abstract: @entity24986 is a novel fluorinated Vinca alkaloid currently in Phase II clinical trials, which in preclinical studies exhibited superior antitumor activity to that of two clinically useful Vinca alkaloids, @entity1206 and @entity5713 . All three of the drugs block mitosis at the metaphase/anaphase transition, leading to apoptosis. The mechanism of the @entity616 is not known. On the basis of results with purified microtubules and in living interphase cells, we hypothesized that it involves suppression of spindle microtubule dynamics. Here we measured the effects of the three Vinca alkaloids on dynamics of centromeres and spindle kinetochore-microtubules by a novel approach involving quantitative time-lapse confocal microscopy in living mitotic @entity1 @entity1 cells. Green fluorescent protein-labeled centromere-binding protein B was used to mark centromeres and kinetochore-microtubule plus ends. In controls, pairs of centromeres on sister chromatids alternated under tension between increasing and decreasing separation (stretching and relaxing). All three of the Vinca alkaloids suppressed centromere dynamics similarly at concentrations that block mitosis. At concentrations approximating the IC(50)s for mitotic accumulation (18.8 nM @entity24986 , 7.3 nM @entity1206 , and 6.1 nM @entity5713 ), centromere dynamicity decreased by 44%, 25%, and 26%, respectively, and the time centromeres spent in a paused state increased by 63%, 52%, and 36%, respectively. Centromere relaxation rates, stretching durations, and transition frequencies all decreased. Thus all three of the drugs decreased the normal microtubule-dependent spindle tension at the centromeres/kinetochores, thereby preventing the signal for mitotic checkpoint passage. The strong correlation between suppression of kinetochore-microtubule dynamics and @entity616 indicates that the primary mechanism by which the Vinca alkaloids block mitosis is suppression of spindle microtubule dynamics.

title: The effects of @entity24986 , XXXX , and @entity5713 on centromere dynamics.

entities_list: @entity24986 :: ('MESH:C111217', 'Chemical') :: ['Vinflunine', 'vinflunine']

entities_list: @entity1206 :: ('MESH:C030852', 'Chemical') :: ['vinorelbine']

entities_list: @entity5713 :: ('MESH:D014747', 'Chemical') :: ['vinblastine']

entities_list: @entity616 :: ('MESH:D006327', 'Disease') :: ['mitotic block']

answer: @entity1206 :: (MESH:C030852,Chemical) :: ['vinorelbine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Idiopathic @entity1540 ( @entity1540 ) usually are considered benign, even when frequent. However, case reports have demonstrated a possible link between frequent @entity1540 and @entity1002 . In addition, frequent @entity1540 recently were demonstrated to be associated with increased LV dimensions and @entity296 . METHODS: Among 60 consecutive @entity1 with idiopathic, frequent @entity1540 (>10/hour), a reduced LV ejection fraction (EF; mean 34% +/- 13%) was present in 22 (37%) @entity1 . @entity1 with decreased LV function had a greater PVC burden on a 24-hour Holter monitor than @entity1 with normal EF (37% +/- 13% vs. 11% +/- 10% of all QRS complexes; P <.0001). There was a significant inverse correlation between the PVC burden and the EF before ablation (r = 0.73, P <.0001). RESULTS: The @entity1540 originated in the right ventricular outflow tract in 31 (52%) of 60 @entity1 , the LV outflow tract in 9 (15%) of 60 @entity1 , and in other sites in 13 (22%) of 60 @entity1 . The site of PVC origin could not be determined in seven @entity1 . Ablation was completely successful in 48 (80%) @entity1 . In @entity1 with an abnormal EF before ablation, LV function normalized in 18 (82%) of 22 @entity1 from a baseline of 34% to 59% +/- 7% (P <.0001) within 6 months. In the four @entity1 in whom ablation was ineffective, the EF further declined from 34% +/- 10% to 25% +/- 7% (P = .06) during follow-up. In a control group of 11 @entity1 with a similar PVC burden (30% +/- 8%) and a reduced EF (28% +/- 13%) who did not undergo ablation, the EF remained unchanged in 10/11 @entity1 over 19 +/- 17 months of follow-up and one @entity1 underwent heart transplantation. CONCLUSION: LV dysfunction in the setting of frequent, idiopathic @entity1540 may represent a form of @entity296 that can be reversed by catheter ablation of the @entity1540 .

title: Radiofrequency ablation of frequent, idiopathic XXXX : comparison with a control group without intervention.

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular (LV) dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity1540 :: ('MESH:D018879', 'Disease') :: ['premature ventricular complexes', 'PVCs']

answer: @entity1540 :: (MESH:D018879,Disease) :: ['premature ventricular complexes']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity8 ( @entity20733 ) is common in @entity130 @entity1 and associated with subtherapeutic antimicrobial concentrations. This study reported the incidence of @entity20733 , identified @entity20733 risk factors and described a model to predict @entity20733 ( @entity20733 ) that is specific to @entity130 @entity1 . METHODS: Consecutive @entity130 @entity1 who were admitted to the ICU between March 2015 and January 2016 and had a measured @entity1011 clearance (CrCl) were considered for inclusion. @entity1 were excluded if their serum @entity1011 (SCr) was >1.3 mg/dL. @entity20733 was defined as a measured CrCl >= 130ml/min. Demographic and @entity130 -specific variables were then compared and multivariate analysis was performed. Using these results, a weighted scoring system was constructed and evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. ARCTIC score cut-offs were chosen based on sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value ( @entity2286 ) and negative predictive value (NPV). The derived scoring system was then compared to a previously published scoring system for accuracy. RESULTS: There were 133 @entity1 with a mean age of 48  19 years and SCr of 0.8  0.2 mg/dL. The mean measured CrCl was 168  65 ml/min and the incidence of @entity20733 was 67%. Multivariate analysis revealed the following risk factors for @entity20733 [odds ratios (95% CI)]: age <56 [58.3(5.2-658.9), age 56 to 75 [13.5(1.2-151.7)], SCr<0.7mg/dL [12.5(3-52.6)] and male gender [6.9(1.9-24.9)]. Using these results, the ARCTIC scoring system was: 4 points if age <56, 3 points if age 57-75, 3 points if SCr <0.7 mg/dL and 2 points if male gender. ROC curve analysis revealed an area (95% CI) of 0.813(0.735-0.892), p<.001. An ARCTIC score of >=  6 had a sensitivity, specificity, @entity2286 and NPV of 0.843, 0.682, 0.843 and 0.682, respectively. CONCLUSION: The incidence of @entity20733 in @entity130 @entity1 is high. The ARCTIC score represents a practical, pragmatic system that can be easily applied at the bedside. An ARCTIC score >= 6 represents an appropriate cut-off to screen for @entity20733 where antimicrobial adjustments should be considered. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Prognostic and epidemiologic study, level III.

title: Identifying augmented renal clearance in @entity130 XXXX : Validation of the augmented renal clearance in @entity130 intensive care (ARCTIC) scoring system.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['Augmented renal clearance']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: PURPOSE: To address the question of whether the @entity2516 plays a role in the amount of @entity1781 in @entity726 , we intraindividually compared @entity735 in @entity2516 with @entity735 in parameters indicating the degree of glaucomatous @entity1781 , and we interindividually correlated @entity2516 with @entity227 . DESIGN: Comparative clinical observational study. METHODS: This comparative clinical observational study was conducted in a university eye hospital. The study included 1,444 eyes of 876 @entity1 with primary or secondary chronic @entity1538 . @entity1 with a highly myopic @entity2516 (> or = -8 diopters) were excluded, owing to differences in the anatomy of the optic nerve head. Color stereo optic disk photographs were taken and morphometrically evaluated. The main outcome measures were @entity2516 , @entity2479 area, horizontal and vertical cup/disk diameter ratios, and @entity227 . RESULTS: In an interindividual statistical analysis, area of @entity2479 , horizontal and vertical cup/disk diameter ratios, and mean @entity227 were not significantly (P >.10) correlated with @entity2516 . In an intraindividual comparison, @entity735 in @entity2516 were not significantly (P >.05) correlated with @entity735 in @entity2479 area and mean @entity227 . The eye with the more @entity735 with the less myopic @entity2516 did not vary significantly in @entity2479 area and mean @entity227 . CONCLUSIONS: For nonhighly myopic (< -8 diopters) @entity1 with primary or secondary chronic @entity1538 , the @entity2516 may not play a major role for the amount of @entity1781 . For nonhighly myopic (< -8 diopters) @entity1 with primary or secondary chronic @entity1538 , @entity1714 may not be an important risk factor for @entity726 .

title: Anisometropia and degree of @entity1781 in chronic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual field defect', 'neuroretinal rim area and visual field loss', 'visual field loss']

entities_list: @entity1538 :: ('MESH:D005902', 'Disease') :: ['open-angle glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity2516 :: ('MESH:D012030', 'Disease') :: ['refractive error']

entities_list: @entity2479 :: ('MESH:D012173', 'Disease') :: ['neuroretinal rim']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity735 :: ('MESH:D005124', 'Disease') :: ['inter-eye differences', 'myopic refractive error and the contralateral eye']

entities_list: @entity1781 :: ('MESH:D009901', 'Disease') :: ['glaucomatous optic neuropathy', 'optic nerve damage']

answer: @entity1538 :: (MESH:D005902,Disease) :: ['open-angle glaucoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To construct the localization system involving anti- @entity8282 monoclonal antibody (McAb) and AFP promoters and assess its effect on @entity1 @entity157 cell lines. METHODS: The conjugate of anti- @entity8282 McAb and @entity7055 ( @entity5731 ) was made by SPDP and purified by molecular screen chromatography. DNA blocking test determined that the ratio of one pEBAF/tk to six Ab- @entity5731 was the most suitable to couple them. The pEBAF/tk recombinant plasmid bearing HSV-TK gene was coupled to Ab- @entity5731 by noncovalent bond. The pEBAF/tk was transferred into @entity1 @entity157 cell line HepG2, SMMC7721 and @entity2 cell line A549 by receptor-mediated gene delivery (Ab- @entity5731 -DNA) and liposome procedure. The growth inhibitory rates of HepG2, SMMC7721 and A549 cells were measured by @entity98 assay. RESULTS: The inhibitory rates of HepG2/tk in 100 mg/L and 1 mg/L of GCV were 60.5% and 24.3%, respectively. The inhibitory rate of GCV to SMMC7721 was 23.2% in 3 days. The @entity2 cell A549, A549/tk (Ab) and A549 /tk (lipo) could not be inhibited by the addition of GCV. CONCLUSION: The localization system employed in this paper has high specificity, effectiveness and safety for gene therapy. It would be a promising strategy for gene therapy.

title: [The construction of transferrin receptor- mediated HSV-TK gene transfer system and its effect on @entity1 XXXX cells in vitro].

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary cancer']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['hepatoma']

entities_list: @entity7055 :: ('MESH:D011107', 'Chemical') :: ['polylysine']

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']


abstract: PURPOSE: We report our experience of minimally invasive partial nephrectomy without @entity63 using a microwave tissue coagulator (MTC) for @entity8566 ( @entity8566 ), @entity7617 ( @entity7617 ), and laparoendoscopic single-site surgery for partial nephrectomy (LESSPN). We retrospectively compared the results of these techniques to better define the individual role and the benefits. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From July 2005 to September 2012, 28 @entity1 with small and exophytic @entity703 underwent @entity8566 (n = 12), @entity7617 (n = 10) and LESSPN (n = 6). In these procedures, the surgeon used an MTC for circumferential coagulation around the @entity5 . After coagulation, the @entity5 was resected without renal pedicle clamping. RESULTS: The mean operative time was 259, 194 and 174 min for the @entity8566 , @entity7617 and LESSPN groups respectively. Two @entity1 (one in @entity8566 group and one in LESSPN group) converted to laparotomy due to an inability to maintain hemostasis; however, there were no conversions to ischemic partial nephrectomy or radical nephrectomy. No differences between @entity8566 , @entity7617 and LESSPN were noted in terms of estimated @entity190 , measured analgesic requirements, outcomes, or complications. CONCLUSION: We believe that these techniques are feasible and that they minimize the risk of unexpected collateral thermal damage by appropriate MTC needle puncture. When deciding to use @entity8566 , @entity7617 or LESSPN, our findings suggest that the choice of surgical approach should depend on the @entity1 's individual circumstance.

title: Hand-assisted, conventional and laparoendoscopic single-site surgery for partial nephrectomy without XXXX using a microwave tissue coagulator.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity7617 :: ('MESH:C563514', 'Disease') :: ['CLPN', 'conventional laparoscopic partial nephrectomy']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity8566 :: ('MESH:D060831', 'Disease') :: ['HALPN', 'hand-assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy']

entities_list: @entity703 :: ('MESH:D007680', 'Disease') :: ['renal tumors']

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['ischemia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In @entity1 with heavy @entity644 , corticosteroid therapy has been shown to have favorable effects on the progression of @entity8 . However, the efficacy of @entity288 on the progression of @entity8 with moderate @entity644 is still controversial. METHODS: We assessed 45 adult (age, 18-50 years) @entity1 with moderate @entity644 (0.5-2.0 g daily) and preserved renal function, (serum @entity1011 concentration, < or = 106 micromol/l) who were diagnosed as having primary @entity8 between December 1993 and July 1998. Twenty-three of the @entity1 were treated with @entity288 ( @entity134 group), and the remaining 22 @entity1 had no @entity134 treatment (control group). All @entity1 were followed up for more than 3 years. RESULTS: There were no differences in baseline characteristics between the two groups, except for @entity644 . In the @entity134 group, urinary protein excretion was significantly higher than that in the control group. During the follow-up period, urinary protein excretion was not changed in the control group. On the other hand, in the @entity134 group, mean urinary protein excretion decreased significantly. Seven @entity1 in the control group and 2 @entity1 in the @entity134 group reached the endpoint, which was defined as a 50% increase in serum @entity1011 concentration from baseline. Renal survival curves were significantly different between the two groups. A second biopsy was performed in 20 @entity1 who received @entity134 therapy. Mesangial cell proliferation, mesangial matrix increase, and cellular crescents were significantly reduced in the second compared with the first biopsy specimens. CONCLUSIONS: @entity134 therapy is effective in reducing the progression of @entity8 with moderate @entity644 .

title: Effect of corticosteroid therapy on the progression of XXXX with moderate @entity644 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['IgA nephropathy']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['Steroid', 'steroid']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['IgA nephropathy']


abstract: PURPOSE: Excisional hemorrhoidectomy (EH) can be complicated by high early (EP) and prolonged @entity158 (PP). This study aimed to determine predictors of high @entity282 and to develop a risk score suitable to identify @entity1 candidates to a more active analgesic treatment. METHODS: We collected data of @entity1 undergoing EH between January 2005 and September 2012 (development group). @entity1 -, disease-, surgery-, and surgeon-related characteristics were gathered. @entity148 was evaluated by means of STAI-Y. EP was assessed at 1-day, while PP at 15-day follow-up by means of a 10-cm VAS (cutoff, EP   >=    5; PP   >=    3  cm). On the basis of the odds ratio from a logistic regression, independent risk factors were assigned a weighted integer. The sum comprised the risk score, which was validated on a prospective cohort of @entity1 undergoing EH between September 2012 and January 2014. RESULTS: Five hundred fourteen @entity1 were included in development group. Incidence of EP was 18.3  %, with 40.4  % developing PP. Younger age, male gender, advanced education, @entity1142 , external component, @entity3290 and trait, and high anal resting tone were independent predictors of EP. Previous @entity158 exerted a protective effect. Incomplete postoperative evacuation, advanced education level, high anal resting tone, and anxious trait were predictors of PP. In the development group, the risk of EP ranged between 1  % (low risk) and 21  % (high risk). Receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis of validation group (n   =   130) confirmed the discriminatory power of this model (area under the ROC   =   0.69). CONCLUSION: The score can stratify the risk of EP following EH, identifying high-risk @entity1 candidates to active analgesic administration or alternative surgical procedures.

title: Development and validation of a practical score to predict XXXX after excisional hemorrhoidectomy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity3290 :: ('MESH:D062706', 'Disease') :: ['anxious state']

entities_list: @entity1142 :: ('MESH:D003248', 'Disease') :: ['constipation']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative pain']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: PURPOSE: To present the MR findings of intracranial dural @entity2758 with @entity1211 , emphasizing the parenchymal changes. METHODS: Conventional MR and x-ray angiograms in 13 @entity1 with dural @entity2758 and @entity1211 were reviewed. The site of the shunt, location of the @entity1211 , and presence of @entity1211 were assessed on the angiograms. Parenchymal changes, dilated vessels, and @entity432 were assessed on MR. RESULTS: On MR, 10 of the 13 @entity1 (77%) had dilated pial vessels. Two @entity1 had @entity1276 . Two @entity1 presented with @entity548 , one with a subdural component, both remote from the nidus. Two @entity1 presented with @entity510 . One @entity1 had a parenchymal bleed 9 months after presentation. @entity432 was evident on MR in 2 @entity1 . Diffuse @entity4 in the cerebellar or cerebral hemispheres was present on MR in 4 @entity1 and correlated with @entity51 . In 2 of these 4 @entity1 , @entity2287 enhancement was seen in the periphery of the involved hemisphere. CONCLUSIONS: On MR a surplus of pial vessels suggests a dural @entity2758 with @entity1211 . The MR finding of @entity4 deep in the cerebral or cerebellar hemispheres is direct evidence of a @entity450 .

title: @entity450 : an MR finding in dural @entity2758 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2758 :: ('MESH:D001165', 'Disease') :: ['arteriovenous malformation', 'arteriovenous malformations']

entities_list: @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['hydrocephalus']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['parenchymal bleeds']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['subarachnoid hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['white matter edema']

entities_list: @entity450 :: ('MESH:D006940', 'Disease') :: ['venous congestion']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurologic deficits']

entities_list: @entity2287 :: ('MESH:D005682', 'Chemical') :: ['gadolinium']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['venous occlusive disease', 'Venous occlusion']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['cortical venous drainage', 'venous stenosis', 'venous reflux', 'cortical venous reflux']

answer: @entity1211 :: (MESH:D054556,Disease) :: ['cortical venous drainage']


abstract: PURPOSE: To report 5 @entity1 with a black material accumulating in the conjunctiva around the @entity702 peg and sleeve systems. METHODS: Retrospective small case series. The clinical features of 5 @entity1 were reviewed. Histopathologic analysis was performed on specimens from 3 @entity1 . Neutron activation analysis was performed on 1 sample. RESULTS: Five asymptomatic @entity1 with black material accumulating in the conjunctiva at the conjunctival- @entity702 peg interface were evaluated. All @entity1 had a @entity692 -coated @entity702 sleeve with a @entity702 peg in position. Histopathologic analysis performed on specimens from 3 @entity1 revealed a mixed inflammatory cell infiltrate with focal areas of a black, foreign-appearing material showing birefringence under polarized light that was predominantly intracytoplasmic. This black material did not respond to bleaching, and in 2 @entity1 , it showed positive staining for @entity68 (Perls method). The material from one @entity1 was evaluated by neutron activation analysis and was found to contain @entity702 , @entity3775 , and @entity5336 . In 18 to 48 months of follow-up, the presence of the material did not appear to be associated with any problems. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of a black substance accumulating in the conjunctiva around some @entity702 coupling posts is uncommon and appears to be without any consequence in 18 to 48 months of follow-up. Our analysis revealed this substance to be consistent with @entity702 alloy ( @entity13843 ).

title: Accumulation of a black material around some XXXX coupling posts.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3775 :: ('MESH:D000535', 'Chemical') :: ['aluminum']

entities_list: @entity5336 :: ('MESH:D014639', 'Chemical') :: ['vanadium']

entities_list: @entity692 :: ('MESH:D017886', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxyapatite']

entities_list: @entity702 :: ('MESH:D014025', 'Chemical') :: ['titanium']

answer: @entity702 :: (MESH:D014025,Chemical) :: ['titanium']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Nevus of Ota is a form of @entity4607 that appears as a bluish discoloration in the trigeminal region. Although Q-switched lasers provide effective treatment, the appropriate age at which to start that treatment is not known. Our aim is to compare the clinical efficacy and safety of Q-switched ruby laser (QSRL) in the treatment of @entity13687 in different age groups. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS: Our study included 46 @entity1 and 107 adults with @entity13687 , which had been treated with QSRL that achieved excellent (75% or more) to complete response. The laser parameters were 694-nm wavelength, 30 nanoseconds pulse duration, 4-mm spot size, and 5-7 J/cm2 fluence at 3-4 month intervals. We assessed the mean number of treatment sessions and the degree of complications in the two age groups of @entity1 . RESULTS: The mean number of treatment sessions to achieve significance to complete clearing was 3.5 for the younger age group and 5.9 for the older age group (P = 0.0001). The complication rate for the younger age group was 4.8% as compared to 22.4% for the older age group. CONCLUSIONS: The use of QSRL for the treatment of @entity13687 in @entity1 can achieve an excellent result in fewer sessions and at a lower complication rate than later treatment. The risk of recurrence is a concern, however, and further long-term study is necessary to address this issue.

title: Use of Q-switched ruby laser in the treatment of XXXX in different age groups.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'children']

entities_list: @entity13687 :: ('MESH:D009507', 'Disease') :: ['nevus of Ota']

entities_list: @entity4607 :: ('MESH:D006222', 'Disease') :: ['dermal melanocytic hamartoma']

answer: @entity13687 :: (MESH:D009507,Disease) :: ['nevus of ota']


abstract: GH secretagogues (GHS) have been used for the differential diagnosis of ACTH-dependent @entity699 ( @entity699 ) since 1997 due to their ability to increase ACTH and @entity701 levels in @entity699 . The aim of this study was to correlate ACTH response to GH-releasing peptide-6 (GHRP-6) in vivo with GH secretagogue receptor type 1a (GHSR-1a) mRNA expression in a @entity1 with @entity2 . The @entity1 was a 26-yr-old male with diagnosis of ACTH-dependent @entity699 . He presented negative responses to @entity1 @entity6192 and desmopressin tests; yet, a significant increase in ACTH after the GHRP-6 test was observed. Sellar magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed slight posterior hypointensity, but bilateral petrosal sinus sampling did not show central gradient. Computed tomography (CT) and MRI of thorax/abdomen/cervical were negative and @entity13098 scintigraphy depicted abnormal uptake on the right lung. The @entity1 was submitted to right thoracotomy for exeresis of lung nodule and hilar lymph node which were characterized as @entity2 and he presented clinical and laboratorial remission after surgery. GHSR-1a mRNA expression was studied with real-time quantitative PCR and @entity5 data were compared with fragments of normal lung and pituitary. There was a higher GHSR-1a expression in the @entity2 as compared with normal tissues. The ACTH response to GHRP-6 in a @entity1 with ectopic ACTH production by a @entity2 was associated with GHSR-1a expression in the @entity5 tissue, suggesting an association between GHSR-1a mRNA overexpression and the in vivo response to GHS.

title: In vivo response to growth hormone-releasing peptide-6 in adrenocorticotropin-dependent XXXX by @entity2 is associated with growth hormone secretagogue receptor type 1a mRNA expression.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['atypical lung carcinoid tumor', 'lung carcinoid tumor']

entities_list: @entity699 :: ('MESH:D003480', 'Disease') :: ['CS', "Cushing's disease", "Cushing's syndrome"]

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity13098 :: ('MESH:C081788', 'Chemical') :: ['111In-pentetreotide']

answer: @entity699 :: (MESH:D003480,Disease) :: ['Cushing's syndrome']


abstract: The purpose of this study was to assess the long-term efficacy and safety of @entity20115 , a new angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, alone or in combination with @entity918 in @entity1 with @entity101 . The @entity1 population consisted of 281 @entity101 @entity1 and @entity1 , 30-84 years old, with seated diastolic BP between 95 and 114 mmHg. The study was a two year multicenter (22 centers), open-label protocol of @entity20115 monotherapy or combination therapy (with @entity918 ). Blood pressure, pulse rate, weight, adverse side-effects and laboratory studies were assessed following @entity20115 dosing at 7.5, 15 or 30 mg once daily or 15-30 mg daily in combination with 12.5 mg @entity918 if the @entity13520 was > or = 90 mmHg. The primary measure of efficacy was change from baseline in seated @entity13520 . Secondary outcome measures included changes in seated @entity13519 , heart rate, laboratory parameters and subjective complaints. Following one year of therapy in 183 @entity1 , the BP fell 13/14 mmHg among @entity1 receiving @entity20115 monotherapy and 18/15 mmHg those receiving combined therapy compared with baseline (P < 0.001 for both). After two years of treatment, reductions were similar in 161 @entity1 . Forty-four (16%) @entity1 were prematurely withdrawn from the study because of inadequate therapeutic response and 34 (12%) secondary to adverse experiences. There were no changes in pulse rate or postural BP reductions. Four adverse side-effects occurred at a frequency exceeding 2% that were possibly or probably attributable to @entity20115 : fatigue (3%), @entity10 (2%), @entity1296 (3%) and increased cough (5%).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Long-term efficacy and safety of XXXX in the treatment of @entity101 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity20115 :: ('MESH:C058302', 'Chemical') :: ['moexipril']

entities_list: @entity918 :: ('MESH:D006852', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrochlorothiazide']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity1296 :: ('MESH:D004244', 'Disease') :: ['dizziness']

answer: @entity20115 :: (MESH:C058302,Chemical) :: ['moexipril']


abstract: Microsomal @entity11670 -mediated monooxygenase activity supported by @entity1110 requires an interaction between flavoprotein @entity1110 - @entity12325 reductase and @entity12325 . These proteins have been identified as the simplest system (with the inclusion of a phospholipid (PL) component) that possesses monooxygenase function; however, little is known about the organization of these proteins in the microsomal membrane. Although reductase and @entity11670 are known to form a 1:1 functional complex, there exists a 10- to 20-fold excess of @entity11670 over the reductase. This raises several questions including "How are the enzymes of the @entity11670 system organized in the microsomal membrane?" and "Can one @entity11670 enzyme affect the functional characteristics of another @entity11670 ?" This review summarizes evidence supporting the potential for enzymes involved in the @entity11670 system to interact, focusing on the interactions between reductase and @entity11670 and interactions between multiple @entity11670 enzymes. Studies on the aggregation characteristics of @entity11670 as well as on rotational diffusion are detailed, with a special emphasis on the potential for @entity11670 enzymes to produce oligomeric complexes and to suggest the environment in which @entity11670 exists in the endoplasmic reticulum. Finally, more recent studies describing the potential for multiple P450s to exist as complexes and their effect on @entity11670 function are presented, including studies using reconstituted systems as well as systems where two P450s are coexpressed in the presence of reductase. An understanding of the interactions among reductase and multiple P450s is important for predicting conditions where the drug disposition may be altered by the direct effects of @entity11670 - @entity11670 complex formation. Furthermore, the potential for one @entity11670 enzyme to affect the behavior of another @entity11670 may be extremely important for drug screening and development, requiring metabolic screening of a drug with reconstituted systems containing multiple P450s rather than simpler systems containing only a single form.

title: Organization of multiple cytochrome P450s with @entity1110 - XXXX reductase in membranes.

answer: @entity12325 :: (4051,Gene) :: ['cytochrome P450']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Previous occupational studies have used exposure in most recent job as a surrogate for all jobs or "total work history" exposure. This method may not be valid for diseases in @entity717 brought on by one job may influence later work history, such as @entity565 . We investigated different surrogates for total work history for the outcome of @entity565 symptoms. METHODS: In a cross-sectional study, we quantitatively compared three exposure surrogates (last job, first job, and longest-held job) with the total cumulative work exposure (all jobs) in a cohort of 1778 @entity5715 industry workers. The chemical exposures we compared were total @entity1388 dust, inspirable dust, and @entity9733 with the respiratory symptoms of wheeze, chest tightness, and @entity2490 . RESULTS: When extrapolated over time, all surrogates quantitatively overestimated the gold standard "all jobs" for all three exposures investigated. For the symptom of wheeze, last job was found to be the worst surrogate for all jobs for the three exposure types investigated. Prevalence ratios for @entity1388 exposure and the symptom of occupational wheeze were last job 1.07 (95% confidence interval, 0.92-1.26), longest job 1.10 (0.94-1.30), first job 1.14 (0.97-1.35), and all jobs 1.27 (1.05-1.53). CONCLUSIONS: Although last job has been found to be a satisfactory surrogate for all jobs in @entity5 studies, we do not recommend the use of this metric in studies of @entity102 where development of disability may occur with early exposure. We found that both first job and longest job held were better metrics in studies where the adverse health effect may influence the job history of subject.

title: Comparison of first, last, and longest-held jobs as surrogates for all jobs in estimating cumulative exposure in cross-sectional studies of work-related XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity9733 :: ('MESH:D013458', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfur dioxide']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic diseases']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['which disability']

entities_list: @entity1388 :: ('MESH:D005459', 'Chemical') :: ['fluoride']

entities_list: @entity5715 :: ('CHEBI:28984', 'Chemical') :: ['aluminium']

answer: @entity565 :: (MESH:D001249,Disease) :: ['asthma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the epidemiology of @entity10395 , including @entity14654 and @entity6313 in clinic attendees in Hong Kong. METHODS: Two groups were included: the institutional group consisted of clinical evaluation and mycological investigations by dermatologists; and the private group consisted of clinical evaluation only by the private physicians. @entity1 who had a regular visit to the clinics were randomly invited to have a clinical examination of their feet. RESULTS: A total of 1014 @entity1 were studied. The prevalence rate of @entity10395 , @entity364 , @entity14654 and toe nail @entity6313 were respectively 50.7%, 26.9%, 20.4% and 16.6%. More male and elderly @entity1 were affected except that the sex prevalence in toe nail @entity6313 was not shown to be significant. @entity455 , @entity6 and @entity28 were the three most prevalent predisposing factors in @entity10395 , @entity364 and @entity5806 . Dermatophytes, in particular @entity12734 , were shown to be the most common pathogen in both skin and nail infections. CONCLUSIONS: @entity10395 , especially @entity14654 and toe nail @entity6313 , are common in @entity1 attending local clinics in Hong Kong. Both physicians and @entity1 should be more aware of foot problems and have more active approaches and management strategies.

title: A prospective epidemiological study on XXXX and @entity6313 in Hong Kong.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity14654 :: ('MESH:D014008', 'Disease') :: ['tinea pedis']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['Vascular disease']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity5806 :: ('MESH:D009260', 'Disease') :: ['fungal nail disease']

entities_list: @entity6313 :: ('MESH:D014009', 'Disease') :: ['onychomycosis']

entities_list: @entity364 :: ('MESH:D009181', 'Disease') :: ['fungal infections', 'fungal disease']

entities_list: @entity10395 :: ('MESH:D005534', 'Disease') :: ['foot diseases', 'foot disease', 'Foot diseases']

entities_list: @entity12734 :: ('5551', 'Species') :: ['Trichophyton rubrum']

answer: @entity14654 :: (MESH:D014008,Disease) :: ['tinea pedis']


abstract: @entity9052 is a root that has been used to treat @entity1 with various illnesses for the last 2000 years. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of @entity9052 extract (G115) on Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs), Maximum Voluntary Ventilation (MVV), @entity551 ( @entity551 ) and Maximal @entity26 Consumption (VO2max) in @entity1 with moderately-severe @entity1030 ( @entity1030 ). Ninety-two adults were randomly divided into the experimental (n = 49, G115 100 mg bid for three months) and placebo-control (n = 43) groups. PFTs, MVV and @entity551 were studied before treatment and every two weeks for the 3-month-study period. Exercise test and VO2max measurements were performed before the beginning and after six weeks and three months. P lower than 0.05 was considered significant. Baseline demographics and pulmonary parameters were similar between the groups. In the experimental, but not in the control group, all parameters significantly increased above baseline and compared with the placebo group. Maximum increase, compared with baseline was FVC-32.5%, FEV1.0-27.0%, PEF-27.5%, FEF50-45.4%, FEF75-56.9%, MVV-40.4%, @entity551 -47.0% and VO2max-37.5%. No side effects were observed. G115 100 mg bid for three months, but not placebo, improved PFTs, MVV, @entity551 and VO2 max in @entity1 with moderately-severe @entity1030 with no side effects.

title: @entity9052 improves pulmonary functions and exercise capacity in XXXX with @entity1030 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['Oxygen']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease', 'COPD']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['MIP', 'Maximum Inspiratory Pressure']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: In research facilities using non- @entity1 primates, crown-height reduction with partial coronal pulpectomy ("vital pulpotomy") is routinely performed on @entity235 teeth of adult male monkeys to reduce self-trauma and the potential for injury to staff or cage-mates. Success of pulpotomy techniques in @entity1 is reportedly 40 to 60%. Failure leads to @entity32 and @entity14479 , which introduces variability in research animals, and may affect research results. The purpose of the study reported here was to determine failure rate of this procedure by evaluating clinical and radiographic findings at 3, 9, and 24 months after crown amputation and partial coronal pulpectomy of maxillary @entity235 in adult male @entity2608 . METHODS: Forty-seven maxillary @entity235 teeth from 24 adult male @entity2608 were treated by use of crown amputation and partial coronal pulpectomy, using standard dental technique. Follow-up clinical and radiographic examination was performed 3, 9, and 24 months after surgery. RESULTS: At three months after surgery, there was no clinical evidence of failure at any of the teeth. On the basis of radiographic findings, 2 of 47 teeth had failed and one was suspicious for early failure. At nine months, clinical evidence of failure was not apparent; radiographically, 5 of 44 teeth appeared to have failed and 3 others were suspect. Two years post-operatively, failure was clinically evident at two teeth, with radiographic evidence of failure in five teeth, and suspicion of early failure in an additional six of 41 teeth [corrected]. CONCLUSIONS: The failure rate of crown amputation and partial coronal pulpectomy of @entity235 teeth in adult male @entity2608 is high, and the @entity32 associated with this is cause for concern.

title: Results of crown-height reduction and partial coronal pulpectomy in XXXX ( @entity2608 ).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['chronic inflammation']

entities_list: @entity14479 :: ('MESH:D003790', 'Disease') :: ['pulp necrosis']

entities_list: @entity235 :: ('9615', 'Species') :: ['canine', 'canines']

entities_list: @entity2608 :: ('9544', 'Species') :: ['rhesus monkeys']

answer: @entity2608 :: (9544,Species) :: ['rhesus monkeys']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical manifestations and mortality related risk factors in @entity1 with @entity5327 ( @entity5327 ). METHODS: Clinical data of forty-three confirmed @entity5327 @entity1 in the PLA General Hospital from June 2002 to June 2012 were retrospectively analyzed. All @entity1 were classified into the survival group (28 cases) and the death group (15 cases) according to the prognosis. The prognosis associated factors were further analyzed. RESULTS: The study group consisted of 31 @entity1 (72.1%) and 12 @entity1 (27.9%), with average age of (63    11) years. The majority @entity1 with @entity5327 in our study had history of @entity731 . The main clinical manifestations included @entity490 [100% (43/43)], @entity390 and vomitting [55.8% (24/43)], @entity360 [32.6% (14/43)]. Abdominal CT scan was performed in 74.4% (32/43) @entity1 with a high positive result of 96.9% (31/32). @entity353 occurred more frequently in survival group than in death group [32.1% (9/28) vs 6.7% (1/15) , P = 0.001]. Moreover, weight loss has been shown as a protective factor for @entity5327 survival (OR = 0.75, P = 0.038) by logistic analysis. Compared with the death group, the incidence of either peritoneal irritation sign or ascites was significantly lower in survival group [respectively 7.1% (2/28) vs 66.7% (10/15), 14.3% (4/28) vs 73.3% (11/15), P < 0.05], which were two independent risk factors of mortality (OR = 8.51, P = 0.014; OR = 3.07, P = 0.028) . The incidence of main @entity1416 of @entity6029 ( @entity6029 ) in death group was higher than that in survival group [93.3% (14/15) vs 60.7% (17/28), P = 0.023]. @entity1416 of @entity6029 was also an independent mortality risk factor of @entity5327 @entity1 (OR = 5.05, P = 0.039) . A total of 18 @entity1 were treated with enterectomy.Intestine excision length was shorter in survival group than in death group [(82.8    25.2)cm vs (141.0    18.1) cm, P = 0.017]. The time from onset to operation in survival group was shorter than that in death group [(44.8    29.7) h vs (69.1    28.0) h, P = 0.013]. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with @entity5327 based on chronic @entity63 have a relative good prognosis for survival. Peritoneal irritation sign, @entity1416 of @entity6029 were independent risk factors for death in @entity5327 .Intestine excision length and the interval from onset to operation may affect the mortality of @entity5327 @entity1 .

title: [The clinical analysis for 43 cases of XXXX confirmed by angiography and surgery].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['Weight loss']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity1416 :: ('MESH:D020762', 'Disease') :: ['artery embolism', 'Main artery embolism', 'ascites and main artery embolism']

entities_list: @entity6029 :: ('MESH:D013478', 'Disease') :: ['superior mesentery artery', 'SMA']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerotic diseases']

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['hematochezia']

entities_list: @entity5327 :: ('MESH:D065666', 'Disease') :: ['ASMAE', 'acute superior mesenteric artery embolism']

answer: @entity5327 :: (MESH:D065666,Disease) :: ['acute superior mesenteric artery thrombosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: There are few data for associations of serum @entity1243 with body fat, fat distribution, sex hormones, or fasting @entity2690 in elderly adults. We hypothesized that the sex difference in serum @entity1243 concentrations would disappear after adjustment for subcutaneous, but not visceral body fat. Serum @entity1243 would not be associated with sex hormone concentrations or serum fasting @entity2690 after adjusting for body fat and fat distribution. RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES: @entity1386 ( @entity1386 ) and @entity1386 ( @entity1386 ) volumes were measured using magnetic resonance imaging in a cross-sectional sample of 56 nondiabetic, elderly @entity1 and @entity1 aged 64 years to 94 years. Serum @entity1243 , sex hormones ( @entity251 and @entity1815 ), sex hormone-binding globulin, and fasting @entity2690 were also measured. Nine @entity1 were taking hormone replacement, and five @entity1 were clinically hypogonadal. RESULTS: @entity1243 was significantly associated with both @entity1386 and @entity1386 in each sex. Adjustment for @entity1386 reduced the sex difference in @entity1243 by 56%, but adjustment for @entity1386 increased the difference by 25%. @entity1243 was not associated with serum @entity1815 or hormone replacement therapy in the @entity1 , but had a significant, negative association with @entity251 in the @entity1 that was independent of @entity1386 , but not @entity1386 . @entity1243 was significantly associated with fasting @entity2690 in both sexes independent of age, sex hormones, sex hormone-binding globulin, @entity1386 and @entity1386 . DISCUSSION: Sex difference in serum @entity1243 is partly explained by different amounts of @entity1386 . Studies including both @entity1 and @entity1 should adjust for @entity1386 rather than total body fat that includes @entity1386 . The sex difference in serum @entity1243 is not due to @entity172 , but may be partly explained by @entity251 . @entity251 is negatively associated with @entity1243 in @entity1 , but the association is confounded with @entity1386 . @entity1243 is associated with fasting @entity2690 in nondiabetic elderly @entity1 and @entity1 independent of body fat, fat distribution, or sex hormones.

title: Serum XXXX in elderly @entity1 : associations with sex hormones, @entity2690 , and adipose tissue volumes.

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone', 'Testosterone']

entities_list: @entity1386 :: ('MESH:D018205', 'Disease') :: ['visceral adipose tissue', 'Subcutaneous adipose tissue', 'SAT', 'VAT']

answer: @entity1243 :: (3952,Gene) :: ['leptin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Prior meta-analytic work has highlighted important etiological distinctions between aggressive (AGG) and @entity146 @entity6724 ( @entity6724 ) dimensions of @entity146 . Among these is the finding that @entity6724 is influenced by the environment more than is AGG. Relatively little research, however, has sought to identify the specific environmental experiences that contribute to this effect. The current study sought to do just this. METHOD: We examined whether unrelated adults residing in the same neighborhood (n = 1915 @entity1 in 501 neighborhoods) were more similar in their AGG and @entity6724 than would be expected by chance. Analyses focused on simple multi-level models, with the @entity1 as the lower-level unit and the neighborhood as the upper-level unit. RESULTS: Results revealed little to no evidence of neighborhood-level variance in AGG. By contrast, 11+% of the variance in @entity6724 could be predicted from @entity1 neighborhood, results that persisted even when considering the possibility of genetic relatedness across @entity1 and neighborhood selection effects. Moreover, 17% of this neighborhood-level variance in @entity6724 was accounted for by neighborhood structural characteristics and social processes. CONCLUSIONS: Findings bolster prior suggestions that broader contextual experiences, like the structural and social characteristics of one's neighborhood, contribute in a meaningful way to @entity6724 in particular. Our results also tentatively imply that this association may be environmental in origin. Future work should seek to develop additional, stronger designs capable of more clearly leveraging genetic un-relatedness to improve causal inferences regarding the environment.

title: Neighborhood as a predictor of XXXX , but not aggressive, @entity146 in adulthood.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'participant']

entities_list: @entity6724 :: ('MESH:D019457', 'Disease') :: ['rule-breaking', 'RB']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['antisocial behavior', 'non-aggressive']

answer: @entity146 :: (MESH:D001523,Disease) :: ['non-aggressive']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Abnormal embryo development is the major cause of implantation failure and accounts for the low rate of @entity1 fertility in vitro and in vivo. @entity2008 are widely involved in this process through meiotic nondisjunction, fertilization abnormalities and @entity1467 . CASE: In our assisted reproductive technology program a couple underwent cytogenetic analysis. The @entity1 had a 47,XX + mar karyotype. We investigated this @entity1 by chromosome analysis, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) DNA analysis. The marker chromosome was found to be very similar to a Y chromosome in size and QFQ staining pattern. Therefore, it was tested by FISH using alpha- and beta-satellite DNA specific for the Y chromosome, some YACs specific for the long arm of the Y chromosome and alpha-satellite DNA specific for 15 chromosomes as probes. In order to define this marker, the next step was PCR amplification of the whole genomic DNA using specific landmarks (sequence-tagged sites) to encompass the @entity3893 factor ( @entity16619 ) region on the long arm of the Y chromosome. CONCLUSION: A @entity1 had an extra chromosome containing centromeric DNA derived from the Y and 15 other chromosomes, heterochromatic regions derived from 15 chromosomes and a large heterochromatic block at the end of the long arm that definitely was not Y chromosome heterochromatin (beta-satellite). PCR showed several genes of the Y chromosome long arm that are assumed to be involved in male gametogenesis. Phenotypic effects could not be excluded because of the presence of @entity16619 genes. Oocyte karyotyping might better explain the role of the genetic problem on female infertility.

title: 47,XX + mar karyotype containing genes from the XXXX factor region. A case report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'human', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1467 :: ('MESH:D004314', 'Disease') :: ['mitotic nondisjunction']

entities_list: @entity2008 :: ('MESH:D002869', 'Disease') :: ['Chromosome abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity3893 :: ('MESH:D053713', 'Disease') :: ['azoospermia']

answer: @entity3893 :: (MESH:D053713,Disease) :: ['azoospermia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Psoriasis is a @entity66 affected by both genetic and environmental factors. Several comorbid conditions, such as smoking, @entity308 and @entity28 have been found to be associated with @entity1569 . This study addressed the association of @entity1569 and @entity28 using same-gender full siblings as controls, correlating between body mass index (BMI) and severity of @entity1569 as determined by body surface area (BSA) and the @entity2026 ( @entity2026 ). METHODS: In total, 88 @entity1 undergoing outpatient treatment for @entity1569 were surveyed for demographic information, @entity1569 history, social history, personal and family medical history, whether they had a same-gender full sibling and if so, the age, weight and height of the sibling. Height, weight, @entity2026 scores and percentage of BSA affected by @entity1569 , were recorded for each @entity1 . BMI was calculated for each @entity1 and their same-gender full sibling. RESULTS: A positive association between @entity1569 severity and BMI was found. @entity2026 score increased with BMI (Spearman's correlation, r(s) = 0.29, P = 0.007). There was also a positive correlation between BMI and BSA%, r(s) = 0.24, P = 0.02. A significant difference in BMI between @entity1 with @entity1569 and the same-gender full sibling control was seen for @entity1 (mean +/- SD 30.2 +/- 10.2 vs. 27.6 +/- 7.3 kg/m(2), respectively, P = 0.02), but not for @entity1 . CONCLUSION: In this study, @entity1569 severity was found to be related to the level of @entity28 . Using same-gender siblings as genetic controls for predisposition to both @entity28 and @entity1569 , @entity1 with @entity1569 were more likely to have a higher BMI, particularly for @entity1 . This study reinforces the need to treat the whole @entity1 and to encourage healthy living, such as maintaining an appropriate weight, proper eating habits and exercise. Limitations of this study include the relatively small number of @entity1 enrolled, potential inaccuracies in sibling BMIs calculated from information provided by @entity1 , and a lack of information about dietary habits, exercise and lifestyle.

title: Relationship of XXXX severity to @entity28 using same-gender siblings as controls for @entity28 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity1569 :: ('MESH:D011565', 'Disease') :: ['psoriasis']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['multifactorial disease']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity2026 :: ('MESH:D001037', 'Disease') :: ["Physician's Global Assessment", 'PGA']

answer: @entity1569 :: (MESH:D011565,Disease) :: ['psoriasis']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: (1) to describe @entity341 ( @entity341 ) physicians' and nurses' perceptions about the sequence of work related to @entity1 management with use of an integrated @entity341 Information System (EDIS), and (2) to measure changes in the sequence of clinician access to @entity1 information. METHODS: A mixed method study was conducted in four metropolitan EDs. Each used the same EDIS which is a module of the hospitals' enterprise-wide clinical information system composed of many components of an electronic medical record. This enabled access to clinical and management information relating to @entity1 attending all hospitals in the region. Phase one - data were collected from @entity341 physicians and nurses (n=97) by 69 in-depth interviews, five focus groups (28 @entity1 ), and 26h of observations. Phase two - physicians (n=34) in one @entity341 were observed over 2 weeks. Data included whether and what type of information was accessed from the EDIS prior to first examination of the @entity1 . RESULTS: Clinicians reported, and phase 2 observations confirmed, that the integrated EDIS led to changes to the order of information access, which held implications for when tests were ordered and results accessed. Most physicians accessed @entity1 information using EDIS prior to taking the @entity1 ' first medical history (77/116; 66.4%, 95% CI: 57.8-75.0%). Previous discharge summaries (74%) and past test results (61%) were most frequently accessed and junior doctors were more likely to access electronic past history information than their senior colleagues (  (2)=20.717, d.f.=1, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The integrated EDIS created new ways of working for @entity341 clinicians. Such changes could hold positive implications for: time taken to reach a diagnosis and deliver treatments; length of stay; @entity1 outcomes and experiences.

title: Does an integrated XXXX Information System change the sequence of clinical work? A mixed-method cross-site study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['ED', 'Emergency Department']

answer: @entity341 :: (MESH:D004630,Disease) :: ['Emergency Department']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To determine the relationship between @entity1358 subtypes and the associated mortality and biochemical parameters. An additional aim was to analyze multiphasic multidetector computed tomography findings. METHODS: This study is a hospital-based retrospective investigation, using 211 @entity1 with a diagnosis of @entity1358 upon computed tomography examination. The histological subtypes included clear cell in 119 @entity1 , chromophobe cell in 30 @entity1 , papillary cell in 25 @entity1 , mixed cell in 32 @entity1 , and sarcomatoid cell in 4 @entity1 . RESULTS: The mean age of the @entity1 participating in this study was 61.18    11.81 years, and the mortality rate was 10.4% (n = 22) through the 2-year follow-up. The ratios of both the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte upon admission to the hospital and platelet-to-lymphocyte of the non-surviving group were significantly higher than those of the surviving group (p < 0.05). When the analysis of the 2-year survival of the @entity1 was examined according to the median platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio values, the Kaplan-Meier survival curves were significantly different between the surviving and non-surviving groups (p = 0.01). In two-way analysis of variance test, statistically significant results which were influenced by mortality (p = 0.028) and were found between @entity1358 subtypes in the computed tomography density of corticomedullary phase (p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio may represent widely available biomarkers in @entity1358 , and the logistic regression model indicated that neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio was a significant predictor for mortality. According to the median platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio values, the Kaplan-Meier survival curves were significantly different between the surviving and non-surviving groups.

title: Prognostic value of preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratios, and multiphasic renal tomography findings in histological subtypes of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['renal cell carcinoma']

answer: @entity1358 :: (MESH:D002292,Disease) :: ['renal cell carcinoma']


abstract: AIMS: @entity1892 ( @entity1892 ) is an @entity146 and potentially fatal disease. Prediction of risk of relapse is based on clinical markers. There is a need for more accurate biomarkers to select @entity1 for more @entity146 first-line treatments. Peroxiredoxins (Prxs) are a family of potent antioxidant proteins. Their prognostic role in @entity1892 is unknown. METHODS: Altogether, 103 diagnostic biopsy samples from @entity1 with @entity1892 were immunohistochemically stained for @entity20385 . RESULTS: Strong @entity10166 VI expression was associated with the presence of B-symptoms. There were no other significant associations with traditional risk factors. Five-year disease-specific survival was 68.6% in @entity1 with high cytoplasmic @entity10166 VI intensity vs 97.0% in those with low intensity. In multivariate analysis, high @entity10166 VI expression (HR 12.846, 95% CI 1.722 to 95.807, p=0.013) was an independent risk factor of @entity204 not related to International Prognostic Index score (HR 2.514, 95% CI 1.040 to 6.073, p=0.041). CONCLUSIONS: High intensity of cytoplasmic @entity10166 VI expression in pretreatment @entity1892 samples predicts worse outcome in @entity1 with @entity1892 . Whether @entity10166 VI is associated with chemoresistance, and therefore a poorer outcome, needs to be evaluated. If @entity10166 VI is a predictive marker and it proves causality, it would be crucial to study @entity10166 VI ability to become a target enzyme for treatment.

title: High intensity of cytoplasmic peroxiredoxin VI expression is associated with adverse outcome in diffuse large XXXX independently of International Prognostic Index.

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive']

entities_list: @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ['DLBCL', 'Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma-associated death']

answer: @entity1892 :: (MESH:D016393,Disease) :: ['B-cell lymphoma']


abstract: OBJECT: Although the @entity1184 shape of the zygapophysial joints in degenerative instability of the lumbar spine is well known, its underlying pathophysiological mechanism is unclear. The authors sought to provide evidence that there is increased fibrocartilaginous metaplasia in the posterior joint capsule resulting from greater mechanical loading; the authors suggest that these capsular changes are central to understanding the altered joint shape. METHODS: The LA-5 posterior articular complex was removed in 14 @entity1 undergoing fusion for degenerative instability. After @entity1042 -assisted fixation, cryosections were immunolabeled for a wide range of extracellular matrix molecules. These were collagens (Types I, II, III, V, and VI), glycosaminoglycans (chondroitin 4 and 6 @entity14024 ; dermatan- and keratan- @entity597 ), and proteoglycans (versican, tenascin, aggrecan, and its associated link protein). The grade of degeneration of the articular complexes was assessed radiologically and histologically. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study provide molecular evidence for an altered loading history on the joint capsule. The pronounced loss of intervertebral disc height that occurred in all @entity1 with severe degeneration of the lumbar motion segment promotes an increased range of axial rotation that places the posterior capsule under greater mechanical load. Compared with normal joints studied previously, the posterior capsules involved in these @entity179 were @entity1184 and fibrocartilaginous throughout. @entity4648 was especially pronounced at the attachment sites (entheses) where the fibrocartilage now extended beyond the original level of the joint space, and capped the osseous spurs arising from these attachment sites.

title: Immunohistochemical analysis of the extracellular matrix in the posterior capsule of the zygapophysial joints in XXXX with degenerative L4-5 motion segment instability.

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophied']

entities_list: @entity1042 :: ('MESH:D000432', 'Chemical') :: ['methanol']

entities_list: @entity4648 :: ('MESH:D008679', 'Disease') :: ['Cartilaginous metaplasia']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['degenerative joint complexes']

entities_list: @entity597 :: ('CHEBI:16189', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfate']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1561 ( @entity1561 ) is prevalent in @entity28 @entity1 . We sought to determine the effects of bariatric surgery on the histological features of @entity1561 . Two blinded pathologists graded liver biopsies done during bariatric procedures and subsequent operations in 160 @entity1 using the Brunt classification. Data are mean        SD. Interval between biopsies was 31        26  months. Initial biopsies demonstrated @entity1560 77  %, lobular @entity32 39  %, and chronic portal @entity32 56  %. @entity1560 was present in 27  %. Grade 2-3 @entity82 was present in 27  %, and @entity82 was present in one @entity1 . On post-bariatric biopsy, @entity1560 resolved in 75  %, lobular @entity32 resolved in 75  %, chronic portal @entity32 resolved in 49  %, and @entity1560 resolved in 90  %. Fibrosis of any grade resolved in 53  % and improved in another 3  % of @entity1 . Grade 2 @entity82 resolved in 58  %, improved in 3  %, and did not worsen in 11  %. Bridging @entity82 resolved in 29  %, improved in 29  %, and did not worsen in 29  %. Bariatric surgery is associated with resolution of @entity1560 or @entity1560 in the majority of @entity1 . More importantly, grade 2 or 3 (bridging) @entity82 is resolved or improved in 60  % of @entity1 . Bariatric surgery should be considered as a treatment of @entity1561 in severely @entity28 @entity1 .

title: Bariatric Surgery Improves Histological Features of XXXX and Liver Fibrosis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis', 'cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity1560 :: ('MESH:D005234', 'Disease') :: ['Steatohepatitis', 'steatohepatitis', 'steatosis']

entities_list: @entity1561 :: ('MESH:D065626', 'Disease') :: ['NAFLD', 'Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease']

answer: @entity1561 :: (MESH:D065626,Disease) :: ['Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Atrophy is recognized as a measure of destructive changes in @entity15 ( @entity15 ). The time course and pathologic mechanisms of @entity194 development are not well understood. Significant @entity194 was reported to occur within 9 to 12 months in relapsing remitting @entity15 . OBJECTIVES: To test whether @entity194 can be detected over short time intervals, and to evaluate its relationship to @entity32 . DESIGN AND METHODS: Prior to randomization to a treatment trial, 138 untreated @entity1 with relapsing remitting @entity15 had 3 magnetic resonance imaging scans within a mean +/- SD follow-up of 76 +/- 20.2 days. Brain parenchymal fraction (BPF), a normalized measure of whole brain volume, the proportion of active ( @entity2287 -enhancing) scans, and the volume of T1-weighted @entity2287 -enhancing and T2-weighted @entity75 were determined at all time points. An annualized @entity194 rate was estimated by calculating a regression slope. RESULTS: The median Expanded Disability Status Scale score was 3.5, the mean disease duration was 7.6, and the mean age was 38.5 years. The BPF decreased significantly by -0.229% from @entity22740 to scan 3, while the proportion of active scans remained high (65%, 63%, and 67%). The BPF change was only weakly correlated to the volume of T1-weighted @entity2287 -enhancing lesions in @entity22740 (r = -0.185). The estimated annualized @entity194 rate was -1.06% (95% confidence interval, -1.50% to -0.62%). CONCLUSIONS: The annualized @entity194 rate found in this study is comparable with rates reported previously. Measurements of BPF allow detection of @entity194 over short time intervals in active disease. The short-term relationship of @entity32 to @entity194 development was weak. Brain parenchymal fraction might be a promising measure in future phase 2 studies of agents, with an expected effect on tissue-destructive pathologic mechanisms of @entity15 .

title: Atrophy is detectable within a 3-month period in untreated XXXX with active relapsing remitting @entity15 .

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['hyperintense lesions']

entities_list: @entity2287 :: ('MESH:D005682', 'Chemical') :: ['gadolinium']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['MS', 'multiple sclerosis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy, refractive outcomes, and complications of @entity2790 (IOL) implantation in @entity735 after keratoplasty. METHODS: This is a retrospective review of @entity735 after implantation of a custom-designed, sulcus-fixated, @entity2790 to correct @entity2516 . The outcome measures included preoperative and postoperative uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), spectacle-corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), refractive correction, and complications. RESULTS: This study evaluated 10 eyes (10 @entity1 ) with previous penetrating or deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty with a mean follow-up period of 12.2    10.7 months (range, 2-33 months). All eyes showed improved UDVA postoperatively with 70% achieving >= 20/40. Median UDVA (logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution) improved from 1.2 (20/280, range 20/70-20/2000) preoperatively to 0.3 (20/40, range 20/20-20/60) postoperatively at the latest follow-up visit (P < 0.01). Five eyes (50%) had improvement in CDVA by at least 1 line of Snellen acuity with all eyes achieving >= 20/40 and 70% achieving >= 20/25. Median CDVA (logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution) was 0.2 (20/30, range 20/20-20/50) preoperatively compared with 0.1 (20/25, range 20/20-20/40) postoperatively (P = 0.03). In 8 eyes that received toric secondary IOLs, the mean refractive @entity940 decreased by 84% from 5.7 diopters (D) (range, 4-9 D) to 0.9 D (range, 0.2-3.0 D) (P = 0.01). Postoperative refractive @entity940 was   1 D of predicted @entity940 for 7 of 8 eyes. No eyes lost any lines of UDVA or CDVA, and there were no keratoplasty rejection/failure events. CONCLUSIONS: Implantation of a supplementary, sulcus-based IOL is an effective approach to reduce spherical and astigmatic @entity2516 in @entity735 after keratoplasty.

title: Supplementary, Sulcus-Fixated Intraocular Lens in the Treatment of Spherical and Astigmatic XXXX in Pseudophakic Eyes After Keratoplasty.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity940 :: ('MESH:D001251', 'Disease') :: ['astigmatism']

entities_list: @entity2516 :: ('MESH:D012030', 'Disease') :: ['refractive errors']

entities_list: @entity735 :: ('MESH:D005124', 'Disease') :: ['pseudophakic postkeratoplasty eyes', 'pseudophakic eyes']

entities_list: @entity2790 :: ('MESH:D009798', 'Disease') :: ['supplementary intraocular lens', 'supplementary "piggyback" IOL']

answer: @entity2516 :: (MESH:D012030,Disease) :: ['Refractive Errors']


abstract: AIM: To describe the clinical manifestations and radiological features contributing to the early diagnosis of radiation-induced @entity242 (RIS) after radiotherapy for @entity0 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective analysis included four typical cases of RIS diagnosed at Affiliated Hospital of Academy of Military Medical Sciences between 1980 and 2013. @entity1 and imaging characteristics, treatment modalities, and outcomes were extracted from @entity1 ' medical records. Two pathologists reviewed all histological slides. RESULTS: All four cases were misdiagnosed and treated for several months as cases of @entity0 relapse. CT using the bone-window setting and three-dimensional reconstructions clearly displayed @entity5 of RIS in three cases. Skin alterations were observed in all cases. At the time of RIS diagnosis, three @entity1 were free of @entity0 . In one @entity1 with @entity0 and lung @entity3 , chemotherapy resulted in complete remission of the @entity3 , but RIS progression. No RIS in this series responded to chemotherapy or endocrine therapy. CONCLUSIONS: Abnormalities appearing in the radiation field long after RT should alert clinicians to the potential development of RIS. Careful physical examination and follow-up imaging studies are necessary. The presence of skin alterations, @entity5 at CT or radiography, and poor response to anti- @entity5 drugs may contribute to the early detection of RIS. Biopsy should be performed immediately when RIS is suspected.

title: Clinical manifestations and radiological features may contribute to the early diagnosis of radiation-induced XXXX after @entity0 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['bilateral breast cancer', 'breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['bone tumours', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity242 :: (MESH:D012509,Disease) :: ['sarcoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 thoracic brown adipose tissue (BAT), composed of several subdivisions, is a well-known target organ of many clinical studies; however, the functional contribution of each part of @entity1 thoracic BAT remains unknown. The present study analyzed the significance of each part of @entity1 thoracic BAT in the association between regional distribution, cellularity, and factors involved in the functional regulation of thoracic BAT. METHODS: We analyzed 1550 healthy adults who underwent medical check-ups by positron-emission tomography and computed tomography (PET-CT) imaging, 8 cadavers, and 78 autopsy cases in an observational study. We first characterized the difference between the mediastinum and the supraclavicular areas using counts of BAT detection and conditions based on PET-CT outcomes. The measurable important area was then subjected to systematic anatomical and immunohistochemical analyses using @entity1629 ( @entity1629 ) antibody to characterize the cellularity in association with age and sex. RESULTS: In PET-CT scanning, the main site of thoracic BAT was the mediastinum rather than the supraclavicular area (P < 0.05). Systemic macroanatomy revealed that the thumb-sized BAT in the posterior mediastinal descending para-aortic area (paBAT) had feeding vessels from the posterior intercostal arteries and veins and sympathetic/parasympathetic innervation from trunks of the sympathetic and vagus nerves, respectively. Immunohistochemical analysis indicated that the paBAT exhibited immunoreactivity for @entity4149 hydroxylase and vesicular @entity934 transporter located in the pericellular nervous fibers and intracellular @entity1629 . The brown adipose cells of paBAT showed age-dependent decreases in @entity1629 expression (P < 0.05), accompanied by a significant increase in vacuole formation, indicating fat accumulation (P < 0.05), from 10 to 37 years of age (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: paBAT may be one of the essential sites for clinical application in BAT study because of its visible anatomy with feeding vessels and sympathetic/parasympathetic innervation functionally affected by outer condition and senescence.

title: A clinical approach to brown adipose tissue in the para-aortic area of the XXXX thorax.

entities_list: @entity1629 :: ('7350', 'Gene') :: ['anti-uncoupling protein 1', 'UCP1']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: In selected @entity1 with @entity3146 ( @entity3146 ), outpatient ablative procedures represent a readily accepted and highly effective treatment modality. The recently introduced loop electrosurgical excision procedure offers a quick and simple alternative to cryotherapy and laser ablation for treating @entity3146 , and has the distinct advantage of allowing both diagnosis and treatment of selected @entity1 at a single visit. This report presents our clinical experience treating 432 @entity1 with @entity3146 using the loop electrosurgical excision procedure on an outpatient basis. Small loop electrodes were used to excise @entity3146 in 275 @entity1 , and large loop electrodes were used in 157. When performed on an outpatient basis under local anesthesia, loop excision was well tolerated by @entity1 with only minimal discomfort. Post-treatment bleeding occurred in less than 2% of the subjects and responded to either recauterization or packing of the cervix. Post-treatment @entity850 occurred in less than 1%. The success rate of the loop electrosurgical excision procedure, as defined by absence of cytologic, histologic, or colposcopic lesions 4-48 months after therapy, was 80% for @entity1 treated using the small loop electrodes. Ninety percent of all @entity1 treated using the large loop electrodes were free of disease during 6-12 months of follow-up. For @entity1 being treated for primary (as opposed to recurrent) disease, the success rate with large loop electrodes was 94%.

title: Treatment of XXXX using the loop electrosurgical excision procedure.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

entities_list: @entity3146 :: ('MESH:D018290', 'Disease') :: ['CIN lesions', 'cervical intraepithelial neoplasia', 'CIN']

answer: @entity3146 :: (MESH:D018290,Disease) :: ['cervical intraepithelial neoplasia']


abstract: Apoptosis is a genetically regulated biological process that plays a major role in chemotherapy-induced @entity5 cell killing. It may be triggered by two major intracellular signaling cascades, the mitochondrial pathway and the death receptor pathway, both leading to caspase activation and cleavage of specific cellular substrates. The @entity876 gene is involved in the regulation of apoptosis. Caspase activation following wild-type @entity876 induction is associated with the release of the apoptogenic factors @entity4674 and @entity17205 / @entity17205 from the mitochondria, that is in turn controlled by the pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins. In @entity43 @entity876 status is a strong predictor of response to @entity902 -based chemotherapy. @entity1 whose @entity5 have @entity876 mutations experience a lower chance of achieving a complete response following @entity902 -based regimens when compared to @entity1 without @entity876 mutations. Conversely, experimental and clinical data seem to show that @entity1311 enhances apoptosis through a @entity876 -independent pathway, that probably involves the @entity589 gene. Whereas @entity1 with wild-type @entity876 @entity5 have a good chance to respond to @entity902 , @entity1 with mutant @entity876 @entity5 may have a clinical benefit from the addition of @entity1311 to @entity902 -based chemotherapy. Therefore determining @entity876 status can be useful in predicting therapeutic response to specific drugs. Moreover the understanding of cellular mechanisms regulating apoptosis might offer a strong rationale for the combination of chemotherapy with other biological treatments.

title: Molecular mechanisms of apoptosis and chemosensitivity to @entity902 and @entity1311 in XXXX : biological data and clinical implications.

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['platinum']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['ovarian cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Siberian @entity9052 ( @entity27517 ) is used primarily as an adaptogen herb and also for its immune stimulant properties in Western herbal medicine. Another closely related species used in East Asian medicine systems i.e. Kampo, TCM (Manchuria, Korea, Japan and Ainu of Hokkaido) and also called Siberian @entity9052 ( @entity27517 ) also displays immune-stimulant and anti- @entity5 properties. These may affect @entity5 growth and also provide an anti-fatigue effect for @entity5 @entity1 , in particular for those suffering from @entity2 . There is some evidence that a @entity1735 in Siberian @entity9052 may possess not only immune stimulatory but also anti- @entity5 effects and also display other various anti- @entity5 properties. Our study aimed to determine the inhibitory and also proliferative effects of a @entity1042 plant extract of Siberan @entity9052 ( @entity27517 ) on various @entity5 and normal cell lines including: A-549 ( @entity151 ), XWLC-05 ( @entity2 cell line), CNE ( @entity1 @entity189 cell line), HCT-116 ( @entity1 @entity694 ) and Beas-2b ( @entity1 lung epithelial). These cell lines were treated with an extract from @entity27517 that was evaporated and re- constituted in @entity3733 . Treatment of A-549 ( @entity151 ) cells with @entity27517 methanolic extract showed a concentration-dependent inhibitory trend from 12.5 - 50 g/mL, and then a plateau, whereas at 12.5 and 25  g/mL, there is a slight growth suppression in QBC-939 cells, but then a steady suppression from 50, 100 and 200 g/mL. Further, in XWLC-05 ( @entity2 cell line), @entity27517 methanolic extract displayed an inhibitory effect which plateaued with increasing dosage. Next, in CNE ( @entity1 @entity189 cell line) there was a dose dependent proliferative response, whereas in Beas-2 ( @entity1 lung epithelial cell line), an inhibitory effect. Finally in @entity694 cell line (HCT-116) we observed an initially weak inhibitory effect and then plateau.

title: Proliferative and Inhibitory Activity of Siberian XXXX ( @entity27517 ) Extract on Cancer Cell Lines; A-549, XWLC-05, HCT-116, CNE and Beas-2b.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity1042 :: ('MESH:D000432', 'Chemical') :: ['methanol']

entities_list: @entity27517 :: ('82096', 'Species') :: ['E. senticosus', 'Eleutherococcus senticosus', 'Acanthopanax senticosus']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer', 'Yunnan lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['nasopharyngeal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity151 :: ('MESH:D055752', 'Disease') :: ['small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon cancer']

answer: @entity9052 :: (4054,Species) :: ['ginseng']


abstract: The amygdala has been described as a structure affected by @entity1315 ( @entity1315 ). Indeed, it is suggested that @entity854 are related to the co-morbid @entity308 and @entity148 reported in @entity1315 . In this context, we investigated the relation between functional connectivity (FC) emerging from this structure in fMRI and @entity308 and @entity148 levels reported in @entity1315 @entity1 . We focused on resting-state BOLD activity and evaluated whether FC differences emerge from each of three amygdala subdivisions (laterobasal, centromedial and superficial) in left and right @entity1315 groups, compared with healthy controls. Results revealed significant differences between @entity1 groups and controls. Specifically, the left @entity1315 group showed abnormal FC for the left-sided seeds only. Furthermore, regardless of the seed, we observed more reliable differences between the right @entity1315 group and controls. Further analysis of these results revealed correlations between these impaired connectivities and @entity146 symptoms in both @entity1315 groups. Opposite relations, however, were highlighted: the more @entity308 or anxious the right @entity1315 @entity1 , the closer their FC values approached controls; whereas the less anxious the left @entity1315 @entity1 , the closer their FC values were normative. These results highlight how @entity1315 alter FC emerging from the limbic system. Overall, our data demonstrate that right TLE has a more maladaptive impact on emotion-related networks, in ways specific to the amygdala region, and the emotion symptom involved, than left TLE.

title: Functional connectivity abnormalities vary by amygdala subdivision and are associated with XXXX symptoms in unilateral temporal epilepsy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressed', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['amygdala abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity1315 :: ('MESH:D004833', 'Disease') :: ['MTLE', 'mesial temporal lobe epilepsy']

answer: @entity146 :: (MESH:D001523,Disease) :: ['psychiatric']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity1 with genuine stress urinary @entity322 (GSI) refractory to conservative measures often undergo a colposuspension when the reason for urine leakage is @entity1494 . @entity1 who suffer from an insufficiency of the intramural sphincter are instead often suitable for pubovaginal sling procedures, implantation of an artificial sphincter or peri/intraurethral injection of some expansion substance. Here, we present our experience of periurethral injection of @entity1346 microimplants (Macroplastique). METHOD: We studied 8 @entity1 and 22 @entity1 with urodynamically stable detrusor, and validated GSI on a standardized quantification test. Under direct endoscopic control Macroplastique was injected. Follow-up was performed by a questionnaire and a new standardized quantification test. RESULTS: Nineteen of the 22 @entity1 with follow-up in excess of 2 years reported a considerable amelioration and their subjective impressions were also validated by the postoperative standardized quantification test (preoperative 147 g, postoperative 9 g; p < 0.001). No side effects were reported except for mild @entity3833 for practically all the @entity1 , in all cases transient. A few @entity1 also reported a short initial sensation of @entity1494 . CONCLUSION: Considering the difficulty in treating @entity1887 , particularly iatrogenic, the results in this study appear to justify the attempt of injection therapy. It may very well be performed as an outpatient procedure and, moreover, side effects are rare. If @entity1346 microimplants are used there is no obstacle to proceed with artificial sphincter implantation, should the @entity1 's symptoms remain unaffected by the injection procedure.

title: The treatment of sphincter @entity322 with periurethral XXXX implants (macroplastique).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['incontinence']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['incomplete bladder emptying', 'hypermobility of the bladder neck']

entities_list: @entity1887 :: ('MESH:D000309', 'Disease') :: ['sphincter insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity1346 :: ('MESH:D012828', 'Chemical') :: ['silicone']

answer: @entity1346 :: (MESH:D012828,Chemical) :: ['silicone']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the epidemiology of @entity226 ( @entity226 ), we examined whether differences in clinical and laboratory features exist in @entity1 with biopsy-proven @entity226 from Northwest Spain according to sex, place of residence, and age at disease onset. METHODS: Retrospective study of biopsy-proven @entity226 diagnosed from January 1, 1981, to December 31, 2001, at the single hospital for a well defined population of 250,000. A comparative analysis was conducted of clinical and laboratory features according to sex, place of residence (rural or urban), and age at the onset of symptoms (< 70 yrs; >or= 70 yrs). RESULTS: Between 1981 and 2001, 210 @entity1 from the Lugo region were diagnosed with biopsy-proven @entity226 . In urban areas @entity226 was significantly more common in @entity1 (rate ratio 1.58, 95% CI 1.00-2.53, p = 0.05). @entity1 presented manifestations of @entity2760 ( @entity2760 ) more commonly than @entity1 . However, no statistically significant difference in the frequency of visual manifestations or permanent @entity227 were observed between the sexes. @entity226 was slightly more common in rural than in urban areas (annual adjusted incidence rate in rural areas 10.4/100,000 in @entity1 age >or= 50 years vs 9.1/100,000 in urban areas; p = 0.34). @entity226 was more common among @entity1 in rural areas (rate ratio 1.73, 95% CI 1.10-2.70, p = 0.02). @entity1 younger than 70 years at the time of diagnosis (20%) had a trend to a longer delay to diagnosis and a marginal increase in the frequency of @entity2760 compared with those with disease onset at age >or= 70 years. A higher inflammatory response was observed in the @entity1 younger than 70 years. CONCLUSION: In @entity1 with biopsy-proven @entity226 from Northwest Spain @entity2760 manifestations are more commonly observed in @entity1 . The higher inflammatory response and the longer delay to diagnosis in younger @entity1 call for a higher physician awareness of this @entity1333 among individuals younger than 70 years.

title: Influence of age, sex, and place of residence on clinical expression of XXXX in northwest Spain.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'Women', 'people']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual loss']

entities_list: @entity1333 :: ('MESH:D014657', 'Disease') :: ['vasculitis']

entities_list: @entity226 :: ('MESH:D013700', 'Disease') :: ['giant cell arteritis', 'GCA']

entities_list: @entity2760 :: ('MESH:D011111', 'Disease') :: ['polymyalgia rheumatica', 'PMR']

answer: @entity226 :: (MESH:D013700,Disease) :: ['giant cell arteritis']


abstract: 1. The @entity2388 kinases of the desert locust fat body and flight muscle were partially purified by @entity4859 fractionation. 2. The fat-body enzyme is allosterically activated by very low (1mum) concentrations of @entity4567 , whereas the flight-muscle enzyme is unaffected by this metabolite at physiological pH. 3. Flight-muscle @entity2388 kinase is activated by preincubation at 25 degrees for 5min., whereas the fat-body enzyme is unaffected by such treatment. 4. Both enzymes require 1-2mm- @entity857 for maximal activity and are inhibited at higher concentrations. With the fat-body enzyme inhibition by @entity857 is prevented by the presence of @entity4567 . 5. Both enzymes are inhibited by @entity855 , half-maximal inhibition occurring at about 5mm- @entity855 . With the fat-body enzyme @entity855 inhibition can be reversed by @entity4567 . 6. The fat-body enzyme exhibits maximal activity at about pH7.2 and the activity decreases rapidly above this pH. This inactivation at high pH is not observed in the presence of @entity4567 , i.e. maximum stimulating effects of @entity4567 are observed at high pH. The flight-muscle enzyme exhibits two optima, one at about pH7.2 as with the fat-body enzyme and the other at about pH8.5. Stimulation of the enzyme activity by @entity4567 was observed at pH8.5 and above.

title: A comparison of the properties of the XXXX kinases of the fat body and flight muscle of the adult male desert locust.

entities_list: @entity4859 :: ('CHEBI:62946', 'Chemical') :: ['ammonium sulphate']

entities_list: @entity4567 :: ('MESH:C029063', 'Chemical') :: ['fructose 1,6-diphosphate']

entities_list: @entity2388 :: ('MESH:D019289', 'Chemical') :: ['pyruvate']

answer: @entity2388 :: (MESH:D019289,Chemical) :: ['pyruvate']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Little is known about sick leave and the ability to return to work (RTW) for @entity1 with @entity712 ( @entity712 ). Previous research findings raise questions about the significance of encounters with @entity6100 ( @entity6100 ) and sociodemographics in @entity1 sick-listed due to @entity712 . AIMS: To investigate how @entity1 on sick leave due to @entity712 experience encounters with @entity6100 and associations between sociodemographic factors, experiences of positive/negative encounters with @entity6100 , and self-estimated ability to RTW. METHODS: This was a population-based study with a cross-sectional design. The sample consisted of 590 sick-listed @entity1 with @entity712 in Sweden. A register-based investigation supplemented with a postal survey questionnaire was conducted. Bivariate correlations and logistic regression analysis was used to test associations between sociodemographic factors, positive and negative encounters, and self-estimated ability to RTW. RESULTS: @entity1 with low income were more likely to @entity1538 . A majority of the responders experienced encounters with @entity6100 as positive. Being married was significantly associated with positive encounters. Having a low income was related to negative encounters. More than a third of the responders agreed that positive encounters with @entity6100 facilitated self-estimated ability to RTW. High income was strongly associated with the impact of positive encounters on self-estimated ability to RTW. CONCLUSION: Encounters between @entity6100 and @entity1 on sick leave due to @entity712 need to be characterized by a @entity1 -centred approach including confidence and trust. @entity1 with low income need special attention.

title: Being on sick leave due to @entity712 : Encounters with XXXX and associations with sociodemographic factors and self-estimated ability to return to work.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['person', 'people', 'People']

entities_list: @entity6100 :: ('OMIM:300082', 'Disease') :: ['SIOs', 'social insurance officers']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['HF', 'heart failure']

entities_list: @entity1538 :: ('MESH:D005902', 'Disease') :: ['receive sickness compensation']

answer: @entity6100 :: (OMIM:300082,Disease) :: ['social insurance officers']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 80 Background: Breaking news in @entity0 ( @entity0 ) pts often has to be supported by psychological help. It remains unclear which and how many @entity0 pts need supportive psycho-oncological care, since pts may react in different ways. Some pts show high risk profiles for anxious reactions or @entity308 after breaking bad news and should be detected for interventions. Need for pychological intervention was screened with a simple 14-point item test (HADS). A scoring of <15 points was assumed to be at low risk for anxiousness and @entity308 , a scoring of 15-21 points was considered medium risk while a score of >21 was assumed to describe high-risk pts. Pts considered to be at low risk, did not receive further intervention. Pts detected to be at medium or high risk received further psychological intervention. The aim was to evaluate efficacy of psychological support in pts with newly diagnosed @entity0 or relapse of @entity5 >1 yr after a curative approach. METHODS: Psycho-oncological screenings and interventions were analyzed in a tertiary @entity5 within a two-year period. RESULTS: Out of a total of 611 @entity5 pts, 202 pts had @entity0 . 63 pts had a newly diagnosis of @entity5 or a relapse of >1 year since primary diagnosis or therapy and signed informed consent. Pts assumed to be at low risk had a mean score of 6,97 (SD 3.71) prior and 7,03 (SD4.97) after the end of @entity5 therapy. In this group of low risk pts there was no further psychological intervention. In pts detected with a medium risk (15-21) mean HADS score prior therapy was 16.63 (SD 1.38) and fell down during @entity5 treatment and supportive psychotherapeutically intervention to 13.58 post therapy (SD 6.16). Pts with the highest risk at diagnosis had a mean of 28.25 (SD 4.41) and decreased to a mean HADS of 16.83 (SD 4.84) at the end of @entity5 therapy while being under supportive psychotherapeutically care. Mean number of psychotherapeutic sessions was 3.86/ @entity1 with a mean duration of intervention time of 1.38 h. CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 pts with a HADS <15 should not be considered to be candidates for routine psychotherapeutically supportive care. Pts being at high-risk gained most benefit. A simplified scoring system for anxiousness and @entity308 is recommended to detect pts with a need for further therapeutic treatment.

title: Psycho-oncological screening in XXXX with newly diagnosed or relapsing @entity0 .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression', 'depressions']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer', 'BC']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Introduction: In a recent study, we confirmed good chemical and physical compatibility of microencapsulated pancreatic b-cells using a novel formulation of low viscosity @entity14917 (LVSA), @entity539 (PLO), and the tertiary @entity6741 , @entity10055 (UDCA). This study aimed to investigate the effect of UDCA on the morphology, @entity4 , stability, and size of these new microcapsules. It also aimed to evaluate cell viability in the microcapsules following UDCA addition. Materials and methods: Microencapsulation was carried out using a B  chi-based system. Two (LVSA-PLO, control and LVSA-PLO-UDCA, test) pancreatic b-cells microcapsules were prepared at a constant ratio of 10:1:3, respectively. The microcapsules' morphology, cell viability, @entity4 characteristics, stability, mechanical strength, Zeta potential, and size analysis were examined. The cell contents in each microcapsule and the microencapsulation efficiency were also examined. Results: The addition of UDCA did not affect the microcapsules' morphology, stability, size, or the microencapsulation efficiency. However, UDCA enhanced cell viability in the microcapsules 24 h after microencapsulation (p < 0.01), reduced @entity4 (p < 0.05), reduced Zeta potential (- 73    2 to - 54    2 mV, p < 0.01), and increased mechanical strength of the microcapsules (p < 0.05) at the end of the 24-h experimental period. Discussion and conclusion: UDCA increased b-cell viability in the microcapsules without affecting the microcapsules' size, morphology, or stability. It also increased the microcapsules' resistance to @entity4 and optimized their mechanical strength. Our findings suggest potential benefits of the @entity6741 UDCA in b-cell microencapsulation.

title: Characterization of a novel XXXX -based delivery platform for microencapsulated pancreatic b-cells.

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['swelling']

entities_list: @entity14917 :: ('MESH:C008970', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium alginate']

entities_list: @entity6741 :: ('CHEBI:3098', 'Chemical') :: ['bile acid']

entities_list: @entity539 :: ('MESH:C008973', 'Chemical') :: ['Poly-L-Ornithine']

entities_list: @entity10055 :: ('MESH:D014580', 'Chemical') :: ['ursodeoxycholic acid']

answer: @entity6741 :: (CHEBI:3098,Chemical) :: ['bile acid']