abstract: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the anterior limb of the internal capsule has been shown to be beneficial in the short term for @entity3119 ( @entity3119 ) @entity1 who exhaust conventional therapies. Nuttin et al, who published the first DBS for @entity3119 series, found promising results using a capsule target immediately rostral to the anterior commissure extending into adjacent ventral capsule/ventral striatum (VC/VS). Published long-term outcome data are limited to four @entity1 . In this collaborative study, 10 adult @entity3119 @entity1 meeting stringent criteria for severity and treatment resistance had quadripolar stimulating leads implanted bilaterally in the VC/VS. DBS was activated openly 3 weeks later. Eight @entity1 have been followed for at least 36 months. Group Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (YBOCS) scores decreased from 34.6+/-0.6 (mean+/-SEM) at baseline (severe) to 22.3+/-2.1 (moderate) at 36 months (p < 0.001). Four of eight @entity1 had a > or =35% decrease in YBOCS severity at 36 months; in two @entity1 , scores declined between 25 and 35%. Global Assessment of Functioning scores improved from 36.6+/-1.5 at baseline to 53.8+/-2.5 at 36 months (p < 0.001). @entity308 and @entity148 also improved, as did self-care, independent living, and work, school, and social functioning. Surgical adverse effects included an asymptomatic @entity548 , a single @entity410 , and a superficial infection. Psychiatric adverse effects included transient hypomanic symptoms, and worsened @entity308 and @entity3119 when DBS was interrupted by stimulator battery depletion. This open study found promising long-term effects of DBS in highly treatment-resistant @entity3119 .

title: Three-year outcomes in deep brain stimulation for highly resistant XXXX .

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity3119 :: ('MESH:D009771', 'Disease') :: ['obsessive-compulsive disorder', 'OCD']

answer: @entity3119 :: (MESH:D009771,Disease) :: ['obsessive-compulsive disorder']


abstract: This double-blind, randomized study evaluated the effect of @entity594 on restenosis after coronary angioplasty. Two hundred forty-one @entity1 with dilation of 271 coronary sites were randomized at the time of hospital discharge to receive @entity594 , 10 mg (123 @entity1 ), or placebo (118 @entity1 ) four times daily for 6 months. No @entity1 was known to have @entity3361 . The mean duration of therapy was 4.4 +/- 2 (mean +/- SD) months for @entity594 and 4.3 +/- 2 months for placebo. A restudy angiogram was available in 100 @entity1 (81%) in the @entity594 group and 98 @entity1 (83%) in the placebo group. A recurrent @entity3979 was noted in 28% of @entity1 in the @entity594 group and in 29.5% of those in the placebo group (p = NS). The mean diameter @entity850 was 36.4 +/- 23% for the @entity594 group and 36.7 +/- 23% for the placebo group (p = NS). By pill count, 78% of @entity1 receiving @entity594 and 82% of those receiving placebo complied with the study drug regimen. @entity3979 recurred in 33% of @entity1 in the placebo group and in 29% of @entity1 in the @entity594 group who complied with the regimen and had angiograms (p = NS). In conclusion, the study did not demonstrate a significant beneficial effect of @entity594 on the incidence of recurrent @entity850 after successful percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty.

title: Effect of @entity594 on recurrent XXXX after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3361 :: ('MESH:D003329', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery spasm']

entities_list: @entity3979 :: ('MESH:D023921', 'Disease') :: ['coronary stenosis', 'Coronary stenosis']

entities_list: @entity594 :: ('MESH:D009543', 'Chemical') :: ['nifedipine']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

answer: @entity850 :: (MESH:D003251,Disease) :: ['stenosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To develop a predictive system for the occurrence of @entity55 in @entity1 who had cardiac surgery performed. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study.Setting. Two cardiologic tertiary care hospitals in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. @entity1 : Between June 2000 and August 2002, there were 1,158 consecutive @entity1 who had complex heart surgery performed. @entity1 older than 18 years who survived the first 48 postoperative hours were included in the study. The occurrence of @entity55 was diagnosed through active surveillance by an infectious diseases specialist according to the following criteria: the presence of new infiltrate on a radiograph in association with purulent sputum and either @entity221 or @entity491 until day 10 after cardiac surgery. Predictive models were built on the basis of logistic regression analysis and classification and regression tree ( @entity18527 ) analysis. The original data set was divided randomly into 2 parts, one used to construct the models (ie, "test sample") and the other used for validation (ie, "validation sample"). RESULTS: The area under the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve was 69% for the logistic regression model and 76% for the @entity18527 model. Considering a probability greater than 7% to be predictive of @entity55 for both models, sensitivity was higher for the logistic regression models, compared with the @entity18527 models (64% vs 56%). However, the @entity18527 models had a higher specificity (92% vs 70%) and global accuracy (90% vs 70%) than the logistic regression models. Both models showed good performance, based on the 2-graph ROC, considering that 84.6% and 84.3% of the predictions obtained by regression and @entity18527 analyses were regarded as valid. CONCLUSION: Although our findings are preliminary, the predictive models we created showed fairly good specificity and fair sensitivity.

title: Predictive factors for XXXX onset after cardiac surgery in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['nosocomial pneumonia', 'pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity491 :: ('MESH:D007964', 'Disease') :: ['leukocytosis']

answer: @entity55 :: (MESH:D011014,Disease) :: ['pneumonia']


abstract: @entity2835 ( @entity2835 ) or chronic non-suppurative destructive cholangiohepatitis is rare in southern Africa. Eight @entity1 with this diagnosis were identified and fully investigated at Groote Schuur Hospital between 1980 and 1988. Seven @entity1 were female, all were white or coloured, and their ages ranged from 49 years to 80 years. All @entity1 presented with a history of malaise, @entity1295 , night sweats and @entity111 , which had been present for 3 months--12 years before diagnosis of @entity2835 . Initial misdiagnosis had resulted in unnecessary invasive investigations including laparotomies. Signs of @entity409 , such as xantholasmas, evidence of @entity111 , the @entity10632 or @entity382 , were invariably present. Marked elevation of serum alkaline phosphatase level and IgM were present in all cases. Antimitochondrial antibodies were positive in significant titre in 7 of the 8 @entity1 . Liver biopsies demonstrated @entity5 in all @entity1 . Therapy was chiefly supportive and symptomatic although most @entity1 received immunosuppressive agents. Despite the late presentation, the subsequent course was similar to that seen elsewhere where @entity1 are recognised earlier.

title: XXXX . A retrospective survey at Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town.

entities_list: @entity2835 :: ('MESH:D008105', 'Disease') :: ['Primary biliary cirrhosis', 'PBC']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['stage II-III disease']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['chronic liver disease']

entities_list: @entity111 :: ('MESH:D011537', 'Disease') :: ['pruritus']

entities_list: @entity382 :: ('MESH:D006529', 'Disease') :: ['hepatomegaly']

entities_list: @entity10632 :: ('MESH:D012859', 'Disease') :: ['sicca syndrome']

answer: @entity2835 :: (MESH:D008105,Disease) :: ['Primary biliary cirrhosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4240 ( @entity4240 ), an @entity74 , is one of the more severe forms of the epidermolysis bullosa @entity3918 group, and is characterized by generalized blistering of the skin and mucous membranes. @entity957 is one of the most serious complications of this disease. METHODS: We report four @entity1 (three females and one male), two of whom were under 20 years of age, suffering from @entity4240 . RESULTS: All @entity1 developed well-differentiated @entity957 . No @entity3 were detected. All cases were treated surgically. Fatal evolution was noted in one @entity1 . A second @entity5 was detected in another @entity1 during the follow-up period. No further @entity5 or @entity3 were observed in the other @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Regular clinical and histologic examination of any nodular lesions or non healing ulcers of all @entity1 suffering from @entity4240 to detect an @entity5 is recommended.

title: @entity957 complicating XXXX : a report of four cases.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'early malignancy', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma', 'Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity4240 :: ('MESH:D016108', 'Disease') :: ['RDEB', 'Recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa', 'RDEB-Hallopeau-Siemens']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['autosomal-recessive genodermatosis']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity3918 :: ('MESH:D009223', 'Disease') :: ['dystrophica']

answer: @entity4240 :: (MESH:D016108,Disease) :: ['recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa-Hallopeau-Siemens']


abstract: PURPOSE: We reviewed our 14-year experience with successful single endoscopic subureteral @entity736 injection for the treatment of primary @entity3025 in @entity1 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the charts of 42 @entity1 with primary @entity3025 who were treated with a single successful subureteral @entity736 injection between 1989 and 1993 and followed with routine 1, 3 and 10-year voiding cystourethrography. RESULTS: The study included 30 @entity1 and 12 @entity1 2 to 14 years old (median age 6 years). Four @entity1 were lost to followup. Of the 38 remaining @entity1 28 had unilateral and 10 had bilateral primary @entity3025 . Endoscopic treatment with subureteral @entity736 injection was performed in 48 ureters. Followup ranged from 10 to 14 years (mean 12.5+/-2.1). Voiding cystourethrography in 38 @entity1 and 48 ureters revealed that 35 ureters (73%) remained free of reflux, whereas reflux recurred in 13 (27%) at a median of 2 years. Of these 13 ureters recurring reflux was grade I to II in 5 and grade III to V in 8. Reflux recurred in 11 of 24 ureters with grade IV to V reflux. Of the 13 recurrences 10 presented as febrile urinary tract infections and only 3 grade I recurrences were detected on voiding cystourethrography alone. No untoward effects were seen in any of these @entity1 with injection of @entity736 . CONCLUSIONS: Long-term followup may be warranted after a single successful endoscopic injection for @entity3025 , particularly high grade reflux. However, followup voiding cystourethrography is unnecessary in @entity1 presenting with febrile urinary tract infection.

title: Durability of a single successful endoscopic XXXX injection for primary @entity3025 : 14-year followup results.

entities_list: @entity3025 :: ('MESH:D014718', 'Disease') :: ['vesicoureteral reflux']

entities_list: @entity736 :: ('CHEBI:53251', 'Chemical') :: ['polytetrafluoroethylene']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'girls', 'boys']

answer: @entity736 :: (CHEBI:53251,Chemical) :: ['polytetrafluoroethylene']


abstract: Background and Aim. In the @entity29 ( @entity29 ), many symptoms are similar to the @entity2383 @entity1744 ( @entity1744 ). A challenge is thus to distinguish symptoms of @entity8787 from @entity1744 . The aim of this study was to investigate the levels of calprotectin in @entity1744 -positive @entity8787 @entity1 in remission. Methods. Remission was defined as a simple clinical @entity1960 activity index (SCCAI) or simple @entity30 activity index (SCDAI) score of less than three and less than four, respectively. The Rome II criteria were used to identify cases, and the calprotectin ELISA test was used to quantify @entity1190 in stools. Results. The Rome II criteria were fulfilled in 24.6% of @entity31 ( @entity31 ) @entity1 , while the comparable number for @entity30 ( @entity30 ) was 21.4%. There was a tendency for elevated fecal calprotectin levels in @entity1744 -positive @entity1 , regardless of diagnosis. However, these differences were only significant in @entity30 . Conclusions. Calprotectin levels are elevated in subgroups of @entity8787 @entity1 that are in remission and have coexisting @entity1744 -like symptoms. This study underscores the clinical usefulness of a noninvasive marker to distinguish @entity1 in need of intensified followup from those that do not need further workup.

title: Calprotectin Is a Useful Tool in Distinguishing Coexisting Irritable Bowel-Like Symptoms from That of Occult Inflammation among XXXX @entity1 in Remission.

entities_list: @entity1190 :: ('MESH:D039841', 'Chemical') :: ['calprotectin']

entities_list: @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative colitis', 'UC']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ["crohn's disease", 'CD', "Crohn's disease"]

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['IBDs', 'inflammatory bowel diseases']

entities_list: @entity1744 :: ('MESH:D043183', 'Disease') :: ['irritable bowel syndrome', 'IBS']

entities_list: @entity2383 :: ('MESH:D028361', 'Disease') :: ['functional disorder']

answer: @entity29 :: (MESH:D015212,Disease) :: ['Inflammatory Bowel Disease']


abstract: This report documents, for the first time, to the authors' knowledge, the therapeutic use in @entity1 of low energy, electromagnetic fields pulsing in the extremely low frequency (E.L.F.) range. These fields, established outside the body, were used to treat congenital and acquired @entity1516 and non-unions. Energy of this type appears to affect biological processes, not through heat production, but through electrically-induced changes in the environment of cells within the organism. Of the 29 @entity1 included in the study, 17 had experienced at least one failure of surgical repair and, in each of these, amputation had been recommended. The overall success rate, including those @entity1 treated with inadequate pulse characteristics and those who failed to follow the protocol, was in excess of 70 per cent. Improvements in the specificity of pulse characteristics hold promise for increasing the rate of success. The simple, clinical methodology, which is conducted on an out- @entity1 basis, appears to be both safe and effective. It can be applied with or without surgery. This approach requires additional controlled investigations before it is ready for general use in the orthopaedic community. The indications for amputation of surgically-resistant @entity1516 , however, should be reassessed. The principles and technology, which have been established during this endeavor, may have physiologic and practical significance for processes other than @entity1516 and non-union.

title: A non-operative salvage of surgically-resistant XXXX and non-unions by pulsing electromagnetic fields. A preliminary report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1516 :: ('MESH:D011542', 'Disease') :: ['pseudarthrosis', 'pseudarthroses']

answer: @entity1516 :: (MESH:D011542,Disease) :: ['pseudarthroses']


abstract: @entity99 is a well-recognized clinical complication of @entity409 . About 30% of @entity1 with @entity82 die in @entity5693 . @entity99 can occur in @entity1 with fulminant @entity409 without evidence of portal-systemic shunting. These @entity1 have @entity428 and @entity2657 with a deleterious clinical course and poor prognosis unless liver transplantation is available. The pathogenesis of @entity99 probably is multifactorial, although the predominant causative agent appears to be @entity3265 . The molecular basis of @entity2359 of @entity3265 or other agents implicated in the condition is poorly understood. Therapy includes timely recognition and correction of precipitating factors. Once the condition is manifested, standard therapy is acute administration of @entity11884 , a disaccharide that is undigested in the small intestine. Its beneficial action is not fully understood. The use of oral antibiotics and BCAAs is of some benefit in @entity1 who do not respond to @entity11884 . Limitation of protein in the diet may be useful for short periods but is not recommended for long-term use because of potential worsening of already poor nutrition. Several experimental therapies based on potential pathogenetic mechanisms have not resulted in improved outcomes over standard therapy with @entity11884 . However, future research will likely focus on the correction of alterations in neurotransmission. It is hoped that newer therapies will provide protection from the putative neurotoxins that cause secondary defects in neurotransmission.

title: @entity99 . Metabolic consequence of XXXX often is reversible.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity5693 :: ('MESH:D006501', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic coma']

entities_list: @entity2657 :: ('MESH:D001929', 'Disease') :: ['brain edema']

entities_list: @entity11884 :: ('MESH:D007792', 'Chemical') :: ['lactulose']

entities_list: @entity428 :: ('MESH:D019586', 'Disease') :: ['increased intracranial pressure']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['chronic liver disease', 'liver disease']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['portal-systemic hepatic encephalopathy', 'Hepatic encephalopathy']

entities_list: @entity2359 :: ('MESH:D020258', 'Disease') :: ['neurotoxicity']

answer: @entity82 :: (MESH:D005355,Disease) :: ['cirrhosis']


abstract: The objective of this study was to produce @entity7049 ( @entity1989 ) microspheres containing @entity291 insulin as a sparingly water soluble model drug using a water-in-oil-in-water (w/o/w) emulsion solvent evaporation method. The preparative conditions were optimized. Employment of smaller internal aqueous phase volume (50 microliters or 100 microliters) in the manufacturing process, resulted in the high loading efficiency (over 95% of theoretical insulin loading efficiency). The addition of 10% (w/v) @entity1219 to the external aqueous phase (0.5% @entity4832 solution) reduced loading efficiency compared to the case where no @entity1219 was added to the external phase. The mean volume diameter for prepared @entity1989 microspheres was in the region of 15-25 microns in all cases. @entity1989 microspheres containing 5% and 10% insulin theoretically exhibited burst release in the initial stage. After a three week dissolution test, the surface of the microspheres became more porous due to the degradable characteristics of @entity1989 polymer itself. Nevertheless, about 80% of the insulin still remained undegraded in @entity1989 microspheres. Finally, insulin-loaded @entity1989 microspheres (corresponding to 4 I.U. insulin) were administered to normal @entity35 subcutaneously, and the pharmacological effect (a decrease in serum @entity413 level) was demonstrated.

title: Preparation and characterization of XXXX microspheres containing @entity291 insulin by a w/o/w emulsion solvent evaporation method.

entities_list: @entity4832 :: ('MESH:D011142', 'Chemical') :: ['polyvinyl alcohol']

entities_list: @entity7049 :: ('MESH:C010506', 'Chemical') :: ['polylactic acid']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity7049 :: (MESH:C010506,Chemical) :: ['polylactic acid']


abstract: @entity455 is the consequence of @entity455 , and the retina is the only place where the arteries can be visualized directly. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the predictive value of @entity989 for carotid artery @entity731 . From December 2009 to January 2011, the carotid @entity121 ( @entity121 ) and total plaque area (TPA) were measured in 179 consecutive @entity1 , who received a fundoscopic examination. The @entity1 were divided into groups as follows: normal retinal artery (normal; n = 44), @entity6 ( @entity6 ; n = 25), @entity732 ( @entity732 ; n = 17), @entity2994 ( @entity2994 ; n = 67), and @entity101 @entity989 (HTN-R; n = 26). The subjects were classified according to the presence of an increased (>=  1 mm) @entity121 and plaque. The values of the mean carotid @entity121 in the @entity1 with @entity455 ( @entity6 , 0.87    0.14 mm; @entity732 , 1.18    0.47 mm; @entity2994 , 0.84    0.14 mm; HTN-R, 0.90    0.20 mm) were significantly increased compared with those in the normal subjects (0.77    0.13 mm). A total 77 of 135 @entity455 @entity1 demonstrated an increased @entity121 (57 %), and 97 @entity455 @entity1 had @entity543 (72 %). The relative risk of @entity455 in the prediction of an increased @entity121 and the presence of plaque was 2.79 and 3.95, respectively. Although The TPA was significantly increased in the @entity1 with @entity732 (1.87    2.67 cm(2)) and @entity2994 (0.27    0.23 cm(2)) compared with the normal subjects (0.18    0.23 cm(2), all Ps < 0.05), there was no significant difference in the ipsilateral carotid @entity121 and @entity865 of the affected eye compared with that of the contralateral eye. In conclusion, @entity455 demonstrated a good predictive value in identifying asymptomatic carotid artery @entity731 , and this was not confined to the ipsilateral carotid artery of the affected eye. Further recommendations with regard to @entity2998 screening in @entity1 with @entity455 should be considered.

title: The predictive value of @entity989 for carotid artery @entity731 : are further recommendations with regard to XXXX screening needed?

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular disease', 'Vascular retinopathy', 'vascular retinopathy']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['DR', 'diabetic retinopathy']

entities_list: @entity2994 :: ('MESH:D012170', 'Disease') :: ['retinal vein occlusion', 'RVO']

entities_list: @entity2998 :: ('MESH:D002340', 'Disease') :: ['carotid atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['retinopathy', 'retinal vascular findings']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity732 :: ('MESH:D015356', 'Disease') :: ['RAO', 'retinal artery occlusion']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['IMT', 'intima-media thickness']

entities_list: @entity543 :: ('MESH:D016893', 'Disease') :: ['carotid artery plaque']

answer: @entity2998 :: (MESH:D002340,Disease) :: ['carotid atherosclerosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Several studies report reduced aerobic capacity in @entity1 with @entity239 ( @entity239 ). The purpose of our study was to investigate whether a reduction in aerobic capacity in these @entity1 is accompanied by alterations in metabolic rate and heart rate (HR) response. METHOD: Twelve @entity1 with @entity239 and 12 healthy controls (HCs) matched on sex and age, and with similar leisure time physical activity, participated in the study. All subjects performed an incremental submaximal cycle ergometer test to anaerobic threshold [ @entity1129 ; i.e. blood @entity880 concentration (bLa) >=  4 mmol/L], followed by a stepwise test to exhaustion to estimate maximal @entity26 consumption (VO(2max)). RESULTS: @entity26 consumption and workload were lower among @entity1 than HCs both at @entity1129 and at termination of the VO(2max) test (p < 0.011 for all comparisons). Two @entity1 (18%) and nine HCs (75%) reached VO(2max) criteria. The relationship between metabolic rate and workload did not differ between groups at exercise below @entity1129 . At exercise above @entity1129 , the metabolic rate increased disproportionally to workload in the @entity1 . Although the @entity1 had a higher anaerobic contribution to the total metabolic rate at the end of the submaximal test, the anaerobic contribution at the end of the maximal test did not differ between groups. HR responses were largely similar between groups. CONCLUSIONS: The current study indicates that @entity1 with @entity239 have similar metabolic and cardiovascular responses to submaximal exercise as HCs. However, these @entity1 have reduced ability to reach VO(2max) and a possible deficit in the metabolic system when exercising above the @entity1129 .

title: Metabolic rate, cardiac response, and aerobic capacity in XXXX : a case-control study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity239 :: ('MESH:D005356', 'Disease') :: ['fibromyalgia', 'FM']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen', 'Oxygen']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

answer: @entity239 :: (MESH:D005356,Disease) :: ['fibromyalgia']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate objective and subjective outcomes of @entity1 undergoing laparoscopic repair of @entity357 , either with or without resorbable mesh augmentation. The primary outcome of the study was anatomical recurrence rate as measured by endoscopy. Secondary outcomes were safety, efficacy, and long-term quality of life. METHODS: This was an observational cohort study. @entity1 who underwent laparoscopic repair of large (>= 5  cm) @entity357 were included. Criteria of exclusion were previously failed @entity357 repair and emergency procedures. @entity1 were stratified into mesh group (mesh-augmented crura repair plus fundoplication) and non-mesh group (standard crura repair plus fundoplication). Preoperative and postoperative symptoms were assessed using the GERD-HRQL questionnaire. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was routinely performed between 6 and 12  months postoperatively and was repeated over the follow-up every 1-2  years or as needed. Anatomical @entity547 recurrence was defined as the maximum vertical length of stomach being at least 2  cm above the diaphragm. RESULTS: A total of 84 @entity1 , 41 in the mesh group and 43 in the non-mesh group, operated between October 2009 and October 2014, were included in the study. All surgical procedures were completed laparoscopically. The median follow-up was 24 (IQR 29) months. There were 12 endoscopic recurrences, 4 in the mesh group and 8 in the non-mesh group. The five-year recurrence-free probability was similar in the two groups, but an earlier failure rate was noted in the non-mesh group at 12  months (p  =  0.299). Three of the 12 @entity1 with anatomical recurrence were symptomatic but did not require a reoperation. Univariate Cox proportional hazard analysis indicated that Toupet fundoplication may reduce the recurrence rate compared to Nissen fundoplication. No mesh-related complications occurred. CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopic repair of @entity357 is effective and durable. Crura reinforcement with a resorbable synthetic mesh is safe and may protect from early anatomical recurrence.

title: Laparoscopic management of large XXXX : five-year cohort study and comparison of mesh-augmented versus standard crura repair.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity357 :: ('MESH:D006551', 'Disease') :: ['large hiatal hernia', 'type III hiatal hernia', 'hiatus hernia']

answer: @entity357 :: (MESH:D006551,Disease) :: ['hiatus hernia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Several links have been established between the @entity1 gut microbiome and conditions such as @entity28 and @entity29 . This highlights the importance of understanding what properties of the gut microbiome can affect the health of the @entity1 host. Studies have been undertaken to determine the species composition of this microbiome and infer functional profiles associated with such host properties. However, lateral gene transfer ( @entity5053 ) between community members may result in misleading taxonomic attributions for the recipient organisms, thus making species-function links difficult to establish. RESULTS: We identified a peptides/ @entity3406 transport complex whose components differed in abundance based upon levels of host @entity28 , and assigned the encoded proteins to members of the microbial community. Each protein was assigned to several distinct taxonomic groups, with moderate levels of agreement observed among different proteins in the complex. Phylogenetic trees of these proteins produced clusters that differed greatly from taxonomic attributions and indicated that habitat-directed @entity5053 of this complex is likely to have occurred, though not always between the same partners. CONCLUSIONS: These findings demonstrate that certain membrane transport systems may be an important factor within an obese-associated gut microbiome and that such complexes may be acquired several times by different strains of the same species. Additionally, an example of individual proteins from different organisms being transferred into one operon was observed, potentially demonstrating a functional complex despite the donors of the subunits being taxonomically disparate. Our results also highlight the potential impact of habitat-directed @entity5053 on the resident microbiota.

title: Lateral gene transfer of an ABC transporter complex between major constituents of the XXXX gut microbiome.

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel syndrome']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: @entity375 , @entity375 , can adapt to growth under severe @entity26 limitation. Two regulatory systems are described here that control this adaptation. The first involves a @entity1446 -dependent repression mechanism. Cells sense @entity519 through the inability to maintain @entity26 -dependent @entity1446 biosynthesis. Under aerobic conditions, @entity1446 accumulates and serves as an effector for the transcriptional activator @entity43541 . The @entity1446 - @entity43541 complex activates transcription of the @entity43542 gene that encodes a repressor of one set of @entity519 genes. Under @entity519 conditions, @entity1446 levels fall, and a @entity1446 -deficient @entity43541 complex represses @entity43542 expression. As a consequence, the @entity519 genes are derepressed. The second regulatory system activates gene expression in response to a variety of stress conditions, including @entity26 limitation. @entity26 sensing in this system is @entity1446 -independent. The same DNA sequence mediates transcriptional activation of each stress signal.

title: Regulation of XXXX gene expression in @entity375 .

entities_list: @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxic', 'hypoxia']

entities_list: @entity375 :: ('4932', 'Species') :: ["Baker's yeast", 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae']

answer: @entity519 :: (MESH:D000860,Disease) :: ['hypoxic']


abstract: PURPOSE: To describe a custom bifurcated stent-graft for possible treatment of @entity1028 ( @entity1028 ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Five male @entity1 (mean age, 76 +/- 6 years), who had @entity1028 (mean diameter, 4.7 +/- 0.4 cm) and who were considered to be at high risk for conventional surgery, were treated with a custom modular bifurcated stent-graft constructed with bifurcated 24-mm x 12-mm (upper body diameter x iliac limb diameter) Cooley Veri-Soft Woven polyester grafts and Gianturco-R  sch Z stents. The stent-graft body was delivered through 20-22-F sheaths, and the contralateral iliac limb was delivered through a 16-F sheath by means of surgical exposure of the common femoral arteries. A flared distal limb extender (12 mm to 14 mm) was created for one @entity1 to accommodate a large common iliac artery. RESULTS: Stent-grafts were successfully deployed without complications in all five @entity1 . There were no proximal or distal leaks. A lumbar-to-inferior mesenteric artery leak was seen in one @entity1 at 24 hours. At 6-month follow-up, all devices were intact, with complete exclusion and shrinkage of the @entity439 in four of five @entity1 . @entity439 size remained stable in the one @entity1 with a lumbar-to-inferior mesenteric artery leak. CONCLUSION: A custom, bifurcated stent-graft was utilized for endovascular treatment of @entity1028 . Long-term follow-up is necessary for the device.

title: Custom bifurcated stent-graft for XXXX : initial experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm', 'Aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity1028 :: ('MESH:D017544', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal aortic aneurysm', 'AAA']

answer: @entity1028 :: (MESH:D017544,Disease) :: ['abdominal aortic aneurysms']


abstract: The effects of various GABAA and GABAB receptor agonists and antagonists on electrically induced contractions of detrusor strips from @entity840 urinary bladder dome were investigated by using both supra and submaximal parameters of stimulation. In supramaximally stimulated preparations @entity1246 (1 mM) inhibited amplitude of contractions. This effect was mimicked, to a lesser degree, by the selective GABAB receptor agonist, @entity1772 (0.1 mM). Exposure to @entity1772 reduced markedly the effects of a subsequent challenge with @entity1246 . The GABAA receptor agonists, @entity6341 (0.3 mM) and @entity27201 (1 mM), produced a slight inhibition of contractions and reduced the effects of a subsequent challenge with @entity1246 . The selective GABAA receptor antagonist, @entity5094 (0.1 mM), had a slight, but significant, antagonistic effect toward @entity1246 , but had no effect against @entity1772 . @entity1246 inhibition of supramaximally stimulated contractions was partly reduced by previous exposure to @entity3897 (3 microM) or to the putative P2-purinoreceptor antagonist, reactive blue 2 (0.3 mM) as well as by desensitization of P2-purinoreceptors produced by the stable @entity855 analogue @entity33268 (APPCP). @entity1246 inhibition was unaffected by @entity5521 (0.2 microM), @entity1169 (0.3 microM) or @entity4033 (10 microM). The inhibition produced by @entity3897 plus reactive blue 2 or APPCP desensitization was additive or more than additive. In submaximally stimulated preparations @entity1246 (0.01-1 mM) produced a transient, concentration related enhancement of amplitude of contractions. This effect was mimicked by either @entity6341 (0.3 mM) or @entity27201 (1 mM) but not by @entity1772 (0.1 mM). A cross desensitization could be observed between the effects of @entity6341 or @entity27201 on one hand and @entity1246 on the other, but not between @entity1772 and @entity1246 . @entity5094 (0.03-0.1 mM) produced a concentration dependent antagonism of a noncompetitive type against the excitatory effect of @entity1246 in submaximally stimulated preparations. Previous exposure to either @entity3897 (3 microM), @entity5521 (0.2 microM) or @entity4033 (10 microM) failed to affect @entity1246 induced enhancement of submaximally stimulated contractions. On the other hand the effects of @entity1246 were reduced by reactive blue 2 (0.1-0.9 mM) or by desensitization of P2-purinoreceptors. In preparations exposed to @entity1022 ( @entity4524 , 0.3 microM), field stimulation induced contractions are attributable to a direct excitation of smooth muscle cells. Under these conditions @entity1246 (1 mM) was ineffective, indicating that, in the absence of @entity4524 , it affects the excitability of neural elements in the bladder wall.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: GABAA and GABAB receptors in detrusor strips from XXXX bladder dome.

entities_list: @entity1169 :: ('MESH:D011433', 'Chemical') :: ['propranolol']

entities_list: @entity4033 :: ('MESH:D018738', 'Chemical') :: ['hexamethonium']

entities_list: @entity27201 :: ('MESH:C001355', 'Chemical') :: ['homotaurine']

entities_list: @entity6341 :: ('MESH:D009118', 'Chemical') :: ['muscimol']

entities_list: @entity5521 :: ('MESH:D010646', 'Chemical') :: ['phentolamine']

entities_list: @entity1022 :: ('MESH:D013779', 'Chemical') :: ['tetrodotoxin']

entities_list: @entity5094 :: ('MESH:D010852', 'Chemical') :: ['picrotoxin', 'Picrotoxin']

entities_list: @entity3897 :: ('MESH:D001285', 'Chemical') :: ['atropine']

entities_list: @entity33268 :: ('MESH:C005147', 'Chemical') :: ['beta-gamma-methylene ATP']

answer: @entity840 :: (10141,Species) :: ['guinea-pig']


abstract: Five novel endospore-forming, @entity1568 -fixing bacterial strains were isolated from the rhizosphere soils of plants of the species Sabina squamata, Weigela florida and Zanthoxylum simulans. A phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that the five strains formed a distinct cluster within the genus Paenibacillus. These novel strains showed the highest levels (96.2-98.2 %) of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with Paenibacillus azotofixans. However, the DNA-DNA relatedness between these novel strains and P. azotofixans was 12.9-29.5 %. The DNA G+C contents of the five strains were found to be 51.9-52.9 mol%. Phenotypic analyses showed that a significant feature of the novel strains (differentiating them from P. azotofixans and other Paenibacillus species) is that all of them were unable to produce acid and gas from various @entity3363 such as @entity413 , @entity969 , @entity1132 and @entity948 . Anteiso-branched C(15 : 0) was the major @entity844 present in the novel type strain. On the basis of these data, the five novel strains represent a novel species of the genus Paenibacillus, for which the name Paenibacillus sabinae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is T27(T) (=CCBAU 10202(T)=DSM 17841(T)).

title: Paenibacillus sabinae sp. nov., a XXXX -fixing species isolated from the rhizosphere soils of shrubs.

entities_list: @entity844 :: ('CHEBI:35366', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen']

entities_list: @entity3363 :: ('MESH:D002241', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrates']

entities_list: @entity948 :: ('MESH:D005632', 'Chemical') :: ['fructose']

entities_list: @entity969 :: ('MESH:D013395', 'Chemical') :: ['sucrose']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity1568 :: (MESH:D009584,Chemical) :: ['nitrogen']


abstract: This is a retrospective study on the use of @entity2592 at low doses in @entity3052 in 41 @entity1 . Four groups of @entity3052 are included: group A: 19 cases of de novo @entity3052 in elderly @entity1 ; group B: ten cases of @entity3052 in relapse; group C: five cases of @entity3052 refractory to previous treatment and group D: seven cases of secondary @entity3052 . @entity2592 was given subcutaneously at the dose of 10 mg/m2 of body surface, for 21 days per month for the first course; then 15 days per month for the following courses. The response rates were 42, 20, 0, and 43% respectively for the A, B, C, and D groups. A complete remission was attained in only 15% (six @entity1 ). Extra haematological tolerance was excellent. Infection complications were noted in 66%, whereas a severe @entity1398 was observed in 34% of @entity1 . @entity548 were more rare (20% of @entity1 ). The mean duration of complete remission was 10 months. The median survival was 10.5 months (2 to 31 months) for the responder @entity1 , and 2.4 months (1 to 7 months) for the non-responders. @entity2592 at low doses seems to be a good indication for first intention treatment of @entity3052 in elderly @entity1 . It does not give a @entity236 , the @entity281 and @entity548 episodes are less numerous than with conventional dose chemotherapy, the life quality is improved, and treatment at home is often possible.

title: [Low dose XXXX in the treatment of @entity3052 . Apropos of 41 cases].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhagic', 'Hemorrhagic complications']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute myeloid leukemias', 'AML']

entities_list: @entity2592 :: ('MESH:D003561', 'Chemical') :: ['Cytarabine', 'cytarabine']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity236 :: ('MESH:D001855', 'Disease') :: ['bone marrow aplasia']

answer: @entity2592 :: (MESH:D003561,Chemical) :: ['cytarabine']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To quantify plasma concentrations of hormones that regulate energy homeostasis in order to establish possible mechanisms for greater weight loss after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP) compared with gastric banding (BND). RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES: Four groups of @entity1 were studied: lean (n = 8; mean BMI, 21.6 kg/m2); BND (n = 9; BMI, 35.8; 25% weight loss), RYGBP (n = 9; BMI, 34.2; 36% weight loss), and controls matched for BMI to the surgical groups (n = 11; BMI, 34.4). RESULTS: Fasting total @entity1942 ( @entity1942 ) and @entity1942 (3-36) immunoreactivity were similar among all groups, but the postprandial response in the RYGBP group was exaggerated, such that 30 minutes after the meal, total and @entity1942 (3-36) levels were 2- to 4-fold greater compared with all other groups. Maximal postprandial suppression of total ghrelin was blunted in the BND group (13%) compared with RYGBP (27%). Postprandial suppression of octanoylated ghrelin was also less in BND (29%) compared with RYGBP (56%). Fasting insulin was lower in RYGBP (6.6 microU/mL) compared with BND (10.0 microU/mL). Compared with lean controls, @entity1243 concentrations were significantly higher in BND but not in RYGBP. There was a greater increase in post-meal satiety in the RYGBP group compared with BND and overweight controls. DISCUSSION: The differences between RYGBP and BND subjects in postprandial concentrations of @entity1942 and ghrelin would be expected to promote increased satiety and earlier meal termination in RYGBP and may aid in greater weight loss. The differences in insulin and @entity1243 concentrations associated with these procedures may also reflect differences in insulin sensitivity and energy partitioning.

title: Differential effects of gastric bypass and banding on circulating gut hormone and XXXX levels.

answer: @entity1243 :: (3952,Gene) :: ['leptin']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the long-term performance of the Anis circular @entity2790 ( @entity2790 ). SETTING: Center for @entity2790 Research, Storm Eye Institute, Charleston, South Carolina. MATERIALS: Fifteen @entity1 @entity735 with an Anis circular @entity2790 submitted between 1985 and 1993 were evaluated. The eyes were sectioned at the equatorial plane, and the anterior segment containing the capsular bag and the @entity2790 was photographed from the posterior perspective. Fixation, centration, capsular bag shape, zonular damage, central @entity3236 ( @entity3236 ), and Soemmering's ring formation were analyzed. The results were compared with those of a control group comprising @entity1 @entity735 with a one-piece (n = 15) or three-piece (n = 15) @entity4625 @entity2790 with a C-loop design. RESULTS: All 15 Anis IOLs showed symmetrical in-the-bag fixation. Mean decentration in the @entity2790 was significantly lower than in the control eyes (P = .02). Eyes with the Anis @entity2790 had fewer @entity154 (P = .0005) and a better circular extension of the capsular bag (P = .003). There were no statistically significant differences in @entity3236 (P = .29) or Soemmering's ring formation (P = .67). CONCLUSION: The Anis @entity2790 with a circular haptic design had better centration and capsular bag morphology than the control eyes, although a difference in @entity3236 and Soemmering's ring formation could not be shown.

title: Clinicopathological findings in @entity1 XXXX with an Anis circular lens.

entities_list: @entity4625 :: ('MESH:D019904', 'Chemical') :: ['poly(methyl methacrylate)']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['zonular defects']

entities_list: @entity735 :: ('MESH:D005124', 'Disease') :: ['autopsy eyes']

entities_list: @entity2790 :: ('MESH:D009798', 'Disease') :: ['Anis IOL eyes', 'IOL', 'intraocular lens']

entities_list: @entity3236 :: ('MESH:D058442', 'Disease') :: ['posterior capsule opacification', 'PCO']

answer: @entity735 :: (MESH:D005124,Disease) :: ['autopsy eyes']


abstract: Group @entity477 -hemolytic streptococcus (GABHS) is the most common bacterial cause of @entity697 . Clinical criteria alone are not reliable enough to diagnose @entity2142 . Microbiological-testing is required for correct diagnosis. Although a throat swab culture remains the gold standard for documenting the presence of GABHS, a significant disadvantage of the culture is the delayed time of 1-2 days to obtain results. Most rapid antigen detection tests can provide results in less than 15 min. Rapid identification and treatment of @entity1 with @entity2142 can reduce the risk of the spread of disease, may shorten the duration of symptoms, decrease the incidence of suppurative complications, decrease the amount of time lost from school/work, decrease the inappropriate use of antibiotics, reduce @entity1 /parent dissatisfaction and alleviate the need for costly follow-up visits. All rapid antigen detection tests involve extraction of the group-specific @entity1735 antigen from the GABHS cell wall and identification of the antigen by an immunological reaction. There are numerous rapid antigen detection testing methods, namely latex agglutination, enzyme immunoassay, optical immunoassay, chemiluminescent DNA probes and PCR methods. Most of the rapid antigen detection tests that are currently in use have an excellent specificity of greater than 95% and a sensitivity of greater than or equal to 90%. Owing to the high specificity of the rapid antigen detection tests, a positive rapid antigen detection test is accepted as adequate for the diagnosis of @entity2142 . Conversely, confirmation of a negative antigen detection test with a throat culture result is necessary, unless the physician has ascertained in his/her practice that the sensitivity of the rapid antigen test used is comparable with that of a throat culture.

title: Rapid antigen detection testing in diagnosing group XXXX -hemolytic streptococcal pharyngitis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute pharyngitis']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity2142 :: ('MESH:D006461', 'Disease') :: ['GABHS pharyngitis']

answer: @entity477 :: (351,Gene) :: ['A beta']


abstract: The effects of @entity3774 (PGF2alpha 2.8 X 10(-7) --2.8 X 10(-5) M) on isolated segments of @entity1 peripheral arteries and veins were investigated. In both types of vessel, PGF2alpha had a concentration-dependent contracting effect. The contraction developed more slowly and had a longer relaxation time after washing than responses induced by @entity1063 or @entity972 . In the veins, the maximum response to the prostaglandin was 128 +/- 3.6% of that to @entity972 (P less than 0.01); in the arteries, the maximum amplitudes of PGF2alpha and @entity972 induced contractions were of similar magnitude. The arterial preparations were less responsive to PGF2alpha than to @entity1063 . On a molar basis, @entity1063 was approximately 10 times more potent than PGF2alpha. Veins, maximally contracted by @entity1063 or @entity972 , increased their tension further on addition of PGF2alpha. Similarly, preparations maximally contracted by PGF2alpha also showed a further increase in tension after addition of @entity1063 or @entity972 . The PGF2alpha induced contractions were not affected by alpha-adrenoceptor blockade ( @entity5521 , @entity3159 ). The @entity460 antagonists @entity1855 and @entity594 relaxed preparations contracted by PGF2alpha, and reduced the responses in a concentration-dependent way when added 15 min. before the prostaglandin. Immersion for 30 min. in a @entity460 -free medium, reduced the PGF2alpha induced response in both arteries and veins. In the veins, but not in the arteries, the responses to @entity972 and @entity1063 were more reduced than that to PGF2alpha (P less than 0.01). Contractions induced by all agents were further depressed by @entity1855 and @entity594 after exposing the preparations to the @entity460 -free medium. It is suggested that PGF2alpha induces contraction both by enhancing the transmembrane flow of @entity460 , and by facilitating release of @entity460 from intracellular stores.

title: Contractile effects of XXXX on isolated @entity1 peripheral arteries and veins.

entities_list: @entity1855 :: ('MESH:D014700', 'Chemical') :: ['verapamil']

entities_list: @entity5521 :: ('MESH:D010646', 'Chemical') :: ['phentolamine']

entities_list: @entity594 :: ('MESH:D009543', 'Chemical') :: ['nifedipine']

entities_list: @entity3774 :: ('MESH:D015237', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandin F2alpha']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

entities_list: @entity3159 :: ('MESH:D011224', 'Chemical') :: ['prazosin']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['noradrenaline']

answer: @entity3774 :: (MESH:D015237,Chemical) :: ['prostaglandin F2alpha']


abstract: PURPOSE: To quantify respiration-induced deformations of the @entity6029 ( @entity6029 ), @entity8 ( @entity8 ), and right renal artery (RRA) in @entity1 with small @entity1028 ( @entity1028 ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixteen @entity1 with @entity1028 (age 73 y    7) were imaged with contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography during inspiratory and expiratory breath-holds. Centerline paths of the aorta and visceral arteries were acquired by geometric modeling and segmentation techniques. Vessel translations and changes in branching angle and curvature resulting from respiration were computed from centerline paths. RESULTS: With expiration, the @entity6029 , @entity8 , and RRA bifurcation points translated superiorly by 12.4 mm    9.5, 14.5 mm    8.8, and 12.7 mm    6.4 (P < .001), and posteriorly by 2.2 mm    2.7, 4.9 mm    4.2, and 5.6 mm    3.9 (P < .05), respectively, and the @entity6029 translated rightward by 3.9 mm    4.9 (P < .01). With expiration, the @entity6029 , @entity8 , and RRA angled upward by 9.7      6.4, 7.5      7.8, and 4.9      5.3, respectively (P < .005). With expiration, mean curvature increased by 0.02 mm(-1)    0.01, 0.01 mm(-1)    0.01, and 0.01 mm(-1)    0.01 in the @entity6029 , @entity8 , and RRA, respectively (P < .05). For inspiration and expiration, RRA curvature was greater than in other vessels (P < .025). CONCLUSIONS: With expiration, the @entity6029 , @entity8 , and RRA translated superiorly and posteriorly as a result of diaphragmatic motion, inducing upward angling of vessel branches and increased curvature. In addition, the @entity6029 exhibited rightward translation with expiration. The RRA was significantly more tortuous, but deformed less than the other vessels during respiration.

title: Respiration-induced deformations of the superior mesenteric and renal arteries in XXXX with @entity1028 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['left renal artery', 'LRA']

entities_list: @entity1028 :: ('MESH:D017544', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal aortic aneurysms', 'AAAs']

entities_list: @entity6029 :: ('MESH:D013478', 'Disease') :: ['superior mesenteric artery', 'SMA']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: A 4.5-year-old, Holstein-Friesian @entity291 presented with a 1-month history of severe exercise intolerance. Rectal examination and transrectal ultrasonography revealed a large mass in the left retroperitoneum. The heart rate was 70 to 80/min. @entity1540 and ventricular bigeminy were present on an electrocardiogram. Erythrocytosis was present and blood gas analysis revealed marked hypoxaemia. An echocardiogram demonstrated a large @entity1757 , a partially dextroposed aorta, and @entity1184 of the right ventricular free wall. Colour flow Doppler echocardiography and a contrast echocardiographic study demonstrated a right-to-left shunt through the @entity1757 . @entity6924 was diagnosed. The @entity1 was euthanased. Necropsy confirmed the gross cardiac lesions identified by echocardiography and an abscess in the apex of the left ventricle. Severe @entity358 were present, consistent with a marked increased in pulmonary vascular resistance. @entity1679 was cultured from abscesses of the retroperitoneum and the ventricular apex.

title: @entity6924 in a Holstein-Friesian XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1679 :: ('1661', 'Species') :: ['Actinomyces pyogenes']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['concentric hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity1757 :: ('MESH:D006345', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular septal defect']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary arterial lesions']

entities_list: @entity1540 :: ('MESH:D018879', 'Disease') :: ['Premature ventricular complexes']

entities_list: @entity6924 :: ('MESH:D004541', 'Disease') :: ["Eisenmenger's complex"]

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['cow']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Previous studies suggest that magnetic resonance imaging with late @entity2287 enhancement (LGE) may identify slowly conducting tissues in scar-related @entity1165 ( @entity1165 ). OBJECTIVE: To test the feasibility of image-based simulation based on LGE to estimate ablation targets in @entity1165 . METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study in 13 @entity1 who had preablation magnetic resonance imaging for scar-related @entity1165 ablation. We used image-based simulation to induce @entity1165 and estimate target regions according to the simulated @entity1165 circuit. The estimated target regions were coregistered with the LGE scar map and the ablation sites from the electroanatomical map in the standard ablation approach. RESULTS: In image-based simulation, @entity1165 was inducible in 12 (92.3%) @entity1 . All VTs showed macroreentrant propagation patterns, and the narrowest width of estimated target region that an ablation line should span to prevent @entity1165 recurrence was 5.0    3.4 mm. Of 11 @entity1 who underwent ablation, the results of image-based simulation and the standard approach were consistent in 9 (82%) @entity1 , where ablation within the estimated target region was associated with acute success (n = 8) and ablation outside the estimated target region was associated with failure (n = 1). In 1 (9%) case, the results of image-based simulation and the standard approach were inconsistent, where ablation outside the estimated target region was associated with acute success. CONCLUSIONS: The image-based simulation can be used to estimate potential ablation targets of scar-related @entity1165 . The image-based simulation may be a powerful noninvasive tool for preprocedural planning of ablation procedures to potentially reduce the procedure time and complication rates.

title: Feasibility of image-based simulation to estimate ablation target in XXXX ventricular arrhythmia.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2287 :: ('MESH:D005682', 'Chemical') :: ['gadolinium']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['VT', 'ventricular tachycardia']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine the therapeutic yield of on-demand chest radiographs in intubated @entity1 experiencing acute @entity26 desaturation/ @entity519 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted examining all intubated intensive care unit @entity1 over a 2   -year period. Subjects were included only if the @entity1 had undergone a comparison radiograph while intubated and if the word @entity519 or an equivalent alternative had been listed in the requisition. Radiographic findings were categorized into 3 groups: no change, minor new finding, or major new finding. A major new finding was defined as one that could result in a direct change in clinical management. Therapeutic yield was defined as any new clinical intervention documented in the electronic medical record occurring within the proximate timeframe after performing an on-demand radiograph. Interventions were recorded as appropriate or not appropriate to the expected therapy for each radiographic finding. RESULTS: A total of 676 radiographic reports were studied. 55.3%, 20.4%, and 24.3% of the radiographic findings were categorized into no change, minor new finding, and major new finding groups. A major radiographic finding was more likely to have new interventions compared with a no-change radiograph [odds ratio, 6.44 (4.16-9.78)]. Most interventions were deemed appropriate for the radiographic findings. CONCLUSIONS: On-demand radiographs performed for acute @entity519 clinical events yield a high percentage of major findings, with nearly half of them potentially influencing or resulting in new therapeutic interventions. Interventions were more likely in the major finding group, with most being appropriate. These results support the efficacy of the on-demand radiograph by providing evidence of its utility in @entity1 management decisions.

title: On-demand chest radiographs for XXXX : impact on clinical care.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxic', 'hypoxia']

answer: @entity519 :: (MESH:D000860,Disease) :: ['hypoxia']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The purpose was to determine the effectiveness of an instructional program on handwashing. The hypothesis stated that an instructional program on germs and handwashing in @entity1 care could significantly reduce the spread of @entity166 in the test center. METHOD: A longitudinal study was conducted in a field setting with a test group and a control group of 3- to 5-year-old @entity1 and their teachers in two similar @entity1 care settings. For 21 weeks illnesses and symptoms of @entity166 were assessed with a health assessment checklist. The test group received a developmentally appropriate instructional program on germs and handwashing. The teachers in the test group attended workshops on @entity166 and handwashing. The control group maintained their usual handwashing procedures. RESULT: At weeks 1 through 11 benchmark data were collected. At weeks 12 through 21, peak cold and flu season, the test group had significantly fewer colds than the control group (chi-squared analysis, 4.338, 1 df, p < .05); thus the hypothesis was confirmed. DISCUSSION: Handwashing has been recognized as one way to manage the spread of @entity166 in @entity1 care centers. Handwashing helped to reduce colds at the test center where frequent and proper handwashing practices were incorporated into the curriculum through an intervention program.

title: Proper handwashing promotes wellness in XXXX care.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['child', 'children']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['infectious diseases']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['child']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We aim to evaluate the outcome of flexible ureterorenoscopy (F-URS) with holmium laser in treating @entity1290 as a minimal invasive option. @entity1 AND METHODS: We reviewed retrospectively the records of 45 @entity1 who underwent F-URS using holmium laser from 2004 to 2011 for symptomatic @entity1290 . The presenting symptoms were @entity13090 or @entity811 . The F-URS used after the Shock Wave Lithotripsy (SWL) failure in 30 (66.7 %) @entity1 . The repeated treatment by F-URS was carried out twice for four @entity1 ; in three @entity1 , it was correlated to the size of the stone and it was because of failure to identify the diverticulum in one @entity1 . The follow up visit range were between 4 to 6 weeks with plain radiograph (KUB) and renal ultrasound or non-contrast CT scan (NCCT). RESULTS: Of our data, there were 45 @entity1 , 22 @entity1 and 23 @entity1 (mean age of 46.3 years, range 18-72). We found 28 @entity1 (62.2 %) who had stone free (SF), 10 @entity1 (22.2 %) with clinically insignificant residual fragments (less than 3mm in size) and residual fragments (RF) in seven @entity1 (15.6 %). Success rate was considered as stone free or insignificant residual fragment, which was obtained in 38 @entity1 (84.4 %). The symptom-free was in 42 @entity1 (93.3 %). CONCLUSION: In our experience, F-URS using holmium laser was very effective minimally-invasive technique that could be the best option for the treatment of @entity1290 especially for those who resist the treatment with the SWL. It showed an excellent stone clearance rate, minimal morbidity rate and brief hospital stay.

title: [Endoscopic treatment of XXXX (Single Centre Study of 45  cases)].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1290 :: ('MESH:D007669', 'Disease') :: ['renal diverticular stone']

entities_list: @entity811 :: ('MESH:D006417', 'Disease') :: ['hematuria']

entities_list: @entity13090 :: ('MESH:C566906', 'Disease') :: ['renal colic, urinary tract infection']

answer: @entity1290 :: (MESH:D007669,Disease) :: ['renal diverticular stone']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to determine whether oncoplastic surgery ensures accurate @entity5 resection and reduces the need for further surgery in comparison with standard quadrantectomies. METHODS: This was a prospective comparative study of 74 @entity1 with @entity0 diameter >or=15 mm. The principal criterion for case selection was breast size that allowed either quadrantectomy or oncoplastic surgery to be scheduled. The following were recorded and compared between groups: the size of the glandular resection, the width of the nearest margins, the ratio of clear margins, and the need for further surgery. RESULTS: The @entity1 who underwent oncoplastic surgery were younger than those who had quadrantectomy. All other demographic and oncological preoperative data were comparable. The median volume of the excised specimen in the oncoplastic group was higher than in the quadrantectomy group. The nearest lateral margin widths were larger in the oncoplastic group than in the quadrantectomy group. Free surgical margins >or=5 mm and >or=10 mm were obtained more frequently using oncoplastic surgery than standard quadrantectomy. However, the need for fewer secondary surgeries was not demonstrated in our study. CONCLUSIONS: Oncoplastic surgery achieves more accurate @entity5 resection than standard quadrantectomy. This approach might be useful in extending the indications for conservative therapy.

title: Comparative study of the accuracy of breast resection in oncoplastic surgery and quadrantectomy in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast tumor']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: Six @entity1 with @entity39918 , ranging from 4 to 7 months of age, were investigated. One was suspected of having extensive @entity5300 and five were suspected of having a unilateral lesion of both roots C5 and C6. All were referred to our center to investigate the possibility for reconstructive surgery. In all @entity1 , even at this age, transcranial magnetic stimulation resulted in motor evoked potentials (MEP) in the biceps (in one, in the brachioradial) muscles. Averaging could not be done because of the intraindividual variation in latency. The MEP was easier to recognize if evoked when the @entity1 had the arm bent. In all five @entity1 suspected of upper @entity5300 with @entity155 of both roots C5 and C6 and/or complete rupture of the upper trunk, proven in four, an MEP on the lesioned side could be evoked. Combined with earlier investigations showing (almost) normal EMG and somatosensory evoked potentials in @entity1 with upper @entity75 , this leads us to the conclusion that the paralysis of these @entity1 cannot only be attributed to the peripheral axonal damage alone but that central plasticity must also play an important role. As this is a slow process, some @entity1 might not yet be able to use the paralytic muscles. Some theoretic issues are discussed.

title: Motor evoked potentials after transcranial magnetic stimulation support hypothesis of coexisting central mechanism in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['infants', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['plexus lesion']

entities_list: @entity5300 :: ('MESH:D020516', 'Disease') :: ['brachial plexus lesions', 'brachial plexus lesion']

entities_list: @entity39918 :: ('MESH:C563901', 'Disease') :: ['obstetric brachial palsy']

entities_list: @entity155 :: ('MESH:D014084', 'Disease') :: ['avulsion']

answer: @entity39918 :: (MESH:C563901,Disease) :: ['obstetric brachial palsy']


abstract: In @entity3039 , 90% of the @entity1 have an elevated platelet-associated immunoglobulin. The most important related antigens are glycoprotein IIb-IIIa ( @entity1427 -IIIa) (16.7-83.3%), GPIb-IX (13.3-83%), GPIb (3.3-47.1%) and GPIIIa (21.6-33.3%), and less commonly GPIa-IIa, GPIV and @entity22324 . Other related antigens can be platelet granule membrane protein, phospholipid, intraplatelet and cytoplasmic antigens, and rarely human platelet antigen (HPA) 1a and HLA-DR antigens. The marrow megakaryocytes are usually normal or increased in number with maturation impairment. There are discrepancies regarding megakaryocytopoiesis in vitro. A low dose of heparin could elevate the platelet number in certain cases. The expression of @entity6006 was reported to be inhibited in ITP, when the plasma beta-thromboglobin-platelet factor 4 level was elevated. In secondary immune @entity882 , platelet antibodies can be (1) alloantibodies against the (HPA) system and (2) autoantibodies most commonly against platelet @entity1427 -IIIa or GPIb-IX. Other antigens can be 30-52kDa proteins of the platelet membrane. Platelet survival is usually shortened, and marrow megakaryocytes are normal in number. Megakaryocyte colony-forming units could be reduced.

title: Megakaryocytes and platelets in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity3039 :: ('MESH:D016553', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura']

answer: @entity3039 :: (MESH:D016553,Disease) :: ['immune thrombocytopenic purpura']


abstract: From January 1984 through July 1986, 15 @entity1 with biopsy-proven @entity628 ( @entity628 ) underwent kidney transplantation. Following transplantation, all @entity1 were immunosuppressed with @entity205 and @entity229 . There were 8 @entity1 and 7 @entity1 with a mean age of 33 years (range, 16-47 years). Five @entity1 (33%) had recurrence of @entity628 . Two @entity1 had received kidneys from HLA identical siblings, and 3 @entity1 were transplanted with cadaveric kidneys. In 4 out of 5 @entity1 , the recurrence of @entity628 occurred within 3 months of transplantation. Of the 2 graft losses in this group, one was from recurrence of @entity628 . Ten @entity1 followed for a mean of 25 months did not develop recurrence of @entity628 . No graft loss occurred in this group. Three @entity1 with @entity454 of unknown etiology were found to have @entity628 in the renal allograft and were presumed to have recurrence of @entity628 . All 3 @entity1 developed the @entity1985 following transplantation, and 1 @entity1 has had progressive @entity177 . @entity205 did not prevent the recurrence or the clinical manifestations of @entity628 following kidney transplantation. Additional studies are needed to determine if @entity205 is effective in certain subgroups of @entity1 with @entity628 .

title: Inability of XXXX to completely prevent the recurrence of @entity628 after kidney transplantation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity628 :: ('MESH:D005923', 'Disease') :: ['focal glomerulosclerosis', 'FGS']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['Cyclosporine', 'cyclosporine']

entities_list: @entity1985 :: ('MESH:D009404', 'Disease') :: ['nephrotic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage renal disease']

answer: @entity205 :: (MESH:D016572,Chemical) :: ['cyclosporine']


abstract: The authors examined using the antibody against latent membrane protein ( @entity25062 ) a group of 169 @entity1 with @entity978 (age 2 to 82 years). From the total number of 169 @entity1 48 (28%) @entity1 were positive when tested with this antibody. In the whole group the following histological types were represented most frequently: type II ( @entity4383 ) 83 (49%) @entity1 , and type III (mixed cellularity) 70 (41%) @entity1 . Type I (lymphocytic predominance) was not represented. In type IV (lymphocyte depletion) there were three cases (1.7%). Type V (lymphocyte rich) was represented by 13 @entity1 (7.6%). The frequency of positive cases was in these histological types as follows: type II 14 cases (17% of 83 cases), type III 28 cases (40% of 70 cases), type IV 2 cases (66% of 3 cases). type V 4 cases (30% of 13 cases). Distribution of positive cases by age: in @entity1 under 10 years a positive finding was recorded in 80%. In old @entity1 above the age of 80 years there was a 100% positivity (only two @entity1 were examined). The smallest number of positive cases was in the third decade (of 26 @entity1 4% were positive). @entity25062 positivity was most frequent in male @entity1 --in 37 (of 96 examined @entity1 ) and in 11 female @entity1 (of 73 examined) The frequency of @entity25062 in @entity978 is consistent with similar studies in economically developed countries. A markedly higher incidence of positive cases in the lowest and highest age groups and gender differences are striking and so far there is no unequivocal explanation for them.

title: [Latent membrane protein XXXX in @entity978 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity978 :: ('MESH:D006689', 'Disease') :: ["Hodgkin's lymphoma"]

entities_list: @entity4383 :: ('MESH:D020518', 'Disease') :: ['nodular sclerosis']

answer: @entity25062 :: (9260,Gene) :: ['LMP-1']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To emphasize the difficulties to distinguish between uterine agenesis and extreme uterine hypotrophy in the context of primary @entity4999 with @entity1175 . @entity1 AND METHODS: Among adolescents who consulted with our center because of primary @entity4999 , from 1997 to 2005, three @entity1 were referred for a suspicion of @entity14259 , after ultrasonography had failed to visualize the uterus. The 3 @entity1 underwent endocrine and genetic evaluations. Transabdominal ultrasonography and MRI performed pelvic examination. @entity1 were placed under @entity172 treatment. RESULTS: Endocrine evaluation indicated @entity2670 for @entity1 1, and @entity6126 for @entity1 2 and 3. Karyotype was 46,XX in all @entity1 . Initial pelvic ultrasonography revealed the absence of uterus. MRI allowed visualizing prepubertal uterus for @entity1 1, a hypotrophic uterus for @entity1 3 and concluded to uterine agenesis for @entity1 2. In all cases @entity53 substitutive therapy induced uterine growth and confirmed retrospectively the diagnosis of extreme uterine hypotrophy. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Pelvic ultrasonography can be misleading in the evaluation of primary @entity4999 . No visualization of uterus on ultrasonography can occur in the context of @entity1175 and should not induce a premature diagnosis of @entity14259 . Indeed, such a diagnosis has therapeutic, reproductive and psychological consequences.

title: [Delayed XXXX with extreme uterine hypotrophy: do not conclude too early to the absence of the uterus].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity1175 :: ('MESH:D011628', 'Disease') :: ['delayed puberty']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['estradiol']

entities_list: @entity14259 :: ('OMIM:277000', 'Disease') :: ['Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser Syndrome', 'Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser syndrome']

entities_list: @entity2670 :: ('MESH:D010049', 'Disease') :: ['primary ovarian failure']

entities_list: @entity6126 :: ('MESH:D007006', 'Disease') :: ['hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism']

entities_list: @entity4999 :: ('MESH:C537962', 'Disease') :: ['amenorrhoea']

answer: @entity1175 :: (MESH:D011628,Disease) :: ['puberty']


abstract: @entity241 is an uncommon soft tissue @entity5 that is locally aggressive, prone to recur locally following excision, and has a low propensity for @entity3 . Ten @entity1 have received radiation (both external beam and interstitial implant) as part of, or as their only treatment, at Massachusetts General Hospital from 1979-1987. Three @entity1 received radiation alone (66.7-75 Gy) for gross palpable disease. One @entity1 has slowly regressing nodules at 33 months; the other two had complete regression and are free of disease at 24 and 26 months posttreatment. Seven @entity1 received radiation in conjunction with surgery. One received both preoperative and postoperative radiation and six received postoperative radiation (60-67 Gy) for microscopic @entity66 following resection. Six of these seven @entity1 are free of disease 16 to 105 months following treatment. One @entity1 , with diffuse microscopic @entity5 infiltration of the scalp, had a local recurrence within the radiation field 16 months following 64.4 Gy. There has been no significant treatment related morbidity. Even though the present experience is limited and the follow-up brief, it does suggest that radiation can be considered a viable therapeutic option in the @entity1 who has a lesion that is not resectable.

title: XXXX treated with radiation therapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['residual disease']

entities_list: @entity241 :: ('MESH:D018223', 'Disease') :: ['Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity241 :: (MESH:D018223,Disease) :: ['Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine the relation between the percent of canal compromise and success rate of epidural @entity134 injection (ESI) in @entity1 with symptomatic lumbar herniated intervertebral discs. METHODS: @entity1 with lumbar herniated @entity1798 suffering from @entity158 and treated with ESI were selected. The axial magnetic resonance (MR) image showing the largest canal compromise by the @entity890 was selected for measurements. The canal area and disc herniation area measurements were calculated from the total number of pixels per cross-sectional area, multiplied by a scan correction factor, mm2/pixel. The percent canal compromise was obtained by the disc herniation area divided by the canal cross-section area, multiplied by 100. For @entity158 assessment, visual analog scale (VAS) was used before (pre-injection VAS) and a month after ESI (post-injection VAS). Demographic data, duration of symptoms, and location and type of herniation were also noted. RESULTS: 39 @entity1 (14 male, 25 female) were included in this study. The mean age was 50.2  11.6 years (27-76). Twenty-one cases (51%) also had back @entity158 . The mean percent canal compromise ratio was 36.1  2.4%. The mean duration of symptoms was 19.4  6.6 months. The post-injection VAS was significantly decreased when compared with pre-injection VAS (p<0.0001), and this significance was related with the duration of symptoms being <3 months (p=0.021). There was also a significant negative correlation between percent canal compromise and post-injection VAS (p=0.042). However, there was no correlation between post-injection VAS and age, sex, or location or type of herniation (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: It has been demonstrated that higher benefits of ESI were achieved in @entity1 with short duration of symptoms and high percent of canal compromise.

title: [Lumbar epidural XXXX injection: Is the success rate predictable?].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'leg pain']

entities_list: @entity1798 :: ('MESH:C535531', 'Disease') :: ['intervertebral disc']

entities_list: @entity890 :: ('MESH:D007405', 'Disease') :: ['herniated disc']

answer: @entity134 :: (CHEBI:35341,Chemical) :: ['steroid']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The @entity262 ( @entity33354 ) consists of liquid forms of fibrinogen and thrombin and is used widely in surgery for hemostasis. In this study, as a novel and unique approach, the possibility and efficacy of locoregional gene transfer using the @entity33354 containing an adenoviral vector was determined. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The optimum concentration of the adenoviral vector mixed with the @entity33354 ( @entity33354 ) for gene transduction was evaluated in vitro by X-gal ( @entity7791 ) staining and NIH (National Institute of Health) imaging in RCN-9, a @entity35 @entity694 cell line. To determine the survival period of the adenoviral vector in the fibrin glue, RCN-9 cells were exposed to @entity33354 after it had been incubated for various periods and the transduction efficiencies were evaluated by @entity7791 ( @entity7791 ) assay. @entity33354 was also applied in vivo to the resected site of @entity35 liver. AxCALacZ diluted in PBS (AxCALacZ/PBS) was used as the control. The transduction efficiencies in the liver were compared by X-gal staining and @entity7791 assay. RESULTS: Almost 100% transgene expression was demonstrated by the X-gal staining and NIH imaging at a concentration level greater than 1 multiplicity of @entity281 . LacZ expression (as @entity7791 ) revealed gene-transduced RCN-9 cells when the @entity33354 was held for a period of less than 96 hours. The treatment with the @entity33354 in vivo resulted in greater transgene expression than the treatment with AxCALacZ/PBS. CONCLUSION: The adenoviral vector survives and remains stable in the @entity33354 for sufficient time for transduction to occur and @entity33354 can efficiently transduce the target gene both in vitro and vivo.

title: A novel approach for gene transduction with adenovirus vector and the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity33354 :: ('MESH:C537923', 'Disease') :: ['FGS', 'AxCALacZ/FGS']

entities_list: @entity7791 :: ('MESH:D016537', 'Disease') :: ['beta-gal', 'beta-galactosidase']

entities_list: @entity262 :: ('MESH:D034721', 'Disease') :: ['fibrin glue system']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon carcinoma']

answer: @entity262 :: (MESH:D034721,Disease) :: ['fibrin glue system']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5477 can severely affect social and psychological functioning. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of @entity5477 and its severity on Quality of Life of young adolescents in Greece. METHODS: We conducted a questionnaire based survey among 1560 adolescent between the ages of 11 and 19 years old and 1531 of these were completed. Adolescents with acne filled all the questions including the @entity1 Dermatology Life Quality Index. Adolescents without acne filled the questions about age, family history of acne, stress and smoking. Data were analyzed with Pearson Chi Square test. RESULTS: Acne prevalence was 51.2% affecting both sexes equally. Self reported mild acne was present in 71.2% and moderate-severe acne in 28.8% of the study population. The mean age of the study population was 15.77y. The median score of @entity1 Dermatology Life Quality Index was 4.02. The impact of acne on quality of life is associated with the severity of the acne (p<0.0001). @entity1 with moderate/severe acne experience greater @entity73 (p<0.0001). Body image is modified proportionally to the severity of acne (p<0.0001). Symptoms and treatment of acne are factors that also influence their quality of life. @entity1 and @entity1 are equally affected. Stress and heredity are correlated with acne and its severity (p<0.0001). We didn't find any correlation between smoking and acne. CONCLUSION: Acne affects Quality of Life of young adolescents in Greece. The impact is proportional to the severity of acne. More severe acne is associated with greater effect on quality of life with implications for self esteem, body image and relationships with others.

title: The impact of XXXX on quality of life and psychic health in young adolescents in Greece. Results of a population survey.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'Children', 'boys', 'Girls']

entities_list: @entity5477 :: ('MESH:D000152', 'Disease') :: ['Acne vulgaris', 'acne vulgaris']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['psychosocial and emotional impairment']

answer: @entity5477 :: (MESH:D000152,Disease) :: ['acne vulgaris']


abstract: The results in 9 @entity1 with unresectable recurrent @entity135 who were treated with aggressive concurrent chemoradiotherapy are reported. Treatment consisted of one or two courses of chemotherapy with @entity1487 1000 mg/m2/day and @entity900 20 mg/m2/day, both given as 4-day continuous intravenous infusions, concurrent with radiation therapy. Salvage radiation doses between 30 and 70 Gy were administered. Seven @entity1 had previously undergone an attempt at curative surgery, and 7 had been treated with radiation doses between 52 and 72 Gy. The recurrent disease was locally confined in 3, locoregional in 5, and locoregional with metastases in 1 of the 9 @entity1 . Treatment @entity137 was significant and included @entity33 , @entity390 / @entity391 , and @entity3028 , but there were no toxic deaths. Complete @entity5 clearance was possible in 6 of these 9 @entity1 , and 5 @entity1 remain disease-free at 41+, 43+, 45+, 47+, and 50+ months. Of these 5 @entity1 , 4 had previously been treated with both surgery and radiation, while 1 had only undergone surgery. We conclude that aggressive chemotherapy and concurrent (re)irradiation can be given to @entity1 with unresectable, recurrent, @entity135 . Treatment is tolerable, and disease-free long-term survival is possible. Careful @entity1 selection, however, is required.

title: Concurrent chemoradiotherapy for salvage in relapsed squamous cell XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell cancer of the head and neck']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['mucositis']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity3028 :: ('MESH:D000380', 'Disease') :: ['granulocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['5-fluorouracil']

answer: @entity135 :: (MESH:D006258,Disease) :: ['head and neck cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of @entity4396 agonist ( @entity1176 -a) on pituitary suppression, subsequent ovarian response, and results of @entity52 ( @entity52 ) treatments in @entity3610 ( @entity3610 ) @entity1 . DESIGN: Randomized prospective study. SETTING: In vitro fertilization program and endocrinologic institute. @entity1 : Thirty @entity1 with @entity3610 ; 16 received @entity1176 -a, and 14 did not receive @entity1176 -a. INTERVENTIONS: Ovum pick-up and embryo transfer. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Response to @entity1176 -a test, serum and follicular fluid (FF) hormonal measurements, @entity134 levels, and aromatse activity in granulosa cell (GC) culture, and results of @entity52 . RESULTS: Pituitary responsiveness was abolished in all @entity1 14 days after @entity1176 -a administration, and early luteinization was prevented. @entity134 levels in FF did not differ between the two groups. In GC culture, @entity1420 (P) levels were higher in @entity1 without the @entity1176 -a (3,704 +/- 1,232 nmol/L versus 2,117 +/- 235 nmol/L; P less than 0.05) as were @entity2671 (A) levels (5.3 +/- 1.0 nmol/L versus less than 3.5 nmol/L; P less than 0.05). However, aromatase activity and @entity52 results were similar in the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Administration of @entity1176 -a in @entity1 with @entity3610 decreases P and A production by the GC cells and prevents early luteinization. It does not affect the @entity52 results.

title: The effect of XXXX agonist on the ovarian response and @entity52 results in @entity3610 : a prospective study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity4396 :: ('2796', 'Gene') :: ['gonadotropin-releasing hormone']

entities_list: @entity3610 :: ('MESH:D011085', 'Disease') :: ['PCOS', 'polycystic ovarian syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid', 'Steroid']

entities_list: @entity52 :: ('MESH:C566179', 'Disease') :: ['IVF', 'in vitro fertilization']

entities_list: @entity2671 :: ('MESH:D000735', 'Chemical') :: ['androstenedione']

answer: @entity4396 :: (2796,Gene) :: ['gonadotropin-releasing hormone']


abstract: IMPORTANCE: Under the Affordable Care Act (ACA), states can extend Medicaid eligibility to nearly all adults with income no more than 138% of the federal poverty level. Uncertainty exists regarding the scope of medical services required for new enrollees. OBJECTIVE: To document the health care needs and health risks of uninsured adults who could gain Medicaid coverage under the ACA. These data will help physicians, other clinicians, and state Medicaid programs prepare for the possible expansions. DESIGN, SETTING, AND @entity1 : Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2010 were used to analyze health conditions among a nationally representative sample of 1042 uninsured adults aged 19 through 64 years with income no more than 138% of the federal poverty level, compared with 471 low-income adults currently enrolled in Medicaid. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Prevalence and control of @entity6 , @entity101 , and @entity1007 based on examinations and laboratory tests, measures of self-reported health status including medical conditions, and risk factors such as measured @entity28 status. RESULTS: Compared with those already enrolled in Medicaid, uninsured adults were less likely to be @entity28 and sedentary and less likely to report a physical, mental, or emotional limitation. They also were less likely to have several chronic conditions. For example, 30.1% (95% CI, 26.8%-33.4%) of uninsured adults had @entity101 , @entity1007 , or @entity6 compared with 38.6% (95% CI, 32.0%-45.3%) of those enrolled in Medicaid (P = .02). However, if they had these conditions, uninsured adults were less likely to be aware of them and less likely to have them controlled. For example, 80.1% (95% CI, 75.2%-85.1%) of the uninsured adults with at least 1 of these 3 conditions had at least 1 uncontrolled condition, compared with 63.4% (95% CI, 53.7%-73.1%) of adults enrolled in Medicaid. CONCLUSION AND RELEVANCE: Compared with adults currently enrolled in Medicaid, uninsured low-income adults potentially eligible to enroll in Medicaid under the ACA had a lower prevalence of many chronic conditions. A substantial proportion of currently uninsured adults with chronic conditions did not have good disease control; projections based on sample weighting suggest this may represent 3.5 million @entity1 (95% CI, 2.9 million-4.2 million). These adults may need initial intensive medical care following Medicaid enrollment.

title: Health status, risk factors, and medical conditions among XXXX enrolled in Medicaid vs uninsured low-income adults potentially eligible for Medicaid under the Affordable Care Act.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PATIENTS', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity1007 :: ('MESH:D006937', 'Disease') :: ['hypercholesterolemia']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obese', 'obesity']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['persons']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity661 ( @entity661 ) causes acute reversible @entity712 . Prior studies have indicated that the syndrome is associated with traits such as social inhibition, chronic @entity1642 , and @entity308 . The objective of this study was to further characterize key @entity458 of @entity1 with @entity661 . METHODS: A survey of three groups was conducted: I) Female post-recovery @entity661 @entity1 admitted between October 1(st) 2009 and December 10(th) 2014, II) Age, gender and geographically matched @entity583 ( @entity583 ) @entity1 , and III) Age, gender and geographically matched individuals from the background population. The following questionnaires were used in the survey: the WHO-5 Well-Being Index, Eysenck's @entity663 Scale, the @entity308 Inventory, and the @entity148 subscale of Symptoms Checklist (SCL-90). RESULTS: In total, 173 of 230 invitees (75  %) participated in the study. In comparison to the background controls, @entity661 @entity1 reported significantly less well-being, more @entity663 , more @entity308 , and more @entity148 . The levels of well-being, @entity308 and @entity663 were comparable between @entity661 and @entity583 @entity1 , but the level of @entity148 was higher in the @entity661 @entity1 . There was a negative correlation between the time since @entity661 admission and the total scores on the psychopathology rating scales. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with @entity661 reported significantly higher @entity148 levels compared to both @entity583 @entity1 and background controls. However, unlike the @entity583 @entity1 , the @entity661 @entity1 appeared to improve psychologically during the post-recovery phase. This may be a consolation for @entity661 @entity1 in @entity649 .

title: @entity663 , @entity308 and XXXX in @entity661 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression', 'Major Depression', 'anxio-depressive disorders']

entities_list: @entity649 :: ('MESH:D012128', 'Disease') :: ['acute psychological distress']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['psychological/psychopathological traits']

entities_list: @entity661 :: ('MESH:D054549', 'Disease') :: ['TTC', 'Takotsubo cardiomypathy']

entities_list: @entity663 :: ('MESH:C564323', 'Disease') :: ['neuroticism', 'Neuroticism']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['STEMI', 'ST-elevation myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity1642 :: ('MESH:D015775', 'Disease') :: ['psychological stress']

answer: @entity148 :: (MESH:D001008,Disease) :: ['anxiety']


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: The natural history of chronic portomesenteric (PM) and portosplenomesenteric (PSM) @entity49 is defined poorly. Therapeutic options are limited, and are directed at the prevention of @entity548 and the control of @entity490 related to @entity344 . METHODS: @entity1 with extensive PM and PSM @entity715 were reviewed retrospectively to evaluate the efficacy of medical therapy and to determine which clinical variables had prognostic significance regarding long-term survival. RESULTS: Sixty @entity1 , with a median age at diagnosis of 44 years (range, 18-68 y), were assessed. The median follow-up period was 3.5 years (range, 0.2-32.0 y). The overall survival rate was 73.3%, with 1- and 5-year survival rates of 81.6%, and 78.3%, respectively. One- and 5-year survival rates, excluding @entity1 who died from @entity5 -related causes, were 85.7% and 82.1%, respectively. Factors associated with improved survival included treatment with beta-blockers (P = .02; odds ratio [OR], .09; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.01-0.70) and anticoagulation (P = .005; OR, 0.01; 95% CI, <0.01 to 0.26). Eighteen @entity1 in total were anticoagulated, including 8 @entity1 who had @entity548 , all of whom underwent endoscopic band ligation of esophageal varices before anticoagulation. By using Cox regression analysis, variables associated with reduced survival were the presence of @entity843 (P = .001; OR, 42.6; 95% CI, 5.03-360), and @entity3638 (P = .01; OR, 13.8; 95% CI, 1.9-100) at presentation. Six @entity1 died of @entity548 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with chronic PM and PSM @entity49 without underlying @entity5 have an acceptable long-term survival. Treatment with beta-blockers and anticoagulation appears to improve outcome.

title: Chronic XXXX : evaluation and determinants of survival during long-term follow-up.

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['variceal hemorrhage', 'variceal bleeding']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal hyperemia']

entities_list: @entity49 :: ('MESH:D019851', 'Disease') :: ['venous thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity3638 :: ('MESH:D006932', 'Disease') :: ['hyperbilirubinemia']

answer: @entity49 :: (MESH:D019851,Disease) :: ['mesenteric venous thrombosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Adoptive immunotherapy with cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) has great potential for the treatment of some @entity5 . Therefore, augmenting the responses of @entity5 -specific CTLs is significant for the adoptive immunotherapy of @entity320 . This study aimed to investigate the anti- @entity5 response of a combination therapy employing @entity1501 -modified chitosan nanoparticles containing @entity15369 ( @entity15369 ) plus @entity320 @entity41258 -specific CD8(+)CD28(+) T cells. METHODS: We prepared @entity1501 -modified chitosan nanoparticles containing the @entity19 @entity15369 gene (FA-CS-mIP-10), and induced @entity320 @entity41258 -specific CD8(+)CD28(+) T cells by co-culturing them with artificial antigen-presenting cells. B16-bearing @entity19 were treated with FA-CS-mIP-10, @entity320 @entity41258 -specific CD8(+)CD28(+) T cells, a combination of both, and the saline control. @entity5 volumes and the survival time of @entity19 were recorded. The proportion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) infiltrating the @entity5 microenvironment and regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the spleen was analyzed by flow cytometry. We also detected the proliferation and angiogenesis of @entity5 by immunohistochemistry and apoptosis by TUNEL. RESULTS: The combination therapy inhibited the progression of @entity320 in vivo. Compared with other treatments, it more efficiently inhibited @entity5 growth and increased the survival time of @entity19 . After treatment with combination therapy, the proportion of MDSCs and Tregs decreased, while the percentage of @entity14013 (+)CD8(+) T cells increased. Furthermore, combination therapy inhibited proliferation and promoted apoptosis of @entity5 cells and significantly inhibited @entity5 angiogenesis in vivo. CONCLUSION: We describe a novel strategy for improving the anti- @entity5 response of CD8(+)CD28(+) CTLs by combining them with FA-CS-mIP-10 nanoparticles.

title: XXXX -modified Chitosan Nanoparticles Containing the @entity15369 Gene Enhance Melanoma-specific Cytotoxic CD8(+)CD28(+) T Lymphocyte Responses.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor', 'malignant cancers', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma']

answer: @entity1501 :: (MESH:D005492,Chemical) :: ['Folate']