is well tolerated and achieves a high rate of local control. Palliation in the short overall treatment time of @entity418 is an advantage in these @entity1 whose median survival is only 12 months.

title: XXXX ( @entity400 ) in localized cancer of the esophagus.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity1138 :: ('MESH:D016685', 'Chemical') :: ['mitomycin C']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity400 :: ('MESH:D014202', 'Disease') :: ['continuous hyperfractionated accelerated radiotherapy', 'CHART']

entities_list: @entity418 :: ('MESH:D004938', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal cancer', 'localized esophageal cancer']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['dysphagia']

answer: @entity400 :: (MESH:D014202,Disease) :: ['Continuous hyperfractionated accelerated radiotherapy']


abstract: Autophagy is a cellular self-eating process that plays an important role in neuroprotection as well as @entity528 and @entity204 . The detailed pathway of autophagy in these two opposing functions remains to be elucidated. Neurons are highly specialized, postmitotic cells that are typically composed of a soma (cell body), a dendritic tree, and an axon. Here, we describe methods for studying autophagy in the central nervous system (CNS). The first involves the use of recently developed @entity19 expressing the fluorescent autophagosome marker, GFP-LC3. Although CNS neurons show little evidence for the presence of GFP-LC3-containing puncta under normal conditions, under pathological conditions such neurons exhibit many GFP-LC3 puncta. The onset and density of GFP-LC3 puncta have been found to vary significantly in the subcompartments of the affected neurons. These studies suggest that autophagy is distinctly regulated in CNS neurons and that neuronal autophagy can be highly compartmentalized. While @entity19 expressing GFP-LC3 are a valuable tool for assessing autophagic activity in the CNS, caution needs to be taken when interpreting results solely based on the presence of GFP-LC3 puncta. Therefore, traditional ultrastructural analysis using electron microscopy remains an important tool for studying autophagosomes in vivo. Additional reporters of autophagy are constantly being sought. For example, recently a selective substrate of autophagy @entity42066 / @entity42066 has been shown to be specifically regulated by autophagic activity. Therefore, @entity42066 / @entity42066 protein levels can be used as an additional reporter for autophagic activity.

title: Using genetic XXXX models to study the biology and pathology of autophagy in the central nervous system.

entities_list: @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['transgenic mice']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['neuronal injury']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the response of massive, life-threatening, or function-impairing @entity2695 in pediatric @entity1 receiving daily @entity4020 subcutaneously. METHODS: The effect of 3 or more months of subcutaneous @entity4020 (3 mU/m2) was prospectively evaluated in 10 @entity1 with @entity2695 necessitating medical intervention. @entity2695 characteristics and extent were initially assessed by radiographic imaging in all but one @entity1 . @entity4020 tolerance was monitored, and reduction in @entity2695 size was recorded as marked (>50%), moderate (25% to 50%), or minimal (<25%). RESULTS: @entity2695 were apparent at birth in 8 of 10 @entity1 , and @entity4020 was initiated at a median age of 4.5 months. Symptoms necessitating therapeutic intervention included @entity712 , @entity1224 , @entity1282 , @entity281 , @entity2167 , @entity227 , and severe @entity154 . Four @entity1 received treatment before referral that included systemic @entity230 (n = 2), intralesional @entity230 (n = 1), or surgical/laser excision (n = 2). @entity4020 therapy was well tolerated. Most @entity1 had a temporary elevation in body temperature during the first month of therapy. One @entity1 with @entity448 required nasogastric feedings and a temporary reduction in her @entity4020 dose. An additional @entity1 with @entity146 was withdrawn from the study at his parents' request even though this symptom persisted after drug cessation. @entity2695 response to @entity4020 was marked in six @entity1 , moderate in two, and minimal in one whose lesion had features suggestive of a @entity1462 . Early signs of involution were usually evident within 6 weeks and often heralded by cutaneous blanching. @entity4020 therapy was concluded in four @entity1 after a mean duration of 20 months. CONCLUSIONS: Daily subcutaneous @entity4020 is well tolerated in pediatric @entity1 and appears effective in hastening involution of symptomatic @entity2695 . A significant response is unlikely in lesions with features suggestive of a @entity1462 .

title: Treatment of massive or life-threatening XXXX with recombinant @entity4020 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['facial deformity']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual axis impairment']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity2167 :: ('MESH:D006311', 'Disease') :: ['failure to thrive, external auditory canal occlusion']

entities_list: @entity2695 :: ('MESH:D006391', 'Disease') :: ['hemangioma', 'Hemangiomas', 'hemangiomas', 'Hemangioma']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['irritability']

entities_list: @entity448 :: ('MESH:D000855', 'Disease') :: ['anorexia']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity1462 :: ('MESH:D054079', 'Disease') :: ['vascular malformation']

entities_list: @entity4020 :: ('3440', 'Gene') :: ['alpha(2a)-Interferon', 'alpha(2a)-interferon']

entities_list: @entity1224 :: ('MESH:D000402', 'Disease') :: ['airway obstruction']

answer: @entity2695 :: (MESH:D006391,Disease) :: ['hemangiomas']


abstract: Male hamster weighing 100-140 g were exposed to 50-500 microgram purified elastrase per 100 g body weight by intratracheal injection. The hamster were killed at intervals up to 12 months after treatment, and their lungs were examined grossly and microscopically. At 8 days after treatment, the lungs appeared to have a greater volume than the controls. At 16 days, the lungs remained inflated when the @entity1143 was opened. Alveolar size was increased in proportion to the dose of elastase. From 16 days onward, the @entity75 was well established. The number of goblet cells in the bronchi also increased. Counts of goblet cells as a proportion of all bronchial lining cells showed that goblet cells more than doubled in number in elastase treated hamsters as compared with controls. The mechanism for the two lesions caused by elastase was not clear. It was concluded that the elastase treated hamster is a useful model for studies of the pathogenesis of chronic @entity3617 and @entity2415 in @entity1 .

title: The hamster as a model of chronic @entity3617 and @entity2415 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1143 :: ('MESH:D010996', 'Disease') :: ['pleural cavity']

entities_list: @entity3617 :: ('MESH:D001991', 'Disease') :: ['bronchitis']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['emphysematous lesion']

entities_list: @entity2415 :: ('MESH:D004646', 'Disease') :: ['emphysema']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['man']


abstract: Recent studies have reported changes in the incidence of @entity66 and in its presentation. We carried out a retrospective study looking at the incidence and clinical features of @entity66 in Galway @entity1 over a 20 year period. The study period was divided in two parts. (I) @entity1 diagnosed between 1971 and 1980 and (II) between 1981 and 1990. Comparison was made between demographic and clinical data in these two periods. There were 97 cases of @entity66 diagnosed in @entity1 resident in Galway over the 20 year period. 71 @entity1 were diagnosed in period I and 26 in period II. The median age at diagnosis in period I was 1.41 years and 4.95 years in period II. There were more females diagnosed in period I. Growth data, histology and enzyme levels were similar in both groups. @entity294 and @entity391 were the major presenting symptoms in both periods but more @entity1 presented with @entity5653 or abdominal protuberance in the latter period. Our data support the concept that @entity66 in childhood is declining, and is presenting at a later age.

title: XXXX in Galway, Ireland 1971-1990.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['coeliac disease']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['Diarrhoea']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

answer: @entity66 :: (MESH:D004194,Disease) :: ['Coeliac disease']


abstract: The cutaneous signs of @entity1278 ( @entity1279 ) have been described previously in adult @entity1 . For the first time, we present here dermatologic findings in @entity1 and adolescents suffering from @entity1277 . Thirty consecutive young anorexic and bulimic inpatients (8 to 17 years of age, mean 15.1 years) underwent a standardized dermatologic examination. @entity1 were checked for abnormalities of the skin including @entity1097 , dermographism, hair, nails, and oral cavity. Serum was obtained for hemoglobin, @entity68 , @entity219 , @entity6283 , thyroid, and sex-hormone levels. In 13 @entity1 , the total serum IgE was determined, and a prick test was carried out with defined type I allergens. Findings in order of frequency included xerosis of the skin, white dermographism, diffuse @entity12737 , acrocyanosis, scars, diffuse effluvium, artifacts, brittle nails, and onychophagia. Significant co-relations were found between the presence of @entity12737 and the existence of @entity2588 or a body mass index of less than 16. In 22 @entity1 a low T3 level was found. In summary, @entity1 and adolescents suffering from AN or @entity1279 show dermatologic features similar to those reported in older @entity1 . Special findings in this age group are extensive lanugo hair and signs of autoaggressive behavior.

title: Dermatologic findings in anorexia and XXXX of childhood and adolescence.

entities_list: @entity1097 :: ('MESH:C566404', 'Disease') :: ['atopic stigmata']

entities_list: @entity1278 :: ('MESH:D000856', 'Disease') :: ['anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa']

entities_list: @entity12737 :: ('MESH:D006983', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrichosis']

entities_list: @entity1277 :: ('MESH:D001068', 'Disease') :: ['eating disorders']

entities_list: @entity2588 :: ('MESH:D000568', 'Disease') :: ['amenorrhea']

answer: @entity1279 :: (MESH:D052018,Disease) :: ['bulimia nervosa']


abstract: Surface heparinization of central venous catheters has earlier been shown to reduce the frequency of bacterial colonization and @entity295 . The present study was undertaken to investigate the benefit of surface heparinization of external ventricular drainage (EVD) catheters in relation to bacterial colonization, as measured by bacterial growth and examination by a 16S-rRNA PCR assay, of catheters and of samples of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Ninety-eight heparinized and one hundred unheparinized EVD catheters from the same batch of catheters were used. Twenty point five percent of the heparinized and 22.8% (p = 0.63) of the unheparinized EVD catheters were colonized with bacteria. Culture of CSF, which is the definition of clinical @entity281 in this study, yielded growth in 10.3% of @entity1 with heparinized and in 6.3% (p = 0.18) of those with unheparinized catheters. PCR examination yielded positive signal in 31.3% of @entity1 with heparinized catheters and in 37.7% (p = 0.061) of @entity1 without (CSF and catheters). In the subgroup of @entity1 with @entity510 , there was a tendency, though not statistically significant, towards a lowered frequency of colonization with 23.1% for heparinized and 33.3% (p = 0.31) for unheparinized catheters. PCR examination did not contribute any further to the diagnostic procedure in the @entity1 concerned. The EVD catheters are skin-penetrating devices and contamination from the skin flora is common. Skin cultures, obtained after skin disinfection and insertion of catheters, showed growth of bacteria in 62% of the @entity1 .

title: External ventricular drainage catheters: effect of surface heparinization on bacterial colonization and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['septicaemia']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['subarachnoid haemorrhages']

answer: @entity281 :: (MESH:D007239,Disease) :: ['infection']


abstract: The @entity10783 -4-hydroxylase domain 1-3 (PHD1-3) enzymes are regulating the protein stability of the a-subunit of the @entity519 -inducible factor-1 ( @entity7738 ), which mediates @entity26 -dependent gene expression. @entity35361 is the main isoform regulating @entity7738 hydroxylation and thus stability in normoxia. In @entity1 @entity5 , @entity7738 is overexpressed as a result of @entity519 which in turn promotes @entity5 progression. The role of @entity35361 for @entity5 progression is in contrast far from being thoroughly understood. Therefore, we established @entity35361 knockdown clones of MDA-MB-231 @entity0 cells and analyzed their @entity5 -forming potential in a @entity915 @entity19 model. @entity5 progression was significantly impaired in the @entity35361 knockdown MDA-MB-231 cells, which could be partially rescued by re-establishing @entity35361 expression. In a RNA profile screen, we identified the @entity1096 ( @entity1096 ) as one target, which is differentially regulated as a consequence of the @entity35361 knockdown. Knockdown of @entity35361 drastically reduced the @entity1096 expression in MDA-MB-231 cells. A correlation of @entity1096 and @entity35361 expression was additionally verified in 294 invasive @entity0 biopsies. In subsequent analyses, we identified that @entity35361 alters the processing of transforming growth factor (TGF)-b1, which is highly involved in @entity1096 expression. The altered processing capacity was associated with a dislocation of the pro-protein convertase @entity13379 . Thus, our data demonstrate that in MDA-MB-231 cells @entity35361 might affect @entity5 -relevant @entity2533 target gene expression by altering the @entity2533 processing capacity.

title: Knockdown of XXXX -4-hydroxylase domain 2 inhibits @entity5 growth of @entity1 @entity0 MDA-MB-231 cells by affecting @entity2533 processing.

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancers', 'Tumor']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['intratumoral hypoxia', 'hypoxia']

entities_list: @entity1096 :: ('6696', 'Gene') :: ['secreted phosphoprotein 1', 'SPP1']

answer: @entity10783 :: (CHEBI:26274,Chemical) :: ['prolyl']


abstract: @entity29724 (PA) is one of the important compounds isolated from the essential oil of Pogostemon cablin (patchouli). PA has neuroprotective, anti- @entity683 and anti-inflammatory activities. However, anti- @entity5 activity of PA has not been studied so far. We performed in vitro study to investigate whether PA affects proliferation and apoptosis of @entity1 @entity14 cells, and to define potential molecular mechanisms. PA suppressed cell growth and induced apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner in @entity1 @entity14 cells (HCT116, SW480). In addition, PA decreased cell growth in MCF7, BxPC3, @entity11620 , and HUVEC cells. Exposure of PA to HCT116 and SW480 cells activated @entity3544 expression and suppressed the expressions of @entity4910 and @entity8985 ( @entity8985 ) in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, PA attenuated the expressions of @entity15687 ( @entity15687 ) and @entity517 , and HDAC enzyme activity. We also observed that PA induced the transcriptional activity of NF-kB through an increase of nuclear translocation of @entity9135 . These findings suggest that PA exerts an anti- @entity5 activity by decreasing cell growth and increasing apoptosis in @entity1 @entity14 cells. The proposed mechanisms include the inhibition of @entity15687 expression and HDAC enzyme activity, and subsequent downregulation of @entity517 and activation of NF-kB pathway.

title: Patchouli alcohol, an essential oil of Pogostemon cablin, exhibits anti-tumorigenic activity in XXXX @entity14 cells.

entities_list: @entity15687 :: ('3066', 'Gene') :: ['HDAC2', 'histone deacetylase 2']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity29724 :: ('MESH:C052983', 'Chemical') :: ['Patchouli alcohol']

entities_list: @entity8985 :: ('1019', 'Gene') :: ['cyclin-dependent kinase 4', 'CDK4']

entities_list: @entity683 :: ('MESH:D007251', 'Disease') :: ['influenza']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: We evaluated an @entity302 education programme based on text messaging ( @entity87 ). @entity302 outpatients from three hospitals in Malaysia were randomised into two groups: intervention and control. @entity1 in the control group were supplied with printed @entity302 educational material while those in the intervention group also received text messages from the Mobile @entity302 Educational System (MEES). A total of 136 @entity1 completed the study (mean age 31 years; 91% Malay; 51% with an illness duration of more than 5 years). A between-group analysis showed that the awareness, knowledge and attitudes (AKA) about @entity302 did not significantly differ between the groups at baseline (P > 0.05). The intervention @entity1 reported better AKA levels during follow-up compared to the control @entity1 (P < 0.05). A within-group analysis showed that in intervention @entity1 , there were significant improvements in all AKA domains with larger effect sizes (P < 0.01) while control @entity1 also exhibited significant improvement in most domains except for Awareness but with smaller effect sizes. After controlling for possible confounding variables (age, gender, educational qualification, monthly income and baseline mean for each domain), the intervention group still reported significantly higher AKA than the control group particularly in Awareness (P < 0.001) and Total AKA (P = 0.003). There was also significantly better medication adherence and clinic attendance in the intervention group (P < 0.05). The results suggest that the addition of the MEES to conventional @entity302 education is effective in improving AKA.

title: A randomised controlled trial of an XXXX -based mobile @entity302 education system.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy', 'Epilepsy']

answer: @entity87 :: (MESH:D058496,Disease) :: ['SMS']


abstract: Feeding increased levels of dietary @entity270 can inhibit lipid oxidation. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of levels of dietary @entity1881 (VE) and feeding duration on meat quality and lipid oxidation. Eighty-one @entity1707 were allocated to 1 of 3 diets containing 40, 200, or 400 IU of VE/kg of feed, and each diet group was divided into 3 feeding periods (3, 6, or 9 wk). Carcass characteristics and meat quality were evaluated. Oxidative stability of fresh and cooked pork patties and pork chops was determined after chilled or frozen storage. Increasing dietary concentrations of VE did not affect any growth performance parameter. Drip loss, however, decreased (P < 0.05) with increased dietary VE levels. Moreover, an increased duration of VE feeding improved (P < 0.05) pH and @entity393 . Less lipid oxidation (P < 0.05) was detected in fresh ground pork from @entity1707 fed greater concentrations of VE after 4 d of storage. A greater (P < 0.05) resistance to oxidation in cooked ground pork was observed in @entity1707 fed 200 or 400 IU of VE/kg at 2 and 6 d of storage. Fresh and cooked pork patty oxidation decreased (P < 0.05) linearly as feeding duration increased from 3 to 9 wk. After 6 mo of freezer storage, lipid oxidation of pork chops from @entity1707 fed 200 or 400 IU of VE/kg was lower (P < 0.05) than for @entity1707 fed 40 IU of VE/kg. Likewise, lipid oxidation of pork chops of @entity1707 fed VE for an extended period of time (6 wk) was lower (P < 0.05) after 9 mo of storage. @entity844 profiles of neutral lipid fraction of the LM became more unsaturated (P < 0.05) with added VE to the feed. These results indicate an increased intake of dietary VE concentration, and prolonged feeding of VE can improve @entity393 and reduce lipid oxidation in ground pork and pork chops. This study suggests that supplementation with 200 IU of VE/kg of feed for 6 wk before market is beneficial in improving lipid stability and pork quality.

title: Effect of dietary XXXX supplementation and feeding period on pork quality.

entities_list: @entity844 :: ('CHEBI:35366', 'Chemical') :: ['Fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity270 :: ('MESH:D014810', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin E']

entities_list: @entity1881 :: ('MESH:D024502', 'Chemical') :: ['alpha-tocopherol acetate']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['drip loss']

answer: @entity270 :: (MESH:D014810,Chemical) :: ['vitamin E']


abstract: Existing neuropsychological tests are often complex and time-consuming. We designed a modified Mini Mental Test ( @entity569 ) battery for clinical assessment of the global and regional higher cortical functions of the brain. We tested its applicability in healthy subjects with different ethnic, cultural and educational backgrounds. The usefulness of our @entity569 as a tool for the clinical evaluation of @entity1 with various forms of @entity1294 was determined. The @entity569 comprises five subtests, including clinical evaluations of: (A) orientation (6 points); (B) attention, right-left discrimination, speech, and calculation (20); (C) immediate recall, and recent and remote memory retrieval (10); (D) praxis (10); and (E) visuospatial orientation, @entity1054 , @entity1805 , and visual hemineglect (14). The @entity569 was administered to 100 healthy subjects from two different ethnic backgrounds (Indonesian and Chinese/Taiwanese) and diverse cultural and educational backgrounds, and to 61 @entity1 with various forms of @entity1294 . @entity569 scores were significantly lower in healthy subjects with a low level of education regardless of their ethnic background (p<0.001). @entity1 with @entity1294 had much lower @entity569 scores than did the comparable age-adjusted normal controls (p<0.001). Of the @entity1 with @entity1294 , those with @entity1294 had the lowest @entity569 scores (25.5+/-28.9), followed by those with large @entity385 (48.0+/-7.1), @entity1779 (49.0+/-8.5), and multiple lacunar @entity1188 (55.0+/-0.5) (P<0.001). With a cut-off point of 33/55 (partial score/total score), the sensitivity and positive predictive value of the @entity569 were 0.98 and 0.94, respectively. The @entity569 is a simple and useful tool for clinical assessment of the cognitive functions of healthy subjects and @entity1 with or without @entity1294 . It can be used for individuals with different ethnic, cultural and educational backgrounds.

title: Cross-cultural studies using a modified mini mental test for healthy subjects and @entity1 with various forms of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1294 :: ('MESH:D015140', 'Disease') :: ['vascular dementia', "Binswanger's disease"]

entities_list: @entity1805 :: ('MESH:D006423', 'Disease') :: ['hemianopsia']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarctions']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral haemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral infarcts']

answer: @entity1294 :: (MESH:D015140,Disease) :: ['vascular dementia']


abstract: @entity1020 in the elderly, such as age-related @entity1020 , @entity937 and epiretinal membrane of the macular area were studied. In 75 normal subjects aged from 20 to 78 years, retinal sensitivity in the central 10 degree visual field were examined using automated static quantitative perimetry. For background luminance of 31.5 asb, a significant reciprocal correlation was demonstrated between individual mean sensitivity and age. The influence of age on the decrease in sensitivity was proved to differ according to different test locations. To enhance contrast, an image processing procedure was applied for @entity941 angiographs of age-related pathologies which resulted in better recognition of age-related RPE pathologies were recognized. The @entity38279 ( @entity38279 ) study group sponsored by the Ministry of Health and Welfare performed an epidemiological survey to estimate the number of @entity1 with @entity38279 . The epidemiological estimation was 6,000 to 13,000 @entity1 in the entire Japanese population. 133 eyes of uni- or bi-lateral @entity38279 without @entity1940 and 156 opposite eyes of @entity1 with unilateral @entity38279 were followed-up for @entity1940 development. @entity1940 development was confirmed in 15 eyes, 5.2%. In 13 of the 15 eyes, @entity1940 was proved to develop through serous RPE detachment. Also, serous drusen were shown to be to predisposed to @entity1940 through serous RPE detachment. Therefore, it was concluded that @entity38279 should be classified into the atrophic form, predisciform or intermediate form and disciform form. In the author's previous paper, it was reported that the navel-like lesion would be a macular lesion predisposing to a senile macular hole. 49 opposite eye of @entity1 with one eye affected by a macular hole were follow-up for macular hole development. At the initial examination, the navel-like lesion was observed in 5 of the 49 eyes. During the course of observation, navel-like lesions developed in one of the other 27 eyes with other @entity735 without any abnormality. Finally, macular holes developed in 11 of the 49 eyes; in 10 eyes with @entity75 and one eye with another abnormality. We found a 17 year old female Japanese monkey with pre-macular holes in @entity735 and clinicopathological correlative study was carried out. In her right eye, photoreceptor cell loss at the foveola, circumferential @entity1713 around the area of cell loss, cystoid spaces in the @entity11471 , and very thin residual tissue covering the foveolar lesion were observed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: [ XXXX in the elderly @entity1 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1940 :: ('MESH:D020256', 'Disease') :: ['Choroidal neovascularization', 'choroidal neovascularization']

entities_list: @entity38279 :: ('MESH:C562479', 'Disease') :: ['SDMD', 'senile macular degeneration', 'senile disciform macular degeneration']

entities_list: @entity937 :: ('MESH:D012167', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic senile macular hole']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['a navel-like lesion']

entities_list: @entity1713 :: ('MESH:D012163', 'Disease') :: ['retinal detachment']

entities_list: @entity735 :: ('MESH:D005124', 'Disease') :: ['abnormalities and in 4 of the 17 eyes', 'both eyes']

entities_list: @entity941 :: ('MESH:D019793', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorescein']

entities_list: @entity1020 :: ('MESH:D008268', 'Disease') :: ['macular degeneration', 'Macular diseases']

entities_list: @entity11471 :: ('MESH:C565633', 'Disease') :: ['detached retina']

answer: @entity1020 :: (MESH:D008268,Disease) :: ['Macular diseases']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although radical re-resection for @entity1086 ( @entity1086 ) has been advocated, the optimal extent of re-resection remains unknown. The current study aimed to assess the impact of common bile duct (CBD) resection on survival among @entity1 undergoing surgery for @entity1086 . METHODS: @entity1 undergoing curative-intent surgery for @entity1086 were identified using a multi-institutional cohort of @entity1 . Multivariable Cox-proportional hazards regression was performed to identify risk factors for a poor @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ). RESULTS: Among the 449 @entity1 identified, 26.9% underwent a concomitant CBD resection. The median number of lymph nodes harvested did not differ based on CBD resection (CBD, 4 [IQR: 2-9] vs. no CBD, 3 [IQR: 1-7], P   =   0.108). While @entity1 who underwent a CBD resection had a worse @entity1349 , after adjusting for potential confounders, CBD resection did not impact @entity1349 (HR   =   1.40, 95%CI 0.87-2.27, P   =   0.170). Rather, the presence of advanced disease (T3: HR   =   3.11, 95%CI 1.22-7.96, P   =   0.018; T4: HR   =   7.24, 95%CI 1.70-30.85, P   =   0.007) and the presence of disease at the surgical margin (HR   =   2.58, 95%CI 1.26-5.31, P   =   0.010) were predictive of a worse @entity1349 . CONCLUSIONS: CBD resection did not yield a higher lymph node count and was not associated with an improved survival. Routine CBD excision in the re-resection of @entity1086 is unwarranted and should only be performed selectively. J. Surg. Oncol. 2016;114:176-180.    2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Assessing the impact of common bile duct resection in the surgical management of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

entities_list: @entity1086 :: ('MESH:D005706', 'Disease') :: ['gallbladder cancer', 'GBC']

answer: @entity1086 :: (MESH:D005706,Disease) :: ['gallbladder cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity110 ( @entity110 ) is defined as @entity110 persisting daily as or almost daily for more than 6 weeks and affecting 0.1% of the population. Mast cell degranulation and @entity112 release is of central importance in the pathogenesis of @entity110 . About 40-50% of the @entity1 with chronic idiopathic @entity110 demonstrate an immediate wheal and flare response to intra-dermal injected autologous serum. This led to the concept of autoimmune @entity110 . AIMS: To determine the occurrence, clinical features, associated clinical conditions, comorbidities of autoimmune @entity110 and to compare this with @entity110 . This study aimed to find the frequency of autologous serum skin test (ASST) positive @entity1 among @entity1 with @entity110 and to identify the clinical and laboratory parameters associated with positive ASST. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Prospective correlation study was done on 80 chronic @entity110 @entity1 , more than 6 weeks duration, attending outpatient department of dermatology during a period of November 2007 to January 2010. @entity1 were subjected to ASST, complete blood count, urine routine examination, liver function tests, renal function tests, thyroid function tests, H. pylori antibody tests, C3 and C4 complement level estimation, antinuclear antibody, and urine analysis. RESULTS: ASST was positive in 58.75% and negative in 41.25% of the @entity1 , respectively. Out of 33 @entity1 with history of @entity113 , 9 (27.3%) @entity1 were in ASST negative group and 24 were in positive group, this was statistically significant. Both groups showed no statistically significant difference for epidemiological details. CONCLUSION: ASST is considered a screening test for an autoimmune @entity110 , which decreases the rate of diagnosis of "idiopathic" form of chronic @entity110 . @entity1 with an autoimmune @entity110 have more severe @entity110 , more prolonged duration, more frequent attacks, and @entity113 . Identification of autoimmune @entity110 may permit the use of an immunotherapy in severe disease unresponsive to anti- @entity112 therapy.

title: Clinical and investigative assessment of XXXX with positive versus negative autologous serum skin test: a study of 80 South Indian @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity113 :: ('MESH:D000799', 'Disease') :: ['angioedema']

entities_list: @entity110 :: ('MESH:D014581', 'Disease') :: ['CU', 'Chronic urticaria', 'chronic spontaneous urticaria', 'urticaria']

entities_list: @entity112 :: ('MESH:D006632', 'Chemical') :: ['histamine']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: In this randomized controlled trial (RCT), we assessed the feasibility and acceptability of two simple home-based relaxation programs in adults experiencing subjective @entity73 , a strong predictor of @entity195 . DESIGN AND METHODS: Sixty @entity1 were randomized to a beginner Kirtan Kriya meditation (KK) program or a music listening (ML) program. @entity1 were asked to practice 12min daily for the first 12 weeks, then as often as they liked for the following 3 months. @entity1 underwent assessments at baseline, 12 weeks, and 6 months to evaluate changes in key outcomes. Feasibility and acceptability were evaluated by measuring recruitment and retention rates, assessment visit attendance, practice adherence, and treatment expectancy; exit questionnaires completed at 12 weeks and 6 months provided additional data regarding @entity1 experience with the study, perceived barriers to and facilitators of practice, reasons for drop-out, and views regarding the assigned intervention. RESULTS: Fifty-three @entity1 (88%) completed the 6 month study. Adherence in both groups was excellent, with @entity1 completing 93% (91% KK, 94% ML) of sessions on average in the first 12 weeks, and 71% (68% KK, 74% ML) during the 3 month, practice-optional, follow-up period. At week 12, over 80% of @entity1 indicated they were likely to continue practicing following study completion. Responses to both structured and open-ended exit questionnaire items also suggested high satisfaction with both programs. CONCLUSIONS: Findings of this RCT of a beginner meditation practice and a simple ML program suggest that both programs were well accepted and the practices are feasible in adults with early @entity2414 .

title: A randomized controlled trial of two simple mind-body programs, Kirtan Kriya meditation and music listening, for adults with subjective XXXX : Feasibility and acceptability.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'participant', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive decline']

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['memory loss']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["Alzheimer's disease"]

answer: @entity73 :: (MESH:D003072,Disease) :: ['cognitive decline']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and T regulatory cells (Tregs) have been associated with prognosis in @entity43 , but their prognostic significance in ascites has not been studied. We performed a prospective study of T lymphocytes isolated from ascites from @entity1 with @entity43 and we compared them with the respective populations in blood and @entity5 . METHODS: Mononuclear cells from ascites (n=71) and blood were isolated by Ficoll, while @entity5 lymphocytes (n=20) were obtained upon mechanical dissociation. Phenotypic analysis was performed with flow cytometry. Ascites from 10 @entity1 with @entity82 was used as control. RESULTS: Tregs containing @entity404 (+) @entity2902 (+) cells, NK-T containing CD3(+) @entity2940 (+) cells and @entity7986 and HLADR expression of @entity404 and @entity405 lymphocytes were significantly increased in @entity5 ascites compared to blood and control ascites. A selective accumulation of these populations in the ascites of @entity5 @entity1 , was suggested by the significantly higher ascites/blood (A/B) ratios in @entity5 @entity1 but not controls. @entity5 cell content in ascites was correlated with @entity404 (+) @entity2902 (+), @entity404 (+) @entity7986 (+), @entity404 (+)HLADR(+) and @entity405 (+) @entity7986 (+) cells. There was no correlation of lymphocyte populations between ascites and samples from peritoneal metastases. Higher @entity5 grade was associated with increased A/B @entity404 (+) @entity2902 (+) ratio and reduced CD3(+) @entity2940 (+) cells, while @entity902 resistance was associated with reduced A/B CD3(+) @entity2940 (+) ratio. CONCLUSIONS: There are significant differences of CD3(+) @entity2940 (+) and @entity2902 (+) @entity404 (+) lymphocytes and increase in lymphocyte activation between blood, ascites and peritoneal metastases from @entity1 with @entity43 . The selective accumulation of CD3(+) @entity2940 (+) population in ascites may be a predictive factor for @entity902 resistance.

title: Significant differences of lymphocytes isolated from ascites of @entity1 with XXXX compared to blood and @entity5 lymphocytes. Association of CD3+ @entity2940 + cells with @entity902 resistance.

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian carcinoma', 'ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['platinum']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'Cancer', 'tumors']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['ovarian cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Improvement in the morphological appearance of collagen and elastic fibres has been reported after the use of @entity2804 , dermabrasion and laser therapy, but the histopathological changes occurring after photodynamic therapy are less understood. AIM: To assess the histological changes that occur after @entity16326 ( @entity7671 ) plus red-light therapy for facial photodamage. METHODS: This was a prospective, double-blind, double-arm, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of MAL plus red light in @entity1 with facial photodamage. A 3-mm punch biopsy was taken from each side of the face before randomization and start of therapy. A dermatopathologist blinded to the treatment assessed epidermal and dermal layer thickness, @entity32 , @entity2652 , perifollicular @entity82 , @entity8721 , number of elastic and collagen fibres, and grade of @entity528 . RESULTS: In total, 65 @entity1 were initially screened for eligibility, but skin samples from only 38 of these were analysed. The change in dermal thickness from baseline to postintervention was significant (P < 0.01, Wilcoxon signed rank test). Although there was a trend for the epidermis to be thinner after MAL plus red light vs. placebo plus red light (46.25  m vs. 55.50  m, respectively), the difference was not significant (P = 0.64, Mann-Whitney U-test). Similarly, the changes in dermal thickness obtained with the two treatments were not significant (P = 0.99, Mann-Whitney test). Histological improvement was seen using stains for collagen, elastic tissue, and perifollicular @entity82 after MAL plus red light therapy. DISCUSSION: Dermal thickness increased after the use of MAL plus red light, and there was improvement in collagen, elastic tissue and perifollicular @entity82 . Although these differences were not significant, most of the histopathological features examined in our study improved after treatment with MAL plus red light. The lack of significance might be due either to the low power of this study or to the failure of our scoring method to detect significant histopathological differences.

title: XXXX plus red light vs. placebo plus red light in the treatment of photodamaged facial skin: histopathological findings.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['perivascular inflammation']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity8721 :: ('MESH:D013684', 'Disease') :: ['telangiectasias']

entities_list: @entity2652 :: ('MESH:D005148', 'Disease') :: ['solar elastosis']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['reticular degeneration']

entities_list: @entity2804 :: ('MESH:D014238', 'Chemical') :: ['trichloroacetic acid']

entities_list: @entity16326 :: ('CHEBI:724125', 'Chemical') :: ['methyl aminolevulinate']

answer: @entity16326 :: (CHEBI:724125,Chemical) :: ['Methyl aminolevulinate']


abstract: To clarify influence of osmotic stimulation on the excitatory synaptic inputs to the neurosecretory cells of the supraoptic nucleus (SON), the blind patch technique was used in @entity35 hypothalamic slice preparations. Stable whole-cell recordings were made from 22 neurons in the SON. To observe spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents (sEPSCs) in the SON neurons, membrane potentials were clamped between -50 and -90mV. The effects of hypertonic stimulation on the frequency of the sEPSCs were tested in 18 SON neurons. Bath application of @entity2656 30 or 60 mM increased the frequency of the sEPSCs. During the application of @entity2656 (60 mM), the frequency of the sEPSCs increased in 12 of 15 neurons without a change in amplitude. @entity4372 stimulation with @entity1219 (30 mM) had similar effects to that of @entity2656 . The increased frequency of miniature EPSCs (mEPSCs) during @entity2656 application persisted in the presence of @entity4524 in all 8 SON neurons tested with no change in amplitude. Both the non- @entity143 antagonist @entity1023 at 10-30 microM (n = 6) and the non-selective @entity2227 antagonist @entity5373 at 1 mM (n = 3) almost completely blocked the EPSCs while the @entity143 antagonist AP-5 at 10 microM had no effect on the frequency of the EPSCs in the 4 neurons tested. During application of CNQX, @entity2656 (60 mM) was added to the perfusion medium in 3 SON neurons. Under these conditions, @entity2656 had no effect on the frequency of EPSCs. We conclude that hypertonic stimulation directly influences glutamatergic inputs to the neurosecretory cells of the SON by an action on the presynaptic terminals and enhances the excitatory synaptic events.

title: Osmotic modulation in glutamatergic excitatory synaptic inputs to neurons in the supraoptic nucleus of XXXX hypothalamus in vitro.

entities_list: @entity2656 :: ('MESH:D008353', 'Chemical') :: ['mannitol']

entities_list: @entity4372 :: ('MESH:D009122', 'Disease') :: ['Hypertonic']

entities_list: @entity2227 :: ('CHEBI:29987', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamate']

entities_list: @entity5373 :: ('MESH:D007736', 'Chemical') :: ['kynurenic acid']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']