abstract: BACKGROUND: Preeclampsia and @entity453 share risk factors, suggesting common pathophysiological mechanisms. @entity9173 / @entity17184 mediates leukocyte migration and adhesion and has been implicated in the pathophysiology of several inflammatory diseases. M280/I249 variants of @entity9173 are associated with an atheroprotective effect and reduced @entity409 . The aim of this study was to search for an association between @entity22811 and @entity22810 polymorphisms of @entity9173 , @entity1468 and @entity409 . METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We explored these polymorphisms with real-time polymerase chain reaction in a case-control study (184 white @entity1 with @entity1468 and 184 matched normotensive pregnant @entity1 ). @entity409 biomarkers including @entity2880 factor, @entity4725 and @entity9820 , as well as the soluble form of @entity17184 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). The I249 and M280 alleles were associated neither with @entity1468 , nor with its more severe form or with endothelial injury. In contrast, we found a trend toward increased @entity17184 levels in @entity1468 @entity1 , especially in early-onset- @entity1468 as compared to its level in later-onset- @entity1468 . CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: This is the first study to characterize the @entity9173 gene polymorphisms in @entity1 with @entity1468 . We found no differences in genotype or haplotype frequencies between @entity1 with PE and normal pregnancies, suggesting that maternal @entity9173 @entity22811 and @entity22810 polymorphisms do not increase susceptibility to @entity1468 . Further studies should be performed to directly evaluate the pathophysiological role of @entity17184 , a molecule abundantly expressed in endometrium, which has been shown to stimulate @entity1 trophoblast migration.

title: Search for an association between XXXX and @entity22810 @entity9173 genetic polymorphisms, endothelial injury and preeclampsia: the ECLAXIR study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'human']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['endothelial dysfunction', 'Endothelial dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1468 :: ('MESH:D011225', 'Disease') :: ['preeclampsia']

entities_list: @entity9820 :: ('7056', 'Gene') :: ['thrombomodulin']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary-artery disease']

entities_list: @entity2880 :: ('MESH:D014842', 'Disease') :: ['von Willebrand']

answer: @entity22811 :: (p|SUB|V|249|I,ProteinMutation) :: ['V249I']


abstract: Tolerance of the @entity235 heart to prolonged @entity63 was studied in 10 hearts from normal control @entity235 and 15 hearts from @entity235 with @entity4346 ( @entity4346 ); experiments were performed 1 year after banding the aorta in 8-week-old puppies. At 1 year, hemodynamic studies revealed decreased left ventricular (LV) fiber shortening and elevated end-diastolic pressure (EDP) in five @entity235 (group with @entity4346 ); 10 @entity235 exhibited normal shortening and normal EDP (group with @entity4346 ). The left ventricle-to-body weight ratio (g/kg) was 4.4 +/- 0.8 in the control group of @entity235 , 7.7 +/- 1.0 in the group with @entity4346 , and 10 +/- 2.5 in the group with @entity4346 . The tolerance to 60 minutes of global @entity63 (37 degrees C) followed by 90 minutes of reperfusion was studied in an isolated blood-perfused heart apparatus (isovolumic left ventricle, coronary perfusion pressure of 100 mm Hg). In the baseline (preischemic) state, coronary blood flow, myocardial @entity26 consumption, @entity880 extraction, and myocardial high-energy @entity4613 content were essentially equal in the three groups; with LV volume adjusted to produce a systolic pressure of 100 mm Hg, there were no significant differences in LVEDP among the three groups. During @entity63 , the diastolic (asystolic) pressure increased from 11 +/- 3 to 28 +/- 16 mm Hg (p less than 0.05) in the group with @entity4346 ; however, it did not increase in the control or the @entity4346 groups. Myocardial @entity855 levels declined equally in all three groups. During early reperfusion, @entity880 washout was lowest in the group with @entity4346 . By 90 minutes of reperfusion, there were no significant differences in coronary blood flow, myocardial @entity26 consumption, @entity880 extraction, or high-energy @entity4613 levels. High diastolic pressure persisted at 90 minutes of reperfusion in the @entity4346 group (EDP was 34 +/- 19 mm Hg); however, there was no significant change in EDP during reperfusion in the control or with @entity4346 groups. After 90 minutes of reperfusion, developed pressures in the control (54 +/- 9 mm Hg), the @entity4346 (49 +/- 18 mm Hg), and the @entity4346 (67 +/- 17 mm Hg) groups were not significantly different. These data indicate that hearts with compensated @entity4346 do not exhibit an impaired tolerance to @entity63 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: Tolerance of the hypertrophic heart to @entity63 . Studies in compensated and failing XXXX hearts with pressure overload hypertrophy.

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia', 'ischemic arrest']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity4346 :: ('MESH:D017379', 'Disease') :: ['LVH failure', 'LVH compensation', 'LVH', 'left ventricular hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['dog']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To present a case of an elderly @entity1 with noninsulinoma @entity4053 (NIPHS) and to determine the pathogenesis of this syndrome. METHODS: The pancreas of our @entity1 with NIPHS was immunocytochemically stained for @entity2690 -, glucagon-, and @entity1943 -secreting cells and @entity788 ( @entity5908 ). The clinical findings and morphologic and immunocytochemical analyses of the islets of our @entity1 are described, along with a review of related published reports. RESULTS: A 78-year-old @entity1 presented with hyperinsulinemic @entity4053 , with episodes unrelated to meals or fasting. An @entity9608 could not be localized by preoperative imaging or by intraoperative ultrasonography or palpation. He underwent a 70% distal pancreatectomy. For assessment of the possibility that a nuclear transcription factor regulating islet beta-cell growth and development is overexpressed in this disease and is responsible for diffuse islet hyperfunction and proliferation of beta-cells, pancreatic sections from our @entity1 were stained immunocytochemically for @entity5908 , @entity2690 , glucagon, and @entity1943 . Morphologic findings were compared with pancreatic sections from normal control @entity1 and normative data reported in the literature. Clinical findings and morphologic analyses were consistent with NIPHS. Islets were arranged in long clusters, both in the pancreatic tissue and in peripancreatic adipose tissue. Islets were small but increased in number, and @entity2690 , glucagon, and @entity1943 were present in the islets. The relative intensity of @entity2690 staining was increased in our @entity1 in comparison with that in the control @entity1 , and @entity5908 was not overexpressed. CONCLUSION: The etiopathogenesis of NIPHS in this @entity1 involved (1) an increased number of islets with development of ectopic islets in the peripancreatic adipose tissue; (2) alpha- and delta- as well as beta-cell proliferation; and (3) an early step in the development of the islet not involving overexpression of @entity5908 .

title: Noninsulinoma XXXX : quantitative and immunohistochemical analyses of islet cells for @entity2690 , glucagon, @entity1943 , and @entity788 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic and duodenal homeobox protein']

entities_list: @entity9608 :: ('MESH:D007340', 'Disease') :: ['insulinoma']

entities_list: @entity4053 :: ('MESH:D007003', 'Disease') :: ['hypoglycemia', 'pancreatogenous hypoglycemia syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1943 :: ('MESH:D013004', 'Chemical') :: ['somatostatin']

answer: @entity4053 :: (MESH:D007003,Disease) :: ['pancreatogenous hypoglycemia syndrome']


abstract: @entity1 with @entity10 account for approximately 2% of all @entity2613 visits, with @entity2704 being the most common defined primary @entity2794 . Our goals were to evaluate the efficacy of intravenous @entity2390 (OC) for the treatment of @entity2704 , when compared to standard therapy with @entity6916 . METHODS: The study was conducted as a double-blinded, randomized controlled trial. Each subject received either 100 microg of @entity2390 or 10 mg of @entity6916 intravenously for a 2-minute period. RESULTS: Comparison of the change in median visual analog scale scores for 60 minutes demonstrated that @entity2390 was less effective at reducing @entity158 (P = .03) and producing clinical success (P < .01). Restlessness consistent with @entity2146 was noted by 35% of the PC group and 8% of the OC group (P < .01). At 60 minutes, rescue medication was required by 48% of the @entity1 in the OC group, whereas 10% of the PC group required such therapy (P < .01). All 44 @entity1 were contacted for follow-up at 48 to 72 hours after enrollment. At that time, 10% of the @entity6916 and 25% of the @entity2390 @entity1 had experienced some @entity10 recurrence (P = .1). CONCLUSION: @entity6916 was statistically superior to @entity2390 in clinical success rate and decrease in @entity158 in @entity2704 @entity1 but caused more @entity2146 and sedation.

title: Randomized evaluation of XXXX vs @entity6916 for @entity2613 treatment of @entity2704 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity6916 :: ('MESH:D011346', 'Chemical') :: ['Prochlorperazine', 'prochlorperazine']

entities_list: @entity2704 :: ('MESH:D008881', 'Disease') :: ['migraine', 'migraines']

entities_list: @entity2794 :: ('MESH:D020773', 'Disease') :: ['headache syndrome']

entities_list: @entity2390 :: ('MESH:D015282', 'Chemical') :: ['octreotide']

entities_list: @entity2146 :: ('MESH:D011595', 'Disease') :: ['restlessness', 'akathisia']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache', 'headaches']

answer: @entity2390 :: (MESH:D015282,Chemical) :: ['octreotide']


abstract: Between January 2005 and May 2009, a total of 26 @entity1 , 21 males and 5 females, were admitted for treatment of @entity75 . All @entity1 were radiologically evaluated and classified according to the criteria proposed by Myerson: 5 (19.2%) @entity1 had a type A injury, 2 @entity1 (7.7%) presented with a type B1 injury, 17 (65.4%) sustained the most common type B2 injury and 1 (3.8%) @entity1 suffered from a type C1 and @entity1605 . Taking radiological and clinical findings in account, fifteen @entity1 were elected for operative treatment and eleven @entity1 were treated conservatively. According to type of @entity174 we established three groups; in group I metatarsal @entity174 was found in fourteen (53.9%) @entity1 , group II with phalangeal @entity174 in three (11.5%) cases, whereas in group III nine (34.6%) @entity1 sustained combined metatarsal, navicular and, most commonly, a cuneiform @entity174 . Using the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) midfoot scoring scale and SF-36 questionnaire, the functional outcome was assessed. The mean value for age distribution was 42.7 +/- 13.2 years and the mean follow up was 27.9 +/- 12.4 months. A p value < 0.005 was regarded as statistically significant for the analysis of the results. We found by means of SF 36 questionnaire a statistically significant difference in the role limitation due to existence of @entity158 (p = 0.04) and poor general health (p = 0.013) in the group of @entity1 that sustained combined foot @entity174 . The purpose of this study is to assess the treatment of @entity130 in our @entity1 , according to SF36 and AOFAS criteria, clinical outcome was evaluated. In the group I the mean AOFAS score was 74.0 +/- 9.1 and in the group II it reached 72.0 +/- 5.2 signifying fair outcome! Poor outcome was present in the group III with mean AOFAS score 67.1 +/- 9.0. All unstable injuries require surgery. Clinical outcome is highly dependent on the restoration of normal anatomic alignment.

title: XXXX : treatment and outcome.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['Lisfranc lesion']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['Lisfranc injuries']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['Injuries of the tarsometatarsal joints']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the incidence and pathologic correlation of @entity14968 ( @entity14968 ) findings in smoking-related @entity82 (SRIF) with @entity2542 . @entity1 AND METHODS: Our study included 172 consecutive @entity1 who underwent @entity14968 and subsequent lobectomy. @entity14968 findings including @entity45 with visible walls (CCVW) and ground-glass attenuation with/without reticulation (GGAR) were evaluated and compared in nonsmokers and smokers and among lung locations. @entity14968 findings, especially CCVW, were also compared with histological findings using lobectomy specimens. RESULTS: The incidence of CCVW and GGAR was significantly higher in smokers than in nonsmokers (34.1% and 40.7%, respectively, vs 2.0% and 12.2%). CCVW and GGAR were frequently found in the lower and peripheral zones. Histologically, CCVW corresponded more often with SRIF with @entity2415 than @entity2416 ( @entity2416 , 63.3% vs 30%). CCVW of irregular size and shape were seen in 19 of 20 SRIF with @entity2415 and in seven of nine @entity2416 -manifested areas with similar round cysts. A less-involved subpleural parenchyma was observed more frequently in SRIF with @entity2415 . CONCLUSION: SRIF with @entity2415 is a more frequent pathological finding than @entity2416 in @entity1 with CCVW on @entity14968 . The irregular size and shape of CCVW and a less-involved subpleural parenchyma may be a clue suggesting the presence of SRIF with @entity2415 .

title: Smoking-related @entity82 combined with XXXX : computed tomography-pathologic correlative study using lobectomy specimens.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['interstitial fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity14968 :: ('MESH:D013851', 'Disease') :: ['thin-section computed tomography', 'TSCT']

entities_list: @entity2415 :: ('MESH:D004646', 'Disease') :: ['emphysema']

entities_list: @entity2416 :: ('MESH:D054990', 'Disease') :: ['UIP', 'usual interstitial pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity45 :: ('MESH:D010181', 'Disease') :: ['clustered cysts']

entities_list: @entity2542 :: ('MESH:D011656', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary emphysema']

answer: @entity2542 :: (MESH:D011656,Disease) :: ['pulmonary emphysema']


abstract: @entity13768 ( @entity16549 ) @entity1346 elastomer is extensively used in soft lithography processes to fabricate microscale or nano scale systems for microfluidic or cell culture applications. Though @entity16549 is biocompatible, it is not an ideal material for cell culture due to its poor cell adhesion properties. In this study, @entity16549 surfaces were modified to promote intestinal cell adhesion, in the interest of testing feasibility of using microfabricated @entity16549 systems for high throughput drug screening. Modification techniques included changing chemical composition of @entity16549 (i.e., varying curing to mixing agent ratio, and oxidization of @entity16549 surface by @entity26 plasma), surface treatment of @entity16549 by coating with charged molecules (i.e., @entity10662 , @entity29061 , and a layer bylayer coating), and deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins (i.e., laminin, fibronectin, and collagen). The influence of these modifications on @entity16549 properties, including elastic modulus and surface properties (wettability, chemical composition, topography, and protein adsorption) were characterized. Modification techniques were all found to change @entity16549 properties and influence the attachment and proliferation of Caco-2 cells over three days of culture to varying degrees. Generally, Caco-2 cells preferred to attach on collagen-coated, fibronectin-coated, and fibronectin-coated @entity26 -plasma treated @entity16549 . The results highlight the importance of considering multiple physical and chemical factors that may be influenced by biomaterial modification and result in altered cell attachment to microfabricated systems, including surface hydrophobicity, chemical composition, @entity2693 , and topography. This study provides a foundation for further miniaturization, utilizing soft lithography techniques, of Caco-2 cell-based system for high-throughput screening of drug intestinal absorption during lead optimization in drug discovery. The understanding of different surface modifications on adjusting cell adhesion on @entity16549 allows systemic design of Biomicroelectromechanical Systems (BioMEMS) with tunable cell adhesion properties.

title: Chemical and physical modifications to XXXX surfaces affect adhesion of Caco-2 cells.

entities_list: @entity29061 :: ('CHEBI:16110', 'Chemical') :: ['L-alpha-phosphatidylcholine']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity1346 :: ('MESH:D012828', 'Chemical') :: ['silicone']

entities_list: @entity13768 :: ('MESH:C013830', 'Chemical') :: ['Polydimethylsiloxane']

entities_list: @entity10662 :: ('CHEBI:61489', 'Chemical') :: ['poly-D-lysine']

entities_list: @entity2693 :: ('MESH:C566112', 'Disease') :: ['stiffness']

answer: @entity13768 :: (MESH:C013830,Chemical) :: ['poly(dimethylsiloxane)']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: We compared characteristics of @entity565 in @entity1 from smoking and non-smoking families. OBJECTIVE: To examine if there was any difference in @entity565 in @entity1 exposed and not exposed to environmental @entity286 smoke (ETS). METHODS: We examined 231 asthmatic @entity1 and their parents. According to the questionnaire and @entity1223 (CO) values in exhaled air measured by Smokerlyzer, we divided the @entity1 in two groups: @entity1 from smoking and @entity1 from non-smoking families. We compared birth weight, birth length, the occurrence of the first broncho-obstruction, the number of @entity1729 and exacerbations per year, @entity565 severity, the number of hospitalizations, total IgE, Skin prick test and @entity56 manifestations. We examined the influence of parental educational level on smoking behaviour and how much money a smoking family spent on cigarettes. RESULTS: The @entity1 's average age was 10.6 years, there were 49% of @entity1 and 51% of @entity1 . We had 77% of smoking families, 45.9% of active smoking mothers and 51% of active smoking fathers. Smoking was more common among lower educated parents. A smoking family spent 7.3% of the family budget on cigarettes. The @entity1 from smoking families had more @entity56 manifestations. The @entity1 of smoking mothers had more @entity1729 (without a statistic difference in the second and third year) and more asthmatic exacerbations with a statistic difference after the third year. With parents who smoked, @entity1 had more severe @entity565 . There was no statistical difference in the following: birth weight, birth length, Skin prick test, total IgE, the first wheezing episode and the number of hospitalizations. However, in the group of 26 @entity1 with exhaled CO values higher than 6 ppm, birth weight was lower (3250 g vs. 3550 g), the first wheezing episode occurred earlier (2 years vs. 3.7 years) and total IgE was higher (702 IU/ml vs. 563 IU/ml) by more than two normal ranges (60 IU/ml). CONCLUSION: It is necessary to protect @entity1 with @entity565 from ETS because it has a negative impact on their illness.

title: [Influence of environmental XXXX smoke on characteristics of @entity565 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'girls', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity1223 :: ('MESH:D002248', 'Chemical') :: ['carbon monoxide']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic']

entities_list: @entity1729 :: ('MESH:D012141', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory infections']

answer: @entity286 :: (4097,Species) :: ['tobacco']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Pelvic floor damage is a major clinical problem usually attributed to @entity130 . We speculated that @entity1142 may also be an aetiological and preventable factor resulting from repeated stress on the perineum over many years, and this study aimed to test this hypothesis. METHODS: A total of 600 @entity1 attending a gynaecological clinic were assessed using a structured questionnaire gathering data on @entity3087 , @entity1142 . Complete data were available on 596 subjects. KEY RESULTS: The prevalence of @entity3087 was 10% (61/596). In this group, @entity1142 was identified in 31% (19/61) of @entity1 and @entity130 in 31% (19/61). In the group without @entity3087 , @entity1142 was present in 16% (86/535) and @entity130 in 16% (83/535). In univariate analysis, @entity3087 was associated with age (OR: 1.05; 95% CI: 1.03-1.08; P < 0.0001), @entity1142 (OR: 2.36; 95% CI: 1.31-4.26; P < 0.0001) and @entity130 (OR: 2.46; 95% CI: 1.37-4.45; P < 0.0028). In multivariate analysis, the OR for age was 1.05 (95% CI: 1.03-1.08; P < 0.0001), for @entity1142 2.35 (95% CI: 1.27-4.34; P < 0.0001) and for @entity130 .37 (95% CI: 0.72-2.62; P = 0.3398). CONCLUSIONS _ INFERENCES: Constipation appears to be as important as @entity130 in the development of @entity3087 . Thus, a more proactive approach to recognizing and treating @entity1142 might significantly reduce the prevalence of this distressing problem.

title: Constipation: a potential cause of XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity1142 :: ('MESH:D003248', 'Disease') :: ['constipation and obstetric trauma', 'constipation']

entities_list: @entity3087 :: ('MESH:D059952', 'Disease') :: ['pelvic floor damage']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['obstetric injury', 'obstetric trauma', 'obstetric trauma 1']

answer: @entity3087 :: (MESH:D059952,Disease) :: ['pelvic floor damage']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Treatment with @entity2391 might alter the lipid profile. Plasmatic levels of total @entity165 and low density lipoprotein- @entity165 have been associated with the number of plaques in magnetic resonance of @entity1 with demyelinating @entity751 . @entity1 AND METHOD: Retrospective analysis of total @entity165 and @entity412 levels during the first year of treatment with IFNbeta in @entity15 @entity1 and association between lipid levels and disease activity, compared to @entity1 using @entity1638 (GA). RESULTS: 84 @entity1 under IFNbeta and 23 GA @entity1 were studied. Mean total @entity165 plasmatic levels lowered during the first year, whereas @entity412 levels rose since the first 6 months. These changes were more intense in the IFNbeta(1a) intramuscular group. No changes were observed in the GA group. Lipid changes were not associated with disease activity. CONCLUSIONS: In @entity15 @entity1 , @entity412 levels rise whereas total @entity165 levels decrease during the first year of treatment with IFNbeta. These changes do not seem to be related with disease activity.

title: [Lipid profile evolution during the first year of treatment with beta interferon in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1638 :: ('MESH:C089995', 'Chemical') :: ['glatiramer acetate']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity751 :: ('MESH:D013577', 'Disease') :: ['syndromes']

entities_list: @entity2391 :: ('3456', 'Gene') :: ['beta interferon (IFNbeta)']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['multiple sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity15 :: (MESH:D009103,Disease) :: ['multiple sclerosis']


abstract: @entity5100 plays an important role in fetal growth and development. IGFs are potent mitogens for a variety of @entity5 cells. A paracrine/autocrine role of @entity5100 in the growth of @entity0 cells has been suggested. To test the role of @entity5100 in @entity5 cell growth, hammerhead ribozymes targeted to @entity1 @entity5100 RNA were constructed. Single (R)- and double (RR)-ribozymes were catalytically active in vitro whereas mutant ribozymes (M or MM) did not cleave @entity5100 RNA. RR was more active than R. In @entity1 @entity263 PC-3 cells, both R and RR similarly suppressed @entity5100 messenger RNA (mRNA) levels (approximately 40%) compared with the level in parental or M-expressing PC-3 cells. Polymerase II and III promoter-driven R similarly suppressed @entity5100 mRNA levels. Suppression of @entity5100 mRNA levels by R was associated with suppression of @entity5100 protein levels. R- (or RR-) expressing PC-3 cells did not grow under serum-starved conditions and showed prolonged doubling times in the presence of 10% FCS compared with those of parental or M-expressing cells. These results substantiated that @entity5100 plays a critical role in @entity263 cell growth.

title: Hammerhead ribozyme-mediated cleavage of the @entity1 insulin-like growth factor-II ribonucleic acid in vitro and in XXXX cells.

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast and prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity5100 :: ('3481', 'Gene') :: ['Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-II', 'IGF-II']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In asymptomatic @entity1 with severe @entity472 and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction, we sought to assess incremental prognostic utility of exercise stress echocardiography. METHODS AND RESULTS: We studied 533 such @entity1 (age, 66  13 years; 78% @entity1 ; 31% with @entity453 ) who underwent exercise stress echocardiography between 2001 and 2012. Clinical, echocardiographic, and exercise variables ( @entity209 [ @entity209 ], % of age-sex-predicted @entity209 and heart rate recovery at first minute post exercise) were recorded. The end point was all-cause mortality. The Society of Thoracic Surgeons score, left ventricular ejection fraction, mean resting aortic valve (AV) gradient, indexed AV area, @entity209 , and heart rate recovery were 2.9  3%, 58  4%, 35  11 mm   Hg, 0.47  0.1 cm(2)/m(2), 7.8  3, and 26  12 bpm, respectively. Only 50% achieved >100%, whereas 26% achieved <85% age-sex-predicted @entity209 . There were no major exercise stress echocardiography-related complications. Over 6.9  3 years, 341 (64%) underwent AV replacement (54% isolated), and there were 104 (20%) deaths. On multivariable Cox proportional hazard survival analysis, a higher Society of Thoracic Surgeons score (hazard ratio, 1.21), lower % age-sex-predicted @entity209 (hazard ratio 1.15), and slower heart rate recovery (hazard ratio, 1.22) were associated with higher longer-term mortality, whereas AV replacement (time-dependent covariate, hazard ratio, 0.26) was associated with improved survival. The addition of % age-sex-predicted @entity209 to the Society of Thoracic Surgeons score resulted in significant reclassification of longer-term mortality risk (integrated discrimination index, 0.07 [0.03-0.11; P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: In asymptomatic @entity1 with severe @entity472 and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction undergoing exercise stress echocardiography, a lower % of age-sex-predicted @entity209 and slower heart rate recovery were associated with longer-term mortality, whereas AV replacement was associated with improved survival.

title: Predictors of Long-Term Outcomes in Asymptomatic @entity1 With XXXX and Preserved Left Ventricular Systolic Function Undergoing Exercise Echocardiography.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity472 :: ('MESH:D001024', 'Disease') :: ['aortic stenosis']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic equivalents', 'METs']

answer: @entity472 :: (MESH:D001024,Disease) :: ['Severe Aortic Stenosis']


abstract: OBJECT: Frozen-section analysis is the current standard for the intraoperative diagnosis of @entity1313 . Intraoperative confocal microscopy is an emerging technology with the potential to visualize @entity5 histopathological features and cell morphology in real time. The authors report their findings using this new intraoperative technology in vivo with @entity941 contrast during the course of 50 microsurgical @entity5 resections. METHODS: Eighty-eight regions were visualized with confocal microscopy, and corresponding biopsy samples were examined with routine neuropathological analysis. The @entity5 studied included @entity1653 , @entity808 , @entity11 of various grades, and a @entity279 . The confocal microscopic features of each @entity5 and of various artifacts inherent to the technology were documented. A pathologist working in a blinded fashion reviewed a subset of the images in a further evaluation of the usefulness of the device as a diagnostic tool. RESULTS: Overall, intraoperative confocal imaging correlated surprisingly well with corresponding traditional histological findings, including the identification of many pathognomonic cytoarchitectural features of various @entity1313 . In the blinded study, 26 (92.9%) of 28 lesions were diagnosed correctly. CONCLUSIONS: Further study will be necessary for better definition of the role of intraoperative confocal microscopy as a routine adjunct for intraoperative @entity1313 diagnosis.

title: In vivo intraoperative confocal microscopy for real-time histopathological imaging of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity808 :: ('MESH:D009442', 'Disease') :: ['schwannomas']

entities_list: @entity279 :: ('MESH:D018325', 'Disease') :: ['hemangioblastoma']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['brain tumor', 'brain tumors']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['gliomas']

entities_list: @entity1653 :: ('MESH:D008579', 'Disease') :: ['meningiomas']

entities_list: @entity941 :: ('MESH:D019793', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium fluorescein']

answer: @entity1313 :: (MESH:D001932,Disease) :: ['brain tumors']


abstract: Arthrobacter sp. SUK 1201, a @entity3407 resistant and reducing bacterium having 99% sequence homology of 16S rDNA with Arthrobacter sp. GZK-1 was isolated from chromite mine overburden dumps of Orissa, India. The objective of the present study was to optimize the cultural conditions for @entity16774 reduction by Arthrobacter sp. SUK 1201. The strain showed 67% reduction of 2mM @entity16774 in 7 days and was associated with the formation of green insoluble precipitate, which showed characteristic peak of @entity3407 in to energy dispersive X-ray analysis. However, Fourier transform infrared spectra have failed to detect any complexation of end products of @entity6596 reduction with the cell mass. Reduction of @entity16774 increased with increased cell density and was maximum at 10(10)cells/ml, but the reduction potential decreased with increase in @entity6596 concentration. @entity16774 reducing efficiency was promoted when @entity653 and @entity413 was used as electron donors. Optimum pH and temperature of @entity6596 reduction was 7.0 and 35   C respectively. The reduction process was inhibited by several metal ions and metabolic inhibitors but not by @entity8863 and @entity3213 . These findings suggest that Arthrobacter sp. SUK 1201 has great promise for use in @entity6596 detoxification under a wide range of environmental conditions.

title: Optimization of cultural conditions for growth associated XXXX reduction by Arthrobacter sp. SUK 1201 isolated from chromite mine overburden.

entities_list: @entity3407 :: ('MESH:D002857', 'Chemical') :: ['chromium']

entities_list: @entity653 :: ('MESH:D005990', 'Chemical') :: ['glycerol']

entities_list: @entity16774 :: ('CHEBI:35404', 'Chemical') :: ['Chromate', 'chromate']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity16774 :: (CHEBI:35404,Chemical) :: ['chromate']


abstract: AIMS: The diagnosis of @entity259 is mainly based on capsular and vascular invasion. The aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic relevance of nuclear features, @entity32 and stromal changes. METHODS AND RESULTS: Anisokaryosis, chromatin pattern, nucleolus, nuclear pleomorphism, nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio, @entity39 , stromal changes and @entity5 interstitial lymphocytes (TIL) were analysed in adenomatous hyperplastic nodules (39), @entity652 (43) and @entity189 (28 minimally invasive, 48 widely invasive and 27 anaplastic). Ki67 immunostaining, in situ end labelling (ISEL) for apoptosis and the Ki67/ISEL index were analysed by topographical compartments. Variables were compared by histological diagnosis using Fisher's exact test, analysis of variance and Student's t-tests and considered significant if P < 0.05. TIL were absent in 96% of @entity5 and 54% of adenomatous hyperplastic nodules. Conspicuous nucleoli, increased nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio and coexistent apoptosis-myxoid changes distinguished minimally invasive @entity189 from @entity652 . The most specific variables of high-grade @entity189 were vasculonecrotic patterns, nuclear hyperchromatism and pleomorphism. A kinetic advantage predominated in the internal compartments of benign lesions and in the peripheral compartments of @entity5 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity189 show up-regulation of proliferation markers and the distinctive topographical kinetic profiles provide a basis for the distinction between benign and malignant and an explanation for the circumscription and encapsulation of benign lesions.

title: Cytoarchitectural and kinetic features in the histological evaluation of follicular XXXX .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant lesions', 'neoplasms', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomas', 'Follicular carcinomas', 'carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['adenomas']

entities_list: @entity259 :: ('MESH:D013964', 'Disease') :: ['follicular thyroid carcinomas']

answer: @entity259 :: (MESH:D013964,Disease) :: ['thyroid neoplasms']


abstract: Radical cystectomy for muscle-invasive @entity150 (MIBC) @entity1 frequently impairs their quality of life (QOL) due to urinary diversion. To improve their QOL, a bladder-sparing alternative strategy using chemoradiation has been developed. In bladder-sparing protocols, complete response (CR) to induction chemoradiation is a prerequisite for bladder preservation and favorable survival. Thus predicting chemoradiation resistance and overcoming it would increase individual MIBC @entity1 ' chances of bladder preservation. The aim of this study is to investigate putative molecular targets for treatment aimed at improving chemoradiation response. Expression levels of @entity1722 , NFkB, @entity876 , and survivin were evaluated immunohistochemically in pretreatment biopsy samples from 35 MIBC @entity1 in whom chemoradiation sensitivity had been pathologically evaluated in cystectomy specimens, and associations of these expression levels with chemoradiation sensitivity and @entity5 -specific survival (CSS) were investigated. Of the 35 @entity1 , 11 (31%) achieved pathological CR, while @entity5 in the remaining 24 @entity1 (69%) were chemoradiation-resistant. Multivariate analysis identified @entity1722 and NFkB overexpression and @entity3041 as significant and independent risk factors for chemoradiation resistance with respective relative risks of 11.8 (P=0.014), 15.4 (P=0.024) and 14.3 (P=0.038). The chemoradiation resistance rate was 88.5% for @entity5 overexpressing @entity1722 and/or NFkB, but only 11.1% for those negative for both (P <0.0001). The 5-year CSS rate was 74% overall. Through multivariate analysis, overexpression of @entity1722 and/or NFkB was identified as an independent risk factor for @entity150 death with marginal significance (hazard ratio 21.5, P=0.056) along with chemoradiation resistance (P=0.003) and @entity3041 (P=0.018). The 5-year CSS rate for the 11 @entity1 achieving pathological CR was 100%, while that for the 24 with @entity3013 was 61% (P=0.018). Thus, @entity1722 and NFkB overexpression are relevant to chemoradiation resistance and are putative targets aimed at overcoming chemoradiation resistance in MIBC.

title: @entity1722 and NFkB overexpression as predictors of chemoradiation resistance and putative targets to overcome resistance in muscle-invasive XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity3041 :: ('MESH:D006869', 'Disease') :: ['hydronephrosis']

entities_list: @entity3013 :: ('MESH:D060467', 'Disease') :: ['chemoradiation-resistant disease']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder cancer']

answer: @entity150 :: (MESH:D001749,Disease) :: ['bladder cancer']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity4347 with invasion of the anterior abdominal wall and @entity11941 development is a rare condition. To the best of the authors' knowledge, five such cases have been reported in the medical literature. METHODS AND RESULTS: The @entity1 was a 68-year-old @entity1 who presented with a mass growing through the incisional scar and a @entity11941 with mucinous discharge 1 year after appendectomy via McBurney's incision. Carcinoembroyonic antigen and @entity1735 antigen 19-9 concentration was elevated. Abdominal computed tomography scan revealed a mass in the cecum with involvement of the abdominal wall. Right hemicolectomy with en bloc abdominal wall implant and @entity11941 resection with clear margins was performed. DISCUSSION: The @entity1 received intraperitoneal intra- and postoperative chemotherapy. Gross examination of the specimen showed a mass emerging from the remnant stump of the appendix. The @entity1 showed no relapse 1 year after surgery. Clinical, paraclinical features, and treatment options are discussed with review of the literature.

title: Appendiceal @entity4347 with implantation metastasis to the incision scar and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity4347 :: ('MESH:D018282', 'Disease') :: ['Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma of the appendix']

entities_list: @entity11941 :: ('MESH:D017577', 'Disease') :: ['cutaneous fistula', 'skin fistula']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

answer: @entity11941 :: (MESH:D017577,Disease) :: ['cutaneous fistula']


abstract: The objective of this study was to investigate the alterations of cytokines @entity310 , @entity1356 and @entity379 at early phase after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and in the course of preconditioning, and to explore the relation of these cytokines with transplant-related complications. Alterations of @entity310 , @entity1356 , and @entity379 levels in serum were detected by ELISA in 95 @entity1 received allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (among them 43 cases with GVHD, 5 cases with @entity715 , 31 cases with @entity281 ) and 20 in healthy adults. Alterations of the three cytokines were analyzed during the preconditioning and the early phase after transplantation. The results showed that the @entity310 levels in aGVHD @entity1 underwent allo-HSCT were already higher than that in normal controls before preconditioning (p<0.01), other @entity1 did not show significant change during this course. @entity310 level in all @entity1 were higher than that at day 4 of preconditioning, then decreased at end of preconditioning (p<0.05). @entity310 level increased at occurrence of aGVHD, @entity715 and @entity281 , which is most significant in @entity1 with aGVHD, and less significant in @entity1 with @entity281 as compared with @entity1 with @entity715 (p<0.05). @entity310 level began to increase at 2 weeks before aGVHD and @entity715 developed in @entity1 , while @entity310 levels did not change in @entity1 with @entity281 at the same time. @entity1356 levels did not change during preconditioning, but increased at time of aGVHD, @entity715 and @entity281 in @entity1 , in which @entity1356 levels in @entity1 with @entity715 increased obviously, and more obviously in @entity1 with aGVHD than that in @entity1 with @entity281 (p<0.01). @entity1356 levels in @entity1 with aGVHD began to increase at 1 week before aGHVD developed, but @entity1356 levels in @entity1 with @entity715 began to increase at two weeks before complication developed. @entity379 levels did not change in all @entity1 during the process of transplantation. It is concluded that the alterations of cytokine levels exist during the course of allo-HSCT, which reflects the @entity1504 following preconditioning and occurrence of some transplant associated complications. Levels of @entity310 and @entity1356 are closely related to aGVHD or @entity715 . Monitoring changes of @entity310 and @entity1356 levels contributes to early discovery of aGVHD and @entity715 .

title: [Clinical significance of XXXX , @entity1356 and @entity379 levels at early phase after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation].

entities_list: @entity1504 :: ('MESH:D002561', 'Disease') :: ['vascular damage']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombotic complications', 'thrombosis']

answer: @entity310 :: (7124,Gene) :: ['TNF-alpha']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe the results of @entity2332 ( @entity2332 ) following resuscitation in the 'Gelderse Vallei' hospital, Ede, the Netherlands. DESIGN: Descriptive, retrospective. METHOD: @entity1 data was collected from @entity1 who had undergone @entity2332 during the first two years following introduction of this treatment in the intensive care department of the 'Gelderse Vallei' hospital, Ede. Information used in the description included @entity1 characteristics, @entity1167 ( @entity2224 or other @entity943 ), place of onset (in hospital or elsewhere), resuscitation data, side effects of the treatment, mortality and neurological outcome. RESULTS: 67 @entity1 were treated with @entity2332 in the period April 2005 to July 2007. The hospital mortality rate within this group was 81%. The mortality rate in the subgroup presenting with @entity2224 as initial @entity943 was 76%, compared with 89% in the subgroup with other @entity943 . The mortality rate of @entity1 who were resuscitated outside the hospital was comparable with that for @entity1 resuscitated in hospital (80% versus 83%). @entity1 who could be discharged from hospital had a good neurological outcome (average Cerebral Performance Category score 1.9; 95%-CI: 1.6-2.2). The most important complications during @entity2332 were electrolyte imbalances and ventilator associated @entity55 . CONCLUSION: The introduction of @entity2332 in the intensive care department of the "Gelderse Vallei" has taken place without major problems. Although the mortality rate following cardiopulmonary resuscitation was relatively high, the neurological outcome in those @entity1 who were discharged from hospital alive was good.

title: [Mild XXXX following resuscitation; experience and results in the first two years after introduction].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity2224 :: ('MESH:D014693', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['heart arrest type']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmias', 'arrhythmia']

entities_list: @entity2332 :: ('MESH:D007035', 'Disease') :: ['MTH', 'mild therapeutic hypothermia']

answer: @entity2332 :: (MESH:D007035,Disease) :: ['therapeutic hypothermia']


abstract: @entity344 may spread to peritoneal surfaces in the absence of lymphatic or hematogenous metastases. To treat peritoneal @entity189 , a uniformly lethal disease process, extensive cytoreductive surgery and i.p. chemotherapy were combined. Early postoperative i.p. chemotherapy was instilled in the first few days after the surgical procedure in an attempt to treat anatomic sites that would be sealed off by postoperative adhesions. @entity1138 was given on the first postoperative day at two doses, 10 and 12 mg/m2. @entity1487 was given on postoperative days 2-5 at 15 and 20 mg/kg, respectively. Median area under the curve ratio i.p./i.v. was 117 for @entity1487 and 21.6 for @entity1138 . Elevated intraportal levels of drug were observed for i.p. @entity1487 but not for @entity1138 . The marked pharmacokinetic advantage of postoperative i.p. suggests that this treatment strategy should be considered in a clinical trial in @entity1 at risk for @entity298 .

title: Early postoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy as an adjuvant therapy to surgery for peritoneal XXXX from gastrointestinal cancer: pharmacological studies.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1138 :: ('MESH:D016685', 'Chemical') :: ['mitomycin C', 'Mitomycin C']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomatosis']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['Gastrointestinal malignancy']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['progression of peritoneal carcinomatosis']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['5-Fluorouracil', '5-fluorouracil']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['carcinomatosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Abdominal @entity130 involving the urinary tract represent 10% and, of these, 25% are for bladder @entity130 . @entity130 depends on the mechanism of action, whether blunt or penetrating. Symptoms include hypogastric @entity56 and inability to urinate. The most important sign is @entity811 . METHODS: This was a retrospective, observational study and descriptive analysis of @entity1 with @entity1494 , excluding @entity130 . RESULTS: There were 46 cases of @entity1494 comprising 35 @entity1 (76%) and 11 @entity1 (24%). Mean age was 29 years. @entity130 was closed contusion (63%) and penetrating wound (37%). Diagnosis was established in 74% of cases by exploratory laparotomy and in 26% of cases by cystography. Treatment was in accordance with intra- or extraperitoneal status, and there were no reported complications. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with @entity130 are often young and male, in relation to @entity1 with @entity16 . Closed @entity1661 is prevalent with penetration. Gross @entity811 is the most consistent symptom. Incidence of @entity1494 associated with pelvic @entity174 was low. Exploratory laparotomy was the primary diagnostic method, with cystography done in a limited number of @entity1 . There were no complications.

title: [ XXXX due to @entity1661 in @entity1 treated at the Central Hospital of the Mexican Red Cross].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'women', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bladder injury']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['iatrogenic damage']

entities_list: @entity1661 :: ('MESH:D000008', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal trauma']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['hypersensitivity']

entities_list: @entity811 :: ('MESH:D006417', 'Disease') :: ['hematuria']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['traumatic injuries', 'iatrogenic injury', 'traumas', 'Mechanism of injury', 'trauma', 'Type of injury']

answer: @entity1494 :: (MESH:D001745,Disease) :: ['Bladder injuries']


abstract: PURPOSE: To estimate the effect of the number of computed tomography (CT) sections on trapped air (TA) assessment in @entity1 with @entity1577 ( @entity1577 ) by using an established scoring system and a new quantitative scoring system and to compare CT and pulmonary function test (PFT) estimates of TA in a cross-sectional and longitudinal study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this institutional review board-approved pilot study, 20 subjects aged 6-20 years (12 female and eight male; median age, 12.6 years) contributed two expiratory CT studies (three-section baseline CT, volumetric follow-up CT) and two PFT studies over 2 years after parental informed consent was obtained. From follow-up CT studies, seven sets were composed: @entity13552 was volumetric. Sets 2, 3, 4, and 5, had spacing of 2.4, 4.8, 9.6, and 20.4 mm, respectively, between sections. Sets 6 and 7 contained five and three sections, respectively. Longitudinal follow-up was performed with three sections. All images were deidentified and randomized, and TA was scored with the Brody II system and a new quantitative system. Statistical analysis included the Wilcoxon signed rank test, calculation of Spearman and intraclass correlation coefficients, and use of three-section and linear mixed models. RESULTS: For the Brody II system, the intraclass correlation coefficient for @entity13552 versus those for sets 2 through 7 was 0.75 versus 0.87; however, mean scores from sets 6 and 7 were significantly lower than the mean score from @entity13552 (P = .01 and P < .001, respectively). For the quantitative system, the number of sections did not affect TA assessment (intraclass correlation coefficient range, 0.82-0.88; P > .13 for all). CT and PFT estimates were not correlated (r(s) = 20.19 to 0.09, P = .43-.93). No change in TA over time was found for CT or @entity15795 (P > .16 for all). CONCLUSION: The number of sections affected Brody II estimates, suggesting that three-section protocols lead to underestimation of TA assessment in @entity1 with @entity1577 when using the Brody II system; CT and PFT estimates of TA showed no correlation and no significant change over time.

title: Three-section expiratory CT: insufficient for trapped air assessment in @entity1 with XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity1577 :: ('MESH:D003550', 'Disease') :: ['CF', 'cystic fibrosis']

answer: @entity1577 :: (MESH:D003550,Disease) :: ['cystic fibrosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To review the surgical management of @entity358 in a thoracic surgery unit over a period of 15 years. METHODS: We carried out a retrospective analysis of records of all @entity1 who had surgery for @entity358 between 1995 and 2010. RESULTS: Forty-five @entity1 underwent surgery for congenital lung lesions out of 3735 thoracotomies performed during the study period. The lesions included 29 lung sequestrations, 12 @entity5619 , 3 @entity14943 and one @entity2977 . Only 26 (26%) cases were diagnosed preoperatively. Twenty-eight (62.2%) @entity1 underwent lobectomy, 5 (11.1%) @entity1 had pneumonectomy, and 10 (22.2%) @entity1 had removal of cyst while 2 (0.45%) @entity1 had lung resection with repair of the oesophageal connection. No mortality was recorded. One @entity1 had post-operative @entity17954 which was successfully managed conservatively. The follow-up was between 8 months to 14 years. All @entity1 were asymptomatic and had no physical limitations during the follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Surgery is curative and produces good long-term result in @entity1 with @entity358 . It should be offered to @entity1 as a therapeutic option where indicated and feasible.

title: XXXX : 15 years experience in a thoracic surgical unit.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5619 :: ('MESH:D001994', 'Disease') :: ['bronchogenic cysts']

entities_list: @entity17954 :: ('MESH:D016157', 'Disease') :: ['complication of oesophageal fistula']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['congenital malformations of lung parenchyma']

entities_list: @entity14943 :: ('MESH:C535735', 'Disease') :: ['congenital lobar emphysema']

entities_list: @entity2977 :: ('MESH:D015615', 'Disease') :: ['congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation']

answer: @entity358 :: (MESH:D008171,Disease) :: ['Congenital malformation of lung parenchyma']


abstract: One hundred and twenty-two @entity1 underwent liver resection for metastases of @entity14 within 8 years. Seventy-four of them were treated for metachronous metastases detected in a median of 18 months after resection of the @entity5 . In another 48 @entity1 the metastases were resected at the same time as the primary @entity5 . Both groups were analysed for disease-free and overall survival, and for peri-operative morbidity. However, neither the type of hepatic resection nor peri-operative morbidity showed relevant differences in the groups, except for the metachronous group, the only group in which operative mortality occurred (6.7%). Survival was not significantly different, being 32 months in the metachronous and 24 months in the synchronous groups (P = 0.051). However, disease-free survival showed significant differences; no @entity1 in the synchronous group experienced a recurrence-free interval of more than 3 years. The median time interval until diagnosis of a recurrence was 10 months after resection of metachronous metastases, but only 6 months in the synchronous group (P = 0.018). The pattern of recurrence showed a much higher proportion of @entity1 with disseminated disease in the synchronous group (95% vs 42%). Therefore, liver resection in synchronous colorectal metastases should be handled very restrictively and adjuvant treatment strategies considered in the future.

title: Resection of liver metastases in XXXX --competitive analysis of treatment results in synchronous versus metachronous metastases.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'primary tumor']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Concussions account for the majority of @entity131 ( @entity131 ) and can result in cumulative damage, @entity179 , and chronic @entity16 . The underlying mechanisms of these detrimental effects remain poorly understood and there are presently no specific treatments for concussions. Neuroinflammation is a major contributor to secondary damage following more severe @entity131 , and recent findings from our laboratory suggest it may be involved in the cumulative properties of repeated concussion. We previously found that an anti-CD11d monoclonal antibody that blocks the CD11d/ @entity11265 integrin and adhesion molecule interaction following severe experimental @entity131 reduces neuroinflammation, oxidative activity, and tissue damage, and improves functional recovery. As similar processes may be involved in repeated concussion, here we studied the effects of the anti-CD11d treatment in a @entity35 model of repeated concussion. METHODS: @entity35 were treated 2 h and 24 h after each of three repeated mild lateral fluid percussion injuries with either the CD11d antibody or an isotype-matched control antibody, 1B7. Injuries were separated by a five-day inter-injury interval. After the final treatment and either an acute (24 to 72 h @entity130 ) or chronic (8 weeks @entity130 ) recovery period had elapsed, behavioral and pathological outcomes were examined. RESULTS: The anti-CD11d treatment reduced neutrophil and macrophage levels in the injured brain with concomitant reductions in lipid peroxidation, astrocyte activation, amyloid precursor protein accumulation, and @entity528 . The anti-CD11d treatment also improved outcome on tasks of cognition, sensorimotor ability, and @entity148 . CONCLUSIONS: These findings demonstrate that reducing @entity32 after repeated mild @entity1545 in @entity35 leads to improved behavioral outcomes and that the anti-CD11d treatment may be a viable therapy to improve post-concussion outcomes.

title: Treatment with an anti-CD11d integrin antibody reduces neuroinflammation and improves outcome in a XXXX model of repeated concussion.

entities_list: @entity1545 :: ('MESH:D020214', 'Disease') :: ['brain injury']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['TBI', 'traumatic brain injuries']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['neurodegeneration']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['neuronal loss']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['post-injury']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between vascular biomarkers reflecting the @entity1317 and neoangiogenesis with capillaroscopic changes in @entity785 ( @entity785 ). METHODS: Nailfold video-capillaroscopy (NVC) was performed qualitatively (early, active and late @entity2631 patterns) in 72 @entity785 @entity1 (66 female) fulfilling ACR/EULAR (2013) criteria. Serum samples of @entity1 were collected and analysed by flow cytometer with multiplex kits of @entity3479 , @entity2842 , sE-selectin, @entity687 , @entity650 , VEGF, sP-selectin, @entity2533 and VCAM at the same time with NVC. RESULTS: Compared to healthy subjects; tPA (p=0.02), @entity2842 (p=0.001), sE-selectin (p=0.008) and @entity2533 (p=0.001) levels were significantly higher, however sP-selectin (p=0.011) and @entity687 (p=0.001) levels were lower in @entity785 @entity1 . @entity785 @entity1 were defined according to NVC patterns as 'early' (n=10), 'active' (n=37) and 'late' (n=25). According to NVC patterns of @entity785 @entity1 , only sCD40L levels were significantly lower in the 'late' group (p=0.039). The other markers were similar among NVC groups. CONCLUSIONS: NVC is a useful method for investigating the vascular pathogenesis and severity of @entity785 . Although the levels were similar to healthy controls in @entity1 with early/active NVC patterns, there were lower sCD40L serum levels in @entity1 with late NVC pattern. @entity11603 may have a role in the early/active phase of vascular involvement.

title: Capillaroscopic findings and vascular biomarkers in XXXX : Association of low @entity11603 levels with late @entity2631 pattern.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2631 :: ('MESH:D012594', 'Disease') :: ['scleroderma']

entities_list: @entity1317 :: ('MESH:D057772', 'Disease') :: ['vascular injury']

entities_list: @entity785 :: ('MESH:D012595', 'Disease') :: ['systemic sclerosis', 'SSc']

answer: @entity785 :: (MESH:D012595,Disease) :: ['systemic sclerosis']


abstract: Previous studies have suggested that kennelled @entity235 are more likely to test positive for CECoV than household pets. Here we describe both cross sectional and longitudinal studies in two rescue kennels and two boarding kennels, together with molecular diagnostics, to provide a new insight into the epidemiology of CECoV. Prevalence of CECoV in the cross sectional studies tended to be higher in the rescue kennels (13.8% and 33.3%) than the boarding kennels (5.3% and 13.5%). In each kennel, type I CECoV was more prevalent than type 2 CECoV. The mean quantity of type I detected was equivalent to 6.3 * 10(8)gc/gm (range=5 * 10(6), 8.5 * 10(11)), compared to 1.3 * 10(8)gc/gm (range = 3 * 10(6), 2.4 * 10(10)) for type II. In one rescue shelter where @entity235 were followed longitudinally, @entity281 was significantly associated with accommodation block as well as the length of stay (increased risk of CECoV per week in residence of * 1.9). Of those animals sampled on two or more occasions, none tested positive on arrival, and 54.5% later shed CECoV, suggesting that @entity281 may have been acquired within the kennel. Shedding patterns and sequence analysis suggested both types I and II CECoV were maintained in this population by a combination of introductions into the shelter and within-shelter transmission. The findings suggest that some kennel environments may be important in maintaining @entity281 in the population. We also propose that the diversity of viruses like CECoV in these populations may provide a novel surrogate marker for the success of biosecurity.

title: Cross sectional and longitudinal surveys of @entity235 enteric coronavirus infection in kennelled XXXX : a molecular marker for biosecurity.

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection', 'CECoV infection']

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['dogs']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity1582 is an incurable B-cell malignancy requiring new therapeutic strategies. Our approach was to analyze the in vitro effects of a selective @entity172 receptor modulator, @entity25608 ( @entity25609 ), on six @entity1582 cell lines. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Cultured @entity1582 cells were treated with various @entity25609 concentrations and the cellular response was studied: cell proliferation, cell viability, induction of apoptosis, caspase activities, and expression of signaling proteins. RESULTS: We found that pharmacologic concentrations of @entity25609 inhibit cell proliferation (4 of 6 cell lines). This inhibition is achieved by two independent events: a block at the G(1) phase of the cell cycle and the induction of apoptotic death. The cellular response to @entity25609 depends on the presence of functional @entity172 receptors. @entity25609 treatment activates an intrinsic mitochondrial @entity8187 -dependent pathway but not the Fas/ @entity12 death pathway. Signaling pathways known to be involved in the survival and/or proliferation of @entity1582 cells are not affected by @entity25609 treatment. @entity25609 -induced G(1) arrest is accompanied by the up-regulation of the cell cycle inhibitor @entity5438 ( @entity13525 ) and the down-regulation of @entity517 . Among the @entity588 family members tested, the proapoptotic BimS protein is induced whereas the antiapoptotic protein @entity2423 is decreased. CONCLUSIONS: Although the effects of @entity25609 are observed at micromolar concentrations, cellular mechanisms responsible for G(1) arrest, as well as apoptosis induction, are similar to those observed in @entity0 cells. Our data support the concept that @entity25609 may represent an alternative approach to inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis of @entity1582 cells.

title: @entity25608 inhibits proliferation of @entity1582 cells in vitro through down-regulation of @entity517 , up-regulation of @entity13525 , and modulation of XXXX family members.

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity25608 :: ('MESH:C016601', 'Chemical') :: ['4-hydroxytamoxifen']

entities_list: @entity1582 :: ('MESH:D009101', 'Disease') :: ['multiple myeloma', 'Multiple myeloma']

answer: @entity588 :: (596,Gene) :: ['Bcl-2']


abstract: @entity1757 ( @entity1757 ) is a severe complication of @entity583 and has a high mortality rate. This complication appears to have declined in the reperfusion era. It has mostly been reported in elderly or female @entity1 who suffer from anterior wall @entity1188 , @entity1 with multivessel @entity453 ( @entity453 ) or occluded @entity1188 ( @entity1188 ) without collateral circulation, or @entity1 who have had delayed reperfusion therapy. Here, we report the case of a 60-year-old male @entity1 who presented with persistent @entity662 and Killip I ST-segment-elevation @entity583 . Thrombolytic therapy was started 3 hours after the onset of @entity662 . Based on the subsidence of @entity662 , resolution of the elevated ST segment, and early peak of cardiac enzymes, reperfusion was thought to be successful. However, on the third day of admission, the @entity1 complained of @entity1353 after defecation and was found to have new-onset grade 3 pansystolic murmur over the left sternal border. Cardiac echography showed an apical @entity1757 . A Swan-Ganz catheter was inserted into the right side of the heart; analysis of blood @entity26 saturation revealed a 6% step-up of @entity26 in the right ventricle. Coronary angiography showed only one-vessel @entity453 and TIMI 3 flow in the @entity1188 . The @entity1 received intensive medical management and underwent @entity1757 repair and internal mammary artery bypass grafting to the left anterior descending artery. His recovery was uneventful. This case illustrates that @entity1757 can be found in @entity1 receiving early successful reperfusion therapy, with one-vessel @entity453 , and TIMI 3 flow in the @entity1188 .

title: Ventricular septal rupture after early successful thrombolytic therapy in XXXX : a case report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['chest pain']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity1757 :: ('MESH:D006345', 'Disease') :: ['Ventricular septal defect', 'VSD']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarct-related artery', 'IRA', 'infarction']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['CAD', 'coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'acute myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['acute myocardial infarction']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity16 ( @entity16 ) is a common alteration seen in the ICU. The currently available bedside methods of measuring respiratory and peripheral muscle function in critically ill @entity1 are somewhat inadequate. The objective of this study was to evaluate the presence of diaphragmatic and peripheral @entity16 in septic @entity1 with prolonged weaning from mechanical ventilation (MV). METHODS: Cohort prospective study with an entry period of 6 months. In 2 Brazilian medical-surgical ICUs, septic @entity1 >=  18 years of age, dependent on MV >=  14 days, requiring prolonged weaning from MV, awake (Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale >=  -2), and with no previous history of @entity305 or @entity121 were included. Electrophysiological studies of the limbs and also of the respiratory system by phrenic nerve conduction and needle electromyography of the diaphragm were performed in all subjects. RESULTS: Twelve subjects were enrolled during 6 months of study. The electrophysiological signs of peripheral @entity16 occurred in 9 subjects, 7 of whom died in the ICU. Three subjects developed @entity305 , 4 @entity3124 , and 2 both. Only one subject who developed peripheral @entity16 did not present diaphragmatic involvement, whereas no subject developed diaphragm involvement alone. Thus, electrophysiological signs of diaphragmatic @entity16 occurred in 8 of the 9 subjects with peripheral @entity16 . Upon clinical examination, 8 subjects were not able to moves their limbs against gravity, and these findings were related to the presence of peripheral and diaphragmatic dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS: Our pilot findings suggested that @entity16 is common in septic @entity1 with prolonged weaning from MV (MV >=  14 d). The inability to move limbs against gravity is frequently associated with peripheral and diaphragmatic @entity16 , and the findings of @entity16 in peripheral electrophysiological tests are associated with diaphragmatic involvement.

title: The XXXX in septic @entity1 with prolonged weaning from mechanical ventilation: is the diaphragm also affected? A pilot study.

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['Critical illness myopathy and/or neuropathy', 'CRIMYNE']

entities_list: @entity3124 :: ('MESH:D016638', 'Disease') :: ['critical illness myopathy']

entities_list: @entity305 :: ('MESH:D011115', 'Disease') :: ['polyneuropathy', 'critical illness polyneuropathy']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['myopathy']

answer: @entity305 :: (MESH:D011115,Disease) :: ['critical illness polyneuropathy']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The %fT>MIC of @entity5505 has been shown to correlate with microbiological outcome of Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) in preclinical studies. However, clinical data are still lacking. We explored the relationship of @entity5505 exposure and outcome in @entity1 with @entity55 using data from a recent randomized, double-blind Phase 3 clinical trial. @entity1 AND METHODS: Pharmacokinetic (PK) and demographic data from three clinical trials were used to construct a population PK model using non-linear mixed-effects modelling. Individual concentration-time curves and PK/pharmacodynamic indices were determined for individual @entity1 . The MICs used in the analyses were the highest MICs for any GNB cultured at baseline or end of therapy. RESULTS: A two-compartment model best fit the data, with @entity1011 clearance as covariate on clearance and age on the central compartment. Classification and regression tree analysis showed a breakpoint value of 44.9% (P<0.0001) for GNB in 154 @entity1 . The Emax model showed a good fit (R(2)=0.93). The benefit of adequate treatment increased from an eradication rate of 0.4848 at %fT>MIC of 0% to 0.9971 at 100%. The EC50 was 46.8% and the EC90 was 95.5% for %fT>MIC. Exposure correlated significantly with both microbiological and clinical outcome at test-of-cure. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that exposures to @entity5505 predict microbiological as well as clinical outcome, and the %fT>MIC required to result in a likely favourable outcome is >45% of the dosing interval. This value is similar to that observed in animal models and underscores the principle that adequate dosing can be predicted and is beneficial to @entity1 care.

title: Optimal exposures of XXXX predict the probability of microbiological and clinical outcome in the treatment of @entity55 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity5505 :: ('MESH:D002442', 'Chemical') :: ['ceftazidime']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['nosocomial pneumonia']

answer: @entity5505 :: (MESH:D002442,Chemical) :: ['ceftazidime']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity428 , which often occurs in @entity1 with @entity1906 , is associated with high morbidity and mortality. We describe a @entity1 with @entity1906 who had @entity428 -induced fulminant @entity10 that responded to intravenous @entity12691 - @entity1363 combination therapy. CASE PRESENTATION: A 50-year-old @entity1 with a @entity221 and @entity10 for 24 days was given a diagnosis of @entity1906 on the basis of the results of polymerase chain reaction amplification and Ziehl-Neelsen staining. @entity10 with @entity391 developed despite administration of @entity230 , osmotic, and antituberculosis treatments. The @entity1 was admitted in a confusional state. The initial pressure (420 mmHg) in cerebrospinal fluid was increased. She was given intravenous @entity2656 , @entity619 , @entity12586 and @entity3175 , or she was sedated with @entity1875 , with no response. Next, a combination of @entity12691 and @entity1363 was infused intravenously and finally resolved the confusional state. The initial pressure decreased, and she no longer complained of @entity10 requiring medication. DISCUSSION AND EVALUATION: The @entity12691 - @entity1363 combination therapy may have reduced intracranial pressure, leading to down-regulation of @entity10 . Sedation induced by such combination of drugs was not accompanied by @entity2730 or @entity73 . CONCLUSIONS: The @entity12691 - @entity1363 combination therapy might be an option for the management of @entity428 in @entity4767 .

title: @entity12691 - @entity1363 combination therapy for the treatment of @entity428 in a @entity1 with XXXX : a case study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'woman', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2656 :: ('MESH:D008353', 'Chemical') :: ['mannitol']

entities_list: @entity12691 :: ('MESH:D002077', 'Chemical') :: ['butorphanol']

entities_list: @entity12586 :: ('MESH:D010423', 'Chemical') :: ['pentazocine']

entities_list: @entity3175 :: ('MESH:D003975', 'Chemical') :: ['diazepam']

entities_list: @entity4767 :: ('MESH:D002494', 'Disease') :: ['central nervous system infections']

entities_list: @entity428 :: ('MESH:D019586', 'Disease') :: ['Intracranial hypertension', 'intracranial hypertension']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['impaired psychomotor function']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['dexamethasone']

entities_list: @entity1906 :: ('MESH:D014390', 'Disease') :: ['tuberculous meningitis']

entities_list: @entity1875 :: ('MESH:D015742', 'Chemical') :: ['propofol']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['Headache', 'headache']

entities_list: @entity1363 :: ('MESH:D008874', 'Chemical') :: ['midazolam']

answer: @entity1906 :: (MESH:D014390,Disease) :: ['tuberculous meningitis']


abstract: This study was undertaken to examine short photoperiod ( @entity168 ; 8 h of light, 16 h of darkness)-induced @entity4903 in the male white-footed @entity19 , Peromyscus leucopus. Exposure to @entity168 for 8 weeks caused dramatic reductions in testis and seminal vesicle weights, decreased circulating LH and @entity251 levels, and lowered the content of LH in the pituitary gland relative to those in @entity19 under long photoperiod (LD; 16 h of light, 8 h of darkness). These changes were associated with significant increases in content of radioimmunoassayable @entity1176 in the mediobasal @entity2339 (MBH) and anterior @entity2339 at two time points in the light/dark cycle: 2100 h (dark phase) and 0900 h (light phase), respectively. Exposure to @entity168 also caused an increase in radioimmunoassayable @entity11982 in the MBH and preoptic area of the @entity2339 (POA) at 2100 h, but not at 0900 h. @entity19 exposed to @entity168 also had a significantly higher metabolism of @entity750 in the MBH at 0900 and 2100 h compared to @entity19 under LD. The concentration of @entity1063 in the @entity2339 was unaffected by exposure to @entity168 . However, the metabolism of @entity935 (DA) in the POA at 0900 h was significantly increased relative to that in @entity19 maintained under LD at this time. This increase in DA metabolism was associated with enhanced immunocytochemical staining for @entity669 hydroxylase in nerve fibers of the POA. Conversely, staining for @entity669 hydroxylase in tuberoinfundibular DA cell bodies of the arcuate nucleus was less intense under @entity168 exposure. From these data it is concluded that exposure to @entity168 caused regional and time-dependent alterations in the activities of hypothalamic @entity4478 ( @entity750 and DA) and neuropeptides ( @entity11982 and @entity1176 ). These changes may be part of the neuroendocrine mechanism for @entity168 -induced seasonal adaptations.

title: Photoperiodic adjustments in hypothalamic @entity4478 , @entity1176 , and @entity11982 in the white-footed XXXX .

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity2339 :: ('MESH:D007029', 'Disease') :: ['hypothalamus']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['serotonin']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['noradrenaline']

entities_list: @entity4903 :: ('MESH:D004700', 'Disease') :: ['alterations in reproductive endocrine and neuroendocrine parameters']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: PURPOSE: To analyze and compare survival of @entity1 initially treated with @entity298 ( @entity298 ) or hemodialysis (HD). METHODS: We used data from the French REIN registry. We included all @entity1 aged 18  years or more who started dialysis between 1st  January  2004  and 12  December  2012  in Provence-Alpes-C  te d'Azur Region (PACA). These @entity1 were followed up until 30  June  2014. Survival curves were generated using the Kaplan-Meier technique and tested using the log-rank test. Variables predictive of all-cause mortality were determined using Cox regression models. The propensity score was used. MAIN RESULTS: Survival was similar between initial dialysis modalities: @entity298 and HD, even after adjusting for the propensity score. But, when we exclude the @entity1 who had switched from one technique of dialysis to another, survival was better in HD @entity1 . According to the multivariate analysis, advanced age and the lack of walking autonomy appear to be associated with an increase in mortality in dialysis @entity1 . But, the presence of @entity101 improve the survival in this cohort. CONCLUSION: The survival is similar between hemodialysis and @entity298 .

title: [Comparison of XXXX and hemodialysis survival in Provence-Alpes-C  te d'Azur].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['peritoneal dialysis', 'PD']

answer: @entity298 :: (MESH:D010538,Disease) :: ['peritoneal dialysis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of a mindfulness-based group intervention, the Vitality Training Programme (VTP), in adults with inflammatory @entity627 . METHODS: In a randomised controlled trial, the VTP-a 10-session mindfulness-based group intervention including a booster session after 6 months-was compared with a control group that received routine care plus a CD for voluntary use with mindfulness-based home exercises. The primary outcome was @entity458 measured by the General Health Questionnaire-20. Self-efficacy ( @entity2531 ) and emotion-focused coping (emotional processing and expression) were used as co-primary outcomes. Secondary outcomes included @entity158 , @entity1295 , @entity1 global disease activity, self-care ability and well-being. Effects were estimated by mixed models repeated measures post-intervention and at 12-month follow-up. RESULTS: Of 73 @entity1 randomised, 68 completed assessments post-intervention and 67 at 12 months. Significant treatment effects in favour of the VTP group were found post-treatment and maintained at 12 months in @entity458 (adjusted mean between-group difference -3.7, 95% CI -6.3 to -1.1), self-efficacy @entity158 (9.1, 95% CI 3.4 to 14.8) and symptoms (13.1, 95% CI 6.7 to 19.3), emotional processing (0.3, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.5), @entity1295 (-1.1, 95% CI -1.8 to -0.4), self-care ability (1.0, 95% CI 0.5 to 1.6) and overall well-being (0.6, 95% CI 0.1 to 1.2). No significant group differences were found in emotional expression, @entity158 or disease activity. CONCLUSION: The VTP improved most primary and secondary outcomes compared with individual use of CD exercises. Improvements were maintained at 12 months, suggesting that the VTP is a beneficial complement to existing treatments for @entity1 with inflammatory @entity627 .

title: A mindfulness-based group intervention to reduce @entity458 and @entity1295 in @entity1 with inflammatory XXXX : a randomised controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity627 :: ('MESH:D012216', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatic joint diseases']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['psychological distress']

entities_list: @entity2531 :: ('MESH:D013001', 'Disease') :: ['pain and symptoms']

answer: @entity627 :: (MESH:D012216,Disease) :: ['rheumatic joint diseases']


abstract: Wear of yttria-zirconia (zirconia) in the femoral head was investigated in mature mongrel @entity235 weighing 10 to 13 kg. Two @entity235 , which were used as a control group, were sacrificed 18 months after implantation of the uncemented modular hip system with an @entity5383 ceramic ( @entity5383 ) femoral head. A zirconia femoral head was implanted in five @entity235 : one was sacrificed 12 months after implantation, two at 18 months, and two at 24 months. In each femoral head and @entity691 (PE) socket, the surface was observed by means of @entity4653 ( @entity4653 ); the mean articulation surface roughness on the femoral head and PE socket and the thickness of the PE socket were measured. Wear was not seen on the surface of either the zirconia or the @entity5383 heads. In both groups, minute white spots on the smooth surface of the PE socket were visible by @entity4653 . In the @entity5383 and zirconia groups the mean roughness was 0.1 microm. The mean thickness of the PE socket was reduced by 0.2 mm in the @entity5383 group. In the zirconia group it was reduced by 0.2 to 0.3 mm. However, the mechanical strength of zirconia is known to be greater than that of @entity5383 and it may be possible to reduce the diameter of the femoral head. The smaller zirconia head may contribute to the reduction of the wear of the PE socket in an uncemented modular total hip system.

title: The wear of a @entity691 socket articulating with a zirconia ceramic femoral head in XXXX total hip arthroplasty.

entities_list: @entity4653 :: ('MESH:D004401', 'Disease') :: ['SEM', 'scanning electron microscopy']

entities_list: @entity691 :: ('MESH:D020959', 'Chemical') :: ['polyethylene']

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['canine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Pharmacoresistant @entity302 can be treated by either resection of the @entity302 focus or functional isolation of the @entity302 focus through complete disconnection of the pathways of propagation of the @entity302 activity. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate long-term @entity410 outcome and complications of @entity1315 ( @entity1315 ) without resection for @entity1315 ( @entity1315 ). METHODS: Data of 45 @entity1 operated on for intractable @entity1315 using a functional disconnection procedure have been studied. Indication of @entity1315 surgery was retained after a standard preoperative evaluation of @entity302 and using the same criteria as for standard temporal resection. RESULTS: Mean follow-up duration was 3.7 years. At the last follow-up, 30 @entity1 (67%) were completely @entity410 -free (Engel-Ia/International League Against Epilepsy class 1) and 39 @entity1 (87%) remained significantly improved (Engel-I or -II) by surgery. Actuarial outcome displays a 77.7% probability of being @entity410 -free and an 85.4% probability of being significantly improved at 5 years. No @entity1 died after surgery and no subdural haematoma or @entity3609 occurred. Permanent morbidity included @entity1269 , @entity1805 and @entity1269 found in three, five and one @entity1 , respectively, after @entity1315 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity1315 is acceptable alternative surgical technique for @entity1 with intractable @entity1315 . The results of @entity1315 are in the range of morbidity and long-term @entity410 outcome rates after standard surgical resection. We observed a slightly higher rate of complications after @entity1315 in comparison with usual rates of morbidity of resection procedures. @entity1315 may be used as an alternative to resection and could reduce operating time and the risks of subdural collections.

title: Long-term outcome of surgical disconnection of the XXXX zone as an alternative to resection for nonlesional mesial temporal @entity302 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1269 :: ('MESH:D010291', 'Disease') :: ['hemiparesis', 'oculomotor paresis']

entities_list: @entity1805 :: ('MESH:D006423', 'Disease') :: ['hemianopia']

entities_list: @entity1315 :: ('MESH:D004833', 'Disease') :: ['TLD', 'MTLE', 'temporal lobe disconnection', 'mesial temporal lobe epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['refractory epilepsy', 'epileptic', 'epilepsy']

answer: @entity302 :: (MESH:D004827,Disease) :: ['epileptic']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate problems after @entity135 ( @entity135 ) from the multidisciplinary team perspective; to classify the results using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF); and to compare the results with a @entity1 perspective. DESIGN: Internet-based survey. @entity1 : There were 103 @entity1 from 27 countries: 50 physicians (otolaryngologists, maxillofacial specialists, and radiation and medical oncologists) and 53 nonphysicians (dentists, psychologists, physiotherapists, speech swallowing therapists, nurses, and social workers). INTERVENTIONS: Health professionals involved in the treatment of @entity135 were asked about relevant problems. The survey was Internet based and included 5 questions, 1 for each of the ICF components: Body Functions, Body Structures, Activities and Participation, and contextual Environmental and Personal factors. Answers were translated into ICF categories by 2 independent researchers, and frequencies were calculated. The results were compared with the outcomes of @entity1 interviews based on similar questions. RESULTS: A total of 3643 different answers translated into the ICF using 160 different second-level ICF categories. Less than 1% of answers were not covered by the ICF. There was high consistency in the ratings of food ingestion, @entity158 , and the relevance of the immediate family. In general, health professionals tended to emphasize aspects of anatomical defects and body image, whereas areas of speech and exercise tolerance functions were more often named by @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: The ICF seems to be a comprehensive tool for classifying problems after @entity135 from the multidisciplinary health professional perspective. There are important differences between the health professional and @entity1 perspectives. We should be aware of this during @entity5 follow-up sessions and in the creation of rehabilitation plans.

title: Health professional perspective on disability in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'patient', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck cancer', 'HNC']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

answer: @entity135 :: (MESH:D006258,Disease) :: ['head and neck cancer']


abstract: Inhibitor development remains a challenge to appropriate @entity447 treatment. This challenge is being addressed, in part, by an expanding knowledge of the mechanisms that drive inhibitor development including how elements of the innate immune response play a role in inhibitor development. There are promising therapies that may suppress an active immune response. Models to assess the immune responses are becoming ever more sophisticated. Newer models can be used at the preclinical level to evaluate the role of MHC-class II presentation of antigens in both in vitro cell culture studies and in vivo in @entity19 that express either the protein to be studied or that express @entity1 MHC-class II proteins. Parallel to work designed to reduce or reverse inhibitors is development of improved therapies including bypassing agents to treat @entity1 with inhibitors. With these new treatment modalities comes the problem of assessing efficacy at the preclinical level. Models to evaluate @entity548 are being developed that may give a more subtle assessment of bypassing agents. These models represent in part an attempt to incorporate the role of ongoing @entity548 into the evaluation. Overall, these newer models have great potential in preclinical studies to evaluate the risk of inhibitor development of new therapeutics and to assess the functionality of these new therapeutics.

title: Models for assessing immunogenicity and efficacy of new therapeutics for the treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['transgenic mice']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity447 :: ('MESH:D006467', 'Disease') :: ['haemophilia']

answer: @entity447 :: (MESH:D006467,Disease) :: ['haemophilia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The hypothetical model of dynamic biomarkers for @entity195 ( @entity195 ) describes high @entity527 and hypometabolism at the @entity73 ( @entity73 ) stage. However, it remains unknown whether @entity2783 and hypometabolism follow the same trajectories in @entity73 individuals. We used the concept of early @entity73 (EMCI) and late @entity73 (LMCI) as defined by the @entity195 Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI)-Go in order to compare the biomarker profile between EMCI and LMCI. OBJECTIVES: To examine the global and voxel-based neocortical amyloid burden and metabolism among individuals who are cognitively normal (CN), as well as those with EMCI, LMCI and mild @entity195 . METHODS: In the present study, 354 @entity1 , including CN (n = 109), EMCI (n = 157), LMCI (n = 39) and @entity195 (n = 49), were enrolled between September 2009 and November 2011 through ADNI-GO and ADNI-2. @entity75 and metabolism were estimated using @entity31043 and @entity419 ( @entity419 ) PET, respectively. Uptake ratio images of @entity31043 and @entity419 were calculated by dividing the summed PET image by the median counts of the grey matter of the cerebellum and pons, respectively. Group differences of global @entity31043 and @entity419 were analyzed using ANOVA, while the voxel-based group differences were estimated using @entity12945 ( @entity12945 ). RESULTS: EMCI @entity1 showed higher global @entity31043 retention compared to CN and lower uptake compared to LMCI. @entity12945 detected higher @entity31043 uptake in EMCI compared to CN in the precuneus, posterior cingulate, medial and dorsal lateral prefrontal cortices, bilaterally. EMCI showed lower @entity31043 retention than LMCI in the superior temporal, inferior parietal, as well as dorsal lateral prefrontal cortices, bilaterally. Regarding to the global @entity419 , EMCI @entity1 showed no significant difference from CN and a higher uptake ratio compared to LMCI. At the voxel level, EMCI showed higher metabolism in precuneus, hippocampus, entorhinal and inferior parietal cortices, as compared to LMCI. CONCLUSIONS: The present results indicate that brain metabolism remains normal despite the presence of significant amyloid accumulation in EMCI. These results suggest a role for anti-amyloid interventions in EMCI aiming to delay or halt the deposition of amyloid and related @entity209 .

title: Dissociation between @entity75 and metabolism in early XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity527 :: ('MESH:D058225', 'Disease') :: ['amyloid deposition']

entities_list: @entity419 :: ('MESH:D019788', 'Chemical') :: ['[(18)F]FDG', '[(18)F]fluorodeoxyglucose']

entities_list: @entity2783 :: ('MESH:D000686', 'Disease') :: ['brain amyloidosis']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['Brain amyloid load']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['MCI', 'mild cognitive impairment']

entities_list: @entity12945 :: ('MESH:D010249', 'Disease') :: ['statistic parametric mapping', 'SPM']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['AD', "Alzheimer's disease"]

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolism impairment']

answer: @entity73 :: (MESH:D003072,Disease) :: ['mild cognitive impairment']


abstract: Substantial efforts have been devoted to improving the means for early and accurate diagnosis of ventilator-associated (VA) @entity55 in intensive care unit (ICU) @entity1 because of its high incidence and mortality. A good diagnostic yield has been reported from quantitative cultures of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid or a protected specimen brush, both obtained by fiberoptic bronchoscopy. As bronchoscopy requires specific skills and is costly, we evaluated a simpler method to obtain BAL fluid, that is, by a catheter introduced blindly into the bronchial tree. Quantitative cultures from bronchoscopically sampled BAL (B-BAL) and blindly nonbronchoscopically collected BAL (NB-BAL) were assessed for sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value for the diagnosis of @entity2489 . A total of 40 pairs of samples were examined in 28 @entity1 requiring prolonged mechanical ventilation and presenting a high risk of developing @entity55 . For comparison with bacteriologic data we defined a clinical score for @entity55 ranging from zero to 12 using the following variables: body temperature, leukocyte count, volume and character of tracheal secretions, arterial oxygenation, chest X-ray, Gram stain, and culture of tracheal aspirate. To quantify the bacteria in BAL the bacterial index (BI) was used, defined as the sum of the logarithm of the number of bacteria cultured per milliliter of BAL fluid. A good correlation between clinical score and quantitative bacteriology was observed (r = 0.84 for B-BAL and 0.76 for NB-BAL; p less than 0.0001). Similar to studies in @entity6599 , @entity1 with @entity358 could be distinguished by a BI greater than or equal to 5 with a sensitivity of 93% and a specificity of 100% (B-BAL).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Diagnosis of ventilator-associated XXXX by bacteriologic analysis of bronchoscopic and nonbronchoscopic "blind" bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity2489 :: ('MESH:D053717', 'Disease') :: ['VA pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary infection']

answer: @entity55 :: (MESH:D011014,Disease) :: ['pneumonia']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) have been used increasingly in burn @entity1 who often have decreased intravascular volumes and obtaining intravascular access for resuscitative efforts can be difficult. A potentially serious complication is @entity281 . The purpose of our study is to examine the impact of antibiotic impregnated PICC lines on the @entity2259 rate in a regional burn center. METHODS: Consecutive @entity1 admitted to the burn unit and receiving an antibiotic impregnated PICC line were included in the study. Baseline demographics and @entity2259 rate was recorded. A retrospective chart review was then undertaken of the 30 consecutive @entity1 admitted to the burn unit and receiving a PICC line prior to the study period. RESULTS: Nineteen @entity1 were enrolled over the two-year period. The @entity2259 rate for the study group was 0% compared to the 50% @entity2259 rate of the retrospective control group (p=<0.001). CONCLUSION: Antibiotic impregnated PICC lines decrease the @entity2259 rate in our burn population. This has potential benefits for both @entity1 morbidity and mortality as well as potential cost savings for the healthcare system.

title: The impact of antibiotic impregnated PICC lines on the incidence of XXXX in a regional burn center.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['bloodstream infection']

entities_list: @entity2259 :: ('MESH:D016470', 'Disease') :: ['bacteremia']

answer: @entity2259 :: (MESH:D016470,Disease) :: ['bacteremia']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: OBJECTIVE The clinical significance of the Simpson system for grading the extent of @entity1653 resection and its role as a predictor of the recurrence of World Health Organization (WHO) Grade I @entity1653 have been questioned in the past, echoing changes in @entity1653 surgery over the years. The authors reviewed their experience in resecting WHO Grade I @entity1653 and assessed the association between extent of resection, as evaluated using the Simpson classification, and @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) of @entity1 after @entity1653 surgery. METHODS Clinical and radiological information for @entity1 with WHO Grade I @entity1653 who had undergone resective surgery over the past 20 years was retrospectively reviewed. Simpson and Shinshu grading scales were used to evaluate the extent of resection. Statistical analysis was conducted using Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional-hazards regression. RESULTS Four hundred fifty-eight @entity1 were eligible for analysis. Overall @entity5 recurrence rates for Simpson resection Grades I, II, III, and IV were 5%, 22%, 31%, and 35%, respectively. After Cox regression analysis, Simpson Grade I (extensive resection) was revealed as a significant predictor of @entity1349 (p = 0.003). @entity1 undergoing Simpson Grade I and II resections showed significant improvement in @entity1349 compared with @entity1 undergoing Grade III and IV resections (p = 0.005). Extent of resection had a significant effect on recurrence rates for both skull base (p = 0.047) and convexity (p = 0.012) @entity1653 . Female sex and a Karnofsky Performance Scale score > 70 were also identified as independent predictors of @entity1349 after resection of WHO @entity1653 . CONCLUSIONS In this @entity1 cohort, a significant association was noted between extent of resection and rates of @entity5 recurrence. In the authors' experience the Simpson grading system maintains its relevance and prognostic value and can serve an important role for @entity1 education. Even though complete @entity5 resection is the goal, surgery should be tailored to each @entity1 according to the risks and surgical morbidity.

title: Relevance of Simpson grading system and @entity1349 after surgery for World Health Organization XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1653 :: ('MESH:D008579', 'Disease') :: ['meningioma', 'Grade I meningioma', 'meningiomas']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['RFS', 'recurrence-free survival']

answer: @entity1653 :: (MESH:D008579,Disease) :: ['Grade I meningioma']