abstract: The standard treatment for advanced @entity189 ( @entity189 ) has become external beam radiation therapy (EBXRT) 70 Gy/7 weeks + 3 cycles of concurrent @entity900 followed by 2 to 3 cycles of adjuvant @entity900 / @entity1487 ( @entity1487 ). Some reports suggest that the addition of low-dose rate brachytherapy to EBXRT also improves local control. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the "triple" combination of EBXRT, brachytherapy, and concurrent/adjuvant chemotherapy. Eleven @entity1 treated from 1992 to 1998 were evaluated. All @entity1 had stage III/IV (excluding T4 lesions) @entity189 . Treatment consisted of EBXRT (64-70 Gy/7 weeks), followed by a brachytherapy boost (6-15 Gy delivered 0.5 cm deep to the mucosa). Chemotherapy consisted of concurrent @entity900 (100 mg/m2) and post-XRT adjuvant @entity900 (80 mg/m2) and @entity1487 (1,000 mg/m2/day x 4 days) for 2 cycles. All 11 @entity1 were evaluable. The average age was 44 years, and median follow-up was 38 months (range: 23-82 months). Median EBXRT dose was 66 Gy, and median brachytherapy dose was 9 Gy (median total dose: 75 Gy). All @entity1 obtained @entity5 complete response (CR). Two @entity1 required post-XRT neck dissection to achieve regional CR. To date, 10 @entity1 are alive with no evidence of disease. The 3-year actuarial survival is 100%. One @entity1 died at 82 months of a late distant recurrence (at 37 months post-XRT). No @entity1 has had a local or neck failure. Chemoradiation plus brachytherapy offers encouraging survival and local-regional control. Further study of this regimen as an alternative or adjunct to intensity-modulated EBXRT is warranted.

title: XXXX treated with external radiotherapy, brachytherapy, and concurrent/adjuvant chemotherapy.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['primary tumor']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['nasopharyngeal carcinoma', 'NPC']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['Nasopharyngeal carcinoma']


abstract: We report an investigation of the therapeutic efficacy and safety of TS-1 single-agent therapy administered as first-line therapy in 23 cases of unresectable advanced @entity356 treated at our institution. TS-1 was administered at 80 mg-120 mg (divided into two doses) per day for 28 days followed by a 14-day rest interval, making up a single cycle. The response rate for its antitumor efficacy was 39.1%, with partial response in nine cases, no change in seven cases, progressive disease in five cases, and two cases not evaluable (9 5% confidence interval: 19.7%-61.5%). By site, the response rate was 43.5% for @entity5 (10/23), 33.3% for lymph nodes (3/9), and 16.7% for liver @entity3 (1/6). In 1 @entity1 , the @entity843 disappeared,and in 3 @entity1 they decreased remarkably. No significant differences were observed with regard to age (70 and over/under 70) or histological type (differentiated/undifferentiated). The one-year survival rate was 32.8%, and the 50% survival period was 29 9 days. The most common side effect was @entity1210 in seven cases (30.4%), followed by decreased hemoglobin, @entity1277 , @entity409 and the like. Most side effects, however, were mild and did not exceed grade 2; grade 3 side effects were seen only in two cases (8.7%) of @entity1210 and two (8.7%) of @entity409 , a low rate of occurrence. The outpatient follow-up ratio(outpatient period/total treatment period) was high at 69.6%, meaning that first-line single-agent therapy with TS-1 is beneficial in terms not only of efficacy but also in maintaining quality of life.

title: [An investigation of TS-1 single-agent therapy administered as first-line therapy for unresectable advanced XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['primary tumors']

entities_list: @entity843 :: ('MESH:D001201', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomatous ascites']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1277 :: ('MESH:D001068', 'Disease') :: ['loss of appetite']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer']

entities_list: @entity1210 :: ('MESH:C536227', 'Disease') :: ['leucopenia']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['gastric cancer']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Pyeloureteral duplication is often associated to ureterocele and @entity1698 . Therapeutic approach of ureterocele is actually a debated subject because of the differences treatments. There is controversy about the classic heminefrectomy with ureterocele aspiration and the minimal invasive endoscopic approach. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We made a retrospective study about 34 @entity1 with pyeloureteral duplication associated with ureterocele (26) or with @entity1698 (8). The election of treatment was mainly based on renal function, showed on gammagraphy. It was performed heminephrectomy and ureterocele aspiration in @entity1 with hypofunctioning upperpole, and surgery saving the kidney when the renal function was normal. RESULTS: Heminephrectomy was curative in 66.5% of @entity1 with ureterocele. In the others was required a correction of the vesicoureteral reflux associated with the lower pole or removal of the ureterocele with ureteral reimplantation due to failure in ureterocele collapse. 88.5% of ureterocele was collapsed. None of the heminefrectomies performed on @entity1 with @entity1698 needed further surgery. Pathology studies showed a high incidence of @entity8 (63%). CONCLUSION: We consider the heminephrectomy the treatment of choice in pyeloureteral duplication associated with ureterocele and @entity1698 when gammagraphy studies show hypofunctioning upperpole.

title: [Treatment of pyeloureteral duplication associated with ureterocele or XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1698 :: ('MESH:D014516', 'Disease') :: ['ectopic ureter']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal dysplasia']

answer: @entity1698 :: (MESH:D014516,Disease) :: ['ectopic ureter']


abstract: A 45-year-old white @entity1 was found to have microscopic @entity811 during her annual physical examination. After a negative urologic workup, she returned 5 months later with @entity1985 , @entity177 , and hypocomplementemia. Renal biopsy showed a nodular sclerosing @entity8 that could not be further characterized because of inadequate tissue for immunofluorescence. The @entity1 returned 8 months later with @entity177 . A repeat renal biopsy showed deposits composed of immunoglobulin G (IgG) heavy chain and complement components C3 and C1 along glomerular, tubular, and vascular basement membranes, with negativity for kappa and lambda light chains, findings consistent with @entity11728 ( @entity11728 ). The heavy chain subclass was exclusively @entity3172 . Staining with monoclonal antibodies to epitopes of the constant domains of IgG heavy chain showed a @entity11729 deletion, indicating a truncated heavy chain. On review of the previously reported cases of @entity11728 , common clinical presentations include @entity1985 , @entity177 , @entity811 , and, in some cases, hypocomplementemia. In most @entity1 , the @entity1503 is mild, without overt @entity1582 . Light microscopy shows a nodular sclerosing @entity8 , and heavy chain deposits are detectable within basement membranes throughout the kidney by immunofluorescence and electron microscopy. There is no effective treatment for this condition, and virtually all @entity1 progress to @entity177 .

title: XXXX : the disease spectrum.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['glomerulopathy']

entities_list: @entity11728 :: ('MESH:D006362', 'Disease') :: ['HCDD', 'heavy chain deposition disease']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal insufficiency', 'chronic renal failure']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['hematologic disorder']

entities_list: @entity1985 :: ('MESH:D009404', 'Disease') :: ['nephrotic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity811 :: ('MESH:D006417', 'Disease') :: ['hematuria']

answer: @entity11728 :: (MESH:D006362,Disease) :: ['Heavy chain deposition disease']


abstract: AIM: To assess the clinical significance and the prognostic value of preoperative serum @entity1735 antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9) level in @entity356 . METHODS: Between January 2005 and December 2006, 1960 @entity1 underwent surgery for histologically confirmed @entity356 . Of these, 163 @entity1 had elevated serum levels of CA 19-9 preoperatively, and 1628 @entity1 had normal serum levels of CA 19-9 preoperatively. For this study, 325 @entity1 were selected from the group of 1628 @entity1 by age, sex, and @entity5 stage to serve as controls. Statistically significant differences in survival rates were calculated using the log-rank test. A P value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant and was determined using SAS software. RESULTS: The baseline characteristics showed some differences between the two groups with regard to histology. @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) in the elevated and non-elevated group was 37.90 and 68.67 mo, respectively (P < 0.001). N stage (P = 0.001) was a significant predictor of disease-free survival by multivariate analysis. Also, N stage (P < 0.001), and the presence of peritoneal @entity3 (P < 0.001) remained independent factors in predicting @entity1349 by multivariate analysis. Additionally, preoperative serum CA 19-9 levels were significantly associated with @entity1349 in univariate (P = 0.009) and multivariate (P = 0.021) analyses. CONCLUSION: Serum CA 19-9 can be considered an independent prognostic factor in predicting @entity1349 in patients anticipating surgery for @entity356 .

title: High level of preoperative XXXX antigen 19-9 is a poor survival predictor in @entity356 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'Overall survival']

answer: @entity1735 :: (CHEBI:16646,Chemical) :: ['carbohydrate']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A variety of prostheses are now available for the endovascular treatment of @entity1028 ( @entity1028 ). Significant advantages of the EVT device are its unibody design, secure hook attachment system and graft fabric approximating that used in conventional surgery. METHODS: Implantation of the EVT device was attempted in 60 @entity1 who were studied prospectively with an analysis of subsequent problems encountered. RESULTS: Conversion to open repair was required in four cases (6.7%). There were nine tube grafts inserted, 13 aorto-unilateral iliac with crossover grafts and 34 aorto-bi-iliac grafts. There was one death (mortality 1.7%). Endoleaks were identified in eight @entity1 (14%), none of which were proximal; three sealed spontaneously, two were treated with coil embolization, two are being observed and one @entity1 had an iliac attachment converted to an open @entity254 . @entity6520 were seen in 21 @entity1 (35%); two-thirds were corrected at the time of initial surgery. Seven @entity1 (12%) had primary graft limb problems identified and treated before leaving the operating room. Nine @entity1 (16%) developed secondary graft limb problems, which were diagnosed and treated after the initial surgery. Endovascular treatment was used in eight and was successful in six with surgical revision required in two. On review of these cases to assess if the problem could have been predicted at the time of initial surgery, it was felt that more aggressive treatment of intraoperatively diagnosed graft limb stenoses, even though considered mild, may have prevented 50% of subsequent secondary graft limb occlusions. CONCLUSION: Although the EVT device has significant advantages in the endovascular management of aortic @entity439 , potential graft limb problems need to be actively identified with the majority able to be successfully managed by supplementary endovascular techniques.

title: EVT endovascular graft for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity6520 :: ('MESH:C536223', 'Disease') :: ['Access vessel problems']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity1028 :: ('MESH:D017544', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal aortic aneurysm', 'AAA']

answer: @entity1028 :: (MESH:D017544,Disease) :: ['abdominal aortic aneurysm']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine the long-term outcomes in terms of @entity1534 and @entity1066 recurrence after second-line eradication with @entity1535 -containing quadruple regimens in Korea. METHODS: Sixty-seven @entity1 with peptic @entity1066 after successful eradication using second-line quadruple therapies were prospectively followed up 1 month after treatment and then every 6 months or when @entity1109 reappeared to ascertain @entity1534 and @entity1066 status. RESULTS: Three @entity1 were lost during follow-up. The median duration of follow-up of the remaining 64 @entity1 was 26.8 months. @entity1534 recurrence occurred in 11 of these 64 @entity1 (17.2%), giving a calculated reinfection rate of 6.0% per @entity1 -year. Only one of the 11 @entity1 was reinfected by 12 months after treatment completion. Four of 11 @entity1 (36.4%) who became reinfected experienced peptic @entity1066 recurrence, but none of 53 @entity1 who were not reinfected experienced recurrence. No evidence was obtained to indicate that the reinfection rate depended on the age, sex, @entity1066 location, or eradication regimens. The relapse of @entity1109 was the only factor predictive of @entity1534 recurrence. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that the recurrence rate of @entity1534 at 1 year after second-line, @entity1535 -containing quadruple therapy is low, but the annual reinfection rate is as high as 6%. Surveillance for @entity1534 reinfection facilitating peptic @entity1066 recurrence may be warranted even after a second eradication, especially when @entity1109 reappear in Korea.

title: Long-term outcomes after XXXX eradication with second-line, @entity1535 -containing quadruple therapy in Korea.

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulcer', 'ulcer disease']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['dyspeptic symptoms']

entities_list: @entity1534 :: ('210', 'Species') :: ['H. pylori', 'Helicobacter pylori']

answer: @entity1534 :: (210,Species) :: ['Helicobacter pylori']


abstract: The complete DNA sequence of cosmid clone pEKG080 comprising 20,723 base pairs was determined from an ordered set of subclones. The sequence contains nine open reading frames (ORFs) longer than 100 @entity1522 . The deduced @entity535 sequence of YKL067 exhibits significant similarity to @entity5688 kinases from a number of species and probably represents this gene in @entity375 . YKL068 is identical to the @entity48443 gene recently cloned and sequenced. The gene codes for a nuclear pore complex protein. YKL073 is identical to Hsp70 proteins from @entity375 and Hydra at about 20% of the @entity1522 . The significance of this similarity is uncertain. The remaining six ORFs do not share homology with known proteins. Three tRNAs for @entity3793 , @entity4857 and @entity2340 respectively were identified, the latter interrupted by a 34 bp intron. Solo delta sequences were found at three locations.

title: Sequence of a 20.7 kb region of @entity375 chromosome XI includes the XXXX gene, an open reading frame (ORF) possibly representing a @entity5688 kinase gene, tRNAs for His, Val and Trp in addition to seven ORFs with weak or no significant similarity to known proteins.

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity5688 :: ('CHEBI:16862', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleoside diphosphate']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity3793 :: ('CHEBI:27570', 'Chemical') :: ['histidine']

entities_list: @entity2340 :: ('CHEBI:27897', 'Chemical') :: ['tryptophan']

answer: @entity48443 :: (853796(Tax:4932),Gene) :: ['NUP100']


abstract: @entity64 and @entity63 ( @entity63 ) arise from identical etiologies and many fatal or disabling @entity64 are preceded by a @entity63 . Ten percent of @entity1 presenting with a @entity63 will suffer a @entity64 within 3 months with half occurring in the first 48 hours. Still, many @entity1 with a @entity63 do not receive timely evaluation or therapy. Hospitalization offers the opportunity for rapid evaluation and secondary prevention, reduced time to thrombolysis for early second @entity64 , and can be cost effective for high risk @entity1 . Stratification tools are now available which allow individualized assessment of risk for early second @entity64 based on @entity1 characteristics on presentation. The use of scoring systems such as the ABCD(2) score to predict risk of @entity64 after @entity63 are useful in making an evidence-based judgment regarding need for hospitalization. High-risk @entity1 have an 8.1% risk for @entity64 in the 48 hours after a @entity63 and warrant hospital admission. Intermediate-risk @entity1 have a 4.1% risk of early second @entity64 and may be considered for admission, observation, or expedited clinic evaluation. Low-risk @entity1 have a 2-day @entity64 risk of only 1% and are likely appropriate for prompt outpatient evaluation. @entity63 is a medical emergency, similar to @entity1459 , and high risk @entity1 should receive treatment and prevention measures instituted with comparable urgency.

title: Risk stratification tools for @entity63 : which XXXX require hospital admission?

entities_list: @entity1459 :: ('MESH:D000789', 'Disease') :: ['unstable angina']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['strokes', 'stroke', 'Stroke']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['transient ischemic attack', 'TIA']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: When primary chondrocytes are cultured in monolayer, they undergo dedifferentiation during which they lose their phenotype and their capacity to form cartilage. Dedifferentiation is an obstacle for cell therapy for @entity528 . In this study, we aimed to systemically evaluate the changes in gene expression during dedifferentiation of @entity1 articular chondrocytes to identify underlying mechanisms. METHODS: RNA was isolated from monolayer-cultured primary @entity1 articular chondrocytes at serial passages. Gene expression was analyzed by microarray. Based on the microarray analysis, relevant genes and pathways were identified. Their functions in chondrocyte dedifferentiation were further investigated. RESULTS: In  vitro expanded @entity1 chondrocytes showed progressive changes in gene expression. Strikingly, an overall decrease in total gene expression was detected, which was both gradual and cumulative. DNA methylation was in part responsible for the expression downregulation of a number of genes. Genes involved in many pathways such as the @entity3963 ( @entity3963 ) and @entity6861 ( @entity6861 ) pathways exhibited significant changes in expression. Inhibition of @entity3963 pathway did not show dramatic effects in counteracting dedifferentiation process. @entity1841 was able to decelerate the dedifferentiation and reinforce the maintenance of chondrocyte phenotype in monolayer culture. CONCLUSION: Our study not only improves our knowledge of the intricate signaling network regulating maintenance of chondrocyte phenotype, but also contributes to improved chondrocyte expansion and chondrogenic performance for cell therapy.

title: Gene expression profiling of dedifferentiated XXXX articular chondrocytes in  monolayer culture.

entities_list: @entity3963 :: ('5594', 'Gene') :: ['extracellular-signal-regulated kinase', 'ERK']

entities_list: @entity6861 :: ('649', 'Gene') :: ['Bone morphogenetic protein', 'BMP']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['cartilage degeneration']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: Two hundred and thirteen @entity526 strains originating in 12 countries were included in the study. Of these, 157 were classical enteropathogenic @entity526 (EPEC) serotypes, 54 belonged to O138, O139 and O141 serogroups i.e. porcine @entity4 strains and two strains were of serogroup O157 associated with @entity548 . Surface hydrophobicity was determined by the @entity1423 ( @entity1423 ). Haemagglutination was assayed against erythrocytes of six animal species with strains grown under conditions known to promote expression of haemagglutinins. Sixty three EPEC strains were hydrophobic i.e. @entity1423 value less than or equal to 0.1-1.6, and of these 15 did not haemagglutinate. Fimbriae were abundant on non-haemagglutinating strain 2178/58 (O26) when grown in nutrient broth. Fewer fimbriae per cell were present after growth on nutrient agar. Heat- and protease treatment reduces the surface hydrophobicity of EPEC strains. We propose that EPEC strains may carry a number of different surface proteins which determine binding to intestinal cells in a similar way as hydrophobic non-haemagglutinating fimbriae determine binding to @entity95 intestinal brush borders, cf @entity95 EPEC strain RDEC 1.

title: Non-haemagglutinating fimbriae of enteropathogenic XXXX (EPEC).

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['haemorrhagic colitis']

entities_list: @entity1423 :: ('MESH:D001791', 'Disease') :: ['salt aggregation test', 'SAT']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['edema disease']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli', 'E. coli']

answer: @entity526 :: (562,Species) :: ['Escherichia coli']


abstract: Three @entity1 with an unusual but clearly defined combination of clinical findings that appear to have been inherited in an autosomal recessive manner are described. All had developed @entity9257 , chronic @entity4537 , @entity5806 , and @entity3169 in infancy. In every case, dental enamel was hypoplastic and both skin and mucosal surfaces demonstrated increased susceptibility to @entity130 . @entity74 occurred, to life threatening @entity1576 in two cases and to effective @entity1939 and fatal @entity1576 in the third @entity1 . All of these @entity1 came from the Pakistani ethnic group. No medical treatment has halted progression of this disease but laser therapy has been partially successful in alleviating laryngeal manifestations. Ultrastructural and immunohistological examination of unaffected skin was undertaken in each @entity1 . No abnormality was found in the @entity1 with the mildest clinical disease. Both of the other @entity1 showed abnormal hemidesmosomes on ultrastructural examination. The most severely affected @entity1 also had abnormally weak immunoreactivity with antibodies G71 and @entity17267 directed against basal cell alpha 6 beta 4 integrin and the basement membrane glycoprotein nicein respectively. These abnormal findings are also seen in skin from @entity1 with @entity3202 . These three @entity1 have the @entity24507 , which may not be rare in their ethnic group. The available clinical and pathological evidence is consistent with this syndrome being caused by an @entity74 affecting the lamina lucida of the skin basement membrane zone. The @entity24507 may therefore represent a new and distinctive type of @entity3202 .

title: @entity24507 : an XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'child']

entities_list: @entity3169 :: ('MESH:D003229', 'Disease') :: ['conjunctival disease']

entities_list: @entity5806 :: ('MESH:D009260', 'Disease') :: ['nail dystrophy']

entities_list: @entity9257 :: ('MESH:D007818', 'Disease') :: ['laryngeal abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity24507 :: ('MESH:C537032', 'Disease') :: ['laryngo-onycho-cutaneous syndrome']

entities_list: @entity3202 :: ('MESH:D016109', 'Disease') :: ['junctional epidermolysis bullosa']

entities_list: @entity1939 :: ('MESH:D001766', 'Disease') :: ['blindness']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['Progression of disease', 'inherited defect']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory obstruction']

entities_list: @entity4537 :: ('MESH:D012883', 'Disease') :: ['skin ulceration']

answer: @entity74 :: (MESH:D030342,Disease) :: ['inherited epithelial defect']


abstract: @entity6910 -incompatible (ABOi) adult living donor liver transplantation (ALDLT) is a feasible therapeutic option for countries with a scarcity of deceased donors. This report presents our initial experiences in ABOi ALDLT in 10 @entity1 between December 2008 and September 2009. The mean age of recipients was 48.5    5.7 years (range, 40-54 years). The mean Model for End-stage @entity409 score was 13.9    4.0 (range, 9-22). All @entity1 were administered preoperative rituximab once and plasma exchanges according to the hemagglutinin titer. The spleen was preserved in all cases. For local infusion therapy, hepatic arterial infusion was performed in 9 @entity1 and portal vein infusion in 1 subject. The 10 @entity1 experienced no in-hospital mortality. At a mean follow-up period of 31.8    2.9 months (range, 4.1-34.9 months), 1 @entity1 has died (postoperative month 4 due to @entity295 following a biliary stricture. The 3-month @entity1 and graft survivals were 100%, and 1- and 2-year survivals, 90.0%. There was no episode of antibody-mediated rejection. The promising results of our initial experience may have been due to the use of preoperative rituximab and the good preoperative conditions of the @entity1 .

title: Successful experiences of XXXX -incompatible adult living donor liver transplantation in a single institute: no immunological failure in 10 consecutive cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['Liver-Disease']

answer: @entity6910 :: (28,Gene) :: ['ABO']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The association between fire-setting behavior and @entity146 remains poorly understood. Although a link between fire-setting behavior and various organic @entity75 has been established, associations between fire setting and focal @entity75 have not yet been reported. Here, we describe the case of a 24-year-old first time arsonist who suffered Todd's @entity912 prior to the onset of a bizarre and random fire-setting behavior. CASE PRESENTATION: A case of a 24-year-old @entity1 with a sudden onset of a bizarre and random fire-setting behavior is reported. The @entity1 , who had been arrested on felony arson charges, complained of difficulties concentrating and of recent memory disturbances with @entity425 . A video-EEG recording demonstrated a close relationship between the focal @entity73 and a clear-cut @entity302 ictal discharge involving the bilateral motor cortical areas. The SPECT result was statistically analyzed by comparing with standard SPECT images obtained from our institute (easy Z-score imaging system; eZIS). eZIS revealed hypoperfusion in cingulate cortex, basal ganglia and hyperperfusion in frontal cortex,. A neuropsychological test battery revealed lower than normal scores for executive function, attention, and memory, consistent @entity75 . CONCLUSION: The fire-setting behavior and Todd's @entity912 , together with an unremarkable performance on tests measuring executive function fifteen months prior, suggested a causal relationship between this @entity75 and the fire-setting behavior. The case describes a rare and as yet unreported association between random, impulse-driven fire-setting behavior and damage to the brain and suggests a disconnection of frontal lobe structures as a possible pathogenic mechanism.

title: An uncommon case of random fire-setting behavior associated with Todd XXXX : a case report.

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric or medical disorders']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['organic brain lesion', 'brain lesions', 'brain disorders', 'with frontal lobe dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['motor impairment']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['leg weakness']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epileptic']

entities_list: @entity912 :: ('MESH:D010243', 'Disease') :: ['paralysis']

answer: @entity912 :: (MESH:D010243,Disease) :: ['paralysis']


abstract: @entity5274 is very rare. Only one such case has been reported. A 30-years-old female with @entity2696 of the left fallopian tube is described here. She presented with @entity221 , @entity3556 and foul smelling discharge. A mass was felt in left fornix. On exploratory laparotomy, a left @entity43 adherent to the surrounding structures was seen. Clinical diagnosis was @entity5852 with adhesions. Left-sided partial tubectomy was performed. Histology of the left tube revealed large dilated channels containing lymph in the submucosa. Lymphocytes were also seen in some channels. Histogenesis of @entity2696 remains uncertain. Presence of adhesions in this case suggests a reactive origin. Histopathology is confirmatory for diagnosis.

title: XXXX --a case report.

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['tubo-ovarian mass']

entities_list: @entity3556 :: ('MESH:D014592', 'Disease') :: ['vaginal bleeding']

entities_list: @entity5852 :: ('MESH:D000031', 'Disease') :: ['septic abortion']

entities_list: @entity5274 :: ('MESH:D005184', 'Disease') :: ['Lymphangioma of the fallopian tube']

entities_list: @entity2696 :: ('MESH:D008202', 'Disease') :: ['lymphangioma']

answer: @entity5274 :: (MESH:D005184,Disease) :: ['Lymphangioma of the fallopian tube']


abstract: Kr  ppel-like factor 4 ( @entity4730 ) is a transcription factor with diverse functions in various @entity5 types; however, the function of @entity4730 in @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ) carcinogenesis remains unknown. In this study, we initially examined @entity4730 expression by using a cohort of surgically removed @entity1358 specimens and cell lines. Results indicated that the transcription and translation of @entity4730 were lower in @entity1358 tissues than in @entity1 -matched normal tissues. Furthermore, the @entity4730 expression was significantly downregulated in the five @entity1358 cell lines at protein and mRNA levels compared with that in normal renal proximal tubular epithelial cell lines (HKC). @entity4730 downregulation was significantly correlated with @entity5 stage and @entity5 diameter. Promoter hypermethylation may contribute to its low expression. In addition, in vitro studies indicated that the @entity4730 overexpression significantly inhibited proliferation in @entity1 @entity1358 cell lines 786-O and ACHN. Moreover, the @entity4730 overexpression arrested the cell cycle progress at the G1/S phase transition by upregulating @entity994 ( @entity994 ) expression and downregulating @entity4910 expression, @entity4730 knockdown in HKC cells did the opposite. In vivo studies confirmed the anti-proliferative effect of @entity4730 . Our results suggested that @entity4730 had an important function in suppressing the growth of @entity1358 .

title: Attenuation of kr  ppel-like factor 4 facilitates carcinogenesis by inducing g1/s phase arrest in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['clear cell renal cell carcinoma', 'ccRCC']

answer: @entity1358 :: (MESH:D002292,Disease) :: ['clear cell renal cell carcinoma']


abstract: In this study, a microemulsion system was evaluated for delivery of @entity1138 ( @entity1139 ). To track the distribution of the formulated drug after intravenous administration, radiochemical labeling and gamma scintigraphy imaging were used. The aim was to evaluate a microemulsion system for intravenous delivery of @entity1139 and to compare its in vivo behavior with that of the @entity1139 solution. For microemulsion formulation, @entity1460 oil was used as the oil phase. Lecithin and @entity9266 were surfactants and @entity1068 was the cosurfactant. To understand the whole body localization of @entity1139 -loaded microemulsion, @entity1139 was labeled with radioactive @entity1136 and gamma scintigraphy was applied for visualization of drug distribution. Radioactivity in the bladder 30 minutes after injection of the @entity1139 solution was observed, according to static gamma camera images. This shows that urinary excretion of the latter starts very soon. On the other hand, no radioactivity appeared in the urinary bladder during the 90 minutes following the administration of @entity1139 -loaded microemulsion. The unabated radioactivity in the liver during the experiment shows that the localization of microemulsion formulation in the liver is stable. In the light of the foregoing, it is suggested that this microemulsion formulation may be an appropriate carrier system for anticancer agents by intravenous delivery in @entity96 chemotherapy.

title: Determination of in vivo behavior of @entity1138 -loaded o/w @entity1460 oil microemulsion and XXXX solution via gamma camera imaging.

entities_list: @entity1136 :: ('MESH:D013667', 'Chemical') :: ['technetium']

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity1138 :: ('MESH:D016685', 'Chemical') :: ['mitomycin C']

answer: @entity1138 :: (MESH:D016685,Chemical) :: ['mitomycin C']


abstract: @entity4918 content is regarded as one of the most important quality traits of fresh @entity523 ( @entity523 ). However, the complexity of @entity4880 metabolism and storage means that it is difficult to predict the best way to engineer altered @entity4880 levels. Here, we used a biochemical analysis of a @entity523 introgression line with increased levels of fruit @entity1792 and @entity5910 at breaker stage to identify a metabolic engineering target that was subsequently tested in transgenic plants. Increased @entity4880 levels in introgression line 2-5 were not accompanied by changes in the pattern of @entity1735 oxidation by pericarp discs or the catalytic capacity of @entity6626 cycle enzymes measured in isolated mitochondria. However, there was a significant decrease in the maximum catalytic activity of aconitase in total tissue extracts, suggesting that a cytosolic isoform of aconitase was affected. To test the role of cytosolic aconitase in controlling fruit @entity1792 levels, we analyzed fruit of transgenic lines expressing an antisense construct against SlAco3b, one of the two @entity523 genes encoding aconitase. A green fluorescent protein fusion of SlAco3b was dual targeted to cytosol and mitochondria, while the other aconitase, SlAco3a, was exclusively mitochondrial when transiently expressed in @entity286 ( @entity286 ) leaves. Both aconitase transcripts were decreased in fruit from transgenic lines, and aconitase activity was reduced by about 30% in the transgenic lines. Other measured enzymes of @entity4880 metabolism were not significantly altered. Both @entity1792 and @entity5910 levels were increased in ripe fruit of the transgenic plants, and as a consequence, total @entity4880 content was increased by 50% at maturity.

title: Metabolic engineering of @entity523 fruit XXXX content guided by biochemical analysis of an introgression line.

entities_list: @entity286 :: ('4097', 'Species') :: ['Nicotiana tabacum', 'tobacco']

entities_list: @entity4880 :: ('CHEBI:33575', 'Chemical') :: ['carboxylic acid']

entities_list: @entity4918 :: ('CHEBI:64709', 'Chemical') :: ['Organic acid']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity523 :: ('4081', 'Species') :: ['tomato', 'Solanum lycopersicum']

entities_list: @entity6626 :: ('CHEBI:27093', 'Chemical') :: ['tricarboxylic acid']

answer: @entity4918 :: (CHEBI:64709,Chemical) :: ['organic acid']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIM: @entity99 ( @entity359 ) is a rare, hepatic @entity361 . Its preoperative diagnosis is very difficult, and the treatment is still controversial. The aim is to summarize experience in diagnosis and management of @entity99 from a @entity5 center. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the clinical presentation, histopathological, features and treatment of the @entity5 encountered at our institute from January 2000 to December 2012. RESULTS: The @entity1 included six females and two males, with female preponderance. Six @entity1 are asymptomatic. Laboratory tests lack specificity. Combining imaging modality, only one @entity1 obtained the accurate diagnosis of @entity99 and was confirmed by fine-needle aspiration biopsy combined with @entity20203 -45 staining. All other @entity1 received hepatic resection. There was no @entity5 recurrence or increase of @entity5 size within the follow-up period. CONCLUSION: We suggest fine-needle aspiration combined with @entity20203 -45 staining should be performed in all @entity1 who are asymptomatic and without serological abnormalities. Surgical resection might be considered only if the malignant potential of the lesion cannot be ruled out or the @entity5 size is increasing during observation.

title: Is surgery necessary for XXXX with @entity99 ? Retrospective analysis from eight Chinese cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity20203 :: ('MESH:C056244', 'Chemical') :: ['homatropine methylbromide']

entities_list: @entity361 :: ('MESH:C535700', 'Disease') :: ['mesenchymal neoplasm']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic AML', 'Hepatic angiomyolipoma']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: AIM: To explore risk factors for lymph node @entity3 in @entity356 ( @entity356 ) and to confirm the appropriate range of lymph node dissection. METHODS: A total of 202 @entity1 with @entity356 who underwent curative gastrectomy with lymphadenectomy in the Department of Surgery, Xinhua Hospital and Ruijin Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong University Medical School between November 2003 and July 2009, were retrospectively reviewed. Both the surgical procedure and the extent of lymph node dissection were based on the recommendations of the Japanese @entity356 treatment guidelines. The macroscopic type was classified as elevated (type   I   or IIa), flat (IIb), or @entity308 (IIc or III). Histopathologically, @entity4937 were grouped together as differentiated @entity420 , and poorly differentiated and signet-ring cell @entity420 were regarded as undifferentiated @entity420 . Univariate and multivariate analyses of lymph node @entity3 and @entity1 and @entity5 characteristics were undertaken. RESULTS: The lymph node @entity3 rate in @entity1 with @entity356 was 14.4%. Among these, the rate for @entity1697 was 5.4%, and 8.9% for @entity5 . Univariate analysis showed an obvious correlation between lymph node @entity3 and @entity5 location, depth of invasion, morphological classification and @entity3 (  (2) = 122.901, P = 0.001;   (2) = 7.14, P = 0.008;   (2) = 79.523, P = 0.001;   (2) = 8.687, P = 0.003, respectively). In @entity1 with @entity5 , the lymph node @entity3 rate in @entity1 with @entity3 (60%, 3/5) was higher than in those without invasion (20%, 15/75) (  (2) = 4.301, P = 0.038). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the depth of invasion was the only independent risk factor for lymph node @entity3 in @entity356 [P = 0.018, Exp (B) = 2.744]. Among the @entity1 with lymph node @entity3 , 29 cases (14.4%) were at N1, seven cases were at N2 (3.5%), and two cases were at N3 (1.0%). Univariate analysis of variance revealed a close relationship between the depth of invasion and lymph node @entity3 at @entity3121 (P = 0.008). CONCLUSION: The depth of invasion was the only independent risk factor for lymph node @entity3 . Risk factors for @entity3 should be considered when choosing surgery for @entity356 .

title: Prediction of risk factors for lymph node metastasis in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressed']

entities_list: @entity1697 :: ('MESH:D009062', 'Disease') :: ['mucosal cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'submucosal cancers', 'submucosal cancer']

entities_list: @entity4937 :: ('MESH:D000231', 'Disease') :: ['papillary and tubular adenocarcinomas']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases', 'venous invasion']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinomas']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer', 'EGC', 'early gastric cancer']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['early gastric cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim was to determine the clinical characteristics of @entity1 with @entity2023 ( @entity2023 ) and to disclose differences in the treatment of @entity2023 between an adult @entity566 clinic and other clinics over time. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted based on clinical records of 774 out of 955 @entity1 diagnosed with @entity2023 in an adult @entity566 clinic between 1 January 1991 and 31 December 2003. RESULTS: The mean age of the @entity1 was 29.1 +/- 9.29 years and 62.7% were female. The most common major complaints of the @entity1 were nasal symptoms in 82.3%. The mean duration of the disease was 6.76 +/- 6.8 years. The @entity1 were symptomatic with a mean of 3.5 +/- 1.7 months a year, mostly during the period between April and July. Skin prick tests were positive in 685 @entity1 (90.3%), where the most common sensitivity was against timothy grass (85.1%). The most common accompanying @entity56 were @entity56 in 14%, @entity565 in 13.4%, and @entity56 and/or intolerance in 9.6%. Although the use of specific immunotherapy and short-acting sedative antihistamines decreased over time, the use of nasal @entity230 and long-acting nonsedative antihistamines tended to increase before admission to our clinic. Older age (OR: 1.77, 95% CI: 1.06-2.94), presence of @entity402 (OR: 1.72, 95% CI: 1.04-2.85), respiratory symptoms (OR: 2.10, 95% CI: 1.75-2.50), ocular symptoms (OR: 0.77, 95% CI: 0.61-0.98) and @entity566 (OR: 0.25, 95% CI: 0.07-0.89) were associated with the development of @entity565 in @entity1 with @entity2023 . CONCLUSION: @entity2023 lasts approximately 3.5 months and the main cause in Ankara, @entity233 is grass pollen sensitivity. @entity1 with any other @entity56 make up 39.8% of the @entity1 . @entity2023 @entity1 are referred to @entity566 clinics quite late, which might be due to @entity2023 not being considered as a serious disease.

title: XXXX , clinical characteristics and risk factors for @entity565 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity2023 :: ('MESH:D006255', 'Disease') :: ['seasonal rhinitis', 'SR']

entities_list: @entity566 :: ('MESH:D006967', 'Disease') :: ['allergy', 'metal allergy']

entities_list: @entity565 :: ('MESH:D001249', 'Disease') :: ['asthma', 'bronchial asthma']

entities_list: @entity402 :: ('MESH:C564133', 'Disease') :: ['familial atopy']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic diseases', 'allergic conditions', 'drug allergy', 'food hypersensitivity']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

answer: @entity2023 :: (MESH:D006255,Disease) :: ['Seasonal rhinitis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine if @entity281 is linked to @entity2401 and @entity384 . Enteroviruses, especially coxsackieviruses, appear to be the most common agents of @entity2401 . METHODS: We collected 53 endomyocardial biopsies and two autopsy specimens from 41 @entity1 affected by @entity2401 or @entity384 . The @entity1 were diagnosed clinically, hemodynamically, virologically and histologically (Dallas classification). We tested for the presence of enteroviral sequences by PCR, using 5prime prime or minute non-coding (coxsackievirus B3, CB3, map position 450--474, 584--603) derived primers. Specificity was confirmed using the Southern blot. We used a fraction of CB3 acutely infected @entity19 myocardial tissue as a control. RESULTS: We detected enteroviral sequences in four @entity1 with active @entity2401 , borderline @entity2401 or @entity296 . The @entity1 with active @entity2401 had shown neutralizing antibodies in serologic analysis for coxsackievirus B3 and B5. CONCLUSIONS: The data support a weak link of @entity281 to @entity1 @entity2401 and @entity384 , at least when using a PCR assay on biopsies.

title: Detection of XXXX in myocardial tissues by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['dilated cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['enteroviral infection']

entities_list: @entity2401 :: ('MESH:D009205', 'Disease') :: ['viral myocarditis', 'myocarditis']

answer: @entity281 :: (MESH:D007239,Disease) :: ['enteroviral infection']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Constipation is often overlooked in @entity1 with @entity161 . We examined their awareness of @entity1142 and whether they reported it to their psychiatrists. METHOD: Five hundred three inpatients with @entity161 (International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision) were interviewed about their recent bowel movements and evaluated for the diagnostic criteria for functional @entity1142 . If @entity1142 was present, @entity1 were asked if they were aware of it and had reported it to their psychiatrists in charge. Additionally, their global psychopathology and functioning were assessed using the Clinical Global Impression- @entity161 (CGI-SCH) and the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF), respectively. RESULTS: The criteria for @entity1142 were met by 184 @entity1 (36.6%); of these @entity1 , only 56.0% (103/184) were aware of it. Moreover, only 34 of the constipated @entity1 (18.5%) reported its presence to their psychiatrists. No significant differences were found in the CGI-SCH overall severity or subscale scores or in the GAF scores between those @entity1 who reported and those who failed to report @entity1142 . CONCLUSIONS: The present study demonstrated that @entity1142 was neither recognized nor reported to psychiatrists by a significant percentage of the @entity1 . These findings underscore the importance of greater vigilance and active evaluation of @entity1142 in @entity1 with @entity161 for appropriate clinical management.

title: Oversight of XXXX in inpatients with @entity161 : a cross-sectional study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1142 :: ('MESH:D003248', 'Disease') :: ['constipation']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia', 'Schizophrenia']

answer: @entity1142 :: (MESH:D003248,Disease) :: ['constipation']


abstract: @entity470 signaling plays a very important role in NSCLC. It activates Ras/ @entity3963 , @entity26919 and STAT activation pathways. These are the main pathways for cell proliferation and survival. We have developed two mathematical models to relate to the different @entity470 signaling in NSCLC and normal cells in the presence or absence of @entity470 and @entity983 mutations. The dynamics of downstream signaling pathways vary in the disease state and activation of some factors can be indicative of drug resistance. Our simulation denotes the effect of @entity470 mutations and increased expression of certain factors in NSCLC @entity470 signaling on each of the three pathways where levels of @entity7952 , pSTAT and pAkt are increased. Over activation of @entity3963 , @entity584 and @entity4104 which are the main cell proliferation and survival factors act as promoting factors for @entity5 progression in NSCLC. In case of loss of @entity983 , @entity584 activity level is considerably increased. Our simulation results show that in the presence of @entity3866 , downstream factors i.e. pAkt, pSTAT3 and @entity7952 are inhibited. However, in case of loss of @entity983 expression in the presence of @entity3866 , pAkt level would not decrease which demonstrates that these cells are resistant to @entity3866 .

title: Modeling of @entity5 progression in NSCLC and intrinsic resistance to TKI in loss of XXXX expression.

entities_list: @entity3866 :: ('MESH:C400278', 'Chemical') :: ['erlotinib']

answer: @entity983 :: (5728,Gene) :: ['PTEN']


abstract: The expansionable @entity1 @entity157 cell lines have potential for use in a bio-artificial liver (BAL) system for @entity409 due to the shortage of donation. However, at present, bioartificial livers are incomplete and the functions need to be improved or at least maintained for a longer period. In the present study, the authors aimed to establish a novel @entity157 cell line for a longer-term or permanent artificial liver. For this purpose, @entity588 , an anti-apoptosis gene, was introduced into @entity157 HepG2 cells. Over-expression of @entity588 significantly inhibited apoptosis. After 15 d of serum-deprived culture, the viability of HepG2- @entity588 was 51% while that of mock transfectant (HepG2-mock) was decreased to 14%. In the presence of @entity14286 , HepG2-mock were dead by day 6, while the HepG2- @entity588 viability at day 9 was 65%. Over-expression of @entity588 prolonged the period of the stationary phase in the growth curve and did not affect the growth rate during the exponential phase. To test the liver function, albumin production was measured. After 10 d of culture, the albumin concentration in the culture supernatant of HepG2- @entity588 was 30 ng ml(-1), while that of HepG2-mock was 23 ng ml(-1). The cytochrome P-450 activity per culture of @entity5954 -treated HepG2- @entity588 was double that of treated HepG2-mock. Introduction of @entity588 was effective for the generation of a novel @entity157 cell line for artificial livers.

title: Generation of a novel apoptosis-resistant XXXX cell line.

entities_list: @entity5954 :: ('MESH:D008748', 'Chemical') :: ['3-methyl-cholanthrene']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver disease']

entities_list: @entity14286 :: ('MESH:D006921', 'Chemical') :: ['hygromycin B']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['hepatoma']

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['hepatoma']


abstract: AIM OF THE STUDY: The purposes of this retrospective study were to identify survival rates for @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and analyze treatment outcomes and influencing factors on survival. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted data from @entity1 diagnosed with LD. @entity4153 between January 1998 and December 2012 at our institution. Dermographic information, treatment modalities, pretreatment clinical asessment, were recorded. Most of the @entity1 . (88.4%) were treated with curative intent. The survival probabilties were asessed by Kaplan.Meier analysis. Cox regression was used to assess prognostic factors on overall survival and disease.free survival. RESULTS: A total of 129 @entity1 were examined as a @entity5 . The median age was 60 (range; 31-86). Median follow-up time was 9.4 (SE    20.5) months and the median overall survival was 13.9 months [95% cumulative incidence (CI): 10.1-17.6]. On multivariate analysis, concurrent chemotherapy [HZ: 2.7 (95% CI: (1.0-7.2)] (P = 0.037) and doses of radiation therapy (<50, >= 50) [HZ: 1.4 (95% CI: (1.0-2.2)] (P = 0.046) were statistically significant on overall survival. With regard to multivariate anlaysis age (<60, >= 60) [HZ: 2.2 (95% CI: (0.6-3.7)] (P = 0.011), doses of radiation therapy (<50, >= 50) [HZ: 2.7 (95% CI: (1.0-7.2)] (P = 0.046), precense of surgery [HZ: 15.3 (95% CI: (1.5-152)] (P = 0.020), prophilactic cranial radiation therapy (PCI) [HZ: 2.3 (95% CI: (1.1-4.5)] (P = 0.014), and presence of concurrent chemoradiotherapy [HZ: 3.0 (95% CI: (1.3-6.8)] (P = 0.008) were important variable affecting disease-free survival. CONCLUSION: For @entity5 @entity1 concurrent chemoradiation therapy and 50. Gy and over doses radiation therapy provided improvement on overall and disease.free survival.

title: Survival and prognostic factors in XXXX : A retrospective study from northeast Turkey.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['limited stage small cell lung cancer', 'LD-SCLC']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['limited stage small cell lung cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The genetic determinants of sporadic @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ) are largely unknown. Previous studies have suggested associations between @entity6910 blood group and risk of various @entity5 . However, its relationship to @entity1358 remains unclear and no prospective data are available. METHODS: We prospectively followed up 77,242 @entity1 in the Nurses' Health Study and 30,071 @entity1 in the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study from 1996 to 2008. The information on the @entity6910 was collected from @entity1 ' self-reports in 1996. Incidence of pathology-confirmed @entity1358 was compared using hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) derived from Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS: During 12 years of follow-up, 163 cases of incident @entity1358 were documented in @entity1 and 88 cases in @entity1 . The multivariate HRs between non-O blood group (combined group of A, AB, and B) vs. blood group O were 1.51 (95% CI 1.09-2.09) in @entity1 , 1.08 (95% CI 0.70-1.66) in @entity1 , and 1.32 (95% CI 0.95-1.82) in the pooled cohorts. The associations between @entity6910 and @entity1358 were consistent across strata of known risk factors for @entity1358 including age, @entity28 , smoking, and history of @entity101 (Pinteraction >=  0.32). CONCLUSIONS: We found a suggestive non-significant association between non-O blood group and increased risk of @entity1358 in the pooled cohorts of @entity1 and @entity1 , and this association was significant in @entity1 . Our findings need to be replicated by other prospective studies.

title: @entity6910 and risk of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'men']

entities_list: @entity6910 :: ('28', 'Gene') :: ['ABO blood group', 'ABO']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['renal cell cancer', 'RCC']

answer: @entity1358 :: (MESH:D002292,Disease) :: ['renal cell cancer']


abstract: @entity2383 is associated with @entity65 ; however, data on a possible association with @entity8 are scarce. Here, we aimed at investigating whether 1) @entity8 is related to @entity2383 ; and 2) ANG II blockade, compared with @entity141 channel blockade, can reverse potential mitochondrial changes in @entity101 . Eight-week-old male spontaneously @entity101 @entity35 (SHR) received water containing @entity9886 (40 mg.kg-1.day-1, SHR+Los), @entity3591 (3 mg.kg-1.day-1, SHR+Amlo), or no additions (SHR) for 6 mo. @entity35 -Kyoto @entity35 (WKY) were normotensive controls. Glomerular and @entity16 , systolic blood pressure, and @entity644 were higher, and @entity1011 clearance was lower in SHR vs. SHR+Los and WKY. In SHR+Amlo, blood pressure was similar to WKY, kidney function was similar to SHR, and @entity8 were lower than in SHR, but higher than in SHR+Los. In kidney mitochondria from SHR and SHR+Amlo, membrane potential, @entity842 synthase, @entity921 - @entity224 dismutase and cytochrome oxidase activities, and uncoupling protein-2 content were lower than in SHR+Los and WKY. In SHR and SHR+Amlo, mitochondrial @entity274 production was higher than in SHR+Los and WKY. Renal @entity2041 content was lower in SHR+Amlo relative to SHR, SHR+Los, and WKY. In SHR and SHR+Amlo, @entity2041 was relatively more oxidized than in SHR+Los and WKY. Tubulointerstitial @entity1918 labeling was inversely related to @entity921 - @entity224 dismutase activity and uncoupling protein-2 content. These findings suggest that oxidant stress is associated with @entity8 in SHR. The mitochondrial-antioxidant actions of @entity9886 may be an additional or alternative way to explain some of the beneficial effects of AT1-receptor antagonists.

title: Renal XXXX in spontaneously @entity101 @entity35 is attenuated by @entity9886 but not by @entity3591 .

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['kidney impairment', 'renal lesions', 'kidney damage', 'renal mitochondrial dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity921 :: ('MESH:D008345', 'Chemical') :: ['manganese']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['tubulointerstitial damage']

entities_list: @entity2041 :: ('MESH:D005978', 'Chemical') :: ['glutathione']

entities_list: @entity1918 :: ('25365(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['alpha-smooth muscle actin']

entities_list: @entity9886 :: ('MESH:D019808', 'Chemical') :: ['losartan']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity3591 :: ('MESH:D017311', 'Chemical') :: ['amlodipine']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular damage']

entities_list: @entity2383 :: ('MESH:D028361', 'Disease') :: ['Mitochondrial dysfunction', 'mitochondrial dysfunction']

answer: @entity2383 :: (MESH:D028361,Disease) :: ['mitochondrial dysfunction']


abstract: @entity1499 ( @entity1500 ) has been used in combination with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the treatment of @entity32 as well as @entity5 . Severe adverse effects with this combination may occur, usually resulting from inhibition of renal transporters. Solid Ehrlich @entity189 was experimentally induced by implantation of Ehrlich ascites @entity189 cells subcutaneously into the thigh of @entity19 , and after 30 days, @entity19 were divided into three groups: Group I that served as control group received @entity1500 (50 mg/kg, i.p.); Group II received @entity7988 (100 mg/kg, i.p.) and then after half an hour received @entity1500 (50 mg/kg, i.p.); Group III received @entity3352 (10 mg/kg, i.p.) and then after half an hour received @entity1500 (50 mg/kg, i.p.). Plasma and tissue samples were collected at different time points and then @entity1500 concentrations were determined by HPLC. The injection of @entity7988 or @entity3352 before @entity1500 injection resulted in significant increase in the AUC and CPmax of @entity1500 (p < 0.05) and significant decrease in CL/F and Vd/F of @entity1500 (p < 0.05) in @entity19 plasma. The effects were more significant after injection of @entity3352 than in case of @entity7988 . The study showed that administration of @entity7988 or @entity3352 prior to @entity1500 caused significant decrease in @entity1500 elimination and significant increase in @entity1500 extent of absorption which may lead to severe adverse effects if coadministered in @entity1 .

title: Effect of XXXX and @entity3352 on @entity1499 pharmacokinetics in @entity19 plasma and @entity5 tissues.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory diseases']

entities_list: @entity7988 :: ('MESH:D007660', 'Chemical') :: ['ketoprofen']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancies']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['Carcinoma', 'carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3352 :: ('MESH:D007213', 'Chemical') :: ['indomethacin']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['Methotrexate']

answer: @entity7988 :: (MESH:D007660,Chemical) :: ['ketoprofen']


abstract: To target oncolytic measles viruses (MV) to @entity5 , we exploit the binding specificity of designed ankyrin repeat proteins (DARPins). These DARPin-MVs have high @entity5 selectivity while maintaining excellent oncolytic potency. Stability, small size, and efficacy of DARPins allowed the generation of MVs simultaneously targeted to @entity5 marker @entity1722 /neu and @entity5 stem cell (CSC) marker @entity5960 . For optimization, the linker connecting both DARPins was varied in flexibility and length. Flexibility had no impact on fusion helper activity whereas length had. MVs with bispecific MV-H are genetically stable and revealed the desired double-target specificity. In vitro, the cytolytic activity of bispecific MVs was superior or comparable to mono-targeted viruses depending on the target cells. In vivo, therapeutic efficacy of the bispecific viruses was validated in an orthotopic @entity43 model revealing an effective reduction of @entity5 mass. Finally, the power of bispecific targeting was demonstrated on cocultures of different @entity5 cells thereby mimicking @entity5 heterogeneity in vitro, more closely reflecting real @entity5 . Here, bispecific excelled monospecific viruses in efficacy. DARPin-based targeting domains thus allow the generation of efficacious oncolytic viruses with double specificity, with the potential to handle intratumoral variation of antigen expression and to simultaneously target CSCs and the bulk @entity5 mass.

title: Enhanced lysis by bispecific oncolytic measles viruses simultaneously using @entity1722 or XXXX as target receptors.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian carcinoma']

answer: @entity5960 :: (4072,Gene) :: ['EpCAM']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1050 is a rare @entity74 , characterized by @entity4651 , @entity362 , and @entity2695 . Inheritance is by autosomal dominant transmission with few reported sporadic cases. Male predominance is also reported. METHODS: We describe a @entity1 who presented with multiple @entity362 , mild @entity4651 , and an extradural @entity4681 . Other affected family members and 24 other previously reported cases are discussed. RESULTS: @entity4681 have not been described previously with this syndrome. The @entity1 also had a " @entity3478 " removed from his humerus 20 years ago. Two of the @entity1 's siblings also had @entity706 , which is an unusual accompaniment not reported previously. Only the male members in the family showed multiple @entity362 . CONCLUSION: Some @entity1 with @entity1050 may have @entity75 producing cord compression or @entity1779 , or they may rarely have other @entity5 ; therefore it is important that neurosurgeons are aware of the entity. The early diagnosis of @entity1050 is also important for genetic counseling.

title: @entity1050 : a rare @entity74 with @entity362 and XXXX : a case report and review of literature.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity2695 :: ('MESH:D006391', 'Disease') :: ['hemangiomas']

entities_list: @entity362 :: ('MESH:D008067', 'Disease') :: ['multiple lipomas', 'subcutaneous lipomas']

entities_list: @entity3478 :: ('MESH:D001859', 'Disease') :: ['malignant bone tumor']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['hamartomatous lesions']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant tumors']

entities_list: @entity1050 :: ('MESH:D006223', 'Disease') :: ['Bannayan-Zonana syndrome', 'BZS']

entities_list: @entity4681 :: ('MESH:D016472', 'Disease') :: ['spinal hemangioma', 'Spinal hemangiomas']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['hamartomatous disorder']

entities_list: @entity4651 :: ('MESH:D058627', 'Disease') :: ['macrocephaly']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['intracerebral hemorrhage']

answer: @entity2695 :: (MESH:D006391,Disease) :: ['hemangiomas']


abstract: Gastric @entity1074 ( @entity1074 ) @entity706 is the paradigm of @entity706 developing in extranodal areas after antigen stimulation. In the stomach, @entity1534 colonization induces the appearance of @entity1074 and, eventually, @entity1074 -derived @entity706 . This type of @entity706 is initially a localized form of disease, but may disseminate and transform into @entity1893 , making full staging (as for @entity706 ) and endoscopic ultrasonography to evaluate the penetration of the @entity706 through the gastric wall mandatory. In localized gastric @entity1074 , the first step in treatment is eradication of @entity1534 , which results in 60-90% regression. This response is maintained for years in most @entity1 , with only 10-15% relapse, frequently precipitated by @entity1534 reinfection. A component of @entity1893 , penetration to gastric serosa or beyond and translocation t(11;18) are the main factors that @entity706 resistant to eradication. Surgery or radiotherapy can cure @entity706 in 75-90% of @entity1 . Chemotherapy with alkylating agents, combination chemotherapy and @entity10043 analogs, and anti-CD20 antibodies can also induce remission of @entity706 refractory to eradication, as well as locally advanced and disseminated @entity706 . The optimum chemotherapy treatment for advanced disease has not yet been established; however, combination therapy, including @entity10043 analogs with or without anti-CD20, may be a promising option. Despite histological responses and prolonged remissions, residual molecular disease can be demonstrated in most cases treated with @entity1534 eradication, radiotherapy or alkylating agents, and even after more intense chemotherapy, although this does not seem to lead to late relapses. High-grade gastric @entity1074 should be treated with chemotherapy, with @entity786 , @entity632 , @entity1891 and @entity229 being the best first-line option. All gastric @entity1074 associated with @entity1534 should receive eradication treatment in addition to other required treatment.

title: Treatment of gastric @entity1074 lymphoma: XXXX eradication and beyond.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['localized lymphomas', 'lymphoma', 'nodal lymphomas', 'make lymphoma', 'lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity1074 :: ('MESH:D018442', 'Disease') :: ['MALT lymphoma', 'MALT', 'MALT lymphomas', 'mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity1534 :: ('210', 'Species') :: ['H. pylori', 'Helicobacter pylori']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ['high-grade lymphoma']

answer: @entity1534 :: (210,Species) :: ['Helicobacter pylori']


abstract: We reported two siblings with @entity8431 of adult and juvenile onset. @entity1 1, a 24-year-old female had been unremarkable until 23 years, when she began to develop loss of spontaneity, @entity2845 and gait disturbance. Nine months later, she became unable to walk and mentally deteriorated. Neurological examination disclosed @entity303 , frontal signs and @entity427 . @entity1 2, a 22-year-old male, brother of @entity1 1, whose fetal development and birth were uneventful, developed @entity425 at 12 years old, had difficulty in walking and writing at 13, @entity1032 at 16 and became bedridden and presented with @entity410 at 19. Neurological examination at 24 revealed @entity303 , frontal signs, @entity427 and @entity2055 . In both @entity1 computed tomography scans displayed low density in the cerebral white matter, and the nerve conduction velocities were decreased. @entity22177 activities in urine (33% of normal) and leukocytes (8% of normal) were markedly reduced. Molecular genetic analysis identified the mutation @entity35016 (allele 426) as has been reported in adult type @entity8431 in Germany. As far as we know, only one sibling with adult type or juvenile type @entity8431 has been reported in Japan. This is the first report of siblings with @entity35016 mutation in Japan.

title: [Two siblings with XXXX of adult and juvenile onset].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['mental deterioration']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['tonic-clonic seizures']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['muscle weakness']

entities_list: @entity2845 :: ('MESH:D018476', 'Disease') :: ['bradykinesia']

entities_list: @entity22177 :: ('410', 'Gene') :: ['Arylsulfatase A']

entities_list: @entity8431 :: ('MESH:D007966', 'Disease') :: ['metachromatic leukodystrophy']

entities_list: @entity427 :: ('MESH:D012021', 'Disease') :: ['hyperreflexia']

answer: @entity8431 :: (MESH:D007966,Disease) :: ['metachromatic leukodystrophy']


abstract: A 65-year-old female was admitted to our hospital because of @entity1353 . Laboratory examinations revealed @entity1712 at a local hospital. Transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography showed normal left ventricular dimension and function. The left ventricular apex was obliterated and the posterior and lateral walls were thickened by an abnormal mass. The posterior mitral leaflet was encapsulated by this abnormal mass. The limited motion of the posterior mitral leaflet caused @entity339 , resulting in severe @entity339 . @entity1712 was considered to be idiopathic, as no other disorders known to cause secondary @entity1712 were found. No other organ dysfunction was associated with the condition. Thus, the diagnosis was @entity5441 associated with @entity5441 . The @entity1 was given conservative medical treatment immediately on admission. However, @entity712 caused by @entity339 would be difficult to treat with conservative medical treatment, so we chose a surgical strategy. The symptoms obviously improved after valve replacement and removal of the abnormal mass, and the @entity1 was discharged. However, she died of @entity385 at a local hospital 3 months later.

title: Surgical treatment for XXXX with left ventricular thrombus and severe @entity339 : a case report.

entities_list: @entity1712 :: ('MESH:D004802', 'Disease') :: ['Hypereosinophilia', 'eosinophilia', 'hypereosinophilia']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity339 :: ('MESH:D008944', 'Disease') :: ['mitral regurgitation', 'mitral malcoaptation']

entities_list: @entity5441 :: ('MESH:D017681', 'Disease') :: ["Loffler's endocarditis", 'hypereosinophilic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral infarction']

answer: @entity5441 :: (MESH:D017681,Disease) :: ['L  ffler's endocarditis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity579 blast is one of the most damaging diseases of @entity579 worldwide. In the present study, we analyzed DNA sequence variation of avirulence genes of AVR-Pita1 in field isolates of @entity8812 in order to understand the effectiveness of the resistance gene Pi-ta in China. Genomic DNA of 366 isolates of @entity8812 collected from Yunnan province of China were used for PCR amplification to examine the existence of AVR-Pita1 using gene specific PCR markers. Results of PCR products revealed that 218 isolates of @entity8812 carry AVR-Pita1. Among of them, 62.5%, 56.3%, 58.5%, 46.7%, 72.4%, and 57.4% of @entity8812 carry AVR-Pita1 from northeastern, southeast, western, northwest, southwestern, and central of Yunnan province, respectively. The detection rate of AVR-Pita1 was in order as: southwest>northeast>western>central>southeast>northwest of Yunnan province. Moreover, a total of 18 AVR-Pita1 haplotypes encoding 13 novel AVR-Pita1 variants were identified among 60 isolates. Most DNA sequence variation was found to occur in the exon region resulting in @entity3689 substitution. Six virulent haplotypes of AVR-Pita1 to Pita were identified among 60 field isolates. The AVR-Pita1 has evolved to virulence from avirulent origins via base substitution. These findings demonstrate that AVR-Pita1 is under positive selection and mutations of AVR-Pita1 are responsible for defeating race-specific resistance in nature.

title: Effectiveness and durability of the XXXX Pi-ta gene in Yunnan province of China.

answer: @entity579 :: (4530,Species) :: ['rice']


abstract: PURPOSE: To provide an initial assessment of the safety of a recombinant adeno-associated virus vector expressing RPE65 (rAAV2-CB-hRPE65) in adults and @entity1 with @entity2000 caused by RPE65 mutations. DESIGN: Nonrandomized, multicenter clinical trial. @entity1 : Eight adults and 4 @entity1 , 6 to 39 years of age, with @entity26000 ( @entity26000 ) or @entity2000 ( @entity2000 ). METHODS: @entity1 received a subretinal injection of rAAV2-CB-hRPE65 in the poorer-seeing eye, at either of 2 dose levels, and were followed up for 2 years after treatment. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary safety measures were ocular and nonocular adverse events. Exploratory efficacy measures included changes in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), static perimetry central 30   @entity227 (V30) and total @entity227 (VTOT), kinetic perimetry visual field area, and responses to a quality-of-life questionnaire. RESULTS: All @entity1 tolerated subretinal injections and there were no treatment-related serious adverse events. Common adverse events were those associated with the surgical procedure and included @entity548 in 8 @entity1 and @entity2194 in 5 @entity1 . In the treated eye, BCVA increased in 5 @entity1 , V30 increased in 6 @entity1 , VTOT increased in 5 @entity1 , and kinetic visual field area improved in 3 @entity1 . One subject showed a decrease in BCVA and 2 @entity1 showed a decrease in kinetic visual field area. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment with rAAV2-CB-hRPE65 was not associated with serious adverse events, and improvement in 1 or more measures of visual function was observed in 9 of 12 @entity1 . The greatest improvements in visual acuity were observed in younger @entity1 with better baseline visual acuity. Evaluation of more @entity1 and a longer duration of follow-up will be needed to determine the rate of uncommon or rare side effects or safety concerns.

title: Results at 2 Years after Gene Therapy for RPE65-Deficient XXXX and Severe Early-Childhood-Onset Retinal Dystrophy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity2000 :: ('MESH:D012162', 'Disease') :: ['SECORD', 'severe early-childhood-onset retinal degeneration', 'retinal degeneration']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual field hill of vision']

entities_list: @entity2194 :: ('MESH:D005128', 'Disease') :: ['ocular hyperemia']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['subconjunctival hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity26000 :: ('MESH:D057130', 'Disease') :: ['Leber congenital amaurosis', 'LCA']

answer: @entity26000 :: (MESH:D057130,Disease) :: ['Leber Congenital Amaurosis']


abstract: We investigated the frequency of the 5/5 homozygous @entity14448 (carnosinase) genotype, which was found to be associated with a reduced risk of developing @entity2316 , in three ethnic groups in The Netherlands. Particularly interesting were the South Asian Surinamese, who have a high prevalence of @entity2316 . Furthermore, we investigated the association between this gene and carnosinase activity in South Asian Surinamese and whether carnosinase was expressed in the kidney. We genotyped 290 South Asian Surinamese, 532 African Surinamese, and 472 White Dutch in a cross-sectional population study. Furthermore, an independent cohort of South Asian Surinamese was genotyped. In this population, carnosinase activity was measured in serum. Immunostaining and in situ hybridization for @entity14448 were performed on kidney tissue. Both South Asian populations had lower frequencies of the 5/5 homozygous genotype than African Surinamese and White Dutch (23.0%, 27.2%, 38.2%, and 41.3%, respectively; chi-square, p<0.001). This genotype showed a lower carnosinase activity in South Asian Surinamese (Wilcoxon rank-sum, p=0.03). @entity14448 was expressed in the kidney. South Asian Surinamese have a lower frequency of the 5/5 homozygous genotype, which was associated with lower carnosinase activity. Our study provides an indication that South Asian Surinamese are genetically at risk for developing @entity2316 .

title: Lower frequency of the 5/5 homozygous XXXX genotype in South Asian Surinamese.

entities_list: @entity2316 :: ('MESH:D003928', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic nephropathy']

answer: @entity14448 :: (84735,Gene) :: ['CNDP1']


abstract: Heavy metal pollution, as well as greenhouse effect, has become a serious threat today. Both heavy metal and heat stresses can arrest seed germination. What response can be expected for seed germination under both stress conditions? Here, the effects of heavy metals ( @entity8863 , @entity3280 and @entity10694 ) on @entity2829 seed germination were investigated at 20    C and 40    C. Compared with 20    C, heat stress induced thermodormancy. However, this thermodormancy could be significantly alleviated by the addition of a low concentration of heavy metals. Heavy metals, as well as heat stress induced @entity5568 accumulation in germinating seeds. Interestingly, this low concentration of heavy metal that promoted seed germination could be partly blocked by @entity14455 (a specific ROS scavenger), irrespective of temperature. Accordingly, @entity5568 addition reinforced this promoting effect on seed germination, which was induced by a low concentration of heavy metal. Furthermore, we found that the @entity1110 oxidase derived ROS was required for seed germination promoted by the heavy metals. Subsequently, treatment of seeds with @entity28253 (a specific inhibitor of ABA) or @entity2272 significantly alleviated or aggravated thermodormancy, respectively. However, this alleviation or aggravation could be partly attenuated by a low concentration of heavy metals. In addition, germination that was inhibited by high concentrations of heavy metals was also partly reversed by @entity28253 . The obtained results support the idea that heavy metal-mediated ROS and hormone interaction can finally affect the thermodormancy release or not.

title: Can heavy metal pollution defend seed germination against heat stress? Effect of heavy metals ( @entity8863 , @entity3280 and XXXX ) on @entity2829 seed germination under high temperature.

entities_list: @entity28253 :: ('MESH:C013351', 'Chemical') :: ['fluridone']

answer: @entity10694 :: (CHEBI:25198,Chemical) :: ['Hg(2+)']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Sports-related @entity542 is common but still there is no established laboratory test used in the diagnostics of minimal or mild @entity131 . Further the effects of recurrent @entity542 on @entity1545 markers are unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between Olympic (amateur) boxing and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) @entity1545 biomarkers. METHODS: The study was designed as a prospective cohort study. Thirty Olympic boxers with a minimum of 45 bouts and 25 non-boxing matched controls were included in the study. CSF samples were collected by lumbar puncture 1-6 days after a bout and after a rest period for at least 14 days. The controls were tested once. Biomarkers for @entity131 were analysed. RESULTS: @entity20698 (mean    SD, 532  553 vs 135  51 ng/L p=0.001), @entity538 (496  238 vs 247  147 ng/L p<0.001), T-tau (58  26 vs 49  21 ng/L p<0.025) and @entity4483 (0.76  0.29 vs 0.60  0.23 ng/L p=0.03) concentrations were significantly increased after boxing compared to controls. @entity20698 (402  434 ng/L p=0.004) and @entity538 (369  113 ng/L p=0.001) concentrations remained elevated after the rest period. CONCLUSION: Increased CSF levels of T-tau, @entity20698 , @entity538 , and @entity4483 in >80% of the boxers demonstrate that both the acute and the cumulative effect of @entity542 in Olympic boxing may induce CSF biomarker changes that suggest minor central nervous injuries. The lack of normalization of @entity20698 and @entity538 after the rest period in a subgroup of boxers may indicate @entity528 . The recurrent @entity542 in boxing may be associated with increased risk of chronic @entity131 .

title: CSF-biomarkers in Olympic boxing: diagnosis and effects of repetitive XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1545 :: ('MESH:D020214', 'Disease') :: ['brain injury']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['acute and chronic brain injury', 'traumatic brain injury', 'traumatic brain injuries']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['head trauma']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['ongoing degeneration']

answer: @entity542 :: (MESH:D006259,Disease) :: ['head trauma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity16 ( @entity16 ) are minor @entity16 , including motor, sensory, and @entity409 . @entity161 and other @entity146 are associated with a higher prevalence of @entity16 . However, the relationships between @entity16 and @entity161 , @entity162 , and @entity308 are unclear. The present study aimed to examine the specificity of @entity16 among these three clinical groups. METHOD: A total of 120 demographically matched @entity1 (30 each in @entity161 , @entity162 , @entity308 , and healthy controls) were recruited for the study. @entity16 subscales of the Cambridge Neurological Inventory (CNI) were administered to each @entity1 . RESULTS: Significant differences were found in the total score of @entity16 (p<0.01), and the subscale scores for motor coordination (p<0.01), sensory integration (p=0.01) and disinhibition (p<0.01). Both @entity1 with @entity161 and @entity162 showed more total @entity16 signs than healthy controls (p<0.01). @entity1 with @entity161 also showed more total @entity16 signs than @entity1 with @entity308 (p=0.02). Both @entity1 with @entity161 and @entity1 with @entity162 showed more motor coordination signs than healthy controls and @entity1 with @entity308 (p<0.05). Moreover, compared with healthy controls, @entity1 with @entity161 showed @entity4943 signs (p<0.01), while @entity1 with @entity162 showed more sensory integration signs (p<0.01). Discriminant analysis showed 77.5% of correct classification of @entity1 with @entity161 and @entity162 from @entity1 with @entity308 and healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS: @entity16 are not unique to @entity161 , but are also found in @entity162 , while @entity1 with @entity308 are comparable to normal controls. Our results suggest that @entity16 , especially motor-coordination signs, can differentiate @entity161 from @entity308 but not @entity162 . Our results may provide further evidence to support the similarity between @entity161 and @entity162 from the dimension of behavioral expression.

title: @entity16 discriminate @entity161 from @entity308 but not XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Patients', 'patients', 'participant']

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['bipolar disorder']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['major depression']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['neuropsychiatric disorders']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['Neurological soft signs', 'neurological abnormalities', 'NSS']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['inhibitory dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia', 'Schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity4943 :: ('MESH:D057180', 'Disease') :: ['more disinhibition']

answer: @entity162 :: (MESH:D001714,Disease) :: ['bipolar disorder']


abstract: @entity3852 ( @entity3852 ) is a rare @entity5 , mostly affecting the skin (97% of cases). It is usually found in elderly @entity1 , in the sun-exposed areas of the skin. About 50-60% of @entity3852 cases are located on the head and the neck, less often on the extremities and the torso, and extremely rarely in the genital area. Ultraviolet radiation may be the main factor responsible for the development of the @entity5 but viral etiology is also debated. Due to extremely rare incidence of @entity3852 in the area of the vulva, proper management remains a challenging task. AIM: To present a case of an aggressive @entity3852 and a review of the literature. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A previously healthy 72-year-old @entity1 presented at the Oncology Center of the Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute, Warsaw, in June 2010. Four months previously the @entity1 noticed a painless lump in the vestibular region of the vagina. She received anti-inflammatory treatment at her local gynecological clinic, with no success. In February the @entity1 underwent removal of the @entity5 Histopathological examination confirmed @entity189 . Microscopic evaluation revealed the @entity5 diameter to be 15mm. Surgical margins were free of @entity5 . The @entity1 did not receive adjuvant therapy due to the results from the histopathological protocol. The disease recurred after three months. Radical vulvectomy and bilateral inguinal femoral lymphadenectomy were performed in May 2010. Histopathological examination confirmed microcellular @entity189 with no metastases to the lymph nodes and complete resection of the @entity5 (RO). The disease recurred in the next two months: a 50-mm @entity5 was found in the right inguinal lymph nodes. The decision to verify all histopathological material obtained during all procedures performed so far was made. Immunohistochemical evaluation confirmed @entity3852 . Adjuvant radiotherapy was recommended. The area of the vulva, pelvic and inguinal lymph nodes were irradiated. One month after therapy completion the @entity1 complained of @entity158 in the lumbar area. An ultrasound examination of the abdomen revealed a @entity5 (9 cm in diameter) in the para-aortic region but it was not histopathologically verified due to extremely poor overall condition of the @entity1 . As the condition of the @entity1 deteriorated systematically the @entity1 was referred to a hospice facility where she died 9 months since the primary diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3852 is a rare @entity5 with an aggressive course. Clinical and histopathological diagnostic difficulties and consequently lack of standardized management, result in low survival rates.

title: [Merkel cell XXXX - case report and the literature review].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient', 'people']

entities_list: @entity3852 :: ('MESH:D015266', 'Disease') :: ['MCC of the vulva', 'Merkel cell carcinoma', 'MCC']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'vulvar tumor', 'neoplasm', 'neoplastic infiltration', 'malignant neoplasm', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma', 'anaplastic carcinoma']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['carcinoma of the vulva']


abstract: AIM: To assess the activation of platelets and their phagocytic activity in the course of @entity356 . METHODS: Forty-three @entity356 @entity1 were recruited to the study. The @entity1 were divided into 3 groups depending on @entity5 stage. Group E included 6 @entity1 with early @entity356 ; group A 18 @entity1 with locally advanced @entity5 ; and group M-19 with @entity5 . The investigations were performed twice, prior to surgery and 12-14 d afterwards. RESULTS: The platelet count and the level of soluble platelet selectin (sP-selectin) were found to increase with the disease progression. The level of sP-selectin was lowest in early @entity5 and was observed to increase after surgery in all the study @entity1 . Irrespective of @entity5 stage, a statistically significant decrease was noted in the percentage of phagocytizing platelets and in the phagocytic index in @entity356 @entity1 as compared to healthy subjects. Despite @entity1423 and stimulation of thrombocytopoiesis, the phagocytic functions of blood platelets were markedly impaired. @entity5 development seems to impair metabolic processes. CONCLUSION: A decreasing phagocytic activity can promote both inflammatory processes and @entity5 growth.

title: Assessment of platelet activation and phagocytic activity in @entity356 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'Tumor', 'metastatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer']

entities_list: @entity1423 :: ('MESH:D001791', 'Disease') :: ['increased platelet count']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: The difficulties faced in the reconstruction of the nasal @entity154 are still continuing because of their unique anatomy, free margin, and triple-layered complex structure. In this study, we would like to present the results of the cartilage-supported nonfolded nasolabial flap reconstruction method that we applied to full-thickness @entity154 involving the alar rim. Between March 2009 and October 2011, 5 @entity1 with full-thickness @entity154 underwent cartilage graft-supported nasolabial flap reconstructions. Three of the @entity1 were @entity1 , whereas 2 @entity1 were @entity1 . Their median age was 54.2 years (range, 43-62 y). The defects were caused by either @entity5 excision or @entity130 . According to the method we applied, cartilage grafts were placed into the pouches formed between the skin and the adipose tissue to provide cartilaginous support to the nasolabial flaps to be adapted to the defect areas. The deep surfaces that were going to form the nasal mucosa were grafted using postauricular full-thickness skin grafts. @entity1 were followed up for a median period of 7.3 months (range, 3-21 mo). In all @entity1 , the flaps fully fitted the defect areas and provided enough coverage over the defects. Although minimal graft contractions were observed in the later phase because of the cartilage support placed within the pouches formed in the flaps, no nasal airway constrictions were observed.The technique we applied is a simple and reliable method providing adequate framework support, full color and texture harmony, an open nasal passage, and a single-session reconstruction in most cases.

title: Reconstruction of full-thickness nasal XXXX using cartilage-supported nonfolded nasolabial flaps.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['alar defects']

answer: @entity154 :: (MESH:D000013,Disease) :: ['alar defects']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The polymorphism @entity21086 in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-y2 gene ( @entity6864 ) has been reported to be associated with @entity2316 ( @entity2316 ) in some studies, though the results remain inconclusive. To explore this relationship between @entity6864 @entity21086 polymorphism and the susceptibility for @entity2316 , a cumulative meta-analysis was performed in this study. METHOD: PubMed, Medline, Embase and Web of Science databases have been systematically searched to identify relevant studies. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. RESULTS: 18 studies were included in this meta-analysis, involving 3,361 cases and 5,815 controls. The @entity6864 Ala12 allele was significantly associated with decreased risk of @entity2316 based on dominant model (OR=0.778; 95%CI=0.618-0.981; Pheterogeneity=0.008; P=0.034). In the stratified analysis by ethnicity, significantly decreased risks were found among Caucasians for dominant model (OR=0.674; 95%CI=0.500-0.909; Pheterogeneity=0.079; P=0.010), while there was no significant association was found in Asians. CONCLUSIONS: The results from the present meta-analysis indicated that the @entity21086 polymorphism in @entity6864 gene is not a risk factor for @entity2316 in @entity2175 ( @entity2175 ). Further large and well-designed studies are needed to confirm this conclusion. VIRTUAL SLIDES: The virtual slides for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/7491348341027320.

title: The association between the @entity6864 XXXX polymorphism and nephropathy susceptibility in @entity2175 : a meta-analysis based on 9,176 subjects.

entities_list: @entity2316 :: ('MESH:D003928', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic nephropathy', 'DN']

entities_list: @entity21086 :: ('p|SUB|P|12|A', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['Pro12Ala']

entities_list: @entity2175 :: ('MESH:D003924', 'Disease') :: ['type 2 diabetes', 'T2D']

answer: @entity21086 :: (p|SUB|P|12|A,ProteinMutation) :: ['Pro12Ala']


abstract: @entity888 (MA)-related @entity204 and nigrostriatal dopaminergic (NSDA) @entity2359 are greater in males. The exact basis for this gender difference is not known, but data, which show that @entity172 (E) can function as a protectant of both the cardiovascular and NSDA systems, suggest an important role for gonadal @entity230 in modulating @entity137 to this psychostimulant. In the present report, we examined the effects of treatment with the gonadal @entity134 hormones E and @entity251 (T) upon MA-induced @entity137 within intact and castrated female and male @entity2659 @entity19 . Treatment of intact males with E produced a severe acute @entity137 to MA, with only 41% (7/17) males surviving at 24-h post-MA. This incidence of mortality was significantly different from that of nonhormonally treated @entity19 receiving an identical regimen of MA [94% survival (16/17)]. None of the other treatment groups showed mortality rates, which differed significantly from the nonhormonally treated @entity19 . Striatal @entity935 (DA) concentrations of E-treated female @entity19 (intact or castrated) were significantly greater than that of the nonhormonally treated @entity19 , which failed to differ statistically among each other. In an attempt to understand some of the bases for the mortality rates in E-treated intact males, body temperatures, heart rates and heart @entity2922 concentrations were measured from an additional group of intact male @entity19 treated or not treated with E. Heart rates of E-treated intact males were significantly decreased compared with non-E-treated males. No statistically significant differences were obtained for body temperatures or heart @entity2922 concentrations. These data demonstrate that MA induces an exacting, acute @entity137 , which is specific for E-treated intact male @entity19 and is associated with a reduction in heart rate. In addition, E can function as a neuroprotectant of NSDA system within female, but not male, @entity19 . These data suggest that acute MA @entity137 observed with E in intact male @entity19 may result from a change in cardiac function. Accordingly, gonadal @entity134 hormones can function as critical modulators of both central and peripheral toxicological effects of MA.

title: XXXX -gonadal @entity134 hormonal interactions: effects upon acute @entity137 and striatal @entity935 concentrations.

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity888 :: ('MESH:D008694', 'Chemical') :: ['Methamphetamine']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity2922 :: ('CHEBI:33567', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamine']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity2359 :: ('MESH:D020258', 'Disease') :: ['neurotoxicity']

answer: @entity888 :: (MESH:D008694,Chemical) :: ['Methamphetamine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4349 -induced @entity712 (A-CHF) is associated with a high reported incidence of morbidity and mortality. The long-term clinical outcome of @entity1 with clinical A-CHF is less well defined. METHODS: A retrospective chart review was done of 19 @entity1 with a clinical diagnosis of A-CHF. RESULTS: In 19 @entity1 , the mean @entity4349 dose was 379 +/- 141 mg/m2 (range, 120-570 mg/m2). The median time from the last dose of the drug to the onset of A-CHF was 4 weeks (range, 1-17 weeks). Seven @entity1 (Group I) died of A-CHF within a median of 6 weeks (range, 1-15 weeks) from onset of disease to @entity204 . Twelve @entity1 (Group II) had clinical recovery, three with a complete response, eight had partial improvement, and one had stable disease. Most importantly, four @entity1 who had an intercurrent illness (two @entity1 with @entity281 and two with progression of their malignant lesions) had a relapse of clinical @entity712 that was fatal. CONCLUSIONS: Many (63%) @entity1 recover from clinical A-CHF. However, the cardiac reserve of these @entity1 is limited, and they may require careful medical management during other illnesses or surgical procedures.

title: Outcome of clinical @entity712 induced by XXXX chemotherapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure']

entities_list: @entity4349 :: ('CHEBI:48120', 'Chemical') :: ['Anthracycline', 'anthracycline']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

answer: @entity4349 :: (CHEBI:48120,Chemical) :: ['anthracycline']