abstract: THE AIM: Of the study is to discuss the need of delivery room cardio-pulmonal resuscitation (DR-CPR) in VLBW and ELBW @entity1 and intensity, to determine its prognostic significance for the neonatal outcomes, and the influence of some perinatal criteria. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective study is performed in University Maternity Hospital: Maichin Dom", for the years 1998-1999 including: 61 ELBW (500-999 g) and 122 VLBW (1000-1499 g). Excluded are @entity1 with great @entity600 . RESULTS: There were 54% survivors in the ELBW and 86.1% in the VLBW group. 1-st min Apgar scores were significantly lower in the ELBW-group 3.5 +/- 1.9 in comparison to the VLBW: 4.9 +/- 1.9 = pH from umbilical artery were lower too: 7.19 +/- 0.16 and 7.24 +/- 0.14 respectively. From 12 ELBW babies with cord arterial pH < 7.1 survived only 3, but all 3 with pH < 7.0 died; 8 from 10 VLBW babies with pH < 7.1 survived. Intubation rates were as followed: ELBW group--82%, 70% in the first 5 min; VLBW group--57% and 34% respectively. @entity7544 and/or chest compression received 6 ELBW @entity1 , 5 of who died and 4 had severe IVH. The same resuscitation received 8 VLBW babies, 4 of who died and 2 survivors had 3-4 grade IVH. Any grade of IVH occurred in 65% of ELBW and in 44% of VLBW @entity1 . Severe IVH was seen in 37% and 16% respectively. Overall, survivors with grade 3-4 IVH were 15% among the ELBW group and 7.6% among the VLBW. CONCLUSIONS: Birth weight and gestational age are the most important factors, determining the intensity of DR-CPR and the prognosis in newborns of < 1500 g. Low Apgar scores, cord arterial pH < 7.10, the need of Adrenaline application and/or chest compression by DR-CPR are reliable prognostic criteria for @entity204 and poor nevrodevelopmental outcome.

title: [Resuscitation in very low birth weight and XXXX in the delivery room].

entities_list: @entity7544 :: ('CHEBI:28918', 'Chemical') :: ['Adrenalin']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['malformations']

answer: @entity600 :: (MESH:D000014,Disease) :: ['extremely low birth weight newborns']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Some centers have advocated selecting @entity1 with small @entity3557 ( @entity3557 ) to undergo active surveillance without surgical treatment. The objectives of the current study were to analyze @entity259 ( @entity259 )-related mortality in a population-based cohort and to determine the impact of small PTCs (defined as @entity5  <= 2 cm in greatest dimension) on @entity259 -related mortality. METHODS: Data on @entity1 with @entity259 of follicular cell origin from the National @entity5 Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results 17 Registries database (1988-2007) were used to analyze the characteristics of PTCs  <= 2 cm in @entity1 who died from @entity259 -related causes. The effects of clinical features on disease-specific survival were analyzed. RESULTS: Over the 20-year study period, the rate of @entity259 -related mortality was 2.8% (n = 1753 of 61,523 @entity1 ). Of the @entity1 who died from @entity259 -related causes, 38% had @entity3557 , 10% had follicular @entity259 , and 31.3% had anaplastic @entity259 . PTCs  <= 2 cm accounted for 12.3% of @entity259 -related mortalities. Compared with @entity1 who did not experience @entity259 -related mortality from PTCs  <= 2 cm, there were significantly higher rates of @entity1 (30% vs 17%; P <   .01), @entity1 aged >=  45 years (92% vs 52%; P <   .01), @entity5 measuring >1 cm (59% vs 46%; P <   .01), extrathyroid extension (41% vs 11%; P <   .01), lymph node @entity3 (77% vs 28%; P <   .01), and distant @entity3 (31% vs 1%; P <   .01) among the @entity1 who died from PTCs  <= 2 cm. Independent risk factors for death from PTCs  <= 2 cm included age >=  45 years, lymph node and distant @entity3 , extrathyroid extension, and undergoing less than thyroid lobectomy. CONCLUSIONS: Because 12.3% of @entity1 who experienced @entity259 -related deaths had PTCs  <= 2 cm despite undergoing thyroidectomy, the current results indicate that nonoperative management for @entity1 who have PTCs  <= 2 cm should be used with caution. @entity1 aged >=  45 years with PTCs  <= 2 cm should undergo thyroidectomy.

title: Should small XXXX be observed? A population-based study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity3557 :: ('MESH:C536915', 'Disease') :: ['PTC', 'papillary thyroid cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity259 :: ('MESH:D013964', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid cancer', 'TC']

answer: @entity3557 :: (MESH:C536915,Disease) :: ['papillary thyroid cancer']


abstract: This study was conducted in order to obtain information on the association between age and oxidative DNA damage and @entity4624 -I ( @entity11692 )-DNA adduct levels in the stomach tissues of normal subjects (n = 113). Subjects ranged from 17 to 75 yr. The levels of @entity7599 ( @entity7599 ), a biomarker of oxidative DNA damage, were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography-electrochemical detector (HPLC-ECD). @entity11692 -DNA adduct levels were quantitatively measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using the monoclonal antibody 8E11. Increase in @entity7599 levels was observed in subjects from 31 to 60 yr of age. Higher levels of @entity7599 were observed in the stomach tissues of those in the 51-60 yr old group. Although @entity1534 -positive group subjects had higher @entity7599 levels than those in the @entity1534 -negative group, no age-related changes in @entity7599 levels were observed in these groups. The levels of @entity11692 -DNA adduct also markedly increased with age. Higher levels of @entity11692 -DNA adduct were observed in subjects aged 61-70 yr, but this difference was not significant from other age groups. These results provide evidence that there is a progressive age-dependent accumulation of oxidative DNA damage and of @entity11692 -DNA adducts in @entity1 stomach tissues. It is possible that such damage contributes to the known increased incidence of @entity356 with aging.

title: Age-related changes in oxidative DNA damage and @entity4624 -I ( XXXX )-DNA adduct levels in @entity1 stomach.

entities_list: @entity7599 :: ('MESH:C040791', 'Chemical') :: ['8-OHdG', "8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine"]

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric tumor']

entities_list: @entity1534 :: ('210', 'Species') :: ['Helicobacter. Pylori', 'H. pylori']

entities_list: @entity4624 :: ('CHEBI:30614', 'Chemical') :: ['benzo[a]pyrene diolepoxide']

answer: @entity11692 :: (MESH:C072019,Chemical) :: ['BPDE-I']


abstract: We describe an intestinal perforation in a football player who had been hit with the knee in the abdomen. Perforation of the small bowel, following blunt @entity1661 , is relatively rare. Its most frequent cause is a deceleration @entity130 , usually from a traffic accident. Clinical signs are frequently discrete and nonspecific. The most frequent symptom is @entity490 . Lack of bowel sounds is reported in 64% oft the cases. @entity75 should be suspected in the presence of a corresponding history (deceleration @entity130 ) and of other pathologies ( @entity174 ). Sonography and computed tomography are rarely helpful. Delayed perforations have been described, necessitating prolonged observation for 48 to 72 h. after painful @entity1661 . Repeated examinations are essential to rule out enteric perforation. Initially, less than 50% of the cases show free air, thus limiting the usefulness of @entity1514 and abdominal radiography. Mortality reaches 30%. This rate is adversely affected by concomitant lesions in other organs and by delay (more than 10 h.) in diagnosis. When laparotomy has been delayed and @entity298 is present, antibiotic treatment should be started immediately during surgical intervention ( @entity5898 , @entity4028 , @entity868 ). @entity260 include @entity295 , wound @entity281 and, rarely, enterocutaneous fistulae.

title: [Jejunum perforation following blunt XXXX --a case report].

entities_list: @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['septicaemia']

entities_list: @entity868 :: ('MESH:D008795', 'Chemical') :: ['metronidazole']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures of vertebrae and/or pelvis']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['Enteric lesions']

entities_list: @entity4028 :: ('CHEBI:47779', 'Chemical') :: ['aminoglycoside']

entities_list: @entity1661 :: ('MESH:D000008', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal trauma']

entities_list: @entity5898 :: ('CHEBI:23066', 'Chemical') :: ['cephalosporin']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['peritonitis']

answer: @entity1661 :: (MESH:D000008,Disease) :: ['abdominal trauma']


abstract: We have studied the response of erosive or @entity1066 to treatment with @entity4546 and its subsequent relapse on cessation of therapy in 196 @entity1 . In the first phase of the study @entity4546 (20 or 40 mg daily) was compared with placebo in 64 @entity1 . After 4 wk there was endoscopic healing in 81% (25 of 31) of @entity4546 -treated @entity1 and in only 6% (2 of 32) of placebo-treated @entity1 . Endoscopic healing of @entity2910 was accompanied by symptom relief and histologic healing of @entity1066 . In the second (dose finding) phase a further 132 @entity1 were randomized to @entity4546 (20 or 40 mg daily) and endoscopic healing was assessed. In @entity1 with the mildest grade of @entity1066 (grade 2), healing occurred at 4 wk in 87% receiving 20 mg and in 97% receiving 40 mg. In @entity1 with grade 3 @entity2910 , 67% (20 mg) and 88% (40 mg) were healed. Less than half the @entity1 with grade 4 @entity2910 ( @entity1066 or confluent @entity1066 ) healed with either 20 mg (48%) or 40 mg (44%). Regression analysis in the 164 @entity4546 -treated @entity1 showed no evidence that healing was influenced by factors other than severity of @entity2910 at entry and @entity4546 dose. In phase 3 of the study the rate of endoscopic relapse was determined in 107 endoscopically healed @entity1 after stopping @entity4546 . Erosive or @entity1066 recurred in 88 of 107 (82%) by 6 mo. Neither initial dose, grade of @entity2910 , nor smoking was shown to influence relapse rate. @entity4546 is a highly effective treatment for @entity11353 . The 40-mg/day dosage produces endoscopic healing slightly more quickly than the 20-mg/day dosage, and the initial endoscopic gradings are of prognostic value. Relapse occurs rapidly when treatment is stopped.

title: Healing and relapse of severe @entity11353 after treatment with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2910 :: ('MESH:D004941', 'Disease') :: ['esophagitis']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ["Barrett's ulcers", 'ulcerative esophagitis', 'ulceration']

entities_list: @entity11353 :: ('MESH:D004942', 'Disease') :: ['peptic esophagitis']

entities_list: @entity4546 :: ('MESH:D009853', 'Chemical') :: ['omeprazole', 'Omeprazole']

answer: @entity4546 :: (MESH:D009853,Chemical) :: ['omeprazole']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Health care planning for chronic @entity2371 (CPP), an important cause of morbidity amongst @entity1 is hampered due to lack of clear collated summaries of its basic epidemiological data. We systematically reviewed worldwide literature on the prevalence of different types of CPP to assess the geographical distribution of data, and to explore sources of variation in its estimates. METHODS: We identified data available from Medline (1966 to 2004), Embase (1980 to 2004), PsycINFO (1887 to 2003), LILACS (1982 to 2004), Science Citation index, CINAHL (January 1980 to 2004) and hand searching of reference lists. Two reviewers extracted data independently, using a piloted form, on @entity1 ' characteristics, study quality and rates of CPP. We considered a study to be of high quality (valid) if had at least three of the following features: prospective design, validated measurement tool, adequate sampling method, sample size estimation and response rate >80%. We performed both univariate and multivariate meta-regression analysis to explore heterogeneity of results across studies. RESULTS: There were 178 studies (459975 @entity1 ) in 148 articles. Of these, 106 studies were (124259 @entity1 ) on dysmenorrhoea, 54 (35973 @entity1 ) on @entity546 and 18 (301756 @entity1 ) on noncyclical @entity158 . There were only 19/95 (20%) less developed and 1/45 (2.2%) least developed countries with relevant data in contrast to 22/43 (51.2%) developed countries. Meta-regression analysis showed that rates of @entity158 varied according to study quality features. There were 40 (22.5%) high quality studies with representative samples. Amongst them, the rate of dysmenorrhoea was 16.8 to 81%, that of @entity546 was 8 to 21.8%, and that for noncyclical @entity158 was 2.1 to 24%. CONCLUSION: There were few valid population based estimates of disease burden due to CPP from less developed countries. The variation in rates of CPP worldwide was due to variable study quality. Where valid data were available, a high disease burden of all types of @entity2371 was found.

title: WHO systematic review of prevalence of chronic XXXX : a neglected reproductive health morbidity.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women']

entities_list: @entity546 :: ('MESH:D004414', 'Disease') :: ['dyspareunia']

entities_list: @entity2371 :: ('MESH:D017699', 'Disease') :: ['pelvic pain']

answer: @entity2371 :: (MESH:D017699,Disease) :: ['pelvic pain']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Endovenous thrombolysis is the preferred treatment in the early hours following @entity385 and delays are the main obstacle preventing it from being used on a more widespread basis. The @entity64 code (SC) is a system that allows @entity64 @entity1 to be identified quickly and taken to the most suitable hospital for such treatment to be implemented. AIM. To determine the impact of extending the intra-hospital SC (ISC) to a provincial SC (PSC). @entity1 AND METHODS: The system consists in a prospective register of cases of SC treated in a provincial @entity64 centre. Data on the cases of @entity385 admitted consecutively the year prior to and after beginning the PSC (1st November 2008) were collected. RESULTS: In one year 318 SC were handled: 61.2% were extra-hospital SC (ESC). A total of 45 @entity1 were thrombolysed: 14.2% of the activations and 25.7% of @entity385 with the code activated. The gross annual rate of thrombolysis was 7.7/100,000 inhabitants (95% confidence interval, 95% CI = 5.7-10.4). Primary medicine activated 34% of the codes. There are no significant differences between ESC and ISC as regards the percentage of correct activations and thrombolysis. The door-to-needle delay is shorter in ESC (59.7    24 versus 74.4    20 minutes; p = 0.012). The time slot from 22 pm to 8 am covers 23.6% of the SC and 22.2% of cases of thrombolysed @entity1 . From the first to the second period, SC activation rises from 11.1% to 37.9% of @entity385 and thrombolysis increases from 3.8 to 12.7% (p < 0.0001; odds ratio = 4.1; 95% CI = 1.9-8.6). CONCLUSIONS: The PSC allowed thrombolysis of @entity385 to be carried out in four times as many cases, as well as improving the health care chain and extending it throughout the whole province.

title: [Provincial XXXX code: characteristics and impact on health care].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral infarctions', 'cerebral infarction']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['stroke']


abstract: OBJECT: Gamma Knife surgery (GKS) is one of the methods available to treat @entity5513 ( @entity5513 ), in addition to microsurgical resection; however, clear information regarding balance function outcomes and the impact of treatment on @entity1 ' quality of life over time remains an important clinical need. The purpose of this study was to assess the longitudinal balance outcomes and Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) following GKS for @entity5513 . METHODS: This was a prospective clinical study of balance outcomes in all @entity1 with @entity5513 treated in the @entity5513 and Skull Base Surgery Program at a tertiary referral center by the senior author and the Gamma Knife team between June 2000 and May 2008. The main outcome measures included preoperative vestibular testing and postoperative caloric testing performed at 6-month intervals to determine vestibular function. The @entity6382 questionnaires were administered retrospectively to assess the impact of GKS on self-perceived disability. RESULTS: Between June 2000 and May 2008, 55 sporadic @entity5513 were treated. There was a >or= 60-month follow-up available in 27 of these @entity1 , >or= 48 months in 32, >or= 36 months in 38, >or= 24 months in 43, >or= 12 months in 51, and >or= 6 months in 54 (1 @entity1 was excluded from the analysis because the follow-up was < 6 months). Various patterns of changes in vestibular function were observed in either positive or negative directions. A significant difference in total DHI score was seen only in the elderly (> 65 years old) @entity1 pre-GKS compared with post-GKS (t = 1.34, p = 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Longitudinal changes in vestibular function occur over time, with the largest changes seen in the first 6 months after treatment. Potential for clinical intervention, such as vestibular rehabilitation therapy, exists during this interval; however, larger cohorts must be studied to determine the timing and efficacy of this intervention. The statistically significant improvement in the DHI score in the @entity1 cohort > 65 years old treated with GKS suggests that this group may benefit from this option when considering the symptom of dizziness.

title: Gamma Knife surgery of XXXX : longitudinal changes in vestibular function and measurement of the Dizziness Handicap Inventory.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5513 :: ('MESH:D009464', 'Disease') :: ['Acoustic Neuroma', 'VSs', 'vestibular schwannomas']

answer: @entity5513 :: (MESH:D009464,Disease) :: ['vestibular schwannomas']


abstract: @entity879 is a life-threatening event with a high mortality rate up to 80%. Orthotopic liver transplantation has markedly decreased this mortality rate and is therefore a well established procedure for @entity1578 . However, this treatment neglects the fact that @entity1 surviving @entity1578 without liver transplantation experienced a complete morphologic and functional recovery of their own liver. Temporary support of liver function in such cases could therefore be desirable and adequate therapy. Auxiliary liver transplantation could fulfill this demand. However, the standard technique of auxiliary grafting, transplanting a graft in a heterotopic position, is burdened by problems such as @entity34370 , insufficient respectively competing portal blood supply for both livers with an unpredictable long-term outcome. In order to cope with these problems, we performed an auxiliary transplantation in an orthotopic position. To accomplish this procedure we had to reduce the size of both the recipient and the donor livers. We, thus, performed an auxiliary partial orthotopic liver transplant (APOLT). The first @entity1 was a 33 year old female who was transplanted on November 25, 1989. She developed a @entity2102 ( @entity2142 , elevated liver enzymes, low platelets) syndrome and fell into a deep @entity772 . At the time of transplantation histologic examination of her own liver revealed 80% confluent @entity39 . We resected segments 2 and 3 of the recipient liver and transplanted the whole left lobe of the donor liver into this position.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Auxiliary partial orthotopic liver transplantation (APOLT) for XXXX : first successful case report.

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity879 :: ('MESH:D017114', 'Disease') :: ['Fulminant hepatic failure']

entities_list: @entity34370 :: ('MESH:C564235', 'Disease') :: ['elevated venous back-pressure']

entities_list: @entity1578 :: ('MESH:D017093', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic failure']

entities_list: @entity2142 :: ('MESH:D006461', 'Disease') :: ['hemolysis']

answer: @entity879 :: (MESH:D017114,Disease) :: ['fulminant hepatic failure']


abstract: Objective: To determine whether acupuncture is effective as an @entity2182 ( @entity2182 ) treatment compared with @entity2180 and placebo, and to investigate its relation with urine nerve growth factor (NGF) levels. @entity1 and Methods: The study was conducted with methodological rigor based on the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials criteria. 90 female @entity1 with @entity2182 were included and randomly assigned to a @entity2180 , acupuncture or placebo group. The medicated group received @entity2180 5 mg/day; the acupuncture and placebo groups were treated twice a week for 4 weeks. Symptom scores, quality of life scores, frequency of micturition and urine NGF levels were used to assess treatment efficiency. Results: The study was completed with 82 @entity1 (n = 30 in the @entity2180 group, n = 28 in the acupuncture group and n = 24 in the placebo group). After treatment, comparison of the medical and acupuncture therapy groups with the placebo group showed significant differences between recovery concerning quality of life (p < 0.001 and p < 0.01, respectively) and symptom scores (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). The decrease of NGF levels after treatment compared to before treatment was determined in each group ( @entity2180 , acupuncture, placebo group; p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p = 0.359, respectively). Sufficient symptomatic improvement was not achieved in 8 @entity1 in the acupuncture group. Therefore, comparisons were assessed twice with and without including these @entity1 , and NGF levels in the acupuncture group were higher than at first comparison in which all @entity1 in the acupuncture group were included. Conclusions: In @entity1 with @entity2182 in whom anticholinergic treatment is contraindicated, acupuncture may be considered another treatment option.    2014 S. Karger AG, Basel.

title: Acupuncture versus XXXX for Treatment of Overactive Bladder and Its Correlation with Urine Nerve Growth Factor Levels: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2180 :: ('MESH:C441209', 'Chemical') :: ['solifenacin']

entities_list: @entity2182 :: ('MESH:D053201', 'Disease') :: ['overactive bladder', 'OAB']

answer: @entity2180 :: (MESH:C441209,Chemical) :: ['Solifenacin']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine effect of @entity1104 ( @entity1104 ) in @entity195 ( @entity195 ). METHODS: Within-subjects design, also known as repeated-measures design, was used. @entity1104 was performed on six biopsy-confirmed @entity195 @entity1 (three to the left and right hemispheres each). Follow-up was conducted over 16-50 months. Outcome measures included the sum of the sub-scores of the clinical @entity303 rating scale (CDRSS), @entity303 severity rating scale (DSRS), mini-mental status exam (MMSE) and neuropsychiatric inventory (NPI), all normalized to 0-1.0. Outcomes were compared to baseline values and to expected decline with and without cholinesterase inhibitors therapy (ChEI). RESULTS: Compared to baseline and to expected decline with ChEI, CDRSS scores were 22 and 39% less impaired at means of 14 and 25 months post- @entity1104 , and DSRS scores were 12 and 22% less impaired at means of 14 and 19 months post- @entity1104 (p<0.0001). Compared to baseline and expected course with and without ChEI, the MMSE scores of the left hemisphere @entity1104 @entity1 were not significantly different for 11, 17 and 22 months respectively (p>0.49), while those of the right hemisphere @entity1104 @entity1 more rapidly declined. The two @entity1 with significant pre-operative @entity146 markedly improved; NPI severity scores decreased by 23 (16%) and 78 (54%) points and were sustained for 22 and 42 months. DISCUSSION: @entity1104 yielded cognitive, functional or behavioral improvement for up to 3.5 years in these @entity195 @entity1 . Compared to randomized ChEI clinical trials, @entity1104 was 34 times more likely to produce clinically significant improvement. Basic research to identify the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effect of omentum is warranted.

title: Omentum transposition surgery for @entity1 with XXXX : a case series.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['behavioral problems']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['AD', "Alzheimer's disease"]

entities_list: @entity1104 :: ('MESH:D000267', 'Disease') :: ['OT', 'omentum transposition surgery']

answer: @entity195 :: (MESH:D000544,Disease) :: ['Alzheimer's disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare atrial switch and arterial switch operations for the repair of @entity3886 (TGA), assessing cardiac function and ventriculoarterial (VA) coupling based on cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) data. Using CMR-derived wave intensity analysis, this study provides a noninvasive comparison of the 2 systemic ventricles and evaluates the subclinical hemodynamic burden of these operations. METHODS: Fifty-four @entity1 (18 controls, 18 @entity955 , 18 arterial switches) were studied. Dimensional and functional data, including the ejection fraction (EF) and end-diastolic volume, were derived from CMR, as well as aortic distensibility. Wave intensity was computed from CMR according to a formulation based on changes in area and velocity, and the peaks of the 2 major systolic waves (forward compression wave [FCW], and forward expansion wave [FEW]) were measured as indicators of ventricular function. RESULTS: Both switches exhibited significantly increased end-diastolic volume and enlarged aortic root areas, and @entity955 were also characterized by significantly lower EF. @entity1 with TGA presented stiffer ascending aortas, particularly those repaired with an arterial switch. Both FCW and FEW were significantly lower in both TGA cohorts than the controls, suggesting compromised VA coupling, likely a result of increased impedance caused by the stiffer ascending aorta. A significant difference between switch type was noticed in terms of the FEW peak, which was lower in the atrial switch group. CONCLUSIONS: These data highlight reduced aortic distensibility and abnormal VA coupling in repaired TGA. An intraoperational difference was noted in terms of EF and peak FEW, likely reflecting the different nature of the subaortic ventricle.

title: Ventriculovascular interactions late after XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3886 :: ('MESH:D014188', 'Disease') :: ['transposition of the great arteries']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial switches']

answer: @entity3886 :: (MESH:D014188,Disease) :: ['atrial and arterial repair of transposition of the great arteries']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To restore good occlusion and face profile, the orthognathic operation and orthodontics were used to correct the dento- @entity85 following the repair of @entity3384 . METHODS: 21 @entity1 (7 males and 14 females, mean age of 20.6 years) were included in this study. Their dento- @entity85 following the repair of @entity3384 have been corrected in our hospital since 1996. Of them, 17 @entity1 received pre- and postoperative orthodontic treatments. 21 cases underwent the following surgical procedures: Le @entity196 in 7 cases, multisegmental Le @entity196 in 5 cases, Le @entity196 and bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy (BSSRO) in 4 cases, Le @entity196 and mandibular body osteotomy in 2 cases, BSSRO and genioplasty in 2 cases, BSSRO in 1 case. Rigid internal fixation was used in all @entity1 . After multisegmental Le @entity196 , the rigid fixed palatine splint was used for 6 approximately 8 weeks. RESULTS: Osteotomy segments healed well in all cases without severe complications. 14 @entity1 were followed-up for an average of 25.6 months. There was no evident relapse. 12 @entity1 who received pre- and postoperative orthodontic treatments had satisfactory occlusion and face profile. CONCLUSIONS: Orthognathic operation combined with orthodontics can be used satisfactorily to correct the dento- @entity85 following @entity3384 repair.

title: [Correction of dento- XXXX following @entity3384 repair with orthognathic surgery and orthodontics].

entities_list: @entity196 :: ('MESH:D020754', 'Disease') :: ['Fort I osteotomy']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['maxillofacial deformities']

entities_list: @entity3384 :: ('MESH:D002971', 'Disease') :: ['cleft lip and palate']

answer: @entity85 :: (MESH:D009140,Disease) :: ['maxillofacial deformities']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The capacity of the AMS scale as clinical utility and as outcome measure still needs validation. METHODS: An open post-marketing study was performed by office-based physicians in Germany in 2004. We analysed data of 1670 @entity342 -deficient males who were treated with @entity251 gel. The AMS scale was applied prior to and after 3 months treatment. RESULTS: The improvement of complaints under treatment relative to the baseline score was 30.7% (total score), 27.3% (psychological domain), 30.5% (somatic domain), and 30.7% (sexual domain), respectively. @entity1 with little or no symptoms before therapy improved by 9%, those with mild complaints at entry by 24%, with moderate by 32%, and with severe symptoms by 39% - compared with the baseline score. We showed that the distribution of complaints of @entity251 deficient @entity1 before therapy almost returned to norm values after 12 weeks of @entity251 treatment. Age, BMI, and total @entity251 level at baseline did not modify the positive effect of @entity342 therapy. We also demonstrated that the AMS results can predict the independent (physician's) opinion about the individual treatment effect. Both, sensitivity (correct prediction of a positive assessment by the physician) and specificity (correct prediction of a negative assessment by the physician) were over 70%, if about 22% improvement of the AMS total score was used as cut-off point. CONCLUSION: The AMS scale showed a convincing ability to measure treatment effects on quality of life across the full range of severity of complaints. Effect modification by other variables at baseline was not observed. In addition, results of the scale can predict the subjective clinical expert opinion on the treatment efficiency.

title: Sensitivity as outcome measure of XXXX replacement: the AMS scale.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen']

answer: @entity342 :: (CHEBI:50113,Chemical) :: ['androgen']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity4309 is linked to germline mutations in mismatch repair genes. We analyzed the genotype-phenotype correlations in the largest cohort so far reported. @entity1 AND METHODS: Following standard algorithms, we identified 281 of 574 unrelated families with deleterious germline mutations in @entity6756 (n = 124) or @entity4311 (n = 157). A total of 988 @entity1 with 1,381 @entity5 were included in this analysis. RESULTS: We identified 181 and 259 individuals with proven or obligatory and 254 and 294 with assumed @entity6756 and @entity4311 mutations, respectively. Age at diagnosis was younger both in regard to first @entity5 (40 v 43 years; P < .009) and to first @entity14 ( @entity14 ; 41 v 44 years; P = .004) in @entity6756 (n = 435) versus @entity4311 (n = 553) mutation carriers. In both groups, @entity5 were remarkably frequent, and the time span between first and second @entity14 was smaller if the first primary occurred left sided. @entity356 was the third most frequent @entity5 occurring without a similarly affected relative in most cases. All @entity263 occurred in @entity4311 mutation carriers. CONCLUSION: The proportion of @entity5 and @entity5 indicates the need for a defined treatment strategy for primary @entity5 in @entity14 @entity1 . Male @entity6756 mutation carriers require earlier colonoscopy beginning at age 20 years. We propose regular gastric surveillance starting at age 35 years, regardless of the familial occurrence of this @entity5 . The association of @entity263 with @entity4311 mutations should be taken into consideration both for clinical and genetic counseling practice.

title: Genotype-phenotype comparison of German XXXX and @entity4311 mutation carriers clinically affected with @entity4309 : a report by the German HNPCC Consortium.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancers', 'prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity4309 :: ('MESH:D003123', 'Disease') :: ['Lynch syndrome']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['shorter time span to metachronous cancers', 'cancers', 'rectal cancers', 'cancer', 'malignancy']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer', 'CRC', 'colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['Gastric cancer']

answer: @entity6756 :: (4292,Gene) :: ['MLH1']


abstract: Human antibody to the @entity327 capsular polysaccharide ( @entity2723 ) is restricted in diversity in the individual and the population with a limited number of variable region genes encoding antibody. Antibody to the @entity2723 shows restricted isoelectric focusing gel patterns and light chain usage with frequent restriction to use of only kappa light chains. Shared cross-reactive idiotypes are expressed on antibody. The heavy chain of antibody to the @entity2723 is predominantly encoded by two members of the VH3 family--LSG 6.1/M85-like and VH26/30P1-like. In VH the CDR1, based on complete identity in LSG 6.1/M85-like antibodies, CDR2, based on the suggestion of mutation in this region, and CDR3, based on conserved CDR3 usage in unrelated individuals, may be important for antigen binding. Six or more different VL gene families encode antibody. The predominant antibody of the majority of individuals uses the A2-V kappa II gene in germline or near germline configuration, which encodes an idiotype designated HibId-1. Antibody can also be encoded by V kappa I, non-A2 V kappa II, V kappa III, V kappa IV, V lambda II, and V lambda VII genes. Although different VL genes can be used, unrelated individuals appear to use the same V kappa III (A27), V lambda II (V lambda 2.1 and V lambda VII (4A) genes. The VL diversity accounts for differences in fine binding specificity, with A2-V kappa II genes not encoding @entity526 K100 @entity2723 cross-reactive antibodies and V lambda VII genes and some of the non-A2 V kappa genes encoding cross-reactive antibodies. The @entity369 in CDR3 of both antibody kappa and lambda light chains and the @entity2734 in CDR2 of VL sequences and in CDR1 of LSG6.1-M85 VH sequences of antibody appear to be important residues for antigen binding. A relatively limited degree of somatic mutation has occurred in the non-A2 VL genes, V lambda VII, and the VH genes. Further studies comparing the polymorphism of germline V genes to antibody-encoding V genes are needed to clarify this issue. Research comparing this repertoire to repertoires directed to other bacterial @entity2723 and to self antigens and defining structure-antigen binding relationships is in progress.

title: The repertoire of human antibody to the XXXX type b capsular polysaccharide.

entities_list: @entity327 :: ('727', 'Species') :: ['Haemophilus influenzae']

entities_list: @entity2734 :: ('CHEBI:17196', 'Chemical') :: ['asparagine']

entities_list: @entity369 :: ('CHEBI:29016', 'Chemical') :: ['arginine']

answer: @entity327 :: (727,Species) :: ['Haemophilus influenzae']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Targeted screening for @entity164 2 @entity6 has been proposed as a method of identifying @entity1 with, or at risk of, the disease in order to implement preventive care. AIM: To assess the changes in @entity148 , well-being, and cognitions associated with screening for @entity164 2 @entity6 in @entity1 at increased risk of @entity6 after 1 year; and to identify potential predictors of increased @entity148 and lower well being over this period. DESIGN AND SETTING: One-year follow up of a cohort of non- @entity6 siblings of those with @entity164 2 @entity6 registered with general practitioners in Oxfordshire and Northamptonshire who were identified for participation in a programme to undertake sib-pair genetic analysis. METHODS: Potential families were selected through identification of @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 . Family members aged 35-74 years, who did not have @entity6 and who were willing to participate in the study, completed measures before receiving the results of a fasting plasma @entity413 test, and 1 year later. Measures included the Spielberger State Anxiety Scale-short form (SSAI-SF), the Well-Being Questionnaire 12 item scale (WBQ-12), and measures of cognitions about developing @entity6 . The @entity148 ( @entity148 ) was completed before receiving the results of the tests to assess its relationship with @entity148 at 1 year. RESULTS: A cohort of 431 individuals was identified, of whom 328 (76%) returned fully completed WBQ scales both initially and at 1 year. @entity148 measured with the SSAI-SF fell from 34.5 (95% CI 33.4-35.6) to 32.3 (31.2-33.4) at 1 year (P < 0.0001). Mean WBQ-12 scores rose (i.e. improved) from 26.8 (26.0-27.4) to 27.4 (26.7-28.1) (P = 0.008). SSAI-SF and WBQ-12 mean scores over 1 year did not differ between @entity1 receiving a normal or an at-risk test result. However, those receiving an at-risk test result were more likely, at 1 year, to consider themselves at increased likelihood of developing @entity6 (P < 0.001) and to report thinking about what it would be like to develop @entity6 (P = 0.006). A score in the upper tertile of the initial @entity148 was associated with an increased level of @entity148 at 1 year (adjusted odds ratio 2.0, 95% CI 1.2-3.4, P = 0.006). CONCLUSIONS: There is no evidence that an 'at-risk' test result leads to sustained @entity148 or reduced well being at 1 year compared with those receiving a normal test result. However, further studies are required to clarify levels of @entity148 prior to screening to assess the overall impact of the process.

title: The impact of screening for @entity164 2 @entity6 in siblings of @entity1 with established XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'people']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['State anxiety', 'HAI', 'anxiety', 'Health Anxiety Inventory']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']


abstract: In the period 1968-1986 a total of 1618 fatalities among @entity734 were investigated at the three University Institutes of Forensic Medicine in Denmark. The annual number rose from 5 in 1968 to 163 in 1980, thereafter there has been a gradual fall to 121 in 1986. About 80% were males. The average age has risen from 22/23 years in the early 1970s to 31 years in 1986, and the percentage of addicts with a duration of abuse more than 10 years has increased gradually; both facts indicate a decrease in the recruitment among the quite young. In the whole period @entity1286 was abused, supplemented by various medicines. @entity4944 was abused in the first years and again in 1986. The percentages of addicts with an abuse of @entity167 and of addicts dying after a period of abstinence lasting more than 1 year, respectively, have increased. No essential changes were observed regarding distribution of residence or of the cause and manner of @entity204 . In the @entity4968 cases the predominant drug of @entity4968 was @entity1286 / @entity4521 , in all the years constituting approx. 30-50%. The second most frequent drugs of @entity4968 in the first half of the period was barbiturate, in the last half @entity15848 and @entity284 . Only very few cases dying of @entity2072 @entity4968 were present and deaths due to so-called designer drugs have not been observed.

title: @entity204 among XXXX in Denmark in 1968-1986.

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity4968 :: ('MESH:D011041', 'Disease') :: ['poisoning']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine']

entities_list: @entity15848 :: ('MESH:D011431', 'Chemical') :: ['dextropropoxyphene']

entities_list: @entity284 :: ('MESH:D008691', 'Chemical') :: ['methadone']

entities_list: @entity4944 :: ('MESH:D000661', 'Chemical') :: ['Amphetamine']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['drug addicts']

answer: @entity734 :: (MESH:D019966,Disease) :: ['drug addicts']


abstract: Physician-rating scales remain the standard in antidepressant clinical trials. The current study aimed to examine the discrepancies between physician-rating scales and self-rating scales for symptoms and functioning, before and after treatment, in newly hospitalized @entity1 . A total of 131 acutely ill inpatients with major @entity308 were enrolled to receive 20 mg of @entity905 daily for 6 weeks. Symptom severity and functioning were assessed at baseline and again at week 6. Symptom severity was rated using the 17-item Hamilton @entity308 Rating Scale ( @entity3831 -17) and the Zung Self-rating @entity308 Scale (ZDS). Functioning was measured by the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) and the Work and Social Adjustment Scale (WSAS). Pearson correlation coefficients (r) between @entity3831 -17 and ZDS and between GAF and WSAS were calculated at week 0 and week 6. Sensitivity to change was measured using effect sizes. One-hundred twelve @entity1 completed the 6-week trial. After 6 weeks of treatment, correlations between @entity3831 -17 and ZDS or correlations between GAF and WSAS became larger from baseline to end point. All correlations were statistically significant (P < 0.001). Effect sizes measured by physician-rating scales (ie, @entity3831 -17 and GAF) were larger than by self-rating scales (ie, ZDS and WSAS). Correlations between baseline physician-rating scale scores and self-rating scale scores improved after 6 weeks of treatment. Physician-rating scales had larger effect sizes than self-rating scales. Physician-rating scales were more sensitive in detecting symptom or functional changes than self-rating scales.

title: Comparison of Physician-Rating and Self-Rating Scales for XXXX With @entity308 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression', 'depressive disorder']

entities_list: @entity905 :: ('MESH:D005473', 'Chemical') :: ['fluoxetine']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: PURPOSE: Molecular optical imaging using monoclonal antibodies is slow with low @entity5 to background ratio. We used anti- @entity1722 VHHs conjugated to IRDye 800CW to investigate their potential as probes for rapid optical molecular imaging of @entity1722 -positive @entity5 by the determination of @entity5 accumulation and @entity5 to background levels. METHODS: Three anti- @entity1722 VHHs (11A4, 18C3, 22G12) were selected with phage display and produced in @entity526 . Binding affinities of these probes to SKBR3 cells were determined before and after site-specific conjugation to IRDye 800CW. To determine the potential of VHH-IR as imaging probes, serial optical imaging studies were carried out using @entity1 SKBR3 and @entity1 MDA-MB-231 xenograft @entity0 models. Performance of the anti- @entity1722 VHH-IR was compared to that of trastuzumab-IR and a non- @entity1722 -specific VHH-IR. Image-guided surgery was performed during which SKBR3 @entity5 was removed under the guidance of the VHH-IR signal. RESULTS: Site-specific conjugation of IRDye 800CW to three anti- @entity1722 VHHs preserved high affinity binding with the following dissociation constants (KD): 11A4 1.9        0.03, 18C3 14.3        1.8 and 22G12 3.2        0.5 nM. Based upon different criteria such as binding, production yield and @entity5 accumulation, 11A4 was selected for further studies. Comparison of 11A4-IR with trastuzumab-IR showed    20 times faster @entity5 accumulation of the anti- @entity1722 VHH, with a much higher contrast between @entity5 and background tissue (11A4-IR 2.5        0.3, trastuzumab-IR 1.4        0.4, 4 h post-injection). 11A4-IR was demonstrated to be a useful tool in image-guided surgery. CONCLUSION: VHH-IR led to a much faster @entity5 accumulation with high @entity5 to background ratios as compared to trastuzumab-IR allowing same-day imaging for clinical investigation as well as image-guided surgery.

title: Rapid optical imaging of @entity1 @entity0 xenografts using anti- XXXX VHHs site-directly conjugated to IRDye 800CW for image-guided surgery.

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

answer: @entity1722 :: (2064,Gene) :: ['HER2']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The impact of @entity28 , a frequent problem after renal transplantation, which has been associated with poor graft and @entity1 survival, was evaluated on renal function and @entity205 (CsA) blood levels. @entity1 : We retrospectively evaluated the data of adolescent renal recipients between 1994 and 2004. Patients with serum @entity1011 > or = 2.5 mg/dL were excluded. We grouped the data with regard to the body mass index (BMI) percentiles as group I (BMI > 95th), group II (BMI < 95th), group III (BMI > 85th), group IV (BMI < 85th). We compared the clinical and laboratory findings between groups I and II and between groups III and IV. RESULTS: We evaluated 778 visits of 27 @entity1 (M/F: 19/8). There were 30 visits in the @entity28 period (group I) and 72 visits after the overweight periods were added (group III). Serum @entity1011 levels were significantly higher and glomerular filtration rate levels significantly lower among @entity28 and/or overweight than lean periods (P < .05). @entity644 levels were similar in groups I and II, but significantly higher in group III than group IV (P = .356 and .000, respectively). CsA(mg/bw), CsA(mg/bmi), and CsA(mg/bsa) levels were significantly lower in group I than group II and in group III than group IV (P < .05), while C0 and C2 levels were similar (P > .05). CONCLUSION: Weight gain is associated with worse renal functions but not greater @entity644 in our @entity1 . Smaller CsA doses were sufficient to maintain C0 and C2 levels similar to the lean @entity1 , results that were parallel to those of adult renal recipients.

title: Effect of XXXX and overweight on @entity205 blood levels and renal functions in renal adolescent recipients.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['Proteinuria', 'proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obese', 'obesity']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporine']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obesity']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Pharmacological inhibition of @entity1426 metabolism has proven therapeutically useful in the prevention of cardiovascular events. METHODS: We have investigated the ability of Bay u 3405, a synthetic @entity2871 antagonist, to interfere with @entity1423 and @entity1426 metabolism. The antiplatelet action was also analysed in a perfusion system in which vascular subendothelium was exposed to circulating @entity1 blood (10 min; shear rate = 800 s-1). Platelet interactions were morphometrically analysed and results compared with those obtained in studies with blood from donors taking @entity117 ( @entity117 , @entity1281 ) (500 mg day-1). The additional effect of Bay u 3405 on the antiplatelet action of @entity1281 was also evaluated. RESULTS: Bay u 3405 caused a dose-dependent inhibition of @entity1423 induced by @entity2872 with a maximal effect at concentrations > or = 0.01 microgram @entity19264 . Higher concentrations (> or = 0.05 micrograms @entity19264 ) also inhibited aggregations induced by @entity857 or collagen. Bay u 3405 did not interfere with platelet @entity1426 metabolism. In perfusion studies, Bay u 3405 (0.01 microgram @entity19264 ) significantly decreased the total surface of the vessel covered by platelets (%CS = 18.7 +/- 1.09 vs. 24.4 +/- 1.94; P < 0.05) and the formation of large aggregates %T = 7.5 +/- 0.87 vs. 19.3 +/- 1.61; P < 0.01). @entity1281 treatment reduced platelet aggregate formation (%T = 13.7 +/- 2.06; P < 0.05) but did not affect the total surface covered by platelets. The in vitro addition of Bay u 3405 to blood from @entity1281 -treated donors further reduced the formation of large aggregates (%T = 2.7 +/- 0.79; P < 0.01 vs. @entity1281 ). CONCLUSIONS: In vitro effect of Bay u 3405 on platelet function were superior to those observed with @entity1281 . The @entity2871 antagonism antagonism provided by Bay u 3405 further enhanced the inhibition of platelet aggregate formation found after @entity1281 treatment.

title: Inhibition of platelet-vessel wall interactions by @entity2871 receptor antagonism in a @entity1 in vitro system: potentiation of antiplatelet effects of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2871 :: ('CHEBI:26995', 'Chemical') :: ['thromboxane']

entities_list: @entity1423 :: ('MESH:D001791', 'Disease') :: ['platelet aggregation']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylsalicylic acid', 'aspirin']

entities_list: @entity1426 :: ('MESH:D016718', 'Chemical') :: ['arachidonic acid']

answer: @entity117 :: (MESH:D001241,Chemical) :: ['aspirin']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Recommendations for efficient photoselective vaporization of the prostate ( @entity12468 ) include a side-to-side rotational laser-fiber "sweeping" motion, yet scientific study of this technique is lacking. We investigated whether the speed of laser-fiber sweeping affects tissue vaporization efficiency. METHODS: @entity12468 was performed using the 120-W GreenLight high-performance system. Video analysis of a surgeon performing @entity12468 was carried out to identify sweeping speeds used clinically. @entity12468 efficiency was subsequently tested at four different sweeping speeds using two manipulations of an ex vivo @entity291 prostate model, including (1) excised prostate tissues (n = 40) in a vaporization chamber equipped with motorized laser-fiber movements; (2) retrograde endoscopic vaporization (n = 80) within whole lower urinary tracts. Vaporized cavity sizes and coagulative margins were measured by liquid-paraffin molding and histologic cross-sectioning approaches. RESULTS: Video analysis of clinical @entity12468 showed wide variability in sweeping speed, mostly ranging between 0.5 and 2.0 (mean 1.50) sweeps/second. Using either manipulation of the ex vivo @entity291 prostate model described above, @entity12468 at lower sweeping speeds (0.5 and 1.0 sweeps/second) removed significantly more tissue (up to twofold) compared with higher sweeping speeds (1.5 and 2.0 sweeps/second), with significant albeit minimal reductions in coagulation margins. CONCLUSION: In this ex vivo prostate model, our results suggest that vaporization efficiency is compromised with faster laser-fiber sweeping. This finding counters principles of traditional transurethral resection of the prostate, in which faster axial movement toward the surgeon removes tissue more efficiently. This study highlights that @entity12468 technique can be tested in a scientific manner, identifying optimal parameters for achieving maximal tissue vaporization efficiency.

title: The effect of laser-fiber sweeping speed on the efficiency of photoselective vaporization of the prostate in an ex vivo XXXX model.

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['bovine']


abstract: The primary objective of this study was to explore why preischemic @entity4053 , which restricts tissue @entity520 during the ischemic insult, does not ameliorate cell damage incurred as a result of transient @entity63 . The question arose whether @entity4053 (plasma @entity413 concentration 2-3 mM) delays resumption of extrusion of @entity141 from cells during recirculation. Measurements of extracellular @entity141 concentration during @entity63 of 15 min duration proved that this was the case. Thus, normoglycemic animals resumed @entity141 extrusion upon recirculation after a delay of 1.5-2.0 min, and hypoglycemic ones after an additional delay which could amount to 3-4 min. We attempted to explore the cause of this delay. At first sight, the results suggested that resumption of oxidative phosphorylation upon recirculation was substrate limited. However, @entity413 infusion during @entity63 or just after recirculation failed to accelerate @entity141 extrusion from the cells. A comparison between non-injected and insulin-injected animals at equal plasma @entity413 concentrations suggested that insulin was responsible for the delay. On analysis, the delay proved to be related to a sluggish recovery of cerebral blood flow. The results suggest that when cell damage is evaluated after transient @entity63 in hypo- and normoglycemic subjects, attention should be directed to the period of cell @entity460 'overload'. Unobserved differences in the duration of the @entity460 transient may also confound interpretation of data on the effects of insulin.

title: The influence of insulin-induced XXXX on the @entity460 transients accompanying reversible @entity63 in the rat.

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['forebrain ischemia', 'ischemia']

entities_list: @entity4053 :: ('MESH:D007003', 'Disease') :: ['hypoglycemia']

entities_list: @entity520 :: ('MESH:D000138', 'Disease') :: ['acidosis']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity4053 :: (MESH:D007003,Disease) :: ['hypoglycemia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Despite the abundant literature on the consequences of @entity1004 ( @entity1004 ) on mental health, @entity734 has rarely been considered, and the separate effects of the different types of @entity1004 have been understudied. The aim of this study was to analyze the association between physical, psychological, and sexual @entity1004 and @entity1 's mental health. METHODS: The sample included 1402 randomly selected @entity1 attending general practice in Spain. Information about @entity1004 , use of psychoactive drugs, @entity458 (measured with the 12-item General Health Questionnaire), and self-perceived health status was obtained through a self-administered structured questionnaire. RESULTS: Lifetime @entity1004 prevalence was 32%. All types of abuse were significantly associated with @entity458 , tranquilizers, and antidepressants use. Compared with never-abused @entity1 , those referring @entity734 solely were more likely to present negative mental health indicators. @entity1 reporting physical abuse presented worse self-perceived health than never-abused @entity1 (odds ratio [OR] = 1.74; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.04-2.91 for combined physical and @entity734 ; OR = 2.91; 95% CI = 1.73-4.91 for combined physical, psychological, and @entity458 ). @entity1 referring the 3 types of abuse were the most likely to present impaired mental health. Increased intensity and duration of some abusive experiences also led to increased levels of association with poor mental health. CONCLUSIONS: This study underlines that different types of @entity1004 can affect mental health differently. Results also show that @entity1004 can be present even when there are no physical @entity130 and highlight the need for clinicians to screen for psychological, as well as physical and sexual, @entity1004 .

title: Intimate partner violence and mental health consequences in XXXX attending family practice in Spain.

entities_list: @entity1004 :: ('MESH:C563733', 'Disease') :: ['IPV', 'intimate partner violence']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['psychological distress', 'sexual abuse']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['psychological abuse']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['injuries']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: A 48-year-old @entity1 was admitted with the sudden onset of symptoms of @entity64 caused by @entity548 in an @entity3271 . Despite surgery and antiedema treatment, the @entity1 died. Histological evaluation revealed an @entity3271 with calcified capillaries of the retiform type. To further investigate this phenomenon, a total of 160 @entity11 were reviewed: 90 @entity463 multiforme, 30 @entity3271 , and 40 @entity816 . Sufficient data were available for clinical evaluation in 100 cases. Of these, 5% (two @entity3271 and three @entity463 multiforme) were related to clinically significant @entity548 . Of the remaining cases, microhemorrhages were found in 53.0% of the @entity463 , in 56.7% of the @entity3271 , and in 10.0% of the @entity816 . In each case reviewed, the capillaries were assigned to one of three groups: axial, retiform, or glomeruloid. Statistical analysis revealed a significant association between @entity548 and @entity2478 in all three types of @entity5 , except that in @entity3271 the statistical significance held true when calcification of the capillaries was also present. @entity2478 were only weakly associated with @entity548 , and no association was found for axial capillaries. A large-scale prospective study is necessary to more precisely assess the role of each of the three types of capillaries in @entity548 of @entity11 . Based on data available so far, @entity1 with @entity5 with @entity2478 , confirmed on biopsy, should be carefully monitored to exclude possible @entity548 .

title: The relationship between the capillary structure and @entity548 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['intratumoral hemorrhage', 'hemorrhage', 'hemorrhages']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['glial tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity2478 :: ('MESH:D019559', 'Disease') :: ['Glomeruloid-type capillaries', 'retiform capillaries']

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['gliomas']

entities_list: @entity816 :: ('MESH:D001254', 'Disease') :: ['astrocytomas']

entities_list: @entity463 :: ('MESH:D005909', 'Disease') :: ['glioblastomas']

entities_list: @entity3271 :: ('MESH:D009837', 'Disease') :: ['oligodendrogliomas', 'oligodendroglioma']

answer: @entity11 :: (MESH:D005910,Disease) :: ['gliomas']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the feasibility and safety of robot-assisted thoracoscopic esophagectomy for @entity418 in the prone position. METHODS: Twenty-one @entity1 underwent robot-assisted thoracoscopic esophagectomy in the prone position by a surgical oncologist who had no prior experience with thoracoscopic esophagectomy. Hemodynamic and respiratory parameters were serially recorded to monitor changes in prone positioning. RESULTS: All thoracoscopic procedures were completed with a robot-assisted technique followed by cervical esophagogastrostomy. R0 resection was achieved in 20 @entity1 (95.2%), and the number of dissected nodes was 38.0 + or - 14.2. Robot console time was significantly reduced from 176.3 + or - 12.3 minutes in the initial 6 @entity1 (group 1) to 81.7 + or - 16.5 minutes in the latter 15 @entity1 (group 2) (P = .000). In group 2, there was less @entity190 (P = .018), more @entity1 could be extubated in the operating room (P = .004), and the number of dissected mediastinal nodes tended to be increased (P = .093). There was no incidence of @entity55 or 90-day mortality. Major complications included @entity834 in 4 @entity1 , @entity3746 in 6 @entity1 , and @entity548 in 1 @entity1 . The prone position led to an elevation of central venous pressure and mean pulmonary arterial pressure and a decrease in static lung compliance. However, cardiac index and mean arterial pressure were well maintained with the acceptable range of partial pressure of arterial @entity26 and @entity544 . CONCLUSION: Robotic assistance in the prone position is technically feasible and safe. Prone positioning was well tolerated, but preoperative risk assessment and meticulous anesthetic manipulation should be carried out.

title: Thoracoscopic esophagectomy for XXXX : feasibility and safety of robotic assistance in the prone position.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity834 :: ('MESH:D057868', 'Disease') :: ['anastomotic leakage']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['intra-abdominal bleeding']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity418 :: ('MESH:D004938', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal cancer']

entities_list: @entity544 :: ('MESH:D002245', 'Chemical') :: ['carbon dioxide']

entities_list: @entity3746 :: ('MESH:D014826', 'Disease') :: ['vocal cord palsy']

answer: @entity418 :: (MESH:D004938,Disease) :: ['esophageal cancer']


abstract: The participation of @entity376 in the catalysis by avian liver @entity7954 carboxykinase was studied by chemical modification and by a characterization of the modified enzyme. The rate of inactivation by @entity57707 is pseudo-first-order and linearly dependent on reagent concentration with a second-order rate constant of 0.36 +/- 0.025 M-1 @entity1009 . Inactivation by @entity2707 of the reversible reaction catalyzed by @entity7954 carboxykinase follows bimolecular kinetics with a second-order rate constant of 7700 +/- 860 M-1 @entity1009 . A second-order rate constant of inactivation for the irreversible reaction catalyzed by the enzyme is 1434 +/- 110 M-1 @entity1009 . Treatment of the enzyme with @entity2707 gives incorporation of 1 mol of @entity2707 per mole of enzyme or one @entity376 residue modified concomitant with 100% loss in activity. A stoichiometry of 1:1 is observed when either the reversible or the irreversible reactions catalyzed by the enzyme are monitored. A study of kobs vs pH suggests this active-site @entity376 has a pKa of 8.1 and a pH-independent rate constant of inactivation of 47,700 M-1 @entity1009 . The @entity1391 -containing substrates IDP, ITP, and @entity7954 offer almost complete protection against inactivation by @entity2707 . Modified, inactive enzyme exhibits little change in @entity3281 binding as shown by EPR. Proton relaxation rate measurements suggest that @entity2707 modification alters binding of the @entity1391 -containing substrates. 31P NMR relaxation rate measurements show altered binding of the substrates in the ternary enzyme.Mn2+.substrate complex. Circular dichroism studies show little change in secondary structure of @entity2707 modified @entity7954 carboxykinase. These results indicate that avian liver @entity7954 carboxykinase has one reactive @entity376 at the active site and it is involved in the binding and activation of the @entity1391 -containing substrates.

title: An active-site XXXX in avian liver @entity7954 carboxykinase.

entities_list: @entity7954 :: ('MESH:D010728', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphoenolpyruvate']

entities_list: @entity2707 :: ('MESH:D011732', 'Chemical') :: ["pyridoxal 5'-phosphate"]

entities_list: @entity1391 :: ('CHEBI:26020', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphate']

entities_list: @entity376 :: ('CHEBI:25094', 'Chemical') :: ['lysine']

answer: @entity376 :: (CHEBI:25094,Chemical) :: ['lysine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Antenatal corticosteroids for pregnant @entity1 at risk of @entity600 are among the most effective hospital-based interventions to reduce neonatal mortality. We aimed to assess the feasibility, effectiveness, and safety of a multifaceted intervention designed to increase the use of antenatal corticosteroids at all levels of health care in @entity258 and middle-income countries. METHODS: In this 18-month, cluster-randomised trial, we randomly assigned (1:1) rural and semi-urban clusters within six countries (Argentina, Guatemala, India, Kenya, Pakistan, and Zambia) to standard care or a multifaceted intervention including components to improve identification of @entity1 at risk of @entity600 and to facilitate appropriate use of antenatal corticosteroids. The primary outcome was 28-day neonatal mortality among @entity1 less than the 5th percentile for birthweight (a proxy for @entity600 ) across the clusters. Use of antenatal @entity288 and suspected @entity281 were additional main outcomes. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01084096. FINDINGS: The ACT trial took place between October, 2011, and March, 2014 (start dates varied by site). 51 intervention clusters with 47,394 livebirths (2520 [5%] less than 5th percentile for birthweight) and 50 control clusters with 50,743 livebirths (2258 [4%] less than 5th percentile) completed follow-up. 1052 (45%) of 2327 @entity1 in intervention clusters who delivered less-than-5th-percentile @entity1 received antenatal corticosteroids, compared with 215 (10%) of 2062 in control clusters (p<0  0001). Among the less-than-5th-percentile @entity1 , 28-day neonatal mortality was 225 per 1000 livebirths for the intervention group and 232 per 1000 livebirths for the control group (relative risk [RR] 0  96, 95% CI 0  87-1  06, p=0  65) and suspected @entity281 was reported in 236 (10%) of 2361 @entity1 in the intervention group and 133 (6%) of 2094 in the control group (odds ratio [OR] 1  67, 1  33-2  09, p<0  0001). Among the whole population, 28-day neonatal mortality was 27  4 per 1000 livebirths for the intervention group and 23  9 per 1000 livebirths for the control group (RR 1  12, 1  02-1  22, p=0  0127) and suspected @entity281 was reported in 1207 (3%) of 48,219 @entity1 in the intervention group and 867 (2%) of 51,523 in the control group (OR 1  45, 1  33-1  58, p<0  0001). INTERPRETATION: Despite increased use of antenatal corticosteroids in low-birthweight @entity1 in the intervention groups, neonatal mortality did not decrease in this group, and increased in the population overall. For every 1000 @entity1 exposed to this strategy, an excess of 3  5 neonatal deaths occurred, and the risk of @entity281 seems to have been increased. FUNDING: Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of @entity1 Health and @entity1 Development.

title: A population-based, multifaceted strategy to implement antenatal corticosteroid treatment versus standard care for the reduction of neonatal mortality due to @entity600 in XXXX and middle-income countries: the ACT cluster-randomised trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Child', 'women', 'infants', 'Human']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['preterm birth']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['maternal infection']

entities_list: @entity258 :: ('MESH:D009800', 'Disease') :: ['low-income']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity258 :: (MESH:D009800,Disease) :: ['low-income']


abstract: @entity3430 ( @entity3430 ), an intestine-specific gene, is induced in the differentiated small intestinal villous epithelium during the suckling-weaning transition in @entity19 . We have previously identified cis-acting elements within a short evolutionarily conserved @entity3430 promoter. However, the nature and profile of expression of the interacting proteins have not been fully characterized during this developmental transition. Herein, we show that hepatocyte nuclear factor-1 alpha ( @entity22437 ), @entity7006 , and caudal related homeodomain proteins @entity6733 and @entity34015 are the primary transcription factors from the adult @entity19 intestinal epithelium to interact with the SIF3, @entity41551 , and @entity62296 elements of the SI promoter. We wanted to study whether @entity22437 , @entity7006 , and @entity6733 can cooperate in the regulation of SI gene expression. Immunolocalization experiments revealed that @entity22437 is detected in rare epithelial cells of suckling @entity19 and becomes progressively more expressed in the villous epithelial cells during the suckling-weaning transition. @entity7006 protein is expressed exclusively in villous differentiated epithelial cells of the proximal small intestine, decreases in expression in the ileum, and becomes undetectable in the colon. @entity22437 , @entity7006 , and @entity6733 interact in vitro and in vivo. These factors activate @entity3430 promoter activity in cotransfection experiments where @entity7006 requires the presence of both @entity22437 and @entity6733 . These findings imply a combinatory role of @entity22437 , @entity6733 , and @entity7006 for the time- and position-dependent regulation of SI transcription during development.

title: Hepatocyte nuclear factor-1 alpha, @entity7006 , and caudal related homeodomain protein XXXX interact functionally to modulate intestinal gene transcription. Implication for the developmental regulation of the @entity3430 gene.

answer: @entity6733 :: (12591(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['Cdx2']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The main aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the efficacy of drug-eluting beads with irinotecan (DEBIRI) for liver @entity3 from @entity14 . Secondary aims were to evaluate survival and @entity137 . METHODS: Twenty-five @entity1 with @entity3 in <50% of the liver and without extrahepatic involvement were enrolled. Treatment response assessment was performed by multidetector contrast enhancement computed tomography (MDCT) with evaluation of the enhancement pattern of the @entity75 and @entity5 response rates according to modified Response Evaluation Criteria in @entity5 (mRECIST, Version 1.1). All adverse events were recorded by the Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events, Version 3.0. Associations of @entity5 response and variables were calculated using the chi-squared test. @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Comparisons were made using the log-rank test. RESULTS: According to mRECIST, complete response (CR) was observed in 21.8% of @entity1 , partial response (PR) in 13%, @entity66 ( @entity66 ) in 52.2% and @entity74 ( @entity74 ) in 13% of @entity1 . Response rate (RR = CR + PR) was 34.8%. No associations between treatment response and variables such as Dukes' classification, grading and Kras status were found (P>0.05). The median @entity1349 was 37 months (95% CI: 13.881 to 60.119). Cox regression model showed that neither site, Dukes' classification, grading, Kras status nor number of chemotherapy treatments pre-DEBIRI influenced the @entity1349 . The log-rank test showed no statistically significant difference in @entity1349 among @entity1 who underwent 1, 2 or 3 DEBIRI treatments (  (2)=2.831, P=0.09). In our study, the main @entity137 included @entity751 ( @entity751 ), hypertransaminasemia and @entity221 . CONCLUSION: The favorable @entity5 response and the favorable @entity137 profile make DEBIRI treatment a potential third-line therapy. Although further larger studies are needed to confirm these data, we can state that DEBIRI is an attractive emerging treatment in these @entity1 .

title: A pilot study employing hepatic intra-arterial irinotecan injection of drug-eluting beads as salvage therapy in liver metastatic @entity14 XXXX without extrahepatic involvement: the first southern Italy experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['SD', 'stable disease']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['target lesion']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Solid Tumors']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['PD', 'progressive disease']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity751 :: ('MESH:D013577', 'Disease') :: ['PES', 'postembolization syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'Overall survival']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: The aim of the present study was to assess whether EPC (endothelial progenitor cell) number/function might be an explanatory factor for the observed relationship between @entity1314 (a joint tendency towards negative affectivity and social inhibition) and poor cardiovascular prognosis. We also assessed whether the effect of a single exercise bout on EPC number/function was affected by @entity1314 . A total of 35 sedentary @entity1 with @entity712 ( @entity712 ; left ventricular ejection fraction <or=45%) underwent CPET (cardiopulmonary exercise testing) and personality assessment with the 14-item @entity19392 scale. @entity2280 +/ @entity319 (kinase insert domain-containing receptor)+ cells were quantified by flow cytometry before and immediately after CPET. Migration of early EPC towards @entity7 ( @entity7 ) and SDF-1alpha (stromal-cell-derived factor-1alpha) was investigated. @entity19392 (n=10) and non- @entity19392 (n=25) @entity1 were comparable with regards to demographics, disease severity and Framingham risk factor score. Circulating EPC numbers were reduced by 54% in @entity19392 compared with non- @entity19392 @entity1 (0.084+/-0.055 and 0.183+/-0.029% of lymphocytes respectively; P=0.006). Exercise led to a 60% increase in EPC in @entity19392 @entity1 , whereas the EPC number remained unchanged in the non- @entity19392 group (P=0.049). Baseline migratory capacity was related to disease severity, but was not different between @entity19392 and non- @entity19392 @entity1 . Exercise induced a highly significant enhancement of migratory capacity in both groups. In conclusion, reduced EPC numbers might explain the impaired cardiovascular outcome in @entity19392 @entity1 . The larger increase in circulating EPCs observed in these @entity1 suggests that acute exercise elicits a more pronounced stimulus for endothelial repair.

title: Circulating XXXX +/ @entity319 + endothelial progenitor cells are reduced in @entity712 @entity1 as a function of @entity1314 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['chronic heart failure', 'CHF']

entities_list: @entity7 :: ('7422', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor', 'VEGF']

entities_list: @entity1314 :: ('MESH:D010554', 'Disease') :: ['Type D personality']

answer: @entity2280 :: (947,Gene) :: ['CD34']


abstract: BACKGROUND: As yet there is no firm evidence about the types of intervention that can reduce emergency room revisits. However, the literature on emergency room revisits suggests @entity1 difficulties with managing their health problems and treatments after discharge may play a role. OBJECTIVES: We carried out a randomized trial of an emergency department-based nursing intervention, but results showed no reduction in revisits (primary outcome). This paper describes the secondary outcomes of the trial: @entity1 perceptions of continuity of care, illness perceptions, self-care capacities, @entity1109 and medication adherence 30 days after emergency room discharge. DESIGN: Randomized, controlled trial. SETTINGS: The trial was conducted in the emergency department of a tertiary cardiac hospital in Montreal, Canada between November 2007 and March 2010. @entity1 : The study involved 203 @entity1 , including 108 in the experimental group and 95 in the control group. METHODS: The intervention included one nurse @entity1 encounter before discharge and two phone calls in the 10 days after discharge. @entity1 provided data 30 days post-discharge on secondary outcomes potentially related to emergency department revisits. RESULTS: Although, as previously reported, the intervention had no impact on the primary outcome of emergency department revisits, the present study demonstrated a significant positive effect on @entity1 ' perceived continuity of care (p=.033), self-care capacities (p=.037), @entity148 (p=.007) and @entity308 (p=.043), and the illness perceptions treatment control subscale (p=.037). No differences were found for other illness perception subscales or medication adherence (all p's>.05). CONCLUSION: Although the intervention did not influence emergency department revisits it did improve secondary outcomes, suggesting pathways for future research.

title: The impact of an emergency department nursing intervention on continuity of care, self-care capacities and XXXX : Secondary outcomes of a randomized controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Participants', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['psychological symptoms']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive symptoms']

answer: @entity1109 :: (MESH:D012678,Disease) :: ['psychological symptoms']


abstract: We review the Saskatchewan Movement Disorders Program, which started in 1968 and has had the dual goals of @entity1 care and research. The clinics are structured to collect research-worthy data including videos, longitudinal follow-up, and autopsy studies of @entity1 seen in the clinics. At every clinic visit, the @entity1 is evaluated by one or both authors. A total of 25% to 30% of the deceased come to autopsy. Frozen half-brain and @entity406 -fixed remnants from autopsy are preserved in our laboratories. @entity1 not seen in our clinic are not included in research, which makes it different from brain banks. So far, 515 cases have come to autopsy. So far, there have been 17 collaborating scientific teams from Canada, the United States, Europe, and Japan. The collaborators are not charged for access to our resources. This program offers a unique opportunity to study multiple aspects of @entity717 @entity1 seen in clinical practice.

title: Saskatchewan XXXX program.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['movement disorder']

entities_list: @entity406 :: ('MESH:D005557', 'Chemical') :: ['formalin']

answer: @entity717 :: (MESH:D009069,Disease) :: ['movement disorders']


abstract: In the kidney @entity842 (NO) has numerous important functions including the regulation of renal haemodynamics, maintenance of medullary perfusion, mediation of pressure-natriuresis, blunting of tubuloglomerular feedback, inhibition of tubular @entity1372 reabsorption and modulation of renal sympathetic neural activity. The net effect of NO in the kidney is to promote natriuresis and diuresis. Significantly, deficient renal NO synthesis has been implicated in the pathogenesis of @entity101 . All three isoforms of @entity842 synthase ( @entity2821 ), namely neuronal @entity2821 ( @entity2821 or @entity2821 ), inducible @entity2821 ( @entity3623 or @entity3623 ) and endothelial @entity2821 (eNOS or @entity2821 ) are reported to contribute to NO synthesis in the kidney. The regulation of NO synthesis in the kidney by NOSs is complex and incompletely understood. Historically, many studies of @entity2821 regulation in the kidney have emphasized the role of variations in gene transcription and translation. It is increasingly appreciated, however, that the constitutive @entity2821 isoforms ( @entity2821 and eNOS) are also subject to rapid regulation by post-translational mechanisms such as @entity141 flux, @entity563 / @entity1889 phosphorylation and protein-protein interactions. Recent studies have emphasized the role of post-translational regulation of @entity2821 and eNOS in the regulation of NO synthesis in the kidney. In particular, a role for phosphorylation of @entity2821 and eNOS at both activating and inhibitory sites is emerging in the regulation of NO synthesis in the kidney. This review summarizes the roles of NO in renal physiology and discusses recent advances in the regulation of eNOS and @entity2821 in the kidney by post-translational mechanisms such as @entity563 / @entity1889 phosphorylation.

title: XXXX in the kidney: functions and regulation of synthesis.

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity563 :: ('CHEBI:17822', 'Chemical') :: ['serine']

entities_list: @entity1889 :: ('CHEBI:26986', 'Chemical') :: ['threonine']

answer: @entity842 :: (MESH:D009569,Chemical) :: ['Nitric oxide']


abstract: PURPOSE: The computed tomography (CT) scan is currently the gold standard in the imaging of orbital @entity174 . The weak points of this imaging modality, however, include restricted soft tissue depiction as well as the radiation. Both attributes are of particular importance in @entity1 because of the high rate of trapdoor @entity174 and the radiation to the lens. Although magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is not associated with these drawbacks, it has not been established in the primary diagnosis of @entity8924 . The aim of our study was to establish the use of MRI with a special orbital coil for the primary diagnosis of @entity2694 . @entity1 AND METHODS: In our retrospective study, 14 @entity4806 @entity1 presented to our department with a blunt @entity2694 from 2003 to 2007. Twelve of 14 @entity1 with orbital floor @entity174 required surgical reconstruction. Until 2004, imaging was carried out by plain x-rays and CT scan for a decision regarding the necessity of surgery. Since introducing the MRI microscopy orbital coil in 2004, CT scans have been replaced by MRI for the primary @entity174 diagnosis in 8 @entity4806 cases. Kappa statistics have been applied to assess inter- and intraobserver reliability for CT scans and MRI. This study shows our experiences using MRI in combination with conventional x-rays to determine the operative approach in 2 of the 8 @entity4806 cases suffering from blunt @entity2694 . RESULTS: The most common causes for @entity2694 in our collective were accidents. In 8 cases using MRI as the primary imaging modality, depiction of the @entity174 dislocation and differentiation of the adjacent fatty and muscle tissue was excellent and indication for surgery was distinct. MRI reached a high intra- and inter-rater agreement level (kappa=0.80). CONCLUSION: MRI combined with a microscopy orbital coil is a valuable alternative to the CT scan in the primary diagnosis of @entity8924 . Floor @entity174 , and particularly muscle incarceration, should be diagnosed by high resolution MRI combined with a microscopy coil instead of CT to avoid radiation to the lens and to obtain a better soft tissue depiction.

title: High resolution magnetic resonance imaging with an orbital coil as an alternative to computed tomography scan as the primary imaging modality of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'fracture']

entities_list: @entity4806 :: ('MESH:D063766', 'Disease') :: ['pediatric']

entities_list: @entity2694 :: ('MESH:D009916', 'Disease') :: ['pediatric orbital trauma', 'orbital trauma']

entities_list: @entity8924 :: ('MESH:D009917', 'Disease') :: ['pediatric orbital fractures']

answer: @entity8924 :: (MESH:D009917,Disease) :: ['pediatric orbital fractures']


abstract: @entity1707 ( @entity1707 ) feces, separately collected and amended with @entity3505 straw, was composted in a tunnel reactor connected with a cooler. The composting process was monitored for 4 wk and the degradation of organic matter was studied by two chemical extraction methods, @entity7352 cross polarization magic angle spinning (CPMAS) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC- @entity15 ). Wet-chemical extraction methods were not adequate to study the degradation of specific organic compounds as the extraction reagents did not give selective separation of hemicellulose, cellulose, proteins, and lignins. A new method was proposed to calculate the contribution of four biomacromolecules (aliphatics, proteins, polysaccharides, and lignin) from the @entity7352 CPMAS NMR spectrum. Pyrolysis GC- @entity15 allowed identification of the composition of the biomacromolecules. The biomacromolecules showed different rates of degradation during composting. High initial degradation rates of aliphatics, hemicellulose, and proteins were observed, where aliphatics were completely degraded and hemicellulose and proteins were partly recalcitrant during the four weeks of composting. The degradation rate of cellulose was much lower and degradation was not completed within the four weeks of composting. @entity44516 was not degraded during the thermophilic stage of composting but started to degrade slowly during the mesophilic stage. A combination of @entity7352 CPMAS NMR and pyrolysis GC- @entity15 gave good qualitative and semiquantitative assessments of the degradation of biomacromolecules during composting.

title: Degradation of biomacromolecules during high-rate composting of XXXX straw-amended feces.

answer: @entity3505 :: (4565,Species) :: ['wheat']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Surgery is the primary treatment for all subtypes of @entity27418 , but neoadjuvant therapy may be warranted in cases of @entity1821 ( @entity1821 ), which has an increased risk of recurrence and @entity3 . Therefore, an accurate subtype-specific diagnosis is vital for appropriate consideration of neoadjuvant therapy. Previous studies assessing the subtype-specific accuracy of percutaneous biopsy are limited. We aimed to analyze the accuracy of preoperative percutaneous biopsy in the subtype-specific diagnosis of @entity27418 and thus the reliability of percutaneous biopsy in guiding decisions about neoadjuvant treatment. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records, including the pathologic reports, interventional radiology reports, and operative reports, of @entity1 registered in the retroperitoneal/well-differentiated @entity1821 (WDLS/ @entity1821 ) database at The University of Texas @entity601 Anderson @entity5 Center between 1993 and 2013. RESULTS: We identified 120 @entity1 who underwent 137 preoperative percutaneous biopsies followed by surgical resections. Pathologic examination following resection indicated that 74 of the @entity1 had WDLS and 63 had @entity1821 . The overall diagnostic accuracy of percutaneous biopsy for identifying the subtype of @entity1821 was 62.8 % (86/137); the accuracy for identifying WDLS was significantly higher (85.1 %; 63/74) than that for identifying @entity1821 (36.5 %; 23/63) (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Percutaneous biopsy has low accuracy in the diagnosis of retroperitoneal @entity1821 . This can potentially mislead physicians in the decision to implement neoadjuvant treatment. When developing treatment strategies, including clinical trials for @entity1 with @entity27418 , physicians should carefully consider the low accuracy of percutaneous biopsy in detecting @entity1821 .

title: Accuracy of preoperative percutaneous biopsy for the diagnosis of XXXX subtypes.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity27418 :: ('MESH:C538370', 'Disease') :: ['retroperitoneal liposarcoma']

entities_list: @entity1821 :: ('MESH:D008080', 'Disease') :: ['liposarcoma', 'dedifferentiated liposarcoma', 'DDLS']

answer: @entity27418 :: (MESH:C538370,Disease) :: ['retroperitoneal liposarcoma']


abstract: Acute emotional arousal, regardless of the emotional state, increases sympathetic activity. The sympathetic response, however, does not lead to a uniform change in all sympathetically innervated systems. The response magnitude of specific systems, such as the cardiovascular system, depends to a large extent on constitutional and hereditary factors. The subjective awareness of bodily changes accompanying heightened sympathetic activity is inaccurate; @entity1 often recognize the direction but not the degree of change. The level of body awareness depends on various psychologic factors, of which @entity148 plays an important role. Acute stress produces sympathetic activation in nonanxious as well as anxious @entity1 . Nonanxious @entity1 tend to have more flexible autonomic responses. They show stronger responses to novel situations but return to lower autonomic levels earlier and habituate faster than do anxious @entity1 . That is, nonanxious @entity1 possess a greater autonomic flexibility than anxious @entity1 . It is important to know the physiologic state of @entity148 @entity1 during periods when they do not feel anxious, during times of heightened @entity2701 , during the performance of standardized stress tasks, during exposure to psychopathology-specific stressors, and during "spontaneously" occurring surges of @entity148 , such as @entity4697 . At present only limited information concerning these conditions is available. There is little evidence that @entity148 @entity1 , perhaps with the exception of very severe cases, have an increased sympathetic tone when they do not feel anxious. However, all @entity148 , with the exception of @entity6542 , show some sort of physiologic activation in threatening situations, including the recording of physiologic baseline values in laboratories. The type of activation differs among @entity148 . During periods of rest, social phobics and @entity4697 @entity1 tend to show sympathetic activation, generalized @entity148 @entity1 show @entity121 without sympathetic activation, and @entity3119 @entity1 show @entity121 along with sympathetic inhibition. Under laboratory stress, both normals and @entity148 @entity1 react with sympathetic arousal. However, in generalized @entity148 and @entity3119 @entity1 the response is weaker than in normals, suggesting the presence of an inhibitory process. Thus, the autonomic flexibility of @entity148 @entity1 is reduced.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: The peripheral sympathetic nervous system. Its role in normal and pathologic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'people', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity6542 :: ('MESH:C562465', 'Disease') :: ['simple phobia']

entities_list: @entity4697 :: ('MESH:D016584', 'Disease') :: ['panic attacks', 'panic disorder']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['anxiety disorder', 'anxiety', 'anxiety disorders']

entities_list: @entity3119 :: ('MESH:D009771', 'Disease') :: ['obsessive-compulsive']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['increased muscular tension']

answer: @entity148 :: (MESH:D001008,Disease) :: ['anxiety']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Induced @entity842 synthase ( @entity1506 ) is induced in hepatocytes by shock and inflammatory stimuli. Excessive NO from @entity1506 mediates shock-induced @entity99 and @entity204 , so understanding the regulation of @entity1506 will help elucidate the pathophysiology of @entity326 . In  vitro, cytokines induce @entity1506 expression through activation of signaling pathways including mitogen-activated protein kinases and nuclear factor kB. Cytokines also induce @entity460 ( @entity141 ) mobilization and activate @entity460 -mediated intracellular signaling pathways, typically through activation of calmodulin-dependent kinases (CaMK). @entity460 regulates NO production in macrophages but the role of @entity460 and @entity460 -mediated signaling in hepatocyte @entity1506 expression has not been defined. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Primary @entity35 hepatocytes were isolated, cultured, and induced to produce NO with proinflammatory cytokines. @entity460 mobilization and @entity141 -mediated signaling were altered with ionophore, @entity141 channel blockers, and inhibitors of CaMK. RESULTS: The @entity141 ionophore @entity3365 suppressed cytokine-stimulated NO production, whereas @entity1786 glycol tetraacetic acid and @entity594 increased NO production, @entity1506 messenger RNA, and @entity1506 protein expression. Inhibition of CaMK with @entity14374 and CBD increased NO production but the calcineurin inhibitor @entity1140 decreased @entity1506 expression. CONCLUSIONS: These data demonstrate that @entity460 -mediated signaling regulates hepatocyte @entity1506 expression and does so through a mechanism independent of calcineurin. Changes in intracellular @entity460 levels may regulate @entity1506 expression during hepatic @entity32 induced by proinflammatory cytokines.

title: @entity460 -mediated signaling and calmodulin-dependent kinase regulate hepatocyte-inducible XXXX synthase expression.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity326 :: ('MESH:D012772', 'Disease') :: ['septic shock']

entities_list: @entity594 :: ('MESH:D009543', 'Chemical') :: ['nifedipine']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium', 'Calcium']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic injury']

entities_list: @entity1786 :: ('MESH:C036216', 'Chemical') :: ['Ethylene']

answer: @entity842 :: (MESH:D009569,Chemical) :: ['nitric oxide']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the anti- @entity5 immune response to percutaneous cryoablation in @entity1 with @entity263 . METHODS: We treated 10 @entity1 with @entity263 by percutaneous cryoablation, collected the blood samples before and 2 weeks after the treatment and isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Protein lysates were made by biopsy from @entity263 or non- @entity5 tissues. The levels of serum @entity310 , @entity379 , @entity3646 and @entity688 were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the @entity1198 /Th2 ratio was calculated by the @entity379 / @entity3646 ratio. The number of @entity379 + T cells under the stimulation of different protein lysates was counted by enzyme link immunol spot (ELISPOT). And the cytolytic activity of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) was detected by LDH assay. RESULTS: Compared with pre-treatment, the levels of @entity310 and @entity379 , the @entity1198 / Th2 ratio and the number of @entity379 + T cells induced by @entity5 protein lysates in PBMCs were increased significantly after cryosurgery (P < 0.01), while the levels of @entity3646 and @entity688 decreased slightly, and the non- @entity5 protein lysates induced no obvious changes in the number of @entity379 T cells. The cytolytic activity of cytotoxic T lymphocytes against @entity1 @entity263 cells LNCaP was markedly increased, but not that against @entity703 cells GRC-1. One case of recurrence was found during the 3-6 months follow-up. CONCLUSION: Percutaneous cryoablation for @entity263 could induce a @entity5 -specific immune response.

title: [Cryoablation for XXXX induces @entity5 -specific immune response].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['local prostate cancer', 'autologous prostate cancer', 'prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity703 :: ('MESH:D007680', 'Disease') :: ['renal cancer']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate cancer']