abstract: BACKGROUND: To increase participation in physical activity, it is important to understand the factors associated with a @entity1 's choice to be physically active or sedentary. The neighborhood and home environments may be related to this choice. PURPOSE: To determine whether the neighborhood environment or number of televisions in the home environment are independently associated with @entity1 physical activity and television time. METHODS: The associations of the neighborhood and home environments on active and @entity146 were studied in 44 @entity1 and 44 @entity1 who wore accelerometers and recorded their television watching behaviors. Neighborhood environment variables were measured using extensive geographic information systems analysis. RESULTS: Hierarchical regression analyses were used to predict physical activity after controlling for individual differences in age, socioeconomic status, percentage overweight, and time the accelerometer was worn in Step 1. Sex of the @entity1 was added in Step 2. A neighborhood design variable, street connectivity, accounted for an additional 6% (p <or= .01) of the variability in physical activity in Step 3. A block of variables including a measure of neighborhood land use diversity, percentage park area, and the interaction of Percentage Park Area x Sex then accounted for a further 9% (p <or= .01) of the variability in physical activity in Step 4. Increased access to parks was related to increased physical activity in @entity1 but not in @entity1 . The number of televisions in the home accounted for 6% (p <or= .05) of the variability in television watching behavior. Neighborhood environment variables did not predict television watching that occurs in the home. CONCLUSION: The neighborhood environment is more strongly associated with physical activity of @entity1 than @entity1 . @entity146 are associated with access to television in the home environment. To promote physical activity in @entity1 , planners need to design environments that support active living and parents should limit access to television viewing in the home.

title: The neighborhood and home environments: disparate relationships with physical activity and XXXX in youth.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['child', 'children', 'boys', 'girls']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['Sedentary behaviors', 'sedentary behaviors']

answer: @entity146 :: (MESH:D001523,Disease) :: ['sedentary behaviors']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3657 ( @entity3657 ) is common among @entity1 on chronic dialysis. Despite severe clinical manifestations, the indication for bypass surgery is controversial, because of the high morbidity and mortality rate of these @entity1 . The less invasive percutaneous transluminal angioplasty ( @entity865 ) is a possible alternative, but data about @entity865 in dialysis @entity1 are scarce. METHODS: We followed 107 dialysis @entity1 (mean age 67+/-10, 75 males) with 132 ischaemic limbs (97% with critical limb ischaemia and @entity10395 or @entity158 ) consecutively treated by @entity865 . RESULTS: @entity865 was successful in 97% of cases. Median follow-up was 22 months. Cumulative limb salvage rates at 12, 24, 36 and 48 months were 86, 84, 84 and 62%, respectively. Log-rank test showed an association between major amputation and baseline presence of foot lesions (P=0.04). This association was confirmed by a Cox survival multivariate analysis [hazard ratio (HR)=7.03, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.1-43.0, P=0.035]. Limb salvage without any new intervention on the same leg was achieved in 70% of the cases, and was associated with the absence of @entity6 (P=0.01), lower number of treated lesions (P=0.04) and proximal level (iliac and/or femoro-popliteal) of @entity865 (P<0.001). Independent predictors were @entity6 (HR=3.47, 95% CI=1.31-9.17, P=0.01) and proximal @entity865 (HR=0.28, 95% CI=0.08-0.94, P=0.04). Fifty-three (49%) @entity1 died during follow-up. @entity1 older than 67 years (the median value in our sample) had a 2.4-fold increase in mortality risk (95% CI=1.4-4.1, P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: @entity865 is feasible and effective in dialysis @entity1 with @entity3657 , and should be preferred to other more invasive interventions.

title: Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty is feasible and effective in XXXX on chronic dialysis with severe @entity3657 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3657 :: ('MESH:D058729', 'Disease') :: ['Peripheral arterial disease', 'PAD']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['rest pain']

entities_list: @entity10395 :: ('MESH:D005534', 'Disease') :: ['ischaemic foot lesions']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of underlying @entity3459 in adolescents with @entity931 . STUDY DESIGN: We retrospectively reviewed the charts of all @entity1 , aged 10 to 19 years, who presented to our @entity1 's hospital for inpatient or outpatient evaluation of @entity931 between January 1990 and November 1998. RESULTS: At presentation, 9 of the 71 @entity1 (13%) had @entity882 (platelet count <150,000/microL; range, 5000-106,000/microL). The most common causes for @entity882 were @entity3039 (n = 5) and myelosuppression caused by chemotherapy (n = 2). Of 14 @entity1 who underwent a more detailed hemostatic evaluation, 8 were given a diagnosis of a @entity3459 : 6 had platelet function defects and 2 had @entity38859 . Excessive @entity548 commonly results in @entity417 . One half of the total group had @entity417 (hemoglobin <12.0 g/dL). Seven @entity1 (10%) had potentially life-threatening @entity417 (hemoglobin <5.0 g/dL). CONCLUSIONS: Acquired and @entity3459 are common causes of @entity931 in adolescent @entity1 . @entity417 is a frequent complication of @entity931 . We recommend that adolescents without @entity882 who present with @entity931 receive a comprehensive hemostatic evaluation, including testing for @entity2880 and platelet function defects.

title: XXXX : A common cause of @entity931 in adolescents.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'girls']

entities_list: @entity38859 :: ('MESH:D056725', 'Disease') :: ['type 1 von Willebrand disease']

entities_list: @entity417 :: ('MESH:D000740', 'Disease') :: ['Severe anemia', 'anemia']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['menstrual bleeding']

entities_list: @entity3459 :: ('MESH:D025861', 'Disease') :: ['congenital bleeding disorders', 'bleeding disorders', 'hereditary coagulation disorder']

entities_list: @entity3039 :: ('MESH:D016553', 'Disease') :: ['immune thrombocytopenic purpura']

entities_list: @entity931 :: ('MESH:D008595', 'Disease') :: ['menorrhagia']

entities_list: @entity2880 :: ('MESH:D014842', 'Disease') :: ['von Willebrand disease']

answer: @entity3459 :: (MESH:D025861,Disease) :: ['Bleeding disorders']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The potential protective effect of @entity6624 on @entity15484 -induced @entity73 was investigated in @entity35 . In a Morris water maze, administration of @entity15484 to @entity35 for 90 days resulted in increased escape latency to reach the platform and decreased swimming speed in acquisition trials. Similarly, in probe trials, the time required to reach the hidden platform was increased and the time spent in the target quadrant was reduced. Also, administration of @entity15484 to @entity35 for 90 days increased the reference and working @entity2414 and time required to end the task in the radial arm maze. In addition, this treatment decreased the step-through latency in the passive avoidance test. Concurrently, treatment of @entity35 with @entity15484 for 90 days increased hippocampal @entity3264 , @entity1234 , and @entity3542 levels and decreased intracellular reduced @entity2041 level. In the @entity6624 -treated group, @entity15484 -induced @entity73 as assessed by the Morris water maze, radial arm maze, and passive avoidance tests were inhibited. At the same time, treatment of @entity35 with @entity6624 prevented the biochemical alterations induced by @entity15484 in the hippocampus. It can be concluded that elevation of hippocampal @entity3264 level with consequent oxidative stress and @entity842 (NO) overproduction may play an important role in @entity3775 -induced @entity73 . Also, our results suggest, for the first time, that @entity6624 can protect against the development of these @entity73 through inhibition of @entity3775 -induced elevation of @entity3264 level, oxidative stress, and NO overproduction in the hippocampus.

title: Protective effect of @entity6624 against XXXX -induced @entity73 in @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity3775 :: ('MESH:D000535', 'Chemical') :: ['aluminum']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['learning and memory impairments', 'cognitive deficits', 'cognitive impairments']

entities_list: @entity3542 :: ('CHEBI:16301', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrite']

entities_list: @entity15484 :: ('MESH:C010845', 'Chemical') :: ['aluminum chloride']

entities_list: @entity2041 :: ('MESH:D005978', 'Chemical') :: ['glutathione']

entities_list: @entity1234 :: ('MESH:D008315', 'Chemical') :: ['malondialdehyde']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity6624 :: ('MESH:D003566', 'Chemical') :: ['citicoline']

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['memory errors']

answer: @entity3775 :: (MESH:D000535,Chemical) :: ['aluminum']


abstract: @entity5935 ( @entity40006 ) is a widely used treatment for @entity1 who are at high risk of @entity3152 . In @entity742 , @entity40006 -induced growth restriction was found to be associated with reduced placenta @entity5804 (PL), a key regulator of fetal growth. We therefore hypothesized that also in @entity1 a single course of @entity40006 administration is associated with a reduction of PL, associated with a deceleration in fetal growth. OBJECTIVE: To investigate effects of a single course of antenatal @entity40006 in @entity1 on birth weight and PL. METHODS: @entity1 exposed to @entity40006 (2     12  mg; n  =  44) with normally grown fetuses between 23  +  5 and 34  +  0  wks (weeks  +  days of gestation) who delivered between 23  +  5 to 42  +  0  wks were compared to gestational age-matched controls (n  =  49). Maternal gestational blood samples were obtained before, during and after @entity40006 treatment and at the time of birth. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: @entity40006 effects on fetal anthropometrics, placental morphometry and placental PL-protein and maternal plasma levels. RESULTS: The mean duration of days between @entity40006 administration and birth was 52 days. @entity40006 treatment was associated with decreased birth weight (-18.2%), head circumference (-8.6%), body length (-6.0%), and placental width (-5.5%), as compared to controls. These changes were irrespective of possible maternal confounders (gestational age at birth, maternal age, maternal BMI gain during pregnancy, smoking etc.). However, neither PL-plasma levels within 48  h after @entity40006 treatment nor placental PL-protein levels and maternal plasma levels at birth were changed after @entity40006 treatment. In central regions of the placenta, @entity40006 treatment increased the circumference of syncytiotrophoblast nuclei by  +4.7% and nucleus surface area by  +9.4% compared to controls, but these changes were not related to placental PL-protein or maternal PL-plasma levels at birth. CONCLUSION: A single course of @entity40006 treatment was accompanied with reduced fetal growth, but this growth restricting effect was not associated with altered placental or maternal plasma PL levels. Altered expression of PL appears not to be causal for @entity40006 -induced fetal growth restriction in the @entity1 .

title: Growth restricting effects of a single course of antenatal XXXX treatment and the role of @entity1 placental @entity5804 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'humans', 'human', 'Women']

entities_list: @entity3152 :: ('MESH:D007752', 'Disease') :: ['preterm delivery']

entities_list: @entity5935 :: ('MESH:D001623', 'Chemical') :: ['Betamethasone']

answer: @entity5935 :: (MESH:D001623,Chemical) :: ['betamethasone']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Management of early @entity5 subsequent to failed radiotherapy is challenging, especially in balancing oncological control and function preservation. @entity1 frequently have been incentivized against surgical management and thus have undergone radiotherapy as initial treatment. This history compounds the difficulty of discussions about surgical management after recurrence. Typically, endoscopic salvage has less morbidity than transcervical partial laryngectomy and is clearly desirable over total laryngectomy. However, there are appropriate concerns about the efficacy of endoscopic salvage and the overarching impact on larynx preservation and survival. Given our success with endoscopic angiolytic KTP laser treatment of previously nonirradiated T1 and T2 @entity5 , we examined our results from treating similar-sized lesions after failed radiotherapy. METHODS: We performed a retrospective chart review of 20 @entity1 from our @entity5 database who had undergone failed radiation therapy elsewhere for early @entity5 and then underwent endoscopic angiolytic KTP laser treatment. RESULTS: Analysis of the geographic @entity5 recurrence of the 20 @entity1 revealed T1a N0 M0 @entity5 in 4 @entity1 , T1b N0 M0 @entity5 in 1 @entity1 , T2a N0 M0 @entity5 in 1 @entity1 , and T2b N0 M0 @entity5 in 14 @entity1 . After KTP laser salvage treatment, 4 @entity1 (20%) had local recurrence (all T2b) and required subsequent total laryngectomy, and 3 of these @entity1 (15%) ultimately died of disease. The remaining 16 @entity1 (80%) were free of disease at least 2 years after endoscopic salvage (average follow-up, 39 months). CONCLUSIONS: Our investigation provides preliminary evidence that angiolytic KTP laser salvage treatment of early @entity5 is an effective treatment after failed irradiation. Studies with larger cohorts and longer follow-up will be necessary to establish incontrovertible evidence of its efficacy.

title: Salvage endoscopic angiolytic KTP laser treatment of early XXXX after failed radiotherapy.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'glottic cancer', 'cancer', 'glottic cancers']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['glottic cancer']


abstract: Drug exposure or pharmacodynamic breakpoints refer to a magnitude of drug exposure which separates a population into groups with high and low probabilities of attaining a desired outcome. We used a pharmacodynamic model of @entity6831 to define an in vivo drug exposure breakpoint for @entity4895 (5FC) against @entity5132 . The results were bridged to @entity1 by using population pharmacokinetics and Monte Carlo simulation. An in vivo drug exposure breakpoint for 5FC was apparent when serum levels were above the MIC for 45% of the dosing interval. The Monte Carlo simulations suggested that using a @entity1 dose of 100 mg/kg of body weight/day in four divided doses, 5FC resistance was defined at an MIC of 32 mg/liter. Target attainment rates following administration of 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg/day were similar, suggesting that the use of a lower dose of 5FC is possible. Using six isolates of @entity5132 with MICs ranging from 0.06 to >64 mg/liter, we also explored the influence that the MIC, the fraction of the dosing interval that the serum levels of 5FC remained above the MIC (T>MIC), the 5FC resistance genotype, and the in vivo growth rate had on the response to 5FC. The MIC and T>MIC were both critical measures affecting the generation of a drug effect but had no bearing on the magnitude of the maximal kill induced by 5FC. The in vivo growth rate was a critical additional determinant of the exposure-response relationship. There was a relationship between the 5FC resistance genotype and the exposure-response relationship.

title: Derivation of an in vivo drug exposure breakpoint for XXXX against @entity5132 and Impact of the MIC, growth rate, and resistance genotype on the antifungal effect.

entities_list: @entity5132 :: ('5476', 'Species') :: ['Candida albicans', 'C. albicans']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human']

entities_list: @entity4895 :: ('MESH:D005437', 'Chemical') :: ['flucytosine']

entities_list: @entity6831 :: ('MESH:D004673', 'Disease') :: ['disseminated candidiasis']

answer: @entity4895 :: (MESH:D005437,Chemical) :: ['flucytosine']


abstract: Following @entity2955 ( @entity2955 ) lesions of the nigrostriatal @entity935 (DA) pathway, @entity35 caudate-putamen (CPu) neurons are supersensitive to the inhibitory effects of both D1 and D2 @entity935 (DA) receptor selective agonists. In addition, both the necessity of D1 receptor stimulation for D2 agonist-induced inhibition and the synergistic inhibitory effects of D1 and D2 agonists are abolished by denervation. The present study attempted to determine the relative roles of D1 and D2 DA receptors in the development of denervation supersensitivity to DA agonists and the "uncoupling" of functional interactions between the receptors following @entity2955 lesions of the nigrostriatal DA pathway. Beginning on the day after an intraventricular @entity2955 (or vehicle) injection, groups of @entity35 received daily injections of either the selective D1 receptor agonist @entity2344 (8.0 mg/kg, s.c.), the D2 agonist @entity11640 (0.5 mg/kg, s.c.), or saline for 7 days. On the day following the last agonist injection, @entity35 were anesthetized and prepared for extracellular single cell recording with iontophoretic drug administration. Daily administration of @entity11640 selectively prevented the development of D2 receptor supersensitivity, whereas daily administration of @entity2344 prevented the development of both D1 and D2 receptor supersensitivity. In addition, D1, but not D2, agonist treatment prevented the loss of synergistic inhibitory responses typically produced by @entity2955 lesions. Behavioral observations revealed similar effects; daily injections of @entity2344 , but not @entity11640 , prevented contralateral rotational responses to the mixed D1/D2 agonist @entity3826 (1.0 mg/kg, s.c.) in @entity35 with unilateral @entity2955 lesions of the nigrostriatal pathway. After a 4-week withdrawal from repeated D1 agonist treatment, both supersensitive inhibitory responses of CPu neurons and contralateral rotations to @entity3826 were evident, indicating that the preventative effects on DA receptor supersensitivity were not permanent. These findings indicate that continued agonist occupation of striatal D1 DA receptors following DA denervation not only prevents the development of D1 DA receptor supersensitivity but also exerts a similar regulation of D2 receptor sensitivity.

title: Repeated D1 XXXX receptor agonist administration prevents the development of both D1 and D2 striatal receptor supersensitivity following denervation.

entities_list: @entity11640 :: ('MESH:D019257', 'Chemical') :: ['quinpirole']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity3826 :: ('MESH:D001058', 'Chemical') :: ['apomorphine']

entities_list: @entity2955 :: ('MESH:D016627', 'Chemical') :: ['6-hydroxydopamine', '6-OHDA']

answer: @entity935 :: (MESH:D004298,Chemical) :: ['dopamine']


abstract: A 15-year-old @entity1 was admitted to our hospital because of @entity4683 , @entity2011 , bilateral @entity3329 and @entity1596 . A diagnosis of @entity370 with @entity6659 was made by radiological, serological, bronchoalveolar lavage examinations, fluid restriction test and vasopression test. @entity617 therapy improved all of her clinical findings except @entity2010 . So she had to continue intranasal @entity7062 ( @entity7062 ) therapy. In addition, we reviewed the clinical features of 27 @entity1 of @entity370 with @entity2010 reported in Japan. They included 12 @entity1 in young @entity1 and 21 @entity1 having @entity1596 . These @entity1 showed @entity358 in comparison with @entity370 without @entity2010 . @entity134 therapy improved the symptoms of @entity2010 in only 3 @entity1 , and all these 3 @entity1 started @entity134 therapy within 1 month after the onset. Therefore we think that early diagnosis and treatment are important. Though central @entity7993 was generally considered to have poor prognosis, there were only 3 @entity1 who had recurrence by @entity134 tapering.

title: [A case of @entity370 with XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['girl', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity3329 :: ('MESH:D008206', 'Disease') :: ['hilar lymphadenopathy']

entities_list: @entity7062 :: ('MESH:D003894', 'Chemical') :: ['1-desamino-8-arginine vasopressin', 'DDAVP']

entities_list: @entity6659 :: ('MESH:D020790', 'Disease') :: ['central diabetes insipidus']

entities_list: @entity4683 :: ('MESH:D059606', 'Disease') :: ['polydipsia']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['Steroid', 'steroid']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['low frequency of lung complications']

entities_list: @entity7993 :: ('MESH:C535814', 'Disease') :: ['neurosarcoidosis']

entities_list: @entity370 :: ('MESH:D012507', 'Disease') :: ['sarcoidosis']

entities_list: @entity617 :: ('MESH:D011239', 'Chemical') :: ['Prednisolone']

entities_list: @entity2010 :: ('MESH:D003919', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes insipidus']

answer: @entity2010 :: (MESH:D003919,Disease) :: ['diabetes insipidus']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although various clinical observations suggested that @entity1582 cell growth might be modulated by the immune system, evidence supporting the in situ immunogenicity of @entity1582 cells remains scarce. The authors reasoned that if there is any specific @entity5 cell interaction in @entity1582 , it is most likely reflected in the T-cell population in the vicinity of the @entity5 cells. METHODS: The authors used a molecular method to compare the T-cell populations in the vicinity of @entity5 cells with those in the peripheral blood in @entity1 with @entity6872 and @entity1582 . RESULTS: Six @entity1 were studied. When compared with the peripheral blood from the corresponding @entity1 , T cells in the vicinity of @entity5 cells in five of the six @entity1 showed significant contraction of the T-cell receptor (TCR) Vbeta repertoire. In addition to this, the T cells isolated from the sites of the @entity5 cells from four of these five @entity1 also demonstrated significant increase in the number of TCR Vbeta gene families with restricted number of @entity2612 size peaks and loss of the normal @entity2612 size gaussian distribution pattern. These findings were observed in @entity1 who experienced recurrence after allogeneic stem cell transplantation and also in those who had autologous stem cell transplant. They also were found in previously untreated @entity1582 @entity1 . In all six @entity1 , distinct TCR Vbeta recurring transcripts indicative of a T-cell clonal expansion were found in the vicinity of the @entity5 cells and either absent or detected at only a low frequency in the peripheral blood. CONCLUSIONS: Our results provide evidence for an in situ local T-cell clonal expansion in the vicinity of @entity5 cells and support the presence of specific @entity5 cell interaction in @entity1582 .

title: Distinct T-cell clonal expansion in the vicinity of XXXX cells in plasmacytoma.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6872 :: ('MESH:D010954', 'Disease') :: ['plasmacytomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['T-cell/tumor', 'tumor']

entities_list: @entity1582 :: ('MESH:D009101', 'Disease') :: ['multiple myeloma', 'myeloma']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumor']


abstract: We describe a rare case of secondary @entity1418 ( @entity1418 ) following @entity1222 ( @entity1222 ). A 23-year-old Japanese male exhibited @entity3329 , @entity2 , and osteolytic changes in bilateral iliac bones in 1989. A biopsy specimen from the left iliac bone revealed an infiltration of @entity2281 protein-positive histiocyte-like cells intermingled with eosinophils, which confirmed the diagnosis of @entity1712 , a type of @entity1222 . Although the @entity1 was treated with @entity617 initially, the disease did not respond well and progressed gradually over time. The @entity1 subsequently received multiple courses of chemotherapy and immunosuppressive therapy with many kinds of anticancer agents for 6 years. He also received radiotherapy totaling 136.8 Gy for @entity2 and @entity690 of the pelvis. In 1997, because of the @entity1222 refractoriness, biopsy was performed again from the right inguinal lymph node. Microscopic examinations demonstrated a mixture of spindle-shaped cells and histiocyte-like cells, which appeared to be in a storiform pattern. The @entity5 cells were immunohistologically positive for @entity469 and @entity2277 , but negative for @entity4896 and @entity2281 protein. Therefore, the @entity1 was diagnosed with @entity1418 . Although chemotherapy was continued, the @entity1 died of @entity55 during the neutropenic period following chemotherapy. Autopsy revealed systemic invasion of @entity1418 and dissemination of @entity2583 . @entity1222 was not detected histologically in any tissues.

title: Secondary XXXX following refractory langerhans cell histiocytosis.

entities_list: @entity1712 :: ('MESH:D004802', 'Disease') :: ['eosinophilic granuloma']

entities_list: @entity3329 :: ('MESH:D008206', 'Disease') :: ['systemic lymphadenopathy']

entities_list: @entity2583 :: ('MESH:D009091', 'Disease') :: ['mucormycosis']

entities_list: @entity1418 :: ('MESH:D051677', 'Disease') :: ['MFH', 'malignant fibrous histiocytoma']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity1222 :: ('MESH:D006646', 'Disease') :: ['Langerhans cell histiocytosis', 'LCH']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung tumors', 'multiple lung tumors']

entities_list: @entity690 :: ('MESH:D030981', 'Disease') :: ['osteolytic lesions']

entities_list: @entity617 :: ('MESH:D011239', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisolone']

answer: @entity1418 :: (MESH:D051677,Disease) :: ['malignant fibrous histiocytoma']


abstract: @entity1 endoplasmic reticulum oxidoreductin 1-a ( @entity41052 ) is an oxidizing enzyme that exists in the endoplasmic reticulum and its expression is augmented under @entity519 . It regulates a redox state of various kinds of protein through reoxidation of "client" protein @entity1520 isomerase. Interestingly, although the expression of @entity41052 in normal tissues was comparatively limited, various types of @entity5 cells expressed it in large amounts. Therefore, we examined the role of @entity41053 in @entity5 growth using @entity19 @entity0 line 4T1 and found that knockdown of @entity19 @entity41053 inhibited in vivo @entity5 growth and @entity358 compared with wild-type 4T1. Moreover, we investigated the relationship between expression of @entity41052 and prognosis in @entity0 @entity1 . Seventy-one @entity1 with @entity0 who underwent surgery between 2005 and 2006 in Sapporo Medical University Hospital (Sapporo, Japan) were analyzed in this study. Significant differences were found between the @entity41052 -positive group (n = 33) and @entity41052 -negative group (n = 38) in nuclear grade (P < 0.001) and intrinsic subtype (P = 0.021) in univariate analysis. More importantly, in multivariate analysis of disease-free survival by Cox regression, expression of @entity41052 was the only independent prognosis factor (P = 0.035). Finally, in univariate survival analysis, @entity1 positive for @entity41052 had significantly shorter disease-free survival and overall survival than those @entity1 negative for @entity41052 . These findings indicate that the expression of @entity41052 in @entity5 cells is associated with poorer prognosis and thus can be a prognostic factor for @entity1 with @entity0 .

title: @entity1 endoplasmic reticulum oxidoreductin 1-a is a novel predictor for poor prognosis of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Human']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['decreased lung metastasis']

entities_list: @entity1520 :: ('CHEBI:48343', 'Chemical') :: ['disulfide']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Copy number variants (CNVs) associated with @entity146 are increasingly being identified. While the initial reports were relatively specific, i.e. implicating vulnerability for a particular @entity146 , subsequent studies suggested that most of these CNVs can increase the risk for more than one @entity146 . Possibly, the different @entity146 phenotypes associated with a single genetic variant are really distinct phenomena, indicating pleiotropy. Alternatively, seemingly different disorders could represent the same phenotype observed at different developmental stages or the same underlying pathogenesis with different phenotypic expressions. AIMS: To examine the relation between @entity2438 and @entity161 in @entity1 sharing the same @entity471 . METHOD: We interviewed parents of 78 adult @entity1 with the 22q11.2 deletion (22q11.2DS) to examine if @entity2438 during childhood were associated with @entity716 in adulthood. We used Chi-square, T-tests and logistic regression while entering cognitive level, gender and age as covariates. RESULTS: The subgroup of 22q11.2DS @entity1 with probable @entity2438 during childhood did not show an increased risk for @entity716 in adulthood. The average @entity6815 scores were highly similar between those with and those without @entity161 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity2438 and @entity161 associated with 22q11.2DS should be regarded as two unrelated, distinct phenotypic manifestations, consistent with true @entity146 pleiotropy. 22q11.2DS can serve as a model to examine the mechanisms associated with @entity146 pleiotropy associated with other CNVs.

title: Expression of XXXX spectrum and @entity161 in @entity1 with a 22q11.2 deletion.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['neuropsychiatric disorders', 'neuropsychiatric', 'neuropsychiatric disorder']

entities_list: @entity2438 :: ('MESH:D001321', 'Disease') :: ['autistic symptoms', 'autism', 'ASD']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychosis']

answer: @entity2438 :: (MESH:D001321,Disease) :: ['autism']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Complex forms of @entity1211 have defied proper classification and confounded therapy. Through a newly designed multidisciplinary approach, these @entity1211 were properly diagnosed and classified according to the Hamburg classification. Absolute @entity1068 was adopted as a new scleroagent for this complex form of @entity1211 to improve overall treatment results with acceptable morbidity and recurrence rates. @entity1 AND METHODS: Among 318 @entity1 aged 2 months to 60 years (130 @entity1 : mean age, 24.6 years; 188 @entity1 : mean age, 24.5 years), 143 @entity1 were confirmed as having @entity1211 predominantly (45%). We conducted diagnostic evaluation with magnetic resonance imaging, whole body blood pool scan, duplex scans, transarterial microalbumin lung scans, air plethysmography, bone x-ray film, and angiography. Thirty of 143 @entity1 were indicated for the absolute @entity1068 sclerotherapy for the complex form of @entity1211 , and they completed 98 sessions of multistage therapy with direct puncture technique. Follow-up assessment (minimum, 6 months; average, 10.2 months) was made as early results after completion of therapy. RESULTS: The immediate success rate at the completion of treatment through 98 sessions on 30 @entity1 was 92% (90/98). The reason for the failure of 8% (8/98 sessions) was mainly due to the lesion's inaccessibility to the nidus to deliver the @entity167 safely. On follow-up assessment available on 28 of 30 @entity1 , overall improvement of the lesions with good to fair response on clinical assessment was obtained in 27 (96%) of 28 @entity1 . Similar good to fair responses were obtained on whole body blood pool scan assessment (14 [93%] of 15 @entity1 ) and also on magnetic resonance imaging assessment (12 [93%] of 13 @entity1 ). Various major to minor acute complications developed during the procedure in eight (26.7%) of 30 @entity1 through 16 (16.3%) of 98 sessions of the therapy: @entity63 , tissue @entity82 , @entity1150 , @entity1151 , @entity1897 , and @entity120 . All 24 incidences of complication were successfully managed with full recovery except one case of permanent @entity3030 that was present during 18 months of follow-up. No single recurrence has been detected to date. CONCLUSION: Absolute @entity1068 sclerotherapy alone can deliver excellent results in complex forms of @entity1211 with considerable but acceptable morbidity and may be able to reduce the morbidity involved with the conventional surgical therapy alone on complex forms of @entity1211 . No recurrence or deterioration of the therapy results was observed during the follow-up period (average, 10.2 months) after the completion of multistaged therapy.

title: New experiences with absolute @entity1068 sclerotherapy in the management of a complex form of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'PATIENTS', 'men']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity3030 :: ('MESH:D020427', 'Disease') :: ['peroneal nerve palsy']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic bullae']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity120 :: ('MESH:D006976', 'Disease') :: ['temporary pulmonary hypertension']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary embolism']

entities_list: @entity1150 :: ('MESH:D020246', 'Disease') :: ['deep venous thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral nerve palsy']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['congenital venous malformation', 'venous malformation', 'venous malformations', 'venous defects']

answer: @entity1211 :: (MESH:D054556,Disease) :: ['congenital venous malformation']


abstract: The global average temperature has witnessed a steady increase during the second half of the twentieth century and the trend is continuing. @entity544 , a major green house gas is piling up in the atmosphere and besides causing global warming, is expected to alter the physico-chemical composition of plants. The objective of this work was to evaluate the hypothesis that increased @entity515 in the air is causing undesirable changes in the nutritional composition of @entity523 fruits. Two varieties of @entity523 ( @entity523 ) were grown in ambient (400  mol mol(-1)) and elevated (1,000  mol mol(-1)) concentration of @entity515 under controlled conditions. The fruits were harvested at premature and fully matured stages and analyzed for yield, proximate composition, elemental concentration, @entity844 , and @entity620 contents. The amount of @entity3363 increased significantly under the enhanced @entity515 conditions. The amount of crude protein and @entity620 , two important nutritional parameters, decreased substantially. @entity844 content showed a mild decrease with a slight increase in crude fiber. Understandably, the effect of enhanced atmospheric @entity515 was more pronounced at the fully matured stage. Mineral contents of the fruit samples changed in an irregular fashion. @entity523 fruit has been traditionally a source of @entity620 , under the experimental conditions, a negative impact of enhanced @entity515 on this source of @entity620 was observed. The nutritional quality of both varieties of @entity523 has altered under the @entity515 enriched atmosphere.

title: The impact of enhanced atmospheric @entity544 on yield, proximate composition, elemental concentration, @entity844 and @entity620 contents of XXXX ( @entity523 ).

entities_list: @entity844 :: ('CHEBI:35366', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acid', 'Fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity620 :: ('MESH:D001205', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin C']

entities_list: @entity523 :: ('4081', 'Species') :: ['tomato', 'Lycopersicon esculentum', 'Tomato']

entities_list: @entity544 :: ('MESH:D002245', 'Chemical') :: ['Carbon dioxide']

entities_list: @entity3363 :: ('MESH:D002241', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrates']

answer: @entity523 :: (4081,Species) :: ['tomato']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Intramedullary @entity279 are rare @entity5 , occurring sporadically or in @entity280 . METHODS: We describe our local surgical experience with @entity279 . Clinical, imaging and surgical data from five consecutive @entity279 cases identified from a series of 59 @entity1 with @entity5 treated between 2003-2009 are reviewed. RESULTS: The mean age of the @entity1 was 39.6 years (range 21- 56). All of them were symptomatic and two @entity1 had @entity280 with associated posterior fossa @entity279 . All @entity5 were preoperatively diagnosed as @entity279 based on magnetic resonance findings. All @entity1 underwent surgery with complete removal of the @entity5 in 4 cases and a partial removal in a case with extension towards the anterior part of the cord. Good neurological outcome was noted in four cases while in the fifth, complicated with a significant intraoperative @entity548 , a fully reversible aggravation of neurological status occurred. CONCLUSIONS: @entity279 are surgically curable @entity5 . Microsurgical complete resection is the standard of care and can be performed with good neurological outcome in most of the cases. @entity5 location and important intraoperative @entity548 are associated with less optimal outcome.

title: Intramedullary XXXX - local experience of a tertiary clinic.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity279 :: ('MESH:D018325', 'Disease') :: ['Spinal cord hemangioblastomas', 'hemangioblastomas', 'intramedullary hemangioblastomas', 'hemangioblastoma']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage', 'bleeding']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors', 'Ventral tumor', 'benign tumors', 'intramedullary tumors']

entities_list: @entity280 :: ('MESH:D006623', 'Disease') :: ['von Hippel- Lindau disease', 'von Hippel-Lindau disease']

answer: @entity279 :: (MESH:D018325,Disease) :: ['hemangioblastoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Essential @entity400 (ET) and @entity191 ( @entity191 ) are probably the most common @entity717 . As ethnic differences have been reported in ET, we designed the present study to evaluate the prevalence of ET and that of @entity191 ( @entity191 ) in the Druze villages of northern Israel. METHODS: A two-phase, door-to-door survey was undertaken. Residents aged >= 51 years who agreed to participate and answered "yes" to @entity400 or @entity191 -related screening questions and 3% of subjects who screened negative were evaluated. Diagnostic criteria for ET were similar to those used in Sicilian and Spanish studies. @entity191 was diagnosed according to Gelb's criteria. RESULTS: The target population consisted of 9,086, the study cohort of 3,980 residents. @entity400 was observed in 36 subjects. In 27, the @entity400 fully met the criteria for ET. The prevalence of ET (age >= 65) was 1.49% (95% CI 0.91-2.07%). @entity191 was diagnosed in 23 subjects. The prevalence of @entity191 (age >= 65) was 1.13 (95% CI 0.62-1.64%). @entity368 -rich repeat protein kinase 2 ( @entity15102 mutation) was evaluated in subjects diagnosed with @entity400 @entity191 and those screened for assessment of the validity of the questionnaire. None carried the mutation. DISCUSSION: The prevalence of ET in the Druze population is low and similar to the prevalence of @entity191 .

title: Essential XXXX Prevalence is Low in the Druze Population in Northern Israel.

entities_list: @entity368 :: ('CHEBI:25017', 'Chemical') :: ['Leucine']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease", 'PD']

entities_list: @entity400 :: ('MESH:D014202', 'Disease') :: ['Tremor', 'tremor']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['movement disorders']

answer: @entity400 :: (MESH:D014202,Disease) :: ['Tremor']


abstract: PURPOSE: The validity and clinical significance of dipole modeling in @entity302 surgery candidates is not fully established. @entity1 AND METHODS: Interictal and ictal dipole modeling was performed in 43 @entity1 with refractory @entity410 ( @entity410 ) and @entity2526 demonstrated with optimum magnetic resonance imaging (MRI: space-occupying, n = 15; @entity3202 , n = 26; @entity6349 , n = 2). Video-EEG monitoring showed @entity410 in all @entity1 . In 12 @entity1 , additional intracranial EEG monitoring demonstrated hippocampal @entity410 onset in 11 @entity1 and medial occipital ictal onset in 1. RESULTS: Spatiotemporal dipole mapping of averaged interictal spikes and epochs of early ictal discharges revealed two distinct dipole patterns. @entity1 with lesions located in the medial (+/-lateral) temporal lobe (n = 34) and medial occipital lobe (n = 1) uniformly presented a combined interictal dipole that consisted of a radial and a tangential component with a high degree of elevation relative to the axial plane. Eight of 9 @entity1 with @entity75 had a less stable dipole with a predominant radial component. Ictal dipole modeling identified the ictal onset zone correctly as compared with intracranial EEG recordings from bilateral hippocampal depth electrodes. Ictal dipoles showed a striking correspondence with the interictal dipoles in individual @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Interictal and ictal dipole mapping provided additional, reliable, and relevant localizing information in surgical candidates for refractory @entity410 . Ictal dipole analysis may limit the number of @entity1 who require intracranial electrodes.

title: Dipole modeling in XXXX surgery candidates.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'complex partial seizures', 'CPS']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['extratemporal lesions']

entities_list: @entity2526 :: ('MESH:D025063', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial structural abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity6349 :: ('MESH:D004416', 'Disease') :: ['dysplastic']

answer: @entity302 :: (MESH:D004827,Disease) :: ['epilepsy']


abstract: The respiratory epithelium of 8, 12.5 and 17.5-month-old @entity329 was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and routine light microscopy (LM) of paraplast sections. In selected cases, SEM-specimens were embedded in Epon after SEM evaluation. The samples were cut in semithin sections and examined by light microscopy. The density of ciliated cells in the respiratory epithelium differs from hamster to hamster. Care must, therefore, be taken when diagnosing simple @entity4648 by SEM alone unless a sufficient number of damaged cilia are present. Only 1 animal (8 months old) exhibited squamous @entity4648 of the tracheal mucosa. However, surface polymorphism resembling squamous @entity4648 was seen in almost every specimen. The polymorphism was caused by either submucosal @entity730 or by cystic changes of @entity1184 . In addition, variously formed aggregations of mucus were seen protruding from duct openings of @entity1184 . To avoid false positive or negative diagnosis which can occur when screening is done by SEM alone, light-microscopical examination of sections cut from SEM identified lesions appears necessary.

title: Spontaneous lesions in the respiratory epithelium of the XXXX as seen by scanning electron microscopy.

entities_list: @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['calcifications']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophic submucosal glands']

entities_list: @entity4648 :: ('MESH:D008679', 'Disease') :: ['metaplasia']

entities_list: @entity329 :: ('10036', 'Species') :: ['Syrian golden hamsters']

answer: @entity329 :: (10036,Species) :: ['Syrian golden hamster']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Neonates undergoing surgery are at risk for uncontrolled inflammatory response and adverse clinical outcomes. @entity4600 ( @entity4601 ) ameliorates @entity32 , improving clinical outcomes. However, its effect has not been evaluated in neonates undergoing surgery. We evaluated the effect of @entity4601 on markers of @entity32 and clinical outcomes in neonates undergoing surgery. METHODS: A double-blind clinical trial evaluated the effect of enteral @entity4601 ( @entity4601 group) versus sunflower oil (SO group) perioperatively administered in neonates scheduled for cardiovascular surgery. @entity32 was evaluated by percentage of cells+ for cytokines and @entity7986 in mononuclear cells at baseline, 24 h and 7 days post surgery. Clinical outcomes measured were @entity295 , @entity881 ( @entity881 ), length of stay in intensive care and @entity548 . Repeated measures analysis of variance and logistic regression were applied. RESULTS: Sixteen neonates received @entity4601 and 18 received SO. Cells+ from neonates in the @entity4601 group showed an early increase in receptor antagonist of interleukin (IL)-1+ ( @entity1193 +) and @entity688 + and a late decrease in @entity650 +. @entity1356 + and @entity688 + changes were different between groups. After adjusting for confounders, less cells from @entity4601 group were @entity1356 +, @entity650 +, @entity1193 + and @entity688 +. @entity4601 group presented @entity295 , @entity881 and shorter stay, but no difference in @entity7986 +CD4+ cells or @entity548 between groups. CONCLUSIONS: Administration of enteral @entity4601 ameliorates markers of @entity32 and improves clinical outcomes in surgical neonates.

title: Beneficial Effects of Enteral @entity4600 on the Markers of XXXX and Clinical Outcomes of Neonates Undergoing Cardiovascular Surgery: An Intervention Study.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['Inflammation', 'inflammation']

entities_list: @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['sepsis', 'less sepsis']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity4600 :: ('CHEBI:28125', 'Chemical') :: ['Docosahexaenoic acid']

entities_list: @entity881 :: ('MESH:D009102', 'Disease') :: ['ODs', 'organ dysfunctions']

answer: @entity32 :: (MESH:D007249,Disease) :: ['Inflammation']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Severe @entity130 increase @entity1 ' metabolic needs. Aggressive high-protein enteral feeding is used in the post-burn period to improve recovery and healing. OBJECTIVES: To examine the evidence for improved clinical outcomes in burn @entity1 treated with high- @entity1735 , high-protein, low-fat enteral feeds (high- @entity1735 enteral feeds) compared with those treated with low- @entity1735 , high-protein, high-fat enteral enteral feeds (high-fat enteral feeds). SEARCH METHODS: We searched the Cochrane Injuries Group Specialised Register (searched 28 Nov 2011), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (The Cochrane Library 2011, Issue 4), MEDLINE (Ovid) 1950 to Nov (Week 3) 2011, EMBASE (Ovid), ISI Web of Science: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED) (1970 to Nov 2011), ISI Web of Science: Conference Proceedings Citation Index-Science ( @entity21260 -S) (1990 to Nov 2011), PubMed (Searched 28 Nov 2011). Online trials registers and conference proceedings were also searched to April 2010. SELECTION CRITERIA: We included all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing high- @entity1735 enteral feeds to high-fat enteral feeds for treatment of @entity1 with 10% or greater total body surface area (TBSA) burns in the immediate post-burn period, with data for at least one of the pre-specified outcomes. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two authors collected and analysed the following data: mortality, incidence of @entity55 and days on ventilator. Meta-analysis could only be performed for the outcomes mortality and incidence of @entity55 . A random-effects model was used for all comparisons. MAIN RESULTS: Two RCTs, reporting results from 93 @entity1 , were included in this review. @entity1 given a high- @entity1735 feeding formula had an odds ratio (OR) of 0.12 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.04 to 0.39) for developing @entity55 compared to @entity1 given a high-fat enteral formula (P value = 0.0004). @entity1 given a high- @entity1735 formula had an OR of 0.36 (95% CI 0.11 to 1.15) for risk of @entity204 compared to @entity1 given a high-fat enteral formula; this difference did not reach statistical significance (P value = 0.08). Risk of bias in these studies was assessed as high and moderate. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: The available evidence suggests that use of high- @entity1735 , high-protein, low-fat enteral feeds in @entity1 with at least 10% TBSA burns might reduce the incidence of @entity55 compared with use of a low- @entity1735 , high-protein, high-fat diet. The available evidence is inconclusive regarding the effect of either enteral feeding regimen on mortality. Note that the available evidence is limited to two small studies judged to be of moderate risk of bias. Further research is needed in this area before strong conclusions can be drawn.

title: High- XXXX , high-protein, low-fat versus low- @entity1735 , high-protein, high-fat enteral feeds for burns.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['burn injuries']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

answer: @entity1735 :: (CHEBI:16646,Chemical) :: ['carbohydrate']


abstract: RATIONALE: @entity17211 correlates with several @entity301 ( @entity301 ) risk factors. However, it is unknown whether @entity1254 is causally implicated in @entity301 pathogenesis. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to investigate the causal effect of @entity1254 on @entity301 risk. METHODS AND RESULTS: We undertook a Mendelian randomization study using data from genome-wide association studies consortia. We used the ADIPOGen consortium to identify genetic variants that could be used as instrumental variables for the effect of @entity1254 . Data on the association of these genetic variants with @entity301 risk were obtained from CARDIoGRAM (22   233 @entity301 cases and 64   762 controls of European ancestry) and from CARDIoGRAMplusC4D Metabochip (63   746 cases and 130   681 controls;     91% of European ancestry) consortia. Data on the association of genetic variants with @entity1254 levels and with @entity301 were combined to estimate the influence of blood @entity1254 on @entity301 risk. In the conservative approach (restricted to using variants within the @entity1254 gene as instrumental variables), each 1 U increase in log blood @entity1254 concentration was associated with an odds ratio for @entity301 of 0.83 (95% confidence interval, 0.68-1.01) in CARDIoGRAM and 0.97 (95% confidence interval, 0.84-1.12) in CARDIoGRAMplusC4D Metabochip. Findings from the liberal approach (including variants in any locus across the genome) indicated a protective effect of @entity1254 that was attenuated to the null after adjustment for known @entity301 predictors. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, our findings do not support a causal role of @entity1254 levels in @entity301 pathogenesis.

title: Role of XXXX in Coronary Heart Disease Risk: A Mendelian Randomization Study.

entities_list: @entity17211 :: ('MESH:C567258', 'Disease') :: ['Hypoadiponectinemia']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary heart disease', 'CHD']

answer: @entity1254 :: (9370,Gene) :: ['Adiponectin']


abstract: The role of cholinergic neurons in central cardiovascular regulation is not well understood, however, activation of brain cholinergic neurons in several species evokes a @entity101 response. As with central cholinergic stimulation, intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of substance @entity10133 ) elicits a pressor response in unanesthetized @entity35 . The purpose of this study was to determine whether the cardiovascular effects following i.c.v. injection of this neuropeptide are mediated by central cholinergic neurons. Therefore, the cardiovascular response to sP was examined in control @entity35 , and in animals pretreated centrally with classical pre- and post-synaptic cholinergic antagonists. Drugs were administered directly into the lateral ventricle while @entity35 were freely-moving in their home cages. I.c.v. injection of sP produced a dose - dependent increase in arterial pressure and heart rate. The @entity101 response was significantly reduced by pretreatment with @entity11348 . This dose (20 ug) of @entity11348 is capable of producing a maximal depletion of brain @entity934 levels. The increase in heart rate to substance P was not as sensitive to @entity11348 pretreatment as was blood pressure. Central pretreatment with the nicotinic receptor antagonist, @entity4033 was more effective than the muscarinic antagonist, @entity3897 in blocking the pressor response to sP. Hexamethonium did not significantly alter the tachycardic response to the peptide, but @entity3897 produced a small, but significant reduction in the response. Therefore, the pressor response to central injection of sP may be mediated to a large extent through cholinergic pathways involving nicotinic receptors.

title: Cholinergic neurons and the cardiovascular response produced by central injection of substance P in the normotensive XXXX .

entities_list: @entity4033 :: ('MESH:D018738', 'Chemical') :: ['hexamethonium']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity3897 :: ('MESH:D001285', 'Chemical') :: ['atropine']

entities_list: @entity11348 :: ('MESH:D006426', 'Chemical') :: ['hemicholinium-3']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: Introduction The aim of this study was to review a single institution's experience with surgical interventions in @entity1 with @entity1318 and to determine treatment strategies for this @entity395 . @entity1 and methods This study is a retrospective analysis of 22 cases of childhood @entity1318 from 1991 to 2013. The @entity1 were evaluated in terms of age, symptoms, interventions, intraoperative complications, and recurrent @entity1282 . Results There were 13 @entity1 and nine @entity1 (7 months to 17 years old). The clinical symptoms were @entity391 (68%), @entity1282 (36%), wheezing (18%), coughing (13%), and weight-loss (13%). The mean duration of symptoms was 2.4 years (1 month to 6 years). A barium contrast X- @entity16039 study was performed in all of the @entity1 . Oesophageal manometry was performed in eight @entity1 . Six @entity1 underwent multiple oesophageal dilatations (ED) as a first intervention. A Heller myotomy (HM) and fundoplication were performed in all the @entity1 except two @entity1 who recovered with dilatation. In the long term, one @entity1 had a stricture due to the operation and had to undergo a reoperation. Of the Heller myotomy @entity1 , one had a recurrent stricture that responded to dilatation. No other complications were present. All the @entity1 are now asymptomatic. Conclusion Early diagnosis and prompt surgical treatment is important to prevent @entity851 in childhood @entity1318 cases. A Heller myotomy followed by a partial anti-reflux procedure is an effective treatment for @entity1318 in @entity1 . Based on our experience, it is superior to oesophageal dilatation therapy.

title: Early myotomy and fundoplication in XXXX in childhood: a single-centre experience for 22 years.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'girls', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity1318 :: ('MESH:D004931', 'Disease') :: ['achalasia']

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['growth impairment']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['dysphagia']

entities_list: @entity395 :: ('MESH:D035583', 'Disease') :: ['rare disorder']

answer: @entity1318 :: (MESH:D004931,Disease) :: ['achalasia']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and T regulatory cells (Tregs) have been associated with prognosis in @entity43 , but their prognostic significance in ascites has not been studied. We performed a prospective study of T lymphocytes isolated from ascites from @entity1 with @entity43 and we compared them with the respective populations in blood and @entity5 . METHODS: Mononuclear cells from ascites (n=71) and blood were isolated by Ficoll, while @entity5 lymphocytes (n=20) were obtained upon mechanical dissociation. Phenotypic analysis was performed with flow cytometry. Ascites from 10 @entity1 with @entity82 was used as control. RESULTS: Tregs containing @entity404 (+) @entity2902 (+) cells, NK-T containing CD3(+) @entity2940 (+) cells and @entity7986 and HLADR expression of @entity404 and @entity405 lymphocytes were significantly increased in @entity5 ascites compared to blood and control ascites. A selective accumulation of these populations in the ascites of @entity5 @entity1 , was suggested by the significantly higher ascites/blood (A/B) ratios in @entity5 @entity1 but not controls. @entity5 cell content in ascites was correlated with @entity404 (+) @entity2902 (+), @entity404 (+) @entity7986 (+), @entity404 (+)HLADR(+) and @entity405 (+) @entity7986 (+) cells. There was no correlation of lymphocyte populations between ascites and samples from peritoneal metastases. Higher @entity5 grade was associated with increased A/B @entity404 (+) @entity2902 (+) ratio and reduced CD3(+) @entity2940 (+) cells, while @entity902 resistance was associated with reduced A/B CD3(+) @entity2940 (+) ratio. CONCLUSIONS: There are significant differences of CD3(+) @entity2940 (+) and @entity2902 (+) @entity404 (+) lymphocytes and increase in lymphocyte activation between blood, ascites and peritoneal metastases from @entity1 with @entity43 . The selective accumulation of CD3(+) @entity2940 (+) population in ascites may be a predictive factor for @entity902 resistance.

title: Significant differences of lymphocytes isolated from ascites of @entity1 with @entity43 compared to blood and @entity5 lymphocytes. Association of CD3+ XXXX + cells with @entity902 resistance.

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian carcinoma', 'ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['platinum']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'Cancer', 'tumors']

answer: @entity2940 :: (4684,Gene) :: ['CD56']


abstract: Co-occurring substance @entity734 is common among @entity1 with @entity161 , and its presence greatly worsens the course of @entity161 . A number of theories have been introduced to explain the increased rate of substance @entity734 in these @entity1 . These theories include the notion that substance use could trigger psychotic symptoms in vulnerable individuals and the idea that the substances are used to self-medicate symptoms of @entity161 . Our group and others have advanced a neurobiological hypothesis to explain this comorbidity-that a mesocorticolimbic brain reward circuit underlies the substance @entity734 in @entity1 with @entity161 . Treatment of substance @entity734 in these @entity1 is best done with integrated treatment programs that combine psychosocial interventions with pharmacotherapy. Recent data suggest that the atypical antipsychotic @entity1088 and perhaps other atypical agents may lessen substance use in @entity1 with @entity161 . My colleagues and I have proposed that @entity1088 's effect in these @entity1 may be related to its ability to decrease the brain reward circuit dysfunction. Research is continuing on the use of atypical antipsychotics in @entity1 with @entity161 and comorbid substance abuse. The adjunctive use of @entity836 or other agents also may be helpful. Further research on the optimal pharmacologic approach to @entity1 with dual diagnosis is needed.

title: Treatment of XXXX and comorbid substance abuse: pharmacologic approaches.

entities_list: @entity1088 :: ('MESH:D003024', 'Chemical') :: ['clozapine']

entities_list: @entity836 :: ('MESH:D009271', 'Chemical') :: ['naltrexone']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['use disorder']

answer: @entity161 :: (MESH:D012559,Disease) :: ['schizophrenia']


abstract: PURPOSE: We aimed to identify the effect of @entity417 on oncologic outcomes in @entity1 with upper tract @entity189 (UTUC) who had different levels of renal function. METHODS: Between 2000 and 2013, we enrolled 370 @entity1 who underwent radical nephroureterectomy for nonmetastatic UTUC. @entity417 was defined as hemoglobin <130g/l in @entity1 and <120g/l in @entity1 based on the World Health Organization classification. Kaplan-Meier method was applied to estimate the @entity417 and other clinicopathological parameters were evaluated by Cox regression model. The analyses were also performed in @entity1 with different @entity740 ( @entity740 ) stages. RESULTS: In all, 242 (65.4%) @entity1 were anemic before surgery. Those with @entity417 had worse @entity740 stage (P<0.001) and higher pathological @entity5 stage (P = 0.023). In univariate analysis, @entity3 -free and @entity5 -specific survival rates were not significantly associated with @entity417 (HR = 1.51, 95% CI: 0.93-2.44, P = 0.093 and HR = 1.59, 95% CI: 0.93-2.72, PP = 0.094, respectively). However, in @entity1 without stage 5 @entity740 , those with @entity417 had apparently inferior @entity3 -free and @entity5 -specific survival than those without (HR = 1.88, 95% CI: 1.14-3.01, P = 0.014 and HR = 2.03, 95% CI: 1.16-3.56, P = 0.010, respectively). A multivariate Cox proportional hazards model indicated that @entity417 was an independent predictor for both @entity3 -free (HR = 2.17, 95% CI: 1.21-3.90, P = 0.010) and @entity5 -specific survival (HR = 2.21, 95% CI: 1.15-4.21, P = 0.017). CONCLUSIONS: Among @entity1 without stage 5 @entity740 , @entity417 was a significant prognostic factor to predict metastatic progression and @entity5 in UTUC following radical nephroureterectomy. It was important to be aware of @entity1 *  renal function while evaluating the effect of @entity417 on outcome of UTUC.

title: Is @entity417 a risk factor for upper tract XXXX following radical nephroureterectomy?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity417 :: ('MESH:D000740', 'Disease') :: ['preoperative anemia', 'effect anemia on survival, and hazard ratios (HR) of anemia', 'Preoperative anemia', 'anemia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'cancer-specific death']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['urothelial carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['CKD', 'chronic kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['urothelial carcinoma']


abstract: A surplus of @entity1496 taken through drugs or food can cause a functional @entity1374 , especially if there are pre-existent alterations in the gland. The case described of a young @entity1 with a @entity1496 -induced @entity1375 without goitre due to an excessive trans-cutaneous/trans-mucous absorption of @entity1496 in sea-bath salts. The @entity1 , aged 32, showed a symptomatology characterized by asthenia, ponderal increase, @entity1142 and bradypsychia. The thyroid appears normal after echography and scintigraphy. Iodized sea-bath salts have been used for three months in a hot water bath for a slimming effect. A complete regression is noticed with their suspension after one year. An excessive supply of @entity1496 can even if rarely cause a @entity1375 with/without goitre, because of an intrinsic defect in the mechanism of the organic link which permits a persistent Wolff-Chaickoff effect. A genetic predisposition is supposed and also a higher frequency in @entity1 with a preceding @entity1374 , @entity2743 or @entity2621 . Particular attention should be given to a differential diagnosis in case of @entity1375 in young @entity1 with a normal thyroid and negative antibodies. It is clear that a careful pharmacological anamnesis is essential as well as a careful anamnesis on the way of life.

title: [A particular case of @entity1496 -induced XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'woman', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1375 :: ('MESH:D007037', 'Disease') :: ['hypothyroidism']

entities_list: @entity2743 :: ('MESH:D006111', 'Disease') :: ['Basedow disease']

entities_list: @entity2621 :: ('MESH:D050031', 'Disease') :: ['Hashimoto disease']

entities_list: @entity1142 :: ('MESH:D003248', 'Disease') :: ['constipation']

entities_list: @entity1374 :: ('MESH:D013959', 'Disease') :: ['thyroiditis', 'thyroidal deficiency']

answer: @entity1375 :: (MESH:D007037,Disease) :: ['hypothyroidism']


abstract: PURPOSE: Functional outcome after low anterior resection for @entity5 is improved by the construction of a @entity694 . One disadvantage of this type of reconstruction is evacuation difficulty, which has been associated with large pouches. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the causes of evacuation difficulty in large pouches using pouchography. METHODS: The angle between the longitudinal axis of the pouch and the horizontal line (pouch-horizontal angle) on lateral pouchography was determined in 26 @entity1 with 10-cm J-pouch reconstructions (10-J group) and 27 @entity1 with 5-cm J-pouch reconstructions (5-J group). Measurement were made at three months, one year, and two years after surgery. Clinical function was evaluated using a questionnaire one year postoperatively. RESULTS: The pouch-horizontal angle in the 10-J group was significantly smaller than that in the 5-J group at all three time points. In both groups the pouch-horizontal angle at one year was significantly smaller than that at three months. There were no significant differences between the pouch-horizontal angles at one and two years. An evacuation difficulty was significantly more common in the 10-J group than the 5-J group. CONCLUSIONS: The evacuation difficulty observed in @entity1 with large @entity694 reconstructions may be attributed to the development of a horizontal inclination within one year of surgery.

title: Horizontal inclination of the longitudinal axis of the XXXX : defining causes of evacuation difficulty.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['rectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colonic J-pouch']

answer: @entity694 :: (MESH:D003110,Disease) :: ['colonic J-pouch']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To assess the demographics, efficacy and safety of @entity4831 flushing fertility treatment. DESIGN: Prospective observational study. SETTING: Secondary level care @entity249 clinic and radiology centre based in Auckland, New Zealand. POPULATION: The first cohort of 100 New Zealand @entity1 with @entity249 to undergo @entity4831 flushing as an innovative fertility treatment. METHODS: @entity1 received @entity4831 flushing performed by a hysterosalpingogram technique and were followed up at 6 months. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Clinical pregnancy at 6 months post-treatment; and live birth or ongoing pregnancy. RESULTS: The overall pregnancy rate was 30% and the live birth or ongoing pregnancy rate 27%. For @entity1 under 40 years old, a 32% pregnancy rate and a 25% live birth or ongoing pregnancy rate were seen in @entity1 with @entity249 , and a 50% pregnancy rate and a 47% live birth or ongoing pregnancy rate were seen in @entity1 with @entity46 . Of @entity1 aged 40 years and older, the pregnancy rate was 13% and the live birth or ongoing pregnancy rate was 13%. The pregnancy rates included those occurring after additional interventions, such as intrauterine insemination and in vitro fertilisation, accounting for 12 of the 30 pregnancies. There were no treatment complications. CONCLUSION: This study provides further evidence of the efficacy and safety of @entity4831 flushing fertility treatment.

title: After the FLUSH trial: a prospective observational study of @entity4831 flushing as an innovative treatment for unexplained and XXXX -related @entity249 .

entities_list: @entity249 :: ('MESH:D007246', 'Disease') :: ['infertility', 'unexplained infertility']

entities_list: @entity4831 :: ('MESH:D004998', 'Chemical') :: ['lipiodol']

entities_list: @entity46 :: ('MESH:D004715', 'Disease') :: ['endometriosis']

answer: @entity46 :: (MESH:D004715,Disease) :: ['endometriosis']


abstract: 1. In the presence of 10(-5) to 10 (-8) M @entity6320 ( @entity6320 ) the membrane potential of thallus cells of the aquatic @entity42721 Riccia fluitans responds to changes of the external pH between 5.5 and 8.3. This occurs in the light and dark, and also if respiration is abolished by addition of 10(-4) M KCN and 10 (-5) M @entity33904 . 2. The @entity855 -level of the thallus is reduced, independently of the external pH, by greter than or equal to 10 (-6) M CCCP to 30--40% of the control level of about 1.1 nmol @entity855 per mg dryweight within 5 min. 3. Upon addition of 10 (-4) M CCCP at 20 degrees C the @entity855 -level declines exponentially with a half time of about 20--30 s, whereas the membrane potential declines exponentially with a half time of about 2--3 s. 4. At pH 7.2 the electrical membrane conductance yields a sigmoid curve as a function of the logarithm of the CCCP concentration between 10 (-8) and 3 - 10 (-6) M. On the other hand, at 3 - 10(-7) M M CCCP the gm (electrical slope conductance, muS - cm-2 = 10 (-6)-omega-1-cm-2) versus pH-curve displays an optimum between pH 6.5 and 7.5. 5. We conclude that CCCP acts upon membrane potential and conductance in Riccia predominantly by inducing a passive proton permeability of the cell membrane, i.e. CCCP raises the permeability ratio, PH/PK, more than 100-fold above its control level of about 10.

title: A study of the primary effect of the uncoupler XXXX on membrane potential and conductance in Riccia fluitans.

entities_list: @entity33904 :: ('MESH:C005703', 'Chemical') :: ['salicyl-hydroxamic acid']

entities_list: @entity6320 :: ('MESH:D002258', 'Chemical') :: ['CCCP', 'carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone']

answer: @entity6320 :: (MESH:D002258,Chemical) :: ['carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Certain @entity3917 ( @entity3917 ) have become popular in fish farming beacause of a promoting effect on growth and reproduction. However, little information is available on innate immune responses in related tissues under @entity3917 conditions. The present study assessed the effects of a white fluorescent bulb (the control) and two different light-emitting diodes ( @entity3917 : blue, LDB, peak at 450  nm; red, LDR, 630  nm) on growth and innate immune responses in the serum, liver and ovary of @entity3392 for 8 weeks. LDB significantly enhanced specific growth rate (SGR), food intake (FI), and serum globulin levels. In contrast, LDR sharply inhibited SGR, FI, and the levels of albumin and globulin. Under LDB condition, there was an increase in protein levels of alkaline phophatase (AKP) and protein and activity levels of @entity38299 ( @entity38299 ) in the liver, and the levels of mRNA, protein, and activity of @entity38299 in the ovary. Under LDR condition, @entity38299 was dramatically down-regulated at mRNA, protein and activity levels in the ovary, suggesting that @entity38299 was regulated at a transcriptional level. In the liver of the LDR group, though AKP mRNA levels sharply increased, its protein and activity levels significantly declined, indicating that AKP was regulated at translational level. Furthermore, a positive correlation between transcription factor NF-kB @entity38300 mRNA levels and expression levels of AKP and @entity38299 was observed in the liver and ovary, implying a transcriptional regulation of NF-kB @entity38300 . In conclusion, the present study demonstrated a positive effect of LDB and negative effect of LDR on fish growth and innate immune responses, possibly associated with modifications at transcriptional, translational, and post-translational levels, and the transcriptional regulation of the NF-kB signaling molecule.

title: Positive and negative innate immune responses in @entity3392 under XXXX conditions.

entities_list: @entity3917 :: ('MESH:D020795', 'Disease') :: ['light emitting diodes', 'LEDs']

answer: @entity3917 :: (MESH:D020795,Disease) :: ['light emitting diodes']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity5 is the commonest @entity135 in Tunisia treated with radiotherapy. A dose effect relationship is established in this @entity5 . The aim of this study is to describe our Low-dose-rate endocavitary brachytherapy using a personalized mold called Tunis applicator. @entity1 AND METHODS: Seven @entity1 (4 males and 3 females) with histologically confirmed undifferentiated @entity189 (UCNT) were treated between 2002 and 2005. Five @entity1 with primary @entity5 and 2 with recurrent disease received external beam radiation followed by endocavitary brachytherapy. The mean applied dose of endocavitary brachytherapy was 5.5 Gy for primary site after external beam radiation (70-74 Gy) and 30 Gy for recurrent disease after external beam radiation (38 Gy). We have developed a personalized applicator with a balloon to optimize the placement of sources and a better conformity using the computer tomography scanning. Critical normal structures were identified on orthogonal radiographs and the dose was optimized to avoid excessive doses to these structures. RESULTS: With a follow up of 18 months (8-41), only one local failure was observed, 3 years after external beam radiation therapy for a recurrent disease. Moderate grade @entity33 was seen in most @entity1 . One @entity1 was diagnosed with bulb @entity39 . CONCLUSION: Endobrachytherapy can provide effective treatment for @entity189 with an easy application of the brachytherapy procedure.

title: Brachytherapy for primary and recurrent XXXX : treatment techniques and results.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck cancer']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'Nasopharyngeal cancer']

entities_list: @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['mucositis']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['nasopharyngeal carcinoma']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['nasopharyngeal carcinoma']


abstract: @entity715 of deep cerebral veins is a rare condition, and is associated with a poor prognosis. We report four new cases observed between 1994 and 1997. All four cases were @entity1 , aged less than 45 years. Initial symptoms associated alteration of consciousness, change in mental status, progressive @entity10 and @entity391 . We observed also uni or bilateral signs of long tract injury. In three cases, diagnosis initially suspected by CT scan was confirmed with encephalic MRI. For the last @entity1 , conventional angiography was needed. @entity715 affected straight sinus, vein of Galien and internal cerebral veins in all @entity1 . Basilar veins were also affected in one @entity1 , without dural sinuses extension. Lateral sinus was involved in two others cases, and superior sagittal in the last @entity1 . Etiology remains undetermined in one @entity1 , associated with post-partum, use of oral contraceptive pill, and familial @entity4889 , one case each. Outcome was favorable in all four cases with anticoagulation therapy. Precocity of diagnosis is determinant and MRI is usefull in this issue. These observations show that evolution of deep veins @entity715 can be favorable, without needing fibrinolytic therapy.

title: [ XXXX of deep cerebral veins in form adults: clinical features and diagnostic approach].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4889 :: ('MESH:D018455', 'Disease') :: ['protein S deficiency']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis', 'Thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

answer: @entity715 :: (MESH:D013927,Disease) :: ['Thrombosis']


abstract: @entity6741 synthetic defects are uncommon disorders that cause progressive @entity409 that is often lethal in infancy or early childhood. Five specific primary defects have been described. Diagnosis is based on mass spectrometry of urine and serum. Pathogenesis of @entity99 is related to persistent reduction in levels of normal @entity3645 and accumulation of abnormal, potentially hepatotoxic, intermediaries. @entity130 are the liver cell, the bile canaliculus, and the smallest bile ductules. The interlobular bile ducts are normal. The @entity409 is progressive @entity3619 with an especially high incidence of @entity1777 in @entity1 who present in infancy. @entity6741 replacement therapy is usually effective in arresting the @entity99 . Regression of @entity409 has been documented during treatment of @entity1 who were diagnosed early in life. Because @entity6741 synthetic disorders are the only cholestatic diseases of infancy in which @entity1777 of hepatocytes is consistently present, the author suggest that the injury responsible for @entity1777 may be specific for toxic @entity3645 . Accordingly, immaturity of the @entity6741 synthetic pathway may render many otherwise normal @entity1 vulnerable to transient "neonatal hepatitis" with @entity1777 in a broad range of @entity1448 .

title: @entity409 caused by disorders of XXXX synthesis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver lesion', 'cholestatic liver disease', 'liver damage']

entities_list: @entity1448 :: ('MESH:D002779', 'Disease') :: ['cholestatic disorders']

entities_list: @entity6741 :: ('CHEBI:3098', 'Chemical') :: ['Bile acid', 'bile acid']

entities_list: @entity3619 :: ('MESH:D006521', 'Disease') :: ['chronic hepatitis']

entities_list: @entity3645 :: ('MESH:D001647', 'Chemical') :: ['bile acids']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['liver injury']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['Sites of injury']

answer: @entity6741 :: (CHEBI:3098,Chemical) :: ['bile acid']


abstract: @entity101 subjects, aged 15-75 years, detected by the survey of Prevalence of @entity101 in La Plata, were evaluated to settle the rates of awareness, treatment, control status and the efficacy of pharmacologic therapy (EPT). The survey was composed of 2,090 subjects when the threshold of @entity101 was equal to blood pressure (BP) greater than or equal to 140-90 mm Hg and of 1,203 subjects with a BP threshold greater than or equal to 160-95 mm Hg (Table I). The rates of awareness, treatment and control for the 140-90 mm Hg threshold were 43.97%, 33.06%, 4.9%, respectively, and the EPT was 15.03%. For the 160-95 mm Hg threshold the rates were 69.41%, 54.44% and 27.76% and the EPT was 48.32% (Table 2 and Fig. 1). The awareness and treatment rates for @entity1 were greater than those for @entity1 (p less than 0.0005) (Table 2). The EPT was similar in both sexes when the 140-90 mm Hg threshold was used while it was greater in @entity1 than in @entity1 with the 160-95 threshold (p less than 0.014) (Table 2). The rates of awareness and treatment increased with age and with the severity of the disease (Table 3-5). The EPT decreased from 85.71% in the 15-24 yr. age group to 10.56% in the 65-75 yr. age group (Table 4). Although the rates of awareness and treatment of @entity101 found in La Plata were similar to those found in USA, the control of the disease was lower.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Knowledge and treatment of XXXX in La Plata, Argentina].

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['Hypertensive', 'hypertension', 'Hypertension']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertension']


abstract: PURPOSE: To develop and implement a non-invasive immobilization system guided by a dedicated quality assurance (QA) program for dynamic intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) of intracranial and @entity135 , with IMRT delivered using the NOMOS Corporation's Peacock System and MIMiC collimator. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Thermoplastic face masks are combined with cradle-shaped @entity2636 foaming agents and a dedicated quality assurance program to create a @entity262 ( @entity262 ). Plastic shrinkage was studied to understand its effect on immobilization. Fiducial points for computerized tomography (CT) are obtained by placing multiple dabs of barium paste on mask surfaces at intersections of laser projections used for @entity1 positioning. Fiducial lines are drawn on the cradle along laser projections aligned with nasal surfaces. Lateral CT topograms are annotated with a crosshair indicating the origin of the treatment planning and delivery coordinate system, and with lines delineating the projections of superior-inferior field borders of the linear accelerator's secondary collimators, or with those of the fully open MIMiC. Port films exposed with and without the MIMIC are compared to annotated topograms to measure positional variance (PV) in superior-inferior (SI), right-left (RL), and anterior posterior (AP) directions. MIMiC vane patterns superposed on port films are applied to verify planned patterns. A 12- @entity1 study of PV was performed by analyzing positions of 10 anatomic points on repeat CT topograms, plotting histograms of PV, and determining average PV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: A 1.5+/-0.3 mm SD shrinkage per 70 cm of thermoplastic was observed over 24 h. Average PV of 1.0+/-0.8, 1.2+/-1.1, and 1.3+/-0.8 mm were measured in SI, AP, and RL directions, respectively. Lateral port films exposed with and without the MIMiC showed PV of 0.2+/-1.3 and 0.8+/-2.2 mm in AP and SI directions. Vane patterns superimposed on port films consistently verified the planned patterns. CONCLUSION: The @entity262 provided adequately reproducible immobilization for dynamic IMRT, and may be applicable to decrease PV for other cranial and head and neck external beam radiation therapy.

title: A non-invasive immobilization system and related quality assurance for dynamic intensity modulated radiation therapy of intracranial and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck disease']

entities_list: @entity262 :: ('MESH:D034721', 'Disease') :: ['customized headholder system', 'CHS']

entities_list: @entity2636 :: ('MESH:D011140', 'Chemical') :: ['polyurethane']

answer: @entity135 :: (MESH:D006258,Disease) :: ['head and neck disease']


abstract: Fusarium species are frequently associated with @entity1036 and, to a lesser extent, cases of localized and disseminated @entity281 . The @entity10437 species complex (FSSC) is the most common group of fusaria associated with @entity1 @entity166 . Several studies to date have revealed dozens of strongly supported phylogenetic species within this important evolutionary clade, though little work has been done to improve the taxonomy and understanding of the reproductive mode and phenotypes of the predominant clinically relevant species. Here we described Fusarium keratoplasticum sp. nov., and Fusarium petroliphilum stat. nov., two phylogenetic species that are among the most frequently isolated fusaria in plumbing drain biofilms and outbreaks of contact lens-associated @entity1036 . F. keratoplasticum isolates were highly variable and showed a range of morphological characteristics typical for most classical concepts of ' @entity10437 .' Many isolates failed to produce sporodochia and macroconidia. Although most attempts to sexually cross F. keratoplasticum isolates failed, a heterothallic sexual stage typical for the FSSC was discovered by pairing isolates of opposite mating type on V-8 agar, the ascospores of which showed molecular evidence of recombination. Secondary metabolite profiles of FSSC species defined through molecular data were compared for the first time and revealed the production of bioactive compounds including @entity38721 and several novel compounds of unknown function. We speculate that the inferred phenotypic variability in these species is the result of the almost entirely anthropogenic sources from which they are derived, including biofilms on plumbing systems.

title: Phylogenetic relationships among members of the @entity10437 species complex in @entity1 XXXX and the descriptions of F. keratoplasticum sp. nov. and F. petroliphilum stat. nov.

entities_list: @entity38721 :: ('MESH:D003524', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporines']

entities_list: @entity1036 :: ('MESH:D007634', 'Disease') :: ['mycotic keratitis']

entities_list: @entity10437 :: ('169388', 'Species') :: ['Fusarium solani', 'F. solani']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['infectious diseases']

answer: @entity281 :: (MESH:D007239,Disease) :: ['infections']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Mixed reflux of acid and duodenal contents frequently occurs in @entity1 with @entity354 ( @entity354 ). The aim of this study was to establish the contribution of acid and duodenal @entity354 (DGER) to symptoms in @entity1 with presumed @entity354 . METHODS: A total of 72 @entity1 (37 @entity1 ), mean age 45 yr (+/-2 yr), underwent 24-h ambulatory pH and Bilitec monitoring. @entity1 pressed a marker button when experiencing typical symptoms. For each symptom episode, minimal pH and maximal bilirubin optical density in a 2- or 4-min interval were calculated. For each @entity1 , the symptom index (SI) and symptom-association probability for acid and for @entity9098 were determined. RESULTS: A total of 544 symptom episodes were identified. Using a 2-min interval, 28% were associated with acid reflux, 9% with DGER, and 12% with mixed reflux. No significant difference was found when a 4-min interval was used. A positive SI for acid reflux was present in 21% of the @entity1 and for DGER in 14%. All @entity1 with a positive SI for DGER had also a positive SI for acid reflux. A positive symptom-association probability for acid reflux was present in 22% of the @entity1 , for DGER in 7% of the @entity1 , and for mixed reflux in 10% of the @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Symptom episodes in @entity1 with presumed @entity354 are more related to acid reflux than to DGER. DGER does not play a major role in producing typical esophageal symptoms.

title: The role of acid and duodenal XXXX in symptomatic @entity354 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity354 :: ('MESH:D005764', 'Disease') :: ['gastroesophageal reflux', 'gastroesophageal reflux disease', 'GERD']

entities_list: @entity9098 :: ('MESH:D001655', 'Disease') :: ['bile reflux']

answer: @entity354 :: (MESH:D005764,Disease) :: ['gastroesophageal reflux']


abstract: We studied intensity of @entity158 , cumulative @entity1286 consumption, ventilatory and renal function, and haemostasis in @entity1 undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery and receiving a 2-day i.v. infusion of @entity3522 , @entity6058 or saline. Plasma concentrations of the two NSAID were also measured. The study was randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled, with 10 @entity1 in each group. @entity1 experienced mainly moderate @entity158 . Mean consumption of i.v. @entity1286 during the first day after operation was 57 (SEM 11) mg in the placebo group. @entity3522 and @entity6058 were equally effective in reducing total @entity1286 consumption (61% and 52%, respectively). Adverse events were similar and minor. Greater variability in plasma concentrations of @entity6058 were detected compared with @entity3522 .

title: I.v. @entity3522 and XXXX for @entity158 after thoracoscopic surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3522 :: ('MESH:D004008', 'Chemical') :: ['diclofenac', 'Diclofenac']

entities_list: @entity6058 :: ('MESH:D020910', 'Chemical') :: ['ketorolac']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine']

answer: @entity6058 :: (MESH:D020910,Chemical) :: ['ketorolac']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity14 has an important genetic component. Microsatellites are considered phenotypic markers of prognosis, therapeutic response and identify @entity1 with mutations in DNA repair genes. AIM: To evaluate the molecular profile of @entity5 underwent to transanal endoscopic microsurgery-TEM in surgical treatment of @entity5 . METHOD: Thirty eight surgical specimens were evaluated according to pathological staging and the region of the @entity5 were dissected and submitted to DNA extraction. The @entity14 were tested for microsatellite instability-MSI using a panel of five markers (BAT25, BAT26, D2S123, D5S346, and D17S2720) technique of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). RESULT: From total 63% were male and 47% female, with mean age of 58.4 years. In relation to @entity652 were 58%, 24% low-grade @entity652 and 76% high grade; 42% were @entity189 . The depth of resection 80% included the rectal perirenal fat and 20% the muscularis propria. The most frequent microsatellite amplification was BAT26 (100%) and lowest D17S2720 (85.4%). Sixteen @entity1 (42%) were MSI, ten were @entity189 , two low grade @entity652 and four high grade. Twenty-two cases (68%) showed microsatellite stable-MSS. The allelic loss of microsatellite markers was statistically significant in cases of @entity189 in relation to @entity652 . The most frequent microsatellite amplification was BAT26 (100%) and lower D17S2720 (85.4%), 16 @entity1 (42%) had microsatellite instability-MSI thereof ten were @entity189 , two low grade @entity652 , four high-grade @entity652 and 22 cases (58%) were microsatellite stable-MSS. CONCLUSION: @entity124 ( @entity498 ) was significantly associated with @entity189 , confirming its use as a prognostic marker in @entity14 .

title: XXXX --MSI markers (BAT26, BAT25, D2S123, D5S346, D17S250) in @entity5 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity124 :: ('MESH:D053842', 'Disease') :: ['Microsatellite instability']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'rectal cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['rectal carcinomas', 'carcinomas', 'carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['Colorectal cancer', 'colorectal tumors', 'colorectal carcinogenesis']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['tumor type adenomas', 'adenomas']

answer: @entity124 :: (MESH:D053842,Disease) :: ['Microsatellite instability']


abstract: Controlled trials in @entity1 with @entity1279 have demonstrated efficacy of antidepressant medications with serotonergic function (e.g. @entity905 ) as well as noradrenergic function (e.g. @entity5829 ). Seven outpatients with @entity1279 according to DSM-IV criteria were treated openly with 8 mg of @entity18891 , a selective @entity1063 reuptake inhibitor (NRI) over a 12-week period. The @entity1 were assessed with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM, Clinical Global Impression, 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating scale (HAM-D), @entity1277 Inventory, Eating Disorders Questionnaire, daily self-ratings of eating behaviour, and the UKU side-effect rating scale. Three @entity1 dropped out prematurely, one after 6 weeks and two after 4 weeks of @entity18891 treatment. The reasons for premature attrition were rapid remission in one @entity1 after 2 weeks and @entity1142 , which led to an increase in episodes of laxative intake in two @entity1 . In the total group, the monthly binge eating frequency showed a reduction of 73% and the frequency of @entity391 episodes per month decreased by 67%. Furthermore, there was a concomitant decrease of @entity308 ratings (HAM-D: from 12.2-6.1). @entity18891 seems to be an option for the treatment of @entity1279 .

title: XXXX in the treatment of @entity1279 : a report of seven cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity905 :: ('MESH:D005473', 'Chemical') :: ['fluoxetine']

entities_list: @entity5829 :: ('MESH:D003891', 'Chemical') :: ['desipramine']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity18891 :: ('MESH:C074679', 'Chemical') :: ['reboxetine', 'Reboxetine']

entities_list: @entity1277 :: ('MESH:D001068', 'Disease') :: ['Eating Disorder']

entities_list: @entity1279 :: ('MESH:D052018', 'Disease') :: ['bulimia nervosa']

entities_list: @entity1142 :: ('MESH:D003248', 'Disease') :: ['constipation']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['noradrenaline']

answer: @entity18891 :: (MESH:C074679,Chemical) :: ['Reboxetine']


abstract: @entity19 @entity10898 (muMGF), a @entity10898 , has additive to greater-than-additive effects on in vitro colony formation of @entity19 and @entity1 myeloid progenitor cells stimulated with @entity1307 , @entity2841 ( @entity2841 ), and/or @entity2772 . To confirm direct-acting effects on responding cells, @entity6826 was assessed alone and in combination with other cytokines for effects on the proliferation of the @entity1 factor-dependent cell line, M07e. Proliferation was assayed in liquid culture by @entity665 uptake and in semisolid medium by colony formation. Purified recombinant (r) muMGF (25-50 ng/ml) by itself had proliferative activity but less than r @entity1 (hu) @entity2841 . In combination with rhuGM-CSF (250 U/ml) or @entity2772 (500 U/ml), rmuMGF (25 ng/ml) enhanced @entity665 uptake two- to sevenfold greater than the sum of the effects of each factor alone. Similar enhancement was seen in the number and size of colonies formed. When @entity6826 was used in combination with rhuIL-4 (500-1000 U/ml), rhuIL-6 (5 ng/ml), rhuIL-9 (5-10 U/ml), or rhu @entity379 ; 250-500 U/ml) (factors that alone stimulate little proliferation), @entity665 uptake and colony formation were respectively increased 2- to 11- and 3- to 55-fold over the sum of each of the effects of the factors alone. Exposure of 5 x 10(5) cells/ml to 50 ng/ml @entity6826 for 24 h, a time during which synergism is noted with @entity6826 plus either @entity2841 or @entity2772 , did not change @entity2841 or @entity2772 receptor binding affinity or the number of binding sites. Exposure of cells to @entity6826 for 48 h did not alter subsequent @entity2841 - or @entity2772 -stimulated proliferation. The results suggest that @entity1 cells will be useful as a model for the analysis of intracellular biochemical mechanisms of the direct-acting proliferative and synergistic effects of @entity6826 .

title: @entity6826 ( @entity6826 ) enhances cytokine stimulation of proliferation of the XXXX factor-dependent cell line, M07e.

entities_list: @entity10898 :: ('17311(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['c-kit ligand', 'mast cell growth factor']

entities_list: @entity1307 :: ('2056', 'Gene') :: ['erythropoietin']

entities_list: @entity665 :: ('CHEBI:53526', 'Chemical') :: ['[3H]thymidine']

entities_list: @entity379 :: ('3458', 'Gene') :: ['interferon gamma (IFN-gamma']

entities_list: @entity2841 :: ('1437', 'Gene') :: ['granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor', 'GM-CSF']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']