abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate initial experience with @entity419 PET/CT after pulmonary radiofrequency ablation of stage IA @entity1149 to determine whether treatment success or @entity66 can be predicted with early postablation PET. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Thirty @entity1 with medically inoperable stage IA @entity1149 (12 @entity1 , 18 @entity1 ; median age, 76 years; range, 60-87 years) underwent outpatient CT-guided radiofrequency ablation over a 33-month period. Mean @entity5 size was 2.0 cm (range, 1.3-2.9 cm). PET/CT was performed within 60 days before radiofrequency ablation (RFA), within 4 days after RFA, and 6 months after RFA. Metabolic response was categorized as complete response or partial or no response at early post-RFA PET/CT and complete response, partial response, or progressive @entity209 at 6-month post-RFA PET/CT and was compared with the 1-year clinical event rate ( @entity204 , disease progression at contrast-enhanced CT, or repeat ablation). RESULTS: Early PET/CT images, obtained within 4 days of RFA, were evaluable for 26 @entity1 (23 at 6 months). @entity1 with a complete metabolic response at early PET/CT had a 1-year event rate of 43%, whereas those with partial or no response or disease progression had a 1-year event rate of 67% (p = 0.27). @entity1 with a complete metabolic response at 6-month PET/CT had a 1-year event rate of 0%. Those with a partial response and those with disease progression had an overall event rate of 75% (p = 0.001). CONCLUSION: Early post-RFA PET/CT is not necessary and 6-month post-RFA PET/CT findings correlate better with clinical outcome at 1 year.

title: Radiofrequency ablation of medically inoperable stage IA XXXX : are early posttreatment PET findings predictive of treatment outcome?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['residual disease']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic disease']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']


abstract: @entity2025 and reactivation has been associated with the @entity32 and transient decrease in immunocompetence after surgery and local @entity130 . In addition, @entity2025 is known to impair wound @entity446 , increase risk of @entity2318 , and impede connective tissue graft transplantation. To our knowledge, this is the first case of @entity2025 complicating @entity2419 repair presented in literature. In this report, we present a case of primary @entity2025 occurring in a healthy 26-month-old @entity1 after repair of the secondary @entity2419 with mucoperichondrial flaps and V-Y pushback. The @entity1 developed high fever on postoperative day 1, which was followed by @entity75 and multiple intraoral ulcerations involving the lips, palate, and posterior pharynx. Unknown to the surgeons, the @entity1 was exposed to HSV before surgery by a sibling with @entity2025 . The infective cause was ascertained via polymerase chain reaction for @entity3307 DNA, and the @entity281 was treated with topical and intravenous @entity1033 for 1 week. The @entity1 recovered well with adequate flap @entity446 , good aesthetic outcome, and no complications on 1-month follow-up. This report underscores the importance of prompt recognition of herpetic infections in the @entity1 with craniofacial surgery and reviews the association and complications of @entity2025 in surgical @entity446 . Early identification with prompt antiviral therapy and meticulous wound care are essential to ameliorate the @entity2318 and delayed wound @entity446 associated with @entity2025 .

title: Herpes simplex 1 stomatitis after XXXX repair: a case report and guidelines for management.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1033 :: ('MESH:D000212', 'Chemical') :: ['acyclovir']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['perioral vesicular lesions']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity2025 :: ('MESH:D020031', 'Disease') :: ['Herpes simplex virus (HSV) primary infection', 'orolabial HSV infection', 'HSV infection']

entities_list: @entity2419 :: ('MESH:D002972', 'Disease') :: ['cleft palate']

answer: @entity2419 :: (MESH:D002972,Disease) :: ['cleft palate']


abstract: We have recently reported that @entity1 with @entity132 demonstrate increased terminal errors when performing @entity245 reaches and that right-brain damaged @entity1 (irrespective of neglect) take longer to complete their movements [Rossit, S., Muir, K., Reeves, I., Duncan, G., Birschel, P., _ Harvey, M. (2009). Immediate and delayed reaching in @entity132 . Neuropsychologiaa 47, 1563-1573]. Here we conducted an initial voxel-based lesion-symptom analysis to examine the neural basis of such deficits in 21 right-brain damaged subjects with 11 @entity1 suffering from @entity132 (2 more than in Rossit et al. [Rossit S., Muir K., Reeves I., Duncan, G., Birschel, P., _ Harvey, M. (2009). Immediate and delayed reaching in @entity132 . Neuropsychologia 47, 1563-1573] and 10 control @entity1 without the condition. We found that the @entity73 in @entity245 reaches were associated with damage to occipito-temporal areas. In contrast, the movement time slowing was related to more anterior lesions in the frontal lobe. These findings agree with the view that neglect affects actions thought to depend on the processing carried out by the ventral visual stream. In addition, we suggest that the @entity73 which are not neglect-specific maybe be driven by frontal structures.

title: The neural basis of visuomotor deficits in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['timing impairments', 'accuracy impairments']

entities_list: @entity245 :: ('MESH:D002658', 'Disease') :: ['delayed leftward']

entities_list: @entity132 :: ('MESH:D010468', 'Disease') :: ['hemispatial neglect']

answer: @entity132 :: (MESH:D010468,Disease) :: ['hemispatial neglect']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Chronic levodopa (L-dopa) treatment in @entity191 ( @entity191 ) is often associated with the development of motor complications, but the corresponding epidemiological data is rare in Chinese @entity191 @entity1 . The present survey was to investigate the prevalence rate of wearing-off ( @entity3356 ) and @entity910 among the @entity1 with @entity191 in China. METHODS: From May 2012 to October 2012, a 3-step registry survey for @entity3356 ( @entity3356 ) and @entity910 @entity1 with @entity191 receiving levodopa therapy was performed simultaneously at 28 @entity717 clinics in China. RESULTS: There were 1,558 @entity191 @entity1 fulfilling the inclusion criteria. Among them, 1,051 had at least one positive response of 9-item @entity3356 questionnaire (WOQ-9), 724 and 160 @entity1 were finally diagnosed with @entity3356 and @entity910 by @entity717 specialists, respectively. The overall prevalence rates of @entity3356 and @entity910 were 46.5% (95% CI 44.0% - 48.9%) and 10.3% (95% CI 8.8% - 11.8%), respectively. The mean score of WOQ-9 for those with @entity3356 was 3.8 (SD   =   1.8), with @entity717 being the most common motor symptoms and @entity158 /aching being the most common non-motor symptoms. Better improvement of motor symptoms (n   =   354, 87.8%) and long-term disease control and drug selection (n   =   288, 71.5%) were the two most frequently considered factors when @entity717 specialists adjusted therapeutic strategies for @entity1 with @entity3356 . CONCLUSIONS: This survey provided the first multi-center epidemiological data of motor complications among @entity191 @entity1 on L-dopa therapy from mainland China. @entity3356 prevalence rate among Chinese @entity191 @entity1 was in line with, while @entity910 prevalence rate was lower than previous reports from other Countries.

title: Prevalence of wearing-off and @entity910 among the @entity1 with XXXX on levodopa therapy: a multi-center registry survey in mainland China.

entities_list: @entity3356 :: ('MESH:D057085', 'Disease') :: ['WO', 'wearing off']

entities_list: @entity910 :: ('MESH:D004409', 'Disease') :: ['dyskinesia']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease", 'PD']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['movement disorders', 'movement slowness']

answer: @entity191 :: (MESH:D010300,Disease) :: ['Parkinson's disease']


abstract: OBJECT: Functional results after surgery for @entity5513 that have little or no growth within the internal auditory canal are controversial, because these medial tumors can grow to a considerable size within the cerebellopontine angle (CPA) before symptoms occur. METHODS: A prospective study was designed to evaluate the surgical implications of the course of the @entity2103 within the CPA on medial @entity5513 . This study included a consecutive series of 22 @entity1 with medial @entity5513 (mean size 32 mm, range 17-52 mm) who underwent surgery via a suboccipitolateral approach between 1997 and 2001. All @entity1 underwent pre- and postoperative magnetic resonance imaging and preoperative electromyography (EMG). Evaluation was based on continuous intraoperative EMG monitoring and video recordings of the procedure. All @entity1 were reevaluated at a mean of 19 months (6-50 months) postsurgery. Preoperative evaluation of @entity2103 revealed House-Brackmann Grade I in six, Grade II in 14, and Grade III in two @entity1 . During surgery a distinct splitting of the nerve at the root exit zone through its intracisternal course was seen in eight @entity1 and documented by selective electrical stimulation. The @entity2103 was separated into a smaller portion that ran cranially and parallel to the trigeminal nerve, and a larger portion on the anterior @entity5 surface. Both components joined anterior to the porus without major spreading of the nerve bundle. In two cases the nerve was found on the posterior surface of the @entity5 . In one case the @entity2103 entered the porus of the canal at its lower part, obtaining the expected anatomical position proximally within the middle portion of the canal. An anterior cranial, middle (five cases each), or caudal course (two cases) was seen in the remaining @entity1 . After surgery, @entity2103 deteriorated in most cases; on follow-up evaluation House-Brackmann Grade I was found in 11, Grades II and III in 10, and Grade V in one @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: The @entity2103 requires special attention in surgery for medial @entity5513 , because an atypical course of the nerve can be expected in the majority of cases. A split course of the nerve was found in 36% of the cases presented. Meticulous use of intraoperative @entity2103 stimulation and continuous monitoring ensures @entity2103 integrity and offers good functional results in @entity1 with medial @entity5513 .

title: The XXXX in medial @entity5513 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5513 :: ('MESH:D009464', 'Disease') :: ['acoustic neuromas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cranial tumor']

entities_list: @entity2103 :: ('MESH:D005155', 'Disease') :: ['facial nerve', 'facial nerve function']

answer: @entity2103 :: (MESH:D005155,Disease) :: ['facial nerve']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Little is known about the impact of quality of anticoagulation control, as reflected by time in therapeutic range (TTR), on the effectiveness and safety of @entity1229 therapy in Chinese @entity1 with @entity955 . We investigated the risks of @entity385 and @entity932 ( @entity932 ) in relation to @entity1229 at various TTRs in a real-world cohort of Chinese @entity1 with @entity955 receiving @entity1229 and compared with those on @entity3926 , @entity117 , and no therapy. METHODS: This is an observational study. RESULTS: Of 8754 Chinese @entity1 with @entity955 and CHA2DS2-VASc >= 1 (79.5  9.2 years; CHA2DS2-VASc, 4.1  1.5; and @entity101 , Abnormal Renal/Liver Function, @entity64 , Bleeding History or Predisposition, Labile International Normalized Ratio, Elderly (>65 years), Drugs/ @entity167 Concomitantly [HAS-BLED], 2.2  0.9), 16.3% received @entity1229 , 41.1% @entity117 , 4.5% @entity3926 , and 38.1% received no therapy. The incidence of @entity385 was highest in @entity1 with no therapy (10.38%/y), followed by @entity1 on @entity117 (7.95%/y). The incidence of @entity64 decreased progressively with increasing TTR quartiles (<17.9%, 17.9%-38.8%, 38.8%-56.2%, and >56.2%) from 7.34%/y (first quartile) to 3.10%/y (fourth quartile). @entity1 on @entity3926 had the lowest incidence of @entity64 among all groups (2.24%/y). The incidence of @entity932 was lowest in @entity1 on @entity3926 (0.32%/y) compared with those on @entity1229 (0.90%/y), @entity117 (0.80%/y), and no therapy (0.53%/y). @entity932 incidence decreased with increasing TTR from 1.37%/y (first quartile) to 0.74%/y (fourth quartile). CONCLUSIONS: In Chinese @entity1 with @entity955 , the benefits of @entity1229 therapy for @entity64 prevention and @entity932 risk are closely dependent on the quality of anticoagulation, as reflected by TTR. Even at the top TTR quartile, @entity1229 was associated with a @entity64 and @entity932 risk than @entity3926 .

title: @entity385 and @entity932 with @entity117 , @entity3926 , and XXXX : impact of quality of anticoagulation control.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity932 :: ('MESH:D020300', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial hemorrhage', 'ICH']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'Stroke', 'higher stroke']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['Hypertension']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['Alcohol']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity3926 :: ('MESH:C554682', 'Chemical') :: ['dabigatran']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity1229 :: ('MESH:D014859', 'Chemical') :: ['warfarin']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity1229 :: (MESH:D014859,Chemical) :: ['warfarin']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Inflammatory @entity850 in @entity235 and @entity468 have been rarely reported. The aim of this study was to describe nine cases and their treatment by digital bougienage. METHODS: Medical records of @entity235 and @entity468 referred for @entity1142 , @entity1142 or tenesmus and diagnosed with an inflammatory rectal stricture were obtained from the database of two referral centres between 2007 and 2014 and reviewed. RESULTS: Four @entity235 and five @entity468 met the inclusion criteria. Four of the five @entity468 were purebred kittens. Three @entity468 and two @entity235 had a history of @entity294 and two @entity235 had a history of bone ingestion. Digital rectal examination revealed @entity850 in all cases. Histopathology revealed a lymphoplasmacytic infiltration in all four @entity235 and in two @entity468 . All cases were treated by digital bougienage. A psyllium-enriched diet was prescribed in all @entity468 and in two @entity235 . A complete resolution of clinical signs was reported in all eight cases for which follow-up information was available. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Benign @entity850 associated with @entity344 should be routinely included in the differential diagnosis of @entity1142 , tenesmus and @entity1142 , especially after an episode of @entity294 . The treatment described here is simple, minimally invasive and effective in the long term.

title: Treatment of inflammatory XXXX by digital bougienage: a retrospective study of nine cases.

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['acute or chronic diarrhoea', 'diarrhoea']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal inflammation']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['rectal strictures']

entities_list: @entity1142 :: ('MESH:D003248', 'Disease') :: ['dyschezia', 'constipation']

answer: @entity850 :: (MESH:D003251,Disease) :: ['rectal strictures']


abstract: For @entity1 with recent @entity583 , the main determinants of prognosis are: extent of transmural @entity39 , state of the @entity1188 and the presence and extent of myocardium at risk. The basic principle underlying the use of stress echocardiography states that @entity296 produces abnormalities of regional wall motion which are by themselves early, sensitive and specific markers of decreased perfusion. @entity452 infusion allows for evaluation of myocardial contractile reserve by increasing inotropism. In low doses it gives us information on regional viability. In high doses, wall motion under increased @entity26 demand, it becomes dependent on the ability of the coronary arteries to increase blood flow. Dipyridamole induces coronary vasodilation. In low doses it produces an increase in the blood flow. In high doses the steal effect deviates blood from the regions dependent on stenosed arteries. Ischaemia and regional wall motion abnormalities ensue. A negative stress echocardiogram, either under @entity452 or @entity4341 , has an excellent negative predictive value while a positive stress echocardiogram is predictive of an increased rate of events in the follow-up.

title: [Stress echocardiography in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial ischaemia']

entities_list: @entity452 :: ('MESH:D004280', 'Chemical') :: ['Dobutamine', 'dobutamine']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity4341 :: ('MESH:D004176', 'Chemical') :: ['dipyridamole']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarct-related artery']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarct']


abstract: Study Design   Retrospective case series. Objective   @entity5039 ( @entity5039 ) or @entity5039 involves @entity4916 of the spinal column. @entity4916 involving the anterior margin of the cervical vertebrae can cause @entity7364 , @entity1353 , and/or @entity1282 . However, the natural history pertaining to the risk factors remain unknown. We present the surgical management of two cases of @entity1282 secondary to cervical @entity4916 and discuss the etiology and management of @entity5039 based on the literature review. Methods   This is a retrospective review of two @entity1 with @entity5039 . We reviewed the preoperative and postoperative images and clinical history. Results   Two @entity1 underwent anterior cervical osteophytectomies due to severe @entity1282 . At more than a year follow-up, both @entity1 noted improvement in swallowing as well as their associated @entity158 . Conclusion   The surgical @entity5040 can be highly successful in treating @entity1282 if refractory to prolonged conservative therapy.

title: XXXX Secondary to Anterior Osteophytes of the Cervical Spine.

entities_list: @entity4916 :: ('MESH:D015576', 'Disease') :: ['Hyperostosis', 'hyperostosis']

entities_list: @entity5040 :: ('MESH:D054850', 'Disease') :: ['removal of cervical osteophytes']

entities_list: @entity5039 :: ('MESH:D004057', 'Disease') :: ['Forestier disease', 'Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis', 'DISH', 'DISH and anterior cervical osteophytes']

entities_list: @entity7364 :: ('MESH:D055154', 'Disease') :: ['dysphonia']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['dysphagia']

answer: @entity1282 :: (MESH:D003680,Disease) :: ['Dysphagia']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The aim of the study was to assess the prognostic importance of basal @entity701 concentrations and @entity701 response to corticotropin, and to determine the effects of physiological dose @entity134 therapy on mortality in @entity1 with @entity295 . METHODS: Basal @entity701 level and corticotropin stimulation test were performed within 24 hours in all @entity1 . One group (20 @entity1 ) received standard therapy for @entity295 and physiological-dose @entity134 therapy for 10 days; the other group (20 @entity1 ) received only standard therapy for @entity295 . Basal @entity701 level was measured on the 14th day in @entity1 who recovered. The outcome of @entity295 was compared. RESULTS: Only Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score was found related to mortality, independent from other factors in multivariate analysis. No significant difference was found between the changes in the percentage of SOFA scores of the @entity134 therapy group and the standard therapy group in survivors, nor between the groups in basal and peak @entity701 levels, @entity701 response to corticotropin test and mortality. The mortality rates among @entity1 with occult @entity1887 were 40% in the @entity134 therapy group and 55.6% in the standard therapy group. DISCUSSION: There was a trend towards a decrease in the mortality rates of the @entity1 with @entity295 who received physiological-dose @entity134 therapy. In the advancing process from @entity295 to @entity326 , @entity1887 was not frequent as supposed. There was a trend (that did not reach significance) towards a decrease in the mortality rates of the @entity1 with @entity295 who received physiological-dose @entity134 therapy.

title: Physiological-dose @entity134 therapy in XXXX [ISRCTN36253388].

entities_list: @entity326 :: ('MESH:D012772', 'Disease') :: ['septic shock']

entities_list: @entity1887 :: ('MESH:D000309', 'Disease') :: ['adrenal insufficiency', 'adrenal insufficiencies']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

answer: @entity295 :: (MESH:D018805,Disease) :: ['sepsis']


abstract: Intracranial administration of @entity24661 / @entity24661 (N/OFQ) increases circulating concentrations of adrenocorticotrophic hormone and @entity2819 in unstressed @entity35 , and elevates the responsiveness of these hormones during mild stress. Furthermore, N/OFQ and its cognate receptor are both abundant in a variety of limbic nuclei, and stress exposure decreases neuronal N/OFQ content in forebrain neurons. In light of these and other findings, we examined the potential involvement of N/OFQ in regulation of @entity146 in @entity35 . In the open field, elevated plus maze, and dark-light neophobic tests, intracerebroventricular N/OFQ (1.0 pmole-1.0 nmole) increased the expression of @entity146 . Specifically, N/OFQ increased the latency to enter, decreased the number of entries into, and decreased the time spent in the exposed or brightly lit environments of all three tests. N/OFQ also enhanced thigmotactic responses in the open field test. The effects of @entity3175 and of the @entity1245 inverse agonist @entity12453 were also assessed in independent groups of @entity35 . In all three tests, the behavioral effects of N/OFQ resembled the anxiogenic actions of @entity12453 , and contrasted with the anxiolytic actions of @entity3175 . N/OFQ administration also increased circulating concentrations of @entity2819 during @entity148 testing, in comparison with the concentrations in vehicle-treated controls. We conclude that N/OFQ administration is anxiogenic, and elevates responsiveness of the hypothalamic @entity774 during neophobic tests of @entity148 . This supports the possibility that N/OFQ neurotransmission participates in processing of emotionally-salient and stressful stimuli, and suggests that normal functioning of the N/OFQ system may be important in physiological and psychological well-being.

title: @entity24661 / @entity24661 increases @entity148 -related behavior and circulating levels of XXXX during neophobic tests of @entity148 .

entities_list: @entity3175 :: ('MESH:D003975', 'Chemical') :: ['diazepam']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['anxiety-related behaviors']

entities_list: @entity2819 :: ('MESH:D003345', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosterone']

entities_list: @entity1245 :: ('MESH:D001569', 'Chemical') :: ['benzodiazepine']

entities_list: @entity774 :: ('MESH:D000312', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary-adrenal axis']

answer: @entity2819 :: (MESH:D003345,Chemical) :: ['corticosterone']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The management algorithm for @entity420 is not well defined. This study sought to determine whether @entity5 size or depth of invasion better correlates with the presence of lymph node @entity3 in @entity420 , and to compare these rates to @entity694 . STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective review of the National @entity5 Database was performed to identify @entity1 with @entity694 from 2004 to 2013 who underwent surgical resection. Cases were categorized by @entity5 size and by T stage. Rates of lymph node @entity3 were examined as a function of size and T stage. RESULTS: A total of 3,402 appendiceal and 314,864 colonic cases were identified. For @entity420 , larger @entity5 size was associated with higher T stage: Pearson correlation of 0.41 (95% CI 0.408-0.414, p<0.001). Lymph node @entity3 were present in 19.1%, 27.8%, 39.6%, 39.4%, 42.4% and 39.1% for @entity5 sizes <1cm, >1-2cm, >2-3cm, >3-4cm, >4-5cm and >5cm, respectively; lymph node @entity3 were present in 0%, 11.2%, 12.3%, 35.5%, and 40.0% for in situ, T1, T2, T3, and T4 @entity5 , respectively. There was no difference in the rates of lymph node @entity3 between appendiceal and @entity694 for @entity5 sizes <3cm, as well as for in situ and T1 @entity5 . Rates of lymph node @entity3 are higher in @entity694 for @entity5 sizes >3cm and for T2, T3 and T4 @entity5 (p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: In @entity420 , the rate of lymph node @entity3 is substantial, even for small @entity5 . @entity5 size should play no role in the decision of whether to perform a hemicolectomy. Appendectomy alone does not produce an adequate lymph node sample. Right hemicolectomy should be performed for all @entity420 .

title: Lymph Node Positivity in XXXX : Should Size Matter?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor', 'Cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['appendiceal or colonic adenocarcinoma', 'colon adenocarcinoma', 'colonic adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['appendiceal adenocarcinomas', 'appendiceal adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity420 :: (MESH:D000230,Disease) :: ['Appendiceal Adenocarcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Increased levels of delay discounting have been associated with @entity988 and problematic levels of drinking. Attempts to assess the directionality of this relationship by studying individuals with a family history of @entity988 as well as rodent lines selectively bred for high home cage @entity167 preference have yielded discordant results. One possible reason for this discordance is that increased levels of delay discounting may only track with specific processes that lead to addiction vulnerability. This study investigated this possibility by assessing 3 strains of @entity35 previously identified to exhibit heritable differences in @entity1068 ( @entity167 ) seeking and consumption. METHODS: In an adjusting amount delay discounting task, @entity167 -preferring ( @entity7956 who display high levels of both @entity167 seeking and consumption were compared to high @entity167 -drinking (HAD2) @entity35 who only exhibit moderate @entity167 seeking despite high levels of consumption, and Long Evans (LE) @entity35 who display moderate seeking and consumption. @entity167 -seeking and consumption phenotypes were subsequently confirmed in an operant self-administration task with a procedural separation between @entity167 seeking and drinking. RESULTS: @entity7956 discounted delayed rewards to a greater extent than both HAD2s and LE who did not show differences in discounting. Moreover, the @entity167 -seeking and drinking phenotypes were replicated with @entity7956 displaying greater @entity167 seeking compared to both the HAD2s and LE, and both the HAD2s and @entity7956 consuming more @entity167 than LEs. CONCLUSIONS: Only the high-seeking strain, the @entity7956 , exhibited increased levels of delay discounting. This suggests that this measure of behavioral under-control is specifically associated with @entity167 -related appetitive, but not consummatory, processes as the moderate seeking/high drinking line did not show increased levels of impulsivity. This finding supports the hypothesis that delay discounting is specifically associated with only certain processes which are sufficient but not necessary to confer addiction vulnerability and therefore also supports increased levels of delay discounting as a predisposing risk factor for @entity988 .

title: Increased delay discounting tracks with a high @entity1068 -seeking phenotype and subsequent XXXX seeking but not consumption.

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol', 'EtOH']

entities_list: @entity988 :: ('MESH:D000437', 'Disease') :: ['alcoholism']

answer: @entity1068 :: (MESH:D000431,Chemical) :: ['ethanol']


abstract: Post- @entity63 changes in ecto- @entity141 -ATPase activity in microglia and the infarcted tissue were studied in a @entity35 model of focal @entity2806 using an enzyme histochemical method. Ecto- @entity141 -ATPase activity was observed in whole brains in non-operated and sham-operated control animals. In addition, this enzyme activity was determined to be localized in ramified microglia. At 30 min after @entity63 , non-microglial ecto- @entity141 -ATPase activity in the infarcted tissue slightly decreased and continued to decrease thereafter. The ecto- @entity141 -ATPase activity in microglia did not appear changed at this time. The decrease of enzyme activity in the infarcted tissue made it much easier to clearly observe ecto- @entity141 -ATPase-positive microglia. The enzyme activity of microglia in the @entity63 area began to decrease 2 or 4h after embolization and remarkably decreased, except in the perinuclear cytoplasm, apical parts of the processes, and several parts along the processes, 8h after @entity63 . By 12h after onset of embolization, the enzyme activity of microglia and infarcted tissue had almost completely disappeared. Ecto- @entity141 -ATPase of microglia is likely to play an important role in the metabolism of extracellular @entity2036 in the @entity63 area immediately after the onset of embolization by means of ecto-enzymes. Thus, the findings of the present study suggest that microglia might serve to protect the infarcted tissue in the @entity63 brain.

title: Microglial ecto- XXXX -ATPase activity in a @entity35 model of focal homologous blood clot @entity2806 : an enzyme histochemical study.

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['embolic cerebral ischemia']

entities_list: @entity2036 :: ('MESH:D009711', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotides']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia', 'ischemic']

answer: @entity141 :: (CHEBI:29108,Chemical) :: ['Ca(2+)']


abstract: @entity1274 is an extremely clinical and genetic @entity74 in @entity1 . Especially, @entity393 is subdivided by combinations of various phenotypes, and each subtype is related to different genes. We present a new form of progressive @entity393 with @entity2704 found to be associated with a variant in the @entity10599 gene. The @entity10599 gene has been reported as the major genetic cause of @entity2704 by several previous studies. A Korean family presenting progressive @entity393 with @entity2704 was ascertained. The affected members did not show any aura or other neurologic symptoms during @entity2704 attacks, indicating on a novel phenotype of @entity393 . To identify the causative gene, linkage analysis and whole-exome sequencing were performed. A novel missense variant, @entity55665 ( @entity65620 ), was identified in the @entity10599 gene that showed co-segregation with the phenotype in the family. In silico studies suggest that this variant causes a change in hydrophobic interactions and thereby slightly destabilize the A-domain of @entity4024 / @entity3529 -ATPase. However, functional studies failed to show any effect of the p.( @entity65620 ) substitution on the catalytic rate of this enzyme. We describe a new phenotype of progressive @entity393 with @entity2704 associated with a variant in the @entity10599 gene. This study suggests that a variant in @entity4024 / @entity3529 -ATPase can be involved in both @entity2704 and @entity393 .

title: A missense variant of the @entity10599 gene is associated with a novel phenotype of progressive @entity1274 associated with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2704 :: ('MESH:D008881', 'Disease') :: ['migraine', 'familial migraine']

entities_list: @entity1274 :: ('MESH:D006319', 'Disease') :: ['Hereditary sensorineural hearing loss']

entities_list: @entity65620 :: ('p|SUB|V|191|M', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['Val191Met', 'p.(Val191Met)']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['heterogeneous disorder']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing loss', 'syndromic hearing loss']

answer: @entity2704 :: (MESH:D008881,Disease) :: ['migraine']


abstract: @entity3900 was extensively purified (1300- to 1400-fold) from rat serum using Sephadex G-100 chromatography. It eluted at a position corresponding to a molecular mass of about 15 kDa. This one purification step gave two bands on @entity3208 - @entity2975 gel electrophoresis. The faster component had a molecular mass of 16 kDa and the slower band likely contained an aggregate of the faster component. Activity was associated with protein bands on nondenaturing gels. Enzyme activity was assessed using @entity2434 or @entity3633 labelled at sn position 2 with radioactive @entity3899 . @entity3633 gave higher specific activities than @entity2434 . The enzyme has an absolute requirement for @entity141 and a pH optimum at 7.4. This pH optimum was more prominent for @entity3633 . Activity was inhibited by @entity3952 or @entity3899 when @entity2434 was used as substrate, but added free @entity844 did not significantly affect the hydrolysis of @entity3633 . Addition of bovine serum albumin ( @entity844 free) to assays increased the rate of release of @entity3899 from @entity2434 , but not from @entity3633 . @entity3900 is present in serum likely as a consequence of @entity1003 and may release @entity1718 from cellular membranes following @entity548 .

title: Properties of XXXX isolated from rat serum.

entities_list: @entity844 :: ('CHEBI:35366', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity3208 :: ('MESH:D012967', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium dodecyl sulfate']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity2434 :: ('MESH:D010713', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphatidylcholine']

entities_list: @entity1003 :: ('MESH:D001778', 'Disease') :: ['blood coagulation']

entities_list: @entity3633 :: ('MESH:C483858', 'Chemical') :: ['Phosphatidylethanolamine', 'phosphatidylethanolamine']

entities_list: @entity2975 :: ('CHEBI:51135', 'Chemical') :: ['polyacrylamide']

entities_list: @entity3899 :: ('CHEBI:32395', 'Chemical') :: ['arachidonate']

entities_list: @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acids']

answer: @entity3900 :: (151056,Gene) :: ['phospholipase A2']


abstract: AIM: To determine the period prevalence and nature of @entity4373 ( @entity4373 ) use among paediatric @entity341 ( @entity341 ) @entity1 and the perceptions of @entity4373 among the @entity4373 administrators. METHODS: A survey was undertaken in four Victorian EDs (January to September 2013). A convenience sample of parents/carers accompanying paediatric @entity1 completed a self-administered questionnaire. The main outcome measures were @entity4373 use and perceptions of @entity4373 . RESULTS: The parents/carers of 883 @entity1 participated. Three hundred eighty-eight (43.9%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 40.6-47.3) and 53 (6.0%, 95% CI 4.6-7.8) @entity1 had taken a @entity4373 within the previous 12 months and on the day of presentation, respectively. There were no gender differences between @entity4373 users and non-users (P = 0.83). The use of @entity4373 was significantly more common among older @entity1 (P < 0.001), those with European ethnicity (P = 0.046) and among those with @entity102 (P < 0.01). Fish oil, garlic, chamomile and acidophilus were the most commonly used @entity4373 . Only 4.4% of @entity4373 use was reported to the @entity341 doctor. There were reports of potentially dangerous @entity4373 use (St John's wort, @entity9052 ). Parents/carers who had administered @entity4373 were more likely to report that CAMs are safe, drug free and could prevent illness (P < 0.01). In addition, a number of this group reported that CAMs are more effective than prescription medicines and safe when taken with prescription medicines. CONCLUSION: @entity4373 use is common among paediatric @entity341 @entity1 although rarely reported to the @entity341 doctor. Parents/carers who administer @entity4373 have differing perceptions of @entity4373 safety from those who do not.

title: Complementary and alternative medicine use among paediatric XXXX @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4373 :: ('MESH:C536589', 'Disease') :: ['complementary and alternative medicine', 'CAM']

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['emergency department', 'ED']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic disease']

answer: @entity341 :: (MESH:D004630,Disease) :: ['emergency department']


abstract: The uncommon aggressive @entity977 are named @entity189 when @entity3 are detected, either in the central nervous system and/or systemically. Some cases are associated with hormonal overproduction, but most are diagnosed because of local symptoms. These @entity5 are generally refractory to current treatments. A 51 year-old @entity1 presented sudden onset of @entity10 , @entity1002 and left @entity1183 . Computed tomography scan and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a @entity977 invading the left sphenoidal and cavernous sinuses. Laboratory data excluded hormonal hypersecretion. The @entity1 underwent transsphenoidal surgery and histological findings showed a @entity5 with Ki-67 estimated at 75%. Medical imaging excluded both a primary @entity1221 . Three weeks postoperatively, @entity16 worsened, with new onset of @entity2055 , @entity4610 and an increase in the size of the lesion, leading to surgical intervention by craniotomy, followed by only a few sessions of radiotherapy, because of severe disease progression. @entity1 died nearly 2 months after the initial manifestations. This case illustrates the @entity146 of some @entity4611 , the limited efficacy of current treatment modalities such as surgery or radiotherapy and the pitfalls of the current @entity977 classification. To our knowledge, this case corresponds to one of the most aggressive @entity977 reported so far, with a very high Ki-67 index (75%) and short survival (2 months). Ki-67 index could be of prognostic value in @entity977 . @entity977 World Health Organization (WHO) classification could be revisited.

title: Aggressive XXXX with a remarkably high Ki-67.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity1183 :: ('MESH:D006987', 'Disease') :: ['facial hypoesthesia']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressiveness']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplasias', 'neoplasia']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological condition']

entities_list: @entity1221 :: ('MESH:D016543', 'Disease') :: ['occult tumor and central nervous system or systemic dissemination']

entities_list: @entity2055 :: ('MESH:D001259', 'Disease') :: ['ataxia, bilateral ptosis']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity4611 :: ('MESH:D010900', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary lesions']

entities_list: @entity4610 :: ('MESH:D009886', 'Disease') :: ['ophthalmoplegia']

entities_list: @entity977 :: ('MESH:D010911', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary neoplasms', 'Pituitary tumors', 'pituitary tumor', 'pituitary tumors']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['left arm paresis']

answer: @entity4611 :: (MESH:D010900,Disease) :: ['pituitary lesion']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Previous studies evaluating correlates of stent @entity715 (ST) have included mostly @entity1 with bare metal stents and early-generation drug-eluting stents ( @entity2283 ) and have not systematically evaluated the role of intravascular ultrasound-guided stenting and high platelet reactivity on @entity1397 . The purpose of this study was to evaluate the frequency and correlates of ST in @entity1 receiving @entity2283 , specifically examining the impact of risk factors modifiable by physician and @entity1 behavior. METHODS AND RESULTS: Assessment of Dual Anti-platelet Therapy With Drug-Eluting Stents ( @entity2283 ) was a multicenter, prospective study in @entity1 undergoing successful coronary intervention with @entity2283 in whom routine platelet reactivity testing was performed. Definite or probable ST occurred in 92 (1.1%) of 8582 @entity1 within 2 years. Independent baseline correlates of ST included presentation with an @entity1187 (hazard ratio [HR]=1.81, P=0.01), insulin-treated @entity6 (HR=1.91, P=0.02), previous @entity583 (HR=1.75, P=0.02), and @entity3657 (HR=2.01, P=0.01). Independent treatment-related correlates included use of early generation @entity2283 (HR=1.75, P=0.02), no procedural intravascular ultrasound guidance (HR=1.75, P=0.04), and premature discontinuation of dual antiplatelet therapy (HR=2.67, P=0.003); high platelet reactivity on @entity1397 trended as a correlate of ST (HR=1.49, P=0.08). The 2-year risk of ST ranged from 0.3% to 10.0% when 0 to 3 modifiable risk factors were present. CONCLUSIONS: After successful @entity2283 implantation, ST occurred within 2 years in 1.1% of @entity1 and was strongly associated with fixed and modifiable risk factors. The frequency of ST may be reduced with intravascular ultrasound -guided stenting, assiduous adherence to dual antiplatelet therapy, and adequate P2Y12 platelet receptor inhibition. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00638794.

title: Fixed and Modifiable Correlates of Drug-Eluting Stent XXXX From a Large All-Comers Registry: Insights From @entity2283 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['acute coronary syndrome']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity3657 :: ('MESH:D058729', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral arterial disease']

entities_list: @entity1397 :: ('MESH:C055162', 'Chemical') :: ['clopidogrel']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

answer: @entity715 :: (MESH:D013927,Disease) :: ['Thrombosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity111 is a common disabling problem in @entity1 with advanced @entity454 . Few studies have evaluated the clinical characteristics of uremic itch. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this multicenter study was to provide a comprehensive description of the prevalence and clinical characteristics of @entity111 affecting @entity1 with @entity454 who are undergoing hemodialysis. METHODS: A detailed questionnaire recently developed was used to evaluate @entity111 in 219 @entity1 undergoing hemodialysis treatment in 3 dialysis units. We examined the relationship of the quality of dialysis and various factors and medical parameters to itch. RESULTS: @entity111 was a common symptom in the study population. Approximately 66% of the @entity1 had @entity111 at some point, and 48% were affected by it at the time of the study. There was no correlation between the occurrence of @entity111 and demographic or medical parameters (type of @entity8 , medical management, dialysis efficacy as expressed by Kt/V) of the @entity1 . The data suggest that @entity1381 tends to be prolonged, frequent, and intense, and it can impair the @entity1 's quality of life including a negative effect on sleep and mood. Major factors found to exacerbate @entity111 include rest, heat, dry skin, and sweat. Major factors found to reduce @entity111 include activity, sleep, hot and cold shower, and cold. Treatment with angiotensin inhibitors seemed to be more common among those with @entity5507 who had itch (P =.02) whereas @entity1483 was more commonly used among those who never itched (P =.002). CONCLUSION: This study provides a detailed description of @entity1381 with new data on its characteristics including affective and sensory dimensions and associated symptoms.

title: Prevalence and characterization of @entity1381 in @entity1 undergoing hemodialysis: @entity1381 is still a major problem for XXXX with @entity454 .

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity1483 :: ('MESH:D005665', 'Chemical') :: ['furosemide']

entities_list: @entity111 :: ('MESH:D011537', 'Disease') :: ['Pruritus', 'pruritus']

entities_list: @entity1381 :: ('MESH:D006463', 'Disease') :: ['uremic pruritus']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage renal disease']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity12901 by proxy (MSBP), more formally known as @entity13593 imposed on another, is a form of abuse in which a caregiver deliberately produces or feigns illness in a @entity1 under his or her care so that the proxy will receive medical care that gratifies the caregiver. Although well documented in the pediatric literature, few cases of MSBP with adult proxies (MSB-AP) have been reported. This study reviews existing literature on MSB-AP to provide a framework for clinicians to recognize this disorder. METHODS: We searched Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Knowledge, and PsychINFO, supplemented by bibliographic examination. RESULTS: We identified 13 cases of MSB-AP. Perpetrators were caregivers, most (62%) were @entity1 , and many worked in healthcare. The age range of the victims was 21 to 82 years. Most were unaware of the abuse, although in 2 cases the victim may have colluded with the perpetrator. Disease fabrication most often resulted from @entity4968 . CONCLUSIONS: MSB-AP should be included in the differential diagnosis of @entity1 presenting with a complex constellation of symptoms without a unifying etiology and an overly involved caregiver with suspected @entity1017 . Early identification is necessary so that healthcare providers do not unknowingly perpetuate harm through treatments that satisfy the perpetrator's psychological needs at the proxy's expense. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2014.    2014 Society of Hospital Medicine.

title: XXXX by adult proxy: A review of the literature.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'person']

entities_list: @entity4968 :: ('MESH:D011041', 'Disease') :: ['poisoning']

entities_list: @entity12901 :: ('MESH:D009110', 'Disease') :: ['Munchausen syndrome']

entities_list: @entity13593 :: ('MESH:D005162', 'Disease') :: ['factitious disorder']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['psychological gain']

answer: @entity12901 :: (MESH:D009110,Disease) :: ['Munchausen syndrome']


abstract: CONTEXT: Given the probable importance of the alpha4 subunit of the neuronal nicotinic @entity934 receptor, the gene that codes for this subunit ( @entity6786 ) represents an excellent starting point for a genetic investigation of smoking behavior. OBJECTIVE: To achieve a better understanding of the role of this gene in the cause and treatment of @entity286 @entity734 , we adopted a transdisciplinary pharmacogenetic approach. DESIGN: Study at the behavioral and clinical levels of analysis. SETTING: Academic research. @entity1 : Smokers (n = 316) between the ages of 18 and 50 years were recruited from the Denver, Colorado, metropolitan area. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Bioinformatics analyses, cell culture experiments, and analyses of @entity6786 expression and @entity1239 binding in postmortem @entity1 brain tissue advanced 2 single-nucleotide polymorphisms ( @entity63861 and @entity63862 ). RESULTS: Both single-nucleotide polymorphisms were associated with subjective responses to smoking in the laboratory among 316 smokers. Likewise, among 353 @entity1 in a clinical trial, @entity63862 was associated with smoking cessation outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Results of analyses ranging from basic biological approaches to clinical outcome data provide consistent evidence that 2 single-nucleotide polymorphisms in @entity6786 are functional at a biological level and are associated with @entity1239 @entity734 phenotypes. This interdisciplinary approach to the genetics of @entity1239 @entity734 provides a model for testing how functional genetic variation is translated from changes in messenger RNA and protein to individual differences in behavior and treatment outcome.

title: XXXX and @entity286 @entity734 : from gene regulation to treatment outcome.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'human', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity1239 :: ('MESH:D009538', 'Chemical') :: ['nicotine']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['dependence']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity6786 :: (1137,Gene) :: ['CHRNA4']


abstract: Nineteen @entity1 (8 @entity1 , 11 @entity1 ) were evaluated in a total of 47 three-day sessions across three summers. @entity1 were ranked according to Tanner's stages of secondary sexual characteristics. Nocturnal sleep was recorded from 2200 to 0800 hr each night. Multiple sleep latency tests were given at 2 hr intervals from 0930 each day. Nocturnal sleep time and REM sleep time remained constant across Tanner stages. Slow wave sleep time declined progressively across Tanner stages, with a 40% reduction from prepuberty to maturity. @entity25 was significantly greater in subjects at Tanner stages 3 and 4 than at Tanner stages 1 and 2. Subjects at Tanner stage 5 tended to be as sleepy as Tanner stage 3 and 4 subjects but did not differ significantly from the less mature subjects. No gender differences were found in @entity25 for @entity1 at similar Tanner stages. More mature @entity1 were significantly sleepier at 1330 and 1530 than in the late afternoon and evening.

title: Pubertal changes in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children', 'boys', 'girls']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['daytime sleepiness', 'Daytime sleepiness']

answer: @entity25 :: (MESH:D012893,Disease) :: ['daytime sleepiness']


abstract: HISTOLOGY AND CLINICAL FINDINGS: A 63-year-old @entity1 presented with a firm and crusting umbilical mass which had developed within several weeks. The @entity5 was 1.5 cm in diameter. There were no other diseases in the @entity1 's history. Physical examination was normal except the umbilical @entity5 . INVESTIGATIONS: Histologic examination revealed a @entity189 corresponding to a @entity3 of an @entity420 which could be a @entity1086 or the pancreas. Initially the following clinical examination of the @entity1 showed no pathological findings: gastroscopy and coloscopy gave no hint for a @entity189 . Computed tomography of the abdomen revealed a thickened gallbladder wall with an irregular intraluminal contour suspicious of a @entity1086 . During surgery the gallbladder showed a clearly thickened wall. There were numerous @entity75 on the peritoneum. A cholecystectomy was performed and the umbilical @entity3 was excised. DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT AND COURSE: Histologic examination revealed a metastatic @entity420 with tumorous infiltration of the liver tissue and a solitary @entity3 in the skin (>Sister Mary Joseph's nodule<). During wound healing there were no complications and the @entity1 was demitted 10 days after surgery. Following a recovery phase at home a palliative chemotherapy was planned. Because the @entity1 's general condition worsened he was readmitted to the hospital. He presented with a considerable @entity417 and an icterus. Sonography revealed a @entity5 measuring 4 cm in diameter. The intrahepatic bile ducts were congested. A stent was inserted by endoscopic retrograde pancreaticocholangiography. During the following weeks the @entity1 's general condition worsened rapidly and he died 9 months after the skin @entity3 had occurred. CONCLUSION: A rapidly developing umbilical mass (>Sister Mary Joseph's nodule<) is suspicious of an underlying @entity420 . The necessary examination and therapy including excision of the umbilical @entity3 is warranted without delay.

title: [Umbilical @entity3 of a XXXX : "Sister Mary Joseph's nodule"].

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'hilar tumor']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomatous lesions']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['malignant epithelial tumor', 'primary carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity1086 :: ('MESH:D005706', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma of the gallbladder', 'gallbladder carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma of the gallbladder', 'metastatic adenocarcinoma', 'adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity1086 :: (MESH:D005706,Disease) :: ['gallbladder carcinoma']


abstract: @entity14018 ( @entity14018 ) is an analog of double stranded RNA, which is a common replication intermediate for many viruses. It acts through a toll-like receptor ( @entity15905 ) to induce a group of cytokines that can mediate host resistance to viruses and some @entity5 . The effect of @entity1068 ( @entity167 ) on induction of this set of cytokines has not been determined. @entity19 were treated with a single dose of @entity167 (by gavage) at the same time as @entity14018 was administered (intraperitoneally), and cytokine mRNA expression was measured by RNAse protection assay. Concentrations of @entity12419 , @entity1618 , and IL-12 in the serum were measured by ELISA. A single dose of @entity167 suppressed induction of mRNA for @entity12419 , @entity12421 , @entity60 , @entity777 , @entity42315 , IL-12, and @entity21692 . The concentrations of @entity12419 and IL-12 in the serum were also decreased. In contrast, @entity1618 was minimally induced by @entity14018 alone, but it was substantially induced by @entity14018 plus @entity167 . Dose response and time course studies demonstrated that significant alterations of @entity12419 , @entity1618 , and IL-12 expression occurred at dosages as low as 4 g/kg (a dosage previously shown to produce blood @entity167 concentrations of approximately 0.2%) and that alterations persisted at least 4-6 hr after administration of @entity167 . The glucocorticoid synthesis inhibitor, @entity6239 , diminished @entity2819 levels to normal, but did not block the effects of @entity167 on cytokine expression. These results demonstrate that @entity167 affects the expression of @entity14018 -induced cytokines and that this action is not mediated by @entity2819 . These results plus previously published findings are consistent with the idea that @entity167 may be a generalized suppressor of toll-like receptor signaling.

title: Acute @entity1068 administration profoundly alters @entity14018 -induced cytokine expression in XXXX by a mechanism that is not dependent on @entity2819 .

entities_list: @entity14018 :: ('MESH:D011070', 'Chemical') :: ['Polyinosinic polycytidylic acid', 'poly I:C']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers']

entities_list: @entity6239 :: ('MESH:D000616', 'Chemical') :: ['aminoglutethimide']

entities_list: @entity2819 :: ('MESH:D003345', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosterone']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: @entity14052 ( @entity14052 ) is characterized by the recurrence of a cluster of physical and negative mood symptoms, especially @entity146 , appearing when @entity172 and @entity1420 levels decrease during the late luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. The aim of the present study was to explore a new potential model of @entity146 . It has been suggested that burying of harmless objects by rodents may reflect a form of impulsive or @entity148 -like behavior. This study demonstrates changes in burying behavior during various phases of the estrous cycle in some but not all female @entity35 . Burying behavior was found to be enhanced at metestrus and decreased at proestrus, characterized by low and high ovarian hormone levels, respectively. No habituation of the cycle-dependent burying was observed. Enhanced burying was not observed in reproductive senescent and ovariectomized females characterized by stable, low levels of ovarian hormones. Increased marble burying at metestrus was reversed by acute treatment with antidepressants @entity905 , @entity5829 , @entity7831 , the @entity1245 agonist @entity3175 , and @entity1420 , while the neuroleptic @entity2644 was without effect. Reversal of cycle-dependent burying was unrelated to the drugs' effects on locomotor activity. These results indicate that estrous cycle-dependent marble-burying behavior displayed by a subgroup of female @entity35 might be a manifestation of ovarian hormone-dependent @entity146 . This manifestation may be used to elucidate the neuroendocrine mechanisms triggering @entity146 , and the detailed mode of action of antidepressants when used for @entity14052 .

title: Attenuation of estrous cycle-dependent marble burying in female @entity35 by acute treatment with XXXX and antidepressants.

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity7831 :: ('MESH:D009627', 'Chemical') :: ['nomifensine']

entities_list: @entity14052 :: ('MESH:D065446', 'Disease') :: ['Premenstrual dysphoric disorder', 'PMDD']

entities_list: @entity3175 :: ('MESH:D003975', 'Chemical') :: ['diazepam']

entities_list: @entity905 :: ('MESH:D005473', 'Chemical') :: ['fluoxetine']

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['premenstrual irritability', 'irritability']

entities_list: @entity5829 :: ('MESH:D003891', 'Chemical') :: ['desipramine']

entities_list: @entity2644 :: ('MESH:D002746', 'Chemical') :: ['chlorpromazine']

entities_list: @entity1245 :: ('MESH:D001569', 'Chemical') :: ['benzodiazepine']

answer: @entity1420 :: (MESH:D011374,Chemical) :: ['progesterone']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Anserine (beta-alanyl-N(Pi)-methyl-L-histidine), a methylated derivative of carnosine (beta-alanyl-L-histidine), is an abundant constituent of vertebrate skeletal muscles. Although it has been suggested to serve as a proton buffer and radical scavenger, its physiological function remains mysterious. The formation of anserine is catalyzed by @entity64382 , recently identified in @entity1573 as histamine N-methyltransferase-like (HNMT-like) protein. Although HNMT-like gene is absent in @entity1 genomes, the activity of @entity64382 was reported in most @entity1 species. In the present investigation, we purified @entity64382 from @entity35 muscles about 2600-fold. Three polypeptides of    45, 50 and 70 kDa coeluting with the enzyme activity were identified in the preparation. Mass spectrometry analysis of these polypeptides resulted in the identification of UPF0586 protein @entity64383 homolog as the only meaningful candidate. @entity35 UPF0586 and its @entity375 , @entity1573 and @entity1 orthologs were expressed in COS-7 cells and purified to homogeneity. Though all recombinant proteins catalyzed the formation of anserine as confirmed by chromatographic and mass spectrometry analysis, @entity35 UPF0586 was more active on carnosine than other orthologs. Confocal microscopy of HeLa cells expressing recombinant UPF5086 proteins revealed their presence in both cytosol and nucleus. Carnosine and Gly-His were the best substrates for all UPF0586 orthologs studied, though the enzymes methylated also other L-histidine-containing di- and tripeptides. Finally, cotransfection of COS-7 cells with @entity35 or @entity1 UPF0586 and carnosine synthase transformed the cells into efficient anserine producers. We conclude that UPF0586 is @entity1 @entity64382 and hypothesize that it may also serve as a peptide or protein methyltransferase in eukaryotes.

title: XXXX Homolog Is Anserine-Producing Methyltransferase.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian', 'human']

entities_list: @entity64382 :: ('771456(Tax:9031)', 'Gene') :: ['carnosine N-methyltransferase']

answer: @entity64383 :: (138199,Gene) :: ['UPF0586 Protein C9orf41']


abstract: @entity1 rarely present with phaeochromocytoma. Their presentation differs from that of adults. The classic triad of sweating, @entity10 and palpitation may not always present in @entity1 with phaeochromocytoma. In this study, we present a 6-year-old @entity1 who came to us with @entity2011 and @entity4683 for evaluation of suspected @entity2010 . She gave a clear history of increased sweating in the recent past. On clinical examination, she was noted to have @entity101 . Subsequent investigations revealed a phaeochromocytoma. Her @entity2011 and @entity101 resolved immediately after the surgery. We did not have the facilities to arrange for genetic tests; however, the @entity1 and the family members are under follow-up for other associated conditions. LEARNING POINTS: @entity2011 and @entity4683 are rare symptoms of phaeochromocytoma.Complete physical examination prevented unnecessary investigations for @entity2011 and led to a correct diagnosis.Classic features are not always necessary for diagnostic evaluation of @entity395 .

title: Phaeochromocytoma presenting with XXXX : an uncommon presentation of a rare tumour.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'girl', 'Children', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2011 :: ('MESH:D011141', 'Disease') :: ['polyuria', 'Polyuria']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['high blood pressure', 'hypertension']

entities_list: @entity4683 :: ('MESH:D059606', 'Disease') :: ['polydipsia']

entities_list: @entity395 :: ('MESH:D035583', 'Disease') :: ['rare diseases']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity2010 :: ('MESH:D003919', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes insipidus']

answer: @entity2011 :: (MESH:D011141,Disease) :: ['polyuria']


abstract: Severe @entity28 is associated with increased @entity8 ( @entity8 ) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR). The aim of the present study was to examine whether @entity353 may reverse @entity8 in obese subjects without overt @entity8 . @entity8 was studied in eight subjects with severe @entity28 (body mass index [BMI] 48.0 +/- 2.4) before and after @entity353 . Nine healthy subjects served as controls. GFR and @entity8 were determined by measuring inulin and @entity2556 clearance. In the obese group, GFR (145 +/- 14 ml/min) and @entity8 (803 +/- 39 ml/min) exceeded the control value by 61% (90 +/- 5 ml/min, P = 0.001) and 32% (610 +/- 41 ml/min, P < 0.005), respectively. Consequently, filtration fraction was increased. Mean arterial pressure, although normal, was higher than in the control group (101 +/- 4 versus 86 +/- 2 mmHg, P < 0.01). After @entity353 , BMI decreased by 32 +/- 4%, to 32.1 +/- 1.5 (P = 0.001). GFR and @entity8 decreased to 110 +/- 7 ml/min (P = 0.01) and 698 +/- 42 ml/min (P < 0.02), respectively. Albumin excretion rate decreased from 16 microg/min (range, 4 to 152 microg/min) to 5 microg/min (range, 3 to 37 microg/min) (P < 0.01). Fractional clearance of albumin decreased from 3.2 x 10(-6) (range, 1.1 to 23 x 10(-6)) to 1.2 x 10(-6) (range, 0.5 to 6.8 x 10(-6)) (P < 0.02). This study shows that @entity28 -related glomerular hyperfiltration ameliorates after @entity353 . The improvement in hyperfiltration may prevent the development of overt @entity28 -related @entity8 .

title: The effects of @entity353 on renal function in patients with severe XXXX .

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal plasma flow', 'RPF', 'glomerular dysfunction', 'glomerulopathy', 'renal disease', 'Renal glomerular function']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obesity']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To seek insights into the heterogeneity of @entity15835 ( @entity15835 ) complicating @entity4932 ( @entity4932 ) through the analysis of a large @entity1 sample collected in a multinational survey. METHODS: International pediatric rheumatologists and hemato-oncologists entered their @entity1 data, collected retrospectively, in a Web-based database. The demographic, clinical, laboratory, histopathologic, therapeutic, and outcome data were analyzed in relation to (1) geographic location of caring hospital, (2) subspecialty of attending physician, (3) demonstration of hemophagocytosis, and (4) severity of clinical course. RESULTS: A total of 362 @entity1 were included by 95 investigators from 33 countries. Demographic, clinical, laboratory, and histopathologic features were comparable among @entity1 seen in diverse geographic areas or by different pediatric specialists. @entity1 seen in North America were given biologics more frequently. @entity1 entered by pediatric hemato-oncologists were treated more commonly with biologics and @entity2879 , whereas @entity1 seen by pediatric rheumatologists more frequently received @entity205 . @entity1 with demonstration of hemophagocytosis had shorter duration of @entity4932 at @entity15835 onset, higher prevalence of @entity828 , lower levels of platelets and fibrinogen, and were more frequently administered @entity205 , intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), and @entity2879 . @entity1 with severe course were older, had longer duration of @entity4932 at @entity15835 onset, had more full-blown clinical picture, and were more commonly given @entity205 , IVIG, and @entity2879 . CONCLUSION: The clinical spectrum of @entity15835 is comparable across @entity1 seen in different geographic settings or by diverse pediatric subspecialists. There was a disparity in the therapeutic choices among physicians that underscores the need to establish uniform therapeutic protocols.

title: Dissecting the heterogeneity of XXXX complicating @entity4932 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2879 :: ('MESH:D005047', 'Chemical') :: ['etoposide']

entities_list: @entity4932 :: ('MESH:D001171', 'Disease') :: ['sJIA', 'systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporine']

entities_list: @entity828 :: ('MESH:C535727', 'Disease') :: ['hepatosplenomegaly']

entities_list: @entity15835 :: ('MESH:D055501', 'Disease') :: ['macrophage activation syndrome', 'MAS']

answer: @entity15835 :: (MESH:D055501,Disease) :: ['macrophage activation syndrome']


abstract: @entity15 is characterized morphologically by the key features @entity17 , @entity32 , @entity5219 and @entity21 . In recent years, it has become more evident that @entity21 is the major morphological substrate of permanent clinical disability. In our study, we investigated the occurrence of @entity21 determined by immunocytochemistry for @entity477 ( @entity477 ) which is produced in neurones and accumulates at sites of recent axon transection or damage. The numbers of @entity477 -positive axons in @entity15 lesions were correlated with the disease duration and course. Most @entity477 -positive axons were detected within the first year after disease onset, but @entity21 was also detected to a minor degree in lesions of @entity1 with a disease duration of 10 years and more. This effect was not due to the lack of active demyelinating lesions in the @entity102 stage. Late @entity75 (so-called shadow plaques) did not show signs of axon destruction. The number of inflammatory cells showed a decrease over time similar to that of the number of @entity477 -positive axons. There was a significant correlation between the extent of axon damage and the numbers of @entity405 -positive cytotoxic T cells and macrophages/microglia. Our results indicate that a putative axon-protective treatment should start as early as possible and include strategies preventing T cell/macrophage-mediated axon destruction and leading to remyelination of axons.

title: Acute XXXX in @entity15 is most extensive in early disease stages and decreases over time.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity17 :: ('MESH:D003711', 'Disease') :: ['demyelination']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['remyelinated lesions']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic disease']

entities_list: @entity477 :: ('351', 'Gene') :: ['APP', 'amyloid precursor protein']

entities_list: @entity21 :: ('MESH:D001480', 'Disease') :: ['acute axonal damage', 'axonal damage']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['Multiple sclerosis', 'multiple sclerosis']

answer: @entity21 :: (MESH:D001480,Disease) :: ['axonal damage']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The Dutch'Task Force for the Improvement of the @entity844 Composition' initiated @entity844 reformulations in branches using vegetable oils and fats to reduce the trans ( @entity13799 ) and @entity10194 ( @entity10194 ) content of foods. OBJECTIVE: This study estimates the impact of recent reformulations in the task force food groups by estimating changes in median intake of @entity13799 and @entity10194 in Dutch young adults. METHODS: This is a modelling study with food consumption data of young adults. Intakes were estimated before reformulation using food composition data of 2001 as a reference and while including most recent @entity844 composition of foods for task force food groups. Food composition of other foods and food consumption was assumed unchanged. RESULTS: Average @entity13799 intake significantly decreased from 1.0 E% in the reference to 0.8 E% in the reformulation scenario. Pastry, cakes and biscuits, and snacks contributed most to the decrease of @entity13799 . Estimated @entity10194 intake did not change. When solid baking and spreading fats were additionally replaced with fluid ones, @entity10194 intake decreases from 12.9 E% to 12.1 E%. CONCLUSION: @entity844 reformulation in the task force food groups contributed to reductions in @entity13799 intake. For further reductions in @entity10194 intake a different food choice is primordial.

title: Impact of XXXX food reformulations on intake of Dutch young adults.

entities_list: @entity844 :: ('CHEBI:35366', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acid', 'Fatty Acid', 'Fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity10194 :: ('CHEBI:26607', 'Chemical') :: ['saturated fatty acid', 'SFA']

answer: @entity844 :: (CHEBI:35366,Chemical) :: ['fatty acid']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness of corticosteroid injections with physiotherapy for the treatment of @entity158 stiff shoulder. DESIGN: Randomised trial. SETTING: 40 general practices. SUBJECTS: 109 @entity1 consulting general practitioners for shoulder @entity158 were enrolled in the trial. INTERVENTIONS: @entity1 were randomly allocated to 6 weeks of treatment either with corticosteroid injections (53) or physiotherapy (56). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Outcome assessments were carried out 3, 7, 13, 26, and 52 weeks after randomisation; some of the assessments were done by an observer blind to treatment allocation. Primary outcome measures were the success of treatment as measured by scores on scales measuring improvement in the main complaint and @entity158 , and improvement in scores on a scale measuring shoulder disability. RESULTS: At 7 weeks 40 (77%) out of 52 @entity1 treated with injections were considered to be treatment successes compared with 26 (46%) out of 56 treated with physiotherapy (difference between groups 31%, 95% confidence interval 14% to 48%). The difference in improvement favoured those treated with @entity288 in nearly all outcome measures; these differences were statistically significant. At 26 and 52 weeks differences between the groups were comparatively small. Adverse reactions were generally mild. However, among @entity1 receiving treatment with @entity288 adverse reactions were more troublesome: facial @entity1671 was reported by 9 @entity1 and irregular @entity548 by 6, 2 of whom were postmenopausal. CONCLUSIONS: The beneficial effects of corticosteroid injections administered by general practitioners for treatment of @entity158 stiff shoulder are superior to those of physiotherapy. The differences between the intervention groups were mainly the result of the comparatively faster relief of symptoms that occurred in @entity1 treated with injections. Adverse reactions were generally mild but doctors should be aware of the potential side effects of injections of @entity2713 , particularly in @entity1 .

title: Effectiveness of corticosteroid injections versus physiotherapy for treatment of XXXX stiff shoulder in primary care: randomised trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2713 :: ('MESH:D014221', 'Chemical') :: ['triamcinolone']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['menstrual bleeding']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'painful']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['painful']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A standard treatment strategy for periodontal @entity281 often consists of 4 consecutive sessions of scaling and root planing (per quadrant, at 1- to 2-week intervals), without proper disinfection of the remaining intra-oral niches for periodontopathogens. This could theoretically lead to a reinfection of previously disinfected pockets by bacteria from an untreated region/niche. This study aimed to investigate, over an 8-month period, the clinical benefits of a one stage full-mouth disinfection in the control of severe @entity2521 . METHODS: Sixteen @entity1 with early-onset @entity2521 and 24 @entity1 with severe @entity7278 were randomly assigned to test and control groups. The control group was scaled and root planed, per quadrant, at 2-week intervals and given standard oral hygiene instructions. A one stage full-mouth disinfection (test group) was sought by scaling and root planing the 4 quadrants within 24 hours in combination with the application of @entity1216 to all intra-oral niches for periodontopathogens. Besides oral hygiene, the test group also rinsed twice daily with a 0.2% @entity1216 solution and sprayed the tonsils with a 0.2% @entity1216 spray, for 2 months. The plaque index, gingival index, probing depth, @entity548 on probing, @entity1464 , and clinical attachment level were recorded at baseline and at 1, 2, 4, and 8 months afterwards. RESULTS: The one stage full-mouth disinfection resulted, in comparison to the standard therapy, in a significant (P <0.001) additional probing depth reduction and gain in attachment up to 8 months. For initial pockets > or =7 mm, the "additional" probing depth reduction at the 8 month follow-up was 1.2 mm for single-rooted and 0.9 mm for multi-rooted teeth, with corresponding additional gains in attachment of 1.0 mm and 0.8 mm, respectively. The additional improvements were observed for all subgroups ( @entity7278 , generalized early-onset cases, smokers), with the largest differences in the non-smoking @entity7278 @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that a one stage full-mouth disinfection results in an improved clinical outcome for the treatment of chronic adult or early-onset @entity2521 as compared to scaling and root planing per quadrant at 2-week intervals.

title: One stage full- versus partial-mouth disinfection in the treatment of chronic adult or generalized early-onset XXXX . I. Long-term clinical observations.

entities_list: @entity1216 :: ('MESH:D002710', 'Chemical') :: ['chlorhexidine']

entities_list: @entity1464 :: ('MESH:D005889', 'Disease') :: ['gingival recession']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity7278 :: ('MESH:D055113', 'Disease') :: ['adult periodontitis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity2521 :: ('MESH:D010518', 'Disease') :: ['periodontitis']

answer: @entity2521 :: (MESH:D010518,Disease) :: ['periodontitis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Antibiotic-resistant patterns, a mecA homologue complex, and staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) were analysed in samples of ready-to-eat (RTE) street food in Taiwan. RTE food samples (270) were collected in three densely populated Taiwanese cities between June and November 2014. Among 14 strains being identified as @entity3256 -resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci (MRCoNS), genetic diversities was determined by PFGE analysis. SCCmec types IV, V, VIII and TXG-24 were detected in 9, and mecASs (a mecA homologue) detected in 8. The mecASs gene complex from @entity67308 TXG-24 was found to be closely related to those found in both @entity67308 ( @entity13998 ) and @entity13998 . rodentium (ATCC700061). SCCmecTXG24 carries a class A mec complex, a ccrA5B3-like gene complex, a heavy metal gene complex, and an IS1216 mobile element carrying tet(S). Matching identity to ccrA5 was 84.5% for ccrA in @entity23819 KM241. Matching identify to ccrB3 was 92.1% for ccrB in @entity23819 AI16. Similar ccrA and SCCmec boundary sequences suggest that SCCmec is easily transmitted to coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS). Based on MRCoNS strains identified in this research, Taiwanese RTE food products likely carry multiple antibiotic resistance genes that can be transmitted to hospitals and other clinical settings.

title: mecA-related structure in XXXX -resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci from street food in Taiwan.

entities_list: @entity3256 :: ('MESH:D008712', 'Chemical') :: ['methicillin']

entities_list: @entity23819 :: ('283734', 'Species') :: ['S. pseudintermedius']

entities_list: @entity67308 :: ('147467', 'Species') :: ['S. sciuri subsp. sciuri']

answer: @entity3256 :: (MESH:D008712,Chemical) :: ['methicillin']


abstract: Twenty-one @entity526 O157:H7 strains isolated in northern Italy from sporadic cases of @entity1381 and from @entity291 and food were characterized by virulence gene analysis, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) of XbaI-digested DNA, enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC) sequence-based PCR (ERIC-PCR), and antibiotic resistance patterns and compared to 18 strains isolated in France from @entity1 cases of @entity294 , @entity291 , and the environment. Strains isolated in Sicily (southern Italy) from a local farm (one strain) and from @entity291 just imported from France (11 strains) and Spain (six strains) were also typed. Whereas the eae and hlyA genes were always detected, Shiga toxin gene (stx) analysis showed some differences related to geographic areas. Isolates from northern Italy showed a high frequency of stx(1) and stx(2), while strains isolated in France and from French and Spanish @entity291 imported to Sicily more frequently possessed the stx(2c) gene. The majority of the strains isolated in northern Italy were also resistant to one or more antibiotics, while most of the strains isolated in France and Sicily were fully susceptible. ERIC-PCR analysis was not able to differentiate the strains. PFGE typing after XbaI DNA digestion produced a total of 54 distinct restriction endonuclease digestion profiles (REDPs) among the 57 strains. Phylogenetic analysis was unable to cluster REDPs according to geographic origin. All epidemiologically related isolates showed either identical or >/=91% similar REDPs. Our findings suggest a peculiar circulation of antibiotic-resistant, genetically unrelated strains in northern Italy.

title: Characterization of Shiga toxin-producing XXXX O157:H7 isolated in Italy and in France.

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity1381 :: ('MESH:D006463', 'Disease') :: ['hemolytic-uremic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

answer: @entity526 :: (562,Species) :: ['Escherichia coli']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare, evaluate and analyze three different non-operative modalities of treatment of @entity1321 due to @entity9124 . DESIGN: A non-randomized, cohort and comparative study. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY: Department of Pediatric Surgery, National Institute of @entity1 Health, Karachi from March 2001 to October 2002. @entity1 AND METHODS: A total of 45 @entity1 with the diagnosis of @entity1321 due to @entity9124 were included in the study. They were divided in 3 groups of 15 @entity1 each. Group I @entity1 were given I/V fluids only, group II @entity1 were given @entity10444 in infusion and group III @entity1 were given hypertonic saline enema. The outcome of all groups was compared in terms of improvement in obstruction and hospital stay. The data was analyzed by SPSS 11.0 by using ANOVA and HSD Tuckey test for multiple comparisons. RESULTS: The non-operative treatment was successful in all of the @entity1 . In group III improvement of @entity1321 occurred in 1.6 +/- 1.11 days (p value=0.001), whereas it was 2.6 +/-1.11 days in group II and 3.4 +/-1.35 days in group I. The mean hospital stay in group III was 4 +/-1.69 days (p value=0.003), whereas it was 6.27 +/- 2.31 days in group II and 5.87 +/-1.25 days in group I. CONCLUSION: We recommend that hypertonic saline enema is a better non-operative treatment modality of @entity1321 , due to @entity9124 , in @entity1 who do not have @entity298 . It is associated with early improvement of obstruction coupled with reduced hospital stay.

title: Non-operative management of @entity1321 due to XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Child', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity10444 :: ('MESH:D002086', 'Chemical') :: ['hyoscinbutylbromide']

entities_list: @entity9124 :: ('6252', 'Species') :: ['ascaris lumbricoides']

entities_list: @entity1321 :: ('MESH:D007415', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal obstruction']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['peritonitis']

answer: @entity9124 :: (6252,Species) :: ['ascaris lumbricoides']


abstract: Importance: Ear, nose, and throat (ENT) lesions are frequently involved in @entity6715 and @entity137 ( @entity1610 /TEN), although a detailed description is lacking in the literature. Objectives: To describe ENT lesions at the acute stage and follow-up in a large series of @entity1 with @entity1610 /TEN and identify factors associated with the severe ENT form. Design, Setting, and @entity1 : Retrospective study of 49 @entity1 with @entity1610 /TEN hospitalized in a referral care center from 2005 to 2010. @entity1 who underwent a full ENT workup including examination and a nasal fiberoptic endoscopy by an otorhinolaryngologist in the acute phase and during follow-up at 2 and 12 months were included in the study. Main Outcomes and Measures: Recorded variables included maximal body surface area (BSA) detachment, SCORTEN (Score of Toxic @entity39 [a severity of illness score]), sites and type of @entity3137 , intensive care unit transfer, @entity358 , and mortality. "Severe ENT form" was defined by the occurrence of @entity75 with the risk of @entity1224 . Clinical characteristics associated with severe ENT form were analyzed in univariate and multivariable analysis. Results: Of the 49 @entity1 who underwent a full ENT workup (female to male ratio, 1.1:1), ENT symptoms (eg, odynophagia, @entity1282 , @entity7364 , @entity1353 , @entity7867 , @entity8968 ) occurred in 48 (98%). @entity1353 were significantly associated with severe ENT form (21% [P   =   .03] and 50% [P   <   .001], respectively). Topographic frequencies of lesions were as followed: lips and oral cavity (n   =   46 [93%]) and pharynx and vestibule of the nose (n   =   26 [53%]). Fourteen @entity1 (29%) had severe ENT form. Findings for other recorded variables for those with vs without ENT examination are as follows: maximal BSA detachment (20% [0%-95%] vs 5.5% [0%-95%]; P   =   .004), SCORTEN (1 [0-5] vs 1 [0-5]; P   =   .54), intensive care unit transfer (10 [20%] vs 9 [19%]; P   =   .80), @entity358 (9 [18%] vs 6 [13%]; P   =   .10), and mortality (3 [6%] vs 5 [10%]; P   =   .70). In multivariable analysis, @entity358 was significantly associated with severe ENT form (odds ratio, 5.9 [95% CI, 1.1-32.8] [P   =   .04]). After remission of @entity1610 /TEN, a complete ENT @entity33 occurred in 36 @entity1 (74%) at 2 months and in nearly all @entity1 (n   =   48 [98%]) at 1 year of follow-up. Conclusions and Relevance: Severe ENT form is associated with @entity358 and is easily detected by nasal fiberoptic endoscopy. ENT evaluation should be suggested when @entity7364 or @entity1353 is observed at the acute stage of @entity1610 /TEN.

title: @entity6715 and XXXX : Ear, Nose, and Throat Description at Acute Stage and After Remission.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxic epidermal necrolysis']

entities_list: @entity6715 :: ('MESH:D013262', 'Disease') :: ['Stevens-Johnson syndrome']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['Epidermal Necrosis']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['laryngeal lesions']

entities_list: @entity1353 :: ('MESH:D004417', 'Disease') :: ['Dyspnea or dysphonia', 'dyspnea']

entities_list: @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['mucosal healing']

entities_list: @entity7364 :: ('MESH:D055154', 'Disease') :: ['dysphonia']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary infection']

entities_list: @entity8968 :: ('MESH:D015508', 'Disease') :: ['nasal obstruction']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['dysphagia']

entities_list: @entity3137 :: ('MESH:D009059', 'Disease') :: ['ENT mucosal lesions']

entities_list: @entity1224 :: ('MESH:D000402', 'Disease') :: ['airways obstruction']

answer: @entity137 :: (MESH:D064420,Disease) :: ['Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of @entity458 in a large sample of adolescent @entity146 @entity1 and to compare sexually abused @entity1 with non sexually abused @entity1 , the latter category including non-sexual physically abused and non-abused @entity1 . DESIGN: A retrospective analysis of the @entity1 records at the William Slater Centre for Adolescents, University of Cape Town Medical School/Groote Schuur Hospital. SETTING: The William Slater Centre (WSC) is an outpatient @entity146 treatment centre for adolescents with emotional and behavioural problems. SUBJECTS: Nine hundred and thirty-four adolescent and young adult @entity1 referred to the WSC in Cape Town from February 1990 to April 1997. METHODS: The WSC Assessment form, a semi-structured interview schedule, was used to focus on depressive symptoms, suicidal ideation and parasuicide, @entity1277 , @entity734 , psychosexual history, @entity458 and physical abuse, and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual i.v. diagnosis. RESULTS: One-third of all @entity1 admitted to the centre from February 1990 to April 1997 reported some form of @entity458 . More sexually abused @entity1 than expected received a diagnosis of @entity308 . On average sexually abused @entity1 scored higher on @entity308 rating scales than non sexually abused @entity1 . Logistic regression showed that the presence of suicidal symptoms and @entity167 use are to some extent independently associated with @entity458 . CONCLUSION: The problem of @entity458 among South African youth is confirmed by this study. The association between @entity308 , suicidal symptoms and @entity167 use is supported. The country's dwindling @entity146 services therefore face an increasingly challenging future.

title: XXXX in adolescents--data from a @entity146 treatment centre for adolescents.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression', 'sexual abuse and depression']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['sexual abuse']

entities_list: @entity1277 :: ('MESH:D001068', 'Disease') :: ['eating disorders']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['substance abuse']

answer: @entity458 :: (MESH:D020018,Disease) :: ['Sexual abuse']


abstract: Botulinum toxin A has been reported to reduce @entity508 and increase the comfort of @entity2795 @entity1 . The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of the treatment on disability, especially in manual activities, and to attempt to identify predictive factors of improvement. Twenty @entity1 (mean age: 54.4 years; M: 14; right @entity1158 : 12) were included, with a delay of at least three months after unilateral hemispheric @entity64 . Botulinum toxin A (BOTOX) was injected into the arm adductors (8 cases), forearm flexors (17 cases), pronators, wrist and finger flexors (20 cases),with a total dose of 200 to 300 U. Examination (day 1 and 15, month 2 and 5) consisted of @entity508 assessment (modified Ashworth scale), muscle strength, passive range of motion (goniometry), and @entity158 , followed by functional tests, especially the Rivermead Motor Assessment (RMA) and @entity937 ( @entity937 ). Performance in daily living was assessed with the Functional Independence Measure (FIM), and an original analysis of hand grasp, grip and pinches used in domestic activities (9 items), and of comfort of @entity1 and caregivers. Significant reduction in @entity508 was observed on the elbow flexors, pronators, wrist and fingers flexors, especially at day 15 (mean 0.90 to 1 point), with wide variations in effect. Muscle strength was increased in wrist and fingers extensors, with concomitant increase in the opening of the thumb to index finger space. There was no effect on the @entity937 requiring distal manipulation, but the RMA, which especially concerned picking up and releasing a tennis ball, showed significant improvement. Furthermore, use of the upper limb in daily living increased, particularly for internal grasping of objects, and for grasping by the top, transporting and releasing of objects. @entity1 and caregivers re ported facilitation in dressing, and in proximal and distal care of the upper limb. The global flexor position of the limb improved. Ad verse reactions were rare and mostly consisted of transitory @entity158 during injection. The improvement in the RMA was better explained by the quality of the initial motor command on distal prehension (positive correlation with motor strength), and that in hand using in domestic activities by a lower level of @entity508 on pronators and wrist flexors (negative correlations with @entity508 ). Conversely, the severity of the motor deficit (negative correlations with motor strength) and a high level of @entity508 before injection (positive correlations with @entity508 ) mostly explained the improvement in comfort. In conclusion, botulinum toxin A is efficient in improving hand use in @entity1 with relatively preserved distal motricity, and in increasing comfort in @entity1 with @entity146 .

title: Efficacy of botulinum toxin A in upper limb function of XXXX @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity2795 :: ('MESH:D020325', 'Disease') :: ['hemiplegic']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1158 :: ('MESH:D006429', 'Disease') :: ['hemiplegia']

entities_list: @entity937 :: ('MESH:D012167', 'Disease') :: ['Nine-hole Peg Test', 'NHPT']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['severe global disorders']

entities_list: @entity508 :: ('MESH:D009128', 'Disease') :: ['spasticity']

answer: @entity2795 :: (MESH:D020325,Disease) :: ['hemiplegic']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Advanced (pT2/T3) @entity1086 is often deemed unresectable after restaging. This study assesses the impact of the primary operation, @entity5 characteristics and timing of management on re-resection. METHODS: The records of 60 consecutive referrals for @entity1086 in a single tertiary centre from 2003 to 2011 were reviewed retrospectively. Decision on re-resection of @entity1086 was based on delayed interval restaging at three months following cholecystectomy. Demographics, index cholecystectomy data, primary pathology, CA19-9 @entity5 marker levels at referral and time from cholecystectomy to referral as well as from referral to restaging were analysed. RESULTS: Thirty-seven @entity1 with pT2 and twelve @entity1 with @entity1803 @entity1086 were candidates for radical re-resection. Following interval restaging, 24 @entity1 (49%) underwent radical resection and 25 (51%) were deemed inoperable. The inoperable group had significantly more @entity1 with positive resection margins at cholecystectomy (p=0.002), significantly higher median CA19-9 levels at referral (p=0.018) and were referred significantly earlier (p=0.004) than the @entity1 who had resectable @entity5 . On multivariate analysis, urgent referral (p=0.036) and incomplete cholecystectomy (p=0.048) were associated significantly with inoperable disease following restaging. CONCLUSIONS: In @entity1 with incidental, potentially resectable, pT2/T3 @entity1086 , inappropriate index cholecystectomy may have a significant impact on @entity5 dissemination. Early referral of @entity5 is not associated with resectability.

title: Implications of the index cholecystectomy and timing of referral for radical resection of advanced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['breached tumours', 'tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1086 :: ('MESH:D005706', 'Disease') :: ['gallbladder cancer', 'incidental gallbladder cancer']

answer: @entity1086 :: (MESH:D005706,Disease) :: ['incidental gallbladder cancer']


abstract: The phototactic behavior of individual cells of the cyanobacterium @entity324 was studied with a glass slide-based phototaxis assay. Data from fluence rate-response curves and action spectra suggested that there were at least two light input pathways regulating phototaxis. We observed that positive phototaxis in wild-type cells was a low fluence response, with peak spectral sensitivity at 645 and 704 nm. This red-light-induced phototaxis was inhibited or photoreversible by infrared light (760 nm). Previous work demonstrated that a taxD1 mutant (Cyanobase accession no. sll0041; also called pisJ1) lacked positive but maintained @entity549 . Therefore, the TaxD1 protein, which has domains that are similar to sequences found in both bacteriophytochrome and the @entity5498 -accepting chemoreceptor protein, is likely to be the photoreceptor that mediates positive phototaxis. Wild-type cells exhibited @entity549 under high-intensity broad-spectrum light. This phenomenon is predominantly blue light responsive, with a maximum sensitivity at approximately 470 nm. A weakly negative phototactic response was also observed in the spectral region between 600 and 700 nm. A deltataxD1 mutant, which exhibits @entity549 even under low-fluence light, has a similar action maximum in the blue region of the spectrum, with minor peaks from green to infrared (500 to 740 nm). These results suggest that while positive phototaxis is controlled by the red light photoreceptor TaxD1, @entity549 in @entity324 is mediated by one or more (as yet) unidentified blue light photoreceptors.

title: Multiple light inputs control phototaxis in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity549 :: ('MESH:D064726', 'Disease') :: ['negative phototaxis']

entities_list: @entity324 :: ('1148', 'Species') :: ['Synechocystis sp. strain PCC6803']

answer: @entity324 :: (1148,Species) :: ['Synechocystis sp. strain PCC6803']