abstract: The mechanisms regulating V gene usage leading to the immunoglobulin (Ig) repertoire have been of interest for many years but are only partially defined. To gain insight into these processes, we have assembled the @entity377 sequence of the @entity19 Igkappa locus using data recently made available from genome-wide sequencing efforts. We found the locus to be 3.21 Mb in length and mapped all known functional, pseudo- and relic V gene segments onto the sequence, along with known regulatory elements. We corrected errors in former gene assignments, positions and orientations and identified a novel Vkappa4 gene segment. This assembly allowed the establishment of a unified nomenclature for the V genes based on their relative positions similar to the nomenclature system adopted for the @entity1 Ig loci. The 5' boundary of the locus is defined by the presence of the @entity5 -associated @entity460 -signal transducer-2 gene located 19 kb upstream of Vkappa24-140, the most distal V gene. No non- Vkappa genes were found in the sequence of the locus. Detailed analysis of the sequences 0.5 kb upstream, within, and 0.5 kb downstream of each potentially functional V gene revealed interesting patterns of statistically significant clustering of transcription factor consensus binding sites, generally specific to a particular family. We found E boxes were clustered not only in promoter regions, but also nearby recombination signal sequences. Family members of Vkappa4/5 genes exhibit a conserved pattern of octamer sites in their downstream regions, as well as @entity23330 sites in their introns, and @entity23331 sites in their upstream regions. We discuss potential functional implications of these findings in the context of possible combinatorial mechanisms for targeting V genes for rearrangement. The assembled sequence and its analyses are available as a resource to the scientific community.

title: Assembly and analysis of the XXXX immunoglobulin kappa gene sequence.

entities_list: @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['Mus musculus']

entities_list: @entity377 :: ('CHEBI:36976', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotide']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity74 and @entity249 are associated with the risk of @entity532 and have a negative impact on pregnancy outcome. Affected @entity1 often require assisted reproductive technologies (ART) to conceive, and advanced maternal age is a further confounding factor. The challenge is to dissect causation, correlation and confounders in determining how @entity249 individually or together predispose @entity1 to poor pregnancy outcomes. METHODS: The published literature, to June 2015, was searched using PubMed, summarizing all evidences concerning the perinatal outcome of @entity1 with @entity249 and the potential mechanisms that may influence poor pregnancy outcome. RESULTS: @entity74 ( @entity46 , @entity1870 , @entity3610 and uterine fibroids) and unexplained @entity249 share inflammatory pathways, hormonal aberrations, decidual senescence and @entity455 that may impair pregnancy success through common mechanisms. Either in combination or alone, these disorders results in an increased risk of @entity600 , fetal growth restriction, placental pathologies and @entity101 . Systemic hormonal aberrations, and inflammatory and metabolic factors acting on endometrium, myometrium, cervix and placenta are all associated with an aberrant milieu during implantation and pregnancy, thus contributing to the genesis of @entity532 . Some of these features have been also described in placentas from ART. CONCLUSIONS: @entity74 are common in @entity1 of childbearing age and rarely occur in isolation. Inflammatory, endocrine and metabolic mechanisms associated with these disorders are responsible for an increased incidence of @entity532 . These @entity1 should be recognized as 'high risk' for poor pregnancy outcomes and monitored with specialized follow-up. There is a real need for development of evidence-based recommendations about clinical management and specific obstetric care pathways for the introduction of prompt preventative care measures.

title: XXXX : impact of hormonal and inflammatory mechanisms on pregnancy outcome.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity249 :: ('MESH:D007246', 'Disease') :: ['infertility', 'infertility and reproductive disorders']

entities_list: @entity3610 :: ('MESH:D011085', 'Disease') :: ['polycystic ovary syndrome']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive disorders']

entities_list: @entity1870 :: ('MESH:D062788', 'Disease') :: ['adenomyosis']

entities_list: @entity532 :: ('MESH:D003925', 'Disease') :: ['obstetric complications']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['preterm birth']

entities_list: @entity46 :: ('MESH:D004715', 'Disease') :: ['endometriosis']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['Reproductive disorders']

answer: @entity249 :: (MESH:D007246,Disease) :: ['Infertility and reproductive disorders']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The current study focused on the extent genetic diversity within a species ( @entity19 ) affects gene co-expression network structure. To examine this issue, we have created a new @entity19 resource, a heterogeneous stock (HS) formed from the same eight inbred strains that have been used to create the collaborative cross (CC). The eight inbred strains capture > 90% of the genetic diversity available within the species. For contrast with the HS-CC, a C57BL/6J (B6)   DBA/2J (D2) F2 intercross and the @entity21833 , derived from crossing the B6, D2, BALB/cJ and LP/J strains, were used. Brain (striatum) gene expression data were obtained using the Illumina @entity19 WG 6.1 array, and the data sets were interrogated using a weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). RESULTS: Genes reliably detected as expressed were similar in all three data sets as was the variability of expression. As measured by the WGCNA, the modular structure of the transcriptome networks was also preserved both on the basis of module assignment and from the perspective of the topological overlap maps. Details of the HS-CC gene modules are provided; essentially identical results were obtained for the @entity21833 and F2 modules. Gene ontology annotation of the modules revealed a significant overrepresentation in some modules for neuronal processes, e.g., central nervous system development. Integration with known protein-protein interactions data indicated significant enrichment among co-expressed genes. We also noted significant overlap with markers of central nervous system cell types (neurons, oligodendrocytes and astrocytes). Using the Allen Brain Atlas, we found evidence of spatial co-localization within the striatum for several modules. Finally, for some modules it was possible to detect an enrichment of transcription binding sites. The binding site for @entity11490 , which is associated with @entity179 , was the most significantly overrepresented. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the marked differences in genetic diversity, the transcriptome structure was remarkably similar for the F2, @entity21833 and HS-CC. These data suggest that it should be possible to integrate network data from simple and complex crosses. A careful examination of the HS-CC transcriptome revealed the expected structure for striatal gene expression. Importantly, we demonstrate the integration of anatomical and network expression data.

title: Genetic diversity and striatal gene networks: focus on the heterogeneous stock-collaborative cross (HS-CC) XXXX .

entities_list: @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['Mouse', 'mouse', 'Mus musculus']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['neurodegeneration']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The goals of the study is to evaluate the feasability of the total cystectomy for @entity5 infiltrating locally advanced of bladder and to evaluate perioperatitive morbidity and short-term results. @entity1 AND METHODS: We made a retrospective study concerning 12  first @entity1 having profited from a total cystectomy for @entity5 infiltrating of the bladder in our hospital over one period of 1  year. The parameters of study were: the age at the time of the diagnosis, circumstances of the diagnosis, antecedents of the @entity1 , the histological type and stage TNM before and after intervention, the type of derivation associated, duration of the intervention, the anesthesia, complications and morbidity per- and postoperational. We carried out calculations of average and frequency for the data analysis. RESULTS: The mean age was 51  years (extreme: 32; 83). They were nine @entity1 and three @entity1 . The circumstances of diagnosis were dominated by the total @entity811 and in less frequency by the @entity146 . The antecedents of the @entity1 were dominated by the schistosomia (five cases) and the @entity286 addiction (two cases). The histological type obtained in preoperative after biopsy or trans urethral resection of bladder found, seven cases of @entity957 , four cases of @entity1606 and one case of @entity420 . Into preoperative, three @entity1 were at the stage pT2, eight @entity1 @entity1803 , one pT4. Four @entity1 had a replacement of bladder: three by a bladder in Z and a @entity1 had Camey  II. They were the three @entity1 pT2  preoperative and a @entity1 @entity1803 . Two @entity1 had a standard @entity164 : the @entity1 pT4  and a @entity1 @entity1803 . The six other @entity1 had Bricker. All the @entity1 profited from a blood transfusion peroperational (two units on average). We did not record any operational mortality. The complications and morbidity are represented by the suppurations of wall (three cases), the @entity292 (one case), the infections urinary and the @entity417 which was constant. CONCLUSION: The management of @entity150 poses a real problem in our countries because of the diagnosis at advanced stage.

title: [Total cystectomies for XXXX locally advanced of bladder about 12 cases in the service of urology of the general hospital of Grand-Yoff].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS', 'men']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['bladder irritative symptoms']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1606 :: ('MESH:D002295', 'Disease') :: ['transitional cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity292 :: ('MESH:D005402', 'Disease') :: ['vesicocutaneous fistula']

entities_list: @entity164 :: ('MESH:D017827', 'Disease') :: ['ureterosigmoidostomy type coffey']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder cancer']

entities_list: @entity811 :: ('MESH:D006417', 'Disease') :: ['hematuria']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancers']


abstract: PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to determine the effect on resection rate and survival of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for primarily unresectable locally advanced @entity3123 . METHODS: A systematic review of recently published literature was performed. Resection rates and survival data were derived from reports published from 2000 onwards. Only recent studies, based on radiotherapy with standard dose and fractionation, have been analyzed. RESULTS: Thirteen studies with a total of 510 @entity1 met selection criteria. A resection rate of 8.3-64.2% was reported (median, 26.5%). Of the operated @entity1 , 57.1-100% (median, 87.5%) had R0 @entity5 resection. Most papers reported occasional pathological complete responses (CR, 3.0-8.8%). When outcome in all @entity1 was considered, median survival ranged from 9 to 23 (median, 13.3) months, comparing favorably with literature data based on concurrent chemoradiation alone (range, 8.6-13 months). Surprisingly, in @entity1 with unresectable @entity5 at presentation, median survival after surgery ranged from 16.4 to 32.3 (median, 23.6) months. CONCLUSIONS: The finding of a high proportion of R0 resection among all resections performed confirms the activity of neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy and should not be neglected. Based on these data, @entity1 with unresectable @entity788 without disease progression after chemoradiotherapy should be considered for radical surgery.

title: A systematic review of resectability and survival after concurrent chemoradiation in primarily unresectable XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3123 :: ('MESH:C562463', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatic cancer']


abstract: For treatment of chronic @entity8630 , standard antiarrhythmic therapy has been shown to be ineffective in most @entity1 . Both the intravenous efficacy and the oral efficacy of 2 class IC antiarrhythmic drugs, @entity11808 and @entity6237 , were studied in 16 @entity1 with @entity8630 and in 3 @entity1 with junctional @entity591 , using exercise testing, 24-hour long-term electrocardiography and programmed electrical stimulation. All @entity1 had been previously treated unsuccessfully with several antiarrhythmic drugs. In 5 @entity1 , @entity591 was persistent; in the remaining @entity1 , it occurred intermittently for more than 12 hours/day. Intravenous @entity11808 , in doses ranging from 0.3 to 2.0 mg/kg body weight, was given to 5 @entity1 with @entity8630 , and it terminated @entity8630 in all @entity1 . Intravenous @entity6237 was given to 9 @entity1 , and it terminated @entity591 in 4 and slowed the @entity591 rate in 2. It terminated junctional @entity591 in 2 @entity1 and slowed @entity591 rate in 1. During a follow-up period of 10 +/- 5 months, oral @entity11808 , in dosages between 150 and 225 mg/day, completely suppressed @entity8630 in 4 @entity1 . In the remaining @entity1 , @entity11808 reduced the number of @entity591 episodes markedly but had to be withdrawn because of intolerable side effects. During a 12 +/- 11-month (median 6) follow-up, oral @entity6237 at dosages between 200 and 300 mg/day, completely suppressed ectopic activity in 7 @entity1 and improved symptoms in 5. Only 1 @entity1 failed to respond to oral @entity6237 . The results of this study indicate that both @entity11808 and @entity6237 are effective in the treatment of chronic ectopic atrial and junctional @entity591 .

title: XXXX versus @entity6237 for chronic @entity8630 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity8630 :: ('MESH:D013612', 'Disease') :: ['atrial and junctional ectopic tachycardia', 'atrial ectopic tachycardia', 'atrial ectopic activity']

entities_list: @entity11808 :: ('MESH:D016700', 'Chemical') :: ['encainide']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardia', 'ectopic tachycardia', 'atrial tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity6237 :: ('MESH:D005424', 'Chemical') :: ['flecainide']

answer: @entity11808 :: (MESH:D016700,Chemical) :: ['Encainide']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Combined effects of socioeconomic position and well-established risk factors on @entity64 incidence have not been formally investigated. METHODS: In a pooled cohort study of 68 643 @entity1 and @entity1 aged 30 to 70 years in Denmark, we examined the combined effect and interaction between socioeconomic position (ie, education), smoking, and @entity101 on @entity63 and @entity64 incidence by the use of the additive hazards model. RESULTS: During 14 years of follow-up, 3613 @entity385 and 776 @entity64 were observed. Current smoking and @entity101 were more prevalent among those with low education. Low versus high education was associated with greater @entity63 , but not hemorrhagic, @entity64 incidence. The combined effect of low education and current smoking was more than expected by the sum of their separate effects on @entity385 incidence, particularly among @entity1 : 134 (95% confidence interval, 49-219) extra cases per 100 000 @entity1 -years because of interaction, adjusted for age, cohort study, and birth cohort. There was no clear evidence of interaction between low education and @entity101 . The combined effect of current smoking and @entity101 was more than expected by the sum of their separate effects on @entity63 and @entity64 incidence. This effect was most pronounced for @entity385 among @entity1 : 178 (95% confidence interval, 103-253) extra cases per 100 000 @entity1 -years because of interaction, adjusted for age, cohort study, and birth cohort. CONCLUSIONS: Reducing smoking in those with low socioeconomic position and in those with @entity101 could potentially reduce social inequality @entity64 incidence.

title: Combined effects of socioeconomic position, smoking, and @entity101 on risk of XXXX and @entity64 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'person', 'men']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'hemorrhagic strokes', 'hemorrhagic stroke']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke', 'ischemic strokes']

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['ischemic']


abstract: A confirmatory and quantitative method using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to determine the presence of eight glucocorticoids ( @entity229 , @entity617 , @entity701 , @entity1667 , @entity619 , @entity5935 , @entity2715 , and @entity7842 ) in the muscles and livers of @entity1707 , @entity291 , and @entity742 and the muscle of @entity1573 is described. After deconjugation in alkali media, samples were extracted with @entity1046 for @entity19864 followed by solid-phase extraction clean-up and reconstitution in the LC mobile phase. The hydrolysis procedure with @entity7159 was used to reduce handling time. A single-step solid-phase extraction method was optimized which is suitable for the clean-up of the compounds of interest in many diverse tissue matrices. LC separations were performed on a C(18) column with gradient elution using @entity1626 and water (containing 0.2% @entity5189 ) and the two epimers @entity5935 and @entity619 were successfully separated. LC-electrospray ionization (ESI)-MS/MS in negative mode with selected reaction monitoring (SRM) mode was performed to improve method sensitivity and reduce matrix interference. Two SRM transitions were used for each compound. The recovery of glucocorticoids spiked at levels of 0.5-16 microg kg(-1) ranged from 55% to 107%; the between-day relative standard deviations were no more than 15%. The limits of quantification were 0.5-2.0 microg kg(-1) in muscle and 1-4 microg kg(-1) in liver. The optimized procedure was successfully applied to monitor the food at the 2008 Summer Olympics Games in Beijing, China, demonstrating the method to be simple, fast, robust, and suitable for identification and quantification of glucocorticoids residues in foods of animal origin.

title: Development of a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for the quantification of glucocorticoid residues in edible tissues of @entity1707 , @entity291 , @entity742 , and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1667 :: ('MESH:D008775', 'Chemical') :: ['methylprednisolone']

entities_list: @entity2715 :: ('MESH:D001507', 'Chemical') :: ['beclomethasone']

entities_list: @entity1046 :: ('MESH:C007650', 'Chemical') :: ['ethyl acetate']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity5935 :: ('MESH:D001623', 'Chemical') :: ['betamethasone']

entities_list: @entity1626 :: ('MESH:C032159', 'Chemical') :: ['acetonitrile']

entities_list: @entity19864 :: ('MESH:D005938', 'Chemical') :: ['glucocorticoids']

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['dexamethasone']

entities_list: @entity5189 :: ('MESH:C030544', 'Chemical') :: ['formic acid']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrocortisone']

entities_list: @entity7842 :: ('MESH:D005438', 'Chemical') :: ['fludrocortisone']

entities_list: @entity7159 :: ('MESH:D012972', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium hydroxide']

entities_list: @entity617 :: ('MESH:D011239', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisolone']

answer: @entity1573 :: (9031,Species) :: ['chicken']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Although mild @entity131 (mTBI) comprises 80% of all @entity131 , the morphological examination of the @entity550 ( @entity550 ) in relation to clinical symptoms such as @entity146 , @entity148 and @entity308 in a strictly mTBI sample has never before been performed. OBJECTIVES: The primary objective of the study was to determine if mTBI @entity1 would show morphological differences in the @entity550 and if the morphology of this region would relate to clinical symptoms. METHODS: Using structural images acquired in a 3T MRI machine, the cortical thickness and cortical volume (corrected for total brain volume) of the @entity550 was collected for healthy control (N  =  27) subjects and chronic mTBI (N  =  55) @entity1 at least one year post injury. Also, during clinical interviews, measures quantifying the severity of clinical symptoms, including @entity146 , @entity148 , and @entity308 , were collected. RESULTS: MTBI subjects displayed @entity146 , @entity148 , and @entity308 , and @entity148 and @entity308 measures showed a relationship with the number of mTBI in which the subject lost consciousness. The cortical thickness of the right lateral @entity550 displayed evidence of thinning in the mTBI group; however, after correction for multiple comparisons, this difference was no longer significant. Clinical measures were not significantly related with @entity550 morphometry. CONCLUSION: This study found @entity146 , @entity148 , and @entity308 , in the mTBI group as well as evidence of cortical thinning in the right lateral @entity550 . The association between clinical symptoms and the number of mTBI with @entity909 suggests the number and severity of mTBI may influence clinical symptoms long after injury. Future studies examining other brain regions involved in the production and regulation of affective processes and inclusion of subjects with well-characterized @entity1316 could further elucidate the relationship between mTBI, brain morphology, and clinical symptoms.

title: Orbitofrontal cortical thinning and @entity146 in mild XXXX @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['TBI', 'traumatic brain injury']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity550 :: ('MESH:D000303', 'Disease') :: ['OFC', 'orbitofrontal cortex']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['increased aggression', 'aggression']

entities_list: @entity909 :: ('MESH:D014474', 'Disease') :: ['loss of consciousness']

entities_list: @entity1316 :: ('MESH:D019964', 'Disease') :: ['mood disorders']

answer: @entity131 :: (MESH:D001930,Disease) :: ['traumatic brain injury']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity729 ( @entity729 ) is a major contributor to increased @entity65 in @entity740 ( @entity740 ) and an independent predictor of mortality. @entity729 is inversely correlated with @entity79 ( @entity79 ). Screening for @entity729 may be useful to determine those at greater CV risk and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) may have a dual role in providing @entity729 measurement as well as @entity79 . METHODS: We report cross-sectional data on 44 @entity1 with @entity740 stages 3-4 and aim to determine and validate measurement of @entity729 using DXA. @entity1 had computed tomography (CT) of abdominal aorta and DXA of lateral lumbar spine, to determine both aortic @entity729 and @entity79 . Semi-quantitative measurement of @entity729 from DXA was determined (blinded) using previously validated 8- and 24-point scales, and compared with @entity729 from CT. @entity79 determination from L2 to L4 vertebrae on CT was compared with DXA-reported @entity79 . RESULTS: @entity1 66% male, 57% @entity6 , had mean age 63.4 years and mean estimated glomerular filtration rate 31.4 +/- 12 mL/min. Aortic @entity729 was present in 95% on CT, mean 564.9 +/- 304 Hounsfield units (HU). Aortic @entity729 was seen in 68% on lateral DXA, mean scores 5.1 +/- 5.9 and 1.9 +/- 1.9 using 24- and 8-point scales, respectively. Strong correlation of @entity729 measurement was present between CT and DXA (r 0.52, P < 0.001). For DXA @entity729 24-point score, intraclass correlations for intra-rater and inter-rater agreement were 0.91 and 0.64, respectively (8-point scale, intraclass correlations 0.90 and 0.69). @entity79 measured by CT (mean 469.3 HU @entity2586 ) also significantly correlated with lateral DXA-reported @entity79 (mean spine T-score -0.67 +/- 1.6) (r 0.56, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Despite limitations in @entity740 , DXA may be useful as lateral DXA images provide concurrent assessment of @entity730 as well as lumbar spine @entity79 , both correlating significantly with CT measurements. Lateral DXA may provide @entity729 screening to determine @entity1 at greater CV risk although more studies are needed to evaluate their potential role.

title: Using vertebral bone densitometry to determine XXXX in @entity1 with @entity740 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['CKD', 'chronic kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['aortic calcification']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone mineral density', 'BMD', 'Vertebral BMD']

entities_list: @entity729 :: ('MESH:D061205', 'Disease') :: ['Vascular calcification', 'VC']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular (CV) disease']

answer: @entity730 :: (MESH:D002114,Disease) :: ['aortic calcification']


abstract: This article describes 11 cases of @entity3293 ( @entity3293 ), with 10 arising in soft tissues and one developing in bone. Most of the @entity5 (six) were located in the lower extremities. Two lesions developed in the fingers, a previously unreported location for @entity3293 . Four cases showed secondary @entity79 , which is a rare feature of this @entity5 . @entity4483 protein was expressed by @entity5 cells in all the specimens. Four out of eight @entity5 studied by electron microscopy contained intracisternal microtubular structures. Two @entity5 showed areas of spindle cell proliferation that merged with the areas of typical myxoid pattern. The cells in these areas had fibroblastic/myofibroblastic features by electron microscopy and were found to express cytokeratin by immunohistochemistry. The concomitant expression of cytokeratin and @entity4483 protein in the spindle cells suggests that they represent a less differentiated @entity2483 with unusual features. The clinical significance of the presence of such spindle cell areas presently remains unknown. Although @entity3293 is a slow-growing @entity5 , it has a high potential for @entity3 . Four of 11 @entity1 in this series developed @entity3 .

title: XXXX of soft tissue and bone: a retrospective study of 11 cases.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity3293 :: ('MESH:C563195', 'Disease') :: ['MCS', 'myxoid chondrosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone destruction']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity2483 :: ('MESH:C566443', 'Disease') :: ['cartilaginous component']

answer: @entity3293 :: (MESH:C563195,Disease) :: ['Myxoid chondrosarcoma']


abstract: Waldenstr  m's @entity8057 is a @entity1071 with @entity1581 . Small lymphocytes, plasmacytoid lymphocytes and plasma cells proliferate in lymph node, bone marrow and spleen. Ig (H) gene rearrangement is observed in one half of the @entity1 . @entity751 caused by increase of IgM occasionally occurs. Cryoglobulin, consisting of monoclonal IgM is detected in 15% of the @entity1 . Cold agglutinin disease develops in 10% of @entity1 . Plasmapheresis is effective against @entity548 , sausage-shaped retinal veins and other manifestations of @entity751 . @entity786 , @entity3601 and @entity617 are used for untreated @entity1 . Advanced or refractory cases are treated with the combination of @entity1891 , @entity632 , @entity10848 and @entity617 . An age greater than 60 years and hemoglobin less than 10 g/dl coincide with lower response rate to chemotherapy and shorter survival.

title: [Waldenstr  m's XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity1071 :: ('MESH:D008232', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoproliferative disorder']

entities_list: @entity1581 :: ('MESH:D010265', 'Disease') :: ['IgM monoclonal gammopathy']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['Cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity3601 :: ('MESH:D008558', 'Chemical') :: ['melphalan']

entities_list: @entity10848 :: ('MESH:C020766', 'Chemical') :: ['ranimustine']

entities_list: @entity751 :: ('MESH:D013577', 'Disease') :: ['Hyperviscosity syndrome', 'hyperviscosity syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1891 :: ('MESH:D014750', 'Chemical') :: ['vincristine']

entities_list: @entity8057 :: ('MESH:D008258', 'Disease') :: ['macroglobulinemia']

entities_list: @entity617 :: ('MESH:D011239', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisolone']

answer: @entity8057 :: (MESH:D008258,Disease) :: ['macroglobulinemia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1162 ( @entity1162 ) opsin genes have undergone multiple lineage-specific duplication events throughout the evolution of teleost fishes. @entity1162 repertoire expansions in live-bearing fishes (family Poeciliidae) have equipped multiple species in this family with up to four @entity1162 genes. Given that color vision, especially attraction to orange male coloration, is important to mate choice within poeciliids, @entity1162 opsins have been proposed as candidate genes driving sexual selection in this family. To date the genomic organization of these genes has not been described in the family Poeciliidae, and little is known about the mechanisms regulating the expression of @entity1162 opsins in any teleost. RESULTS: Two BAC clones containing the complete genomic repertoire of @entity1162 opsin genes in the @entity23879 fish, @entity23879 , were identified and sequenced. Three of the four @entity1162 loci identified here were linked in a tandem array downstream of two tightly linked short wave-sensitive 2 (SWS2) opsin genes. The fourth @entity1162 opsin gene, containing only a single intron, was not linked to the other three and is the product of a retrotransposition event. Genomic and phylogenetic results demonstrate that the @entity1162 genes described here share a common evolutionary origin with those previously characterized in other poeciliids. Using qualitative RT-PCR and MSP we showed that each of the @entity1162 and SWS2 opsins, as well as three other cone opsin genes and a single rod opsin gene, were expressed in the eyes of adult female and male @entity23879 , contributing to six separate classes of adult retinal cone and rod cells with average lambdamax values of 365 nm, 405 nm, 459 nm, 499 nm, 534 nm and 568 nm. Comparative genomic analysis identified two candidate teleost opsin regulatory regions containing putative CRX binding sites and hormone response elements in upstream sequences of @entity1162 gene regions of seven teleost species, including @entity23879 . CONCLUSIONS: We report the first complete genomic description of @entity1162 and SWS2 genes in poeciliids. These data will serve as a reference for future work seeking to understand the relationship between @entity1162 opsin genomic organization, gene expression, gene family evolution, sexual selection and speciation in this fish family.

title: Genomic organization of duplicated short wave-sensitive and long wave-sensitive opsin genes in the XXXX , @entity23879 .

entities_list: @entity1162 :: ('MESH:D008133', 'Disease') :: ['LWS', 'Long wave-sensitive']

entities_list: @entity23879 :: ('8084', 'Species') :: ['green swordtail', 'X. helleri', 'Xiphophorus helleri']

answer: @entity23879 :: (8084,Species) :: ['green swordtail']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Intermittent @entity342 deprivation therapy (IADT) was developed to improve the quality of life and @entity263 progression to castration resistance. IADT involves regrowth of the @entity5 during the off cycle upon @entity251 recovery. Our previous studies showed that @entity251 is more potent than @entity586 ( @entity587 ) in the induction of a subset of @entity342 -responsive genes during @entity35 prostate regrowth. However, it is not clear if the same phenomenon would occur during @entity342 -induced regrowth of @entity263 . Understanding the differences between @entity251 and @entity587 in inducing @entity342 -responsive genes during @entity263 regrowth may provide new insight for improving IADT. METHODS: @entity19 bearing @entity342 -sensitive LNCaP xenograft were castrated and followed up for 7-10 days before being randomized into various @entity342 manipulations, consisting of continuous castration (C) or @entity251 replacement (T) in the absence or presence of @entity16503 (D), a 5alpha-reductase inhibitor that blocks the conversion of @entity251 to @entity587 . Testes-intact animals in the absence or presence of D were used as controls. The expression of five @entity342 -responsive genes, including the @entity5 suppressor @entity23969 / @entity23969 , was determined using real-time RT-PCR, 3 days after randomization. RESULTS: In @entity5 , the expression of @entity23969 / @entity23969 was higher in the T+D group as compared with T alone (2.87-fold, P < 0.05). In contrast, @entity16503 treatment in testes-intact animals inhibited the expression of @entity23969 / @entity23969 . CONCLUSIONS: Inhibition of 5alpha-reductase during LNCaP @entity5 regrowth enhanced the expression of @entity23969 / @entity23969 , an @entity342 -regulated @entity5 suppressor. This finding suggests that off cycle 5alpha-reductase inhibition may enhance the efficacy of IADT.

title: Inhibition of 5alpha-reductase enhances @entity251 -induced expression of @entity23969 / XXXX @entity5 suppressor during the regrowth of LNCaP xenograft @entity5 in @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity16503 :: ('MESH:C108373', 'Chemical') :: ['dutasteride']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate tumor', 'retard prostate cancer', 'prostate tumors']

entities_list: @entity586 :: ('MESH:D013196', 'Chemical') :: ['dihydrotestosterone']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'LNCaP tumors']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen']

answer: @entity23969 :: (106389(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['Eaf2']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To assess the feasibility of cognitive screening in older veterans presenting for routine primary care. DESIGN: Quality improvement initiative. SETTING: Seven Veterans Affairs Medical Centers. @entity1 : Veterans aged 70 and older without a prior diagnosis of @entity73 . MEASUREMENTS: Scores from 16 different versions of the Mini-Cog, a 5-point cognitive screen consisting of three-word recall (0-3 points) with a clock-drawing interference task (0 or 2 points). Five word lists were paired with three clock times and randomly ordered for presentation with the original Mini-Cog version. The conventional @entity303 screening cut point was increased to maximize sensitivity; to pass, @entity1 had to draw the clock correctly and recall at least two of three words (score 4 or 5/5). RESULTS: Administering the Mini-Cog took 90 to 180 seconds. Of 8,342 veterans approached, 8,063 (96.7%) agreed to be screened; 2,081 (25.8%) scored less than 4 out of 5. Scores declined with age, but age did not predict pass or fail. Different word lists produced different screen failure rates, ranging from 21.2% to 33.4%. Five @entity303 specialists were unable to distinguish harder from easier lists. Different clock times accounted for 2% or less of the difference in failure rates. CONCLUSION: The Mini-Cog was quick and well accepted by older veterans. Many with no prior documentation of @entity73 failed the screen. Failure rates varied with the word list used, revealing that even apparently minor changes in test items affect screen results. Additional study is needed to establish the value of cognitive screening in shaping primary care of older veterans.

title: Screening for XXXX in an elderly veteran population: acceptability and results using different versions of the Mini-Cog.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PARTICIPANTS', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

answer: @entity73 :: (MESH:D003072,Disease) :: ['cognitive impairment']


abstract: Ninety-nine primary transitional cell @entity150 of categories T1 or T2 were treated by transurethral resection. 25% of these @entity1 experienced a true recurrence indicating that surgery failed to control the @entity5 locally. These @entity1 had a 5-year survival of 20%. We suspect that many of them did not have @entity66 when treated. Twenty-five % of the total @entity1 population did not within five years get a new @entity5 . They were cured by the first transurethral resection. 30% of the @entity1 experienced new @entity5 growth that could be managed by repeated resections. These two groups of @entity1 did extremely well, since the 5-year survival was equivalent to the 5-year survival of an age and sex matched control population. Thus, more than 50% of the @entity1 benefitted from transurethral surgery. Less than 20% experienced a new invasive @entity5 growth. They are @entity1 at risk of getting a progressive @entity150 . 5-year survival of these @entity1 was about 50%. We conclude that transitional cell @entity150 of category T1 and some of category T2 are well treated by transurethral resection.

title: Transurethral surgery in the treatment of XXXX (T1 and T2).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder tumours', 'bladder cancer disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['non-invasive tumour', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['local disease']

answer: @entity150 :: (MESH:D001749,Disease) :: ['invasive bladder cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: It is well known that precision can be achieved using radiosurgery for @entity1313 . This method can be extended to treat localized @entity2 and lung @entity3 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: The conventional procedure of extracranial radiosurgery is contained in the following steps: adaptation of the vacuum mattress, planning CT, three-dimensional (3-D) treatment planning, CT repositioning, and irradiation. In the new procedure of continuous extracranial radiosurgery, a short treatment planning is often used for simple target shapes (spherical, rotation-symmetrical), and the irradiation follows directly after the planning procedure. During continuous extracranial radiosurgery, the @entity1 has to lie still in the body frame from the planning CT to irradiation. Fast treatment planning is performed by using multileafs and EXOMIO (Medintec, Bochum, Germany), a software for CT simulation. The high quality of the digitally reconstructed radiographs (DRRs) of each field enables a high precision in dose application by the comparison with the verification radiograph and the DRR (Elekta iView, Hamburg, Germany). RESULTS: In five @entity2 @entity1 the average time for the complete procedure from planning CT to irradiation was 107 min (range: 91-124 min). The mean positioning accuracy of the @entity1 in the vacuum bed (total shift) was 3.3 mm (range: 2.9-4.7 mm). CONCLUSION: Continuous extracranial radiosurgery can be performed for @entity1263 or @entity3 and is optimizing the conventional procedure. It is of special interest to clinics with restricted CT capacity.

title: Methodology of continuous extracranial radiosurgery for XXXX using EXOMIO 3-D CT simulation.

entities_list: @entity1263 :: ('MESH:D010524', 'Disease') :: ['small peripheral lung tumors']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['brain tumors']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung tumors', 'lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['lung cancer']


abstract: AIMS: To identify the etiology, incidence and prevalence of @entity23081 , and to assess the in vitro susceptibility of these ocular bacterial isolates to commonly used antibiotics. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective analysis of consecutive samples submitted for microbiological evaluation from @entity1 who were clinically diagnosed with @entity5517 and were treated at a tertiary eye care referral center in South India between January 2002 and December 2007. RESULTS: A total of 4417 ocular samples was submitted for microbiological evaluation, of which 2599 (58.8%) had bacterial growth, 456 (10.3%) had fungal growth, 15 (0.34%) had acanthamoebic growth, 14 (0.32%) had mixed microbial growth and the remaining 1333 (30.2%) had negative growth. The rate of culture-positivity was found to be 88% (P < 0.001) in eyelids' @entity281 , 70% in conjunctival, 69% in lacrimal apparatus, 67.4% in corneal, 51.6% in intraocular tissues, 42.9% in orbital and 39.2% in @entity281 . The most common bacterial species isolated were @entity794 (26.69%) followed by @entity328 (22.14%). Sta. aureus was more prevalent more in @entity281 (51.22%; P = 0.001) coagulase-negative staphylococci in @entity3225 (53.1%; P = 0.001), Str. pneumoniae in lacrimal apparatus and @entity281 (64.19%; P = 0.001), Corynebacterium species in @entity14985 and @entity2024 (71%; P = 0.001), @entity796 in keratitis and @entity4578 (66.5%; P = 0.001), @entity6728 species in @entity4578 and @entity2024 (66.7%; P = 0.001), Moraxella lacunata in @entity14985 (54.17%; P = 0.001) and @entity6729 in @entity4578 (63.83%; P = 0.001). The largest number of gram-positive isolates was susceptible to @entity3477 (98.7%) and @entity2176 (97.9%), and gram-negative isolates to @entity4509 (93.5%) and @entity7046 (92.7%). CONCLUSIONS: Gram-positive cocci were the most frequent bacteria isolated from @entity5517 and were sensitive to @entity3477 and @entity2176 , while gram-negative isolates were more sensitive to @entity4509 and @entity7046 .

title: Etiology and antibacterial susceptibility pattern of community-acquired XXXX in a tertiary eye care hospital in south India.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity7046 :: ('MESH:C078049', 'Chemical') :: ['gatifloxacin']

entities_list: @entity5517 :: ('MESH:D015817', 'Disease') :: ['ocular infections']

entities_list: @entity796 :: ('287', 'Species') :: ['Pseudomonas aeruginosa']

entities_list: @entity3477 :: ('MESH:C104727', 'Chemical') :: ['moxifloxacin']

entities_list: @entity2176 :: ('MESH:D014640', 'Chemical') :: ['vancomycin']

entities_list: @entity23081 :: ('MESH:D015818', 'Disease') :: ['ocular bacterial infections']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']

entities_list: @entity14985 :: ('MESH:D001762', 'Disease') :: ['blepharitis']

entities_list: @entity4509 :: ('MESH:D000583', 'Chemical') :: ['amikacin']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['eyelid infections', 'infection', 'corneal infections', 'scleral infections']

entities_list: @entity6728 :: ('MESH:D006192', 'Disease') :: ['Haemophilus']

entities_list: @entity2024 :: ('MESH:D003231', 'Disease') :: ['conjunctivitis']

entities_list: @entity6729 :: ('480', 'Species') :: ['Moraxella catarrhalis']

entities_list: @entity3225 :: ('MESH:D009877', 'Disease') :: ['endophthalmitis']

entities_list: @entity328 :: ('1313', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus pneumoniae']

entities_list: @entity4578 :: ('MESH:D003607', 'Disease') :: ['dacryocystitis']

answer: @entity23081 :: (MESH:D015818,Disease) :: ['bacterial ocular infections']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Intrarectal @entity3303 application and apical @entity616 are a safe technique that significantly reduces @entity158 during transrectal prostate biopsy. AIM: We compare prospectively the effectiveness of intrarectal @entity3303 gel versus periprostatic @entity3303 injection during transrectal ultrasound -guided prostate biopsy. METHODS: From June 2005 to February 2006, 100 consecutive @entity1 underwent prostatic biopsies. @entity1 were randomized to receive 10 cc of 2% @entity3303 gel in endorectally (Group I), 10 cc of 1% @entity3303 solution injected into the prostate apex to induce @entity616 (Group II), or intrarectal 10 cc of ultrasound gel as placebo (Groupe III). @entity158 was evaluated by a 10-point linear visual analogue @entity158 scale (VAS), and a 5-point digital visual scale ( @entity6094 ). The side effects of the drugs and complications were also evaluated. RESULTS: The three groups counted respectively: 33, 33 and 34 @entity1 and were statically comparable as the age, prostate volume, PSA level and the number of biopsies. The mean @entity158 score on the VAS was respectively 4,1;4,6 and 3,5 for the three groups. The @entity6094 score was 2,5; 2,8 and 2,15 (p < 0.001). @entity158 scores were significantly lower in Group 3 and equivalent between Groups 1 and 2. There is no difference in complication rate between the three groups. CONCLUSION: Compared to intrarectal @entity3303 application, apical @entity616 is a safe technique that significantly reduces @entity158 during transrectal prostate biopsy, with no increase in the complication rate.

title: [Local anesthesia in transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy: apical @entity616 versus endorectal XXXX gel. A randomized controlled trial of 100 @entity1 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3303 :: ('MESH:D008012', 'Chemical') :: ['lidocaine']

entities_list: @entity616 :: ('MESH:D006327', 'Disease') :: ['bilateral periprostatic nerve block', 'periprostatic nerve block']

answer: @entity3303 :: (MESH:D008012,Chemical) :: ['lidocaine']


abstract: Saliva is a readily accessible and informative biofluid, making it ideal for the early detection of a wide range of diseases including cardiovascular, renal, and @entity1800 and, importantly, @entity5 . Saliva-based diagnostics, particularly those based on metabolomics technology, are emerging and offer a promising clinical strategy, characterizing the association between salivary analytes and a particular disease. Here, we conducted a comprehensive metabolite analysis of saliva samples obtained from 215 individuals (69 oral, 18 pancreatic and 30 @entity0 @entity1 , 11 @entity2520 @entity1 and 87 healthy controls) using capillary electrophoresis time-of-flight mass spectrometry (CE-TOF-MS). We identified 57 principal metabolites that can be used to accurately predict the probability of being affected by each individual disease. Although small but significant correlations were found between the known @entity1 characteristics and the quantified metabolites, the profiles manifested relatively higher concentrations of most of the metabolites detected in all three @entity5 in comparison with those in @entity1 with @entity2520 and control subjects. This suggests that @entity5 -specific signatures are embedded in saliva metabolites. Multiple logistic regression models yielded high area under the receiver-operating characteristic curves (AUCs) to discriminate healthy controls from each disease. The AUCs were 0.865 for @entity5 , 0.973 for @entity0 , 0.993 for @entity788 , and 0.969 for @entity2520 . The accuracy of the models was also high, with cross-validation AUCs of 0.810, 0.881, 0.994, and 0.954, respectively. Quantitative information for these 57 metabolites and their combinations enable us to predict disease susceptibility. These metabolites are promising biomarkers for medical screening. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s11306-009-0178-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

title: Capillary electrophoresis mass spectrometry-based saliva metabolomics identified oral, breast and XXXX -specific profiles.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'people']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity2520 :: ('MESH:D010510', 'Disease') :: ['periodontal disease', 'periodontal diseases']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'cancer', 'oral cancer']

entities_list: @entity1800 :: ('MESH:D014777', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune diseases, viral and bacterial infections']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatic cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The development of efficient and specific vector systems remains a central issue in gene therapy. Several different adeno-associated virus (AAV) serotypes have so far been characterized so far which show different tissue tropisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The vectors used here contained @entity4700 transgene cassette containing green fluorescent protein (GFP) in @entity21481 , @entity4700 , or @entity21481 capsids, producing the recombinant pseudotypes rAAV2/1, rAAV2/2, and rAAV2/5. The transduction efficiency of the different pseudotyped AAV vectors was tested in vitro in pancreatic and @entity694 cells lines (HT-29, BXPC3, and Hs766T). RESULTS: For all three serotypes, the percentage of GFP-positive cells was below 10% at multiplicities of @entity281 (MOI) 100 rAAV vectors when used alone for @entity281 . However, transduction efficiency for rAAV vectors increased dramatically when the cells were co-infected with wild-type adenovirus (wtAd). The percentage of GFP-positive cells ranged from 19.8-65.3% for @entity4700 /1 and 16.9-70.2% for @entity4700 /5, respectively. It was highest for rAAV2/2, at 40.9-88.4%. Variation between the cell lines was observed, with BXPC3 scoring the highest transduction rates and HT-29 the lowest. CONCLUSION: This study indicates that vectors based on distinct AAV serotypes 1, 2, and 5 all transduce pancreatic and colon cell lines poorly when used alone. @entity325 with wtAd increase transduction rates dramatically indicating that slow second-strand synthesis is a reason for the poor transduction efficiency. Due to the poor transduction rates, none of the rAAV serotypes tested here seem to be feasible for the treatment of @entity5 .

title: Efficacy of recombinant adeno-associated viral vectors serotypes 1, 2, and 5 for the transduction of pancreatic and XXXX cells.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant tumors']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity325 :: ('MESH:D060085', 'Disease') :: ['Co-infection']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon cancer']

answer: @entity694 :: (MESH:D003110,Disease) :: ['colon carcinoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency and profile of @entity8170 and solitary thyroid nodule. STUDY DESIGN: Case series. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY: Surgical Unit-I, Ward-3 of Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi, from January 1999 to January 2009. METHODOLOGY: Cases with solitary thyroid nodules and @entity8170 were included. @entity1 under 12 years of age, cystic benign lesion in solitary thyroid nodules or those @entity8170 which were not causing pressure symptoms, cosmetic problems or sign of @entity5 were excluded. In solitary thyroid nodule, hemithyroidectomy was done and if histopathology examination revealed @entity189 thyroid then completion thyroidectomy was done. In @entity8170 sub-total thyroidectomy done. Results were described as frequency percentages and mean. RESULTS: Out of 397 @entity1 of @entity8170 only one @entity1 was found to be @entity1377 (0.25%). In 220 @entity1 of solitary thyroid nodules, 93 @entity1 were diagnosed as @entity259 (42.27%). Others diagnosed in solitary thyroid nodule were @entity259 , @entity5651 , @entity8170 . The frequency of @entity1377 in 65.95% occuring females of 12-30 years of age and being multifocal in 6.45%, @entity189 in 23.40%, @entity189 in 7.44%, @entity189 in 2.12% and @entity706 in 1.01%. Female were predominantly involved and @entity1377 was common in 12-30 years of age (71.63%) and follicular was common in 30-40 years of age (68.18%). 6.45% of @entity1377 was found to be multifocal in nature. CONCLUSION: Frequency of @entity259 is very high in solitary thyroid nodule (42.27%), but markedly low in @entity1376 . @entity1377 is the most common variety, most of in younger female.

title: XXXX in multi and @entity5651 .

entities_list: @entity8170 :: ('MESH:D006044', 'Disease') :: ['thyroiditis and multi-nodular goiter', 'carcinoma in multi-nodular goiter', 'multi-nodular goiter', 'multi-nodular goiters']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1377 :: ('MESH:D002291', 'Disease') :: ['Papillary carcinoma', 'papillary carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy']

entities_list: @entity1376 :: ('MESH:C564546', 'Disease') :: ['multinodular goiter']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma', 'medullary carcinoma', 'anaplastic carcinoma', 'follicular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5651 :: ('MESH:D006042', 'Disease') :: ['colloid goiter']

entities_list: @entity259 :: ('MESH:D013964', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma of thyroid', 'thyroid adenoma']

answer: @entity259 :: (MESH:D013964,Disease) :: ['Carcinoma thyroid']


abstract: Chagasic @entity1 may have a normal or abnormal response of heart rate to @entity3897 . To determine if this response to @entity3897 is related to the degree of @entity1002 , we studied 33 @entity1 with a positive complement fixation test for @entity1526 . Eleven subjects, with atypical @entity662 and negative complement fixation test, were used as controls (sero-negative). Left ventricular wall motion and the left ventricular volumes were determined by ventricular cineangiography. Coronary arteriography was also performed. The sero-negative subjects had normal left ventricular wall motion and the left ventricular diastolic volume was 88 +/- 24 ml/m2. The response of heart rate to @entity3897 was 50 +/- 8 (mean +/- SD) (range 40-65 beats/min). On the basis of the response to @entity3897 , the chagasic @entity1 were divided into groups with a normal response (greater than 40 beats/min) and those with an abnormal response (less than 40 beats/min). Sixty five per cent of those with a normal response had left ventricular apical @entity439 . The left ventricular end-diastolic volume was not significantly different from the sero-negative subjects (96 +/- 26 ml/m2). Six @entity1 (30%) had a left ventricular diastolic volume between 110 and 140 ml/m2. Sixty two per cent of those chagasic subjects with an abnormal response had diffuse left ventricular hypokinesis, and the left ventricular end-diastolic volume was 192 +/- 49 ml/m2 (P less than 0.01). The response of heart rate and the left ventricular diastolic volume were inversely correlated in the chagasic @entity1 (r = -0.88, P less than 0.01). Our results indicate that @entity296 and the degree of @entity5988 are more severe in chagasic @entity1 with an abnormal response of their heart rate to @entity3897 . Furthermore, the inverse correlation between these two variables is highly indicative of a relationship between the response of heart rate to @entity3897 and the degree of @entity1002 .

title: Response of heart rate to XXXX and left ventricular function in Chagas' heart disease.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['chest pain']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial damage']

entities_list: @entity5988 :: ('MESH:C565277', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular dilatation']

entities_list: @entity1526 :: ('MESH:D014355', 'Disease') :: ["Chagas' disease"]

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms']

entities_list: @entity3897 :: ('MESH:D001285', 'Chemical') :: ['atropine']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular dysfunction']

answer: @entity3897 :: (MESH:D001285,Chemical) :: ['atropine']


abstract: We studied the effects of the new non-ergot D2- @entity935 agonist @entity24518 for the treatment of @entity1 @entity2013 . @entity24518 is a non-ergot drug with additional @entity750 type 1 A agonist and @entity750 reuptake inhibitory activity. Ten @entity1 with @entity4090 -secreting @entity977 received @entity24518 three times daily at a dosage of 7.5-30 mg/day for at least 4 weeks according to a prospective protocol. All @entity1 but one had received oral @entity2847 previously without normalization of @entity4090 levels. Serum @entity4090 profiles were analyzed once a week during the first month of therapy and at 4-week intervals thereafter. Mean baseline serum @entity4090 was suppressed from 23,000 +/- 13,600 mU/l (range 1500-141,000 mU/l; 20 mU/l = 1 microgram/l) by 37 +/- 11% after 1 week, by 49 +/- 9% after 4 weeks, and by 65 +/- 11% (n = 8) after 24 weeks of treatment. Serum @entity4090 was normalized in two @entity1 . A @entity5 volume reduction of 20-25% was obtained in two subjects. Compared with previous treatment with oral @entity2847 the decrease in serum @entity4090 was comparable. In contrast, tolerance of @entity24518 was superior in five of seven @entity1 with major side effects with @entity2847 , including three subjects who had discontinued @entity2847 because of adverse reactions. Four subjects spontaneously reported improvement of psychological and physical performance. One @entity1 had a transient increase of serum transaminases. Thus, for the first time we could show a suppressive effect of @entity24518 on @entity4090 secretion in @entity1 @entity2013 . Due to its good tolerance @entity24518 may provide a useful alternative to @entity2847 .

title: Treatment of @entity2013 @entity1 with the new non-ergot @entity935 agonist XXXX : first results.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2847 :: ('MESH:D001971', 'Chemical') :: ['bromocriptine']

entities_list: @entity2013 :: ('MESH:D015175', 'Disease') :: ['prolactinomas']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity24518 :: ('MESH:C059613', 'Chemical') :: ['roxindol', 'Roxindol']

entities_list: @entity977 :: ('MESH:D010911', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary adenomas']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['5-hydroxytryptamine', 'serotonin']

answer: @entity24518 :: (MESH:C059613,Chemical) :: ['roxindol']


abstract: 30 @entity1 (less than 15 years old) were admitted for esophageal strictures, 16 of them secondary to @entity130 . All the @entity1 were treated with endoscopic dilatation with Savary-Gilliard bougie. The dilations were done with general anesthesia using an Olympus GIF-XP10 endoscope and with fluoroscopic control. In the @entity3332 secondary to caustic ingestion endoscopic injection with @entity5935 was also used. The most frequent site of the @entity850 was the upper third of the esophagus, and the main @entity850 was tubular in the secondary to caustic burns and annular in the other group. In the post-caustic group 385 dilations were performed in 115 sessions. In the other group 159 dilations were done in 51 sessions. Two perforations and one @entity295 were reported in @entity1 with @entity850 . There was no mortality. 43.7% of the @entity1 with @entity850 and 85.7% with @entity850 secondary to other causes obtained complete healing. Esophageal dilation with Savary-Gilliard bougies represents a safe and reliable method for the treatment of esophageal strictures.

title: [Treatment with Savary-Gilliard bougies in @entity3332 in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity3332 :: ('MESH:D004940', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal stenosis']

entities_list: @entity5935 :: ('MESH:D001623', 'Chemical') :: ['Betamethasone']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['type of stenosis', 'corrosive stenosis', 'stenosis']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['corrosive injury']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: The pharmacokinetics of a single oral dose of @entity5633 (20 mg) were determined in 12 @entity1 with @entity82 and 12 normal subjects. The mean AUC of @entity5633 was 55 +/- 38 s.d. ng @entity4654 h in cirrhotics and 3.5 +/- 2.4 s.d. ng @entity4654 h in normals. The time until maximum concentration (tmax) attained was similar in the two groups (0.6 vs 0.7 h), but mean maximum concentration Cmax was higher in @entity1 (18.8 +/- 16.3 s.d. ng @entity4654 ) than in normals (1.2 +/- 0.8 s.d. ng @entity4654 ). Mean elimination half-life of @entity5633 was greater in cirrhotics, but this difference was marginally significant statistically (cirrhotics, 6.1 +/- 3.5 s.d. h, normals 3.2 +/- 1.5 s.d. h, P = 0.05). Eight of 12 @entity1 and seven of 12 normal subjects had a second peak in the plasma concentrations of @entity5633 . In @entity1 this occurred at 10.8 +/- 7.4 s.d. h after the dose, and its mean concentration was 3.1 +/- 6.6 ng @entity4654 . In normal subjects the second peak occurred at 4.3 +/- 2.1 h after the dose and its mean concentration was 0.5 +/- 0.3 ng @entity4654 . On the kinetic evidence @entity5633 should be used with caution in @entity409 .

title: XXXX pharmacokinetics in @entity1 with @entity82 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity5633 :: ('MESH:D002065', 'Chemical') :: ['buspirone']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver disease']

answer: @entity5633 :: (MESH:D002065,Chemical) :: ['Buspirone']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1005 ( @entity1005 ) is characterized by conflicting findings of both increased and decreased amygdala and prefrontal reactivity to threat or @entity130 stimuli. @entity4806 ( @entity4806 ), a potent risk factor for @entity1005 , exerts long-lasting influences on threat processing and prefrontal-amygdala function. This suggests that @entity4806 history may influence @entity1005 neural phenotypes related to threat processing. Here, we adapt a well-characterized emotional conflict paradigm to investigate @entity4806 effects on both emotional conflict and emotional valence processing within @entity1005 stratified by task relevance. Forty-two individuals with @entity1005 (22 reporting extensive @entity4806 history ( @entity1005 - @entity4806 )) and 20 @entity130 -exposed healthy controls (TEHCs) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging while identifying affect of emotional faces (fear and happy) overlaid with a goal-irrelevant emotional distractor word ("FEAR" or "HAPPY"). We examined effects of @entity4806 on conflict, conflict adaptation, valence-related activation (fear vs. happy) for goal-relevant (face) and goal-irrelevant stimuli (word), and valence effects in interaction with goal-relevancy (face vs. word). Though no activation differences between groups were observed for conflict contrasts nor for valence effects in the amygdala, @entity4806 status interacted with valence processing differences as a function of goal relevance in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC). Here, @entity1005 - @entity4806 displayed greater activation relative to @entity1005 to negative valence when stimuli were goal-irrelevant. @entity4806 history also moderated relationships between activation abnormalities and @entity1005 re-experiencing symptoms. These findings provide initial evidence that @entity4806 history augments dorsolateral prefrontal bias to implicitly processed stimulus valence in @entity1005 .

title: History of childhood maltreatment augments dorsolateral prefrontal processing of emotional valence in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity4806 :: ('MESH:D063766', 'Disease') :: ['CM', 'Childhood maltreatment']

entities_list: @entity1005 :: ('MESH:D013313', 'Disease') :: ['Posttraumatic stress disorder', 'PTSD']

answer: @entity1005 :: (MESH:D013313,Disease) :: ['PTSD']


abstract: @entity295 are frequent and severe in @entity1 with @entity1778 under aplastic treatment. The present study concerns 69 such @entity1 : 29 with @entity981 ( @entity981 ), and 40 with @entity981 ( @entity981 ). All were treated in single rooms in the same hospital and in similar conditions. The overall incidence of @entity295 was 62%; it was 60% in @entity1 with recently diagnosed @entity981 and 68% during relapses. More than 34% of @entity981 @entity1 and 82.5% of @entity981 @entity1 had one or several episodes of @entity295 . Among the 74 pathogens isolated 50% were Gram-positive organisms, 45% Gram-negative organisms and 5% Candida spp.. The first episodes of @entity295 were predominantly caused by Gram-positive spp. (61%) and the subsequent ones by Gram-negative spp. (60%). The @entity281 could only be diagnosed in 19% of the cases and was most frequently located in the digestive tract or perineal region. The most common focal complications were @entity358 (18 cases), @entity272 (12 cases) and @entity326 (15 cases). Seventy-four p. cent of the @entity1 survived with prompt and potent antibiotic therapy. @entity204 occurred in 26% and was clearly related to the following factors: chemotherapy of relapsed @entity1778 and/or successive episodes of @entity295 . The incidence and severity of @entity295 in leukaemic @entity1 will only be reduced by improved prophylactic measures against @entity281 and by less pronounced and shorter chemotherapy-induced @entity3028 .

title: [Incidence, prognosis and prevention of @entity295 in @entity1 under treatment for XXXX (author's transl)].

entities_list: @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['septicaemias', 'septicaemia', 'Septicaemias']

entities_list: @entity981 :: ('MESH:D054198', 'Disease') :: ['acute lymphoblastic leukaemia', 'ALL', 'acute non-lymphoblastic leukaemia', 'ANLL']

entities_list: @entity326 :: ('MESH:D012772', 'Disease') :: ['septic shock']

entities_list: @entity3028 :: ('MESH:D000380', 'Disease') :: ['granulocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection', 'primary infection']

entities_list: @entity1778 :: ('MESH:D007938', 'Disease') :: ['leukaemia and/or blastic aplasia', 'acute leukaemia']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['lung infections']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin infections']

answer: @entity1778 :: (MESH:D007938,Disease) :: ['acute leukaemia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Current knowledge on primary or isolated basilar @entity4066 (IBAD) is limited to case vignettes and small @entity1 series. OBJECTIVE: To delineate the frequency and clinical presentations of IBAD along with short-term outcome, specific prognosis and targeted management. METHODS: Data were derived from a series of 12 consecutive @entity1 and a review of 88 cases reported in the literature. In all the cases, the dissection was confined to the basilar artery. RESULTS: Disease incidence was estimated at 0.25 per 100,000 @entity1 -years. IBAD accounted for roughly 1.0% of all @entity510 events and for no less than 10.5 and 4.5% of posterior circulation and brain-supplying artery dissections, respectively. The main clinical presentations were @entity510 (46%) and posterior circulation @entity2806 (42%). @entity510 typically manifested at a higher age than @entity2806 (mean age, 48.9 vs. 41.4 years) and was more prevalent among @entity1 . Rebleedings related to @entity2849 formation in @entity1 with @entity510 and recurrent @entity63 in @entity64 @entity1 were common in the acute phase (26.1 and 33.3%, respectively) but were rare in the long term. The outcome was generally favorable in @entity64 @entity1 but variable in @entity510 (case fatality rate, 21.7%). The mainstay of therapy for @entity510 related to IBAD was endovascular occlusion of the @entity439 pouch whereas @entity64 @entity1 were usually put on anticoagulants. CONCLUSIONS: IBAD is probably an underrecognized disease with heterogeneous clinical presentation and prognosis. It should be considered as a differential diagnosis in peritruncal @entity510 , classic @entity510 and posterior circulation @entity64 , especially in young individuals. Case management is challenging and has to be tailored to each @entity1 .

title: Basilar XXXX : series of 12 consecutive cases and review of the literature.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'person']

entities_list: @entity4066 :: ('MESH:D020217', 'Disease') :: ['artery dissection']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['brain ischemia']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['Subarachnoid hemorrhage', 'subarachnoid hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity2849 :: ('MESH:D017541', 'Disease') :: ['pseudoaneurysm']

answer: @entity4066 :: (MESH:D020217,Disease) :: ['artery dissection']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity73 ( @entity73 ) has been shown to be an effective alternative to therapist-delivered treatment for @entity4697 ( @entity4697 ). However, it is unknown whether combining @entity73 and antidepressants can improve treatment. This trial evaluated the efficacy of @entity73 and @entity3756 , alone or in combination, in @entity4697 . METHOD: @entity1 (n=251) were randomized to 12 weeks of either placebo drug, placebo drug plus @entity73 , @entity3756 , or @entity3756 plus @entity73 . Those who improved after 12 weeks of acute treatment received treatment for an additional 12 weeks. Outcome measures included @entity4697 ( @entity4697 attacks, anticipatory @entity148 , agoraphobic avoidance), dysfunctional cognitions (fear of bodily sensations, agoraphobic cognitions), disability, and clinical global impression of severity and improvement. Efficacy data were analyzed using general and generalized linear mixed models. RESULTS: Primary analyses of trends over time revealed that @entity3756 / @entity73 produced a significantly greater rate of decline in fear of bodily sensations compared to @entity3756 , placebo/ @entity73 and placebo. Trends in other outcomes were not significantly different over time. Secondary analyses of mean scores at week 12 revealed that @entity3756 / @entity73 fared better on several outcomes than placebo, with improvement being maintained at the end of continuation treatment. Outcome did not differ between placebo and either @entity3756 monotherapy or placebo/ @entity73 . Moreover, few differences emerged between the active interventions. CONCLUSIONS: This trial suggests that @entity3756 combined with @entity73 may be an effective treatment for @entity4697 . The study could not confirm the efficacy of @entity3756 monotherapy or @entity73 without concomitant medication or therapist assistance in the treatment of @entity4697 .

title: A randomized trial of XXXX , self-administered cognitive behavior therapy, and their combination for @entity4697 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients']

entities_list: @entity4697 :: ('MESH:D016584', 'Disease') :: ['panic', 'PD', 'core PD symptoms', 'panic disorder']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['Self-administered cognitive behavior therapy', 'SCBT']

entities_list: @entity3756 :: ('MESH:D020280', 'Chemical') :: ['sertraline']

answer: @entity3756 :: (MESH:D020280,Chemical) :: ['sertraline']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: @entity308 occurs frequently in @entity1726 ; however the neural basis of @entity308 in @entity1726 remains unclear. The aim of this study was to characterize possible @entity308 -related white matter microstructural changes in the thalamus of @entity1 with @entity25416 compared with those with NDPD. MATERIALS AND METHODS: FA and @entity601 maps from DTI were obtained in 14 @entity1 with @entity25416 and 18 @entity1 with NDPD. Region-of-interest-guided VBA was conducted on the FA maps to detect possible microstructural differences in the thalamus between these 2 @entity1 groups. Moreover, mean FA and @entity601 in regions with a detected difference were compared between @entity25416 and NDPD groups, and correlations between diffusion quantities and the severity of @entity308 were analyzed. RESULTS: White matter microstructure differences were found between the @entity1 with @entity25416 and NDPD in the bilateral mediodorsal thalamic regions. In these regions, @entity1 with @entity25416 showed significantly decreased FA values (P < .005) compared with @entity1 with NDPD, and the mean values of FA were negatively correlated with the scores of @entity308 severity (P < .05) for @entity1 with @entity1726 . No significant differences of @entity601 were found in the mediodorsal thalamus between these 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS: Our results provide preliminary evidence that the mediodorsal thalamus may play an important role in @entity308 in @entity1726 and suggest a relationship between FA in the mediodorsal thalamus and the presence of @entity308 in @entity1 with @entity25416 . These findings may be helpful for further understanding the potential mechanisms of @entity308 in @entity1726 .

title: White matter microstructure changes in the thalamus in Parkinson disease with XXXX : A diffusion tensor MR imaging study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression', 'depressive symptoms', 'depression']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['depression']


abstract: To assess the efficacy of combined @entity18754 and @entity460 therapy (FC) in increasing lumbar @entity79 ( @entity79 ) in @entity1 with low bone mass, we conducted a prospective double-masked randomized study in 94 @entity1 aged 50-70 years. @entity1 were selected on the basis of a lumbar @entity79 at least 2 standard deviations (SD) below the young adult mean (T-score) but without evidence of previous @entity174 (severe @entity2331 ). They were randomly assigned to receive for 2 years, twice a day, either FC (13.2 mg F-, i.e. 100 mg @entity18754 , and 500 mg @entity141 ) or C (500 mg @entity141 ). @entity79 was measured by dual photon absorptiometry from L2 to L4. Comparison at final assessment in the 76 eligible @entity1 (Student's t-test) showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups in the mean @entity79 increase in favour of FC. Furthermore, Student's t-test showed a significantly greater increase in lumbar @entity79 in FC-treated @entity1 at 1 year, at 18 months and after 2 years (mean increase of 7.1%/year). These results were confirmed by ANOVA at 1 year, at 18 months and after 2 years of treatment. Of the FC-treated @entity1 , 71.4% were considered to have responded (i.e. they showed an increase in lumbar @entity79 of more than 0.034 g/cm2). The dosage of 26.4 mg @entity1388 ion/day (i.e. 200 mg @entity18754 /day) therefore appears to be safe and to increase the @entity79 effectively in @entity1 with low bone mass prior to @entity174 .

title: XXXX increases lumbar bone density in osteopenic @entity1 : a double-masked randomized study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['vertebral fracture']

entities_list: @entity18754 :: ('MESH:C012980', 'Chemical') :: ['monofluorophosphate', 'sodium monofluorophosphate']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone mineral density', 'BMD', 'Vertebral BMD']

entities_list: @entity2331 :: ('MESH:D001851', 'Disease') :: ['osteopenia']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity1388 :: ('MESH:D005459', 'Chemical') :: ['fluoride']

answer: @entity18754 :: (MESH:C012980,Chemical) :: ['Monofluorophosphate']


abstract: In @entity35 , blood concentrations of @entity5127 (SP) and relative concentrations of @entity8951 -reducible metabolite following intra-arterial (i.a.) and portal venous administration of SP- @entity597 were estimated up to 200 min. In 24 hr urine, unchanged SP was quantitated. @entity8952 -reducible metabolite was measured as the difference in SP concentrations before and after reduction. Administration of SP in a dose of 50 mg/kg SP- @entity597 i.a. revealed a blood concentration-time profile which did not allow characterization of the terminal half-life or systemic clearance. Therefore, the dose over the area under the curve up to 120 min after administration, CL0-120app, was defined as an apparent average clearance value over the time interval studied. After a dose of 50 mg/kg the CL0-120app was 34.8 +/- 5.9 ml/min/kg when administered i.a. and 80.4 +/- 7.5 ml/min/kg when administered via the portal vein, thus affording an estimate of 0.64 +/- 0.12 for the hepatic extraction ratio. A possible @entity644 was studied in @entity35 with a bile fistula. Although SP levels in blood were lower than in control @entity35 , no SP was excreted in the bile and excretion of SP in urine was even slightly higher, which renders circulation of SP itself unlikely. About 25% of the dose was recovered in 180 min bile as @entity8952 -reducible metabolite, but the urinary excretion of @entity8952 -reducible metabolite was not changed. The gradual levelling-off of blood concentration versus time curves may partly be explained by the formation of reactive intermediates in the course of metabolism, which inactivate P-450. In support of this, the intrinsic clearance of orally administered @entity8953 (25 mg/kg) was determined 5 and 50 min after i.a. administered SP- @entity597 (50 mg/kg), and decreased from 343 +/- 18 to 220 +/- 36 ml/min/kg (p less than 0.05).

title: Non-linear pharmacokinetics of @entity5127 in the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['biliary excretion and enterohepatic circulation']

entities_list: @entity8952 :: ('CHEBI:30157', 'Chemical') :: ['borohydride', 'Borohydride']

entities_list: @entity8951 :: ('MESH:C025364', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium borohydride']

entities_list: @entity5127 :: ('MESH:D013034', 'Chemical') :: ['sparteine']

entities_list: @entity8953 :: ('MESH:D006591', 'Chemical') :: ['hexobarbital']

entities_list: @entity597 :: ('CHEBI:16189', 'Chemical') :: ['sulphate']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Obesity prevalence has continuously increased in Northern Sweden as elsewhere. A cohort effect has been shown and an increasing proportion of the middle-aged population is maintaining body weight. OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that the @entity28 epidemic continues but at different speeds that are dependent on socioeconomic status. DESIGN: Cross-sectional (103,940 adults) and longitudinal (26,872 adults) data from the V  sterbotten Intervention Program 1990-2007 were included. All adults in V  sterbotten County are invited to a health examination at the ages of 40, 50, and 60 years. Body mass index (BMI) and socioeconomic status, assessed by residence location, marital status, and education were evaluated. RESULTS: BMI increased in all groups but was greater among @entity1 . During 1990-1995 and 2002-2007, mean BMIs were 25.9 and 26.8 among @entity1 and 25.2 and 25.9 among @entity1 . The trend of increasing BMI slowed around the year 2000 (p<0.001), but this was only observed among the highly educated adults in the most urbanized area. The difference between educational groups increased throughout the study period ( @entity1 p=0.014, @entity1 p=0.002). Longitudinal data for both sexes showed a twofold higher baseline prevalence of @entity28 among individuals with basic compared to high education and it nearly doubled in all groups during the 10-year follow-up. Low education, living in a rural environment, and living alone were independent predictors of @entity28 development. The overall cumulative 10-year incidence was 9.4% in @entity1 , 9.1% in @entity1 , and twofold higher among those with basic and mid-level education who live in rural areas compared to those with high education who live in cities. CONCLUSION: The trend of increasing @entity28 has slowed in this middle-aged Northern Sweden population, but this trend shift occurred primarily among those with high education who live in an urban environment. Greater efforts to combat obesogenic environments are needed and should take socioeconomic and sociocultural aspects into account.

title: The XXXX epidemic slows among the middle-aged population in Sweden while the socioeconomic gap widens.

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obesity']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Non-infectious @entity3665 often presents with non-specific symptoms leading to inappropriate diagnostic delay. We intend to describe the clinical spectrum and outcome of @entity1 with @entity3665 diagnosed at a single centre. METHODS: We reviewed the clinical charts of @entity1 diagnosed with non-infectious @entity3665 between January 2010 and December 2013 at the Rheumatology Division from a 1.000-bed tertiary teaching hospital from Northern Spain. The diagnosis of @entity3665 was usually based on FDG-PET-CT scan, and also occasionally on CT or MRI angiography or helical CT-scan. RESULTS: During the period of assessment 32 @entity1 (22 @entity1 and 10 @entity1 ; mean age 68 years [range, 45-87]) were diagnosed with @entity3665 . The median interval from the onset of symptoms to the diagnosis was 21 months. FDG-PET CT scan was the most common tool used for the diagnosis of @entity3665 . The underlying conditions were the following: @entity226 (n=13 cases); isolated @entity2760 ( @entity2760 ) (n=11); Sj  gren's syndrome (n=2), @entity12040 (n= 1); @entity370 (n=1), @entity31 (n=1), @entity5144 (n=1), and @entity1333 that also involved the aorta (n=2). The most common clinical manifestations at diagnosis were: @entity2760 features, often with atypical clinical presentation (n=23 @entity1 , 72%); diffuse lower limb @entity158 (n=16 @entity1 , 50%); constitutional symptoms (n=12 @entity1 , 37%), inflammatory low back @entity158 (n=9 @entity1 , 28%) and @entity221 (n=7 @entity1 , 22%). Acute phase reactants were increased in most cases (median erythrocyte sedimentation rate 46 mm/1st hour, and a median serum C-reactive protein 1.5 mg/dL). CONCLUSIONS: @entity3665 is not an uncommon condition. The diagnosis is often delayed. Atypical @entity2760 features, @entity1643 , constitutional symptoms along with increased acute phase reactants should be considered 'red flags' to suspect the presence of @entity3665 .

title: Non-infectious XXXX : a report of 32 cases from a single tertiary centre in a 4-year period and literature review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1643 :: ('MESH:D017116', 'Disease') :: ['unexplained low back or limb pain']

entities_list: @entity3665 :: ('MESH:D001025', 'Disease') :: ['Aortitis', 'aortitis']

entities_list: @entity1333 :: ('MESH:D014657', 'Disease') :: ['large-vessel vasculitis']

entities_list: @entity226 :: ('MESH:D013700', 'Disease') :: ['giant cell arteritis']

entities_list: @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative colitis']

entities_list: @entity5144 :: ('MESH:D015535', 'Disease') :: ['psoriatic arthritis']

entities_list: @entity12040 :: ('MESH:D013625', 'Disease') :: ['Takayasu arteritis']

entities_list: @entity2760 :: ('MESH:D011111', 'Disease') :: ['PMR', 'polymyalgia rheumatica']

entities_list: @entity370 :: ('MESH:D012507', 'Disease') :: ['sarcoidosis']

answer: @entity3665 :: (MESH:D001025,Disease) :: ['aortitis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to histologically analyze the influence of the platelet-rich plasma ( @entity16447 ) on @entity79 in surgically created @entity3124 ( @entity3124 ) in the calvaria of @entity6 @entity35 . STUDY DESIGN: A total of 20 @entity6 @entity35 were divided into 2 groups: C (control) and @entity16447 . A 5-mm diameter @entity3124 was created in the calvarium of each animal. In Group C, the defect was filled by blood clot only. In Group @entity16447 , 0.35 mL of @entity16447 was placed in the defects. All animals were humanely killed 30 days postoperatively. Histometric and histologic analyses were performed. Data were statistically analyzed (t test, P < .05). RESULTS: No defect completely regenerated with bone. Group @entity16447 had a statistically greater amount of bone formation than Group C (37.22% +/- 6.00% and 21.68% +/- 11.35%, respectively). CONCLUSION: @entity16447 placed in the defects significantly enhanced @entity79 in @entity3124 in the calvaria of @entity6 @entity35 both qualitatively and quantitatively.

title: Bone healing in XXXX treated with platelet-rich plasma: a histologic and histometric study in the calvaria of @entity6 @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic']

entities_list: @entity3124 :: ('MESH:D016638', 'Disease') :: ['critical-size defects', 'CSD']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone healing']

answer: @entity3124 :: (MESH:D016638,Disease) :: ['critical-size defects']


abstract: SUMMARY: Endovascular coiling can improve the outcome of @entity1 with @entity1756 , but angiographic recurrences are frequent compared to surgical clipping. New coils or devices have been introduced to improve long-term results of endovascular treatment but none have been the object of a valid clinical trial. We have proposed a multicentric randomized double-blind study comparing radioactive and standard coil occlusion of @entity439 . The purpose of this article is to review issues that are specific to the design of clinical trials to assess embolic agents that could improve the long-term efficacy of endovascular treatment of @entity438 . The proposed trial is a randomized, multi-center, prospective, controlled trial comparing the new generation coils to standard @entity902 coils. Blinding, if at all possible, is preferable to minimize bias, at least for follow-up angiographic studies that should cover a period of 18 months. All @entity1 with an @entity438 eligible for endovascular treatment would be proposed to participate. The study would enrol approximately 500 @entity1 equally divided between the two groups, recruited within two years, to demonstrate a decrease in the recurrence rate, the primary outcome measure, from 20% to 10%. Secondary outcome measures should assure that complications, initial clinical and angiographic results remain unchanged. Independent data safety and monitoring committees are crucial to the credibility of trials and to ensure scientific rigor and objectivity. The scientific demonstration of an improved long-term efficacy, without significant compromise regarding safety, is mandatory before considering the widespread use of a new embolic device for the endovascular treatment of @entity439 .

title: New Devices Designed to Improve the Long-Term Results of Endovascular Treatment of XXXX . A Proposition for a Randomized Clinical Trial to Assess their Safety and Efficacy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1756 :: ('MESH:D017542', 'Disease') :: ['ruptured intracranial aneurysms']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['platinum']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial aneurysm', 'intracranial aneurysms']

answer: @entity438 :: (MESH:D002532,Disease) :: ['Intracranial Aneurysms']


abstract: Plasma @entity4545 levels were measured by radioimmunoassay before and after exercise in 25 @entity1 with @entity453 . Eighteen @entity1 were @entity1 and 7 were @entity1 ; age range was 36 to 75 years (mean 60). All @entity1 had @entity951 , a positive treadmill test response or positive exercise radionuclide findings. The mean preexercise plasma endorphin level was 4.9 +/- 3.0 pmol/liter (range 0.7 to 13.5). The mean postexercise plasma endorphin level of 6.6 +/- 4.6 mol/liter (range 0 to 19.5) was significantly higher (p less than 0.05). A significant positive correlation was seen between postexercise endorphin levels and time to onset of @entity951 (r = 0.4, p = 0.03). There were negative correlations between postexercise endorphin levels and occurrence (r = -0.4, p = 0.04) and duration of @entity951 (r = -0.4, p = 0.05). No association was found for maximal heart rate-blood pressure product, workload, time to ST-segment @entity308 or stress ejection fraction. A positive correlation was found between rest left ventricular ejection fraction and postexercise endorphin levels (r = 0.5, p = 0.02). In conclusion, in @entity1 with exercise-induced @entity741 , plasma @entity4545 levels are increased after exercise; postexercise endorphin levels are related to timing and occurrence (presence or absence) of @entity951 ; and endorphins may alter the perception of @entity158 caused by @entity741 .

title: Endorphins are related to @entity158 perception in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity951 :: ('MESH:D000787', 'Disease') :: ['angina pectoris', 'angina']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial ischemia']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

answer: @entity453 :: (MESH:D003324,Disease) :: ['coronary artery disease']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: In older @entity1 , adolescents and adults, a substantial part of all IgE-mediated @entity5419 is caused by cross-reacting allergenic structures shared by inhalants and foods. IgE stimulated by a cross-reactive inhalant allergen can result in diverse patterns of @entity56 to various foods. Local, mild or severe systemic reactions may occur already after the first consumption of a food containing a cross-reactive allergen. In clinical practice clinically relevant sensitizations are elucidated by skin prick testing or by the determination of specific IgE in vitro. Component resolved diagnosis may help to reach a diagnosis and may predict the risk of a systemic reaction. @entity566 needs to be confirmed in cases of unclear history by oral challenge tests. The therapeutic potential of allergen immunotherapy with inhalant allergens in pollen-related @entity5419 is not clear, and more placebo-controlled studies are needed. As we are facing an increase of @entity2023 , a shift in sensitization patterns and changes in nutritional habits, the occurrence of new, so far unknown @entity566 due to cross-reactions is expected. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Position paper of the EAACI: XXXX due to immunological cross-reactions with common inhalant allergens.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity2023 :: ('MESH:D006255', 'Disease') :: ['pollen allergies']

entities_list: @entity5419 :: ('MESH:D005512', 'Disease') :: ['food allergy', 'food allergies']

entities_list: @entity566 :: ('MESH:D006967', 'Disease') :: ['Allergy', 'allergies']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic reactions']

answer: @entity5419 :: (MESH:D005512,Disease) :: ['Food allergy']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate inter- and intrafractional motion and rotational error for lower extremity soft tissue @entity242 @entity1 by using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and an optical localization system. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Thirty-one immobilized @entity1 received CBCT image-guided intensity-modulated radiation therapy. Setup deviations of >3 mm from the planned isocenter were corrected. A second CBCT acquired before treatment delivery was registered to the planning CT to estimate interfractional setup error retrospectively. Interfractional error and rotational error were calculated in the left-right (LR), superoinferior (SI), and anteroposterior (AP) dimensions. Intrafractional motion was assessed by calculating the maximum relative displacement of optical localization system reflective markers placed on the @entity1 's surface, combined with pre- and postfraction CBCT performed for 17 of the 31 @entity1 once per week. The overall @entity2246 ( @entity2246 ) and random error (RE) were calculated for the interfractional and intrafractional motion for planning target volume margin calculation. RESULTS: The standard deviation (SD) of the interfractional RE was 1.9 mm LR, 2.1 mm SI, and 1.8 mm AP, and the @entity2246 SD was 0.6 mm, 1.2 mm, and 0.7 mm in each dimension, respectively. The overall rotation (inter- and intrafractional) had an RE SD of 0.8   LR, 1.7   SI, and 0.7   AP and an @entity2246 SD of 1.1   LR, 1.3   SI, and 0.3   AP. The SD of the overall intrafractional RE was 1.6 mm LR, 1.6 mm SI, and 1.4 mm AP, and the @entity2246 SD was 0.7 mm AP, 0.6 mm SI, and 0.6 mm AP. CONCLUSIONS: A uniform 5-mm planning target volume margin was quantified for lower extremity soft tissue @entity242 @entity1 and has been implemented clinically for image-guided intensity-modulated radiation therapy.

title: Measuring interfractional and intrafractional motion with cone beam computed tomography and an optical localization system for lower extremity soft tissue XXXX @entity1 treated with preoperative intensity-modulated radiation therapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2246 :: ('MESH:D008661', 'Disease') :: ['systematic error', 'SE']

answer: @entity242 :: (MESH:D012509,Disease) :: ['sarcoma']


abstract: Thirty-one evaluable @entity1 with advanced @entity14 were treated with oral @entity4181 (LV) 500 mg/m2, administered hourly in four divided doses weekly for 6 weeks. Six @entity1 received intravenous @entity1487 at 450 mg/m2 and the remainder at 600 mg/m2 weekly for 6 weeks. This schedule was repeated after a 2-week rest period without medication. None of the @entity1 had received previous chemotherapy. The results of the study showed a overall complete remission (CR) and partial remission (PR) of 45%. All responding @entity1 received the 600-mg/m2 dose of @entity1487 . There were five CR and nine PR. An additional seven (23%) @entity1 had stable disease. Two of the seven received the 450-mg/m2 dose of @entity1487 and the remainder received 600 mg/m2. The median disease-free interval for CR @entity1 exceeded 25 months, while the interval for PR @entity1 was 11.8 months. The median survival for CR @entity1 was over 26.7 months and 16.5 months for the PR @entity1 . The median survival for stable @entity1 was 9.5 months and 5.5 months for @entity1 with progressive disease. @entity137 included @entity294 in 70% of @entity1 , excess lacrimal secretion in 35%, and @entity390 and @entity391 in 25% There were no treatment-related deaths in this group. The authors conclude from this Phase I study that the optimal @entity1487 dose in 600 mg/m2 combined with high-dose oral @entity4181 for the treatment of advanced @entity14 .

title: Efficacy of high-dose oral XXXX and @entity1487 in advanced @entity14 . Plasma and tissue pharmacokinetics.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4181 :: ('MESH:D002955', 'Chemical') :: ['leucovorin']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['Toxicity']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal carcinoma', 'colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity4181 :: (MESH:D002955,Chemical) :: ['leucovorin']