abstract: The effect of a new cognition enhancer, @entity45920 , @entity45920 , on regional @entity934 ( @entity1617 ) levels and against @entity5591 -induced @entity1617 depletion was examined in @entity19 brain. In addition, the effects of @entity45920 were compared with those of @entity4159 , @entity2607 and @entity2445 . Independent administration of @entity45920 (1, 3, 10 or 30 mg/kg, PO) or @entity4159 (10 or 50 mg/kg, PO) to @entity19 had no effect on the @entity1617 level in the hippocampus, frontal cortex, amygdala and striatum. Nevertheless, in all brain regions, pretreatment with @entity45920 significantly reduced the depletion of @entity1617 induced by @entity5591 (0.5 mg/kg, IP) in a nondose-related bell-shaped manner. By contrast, @entity4159 attenuated the effect of @entity5591 in the hippocampus, frontal cortex and striatum but not in the amygdala. @entity2607 (0.2 mg/kg, SC) significantly increased @entity1617 levels and reversed the @entity5591 -induced @entity1617 depletion in all brain regions. Unlike @entity2607 , @entity2445 (10 mg/kg, PO) increased @entity1617 levels in the striatum but not in the other regions. @entity2445 reversed the effect of @entity5591 in the hippocampus, amygdala and striatum, but not in the frontal cortex. In the present study, @entity45920 more effectively inhibited @entity5591 -induced depletion of @entity1617 levels than the other agents tested. The results obtained indicate that the protective action of @entity45920 against @entity5591 -induced @entity2730 is due to its ability to reverse the @entity1617 depletion.

title: Reversal effect of @entity45920 on @entity5591 -induced XXXX depletion in certain regions of the @entity19 brain.

entities_list: @entity45920 :: ('MESH:C058876', 'Chemical') :: ['DM-9384', 'N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-2-(2-oxo-1-pyrrolidinyl) acetamide']

entities_list: @entity2445 :: ('MESH:D013619', 'Chemical') :: ['tacrine', 'Tacrine']

entities_list: @entity2607 :: ('MESH:D010830', 'Chemical') :: ['physostigmine', 'Physostigmine']

entities_list: @entity5591 :: ('MESH:D012601', 'Chemical') :: ['scopolamine']

entities_list: @entity4159 :: ('MESH:C040619', 'Chemical') :: ['oxiracetam']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity934 :: (MESH:D000109,Chemical) :: ['acetylcholine']


abstract: We investigated 663 @entity1 with @entity2792 (349 males and 314 females), who were surgically treated at 73 institutions of Urology or Surgery in Japan from 1963 to 1988. There were 294 cases with @entity4267 ( @entity4267 ), 178 with @entity731 (SC), 104 with @entity12040 ( @entity12040 ) and 87 with other causes. The mean age was 27 years old for @entity4267 , 52 years for SC and 29 years for @entity12040 . Thirteen % of @entity4267 , 19% of SC and 38% of @entity12040 had stenoses in both renal arteries. Since percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) has begun in early 1980's, the number of operative cases has been decreased, especially in the case of @entity4267 due to a good result by PTA. Nephrectomy was done in 38% of 704 operations. Aortorenal bypass and autotransplantation were performed in 49% and 26% of the rest, respectively. Recently, autotransplantation has increasingly been applied for complicated @entity455 . As regards prognosis of the surgical treatment, 77% of @entity4267 , 59% of SC and 50% of @entity12040 presented normal blood pressure with or without antihypertensive drugs at least for 10 years after an operation. However, among the @entity1 with normal blood pressure who were observed for more than 5 years, 30% of @entity4267 , 56% of SC and 44% of @entity12040 had taken antihypertensive drugs. Eleven @entity1 (1.7% of all) died within one month after the operation, 5 @entity1 of whom had bilateral stenoses. In conclusion, @entity865 is the first choice for @entity2792 and surgery has been done for more difficult and complicated cases in which PTA is ineffective.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [ XXXX . Changes and prognosis of the surgical treatment].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular lesions']

entities_list: @entity2792 :: ('MESH:D006978', 'Disease') :: ['renovascular hypertension']

entities_list: @entity12040 :: ('MESH:D013625', 'Disease') :: ['AO', 'aortitis syndrome']

entities_list: @entity4267 :: ('MESH:D005352', 'Disease') :: ['fibromuscular dysplasia', 'FMD']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

answer: @entity2792 :: (MESH:D006978,Disease) :: ['Renovascular hypertension']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3145 ( @entity3145 ) measures a soluble fragment of cytokeratine 18 and may be regarded as a proliferative marker. MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity3145 was measured in 173 consecutive @entity1 with @entity14 . Median follow up time was 36 months. Of 137 evaluable @entity1 39 developed @entity3 (P.D.) and 98 remained with no evidence of disease (N.E.D.). RESULTS: Initial @entity3145 levels were elevated in 75% of P.D. @entity1 compared to 32% of N.E.D. @entity1 (p < 0.001), @entity787 levels were elevated in 26% of P.D. @entity1 had elevated initial @entity3145 compared to 35.5% of N.E.D. @entity1 (p < 0.001), @entity787 was elevated in 33.3% of the P.D. @entity1 compared to 1.3% of N.E.D. @entity1 (p < 0.001). Survival and disease free survival were significantly shorter for @entity1 with initial high @entity3145 level. @entity3145 was more sensitive than @entity787 in predicting relapse. CONCLUSIONS: These preliminary data suggest that @entity3145 may be a prognostic factor for relapse and may help to allocate Dukes'B2 @entity1 for adjuvant chemotherapy.

title: Initial @entity3145 serum level as an indicator of relapse and survival in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3145 :: ('MESH:D017695', 'Disease') :: ['TPS', 'Tissue polypeptide specific antigen']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: Marine bivalves can accumulate large numbers of bacteria, in particular Vibrio species, whose persistence in bivalve tissues largely depends on their sensitivity to the bactericidal activity of circulating hemocytes and hemolymph soluble factors. The interactions between vibrios and hemolymph have been investigated, in particular in bivalve species susceptible to infection by certain Vibrio spp. and strains. In this work, the effects of two bivalve pathogens, @entity7155 (V.s.) and Vibrio aestuarianus 01/032 (V.a.), isolated from oyster mortality outbreaks, on the hemocytes of @entity20984 were investigated. In vitro, V.s., but not V.a., induced a dramatic decrease in lysosomal membrane stability- @entity11293 in the hemocytes; both vibrios induced a moderate lysozyme release, with V.s. > V.a.. The V.s.-induced decrease in @entity11293 was mediated by activation of PI-3Kinase, as shown by use of different kinase inhibitors. TEM analysis showed rapid internalization of both vibrios; however, V.s. lead to cellular and lysosomal damage and was able to survive within the hemocytes, whereas significant killing of V.a. was observed. In vivo, in mussels challenged with either vibrio and sampled at 6, 24 and 96 h post-injection, transient decreases in hemocyte @entity11293 and progressive increases in serum lysozyme activity were observed, with V.s. > V.a.. Moreover, whereas V.a. was efficiently cleared from hemolymph, V.s. showed significant growth, that was maximal at 24 h p.i. when lowest @entity11293 values were recorded in the hemocytes. Both vibrios also induced significant decreases in @entity11293 in the digestive gland, again with V.s. > V.a.. The results indicate distinct interactions between mussel hemocytes and the two vibrio strains tested. The effects of V.s. may be due to the capacity of this strain to interfere with the signaling pathways involved in hemocyte function, thus escaping the bactericidal activity of the host cell, as observed for certain @entity1 pathogens. Although V.s. is considered not pathogenic to Mytilus, this vibrio strain can affect the lysosomal function at the cellular and tissue level, thus leading to stressful conditions.

title: Interactions between @entity20984 hemocytes and the bivalve pathogens Vibrio aestuarianus 01/032 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian']

entities_list: @entity7155 :: ('575788', 'Species') :: ['Vibrio splendidus LGP32']

entities_list: @entity20984 :: ('29158', 'Species') :: ['Mytilus galloprovincialis']

answer: @entity7155 :: (575788,Species) :: ['Vibrio splendidus LGP32']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity158 and distress during minor hospital-related procedures is a familiar problem in many @entity1 . Inadequate relief of @entity1 's procedural @entity158 and distress not only affects the experience of the @entity1 and their parents, but also adversely impacts procedural success. We aimed to review the safety and efficacy of @entity3810 during brief, but @entity158 paediatric procedures and to compare @entity3810 with some of the commonly used pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments for relieving @entity148 and mild to moderate @entity158 in Denmark. METHOD: We searched MEDLINE (PubMed) and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews with the MeSH term @entity3810 combined with @entity1363 , surgical procedures minor, @entity1337 or conscious sedation. The references in the articles acquired that were not found in the MEDLINE search were further investigated. Only articles written in English and published after 1980 were included to ensure optimal data collection. RESULTS: @entity3810 is an effective sedative/analgesic for mildly to moderately @entity158 paediatric procedures. Furthermore, it is safely administrated, particularly for short procedures (< 15 min.). Serious and potentially serious adverse events are rare and occur in less than 0.5% of cases, while minor events typically occur amongst 4-8% of @entity1 . CONCLUSION: @entity3810 is a safe and effective method to achieve @entity1337 and sedation during minor, but @entity158 procedures. It can be safely administered by a dedicated staff member. This helpful method is still underused in Denmark, and we believe that it could be an alternative or the first choice of treatment in emergency and paediatric departments.

title: XXXX provides safe and effective @entity1337 for minor paediatric procedures--a systematic review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1337 :: ('MESH:D000699', 'Disease') :: ['analgesia']

entities_list: @entity3810 :: ('MESH:D009609', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrous oxide', 'Nitrous oxide']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['Pain', 'pain', 'painful']

entities_list: @entity1363 :: ('MESH:D008874', 'Chemical') :: ['midazolam']

answer: @entity3810 :: (MESH:D009609,Chemical) :: ['Nitrous oxide']


abstract: Genetic polymorphisms in the @entity1 @entity44051 ( @entity44051 ) gene predispose to susceptibility to @entity166 and @entity5 . @entity1 susceptibility to these diseases exhibits allelic association with a polymorphic regulatory Z-DNA-forming microsatellite of a (GT/AC)n repeat. The carriage of different alleles may influence chromatin remodeling and accessibility by transcription factors. Of particular importance is the binding site for the @entity1178 ( @entity1178 ) elements, ( @entity23638 and @entity1178 ), adjacent to the 5' sequence of the Z-DNA-forming polymorphism. The aim of the study was to characterize the transcriptional mechanisms controlling different alleles of @entity44051 expression by @entity23638 and @entity1178 . Allele 2, [T(GT)5AC(GT)5AC(GT)10GGCAGA(G)6], and Allele 3, [T(GT)5AC(GT)5AC(GT)9GGCAGA(G)6], were subcloned into the @entity33683 Basic vector. Transient transfections of THP-1 cells with the constructs, in the presence or absence of pATF-3 were preformed. Luciferase expression was determined. To document the recruitment of @entity23638 and @entity1178 , to the polymorphic promoter alleles in vivo, we performed ChIP assays with transient transfected THP-1 cells treated with or without lipopolyssacharides. Our data documented that @entity23638 suppresses the transcriptional activation of Allele-3, and this suppression is enhanced in the presence of lipopolyssacharides. Our findings suggest that @entity23638 and @entity1178 may influence heritable variation in @entity44051 -dependent innate resistance to @entity32 both within and between populations.

title: Transcription factor XXXX regulates allele variation phenotypes of the @entity1 @entity44051 gene.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['infection and inflammation']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity44051 :: ('6556', 'Gene') :: ['solute carrier family 11 member 1', 'SLC11A1']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['infectious/inflammatory diseases']

answer: @entity23638 :: (467,Gene) :: ['ATF-3']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We performed retrospective clinical analysis and in vitro testing to analyze the risks involved in laryngeal surgery using a @entity515 laser. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The occurrence of adverse events during laryngeal surgeries using a @entity515 laser, the reasons for these adverse events, and the risks of laryngeal laser surgery were analyzed in 704 @entity1 . In vitro experiments were performed to observe the tolerance of the cuffs of @entity2634 ( @entity2634 ) endotracheal tubes to the @entity515 laser under conditions of filling water or air, different laser power levels, and different cutting patterns. The flammability of the PVC endotracheal tube under different @entity26 concentrations, laser power levels, and laser cutting patterns were also studied. RESULTS: In the 704 @entity1 who underwent laryngeal laser surgery, the tracheal cuff broke in 92 cases; sparks were observed in 8 cases; and dense smoke, in 27 cases during surgery. No fires or explosions occurred. The in vitro results were as follows: (1) Under the intermittent stimulation mode, the water cuff did not break, but the air cuff broke during the first stimulation. (2) Under the continuous stimulation mode, the water and air cuffs broke easily, and the water and air cuffs broke immediately when the stimulation power was greater than 8 W. (3) Under the intermittent stimulation mode, the PVC endotracheal tube burned only under conditions of pure @entity26 supply and 10 W of laser power. Under the continuous stimulation mode, the tube did not burn with 5 W of laser power, regardless of the @entity26 concentration used. When the laser power level reached 8 W and the @entity26 concentration was greater than 50%, the tube will easily burn. When the laser power level was 10 W, the tube burned at @entity26 concentrations greater than 20%. CONCLUSIONS: Burning of the tube during laryngeal surgery using a @entity515 laser could be effectively avoided when appropriate measures were taken, such as filling the endotracheal cuff with water, maintaining less than 40% @entity26 concentration, using less than 8 W laser power, and using the intermittent stimulation mode.

title: Laryngeal surgery using a XXXX laser: is a @entity2634 endotracheal tube safe?

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity2634 :: ('MESH:D011143', 'Chemical') :: ['PVC', 'polyvinylchloride']

answer: @entity515 :: (CHEBI:29334,Chemical) :: ['CO2']


abstract: We have recently described several monoclonal antibodies (mAb) that recognize a heterodimeric structure ( @entity33108 ) expressed on the surface of @entity1 peripheral blood T lymphocytes upon activation with different mitogenic stimuli. Such mAb, when used in combination with submitogenic doses of @entity4621 , were capable of triggering T-cell proliferation. The antigen has been designated as activation inducer molecule (AIM). In the present study we have investigated the expression of the AIM in different lymphoid and non-lymphoid tissues. In addition, we have analysed the ability of lymphocyte subsets derived from thymus and tonsil to proliferate in response to anti-AIM mAb. The presence of AIM on subpopulations of lymphoid cells from thymus, tonsil, lymph node and spleen has been demonstrated by immunoprecipitation, flow cytometry and immunoperoxidase staining of tissue sections. By contrast, non-lymphoid cells from tissue such as brain, kidney, liver, lung or skin did not react with anti-AIM mAb. In thymus, the AIM expression was restricted to a subset of CD3+ medullary thymocytes, whereas @entity4897 + CD3- cortical thymocytes did not express this antigen. Nevertheless, the majority of both purified @entity4897 - and CD3- thymocytes expressed AIM antigen after treatment with @entity4515 . In tonsil and lymph node, a strong staining of a subset of CD3+ T lymphocytes located in the germinal centre was observed by immunohistochemical labelling with anti-AIM mAb. Certain T cells from the paracortical zone and @entity1075 + B lymphocytes from mantle region were also reactive. Both purified tonsillar T and B lymphocytes strongly expressed AIM after activation with @entity4515 . The anti-AIM mAb was able to induce a strong proliferative response on purified @entity4897 - thymocytes as well as on both purified tonsillar T and B lymphocytes in the presence of submitogenic doses of @entity4515 . By contrast, no proliferative response was induced through the AIM in the CD3- immature thymocyte subset.

title: Expression of a @entity33108 activation inducer molecule (AIM) on XXXX lymphoid tissues. Induction of cell proliferation on thymocytes and B lymphocytes by anti-AIM antibodies.

entities_list: @entity4621 :: ('CHEBI:37532', 'Chemical') :: ['phorbol ester']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: @entity1457 proteins (HSPs) are chaperones induced under pathological conditions and involved in protein stabilization and cellular protection. In this study, we have evaluated the expression pattern of the glial cell-related @entity28915 , @entity22456 , and HSP47 following an excitotoxic lesion in the immature @entity35 brain. Postnatal day 9 @entity35 received an intracortical injection of @entity1024 and tissue was processed immunohistochemically for HSPs and double labeling using astroglial and microglial markers. HSP expression was quantified by image analysis. @entity16 caused primary @entity528 and secondary damage in the corresponding thalamus. In the injured cortex, reactive microglia/macrophages expressed @entity22456 from 10 h until 14 days postlesion (PL), showing maximal levels at days 3-5. In parallel, most cortical reactive astrocytes showed expression of HSP47 from 10 h until 14 days PL and a population of them also displayed @entity28915 labeling from 1 day PL. In addition, some cortical reactive astrocytes showed a temporary expression of @entity22456 at day 1. In general, astroglial HSP expression in the cortex achieved maximal levels at days 3-5 PL. In the damaged thalamus, @entity22456 was not significantly induced, but reactive astrocytes expressed HSP47 and some of them also @entity28915 . Thalamic astroglial HSP induction was transient, peaked at 5 days PL and reached basal levels by day 14. The injury-induced expression of @entity22456 , @entity28915 , and HSP47 in glial cells may contribute to glial cell protection and adaptation to damage, therefore playing an important role in the evolution of the glial response and the excitotoxic lesion outcome. @entity22456 may provide antioxidant protective mechanisms to microglia/macrophages, whereas HSP47 could contribute to extracellular matrix remodeling and @entity28915 may stabilize the astroglial cytoskeleton and participate in astroglial antioxidant mechanisms.

title: Glial expression of small @entity1457 proteins following an excitotoxic lesion in the immature XXXX brain.

entities_list: @entity1024 :: ('CHEBI:31882', 'Chemical') :: ['N-methyl-D-aspartate']

entities_list: @entity1457 :: ('MESH:D012769', 'Disease') :: ['Heat shock']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['Excitotoxic damage']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['cortical degeneration']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: Previous epidemiological studies, performed in conjunction with compulsory lung screening examinations, showed good results in detecting oral lesions in Hungary, where the mortality rate of @entity5 has increased by more than 30% in the past decade. Oral examinations were performed on a district population sample in Budapest, called regularly for X-ray lung examinations. @entity1613 and conditions were diagnosed and grouped according to internationally accepted criteria. Oral examinations of 7820 individuals were performed: 42.9% in @entity1 and 57.1% in @entity1 ; 42% of all examined subjects were over 60 yr of age. @entity8407 was diagnosed in 104 cases (1.3%). Histologic examination revealed @entity957 in one case. About 70% of @entity8407 occurred in @entity1 and 30% in @entity1 . Oral lichen was diagnosed in six cases (0.08%). The prevalence of smokers was 86.5% in the @entity12120 group as compared with with 29% in the non-lesion group. The new organizational screening model seems to function well in the "risk group" of elderly @entity1 , especially in the early diagnosis of @entity5 and @entity1613 .

title: Prevalence study of oral XXXX within a complex screening system in Hungary.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'persons', 'men']

entities_list: @entity8407 :: ('MESH:D007972', 'Disease') :: ['Oral leukoplakia', 'oral leukoplakias']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['oropharyngeal cancer', 'oral cancer']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1613 :: ('MESH:D011230', 'Disease') :: ['precancerous lesions', 'Precancerous lesions']

entities_list: @entity12120 :: ('MESH:D007971', 'Disease') :: ['leukoplakia']

answer: @entity1613 :: (MESH:D011230,Disease) :: ['precancerous lesions']


abstract: @entity358 ( @entity358 ), also termed @entity137 or silo unloader's syndrome, is an acute illness resulting from massive inhalation of microbial toxins in organic dusts. It has not been well described histologically. Three cases of @entity358 are presented in this report. Open lung biopsies were examined in each case. All of the @entity1 were farmers with no prior @entity358 . One had burning in his eyes, throat, and chest after exposure to moldy silage; chills, @entity221 , dry cough, malaise, and weakness developed within 24 hours. Two @entity1 presented with @entity221 , progressive @entity1353 , cough, and @entity1295 within 24 hours of emptying a corncrib, cleaning a @entity1573 coop, and baling hay. Bilateral alveolar and interstitial infiltrates on chest roentgenograms and @entity491 with @entity4795 were observed in all of the three @entity1 . Two @entity1 became hypoxemic and required mechanical ventilation. Histologic examination showed acute and organizing @entity16 in two biopsy specimens and an acute @entity3127 in the third. One specimen had 1- to 10-microm ovoid organisms demonstrable with @entity1332 silver stains; cultures grew Fusarium and Penicillium species. The other two biopsy specimens had negative tissue cultures and special stains for organisms, although Penicillium species were grown from a preoperative bronchoalveolar lavage in one case. The two @entity1 on mechanical ventilation recovered completely with high-dose @entity230 . The third @entity1 recovered without @entity230 . No @entity1 had residual functional deficits or chest radiographic abnormalities. @entity358 can be distinguished from allergic and @entity166 common in individuals exposed to large amounts of organic dust by its clinicopathologic features.

title: XXXX : a clinicopathologic study of three cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['organic dust toxic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['diffuse alveolar damage']

entities_list: @entity1332 :: ('MESH:D008709', 'Chemical') :: ['methenamine']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['infectious diseases']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['lung disease', 'Pulmonary mycotoxicosis', 'PM']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity3127 :: ('MESH:D001996', 'Disease') :: ['bronchopneumonia']

entities_list: @entity491 :: ('MESH:D007964', 'Disease') :: ['leukocytosis']

entities_list: @entity4795 :: ('MESH:C563010', 'Disease') :: ['neutrophilia']

answer: @entity358 :: (MESH:D008171,Disease) :: ['Pulmonary mycotoxicosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A high prevalence of @entity148 and @entity308 has been reported in untreated @entity66 ( @entity66 ) @entity1 . At present, the role of a @entity1593 ( @entity1593 ) on @entity74 is still poorly known. The aim of this study was to evaluate state and trait @entity148 and @entity308 in adult @entity66 @entity1 before and after 1 year of @entity1593 . METHODS: A total of 35 @entity66 @entity1 were studied before and after 1 year of @entity1593 . A total of 59 healthy subjects matched for gender, age and socio-economic status were studied as a control group. State and trait @entity148 were assessed with the STAI test; @entity308 was assessed using the modified version of the SDS Zung self-rating @entity308 scale (M-SDS). The tests were administered before (TO) and after 1 year of @entity1593 (T1). RESULTS: At T0, @entity66 @entity1 showed high levels of state @entity148 in a significantly higher percentage compared to controls (71.4% versus 23.7%; P < 0.0001), while there was no significant difference in trait @entity148 between groups (25.7% versus 15.2%; P:ns); the percentage of subjects with @entity308 was significantly higher in the @entity66 group than in the control group (57.1% versus 9.6%; P < 0.0001). At T1, a significant decrease in the percentage of state @entity148 was found in @entity66 @entity1 (T0: 71.4% versus T1: 25.7%; P < 0.001), while there were no significant changes in the percentage of trait @entity148 (T0: 25.7% versus T1: 17.1%; P:ns) or @entity308 (T0: 57.1.% versus T1: 45.7%; P:ns), which was still present in a significantly higher percentage in treated @entity66 compared to controls (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: In @entity66 @entity1 @entity148 is present in a predominantly reactive form and it decreases after @entity1593 . @entity308 is present in a higher percentage in @entity66 @entity1 and 1 year of @entity1593 fails significantly to affect depressive symptoms. The presence of @entity308 after @entity1593 could be related to the reduction in quality of life in @entity66 @entity1 . The non-regression of @entity308 after @entity1593 could suggest that these @entity1 need psychological support.

title: @entity148 but not @entity308 decreases in coeliac XXXX after one-year @entity1593 : a longitudinal study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity1593 :: ('MESH:D002446', 'Disease') :: ['gluten-free diet', 'GFD']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['coeliac disease', 'CD']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['psychological disorders']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: @entity8630 ( @entity8630 ) is a rare cause of @entity296 . @entity296 is reversible by curative ablation using surgery or radiofrequency current. We report our experience with 5 @entity1 with @entity8630 . Three @entity1 presented with palpitations and were diagnosed to have paroxysmal @entity4710 (2 @entity1 ) and @entity956 with 1:1 conduction (1 @entity1 ), but 2 presented insidiously with @entity712 . All the initial echocardiograms showed @entity1002 . The @entity1 underwent electrophysiological studies which confirmed the diagnosis of @entity8630 . The first @entity1 had surgical cryoablation and the other @entity1 had successful radiofrequency catheter ablation. Follow-up for 2 to 7 years has shown no recurrences. All @entity1 had significant improvement in left ventricular function on echocardiography. In conclusion, curative ablation by surgery or radiofrequency current is safe and effective. Because of its low morbidity, radiofrequency catheter ablation should be the treatment of choice for @entity8630 , especially if complicated by @entity591 -related @entity296 .

title: @entity8630 and XXXX -related @entity296 : therapeutic options and potential for cure.

entities_list: @entity8630 :: ('MESH:D013612', 'Disease') :: ['Incessant ectopic atrial tachycardia', 'IEAT']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['cardiomyopathy', 'Cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive cardiac failure']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity956 :: ('MESH:D001282', 'Disease') :: ['atrial flutter']

entities_list: @entity4710 :: ('MESH:D013617', 'Disease') :: ['supraventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular dysfunction']

answer: @entity591 :: (MESH:D013610,Disease) :: ['tachycardia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity14784 ( @entity14784 ) is traditionally described in the setting of @entity3124 , where the diagnosis is based on clinical assessment and imaging criteria. Very few studies have assessed the features and outcomes of @entity14784 in @entity1 treated by cholecystectomy. METHODS: @entity1 with histologically confirmed acute @entity2679 treated in a specialized unit in a tertiary hospital between 2005 and 2011 were identified from prospectively maintained database. Retrospective review of data was undertaken and @entity1 with @entity14784 were compared with those @entity1 with acute @entity2679 and confirmed @entity5990 . RESULTS: @entity14784 was identified in 35 of 412 (8.5%) @entity1 with acute @entity2679 . These @entity1 were older (69 years versus 61 years; P = 0.004) and were more likely to be febrile (46% versus 21%; P = 0.001) and @entity551 (23% versus 5%; P < 0.001) at initial presentation. There was a higher incidence of @entity1030 ( @entity1030 ) in the @entity14784 group (26% versus 6%; P < 0.001). Other co-morbidities were similar among the groups. Operative outcomes were similar between the groups. There were no overall differences in postoperative complications between @entity14784 and calculous acute @entity2679 @entity1 (17% versus 16%; P = 0.063). However, the postoperative length of stay was higher in the @entity14784 group (5 days versus 3 days; P = 0.026). CONCLUSION: @entity14784 more commonly occurs in older @entity1 and those with @entity1030 . The operative outcomes and complications of @entity14784 treated by cholecystectomy are similar to cases of acute @entity2679 .

title: Outcomes of XXXX with histologically proven acute acalculous cholecystitis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic obstructive airways disease', 'COAD']

entities_list: @entity3124 :: ('MESH:D016638', 'Disease') :: ['critical illness']

entities_list: @entity5990 :: ('MESH:D042882', 'Disease') :: ['gallstones']

entities_list: @entity2679 :: ('MESH:D002764', 'Disease') :: ['cholecystitis', 'calculous cholecystitis']

entities_list: @entity14784 :: ('MESH:D041881', 'Disease') :: ['AAC', 'Acute acalculous cholecystitis']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotensive']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: @entity11570 ( @entity11570 ) is a rare benign disease of the testis which has not been previously documented in tropical Africa. We report a case of a 24-year-old Nigerian @entity1 who presented with a @entity4 . Our clinical diagnosis was left @entity5 . @entity5 markers were normal. At surgical exploration, we found a left @entity5 . Histopathological examination of the specimen showed @entity11570 of the left testis. He had left radical orchiectomy and left inguinal node dissection. He has remained stable 8 months after the treatment. @entity11570 cannot be distinguished clinically from @entity5 unless by histopathological examination. Orchiectomy is the treatment of choice. However, in all @entity1 and particularly young @entity1 and those with a single testis, histopathological confirmation is suggested to avoid unnecessary radical orchiectomy, useless irradiation and ill-timed chemotherapy.

title: XXXX in an adult Nigerian.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'man']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['painless left hemiscrotal swelling']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Testicular tumor', 'testicular tumor', 'testicular cancer']

entities_list: @entity11570 :: ('MESH:D009920', 'Disease') :: ['Xanthogranulomatous orchitis', 'XGO']

answer: @entity11570 :: (MESH:D009920,Disease) :: ['Xanthogranulomatous orchitis']


abstract: Splenic function was assessed in 42 @entity1 with @entity5881 by counting the percentage of erythrocytes with indentations or pits, seen by differential interference contrast microscopy. These pits represent cellular debris normally removed by the spleen. The findings were compared with 42 age and sex matched controls. Mean (SEM) pitted red cell counts in the @entity1 was 2.7 (0.4)% and in the controls 0.7 (0.07)% (p < 0.001). In all of the eight reformed drinkers (five with biopsy proven @entity82 ), cell counts were normal. Six @entity1 with @entity5881 had had serious infections within the past year. Of these, one had had a @entity2258 and another of the @entity1 died from overwhelming @entity295 . Both of these @entity1 had evidence of functional hyposplenism as judged by high pitted erythrocyte counts. A total of 18 @entity1 were considered to have pitted red cell counts above the normal, and 11 of these had proven @entity82 and/or gross ascites. This study is the first to show the presence of functional hyposplenism in @entity5881 and provides further evidence of the predisposition that these @entity1 have to @entity281 . At present, it is unclear whether the hyposplenism is a direct toxic effect of @entity167 or the result of @entity82 ; further studies are warranted.

title: Splenic function in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['pneumococcal septicaemia']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity5881 :: ('MESH:D008108', 'Disease') :: ['alcoholic liver disease']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity2258 :: ('MESH:D011018', 'Disease') :: ['recent pneumococcal pneumonia']

answer: @entity5881 :: (MESH:D008108,Disease) :: ['alcoholic liver disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the radiobiological implications of clinical use of respiratory-gated techniques for postoperative radiation therapy of early-stage left-sided @entity0 after breast-conserving surgery. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Radiation therapy treatment plans of 80 @entity1 with @entity0 (stage I-II), receiving whole breast irradiation after breast-conserving therapy, were analyzed. The control group consisting of 47 @entity1 received standard radiation therapy, and the respiratory-gated group consisting of 33 @entity1 received deep inspiration-gated radiation therapy. Normal tissue complication probabilities (NTCP) for @entity299 and for clinical radiation-induced @entity55 were calculated for all @entity1 included in present study, using relative seriality model. NTCP data were analyzed for 113 radiation therapy plans, which included free breathing plans for the respiratory-gated groups. RESULTS: @entity55 probability was 0.6% (range 0.0-2.8%) and 0.3% (0.0-1.2%) for control and respiratory-gated group, respectively. Cardiac mortality was 1.3% (0.0-5.0%) and 0.2% (0.0-2.8%) for control and respiratory-gated group, respectively. Using respiratory-gated radiation therapy, NTCP was reduced in comparison with the control group by 83% (P<0.00001) and by 55% (P=0.01270) for @entity299 and for clinical radiation-induced @entity55 , respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Use of respiratory-gated radiation therapy, for postoperative treatment of @entity0 , significantly reduces excessive @entity299 probability and @entity358 probability, as compared to standard radiation therapy techniques. This is especially important from @entity299 probability point of view, as @entity299 remains one of the important issues of postoperative breast irradiation in @entity1 with early stage @entity0 .

title: Analysis of cardiac and XXXX probabilities after radiation therapy for @entity1 with @entity0 .

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer', 'early-stage breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonitis', 'Pneumonitis']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary complication']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart complication', 'cardiac mortality']

answer: @entity358 :: (MESH:D008171,Disease) :: ['pulmonary complication']


abstract: Although abnormal processing of @entity44948 ( @entity44948 ) has been implicated in the pathogenic cascade leading to @entity195 , the normal function of this protein is poorly understood. To gain insight into @entity44948 function, we used a molecular-genetic approach to manipulate the structure and levels of the @entity238 @entity44948 homolog @entity44949 . Wild-type and mutant forms of @entity44949 were expressed in motoneurons to determine the effect of @entity44949 at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ). We show that @entity44949 was transported to motor axons and that its overexpression caused a dramatic increase in synaptic bouton number and changes in synapse structure. In an @entity44949 null mutant, a decrease in the number of boutons was found. Examination of NMJs in larvae overexpressing @entity44949 revealed that the extra boutons had normal synaptic components and thus were likely to form functional synaptic contacts. Deletion analysis demonstrated that @entity44949 sequences responsible for synaptic alteration reside in the cytoplasmic domain, at the internalization sequence GYENPTY and a putative G(o)-protein binding site. To determine the likely mechanisms underlying @entity44949 -dependent synapse formation, hyperexcitable mutants, which also alter synaptic growth at the NMJ, were examined. These mutants with elevated neuronal activity changed the distribution of @entity44949 at synapses and partially suppressed @entity44949 -dependent synapse formation. We propose a model by which @entity44949 , in conjunction with activity-dependent mechanisms, regulates synaptic structure and number.

title: The XXXX @entity44948 homolog promotes synapse differentiation at the neuromuscular junction.

entities_list: @entity44948 :: ('39399(Tax:7227)', 'Gene') :: ['APP', 'beta-amyloid precursor protein']

entities_list: @entity238 :: ('7227', 'Species') :: ['Drosophila']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["Alzheimer's disease"]

answer: @entity238 :: (7227,Species) :: ['Drosophila']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: A lipoprotein fraction extracted from @entity579 bran (RBF) has been proved to be nontoxic to normal cells and to possess the ability to derange energy metabolism and induce apoptosis in @entity8270 cells. This study is designed to investigate the therapeutic effects of RBF as an antitumor substance on @entity1204 cells (Sawano). METHODS: Cultured @entity1 @entity1204 cells were treated with medium only (untreated), @entity3733 , or RBF at 100, 200, and 300 microg/ml. Mitotic indexes were counted by Giemsa stain and apoptotic index by fluorescent TUNEL stain for confocal laser scanning microscopy. DNA fragments were examined by agarose gel electrophoresis. RESULTS: Characteristic apoptotic morphology was observed in Giemsa-stained cells and further confirmed by confocal laser scanning microscopy in RBF-treated cells. Growth of Sawano cells was inhibited by RBF in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Apoptotic indexes (AI) showed an increasing tendency, and @entity6578 ( @entity6578 ) showed a downward tendency. In 300 microg/ml RBF-treated Sawano cells, AI even reached 41.62 +/- 2. 23% and @entity6578 decreased to 0.79 +/- 0.08% at 96 h. Both showed significant differences from to controls and other RBF-treated groups. DNA agarose electrophoresis revealed DNA fragmentation in a ladder pattern. CONCLUSIONS: RBF can induce apoptosis of cultured @entity1 @entity1204 cells (Sawano) and inhibit its cell proliferation as an antitumor substance.

title: Induction of apoptosis and growth inhibition of cultured @entity1 XXXX cells (Sawano) by an antitumor lipoprotein fraction of @entity579 bran.

entities_list: @entity1204 :: ('MESH:D016889', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity6578 :: ('MESH:C536987', 'Disease') :: ['mitotic indexes', 'MI']

entities_list: @entity8270 :: ('MESH:D002286', 'Disease') :: ['Ehrlich ascites tumor']

answer: @entity1204 :: (MESH:D016889,Disease) :: ['endometrial adenocarcinoma']


abstract: Water compartmentalization was studied in a thick-slice (1000 microm) model of @entity63 by combining water-content measurements with extracellular diffusion analysis. Thick slices bathed in artificial cerebrospinal fluid continually gained water. Total tissue water content was increased by 67% after 6 hours of the incubation. Diffusion measurements using the @entity30715 method showed that the extracellular space, typically occupying 20% of brain tissue in vivo, was decreased to 10% at 30 minutes and 15% at 6 hours in both deep and superficial layers of thick slices. Quantification of water compartmentalization revealed that water moved initially from the extracellular space into the cells. Later, however, both compartments gained water. The initial cell swelling was accompanied by dramatic shifts in @entity972 . An initial rise of extracellular @entity972 to about 50 mmol/L was measured with a @entity972 -selective microelectrode positioned in the center of the thick slice; the concentration decreased slowly afterwards. @entity972 content analysis revealed a 63% loss of tissue @entity972 within two hours of the incubation. In thick slices, ionic shifts, water redistribution, and a loss of synaptic transmission occur in both deep and superficial layers, indicating the spread of ischemic conditions even to areas with an unrestricted supply of nutrients.

title: Water compartmentalization and spread of @entity63 in thick-slice XXXX model.

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium', 'Potassium']

entities_list: @entity30715 :: ('MESH:C027917', 'Chemical') :: ['tetramethylammonium']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['ischemia']


abstract: Case 1. A 55-year-old male visited our hospital complaining of @entity3833 and two-staged micturition. Physical examination revealed a fist sized, elastic soft mass in the left inguinal region. Upright drip infusion pyelography (DIP) showed @entity1494 . Retrograde urethrography showed @entity1494 and a diverticulum. Cystoscopy revealed a indentation in the left bladder wall. Urodynamic studies demonstrated @entity347 in the lower urinary tract. From these findings, diagnosis was made as @entity1494 and @entity1494 . Resection of thin portion of the bladder wall and @entity547 repair, accompanied by prostatectomy, was performed. Case 2. A 37-year-old male visited our hospital with the history of @entity1901 and chronic @entity1069 . Upright DIP incidentally revealed the small right inguinal @entity1494 . Because he had no complaint of @entity3833 and two-staged micturition, he was observed without surgical treatment.

title: [Bladder XXXX : report of two cases].

entities_list: @entity1069 :: ('MESH:D053448', 'Disease') :: ['prostatitis']

entities_list: @entity1901 :: ('MESH:D014515', 'Disease') :: ['ureteral stone']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['left inguinal hernia of the bladder', 'bladder neck contracture', 'bladder hernia']

entities_list: @entity347 :: ('MESH:D019965', 'Disease') :: ['organic obstruction']

answer: @entity547 :: (MESH:D006547,Disease) :: ['hernia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To develop a modified surveillance definition of central line-associated @entity281 (mCLABSI) specific for our population of @entity1 with @entity1583 to better support ongoing improvement efforts at our hospital. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. @entity1 : @entity1583 population in a 1,200-bed tertiary care hospital on a 22-bed bone marrow transplant (BMT) unit and a 22-bed @entity1778 unit. METHODS: An mCLABSI definition was developed, and pathogens and rates were compared against those determined using the National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) definition. RESULTS: By the NHSN definition the CLABSI rate on the BMT unit was 6.0 per 1,000 central line-days, and by the mCLABSI definition the rate was 2.0 per 1,000 line-days ([Formula: see text]). On the @entity1778 unit, the NHSN CLABSI rate was 14.4 per 1,000 line-days, and the mCLABSI rate was 8.2 per 1,000 line-days ([Formula: see text]). The top 3 CLABSI pathogens by the NHSN definition were Enterococcus species, Klebsiella species, and @entity526 . The top 3 CLABSI pathogens by the mCLABSI definition were coagulase-negative @entity794 (CONS), @entity796 , and @entity794 . The difference in the incidence of CONS as a cause of CLABSI under the 2 definitions was statistically significant ([Formula: see text]). CONCLUSIONS: A modified surveillance definition of CLABSI was associated with an increase in the identification of staphylococci as the cause of CLABSIs, as opposed to enteric pathogens, and a decrease in CLABSI rates.

title: Development of a modified surveillance definition of central line-associated bloodstream infections for XXXX with @entity1583 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity796 :: ('287', 'Species') :: ['Pseudomonas aeruginosa']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus', 'Staphylococcus']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['bloodstream infection']

entities_list: @entity1583 :: ('MESH:D019337', 'Disease') :: ['hematologic malignancies', 'Hematologic malignancies']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The present review aimed to examine the effectiveness of behavioural weight-loss interventions involving primary-care physicians in producing @entity353 in overweight and @entity28 primary-care @entity1 . DESIGN: A systematic review was conducted by searching online databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, PsycINFO and SCOPUS) from January 1999 to December 2011. All abstracts were screened and coded for eligibility. The Cochrane Effective Practice and Organisation of Care Group quality criteria were used to assess the methodological adequacy of included studies. Information related to study design, population characteristics and intervention details was extracted. SETTING: Primary care. SUBJECTS: Overweight or @entity28 (defined as having a BMI > or = 25.0 kg/m2) primary care @entity1 . RESULTS: Sixteen different studies were included. Of these, six assessed primary care physicians    delivery of weight-loss counselling; nine assessed weight-loss counselling delivered by non-physician personnel with monitoring by primary care physicians; and one assessed a multi-component intervention. Overall, high intensity weight-loss counselling by primary-care physicians resulted in moderate but not clinically significant @entity353 . High-intensity weight-loss counselling delivered by non-physicians, meal replacements delivered in conjunction with dietitian counselling and referral to commercial weight-loss centre programmes accompanied by regular monitoring by a primary-care physician were effective in producing clinically significant @entity353 . Dietitian-delivered care appeared effective in producing @entity353 regardless of level of intervention intensity. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, there were few studies on this topic and the methodological rigour of some included studies was poor. Additional studies assessing the effectiveness and acceptability of potential interventions are needed to confirm these findings.

title: A systematic review of behavioural weight-loss interventions involving primary-care physicians in overweight and @entity28 primary-care XXXX (1999-2011).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although adjuvant radiotherapy was proved to be effective for local control of @entity5 even after standardized mesorectal excision, the role of adjuvant chemotherapy after such standardized surgery remains to be clarified. We aimed to assess the efficacy of a combination of @entity5537 and tegafur for pathological @entity5 treated by standardized mesorectal excision with selective lateral pelvic lymphadenectomy. METHODS: We randomly assigned @entity1 with completely resected @entity5 , who underwent standardized mesorectal excision with selective lateral pelvic lymphadenectomy, to receive either oral @entity5537 -tegafur (400 mg/m2 tegafur per day) for one year or no treatment. Standardization and quality control of the surgery and pathological techniques were ensured by use of the guidelines of the Japanese Society for @entity694 . The primary endpoint was relapse-free survival. The secondary endpoint was overall survival. RESULTS: We enrolled and randomized 276 @entity1 . Excluding two ineligible @entity1 , 274 were included in the analysis. Planned interim analysis 2 years after accrual termination revealed significant prolongation of relapse-free survival (P = 0.001) and overall survival (P = 0.005) in the @entity5537 -tegafur group. The 3-year relapse-free survival and overall survival rates were 78 and 91% in the chemotherapy group and 60 and 81% in the surgery-alone group, respectively. Local recurrence rates were low in both groups. Grade 3 events occurred in 17% of the chemotherapy @entity1 , but no grade 4 or more events occurred. CONCLUSION: Adjuvant chemotherapy with @entity5537 -tegafur improves survival of @entity1 with @entity5 after standardized mesorectal excision with selective lateral pelvic lymphadenectomy.

title: Adjuvant chemotherapy with XXXX -tegafur for pathological @entity5 after mesorectal excision with selective lateral pelvic lymphadenectomy: a multicenter randomized controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['rectal cancer', 'stage III rectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['Cancer of the Colon and Rectum']

answer: @entity5537 :: (MESH:D014498,Chemical) :: ['uracil']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Due to shortcomings of any valve replacement, repairing and retaining the native valve may be @entity886 . METHODS: Retrospective review of data and follow-up of aortic valve repair from a single institution. RESULTS: From 1993 to 2001, 56 @entity1 underwent aortic valve repair [median age 13.4 years (range 1 day to 45 years)]. The predominant @entity886 was mixed @entity337 25 (45%), @entity337 24 (43%) and @entity472 (13%). Repair techniques included sub-commissural plication 36 (64%), commissurotomy 24 (43%), cusp plication 15 (27%), pericardial patch cusp extension 8 (14%) and resuspension of commissures 4 (7%). Most @entity1 (88%) required a combination of techniques; 61% required additional procedures. Hospital survival was 55/56 [98%; (95% CI 91-100%)] no @entity1 was discharged on anticoagulation for aortic valve pathology. Fifty-three @entity1 [95%; (95% CI 85-98%)] remain alive after a median follow-up of 37 months; four survivors required aortic valve replacement and two required repeat aortic valve repair [84%; (95% CI 72-91%) reintervention-free survival]. CONCLUSIONS: (1) In this study, aortic valve repair for @entity154 avoided reoperation in the majority of patients, avoided anticoagulation and retained growth potential of the valve. (2) Repeat aortic valve repair or replacement was used to treat subsequent @entity340 .

title: Aortic valve repair for XXXX of the aortic valve.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['congenital abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity340 :: ('MESH:D006349', 'Disease') :: ['valve deterioration']

entities_list: @entity886 :: ('MESH:C563178', 'Disease') :: ['beneficial for congenital aortic valve disease', 'aortic valve lesion']

entities_list: @entity337 :: ('MESH:D001022', 'Disease') :: ['aortic stenosis/aortic insufficiency', 'aortic insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity472 :: ('MESH:D001024', 'Disease') :: ['aortic stenosis 7']

answer: @entity154 :: (MESH:D000013,Disease) :: ['congenital abnormalities']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine whether pre-emptive @entity1342 has an influence on @entity282 in adult @entity1 undergoing tonsillectomy. DESIGN: A prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. SETTING: University hospital. @entity1 : The study included 20 adult @entity1 undergoing elective tonsillectomy. Anesthetic induction and maintenance, dissection tonsillectomy, hemostasis techniques, and postoperative analgesic treatment were standardized for all @entity1 . Before the onset of incision, one tonsillar fossa was administered 5 mL of 2% @entity1342 with @entity1425 , whereas the other side received 5 mL of 0.9% saline with @entity1425 and was designated as the control side. MAIN OUTCOMES MEASURES: For each side, @entity282 , @entity7867 , operating time, amount of intraoperative @entity190 , and postoperative @entity548 were assessed. The intensity of @entity282 was measured at rest and when the @entity1 was drinking and was scored on a visual analogue scale. The @entity1 were followed up for 10 days after surgery. RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference in the amount of intraoperative @entity548 and operation time between sides (p > .05). The constant @entity282 in the @entity1342 side at rest was significantly less than in the placebo side on days 1, 2, 5, and 6 (p < .05). The post-tonsillectomy @entity158 experienced in the @entity1342 side when swallowing was significantly less than that in the placebo side throughout the study period except on day 10 (p < .05). CONCLUSION: Based on the present findings, preincisional infiltration of @entity1342 2% appears to be effective against both early and late @entity282 , especially on swallowing, following tonsillectomy in adults.

title: Preincisional infiltration of tonsils with @entity1342 in post-tonsillectomy XXXX relief: double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled intraindividual study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity1425 :: ('MESH:D004837', 'Chemical') :: ['epinephrine']

entities_list: @entity1342 :: ('MESH:C037663', 'Chemical') :: ['ropivacaine', 'ropivacaine hydrochloride']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative pain']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: Abstract @entity3040 ( @entity3040 ) is a rare @entity74 , mostly caused by @entity17367 mutations. Less than 10% of cases are due to mutations in the @entity7060 ( @entity7060 ) gene. Diagnosis and management of this condition remain challenging especially during infancy. Here, we report two unrelated @entity1 , a 6-month-old Thai @entity1 and a 5-year-old Emirati @entity1 , with a history of @entity11360 , chronic @entity221 , @entity4683 , and @entity2011 presented in early infancy. The results of @entity1949 test were compatible with a diagnosis of @entity3040 . The entire coding regions of the @entity17367 and @entity7060 gene were amplified by polymerase chain reaction and sequenced. @entity1 1 was homozygous for a novel missense @entity7060 mutation @entity47172 , inherited from both parents. @entity1 2 harbored a previously described homozygous @entity47173 mutation in the @entity7060 gene. Both @entity1 were treated with a combination of @entity2740 diuretics and @entity6478 . @entity1 1 developed paradoxical @entity2753 and severe @entity2700 2 weeks after medical treatment began. In conclusion, we report a novel mutation of the @entity7060 gene and highlight an important role of genetic testing for definite diagnosis. Vigilant monitoring of the fluid status and electrolytes after beginning the therapy is mandatory in @entity1 with @entity3040 .

title: Novel XXXX mutation causing @entity3040 : challenges in management during infancy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['infants', 'Patient', 'girl', 'patients', 'boy']

entities_list: @entity1949 :: ('MESH:D012892', 'Disease') :: ['water deprivation']

entities_list: @entity2700 :: ('MESH:D003681', 'Disease') :: ['dehydration']

entities_list: @entity11360 :: ('MESH:D005183', 'Disease') :: ['failure to thrive']

entities_list: @entity4683 :: ('MESH:D059606', 'Disease') :: ['polydipsia']

entities_list: @entity6478 :: ('MESH:D000584', 'Chemical') :: ['amiloride']

entities_list: @entity47172 :: ('p|SUB|G|96|E', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['p.G96E']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['inherited disorder']

entities_list: @entity2740 :: ('CHEBI:50264', 'Chemical') :: ['thiazide']

entities_list: @entity3040 :: ('MESH:D018500', 'Disease') :: ['NDI', 'Congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus']

entities_list: @entity2753 :: ('MESH:D007010', 'Disease') :: ['hyponatremia']

answer: @entity7060 :: (359,Gene) :: ['AQP2']


abstract: @entity3052 ( @entity3052 ) has a poor prognosis with standard chemotherapy. Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) in remission improves the outlook only for the one third of @entity1 with sibling donors. Autologous BMT with a lower morbidity and mortality is available to all. In this study, maximum cytoreduction was achieved by intensive early chemotherapy. Final intensification, with autologous BMT was offered to all those remaining in first complete remission (CR). @entity1 received two induction and two consolidation courses of intensively scheduled chemotherapy. Cytoreduction was assessed on day 14 and remission was assessed after courses 2 and 4. Bone marrow was harvested after recovery from the second consolidation course or after the first maintenance course and separated on a discontinuous percoll gradient before cryopreservation. Twenty-eight of 31 consecutively enrolled @entity1 achieved CR. Three relapsed early and, of the 25 eligible, 24 underwent autologous BMT. Twenty-three @entity1 received high-dose melphalan and 1 received @entity1863 and @entity786 before autologous BMT at a median of 113 days (range, 86 to 301) after initial CR. Trilineage engraftment occurred in all. Neutrophil recovery to greater than 0.5 x 10(9)/L occurred at a median of 46 days (range, 13 to 92) after autologous BMT. Platelet recovery was delayed, with a median time to achieve greater than 20 x 10(9)/L of 42 days (range, 18 to 215). With a minimum follow up of 25 months following autologous BMT only 3 @entity1 have relapsed. The 5-year event-free survival rate (EFS) from diagnosis is 68% (95% confidence interval, 46% to 90%). Five-year EFS following autologous BMT is 87% (95% confidence interval, 67% to 100%). Autologous BMT with high-dose melphalan administration after intensive chemotherapy has produced EFS equivalent to allogeneic BMT and is associated with a strikingly low relapse rate. High-dose melphalan appears to be a valuable agent for conditioning therapy in @entity3052 .

title: Results of intensive therapy in childhood XXXX , incorporating high-dose melphalan and autologous bone marrow transplantation in first complete remission.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1863 :: ('MESH:D002066', 'Chemical') :: ['busulphan']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['Childhood acute myeloid leukemia', 'AML']

answer: @entity3052 :: (MESH:D015470,Disease) :: ['acute myeloid leukemia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Correction of @entity417 in moderate to advanced @entity177 is still a matter of debate because of postulated detrimental effects of @entity5301 on the progression of @entity8 . METHODS: The renal effects of early normalization of haematocrit (Htc) by @entity5301 (rHuEpo) were investigated from the time of 5/6 nephrectomy up to 8 weeks post-intervention in three groups of remnant kidney model @entity35 : untreated controls (CON), @entity35 receiving 100 UI/kg body-wt of rHuEpo i.p. twice a week (EPO), and @entity35 receiving rHuEpo in which periodic phlebotomies maintained Htc similar to the value of the control group (PHL). The latter group was included to evaluate the direct effects of rHuEpo on @entity8 , i.e. independent from Htc correction. RESULTS: Two weeks after renal ablation (basal), Htc decreased in CON and PHL @entity35 (from 49.3+/-1.4% to 43.2+/- 1.1, P < 0.05 and from 49.6+/-1.1 to 43.3+/-1.5%, P<0.05 respectively), while it remained consistently normal in EPO @entity35 (48.9+/-1.2% to 48.9+/-1.50/%, P<0.05 vs other groups). Thereafter Htc did not change throughout the remaining period in all groups. At the end of the study, with respect to basal, resting blood pressure increased significantly by the same extent in CON (+ 13+/-2%) and EPO @entity35 (+ 15+/-5%), while it remained constant in PHL @entity35 . Notably, @entity1011 clearance significantly decreased in CON (-53+/-8% 8 vs basal) and EPO (-38+/-8% vs basal), while it did not change in PHL @entity35 . Likewise the degree of @entity644 as well as @entity296 and glomerular @entity1184 / @entity1463 was similar in CON and EPO @entity35 , and was significantly more severe than in the phlebotomized group. The only difference detected between CON and EPO group was the greater mesangial hypercellularity in rHuEpo-treated @entity35 . CONCLUSION: In uraemic @entity35 , chronic treatment with rHuEpo aimed at normalization of Htc beginning the early stage of @entity177 does not inevitably account for a @entity551 . In addition, neither @entity5301 per se nor the correction of haematocrit accelerates the progression of @entity8 when blood pressure remains constant.

title: The impact of early normalization of haematocrit by @entity5301 on XXXX in the remnant kidney model.

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal damage']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['renal morphologic alterations']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity1463 :: ('MESH:D012598', 'Disease') :: ['sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['rise in systemic blood pressure']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['renal damage']


abstract: Progressive loss of nephron function may be caused by persistence of factors that @entity8 . However, newer studies suggest that @entity16 is self-perpetuating once renal mass is reduced to some critical level. Original theories on mechanisms of self-perpetuated @entity130 focused on intraglomerular @entity101 and @entity8 , but several other factors have now been incriminated, including tubulointerstitial responses, @entity644 , and oxidative stress. Studies of @entity235 with surgically reduced renal mass (remnant kidney model of @entity740 ) have allowed investigation of the self-progression theory in this species. Use of this model eliminates pre-existing @entity8 as a confounding factor. Data from these studies indicate that self-perpetuated @entity8 is initiated when mild @entity2629 is induced (plasma @entity1011 concentration = 2 to 4 mg/dL). Thus, with naturally occurring @entity8 (s), it is likely that self-perpetuated @entity16 is occurring before or at the time when most cases of @entity740 are diagnosed. In @entity235 with remnant kidneys, loss of renal function often occurs at a linear rate over time, but non-linear patterns are common as well. The reciprocal of plasma @entity1011 concentration, which has been used to monitor rate of progression, is only a fair marker of renal function when compared to GFR. Thus, clinical results from @entity1011 measurements on cases of naturally occurring disease should not be interpreted too stringently. In remnant kidney @entity235 , the magnitude of @entity644 (UPC ratio) was not predictive of the rate in decline of GFR, casting doubt on importance of @entity644 in causing progression of @entity8 . However, progressive increases in UPC may be a marker of an accelerated rate of @entity8 . Self-perpetuation of @entity8 in @entity235 could be the sole mechanism by which naturally occurring @entity8 progress. When more information is available on the rate of progression of naturally occurring diseases, it may become apparent whether factors initially inciting @entity8 have an additive effect on rate of progression.

title: Progression of @entity740 in the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['glomerular hypertrophy', 'renal diseases', 'initiated renal disease', 'renal damage', 'renal disease', 'renal injury']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['nephron damage']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['chronic renal disease']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['nephron injury']

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['dog']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The @entity1789 is a distinct form of @entity10689 characterized by a unique ECG pattern consisting of a @entity714 -like aspect and ST segment elevation in leads V1 to V3. As a high induction rate of @entity1165 has been reported in @entity1789 , we hypothesized that this also may be true for @entity4710 in these @entity1 . METHODS AND RESULTS: Between January 1995 and December 2000, we identified 35 consecutive @entity1 with @entity1789 ; 26 had a history of @entity1167 or @entity1163 and 9 were asymptomatic. All @entity1 underwent electrophysiologic study, including an atrial and ventricular stimulation protocol. Ten @entity1 (29%) were found to have @entity4710 ( @entity4710 ) in addition to the @entity1789 . These 10 @entity1 presented with @entity1164 (n = 3) and/or a family history of @entity1164 (n = 4), @entity1163 (n = 4), or primarily with a Brugada typical ECG, a positive family history, and palpitations (n = 2). Eight of them underwent genetic testing, but only 1 had a mutation in the @entity1788 gene. In 6 @entity1 , an @entity2917 reentrant @entity591 was easily and reproducibly inducible. Two @entity1 had clinical documented and inducible episodes of an @entity591 (1 in addition to an @entity2917 reentrant @entity591 ). One @entity1 had @entity955 alternating with sinus rhythm, and 2 @entity1 with accessory pathways were identified. CONCLUSION: This is the first description of an association of the @entity1789 with @entity4710 . Thus, the arrhythmogenic substrate in @entity1789 may not be restricted to the ventricular level. Palpitations in this syndrome should raise the possibility of @entity4710 . Conversely, in @entity1 with @entity4710 and @entity1164 or @entity1163 not related to @entity4710 , the @entity1789 should be considered a possible additional electrophysiologic abnormality.

title: XXXX and @entity4710 : a novel association?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1789 :: ('MESH:D053840', 'Disease') :: ['Brugada syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1164 :: ('MESH:D016757', 'Disease') :: ['aborted sudden cardiac death', 'sudden cardiac death']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular tachyarrhythmias']

entities_list: @entity714 :: ('MESH:D002037', 'Disease') :: ['right bundle branch block']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardia', 'atrial tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity10689 :: ('MESH:C537182', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic ventricular fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['paroxysmal atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrest']

entities_list: @entity4710 :: ('MESH:D013617', 'Disease') :: ['supraventricular tachycardias', 'supraventricular tachyarrhythmias', 'SVT']

answer: @entity1789 :: (MESH:D053840,Disease) :: ['Brugada syndrome']


abstract: @entity528 in the basal forebrain cholinergic structures and frontotemporal hypometabolism are two characteristics of @entity195 , but their interrelations still are unsettled. We previously reported that unilateral electrolytic lesions of the nucleus basalis of Meynert in @entity6599 were associated with marked but transient cortical hypometabolism. The current study reevaluates this issue using improved methodology. @entity6599 with unilateral ibotenic acid lesion of all three basal forebrain cholinergic structures (IBO group) were compared with sham-operated animals. The CMRglc was measured with high-resolution coronal positron emission tomography scanning coregistered with magnetic resonance imaging, before surgery and serially between 4 and 72 days afterward. Severe histologic basal forebrain damage and a decrease of more than 50% in cortical @entity1877 acetyltransferase activity were found postmortem in the IBO group. Transient and nonspecific hypometabolism was found in the needle track area in both groups. Compared with the sham-operated group, only marginally significant decreases in ipsilateral-contralateral CMRglc ratios were observed in the IBO group, affecting only 1 of 14 neocortical areas investigated (the anterior temporal cortex) at a single postsurgical time (day 14), and the posterior hippocampal region at days 14 and 38. Furthermore, there was no consistently significant correlation between ipsilateral-contralateral CMRglc ratios and cortical @entity1877 acetyltransferase activity values in any of the four regions analyzed. These results suggest that cholinergic deafferentation play at best a marginal @entity75 observed in @entity195 .

title: Effects of damage to the basal forebrain on brain glucose utilization: a reevaluation using positron emission tomography in @entity6599 with extensive XXXX .

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['role in the brain hypometabolism']

entities_list: @entity6599 :: ('9557', 'Species') :: ['baboons', 'Baboons']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["Alzheimer's disease"]

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['Neuronal loss']

answer: @entity75 :: (MESH:D001927,Disease) :: ['unilateral excitotoxic lesion']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity32 is regulated by complicated mechanism that are responsible for the rupture of the blood-ocular barrier and the attraction of leukocytes towards the eye. This cellular trafficking is regulated by the liberation of inflammatory mediators and cytokines. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The main effects of @entity2918 that are described in the literature were reviewed. RESULTS: Despite the fact that the inhibitory action of @entity117 and NSAIDs on @entity2918 secretion is known since 1971, it is quite recently that two isoenzymes of cyclooxygenase were discovered. The @entity7542 ( @entity9859 ) is constitutive and is responsible for the production of @entity1421 . This @entity3009 is related to the housekeeping functions such as gastric protection, platelet aggregation and maintenance of renal function. The expression of the @entity3840 ( @entity2247 ) is induced by @entity32 . The presence of @entity2247 could be demonstrated in many ocular tissues (corneal epithelium and endothelium, pigmentary epithelium etc. ...). The use of NSAIDs in clinical practice allows a good control of @entity32 , of @entity158 , of the maintenance of a good mydriasis during surgery and are impending the onset of @entity1103 . CONCLUSION: @entity2918 are potent anti-inflammatory agents but their use is limited in the presence of severe @entity936 or @entity566 towards NSAIDs.

title: [Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['Ocular inflammation', 'inflammation', 'ocular inflammation']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity2918 :: ('MESH:D011453', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandins', 'Prostaglandins']

entities_list: @entity1103 :: ('MESH:D008269', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative cystoid macular edema']

entities_list: @entity3009 :: ('CHEBI:26333', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandin']

entities_list: @entity936 :: ('MESH:D015352', 'Disease') :: ['dry eye syndrome']

answer: @entity32 :: (MESH:D007249,Disease) :: ['ocular inflammation']


abstract: @entity3620 ( @entity3620 ) is a rare disease with a poor prognosis. @entity2615 , which is the most common type of @entity3620 , is considered to be caused by asbestos exposure and is increasing in incidence, with about 15,000 new cases diagnosed worldwide annually. On the other hand, peritoneal @entity2615 is a very rare type of @entity3620 ; thus, its pathogenesis is even less understood than @entity2615 . Recent research on the pathogenesis of @entity3620 has indicated that both epigenetic and genetic alterations contribute to tumorigenesis. Here, we hypothesize that peritoneal @entity2615 also has an epigenetic alteration in the same genes (Kazal-type @entity563 peptidase inhibitor domain 1 ( @entity44718 ), @entity44719 ( @entity44719 ), and @entity10887 ( @entity10887 )). Our goal is to identify DNA methylation of these three candidate genes in two peritoneal @entity2615 cases. Laser capture microdissection was used to separate diseased sections of @entity406 -fixed paraffin-embedded samples from one surgically resected tissue (epithelial type) and one autopsy tissue (sarcomatous type). Genomic DNA was subsequently extracted by the standard @entity3971 chloroform method. The DNA was then treated with @entity44720 , and pyrosequencing analysis was used to quantitatively analyze the methylation of candidate genes reported to be hypermethylated in @entity3620 ( @entity44718 , @entity44719 , and @entity10887 ). @entity44719 and @entity10887 were not methylated in either case. However, @entity44718 was highly methylated in @entity298 . We first report that the @entity44718 gene was hypermethylated in sarcomatoid-type @entity3620 .

title: Characterization of DNA hypermethylation in two cases of peritoneal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity44719 :: ('161291', 'Gene') :: ['transmembrane protein 30B', 'TMEM30B']

entities_list: @entity406 :: ('MESH:D005557', 'Chemical') :: ['formalin']

entities_list: @entity2615 :: ('MESH:D008654', 'Disease') :: ['pleural mesothelioma', 'mesothelioma', 'Pleural mesothelioma']

entities_list: @entity3620 :: ('MESH:C562839', 'Disease') :: ['Malignant mesothelioma', 'MM', 'malignant peritoneal mesothelioma', 'malignant pleural mesothelioma']

entities_list: @entity563 :: ('CHEBI:17822', 'Chemical') :: ['serine']

entities_list: @entity10887 :: ('5603', 'Gene') :: ['MAPK13', 'mitogen-activated protein kinase 13']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['sarcomatoid-type peritoneal mesothelioma']

entities_list: @entity44720 :: ('CHEBI:26709', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium bisulphite']

answer: @entity2615 :: (MESH:D008654,Disease) :: ['mesothelioma']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To assess tocolysis with @entity594 in @entity3152 during actual clinical practice in terms of efficacy and safety. @entity1 AND METHODS: Retrospective observational study during two years including @entity3152 between 26 and 33+6 weeks of @entity2588 . @entity3152 was defined by the presence of three or more uterine contractions in 10 minutes associated to cervical modifications diagnosed by vaginal sonography (length<or=25 mm). @entity1 were excluded if they had more than two fetuses or other gestational pathologies. Tocolysis resulted in oral taking of 30 mg of @entity594 (3x10 mg) with continuous follow-up of blood pressure. Tocolysis was modified when contractions did not disappear. Success was defined when delivery was delayed more than 48 hours. Failure was defined either by a delivery occurring in the first two days of tocolysis or when a modification of treatment was required. RESULTS: Fifty-eight @entity1 were included, 10 of whom having a twin pregnancy. Success was obtained in 84% of @entity1 (49/58). All of these @entity1 did not deliver during the first seven days after introduction of tocolysis. Five @entity1 delivered in the first two days after tocolysis and four others required a change in tocolysis. Mean gestational age at delivery was 37+5 weeks and 35 weeks for single and twin pregnancies, respectively. No maternal or fetal side effects were described. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: @entity594 could be prescribed for tocolysis in actual clinical practice because it seems to have safety and excellent tolerance.

title: [Tocolysis with XXXX : its use in current practice].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity3152 :: ('MESH:D007752', 'Disease') :: ['preterm labour', 'Preterm labour']

entities_list: @entity2588 :: ('MESH:D000568', 'Disease') :: ['amenorrhea']

entities_list: @entity594 :: ('MESH:D009543', 'Chemical') :: ['nifedipine', 'Nifedipine']

answer: @entity594 :: (MESH:D009543,Chemical) :: ['nifedipine']


abstract: Mutations in the @entity16402 gene have been reported to be associated with @entity746 ( @entity746 ). We sought to determine the frequency of these mutations in a UK @entity7104 ( @entity7104 ) cohort. Sequences of all eight exons of the @entity16402 gene were analysed in index cases from 61 different @entity7104 kindred lacking known @entity7104 mutations. Six exonic variants @entity47294 , @entity47295 , @entity47296 , @entity47297 , @entity47298 , p.(=), @entity47299 , p.(=), @entity47300 , p.(=) and @entity47301 , @entity26570 were identified in five @entity7104 index cases, three of which were non-synonymous and three were synonymous. One index case harboured three variants ( @entity47296 , @entity47298 and @entity47299 ), and a second index case harboured two variants ( @entity47296 and @entity47299 ). Only the p.( @entity26570 ) and @entity47295 mutations were predicted to be pathogenic. In one p.( @entity26570 ) kindred, the carrier developed both @entity746 and @entity4261 ( @entity4261 ), and, in the p.( @entity47295 ) kindred, the father of the proband developed @entity4261 . All p.( @entity26570 ) carriers were heterozygous for a previously reported founder haplotype for @entity4261 , where this mutation has an established causal effect. The frequency of the p.( @entity26570 ) mutation in this UK @entity7104 cohort was 2.3% and 0.97% overall including three previously screened @entity7104 cohorts. Our results confirm the presence of the p.( @entity26570 ) @entity16402 mutation in @entity7104 . This mutation is the most common @entity16402 mutation found in @entity746 to date, and a likely pathogenicity is supported by having an established causal role in @entity4261 . The occurrence of the same mutation in @entity746 and @entity4261 is indicative of a common pathogenic pathway that converges on protein homeostasis.

title: @entity16402 ( XXXX ) sequence variants in @entity746 cases in the UK: prevalence and coexistence of @entity16402 mutations in @entity746 kindred with @entity4261 .

entities_list: @entity47295 :: ('p|SUB|E|155|K', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['p.(Glu155Lys)', 'Glu155Lys']

entities_list: @entity26570 :: ('p|SUB|P|392|L', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['Pro392Leu', 'p.(Pro392Leu)']

entities_list: @entity4261 :: ('MESH:D010001', 'Disease') :: ["Paget's disease of bone", 'PDB']

entities_list: @entity47297 :: ('p|SUB|E|274|D', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['p.(Glu274Asp)']

entities_list: @entity746 :: ('MESH:D000690', 'Disease') :: ['ALS', 'amyotrophic lateral sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity7104 :: ('MESH:C531617', 'Disease') :: ['FALS', 'familial ALS']

answer: @entity16402 :: (8878,Gene) :: ['SQSTM1']


abstract: PURPOSE: To assess the coronary anatomy and prognosis of young, asymptomatic survivors of @entity583 . @entity1 AND METHODS: The records of all 5,316 @entity1 who underwent cardiac catheterization at Parkland Memorial Hospital from July 1978 to December 1992 were reviewed to identify those @entity1 40 years old and younger who were catheterized within 60 days of a first @entity583 . Of 129 such @entity1 , 48 had no indication for catheterization other than age (group I), and 81 were catheterized for spontaneous or provocable @entity63 (group II). Extent of @entity453 and long-term follow-up were examined to ascertain the utility of cardiac catheterization in the asymptomatic @entity1 . RESULTS: The 2 groups were similar with respect to clinical variables. The asymptomatic survivors of @entity1188 (group I) had fewer diseased coronary arteries than did those with post- @entity1188 @entity63 (group II) (1.0 +/- 0.7 versus 1.5 +/- 1.0 [mean +/- SD] diseased coronary arteries, respectively; P = 0.002) and were less likely to have left-main or 3-vessel @entity453 (4% versus 20%, respectively; P = 0.027). Eighty-three percent of the group I @entity1 had one diseased coronary artery, or less, and no @entity1 underwent angioplasty or coronary bypass grafting on the basis of catheterization. After 71 +/- 44 months of follow-up, only 5 (10%) had died of a coronary-related event. CONCLUSIONS: Asymptomatic survivors of @entity583 who are 40 years of age or less rarely have left-main or 3-vessel @entity453 , and their long-term prognosis with conservative therapy is good. Routine catheterization in these @entity1 is not warranted and should be reserved for those who manifest spontaneous or provocable post- @entity1188 @entity63 .

title: Coronary anatomy and prognosis of young, asymptomatic survivors of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarction']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarction']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: While the use of St John's wort extracts as treatment for mild to moderate @entity308 is well established the mode of action is still under investigation. Individual constituents of St John's wort extract were tested for possible effects on the @entity10343 density and a subsequent change in downstream signalling in @entity35 C6 @entity463 cells. METHODS: The effect of compounds from St John's wort extract on the downregulation of b1 -adrenergic receptor-GFP fusion proteins ( @entity10343 -green fluorescent protein (GFP)) of transfected @entity35 C6 gliobastoma cells (C6- @entity10343 -GFP) was investigated by means of confocal laser scanning microscopy (LSM). The influence on the lateral mobility of @entity10343 -GFP in C6- @entity10343 -GFP was investigated by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy. The formation of second messenger was determined by @entity268 -assay. KEY FINDINGS: Confocal LSM revealed that pretreatment of cells with 1    m of @entity22738 and @entity21543 for 6 days, respectively, led to an internalization of @entity10343 -GFP under non-stimulating conditions. Observation by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy showed two diffusion time constants for control cells, with   diff1    =   0.78        0.18   ms and   diff2    =   122.53        69.41   ms, similarly distributed. Pretreatment with 1    m @entity22738 or 1    m @entity21543 for 3 days did not alter the   diff values but decreased the fraction of   diff1 whereas the fraction of   diff2 increased significantly. An elevated level of @entity10343 -GFP with hindered lateral mobility was in line with @entity10343 -GFP internalization induced by @entity22738 and @entity21543 , respectively. A reduced b1 -adrenergic responsiveness was assumed for C6 gliobastoma cells after pretreatment for 6 days with 1    m of both @entity22738 and @entity21543 , which was confirmed by decreased @entity268 formation of about 10% and 5% under non-stimulating conditions. Decrease in @entity268 formation by 23% for @entity22738 and 15% for @entity21543 was more pronounced after stimulation with 10    m @entity452 for 30   min. CONCLUSIONS: The treatment of C6 gliobastoma cells with @entity22738 and @entity21543 results in a reduced @entity10343 density in the plasma membrane and a subsequent reduced downstream signalling.

title: Downregulation of b1 -adrenergic receptors in XXXX C6 @entity463 cells by @entity22738 and @entity21543 from St John's wort.

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity22738 :: ('MESH:C001654', 'Chemical') :: ['hyperforin']

entities_list: @entity452 :: ('MESH:D004280', 'Chemical') :: ['dobutamine']

entities_list: @entity21543 :: ('MESH:C021304', 'Chemical') :: ['hyperoside']

entities_list: @entity463 :: ('MESH:D005909', 'Disease') :: ['glioblastoma']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: Eleven commercially available protein preparation from human serum were subjected to capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) using a linear @entity2975 -coated capillary at pH 7.4. @entity69 , @entity4417 and @entity1851 were each separated into one major peak and several minor peaks. alpha 1-Antitrypsin was separated into two major peaks and three minor peaks. @entity5363 showed four major peaks with a leading shoulder. Haptoglobin, @entity5843 and prealbumin were detected as relatively wide peaks. Ceruloplasmin showed one major peak with notches, and two minor and several notched peaks. Only low density lipoprotein showed no peaks. A mixture of five of the protein preparations was separated into individual components, as well as individual isoforms. When the same mixture was analyzed by CZE using an uncoated capillary, a much poorer resolution was obtained. Application of this CZE system to albumin-depleted serum demonstrated that it is very useful for analyzing globulin components in serum.

title: Separation of components of human globulins by capillary zone electrophoresis using a linear XXXX -coated capillary.

entities_list: @entity5843 :: ('2', 'Gene') :: ['alpha 2-macroglobulin, alpha 1-acid-glycoprotein']

entities_list: @entity2975 :: ('CHEBI:51135', 'Chemical') :: ['polyacrylamide']

entities_list: @entity5363 :: ('197', 'Gene') :: ['alpha 2-HS-glycoprotein']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

answer: @entity2975 :: (CHEBI:51135,Chemical) :: ['polyacrylamide']


abstract: Long-term potentiation (LTP) of excitatory synaptic responses of principal neurons in the hippocampus is accompanied by changes in GABAergic inhibition mediated by interneurons. The impact of inhibition on LTP of excitatory postsynaptic responses in @entity1399 pyramidal cells was assessed by monitoring changes in field potentials evoked by Schaffer collateral stimulation in hippocampal slices in vitro. First, to determine the effect of inhibition on population EPSPs, slices were exposed to the @entity1246 (A) receptor antagonist @entity1027 (10 microM). Both the slope and amplitude of field EPSPs (fEPSPs) were significantly enhanced by @entity1027 indicating that inhibition modulates excitatory postsynaptic responses of pyramidal cells. To assess if stimulation-dependent changes in inhibition influence LTP of excitatory responses of pyramidal cells, LTP was examined in the presence and absence of @entity1027 (20 microM) following either 100 Hz tetanization, or theta-patterned stimulation (short bursts delivered at 5 Hz). In normal medium, 100 Hz stimulation produced marked short-term potentiation that decayed 5-10 min post- @entity116 and both stimulation paradigms produced similar LTP at 30 min post- @entity116 . In comparison, LTP of the fEPSP slope and amplitude was significantly enhanced after theta-patterned stimulation, but not after 100 Hz stimulation, in @entity1027 . The greater potentiation of field responses following theta-patterned stimulation in the presence of @entity1027 indicates that a larger potentiation of excitatory responses was unmasked during suppression of inhibitory inputs. These results suggest that a long-lasting enhancement of inhibition in pyramidal cells was also induced following theta-patterned stimulation in normal ACSF. Since suppression of inhibition did not uncover a significantly larger potentiation following 100 Hz tetanization, the influence of inhibition on LTP of excitatory responses appears to be stimulation-dependent. In conclusion, theta-patterned stimulation appears to be more effective at inducing plasticity within inhibitory circuits, and this plasticity may partially offset concurrent increases in the excitability of the @entity1399 network.

title: Effects of @entity1246 (A) inhibition on the expression of long-term potentiation in XXXX pyramidal cells are dependent on tetanization parameters.

entities_list: @entity1027 :: ('MESH:D001640', 'Chemical') :: ['bicuculline']

answer: @entity1399 :: (759,Gene) :: ['CA1']


abstract: The multidisciplinary management of @entity2 has been universally accepted. In France, the multidisciplinary approach for @entity5 @entity1 is established by law. However, the efficacy of this approach remains theoretical, given that no evaluation criteria have been made available and no previous reports have been published on the prospective follow-up of these @entity1 . The Groupe d' Oncologie Thoracique Azur  en carried out a 1-year prospective study on @entity1 discussed during its multidisciplinary weekly meetings, to analyze the concordance between the proposed and administered treatment, the delay of treatment, and the 1-year actuarial survival. Of the 344 @entity1 discussed during the period considered, the therapeutic decision was chemotherapy in 183 @entity1 , surgery in 93, radiochemotherapy in 42, radiotherapy in 14, and supportive care 12. Therapeutic discordance between the planned and the administered treatment was recorded in 15 cases (4.4%), mainly for @entity1 's refusal (seven cases) or poor performance status (five cases). The median delay of treatment was 20 days, shorter for chemotherapy (16 days), and longer for radiotherapy (27 days). The overall 1-year survival rate was 51.4%: 80.4% for stage I, 50.3% for stage II, 37.5% for stage III, and 27.2% for stage IV. For @entity1 for whom discordance of treatment was recorded, a lower survival rate was recorded, without reaching statistical significance (0.07). In conclusion, the efficacy of the Groupe d' Oncologie Thoracique Azur  en multidisciplinary management was confirmed, as we believe that a discordant rate of less than 5% and a delay of treatment of 4 weeks can be considered acceptable. Furthermore, a periodic survival evaluation of the population as a whole could provide additional useful information for multidisciplinary groups.

title: Multidisciplinary management of XXXX : how to test its efficacy?

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['lung cancer']


abstract: @entity28 is a major problem in @entity976 . We investigated whether @entity5 origin, growth pattern, and @entity16 predict @entity28 in @entity976 . Subjects were 58 @entity1 (30 males) with no @entity5 recurrence during the first postoperative 18 months. Preoperative hypothalamic involvement was classified into no (pre_G0, n = 19), little ( @entity5029 , n = 21), and severe (pre_G2, n = 18) involvement groups based on sub- or supradiaphragmatic @entity5 origin and growth patterns. Postoperative hypothalamic involvement was classified into no (post_G0, n = 4), minimal (post_G1, n = 19), and significant (post_G2, n = 35) involvement groups according to follow-up imaging. The prevalence of @entity28 increased from 13.2 % at diagnosis (mean age = 8.1 years) to 37.9 % at last follow-up (mean duration = 9.1 years). Only the body mass index (BMI) Z-score increment of the first postoperative year (first-year /\BMI_Z) was significant (P = 0.007). Both the preoperative BMI_Z (P = 0.001) and the first-year /\BMI_Z (P = 0.017) showed an increasing trend from the pre_G0 to @entity5029 to pre_G2 group. For the 40 @entity1 with pre_G0 or @entity5029 , the first-year /\BMI_Z was higher in the post_G2 group than the post_G1 group (0.02    0.91 vs. 0.89    0.72, P = 0.003). Tumor origin and growth pattern affect preoperative BMI_Z and postoperative @entity1017 . Despite little or no hypothalamic involvement at diagnosis, @entity16 contributes to postoperative @entity1017 in @entity1 with @entity976 .

title: Tumor origin and growth pattern at diagnosis and surgical @entity16 predict @entity28 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['Severe obesity', 'obesity']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['surgical damage']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['weight gain']

entities_list: @entity976 :: ('MESH:D003397', 'Disease') :: ['pediatric craniopharyngioma', 'craniopharyngioma']

answer: @entity976 :: (MESH:D003397,Disease) :: ['pediatric craniopharyngioma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The cause of @entity548 is unknown, but a venous source is suggested. If @entity548 is of venous origin, less elevation of the intracranial pressure and less perfusion deficits are expected than after @entity510 . AIMS: We compared perfusion in the acute stage after @entity548 and @entity510 . METHODS: We included 45 @entity548 @entity1 and 45 @entity510 @entity1 , who were matched on clinical condition at admission and underwent computerized tomographic scanning <72   h after @entity510 . Cerebral blood flow was assessed in 12 predefined regions of interest. Differences in cerebral blood flow values with corresponding 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Sub-group analyses were performed stratified on comparable amounts of blood and location of blood (posterior circulation @entity439 and additionally in infratentorial and supratentorial @entity439 ). RESULTS: Cerebral blood flow was higher in @entity548 @entity1 (mean: 63  8) than in aneurysmal sub-arachnoid @entity548 @entity1 (mean: 55  9; difference of means: -7  9 [95% confidence interval: -10  7 to -5  2]) and also in the sub-group with comparable amounts of blood (mean cerebral blood flow: 56  4; difference of means: -7  4 [95% confidence interval: -10  4 to -4  3]). Cerebral blood flow was comparable with @entity548 @entity1 for the sub-group with posterior circulation @entity439 (difference of means: -0  7 [95% confidence interval: -5  2 to 3  8]); however, differences diverged after stratifying posterior circulation @entity439 into supratentorial (difference of means -3  9 [95% confidence interval: -9  3 to 1  4]) and @entity439 (difference of means 3  0 [95% confidence interval: -2  8 to 8  8]). CONCLUSIONS: @entity548 @entity1 have a higher cerebral blood flow than @entity510 @entity1 . The findings of this study further support a venous origin of bleeding in @entity548 @entity1 . Future studies should further elaborate on cerebral blood flow in posterior circulation @entity439 .

title: Cerebral CT perfusion in @entity1 with perimesencephalic and those with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms', 'infratentorial aneurysms']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['Perimesencephalic hemorrhage', 'perimesencephalic hemorrhage', 'hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage', 'subarachnoid hemorrhage']

answer: @entity510 :: (MESH:D013345,Disease) :: ['aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage']