abstract: Most @entity1 cells express two TNF and lymphotoxin (LT) membrane receptors ( @entity10736 ), of 55 and 75 kDa. The regulatory effect of these two receptors on intercellular adhesion molecules ( @entity2071 ) expression was examined in various @entity1 cell lines in vitro, including @entity1 lymphokine-activated killer T cells (T-LAK) cells and HL-60 cells. Rabbit antihuman @entity10736 antisera specific for each receptor were employed as probes to selectively stimulate 55- and 75-kDa TNF/LT membrane receptor production. These antisera compete with TNF/LT binding to each specific cell membrane receptor and have been found to bind to specific membrane receptors on various @entity1 cell lines in vitro. In the present study, we demonstrated biologic activity for anti-55-kDa @entity10736 antiserum. For example, antibodies that bind to the 55-kDa @entity10736 caused cytolysis of HeLa and @entity1 @entity1 @entity5 cells and induced proliferation of MRC-5 @entity1 fibroblasts. In contrast, however, anti-75-kDa @entity10736 antiserum demonstrated no bioactivity in these assays. In addition, no synergy or costimulation was observed when a combination of both anti-55- and anti-75-kDa @entity10736 antisera were tested in these assay systems. Anti-55-kDa @entity10736 antiserum up-regulated @entity2071 expression on @entity1 HL-60, T-LAK, and THP-1 cells, whereas anti-75-kDa @entity10736 antiserum had no effect. Unexpectedly, however, @entity2071 expression was greatly enhanced by the addition of anti-75-kDa @entity10736 to the anti-55-kDa @entity10736 containing culture. This enhancing effect was also observed with @entity1 T-LAK cells and THP-1 monocytic @entity1778 cell, in vitro.

title: Role of 55- and 75-kDa @entity5 necrosis factor membrane receptors in the regulation of intercellular adhesion molecules-1 expression by HL-60 XXXX promyelocytic leukemia cells in vitro.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cervical cancer']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To know the incidence, risk factors, complication and prognosis of the serious @entity715 of the basilar artery. METHODS: All @entity1 diagnosed as having basilar @entity715 during a 10 year period (1/1/1989 to 31/12/1998) and having been connected to mechanical ventilation in our hospital are retrospectively revised. The following data are analysed: gender, age, risk factors, cause of intubation, days of stay at the intensive care unit and at the hospital, the prognosis at 3 and 6 months and the causes of decease. RESULTS: 62.5% of the 24 found cases were males. The average age among the survivors and the decreased was similar (60.1 +/- 16 and 62 +/- 15.8 years). The most common risk factors were high blood-pressure, @entity955 , @entity6 and smoking. The average stay at the intensive care unit was 11.2 +/- 14.8 days and 31.9 +/- 58.6 days at the hospital. The cause of intubation were: @entity772 , airway protection, @entity1167 , general @entity410 crisis and @entity1729 . Mortality reached 75% and was caused by progression of @entity772 . Only 16% of them recovered satisfactorily. CONCLUSIONS: The @entity1 admitted to hospital in @entity772 , in revived @entity1167 and those presenting general @entity410 crisis or @entity55 have a higher mortality. Special attention must be drawn towards the appearance of @entity1276 and infections due to the importance of an early treatment. In @entity1 with a progressive damage of the consciousness level, the airway protection might improve the prognosis.

title: [ XXXX of the basilar artery and mechanical ventilation].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['convulsive']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['hydrocephalus']

entities_list: @entity772 :: ('MESH:D003128', 'Disease') :: ['coma', 'coma or infections']

entities_list: @entity1729 :: ('MESH:D012141', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory infection']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiorespiratory arrest']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

answer: @entity715 :: (MESH:D013927,Disease) :: ['Thrombosis']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Infection associated with prosthesis used after @entity5 resection is a common and serious complication. The purpose of the current retrospective study was to describe the course of @entity281 in @entity1 with a @entity5 endoprosthesis and the determination of risk factors associated with failed limb salvage. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 30 @entity1 with an @entity281 associated with a @entity5 endoprosthesis were investigated with regard to treatment strategies, number and type of revision operations, duration of hospital stay, determination of risk factors associated with failed limb salvage and final outcome. RESULTS: Limb salvage related to the complication @entity281 was achieved in 19 @entity1 (63.3%). Two-stage reimplantation of an endoprosthesis was successful in 14 @entity1 but subsequently failed in one @entity1 . Out of 11 @entity1 where limb salvage failed, an amputation was performed in 6 @entity1 , a rotationplasty in 4, and stump lengthening procedure in 1 @entity1 . A poor soft tissue condition was a significant (P<0.05) risk factor for failed limb salvage. No @entity1 receiving chemotherapy with a poor soft tissue condition had limb salvage surgery. The mean number of revision operations per @entity1 was 2.6. The mean duration of hospital stay was 68 days. CONCLUSION: Infection associated with prosthesis is a serious complication and is involved with long hospitalization. Limb salvage failed mostly in the case of a poor soft tissue condition. In these cases repeated revision surgery should be avoided and ablative surgery recommended at an early stage. Rotationplasty is an alternative to amputation in the case of an @entity281 of the proximal or distal part of the femur.

title: Characteristics and outcome of @entity281 associated with XXXX endoprostheses.

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'patients']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumor']


abstract: 1. Single @entity934 ( @entity1617 ) receptor channel currents were analysed in @entity1238 myocyte culture. Channel events activated by @entity1617 were recorded using the cell-attached patch clamp technique at low temperatures (11.2-15.8 degrees C) and at 100 mV hyperpolarization over the average resting membrane potential of -75 mV. There were two types of channels, low- and high-conductance channels, as reported previously, with unitary current amplitudes 4.7 +/- 0.4 pA (mean +/- S.D., n = 17) and 6.6 +/- 1.2 pA (n = 14), respectively. 2. At low concentrations of @entity1617 many brief openings (less than 1 ms in duration) were observed. Almost all of them occurred in isolation. The mean open time, which was not dependent on @entity1617 concentration, was 63.1 +/- 18.1 microseconds (n = 15) for the low-conductance channel and 80.3 +/- 18.7 microseconds (n = 2) for the high-conductance channel. 3. Brief openings were frequently observed at 20 nM- @entity1617 , at which concentration the frequency of longer openings (longer than 1 ms) was rare. The frequency of brief openings reached maximum at 50 nM- @entity1617 and declined at high concentrations. The occurrence ratio between the long and brief openings increased linearly with @entity1617 concentration. This finding suggests strongly that the brief openings are due to singly liganded receptor channels, since the long openings are most likely due to doubly liganded receptor channels. 4. A burst of openings was defined as a group of openings separated by brief closures (gaps) lasting less than 1 ms. The main component in the closed time histogram had a time constant of 25.0 +/- 5.1 microseconds (n = 16) for the low-conductance channel and 32.0 +/- 10.2 microseconds (n = 10) for the high-conductance channel. These values were not dependent on @entity1617 concentration. The number of gaps per burst was 2.22 +/- 0.69 (n = 16) for the low-conductance channel and 0.85 +/- 0.23 (n = 9) for the high-conductance channel. The former is significantly greater than the latter. 5. During the recording from a single patch, the frequency of low-conductance channel events declined with time at all @entity1617 concentrations, and the rate of decline was slower in the high-conductance channel in the same patch. The rate of decline was dependent linearly on the @entity1617 concentration. It is most likely that this decline is due to desensitization of the receptors.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: @entity934 receptor channels in XXXX myocyte culture; brief openings, brief closures and slow desensitization.

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity1238 :: (8355,Species) :: ['Xenopus']


abstract: Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) has been associated with an antileukemic effect, the @entity2132 ( @entity2132 ) reactivity. Since T-cell depletion of the bone marrow graft performed to reduce the incidence and severity of @entity2132 ( @entity2132 ) after BMT has been associated with an increase risk of relapse, the @entity2132 reactivity has been attributed to the T lymphocytes from the graft. Previously, we demonstrated that @entity1778 -reactive cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) lines and clones could be generated from the peripheral blood of HLA-genotypically identical siblings of @entity1 with @entity1778 by stimulation of the donor cells with irradiated leukemic cells from the @entity1 . HLA class I as well as class II restricted CTL clones could be generated that recognized the leukemic cells. Some clones recognized the leukemic cells from the @entity1 , but not the @entity1199 -stimulated lymphocytes from the same individual. To explore the possibility of clinically using donor-derived CTL lines directed against the leukemic cells from @entity1 who relapsed after allogeneic BMT, a pilot study was performed using eight donor-recipient combinations. In seven of eight combinations donor-derived CTL lines could be generated that showed specific lysis of the leukemic cells from the @entity1 . In five of these cases, the CTL lines showed reactivity with the leukemic cells, but not with the @entity1199 -stimulated lymphocytes from the same individual. In two cases, the CTL lines were cytotoxic for the @entity1199 -stimulated lymphoblasts as well as the leukemic cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Generation of donor-derived antileukemic cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses for treatment of XXXX after allogeneic HLA-identical bone marrow transplantation.

entities_list: @entity2132 :: ('MESH:D006086', 'Disease') :: ['GVHD', 'GVL', 'graft-versus-host disease', 'graft-versus-leukemia']

answer: @entity1778 :: (MESH:D007938,Disease) :: ['relapsed leukemia']


abstract: 1. The location of purinoceptors in the pancreatic duct and their role in regulating ductal secretion have been investigated by applying @entity855 and @entity856 to basolateral and luminal surfaces of pancreatic ducts isolated from the @entity840 pancreas. 2. Changes in intracellular @entity141 concentration were measured by microfluorometry in microperfused interlobular duct segments. Fluid and HCO3- secretion were estimated by monitoring luminal pH and luminal volume in sealed duct segments microinjected with BCECF-dextran. 3. Both @entity855 and @entity856 (1 microM) caused biphasic increases in intracellular @entity141 concentration in pancreatic duct cells when applied to either the basolateral or luminal membrane. 4. Luminal application of both @entity855 and @entity856 evoked fluid and HCO3- secretion. The maximum response to 1 microM @entity855 or @entity856 was about 75 % of that evoked by secretin. By contrast, basolateral application of @entity855 or @entity856 inhibited spontaneous secretion by 52 % and 73 %, respectively, and secretin-evoked secretion by 41 % and 38 %, respectively. 5. The data suggest that luminal @entity2036 may act in an autocrine or paracrine fashion to enhance ductal secretion while basolateral @entity2036 , perhaps released from nerve terminals, may have an inhibitory effect. The fact that both apical and basolateral purinoceptors elevate intracellular @entity141 , but that they have opposite effects on secretion, suggests that additional signalling pathways are involved.

title: Luminal @entity855 stimulates fluid and HCO3- secretion in XXXX pancreatic duct.

entities_list: @entity2036 :: ('MESH:D009711', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotides']

answer: @entity840 :: (10141,Species) :: ['guinea-pig']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Primary @entity957 ( @entity957 ) of the vagina is a rare malignancy with limited data to guide treatment. We evaluated prognostic factors and outcomes for @entity1 with primary vaginal @entity957 treated with definitive radiation therapy at a single institution. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on @entity1 treated for primary vaginal @entity957 from 1959 to 2011. RESULTS: Ninety-one @entity1 with primary vaginal @entity957 were treated with definitive radiation therapy. Thirty-eight @entity1 had FIGO stage I, 28 stage II, 13 stage III, and 12 stage IV disease. The mean total dose was 70.1 Gy. Two-year @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ), locoregional control rate (LRC), and distant metastasis-free survival by stage were, respectively: stage I: 96.2%, 80.6%, 87.5%; stage II: 92.3%, 64.7%, 84.6%; stage III: 66.6%, 44.4%, 50.0%; and stage IV: 25.0%, 14.3%, 25.0%. Treatment with total dose over 70 Gy was associated with improved @entity1349 (p=0.0956) and LRC (p=0.055). There was a significant difference in median dose received by @entity1 who developed grade 3/4 @entity137 compared to those who did not (82.9 Gy versus 70.0 Gy, p=0.0019). None of the 10 @entity1 treated with IMRT experienced locoregional recurrence or grade 3/4 @entity137 . @entity5 size larger than 4 cm was associated with worse @entity1349 (p=0.0034) and LRC (p=0.006). CONCLUSIONS: Our analysis suggests that the optimal dose for definitive treatment of @entity957 of the vagina lies between 70 and 80 Gy. Treatment with IMRT may allow for dose escalation with reduced @entity137 and excellent LRC. @entity5 size over 4 cm is associated with inferior outcomes and may require additional treatment modalities.

title: XXXX : prognostic factors, treatment patterns, and outcomes.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma', 'SCCA']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity957 :: (MESH:D002294,Disease) :: ['Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the vagina']


abstract: @entity8558 (PA) is known to be a crucial phospholipid intermediate in cell membrane biosynthesis. In @entity526 , this molecule is produced from @entity4990 ( @entity4991 ) by @entity4991 acyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.51), encoded by plsC. @entity526 possesses only one such @entity4991 acyltransferase and a plsC mutant is non-permissive for growth at elevated temperatures. This study describes the identification and characterization of two genes from @entity19940 that encode enzymes with @entity4991 acyltransferase activity. One of the genes, hdtS, was previously described, whereas patB is a novel gene. In addition, a putative lyso- @entity7222 lipid acyltransferase was also identified. All three proteins possess conserved acyltransferase domains and are homologous to PlsC and to @entity4991 acyltransferases identified in @entity3631 . Functional analysis determined that both HdtS and PatB are functional @entity4991 acyltransferases, as both complemented an @entity526 plsC mutant. Mutants lacking each of the putative acyltransferases were constructed and analysed. Growth defects were observed for hdtS and patB single mutants, and a double hdtSpatB mutant could not be constructed. To determine precise roles in phospholipid synthesis, @entity15006 analysis was carried out. The hdtS mutant displayed a profile consistent with a defect in @entity4991 acyltransferase activity, whereas no such phenotype was observed in the patB mutant, indicating that hdtS encodes the primary @entity4991 acyltransferase in the cell. The presence of at least two genes specifying @entity4991 acyltransferase activity may have implications for the function and survival of @entity11763 in diverse environments.

title: Identification of two XXXX acyltransferase genes with overlapping function in @entity11763 .

entities_list: @entity4990 :: ('MESH:C032881', 'Chemical') :: ['lysophosphatidic acid']

entities_list: @entity11763 :: ('294', 'Species') :: ['P. fluorescens']

entities_list: @entity8558 :: ('MESH:D010712', 'Chemical') :: ['Phosphatidic acid']

entities_list: @entity7222 :: ('CHEBI:18257', 'Chemical') :: ['ornithine']

entities_list: @entity19940 :: ('1114970', 'Species') :: ['Pseudomonas fluorescens F113']

entities_list: @entity3631 :: ('487', 'Species') :: ['Neisseria meningitidis']

entities_list: @entity15006 :: ('CHEBI:4986', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acid methyl ester']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli', 'E. coli']

answer: @entity4990 :: (MESH:C032881,Chemical) :: ['lysophosphatidic acid']


abstract: In one-kidney @entity35 the resting blood @entity8 was recorded for 10 minutes then the artery was clipped for one hour and the following reperfusion blood flow was registered again for 10 minutes. The animals were divided into three groups: Series A, untreated control animals. Series B, two weeks before @entity8 the @entity35 were fed a diet containing 0.1% of BM-14.190, a derivate of @entity1405 . Series C the @entity35 received a diet with 0.1% of @entity1405 . The resting renal blood flow was 4.58 +/- 0.13 ml/min (x +/- S.E.M.) in series A whereas 6.36 +/- 0.41 ml/min. in series B and 5.87 +/- 0.59 ml/min. in series C (p < 0.01), also the reperfusion blood flow in series B and C was significantly higher (p < 0.01) i.e. 3.65 +/- 0.25 ml/min. and 3.08 +/- 0.33 ml/min. respectively than in series A, 1.08 +/- 0.13 ml/min. The @entity63 and the ensuing reperfusion elicited in series A @entity130 , especially in renal proximal tubules and their reticulin skeleton whereas the @entity8 in series B and C was of a markedly lesser degree. @entity1405 and its derivate BM-14.190 possess beside vasodilatory potency and alpha- and beta-adrenoceptor blocking activity a potent scavenger property. This may be the cause of the protective effect preventing the @entity63 and reperfusion injury in the renal tissue.

title: [Protective effect of XXXX on renal circulation and tissue injury in reperfusion of @entity63 kidneys in @entity35 ].

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal ischemia', 'flow in the renal artery', 'renal injury']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity1405 :: ('MESH:C043211', 'Chemical') :: ['carvedilol', 'Carvedilol']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['serious injury']

answer: @entity1405 :: (MESH:C043211,Chemical) :: ['carvedilol']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the technique and complications of @entity400 ( @entity400 ) for @entity10633 . DESIGN: Retrospective, nonrandomized, single-center case series. @entity1 : One hundred eyes of 100 @entity1 with diagnostically challenging @entity10633 evaluated with @entity400 . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Biopsy technique and complications. RESULTS: Of more than 1400 @entity1 referred with an @entity10633 over a 24-year period, 100 underwent @entity400 for diagnostic purposes. The median @entity1 age was 44 years. The median basal dimension of the lesion was 9.0 mm and median thickness was 2.5 mm. A limbal entry with transaqueous approach parallel to the iris was used in 100% of @entity1 . Entry was from the superotemporal (52%) or inferotemporal (42%) direction. Needle gauge size was 22 (9%), 25 (55%), 27 (25%), or 30 (9%), depending on the friability and vascularity of the @entity5 . Adequate @entity5 sample was achieved in 99 eyes (99%). At the time of @entity400 , the only immediate complication was partial @entity5891 (34%). Two weeks after @entity400 , persistent @entity5891 was found in 6 eyes (6%), requiring surgical washout in 1 @entity1 . There were no cases of recurrent @entity5891 , @entity548 , @entity1162 , @entity16 , @entity3225 , or extraocular @entity5 seeding. At mean follow-up of 5 years, there was no incident of @entity5 recurrence on the iris, along the needle tract, or on the corneal or epibulbar surface. CONCLUSIONS: Using our technique, @entity400 for diagnostically challenging @entity10633 can achieve high yield with relatively few complications.

title: Fine-needle aspiration biopsy of XXXX in 100 consecutive cases: technique and complications.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['vitreous hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['lens damage']

entities_list: @entity10633 :: ('MESH:D015811', 'Disease') :: ['iris tumors', 'iris tumor']

entities_list: @entity400 :: ('MESH:D014202', 'Disease') :: ['fine-needle aspiration biopsy', 'FNAB']

entities_list: @entity1162 :: ('MESH:D008133', 'Disease') :: ['prolonged hypotony']

entities_list: @entity3225 :: ('MESH:D009877', 'Disease') :: ['endophthalmitis']

answer: @entity10633 :: (MESH:D015811,Disease) :: ['iris tumors']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Due to the concerns about the overtreatment of @entity263 (PCa), @entity3457 ( @entity3457 ) is now a recommended alternative to the @entity3457 ( @entity3457 ) of surgery and radiotherapy. However, @entity3457 is not widely utilized, partially due to psychological and decision-making factors associated with treatment preferences. METHODS: In a longitudinal cohort study, we conducted pretreatment telephone interviews (N=1,140, 69.3% participation) with newly diagnosed, low-risk PCa @entity1 (PSA<10, Gleason<6) from Kaiser Permanente Northern California. We assessed psychological and decision-making variables, and treatment preference [ @entity3457 , @entity3457 , No Preference (NP)]. RESULTS: @entity1 were 61.5 (SD=7.3) years old, 24 days (median) post-diagnosis, and 81.1% white. Treatment preferences were: 39.3% @entity3457 , 30.9% @entity3457 , and 29.7% NP. Multinomial logistic regression revealed that @entity1 preferring @entity3457 (vs. @entity3457 ) were older (OR=1.64, CI 1.07-2.51), more educated (OR=2.05, CI 1.12-3.74), had greater PCa knowledge (OR=1.77, CI 1.43-2.18) and greater awareness of having low-risk @entity5 (OR=3.97, CI 1.96-8.06), but also were less certain about their treatment preference (OR=0.57, CI 0.41 - 0.8), had greater PCa @entity148 (OR=1.22, CI 1.003-1.48), and preferred a shared treatment decision (OR=2.34, CI 1.37-3.99). Similarly, @entity1 preferring NP (vs. @entity3457 ) were less certain about treatment preference, preferred a shared decision, and had greater knowledge. CONCLUSIONS: Although a substantial proportion of @entity1 preferred @entity3457 , this was associated with @entity148 and uncertainty, suggesting that this may be a difficult choice. IMPACT: Increasing the appropriate use of @entity3457 for low-risk PCa will require additional reassurance and information, and reaching @entity1 almost immediately post-diagnosis while the decision-making is ongoing.

title: Treatment Preferences for Active Surveillance vs. Active Treatment Among @entity1 with Low-Risk XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Men', 'men']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['low-risk prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity3457 :: ('OMIM:612348', 'Disease') :: ['active surveillance', 'AS', 'active treatments', 'AT']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['Prostate Cancer']


abstract: Cell-surface-associated glycoconjugates play important roles in cellular functions such as antigen presentation and cell adhesion, functions that may be modulated in @entity1 with @entity401 . Because @entity1735 residues can be recognized by specific lectins, we designed our study to establish baseline data for bronchoalveolar-lavage-derived cells from normal volunteers and to compare the lectin-binding properties of these cells with cells recovered from @entity1 presenting with @entity401 . Cells were obtained from @entity1 with @entity2416 (n = 10), @entity1 with @entity370 (n = 20), and @entity1 receiving @entity2643 without evidence of clinical @entity358 (n = 10) as well as from normal volunteers (n = 8). To determine the pattern of cell-surface glycoconjugate expression on alveolar macrophages (AM), we used a panel of 21 fluorochrome-coupled plant lectins and employed flow cytometry to determine their binding to AM. The labeling profiles of AM were found to be highly reproducible for normal subjects. At the lectin concentrations used for this study, some lectins showed very little binding to AM and some displayed intermediate binding, but the majority of the lectins labeled nearly all AM in samples. Fluorescence intensity varied characteristically for cells labeled with different lectins, providing further refinement and permitting discrimination beyond that provided by data restricted to percent of labeling. AM from @entity1 with @entity401 showed increased binding for the plant-derived lectins PNA, UEA-I, BSL-I, VVL, and SJA compared with AM from normal subjects, being most augmented for AM from @entity1 with @entity2416 . Because peripheral blood monocytes from normal subjects show a higher percentage of labeling with PNA, UEA-I, SJA, and BSL-I than did AM, the increased expression of binding sites for these four lectins by AM from @entity1 with @entity401 may reflect the influx of immature blood monocytes and/or the emergence of a proinflammatory macrophage phenotype. This study demonstrated heterogeneous expression of surface @entity1735 residues by AM and blood monocytes from normal subjects and alterations in @entity1735 receptor expression in @entity401 . Lectin-binding properties may prove useful, therefore, in the evaluation of mononuclear phagocyte populations in @entity401 , especially by the identification of functional subsets and/or changed activation states.

title: Alveolar macrophage surface @entity1735 expression is altered in XXXX as determined by lectin-binding profiles.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2643 :: ('MESH:D000638', 'Chemical') :: ['amiodarone']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity2416 :: ('MESH:D054990', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['lung disease']

entities_list: @entity401 :: ('MESH:D017563', 'Disease') :: ['interstitial lung disease']

entities_list: @entity370 :: ('MESH:D012507', 'Disease') :: ['sarcoidosis']

answer: @entity401 :: (MESH:D017563,Disease) :: ['interstitial lung disease']


abstract: PURPOSE: To establish an "electrical fingerprint" for the gap junction channels between @entity1 lens epithelial cells. METHODS: The double whole cell patch clamp technique was applied to isolated cell pairs obtained from @entity19 lens epithelium and a continuous cell line of lens epithelial cells derived from the @entity742 lens ( @entity1252 2.1). RESULTS: The junctional conductance in @entity19 lens epithelial cells and in cultured @entity1252 2.1 cells was found to be moderately voltage dependent. @entity1252 2.1 cells were analyzed in more detail. The voltage dependence could be described by a Boltzmann distribution with Vo = +/- 63.1 mV and Gmin = 0.34. In cell pairs that exhibited spontaneously low junctional conductance, single channel events could be distinguished. Single gap junction channel currents had a linear current-voltage relationship. A frequency histogram of single channel conductances from eight cell pairs had three major peaks of 35, 60 and 97 pS. CONCLUSION: The electrical properties of gap junction channels between @entity1 lens epithelial cells were virtually identical to those previously reported for transfected cell lines expressing @entity495 . The authors' physiological data are therefore in agreement with molecular studies that have identified @entity495 as the major connexin of lens epithelial cells.

title: Electrical properties of XXXX lens epithelial gap junction channels.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['mammalian']


abstract: Previous studies of the in vitro effects of recombinant @entity1307 ( @entity5301 ) on T and B cells and studies of lymphocyte subsets in dialysis @entity1 receiving @entity5301 therapy suggest that @entity5301 might augment immune responses. In the present study indices of @entity792 (antinuclear antibody, anti-double-stranded DNA, and antiphospholipid antibody [immunoglobulins G and M]) were measured before, during, and after @entity5301 therapy in five @entity1252 @entity1 without @entity177 (mean serum @entity1011 , 1.5 +/- 0.3 mg/dL). The @entity5301 therapy was self-administered by subcutaneous injection in doses ranging from 4,000 units once weekly to 3,000 units three times weekly for 3 to 7 months. On @entity5301 therapy, each @entity1 experienced an increase in hematocrit. The mean baseline hematocrit increased from 32 +/- 2.0 to a peak of 42.2 +/- 3 (P < 0.001) at 3 to 7 months and then decreased to baseline values 1 to 2 months after @entity5301 was discontinued. During this time the indices of @entity792 were not significantly changed by @entity5301 therapy. @entity1252 activity, assessed by serum C3, serum @entity1011 , urinalysis, and 24-hour @entity644 , also was unchanged by @entity5301 therapy. The @entity5301 therapy was generally well tolerated. However, one @entity1 , who was also receiving replacement @entity172 therapy and had high-titer antiphospholipid antibody, experienced episodes of @entity2268 while on @entity5301 therapy. In conclusion, we found no evidence that @entity5301 increases @entity792 in @entity1252 . However, we observed a temporal relationship between episodes of @entity2268 and @entity5301 therapy in a single @entity1 with high-titer anticardiolipin antibody who was also receiving replacement @entity172 therapy. These associations require further investigation.

title: Effect of recombinant @entity1307 therapy on @entity792 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity1252 :: ('MESH:D008180', 'Disease') :: ['systemic lupus erythematosus', 'Systemic lupus erythematosus']

entities_list: @entity1307 :: ('2056', 'Gene') :: ['erythropoietin']

entities_list: @entity2268 :: ('MESH:D013924', 'Disease') :: ['thrombophlebitis']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmunity']

answer: @entity1252 :: (MESH:D008180,Disease) :: ['systemic lupus erythematosus']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity5123 is the most common @entity5 arising in the salivary glands. Surgical management is the primary therapeutic modality. With the use of modern surgical techniques, recurrence is infrequent, and @entity2103 sparing is the norm. However, for @entity1 with recurrent disease, the risk of further relapses is increased with surgical resection alone, particularly for those @entity1 in whom multiple recurrences have already occurred. The role of adjuvant radiotherapy in this setting remains uncertain. Although neutron radiotherapy is superior to conventional radiotherapy for @entity5 , its role in the treatment of @entity5123 is less well defined. We report our experience using this modality for high-risk, recurrent @entity5123 . METHODS: Sixteen @entity1 were treated with neutron radiotherapy for recurrent @entity5123 of major salivary glands from 1986 through 1993. The median age at diagnosis was 33 years (range, 11-77 years); median age at the time of neutron radiotherapy was 52 years (range, 22-77 years); median number of prior surgical procedures was 3 (range, 1-6); median duration from initial diagnosis to radiotherapy was 14.5 years (range, 3 months-30 years); median follow-up was 83 months (range, 9-144 months). The median period at risk for survivors was 96 months (defined as the interval from completion of neutron radiotherapy to last follow-up). Ten @entity1 had evidence of gross @entity66 at the time of treatment as determined by imaging studies, with nine @entity1 having multinodular disease. RESULTS: The 10-year actuarial survival was 79%. One @entity1 died from lung metastases 9 months after treatment; one @entity1 died from a @entity96 of uncertain origin, but the histology could not rule out a metastasis from the previous @entity5123 ; and one @entity1 died from recurrent disease at the base of skull. The 15-year actuarial locoregional control rate was 85%. One of the two @entity1 with locoregional recurrence had a malignant transformation into an @entity420 . No statistical difference in 15-year actuarial survival (75% vs 83%, p =.82) was found comparing @entity1 with gross @entity66 vs microscopic @entity66 . The actuarial 15-year locoregional control was 76% for @entity1 with gross @entity66 vs 100% for those with microscopic disease. The 15-year actuarial risk of RTOG/ESTRO nonaudiologic grade III/IV complications was 21%. No @entity2123 were observed as a direct consequence of neutron radiotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: Neutron radiotherapy offers both excellent local control rates and survival rates in @entity1 with multiply recurrent @entity5123 that are not candidates for surgical resection, even in the presence of gross @entity66 . The treatment-related morbidity is acceptable. Malignant transformations and metastases, although uncommon, may be observed in this @entity5 .

title: Neutron radiotherapy for recurrent XXXX of major salivary glands.

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['residual disease']

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['liver tumor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'neoplasm', 'malignant salivary gland tumors']

entities_list: @entity2123 :: ('MESH:D020220', 'Disease') :: ['facial nerve injuries']

entities_list: @entity2103 :: ('MESH:D005155', 'Disease') :: ['facial nerve']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5123 :: ('MESH:D008949', 'Disease') :: ['pleomorphic adenoma', 'pleomorphic adenomas', 'Pleomorphic adenoma']

answer: @entity5123 :: (MESH:D008949,Disease) :: ['pleomorphic adenomas']


abstract: Subclinical @entity731 measured by coronary artery @entity460 (CAC) is associated with increased risk for multiple @entity65 ( @entity65 ) outcomes and @entity65 simultaneously. The aim of this study was to determine the competing risks of specific @entity65 events and @entity65 associated with varying burdens of subclinical @entity731 . A total of 3,095 @entity1 and 3,486 @entity1 from the Multi-Ethnic Study of @entity731 (MESA), aged 45 to 84 years, from 4 ethnic groups were included. @entity1 were stratified by CAC score (0, 1 to 99, and >= 100). Competing Cox models were used to determine competing cumulative incidences and hazard ratios within a group (e.g., those with CAC scores >= 100) and hazard ratios for specific events between groups (e.g., CAC score >= 100 vs 0). Risks were compared for specific @entity65 events and also against @entity65 . In @entity1 , during a mean follow-up period of 7.1 years, the hazard ratios for any @entity65 event compared with a @entity65 occurring first for CAC score 0 and CAC score >= 100 were 1.40 (95% confidence interval 0.97 to 2.04) and 3.07 (95% confidence interval 2.02 to 4.67), respectively. @entity301 was the most common first @entity65 event type at all levels of CAC, and @entity301 rates were 9.5% versus 1.6% (hazard ratio 6.24, 95% confidence interval 3.99 to 9.75) for @entity1 with CAC scores >= 100 compared with CAC scores of 0. Similar results were observed in @entity1 . In conclusion, at all levels of CAC, @entity301 was the most common first @entity65 event, and this analysis represents a novel approach to understanding the temporal sequence of cardiovascular events associated with @entity731 .

title: Competing cardiovascular outcomes associated with subclinical XXXX (from the Multi-Ethnic Study of @entity731 ).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Participants', 'men']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary heart disease', 'Coronary heart disease']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis', 'Atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['non-CVD death', 'CVD', 'cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity731 :: (MESH:D050197,Disease) :: ['atherosclerosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1735 antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) is a widely used @entity5 marker for @entity1124 ( @entity1124 ). In addition, several studies have reported the utility of both pre- and postoperative CA19-9 levels as prognostic factors in resectable @entity1124 . However, little is known about the implications of post-adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) CA19-9 levels. The purpose of this study was to examine the utility of the post-AC CA19-9 level as a prognostic marker for @entity4557 ( @entity4557 ) in resectable @entity1124 . METHODS: A total of 119 @entity1 who completed AC were analyzed (normal post-AC CA19-9, n  =  79; high post-AC CA19-9, n  =  40). The upper limit of the normal (ULN) serum level of CA19-9 was 37  U/mL. RESULTS: Median @entity4557 was significantly shorter for @entity1 with high post-AC CA19-9 levels than for those with normal post-AC CA19-9 (10.4 months vs. 29.6 months, respectively; p  <  0.001). After adjustment, high post-AC CA19-9 level was an independent predictive factor for short @entity4557 (hazard ratio for @entity4557 , 2.72). Median overall survival was significantly shorter in @entity1 with high post-AC CA19-9 levels than in those with normal postoperative CA19-9 levels (24.7 months vs. 92.1 months, respectively; p  <  0.001). The optimal cutoff value of post-AC CA19-9 levels for prediction of early recurrence was >1.5  *  UNL (55.5  U/mL), with a 74.2% positive predictive value. CONCLUSIONS: The present results show that high post-AC CA19-9 level is an independent prognostic factor for short @entity4557 in @entity1 with resected @entity1124 . In addition, it may be useful for predicting early recurrence.

title: Post-adjuvant chemotherapy CA19-9 levels predict prognosis in XXXX with @entity1124 : A retrospective cohort study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4557 :: ('MESH:D012008', 'Disease') :: ['RFS', 'relapse-free survival']

entities_list: @entity1124 :: ('MESH:D021441', 'Disease') :: ['PDAC', 'pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['Carbohydrate']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: A total of 383 clinical isolates of @entity328 , obtained from an equal number of @entity1 in Kigali, Rwanda, was tested for resistance to @entity3397 with a 1 microgram @entity6101 disc. Of these isolates, 99 (25.8%) showed reduced zones of inhibition. By means of an agar dilution method, 21% all isolates were confirmed as relatively resistant (MIC > or = 0.12- < or = 1.0 mg/l) strains of @entity328 (RRSP). A high degree of resistance to @entity3397 (MIC > or = 2 mg/l) was not observed. Resistance to @entity2755 (MIC > or = 8 mg/l) was found in 31% RRSP and in 6% penicillin susceptible strains (PSSP). Doxycycline resistance was common in both RRSP and PSSP strains. All isolates remained fully susceptible to @entity2929 . @entity1 more often harboured a strain giving a reduced inhibition zone than did adults (74/230 versus 25/153; P = 0.0005). A total of 32 serotypes or serogroups were identified, seven of them relating to 64.8% all isolates typed. Of all the isolates 84% belonged to a serotype represented in the 23-valent vaccine or to a cross-reacting serotype. Serotype 25, not included in the vaccine, accounted for 10.7% typed isolates from adults but only for 2.0% typed isolates from @entity1 . Results of susceptibility testing and clinical experience suggest that @entity3397 , @entity869 and @entity2755 should not be used alone as empirical treatment for @entity2506 in @entity1 in Rwanda.

title: Antimicrobial susceptibility and serotype distribution of XXXX from Rwanda, 1984-1990.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity2929 :: ('MESH:D004917', 'Chemical') :: ['erythromycin']

entities_list: @entity2506 :: ('MESH:D008586', 'Disease') :: ['pneumococcal meningitis']

entities_list: @entity6101 :: ('MESH:D010068', 'Chemical') :: ['oxacillin']

entities_list: @entity3397 :: ('MESH:D010400', 'Chemical') :: ['penicillin G']

entities_list: @entity869 :: ('MESH:D000667', 'Chemical') :: ['ampicillin']

entities_list: @entity2755 :: ('MESH:D002701', 'Chemical') :: ['chloramphenicol']

entities_list: @entity328 :: ('1313', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus pneumoniae']

answer: @entity328 :: (1313,Species) :: ['Streptococcus pneumoniae']


abstract: PURPOSE: The association of continuous infusion @entity1487 , @entity1259 (50 mg/m2 q 3 weeks) and a @entity902 compound ( @entity900 or @entity3003 ) was found to be very active in @entity1 with either locally advanced/inflammatory (LA/I) [1, 2] or large operable (LO) @entity0 ( @entity0 ) [3]. The same rate of activity in terms of response rate (RR) and response duration was observed in LA/I @entity0 @entity1 when @entity900 was replaced by @entity786 [4]. The dose of @entity1259 was either 50 mg/m2 [ 1, 2, 3] or 60 mg/m2/cycle [4]. The main objective of this study was to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of @entity1259 when given in combination with fixed doses of @entity786 and infusional @entity1487 (CEF-infu) as neoadjuvant therapy in @entity1 with LO or LA/I @entity0 for a maximum of 6 cycles. @entity1 AND METHODS: Eligible @entity1 had LO or LA/I @entity0 , a performance status 0-1, adequate organ function and were <65 years old. @entity786 was administered at the dose of 400 mg/m2 day 1 and 8, q 4 weeks and infusional @entity1487 200 mg/m2/day was given day 1-28, q 4 weeks. @entity1259 was escalated from 30 to 45 and to 60 mg/m2 day 1 and 8; dose escalation was permitted if 0/3 or 1/6 @entity1 experienced dose limiting @entity137 (DLT) during the first 2 cycles of therapy. DLT for @entity1259 was defined as @entity1398 , grade 4 @entity1398 lasting for >7 days, grade 4 @entity882 , or any non-haematological @entity137 of CTC grade > or =3, excluding alopecia and @entity5515 (this @entity137 was attributable to infusional @entity1487 and was not considered a DLT of @entity1259 ). RESULTS: A total of 21 @entity1 , median age 44 years (range 29-63) have been treated. 107 courses have been delivered, with a median number of 5 cycles per @entity1 (range 4-6). DLTs on cycles I and 2 on level 1, 2, 3: grade 3 (G3) @entity33 occurred in 1/10 @entity1 treated at the third dose level. An interim analysis showed that G3 PPE occurred in 5/16 pts treated with the 28-day infusional @entity1487 schedule at the 3 dose levels. The protocol was subsequently amended to limit the duration of infusional @entity1487 infusion from 4 to 3 weeks. No G3 PPE was detected in 5 @entity1 treated with this new schedule. CONCLUSIONS: This study establishes that @entity1259 60mg/m2 day 1 and 8, @entity786 400mg/m2 day 1 and 8 and infusional @entity1487 200 mg/m2/day day 1-21. q 4 weeks is the recommended dose level. Given the encouraging activity of this regimen (15/21 clinical responses) we have replaced infusional @entity1487 by oral @entity416 in a recently activated study.

title: An EORTC phase I study of @entity1259 in combination with fixed doses of @entity786 and infusional 5-fu (CEF-infu) as primary treatment of large operable or locally advanced/ XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer', 'BC']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity416 :: ('MESH:C110904', 'Chemical') :: ['capecitabine']

entities_list: @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['carboplatin']

entities_list: @entity1259 :: ('MESH:D015251', 'Chemical') :: ['Epirubicin', 'epirubicin']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide', 'Cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['mucositis']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia', 'febrile neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['platinum']

entities_list: @entity5515 :: ('MESH:D017499', 'Disease') :: ['plantar-palmar erythrodysesthesia']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['inflammatory breast cancer']


abstract: @entity1707 weaned at young ages show more abnormal and @entity146 and @entity73 compared to later weaned @entity1707 . We investigated the effects of age, weaning and/or social isolation on the expression of genes regulating glucocorticoid response [glucocorticoid receptor (GR), @entity46364 ( @entity46364 ), @entity11331 dehydrogenases 1 and 2 (11beta-HSD1 and 11beta-HSD2)] in the frontal cortex and hippocampus. Early- (EW; n = 6) and conventionally-weaned (CW; n = 6) piglets were weaned at 10 and 21 days after birth, respectively. Non-weaned (NW) piglets of both ages (NW; n = 6/group) remained with their dams. Immediately before euthanasia, half of CW, EW and NW animals were socially isolated for 15 min at 12 (EW, NW) and 23 (CW, NW) days of age. Differences in amounts of 11beta-HSD1, 11beta-HSD2, GR and MR mRNA were determined by quantitative real-time RT-PCR and data subjected to multivariate linear mixed model analysis. When compared with NW piglets at 12 days of age, the hippocampi of EW piglets showed decreased gene expression (P < 0.01). Social isolation decreased gene expression (P < 0.05) in the frontal cortex of all piglets. Twelve-day-old piglets showed higher MR mRNA in the frontal cortex (P < 0.01) and lower 11beta-HSD2 and GR mRNA (P < 0.05) in the hippocampus compared to 23-day-old animals. Results indicate that EW affected the hippocampus of piglets at 12 days of age, while social isolation affected frontal cortex regardless of age. These results may be correlated with behavioral and cognitive changes reported in EW piglets.

title: Effects of early weaning and social isolation on the expression of glucocorticoid and XXXX and @entity11331 dehydrogenase 1 and 2 mRNAs in the frontal cortex and hippocampus of piglets.

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive behaviors']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive deficits']

entities_list: @entity46364 :: ('397452(Tax:9823)', 'Gene') :: ['MR', 'mineralocorticoid receptor']

entities_list: @entity11331 :: ('CHEBI:35346', 'Chemical') :: ['11beta-hydroxysteroid']

answer: @entity46364 :: (397452(Tax:9823),Gene) :: ['mineralocorticoid receptor']


abstract: This report presents 8 cases of internal carotid @entity438 , 1 case of a @entity438 , and 2 cases of anterior cerebral @entity438 , together with a discussion of the treatment of @entity439 in anterior circulation. All cases showed @entity510 . Two of the 8 internal carotid @entity438 were trapped with a low-flow bypass; however, both @entity1 died of an immediate hemodynamic @entity1188 or @entity2553 -induced @entity1188 . Five of the 8 internal carotid @entity438 were trapped after revascularization with high flow bypass. Four of those @entity1 were self-supporting at discharge, but one @entity1 was discharged in a vegetative state due to the sacrifice of arterial branches which were included in the dissecting portion. One case of the dissecting @entity439 in the M2 portion of the middle cerebral artery was trapped after low-flow bypass. This @entity1 was self-supporting at discharge. In 2 cases of anterior cerebral @entity438 , the lesions were first wrapped with Bemsheets, and then the aneurysmal clip was applied on the wrapped dome. Trapping following high-flow bypass is the best method for treating a dissecting @entity3538 . Trapping also can be used to treat a dissecting @entity439 of the middle cerebral artery, after low-flow bypass. Clipping on the wrapped @entity439 can also be performed successfully in the @entity438 .

title: Treatment of a cerebral dissecting @entity439 in anterior circulation: report of 11 XXXX cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['subarachnoid hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity3538 :: ('MESH:D002341', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm in the internal carotid artery']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms', 'aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarction']

entities_list: @entity2553 :: ('MESH:D020301', 'Disease') :: ['vasospasm']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['artery aneurysms', 'anterior cerebral artery aneurysm', 'middle cerebral artery aneurysm']

answer: @entity510 :: (MESH:D013345,Disease) :: ['subarachnoid hemorrhage']


abstract: BACKGROUND: There is a tendency towards conservative behaviours in the treatment of blunt @entity1661 . AIM: To perform a retrospective analysis of the results of conservative management of liver and @entity130 . @entity1 AND METHODS: Clinical charts of 21 @entity1 with @entity409 or spleen that were not operated, seen between 1991 and 1996, were reviewed. Severity of @entity130 was assessed according to the Abbreviated injury scale of 1985 and CAT scan lesions were scored according to scale proposed by the American Association of @entity130 Surgery. RESULTS: Mean age of @entity1 was 33.4 years old and 17 were male. Twelve @entity1 had liver @entity130 , that had a mean severity index of 20.1. According to abdominal CAT scan, two @entity1 had @entity75 , 8 had @entity75 and 2 had grade IV lesions. Two @entity1 required transfusions and all had a successful recovery. Nine @entity1 had @entity130 , with a severity score of 24.4. Three @entity1 required transfusions and one was subjected to a splenectomy. Mean hospital stay was 17.8 days for @entity1 with liver @entity130 and 16 days for @entity1 with @entity130 . CONCLUSIONS: Non operative management of liver and @entity130 is feasible and safe in a selected group of @entity1 , independent of the degree of @entity130 .

title: [Non operative treatment of liver and XXXX . Clinical experience].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['grade II lesions', 'grade III lesions']

entities_list: @entity1661 :: ('MESH:D000008', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal trauma']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['traumatic lesions of liver']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['injury and hemoperitoneum', 'spleen trauma', 'Trauma', 'trauma']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['spleen trauma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the etiology of @entity33159 in @entity1 with @entity1112 ( @entity1112 ) through statistical analysis of pooled white matter data from structural MR images. BACKGROUND: @entity33159 occur in 85% of @entity1112 @entity1 . Previous electrophysiologic studies have suggested an abnormal ipsilateral corticospinal tract projection in @entity1112 @entity1 exhibiting @entity33159 . However, an alternative hypothesis has proposed a functional lack of transcallosal inhibitory fibers. METHODS: T1-weighted brain scans were normalized into stereotaxic space with segregation of gray and white matter to allow comparison of pooled white matter data on a voxel-by-voxel basis using SPM-96 software. Nine @entity1112 @entity1 were compared with two age-matched groups of nonmirroring individuals: nine @entity1 with @entity12608 ( @entity12608 ) and nine age-matched normal (healthy) @entity1 . RESULTS: Hypertrophy of the corpus callosum was found in both @entity12608 groups: the anterior and midsection in @entity1112 , and the genu and posterior section in @entity12608 . @entity1184 of the corticospinal tract was found only in the group of @entity1112 @entity1 exhibiting @entity33159 . SPM analysis was validated by an independent region of interest analysis of corpus callosum size. CONCLUSION: Although morphometry on its own cannot determine the cause of @entity33159 , the specific finding of a hypertrophied corticospinal tract in @entity1112 is consistent with electrophysiologic evidence suggesting that @entity33159 in @entity1112 result from abnormal development of the ipsilateral corticospinal tract fibers.

title: @entity12608 : XXXX associated with bilateral corticospinal tract @entity1184 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity33159 :: ('OMIM:157600', 'Disease') :: ['Mirror movements', 'mirror movements']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['Bilateral hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity1112 :: ('MESH:D040181', 'Disease') :: ["X-linked Kallmann's syndrome", 'xKS']

entities_list: @entity12608 :: ('MESH:D017436', 'Disease') :: ['aKS', "Kallmann's syndrome", "autosomal Kallmann's syndrome"]

answer: @entity33159 :: (OMIM:157600,Disease) :: ['mirror movements']


abstract: Both @entity851 factor I ( @entity2135 ) synergize with @entity172 to induce normal mammary gland development. However, the nature of this synergy has not been explored. To gain insight into the mechanism of these interactions we have examined the effects of these substances on the @entity172 receptor (ER). ER levels in the mammary gland cytosols from hypophysectomized and oophorectomized @entity35 , were measured using two assay systems: a dextran-coated charcoal procedure to measure binding to radiolabeled @entity134 , and an immunologic assay employing a specific antibody to the receptor. In both assays, levels of ER were at or near baseline detection (approximately 1-2 ng/mg protein). Treating animals with either @entity291 or @entity1 GH significantly increased ER activity (P<0.001), whereas prolactin (PRL) and/or @entity53 treatment had no effect. That this increase was at the level of transcription was demonstrated by reverse transcriptase/polymerase chain reaction. Following a single injection of GH (50 microgram), a substantial increase in ER mRNA was observed by 10 h, with levels returning to baseline within 24 h; a concomitant increase in ER itself was also observed at the 10 h time point. The effect of GH appeared to occur mainly in the mammary stroma, because there were no differences in GH stimulation of ER between gland-free and gland containing mammary fat pads. Furthermore, analysis of mammary gland ER by immunocytochemistry demonstrated that while ER was present in the epithelial cells of non-treated animals, only GH treated animals had ER clearly visible in both glandular and fat cells of the tissue. In contrast, treating animals with des(1-3)- @entity2135 did not result in reproducible increases in ER, nor in the staining of fat cell nuclei for ER. These data demonstrate a specific GH effect on the ER in the mammary fat cell.

title: The effect of GH on XXXX receptor expression in the @entity35 mammary gland.

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['GH and insulin-like growth']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['estradiol']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

answer: @entity172 :: (MESH:D004967,Chemical) :: ['estrogen']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Severe disease attributable to @entity3965 infection is already well described worldwide; however, autopsies in these @entity1 are scarce. METHODS: From 1996 to 2010, 19 @entity1 @entity204 with a clinical diagnosis of @entity3965 infection occurred in a tertiary care center in the Brazilian Amazon. Seventeen of these 19 @entity204 were fully autopsied. Clinical charts, macroscopic autopsy reports, and stored paraffinized tissue blocks were retrieved. Nested polymerase chain reaction was performed in paraffinized samples of spleen and lung to confirm @entity3965 monoinfection. Immunohistofluorescence was used to detect @entity3965 parasitized red blood cells (RBCs). RESULTS: Of 17 autopsies, 13 revealed that @entity204 could be attributed to @entity3965 infection; in the remaining 4, @entity697 other than @entity311 were found to be the cause of @entity204 . The primary complication in @entity1 in which @entity311 contributed to @entity204 was @entity649 ( @entity649 ) and @entity3126 associated with the accumulation of neutrophils in the interalveolar space (6 cases). @entity397 (3 cases) and @entity409 (3 cases) were the second most common complications. One @entity1 evolving with @entity772 was also characterized, but no parasite was detected in the brain tissue. In one @entity1 who developed @entity649 and presented negative peripheral @entity5895 by the time of @entity204 , scattered parasitized red blood cells were seen inside pulmonary capillaries, suggesting some sequestration in the lung. CONCLUSIONS: In 13 of 17 deceased @entity1 , @entity3965 infection was the plausible cause of @entity204 . However, more studies are needed to understand pathogenesis related to severe disease.

title: Postmortem characterization of @entity1 with clinical diagnosis of @entity3965 XXXX : to what extent does this parasite kill?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['child', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute diseases']

entities_list: @entity3126 :: ('MESH:D011654', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary edema']

entities_list: @entity649 :: ('MESH:D012128', 'Disease') :: ['ARDS', 'acute respiratory distress syndrome']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['multiorgan dysfunction syndrome']

entities_list: @entity3965 :: ('5855', 'Species') :: ['P. vivax', 'Plasmodium vivax']

entities_list: @entity397 :: ('MESH:D012421', 'Disease') :: ['Spleen rupture']

entities_list: @entity5895 :: ('MESH:D018512', 'Disease') :: ['parasitemia']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['death', 'deaths']

answer: @entity311 :: (MESH:D008288,Disease) :: ['malaria']


abstract: CONTEXT: Maternal serum human Chorionic Gonadotropin ( @entity1465 ) and Alpha Fetal Protein ( @entity160 ) were originally introduced to detect trisomy 21 and @entity601 . However, in the absence of @entity601 , mid-trimester maternal serum @entity1465 and/or maternal serum @entity160 associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Pregnancies with unexplained mid-trimester elevation in maternal serum @entity1465 and/or maternal serum @entity160 , are at increased risk for pregnancy complications resulting from @entity2431 . EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: Mid-trimester maternal serum @entity1465 >2.5 MoM associated with an increased risk for pregnancy complications including: late fetal loss, gestational @entity101 , @entity1468 , @entity1592 ( @entity1592 ), @entity3152 and @entity5617 (IUFD). Mid-trimester maternal serum @entity160 levels >2.5 MoM are thought to reflect a defect in placentation and associated with an increased risk for pregnancy complications including: late fetal loss, gestational @entity101 , @entity1468 , @entity1592 , @entity3152 and IUFD. RESULTS: Combined mid-trimester elevation in maternal serum @entity1465 and @entity160 levels suggest a more complex type of placental pathology. They have stronger association with pregnancy complications including: late fetal loss, gestational @entity101 , @entity1468 , @entity1592 , @entity3152 and IUFD. CONCLUSIONS: Mid-trimester maternal serum @entity1465 or @entity160 levels alone cannot detect all pregnant @entity1 with increased risk to develop pregnancy complications. Multiparameter testing of placental function in mid-trimester (maternal serum @entity1465 and @entity160 screening, uterine artery Doppler and placental morphology) may allow us to identify @entity1 with increased risk to develop severe @entity2431 . However, future prospective studies are needed to confirm the prognostic significance of multiparameter testing of placental function in mid-trimester.

title: Mid-trimester maternal serum XXXX and alpha fetal protein levels: clinical significance and prediction of adverse pregnancy outcome.

entities_list: @entity3152 :: ('MESH:D007752', 'Disease') :: ['preterm delivery']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity1592 :: ('MESH:D005317', 'Disease') :: ['IUGR', 'intrauterine growth restriction']

entities_list: @entity601 :: ('MESH:D009436', 'Disease') :: ['aneuploidy or neural tube defects', 'neural tube defects']

entities_list: @entity1468 :: ('MESH:D011225', 'Disease') :: ['preeclampsia']

entities_list: @entity5617 :: ('MESH:D005313', 'Disease') :: ['intrauterine fetal death']

entities_list: @entity2431 :: ('MESH:D010927', 'Disease') :: ['placental insufficiency', 'placental insufficiency and pregnancy complications']

answer: @entity1465 :: (93659,Gene) :: ['HCG']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Metallothionein is a low-molecular-weight @entity462 -rich protein that has the ability to bind and sequestrate heavy metal ions. It is associated with metalloregulatory functions such as cell proliferation, growth and differentiation. AIMS: To investigate the expression of metallothionein in hyperplastic, @entity6349 and @entity4623 and to correlate its expression with histological grade of @entity263 . METHOD: The study was carried out on @entity406 -fixed and paraffin-wax-embedded tissue blocks from 8 @entity1 with @entity1067 , 6 @entity1 with @entity5436 ( @entity5436 ) and 30 @entity1 with @entity263 , using the streptavidin- @entity1885 technique. The histological grade was @entity189 were divided into low-grade (Gleason Score 2-4), 12 moderate grade (Gleason Score 5-6) and 10 high-grade (Gleason Score 7-10) carcinomas. RESULTS: Patchy metallothionein staining of epithelial cells was observed in normal and benign prostatic tissues. All cases of @entity5436 and 20 of 30 @entity1 with @entity263 showed positive staining for metallothionein. Metallothionein expression considerably increased from low-grade to high-grade @entity5 . The proportion of cells staining positively for metallothionein was directly correlated with histological grade of @entity263 . The epithelial cells lack uniformity in staining intensity, but the percentage of strongly positive cells increased with the histological grade of @entity263 . CONCLUSIONS: The high incidence of metallothionein expression in @entity5436 in our study suggests that it is associated with early prostate tumorigenesis. Also, metallothionein expression was directly correlated with the histological grade of @entity263 , suggesting that metallothionein may be a useful marker for predicting the prognosis of @entity263 .

title: Metallothionein isoform II expression in hyperplastic, @entity6349 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostatic carcinoma', 'prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity462 :: ('MESH:D003545', 'Chemical') :: ['cysteine']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours']

entities_list: @entity1067 :: ('MESH:D011470', 'Disease') :: ['benign prostatic hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity406 :: ('MESH:D005557', 'Chemical') :: ['formalin']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['defined and the carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity4623 :: ('MESH:D011469', 'Disease') :: ['neoplastic prostatic lesions']

entities_list: @entity6349 :: ('MESH:D004416', 'Disease') :: ['dysplastic']

entities_list: @entity5436 :: ('MESH:D019048', 'Disease') :: ['prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia', 'PIN']

answer: @entity4623 :: (MESH:D011469,Disease) :: ['neoplastic prostatic lesions']


abstract: The biological behavior of any @entity5 is the result of changes in gene expression caused by mutations accumulated in the carcinogenic process. In @entity213 ( @entity213 ) there are numerous complex @entity2008 . To make sense of this complexity it is necessary to identify the consistent chromosome changes in a large panel of @entity5 , to determine if these changes are true representations of the in vivo situation, and to construct a map of gene loci likely to be involved in the development and progression of @entity5 . Our findings indicate that cultured @entity5 cells are cytogenetically stable when compared to cells evolving in vivo. We also found that clues to the sequence of events in clonal evolution of @entity5 can be deduced by studying primary and @entity3 from the same @entity1 , by examining separate clones within the same @entity5 , and by analyzing ploidy changes. Furthermore, comparison of the in vitro karyotypes to in situ analysis of the @entity5 tissue indicates that in vitro cultures are good representations of the in vivo @entity5 . We conclude that identification of consistent chromosome changes in cultured cells can lead to the loci of genes important in the clinical behavior of @entity5 . The most frequent @entity2008 in @entity213 , found in 40-60% of @entity5 , are deletions affecting 3p, 5q, 8p, 9p, and 18q. Less common consistent changes found in 30-40% of @entity5 are gains affecting 3q, 5p, 7p, 8q, and 11q. Preliminary evidence suggests that loss of 18q may be prognostically important and may involve disruption of genes encoding cell adhesion molecules.

title: Chromosomal biomarkers in the clonal evolution of head and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'individual tumors', 'cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic tumors']

entities_list: @entity2008 :: ('MESH:D002869', 'Disease') :: ['chromosome abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity213 :: ('MESH:C535575', 'Disease') :: ['SCCHN', 'squamous carcinoma of the head and neck']

answer: @entity213 :: (MESH:C535575,Disease) :: ['neck squamous neoplasia']


abstract: A simple and rapid method was developed for determination of @entity13642 , @entity30708 (DP), @entity29360 ( @entity47781 ), @entity18884 ( @entity18885 ), @entity10687 , @entity22771 , and @entity5498 parathion in whole oranges. These compounds were extracted from a mixture of samples and anhydrous @entity13101 with @entity1046 . The @entity1046 extract was concentrated and cleaned up by passing through tandem solid-phase extraction columns consisting of anion-exchange and primary/ @entity27036 bonded @entity3440 . The eluate was concentrated and volume was adjusted with @entity1042 for subsequent liquid chromatography (LC) and gas chromatography (GC). @entity13642 (as @entity9454 , MBC), DP, @entity47781 , and @entity18885 residues were determined by LC with fluorescence detection. Recoveries at 3 fortified levels (0.1, 1, and 10 micrograms/g) ranged from 63.9 to 97.4%, with coefficients of variation (CVs) of 1.6 to 15.5%. Limits of detection (LODs) were 0.01 microgram/g for DP, @entity47781 , @entity18885 and 0.05 microgram/g for @entity13642 . @entity10687 , @entity22771 , and @entity5498 parathion residues were determined by GC with flame photometric detection. Recoveries ranged from 90.4 to 97.0%, with CVs of 2.1 to 5.9%. LODs were 0.005 microgram/g for @entity10687 and @entity35882 , and 0.01 microgram/g for @entity22771 .

title: Determination of @entity13642 , @entity30708 , XXXX , @entity18884 , @entity10687 , @entity22771 , and @entity5498 parathion in oranges by solid-phase extraction, liquid chromatography, and gas chromatography.

entities_list: @entity13101 :: ('MESH:D019346', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium acetate']

entities_list: @entity1046 :: ('MESH:C007650', 'Chemical') :: ['ethyl acetate']

entities_list: @entity29360 :: ('MESH:C004369', 'Chemical') :: ['o-phenylphenol']

entities_list: @entity22771 :: ('MESH:C005828', 'Chemical') :: ['methidathion']

entities_list: @entity27036 :: ('CHEBI:32863', 'Chemical') :: ['secondary amine']

entities_list: @entity10687 :: ('MESH:D004390', 'Chemical') :: ['Chlorpyrifos', 'chlorpyrifos']

entities_list: @entity1042 :: ('MESH:D000432', 'Chemical') :: ['methanol']

entities_list: @entity35882 :: ('MESH:D008743', 'Chemical') :: ['methyl parathion']

entities_list: @entity13642 :: ('MESH:D001542', 'Chemical') :: ['benomyl', 'Benomyl']

entities_list: @entity9454 :: ('MESH:C006698', 'Chemical') :: ['methyl-2-benzimidazole carbamate']

entities_list: @entity18884 :: ('MESH:D013827', 'Chemical') :: ['thiabendazole']

answer: @entity29360 :: (MESH:C004369,Chemical) :: ['o-phenylphenol']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to compare the changes in @entity79 ( @entity79 ) of three different ACL reconstruction (ACLR) techniques and its association with early clinical and functional outcomes. METHODS: Sixty-two male adult @entity1 undergoing primary ACLR were prospectively parallel randomized to bone-patellar tendon-bone graft (BPTB), single-bundle (HT-SB) or double-bundle (HT-DB) hamstring graft. @entity79 (primary outcome) at the proximal tibia, distal femur, femoral neck and trochanteric region was measured blindly at day 1, 3 months, 5 months and 1 year after surgery. KT-1000, Lysholm, IKDC, one-leg hop test and Lachman test were performed blindly at baseline and 1 year post-reconstruction. RESULTS: There was a significant @entity604 at the injured knee and hip at 3 and 5 months which was reversible at the knee, but not at the hip, at 1 year post-operation. There was a significant improvement of early clinical and functional outcomes at 1 year. No significant differences in @entity604 was detected among different surgical techniques, except @entity604 at the femoral neck, though a trend of greater @entity604 in the HT-SB group at 5 months after reconstruction was observed. There was a significant positive correlation between @entity79 at the distal femur and the single-leg hop distance at 1 year. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, the three surgical techniques were similar in transient @entity604 at the knee region, irreversible @entity604 at the hip, early clinical and functional outcomes up to 1 year post-reconstruction. @entity79 at the distal femur was positively associated with the single-leg hop distance at 1 year post-reconstruction.

title: A randomized controlled trial comparing XXXX changes of three different ACL reconstruction techniques.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone mineral density', 'BMD']

entities_list: @entity604 :: ('MESH:D016301', 'Disease') :: ['bone loss', 'BMD loss']

answer: @entity79 :: (MESH:D001847,Disease) :: ['bone mineral density']


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate levels of biomarkers of @entity195 in the @entity7462 in @entity1 with @entity1538 ( @entity1538 ). METHODS: Aqueous humor samples were collected from 38 @entity1 with @entity231 , 20 @entity1 with @entity725 , and 32 @entity1 with @entity9998 . Aqueous levels of @entity1675 , @entity12436 , @entity2204 , transthyretin ( @entity20117 ), complement factor H, complement C3, and a2-macroglobulin (a2M) were determined by multiplex bead immunoassay. Clinical data were obtained from medical charts. RESULTS: Age and sex did not differ significantly among groups. @entity725 @entity1 had significantly higher aqueous levels of @entity1675 , @entity12436 , @entity2204 , @entity20117 , and a2M compared with @entity231 @entity1 (P < 0.001, P = 0.036, P < 0.001, P < 0.001, and P < 0.001, respectively). Corresponding values for @entity9998 @entity1 were also significantly higher compared with those for @entity231 @entity1 (P = 0.003, P = 0.009, P < 0.001, P < 0.001, and P < 0.001), and those levels correlated positively with each other in eyes with @entity1538 (P < 0.001 for all combinations). @entity51320 levels did not differ among groups. Mean deviation values for the Humphrey visual field test correlated positively with levels of @entity1675 , @entity2204 , @entity20117 , and complement factor H in @entity1538 @entity1 (P = 0.026, 0.012, 0.008, and 0.027, respectively), but age and IOP values were not correlated with protein levels. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1538 @entity1 had elevated levels of multiple biomarkers of @entity195 in the @entity7462 .

title: Elevated levels of multiple biomarkers of @entity195 in the aqueous humor of eyes with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1538 :: ('MESH:D005902', 'Disease') :: ['open-angle glaucoma', 'OAG']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataracts', 'cataract']

entities_list: @entity9998 :: ('MESH:D017889', 'Disease') :: ['exfoliation glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity51320 :: ('3075;718', 'Gene') :: ['Complement factor H and complement C3']

entities_list: @entity7462 :: ('MESH:C562390', 'Disease') :: ['aqueous humor']

entities_list: @entity1675 :: ('335', 'Gene') :: ['apolipoprotein (Apo) AI', 'Apo AI']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["Alzheimer's disease"]

answer: @entity1538 :: (MESH:D005902,Disease) :: ['open-angle glaucoma']


abstract: Despite advancements in the treatment of @entity43 , this disease continues to be a leading cause of @entity5 in @entity1 . Adoptive transfer of @entity5 -reactive T cells is a promising antitumor therapy for many @entity5 . We designed a chimeric receptor linking @entity3223 , a @entity19124 , to the @entity12711 of the T-cell receptor to target @entity43 cells. Engagement of chimeric @entity3223 receptors (chNKG2D) with ligands for @entity3223 , which are commonly expressed on @entity5 cells, leads to T-cell secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and @entity5 . In this study, we show that >80% of primary @entity1 @entity43 samples expressed ligands for @entity3223 on the cell surface. The @entity5 samples expressed MHC class I-related protein A, @entity1532 , and @entity50779 . ChNKG2D-expressing T cells @entity43 cell lines. We show that T cells from @entity43 @entity1 that express chNKG2D secreted proinflammatory cytokines when cultured with autologous @entity5 cells. In addition, we show that chNKG2D T cells can be used therapeutically in a @entity19 model of @entity43 . These data indicate that treatment with chNKG2D-expressing T cells is a potential immunotherapy for @entity43 .

title: Chimeric @entity3223 -bearing T cells as immunotherapy for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian tumor', 'ovarian cancer', 'lysed ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer death', 'cancers', 'tumor cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity19124 :: ('9436', 'Gene') :: ['natural killer (NK) cell-activating receptor']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['ovarian cancer']


abstract: Between November 1977 and April 1992, thirty @entity1 carrying several forms of @entity8 underwent surgical treatment. The series is composed of thirteen male and seventeen female, aged between 1 and 51 years (mean age 32). All @entity1 had @entity101 , which was not relieved by medical therapy, consisting in the administration of an average of 2.9 antihypertensive drugs per @entity1 . @entity8 were diagnosed in ten @entity1 (33.3%). The remaining twenty @entity1 (66.6%) had unilateral lesions, one of which involved a congenital single kidney, making a total of forty renal arteries affected by the disease. Surgical procedures consisted in @entity8 revascularization in thirty-one kidneys, in aneurysmectomy alone or associated with aorto-renal bypass in six cases, and in a nephrectomy as a single procedure in one case. Three kidneys were considered lost and were left untouched. There was no operative mortality. Evaluated between 1 and 173 months following the operation (mean 79 months/6.6 years) twenty-six @entity1 (86.6%) were classified as either cured or improved. Only two @entity1 (6.6%) did not get any improvement with the surgical treatment. Two @entity1 whose condition after the operation was considered satisfactory were lost to follow-up. The results of this experience are compared with other series published in the international literature, as well as with the percutaneous transluminal angioplasty which has been regarded as an alternative to arterial reconstructive surgery.

title: [The surgical treatment of XXXX . The immediate and late results].

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal artery', 'Bilateral renal artery lesions', 'renal artery fibrodysplasia']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['arterial hypertension']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['renal artery fibrodysplasia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Tissue factor (TF) expression by @entity5 contributes to @entity5 growth. Release of TF-positive microparticles (MPs) may contribute to @entity1211 ( @entity1211 ). OBJECTIVES: To conduct a prospective cohort study to determine whether elevated MP-associated TF (MP-TF) activity is predictive of @entity1211 and mortality in four @entity5 types. @entity1 /METHODS: We determined MP-TF activity in @entity14 @entity1 . We used a chromogenic endpoint assay for all @entity1 and also a chromogenic kinetic assay for @entity1 with @entity788 . RESULTS: During follow-up, 12/60 (20%) pancreatic, 6/43 (14%) gastric, 12/126 (10%) colorectal and 19/119 (16%) @entity1313 @entity1 developed @entity1211 ; 46/60 (77%), 30/43 (70%), 47/126 (37%) and 67/119 (56%), respectively, died. MP-TF activity levels were highest in @entity788 . We did not find a statistically significant association of MP-TF activity with the risk of @entity1211 in any of the four @entity5 types by using two statistical methods. An association of MP-TF activity with the risk of mortality was detected in @entity788 with the endpoint assay (hazard ratio [HR] 1.8 and 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.4-2.3 per doubling of activity, P < 0.001) and the kinetic assay (HR 1.2, 95% CI 1.1-1.4, P < 0.001); adjustment for type of treatment was not performed. In @entity788 , MP-TF activity correlated with D-dimer level (endpoint assay, r = 0.51; chromogenic assay, r = 0.48), and a correlation between assays (r = 0.61) was found. CONCLUSION: MP-TF activity was not associated with future @entity1211 in @entity14 . However, we found a strong association of MP-TF activity with mortality in @entity788 . MP-TF activity might be reflective of an aggressive @entity788 phenotype.

title: Microparticle-associated tissue factor activity, XXXX and mortality in @entity14 @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic and brain cancer', 'pancreatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['brain cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic, gastric, colorectal and brain cancer']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['VTE', 'venous thromboembolism']

answer: @entity1211 :: (MESH:D054556,Disease) :: ['venous thromboembolism']


abstract: AIM: To investigate risk factors for the development of @entity65 ( @entity65 ) and estimate the risk of @entity65 in @entity309 ( @entity309 ) @entity1 in accordance with EULAR recommendations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Outpatients with @entity309  <=85 years of age from a Danish hospital were invited to participate. @entity1 ' risk of @entity65 was calculated according to the SCORE system, based on total @entity165 /high-density lipoprotein (HDL) ratio, smoking habits, blood pressure, age and gender. The SCORE was adjusted based on disease duration, IgM-RF/anti-CCP positivity and the presence of extra-articular manifestations. Factors such as history of @entity65 , @entity101 or @entity6 ( @entity6 ), fasting @entity413 , exercise habits, body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference were explored. RESULTS: 836 @entity1 participated; 71.5% @entity1 ; mean (SD) age 64.3 years (12.0); 152 (19.1%) were already diagnosed with @entity65 and 74 (9.0%) with @entity6 . Among the 644 @entity1 without @entity65 or @entity6 , 158 (24.5%) were smokers, 229 (35.8%) had a systolic blood pressure >= 140, 397 (65.6%) total @entity165 >= 5.0 mM/L, 326 (55.4%) low-density lipoprotein @entity165 >= 3.0 mM/L, 18 (4.0%) @entity1 and 19 (12.1%) @entity1 had a HDL- @entity165 level below 1.2/1.0 mM/L. BMI was >25 in 409 (63.8%). Waist circumference was above 80/94 cm in 297 (63.3%) of female and 111 (63.8%) of male @entity1 , respectively, and 418 (64.9%) exercised  <=5 times a week. Among @entity1 without @entity6 , 14.3% had a fasting @entity413 >= 6.0 mmol/L. The SCORE was >= 5 in 122 (20.2%). They were referred to follow-up by their GP and community advice services. CONCLUSIONS: Systematic screening revealed several risk factors that needed medical follow-up or support to initiate lifestyle changes.

title: Results from systematic screening for XXXX in outpatients with @entity309 in accordance with the EULAR recommendations.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['DM', 'diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['CVD', 'cardiovascular death', 'cardiovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity65 :: (MESH:D002318,Disease) :: ['cardiovascular risk']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Injectable forms of anesthesia for nonsurgical facial rejuvenation, although efficacious, are uncomfortable for the @entity1 . Preclinical studies have demonstrated that laser pretreatment at low energies enhances absorption of topical @entity3303 . OBJECTIVES: The authors assess the safety and efficacy of laser-assisted transdermal delivery of topical anesthetic. METHOD: Ten @entity1 were split into 2 groups (A and B). All @entity1 received 15 g of BLT (20% @entity12022 , 6% @entity3303 , and 4% @entity6513 triple anesthetic cream) for 20 minutes with no occlusion. Then the cream was removed and the first blood draw taken. Group A @entity1 were pretreated with the full ablative laser and group B @entity1 with a fractional ablative laser to the full face. A further 15 g BLT was applied for another 20 minutes. Group A @entity1 then underwent full ablative laser treatment, and group B received fractionated ablative laser treatment. Blood draws were taken at 60, 90, 120, 180, and 240 minutes after the initial topical anesthetic application, and the serum was analyzed for @entity3303 and @entity17542 ( @entity17542 ) levels. @entity1 were asked to rate the @entity158 felt at intervals during the procedure. RESULTS: No @entity1 required supplemental @entity616 . @entity158 scores were equivalent at the end of the first pass for both groups (P = .436). Group A @entity1 had significantly lower @entity158 scores at the start of the second laser treatment (P = .045), but @entity158 scores became equivalent by the end (P = .323). Combined serum @entity3303 and MEGX levels were significantly higher in group A @entity1 up to 90 minutes (peak average of 0.61   g/mL for group A and 0.533   g/mL for group B; P = .0253), which corresponded to greater initial analgesic effect. CONCLUSIONS: Data from this study demonstrate that topical anesthetic for facial rejuvenation can be enhanced with laser pretreatment while maintaining safe blood serum levels. Further studies should examine optimal application amount and time to allow safe multipass facial rejuvenation without the need for invasive @entity616 .

title: Topical XXXX enhanced by laser pretreatment: a safe and effective method of analgesia for facial rejuvenation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity12022 :: ('MESH:D001566', 'Chemical') :: ['benzocaine']

entities_list: @entity17542 :: ('MESH:C001173', 'Chemical') :: ['monoethylglycinexylidide', 'MEGX']

entities_list: @entity6513 :: ('MESH:D013748', 'Chemical') :: ['tetracaine']

entities_list: @entity3303 :: ('MESH:D008012', 'Chemical') :: ['lidocaine']

entities_list: @entity616 :: ('MESH:D006327', 'Disease') :: ['nerve blocks']

answer: @entity3303 :: (MESH:D008012,Chemical) :: ['lidocaine']


abstract: Placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP) is anchored in the plasma membrane by a @entity4357 -glycan moiety (PI-glycan). PI-glycan is added posttranslationally to the nascent peptide chain after the removal of 29 @entity1522 from the @entity1473 -terminus. The contribution of selected @entity1473 -terminal @entity1522 to the signal for PI-glycan addition was tested by creating a fusion protein with the @entity1473 -terminus of PLAP and a secreted protein and by mutagenesis of specific PLAP @entity1473 -terminal @entity1522 . The cDNA encoding the @entity1473 -terminus of PLAP was fused in frame to the cDNA for @entity1 clotting Factor X and expressed in transfected COS-1 cells. Fusion proteins containing 32 @entity1522 of the PLAP @entity1473 -terminus were modified by PI-glycan addition. Thus, the signal for PI-glycan modification must reside in these @entity1522 . Next, the region between the hydrophobic domain and the cleavage site was examined for additional determinants. Mutations of the hydrophilic residues in the spacer region demonstrated that these @entity1522 do not contribute to the signal for PI-glycan addition. Deletion of @entity1522 in the spacer region prevented the addition of PI-glycan suggesting that the length of the spacer domain or the @entity1522 around the cleavage site are important determinants. Finally, we demonstrated that interruption of the hydrophobic domain by a charged residue prevents PI-glycan addition and results in a protein that is secreted into the medium. The finding that a single Leu to @entity534 substitution in the hydrophobic domain converts a PI-glycan anchored, membrane protein to a secreted protein suggests that an essential signal for the correct sorting of PI-glycan anchored proteins versus secreted proteins resides in the hydrophobic domain. Substitution of a charged @entity535 for a hydrophobic @entity535 may be a mechanism for producing membrane bound and secreted forms of the same protein.

title: Site-specific mutations in the @entity1473 -terminus of placental alkaline phosphatase: a single @entity535 change converts a XXXX -glycan-anchored protein to a secreted protein.

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity4357 :: ('MESH:D010716', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphatidylinositol']

answer: @entity4357 :: (MESH:D010716,Chemical) :: ['phosphatidylinositol']


abstract: Forty-eight @entity1 : 27 @entity1 and 21 @entity1 , with mean age of 36 +/- 14 years were operated on for @entity4595 from 1976 to 1989. In 20 cases @entity4595 was the sequelae of acute bronchopathy of childhood, 6 cases of @entity378 and 5 cases of inhalated foreign bodies. The @entity4595 was apparently primitive in 12 occasions. Five varied etiologies were found of which 2 @entity7893 . The anatomic extension of the lesions was precised in 47 cases by bronchography and CT scan in 6 cases, in 1 case with CT scan only. The lesions were bilateral in 5 cases. One pneumonectomy, 42 lobectomies (of which 10 bilobectomies) and 5 segmentectomies were performed. The operative mortality was nil. The morbidity (14 cases among 48, i.e. 29%) was not negligible and was comparable with the literature data. The evalued results for 36 @entity1 (mean post-operative follow-up: 54 +/- 58 months) showed that 24 @entity1 (67%) were asymptomatic, 34 have taken their normal professional activities.

title: [Surgery for XXXX . Operative indications and results. 48 observations].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity378 :: ('MESH:D014376', 'Disease') :: ['tuberculosis']

entities_list: @entity4595 :: ('MESH:D001987', 'Disease') :: ['bronchiectasis']

entities_list: @entity7893 :: ('MESH:D000361', 'Disease') :: ['congenital hypogammaglobulinemias']

answer: @entity4595 :: (MESH:D001987,Disease) :: ['bronchiectasis']


abstract: Spontaneous regression of @entity5 is rare and there appear to be no reports of spontaneous regression of @entity6019 . We report a rare case of metastatic @entity6019 that regressed spontaneously. A 58-year-old @entity1 was admitted to hospital in January 1996 when her chest radiograph showed multiple nodular shadows in the left lower lung field. Computed tomography of the chest revealed bilateral nodules. Segmentectomy of the left lower lobe was performed by thoracoscopy. She had a past history of uterine @entity1868 with @entity1867 for which she had undergone a hystero-oophorectomy 10 years earlier. She also had a @entity1127 removed 1 year earlier. The lung pathology was studied and the surgical specimens of the uterus and vagina were re-examined. The diagnosis was @entity6019 primarily arising in the uterus. The @entity1127 were considered to be @entity3 . Samples of lung and vaginal tissues were positive for both @entity172 and @entity1420 receptors. The @entity1 was discharged without treatment in February 1996 and followed up in the outpatient clinic. The @entity5 shadow measuring 2 mm in diameter on admission was enlarged to 4 mm in diameter 1 year later. Surprisingly, spontaneous regression of the @entity358 occurred at 33 months, the @entity5 size decreasing to 2 mm in diameter and to 1 mm at 46 months. No evidence of @entity5 enlargement was detected at the last follow-up in July 2001. Although the precise mechanism of @entity5 regression is unknown, metastatic @entity6019 may spontaneously regress.

title: Spontaneous regression of metastatic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity1127 :: ('MESH:D011127', 'Disease') :: ['vaginal polyp and the pulmonary nodules', 'vaginal polyp']

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'malignancy']

entities_list: @entity6019 :: ('MESH:D018203', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial stromal sarcoma']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['lung disease']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity1867 :: ('MESH:D008796', 'Disease') :: ['metrorrhagia']

answer: @entity6019 :: (MESH:D018203,Disease) :: ['endometrial stromal sarcoma']


abstract: Atypical @entity6794 ( @entity6794 ) and @entity7250 are neutrophilic dermatoses that share some common features. Sterile chronic recurrent @entity6275 is a rare association of these neutrophilic dermatoses that has only been reported in @entity1 . We report a 3-year-old @entity1 who initially presented with @entity158 in her left hand and right leg. Roentgenograms and bone scan revealed findings of @entity6275 affecting both femurs, the right tibia, left clavicle, right eighth @entity3161 , and left ulna. She was treated with antibiotics without improvement. Bone biopsy of the left ulna revealed histologic changes consistent with @entity4034 , however, all cultures for bacteria, mycobacteria, and fungi were negative. She subsequently developed an @entity1066 surrounded by a violaceous, undermined border at the site of the bone biopsy, which also did not improve during antibiotic treatment. A biopsy specimen from this lesion demonstrated a dense perivascular and periappendageal infiltrate of neutrophils within the dermis and @entity4 of the papillary dermis compatible with a @entity7250 . She was treated with oral @entity229 which resulted in resolution of @entity272 , @entity158 , and soft tissue swelling. This case further documents the association between @entity6794 or @entity7250 and @entity6275 .

title: Neutrophilic dermatosis-associated sterile chronic multifocal osteomyelitis in pediatric XXXX : case report and review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'girl']

entities_list: @entity6275 :: ('MESH:C535456', 'Disease') :: ['multifocal sterile osteomyelitis', 'multifocal osteomyelitis']

entities_list: @entity6794 :: ('MESH:D017511', 'Disease') :: ['pyoderma gangrenosum', 'PG']

entities_list: @entity4034 :: ('MESH:D010019', 'Disease') :: ['osteomyelitis']

entities_list: @entity7250 :: ('MESH:D016463', 'Disease') :: ['neutrophilic dermatosis', 'Sweet syndrome']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity3161 :: ('MESH:D020511', 'Disease') :: ['costochondral junction']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['bone pain', 'pain']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin lesions']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: @entity158 abdomen is a common pediatric complaint that brings @entity1 to the hospital in Nepal. Knowledge about its etiology and frequency helps in its evaluation and management. The present study was undertaken to find out the causes and their frequency of @entity158 abdomen in Nepali @entity1 . @entity1 with @entity158 abdomen presenting at the emergency room and pediatric outpatient department of Kathmandu Medical College, Kathmandu from January, 2006 to December 2007 were clinically evaluated and investigated to find out the causes and frequency of their @entity158 abdomen. The outcomes were tabulated and analyzed for interpretation. Of 444 @entity1 attended, 356 completed investigations and came for follow up. Cause of @entity158 abdomen was apparent in 117 (32.9%) only. 91.5% were medical causes, comprising predominantly of @entity5163 (28.3%), infantile colic (9.4%), @entity293 (7.7%) and acid peptic disease (6.8%). 8.5% causes were related to surgical conditions, which needed operative management. Secondary or extra-abdominal causes were found in 20 cases (17.1%). @entity55 (2), functional (5), @entity15231 (2) and infantile colic (11) were predominant causes. Our study showed that the causes of @entity158 abdomen in @entity1 were predominantly medical. @entity1902 was the most frequent cause. Secondary causes, including functional and emotional causes were infrequent. Small percentage needing surgical management formed a diagnostic challenge.

title: A study of abdominal pain in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'Children', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['Pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity1902 :: ('MESH:D005759', 'Disease') :: ['Gastroenteritis']

entities_list: @entity15231 :: ('MESH:D014848', 'Disease') :: ['vulvovaginitis']

entities_list: @entity293 :: ('MESH:D014552', 'Disease') :: ['urinary tract infection']

entities_list: @entity5163 :: ('MESH:D004403', 'Disease') :: ['diarrheal diseases']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: PURPOSE: To review the long-term duration of @entity5 complete remission (CR) and @entity1 survival following therapeutic hyperthermic isolated limb perfusion (ILP) with cytotoxic drugs for @entity320 . METHODS: A retrospective case series of 124 ILPs performed in 111 @entity1 . RESULTS: There were 120 assessable ILPs. @entity1 staging (M.D. Anderson system) was stage II 11.7%, stage IIIA 44.2%, stage IIIAB 33.3%, and stage IV 10.8%. CR was initially attained after 83 ILPs (69.2%) and partial remission (PR) after 19 ILPs (15.8%). Limb CR was maintained in 28 (33.7%) of the 83 cases. Disease recurred in the perfused limb after an initial CR in the remaining 55 cases (median time to recurrence, 11 months); in 19 of these cases, the limb was disease-free at last follow-up after further locoregional treatment. A long-term CR was achieved, with or without further treatment, in 47 (56.6%) of the 83 cases in which an initial CR had occurred (mean follow-up, 97 months; median, 65 months). There was no significant difference in long-term local remission for stage IIIA and IIIAB @entity1 . Five-year survival for those who had a partial or no response to ILP was 7%. Ten-year survival for those who had a long-term CR was 49%. CONCLUSIONS: ILP, with or without further locoregional treatment, achieved long-term control of recurrent and metastatic limb disease in 56.6% of cases in which an initial CR was achieved. A complete response to ILP was a positive prognostic indicator for survival, probably reflecting more favorable @entity5 biology in this subset of @entity1 .

title: Long-term results of hyperthermic, isolated limb perfusion for @entity320 : a reflection of XXXX biology.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['limb tumor', 'tumor']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumor']