abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate the efficacy and safety of @entity16231 , an oral, potent, and selective inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor ( @entity7 ) receptors 1, 2, and 3 in @entity1 with @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ) refractory to prior therapies that included, but were not limited to, @entity2857 . @entity1 AND METHODS: In this multicenter, open-label, phase II study, @entity1 with @entity2857 -refractory @entity1358 received a starting dose of @entity16231 5 mg orally twice daily. A one-arm, single-stage design was used to estimate the primary end point of objective response rate (ORR), defined by RECIST (Response Evaluation Criteria in @entity5 ). Secondary end points included safety, duration of response, progression-free survival (PFS), @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ), and @entity1 -reported outcomes. RESULTS: Of 62 @entity1 recruited, 100% had received prior @entity2857 , and 74.2% had received two or more prior systemic treatments. The @entity16231 dose was titrated to greater than 5 mg twice daily in 53.2% of @entity1 , and 35.5% of @entity1 had the dose modified to less than 5 mg twice daily. In 62 @entity1 evaluable for response, the ORR was 22.6%, and the median duration of response was 17.5 months. Median PFS and @entity1349 times were 7.4 months (95% CI, 6.7 to 11.0 months) and 13.6 months (95% CI, 8.4 to 18.8 months), respectively. All-causality grade 3 to 4 adverse events included @entity8566 (16.1%), @entity1295 (16.1%), @entity101 (16.1%), @entity1353 (14.5%), @entity294 (14.5%), @entity2700 (8.1%), and @entity551 (6.5%). CONCLUSION: @entity16231 has antitumor activity in @entity1 with @entity1358 refractory to prior @entity7 -targeted therapy, including @entity2857 . @entity137 were mild to moderate and were manageable. A randomized, phase III trial to compare @entity16231 with @entity2857 in @entity1 who have @entity1358 refractory to one prior first-line therapy regimen is underway.

title: Phase II study of XXXX in @entity2857 -refractory @entity1358 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['Toxicities']

entities_list: @entity2700 :: ('MESH:D003681', 'Disease') :: ['dehydration']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity16231 :: ('MESH:C503983', 'Chemical') :: ['Axitinib', 'axitinib']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Solid Tumors']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity2857 :: ('MESH:C471405', 'Chemical') :: ['sorafenib']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['mRCC', 'metastatic renal cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity8566 :: ('MESH:D060831', 'Disease') :: ['hand-foot syndrome']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity16231 :: (MESH:C503983,Chemical) :: ['axitinib']


abstract: Pulse wave velocity ( @entity122 ), the carotid augmentation index (AIx), and pulse pressure (PP) may be prognostic factors in @entity712 , but the possible influence of the ejection fraction (EF) and other simple haemodynamic variables on them has not been investigated in this setting. Noninvasive methods were used to measure carotid-radial (CR), carotid-femoral (CF) @entity122 and AIx, and brachial PP, in 135 consecutive @entity1 with stable symptomatic @entity712 . The @entity1 were divided into two groups, with preserved (>or=40%) or reduced (<40%) EF. CF- @entity122 , AIx and PP were lower in the decreased EF group (8.85+/-2.77 versus 10.60+/-2.75 m/s, P<0.001; 121+/-21 versus 132+/-24, P=0.009 and 41+/-19 versus 67+/-17 mmHg, P<0.001), but CR- @entity122 values were similar regardless of the EF status. These results were not modified after adjustment for age and sex. Multiple regression analysis showed that AIx and PP were systematically related to time domain parameters (heart rate or ejection duration) and EF, whatever the group. CF- @entity122 was weakly related to time domain values and unrelated to mean blood pressure (BP) or EF in the preserved EF group, whereas it was related to both mean BP and EF in the low EF group. In conclusion, whatever the EF level, PP and AIx were strongly modulated in the time domain, by pressure and by the EF level. The same relationships were found with CF- @entity122 , but only in the reduced EF group. Whether CF- @entity122 is the best prognostic factor in @entity1 with 'diastolic' @entity712 must be confirmed in a prospective study.

title: Interaction between pulse wave velocity, augmentation index, pulse pressure and left ventricular function in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['chronic heart failure', 'heart failure']

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['chronic heart failure']


abstract: Cloned @entity19 keratinocytes (MK-1 cells) display density-dependent @entity851 when reaching confluency in a serum-free medium with a @entity460 concentration less than 0.1 mM, supplemented only with insulin and @entity3654 . In this quiescent state, greater than 95% of the cell population is in the Go/1 phase of the cell cycle. Treatment of quiescent MK-1 cells with 1 to 10 ng/ml @entity6354 ( @entity6354 ) resulted in a sharp burst of DNA synthetic activity. Both insulin and cholera toxin potentiated the mitogenic effect of @entity6354 , but neither agent was necessary or sufficient to induce thymidine incorporation into DNA. @entity619 abolished the effect of insulin, but not the mitogenic effect of @entity6354 alone. In contrast, @entity1968 (RA) did not possess any mitogenic effect for quiescent MK-1 cells, nor did it modulate the actions of @entity6354 or @entity619 . A number of commercially available crude extracts of @entity291 brain and pituitary were also capable of initiating DNA synthesis in resting MK-1 cells. Finally, transforming growth factor type beta ( @entity641 ) proved to be a potent inhibitor of the mitogen-induced DNA synthesis in MK-1 cells (IC50:10 pM). This defined culture system is eminently suited to study the regulation of DNA synthesis of epidermal cells. In addition, it can be used as a sensitive bioassay for the detection of epidermal mitogens, as well as inhibitors of DNA synthesis such as @entity641 .

title: Reinitiation of DNA synthesis in quiescent @entity19 keratinocytes; regulation by polypeptide hormones, cholera toxin, @entity619 , and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['growth arrest']

entities_list: @entity6354 :: ('13645(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['EGF', 'epidermal growth factor']

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['Dexamethasone', 'dexamethasone']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity1968 :: ('MESH:D014212', 'Chemical') :: ['retinoic acid']

answer: @entity1968 :: (MESH:D014212,Chemical) :: ['retinoic acid']


abstract: The benefit of delayed @entity205 in reducing risk of @entity10297 ( @entity10297 ) is not clearly established. This study compared early vs. delayed @entity205 microemulsion (CsA-ME) inde novorenal transplant @entity1 . @entity1 were randomized to early (day 0, n=97) or delayed (day 6, n=100) CsA-ME at an initial dose of 8 mg/kg/day with dose adjusted according to C2 level. All @entity1 received enteric-coated @entity618 (EC-MPS), @entity230 and an anti- @entity1199 receptor antibody. In both groups, 33% of @entity1 were at high risk of @entity10297 ; 26 @entity1 (26.8%) in the early CsA-ME group and 23 @entity1 (23.0%) in the delayed CsA-ME group experienced @entity10297 (n.s.). Renal function at 3 months was comparable ( @entity1011 clearance 51.1 mL/min with early CsA-ME and 53.8 mL/min with delayed CsA-ME), and remained similar to 12 months. Treatment failure, defined as biopsy-proven acute rejection, graft loss or @entity204 , did not differ significantly at 12 months (23.7% with early CsA-ME vs. 29.0% with delayed CsA-ME). Biopsy-proven acute rejection occurred in 15.5% of early CsA-ME and 26.5% of delayed CsA-ME @entity1 (n.s.). Both regimens were well tolerated. These data suggest that early or delayed introduction of CsA-ME results in similar renal function in renal transplant @entity1 regardless of @entity10297 risk level.

title: Impact of early or delayed @entity205 on XXXX in renal transplant recipients: a randomized, multicenter study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity10297 :: ('MESH:D051799', 'Disease') :: ['delayed graft function', 'DGF']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporine']

entities_list: @entity618 :: ('MESH:C063008', 'Chemical') :: ['mycophenolate sodium']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

answer: @entity10297 :: (MESH:D051799,Disease) :: ['delayed graft function']


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: This study is a meta-analysis of the world's literature on @entity1615 in monozygotic and dizygotic twins. Additionally, six previously unreported cases of @entity1635 in twins are presented. OBJECTIVES: To compare and contrast the concordance, severity, and curve patterns in monozygotic and dizygotic twins with @entity1615 in an attempt to document a genetic etiology and delineate inheritance patterns for @entity1615 . SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: There are numerous case reports of twins sets with @entity1615 . However, this data has not been previously analyzed as a single data base. METHODS: The literature was searched for cases of twins with @entity1615 , and six cases of @entity1 treated by authors were added. One hundred cases of sets of twins were discovered, 68 of which had sufficient data for comparative analysis. Each set was evaluated for monozygosity, concordance of @entity1635 , curve pattern, and severity of curve. RESULTS: Thirty-seven sets of twins were monozygous, and 31 sets were dizygous. Concordance was 73% among monozygous twins and 36% among dizygous twins. The difference is statistically significant at P < 0.003. Curve severity could be compared in 20 sets of monozygous twins and 16 sets of dizygous twins. Among monozygous twins, there was a correlation coefficient of r = 0.399 (P < 0.126). Curve pattern comparison was not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Monozygous twins have a significantly higher rate of concordance than dizygous twins, and the curves in monozygous twins develop and progress together. Based on these data, there is strong evidence for a genetic etiology for @entity1615 .

title: XXXX in twins. A meta-analysis of the literature and report of six cases.

entities_list: @entity1635 :: ('MESH:D012600', 'Disease') :: ['scoliosis']

entities_list: @entity1615 :: ('OMIM:181800', 'Disease') :: ['adolescent idiopathic scoliosis']

answer: @entity1635 :: (MESH:D012600,Disease) :: ['Scoliosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Early-onset @entity1665 has @entity263 ; however, little is known about this relationship in African-Americans who are at elevated @entity263 risk. METHODS: We recruited 219 African-American controls and 318 @entity263 cases. We determined age-stratified associations of @entity1665 with @entity263 occurrence and severity defined by high stage (T3/T4) or high grade (Gleason 7+.) Associations of @entity342 metabolism genotypes ( @entity5322 , @entity5396 , @entity50973 , AR-CAG, @entity35006 @entity50974 , and @entity35006 @entity50975 ), family history, @entity167 intake, and smoking were examined by @entity1665 status and age group by using multivariable logistic regression models. RESULTS: Baldness was associated with odds of @entity263 [OR = 1.69; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.05-2.74]. Frontal @entity1665 was associated with high-stage (OR = 2.61; 95% CI, 1.10-6.18) and high-grade (OR = 2.20; 95% CI, 1.05-4.61) @entity5 . For @entity1 diagnosed less than the age of 60 years, frontal @entity1665 was associated with high stage (OR = 6.51; 95% CI, 2.11-20.06) and high grade (OR = 4.23; 95% CI, 1.47-12.14). We also observed a suggestion of an interaction among smoking, median age, and any @entity1665 (P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: We observed significant associations between early-onset @entity1665 and @entity263 in African-American @entity1 . Interactions with age and smoking were suggested in these associations. Studies are needed to investigate the mechanisms influencing the relationship between @entity1665 and @entity263 in African-American @entity1 . IMPACT: African-American @entity1 present with unique risk factors including @entity1665 patterns that may contribute to @entity263 disparities.

title: Relationship of early-onset @entity263 in African-American XXXX .

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['been linked to prostate cancer', 'African-American prostate cancer', 'prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity50975 :: ('p|SUB|V|89|L', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['V89L']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['men']


abstract: The inhibitory effects of @entity15791 , a natural antioxidant extracted from a Chinese medicine, on apoptotic and @entity39 cell death of cardiomyocytes in @entity519 -reoxygenation process were observed in this study. The possible mechanisms of @entity15791 on scavenging reactive @entity26 species and regulating apoptotic related genes @entity1976 and @entity10740 were also investigated. Neonatal @entity35 cardiomyocytes were subjected to 24-h @entity519 and 4-h reoxygenation. Cell death was evaluated by DNA electrophoresis on agarose gel, cell death ELISA and @entity13909 -FLUOS/ @entity2667 (PI) double staining cytometry. @entity519 caused the increase of apoptotic rates and the release of @entity880 dehydrogenase (LDH), while reoxygenation not only further increased the apoptotic rates and leakage of LDH, but also induced @entity39 of cardiomyocytes. In addition, @entity519 increased the levels of @entity6836 / @entity8326 and @entity4466 reacted substances (TBARS), while reoxygenation decreased @entity6836 / @entity8326 , but further increased TBARS in the cultured media. Moreover, @entity519 up-regulated the expression levels of @entity1976 and @entity10740 proteins, while reoxygenation down-regulated @entity1976 and further up-regulated @entity10740 . @entity15791 significantly decreased the rates of apoptotic and @entity39 cardiomyocytes, and inhibited the leakage of LDH. It also diminished @entity6836 / @entity8326 and TBARS, down-regulated the expression level of @entity10740 protein, and up-regulated @entity1976 protein, respectively. The results suggest that @entity15791 has preventive effects against apoptotic and @entity39 cell death and its protective mechanisms are related to the antioxidant properties of scavenging @entity842 and @entity26 free radicals, and the modulating effects on the expression levels of @entity1976 and @entity10740 proteins.

title: XXXX , a novel drug against cardiomyocyte apoptosis induced by @entity519 and reoxygenation.

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrotic', 'necrosis']

entities_list: @entity2667 :: ('MESH:D011419', 'Chemical') :: ['propidium iodide']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['Hypoxia', 'hypoxia']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity4466 :: ('MESH:C029684', 'Chemical') :: ['thiobarbituric acid']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

answer: @entity15791 :: (MESH:C013592,Chemical) :: ['Chinonin']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The risk of @entity11157 ( @entity11157 ) increases in association with autoimmune conditions. Adequate intake of @entity560 (vit D) and trace elements is required for the immune system to function efficiently. The aim of this study was to evaluate vit D, @entity219 , and @entity920 blood levels in @entity1 with @entity11157 who had given birth to at least one @entity1 and in @entity1 with normal menstrual cycles. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional, case-control study involving 63 @entity1 divided into two groups: the study group, which is composed of 35 @entity1 with @entity11157 , and the control group, which is composed of 28 @entity1 with normal menstrual cycles. Serum concentrations of @entity219 , vit D, and @entity920 were determined for each @entity1 . RESULTS: @entity1 with @entity11157 had significantly higher serum @entity920 levels and @entity920 -to- @entity219 ratio but significantly lower serum vit D and @entity219 levels when compared with the healthy control group. Serum follicle-stimulating hormone levels were inversely correlated with @entity219 and vit D levels and positively correlated with the @entity920 -to- @entity219 ratio and @entity920 levels. Vit D levels were inversely correlated with follicle-stimulating hormone levels, @entity920 -to- @entity219 ratio, and @entity920 levels and positively correlated with @entity219 levels. CONCLUSIONS: Most @entity1 with @entity11157 are deficient in vit D. @entity219 , @entity920 , and vit D seem to correlate with hormonal status in the @entity1 . The present study may generate hypotheses for future studies that will investigate the possible mechanisms behind alterations in trace elements and vit D deficiency in @entity1 with @entity11157 and whether these changes could be used to screen for the risk of developing @entity11157 .

title: Is there a link between XXXX and serum concentrations of @entity560 , @entity219 , and @entity920 ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'participant', 'Women', 'child']

entities_list: @entity11157 :: ('MESH:D016649', 'Disease') :: ['POI', 'primary ovarian insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity560 :: ('MESH:D014807', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin D']

answer: @entity11157 :: (MESH:D016649,Disease) :: ['premature ovarian failure']


abstract: Toll-like receptor (TLR) is a key component in launching innate immune response to microbial challenge. @entity46930 and @entity46931 are recognized as specific receptors for components of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, respectively. @entity1641 are extremely sensitive to endotoxin-induced @entity1167 and mortality which causes significant economic losses. To date, there are no data on the expression of @entity46930 and @entity46931 in @entity1641 lungs. Therefore, we examined the expression of @entity46930 and @entity46931 in lungs from normal or @entity526 lipopolysaccharide ( @entity526 @entity558 ; 50 ng/kg; iv) treated @entity1641 . We also studied the impact of the depletion of pulmonary intravascular macrophages (PIM) on @entity46930 and @entity46931 expression in normal or @entity558 -treated @entity1641 . RT-PCR showed @entity46930 mRNA but not @entity46931 , in normal @entity1641 lungs. PIM depletion reduced @entity46930 mRNA expression without affecting @entity46931 . The @entity558 treatment increased the expression of @entity46930 and @entity46931 mRNA in normal and PIM-depleted @entity1641 compared to normal saline-treated @entity1641 . Light and electron microscopic immunocytochemistry showed @entity46930 protein in PIM, alveolar macrophages and septal endothelium in lungs from normal or @entity558 -treated @entity1641 . Immuno-gold electron microscopy showed @entity46930 in PIM and dual-label immuno-electron microscopy co-localized @entity46930 and @entity558 in the cytoplasm and nucleus of PIM of @entity558 -treated @entity1641 . The present manuscript is the first report on the expression of @entity46930 and @entity46931 in normal and @entity558 -treated @entity1641 and direct co-localization of @entity46930 with @entity558 molecules in PIM. These data provide evidence that PIM are equipped with @entity46930 to handle and rapidly respond to circulating endotoxins.

title: Expression of toll-like receptor 4 and 2 in XXXX lungs.

entities_list: @entity1641 :: ('9796', 'Species') :: ['Horses', 'horse', 'horses']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiopulmonary distress']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli', 'E. coli']

answer: @entity1641 :: (9796,Species) :: ['horse']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Survival rates for @entity1 with @entity43 remain low despite improved chemotherapy regimens and cytoreductive surgery. METHODS: One hundred thirty-six @entity1 with @entity43 were treated with primary cytoreductive surgery followed by @entity900 induction, 1 mg/kg weekly x 4 followed by 10 cycles of @entity900 (50 mg/m2), @entity632 (50 mg/m2), and @entity786 (750 mg/m2). Second-look surgery was performed on those @entity1 who were clinically without evidence of disease at the end of the planned chemotherapy course. Survival and progression-free survival were calculated, and prognostic factors regarding survival and progression-free survival were evaluated by both univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS: Cytoreductive surgery to less than or equal to 2 cm was performed on 83% of @entity1 and to less than 1 cm in 40%. A surgical complete response (SCR) rate of 34.9% and surgical partial response (SPR) rate of 47.6% were noted. Of the SCRs, recurrences developed in 52.7% of the @entity1 . Estimated 5- and 8-year survival for all 136 @entity1 was 31.2% and 21.5%, and 5- and 8-year progression-free survival was 23.9% and 20.6%, respectively. Those @entity1 with less than 1-cm @entity66 after primary surgery had significantly improved survival compared with those with 1-2 cm or greater than 2 cm (P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis identified @entity66 status and age as the most significant prognostic factors associated with survival and progression-free survival. CONCLUSION: Compared with those @entity1 with greater than 1-cm residuum after initial surgery, a statistically significant improvement in long term survival was noted for those @entity1 whose @entity5 were cytoreduced to less than 1-cm residuum.

title: Long term survival by cytoreductive surgery to less than 1 cm, induction weekly @entity900 and monthly XXXX , @entity632 , and @entity786 therapy in advanced @entity43 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['advanced epithelial ovarian cancer', 'Stage III or IV ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['residual disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

answer: @entity900 :: (MESH:D002945,Chemical) :: ['cisplatin']


abstract: The role of changes in preload in maintaining stable hemodynamics during coronary obstruction was assessed in the presence of @entity741 due to occlusions of the @entity1347 ( @entity1347 ) and left circumflex (LCX) coronary arteries. Changes in preload (mean left atrial pressure) to maintain a constant @entity64 volume after @entity1563 were examined in 18 anesthetized @entity235 ( @entity1347 occlusion in 9 @entity235 , LCX occlusion in 9 @entity235 ). The level of @entity63 was assessed sonomicrometrically. Ventricular function curves relating left atrial pressure to @entity64 volume were assessed during a control state and after 1 min of @entity1563 . The extent of preload reserve after @entity1563 was examined on the ventricular function curves and was defined as the change in mean left atrial pressure required to maintain @entity64 volume at the level of the control state under conditions of regional @entity63 . Ischemic size was determined by a stereo-angiogram after the animals were sacrificed. The extent of preload reserve (X) was linearly related to the @entity63 size (Y) in both @entity1347 (Y = 0.90 + 0.16X, r = 0.76, p < 0.001) and LCX (Y = -1.79 + 0.19X, r = 0.79, p < 0.001) occlusions. The slopes of the regression lines in @entity1347 and LCX occlusions were the same. The X intercepts of these lines were -5.6% and 9.4% of the left ventricular weight in @entity1347 and @entity63 (p < 0.001), respectively. Thus, the presence of systolic wall motion abnormalities due to @entity1563 can be compensated for hemodynamically by changes in the preload reserve.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Assessment of preload reserve in @entity741 --the relation between preload reserve and XXXX size differs between anterior descending and circumflex @entity1563 in a @entity235 model.

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia', 'ischemic', 'LCX ischemia']

entities_list: @entity1347 :: ('MESH:C537775', 'Disease') :: ['LAD', 'left anterior descending']

entities_list: @entity1563 :: ('MESH:D054059', 'Disease') :: ['coronary occlusion']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial ischemia']

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['ischemic']


abstract: Donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI), pioneered in Jerusalem in January 1987, represents the first proof of principle of the absolute efficacy of immunotherapy as a means of curing @entity5 . Immunotherapy with alloreactive donor lymphocytes can eliminate "the last @entity5 cell" even in @entity1 with @entity1583 resistant to maximally tolerated doses of chemoradiotherapy. Alloreactive lymphocytes that can mediate anti- @entity5 effects following induction of host-versus-graft tolerance induced by transplantation of donor stem cells, can induce graft-versus-malignancy (GVM) effects which are usually accompanied by @entity2132 ( @entity2132 ). However, occasionally GVM effects may also be accomplished independently of clinically overt @entity2132 . Interestingly, allogeneic donor lymphocytes may also eliminate undesirable host-derived hematopoietic cells in a large number of nonmalignant indications including @entity74 , diseases caused by @entity3308 cell products, and @entity792 mediated by self-reactive lymphocytes. The cumulative clinical experience suggests feasibility of effective induction of graft-versus- @entity1778 (GVL); graft-versus-lymphoma (GVLy); graft-versus-multiple @entity1582 , as well as graft-versus-solid @entity5 (GVT), well-documented in @entity1 with @entity0 , even in @entity1 with resistant disease that have failed myeloablative chemoradiotherapy. These observations that suggested that cell therapy by donor lymphocytes is the main therapeutic benefit of bone marrow transplantation (BMT) led to development of the nonmyeloablative approach for safer allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Nonmyeloablative stem cell transplantation (NST) makes it possible to offer an option for cure to elderly @entity1 with no upper age limit, as well as to @entity1 with poor performance status not considered eligible for conventional BMT. Using well-tolerated NST regimen, allogeneic stem cell transplantation can be accomplished with minimal procedure-related @entity137 and mortality, possibly even on an outpatient basis. Immunotherapy mediated by adoptive allogeneic cell-mediated immunotherapy can be further improved by utilizing specifically immune donor lymphocytes, thus maximizing their efficacy against undesirable target cells of host origin on the one hand, while minimizing their ontoward efficacy against normal cells of host origin that could result in @entity2132 on the other. Taken together, DLI and subsequently NST, may have opened new horizons for treatment of life-threatening malignant and nonmalignant disorders correctable by allogeneic stem cell transplantation. It is anticipated that further improvement of reactivity and specificity of donor lymphocytes will lead to safer clinical application of cell therapy for a larger number of indications toward improving disease-free survival in a large number of indications while minimizing immediate and late procedure-related complications.

title: Donor lymphocyte infusion: the use of alloreactive and XXXX -reactive lymphocytes for immunotherapy of malignant and nonmalignant diseases in conjunction with allogeneic stem cell transplantation.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity3308 :: ('MESH:D020295', 'Disease') :: ['deficiency of stem']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['renal and breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity2132 :: ('MESH:D006086', 'Disease') :: ['GVHD', 'graft-versus-host disease']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['genetic diseases']

entities_list: @entity1583 :: ('MESH:D019337', 'Disease') :: ['hematological malignancies']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune disorders']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumor']


abstract: Thai @entity1 have been shown to accumulate large amounts of dental @entity1608 . The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of @entity1547 and @entity2522 , and salivary conditions which may contribute to @entity1608 accumulation. Four-hundred and thirty-nine (439) @entity1 from 18 schools in Chiang Mai were selected for this study. The @entity1 were given oral examinations to determine @entity1608 index (CI); decayed, missing, and filled surfaces (DMFS); @entity1547 ( @entity1547 ); gingival index (GI); and plaque index (PI). @entity1 with mean CI scores > or =1 (206) were assigned to the @entity1608 group; the 233 @entity1 with mean CI scores of <1 to the noncalculus group. Saliva was collected from 60 randomly-selected @entity1 in each group. Unstimulated and stimulated whole saliva and stimulated parotid saliva were assessed for flow rate, pH, and buffer capacity using 2 methods. Results showed that @entity1608 status was not significantly associated with caries, but that there was a high association between @entity2522 and plaque status with @entity1608 accumulation (P < 0.001). There were no significant differences in saliva flow rate, pH, or buffer capacity between @entity1608 and noncalculus groups. The lack of association between @entity1608 status and caries indicated these 2 conditions have different etiologies and suggests the importance of plaque and @entity1608 prevention programs, in addition to caries control efforts, to maintain oral health of Thai @entity1 .

title: The relationship of dental @entity1547 , XXXX , and selected salivary factors in 11- to 13-year-old @entity1 in Chiang Mai, Thailand.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity2522 :: ('MESH:D005891', 'Disease') :: ['gingivitis']

entities_list: @entity1547 :: ('MESH:D003731', 'Disease') :: ['calculus to caries', 'decayed, missing, and filled teeth', 'DMFT']

answer: @entity2522 :: (MESH:D005891,Disease) :: ['gingivitis']


abstract: @entity73 is found in @entity1 with @entity1313 and there is a need to determine whether it can be replicated in an experimental model. In the present study, the object recognition (OR) paradigm was used to investigate cognitive performance in @entity19 , which represent one of the most important animal models available to study @entity1 @entity5 in vivo. @entity19 with orthotopic xenografts of the @entity1 U87MG @entity463 cell line were trained at 9, 14, and 18days (D9, D14, and D18, respectively) after implantation of 5*10(5) cells. At D9, the @entity19 showed normal behavior when tested 90min or 24h after training and compared to control @entity19 . Animals at D14 were still able to discriminate between familiar and novel objects, but exhibited a lower performance than animals at D9. Total @entity2414 was observed when animals were evaluated on D18. These alterations were detected earlier than any other clinical symptoms, which were observed only 22-24days after @entity5 implantation. There was a significant correlation between the discrimination index (d2) and time after @entity5 implantation as well as between d2 and @entity5 volume. These data indicate that the OR task is a robust test to identify early behavior alterations caused by @entity463 in @entity19 . In addition, these results suggest that OR task can be a reliable tool to test the efficacy of new therapies against these @entity5 .

title: The growth of @entity463 orthotopic xenografts in XXXX is directly correlated with @entity2414 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['brain tumors']

entities_list: @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mice', 'Mice', 'nude mice']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['Cognitive dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['impairment in the OR memory']

entities_list: @entity463 :: ('MESH:D005909', 'Disease') :: ['glioblastoma']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['nude mice']


abstract: @entity1002 with @entity712 ( @entity712 ) resulting from severe @entity472 ( @entity472 ) is a well-described condition in infancy, but it is rarely found in older @entity1 and adolescents. Aortic valve surgery in such cases may be associated with higher rates of morbidity and mortality. @entity384 ( @entity384 ) is a viable alternative, but its effect on LV function has not been evaluated. We describe follow-up results of @entity384 in 10 cases of severe @entity472 in older @entity1 and adolescents with @entity712 and @entity1002 . The ages of these @entity1 ranged from 5 to 18 yr (mean +/- SD: 10.8 +/- 4 yr), and nine were males. The follow-up period after @entity384 ranged from 3 mo to 7 yr (mean +/- SD: 2.93 +/- 2.1 yr). Success was achieved in all cases, with no immediate complications. After valvuloplasty, the peak-to-peak systolic gradient declined from 74.7 +/- 30.8 to 33.9 +/- 18.2 mm Hg (P < 0.0001). The cardiac index increased slightly but significantly, from 1.9 +/- 0.27 to 2.2 +/- 0.5 L/min/m(2) (P < 0.015). Hemodynamic improvement was also confirmed by a significant decrease in mean pulmonary artery and pulmonary artery wedge pressures from 41.9 +/- 9 to 32.6 +/- 6.6 and from 25.5 +/- 2.9 to 19.3 +/- 3.4 mm Hg, respectively. The echocardiographically derived left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) improved from 21.6 +/- 5. 37% to 31 +/- 6.5% within 24 hr after @entity384 , and it further improved in all cases on follow-up. Mean LVEF at last follow-up was 59.4 +/- 11.4%. The Doppler instantaneous peak systolic gradient (IPSG) increased from 37.3 +/- 18.8 to 64.8 +/- 30.7 mm Hg at late follow-up. Significant @entity337 ( @entity337 ) developed in 20% of @entity1 . The Doppler IPSG across the aortic valve was > 60 mm Hg in five cases on follow-up. Two of these @entity1 underwent another @entity384 successfully 4 and 16 mo later, respectively. Aortic valve replacement was done in two @entity1 , one for severe @entity256 with mild @entity337 12 mo after @entity384 and another for severe re- @entity256 with moderate @entity337 21 mo after a second @entity384 . Severe @entity472 can be associated with @entity1002 and @entity712 in late childhood and adolescence. @entity384 results in good palliation with improvement in LV function on follow-up.

title: Congenital severe XXXX with @entity712 in late childhood and adolescence: effect on left ventricular function after balloon valvuloplasty.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure', 'CHF']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['Aortic valve balloon dilatation', 'AVBD']

entities_list: @entity256 :: ('MESH:D023903', 'Disease') :: ['restenosis']

entities_list: @entity337 :: ('MESH:D001022', 'Disease') :: ['AR', 'aortic regurgitation']

entities_list: @entity472 :: ('MESH:D001024', 'Disease') :: ['congenital aortic stenosis', 'AS', 'congenital AS']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['LV dysfunction', 'Left ventricular (LV) dysfunction']

answer: @entity472 :: (MESH:D001024,Disease) :: ['aortic stenosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: A review of the treatment of pediatric @entity697 requiring surgical intervention managed with and without PICC therapy postoperatively. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: Retrospective study of 42 cases from 1989 to 2004 treated at a regional @entity1 's hospital. RESULTS: Sixteen @entity1 received postoperative PICC therapy and 26 received a course of oral antibiotics. The PICC group received on average 12.12 days of intravenous antibiotics compared to only 3.53 days for the non-PICC group (P < 0.001). No differences were observed between the two groups in treatment outcomes. One @entity1 from each group required rehospitalization. One minor complication was experienced in a @entity1 in the PICC group. There were no surgical complications. The total cost for outpatient PICC therapy increased treatment costs by approximately  1500 to  2500. CONCLUSIONS: Oral antibiotic therapy is sufficient after surgical intervention for acute pediatric @entity2267 without @entity1504 and does not result in adverse treatment outcome. SIGNIFICANCE: Use of PICC therapy after surgical intervention for @entity2267 should be limited. EBM RATING: B-3b.

title: Treatment of pediatric XXXX : is peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) antibiotic therapy necessary?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute mastoiditis']

entities_list: @entity2267 :: ('MESH:D008417', 'Disease') :: ['suppurative mastoiditis', 'mastoiditis']

entities_list: @entity1504 :: ('MESH:D002561', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial complications']

answer: @entity2267 :: (MESH:D008417,Disease) :: ['suppurative mastoiditis']


abstract: @entity6018 is a @entity5 characteristically found in @entity1 during the reproductive years. These @entity5 are infrequently found after castration or menopause, suggesting some degree of hormonal sensitivity. Such aspects of the @entity5 suggest a potential role for antiestrogens as medical management and an alternative to radical surgery. We treated a 19-year-old @entity1 with a symptomatic pelvic mass secondary to a recurrent @entity6018 2 years after radical surgery with the antiestrogen @entity440 . An initial reduction in volume and arrest of growth was followed by stabilization in size and disappearance of symptoms. Therapy was continued for 18 months with no change in the volume of the cystic structure. The @entity1 continued to be asymptomatic. Periodic surveillance with quantitative digital radiography for bone density showed no change in bone mineral density. Serum testing for liver function studies was normal throughout treatment. This case suggests that antiestrogens may have a role in the medical management of these rare @entity172 -dependent @entity5 . The initial reduction in size and arrest in growth further suggest extreme sensitivity of this @entity5 to manipulation of the hormonal milieu. Therapy with the antiestrogen @entity440 in this setting may provide an option for long-term medical management in cases of symptomatic recurrent @entity6018 .

title: The antiestrogen XXXX in the treatment of recurrent @entity6018 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity440 :: ('MESH:D013629', 'Chemical') :: ['tamoxifen']

entities_list: @entity6018 :: ('MESH:D018261', 'Disease') :: ['benign cystic mesothelioma', 'Benign cystic mesothelioma', 'cystic mesotheliomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'neoplasms', 'tumors']

answer: @entity440 :: (MESH:D013629,Chemical) :: ['tamoxifen']


abstract: BACKGROUND: According to international recommendations [from the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association/European Society of Cardiology] and those of the Haute Autorit   de Sant   (HAS) in France, treatment with a @entity2067 antagonist is recommended in @entity1 with @entity955 ( @entity955 ) in the presence of a high @entity1031 risk factor [history of @entity64 , transient @entity63 , or @entity340 , or presence of a mechanical heart valve prosthesis] or at least two moderate risk factors (age >= 75  years, @entity101 , @entity712 , or @entity6 ). In @entity1 with a major contraindication, the @entity2067 antagonist can be replaced by an antiplatelet agent (APA). These recommendations are not systematically observed in @entity1 with @entity195 ( @entity195 ). The aim of our study was to determine the factors associated with undertreatment of @entity955 in geriatric outpatients with @entity195 . METHODS: Use of oral anticoagulants or APAs was studied in 66 @entity1 with @entity955 who were included in the French Network on @entity195 (REAL.FR) cohort, consisting of 686 outpatients living at home, supported by an informal caregiver, and suffering from @entity195 , with a Mini Mental Status Examination (MMSE) score between 10 and 26. First, demographic characteristics (age, sex, body mass index [BMI], living arrangements, educational level), medical conditions (comorbidity, number of medications), disability (activities of daily living [ADL], instrumental activities of daily living [IADL]), risk of falls (one-leg balance test), cognitive status (according to MMSE, @entity195 Assessment Scale-Cognitive Subscale [ADAS-Cog], and Clinical @entity303 Rating [CDR] scores), risk factors for @entity64 ( @entity101 , history of @entity64 , @entity712 , @entity6 , or age >= 75  years) and potential contraindications to oral anticoagulants (OACs) or APAs (polypharmacy, risk of falls, @entity177 , @entity344 ) of @entity1 receiving OACs were compared with those of @entity1 receiving APAs and those of @entity1 receiving no treatment for @entity955 . Then the same characteristics were compared between @entity1 receiving no treatment for @entity955 and those receiving OACs or APAs. RESULTS: Only 56  % (n  =  37) of @entity1 with @entity955 were receiving OACs or APAs at the baseline visit, of whom 18 (49  %) were receiving OACs and 19 (51  %) were receiving APAs. Bivariate analysis showed that @entity1 receiving OACs or APAs were significantly more likely to have a history of @entity65 (p  =  0.005)-in particular, @entity101 (p  =  0.037)-less likely to be living alone and unaided (p  =  0.038), and less likely to be taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs [NSAIDs] (p  =  0.001). CONCLUSION: Despite the national and international recommendations, nearly half of @entity195 @entity1 with @entity955 do not receive OACs or APAs. A history of @entity65 -in particular, @entity101 -improves access to treatment, but use of NSAIDs and living alone without home care seem to be the main factors associated with non-prescription of OACs or APAs.

title: Factors associated with undertreatment of XXXX in geriatric outpatients with @entity195 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity2067 :: ('MESH:D014812', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin K']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic attack, systemic embolism']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['Dementia']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal diseases']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['thromboembolic']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation', 'AF']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['Alzheimer-type dementia', 'Alzheimer Disease', 'AD', "Alzheimer's Disease", 'Alzheimer disease']

entities_list: @entity340 :: ('MESH:D006349', 'Disease') :: ['valvular heart disease']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity955 :: (MESH:D001281,Disease) :: ['atrial fibrillation']


abstract: Transcription of the @entity175 (CT) gene is down-regulated by @entity560 in normal and transformed thyroid C cells. DNA transfer techniques have been previously used to map and characterize a @entity268 -induced @entity14782 at @entity2036 -255 to -129 and an @entity14782 of basal transcription at -1060 to -905 in the CT 5' flanking DNA. The same methods were used to identify a negative response element for @entity560 . Deletion mutants of a genomic fragment of CT extending from @entity2036 -1460 to +90 were attached to a promoterless GH gene and transfected individually into the @entity259 cell line TT. CT @entity2036 -1460 to -129 induced significant basal transcription of the GH reporter gene in TT cells. Basal transcription was elevated 3-fold to 4-fold by treatment with @entity268 analog. The biologically active metabolite of @entity3875 , @entity3873 , had a minor (20%) inhibitory effect on basal transcription but inhibited more than 60% of the @entity268 -induced transcription. We further investigated the @entity268 -induced response and found that transcriptional activity of the downstream @entity268 -induced @entity14782 was greatly synergized in the presence of the upstream @entity14782 of basal transcription. The latter @entity14782 contained three functional CANNTG sequences designated E1 ( @entity2036 -1060 to -1030), E2 ( @entity2036 -940 to -920), and E3 ( @entity2036 -920 to -900). E2 and E3 were essential for maximal @entity268 -induced transcription. Detailed mapping of the @entity560 response showed that a minimum requirement for inhibition of the @entity268 -induced @entity14782 by @entity560 was a sequence overlapping E3 ( @entity2036 -920 to -829). We conclude that a negative response element to @entity560 is located between @entity2036 -920 and -829 in the CT 5' flanking DNA. It is possible that @entity560 inhibits transcription by interfering with the synergistic interaction between the @entity268 -induced @entity14782 and the @entity14782 of basal transcription.

title: Down-regulation of calcitonin gene transcription by XXXX requires two widely separated @entity14782 sequences.

entities_list: @entity175 :: ('MESH:D002116', 'Chemical') :: ['calcitonin']

entities_list: @entity2036 :: ('MESH:D009711', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotides']

entities_list: @entity3873 :: ('MESH:D002117', 'Chemical') :: ['1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3']

entities_list: @entity259 :: ('MESH:D013964', 'Disease') :: ['medullary thyroid carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity560 :: ('MESH:D014807', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin D']

answer: @entity560 :: (MESH:D014807,Chemical) :: ['vitamin D']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence of spontaneous pregnancy reduction and early pregnancy complications among @entity2099 conceived via @entity52 ( @entity52 ). METHODS: Spontaneous pregnancy reduction was assessed among @entity2099 conceived after @entity52 treatment in a private assisted reproduction center in Lagos, Nigeria, between January 2008, and June 2011. The pregnancies were diagnosed at 6-8 weeks of gestation by ultrasound scan, which was repeated at 11-14 weeks to determine the incidence of @entity353 . RESULTS: The incidence of @entity2099 was 35.2%. There were 11 (20.0%) twin, 6 triplet (10.5%), and 2 quintuplet (3.6%) pregnancies. Spontaneous reduction occurred in 9 (47.7%) of these pregnancies, including 15.8% of twins, 21% of triplets, and 10.5% of quintuplets. Spontaneous reduction was significant among triplets and quintuplets (P<0.05). Six @entity1 (31.5%) older than 36 years had @entity353 (P<0.05). @entity3556 occurred in 3 (15.5%) @entity1 , 2 (66.7%) of whom had @entity2208 . In all instances of monochorionic placentation, @entity353 resulted in @entity2208 . CONCLUSION: The incidence of @entity353 among @entity2099 conceived after @entity52 was high. @entity3556 was a warning sign of eventual abortion. Early pregnancy complications were fewer among pregnancies with dichorionic and trichorionic placentation.

title: Spontaneous fetal reduction and early pregnancy complications in @entity2099 following XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2208 :: ('MESH:D000022', 'Disease') :: ['spontaneous abortion']

entities_list: @entity3556 :: ('MESH:D014592', 'Disease') :: ['Vaginal bleeding']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['spontaneous reduction']

entities_list: @entity2099 :: ('MESH:D011254', 'Disease') :: ['multiple pregnancies']

entities_list: @entity52 :: ('MESH:C566179', 'Disease') :: ['IVF', 'in vitro fertilization']

answer: @entity52 :: (MESH:C566179,Disease) :: ['in vitro fertilization']


abstract: We have recently shown that @entity3875 ( @entity3875 ) absorption is not a simple passive diffusion but involves @entity165 transporters. As free @entity1718 (FAs) modulate @entity165 intestinal absorption and metabolism, we hypothesized that FAs may also interact with @entity560 absorption. Effects of FAs were evaluated at different levels of @entity3875 intestinal absorption. First, the physicochemical properties of micelles formed with different FAs were analyzed. The micelles were then administered to @entity1 Caco-2 cells in culture to evaluate FA effects on (i) @entity3875 uptake and basolateral efflux and (ii) the regulation of genes coding proteins involved in lipid absorption process. Micellar electric charge was correlated with both FA chain length and degree of unsaturation. Long-chain FAs at 500  M in mixed micelles decreased @entity3875 uptake in Caco-2 cells. This decrease was annihilated as soon as the long-chain FAs were mixed with other FAs. @entity3952 significantly improved @entity3875 basolateral efflux compared to other FAs. These results were partly explained by a modulation of genes coding for lipid transport proteins such as @entity1687 and scavenger receptor class B type I. The data reported here show for the first time that FAs can interact with @entity3875 intestinal absorption at different key steps of the absorption process. @entity3875 intestinal absorption may thus be optimized according to oil FA composition.

title: @entity1718 affect micellar properties and modulate XXXX uptake and basolateral efflux in Caco-2 cells.

entities_list: @entity3952 :: ('MESH:D019301', 'Chemical') :: ['Oleic acid']

entities_list: @entity3875 :: ('MESH:D002762', 'Chemical') :: ['cholecalciferol', 'Cholecalciferol', 'vitamin D3']

entities_list: @entity1687 :: ('MESH:D052556', 'Disease') :: ['Niemann-pick C1-like 1']

entities_list: @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity560 :: (MESH:D014807,Chemical) :: ['vitamin D']


abstract: DNA repair gene polymorphisms have been implicated as susceptibility factors in @entity5 development. It is possible that DNA repair polymorphisms may also influence the risk of gene mutation. Polymorphisms in the DNA repair gene @entity20319 have been indicated to have a contributive role in DNA adduct formation and an increased risk of @entity5 development. 300 @entity135 @entity1 and 150 controls were included in this study. PCR-single-strand conformation polymorphism and DNA sequencing were used to analyze the whole exonic region of @entity20319 in @entity135 @entity1 . Sequence analysis revealed two missense and two silent mutations in our study. Frequency of silent mutations; @entity51241 ( @entity51242 ) and @entity51243 ( @entity51244 ) was calculated as 0.16 (16  %) and 0.30 (30  %) respectively. Whereas, the frequency of missense mutations; @entity20322 ( @entity23914 ) and @entity51245 ( @entity51246 ) was calculated as 0.27 (27  %) and 0.28 (28  %) respectively. In our study, incidence of these mutations was found higher in @entity5 (p   <   0.005) as compared to oral cavity and @entity5 . Our finding suggests that the polymorphic @entity20319 gene may contribute to risk of developing @entity135 . To our knowledge, this is the first report that @entity20319 is associated with increased risk of @entity135 in a Pakistani population.

title: Genetic variations in @entity20319 gene in XXXX ( @entity135 ) @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'pharynx cancer', 'larynx cancer']

entities_list: @entity20322 :: ('p|SUB|R|399|Q', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['Arg399Gln']

entities_list: @entity51241 :: ('p|SUB|P|206|P', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['Pro206Pro']

entities_list: @entity51245 :: ('p|SUB|Y|576|N', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['Tyr576Asn']

entities_list: @entity51243 :: ('p|SUB|Q|632|Q', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['Gln632Gln']

answer: @entity135 :: (MESH:D006258,Disease) :: ['sporadic head and neck cancer']


abstract: Alterations in @entity1024 ( @entity143 ) receptor function have been linked to numerous @entity146 and neurochemical alterations. Recent investigations have begun to explore the role of @entity143 receptor function on principally inhibitory neurons and their role in network function. One of the prevailing models of @entity161 proposes a reduction in @entity143 receptor function on inhibitory interneurons and the resulting disinhibition may give rise to aspects of the disorder. Studies using @entity143 receptor antagonists such as @entity212 and @entity3652 have induced @entity161 -like @entity146 in animal model systems as well as changes in inhibitory circuits. The current study investigated whether the administration of a subanesthetic dose of @entity3652 (8 mg/kg subcutaneously), that disrupts sensorimotor gating, also produces impairments in a Pavlovian emotional learning and memory task. We utilized both standard delay and trace cued and contextual fear conditioning (CCF) paradigms to examine if @entity3652 produces differential effects when the task is more difficult and relies on connectivity between specific brain regions. @entity35 administered @entity3652 displayed no significant deficits in cued or contextual fear following the delay conditioning protocol. However, @entity3652 did produce a significant impairment in the more difficult trace conditioning protocol. Analyses of tissue from the hippocampus and amygdala indicated that the administration of @entity3652 produced an alteration in @entity1246 receptor protein levels differentially depending on the task. These data indicate that 8 mg/kg of @entity3652 impairs learning in the more difficult emotional classical conditioning task and may be related to altered signaling in GABAergic systems.

title: Deficits in emotional learning and memory in an animal model of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1024 :: ('CHEBI:31882', 'Chemical') :: ['N-methyl-D-aspartate']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['behavioral deficits']

entities_list: @entity3652 :: ('MESH:D007649', 'Chemical') :: ['ketamine']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

answer: @entity161 :: (MESH:D012559,Disease) :: ['schizophrenia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity31365 @entity311 causes severe disease in up to 10% of cases in Malaysian Borneo and has a mortality rate of 1 - 2%. However, laboratory markers with the ability to identify @entity1 at risk of developing complications have not yet been assessed as they have for other species of @entity31365 . METHODS: A case control study was undertaken in two hospitals in Sarikei and Sibu, Malaysian Borneo. One hundred and ten @entity1 with uncomplicated (n = 93) and severe (n = 17) @entity31365 @entity311 were studied. Standardized pigment-containing neutrophil (PCN) count, parasite density and platelet counts were determined and analysed by logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. RESULTS: The PCN count was strongly associated with risk of disease severity. @entity1 with high parasite density (>=  35,000/ l) or with thrombocytopaenia ( <= 45,000/ l) were also more likely to develop complications (odds ratio (OR) = 9.93 and OR = 5.27, respectively). The PCN count yielded the highest area under the ROC curve (AUC) estimate among all markers of severity (AUC = 0.8561, 95% confidence interval: 0.7328, 0.9794). However, the difference between all parameter AUC estimates was not statistically significant (Wald test, p = 0.73). CONCLUSION: Counting PCN is labour-intensive and not superior in predicting severity over parasitaemia and platelet counts. Parasite and platelet counts are simpler tests with an acceptable degree of precision. Any adult @entity1 diagnosed with @entity31365 @entity311 and having a parasite count >=  35,000/ l or >=  1% or a platelet count  <= 45,000/ l can be regarded at risk of developing complications and should be managed according to current WHO guidelines for the treatment of severe @entity311 .

title: Laboratory markers of disease severity in XXXX infection: a case control study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity31365 :: ('5850', 'Species') :: ['Plasmodium', 'Plasmodium knowlesi', 'P. knowlesi']

answer: @entity31365 :: (5850,Species) :: ['Plasmodium knowlesi']


abstract: @entity66 is still a major health problem in the infested areas of the world, especially in rural areas. Two hundred seventy-six Turkish cases with intracranial @entity8434 have been published since 1960. Based on the records of these cases, the clinical data, neuroradiological findings, treatment, and outcome of intracranial @entity8434 are reviewed. Demographically seen, there was a substantial prevalence of male @entity1 --167 cases (61%). Most of the @entity1 with intracranial @entity8434 were from rural areas and the cysts were generally located in the cerebral hemispheres. In 100 @entity1 , two or three lobes were affected and the cysts were multiple in 53. This @entity277 was also reported in rare locations such as the ventricular system, extradural space, posterior fossa, pons, sella turcica, parasellar area, and cavernous sinus. Only 49 @entity1 (18%) had other organ @entity277 . The majority were operated on immediately after diagnosis was established. Operative mortality was 9% and @entity260 developed in 26 @entity1 . In my reference studies, only 16 cases of recurrence have been seen. This study confirms that hydatid disease is a difficult health problem in @entity233 and demonstrates that surgery plus chemotherapy has considerably improved the prognosis, but local disinfectant application is not useful to devitalize the cystic contents. The dimensions, localization and numbers of the cysts are important determinants of the outcome.

title: Intracranial @entity8434 in XXXX : its clinical presentation, diagnostic studies, surgical management, and outcome. A review of 276 cases.

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['Hydatid disease']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity277 :: ('MESH:D013984', 'Disease') :: ['infestation']

entities_list: @entity8434 :: ('MESH:D004443', 'Disease') :: ['hydatidosis']

answer: @entity233 :: (9103,Species) :: ['Turkey']


abstract: AIMS: To evaluate the clinical course and the characteristics of transient @entity2516 during intensive glycaemic control of severe hyperglycaemia. METHODS: 28 eyes of @entity1 with persistent @entity6 were included in this prospective study. During the observation period, @entity1 underwent general ophthalmological examination and A-mode scan ultrasonography was performed at each examination-at days 1, 3, and 7, and then once every week or every other week until recovery of @entity3467 . RESULTS: A transient hyperopic change occurred in all @entity1 receiving improved control after hyperglycaemia. Hyperopic change developed a mean of 3.4 (SD 2. 0) days after the onset of treatment, and reached a peak at 10.3 (6. 1) days, where the maximum hyperopic change in an eye was 1.47 (0. 87) D (range 0.50-3.75 D). Recovery of the previous refraction occurred between 14 and 84 days after the initial assessment. There was a positive correlation between the magnitude of the maximum hyperopic change and (1) the plasma @entity413 concentration on admission (p<0.01), (2) the HbA(1c) level on admission (p<0.005), (3) the daily rate of plasma @entity413 reduction over the first 7 days of treatment (p<0.001), (4) the number of days required for @entity3467 to reach its peak (p<0.001), and (5) the number of days required for the development and resolution of hyperopic changes (p<0.0001). There was a negative correlation between the maximum hyperopic change of an eye and baseline value of refraction (p<0.01). During transient @entity3467 , no significant changes were observed in the radius of the anterior corneal curvature, axial length, lens thickness, or depth of anterior chamber. CONCLUSIONS: The degree of transient @entity3467 associated with rapid correction of hyperglycaemia is highly dependent on the rate of reduction of the plasma @entity413 level. A reduction of refractive index in intraocular tissues, especially in lens, appears to be responsible for this hyperopic change.

title: Refractive changes in XXXX @entity1 during intensive glycaemic control.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity2516 :: ('MESH:D012030', 'Disease') :: ['refractive error occurring']

entities_list: @entity3467 :: ('MESH:D006956', 'Disease') :: ['hyperopia']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetic']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Roma constitute a large minority in several Central European countries, with a mostly disadvantaged societal and health position. The aim of this study was to assess biological and other @entity65 ( @entity65 ) risk factors in @entity1 living in Roma settlements and to compare them with non-Roma. METHODS: We used data from the cross-sectional Hepa-Meta study conducted in Slovakia. The sample consisted of 452 Roma (mean age  =  34.7, 35.2  % @entity1 ) and 403 non-Roma (mean age  =  33.5, 45.9  % @entity1 ). The effect of ethnicity was analysed using logistic regression adjusted for age and stratified by gender. RESULTS: Roma were more likely to have @entity28 , low HDL @entity165 , normal total @entity165 , and to smoke than non-Roma. Moreover, Roma @entity1 were more likely to have @entity1144 and Roma @entity1 to have normal LDL @entity165 than non-Roma. No significant differences by ethnicity were found regarding hypertriglyceridaemia, hyperglycaemia and @entity101 . CONCLUSIONS: Our study confirmed higher rates of some @entity65 risk factors in Roma compared with non-Roma. Our findings call for interventions aiming at decreasing @entity65 risks and improving health literacy among Roma, to reduce @entity65 morbidity and premature mortality.

title: Is the cardiovascular risk profile of XXXX living in Roma settlements worse in comparison with the majority population in Slovakia?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'people', 'men']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity1144 :: ('MESH:D056128', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal obesity']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['CVD', 'cardiovascular diseases']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['people']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the diagnosis and treatment of @entity1369 -producing adrenal cortical @entity5 . METHODS: From 1978 to February 2001, 149 @entity1 with @entity1369 -producing adrenal cortical @entity5 were diagnosed and treated. Of these @entity1 , 148 had @entity652 and 1 had @entity1636 . The diagnosis was all confirmed by surgery and pathological studies. RESULTS: The diagnostic specificity of retroperitoneal pneumography, B-ultrasonography and CT scan are 39%, 67% and 95.3% respectively. It was found that there were significant differences of diagnostic specificity between retroperitoneal pneumography and B-ultrasonography, CT scan (chi2 = 23.89, P < 0.05) and there were significant differences between B-ultrasonography and CT scan (chi2 = 32.10, P < 0.05). In all the patients, serum @entity972 level elevated to normal range within 1 month postoperatively. In 110 cases out of 149, the blood pressure dropped to normal range within two months after surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Appropriate treatment depends on correct qualitative diagnosis and localization of the causative lesion. B-ultrasonography and CT scan play an important role in diagnosis. Surgery is the major treatment, including laparoscopic adrenalectomy. Factors affecting the therapeutic outcome are aging systemic @entity455 and long duration of the disease.

title: [Clinical analysis of 149 cases of @entity1369 -producing adrenal cortical XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity1369 :: ('MESH:D000450', 'Chemical') :: ['aldosterone']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity1636 :: ('MESH:D018268', 'Disease') :: ['adrenal cortical carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['adrenal adenoma']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['neoplasms']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Psychosocial risk factors are known to have a negative impact on @entity301 morbidity and mortality. The aim of our study was to establish contribution of @entity308 on hospital length of stay in @entity1 with acute coronary events. @entity308 screening was performed in the Chapidze Center, Tbilisi Georgia. Main inclusion criteria in the study were acute coronary events - non-ST elevation @entity583 or @entity1459 . The total nomber of @entity1 was 84. A binary logistic regression was used in order to assess contribution of @entity308 on prolonged hospital stay. The mean age for both genders was 59.2 (10.2) years. Most @entity1 had coronary risk factors. Higher BDI score was found in elderly @entity1 , females, and in those with @entity299 as well as in whom revascularization was not performed. In binary logistic regression model @entity583 and @entity308 were found to be significant contributors of prolonged hospital stay. @entity308 contribute independently to prolongation of hospital stay in @entity1 with @entity3257 .

title: ASSOCIATION OF DEPRESSION WITH HOSPITAL LENGTH OF STAY IN XXXX WITH ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression', 'depression', 'Depressive symptoms']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary disease']

entities_list: @entity1459 :: ('MESH:D000789', 'Disease') :: ['unstable angina']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['systolic dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['PATIENTS']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The essential issue in conservative treatment is the quality in breast preservation. When risk factors for local relapse exist, a @entity5 bed boost is required, but the boost choice remains controversial. Prospectively, we studied long-term @entity137 , cosmetic outcome and prognostic factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: After conservative treatment, 115 @entity1 received a single dose of 7  Gy @entity3831 -brachytherapy ( @entity3831 -BT) boost between June 1996 and December 2005. Late @entity137 was assessed using the LENT-SOMA scale. For esthetic assessment, a subjective scale was used for @entity1 and a modified Fehlauer scale for physicians. Mean age was 56.6  years. @entity513 (78  %) and lumpectomy (60  %) were predominantly reported. 48  % received chemotherapy (CT). RESULTS: Regarding @entity137 , 39  % of @entity1 reported @entity5026 , 75  % @entity82 , 56  % @entity8721 , 19  % lymphoedema, and 51  % retraction/ @entity194 . Concerning management, 22  % of @entity1 with @entity158 and 45  % with lymphoedema were treated. The esthetic result was found satisfactory by 96  % of the @entity1 and 85  % of the physicians. @entity82 was influenced by CT and a larger irradiated volume and @entity8721 by a greater implant volume. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3831 -BT boost shows good cosmetic effects with acceptable @entity137 . @entity1 overestimate the esthetic outcome. LENT/SOMA is useful to assess chronic @entity137 .

title: Conservative surgery, external radiotherapy, and XXXX brachytherapy in a single fraction of 7  Gy in early breast cancer: long-term @entity137 and esthetic assessment.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis', 'Fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity8721 :: ('MESH:D013684', 'Disease') :: ['telangiectasias']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity5026 :: ('MESH:D059373', 'Disease') :: ['breast pain']

entities_list: @entity513 :: ('MESH:D044584', 'Disease') :: ['Invasive ductal carcinoma']

answer: @entity3831 :: (MESH:C537907,Disease) :: ['HDR']


abstract: The aim of the study was to reveal @entity7994 features of @entity10067 and @entity1463 of the hippocampus in @entity1 with @entity302 . Twenty-four @entity1 who underwent the surgery with @entity302 were studied. The results of pre-surgical @entity7994 and histological studies of the removed cortex were compared. The signs of @entity10067 in the lesion area were found in @entity1 with oncologic and @entity75 . In @entity1 with @entity1463 of the hippocampus, such specific sign as the T2-signal elevation was not seen in all cases. Though @entity7994 is a highly sensitive method for detecting @entity6795 , it does not allow to differentiate significantly different types of this pathology. Even in the presence of typical signs of @entity10067 , its real boundaries may spread beyond the clearly visualized lesion. In the absence of typical signs of @entity10067 , one should take into account non-specific signs in the comparison with clinical and neurophysiologic data. In @entity1463 of the hippocampus, the changes in the signal intensity were not constantly seen and the decrease in the volume of the structure was a main diagnostic sign. In the cases of so-called "medial @entity25474 ", any changes in hippocampus volume may be diagnostically important.

title: [Magnetic-resonance tomography in the diagnosis of hystogically verified XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['non-oncologic lesions']

entities_list: @entity6795 :: ('MESH:D054220', 'Disease') :: ['cortical dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity1463 :: ('MESH:D012598', 'Disease') :: ['sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['symptomatic epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity10067 :: ('MESH:C537067', 'Disease') :: ['focal cortical dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity25474 :: ('MESH:C536956', 'Disease') :: ['temporal epilepsy']

answer: @entity75 :: (MESH:D001927,Disease) :: ['epileptogenic lesions']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the feasibility and safety of nonmyeloablative allogeneic stem-cell transplantation in @entity1 with metastatic @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ) and to evaluate efficacy with respect to engraftment and @entity5 regression. @entity1 AND METHODS: Between February 1999 and June 2001, @entity1 with refractory, metastatic @entity1358 were screened for enrollment. A @entity3118 and @entity786 -based conditioning regimen was used. @entity1 received granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-mobilized, unmanipulated stem cells from a 6/6 HLA-matched sibling donor. Prophylaxis against graft rejection and @entity2132 ( @entity2132 ) included @entity1140 and @entity618 . RESULTS: A total of 284 @entity1 with metastatic @entity1358 were seen during this time period. Eighty-four @entity1 who had siblings available for HLA typing were actively screened for enrollment, and 15 @entity1 have undergone treatment. Durable donor engraftment was achieved in one of the first four @entity1 treated. @entity1 no. 5 through 15 received a more immunosuppressive conditioning regimen, and all have achieved sustained donor engraftment. In the 12 @entity1 with at least 180 days of follow-up, acute @entity2132 has occurred in two @entity1 and chronic @entity2132 in six @entity1 , with four transplant-related mortalities. Four partial responses have been observed (response rate, 33% in all @entity1 ; 44% in the nine @entity1 with sustained donor engraftment). CONCLUSION: Nonmyeloablative allogeneic stem-cell transplantation is feasible for a minority of @entity1 with metastatic @entity1358 . Adequately immunosuppressive conditioning is required for sustained donor engraftment, which is required for an antitumor response. Acute and chronic @entity2132 are the major causes of substantial morbidity and mortality. @entity1358 is susceptible to a graft-versus- @entity5 effect promoted by allogeneic stem-cell transplantation.

title: Allogeneic stem-cell transplantation of XXXX after nonmyeloablative chemotherapy: feasibility, engraftment, and clinical results.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity3118 :: ('MESH:C024352', 'Chemical') :: ['fludarabine']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['renal cell cancer', 'Metastatic RCC', 'RCC']

entities_list: @entity2132 :: ('MESH:D006086', 'Disease') :: ['GVHD', 'graft-versus-host disease']

entities_list: @entity618 :: ('MESH:C063008', 'Chemical') :: ['mycophenolate mofetil']

entities_list: @entity1140 :: ('MESH:D016559', 'Chemical') :: ['tacrolimus']

answer: @entity1358 :: (MESH:D002292,Disease) :: ['renal cell cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: @entity14495 of the tendons and aponeuroses (CCSTA) is an aggressive, rare soft-tissue @entity5 with approximately 300 reported cases. Although it appears to be histogenetically related to @entity320 , its clinical behavior resembles soft tissue sarcoma with a propensity for lymph node @entity3 . We report our experience at a tertiary @entity5 center. METHODS: Eight cases of CCSTA evaluated at Roswell Park @entity5 Institute between 1970 and 1998 were reviewed retrospectively. @entity1 data analyzed included @entity1 age, gender, anatomic location, size of @entity5 , development of local, regional and distant recurrence, and @entity1 status at last follow up. RESULTS: Six of eight @entity1 were alive at 2 years, while three of seven @entity1 were alive at 5 years. Of the @entity1 alive with no evidence of recurrence, two had @entity5 of less than 2 cm, and the remaining @entity1 had incomplete information regarding @entity5 size. Five @entity1 recurred within 2 years of definitive surgical management. Four had @entity5 > 5 cm. All five @entity1 progressed to @entity3 at a median follow up of 20 months (range 1-108 months) following definitive surgical management and all eventually died of their disease at a median of 3 months (range 0-24 months) from presentation with @entity3 . Four of five @entity1 with lesions > 5 cm received adjuvant chemotherapy with intent to cure, but all eventually died of disease at 4, 22, 34, and 41 months from initial presentation. CONCLUSIONS: CCSTA is an aggressive @entity5 of the soft tissues. Early recognition and management are associated with an excellent long-term prognosis. @entity5 greater than 5 cm warrant aggressive surgical management and treatment, and are at high risk of the development of distant disease. @entity146 multiagent chemotherapy appeared to have no impact on outcome. Other adjuvant therapeutic options including immunotherapy should be investigated.

title: XXXX : the Roswell Park experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['Aggressive']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumors', 'cancer', 'Cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity14495 :: ('MESH:D018227', 'Disease') :: ['Clear cell sarcoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases', 'metastatic disease']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma']

answer: @entity14495 :: (MESH:D018227,Disease) :: ['Clear cell sarcoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study was undertaken to determine the predictive value of the symptom of stress @entity322 and to evaluate the ability of other factors suggested by a published Agency for Health Care Policy and Research guideline for the discrimination of @entity1 unlikely to require urodynamic testing before surgical management. STUDY DESIGN: We evaluated 950 consecutive @entity1 without @entity530 who were referred with symptoms of @entity322 . @entity322 was recorded by means of standard forms and was characterized as "any @entity393 " (76.4%), "primarily @entity393 " (58.9%), " @entity393 only" (29.8%), "stress and urge loss" (52.2%), "urge loss only" (13.8%), "constant and @entity393 " (1.9%), or "constant loss" (2.3%). Other variables were assessed by means of a standardized history, physical examination (including urethral @entity204 and stress test), 1-week urinary diary, and postvoid residual volume measurement. A urodynamic diagnosis of pure genuine @entity3142 was used as the criterion standard. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were calculated. @entity2357 models incorporating various combinations of @entity393 only, previous prolapse or @entity322 surgery, @entity2183 , voiding frequency, @entity6369 , and postvoid residual volume <100 mL (the factors recommended by the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research guidelines), along with age and race as predictors of genuine @entity3142 , were constructed to evaluate the predictive ability of the guideline in a subset of 447 @entity1 for whom data on all variables were available. RESULTS: Of the entire population 480 (50.5%) had pure genuine @entity3142 , 134 (14.1%) had both genuine @entity3142 and detrusor instability, 180 (18.9%) had pure detrusor instability, and 40 (4.2%) had @entity1690 . Fifty-four (5.7%) had normal study results, and 62 (6.5%) had other nonincontinence diagnoses. Among the subjects with symptoms of @entity393 only, 10.8% did not have genuine @entity3142 confirmed on urodynamic examination. Agency for Health Care Policy and Research guideline criteria had excellent discrimination (C statistic of 0.807) compared with the sole criterion of stress @entity322 only (C statistic of 0.574), with a positive predictive value of 85.7%. Only 7.8% of subjects met all the criteria, however, and 5.7% of these ultimately had a urodynamic diagnosis of either detrusor instability or normal study result. CONCLUSION: The predictive value of stress symptoms alone was not high enough to serve as the basis for surgical management. Agency for Health Care Policy and Research guidelines improved the predictive value but were applicable to only a small subset of @entity1 referred with @entity322 .

title: Which @entity1 with XXXX require urodynamic evaluation?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity6369 :: ('MESH:D014526', 'Disease') :: ['urethral hypermobility']

entities_list: @entity1690 :: ('MESH:D046628', 'Disease') :: ['intrinsic sphincter deficiency']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['urinary incontinence', 'incontinence', 'Incontinence']

entities_list: @entity2357 :: ('MESH:C537770', 'Disease') :: ['Logistic regression']

entities_list: @entity530 :: ('MESH:D010386', 'Disease') :: ['advanced (stage III or IV) pelvic organ prolapse']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['stress loss']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['axis determination']

entities_list: @entity3142 :: ('MESH:D014550', 'Disease') :: ['stress incontinence']

answer: @entity3142 :: (MESH:D014550,Disease) :: ['stress incontinence']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Adolescent @entity1068 ( @entity167 ) exposure is a significant health concern due to the potential long-term effects of @entity167 on the developing brain. However, few studies have assessed how exposure to @entity167 during adolescence influences the response of adults to @entity167 after a long period of withdrawal. This study was designed to assess long-term changes in EEG activity after @entity167 challenge in adult @entity35 exposed to @entity167 during adolescence. METHODS: Male @entity35 (n = 24) were exposed to @entity167 vapor for 5 days (12 hr/day) between postnatal days 35 and 40. After maturing to adulthood, @entity35 were implanted with cortical, amygdalar, and hippocampal electrodes. Then EEG activity after @entity167 challenge (0.0-1.5 g/kg) was assessed. RESULTS: There were no EEG differences between groups under baseline or vehicle conditions, but @entity167 did have differential behavioral and electrophysiological effects when adolescent @entity1068 -exposed @entity35 were compared with controls. After 1.5 g/kg @entity167 , @entity1068 -exposed @entity35 displayed decreased behavioral indexes of intoxication. In addition, @entity167 significantly increased 4 to 6 Hz power in the hippocampus and parietal cortex of the control group but had no effect on 4 to 6 Hz power in the @entity1068 -exposed group in either of these brain regions. @entity167 produced maximal increases in cortical EEG variability in control @entity35 after 1.5 g/kg @entity167 but produced maximal increases in cortical EEG variability in @entity1068 -exposed @entity35 after 1.0 g/kg @entity167 . As a result, @entity1068 -induced increases in EEG variability after 1.5 g/kg @entity1068 were blunted in the @entity1068 -exposed group compared with the control group. CONCLUSIONS: These data demonstrate persistent and brain-region-specific changes in the neurobehavioral effects of acute @entity167 challenge in adult @entity35 exposed to @entity167 during adolescence in the absence of baseline neurophysiological differences. Decreased EEG responses to high doses of @entity167 combined with decreased behavioral measures of intoxication suggest that adolescent @entity1068 exposure produces long-lasting tolerance to the sedative effects of @entity1068 .

title: Altered EEG responses to XXXX in adult @entity35 exposed to @entity1068 during adolescence.

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague Dawley rats', 'rats']

answer: @entity1068 :: (MESH:D000431,Chemical) :: ['ethanol']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity6477 ( @entity6477 ) is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Whether the volume effect of the @entity1410 and increase of @entity428 ( @entity428 ) or the local effect of blood are responsible for this severe pathophysiology is unclear. Therefore, we compared subdural infusion of autologous blood and paraffin oil in a @entity35 model of @entity6477 . In a histological study, we investigated the effects on acute @entity428 , cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP), cerebral blood flow (CBF), tissue @entity26 changes, and @entity75 at 2, 24, and 96   h post-infusion. Inflammatory reaction was analyzed by immuno-staining for microglia (ionized @entity460 binding adaptor molecule 1 [ @entity16339 ]) and activated astrocytes ( @entity40 [ @entity40 ]). Besides acute @entity428 and CBF changes, we investigated the development of behavior (neuroscore and beamwalk test) for up to 4 days after injury in a behavioral study. Despite comparably increased @entity428 , there was a more pronounced lesion growth in the blood infusion group during the first 96   h. Further, there was an increased peri-lesional immunoreactive area of @entity16339 and @entity40 96   h post-infusion, primarily in the blood infusion group, whereas @entity131 was comparable in both infusion groups. In the behavioral evaluation, @entity982 -infused animals showed a better recovery, compared with the blood infusion group. In conclusion, comparable acute time-course of @entity428 , CPP, and CBF clearly indicates that the differences in lesion size, inflammatory reaction, and @entity146 after blood- and paraffin oil-induced @entity6477 are partially due to blood constituents. Therefore, current data suggest that @entity3439 should be completely removed as quickly as possible; decompression alone may not be sufficient to prevent secondary @entity75 .

title: Blood Aggravates Histological and Functional Damage after Acute Subdural @entity1410 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['hippocampal damage']

entities_list: @entity3439 :: ('MESH:D006408', 'Disease') :: ['subdural hematomas']

entities_list: @entity428 :: ('MESH:D019586', 'Disease') :: ['ICP', 'intracranial pressure']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain damage']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['behavioral deficits']

entities_list: @entity982 :: ('MESH:D010232', 'Chemical') :: ['paraffin']

entities_list: @entity6477 :: ('MESH:D020199', 'Disease') :: ['ASDH', 'Acute subdural hematoma']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity40 :: ('24387(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['GFAP', 'glial fibrillary acidic protein']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['Rats']


abstract: The @entity35 aldolase A gene contains two alternative promoters and two alternative first exons. The distal promoter M is expressed at a high level only in skeletal muscle. Previous in vitro transfection studies identified the region from -202 to -85 as an enhancer that is responsible for dramatic activation during the differentiation of @entity1573 primary myoblasts. This enhancer contains an A/T-rich sequence resembling the @entity1605 motif, which is an important element of muscle enhancers and promoters. In this study, we demonstrate that the @entity1605 sequence is essential but not sufficient for the activity of the enhancer. Another region required for the activity was recognized by a nuclear factor, tentatively named @entity48763 . @entity48763 was found in both muscle cells and nonmuscle cells, and @entity48763 from both cell types was indistinguishable by gel retardation and @entity3420 footprint experiments. The sequence required for @entity48763 binding is very similar to the MEF-3 motif, which is an element of the skeletal muscle-specific enhancer of the cardiac troponin C gene. Because @entity48763 and MEF-3 are closely related in both recognition sequence and distribution, @entity48763 and MEF-3 probably represent the same nuclear factor which may play an important role in muscle gene transcription. Thus, the muscle-specific induction of the aldolase A gene is governed by muscle-specific @entity1605 and existing MEF-3 ( @entity48763 ).

title: The MEF-3 motif is required for @entity1605 -mediated skeletal muscle-specific induction of the XXXX aldolase A gene.

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: To improve the efficacy and tolerance of the @entity1487 ( @entity1487 )/ @entity900 combination in metastatic @entity418 , we designed a new therapeutic schedule, the HLFP regimen. 42 @entity1 with metastatic @entity420 (n=10) or @entity957 (n=32) were prospectively enrolled in the study. All had bidimensionally measurable disease. The HLFP regimen consisted of twice-monthly oral administration of @entity1862 1 g/m(2) on days 0, 1 and 2; a 2-h infusion of @entity4181 200 mg/m(2) and a bolus of @entity1487 400 mg/m(2) followed by a 22-h infusion of @entity1487 600 mg/m(2) on days 1 and 2; and, every two cycles, 80 mg/m(2) @entity900 on day 3. Relief of @entity1282 and other symptoms were monitored, together with body weight changes. Major objective responses were observed in 24 @entity1 (57%, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 42-72%), including four complete responses (10%). The median progression-free survival and overall survival times were 8 and 12.7 months, respectively. Weight gain was observed in 48% of @entity1 , and @entity1282 improved in 76%. Grade 3-4 @entity137 occurred in 40% of @entity1 , with grade 4 @entity1398 in 12% and grade 3 @entity882 , @entity391 and @entity294 in 7-9% of @entity1 . There were no treatment-related @entity204 . These results suggest that the HLFP regimen is an active and well-tolerated chemotherapy for metastatic @entity189 .

title: Optimisation of XXXX ( @entity1487 )/ @entity900 combination chemotherapy with a new schedule of @entity1862 , @entity4181 , @entity1487 and @entity900 (HLFP regimen) for metastatic oesophageal cancer.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4181 :: ('MESH:D002955', 'Chemical') :: ['leucovorin']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity1862 :: ('MESH:D006918', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxyurea']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhoea']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['oesophageal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity418 :: ('MESH:D004938', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal cancer']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['dysphagia']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['oesophageal adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity1487 :: (MESH:D005472,Chemical) :: ['5-fluorouracil']


abstract: In a retrospective multicenter study we followed-up 30 @entity174 of the neck of the femur in @entity1 aged 11 years (1.5-15 years) for 4.8 years (0.5-20.0 years). It is the aim of this study to analyse factors possibly related to outcome, like age at injury, type of @entity174 , interval between injury and treatment, method of stabilization and postoperative interval until full weight bearing. At follow-up subjective parameters ( @entity158 , weather sensitiveness), clinical parameters (range of motion, claudication, @entity3656 ) and radiological parameters (hip series) were investigated and medical charts and roentgenograms were reviewed using a standardized protocol. 29 of 30 @entity1 (96.7%) have sustained displaced @entity174 . Non-operative treatment has been applied in 4 @entity1 . 26 @entity2249 (type I: 1, type II: 8, type III: 17) were stabilized by internal fixation using screws and/or pins. Following non-operative treatment one @entity1 suffered a @entity3192 and another @entity1 suffered a avascular femoral @entity39 in combination with @entity3192 and leg length shortening of 4 cm. Following operative treatment 9 of 26 @entity1 (34.6%) suffered a avascular femoral @entity39 and 3 @entity1 (11.5%) suffered a @entity3192 . In 6 of 26 @entity1 (23%) we observed @entity3656 > 2 cm. We were not able to demonstrate any significant follow-up result differencies between the groups of @entity1 who have sustained @entity174 , or between the groups of @entity1 aged < 10 years when compared to @entity1 aged > 10 years, or between the group of @entity1 who were operated on within 6 hours after the accident when compared to the group of @entity1 operated > 6 hours after the accident. We observed no significant follow-up result differences between the groups of @entity1 who had different intervals between operation and full weight bearing. Operative @entity174 management remains the treatment of choice in the majority of displaced @entity2249 in @entity1 . However, in our limited study we were not able to demonstrate any significant follow-up result differences between the group of @entity1 treated by immediate open reduction and internal fixation (interval injury - operation < 6 hours) when compared to @entity1 who had been operated > 6 hours after the injury.

title: [ XXXX in childhood].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'child']

entities_list: @entity3656 :: ('MESH:D007870', 'Disease') :: ['leg length discrepancies']

entities_list: @entity2249 :: ('MESH:D005265', 'Disease') :: ['femoral neck fractures']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'type II or type III fractures', 'fracture']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['head necrosis']

answer: @entity2249 :: (MESH:D005265,Disease) :: ['Femoral neck fractures']


abstract: PURPOSE: To compare the sensitivity and specificity of four approaches to @entity726 screening. METHODS: Case @entity1 were @entity1 with possible, probable, or definite glaucomatous @entity1781 , as judged by a @entity726 specialist using Humphrey 24-2 threshold findings and clinical assessment of disc and nerve fiber layer, identified in the population-based Baltimore Eye Survey Follow-up Study. Control @entity1 were @entity1 in the same study, frequency-matched for age, without evidence of glaucomatous @entity1781 . @entity1 underwent optic disc photography (Topcon ImageNet), disc imaging (GlaucomaScope), scanning laser polarimetry (Nerve Fiber Analyzer), and suprathreshold field testing (Dicon). RESULTS: A total of 100 case @entity1 with @entity1538 and 149 control @entity1 were included. Objective imaging had the best screening performance. For the GlaucomaScope, a criterion of cup-to-disc ratio of -0.68 had a sensitivity of 72% and specificity of 82% for detecting eyes with definite or probable glaucomatous @entity1781 . For the nerve fiber layer, a criterion of The Number as > or = 20 had a sensitivity of 69% and specificity of 77% for detecting eyes with definite or probable glaucomatous @entity1781 . Usable data could be obtained in 93% of @entity1 with the Dicon and the Nerve Fiber Analyzer and in 82% and 87% of @entity1 with the GlaucomaScope and Topcon instruments, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Vertical cup-to-disc ratio, as measured by the GlaucomaScope or Topcon instruments, and the Nerve Fiber Layer neural network Number had the best combination of sensitivity and specificity among the instruments tested. The Nerve Fiber Analyzer had the highest percentage of @entity1 with usable data.

title: Screening performance of functional and structural measurements of neural damage in XXXX : a case-control study from the Baltimore Eye Survey.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'Participants', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity1781 :: ('MESH:D009901', 'Disease') :: ['optic nerve damage']

entities_list: @entity1538 :: ('MESH:D005902', 'Disease') :: ['open-angle glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['glaucoma']

answer: @entity1538 :: (MESH:D005902,Disease) :: ['open-angle glaucoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To detail the biology and diagnostic usefulness of serum @entity1904 in @entity3124 . DATA SOURCES: A review of articles published in peer reviewed journals from 1990 to 2001 and identified through a MEDLINE search on @entity1904 . SUMMARY OF REVIEW: @entity1904 (PCT) is a prohormone of @entity175 . Serum levels are elevated during @entity295 and have been identified as a potential marker of @entity281 in @entity3124 . However, its function and precise source of origin during @entity295 remain unclear. The value of estimating serum PCT appears to be in the differentiation of infectious from non-infectious forms of @entity1850 . A number of studies also point to its usefulness in distinguishing between bacterial and @entity1393 . However, there are a number of non-infectious conditions, where elevations in serum PCT occur, reducing its specificity. Its superiority as a marker of @entity295 compared with other acute phase reactants continues to be debated. CONCLUSIONS: The utility of serum @entity1904 as a diagnostic test of @entity295 is still under evaluation. Moreover, a number of unanswered questions remain regarding the biological role of PCT during @entity295 , its target receptors and its protective value to the @entity1 .

title: @entity1904 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity175 :: ('MESH:D002116', 'Chemical') :: ['calcitonin']

entities_list: @entity1904 :: ('MESH:C029100', 'Chemical') :: ['procalcitonin', 'Procalcitonin']

entities_list: @entity3124 :: ('MESH:D016638', 'Disease') :: ['critical illness']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity1850 :: ('MESH:D018746', 'Disease') :: ['systemic inflammatory response syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1393 :: ('MESH:D008587', 'Disease') :: ['viral meningitis']

answer: @entity3124 :: (MESH:D016638,Disease) :: ['critical illness']