abstract: Predictable vascular responses to @entity130 can occur where blood vessels are occluded in and just beneath the site of @entity130 . The loss of vascular patency is linked to the development of @entity63 in the surrounding skin. Several mechanisms may be responsible for this occlusion, and their identification will provide a logical means for prevention or reversal of the occlusion. The role of fibrin deposition was investigated here using a @entity35 burn model. If an intravascular fibrin clot is a primary cause of @entity432 , the depletion of circulating fibrinogen should prevent its deposition. Ancrod, a pit viper venom trypsin-like proteinase, when given systemically, converts fibrinogen into a soluble product which does not clot. In studies here, the host is depleted of fibrinogen by intravenous injections of ancrod for 3 days before standard burn @entity130 . @entity130 in defibrinogenized @entity35 resulted in greatly reduced local @entity432 . These results support the idea that @entity432 caused by @entity130 is dependent on the deposition of fibrin. It is conjectured that the @entity432 of @entity130 can be reversed by preventing or breaking down intravascular fibrin clots.

title: Ancrod prevents @entity432 in thermally injured XXXX .

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['early occlusion', 'vascular occlusion']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['Burn injury', 'trauma', 'burn injury']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: Antibodies against @entity1 inhibin, a peptide hormone produced by ovarian granulosa cells to inhibit FSH, are widely applied to determine serum inhibin levels. Recently, they were, however, proved also to stain follicle cells in ovarian tissue by immunoreactions in histological sections. The commercially available inhibin antibody produced by Serotec, applied to sections of @entity982 blocks, stained follicle epithelia in 6/6 samples of ovarian tissue from females under the age of 40 recruited from the archives. Adult granulosa cell @entity5 tissue samples from @entity5 of the ovary showed positive reaction in 6/6 cases. No positive reaction was found in staining tissues from @entity2698 from males (0/3), @entity2909 , @entity1822 , and a @entity320 (0/5), serving as negative controls. No positive reactions could be observed in @entity5 cells of 10 @entity43 , whereas in two of these cases single cells of the specialized @entity43 stained positively with inhibin. Positive immunostainings were revealed in three late metastases (two within the liver) from @entity722 in females, primarily misinterpreted as @entity2698 or @entity1822 , because the previously resected primaries of the ovary were not known at the time of liver surgery. The recognition of @entity722 , especially the distinction of the sarcomatoid growth type from soft tissue @entity5 , may be difficult, even if immunostaining for intermediate filaments are applied. Immunostaining by antibodies against inhibin, which can be applied reliably in histopathology, may therefore provide a useful tool to distinguish between @entity722 and genuine soft tissue @entity5 . This is also of clinical importance, because treatment of the former by @entity900 -based polychemotherapy and antisex hormone therapy proved to be helpful. Furthermore, the inhibin antibody can be used as an early serum marker for detecting @entity5 recurrence months before clinical evidence.

title: Monoclonal antibodies against inhibin represent key markers of adult XXXX of the ovary even in their metastases. A report of three cases with late metastasis, being previously misinterpreted as @entity2698 .

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian carcinomas', 'ovarian stroma']

entities_list: @entity722 :: ('MESH:D006106', 'Disease') :: ['granulosa cell tumors']

entities_list: @entity2698 :: ('MESH:D006393', 'Disease') :: ['hemangiopericytomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'primary tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity1822 :: ('MESH:D007890', 'Disease') :: ['leiomyosarcomas']

entities_list: @entity982 :: ('MESH:D010232', 'Chemical') :: ['paraffin']

entities_list: @entity2909 :: ('MESH:D007889', 'Disease') :: ['leiomyomas']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['malignant melanoma']

answer: @entity722 :: (MESH:D006106,Disease) :: ['granulosa cell tumors']


abstract: There is increasing evidence of @entity62 in @entity1 with @entity3119 ( @entity3119 ). The results of previous diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) studies, however, are inconsistent. Reasons for this inconsistency may include methodological issues such as misregistration, the differences in smoothing voxel-based morphometry style analysis or both. To date there are no DTI studies with tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) which overcome these issues. In addition, previous studies had few drug-free @entity1 , thus potentially reducing their power and obscuring their findings. Therefore, the aim of present study was to investigate @entity62 using DTI and TBSS analysis in a large sample of drug-free @entity1 with @entity3119 . Thirty drug-free @entity1 with @entity3119 and 30 healthy controls underwent DTI. Fourteen of 30 @entity1 were drug na  ve. Voxel-wise group comparison of white matter fractional anisotropy (FA) was performed using TBSS. Compared to healthy volunteers, @entity3119 @entity1 had statistically less FA in the anterior body of corpus callosum (CC) (p  <  .05, corrected). They also had a trend for a lower FA in the large portion of CC, the right cingulum, and the left anterior limb of internal capsule (ALIC). There were no areas of the brain with significantly higher FA. This is the first study that has investigated @entity62 in non-medicated @entity1 with @entity3119 using DTI and TBSS analyses. Microstructural @entity62 in the CC, the cingulum, and the ALIC might be involved in the pathophysiology of @entity3119 .

title: Diffusion tensor imaging and tract-based spatial statistics in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['white matter abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity3119 :: ('MESH:D009771', 'Disease') :: ['OCD', 'obsessive-compulsive disorder']

answer: @entity3119 :: (MESH:D009771,Disease) :: ['obsessive-compulsive disorder']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Curative resection is often contraindicated in @entity1 with @entity1224 by @entity146 . PURPOSE: To evaluate the safety and clinical effectiveness of covered retrievable self-expandable @entity5648 stents placed in @entity1 with @entity1224 caused by benign or @entity1374 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: From 1996 to 2009, covered retrievable self-expandable @entity5648 stents were placed in nine symptomatic @entity1 with malignant (n=7) or benign (n=2) @entity1374 . Improvement in @entity1 respiratory status, complications and their management, and survival data were evaluated. Stents were removed if stent-related complications occurred or the stents were no longer necessary. RESULTS: A total of 11 stents were successfully placed without procedure-related complications. Improvement of more than one @entity1353 grade was seen in eight of nine @entity1 (89%), while the ninth @entity1 underwent intubation due to upper airway swelling. Stent migration, sputum retention, and @entity5 overgrowth occurred in 27.3% (n=3), 9.1% (n=1), and 9.1% (n=1) of the stents, respectively. A total of six stents were successfully removed because of stent-related complications (n=4) or after total thyroidectomy (n=2). In two @entity1 with @entity5651 , a stable airway was maintained until total thyroidectomy. CONCLUSION: Placement of covered retrievable self-expandable @entity5648 stents was safe and effective in @entity1 with @entity1224 caused by benign or @entity1374 . Stent retrievability was very useful in cases of stent-related complications. In @entity1 with @entity1374 , stent placement can serve as an effective bridge to surgery.

title: Management of tracheal obstruction caused by benign or @entity1374 using covered retrievable self-expandable XXXX stents.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive thyroid disease']

entities_list: @entity5651 :: ('MESH:D006042', 'Disease') :: ['benign thyroid goiters']

entities_list: @entity1224 :: ('MESH:D000402', 'Disease') :: ['airway obstruction']

entities_list: @entity1374 :: ('MESH:D013959', 'Disease') :: ['benign thyroid disease', 'malignant thyroid disease', 'thyroid disease']

answer: @entity5648 :: (MESH:C013616,Chemical) :: ['nitinol']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Occult @entity977 are said to occur in up to 20% of random autopsy examinations, yet the only oncogene known to be associated with @entity977 , @entity23756 , is found in only 40% of @entity10759 , a subtype that accounts for a minority of @entity5 . Mutations of the @entity876 @entity5 suppressor gene are thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of as many as 50% of all @entity1 @entity5 , including @entity5 of the central nervous system. The objective of this study was to determine whether @entity876 gene mutations are associated with @entity977 . DESIGN AND @entity1 : Fragments of pituitary @entity652 tissue from 29 @entity1 undergoing routine hypophysectomy for @entity5 were coated in cryostat embedding medium and frozen at -80 degrees C within 24 hours of resection. They consisted of 9 somatotroph, 4 corticotroph, 1 mammotroph and 15 endocrinologically inactive @entity652 , all of the non-invasive clinical phenotype. Sequential frozen sections were subjected to in situ hybridization analysis for anterior pituitary hormone transcripts and examined histologically to ensure that the frozen sections used to generate DNA templates for polymerase chain reaction amplification were not contaminated with non- @entity5 tissue. MEASUREMENTS: @entity876 exons 7 and 8, within which 98% of substitution mutations are thought to occur, and exons 4-6 in @entity5 immunopositive for @entity876 , were amplified by polymerase chain reaction and ligated into the vector pCR2. DNA from small-scale plasmid preparations of pCR2 containing cloned @entity876 exons from @entity1 @entity977 was sequenced using an automated fluorescence-based system (DuPont Genesis 2000) and compared with wild-type sequence. Apparent mutations were confirmed or refuted by sequencing a further 2-4 clones isolated from the same template. RESULTS: Although immunocytochemical staining patterns for wild-type @entity876 varied markedly between different @entity5 , no mutations were identified in any of the exonic sequences examined. CONCLUSIONS: @entity876 mutations, at least within the high mutation domains of @entity876 , occur infrequently in @entity1 @entity977 . Increased steady-state levels of @entity876 protein identified immunocytochemically may be a consequence of binding to other cellular proteins in these @entity5 .

title: XXXX gene mutations in @entity977 : rare events.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary tumours', 'cancers', 'tumours', 'pituitary tumour', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity977 :: ('MESH:D010911', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary adenomas']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['adenomas', 'adenoma']

entities_list: @entity10759 :: ('MESH:D049912', 'Disease') :: ['somatotrophinomas']

answer: @entity876 :: (7157,Gene) :: ['p53']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Endovascular treatment is increasingly being used in @entity64 . However, although stent retrievers show improved flow restoration rates, their clinical benefits have been uncertain. OBJECTIVE: To assess the incremental effect of using stent retrievers compared with intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (IV tPA; alteplase) alone or placebo/control. METHODS: We conducted a pooled analysis of 4 studies using stent retrievers (Solitaire), IV tPA, or placebo/control. We applied the @entity385 risk score (www.sorcan.ca/iscore) to each @entity1 to adjust for differences in baseline characteristics. We used a shift analysis to account for the potential benefits across the entire modified Rankin scale score at 90 days, adjusting for time-to-treatment, baseline Alberta @entity64 Program Early CT score, and @entity385 risk score. RESULTS: Of the 915 @entity1 in this analysis, 312 (34.1%) @entity1 received placebo, 312 (34.1%) received tPA alone, 131 (14.4%) received stent retrievers alone, and 160 (17.5) received combined therapy (IV tPA plus stent retrievers). The shift analysis revealed that more @entity1 remained independent at 90 days if receiving stent retrievers alone (number needed to treat 3.5) or combined with tPA (number needed to treat 3.1) compared with tPA alone. After adjustment, @entity1 receiving stent retrievers alone (odds ratio, 2.95; 95% confidence interval, 1.48-5.89) or combined with tPA (odds ratio, 4.45; 95% confidence interval, 2.40-8.27) were more likely to be independent at 90 days compared with tPA alone. CONCLUSION: @entity1 with acute @entity385 who received IV tPA or revascularization therapies had a higher likelihood of achieving independence at 3 months. Stent retriever technology combined with tPA was associated with the greatest benefit compared with placebo, tPA alone, or endovascular therapy alone.

title: Added Benefit of Stent Retriever Technology for Acute XXXX : A Pooled Analysis of the NINDS tPA, SWIFT, and STAR Trials.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Patients', 'patients', 'participant']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['acute stroke care', 'Stroke']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity385 :: (MESH:D002544,Disease) :: ['Ischemic Stroke']


abstract: HISTORY AND ADMISSION FINDINGS: During a routine check-up, a 37-year-old @entity1 was found to have elevated levels of serum @entity5428 transferase (gamma GTP) and IgA- and IgM-antibodies. One of the @entity1 's brothers had died at the age of six from @entity879 . We found a palpably enlarged liver with normal consistency and no particular helpful laboratory results. INVESTIGATIONS: The abdominal ultrasound and computed tomography (CT) showed segmental and saccular dilatations of the biliary tract, hepatofugal flow in the portal vein, multiple collateral vessels as well as a mild @entity381 . Histopathology revealed @entity409 , a dilatated and branched biliary tract lined by cubical epithelium. COURSE: Gastroscopy showed lowgrade esophageal varices. Seventeen months after the initial presentation there were no significant changes of the laboratory tests or the ultrasound. CONCLUSIONS: The defective remodelling of the ductal plate (" @entity513 ") is associated with @entity1141 of the biliary tract. Depending on the localisation of the lesions within the biliary tract and whether it is a more cystic or more fibrotic component, there are different malformations caused by @entity513 . We diagnosed @entity7872 , because of the atypical age of presentation, it could be the "adult form" of @entity1575 .

title: ["Adult form" of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5428 :: ('CHEBI:24190', 'Chemical') :: ['gamma-glutamyl']

entities_list: @entity879 :: ('MESH:D017114', 'Disease') :: ['acute liver failure']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['fibrotic liver parenchyma']

entities_list: @entity513 :: ('MESH:D044584', 'Disease') :: ['ductal plate malformation']

entities_list: @entity7872 :: ('MESH:C562378', 'Disease') :: ['congenital hepatic fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity381 :: ('MESH:D013163', 'Disease') :: ['splenomegaly']

entities_list: @entity1575 :: ('MESH:D008103', 'Disease') :: ['congenital liver fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['dysplasia']

answer: @entity1575 :: (MESH:D008103,Disease) :: ['congenital liver fibrosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To detect the expression of @entity3783 and @entity3744 in @entity19 @entity565 model, and the effect of @entity619 ( @entity3784 ) on it. METHODS: BALB/c @entity19 were randomly divided into three groups which were of normal control group, asthmatic group and @entity3784 treatment group. The pathological changes of lungs were detected by HE staining. The expressions of @entity3783 and @entity3744 from lungs were evaluated by Western blot and RT-PCR. The expression of @entity3744 from bone marrow of asthmatic group and @entity3784 treatment group were detected by RT-PCR. RESULTS: The expression of @entity3744 in asthmatic group and @entity3784 treatment group was significantly higher than that of normal control group (P < 0.05), @entity3784 could promote the expression of @entity3744 (P < 0.05). The expression level of @entity3783 in asthmatic group and @entity3784 treatment group was higher than that of normal control group (P < 0.05), but no significant difference was observed between asthmatic and @entity3784 treatment groups (P > 0.05). Expressed @entity3744 mRNA in bone marrow were detected in both asthmatic and @entity3784 treatment groups, but higher expression level was observed in @entity3784 treatment group. CONCLUSION: The expression of @entity3783 and @entity3744 increased in @entity19 @entity565 model, @entity3784 could promote the expression. Cells in bone marrow could express @entity3744 , @entity3784 maybe promote the expression of @entity3744 .

title: [The expression of @entity3783 and @entity3744 in @entity19 XXXX and the effect of @entity619 ].

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['dexamethasone']

answer: @entity565 :: (MESH:D001249,Disease) :: ['asthma']


abstract: @entity6 is a syndrome whose recognition may be difficult or delayed. We reviewed thirteen @entity1 with this disorder, all of whom had significant proximal lower limb @entity5653 and @entity425 as the predominant feature and eleven of whom had @entity158 in the affected limbs. Significant @entity353 was common. In nine @entity1 the deficits were largely or totally reversible. Important variations from the classical features were observed. Only five @entity1 displayed asymmetric proximal lower limb @entity5653 , @entity425 and @entity158 in the remainder being either unilateral or bilateral and symmetrical. The shoulder girdle and arms were also involved in two @entity1 . @entity158 was not invariable, a @entity1897 was common, and @entity6 control at diagnosis was likely to be good. No prognostic factors were identified. Thus, not all @entity1 with @entity6 amyotrophy exhibit the classically-described features. Other than careful clinical examination, a thorough bilateral electromyographic and nerve conduction study remains the most helpful diagnostic test. Appreciation of the clinical spectrum and context of @entity6 amyotrophy should facilitate its differentiation from other disorders, including other forms of @entity3949 .

title: XXXX : reassessment of the clinical spectrum.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetic amyotrophy', 'diabetic']

entities_list: @entity3949 :: ('MESH:D003929', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['weakness']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['distal sensory peripheral neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'pain, motor deficits', 'Proximal limb pain']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['Diabetic amyotrophy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6459 (CD105) has been considered a prognostic marker for @entity157 ( @entity157 ), and widely used as an appropriate targeting for antiangenesis therapy in some @entity5 . Our aim was to evaluate the distribution and expression of CD105 in the liver of @entity1 with @entity157 , and to discuss whether CD105 may be used as an appropriate targeting for antiangenesis therapy in @entity157 . METHODS: Three parts of liver tissues from each of 64 @entity1 with @entity157 were collected: @entity5 tissues (TT), @entity5 ( @entity5 ) liver tissues within 2 cm, and @entity8650 ( @entity8650 ) 5 cm far from the @entity5 edge. Liver samples from 8 @entity1 without @entity409 served as @entity23 ( @entity23 ). The distribution and expression of CD105 in tissues were evaluated by immunohistochemistry, Western blotting analysis, and real-time PCR. @entity7738 and @entity1655 protein levels in tissues were analyzed by Immunohistochemistry and Western blotting analysis or ELISA. RESULTS: CD105 was positively stained mostly in a subset of microvessels 'endothelial sprouts' in TT of all @entity1 while CD105 showed diffuse positive staining, predominantly on hepatic sinus endothelial cells in the surrounding of draining veins in @entity8650 and @entity5 . The mean score of @entity11409 -CD105 (mean +/- SD/0.74 mm2) was 19.00 +/- 9.08 in @entity23 , 153.12 +/- 53.26 in @entity8650 , 191.12 +/- 59.17 in @entity5 , and 85.43 +/- 44.71 in TT, respectively. Using a paired t test, the expression of CD105 in @entity5 and @entity8650 was higher than in TT at protein ( @entity11409 , p = 0.012 and p = 0.007, respectively) and mRNA levels (p < 0.001 and p = 0.009, respectively). Moreover, distribution and expression of CD105 protein were consistent with those of @entity7738 and @entity1655 protein in liver of @entity1 with @entity157 . The level of CD105 mRNA correlated with @entity1655 level in @entity8650 (r = 0.790, p = 0.002), @entity5 (r = 0.723, p < 0.001), and TT (r = 0.473, p = 0.048), respectively. CONCLUSION: It is demonstrated that CD105 was not only present in neovessels in @entity5 tissues, but also more abundant in hepatic sinus endothelium in @entity5 tissues with @entity82 . Therefore, CD105 may not be an appropriate targeting for antiangenesis therapy in @entity157 , especially with @entity82 .

title: Particular distribution and expression pattern of XXXX (CD105) in the liver of @entity1 with @entity157 .

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity8650 :: ('MESH:D012983', 'Disease') :: ['TF', 'tumor free tissues']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancers', 'AT', 'adjacent non-tumor', 'non-tumor']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver diseases']

entities_list: @entity23 :: ('MESH:D007174', 'Disease') :: ['healthy controls', 'HC']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'hepatocellular carcinoma']

answer: @entity6459 :: (2022,Gene) :: ['endoglin']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Falling is one of the most common and serious public health problems. It can cause injuries such as sprains and @entity174 , and hospitalization may be required for serious injuries. @entity1 with @entity191 have a higher risk of falls, and @entity322 is a known risk factor for falls in the elderly. However, whether other @entity132 contribute to the risk of falling remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to identify the association between falls and @entity132 in @entity191 . METHODS: A prospective cohort study was conducted at a single institution with a 6-month observation period. Subjects were ambulatory @entity1 with @entity191 . Assessments included @entity1 demographics, disease severity measured by the Hoehn and Yahr scale, and @entity132 measured using the overactive bladder symptom score (OABSS). Falls were reported using a self-documented fall record. RESULTS: A total of 97 @entity1 were included. Forty-four subjects experienced one or more falls during the observation period. The frequency of urination was not related to falling; however, mild urinary urgency, but not severe urinary urgency, increased the risk of falls by an odds ratio of 5.14 (95% confidence interval: 1.51-17.48). Mild urinary urgency was also associated with the time to the first fall and the frequency of falls. One third of falls occurred in the living room, and 13.8% of falls occurred on the way to/from the toilet. CONCLUSION: Falls in @entity1 with @entity191 might be associated with urinary urgency, but not with the frequency of urination.

title: Influence of urinary urgency and other XXXX on falls in @entity191 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['urinary incontinence']

entities_list: @entity132 :: ('MESH:D010468', 'Disease') :: ['urinary disturbances']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease"]

answer: @entity132 :: (MESH:D010468,Disease) :: ['urinary disturbances']


abstract: Abstract The aim of this study is to investigate preoperative and postoperative properties, the management of @entity8924 , and to offer an algorithm for @entity8924 . For this research study, 248 @entity1 with @entity2694 were evaluated according to an offered algorithm. @entity892 , @entity9577 , @entity10244 , @entity129 , and @entity1319 limitations were documented for clinical assessment. Orbital rim displacement and an orbital volume check with computed tomography (CT) were used for indication of surgery. The injured orbital volume was compared with the healthy orbital volume in the preoperative and postoperative periods. In total, 58 @entity1 required operations among the 248 @entity1 , according to the algorithm. The preoperative mean injured orbital volume measurements of the operated @entity1 were statistically different than the healthy orbital volume measurements (30.13 cm(3)    2.69 cm(3) and 27.15 cm(3)    1.29 cm(3), respectively). In the postoperative period, there was no difference between the injured and healthy orbital volume. In conclusion, an algorithm may facilitate the approach to @entity8924 . Ophthalmic examination, rim displacement, and the measurement of orbital volume using computed tomography are key points of @entity8924 with regard to management.

title: Analysis of XXXX with a new treatment algorithm.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity129 :: ('MESH:D003389', 'Disease') :: ['infraorbital nerve dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity9577 :: ('MESH:D015841', 'Disease') :: ['enophthalmos']

entities_list: @entity2694 :: ('MESH:D009916', 'Disease') :: ['orbital trauma']

entities_list: @entity8924 :: ('MESH:D009917', 'Disease') :: ['unilateral complex orbital fractures', 'orbital fractures']

entities_list: @entity892 :: ('MESH:D004172', 'Disease') :: ['Diplopia']

entities_list: @entity1319 :: ('MESH:D015835', 'Disease') :: ['ocular movement']

answer: @entity8924 :: (MESH:D009917,Disease) :: ['unilateral complex orbital fractures']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Arterial stiffness, a measure of macrovascular damage predictive of poor cardio-vascular outcomes, is strongly related to age and @entity101 ( @entity101 ). In @entity6 @entity1 @entity1897 ( @entity1897 ) has been found to be associated with increased arterial stiffness, which might be due to the concomitant presence of @entity101 . The aim of this study was to examine in type-2 @entity6 @entity1 , the relationship between arterial stiffness and presence or absence of @entity1897 and @entity101 separately. METHODS AND RESULTS: Arterial stiffness was measured with the gold standard carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity ( @entity122 ) in 447 type-2 @entity6 subjects of whom 66% were @entity101 , 53% had @entity1897 , and 40% had both. @entity1 with @entity1897 were older, more often @entity101 and had higher @entity122 than those free of @entity1897 . @entity1 were separated according to the presence or absence of @entity1897 and @entity101 . @entity122 values above the 90th percentile age- and blood pressure-adjusted reference range ( @entity122 +) were different across these groups (p  <  0.005) with the following respective prevalences: 27.2%, 53.4%, 33.3% and 30.6%. Only @entity122 + was significantly associated with @entity1897 and @entity101 in the interaction analysis. CONCLUSION: Well controlled @entity101 @entity1 did not have elevated arterial stiffness compared to normotensive @entity1 . This might be due to anti- @entity101 treatment although our study design does not allow us to confirm it. A strong association between @entity1897 and arterial stiffness was only present in normotensive @entity1 , suggesting that normotensive type 2 @entity6 @entity1 with @entity1897 and elevated arterial stiffness should be carefully managed to prevent future macrovascular complications.

title: Arterial stiffness is elevated in normotensive type 2 @entity6 @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['HT', 'hypertension', 'hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['PN', 'peripheral neuropathy']

answer: @entity1897 :: (MESH:D010523,Disease) :: ['peripheral neuropathy']


abstract: An overload @entity4040 occurs consistently in the palmar region of the metacarpal condyle of the @entity1641 fetlock (metacarpophalangeal) joint characterized by subchondral @entity79 , devitalization and mechanical failure leading to collapse of the overlying articular cartilage. Samples were selected of joints with mild, moderate, and severe @entity2001 , in which cartilage collapse had not yet occurred. An additional group that had severe @entity1463 with focal rarefaction suggesting impending collapse was also studied (n=5/group). Parasagittal slices were milled to 2.0 mm thickness and subjected to palmar forces 50 to 200% of those applied by the sesamoid bone at angles corresponding to early, mid and late stance support phases of the gait cycle. From contact radiographs in the loaded and unloaded samples, strains were determined by recognizing displacements in the trabecular patterns using texture correlation analysis. Failure did not occur in any of the samples. Strains were generally proportional to the forces applied and greatest at midstance. Strain patterns varied between samples and with the different loading positions. With @entity79 there was greater shear strain in overlying trabeculae. Strain patterns were not consistently different within the @entity3808 bone at the site of failure. Focally higher strains at the surface were sometimes related to the edge of the platen which was molded to mimic the sesamoid bone in vivo. These results indicate that @entity3808 thickening of subchondral bone transmits stresses to overlying trabeculae. No consistent strain pattern was recognized where devitalization and mechanical failure occurs. Focally higher strains related to the edge of the opposing sesamoid bone may play a role.

title: Overload XXXX : strain patterns in the @entity1641 metacarpal condyle.

entities_list: @entity4040 :: ('MESH:C537208', 'Disease') :: ['arthrosis']

entities_list: @entity3808 :: ('MESH:C538213', 'Disease') :: ['sclerotic']

entities_list: @entity2001 :: ('MESH:D001845', 'Disease') :: ['subchondral sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone sclerosis', 'increased subchondral bone sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity1463 :: ('MESH:D012598', 'Disease') :: ['sclerosis']

answer: @entity4040 :: (MESH:C537208,Disease) :: ['arthrosis']


abstract: This retrospective study was undertaken to assess the cost-benefit aspects of @entity1702 ( @entity1702 ), versus @entity5274 ( @entity5274 ) in the palliation of obstructing @entity5 . Over a 4 year period, 50 @entity1 received palliative endoscopic intubation for inoperable esophageal malignancy. @entity1 either received an @entity5274 or a newer, but more expensive, @entity1702 , both inserted under general anaesthetic. Both @entity1 cohorts were assessed in terms of the severity of their @entity1282 and scored according to Atkinson and Fergusons' classification both pre- and post-operatively. Other factors that were considered included length of hospital stay, number of interventions, admission to the Intensive Treatment Unit (ITU), and rates of post-operative complication. The majority of @entity5 were either @entity1544 . The location of the @entity5 (upper, middle or lower) were similar in each group as was the mean length of @entity5 being 7 cms in @entity1702 and 5 cms in @entity5274 . There were significantly more complications in the @entity5274 group compared to the @entity1702 group (p < 0.05). The most common complications in the @entity5274 group were tube displacement (21%), @entity5 overgrowth (26%) and esophageal perforation (13%). In contrast complications of the @entity1702 group were @entity5 overgrowth (15%) and esophageal perforation (8%). Mean hospital stay was 3 (1-30) days for @entity1702 and 8 (2-122) days for @entity5274 (p < 0.05). The median total cost of hospital stay was 1745 pounds (1027-5424) for @entity1702 versus 2349 pounds (1163-24,481) for @entity5274 .

title: A cost-benefit comparison of self-expanding metal stents and Atkinson tubes for the palliation of obstructing XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors', 'esophageal tumors']

entities_list: @entity1702 :: ('MESH:D013651', 'Disease') :: ['self expanding metal stents', 'SEMS']

entities_list: @entity5274 :: ('MESH:D005184', 'Disease') :: ['AT', 'Atkinson Tubes']

entities_list: @entity1544 :: ('MESH:D018307', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['dysphagia']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['esophageal tumors']


abstract: Fifteen @entity1 with @entity4089 and @entity4611 (5 @entity1 ), microadenomas (6 @entity1 ), or @entity2012 (4 @entity1 ) were given a single intramuscular injection of 50 mg @entity2847 bound to @entity7049 microspheres, depot- @entity2847 . None of the @entity1 had any short-term or long-term discomfort from the injection. In the 11 @entity1 with @entity2013 , serum prolactin fell to minimum levels 12-72 h post-injection; nine @entity1 were highly responsive to depot- @entity2847 , with a mean serum prolactin of 12.9% of basal levels 24 h post-injection, rising to 19% at 28 days. Two @entity1 with @entity2013 were resistant to both depot- @entity2847 , and large doses of oral @entity935 agonists. Initiating side-effects ( @entity390 , @entity391 , symptomatic @entity551 ) were seen in five @entity1 in the first 24 h post-injection, but were minimal or absent thereafter. Five of six @entity1 previously intolerant of oral @entity935 agonists were able to be transferred successfully to @entity2847 5 mg daily at 4 weeks. Of the four @entity1 with @entity2012 , raised prolactin levels were successfully lowered to normal for 4 weeks after injection; serum GH was also partially lowered, but returned to baseline levels at 2-4 weeks. In one patient serum GH was resistant to suppression by both depot @entity2847 and high doses of oral @entity2847 . One @entity1 with a large @entity5 and @entity227 showed a rapid and maintained improvement in visual fields and acuity after depot- @entity2847 , and was successfully transferred to high-dose oral @entity2847 at 4 weeks.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Depot- @entity2847 treatment for @entity2013 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4089 :: ('MESH:D006966', 'Disease') :: ['hyperprolactinaemia']

entities_list: @entity2847 :: ('MESH:D001971', 'Chemical') :: ['bromocriptine']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual field defects']

entities_list: @entity2013 :: ('MESH:D015175', 'Disease') :: ['prolactinomas']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity7049 :: ('MESH:C010506', 'Chemical') :: ['polylactic acid']

entities_list: @entity4611 :: ('MESH:D010900', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary macroadenomas']

entities_list: @entity2012 :: ('MESH:D000172', 'Disease') :: ['acromegaly']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['postural hypotension']

answer: @entity2012 :: (MESH:D000172,Disease) :: ['acromegaly']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To systematically assess the efficacy and safety of Rhodiola in treating @entity5749 . METHODS: Our group searched the Cochrane library, PubMed, Embase, Chinese biomedical literature database (CBM), @entity3549 database ( @entity3549 ), Chinese Journal Full-text Database (CNKI) for the literature published in English and Chinese till April 2013. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included on the therapeutic effect of Rhodiola or Rhodiola plus conventional Western medicine in comparison with the conventional Western medicine treatment on @entity5749 . Data were extracted according the data extraction form. The literature methodological quality was assessed by using the Cochrane handbook, and data analyzed by Rev- @entity1 5.2 Software for Meta-analysis. The effect indicators of outcomes was expressed by odds ratio (OR) and 95% CI. RESULTS: A total of 7 randomized controlled trials, 662 cases of stable @entity951 @entity1 met the inclusion criteria and all published in Chinese, without one scientific design and high quality literature. Compared with the conventional Western medicine treatment, combined with oral administration of Rhodiola could improve the efficiency of anti- @entity951 (OR = 2.49, 95% CI: 1.02 - 6.09). Combined with intravenous infusion of Rhodiola could also improve the efficacy of @entity951 (OR = 4.86, 95% CI: 2.4 - 9.82). Oral administration of Rhodiola couldn't improve ECG efficacy (OR = 1.25, 95% CI: 0.67 - 2.34). Intravenous infusion of Rhodiola could improve the clinical efficacy (OR = 2.94, 95% CI: 1.61 - 5.35). Combined with the conventional treatment, intravenous infusion of Rhodiola could improve the whole blood viscosity (low and high shear rates) and inverse variance (IV) (-1.36 and -0.99, 95% CI: -1.65 - 1.07 and -1.26 - 0.71), but could not reduce serum @entity2002 and D-dimer level. The incidence rate of adverse reactions was higher than that of the conventional treatment combined with Rhodiola (OR = 0.1, 95% CI: 0.02 - 0.51). CONCLUSIONS: On the basis of routine treatment, Rhodiola could further improve @entity1 ' symptoms. Combined with intravenous medication, Rhodiola could increase the ECG improvement rate, and reduce adverse reactions. But the methodological quality of included studies was poor, the number of samples was small, and influence factors such as the intervention period was short. This conclusion needs scientific and rational design in a larger sample, multicenter clinical trial to verify.

title: [A system review of randomized controlled trials on treating XXXX by rhodiola].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Man']

entities_list: @entity5749 :: ('MESH:D060050', 'Disease') :: ['stable angina', 'chronic stable angina pectoris']

entities_list: @entity951 :: ('MESH:D000787', 'Disease') :: ['angina pectoris', 'angina']

answer: @entity5749 :: (MESH:D060050,Disease) :: ['chronic stable angina']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Only 4 prospective randomized phase 3 trials have been reported for @entity5 . A prognostic factor analysis for @entity5 from a prospective database has been published from only 1 study (N = 110). To confirm and uncover new prognostic factors, we analyzed the prospective database of intergroup RTOG 98-11. METHODS: Univariate and multivariate analyses of the baseline characteristics for 5-year @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) and disease-free survival (DFS) were carried out. Various combinations of @entity5 diameter and clinically positive nodes (N(+)) were analyzed to identify subgroups. RESULTS: A total of 644 were assessable and analyzed. @entity5 diameter >5 cm was associated with poorer 5-year DFS (P = .0003) and poorer 5-year @entity1349 (P = .0031), and N(+) was associated with poorer 5-year DFS (P </= .0001) and poorer 5-year @entity1349 (P = </= .0001) in the multivariate analysis. In stratified analyses, N(+) had more adverse influence on DFS and @entity1349 than did @entity5 diameter. @entity1 with >5-cm @entity5 and N(+) had the worst DFS (only 30% at 3 years compared with 74% for the best group; <5 cm primary and N0) and @entity1349 (only 48% at 4 years compared with 81% for the best group; <5 cm primary and N0). @entity1 had worse DFS (P = .02) and @entity1349 (P = .016). These factors maintained their influence in each treatment arm. CONCLUSIONS: This prospective prognostic factor analysis establishes @entity5 diameter as an independent prognosticator of poorer 5-year DFS and @entity1349 and confirms N(+) and male sex as poor prognostic factors. This analysis also uncovers novel subgroups (derived from combining prognostic factors) with @entity66 and @entity1349 .

title: Prognostic factors derived from a prospective database dictate clinical biology of XXXX : the intergroup trial (RTOG 98-11).

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor', 'anal cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'Men']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['incremental worsening of DFS']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['anal cancer']


abstract: @entity3009 analogues have been reported to cause periorbital pigmentation. We report a case of @entity1538 in which extensive @entity2118 was noticed as an adverse effect of the use of latanoprost (Xalatan; Pfizer Inc., Puurs, Belgium). A 63-year-old @entity1 with a 9-month history of primary @entity1538 visited our facility. The @entity726 had been inadequately controlled by @entity16495 0.2% twice daily. The topical medication had been switched to latanoprost 0.005% 6 months prior to this visit in order to better control the intraocular pressure (IOP). Extensive @entity2118 was noted by the ophthalmologist within 1 month. The latanoprost treatment was discontinued soon after the adverse effect was observed. The pigmentation became lighter and increasingly less noticeable within 3 months. Careful monitoring of the adverse effects of antiglaucoma medication is needed for @entity1 with @entity726 . We report a rare case in which latanoprost treatment could have caused pigmentation of the entire facial skin. This condition should be monitored in the future by ophthalmologists to determine other existing cases.

title: Extensive XXXX after latanoprost treatment.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1538 :: ('MESH:D005902', 'Disease') :: ['open-angle glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity3009 :: ('CHEBI:26333', 'Chemical') :: ['Prostaglandin']

entities_list: @entity16495 :: ('MESH:C015620', 'Chemical') :: ['brimonidine']

entities_list: @entity2118 :: ('MESH:D010859', 'Disease') :: ['facial skin pigmentation']

answer: @entity2118 :: (MESH:D010859,Disease) :: ['facial skin pigmentation']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Lumiracoxib is a selective @entity3840 ( @entity3840 ) inhibitor. @entity3840 inhibitors were developed to avoid @entity9859 -related gastrointestinal (GI) problems while maintaining the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of traditional non-steriodal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). OBJECTIVES: To review the analgesic efficacy, duration of @entity1337 , and adverse effects of a single oral dose of lumiracoxib for moderate to severe @entity282 in adults. SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched Cochrane CENTRAL, MEDLINE, and EMBASE to February 2010. SELECTION CRITERIA: Single oral dose, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials of lumiracoxib for relief of established moderate to severe @entity282 in adults. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Studies were assessed for methodological quality and the data extracted by two review authors independently. Summed total @entity158 relief over six hours (TOTPAR 6) was used to calculate the number of @entity1 achieving at least 50% @entity158 relief. These derived results were used to calculate, with 95% confidence intervals, the relative benefit compared to placebo, and the number needed to treat (NNT) for one @entity1 to experience at least 50% @entity158 relief over six hours. Numbers of @entity1 using rescue medication, and time to use of rescue medication, were sought as additional measures of efficacy. Information on adverse events and withdrawals was collected. MAIN RESULTS: In this updated review four studies met the inclusion criteria. In total 366 @entity1 were treated with lumiracoxib 400 mg, 51 with lumiracoxib 100 mg, and 212 with placebo. Active comparators were naproxen 500 mg, rofecoxib 50 mg, celecoxib 200 mg, celecoxib 400 mg, and ibuprofen 400 mg. With lumiracoxib 400 mg 50% of @entity1 had at least 50% @entity158 relief over six hours, compared with 8% given placebo; RB 6.9 (95% CI 4.1 to 12), NNT 2.4 (2.1 to 2.8).Median time to onset of @entity1337 was shorter for lumiracoxib 400 mg (0.6 to 1.5 hours) than placebo (>12 hours). Fewer @entity1 needed rescue medication with lumiracoxib (64%) than with placebo (91%) over 12 to 24 hours; NNT to prevent remedication 3.7 (2.9 to 5.0). The weighted median time to use of rescue medication was 9.4 hours for lumiracoxib 400 mg and 1.7 hours for placebo.Adverse events were generally mild to moderate in severity, with one serious event reported in a placebo @entity1 . AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: Lumiracoxib 400 mg given as a single oral dose is an effective analgesic for acute @entity282 , and has a relatively long duration of action. Adverse events with lumiracoxib did not differ from placebo.

title: Single dose oral lumiracoxib for XXXX in adults.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'participant', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1337 :: ('MESH:D000699', 'Disease') :: ['analgesia']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative pain']

answer: @entity282 :: (MESH:D010149,Disease) :: ['postoperative pain']


abstract: Pulsed-Doppler derived @entity450 ( @entity450 ) has been widely used for evaluating left ventricular (LV) diastolic function. The grading of LV @entity67 is feasible by the ratio of early to late diastolic inflow velocities (E/A): normal: E/A > 1, grade I: E/A < 1 (abnormal relaxation pattern), grade II: E/A > 1 (pseudonormal pattern), grade III: E/A > > 1 (restrictive pattern), and grade IV: E/A > > 1 (irreversible restrictive pattern). Pulmonary venous flow pattern is also used for evaluation of LV @entity67 , especially to differentiate a normal from pseudonormal @entity450 pattern. The ratio of systolic to diastolic pulmonary venous flow (S/D) >1 is normal and S/D < 1 is regarded as pseudonormal. Recently, tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) has been introduced as a new diagnostic tool for LV @entity67 . The mitral annular velocity obtained by TDI is used for a preload-independent index of LV diastolic function. The ratio of early transmitral inflow to mitral annular velocity (E/Ea) related well to pulmonary capillary wedge pressure. In particular, E/Ea > 15 strongly suggested elevated PCWP and LV filling pressure. Therefore, analysis of @entity450 and PVF patterns by pulsed Doppler and Ea by TDI is useful for diagnosing the uncompensated state of @entity712 . Furthermore, the @entity450 pattern is utilized to predict the prognosis of @entity1 with @entity712 . @entity1 with an irreversible restrictive filling pattern have high mortality, whereas those with, reversible restrictive filling have a high probability of improvement of @entity712 .

title: [Predictive significance of evaluation of left ventricular diastolic function in XXXX with @entity712 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['diastolic dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity450 :: ('MESH:D006940', 'Disease') :: ['transmitral flow', 'TMF']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: There has been a growing interest in @entity2 in never-smokers. METHODS: Utilizing a database from the National Hospital Study Group for Lung Cancer, information for never-smokers and ever-smokers with advanced @entity1149 was obtained from 1990 to 2005, including clinicopathologic characteristics, chemotherapy response, and survival data. Time of diagnosis was classified into two periods: 1990-1999 and 2000-2005. Multivariate analysis was performed using the Cox regression and logistic regression method, including gender, age, performance status, histology, stage, and period of diagnosis. RESULTS: There were 1499 never-smokers and 3455 ever-smokers with advanced stage IIIB and IV diseases who received cytotoxic chemotherapy. Never-smokers generally included more females, were younger, with better performance status and more @entity420 diagnosed (p < 0.0001 for all). Smoking status was a significant prognostic factor (never-smoker versus ever-smoker; hazard ratio [HR] = 0.880, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.797-0.970; p = 0.0105). In separate multivariate analysis for never-smokers and ever-smokers, female gender and better performance status (p < 0.0001 for both) were both favorable prognostic factors. However, @entity420 histology ( @entity957 ; HR = 0.790, 95% CI: 0.630-0.990; p = 0.0403) and the period after 2000 (versus before 2000; HR = 0.846, 95% CI: 0.731-0.980; p = 0.0254) were significant only in the never-smokers, and younger age (HR = 1.007, 95% CI: 1.003-1.011; p = 0.0010) was significant only in the ever-smokers. In an exploratory analysis, different profiles were observed in predictive factors for chemotherapy response between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Never-smokers with @entity1149 lived longer than ever-smokers. Gender, histology, and time of diagnosis are important factors for prognosis in these @entity1 .

title: Gender, histology, and time of diagnosis are important factors for prognosis: analysis of 1499 never-smokers with advanced XXXX in Japan.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['versus squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate septal cartilage compressive changes as a result of bilateral extended spreader grafts (ESGs), which are commonly used in rhinoplasty. The buckling, @entity397 , or @entity39 of the recipient site leads to nasal @entity85 . These pathologic changes associated with bilateral ESGs warrant the clinician's attention and in-depth basic and clinical research. METHODS: The basic experimental study involves @entity95 , randomly assigned to groups A, B, C, and D, with group A as a reference. The right auricular cartilage was harvested and transplanted into a corresponding anatomic location of the left ear. The compressive effect was studied by gross observation and microscopic examination with @entity1710 - @entity1711 staining after 3 months. In a clinical experiment, revision rhinoplasty surgical procedures were performed in 10 @entity1 @entity1 6 months to 1 year after placement of bilateral ESGs. The compressive changes of septal cartilages between the ESGs were observed intraoperatively. RESULTS: In group A of the @entity95 , no pathologic change was noted, but 2 cases of attenuation were observed in group B (33.3%), 6 cases of central @entity174 (100%) with 1 case of perforation (16.7%) in group C, and 6 cases of different degrees of defects in group D (100%). Clinical intraoperative observations revealed 1 case of defects and @entity39 (10%), 4 cases of attenuations and cracks (40%), and 5 cases of attenuations (50%). CONCLUSIONS: Septal cartilage compressive @entity39 leading to structural damage by bilateral septal ESGs is a clinically significant complication of rhinoplasty. Owing to its affect on the viability of the original septal cartilages, we believe the unilateral ESG with columellar strut is preferred, especially in Asian @entity1 .

title: Pressure XXXX of septal cartilage associated with bilateral extended spreader grafts in rhinoplasty.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity95 :: ('9986', 'Species') :: ['rabbits', 'New Zealand rabbits']

entities_list: @entity397 :: ('MESH:D012421', 'Disease') :: ['rupturing']

entities_list: @entity1710 :: ('MESH:D006416', 'Chemical') :: ['hematoxylin']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['tip structural deformity']

answer: @entity39 :: (MESH:D009336,Disease) :: ['necrosis']


abstract: Importance: Contrary to practice guidelines, breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is commonly used in the preoperative evaluation of @entity1 with @entity0 . While existing literature has found little benefit to MRI in most @entity1 , potential downstream consequences associated with breast MRI are not well described. Objective: To describe patterns of preoperative breast MRI utilization in a health care system with universal insurance and its association with downstream investigations and clinical outcomes. Design, Setting, and @entity1 : This was a population-based retrospective cohort study using administrative heath care databases in Ontario, Canada (2012 population, 13.5 million) over 14 geographic regions were evaluated within the data set. @entity1 comprised 53   015 @entity1 with primary operable @entity0 treated from 2003 to 2012. Main Outcomes and Measures: Use of preoperative breast MRI by year, geographic region, and @entity0 . Postdiagnosis imaging, biopsy, and short-term surgical outcomes were also evaluated between those who did and did not receive MRI. Results: Overall, 14.8% of @entity1 (7824 of 53   015) had a preoperative MRI. During the 10-year study period, MRI use increased across all stages by 8-fold (from 3% to 24%; P   <   .001 for trend). Factors associated with MRI use were younger age, higher socioeconomic status, higher Charlson comorbidity score, surgery performed in a teaching hospital, and fewer years of surgeon experience. Multivariate analyses showed that preoperative breast MRI was associated with higher likelihood of the following: postdiagnosis breast imaging (odds ratio [OR],   2.09; 95% CI, 1.92-2.28), postdiagnosis breast biopsies (OR, 1.74; 95% CI, 1.57-1.93), postdiagnosis imaging to assess for distant @entity3 (OR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.42-1.61), mastectomy (OR, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.62-1.85), contralateral prophylactic mastectomy (OR, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.23-1.77), and a greater than 30-day wait to surgery (OR, 2.52; 95% CI, 2.36-2.70) (all ORs are adjusted). Conclusions and Relevance: Preoperative breast MRI use has increased substantially in routine clinical practice and is associated with a significant increase in ancillary investigations, wait time to surgery, mastectomies, and contralateral prophylactic mastectomies.

title: Use of Preoperative Magnetic Resonance Imaging for XXXX : A Canadian Population-Based Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer', 'breast cancer stage']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic disease']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['Breast Cancer']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: To assess the pathogenesis of @entity4964 associated with @entity46 from a gynecologic perspective. DESIGN: Retrospective study (Canadian Task Force classification II-2). SETTING: University hospital. @entity1 : Eleven @entity1 with clinically suspected @entity4964 due to frequently recurrent pneumothorax who underwent thoracoscopy between September 2003 and February 2007 at our hospital. INTERVENTION: Video-assisted thoracoscopy. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Episodes of pneumothorax, coexistence of intrapelvic @entity46 , classification of intrathoracic lesions according to the appearance of @entity530 using the revised American Society of Reproductive Medicine (re-ASRM) classification, and histopathologic findings in intrathoracic specimens were assessed. A total of 38 episodes of pneumothorax, all on the right side, were documented in 11 @entity1 with @entity4964 . Median (range) @entity1 age at the initial pneumothorax was 42 (29-47) years. The re-ASRM score in 6 @entity1 in whom @entity530 was directly observed at laparoscopy and laparotomy was 56 (18-96). We postoperatively reviewed videotape recordings of video-assisted thoracoscopy, and observed superficial thoracic diaphragmatic lesions classified as red (n = 5), black (n = 8), and white (n = 9) with fenestration according to the re-ASRM classifications for @entity530 . Tissue associated with @entity46 was detected at histopathologic analysis of resected diaphragmatic lesions in 9 @entity1 . No @entity46 was identified at histopathologic analysis of visceral @entity456 in 7 @entity1 who underwent lung resection. CONCLUSIONS: Gynecologic evaluation of @entity4964 associated with @entity46 is crucial to clarify the unelucidated pathogenesis of the disease.

title: Gynecologic evaluation of @entity4964 associated with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity4964 :: ('MESH:C538279', 'Disease') :: ['catamenial pneumothorax']

entities_list: @entity530 :: ('MESH:D010386', 'Disease') :: ['pelvic endometriosis']

entities_list: @entity46 :: ('MESH:D004715', 'Disease') :: ['endometriosis']

entities_list: @entity456 :: ('MESH:D010995', 'Disease') :: ['pleural lesions']

answer: @entity46 :: (MESH:D004715,Disease) :: ['endometriosis']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity11043 is the autoimplantation of ectopic spleen tissue in various anatomic cavities of the body resulting after @entity130 or @entity397 of the @entity4558 . The major localization sites of this phenomenon are mainly intraperitoneal, the gastrenteric tract, @entity4998 , intrahepatically and the kidneys. Extraperitoneal locations occur less frequently and include the thorax and brain. Also locallization in the subcutaneous fat has been described. CASE REPORT: We present the case of a 32-year-old @entity1 with symptomatic peritoneal cavity @entity11043 occurring ten years after traumatic splenectomy. The @entity1 was admitted to our department with the clinical presentation of an @entity5 . US and CT confirmed an adnexal mass. Exploratory laparotomy was performed and multiple focal lesions were noticed on the uterus, ovaries and intestinal tract. Biopsies were taken and sent for histological analysis. The pathology specimen revealed @entity12556 . After surgical intervention the @entity1 remained asymptomatic. CONCLUSION: @entity11043 is a rare phenomenon which clinicians should be aware of in order to spare @entity1 from pointless surgical interventions. @entity1 with abdominal masses and post-traumatic splenectomy should be checked for @entity11043 .

title: Splenosis of the peritoneal cavity resembling an XXXX : case report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'woman', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity11043 :: ('MESH:D017890', 'Disease') :: ['Splenosis', 'splenosis']

entities_list: @entity4998 :: ('MESH:D012734', 'Disease') :: ['genitalia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['adnexal tumor']

entities_list: @entity4558 :: ('MESH:D013158', 'Disease') :: ['splenic parenchyma']

entities_list: @entity12556 :: ('MESH:D002828', 'Disease') :: ['ectopic splenic tissue']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['adnexal tumor']


abstract: Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated @entity1333 has been recently recognized in @entity2743 @entity1 treated with @entity5652 . We have experienced three adult cases of @entity2743 with main features being @entity8 . All three @entity1 , who were between the ages of 22 and 82 years, had been treated with @entity5652 for 2 to 5 years after a diagnosis of @entity2743 . After several weeks of @entity1729 or @entity1109 , they abruptly began to manifest @entity644 and @entity811 concomitant with severe @entity417 . Their serum @entity1011 increased from normal levels to 1.2 to 3.6 mg/dL. Renal biopsy revealed @entity631 without deposition of immune complexes (ie, pauci-immune type). Crescent formations were observed in 40% to 60% of the glomeruli in all three cases. The serum from the @entity1 revealed positive perinuclear-ANCA and negative @entity7134 ( @entity7134 ) pattern, and @entity3335 ( @entity3335 )-ANCA titers were 120 to 502 ELISA Units/mL (normal, < 10 ELISA Units/mL). A withdrawal of @entity5652 with or without immunosuppressive therapy ameliorated their @entity8 . @entity2743 @entity1 should be placed under vigilant observation by monitoring their urinalysis and serum @entity1011 , especially when being treated with antithyroid drugs and when suffering from @entity1109 .

title: @entity3335 -antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-positive XXXX complicating the course of @entity2743 : report of three adult cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal derangements']

entities_list: @entity3335 :: ('4353', 'Gene') :: ['myeloperoxidase', 'MPO']

entities_list: @entity2743 :: ('MESH:D006111', 'Disease') :: ["Graves' disease"]

entities_list: @entity1333 :: ('MESH:D014657', 'Disease') :: ['vasculitis']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['flu-like symptoms']

entities_list: @entity631 :: ('MESH:D005921', 'Disease') :: ['crescentic glomerulonephritis']

entities_list: @entity1729 :: ('MESH:D012141', 'Disease') :: ['upper respiratory tract infection']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity811 :: ('MESH:D006417', 'Disease') :: ['hematuria']

entities_list: @entity5652 :: ('MESH:D011441', 'Chemical') :: ['propylthiouracil']

entities_list: @entity7134 :: ('5657', 'Gene') :: ['C-ANCA', 'cytoplasmic-ANCA']

answer: @entity631 :: (MESH:D005921,Disease) :: ['crescentic glomerulonephritis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The objectives were, firstly, to describe the presentation, demographics and clinical course of @entity1 admitted for @entity3935 , and secondly, to identify factors associated with mortality.METHODS: A retrospective review of subjects admitted to a single academic hospital from 2006 through 2011 was conducted. Medical records of all @entity1 who were admitted with diagnosis of @entity2743 were systematically reviewed for clinical features of @entity3935 .RESULTS: A total of 28 cases were identified. Thyroid storm was the first clinical presentation of @entity2743 in 13 @entity1 (46.4%). Non-compliance to treatment was a major trigger in previously diagnosed @entity1 , followed by @entity281 . Mortality rate was 25% in this series. Cardiac manifestations were predominant, with > 60% of @entity1 having severe @entity591 (> 140/min) and/or @entity955 . Although central nervous system (CNS) involvement was less frequent (n = 8, 28.6%), @entity149 worse than mild severity was statistically associated with mortality (P= 0.021). There was good agreement between the Burch-Wartofsky Point Scale and Japanese Thyroid Association criteria in the diagnosis of @entity3935 in this study cohort.CONCLUSION: Thyroid storm was the first presentation of @entity2743 in a significant proportion of @entity1 , highlighting the importance of high index of suspicion in appropriate clinical context. Presence of neuropsychiatric manifestations appeared to portend greater risk of mortality. Prevailing evidence suggest complex interactions between thyroid hormones and neurotransmitter circuits in the pathogenesis of CNS symptomology in @entity2743 .

title: Clinical Characteristics and Outcome of Thyroid Storm: A Case Series and Review of Neuropsychiatric Derangements in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3935 :: ('MESH:D013958', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid storm']

entities_list: @entity2743 :: ('MESH:D006111', 'Disease') :: ['thyrotoxicosis']

entities_list: @entity149 :: ('MESH:D002493', 'Disease') :: ['CNS derangements']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

answer: @entity2743 :: (MESH:D006111,Disease) :: ['Thyrotoxicosis']


abstract: INTRODUCTION We report on the development and validation of a 10-item scale assessing self-efficacy within the return-to-work context, the @entity1442 ( @entity1442 ) scale. METHODS Lost-time claimants completed a telephone survey 1 month (n = 632) and 6 months (n = 446) after a work-related @entity85 . Exploratory (Varimax and @entity717 ) and confirmatory factor analyses of self-efficacy items were conducted with two separate subsamples at both time points. Construct validity was examined by comparing scale measurements and theoretically derived constructs, and the phase specificity of @entity1442 was studied by examining changes in strength of relationships between the @entity1442 Subscales and the other constructs at both time measures. RESULTS Factor analyses supported three underlying factors: (1) Obtaining help from supervisor, (2) Coping with @entity158 (3) Obtaining help from co-workers. Internal consistency (alpha) for the three subscales ranged from 0.66 to 0.93. The total variance explained was 68% at 1-month follow-up and 76% at 6-month follow-up. Confirmatory factor analyses had satisfactory fit indices to confirm the initial model. With regard to construct validity: relationships of @entity1442 with @entity308 symptoms, fear-avoidance, @entity158 , and general health, were generally in the hypothesized direction. However, the hypothesis that less advanced stages of change on the Readiness for RTW scale would be associated with lower @entity1442 could not be completely confirmed: on all @entity1442 subscales, @entity1442 decreased significantly for a subset of @entity1 who started working again. Moreover, only @entity158 @entity1442 was significantly associated with RTW status and duration of @entity717 . With regard to the phase specificity, the strength of association between @entity1442 and other constructs was stronger at 6 months @entity130 compared to 1 month @entity130 . CONCLUSIONS A final 10-item version of the @entity1442 has adequate internal consistency and validity to assess the confidence of injured workers to obtain help from supervisor and co-workers and to cope with @entity158 . With regard to phase specificity, stronger associations between @entity1442 and other constructs at 6-month follow-up suggest that the association between these psychological constructs consolidates over time after the disruptive event of the injury.

title: Return-to-work self-efficacy: development and validation of a scale in claimants with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive']

entities_list: @entity1442 :: ('MESH:D020178', 'Disease') :: ['Return-to-Work Self-Efficacy', 'RTWSE']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['work disability', 'Promax rotation']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['musculoskeletal injury']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['post-injury']

answer: @entity85 :: (MESH:D009140,Disease) :: ['musculoskeletal disorders']


abstract: Neuroanatomical studies have shown @entity22828 neurons, primarily found in the rodent nucleus incertus (NI), project widely into a large number of areas expressing the @entity22828 receptor ( @entity22829 ), and these data suggest @entity22828 / @entity22829 signaling modulates sensory, emotional, and neuroendocrine processing. The similar distribution of this receptor-ligand pair in the @entity35 , @entity19 , and monkey brain suggests that experimental findings obtained in lower species will translate to higher species. A role for @entity22828 and @entity22829 in modulating stress responses is strongly suggested by the expression of @entity22830 ( @entity22830 ) by NI cells, increased @entity22828 expression in the NI after stress or @entity22831 injection, and hormonal responses to intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) @entity22828 injection. Recent data are consistent with a further role for this ligand-receptor pair in modulating memory. In addition, @entity22828 has been reported to modulate feeding and body weight control. Acute or chronic central (i.c.v. or intraparaventricular) injections of @entity22828 have shown a consistent stimulatory effect on food consumption while relaxin was inactive, suggesting the phagic effect of @entity22828 is mediated by @entity22829 . We have confirmed the role of @entity22829 in modulating feeding and body weight by using a selective @entity22829 agonist (R3/I5) and antagonist [R3( @entity22832 -27)R/I5], collecting feeding, body weight, hormone, and body composition data. In addition, we have preliminary body weight and magnetic resonance imaging data from @entity22828 knockout @entity19 , which on a 129S5:B6 background are smaller and leaner than congenic controls. These data suggest @entity22828 , acting through @entity22829 , is involved in coordinating stress, learning and memory, and feeding responses as predicted on the basis of neuroanatomy.

title: Metabolic and neuroendocrine responses to XXXX modulation in the central nervous system.

entities_list: @entity22830 :: ('12921(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['CRF-R1', 'corticotropin-releasing factor R1']

answer: @entity22829 :: (239336(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['RXFP3']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to describe the outcomes of a 10-year cohort of pregnancies in @entity1 with @entity1252 and to evaluate clinical and laboratory markers for adverse outcomes. STUDY DESIGN: We reviewed all pregnancies in @entity1 with @entity1252 who were seen at Stanford University from 1991 to 2001. Univariate analyses were performed to identify potential risk factors for adverse outcomes. RESULTS: Sixty-three pregnancies in 48 @entity1 were identified. Approximately 35% of the pregnancies occurred in @entity1 with previous @entity8 and 10% in @entity1 with previous @entity6220 . Flares occurred in 68% of the pregnancies, the majority of which were mild to moderate. @entity1468 complicated 12 pregnancies. Factors that were associated with @entity3465 delivery included @entity229 use at conception (relative risk, 1.8), the use of antihypertensive medications (relative risk, 1.8), and a severe flare during pregnancy (relative risk, 2.0). @entity882 was associated with an increased risk of @entity1468 (relative risk, 3.2). CONCLUSION: Flares, most of which were mild to moderate, occurred most of the pregnancies in our cohort of @entity1 with @entity1252 . @entity882 , @entity101 , and @entity229 use may be predictive factors for particular adverse outcomes.

title: Factors that predict @entity3465 and XXXX in pregnancies that are complicated by @entity1252 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal disease']

entities_list: @entity6220 :: ('MESH:D020279', 'Disease') :: ['central nervous system disease']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['Thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity3465 :: ('MESH:C536271', 'Disease') :: ['premature']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity1252 :: ('MESH:D008180', 'Disease') :: ['systemic lupus erythematosus']

entities_list: @entity1468 :: ('MESH:D011225', 'Disease') :: ['preeclampsia', 'Preeclampsia']

answer: @entity1468 :: (MESH:D011225,Disease) :: ['preeclampsia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: National and regional data indicate that @entity0 early detection is low in Kentucky, especially rural regions, perhaps because access to mammography services can be problematic. OBJECTIVE: This study examined the distance between residences of @entity1 diagnosed with @entity0 and the nearest mammography facility, as a risk factor for advanced stage diagnosis in rural populations. METHODS: 1999-2003 Kentucky Cancer Registry data were used for this study. A total of 12,322 @entity1 , aged 40 and older at diagnosis, with no previous history of @entity5 , and with known @entity5 stage were included. Travel distance was obtained using a geographic information system (GIS). Hierarchical logistic regression models were used to analyze the relationship between travel distance and advanced stage diagnosis. RESULTS: Advanced diagnoses had longer average travel distances than early stage diagnoses (P < 0.01). After adjusting for age, race, insurance, and education at census tract level, the odds of advanced diagnosis were significantly greater for @entity1 residing over 15 miles from a facility, compared to those living within 5 miles (adjusted OR = 1.50, 95% CI = 1.25-1.80). CONCLUSION: Although socioeconomic status, race, and age may help explain advanced diagnoses, longer travel distance also adversely affects early detection for rural populations. Accurate measurement of spatial accessibility indicators, such as travel distance, facilitates identification of at-risk groups so that interventions can be developed to reduce this disease.

title: Does distance matter? Distance to mammography facilities and stage at diagnosis of XXXX in Kentucky.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: AIM: To compare 1-year follow-up results of photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) with @entity1138 ( @entity1139 ) and laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) for custom correction of @entity1714 . METHODS: Eighty-eight eyes of 44 @entity1 with moderate @entity1714 were randomised to PRK with 0.002% @entity1139 for 1 min in one eye and LASIK in the fellow eye. The 1-year follow-up was evaluated. RESULTS: There were no differences between LASIK and @entity1139 -PRK eyes preoperatively. Forty-two @entity1 completed the 1-year follow-up. @entity1139 -PRK eyes achieved better uncorrected visual acuity (p = 0.03) and better best-spectacle-corrected visual acuity (p<0.001) 1 year after surgery. SE did not differ in the two groups during follow-up (p = 0.12). Clinically significant haze was not found in surface ablation eyes. LASIK eyes showed a greater higher-order aberration (p = 0.01) and lower contrast sensitivity (p<0.05) than @entity1139 -PRK eyes postoperatively. Excellent vision was reported in 64% of LASIK and 74% of @entity1139 -PRK eyes 1 year after surgery. The corneal resistance factor and corneal hysteresis (ORA, Reichert) were higher in LASIK than in @entity1139 -PRK eyes (p<0.01) at the last follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Wavefront-guided PRK with 0.002% @entity1139 was more effective than wavefront-guided LASIK for correction of moderate @entity1714 . Further research is necessary to determine the optimal concentration, exposure time and long-term corneal side effect of @entity1139 .

title: One-year outcomes of a bilateral randomised prospective clinical trial comparing PRK with XXXX and LASIK.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1138 :: ('MESH:D016685', 'Chemical') :: ['mitomycin C']

answer: @entity1138 :: (MESH:D016685,Chemical) :: ['mitomycin C']


abstract: Retrospective analysis of treatment results was carried out in 37 @entity1 that had been treated during 1984-2009 years. Mean age of the @entity1 was 50.7 years; among them 94.6% were @entity1 . 8 (21.6%) @entity1 had @entity12679 , 21 (56.8%) @entity1 - mucinous @entity9296 , 7 (18,9%) @entity1 - @entity7157 and 1 (2.7%) @entity1 - intraductal @entity5 . Distal pancreatic resection was carried out to 19 @entity1 , pancreatoduodenal resection - in 5 @entity1 , enucleation - in 10 @entity1 , midline resection - in 1 @entity1 , pancreatectomy - in 2 @entity1 . The frequency of complications amounted 35.1%; lethal outcomes were not observed. @entity788 (in 7 @entity1 ) and @entity3472 (in 4 @entity1 ) were the most common complications. Re-laparotomy was necessary for destructive @entity788 in 2 observations. Other complications were treated conservatively. Long-term results were studied in 28 (76%) @entity1 . Mean duration of the observation was 87,3 months (6-120 months). 5-year survival rate amounted 100% among @entity1 with @entity5 of the pancreas and 25% in @entity1 with @entity7157 . It is drawn a conclusion that complete recovery is quite possible in @entity1 with @entity5 whereas treatment of the @entity1 with invasive @entity7157 demonstrate poor results in long-term period.

title: [True XXXX of the pancreas].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['Pancreatitis', 'pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['papillary-mucinous tumor', 'benign tumors', 'benign cystic tumors']

entities_list: @entity3472 :: ('MESH:D010185', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic fistula']

entities_list: @entity9296 :: ('MESH:D003537', 'Disease') :: ['cystadenoma']

entities_list: @entity12679 :: ('MESH:D018293', 'Disease') :: ['serous cystadenoma']

entities_list: @entity7157 :: ('MESH:D003536', 'Disease') :: ['cystadenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cystic tumors']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Concerns exist regarding the long-term efficacy and safety of drug-eluting stents ( @entity4743 ) in @entity1 with @entity583 ( @entity583 ). The study aimed to compare the mid- to long-term outcomes of @entity4743 vs bare metal stents (BMS) in @entity1 with @entity583 in a real-world setting. METHODS AND RESULTS: Six hundred and eighty four consecutive @entity1 with @entity583 who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention from January 2003 to December 2006 were analyzed; 539 @entity1 (78.8%) with @entity4743 and 145 (21.2%) with BMS. @entity1 were followed for the occurrence of @entity177 ( @entity177 ); a composite of @entity204 , non-fatal @entity583 , or target vessel revascularization (TVR). After a follow-up duration of 36 months, the @entity177 rate was significant lower in the @entity4743 group compared with the BMS group (17.8% vs 34.5%, P<0.01), which was mainly driven by a decrease in TVR (9.1% vs 22.8%, P<0.01). @entity6 @entity1 , those with multivessel disease and those treated with smaller or longer stents benefited more from @entity4743 implantation. Propensity score matching concordantly indicated a benefit of @entity4743 with regard to @entity177 (13.5% vs 34.2%; P<0.01). The overall incidence of stent @entity715 (ST) in each group was comparable (3.9% vs 4.1%, P=0.47). CONCLUSIONS: Compared to BMS, the mid- to long-term outcome was better in @entity1 receiving @entity4743 for @entity583 . This was driven mainly by a reduction in repeat revascularization.

title: 'Real world' comparison of drug-eluting stents vs bare metal stents in the treatment of unselected @entity1 with acute XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetic']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['target vessel failure', 'TVF']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['STEMI', 'acute STEMI', 'myocardial infarction', 'ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac death']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction']


abstract: AIM: The aim of this study was to analyze outcome in @entity1 enrolled in sentinel node biopsy procedure in early-staged @entity320 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: Therefore a prospective study was conducted enrolling @entity1 presenting with early-staged @entity320 . Our study focused on age and sex, duration from diagnosis to treatment, duration of hospitalization, dressing care and work inability in current follows. Duration from scintigraphy to surgery was analyzed and compared to sensibility of the procedure. What is more we observed rate and kind of complications and economical consequences, increasing duration of dressing care and work inability. The authors aimed at evaluating costs of @entity4298 procedure including hospitalization, lymphoscintigraphy, general anaesthesia, costs of dressings, inability and overcosts of complications. RESULTS: Forty-five @entity1 were enrolled in our study (sex-ratio 1/2) mean aged 60 years old. Duration from diagnosis to treatment was mean 36 days. Sensibility of the procedure was excellent in trunk and limbs cases, lower in head and neck. In current cases @entity1 were mean hospitalized three days, underwent 20 days of dressings and work inability depended on further interferon treatment. Complications occurred in 25% as @entity2080 or local infections requiring antibiotherapy. Duration to healing was then 45 days increasing inability. Global costs of @entity4298 procedure were significantly higher than previous wait and watch policy. CONCLUSION: @entity4298 biopsy is an expensive and invasive procedure with a high rate of complications. It defers @entity320 treatment, only way to gain survival.

title: [Is sentinel lymph node procedure in early-staged XXXX really safe?].

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma', 'cutaneous melanoma']

answer: @entity320 :: (MESH:D008545,Disease) :: ['cutaneous melanoma']


abstract: The effects of @entity7203 , a higher plant nonprotein @entity535 , on the growth of a @entity35 @entity694 were assessed. The 1 and 10% lethal dose values following a single s.c. injection in Fischer @entity35 were 4.75 and 5.57 g/kg, respectively. @entity35 received s.c. injections of @entity35 % (w/v) @entity5 cell suspension. When the @entity5 reached a size of 500 to 1000 mm3, the @entity35 received @entity7204 , 2.0 g/kg or 3.0 g/kg s.c. daily for 5 or daily for 9 days. Control animals received a 0.9% @entity1219 solution. Administration of @entity7204 , 2.0 g/kg for 5 days produced a treated versus control of 23%; the treated versus control for 9 days was 14%. The 3.0-g/kg dosing regimen resulted in a treated versus control value of -13% after 5 days and -8% after 9 days. The negative values indicated regression of the @entity5 . The reduction in @entity5 volume, expressed as the percentage of regression, was 22% in animals receiving @entity7204 , 3.0 g/kg daily for 5 days and 60% in the 3.0-g/kg-daily-for-9-days treatment group. @entity137 caused @entity204 in 2 of 5 animals in the 3.0-g/kg-for-9-days treatment group; the average weight loss was 31%. The 3.0-g/kg-for-5-days treatment also produced undesirable cumulative @entity137 as indicated by a weight loss of 19%. @entity137 was reduced greatly when @entity7204 was administered at a dose level of 2.0 g/kg for 5 days (weight loss of 13%). Analysis of the relationship of caloric deprivation to @entity5 growth reduction established that @entity7204 -mediated curtailment of @entity5 growth was not caused by reduced food intake and its associated loss in body weight. Histological examination of tissues from @entity35 receiving @entity7204 , 2.0 or 3.0 g/kg daily for 5 or 9 days failed to reveal lesions in any of the examined tissues, except for varying degrees of @entity788 . All other tissues appeared normal. The white and red blood cell values of @entity7204 -treated @entity35 were also normal following 1, 3, or 6 injections of @entity7204 , 2.0 or 3.0 g/kg. The results indicated that @entity7204 induced marked growth inhibition of the @entity35 @entity694 . Our experiments also disclosed that further studies must be conducted to optimize the dosing schedule to enhance drug efficacy and to reduce its cumulative @entity137 .

title: Growth inhibition of a XXXX @entity694 by @entity7203 .

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic acinar atrophy']

entities_list: @entity7204 :: ('CHEBI:609827', 'Chemical') :: ['canavanine']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'Cumulative toxicity']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity7203 :: ('CHEBI:405237', 'Chemical') :: ['L-canavanine']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon carcinoma']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: This follow-up study was designed to evaluate whether the use of @entity117 either before or after @entity1756 affects the occurrence of delayed @entity2806 . @entity117 inhibits platelet function and @entity2871 production and has been shown to reduce the risk of various cardiovascular and cerebrovascular @entity63 . Following admission, the @entity1 in this study was interviewed regarding their use of @entity117 and other medicines prior to and after @entity548 , and their urine was screened qualitatively for salicylates. @entity1 outcome and the occurrence of @entity75 consistent with @entity385 on follow-up computerized tomography (CT) were studied prospectively up to 1 year after @entity548 . Of 291 @entity1 , 31 (11%) died because of the initial @entity548 and 18 (6%) died due to rebleeding within 4 days after @entity548 . Of the remaining 242 @entity1 , 90 (37%) had delayed @entity2806 , which caused a permanent @entity51 or @entity204 in 54 @entity1 (22%). Of 195 @entity1 undergoing follow-up CT, 85 (44%) had @entity385 that was not seen on the CT scan obtained on admission. Those who had salicylates in the urine on admission had a relative risk of 0.40 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.15 to 1.10) of delayed @entity63 with fixed deficit and a risk of 0.40 (95% CI, 0.18 to 0.93) of @entity385 compared with @entity1 who did not have salicylates in their urine. This reduced risk of @entity63 complications with @entity117 use was restricted to those @entity1 who used @entity117 before @entity548 , when the risk of @entity63 was 0.21 (95% CI, 0.03 to 1.63) and the risk of @entity1188 was 0.18 (95% CI, 0.04 to 0.84) compared with those who had not used @entity117 . The reduced risk of @entity385 remained significant after adjustment for several potential confounding factors (adjusted risk 0.19; 95% CI, 0.04 to 0.89). These observations suggest that platelet function at the time of @entity510 may be associated with delayed @entity2806 after @entity1756 .

title: XXXX and delayed @entity2806 after @entity510 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity2871 :: ('CHEBI:26995', 'Chemical') :: ['thromboxane']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral ischemia']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic diseases', 'ischemia', 'ischemic']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['hypodense lesions']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['Aspirin', 'aspirin']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['subarachnoid hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deficit']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral infarction']

entities_list: @entity1756 :: ('MESH:D017542', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm rupture']

answer: @entity117 :: (MESH:D001241,Chemical) :: ['Aspirin']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The genetic changes in hereditary @entity43 suggest that the phenotype of ovarian surface epithelium in @entity1 with @entity43 might be altered. To test this hypothesis, we compared two @entity5 markers, @entity10224 , in cultures of overtly normal epithelium from @entity1 with and without @entity43 . STUDY DESIGN: Surface epithelia from 18 @entity1 with no family history of @entity43 , five with family histories that were insufficient to be classified as familial, and seven with strong family histories were examined by immunofluorescence, immunocytochemistry, and radioimmunoassay. The influence of cell density, morphologic features, propagation in culture, and immortalization with SV40 on the expression of the markers was investigated. RESULTS: @entity10224 occurred in cells with epithelial rather than atypical morphologic features. In cultures with no family history and minor family history, @entity10224 was present in up to 45% cells in passage 1 but in only < 5% cells in 14 of 16 cultures by passages 3 to 4. In contrast, nine of 10 cultures with family history retained > 5% @entity10224 -positive cells in passages 3 to 4. This prolonged presence of @entity10224 correlated with a persisting epithelial phenotype, whereas most cells with no family history and minor family history became atypical by passage 3. Immortalization eliminated @entity10224 in all three types of cells. 2G3 bound to few cells in low passage, independent of family history and morphologic features. The proportion of 2G3-expressing cells increased significantly with immortalization in all cultures, independent of family history. @entity43 lines expressed both markers. CONCLUSION: In cultures of ovarian surface epithelium 2G3 expression increases with immortalization, whereas @entity10224 is lost with immortalization but correlates with epithelial cell morphologic features and with family history. The results suggest that there may be phenotypic changes in overtly normal ovarian surface epithelium of @entity1 with family histories of @entity43 .

title: Expression of two mucin antigens in cultured @entity1 ovarian surface epithelium: influence of a family history of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['Ovarian carcinoma', 'ovarian cancer', 'familial ovarian cancer', 'ovarian cancer syndromes']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['ovarian cancer']


abstract: Differences in acute and chronic pacing thresholds were compared in @entity1 receiving either the Medtronic Model 4004 @entity134 -eluting lead or the Medtronic Model 4012 microporous @entity902 lead. @entity1 (n = 35) were randomized at the time of implant to receive either a @entity134 -eluting (n = 17) or a microporous (n = 18) lead. Pacing thresholds were determined within 24 hours and at 2, 4, 6, 12, 24, and 52 weeks postimplant. By 2 weeks postimplant, pacing thresholds measured at 0.8, 1.6, 2.5, 3.3, and 4.2 V were significantly lower in the @entity134 lead group compared to the microporous lead group (P < 0.05). At 24 weeks, the voltage threshold at 0.3 msec was 0.8 V in 88% of @entity1 with a @entity134 lead whereas this threshold was only observed in 33% of @entity1 with the microporous lead (P < 0.01). At 52 weeks the pacing energy measured at 1.6 V, twice pulse duration threshold, was significantly lower in the @entity134 lead group (0.81 +/- 0.59 microJ) compared to the microporous lead group (1.25 +/- 0.60 microJ, P < 0.05). Thirteen @entity1 in the @entity134 lead group and 9 @entity1 in the microporous lead group have been programmed at a pulse amplitude of 1.6 V since the 24-week follow-up visit. These @entity1 have been followed for a minimum of 6 months without documented failure to capture. This study shows that pacemaker/lead systems with stable chronic low thresholds can be safely programmed to low pulse amplitude settings. This practice will prolong the longevity of pulse generators.

title: A randomized comparison of a bipolar XXXX -eluting electrode and a bipolar microporous @entity902 electrode: implications for long-term programming.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['platinum']

answer: @entity134 :: (CHEBI:35341,Chemical) :: ['steroid']


abstract: The aim of the study was to characterize the platelet count (PLT) dynamics in peritoneal @entity189 @entity1 treated with @entity1104 ( @entity1104 ) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal @entity901 (HIO). Data from @entity1 treated with @entity1104 alone (N   =   18) or @entity1104 and HIO (N   =   62) were used to estimate the baseline platelet count (PLT0), rate constants for platelet maturation (k tr ) and platelet random destruction (k s ), feedback on progenitor cell proliferation (y), and the drug-specific model parameters (a, b). Plasma @entity901 concentrations, C p , reduced the proliferation rate of progenitor cells (k prol) according to a power function a   *   C p (b) . The surgery effect on k prol and k s was explored. The typical values (between subject variability) of the PLT0, k tr , k s , y, a, and b were estimated to be 237   *   10(9)  cells/L (32.9%), 7.09   *   10(-3)  h(-1) (47.1%), 8.86   *   10(-3)  h(-1) (80.0%), 0.621, 0.88  L/mg (56.9%), and 2.63. Surgery induced a maximal 2.09-fold increase in k prol that was attenuated with a half-life of 8.42  days. Splenectomy decreased k s by 47.5%. Age, sex, body surface area, sex, total proteins, and HIO carrier solution did not impact the model parameters. The model developed suggests that, following @entity1104 and HIO, @entity882 and @entity1148 were reversible and short-lasting; the severity of the @entity882 and @entity1148 was inversely correlated, with splenectomized @entity1 having @entity882 of lower severity and @entity1148 of higher severity; and the HIO dose and treatment duration determine the severity and duration of the @entity882 . Higher HIO dose or longer treatment duration could be used without substantially increasing the risk of major hematological @entity137 .

title: Platelet Dynamics in Peritoneal Carcinomatosis @entity1 Treated with Cytoreductive Surgery and Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity901 :: ('MESH:C030110', 'Chemical') :: ['oxaliplatin']

entities_list: @entity1148 :: ('MESH:D013922', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytosis']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomatosis']

entities_list: @entity1104 :: ('MESH:D000267', 'Disease') :: ['CRS', 'cytoreductive surgery']

answer: @entity901 :: (MESH:C030110,Chemical) :: ['Oxaliplatin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Cephalotaxus spp. are known to possess anticancer potential. In this present work, for the first time the effects of C. griffithii needle ( @entity10399 ) extracts on @entity1 @entity5 cells were examined. METHODS: The @entity10399 was successively extracted with @entity8144 (PE), @entity1324 and @entity1042 . The extracts were tested for its effect on proliferation of @entity5 cells ( @entity98 assay on HeLa, ZR751 and HepG2). Extract that showed the maximum growth inhibitory effect was subjected for mechanism of action study. These included apoptosis (morphological and DNA fragmentation assay), cell cycle (flow cytometry), caspase expression (Western blot) and activity (assay kit), @entity876 (western blot and @entity876 siRNA interference) and telomerase expression (reverse transcriptase PCR) analysis. RESULTS: Among the extracts, PE extract induced maximum @entity137 , with @entity204 occurred in ZR751 cells. Since, PE extract induced cell @entity204 was highest among the @entity10399 extracts, with maximum @entity5 cell @entity204 occurred in ZR751 cells; we carried out mechanism study of PE extract induced ZR751 cell @entity204 . It was observed that PE extract induced ZR751 cell @entity204 was associated with cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by activating both intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways. Knock down study revealed that @entity876 is essential for loss of ZR751 cell viability induced by PE extract. Further, PE extract down-regulated @entity2215 , @entity7066 , and @entity517 expression. Thin layer chromatography analysis indicated the presence of unique phytochemicals in PE extract. CONCLUSION: Based on the observations, we concluded that PE extract of C. griffithii needle contains important phyto-components with multiple cellular targets for control of @entity0 and is worthy of future studies.

title: Cephalotaxus griffithii Hook.f. needle extract induces cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and suppression of @entity2215 and XXXX expression on @entity1 @entity0 cells.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity1042 :: ('MESH:D000432', 'Chemical') :: ['methanol']

entities_list: @entity8144 :: ('MESH:C004544', 'Chemical') :: ['petroleum ether']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['death', 'highest death']

answer: @entity7066 :: (7012,Gene) :: ['hTR']